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 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 SCHOOL OF LAW
 
 5b 
 
 ^11 
 
 COPIOUS AND CKITICAL 
 
 ENGLISH -Lira DICTIOMRY. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH, LL.D., 
 
 EDITOR OF THE CLASSICAL DICTIONAPaES, CURTIUS'S GREEK GRAMMAR, THE STUDENT'S HUME, THE STUDKNTI 
 
 GREECE, OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT HISTORIES, Ac, Ac; 
 
 AND 
 
 THEOPHILUS D. HALL, M.A. 
 
 FELLOW OF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON. 
 
 TO WHICH IS ADDED 
 
 A DICTIONARY OF PEOPER NAMES. 
 
 
 NEW YORK •:• CINCINNATI •:• CHICAGO 
 AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 187 1, by 
 
 HARPER & BROTHERS, 
 
 In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 
 P 6
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 It has been the object of the Authors of this Work to produce a more 
 complete and more perfect English-Latin Dictionary than has 
 hitherto existed ; and the lon;^; delay in its publication has been owing 
 to the time and labour necessary to execute this intention. 
 
 When the announcement of a new English-Latin Dictionary was 
 first made, the extent of the labour involved in such a work waslar from 
 being adequately estimated. Had we anticipated that nearly fifteen years 
 would have elapsed before the enterprize could be com{)leted, we should 
 probably have shrunk from the toil. Yet this has hern the time 
 expended upon the Work. The first announcement of this Dictionary 
 was made in 1855 ; the completed work issues from the press in 1870. 
 
 In order to appreciate the nature and extent of the labour under- 
 taken, three things require to be kept in view. 
 
 1. There was no existing English-Latin Dictionary, from which any 
 considerable amount of help could be derived. The English-Latin 
 Dictionary published under the joint names of Messrs. Riddle and 
 Arnold is avowedly based upon the German work of Georges; but, 
 though containing valuable matter, it is confused in arrangement, and 
 in general does not indicate the different classical sources from which 
 its Latin phraseology is derived. It was therefore of no use to us except 
 in the way of suggestion ; and, moreover, the whole of its material could, 
 in most cases, be found by a simple reference to the pages of Georges, 
 or, in a much more satisfactory and complete form, to those of Kraft. 
 
 Thus the lines of the work had to be laid de novo, as much so as if 
 no other Dictionary of the kind existed. An entirely new plan was 
 accoidingly adopted ; a new classification of the meanings of the 
 En«dish words had to be elaborated; and new examples and illustrations 
 adduced. 
 
 2. In order to ensure the pertinency ot the examples, it was 
 necessary to use special care in the verification of references. \ ery 
 many quotations, at first sight applicable, were found on actual reference 
 to the context from which they were detached to be not exactly 
 in point, or, if available at all, available only by way of suggestion. 
 Only those who have had similar experience can appreciate the labour 
 which such a task as this entails. Not a few works, in tlicniselves 
 excellent, have yet many false references ; as, for example, the extremely 
 valuable Ciceronian Lexicon of Nizolius ; while even the most accurate 
 are, of course, sometimes found fallible. In some cases an error of 
 
 a 2
 
 iv PREFACE. 
 
 this kind has been painfully tracked from one authority to another; 
 and after appearing in every successive edition of Forcellini's great 
 work, has met with its correction — probably for the first time — in our 
 pages. Doubtless incorrect references are to be found here also, in spite 
 of the extreme care which lias been exercised ; and the Authors will be 
 grateful to any persons who will kindly communicate such should they 
 be discovered ; but it is believed that they are extremely few in 
 proportion to the total number. And even in the case of these, the 
 student may feel assured that the verification has been actually made, 
 in spite of a clerical or typographical error in recording it. 
 
 3. The Work has grown and developed under our hands in such a 
 way as to demand greatly increased time and labour. Owing chiefly to 
 modifications of plan, not less than half of the book certainly — perhaps, 
 it may safely be said, two-thirds — has been executed thrice over. It is 
 hoped that in the improvement which the work has thus undergone 
 exists an ample compensation for the delay which has occurred. 
 The earlier part of the book will be seen to contain fewer exact 
 references than the latter. In fact, it was not until a large portion of 
 it had been printed, and a still larger portion prepared for the press, 
 that the plan of specifying the precise place in an author where each 
 example is to be found, was — from a growing sense of its advantages — 
 adopted. This course involved an immense addition of labour, and was 
 attended by the slight anomaly indicated , which may perhaps be 
 allowed to mark the development of an enterprize more than ordinarily 
 trying to patience and industry. From the very beginning, however, 
 exact references had been introduced in cases where the special im- 
 portance or interest of any illustration appeared to require it. 
 
 Every article in the book is the result of original and independent 
 research ; and it is not too much to say that a single column often 
 represents the hard labour of several days. The progress of the work 
 has been often delayed for hours by the difficulty of finding a passage 
 in a Latin author wrongly quoted, or of meeting with a suitable Latin 
 equivalent for an English word. 
 
 Some features of the plan of the Work require a brief exposition. 
 
 1. Great pains have been taken in classifying the different senses of 
 the English words, so as to enable the student readily to find what he 
 wants. The facilities afforded by the use of different kinds of type have 
 been freely used ; and those senses of words have been brought forward 
 most prominently, and treated most fully, which appeared likely to 
 cause perplexity to the student, minute subdivisions of meanings being 
 avoided. At the same time, the logical order has been as far as 
 possible followed ; and even senses which have become obsolete have 
 been noted where this appeared necessary to the proper development of 
 the use of any particular word. The leading meanings of the English 
 words are marked by black Eoman nntner.ils (|.^ ||.^ Hl.^ i'^'c), a briet
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 definition being in all sncli oases added in Italics. The work is 
 thus to a large extent a Dictionary of tiie English language proper, 
 as well as an English-Latin Dictionary. 
 
 2, Where there are several Latin equivalents, these are kept quite 
 distinct, and marked with black Arabic numerals (I, 2, 3, etc.). To 
 distinguish synonyms, short explanations of dilferent Latin words are 
 added in brackets. Each meaning is illustrated by examples from the 
 classical writeis, and those phrases are as a general rule given in both 
 English and Latin. This Work— it must be borne in mind— is not 
 a Latin-English, Init an English-Latin Dictionary. Moreover, it is one 
 professing to deal not only with English words considered by themselves, 
 but with those words as occurring in their most frequent combinations 
 with other words, and especially in characteristic and idiomatic phrases. 
 The English given in any case is not therefore to be regarded as a 
 mere translation of the Latin example— which any one might make for 
 
 himself but as furnishing a specimen of such combinations. Besides 
 
 this, the presentation of English and Latin together— even when not 
 absolutely needed for phraseological purposes— was thought likely to be 
 of use to the student, by giving him a firmer grasp of the meaning 
 of the Latin. A mere Latin extract is often passed over by the young 
 student. The vehicle is foreign ; and the extra time consumed in reading 
 it, and, what is quite another matter, in bringing home to the mind 
 a clear impression of its force, is a consideration not to be overlooked. 
 
 Furthei-, and to this point the Authors attach great impor- 
 tance, the course adopted appeared to furnish a test of the per- 
 tinency of the illustrations, of the most decisive and even crucial nature. 
 If the Latin equivalent in any given example could without harshness 
 be translated by the English word under treatment, conclusive proof 
 was thus afforded that the correspondence between the two was real and 
 not merely ap[)arent ; and the laying of both togetlier before the 
 student seemed to be the plan best calculated to give him the fullest 
 satisfaction on the point. 
 
 3. The Vocabulary of English words treated is for the most part 
 limited to words in actual use or occurring in authors generally read. 
 Should the student require the Latin equivalent of an obsolete EngHsh 
 word, his obvious course will be to look under its current modern 
 equivalent. Very many of the unnecessary Latinisms which crowd the 
 columns of Webster and Richardson are omitted altogether. On the 
 other hand, the student will find here many derived forms — especially 
 the participial adjectives — which are not to be met with in any similar 
 work. Technical terms of Art, Science and Theology have been given 
 when such appeared to possess that kind of general interest whicli brings 
 them within the range of all persons of culture, apart from their own 
 special field. In representing theological terms, the language of 
 theologians has been adopted. The nomenclature of Christian Theology 
 — Catholic and Trotestant — is itself mainly Latin; and must often be
 
 vi PREFACE. 
 
 used apart from all questions of elegance or cUissicality. To write 
 a treatise on the Sacraments in words known only to Cicero would be 
 as absurd as for an English author to attempt to describe a railway or 
 a steam-engine in the phraseology of Shakspeare and Bacon. So on 
 the principle— ar^?;/ic/ in sua arte credendum— the authority of the 
 Scriptores rei rusticae has been chiefly appealed to in matters relating to 
 farming, gardening, and the management of stock ; that of Priscian and 
 the authors embraced in the copious collection of Putschius, in matters 
 grammatical and verbal ; that of the Scriptores gromatici, in the case of 
 some terms relating to geometry and mensuration ; and that of Pliny 
 the Elder, for the miscellaneous vocabulary of the natural sciences. In 
 the case of words for which there neither is nor can be any classical 
 equivalent, recourse has been freely had to more modern sources. Such 
 words are marked by an asterisk. But while special terms have been 
 taken from writers of various ages, in all that relates to the complexion 
 of sentences involving questions of taste or style, the aim of the Authors 
 has been to follow in the steps marked out by Cicero and his contem 
 poraries, or the writers of what is called the Augustan age. 
 
 4. In dealing with English words nearly synonymous, the Authors 
 have carefully sought to avoid needless repetition. They have aimed 
 to bring their matter in each case under its natural head ; that is, 
 under the English word by which the Latin equivalent in question 
 is oftenest represented. When the same equivalent has to be adduced 
 again under another English word, it is for the most part less fully 
 treated, or the student is simply directed to another place for illus- 
 trations of its use. Mere cross references have, however, been avoided 
 as far as possible ; and pains have been taken to present under every 
 article enough to be of service to the student, who may perhaps lack 
 time for a prolonged consultation. Nothing is more vexatious than 
 to be sent unprofited from article to article ; on the other hand, no 
 reasonable person will complain if, at times, his first consultation is 
 rewarded by only an instalment of the information of which he is in 
 quest, when a little lurther search will discover all he wants. 
 
 It is difiicult in a work of this kind to express properly the obliga- 
 tions under which the Authors lie to previous labourers. But in the 
 foremost rank, mention must be made of the German-Latin Lexicon of 
 Kraft, which has been consulted throughout, and drawn upon for very 
 many illustrations which might not have been otherwise arrived at. 
 The briefer and inferior work of Georges supplies little that is not to 
 be found in its predecessor. The French-Latin Dictionary of Quicherat 
 furnishes perhaps a more extensive vocabulary tiian either, and has 
 often been found extremely useful in the conversion of rarer and more 
 technical words ; tiie only drawback to its utility being the entire absence 
 of precise references. The work of Kiddle and Arnold, to which allusion 
 has already been made, has also been consulted ; and some examples 
 and suggestions have been derived from it. These, however, when
 
 PREFACE. ^'1' 
 
 appearing to be the original property of the work in question, are 
 acknowledged, in loco, thus [R. and A.]. In most cases however they are 
 derived from Georges. The excellent treatise of Niigelsbach (Die Latei- 
 nische Stilistik) has furnished some valuable hints for the conversion 
 of various modes of speech in which German and English alike differ 
 from Latin ; also of some words partaking in an especial manner of 
 the complexion of modern thought. The synonym books of Habicht 
 and Doderlein have also been carefully consulted. To express indebted- 
 ness to the great work of Forcellini— the German edition of which has 
 been chiefly used — is almost superfluous ; while the indispensable 
 Lexicon of Nizolius (before referred to), the 'Lexicon Quintilianeum ' of 
 Bonnell, the * Lexicon Taciteum ' of Botticher, and the copious indexes 
 to almost all classical authors of any importance to be found in the 
 great standard Editions, have furnished aids without which our labour 
 would have often been multiplied many fold. For scientific words we have 
 derived valuable assistance from Mayne's 'Expository Lexicon of the 
 Terms, Ancient and Modern, in Medical and General Science,' London, 
 l{^()0. On lexical and grammatical points frequent reference is made to 
 Dr. Smith's Latin-English Dictionary, and to the Student's Latin 
 Grammar by the authors of the present Work. 
 
 It remains to notice the assistance which the Authors have received, 
 and the part which they themselves have taken in the preparation of the 
 Dictionary. It was projected by Dr. Smith, and upon him has mainly 
 devolved the editorship and general superintendence oi tne work, m 
 addition to the composition of various portions. He was originally 
 associated in his labours with Mr. Eobson, who had rendered valu- 
 able aid in the preparation of the Latin-Enghsh Dictionary. jMr. Robson 
 devoted two years exclusively to making preparations for the work, 
 taking as his basis Webster's quarto Dictionary, supplemented by other 
 standard Dictionaries, and assigning from the best sources the ordinary 
 Latin equivalent for each vord and every meaning of each word. 
 Having completed this laborious task, Mr. Robson proceeded to draw 
 up the separate articles in detail, and had reached as far as nearly the 
 end of C, when other engagements compelled him to resign his share in 
 the undertaking Dr. Smith then obtained the assistance of ]\Ir. Hall, 
 whose name now appears on the title-page along with his own. 'Mr 
 Hall originally entered on the work as a contributor ; and as such ha> 
 completed more than one half of the entire book— from the beginning 
 of D to nearly the end of P, besides other detached portions. But pro- 
 ioneed association with Dr. Smith in the undertaking led naturally to 
 
 D 111 
 
 a participation in the care and responsibility of the work as a whole. 
 Notwithstanding the unremitting exertions of Dr. Smith and ]\Ir. Hall, 
 it was found necessary to call in further assistance in order to finish 
 the Work in any reasonable time. Accordingly the Authors have to 
 acknowledge their obligations to the following scholars : Mr. F. ^Millard, 
 M.A., of the International College, London, and of Queen's College, 
 Oxford, who has executed under their superintendence portions of R
 
 viii PREFACE. 
 
 and S, and the greater part of T; to Mr. Philip Smith, B.A., who ronti'i- 
 buted the articles from " Pull " to the end of Q ; and to Mr. C. A. F. 
 Fennell, M.A., Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge; Rev. C. E. Graves, 
 M.A., Classical Lecturer and late Fellow of St. John's College, Cam- 
 bridge ; Rev. W. C. Green, M.A., late Fellow of King's College, and 
 Classical Lecturer, Queen's College, Cambridge; Rev. H. W. Phillott, 
 M.A,, Rector of 8taunton-on-Wye, and late Student of Christ Church, 
 Oxford ; Mr. E. B. Rand, B. A., late Student of Caius College, Cambridge ; 
 and Mr. Evelyn S. Shuckburgh, M.A., Fellow of Emmanuel College, 
 Cambridge ; for very valuable aid in preparing the later letters of the 
 Alphabet. But strenuous exertions have been made by the Authors to 
 secure the homogeneity of the work, and it is hoped that the student 
 will in no part seriously miss that unity of treatment which is so essen- 
 tial to the utility of a work of this nature. 
 
 In conclusion, the Authors would commend the fruit of their long 
 labour to the candid and favourable consideration of English scholars 
 and students. It is inevitable that a work of such magnitude should 
 have not a few blemishes and imperfections; but they nevertheless 
 trust that it will be received as supplying, in a manner not altogether 
 unworthy, a long and deeply felt want in our English schools and 
 colleges. 
 
 January Is*, 1870,
 
 ( i^ ) 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 OK THK 
 
 NAMES OF AUTHORS AND OK THE TITLES OF THEIR WORKS.* 
 
 Aem. Mac. Aemilius Miieer, jw<e(, obilt 
 
 Afran. Lucius AlVaiiius, ivriter of 
 
 comedy, flor. 
 
 Aggen. Aggenus Urbicus. iirriter <m hits- 
 
 bandry, circa A.I). 4th cent. 
 Albin. C. Pedo Alliinovanus, poet, „ 
 
 Alcim. Alcimus Avitus, Christian 
 
 uTiter, „ 
 
 Alter. P. Alfenus Varus, ;ai«i/er, „ 
 
 Amoi. Ammianus Marcellinus, hist., „ 
 
 Ampel L. Ampelius, hist. about 
 
 Apic. ApiciuB Coelius, writer on 
 
 cookery (date of work un- 
 known). 
 Apul.,Appul., App. Lucius Apuleius, philosopher, „ 
 (Ed. Delph.). 
 
 „ Apol., Apologia, or De Miigia. 
 
 „ Flor.. Florida. 
 
 „ Met. i/r M., Metamorphoses. 
 
 „ lYism.. Triamegistus. 
 
 Apul.. etc. L. Apuleius Barbarus, bota- 
 
 nical ivrittr, about „ 
 
 ,, Herb.. Herbarium. 
 
 Arn., Arnob. Arnobius Afer, Chr icrHer, 
 
 Ascow. y. Asconlus Pedianus, gram- 
 
 marian, „ 
 
 Asln. C. Asinius PoUio, orator and 
 
 hist. oh. 
 
 Att. or Ace. L. Attius or Accius, writer of 
 
 tragedy, fl. 
 
 Auct. B. Afr. Auctur Belli Africani. 
 
 Auct. B. Ale.x. Auctor Belli Ale,\andrini. 
 
 Auct. B. Hi.sp. Auctor Belli Hispanlensls. 
 
 Auct. Har. resp. Auctor de Haruspicum respon- 
 sis (a speech usu. attributed 
 to Cicero). 
 
 Auct. pro Dom. Auctor pro Donio sua (a speech 
 usu. attributed to Cicero). 
 
 Auct. Her. Auctor ad Herennium, rloet. 
 
 Aact. Pervig. Ven. Auctor Pervigilii Veneris. 
 
 Aug. Aurelius Augustinus, Chris- 
 
 tian UTiter, 
 „ Civ. D., de Civitate Dei. 
 
 August. Caesar Octavian\is Augustus, „ 
 
 Aur. Vict. Sextus Aurelius Victor, hist. fl. 
 
 Aus. D. Magnus Ausonius, poet, „ 
 
 ,, Eel.. Ei-lo^rtiiuni. 
 
 „ Ep.. Epistoliie. 
 
 „ Epigr., EpiKraramata. 
 
 „ Epit.. Epitaphia. 
 
 „ Grat. Act., liratiarum Actio. 
 
 „ IdyU., Idyllia, or Edyllia. 
 
 „ Parent.. Parenialia. 
 
 „ Per., Periochae. 
 
 „ Prof., Professores. 
 
 „ Saji-. .^^Hpientes. 
 
 B.C. if> Capitol. 
 
 ^, 94 Cass. Hem. 
 ' Cas^l<Kl. 
 Calo 
 A.I). 8 
 
 Julius Capiluliiius, biographei, 
 aboiji 
 L. Ca»ius lleiiiiiia, hint. 
 M. A. Ca^slodorus. hist. 
 M. I'oicius Cato, orator and 
 hist. 
 
 ob. 
 
 A.I). 291 
 B.C. 140 
 A.l). 561 
 
 B.C. 149 
 
 It. U.. De Re rustlta. 
 
 Avien. 
 Boetb. 
 
 Brut. 
 
 Caecil. 
 
 Caes. 
 
 B.C. 22 
 
 A.D. j8o 
 
 ,, joo 
 
 150 
 
 Cat. 
 Cels. 
 
 Censor. 
 Charis. 
 
 4 
 B.C. no 
 
 ob. A.D. 4JO 
 
 14 
 
 R. Festus Avienus, poet, 
 Anicius Manl. 'I'orq. Severi- 
 
 nus Boethlus, phil. 
 M. Junius Brutus, 
 t;aecillus Statins, writtr of 
 
 comedy, 
 Caius Julius Caesar, hist. 
 
 ub. 
 
 „ B. C, Belluin Civile. 
 „ B. U., Bellum Oallicum. 
 
 Callistr. Callistratus, lawyer, 
 
 Calp. T. Julius Calpumius, poet, 
 
 perh. about 
 Cap. or Mart. Cap. Martianus Mineus Felix Ca- 
 pella, encyclopaedist, about 
 
 Cic. 
 
 C. Valerius Catullus, j)oe<, 
 A. Cornelius Celsus. pitysician, 
 perU. 
 Censorinus, chninoluyiti. 
 Flavins Soslpaier Cliarisiu.', 
 
 yiaminarian, 
 M. I'uUius Cicero, orator and 
 
 philosopher. 
 
 A.I 
 
 5S 
 
 m 
 
 ub. 
 
 .. 40c 
 B.C. 4J 
 
 ., 5Z4 
 B.C. 42 
 
 „ 168 
 .. 44 
 
 A.l>. 200 
 „ 28s 
 
 M 480 
 
 Acad., Academical QuaesUouea. 
 
 Aem. Scaur., Oratio pro Aemilio Scauro (Fn^.). 
 
 Agr., Orationes de lege Agraria. 
 
 Am., de Aini'-'itia, or Laetiiu. 
 
 Arat, traiLsl. ol .\ratU3. 
 
 Arch., Oratio pro Arch i a. 
 
 Att., Epistolae ad Atticnm. 
 
 Balb., Oratio pro L. Cora. Balbo. 
 
 Brut, Brutus, seu de Claris Uratoribtu. 
 
 ad Br. Epistolae ad Brutmn. 
 
 Caecin., Oratio pro Caedna. 
 
 Cat, Orationes in Catilinam. 
 
 Clod, et Cur.. Oratio in Clodium et Curionem (Frag.) 
 
 CI. or Clu., Oratio pro Cluentio. 
 
 Coel., Oratio pro M. Coelio. 
 
 Deiot. Oratio pro Rege Deiotaro. 
 
 Dir., De Divinatione. 
 
 Div. in Caecil. or Div. Verr., Diiiuatiu lu CaaciUam. 
 
 Dom., Oratio pro Domo. 
 
 Fara., Epistolae ad Faniiliares. 
 
 Fat., De Fato. 
 
 Fin., de Finibua. 
 
 Flac, or Fl., Oratio pro L. Flacco. 
 
 Font., Oratio pro M. Fonteio. 
 
 Fragm. or Fr., Fragment*. 
 
 Inv., De luventione. 
 
 Leg., De Legibus. 
 
 lag., Oratio pro Ligario. 
 
 Man. or Mauil., Oratio pro lege Mm l l i a . 
 
 Marcell., Oratio pro Marcello. 
 
 Mil., Oratio pro Miloue. 
 
 Mur., Omtio pro L. Mtireua. 
 
 N. D., De Natura Deorum. 
 
 OIT.. De Ofliciia. 
 
 Opt Oeii., De Optimo Qenere Oralonun. 
 
 Or., Orator, ad M. Brutnm. 
 
 De Dr., De Oratore. 
 
 Par., Paradoxa. 
 
 Part Or., Partillones Oratoriae. 
 
 Pldl., Orationes Philippicae. 
 
 Pis., Orutio in Pisonem. 
 
 Plane, or PI., Oratio pro Plancio. 
 
 Pruv. Cons.. De Proviuciis Constilai ibus 
 
 Quint, Oratio pro P. Quintio. 
 
 Q. Fr., Epistolae ad Q Fratrem. 
 
 Kab. Perd. or C. liab., Oratio pro Kabirio pei.luelliuuu rea 
 
 Bab. Post, Oratio pro Habirio Pc«luino. 
 
 Rose. Am. or R. Aiu.. Oratio pro B<«cio Ameriuo. 
 
 Itosa Com. or R. Com., Oratio pro Roscio Comoedo. 
 
 Rep., De Republica. . 
 
 , De Sen. or Sen., De Senectnte, or Cato Major. 
 , Seat or Seit., Oratio pro Seslio tSeilio>. 
 , SiUl., Oratio pro Stilla. 
 , Top., Topica. 
 
 , Tull., Oratio pro M. Tullio (Frag.). 
 , Tusc., Diaputationes Tusculanae. 
 , Tim., Timaeus or De Universe. 
 , Vatin., Oratio In Vatinium. 
 . Verr., Otationc8 in VerreiQ : quoted thus : — 1 
 a. Verr. 2, 1 ; 4. Verr. 2, 2 ; 5. Verr. 3 ; 6. 
 
 Div. Verr. ; 2. Verr. Act. 1 : 
 Verr. 4 ; 7. Verr. 8. 
 
 Claud. 
 Cud. 
 
 Claudius Claudianus, poet. 
 Codex. 
 
 fl. A.I). J*> 
 
 „ Circg., Greeorianna. 
 
 ,, Uermog., Bermogenianiu. 
 
 „ JtLst., Justiiiianus. 
 
 ,. Tbeotl., Tbeodosianus. 
 
 Coel. Aurel. Coelius Aurelianus, physician, 
 
 (date uncertain, but not later 
 
 than jrd cent. A.D.). 
 
 ,. Acut., Aeutae Paauonea. 
 
 Tard., Tardae Pasiones. 
 
 • The dates in this List are derived, in most cases, from Dr. Smith's Biographical Dictionary ; but they must, in many inataocw. be retarded M. » bee* 
 only approximations to the true eras of the wxitetv _ 
 

 
 ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 Col, 
 
 , Jul. Moderatus Columella, 
 xvriter on husbandry, 
 
 Arb . De ArboribuB. 
 
 Commixi. 
 Coripp. 
 
 Curt. 
 
 Cypr. 
 
 Dig. 
 Diom 
 
 Donat or Don. 
 
 Eccl. 
 
 Enn. 
 
 Eutr. 
 
 Fenest. 
 
 Fest. 
 
 Firm. 
 
 Flor. 
 
 Fronto or Front. 
 
 Frontin. or Front, 
 
 Fulg. 
 
 Gai. or Cai. 
 Gall. 
 
 Gell. 
 
 Gloss. 
 
 Commodianus, Chr. poet, 
 
 Fl. Cresconius Corippus, poet 
 
 and grammarian, 
 Q. Curtius Kufus, hist. prob. 
 
 1st cent. A.D. ; ace. to Butt- 
 
 mann. 
 Thascius Caecilius Cypiianus, 
 
 Chr. ivriter, 
 Digesta. i. e. libri Pandeciarnni 
 Diomedes, grammarian, prob. 
 
 ;th cent. A.D. 
 Aelius Donatus, Qrammarian 
 
 and commentator, 
 Scriptores Ecclesiastici. 
 Q. Ennius, poH, 
 Flavins Eiitropius, hist. 
 L. Kenestella, hist. 
 Sext. Pompeius Festus, gram- 
 marian, 4th cent. A.D. 
 Julius Firmicus Maternus, 
 
 mathematician, 
 ]j. Annatus Florus, hist. 
 M. Cornelius Fronto, orator, 
 S. Julius Frontinus, writer De 
 
 Strategematis, de Aquaeduc- 
 
 tibus, etc, 
 Fabius Planciades Fulgentius, 
 
 grammarian, 6th cent. A.l> 
 Gaius or Caius, lawyer, 
 C. Cornelius (jallus, poet, 
 Aulus Gellins, grmn.. etc. 
 Glossariuni. 
 
 ob 
 
 fl. 
 
 cb. 
 
 fl. 
 
 ob. 
 
 A.D. 20 
 
 „ 2-70 
 „ 566 
 
 „ 69 
 
 .. J53 
 
 B.C. 169 
 A.D }fx> 
 A.D. 21 
 
 540 
 m; 
 
 MO 
 
 Lucr. 
 
 M. Corvin. 
 Macer, 
 
 Macr. 
 
 r. Lucretius Cams, poet and 
 philosopher, about 
 
 Messala Corvinus. hist. 
 
 C. l.icinius Macer, annalist 
 atid orator, 
 
 Aur. Theodosius Macrobius, 
 critic, 
 
 ob. 
 
 B.C. JO 
 
 fl. 
 
 10 
 
 ob. 
 
 „ 66 
 
 fl. 
 
 A.D. 59; 
 
 Cyril., Cyrilli. 
 Philox .'Philoxem. 
 
 Grat. Falisc. 
 Hier. 
 
 Hirt. 
 Hor. 
 
 Gratius Faliscus, poet, 
 Hieronyuius (Jerome), 
 
 tirriter, 
 Aulus Hirtius, hist. 
 Q. Horatius Flaccus, poet. 
 
 Chr. 
 
 ob. 
 
 fl. 
 
 ob. 
 
 fi. 
 
 fl. 
 ob. 
 
 106 I 
 
 „ 160 
 B.C. 26 
 A.D. i;o 
 
 B.C. 6 
 
 A.D. 470 
 
 B.C. 4? 
 
 8 
 
 „ Sat. or S., Saturnalia 
 
 „ Somn. Scip., Soraiiiuin .'^cipionis 
 
 Mamert. Claudius Mamertinus, pane- 
 
 gyrist, 
 Manil. M. Manilius, pof<, 
 
 Marc. Aelius Marcianus, lawyer, 
 
 .Mure. Emp. Marcellus Empiricus, physi- 
 
 cian. 
 Mart. M. Valerius Martialis, poet, 
 
 Mela, Pomponius Mela, geographer, 
 
 Min. Fel. Minutius Felix, Chr. writer, 
 
 Modest. Hereiiniiis Modestinus, lawyer, 
 
 Naev C. Naevius, poet, 
 
 Nemes. M. Aur. Olympius Nemesia- 
 
 nus. poet, 
 Nep. Cornelius Nepos, biographer, 
 
 Nigid. P. Nigidius Figulus, philos. 
 
 Novat. Novatianus, chr. nrriter, 
 
 Non. Nonius Marcellus, gram, be- 
 
 tween 2nd and 5th cent. A.D. 
 Obseq. Julius Obsequens, writer De 
 
 Prodigiis. 
 Ov P Ovidius Naso, poet, 
 
 „ A. .\ . .\r9 AniHtorfa 
 
 ., Am.. Amores. 
 
 „ Cons., Coneolatio. 
 
 „ Fast, or F., Faati. 
 
 „ Hal.. Halieuticon. 
 
 ., H., Heroides. 
 
 „ lb., Ibis. 
 
 „ Med., Medicamtna. 
 
 „ M.. Metamnrphoses. 
 
 „ Nnx, Nui Elepia 
 
 ., Pont.. Enistolae ex Ponto 
 
 „ R Am., Kemedia .^moris. 
 
 „ Tr., Tristia. 
 
 „ 
 
 „ 290 
 
 „ 
 
 „ 16 
 
 •• 
 
 „ 250 
 
 
 „ 4°o 
 
 ijb. 
 
 ,. 104 
 
 fl. 
 
 ,. 4; 
 
 „ 
 
 ., 2JO 
 
 J, 
 
 „ 2?0 
 
 ob. 
 
 B.C. 202 
 
 fl, 
 
 A.D 288 
 
 „ 
 
 B.C. 44 
 
 „ 
 
 .. 64 
 
 ,, 
 
 X.D. 2 51 
 
 ob. 
 
 18 
 
 A. P., Ars Poetica. 
 
 Carm Sec, Carmen Secnlare. 
 
 Ep., Epistolae. 
 
 Epod., Ep*jdi. 
 
 Od., Odae. 
 
 S., Sstirae. 
 
 Pac. or Pacuv. 
 Pacat. 
 
 Hyg. 
 
 C. Julius Hyginus. poet and 
 fabulist. 
 
 fl. A.D. 4 
 
 Ast.. Astronomla. 
 F., Fabellae 
 
 Hyg. 
 Inscr. 
 
 Hyginus Groniaticus, writer on 
 
 surveying. 
 Inscripti^nes. 
 
 Pall. 
 
 Papin. 
 Paul. 
 Paul. Nol. 
 
 Paul. Vict. 
 Pers. 
 Petr. 
 Phaedr. 
 Plaut. or PI. 
 
 Don., Donii. 
 Fabr.. Fabretti 
 Graev., Graevii 
 Grat., Gruteri. 
 Gad., Oudii. 
 Maff., Maffieii. 
 Hnrat, Hnratorii. 
 Orell., Orelli. 
 Kein., Reinesii. 
 
 B.C. 154 
 A.D. ,'91 
 
 „ ; 50 
 
 „ 200 
 
 ,. 210 
 
 „ 4?' 
 
 „ J90 
 
 „ 62 
 
 „ 66 
 
 „ i; 
 
 B.C. 184 
 
 Isid. 
 
 Isidorus Hispalensis, gram. ob 
 
 6?6 
 
 Orig., Orieines. 
 
 Jabol. 
 
 Jomand. 
 Julian. 
 
 J U.St. 
 
 Justin, or Just. 
 
 Juv, 
 
 Laber. 
 
 l>act. 
 
 l.ampr 
 
 Leg. XU. Tab, 
 
 IJv 
 
 Uv Andron. 
 
 Lucan. 
 Locil. 
 
 Jabolenus or Javolenus Pris- 
 
 CHS, lawyer, 
 .Tornandes, hist. about 
 
 ■Salvius Julianus, lawyer, 
 Juslinus, hist, (date unknown) 
 Justinianus, emperor, 
 D. Junius Juvenalis, poet, 
 C. Decius Lalierius, mimo- 
 
 grapher, 
 T.,. Coelius Laclantius Firmi.-*- 
 
 iius, Chr. mriter, 
 Aelius Ijimpridius, hist, about 
 Leges duodecim tabularuni, 
 Titus Livius Patavinus, hist. 
 Livius Andronicus, writer of 
 
 tragedy, 
 M. Annaeus Lucanus, poet, 
 C. Eunius Lucilius. satirist. 
 
 fl. 
 
 „ 
 
 i?o 1 
 
 
 »» 
 
 •• 
 
 148 
 
 
 ob. 
 
 '» 
 
 565 
 
 
 fl. 
 
 •• 
 
 82 
 
 I'lin. 
 
 ob 
 
 •• 
 
 4? 
 
 
 fl. 
 
 " 
 
 {OI 
 
 29} 
 
 I'lin. 
 
 
 B.O 
 
 4?o 
 
 
 ob. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 n 
 
 I'liu. 
 
 fl. 
 
 RC 
 
 240 
 
 
 ob. 
 
 A.D 
 
 6? 
 
 
 M 
 
 B.C 
 
 IO{ 
 
 Pom 
 
 H.N. 
 
 M. Pacnvius. writer of Tragedy, 
 Latinus I'acatus Drepanius, 
 
 puiegyrist, 
 Palladins Hntilius Taurus, 
 
 writer on husbandry, perh. 
 about 
 Aemilius Papinius, lawyer, 
 Julius PauUus, lawyer, 
 Pontius Paulinus Nolanus, 
 
 Chr. writer. ob, 
 
 Paulus Victor, topographer, fl. 
 
 A. Persius Flaccus, satirist, ob. 
 
 T. IVtronius Arbiter, satimi, 
 Phapdrus,/a6Hii«<, A 
 
 T. Maccins Plautus, writer of 
 
 comedy, ob. 
 
 Amph. or Am., .\niphitruo. 
 
 Asin. or As., Asinaria, 
 
 Aul., Aulnlaria. 
 
 Bacch. or Bac.. Bacchi'les. 
 
 Capt., Capteivei. 
 
 Cas., Casina. 
 
 Cist., Cistellaria. 
 
 Cure., Cnrctilio. 
 
 Epid . EpidictiB. 
 
 Men., Menaechmei. 
 
 Merc., Mercator. 
 
 Mil., Miles Gloriosus. 
 
 Most., Moetellariu. 
 
 Pers.. Persa. 
 
 Poen., Poennlns. 
 
 Ps., Pseudolns. 
 
 Rnd., Rudens. 
 
 Stich., Stichus. 
 
 Trin., Trinumus. 
 
 True, TrtlcuJentus 
 
 (Ed. Taucbn.) 
 
 C. Plinius Secundus (major) ob. A.D. 79 
 
 NuturalU Historia. (Ed. Ian., Teiibner.) 
 
 C Plinius Caecilius Secundus 
 
 (minor). A- „ lOO 
 
 Ep. Epistolae. (Ed. Gierig ) 
 Pan.. Panegyricus. 
 
 Val 
 
 pon. 
 
 Plinius Valerianus. physician 
 jrd century ; or, ace. t» 
 others, 
 
 Sextus Pomponius, Unoyer, 
 
 „ 50O
 
 ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 XI 
 
 Pore. Lotro. M. Porcius I>atro, rhetoriciav. 
 
 Prise. Priscianiis. (irammaiian, 
 
 (Kd. Keil.1. 
 Prob. M. Valerius ProbuB, gram- 
 
 mariati (daK" iiiicpriain). 
 Prop. Sex. Aurelius Propertius, po«<, 
 
 Prud. Aural. Prudentius Clemens, 
 
 ''fir. t>oet. 
 Ps.-Quint. Pwudo-yuintiliaiins ; ilie au- 
 
 thor (or authors) unknown. 
 Dec!., Declamationes. 
 
 Publ. Syr. Publlus Syrus, mimographer, 
 
 Q. Cic. Quintus Cicero, brother of 
 
 ■TuUius, 
 Pet. CouBul., De Petitione Consulatiw. 
 
 Quint. M. T. Qiiintlliamis, rhH^rician, 
 
 Ruf. .Sextus Uufus, hist. 
 
 Rntil. Claudius Rutilius Numatia- 
 
 nus, pi>et. 
 Sail. C. Sallustius Crispus, hist. 
 
 „ C Oatiliiia. 
 
 „ Hi»t,. Historia. (Frag.) 
 
 „ J., Jn?urihn, 
 
 Saiv. Salvianus. Clir. tmiter, 
 
 Scaev. Q. Mucins .Scaevola, lawyer, 
 
 Scrib. Scrilwnins l-ar^ns, physician, 
 
 Scrr. Keel., Scriptores Ecclesiastici. 
 „ •Jram., „ Graramatici. (Edd. Putsch 
 
 and Lindemann.) 
 „ Gromat., „ Gromatici. (Ed. Goes.) 
 „ R. K., ,. rei rusticae. (Ed. Bipont.) 
 
 Sedul. Coelius Sedulius, Chr. poet. 
 
 Sen. M. Annaeus Seneca, rhetor- 
 
 ician, 
 
 „ Contr.. r'oiilroveisiae. 
 „ Saa§., Safbiunae. 
 
 L. Annaeus .Seneca, philoso- 
 pher. 
 
 Ben.. I)e Beneticiis. 
 
 Brev. Vit., De Breritate Vitae. 
 
 Clem., de Clementia. 
 
 Cons, lid Belv., Consoiatiu ad Helviam 
 
 Cons, ad Marc., Consolatio ad Maniam. 
 
 Cons. aU Puly., Consolatio ad Polybuiiu 
 
 Const.. De Constantia Sapieiitis. 
 
 Ep.. Epistolae. 
 
 Ira or Ir., de Ira. 
 
 Mort. Claud., De Morte Claudii Caa*. 
 
 S. Q.. Naturales Qneetiones. 
 
 Ot. Sap., De Otio Sapientis. 
 
 Prov., De Providentia. 
 
 Tranq., De TranquiUitate Anim. 
 
 Vit. Beat., De Vita Beata. 
 
 :jen. Ij. Annaeus Seneca, ivriter of 
 
 tragedy (ace. to some, iden- 
 tical with the philosopher). 
 
 . Agam., Agamemnon. 
 
 „ Hern. Fur.. H^-rcuJee Furens. 
 
 „ Here. Oet.. Hercules Oetaeus. 
 
 „ Hippol.. Hippolyms. 
 
 „ Med.. Medea. 
 
 „ Octav., Octavia. 
 
 „ Oedip., Oedipus. 
 
 .. Piioen., Phoenissae (or ThebaiB) 
 
 „ Thyest.. Ttiynstes. 
 
 „ Troa<i.. Truades. 
 
 Ser. Samm. Q. Serenus Sammonicus, phy- 
 
 sician , 
 
 Serv Servius Maurus Honoratus, 
 
 grammarian, 
 
 Sev. Cornelius Severus, poet, 
 
 Sic. Fl. Siculus Flaccus, ivrittr on sur- 
 
 veying, 
 
 Sid., SidoD. Sidonius Apolllnaris, Chris- 
 
 tian writer 
 
 fl. 
 
 BC. 
 
 «1 
 
 Sil. 
 
 C. Silius Italicus, pot-t. 
 
 ob. 
 
 A.n. 
 
 too 
 
 
 .\.l>. 
 
 44° 
 
 Sisenn. 
 
 L. Cornelius Sis^-iiiiM, hist. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 and oratiir. 
 
 fl. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 -8 
 
 
 
 
 Sol. 
 
 C. Julius Solinus, gram. 
 
 ., 
 
 A.D. 
 
 2J8 
 
 
 
 
 Spart. 
 
 Aellns .Spiirtianus, bivgraphrr . 
 
 ., 
 
 „ 
 
 19J 
 
 " 
 
 B.C. 
 
 A.n 
 
 JO 
 
 197 
 
 Stat. 
 
 ,. Ach.. Achilleifl. 
 .. Silv. or 8.. Silvae 
 
 P I'.ipinius Statius, i)««<. 
 
 •• 
 
 ■' 
 
 «7 
 
 
 
 ,. Theb. or Th.. TlieliaLi. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Suet. 
 
 C. Suetonius Tranqnillus, bio- 
 grapher. 
 
 
 
 116 
 
 
 
 
 Sulp. 
 
 Sulpicius Severus, christian 
 
 
 
 
 >• 
 
 B.C. 
 
 44 
 
 Syiniu. 
 
 iiTiter, 
 y. Aurelius Symmachus, ora- 
 
 - 
 
 " 
 
 400 
 
 ob. 
 
 •• 
 
 4! 
 
 Tac. 
 
 tor, etc. 
 C. Cornelius Tacitus, hist. 
 
 M 
 
 •• 
 
 m 
 
 ,, 
 
 A.D. 
 
 118 
 
 „ A., Annates. 
 
 perh. 
 
 ob. 
 
 •■ 
 
 ll3 
 
 fl. 
 
 •• 
 
 J64 
 
 „ Agr., Agricola. 
 „ a., Ciermania. 
 „ H.. HUtoria. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■• 
 
 ■• 
 
 410 
 
 „ Or„ De Oratoribus. 
 
 
 
 
 ob. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 H 
 
 Ter. 
 
 P Terentius Aler, writer of 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 comedy. 
 
 M 
 
 BC. 
 
 '59 
 
 
 
 
 ., Ad., Adelphi. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ., And., Andria 
 
 
 
 
 
 fl. 
 
 A.t). 
 
 41s 
 
 „ Eun., Eunuctius. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ob. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 82 
 
 „ Heaut., Heaut«>ntimurainenu9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 „ Hec, Hecyra. 
 
 
 
 
 
 fl. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 4J 
 
 „ Ph., Ptiormio. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ter. Maur. 
 
 Terenlianus MaurtiA, y>uin. 
 
 fl. 
 
 A.D 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 
 Tert. 
 
 (^. Scptiniius Klorens Tertul- 
 lianus, Chi . writer. 
 
 
 
 '95 
 
 
 
 
 Theod. Prise. 
 
 Theodorus Priscianus, physi- 
 cian. 
 
 1* 
 
 
 19: 
 
 " 
 
 *l 
 
 450 
 
 Tib. 
 
 Albius TibuUus, poet. 
 
 ob. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 
 Titinn. 
 
 I'itlnnius, wrriter of comedy. 
 
 fl. 
 
 ,, 
 
 no 
 
 ■■ 
 
 " 
 
 «5 
 
 Treb. Poll. 
 Turp. 
 
 I'rebellius PoUio, hist. 
 Sextus TurpUius, ivriter of 
 
 •■ 
 
 A.D. 
 
 J 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 comedy. 
 
 ob. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 101 
 
 
 
 
 UIp. 
 
 Domitius Ulpianus, lawyer. 
 
 „ 
 
 A.D. 
 
 228 
 
 ob. 
 
 " 
 
 65 
 
 Val. Cato, 
 
 Valeri us Cato, pijet, abou t 
 
 fl. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 80 
 
 
 
 
 Val. Kl. 
 
 C. Valerius Klaccus, poet. 
 
 „ 
 
 A.D 
 
 •JO 
 
 
 
 
 Val. Max. 
 
 Valerius Maximus, hist. 
 
 „ 
 
 „ 
 
 26 
 
 
 
 
 Varr. 
 
 M. Terentius Varro, writer on 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 husbandry, etc. 
 
 ob. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 
 „ L. L., De Lingua Latiua. (Ed. MuUer, 18J3). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 „ R. B.. Do Re Rustica. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Veg. 
 
 F. Renatus Vegetius, writer 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 De Re .Mililari, 
 
 fl. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 {86 
 
 
 
 
 Veg. 
 
 P. Vegetius Renatus. writer 
 De He \'eterinaria (his date 
 is uncertain, but was long 
 subsequent to that of the 
 preceding author). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Veil. 
 
 C. Velleius Paterculus, hist. 
 
 „ 
 
 
 ?o 
 
 
 
 
 Venant. 
 
 Venantins Fortunatus, chr 
 poet. 
 
 
 
 600 
 
 
 
 
 Ver. Flac 
 
 Verrius Flaccus, gram. 
 
 ,. 
 
 B.C 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 Virg. 
 
 P. Virgilius Msltu, poet. 
 
 ob. 
 
 .. 
 
 «9 
 
 
 
 
 „ Aen., Aeneis. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 „ (3at., ('atalecta 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 „ Cir.. Ciris. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 „ Oop.. Copa. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 „ E., Eclogae. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 „ G. (Seorgica. 
 
 
 
 
 
 „ 
 
 l> 
 
 212 
 
 „ Mor. or M., Moretum. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Vltr. 
 
 \'itruvius PoUio, xoriUr on 
 
 
 
 
 fl. 
 
 >» 
 
 J95 
 10 
 
 
 architecture, 
 
 (Ed. Schneider.). 
 
 a. 
 
 •f 
 
 zo 
 
 
 
 
 Vop. 
 
 Flavins Vopisciis, hiU. 
 
 
 A.P 
 
 106 
 
 •■ 
 
 »• 
 
 100 
 
 Vulc. G.1II 
 
 Vulcatiiis Gallicaiius, histo- 
 rian, about 
 
 
 f 
 
 29> 
 
 ob. 
 
 »• 
 
 482 
 
 Vulg. 
 
 Biblia VulgaUe Editionis. 
 
 

 
 OTHER ABBREVIATIONS, SIGNS, ETC. 
 
 a, (»• act., active, -ly. 
 
 abbrev., abbreviated, -ation. 
 
 abl., ablative. 
 
 absol. or abs., absolute, -ly, i. e. without 
 
 case or ai^unct. 
 abstr., abstract 
 ace, accusative or according. 
 ActaSyn. honl. \' ti Synodi Dorcire.ht- 
 
 ensis. 
 a4)., adjective, -ly. 
 
 adv., adverb., -ial, -ially, o)- adversus. 
 Ains., Ai., Ainsworth. 
 al., alii or alia, others or other, 
 al. leg., alii legunt. 
 aualog., analogous, -ly. 
 anat., anatomical, 
 ant., antiquities. 
 ap., apud (In). 
 app., appy., apparently, 
 appel., appplUtive. 
 arch., arcli.iii' 
 
 archit., arcliit i ture, -tural. 
 art., articlt- 
 Aug., All' 
 
 bot. or bui "' .iiical. 
 
 Bau., Bauer. 
 Blumen., Blnmenbach. 
 Calv. Inst.. Calvin, Institutio Chr. Rell. 
 
 glonis. 
 card., cardinal, 
 cf., confer (compare) 
 class., classic, -al. 
 col., column, 
 collat., collateral, 
 collect., collective, -ly 
 com., comic, or in comedy, 
 comm. or c, common gender. 
 comp., comparative, compound, 
 compel., compound, 
 conj., conjunction, or conjugatUiu. 
 constr., construed, -ctlon. 
 contr., contracted. 
 Corp. Conf., Corpus Confessionum. 
 correl., correlative, -ively. 
 corresp., corresponding. 
 Cuv., Cuvier. 
 dat., dative. 
 
 1 lucang. or 1 )u C, the Lexicon of Ducange . 
 decl., declension, 
 defect., defective, 
 demonstr., demonstrative, 
 dep., deponent. 
 dep„ depend., dependent, 
 deriv., derived, -ative, -ation. 
 Diet. Ant., Smith's Antiiiuities. 
 diff., different. 
 dim., diminutive. 
 disyl., disyllable, -abic. 
 distr., distributive. 
 
 Diid. or DMerl., Doderlein's Synonyms. 
 Donaldson, Varr., Donaldson's Varro- 
 
 nianus. 
 dub., doubtful, 
 eccl., ecclesiastical, 
 ed., editio. 
 
 e. g., exempli pratia. 
 ellipt., elUptii.il -ly. 
 Eng., English. 
 Epith., Epithet. 
 
 =r, equivalent to, or identical with, 
 equiy., equivalent. 
 Erasm, Coll., Krasmi CoUoquia. (Ed 
 
 Tauch.) 
 esp., especially, 
 etc, et cetera. 
 etym., etymology, -leal, 
 euphon., euphonic, -ny. 
 ex., exx., example, examples, 
 expr., express, expressed. 
 
 cxtr., quite at the end. 
 
 Fabr., Fabricius. 
 
 f. or fem., feminine. 
 
 fig., figure, -ative, -ativcly. 
 
 fin. or ad fin., at or towards the end. 
 
 finit., finite (opp. to infinitive). 
 
 foil., following. 
 
 fr., from. 
 
 Forcell., Fore, Forcelliui. 
 
 Fr., French. 
 
 fragm., frag., or fr., fragmenta. 
 
 freq., frequentative or frequent, -ly. 
 
 fut., future. 
 
 gen., genitive, generally, generic— in 
 
 gen., in a general sense, 
 geog., geography, -ical. 
 Georg. or G., the Genn.-Lat. Lexicon of 
 
 Georges, 
 ger., gerund. 
 Germ., German. 
 
 gr. or gram., grammar, -ian, -atical. 
 Gr., Greek. 
 
 Hab., Habicht's Synonyms, 
 hist., history, -ian. 
 hypoth., hypothetical. 
 i. e., id est. 
 i. q., idem quod, 
 ib., ibidem, 
 id., idem. 
 
 impeiat., imper., imperative, 
 iniperf., imperfect, 
 impers., impersonal, -ly. 
 incep., inceptive, 
 iiideil., indeclinable, 
 iiidef., indefinite, 
 indie, indicative, 
 inf., infinitive. 
 
 init., in or ad init., at ..r near the begin- 
 ning, 
 inscrr., inscriptions, 
 interj., interjection. 
 
 interrog., interrogative, -tion. j 
 
 intrans., intransitive. j 
 
 1. q., idem quod. 
 irreg., irregular. 
 ICtus, Juris consultus. 
 jurid., juridical. 
 
 Kr., Kraft's Germ.-T.,at. Lexicon. 
 lang., language. 
 Ijit., Latin. 
 L. G., Student's Latin Grammar by Dr. 
 
 Smith and Mr. Hall. 
 1., lege or lectio, 
 leg., legit, legunt, legal 
 L. or Linn., Linnaeus, 
 lit., literal, in a literal sense. 
 I. c. or loc. cit., loco citato, 
 m. or masc, masculine. 
 Madvlg, Madvig's Latin Grammar, 
 math., mathematics, -ical. 
 Mayiie, Mayues Expository Lexicon. 
 Med. Lat., Mediaeval l.atin. 
 med., medio (in the middle); ad med., 
 
 near the middle, 
 medic, medical. 
 
 met. or metaph., metaphorical, -ly. 
 melon., by metonymy, 
 railit., military, in military affairs. 
 M. L., Modern Latni. 
 min., minor. 
 Mosh., Mosheim. 
 MS., manuscript. 
 Mur. or Muret., Muretu*. 
 Nagels. or Nag., Stilistikof Nagelsbach. 
 naut., nautical, 
 n. or neut., neuter, 
 neg., negative, -ly. 
 nom., nominative. 
 
 num. or nunier., numeral. 
 
 0. E., Old English. 
 
 obj. or object., objective, -ly. 
 
 obs., observe. 
 
 opp., opposed to, opposite, -tion 
 
 ord., ordinal. 
 
 orig., origin, original, originally. 
 
 P., Futschius, (^rammaticae Latinae 
 
 Auctores, Hanov. i6o;. 
 p., page, 
 part., participle, 
 partit., partitive, 
 pass., passive, -ly or passim. 
 pert., perfect, 
 peril., perhaps, 
 pers., personal, -ly. 
 
 philos., philosophy, -ical, -Ically, -opher 
 i'hr.. Phrase, Phrases. 
 Phys , physical, -ly. 
 pleon., pleonastically. 
 pi., plu. or plur., plural, 
 poet., poeta, poetical, -ly. 
 pos., positive, 
 praef , piaefatio. 
 pieced., preceding, 
 prep., preposition, 
 prob., probably, 
 prol., prologus. 
 pron., pronoun, 
 pronom., pronominal, 
 prop., proper, -ly, in a proper sense, 
 proverb., proverbial, -ly. 
 t^uich. or Q., the French-Latin Lex. ol 
 
 Quicherat. 
 qs., quasi. 
 
 q. v., quod vide, videas. 
 K. and A.. Riddle and Arnold. 
 rad., radical or root, 
 rar., rare, -ly. 
 ref., refer, -ence. 
 reflect., reflective, -tively. 
 rel., relative. 
 
 rhet,, rhetor., rhetoric, -al ; in rhetorlu 
 Rom., Roman. 
 Ruhnk., Ruhnken. 
 rt. root, 
 sc, scilicet. 
 
 Schleusn., Schleusner's New I'est. L«x 
 Spreng., Sprengel. 
 sq., sequens (and the following) 
 s., sou. 
 
 s. v., sub voce. 
 
 sign., signif., signifies, -cation, 
 sing., singular. 
 SS., Sanctae Scripturae. 
 subaud., subauditur. 
 subject, or subj , subjective, -ly. 
 subj., subjunctive, 
 subst., substantive, -ly. 
 suff., suffix. 
 
 sup., superlative or supine, 
 syl., syllable, 
 syn., synonym, -ymous. 
 syncop., sync, syncopated. 
 t. L, technical term, 
 term., termination, 
 theol. theological, 
 trans., transitive, 
 transf., transferred, 
 trisyl., trisyllable, -abic 
 Tursell., I'urselllnus. 
 usu., usual, -ly. 
 
 v., verb, vide; or vox; also, very, 
 voc, vocative. 
 Vulg., Vulgate. 
 
 Wahl, Wahl's New Test. l.«xicou. 
 VVytt. or Wyttenb., Wytlenbach. 
 Zumpt, Zunipt's Latin Grammai.
 
 AH 
 
 ENGLISII-LATIX DICTIONARY. 
 
 A. 
 
 A first letter of the a'phaliet. A, 
 f inded.f. (sc. litiera). more fre- 
 qnently ri.,Cic. • I'lisc: to make the mark 
 off'i' /'■fin- A. litti-ram A iiiiprimcre, Cic. 
 a, '"■ (before vowi'is ) an. : I. As 
 the iniiefinitp article prefixed to a sub- 
 stantive employed to designate «>'//- 
 onr of a species, it has no represen- 
 tative ill I./;itiii, which in such cases 
 employs the singular number of the 
 substantive alone . he. bore pain as a 
 mav, tulitdolorera ut vir.Cic. : a Greek, 
 Graecus ; a Roman, Homanus. ||, 
 Even when a definite single object is 
 spoken of, the indefiiiite article is usu- 
 ally unrepresented in Latin ■ there uas 
 a great plain, and in it a tolerabl y large 
 eitrthen elevation, planities erat magna ei 
 in ea tumulus terrenus, satis grandis, 
 Caes. Ill, Sometimes, however, when 
 special attention is to be directed to the 
 object, aliquis or quidam is employed in 
 a sense nearly equivalent to our expres- 
 sion, a certain ; the Peripatetirs main- 
 tain that there is in the minds of men, 
 as it Here, a divine I'oicf;, Peripatetic! 
 censent esse in mentibus bominum tan- 
 qiiam oraculum aliquod, Cic. : a (certain) 
 soldier of the tenth legion, quidam ex 
 militibus decimae legionis, Caes. |V. 
 When used distributively, as in the 
 phrases once a year, so much a head, etc., 
 it must be e.xpr. with the help of a dis- 
 tributive numeral : as the price of com 
 had noif risen to ;o dU^narii a bushel, jam 
 ad denarios L in singulos modios annona 
 pervenerat, Caes. : he promises to the 
 soldiers four jugers a man. militibus 
 pollicetur quati-rna in singulos jugera, 
 Caes. : if ye are nilliiig to quit Sagun- 
 tum unarmed idlli tiro dresses a piece, 
 si inermes cum hinis vestinientis velitis 
 ab .Sagunto exire, Li v. Phr. r ticice a 
 day, bis in die. Cic. ; bis die, Tib. . once 
 a month, .semel in mense, Cat.: tu-ice 
 a TtMnth, bis in mense, Plin. . twice a 
 year, bis in anno, Varr., Cic. ; bis anno, 
 Plin. V. When referring to a particular 
 thing : IS, ea, id : a certain reicard and 
 not a small one, certa merces nee ea 
 parva, Cic. : a thing u-hich ica? easy to 
 be done, id quod facile factu fuit, Cic: 
 at such a time, id temporis, Cic. : of such 
 a kind, id genus, Cic. — Note. The ordi- 
 nary indef. art. must on no account \>e 
 translated by unus : v. sikglk, indi- 
 
 VIDUAL. 
 
 abacus : Sbacus • Pers. 
 
 abaft (.adv.), in the hinder p rt of a 
 ship. Phr.: to sit ab., in pnppi sed- 
 ere, Virg. ; ab. the mast, *post, pone 
 malum . v. BEHtND. 
 
 abandon : \. To forsake, leavt 
 behind, or cease to aid and protect : 
 1, rglinqiio, liqui, lictum, j (usu. 
 without any notion of neglect : v. to 
 leave): ab.'d possessions, relictae pos- 
 sessiones, Cic. Rome must be ab.'d, Ro- 
 ma relinquenda est, Ov. : to ab. the 
 standards, signa r., Liv. Adv. omni- 
 no, plane, prorsus. 2. derelinquo, 
 
 liqui. etc. (usu. implying neglect) ice 
 sa"! n. Gracchus ab.'d by Q. Tulwro, 
 ri.Gracchum a Q. Tuberone derelictum 
 videbamus, Cic.: an uncultivated and 
 ab.'d soil, incultum et derelictum solum, 
 Cic. : ab.'d not only by all good fortune, 
 hit even by all hope, ab omni non modo 
 
 ABATE 
 
 fortuna Teruni eti:un spe derelicli, Cic. 
 
 3. desfiro, sfirui, sertnni, ; (usu. 
 implying faithlessness) ■ do m.t ab. thy 
 brother, ne desere fratrem, Virg. • Varus 
 is ab.'d by his men, de»eritur a suis 
 Varus, Caes. . to ab. a cause, causam d., 
 Cic. : to ab. the path of virtue, viam vir- 
 tulis d., Hor. Adv. plane, oninino. 
 
 4. destituo, til, iituni. j (often 
 stronger than desero): to ab. his de- 
 fenders in the most critical moment of 
 danger, defensores suos In ipso discri- 
 mine periculi d., Liv.: he complains 
 that he has been ab.'d, quod sit desti- 
 tutus querltur, Caes.: the water had 
 ab.'d its channel, aqua alveum desti- 
 tuerat, Liv. |j. To give up or over. 
 
 1. dedo, dedidi, deditum, } : to ab. 
 a person to anyone's cruelty, hominem 
 crudelitati alicujus ded., Cic. : to ab. one- 
 self to pleasures, voluptatibus se d.,Clc.; 
 to ab. oneself to idle7iess, desidiae se d., 
 Cic. : V. TO SURRENDER. 2. abjiclo, 
 jeci, jectuin, j (lit. to throw atray): to 
 ab. the design of malcing war, consilium 
 belli faciendi ab., Cic; Hor. 3. rS- 
 linquo, j : to ab. a siege, obsidionem r., 
 Caes. : to ab. a tear, bellum r., Cic. : to 
 ab. the city to plunder, urbem direp- 
 tioni r., Cic. : to ab. a project, inceptum 
 r., Virg. 4, de.s6ro, j : to ab. one's 
 right, suum jus d., Cic. : to ab. life, vi- 
 tam d., Cic. 5. dimitto, misi, mis- 
 sum, } : to ab. all hope, omnera spem 
 di., Caes. 6. omitto, j: he ab.'d the 
 blockade of our meti, obsessionem nos- 
 trorum omtsit, Caes.: to ab. pleasures, 
 voluptates om., Cic. Join; relinquere 
 et prodere, Cic. : deserere et derelin- 
 quere, Cic— Xote. Relinquo, dimiito, 
 omitto, abjicio denote simply to leave 
 off, give up : desero and destituo, to 
 abandon wilfully. 
 
 abandoned : j. ''a^t- ■■ forsaicen, 
 
 derelictus, Caes. : descrtus, Cic. : v. 
 ABAKDON. II. Adj. : extremely wicked, 
 perdltus : ab. designs, p. consilia, 
 Cic. : ab. manners, perditi mores, Cic. : 
 
 v. UNPRrxCIPLED. 
 
 abandoner; deserter : an ab. of his 
 
 \friiiids, amicorum d., Cic. 
 
 abandoning, abandonment: 1. 
 
 r61ictio: the ab. and betrayal of one's 
 consul, r. proditioque consulis sul, Cic. 
 
 2. derelictio : the ab. of the general 
 interest, communis ulilitatis d., Cic. 
 
 3. <lt;stiiutio : Cic: .Suet. 
 
 abase : v. to humble, lower. 
 
 abasement: humiliation, depres- 
 sion : 1, humililas, iitis, f. : abase- 
 ment of thf senate, li. senatus, Sen. 2. 
 demissio: ab. of mind, d. animi, Cic. 
 
 3, d^ectlo : ab. of mind, dej. ani- 
 mi. Sen. 
 
 abash: to make ashamed: v. tocok- 
 FOLNr>, SHAME. Phr. to ab. anyone, 
 alicui ruborem incuteie, l,iv. : / am 
 abashed, rubor sulTunditur mihi, Sen. 
 
 abate : A. 'i" '" " n s. |. To 
 
 lessen, mitigate: 1. imminfio, fii, 
 iitum, j: something is a.'d from the 
 pleasure, imminuitin- aliquid de volup- 
 tate, Cic. 2. laxo, i : to ab. a portimi 
 of one's toil, sibi 1. aliquid laboris, Liv. : 
 to abate one's anger, irain 1., Stat. 
 3. rcinitto, misi, missum, j : to ab. 
 something of their former valour, ali- 
 quid ex pristina virtute r., Caes. : he 
 every day a.'d somen hat of his wrath, 
 quotidie aliquid iracundiae remittebat, 
 B 
 
 ABDICATE 
 
 Liv. II, to lessm the price of any- 
 thing : 1. remiito, misi, missum, j: 
 de sunima r., Cic. 2. deiraho, traxi, 
 tractum, }. ex summa d., Cic. 3, 
 imminuo, ui, utum, ;; summam i., Cic. 
 Phr.: I cannot abale a farthing, non 
 potest trioboluni hinc abesse, Plaut.: 
 V. ABATKME.NT (11.) B. lutrans. 
 
 to decrease in stietigth or violeticez 
 
 1, cfido, cficldi, casum, j : the vio- 
 lence of the wind wholly a.'d, venti vis 
 omnis cecidit, Liv. : has not your anger 
 a.'d,' non tihi ira cecidit? Liv. 2. 
 decedo, cessi, cessura, } (to depart 
 altogether): this anger ivill snon ab., 
 
 I decedet Jam ira haec, Ter : the quart- 
 an ague has a.'d, quarlana decessit, 
 
 'Cic. 3. imminuo, } (to /':&ser/); with 
 pron. refect. : when the grief has a.'iJL, 
 
 ! postquam se dolor imminuit, Ov. 4. 
 
 I inclino, i; with pron. reflect.: the 
 
 /ecer (X.'s, febris se incliiiat, Cels. 5. 
 laxo, I : prices had abated, annona lax- 
 averat, Liv. 6. remitto, i ; some- 
 times with pi-on. reflect. : the loind 
 had by chance a.'d, forte ventus remi- 
 serat, Caes. : Cic. : Ter. : the pain and 
 injiammation have a.'d, dolor et inflam 
 matio se remiserunt, Cels. 7. ""c- 
 
 spiro, I : the attack a.'d, oppugnatio re- 
 spiravit, Cic. 8. oubsido, sedi, ses- 
 sum, J : vices a'o., vitia s.. Sen. : Quint. 
 
 ' abatement; \. Decrease, dimii:ic 
 turn : 1. decessio or decessus, us; the 
 ab. of a fever, decessio or decessus 
 febris, Cels. 2. remisslo: the ab. of 
 a fever, r. febris. Suet. : of a disease, 
 morbi, Cic. • of a punishment, pocnae, 
 Cic. 3. deminutio; an ab. of taxes, 
 d. vectigalium, Cic : v. remission. ||. 
 Diminution of price, *remisslo: to make 
 an ab. of 10 per cent., *remissioneni 
 centesimarum deiiarum facere ; to make 
 an ab. in the price, *reniiltere de pretio 
 Indicate. |||. Legal t. t. failure: the 
 
 ' ab. of a writ, exceptio dilatoria, Gai. 
 the ab. of an action, actioiiis abolitio, 
 Dig. 
 
 i abattiSi concaedes, lum, /..• Tac. 
 A. I, ;o. : arborum dejectus, Cs, m., Liv. : 
 arboruni caedt s, is,/., Liv. 
 
 ! abbacy : 1. abbatia : Hier. 2 
 dioecesis abbatialis. Keel. : the ofice, 
 
 ' *ahhatis inuniis: tlie benefice, •bene- 
 ficiuni abhati concessum. 
 
 I abbess : 1. abhatissa : Hier. 2. 
 
 •antistita virginum sanc'arum : if the 
 
 abbess is a princess, regina abbatissa 
 
 (likeregina sacerdos in Virg.Aen. 1,27}). 
 
 abbey, abbatia, M.L. 
 
 abbot : 1. abbas, atis : Sidon. : 
 
 2. archimandrite, ae : Sidon. 
 abbreviate, imminiio, Oi, iitum, J : 
 
 an abbreviated word, verbuni imminu- 
 
 tum, Cic. : V. TO SHORTEN, CONTRACT. 
 
 abbreviation : 1. "'*• a<^' "/ short- 
 ening : expr. by, in breve coirere, etc. . 
 V. TO coNTKACT. See also contractu >y, 
 SHORTENING. 2, the thing shortened : 
 ablirerialions, nOtae, arum; sigla, orum. 
 
 Cod. Just. : V. SHORTHAND. 
 
 abdicate: |. rrans. i, aMico. 
 
 I (usu. with ace. of pron. reflect, and abl. 
 of the word denoting what is given up) 
 he a.'d his con.'^ulship. consulatu se ab- 
 dicavit, Cic. : Liv. .\lso with ace. of the 
 office; to a. the dictotors/iip, dictaturam 
 ab., Liv. : the ollice having been a.'d, 
 abdicate magistratu. Sail. 2. ^iirOi 
 I (prop, to sutar that one is not ablt 
 
 1
 
 ABDICATION 
 
 A B O L. F, 
 
 ABOUND 
 
 to perform the duties of an o;ffice ) ; 
 Silanus was compelled to a. his office, 
 adactiis Silanus ej. magistratum, Tac. : 
 PUn. II, Intrans. abdico, i: tlu: 
 consuls a.'d, consules abdicaveruiit, 
 Gic. 
 
 abdication ; abdicatio : the ab. of 
 the dit:tat()rsiiip, ab. dictaturae, Liv. 
 
 abdomen : abdiSmen, inis, n. : Plin. : 
 
 Juv. : V. BELLY. 
 
 abdominal; expr. hyginitivt of ab- 
 domen. 
 
 abduction: 1. raptus, us: the 
 ab. of a maiden, virginis r., Cic. : Ov. . 
 Tac. 2. raptio : Ter. 
 
 aberration: I. Departure or rmn- 
 dering from right, truth, etc., error: 
 ab. of mind, mentis error, Cic. : Hor. 
 II, Deviation from, a straight line: 
 only in the phrase, the ab. of light, 
 lucis decUcatio (c*". Lucr. 2, 249). 
 
 abet, to aid a person in his designs 
 (now usu. in a bad sense) : 1. ad- 
 smn, fui, with dat. : v. to side with. 
 2. adjiivo, juvi, jutum, i : now you 
 too abet this woman's madness, jam tn 
 quoque hujus adjuvas insaniam, PI. 
 Phr. ; to ab.a crime, ministrum esse 
 in maleficio, Cic. : v. abettor, v. to 
 
 aUPPOKT, MArNTAIN. 
 
 abettor (usu. in a bad sense) : 
 1. minister, iri (m.),and ministra (/.) . 
 the a.s and glares of seditions, ministri 
 ac servi seditionum, Cic: the a.s and 
 partakers of aimes, m. atque socii 
 scelerum, Lucr. : your family ought not 
 to have been the a. of this crime, huic 
 facinori tua domus ministra esse non 
 debuit, Cic. 2. satelles, itis, c. : a.s 
 of his power, satellites potestatis, Cic. 
 
 abeyance, be in : 1. jaceo, ui , 2 : 
 
 if an inheritance, has been in ab. for 
 any time, si jacuerit hereditas aliqiio 
 tempore, tllp. Hence, in a more general 
 sense : the lav)S were powerless, the 
 courts of justice in ab., leges nihil vale- 
 bant, judicia jacebant, Cic. 2. vaco, 
 I : the oumerahip of the estate is in ab., 
 fundi possessio v., Paul. Dig. Phr.: 
 inheritances in ab., hereditates caducae, 
 Cic. Phil. 10, 5. 
 
 abhor: abhorreo, 2 (with ace. or 06 
 with abl.) : all scorned him, all ab.'d 
 him, omnes ilium aspernabantur, omnes 
 abhorrebant, Cic. ; to ab. slaughter, a 
 caede abb., Cic. : v. to abominate, 
 DETEST. Phr.: to abhor any one, 
 aversissimo animo esse ab aliquo, Cic. : 
 aversissimum esse ab aliquo. Sen. : in- 
 visissimum habere, Sen. : we ab. gladi- 
 ators, gladiatores invisos habemus, Cic. 
 
 abhorrence: Phr.: to regard any- 
 one with great ab., aversissimum esse ab 
 aliquo. Sen. : v. aversion, detestation. 
 
 abhorrent. >• 6. inconsistent "urith : 
 allenus (usu. with ob or abl. alone) this 
 seems to me abh. to my way of life, hoc 
 mihi al. a vita mea videtur, Ter.: the 
 gods think this abh. to tfieir majesty, hoc 
 dii al. ducunt majestate sua, Cic. 
 
 abide: A. intrans. \, to dwell, 
 habito, I : Cic. : v. to dwell. ||, to 
 remain, stay, maneo, remaneo, mansi, 
 mansum, 2 ; Cic. : v. to remain, stay. 
 B. Trans. |. to await, q. v. ||. 
 sustain, q. v. |||, to abide by ; maneo, 
 sto (with in and abl.) . v. to adhere or 
 stand to. 
 
 abiding (.adj.): mansums (prop. 
 part, of maneo) ; a. love, m. amor, Ov. : 
 a. faith, friendship, m. fides, amicitia, 
 Claud.: Tac: v. continuing, constant. 
 
 abidingly: v. constantly, per- 
 manently. 
 
 ability: l.Poiver: 1, potestas, 
 pBtentia, facultas; v. power, oppoe- 
 tdnity. 2. opis, 6pem, ope /. (no 
 noOT. sing.) : to strive ivith one's utmost 
 ab., summa ope niti, Sail.: the contest 
 might seem scarcely within human ab., 
 vix humanae opis videri pugna poterat, 
 Liv. Phr.: to the jest or utmost of 
 one's ab., pro (sua) parte, Cic. : Ov. : 
 pro parte virili, Cic. ; Liv. : Ov. : pro 
 virili portioiie, Tac. ||. Mental ca- 
 pacity : ingenium : a man of very vi- 
 gorous ab., vir acerrimo ing., Cic : to 
 improve one's a.s, ing. acuere, Cic. : to 
 z 
 
 excel in ab., ingenio abundare, valere, 
 florere, plenum esse, Cic. Join: in- 
 genium et Industria, Cic. ' animi et in- 
 genii raotus, C'o. 
 
 abject • 1. abjectus : a?! ab. soul, 
 animus ali., Cic. 2. projectus: ab. 
 
 patience, p. patientia, Tac. 3. hu- 
 milis, e : to bear griefs with an ab. and 
 veak miiid, dolores" h. animo imbe- 
 cilloque ferre, Cic: a very ab. flatterer, 
 humillimus assentator. Veil. Join: 
 contemptus et abjectus, Cic. : abjectum 
 et humile cogitare, Cic: animus per- 
 culsus et abjectus, Cic. : humilis et ab- 
 Jecta oratio, Cic. 
 
 abjectly : 1. htimTIiter : to think 
 ab., h. sentire, Cic : to submit ab., h. 
 servire, Liv. 2. abjecte : Tac. 
 
 abjectness : humilitas : ab. and 
 earnest entreating, h. et obseoratio, Cic. 
 
 abjuration : ejuratio : the abj. of 
 hope, spei ej., Sen. 
 
 abjure : t" renounce upon oath, to 
 renounce solemnly : 1, abjuro, I (rem 
 alicui) : PI. : Cic. 2. ejuro or ej6ro, i : 
 to ab. one's children, liberos ej.. Sen. : to 
 ab. one's country, patriam ej., Tac. 
 
 ablative case: abiativus, i, m. 
 
 Quint. 
 
 able : I. Competent, having suffi- 
 cient power : potens, entis (with gen.): 
 the enemy, not a. either to fight or to 
 flee, are slain, hostes neque pngnae 
 neque fugae satis potentes caeduntur, 
 lAv. : Tac 2. potis, pote (but potis 
 is often used with neuter words, and 
 is rarely declined): usu. in connec- 
 tion with esse, expr. or understood • 
 tivo women are a. to give more trouble 
 than enough to a very great m.ul- 
 titude, duae mulieres maximo uni 
 poplo negoti plus satis dare potis sunt, 
 PI. : which is never a. to be separated, 
 quod nunquam potis est sejungi, Lucr. ; 
 710 force is a. to restrain Evander, 
 non EvcUidrum potis est vis uUa tenere, 
 Virg. II, I 'assessing ability of mind: 
 ingeniosus: v. clever, skilful. 
 
 able, be: 1. possum, psiui (with 
 
 irf.) : the Aedui ivere not a. to defend 
 themselves, Aedui se defendere non 
 poterant, Caes. : / ivas a. to reach the 
 boughs, poteram contingere ramos, 
 Virg. - V. can. 2. haljeo, 2 (with 
 relat. clause or inf.): I am not a. to 
 agree with you, non habeo quid tibi 
 assentiar, Cic. : / am a. to assert that 
 as certain, illud afOrmare pro certo 
 habeo, Liv. 3. queo, 4 (conjugated 
 like eo) : with inf. : I am nut a. to 
 write the rest, non queo reliqua scribere, 
 Cic. : Hor. (Nequeo : not to be ab. : v. 
 can-not") 4. val6o, 2 (usu. with ad 
 or inf.): you have been a. not only to 
 disregard the laws, but even to subvert 
 them, tu non solum ad negligendas le- 
 ges, verum etiam ad evertendas valuisti, 
 Cic : God is a. to change tJte lowest to 
 the highest, v. ima sunimis mutare 
 Deus, Hor. 5. suffTcio, feci, feclum, 
 } : we are not a. to strive against it, 
 nee DOS obniti contra sufficimus, Virg. 
 Phr.: he was not a. to pay, solvendo 
 non erat, Cic. : he is not a. to pay his 
 debts, solvendo aere alieno non est, 
 Liv. : to be a. to bear a burden, oneri 
 ferendo esse. Liv. 
 
 able-bodied : vaiwus : v. strong, 
 
 EFFECTIVE. 
 
 ablution: 1. lavatio, Pi. 2. 
 lotura, Mart. : Plin. 3. ablutio, Plin. : 
 
 V. WASHING. 
 
 ably : '• e. with ability, ingenlose : 
 your views are a. discussed, tractantur 
 ista in., Cic. 
 
 abnegation ; v. denial, self-denial. 
 
 aboard: Phr.: to go ab. a ship, 
 navem or in navem conscendere, Caes. : 
 Cic: agoing a., conscensio in naves, Cic. 
 
 abode : I. Continuance at a place, 
 mansio: v. residence, stay. ||. Dwell- 
 ing-place : 1, dSmicilium : PI. : Cic. 
 Fig.: Rome, the ab. of empire and of 
 glory, Roma imperii et gloriae d., Cic. 
 2, sedes, is, /. ; they pretended to 
 return to their own a.s, reverti se in 
 suas sedes simulavenmt, Caes. : Ov. : 
 V, house, residence, seat. 
 
 abolish : 1. toUo, sustau, subiatmn, 
 
 J : to ab. the dictatorship, dictaturam t., 
 Cic. : to ab. old laus, veteres leges t, 
 Cic. : to ab. friendship from life, t. ami- 
 citiam e vita, Cic: v. to take away. 
 
 2. abOleo, levi, lltum, 2 : to ab. an 
 office, magistratum ab., Liv. : v. to do 
 AWAY WITH, obliterate. 3. dis- 
 solve, solvi, solutum, j . to ab. the lawt 
 of Caesar, leges Caesaris d.. Cic. : to ab 
 religious observances, religiones d., Liv. . 
 to ab. the royal power, regiam potes- 
 tatem d., Nep. to ab. corporations, col- 
 legia d., Suet. 4. exstinguo, stinxi, 
 stinctum, } : to ab. a law, custom, 
 legem, consuetudinem ex., Cic. 5. 
 interimo, emi, emptum, j to ab. sacred 
 rites, sacra int., Cic. (rare in this sense). 
 
 6, perimo, etc. j . to ob. and do 
 away with games, ludos p. atque toUere, 
 Cic. : V. TO destroy. 7. abrogo, i 
 (to repeal a law), v. to abrogate. 
 
 8. extermino, 1 to ab. authority 
 from the stale, auctoritatem e civitate 
 ex., Cic. : v. to banish. 
 
 abolition : 1. abolltlo • the ab. of 
 tribute, tributi ab., i'ac 2. dissolutio • 
 the ab. of all laws, legum omnium d., 
 Cic. Phr: on ab. of debts, tabulae 
 novae, Cic. 
 abominable : 1. detestabiiis: v. 
 
 detestable. 2. infandus- ab.repasts, 
 i. e. of human flesh, infandae epulae. 
 Liv. 3. nefandus, nelarius : v. de- 
 testable, execrable. 
 
 abominably ■ nefarie : everything 
 that has been ab. and scandalously done 
 will be recounted, omnia commemora- 
 buntur quae n. flagitioseque facta 
 sunt, Cic. : impiously and ab., impie 
 n.que, Cic. 
 
 abominate: abomlnor, i, Liv.: V. 
 TO detest, execrate. 
 
 abomination: I. Great hatred. 
 abominaliu : Lact. v. hatred. ||. 
 
 That which excites hatred : 1, ngfas, 
 n. indecl. : Mercury, whom the Egyptians 
 consider it an ab. to name, Mercuritw 
 quem Aegyptii nefas habent nomlnare, 
 Cic. . the law has subdued the vile ab., 
 lex maculosum edomuit n., Hor. 2. 
 flagitium (an odious and disgraceful 
 crime) : a man thoroughly polluted 
 with crimes and ab.s, homo sceleribus 
 fl.que coutaminatissimus, Cic. : to do 
 and to speak ab.s, flagitia facere et 
 dicere, Cic. : Liv. 
 
 aborigines: 1. aborigines, um: 
 Cic. : Sail. 2. terrii OTli : Quint. 
 
 3. indigenae, arum : Virg. 4. 
 autochthones (avroxfloves) : Apul. 
 
 abortion: 1. abortus, tis: Ter. 
 Cic. 2. abortio: PI.: Cic. Phr. 
 to procure ab., abigere partum medica- 
 mentis, Cic. : fetus convellere, Ov. . 
 partum elidere, Cels. 
 
 abortion, causing : abortivus ; 
 
 Plin. : Juv. 
 
 abortive: ). Som prematurely, 
 abortivus; ab. ISisyphus, ab. Sisyphus, 
 Hor. II, Hesultless, unsuccessful, irrl- 
 tus: an ab. enterprise, ir. inceptum, 
 Liv. : ab. missiles, ir. tela, Virg. : to 
 render injustice ab., injurias ir. facere, 
 Cic • V. empty, vain. 
 
 abortively : v. in vain. 
 
 abound : 1. abundo, i : whether 
 nature falls short or ab.s, S've natura 
 deest, sive ab., Cic. : the needy abound, 
 egentes ab., Cic 2. abundS stun (ad- 
 sum) : with them everything bad ab.'d, 
 quibus mala ab. omnia erant. Sail. : 
 everything else ab.s. omnia alia ab. ad- 
 suut, Cic: also with gen. of thing: 
 terror and fraud ab., terronim et 
 fraudls ab. est, Virg. 3. supersum : 
 for ivhom su£h wealth existed and ab.'d, 
 cui tanta erat res et supererat, Ter 
 
 4. supero, I : moisture ab.'d in tht 
 fields, superabat humor in arvis, Lucr.: 
 leisure ab.s, otium s., Liv. 5. exiibSro, 
 I : in consequence of much learning ani 
 many arts, eloquence overflows and ab.t- 
 ex multa erudilione, ex multls artibu? 
 exundat et exub. eloquentia, Tac. : ridi- 
 cule ab.'d, ludicrum exuberabat, Suet. 
 
 6. affluo, fluxi, X1UD, } (rare in this 
 sense: v. to abouio) in) nature u
 
 yV B O L' N D I N 
 
 ABOVE 
 
 ABROAD 
 
 redundant and ab^, natura abundat 
 atqae aff., Cic. 
 abound in: 1. abundo, i (wiih 
 
 abl.): tu ab. in wealth, divitiis ab., 
 Ter. : the farm abj in swine, villa ab. 
 porco, Cic. t" i g. : the icoman ab.s in 
 boUintss, miilier ab. audacia, Cic; to ab. 
 in honours, genius, bonoribu-s, ingcnio 
 ab., Cic. : to ab. in love, amore ab., Ter. 
 
 2. afflud, fluxi, flu.xum, j : to ab. in 
 riches, honour, and glory, divitiis, ho- 
 nore. ot laude aff., Liicr. : to ab. in 
 pleasures, voliiptatibus aff., Cic 3. 
 
 circumflUD, etc. j (strmiger than preced- 
 ing) : to ab. IK all possible resources. 
 omnibus copiis c, Cic. Join: cir- 
 cumflucre el abundare,Cic. 4. C"- 
 
 beri>, I : Ihf trie ab.s in fruit, pomis 
 e.\. arbor, Virg. : the rank foliage ab.s in 
 sfuide, lu.xuria folioruni e.\. umbra, Virg. 
 
 5. suppedito, I ((o be well supplied 
 with: q. v.): in all these things we ab., 
 he is deficient, his rebus omnibus ni>s 
 8., eget ille, Cic. 6. scateo, 2 (to 
 bubble up, teem) : the citadel ab.s in 
 fountains, ar.x s. fontibus, Liv. : the sea 
 ab.s in monsters, s. belluis pontus, Hor. : 
 the .\ilt ab.s in fishes, Xilns s. piscibus, 
 Mel.; rarely and \met. with gen.: the 
 earth ab.s in n-ild beasts, terra ferarum 
 scatit (inste^id of scatet), Lucr. I'hr.: 
 the poems of l,ui:retius ab. in art, car- 
 mina Lucreti multae sunt artis, Cic. : 
 may sometimes be expr, with an adj., 
 as : to ab. in nuniey, pecuniosum esse : 
 
 V. WEALTHY. 
 
 abounding: I. '• q- abundant: 
 q. V. II. Alxiunding in, foU'iwed by 
 a subs. 1. abuiidans, ntis (usu. with 
 abl., also gen.): ab. in leisure, otio ab., 
 Cic: a route ab. in everything, via om- 
 nium rerum ab., Nep. : ab. in milk, lac- 
 tis ab., Virg. 2. afflilens, ntis (with 
 abl.) : a man ab. in goodness, homo 
 bonitate aff., Cic: a city ab. in very 
 learned men, urbs eruditissiinis homi- 
 nibus ab , Cic. 3. copiosus (with abl., 
 rarely with ab) : a toj- n ab. in provi- 
 sions, oppidum re cibaria c, Gell. : a 
 place ab. in corn, locus a frumento co- 
 piosus, Cic. : ab. in honourable accom- 
 plishments, artibus hoiiestis copiosus, 
 Tac 4, creber, bra, brum (with 
 abl.) : the south-nest u-ind ab in squalls, 
 c. procellis Afrieus, Virg. : Cic. : v. fre- 
 QfEXT. 5. fecundas (with abl. or 
 gen.): Calymne ab. in honey, fecunda 
 melle Calymne, Ov. : v. truitfcl. 6. 
 largus (with abl. or gen.): ab. in re- 
 sources, largus opum, Virg.: leaves ab. 
 in sap, folia larga succo, Plin. 7. re- 
 fertus (with abl.) : Xerxes ab. in all the 
 reivards and gifts of fortune, Xer.xes r. 
 ommbus praemiis donisque fortunae, 
 Cir. . a letter ab. in every charm, literae 
 r.oranisuavitate,Cic.: Tac— 06s. : may 
 sometimes be expr. bj' an adjectival 
 termination : as, ab. in money, pecu- 
 niosus, etc.; v. full of (fin.). 
 
 about: A. Prep. " |. Arou7id: 
 circa, circiim (with ace.) : they collected 
 xeood ab. the hut, ligna contiileiunt circa 
 casam, Nep.: her hair thrown back 
 carelessly ab. her head, capilltis circum 
 caput rejectus negligenter, Ter. jj. 
 In the neighbourhood of: circa, circnm : 
 ab. rivers and lakes there is frequent 
 mist, circa flumina et lacus frequens 
 nebula est. Sen. ; Veil. : / shall tai~ry 
 ab. these places, circum haec loca com- 
 morabor, Cic. |||. In attendance on : 
 circa, circum : he hat three hundred 
 unarmed youths ab. him, Ireceiitos 
 juvenes inermes circa se habebat, Liv. . 
 he always has a great t>ody ofcaiulry 
 ab. him, magimm numerum equitatus 
 circum se semper habet, Caes. JV. 
 JVear (in time) ; 1. circa, circiter 
 
 (with ace.) : ab. the same hour, circa 
 eandem horam, Liv. ; ab. the time of 
 Cicero, circa Ciceronem, Sen.: he led the 
 army back ab. noon, circiter meridiem 
 exercitura reduxit, Caes. 2. ad (with 
 occ). ■ ab.ei-ening, aA vesperum. Caes. : 
 tcAen he was ab. forty years old, quum 
 annos aii quadraginta natus esset, Cic. 
 3. dc (with abl.) : ab. midnight, de 
 ine>Ua nocte, Caes. ■ ab. the third watch. 
 
 de tertia vigilia, Caes. ; .Suet. 4. sub 
 (with ace. or aM.) : ab. night-time I'om- 
 pey sailed, Pompeius sub noctem naves 
 solvit, Caes. : ab. the same time, sub 
 eodem tempore, Ov. V. Respecting, 
 concerning: de (with aid.): a dream 
 ab. money, de argeiito somnium, 'I'er. ; / 
 wmidered ab. Itii/nysius, de Dionysiosum 
 admiratus, Cic 2. supfir (with ai/.): 
 / will write to you ab. this matter, liac 
 s. re scribam ad te, Cic. : often asking 
 many things ab. Friam, multa s. Priamo 
 rogitans, Virg. 3. circa (with ace: 
 rare), a dispute ab. xvords, c. verba 
 dissensio, Cjuint. 
 
 B. Adverb.: |. Of Place: in 
 combination with verbs : as, to walk 
 about, ride about, etc. These are in 
 reality compound verbs, and expr. in 
 I^atin by a single word, as deainbiilo, 
 circumvehor, etc. See to walk, ride, 
 etc. II, Of degree ; nearly : circa 
 (rare) : the victors slew ab. 500 Romans, 
 c. quingentosHonianorum victores ceci- 
 derunt, Liv. 2. circiter: he reached 
 the frontiers of the Jirlgae in ab. fifteen 
 days, diebus c quindecim ad fines Bel- 
 garum pervenit, Caes. : ab. a fourth 
 part was furnisheil with military wea- 
 pons, c pars quarta erat militaribus 
 arniis iiistructa. Sail. 3. fere : ab. 
 the fifth hour, quin'.a fere bora, Caes.: 
 for ab. 600 years, sexcentos f. annos, 
 Cic. 4. ferme : this happened ab. 
 two years ago, hoc lactum est f. abhinc 
 biennium, PI. ; ab. a half, pars f. 
 dimidia, Liv. 5. fortasse (like our 
 perhaps) : out of many brxiks of Jso- 
 crales he chose ab. thirty lines, elegit ex 
 multis Isocratis libris triginta f. versus, 
 Cic. 6. qniisi (prop, as it were) : J 
 hare collected ab. fifteen talents, quasi 
 talenta ad qtiiiidecini coegi, Ter. : at ab. 
 the bottom of the page, q. in extrema 
 pagina, Cic. 7. instar (prop, a 7ieut. 
 subst.^ likeness, and hence with gen.): 
 Tiro has ab. seventy of my letters, habet 
 Tiro instar septuaginta mearum episto- 
 larura, Cic. : v. AROUND. Phr.: tohave 
 one's wits ab. one, praesenti animo esse, 
 Cic. : to seize one ab. the midillt, me- 
 dium aliquem arripere, Ter. — X.B. The 
 two languages do not exactly corre- 
 spond in tlie uses of these words, and 
 hence the Knglisli adverb is sometimes 
 expressed by a Latin preposition, but 
 the examples are classified in accord- 
 ance with the English. 
 
 above: A. Prep. |. in a 
 higher place. 1. siiper (with ace, 
 rarely abl.); ab. the bricks hides are 
 draii-n, s. lateres coria inducuntur, 
 Caes. : Nomentanus was ab. him (at 
 table), Nomentanus erat s. ipsum, 
 Hor. : ab. whose neck a sword hangs, 
 ensis cui s. cervice pendet, Hor. 2. 
 supra (with arc.) : lie icho lives ab. 
 us, ille qui supra nos habitat, PI.; 
 ab. that place, supra eum locum, 
 Caes. II. In ah igher rank or degree : 
 
 1. super with ace. : ab. the usual 
 honours, s. solitos honores, Liv.: age 
 and beauty, and ab. all, the Roman 
 name, aetas et forma et s. omiiia Ro- 
 manum nomen, Liv. 2. supra (with 
 ace): to be raised ab. other mortals, 
 attoUi supra ceteros morUiles, Plin. : 
 
 3. prae (with abl.): he flowished 
 ab. the rest, prae ceteris floruit, Cic. : 
 ^'ifg- III' ^" greater yiumber or 
 
 quantity : 1. siipfir (with ace.) : ab. 
 60,000, s. sexagintii niilia, Tac. 2. 
 supra (with cue.) : ab. 20,000, supra 
 milia viginti, Liv. 3. amplius, plus- 
 quam; v. more than. |V. In ex- 
 cess: 1. super (with ace): ab. 
 measure, and almost ab. nature, super 
 modum ac paene naturam. Quint, 2. 
 supra (with ace.) : ab. measure, supra 
 modum. Liv. : v. beyond. V. Reyond, 
 out of the power or reach of: supra(with 
 ace) : ab. one's strength, supra vires, 
 Hor.; v. beyond. Phr.: ab.all thitigs, 
 ante omnia. Liv. ; summopgre. Cic : to 
 be ab. d/iing something ; v. to be abov e. 
 B. Adverb; |. Overhead: \, 
 supra ■ those parts which are below 
 what is swalloweit are dilated, while 
 
 those ab. are contracted, partes eae qaae 
 sunt intra id quod devoraiur, dilatantur 
 quae auteni supra, c<jntrabuntur, Cic: 
 aU these things which are ab. and be- 
 neatli, omnia haec quae s. et subter 
 (sunt). Cic. ; Caes. : Virg. 2. insufier : 
 huge htna piled ab., iiigens ins. Aetna 
 iniposita, Virg.: vails on every side and 
 a vaulted rooj al>. strengthen (the prison), 
 eum muniunt undique parieles atque 
 ins. camera, .Sail. 3. desuper (from 
 above) : tlune were found many uho 
 leaped into the plialanxes and wounded 
 (the enemy) from ab., reperti sunt com- 
 plures qui in phalanga^ insilirent et 
 des. vulnerarent, Caes. : Virg. 4_ 
 siipenie (from alxn-e) ; he plunges his 
 sword from ab. into his throat, gladiam 
 s. jugulo defigit, Liv. ||. Before: su- 
 pra ; what I wrote ab., quae s. scripsi, 
 Cic. ; Caes. 'I'he comparative, sup^rius, 
 sometimes occurs: / hare said ab. how- 
 much esteemed literature vat among 
 men, quantum valerent inter homines 
 literae dixi superius, Phaedr. 
 
 above) be, i- e- not to be v-illing to 
 condescend to something : 1. indignor, 
 I (with occ. or inf.) : to be a. sub- 
 milling to commands, ind. imperia, 
 Quint. : we must not be a. learning, non 
 indlgnandum est discere. Quint. ; Lu- 
 can. 2. dedigiior : v. to disdain. 
 
 abrade : abrado. rasi, rasum, j ; 
 Lucr. : Cic. 
 
 abraham'sbalm(alree):vitex,icis, 
 /. : I'lin. : vitex aginis castus. Linn. 
 
 abrasion: attriius, us: Piin. 
 
 abreast : P b r. : to walk ab. of 
 any one, latus alicui tegere, Hor. : both 
 the shipjs are propelled together and ab. 
 of each other, naves una anibae junc- 
 tisque feruntur frontibus, Virg. : the 
 beaks of the ships ab. (in a race), rostra 
 aequata, Virg. 
 
 abridge : 1. contraho, rraxi, 
 tractum, } : to ab. a spieech, orationem 
 c, Cic. ; Quint. 2. brevio, i : in a 
 paraphrase it is allowable to ab. certain 
 things, paraphrasi b. quaedam per- 
 mittitur. Quint. 3. epilomo, i: to 
 ab. a history, liistoriam ep., Treb. Poll. 
 4. rgdigo, egi, actum, i (with ad] : 
 Diophanes ab.'d those very books to six 
 books, hosce ipsos libros ad sex libros 
 redegit Diophanes, Varr. Phr.: to ab. 
 a book, *in compendium redigere. v. to 
 deprive, lessen, shorten. 
 
 abridger: breviaior: Oros. 
 
 abridgment : 1. epitome or 6pi- 
 tSma, Cic. 2. summarium. Sen. 
 3. breviarium, .Suet. ; Plin. 
 
 abroach: Phr.: / have set all the 
 casks abroach, relevi omnia dolia, Ter. 
 (rC'lino). 
 
 abroad : I. -''' '** "K" <""■ • *^ns : 
 
 bees feed ab., work within, apes foris 
 pasciintur, intiis opus faciunt, Varr. 
 II, Sot at home: fSris : Cicero came 
 to dine with us when Fomponia wat 
 dining ab., venit ad nos Ci<ero ad coe- 
 nam quum Pomponia foris coenaret, 
 Cic ; these pia-suits are sources of en- 
 joyment at home, and are no incum- 
 brance ab. (i. e. in public life), haec 
 studia delectant domi, non impedivmt 
 foris, Cic. |||. /" or to a foreign 
 country : foris and pCregie ; both dig- 
 nity at home and injluence ab. are 
 maintained, et domi dignitas et foris 
 auctorita.s retinetur, Cic; he fought 
 ab., peregre depugnavit, Cic : to go ab., 
 peregre proficisci. Suet. : Hor. |V. 
 From u-ilhin into the open air or in 
 public: fOras: the door has creaked. 
 Amphitruo is going ab., crepuit fori*, 
 Amphitruo ex"ii foras, PI. Phr. 
 to come ab., in medium procedere. 
 Cic: I know that you seldom appear 
 ab., scio te raro in publicum prodire, 
 Cic. 
 abroad, from: 1. "T's (fiK-)- 
 
 the art of the orator does not produce 
 these things, but yet he handles them 
 skilfully vhen brought to him from ab., 
 ea non parit oratoris ars, sed foris ad se 
 delata tamen arte tractat, Cic 2. 
 extrinsecus. a var threatening frnn 
 ab., extrinsecus immineiis belluin, Liv 
 
 i
 
 ABROAD, BE 
 
 ABSORB 
 
 ABSTRACT 
 
 3. peregre : o letter brought from 
 «b., epistola peregre allata, PI. . Liv. 
 abroad, be, or live ; 1. peregri- 
 
 nor, 1 : you seem, to bt livivg ab. in 
 a foreign state, not to be a public func- 
 tionary in your own, p. in aliena 
 civitate, non in tua magistratum gerere 
 videris, Cic. 2. patria tareo, 2 : Tac. 
 
 3. (poet.) peregrinum ducere coe- 
 lum, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 25. 
 
 abrogate ; 1. abrSgo, i (to repeal 
 a law u-holly, whereas devogo is to re- 
 peal partially) : to ab. {or repeal) the 
 ayrn-laws, leges frumentarias abr., Cic. 
 2. rescindo, scidi, scissum, i ■ to 
 ab. the acts of M. Jntonius, acta M. 
 Antonii r., Cic. ; to ab. decrees, decreta 
 r.. Suet.: v, rescind. 3. dissolvo: 
 
 ▼. ABOLISH. 4- tollO : ^'- REMOVE, 
 
 CANCEL. 
 
 abrogation : 1. abrogatio (rare) : 
 Cic; V. KKPE.Ai,. 2. aiuiquatio; the 
 ab. of penalties, poenarum antiquatio. 
 Cod. Theod. 
 
 abrupt: I. steep: praeruptus: 
 ab. 7-ocks, praerupta saxa, Cic. : v. 
 8TEEP, RUGGED. ||, Hasty, suddcn : 
 siibitus, repentinus : v. hasty, sudden. 
 III. Unconnected (of style): abnip- 
 tus: an ab. style, abruptum sermonis 
 genus, Quint. : ab. exordiums, abrupta 
 initia, Quint. 
 
 abruptly : siibito, repents: v. has- 
 tily, SUDDENLY. 
 
 abruptness: 1. steepness, q. V. 
 
 2. Haste, suddenness, q. v. 
 abscess : 1. abscessus, lis : Gels. 
 
 2, Abscesses, abscedentia, ium, 
 Cels. 3. apostema, atis, n.: Plin. 
 
 4. suppuratio ; Cels. : Plin. 5. 
 vQmica, Cic. : Cels. : Juv. 
 
 abscond (legal t. t.)-. l. lateo, 2: 
 
 who says that he has absconded with a 
 
 fraudulent intention ? quis est qui 
 
 fraudationts causa latuisse dicat? Cic. 
 
 2. latito, I : Cic. : v. withdraw, 
 
 CONCEAL ONESELF. 
 
 absconding: latttatio: Quint.: Ulp. 
 
 absence: I. a not being present-. 
 absentia : comjiare your ab. v-ith 
 mine, confer absentiam tuam cum mea, 
 Cic. II. A being abroad : peregiinatio : 
 Cic. III. Fig.: ab. of wiMK?, *animus 
 parum attentus, aliud agens. P h r. : in 
 the ab. of a person, aliquo absente, not 
 in absentia or per absentiam alicujus, 
 though these phrases occur in Curtius 
 and Justin: in the ab. (f him vho held 
 the chief command, eo absente qui sum- 
 mam imperii tenebat, Caes. : in the 
 ai). of the commander-in-chief, absente 
 imperatore, Caes. 
 
 absence, leave of: commeatus, Ss : 
 to give leave of abse^ice, commeatum 
 dare, Liv. : v. furlough. 
 
 absent: absens, eiitis: ab. friends 
 are {in one sense) present, and pom- ones 
 rich, et ab. amici adsunt, et egeiites 
 abundant, Cic. : she, thom/h ab., both 
 hears and sees him. in his absence, ilium 
 absens absentem auditque videtque, 
 Virg. ; P h r. : the ab. cui-e always in the 
 ivrong, *absentium nulla ratio. 
 
 absent, to be : absum, ablui : am I 
 ab. from home? (i. e. have T refused to 
 see you f), num ab domo absnm.' PI.; 
 when masters are ab., domini ubi ab. 
 Ter. : / am sorry that you have been 
 ab. from us so long, ego te abfuisse 
 tarn diu a nobis doleo, Cic. Phr. 
 (poet.) : / have been ab. the whole of 
 August, Sextilem totum desideror, Hor. : 
 to be absent from Home, Roma carere, 
 Cic. : from one's country, patria carere, 
 fac. li. To be abroad, peregiinor, i : 
 to be ab. in a foreign state, in aliena 
 civitate p., Cic. |||. Fig.: to be ab. in 
 mind, animo (animis) non adsum (o^.) : 
 so that you might perceive that he was 
 ab. in mind when the cause was con- 
 ducted by others, ut intelligeretis eum 
 non affuisse animo quum ab aliis causa 
 ageretur, Cic. 
 
 absent oneself; v. be absent: non 
 
 compargo. 2 : suspicion was roused 
 against those slaves who ab.'d them- 
 selves, suspicio in eos servos qui non 
 oomparebant commovebatnr, Cic. 
 
 absentee: I. one temporarily 
 ab., qui abest, qui non adcst. ||, 
 One who is habitually absent from his 
 proper residence or from his country, 
 peregrTnator : Cic. 
 
 absinth, absinthium: PI.': Lucr. ; 
 Plin. 
 
 absolute: I. Unconditional : 1. 
 piirus; an ab. decision, p. judicium, 
 Cic. : ab. freedom, p. libertas, Scaev. 
 2. absoliitus: / seem to see that 
 some necessities are contingent, others 
 simple and ab., mihi videor videre esse 
 quasdam cum adjunctione necessitu- 
 dines, quasdam simplices et ab., Cic. : 
 a true and ab. gift, vera et ab. donatio, 
 Paul. Dig. II, Uncontrolled (v. also, 
 supreme): Phr.: ab. power, infinita 
 potestas, Cic. : inf. imperium, Cic. : 
 dominatus, us : all things were in the 
 ab. pncer of one man, dominatu unius 
 omnia tenebantur, Cic. ; L. Brutus freed 
 the Roman people from the ab. power of 
 kings, }j. Brutus populum R. dominatu 
 regis liberavit, Cic. : also, d6minatTo : 
 Cic. : Liv. : tyrannis, Idis,/. ; to seize upon 
 ab. power, tyrannidem occupare, Cic. : 
 to aim at ab. power, tyrannidem affec- 
 tare. Quint. : an ab. master or ruler, 
 dSminus : he is the ab. ruler of a people 
 whom the Greeks call a tyrant,hic est 
 dominus populi quem Graeci tyrannum 
 vocant, Cic. |||, Complete, entire: 
 q. v. IV, Unconnected (gram. t. t.) : 
 *abs61fltus. 
 
 absolutely : I. unconditionally : 
 1, praecise : to refuse anyone ab., 
 alicui praecise negare, Cic: not ah., but 
 on condition, non praecise, sed sub con- 
 ditione, Ulp. 2. pOre : a contract 
 is made ab., p. contrahitur, Ulp.: nor 
 does it make any difference whether the 
 house has been beqiwathed to both ab., or 
 to one of them coiuh'tionally, nee inte- 
 rest p. utrique an sub conditione alteri 
 aedes legatae sint, Papin. Phr.: 
 some kinds of lairsuits are considered 
 simply and ab., others involve some 
 other sort of discussion also, quaedam 
 genera causarum simpliciter et ex sua 
 vi consideranlur; quaedam autem sibi 
 alind quoquc aliquod controverslae 
 genus assumunt, Cic. ||, Completely: 
 
 I. prorsum, prorsus ; / understand 
 ab. nothing, prorsum nihil intelligo, 
 Ter. : / understand ab. not a uord, ver- 
 bum prorsus nullum intelligo, Cic. 2. 
 pgnitus ; V. entirely. 3. Uquldo : 
 there are some things which I usually 
 ab. deny, others which I defend, alia 
 sunt quae 1. negare soleam, alia quae 
 defendam, Cic. |||, Without control : 
 Phr.: to rule ab., dSminor, i : excessive 
 power rules ab. in the state, nimia po- 
 tentia in civitate dominatur, Cic. : Cae- 
 sar alone ab. managed aU public affairs, 
 Caesar unus omnia in republica ad ar- 
 bitrium administravit. Suet. 
 
 absolution: \. Acquittal: q. v. 
 
 II, In special sense ; forgiveness of 
 sins, as announced by a priest ; esp. the 
 Pope : absOlutio, onis,/. : Eccl. Ph r. : a 
 2)ont!ficallctter of a., absHlutoTiiie Wterne 
 papae, Eccl. : also indulgentia papae, i.e., 
 a release from eccles. penalties, M.L. : 
 to seek or obtain absolution, *indulgentl- 
 am petere, inipetrare. 
 
 absolve : \. fo release, acquit : 
 q. V. II. To pronounce forgiveness, 
 as a priest : *veniam peccatorum dare 
 or impertire alicui : to be absolved, *pec- 
 catorum veniam inipetrare (v. forgive- 
 ness); in mediaeval Lat. absolvo is used 
 absolutely. 
 
 absorb: I. To drink in, as a 
 porous substance, etc. 1, bibo, bibi, j : 
 to ab. smoke, fumum b., Hor. ; of vooJs, 
 the black abs. no colour, lansiruin nigrae 
 nullum colorem b., Plin. 2. coni- 
 bibo, J . to abs. feU poison in one's body, 
 atrum veiienum corpore c, Hor. : the 
 altar had a.'d the blood, ara cruorem com- 
 biberat, Ov. 3. concIpio,cepi,ceptum 
 J, (poet.): the moistened earth ab.s the 
 falling tears, madefucta terra caducas 
 c. lacrimas, Ov. : Lucr. ||, To dri7ik 
 or SHolloiv up : haurio, absorbeo, com- 
 bibo, eblbo . v. to swallow up. |||, 
 
 F' i g. : to engross. 1. absorbeo, bui and 
 psi, ptum, 2 this man is ab.'d by the 
 love of glory (lit. the tide of glory has 
 swalloned him up), hunc absurbuit 
 aestus gloriae, Cic. 2. teneo,ui,ntum, 
 2 : to a. any one completely, aliquem 
 totum t., Plin. ep. . unless perchance a 
 man is a.'d by passion, nisi forte quem 
 libido t.. Sail. Phr.- this pursuit be- 
 comes more and more a.ing every day, 
 hoc studium quotidie ingravescit, Cic. : 
 thinking of some trifle or other and a.'d 
 therewith, nescio quid meditans nu- 
 garum, totus in illis, Hor. 
 
 absorbent (adj.) -. bibuius : a. sand, 
 arena b., Lucr. a. stone, b. lapis, Virg. 
 
 absorbent (subs.) :* absorbens, ntls, 
 «. : M. L. 
 
 absorption : expr. by part, of verb : 
 as, by the a. of smoke, colour, moisture, 
 fumum, colorem, humorem bibendo; v. 
 
 TO ABSORB. 
 
 abstain : 1. abstinSo, iii, tentum, 2 
 (usu. with abl., rai'ely gen. ; and often 
 with pron. reflect.) : I easily a.'d from 
 oysters and lampreys, me ostreis et 
 muraenis facile abstinebam, Cic. : to a. 
 from arms, se arrais abs., Liv.: to a. 
 from injustice, injuria abs., Cic. : to a. 
 from wine, vino abs., Hor. : a., he said, 
 from resentments and heated strife, 
 abstineto, dixit, irarum calidaeque 
 rixae, Hor. : to a. from suicide, manum 
 a se abs., Cic: they hardly a. from, 
 attacking the camp, aegre abs. quin 
 castraoppugnent, Liv. — N.B. The I>atin, 
 like the Knglish verb, is sometime? 
 used absolutely in the sense of " to 
 abstain from food :" Cels. : v. to fast. 
 
 2. parco, peperci and parci, par- 
 citum and parsuni, j {to spare : with 
 dat.) : to a. from labour, labori p., Cic. : 
 to a. from war, bello p., Virg. 3. 
 tempero : v. refrain. 
 
 abstemious: abstemms with gen. 
 (properly denoting abstinence from in- 
 toxicating drinks, as mulieres vinl ab- 
 stemiae, Plin.) : you being a. live upon 
 herbs and the sea-nettle, a. herbis vivis 
 et urtica, Hor.: being abs. he avoids 
 vine, and delights in pure water, vina 
 fugit, gaudetque nieris a. undis, Ov. : 
 V. moderate, temperate. 
 
 abstemiously: no exact word; to 
 live a., *parce et omissa palati volup- 
 tate vivere ; sunima in victu continentia 
 uti ■ v. ABSTEMIOUSNESS: may some- 
 times be expr. by adj. : see abste- 
 mious (init.). 
 
 abstemiousness: nearest expr., 
 continentia in victu (i.e. temperance in 
 diet), Cic. Tusc. 5, J4, 97 : but this re- 
 quires to be strengthened to expr. the 
 English, as, »* nimia, summa, austera in 
 victu c. Or expr. by phr. : as, he ivas 
 remarkable for his a., 'prae omnibus 
 cibi ac potus abstemius erat. 
 
 abstinence: I. in g«n. sense, 
 refraining from : best expr. by inf. 
 mood: as, a. from injury is always a 
 duiy, *injiiria abstinere semper oportet ■ 
 V. to ABSTAIN. II. Abstaining from 
 fiKid. 1. liiOilia til rominit suicide by 
 a. from food, inedia vitam tinire, Plin. 
 I'^p. J, 1, 1 : Cic. Fin. 5, 27, extr. 2, ab- 
 ^tinentia: to relieve fever by rest and 
 a., febreni quiete et a. mitigare. Quint. 
 (Cic. would probably have added victfis). 
 
 3, jejunium : v. fasting. 
 abstinent : abstinens, enlis (i.e. re- 
 fraining from all wrong gratification 
 of the passions) : Phr.: it is noble to be 
 abs., to restrain all one's desires, esse ab- 
 stinentem, contiuere omnes cupiditates, 
 praeclanim est, Cic. 
 
 abstinently: 1. abstinenter(i.e. 
 uprightly and purely) : Cic. 2. 
 
 continenterr v. temperately. 
 
 abstract ('••): I. To separate 
 from. 1. abstraho, xi, ctum, j . the 
 soul a.s. itself as much as possible 
 from the body, animus quam maxirae 
 se a corpore a., Cic. 2. abdiico, xi, 
 ctum, } : V. to draw off, separate. 
 II, Phil. (. f. : to consider a notion 
 in itself, apart from the concrete : co- 
 gitatione aliquid ab aliqua re separare, 
 Cic. . acie mentis a consuetudine sen-
 
 ABSTRACT 
 
 ABUSE 
 
 A C t E N T 
 
 sanni abducta aliquid considerare (based 
 on Cic). III. To fiUJi. away, to steal : 
 q. V. IV. '/b make an abridgement 
 
 of a book: V. TO ABKIDGE. 
 
 abstract iadj.)-. \. Mentally se- 
 parated : 1. cogitalioiie a re siiigiilari 
 Beparatus (comp. to alistract). 2. ab- 
 stractus : abs. quantity, a. quanlitas, 
 Isid. P h r. : the idea of God is a., 
 not sensible, species Dei percipitur cogi- 
 tatione, non seiisu, Cic.: and. notion, 
 *notiu cogitatiorie concepta et rebus par- 
 ticularibiis sejuncia; or simply as t. t., 
 notio abstracla (v. 2). 
 
 abstract (•••"''«.)■• v. ahiiidcemknt. 
 
 abstractedly; Pbr. : these things 
 
 differ abi. from one another, but are 
 closely comiected in reality, baec c<igi 
 tatione inter se diffcrueil, re quidem 
 copulata sunt, Cic. Tusc. 4, 11, 24. 
 
 abstraction: I. ^vnhdrawal in 
 gen. sense; c.\pr. by part of verb. v. TO 
 ABSTRACT. ||. I'hil. t. t. the act of 
 •xntemplatiiig a quidity or notion in it- 
 self: usu. e.\pr. by part of verb: as, the 
 power of a., *laiultas ea mentis cvyus 
 jpe per se et scorsura a rebus singulari- 
 Ous, notiones s. qualiti\tes considcran- 
 tur : or in lech, language, *abstrahendi 
 quae dicitur lacultas. I'hr. : mental 
 ibstrwtion, vclut alienatus ab sensu 
 inimus, Liv. i, 12. 
 
 abstruse : 1. abstrusus : a some- 
 what a. discussion, disputatio paulo ab- 
 strusior, Cic. 2. reconditus : a. and 
 laboriously arriifd at opinions, r. e.\- 
 quisitacque sententlae.Cic. • a.hanniig, 
 reconditae litterae, Cic: v. KEcoNmiK. 
 
 3. Obscurus. V. OBSOURE. JulU: 
 
 reconditus et pcnitus abstrusus, Cic. 
 
 abstrusely : '' li r. : to speak a., 
 •abstrusis atquealle repetitis sententiis 
 dicere. 
 
 abstruseness : obscurTtas : the a. 
 of the subjeet, luit the obscurity of lan- 
 guage, prevents the discourse from being 
 understood, reriun obs non verborum 
 facit ut non intelligatur oratio, Cic. : 
 
 V. OBSCURITY. 
 
 absurd : 1. absurdus : a silly and 
 a. reason, ratio inepta aique a., Ter. . 
 that (statement) how auredible, hoxu a.! 
 illud quam incredibile, quatn a.! Cic: 
 very obsurd, pSrabsurdus: these things 
 seem very a., haec videntur p., Cic. ■ 
 somewhat absurd, subabsurdus . Cic. 
 Quint. Join absurdus humo, res, 
 vox, sonus, factum, tempus: absonum 
 etabsurdum: incredilMle el absurdum, 
 Cic. 2. ineptus : v. silly. 3. in- 
 sulsus (prop insipid) : a most a. fel- 
 low : insulsissimus homo. Cat. : tliere 
 seem to be many a. things in the dis- 
 course, multa in sermone in. esse vi- 
 dentur, Cic. 4. ridlculus an a. 
 poem, r. poema, llor. : v. ridiculous. 
 
 absurdity ; I. H'an< o/" sense or 
 judgment: 1. ineptia: abs., folly, 
 
 ineplia, stnltitia, PI. : Ter. 2. in- 
 snlsita.s: you are v;eU acquainted with 
 the a. of the Greeks, uostis insulsitatem 
 Graecorum, Cic. ||. A71 absurd thing ; 
 ineptia : esp. in pi. : I d/m't know that 
 of aUa.s there is any greater, omnium 
 in. baud scio an ulla sit major, Cic. 
 Phr. : what absurdity! ridiculum 1 
 Ter : liiepte sane, Cic. 
 
 absurdly ; 1. absurdc ■ / kiiow 
 not how it is that nothing can be said so 
 a. as not to be advanced by some of the 
 philosophers, nescio quomodo, nihil tam 
 a. dici pot<st, quod non dicatur ab all- 
 quo philosophorum, Cic. : somewhat a., 
 subabsurde : Cic. 2. Inepte : to talk 
 a., in. dicere, Cic. : he attempts nothing 
 a., nil molitur in., Hor. 3. insulse: 
 to speak a., in. dicere, Cic. Phr. : to 
 talk a., nugas agere, Ter. ; obtusius 
 dicere, Cic. : v. nonsense. 
 
 abundance : 1, abundantla : a. 
 and plenty of aXl things, omnium renim 
 a. et copia. Cic. : a. of love, a. amoris,Cic. 
 2. copia (less strong than preced- 
 ing; v. surPLY): there was a great a. 
 of robbers in that country, magna c. erat 
 latronum in ea regione, Sail. : a. of 
 matter begets a. of u'ords, rerum c. ver- 
 boruiE c. gignit, Cic. 3. ibundg 
 
 (prop, an adv.): a. of prorisions, com- 
 nieatiis abunde, Sail.: there is a. of 
 fraud, fraudis a. est, Virg. 4. affil- 
 tlni (prop, an adv. ; or as two words, 
 ad fatim, to satisfy to a sufficient de- 
 gree : with gen.) : iliete is a. of wealth, 
 divitianim aff. est, PI.: a. of forces, 
 aff. copiarum, Liv. (Obs. Neither this 
 nor the preceding word can l)ecorae the 
 direct object ot a trans, verb: v. abun- 
 dantly). 5. affluentia: a. of all 
 things, omnium reruin aff., Cic. : I'lin. 
 J' h r. : to have a. of all things, omnibus 
 ri'bus abundare, afBuere, retertum ess<', 
 etc.: V. TO ABOUND: a. of moisture in 
 soil and sky, multus humor terraruin 
 coelique, Tac. : in c, ^bundS, affatim, 
 
 etc. : v. ABUNDANTLY. 
 
 abundant: 1. largus: a. /odtfcc, 
 1. pabul.i, Luer. : nhen tite sun kasjillid 
 the lands v ilh a. light, quura sol terras 
 1. luce compleverit, Cic. : an a. harvest, 
 1. messis, Ov.: a. produce, 1. fetu.s, 
 Virg. 2. amplus (i.e. ample, spa- 
 
 CKms: q. v.): a. ueallh, a. divitiae, 
 Hor.: jnore a. leaders, ampliores aquae, 
 Plin. 3. benignus : v. liberal. 
 
 4. cumulatus (lit. heaped up): a 
 measure, nuiisiira c, Cic; vwre a.glory, 
 gloria cunuilalior, Liv. 6. fecundus 
 (v. FRUiTEUi.) : a. cups, f. calices, Hor. : 
 a. gain, f. quaestus, Cic. : an a. spring^ 
 fons f., Ov. 6. grandis, e (usu. full- 
 grown): nurre a. produce, fetus gran- 
 diores, Cic. 7. opimus : a. uealth, op 
 divitiae, I'l.: a. and splendid booty, op. 
 et praeclaram praedam, Cic: Viig.- v. 
 RICH. 1' h r. . to possess a. talent, artt 
 etc., multi ingenii, multae artis esse, 
 Cic. 
 
 abundant, be ; siapSro, i : was 
 money a. f ^'ay, you were needy, pec- 
 unia liuperabat? at egebas, Cic." v. to 
 
 ABOUND. 
 
 abundantly, in abundance : 1. 
 
 abundanter : to speak copioii.^^/y and a., 
 copiose et a. loqui, Cic: to bear fruit 
 a., fructum a. ferre, Plin. 2. abunde 
 a. to satisfy, a. satisfacere. Cic. : to 
 whose lot fall pojmlarity, fame, in a., 
 cui gratia, fama contingit a., Hor.- Sail. 
 3. affatim : to satitfy anyone a., alicui 
 af. satisfacere, Cic. : to provide supplies 
 a., commeatuni af. parare. Sail. 4, 
 aflflut/nier Apul. : comp. affluentius, 
 Cic. lac. 5. copiose : to procure 
 food a.j c. comparare pastum, Cic. 6. 
 cumiilate (i. e. witfi heaped or overflow- 
 ing measure) • the farmers of the re- 
 venue have been a. satisfied, c. publi- 
 canis satisfactum, Cic. : to satisfy any- 
 one most a., alicui curaulatissinie satis- 
 facere, Cic. 7. leliciter (esp. of fruit- 
 ful production) : grapes are produced 
 more a., veiiiunt felicius uvae, Virg. 
 
 8, large : to give a., I. dare, Cic. • 
 having drunk too a., potus largius 
 aequo, Hor. 
 
 abuse (vo-b): \, To use badly, 
 misuse : abiitor, usus, j (with abl.) ; to 
 a. the laws, legibus a., Cic. : to a. any- 
 one's patience, alicujus patientia a., Cic. 
 
 II. 7b violate : abutor, illiido, com- 
 primo V. to violate. |||. To re- 
 vile : 1. malgdico (with cUjt.) : v. to 
 REVILE. 2. lacero, i . to a. a very 
 ex'-ell«nt man with insulting language, 
 optimum virum verborum contumeliis 
 1., Cic: to a. poems, carmina 1., Ov. 
 
 3. diffCro, disttili, dilatum, j. irr.: 
 slandeiousl y to a. any one, aliquem 
 maledicendo semionlbus d., Lucil. • 
 
 Tac. : V. TO DEFAME. 
 
 abuse (^"fts.) •■ I- Wrongful usitig : 
 expr. by itif. or ger. of abulor as, 
 such a use of the laics is an a. of them, 
 *legibus ita uti est abuti . by the a. of 
 the laws, *lcgibus abutendo v. to 
 ABUSE. II, A co)-rupt practice : per- 
 versus nios, raoris : unless, percliance, 
 you are able by an a. to take from my 
 client what belongs to him, nisi forie tu, 
 p. more, qiKjd hiijus est, huic eripere 
 potes, Cic. III. KeproacJiful language : 
 1. contuinelia: to annoy a person 
 with every kind of a., aliquem onuiibus 
 c. vexare, Cic. 2. maledictum : v. 
 REVILING. 3. probrum : v. insult. 
 
 IV. I'erversion of meaning : d^pjgm 
 viitio: the defender complains that he 
 is hard pressed, not by the fact, but by 
 the a. of a word, defensor non re sed d. 
 verbi se tirgeri queriiur. Cic. Auct. 
 Her. 
 
 abuser: |. In gen. sense- as, 
 the a. of friendship, qui amicitia abuti- 
 tur ; V. TO ABUSE. ||. A reviler, 
 
 slanderer : q. v. 
 
 abusive : 1, contumeuosus • how 
 
 a. in his edicts ! quam - in ediciis ! Cic. : 
 letters a, against any one, episiolae in 
 aliquem c, Cic. 2. malediceus, 
 
 malfdicus ■ v. ."scurrilous. Phr.. 
 a. eluqaence, eloquentla canina. Quint. 
 
 abusively: 1. wmtumeliose : to 
 
 speak ab. of t/ie absent, de abseniibus c. 
 dicere, Cic: Liv. 2. maledice: to 
 speak ab. and spitefully, m. ac maligue 
 loqui, Liv. : Cic. 
 
 abut : V. TO ADJOIN, B^iRDER ON. 
 
 abutment (of a bridge) . 'pihi cnl 
 aniiiiilur extrema pars poniis. 
 
 abutting : contemiinus (with dat.) -. 
 a house ab. on our land, domus terrae 
 c nostrae, Ov. r v. adjoining. 
 
 abyss : 1. barathrum (poet) : the 
 glowing a. (of Klna), caiidens b., Sil. : the 
 frightful a. (of Tartarus), immane b., 
 Virg. : Pi. Fig.: to throw into an 
 a. (i.e. squander) irhatever you ptjssess, 
 baralhro donare quidquid babes, Hor. 
 2. guiges, itis, m. (prop, a raging a., 
 a whirlpool) : the turbid a. seethes with 
 mire, turbidus coeno aestuat g., Virg. . 
 Jrom the deep a., g. ab alto, Virg. . often 
 used fig.: to pour one's weadlh into an 
 utterly bottomless a. of lusts, divitias 
 in profundissimum libidinum g. pro- 
 fundere, Cic: that a. (i.e. profiigate 
 spendthrift), and glutton, ille g. atquc 
 heluo, Cic 3. prSfundum (fig.). 
 blame nature, which, as Uemocritus 
 says, has utterly concealed truth in an 
 a., naiuram accusa, quae in profundo 
 veritatem, ut ait Democritus, penitus 
 abstruserit, Cic. : an a. of wretchedness, 
 p. niiseriarum, Val. Max. 4. v6rago, 
 inis,/. (a devouring a.) : the horse sunk 
 in the a.s, submersus est equus voragi- 
 nibus, Cic: Virg. Fig.: an 0. or 
 
 gulf of vices, vorago aut gurges vlti- 
 onim.Cic. 
 
 acacia: acacia Plin. 
 
 academic: I. HeUmging to the 
 Acailemy of Plato, academicus, Cic: 
 the A. philosophy, Academia, Cic. . an 
 A. philosopher, Academicus, Cic. ||. 
 Belonging to any learned society: aca- 
 demicus . an a. dress, *habltus a. . an 
 a. senate, Senatus academicus. 
 
 academically : •Academicomm 
 mori'oc ritu : *ut solent Acadt-mici. 
 
 academician : a memiier of an 
 
 Academy, vir in collegium doitorura 
 cooptatus (cf. Cic Brut. 1,1) acade- 
 niiae sodalis or socius. 
 
 academy :_ I, ^e Academy at 
 Athens, Academia . Cic. . Liv. ||, A 
 school, schola ludus : v. school. |||, 
 A society of learned men: v. society; 
 the Jioyal Academy, 'regia pictorum 
 societas, or collegium • the academy qf 
 sciences, *academia liberalium artluro. 
 
 acatalectic: acataiecticus or acita- 
 lectus: Diom. Prise. 
 
 accede: v. to agree, .vssknt; 
 
 JOIN. 
 
 accelerate : 1. acc^lgro, i : to 
 
 a. a march, iter a., Caes. 2. appr6- 
 pgro, I ; to ac. death, mortem ac. . 'I'ac 
 
 acceleration ; acccieratio ; Auct. 
 
 Her. . or expr. by part of verb (v. to 
 accelerate) ; as, it causes an a. of 
 motion, *efficit ut motus atceleretur: 
 an ac. qf motion is iiwvitable, •fieri non 
 potest quin motus celeritas augeatur: 
 
 etc. V. haste, HASTENING. 
 
 accent (subs.) |. in speaking, 
 1. VOX, vocis, /., s6nus, i, or vOcis 
 sonus : nature itself has placed an 
 acute a. on every word, ipsa natura In 
 omni verbo posuit acutam voceni, Cic : 
 acute and graix a.s, acutae gravesque 
 v., Cic. : the Uiree OJ, the circumtlex, 
 the acute, the grave, ties s., inflexufi, 
 acutus, gravis, Cic. 2. t£nor, orifc
 
 ACCENT 
 
 ACCESSIBLE 
 
 ACCIDENT 
 
 Quint.: Piom. 3. tonus, i: Diom. 
 4. accentus, us ; an acute ac., ac. 
 acutus, Diom. : a grave ac., ac. gravis, 
 Diom. : a circumjiex ac., ac. circuni- 
 flexus or inflexus, Diom. : nords of this 
 kind are dislinguished by difference of 
 Q.S, voces hujuscemodi diversitate ac- 
 centuum separantur, (jell. (The follow- 
 ing passage from Gellius, ij, 6, contains 
 various synonymes for accent : quas 
 Graeci irposwSi'as dicunt, eas veteres 
 docti turn notas vocum, tum modera- 
 menla, tum accentiunculas, turn vocu- 
 latioues appellabant). ||, An accen- 
 tual mark in vyriting ; caciimen, inis, 
 n., or fastiglum : Capell. (The term apex 
 is used by Quint, to denote quantity 
 marks employed to dislinguisli words 
 otherwise written alike ; as malus and 
 malus, etc.). |||, A peculiar tone in 
 ipeaking, the a. peculiar to a people, 
 sonus, i ; they have preserved the a. of 
 the Greek language, s. linguae Graecae 
 integrum servaverunt, Liv : a rude ac- 
 cent, soni asperiLas, Tac. : a country 
 accent, soni rusticitas. Quint. : rather a 
 country accent, s. subrusticus, Cic. 
 P h r. : poets horn at Cordova having a 
 certain broad and foreign a., Cordubae 
 Dati poetae pingue quiddam sonantes et 
 peregriimm, Cic. : to have quite a coun- 
 try a., sonare subagreste quiddam pla- 
 ueque subrusticum, Cic. |V. ia»i- 
 guage, expressions, q. v. 
 
 accent (I'erb). |, In speaking, 
 iicuu, J : to accent a syllable, syllabam 
 acuere, Quint. : Gell. Also, certum vocis 
 admovere sonum, Cic. Or. 17, 55. ||. 
 Ill writing : fastigo, 1 : Mart. Cap. : *ap- 
 ponere syllabae notam. 
 
 accentuate : v. accent. 
 
 accentuation: I. in speaking; 
 accentus, us: Quint. ||, The marking 
 of accents in writing: expr. by part 
 of verb (v. to accent) ; very careful in 
 ihe a. of syllables, * in syllabis acueudis 
 diligentissimus. 
 
 accept : I. ^0 take what is offered 
 w given: 1, accipio, cepi, ceptum, i : 
 to a. money, pecuniam a., Cic. : whatever 
 has been given openly and rightly by 
 him, I liave ivillingly a.'d, ab illo aperte 
 recte quicquid est datum, libenter 
 accepi, Cic. to accept terms from an 
 enemy in arms, ab hoste armato con- 
 ditionem a., Caes. : to a. an apology, a. 
 excusatlonem, Cic. ; satisfactionem a., 
 Caes. : to a. an omen, omen a., Cic. : 
 Liv. : the republic has a.'d me as surety 
 for the young man, me pro adoles- 
 centulo respublica accepit vadem, Cic. : 
 to a. often, or habitually, accepto, i : 
 PI. : Quint. 2. recipio, cepi, etc. } : 
 <j> a. flattery and be pleased with it, 
 assentationem r. atque ea delectari, 
 Cic. . / am excluded, he is a.'d, ego 
 excludor, ille recipitur, Ter. : v. to 
 «ECEivE. P h r. : not to a. battle, 
 pugnam detrectare, Liv. ; certamen de- 
 trectare, Tac; proelium detrectare. 
 Just. : to a. an office, munus suscipere, 
 Cic. : v. UNDERTAKE. ||. To regard 
 with favour; v. to favour. |||, To 
 understand in a particular sense ; v. 
 
 TO UNDERST.\ND. 
 
 acceptable: 1. acceptus (with 
 
 dat.) : hivitiacus was a. to the common 
 people, Divitiacus plebi a. erat, Caes. : 
 Bomulus was by far the mosta.ofaU 
 to the feelings of the soldiers, Romulus 
 longe ante alios acceptissimus militum 
 animis fuit, Liv.: nothing is more a. to 
 God than the meetings and assemblages 
 of men, nihil est Deo acceptius quam 
 concilia coetusque hominum, Cic. 2, 
 griitus (with dat.) : u'hose services, al- 
 though they have often been more plea- 
 sant to mc, were never yet more a., cujus 
 ofBcia Jucundiora licet saepe mihi fue- 
 rint, nunquam tamen gratiora, Cic. : 
 koiv many have thought it pious and 
 most a. to the gods to sacrifice human 
 beings l quam multi homines Jmmolare 
 et pium et diis gratissiraum esse dux- 
 ernnt ! Cic. : the ivy is most a. to Bac- 
 chus, hedera est gratissima Baccho, Ov. : 
 very a., pergratiis, Cic. : v. agreeable, 
 pleasant; and foil, art.— Note. Ac- 
 6 
 
 ceptus stands to gratus in the same re- 
 lation as an eftect to a cause. He who 
 is gratus, that is dear to me, is for that 
 reason acceptus; I accept or receive him 
 with pleasure. Hence we always find 
 gratum atque acceptum : never the 
 contrary order. Quod approbaris, id 
 gratum accepiunique habendum, Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, 15, 45: munus eorum gratum 
 acceptumque esse, Nep. Hann. 1. 
 
 acceptable, be: piaceo : v. to 
 
 PLEASE. 
 
 , make, probo, 1 (with 
 
 dat. of person to whom) : to make my 
 services a. to P.Servilius, officinm nieum 
 P. Servilio p., Cic. : in ichich embassy 
 Ligarius made himself a. both to his 
 countrymen and to the allies, qua in 
 legatione Ligarius et civibus et sociis se 
 probavit, Cic. 
 
 acceptableness : '*'• agreeable- 
 
 NESS, pleasantness. 
 
 acceptably: ex (alicujus) sententia. 
 V. satisfactorily. 
 
 acceptance : I. The act of ac- 
 cepting, acceptio : neither a surrender 
 nor a gift can be understood without a., 
 neque deditio neque donatio sine a. 
 intelligi potest, Cic. : a. of bail, satis 
 acceptio (or as one word, satisacceptio), 
 Pomp. Dig. II. Approval, q. v. ap- 
 probdtio: Cic. \\\, A written prmaise 
 to pay : v. bill. 
 
 acceptation v. acceptance, 
 
 MEANING. 
 
 accepter : qui acciplt : an ac. of per- 
 sons, acceptor personarum, liccl. ; a 
 female ac, acceptrix, icis : Pi. 
 
 access : I. I-i 1 1. approach, or the 
 way by which a thing may be ap- 
 proached: and Fig. liberty or means 
 of approach : 1, aditus, us : he has 
 been more difficult of a., a. ad eum diffi- 
 ciliores fuerunt, Cic: meri are not 
 allowed a. into tliat shrine, a. in id 
 sacrarium uon est viris, Cic. : merchants 
 have no a. to them, nullus a. est ad eos 
 mercatoribus, Caes. Fig.: a. to the 
 consulship, a. ad consulatum, Cic. 
 2. accessus, iis : to give or deny a., 
 a. dare, negare, Ov. : to examine every 
 means of a., omnem a. lustrare, Virg. : 
 explorare, Suet. 3. ^'ia: <" "'»« 
 
 highest excellence the a. is most easy, 
 hujus suniinae vinutis facillima est 
 via. Quint. : v. wat. Phr. : Without 
 a., invius (v. impassable, inacces- 
 siblk): to open up a. to a country, 
 make it accessible (q. v.), regionem 
 aperire, Liv.: Tac: prizes to which 
 mercenai-ies have a., praemia quae 
 stipendiariis patent, Cic. (v. to be 
 accessible) : a pilfering slave who has 
 a. to everything, furax servus cui nihil 
 sit occlusum, Cic. (v. to lock up). ||, 
 Return or jit of fever, accessus, iis. 
 Plln. : accessio, Cels. : impetus, us, (^ic. : 
 tentatio, Cic. Phr.: he had only one 
 access of fever, febris semel tantum ac- 
 cessit, Cels. 
 
 accessibility : facllltas (wh. in- 
 cludes all forms of courteousness : q. v.) 
 with some qualifying word as, f. aditus 
 s. adeundi. Phr.: he showed ready 
 a., cotispicuotis courtesy, aditus (ejus) 
 prompti (eraiit), obvia comitas, Tac. 
 (Acci'ssibilitas in Tert.) 
 
 accessible : I. Of places : that 
 
 can be readied. Phr.; an ac. place, 
 locus qui facilem habet adituni, Caes. ; 
 *ad quem patet, facilis est, aditus (w 
 access, 1). Fig.: pervius: nothing in 
 his house was venal or a. to undue in- 
 fluence, nihil in penatibus suis venale 
 aut ambition! pervium, Tac ||. Of 
 persons : easy of access, affable : fScilis 
 {\. affable) : or p h r. : ad quem facilis 
 est aditus (v. access) : qui facile dat 
 sui conveniendi cupiam : comp. Cic. 
 Phil. 8, 10 : homo obvius et expositus, 
 Plin. Ep.: a man who is not a., homo 
 rari aditiis, Liv. (Accessibilis in Tert.) 
 
 , to be : pateo, 2 : not 
 
 even to flight was there a place a., ne 
 fugae quidem patebat locus, Liv. : our 
 advantages are a- to the plebeians also, 
 mediae quoque commoda plebi nostra 
 patent, Ov. Phr.; nor is the place 
 
 a. to the winds, quo neque ventis est 
 aditus, Virg. : v. access. 
 accessible, to render : aperio, ui, 
 
 apertura, 4 : they rendered the icorld 0,. 
 by their army, aperuerunt armis orbera 
 terrarura, Liv. : to render nations and 
 kings a., gentes ac reges a., Tac. 
 
 accession : I. The act of joining : 
 usu. expr. by verb r as, because their 
 a. to our alliance had been voluntary 
 quia societatem nostram volentes acces 
 serant, Tac. : your a. to our party, *quod 
 in partes nostras transgressus es (trans- 
 iisti) II, A coming to power, regni 
 princlpium, Liv.: regni iiiilia, n. pi.. 
 Just. Phr.: on fits a. to the throne, 
 ex quo regnum accessisset, Liv.: ut 
 regnare coepit, Liv. : in the year of 
 Tarquin's a. to the throne, anno ex quo 
 regnare coeperat Tarquinius, Liv. |||. 
 Increase : 1. accessio : accessions of 
 fortune and dignity, accessiones fortu- 
 nae et dignitatis, Cic. 2. cimiilus: 
 you will have enhanced your great 
 kindness by a great a., magnum bene- 
 ficium tuum magno c. auxeris, Cic. 
 Phr.: thus two kings in succession in 
 different ways, the former by war, tfie 
 latter by pea/je, brought a.s to the state, 
 ita duo deinceps reges, alius alia via, 
 ille hello, hie pace, civiiatem auxerunt, 
 I,iv. : v. to increase. 
 
 accessory (adj-) ■ I. Additional. 
 Phr.: a. circumstances, adjuncta, 
 orum : Cic. : the ornamental accessories 
 of a uork of art, ilia quae in orna- 
 mentum operis accedunt, Quint, i, j, 6. 
 II, Privy to (of crimes) ; 1. 
 conscius (with gen. or dat.) : he thought 
 that C. Fairricius had been a. to that 
 crime, C. Fabricium conscium illi faci- 
 nori fuisse arbitrabatur, Cic. 2. par- 
 ticeps, ipis (with gen.) : v. accomplice, 
 
 accessory {suhs.) ; 1. auctor (either 
 in good or bad sense : one who moves or 
 instigates to) : an a. to the crime vas 
 not scanting, auctor facinori non deerat, 
 Liv.: Caes. 2. affinis, is (a party 
 to; implicated in: with gen. or dat.): 
 if you think that there are few a.s to 
 this crime you are greatly mistaken, 
 huic facinori si paucos putatis a esse, 
 vehtmentcr erratis, Cic: an a. to a 
 capital offence, rei capitalis affinis, Cic 
 3. conscius (/>ri"i!(/ to: with pen. or 
 dat.) : they had cmtdemned both Scaman- 
 der, the agent of Oppianicus, and Fabri- 
 cim, the a. to the crime, et Scamandrum, 
 ministrum Oppianici, et Fabricium, c. 
 maleficii, condemnarant, Cic. 
 
 , tbe being : consclentia • 
 
 the being a. to crimes of this kind, con- 
 scientiae ejusmodi facinorum, Cic. Clu. 
 20, ;6 : he has convicted himself of 
 the same crime, being a., eodem se con- 
 scientiae scelere devinxit, Cic. CoeL 
 
 21,52. 
 
 accidence : grammatices elgmenta, 
 Quint. I, 4, 6. 
 
 accident: I. ^n unforeseen or 
 inexplicable event : casus, us : he looked 
 for no a. of this kind, nullum hujus- 
 inodi c. respectabat, Caes. : an a. pre- 
 vented me from doing that, id c. quidam 
 ne facerem impedivit, Cic : usu. an un- 
 lucky event: if any a. should seiui the 
 boy to Orcus,' si quis c. puerum egerit 
 Oreo, Hor. : a serious a., gravis c, Cic. 
 
 II. Chance: q. v.: esp. in phr. by 
 accident: v. accidentally. Phr.: 
 the enemy commit the affair to the 
 chapter of a.s, hostcs rem in casum 
 ancipitis eventus committunt, Liv.: 
 by a lucky accident, forte fortuna, PI. 
 
 III, A non-essential property : 1, 
 acclderis, entis, n. : the a.s of things, 
 reruin accidentia, Quint. : to indicate 
 genus, as animai; or differentia, as 
 ratumal; or a., as an orator, genus 
 signiticare, ut animal ; aut differentiam. 
 ut rationale ; aut a., ut orator, Apul. de 
 syll. : the a.s of each substance, acci- 
 dentia uniuscujusque substantiae,Tert. 
 
 2. eventum (app. only in Lucr.) . 
 whatever things are sjioken of, you will 
 see are either essential qualities or as. 
 quaecunque clueut, aut coujnncta aul 
 eventa videbis, Lucr.
 
 ACCIDENTAL 
 
 ACCOMPLISH 
 
 ACCORDANCE 
 
 accideutal: I. Casual: 1. for- 
 tuilus (itusanii itus) ■.presentiments not 
 a., praise ntiones non f., Cic. : Hor. 
 2. temfirarius: it is not a. vhen 
 a rich man addresses a poor one kindly, 
 non I. est ubi dives blande appellat 
 pauperem, PI.: v. casual, fortcitous. 
 II. Xon-essential : adveiiUcUis : 
 rrhat is inborn and implanted is pre- 
 ferred to ukat is derived and a., iiinata 
 atque insita assumptis et a. anu-po- 
 nuntur, Cic. Top. i8, 69 : v. accident. 
 
 accidentally: 1. casu {aid. of 
 casus V. accidknt): to happen a., c. 
 mccidere, Nop. ; c. evenire. Sen. : to fall 
 to the ground a., c. procidere, Tac. : v. 
 BY chance. 2. forte : it a. happened 
 that, etc., f. evenit ut, etc., Cic: v. to 
 CHANCE. 3. forluito, or fortuitu : 
 the house vas in a blaze not a., donius 
 ardebat non fortuito, Cic: irhich ex- 
 pression did not, as often happens, 
 escape you a., quod verbum libi nun 
 excidit, ul saepe fit, fortuitu, Cic : to fall 
 a. (of lightning), fortuito cadere, Juv. ; 
 V. BV CHANCE, CASUALLY, AT RANDOM. 
 
 Join: casu et fortuito, Cic. ; temere et 
 fortuito, Cic. 
 acclamation. shoiUs of applause: 
 1. clamor (also of any 1,-ivd of 
 shouting) .- / spoLe of you with the a. 
 and Ofpeement nf the people, dixi de te 
 clamore oonsensuque populi, Cic. : the 
 a. of the joyful soldiers, clamor militum 
 gaudentium, Tac. : those brave men of 
 ours expressed their approval of that 
 act nnth loud as, nostri llli fortes viri 
 ma^o illuJ c. approbaTerunt, Cic: 
 u'hy make a long story of it f a.s 
 (folloued). Quid multa? clamores, Cic : 
 to gain a.s. clamores facere, Cic. Join: 
 clamor et plausus (plausus is clapping 
 of hands) : clamor et consensus. P h r. : 
 incredibili clamore et plausu aliquid 
 comprobare, Cic. : plau'^us et clamores 
 movere, Cic: ineenti omnimn clamore 
 atque assensu, Liv. : frequeiiti assensu 
 succlamatum est, Liv. 2. acclamatlo : 
 the aj of the multitude, acclamationes 
 mtlltitudinis Liv. fin Cicero always of 
 disapprobation). 3. conclamatio (ge- 
 neral a.) : to be saluted imperator by a., 
 [universi exercitus] conclamatione im- 
 peraiorem appellari, Caes. B. C. 2, 26. 
 
 acclimatized, become : ad coeii 
 
 naturam assuescere or assuetieri : v. to 
 
 BECOME ACCUSTOMED. 
 
 acclivitJ' : acclivltas : the a. of a hill, 
 a. ciillis, Caes. : v. slope, incline. 
 
 accommodate : |. To fit or 
 adapt (with ad and ace. or dat) : ac- 
 comm5do, l : / uill a. my plan to 
 yours, meum consilium acconuiiodaho 
 ad tuum, Cic. : to a. oneself to the \trill 
 of others, ad alioruni arbitrium se a., 
 Cic. T to a. the stories of the poets to 
 what we are saying, fabulas poetarum 
 ad ea quae dicimus a., Cic. ||. To 
 aecomnwdate oneself: 1. Sbedio, 4 
 (with iUU.) : to a. oneself to the tircum- 
 stances of many, tenipori multorum ob., 
 Cic. 2. servio, 4 (stronger tliau tbe 
 preceding, witb dat.): to a. oneself to 
 the times, tempori s., Cic. 3. mori- 
 gSror, I (with dat.): to a. oneself to 
 slavery, servituti m., PI. : to waive 
 one's right and a. oneself to any one, 
 de suo jure concedere atque alicui m., 
 Ter. : spt:ech ought to a. itself to the 
 pleasure of the ears, vohiplati aurium 
 m. debet oratio, Cic. : v. to humoub, 
 COMPLY WITH. III. To Supply, fur- 
 nish. 1. accomniOdo. I : I beg of you 
 to a. my friend in the matter of lodg- 
 ing, peto a te ut aniico meo de babi- 
 tatioiie accommodcs, Cic 2. com- 
 
 modo, I (wilh dat. of person, and usu. 
 occ. of thing): an ewmy a.s an enemy 
 with water, itqnam ho^lis h<>>ti com- 
 modat, PI. : to a. Coelias with gold, 
 *urutn CoeUo c, Cic. 
 
 accommodating ("<*;■) • 1. obs5- 
 quens, entis: a more a. mind,, animus 
 obseqiientior, Sen. 2. facilis, e: ana. 
 and generous father, f. et liberalis 
 pater, Cic : uhat shall I say alu'Ut his 
 most a. manners f quid dicam de 
 moribus facillimis? Cic. 3. mori- 
 
 gprus : to be a. to any one, alicui m. 
 esse, I'l. 
 
 accommodation : |, Adaptation, 
 q. v. II. Heconciliation : compOsitIo: 
 / did not cease to be the adviser of an 
 a., composltionis auctor esse non dcstiti, 
 C'C III, Conveniences: Phr. : we 
 hail excellent a. (of an inn), pf;roppor- 
 tuiio deversorio usi sunius (Cf. Cic. de 
 
 Or. 2. 57.2:4): V. CONVENIENCE. |V. 
 
 A loan of money : 1, comm6dum : 
 Cic. 2. commodatum : Ulp. 
 accompaniment (musical) r Phr.: 
 
 Ho;(/.s irhieh require an instrumental a., 
 verba socianda chordis, llor. : to sing 
 ii'ith un a., ad chordarum sonum can tare, 
 Nep. : to sing vnth the a. of a flute, ad 
 tibiam cancre, Cic. 
 
 accompanist: accentor; Isid. 
 
 accompany: |. To go nith, attend. 
 
 1. comitor, or (less freq. except in 
 passiot) cOmlto, 1 with ace, or less 
 freq. with dat : having a.'d them they 
 left the state, comitati eos ex civitate 
 excessere, Caes. : Theseus a.'d Piritho- 
 us to the waters of the Styx, Piritlioum 
 Theseus Stygias comitavit ad undas, Ov. 
 Fig. ; good fortune a.'d Tarquin for a 
 considerable time, Tarquinio aliquam- 
 diu prospera fortuna coinitata est, Cic 
 Phr.: comitem esse alicui, Cic: co- 
 mitem scse praebere, Cic: comitem se 
 adjungere, Cic. : he a.'d me in all my 
 journeys, comes mens fuit omnium 
 itinerura, Cic. : to a. any one in his 
 flight, fugam alicujus exsequi. Cic. 
 
 2. prosfiquor, secuius, j (to a. for 
 some distance on a journey, out of re- 
 spect) : to a. me setting out to Apamea, 
 me proficiscentem Apameam p ,Cic. : the 
 emfiassies assembled to a. Scipio out of 
 respect, legalionesad prosequendum Sci- 
 pionem officii causa convenerant, Liv. : 
 / urish to a. the bridegroom to the 
 country, novum niaritura volo rus p., PI. 
 Fig.: the dead lire, so great is the 
 respect of their friends that a.s them, 
 raortui vivunt, tintus eos honos p. ami- 
 corum, Cic. : v. to attfnt). 3. de- 
 duco, duxi, ductum, 3 (to a. out of re- 
 spect, especially from a man's house to 
 the forum, and from the forum home) : 
 to a. him from home, eum domo d., Cic. : 
 to a. him home, eum domum d., Cic. ||, 
 To play an accompaniment to another 
 performer. 1. aspiro, i (with dat.) : 
 the flute a.s the chorus, tibia a. chore, 
 Hor. 2. concino, j (with dat.) : 
 to a. a tragic actor xchile declaiming, 
 tragoedo pronuntianti c. Suet. 3. in6- 
 dQlor, I : the maidens stepped along 
 a.ing the sound of their voice with the 
 tieating of their feet, virgines sonum 
 vocis pulsu pedum modulantes inces- 
 serunt, Liv. 4. oblSquor, lociitus, } 
 (rare) : he a.s the variations of the voices 
 with his lute, obloquitur numeris septem 
 discrimina vocum, Virg. : Ov. 5. so- 
 cio, 1 ; I speak words that must be a.'d 
 by stringed instruments, verba loquor 
 socianda chordis, Hor. 
 
 accomplice: 1. conscius (with 
 gen.): to be an a. in the murder, caedis 
 c esse. Sail. ; to deceive without any a„ 
 sine uUo c. fallere, Cic. ; to betray any 
 one's a.s, c. edere, Cic: to conceal them, c. 
 celare, Cic ; v. PRnr to. 2. particeps, 
 clpis (in good or bad sense : with gen. 
 or in and abl.) : an a. in the crime against 
 his king, p. sceleris in suuni regem. 
 Curt. : you became an a. in a most 
 foul conspiracy, p. factus es In tur- 
 pissirao foodere, Cic. : v. partaker. 
 Join: socius ac particeps. 3. affinis 
 (with^en. or dat.) : an a. in the crime, 
 lacinorl a., sceleris a., culpae a., Cic. 
 
 4. piipiilaris, is : a.s in a con- 
 spiracy, popu lares conjurationis, Sail. 
 
 5. satelles, Itis: the a.s of crimes, 
 satellites scelerum, Cic: v. abetter, 
 
 ACCKSiWRY. 
 
 accomplish: I, 1^ ft^ifU; to 
 
 carry out something completely : v. to 
 FULFIL, complete. ||, In more pen. 
 sense ; to effect, perform, perpetrate : 
 1, conf icio, feci, fectum, j : to a. 
 a business, negotium c, Caes. ; t« a. a 
 crinu, scelus c, Cic. : v. to finish. 
 
 2. perficio, j (with more distinct 
 ref. to the completion of the act) : to ac 
 a crime, scelus p.,Cic. : to a. one's under- 
 takings, conata p., Caes. : v. to finish, 
 COMPLETE, perform. 3. efficio, i. 
 completely to a. a task, cumulate 
 munus ef., Cic. : to a. crimes, facinora 
 ef., Cic. : v. TO effect, perform. 4. 
 pCrago, egi, actum, j (e&^.poet.) : to ac. 
 ' o course, cursum, p., Virg. : v. tj fi- 
 nish. 5. exigo. Sgi, actum, j (mostly 
 poet.) : I have a.'d a u-ork, opus exegi, 
 Ov. : Hor. 6. patro, i : to a. workt, 
 opera p., Cic: to a. ones promixes^ 
 promissa p., Cic. 7. perfietro, i : v. 
 TO FINISH. 8. 5beo, ivi and ii, Itum, 
 4 (irr.) : to a. a business, ntguiium c, 
 
 Cic. : V. TO EXECUTE, ATTEND TO. 9, 
 
 consummo, i : to a. very great thingt, 
 maxinias res c, Plin. : v. to finish, 
 CONSUMMATE. 10. exsC'quor, cCitus, 
 j: to a. undertakings, incepta e., Liv,; 
 
 Cic. : V. TO EXECUTE. 
 
 accomplished: I. of learning: 
 eruditus: more a. in liteiature than 
 Curio, Uteris eruditior quam Curio, 
 Cic. : a man not sufficiently refined by 
 those sciences the masters of whicfi are 
 called a. (or the learned), homo non 
 satis politus iis rebus quas qui tenent 
 3. appellantur, Cic: a. Greek scholars, 
 Graecas literas eruditi, Gell. : t. 
 learned. II, Of culiure in general : 
 1, politus: a man most a. in all 
 liberal learning, vir orani liberali doc- 
 Irina politissimus, Cic. : an a. man, vir 
 humanitate p., Cic: a. style, p. oratio, 
 Cic. : an a. lady, fenilna docta p.-que, 
 Plin. 2. biinianus (requiring how- 
 ever, like the preceding, some defining 
 word or words) : a nuist learned and 
 a. man, homo doctissimus atque buma- 
 nissimus, Cic. : v. refiked. |||. Of 
 speech: disertus: / knew your grand- 
 father, a most a. speaker, disertisslmuin 
 novi avum tuum, Cic. : that most a. 
 orator Lysias, disertissimus orator Ly- 
 sias, Cic: v. finished. 
 
 accomplishment : I, The act of 
 
 accomplishing : \, confeclit: • v. 
 
 finishing, COMPLETION. 2. peractio: 
 v. completion. 3. exseciitio : the a. 
 of an undertaken work, e. instituU 
 operis, Plin. Note : usu. best expr. 
 by part of verb : as, in the a. of great 
 works, in magnis rebus perficiendis : by 
 the a. of this, hoc perfecto, etc.: v. to 
 ACCOMPLISH. II. Culture, refinement; 
 chiefly in pi. : humanitas : a man not 
 destitute of general literary acquire- 
 ments and more refined a.s, homo :ion 
 eonmiunium litcrarum et politioris b. 
 expers, Cic : a. and learning, h. atque 
 doctrina, Cic. 
 
 accord (subs.) -. [. Jfusical : V. 
 CONCORD, HARMONY. ||. Consent, 
 
 agreement : chiefly in phr. vith one a, 
 of one's own a., etc. 1. spont? (abl. : 
 with free will, without compulsion) : / 
 reply that you are acting by your own 
 judgment and of your own a., respondeo 
 te tuo judicio et tua s. facere, Cic. : / 
 am glad that you advise me to do what 
 I had of my own ac. done the day 
 before, gaudeo id te mihi suadere quod 
 ego mea s. pridie feceram, Cic: the 
 horses hasten of their own a., equi sua 
 s. properant, Ov. 2. ultro (adv.): 
 when you wisli, they do not ; uhen you 
 don't, they of their oini a. desire it, 
 nolunt ubi velis ; ubi nolis cupiunt u., 
 Ter. : to offer anything of one's own a., 
 u. aliquid offerre, Cic. : Caes. : Virg. 
 QUltro denotes the absence of external 
 soliritation, and implies that the tiling 
 done is more than might have been ex- 
 pected; while sponte refers simply to 
 freedom from coHipii/ii'on.] Phr.: all 
 his friends with one accord adrised Kim 
 to turn this girl out of doors forthwith, 
 amici omnes uno ore auctores fuere tit 
 praecipitari banc daret, Ter. : v. agreb- 
 
 MKNT. 
 
 accord (verb): |. Trans.: to 
 grant: q. v. ||. Intians. : to 
 
 harmonise, agree : q. v. 
 
 accordance with, in: 1. ex or 
 e (witb abl.) : a thanksgiring wot
 
 ACCORDING TO 
 
 ACCOUNT 
 
 ACCRUE 
 
 decreed in a. with Caesar's despatch, 
 ex Uteris Caesaris suppUcatio decreta 
 est, Caes. . in oc. with the vote of the 
 senate, ex senatus senteutia, Cic. : in a. 
 ■with our dignity, ex nostra dignitate, 
 Cic. r to speak in a. with one's real feel- 
 ings, aliquid ex aninio dicere, Ter. : in 
 a. with custom, ex instituto, Liv.; ex 
 consueludine, Plin. : in a. xnth what is 
 just, ex aequo, Liv. 2. de (with 
 abl.) : in a. with the decision of the 
 council, de concilii senteutia, Cic. : in a. 
 tvith my ivishes, de mea voluntate, Cic. .- 
 in a. with ancient custom, de more 
 vetusto, Virg. {Obs. Tliis use of de 
 is somewhat rare). 3. secundum 
 (with ace.) : to live in a. icith naiure, 
 s. naturam vivere, Cic. : in a. with the 
 law I appoint two commissioners, 
 duumviros s. legem facio, Liv. : v^ 
 
 AORF.KABLT, CONFORM ABLT. 4. P™ 
 
 (with abl.) : v. according to. 
 
 according to : 1. often expr. by 
 tlie simple abl.: Caesar says that a. 
 to the custom of the Roman people, he 
 cannot allow any one to march through 
 the province, Caesar negat se more 
 populi R. posse iter ulli per provinciam 
 dare, Caes. : to proceed a. to lay; lege 
 agere, Ter. : Cic. 2. ex or e (with 
 
 abl.) : V. IN ACCORDANCE -WITH. 3. 
 
 pro (with abJ): to praise any one a. to 
 his wm-th, aliquem pro dignitate lau- 
 dare, Cic. : a. to one's ability, pro virili 
 parte, Cic. : a. to time and circum- 
 stances, pro tempore et pro re, Caes. ; / 
 for my part, a. to the high esteem in 
 whidi I hold you, tHll approve whatever 
 you do, equidem pro eo quanti te facio, 
 quidquid feceris approbabo. Cic. 4. 
 ad (with ace). ; wise a. to the rule 
 of those persons, ad istorura normam 
 sapientes, Cic. : a. to circumstances, ad 
 terapus, Cic. 6, de (with abl.): v. 
 
 IN ACCORDANCE WITH, 6. Ut (with 
 
 verb sum) : these indeed ought to seem 
 old men a. to the age of the Roman 
 people ; but young men as the ages of 
 the Athenians are reckoned, hi quidem 
 nt populi R. aetas est, senes; ut Athe- 
 niensium secula numerantur, adoles- 
 centes debent videri, Cic. 
 
 accordingly {adv. and conj.)-. I. 
 Adv.: Agreeably, crmformably : q. v. 
 II. Conj.: Consequently; 1, ita- 
 que : he resolved to give Antonius battle : 
 a., calling his troops together, etc., sta- 
 tuit cum Antonio confitgere: itaque 
 contione advocata, etc., Sail. : Cic. : 
 Caes. (Itaque differs from igitur, ergo, 
 etc., in not beiug used like them to 
 draw a strictly logical conclusion). 2. 
 ita : a., what is on the left appears mm-e 
 auspicious to us; on the right to the 
 Greeks and barbarians, ita nobis sinis- 
 tra videntur. Oralis et barbaris dextra, 
 meliora, Cic. : v. therefore. 
 
 accost : 1. appello, I : / will go 
 to Die man, I will a. him, aggrediar 
 hominem, appellabo, PI. ; accedam 
 atque appellabo, Cic: to a. a person 
 with cheerful countenance, hominem 
 hilari vultu a., Cic. ; v. TO address. 
 2. compello, I : to a. any one by 
 n<wne, aliquem nominatim c, Auct.Her.; 
 Virg. : PI. 3. alloquor, aflUri : v. to 
 addre.ss. 4. Sd6rior, ortus, 4 (usu. 
 In hostile sense : to attack, fall fold of; 
 q. v.) : do / hesitate to a. the man, hunc 
 cesso ad. ? Ter. 
 
 accosting (,subs.) : compellatio : 
 Auct. Her. 
 accoucheur, female : obstetrix : v. 
 
 MIDW IFK. 
 
 accouchement: 1. partus, lis: 
 
 2. enixus. us: 3. puerpgrlum: 
 
 V. LYING IN. 
 
 account: I. Uf money: ratio: 
 the a. of debits and credits between us 
 balances exactly, bene ratio accept! 
 atque expensi inter nos convenit. Pi. ; 
 r constat, Cic. : Tac. : of all this money 
 a joint a. is kept, hujus omnis pecuniae 
 conjunctim r. habetur, Caes. : to make 
 up an a., r. conficere, Cic: to render 
 an a., r. reddere. PI.: r. reddere o?- 
 referre, Cic: to give in false a.s, 
 folMS r. inferre, Cic. : the a. comes right 
 8 
 
 to a farthing, r. ad nummum convenit, 
 Cic. Kig. : if any more serious event 
 slwuld occur, from thee they ivill demand 
 an a., si gravius quid acciderit, abs te 
 r. reposcent, Caes. P h r. : to call any 
 one to a., aliquem ad calculos vocare, 
 Liv. II. A statement of facts or events : 
 memoria: tiro a.s of the death of Mago 
 have been given, de Magonis interitu 
 duplex memoria prodita est, Nep. : he 
 compfjsed an a. of his life, vitae m. com- 
 
 pOSUit, Suet. v. NARRATIVE, NARRA- 
 TION. III. Reason, consideration, 
 cause: only in phr., on account of: 
 1. ob(witb ace): nor can we be 
 either' better or happier on a. of that 
 knowledge, nee meliores ob earn scien- 
 tiam nee beatiores esse possumiis, Cic. : 
 on that a. lie liad fled from tlie state, ob 
 eam rem ex civitate profugerat, Caes. : 
 on that a., ob id, Liv. : on this a., ob 
 hoc, Liv.: on what a., quam ob rem, 
 Cic. 2. propter (with ace): the corn 
 aops U'cre not ripe in the fields on a. 
 of the cold, propter frigora frumenta in 
 agris matura non erant, Caes. : on that 
 a., propterea: because it is my birth- 
 day, on that a. I wish you to be invited 
 to dinner, quia mihi natalis est dies, 
 propterea te vocari ad coenam volo, Pi. : 
 Caes.: Cic. 3. de (with abl.'): less 
 frequent than the foregoing: to weep on 
 a. of the death of a son, de morte filii 
 Here, Cic: to believe a thing more 
 readily on a. of one's Tiatred, de odio 
 facilius aliquid credere, Tac. : Curt. 
 4. ex or e (with abl.) : distinguished 
 on a. of learning, ex doctrina nobilis, 
 Cic. : to sleep more soundly on a. of 
 weariness, ex lassitudine arctius dor- 
 mire, Cic. 5. per (with occ.) : cm a. 
 of a storm it ivas not possible to set sail, 
 per tempestatem solvere non licebat, 
 
 Cic : V. THROUGH, BY MEANS OF. 6, 
 
 pro (with abl.): v. ON behalf of. 7. 
 nomine (flbl. of nomen ; with gen.) : i. e. 
 on the score of: condemned on a. of a 
 conspiracy, n. conjuratiouis damnatus, 
 Cic: he hates the Romans on his own 
 a. also, suo etiam n. Romanos edit, Caes. 
 
 8. gratia, causa (abl. : with gen. 
 or possess, pron.) : v. for the sake of, 
 BECAUSE OF. 9. vicem (defect, ace. : 
 with gen. or possess, pron.) : lit. in 
 place of: I ^ten grieve on your a., 
 tuam V. saepe doleo, Cic : noiv anxious 
 on his own a., suam jam v. anxius, Liv. 
 
 10. ergo (with gen., end put after 
 Its subst. : archaic): to be presented 
 ivith a military gift (m a. of valour, 
 dono militari virtutis e. donari, S. C. 
 ap. Liv. : on a. of that law, ejus legis 
 e., Cic. : on a. of him, illius e., Virg. 
 Phr.: on that a., propterea, idcirco, 
 
 IdeO . V. THEREFORE, FOR THAT REASON : 
 
 to have fears on any one's ac, alicui 
 metuere, timere (v. to fear): justice 
 has charms for the wise man on her 
 own a., sapientem sponte sua justitia 
 delectat, Cic. : may sometimes be expr. 
 by a part., as, to do a thing on a. of 
 anger, * ira commotus, iratus, aliquid 
 facere. |V. Importance, worth, esti- 
 mation : q. v. V. I'rojit, advan- 
 tage: q. v. 
 account, call to ; 1. accuse, i : 
 
 if you do not call me to a. for this, si id 
 non me accusas, PI.: v. to accuse, 
 INDICT. 2. compello, i : he threat- 
 ened that he would call to a. any jury- 
 man who absented himself, minatus est 
 se judicem qui non affuerit, compella- 
 turum, Cic. 3. rationem posco, pos- 
 tiilo: V. ACCOUNT (L fin.). 
 
 account ("•) ■■ i- e. consider, esteem : 
 1, duco, duxi, ductum, ?: he a.'d 
 that of small importance, parvi id 
 ducebat, Cic. : they a. nothing right but 
 what has been agreeable to themselves, 
 nil rectum nisi quod placuit sibi 
 ducunt, Hor. 2. ntimero, i (i. e. to 
 reckon amongst a certain numl)er) ■ he 
 a.'d Suljiicius his accuser, not his com- 
 petitor, Sulpicium accusatorem .siium 
 numerabat, non competitorem, Cic. : 
 Thucydides was never a.'d an orator, 
 Thucydides nunquam est numeratus 
 orator, Cic. 3. h&beo; v. kegakd. 
 
 account for: I. ^ render an 
 account, either lit. or fig.: v. ACCOUNT 
 (L). II. To assign the cause of (in 
 which sense rationem reddere is also 
 used : .Sen.) : causani or rationem aff 6ro, 
 tuli, latum, j : / think that we ought to 
 a. also for this being so, rationes quo- 
 que cur hoc ita sit aiferendas puto.Cic: 
 you a. satisfactorily for my not being 
 able to see you at present, justas causas 
 affers quod te hoc tempore videre non 
 possum, Cic. : also without any subs. : 
 / can a. for my belief, cur credam 
 afferre possum, Cic. : v. to explain. 
 
 accountability: may usu. be expr. 
 by ratio reddenda (v. account, 1.) : to 
 call to mind our a., * recordari nobis r. 
 reddendam esse : there is no dnubt of 
 the a. of the magistrates, *non est 
 dubium quin magisiratibus sit r. red- 
 denda: v. accountable. 
 
 accountable : 1. i"6us, rea (with 
 
 gen.): in particular sense: a. for the 
 ill-fortune of that day, r. forlunae ejus 
 diei, Liv. : he who enters into an en- 
 gagement is a. for it, qui stipulatur, 
 stipulandi r. est. Dig. : that each one 
 may be a. for defending his part, ut 
 suae quisque partis tutandae r. sit, Liv. 
 2. by phr. in general sense : qui 
 rationem reddere debet : he was a. to 
 his fellow citizens, civibus suis r. re- 
 ferre debebat, Cic : let us always lire, so 
 as (to show) that we consider ourselves 
 a., semper ita vivamus ut r. nobis 
 reddendam arbitremur, Cic. : v. also 
 
 LIABLE. 
 
 accountant*^ 1. calculator: Mart.: 
 Ulp. 2. rationarius : Jlodest. 3. 
 actor summaruni : Suet, 4. a rati- 
 onibus: Inscr. 5. The chief public 
 accountant, accountant-general, logista, 
 ae, m. : Cod. Just. 
 
 account-book : 1. tabillae, arum : 
 there is a wide difference whether money 
 be deposited in one's box or be among the 
 credits in an a., multum differt in ar- 
 cane depositum sit argentum an in tabu- 
 lis debeatur, Cic. : to enter anything in 
 an a., aliquid in tabulas referre, Cic. 
 2. codex, Tcis, m. or codex accept! el 
 expensi: Cic. 3. calendarium (esp. 
 a book in which accounts of interest 
 were kept; hence the name from ca- 
 lendae, as interest was payable on the 
 first day of each month) . Sen. : Dig. 
 
 accoutre : \- to equip, arm, fit out, 
 
 accoutrements : 1. arma, orum : 
 v. ARMS. 2. insignia, ium (i. e. badges 
 and decorations) : there was 7wt time 
 to fit on the a., ad ins. accommodanda 
 tempus deficit, Caes. : v. equipment. 
 
 accredit: P^r.: Lycurgus a.'d 
 his laws by the authority of the Delphic 
 Apollo, Lycurgus leges suas auctoritate 
 ApoUinis Delphici confirmavit, Cic: 
 to a. ainbassadors, legalos publica auc- 
 toritate mittere (not legatos cum auc- 
 toritate mittere, which is to send pleni- 
 potentiary ambassadors: Cic. Att. i, 
 19. 2) : embassies a.'d and attested have 
 assembled from most friendly states, 
 ab amicissimis civitatibus legationes 
 cum publicis auctorilatibus ac testi- 
 moniis convenerunt, Cic. : to ac. a 
 minor, auctoritatem pupillo s. pupillae 
 accommodare, Ulp. 
 
 accretion: Phr.: there is an 
 a. of dirt on the side of the bowl, lateri 
 craterae limus adhaesit, Hor. : the 
 lichen forms an a. upon stones, nascitur 
 in saxis lichen, Plin. (v. to grow 
 on). Fig.: virtue is no mere a. or 
 supplement, virtus non accessio neque 
 supplementum. Cell. : Liv. : v. ap- 
 pendage. 
 
 accrue: 1. cedo, cessi, j (with 
 dat. or in and ace.) : this profit a.'d to 
 him, is quaestus huic cedebat, Cic. : to 
 a. to any one's use, alicui in usum c 
 Hor. : the armies of Lepidus and 
 Antony a.'d to Augiistus, Lepidi atque 
 Antonii arma in Augustum cessere. 
 Tac. : Liv. 2. redundo, I (with in 
 and ace.) : from this kijidness no 
 danger a.'d to me, ex hoc beneficlo 
 nullum in me periculum redundavit. 
 Cic. , v. to redoctnd, kesult.
 
 A r C U M U L A T K 
 
 ACCUSE 
 
 ACCUSTOM 
 
 accumulate : |, T i a n s. : 1. 
 
 cumulo, I : to a. wealth, opco t., Curt. : 
 to a. all the tilks of monarchy {upon 
 him), omnia priiicipalus vocabula cu- 
 mulare, Tac. F i g. : to a. one crime 
 
 upon another, scelus scelere c, Cic. 
 2. accumiilo, i : to a. gold : aurum 
 a., Cic Fig.- to a. cacw, curas a. 
 Ov. Join: auget, addit, accuniulat, 
 Cic. 3. cOacervo, i : sums of money 
 are collected and a.d, pecuniae co- 
 guntur el coacervantur, Cic. F i g. . 
 a.d griefs, coacervati luctus, Ov. 4. 
 colllgo, ISgi, lectum, j ; a.d money, 
 collecia pecunia, Hor. : Cic. : ears suffer- 
 ing from a.d tilth, anres coilecta sorde 
 doleiit€s, Hor.' 5. conEcro. gessi, 
 
 gpsturn, J : to a. the mfist beautiful 
 things, res pulcherrimas c, Cic. : v. to 
 
 CULLECT, GATHKR TO<iF.THiai, HKAl" L'T. 
 
 II. I n I r. : e.xpr. by pass^ of fore- 
 going" as, the multitude of adversaries 
 a.s, cumulatnr multitudo adversari- 
 orum, Auct. B. Hisp. : v. to inckkase. 
 accumulation : 1. cumulus, i, 
 m. (V. UKAP ) to briny to any one an a- 
 of joy, atferre alicui c. gaudii, Cic. : 
 lilessed iHtli the a.of all praises, laudum 
 cumulo beatus omni, Stat. 2. acer- 
 vus, strues : v. heai-, pile. 3. con- 
 gestus, as, m. : an a. of forces, c. copi- 
 arura, Tac. Or expr. by verl) : as, an a. 
 of money, coUecta pecunia, Hor. : the a. 
 of titles of dignity upon any one. cumu- 
 laUi in aliquem dignitatis vocabula: v. 
 
 TO ACCUMULATE. 
 
 accumulator: accumulator: Tac. 
 
 accuracy : I. Carefulness, dili- 
 gence : q. V. II, Careful exactness in 
 reasoning, calculations, etc. : 1. ciira 
 (.strictly of the pains bestowed, not the 
 accuracy of the result) : these things 
 demand vigilant a. and carefulness, 
 haec acreni c. diligentiamque deside- 
 rant, Quint. : Cic. 2. subtilitas: v. 
 
 CORKECTNESS, EXACTNE.SS, NICETV. 
 
 accurate: I. Careful, studied: 
 q. V. II. Exact and. correct in calcu- 
 lation, etc. 1. diligens, ntis (strictly 
 careful) : Myron is more a. in tlie 
 symmetry (of his works), M. in syni- 
 metria diligentior, Plin : the most a. 
 naturalists say, diligentissiini naturae 
 tradunt, Plin. • to examine a thing with 
 a. nicety, aliquid diligent! subtilitate 
 exigere, Plin. 2. exactus : v. exact. 
 
 3, subtilis, 6: an a. definition, s. 
 de&nitio, Cic : a. observation, s. obser- 
 vatio, Plin. P li r. : an a. copy, exem- 
 plum summa cura el diligentia exscrip- 
 tum, Cic. 
 accurately : I. Carefully .- q. v. 
 
 II, Excu'tly, with nice correctness: 
 
 1, diligenter (strictly, carefully): 
 to speak in Latin and that a., Latine et 
 d. loqui, Cic: to study a thing more a., 
 aliquid diligentius cognoscere, Caes. 
 
 2. subtillter: to discourse a. and 
 at large, disserere s. et copiose, Cic. : to 
 investigate a number a., exsequi s. nu- 
 merum, Liv. : to study a science some- 
 wlMt more a., scientiam paulo subtilius 
 fticolere, Cels. 
 
 accursed : 1. sacer, era, cruni : / 
 am bad, I am a., wicked, ego sum 
 malus, ego sum s., scelestus, PI. • nuiy 
 you be a., s. esto, Hor.: a. greed of 
 gold, s. auri fames, Virg. 2. exsecra- 
 bilis, 6: a. and dreadful soil. e. ac 
 dirum solum, Val. Max.: Plin. 3. 
 scglgratus : the a. madness of war, s. 
 insania belli, Virg.: the a. love of pelf , 
 s. amor habendi, Ov. 4. scfiioslus : 
 this house is a., s. hae sunt aedes, PI. : 
 a. avai-ice, a. avaritia, Phaed. : v. TO 
 
 CUItSE. 
 
 accusation : 1. accusatio (aformal 
 act of a.): to prepare and arrange an 
 a., a. comparare atque constituere,Cic. : 
 to abandon an a., accusatione desistere, 
 Cic : to press an a., ac. factitare, Cic. 
 2. crimen, inis, «. (a charge : of 
 which there may he more than one In 
 an accusation) : this letter obtained 
 credit for the a.s of I'erseus, hae literae 
 tidera Persei crimiiiibus fccerunt, Liv. : 
 an a. of such great crimes, c. facinorum 
 Uuilorum, Cic. : an a. of poisoning. 
 
 veneficii c. Quint. : to dispi'ove an a., 
 c. defciidere, Cic. : to bring a.s, crimina 
 intcrre, Cic. in the plu. tliis word 
 tjiken in connection with the context, 
 sonieiimes means "false a.s:" ctm- 
 versations full of false a.s against 
 the senators, sermones pleni criminum 
 in patres, Liv. 3. criminatlo: the a. 
 which he brou{:ht against me in my 
 absetue. criminatio qua in me absentem 
 usus est, Cic. : to repel a.s, crlmina- 
 tiones repellere, Cic. : Liv. 4. calum- 
 nia (afalse a.) : nor could lie, without in- 
 cun-ing the disgrace attaching to a false 
 a., abandmi the prosecution, ncc sine 
 ignominia calumniae relinquere accu- 
 sationem poterat, Cic. : to bring a false 
 a, against a person on oath, calunmiani 
 in aliqucni jurarc, Liv. 5. insiiuii- 
 latio (usu. if not always of a false, a.) : 
 a false and unjust a., falsa atque iniqua 
 in., Cic: a sudden a. on a capital 
 charge, in. repontina capitalis criniinis. 
 Cic. Phr. : To bring an a. against a 
 person, aliquem accusare, insimulare ; 
 alicujus nomen deferre, etc. : v. to 
 ACCUSE : to betray one's cause in an a., 
 praevaricor, i : Itte conduct of one who 
 does so, i. e. collusion in a., praevari- 
 catio: Cic. 
 
 accusative case: accusaiivus, i, 
 
 m. : Quint. 
 
 accusatory, accusalorlus : an a. 
 disposition (or intention), a. animus, 
 Cic. : Liv. 
 
 accuse: I. I" strict forensic sense: 
 1, accuso, I (the person in ace, the 
 charge usu. in gen. or abl. with de) : 
 to a. a ma7i of bribery, hominem 
 ambitus a., Cic. : to a. any one of an 
 assault, aliquem de vi a., Cic. : to a. a 
 person of assassinations and poismiings, 
 hominem inter sicarios et de veneficiis 
 a., Cic. 2. judicem fero, tiili, etc. 
 (i. e. to offer a judge : with dat. of per- 
 son) : many peisons were ready to a. 
 Volsciuson their own account, multi pri- 
 vatim ferebant Volscio judicem, Liv. .- 
 / a. thee before the people, populum tibi 
 Judicem fero, Liv. 3. arcesso, ivi, 
 itum, J (with gen. or abl. of the charge) : 
 to a, any one of a capital offence, ali- 
 quem capitis ar., Cic. • to a. a man of 
 the crime of poisoning, hominem ve- 
 neni crimine ar., Suet. 4. argiio: v. 
 
 TO CHARGE. 6. POStQlo, I (constf. 
 
 same as accuso) : to a. a person of ex- 
 tortion, aXiquem repetundarum p.. Suet. : 
 to a. aperson before the praetor, aliquem 
 apud praetorem p., Cic. : also, reum p., 
 Plin. 6. interrogo, i : a.d under the 
 Plautian law, lege Plautia interrogatus, 
 Sail.: Cic: Liv. 7. insimulo, i: 
 (with gen. or abl.) : to a. anyone falsely, 
 aliquem falso ins., Cic. ; to be a.d of the 
 crime of treachery, proditionis crimine 
 insimulari, Liv. 8. reum facio, feci, 
 factum, } (with gen. of the charge, or 
 abl. with de): to a. Sthenius of a capital 
 offence, Sthenium rei capitalis reum f., 
 Cic: Sthenius had not been a.d when 
 present, praesens Sthenius reus non 
 erat factus, Cic. : v. to impeach, in- 
 dict. 9. nomen defgro, tali, etc. (with 
 gen. of person and abl. of crime with 
 de) : to a. lioscius of pai-ricide, nomen 
 Roscii de parricidio d., Cic : hence sim- 
 ply defero, with ace. of person (late) ■ 
 as, to a. any one of treason, aliquem de 
 proditione d., Tac. Similarly nomen re- 
 cipere is to receive an accusation (said 
 of the magistrate), Cic— Note. 01 the 
 above, accuso refers esp. to the acticjn 
 of the hading accuser; judicem fero 
 implies a challenge to the person ac- 
 cused ; arcesso, postulo, interrogo, reum 
 facio signify, to call a man to account, 
 or bring him to trial; nomen defero is 
 to lay information against any one ; in- 
 simulo, to accuse falsely or on mere 
 suspicion. ||. In non-forensic sense ; 
 to charge with : 1. incQso, I (with 
 ace. of person and gen. of things) : to 
 a. anotlier of disgrao^ul conduct, alter- 
 tnn inc. probri, PI. : to a. any one of 
 luxury and pridLe, aliquem luxus et 
 superbiae inc., Tac: v. To find fault 
 WITH. 2. accuso, I (_ci'iislr. same as 
 
 in 1.) : to a. any one of neglect in come- 
 spondence, aliquem a. de epistolanim 
 negligentia, Cic. : but of what do you a. 
 the m<(« ;' ipsum verc quid accusas ? Cic. 
 3. arguo : they ad this man as their 
 master and tyrant, huuc ut dominum 
 ettyranimm arguebant. Just. 4. ci- 
 minor, i : you a. me of being ungrateful, 
 me e.ssf ingratum criminaris, Cic. 5. 
 insimulo: they a. tlu^nselves of sin,ptx- 
 cali se insimulant, Cic. : v. to blame, 
 ciiahgk. Note.— The ace. neut. of an 
 adj. or pron. may be used to denote 
 tlie matter of accusation • as, to a. one- 
 self if many things, se raulta incusar«, 
 Virg.: v.hat do you a. me oft quid me 
 accusas ? Cic. 
 
 accused (person): rCus, rCa/. (usu. 
 Willi 7</i. ul charge, or abl. with de) 
 (a). In lorinsic sense: to he a., reus, 
 rea fieri, Cic. (comp. to accuse, ».): 
 Cliidius stood a. by .Uilo under the 
 I'lotian law, reus Milonis lege Plotia 
 C. fuit, Cic. : a. of violence, de vi reus, 
 Cic. (6). Fig.: of any kind of bUme 
 a. of sU>th, r. desidiae. Mart. : a. of 
 being the cause of tlie illfvrtune of that 
 day, reus fortunae ejus diei, Liv. 
 
 accuser : 1. accOsalor : a vigor- 
 ous and bitter a., a. acer et acerbus. 
 Cic. : the a. did not appear, a. non 
 aderat, Cic: we may assume the lUa- 
 racter of a plaintiff and lay down that if 
 an a., possumus pelitoris personam cap- 
 ere, accusatoris dep<jnere, Cic. : in gen. 
 sense, to be one's o" « a., ipse suus e^se a., 
 Nep. I'ertaining to an a., accusaiorius : 
 i(7tit7i things were done according to the 
 a.s right and custom, quae a. jure et 
 more sunt facta, Cic. : like an a., 
 accusiitorie : / will not deal with you 
 like an a., non agam tecum a., Cic. A 
 female a., a.;cusatrix, icis : PI. : Plin. 
 
 2. praevaricator (a sham a., one nho 
 betrays his cause) : to set up a sham a. 
 of oneself, sibi p. apponere, Cic. : the 
 sham a. of Catiline, p. Catilinae, Cic. 
 
 3. delator (under the emperors : an 
 informer : q. v.) : lac. : Suet. 4. 
 calumniator, trix /. (a false, malicious 
 a.) : to set up false n.s, caluniniatoreg 
 apponere, Cic: Dig. 5. quadrupla- 
 tor (o-i;ico<j)jii'TT)5, a covetous a., reuarded 
 with a fourth of the accused's goods) : 
 Cic. : Liv. : v. informer. 
 
 accusing, fond of- crimlnosus- 
 bitter, fond of a., a demagogue, and 
 turbulent, acerbus, <-., popularis homo 
 ac turbulentus, Cic. : v. calummous, 
 
 accusingly : 1. accusatorle ; v. 
 ACCusKii. 2. criminose : Cic.: Liv. 
 
 accustom : 1. assuef acio, fSci, 
 factum, J (^with abl., dat., ad, or inf.) : 
 barbarians a.d to a certain kind of 
 fighting, barbari genere quodam pngnae 
 assuefacti,Caes. : Statorius enlisted fool- 
 soldiers for the king, and a.'d them to 
 work and to proper military duties, 
 Statorius regi pedites conscripsit, et 
 operi aliisque justis mililaribus assue- 
 fccit, Liv.: to a. the plebeians to the 
 infliction of punishments upon the 
 patricians, ad supplicia patrum plebem 
 ass., Liv. : they a. their horses to remain 
 on the very same spot, equos eotlem 
 remanere vestigio ass., Caes. 2. 
 assuesco, suevi, suetum, } (usu. in 
 l>ass., and esp. in perf. part.: constr. 
 the same as that of assuef ario, but also 
 with gen., and i'» with ace) : men a.'d 
 to constant and daily laUmr, homines 
 labore assiduo et quotidiano assueti, 
 Cic. : a.'d to all the rights of intinuicy, 
 in onniia familiaria Jura assuetus, Liv. : 
 the I{o)nans a.'d to Gallic rebellion, Ro- 
 mani Gallici tumultus assueti, Liv. 3. 
 consuefaci6, j (with ut or ne and subj., 
 or inf.) : / have accustomed my son not 
 to conceal these thingsfrom me, ea ne me 
 celet consuefcci filium, Ter. : he a.s the 
 Gaetuli to keep their rattks, Gactulos 
 ronsuefacit ordines habere. Sail. 4. 
 insuesco, suevi, suetum, } (with subj.) : 
 my excellent father a.'d me to avoid 
 this, insuevit pater optimus hoc me ut 
 fugercm, Hor. : Liv. 5. imbiio, al, 
 utum. J (with ad or inf.) : by a.ing tht 
 allies to Che duties imposed by the lau'S, 
 
 9
 
 ACCUSTOM 
 
 ACQUAINTANCE 
 
 A CQUI R E M E NT 
 
 Imbuendis sociis ad ofQcia legiim, Tac. : 
 nor are they a.'d to anything sooner 
 than to despise the gods, nee quicquam 
 prius imbuuutur quam contemnere deos, 
 Tac. : V. to inure. 6. i" *''i™ "^^n- 
 suetudinem adduce, xi, ctuni, 3 (with 
 subj.) : {Iphicrates) had a.'d his soldiers 
 so to arrange themselves, etc., in earn 
 consuetudinem addusit (copias suas) 
 nt ordinatae consisterent, etc., Nep. : 
 Caes. 
 
 accustom oneself, become ac- 
 customed, or (ill perf. tenses) tO be 
 accustomed: 1. as-suesco, suevi, 
 guetum, J (with abl., inf., dat. or ad) : 
 the kind of fight to which they irere a.'d, 
 genus pugiiae quo assueraut, Liv. : that 
 he might a. himself to overcome the noise 
 with his voice, ut fremilum assuesceret 
 voce vincere, Cic. : according to the habit 
 to which they were a.'d, ex mure cui as- 
 suerunt, Quint. 2. consuesco, j (usu. 
 with inf.: in later authors with ad or 
 dat.) : to a. oneself to recite many verses 
 with a single breath, versus multos uno 
 Bpiritu pronunliare c, Cic. : he saw that 
 the Germans were becoming a.'d to cross 
 the Rhine, Germanos c. Rhenum trans- 
 ire videbat, Caes. : on that day he fol- 
 lows the enemy at the distance to ivhich 
 he was a.'d, eo die quo consuerat inter- 
 vallo hostes sequitur, Caes. 3. in- 
 suesco, J (with inf., ad, or dat.) : to be- 
 come a.'d to tell lies, mentiri ins., Ter. : 
 to become a.'d to military discipline, ad 
 discipUnam militiae ins., Liv. : he had 
 a.'d himself to the Roman mode of life, 
 cultu Roniano insueverat, Tac.: v. to 
 
 BE WONT. 
 
 accustomed, be: sSKcsSiitussum, 
 
 2 (with inf.): he who is a. to lie, is 
 habitiMted'to perjury, qui mentiri solet 
 pejerare consuevit, Cic. : Caes. : Virg. : 
 
 V. TO BE WONT. 
 
 accustomed {part, and adj.) : 1. 
 assuefactus: v. to accustom. 2. *»- 
 suetus (with dat.): a oandof Spaniards 
 more a. to mountains, Hispanorum co- 
 horsassuetiiir montibus.Liv. : Ov. 3. 
 s61itus : the rustic uill go to his a. vf/rk, 
 ad s. rusticus ibit opus, Ov. : a. valour, 
 s. virtus, Virg. : v. wonted. 
 
 ace : 1. monas, adis, /. .• Macr. 
 2. unio, onis, /. : Tert. Phr: he 
 was within an ace of following him, nee 
 quicquam propius est factum quam ut 
 ilium persequeretur, Cic. : v. also hairs- 
 breadth. 
 
 acerbity ; acerbltas : the a. of crab- 
 apples, ac. silvestrium malorum, Plin. : 
 V. SOURNESS. Fig.: / approve of 
 strictness, but by no means of a., severi- 
 tatem probo, a. nullo modo, Cic. 
 
 acetate: *acetas, atis,/. .• M. L. 
 
 ache (.v-) '■ doleo , 2 : my tooth a.s, 
 dens d., PJ. : m,y head a.s, caput mihi d., 
 Cic. To a. greatly or much, condolesco, 
 dSliii, J (usu. in perf., the lit. meaning 
 being, " to become painful") : if a foot 
 a.s much, we cannot hear it, si pes con- 
 doluit, ferre non possumus, Cic. : the 
 body attacked by cold a.s greatly, con- 
 doluit tentatum frigore corpus, Hor. 
 
 ache (subs.) : d61ort a head-a., d. 
 capitis, Lucr. : an aching of the joints, 
 d. articulorum, Cic. : Hor. 
 
 achieve; conffcTo, perficio, feci, 
 fectum, } : v. to accomplish, pjjr- 
 
 FOKM, EXECUTE ; GAIN, OBTAIN. 
 
 achievement: i. Exploit. 1. 
 
 res gesta : the people rejoices in Us a., 
 populus re gesta laetatur, Cic. : t'ae suc- 
 cess of one's a.s, felicitas rerum g., Caes. 
 Phr. : gj-eat a.s both in military and in 
 civil life were perfoi-med in those times 
 by very brave men, magnae res tem- 
 poribus ill is a lortissimis viris gere- 
 bantur, Cic. 2. facinus, oris, n. 
 
 (usu. with an epithet, and more freq. iu 
 bad sense : v. crime) : a great and me- 
 morable a., f. magnum et memorabile, 
 Ter.: / should consider that a most 
 noble a., id f. pulcherrimum esse arbi- 
 trarer, Cic. ||. A coat of arms ; 'gen- 
 eris insigne, is, n. (usu. in pi.). 
 
 aching (subs.) : v. ache. 
 
 achromatic: I. colourless: 1. 
 P)inc61or: Gloss. Philox. 2. achro- 
 lo 
 
 niatus (axptiixaro^). ||, Scient. t. t. : 
 *achromatlcus. 
 
 acid (cidj.); acidus (acerbus is sour, 
 i. e. unripe) : a. sorb apples, a. sorba, 
 Virg. : a. elecampane, a. inula, Hor. 
 Somewhat acid or a little acid, acidulus, 
 Plin.: siibacidus, Col. I'o become a., 
 acesco, cOacesco, aciii, j : all wines do 
 not become a. with age, non omne vinum 
 vetustate c., Cic. Cels. ; v. sour. 
 
 acid (subs.) : ♦acidum. 
 
 acidity : 1. acor : Quint. 2. 
 aciditas: Marc. Emp. 
 
 acidulous: acidulus: ana. ^arowr, 
 a. sapor, Plin. 
 
 acknowledge: i-e. to admit, own. 
 confess: 1. agnosco, novi, nitum, j 
 (with ace. of object, but not inf.) : to a. 
 a charge, crimen agn., Cic. : to a. a debt, 
 aes alienum agn., Ulp.: to a. an infant, 
 infantem agn., Suet. ; v. to recognise. 
 
 2. fateor, confileor; v. to confess. 
 
 3. suscipio, cepi, ceptum, j (to take 
 up and so acknowledge offspring) : I 
 have promised to a. the child, puerum 
 poUicitus sum (me) suscepturum, Ter. : 
 Cic. 4. toUo, sustfili, sublatum, { (in 
 same sense as suscipio) : to be unuilling 
 to a. a femaU child, puellam nolle tol- 
 lere, Ter. : they resolved to a. (the child), 
 decreverunt toUere, Ter. : Cic. : v. to 
 
 REAR. 
 
 acknowledgment: I. Admission, 
 
 confession : \, confessio r that ivas an 
 a. that Rome was the metropolis, ea 
 erat c, caput renim Romam esse, Liv. : 
 V. confession. 2. or expr. by part 
 of verb : as, in making this a., you ac- 
 knoiuledge that you are guilty, *quum 
 hoc confiteris, eonfiteris te sontem esse : 
 V. to acknowledge. ||. a legal 
 
 document : apocha (receipt) : a.s of 
 money paid, apochae solutae pecuniae, 
 Scaev. Dig. 
 
 acme : summa, fastigium : v. height. 
 
 aconite : aconitum : ghastly (i. e. 
 causing pallor), a., lurida aconila, Ov. : 
 Virg.: Plin. 
 
 acorn: 1. glans, glandis,/. : used 
 also of beech-mast and similar products . 
 hence quemus should be added unless 
 the context defines the kind : the he.ech- 
 mast has one shape, the a. another, alia 
 fageae g. figura, quernae alia, Plin. : to 
 strip off a.s, quernas g. stringere, Virg. 
 2, balanus, i,/. and sometimes »». 
 OaAai/o?): also used of similar pro- 
 ducts : Plin. 
 
 acorn- bearing: glandifer, era, 
 
 gruni : Lucr. 
 
 acorn - shaped : balanitis, idis : 
 Plin. 
 
 acoustic, auditorius: the a. pas- 
 sages : a. cavernae (uKoiicrTiKol Trdpoi), 
 Coel. Aur. 
 
 acoustics: *aciistica, orum (aKov- 
 o-TtKa) : scient. 1. 1. Or perh. res audi- 
 toria (cf. acoustic) : or in non-scientific 
 sense, *quae ad auditum s. ad sonos 
 accipiendos pertinent: cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 57. 
 
 acquaint : v- to inform. 
 
 oneself: nosco, cognosce : 
 
 v. TO LEARN. 
 
 acquaintance: I. Knowledge (in 
 general); q. v. ||. Personal inti- 
 macy : 1. consuetiido : a. and inti- 
 macy, e. ac familiaritas, Cic: v. inti- 
 macy. 2. notitia: this a. between 
 us is very recent, haec inter nos nupera 
 n. admodum 'st, Ter.: Cic. 3. fa- 
 miliaritas (intimate acquaintance) : to 
 form an intimate a., t. inducere, con- 
 flare, contrahere, Cic. |||. A person 
 known : nOtus, i, m. esp. iu pi.: I have 
 no ont here, either a. or kinsman, 
 habeo hie neminem neque n. neque 
 cognatum, Ter.: respecting his rank, 
 Caelius himself easily answers his a.s 
 and elders, de dignitate Caeliiis notis 
 ac majoribus natu facile ipse respondet, 
 Cic. : you all your neighbours, a.s, boys 
 and girls, hate, te omnes vicini oderuiit, 
 noti, pueri atque puellae, Hor.— Note. 
 Familiaris is an intimate acquaintance. 
 Hence we find in Cic. : ex domesticis et 
 intimis familiaribus . familiaris etneces- 
 sarius: intimus, proximus, familiaris- 
 simus. 
 
 acquainted with: 1 gnarua 
 (with gen.) : nor am I a. with the place, 
 iiec loci g. sum, PI. : a. ivith ai-ms and 
 warfare, g. armorum et militiae. Col. : 
 V. aware. 2. prudens, entis (with 
 gen.) : well a. ivith the localities, loco- 
 rum p., Liv. : well a. with the feelings 
 of the proaince, aniinorum provinciae 
 p., Tac. 3. sciens, entis (with ge7i.) : 
 well a. iiith the localities, s. locorum, 
 Sail. : u-ell a. with the Latin language, 
 Latinae linguae s., Tac. 4. pSritus 
 (with gfn. or abl.) : a. with those parts, 
 p. earuni regionum, Caes. : better a. 
 with military affairs, peritior rei mili- 
 taris, Caes. : a. with law, p. jure (also 
 juris), Cic. : v. experienced in. 5. 
 versatus (with in and abl.) : weU a, 
 urith Greek ami Latin literature, v. in 
 Graecis et Laiinis Uteris : v. versed ik. 
 
 -_ , become : 1. 
 
 nosco, novi, notum, j : to become a. with 
 laws and customs, leges instituta 11., 
 Cic. : to become a. with one's province, n. 
 provinciam, Tac. : that God with whom 
 ive become a. through the mind, dens ille 
 quern mente noscimus, Cic. 2. co- 
 gnosco, novi, nitura, ? (with ace.) : to 
 become a. uith learned Athens, doctas c. 
 Athenas, Prop. : he wished to become a. 
 uith those countries, eas regiones c. vol- 
 ebat, Caes. : by constant hunting (on iti 
 banks) ue have become a. uith the whole 
 river, venatu assiduo totum cognovimus 
 araiiem, Virg. 3. pernosco, j (to be- 
 come thoroughly a.): to become thoroughly 
 a. urith men's manners from their per- 
 son, eyes, countenance, hominum mores, 
 ex corpore, oculis, vultu pern., Cic. 
 Phr. : to become a. with a person, i.e. 
 form an intimacy with him : in ali- 
 cujus notitiam venire : if intimate a., 
 consuetudinem or familiaritatem cum 
 aliquo jungere, Cic. : v. to form (fin.} 
 
 INTIMACY. 
 
 acquiesce in: 1. sto. steti, stat- 
 
 ura, I (with abl. with or without in): 
 all a. in that opinion, ea omnes s. sen- 
 tenlia, PI. : v. TO abide by. 2. con- 
 teiitus sum (with ahl.) : nor did Gellius 
 a. in the judgment of Lentulus, neque 
 Lentuli existimatione e. fuit Gellius, 
 Cic. : v. CONTENT. 3. aequi bonique 
 facio, feci, factum, j (with ace.) : / a. in 
 what you propose, istuc aequi bonique 
 facio, Ter. : my mind a.s in all you do, 
 animus meus totum istuc aequi boni f., 
 Cic. 4. acquiesce, quievi, quielum, 
 J (usu. with in arid abl.) : having tried 
 everything, there is nothing in u-hich I 
 can a., habeo nihil, tentatis rebus omni- 
 bus, in quo acquiescam, Cic. Phr.: at 
 length C'otta, being prevailed upon, a.$, 
 tandem dat Cotta, permotus, nianus, 
 Caes. : to a. in any one's rule, aequo 
 aninio pati alicujus imperium, Liv.: v. 
 T(i aghee, assent. 
 
 acquiescence: Pbr. : with your 
 a., te non adversante, baud abnuente, 
 etc. . V. assent. 
 
 acquire : acqulro, quislvi, quisltum, 
 J : to a. dignity, dignitatem a., Cic. : 
 the insatiable desire of a.ing (wealth\ 
 acquirendi insatiabile vetum, Juv. : v. 
 
 TO GAIN. 
 
 acquirement: I. i'^^ act of ac- 
 quiring : 1. adeptio : let us estimate 
 a happy life not by the removal of evil, 
 but by the a. of good, nos beatam vitam 
 non depulsione mail, sed a. boni judice- 
 Hius, Cic. 2. comparatio : let the a. 
 of pleasure be as easy as you nill, sit 
 tam facilis quam vultis c. voluptatis, 
 Cic. (More freq. expr. by part, of verb : 
 as, by the a. of wealth, divitiis compa- 
 ratis, acquisitis: v. to acquire.) ||. 
 What is acquired ; a mental attain- 
 ment : USU. expr. by scientia, ars, etc. 
 Phr.: a man of no eminence and of 
 very scanty and humble a.s, home me- 
 diocris, et aut nulla aut humili aliqua 
 arte praeditus, Cic. : to possess most va- 
 luable a.s, habere optimaruni artium 
 scientiam, Cic. : to gain difficult a.s, 
 artes difiBciles discere, Cic. : he vms a 
 man of extensive a.s, and those not com- 
 mon but profound and abstruse, erant 
 in eo plurimae literae, nee eae vulgares,
 
 A C Q U I K E R 
 
 A C T 
 
 ACTION 
 
 seel iiitei'iureii quuudaiii ei ri'cuiidiuie, 
 Cic. : a man not destitute of ordinary 
 a.s, homo coinmuniuni litcraruin non 
 expers, Oic. . v. accomi'Lishment (II). 
 
 acquirer (rare) : qui acqulril, ac- 
 quircns : v. To acquire. 
 
 acquisition: I. The axt of ac- 
 
 quirliiy : 1, conciliatio : the a. of 
 favour, gratiae c, Cic. 2. quaestus, 
 lis: the a. of money, q. pecuniae, Caes. : 
 V. ACQUIREMENT. ||, The thing ac- 
 quired: quaesitum : careful of one's 
 a.s, attentus quacsitis, Hor. .- v. gatk. 
 
 acquit: 1. absolvo, solvi.sOlutum, 
 i (usu. with dt) : he uas a.'d of collu- 
 non, de prevaricatione absolulus est, 
 Cic. : to a. a person on a capital charge, 
 aliquem capitis a., Nep. : that innocent 
 tlave is unanimously a.'d, servus ille 
 innocens omnibus sententiis absulvitur, 
 Cic. 2. liberu, i (with abl.): to a. a 
 person ofacharge,n\\(\\icm criinine 1., 
 Cic. 3. purgo, I (with abl.): Tibe- 
 rius a.'d the young nmn of tlie charge of 
 civil ivar, Tiberius adolescenlem crimine 
 civilis belli purgavit, Tac: v. to ue- 
 
 LEA.SE, DISCHAKiiE. 
 
 acquit oneself: se gerere, prae- 
 stiire : v to behax e, conduct o\eself. 
 
 acquittal : 1. absOlutio . the a. 
 of O'atjinius, Gabinii a., Oic. ; a. from a 
 charge of high treason, niajcstatis a., 
 Cic. 2. liberatio : most arbitrary 
 
 a.s of defendants, libidinosissimae reo- 
 rum liberationes, Cic. Plir. : In give 
 verdicts of a., absolutorias senteniia^: 
 ferre, Sen. : verdicts of a., absolutoria 
 judicia, Gai. 
 
 acquittance (legal) ; i. acceptr- 
 
 latio (i. e., accepti latio), Dig. 2, 
 
 apucha : v. acknowledgment. 
 
 acre : jiigSrum, i ; but in plu. usu. as 
 of jid decln. The Roman jugcrum was 
 about '625 of an English acre, so that 
 it is only in a very loose way that the 
 Latin word c;in be employed as equi- 
 valent to the English one. Where ex- 
 actness is necessary, the number of acres 
 must be expressed in accordance with 
 the above ratio : e. g. : an estate of too 
 acres, fundus jugerum centum sexaginta. 
 
 acrid : 1. acer, acris, acre : a. 
 things, as mustard, nnicm, garlic, acria, 
 ut est sinapi, caepa, allium, Varr. ap. 
 Non.: a. hunwurs, a. humores, Cic. 
 
 2. asr>>r, era, erum : the a. taste of 
 sea-water, a. sapor maris, Plin. : v. 
 
 PUNGENT, sharp, SOUR. 
 
 acrimonious, ie. bitter or severe in 
 temper or expression : 1. acerbus : 
 an a. tongiu, a. lingua, Liv. : on that 
 day we found Curio a., eo die a. liabui- 
 mus Curioaem, Cic. 2. amarus : old 
 age makes me more a., aniariorem me 
 senectus facit, Cic. : a. icords, dicta a., 
 Ov. : a. vxit, a. sales, yuint. : v. bitter. 
 
 3. asper, Sra, erum : a savage, a., 
 abusive orator, orator truculentus, a., 
 maledicus, Cic. : o. Juno, a. Juno, Virg. : 
 
 V. SEVERE, SEVERITY. 
 
 acrimony, acrimoniousness , ie. 
 
 bitterness or sharpness of temper or ex- 
 pression : 1. iicerbitas : a. and plenty 
 of wit, acerbitas et abunde salis. Quint. : 
 teverity I approve of; a. not by any 
 nu'^ns, severitatem probo ; a. nuUc J 
 niodo, Cic. 2, amaritudo: the a. of] 
 the poems of Hipponax, Hipponacis car- 
 minum a., Plin. : v. bittern ES.S. 
 
 across: |. Prep. .- l. trans (with 
 ace.) : to lead a multitude of men a. the 
 Rhine, hominuin multitudinem t. Rhe- 
 num transiluccre, Caes. : they hasten a. 
 the sea, t. mine currunt, Hor.: to pur- 
 chase gardens a. the T,ber, t. I'iberim hor- 
 tos pararc, Cic. 2. transversus (in agr. 
 with that which crosses or is crossed) : 
 ve saw Manilius uallHng a. the forum, 
 Mauilium nos vidimus transvcrso ani- 
 buluntera foro, Cic. : / come now to that 
 line which is tvritten a. at the end of 
 your letter, nunc venio ad transversum 
 ilium extremae epistolae tuae versicu- 
 lura, Cic. : he will make a black mark 
 upon tlie unjmlished verses by drau-ing 
 his pen across them, versibus incomptis 
 allinetatrum transverse caJamosignum, 
 Hor. II. Adv.. 1. transversus (in 
 
 agr. with the subs, to which it refers) : 
 to carry a moat a., transversam fossam 
 ducere, Caes. : to rush a. against (fig.), 
 transversus incurrere, Cic. E s p. as 
 adv. i)hrase, in transversum (cf. in obli- 
 quuni, OBLIQUELY, q. \ .) : a 2>eninsula 
 stretching a. in the foi m of a sword, 
 paeninsula ad formam gladii in tr. por- 
 recta, Plin. ; the stone is marked a. with 
 a white line, gennna in ir. alba linea 
 praecingitur, Plin.: also poet, transversa : 
 V. athwart. 2. trans, in coinp. with 
 a verb :us, to go a., transire, transgredi, 
 etc. : lor which see to go, etc. 
 
 acrostic, '• e. o poem in which the 
 fir.<t htter if every line being taken forms 
 the name of a person or thing : no Latin 
 word : ca quae aKpoo-Tixi's dicitur, Cic. 
 Div. 2, 54, in.: .Suet. Gr. 6, appears to 
 use para.stichis, idis,/. in the same sense : 
 versus quorum priiuae litterae sensum 
 reddunt, Aug. : to make out or read an 
 aci'ostic, litteras, quae sunt in capitibus 
 omnium versuum, connectere, Aug. 
 
 act ("■) ■ A. In trans. \. To be 
 active : ago, egi, actum, } : there is one 
 time for acting, another for rest, aliud 
 agendi tempus, aliud quiescendi, Cic. : 
 Maerenas was a man who knev> how to 
 act, erut M. agendi sciens. Veil. ||. 
 I'o cmuluct oneself, behave : 1, ago : 
 «'e ctvt handsomely towards them, prae- 
 clare cum ils agimus, Cic. : with ace. to 
 denote the character in which a person 
 acts : to act as a friend, aniicum a., 
 Tac. : to iwt as a subordinate, minis- 
 truni a.. Suet. .4lso with refl. proit. : 
 to act iMughtily, I'erociter se a., Tac. : 
 SiiU. 2. facio, feci, factum, j (esp. 
 with adv.) : to act well or HI, recte aut 
 perperam f., Cic. : Licinius a.'d like a 
 gentleman in coming to me, fecit huma- 
 niter L. quod ad me venil, Cic. : v. to 
 do. 3. gero, gessi, gestum, j (with 
 refl. prim.) : to act honourably, honeste 
 se g., Cic. : to act as a citizen, se pro 
 cive g., Cic. : to act shamefully upon an 
 embassy, turjiiter in legatione .so g., 
 
 Plin. : v. TO BEHAVE ONESELF. P h r. : 
 
 to act in such a way that, conmiittere 
 ut (also with in/, poet.): it is not like 
 me so to act as to seem to have been 
 negligent in correspimdcnce, non est 
 meum committere ut in scribendo neg- 
 ligens fuisse videar, Oic. : Caes. : to act 
 cruelly towa'i-ds any one, crudelitcr in 
 aliquem consulere, Liv. ; Sail. : to act 
 under the influence of passion and 
 anger, cupidine atque ira grassari. Sail. : 
 Tac. (v. TO proceed). |||. To per- 
 form on the stage : in scena esse, Cic. ; 
 in scenam prodire (the latter strictly to 
 appear upon the stage) -. Nep. Pref. 5 : 
 Suet, (agere alone is simply to deliver, 
 whether of an actor or an m-ator). 
 P h r. : Domitian forbade players to act 
 in public, V. interdixit histrionibus sce- 
 nam. Suet. : to act and gesticulate upon 
 the stage, gestum agere in scena, Cic. 
 Or. 2, 57 ; V. infr. (trans.). |V, 
 
 Of medicine : v. to operate. B. 
 T r a n s. : to sustain a certain part, on 
 tfte stage or fig.: 1, ago, egi, actum, 
 } : to aet a comedy, comediam a., PI. : to 
 act the principal part, primas partes a., 
 Ter. (v. part) : Labenus acted his ouit 
 farce, Laberius mimum suum egit. 
 Suet. Hence fig. : to act the part q/a 
 principal or sulyirdinate, principem, 
 niinistrum a.. Suet : Tac. : v. siipr. 
 (intrans.). To act frequently, actllo, 
 1 : Aeschines, when a young man, luul 
 often acted tragedies, Aeschines ado- 
 lescens tragoedias actitaverat, Cic. ap. 
 Aug. : Yalens often acted farces, Valens 
 miniosactitavit,Tac. : v. to play. 2. 
 suslineo, tinui, tenlum. 2: / act three 
 parts all alum, tres personas luius g., 
 Cic. : Suet. 
 act (subs.) : I. The thing done : 
 1, factum : he is not oDxly innocent 
 of the act, but free from even the sus- 
 picion of biing accessory to it, non niodo 
 a facto sed etiain a conscientiae suspi- 
 cione abest, 01c. : / am glad that my 
 act is approved by you, nieum factum 
 abs te probari gaudeo, Caes. ap. Cic. : 
 illustrious and glorious acts, facta illus- 
 
 tria el gloriosa, Cic. : v. action, deed, 
 exploit. 2. acta, orum (esp. act* 
 
 of puUic functionaries or which partook 
 of a public cliaracter) : aiul du ye, who 
 are overturning Caesars laws, drfend 
 his acts ,' et vos acta Caesaris defeiiditis 
 qui leges ejus everiitis.' Cic. : the acts 
 of your triOutteship, acta tui tribunatus, 
 Cic. : plans Jirst, then acts, afterwards 
 results, consilia prima, deilide acta, 
 posa-a eventus, Cic. 3. actio (chiefly 
 of official p)-oiecdings) tlu: acts oj the 
 tribunes, actiones tribunorum, Caes. : 
 
 Liv. : V. PROCEEDINGS. 4. actUS, O3 
 
 (rare): v. action. P h r. : our friends 
 the 6'toics deny Vtat to flee is tlie act if 
 a iirise man, Sloici nostri negaiit fugere 
 sapientis, Cic. : yor me now to inquire 
 closely into these things is the act of an 
 unreasonable father, nunc ea me exqui- 
 rere iniqui patris est, Ter. : to commit 
 hostile acts, hostilia facere, .Sail. : Indu- 
 tioiiuirus was caught in tlie very act if 
 crossing the river, in ipso tiuminis vado 
 Indutioniarus deprehensus est, Caes. : 
 when the soldiers were in the very act of 
 scaling the walls, cum jam in eo esset, 
 ut in muros miles evaderet, Liv. (the 
 esset is impers.) An act of parlior 
 ment (v. parliament) : the acts of tlie 
 Apostles, acta Apostolorum, Vulg. ||, 
 A division of a drama ; actus, us . thi 
 fourth act, quartus actus, Cic. : let not 
 a play either close before or extend be- 
 yond the fifth act, neve minor neu sit 
 quinto prodnctior actu fabula, Hor. 
 Fig.: the last act of life, extremus 
 actus aetatis, Cic. 
 
 action : I. The 2'utting forth of 
 power or exercise of faculty. \, ac- 
 tio, onis, f. : to divest the gods if mo- 
 timi and of divine a., spoliare decs motu 
 et a. divina, Cic. : the a. of the body, a. 
 corporis, Oic. : vital a., vitae a., Cic. : in 
 undertaking every a. three things are to 
 be observed, in omni a. susciplenda tria 
 sunt tenenda, Cic. Hence of definite 
 things done: a.s right or honourable, a. 
 rectae, houestae. Sen. 2. actus, Os: 
 
 a head liable to tremble with the least a, 
 caput in quantulocunque a. trenmlum. 
 Suet. : to die in a., in actu mori. Sen. : to 
 be engaged in some kind of a., in alicjuo 
 a. esse, Lact. Hence of particular aj : 
 good and bad as, recti pravi a., Cic. 
 (but the reading is doubtful, and no 
 other example of such usage appears to 
 occur in Cic.) : Sil.: Claud. ||. ,S'i;m«- 
 thing done : v. deed, act, conduct. 
 III. In works of art : esp. dnunas: 
 actio : the play has much a., tabula niul- 
 tas actiones habct, Cic. |V, Heslicu- 
 lation in the delivery of a speech : J, 
 actio : a. is a kind of bodily speech, est 
 a. quasi senno corporis, Cic: varied 
 and vehement a., full of spirit, a. varia, 
 vehemens, plena spiritus, Cic. 2. 
 actus, US: Quint.: Suet. V. -^ 
 
 course of legal proceedings, or the right 
 to institute them : \, actio : to bring 
 an a. against any cnie, a. alicul inten- 
 dere, Oic. r Quint. : a. Inferre cum all- 
 quo, Uig. : to arratige the proceedings of 
 an a. (as an advocate), a. iiistituere, 
 Cic. : an a. for personal injuries, a. in- 
 jurianim, Cic. : an a. for theft, a. furtl, 
 etc. : to allow an a. (of the praetor), a. 
 dare, Cic. : to name the kind of a 
 (which was done by the plaintiff), a 
 edere, Ulp. : to have a right of a. (In 
 case of injury), habere actionem, Cic 
 Actio sometimes means " a formula of 
 action:" Cn. Flavins, ascrilie, inade the 
 fasti public, and drew up the forms of 
 actions. On. Flavins, scriba, fastos pro- 
 tulit actionestjue composuit, Cic. : v. 
 CAUSE, SUIT. 2. d'ca (6i<T): only of 
 an action in a Ortek court of law) : to 
 bring an a. against any cme, alicul 
 Uicam scrilx're, Cic : Ter.: d. alicul sub- 
 scribere, PI. : d. alicui impingere, Ter. 
 Note. The word is used by Cic. in 
 speaking of a Sicilian court, and by the 
 comic writers with relerence to those 
 of Greece. I*hr. : To bring an action: 
 1. iigo, egi, actum, j : esp. with 
 lege : to bring an a. at law for an in- 
 heritance, a. lege In hereditatem, Cic. 
 
 II
 
 ACTIONABLE 
 
 ACUTE 
 
 ADD 
 
 to bi-ino an a. on an agreement, ex sponso 
 ;., Cic. : to briny an a. at civil lav; ex 
 jure civil! a., Cic. 2. litem, actionem 
 intcndo, etc.: v. la\v.suit, and supr. 
 (\')- VI. -'I'' engagement, battU : q. v. 
 actionable ; 1. cujus rei actio est : 
 J i;>iij'iire ir/ietka- this is a. or not, quae- 
 ro sitiie aliqua Inijus rei a. an nulla? 
 Cic. : V. ACTION (V. 1). 2. obnoxius 
 fonly of persons) : mi/ conduct is a. 
 under the Aquilian law, ego lege Aqui- 
 lia obnoxius sum, Dig. 
 
 active : !,. J^ull of action ; of a 
 natair to exert power : 1. actiiosus : 
 virtue is a., virtus a. est, Cic. : a. life, a. 
 vita, Cic. 2. actlvus : a. philosophy 
 (^upp. to that wliich is purely contempla- 
 tive or theoretical), a. philosophia, Sen. : 
 Quint. To be a., agere : v. to act 
 (I. 1,1. II, Capable of quick tnoi'e- 
 mejit • 1, alacar, cris, ere : he vied 
 uith the a. in leapitig,H-ith the sinft in 
 running, cum alacriljus saltu, cum velo- 
 cibus cursu certabat. Sail. ap. A' eg. (rare 
 in this sense: v. cHEEittUL, buisk). 
 2. agllis, e : ana. right hand, a. dex- 
 tra, Stat. : the a. goddess (i. e. Diana), 
 a. dea, Ov. : v. agile, nimble. 3. 
 Impiger, gra, grum : a. v-ith orw's hand, 
 i. manu, Tac. : Cic. 4. ^" ' S- of «<-'- 
 tiviti/ of mind : vegetus: nor could the 
 mind which is so (essentially) a. lie 
 sunk in the blood, nee tam v. mens in 
 sanguine demersa jaceat, Cic. : an a. 
 soul in a lively bosom, v. ingenium in 
 vivido pectore, Liv. |||. Busy, in- 
 dustrious : 1. impiger, gra, grum : a. 
 service in the field, i. militia, Liv. : a. 
 tongues, sluggish souls, i. linguae, ignavi 
 animi. Sail.: with a gen.: a. in the 
 field, i. militiae, Tac. 2. agllis, o : 
 arum I became an a. man, nunc a. lio 
 (i. e., a m/in of action), Hor. : the mind 
 is by nature a., natura animus a. est, 
 Sen. 3. acer, acris, acre : a. in the 
 transaction of affairs (said of Caesar), 
 a. in rebus gerendis, Coel. ap. Cic. : the 
 a. husbarulnuin, a. agricola, Virg. ■ v. 
 KEEN, viGor.ois. 4. gnavus or nH- 
 vus : an a. and industrious man, homo 
 gn. et industrius, Cic. : a. f aimers, gn. 
 aratores, Cic. 5. operosus : a. old 
 age, o. sencctus, Cic. 6. industrius: 
 peace keeps the a. and the inactive upon 
 am equality, industries aut ignavos pax 
 in aequo tenet, lac. : Cic. P h r. : to 
 take a man away from a. life, a rebus 
 gerendis abstrahere, avocare, Cic. : to 
 be ever a., semper agere et moliri aliquid, 
 Cic. : to be more a., plus agere, Cic. 
 Note. Impiger signifies readiness to un- 
 dertake; agilis, busy activity ; acer, keen- 
 ness arui vigour of enterprise; gnavus 
 and inaustrius, activity in general as 
 opp. to indolence; operosus, a disposi- 
 tion to undei-take many works : v. also 
 VIGOROUS. Join: acer et diligens: 
 acer et Industrius : gnavus et industrius, 
 experientissimus et diligentissimus: vi- 
 gilans et industrius, Cic. |V, Gram. 
 
 1. 1. : active verbs, agentia verba : to em- 
 ploy active verbs instead of those which 
 have tlie passive form, pro verbis ha- 
 bentibus patiendi figuram agentia po- 
 nere, Gell : verba activa. Charis. 
 
 actively. 1. impigrS: to move a., 
 i. se movere, Liv. : a. to prepare for 
 jvar, i. parare bellura, Liv. : Sail. 2, 
 gnaviter or naviter : to caiTy mi war a., 
 gn. bellum gerere, Liv. 3. strenue : 
 V. VIGOROUSLY. 1* h r. : not less a., non 
 or baud segnius : the tounspeople none 
 the less a. prepared for war. oppidani 
 nihilo segnius bellum parare, Sail. : 
 Liv. 
 
 activity ; I. Disposition or ten- 
 dency to move and be in quick action 
 (cf. "active, IL): 1. agilitas- v. 
 
 AGILITY. 2. mijbilitas: an animal 
 of the most swift a., animal celerrima 
 m., Cic. : the a.'of cavalry, m. eqnitum. 
 Caes. \\, Actual motion , agUauo : the 
 a. and movement of the tongue, a. et 
 motus linguae, Cic. ; the soul can never 
 be free from a. and motion, animus a. 
 et raotu vacuus esse nunquam potest, 
 Cic. To be in a state of a., agitari, mo- 
 veri.Cic. : v. motion. |||. Industry 
 
 12 
 
 and energy: 1. industria: toft out 
 sh ips with the greatest a., naves summa i. 
 armare, Caes.: the a. of Domitius saved 
 Cassiiis, Cassio i. Domilii salutem attu- 
 lit, Caes. : a. on a jnuvney, itineris i.. 
 Suet. 2. gnavltas (or nav.) : your 
 a. for the public good, tua in rempub- 
 licam gn., Cic: With great a., strenue, 
 impigre, etc.: v. actively. 
 
 actor; I. "^"^ "'"' acts: actor: 
 a speaker of vords and an a. of things, 
 orator verborum acturque rerum. Cic. : 
 V. doer. II, A performer of plays : 
 1, actor (which also denotes a 
 pleader, etc., and should not be used 
 unless it is clear from the context that 
 a stage-actor is meant) : good poets and 
 diligent a.s are wont to be most careful 
 in the last act, poetae boni et a. indus- 
 trii in extrenio actu diligentissimi esse 
 Solent, Cic. : a first-rate a., a. sumraus, 
 Cic. : to tolerate bad a.s on the stage, in 
 theatro malos a. perpeti, Cic. : Hor. 
 Also a. scenicus, Quint. 2. histrio, 
 oiiis, m. (used of all kinds of thea- 
 trical performers : v. inf. 5) ; as to 
 the a. a certain delivery, to the dancer 
 a certain movement is assigned, ut 
 histrioni actio, saltatori motus certus 
 est datus, Cic. : to hiss an a. off the 
 stage, h. exsibilare, explodere, Cic: a 
 miserable a, pessimus h., Cic. ; an a. of 
 tragedies or comedies, comoediarum aut 
 tragoediarum h., Plin. 3. liidiusand 
 ludio, onis, m. {an inferior kind of 
 dancing player): Liv.: Cic. 4. «« 
 actor in a tragedy: tragoedus, ni. : the 
 orator needs the voice of a tragic a., vox 
 tragoedurura est requirendus (oratori), 
 Cic. : Hor. 5, "n actor in a comedy : 
 comoedus, m. ■ the man who was not 
 even reckoned among the worst of thea- 
 trical peiformers, became the first of 
 comic a.s, qui ne in novissimis erat 
 hisirionibus, ad primes venii comoedos, 
 Cic. 6. niimus, /. niima: only used 
 oi performers in pantormime: Cic: Ov. 
 7. arlitix scenicus : Sen.: Gell. 
 
 actress: N'>te. As females were 
 nut employed in the Ptoman regular 
 drama, there is no word exactly suit- 
 able : mima signifies a low kind of the- 
 atrical dancer and pantomimic per- 
 former : scenica (for scenica mulier) 
 occurs in Cod. Justin. Liidia (Juv.: 
 Mart.) is apparently equlv. to mima. 
 
 actual, verus: v. real, true. 
 
 actuality: metaphys. t.t., opp. to 
 
 POTENTIALITY; actUS, US {ivT€K4\€{.a, 
 
 Arist.) : Apul. 
 
 actually : fe vera, v. really, TRULY. 
 
 actuary: *acliiarius (prop, a sort of 
 book-keeper or registrar) : Cod. Just. 
 
 actuate: moveo, movi, motum, 2: 
 Impello, puli. pulsum, ; : v. to move, 
 impel, induce, influence. 
 
 acumen : '*'• acuteness. 
 
 acute: \. hit. sharp, pointed (q. 
 v.) : obsol. except in phr. acute angle, 
 acutus angulus, PliiL ||. F i g. of 
 
 the senses: sharp, penetrating: 1. 
 acer, acris, acre; rerj/ a. xnsion, visus 
 acerrimus, I'lin. : Quint. : Cic. 2, acii- 
 tus: an a. scent, a. nares, Hor. |||, 
 Of the intellect: shrewd, penetrating ; 
 1, acutus : a man a. rather than 
 learned, homo a. magis quam eiuditus, 
 Cic. Very a., pgraciitusr a very a. 
 speech, p. oratio, Cic. ; v. shrewd, 
 SUBTLE, NICE. 2. acer: a man of a. 
 intellect, vir a. ingenio, Cic. : v. keen. 
 3. argutus : an a. speaker, a. ora- 
 tor, Cic : very a. sayings, argutissima 
 dicta, Cic. 4, subtilis: an a. judge, 
 judgment, s. Judex, judicium, Cic : Hor. : 
 v. SUBTLE, nice. 5, perspicax (seeing 
 acutely) : you know hoiv a. your father is 
 in seeing these things, patrem novisti, ad 
 has res quam p. sit, Ter. Join: acutus 
 et perspicax : homo est acuttis et mul- 
 tum providens : acuta atque subtilia, Cic. 
 Note. Acutus is opposed to hebes. Phr.: 
 an a. old man (Aesop), emunctae naris 
 senex, Phaedr. : Hor. |V. Of a dis- 
 ease : severe, painful : 1, aciitus : 
 an a. disease, a. morbus, Cels. 2. 
 acer : very a. pain, dolor acerrimus, 
 Cic. V. In music and grammar: 
 
 acatus: a very a. sound, acutissimna 
 sonus, Cic: an a. accent, accentus a. 
 Gram. : the circumflex, a., and grave 
 tones, sonus inflexus, a., gravis, Cic. 
 
 acutely: |. Physically : acute: 
 to sou?«< a., a. sonare, Cic. ||, Fig.: 
 
 I, acute : to think very a., acutis- 
 sime cogitare, Cic: very acutely, per- 
 aciite • to be very a. affected, peracute 
 moveri, Cic. 2. acriter: a young 
 man not a. intelligent, adolescens non 
 a. inlelligens, Cic. 3. argute : to 
 speak skilfully and a., callide a.que 
 dicere, Cic. : to argue must a. about very 
 difficult subjects, argutissime disputare 
 de rebus difficillimis, Cic. : v. keenly, 
 
 SUBTLY. 
 
 acuteness : I, Physical : of the 
 senses: 1. acies, ei, /. (esp. of the 
 ei/es) : to sharpen the a. of the eyes, a. 
 oculonim exacuere, Cic : Plin. 2. 
 acilmen, inis, n. : to be racked with a. 
 of pain, dolorum acuminibus tortari, 
 Ariiob. (rare in this sense). 3, Expr. 
 by adj. or phr. : as, on account of the 
 a. of the pain, propter acutos dolores 
 (v. acute)- when the a. of pain comes 
 on, dolorum cum admoventur faces, Cic 
 
 II. Of the intellect : 1. acies: to 
 study something with all the a. of the in- 
 tellect, omni a. ingenii cuntemplari ali- 
 quid, Cic. 2. acumen : the a. cf in- 
 tellects, ingeniorum acumen, Cic. 3. 
 subtilitas: a. of opinions, s. sententia- 
 rum, Cic. : that a. which they call Attic, 
 ea s. quam Atticam appellant, Cic : 
 Tac. : V. keenness, shrewdness. 4. 
 Expr. by adj., etc: comp. supr. (1. 
 fin.) : a person remarkable for his a., 
 vir naris emunctae, Hor. 
 
 adage : adagium : Gell. : V. PRO- 
 VERB, saying. 
 
 adamant : |. L i t. : magnet, dia- 
 mond: q. V. II. Fig.: something 
 hard and in&:struclible ; adamas, antis, 
 m. : to make an impression upon a. (a3 
 we S!vy, to melt a heart of stone), voce 
 movere adaniaiita. Mart. : Virg. : Oy. 
 
 adamantine: 1. adamanteus: 
 Ov. 2. adamantinus : Lucr. : Hor. : 
 Plin. 
 
 adapt: 1. accommSdo, i (with 
 ad) : V. TO accommodate. 2. com- 
 pono, posui, positum, j : to a. the mind 
 to ad circu7nstances, aninium ad omnes 
 casus c. Quint.: Tac: Plin. Phr.: to 
 a. oneself to anotho's pleasure, se ad 
 alicujus arbitrium, voluutatem, con- 
 vertere, fingere, Cic. 
 
 adaptation : accommodatio : elo- 
 quence is the a. of suitable words and 
 sentiments to the tine of argument, elo- 
 cutio est idoneorum verborum et sen- 
 tentiarum ad inventionem a., Cic. 3nv. 
 1,7,9. (Or expr. by part, of verb : as, 
 by the a. of words to the subject, verbis 
 ad res accommodandis : v. toadapt). 
 
 adapted: 1. accommOdatus (with 
 ad or dat.) : a speech a. to persuade, 
 oratio ad persuadendum a., Cic. : v. 
 fit, adj. (5). 2. accommSdus (with 
 dat.) : rare : a valley a. for .stratagem, 
 vallis a. fraudi, Virg. 3. aptus (usu. 
 with ad or dat.) : a place better a. for 
 ambushes, locus ad insidias aptior, 
 Cic. : what is true, straightforward, and 
 sincere is best a. to man's nature, quod 
 verum, simplex, sincerumque est, id 
 est naturae hominis aptissimum, Cic; 
 / have a hand a. to spin wool, est mihi 
 quae lanas moUiat apta manus , Ov. : v. 
 fit (adj.). 4. inggniosus : naturally 
 adapted (v.-ith dat. OT ad; puet.) : aland 
 naturally a. for the cidtieator, terra 1. 
 colenti, Ov. : laiui naturally a. for 
 corn, i. ad segetes ager, Ov. : v. snrr- 
 
 ABLE. 
 
 add: to P"* or join to, whether 
 arithmetically or otherwise : 1. addo, 
 didi, ditum,"j (with ace. and dat, or 
 ad) : to ascertain a balance by adding 
 and subtracting, addendo deducendoque 
 videre quae reliqui summa fiat, Cic. : 
 to these he adds a few horsemen, his 
 paucos addit equites, Caes. : they a.'d 
 this toil to their daily labours, hunc la- 
 borem ad quotidiana opera addebant, 
 Caes. : Cic. : hence of speech : he a.'d
 
 ADDED 
 
 ADDRESS 
 
 ADHERENT 
 
 iliat he did not dare to act contrari) to 
 the law, addebat se contra legem facere 
 non auderc, Cic. : he offered his snord, 
 adding • that it ivas sharper,' obtulit 
 gladiuin. addlto ' acutiorem esse,' 'lac. : 
 or of thought . add to this the ravaging 
 of the lands, adde hue populatlonem 
 agrorum, Liv. 2. ndjicio. jf'^i. j*'^wii' 
 i (with dat. orad; also m and ace): 
 to add a province to the anpire, a. pro- 
 vinciam imperio, Justin.: Cic: to his 
 warlike renovn he a.'d the glory of 
 genius, ad bellicam laudeni, ingenii 
 gloriatn a(}Jecit, Cic. : to a. sulphur to 
 ivattr, a. sulfur aquae, Cels. : also of 
 speech, like addo C'"')- ^^ "^■'^ ""*' 
 there was poison in the man's house, 
 adjecit in donio ejus venenutn esse, Tac. 
 3. a(}jungo, xi, ctum, j (with dat. 
 or ad) : to a. this one thing (in treating 
 of a subject), hoc unum a., Nep. : he 
 a.'d all cilicia to the empire of HoTtw, 
 totani ad iniperium P. K. adjun.xit Ci- 
 liciam, Cic. : to a. croft to force (the 
 sword), asius a. ferro, Sll. 4, sub- 
 jicio, jeci, etc. (to a. to what has been 
 said) : and he a.s a reason for so think- 
 ing, et cur sic opinetiir ralionem s., Cic. : 
 he a.s that the I'ompHans vere urged 
 on by Sulla, subjicit Pompeianos esse a 
 Sulla impulsos, Cic. 6. astruo (ads.), 
 xi, ctum, } (with dat.) : chiefly in late 
 authors : to a. to the edict of another, a. 
 aliquid edicto alterius, Plin. Pan. : to a. 
 to the glcny of a man, alicujus gloriae 
 a. aliquid. Veil. 6. afflngo, nxi, ctum, 
 J (with dat.) : i. e., to a. in forming, as 
 one icho m<iulds a figure : to the one 
 (pupil) he a.'d mily, from the other he 
 pruned (lit. fled) away, alteri tantuni 
 affinxit, alteri limavlt, Cic. : it is by small 
 momenta that nature a.s, clmnges, or 
 takes away, parvis niomentis nalura aut 
 af., aut mulat, aut detrahit, Cic. Hence 
 esp. of adding something by way of in- 
 vention : I u-ill give you to understand 
 what miscimceptimi has a.'d {to the facts), 
 faciam ut intelligatis quid error affinx- 
 erit, Cic. : to a. to reports, addere et af. 
 rumoribus (foil, by ace. £ind inf.), Caes. 
 7, subjungo : V. TO SUBJOIN. P h r. : 
 to add one's name to a letter, nomen 
 epistolae ascribere, Cic. : to a. the copy 
 of a letter {to one you are vriting), 
 exeniplum literarum (alicujus) subscri- 
 bere, infra scribere, Cic, : v. also, to be 
 
 ADDED. 
 
 added, to be : accede, cessi, 3 (with 
 ad, dat., or adrerb: a dcprnd. clause 
 is connected by quod or ut, ihe former 
 being foil, by indie., the latter by 
 suhj.) : to the highest degree of virtue 
 nothing can be a.'d, ad virtutis sum- 
 nam nihil aocedere potest, Cic. : Cato 
 declared that the only persons vhom he 
 did not envy were those to vhose dignity 
 nothing or not nuich could be a.'d, 
 Cato declaravit iis se solis non invidere 
 quibus nihil aut non niultura ad digni- 
 tatem po.sset accedere, Cic. : to these v ire 
 a.'d eighteen ships, hue accedebant octo- 
 decim naves, Caes. : to this it was a.'d 
 that Hortensitis came into the theatre, 
 accessit hue quod in theatrum Horten- 
 sius introiit, Gael, ap Cic: to this it 
 was a.'d that there was no hope, eo acce- 
 debat ut nihil spei esset, Liv. 
 
 adder : 1. cSluber, bri, TO. : Virg. : 
 Ov. A female adder, colubra: Hur. : 
 Plln. 2. vipera: Prop.: Virg.: Hor. 
 
 adder-stone : Schltes, ae, m. : Plin. 
 
 addict : '" devote (oneself) : v. to 
 DEVOTE ; GIVE UP (II.). Chiefly in pass. 
 and in bad sense, as, to be a.'d to glut- 
 tony, ventri deditum (esse), Sail. P h r. : 
 to become a.'d, or to a. 07>eself to dis- 
 grnreful crimes (lit. to plunge into 
 thc7n), se in flagitia ingurgitare, Cic. : 
 V. to plunge. 
 
 addicted : dedltns (with dat.) : a 
 disposition a. to lust, animus libldini a , 
 Cic. : a. to sensual plea.iures, corporis 
 gaudiis d., Sail. : v. devoted. 
 
 addition: I. I'he act of adding 
 numerically or otherwise: 1. Kxpr. 
 by irf. and ger. of verbs given under to 
 add (q. V.) : as, addition and sttbtrac- 
 tutn are different, *aliu(l est niimero ad- 
 
 dere, allud detrahere, etc. 2. accessio: 
 the a. of a Jew years, accessio paucorum 
 armorum, Cic: also of the tiling added : 
 an a. to a tax, a. decumae, Cic. 3. 
 a^jectlo : heat is not aided by the a. of 
 heat, calor non adjuvatur adjectione ca- 
 loris, S<'n. Also of the thiyig added : 
 the power of Home uas increased by the 
 a. of the Alhan peoph:, Romana res ad- 
 jectione popull Albani aucta, Liv. ||, 
 The thing added (v. also supr. 2, 3) : 
 1. additamentuni : an a. of enemies, 
 a. inimlcorum, Cic. 2. appendix, 
 
 icis, _/. : the small a. of the Jctruscan 
 war, exigua a. Ktrusci belli, Liv : P h r. 
 An a. in writing, ascriptlo : Cic. : in 
 addition to, praeter : v. besides. 
 
 additional: addUicius: Cato thinks 
 that the intercalary month is a.,Calo 
 putat mensem intercalarem a. esse, 
 Cels. Dig. 
 
 addled-eSg: ovum irrltum, urlnum, 
 et zephvriuni : Plin. : abortlvum ovum, 
 Mart. 
 
 addle - headed : inanis, vanus : v. 
 
 SILLV, rOOLI.Sll. 
 
 address (I'C'"'')' I. To direct dis- 
 course either spoken or written to any 
 one: 1, adeo, ivi and ii. itiim, 4 (with 
 ad or ace.) : to address any one in writ- 
 ing, per epistolani aliquem a., PI. : / 
 remember that certain persims a.'d me, 
 ad me adire quosdara memini, Cic. : to a. 
 the gods, deos a., Cic. 2. affari, fatus, 
 I (v. TO SPKAK to) : to a. any one by 
 name, aliquem nomine a., Cic. . we a. 
 Vesta in pi ayer, precando affamur Ves- 
 tam.Ov. 3. alloquor, lOcutus, } (v. 
 to speak to) : to a. a person mildty, 
 honiinem blande a., Ter. : he a.'d the 
 senate in a set speech, senatum compo- 
 slUi oratione allocutns est, Tac. 4. 
 appello, I (v. TO accost) : with what 
 countenance shall I address my father l" 
 quo ore appellabo patrem ? Ter.: he a.'d 
 the ambassadors too haughtily, legates 
 superbius appellavit, Cic. 5. com- 
 pello, 1 (v. TO accost) : to adiiress in 
 song, carmine c. Cat. 6. aggrgdior, 
 gressus, j (usu. with some defining 
 word): ivhy should not I a. this 
 man about her? quln ego hunc a. de 
 ilia? PI.: to a. any (me, aliquem dictis 
 a., Virg. : Tac. ||. To v. rite a di- 
 rection upon a letter, etc. ; inscribo, 
 scripsi, scriptum, j : the boy read a letter 
 a.'d to his father, puer legit epistolam 
 inscriptam patri, Cic. : / u-ill thank you 
 to cause to be conveyed to M. Curius the 
 small parcel which is a.'d to him, tu 
 fasciculum qui est M. Curio inscriptus 
 velim cures ad eum perferenduni, Cic. 
 P h r. : I had a.'d (strictly, given, i. e. to 
 the letter-carrier) a letta- to you about 
 Jjionysius, literas ad te de Dionysio de- 
 dissem, Cic. 
 
 address (subs.) : |. A speaking to : 
 
 1. all6quium : a gentle a., lene a., 
 Liv. 2, affatus, iis : Virg. 3. 
 allQcutIo : Plin. : Suet. : (esp. o conso- 
 latory address) : Cat. : Sen. ||, A 
 document drawn up to be laid liefirre 
 some person or persons in authority : 
 
 1. libellus, i, m. : Atticus drew up an 
 a, and gave it me to present to Caesar, 
 Atticus 1. composuit, eum mihi dedit, 
 ut darem Caesarl, Cic : v. petition. 
 
 2. codicillus, i, m. (usu. in pi.) ■ 
 to petition for anything by an a., pre- 
 cari aliquid per codicillos, Tac. ('J. 
 Manner of speaking to or behaving le- 
 firre others : P h r. : to 6e a persm of 
 good a., omnl vitii atque victu excultum 
 atque expolitum esse, Cic. (v. kefinkd) : 
 to have no a., inhutnanum esse ; urbani- 
 tatis expertem esse ■ in communi vita 
 et vulgari hominum consuetudine he- 
 betem esse ac rudem, Cic. : communi 
 scnsu plane carere, Hor. : v. refined, 
 RUDE. IV, Tact, dexterity : q. v. 
 
 V, In pi. : a.s. of courtship : only 
 in phr. to pay one's a.s : peto : v. to 
 court. VI. ^''* insanptiiin <m a 
 letter : inscriptio : the a. of a htter, 
 epistolae inscriptio (gen. term, includ- 
 ing all kinds of inscriptions : q. v.) 
 Phr.: The greater part of your letters 
 only annminced to me your a., olerae- 
 
 que (epistolae) tantummodo mihi nun- 
 tiabant ubi esses, Cic. : / see that your 
 a. in travelling is altogether uncertain, 
 loca et itinera tua nihil habere cerli 
 video, Cic. 
 
 adduce : to bring forward witnesses 
 or testimimy : \, do, dedi. datum, 
 
 dire : when I shall a. witnesses front 
 Sicily, let hivi select vlu>m he pleases, 
 cum testes ex Sicilia dabo, quem volet, 
 eligat, Cic. : to a. witnesses of eactifact, 
 testes in singulas res d., Cic. 2. pr6- 
 dOco. .\i, ctum, J : to a. vitnesses befort 
 the jury, testes ad judices p., Cic. 3. 
 profCro, tuli, latum, irr. : J will a. will 
 nesses, proferam testes, Cic. : to a. evi- 
 dence, testimonia p., N'ep. Phr.: they 
 a. many tldngs as piohahle proofs 
 against tluit iiVw, mulia in earn partem 
 probabiliter argumentaiitnr, Cic. : v. to 
 
 ALLEGE, BKING KOKWAKD, CITE, QUOTE. 
 
 adept (subs.) : antistes, slilis (tig.) : 
 i'. ma.-teij. 
 adequacy : *■• snrFiciENcr. 
 adequate : 1. idongus : v. fit, 
 ~iiTAiiLE. 2. satis (adv. : o( quantity 
 teemed sufficient) : to keep possession of 
 Ihe harbour witli such garrison as he 
 thought a., cum eo praesidio quod s. esse 
 irl)itrabatiir portura tenere.Caes. : an a. 
 supply of fodder, pabuli s. magna copia, 
 Caes. 3. aptiis (v. fit): setting out 
 with an a. army, profectus a. exercitu, 
 Liv. : an ancestral estate with a. house- 
 hold goods, avi'cus aptocum lare fundus, 
 Ilur 4. dignus (meet, worthy) : an a. 
 punishment, d. poena Qpro factis], .Sail. 
 Cat. ;i, ad init. : Virg. Aen. i, 600. 
 IMir. : to be a. to the bearing of a 
 hiirden, oneri ferendo esse, Liv. 
 adequately : v. sufficiently. 
 adhere : I. To stick or cling 
 to ; whether lit. or fig. : 1. haereo, 
 haesi, haesum, 2 (usu. with in and abl. ; 
 abl. alone ; or dat.) : the shoe a.s to the 
 foot, in pede calceus h., Hor. : foot a.s 
 to foot, and man to man in serried 
 array, h. pede pes, densusque viro vir. 
 Virg. : the wreath a.s to the head, b. 
 capiii corona, Hor. Fig.: all the blame. 
 a.s to you, in te omnis h. culpa. Ten 
 2, c6haereo, 2 (constr. same as 
 haereo, or absol.) : pearls a. to shells, 
 margaritae c in conchis, Plin. : she a.d 
 to the rock, scopulo cohaesit, Ov. the 
 universe a.s so fitly together, mundua 
 ita apte c, Cic. : v. to cohere. 3. 
 Inhaereo, 1 (with ad and ace; or aa 
 haereo) : to a. to rocks {as shell-fish), ad 
 saxa inh., Cic. : the poisoned tunic had 
 a.d to his entrails, lincta tunica visceri- 
 bus (also in visceribus) inhaeserat, Cic. 
 Note. In addition to the above we have 
 the inceptives liaeresco (rare), cohae- 
 resco, inhaeresco (onlj' in imperT 
 tenses), with same construction and 
 sense as the above : as, the atoms a. 
 together, atomi cohaerescunt inter se, 
 Cic. ; phlegm a.ing to Ihe throat, pituita 
 in gula cohaerescens. Plin. : v. to cling 
 to. II, To remain attached to, to 
 abide by : 1. maneo, mansi, mansum, 
 2 (with in and abl.) : if they xiould a. 
 to what had been agreed upon, si in eo 
 manerenl quod convenisset, Claes. : to 
 adJiere to an opinion, in sententia m., 
 Cic. : to a. to the truth, in veritate ra., 
 Cic, (also veritatem retincre, Cic.) 
 
 2. sto, stf ti, staiuin, i (with m or 
 abl.) : II e must adJiere to what has l>een 
 decided, stare oportet in eo quod sit 
 Judicatum, Cic. : to adhere to agreements, 
 conventis stare, Cic. : v. to stand to 
 or Bv ; ATTACH oneself. 
 
 adhere together : cahaereo, ciihae- 
 resco : v. TO adhere (2). 
 
 adherence : v. adhesion. 
 
 adherent: 1. assecla (ads.), m. 
 (usu. with an implication of contempt)- 
 he had l/estoned the telrarchy upon somt 
 a., I know not vhom, tetrarchiam as- 
 seclae nescio cul dederat, Cic. 2. 
 assectator: scnne old a., quidam velus 
 a.. Cic. : an auditor and a. of Protago- 
 ras, auditor a.que Protagorae, Gell. 
 
 3. fautor: an a. of the nobility, 
 nobilltatis f., Cic. 4,' cliens. entls: 
 Caes.: Tac: t. dwendent. Phr.» 
 
 13
 
 ADH ESION 
 
 ADJUTANT 
 
 ADMIRABLY 
 
 those a.s of Plato and Arvstotle, ill! a 
 Platone et Aristotele, Cic. : the a.s of 
 Sulla, faveiites SuUae partibus, Veil.: 
 to be the a.s nf any one, stare ab aliquo, 
 
 Cic. : V. FOLLOWER, SUPPORTER. 
 
 adhesion: I. Lit.: sticking to: 
 adijae^as us, m. (very rare) : the a. of 
 dust, a. pulveris, Lucr. Better expr. 
 by ger., etc. of verb (v. to adhere) : 
 as, to be fastened to or grow into any- 
 thing by a., *adhaerendo affigi, inoles- 
 cere, etc. ||. Fig.: attachment to a 
 person or party : Phr. : he gave in his 
 a. to the party of Vespasian, in partes 
 Vespasiani iransgressus est, transiit, 
 Tac. (v. TO GO OVER) : to give in one's 
 a. to the party of the optimates, optima- 
 tium partes sequi, Liv. Ep. : one irho has 
 given in his a. to no philosophical sect, 
 nuUius addictus jurare in verba magis- 
 tri, Hor. 
 
 adhesive : 1. tenax, acis : a. vax, 
 cera t., Virg. : a very a. soil, tenacissi- 
 mutu solum, Pliu. 2. glutinosus : 
 
 V. GLUTINOUS. 
 
 adhesiveness : 1, lentor, lentltia : 
 T. GLUTiNOusNEss. 2. tenacitas : perh. 
 not found in this precise sense : but v. 
 ADHESIVE ; Clc. uses the word of the 
 graspiny power of talons. 3. tena.\ 
 natura: v. nature. Phr.: a substance 
 possessed of tite greatest a., res omnium 
 lenacissima, Plin. 
 
 adieu : ave, salve, vale : v. fare- 
 well. 
 
 adjacent ; 1. finltimus, confinis : 
 V. BORDERING. 2. continens, entis: 
 that part of Cappadocia which is a. to 
 Cilicia, Cappadociae pars ea quae cum 
 Cilicia c. est, Cic. 3. subjectus (lit. 
 lying under) : a zone of the earth a. to 
 the north, cingulus terrae s. aquiloni, 
 Cic. : a brook a. to Scipio's camp, rivus 
 castris Scipionis s., Caes. : Liv. 4. 
 
 TicinUS: v. NEIGHBOURING. 5. OU- 
 
 terminus : v. bordering. To be a., ad- 
 jaceo (with dat. ; ad and cccc. ; or ace. 
 alone) : the Tuscan territory is a. to the 
 Roman, a. ager Tuscus Komano, Liv.: 
 One nations which are a. to that sea, 
 gentes quae mare illud a., Nep. ; to be 
 a. to the Syrtis, ad Syrtim a., Mela: v. 
 TO border on ; adjoin. 
 
 adjective : 1. adjectivum nomen, 
 Prise. 2. adjectivum, Macr. 3, 
 appositum, Quint. 
 
 adjectively : ut appSsItum, pro ap- 
 posite : the word is used a., *vocabulum 
 pro apposito ponitur. 
 
 adjoin: |. Trans. : v. to join 
 to. II. In trans.: chiefly in part, 
 adjoining (q. v.). To adjoin, adjaceo : 
 
 v. ADJACENT (Jm-) ■ V. TO BORDER 
 ON. 
 
 adjoining : 1. adjunctus (ynth dat. 
 or absol.) : the windpipe has its entrance 
 a. the roots of the tongue, aspera arteria 
 ostium habet a. linguae radicibus, Cic. : 
 an islanil a. the town, insula a. oppido, 
 Nop.: a. farms, praedia a., Cic. 2. 
 conjunctus (with dat. or absol.) -. a re- 
 gion a. the ocean, regio oceano c, Hirt. : 
 dwelling-houses a. the wall, tecta c. 
 muro, Liv. 3. contiguus : they lived 
 in a. houses, c. tenuere domos, Ov. : Tac. 
 4. appliciitus, applicltus (with dat. : 
 strictly, leaning against) : Leiicas a. a 
 hill, L. colli applicata, Liv. ; a sireat- 
 ing-chamber a. the bedroom, applicitum 
 cubiculo hypocaustum, Plin. 5. ap- 
 pSsitus (with dat.) : the tenth region of 
 Italy a. the Adriatic sea, decima regio 
 Italiae Adriatico marl a., Plin. : Tac. 
 6. confinis : v. bordering. 
 
 adjourn : A. T r a n s. : 1. amplio, 
 1 (only of legal cases) : the law gives a 
 power of adjourning {the cause), lex 
 ampliandi facit potestatem, Cic. : to a. 
 a man's case, aliquem a., Cic. (also com- 
 perendino, to a. an accused person to the 
 third day : Cic). 2. diffgro, distiili, 
 dilatum, j : let us a. the other subjects 
 till to-morrow, reliqua differamus in 
 crastinum, Cic. : to a. (in the senate) the 
 consiiieration of the Campanians' case, 
 Campanos dif., Liv. 26, jj. 3. pi'5- 
 f6ro, } : the matter was a.'d for a year, 
 res in annum prolatae, Liv. : v. to 
 14 
 
 PUT OFF, postpone. B. I n t t ft n 8. : 
 Phr.: the council resolved to a. till th£ 
 following day, *visuni est concilio rem 
 (integram) in crastinum differre, pro- 
 ferre {integram would imply that the 
 matter was not discussed at all on the 
 first occasion). 
 
 adjournment : (,0f a Ugal case) : 
 1. ampliatio : Sen. : Ascon. ad Cic. 
 (also comperendlnatio, which was an a. 
 of tlie accused person's case till the third 
 day). 2. dilatio (gen. term) : to beg 
 for an a. of a case, d. petere. Suet. : 
 •Cic. : V. DELAY, POSTPONEirENT. Phr.; 
 by the a. of the matter from day to day, 
 *ex die in diem (diem de die, LiT.) rem 
 differeudo, proferendo : to oppose the a., 
 *enili ne aliquid differatur : during the 
 time of the a. of the council, *concilio 
 intermisso ; dum concilium intermit- 
 titur : V. to adjourn. 
 
 adjudge : 1. addico, dlxi, dictum, 
 J : to a. a free person to slavery, liberum 
 corpus in servitutem a., Liv. 2. ad- 
 jQdico, I : no one doubted that the house 
 had been a.d to us, nemo dubitabat quin 
 domus nobis esset acyudicata, Cic. : v. 
 TO award, decree, sentence. 
 
 adjudicate : v. to decide, judge. 
 
 adjudication: 1. addictio: the 
 a. and delivery of goods and possessions 
 {estate), bonorum possessionumque a. 
 et condonatio, Cic. 2. adjiidicatio : 
 Dig. 3. More usu. expr. by part, of 
 verb : as, to set any one's a. at nought, 
 alicujus rem judicatam irrltam facere, 
 Cic. : v. to decide, judge. 
 
 adjunct: 1. adjunctio; an a. of 
 virtue, virtutis a., Cic. 2. accessio : 
 Syphax an a. of the Punic war, Sy- 
 phax a. Punici belli, Liv. : Plin. 3. 
 appendix, icis,/. : v. appendage. 
 
 adjuration : '• e., appeal to an oath 
 or some sai:red thing : 1. obtestatio : 
 it is my place to remember with what 
 (solemn) a. you charged me, mei officii 
 est meminisse qua ob. raihi mandaris, 
 Cic. ; to have recourse to prayers and 
 a.s, in preces ob.que verti, Liv. 2. 
 obsecratio : an a. of the judges by tlieir 
 dearest ties, o. judicum per carissima 
 pignora, Cic: v. entreaty. 
 
 adjure ; 1. obtestor. i : la. you by 
 all the gods to undertake the tcliole busi- 
 ness, per omnes deos te obtestor ut totam 
 rem suscipias, Cic. : / a. and implore 
 all the gods, deos omnes imploro atque 
 ob., Cic. : / beseech and a. you to show 
 this man pity, oro ob.que vos ut miseri- 
 cordiam huic tribuatis, Cic. 2. oh- 
 secro, I : to entreat and a. any one, ali- 
 quem orare atque ob., Cic. : he o.d him 
 by the ashes of his departed brother, eum 
 ob. per fratris sui mortui cineres, Cic. 
 Note, obtestor and obsecro had both orig. 
 a religious force, obtestor always re- 
 tained this meaning, but obsecro freq. 
 means simply to entreat : v. to entreat : 
 often in combination with obtestor: 
 as, id ut facias obtestor atque obsecro, 
 Cic. 
 
 adjust: I. ^o cause to fit, adapt : 
 
 I. apto, I (with dat.) : to a. chains 
 to the neck, vincula coUo a., Ov. : to a. 
 arrows to the string, sagittas nervo a., 
 V^irg. 2. concinno, i : to a. a robe, 
 pallam c, PI. : v. to arrange, fit. 
 
 II. To settle {differences) : q. v. 
 
 adjuster: v. arranger. 
 
 adjustment : 1. composUlo : tlie 
 a. of things, rerum c, Cic. 2. struc- 
 tiira : the a. ojl stones {in building), s. 
 lapidum, Quint.: Cels.; the a. of the 
 toga, togae s., Macr. : v. arrangement, 
 settlement. 
 
 adjutancy: optionatus, Cs : Cato; 
 V, adjutant. 
 
 adjutant : optlo, onis, m. (This was 
 the title of assistant officers appointed 
 by the tribunes of the legion : ' optiones 
 ab optando appellati, quod anteceden- 
 tybus aegritudine praepeditis, hi tan- 
 quam adoptati eorum atque vicarii so- 
 lent universa curare,' Veget. 2, -j) : a. 
 of the first legion, optio tribuni legionis 
 primae, Inscr. We also find ac^utor tri- 
 buni, Inscr. : while Kraft (s. v.) gives 
 adjutor castrensis, after Wyttenbach. 
 
 admeasurement : v. measure, 
 measurement. 
 
 administer : I. fo manage, exe' 
 cute (q. V.) : administro, i : to a. public 
 affairs, rerapublicam a., Liv. : to a. the 
 laws, leges a., Cic. ||. To dispense 
 (justice) : 1. reddo, didi, ditum, j : 
 to a. justice, jura reddere, Liv. ; jus red- 
 dere, Tac. : Suet. 2. dico, dixi, dic- 
 tum, 3 : Volcatius a.s justice at Rome, 
 V^olcatius Romae jus d., Cic. |||. To 
 cause to take (medicine) : 1. do, dedi, 
 datum, dare : to a. medicine to any one, 
 medicamentum alicui d., Cic. 2. ad- 
 hibeo, 2 : Hippoaates forbids us to a. 
 medicine to those whose rec ivery is hope- 
 less, desperatis Hippocrates vetat a. 
 medicinam, Cic. 3. ingero, gessi, ges- 
 tum, i (only with ref. to beasts: with 
 ate. and oti ; aec. alone; ovabl.): Plin.: 
 Pall. IV. To cause to take (an oath) : 
 
 1. adigo, egi, actum, i (with ace. 
 of person and jusjurandum . this verb 
 implies that the taking of the oath was 
 compulsory): an oath being a 'd to all, 
 omnibus jusjurandum adactis, Caes. : he 
 a.'d an oath to the accomplices of his 
 crime, ad jusjurandum populares sceleris 
 sui adegit. Sail. : he a.'d an oath to tite 
 people, populum jurejurando adegit, I/iv. 
 
 2. rogo, I (with abl. sacrament. ■) : 
 to a. an oath to soldiers, milites sacia- 
 mento r., Caes. : Liv. V. Legal 1. 1. : 
 to act as administrator (q. v.) of the pro- 
 perty of an intestate person : procilro, 
 I (.') : to a. an inheritance, hereditaiem 
 ab intestato p., cf. Cic. Att. 6, 9 : to a. 
 to mie's father, patri p., Scaev. VI. 
 To supply or contribute to : q. v. 
 
 administration: I. JSxecutiim, 
 
 management : 1. administratio : the 
 performance and a. of great aff'airs, 
 rerum magnarum agitatio atque a., Cic. : 
 the a. of public affairs, a. reipubli.ae, 
 Cic. 2. ciira : the whole a. of public 
 affairs, omnis c rerum publicarum. 
 Sail. 3. piociiratio : the a. of public 
 affairs, p. reipublicae, Cic. Phr.: to 
 intrust the consuls with the entire a. of 
 the state, consulibus rempublicam per' 
 mittere, Cic. : v. direction, manage. 
 MENT. II, Tlie persons constituting 
 the government of a country : v. go- 
 vernment (IV.). Ill, Dispensation, 
 distribution : Phr.: the a. of justice, 
 jiirisdictio : / had finished the a. of 
 jasiiec, jurisdictionem confeceram, Cic: 
 time is given in trials and the a. of 
 justice, tempus in judiciis ac foro dalur. 
 Quint. : Cic. |V. Legal 1. 1.: Phr.: 
 to giant letters of a. to an intestate's 
 estate, *permittere ut quis ab intestato 
 heresfial; s. bonis ab intestato succe- 
 dat ; jus bonorum ab intestato procuran- 
 dorum alicui deferre: v. intestate. 
 
 administrative: Phr.-. to possess 
 a. ability, *in rebus ordinandis atque 
 gerendis excellere : as a politician, *rei- 
 publicae adminlstrandae peritum esse : 
 the whole a. power is vested in the king, 
 *tota potestas reipublicae adminlstran- 
 dae regem penes est : a. reform, *rerum 
 publicarum (or reipublicae) administra- 
 tionis correctio ; v. to administer. 
 
 administrator: I. A. manager. 
 1, administrator: a general is an 
 a. for carrying on war, imperator est a. 
 belli gerendi, Cic. 2. prociirator: 
 the a. of a kingdom, regni p., Caes. ||, 
 Legal 1. 1. a person empowered by letters 
 of administration to manage and dis- 
 pose of an estate : * procurator bonorum 
 intestati ; or ab intestato ; v. intestate. 
 
 admirable : Deserving of admira- 
 tioni : 1, admirabilis : a man a. in 
 oratory, a. in dicendo vir, Cic, : a more 
 a. speech, adniirabilior oratio, Cic: a. 
 and exemplary wisdom, a. et singularis 
 sapientia, Cic. 2- mirabilis (v. won- 
 derful): you have done greater and 
 more a. things, majora ac mirabiliora 
 fecisti, Cic. 3. admirandus; patient 
 to an a. degree, patiens a. in modum, 
 Nep. : V. wonderful, excellent. 
 
 admirable (interj.) -. euge : PI. : Ter. 
 
 admirableness : v. wondkeful- 
 
 NESS, EXCELLENCE. 
 
 admirably: 1. admirabiliter ; to
 
 ADMIRAL. 
 
 \DMONrSH 
 
 A I> O P T I O N 
 
 manage all things a., omnia a. adminis- 
 trare, Cic. Asia has received us a., iios 
 Asia accepit a.,Cic. 2. praeclare : a 
 statue a made of viarblis, simulacrum 
 p. factum e marmore, Cic. : to say 
 anything a., aliquid p. dicerc, Cic: v. 
 
 EXCKI.I.ENTLT. 
 
 admiral: 1. praefectusclassis, etc.: 
 Liv. 2. class! praepositus : Suet. 
 Phr. : to appoint atty one a., aliqviem 
 nayibus praeponerc, Cic. ; allqueni 
 classi praoficere, Caes. : to bean a., classl 
 praeesse, Suet.; lord high a., toti officio 
 maritimo praepositus, Caes. : the ojlkr. of 
 a., *classis praefectuni : the a.'s ship, 
 praetoria navis, Liv.; imperatoria iia- 
 vis, I'lin. 
 
 admiralty : '^- ""^ board nf direc- 
 tion in iiaoafatrairs : il qui toti officio 
 maritimo praepositi sunt (cf. Caes. B. C. 
 3, 5). A board of tuo corresponding to 
 our admiralty are designated by Llvy, 
 9, JO, duumviri navaies classls ornaiidae 
 reficlendaeque causa. 
 
 admiration: admiratio: those per- 
 sona are objects of a. who are thought to 
 surpass others in virtue, admlratione 
 afficiuntur ii qui anteire ceteris virtiite 
 putantur, Cic. : justice procures a. (for 
 those who display it), Justltla conticil a., 
 Cic. : this excites very great a. u> me, 
 hoc mihi maxlmam a. movet, Cic. : the 
 a. of men, humana a., Liv. : uvrthy of a., 
 admirandus, admlrabilis, etc.: v. ad- 
 
 MIKABLK. 
 
 admire : 1. admiror, 1 (usu. but not 
 always in gimd sense) : I greatly a. your 
 ability, Ingeniura tuum veiiementer ad- 
 miror, Cic. : people most of all a. him 
 who is not injiuenced by money, niaxlme 
 admlrantur cum qui pecunia non mo- 
 vetur, Cic. 2. miror, i (strictly only 
 to wonder at ; q. v.) : to a. and extol 
 anything too much, aliquid nlniium m. 
 atque efferre, Cic. : to a. foolishly , stulte 
 m., Hor. : to a. statues, signa m., Sail. : 
 to a. oneself (i.e. be vain), se mlrari. 
 Cat. Phr.: not to be a.d, admirationem 
 non habere, Cic. : to be greatly a.d, in 
 magna admlratione esse, Plln. 3. 
 amo (to love) : v. TO love. 
 
 admirer : 1. admirator : an a. of 
 antiquity, antiquitatis a., Quint. 2. 
 mirator : an a. of himself, sui m., Sen. 
 3. laudator: an a. of the time n hen 
 he was a boy, 1. temporis actl se puero, 
 Hor. : V. APPLACDER. 4. amans (a 
 locer) : T. LOVER. 
 
 admiringly : mostly with to look, 
 
 gaze; when It may be expr. by (1.) 
 miror : as, to look a. on statues, pictures, 
 chased plate, slgna, tabulas pictas, vasa 
 caelata m., Sail. A stronger expression is 
 (2.) stiipeo, to gaze a., or in stupified 
 astojiishment (with in and abl. ; abl. 
 alone; orabsol. : also poet, occ.) : whiU 
 you speak thus, we look on a., haec cum 
 loqueris nos s., Cic. : to gaze a. on in- 
 scriptions and busts, s. in titulis imagi- 
 nibusque, Hor. : to look a. upon bronzes, 
 aere s., Hor.: some look a. on the fatal 
 gift, pars stupet donum exltlale, Virg. 
 May also be expr. by imperf. part. : as, 
 she gazes a., *mirans Intuetur; or, cum 
 (magna, maxima, etc.) admlratione in- 
 tuetur. 
 
 admissibility: expr. by gei-und. of 
 verbs signUying to admit, and verb 
 sum: as, Vie judge decided in favour 
 of the a. of the evidence, praetor Judl- 
 cavit testimonium sumendum esse (cf. 
 Cic. Rose. Com. j, 9): thei-e can be 
 no doubt as to the a. of the evidence, 
 •dubitari non potest quin sumendum sit 
 testimonium : ire were in doubt as to 
 the a. of your friend into the club, *du- 
 bitabamus num amicus tuus in soda- 
 litatem co-optandus esset (or co-optari 
 deberet). 
 
 admissible ; expr. by gerund, of 
 rerbs signifjing to admit (q. v.) : as, 
 Caesar thought that proposals from those 
 v)hohad begged for peace, and then xinth- 
 out provocation, had made war, tcere 
 not a., Caesar condltiones acciplendas 
 non arbitrabatur ab lis qui, petita pace, 
 nltro bellum iitulissent, Caes.: thisevi- 
 ienc* is not a., *hoc testimonium sumen- 
 
 dum non est. : this man is not a into our 
 club, *hic homo In nostram sodalltatem 
 non est a>-optandus (or, dignus non est 
 qui in nostram sodalltatem co-optetur) : 
 your claim is not a., *postulatlunl tuae 
 conceiliiiduni non est 
 
 admission ; I- -^ letting in, or 
 being let in : 1. aditus, accessus v. 
 ACCKss. 2. admlsslo (in late writers: 
 esp. of admission to a person of Import- 
 ance) : to grant a. to any one, allcui a. 
 dare, Plln. : Sen. 3. admissus, lis (late 
 and very rare) : the a. of the sun, soils 
 a. Pall. 4. expr. by verb : as un- 
 worthy of a., indlgnus qui acolplatur, 
 admittatur, etc. : to pollute the senate by 
 the a. of the sotis of freedmen, senatum 
 llbertinorum filiis lectis Inqulnare, Liv. : 
 V. to Ai>Mrr. ||. Acknoicledyment, 
 
 confession, q.v. 
 
 admit: I. Toalloiv to enter : \, 
 admitto, misi, missum, j (with in or ad 
 and ace): to admit an ambassador into 
 one's bed-room, Icgatum in cublculum 
 a., Cic. Fig.: we are not a.'d (to exa- 
 mine) the fasti, ad fastos non admltti- 
 mur, Liv. : the mention of peace must 
 not be a.'d to our ears, pads meiitio au- 
 rlbus admlttenda non est, Liv. 2. 
 rgclpii), i : / am shut out, he is a.'d., ego 
 excludur, ille recipitur. Per. : to a. any- 
 one into one's territories, aliquem finibus 
 suls r., Caes. : to a. a person to one's 
 house, homlnom doraum suam r., Cic. : 
 to a. anyone to tMinijuets, aliquem ad 
 epulas r., Cic. Fig.: toa. Tarquin into 
 the state, Tarquinium in civitatem r., 
 Cic: too. a person to one's friendship, 
 hominem in amicitiam r.. Sail. 3. 
 recepto, 1 (to a. often): to a. traders, 
 mercatores r., Liv. 4. acclpio, cepi, 
 ceptum, } : to a. water (of a ship), a. 
 Imbrem, Virg. Fig.: a.'d to the rirhts 
 of citizenship, in civitatem acceptl, Liv. . 
 Cic 5. ascisco, scivl, scitum, } : 
 
 (fig.): they u-ere at the same time a.'d 
 into the state and into the senate, siniul 
 in civltat«m et patres asciti sunt, Liv. : 
 few were a.'d to a knrwledge of the n-ime, 
 in conscientlam faclnoris pauci asciti, 
 Tac. II. To admit of , allow : T^cipiv, 
 J : the affair now a.ing no further delay, 
 re jam non ultra reclpiente cunciatlo- 
 nem, Liv. : neither does virtue a. of in- 
 constancy, nor nature of fickleness, nee 
 inconstantlam virtus r., nee varletatem 
 natura, Cic : fear does not a. of pity, 
 tlmor misericordiam non r.,Caes. |||, 
 To receive as true or valid: 1. do, 
 d6di, datum, dare : if you a. the first 
 you must a. all, prima si dederls, danda 
 sunt omnia, Cic. : v. to grant. 2. 
 nosco, novi, notum, } : that part of the 
 apology I neither a. nor approve, illam 
 partem excusationis nee n. nee probo, 
 Cic. : / am afraid that no one will a. 
 that reason, vereor ne istam causam 
 nemo noscat, Cic: v. to acknowledge. 
 
 admittance : v. admission. 
 admitted, it is: constat, i (usu. 
 
 with ace. and inf.) : it is a.'d by all, 
 inter omnes constat, Cic. : it is a.'d by 
 the augurs tliat their number ought to 
 be unequal, inter augures constat. Im- 
 parem numeruni debere esse, Liv. : 
 the major premiss contains some obvi- 
 ous fact, which must be a.'d by all, pro- 
 posltio in se qulddara continet perspl- 
 euum et quod constare inter omnes ne- 
 cesse est, Cic. 
 
 admitting that : v. granting. 
 
 admixture; v. mixtuisk. 
 
 admonish : 1. moneo, z (usu. 
 with ut or ne and subj,, unless it signify 
 to remind of an actual fact : v. t« kk- 
 mind) : 7ior do ice attend to those things 
 if which u-e are a.'d by nature, nee ea 
 quae a natura monemur, audimus, Cic. : 
 he a.s Dumnorix to avoid all causes of 
 suspicion for the future, Dumnorigem 
 ni. ut in rellquum tempus omnes suspic- 
 iones vitet, Caes. 2. admSnCo, 2 
 
 (sense and constr. same as moneo) : to 
 a. in a very friendly way, amicissime 
 adm., Cic. : it is absurd for you to a. me 
 of that, ridiculum est te istuc me adm., 
 Ter. : Caes. 3. comm6n6o, 2 (some- 
 what stronger than moneo : constr. the 
 
 same) : the examples of others a. me 
 how easy and useful this is for me, qoxun 
 mihi sit facile atque utile aliorum ex- 
 empla c, Ter. : Cic: v. to advise, hb- 
 cohmend, remind. 
 admonisher : monitor, admOnltor: 
 
 v. ADV I>F:I:, MuMTOlt. 
 
 admonishment, admonition : |. 
 
 The act of admonishing : 1. mSnltloj 
 let a. be without bitterness, m. aLCvrbilnte 
 careat. Cic. 2. admOnltlo: a. is a 
 kind of nu/re gentle reproof, a. quasi 
 lenior olijurgatio est, Cic 3- expr. 
 by gerund, of verbs to admonish (q. v.) : 
 as, neither by a. nor by reproof, *nec 
 admonendo nee objurgando, etc ||, 
 
 The irords uttered : 1. mOnltum : to 
 be led by the a.s of tlie gmls, deorum 
 monitis duel, Cic. 2- adm5nltum 
 (very rare): Cic. 3. mOnltus, Os : to 
 deliver severe as, m. acres tradere, VaL 
 Fl. : the a.s of lightnings, m. fiilmlnnm, 
 Plin. 4. admonltus (found in cM. 
 sing, only) : by the a. of the pullarii 
 (keepers of sacred fowl), admonitu pul- 
 lariorum, Cic (monitio, admonitio, also 
 may be used in this concrete sense : Cic. 
 Suet.) : V. advice, warning. 
 
 admonitory ; monltorlus • a. light- 
 ning, m. fulmen. Sen. 
 
 ado : Difficulty, trouble : q. v. : 
 chiefly in certain phr.: as, with miKh 
 ado, aegre, vix: v. with DiFFicDLxr: 
 to Tnake much cuU) about nothing, arcem 
 facere e cloaca, Cic. : fJuctus in simpulo 
 excitare, Cic. (v. fuss) : without more 
 ado, statlm: v. immf.diatf.lt. 
 
 adolescence : adeiescentla : Cic. : V. 
 
 YOUTH. 
 
 adolescent : SdSlescens, entls : on a. 
 man, homo a., Cic. : an a. daughter, 
 tilla adolestens, Cic. 
 
 adopt: I. Lit. : To admit as a 
 member of a family : 1. adopto, I 
 (of a minor) : he a.'d the younger .'^cipio 
 from the family of Faulus, minorem 
 Sclplonem a Paulo adoptavit, Cic. : to a. 
 anyone into a family, aliquem in fami- 
 liam ad.. Suet. 2. arrogo, i (only of 
 adults, or of persons sui juris, and ef- 
 fected only by a lex curiata) : to a. as 
 a son, ar. aliquem in locum filii, Ulp. : 
 Gell. : Dig. 3. assumo, sumpsl, 
 
 sumptum, i : to a. a son, filium ass. 
 Plin. : Tac. 4. in familiam induce: 
 he had a.'d Agrippa's sons. Cuius and 
 Lucius, into the family of the Caesars, 
 genitos Agrippa, C. et L., in familiam 
 Caesarum induxerat, Tac. ||, Fig.: 
 To admit, resolve on, choose, etc.: 1. 
 ascisco, sclvi, scitum, } (of laws, cus- 
 toms, rites, etc.): which laies the Latins 
 a.'d, quas leges I>atini lusciverunt, Cic. : 
 to a. foreign rites, peregrinos ritus asc, 
 Liv. : to a. new words, asc. nova verba, 
 Hor. 2. assiimo, j : the riles of Ceres 
 were a.'d from Creece, sacra Cereris as- 
 sunipta de (jiraecia sunt, Cic. Phr.: to 
 a. any one's opinion (only of senators, 
 who divided on a question), in aliciijus 
 sententlara pedibus ire, Liv.: to a. a 
 Certain course, aliquam rationem sequi, 
 Cic. (v. to FOLLOW) : to a. a plan of 
 doing something, consilium aliquid fa- 
 cieiicii capere, inire, Caes. : to a. I'ersian 
 customs, mores Persanim induere. Nep. : 
 similarly. p<>regrinis moribus se oblinere 
 (only of iMd customs), Cic; they had 
 a.'d Roman rites, liomana sacra suscep- 
 erant, Liv. 
 
 adopter: I- Lit.: 1. adop- 
 tator (of a minor) : Gell. : Ulp. 2. 
 arrOgator (of an adult): Gaius. ||, 
 Fig.: expr. by rel. and rerb : as, tte 
 a.S of this opinion, *qui banc senten- 
 tlam sequuntur, tuentur : v. to adoft, 
 
 FOLLOW. 
 
 adoption: I. Lit.: 1. adoptio 
 
 (of a minor) : a.s of sons, adoptlones 
 tiilorum, Cic. : ad. by a consul, ad. con- 
 sularls, Quint. 2. adoptatio ( i. q. 
 
 adoptio): Sail.: Gell. 3. arrogiitio 
 (of an adult or a person sui juris) : Gell. : 
 I*iB- II. Fig.: of customs, laws. etc. 
 a*.sumptio : sometliing worthy of a, 
 aliquid dignum assumptlone, Cic^ 
 Note. Often better expr. by part, of 
 verb : as. nor was the a of Tiberius a* 
 
 IS
 
 ADOPTIVE 
 
 ADVANCE 
 
 ADVANCE 
 
 fits successor dictated by affection, ne 
 Tiberium quidem caritate successorem 
 ascitum, Tac. ; by the a. of this plan, 
 hoc consilio capto, inito, etc. : v. to 
 
 ADOPT. 
 
 adoptive ; adopUvus. a. sacred rites, 
 sacra ad., Cic. : an a. father, pater ad., 
 Ulp. : an a. son, ad. fiiius, Suet. 
 
 adoiable: i- e. deserving of a^lora- 
 tion or ivorship: use gerund, of verbs 
 to adore, ivorship: as, Phoebus and 
 Diana ruler of the woods, ever a. and 
 adm'ed, Phoebe silvarumque potens Di- 
 ana, colendi semper et culti, Hor. : 
 similarly with adorandus (Suet.) ; vene- 
 randus (Cic.) ; though no one of the 
 above is quite so strong as the English 
 word. 
 
 adorably : perh. divine : V. DIVINELY. 
 
 adoration : v. worship. 
 adore: I. Strictly, to uorship, re- 
 vereni-V, pray to ; ven6ror, i : adoro, I : 
 
 V. TO WOBSHIP, REVEREXCK, PRAY TO. 
 
 II. In modified sense, to be devoted 
 to, admire : q. v. (comp. also adorable, 
 fin.). 
 
 adorer : ^- wokshipper, admirer. 
 
 adorn : 1. orno, i : to a. the horns 
 irilh garlands, comua sertis o., Virg. 
 Fig.: you, have always a.'d your art, is- 
 tamartemsemperornasti.Cic. 2. ex- 
 orno, I : statvxs a. the place, signa locum 
 ex., Cic. P'ig. : to a. philosophy with 
 false glory, philosophiam falsa gloria ex., 
 Cic. — Note. Both orno and exorno sig- 
 r.ify also to /it oat, equip (q.v.) ; while the 
 two following words, decoro, distinguo 
 (properly, to mark here and there), refer 
 more exclusively to decoration. 3. 
 decoro, i : to a. a town itith monuments, 
 oppidum nionumentis d., Cic. : to a. a 
 funeral pile with glittering arms, pyram 
 fulgentibus amiis d., Virg. Fig.: they 
 used to a. the temples of the gods mtk 
 their piety, delubra deofum pietate de- 
 corabant. Sail. 4. distinguo, stlnxi, 
 stinctum, j (v. Note, supr.) : to a. a cup 
 with gems, d. poculum geinmis, Cic. : 
 the heavens a.'d with stars, coelum astris 
 distinctum (studded) et omatuni, Plin. 
 Fig.: to a. a speech, oratiomm d., Cic. 
 5, illustro, I : i.e. to rend/'r bril- 
 liant, distinguished: to a. a man with 
 praise, il. aliquem laudibus, Luce. ap. 
 Cic. : figwative expressions a. speech, il. 
 orationem iranslata verba, Cic. 6. 
 colo, colui, cultum, J : they a. their 
 wrists and arms with gold, brachia et 
 lacertos auro colunt, Curt, (but this is a 
 rare use: it mostly denotes to bestow 
 care upon, and so to adorn') : to a. 
 (strictly, attend to) the person, corpora 
 c, Ov.; Tib. Similarly 7. excolo, 
 f. to a. a floor with marbles, marmo- 
 ribus solum ex., Plin. 8. como.mpsi, 
 mptum, } (strictly only of the hair) : v. 
 
 to DECK, EMBELLISH. 
 
 adorned : ('n addition to the parti- 
 ciples omatus, exornatus, disiinctus, 
 etc., V. to adorn) : d?corus : Bacchus 
 a. with golden horn, Bacchus aureo d. 
 comu, Hor. ■ Caesar a. with the well- 
 earned ivreath, Caesar merita fronde d., 
 Hor.: chiefs a. with purple, ductores 
 ostro d., Virg. : v. graceful, comely. 
 
 adomer: exomator: Cic 
 
 adornment: I. Theactofadom. 
 
 ing. 1. exomatio things which per- 
 tain to a., quae ad ex. ))ertinent, Cic. ap. 
 Col. 2. omaiio Vitr. 3. oma- 
 tus, iis, m. : nor is there only one mode 
 of a. (of the hair), nee genus omatus 
 unum est, Ov. : for the a. of his aedile- 
 ship, ad omatum aedilitatis, Cic. 4. 
 Kxpr. by gerund. : as, to use figures for 
 the a. of speech, *ad orationem oraan- 
 dam atque illustrandam verbis tmnslaUs 
 uti: V. to adorn. II, That trith which 
 anything is a.'d : omamentum, omatus, 
 
 CUllUS, etc : V. ORNAMENT. 
 
 adrift (adv.) -. \. e. drifting before the 
 wind fn- current (only in certain phr.) . 
 to be a. upon the sea, maritirais fluctibus 
 jactari, Nep. ; in salo fiuctuare, Cic. 
 (whether of ships or persons) : to set a 
 sh i/> a., *navem solvere et fluctibus com- 
 mittere ; *navem fluctibus quoquoversus 
 deferendam pennittere: to set a man a. 
 l6 
 
 in a small boat, *aliquem lintriculo im- 
 positum aperto mari committere : v. to 
 
 DRIFT. 
 
 adroit : 1. callldus : Mercury a. 
 in concealing by a laughable theft what- 
 ever has taken his fancy, Mercurius 
 callidus quidquid placuit jocoso condere 
 furto, Hor. : v expert, clevkr. 2. 
 soUers, ertis (solers) : v. skilful, inge- 
 nious, DEXTEROUS. 
 
 adroitly : v- dexterously. 
 adroitness : ■^- dexterity. 
 adulation : adiilatio, assentatio, etc. 
 
 V. FLATTERY. 
 
 adulator: v. flatterer. 
 
 adulatory : v. flattemxg. 
 
 adult (adj.) : 1. adultus : an a. 
 maiden, ad. virgo, Cic. : a lad of a._ age, 
 puer adulta aetate, Cic. 2. pubes, is, 
 and eris : till a. age, ad p. aetatem, 
 Liv. 3. grandis, e: v. grown up. 
 
 adult (s«6«) • 1. adultus homo: 
 V. ADULT (adj.). 2. puber, piibes, 
 eris: as subs, only in pi : all the a.s 
 were put to the snord, omnes p. truci- 
 dati sunt, Tac. : Caes.. Liv. 3. As 
 coll.ect. subs., pubes, /. (not including 
 aged persons) : v. youth, grown up. 
 
 adulterate: 1. aduit^ro.i: to a. 
 balsam, yiard. aniomum, nardum ad., 
 Plin. : to a. very successfully, fallacis- 
 sime ad., Plin. 2. vitio, i : v. to 
 corrupt, tamper with. 
 
 adulterated: 1. adulteratus: 
 a. saltpetre, nitrum ad., Plin. 2. 
 adulterinus : a. scammony, ad. scam- 
 monium, Plin.: v. false, counterfeit. 
 
 adulterator: adulterator.- (app. 
 only found in sense of counterfeiter of 
 coin): qui adiilterat, etc. 
 
 adulteration: 1- Sdulteratlo: 
 the a. of saffron, croci ad., Plin. 2. 
 adnlterlum : the a. of honey, mellis 
 adulterium, Plin. 
 
 adulterer: 1. adulter, 5ri: Cic: 
 Hor. 2. woechus (^loixos) • ?'•• Ter. : 
 Hor. 
 
 adulteress: 1. adultgra; Hor.: 
 2. motcha (ixoixn) : Hor. 
 
 adtilterous, adulter, era, erum .• a. 
 hcks, a. crines, Hor.: an a. mind (bent 
 on adidtery), a. mens, Ov. ; a. offspring, 
 a. partus, Solin. Phr.: a. intercourse, 
 adulterii consuetudo. Suet. ; v. adul- 
 tery. 
 
 adulterously: expr. by case of 
 adultei ium : to know another man's wife 
 a., adulterio cognoscerealicujusuxorem, 
 Justin. : o. begotten, per adulterii con- 
 suetudinem procreatus. Suet. 
 
 adultery: 1- adulterium: to 
 
 yractixe a., adulteria exercere. Suet.: to 
 be detected in the act of a., in adulterio 
 deprehendi, Cic. : to commit a. with a 
 man's wife, a. committere in uxorem 
 alienam. Dig. ; to commit an act of a., 
 ad. facere. Cat. : v. also adulterouslt. 
 2. stuprum (properly and In legal 
 sense only of commerce tmth an un- 
 maiT^d tvoman : but in ordinary lan- 
 guage of all irregular commerce) : he 
 committed a. with the queen, s. reginae 
 intulit, Cic. : matruits condemned for a., 
 maironae slupri daninatae, Liv. Join: 
 stupra et adulteria. Phr.: to commit 
 a., adultero, I : Cic: moechor, I : Hor. : 
 Cat. 
 
 adumbrate: adumbro, i (v. to 
 sketch, delineate): the lineaments 
 ami forms of your a.d (i. e. vaguely 
 conceived) gods, istonim adumbratorum 
 deorum lineamenta atque formae, Cic 
 
 adumbration: j. The act of 
 
 shadowing forth, of imperfectly repre- 
 senting : adumbratio : s<nne, if not per- 
 fect achievement, yet at least aim after 
 and a., aliqua, si non perfectio, at co- 
 natus tamen atque ad., Cic. ||. The 
 representation itself. Phr.: an ad. of 
 gli/ry, adumbrata imago gloriae, Cic. 
 
 adust : v. burnt, parched. 
 
 advance (verb): A. Trans.: |. 
 To move (push) fonvard: 1, pro- 
 mOveo, movi, motum, 2 : Caesar a.d his 
 camp, Caesar castra promovlt, Caes. : 
 the Romans a. their camp to Carthage, 
 Romani castra ad Carthaginem p., Liv. : 
 Caesar a.s the legions, Caesar legiones 
 
 p., Hirt. : to a. piece (in playing), calcu- 
 lum p.. Quint. 2. admSveo, z. to a. 
 a battering ram, attacking toicers, etc. 
 against fortifications, (moenibus) arie- 
 tem, turres adm., Liv. 3. proveho, 
 xi, ctum, } (v. to CARRY forward): 
 esp. as refl. (v. B.) Fig.: to a. any one 
 to the consulate, aliciViem in consulatum 
 pr.. Veil. : Suet., v. to exalt, promote. 
 
 4. infero, tiili, latum, j esp. in 
 phr., to a. the stan>lards against (i. e. 
 attack), signa inf. hostibus, Liv. Hirt. j 
 signa inf. in hostes, Caes. ; contra hostes, 
 Liv. II, To J'orward, promote : q.v. 
 
 III. ^0 P'^y beforehand : praerogo, 
 I : to a. the mxmeyfor expenses, expensas 
 pr.. Cod. : v. to pay beforehand. Phr. : 
 to a. ready money, pecuniam praesentem 
 nondum debitam solvere, Cic. : some- 
 times same as to Jend, q.v. B. Intrans.: 
 
 1, To moveforward : 1, procedo, 
 cessi, cessum, j : to a. from theharbour, 
 a portu pr., Cic: Caesar thought he 
 ought to a.Jarther, Caesar longius pro- 
 cedendum existimabat, Caes. : to a. from 
 the camp, castris pr., Virg. Fig.: as 
 the day a.d, die procedente, Cic. ; he 
 a.d to such a pitch of folly, eo vecordiae 
 processit. Sail. 2. progrgdior, gres- 
 sus, J : to a. too far from the camp, 
 longius ex castris progredi, Caes. the 
 ships a.d too boldly, naves audacius pro- 
 gressae sunt, Caes. 3. provehor, 
 vectus, J (esp. of riding or sailing) the 
 ships a.dfrom the land, a terra provectae 
 sunt naves, Caes. : he a.d on horseback, 
 provectus est equo, Liv. 4. incedj, 
 cessi, cessum, j (strictly of steady moct- 
 ment on foot) : the barbarians a.d 
 against lhepanic-sti~uck Romans, barbari 
 in perculsos Romanos incedere. Sail. ; the 
 standards of the Spaniards were a.ing 
 too sloiily, segnlus Hispanorum signa 
 incedebant, Liv. ¥1^.: the mind will 
 more easily a. to invention, facilius ad 
 inventionem animus incedet, Cic. 5. 
 vado, vasi, vasum, j (esp. of the onwjard 
 rush of troops) : to a. against the enemy, 
 in hostem v., Liv. : to a. to a not doubt- 
 ful death, baud dubiam in mortem v., 
 Virg. : Darius a.s to meet Alexander, Da- 
 rius obviam v. Alexandro, Justin. 6. 
 gradum or pedem infero, tuli, latum, 3 : 
 (only of military movements) ; Liv. ||, 
 To make progress : 1. procedo, } : to a. 
 in philosophy, in philosophia pr., Cic: 
 to a. in honours, honoribus pr., Cic. 
 
 2. progredlor, j : to go forward and 
 a. in virtue, procedere et prog, in vir- 
 tute, Cic. 3. provghor, } : they had 
 a.d further in friendship, longius in 
 amicitia provecti erant, Cic. : to advance 
 from being a private soldier to the chief 
 command, e gregario ad summa milltiae 
 pr., Tac. 4. proficio, feci, fectum, 
 J • to a. any way in philosophy, in phi- 
 losophia aliquid pr., Cic: v. to pro- 
 gress. 5. grassor, i (rare) : the mind 
 a.s towards glory by the path of virtue, 
 animus ad gloriam virtutis via g.. Sail. 
 Phr.: to a. towards virtue, progressio- 
 nem facere ad virtutera, Cic. : advanc- 
 ing age, ingravescens aetas, Cic. |||, 
 To project, q. v. 
 
 advance (subs.)-. |. Onward 
 
 movement ; esp. in hostile sense : 1. 
 progressus, us, m. : a headlong a., an 
 unsteady return, p. praeceps, inconstans 
 redilus, Cic. (more frequent in sense 11. 
 q. v.). 2. incursio (i. e. a rapid a.): 
 the a. and onset of armed men, inc 
 atque impetus amiatorum, Cic. : v. 
 attack. 3. impetus : v. onset, 
 
 ATTACK. 4. processio or processus 
 (rare) : a quick return (of troops) rather 
 than a farthei- a., reditus magis ma- 
 turus quam processio (al. processus) 
 longior, Cic Phr.: to make an a. 
 against any one, ire, vadere, pedem s. 
 gradum inferre, in aliquem, etc. : v. to 
 ADVANCE. II. Fig.: progress : q. v. 
 
 Ill, rramotion, preferment: q.v. 
 
 \\f. Increase of price : v. rise, 
 INCREASE. V. -^ paying or giving 
 beforehand : Phr.: to make an a. 
 of money to any wie, pecuniam nondum 
 debitam alicui solvere, Cic: v. to Al^ 
 
 VANCB (111.).
 
 A D V A N f E 
 
 ADVERSITY 
 
 ADVISE 
 
 advance, in : (chiefly in phr. to pay 
 in adr.) v. to ai>vaxck (111.) v. also 
 BEFOKK. BKKOKKIIAND. 
 
 advanced (of time) 1. provec- 
 
 tus • the difd at an a. agf, p. aetale 
 mortua est, CIc. : the inght was far a., 
 provccta nox erat, 'lac. 2. ^randis, 
 e . o more a. age, grandior aetas, Cic. . 
 not vrrii a. in years, nun admodum g. 
 natu, cic. : a Jatlier vt/rrt a. in years, 
 grandior aevo genitor, Ov. Phr. sum- 
 mer being far a., adulta aestate, Tac. • 
 till spring should be someuhat adv., 
 donee ver adolesceret, Tac. 
 
 advanced-guard : 1. ant6cur- 
 
 sDres, um lo jmn battle nith the a. 
 ffuard, antccurburibus (hostiuni) proc- 
 linm comnilttere, Caes. 2. anteces- 
 ■ores, um : Suet. 3. primum agmen : 
 Caes. : v. also vanguard, keconnoitring 
 
 PARTY. 
 
 advancement : v. promotion. 
 
 advancer ; v. pkomotkk. Ph r : an 
 adf. iij HI ir (ijiinwns, *qui novas senten- 
 tias in medium profert. 
 
 advantage (snbs.). |. Benefit: 
 1. bOnum (a real good) : the greatest 
 a.s are titose which belong to the mind 
 itself, b. miixima sunt quae in Ipso animo 
 versantur.Cic. it nasfortheira. thatthit 
 man should lie killed, lis occidi hominem 
 bono luit Cic: for u-hosv adv. was it/ 
 cui bono fuii .' (}lc. ■ the adv.s of }>eace, 
 pads bona, Tac. 2. comm6dum : to 
 derive great adv. from anything, mag- 
 num c. (multa «.) ex aliqua re capere, 
 CIc: Ter. : to neglect one's on-n adv., c. 
 suum praetemilttere, praeterire, Cic : 
 the adv.s of peace, pacis commoda, Cic. : 
 with adv., commodo, Cic. ; per conmio- 
 dum, Liv. 3. commSditas: friend- 
 ship iiiciudes very great adv.s, maximas 
 c. amicitia continet, Cic. 4. emolfi- 
 mentum 6^/ no a. are gooil men 
 induced lo deciive, boni nullo e. impol- 
 luntur In fraudem, Cic. . the adv.s of 
 peace, emolunienta pucis, Tac. 5. 
 opportunitas between smh men friend- 
 ship has great adv.s, tales Inter viros 
 amicitia niajaias op. hahet, Cic this 
 kindof fnrlljicalion has very great adv.s 
 for the defence of cities, hoc opus ad de- 
 fensionem urbium suramam habet op., 
 Caes. . adv. of ground, op. loci, Cic. 
 
 6. fructus, us : / have derived very 
 great adv. from your letter, ex tuis 
 literls cepi (percepi) f. niaxinunn, CIc: 
 the adv.s of riches, f. <iivitiarum, Cic. 
 
 7. utilitas Tiro affords me non- 
 derful adv.s. Tiro mirabiles u. mihi 
 praebet, Cic. 8. "sus, us- they dis- 
 covered xvliat adv. we could derive from 
 every beast, invenerunt quem ex quatiue 
 'bellua u. habere posseiims, Cic. : that 
 thing had happened to the adv. nf Gaul, 
 ea res ex usu Galliae acciderat, Caes. 
 
 9, res, rel, /. (in certain phr.): it 
 is not for your adv. that I should die, 
 ex tua re non est ut ego eniorlar, PI. : 
 upon you it depends whether I shall do 
 this in vain, or with adv., id trustra an 
 ob rem faclam in vestra manu situm est, 
 Sail. Phr.. to take adv. if anyone's 
 ignorance, alicujus ignorantiam sibi 
 quaestui habere (cf. Cic. Off. 2, 22, ■77) : 
 I have taken my own adv. into account, 
 duxi meam rationem, Cic. : to consult 
 any one's adv., alicui consulere, Cic. • to 
 be of adv. to any one, alicui prodesse, 
 utllem esse (v. to do good) : to buy iritk 
 adv. (i. e. cheap), bene emere, Cic. PI. : 
 Anstippus appeared to adv. in every hue 
 (of life), omnis Aristippum decuit color, 
 Hor. many women shoiv to adv. with 
 the hair neglected, neglecta decet niulfas 
 coma, Ov. (v. to bk becoming) in tluit 
 cause Cwero did not apjiear to adv., *in 
 ea causa minus placuit C. (v. also to he 
 OF ADV.) ||, .•<uj)erionty : I'hr. ■ 
 theenemii had the adv. of us in number, 
 hostes nobis numero praestabant, Caes. • 
 in the cavalry battle our men had the 
 adv., equestri proelio nostri superiores 
 fuerunt, Caes. . the Romans had the adv., 
 res Romana erat superior, Llv. : v beke- 
 
 FIT, GAIN, interest 
 
 , be of: 1, prOsum, 
 
 proful, prodesse ( with (ia<.)- nor is it of 
 
 any a. to thee, nee quicquam tibl pro- 
 dest, Hor. : Cic. ■ v. to do GOf)D, bene- 
 fit. 2. expedit, 4 {impers. : with 
 dat. or absol.) -. let them understand that 
 nothing is of a. that is unjust, intelll- 
 gant nihil expedire quod sit injustum, 
 CIc. : it is of a. finr you to be good, ex- 
 pedit bonasesse vobis, Ter v ad\an- 
 TAGE (1.;. 
 
 advantage {verb) -. v. to benefit 
 advantageous: 1. fructuOsus 
 
 v. I-KOFITABl.K. 2. fitills, 6 ; shoiild 
 
 he not do what is a , irhat is expeiiient r 
 non taciat quod u. sit, quod expediut .' 
 Cic. : V. rsEFll.. Tobe a. : v. to be of 
 AD\ antai.e. 
 
 advantageously : 1. iitiliter 
 
 CIc. : Hor. . V. USEFULLY. 2. bCnC : 
 
 to buy a , bene emere, Cic. . PI. 
 
 advent: adventus, us v. ARRIVAL. 
 Phr.: the first ,'<unday in Advent, 
 prima (loininicaadventus, Eccl.: during 
 Advent, *\iff tcmpus iJomini adventus. 
 
 adventitious: adventlcius: an a. 
 advantay , ad. Iructus, Liv.: Cic. 
 
 adventure : I- -^" unexpected or 
 strange event occurring to some one : 
 1, casus, us : our a.s ivill furnish you 
 ivi'h abundant variety in writing, mul- 
 tam c. nostri varietatem in sirilx-ndo 
 .suppeditiibunt, Cic. : lo make much of 
 one's oirn a.s, suos c. attoUere, 'lac. 
 2. Hxpr. li)y means of verb or con- 
 text: he {Vlysses) went through many 
 dangerous a.s, aspera multa pertulit, 
 Hor. : this man met ivith many strange 
 a.s, *huic mirabilia multa acciderunt: 
 as in which I bore a prominent part, 
 quorum (quaruiu rorum) pars r^igna 
 fui, Virg. II. A hazardous or remark- 
 able achievement, facinus, Oris, n. ; tlu: 
 mmderful a. of two Carthaginians, 
 mirabile f. duorum Carthaginiensium, 
 Sail. : a great and memorable a., mag- 
 num ac memorabile f., Pac. : v. feat, 
 enterprise. Ill, A risk: Phr.; to 
 embark in a doubtful a. for dominion 
 or slavery. In dubiam imperil servitil- 
 que aleam ire, Liv.: v. risk, hazard. 
 
 adventure ("•)= v- to venture, 
 
 DAKE. 
 
 adventurer: I. In gen. sense: 
 one who risks his life and safety : *qui 
 vitam, salutem, fortunas, periclltarl 
 solet ; homo audax, periculi avidus, etc. 
 
 II. A military a. by land or sea : 
 latro, pirata, etc.: v. freebooter. 
 
 III, As term of contempt: apoli- 
 tical a., etc.: *lionio nihili (merus iie- 
 bulo) qui ad rompublicam emolumenti 
 spe ductus accessit ; quasi Graeculus 
 esuriens (cf. Juv. j, ■^b) ad omnia pa- 
 ratus; planus (v. vagabond): homo 
 vafer, egens, rorum novaruni avidus. 
 
 adventurous : ^'- w^'f, rash. 
 adventurously : v. boldly, rashly. 
 adventurousness : v. boldness, 
 
 RASH^E^S. 
 
 adverb : adverbium : Quint. 
 
 adverbial; expr. by case of adver- 
 bium: as, on a. do use. *pa.rs sententiae 
 quae adveil)ii more adjungitur. [Hut 
 as tech. t., advcrbialis maj- be used 
 
 cf. ADVEIil'.IAi.I.V.] 
 
 adverbially: aciverbiailter : Diom. 
 
 adversary : ad\ ersarius : v. oppo- 
 nent, ENKMV. 
 
 adversative : adversativus : a. con- 
 junctions. ((iiilMiictionos adv., IVisc 
 
 adverse : 1. adversus : most a. 
 H'i?(((s, adviTsissimi venti, Caes. Fig.: 
 the minds of the unprincipled are hostile 
 and a. to me, mentes improborum mihi 
 Infensae et adversae sunt, Cic. 2. 
 asper, Cia, Crura (fig.) . in a. times, in 
 a. lemporibus, Cic: a. circumstances, 
 res a., ."^all. 3. infensus: the gods 
 are angry and a., di irati inf.que sunt, 
 .Sail. ■ V ho.stile. 4. iniquus v. 
 
 UNFAVOritAiiLi;. 
 
 adversely : v, against, hostilelt, 
 UNFiii:TrN atei.v. 
 
 adversity • 1. res adversae (most 
 frequent) . to bear a., res adversas ferre, 
 Cic. /(' lighten (the load) of a., res a. 
 sublevare, rebus a. profugium ac sola- 
 tium praebere, Cic 2. adversum 
 (neut. of adj.) . no a., nihil adversi, Cic. : 
 C 
 
 usu. in plu. : the prosperity and a. of 
 the Homan people, prospera et adverse 
 populi I'l., 'I'ac. (But adversum must 
 not be used by itself in the sing, as = 
 res adversae). 3. res asp^rae (f ig.) : 
 Sail. 4. calamila^ . to be in a., in 
 calamitate esse, SalL : to sustain a., 
 calamllates perferre, Caes.: Cic: v. 
 
 CALAMITY, MLSFORTUNE. 
 
 advert to : >• e. W speak of, or men- 
 tion slightly: 1, attingo: v. lo 
 TOUCH UPON. 2. perstringo : v. to 
 
 GLANCE AT {fm.).. V. also TO MENTION 
 
 advertise: \. Jnfurm-. q.v. \\, 
 
 To publish a notice of, esp. of things for 
 sale: proscribe, scrips!, scriptum, j. 
 lie a.d that he would make a sale bp 
 auctimi, auctionem se facturum esse 
 proscrjpsit, Cic. : to a. for sale another 
 person's goods, Ixjna alterius p., Cic, / 
 have a.d my Tusculan villa for sale, 
 Tusculiinuiu probcripsi, Cic: to a. a 
 comliat of wild Ijeasts, venatlonem p., 
 Cic. Ph r. : to a. the performance of a 
 play in the daily neuspapers, *per acta 
 diunia fabulam actum iri iiidicare, sig- 
 niticare 
 
 advertisement: \, information : 
 
 q. V. II. A public notice: 1. pro- 
 scriptio (notice of sale): an a. of the sale 
 "J property, p. bonomm, Cic. 2. 
 *indicium per acta diuma palam fac- 
 tum. 
 
 advertiser: one vho posts up a 
 notice, csii. of sale: *qui bona, auc- 
 tionem, etc., proscribit : in general 
 sense . *qui aliquid per acta diuma pro- 
 mulgat, palam lacit . v. To advertise. 
 
 advice: I. ('ounsel: l. con 
 silium ve give good a. to the sick, 
 recta consilia aegrotis damns, fer.: we 
 will give you what shall seem to lis to 
 be tlie sinini-iest a. on the subject about 
 irhicli you have vritlen to us, quod ve- 
 rissimum nobis videbitur de eo quod ad 
 nos scripsisli tibi c dabimus, Cic. 
 hfniest (or sincere) a., c fidele, Cic • / 
 have followed your a., tuum c secutus 
 sum, CIc. in the letter you ask for my 
 a.. Uteris a me c. petis, Cic. ; tlie lad 
 complied tvilh my a., puer meis c pa- 
 ruit, Cic. . also, to follow any one's o., 
 alicujus c uti, ob'temperare, Cic. : by 
 my a., de meo c, Cic. ■ consilio roeo, 
 Ter. 2. auctorilas (only of that given 
 by persons of influence): the a. of Re- 
 gulus had prevailed, Heguli a. valuerat, 
 Cic. • Caes. Phr. : to ask a. of, consulo 
 (v. TO consult): to give a., suadeo (v. 
 TO advise) : to give a. to those uha 
 ask for it on a point of laiv, de jure 
 consiilenlibus rospondere, Cic. : Tac : 
 to adopt a plan on the a. of an 
 enemy, auctore hoste consiliimj capere, 
 Caes.: V. TO advise. ||, Informa- 
 tion, q. V. 
 
 advisable : Phr.:/ doubt ivhether 
 it is a. to do this, *dubito num hoc fa- 
 ciendum sit ; num hoc facere expediat, 
 
 etc.: V. EXI'KIiIENT, prudent. 
 
 advisableness : v. expediency. 
 
 advise : |. ■'" ?"■« adnce : 1. 
 suadeo siiiisi, suasum, 2 (usu. with dat. 
 of person; what is advised is e.\pr. by 
 acv. or subj. ; also poet, by inf.) what 
 do you a. mef quid mihi suades.' Hor.: 
 
 1 a.d Juturna to hasten to assist her 
 brother, .Juturnam succurrere fratrl 
 suasi, Virg . he a.d me to be his legatus, 
 me ut sibi essem legatus suasit, Cic. 
 there is no one vho can a. you mart 
 wisely than yourself, nemo est qui tibi 
 sapieiitius s. possit te ipso, Cic. Join 
 hortaii et suadere. 2. auctor sum 
 (wilh ut and subj., inf., or gen. ot 
 subs.), he strongly a.s me to absent my- 
 self, mihi ut absim vehementer a. est 
 Cic. / do not a. you to flee, tibi non 
 sum a. te profugere, Att. ap. Cic: J 
 a.d the senate to make peace, senatui 
 pacis a. fui, Cic. 3. eensfio, sui, sum, 
 
 2 (prop, to express an opinion , but 
 thus often lo advise) : I a. you to re- 
 main concealed in the same place, tibi 
 hoc censeo, latendum Ibidem, Cic: / 
 shall a. each jnan to practise the busi- 
 ness he knows, quam scit nierque, cen- 
 sebo, exerceat artem, Hor.: v. to think- 
 
 »7
 
 ADVISEDLY 
 
 AFFECT 
 
 A F F ECTEDLY 
 
 BE OK OPINION. 4. coiisilior, I (rare) : 
 to a. as a friend, amice c., Hor. j|. 
 To (jiue ivforrrtation : v. to inform. 
 Ill, To recommend, q. v. 
 
 advisedly: 1. consuito: to do 
 
 anything a., aliquid c. facere, Cic. 2. 
 consulte : things do^ie cautiously and a., 
 caute atque c. gesta, Llv. : v. desigked- 
 
 LT, PURPOSELY. 
 
 adviser : 1. anctor : the a. of the 
 
 (ieparture, profectioriisa.,Caes. : Cic: v. 
 TO ADVISE (2). 2. suasor : the a. and 
 urger of the departure, s. et impulsor 
 profectionis, Cic. : the a. of peace, pacis 
 «., Ov. 3. conslliarjus : the friends 
 and a.s of Veifes, amici etc. Verris, Cic. 
 4, consultor: evil advice is worst 
 to the a., malum consilium consultori est 
 pessimum, Varr. : Sail. : Tac. 5. con- 
 slllator : I'haedr. : Plin. 
 
 advocacy: I. Legal defence: 
 
 1. patrocinium : the a. of usui-ers, 
 p. feneraiormn, Liv. : v. defence 2. 
 advocatio (late in this sense): he had 
 not conducted the a. of the case in bad 
 faith, non fldem sibi in a. defuerat, Plin. 
 Ep. ; V. DEFENCE. ||. Recotnmenda- 
 tion : suasio : the a. of a law, suasio 
 legis, Cic. Phr. : as his a. of the law 
 was very vehement, *vehementissime 
 legem suasit: v. to advocate. 
 
 advocate i^ubs.) -. |. The pleader 
 of a causi- ■ 1, actor (usu. with de- 
 fining words) : Molo, a very excellent a., 
 Molo, a. summus causanira, Cic. : a 
 middling lawyer and a., consultus Juris 
 et a. causarum mediocris, Hor. : not the 
 cause but the a. is blamed, non causa 
 reprehenditur sed a.. Quint. : at Athens 
 an a. uas forbidden to excite the feel- 
 irigs, Athenls a. movere affectus veta- 
 batur, Quint. 2. causidicus (prop. 
 a mere pleader, and hence often used in 
 a contemptuous sense) : we are not seek- 
 ing for some nameless a., non c. nescio 
 queiii conquirimus. Cic. : Juv. : Quint. 
 3. patronus (orig. only of one who 
 defended a dependent ; hence it was 
 always the most honourable term) : the 
 a. in a cause, p. causae, Cic. : / beg of 
 you. Praetor, give that a. to my oppo- 
 nent, quaeso, praetor, adversario meo da 
 Istum p , Cic. : the a. of the opposite side, 
 p. partis adversae, Quint. 4. adv5- 
 catus (in Cic.'s tim^- used only of an 
 assistant counsel, but afterwards as 
 synonymous with patronus) : such an a. 
 seems to be a proof of a bad cause, 
 videtur talis a. malae causae argumen- 
 tum, Quint. : Auct. Dial, de Or. §. 
 rabiila, ae, m. (a brawling or blustering 
 advocate'): Cic: Quint. Phr.: to be an 
 a. (in a particular case), causam agere, 
 Cic; causam dicere, Liv.; (habitually), 
 in judiciis versari, Cic. ; causas acti- 
 tare, Cic. : to be a person's a., causam 
 pro aliquo dicere, Cic. : that province 
 selected me as a. of its rights, me sibi 
 jUa provincia defensorem sui Juris adop- 
 tavit, Cic. II. One who recommends 
 or speaks in favour of : \, suasor: 
 he himself ii-as the a. and adviser of this 
 surrender, hujus deditionis ipse s. et 
 auctor fult, Cic. : Veil. 2. patronus 
 (fig.): the a. of justice, justitiae p., 
 Cic. 
 
 advocate M- suadeo, suiisi, sua- 
 sum, 2 : / a.d the Voconian law, 
 legem Voconiam suasi, Cic. : to a. a 
 proposed law, rogationem s., Cic: Liv. : 
 Quint. 
 
 advowee: orig. the legal protector 
 and patron of a religious house or 
 church : hence, in modern times, the 
 holder of the right of presentation to a 
 living: advOcatus (eccli-siae) : Med. 
 Lat. (The advocatus was also desismated 
 patronus, and in some instances conser- 
 vator : V. DuCange. s. v.). A female a., 
 advocatissa: Med. Lat. 
 
 adVOWSOn: advociitlo: to hold then. 
 of a cliuecn. ecclesiam in advocationem 
 tenere, Med. Lat. : v. I )u Cange, s. v. 
 advocatio. 
 
 adze: ascia- Cic: Plin. 
 
 aedile: aedilis, is: Cic: Liv.: cu- 
 rule a.s. cuniles a., Inscr. : plebeian 
 a.s, a. plebis. Suet. Adj. of or per- 
 
 taining to an a., aedilicius, -tius: the 
 a.'s gouii, a. toga, Cic. : an a.'s clerk. 
 scriba a., Cic. 
 
 aedilesMp: 1. aedllltas- to can- 
 cels for the a., a. petere, Cic : to discharge 
 one's a. itiWi great splendour, a. magni- 
 ficentissima fungi, Cic. : to enter on the 
 a., a. inire. Suet. 2. aedillcium mu- 
 nus ; Cic. P li r. : a defeat in canvassing 
 fvr the a., repulsa aedilicia, Cic. : v. 
 aedile. 
 
 aegis: aegis. Idis, /. .- to shale the a. 
 (of Jove), aegida concutere, Virg. : the 
 hm-rible a., horrifica a., Virg. ; the hur- 
 tling a., sonans a., Hor. 
 
 aerial : I. Of "'« nature of air : 
 animalis, e : the constitution of a living 
 creature is either earthy, or fiery, or ae- 
 rial, or watery, natura animantis vel ter- 
 rena,vel iguea, vel animalis, vel humida 
 est, Cic : (or bycircuml., aeris naturam 
 habens, aeris natura praeditus). ||. 
 Belonging to or situated in the air: 
 
 1. aerius or aergus: the a. flights of 
 birds, a. volatus volucrum, Cic. : to strive 
 to reach the a. abodes, a. tentare domos, 
 Hor. Fig. i. q. lofty; a. toicers, a. 
 turres, Virg. : a. Alps, a. Alpes, Ov. 
 
 2. aetherius or eus: v. etherial. 
 — (Obs. Aethereus has reference to the 
 upper regions of the air ; aerius, to the 
 lower.) 
 
 aerie: v. nest. 
 
 aerolite : *lapis de coelo missus : 
 *aerolithus. Phr.: it was announced 
 that an a. had fallen, nuntiatum est 
 lapidem de coelo cecidisse, T-iv. 41, 9. 
 
 aeromancy :_a6romantia: Isid. 
 
 aerometer: aerometrum: M. li. 
 
 aeronaut: afirOnautes, ae, ?«.: M.L. 
 
 afar : priicill, longe : v. far, far 
 OFF, at a distance. 
 
 affability : 1. comitas (v. cour- 
 tesy) : Vrassus with very great a. had 
 also suflicient granty, Crassus in sum- 
 ma c. habebat etiam severitatis satis, 
 Cic: Tac. 2. affabilitas (a rare 
 word): courtesy and a., comitas af.que 
 sermonis, Cic. 3. facllitas (in gen., 
 easy, pleasant, manners) : l'omj)ey seems 
 to be erjual in a. to the lowest in rank, 
 Pompeius facilitate par infimis esse 
 videtur, Cic. : a. of discourse, f. sermo- 
 nis, Cic. 4. liberalitas (i.e. openness, 
 freedom) . a man popular not for his a., 
 but for his gloominess and sevei-ity, 
 homo non I., sed \\>sa tristitia et severi- 
 tate popularis, Cic. P h r. : to shoiv a., 
 affabilem, comem se praebere: v. af- 
 fable. 
 
 aifable: 1. affabris, e: Aewis/ied 
 to be a. to all, omnibus af. se esse vole- 
 bat, Cic. : Virg. 2. commodus : to be 
 a person if a. manners, commodis mori- 
 bus esse, Cic. : v. agreeable. 3. 
 comis, e : who more a. than Laelius f 
 quis Laelio comior? Cic. : v.couetkous. 
 4. lacilis, e: to be a. in hearing 
 people, f. se in hominibus audiendis prae- 
 bere, Cic : v. good-natured. 
 
 affably : 1. comiter : to address 
 anyone a., atiquem c appellare, Cic. : 
 Liv. 2. affabiliter: Cell. : Blacr. 
 
 affair: 1. res, rel, /. : old age 
 witlidraus men from the management of 
 a.s, a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit, 
 Cic. : he tnidi-itakes the a., rem suscipit, 
 Caes. : military a.s, res militaris. Caes. : 
 to transact public a.s, rem publicim 
 gerere, Cic. : domestic amd p^-ivate a.s, 
 res domesticae ac faniiliares, Cic. 2. 
 negotium (^an a. of business): to take 
 part in an a., negutio iiiti-resse, Cic: 
 to undertake an a., n. suscipere, Cic: 
 to settle an a. as soon as possible, n. 
 quamprimura conficere, Cic. : v. busi- 
 ness. 3. may often be expr., esp. in 
 pi., by the neut. of an adj. .- as, to 
 attend to great a.s, to neglect sinall ones, 
 magna curare, parva negligere, Cic. 
 4. ratio (only in certain phrases) : 
 to arrangeone's private a.s, I. faniiliares 
 componere, Tac. ; the a.s of a stale, ra- 
 tiones civitatis, Cic. Phr. : as soon as I 
 engaged in public a.s, ut primum forum 
 attigcrim, Cic. : Hor. 
 
 aiffect: I. To art upon, influence: 
 1. afficio, feci, tectum, } : the limbs 
 
 are a.'d with pain, membra dolore affic- 
 iuntur, Lucr. : to be a.'d with pains in 
 the feet, doloribus pedum aftici, Cic. : the 
 whole lung is a.'d, pulmo totiis afficltur, 
 Cels. Fig.- / was variously a.'d by 
 your lettei , varie sum affectus tuis literii, 
 Cic. : let us be a.'d ourselves before we try 
 to a. others, afficiamur anlequam af. 
 conemur. Quint. : he was not equally a.'d 
 even at his death, ne mortuo quidem 
 perinde affectus est, Suet. Note. — The 
 verb is not used absolutely by Cic, as 
 in the e.xample from Quint., but al- 
 ways has some qualifying word ; as 
 dolore, admiratione. etc. 2. moveo, 
 movi, motum, 2 (esp. of affecting the 
 feelings) : the speech of the consul had 
 a.'d the commonalty, moverat plebem 
 oratio consulis, Liv. : to a. the feelings 
 of judges, aniraos Judicum m.. Quint. 
 3. commoveo, 2 (stronger than the 
 simple verb) : to be a.'d by brotherly love, 
 amore fraterno commoveri, Caes. : the 
 judge was a.'d by the orator, commotus 
 est ab oratore Judex, Quint. 4. 
 
 attlngo, tigi, tactum, j (not used of 
 worlcing cm the feelings) - another cause 
 too delights me, which does not a. yoit, 
 me alia quoque causa delectat quae te 
 non a., Cic. ; desire has a.'d us, deside- 
 rium nos attigit, Lucr. 5. pello, 
 pepiiH, pulsum, j : the beauty of mi 
 female prisoner had a.'d him when a 
 young man, juvenem nullius forma pe- 
 pulerat captivae, Liv. ||, Tocemcern, 
 I- V- III. ^<' aspire to, to aim at, 
 q. V. IV. To be fond of : v. FOND, 
 to LOVE. V. T" niake a mere show 
 of (habitually) : 1. simiilo, I : now 1 
 ivill put to the test what you really love, 
 what you merely a., nunc ego te expe- 
 riar quid ames, quid simules, PI. : Cicero 
 instructed the ambassadors to a. a vehe- 
 ment zeal for the conspiracy, Cicero 
 legatis praecepit studium conjurationis 
 vehementer simulent. Sail. : my love is 
 not a.'d, meus non simulatur amor, Ov.: 
 V. TO feign, pretend. 2. affecto, I : 
 to a. an imitation of antiquity, imita- 
 tionem antiquitatis af.. Quint. : to a. 
 a fondness for poetry, studium cirmi- 
 num af., Tac. 3. dissiniulo, i (this 
 verb denotes that something which 
 really exists is feigned to be non- 
 existent, and therefore can represent 
 "affect" only when that verb is fol- 
 lowed by a negative sentence) : / a.'d to 
 be paying no attention to their conrer- 
 sation, dissimulabam me harum sermoni 
 operam dare, PI. : Cic. 
 
 affectation : 1. sTmutatio : the a. 
 
 of friendship, s. amicitiae, Cic. : the a. 
 of 'the ancients about the cotwealment of 
 eloquence, veterum circa occultandam 
 eloquentiam s., Cic. : v. pretence. 
 
 2. alfeclatio:/ri£ridor!(ii)Men;Vea., 
 frigida et puerilis af.. Quint. : palpable 
 a., manifesta af.. Quint. : he rendered 
 his style obscure by a. and pedantry, 
 affectatione et niorositate nimia obscu- 
 rahat stilum. Suet. 3. molestla (rare, 
 and only where the context explains it): 
 careful elegance without a. (tiresome 
 pediintry), diligens elegantia sine mo- 
 lestia, Cic. 4. morositas : Suet. L c. 
 (2). 
 
 affected (adj.): |. Asstimed, hy- 
 pocritical : 1. slmulatus, Actus : v. 
 FEIG.VED, FALSE. 2. ascltus (v. rare) : 
 a certain natural, not a. uittiness, 
 nativus quidam lepor non a., Nepos. 
 
 3. quaesitus : a. affalnlity, q. co- 
 mitas, Tac. II. Unnatural and of- 
 fensive in style, manner, etc.: 1. pu- 
 
 tidus : even Demosthenes is censured as 
 a., eliam Demosthenes exagitatur ut p., 
 Cic. : / am afraid it tiiti seem a., vereor 
 ne putidum sit, Cic. 2. mOlestus (of. 
 AKFECT.iTiON, 3): fl. words, m. Verba, 
 Ov. ■ a more a. expression of counte- 
 nance, vultus molestior. Quint. 
 
 affectedly . 1. piitiae : to tpeak 
 a., p. dicere, Cic: to articulate letters 
 too a., literas putidius exprimere, Cic : 
 Sen. 2. ciirfose (rare) : to si>eak a. 
 rather than ingood Latin, c. potius quam 
 Latine loqui. Quint. 3. mOleste : to 
 icrile a., m. scrib*"^ \ug. ap. Sued
 
 AFP ECTI NG 
 
 A F F I K M A T I V E 
 
 A F F U l{ D 
 
 Quint. 4. morose : to arrange one's 
 cloak a., m. pallium ordlnare, Ten. 
 
 affecting (adj.) ■ l. mlseraWlis, 
 e : my brother's grief appeared a. to all 
 men, fralris mei maeror omnibus mor- 
 talibus m. videbatur, Clc. ; a. circum- 
 ttances, res m., yuint. 2. nilsgran- 
 dus. in an a. manner, m. In molum, 
 Clc. Phr. : a iwist a. picture, pic tura 
 quae in intimos penetrai iiffectus, Quint. 
 II, }, 67 : a miift a. fiMuder, (iratur in 
 afTectibu-: potonilssinnis. (^iiiiil. 6, 2, ?o- 
 an a. speech, oratiu ail aiiiiiios movendos 
 composltus, aptus, based 011 Clc. : v. to 
 
 AFFKCT. 
 
 affectingly: 1. mis6rabIIUer:an 
 a. v-rilten letter, epistola scripta m., 
 Cic. : to speak uj sad eiv.nU a., trlstla m. 
 dicere, Quint. 2. misCrande : to speak 
 a., m. dicere, Gell. : v. pitiably. 
 
 affectif n : I. -^ state of body or 
 mii.d, >sj>. Iloife prmluced by external 
 agency: \, nffecllo: an a. is a change 
 of mind or bmlyjiom some cause, af. est 
 aninii aut cori>oris aliqua de causa com- 
 mutiitio, Cic. : vices are permanent a.s, 
 vilia af. sunt manentes, C.c. all the 
 right a.s of the mind are called vir- 
 tues, oniiies rectae animi at. virtutes 
 appelUntur, Cic. 2. affecius, us: a 
 /'laiseicorthy a.of mind, af. aiijnii lau- 
 dabilis, Cic. : h'uripides is indisputably 
 pre-eminent in tlmse a.s v-hich are con- 
 nected urith pity, Kuripides in iis af. qui 
 EQlseratione constant, facile praecipuus 
 est. Quint. : to icaeer tcith irresolute aj, 
 dubiis af. errare, Ov. 3. scnsus, us: 
 t?( addressing the feelings if jurymen, I 
 myself should be influenced by tlw. very 
 a.s to which I ivished to bring them, ipse 
 in comraovendisjudicibusiis ipsis s. ad 
 quos illos addutere vellem pemioverer, 
 Cic. : the ivill and a. of our fellou-citi- 
 zens towards us, voluntiis erga nos s.que 
 civium, Cic. : v. fkkling. ||. A disease, 
 affectus, us : other a.s of the body come 
 after aferer, alii corporis af. febri sup- 
 erveiiiunt. Gels. • v. disease. |||. 
 
 Settled good will or love: J, amor: 
 V. LOVE. 2. caritas : the a. which 
 exists between children and parents, c. 
 quae est inter natos et parentes, Cic. A 
 dependent ^CTi. usu. denotes the object: 
 a. for the comnum wealth, reipublicae c, 
 Liv. But it is sonieLimes subjective : / 
 believe that you luive ardently desired 
 the a. of your fellow-citizens, credo vos 
 c. civium conciipisse, Cic. 3. stiidium 
 (used of any eager, ardent feelings) : 
 your warm a. and concent for my safety, 
 s. tuum curaque de salute mea, Cic. : to 
 show no small a. for any one, significare 
 s. erg.i aliqueni rjon mediocre, Cic. : also 
 in pi : to try to u in (he a.s of the sol- 
 diery, militum studia affectare, Tac. : v. 
 
 FONDNESS, ZEAL. 4. pifitaS (^dutiful 
 
 affection, esp. toirards parents and rela- 
 tives): cherish justice and a., which latte)- 
 though important in reference to parents 
 and relations, yet is most so in reference 
 to one's country, justitiani cole et p., 
 quae cum sit magna in parentibus et 
 prnpinquis, turn in patria ma.xima est, 
 Cic. : the last oilices of a., soleinnia pie- 
 tatls, Tac. : all you) friends long for 
 you with the greatest a., tui omnes 
 summa p. te desiderant, Cic. : your a., 
 welcome to your parent, has enabled you 
 to acciimplish a di if cult journey, tua 
 e.xspectata parenti vicit iter durum p., 
 Virg. 5. affeclio (late) a. {of apes) 
 for their offspring, at. erga fetum.Plin. : 
 to love any one nwre than can be cre- 
 dited of human a., aliquem amare ultra 
 modum humanae at., Gell. : Justin. 
 6. affectus, us: the a. of a parent, 
 parentis af.,Suet. (Neitberthis nor the 
 preceding is Ciceronian). Phr. : to 
 disjday a. for a 7natt by conferring 
 honours and kindnesses upon him, homi- 
 nem honoribus et beneticiis complecti, 
 Cic. : to feel an a. for a».v <"'f, studio- 
 sum esse allcuJHS ; pi opeiidere in aliquem 
 incliiiatione voluntatis. Cic. 
 
 affectionate: 1. amans, amis: 
 
 an a. friend, amicus a., Cic. : a most 
 dear and a. brother, frater carissimus 
 atque.amantissimus, Cic. : mo!:ta. wo)ds. 
 
 amantissima verba, Clc. : very a., pera- 
 mans, Cic. 2. P'us : (o/ dutiful affec- 
 tion Uiwards parents and relatives) : 
 a. towards one's parents, p. In parent<-s, 
 Cic. : an a. mother, brother, p. mater, 
 frater, Ov.: a. grief, p. dolor, Cic: a. 
 fear, viz. of a wife for her husband, p. 
 metus, Ov. I' h r. : a nwst a. repnxf, 
 ohjurgatio amoris plenis.slma. Cic. 
 
 affectionately: 1. amanter: / 
 
 saw that my arrival was a. expected by 
 you, e.xspectjitum meum adventum 
 abs te a. videbam, Clc. : you entreat me 
 miist a., me obsccras amantissinie, ('Ic. 
 
 2. pie: (COmp. AFFECTIONATE, 2) . 
 
 to mourn a. for any one's death, aliquem 
 p. liigere. Cic. : you u-ill preserve the 
 recoHertiorn of us a. and inviolately, 
 memorlam nostri pie inviolateque serva- 
 bitis, Clc. : Ov. 
 
 affectionateness : *inRenium in 
 
 ariionm proiium; animus ingenuus 
 atque in ainorem pronus : v. affection 
 
 (in.). 
 
 affiance (subs.) : |. ^farriage c/n- 
 tract: spoiisalia, ium, n./)<. ; Sen. ||, 
 Trust, cimftdence : q. v. 
 
 affiance ('••) : |. To betroth : spon- 
 deo, despondeo, spondi, sponsum : to a. 
 one's daughter, alicui filiam d., Cic. : v. 
 BETROTH. II, To trust, confide: q. v. 
 
 affianced : sponsus, sponsa, Cic. : 
 desponsata, Cic. : promissa, Virg. 
 
 affidavit : testimonium per tabulas 
 datum (ff. Quint. 5, 6, 2). Phr.. no 
 one makes an a. against his vMl, 
 nemo per tabulas testimonium dat, nisi 
 sua vciluiitate. Quint, i.e. : he vho takes 
 an a. (or before whom it is made), sig- 
 nator (the context showing Its precise 
 sense) Quint. /. c. ; v. deposition. 
 
 affiliate : I. To prove any one to 
 Ij- the father of a child, aliquem pueri 
 palrem esse probare (cf. Ov. M. 2, 91). 
 
 II, To connect I'-ith or asaibe to : v. 
 to father on. Phr.: to bea.d to a 
 corporate body. In collegium cooptari, 
 Clc. 
 
 affiliation: j, t^roof of pater- 
 
 nity. Phr.: an order of a., *edictum 
 de puero suscipiendo (i). ||. Asso- 
 ciation, union : q. v. 
 
 affinity: I, Relationship by mar- 
 riage . affinitas : /'. Crassus bounri him- 
 self closely to Galba by a., P. Crassus 
 cum Galba affinitate sese devinxit, Cic. : 
 they report that Latinus entered intoan 
 a. with Aeneas, Latinum a. cum Aenea 
 Junxisse tradunt, Liv. ||, JVatural 
 connexion, or resemblance : 1. cog- 
 niitio : all the virtues are connected 
 together by a certain a., omnes virtutes 
 c.quadam inter seconjuiictae sunt. Cic. : 
 a. of pursuits, c. studiurum.Cic. : Quint. 
 2. affinitas (rare) : the a. of the 
 letters of the alphabet, af. literarum. 
 Quint. : Gell. P h r. : Uie nature of the 
 gods has no a. u-ith our senses, tialura 
 deum longe remota sensibus at) nostris, 
 Lucr. : you hare not the slightest a. irith 
 thefairness and modesty of Ti. (iracchus, 
 tu a Ti. Gracchi aequitate ac pudore 
 loiigissime reniotus es, Cic- v. con- 
 ne.xion. III. Chem. t. t.: a mutual 
 tendency to combination : *aflfinitas. 
 
 affirm : j. To assert positively or 
 solemnly: affirmo, I : / must speak, but 
 in such a way as to a. nothing, to in- 
 quire into everything, dicendum est 
 niihi,sed ita nihil ut affirmem, quaeram 
 omnia, Cic. : Cicero a.s that the condition 
 of the stale is maintained by thelaos of 
 Sulla, Cicero af. legibus.Suliaecohaerefe 
 statum civitati.s. Quint, v. to assert. 
 II, To confirm, establish, q. v. 
 
 affirmant: affimmtor: Ulp. : Tert. 
 
 affirmation: |. The act of affirm- 
 ing, atlirmatio : an (jath is a solemn a.. 
 Jusjurandum est a. religiosa, Cic: an a. 
 that we u-ill accomplish vhat ue say, 
 a. effecturos nos quod dicimus. Quint 
 II. What is affirmed : v. assertion. 
 
 III, Confirmation, establishment, 
 q. V. ly. Legal (. t. : testimonium 
 absque jurejurando. 
 
 affirmative: A. -Adj.-. afTirma- 
 
 tivus: 11(1' a. class of words, a. species 
 verlxiruni, I tioni. P h r. : to gii-e an a. 
 
 I answer (to a qufMion), fateri ita se rem 
 
 I habere: v. to A«KNOWLEuoK(andse<i.) 
 
 ( B. Subs.: Phr.: ru-gatiret aie the 
 
 opposites to aj, negantia coiitraria sunt 
 
 aieiitibus, Cic. : give me an ansu'er 
 
 either in the a. or in tlie negative, vel 
 
 tu mi aias vel neges, PI. : Oiogenet 
 
 . maintains the a., AntipcUer tlie nega- 
 
 , live, Jiiogenes ait, .\ntlpater negat, « ic. 
 
 affirmatively, i. e., in the affinna- 
 
 tive : V. AFFIRMATIVE {subS.). 
 
 affix ('•■) : \'. Tu FIX, FASTEN. Olr AT- 
 TACH To. Phr.: to a. a pailiclr t'l a 
 word, *particulam verbo adjungere or 
 aildere: to a. a seal to a will, testa- 
 j meiitum signooi signare, Cic. (.'lu. 14.41 : 
 signuin in tabulls testameiitl apponere 
 \ (ci. Cic. Verr. i, 45, 1 17). 
 
 affijC (subst.) : *particula verbo ad- 
 Juiicta s. addiia. 
 
 afflattlS : aflliitns. lis : o divine a., 
 divinas a.. Cic. 
 
 afflict : 1. dolore afficere, doloreni 
 facere, efflcere, etc.: v. to grieve, vi>- 
 1 RKSS. 2. afflicto, I (prop, to doih 
 about) : I am very grievously a.'d about 
 domestic matters, de doniesticis rebus 
 aceibissime afflictor, Cic: to a. Iialy 
 with luxury and ferocity, Ilaliam lu.\- 
 uria saevitiaque a., Tac. : v. to i>is- 
 
 TRI-SS, GRIEVE, HARASS. - N'OTE. .\ot 
 
 affligo alone; which is to cast donn. 
 i prostrate : though dolore aftllgere may 
 l>e used (Cic). 
 
 afflicted (adj.) .• i. e., suffering, trou- 
 bled: 1. aeger, gi-a, gium (dij'tressed 
 either in body or mind) : affliisted in 
 mind, aeger aninio, tJic. : a. mortals, 
 aeg. mortales, Virg. : <i. witit cares, a. 
 curis, Virg. Join aeger, et cor|)ore et 
 animo confectus, Cic. 2. miser, era. 
 
 erum : to succour the a., miseris succurr- 
 ere.Virg. : v. wretched. 3. dolore 
 
 afflictus, in dolore jacens, t.'ic : v. to 
 GRIEVE. Phr.: to be a. nilh any- 
 thing : conflictor, i : to be a. » ith great 
 want of necessaries, magna inopia ne- 
 cessariarum rerum conflictari. Caes. : to 
 be a. with superslitifjn, superstitione c, 
 Cic. . to be a. vHth a severe disease, 
 gravi mortio c, Nep. : v. also to 
 
 SLFFER. 
 
 afflicter : ve.xator (rare) : he was a 
 cruel a. if the lommonueulth, crudclls 
 V. reipublicae fuit, Cic. 
 
 affliction: I. ■* ^tate of pain, 
 
 distress, a grief: miseria: he could by 
 no means extricate himself from tliat a., 
 nulla ratione ^e ab ilia m. eripere pote- 
 rat, Cic: v. wretchedness, distress, 
 GRIEF. II. A cause of such a state: 
 malum, adversae res: v. evil, misfob- 
 tune, calamitv. 
 
 afilictive: 1. pavls. e: a more 
 wretched and a. conditiini, niiserior gra- 
 \iorque fortuna, Caes. : more a. wars, 
 graviora bella, Cic 2. ficerbus : a. 
 
 circumstances, res a., Lucr. : a most a. 
 annoyuiwe, acerbissima ve.\atio, CMc 
 V. gi:ik\ol"s, painful. 
 
 affluence: divitiae: v. wealth, 
 
 RICH IS. 
 
 affluent : dives, itis : v. wealtht, 
 
 RICH. 
 
 afflux: Phi".: an a.ofUood to the 
 head, fliixio sanguinis ad caput, I'lin. 
 
 afford : I To supply, give, yield : 
 1, praebeo, 2 : to a. a refuge and 
 solace in adversity, perfugiiim et sola- 
 tium rebus adversis p., Cic. ; v. to for- 
 NISH. 2. sufflcio, fSci, fectum, j : 
 the tcillovs a. foliage for the cattle or 
 shade for the shepherds, salices pecori 
 frondem aut pastoribr.s umbras s., V'Irg. : 
 Lucr. Phr.; you have a.'d me grtat 
 consolations, mihi magna solatia dedls- 
 tis,Cic. : no hope eveti is a.'d that affairs 
 will improve, ne spes quidem ulla osten- 
 ditur fore melius, Clc ; v. to furnish, 
 GIVE. II. To be able to sell or ex- 
 
 pend without imprudence [no single 
 word]: Phr.. / cannot afford it 
 cheaper, 'non posisum minoris vendere: 
 /cannot afford it at so ^mall a price, 
 *non possum tantulo vendere: if you 
 build, you must take care not to go 
 beyimd what you can a. in expense aiui 
 magnificence, cavendum est si aedlficea* 
 
 IQ
 
 AFFRAY 
 
 AFTER 
 
 AGAIN 
 
 ne extra mudum sumptu et magnfi- 
 centia prodeas, Oic. : / cannot afford 
 Co live in wgrand a manner, *res mihi 
 Don suppetit ad tantum luxum ; *non 
 Bum tarn dives quam ut tantos sumptus 
 facere possim : we cannot a. to let the 
 farm J or a smaller rent, *minoris 
 fundum locare non possumus : you can- 
 not a. to cany on the var, *sumptui 
 belli gerendi pares non estis. 
 
 aftray : rixa: there was an a., and 
 almost a battle, r. ac prope pioelium 
 fuit, Liv. : bloody a.s, r. sanguineae, 
 Hor. 
 
 affiisht: terreo, pavefacio: v. to 
 
 FKIGHTKN. 
 
 afiright {subs.) : v. fear, tekror. 
 af&Ont (L'O^ I. To face, to en- 
 counter, q. V. II. To insult openly : 
 
 1. contumelia afflcio, etc. : v. to 
 INSULT. 2. sugillo, I (not in Cic.) : 
 the men uere a.'d, viri sugillati sunt, 
 Liv. : Sulla was a.'d by his rejecticm 
 when a candidate for the praetorship, 
 Sulla repulsa praeturae sugillatus est, 
 Val. Max. : v. affront, to insult. 
 
 af&ont (subs.) : Open insult : 1. 
 contiimelia . to receive an a., c. accipere, 
 Caes. : to cast an a. upon any one, 
 c. in aliquem jacere, Cic. : to put an a. 
 upon any one, alicui c, impoiiere, Cic. : 
 to expose oneself to an a., praebere ad 
 c. OS, Liv. : V. INSULT. 2. sJigiUatio 
 (rare) : Liv.: Plin. 
 
 affronting (subs.)-, siigiliatio: the 
 a. of the consuls, s. consulum, Liv. 
 
 affronting (adj.) .- v. insulting. 
 
 affuse ■ aflundo : v. to pour upon. 
 
 affusion: expr. by part, of verb: 
 as, to criish the kernels with a gradual 
 a. of warm water upon them, nucleos 
 tundere affusa lis paulatim calida aqua, 
 Plin. 
 
 afield (adv.) : in agros ; agros ver- 
 sus: V. FIELD. 
 
 afloat (adv.) : P h r. : it iva^ a very 
 laborious task to get the ship a., res 
 erat multae operae iiavem litore dedu- 
 cere (of. Virg. Aen. 4, 598) : the vessel 
 is a., natat carina, Virg. : the ships were 
 got a. on the forty-fiflh day from the 
 time when the timber uas procured from 
 the forests, die quadragesinio quinto 
 qiiarn ex silvis detracta materia erat, 
 naves in aquam deductae sunt, Liv. : 
 V. to launch. Fig.: this rumour is 
 a., serpit hie rumor, Cic. : painful ru- 
 mours were a., graves rumores sparsi 
 sunt, Cic: this report has got a., haec 
 fama percrebuit, Cic. : v. to get abroad. 
 
 afoot (adv.) : pedlbiis : he began the 
 journey a., ingressus iter pediljus est, 
 Cic. P h r. ; to set afoot, in medium af- 
 ferre, proferre, proponere, Cic. 
 
 aforegoing : v. foregoing. 
 aforementioned, aforenamed, 
 
 aforesaid : supra dictus or supra tom- 
 niemOratus : or witli rel. clause : as, the 
 aforementioned son, filius de quo com- 
 memorayi supra, Nep. : v. above (adv.). 
 
 aforetime: oiim: v. formerly. 
 
 afraid : 1. tlmldus (of the ordi- 
 nary liabit of mind: v. fearful): 
 Codrus not a. to die for his country, 
 Codrus pro patria non t. mori, Hor. : 
 a. of a storm, t. procellae, Hor. 2. 
 
 pavidus (ihis expresses a greater degree 
 of tear than the preceding word) : a. of 
 suHmming, p. nandi, Tac. : a. of the sea, 
 p. maris, Lucan : v. alarmed. 
 
 , be : 1. timeo, ui, 2 (either 
 
 absol., or with direct object in ace. or 
 inf. ; also often with dat. of person on 
 behalf of whom anxiety is felt ■ con- 
 cerning the distinction between timeo 
 and meiuo, v. to fear): jioto / am a. 
 far our side what he will answer, nunc 
 DOStrae timeo parti quid hie respondeat, 
 Ter. : he vxls not at all a. about the 
 legumes danger, de legionis periculo 
 nihil tlmebat, Caes. : they were a. of 
 being sunvunded, timebant ne circum- 
 venirentur, Caes. : / am a. that you will 
 not be able to endure the tails, timeo 
 nt labores sustlneas, Cic— Note. Timeo 
 ne is positive; timeo tit, negative. 
 
 2. metuo, ui, ! (constr. same as 
 timeo): they are nut a. to swear any- 
 
 20 
 
 thing, nil metuunt jurare. Cat. ; ttiey 
 were a. to try the hope of a contest, 
 tentare spem certarainis metuerunt, 
 Liv. : to be a. of Hannibal, ab Hanni- 
 bale m., Liv. 3. paveo, pavi, 2 (to 
 be in a panic, q. v.) : / am a. for my- 
 self, mihi p., Ter. 4. pavito, i (of 
 habitual fear) : things which children 
 are a. of in the dark, quae pueri in 
 tenebris p., Lucr. : Virg. : v. to fear, 
 be alarmed. 
 
 afresh : 1. de Integro : Ter. : Cic 
 2. deniio : Ter. : Cic. : v. anew, 
 again. 
 
 aft: Phr. : the aft part of a ship, 
 puppis, is, /. : the captain ordered tlte 
 sailors to go aft, *magister navis nautls 
 imperavit ut puppim versus irent : fore 
 and aft, *a prora usque ad puppim. 
 
 after (odf-) •■ I. Nearer the stem ; 
 Phr.: the a. saifa, *vcla puppi propi- 
 ora. II, Subsequent, later, next, 
 
 following : q. v. 
 
 after (prep.): \. Behind: q. v. 
 
 II. At a later time: 1. post 
 (with ace. : the most general word) : 
 a. the proconsulship of M. Brutus, post 
 M. Brutum proconsulem, Cic : six years 
 a. the taking of Veii, sexennio post 
 Veiog captos, Cic : a. the death of Orge- 
 torix, post Orgetorigis mortem, Caes. 
 
 2. a or ab (with abl., and usu. 
 with an adverb) : immediately a. the 
 sacrifice. Jam ab re divina, PI. : immedi- 
 ately a. the battle, statim a proelio, Liv. 
 
 3. ex or e (with abl.) : a. his con- 
 sulship Cotta set out into Gaul, Cotta 
 ex consulatu est profectus in GuUiani, 
 Cic. : one thing a. another hindeis mc 
 every day, me quotidie aliud ex alio 
 impedit, Cic. : cheapness sucUlenly Jol- 
 loiced a. the greatest scarcity, repente 
 vililas annonae ex summa inopia conse- 
 cuta est, Cic. 4. de (with abl. : very 
 rare): immediately a. the sale, statim 
 de auctione, Cic. Note. A or ab, de, 
 and ex or e, all denote what happens 
 immediately after; and ex frequently 
 indicates that what follows aris<s out of 
 what previousl,y happened. 5. sitb 
 (i. e., following immediately upon ; with 
 ace): a. saying this, tlw.y all prostrated 
 themseloes in the vestibule, sub haec 
 dicta omnes in vestibule procubuerunt, 
 Liv. : your letter was read immediately 
 a. that of Lepidus, sub Uteras Lepidi 
 statim recitatae sunt tuae, Cic. 6. 
 secundum (less precise than the fore- 
 going : of what. /"oitoi'S in general, with 
 ace.) : a. thL^ day, s. hunc diem, Cic : 
 o. this battle the consul u ent to Messana, 
 s. hanc pugnam consul Messanam venit, 
 Liv. Phr.: the day a. the acquittal of 
 Messala, Hortensius came into the the- 
 atre, postridie Messalae absolulionem in 
 tbeatrum Hortensius introiit, Gael, ad 
 Cic. N.B. When the Eng. word is foil, 
 by a verbal suIjs., the phrase may often 
 be rendered (a) bv the abl. absol. : a. 
 the completion of that work, he posts 
 guards in various places, eo opere per- 
 feclo praesidia disponit, Caes. : a. the 
 taking of Saguntum Hannibal had re- 
 tired into winter-quarters, Hannibal, 
 Sagunto capto, in hiberna concesserat, 
 Liv. : or (6), by the conj. quuin with 
 subj. : as, a. my arrival in Africa, 
 etc., cum in Africam venissem, Cic. : 
 the cotisiils, a. laying the state of tlit 
 commonwealth before the senate, etc., 
 consules quum de republica retulissent, 
 Liv. Ill, Jn an inferior degree to: 
 secundum (with ace.) : next to and a. 
 the gods, men. can be the most useful to 
 men, proxime et s. deos homines homi- 
 nibus maxime utiles esse possimt, Cic. 
 
 IV. In imitation of : 1. ad (with 
 ace.) : a. the likeness of tcarlike disci- 
 pline, ad simililudinem bellicae disci- 
 plinae, Cic. : Liv. 2. de (with abl.) : 
 a. the old fashion, de more vetusto, 
 Virg. : V. according to, in aci.-ordance 
 WITH.— N.B. When after h attached to 
 verbs, forming a kind of separable com- 
 pounds, as, to run after, to follow after, 
 to seek after, it is not represented in 
 Latin by any single word : see the 
 several verbs. 
 
 after (adv.) .- l. Of place : perhapB 
 only in separable compounds, as to fol- 
 low qfter : for which see TO follow, etc. 
 2. Of time ; post : many years 
 a., multis post annis, Cic. : soon a., post 
 paulo, Caes. : so long a., post tanto, 
 Virg. : V. afterwards. 
 
 after (covj.): l. postea qtiam 
 
 (with perf.) : a. I began to aim at 
 himours, p. quam honoribus inservire 
 coepi, Cic. : but a. the cavalry came in 
 sight, the enemy turned their bcuJcs, p. 
 vero quam • equitutus in conspectum 
 venit. IJostes terga verterunt, Caes. 2. 
 postquam, or separately poet . . . quam 
 (also with perf.) : on the eleventh day 
 a. 1 had left you, undecimo die post- 
 quam a le discesseram, Cic : uhich luid 
 happened a. 1 had gicen to thejreedman 
 a letter for you, quod post accidisset 
 quam dedissem ad te liberto literas. 
 Cic. : Caes. ; Virg. 3. May often b€ 
 expr. by perf. part. (v. after, prep. 
 II. fin.) : as, a. the battle was finished, 
 proelio confecto. Sail. : six years a. Veii 
 was taken, sexennio post Veios captos, 
 Liv.: v. also when, as soon as. Pnr. : 
 the day a. you set out I came to Ponpey, 
 postridie quam tu es prolectus, veni ad 
 Pompeium, Cic. : Saguntum was taken 
 eight months a. the siege began, octavo 
 niense quam coeptum est oppugnari 
 captum est S., Liv.: he died the fourth 
 year a. he was exiled, decessit post an- 
 num quartum quam expulsus fnerat, 
 Nep. 
 
 after-ages : v. posteritt. 
 
 after all (.cu'i'"''-i'Ar.) : 1. tamfin: 
 though the achievements of the Athe- 
 nians were sufficiently great, they were, 
 after all, consideiably less important 
 than, etc., Atheniensinm res gestae satis 
 amplae fuere, aliquanto minores tamen 
 quam, etc.. Sail. : though strength be 
 wanting, yet after all, the wish is praise- 
 worthy, ut desint vires, tamen est lau- 
 danda volimtas, Ov. : v. vlt, notwith- 
 standing. 2. quanquam : aj ter all, 
 why do I speak, q. quid loquor? Gic: 
 v. ALTHOUGH. 3. Siiltem : if not in 
 a good condition of tlie commonwealth, 
 yet after all, in a sure one, si uon tjono. 
 at s. certo reipublicae statu, Cic. : v. «t 
 
 LE^VST. 
 
 after-birth : sgcimdae, arum • Cfels. 
 Plin. : secundae partfls, Plin. 
 
 after-growth (of trees when cup- 
 ped) : hiires, edis, m. : Plin. 
 
 aftermath : 1. chordum fenum 
 Plin. 2. sicilimenta, orum: Cato. 
 
 afternoon (subs.) ; 1. post meri- 
 diem, having derated the Jinenoon to 
 declaiming, we went doan into the Aca- 
 demy in the a., quum ante meiidiem 
 dictioni operam dedissemus, post meri- 
 diem in Academiam descendimus, Cic. 
 2. pomeridiilnum or postmeridia- 
 num tempus: Cic. 
 
 afternoon (i«yO ■• postmgridianus 
 or pomcriiliauus : an a. walk, ambu- 
 latio p., Cic. : an a. Utter, i. e., one deli- 
 vered ill the a., literae p., Cic. : tlie a. 
 service (at church), *publica siicra p. 
 
 after-pains : dolores ex panu. Cels. 
 
 2,8. 
 
 after-piece: *fabeila brevis post 
 majorem fabulam actam data. 
 
 after-thought : posterior cogitiitio ; 
 after-tliouyhts, as they say, are usually 
 I'lie luiser, p. cogitationes, ut aiunt, sa- 
 pientiores solent esse, Cic. 
 
 afterwards : 1. post : some time 
 a., aliquauto post, Cic. : v. AFTiiR 
 (adv.). 2, postea : P. Considitis had 
 been in Sulla's army and a. in thot of 
 Crassus, P. Considius in exercitu Sullae 
 et p. in Crassi fuerat, Caes. : some time 
 a., p. aliquanto, Cic. 3. posthac. 
 
 v. HEREAFTER. 4. deindg, deincepe, 
 
 dehinc: v. then, thereupon, next 
 (adv.). 
 
 again ; I, Once more : 1, denuo 
 (i.e. de novo, afresh: q. v.): read the 
 letter a., Uteras recita d., Cic: cities 
 ova-thrown by an earthquake he built 
 a., urbes terrae motu subversas d. con- 
 didit. Suet. 2. iterum (a seamd 
 
 time): o/jce and a., semel i.que, Cic:
 
 AGAINST 
 
 A (; E D 
 
 AGGRAN D IZ E 
 
 Caesar sends ambaasadors to liim a., 
 i. ud eum C;ics;ir li-gaios mitlii, Caes. 
 3. rursus and rursum : tlie Hulvetii 
 began to press on a., Helvelii rursus 
 instare coeperunt, Caes. • Ter. : Cic. 
 Phr. : I must lose as viuch a., altfruin 
 tantum perdimdum est, I'l. : as lan/e a., 
 altero tanto major, Cic. ; duplo major, 
 Plin. : as much monei/ a., dupla pi'cunia, 
 Llv. : to compare arguments icith argu- 
 ments a. and a., etiam atque etiam 
 argumenta cum argumentis comparare, 
 Cic. : to look a. and a., etiam atque 
 etiam aspicere, Hor. N.B. This word 
 is frequently expressed by the particle 
 rg pretixed to llie verb; as, to yrow a., 
 recrcsco; to boil up a., rec6quo, Cic: 
 V. TO GKOw, etc. II, Farther, in ad- 
 dition : 1. autem : v. mokeover. 
 2. jam : a., hoir sensible his advice 
 \s, ye have often experienced from, this 
 very place. Jam quantum consilio valeat 
 aoc ipso e.\ loco saepe cognostis, Cic. : 
 Llv. 3. porro : / Aace often heard 
 from my eldrs, who said that they a. 
 when Itoys had heard it from old men, 
 saepe audivi a majoribus natu, qui se p. 
 pueros a senlbus audisse dlcebaiu, Cic. : 
 Liv. 4. rursus and rursum : what- 
 ever they say I praise ; a. if they say 
 the opjtosite to that, I praise that too, 
 quicquld dicunt laudo ; id rursum si 
 iK'gant, laudo id quoque, Ter. : a shout 
 having been raised, a shout from the 
 iam]>art ansivers it a., clamore sublato 
 excipit rursus ex vallo clamor, Caes. 
 5. praeterga: v. besides, further. 
 
 against: 1. Upon (usu. with an 
 implication of force) : 1, In (with ace.) : 
 he ;-u7(.s and falls a. me, in me incurrit 
 atque incidit, Cic. : the Gauls rush a. 
 the Romans, Galll in Romanos incurr- 
 unt, Liv. 2. aU (with ace): i!osinA.-« 
 one's head a. an ardt, caput ad fornicem 
 offendere. Quint. : they lean a. the trees, 
 se ad arbores applicant, Caes. : v. upon. 
 (In this sense against is usu. expr. by 
 prefixes to the verbs, as, t" run a., 
 ineurro, occurro, etc. : for which see the 
 several verbs.) ||, In oppositio7> ; 
 
 denoting hostility, contradiction, disap- 
 proliation, injury, protection from : 1. 
 contra (with ace. in all the above 
 senses) : to cmispire a. the Roman 
 people, conjurare c. popnlum R., Caes. : 
 Cic. : one man can do iwthing a. many, 
 nihil unus potest c. multos, Cic. : a. any 
 line's judgment, c. alicujus judicium, Cic. 
 (V. CONTKAKY To) : evidence which is a. 
 any one, testimonium quod c. aliqiiem 
 est, Cic. : this is not only not in my 
 favour, but is a. me, hoc non modo non 
 pro me sed c. me est, Cic. : a protection 
 a. cold, tutela c. frigora, Plin. : Cic. 
 2. in (with ace. : esp. of direct 
 attack upon) : to in /lame the people a. 
 evil men, populuni infiammare in im- 
 probos, Cic. : to inreigh a. the tribunes, 
 in tribunes incurrere, Liv. 3. adver- 
 siis or adversuni (with ace. : of direct 
 hostility and of remedies a.) : I will 
 follow you a. my old allies, sequar vos 
 adv. veteres socios ineos, Liv. : / will 
 not contend a. you, non contendam ego 
 adv. te, Cic. : remedies a. poisons, reme- 
 dia adv. venena, Cels. 4. ad (with 
 ace. : rare) : they dare to go a. any 
 number of horse-soldiers, ad quemvis 
 immerum equituin adire audent, Caes. : 
 to prepare for war a. the enemy, ad 
 hostes bellum parare, I^iv. : v. also, 
 CONTRAKV TO, Kl:OM, FOR. |||, In a 
 
 contrary direction : contra (with ace.) : 
 tte beams turned a. the force and cur- 
 rent of the river, llgna c. vim atque ira- 
 petum flumiiiis conversa, Caes. Phr.: 
 a. the stnam, adverso flumine or in ad- 
 versuni flumen, Caes. : Llv. : the winds 
 are dead a. us, \enti nobis adverslssimi 
 siuit, Caes. ; v. opposite to. |\/. By 
 a given time; v. by. 
 
 agape : v gaping. 
 
 agaric : v. mushroom, touchwood. 
 
 agate: achates, acm. and/. .• Plin.: 
 white a., leurachates, ae, m. : Plin. 
 
 agave : *alii(; americana : Linn. 
 
 age : I. Time of life : 1. aetas, 
 atis, /. : the a. of men, aet. hoinlDUiD, 
 
 Cic : the a. of trees, aet. arlxirum, Plin. : 
 ive are now of such an a. that we ought 
 to endure all things cwuragi-ously, id 
 aetatis jam sumus ut omnia forllter 
 ferre det>eamus, Cic. : Fimbria nas 
 more advanced in a.. Fimbria longlus 
 aetate provcctus fuit, Cic. : a child in 
 a., aetate pucr, Cic. Of dehniie periods 
 of life : an advanced a., aet. pnjvecta, 
 Cic. : advancing a., Ingravescens act, 
 Cic. : of all (the other) a.s there is a 
 fixed limit, but none of old a., omnium 
 aet. certus est terminus, senectutis au- 
 tem nullus, Cic. : the a. of boyhood, aet. 
 puerilis, Cic. : the inexperience of youth- 
 ful a., ineuDtls aet. Inscttla, Cic. : the 
 fiincer of a., 1. e., youth, flos aetatls, Cic. ; 
 micUile a., aet. media, constans, Cic. : the 
 legal a.for tlie consulship, aet. consul- 
 aris, Cic. 2. aevum (poet.): human 
 nature is weak and of short a., natura 
 humana Imbecilla atque aevi brevls est, 
 Sail. : if any one shall asA- you my a., 
 meum si quia te percontabitur aevum, 
 Hor. : the jloner of a., flos aevi, Ov. ; 
 he would now be blooming at the some 
 a. as you, ntmc aequali tecum puljes- 
 ccret aevo, V!rg. — Note. Aye when 
 :^ old-age may be expr. by aetas or 
 (poet.) aevum when the context ex- 
 plains the sense in which the words are 
 used : as, a man worn out with disease 
 and a., vlr morbo .itque aet. confectus. 
 Sail. : worn out with a., confectus aevo, 
 V'irg. : V. YEARS, OLD AGE. Phf. : / 
 am in the Sith year of my a., quartum 
 annum ago et oclogesimimi, Cic. ; this 
 end had (lalba at the a. of 73, hunc ex- 
 itura habuit Galba tribus et septuaginta 
 annis, Tac. : a man more than 40 years 
 of a., vir amios natus major quadraginta, 
 Cic: nith children above the a. of 15, 
 cum liberis majoribus quam quindecim 
 annos natis, Liv. : /'. Orbius is about 
 my a., P. Orbius mens fere aequalis est, 
 Cic. : under a., minor xxi annis or an- 
 norum. Dig.: above a., major xxi annis. 
 (X.B. The Roman law differed Irum 
 the English in respect of the age at 
 which legal competency began, and 
 hence none of its terms are exactly 
 equivalent to our phrases, which must 
 therefore be literally rendered) : ||. 
 A particular period ; an epoch : 1. 
 
 aetas: the chief astronomers of that a., 
 summi astrologi illius aet., Cic. : the 
 heroic a.s, heroicae aet., Cic. : ttie golden 
 a., aurea aet., Ov. 2. aevum ■ r« our 
 a., in nostro aevo, Plin. 3. secfilum : 
 / myself peihaj s am involveil in Hie 
 error of this a., ipse tbrtas.se in hujus s. 
 errore versor, Cic. : left the a. of I'yrrha 
 slumld return, ne redlret s. Pyrrhae, 
 Hor. 4. tempus, Oris, n. ■ the heroic 
 a.s, heroica t., Cic. : v. time.s. |||, All 
 the hununt beings existing at any ime 
 time: 1, aetas: what have ><e, a hard- 
 ened a., shrunk from / quid nos dura 
 refugimus aetas ? Hor. 2. seculum : 
 / ktiow ichat are the manners if this a., 
 novi ego hoc s., moribus quibus sient, 
 I'l. : the insolence of this a., hujus s. 
 in.solentia, Cic: the jwigment of sw:- 
 ceeding a.s, s. reliquorum judicium, Cic. 
 Esp. of the spirit or morals of an aye : 
 nor is debauchery called the spirit of the 
 a., nee corrumpere ac corrumpi seculinn 
 vocatur, Tac. JV. -1 century or any 
 long, indefinite period: 1, .seciilum : 
 simie a.s afterwards Scipio took Car- 
 thage, aliquot seculis post Sclpio Cartha- 
 pinem ceplt, Cic. : Hor. 2. aetas : / 
 have lived 2U0 years ; the present is the 
 third a. of my existence, vixi annos bis 
 centum ; nunc tertia vivitur aetas, Ov. : 
 
 v. CENTURY. 
 
 aged : I. Old .- l. senex, sSnlor : 
 
 prop, only of living beings : v. old, oi.d- 
 MAX. 2. senilis, e (belonging to an 
 old person) ; <i» a. body, s. corpus, Cic. : 
 a. limbs, s. artus, Ov.: a. throat, a. 
 guttur, Hor. 3. annosus (poet, and 
 in late writers) : an a. crow, ;i. comix, 
 Hor. : a. trees, a. arbores, Plin. 4. 
 grandaevus (p<iet.) : a. yereus, <;. Ne- 
 reus, Virg. an a. fatlier, g. pater, Ov. 
 5. longaevusfpoet.) : an a. parent, 
 1. parens, Vlrg. ; an a. head, 1. caput. 
 
 I*rop. : an a. woman, longaeva, Ov. 
 Phr.: an a. man, vlr aetate provectuo, 
 
 Cic. : V. old, ADVANCED IN TEARS. ||. 
 
 Of a certain a. : natus : a man a. 40 
 years, vir annos quadraglnta natus, Cic. : 
 a man a. upuards of 50, homo annos 
 natus major quinquaginta, Cic. : v. old. 
 agencr: I. Action: q. v. ||, 
 
 Administration, instrumentality : \, 
 admlnistratio : without tiie a. of men. 
 Bine a. bominum, Cic. 2. op^ra 
 
 (chiefly in abl.) : he learned that Tat- 
 getius had Ijten killed through their a., 
 eorum op. Tusgetlum cognovit Interfet- 
 tum, Caes. : whence, could we harx har- 
 bours without the a. of men f imde sine 
 hominum op. port us habere possemus.' 
 Cic. Phr.: it is through my a., per 
 me tit, Stat (esp. in negative sentences ; 
 foil, by ne or quomlnus): it was through 
 the a. of your adversaries that it did 
 not take place, quomlnus fieret, factum 
 est per tuos adversarios, Cic. : Ter. 
 Ill, The duty or business of an 
 agent : procuratio : an ill-managed a., 
 male gesta p., Quint. 
 agent : I. .^^ actor, he that acts ; 
 
 1. actor : Cato was the a. in thote 
 things : Cato a. lllanmi rerum full, Cic 
 
 2. auctor : the inquiry refers both 
 to the act and to the a., quaerltur et de 
 facto et de a., Quint. Phr.: the man 
 is a free a., homo sul juris est, Cic. : nut 
 to be a free a., ad aliorum arbitrium 
 vivere, non ad suum, Cic. : Antony u'os 
 never a free a., Antonius in sua potes- 
 tate nunquam fuit, Cic. ||, One who 
 acts fen- another : 1. procurator (in 
 the strictly legal sense) : it makes no 
 difference whether you act through a.s 
 or in person, nihil Interest utrum per 
 procuratores agas an per te ipsum, 
 Cic: the a.s of Dolabella, Dolabellae 
 p., Cic. : a legally-appointed a., legiti- 
 me p. dictus, Cic. : Quint. 2. cu- 
 rator (with some limiting word): he 
 had a faithful a., erat ei negotiorum 
 curator fidus, Sail.: a. of the common- 
 vealth (said by Bocchus of Sulla), c rei- 
 publicae. Sail. 3. auctor (rather rare) : 
 that admirable a. of his state .' prae- 
 clarus iste a. suae civitatis, Cic. : the a. 
 of many societies, multarum societatum 
 a., Cic. 4, interpres, 6tis (esp. in bad 
 sense) : a.s for corrupting the adminis- 
 tration if justice, interpretes cormm- 
 pendi judicil, Cic. : Llv. 5. minister, 
 tri : thefnedman of Fabricius had been 
 his a. in a crime, Fabricil libertus m. 
 in malefacto fuerat, Cic. : the aj of 
 tfieir wickedness were arrested, sceleris 
 ministri comprehensi sunt, Llv. : v. 
 ABETTER. 6. admini>ter, tri: a.s 
 and abetters of A'aevius, a. et satellites 
 Naevil, Cic. (Obs. Both this and the 
 preceiiing are general terms, and must 
 not be used for agerd in its strict and 
 legal sense.) Phr.: to be a. for any 
 one, alicui proctirare. Dig.: to be a. for 
 distributing ]novi.':ions. alimentis dlvi 
 dendis procurare, Capit. |||, An active 
 power or catise: in such phr. as, Jire is 
 a poll erf ul a. ; when It must not ba 
 literally trans. : as, a pon crful a. in 
 citecking pains of Vie .vtomac/i, (herba) 
 in dolore stomachi efficax, Plin. ; wind 
 is a powerful a., *magna s. Ingens est 
 vis ventorum. 
 
 agglomerate : gl5m5ro, i : to a. 
 HooT into balls, lanam in orbes g., Ov. : 
 snows ad by an eddy of wind, glome- 
 ratae turbine nives, Sil. 
 
 agglutinate : agglutino, i (v. rare) : 
 
 Cic. : C<ls. : v. TO STICK TO. 
 
 agglutination: conglutlnatio (v. 
 rare) : Cic. : v. adhesion. 
 
 aggrandize : 1. ampiiflco, i : a 
 fell- ad by honour and glory may cor- 
 rupt the manners of the community, 
 pauci honore et gloria anipliticati mores 
 civitatis corrumpere possum, Cic. 2. 
 attoUo, i : to a. the }vpubtic by war and 
 arms, bello et armis rempublirara a., 
 Tac. 3. augeo, auxt, auctum. 2 i usu. 
 with a defining abl.) : to a. the oeu- 
 pant<! ivith Health, pos.sessores divitlis 
 a., Cic. : to a. any one in i aiiA:, aliquem 
 digiiitate a., Cic. Phr.: to a. an yon* 
 
 21
 
 AGGRANDIZEMENT 
 
 AGITATIO N 
 
 AGONY 
 
 exceisive.ly, immensis auctibus aliquem 
 extoUere, Tac. : v. to liNLAitGE, in- 
 crease, EXALT. 
 
 aggrandizement: 1. ampiifica- 
 
 tio : the a. of mie's private property, 
 rei familiaris a., Cic. 2. incremen- 
 tutn : Cicero vas indebted to himself 
 for all his a., Cicero omnia incremeuta 
 sua slbi debuit, Veil. P h r. : he seeks 
 only the a. nf liis oiin family, *id solum 
 qtiaerit, ut suos potentia, honore, divi- 
 tlis, augeat : he if btid only on his oicn 
 a., •hoc unuin studet ut fortunas suas 
 amplificet, auj;eat. 
 aggrandizer : iimplificator : you 
 
 shaU learn that I cm not merely the 
 tupportir but till- a. of your diynity, me 
 tuae dignitatis non niodo fautorem sed 
 etiam a. cognosces, (Jic. 
 
 aggravate : I. 'fo make vorse or 
 less endurable : 1, pravo, i : forbear 
 to a. my hard lot, tu fortuiiam parce g. 
 meam, Ov. : tu a. otie's unpopularity, 
 alicujus invidiam k-. lac. 2. aggravo, 
 I : affairs had If-eii a.d by a war, bello 
 res aggravatae erant. l,iv. ■ Plin. 3. 
 iugravo, i (less Irequent) : the one a.s 
 my misfortunes, the oilier relieves them, 
 illameos casus i., ilia levat, Ov. : Virg. 
 4, aspero, I : to a. the unath of a 
 conqueror, iram victoris a., Tac. 5. 
 e.\ulcero, i (as a sore) : what they 
 cannot heal they a., ea quae sanare ne- 
 queunt, e., Cic. : t" a. griff, dolorcni e., 
 Plin. Ep. 6, onero, i (chiefly in Mv. 
 an<l Tac.) : to a. a wrimij, injuriam o., 
 Liv. : to a. anxieties, curas o., Tac. 
 7, augeo, xl, ctinn, 2 : to a. any 
 ones grief a. alicni dolorem, Cic. : aye 
 a.s gluttony, vitiuin venlris et gutturis 
 aetas a., Cic. : v. to incuease. ||. ^b 
 describe in exoggi-raled terms: 1, 
 
 augeo, 2 : to a. the heiwustiess of an 
 action, facti atrocitatem a., Cic. : to a. 
 a charge, crimen a.. Quint. 2. aspero, 
 I: that he might seem neither to soften 
 nor to a. the accusations, ne lenire neve 
 a. criniina videretur, I'ac. : v. to exag- 
 geu^te. 
 
 aggravating (adj.) .■ |. Making 
 
 irorse : I' h r. : circum.-tances a. a crime, 
 *quod peccati atrocitiiti m augel : v. to 
 ag(,kavate. II, Annoy iiiy, vexatious: 
 molestus: v. annoyikg, vexatious. 
 
 aggravation: I. ■?*« making 
 
 pain, grief, itc, more intolerable : 1. 
 exulceratio : / was afraid that this 
 might be, not a amsolation , but an a. 
 (fit i/our grief), verebar ne haec non 
 consolatio sed e. esset. Sen. 2. (more 
 usu.) expr. by phr. : as, this is an a. 
 of our misery, *auget, gravat, onerat, 
 hoc miseriam nostram: v. to aggka- 
 vate. II, A Jnaking icoise ; Phr. : 
 it is an a. of the crime that the in- 
 jured man was a /ci^Hii, *aLiget atroci- 
 tatem facinoris quod homini amico iryuri- 
 am intulit : to consider the a.s or the 
 extenuations of an offence. *quae crimen 
 aut augent aut diluunt aestimare, s. 
 reputare . v. to agguavate. 
 
 aggregate (»■■)• v. to bring to- 
 getheu. 
 
 aggregate («((?')•■ ^ • "hole, total. 
 
 aggre?ate (subs.) : summa V. SUM, 
 total (suhs.). 
 
 aggregation: I. The act of bring- 
 ing together : collatio : Liv. ||. An 
 aggregate : % v. 
 
 aggression : Phr-: t" "ia'^-'e a.s an 
 the territories of one's neighbours, incur- 
 siones in finitimorum fines hostiliter 
 facere, Liv. : we ivUl not submit to your 
 a.s, *injurias tuas non patiemur, fere- 
 mus: v. attack. 
 
 aggressive : Phr.: the Romans took 
 the a. in the uar against I'hilip, ultro 
 bellum Phllippo Romani inferebant, 
 Liv. : those who are acting on the a. 
 have more spirit than those acting on 
 the defensive, animus est major infer- 
 entis vim quam arcentis, Liv. : also, to 
 take the a., arma hostibus ultro inferre, 
 Liv. : prior hostes bello lacessere, Caes. : 
 Cic. : inlesta arma contra aliquem ferre, 
 Justin : and of an a. movement in the 
 field, infcstis signis in hostes impetum 
 facere, a.l hostes ire, Caes. : the Romans 
 22 
 
 always pursued an a. policy, "sempPT j 
 hostes petere quam ab lis peti malebant 
 Romani an a. spirit, animus inlesius, 
 Cic. : V. hostile. 
 
 aggressor : Qui bellum ultro infert ; 
 qui alterum prior lacessit : v. aggres- 
 sive. 
 
 aggrieve : I. To grieve : q. v. 
 
 II. '^'0 injure : q. v. 
 
 aghast: stQpefactus : men gaze a. 
 upon him while speaking, homines eum 
 slupefacti dicentem intuentur. Cic. Ksp. 
 in phr. to stand or be a.; obsttipesco, 
 stiipiii, ; : / was a. at the sight; my 
 hair stooil on end, obstupui, steteruntque 
 comae, \'irg. : v. amazed, astonished. 
 
 agile : 1. agi'i*. ^ : ^'^ "■• godiiess, 
 
 a. dea, Ov. 2. peniix, icis : a. bodies, 
 p. corpora, Liv. : the a. Appulian, p. 
 Appulus, Hor. : v. A( tive, nimble. 
 
 agility: 1. agllitas: Quint. 2. 
 pemlcitas : a. and siviftness, p. et velo- 
 citas, Cic. : Caes. : v. niMbleness. 
 
 agio : coUybus : how can there be an 
 a. when every one vses the same kind 
 of coins ? c. esse qui potest quum utan- 
 tur omnes uno genere iiumorum ? Cic. r 
 to make a deduction for the a., deduc- 
 tionem facere pro c, Cic. 
 
 agist: V. to pasture. 
 
 agistment : v. pasturing. 
 
 agitate : I. To move rapidly to 
 and fio : 1, agito, I ; the. sea is a.d 
 and disturbed by the violence of the 
 irinds, mare ventorum vi agitatur atque 
 turbatur, Cic. 2. soUicIto, i (mostly 
 poet.) : to a. the sea ivith oars, freta 
 remis s., Vlrg. : v. to shake. ||, 
 Fig.: to excite in- disturb : 1, agito, 
 I : to a. the connmonalty, plebem a., 
 l^iv. : the republic was fiercely a d by 
 the dissensions of the tribunes, seditioni- 
 bus trlbnniciis atrociter respublica agita- 
 batur. Sail. : lest ungratifed desire con- 
 tiniially a. and harass thee, ne te semper 
 inops agitet vexetque cupido, Hor. 2. 
 commOveo, movi, motum, 2 : my mind 
 has been a.d by fear, hope, joy. animus 
 commotu 'st metu, spe, gaudio, Ter. : to 
 be a d by any strmui desire or by fear, 
 aut libidlne aliqua aut metu commoveri, 
 Cic. 3, perturbo, i (v. to distukb, 
 trouble) : to a. the mind, animura p., 
 Cic. : to be a.d respicting the safety of 
 the state, de relpublicae salute f>ertur- 
 bari, Cic. 4. pul.so, l (iwet.) fear 
 agitating their hearts, corda pavor pul- 
 sans, Virg. : Ov. : v. TO DISTUKB, ex- 
 cite, stir up. IIJ. To discuss, debate : 
 agito, I : these matters having been a.d, 
 his rebus agitatis, Caes. : v. to discuss, 
 
 DEBATE. 
 
 agitated (^yO •• 1. soilicitus : the 
 
 a. sea, mare s.. Virg. Fig.: a statf a. 
 by suspicion, soUiclta civltas suspiclone, 
 Cic. : / am not ignorant how a. and 
 anxious all love is, non iunoro quam sit 
 amor omnis s atque anxius. Cic. : an a. 
 life, s. vita, Hor. 2. trgpidus : the 
 iron hisses when plunged into the a. 
 water, ferrum in trepida submersum 
 sibilat unda, Ov. Fig.: a. with fear, 
 t. metu. Sail. : Virg. : with gen. : a. 
 ivith vondii- and fear, t. admirationis 
 ac metus, Tac: an a. look, t. vultus, 
 Ov. 3. tiimultuosus : the a. sea, t. 
 
 mare, Hor. Fig.: a seditious and a. 
 life, seditiosa ac t. vita, Cic. 4. tur- 
 btilentus : the a. water, t. aqua, Phaedr. 
 Fig.: an a. commonwealth, t. res- 
 publica, Cic. 
 
 , to be: trepido, I: my 
 
 mind is a. n-ith recent fear, recenti mens 
 t. metu, Hor. : to be a. with dread of 
 ivar, formidlne belli t., Ov. : t. to be 
 
 DISTURBED, TROUBLED. 
 
 agitation : I. Violent movement : 
 1. agilatio : the movements and a.s 
 of the waves, motus et agitationes fluc- 
 tuum, Cic. . Liv. 2. jactatio : the 
 soldiers not being yet sufficiently re- 
 covered from the a. of the sea, necduro 
 satis refectis ab j. maritlma militibus, 
 Liv. : Cic. : v. tossing. ||. Mental 
 or political disturbance : 1. commo- 
 tio a. of mind, c. animi, Cic. 2. 
 concitatio : more violent mental a.s, c. 
 vehementiores animi, Cic. : Liv. 3. 
 
 perturbatio : / for my part am dis- 
 turbed by great mrninl a., equldem 
 sum magna animi p lumniotus. Cic. 
 after the death oj Catsiir, cahses of 
 new a.s seemed to be smight J or, post 
 interitum Caesaris novanim p. causae 
 quaeri videbantur, Cic. 4. tilmultus, 
 lis : the a. of ttie mind, t. mentis, Hor. : 
 Lucan. 5. trepidatio : ' as there any 
 a.f any disordei/ numquae t.? nura- 
 qui tumultus? Cic: Veil. Phr.: the 
 corn-la'v a., *populi concitatio de legi- 
 bus frumentariis abiog.mdis v. dis- 
 turbance. III. J nscuss ion, debate: 
 q. V. Phr.: / hear that it is in a. 
 to bring Jorward a law establishing 
 vote by ballot, *audio id jam raoveri 
 ut lex tabfllaria ieratur. 
 
 agitator (political) : 1. qui solU- 
 citando aiiimos honiinum turbat statum 
 civitatis. Liv. J4, 62. 2. turbator 
 
 vulgi, Liv. 3. plebis turbator, Tac. 
 4, seditiosus civis et turbulentus, 
 Cic. ' 5. turbae ac tumultus conci- 
 tator, Liv. ; the mob, having been roused, 
 outstripped the a. himself, niultitudo 
 concitata ipsum concitatorem antecessit. 
 Sen. 
 
 agnail : rediivia : Cic. : Plin. 
 agnate : a relation by the father's 
 side : agnatus, Cic. 
 
 agnUS CastUS : agnos, \,f. .- Plin. : 
 vitex agnus castus, Linn. 
 
 ago : abhinc : their father died 22 
 years a., horum pater a. duos et viginti 
 annos est mortuus, Cic. : when f four 
 years a., quo tempore? a. aimis qua- 
 tuor, Cic. : 30 days a., a. triginta diebus, 
 Cic. Phr.: six mxmlhs a., ante hos sex 
 menses, Phaedr. : a few days a., panels 
 his diebus, Cic. : long a., some time a., 
 dudiira, piidem ; jamdiidum, jampri- 
 dem : V. loU. articles. 
 
 long : 1. dudum : when ? not 
 
 long ago, quaiido.' baudd., PI. ■ hoiv long 
 a. / just now, quam d.? modo, Ter. : Cic. 
 2. jamdudum : has she already left 
 the soldier ! lomg ago, anne abiit jam 
 amilite? j., Ter. 3. pridem : how 
 Irnig a. is it since you entered this debt 
 in your joui nal ' quam p. hoc nomen 
 in adversaria retulisti ? Cic. : not very 
 Jon^o., baud ita p., Hor. 4. jampn- 
 dem: this ought to have been done long 
 a., hoc j. factum esse oportult, Cic. : 
 Virg. (Imdum strictly reters to a time 
 longer ago than pridem, but is often 
 used, like the Greek iroiAai, of a time 
 only a little remov -d from the present. 
 Both words are strengthened by Jam : v. 
 LONG since). Phr.: / foresaw the 
 cmning storm long a., multo ante pro- 
 spexi tempestatem futuram, Cic. 
 
 , some time : 1. dudum (see 
 
 preceding an.fn.). I am ttlUvg this 
 man what you told me some time a., uarro 
 huic quae tu d. narrasti mihi, Ter. : Cic. 
 2, pridem: which you had vritten 
 to me some time ago, quod ad me p. 
 scripseras, Cic. 
 
 agog: ^- EAGER, LONGING. 
 
 agoing: ""'J' inphr. tose^o. : |. 
 LI I of physical motion : incito, 1 (only 
 of rapid motion) : to set stones a. lioun- 
 hill, inc. s;ixa per pronum. Sail. fr. : to 
 set horses rapidly a., equos veliementer 
 inc., Caes. ||. Fig.: mSveo, movi, 
 motum, 2: is it I who set those things 
 a. r ego isthaec ra. .' Ter. : v. to begin, 
 
 UNDERTAKE. 
 
 agonize: I. Trans.: to distress 
 severely : 1. crucio, i : to be a.d with 
 bodily pain, dolore corporis cruciari, Cic. 
 2. discrucio, i: to bt a.d in mind, 
 discruciari animi, Ter. 3. excriicio, I 
 (stronger than the preceding) : / say rut 
 nunc, lest I should a. you too, non loquor 
 plura, ne te quoque excruciem, Cic . v. 
 to torture, TORMENT. |j. Intrans." 
 to be in agony : v. agon^ . 
 
 agonizing : crucians, amis a. gri^, 
 aegiitudo c, Cic. 
 
 agony : 1. acerbissimus animi sea- 
 sus ac dolor, Cic. 2. acerbissimus or 
 acerriraus dolor, Cic: v. grief, pain. 
 Phr.: in what a. the wretched mother* 
 are', ut miserae matrescruciantur ! PL: 
 / am in mental a., discrucior animi, 
 I
 
 AGRARIAN 
 
 AGREEABLY 
 
 AGKieULTURAL 
 
 Ter. : PI. : to be in a., doiore angi, Clc : 
 / am in a. aixmt that, id ego excrucior. 
 Hi. (In Vulg. Luc. 22, 44, being iv an 
 a., he prayed mrm: eaitfMly, Inctus in 
 agDiiia, pruli.xius orabat.) 
 
 agrarian: agrarius: a. ?aifs, leges 
 igrailue, CIt. 
 
 agree: I. To be of the same mind 
 or opinion : 1, consentio, sensi, sen- 
 sum, 4 (with pre/*.) : / a. with yiiu, im 
 Utat sabjfct, de ea re tecum cunsentio, 
 Cic. : all as with one breath a., onines 
 uno ore c., (;ic. ; so, una et mcnte et 
 voce in aliqua re c, Clc. : also with mc. 
 and inf. : all men a. that arms ouyht 
 to 6« takeii up, oinnes morlales c. arma 
 esse capienda, Cic. 2. assontio, or 
 
 (more frcq.) assentlor, 4 (i. e. to assent 
 to : with dot.) : they a.d trith /iihulus, 
 Bibulo as,sensiuii e>t, Cic. : the senate 
 very often ad with you about the most 
 important affairs, s;iepissiine tibi sena- 
 lus ma.xlmis de rebus assen.sus est, Cic. 
 3. sentio, 4 (with cum or some 
 other word) . / a. with you, tecum sen- 
 tiu, I'l. : to a. with Caesar, cum Caesare 
 s., Cic. : if only all would a. to and ap- 
 prove the same, si Tiiodo unum omnes 
 seiitiantacpnil>ent, Caes. 4. cunirnio, 
 ui, i about one thiny <mly they diit'er, 
 about the rest they a. womlerfully, de re 
 una solum dissident, de ceteris miritice 
 c, Cic. 5. consisto, stlti, stilum. }: 
 to a. with any one in words, but to ditfer 
 in fact, cum aliquo verbis c, re dis.sid- 
 ere, Cic g. cunvenio, veni, ventuni, 
 4 (withpiv/i. ; esp. impers.) : this was 
 the only thing in nhich they could nfit 
 a., exstitit hoc unura quod Hun convene- 
 rjl illis, Ov. : herein I a. nith Hrutus. 
 hoc quidem mihi cum Brulo convenit, 
 Cic. 7, concino.cinui, centum, j (with 
 prep.) : to a. in fact with any one, but 
 to differ in uonls, re c. cum aliquo, 
 verbis disorepare, Cic. so it happens 
 that no tno a. (in the measurement), ita 
 St ut nulli duo c, I'lin. g, audio, .< 
 (i.e. to listen to and accept what some 
 one says : with ace.) I a. nith Socrates 
 tch'n he says, etc.. id Socratem audio 
 dicentem, etc., Cic. nor do I a. with 
 Homer, who says, etc., nee Homerum 
 audio, qui . . . ait, Cic. P h r. : / used to 
 say that you were the only person leho 
 a.d with me, conimemorabam te unum 
 mihi luisse assensorem, Cic. ||. To 
 settle mutually : 1. compono, posui, 
 positum, J : as had been a.d upon with 
 Marcius, ut compositum cum Alarcio 
 fuerat, Liv. : the treaty has been already 
 concluded, and all its terms a.d upon, 
 ictum Jam foedus et omnes compositae 
 leges, Virg. : at the hour a.d upon, cora- 
 posita bora, Hor. 2. constltiio, ui, 
 utum, J : the day which he had a.d upon 
 with the ambassadors had come, ea dies 
 quam constituerat cum legatis venit, 
 Caes. : VK a.d to linish our walk in the 
 Academy, constituimus inter nos ut ani- 
 bulationem in Acidemia conticeremus, 
 Cic • / could wish that I had not a.d 
 with Lcwlius to come to day, vellcm non 
 constiluissem me hodie venturinn esse 
 Laelio, Clc. 3. coiidico, di.xi, dictum, 
 J (rare): he a.d for a fixed price, certo 
 condixit pretio, I'haedr. : to a. upon a 
 truce, inducias c. Just. 4. con>entio, 
 4 : the whole senate a.d to decree a tri- 
 umph, universus senatus ad dccernen- 
 diim triumphum consensit, Liv. 5. 
 paciscor, pactum, } . he a.s for a large 
 reward vxith the chiefs, paciscitur magna 
 mercede cum principibus, Liv. , Cic: v. 
 TO BARGAIN. 6. depaciscor (depSc ), 
 J : he a.d with them to leave his anns, 
 depactus est cum eis ut anna relinquiret, 
 Cic. 7. pango, pCpiRi. pacium, ? (in 
 perfect tenses only): a treaty a.d upcm, 
 pactum toedus, Cic. : you have a.d upon 
 peace ivith us, pacem nobiscum pcpi- 
 gistis, Liv. : Ov. : Tac. g. convOnit 
 (impers.) : v. agrkkd uroN", to bk ; to 
 APl'OIXT, TO SKTTLK. |||, To ossent 
 
 to : assentio and (more freq.) a.ssentior, 
 4 (with dat.) ■ the citizens always aji 
 to his wi.^hes, ejus semper voluntatibus 
 cives a.ssen.serunt, Cic; / entirely a. 
 tottA what you have said, illud quod 
 
 a te dictum est, valde tibi as.sentior, 
 Cic. : v. TO AS.SENT. |V. To be 
 
 consistent with: 1. consentio, 4: 
 
 the countenance of Domitius did not a. 
 with his leords, vultus l>omitii cum 
 oratione non consentielKit, Cae.s. : all the 
 parts a. irith one another. Inter so 
 omnes partes c, Cic. : what is related 
 a.s with the times aiul places, teuipo- 
 ribus et locis ea quae narrantur c, Cic 
 2, consto, siitl, I : he will consider 
 whether nhat is said a.s teith the J act, 
 or ii-ith itself, considcrabit constetiie 
 oratio aut cum re, aut ipsa secum, Cic. : 
 the account a.x, i.e. balances, or is cor- 
 rect, ratio constat, Cic 3. coiiv6nlo, 
 veni, ventum, 4 : ivhen the resemblance 
 of his features, and the time of his ex- 
 posure, and the confession of the shep- 
 herd a.d, cum et vultus similituilo, et 
 expos; I '.on is tempora et pastoi-is con- 
 fesslo convenirent, ,Jusl. ; v. lo cor- 
 
 RESl'OX I), BK CONSISTENT. V. To Suit. 
 
 be adapted to : q. v. V h r. ; liquid food 
 a.s with the fatigued, cibus humidus 
 fatigaiis convenit, Cels. V|, To be in 
 harnumy : 1. concordo, i : you will 
 a. with Iter, conc<jrdal)is cum ilia, Ter. : 
 not ev'ii then could the brothers a., ne 
 tunc quiilcm fratrcs c. p<jtU!;runt, .just. 
 
 2. conjjti uo. 5 : a uonuin a.s better 
 with a I'tiHiaH, mulier mulieri magis c, 
 Ter. 3. iiJiivC'iiio, 4: to a. very well 
 with any one, optime cum aliquo c, Cic. 
 
 VII. -^s Urara. 1. 1. : s^quor, s6- 
 cutiis, } : as, adjectives a. v)ith sub- 
 stantives in case, gender, numlier, *ad- 
 jectiva substanllvorum suorum casum, 
 geiuis, numerum s. 
 
 agreeable: I. Pleasing-. \, 
 
 gratus : an a. truth, Veritas g., Cic. : 
 an a. mistake, g. error, Hor. : an a. 
 place, g locus, Hor. ler^a., pt'rgraius: 
 o very a. letter, perg. literae, Cic. 
 2. acceptus (with dat. : v. accei-t- 
 able): nothing ts more a. to (iod, nihil 
 Deo acceptius, Cic 3. commijdua 
 (esp. of manmrs) : a. to my compatiitms, 
 c sodalibiis meis, Hor. 4. amabilis, 
 6 : an a. coolness, a. frigus, Hor. : v. 
 LOVELV. 5. blaiidus (of things fal- 
 tering and scdiutive) by use ease be- 
 came mare a. every day, otium consue- 
 tudine in dies blandius, Liv. g. Ju- 
 
 CUndus : v. PLEASANT, DELIGHTFUL. 
 
 7. probabilis, e (of what pleases 
 any one's taste : with dat.) -. a speaker 
 m^re a. to the people, probabiliorpopulo 
 orator, Cic. 8. probaius(i.e. in favour 
 with : wilh dat.) : no one was more a. 
 to the chiefs of the patricians, nemo 
 probatior primoribus pairum erat, Liv. . 
 
 V. PLEASANT, CHARMING, DELIGHTKIL. 
 
 II. Of persons or personal man- 
 ners: 1, commodus: an a. and 
 chai-ming woman, mulier c. et faceta, 
 Ter. -• a. gtiests, r. convivae, I'l. : to be a 
 person of a. manners, commcxiis moribus 
 esse. Cic. 2. iacilis, e: to be a. and 
 pleasant ivith anybody, f et lestivum 
 esse alicui, Ter. ; a. and kind, f. bene- 
 volusque, Ter.: Cic: v. good-tkji- 
 PKRKi). 3, lepidus: / found him 
 kind, a., and courteous, ego usa svmi 
 benigno, 1., comi, Ter.: o. manners, I. 
 mores, PI. 4. festlvus: they think 
 you a., te f. putant, Ter. : v. pleasant, 
 
 polite, COURTFODS, AFFABLE. |||, 
 
 .•Suitable, Offteeing with, consistent : apt- 
 us, accomniodatus, congruens, consen- 
 !iens: v. suitable, agreeing with, 
 
 CONSISTENT. 
 
 agreeableness : I. Pleasantness 
 in general : 1. dulcedo, inis, /. : v. 
 
 SWEErNE.s.S, DELICIOL'SNESS, CHARM. 
 
 2. .suavltas : the a. of a colour, 
 colons s., Cic. : a country seat of sur- 
 prising a., villa niirifica s., Cic ||. 
 of persons and }>frsonal manners : 
 
 1. tacilitas: a. and politeness, f. et 
 humanitas, Cic : he treated his friemls 
 with such a. and indulgence, aniicos 
 tanta f. Indulgentiaque iractabat, .Suet 
 
 2. lepor, oris, m. : v. grace. 3. 
 festivitas: v. pleasantry. 4. com- 
 m6di, faciles, lepidi mores : v. agree- 
 able (II). 
 
 agreeably ; 1 suavitcr; / see 
 
 how a. pleasure flatters our senses, video 
 quam s. sell^lbus blandiatur, Cic. : to 
 livea.,s vivere. Hor. : a scent a. strung, 
 odor 8. gravis, Pliii. 2. dulc;ter([ioeu 
 duke, Hor.) pleasure by uhichfeeling 
 is a. and pleasantly excited, volupiL.8 
 qua sensus d. ac Jucunde movetur, Cic. ■ 
 a most a. written history, historiascripta 
 dulcissirne, Cic. : (Juini. 3. jucuiidg; 
 to live a., J. vivere, Cic; Suet. 4, 
 ICpide (colloq.): to happen a. and for- 
 tunately, I. prospereque evenire, PI.; 
 
 Ter.; v. PLEA.SANTLY, KKI.IGHTFl'LLT. 
 
 II, Consistrnlly, in accordance with: 
 1. accommodate to spealc as a. at 
 possible to truth, dicere quam maxime 
 ad verit;item ac, Cic. 2. cungrQcn- 
 ter : to live a. to nature, c naturae vi- 
 vere, Clc. Join: apte Congruenterque 
 dicere, Clc: v. consistently. 3. ad: 
 to act a. to orders, ad praescriptum 
 agcre, ( 'aes. 
 
 agreed, to be: constat, stitit, i: 
 
 it is a. among augurs that the number 
 ought to be odd, inter augures con- 
 stai, imparem numerum debere esse, 
 Liv. : it is universally a. that titere are 
 gods, inter omnes c esse deos, Cic 
 
 agreed upon, to be: ojnvenit, 
 
 venit, ventum, 4 : these things are not 
 a. upon between my brother and me, 
 haec fratri mecum non conveniunt, I'er. ; 
 the time had been a. upon between them 
 for joining battle, tempos inter eos com- 
 mitteiidi proelil convenerat, Caes. ; it 
 was a. up<tn by myself and Oeiotarus 
 that he should be in my camp, mibi cum 
 Deiotaro convenit ut ille in meis ca>tris 
 esset, Cic. ; the army, as had been a. 
 upon, teas withdrawn from .\umidia, 
 exercitus, uti convenerat, Numidia de- 
 ductus est. Sail. : v. to agree (U.). 
 
 agreeing (adj.)-. l. congriiens, 
 entis : there were other letters a. teith 
 yours, tuis Uteris c fuerunt aliae, Cic. 
 oratorical action a. with the sentiments 
 expressfd. gestus cum sententiis c, Cic. 
 
 2. consemangus : actions a. ■ tith 
 these emotions, aciiones his moiibus c, 
 Cic. 3. conveniens, entis : friends 
 a. well together, convenienies bene 
 amici, Cic : Ov. 4. consentiens, 
 entis ; movements a. with one's woi-dt 
 and sentiments, motus cum verbis sen - 
 lentiisque <•., Cic 
 
 agreement: I. Conf oi-vuty, con- 
 sist' ncy: 1. constantia: the a. of all 
 words and actions, c. dictoruni omnium 
 atque factorum, Cic. 2. convenien- 
 tia : a. with nature, c naturae, Cic 
 
 3. consensus, us : the wonderful a, 
 and harmotiy of all branches of learn- 
 ing, c. concintusque minis omnium doc- 
 trinarum, Cic. ||. Harmony of opin- 
 ions or feelings: 1. consensio Wie a. 
 of all nations, c. omnium gentium, Cic; 
 Caes. 2. consensus, us: tiei^er wot 
 your a. greater in any cause, nunqu.im 
 nuyor vester c in ulla causa fiiit, Cic 
 
 3. conspiriitio ■ the a. of all good 
 men, bonorum omnium c, Cic. : SueL 
 
 4. coiist;intia; what a. is there 
 amongaugurs y quae est inter augureg 
 c' Cic. Ill, .Mutual arrantiement, 
 compact : 1. convent nm : to adhere 
 to one's a.s, stare conventis, Cic Li». 
 
 2. con veil t io ; contrary tothe faith 
 of the a., contra tidem conveiitinins, 
 Liv. ; Tac. 3. pactio; in making aj 
 to regard the law, in p. facieiidis legem 
 spec tare, Cic. : a jnarriagea.. p. niiptialis, 
 Liv. 4. pactum: v. compaiT. 5. 
 sponsio ; v. engagement, .siirtLATIoN. 
 6. foedus, 6ris, ii. : v. league, 
 COMPACT. Phr. : acc(<r(i(H(7 1'( o., com- 
 pacto, Cic. ; ex conipiicto. Suet. ; ex 
 pacto, .^ep. ; compos! to, Ter.; e.\ com- 
 posito, Liv.; ex instituto. Liv.; ex 
 spinso.Cic. : v. arrangement, bargain 
 agricultural : 1, nistii ns : .vt- 
 cander wrote alxtut a. afTairs, Nicandcr 
 de rebus r. scripsit, Cic 2. agricO- 
 liirls, e : a. work, ag. opus. Col. 3. 
 cdlonicus : a. laws, c. leges, Varr. Pb r. : 
 the number of the a. population, nu- 
 merus aratorum, Cic. the (.'ermans are 
 by no means an a. people, miiiime Gep- 
 mani agiiculturae student, Caes. ; to give 
 
 W
 
 AGRICULTURE 
 
 AIR 
 
 AIRINESS 
 
 good deal of time and attentimi to a. 
 pursuits, aliquantum operae tempo- 
 risque consumere in agris colendis, Cic. 
 
 agriculture: 1. agricultura, or 
 separately, agri cultura : to pay atten- 
 tion to a., a. studere, Caes. 2. agri- 
 tultto, or separately, agri cultio, Cic. 
 3. agrorura ciilt\is : v. cultiva- 
 tion. 4. agrlcSlatio : Col. (wlio uses 
 the word of agriculture as distinguished 
 from the care of live stock). 5. res 
 rusticae (t. e. agriculture abstractedly 
 considered) ■ v. agkicultubal. 
 
 agriculturist: v. farmer, hus- 
 bandman. 
 
 agrimony: agrimonia: Cels.; Plin. 
 
 agrostis: 1. agroslis.is,/. .- App. 
 8, dactylon: Plin.: cynodon dac- 
 tylon : Plin. 
 
 aground: Phr. : the light skiffs 
 were a., leves cymbae sidebant, Liv.: 
 a ski}) haeing got a., navis cum per 
 vada haesis88t, Tac : they ran their ships 
 a. at Chios, ad Chium naves ojeceie, 
 Ijiv.: to run a ship a. oh shallows or 
 rocks (vadis, scopnlis) navem inipingere, 
 Quint. 4, I, 6i. 
 
 ague: I. The cold fit which pre- 
 cedes some fevers ; horror, oris, m. : 
 fevers generally begin with a., lobres 
 incipiunt fere ab h., Cels. ||. An 
 
 intermittent fever ; febris, is, /. (with 
 a defining word) : o quartan a., f. quar- 
 tana, Cels. (frigida quartana, Hor.) . an 
 a., febris intermittens, Cels.; Irigida 
 lebris. Plin. : a tertian a., febris terti- 
 aiia, Cic. : Cels.: sufferiivj from a ter- 
 tian a., tertiana febri laborans, Cic. 
 
 ague-fit: horror: Cels. 
 
 gSviinterj.): expr. of grief, concern, 
 surprise : 1, ah (used in most senses 
 of the Eng.) : ah .' you know not my 
 'jrief, ah ! nescis quam doleam, Ter. : 
 all I cease, ah ! desine, Ter. : ah .' be not 
 so cruel, ah ! ne saevi tantopere, Ter. 
 2. vah (of gritf, indignation : also 
 of joy) : ah ! I am, ruined, vah ! peril ! 
 ler. : ah ! how I would mangle him, 
 vah ! quibus ilium lacerarem modis, PI. : 
 V. hah. 3. eja (expr. of wonder, ad- 
 miration, eager apjxal) : ah .' how nice 
 he is, eja ! ut elegans est, Ter. : ah ! be 
 of good cheer, eja. ! bunumhabeanimum, 
 PI.: V. ho! come! 4. lieu.eheu: v. 
 alas. 5. atiit (of something that 
 strikes suddenly: also of grief): ah! 
 that's rvhat it meant, atat ! hoc illudest, 
 I'cr. : ah ! I am ruined, atat ( peril, 
 PI. : V. hah I 6. pro or proh (of 
 shanu, regret, etc.: usu. vrlth ace): 
 ah .' hoiv great is the poirer of thy sway, 
 pro ! quanta potentia regni est tui, Ov. : 
 V. (ih! 7. hei (with dat.) . ah me! 
 Iiei mihi ! Vlrg. : v. alas, woe! 
 
 aha (interj.) : aha : PI. ; v. also ho, 
 
 AH. 
 
 ahead : v. forward. To go a., pro- 
 cedere : v. to go forward : to get a. of 
 any one, praeverto : v. to gkt ahead. 
 
 aid (subs.) I. Assistance, help : 
 
 au.vilium: v. assistance, help. Phr. : 
 provided with all the aids either of na- 
 ture or of learning for speaking, omni- 
 bus vel naturae vel doctrinae praesidiis 
 addicendum paratus,Cic. ; v. resources, 
 appliances. II. An assistant, lielper : 
 1- V- III, -^ kind of tax granted to 
 government: *auxilium quod de gratia 
 et non de jure tit ; liberum adjutorium : 
 V. l)u Cange, s. vv. 
 
 aid (v.) ■■ V. TO assist, help, succour. 
 
 aide-de-camp : perh. the nearest 
 term is optio v. .\djutant. Or by 
 periphr., *qui duels imperata ad alios 
 defert. 
 
 aiding C'f??-) : v. auxiliary. 
 
 ail (''•): doleo, 2 (with dat.): nothing 
 a.'d any one, nilfil cuiquam doluit, Cic: 
 
 1 am not afraid test anything should a. 
 miR, non metuu ne quid mihi doleat, PI. 
 Phr.: to be a.g, laborare : male, gr-aviter 
 se habere, etc.: v. ill, unwell. 
 
 ailing: v. diseased, ill. 
 
 ailment: v. disease, illness. 
 
 aim (<'•): !• ^'o rfwect an arrow or 
 
 other weapiiii at : 1. intendo, di, 
 
 turn and sum, i (with in and ace. ; or 
 
 dat.) : to aim a lueapon at the neck, 
 
 24 
 
 telum in Jugulum int., Plin. Ep. : wea- 
 pons aimed at the vitals of the state, 
 tela intenui jugulis civitatis. Cic: also 
 absol., to aim arrows in ivar, bello int. 
 sagittas, Virg. 2. dirigo, rexi, rec- 
 tum, i (with in and ace. ; or dat.) : to 
 a. a spear at an antagonist's face, 
 hastam in os adversarii d.. Curt. : Pallas 
 had a.'d her spear at Ilus, Pallas llo 
 direxerat hastam, Virg. : lie a.'d arrows 
 at the outstretched hand of a boy, in 
 pueri dispansam palmam sagittas direxit, 
 Suet. 3. coUineo, i (to take exact 
 aim : rare) : to a. a spear or arrow at 
 some mark, c. hastam aliquo aut sagit- 
 tam, Cic. ||, To a. at with an arrow, 
 etc.; to try to hit: 1. peto, ivi, and 
 ii,Itum, i (with occ.) : to a. at anyone 
 ivith a javelin, aliquem spiculo p., Liv. ; 
 to a. at anyone with an apple, aliquem 
 uialo p., Virg. : to a. high, alta p., Virs?. 
 2. destine, i : the stingers used to 
 wound any part of the face at which 
 they had a.'d, funditores vulnerabant 
 quem locum destinassent oris, Liv. : 
 Curt. III. Fig.: 2'o aideavour or 
 
 purpose to attain : 1. affecto, i : to 
 a. at regal power, regnum af., Liv. : to 
 a. at obtaining the favour of the sold- 
 iery, studia militum af., Tac: to a. at 
 the mastery of Gaul, Gallias af., Tac. : 
 to a. at splendour of diction, magniti- 
 centiam verborum af., yuint. : Veil. 
 2. peto, J : to a. at any one's life 
 by poison, aliquem veneticio p., Auct. 
 Her.: to a. at heaven, coelum p., Hor.: 
 to a. at the foremost place in eloquence, 
 eloquentiae principatum p., Cic. : v. to 
 SEEK, CANVASS FOR. 3. quaero, quae- 
 sivi, quaesitum, J : to a. at Jlight, 
 fugam q., Cic: which was what he 
 a.'d at, id quod quaerebat, Cic: v. to 
 SEEK. 4. sequur, secCitus, j : to a. 
 at expediency, ulilitatem s., Cic: to 
 a. at Caesar's favour, gi-atlam Cae- 
 saris s., Caes.: Hor.: v. to pursue. 
 5, specto, 1 : to a. at the general 
 good, commune bonum s., Lucr. : to a. 
 at one's own glory rather than at the 
 public welfare, ad suam magis gloriam 
 quam ad salutem reipublicae s., Cic. : v. 
 VIEW, TO HAVE IN. 6. stiideo, 2 
 (i.e. to be bent on : with ckd.) : to a. at 
 virtue, renown, dignity, virtutl, laudi, 
 dignilati s., Cic. : also with ace. of neut. 
 pron.: you a. at one thing, namely to 
 avert the attempt of Antony from the 
 republic, unum studetis. Anionii cuna- 
 tum avertere a republica, Cic. : Hor. 
 7. tendo, tetendi. lentumand sum, j 
 (with prep.) : to a. at higher and illegal 
 objects, ad altiora et non concessa t., 
 Liv. : Hor. 8. id ago, egi, actum, ; 
 (usu. foil, by ut and sut^.) : they a. at 
 seeming good men, id agunt, ut viri boni 
 esse videuntur, Cic. : also absol. : that is 
 what they are a.g at and plotting, idet 
 agunt et moliuntur, Cic. §. in- 
 
 curabo, cfibul, ciibitum, j (with dot. or 
 prep. : to a. with all one's powers) : to a, 
 eameslly at avenging the tormigs of the 
 commonwealth, inc. ad ulciscendas reip. 
 injurias, Cic. • to a. at praise, ad laudem 
 inc., Cic. : V. to devote oneself, pur- 
 pose, PURSUE. 
 
 aim(s"bs.): I, Lit.: the act of 
 directing a missile or weapon. : chiefly 
 in certain phr. : as, to be able to take 
 sure a., certo ictu destinata terire. Curt. : 
 who is there who if he throw the javelin 
 a whole day, will not sometime take a 
 good a. ? quis est qui lotum diem jacu- 
 lans non aliquando collineet .' Cic. : he 
 took a., pariterque oculos telumque te- 
 tendit, Virg. : v. to aim. ||. The 
 object aimed at : v. mark. |||, Fig.: 
 a purpose, object, intention : q. v. 
 
 air (subs.) : 1^ The fluid which 
 
 we breatlie : ■ 1. aer, aeris, ace. usu. 
 afira, m. (at and near the surface 
 of the earth) : pure and thin a., 
 aer purus ac tenuis, Cic. : a. and 
 fire alvMys tend to rise, aer et ignis 
 super,', semper petunt, Cic. ■ the a. which 
 we breathe, aer quem spiritu ducimus, 
 Cic. : very thick a., crassissimus aer, Cic. : 
 tlie thickness of the a., aeris crassitude, 
 Cic. : the a. is condensed into a cloud. 
 
 in nubem cogittr aer, Virg.: the chc^ 
 maeleon lives on u.. alone,a. so.o pascifur 
 .•hamaeleon, "^'liii. 2. aether gris, m. 
 (the upper and pure <iir): he Jlies 
 through the vast a,., volat ille per mag- 
 num a., Virg. : ivater is produced from 
 earth, the lower a. from water, the upper 
 a. from the lower, ex terra aqua oritur, 
 ex aqua aer, ex aere aether, Cic. : v. 
 AETHER. 3. anima(rare): to be pro- 
 duced from fire, earth, and a., ex igni, 
 terra atque a. procresceie, Lucr : Cic. 
 4. SiUra. (air in motion : v. breeze: 
 usu.piit. and with a qualifying wor""): 
 he breathes the vital a., viUiies suscipit 
 a., Lucr. : you inhale the vital a., a. 
 vitales carpis, Virg. : to sniff' the a., 
 captare naribus auras, Virg. : the winds 
 will carry the clouds across through tlie 
 a., nubila portabunt veutei transvwsa 
 per auras, Lucr. . Eurydia teas coming 
 to the upper a. (from Orcus), Eurydice 
 superas veniebat ad auias, Virg. Esp. 
 the open a. (as opposed to concealment 
 or confinement) : the wood-in horse being 
 opened restores them to the open a., illos 
 patefactus ad auras reddit equus, Virg. 
 Fig.; to bring everything into the open 
 a., i. e. to reveal, onmia lerre sub auras, 
 Virg. Phr.: in the open a., sub dlvo, 
 Cic. : Hor. : Venus departs to Faplws 
 through the upper a., Venus Paphuni 
 sublimis abit, Virg. : to take the a. (lor 
 health or recreation), gestor, 1 (in some 
 conveyance) : Sen. : Mart. : ambulo, i : or 
 deambulo, i (oti foot) : Ter. : Cic : v. 
 atmosphere. II, A gentle breeze : v. 
 GALE, BREEZE. |||, Fig.: manner, 
 mien, look: \, spficies, ei, /'. ; a 
 woman with a channing a., specie lepida 
 niulier, PI. : the a. of these men, is most 
 respectable, horum hominum s. est hones- 
 tissima, Cic. 2, gestus, fis (bearing) : 
 a graceful a. and morement of the body, 
 venustus g. et motus corporis, Cic. : / 
 must now assume a new a. and, expres- 
 sion of coimtenauee, nunc g. mihi vul- 
 tusque est capieiidus novus, 'Per. : to 
 have an effeminate a., moUem in gestu 
 esse, Cic. 3. habitus, us: add the 
 
 look and the a. of the man, adde vul- 
 tum h.que hominis, Hor.: a maidenly 
 a. and dress, viiginalis h. atque vesli- 
 tus, Cic. Phr.: that tvas the more 
 readily believed, because it had an a. of 
 probability, id eo facilius credebatur 
 quia simile vero videbatur, Cic. : he has 
 the a. of a madman, turere videtur. 
 Cic. : what as the creature gives herself! 
 quam putide sese muliercula gerit! 
 they give themselves too many as (v. 
 affectedly), inlolerantius se jactant, 
 Cic. : he had been accustomed to give 
 himself very great a.s in that place, 
 solitus erat jaclare se magiiiticeutissime 
 illo in loco, Cic. : v. features, mien, 
 manner, look. IV. A tune or melody : 
 
 1. modus: v MEASURE, strain 
 
 2. numeri, orum : / remember the 
 a., if I could recollect the words, niime- 
 ros meniini si verba lenerem, Virg. : v. 
 
 TUNE, MELODV, music. 
 
 air ("•)■ I. 'J'" odrrM the fresh 
 air: Phr.: the hail is well a.'d bi, 
 means of open windows : cryptoporticus 
 patentibus fenestris auras admittil 
 transrailtitque, cf. Plin. Ep. 2, 17: the 
 liall has a. enough of its own, and ivants 
 no a.ing, cryptoporticus contenta ae'e 
 suo nee desiderat auras nee admittit, 
 Plin. Ep. : to be badlji a.'d (of a room), 
 aerepigro et manente ingravescere, Plin. 
 Ep. II. To 1-ender dry : V. TO J>P.r. 
 
 air-balloon: v. balloon. 
 
 air-bladder: vesicaia. Lucr.: of 
 fishes, *vesica natatorla. 
 
 air-built: v. unsubstantial. 
 
 air-drawn: v. imaginary. 
 
 air-gun : *bouibarda ventosa, Kr. , 
 *toniientum piieumaticum. 
 
 air-hole: 1. spiracaium: Virg. : 
 Plin. 2. spiramentum : Virg. : Ov. : 
 Just. 
 
 airiness : 1. ^^« exposure to the 
 air : P h r. . o. of a locality, *loci situs 
 ventosus : (windiness), loci situs auris 
 objectus : on account of the a. of the 
 house, 'propter auras aedibus admimM
 
 \ 
 
 AIRING 
 
 ALCOHOL 
 
 ALIENATED 
 
 transmlHsasque (v. TO aib): iixmtofa., 
 acr pigor et maiiens, I'lin. Kp. ||. 
 Fig.: gaiety, fprightliness ; q. v. 
 airing (subs.): (for health, etc.): 
 1. gislatio (in a cmrivyanci-) : Ols. : 
 Sen. 2. ambulatlo or dcanibiilatio 
 ((/re foot) : Cic. ; Ter. 1' li r. : to tahe 
 Jii a., gestor, ambulo, deaiiibulo ; v. 
 
 AIR (l.Ji.7l.). 
 
 airless : aere carens ; aeris expers : 
 
 V. VOID OF. 
 
 air-pump : * antlia pneumatica ; 
 lUihiik. ap. Kr. 
 
 air-shaft : ('" mjne.s) : l. aestii- 
 arium: I'lin. 2. lumen, inis,«. : Plin. 
 
 air-vessel : (in plants) : •vesiciila, 
 foUiculus : V. follicle. 
 
 airy : |. Considing of or per- 
 taining to air : V. AKKIAL. II, Optni 
 to the air : 1. perfiiibilis, e ; the 
 thrfshing-Jloor should lie on a high, a. 
 spot, sit area loco subluni, et undecun- 
 que perflabill, Pall. - (Cic. calls the fiiiiiy 
 godsof Kplcurus,per/Ka(;i7<'«). 2. auris 
 pervius ; qui auras adiuittit transmit- 
 titque: v. to air. 3. veiitosus : 
 stronger than the English word : v. 
 »ixi>y. 4. apertus, patens : v.opf.n. 
 III. l-iffl^t as air : v. light, fine. 
 JV. O'ay, sprightly .- q.v. 
 
 aisle : a'^ (the general temi for a side- 
 ttriicture : V. wing): v. I)u Cange, s. v. 
 
 akin (culj.) .- |, Belated by blood : 
 consangulnfius : v. related. ||. Closely 
 connected or resembling : 1, cognatus : 
 nothing is so a. to our minds as rhythm 
 and irords, nihil est tam c. nientibus 
 nostris quani numeri atquo voces, Cic. : 
 irords a. to things, vocabula rebus c, 
 Hor. 2. finltimus : Ooldiiess is a. to 
 cowideiuie, audacta fidentiae f. est, Cic. 
 "his word is sometimes joined with 
 I'ropinquus and vicinus ; the two words 
 being perhaps equivalent to our phrase 
 " near akin : " emotions near a. to these 
 mentai disturbances, niotus tinitimi et 
 proplnqut his animi perturbationibus, 
 Cic. : knowledge of logic is near a. to 
 doquence, dialecticonim scientia vicina 
 et finitima est eloquentlae, Cic. ; v. 
 relatkd, connected. 
 
 alabaster : alabastrites, ae, m. -. 
 Plin : an at. box, alab:isti'r, tri, m. : Cic. 
 
 alack : lieni l : Ter. : Cic. : v. alas. 
 
 alacrity : Slacritas : o. and eager- 
 ness for fighting, a. studiumque pug- 
 nandi, Caes. : a. in defeiuling the re- 
 public, a. reipublicaedefendendae, Cic. : 
 the a. of dogs in hunting, a. canum in 
 venando, Cic. : to display a., a. uti, Caes. 
 
 alarm (subs.) -. |. Loud notice of 
 iwrnincnt danger : clamor : an a. is 
 raised by the watchmen and guards of 
 thetempU, c. a vigilibus fanlque custodi- 
 bus tollitur, Cic. P h r. : an a. to arms 
 tvas sounded, conelamatum (est) ad 
 arma, Liv. : to sound an a. (milit;iry). 
 bellicum canere, Liv. : Cic. there is an 
 a. of fire in the neighbourhood, concla- 
 matur in vicinio incendiuni. Sen. ||. 
 Tlie panic and disturbance caused by the 
 approach of danger : 1, trgpidiilio : 
 the unexpected occurrence caused the 
 more a., nee oplnata res plus Irepidatio- 
 nis fecit, Ltv. . the a. and flight of the 
 enemy, tr. fugaque hostium, Liv. : xchat 
 i«as the a. of the senate, the confusion 
 of the people, ttie fear of the city, quae 
 senatus tr., quae populi eonfusio, quis 
 urbis melus, Veil. 2. tumullus, us; 
 tliey brought a. rather than certain in- 
 telligence to the camp. t. magis quatn 
 certuin nunllumcastris intulerunt, Liv. : 
 Ae mrote to the senate in trhat a. the 
 province uhu, senatui scripsit quo in t. 
 provincia esset, Liv. P h r. : / jierceive 
 that titere is a., irepidari .sentio, Ter.: 
 to be in a state of a., trcpidare : v. 
 alarmed, to be. v. consternation, 
 confusion. III. Terror, fright : pa- 
 ver : fright and a. took possession of 
 all, terror pavorque omnes ixt^upavit, 
 Liv. : 7u>ctumal a.s, iiocturni p., Tac. : 
 v dread, terror. 
 
 alarm : (I'0 : 1. perturbo, i : to 
 be a.'d bu shouts, clamore perturbari, 
 Cic. : to i>r a.' i fur ■mes ou-n safety, de 
 iOA salute perturbari, Cic. 2. terreo, 
 
 perterreo (intens.): v. TO frighten, 
 TRRRiFV. 3. e.xanlmo, i (a strong 
 expression : well-nigh to kill with fear 
 or anxiety) : the illness of my Tullia 
 a.s me greatly, TulUae ineae morbus 
 me ex., Cic. 
 
 alarmed (<^j-) ■ 1. pavidus : a. 
 
 mothers, p. matres, Virg. ; the woman a. 
 out of sleep, p. ex somno mulic", Liv. : 
 Hor. 2. trepidus: v. agitated, 
 
 ANXIOUS. 
 
 , to be : 1. trgpido, I 
 
 (denoting agitation and panic) : cliil- 
 dren are a. and fear everything in the 
 blinding darkness, pueri tr. atque om- 
 nia caecis in tenebris metuunt, Lucr. : 
 Virg. 2. extimesco, llmui, j (to be 
 greatly in fear) : even the horses of the 
 gladiators were greatly a. by the sudden 
 hisses, equl Ipsl gladlatorum repcntlnls 
 sibllis exllmescebant, Cic. : Ter. 3. 
 pavCo, pavi, 2 (of strong jianir-fear) : I 
 am greatly a. v>hen in-iloors, and ter- 
 rified when out of doors, el intus paveo 
 et foris furmido, PI. : v. lo be afraid, 
 
 DREAD. 
 
 , to become : pavesco, j : 
 
 V. fright, TO TAKE. 
 
 alarm-bell : *canipana qua pericu- 
 lum, incendiuni, repenlinus hostium ag- 
 gressus, nuntiatur. 
 
 alarming : quod terret, timorem af- 
 fert, Inculit, etc.: v. to alarm. Some- 
 times to be expressed by such a word 
 as magnus, ingens, etc. : as, so a. and 
 so miexpected a danger, tantum tamque 
 inopinalum periculum ; v. grievous, 
 
 SEVERE. 
 
 alarmingly: Phr. : the di.'<ease 
 was at. secere, *inorbus tam gravis erat 
 ut nietu oinnes exanimareiitur : the fire 
 teas al. close to our house, tam pro- 
 pinquiun nostris aedibus fuit incen- 
 diuni ut niagnopere commoveremur : v. 
 
 TO ALARM. 
 
 alarum : *tintinnab6lum ad exdt- 
 andr.m aliquem e somno. 
 
 alas: 1. lieu (either absol., or 
 with ace.) : alas ! by how different a 
 iiMSter art thou governed, heu ! (pumi 
 disp:iri domino doniinaris, poet. ap. Cic. : 
 alas, the vanity of man, heu vaniiius 
 humaiia, Plin. : alas for unhappy me ! 
 heu me infelicem, Ter. 2. 6heu 
 (eheu, Ov. : constr. same as heu) : alas, 
 the feet years glide mi, eheu, fugaces 
 labuntur aniii, Ilor. : Virg.; Ter. 3. 
 vae (either absol. or wiih dat.): alas 
 for my back 1 vae tergo meo, PI.: Man- 
 tua, too near, alas, to unhappy Cre- 
 mona, M. vae miserae nimium vicina 
 Cremonae, Virg. : v. woe to. 4. hei 
 (constr. same as vae) : alas, T am un- 
 done, hei, peril miser! PI.: alas for me, 
 hei mihi ! I'l. 5- ah, vab ; v ah ! 6. 
 o, pro : V. OH, ah ! 
 
 alb (a surplice) : *alba sacerdotis 
 vestis. 
 
 albatross : *diomedeaexulaiis, Linn. 
 
 albeit: v. although. 
 
 albino : leucaethiops 5pis : Plin. 
 
 albugo (<t disease of the eye) : albugo, 
 inis,./-: Plin. 
 
 album (a book) : porh. *nugaruni 
 allium s. liber: the term album was 
 applied to various register-books: v. 
 Diet. Ant. s. 1). 
 
 albumen : albumen, inis, n. : strictly 
 the white of egg : but also used by mo- 
 dern writers In the scientitic sense of the 
 English word (Palmer). 
 
 albuminous : albumlnosus, M. L. 
 (Palmer). 
 
 alburnum : 1. Sdpps, ipis, c. : 
 Plin. 2. alburnum: I'lin. 
 
 alcahest (1 inetcnded u n ii^ersal sd- 
 venl) : menstruum universum : JI. L. 
 
 alcaic: alcalcus: alcaics or alcaic 
 verses, versus aUaiui, Diom. 
 
 alchemist : *alcbemista or alcu- 
 mista, ae, m. : Erasm. : Bacon. 
 
 alchemy; *aichemistice or -a (sc. 
 ars) : Erasm. (also perh., alchlmia or 
 alchemea : Firmic, but the reading is 
 doubtful'). 
 
 alcmaiiian metre : alcmanlum me- 
 
 truni. S. 1 V. 
 
 alcoliol : spiritus vini : M. L. (Pal- 
 
 mer): or as sclent U, alcohol oralkoboL 
 Is, 7!. (I'reund). 
 
 alcoholic: alcobllcus, M. L. (Pal- 
 mer); or perhaps better by cjrcuml.; 
 e. g. an al.Jtaid, liquor cui iuest spiritus 
 vini. 
 
 alcoran : v. koran. 
 
 alcove : zOtheca: PUn. Ep. 2, i";,!!; 
 dim., zothecula, a small a. : id. 5, 6, }8 . 
 
 V. also RECESS. 
 
 alcyon : v. king-fisher. 
 
 alder : ainus, 1, /. : PUn. : hollowed 
 
 a.s, i. v.. vanoes, a. cavatae, Virg. 
 
 alderman: perh. dccujiu cic 
 aldem: (ie., of alder): aliifius: on 
 a. stalce, pains a., Vitr. 
 ale : cerevisla : v. beer. 
 
 ale-brewer: v. brewer. 
 ale-house: laupOna (prop, a shop 
 
 or inn) : i.'u:. . Hor. . v. jn.n. 
 
 ale-house-keeper : cauix) : v. inn- 
 
 KEl I'ER. 
 
 a-lee : (naut. t. t.y. »ad latus navis 
 a vento aversum : Phr.: helm a-lee' 
 "guberiiaciilum a vento averte ! 
 
 alembic: alembieus, i, wi.: JL L. 
 
 alert : alicer, promptus . V. watch- 
 ful, Mi.ii.ANT. Phr.: the lenale teat 
 by no means on the a., senatus nihil 
 sane inti-ntus. Sail. 
 
 alertness : alacrltas, atls : v. brisk- 
 
 NE.SS, WATCHl ULNtiS, SPRIi.IITLIX l-i>.-.. 
 
 alexanders (a plant): olusatrum: 
 Plin.: OjI. 
 
 alezandrian (adj.) .- Alexandrinns : 
 Caes. 
 
 alexandrine (tubs,, a verse) .■ »alex- 
 andrinus vcr.>ns. 
 
 alexipharmic (subs.) : alexiphar- 
 niacoii, i, V. : Plin. 
 
 algebra: algebra: M. L. 
 
 tlSSal:^'^^'^^^'--^-''- 
 
 algebraist : algebrae perilus: M. L. 
 
 alias: Pin-.: Turner cUias I'owell, 
 *Turner all ter norainatus Powell. 
 
 alibi : I' h r. : the prisoner pleaded 
 an a., reus dixit se non interfuisse, Liv. 
 
 alien (adj.) : J. Xot native : pOr- 
 egrinus; a. troops, i.e. foreign soldiers 
 in Homati armies, p. nnlites, Inscr. : 
 also of that which belongs to aliens ; as, 
 a. land, ager p., Varr. . /«; forliade men 
 of a. condilum to assume Homan names, 
 p. conditionjs homines vetuit usurpare 
 koni;ina nomina. Suet. ||, i'nciw;- 
 nected : aversus : v. foreign. 
 
 alien (subs.) : pSregiinus (in tbu 
 strict legal sense) : they forbid aj to 
 dwell in cities, peregrinos urbibus uti 
 prohibent, Cic. : by that law aj are ex- 
 jjelledfrom Home, ilia lege p. Koma ejic- 
 iuntur, Cic: there is a very wide dif- 
 ference whither (a niuJi^ is a citizen or 
 an a., civis an p. sit, phirinium dislat, 
 Quint. Phr. (fig.); pi. ''^ophy seemed 
 to be an a. at Home, pi. .^iphla pero 
 grinari l\oni;ie videbatur, Cic. (For the 
 looser sense of "alien," v. foreigner.) 
 
 alienable : quod abalienarl potest : 
 
 v. TO ALIENATE. 
 
 alienate : I. To transfer the 
 
 ownership of anything to a > other : 
 1, iilieiio, I: to al. the public reve- 
 nues, veciigaliiial., Cic. Join:ven- 
 dere et al. 2. Sbillieno, 1 : to a. the 
 laruis of the Homan people, agros populi 
 R. abal., Cic. ||. 'Jh retuler averse, 
 to estrange : 1. alieno. i : they en- 
 deavoured to a. my good will from 
 you, conabantur al. a le voluntalem 
 nieara, Cic. : an a.d provivce, allenata 
 provincia, Liv. 2. abiilicnn, 1 : my 
 speech a.d Fompey's good will from 
 me, Pompeii voluiuatem a me abalien- 
 abat oratio nie;i. Cic: Liv. 3. ab- 
 duco, duxi, ductum, }: v. to draw 
 AWAT, DIVERT. 4. abslraho, traxi, 
 tractum, j (rare) : he had a.d tlie sol- 
 diers from J.epidus, mililes a Lepido 
 abstra.\erai, Cic. 5. averto, li, sum, 
 } : to a. stales from our fric-miship, 
 civitadcs ab amicliia nostra a., Caes.: 
 Cat. 6, av(5co, i ; to a. any one 
 from intimacy with another, aliquem ab 
 alicujus coiijunctione a., Cic : v. TO 
 
 CALL AWAY, DIVERT. 
 
 alienated (adj.) : l, aversmt 
 25
 
 ALIEN ATION 
 
 ALL 
 
 ALLEGIANCE 
 
 alienation : 
 
 oioners'nip : 1, 
 aUenaUo : Pomp. 
 tiifnt : alienatio : 
 
 aecustnmed to reconcile al. fritnds, a. 
 solitus componere amicos, Hur. 2. 
 inimicus ex aiiiico (actus : v. IN- 
 
 FRIENDI.Y. 
 
 I. A transfer of 
 , abaiienutiu, Cic. 2. 
 Dig. II. KUramge- 
 the suMen desertion 
 of fom.pi'y, the a. of the consuls, subiia 
 defectio Pompeii, a. consuluni. Cic. . the 
 a. and breaking off of friendship, a. AU- 
 junctiixjue amicitiae, Cic. |f|. hisa- 
 nity : alienatio : a. of mind, a. mentis, 
 Gels. : a. (alone). Sen. 
 alienator : qui abalienat : V. TO 
 
 ALIKNATK. 
 
 alight : I. ^'o 9>'-t *>«■" ■■ 1. 
 descendo, di, sum, i : to a. from a horse, 
 ex equo d (or eijuis, oi more than one), 
 Cic. : to a. from a chariot, a turru d., 
 Suet. : and In gen., to a., whether from 
 a horse or a vehicle, ail pedes d.. Liv. 
 2. desilio, Ifii, 4 (lit. to leapdoim. 
 hence it implie.s rapidity ur haste) : to 
 a. from, a tracelling carriage, de rheda 
 d.,Cic. : to a. from hors'back, ex equis 
 d., Caes. : in gen. (of. sujir. 1), to a., ad 
 pedes d., Caes. : Hor. ||. To settle on 
 (of winged animals) : insido, sedi, ses- 
 sum, ; : the Oe.es a. upon the flmcvrs, apes 
 floribus ins., Virg. : birds of ill omen 
 had a.'d <m the Capitol, insessum diris 
 avibus Capitolimn, Tac. 
 
 alike (o^;-)-' P^r. similis: V. MKE. 
 SIMILAR. P h r. : these things are all a., 
 haec omnia sunt inter se similia, Cic. 
 
 alike (adv.): parlter, similiter: v. 
 
 KQrALLV, SIMILARLY. 
 
 aliment : alimentum : Cic. : Cels. : 
 
 Ov. V. KOOn, NOURISHMENT. 
 
 alimentai : Ph r. : chyh is a., *alit 
 corpora cliyliis : a. substances, *eae res 
 quae corpora alnnt: v. to noukish. 
 
 alimentary : alimentanus : a. sub- 
 itanres, res a, Amm. : an a. law, (i.e. 
 relating to the distribution of food to 
 the poor), lex a., Coel. ap. Cic. : the al. 
 canal, canalis a., orcanalis intestinorum, 
 M. L. (Palmer). 
 
 alimony (allowaiire for the support 
 of a ivife separated f rum her husband) : 
 1. alimonium : Suet. : Juv. 2. 
 alimentum . Dig. N.B. There was 
 nothing in Roman law corresponding to 
 tlie tech. sig. of alimony, but the above 
 words are used by modern writers in the 
 modern sense. 
 
 alive: I. Having life-, vivus: the 
 laws forbade two of one family, loth 
 being a., to be made magistrales, leges 
 duo ex una famllia, vivo utroque, ma- 
 gistratus creari vetabant, Caes. : Cala- 
 uus ivas burnt a., Calauus vivus com- 
 bustus est, Cic. : the cotisulship of Milo 
 could not be eiulangered even were 
 clodins a., Milonis consulatus, v. Clo- 
 dio, labelactari non poterat, Cic Join: 
 vivus el videns, vivus et spirans, Cic. : 
 vivus vigensque, Plin. P h r. : he is the 
 xvisest man a., *omnium niortalium qui 
 nunc sunt sapientissimus est : v. livim; ; 
 ALIVE, TO BE. II. Active, in force : 
 P h r. : to keep love a., amorem fovere, 
 Cic: honour keeps the arts a., honosalit 
 artes, Cic. |||. Lively, alert : alacer ; 
 V. LIVELY. IV. Taking a wai-m in- 
 terest in : Ph r. : Ae i« a. to that subjei:t, 
 illi rei studet, PI.: to be a. to renown, 
 laudi studere, Cic: v. interested. 
 
 , to be: 1. \i\'o. vi.xi,vic- 
 
 tum, ? : my wife is a., and is likely to 
 live, uxor mea v., victuraque est, PI. 
 2. supersum : prorided I am a., 
 mode vita supers! t, Virg.: v. to sik- 
 vrvE; Phr. : to be olive, inter homi- 
 nes esse, Cic. : inter homines agere, Tac. : 
 
 alcali, n. indecl. : 
 2. akalina, ae, /. : 
 
 V. to live. 
 alkali : 1. 
 
 M. L. (Palmer). 
 M. L. (Kreund). 
 
 alkaline: alcalinus: M.L. (Palmer). 
 
 alkaloid : alcaloides, ae, m. : M. L. 
 (Freund). 
 
 alkanet: v. Buci^oas. 
 
 all (adj.): I. h very individual: 1, 
 
 oniiiis, e: all iiutn .;/ all ra»ts, omnes 
 
 omnium ordiiiuin homines, Cic : they 
 
 are a^l without exception, of the same 
 
 26 
 
 opinion, omnes ad unum idem sentiunt, 
 Cic. : the ships nere all without excep- 
 tion unecked,navesaci unam omiieselisae 
 sunt, Caes. It is very freq usedwiih- 
 out a subs. : all men in all places who 
 know Latin, omnes qui ubique sunt qui 
 Latine sciunt, Cic. : / agree with him on 
 all subjects, cum eo onmia mihi sunt, 
 Cic. : bifore all things, ante omnia, 
 Liv.; omnium primuin, Cic: Liv. 2. 
 universus (denoting a union of the in- 
 dividuals included: hence it is oKen 
 equivalent to "all together"): the ad- 
 vantage of each separate prson and of 
 all together, utilitas uniusiujusque et 
 universorum, Cic: all had been op- 
 pressed by the cruelty of one. crudtl- 
 itate unius oppressi erant universi, Cic. : 
 Caes. 3. cunctus (contr. from con- 
 junctus, and so denoting a cmuiection 
 between the individuals, though a less 
 close one than universus : never used In 
 sing, in sense of every: v. inf. JL 2): 
 the Roman people excelled all nations in 
 valour, P. K. antecedebat fortitudine c. 
 nationes, Nep..: having abandoned all 
 their towns and forts, c. oppidis castel- 
 lisque desertis, Caes. : poet, w ith gen. : 
 all the world, cuncta terraiuui, Hur.: 
 all the plains, cuncta camiwioim, Tac. 
 4. quisque, quaeque, etc. ; esp. wiih 
 superlatives : all the he^t thi7igs are 
 rarest, optimum quidque rarissimum 
 est, Cic : all the most learned persons, 
 doclissimus q., Cic. : v. each, every. 
 II. Wliole, entire : 1. lotus : the 
 Peloponnesus itself is almosi all in the 
 sea, ipsa Peloponnesus fere loia in niari 
 est, Cic. : the fellow was all deceit 
 and falsehood, homo erat totus ex 
 fraude et meiidacio factus, Cic. : v. 
 whole. 2. cunctus (v. supr. I. 3) : 
 all the senate, c. senatus, Cic. : all the 
 world, cunctus orbis terrarum, Virg. : 
 all the people, slate, c. populus, civitas, 
 Cic. 3, oniiiis, e tsimply of q(«i«<(Y;/ 
 or extent): they barn up all the corn. 
 frumentum o. comburunt, Caes. .- all 
 Gaul is divided into three parts, GsilMdi 
 est o divisa in paries tres, Caes. 4. 
 universus (denoting the unity of parts 
 in a body) : the agreement of all daul, 
 u. Galliae consensio, Caes. : the fellow- 
 ship of all mankind, u. generis humani 
 societas, Cic Phr. : he is all for him- 
 se(/,*sibi solicavet; all the ships of war 
 he had. he assigned to the legates, quid- 
 quid naviuin loiigarum habelmi, hgaiis 
 dislribuit, Caes. : () all ye gods that rule 
 <Aefar</i, Oquicquiddeoium regit tena-;. 
 Hoi-. : the soldiers were all but the head 
 under water, milites capite solo ex aqua 
 exstabaut, Caes. : the soldiers made all 
 the haste they could, milites nihil ad 
 celeritateni sibi reliqui fecerunt, Caes. : 
 all the more, all the b'tter, etc., eo, tanto, 
 with plus, melius, eic. : v. so much : it is 
 all over with me, actum est de me, PI. : 
 Cic : oboi* all things, maxime : as, 
 write me some news, and above all 
 things if Pompey, etc., scribe aliquld, et 
 m. si Pompeius, etc., Cic. : that was 
 above all tilings agreeable to the senate, 
 grata ea res ut quae maxime senatui un- 
 quam fuit, Liv. (v. especially) ; after 
 personal prons. above all may sometimes 
 be expr. by adeo: as, thou, above all! 
 tuque adeo ! Virg. (but the particle is 
 le-s forcible than the Kng. phr.). All 
 (men) may sometimes be expressed by 
 a double negative, nemo non : v. e\ krv- 
 
 BODY. V. E\ ERT, WHOLE, WHOEVER, 
 ANY. 
 
 all(s«bs.): maynsu.be rendered by 
 the neut. forms of the Latin adj. : v. ^upr. 
 Phr.: wrrite all you can, scril^e quan- 
 tum potes, Cic : for all that you have 
 proved, I do not perceive that there are 
 go'ls, quantum quidem in te est, non 
 intelligo deos esse, Cic. : so I do all I 
 can to maintain harnvmy, sic tueor, ut 
 possum, concordiam, Cic ; it is all one 
 to you whether they have done it (or 
 not), tua refert nihil utrum illae fece- 
 rint, Ter. : it is all one to the republic 
 whether the colony is established or nut, 
 nihil interest reipublicae colonia deduc- 
 atur necne, Cic. : all J am afraid of is 
 
 lest you should disapprove, unam lem 
 veieor, ne nmi probes, Cic. : all J say i£ 
 til is, if Alphenus n as poiceifid, yaevius 
 was very poweifid, uiiuui illud dico, ti 
 potens erat Alphenu>, poieiitissimm 
 Naevius, Cic: Dtim trios is oil in all to 
 them, Demetrius lis unus omnia est, 
 Liv.: hewas a/f ik u'i to us, nobis omnia 
 solus erat, Ov. : v. also at all, in all. 
 
 all, at: 1. omnlno (usu. wiih ne- 
 gativ()s) : they do nothing at all nyalnst 
 their will, nihil o. contra voluiilati-m 
 iaciunt, Caes. : the low could ha-uly. if 
 at all, be repealed, lex vix aut .>. non 
 poterat infirinari , Cic. : Theopoinpus and 
 h'phorus were never concerned in causes 
 at all, v. et E. causa> o. niinquam attig- 
 eruiit, Cic 2. admodum (not very 
 
 freq. : used with some nefrative word, 
 as nihil, tiulh's) : the other lejt nothing 
 at all in uniting, alier nihil a. scripii 
 reliquit, Cic. : no money at all, nulla a. 
 peciinia, Liv. : there uas no caixjlry 
 battle at all, equestris pugna nulla a. 
 luit, Liv. For " not ut aU," v. KOT. 
 
 all, in (with numerals) : 1. om- 
 niiio ■ there were jive in all, quimiue 
 o. fuerunt, Cic. : eighteen ilays in oil, 
 dies o. deiem et octo, Caes. 2. '" 
 sunnna : Jour votes in all, in s. quatuoi 
 senteiitiae, Cic 
 
 all-bearing : omnifer, era, eruni, 
 Ov. 
 
 all-devouring: omnivorns; Pim. 
 
 all-hail ! «'l\e. salve e! v. hail: 
 
 all-happy ; pertecte bcatus : Cic. 
 
 all-knowing: qui omnia scit: om- 
 uipeiitus : Albiiiov. (^not however to hn 
 used in prose, at any rate): v. omn'.^- 
 
 CIENT. 
 
 all-nowerful : onmipotens, eiuis. 
 Cat. : Virg. v. ai.mk.htv. 
 
 all-producing: omnipftrens, enlis: 
 the oll-p. eiiitli, tiria om., Lucr. : Virg. 
 
 all-ruling : q"' omnem muiulum 
 regit : 'Cic (cl. too Hor. Od. I, 12, 14.) 
 
 All-Saints' day: festum omnium 
 sancioruiii, Alcuiii. 
 
 all-seeing: omnituens, entis : Lucr. 
 
 all-wise : perlecte or plene sapiens, 
 entis : Cic. 
 
 allay : \. To quiet, appease : 1. 
 sedo, I : to a. a tumult, lumultum s., 
 Caes. : to a. discords, discordias s., Cic. 
 2. compono, posui, fiositum, } ; 
 to a. disputes, c lites, Virg. : Liv. : to a. 
 discords, discordias c, Tac. : v. to ap- 
 pease. II, To abate, to mitigate : 
 
 I. sedo, I : to a. thirst, sitim s., 
 Lucr.: to a. hunger and WiVst, fanieni 
 ac sitim s., Plin. 2. mulceo, si, sum, 
 2 : to a. pains of the 7ie)t«s, dolores ner- 
 vorum m., Plin. : v. to ,\ssuage. 
 
 allegation: v. assertion, plka. 
 
 allege : I. 1"o assert : 1. argiio, 
 ui, utum, 5 (against anyone) : that they 
 a.d was done by the malv e of the pa- 
 tricians, id traude patriciorum facium 
 arguere, l,iv. 2. refero, tuli, laium, 
 J : Ajax has a.d that he is tie great 
 grandson of Jove, rettulit Ajax e:ise 
 Jovis proiiepos, Ov. : v. ii. ASSERT. 
 
 II. To cite or quote (as an argum' ut 
 or excuse): 1. aSiru, j : what reasim 
 shall I a..'' quam causam afferam .' Ter.: 
 ivhat will he be able to say r will he a. 
 h is age ? quid poterit dicei e .■'an aetati m 
 afTeret > Cic. 2. relJro, ? : ij anyime 
 a. this example, si quis hoc relerat ex- 
 emplum, (juin.,. 3. oppono, posiii, 
 posltum, 5 : you a.d as a leason the ill- 
 health of our Cicero, opposuisti causam, 
 Ciceronis noslri valetudinem, Cic. 4. 
 praeteiido, di, lum, j (to put forward 
 by way of defence) : you are wont to a. 
 the name of a very teamed man m ix- 
 cuse for your own barbarous manners. 
 homiiiis dociissimi nomeii tuis barbaris 
 moribus p. soles, Cic : Ov. 5. obten- 
 tlo. i (— praetendo) : alleging the en- 
 treaties of his mother, mairis preces <«b- 
 tendeiis, Tac. 6. allego, i . to a. an 
 example, exemplum a., Plin.: Tac 
 
 allegiance : 1. fidt-s. ei, /. : Ju 
 
 exhorts them to embrace Ih'. a. of the 
 K. people, horta;ur ut populi R. f. sequ- 
 antur, Caes.: they had received natit/M 
 conquered in war into a., nationes de-
 
 A L L K G O K I C A L 
 
 A L L O W 
 
 A LLO Y 
 
 yictas bello in fidem acceperant, Cic. : 
 to retain uaveHng stales in their a., 
 nntantes ac dubhu- civitates in f. re- 
 tinere, Suct. : tii remain in the a. and 
 friendship of any slate, in f. atque anil- 
 cilia alicujus clviiaiis essv. Caes. 2. 
 ofTicium: he directs l.aljii-nus to Keep 
 Ike Belgae in their a., Ub.eiiu mandat 
 ut Belga-s in officio contineat, Cacs. : not 
 to lie faithful to a., in o. nun mantre, 
 Ncp. I' h r. : they took an oath of a. to 
 (Jalba. in verba Galbae jurarunt. Suet. : 
 ''Ui udius alloued the armed men to take 
 an oath of a. to himself, Claudius amiatos 
 lurare in tionien suum passus est. Suet. : 
 Tiberius forbade the taking of an oath 
 of a. to himself, Tiberius intercessit 
 quoniinus in acta sua juraretur, Suet. : 
 they siixar a. to his guardians, in tu- 
 torum obsequia jurant. ./ustin. 
 alle?vri(;al : allggdricus .- Amob. . 
 
 T. also Flca-RATIVH. 
 
 allegorically : alleg<3ri( g, allegorico 
 more. .Vriiub. : August. I'hr.: to de- 
 scribe anytkmff a., *aliqui(l per contin- 
 uas Iranilatlones (or, conlinuls trans- 
 laticjnibus; descnben-: v. kiglrk (Jli). 
 allegorization: i-e. allegorical ex- 
 planation : alle^oricae.xplanalid. .■Yrnob. 
 allegorize: I. To rr/nesnit alle- 
 gorically : 1. allegorice .-.. ainbiigibus 
 allegoricls scribirc; Arnoh. (Cic. uses 
 the Gk. form oAAij^opiKu.?). 2 a"e- 
 gdrizo, I; Tert.:Hier. 3. "[MTpetua 
 translatione scril>ere, describere : v. 
 FKiiRK, JICTAI-HOR. ||. To interpret 
 aliegotically : •allegoric- e.\plic;ir,-, e.\- 
 plariare; quasi pi-r allegorias scriptuni 
 explanare. Or in more classical phr. : 
 •qiiasi per translatlones scripiuni ex- 
 planare: V. ALLF.GORV. 
 
 allegory: 1. allegorla: the con- 
 tinued use of metaphor results in a and 
 n*««. con:iinuis translaiionis usus in 
 allegoriam et ae?iigniata e.\it, Quint. 8, 
 6, 14: a.uhiijh they translate invnsion. 
 aWriyopia quani inversionem interpre- 
 lantur. Quint. : trhen several metaphors 
 succeed without ivtem-uption, the lan- 
 guage becomes q u He diiierent : and there- 
 fore the Greeks call this sti/le a., quum 
 flujcerunt plurescontinuae translatlones 
 alia plane fit oratio; It.ique genus hoc I 
 Graeci appellant iAATjyopiai-.Cic. Or. 2-;, ' 
 9:: the explanation of a.s. alleguriarum 
 e.xplanaiio, Amob 2. translatioties: 
 
 Cicero {I. c.) prelcrs in such ca.ses this 
 plural to the Greek word. 3 inver- 
 
 sio : yuint. (But in strictly technical 
 sense allegoria must be used : cf. Ar- 
 nob. 5, 42,.seq.) 
 
 alleviate : 1. levo. \ toa.a dig. 
 ease, morbum 1., I'l. : to a. suspicion 
 suspicioneni 1., Cic. 2. allevo, i : to 
 a. anxieties, sollieitudines a.. Cic. 3. 
 elfevo, i: to a. grief, aegritudineni e.", 
 Cic. 4. suMevo, i : adversity is a.d, 
 res adversae sublevantur Cic. to a. the 
 labour of the soldiers, miliiuni laborem 
 
 S., Caes. V TO ASSUAGK, MITIGATE, 
 LESSEN. 
 
 alleviation: I. The act of alle- 
 viating : 1, levaiio: an a. of sor- 
 rous. 1. aegritudinuni, Cic. 2. alle- 
 vatlo : lie ought to hope for no a.. liullani 
 a. sperare debemus, Cic. 3. Or e.xpr. 
 by part, of verb: he devoted himself 
 to the a. of human sorro'r, »ad levandos 
 boniinum dolores incubult: v. T'i allf- 
 ViATE. Jl, That irhich alleviates: 
 1. Igvanien : if there n ere any a., 
 it would be in you alone, si essei ali- 
 quod 1., id e^.s.t in te uno, Cic. 2. 
 Kvanientum : an a. of misfortunes, niisel 
 riaruni 1., Cic 3| alleVanientiiin : to 
 remain u-ithout any a., sine uUo a. per- 
 manere.Cic. 4. fonientuni : these are 
 the solaces, these the a.s of the greatest 
 misfortunes, haec sunt solatia, haec f. 
 summorum maloruni, Cic: v. .mitiga- 
 tion. 
 
 alley : |. a valk in a garden, 
 &c. • .\ystus. i, 711.: Cic: I'lln. ep.: v. 
 walk. II, A narroic nay in a tou-n : 
 angiportus, us, and angioortum ■ Ter 
 Cic. : Hor 
 
 alliance : I, a union between 
 
 states : 1. sdcigtas : an a. had been 
 
 made with ItoUmy, cnm I'tolemaeo s. 
 erat facta, Caes. the Trtiriri unite Am- 
 biorix to thrmseli-es by an a. and a 
 treaty, I'reviri Aniblorigeni sibi s. et 
 loedere aiyiiiiguni, Caes. to fonn an a. 
 uith any stale, s. conjungere cum aliqua 
 civiiaie, .Sail.: to bejaithful to an a., in 
 s. nianere, Nep. : lo induce (a jieople) to 
 break off a. tcith another people, a s. ali- 
 cuju> gentisaverlere, Nep. un oD'ensive. 
 and defensii^e a, *s. ad b-IUini et de- 
 tendendum et inferendiinj lacta s. con- 
 Juncia f*toedus ad belliim et del. et inf. 
 iiiiiuni, Kr. and Ueorg.). 2. f^edus, 
 Oris, n. : to conclude a treaty if pi-ace 
 and a. » ilk any one, cum aliquo |iaceiii 
 et f. lacere, Cic: v. trhat^, i.kagle. 
 II, A treaty establishing swh union -. 
 v. TRKATV. III. Connection between 
 bodies of men or individual : 1. 
 sociC'tas : to enter into a defensive a. uith 
 I any one, s. salutlscum aliquo coiie, Cic: 
 [ to form a general a. u-ith any one, s. 
 I omnium rerum cum aliquo facere or 
 [ inire.Cic: robbers united byanefarious 
 a., latrones inter .se net'aiia s. conjuncti, 
 Cic : to break oil' an a., s. dirimere, Cic 
 2. conJunctTo: our a. and all'ection, 
 nostra c amorqiie. Cic. : the bands of the 
 closest a. vith you, vincula tecum sum- 
 niae c, Cic : v. connkctiox, union. 
 IV. L'nion arising from maniage : 
 conjunctio: / hope that this a. (of his 
 daughter with Crassipes) v-ill be a 
 source of pleasure to us, spero nobis 
 banc c. volupiali fore, Cic : v. belatiok- 
 
 SHIP, AKFINITV, MAURIAGE. 
 
 allied (of stiiU-s) : 1. foedgratus : 
 an a. people, f. populus, Cic. 2. 
 sdclus • an a. city. s. urbs. l^iv. : a state 
 a. uith us, civitas s. nobis, Tac. ; a. 
 bands, s. agmina, Virg. 3. sdcialis, e : 
 an a. army, s. e.xercitus, Liv. : Tac 
 (For the fig. applications of the word, 
 V. connkcted, belatkd.) 
 
 alligator : crocMiius l.uoius, 
 
 Cuv. 
 
 alliteration : in tech. sense, *napri- 
 )£>)(7i« vel quae hodie alliteratio dicitur : 
 or by phr., as to be fond of a., verbis ab 
 eadem litera incipientibus saepius i-ierat- 
 is s. repe litis gaudeie : the early English 
 poetry has rhythm and a., *vetus poesis 
 Anglicarhythmo consistit etverbisquae 
 ab eadem litera incipiunt geminatis vel 
 etiam saepius iteratis. 
 
 alliterative : 'rraprixriTiKo^, vel, ut ' 
 
 bodie dicunt. ailiterans. j 
 
 allocution: allocutio: Suet.: Plin. : 
 
 V. AIlIlRKSS. I 
 
 allodial : *allodialis (alod.). e ; 
 il. L. I'hr.: a. lands, may be de- 
 scribed as agri immunes liberique, Qc. 
 J Verr. 2, 69. I 
 
 ; allodium: *all.)dium (alod.): a. 
 i dicitur hereditas qu:im vendere et do- 
 nare possum, Biiio, Voc, ap. l)u Caiige: 
 s. V. See also preceding art., and free- 
 hold. 
 
 allot: 1. distrpmo, ui, utum, j : 
 Caesar a.'d ships to the dijf'ertut com- 
 manding officers. Cne>.tr naves praefpctis 
 disiribuit, Caes.: v. ti> uistbikute, 
 yUABTKR. 2. (iescribo, scripsi, scrip- 
 tuni, J : to a. sun,s of money to the 
 states, civiiaiibiis peeuniaruin sunimas 
 d., Cic. Fig.: to a. his proper duty to 
 each man, suum cuique niunus d., Cic. : 
 Hor. 3. as>igiio, I land was a.'d to 
 the soldiers, militihus aper assignatus est, 
 Caes. F i g. a duty a.d by (iod, niiinus 
 assignatum a lieo, Cic. v. to assign. 
 4. do, dgdi. datum, dare: esp. in 
 phr., triumvirs for allotting land, irium- 
 viri agro dando, Liv. v. to Bt^sTow. 
 
 allotment: I. The act of al- 
 lotting : 1, assignatio : this a. ofiands, 
 haec agrorum a., Cic. 2. Or expr. 
 by pan. of verb: as, to have the direc- 
 tion if the a. of lands, *aiinf. assignandis 
 «. dandis praeesse : v. to allot. ||, 
 That II h ich is allotted : quod assignatuni 
 est (V to allot): as, an a. if land, 
 ager assignatu>, Cic. (or ager alone may 
 be u.sed : as, to receive under tne name of 
 a. s, per nomen agrorum accipere. lac) 
 allottcr: :i.ssi<.Tiaior Ulp. 
 allow: I. 'I^> grant, bestow: q. v.: 
 
 attribuo, praebgo. ||. To a.knou>. 
 
 leiige, grant, agrervith, admit, q. v. - 
 
 prolH., coniprolio. ||| lu concede 
 
 permit, suffer : 1. pati,,r pa*sus }: 
 
 he a.'d no day to pass 1. Uhnut speaking 
 
 m the forum, nullum |iatiebatur esse 
 
 dleni qiiin in loro dlcerei, Cic. 2 
 
 sino, sivl, situni, j (constr. u.-u. with 
 
 ace. and inf. or subj.) : a. me to clear 
 
 myself, sine me e.xpurg.ni, ler. : „edo 
 
 not a. the Tiansalpine nations to plant 
 
 the olive and the vine, iios Irans- 
 
 alpiiias gentes oleam et vltem serere 
 
 noil ,>inimus, Cic: Ov. : v. to sufff.b, 
 
 I'KRjiiT. 3. concgdo, tessi, cessum, j 
 
 (with dat. of person : esp. as inipers.) • 
 
 they are not a.d to speak on puUic 
 
 affairs except in the council, de re- 
 
 publica, nisi per concilium, loqui non 
 
 conceditur, Caes.: ve a. slaves to brat 
 
 our sons, concedimus servis verlx-rare 
 
 pueros, Curt. : he a.'d that there should be 
 
 an annual holiday, concessit ut annua 
 
 vacatio esset. Suet.: to a. soldiers to 
 
 plunder the toun, c. multibus oppidum 
 
 ad diripiendum, Caes. 4. permitlo, 
 
 niisi, mis.-um, i (with dot.' ot perx^n! 
 
 and subj. with ut: also inf.): nor nould 
 
 he have left me had 1 not a.'d him, neque 
 
 discessisset a me nisi ei jierniisissem, 
 
 Cic: he a.'d him to choose whom he 
 
 pleased, ei pemiisit quem vellet ellgerei 
 
 Nep.: V. to l-KKMiT. 5. (in J'ass): 
 
 licet: v. TO BK ALLOWED. 
 
 allowable: 1. las (n. indecl.): 
 a. by divine law: if this is a. to be 
 said, si hoc fas est dictu, Cic. : v. law- 
 ful. That ichicii is not a., ngfas - v. 
 
 FORIlIDIiEN, UNLAWFUL. 2, UcitUS : 
 
 a. conversatiim, 1. sermo, Virg.: Ity 
 means a. and not a., per licita atque 
 illicita, I'ac. : v. law fui,, persiissible. 
 
 allowableness : rhr. the a of 
 doing this is obvious, *constat lai esse 
 haec lacere 
 
 allowably : jnrg (abl. of jus) : he 
 might a. have Hlled him, eum Jure po- 
 tuit oc" idere, Cic 
 
 allowance: |. -■icknoitledgment : 
 q. v.: o.nfe.ssio. ||_ permission: 
 
 q. V. III. A stated quantity alio., d : 
 
 licentia, poiesias. 1. demeiisiim (a 
 
 slave's daily allowance of food) : IVr. 
 2. diaria, orum (sc. cibaria: daily 
 a. if food or pay): slaves clamour for 
 their daily a., seni d. poscuni. Mart. : 
 Hor. : of tlie daily a. of tame animals, 
 I'etr. : to quicken the speed ofsoldie,s by 
 a.s, diariis niilitiim celeritateni iiuiLire. 
 Cic. 3. praebita,orum(=denieiisi.m: 
 rare): armual a.s (fif slaves), aimna p.. 
 Suet.: Col. I'hr. ; his moVier keeps 
 him on short a. {of money), ilium mater 
 arete contenteque habet, PI. As. i, i, 64, 
 ■ IV. Indulgence : I'hr.:/ should wish 
 yiiu to make a. for my haste, ignoscas 
 velini fesiinationi meae, Cic. : make a. for 
 your ill-healtli, indulge valetudim iiiae, 
 Cic. : the people does not forgive the poet, 
 but makes a.s for us, vulgus poeue non 
 igno.scit, nobis concedit, Cic. V. ^- 
 lUalion : esp. in phr., to make an a. 
 {from a price) : ex Jiecunia remittere ; 
 lie summa remiitere, Cic. Verr. ?, jj, 82. 
 allowed, it is: 1. Hcet, licun, 
 and licitum est, 2 impers. (with dat. of 
 fierson) : if that is niU a., this at least 
 iiill be, si illud non licet, sjilieni hoc 
 licebit, Ter. : no one is a. I) lead an 
 army against his country, licet neniliii 
 contra patriain ducere exenitum, Cic: 
 this lias the year in u hicJi he was a. by 
 the laws to be made consul. Is erat annus 
 quo per leges ei consuleni fieri liceret, 
 Caes.: also with subj.: you are a. to 
 Jilay, ludas licet, Ter. 2. ccpiicedllur, 
 ccncessum est, j (as impers. with dat. of 
 person): v. to allow (111.3). 3. 
 permlititur, missum est, } (as impers.) ': 
 if it is a. to guess. >l cmijectare per- 
 mlititur, f'lin. : V. TO ALUiw (ill. 4). 
 
 alloy (f): I. Jh mix a Usf 
 
 valuable u-ith a more laluable metal: 
 1. misceo, cui, nii.xtuni, 2 (the ion- 
 text showing ihe exact sense): the 
 triumvir Antony a.'d the denarius with 
 iron, miscuit denarin triumvir .\ntoiiias 
 femun, PUn. j?, 46. 2. perh. tem- 
 
 21
 
 A liLOY 
 
 ALMS 
 
 ALOOF 
 
 pero, I (i. e. to adjust precisehi) : Cic. 
 Off- J. J J, iigi "ses misceri el temperari 
 of the mixture and adjustment of parts 
 in a compound : (cl. allov, subs. II.) : 
 
 V. TO MIX, ADULTERATE. 1|. Fig.: 
 
 to blend an element of evil mth good : 
 1 corrumpo, rupi, rupliini, j : to a. 
 the fame of great achievements, rerum 
 gestarum famain c, Curt. ; v. to tar- 
 JJISH, M AB 2. misceo. 2 (with inverted 
 constr. as compared with the Eng.) joy 
 is a:d uith sorrow, miscentur instia 
 laetis, Ov Phr. : pleasure is a.d with 
 pain, medio de fonts leporum surgit 
 amari aliquid, Lucr. 4, 11 29. 
 
 alloy {suhs.) : I. A 'ess valuable 
 metal mixed ,nth a nwre valuable one: 
 no exact equivalent: Phr.: copper is 
 used as an a. of gold. *aurura aere 
 Cyprio misceri et temperari solet : both 
 silver and gold require a.s. *et aurum et 
 argentumaliismelallisadteraperaturam 
 egent || A mixture of different 
 
 metals : teniperatio : the same bronze, 
 the same allot/, idem aes, eadem tem- 
 peratio, Cic. Acad. 2, 26, 85. P h r. : an 
 ailoyofgold and silver, electrum (ace. 
 to Pliny composed of | gold and i silver) : 
 an alloy of zinc and 'copper (\.e,brass), 
 6richalr-iim (or auriclialcum) : an alloy 
 of copper and tin (i.e. bronze), aes, aeris, 
 n. : an alloi/ of gold and bronze, subaera- 
 tum aurum,"Pers. 5, 106. |||. Evil 
 regarded as a deduction from good: 
 Phr.: joii without alloy, sincerum 
 gaudium, Liv. : pleasure without alhy, 
 sincera voluptas, Ov. : voUiptas liquida 
 puraque, Lucr. : liquida voluptas et li- 
 bera, Cic. : v. TO ALLOY (./in.). 
 
 all-spice: I The tree: *myrtus 
 pimenta, Linn. ||, The ben-y ; *piper 
 Jamaicum. 
 
 allude to : 1. signmco, i (only in 
 explaining the meaning of a reference) : 
 that (he said) uas the uonden wall a.d 
 to by thr. god, eum a deo significan 
 murum ligneum, Nep. : I can see nothing 
 else to which I can imagine you to a. in 
 those irords. aliud nihil haboo quod ex 
 lis a te verbis signiticari putem, Cic. : 
 
 v. TO MEAN, HINT AT. 2. taUgO, 
 
 attiiigo, perstringo, strictim dico, etc. : 
 
 V. TO TOUCH UPON, GLANCE AT. 3. 
 
 desigrio, i (i. e. to aim at some person in 
 what is said) : Caemr saw that Dum- 
 norix was a.d to by this speech, Caesar 
 hac oratione D. designari sentiebat, 
 Caes.: v. to mark out. 4. denOto, 
 I (equivalent to designo) : Liv.: v. to 
 MA UK out. 5. specto, 1 : v to 
 
 EEFER TO. 6. cavillor, I (to a. ban- 
 teringly to) : I a.d to his toga praetexta, 
 togam sum ejus praelextam cavillatus, 
 Cic. 7. jOeor, i (similar to cavillor): 
 that is plain eren to a blind man. says 
 Philip, a.ing in jest to the weakness oj 
 Phaeneas' eyes, adparet id quidem, in- 
 quit I'liilippus, etiam caeco ; jocatus in 
 valetudinera oculorum I'haeneae, Liv. 
 
 allure* 1. allUio, lexi, Ic'Ctum, 
 } • to a. 'youth to knowledge, Juventu- 
 temad cognitionemal.. Quint. : he began 
 to a. by great rewards exiles to himself, 
 cxsules maf;nis praemiis ad se a. coepit, 
 Caes. 2. allecto, i (prop. freq. of pre- 
 cedini') v. TO entice. Join: allect- 
 are et invltare. 3. il'icio. l^-xi, lec- 
 tum ; : to a. any one into deception, ali- 
 queiii in fraudem i., PI. : whom the hope 
 of plunder had a.'d to war, quos ad hel- 
 ium spes rapinarum illexerat. Sail.: a.d 
 by the deceit of the Gauls, Oallorum 
 fraude iUectus, Tac. 4. pellicio, ; : 
 v. TO ENTICE. 5. duco, du\i, ductura, 
 }'(in gen. to had, inftuente : q. v.) : if 
 any one is a.d by the honour of statues 
 orh'igloni. siquis statuarum honore aut 
 gloria ducitur, Cic. 6. iuJuco: v. to 
 
 INDUCE, PREVAIL UPON. 
 
 allurement: 1. blandimentum : 
 nature lierself has produced many a.s 
 for us, multa nobis b. natura ipsa 
 genuit. Cic. 2. blanditla (\ike the 
 former, of that ivhich Jlatlees aiul wins 
 upon the senses) : cmrrupteA by the a.s of 
 m-eaent pleasures, blanditiis praesentium 
 TolupUtum corniptus, Cic. 3. lUece- 
 Z8 
 
 bra (esp. in pi. : v. enticement) : pita- 
 sure is the a. to baseness, volupias est i. 
 tumitudinis, Cic. 4. leuocinium 
 
 (always of meretncious allurements): 
 the a. of desires, 1. cupiditatum, Cic. : v. 
 FASCINATIONS. 5. esca (tig. lit. tai<) : 
 pleasure, the a. to vice, voluptas e. ma- 
 lorum, Cic. 
 
 allurer* allector: Col. 
 
 alluring («'«?•) •■ blandus (of. allure- 
 ment, 1) : a. pleasure, b. voluptas, Cic. : 
 
 V. DELIGHTFUL, TEMPTING. 
 
 alluringly: blandg: to aMress a., 
 b. alloqui, Ter. : Cic. 
 
 allusion: expr. by Phr.: as the 
 
 a (he made) wa.f to Zeno, Zenonem sig- 
 nificabat, Cic. : to make a.s to a painful 
 subject, ulcus tangere, Ter. : v. to al- 
 
 LUDE TO. 
 
 allusive : ^- figurative. 
 
 allusively : v. FiouRATn-ELv 
 
 alluvial: alluvlus: Auct. de limit. 
 
 alluvium : 1. alluvlo : Cic. : (iaius. 
 2 aggesta flumhiibus terra : rlui. 
 
 ally i"-)' !• ^ unite closely: 
 
 socio, I : to a. oneself to another by tlie 
 marriage bond, se alicui vinclo jugali s., 
 Virg. : the whole human race is a.d to- 
 gether, omne genus humanum inter se 
 sociatum est, Cic: Liv.: v. connect, 
 UNITE. II, To form an alliance ivith : 
 
 v. ALLIANCE. 
 
 ally (subs.): sQciiis: they unite the 
 Bnii to themseliKS as a.s, Boios socios 
 siblasciscunt, Caes.: an a. and friend 
 of the Roman people, s.et amicus populi 
 H., Sail. : the Latin a.s, socii Latini no- 
 minis, Liv. Phr.: a law relating to 
 a.s, lex socialis, Cic. : Liv. : the war with 
 the a.s. bellum sociale, Klor. : v. allied. 
 
 almanac : i'»>^t'. orum : v. calendar. 
 
 almightiness : v. omnipotence. 
 
 almighty: omnipOtens, entis: a. 
 fortune, fortmia o., Virg.: a. Jupiter, 
 o. Jupiter, Cat. Phr.: a.JupiUr. 
 rerum omnium praepotens Jupiter, Cic. : 
 God is a., nihil est quod Deus efficere 
 non possit, et quidem sine labore ullo, 
 Cic. N. I). ), J9. 92 ,-, , , A 
 
 almond: 1. amygdala (also used 
 for the tree itself): Plin. 2. amyg- 
 dala nux: Plin. 3. nucleus amyg- 
 dalae: Plin. 4. amygdalum: Ov. 
 P h r. : a. 0(7, amygdalinum Oleum, Plin. : 
 oil of as, *alenon, Pharm. 
 
 ^, bitter: 1. mixamara: 
 
 Cels.: Plin. 2. amygdala amara: 
 
 Plin. Phr.: oil of bitter-a.s, meto- 
 pTon: Plin. 
 
 almond-tree : 1., a'nyef "ii"^;,, '• 
 
 /. : Pall. 2. amygdala : Col. . 1 lin. 
 3. amygdalum (rare): Col. (Virg. 
 appears to "use nux alcae of the almond- 
 tree: G.I, i8t). 
 
 almoner: eieemOsvnarius : Keel, 
 almost: 1. paene (the most^fre- 
 queiit and exact word) : a. a friend, p. 
 amicus, Cic. : not rnily in all states, but 
 a. eren in ench house, there are factions, 
 non solum in omnibus civitatibus sed p. 
 etiam in singulis domibusfactionessunt, 
 Caes. : I had a. said. p. dixi, Cic. : a. to 
 touch with the hand, p. manu Umgere, 
 Ov.: Hor. 2. prOpe airairs being 
 a. desperate, p. desperatis rebus, Cic. : 
 the soldiers hada. gained thetop. milites 
 p. summa ceperani. Sail.: Caes.: v. 
 nearly. 3. propgmodum: /a.a^J-ee 
 with you. p. assentior. Cic. ; a. the same, 
 idem p., Cic. (also propemodo, al.). 4. 
 fere (i. e. near about : used in making 
 loose general statements): he pitched his 
 camp a. directly opposite, f. e regione 
 castra posuit, Caes. : we have said a. 
 enough, satis f. diximus, Cic. E s ]>. to 
 qualify negatives : than whom there was 
 a. no one (i. e. scarcely any one) older, 
 quo erat nemo f. senior, Cic. 6. 
 ferme (i.q. fere) : a. all the same things, 
 f. eadem omnia, Ter. Esp. with nega- 
 tives: a. no (Wi«(i. e. hardly any one) 
 puts up here without loss, nemo f. liuc 
 sine damno devortitur, PI. : Cic. P h r. : 
 he a. met his death at the hands of the ex- 
 iles, baud multum abfuit (nihil propius 
 factum est (luam ut, Cic.) quin al) exuli- 
 bus intcrficeretur, Liv. : v. near, very. 
 alms: 1. stips, Ipis. /. (the nom. 
 
 does not occur): to coUe'st a. (for reli- 
 gious purposes), stipem cogere, vet. leg 
 ap Cic. : who calls the a. of a tlirown 
 copper a benefit t quis beneticium dixi 
 s aeris abjecti ? Sen. : the needy stretch 
 forth their haiuisfor a., egeut«s manum 
 ad 8. porrigunt. Sen. Vit. B. 25 : to ask 
 (or beg for) alms, s. emendicare. Suet. : 
 to beg a. from door to dooi-, a. ostiatim 
 meudicare, Hier. : to live upon a., colla- 
 ticia stipe vivere, Apul. 2 eUemS- 
 syna (Christian ivord) : to give a., elee- 
 mosynas facere, iiugust. 
 
 alms-giver: eleembsynarius : fern. 
 gleemosynaria : Eccl. (or in class, phr. 
 qui or quae stipem dat: v. alms). 
 
 alms-giving: expr. by verb; as. 
 famous for a., *propter eleemosynaa 
 factas Claras (or simp'J'. propter elee- 
 niosynas) : to practise a., *stipem pau- 
 peribus dare solitum esse. 
 
 alms-house: piociiotrophium(jrTiu- 
 XOTpo(f)eioi/) : Imp. Cod. : an a. for the 
 aged : gerontOcomium : Cod. Just. 
 
 aloe : alOg, es,/. (both the plant and 
 the extract from it): Plin.: Cels.: it 
 partakes mm-e <f a.s than of honey, plus 
 aloes quam mellis habet, Liv.: aloe- 
 wood, tarum, Plin. 
 
 aloft («di'-) ■■ 1. sublime (both of mo- 
 tion and of rest): shields fixed a., scuta 
 s. tixa, Cic. : to becarrieda., s. ferri, Cic. : 
 to Jly a., s. volare, Lucr. : Liv. : Virg. 
 2. in sublime (only of motion up- 
 ivards) : sound naturally rises a., sonus 
 natura in s. fertur, Cic: Suet.: Plin. 
 3 per sublime (only of what takes 
 place aloft) : cranes Jlying a., grues per 
 s. volantes, Plin. ^ 4, sublimis, e (a.s 
 adj.: of motion or\est on high): thus 
 having spoken, he departed a., haec 
 locutus, sublimis abiit, Liv. : Xisus ap- 
 pears a. in the pure air, apparet liquido 
 sublimis in aere Nisus, Virg. : Ov. 
 
 alone (adj.) : 1. solus : he a. does 
 
 not fear, s. non timet. Sail.: / a. did it, 
 
 id egomet s. feci, Pi. : he a. out of very 
 
 many slaves, s. ex plurimis servis, PI. : 
 
 Africanus used to say that he icas never 
 
 less solitary than when he was a., Afri- 
 
 ' canus solitus est dicere se nunquam 
 
 ' minus s. esse quam cum s. esset, Cic. 
 
 2. unus (not to be used with ref. to 
 
 solitude): I'ompey a. has more power 
 
 than all the rest, Pompeius plus potest 
 
 unus quam ceteri omnes, Cic: Caes.: 
 
 Virg. I'he two are sometimes joined ; 
 
 as the one thing alone, res una solaque, 
 
 Hor. Ep. I, 6, I. Phr.: to let a.: v. 
 
 TO let. v. also ONLY, UNIQUE. 
 
 alone (adv.) : v. ONLY. 
 
 along: A. I'rep-: 1. secundum 
 
 (with aix.) : the legio^is are marching a. 
 the upper sea, legiones iter s. mare su- 
 perum tadunt, Cic: he led six legions 
 a. the rirer Allier, sex legiones s.flumen 
 Elaver duxil, Caes. 2. praeter (with 
 ace.) : he despatched the Ligurians a. 
 the shore of tlie fltruscan sea to Naples, 
 Ligures p.oram Etrusci maris Neapolira 
 transmisit, Liv. Phr.: to sail close a. 
 (he coast of Italy, navibus oram Itallae 
 legere, Liv. : Suet. : v. also to sail past, 
 pass by. B. Adv.: Esp in such expr. 
 as to drive a., go a., etc; where how- 
 ever it is to be regarded rather as form- 
 ing a compound with the verb : v. TC 
 DRIVE, etc : also in the phr. all a. from 
 the beginning, jam inde (jam usque) a 
 principio, Cic. ; and the like : v. evbb 
 
 SINCE. 
 
 along with: cum: v. with. 
 
 aloof: procul: v. at a distance. 
 Phr.; to stand a. ; i. e. to haite nothing 
 to do with: 1, discedo, cessi,cessum, 
 ? (i. e. to give up what one )ms been en- 
 gaged in) : to stand a. from courts and 
 cases. a judiciis causisque d., Cic. 2. •6- 
 moveo,movi,motum, 2 (with refi.pron.): 
 to stand a. from any one (i. e. to break 
 off intercourse with him), se ab allquo r., 
 Cic. / stood a. from abetting crime, me 
 ministerio sceleris removl, Ov. 3. 
 deiugio, fiigi, fvigitum, ?, i.e. to shrink 
 from : q. v. 4. non attlngo : v. to 
 
 MEDDLE with. Phr.: to stand a. from 
 
 parties, *a studiis partium remotum 
 esse ; neutri parti studere.
 
 A LO PEC Y 
 
 A I- T K R X A T I V E 
 
 A LTOG ETHER 
 
 alopecy (Jailing off of the Itair) : alo- 
 pecia: PI in. 
 
 aloud: clare: they groan a., c. ge- 
 muiit, Cic. : Cues. P h r. : to call a., clara 
 voce vocare, Lucr. : Cic. P h r. : to read 
 a., rgcito ; v. to kkad : to shout a., 
 clamo, e.xclaino ; v. th shout. 
 
 alphabet: 1. Iit«iatura(litt.): the 
 Greek a., \. iimecix, '['dc. Slmi. appears 
 to use this word as we do ' horn-lKiolc :" 
 prima ilia, ut antiqul vocabaiit, lltera- 
 tura, per quam pueris elenienta trad- 
 untur, Kp. 88, i8: conip. Cic. part.-;, 
 26, where it appears to have the s.iine 
 sense. 2. ClCnienta, orum : Ilor. : 
 
 Suet. Sen. : to harn the a., el. disccre 
 prima, Hor. : v. i,etter.s. 3. alpha- 
 betuni Ten. Phr. : to learn the a., 
 literarum noiuina et contextum discere, 
 Quint. 
 
 alphabetical : Vhr.-. we will give 
 an account itf the oilier gems in a. order, 
 reliquas gemmas literaium ordine e.x- 
 plicahimus, Plin. 
 
 alphabetically : P h r. : to arrange 
 a., in literam digerere. Sen. : v. .\li"ii.\- 
 betical. 
 
 alpine : alplnus : Vir^;. : Ov. 
 
 already : j'm : -f /'i»<"<' a. rvhat you 
 Htish to say. scio jam quid vis dicere, 
 PI. : a. in ancient times, jam inde anti- 
 quitus, Liv.: all the embassii's had birn 
 a. settled, omnes Jam legatioiies erant 
 constltutae.Cic. Sometimes doubled tor 
 emphasis; esp. in eager, impassioned 
 language: v. now, presently, also 
 strengthened with nunc ; as, a. I antici- 
 pate irhat will he. Jam nunc mente et co- 
 gltatione prospicio quae Uitura sint, Cic. 
 
 also : 1. etiam : Caesar found 
 out a. that the beginning of the Jtight 
 was caused by Dumnorix, wperlebat 
 e. Caesar initium fugae a Dumnorige 
 factum e.sse, Caes. : Caesar avenged not 
 (mly public but a.privatewrongf, Caesar 
 non solum publicas sed e. privatas in- 
 Jurias ullus est, Caes. 2. quSque : 
 V. too. 3. Item: v. likewise. 4. 
 idem, eadem, Idem (when several qua- 
 lities are attributed to tlie same person 
 or thing) : a must moral and a. most 
 learned man, vir innocentissimus i. que 
 doctisaimus, Cic. : musicians who for- 
 merly tuere piets a., musici qui erant 
 quondam i. poetae, Cic. : v. too. 5. 
 necnon (or as two words nee non) : v. 
 .moreover. 6. et (sometimes used 
 by Cic. as equiv. 10 etiam) : v. too. 
 
 altar: 1. ara to sprinkle the a.s 
 with much blood, aras sanguine multo 
 spargcre, Lucr.: he swore at the a., a. 
 tenens Juravit, Cic. : to build and dedi- 
 cate an a., a. condere atque dicare, Liv. : 
 to fight in defence of one's a.s and 
 hearths, pro aris et focis pugnafc, Cic. : 
 a small a., arula, Cic. 2. allare, is, 
 
 n. (prop, a high altar, but the dis- 
 tinction is not always observed; the 
 sing, does not occur in the best authors) : 
 behold four a .s : two for thee, Daphitis: 
 two, high a .s. for I'hoehus, en quatuor 
 aras: ecce duas tibi, Daphni; duas, 
 altaria, Phoebo, Virg. : driven from the 
 a..?, ab altaribus fugatus, Cic: it is 
 said that Hannibal ivas taken to the a. 
 and ma^le to suear, touching tlie sacri- 
 fee, fama est H. altaribus admotum, 
 tactis sacris, jurejurando adactuni, Liv. 
 
 altar-cloth : * tegumentum arae or 
 altarium. 
 
 altar-piece ; * tabula picta super 
 altiirlbus afli.va. 
 
 alter (''•)•■ A. Trans.: 1. muto, 
 I ( o modify, change partially) : to a. 
 a will, teslamentum m., Cic: to a. 
 mw $ opinOm, sententlam m., Cic. : Tar- 
 quinius dkl not a. the centuries of 
 h-nights at all. nee T. de eciuituiu ceii- 
 turiis quldquam nmtavit, Liv. : v. to 
 chance. 2. immuto, i : to a. the 
 arrangeirunt of words, i. vcrborum 
 ordineiu, Cic. : to a. the ai~rangements of 
 another, aliqiiid de alicujus institutis 
 i., Cic. 3. demuto, t {partially to 
 change : hence clusely com^spoiiding to 
 tlir Kng.): they resolved that nothing 
 thould be a'd in the i7istitulion of the 
 fiatnens, placitum instituto tlaminum 
 
 nihil demutari. Tar. : to a. one's opinion 
 about a matter, sententlam in allqua re 
 d., Gell. : / must a. my style of speecJt, 
 oratio mlhl denmtanda est, PI. — Note. 
 .Vuto must not >)e used for to alter, unless 
 the context shows that only a part, not 
 the whole is changed : thus mutare ves- 
 titum is (') change one's dress altogether, 
 esp. of going into m/juming : to a one's 
 style <;/" dress may Ije expr. by aliquid 
 de vpstitu solito mutare, immularo : v. 
 TO CHANGE Phr.; to a. (a vnll, etc.) 
 by falsifying, corrumpere, vitiare, etc.: 
 v. TO KAi.siFT : tobe verymuch a.'d, i.e. 
 in perswwl appearance, * specie oris 
 vultui|ue multum immutatum esse. B. 
 1 n t ran s. : to undergo change : mutor, 
 imniulor, demutor, used reflectively; 
 as, tiiiu's a. and we a. with them, tem- 
 pora niutantur, et nos m. in illis, Hor. ; 
 v. (A.) and TO change. 
 
 alterable: matabilis: v. change- 
 
 Ai-.Li;. 
 
 alteration: 1. mutatlo: v. 
 CHANGE. 2. inclinatlo : the a.s of 
 afairs in a state, in re publica rerum 
 inclinationes, Cic. . 3. Utura (i. e. 
 an erasure in a document): nor let 
 there be any a. in his decrees, nee ulla 
 in decretis ejus 1. sit. Sen. 4. "'o- 
 mentum (alteration of a balance) : to 
 male no a. in prices, nullum m. annuuae 
 facire, Liv. : v. change. — Note, liut 
 the subs, niaj' very frequently be ren- 
 dered by means of a verb to alter = to 
 make an alteration. I'hus, 7iot to make 
 any a. in a law, nihil de lege aliqua im- 
 mutiire : many a.s are taking plat-efrom 
 tiai/ to ilay. *multa in dies mutanttir .v. 
 ininiutaiitur: v. change (v. ixnd subs.) 
 
 alterative (med. t. t)-. altfirans, 
 aiuis, (?. .• .M. L. 
 
 altercate : altercor, i dep. : V. TO 
 
 WnANOLK. 
 
 altercation: 1. altercatlo: the 
 day »■«.'.■ ivasteilin a., dies cunsumptus 
 est altercatione, Cic. : a great a. arises 
 beticeen me and Velleius on the subject, 
 oritur mihi magna de re al cum Velleio, 
 Cic. 2. jurgium: v. quarrel, wrang- 
 ling. 
 
 alternate (adj.)-. altemus ; a. trees, 
 a. arbiires, I'l. : witha. beamsand stones, 
 a. trabibus ac saxLs, Caes. : oti a. days, 
 a. diebus. Gels. : a. angles, *anguli al- 
 terni. 
 
 alternate (i'): A. Trans.: al- 
 terno, i : drier-wooded trees a. their 
 fruit (i. e. bear fruit every other year), 
 alternant fructus quibus siccius lignum, 
 I'lin. (in same sense intr.: arborum fere 
 omnium fertilitas alteriiat, Plin.): to a. 
 changes, vices a., Ov. 2. vario, i : 
 to a. labour with repose, laborem otio v., 
 Plin. Ep. Phr.: to a. fruit-bearing 
 from year to year, alteniis I'ructibus 
 indui. Col. B. intrans.: 1. al- 
 tenio : V. supr. (A). 2. ('" looser 
 sense) vario, i : v. TO fluctuate ; al- 
 ternatelv. 
 
 alternately : L invicem (also 
 
 separately, in y'\cexx\): fear and arger 
 had a. changed their opinions, timor 
 atque fra i. sententias variaverant, 
 Liv. : with ituiny vicissitudes, a. con- 
 quered and conquerors, multis i. casi- 
 bus victi vjctoresque, Liv. : we used to 
 visit each other a., sinml eramus i., 
 Cic: Virg. 2. per via^s: she a. calls 
 aloud, now Fersi phone ! n<iw daughter ! 
 perque vices modo, I'ersephone ! mudo 
 lilia! clamat, Ov. 3. alteniis (sc. 
 viclbus) : to aijoy eommand a., a. impe- 
 ritare, Liv.: Lucr. 4. viclbus: Quint.: 
 Just. 
 alternation: 1. vicissTtudo : w^ 
 
 a.s of days and nights, dierum nocti- 
 unique vicissitudines, Cic : the a.s of 
 fortunes, v. fortunae, Cic. 2. vicis 
 {gen.: nom. sing, not found), f. : the a.s 
 of question ing oneself and of replying to 
 oneself are usually not unpleasant, et 
 iiiterrogandi se ipsum et respondendi 
 sibl Solent esse non ingratae v.. Quint. : 
 by a., in vicem : v. alternately. 
 
 alternative: 1. discrimen: the 
 matter is reduced to this a., whether he 
 shall suffer punishment, or we be staves. 
 
 res in id d. adducta est, atrum ille po©- 
 nas luat, an nos serviamus, Cic 2. 
 alternala conditio : the a. is, that he 
 either comply with the terms or swear, 
 a. conditio est, ut aul pareat condiiloni 
 autjuret, Ulp. Phr.. it is for you to 
 choose, taJce whicli a. you will, ojnio 
 haec tua est; utram harum vis condl- 
 tionum accipe, PI.: all the oj between 
 victory and death being cut off, omnibus 
 inter victorlam mortemve abniptis, 
 Liv. 21, 44 (>n.). 
 
 although: 1. etsi(l. e. even if; 
 notwithstanding : with the Jndic. when 
 rel'irrjng to an actual fact , with ,Subj. of 
 a mere liypothesis) : a. the Cevennes 
 impeded the marcli with very deep snow, 
 yet, etc., etiii nions Cevenna altlssima 
 nive iter impediebat, tamen, Caes. ; f 
 am glad, a. Ihat>eno reason for being so, 
 gaudeo etsi nihil scio qu(xi gaudeam, PI. : 
 a. you had deprived .Sulla of nothing but 
 the consulship, yet you ought to have 
 been satis lied with that, etsi nihil aliiid 
 SuUae nisi consulatum a'ostullssetis, la- 
 men eo vos contentose.sscoportebat, Cic. 
 2. §tiamsi (same conslr. as etsi, 
 but more emphatic) : a. the truth is not 
 pleasant, yet, etc., Veritas e. juciinda 
 non est, tamen, etc., Cic. : with ymir aid, 
 a. we were fearful, yet we ivould cast 
 awaij all fear, tuis opibus, e. timidl 
 essemus, tamen omnem tiniorem aljice- 
 remus, Cic. 3. licet (only hyi>otlie- 
 tical, and strictly a verb : with .sutg.) ■ a. 
 all dangers may threaten me, yet I will 
 assist (my client) and encounter (them), 
 licet omnia in me pericula impendeant. 
 succinram attjue subiljo, Cic. : life is 
 short, a. it should exceed a thoufund 
 years, vita brevls est, licet supra niille 
 annos exeat. Sen. (v. rr is ALi.r)Wi:D.) 
 4. tametsi or tamenetsi (= not- 
 withstanding ; of actual facis. hence 
 usu. Willi Indie): 1 should not really 
 believe wlmt I am saying, a. I had gene- 
 rally heard it, non mehercule haec qu:ie 
 loquor credereni, tametsi vulgo audie- 
 ram, Cic. : and a. Caesar understood 
 these things, yet he summons the amtKts- 
 saxlors, quae Uimetsi Caesar intellegebat, 
 tamen legates appellat, Caes. 6. 
 
 quanquam (constr. same as preced- 
 ing) : a. he is wicked, q. est scelettus, 
 Ter. : o. you are in haste, the delay is 
 not long, q. festinas, non est mora longa, 
 Hor. : esp. used by a person correcting 
 himself, where it forms a kind of sen- 
 tence in itself: a. (were it so), eren that 
 would give rise to no suspicion of a 
 coalition, q., ne id (luidem suspicioiiem 
 coitionis liabuerit, Cic 6. "t (with 
 subj. : I sp. in sviM^e granting that : q.v.) : 
 but a. it be so, yet you cannot predicate 
 this, verum nt iia sit, t;unen non potes 
 hoc praedicare, Cic. : also without a verb : 
 all these things were done, the patricians 
 a. unwilling, yet not being openly op- 
 posed, liaec omnia ut invitis ita non 
 adversantibus patriciis tran.>-acta, Liv. : 
 they go together to the waters of the 
 Cephisus, a. not yet clear, yd already 
 flowing in their wonted channel, aileimt 
 pariter Cephlsidas uudas, ut nondum 
 iiquidiis, sic Jam vada nola secantes, Ov. 
 7. quum (with subj.) : he says that 
 a. these things are so, yet he will malce 
 peace with them, dicit quum ca ita sint, 
 Uimen sese cum iis pacem facturum, 
 Caes. . Cic. 8. quam vis (prop, how- 
 erer mucli : hence esp. In connection 
 with ailjectives: constr. same as 1, ■!). 
 in war he had p>rformed deeds, a. 
 ruinous to the state yet great, res bello 
 gesserat q. reipublicae calamltosas, atta- 
 men magnas, Cic : did not your anger 
 aliale as you entered our territorits, a. 
 you had come with hostile feel ing .' non 
 tibl q. inleslo animo perveneras, ingrc- 
 dienti fines ira cecidit.' Liv.: a. expec- 
 tation may t>e great, yet you will surpass 
 it, q. sit magna exspectatio, tamen earn 
 vinces, Cic 9. quiid (poet, and ralle^: 
 V. whereas. 
 
 altitude: altitudo: v. height. 
 
 altogether: 1. omnino: either 
 a. or in great part, dvii om. aut magna 
 pane, Cic : they tliought that their flight 
 
 »'
 
 ALUM 
 
 AMBIGUOUS 
 
 night emain a. imK-noum, siiam fugam 
 om. igiioian exisiimahaiit, Caes. .- oar 
 men ui,ea. tntxperienctd in tins kind 
 of Jiyhting, iiostti liiijus om. generis 
 pugiiae iiiiperitierant.Cafs. : Hur. 2 
 firorsus v. absolutely (11). 3' 
 plane to be a. destitute of commm 
 gnod-Jeelmg, communi sensu p. carere 
 
 Uor. . V. yuiTE, IN ALL, JiKTrRELV,' 
 CTTF.RLV. ' 
 
 alnin: alumen; Plin. : Cels.: full 
 o/a., aluminosus: I'lin. : cmitaining a. 
 in solution, aluminatus : a. water, aqua 
 alumitiata, I'lin. 
 
 alumina: 'alumina: M. L. 
 ^aluminum: *aluminum: M. L.- 
 aliiminium : M. L. 
 
 alveolar : *alveolaris, e : M. L. 
 
 alveolus : *aive6ius ; M. L. 
 
 alvine : alvi, /. (gen. of alvus, the 
 bowels); *alvinus. 
 
 alw.ays : |. Perpetually -. whether 
 In strictly philosophic sense, or collo- 
 quially : semper • luhat a. moves u 
 eternal, quod s. niovefjr aetemum est, 
 Cic ■ nor does Apollo a. baid the bow, 
 neque s. arcuni tcndit Apollo, Hor. : of 
 that which is ngularli/ d'me at stated 
 times: couiitri/.folks always harrow 
 before they hoe. s. occant priiisquam 
 sarriunt rustici, Plin. : la. shudder when 
 I liegin to knock at this door, horresco s. 
 ubi puliare hasce occipio fores, Ter. 
 Ph r. : he was almost a. in the country, 
 ruri fere se continebat, 'Per. : ivhen the 
 sky wa.v stormy, he a. wore a laurel 
 wreath im his head, turbatiore coelo 
 nuni|Matn iion coronam lauream c;ipite 
 gestavii. Suet. lib. 69 : v. constantly, 
 PERPETUALLY. ||. Without exception. : 
 this sense occurs chiefly with superla- 
 tives; when ii may be e.\pr. by quisque- 
 the best .-pea',ers are a. the rriost alive to 
 the dilheulty of speaking, ut quisque 
 optime (licit, ita maxiine dicendi difli- 
 cultatem limet, Cic. : the newest things 
 are a. the most correct and free from 
 faults, recentissima qiiaequesunt cor- 
 recta et emendata ma.xime, Cic. 
 
 amadou: I. The plant: *boletus 
 Igniarius : Linn. ||. The substance 
 prepared from it : agaricuni : I'lin. 
 amain: per vires: v. f(ircibly. 
 amalgam : amalgama, atis, n. : M. L. 
 amalgamate : I. To mix mercun/ 
 with another metal : *argentura vivum 
 cum alio nietallo miscere. ||, To mix, 
 unite, combine: q.v.: misceo." 
 
 amalgamation: |. The mixing 
 ofnurcury with another metal: amal- 
 gamatio: M. L. ||. Union, combina- 
 tion, mixture: q.v.: mixilo. 
 
 amanuensis: 1. librarius: the 
 
 letter is in the handivriting of an a., 
 epistola librarii manu est, Cic. 2 ad 
 manum, a manu (scrvus) : a slave whom 
 he employi'd as a., quem servum ille 
 habuit ad m., Cic: l'hila>'mon, a. to 
 Tiberius, Ph. a manu servus (ril>erii). 
 Suet. 3. amam'iensis, is : Suet. 
 
 amaranth: amarantus, l, m. : Plin. 
 
 amass : acervo, cflacervo, ciimiilo, i : 
 v. TO HEAP UP, ACCUMULATE. 
 
 amateur (.of the fne arts): *artium 
 amator, liberalium artiiim studiosus: to 
 be an am., *rebus artificiosis se delec- 
 tare. 
 
 amatory : amatorlus : a. poetry, 
 poesis am., Cic. : an a. potion, am. virus 
 Plin. 
 
 amaurosis : 1. amaurosis (ifiav- 
 pto^ii), eos, f. : M. L. 2. gutta sgrena : 
 M.L. ( P.) 
 
 amaze : obstupefacio, ; : he a.d the 
 enemy by a very miracle of bravery, 
 ipso miraculo audaciae obstupefecit 
 hostes, l>iv. : Per.: v. to astonish. 
 
 amazed (adj.) 1. stupsdus: i 
 
 stand a., deprived of sense, stupida sine 
 aiiimo asto, PI. : a., they became silent 
 with fear, stupidi timore obnnuuerunt, 
 Aiict Her. 2. stupglactus : wliat 
 speaker is it that men gaze upon a.f 
 quem stupefacii dicentem intuentur.' 
 Cic. a. at such strength, s. tanto robore, 
 Luciin. 
 
 , to be : 1. stupeo, ui, 
 
 2 : which I being a., goMed upon, quae 
 30 
 
 AMBUSH 
 
 intuebar stupens, Clc. : with an ace. ■ 
 some are a. at the fatal gift, pars s. 
 donnm exliiale, Virg. 2. obstupesco, 
 stupui, J : V. aghast, v. also to be 
 astonished. 
 amazedly : expr. by adj.- v. amazed. 
 
 To look a. at, stupeo, 2 : v. to be amazed. 
 
 amazement: stupor: a. possesses 
 the minds of all, s. onmiumanimos tenet, 
 Liv. : (,;ic. : v. astonishment. 
 
 amazing: minis: admirabilis: v. 
 
 ASTONISHING. 
 
 amazingly: admirablllter : v. as- 
 tonishingly. 
 
 amazon : \. As a proper name : 
 ^ 1. Amazon, 5nis, /. : Virg. 2 
 Amazonis. idis,/. ; Virg.. Prop. ll' 
 A masculine uoman : virago, inis f '■ 
 Virg.: Ov. 
 
 amazonian : 1. amazQnius : 
 
 Hor.: Ov. 2. amazonicus: Suet.- 
 Plin. 
 
 ambassador: 1. legatus: to send 
 
 a.s to declare war, legat<js ad indicen- 
 dum bellum mittere, Liv. : the rights of 
 a.s, jus legifctorum, Caes.: Cic: Hor. 
 2. Orator (prop, a speaker) : I'abri- 
 cius, sent as a. to Pynhus about Vie 
 pnsomrs, Fabricius ad Pyrrhura de cap- 
 tivis missus orator, Cic: Liv. Phr. : 
 they sent an honourable man as a. to 
 Apronius, homineni lionestum legarunt 
 ad Apronium,Cic : to carry instructions 
 in the character of an a., (yet not 
 formally an a.), oratoris modo (ad ali- 
 quem) mandata perlene, Caes. Or expr. 
 by oratoris s. legati loco: of. orator 
 
 ambassadress : oratrix, tncis : Cic. 
 calls the .Sabine women oratrices pads 
 et loederis,deliep. 2,8: where however 
 the word is perhaps, rathw used in the 
 sense o\ pleaders for. 
 
 amber {subs.) : 1. suclnum (succ.) 
 they pick up a. in the shallow-water and 
 on the shore, s. inter vada atque in ipso 
 litore legunt, Tac: Plin.: this was the 
 proper Latin name (arboris suciim prisci 
 nostri credidere, ob id sucinum appel- 
 laiites Plin. J7, 2, II): but L;itin writers 
 use also, 2. electrum (^Aticrpoi/) : 
 Him. : m pi. of a.-beads, Ov. Met. 2 
 
 amber (a/lj.) .■ 1 siuineus : razors 
 with a. hamUfS, s. novaculae, Plin. 
 
 2. sucinus: an a. drop, s. giitta, 
 Mart.: a. bulls, sucina, orura: Mart. 
 
 3. electris, idis: a. islands (i.e. 
 yielding a.) ,e. insiUae, Plin, 
 
 ambergris : i- e. grey amber, as dis- 
 tinguished trom amber proper (brown or 
 yelloi): •ambra, ambrum (prob. de- 
 rived from ambrosia, from its fra- 
 grance): applied by medieval writers 
 both to amber and to amljeryris : v. Du 
 Gauge, s. v.. *ambra grisea: M. L. 
 ( Palmer). 
 
 ambidexter: \ \. Using both 
 ambidextrous : ( hands with equal 
 
 facility : aequimaiius, a, um : Auson 
 
 II. l)oubU-dealiiig, deceitjul : q. v. 
 
 ambient: circumtusus: thea.air,c. 
 
 aer, Ov. 
 
 ambiguity: 1. ambigilltas: the 
 a. ql a name, a. nomiiiis. Cic. : to explain 
 an a., a. solvere, yuiiit. : to fall into a., 
 in a. incidere. Sen.: Liv. 2. amphi- 
 bolia: the a which deceived Croesus, \l\n 
 a. quaeCroesiimcepit, Clc: Quint. (The 
 latter word is esp. used of rhetorical 
 ambiguities.) 3. ambages, is, f. 
 
 (used only in abl. sing. ; pi. complete) : 
 the senate are at a loss to understand 
 the a.s of the obscure oracle, obscurae 
 sortis patres anibagibus errant, Ov. : to 
 speak without a., positis a. loqni, Ov. 
 
 ambiguous : 1. ambigiius : a. 
 
 icords, verba a., Cic. : a. oracles, oracula 
 a., Cic. 2. mgdius (i. e. lying between 
 two acceptations) : an a. ansner, re- 
 sponsum m., Liv. : a. words, vocabula 
 m. et commimia, Gell. 12, 9. 3 
 anceps, cipitis : o. iiords, vocabula an- 
 cipitia. Gell. 1. c 4. perplexus (i e. 
 entangled, and so eluding comprehen- 
 sion) : an answer a. with I'urdc crafti- 
 ness, p. Piinico astu responsum, Liv. 
 5. fiexildquus (v. rare): a. and 
 
 dark oracles, oracu'a fl. et obscura, Clc. 
 
 V. DOUBTKUL. 
 
 ambiguously: 1. ambigug; «o 
 
 speak a., a. loqui, Cic. : a word a. placed, 
 verbum a. positiim, Cic. 2. per am- 
 bages: to predict anyone's end a., alicui 
 per a. exitium canere, Tac: Liv. 
 ambit: amutus, us.- v. cibcum- 
 
 FERENCE. 
 
 ambition : 1. ambltlo : to tie the 
 
 victim of imetcheda., misera.i. laimrare, 
 
 Hor. : to be a stranger to all a., ab omni 
 
 a^ reniutum esse, Cic; solutum esse, 
 
 Hor.. to be the slave of a., ambitione 
 
 teneri, Cic. : a certain 'a. hd me to the 
 
 pursuit of honours, me a. quaedam ad 
 
 honorum studium diixit, Cic. : although 
 
 a. itself may be a vice, yet it is of tenths 
 
 cause of virtues, licet ipsa vitium sit a., 
 
 tamen frequenter causa virtutum est. 
 
 Quint. : a wrong a., prava a.. Sail. 2. 
 
 gloria : a. drags men bound to her 
 
 glittering car, consirictos g. trahit Inl- 
 
 gente curru, Hor. . a. of keeping a good 
 
 table, (magnae) g. mensiie, Lucan : the a. 
 
 of producing honey, geiierandi g. mellis, 
 
 Virg. and esp. in certain phr. a>, to be 
 
 led by a., gloria duci, Cic; g. expetere, 
 
 Sequi, Cic. : he was sualloued up In/ a., 
 
 hunc absorbuit aestus gloriae, Cic ; v. 
 
 GLOKY. Phr. : blirul a., honorum caeca 
 
 ciipido, Lucr. : tee are all injluei,eed by 
 
 a., trahimur omnes laudis studio, Cic. : 
 
 headlong and hazardous a., ciipiditas 
 
 doininandi praeceps et lubrica, Cic. : 
 
 induced by the a. of being a king, regia 
 
 ciipiditate inductus, Caes.: in/lamed 
 
 with nicked a., nialae domiiiationis 
 
 cupidinibus flagrans, Tac. 
 
 ambitious: I. Eager for pmise, 
 power, glory, etc. : laudis, gloriae, Ijouo- 
 rum, potentiae cupidus, appeteiis, avi- 
 dus : as, you (Caesar) luill not dem^ thai 
 you are very a. of glory, gloriae te esse 
 avidissimum non negabis, Cic. : v. de- 
 sirous OF, EAGER. — Note. The a^j. 
 ambitiosus is rarely, if ever, u.-ed in 
 precisely the sense of the Eng. word; 
 
 denoting rather the character of one who 
 obsequiously cow ts (public) favour. So 
 Cic appears always to employ it : thus, 
 homo mmime ambitiosus (Fam. u, i, 
 ./'«.). is a man who is not at all ofl'en- 
 sivtly obseifuious. Phr. : to be a., glo- 
 riam petere, exsequi ; ambitionc teneri. 
 captum teneri, laborare, etc : to be not 
 at all a., omni ambitioneremotum esse, 
 Cic: v. AMBITION: to be extremeli/ a. 
 of pouer, potentiam concupiscere, Cic: 
 those who are unscrupulously a., qui 
 omnia recta et honesta negligunt, dum- 
 niodo potentiam consequantur, Cic. Off. 
 J. 2'. 82. II. I'retentious, ostenta- 
 
 tious : ambitiosus : an a. death, a. mors, 
 I'ac. : to lop off a. ornaments, a. orna- 
 menta recidere, Hor. 
 
 ambitiously: expr. by phr. as, 
 to do anything a., laudis cupidiiate, 
 gloria ductus, aliqui<i facere : v. ambi- 
 tion. — Note. The adv. ambitiose ap- 
 pears never to !« used = ambitiousli/ : 
 ambitiose petere regnum, i.- to aim at 
 kingly pouer by couiting popular fa- 
 vour (Liv. I, i5): and Cic uses the 
 word similarly. 
 
 amble (> •) : ie. to trot gently, *16niter 
 ac tolutim ire : v. to trot. 
 
 amble (subs.): 1 ambuiatura: 
 
 Veg. 2. mollis alterno crurum e.\- 
 pUcatu glomeraiio : I'lin. 3. * Ignis 
 giadus ac toliitiiis : v. trot. 
 
 ambler : 1. eiimis gradarius : 
 
 Lucil. in .\on. 2. ihieidoiirs or as- 
 
 turcones (Spanish words , . amblers, i. e. 
 horses whose natuial p.ice is an amble, 
 Plin. 
 amblingly: *leniterac toluilm. 
 ambrosia : ambr6sia Cic. : Ov. 
 ambrosial : ambroslus : \irg. : Mart, 
 ambulatory: ambulaiorius an a. 
 portico (i. e..for walking in), a. porticus, 
 
 Ulp. : V. .MOVEABLE. 
 
 ambuscade : v. ambush. 
 
 ambush : eithei- of the place in which 
 troops, itc. are concealed, or of the nun : 
 Insidiae, arum : to station sold-ie^s in a., 
 milites ininsidiiscollocare, Caes.: logo 
 into an a., insidias intrare. Caea. : ht
 
 AMELIORATK 
 
 \ M O N G 
 
 A M O I' R 
 
 VOLS J'eai fal of am a., insidias veritus est, 
 Caes CUxiiui placd an a. tor Mtlu, 
 ClijJius Miloni Ins coUoGivil, Cic. : to 
 laij an a. for atiuohe's life (tig.). Ins. 
 vjtae allcujus lacere, poriere, opponere, 
 faci-re, parare, instruere, Co. : to lead into 
 an a., in ins. inducere, Nep. ; di«lucere, 
 Justin : tu surtoutui and cut off ani/one 
 by an a., ali<iucni tnsidiiscircuniventum 
 occidere, Nep.: to attack anyont I rum 
 an a., aliquem t-.\ ins. invadere. Sail. 
 
 , to lie ia: insidior, i (with 
 
 dot.) : Caes. : Hirt. Fig.: how long did 
 you, Catiline, lie in a. forme/ quani 
 diu niilii, Catilina, insldlatus es? Cic. : 
 
 V. also AMBUSH. 
 
 ameliorate ( meiiorem or menus 
 amelioration < facC-re : v. to im- 
 
 Htui K, I.MI-WjV K.MKNT. 
 
 amen : amen : Eccl. If used In non- 
 Eccl. sense, I iai, esto : v. kiat, iik it .so. 
 
 amenable: I. obedient, mmiiU- 
 
 ant : ubedieiis, entis : to render appetite 
 a. to reason, appetilura rationi ob. prae 
 here, Cic. : v. obedient, yielding. ||, 
 Owing obedience to, retponsibU, account- 
 able to ; q.v. P h r. : they are a. to the 
 laws, legibus obstricti sunt, Cic. In v. ?, 
 4;, IJ2 : he is not a. to the laws, on 
 account, I suppose, of his extraordinary 
 dignity, leges eiiin non tencnt, propter 
 eximiam, credo, dignitatem. Cic. I'liil. 11, 
 
 5, II : V. 10 BIND, BE BOUND. 
 
 amend: A. Trans.: |. To free 
 from error, correct: 1. corrigo, rexl, 
 rectum, j : it is easier to blame what is 
 poil than to a. it, praeterita magis re- 
 prehendi possunt quam corrigl, LIv. : to 
 a. a speeih, orationem c, Cic. : to a. tlve 
 morals of a community, mores civitatis 
 c, Cic. 2. eniendo, i : to a. a law, 
 legem e., Sntt. : to a. a vicious custom, 
 consuetudinem viiiosam e., Cic. : to a. 
 the oices of youth, vitia adolescentiae e., 
 Nep.: V.CO CORRECT, IMl'ROVE. B. 
 
 In trans.: v. to mend, improve. 
 amender : corrector: emendator: 
 
 V. (.ORBECTOR, IMPROVER. 
 
 amendment: I. coi-rection, im- 
 prorement : q. V. : C(jrrectio : emeiid- 
 atlo. II, A secmidary 1 esolution pro- 
 postd at a met:ting .- no exact word : 
 sententia. being the term applied to 
 any jormal ysolalion : thus, he had 
 said he I'onld eoU- for T. Xero's a., 
 pedibus in sintentiani Ti. Neronis itu- 
 rum se dixeral, .Sail Cat. ;o, fin. 1' h r. : 
 some voted with the pioposer of the a., 
 quiilaiii liunc qui post ipsos censuerat, 
 sequebaiitiir, Plln. ep. 2, 11, 21. — (Note. 
 Censeo ig the foimal word lor enunci- 
 ating any proposal.) 
 
 amends : compensatio : satisfactio : 
 
 V. COMPENSATION, S.4TISK ACTION. 
 
 , to make : 1. expio, i : 
 
 to mahe a. for the unonys of the amtms- 
 sadors, legiiloruni injurias ex., Liv. ; to 
 make a. for a d<fasti:r, inconiniodum 
 ex., Caes. 2. sailsfacjo, feci, factum, 
 } : to make a. to the Aedui for their 
 wnmgs, Aeduisile injuriiss., Caes. 3. 
 penso, compenso : v. to compensate : 
 
 V. also TO ATONE FOR. 
 
 amenity : amoenitas : V. AGREE- 
 
 ABLENF..S.S. 
 
 amerce: niuito, i-: v. to fine. 
 
 amercement: muita v. fine. 
 
 amethyst : araetljyslus, 1, /. .• Plln. 
 
 amethystine : ametliysiinus : .Juv. : 
 Mart. 
 
 amiability: ( 1. suavitas: wAowi 
 
 amiableness : * "* owjht all to lore 
 en account if his remarkable a, quem 
 omnesamare pro ejus eximias. del)emus, 
 Cic. : V. acreeableness. 2. amabl- 
 Utas: Plant. 
 
 amiable : 1. amabllls, e : / feel 
 Mtsured tluit your little daughter is a. 
 filiolam tnam a. esse certo scio. Cic. 
 2, suavis, e: an a. man, s. homo, 
 Ter. : a. men. s. homines, Cic. P h r. : 
 he was a. then, erat turn dignus amari 
 (= qui ametur), Virg. : v. agreeable. 
 
 amiably: 1. suavUer: as you in 
 the most friendly manner, and nuist a. 
 dfsire, sicut tu amicissime et suavis- 
 sime optas, Cic. 2. amabiliter : v. 
 ■lOVISGI-V, affectionateli. 
 
 amicable : l-e. friendly; esp. with 
 relerenct' to those who have bet-n mgagrd 
 in hostilities: pacatus : nnr did Uiey 
 receive any very friemUy or a. reply, 
 nee huspltale quicquani pacatunive satis 
 audltiim, Llv. : language of too a. a 
 kind (for courts of law), oralio pacatlor, 
 Cic. : fig. mariners Jly across the a. 
 sea, p. volltant per mare navltae, Hor. : 
 
 v. FRIKNIiI-V, KIND. 
 
 amicably : pacate : Petr. (v. AMi- 
 
 CAISI.K) v. also KINDLV, FRIENDLY. 
 
 amice: amictus, (is: Keel. 
 
 amid : ( inter (with ace.) : to be a. 
 
 amidst : ^ the weapons of enemUs, 
 intir til.i hi'stiuin versari, Cic: v. 
 AMi>N(,.--r, IN the midst of. 
 
 amidships : media navl : V. MIDULE. 
 
 amiss: ["'qieiani, prave, etc.: v. 
 badi.v, WRi)N<iLi. Phr. : to taJce a., 
 aliqiiidiniquo iUiiiiioferre,molesteferre; 
 aliciuid baud sine offensione acclpere, 
 Cic : (( i.s a consolation to retnember tliat 
 although things hare turned out a., yet 
 you hadfoi-nuul conett and sound opin- 
 ions, consolatio est quum recordare, 
 etlanisi secus acclderit, te tanien recte 
 vereque sensisse, Cic. : nothing comes a. 
 to me. *omnibus me acconimodo rebus; 
 cf. inihi res iioii nu- rebus subjungere 
 Conor, Hor. 
 
 amity : amicltia : V. PEACE, FRIEND- 
 SHIP. 
 
 ammochryse : ammochrysus, i, m. : 
 
 Plin. 
 
 ammodyte: ammodjtcs, ae, m.: 
 Plin. 
 
 ammonia : ammonlaca, M. T.,. 
 
 ammoniac (a yum): aminoiilacum : 
 Plin. 
 
 ammoniacal : amrnoniacus II. L.: 
 an a. salt, sal a. • a. soap, sapo a. 
 
 ammonite (fi fossil) : ammonis 
 coniu : Plin. 
 
 ammonium : ammonium : M. ^J. 
 
 amjnunition : formerly u.^ed of mili- 
 tary stores generally (belli apparatus, 
 instrumenta) ; now used almost exclu- 
 sively ot stores for serving fire-arms : 
 •piilveris (nitrosi) el misailluni (iKim- 
 bardicorum) copia : v. gunpowder, shot. 
 
 amnesty : 1. obiivio (= Gr. 
 o/arrjo-Tia) : usu. in comblnaiion with 
 some other word or words : as, he sanc- 
 tioned ami carried into effect an a. for 
 all that had been done and said during 
 those tw days, omnium facH)rum dic- 
 torunique in eo biduo veniam et ob. 
 inperpetuum sanxit acpraestitit, Suet.: 
 he proposed a law that no one should be 
 accusal or punished firr what icas past ; 
 ami they called tliat an a., legem tullt 
 ne quis ante acUirum rerum .iccusaretur 
 neve ranltarttur ; eamque ill! (legem) 
 oblivionis appfUarunt, Nep. 2. ab5- 
 litio : o tyrard, who had laid douti his 
 power under an a., tyrannus qui sub 
 pacto abolitionis dominationem depos- 
 uerat, yuiiit. (the word is perhaps so 
 used also in Suet. lib. 4). 3. ainnestia 
 (to which Cic. appears to refer in Phil. 
 I, I : Graecuin verbum usurpavi . . . . 
 atque omnium discordiaruni immoriam 
 oblivione sempltenia deleiidam censui) : 
 Vop. .Aur. 
 
 amomum: amomum: Virg.: Plin. 
 
 among: I. Amiilst: inter (with 
 ace.) : may I wander naked a. lions, 
 utiiiam inter erreni nuda leunes, Hor. : 
 we are conversing a. ourselirs (i. e. conf ■ 
 dentially), inter nos colloquimur, Cic. 
 II. Less preciselj': in the country or 
 society of : 1. apfid (with ace): a. 
 our amntrymen justice is cultiraiai. ap. 
 nostros justitia culla est, Cic. : that 
 {taxation) nas eveti nm-se borne among 
 the Germans, id apud G^rmanos difficl- 
 lius tolerabatur, Tac : a. the Helvetii 
 tlie richest man was Orgetorix, apud 
 Hilveiios ditissimus fuit Orgetori.\, 
 Caes. 2. ad (with ace.) : there was 
 no more spirit a. the enemy, non plus 
 animorum ad hostes erat, Liv. : a name 
 scwrei^l and inviolate a. all nations, 
 nonien ad (al. apud) omnes natlones 
 .sanctum Invjolaiunique. Caes.: to re- 
 main a. tilt shades, ad umbras manere. 
 Sen. I'rag. 3. per (with ace.) : a 
 
 family celebrated even a. those na- 
 tions, iamllia |>er illas quoqiie gente« 
 celebrata, lac: Suel. 4. circum 
 
 (with ace.: rare): she, in her rage, niU 
 defame you a. all the oUier manlens. te 
 circum omnes alias irata puellas dif- 
 ferel. Prop. |||. Implying the in- 
 cluding of a part in a whole : 1. In 
 (with abl.) : almost all Uie centuriuns 
 were wounded, a. Ihem lite cliief cen- 
 turion, omnes ferfe centuriones vuliier- 
 atl sunt, in bis primipilus, Caes. : pain 
 it reckoned a. the greatest evils, dolor 
 in maxinils iiialis ducitur, Cic. 2. 
 inter (with ace.) : Cioesus the richest a. 
 kings. C. Inter regis opulentis-simus. 
 Sen. : a battle memorable a. liie few 
 disasters of tlie R. people, pugna inter 
 paucas memor.ita populi U. clades, Liv. 
 3. ex (with abl.) : Solon, the oidy 
 legislator a. tlie seven, S. leguin scriptor 
 solus ex septeni, Cic : the gladiaUnt 
 who were a. Hlaesus's staff of servants, 
 gladlatores qui e servitio Blaesi erant, 
 Tac. : V. OF. |V. Implying distri- 
 
 bution: 1. inter: / nitl divnle the 
 booty a. the partners, inter parlicipes 
 praedam dividam, PI. : to distribute the 
 tasks a. the maidens, pensa Inter virgines 
 I panlrl. Just. 2. '" (with ace): to 
 I distribute tlie soldiers a. the legions, 
 milites in legiones distribuere, Caes. : 
 to divide Uie whole army a. the statts, 
 exercitnm omneiii in civitates divldere, 
 Liv. : he shares Uie game a. all his mm- 
 panions, praedam socios partitur in 
 omnes, Virg. 3. per (with ace): to 
 ap[x>rtion-tlie lands a. the veteians, agros 
 per veteranos divldere. Suet. : Ov. 4. 
 It may sometimes be expr. by dot.: 
 as, to distribute Vte wine among one's 
 comrades, divldere vIna soclis, Virg. 
 (chiefly poet.). 
 
 amorous : I. I'rone to sexual 
 
 love ■ 1. libidinosiis : Cic : Hor. 2. 
 mfiligrosiis (of men : v. rare) : Cic 3. 
 virosus (of women) : Lucil. : Apul. 
 II, In I'lve, enamoured : q.v.: ainaiis: 
 amore ciiptus. |||. Fertaininy to love : 
 aniatorius: a. pleasure, dtn. vuliiptas.Cic 
 
 amorously : amatorie : to •• rite a., 
 am. scribern, Cic. Phr.: all » ill look 
 a. at />a»ia/i'.v, omnes ill Daiiialiui putres 
 deponent oculos. Hor. 
 
 amorousness : 1. iH'ido, inis, /. 
 
 (always in bad .-ense) : Cic: Sail. 2. 
 niulierositas (v. rare ; and of men) : Cic 
 
 amorphous : Inlormls.e : an a lump 
 qfjie.-'li, int. caro, Plin.: v. shapeless. 
 
 amortization : '• e. alienation of 
 land in mortmain : *amortizatio or ad- 
 mortizatio ('' praedioruni translatio in 
 manum niorluam," Du Cange) : to per- 
 form an cut of a. on an estate, praedium 
 amortizare (adm.), v. I)u C. s. v. 
 
 amortize, to: *araortizare (adm.); 
 in manum mortuam transferre : v. 
 amortization. 
 
 amount to (i-): 1. efficio, feci, 
 tectum, J (withocc): this doe* not a 
 to enough for the montii ly interest, nee 
 Id satis eftieit in iisuram menstruam, Cie. 
 2. esse : the total of them all a.'d to 
 j63,ooo, summa omnium fuerunt ad 
 millia cccLXViii, Caes.; those who giit 
 the highest 7)uinbers state that his in- 
 fantry a.'d to ioo,coo, his cavalry to 
 20,000, qui plurimum. centum millia 
 pediium, viginii equitum fuisse serib- 
 unt, Liv.: v. also To cost. Phr.: to 
 ascertain ivhat the balaiwe a.s to, videre 
 quae reliqiii summa fiat, Cic. Fig.: 
 my argument a.s tu this, haec est sum- 
 ma conclusionis nieae, Cic : Ute litlU 
 that he said a.'d to this, tliat I would for- 
 give him, ille [lerpauca locutus, banc 
 summain babul t oralionis, ut sibi igno- 
 scerein.Cic: all these wonls nuiv a. in 
 short to Wii,*. omnia haec nunc verba hue 
 redeimt denique, Ter. : it a.s to the 
 same thing, so far oi the stats is con- 
 cerned, uhrtlier the colony is found' d or 
 not. nihil Interest reipublicae coluiila 
 deducatur necne, Cic. 
 
 amount (subs.) : finis, is, m. (only in 
 legal writers): t/te a. of the piive, I. 
 pretii. I'apiu. : v. SCM. 
 
 amour : 1. amatio , there is m 
 
 n
 
 AMFELIT E 
 
 ANALOGY 
 
 ANCESTOR 
 
 o. in this play, neque in hac tabula I 
 nlla a est PI. 2. am*"". °™- "- ^^ 
 
 ^^ori operam dare. ler. : anwurs. 
 anwres et b^e deliciae quae voainiur. 
 
 ^amSiite {a mineral): ampSUtis. 
 idis,/. : Hlin. 
 
 ^ve^^es! Cic: auLalia quibus aP^uam 
 teriamque incolendi gemma natura eM 
 T\or.: frogs are a. aaimals.r^rnm et 
 to terri rt in humore vila, Pin As 
 sclent, t. the class of a. aniniaU, am 
 
 ^'SpSogy: ampb«: Clc 
 "amSach-. amphibrachys, yos, 
 "aiSiinacer:amphimacrus. !,«..: 
 "^ampMsbena (a serpent): amphis- 
 ''ImpM^ne'a/ossa): amphlt^ng 
 ''anipSitiieatre: amphithgatrum 
 ""'amphitiieatral: ampbitbeatraiis. 
 ''•aSitlSrical: am^itu^atn- 
 
 '"'aufphora- amphOra: Cato : Hor 
 
 m^usetamplus: v. spaciods, M. 
 
 S BufficiJnt: amplus: vaj^./or. 
 
 tunes, amplisslmae fortunae, Cic. a 
 
 S^ a. Viliae, Hor : very «-;^a»-. 
 
 niLfts amnllssimae epulae. Caes. r u r. . 
 
 &r7L<,htthat there JOS a ^''Xl 
 
 for punishing hvn. Ca<^^'^^^ ,'' '^^'f. 
 
 •causae arbitrabatur quare in eum an 
 madvert^ret, Caes. : v. abundant. Ill 
 F,ai, complete: 1. »-. «« «• 
 
 statement. 1. expos t,o /i" "'; 2- 
 copiosus: an a. stock o/ umds c. 
 verborum supellex, yuint.: Cic v. 
 
 '^ampieness: amplitfldo, magnitiido 
 
 e.rbfp°aro^i;b:I^:T;i;;.^« 
 
 aueere (Not ampliticatio, which de- 
 notes ihe «.a3m/^i"3 and ticighternng 
 
 "'amSer- qui dilat^t ; qui de aliqua 
 r,.^Sb?rms^disputar. et fuslus: v. to 
 
 dilate I • ".''It »s «'"'« "'^ ^y "'' ^i! 
 
 /; »VcOTui«isea, quae dilatantur a nobis, 
 '^oX'p'^emeblt. Cic : to a a« «,-,«. 
 
 r^ST:LlN0T.'Amp«--ap: 
 oea^^v^r to mean .imi^ly to expand 
 Kae but rather to magwfy, exalt ^ 
 ^Mect qv.). Phr.: to a. a subject. 
 « u&rlus disput.reet fuslus; de 
 aliqua re coplose dicere Cic. 
 
 amplitude: amphtudo: v. iabge 
 
 "Imply, ample: abunde: v. abUND- 
 *^J"" tatP- 1 ampiito, t : Kmbs 
 
 f^: bod,-. menW ampuumtur si nocen 
 reliquispartibus corporis C'c-- *««■ '^'' 
 hawis. manus am.. Suet. : Sen ^. 
 
 5^0 fii ctum, i; »•« .««#<)• ixirte of We 
 t2Tn^ cauterized or a.d, m corpore 
 aliquidmi secarique Pat-mu;- ^'C- ■ J^ 
 
 PUn. P h r. : to perform the a. of a lifl, 
 .cJus amputare : t/-e a. of the n^ns hand 
 saved h^ life, *manu ampn aU. ^>ta 
 homini servat-a est: to "''"^ ^^ J-,,,^™^ 
 pnt^ndo sanare : parts «"« »■ .^(jj^^^ f, 
 iiiUngeroujs. membra quae poncUUntur 
 eecari Plin.: v. to amputatk. 
 
 „».r.lAf' 1 amiiletum: Plin. 
 
 *2 phy"iacterium: Marc. Emp. 
 
 /Wfi/re aliorum otium d., rim. «. 
 ^S r esp. of diversion aft.r labour 
 drMV ioa. uith fictions the mind^ 
 Tfl^Z!rs fictis o. legentum an.mo= 
 "L't": oneself u^l^^^t^l^^ 
 
 ^Lrri^wecumu;:a;.:^.o- 
 
 S/'t^itVctoro, oblectatecuru^^^^^^ 
 onlcic: V. also TO ^'■'i*? °^^"^'-^- 
 
 ^aTln this^'sllse'^a. Myself .-itk 
 ),.-iting, mudo charts. Hor ^^ 
 
 «.?r ''""f aninml- (oi^ly in depend- 
 f^^n caul-or gratia): .ioyo-;^- 
 
 --r^Sio:^=^.^^j|^ 
 
 -^:-^e=^f:^3-? 
 nunc vero etiam salutem, Cic. o. 
 
 oblectatio: a.for the mind ^sought J^n^, 
 and a respite from ^""^^ °V^"*"'T 
 
 r^nlXttr'tothings which serve 
 
 f.sermo,ac:y.PLEAsm.. ^^^^^^^ 
 
 „,«T^'?tere faMlam, Cic. 2. 
 
 ^sav «■ ■ toansaer a., t respondere, 
 
 Se V PLEASANTLY. HUMOUKOUSL.. 
 
 amylaceous: aniyiaceus:lVLL. 
 
 ^Sihantism: anabaptismus. (Au_ 
 anaDapusui . ^ ^^^^ of 
 
 gustine uses this woiu 
 sccmxd baptism. ) . 
 
 anabaptist: anabaptistes, ae, m.. 
 
 Corp. Confess _ »^,„ ,„,„ i„versio : 
 
 ■^'^f Jf2r nhr V P h ? to commit many 
 ^^ Tem^Jr^m"^ rauonem per.urbare 
 
 aiiacreontius. Diomed „„,j,,,, 
 
 ve?ful?T?n'-r&n colon. Quint. 9. 
 4' T*' ^•u *;-.. I c reducinatoinsen- 
 
 *"anaglypbs: anaglypta. orum: Pim 
 styptic: anaglypticus: Sidon. 
 anilram: *anagramma. atis, n. (a 
 .pfcTsTtrifiing of modern invention: 
 v.Morhof..Poly.l.J.6). 
 
 „.T^fr|!fm4ntum'exanalo.ia (s. p^ro- 
 
 nortione V. analogy) ductiim. 
 
 ^ aWlVrically: Per analQgiam: our 
 
 J „ V.or a nostrl mtellectUb et 
 fonesrum^e" .four judicant. sen. Ep. 
 
 "analogous: analogus: Varr. (But 
 in niost caTes simiUs is near enough : 
 
 x^tV Oumt. thus explains the force of 
 
 ^rSm^-a^c^Hl 
 '-. non quaeritur refe at^ eMlu^ ta 
 
 ^ui S : : sen! wt' sp4ks of the 
 3 ^"a foreign one. and exp^^t 
 
 a-i^^^&tJ^aS^::^^ 
 
 |. l^ncom^rat.pgoJ 
 pStortIon. 3.comparaUo:Gc.l.c. 
 
 Cv suor 1 : V. COMPABISOK. 
 
 analysis- I- The separation of a 
 J^fS,Kly into its e"«-'-B^ J- 
 *corDorum separaiio et solutio, Bacon 
 NTor"g.z.i' 2.*corporumreduc,io 
 adnaturassimplices,ib. 3.p(A»t.t^) 
 
 ^rt 0/- any abstract subject: 1. ex- 
 Vlicallo (perhaps the nearest tem, but 
 needing Tome qualifytag word for pre 
 clsion:^as. *subtilis ahcujus rei expUca 
 tioatqueenodatio): Cic 2-^"^>^'; 
 eos / (in purely techmcal sense as op 
 posi' to synthesis). III. ^ sur-im^^- 
 fbMgmelt, q. v. : 6pit6me. summanum. 
 
 analyst : *analyseos pentus. 
 
 tSalvtlcal: analyticus: M.L. 
 
 ^Sll^tically: *peranalysin. 
 
 Quint. 12. 2, lo: to a. a s»*J«^'',|;^"' 
 quasi in membra discerpere Uc. lop 
 5. 28: to a. a W. vocabulum^ Ner- 
 bum subtililer enodare (cf. Cic bin. }, 
 24, 62). 
 
 |Slpfestic:an.paes.icus:..don.: 
 an a. poem, anapaesium, cic. 
 
 1 anaphora ('"««■ J^fl"'-*)^ ^""P^""^ 
 
 ^'a^^irchical- turbulenius (prob. the 
 
 'netStSle Word: v. tlkbulentV. 
 
 an a (state of the) comviouu'ealth t. 
 
 ?espubUca. Cil: » . ^tt'Tcfc ^But ". 
 cUizen, seditiosus civ.s et t; ^'<;- ^"' " 
 gen. it may be more accurateb^ ex 
 pressed by a phr. : as. an ^-stat^ etc 
 •civitas legitime impenocarens , in qua 
 \e^l^ non paretur ; '^espublio. m qua 
 nee leges ullae sunt i.ec judicia (cf. Cv-. 
 Earn '0. 1. ; civitasln quapopulu^w 
 bertatem in lubidinem vortit (cf. ball. 
 
 '^ "Anarchist: "'is seditiosus et tur- 
 
 buKs^c (v. A^-AKCH,CAL) : *concio- 
 
 1 nator seditiosus (i.e. one who by speeches 
 
 'PI:L sedition) : *-^'^«^ «^![^S^e 
 I suasor ; homo multitudinissolliciundae 
 
 ^tnarcby : *™™ ^^ ^""^ 
 
 im'rsrmale regi quam nullum ornnino 
 imperium habere. - 
 
 '\nathema^" anathema, atis. n.: 
 ^"i^^otViomatize • anathematizo, i .- 
 
 AuT-^T™S.-EXCOM«L-N,CATE. 
 
 mica, or aii5t5mice es, /. ■ "^'^"p V^li. 
 Anr 2 diss'-ctio: M.L,. (forceiu 
 
 Suggests [1: V. anatomia] that incis.o 
 miglt be used in this -use 
 o.^')^n^'andhrUJr..<,.e,a.: 
 according to the custom of our a.s, more 
 Srum Cic. The sing, may be expr. by 
 S)SniaJoribus. 2. avus.proavus^ 
 kbarus! atavus : these four '^ords deno« 
 four different removes, from grandjm<^ 
 backwards ■ but they are otteu used iii 
 pf to denote ancwfors in general = m*-
 
 ASCESTRAL 
 
 AND 
 
 A N D 
 
 JoreB. 3. auctor (chiefly poet. ; and 
 only of tfie/oimder of a race or family) : 
 HSU. with some defining word : as, auc- 
 tor generis or sanguinis, Virg. : geritis 
 anctor. Suet. : Hor. 4. parens, entis, 
 c. {a\ao ou\y ot the founder of a family) : 
 CIc. : Virg. 5. imagTnes, uni, /. (by 
 nieton. : with reference to the vox 
 busts of a.s kept in the atrium) . I have 
 no distinguished as, and my nobility 
 if of recent date, imagines noii habeo, et 
 mihi nova nobililasest. Sail. : Clc. : Hor. 
 6. prlores, um : Ov. : Plin. 
 ancestral : 1. ii»itus -.paternal and 
 a. possessious, palemae atque a. possess- 
 lones, Cic. : an a. estate, a. fundus, Hor. : 
 a. wealth, av. divitlae. Cat. 2. pr^- 
 ivUus: a. realms, p. regiia, Ov. . Stat. 
 
 ancestlT : v. ancestors. Phr. : 
 those whosea. is noble (i. e. distinguished: 
 V. noble), ii qui nobili gencre nati sunt, 
 Clc. : a man of very distinguishe'i a., 
 amplissimo gcnere natus, Caes. : a man 
 of base a., malo genere natus, Cic, 
 persons who have a common a., qui sunt 
 ^usdem stirpis, Cic. . v. family (fm.). 
 
 anchor (suhs.) .- ancOra : to cast a., 
 ancorasjacere, Caes. : Virg. : Caesar re- 
 mained at a. (me night, Caesar ad an- 
 coram una iiocte constitit, Caes. • some 
 ride at a., others cut tlmir cables, alii 
 in ancoras cveliuntur, alii ancoralia 
 Incidunt, Liv. : o pai-t (of the Jleet) re- 
 mained at a. at the mouth of the har- 
 bour, pars ad ostium portus in ancoris 
 Etetit . Liv. : Hor. : to weigh a., ancoram 
 tollere, Caes. ; a. solvere, Cic. : to ivait 
 at a., in ancoris exspectire. Caes. ; com- 
 morari, Hin. ; in salo navem tenere iti 
 ancoris, Xep. Fig.: ru> a. now holds 
 our baric, aiicora Jam nostram non tenet 
 ulla ratem, Ov. Phr.: to weigh a. 
 (= to set sail), naves solvere, or simply, 
 solvere, Caes. : Cic. -■ v. to anchor. 
 
 anchor («•) ■• A. Trans.: the 
 ships had txen a'd, naves ad ancoras 
 deligatae eraiit, Caes. B- 1 n trans. ; 
 sto, steti, I (of ships) ; the shipscould not 
 a. in the open sea, naves in salo stare non 
 poterant, Liv. : ten ships were a'd in the 
 Maliacan gulf, decern naves in sinu ila- 
 liaco stabjnt, Liv. Phr.: the ships 
 having a'd were being filled by the 
 waves, nases, ancoris jactis, fluctibus 
 complebantur, Caes. 
 
 anchorage : statTo : a smooth a., 
 quieta s., Caes. : an unsafe a., s. male- 
 fida carinis, V^irg. ; there was no safe 
 a. near the city, crnia, urbem luta s. non 
 erat.Liv. Phr.: anchorage dues, vecii- 
 galia ancoralia: the places afford excel- 
 lent a., loca sunt ogregia ad tenendas 
 ancoras, B. Ale.\. 9 ; "in iis locis com- 
 modissime iii ancoris consisti, starl 
 potest. 
 
 anchorite : Snachoreta, ae, m. : 
 Sulp. Sever.: v. iikkmit. 
 
 anchovy : *etigraulusencrasicholus, 
 Cuv. : a. sauce, garum : Hor. 
 
 ancient (denoting both what has 
 now ceased to exist, and what still 
 exists): 1. anliquus (chiefly but not 
 solely of that which has ceased to exist : 
 V. ANTiQUATKD): an a. custom, mos a., 
 PI. : a very a. period, antiquissimum 
 tempns, Caes. : these are tlie true and a. 
 names, ea vera et a. noraina, 'I"ac. : these 
 things are too a. and old-fashioned, baec 
 nimis a. et obsoleta sunt, Cic. : a. 
 temples, a. templa, Hor. : rery a. writ- 
 ings, antiquissima srripta, Hor. P h r.i 
 /ronia. timfts, antiqulius : Liv.: Quint. 
 Very ancient, perantiquus: a very a. 
 shrine, p. sacrarium, Cic. 2. vetus, 
 gris: only of that which still exists or 
 still remains in force : (vetus and an- 
 tiquus are sometimes used together : as 
 veterem atque antiquam rem novam ad 
 Yos proferam, PI. Amph. prol. 1 18 : an- 
 liquus is opposed to nuvus, vetus to re- 
 ceus, Habicht, '768) : the a. kingdom of 
 Priam, regnum Priami v., Hor. : a. sto- 
 tues, V. st^itiiae, Hor. : the a. poets, v. 
 poetae, Hor. : the a. men of olden time, 
 yeteres et prisci viri, Cic. Very a., per- 
 vCtus : a very a. toam, oppidum perv., 
 Cic: v. OLD, OLD-STANDING. 3. Ve- 
 
 tubtus (den red from vetus: hence of 
 
 that which it old, esp. which bean Vie 
 marks of age): ana. opinion, v. opinio, 
 Cic. ana. nation, v. gens. Virg.. very 
 a. public records, vetustissimum instru- 
 mentum imf)erii. Suet.- an a. temple, 
 v. templum, Virg. : an a. town, v. op- 
 pidum, Hor. 4. priscus (only of 
 what has now passed away : v. anti- 
 quated) : in the a. literature of the 
 Greelcs, in p. Graecorum literis, Cic. . 
 let oUiers take delight in a. times, 1 
 congratulate myself on having been born 
 in these latter ages, prisca juvent alios, 
 ego me nunc denique nalum gratulor, 
 Ov. 5. prlstinus: v. oldbn, for>ier. 
 6. caims(poet. : prop, grey , hoary) : 
 a. fidelity, c. tides, Virg. ; a.ages, secula 
 c. Mart. : v. old. 
 
 ancient (subs.) : i. q. ensign : q. v. 
 
 ancientSt the (esp. ancient writers): 
 1. antiqui, orum : the authority of 
 the a.s, antiquorum auctoritas, Cic. : 
 Hor. 2. antiquitas (abstract for cim- 
 crete) : the a.s were mistaken in many 
 things, errabat multis in rebus a., Cic. 
 3. vetgres, um : the a.,«, our ances- 
 tors, majores nostri, veteres illi, Cic. : 
 the rule of the a.s, veterum norma, Hor. : 
 to be reckoned anumg the a.s (i. e. ancient 
 xriters), in veteres referri, Hor. — (Note. 
 Antiqui denotes the a.s as those uiu) 
 lired long ago; veteres, as stdl known 
 to us and exerting an influence upon us : 
 V. ancient, 2). Phr.. he admits that 
 they express themselres in some respects 
 too much like the a.s, quaedam iiiniis 
 antique dicere cedit eos, Hor. : the in- 
 land tribes, more simply and more like 
 the a.s, use barter, inleriores siniplicius 
 et antiquius permutatione mercium 
 utuniur, lac; v. also ancestors. 
 
 anciently: 1. antiquitus(man- 
 cient times) : the Belgae n ere a. led 
 across the Rhine, Belgae Rhenura anu 
 transducti sunt, Caes. : Nep. 2. olim, 
 quondam: v. once, formkrlv. 
 
 ancientness: v. astiquitt. 
 
 ancillary : '•■ supplemental. 
 
 and: 1. et: et properly joins 
 wo-'ds or sentences which have, or are 
 represented as having, only a fortuitous 
 or tcnipiirary coimection : (i) the simple 
 conjunction : cold and hunger and tit irst, 
 friirus et fames et sitis, Cic: Caesar 
 orders Divitiacus to be sumnvmed to him 
 and converses with him, Caesar Diviiia- 
 cum ad se vocari jubet et cum eo collo- 
 quitur, Caes. — Obs. When several sub- 
 stantives are connected in Knglish by 
 and, as in the first of the above ex- 
 amples, the et must either be repeated 
 with each additional member, as thire 
 (Tro\va~uvSeTov), or else omitted alto- 
 gether {aa-vvSerov) : as, honour, faith, 
 intellect, concord, honos, fidi's, mens, 
 Concordia, Cic. When a number of 
 words are coimected, the latter mode is 
 usually preferred unless special emphasis 
 is needed. (Cic. has in one place, com- 
 posite, ornate, copiose loqui ; and In 
 another, prudenter et composite et or- 
 nate et memoriter dicere (Or. i, i;, 64) : 
 the several words being in the latter 
 case brought out with more distinctness 
 and emphasis.) Que (v. inf. 3) is how- 
 ever frequently used with the last num- 
 ber of a series, when that member 
 gathers up a number of partiiulars : as, 
 in astronomy, the rising, setting, and 
 mnvemetits of the stars, in asirologia, 
 ortus, obitus, motusque siderum, Cic. 
 (ii) the conj. emphasized ^ and indeed : 
 you were wrong and indeed exceedingly 
 wrong, errabas, et vehementer errabas, 
 Cic. (ili) = and then (indicating an 
 immediate result) : he said, and Vo-n in- 
 stantly perceived that he hail fallen into 
 the midst of tlte enemy, dixit, et e.xtem- 
 plo sensit medios delapsus in hostes, 
 Virg. : (iv) = and yet (subjoining an em- 
 phatic question or e.xclamatloii) : and 
 yet are there people who complain about 
 the Appian wayt et sunt qui de via 
 Appia querantur? Cic. (v)=:an<i so 
 too, and also : these things themselves 
 are a source of pleasure to me, and so 
 ton icere those to the Torquati, haec ipsa 
 mibi sunt voluptati, et erant ilia Tor- 
 £> 
 
 quaiis, Cic. 2. atqag or gc (tbr 
 
 latter in classical prose gen. only before 
 ojnsonants); this coiy. differs from st 
 in denoting a closer connection between 
 the ideas represented by the conoecteiil 
 words or clauses : hence it is often em- 
 ployed to Join two substaniivea which 
 together represent a single complex 
 idea, (i) the simple conj. : to speak 
 from tfie heart and truly, ex animo ac 
 vere dicere, Ter. : Die dangers of Mu 
 city and empire, pericula bujug arbit 
 atque imperii, Cic. : vnlli your virtuous 
 feeling, isto animo atque virtute, Cic. 
 Caesar gave the signal for joining battle, 
 and having set out for the other vivg, 
 he fell in with those actually engayetl. 
 Caesar proelil committendi signum de- 
 dit, atque in alteram partem profeciug. 
 pugnantlbus occurrit, Caes. (Ii) the 
 conj. emphasized = a7Ki indeed, aiul 
 even, and especially: a difficult affair, 
 and indeed the most difficult of all. Tea 
 diflicilis atque omnium difficilfima. Cic. : 
 great thanlcs are due to the immortal 
 gods, and especially to this very Jupiter 
 ataior, magna diis immortalibus ba- 
 benda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi 
 Statorl, Cic. : the river can be crossed on 
 foot in one place only, and even in thit 
 with difficulty, tiumen uno omnino loco 
 pedibus atque hoc aej^e traiisiri potest, 
 Caes. 3. quS, an enclitic which con- 
 nects words rather than sentences, and 
 words usually standing in the same re- 
 lation to the rest of the sentence, and 
 representing things very closely con- 
 nected, either naturally and generally, 
 or at least under the circumstances 
 spoken of; hence such words often de- 
 note a single complex idea. Que must 
 be afTi.Ked to the second of the two 
 words ; and it is to be specially ob- 
 served that it is rarely added to 
 words ending in a short vowel, espe- 
 cially e : that force overcame all the 
 allurements of pleasure and ease, ea vis 
 omnia blandimenta voluptatis otiique 
 vicit, Cic. ; the Aulerci and Lexovii fhut 
 their gates, Aulerci Le.xoviique portag 
 clausenmt, Caes. : having collei.ted tivigt 
 and urulerwood they go stiaight to the 
 camp, sarmentis virgultisque oollectis 
 ad castra pergunt, Caes. : tlie arrange- 
 ment and order of the line of march, 
 ratio ordoque agminis, Caes.: a shout 
 and din arose, and some ru!lu:4 one 
 uay, some another, patiic-striiken , cla- 
 mor fremitusque oriebatur aliique aliam 
 in partem jierterrili ferebantur, Caes. 
 Que may be used alter a substantiv* 
 preceded by a preposition : as. Ad went 
 to Home and bei/an to appear in the 
 forum, Romam demigravit, in foroque 
 esse coepit. Nep. : Cic. — N.B. (i) When 
 a connected clause contains a negative, 
 the conjunction "and" and the nega- 
 tive are often e.xpressed by neque or nee, 
 especially where the former clause con- 
 tains a correlative conjunction : you per- 
 ceive that he both had preS'nce of mind 
 and was not xeantivn in priulence, inlel- 
 ligitis et animum ei p^t.=f^t^ fuisse, nee 
 consilium deluisse, Cic: ai that lime 
 games were celebrated during ten days, 
 and nothing was omitted with a view to 
 appeasing tlie gods, tunc et ludi decern 
 per dlfs facti stmt, neque res ulla quae 
 ad placandum deos p-.-rtineret. praeter- 
 mlssa est. Cic: Ae saw that affairs vere 
 in a critical state and tliat there was no 
 re:/erve tliat could be sent up, rem esse 
 in angusto vidit, .neque ullum esse sub- 
 sidium quod submitti posset, Caes. (II) 
 " And " connected witli a demonstrative 
 or personal pronoun may often be ex- 
 pressed In Latin by the relative pronoun 
 alone : and I'aesar having been informed 
 of these things orders ships of war to be 
 built, quilms de rebus Caesar certior fac- 
 tus naves longas aediticari Jubet, Caes, : 
 the soldiers vere embavouring to hoard 
 tlie enemies' ships, and when the barba- 
 rians observed this, they strove to save 
 thtmsehfs by flight, miUtes transctndere 
 In hostium naves contendebant. Quod 
 postquam barbari fieri aniniadverterunt 
 luga salutem petere conlenderunt, Caea. 
 
 ii
 
 ANDROOYNOUS 
 
 A X G UI S H 
 
 A N I M A T E D 
 
 (Hi) In many cases whnre "and" Is 
 empluyeii to connect single words, it 
 must or may be omitted in I^atln, espe- 
 Mally in enumeratiuns ; but as it is im- 
 possible to reduce such cases to rule, 
 they must be left to observation. It 
 frequently happens also that where we 
 employ two or more co-ordinate sen- 
 tences or clauses, connected by " anii," 
 the Latin language e.\pi( sses the sense 
 of one or more of the clauses by a par- 
 ticipial or relative clause, attached to 
 one of the terms of the principal sen- 
 tence, and iherelore forming part of the 
 latter, so that a conjunction is not re- 
 quired. I?ut the grammar rather than 
 the dictionary must be consulted on 
 such points: v. also I'.OTit (■<«)./.). 
 
 Ucspeciing the Latin conjunctions 
 above spoken ot, see Allen's Huctrina 
 Cop. Ling. Latinae. 
 
 androgynous : v. HERMAPHRrmiTE. 
 
 anecdote. 1. labella : if any. 
 
 thing is told as an a., si quid tanquam f. 
 narratur, Cic. 2. nanatiunciila : Vie 
 spfech is enlivened n-ith man}/ a.s, oratio 
 narratiunculis plurlbus renovator, Plin. : 
 y. 8TOKr. 
 
 anecdotical : P h r. : a very a. hoolc, 
 •liber plenus fabellaruiu festlvaruni. 
 
 anemometer : anemSmetnmi : M.L. 
 
 anemone : &n6ni6ne, es, /'. .• Plln. 
 aneurism : aneurisma, itis, «. ; M.L. 
 
 aneurismal, aneurismaticus : M.L. 
 
 anew. 1. denQo : the nhole lioufe is 
 htiiig built a., aedificantur aedes tot.ie 
 d., PI. : Sicily xvas assessed a., Siciiia 
 censa d. est, Cic. 2. de, ab, ex integro : 
 the u-ar broke out a. ii'ith more fie'ce- 
 ness, acrius de integro obortum est hel- 
 ium, Liv. : the great cycle begins a., 
 niagnus ab integro saeciorum nascitur 
 ordo, Virg. : to get strength a., recipere 
 ex integro vires, Quint. 3. It may 
 
 sometimes be expr. by re in comp. with 
 a verb : as to break out a. (of an old 
 wound), recrudesce : v. aoain. 
 
 angel : angglus: Tert. : Aug. : Hier. : 
 a guardian a., an. custos or tutelaris, 
 Eccl. Phr. : to sing like ana., *scite 
 adinodum canere. As a teriu of endear- 
 ment : my a. ! meae deliciae, PI. : v. 
 
 LOVE, DARLING. 
 
 angel (adj) ■• v. angelic. 
 
 angel-fisn: 1. squatina(?) : Plin. 
 2. rhina(?).- Plin. 
 
 angelic : angSlIcus : Eccl. : a. food, 
 angelici panes, Prud. (When used 
 loosely and figuratively, as angelic pa- 
 tience, goodness, etc., it maj be expr. by 
 eximiuS; egregius ; plus quara hunianus, 
 etc.) : v. remarkable, superhuman. 
 
 anger : 1. I'"^ (denoting the emo- 
 tion as actually existing) : a. is a short 
 madness, ira furor brevis est. Hor. : per- 
 haps some single, word has stirred up 
 tliis a. bet'ieen them, fortasse unutn ali- 
 quod verbum inter eas iram banc con- 
 civerit, Ter. : to do amithing in a., ali- 
 quid per iram facere, Cic. : to give way 
 to a., irae indulgere, Liv. : to lay aside 
 a., iram ponere, Hor. : to turn one's a. 
 against a person, iram in aliquem ver- 
 tere, Hor. : let his a. cool, delervescat 
 Ira, Cic. : v. wrath, rNDiGNATiox. 2. 
 iracundia (prop, denoting a natural 
 proneness to anger, from iracundus ; and 
 hence, a vioUnt fit of anger) : the man 
 blazed out with a. and irritation, homo 
 exarsit iracundia ac stoiuacho, Cic. : v. 
 ibascibilitv, passion. 3. bills, is,/. 
 (lit. the bile) : that excites one's a., bilem 
 id comraovet. Cic. : to rent one's a., b. 
 effundere, Juv. : v. bile. 4. st6- 
 machus, i (lit. the stomach, as the reser- 
 voir of the bile : v. supr. 3) : to laugh in 
 themidst of a., in stomacho ridere, Cic. : 
 esp. in phr. to excite any wie's a., movere 
 alicui stomachum, Cic. : v \exation. 
 — (Note. Both this and the preceding 
 word denote rather an ebullition of rex- 
 ation , than stern, settled anger. ) Phr.: 
 to do anything in a., aliquid irate fac- 
 ere, Phaedr. : Col. : v. angrily : pror.e 
 to a., iracundus : v. angrv. v. indig- 
 nation, FURY, irritation. 
 
 anger ("■) •" ifito : v. to irritate, 
 pbovoke, 
 
 angina (inflammalvm of the throat, 
 etc.) . angina :" PI. : Plin. 
 
 angle (subs.) .• angiilus : an obtuse 
 a., a. obtusus, Lucr. : an acute a., a. 
 acutus, Plin. : equal (or right) aj:, pares 
 anguli, Cic. : a right a., a. normalis. 
 Quint. : the meridian cuts the horizon at 
 right a.s, meridianus circulus horizonta 
 rectis angulis secat. Sen. : the a.s of 
 falls, anguli parietum, Plin. (Vitru- 
 vius expresses this by the one wurd, 
 versurae) : a small a., angellus, Luc r. 
 
 angle ("•) •■ 1. tiiimo pi-cari : 
 
 Suet. 2. pisces arundine caplare : 
 
 Til). : Ov. 3. pisci s hamo capere 
 (when the fish are actually caught): 
 Cic. : V. TO catch, fish for. 
 
 angler: piscator( //sAennar?).- Ter.: 
 Cic. Phr.: my father himself was a 
 P'lor man, and used to gain h is lin'^ig as 
 an a., pater pauper et ipse fuit. linoque 
 solebat et hamo decipere et calanio sal- 
 ientes ducere pisces, Ov. : v. to angle. 
 
 angler (« spe">s offish) .- 1. jiis- 
 catrlx, icis, /. • Plin. 2. *lophius 
 
 piscatorius, Linn. 
 
 anglicism : *anglicismus ; linguae 
 Angliciie consuetudo propria: loquendl 
 genus ab Anglico fonte deductum. 
 
 anglicize: *ex con*uPtudine linguae 
 Annlicae loqui : *Anglicisso (cl. greek, 
 fin.). 
 
 angling (-'«&«) •• expr. by phr. : as, 
 fond of a., *hamo, arundine piscandi 
 stiidiosus ; or fig., *hanio calamoque de- 
 ditus : to get a living by a., *arundine 
 bamoque victum quaerere : v. to angle. 
 
 angling-rod: calamus, arundo : v. 
 fishing-rod. 
 
 angrily : 1. iracunde : the'i did 
 nothing a. and fiercely, nihil ir. rabiose- 
 que fecerunt, Cic. : to spa'c too a., nimis 
 ir. dicere, Cic. 2. i' ate : Phaedr. : 
 
 Col.— Note. There is strictly the same 
 difference between iracunde and irate as 
 between the corresponding adjectives (v. 
 angry): thus irate docme, xould be to 
 teach while in a passion ; iracumle doc- 
 ere, habitually to tea/h trith irritabi- 
 lity: V. irritably. Yet practically the 
 adverbs are often synonymous. 
 
 angry : 1. iratus : a^e you at all 
 a. with me about these matters f num- 
 quid ir. es mihi propter has res? PI. ■ 
 Caesar had been very a. with them, 
 Caesar illis fuerat iiatissimus, Cic. : a. 
 gods and poets, irati l)i atque poetae, 
 Hor. : a. imprecations, iratae preces, 
 Hor. : the a. sea, ir. mare, Hor. : the a. 
 wiwls, ir. Tenti, Prop. Very angry, 
 pgriratHs: Mars was very a. nith my 
 father, fult Mars meo p. patri, PI. : 
 Cic. Someuhat angry: stibiratus: a 
 man somewhat a. unth you, homo til>i 
 
 S., Cic. : V. INDIGNANT, IRRITATED. 
 
 2. iracundus (prop, prime to 
 anger, irascible; whereas iratus is ac- 
 tually angry : but sometimes, esp. in 
 the poets, iracundus seems to be equiv. 
 to iratus) : the a. fleet of Achilles, ir. 
 classis Achillei, Hor. : a. thunder-bolts, 
 ir. fulmina, Hor. : to be a. irilh any one. 
 ir. in aliquem esse, Cic. : to become a., ir. 
 fieri, Cic: v. irascible. Phr.: koiv 
 a. children are with one another for 
 slight offences, pueri inter sese quas 
 pro levibtis noxiis iras gerunt I Ter. : 
 
 v. also to BE ANGRY. 
 
 , to be : 1. irascor, ? (with 
 
 dat. or absol.) : a wise man is never a.. 
 nunquam sapiens ir., Cic. : to he a. with 
 one's friends, amicis ir., CSc. : to be very 
 a., graviter ir., PI. : to be a. about 
 nothing, de nlhilo ir., PI. : to be a little 
 a., subirascor : Cic. 2. succenseo, ui, 
 sum, 2 (denoting settled, tvell-grounded 
 anyer : with dat.) : nor in truth have I 
 any reason to be a. with them, nee vero 
 lis habeo quod succenseam, Cic. : Ter. : 
 Caes. 3. stftmachor, i (to be vexed 
 and irritated at : with dat. ; prep, cum ; 
 or clause) : when Scipio uas a. with Me- 
 tellus, .Scipio quum stomacharetur cum 
 M., Cic. : / vas a. with your most de- 
 lightful letter at the end, jucundissimis 
 tuis Uteris st^imachatus sum in extre- 
 nio, Cic. : v. to be vexed. 
 
 anguish : 1. acerbltas : the a. of 
 
 extreme grief, a. sumini luctns, Cia 
 
 2. angor, oris, m. : a. of mind, a. 
 animi, 01c. : to be oietponered by a., an- 
 goribiis confici, Cic. Phr.: I hear that 
 you are su tiering from mento.l a., autllo 
 te animo angi, Cic. v. agony. 
 
 angular : 1. angularis, e : an a. 
 stone, a. lapis, Cato : Vitr. 2. angu- 
 latus: atoms, some circular, others a., 
 corpuiicula rotunda alia, partim a., Cic 
 
 3. angulCMis (full of angles) : a. 
 gems, a. gemmae, Plin. 
 
 angularity : *iorma s. figura angn' 
 laris. 
 
 anhydrous: anhydrus: M.L. 
 
 anile : anilis, e : follies almost a., 
 ineptiae pene aniles, Cic. : Virg. 
 
 anilely : aniliter : to speak stipersti- 
 t'oiisly and a., superstitiose atque an. 
 dicere. Cic. 
 
 anility : anilTtas : Cat. 
 
 animadversion : animadverslo : pa- 
 lernal a., patema a., Cic. : all a. and 
 punishment should be without insult, 
 omnis a. et castigatio contumelia vacare 
 debet, Cic. : v. reproof, censure. 
 
 animadvert : arumadverto, ti, sum, 
 } : the matter icas to be a.'d upon by the 
 magistrates, res a magistratibus animad* 
 vertenda fuit, Cic. : v. to observe, re- 
 mark, CENSURE. 
 
 animal (subs.): |, Any living 
 
 creature: 1. animal, alls, n, : alive 
 a., a. vivum, Cic. : this provident and 
 sagacious a. which we call man, a. hoc 
 providum, sagax, quem vocamus homl- 
 nem, Cic. : men vho aim at excelling the 
 other a.s, homines qui sese student prae- 
 stare ceteris a.. Sail. : that animal (con- 
 temptuously of a maji), illuda.,Cic. 2. 
 animans. antis (m.f. and n.) : every kind 
 of a.s, genus omne animantnm. Lucr. : 
 o.« which are known to us, quae sunt 
 nobis nota animantia, Cic. ||. An ir- 
 rational animal: 1. pecus, udis, /■. 
 (esp. of domestic animals) : the constitU/- 
 tion of man surpasses (Ihat of) the do- 
 mestic a.s and other beasts, natura homi- 
 nis p. reliquisque bestiis autecedit, Cic. : 
 the races of wild a.s, genera pecudtim 
 ferarum, Varr. 2. ft™ (» "''W ani- 
 mal) : numy kinds of wild a.s, multa 
 genera ferarum, Caes. : n-ild a.s lurk in 
 the woods, latent silvis ferae, Hor. : Cic 
 3. pScus, oris, n. (collective) : bris- 
 tle-bearing a.s, setigerum pecus, Ov. : 
 flying aniv>als, volatile p.. Col. : v. 
 cattle, flocks. 4. ferus (= fgra) : 
 Virg. : Phaedr. v. bea.st, BRt;TE. 
 
 animal (adj.) -. anlmalls, e : a. bodies, 
 a. corpora, Lucr. : Cic. Phr.: a. ap- 
 pitites, animalium appetitiones natu- 
 rales (cf. Cic. N. D. j, ij, }}); animan- 
 tium appetitus, Cic. Off. i, 4, ii : a. life, 
 vita animalium : the a. kingdom, ani- 
 mantium genera omnia : o. food, caro, 
 camis, /. : v. neat : a. pleasures, cor- 
 poris voluptates, Cic. 
 
 animalcule • *adeo immensae sub- 
 tilitatis animal ut oculis solis cemi non 
 po.ssit ; *minutissimum quoddam animal 
 et cujus cemi non possit exilitas (cf. 
 Plin. II, 1): in the passage referred to 
 the smallest creatures are described as, 
 immensae subtllitatis animalia. The dim. 
 animalculum has no ancient authority, 
 but may be used as scient. t. t. 
 
 animate ("■)•■ I. To s^''*" ''/« 'o* 
 
 amnio, 1 : the stars a.d by divine souls, 
 Btellae divinis animatae mentibus, Cic. : 
 /«; a.d the drops into snakes, guttas ani- 
 mavlt in angues, Ov. Phr.: he a.d the 
 body with a soul, animum conclusit in 
 corpore, Cic. ||. To inspirit, incite : 
 1. hortor, i • v. to encourage. 2. 
 fSvgo, fbvi, fotum, 2 : the people looking 
 on a.d first these then the others by shout- 
 ing and applause, spectator populus hos 
 rursus illos clamore et plausu fovebat, 
 Tac. : they a.d them with well-nigh cer- 
 tain hope, prope certa fovebant spe, Liv.: 
 V. to hncourage, incite, inspire wrra. 
 animate (fO-) • ^- animated 
 animated (adj. and part.) : I. 
 Kndoiied with life: \. animans, an- 
 tis ■ the uorld is a., mundus est ani- 
 mans, Cic. ; not even to grant that the 
 gods are a., ne a. quidem esse deos coo-
 
 ANIMATING 
 
 ANNOUNCE 
 
 AN N UI TT 
 
 oedere, Cic. 2. inimaliB, e : a. bodies, 
 a. corpora, Lucr. : a. links (of bodies), 
 vincula a., Cic: an a. intelligence p^- 
 vades all thingn, quaedam a. intelligentia 
 omnia per omnia permeat et transit, Cic. 
 II, l.ixxl ij. vigorous : 1. vividus^ 
 a. statues (1. e. lije-like), v. sijtna, I'rop. 
 (Vlrg.s spirantia aera): an a. imai/K, 
 V. ImaRO, Cl.uiil. : a. epigrams, v cpi- 
 grammata. Mart. 2. vgi^elii.s : black 
 a. eyes, nigrl vegetique oculi. Suet. : tlie 
 bull has: a vurre a. Ux)lc, tauro vef^etlor 
 asppctus. Col. : fig.: this interval ol time 
 it the must a. (i.e., busy, full of lije) 
 with the /armer,.hoe intervallum vege- 
 tlsslmum agricolis, Plin. ; v. frv-sh, 
 ti\ ELY. — N(jTi;. Vividus refers ratlier 
 to vigour, vegeius to liveliness and ac- 
 tivity. 3. v61i£mens, ntis (.stronger 
 than tlie preceding: v. forciblk): a 
 viyoritus and a. sptakir, orator acer et 
 v., Cic. : an a. speaker, v. orator, Cic. . 
 a vigorous and a. spe.erh, acris et v. 
 oratio, yuint. 4. Placer : v. brisk, 
 ACTIVE. III. Actuated by certain feel- 
 ing s : Sniniatus: I have cdn ays been a. 
 towards you bij the kindliest feelings, 
 erga vos onini tempore optime fui a , 
 Cic. : n:e see that the State is a. toivants 
 you just as it has been treated by you, 
 clvitatom ut abs te afTecia est, Ita in te 
 esse aniuiatam videnius, Cic. (7'o Ite 
 a. by certain feelings = to entertain 
 them : q.v.). 
 
 animating (a''i.) •• hortans : stlmul- 
 ans : v. EN<oLRA<ii.N<i. 
 
 animation : I. Tiie bestowal of 
 life: finliniilio: divine a., diviiia a., 
 die. Univ. lo: the a. of a tree, a. arboris, 
 Tert. Phr. : after the a. of the liodi/ 
 he bestoieed on it intMigenee., aiiiimi in 
 corpore concluso, intelligeiitiani in ani- 
 mo conclusit. Cic. Univ. j. ||, lAfe: 
 q.v. Ill, Liveliness, vigour : 1. 
 
 vigor, vis, vjlifimintia : all somewhat 
 stronger than the English: v. vkjocr, 
 ENERGY, FORCE. 2. o^ntenlTu (only 
 of animation in speech) : the utmost 
 vigour and a. is commendable (as opp. 
 to lenitas), summa vis et c. probatur, 
 Cic. deOr. i, 6o, 255. 3. spiritus, us, 
 m. : V. SPIRIT. 4. ardor : 1. e. ardour, 
 eagerness : q. v. 5. argutiae, arum 
 (of works of ait) : Parrhasius lirst 
 showed a. of features (in his works), 
 Parrhasius primus dedit argutias vul- 
 tus. Plin. Phr. to spea'v cvith a., ve- 
 hementer dict-re, Cic. : yuint. an orator 
 should have a., oratorem decet vegetum, 
 vividum esse ; v. animatei> (11). 
 
 animosity: 1. simuitas (usu.in 
 
 plu.) : he haul abandoned the a. n-hich 
 he etdertained against me, simultates 
 quas nifcum habebat deposuerat, Cic. : 
 6iey strove for piejerment uith the 
 ffreatest (mutual) a., de loco summis si- 
 multatilms coiitendebaiit, C'aes. : to pro- 
 voke a., s. provocare, Quint. : to cherish 
 a., s. nutrire, lac. 2. acerbltas : tu 
 vomit the venom of one's a. against any 
 one, evomere acerl)ilatis virus in ali- 
 quera. Cic: v. bittkrxi-ss. 3. ira- 
 cundia (prop, pi anew ss to anger ; but 
 often used of vehement animosity) : v. 
 
 PASSION, ANGER. 
 
 anise : ilnisum : Plin. : a7iiseed, anisi 
 semina, Plin. 
 
 ankle, ankle-bone: talus: Ceis. : 
 Ov. : the ankles, talaria, iuni . Sen. : a 
 tunic I caching down to the ankles, tunica 
 talaris, Cii.-. 
 
 anklet: pfiriscelis, Idis, /. : Hor. 
 
 annalist : aimalium scriptor : v. 
 
 ANKALS. 
 
 annals : annalcs, ium. j)i. .■ the dran-- 
 ing up of a.s, annalium confoctio, Cic. . 
 the a. s of the Uoman people, nn. populi 
 K.. Cic. : meagrely vritten a.s, an. f.\i- 
 liter scripti, Cic. : v. history. 
 
 annats: primitiae; V. fiksT-erlits. 
 
 anneal : |. To temper metals ; 
 
 1. tempero, i : other kimls of iroti 
 are a.' d from pare steel , alia gcicra fcrri 
 ex mera acle temperantur, Plin. 54, 14, 
 41. 2. excoquo. co.\i, coctum, j : fire 
 a.s iron, ferrum ex. ignis. Ov, .M. 14, 
 'J12 : the hardest iron is a.'d in furnaces 
 jfl order to harden its edge, nucleus ferri 
 
 excoquitur In fomaclbus ad Induran- 
 dam acii-iii, Plin. I. c. But annealing 
 is olteii [iractlsed to render a metal more 
 pliable; to expr. this we may perhaps 
 use "tcniperare atque moliire ; or ita 
 temperari- ut (metallum) flexiblle tiat : 
 V. ANNEALING. II. To paint on glass, 
 burning theeolimrs in : *vitrum tlngere ; 
 (vitro) picturam Inurere : encaiisla (In 
 vitro) plngere : Plin.: v. encaustic 
 
 I'AINTINi,. 
 
 annealing (suXis.) .- |. Temper- 
 
 ing : tempCramentum : the a. of glass 
 so as to render it Jiexible, vitrl t. ut 
 flexiblle sit, Plin. }6, 66. ||. The art 
 of encaustic glass-iiainting : ars vltrl 
 tingendi : v. To anneal i U). 
 
 annex: j. To unite to: 1. 
 annecio, nexul, nexum, j : a clause a.'d 
 to a ."ipccc/i, membnmiannexum orationi, 
 Cic. : V. TO JOIN, unite. 2. addo : 
 V. TO Ai>i). I'hr. : to a. land to land, 
 agros contlnuare (continuare domos. 
 Sail.), Liv.; loiigos Jungere fines agro- 
 rum, Lucan : to a. 7«U/ons (to one's do- 
 minion), (gentes) Jungere, Liv. 21, 5 
 init. II. To subjoin : suppono, pOsui, 
 p6sTtum, J : to a. a copy 0/ a letti^, ex- 
 emplum epislol.ie s.,Cic. : v. to subjoin. 
 
 annexation : adjectio : the a. of the 
 
 Alban people, ad. populi Alhani, Liv. : 
 or expr. by ger. of adjiciu, Jungo, etc.: 
 
 V. TO ANNEX, JOIN. V. UNION, AI'UITION. 
 
 annihilate : I. To reduce to no- 
 thing : ad nil revocare, Lucr. i, 267 : to 
 be a.d, in nihilum occidere, or inteiire; 
 ad nihilum venire or recidere, Cic. ||. 
 To lO'stroy completely : 1, del6o, Icvi, 
 letum, 2 : the enemy vere scattered and 
 almost a.d, h'.istesdispersi ac pene deleti 
 sunt, Caes. : men a.d by death, homines 
 morle deleti, Cic. 2. extinguo, stiiixi, 
 stiiKtum, J : the nation ivas utterly a.d, 
 a stirf)e exstincta gens, Liv. : Cic. Phr.: 
 the nation and name of the JS'ervii having 
 been almost a.d, prope ad intemecionem 
 gente ac nomine Nervioriun redacto, 
 Caes.: to be utterly a.d (of a city), fuii- 
 ditus perire, Hor. : v. to destr'iy. 
 
 annihilation : 1. exstinctlo : 
 that last day uill bring nut a. but 
 change of plate, supremus ille dies non 
 ex. sed ccmniutationem afferet loci, Cic. 
 2. intemScio: the a. of an army, ml. 
 exercitus, Caes. : Tac. : v. destruction. 
 
 annihilator : exstinctor : Cic 
 
 anniversary (adj.) : 1. anmvor- 
 sarius : a. religious services, an. sacra, 
 Cic 2. animus : annua sacra, Virg. 
 3, solleimls, 6: ana. and establi hed 
 sacrifice, s. et statum sacrificiuiu, Cic. 
 (cf. Liv. I, J I). 
 
 anniversary (subs.) : 1. annua 
 tempura : Lucr. 2. festus dies anni- 
 versarius : the Si/racusans keep the a.s, 
 Syracusjiui festos dies an. aguiit, Cic. 
 3, dies festus atque soUennis : Cic. 
 Pis. 22, 51. 
 
 annotate : 1. annoto, 1 : the book 
 ivas read, was a.d, liber legebatur, an- 
 notiibatur, Plin. 2. coimneiilor, i : 
 to a. poems, carmina c, Suet. 
 
 annotation : 1. ann6tatio : lam 
 expeeting my btiok from you with your 
 a.s, a te libnim meum cum annotationi- 
 bus tuis exspecto, Plin. 2. coinnienta- 
 rium : the grammarians xrho hare com- 
 posed a.s on Virgil, grammatici qui com- 
 mentaria in Virgilium composiierunt, 
 Gell. : Suet. 3. annoiatiuncula (a 
 
 shorten.): (jell.: v. commentary. 4. 
 *nota : used in this sense by modern 
 commentators only. 
 
 annotator : ccmnnentarlomm or an- 
 notatiiiiuim scriptor: v. annotation. 
 
 announce : 1. nuntto, 1 : those 
 who Irish to bring good Turns add 
 sonu: invention of their outi to make 
 what they a. more jugful, qui Ixinl quid 
 volunt afTerre, afTingunt aliquid quo fa- 
 cjant Id quod iiuiitiant laetius, Cic. : to a. 
 the hours. hoHLS n., Mart. 2. dciiun- 
 tio, I (generally of what Is threatened) : 
 he a.d tliat he ivas reanly for everything, 
 se ad omnia paratum dcnuntlavit, Cic: 
 those veapims do not a, danger f»r us. 
 but protectitm, lUa arma non pericula 
 nobis sed praesidium d., Cic 3. prS- 
 
 nuniTo, I (of public announcementa) : 
 he openly a.s that he uill receive hit 
 name, palam pronuiiilat sese ejus nomen 
 recepiuriiiii, Cic : the jurymen a. their 
 v<.-rdict, judla'S seutentiain pr., Cic. : to 
 a. a battle lor the Tuxt day, praelium in 
 posteruiii diem pr., Liv. 4. praenuntio, 
 I : (to annoiino: beforeliarui) : go, a. that 
 she will come, abi, praeiiuiuia hanc ven- 
 turain, 'I'er. 5. rfinuntlo, i ito re- 
 port : q.v. ; and esp. of announcing to the 
 people names of successful cindidutes): 
 to a. any »ne's election as pioetor, con- 
 sul, etc., aliquem praetorem, consulem 
 r., Cic: Liv. g. perfjro, till, li- 
 
 turn, J (lo convey news) ; ( Ofiar'i suo- 
 cesses were a.d by messengers and Utt-rt, 
 Caisaris secundae res nuntiis ac literla 
 perferebantur, Caes. 7. proscribo, 
 
 scrips!, scriptum, i (of puUu: written 
 a.s) : to a. a law, legem p.. Cic. : Tac : 
 
 V. To REniHT, AI>\ ERTI.-E, fUBLISll. 
 
 announcement: 1. numiatlo 
 (rare, and as t.t.): Cic: Ilg. : 2. 
 den';nliatlo : ana. of misfoi tunes, d. ca- 
 lamitatum, Cic. : 3. renuntiatlo (ct. 
 to announce, 5) : an a. of tlie votes, r. 
 suffragiorum, Cic. : Ulp. 4. prOnun- 
 tiatio : to make an a., p. facere, Caes. : 
 
 V. DECLARATION, fUBUCATION, ADVEB- 
 
 TISEMENT. 
 
 announcer : nuntius : v. bekjbteb. 
 
 MESSENGER. 
 
 annoy : maii; habgo, 2 : this a.s the 
 
 man, hoc male halwt viium. Per. : too. 
 the enemies' line of ma/c/i, agmeu ad- 
 versariorum male h., Caes. : v. to vex. 
 
 HARASS, TEASE. 
 
 annoyance : 1. mSlestia : to be 
 
 subjeit 10 the greatest a., in maximis 
 niolestiis esse, Cic. ; to give any one a., 
 alicui m. facere, exhibere, Cic. : v. 
 TROUBLE. 2. vexatio; they advanced 
 exposed to every kind of a., cum omni 
 genere vexatlonis proce.sserunt, Liv.: 
 
 Cic. : V. VEXATION, DISCOMFORT. 
 
 annoyed, to be: 1. moieste ». 
 
 gravlter fero, tuli, latum, j (witli ucc): 
 they were a. at the anny wintering in 
 Gaul, exercitum in Gallia hiemare ra. 
 ferebant, Caes. : / am very much a. that 
 I don't Icnoiv where I shall see you, mo- 
 lestissime fero quod te ubl visurus sim 
 nescio, Cic. : to be grievously a. at any- 
 thing, graviter et acerbe aliquid ferre, 
 Cic. (similarly graviter accipere, Cic). 
 2. stomachor, I (of peevish,fretful 
 irritation: wllh dat. of person or with 
 cum, etc.) : to be a. at a nail ill-pared, 
 prave sectum s. ob unguein, Hor. : 
 wiih ace. of neut. pron. : to be a. at 
 everything, omnia s., Cic : v. to chafe. 
 
 BE VEXED. 
 
 annoy er : vexaior, Cic. 
 
 annoying (O'lj): 1. mClesms: 
 there are some p-ople who nia.e (even) 
 friendships a., sunt ijuidam qui nioles- 
 tas amicitias faciunl, Cic. : v. tboi ble- 
 soME, VEXATIOUS. 2. 6di6sus: it ita. 
 and vexatious, od.et molestum est, tic: 
 PI.: very a., pirodiosus : a very a. in- 
 JlammationoJ the e^t.s, p. lippitudo, Cic 
 
 annual : 1. annlversarius. that 
 occurs every year: a. religious services, 
 a. sacra, Cic. 2. annuus (also lastinj 
 a year) : a. chon<,es, a. comniutationei 
 Cic. : the a. lalniur of husbandmen, a. 
 labor agricolarum, Cic 
 
 annual (fubs.) : |. A plant : 
 
 ♦lierba annua. ||. -4 book appearing 
 annually: *aiinalis liber, or annilis. 
 is, m. 
 
 annually: quOlanms: to pay tri- 
 bute a., stipendium q. pendere, Caes. 
 Phr.: the sun makes tuo turns a., sol 
 binas In singulis annis reversioues facit, 
 Cic: to renew iiiterest a. (I.e. to take 
 compound interest), lenus in singulos 
 annos renovarc, Cic: the chief magit- 
 trate is ap^ioinUd n., sunimus magis- 
 tratiis creaiur annu js, Caes. 
 
 annuitant : *eut annua pecunia 
 pnestaiur, praebetur, minislratur. 
 
 annuity : 1. annila pScunIa : Gut 
 a. vas proi-ided by Anteius, annua p. ab 
 Anteio ministrabatur, Tac : tiie emperor 
 settled an a. on Cotta, Cotiae a. p. statult 
 prlnceps. I'ac 2. annua, orum: Ke 
 J5
 
 ANNUL 
 
 ANSWER 
 
 ANT 
 
 defrauded his n i/e of the a. provided for 
 her, uxorem praebilis annuls Iraudiivit, 
 Suet.: Sen. 3. annuuni : to be- 
 
 queath an a. to any one, alicui an. relin- 
 quere, Papin. Dig. P h r. : L. Apuleius 
 vxi£ engaged by Calvinus for an 0.0/ 
 400,000 sesterces, L. Apuleiu8 a Calvino 
 quadringenis auiiuis conductus est, Suet. 
 aauol: 1. convello, vein, vul- 
 
 snm, i: to a. legal sentences, contracts, 
 ttc, judicia, stipukitiones c, Cic. : to a. 
 the acts of Dulabrlla, acta DoUibellae c, 
 Cic. (also acta dissolvere, pro nihilo ha- 
 bere, CSc. ; a. rescindere, Suet.). 2. 
 deleo, levi, letum, 2: to a. all the lan:s 
 bt/ a single bill, omnes leges una roga- 
 tione d.,' Cic. 3. infirnio, i: to a. a 
 law, legem in., Liv. : Quint. : to a. a 
 contract, contractum in., Dig. 4. in- 
 duce, xi, ctum, J (prop, to draw the 
 stylus over something written In wax : 
 hence to cancel, annul) itoa.a decree 
 of the senate, senatus consultum ind., 
 Cic. ; to a. contracts, locatlones ind., Cic. 
 6. rgtexo, xui.xtum, j : toa.aprae- 
 torship, praeluram r., Cic. 6. '"um- 
 po, rfipi, ruptum, }:toa.a will, testa- 
 mentum r., Cic. : to a. ecficis, edicta r., 
 Hon 7. toUo, sustilli, sublatum, 3 : 
 to a. sentences, judicia t., Cic. : v. to 
 
 ABOLISH, KESCINU, REPEAL. 
 
 annular: *instar anuli (ann.): an 
 a. eclipse, 'talis del'ectio soils ut (at!) 
 instar anuli appareat : as tech. t., *defec- 
 Uo soils annularis. (It '£ remarkable 
 that Seneca when noticing the different 
 kinds of solar eclipses, mentions the total 
 and the partial, but not the annular: 
 N.Q. I, n, 2). 
 
 annulet (in arch.): anulus: Vitr. 
 
 annulling I 1. intlrmaiio : the 
 
 annulment * a. of decisions, m. re- 
 rnm judicauirum, Cic. 2. ab61itio: 
 the a. of a law, legis ab., Suet. 3. 
 Expr. by part, of verb: as, wishing 
 for an a. of the contract, cupidus loca- 
 tionis inducendae : v. to annul. 
 
 annunciation: (only used wiihref. 
 
 to the Virgin Mary) : annuntiatio B.V. 
 (Bealae Virginls) Mariae : Eccl. 
 
 anodyne (subs.): 1. anod^non 
 medicanientum : Cels. 2. toodynon : 
 Marc. Emp. : v. anaesthetic. 
 
 anodyne (a*y)- anOdynos: Cels. 
 
 anoint: 1. ungo (unguo), unxl, 
 lipctum, J (the most gen. term, and used 
 of anointing the person In whole or 
 part ; also with reference to corpses and 
 inanimate objects): he a.'d himself; he 
 took a siesta, unctus est ; accubuit, Cic. : 
 to a. a statue of Diana with unguents, 
 Dianam ungueiitis u., Cic. : to a. the head, 
 caput u., Hor. : to a. a person's limbs, 
 corpse (for burial or the pyre), artus, 
 corpus, u., Ov. 2^ inungo, } (esp. 
 of anointing diseased or weak eyes) : 
 to a. the eyes, oculos in., Varr. : to have 
 one's eyes a.'d, inungl, Hon: to a. statues 
 <m festive days, in. signa festis dlebus, 
 Plin. 3. pgrungo, j (to anoint all 
 over) : to a.' bodies with oil, corpora oleo 
 p., Cic. : Hon : v. TO besmear. 
 
 anointer: unctor: Cic: Mart. 
 anointing (subs.) .- unctio : Pi. : 
 Cic. (or expr. by ger., etc., of verb : v. 
 
 TO ANOINT). 
 
 anomalous: anomillus: a. nouns, 
 an. nomlna, iJlom. : Prise. : v. irre- 
 gular. 
 
 anomaly : anomalla : neither a. nor 
 analogi/ is to'be rejected, neqne an. neque 
 analogla est repudlanda, Varr. : v. irre- 
 gularity. 
 
 anon : I. Inimediately, presently, 
 q. V. : stitim. ||. Sometimes, q. v. : 
 
 interdum. 
 
 anonymous : P b f- : the utter was 
 a., literae erant scrlplae sine nomine, 
 Cic Cat. J, 5, 12: ana. document, pro- 
 positus sine auctore llbellus, Pllii. 10, 96, 
 5 : a. poems, carmina Incertis auctorlbus 
 vulgata, Tac. A. i. 12: very noto- 
 rious a. verses, sine auctore notlsslmi 
 versus. Suet. 
 
 anonymously : P h r. : <Ae work uas 
 published a., liber sine auctoris nomine 
 editus s. propositus est : v. anonymous. 
 
 another • 1. *^Hus : it is one thing 
 id 
 
 to slander, a. to accuse, allud est male- 
 dlcere, allud accusare, Cic. : soTne orna- 
 ments in one place, others in a., oma- 
 menta alia alio in loco, Cic. : one man 
 thinks pleasure a good, a. money, putat 
 aliquls esse voluplatem bonuin; alius 
 autem pecuniam, Cic. : to contrive de- 
 lays (me after a., alias ex allls nectere 
 moras, Liv.: one crime after a., allud 
 super aliud scelus, Liv. : he procured for 
 himself one office after a., magistratum 
 allum post allum slbl peperlt. Sail. 
 With an adverb denoting addition^ 
 ujte more : a. ro'u is added, alius insuper 
 ordo adjlcitur, Caes. : he said that he and 
 a. had been made magistrates, se et 
 alium praeterea factos esse magistratus 
 dixit (cf. Cic. Cln. 8, 2;). 2. alter 
 (only with reference to a single other 
 person or thing ; v. other, the) : lie does 
 nothing for tlie sake of a. person, nihil 
 aiterius causa facit, Cic. : lest any legion 
 should come to the support of a., ne qua 
 legio alter! leglonl subsidio veniret, 
 Caes. : Hor. : Bamilcar, a. Mars, Ha- 
 milcar, Mars alter, Liv. : he respects 
 me as a. parent, me slcut alterum pa- 
 rentem observat, Cic. : v. second. P h r. : 
 at a. time, alias, Cic. : Ter. : on a. day, 
 (formula of deferring business), alio die, 
 Cic. : in a. place, alibi, Cic. : Liv. : to a. 
 place, alio, Cic. : Ter. : in a. direction, 
 aliorsum, Pi. : Geil. : in a. %i)ay, alitor, 
 Cic. : to grant just a. day, Insuper unum 
 diem concedere : v. more. See also the 
 foil, article. 
 
 another, one (reciprocal) : usu. ex- 
 pressed by the reflective pronouns de- 
 pendent on inter : they give a pledge and 
 an oath to one a.. Inter se fidem et jus- 
 jurandum dant, Caes. : the children lore 
 erne a., pueri amant inter se, Cic: they 
 were stealthily looking at one a., illi fur- 
 tim inter se aspiclebant, Cic. : our only 
 hope of safety is the disagreement of 
 those persons u-ith one a., una spes sa- 
 lutis est istorum inter ipsos dlssentio, 
 Cic. : the men are not even knoicn to one 
 a., homines Inter se ne noti quidem sunt, 
 Pomp. ap. Cic : let us be more intinuxle 
 with one a., ipsi inter nos coujunctiores 
 slmus, Cic It is sometimes expressed 
 (1) by a subst. : the association of men 
 with one a., hominum inter homines so- 
 cietas, Cic. (ii) by alius repeated in a 
 different case : we ask one a. whose ship 
 it is, alius allum percontauiur cuja est 
 navls, PI. : tluy ask one a. the cause of 
 tite disturbance, alius ex alio causam tu- 
 multus quaerit, Caes. : they may be of 
 use to one a., Ipsi inter se alii aliis pro- 
 desse possunt, Cic. 
 
 another's ('• e. belonging to another 
 per^'On): alienus : the cliarge of a's af- 
 fairs is troublesome, difficllls est cura 
 rerum allenaruni, Cic. : a.'s wife capti- 
 vates you, le aliena cunjux capit, Hor. 
 
 answer (v.) I. To speak or 
 
 write loith reference to what luis pre- 
 viously been spoken or written: 1. 
 respondgo, di, sum, 2 : (of both spealc- 
 ing and writing : with dat. of person ; 
 ace. of thing, with ad): to a. ques- 
 tions, ad Interrogata r., Cic. : / will a. 
 you point by point, ego tlbi respondebo 
 ad singula, Cic. : Aelius a.'d the speech, 
 orationi respondit Aelius, Cic. : to a. a 
 person who asks for one's advice on a 
 point of law, de jure consulentl r., Cic. : 
 / will first a. your last page, respondebo 
 primum postremae tuae paglnae, Qc: 
 to a. arguments, argumentis r.,Clc. : he 
 a.'d the ambassa/iors that he would taJce 
 time to fleliberate, legatis respondit diem 
 se ad deliberandum sumpturum, Caes. : 
 also absol. : tliey often do not a. at the 
 time, saepe non respondent ad tempus, 
 Cic. : / rose to a., ad respondendum sur- 
 rexi, Cic. : / icill a. for Brutus, (i. e. i\s 
 his representiitlve), pro Bruto respon- 
 debo, Cic. : no one a.'d to his name, ad 
 nomen nemo respondebat, Liv. : they a.'d 
 tliat the Rhine a as the boundary of the 
 Roman empire, responderunt populi R. 
 Imperium Rhenum tinlre, Caes. 2. 
 rescribo, scripsl, scriptum, j (only of 
 writtin answers: with ad or dot.): in 
 tliis letter I have a.'d that which I had 
 
 received, his Uteris ad eas rescripsi quas 
 acceperam, Cic. : a letter from I'ompey 
 was delivered to me ; I immediately a.'d 
 him, redditae mihi literae sunt a Pom- 
 peio : el siatim rescripsi, Cic. 3. r«- 
 fero, tuli, latum, j (rare): to a. a plea, 
 defensloni r., Cic : / a. you, tibl refero, 
 Cic. : Anna a.s, A. refert, Virg. : v. to re- 
 ply. II. To correspond to : Tt^pondeo, 
 2: your good qualities a. the expectation 
 of men, lua virtus opinion! hominum n, 
 Cic. : our good will towards ourjriends 
 fully a.s their good will towards us, nos- 
 tra in amicos benevolentia iUorum ergi. 
 nos benevolentlae pariter aequaliterque 
 r.Cic. : V. TO correspond, agree. |||, 
 To operate or succeed agreeably to our ex- 
 pectations : respondeo : the double vine 
 does not a. well, except in rich soil. 
 geniella vltis non respondet, nisi in 
 praepingui solo. Col. : vines a. better 
 {when propagated by) the layer, melius 
 propagine vltes n, Vlrg. : so of remedies 
 which a. their pur]X)se : Cels. : v. TO 
 succeed. IV. 'Jo pay, satisfy ; q. v. 
 P h r. : the fire of our ships a.'d that of 
 the enemy, *a nostris acriter est respon- 
 sum tells ex hostium navibus conjectls: 
 the ship having betn drawn into the. 
 nhirlpools did not a. its helm, vortici- 
 bus intorta navls gubernaculi impatieng 
 erat. Curt. V. To solve ; q. v. ; cred- 
 iioribus satisfaiere. 
 
 . for; I. To be surety for . 
 
 1. praesto, stiti, stitum or staiuni. i 
 (with ace. ol object) : to a. to the state h'C 
 ones agents, miuistros suos reipubllcin 
 p., Cic. : whidi I can a. for as to myselj , 
 quod de me p. possum, Cic. : who could 
 a. for there being no pirates f praedone> 
 nuUos fore quis p. poterat? Cic 2. 
 recipio, cepi, ceptum, j : / will a. for 
 Cassius and you, pro Cassio et te recip- 
 iam, Cic : v. surety. ||, To sern 
 
 for, be instead of: Phr. : these hedges 
 a. for a wall, haesepes instar muri sun(. 
 Caes. : the place will a. for drawing up 
 the army, locus ad aciem instruendaiii 
 idoneus erlt, Caes. : v. useful, suitable. 
 answer (subs.) : j. a reply : 
 
 1. responsum : a.s to demands, pos- 
 tulatls responsa, Caes. : to give an a. 
 to any one, alicui r. reddere, Cic. : thi 
 a. of the senate, r. senatus, Liv. : to re- 
 ceive an a., r. ferre, Cic. : to beg for an 
 a., r. petere, Hor. 2. responsio (less- 
 frequent) : an interpretation not deserv- 
 ing of an a., interpretatlo indigna re- 
 sponsione, Cic. : an a. to one's own ar- 
 guments, sibi ipsi r., Cic. Phr.: they 
 say that you gice no a., te nihil re- 
 spondere dlcunt, Cic : let him take care 
 what a. he gives about them, videat 
 quid de illis respondeat, Cic : to give 
 an a. on a point of laiv, de jure re- 
 spondere, Cic. : if I were to decline to 
 give an a. to the senator when he asks a 
 question, I should si-em proud, interro- 
 ganti senator! si retlceam, superbus vid- 
 ear, Liv. ||. A legal teply: delensio: 
 an a. to a charge, crimin! d., Cic: tIte 
 whole of what you have said admits of 
 a short a., ad istam oninem orationem 
 brevis est defenslo, Cic : the a. of Cicero 
 d. Clceronls, Suet. . I'lln. |||. A solu- 
 tion (of a problem) : q. v. 
 
 answerable: I. That can be au- 
 sueretl : P h r. : an a. argument, argu- 
 mentuin cui responderi potest. ||. 
 
 Responsible: reus (v. rare): proper 
 plcuxs must be assigned to the command- 
 ing officers, so that eiich man may be a. 
 for guarding his oi'J! post, opportuna 
 loca dlvidenda praefettis sunt ut suae 
 quisque partis lutandae reus sit, Liv. : 
 
 Virg. : T. ACCOUNTABLK, RE.-iPONSIBLE. 
 III. Correspoiideid, proportionate, 
 suited ■ q. v. : cunsenlaneus : conven- 
 iens. 
 answerably : v. confokmablt. peo- 
 
 PORTIONATKLY. 
 
 answerer : responsor : Pi. : respond- 
 ens (in apposition with some subs, 
 expn or understood) ; qui respondet : v. 
 
 TO ANSWER. 
 
 ant: lormica: Cic. : Hm: abound- 
 ing in a»((s, formicosus: as, arbor for- 
 micosa, Plin.: a small ant, fcrmic&U,
 
 ANT-EATER 
 
 ANTIPATHY 
 
 A N T I Q U I TT 
 
 Apul. : ant^ eggs, ova formicarum (cf. 
 Virg.G. 1, J79). an on«-AiH.»Kruraulus 
 fprmicarura. 
 ant-eater: mymiecOphuga Linn. 
 antacid : antacldus, a, um M. L. 
 antae (comerpUlars) : antae, arum 
 (v. Diet. Ant 8. V.) : Vitr. 
 
 antagonism: advprsltas- there is 
 great a. between scnrpimis and lUards, 
 magna a. scorpionibus et strllionibus 
 est, Plin. . aniagoiiismus, i, M. L. : v. 
 
 Ori'OKITION-, HOSTILITY. 
 
 antagonist : adversarlus : Cic. ■ o 
 femah- a., adversatrix, Icis ; I'l. : Ter.,: 
 aniacOiiista. ae, to.: Hier. Phr. : fo 
 refute the arguments of an a., adversaria 
 argiimenta everlere, Cic. : v. opi-onent, 
 
 Al>\ KRSARY. 
 
 antagonist (("ij): v. antagonis- 
 
 TIC. Phr.: an a. muscle, •nnisciilus 
 alteri mu.sculo in actUme oppositus: 
 antagonista, ae, m. : (Mayne). 
 
 antagonistic: contrarius: things 
 mutually a., inier se cuntraria, Cic: a 
 I'ice a. to that virtue, illi virtuti c. viti- 
 um, Quint. : v. oi'i-<)s>-i>. 
 
 antarctic: antarcticus- Hyg. 
 
 antecede : praeeo . v. to precede. 
 
 antecedence: v. precedence. 
 
 aJltecedent (.a^j-) ■ antCcedens, 
 cnlis : a. causes, causae a., Cic. : v. 
 
 PREVIOUS. 
 
 antecedent (•'«&s.) : |. In phiios. 
 
 a cause; antecidens, entis, n. ante- 
 cedents, consequents, antecedentia, con- 
 sequentia, Cic. 2, aniecpsslo: 7tian 
 IS not ignorant of tite antecednHs of 
 things, homo rerum antecessiones non 
 ignorat, Cic. 3. praecurrens, cnti>, 
 n. : the comnencemimts, and as it nere 
 the O.S of things, primcjrdia rfnim et 
 quasi praecurreiitia, Cic. ||. In gram. : 
 •nomen aiitecedens. 
 
 antecedently : v. PREvion.sLr. 
 
 antechamber: 1. atrioium (a 
 
 smaller and adjoining atrium). Cic. 
 Att. I, lo. 2. procoeton, onis, m. {to 
 a bed-room) -. I'lin. 
 
 antedate: Phr: to a. a letter, in 
 Uteris diem vero antiquiorem ascribere 
 (cf. Cic. Q. Fr. }, I, J). 
 
 antediluvian (adj. and subs.) r qui 
 ante diluvium fuit (Snip. Sev. i, 4 uses 
 diluvium for the general or Noachlc 
 deluge). 
 
 antelone: *antiiape: Pallas : *anti- 
 lopus . *caprlcerva. 
 
 antenna (of insects) : antenna: M.L. 
 
 antenuptial : antenuptlalis.e : Just 
 Novell. 
 
 antepenult: syllaba antgpenaltT- 
 ma: Cape II. 
 
 antepenultimate (.adj.).- antgpen- 
 nltlmiis: i)ion. 
 
 anterior: I. More forward (in 
 place): 1, amicus: the a. jKirt, a 
 pars, Varr. : Cic. 2. anterior : Amm. • 
 hulp. Sev.: V. fore. 11 Preceding 
 (m time) : v. previous. 
 ante-room : v. antf chamber. 
 
 anthelmintic: anlbelmiiuicus ; M.L. 
 
 anthem: canrlcum sacrum; *liym- 
 nuselatior: v. song, hymn. 
 
 anther : antbera : M. L. 
 
 anthology : 1. antlioU-igica, orum : 
 Plm. 2. •antheiogia: M.L. 
 
 anthony's fire : pusuia: CuL: v 
 ekysipelas. 
 
 anthracite: anthrScites. ae, m.: IM L. 
 
 anthropophagi : anibiOiiophairi • 
 
 Plin.: v. CAN M UAL. 
 
 antibacchius : antibacchius pes- 
 ler. Muur. : Oiom. 
 
 antichrist : anticbristus : Lact. : 
 
 antichristian : *antichristirinns ; 
 qudd Chribto et doctrinae ejus adver- 
 satiir. 
 
 anticipate : |. To interfere ivitk 
 .to as to prevent : 1. praevjnio, veni, 
 yen turn, 4: dath a.d him uU iie broot- 
 ing over such pUins. talia agent em mors 
 praevenit Suet. 2. praeverto, ti, sum, 
 i : lie said, the fates a. mi; praeverturit 
 inqnit, me fata. Ov. : Liv. 3 ante- 
 "^^r*"' \:. ^?""'"S a-'' (rne), Fannius 
 ""wTf '"• ^"=- 4. oocupo, I : / have 
 OJt tlue. Fortune; I have barred up 
 
 every occeK, occnpavi te, Fortuna ; inter- 
 clusi omnes aditiis, Cic. : Since another 
 had a.d me, so that I could not be OjC 
 first, quoniam occuparat alter, rie pri- 
 mus forem. I'iiaedr. 5. praeDccQpo, 
 I : forftar that one might a. the other 
 (and cut him offi, ne alter alterum prae- 
 occupet, Nep. ||. To take or do before 
 the proper time: \. anllcTpo, i : to 
 a. death, mortem a.. Suet.- the secular 
 games were a.d, secularcs anticipati 
 (sunt). Suet. : you a. the annoyance of 
 that affair, ejus rei molesiiam aniicipas, 
 Cic. 2, praesiimo, sumpsi, sumptum, 
 J .- to a. the duties of heirs, heredum 
 officia p., Plin. : Tac. 3, praeterpo, 
 psi, ptum, } (rare) : anticipated joy. 
 praecerpta laetitia, Liv. Cic. 4. prae- 
 clpio, cepi, ceptum, j : already they men- 
 ially a.d victory, jam animo victoriam 
 praecipiebant, Caes. 5. orciipo, i 
 
 (rare in this sense, and chiefly iMjet.) : to 
 a. crime, i. e. to do it before another, o. 
 facinus. Sen. poet.: to a. prayers, i.e. 
 pray before another, occupare precari. 
 Sen.: Scipio a.d him (Hannibal) incross- 
 iny the I'o, occupavit Scipio Padum tra- 
 jicere, Liv. 6. praeoccupo, i - your 
 speech has ad all that I meant to sat/, 
 quas mihi ipse partes sumpseram, prae- 
 occupavit oratio tua, Cic. : the consuls 
 a.d (the tribunes) in bringing forivard a 
 law, legem consules praeoccupaverunt 
 ferre, Liv. |||, To foresee and take 
 measures in reference to xvhat is fore- 
 seen : 1. antevenio, 4 : to a. the ene- 
 mies' plans, consilia hostium a., Sail. 
 2. anteverto; j : to a. condemnation 
 by taking poison, damnatioiiem veneno 
 a., lac. 3. anlfiCo, 4 : he a.d his con. 
 di-mnation, damnationem anteiit, Tac 
 4. praecipio, j : to a. the enemies' 
 plans, consilia hostium p., Cic. 5. prae- 
 vC-nio, 4: he a.d ttie wish of the ple- 
 beians, desiderium plebis praevenit, Liv. 
 IV. '^'ot to wail for : 1. aiil6capio, 
 J : to a. the night, noctem a.. Sail. 2. 
 anteco, 4 : you have a.d my aye by your 
 honours, aetatem meam honoribiis ves- 
 tris anteistis, Liv. 
 
 anticipating, not : 1. imprudens, 
 entis : they attack the enemy, not a. or 
 expecting them, impnidentes atque iiio- 
 pinantes hostes aggrediuutur, Caes. : 
 Cic. 2. improvidus (with ^en.) ; the 
 Bomans vere approadiing, not a. the 
 coming contest, im. futuri certaiiiinis 
 Romanus veniebat, Liv. : Cic. 
 
 anticipation: \. a taking before- 
 hand: 1. antgoccQpatio (only of an 
 expected objection) : Cic. 2 prae- 
 
 sumptio (the same): Quint. " || A 
 foretaste or foreseeing : praesumpt'lo : 
 the mere a. of xvhat you desire to </et is 
 pleasant, rerum quas assequi cupias, p 
 ipsa jucimda est, Plin. 
 
 anticipatory : Phr.: "pr'iphcy be- 
 
 vng an a. history," (More), *praedictio 
 (pr.iphetia, Tert.), utpote ([Uae in his- 
 toria praesumenda consistit. 
 
 anticlimax : *retiosrailatio ; cllma.\ 
 s. gradatio iiiversa: v. clima.x. 
 
 antics : *motu3 ridiculi, or motus 
 sjimiionis (cf. Virg. G. i, ^50, det motus 
 inconipositos). 
 
 antidote: 1. antldotum, or antl- 
 
 dOtus, i, /. (lit. and fig.'): Gels. : Suet. 
 
 2, alexipharmiicon : I'lin. 3. thg- 
 
 riSca (against the bite of serpent*) "piin. 
 
 antilogarithm : antilogarithmus ■. 
 ^I. L, 
 
 antimonial : *antim5nialis, e : M.L. . 
 a. wine, vinum anliniOnii : M.L. : a. 
 powdfr, pulvis antimonialis or pulvis 
 anlimiinli coinpositus (Mayne). 
 
 antimonv : 1, larbasijn : Piin. 2 
 stihiuin, siibi, or stimmi (prob. a sui- 
 pliiirH of antimony): Cels. : Plin. 3 
 anttnirtnium : M. L. 
 
 antinomian (adj. and subs.) -. *a.n- 
 tinonnis : M. L. 
 
 antinomianism : *doginata or hae- 
 
 resis aiitinLinioniMi. 
 
 antinapal : pripae or papis.idversus. 
 
 antipathy : |. a natural or innate 
 inconipatihility: 1. rfpugnantla: the 
 a. of thi7igs, rerum a., Cic. : Plin. 2 
 odium : there is Uie greatest a. between 
 
 radishes and the vine, odium raphauis 
 cum vite maximum, I'lin. ■ the oak and 
 the olive have an unconrpieraUe a. to 
 each other, quercus et olea peninaci lidio 
 di.-;sident. Plin. 3. antlpailiia ■ Plin. 
 P li r. • there is a kind of natu.al a. f*. 
 tween the kite and the crow, nilivo est 
 quoddam belliim qua.si naiurale cum 
 corvo, Cic. II. .4c<rrno»,/,«/r^<i:q. V 
 
 antiphlogistic : *aiitiphiogisu<-us • 
 
 Al. L. 
 
 antiphonary: antinhongrium- M.L. 
 antiphony: antipiiona: Jsid. 
 
 ^ antiphrasis : aniiphrasi.s, is, f- 
 Dioin. •'■ 
 
 antinodes : I. nose who inhabit 
 the opposite part of the earth : anllpfides. 
 UMi : you say that there are people ,jppo. 
 site to us, on the opposite side 0/ ttie 
 earth, who stand witit feet diametrically 
 opposed to ours, whom you call anti- 
 jmdes, dicitis ess* e regicne nobis, e con- 
 traria parte terrae, qui adversis vesli- 
 giis stent contr.i nostra vestigia, qiiog 
 antipodas vocalis, Cic. || Tlie .mvo- 
 site part of the earth : contraria pars 
 terrae, Cic. 
 
 antipope : antlpapa : M. L. 
 
 antiquarian (adj.) ■. Ph r. : a. zeal, 
 antiquitatis cognoscendae studiuin . a. 
 knowledge, antiquiutis noiitia, .Suet. 
 (But antiqultas includes the entire 
 study of ancient times.) • 
 
 antiquarian )* rerum antiquarnm 
 
 antiquary 5 studlosus : rerum an- 
 tiquarnm literate peritus (cf. Cic. Brut. 
 56, 205) . a very learned a., peritissimus 
 omnis antlquilati.s, Quint : an mthusi- 
 astic a., aiiiiqui talis niinius admirator 
 Quint. 
 
 antiquated: priscus, vistustus; v 
 
 OB.SOLKTE. OLD-FASHIONED. 
 
 antique (adj.): antlquus: vgtus: 
 
 v. ANCIENT, OLD. 
 
 antique (subs.): opus antiqui ar- 
 tificis; raonumentum antiquitatis. 
 Phr.: the.'^e most artistic antiqu's, haec 
 antiqiioopere et summo artihcio facta 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 46. 
 
 antiquity : j. Ancient times : 1 
 antiqultas : stories deiiveii from tfie re- 
 motest a., fabulae ab ultima a. repetitae, 
 Cic. : an extravagant admirer of a., an- 
 tiquitatis nimius admiraior. Quint : a 
 knowledge of a., antiquitatis notitia. 
 Suet. ; o lover of a., antiquitatis amator. 
 Nep. 2. vetustas: history, the mes- 
 senger of antiquity, historia nuntia vet- 
 ustatis, Cic: all the precedents of a., 
 omnia vetustatis exempla, Caes.— Note. 
 Antiquitas is used of things simply u 
 belonging to ancient times: vetusias of 
 what has remained and become old (cf. 
 ANCIENT, 1, 2) : the difference is brought 
 out in the following pas.sage of Cic. : er- 
 rabat multis in rebus antiquitas (bygone 
 
 ages) quam vel usu jam vel vetus- 
 
 tiite (through having b>come old, and »o 
 obsolete) immutatimi videmus, Div. 2, 
 J J. 70. 3, aetas vetus, Cic. Join, 
 vetus ilia atque antlquaaetas. ||. The 
 people of ancient times: 1. antiqiiltas : 
 a. fabulously related, a. fabulose nar- 
 ravit, Plin : Cic. (1. c. siipr.). 2. 
 vgtustas : who ivould believe this, if 
 a. uere not its witness f quis hoc 
 credat, nisi sit pro teste vetustas .> 
 Oy. Met. I, 400. Ill, Tlie remains 
 of ancient times: 1. nniiquitas (Inn 
 antiquita-i is miuh more p.\tinslve in its 
 application than the Knglish an<i7i(i^V.s, 
 including /(istori/ and the origin of na- 
 tiojis) : the Greeks were fond of aJs. lae- 
 tum antiqiiitatibus fJraecorura genus, 
 Tac. : Homan a.s, aiitiquitates Uo- 
 manae. 2 nionunien-a aniiqiiitaiis 
 (al. vetustatis): Cic. doni {2.86; hut 
 here too the relercnoe is to lecords. not 
 existing remains: the phris*- however 
 will include nil that preserves tlie 
 memorj' of antiquity. |V, Ancient' 
 ness: 1. antiqui Lis: the a. of a 
 family, generis a., Cic. 2. vStustas 
 (i. e. old standing) : the reputation and a. 
 of a state, nomen et v. civltaiis. Caes. : 
 they defend tJiemselves by the a. of their 
 possession, not by their riiiht. vemstate 
 possessionis se non jure defenduiit, Cic
 
 A N T I S O O R B U I' 1 C 
 
 A N \ 
 
 APART 
 
 antiscorbutic : amiscorbaticus : M. 
 L. 
 
 antiseptic: antiseptlcus : M.L. 
 
 antispasmodic : antispasmodicus , 
 M. L., 
 
 antispast ('" prosody, the foot 
 ^^ — - ^) ■ antisp:isiiis : Diora. 
 
 antistrophe ; antistrOphe, es, /. : 
 Victor. 
 
 antithesis : 1. contrarium (strictly 
 a contrary thing oTproposilio)), not an- 
 tithesis abstractedly): there is an a. (in 
 the passage), coniraria oy.pnniintur, Cic. 
 Or. 49 : the statement of an a., relatio 
 contrariorura, ib. (in ihis passage he 
 describes such passages as " quae liraeci 
 dfTi'ScTa nominant, quum cuntraria 
 contrariis opponuntur "). 2. coiiten- 
 tio : Cic: Quint. 3. <^""'raposi.um : 
 Quint. 4. distinctlo : Quint. : cuntra- 
 positum is stated by Quint. (9, j, 81) 10 
 b« synonymous with contenlio . where- 
 as distinctio is a peculiar kind of anti- 
 thesis, in which the members are ex- 
 actly balanced, word by word. 5. 
 antltheton (v. Cic. I. c. supr.) : jmlished 
 intitkeses, rasa antitheta, Pers. — .Note. 
 Not antithesis ; which denotes o change 
 of letter : Charis. 
 
 antithetical: Phr. : an a. stale, 
 
 *genus scribendi (onitionis) cnntrapositis 
 refertum : an a. uriter, *scriplor contra- 
 positorura studiosus; or, scriptor qui 
 contrariis contraria opponere solet : v. 
 
 ANTITHESIS. 
 
 antitype : exemplarium : Amob. • 
 Hler. (Antitypum, aiititjiius, are late 
 Latin, but should be used where tech- 
 nical exactness is needed). 
 
 antler: ramus (in connection with 
 comu) : from its top (i e. tlie top of a 
 Singh- horn) spread iciiie-lrranching a.s, 
 ab ejus summo Tami quara late diffun- 
 duntur, Caes. 
 
 antleredt aniosns; the a.y>oms of 
 a long-liwditrg, ramosa vivacis comua 
 cervi, Virg. : I'haeili. 
 
 antonomasia frhet. 1. 1.) -. antono- 
 
 Tnilsia Quint. 
 
 anns : 1. amis : Cic. : Cels. 2. 
 pode.x, ids, m. : Hor. : Juv. : v. funda- 
 ment. 
 
 anvU ' incus. Qdis,/.: unthout brlloivs 
 and a.s, sine foUibus et incudibus, Cic. 
 Fig.: to he hammering the same a., i. e. 
 to have the same thing in hand, i. ean- 
 dem tundere, Cic. : to put verses upon 
 the a. again, i.e. to revise them, incudi 
 reddere versus, Hor. 
 
 anxiety : 1. anxletas : Cic. : con- 
 stant a., perpetiia a., Juv. : mental a., 
 a. animi, Ov. 2. suUicitudo : that 
 affair is a source of a. to me, istaec 
 mihi res sollicitudini est, Ter. : know 
 that I am in the greatest a., scitote me 
 esse in summa s., Cic. : modal a. and 
 fear, s. animi et timor, Cic. : sleep is a 
 refuge from all toils and a.s, somnus 
 est perfugium onmium laborum et s., 
 Cic. : Hor. 3. ctira : a uearied mind, 
 worn out vith a., animus lassus, cura 
 confectus, Ter. : Cic. 4. pavor : a. 
 test the uound should be mortal, pavor 
 ne mortiferura esset vulnus, Liv. 5. 
 scriipus: some a. alaai/s lemains in the 
 minds of the wicked, improbis semper 
 aliquis in animis haeret s., Cic. 6. 
 scrupulus : I'er. : the a.s of domestic 
 carei, domesticanmi sollicitudinum scru- 
 puli.Cic. : v.cARF..— \(iT[:. Ofthealwve, 
 cura is the most gen-ral term, and in- 
 cludes all kinds of •(fnt'il concern : sol- 
 licitudo is restless, haias^singiare ; anxl- 
 etas, keen, distressing anxiety: pavor, the 
 anxiety of alaim (q. v.); scriipus and 
 scrupulus denote the petty, disturbing 
 trouble which worries like a pebble in 
 the shoe : v. also distress, trouhle. 
 
 anxious: I- solicitous: l. an 
 xlus: ill-tempered and, a. old men, senes 
 morosi et a.. Cic. The source or cause 
 of the feeling is expr. by abl., gen., d^, 
 OT clause : a. with anger arulfear, ira et 
 metu a.. Sail. : a. on account of the 
 icarcitv, innpiae a.. Liv.: ii. about hit 
 intellevtiial reputation, de fama ingenii 
 k., Quint. : a. Ust » ar should break out, 
 X ae bellum oriaiur, Sail. 2. solli- 
 }8 
 
 citus- my beauty keeps me a., me mea 
 forma sollicitum habet, PI. : hoiv a. I 
 am as to uhat will happen .' quara sum 
 s. quidnam futurum sit ! Cic. (Concern- 
 ing the diff. between sollicitus and an- 
 xius, compare anxietv, tin.) 3. trg- 
 pidus (i. e. agitated with alarm): a. Dido, 
 t. Dido, Virg. : the senate sad and a. 
 with a double fear, curia moesta ac t 
 ancipiti metu, Liv. ||. Causing, or 
 attended with., anxiety : 1. anxlus : a. 
 fear, a. timor, Virg. : a. caret, a. curae, 
 Liv. 2. sollicitus: a. old age. s. sc- 
 necta, Ov. : a. vealth, s. opes, Hor.: a, 
 Jear, s. timor, Ov. 3. trgpldus : an 
 a. contest, t. certamen. Hot. : in a. cir- 
 cumstances, in re t., Liv. : an uncertain 
 and a. life, incerta et t. \ita, Tac. To 
 make a.,"sollicito, ango : v. to trouble, 
 
 FRET, DISTRESS: V. also TO BE ANXIOUS. 
 
 , to be: 1. laboro, I (usu. 
 
 with ut or ne and clause): he nas a. to 
 unite the other states, animo laborabat ut 
 reliqnas civitates adjuiigeret, Caes. : he 
 is not at all a. about himself, de se nihil 
 1 iborat, Cic. : also with inf. : I am a. to 
 be brief, brevis esse laboro. Hot. : v. to 
 LABOUR, STRIVE. 2. auxium Or solli- 
 citum esse de re aliqua. Join: sus- 
 pense animo et soUicito esse, Cic: esse 
 anxium ac sollicitum, quidnam ..... Cic. 
 
 anxiously : 1. anxiS : Sail. : Suet. 
 
 2. soUicite : Sen. : Suet. 3. trg- 
 pide(i.e. with agitation and alarxi): 
 Liv. : Phaedr. 
 
 any : any one, any thing : 1. 
 
 quis or qui , quae, quod or quid (usu. witf i 
 si, ne, or num : the forms quls and quid 
 are for the most part used substantively, 
 while qui and quod are used adjectively ; 
 so in the compounds aliquis, allqui, etc : 
 quis is less emphatic: than quispiam or 
 quisquam, and lessdefinite than aliquis. 
 It is precisely = Gr. Ti's) : the question 
 is whether any one duty is greater than 
 another, quaeritur num quod officium 
 aliud alio majus sit. Cic: if any one 
 had fallen from his horse, si qui equo 
 deciderat, Ciies. • if any one bring an 
 action against you, si te in Judicium 
 quis adducat, Ci':. : if I have committed 
 any offence against you, forgive it, si 
 quid in te peccavi, ignosce, Cic : lest 
 any danger might befal, ne quod peri- 
 culum incideret, Cic. 2. aliqui o?- ali- 
 quis, aliqua, aliquod or aliquid (usu. em- 
 phatic, and opposed either expres>ly or 
 impliedly to such words as all, much, 
 none, Ac.) : this or any (other) condition 
 of the republic, hie aut aliqui status rei- 
 publicae, Cic. : name any one (or some 
 one) person, ununi aliquem nominate, 
 Cic : any one (or some one) of you, 
 aliquis ex vobis, Cic. : any (or soirve 
 amount of) strength, aliquid virium, 
 Cic : if any one (or some one) person 
 out of many excels, si aliquis excellit 
 unus e multis, Cic. : anything fmal, ali- 
 quid extremum, Cic. : v. some, some one. 
 
 3. ecqui or ecquis, ecqnae or ecqua, 
 ecqnod or ecquid (interrog.) : is there any 
 stiame/ ecqui pudor est .' Cic. : does any 
 one ask for breakfast f ecqui poscit 
 prandio ? PI. : viil any one open this 
 door f ecquis aperit hoc ostium? PI.: 
 Cic. : Virg. 4. quispiam (not differ- 
 ing mateiially from the simple quis, but 
 rather more emphatic: usu. with si): 
 tvhat if any god has willed this f quid 
 si hoc voluit q. deus ? Ter. : nhen any 
 cohort had left the circle, cum quaepiam 
 cohors ex orbe excesserat, Caes. : if for- 
 tune hcLS deprived any one of money, si 
 cuipiam pecuniam fortuna ademit, Cic. 
 
 5. quisquam (L e. o«y single one , 
 as opp. to quivis, any one at ra7idom): 
 is titere any one in the whole ivorld so 
 unfortunate ? an quisquam usquam 
 gentium est aeque miser.' Ter.; this 
 tyrant teas more hateful than any one 
 of the preceding, tetrior hie tyrannus 
 fuit quam q. superiorum, Cic : is there 
 ami human being of whom you have a 
 bitter opinion ? estne q. omnium mor- 
 talium de quo melius existlmes tu? 
 Cic. 6. uIUks (equiv. in force to quis- 
 quam. only iwm adjectivfly. whereas 
 quisquam is used s ibstantii'^ly) : esp. (i) 
 
 in sentences conveyintr a negation, ex- 
 pressed or understood : in no ott.er state 
 has freedom any abode, nulla alia in civi 
 tate ullum domicilium libenas babet, 
 Cic. : to march through (he province 
 without doing any damage, sine uUo 
 maleficio iter per provinciam facere, 
 Caes : he says that he cannot grant a 
 passage to anyone, negat se posse iter 
 uUi dare, Caes. (il) In InteiTog. and 
 hypoth. sentences : is then anything of 
 so much value ( eet ergo uUa res (= qulc- 
 quam) t?.ntl ? Cic. : if any recorwmend- 
 atvm of nine has had weight with you, 
 si ulla roea ipud Ic commendatio valuit, 
 Cic. 7. onmis, e (only with sine: 
 when any = all) : without any danger, 
 sine omni periculo, Ter. : without any 
 wisdom, sine omni sapientia, Cic. 
 Phr.: hardly any one, nemo fere, non 
 fere quisquam, Cic. : v. toll, article. 
 
 any soever, any you please : 1. 
 
 quilibet : any the most trijling circum.- 
 stance soever, quaeiibet minima res, 
 Cic: any name »/(0<<aw, quodlibet no- 
 men, Hor. 2. quivis : they, howevei 
 few, dare to encounter any number oj 
 horsemen, ad quemvis numerum equi- 
 tum quamvis pauci adire audent, Caes. : 
 not any one you please taken at random,, 
 but an oKcomplished connoisseur, non 
 quivis unus ex populo, sed existimator 
 doclus, Cic. — Note. Quilibet and quivis 
 are opp. to quisquam, ullus ; and signify 
 any one at random, all alike: thus, / 
 d/mbt whether any (single) man can do 
 this, is, dubito num quisquam bominum 
 hoc facere possit; whereas, any man 
 (I. e. all indiscriminately) can do this, 
 is, ctyusllljet, cujusvis est hoc facere. 
 
 anywhere: I. inamypiae: i. 
 allcubi (usu. with reference to a ilefinite 
 place) : I wish he n ere anywhere (=some- 
 where) here about, utinam hie prope ad- 
 esset a., Ter. : Cic. 2. usplam (fre^. 
 with si : if in any place: quite indefi- 
 nitely) ; r will search the temple through 
 to see if I can find the gold anywhere, 
 perscrutabor fanum, si inveniam uspiam 
 aurum, PI. : ivhetlier that law is written 
 anywhere or nowhere, sive est ilia lex 
 scripta uspiam sive nusquam, Cic. 3. 
 usquam (usu. with neg.: in any single 
 jdace) : Ter. : for him there uasno place 
 anyt'heie, ei nuUus eral usquam locus, 
 Cic. 4. ubiqug (^ in cdl places): 
 Cic: to avoid everything that is any- 
 where injurious, illud quicquid ubique 
 officit evitiire, Hor. 5. ubivis (any- 
 where you please) : there is no one but 
 ivould rather be anywhere than where he 
 is, nemo est quin ubivis quam ibi ubi 
 est esse malit, Cic ■ Hor. Comp. ant 
 throughout. ||, To any place: 1. 
 quo (usu. with si, ne, num : comp. ant, 
 I): if you wish me to go any n here, si 
 quo tu me ire vis, PI. : Caes. ■ Liv. 
 2. aliquo: v. somewhere. 3. us- 
 quam : nor indeed uas I going any 
 where, nee vero usquam discedebam, 
 Cic. : Hor. : Ov. 4- quOpiam : let 
 PI. 5. quoquam: Cic: Nep.— Note. 
 For the distinction between the above, 
 compare quis, aliquis, quisquam, quis- 
 piam, S. : V. ANY. 
 
 aorist : tempus verbi indefinitum : 
 aSristus. 
 
 aorta (W'« great artery) ; grandis 
 vena cordis, Plin. • iiorta : M. L. (aopTTJ, 
 Aristot.) • arteria magna, crassa arieria 
 (Mayne). 
 
 apace: celeritgr: V. QnicKLT, ba- 
 
 PIDLY. 
 
 apart: sgorsum (adv.): the old man 
 had led me aside, ajiart from the house, 
 me senex seduxit s. ab aedibus, PI. : a. 
 from the body, s. corpore, Lncr : kept 
 a. in custody, in custodia s. habitus, Liv. 
 It is often expressed by an adjective : 
 1, diversus (odj.) : stand a., diversae 
 state, PI. : drive them a., age diveisas, 
 Virg. 2. rarus (= far apart): har- 
 bours far a., rari portus, Caes. : you see 
 that the eaHh is inliabited in places far 
 a., vldes habitari in terra raris in locii, 
 Cic. : ranks far a., rari ordines, Liv. 3. 
 It is often expr. also by the prefixes dii 
 and S€ : as, to stretch a., distendo . for whicti
 
 A P A K T M E N T 
 
 A POPLECTIC 
 
 APPARENTLY 
 
 see TO STBETCH, etc. P h r. : the bars 
 oagld to hn a foot a., clathrus interisse 
 oportet pedo, Cato: beams tito Jeet a., 
 trabes ilistaiites inter se bliios pedes, 
 Caes. : joking a., Joco amolo, Hor. : v. 
 
 SKPABATKI.V. 
 
 apartm'nt : conclave: v. BOOM. 
 
 apathetic: lentus: T amimisldeii'd 
 to (*; too iHXtimt aiid a., niniiiiiii |ialii-ns 
 et 1. e.xistimor, Cic. : u" a. sjki tot'n , 1. 
 sppcUilor, Hor. Ph r. : the veri/ Jnct of 
 'xiug iiltoytthn- a. is more pitiable than 
 'jeing subject In pai7i. id ipsura carere 
 omiii seiisu doloris miseiius est quam 
 dolere, Cic. : v. insensible. 
 
 apathy : 1. lemltudo : not to be- 
 come angry under any circinistances is 
 a piooj not merely of seriousness, but 
 sometimes even of a., omnino non irasci 
 est non solum giavitatis sod nonnum- 
 quam etiiim leiititudinis, Cic. 2. 
 
 stflpor : tliat insensibility of min^, like 
 that of the body, ivhich feels not ivhen 
 it is burning, I should consider a. 
 rather than cnurage, earn aiiinii duri- 
 tiam, .sicui corporis quod quuni urilur 
 noil scnut, stuporem potius qnara vir- 
 tutem ptuarem, etc. 3. iguavia (i.e. 
 apjfUy, showing itself in backwardness 
 and inactwu) : to arouse any one's a. to 
 action,\. aliciyusad opera e.xcitare, Plin. : 
 Liv. 4. apathia : Gell. : v. inactivitv. 
 
 ape : 1. simla : PI. : Cic. 2. 
 slmiu.s: Hor.: Sen. Me ton.: an 
 absurd imitator : l^simla; Pi.: Plin. 
 
 2. .simiOlus : Cic. : v. iMrrATOB. 
 
 ape (!'•) : \"- TO I.MITATE, COI'Y. 
 
 aperient (<i'(?)' 1. aperltivus: 
 M- I'- 2. purgativus, purgaiovTus : 
 iM. L. : V. pnRCATivE. 
 
 aperient (subs.) -. 1. *niedicameii- 
 tuni aiieriiivum : M. L. 2. ilpCrieiis, 
 entis, «.; M. L. 3. catharticmn : M.L. 
 (For classical phrr. v. opening, adj.) 
 
 aperture : 1, fSramen : Cic. : 
 
 Hor. 2. liiatus, iis : Lucr. : Cic. 
 
 3. apertiira : Vitr. : v. opening, 
 
 FISSURE, HOLE. 
 
 apex ; cacvlmen v. tip, point. 
 
 aphelion: *aplielion (only as sclent. 
 t. t.: SO Kr. and Ueorg.) 
 
 aphis : *aplus, idis, m. : M. L. : a. 
 vastator (Mayne). 
 
 anhorism: senteutia: Cic.: Quint.: 
 (aphori>mus only in late Latin), v. 
 
 MAXIII. 
 
 aphoristic : sententiosus : an a. and 
 witty stale ul speaking, s. et arguiuni 
 genus dictionis, Cic. 
 
 apiary : 1. alvearium : to make 
 ayi a. round the nhole of a farm-house, 
 circum villain totam a. facere, Varr. : 
 V. HIVE. 2. mellarium : used by 
 Varr. as equiv. to alvearium or apiaiium, 
 and approved bj' Gell. 2, 2o, fin. 3. 
 apiarium (tlic current word in the time 
 of Gell.): places where bee-hirrs are set 
 are commonly calleii ajnaries, apiaria 
 vulgiis dicit loca, in quibus sint siti 
 alvei apum, Gell. 1. c. : Col. 
 
 apiaster (bee-eater) . apiastra : 
 Serv. 
 
 apiece : there is no distinct Lat. word 
 equiv. to this, but its sense is e\pr. by the 
 distributive numerals, «itli which, by a 
 kind of tautology-, some word answering 
 to our "each," "every," is sometimes 
 employed: we hare received tno maid- 
 servants a., binae singulis sunt datae 
 nobis aiiciUae, Pi. : he begyetl that Apro- 
 nins would not exact for each juger more 
 than three medimna a., pctiil Apronius 
 ne amplius in jugera singula quaiii tenia 
 medimna exlgeret, Cic. : they iienl out 
 with two dresses a., cum binis vesti- 
 tnentis e.xierunt, Liv. : v. each. 
 
 apish: cacozelus: Suet.; v. af- 
 fected, FOl'l'ISH. 
 
 apishness : cacOzelia : Quint. : t. 
 
 AFFECTATION. FOl'PI.SHNESS. 
 
 apocalypse : apocalypsls, is, /. : 
 Tert. : v. revelation. 
 
 apocalyptic : gi^- of aiiocaiypsis. 
 
 apocopated: Phr. : an a. word, 
 *verbum ah e.Mremo nmtilum .«. decur- 
 tatum; verbuiii cui ultima syllaba sive 
 lileraadimitur. 
 
 apocope ■ »p6cCpE, es,/. : Tert. 
 
 apocrypha : "bri apScr^phi ; 'lert. 
 apocryphal : Spicryphus : Teru 
 For til.- more gin. sense, v. lkcebtain, 
 
 DOCIITKLL. 
 
 apodictical : v. df.monstbative. 
 apodosis : ap6d6aU, in,/. : Itonat. 
 apogee : *&pogaeum : only aa sclent 
 
 t. t. : so Kr. and Georg. 
 
 apologetic : Apoiogetlcus : Pert, (in 
 the title of lil.> Defence of Christianity). 
 r h r. ; / have written an a. letter, mo 
 per Uterda e.xcusavl (cf. Cic Fani. 11,15): 
 to make an a. sjjeech for any one, e.\cu- 
 sationem alicujus oratioiie proponere. 
 (But If the reference be to lornmlly a. 
 works, apologeticus should b;- preferred.) 
 
 apologist : I. ^ person who ex- 
 cuses faults or crimes : 1. deprCcator 
 (strictly, one who begs off') ; not only his 
 own a., but my a/xuser too, non solum 
 sui d., sed etiani accusator mei, Cic. : to 
 send ambassadors and a.s to any one, 
 mittere legates et d. adallquem, Cic. ; v. 
 iNTEUcr-iiSoR. 2. excusator : app. 
 
 only in Augustine. 3. e.xpr. by verb : 
 as, to be the a. of vice, *vitia excusare 
 atque extenuare ; * vitiis e.xcusandis 
 atque extemiandis servire : v. to ex- 
 cuse, palliate. II, One who writes 
 in defence (f a person or doctrine : 1. 
 librl apologetici s. apologiae .scriptor: 
 v. APOiA»Gy. (This term may most 
 accurately describe any writer, as a 
 Christian a.: the title of Tertullian's 
 work is Liber apologeticus.) 2. de- 
 fensor : l'. e. CHAMPION, DEFENDER: q. v. 
 
 apologize (unlike the subs., used 
 only when a fault is implied) : 1. 
 excuso, I (with proit. rejiect. when the 
 apology is offered for oneself; the thing 
 apologized for in ace. or with de) : you 
 directed your colleague to a. for you to 
 me by Utter, collegae mandastl ut te 
 mihi per llteras excusaret, Cic: the 
 .Uori7ii a.d for their former design, 
 Morini se de sujierioris temporis con- 
 silio excusarunt, Caes. : / do not a. too 
 much to good men, viris bonis me non 
 nlmis excuso, \.,iC. ; remember to a. to 
 Varrofor my delay in writing, Varroni 
 memiiieris excusare tarditatem literarum 
 mearum, Cic. 2. defeiido, di, sum, 
 J : to a. for any mie's vices on the ground 
 of his youth, alicujus vitia excusatione 
 adolescentiae d., Cic 3. siltisfacio, 
 feci, factum, } : to send ambassailors to 
 a., legatos satisfaciendi causa mittere, 
 Caes. (But satisfacio always denotes 
 the making of such an apologj- or com- 
 pensation as may satisfy the offended 
 party): v. to satisfy; satisfaction, 
 orvE. 
 
 apologue : 1. apOWgus : cic. 
 
 2, labiila: v. fable. 
 apology : 1. J» excuse for a 
 fault: 1. excusatio : areas^onablea., 
 ex. Justa, Cic. : those a.s for your injus- 
 tice have weight with me, illae valent 
 apiid me ex. injuriae tuae, Cta : an utterly 
 inadmissible a., ex. mlnime acclplenda, 
 Cic. : (o no citizen did thei'e appear to be 
 any satisfactory a. for his abseme, ne- 
 mini civi ulla quo minus adesset, satis 
 justa ex. visa est, Cic. 2. satisfactio 
 (denoting such an a. or amends as may 
 satisfy the injured party) : Caesar ac- 
 cepted the a. of the Cbii, Caesar Ubiorum 
 satisfactionem accepit, Caes. : Cic. : v. 
 
 JUSTIFICATION, SATISFACTION. H. -4 
 
 treatise written in deferue of a man or 
 doitrine. 1, apQlogia (atro^oyia) : 
 
 Apul. : Hler. 2. liber apologeticus : 
 Tert. : v. apologetic 3. dSfenslo ; 
 V. defence. 
 
 aponeurosis : 5pCneur6sis, is, /. : 
 M. L. 
 
 apophthegm : sententla : Cic. : 
 Quint. : V. SAVING, maxim. 
 
 anophyge (a>ch. 1. 1.) -. apOphygis, is, 
 /. : Vitr. 
 
 apoplectic : ripoplectlcus, or apo- 
 pleetus: Cuel. .\ur. i apoplectus and apo- 
 pleclicus may both be used of apoplectic 
 persons : but the l.itter only as al>stract 
 term : e. g. an a. habit of body, "corporis 
 haliitus apoplecticus. not apoplectus). 
 1' h r. : he died of an a. stroke, apoplexl 
 arreptus perlit, Capitoi. 
 
 apoplexy : apoplexla, or apOpleZls. 
 is,,'.: Coel. Aur. (Celsus uses tlie Greek 
 form onrc.) 
 
 aposiopepi^ : L iposiopesis, ie 
 /.: Quint. 2. inlerruptio: QuinL 
 
 apostasy : iposlAsla : Aug. : .S;ilv. 
 For the more gen. sign., v. abandon- 
 ment, DUillBTION. 
 
 apoctate : iposlCta, ae, m. : Tert. 
 Phr.: to cmtradict the Church like c 
 Jeir and an a., eccieslae contradicert 
 Judoloe et apostattce. Just. Cod. 
 
 apostatize: apostato, i: Cypr..- 
 •veram rellgionemdeserere or abjurare. 
 
 apostatizing (.o^ij.) : aposiaticua : 
 
 Tert. : un a. mob, plebs a., Sedut. 
 aposteme: apostema, atls, »i..- Plin., 
 
 V. AltM fuss. 
 
 apostle : apostolus : Tert. 
 apostleship : aiiostOlalus, us : TerC 
 apostolic : apostoUcus : tite i. a{/ef 
 a. aeias, Tert, 
 
 apostolically : Phr.: to act a., 
 agere ut apostolus ; a. appointed, ab 
 apostolo (aposiolis) constitntus, etc. 
 
 apostrophe : I. Jn rhet. apo- 
 
 strophe, es, ./. ; Quint. II. In gram. 
 aix)str6phus, \,f.: i)onat 
 
 apostrophize : abmpte compello, I : 
 
 V. TO AI)Illll>.S. 
 
 apothecary \_ mgdlcamentSrlus: 
 Plin.: *;iprjthecarius : M. L. : an a.'l 
 shop, nieiUcina (sc. tabenia) . PI. : 5p6- 
 theca : M.I..: v. DRUGGIST. 
 
 apotheosis : ai)6theosis, is,/.; Tert. : 
 
 V. liEIKICATION. 
 
 apozem : apozSma, atls. n. : Aem. 
 Macer. 
 
 appal : exterreo : v. to TERBtFr. 
 
 appanage : 'apanaglum .■;. apana- 
 mentiim : Mediaev. Lat. : (•• apanagium 
 est certa pen.s|o seu annuus redltus ra- 
 tlone praedli quod dlvisiiinem non 
 recipit. as-signatus secundo genitis, quo 
 sibi pauem [= a maintenance'^ ad victum 
 comparentr' J)u Cange, s. v.) The ap- 
 panage might consist either of the reve- 
 nues of the lands or ol the lands them- 
 .selves, but it reverted to the sovereign 
 in default of male heirs: ib. 
 
 apparatus : apparatus, us : military 
 a., belli a., Caes. : Cic. : siege a., a. op- 
 pugnandarum urbium, Liv. Phr.: a. 
 for refuting ships, quae ad naves refic- 
 iendas usui sunt, Caes. (including 
 materials as well as tools): v. TooiA 
 
 INSTRUMENTS. 
 
 apparel (subs.) ; vestis, vestitus. lis : 
 
 v. DRESS, CLOTHES. 
 
 apparel (v.): vestlo: V. TO DRE88, 
 
 CLOTHE. 
 
 apparent : I. yisible, in tight: 
 aspectabllis (rare), Cic: Spertus, Cic: 
 V. VISIBLE, IN SIGHT. ||, Evident, 
 
 clear: ijiertus, m&nlfestus: v. evident. 
 CLEAR: esp. hi phr. to be apparent: ap- 
 pareo, ul, 2 ; what is right is a., what 
 is exjiedient is yet in the dark, quid rec- 
 tum sit, apparet ; quid expediat, ob(<ca- 
 rum est, Cic : v. to be EvrDF.NT. |||. 
 Seeming (as opposed to true, real): 
 Actus, as-slmulatus, etc.: v. feigned, 
 PRETENDED It may often be expressed 
 by some case of species ; as, " hen 
 any a. advantage is presented, kv are 
 neces.'^arily injluenced by it, cum aliqua 
 species utllitatls objccta est, nos ct>m- 
 moveri necesse est, Cic. Caesar had 
 attached his opponents by a. clemincy, 
 Caesar adversaries clemeiitiae specie 
 devinxerat, Cic : v. apparently. — 
 Note. .\ot to be rendered by sjieciosus, 
 which means handstime, shouy. 
 
 apparently (as opposeil to really, 
 truly) : specie, in speciein, per speciem ; 
 that Demelrias teas a. free ; but Uiat in 
 reality, etc., specie liberam Demctriadem 
 esse, .evera, etc., Liv. : the proceedingt 
 being a. postponed, in reality done an ay 
 with altogether, dllaUi in speciem acUune, 
 reipsasublala,Liv.: Cic: v.ostknsihlt, 
 APPFjiBAXCE. It may also .sometimes 
 be expressed by speciem hal>ere, lerre, 
 1. e. to be apparetitly : as, if what u-as a. 
 honoui able were at variance with whcU 
 seemed to be exjmlient. si id qui>d speciem 
 halwret honesti piignaret cum eo quo4 
 utile videretur, Cic. : tliis man isa.yood, 
 
 39
 
 APPARITION 
 
 APPEARANCE 
 
 APPETITE 
 
 hie speciem prae se fert boni ylri, CIc. ; 
 
 V. FEIGNKDI.T. 
 
 apparition : I. Appearance .- q. V. 
 II, A gliost, phantom 1. slmQ- 
 lacruni : wky do you vainly attempt to 
 ca^h fleeting a.s f quid frustra s fugatia 
 capta»? Ov. : Plin. 2. species, ei,/. : 
 ■nocturnal a.s, iioctiirnae s., Liv. : Ov. : 
 
 V. GHOST, SPECTKE, PHANTOM. 
 
 apparitor : viator : prop, the desig- 
 nation of ofliccrs inferior in dignity to 
 lictors, employed by tribunes and some 
 other mas^sirates (Liv. : Cic): the term 
 was afteiTvards applied to apparitors in 
 law courts: Justin. Inst.: v. Diet. Aiit. 
 and Foicell. s. v. viator. 
 
 appeal ("O •■ I. /-e?"^ ' < ■ 1- 
 
 appello, I (from one magi.strate or court 
 to another ■ in the best writers appello is 
 used without wi, in later writeis with 
 ad): to a. fiom the praetor to the 
 tribunes, a praetore tribunes a., Cic. : ttie 
 praetor was a.'d to, praetor appellaba- 
 tur, Cic. : they a.'d to the emperor, impe- 
 ratorem appellavere, Tac. 2. pro- 
 v6co, I (to the populus in a matter 
 a£fectitig life .- used with ad) : those con- 
 demned Jar high treason a. to the people, 
 de majesiate damnatl ad popuUim provo- 
 cant, Cic. : lea.ve is given to a. from every 
 tentenct and pun ishment, ab omni judicio 
 poenaque provocari licet, Cic. ||, To 
 refer to another for decision: 1. 
 
 appello, I : you too I implore and a. to, 
 most holy goddesses, vos etlam Imploro 
 atque a., sanctlsslmae deae, Cic. : to a. 
 to authorities, auctores a., Plin. 2. 
 provoco, I : how right this is you shall 
 judge ; not to C'ato even will I a., quam 
 id rectum sit tu Judicabis ; ne ad Cato- 
 nem quidem provocabo, Cic. 3. cito, 
 I (with testis): Salamis is a.'d to as 
 witness of the victory, cltatur Salamis 
 testis victoriae, Cic. : / tvill a. to the 
 testimony of all Sicily to this fact, in 
 banc rem testem totam Siciliam citabo, 
 Cic; Llv. (similarly, teste uti aliquo; 
 testimonio alicujus uti, etc. . v. Evr- 
 DENCE, witness). 4. testor, I (used 
 chiefly in poet, and passionate language . 
 esp. of appealing to the gods) : I a. to all 
 the gods as ivitnesses. that I, etc., testor 
 omnes decs, me, etc., Cic: also with 
 testem, / a. to thee ( Venus) as my wit- 
 ness, testem te tesior niihi, PI. • v. 
 w^iTNESS, CALL TO. |||. To implore, 
 entreat, q. v. : oro ; obsecro. | V. ^^ 
 excite, affect (chiefly in phr. to appeal 
 to the feelings): niSveo, conmioveo 
 V. TO AFFECT. Phr,: to a. less vicidly 
 to the feelings, segiilus irritare aninios, 
 For. V. ^^ '^""* recourse to: q. v. . 
 
 InvSco. 
 
 appeal (««&«•)•' I. f'^gaH-t' 1. 
 
 appellatio; all a.s from the judges were 
 made to the senate, onines ap. ajiulicibns 
 ad senatura tiebant, Suet. ■ an a. against 
 the injustice of magistrates, a. ad\ orsus 
 iujuriam magistratuum, Liv. . to make 
 an a., a. interponere, Dig. : to disallow 
 an a., a. improbare, Ulp. : to allow it, a. 
 admittere, Ulp. 2. provocatio (for the 
 difference between this and the fore- 
 going, V. TO appeal) : the right of a. 
 could not te granted to the Ri people, 
 provocatio populo 11. dari non potult, 
 Cic : there shall be right of a. to the 
 people, p. ad populnm csto, Cic. : a. from 
 a commander, p. ab eo qui iraperablt, 
 Cic. (also p. adversus aliquem, Liv.) : to 
 lay an a., p. interpoiure. Pig. : to allow 
 a., provocationi ccdere, Liv. Phr.: a 
 court of a., *Judices ad quos appellari 
 licet; ad quos appellatio est. there is 
 no court of a., *appellatio nulla est. 
 II In non-legal sense: reference to 
 some authority or ivit7ia<s: chiefly in 
 phr. to make an a. to: v. to appeal 
 (II). 111. An address of entreaty; 
 
 obsecratio : v. ENTKi^ATr. 
 
 appear: I. '^^ '"^ visible: 1. 
 apparfio, 2 (=Gr. <^aiVe(T9ai, to be pre' 
 sented to riew): place a thing opposite a 
 mirror, its image a.s, rem contra spe- 
 culum pon;is, a. imago, Lucr . a snake 
 a.'d to Sulla, anguis SiiUae apparuit, Cic. 
 2. coiiipareo. ul, 2 (to he visible , to 
 hi found : whereas appareo is to be be- 
 4° 
 
 fore the eyes) : not a bird a.'d (1. e. was 
 to be seen during the plague), nee ulla 
 comparebat avis, Lucr. : a speech which 
 scarceli/ a.s (i.e. is almost lost) amongst 
 the croivd of books, oratio quae vix c. hi 
 turba voluminum, Cic. 3. conspicior, 
 spectus, ; (1. e. to be descried) : mean- 
 ivhile Metdlus a.s descending the hill, 
 interim M. monte degrediens conspici- 
 tur. Sail.: Caes. ; v. TO see, oescry. 
 
 4, ostendo, di, sum and turn, j 
 (with refl. pron. : of that which presents 
 itself to view) : the cavalry a. {come in 
 sight), equites sese ostendunt, Caes. 
 
 5. exsi8to, stiti, stitum, j (of that 
 which' crnnes forth, usu. suddenly, 
 to view): a rave where they say Dis 
 suddenly a.'d vrith his chariot, spe- 
 lunca qua Ditem ferunt repenie cum 
 curru exstjtisse, Cic. : Liv. (v. TO come 
 FORTH) : mists do not a. in summer 
 or in intense cold, nebulae nee aestate 
 nee niaximo frigore ex., Plin. 6. 
 prodeo, ivi and li, Itum, 4 (i. e. to come 
 forth, q. V.) : to a. on the stage, in sce- 
 nam p., Nep. : to a. in public, in publi- 
 cum p. Cic. (also in medium procedeie, 
 Cic). 7. e.xorior (only of that Which 
 suddenly appears) : v. to arise.— Note. 
 Videor, to appear (= seem) must not be 
 used as equi v. to appareo (v. supr. 1 ) : yet 
 it is employed with reference to what is 
 (or appears to be) seen in dreams, where 
 it is passive : as, what a.'d to him while 
 asleep, quae ei secundum quietem visa 
 sunt, Cic. II. To be present (chiefly 
 legal t. t.) : 1, adsura (ass.), fui . 
 Verres had determined not to a. at the 
 trial, Verres statuerat ad judicium non 
 adesse, Cic. : to a. {as adrocate) against 
 any one, contra aliquem a., Plin. ep. 
 
 2. compare©, i : the slaves did 
 not a. (i.e. were not forthcoming), 
 servi non comparebant, Cic. 3- sisto, 
 stIti, stAtum, i {usn. reflect.) : Aljenus 
 promised that Quintius should a., Quin- 
 tium sisti All'enus promisit, Cic. : he 
 gives evidence that Quintius did not a., 
 testifleatur Quintium non stitisse, Cic. 
 Pb r. ; tofail to a., vadimonium deserere, 
 Cic. |||. To be evident, o)- clear : q.v.: 
 patet : apparet : liquet. |V- To seem : 
 q. v. : videor. 
 
 appearance: !. ^ becoming or 
 
 being visible : adspectus (asp.), vis; the 
 enemy xrere thronn into confusion at 
 the first a. of the liomans. hostes primo 
 a. komanorum perturbati sunt, Caes. • 
 the a. of the stars, a. sidenim, Plin. 
 Phr.: he viakes his a. in public in a 
 state of intoxication, procedit in medium 
 vini plenus, Cic. : you say that you had 
 no opportunity of making your a. in 
 public, prodeundi tibi in publicum po- 
 testatem factam negas, Cic. : v. sight, 
 approach.— Note. The abstract subs. 
 ap;)earaHce may often be expr. by means 
 of a verb ; as, to make one's a. mi the 
 stage, in seenam prodire, Nep. : you are 
 making your a. in the very nick of time, 
 opportune te mihi in ipso tempore os- 
 tendis, Ter,: where to make one's a.= to 
 APPEAB, q. V. II, A beirig present in 
 court : chiefly in phr. to make one's ap. 
 = to appe.vr, q. v, (II). |||. J-ook, 
 visible qualities : 1. species, ei, .f. : 
 the image bears a similar a. and shiipe, 
 speciem ac furmam similem gerit imago, 
 Lucr. • a womaii of pleasing a., specie 
 lepida mulier, PI.; the a. of the ships 
 was more unusual, navium s. erat iimsi- 
 tatior, Caes. . the very beautiful a. of the 
 toiin.s. praeclara oppidi, Cic. . the a. of 
 these men is most respectable, horum 
 honiinum s. est honestissima, Cic 2. 
 facies, ei,/. ; you see as it were the a. of 
 vhat is honourable, tanquam faciem 
 honesti vides, Cic. : this was the a. of 
 Troy, haec f. Trojae erat, Ov. 3. 
 aspectus, lis a more dreadful a., hor- 
 ribiliora., Caes. 4. habitus, fis • the 
 a. of Vie face, h. oris, Cic. ■ v mien. 
 IV. Semblance, mere show : 1. 
 species a fleet splendid in a., but help- 
 less and weak, praeclara classis in spe- 
 ciem, sed inops et intirma, Cic. • a few 
 terUs were lejt for the sake of a., pauca 
 ad speciem tabernacula reiieta sunt, 
 
 Caes. : ana. of virtue, s. virtutis, Cic. : 
 free in a., specie liber, Liv. . v. app.4.- 
 bentlt. 2. frous, tis, /. : I'ompey 
 cultivates the friendship of Scaurus, 
 but whether in a. only or sincerely is 
 doubted. Pompeius Scauro studet, sed 
 utnim fronte an mente dubitatur, Cic. : 
 the first a. deceives many, decipit f. 
 prima multos, Phaedr. 3- simula- 
 crum : an a. of virtue, s. virtutis, Cic. . 
 an a. of freedom, s. libertatis, Tac. 
 Phr.: he assumed the a. of mcuiness, 
 f\irere se siraulavit, Cic. : v. image, 
 SHADOW. V. \^1iat appears -.species: 
 a new and unusual a., nova atque inusi- 
 tata s., Caes. : Cic. Phr.: to observe the 
 a.s of the sky, de coelo servare, Cic. (of 
 augurs, etc.): v. vision, phenomenon. 
 VI. Probability, likelUiood : q. v. 
 appeasable: placahlUs, e. Cic: v, 
 
 PL.4CABLE. 
 
 appeasableness : placabiiltas : Cie. : 
 
 V. PLACABILITY 
 
 appease: 1. pla^o, i (with re- 
 ference to angry or hostile feeling) : to 
 a. the gods, numen deorum p., Caes. : to 
 a. and soften the feelings, antaos p. ac 
 lenire, Cic: Hor. 2. sedo, i {to 
 quiet any agitated feeling): to a. thirst, 
 sitim s., Lucr. • Phaedr. ( v. to quench) : 
 to a. hunger, famem s., Plin. . to a. the 
 feelings of the soldiers, animos militum 
 s., Llv. : to a. rage, rabiem s., Hor. 
 3. compono, p6sili, pOsitum, j (to 
 bring together ; adjust ; reconcile) : to 
 a. the agitated ivaves, motos e. fluctus, 
 Virg. . to a. a tumult, tumultum c, 
 Lucan. 4. mulefio, si, sum, 2 (v. to 
 CARESS, soothe) : to o. any one by uords, 
 aliquem dictis m., Virg. : to a. the waves. 
 fluctus m., Virg. : Veil. 5. mitlgo, 
 I : to a. resentments, iras m., Ov. to a. 
 any one tvith money, aliquem pecunia 
 m., Tac: v. to MrriGATE, mollify, 
 ASSUAGE. 6. expio, I (only in cer- 
 tain phr.) : to a. the manes of the dead, 
 manes mortuorum ex., Cic. : v. to allat, 
 
 to PROPITIATE. 
 
 appeaser : qt" piacat, etc v. to 
 
 APPEASE. 
 
 appeasing (subs.) : plaeatlo ; the a. 
 of the gods, deonim p., Cic 
 
 appellant (o«e who appeals) : ap- 
 pellator: Cic. (Provocator is not found 
 in a corresponding sense so that we must 
 use either the participle provocms, or qui 
 provocat, provocavit ; v. to appeal (1). 
 
 appellate (a^O'.) ■ ^° '^'^^^^ *'°'"'* '■ 
 * quod ad appellationes judiciorum 
 
 attinet. 
 
 appellation- vocabiilum nor is 
 there so great an abundance oj %vorac m 
 our language that all things are named 
 bi) their fixed and appropriate a.s. neque 
 verborum tanta copia est in nostra lingua 
 res ut omnes suis certis ac propriis voca- 
 bulis nominentur, Cic. Hor. : v. name. 
 
 appellative (.adj.). appellativus. 
 
 CTiaris. 
 
 appellatory : appeiiatorius : Ulp. 
 
 append: addo v. to attach, add. 
 (Not appendo, which is to pay to any 
 one.) . . 
 
 appendage : 1. appendix, leis, /. .- 
 
 he saw that the body u an a. of the 
 mind, vidit appendicem animi esse cor- 
 pus, Cic- the cities were a.s as it were 
 to the greater gift, urbes veliit appen- 
 dices majoris muneris erant, Liv. 2. 
 accessio : Epirus has aln ays been a very 
 small a. of the kingdom of Macedonia, 
 minima a. semper Epirus regno Maee- 
 doniae fuit. Liv.. Plin. 3. appen- 
 diciila (ciini.) . this cause is a kind of 
 little a. to the cause alrendy decided, est 
 haec causa quasi quaedara a. causae 
 Judicatae, Cic: v. addition. 
 
 appendix: v. appendage. Phr.: 
 to ivrite a short a. to a book, *libro 
 pauca quaedam subjicere • v. to sub- 
 join. As t. t., * appendix, appendl- 
 
 CUla. V. APPENDAGE. 
 
 appertain: esse (with gen.): p«- 
 Uneo . V. TO uelong. pertain. 
 
 appetence : v. appetite, desire. 
 
 appetite: I. Any natuml desire: 
 
 1, appf'titus, appetitio, appStentia 
 
 (these three cognate words are precisely
 
 APPLAUD 
 
 AP PLY 
 
 AP PO INT 
 
 •ynonyroous in the sense of appetite: 
 but appetitio also denotes the act of 
 •eeking or aiming at something, while 
 both it and appeteutta are of less fre- 
 <|ueiit occurrence) : appetite, uhick the 
 Greeks call opiit], appetitus quae efli opfur) 
 Graece ; appeiitloiies quas illi op/xa? 
 Dominant, Cic. : to control the a.s, appe- 
 Utus regere, sediire, contralnTi', Cic. : 
 unbridled a., efTrenata appetentia, Cic. 
 2. cfipldltas (stronger and more 
 active than the preceding; it usu. de- 
 notes that the particular object of the 
 appetite Is already desired with vio- 
 lence) : V. DEMRK, LUST, LONGING. f|. 
 Actual desire for food : 1. appfitentia 
 (cibl): to provoke the a. by drinking, in- 
 vitare vino a. cilwrum, Pliii. 2. ap- 
 pfititio (the a)nte.\t showing that the 
 reference is ta fond): Gell. 3. ^'o- 
 luntas cibi atpiendi: Gell. 4. cup- 
 iditas cibi : Cels. 5. clbi potionisque 
 avldltas (evidently used of an eager 
 desire for) : Cic; also, avidiUisadcibos, 
 PI. 6. esuritio (stroiiBer than the 
 foregoing and <liMioting actual hungri- 
 ness): Gell. Phr. : to get ah a. by 
 walking, fameni ambulando obsonare, 
 Cic : to haiv. an a. for small fish, pisci- 
 culos appetere. Suet. : / begin dinner 
 tvith a good a., iiitegram famem ad 
 ovum affero, Cic. : to take one's meals 
 vrith a good a., libonter edere, coenare, 
 Cic. : Plii). ep. : to pacify a ravenous a., 
 stomachum latraiitera ienire, Hor. : a 
 good a., jejunus stomachus (fig.), Ilor. : 
 to provoke a. by a vomit, e/acTticiji' agcre, 
 Cic. : the satisfying of a., cibi satietas, 
 Cic. : to have no a. for a thing, fasti- 
 dire aliquid, Hor. : v. HUNGER. 
 
 applaud: I. To express approba- 
 tion by audible signs : 1, plaudo, 
 plausi, sum, j (to clap hands : iiitrans.); 
 noM spectat(nrs, a. loudly .' nunc spectu- 
 tores, clare plaudlte ! PI. : to tire one's 
 hands iviVi a.ing, manus snas in plau- 
 dendo ajnsuniere, Cic. 2. applaudo, 
 i (with ace. OT 1 1 at. ; the latter in Cic.) : 
 to a. aplay, fabulam a., PI. : uliat class 
 of citizens is most a.'d f cui generi 
 civium maxime applauditnr ? Cic. 3, 
 astrepo, iii, } (to a. vonferonsly): the 
 mob a.'d him as he said this, haec 
 dicenti astrept-re vulgus, Tac. ||. To 
 approve, praise; whether by outward 
 demonstrations or not : 1. approbo, 
 I : V. TO Ai"i"RovE. 2. fiiveo, favi, 
 fautum, 2 (with dat.): v. to praise, 
 
 APPROVE. 
 
 applauder; I. ^" theatrical 
 
 sense (v. to applaud, 1.) : 1. plausor : 
 ahireda(clatiiieur), p. redemptus, Petr. : 
 Hor. 2. applausor: Plin. Pan. 3. 
 Expr. by imptrf. part. ; esp. in pi. : as, 
 a great number of a.s, plaudentiuin 
 magnus nunierus: v. to applaud. ||, 
 In a general sense: one icho ap]yroves 
 or praises : 1. laudator : an a. of the 
 past, 1. temporis acti, Hor. : v. praiser. 
 2. fautor: V. FAVOURER. 3. e.xpr. 
 by part. (cf. supr. I. 3.) : as, the croud of 
 a.s, turba faventium, Hor. : to smile on 
 a.s, to hale amsurers, *laudantibus arri- 
 dere, culpantes odisse. 
 
 applause : I. Approbation audi- 
 bly expressed : 1, plausus, iis (a 
 clapping of the hands) : the plebs signi- 
 fied its congralulation to me by very 
 great a., a plebe plausu maximo est 
 mihi gratulatio signlticata, Cic. Phr.: 
 to excite loud a , plausus et clamoros 
 movere, Cic. : to expre.<:s hearty approval 
 of anything by uproarious a., incredibili 
 clamore et plausu aliquid comprobare, 
 Cic. 2. clamor, acclamatio (cheers) : 
 V. ACCLAMATION. 3. asseusio (ex- 
 pression of agreement) : frequent bursts 
 of a., crebrae assensiones, Cic. : the a. of 
 Oie people, assensio popularis, Cic. 4. 
 assensus, us : others perform their parts 
 by a., alii partes assensibus implent, Ov. 
 5. fivor: Panurgus brought a. with 
 him, on to the stage, favorera secuni in 
 scenam attulit Panurgus, Cic: Virg. 
 II. Praise in general: \, laus; 
 V. PRAISE. 2, plausus (fig.): to be- 
 ttoiv a. on any one, alicui plausus im- 
 pertire, Cic. : to fish for a., p. captare, 
 
 Cic Phr.; a speech deserving of a., 
 plausibilis oratiu. Sen. 
 
 apple : malum (including various 
 sorts of fruits, as the orange, peach, 
 etc.': q. v.) : from the eggs to t)ie a.s, 
 i.e. from beginning to end, with refer- 
 ence to the first and the last course, ab 
 ovo usque ad mala, Hor. : Plin. Fin.: 
 t/ie a. of discord, discordiae m., Justin : 
 an a. core, inali volva, Scrlb. : an a. pie 
 or tart, scriblita e.x nialis facta: u. 
 sauce, pulmentum ex nialis conlectum. 
 — .Note. I'onium Is tar more comprehen- 
 sive than malum : v. fruit. 
 
 apple (of 'he e.ye) : v. pupil, kve. 
 
 apple-tree: maius, i, /. .- Varr.: 
 
 Virg. 
 
 aopliance: I. Application, q. v.: 
 Hilliilutio : appositio. ||. Esp. iii/)/.= 
 initrumentsandmateriats : Phr.: all 
 the a.s for refitting ships, (omnia) quae 
 ad naves reliciendias Usui sunt, Caes. : 
 
 V. IN.STBUMENTS. 
 
 applicability : Phr.-. I do not see 
 
 the a. if that argument, *islud argu- 
 mentum quo pertiiieat non perspicio: 
 V. APPLICATION (tin.): there is no doubt 
 of the a. of iron to useful purposes. *iion 
 (iubium est quin magnas ferrum com- 
 moditates ad usum hoiuinuni habeat. 
 
 applicable : 1. conimOdus : no 
 law is a. to all, nulla lex commoda 
 omnibus est, Liv. 2. conveiiien.s, 
 
 ntis: this circumstance (fable) may be 
 a. to the avaricious, haec res avaris c. 
 esse potest, Phaedr. To be a., convCnlt, 
 venit, 4 (impers.) : the insult vas a. to 
 the greatest part of the citizens, contu- 
 melia ad maximain partem civium con- 
 venit, Cic. : v. TO apply. 
 
 applicant: pelUor (chiefly with 
 reference to an o/Z/cc) : Hor.: Macr. : v. 
 
 PETITIONER, CANVASSER. 
 
 application: I. i'>^e act of 
 
 putting to : \, adhibitio: the a. of 
 cupping-glasses, cucurbitarum a.. Marc. 
 Emp. 2. appositio : the a. of a 
 
 cupping-glass, cucurbitae a., Coel. 
 Aur. 3. expr. by part, of verb : as, 
 he supports the lads fleeting life by the 
 a. of herbs, pueri aniniam admotis fu- 
 gientem sustinet herbis, Ov. : to cure 
 by the a. of mpping-glasse.% *cncurbitis 
 adbibitis s. corpori appositis, sanare: v. 
 
 TO APPLY ; EMPLOYMENT. ||. The 
 
 thing applied: expr. by phr.: as, the 
 leaves are employed alone as anextemal 
 a., imponuntur per se folia, Plin.: 
 myrtle ivine is useful as an a., niyrlida- 
 num prodest appositu, Plin. |||. The 
 act of requesting : petitio (esp. for an 
 office): an a. fofr the consulship, p. 
 consulatus, Caes. : Cic: I cannot refuse 
 your a., petitioni tuae negare non sus- 
 tineo, TraJ. ap. Plin. : v. can\ass, re- 
 QUFJ5T. IV. Direction of mind or 
 
 effort : 1, studium : to bestow a. and 
 labour upon any thing, s. operamque hi 
 aliqua re ponere, Cic. 2. sedulitas : 
 Ov. : Suet. : v. industry, devotion . 
 TO devote (oneself). V. Reference, 
 relation: Phr.: vhat then is the a. of 
 this lengthy speech ? quorsum tgitiir 
 haec spi>ctat tarn longa oralio ? Cic. : 
 they confirm these things by explaining 
 the a. cf cacli, haec continuant, inter- 
 pretando quorsum quidque pertineat, 
 Cic. : the a. of th is (a J'aule) is to those 
 who. etc., hoc dictum est illis qui, etc.; 
 hoc pertinere ad illosdixerim. I'haedr. : 
 so, h;iec slgnificat tabula, etc., Phaedr. 
 
 apply : A. l' r a n s. : t. To lay 
 or put on or to (lit. and fig.) : 1, 
 iidhibeo, 2 (with ad or dat.) : to a. heal- 
 ing hands to irounds, medicas a. manus 
 ad vulnera, Virg.. to a. the spur to one, 
 the bit to another, alteri calcavia a., al- 
 teri frenos, Cic. 2. adniOvf'O, niovi, 
 niotum, 2 (with ad or dot.): red-hot 
 plates of metal nere repeatedly a.'d to a 
 Roman citizen, anlenics laminae cin 
 Romano admovebantur, Cic. : to a. elo- 
 quence to the minds of jurymen, animis 
 judicum a. oratlonem, Cic 3. ap- 
 pOno, pflsui, positum, ? (with ad or 
 dat.): to a. a cloak toai'0»nd, paenu- 
 lani ad vulnus a.. Suet, : to a. a candle 
 to the folding doofs, candetam valvls a,, 
 
 Juv. 4. impono, j (esp. of medicaX 
 aj>: with m or dat.): garlic it a.'d ta 
 wounds, allium impunitur in vulnera, 
 Plin. 5. Sliperpono, j (used like im- 
 pono): Cels.; Plin. 6, sul^do, didi. 
 ditum.i (prop, to apply from bineaVi, 
 with dat.) : to a. spurs toa horse, caluiria 
 equo s., Liv. Fig.: to a. incetilivci to 
 tlie intellect, ingenlo stimulos »., Ov. : to 
 a. fire to the irritated minds of the sol- 
 diers, irritatis militum aiilmis s. ignem, 
 Liv. II. To employ for a given pur- 
 pose: confero, tull, latum, } (with ad 
 OT in): to a. booty to Uie cuiornment of 
 the city, praedas in urbLs ornamenta c, 
 Cic. : V. TO employ, devote. III. To 
 refer, use : q. v. |V. To direct one's 
 attention or efforts toivards; L 
 
 confCro, tCiU, latum, j (with refi. pron.: 
 foil, by cuT) : to a. oneself to literature, 
 writing, se ad studla literarum, ad stu- 
 dium scribendi c, Cic. 2. Sdhlljgo, 
 2 : a. your mind, animuni adbibe, Lucr. : 
 a. yourself to true reason, le adhlbe 
 veram ad ratlonem, Lucr. 3. applico, 
 I (with refl. pron. and ad) : the mind 
 a.s itsef to virtue, ad virluleni animus 
 se a., Cic. : to a. oneself to ph ihisophy, se 
 ad philosophiani a,, Cic 4. attingo, 
 tigi, tactuni, j (with acc.of direct object): 
 cbs soon as I a.'d myself to pulilic busi- 
 ness, ut priraura forum attigi, Cic. 
 
 5. incumbo, cubiii, ciibilum, j 
 (implying eartiest application, with ad, 
 in, or dat.) : he a.'d himself to tlie war, 
 in belluni incubuit, Caes. : to a. oneself 
 to avenging the wrongs of the state, ad 
 ulclscendas reipublicae injurias i., Cic : 
 to a. oneself to a new thought, novae 
 cogitation! I., Tac 6. insisto, stiti, 
 } (= Incumbo, with ace., in, or dot.): 
 he a.s himself v holly to the war, totus m 
 bellum inslstit, Caes. : to o. oneself to a 
 task, munus 1., Cic : to a. oneself to 
 studies, studils i., Quint, B. I n- 
 
 trans. : |. To refer or relate to: 
 
 1, accidtt, J (impers., foil, by in) : 
 that expre-ssimi of yours a.s exactly to 
 yourself, Istuc verbum vere in te accidit, 
 Ter. 2. perttneo, 2 (loll, by ad): 
 Oiis art is extensive in its scope, and as 
 to many, haec ars late patet et ad mul- 
 tos p., Cic : he begiiis to see clearly hmo 
 far each thing affects and a.s to himself, 
 quatenus quicquid se attingat ad seque 
 pertineat perspicere coepit, Cic. : this as 
 to those people uho, etc., hoc ad illos p., 
 etc, Phaedr.: v. application (fin.) 
 
 3. convenlo, 4 (with dat.) : this 
 complaint (in a fable) a.s to the man 
 who has been cheated by hope, quern spejj 
 delusit, huic querela c, Phaedr. : v. ap- 
 plicable (2). 4. cado, cfcidi, ca- 
 sum, J (foil, by in and ace.) : theu 
 words a. especially to a man who, etc, 
 in eum choc verbum msixime, qui, etc, 
 Cic. II. To ask the help or advice of: 
 
 1. aggrgdior, gressus, j : / uill a. 
 to I.ocusta (an architect) at Rome, Lo- 
 custam ego Romae aggrodiar, Cic. 
 
 2. convenio, 4 (with ace: to/iaivun 
 intervieiv with any one, whether <>n busi- 
 ness, for advice or otherwise) : Cic : v. 
 INTERVIEW, to have AN. 3. perfugio. 
 confiigio (to a. for protection to any 
 one): v. TO fleb for refuge; also to 
 
 CONSULT. 
 
 appoint: I. ''' make or nomi- 
 nate: with reference to offices: (a.) 
 chiefly public: 1. ergo, i (esp. of the 
 people electing, or the consuls holding 
 the election): v. TO make, creatf. 
 2. facio, feci, factum. J : these 
 cmisuU were a.'d, hi consules facli sunt, 
 Cic. : to o. any one heir, aliqueni here- 
 dem f., Cic : v". to make. 3. desipiio. 
 I (esp. of the j^opl' ap]>oiiitlng magis- 
 trates) : that those shoubt hold the decemr 
 virate nhom the people a.'d, ut ii decem- 
 viratum habeant quos plebs deslgna- 
 verit, Cic. : esp. in phr., consul, praetor, 
 deslgnatus: Le. a.'dto,but not yet en 
 tered ml an office: v. elect. 4 
 deslino, i (sim. to designo. but esp. 
 used of arbitrary appointments) : to CL. 
 a king in room of I'acor-us, regem in 
 Pacori locum d., Liv. (Liv. also has 
 consules destiaarc, lo, 2i ; but tha 
 
 41
 
 APPO 1 N TM E N T 
 
 APPROACH 
 
 A P P R O P K I A T E 
 
 word there rather means to mark out 
 for the office.) 5. praeticio, feci, 
 
 fectum, J (to a. to a command with 
 dot.) : to a. an;/ one to the command of 
 the fleet, aliquem classi p., Caes. : Clc. : 
 to a. to the conduct of the uar, aliquem 
 imperatorem bello p., CSc. : v. to set 
 OVER. 6. praepono, posui, positum, } 
 (with dat: i. q. 5) to a. an;/ one governor 
 of a proinvce, aliquem provinciae p., 
 Cic. : to a. ary one to the supreme com- 
 mand, aliquem summae rerum p., Just. 
 Phr. ; to a. a mayistrate in the place 
 of another, magistratum suflficere, Liv. : 
 V. TO SUBSTITUTE. (6.) chiefiy personal 
 and private: 1, statuo, ui, iilum, }: 
 he teas a.ing me arbiter in this matter, 
 arbitrum me statuebat hujus rei. Cic. 
 2, constUuo, J ; Caesar hod a.'d 
 Commius king, Caesar Commium re- 
 gem constituerat, Caes. : Cic. : to a. 
 guardians for minors, tutorcs ptipillis 
 c, Dig. 3. instituo, j : to a. a guar- 
 dian, tutxjrem in., Cic : to a. any one 
 heir, aliqu<m hcredeni i., Cic. (Of the 
 three preceding words, consiituo is the 
 n>ost widely used in the sense of to ap- 
 point : instituo seems to be chiefiy used 
 of appointing a guardian or heir : statuo 
 is more frequently = to fix, settle, de- 
 termine : q. V.) 4. scribo, psi, ptuni, 
 J (to a. by ivriting) : he had publicly 
 made a iHll and a.'d him heir, testa- 
 mentum palarn fecerat et iilum heredem 
 scJipserat, Cic. : to a. aguardian to one's 
 children, tutorem liberis suis s., Cic: 
 Hor. 5. ascritio (ads.). ; : to a. a 
 guardian to o son, tutorem filio a , Cic. : 
 
 V. TO NAME, NOMrSATE. ||. To Jix, 
 
 settle, determine : q. v. 
 
 appointment: I. The a/:t of 
 
 appointing : 1. crSatio : the a. of 
 magistrates, c. magistratuuni, (Jic 2. 
 designatlo : Tac 3. ordinatio : .Suet. 
 Phr.: the a. of magistrates teas trans- 
 ferred to the senate, comitia ad I'atres 
 translate sunt. Tac. : the a. of lieute- 
 nants re!:ts nith the commander, *jus 
 legatorum praeficiendorum penes im- 
 peratorem est. II. An agreement to 
 meet: constitutum : he replied that he 
 had an a. u-ith you, rescripsit c se 
 tecum habere, Cic. ; if you hare any a. 
 tvith the gout, cmitrive to put it off till 
 another day, si quod c. cum podagra 
 habes, fac ut in alium diem differas, 
 Cic. ; V. AGREEMENT. |||, A Command, 
 direction, q. v. |Y. Equipment, q. v. 
 apportion : divido, visi, visum, J : 
 to a. places to the commanding officers 
 loca praefectis d., Liv. : to a. tiro farms 
 to two sons, duii praedia natis duobus d., 
 Hor.: to a. tim.es for business and 
 amusements, tempora curarum remis- 
 Blonumque d.. Sen. : v. to distribute, 
 
 ALLOT. 
 
 apportioner: divisor: v. distribc- 
 
 TOR- 
 
 apportionment : divisio : v, dis- 
 tribution, ALLOTMENT. 
 
 apposite: 1. appositus: a/i«fo/' 
 argument most a. to a judicial investi- 
 gation, argumentatio appositissima ad 
 judicationem, Cic. 2. aptus- argu- 
 menls a. to each kind of causes, argu- 
 menta apta singulis c\usarum generibus, 
 
 Cic: V. Al'Pl.KABLR, SUITABLE, FIT. 
 
 appositely : 1. appSsite : to speak 
 a. for persuasion, a. ad persuasionem 
 dicere, (^c 2. fipte ■ to speak a. and 
 rhythmically, a. numeroseque dicere, 
 
 Cic. : V. I'ERTINENTLT, FITLY. 
 
 appositeness : Phr.; all Ms re- 
 marks vere cliaracterized by o.,* nihil 
 dicebatnisi quod ad rem apte pertineret; 
 nisi quod convenienler in rem caderet . 
 V. TO APPLY (B.). 
 
 apposition (in gram:)-, appositior 
 M.L. 
 
 appraise : aestlmo, i : v. to valite. 
 
 appraisement: aestimatlo: v. as- 
 sessment, VALUATION. 
 
 appraiser: aestimator V. VALUER. 
 
 appreciable: ae.stimalillis, e (v. 
 rare) : Cic. Fin. J, 6, 20. Phr. the in - 
 fluence of that circumstance is so small 
 as to be hardly a., 'tarn parvo est ea res 
 momento, ut vlx id aestimar! possit. 
 42 
 
 appreciate : aestimo, I : he highly a.s 
 his awn injiue^ice, is auctoritatem suam 
 magni a., Cic: more precisely, when to 
 a. = to form ajust estimate of, *juste, 
 ex aequo aestimare ; tantidem aestimare 
 qumti aequuro est. 
 
 appreciation : 1. aestimatlo : 
 a mast just o., aequissima a. (based on 
 Cic, who has aequissimus exisiimator et 
 judex, Fin. j, 2, 6) : the a. of virtue, a. 
 virtutis, Cic. 2. dif^natio: v. respect. 
 
 apprehend: I. 'J'" arrest: com- 
 prghendo, apprehendo : v. to arrest. 
 II, To comprehend, conceive: 1. 
 percipio, cepi, ceptum, j : verj' often in 
 combination with some oiher word, as, 
 aliquid p. et coniprehendere, compre- 
 hendere et p., cognoscere et p., Cic. 
 
 2. comprehendo, di, sum, } (usu. in 
 this sense with some such word as 
 animo, cogitatione, or with another verb, 
 v. snpr.) : animo etcogitiitione c. aliquid, 
 Ci€. : V. TO GRASP (II), comprehend. 
 
 3. arripio, ilpui, reptum, i (to a. 
 quickly): children quickly a. innu- 
 merable fajcts, pueri celeriter res iiinu- 
 merabiles a., Cic. : to a. quickly uhat is 
 taught, quod doceatur celeriter a., Cic. : 
 
 V. TO COMPREHEND, CONCEIVE. |||, 
 
 To believe, be of opinion; q.v. |V, 
 To entertain fear of future evil : spero 
 (a neutral word), timeo, mfituo, vereor : 
 V. TO EXPECT, FEAR. — NoTE. Appre- 
 hendo is not found in any classical 
 writer in the sense of to apprehend 
 mentally. 
 
 apprehension: I. The act of 
 
 arresting : 1. comprghenslo : the a. 
 of the guilty, soniium c, Cic. 2. 
 
 pr6hensio or prensio : the tribunes of 
 the people had the right of a., tribuni 
 plelMs prensionem habebant, Att. Capit. 
 et Varr. ap. Gell. : v. arrest. ||, Con- 
 ception, ciimpi ehension, understanding ; 
 q.v. Phr.: a man of quick a., hnmo 
 perspicax, Ter. : persrms untaught and 
 .'./oiyo/a.,indoctistolidique,Hor. — Note. 
 As piiilos. t. t.. Sir W. Hamilton gives 
 apprehen^io simplex (i. e. simple appre- 
 hejision), " das Begreifen " (Reid, p. 
 708, a). III. Opinion, notion ; q. v. 
 IV. Fear of future evil: spgs, ei. 
 /.(a neutral word): the rejility v:as bad, 
 the a. much itorse, res mala. s. miilto 
 asperior, Sail. : he found the rest safe, 
 cotitrary to his a., cetera contra s. tvilva 
 invenit, Liv. : Lucan : v. fear, ex- 
 pectation. Phr. : / shall not cease to 
 have a.s about Carthage, until I hear 
 that she is rased to the ground, non 
 desinam vereri de Carthagine, donee 
 penitus excisam cognovero, Cic. 
 
 apprehensive : timidus : v. fearful. 
 
 apprentice : 1. discipuius : Pi. 
 Aul. i, I, 4 (the Eng. word signifies 
 prop, a learner, from apprendre). 2. 
 tiro : Cic. : a young ap., tirunculus. Sen. 
 3. alumnus : as ap. to a shoemaker, 
 sutrinae tabernae al., Tac. A. 15, J4. 
 More definitely, and in the legal sense ; 
 *puer artiticio aliciii in certiim tempus 
 addictus ut ejusdem peritus fiat (The 
 mediaeval authors use apprenticlus, from 
 Fr. apprendre : e. g. " apprenticii quo- 
 que multi, relictis magisiris suis, illuc 
 accurrebant,'' Hen. de Knighton, ap. fm 
 Cange, s. v.) 
 
 apprentice (' ■) = *puerum artifici 
 addicere ut artem ejus discat. 
 
 apprenticeship: tirocinium, .Sen.: 
 *pueri addictio ut artem quampiam 
 discat : an indenture of a., *acconven- 
 tatio : M. L. (Penny Qyc s. v. appren- 
 tice) ; also indentura. whence our word 
 is derived ; the mediaeval WTiters use 
 apprenticiatus or apprenticietas for ap- 
 prenticeship : V. Du Cange, s. v. 
 
 apprize : doceo : v. to inform. 
 
 approach ie.) ■ \, To come or go 
 near in place : 1, accedo, cessi, 
 
 cessum, } (with ad, dot. [rare], or ace.) : 
 the pirates begin to a. Syracuse, prae- 
 dones a. incipiunt ad Syracusas, Cic. : to 
 a. the walls, muiis a., Liv. : he a.s the 
 places, loca accedit. Sail.. Virg. 2. 
 advento, i (prop, a frequent, v. : to be on 
 the point (tf arriving : v. to arrive) : 
 you ought to be a.ing, and to be already 
 
 close at hand, tu a. ac prope adesse jam 
 debes, Cic. : Caes. Fig. disaster was 
 a.ing the city, urbi clades adventabal, 
 Liv. 3. proptnquo, I (rare and chiefly 
 poet. : with dat.) : the day of fate a.s, 
 Parcarum dies p., V^irg. : Tac. : v. to 
 NEAR. 4. iippropinquo, 1 (with ad 
 or dat.) : to a. the mountain tops, ad 
 Juga montiuni a., Liv. : the soldiers a.'u 
 the enemy, milites hostibiis appropin- 
 quarunt, Caes. Fig.: to us freedom a.s, 
 nobis libertas a., Cic. 5. appgto, ivi, 
 ituni, J (esp. absol. of seas<ms of the 
 year, etc. : v. inlr. II) : v. to make for, 
 DRAW NIGH. 6. insto, stlti, stitum, i 
 (of that which is imminent) : v. to 
 PRESS ON. 7. admoveo, movi, motum, 
 2 (with exercitum, copias, etc., and loll, 
 by ad or ace. alone : of course only of a 
 military approach) : Hannibai, hood a.'d 
 Lacinium, Lacinium H. admoverat co- 
 pias, Liv. Phr.: to prevent the enemy 
 Jrom entering harbours or a.ing the 
 shore, hostem portibus et litorum ap- 
 pulsu arcere, Liv. ||. To come near 
 in respect of time : 1, appfito, } : 
 
 the sevetith day n as a.in^, dies appetebat 
 Septimus, Caes.: the spring uas a~ing, 
 ver appetebat, Liv. 2. appropinquo, 
 1 : winter uas a.ing, hiems appropin- 
 quabat.Caes. 3. insto, i : the public 
 games are a.ing, instant ludi, Cic 4. 
 incedo, j : darkness uas a.ing, tenebrae 
 incedebanl, Tac. |||. To approximate 
 to, resemble: 1. accedo, j (with ad 
 or dat.) : in nothing do men a. nearer 
 to the gods than in conferring safety 
 upim their ftllows, homines ad decs 
 nulla re propius a. ad deos quam sa- 
 lutem hominibus dando, Cic : J'hilip 
 a.'d nearest to Antonius, though at o 
 wide interval, Antonio Philippus proxi- 
 mus accedebat, sod longo intervallo, Cic. 
 2. aspiro, i (liu to approach near 
 enough to be able to breathe on) : 710 one 
 ciin a. Africanus in warlike renoun, 
 bellica laude aspirare ad Africanum 
 nemo potest, Cic. 
 
 approach (subs.) : |. The act of 
 approaching (of place or time): 1. 
 accessus, us : ana. to the city by night, 
 a. noctumus ad urbem, Cic. : the a. and 
 diparture of the sun, soils a. discessus- 
 que, Cic. ; an a. to a subject of discus- 
 sion, a. ad causam, Cic 2. adltns, 
 lis : a. to Antony is said to be more 
 difficult, a. ad Antonium diflicilior esse 
 dicitur, Cic. : v. access. 3- adventus, 
 Us (usu. = arrival, q. v.) : the a. of 
 evils, malorum a., Cic 4. appulsus, 
 us (prop, of the a. of a ship to the shore : 
 hence of other kinds of o. which are 
 characterized by forcible motion) : the a. 
 of the sun, a. soils, Cic. 5, appro- 
 pinquatlo (of time only) : Die a. of death, 
 mortis a., Cic. ||, A means of ap- 
 proaclting : 1. accessus, vis: to ex- 
 amine every a., omnem a. lustrare, Virg. 
 2, aditus, lis : a gently sloping a., 
 leniter acclivis a., Caes. : he carefully 
 inquires about the a.s and roads iido the 
 country of the Suevi, aditus viasque in 
 Suevos perquirit, Caes. 3. appulsus, 
 us, m. (of the a.s to a place by sea) : the 
 isla7id of the Batavi, on account of its 
 convenient a.s, insula Batavorum ob 
 faciles a., Tac. |||. The vorks by 
 means of which besiegers draw near to 
 the place besieged: 6p6ra, um (including 
 the entire siege-uorks) : the Gauls some- 
 times made atteinpts upon our a.s, non- 
 nunquam opera nostra Calli tentare, 
 Caes. ; Liv. 
 
 approachable : ■^'- accessible. 
 
 approbation : 1. approbatio (not 
 probatio: v. proof): assent and a., 
 assensus et a., or assensio atque a., Cic: 
 the unbounded a. of men, ingens a. ho- 
 minum, Liv. : to excite a., a. movere, 
 Cic. Fig.: love sneezes out h is a., amor 
 stemuit approbationem. Cat. 2. 
 comprObatio (v. rare) : the a. of ivhat is 
 hunourable, c. honestatls, Cic. v. appro- 
 val. 3. laus: V. praise.— Note. 
 For approbation expressed with outward 
 signs and gestures, v. applause. 
 
 appropriate (f.) |. To set apart 
 for a particular purpose : 1. dica,
 
 APPROPRIATE 
 
 APT 
 
 A J{ B 1 T K A K J I, T 
 
 I : read on, I a. the service of tov ears 
 to you, recita, aurlum operani tibi dico, 
 Pi. : ice a. the nhole of this day to iioii, 
 hunc tibi totum dicamuii diem, Cic. : v. 
 
 TO DEDICATE, DEVOTE. 2. fliCO, dlxl, 
 
 dictum, i . to a. all one's monei/for a 
 dowry, pecuniam omnem suani doti d., 
 Cic: V. TO 8ET APART. ||. 7V talcf 
 
 for oneself (fsp. in exclusion of <jtliers ) : 
 1. arrOgo, i (1. e. tn claim prfnuiap- 
 tuousiy) : with dat. of pr on. njiat. : 
 what they a.frori other iri^en's iwrit, 
 that they do ttot alhnv tn me fnmi my 
 own, quod ex aliena vlrtutc slbi arro- 
 gant. Id mihi ox niea non conceiluiit, 
 Sail. 2. itscisco (aiis.), scivi, ,<citum, 
 i (without any Invidiou.s sense : v. to 
 ADMIT, ADorT): with dat. o{ pron. re- 
 flect.: which neither earth nor sicy has 
 a.d, quae neque terra .sibi a.scivit ncque 
 ma.ximus aether. Lucr. : to a. a loun, 
 sihi oppiUuni a., Cic. : tn a. the praise of 
 eloqnena-, eloquentiae lauilem uni sibi a., 
 Tac. 3. attrecto, i {to lay hands on 
 dishtmeslly) : to a. the Iciny's tnasures, 
 regiiis gazas a., Liv. 4. vindico, i (tu 
 assert a claim : v. to claim): w\ih j)ion. 
 reflect. : each one a.s soinr part if irhat 
 remains, ceterarum rerum partem ali- 
 quam sibi quis<iue viiidiait, Cic: to a. 
 the great'T part of (the merit of) a 
 victory, victoriae majorem jiarti'm ad se 
 v.. Liv. 5. siinio, sumpsi, sumptuin, 
 }: with da<. of }>roH. rejle-t.: to a. the 
 functions of a commander-in chief, sibi 
 Imperatorias partes s., Caes. 6. 
 
 »ssumo. J (constr. same as sumo) : to a. 
 to oneself nhat (me has taken from 
 anotlier, quod alteri quis detraxerit sibi 
 a., Cic. (Both in thio and in tlie lore- 
 going word, the notion of trronfifulness 
 lies not in the verb, but in the context: 
 in another place Cic. has, si Id mihi as- 
 sumo, videor id meojure quodam raodo 
 vindicare, i. e. " If I takf thusm ch to 
 mysrtf, I seem therein t'l be i» a manner 
 claiming my ouit right," Off. i, i, 2: 
 similarly with vindico and other words, 
 tlius, to a. to oneself excltis' ret'/ the title 
 nj philosopher, may be expr. by sibi uni 
 nomen philosophi Inscribeie, ct. Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, 26, 7?). 
 
 appropriate (ad;.): |, fiehnging 
 peculiarly to, peculiar : proprius : this is 
 the a character of a letter, that it in- 
 forms him to irhnm it is adilressed of 
 circumstances not knonm to him, hoc est 
 epistol:ie propriuin, ut is ad quern scri- 
 bitur de his rebus quos ignoret, certior 
 fiat, Cic. : v. peculiar. ||. Suitable : 
 tongi uens, cutis (with dat.) : an action 
 a. to the mind, c. actio menti, Cic. : a fit 
 and a. style of speaking, genus diceiidl 
 aptum etc., Oic.; v. apposite, scitable, 
 
 FIT. 
 
 appropriately: v. apte, congru- 
 enter: v. htlv, suitably. 
 
 appropriateness ; convgnientia : 
 oongruentla : v. .scitableni:ss, FiTNtas. 
 
 appropriation: usu. exp. by ger. 
 or other part of verb : e. g. they resolved 
 an the a. <>/' the money to building a tem- 
 ple, *statuerunt tenipluni e pecunia aedi 
 ficare : by the a. of irhat one has taken 
 from another, *\i quod alteri deira.xerit, 
 Bibi assumendo : v. to AfPi;oi'RiATE. 
 
 approval : 1. approbatlo : Cic. : 
 Liv. 2. comprobatio: Ci;-. : v. ap- 
 probation. Phr. : I am glad that my 
 books meet ivith your a., lib is (nieos) 
 tibi probari gaudeo, Cic. : not to meet 
 with the a, of the multitude, n<m probari 
 in vulgus, Cic. : not irithout Ihe a. of the 
 gods, non sine dis, Hor. : wiVioat the a. 
 of Jove, Jove non probante, Hor. : without 
 the a. of Mnierra, as the saying is, i.e. 
 in opposition to your genius. Invita, ut 
 aiunt, Minerva, i '. est, adversanie et 
 repngiiante natura, Cic : Hor. 
 
 approve : I I'o regard as right 
 and (sometimes) to command: 1, 
 priSbo, i: I greatly praise and a nf your 
 plan, istam rationemlaudo vehc inenier 
 et p., Cic: to a. of a place, locmn p., 
 Cic. 2. apprSho, i : the R. people a.d 
 q^ mi/ oa.'A, populiis R. raeimi Jusjuran- 
 dum approbavit, C.c : they a. the speech, 
 orationem approbant, Caes. : Liv. 3. 
 
 comprObo, i : / very strongly a. of that 
 opinion of yours, istam tiiam scntentiani 
 vchimentls>lme comprobo, Cii. (The 
 foregoing words are nearly equivalent, 
 but comprobo Is ihe strungest.) 4. 
 scisco, .scivl, licituni. ? (usu. ol the sanc- 
 tion of the people In its legislative 
 capacity): the consuls I eynlly asked the 
 ussent ol the {lenpl*, ami Ihepeople legally 
 a.d, consoles pupuluni juri' rogaverunt. 
 popultwqui- jure mlvit, Cic 5. a- 
 Bclsco. ; (r.ire in this sense: v. to 
 ADMIT, ADOPT): the Latins a.d irhat the 
 H. ]>eople had directed, quod popiilus H. 
 jiis.vrat. l.,aiini asciverunt, Cic. 6. 
 aiiniio, ui, } •.with (tat.: chiefly poil.) : 
 (I. my hold un'tertalcing, audacibus 
 annue coeptis, Virg. Phr : t/i a. ol an 
 alliance, socielatem ratam (."acere, Liv. ■ 
 your procie.dinys irill be a.d by me, Ista 
 rata iiiihl erunt, Cic: / do not a. (f the 
 transaction, iiullcni factum, Ter. : Cic. : 
 thai (jwet) is a.d by all, who blends the 
 useful and Oie agretable, onii>e tulit 
 puncti'.m qui miscuit utile dulci, H»r. : 
 do yini a. nf everything f tu nihil repre- 
 heiidis? Hur. : I should like them to a., 
 quibui haic arridere velim, Hor.: to a. 
 irith itutirard signs, clapping, etc., 
 plaudo, applaudo: v. to applaud. 
 II. Til prore, show oneself to be: v. 
 
 TO I'ROV E. 
 
 approved (.(tdj.)-. jpectattw: most 
 illusiriiius and a. men, clarissimi et 
 spectatissimi viri, Cic. : v. proved, 
 TUIED. 
 
 approver: I. 0}>e irho approves -, 
 1. probator : uhat difference is 
 there lietn een Ihe adviser and the a. of a 
 deed/ quid interest inter suasorem 
 facti et prcibatoreni ? Cic 2. appro- 
 bator: you tcere the a. of my journey, 
 profectlonis meae a. fuisti, Cic. 3. 
 comprObator: Cic: v. praiser, ap- 
 plauder(II). II, One ) ho gives evi- 
 dence against an accomplice: index, 
 ids (prop, an informer), may be used 
 when the context serves to define it : 
 Cic. : but perhaps the pbrase, index 
 idem et testis (Tac), Is preferable still 
 more definite would be, correus (Nep.) 
 idem et testis. 
 
 approximate (adj.): prdpinquus: 
 proximus ; v. near, next. 
 
 approximate (t-): accedo: v. to 
 approach (111). 
 
 approximation: Phr.: the most 
 
 successful of human pruductions are 
 ontya.s to perfection, *vel optima homi- 
 num opera ad perfectionem propc (jui- 
 dem accedcre possunt, non tannm eam 
 attingere : the nearest a., *quod proxi- 
 nium est: v. next, nearest. 
 
 approximative : Quod propeaccedit. 
 appurtenance: appendix: v. ap- 
 
 Peni)A':e. 
 
 appurtenant : v. belonging to, 
 annexed. 
 
 apricot: malum armenlacum or 
 armfnium (or without malum): Col.: 
 an a tree, anngniSca: Col.: Plin. 
 
 April : Aprilis, is, hi., or mensls 
 Aprilis, Cic : the ]sth oj A., Aprlles idus, 
 Ov. : the 1st of A., kalendae Apri les, Caes. 
 
 apron: I. --l" article nf dress: 
 
 I. praecinctorium : Aug. (of the fig- 
 leaf '■ aprons " in Genesis). 2. suc- 
 cinctorium : Aug. — Note. Both the 
 abi>ve words are post-class. : the use of 
 the tunic appears to have rendered that 
 of an apron unnecess;\ry. The words 
 subligaculum, sublifjar, campestre, de- 
 note a kind of drawers, not an apron. 
 
 II. A flat piee of lead to cover the 
 vevt of a cannon: Sperciilum or OpCri- 
 mentum (both used by Cici'to In the 
 general sense of "covering "). |||, A 
 covering used to protect the legs ol per- 
 sons riding in ojvn vehicles: operciilum 
 or opprimentum (v. No. 11). 
 
 aprODOS : opportunely, seasonably; 
 q. V. Phr.: a. of that (introducing 
 something connected with what was 
 l)efore mentioned), quod ad lUud at- 
 tinet ; quod dicis, quod dictum est, etc: 
 V. AS FAR as. 
 
 apsis : absis or apsis, idis,/. : Plin. 
 
 apt : I. fit, suitable, adapted. 
 
 appropriate : aptus, idoneus, appfialtllB: 
 V. fit, suitable, adapted, apfbo- 
 PRiATE. II, Inclined, prrone ; pronua^ 
 propensus: v. inclined, prone. Phr. : 
 thaJe is a. to be hurtful to singert, 
 solet esse gravis cantantibus umbra, 
 
 Virg. : V. TO be ACCUSTOMED, WONT. 
 
 Ajit to may sometimes be e\pr. by a 
 derived acljectlve: as, a. to get into a 
 passion, Iracundus, iracundior : a. to 
 
 forget, immemor: for which see the 
 nearest adj. 
 
 aptitude : i- P- natural tendency or 
 
 fitne.'^s : 1, habllius (v. rare) : tlie aj 
 of the body, habilitates cor[)ori>, Cic 
 2, Ingcniuui (i.e. ability, genius; 
 q. V.) : a. J or invention, ad fiiig.ndura 
 i., Cic: v. FITNt-SS.SUITAIiLENf.V5. 
 
 aptlr : ai)te, apposite: v. ijTLr 
 
 SUI rAIW.V, PERTINEXTLV. 
 
 aptness: I. l-'ituess, suitableness, 
 q. V. cunvenientia • congruentia. ||. 
 Aptituiie, tendency, pi opnisity ; q. v. : 
 hiibilltiis: jiroclivlias. |||. Quick-neu, 
 reuti i ncss : q. v. : sollertTa 
 
 aptOteS {indeclinable nouns): apUJ. 
 ta. n.jilu. : Ilium. 
 
 aquafortis : * acldum nltilcam : 
 M. 1.. 
 
 Aquarius : Aquarius : Cic 
 
 aquatic: 1. aqjatills, e: a. 
 
 aniiiKil.-i, l«-,>tlaea.,Cic. ; iquatllia, lum : 
 Plin. 2. aquaticus: the a. lotus, 
 aquatica lotus, Ov. : a. birds, aves a^ 
 Plin. 
 
 aquatinta : *caelatura in acre ope 
 acidi riitriii lacta. 
 
 aqueduct : 1. aquae ductus, us : 
 Cic: I'lin. : 2. aqiiarum ductus, us : 
 Plin.— .NiirE, An aqueduct is also olten 
 called aqu I when its projier desigimtion 
 is added : as, Aqua Marcia, A Julia, etc.: 
 v. Diet. Ant. pp. loq, sqq. 
 
 aqueous : aqualllis : ftquosua : v. 
 
 WAtERY. 
 
 aquiline: I. Pertaining to tht 
 
 eagle: aquilinus: PI. ||. Booked 
 
 like an eagle's beak: aduncus: an a. 
 nose, nasus ad., Ter. : Hor. 
 
 arabesques : * omamenta more 
 Arabum Irondibus et floribus distincta 
 (Kr.); *picturae monstra (cf. Vitr. •], 5, 
 j) ; rerum quae nee sunt nee fieri pos- 
 sunt nee fuerunt imagines (Georg.). Of 
 these phr. the first seems preferable ; ai 
 the Arabesque ornamentation is bast-don 
 foliage : the two latter (G.) are far too 
 vague. Perhaps *Saracenica omamenta 
 may be used as t.t.: or. •omamenta 
 Saracenica, more festivlssimo floribus et 
 foliis cujusvis generis distincta. 
 
 arable land : 1. arvum : tn«a- 
 
 dows and a. lands, prata et arva, Cic : 
 the .Vumidians pay more attention to 
 green crops titan to a. land, Numidae 
 pabulo pecoris magls quam arvo student. 
 Sail. 2. Sratio: Plin. 3. irati- 
 uncula (« small piece of a. land) : PI. 
 
 arbaUst: arcubalUsta: Veg. 
 
 arbalister: arcaballlstarius: Veg. 
 
 arbiter: I. Legal t.t.: v. arbi- 
 TRATou. II. In gen. one icho decides 
 on any dijferences: arbiter, tri: an a, 
 betneen the old Academy and Zeno, a. 
 Inter antiquam Academiam et Zenonem, 
 Cic: I'aris, the a. of beauty, Paris, a. 
 lormae, Ov. |||. Agovernor, master: 
 1. dOmlnus: v. i/jRd, master. 2. 
 arbiter : Mars the a. of arms. Mars ar- 
 morum a., Ov. : the a. of a kingdom, 
 regni a , Tac : the gods, the a.s of power- 
 ful nations, dil potcntium populorum 
 arbitri, Tac 
 
 arbitrarily ; '■ e- according to one's 
 meje will or caprice : 1. ad arbi- 
 trlum (with adj. pron.): the Roman 
 people is accttsUfmed to rule the aim- 
 queied a., populus H. victis ad suum a. 
 imperare consuevit, Caes. 2. *•! 
 
 Iibldinera (also with adj. pron.): to 
 harass any one a., ad 1. suam ali((uem 
 vexare, Cic 3. ^x libidlnf : frtune 
 renders all things renowned or o>'Scun, 
 a. rather than in accordance iciih fact, 
 fortuna res cunctas ex 1. magls >iuam ex 
 vero celebrat obscuratque, Sail. 4. H- 
 bidlnose : nhat he did a.,u;hat wickedly, 
 what cruelly, quae ille 1., quae nelarie. 
 
 4J
 
 AKBITKARY 
 
 ARCH TV ES 
 
 ARGTTE 
 
 fuae crudeliter fecit, Clc: Sail.: v. 
 
 ABSOLnTF.LY, DESPOTICALLY. 
 
 arbitrary: |. Depending on the 
 mere ifill: libldinOsus : very a. acquittaU, 
 libidinosissimae Uberatlonea, Clc. P h r. : 
 an a. punishment, •poena ex Ubldine 
 Bumpta. In philos. language : the voli- 
 tions of the mind are not purely a., 
 •voluntas bominis non ex mera animi 
 libldine pendet ; voluntates nostrae non 
 omnino temerarlae sunt, s. temere fiunt. 
 II, Absolute, despotic; q. v. : lnip8rl- 
 osus superbus. 
 
 arbitrate : discepto, l: to a. between 
 the people and the king, inter populum 
 et regem d., Liv. : Cic. : v. to decide, 
 
 JUDGE. 
 
 arbitration: 1, arbitrium: a 
 
 judgment is one thing, an a. another, 
 aliui est Judicium, aliud a., Cic. : an a. 
 respecting a dovjry, a. rei uxoriae, Cic. 
 2. arbitratus, us : Cato : v. de- 
 cision (v. also foil, art.) 
 arbitration, pertaining to : arbi- 
 
 trarfus : Gai. : Ulp. (in certain phr., as 
 Judicium, actio, a. : i. e. a case in which 
 arbitration, or as we say equity, is exer- 
 cised by the judge). 
 
 arbitrator : 1, arbiter, tri : also 
 arbiter litis : Cic. : our neighbours here 
 are at variance about tlieir bmindaries, 
 and ham chosen me as a., vicini nostri 
 hie ambigunt de finibus; me cepere a., 
 Ter. ; also arb. sumere, adigere, and in 
 less formal sense (Att. 15, i, 2), statuere, 
 Cic. : to appoint an a. to two parties, 
 aliquem arbitrum dare, Cic. Off. i 10, 
 Jj : to have recourse to an a., ad a. adire, 
 confugere.Cic. : Caesar, as their commtm 
 friend and a., wished to settle tlve dis- 
 putes of the Hngs, Caesar volebat pro 
 communi amico atqiie arbitro contro- 
 versias regum componere, Caes. 2. 
 disceptator : a private a., domesticus 
 A., Cic. : be says that he has been chosen 
 a. between the father and the son, 
 disceptatorem, ait, se sumptum inter 
 patrem et tiliuni, Liv.: v. umpire. 
 Note. Disceptator is less frequent than 
 arbiter, and appears especially to be 
 used of non-legal disputes. Cic. com- 
 bines the two (Kam. i j, 26) " te arbitro, 
 et quod eommodo tiio (ieri posset, te 
 diEC/Jtotoreuterentur," where the latter 
 word perhaps refers to the more careful 
 discussion of a case. 
 
 arbitrement : arbitrium : Jfldicl- 
 nm: V. arbitration, decision. 
 
 arborescence : *sppcies arbori si- 
 
 milLs quae in metallis apparere solet. 
 
 arborescent : * arborescens, entis : 
 M. L. 
 
 arbour : 1. umbraciilum : Cic. : 
 Virg. 2. trichila: Virg.: Col. 
 
 arbute: I. The tree-. 1, arbii- 
 tus, i, /.: Virg.: Hor. _ 2. arbutum : 
 Virg. 3. un6do, onis, to.: Plin. 
 
 II. The fruit: \, arbutum: Lucr. : 
 Virg. 2- arbiitSus fetus : Ov. 3. 
 fingdo: Plin. 
 
 arc : arcus, fis : 1. 1. : v. arch. 
 
 arcade : 1. portTcus, Ss,/. ; v. por- 
 tico, colonnade. 2. Janus, i, TO. ; the 
 top or bottom of the a., j. summus, 
 imus: Hon.: Cic: Liv. — Note. Jaims 
 was prop, the name of a particular 
 arcade in the forum, but the term was 
 also applied to all arched passages (" Jani 
 dicebantur omnes transitiones perviae, 
 sive aedificia fornicata et pervia," For- 
 cell. s. v.). 
 
 arch {subs.): l. fornix, icis, to.: 
 the Fabian a., Fablus fornix, Cic. : a.s 
 in a wall, fomices in miiro, Liv. Fig. : 
 the a.s of the sky, fornices coeli, Enn. 
 (censured by Cic.) 2. arcus, us : a 
 low a., humilis a., Ov. : a marble a., 
 marmoreus a.. Suet. : Tac. : a black a. of 
 ■waters (i. e. the Curved billmvs), niger a. 
 aquarum, Ov. Phr.: constructed on 
 a,S, or adorned with them, fomicatus: 
 V. ARCHED. — Note. Fornix and arcus 
 are both used In the sense of a tri- 
 umphal arch, but the epithet triumph- 
 atis rarely, if ever, occurs in the clas- 
 sical writers. 
 
 arch (i') : 1, arcuo, i : i. e. to 
 conttruct in tht form of an a. (rare) • 
 44 
 
 the (millipede) which does not a. itself in 
 creeping, ilia quae non arcuatur, Plin. 
 29, 6, J9 (where it is opposed to arcuatim 
 repere, a little before^ : an a.'d cliariot, 
 arcuatuB currus, Liv. : a,'d uvrk (of an 
 aqueduct), arcuatum opus, Plin. 2. 
 conc&mfiro, cSmftro (rare) : v. to vault. 
 
 3. confomlco, i (rare): to a. cells, 
 buildings, cellas, structuraa c, Vitr. 
 
 4. Perhaps better than the above 
 in ordinary lang., fomicibns instruere, 
 sufFulcire: v. to cukve, vault. 
 
 arch (adj.): 1. argutus: an a. 
 
 oraiior, a. orator, Cic: a. sayings, a. 
 
 dicta, Cic. 2. lascivus: v. playful. 
 
 3. mSilus (comice): the a. one has 
 
 hid lierself, delituit mala, PI. 
 
 archaeological : P h r. : a. learning 
 ^ archcLeology, q. v. : the A. Society, 
 *Societas Archaeologica. 
 
 archaeologist: *doctus uteris mo- 
 
 numentisque antiquitatis : a very emi- 
 nent a., 'vir literarum monumentorum- 
 que antiquitatis peritissimus. 
 
 archaeology: peritia ,■!. scientia 
 literarum nionumentorumque antiqui- 
 tatis (cf. Cic. pro Dom. 32, 86). 
 
 archaism : \. Qf a single word: 
 1. verbum priscum et inusitatum: 
 Cic. 2. verbum obsoletum : Cic 
 
 3. verbum priscum ac vetustun. et 
 ab usu quotidiano sennonis jam diu in- 
 terniissum: Cic.de Or. j, j8, i;;. 4. 
 verbum a vetustate repetitum : Quint. 
 
 5. verbum ab obsoleta vetustate 
 sumptum : Quint. ||, Of' a phrase, or 
 st;/le • *locutio obsoleta (of a phrase) ; 
 •antiqua ac niniis vetusta oratio; obso- 
 letum dicendi genus (of a style). 
 
 archangel : archangel us : Hier. 
 archbishop : archiepiscOpus : Cod. 
 Just 
 archbishopric : * arcMSpiscCpatus, 
 
 us: M. L. 
 
 archdeacon : archidiacflnus : Hier. 
 
 archdeaconry : I * archidiacfina- 
 
 archdeaconship : ' tus, us : M. L. 
 
 archducal : to be expr. by gen. of 
 archidux. 
 
 archduchess: *archtdux: M. L. 
 
 archduchy : *arch1ducatus, vis : M.L. 
 
 archduke: *archidux, duels : M.L. 
 
 arched : 1. fomicatus ; Cic. : 
 
 Plin. 2. arcuatus: Liv.: Plin.: (v. 
 to arch, 1). Phr.: an a.'d roof, ca- 
 mera : Cic. : Sail. 
 
 archer: I. a bowman: sSgitta- 
 rius: Caes.: Cic. ||. The constella- 
 tion Sagittarius : 1, Sagittarius : Cic : 
 Plin. 2. sagittifer, eri: Manil. 3. 
 arcitenens, entis : Cic. 
 
 archery : tlie practice or art of a., 
 ars, usus sagittandi. Curt. PiiT.: they 
 teach them riding and a. with great 
 industry, equitare et sagittare magna 
 industria decent, .Just: in poetry, sa- 
 gittal: as, to be dreaded for thine un- 
 erring a., certametuende sagitta, Hor.: 
 so Tac, tlieir only re.iource is their a., 
 sola in sagittis spes, Ger. 46. 
 
 archetypal : archetypus : Juv. 
 
 archetype : archetypum : Varr. : 
 
 Plin. : v. TYPE, IDE.A.. 
 
 archiepiscopal : * archiSpiscopalis, 
 e: M. L. 
 
 arching (subs.): fornTcatlo: t!ie a. 
 of the-iralh, f. parietum, Vitr.: Sen. 
 
 archipelago: I. in gen. sense: 
 *niaro insulis crebrum ; *celebritas in- 
 sularum. ||, The Aegean sea, Aegeum 
 mare : Cic. 
 
 architect : 1. arcWtectus . Cic. : 
 an a. ought to have a knowledge of 
 literature, literas architectum scire 
 oportet, Vitr. 2, architecton, onis ; 
 PI.: Sen. (For the general sense, v 
 contrh'er, maker.) Phr. (poet.) : the 
 architect of the universe, mundi opifex, 
 Cic: V. framee. 
 
 architectural : architectonlcus : 
 Vitr. 
 
 architecture ; 1. archltectiira : 
 Clc: Vitr. 2. arcMtectenJce, es,/. : 
 Quint 
 
 architrave : Spistyiium : Vitr. 
 
 archives : I. Records : 1. ta- 
 biilae : the public a.s, t. publicae, Cic. : 
 Liv. 2. tabellae : the public a.s, pub- 
 
 licae t, Cic. : Liv. ||, The place in 
 tvhich records are kept ; tabiilarium : v. 
 
 BECOBD-OFFICE, REGISTRY. 
 
 archly: argute; PI.: Cic. 
 
 archness : 1. argutlae {of liveli- 
 ness and keenness) : there is gome a. in 
 her babbliru), ejus loquacitas habet all- 
 quid argutiarum, Cic. 2. protervitag 
 (usu. in bad sense, but implying less 
 reproach than petulantia or procacitas): 
 pleasing a., grata protervitas, Hor. 
 
 archon: archon, omis: Cic. 
 
 archpresbyter : arcblpresbyter, 6ri-. 
 Hier. 
 
 archpriest: pontifex masimus: V. 
 
 PRIEST. 
 
 arctic: 1. arctlcus: the a. circle, 
 a. circulus, Hyg. 2. arctous: an <u 
 race, arctoa gens. Mart. : v. nobthebn. 
 
 Arcturus : Arctums : Cic : Virg. 
 
 ardency : v. ardour. 
 
 ardent: I. Lit: fiery, hot: 
 q. V. : ardens. ||, Fig.: of that which 
 has the appearance of fire ; ardens : or of 
 the mind, fervidus, calidus: v. fiert, 
 
 ardently : ardenter : to desire a., 
 a. cupere, Cic. : v. warmly, eagerly, 
 passionately. 
 
 ardour: I. Heat: q. v. : calor: 
 ardor. ||, Hagemess, passion : 1. 
 ardor : the a. of the soul towards glory, 
 a. mentis ad gloriam.Cic: the a. of the 
 soldiers, a. militum, Liv.: to quench, 
 the a. of detires, restinguere cupiditat- 
 uma., Cic 2. fervor: mental a. and 
 excitement, f. concilatioque animi, Cic : 
 a. of feeling, f. pectoris, Hor. : youthful 
 a., f. aetatis, Cic. 3. incltatlo : a. of 
 mind, animi in., C!aes. : mentis in., Cic. : 
 
 V. PASSION, WARMTH, FKRVOUK, FIRE 
 
 (IV. fin.). Epith. : acris, vehemens, 
 divina, tanta, Cic. 
 
 arduous : I. i^fty ■ q- v. : altus : 
 celsus. II, Difficult; ardiius: loe at- 
 tempt a great and a. task, magnum opus 
 et a. coiiamur, Cic. : they thought nothing 
 teas a. fir them, nihil arduum sibi ex- 
 istiniabant, Caes.: Hor.: v. difficult. 
 
 arduousness : difiicultas : v. diffi- 
 culty. 
 
 area : \. -in open space, esp. arownd 
 or attached to a building : area (prop. 
 a clear space vnthin a city suitable for 
 building on, but also used of any open 
 spare before, behind, or in the middle of 
 a mansion) : to occupy and build upon 
 open areas, vacuas a. occupare et aedifi- 
 care. Suet. : Cic. : ue tat in the a. of the 
 house (for security in apprehension of 
 an earthquake), resedinius in a. domus, 
 Plin. ep. : an a. on either side of the 
 house, a. ab utraque parte aedium. Dig. 
 II, In geom. superficial content: 
 1. area: Gell. 2. superficies, ei, 
 /.: Plin. 
 
 area, a small : areola : Plin. ep. 
 
 arena, i- e. the open space in^ the 
 centre of the Roman circus : 1. arena: 
 Suet: Juv.: hence fig.: the seme or 
 theatre of any Icind of contention: an 
 a, for civil war, civilis belli a., Hor.: 
 Plin. 2. pulvis, eris, to. (poet) they 
 control the chariots in the a., doniitant in 
 pulvere currus, Virg. Fig.: the a. of 
 the forum, forensis pulvis. Quint — 
 Note. For the fig. sense of arena, cf. 
 FIELD (III.). 
 
 arenaceous : arenaceus, Plin. 
 
 areola : *are6la : the a. of the breast, 
 areola papillaris : M. L. (P.) 
 
 argillaceous: argillaceus: a.earlh, 
 a. terra, Plin. : v. clayey. 
 
 ArgO (constellation): Navis Argo- 
 lica ; Argo, us,/. : Cic. 
 
 argonaut : argonauta : the ship of 
 the a.s, navis argonautarum, Cic. 
 
 argonautic; argbnautlcus (the pi. 
 Argonautica is the title of some poems 
 on the A. expedition): in other uses 
 exp. by gen. pi. of Argonauta. 
 
 argosy: magna navis oneraria: v. 
 
 MERCHANTMAN. 
 
 argue: A.lntrans.: I. To 
 reason : 1. argumentor, 1 : why sluMld 
 I a. further on a point about which no 
 one can doubt f quid porro argumentor 
 qua de re dubitare nemo possitf Ci&: 
 ! you a.d that this was a mark of lort,
 
 A R GU E R 
 
 ARITIiMETICAL, 
 
 ARM 
 
 argumentatus eg amoris hoc esse slgnum, 
 Cit : also used with occ. of neut. pron. : 
 he a.d at length in supprrrt of that view, 
 mnlta in earn partem arf^nicntatus 
 (est), Liv. : Cic. 2. dispiito, i : they 
 a. on the opposite side, contra disputant, 
 Cic. : to a. vith any one upon any thing, 
 d. de aliqua re cum allqiio, Cic. 3. 
 diss6ro, sCrui, j : to a. tiith any one, 
 cum aliquo d., Cic: the custom of a.iiig 
 about everything on opposite sides, 
 consuetude de omnibus rebus in con- 
 trarias partes disserendi, Cic. : v. to 
 DISCUSS. (Both this and the preceding 
 wotxl imply the careful sifting of a sub- 
 ject, and notmerely disputation.) II. To 
 infer : q. v. B. Trans.: Tu discuss : 
 q. V. P h r. ; to argue a cause, causam 
 agere or dicere, Cic. 
 arguer ; disptitator : a subtle a., d. 
 
 SUblillS, Cic. : V. DISPUTANT. 
 
 argument : I. -^ rmson alUged in 
 xujiport or pronfof any proposition! 
 
 1, arKUincntum : an a. is a reason 
 which gains assent to a doubtful matter, 
 a. est ratio quae rei dubiae iacit (idem, 
 Cic. : you shoiv by many weighty a.s that 
 there are gods, niultis et gravibus a. 
 deos esse doces, Cic. : he etideavouri-d to 
 refute these piisilions by instances rather 
 than by aj, ea exemplis magis quam 
 argumenlis conabatur relfUere. Cic. : to 
 amplify an a., a. dilatare, Cic: the force 
 of an a., \'is argumenti. Quint. : an as- 
 semblage of aj, cOTiRregatio argu- 
 mentoruni. Quint. : some aj it is not 
 enough merely to state ; they must be 
 supported, quaedam a. ponere satis non 
 est; adjuvanda sunt, Quint.: rrry jx>ir- 
 erful a^, poientisslma a., Quint. To 
 prodtu:e or allege a.s, argunicnior, i: / 
 shall not produce those circumstances 
 as a.s, weighty as they are, ilia non 
 argimientibor. quae sunt gravia vehe- 
 menfer, Cic. : to produce jrrobable aj, 
 probabiliter a., Liv.: v. to argue (I). 
 
 2. ratio: Cic: v. kbason. ||. A 
 debate, discussion : q. v. ; disputatlo. 
 
 Ill, T/ie subject of a discourse or 
 literary production : argumentuni : the 
 a. of this tragedy, a. hujus tragoodlae, 
 PI. : the a. <f a play, fabulae a., 'I'er. : 
 the a. of a letter, epistolae a., Cic. So 
 Milton: "rine to the height of this great 
 a.," *ad res tantas tamque excelsas eniti : 
 V. subject. IV. ^" abstract or 
 
 summary: q. v. : epitome. 
 
 argumentation: argumentatio; a. 
 is the unfolding «/ an argument, a. est 
 argumenii explicatii), Cic: subtle a., 
 subtilis a., Quint, (or expr. by ger. of 
 argumentor) : v. reasoning. 
 
 argumentative : ratiocTnatlvus : 
 an a. inquiry, r quaestio. Quint.: an a. 
 style of speech, *oratio argumentis crebra 
 »c referta. 
 
 argumentatively : Phr.: to speak 
 a., *argumentis uti : sermone argumen- 
 tis crebro uti. 
 
 aria (mns. 1. 1.) -. cantTcum : v. air. 
 
 arid : artdus, siccus : V. DRV, 
 fabched. 
 
 aridity: aridltas, slccltas: v. dry- 
 mess. 
 
 Aries (constellation) : Aries, 15tis, 
 w. : Ov. : Hyg. 
 
 arietation : arlStatlo : Sen. 
 
 aright : recte : v. rightly, cor- 
 eectly. 
 
 arise: I. To mount aloft : snhUm- 
 em abire , in sublime ferri, etc. : v. to 
 ASCEND, Moi'NT. ||. To rist (of hea- 
 venly bodies and of rising from bed, \:c.) : 
 ftrior V. TO rise. III. To begin, 
 
 spring up : 1, 6rior, ortus, 4 : who 
 
 but villbdieve that this has arisen from 
 you f hoc quis non credat abs te esse 
 ortum ? Ter. ; a dispute arises, oritur 
 controversia, Caes. 2. c56rior, 4 (used 
 in prefcreni e to the simple verb when 
 a Jium/«T of things, or the operation of a 
 number of causes isspokenof); suddenly 
 very great storms arose, subi to tenipes- 
 tates coortae sunt maximae, Cic. : a sedi- 
 tionhas arisen, coorta est seditio, Virg. : 
 ffiere arose a laugh from all, risus om- 
 nium coortus est, Nep. : v. to break 
 OUT. 3. ex5ri»r, [4 (usu. to a. sitd- 
 
 denly: also to a. out of): may some 
 arenger a. from our bones, exoriare ali- 
 quis nostris ex ossibus ultor, Virg. : 
 I'Vicn this takes place, love must needs 
 a., ill quum coniiiiglt, amor exoriatur 
 neccsso cot, Cic: swidenly very great 
 confnsimi arose, 8Ub\Ui exoTta est max- 
 ima perturbatio, Cic. : so many wars 
 suiUieiily arose, tot bella repenti- orta 
 sunt, Liv. 4. exsis to, stiti, stitum, j 
 (1. e. to come into existence ; to arise out 
 of): a sotneuhat difficult question aj, 
 p. quaestio subdifificllis, Cic. : a great 
 dispute a.« between them, magna Inter 
 eos e. controversia, Caes. : avarice must 
 needs a. out of luxury, ex luxuria ex- 
 sistat necessc est avaritia, Cic 5. 
 nascor, natus, j (lit. to be born: q. v. : 
 hena: i i a., to originate, arise): Trojan 
 Caesar shall arise from beauteous oii- 
 gin, nascetur pulcra Trojanus origine 
 Cae.sar, Virg.: the departuie arose frtmi 
 fear of a revolt, profectio nata est a ti- 
 more defectionis, Caes. : Cic. |V. I"" 
 arouse oneself to action: expergiscor, 
 J : V. to be-stir onf.self. 
 
 arising from (as adj.) .- aptus (prop. 
 connected with: with ex or abl.): a 
 cause arising from eternal causei; causa 
 ex aetemis causis a., Cic : to enjoy a life 
 arising from virtue, vita apta virtule 
 perlrui, Cic 
 
 aristocracy: I. a form of govern- 
 ment, or a state, in nhich the rwbleshave 
 the chief power : \, civitas (quae) op- 
 timatium arbitrio regitur, Cic Rep. I, 
 z6 (" quum regnum est penes delectos, 
 tum ilia civitas optlniatium arbiirio regi 
 dicitur," Cic 1. c). 2. opliniatium 
 dominatus, ib. 27. 3. paucunnn et 
 principum administratio clvilatis, ib. 
 28. 4. patruni dcmiinatio, ib. i2. 
 5. optiinutimn status, ib. 44. ||, 
 TTie nobility, esp. regarded as rulers : 
 
 1. delecti ac principes cives, ib. 26. 
 
 2, optimates, Iimi : the power and 
 wealth of the a., potestas atque opes 
 optimatium, ib. 52: to be subject loan 
 a., optimatibus .=ervire, ib. ?;■ 3. 
 patres, um: the a. had the managemetit 
 of affairs, patres rerum potiebaiitur, ib. 
 J2. 4. nobiles: v. nobility. 
 
 aristocrat : I. ^ member of an 
 aristocracy : optlmas, iitis (usu. piur.) : 
 you are ashamed of being too little of an 
 a., pudet te parum opi imatem esse, Coel. 
 ap. Cic. : the contests of the plebeians 
 and a.s, plebis et optimatium certam- 
 ina, Tac: v. aristocracy. ||. A 
 
 favourer or supporter of an aristocracy : 
 optimatium fautor, Nep. (applied to 
 Alcibiades): also, nobilitatislautor, Cic. 
 Phr.: to be an a., optimatibus, s. opti- 
 matium parti, favere. 
 
 aristocratic: 1. optlmas, alls 
 (rare): an a. fm-m (of government), ge- 
 nus optlmas (reipublicae), Cic. ap.Non.: 
 o. ladies, matronae optimates, Enn. ap. 
 Cic. 2. patricius: an a. family, p. 
 familia, Cic. ; p. gens, Juv. P h r. : 
 to hold a. sentiments, populi potentiae 
 aniicum non esse ; optimatium fautor- 
 em esse, Nep. : to be on the side of the 
 a. party, a partibus optimatium stare : 
 V. to favour (5): to be of a. family, 
 claros parentcs habere, Hor. : to admire 
 stupidly a. distinctions, stupere in titu- 
 11s et imaginibus (referring to the busts 
 of the Ri>nian noble), Hor.: Jio one is 
 of more a. blood than thou, nemo geiie- 
 rosior est te, Hor.; a man not of a. 
 family, vir nullls majoribus ortus, Hor. : 
 a. pride, contemptor animus et super- 
 bia, commune Bobilitatis malum. Sail. ; 
 ♦generis s. familiae fastus, superbia 
 (v. pride) : a. appearance, fades libe- 
 ralis. Ter (v. gentlemanly); or more 
 precisely, *q\ine sibl ortum minime 
 ignobllem vindicat: v. koble, pa- 
 trician 
 
 aristocratically : more optima- 
 tium, (ir more patricio (Cic uses apicrro- 
 (cpaTiicMs- playfully: Att. i, 14. }.) 
 
 arithmetic: 1, arithmetica,orum: 
 Cic 2. arithniCtica, ore, es: Vltr. : 
 Plin. 3. niliueri, onira : a knowledge 
 of a., numerorum notitia. Quint. 
 
 arithmetical : arithmetjcu*: Vitr. 
 
 arithmetically : 'secundum arith- 
 metic's Irgis ; ex numerorum ratione. 
 
 arithmetician: 1. in anthmeiicis 
 exercitatus: Cic. 2. arithmeUcorum 
 peri I us. 
 
 ark : i. e. a chest onxffer : area : esp. 
 .Vou/is; the dort returning to Vie ark, 
 redien.s ad a. columba, Aug. : the dort. 
 brings bark in its mouth to the ark a 
 branch of biukling olive, ad a. ore co- 
 lumba referl ramum virldantis ollvae, 
 Prud.: also of the " ark of the testament," 
 a. testamentl, Vulg. : v. chest. 
 
 arm : I. -A Umb of the human body: 
 
 1, braclilum (prop, the fore-arm, 
 from the wrist to the elbow ; but it 
 m<ire usu. denotes the whole arm) : the 
 fore and upper as, brachia et lacertl, 
 Ov. : he attempted to throu- his aj 
 about his father's neck, cimalus cslcollo 
 patris dare brachia circum, Virg.: to 
 break an a., b. frangere. Cic. : to keep 
 time with the vwvement of the a.s, 
 brachia in numerum jactare, Lucr. 
 Fig.: the sea had stretched out its a.s, 
 brachia porrexerat Amphltriie, Ov.: cf. 
 inf. (II.) Phr.; the lend/m of the a., 
 nervus bnichlalls, PI.: tlie thickness of 
 an a., brachlalis crassitudo, Plin. : a 
 small or delicate a., brachiolum. Cat. 
 
 2. licerlus (prep, the part between 
 the elbow and the shoulder; but often 
 used for the ?' hole arm) : the fore-arms 
 are placed Ijelow the upper-arms, sub- 
 jecta lacertls brachia sunt, Ov. : Milo 
 rerwii-ned for his sides and arms, Milo 
 nobilltatus ex lateribus et 1. suis, Cic. ; 
 snoir-nhite a.s, nivei 1., Virg. 3. bu- 
 nigrus, prop, the shoulder, sometimes 
 used poetically lor lacertus, Stat — Note. 
 NUmeiKs is the shoulder of a man.armu,'! 
 of a quadruped : see SHOULDER. Phr.: 
 the republic will receive I'ompey's son 
 with open a.s, Pompeii lilium rcspub- 
 lica sinu complexuque reciplet, Cic 
 Phil. I?, 4, 9: to sit u-ith folded aj, 
 compressis manibus sedere, Liv. ; / have 
 carried him u hen a little boy in my 
 a.s, puerum tantillum in manibus ges- 
 tavi, ler. : to carjy a bundle under one's 
 a., sub ala fasciculum portare, Hor. : 
 t'7(0 is this n alking with his a.s alciml'O i 
 quis hie ansatus ambulat ? PI. (comice) : 
 
 V HAND, embrace, PROTECTION. ||. 
 
 Any object analogous to an arm : (a). 
 an a. oj a tree, braehium : the oak shakes 
 its a.s, quatit brachii quercus. Cat.: v. 
 BOUGH, BRANCH. (6). an a. of the sea 
 (v. supr. 1. 1) : V. estuary, (c). the a. 
 of an anchor : dens : v. fluke. Phr.: 
 an anchor with two a.s. ancora bidens, 
 Plin. (d). the a.s of polypi : v, feelers. 
 (e). the a. of a chair, ancon, onis, m. : 
 Coel. Aur. |||. A weapon: telum, 
 
 arma: v. arms, weapon. (V. Part, 
 ilepartment (mi\U. t. t.) : Phr.: artil- 
 lery is a very important a. in all modern 
 armies, *tormenlorum Iwmbardicomm 
 apud omnes receutiores exercitus usus 
 est maxinnis. V. I'ouer (q. v.) : bra- 
 ehium ; to hnd one's a.s to crime, brachia 
 sceleri praebere, Ov. Phr.: to deliver 
 any one over to Hie secular a., *aliquem 
 m:igistratui ad poenas sumendas.ad sup- 
 plicia, tradere : v. power. 
 
 arm ('••): A. Trans.: armo. I : 
 slaves were a.'d against their masters, 
 servi in dominos armabantur, Cic : the 
 place itself a.'d tiiem with stones in 
 abundance, saxis eos affatim Ukus Ipse 
 armabat, Liv.: to surround one's person 
 icith a.'d men. anuatis corpus clreum- 
 sepire, Liv. K i g. : to a. the rashness of 
 an excited multitude with public au' 
 thority, temeriuitem concitatae multi- 
 tudlnis auctoritate publica a., Cic: a 
 very great and superior intellect has 
 a.'dyoufor everyihing.ie ad omnia sum- 
 mum atque excellens ingenium armavit. 
 Cic : rage a.'d Archilochus n i'h the fit- 
 ting iambus. Archilochum proprio ra- 
 bies armavit iambo, Hor. Phr.: we 
 a.'d him then that we might now nave 
 to fight u-ith him veil prepared, iUi tunc 
 arma dedlmus ut nunc cum bene parato 
 pugnaremus. Cic. of all the number 
 about a fourth part ua» regularly a:<L, 
 ex omni copia circiter pars quarta eret 
 
 4S
 
 ARMADA 
 
 ARRAIGN 
 
 A K K A N G E M E N T 
 
 militaribus armisi instructa. Sail. : light, 
 heavy-a.'d, levis, gravis ;irmatura ; gra- 
 vior annatiis : v. light- armed, etc. 
 Fig.: a.d with fortitude, tectus forti- 
 tudiiie, Cic. B. In trans.: |. to 
 take one's a.s : armor, i : he orders the 
 other cohorts to a., reliqiias cobortes ar- 
 mari jubet, Caes. : }irepare the young 
 men to a., aniuiri pubtm par;i, Virg. 
 Phr. : the kin;/ orders the men to a.. 
 indiiere arma vir<J^4 rex Jubet, Ov. : in 
 prose more freq. arma capere, Cic. : 
 poet, accingi armis : v. to gird on. I|, 
 In sense of inw: no jyrejiaiation lor war : 
 bellum paravp, Caes. : he a.s again, ad 
 integrum beiliim cunciaparat, .Sail.: the 
 state is a.ing, ad arma it civitas : v. war. 
 
 armada : classls magna : V. FLEET. 
 
 armadillo: *dasypus: Linn. 
 
 armament: \. a bodg of forces 
 equipped for u-ar : coplae, exercilus ; 
 classis : v. army, forces, fleet. ||, 
 The guns (collectively) tilth lehich a 
 ship of icar is armed, *apparatus belli 
 quo navis longa instructa est. 
 
 arm-chair : 1. sella (with some 
 
 qualitying word) : in Coel. Aur. we have 
 a direction for a patient to sit •' in a bar- 
 ber's chair, made vyith sloping arms" 
 (sella tonsoria, quae sit obliqdis fabre- 
 faita ancoi'ibas), which would imply 
 that easy chairs were not in common 
 use. l*robably the use of the couch 
 rendered them unnecessary. 2. '»- 
 thedra : needing to be qualified like the 
 preceding: the cathedra was a delicate, 
 couch-like seat : v. cocch. 
 
 a,rmei(<^j-)- armatus: anas'sembly 
 of a. men, concilium armatum, Caes. : a 
 city a. with vails, urbs muris amiaia, 
 Cic: a multitude of a. men, multitude 
 armatorum,Caes. : v. to arm. 
 
 arm-hole: ala: a.xllla: Cic. 
 
 armillary sphere: sphaera Kpi- 
 
 KIOTT), (jell. J, lo. 
 
 armistice : indutlae (ctae), arum : an 
 a. of thirty days had been agreed on with 
 the enemy, triglnta dierum erant cum 
 hoste pactae i., Cic. : to grant an a. of two 
 years, i. biennii dare, Liv. : to break off 
 an a., indutias toUere, Liv. : v. truce. 
 
 armless: inermis: V. UNABMEn. 
 
 armlet: 1. armilla: I'l.: Liv. 2. 
 bi achiale, is, n. : Plin. : v. bracelet. 
 
 armourer: faber, bri (in gen. pi. 
 more usu. fabrum) : with something in 
 the context to determine what kind ofo 
 smith is meant: as, faber ferrarius, ae- 
 rarius. armorum, etc. : nor had the/ruel 
 a. forged the suord, nee ensem saevus 
 duxeral f., Tib. : v. smith. 
 
 armorial bearings: 1. *arma 
 gentilicia: M.L. (Alciatus, I'ref. Km- 
 blemata, p. i : see Ducange). 2. in- 
 signe. Insignia; v. hadge^ 
 
 armour: 1. armattira (the whole 
 of the arms offensive and defensire): 
 the various a. of the infantry and ca- 
 valry, a. varia peditatus et equitatus, 
 Cic. : Caes. 2. arma, orum : the a. 
 they u-ere ordered to have was. a helmet, 
 shield, greares, corslet, all of bronze. 
 arma his imperata galea, clipeus, ocreae, 
 lorica, omnia ex acre, Liv. 3. arma- 
 tus, us lapp. only in abl. sing.) : Cari- 
 ans and Cilicians with the same a., 
 eodem a. Cares et Cilices. Liv.: accus- 
 tomed to bear the weight of their <i., a. 
 sustinendo assueti. Front. 4. tegu- 
 menta corporis : Liv. i, 4J. 
 
 armour-bearer : armlger, eri : Cic : 
 
 armoury : armamentarium : Cic. : 
 Liv. : Juv. 
 
 arm-pit: 1. ala: Liv.: Hor. 2. 
 axilla: Cic. 3. (in offensive sense, 
 with ref. to foul odour) hircus: Hor. 
 
 arms : I. ^^eapons : arma, orum 
 (iiidudin'g those both of defence and of 
 o£fence ; but of the latter only those used 
 in close combat, as distinguished from 
 missiles) : the conveyance of a. and mis- 
 siles, armorum atque telorum portati- 
 ones. Sail.: some a. are for dejence, 
 others for offence, a. alia ad tegendum, 
 alia ad nocendum, Cic. : to take up a., 
 a. capere or snmere, Cic: to be under a., 
 in armis esse, Caes. : to lay down one's 
 46 
 
 a., a. dedere, ab armis discedere, Caes. ; 
 arma deponere, Cic. : he strips the enemy 
 of their a., hostes armis ex'uit, Caes. : 
 men Jit to bear a., qui a. ferrc possunt, 
 Caes. : to raise the cry, To arms .' ad 
 arma! conclamare, Caes.: Cic. (v. also 
 TO ARM). Fig.: kt him reflect that 
 if he shall aim any iceapon at me. J 
 will at once snatch up the a. of the 
 courts of justice and of the laws, cogitet 
 si quod in me telum intenderit, statim 
 me esse arrepturum arma judiciorum 
 atque legum, Cic. : v. weapon, missile. 
 Met.: war, hostility : amid a. the lai(S 
 are silent, silent leges inter a., Cic. : 
 let arvis yield to the gown (of peace), 
 cedant a. togae, Cic. : too prone to dread- 
 ful a., ad horrida promptior a., Ov. 
 II, Armorial bearings: q. v. 
 army : 1. exercitus, lis (the general 
 term, denoting a body of men trained 
 for war) : to enlist an a., e. conscribere, 
 Cic. ; e. scribere, Liv. : to collect an a., 
 e. contrahere or cogere, Caes. : to dis- 
 band an a., e. dimittere, Caes. : to have 
 the command of on a., exercitui prae- 
 esse, Caes. ; e. ducere, Cic. : to raise re- 
 cruits for an a., exercitui siipplementum 
 scribere. Sail. : an a. of mercenaries, e. 
 conducticius, Nep. : an a. of raic re- 
 cruits, e. collecticius, Cic: an a. in 
 fighting condition, aptus e., Liv. 2, 
 agmen, inis, n. (prop, an army tvhen 
 marching): they attacked our a. on the 
 march, in itinera agmen nostrum adorti 
 sunt, Caes. : the a. having been draicn 
 up in order of battle, iiistructo agmine, 
 Liv. 3. acles, ei, /. (an army in 
 buttle aiiay) : he dreiv up the a. in 
 bailie array, aciem instruxit, Caes. : the 
 a.s fought rather in marching 01 der than 
 in battle array, agmine magis quani 
 acie pugnab;mt, Ijiv. 4. legio, onis, 
 
 / (poet.) : Lucr. : Virg. 6, copiae : 
 
 V. FORCES. 6. Rlilitiis: T. TKdOI'S. 
 
 Phr.: a small a. (" a handful of men "), 
 parva manus. Sail. : v. luFiCE. band. 
 
 aroma* aromn, alio, n. : M. L. (P.) 
 
 aromatic : aromaticus : Spart. 
 
 aromatite : aromatites, ae, TO. : Plin. 
 
 around: A, irep.: \. on every 
 side: 1, circuin (with ace); you are 
 pressed by the cron d standing a., you, ur- 
 geristurbac. te stante, Hor. : Cic. 2. 
 circa (with ace.) : Homulus sent ambas- 
 sadors a. to the neighbouring nations, 
 Komulus legatos c. vicinas gentes misit, 
 Liv. II, Fi um place to jiluce : 1. cir- 
 cuni, circa : / " isU to ramble a. our little 
 country-seats, circum villulas nostras 
 errare volo, Cic. : v. ABOUT. 2. P^f 
 (with aec.) ; to gossip a. the streets, per 
 vias fabulari, PI. : v. through, through- 
 oi;t. B. Adverb: |. On every side: 
 
 I. circum: the worlcs which were a., 
 quae c. erant opera, Caes. 2. circa : 
 there ua.'-- grass a., gramen erat c, Ov. 
 
 II. Fron, plac to place : 1. cir- 
 cum : thi-y asse ml 'Ird from all places a., 
 c. undique convenire, Viig. 2. circa: 
 the corn had been collected from all the 
 fields a., Irumenium undique c. e.\ agris 
 convectum erat, Liv. — .N.H. Thisadverl) 
 is most frequently expressed in Latin 
 by some prehx to the verbs : as, circum- 
 sedeo, to sit a.; circumscribo, to draw 
 a line a. : for whieh v. to sit, draw a 
 LINE, &c. Phr.: an audience standing 
 a., corona (cf. vulgi stante corona. Or. 
 Met. !•!, i): Cic. 
 
 arouse : 1. suscito, i : to a. any 
 one from sleep, aliquem e somno s., 
 Cic: to a. anyone from gentle repose, 
 aliquem e moUi quieie s.. Cat. Fig.; 
 to a. oneself to duty, se ad suum officium 
 s., PL; to a. the silent muse, tacentem 
 Musam s., Hor.: anger a.s his strength, 
 vim s. ira, Virg. 2. erigo, rexi, rec- 
 tum, J : F i g. : rt. your minds and ears, 
 and attend to me, erigite nientes aures- 
 que et me attendite, Cic; Liv.: v. to 
 EXCITE. 3. expergiscor (to a. one- 
 
 self : i.e. to be up and doing): v. to 
 
 BESTIR oneself. 
 
 arquebus : v. fire-arm, gun. 
 arrack: 'liquor alcoolicus ex succis 
 phoenicura dactyliferarum coctus. 
 arraign : acciiso: v. to accdss. 
 
 arraignment : accusatio : t. accu- 
 sation. 
 
 arrange: I. To put in proper or- 
 der : 1, strtio, slruxi, structum, j: 
 he a.s his forces in front of the camp, 
 copias ante frontem castrornm struit 
 Caes. ; to a. n ords, verba s., Cic : to a. 
 a speech, orationem s., yuint. ; Virg. 
 2, inslrQo, j: to a. an army in 
 order of battle, exerciium i., Sail. : to a. 
 a speech, orationem i., Cic : to a. a pro- 
 secution, accusationem i., Cic. 3. or- 
 dino, I : to o. a line of battle, aciem o^ 
 Just. : Liv. : to a. a library, bibliothe- 
 cam o.. Suet. : to a. the parts of a speech, 
 partes orationis o., Cic. 4. dispone, 
 posui, positum, j : Pisistratus is said to 
 have a.d the books uf Homer, P. Homeri 
 hbros disposuisse dicitur, Cic: to o. 
 palisades, cippos d., Caes. : to a. the 
 hair badly, capillos male d., Ov.: they 
 a. icords just as painters do a variety 
 of colours, verba ita disponunt ut pic- 
 tores varieiatem colorum, Cic. : to a. a. 
 line of battle, aciem d., Tac : to a. gar- 
 risons and posts on the banks of the 
 Loire, praesidia custodiasque ad ripes 
 Ligerls d., Caes. (The preceding are 
 the word.s most frequently used of 
 arranging troops, though by no means 
 confined to that application. Instruo 
 and struo refer to the forming of a 
 line of battle ; ordino is also used 
 in the sense of to reduce to order, 
 organize : dispono is to arrange or 
 post at intervals, to arrange in order). 
 
 5, collflco, I ; time was scarcely 
 given for a.ing and executing these mat- 
 ters, vix his rebus coUocandis atque ad- 
 ministrandis teiiipns dabatur, Caes. : to 
 a. a cloak so that it jnay hang properly, 
 chlamydem c ut pendeat apte, Ov. : to 
 a. uoids propeily. verba apte c. Quint. 
 
 6, compijno, p6sui, pSsitum, j : to 
 a. the hair, capillum c.,Cic. : to a. wordt 
 or thoughts (in oratory), c. verba, in- 
 venla, Cic. 7. diggro, gessi, gestum, 
 }: to a. the hair, capillos d., Ov. : to a. 
 a library, bibliotbecam d.. Suet. : to a. 
 the whole of the municipal law into 
 classes, omne jus civile in genera d., 
 Cic. 8. instltuo, lii, iitum, } : you a. 
 an aition at law, he draics up an army 
 in battle array, tu actionem instituis, 
 ille aciem instruit, Cic. 9. dispense, 
 I : to a. the year, annum d., Liv.: Cic. 
 
 10. come, compsi, cemptum, j 
 (only of hair) : to a. the hair in steps 
 andrings, caput in gradus atque anules 
 c, yuint. 11. fingo, finxi, ticium, } 
 (poet.: of artificial arrangement) : to a. 
 grey hair, canas f. comas, lib. : Virg. : 
 Ov. (Of the preceding words, 5-9, col- 
 loco and compono denote the bringing 
 of things together, and so esp. a decent 
 and orderly arrangement ; digero is to 
 put each thing separately in its place ; 
 insiiiiio is about equivalent te instruo, 
 only usu. in non-military sense, to draw 
 up. form: dispense is properly to dis- 
 tribute.) Phr.; so it was a.d according 
 to the custom of our ancestors, ita com- 
 paraium more majorum erat, Cic. : to a. 
 one's plans, consilia sua expedire, Tac: 
 to a. the plan of a war, belli rationem 
 explicare, Cic. : to a. a plan, consilium 
 e., Caes. ||, lo cutjust, settle, regri- 
 late, agree : q. v. 
 
 arranged, well : 1. compS.sltus : 
 a battle belter a., compusitior pugna, 
 Liv. : a veri/ 1. ell a. little letter, literulae 
 composiiissimae, Cic 2. descriptus: 
 nothing is better a. than nature, natura 
 nihil est descriptius, Cic. 3. disp6- 
 situs ; pursuits well a. with a view to 
 preferment, studia ad honorem dispo- 
 sita, Cic. I' h r. ; to speak in u ell-a. lan- 
 guage, composite dicere, Cic. 
 
 arrangement: I, Orderly dispo- 
 sition: 1. coll6catio: thea.ofwaXls, 
 moenium c. Vitr. ; the a. of words, c 
 verborum, Cic. 2. compOsitie : the a. 
 of the magistracies, magistratuum c, 
 Cic. ; the varied a. of sounds, c. varia so- 
 norum, Cic. 3. coiitextus, us: the a. 
 of speech, c orationis, Cic. <.^nint. 4. 
 designatio : the a. of my books, d. libro- 
 rum meorum, Cic. 5. descriptio ; thit
 
 A R K A N G E K 
 
 ARROW 
 
 ART 
 
 O. of the republic, d. relpublicae, Cic. : 
 the a. of public offices, d. nuigistratuiim, 
 Cic. 6. disposltlo . (i) in orat<'ry 
 
 Cic. • Quint, (ii) in architecture . Vilr. 
 fiii) in painting. F'lin. 7. digcstlo (in 
 orat.) : Cic: Quint. 8. insiltutio. 
 the a.nf thmgs, rerum i., Cic. 9. '"• 
 gtmctio the a. of the f I nndariU, ^igno- 
 rum i., Cic. 10. ordinatio th: a.i.J 
 the near, anni o., .Suet.: the a. of the 
 elections, coniitiDrum o., Veil. (Cic. has 
 instruciio, itid Front. Instructura, of the 
 arrangement of troops in line of battle : 
 but for the most part this sense of tlie 
 Eng. word may better be represented 
 by means of a verb: as slcilled in the a. 
 of troops for battle, peritus aciei instru- 
 endae. rtc. ■ v. to arrange.) ||. Set- 
 tlement, adjustment ; comparatlo; the 
 prorinre was alU/tted to the Manlii nith- 
 out casting lots, n-ithout a., Manliis pro- 
 vincia sine sorte, sine coniparatione 
 data, Liv. : v. settlkment. 
 arranger: 1. compositor- Cic: 
 
 Ov. 2. dispSsitor Sen. 
 
 arrant: ^'^ NoTORtous, infamous. 
 
 Phr. : ana. (/ii>/', trifur, iiris: I'l.: a»i 
 a. rogue, trTfurciler, firi : PI. 
 
 arrantly: ngfane: v. infamocslv. 
 
 arras : tapete, is, ?!. .- v. TArE.sTisT. 
 
 array (subs.) .• |, fn-derUi dispo- 
 sition : V. ARR,VXGE1IENT, ORDER. P h r. : 
 battle array, ilcies, ei, /. : the b. a. of 
 the enemy, a. hostium, Caes. : he drew 
 up the army in b. a., acieni instruxit, 
 Caes.: V. TO ARRANGE (ini7.) ||. Dress, 
 clothing: q v. : vestitus. |||, A list of 
 persons qualified to be jurymen : album 
 Judicum, Suet. [See Diet. Ant. s. v. 
 album.] 
 
 array (''•): I. ^o arramje, draw 
 up: q. v.- instruo. ||, To dress, d/ck: 
 q. V. : vestio. |||, To select proper per- 
 sons to compose juries : Judices seligere: 
 
 T. TO SELECT. 
 
 arrear: \ 1. ^gliquum(usu.p^u.).• 
 a^rears: S Inow xvish to pay in.full 
 vhat remains in a., nunc quod rcli'iuum 
 resLat, volo persolvere. Pi.: ('amillus 
 uTites that he has received the a.s due to 
 me, reliqua mea Camillus sciibit se ac- 
 cepis,se, Cic. Stiehus lieing in <i., Sticlio 
 reliqua habente, Paul Dig. 2. rPsI- 
 dilae pecuniae : to exwjt the ]>ayment of 
 all a.s, omnes r. pecunias exigere, Liv. : 1 
 Cic. 3. residuum the a.s of taxes, I 
 residua vectigaliomm, Suet, Aug. lot. 
 Phr : to be in a.s, rSliquo, i (with re/l. 1 
 pron., or, more usu. as d^p.) : to oie 
 large a s. amplas summas reliquari. 
 Dig. : to exact the payment of a.s, e.Nigere 
 reliqua, quae quis se reliquavit, ib. : he \ 
 ones some a.s if public money, apud i 
 eum publica {)ecunia residet, Dig. 
 
 arrest ("•) I. ^ «''(?• 'heck ■. q. v. 
 
 II. To apprehend legally : J. | 
 comprehendo, di, sum, j : to a. the lead- [ 
 ers, duces c, Cic; to a. any one and 
 give hitn into custody, aiUqneTn c et in 
 custodiam tradere, Cic. 2. deprg- 
 
 hendo, i : to a. the go-betneens, inter- 
 r.untios d., Caes. : Sail. 3. ariiplo, 
 
 ripui, reptum, } (i e. toa>~rest sniidenly) : 
 he teas a'd by the officer in attendance, 
 arreptus est a viatore, Liv. Phr.: they 
 were of opinion that I.entulus should be 
 a.'d, censuerunt ut Lentulus In custodi- 
 am traderetur, Cic. : v. to aim-rehend. 
 III. To/i (the attention, S:c): Phr.: 
 hereupon a far more ttrrible si'jht a.s 
 our attention, hie aliud multo tremend- 
 um objiciturmagis, Virg. • what is per- 
 ceived by the ear does not so a. the at- 
 tention, segnius irritant animos quae 
 sunt demissa per aures, Hor. : to a. the 
 aJtention of all (In admiration), oculos 
 omnium in se convertere, Nep. : Suet. : 
 also smiply convertere : as, wherever he 
 went, he a.'d the attention of all, <iuaqua 
 iret convertit homines, SueL 
 
 arrest (subs.) : \. Legal appre- 
 
 hension : comprghensio : the a. of the 
 guUty, sontium c, Cic. : v. appre- 
 hension II, A stopping (legal r(.): 
 arrest tf judgment, (?) ampliatio : strictly 
 an a4)oumment of a trial. (In .Med. L. 
 •ireslum : v. Du Cange, s. v.) 
 arrival: advent us, (is- a sudden a.. 
 
 repentlnus a., Caes. : the a, of the cnsul 
 at Hirme, a consulis Pomam, Liv.: 
 tlieir a.s m the cities of the allies do not 
 dill'er much from a hostile ta'cing b'l 
 Sturm, ip.^orunl adventus In urbe.-> soclo- 
 rum ni'n mulium ab hostili expucna- 
 tione dilferunt, Cic: tlie a. of inisjoi- 
 tunes, malorum a., Cic. v approach. 
 arrive : I. T'^ come to, reach : 
 
 I. advCiilo, v5ni, ventum, 4 : to a. 
 at tlie Jorum, ad forum a., I'l.. toa.in a 
 province, in proviiiciam a , Cic : to a. 
 at tlie Tyrian city, rjTiam urbem a., 
 Virg. : a letter lias a.d, advenere literae. 
 Suet Hence, to be on tlie pjint of ar- 
 riving, advento, i (prop, fref/uent.) : it 
 was repnted to Caesar that his caralry 
 vere on the point of a.in'/, and were eren 
 now a.d, Cacsari adventare >imque ad- 
 esse ejus equites nuntiabatur, Caes. : v. 
 TO approach. 2. pervenlo, 4 (denot- 
 ing that the end of a Journey is reached) : 
 the (I'eimans a.d in our territories, Ger- 
 manl In nostros fines pervenerunt, Caes. : 
 to a. at the gate, ad portam p., Cic : t<>a. 
 in a harbour, in portump.,t^lnt. 3. 
 devfnlo, 4 (prop, of places lower than 
 those from whicli the pei-sons come) : to 
 a. in a picue, in locum d., Liv. : they a.d 
 in the same cavern, speluncam eandein 
 devenere, Virg. Fig.: to a. at maturity, 
 ad maturilatom d., Plin. ; v. to attain 
 to. 4. attingo, tigi, tactum, 5 (rarely 
 except of arriving by ship) : with ace. : 
 Caesar a.d at Britain nith the fwcTnost 
 ships, Caesar Britanniam attigit primis 
 navibus, Caes. : Tac. 5. advehor, 
 vectus, } (only of going by ship or horse) : 
 Aiarius in a few d/iys a.s at Utica, M. 
 paucis diebus (Jticara advehitur. Sail. : 
 more fully, navi adv., Snip. ap. Cic: 
 classibus adv., Tac. 6. pervghor, j 
 (similar in meaning to advehor, only 
 indicating, like pervenio, that the endo{ 
 a Jouniey is reached) : to a. in a harbour, 
 in portum pervehi, Cic. : he a.d at 
 Chalcis, pervectus est ChaUldem, Liv. 
 
 7. appellor, pulsus, ; (of shipso»Jv) : 
 the ship a.s at .Syracuse, appellitur 
 navis Syracusas, Cic. In later authors 
 the active forms occur : the ship a.d at 
 Dertosa, navis Dertosam appullt, Suet : 
 Tac Phr.: veus a.d that the Ktrus- 
 cans had renewed the n ar, rebellasse 
 Etruscos allatum est, Liv. : v. to reach. 
 
 II. To arriw at, i.e. to attain : ad- 
 tpiscor . V. to reach. 
 
 arrogance: 1. arrSgantla (i.e. 
 claiiiiinii loo much for oneself): elateii 
 by foolish and barbarous a., they de- 
 spised their countrymen, stulfa ac bar- 
 bara a. elati despiciebant suos, Caes. : 
 Cic. 2. spiritus, iis (i. e. a haughty, 
 contemptuous temper : often in pi.) ■ 
 kingly a., regius s., Cic. : to assume 
 great a. in military ajfairs, magnos 
 .spiritus in re milit;iri sumere, Caes. : 
 Liv. 3. fastus, superbia : v. hacghti- 
 
 KESS, PRIDE. 
 
 arrogant: 1. arrogans, antlsOe. 
 clciimi?ig too much for oneself): that 
 threatening and a. Hiari.isteminaxatque 
 a., Cic. : a. to one's inferiors, a. mlnori- 
 bus, Tac. : v. PREsuMPTrous. 2. 
 
 S'"iperbus: a very a. law, lex superbis- 
 sima. Liv. : v. haughtv, proud. 3. 
 insSlciis: v. insolent. 
 
 arrogantly: 1. arr5ganter. to 
 act a., a. facere, Caes. : to ask a. for 
 anything, aliquid a. petere, Cic: sotne- 
 II hat a., subarrOganter . Cic. 2. 
 
 insolenter : v. insolently. 
 
 arrogate: arrOgo, i (with dat. of 
 pron. refect ) : Id/) not assume nor a. so 
 much to myself, mihi non sumo tantum 
 neque arrogo, Cic. : to a. wisdom, sapien- 
 tlam sibi a., Cic. : T. to appropriate (I I.), 
 ASSUME, claim. 
 
 arrow : 1. sagitta : to discharge 
 as, sagittas conjicere, Caes. ; siinft aj, 
 celeres sagittae, Hor. 2. spiculnm 
 
 (prop, the point of any missile : in this 
 sense chiefly poet., and esp of Cupid's 
 arrows): Virg.: Hor.: Prop : Ov. 3. 
 telum (prop, any missile ; and in this 
 sense chiefly poet.) : Hor.: Ov. Phr.: 
 a reed ftt for an a., calamus Sagittarius, 
 Plin. : an a.-bearing quiver, sagittifera 
 
 pharetra, Ov. : an a.-maker, saeittariua 
 I'arrunt. 
 
 arrow-head : {.The point of a 
 arroir, cuspis sagittae (cf. Ov. M. i, 470 
 II. A plant so called: 1. pis- 
 tana: Plin. 2. sigitta: PUi.. 3. 
 •sagittariasagittifoila: Linn. 
 
 arrow-headed : a rron -headed cha- 
 racters or leilers, 'cuneatae lltierae. 
 
 arrow-root : * farina ex maranta 
 aruiidinaiea conlecta. 
 
 arrowy: I. ofairows: Phr.; 
 
 aUiicka. shoner, sagittarum densissi- 
 nms imber (cf. Virg. Aen. 12, 284, and 
 ti. I, nj). II, Like an anow: ai> 
 tiyron, "the a. /{hone:" sagittatus- cf. 
 PI. Tr. 2, I, 16. 
 
 arsenal: 1, armamentarium 
 
 Cic : Liv. ; a naval a., a. naviuni, Plin. 
 2. ofTTcina armorum (a manufactory 
 of arms) : Caes. 3. uSvalia, ium (o 
 naval a.) : Cic. 
 
 arseniate : arsgnlas, atis : M. L. 
 
 arsenic : a metal, tlie common name 
 for arsenious acid. 1. arsenicuui: 
 
 M. L. N B. rhis word occurs in Pliny, 
 but with him it designates natit-e sul- 
 phuret of arsenic. 2. oxydum arsenici 
 allmra • JI. L. 3. acidum arseniu- 
 
 sum: M. L. 
 
 arsenical : arsgnicalis, e : M.L. 
 
 arsenite: arseuis: a. of potash, a. 
 potassae . M. L. 
 
 arsis: 1. sublStto: Quint. 9, 4, 
 48. 2. arsis, is, /. : Marc. Cap. 
 
 arson: incendlum dolo malo s. maliti- 
 ose factum : v. Diet Ant. s. v. incendlum. 
 
 art : I. Human skill (as opposed 
 to nature) : 1. manus, as, /. (only 
 
 in abl.) : a town fortified both by 
 natural situation aiid by a., oppidum 
 et natura loci et nianu munitum, Caes : 
 for vhat, either in nature or in the 
 productions of a., can tte found so well 
 anangedf quid enim aut in natura 
 aut in operibus manu factis tam compo- 
 situm invenlri potest .' Cic. : harbours 
 made by a., portus manu facti, Cic. : 
 nithout the a. aiui labour of meti, sine 
 hoiiiiiium manu atque opera, Cic. 2. 
 opus, eiis, 71. (only in 06/.): they found 
 a place admirably fortified both by 
 nature and by a., locum nacti sunt 
 egregie et natura et opere munitum. 
 Caes. : a camp very strongly fortijied 
 both by natural situation and by a., et 
 opere et natura loci munitissima casira, 
 Caes. : v. skill. ||, Any particular 
 application of human skill: 1, ars, 
 artis,/. : shaping fire, (he master of the 
 other a.s, ignis artificiosus magistcr 
 artium reliquarum, Cic. . liberal and re- 
 fried a-s, ingenuae et humanae artes, 
 Cic: the fine a.s (but in a wider sense 
 'ban our phr;ise, including rhetoric, 
 poetry, etc.): artes elegantes et inge- 
 nuae, Cic. Fin. j, 2. 4 (for our "fine 
 arts" we may perhaps use, artes ele- 
 gantiore.s) : the rhetorical as, artes ora- 
 toriae, Cic. : to cultivate the fine as, 
 artes liberales colere. Suet.: Ov. : to 
 practise an a., artem cxercere, Hor.: 
 to be engaged in the practice of the 
 lilieral a.s. in ingenuls artibus versari, 
 Cic: you have devoted your attention to 
 these as. his artibus studium tunm de- 
 disti, Cic. : to study an a., arti studere, 
 Cic : is not mexlicine to be considered 
 an a. ' an medicinaars non putanda est ? 
 Cic. : healing as, medicae artes, Ov. : city 
 as, i.e.jurisin-iidence and oratory, artes 
 urbanae. Liv.: the a. of debating, i.e. 
 logic, ars disserendi. Cic. : the a. of 
 rtiusic, ars musica. Plin. . he published a 
 iKiok on the a. of (.ambling, de aleae arte 
 librum emisit, Suet.: all artisans are 
 employed in some mean {mechanical) a., 
 opifices omnes in sordida arte vers;inlur, 
 Cie. : the a. <f navigation, ars gubem- 
 andi or gubematoris. Cic. : the v orks of 
 a. II hich I 'arrhasius produced, arte* qua» 
 Parrhasius proiulil, Hor. 2. artiH- 
 cium (i.e. /Ae practice of some craft, ars. 
 hence a terra of more respect than opi- 
 ticiuui, from opera : the latter including 
 till- meanest manual occupations : cf. Cic 
 Off. 1,42, 150): respecting as and occrf 
 {lalions, which are to he considered 
 
 4.'
 
 ARTERIAL 
 
 A RT I F ICI A L 
 
 A RTLESS 
 
 liberal, which mean, ive have learnt 
 somewhat as follows, de a. et qnaesti- 
 bus qui liberates habendi, qui sordidi 
 sint, haec fere accepiraus, Cic. ; / believe 
 that the a.s had flourished in that island, 
 credo magna a. fuisse in ea insula, Cic: 
 also in bad sense, the a. of d&'eption, a. 
 simulatiunis, Cic. 3. Opus, eris, n. ; 
 helmets chased in the Corinthian style of 
 a., galeae caelatae opere Corinfhio, Cic. : 
 things made in the ancient style of a., 
 antiquo opere facta, Cic. : they have 
 plenty of Corinthian works of a., Co- 
 rinthiis operibus abundant, Cic. |||, 
 The principles of art, art in the abstract : 
 ars: Zeno Imlds that it is the special 
 function of a. to create and produce, 
 Zeno censet artis maxime proprium esse 
 creare et gignere, Cic. : to rediu:e every 
 thing to a. and rules, omnia ad artem et 
 ad praecepta revocare, Cic. : a. is a surer 
 guide thin nature, ars est dux certior 
 quam natura, Cic. : the thing seems to me 
 to be very good in prat-tice, but only 
 tolerable in a., res mihi videtur esse 
 facultate praeclara, arte mediocris, Cic. 
 IV. SkiU (q. V.) : sollenia : Cic. 
 arterial: arteriosus: o. blood san- 
 guis a., M. L. 
 
 artery : 1. arteria ; an a. when 
 divided does not unite, a. incisa noncoit, 
 Cels. (But in Cic. arteria is the loind- 
 pipe : q. V.) 2. vena (used of all the 
 blood-vessels) : if anil one's a.s pulsate in 
 this way, lie has a fever, si cui venae sic 
 moventur, is habet febrem, Cic. : if th^ 
 as pulsate irregularly, si v. non aequis 
 intervallis moventur, Cels. 
 artful (= crafty, cunning: q. v.): 
 1. argutus: an a. courtesan, a. 
 meretrix, Hor. 2. astutus: an a. 
 ^fan, a. ratio, Cic: an a. nation, a. gens, 
 Tac: Hor. 3. callidus: a. vun, 
 
 homines c, Cic: a. boldness, c. audacia, 
 CTic. 4. vafer : v. clever, clnnisg. 
 artfully : callWe, vafre : v.CRAFTiLV, 
 
 CUNNINGLV, INGENIOUSLY. 
 
 artfulness: 1. arilfMum: to 
 
 gain something by a kind of a., a. quo- 
 dam aliquid consequi, Cic : v. inge- 
 nuity. 2. callidltas: Ter. : Cic: 
 
 LJT. : V. CRAFT, CUNNING. 
 
 artliritis : 1. arOirltis, Wis, /. : 
 Vitr, 2. artictilarTus morbus : Cato 
 Plin. 3. articiilaris morbus: I'lin. ; 
 
 V. GOUT. 
 
 artichoke: '^ common a., cinara; 
 Col.: * cinara scolynius, Linn.: tlie 
 i^panish a., carduus: Plin.: Col.: *cinara 
 cardunculus, Linn.: Jerusalem a., *heli- 
 anlhus tuberosus, Linn. 
 
 article: I. a distinct part: Phr,: 
 to explain anything a. by a., aliquid ar- 
 ticulatim e.xplicare, Varr. ; those things 
 are spoken of a. by a., and point by 
 point, ea articnlatim distincteque dicun- 
 tur, Cic. : an a. in a lexicon, or other 
 work alphabetically arranged, vocabu- 
 lum (t. e. word). ||. A clause in a 
 law. treaty, Jcc. : 1. ciiput, itis, n. : 
 from the first a. of the law to the last, a 
 primo c legis usque ad extremum, Cic. : 
 V. HEAD. 2. conditio : a.s of peace, 
 pacis conditiones, Caes. Phr.: the a.s 
 c/"r«ar, leges militares, Cic: v. head, 
 ITEM, TERHS. |||. A proposition in 
 theology: 1, decretum fidei : Labbe, 
 Concil. 2. canon, onis, m. . id. 3. 
 articulus. Acta Syn. Dcrd. . M. L. 4. 
 symb61uin (a collection of the a.s 
 of faith): v. CONFES.SION. IV. _^ 
 
 commoditif or substance (q. v.): 1, res, 
 rei, /. (in the most general sense) : 
 the most recherche a s for banqueting, 
 res exquisitisslmae ad epulandum, Cic. 
 2, merx, mercis,/. (as a thing for 
 sale) a.s for women, merces femineae, 
 Ov. : the twigs are an a. ofmercliandize, 
 sarmenta in merce sunt, Plin. 3. 
 
 The word may very often be expr. by 
 the neul forms of pronouns and adjec- 
 tives: they impirri those a.s which have 
 a tendency to render the^mind effeminate, 
 ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertin- 
 ent important, Caes. V. tJram. 1. 1. : 
 articiilus: Quint. 
 
 article (v.): Phr.: to a. an ap- 
 prentice to a mechanic, puerum artifiei 
 48 
 
 s. opifici addicere ut artem ejus discat : 
 
 v. TO APPRENTICE. 
 
 articled-clerk : disdpulus: v. ap- 
 prentice. 
 articular {relating to the joints) : 
 
 1. articularis, e: Plin. 2. arti- 
 cularius : Cato : Plin. 
 
 articulate (adj.): \. Distinct 
 
 (gram. 1. 1.) : 1. distinctus : the tongue 
 renders the sounds of the voice a. and 
 defined, lingua sonos vocis distinctos et 
 presses efficit, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149. 
 
 2. dllflc'Idus: a. pronunciation, A. 
 pronuntiatio. Quint. 11, j, J J. 3. 
 explanatus (rare) : in the tongue (lies the 
 power of) a. utterance of words, in 
 lingua explanatam vocum expressionem, 
 Cic 4. explanabilis (?) : they (i.e. 
 beasts) have a kind of speech, but that 
 not a., vox est quidem, sed non ex., ct 
 perturbata, et verborum inefficax. Sen. 
 Ir. I, J, 5. (Perhaps the two latter ex- 
 pressions more precisely represent the 
 English word). ||: In logical sense ; 
 clearly defined (Sir W.Hamilton), enu- 
 cleatus: or more definitely, articulatim 
 distinctus atque enucleatus ; cf. article 
 (1) ; and v. distinct, clear. 
 
 articulate («•): 1. articuio, i. 
 
 the nimble tongue a.s u-ondrous ivords, 
 mobilis articulat verborum daedala lin- 
 gua, Lucr. : to a. sounds, and to frame 
 the voice to xvords, soiios a. et vocem in 
 verba conformare, Amob. : Apul. 2. 
 exprimo, press!, pressum, j : I do not 
 like every letter to be a.d in an affected 
 way, nolo exprimi literas putidius, Cic. : 
 V. TO pronounce. 3. expliino, i : cf. 
 articulate, adj. (3) : Plin. 
 
 articulately: 1. artlciilatim : to 
 distinguish words a., verbo a. disceniere, 
 Lucr. 2. articulate: to speak plainly 
 and a., plane et a. eloqui, (Jell. (Not 
 distincte alone, which refers usu. to the 
 matter rather than to the manner : v. 
 distinctly.) Phr.: to utter every letter 
 and syllable a., *unamquaTnqiie literam 
 et syllabam accuratius exprimere: cf. 
 to articulate.. 
 
 articulateness : dlludda pronun- 
 tiatio : Quint. 
 
 articulation: I. A joint orvwde 
 
 of joining (anal. t. t.): artus. commis- 
 sura; V. joint. ||. Distinct utterance : 
 explanatio : the a. of words is necessary, 
 necessaria est verborum ex., Quint.: the 
 faultless a. ofvm-ds, emendata vocum 
 ex., Quint. : v. pronunciation. 
 
 artifice : 1. a"^. artis, /. : they 
 tvere entrapped by the same a. by ivhich 
 they had entrapped the Fabii, capti 
 eadem arte sunt qua ceperant Fabios, 
 Liv. : the a.s of war, artes belli, Liv. : 
 Virg. 2. artjf IcTum : by their a.s the 
 republic has been brought into its present 
 stale, earum artificiis effectum est ut 
 respublica in hunc statum perveniret, 
 Caes. ap. Cic. : some a. must be devised, 
 a. quoddam excogitandum est, Cic. 3. 
 calurania (unlike the preceding words 
 always in l>ad sense) : Metellus occupied 
 the time for speaking by a., Metellus 
 calumnia dicendi tempiis exemit, Cic 
 4. dOlus : v. deceit, craft. 5. 
 insidiae, arum (F i g.) : too much a. seems 
 to be employed for captivat'ng the ears, 
 nimis insidiarum ad capiendas aures ad- 
 hiberi videtur, Cic: v. trick, stratagem. 
 artificer : I. -^ craftsman, artisan : 
 1. artifex, f icis : the a.s of engines 
 of war, artifices tormentorum, Liv. : v. 
 artist. 2. Spifex, ITcis (concerning 
 the difference between this and the pre- 
 ceding word : V. ART, II. 2) : v. work- 
 man. II, In rhetorical sense : creiilor, 
 opife.x : v. framer, contriver, maker. 
 artificial: I. Produced by human 
 labiHtr or skill: 1. artlf iclosus : tluise 
 kinds of dicirmtion are nut called na- 
 tural, but a., ea genera divinandi non 
 naturalia sed a. dicuntur, Cic. there are 
 two Icindi of memory, the one natural, 
 the other a., sunt duae memoriae, una 
 naturalis, altera a., Auct. Her. 2. 
 artifex, icis (rare), four a. oien, quatuor 
 artifices boves. Prop. 3. manu factus : 
 a. Aarbour*, portus manu facti, Cic: v. 
 ABT (1). 4. factitius: a. genu, f. 
 
 gemmae, Plin. : v. factitious, false 
 II. Displaying art or skill: v. in- 
 genious, skilful, autistic. 
 
 artificially: 1. nianu: a town 
 fortified both naturally and a., oppidum 
 et natura loci et manu munitum, Caes. 
 (v. ART, I) : diseases ichich ve have a. 
 produced, morbi quos manu fecimus. 
 Sen. 2. arte (abi. of ars): arguments 
 nhich are made a., argumenta quae arte 
 fiunt. Quint. : colours produced a., co- 
 lores arte facti, Vitr. 
 
 artillery ; I. Cannon and ali 
 that pei-tains to them : tormenta, orum 
 (of course not strictly referring 10 fire- 
 arms ; but the etjTiiolog}' of the word 
 [from torquro'], as well as its wide appli- 
 cation in classical authors, makes it very 
 well adapted to represent the English 
 word ; which indeed itself is equally 
 applicable to the ancient engines of war: 
 cf. I Sam. XX. 40 : the foil. e.\amples are 
 added to illustrate the use of the ancient 
 word) ; Antony battered Mutina u-ith a., 
 Antonius Mutinam verberavit tormentis, 
 Cic. : Caesar placed his a. in the forts, 
 Caesar in castellis tormenta coUocavit, 
 Caes.: he arranges the a. on the walls, 
 tormenta in muris disponit, Caes.: he 
 drew up his army in aplcwefrom which 
 the fire of his a. might be directed 
 against the enemies' columns, aciem eo 
 loco constituit, unde tela tormentis missa 
 in hostium cuneos coroici possent,Caes. : 
 a. of various calibres, variae inagnilu- 
 dinis tormenta, Liv.: the ships were too 
 near (to the walls) to be under the fire 
 of the a., naves iiiteriores ictibus tor- 
 nientoruni erant, Liv. : Ireavy a., tor- 
 nioiita niajora (or, inajoris formae : see 
 Livy 26, 4^): a park or train of a., 
 tormentorum multitudo, Caes. ||. 
 
 Wic troops who manage cannon, &c. • 
 ♦inilites a quibus tormenta administran- 
 tur: horse-artilliry, *turmae equitum 
 qui tormenta administraut (" tormenta 
 quae ab equitibusadministrantur," Kr.) : 
 an artillery-man, ballistarius: Veg. 
 Mil. 2, 2. (The word tormentarius is 
 without ancient authority, but may be 
 Used for the sake of convenience: Kr.). 
 
 artisan: 1. i«^^r, bn (usu. o 
 
 viirt.er in some hard material): he 
 selects a.s from the legions, ex legionibus 
 labrosdelegit,Caes. : Cic : Hor. Phr.: 
 (/(/• vorkshop or busirKSs of an a., 
 fabrica: Cic. 2. opifex, icis: the 
 hands of a.s, opificum manus, Cic: a.s 
 and slaves, opifices atque servitia. Sail, r 
 Liv. 3. artifex, icis (v. art, 11. 2: only 
 of .<A.-i77ed occupations) : Nep Att. ij. 
 
 artist: I. one xtho practises any 
 of the fine arts : artifex, icis (more coin- 
 preliensive than the Eng. word; yet 
 chiefly used of painters, sculptors and 
 actors: v. ART, II. 2): stage a.s, i.e. 
 actors, scenici artifices, Cic. : Suet. : 
 Apelles and Lysippus, a.s, Apelles et 
 Lysippus, artifices, Cic: the same a. 
 made that Cupid which is at Thapiae, 
 idem a. Cupidinem fecit ilium qui est 
 Thespiis, Cic. ||, i q. painter : q. v. : 
 pictor. 
 
 artistic: 1. artifex, ids : a. gesti- 
 culation, a. motus. Quint. : a man of a. 
 genius, vir artificis ingenii, Plin. (This 
 passive use of artifex appears not to be 
 found in Cic. : for artilex stilus [Brut. 
 25, 96] signifies not "an artistic style," 
 but " a stilus or pen that is itself a 
 master of art :" stilus in the sense of 
 " style " is of later usage than Cic). 
 2. artiflciosus : mast elegant and a. 
 rhetor'imans, rhetores elegant Issimi el 
 artificiosissimi, Cic : v. ingenious. 
 
 artistically : 1. arfil idose : what 
 the hand ell'ects in the produciions of 
 our arts, that nature effects much more 
 a., quod in operibus nostrarum artium 
 manus efficit, id multo artificiosius na- 
 tura efficit, Cic. 2. affabre : a stattie 
 a. made, signum a. factum, Cic. 
 
 artless: I. Destitute of art: 
 
 1. incomptus: a. oratory, oratio i., 
 Cic: the countrymen amuse themselves 
 with a. verses, coloni versibus incomptis 
 ludunt, Virg.: Hor. 2. incondltus: 
 a. song$, L canuina, Liv. : lo give Jortk
 
 ARTLESSLY 
 
 AS 
 
 ASCEND 
 
 «.«<rains, i. Jactare, Virg. 3. incom- 
 pOsItus : to spnrt with a. verses, versibus 
 i. ludere, Virg. ||. Siinpk, Jranlc, 
 
 ffuileliss : q. v. : simplex, iiigeiiuus. 
 
 artlessly: I. M'UUout art: in- 
 
 compte : to praise a., iiicompte laudare, 
 Stat. II. Simply,franlcty,(/uiklesslt/ : 
 <J. v.: ingenue, siiie<lolo. 
 artlessness : simpiicitas ; v. siii- 
 
 PlICITV, FRANKNESS. 
 
 as ; I. As a particle of compa- 
 
 risun, denoting equality or similariti/ : 
 
 1. attjuf.orac (after the a<iu.s juxia, 
 acque, siniillier; the ailj.s idem, talis, 
 slmilis. aefnuis; and other words denot- 
 ing i(fe;iti7(/, f-ijuaHty or lefemMance): 
 my disposition toii-ardt yoa is the same 
 as it lias, est animus te wrgu idem ac fuit, 
 Ter. : the (iatils have the same uay of 
 iUtaekitiij tounsas the Belyae, Gallurum 
 eadem atquc Belgarum oppugnatio est, 
 Caes. ; you vill avenge your unde's 
 death by the same right as he pitnishtd 
 that of his 111 other, simili jure lu ulci- 
 iceris patrui nioFtem atque ille perse- 
 queretiir fratris sui, Cic. : he pays as 
 much respi'ct to me as to his oum patron, 
 me colil et obscrvat aeqne at<iue patro- 
 num suum, Oic. : they made an attach- 
 upon the enemy as soon as they gainnd a 
 foolivy on the beach, simiil atque in 
 arido ciiMstiterunt, in hostes impetum 
 feceruiit, Cats. 2. ^t (011I.V so used to 
 imply tliat what is true of one thing is 
 true of another also) : u e love our friends 
 as vxll as ourselves, aeque amicus et 
 nosmet ipsos diligimus, Cic. : the question 
 is, whether obstinacy is the same as de- 
 termination, quaeritur idemtie sit per- 
 tinacia et perseverantia, Cic. 3. 
 
 quam (esp. as correlative to tam, an- 
 swering to the Knglish as .... as : it 
 denotes a comparison of degree between 
 two things : v. Habicht, ^ ",q) : I teas 
 formerly as free as your son, tam ego 
 fui ante liber quam gnatus tuus, PI. : a 
 tyrant can be as merciful as a king can 
 be severe, tam esse clemens tyrannus 
 quam rex importunus potest, Cic: he 
 lived as long as lie could, vixit tam diu 
 quam potuit, Cic. : as mtich as each one 
 can, quam quisque potest, Ov. : esp. with 
 iuperl. : to give thanks as great as jxjs- 
 sible. quam maximas gratias agere. Cic. : 
 nothing friyhtenedthem so much as the 
 vigour ami tontjilexion of the general, ni- 
 hil aeijue eus terruit quam robur ac color 
 Ijnperatoris, Liv. (in this instance quam 
 is probably used in preference 10 atque, 
 ac [v. supr. IJ, because of the following 
 ac); they do not act as they proposed, 
 contra laciunt quam prol'essi sum, Cic. 
 
 4. qui (only after idem ; ^ atque, 
 V. supr. 1): th^ slaves had the same man- 
 ners as their masters, servi moribus 
 iisdem erant quibus domini, Cic. : all 
 the Gauls must do the same thing as the 
 Helvet.ii have done, omnibus (jallis idem 
 faciendum est quod Helvetii lecerunt, 
 Caes. 5. P'o {prep, with abl.) : I 
 loved him as my ovm (child), hunc amavi 
 pro meo, Ter. : to state as a fact, pro 
 certo ponere, Caes. 6. quemadnio- 
 dum (or as separate words, quern ad 
 modum=in the same manner as) : he nas 
 elated by the promises of my colleague, 
 as he himself said, inflatus est coUegjie 
 mei, quemadmoduni dia-bat ipse, pro- 
 missis, Cic. : if you were to di.^cuss 
 friendship as you are in the habit of 
 doing with other subjects, si, quemad- 
 modum soles de ceteris rebus sic de 
 amicitia disputaris, Cic. 7. ut (= 
 quemadmoduni, v. supr.) : go on as you 
 have begun, perge ut instituisti, Cic. : 
 the army was drawn upas the nature of 
 the position required, iiistructus est 
 exercitus ut loci nalura postulabat, 
 Caes.: I have spiken if these things as 
 briefly as possibh; haec ut brevissime 
 dici potuerunt, ita a me dicta sunt, Cic: 
 rarely and late ^= atqu(^ : in pleading 
 nothing pleases him so much as brevity, 
 ei niliil acque in causis agendis ut bre- 
 Titas placet, Plin. 8. sicut ( = quem- 
 admod\im, ut : only more emphatic than 
 the last) : (i) in comparisons : as I have 
 taid I uill do, sicut dixi faciam, PI. : as 
 
 hadjormerly been done, sicnt eral antea I 
 factum, Cic. : J now take no pleasure as ' 
 I used formerly in wi-iting trijling 
 verses, nihil me sicut amea,juvat scri- ; 
 here versiculos, Hor. (ii) to conhrm j 
 a statement -= as indeed : let your 
 affair be important, as it is indeed, sit 
 ista res magna, sicut est, Cic: which he 
 saw would lake place, a* really happened, 
 quod lore, sicut accidlt, videbat, Cais. , 
 (iii) to introduce a simile: nature has 
 placed tlie reasoning faculty in the head, 
 as in a citadel, nalura rationem in 
 capitc sicut in arce posult, Cic. (iv) 
 to introduce illustrations: in all which 
 causes, as in that if ,)/'. Curius itself 
 there was very gnat dilTerence if opinion 
 on points of lair, quibus in causis omni- 
 bus, sicut ill ipsa M'. Curii, fuit summa 
 de jure dissenslo, Cic. 9. velut, 
 vfiluti (used to introduce a parallel 
 case) (i) In comparisons: as the fall of 
 Sa/funtum had givin confidence for the 
 war to Hannibal, so had the destrtution 
 of thepeople if Abudos to I'hilip, velut 
 Sagunti excidium Hannlbali,sic Phlllppo 
 Abydenorum clades ad helium animos 
 fecerat, Liv. (ii) to introduce a simile: 
 Sipylus vas giving the rein, as when 
 tlie captain of a .'hip sjyreads out the 
 sails, frena dabat Sipylus veluti quuni 
 carbasa rector deducit, Ov. : Hor. : 
 Quint, (iii) to introduce illustrations : 
 there is something wonderful in those 
 aquatic animals ivhich are bom on land, 
 as for example, a-ocodiles, est admiratio 
 nonnulla in bestiis aquatilibus iis quae 
 gignuntur in terra, veluti crocodili, Cic. 
 (iv) in hj'pothescs (usu. with si) : they 
 shuddered at the cruelty if Ariovistus 
 though absent, as if he were before them. 
 absintls Ariovisti crudelitalem, velut si 
 coram adesset, horrebant, Caes. : this, as 
 if obtained by valour, he hoped uould 
 bring him great credit, hoc veluti vir- 
 tute paratum, speravit magnae laudi 
 fore, Hor. 10. ita (in asseverations 
 and oaths, there being pmbably an el- 
 lipsis of ut, which, however, is some- 
 times expressed) : as true as I lice, I 
 thought so, ita vivam,.putavi, Cic. : as 
 true as I live, I am incurring great 
 expenses, ita vivam ut ma.ximos sumptus 
 facio, Cic. U. quaUs, e (usu. as 
 correl. to talis): shor yourself to us 
 such as you formerly displayed yourself 
 to the Boman people, qualem te jam 
 antea populo R. praebuisti, talem et 
 nobis iniperti, Cic. 12. quantus(usu. 
 as correl. to tantus): a contest as great 
 as has never yet been, tanta dimicatio 
 quanta nunquam fuit, Cic. 13. quum 
 (usu. as correl. to tuni) : fortune, as it 
 has very great injiuence in other affairs, 
 so has espeHally in war, fortuna quum 
 in reliquis rebus, tum praecipue in bello 
 plurimura potest, Caes. : v. just. ||, 
 While, during, just as: q. v.: dum. 
 Ilj. .s'ince, inasmuch as, seeing that : 
 q. V. : quSniani. 
 
 I'hr.: (A) As if : (i) ceu (in sim- 
 iles) : Jlying through the open seas, as 
 if f^^*' from the reins, per aptrta 
 volans, ceu liber habenis, aequora, 
 Virg.: Suet, (ii) lanquam (^just as 
 if: sometimes with si): there icas 
 darkness there, as if (it had, been) 
 night, tcnebrae ibi erant t. nox, PI. : 
 / I'os at his hoiite, just as if in my 
 oicn, apud eum sic lui, t. doml meae, 
 Cic: he knoiis every thing, as if he 
 were admitted to the king's secrets, t. 
 regis arcanisinteresset, omnia siit, Liv.: 
 u haterer pen ci/mes into my hands, I use 
 it as if it were good, quicunque calamus 
 in nianus mcas venerit, eo sic utor l. 
 bono, Cic. (iii) quiisi (less emphatic 
 than tanquani : equiv. to as though, as 
 it were) : I fastened as greedily upon 
 Greek literature as if I n ere desirous of 
 satisfying my long thirst, (iraecas lileras 
 sic avide arripui quasi diuturnam sitira 
 explere cupiens, Cic. : philosophy, the 
 parent, as it were, of all praisewmtliy 
 arts, pbilosophia laudatarum artium om- 
 nium quasi parens, Cic. (B) As being : 
 (i) utp6t6 (usu. with relat. pron., but 
 also with participles and lujjectives) : / 
 E 
 
 am worthless enough, <is tiemg one who 
 have to-day begun to be in lore, sails 
 nequam sum, ulpote qui hodie incepe- 
 rim aniare. PI. : v hen 1 vat a very little 
 boy, as being not more than nine yeart 
 old, puerulu me, utpote non amplius 
 novem annos naio, Nep. : a peopU that 
 can be counted, as being small, populus 
 numerabilis ulpote parvus. Hor. (ii) 
 quijipe (usu. with a rtlat pron. or adv.): 
 nor u as it a disgrace to Cimon to wed 
 his sitter, as his fellow ritizms follon ed 
 the same custom, nequcCiinoni fuit lurpe 
 sororem habere in malrinioiiio, quippe 
 cum cives ejus eodem utereniur Insti- 
 
 tUtci, Nep.: V. INASMUCH AS. felNl'K. 
 (C) AS to or for : (i) Sd (with 
 ace): as to all other things we groui 
 wiser by age, at! omnia alia aetata 
 sapinms reciius, Ter. : v. in rki.atiom 
 
 TO, CONCERNING. (ii) d6 (wllh oiL) 
 as to wuol-wi/rk, I am ind afraid of 
 anyliody, de laniticio, neniinem metuo, 
 PI. : Cic. (iii) quod (= at to rhat): at 
 to what you i< rite, that you u ill come to 
 nif, quod scribis te ad nie venluram, 
 Cic. : Caes. : as .far as depends on mn, 
 quod ad me altinet, Cic. (D) As fol- 
 lows: Iia: he negotiated with Caesar at 
 follows. Is ita tum Caesare egit, Caea. 
 (For as Jar as, as soon as, as gieat as, 
 etc., V. FAR, SOON", eK-.)—.NB. "As" is 
 often not to be translated into I.atin: (i) 
 when it connects two substaniivcs in 
 apposition, or a subst. in apposition to 
 the subject of the verb, or iniroducesa 
 factitive accusative: e.g.: they send at 
 ambassadors to Caesar the most illtu- 
 trious men of the state, legatos ad Caes- 
 arem mittunt nobilissimos civitaiis, 
 Caes. : / hare sal as juryman, J hare 
 conducted the investigation as praetor, 
 judex sedi, praetor quaesivi, Cic. : Ser- 
 villus alone as consul had authority to 
 appoint a dictator, uni consuli Servilio 
 jus fuit dicendi dictatoris, Liv. (ii) when 
 it is used with such verbs as *' to regard," 
 " to Consider," " to esteem :" where it is 
 usu. an expletive even in Knglish : e. g. : 
 you regard him as faithful to you, eum 
 tu habes fidelem tibi. Pi. 
 
 asafoetida: laser, eris. n.: Plin.: 
 Col.: the plant from which it is pro- 
 duced, laserpitium: 1^1.: Plin.: "ferula 
 asiiloetida or nanhex asafoetida. 
 
 asbestos ; asbestos, i, m. : Plin. 
 
 ascend : 1. scando, di, sum, ? (but 
 the ruiiipounds are more usual, esp. in 
 prose: v. ivfr.): to a. on a mound, in 
 aggeiem s., Liv. : to a the Capitol in a 
 chariot, in curru Capitoliimi s., Liv.: 
 Hor.: v. TO CLIMB. 2. a-scendo, } 
 (either with ace alone or wiih ^/ty.); 
 to a. into a city, in urbem a., Cic : 
 to a. the highest ridge of a mountain, 
 summuin jugum montls a.. Caes.: U> a. 
 therostra, in rostra s. cuncioiiem a., Cic: 
 l.lv. Kig. : to a. to the highest position 
 in a state, in summuin lucum civitatis 
 a., Cic: to a. from less to greater tilings, 
 a minoribus ad inajora a., Cic: the voice 
 a.s by cUgiees, gr.ulatim a. vox, Oic 
 3. conscendo, j (.ess freq. 111 prose, 
 except in sense of lu mount, embark, 
 q. V.) : to a. m^nintains, wonlvn cCaL: 
 Virg. 4. escendo, } : to a. from a 
 deep ivell to the surface, ex alto puieo ad 
 sunimum e., PL: to a. into the lostra, 
 in rostra c, Cic. ; rostra e., fac (v. also 
 supr. 2). 5. suctedo, cessi. cessum, i 
 (with ace. : whereas with dot., except io 
 poetry, it means to com- up to. q. v.): 
 toa. </*<; i<a/is, muros s., Liv. . Tac : the 
 higher he a.'d (of the (iaiil climbing the 
 Capitol), quo succe.ss<ril magis in itrdu- 
 um, Liv. : poet, with dat. : to a. the lofty 
 sky, alto coelo s., Virg. Fig.: to a. to 
 the highest honour, ad summum s. ho- 
 noreni. Lucr. : Virg. 6. sulieo, ivi 
 
 and ii, itum, 4 (sanu- conslr. assuccedo): 
 1/ the Komuns should attempt toa.Vit 
 hill, si Kumani s. collem conareniur, 
 Hirt. : Liv.. rain-natiT is capable of 
 a.ing and floating in the air, imbrium 
 aqua s. potest, ac pendere in a'-re, Plla 
 7. egredior, gre.ssus. j (=to makt 
 one's way to a point): to a. too high, 
 altiuse., Ov.: to a. to the top of a mown/ 
 
 49
 
 ASC EN D A N T 
 
 ASHES 
 
 ASK 
 
 tain, ad sumtntini nmntis e.. Sail. 8. 
 eniior, nisvis, j (implying an effort in the 
 ascent); to a. the Alps, Alpes e., Tac. 
 9, evado, vasi. vasum, ; (e-p. 
 poet.) : she had a.'d the loftv steps, pradus 
 evaserat altos, Virg. : Li v. : v. to molnt. 
 CLIMB, RISE. Phr.: to a. the throne 
 regnum susripere : v.TO scccekd to. 
 
 ascendant (s«fe.) ; "O"' chiefly used 
 
 in the phrase to be in the ascemlavt, of 
 (me rising to greater ami greater eini 
 vence (a figure borrowed from astrology). 
 Phr. : mch were the vicissitiuies of for- 
 tune in these times, that vo"- the one 
 party, now the other vas in the a., tanta 
 varietas his temporibus fuit fortunae lit 
 modo hi mode illi in sumnio e^sent fas- 
 tigio, Nep. : the influence nf the wisest 
 xras conijileleln in the a., audoriUssnpi- 
 entissiniorum maxime flurebat, Cic. 
 Rep. 2, M (but neither of the ab"ve 
 phrases exactly expresses the idea of the 
 English: we may prosjiically expr. 
 snch a sentence as " the star of Caesar 
 was in the a.," by, Caesar in dies major 
 Seri ; illuc cuncta vergere : of. Tac. 
 
 A. I, j): V. .4SCENDEKCY. 
 
 ascendency : i e. superior influence : 
 
 1. pOtentia (esp. used of power or 
 Influence exerted without constitutional 
 right) : against thefation and a. of the 
 feu-, contra factionem et p- paucorum, 
 Sal!.: he invidinushj maligned my a., 
 meam p. invidiose criminabatur, Cic. 
 
 2, auctorilas: v. AtJTHORiTV, IN- 
 FLUEXCE. Phr.: the democracy gained 
 the a., populus superior factus (est), 
 Nep. : to hare the a., superiorein esse. 
 Cic. : Nep. : to gain an a. over a person 
 (i.e. to gain a strong inftuenre over 
 him), aliquem sibi devincire, Cic: v. 
 
 TO ATTACH. 
 
 ascension: v. ascen-t. Phr.: the 
 
 AncensUm, Christi in coelum asrensio. 
 Aug.: Ascension-day, Dies Ascensionis 
 Domini, Ecc!.- festum ascensionis Do- 
 minicae : Du Cangc. 
 ascent: I. The act of ascevdvig . 
 1. Kxpr. by verb : as, dui-ing the 
 a. to' the summit, dum in sumnium 
 ascenditur: v. to ascend. 2. ascen- 
 sus. us: they began to hinder the fore- 
 mast from the a., primos prohibere 
 ascensu coepemnt, Caes. Fig.: an a. 
 toadegreeof higher honour, ad honoris 
 amplioris gradum a., Cic. ||. The 
 
 nay or means of ascending : ascensus : 
 a difficult andsteepa., a. difficilis alque 
 arduus, Cic. |||, Iwlinatinn or slope 
 
 upwards : q, v. Phr. : the road has an 
 a. of not less than a foot in 2nn, via 
 libramentahabet fastigata non minus in 
 centenos pedes semiped^ (cf. Vitr. 8, 6, i). 
 ascertain: I. To mahe certain : 
 V. to DEFtXF, PROVE. ||. 7b obtain 
 certain knowledge -. 1. compiirio, pgri, 
 penum.^: tlieiia.'d that a bridge nas 
 being made, poniem fieri comperenmt, 
 Caes. . he had a.'d this from sure in- 
 formants, id certis auctoribus comper- 
 erat, Cic. (A stronger expression is 
 compertura habere ; which denotes the 
 possession of well-grounded knowledge : 
 AS, I have a 'd that vords do not make 
 men brave, compertum habeo verba vir- 
 tutem non addere. Sail.) 2. rgperio, 
 4: Pythagoras is a.'d to have come 
 to .^ybaris. Syl)arim Pythagoras venisse 
 reperitur. Cic: Caes. : v. to learn. 
 
 ascertainable : quod comperiri pot- 
 est : V. to ascertain 
 
 ascertainment: cognitio: the a. of 
 facts, rernm c, Cic. : Quint. (But usu. 
 better expr. by ger. or other part of 
 verb : V. to AS(ERTArs.)_ 
 
 ascetic ("4?) ■" ascettcus : M. L. 
 (Gr. ao-icrjTiKO!) : v. also abstinent. 
 
 ascetic (.f"''?.): asceta. to.: M.I/.; 
 afemah <j., ascetria : .Just.Nov.: places 
 of retirement for a.s, asceteria, orum, 
 Ood. Justin. 
 
 ascetism: 1. nimla continenlla in 
 
 ▼ictu omni atque cultu. Cic Off 2, 24. 
 
 2, nimia teniperantia in victu, Cic. 
 
 Tusc. '?, 20, ;t. 3. immanitas In vol- 
 
 nptatibus aspemandis, Cic. Part. 2?. 81. 
 
 ascites (« '^■'"^ of dropsy) : ascites, 
 ae, TO. : Coel. Aur. 
 SO 
 
 ascititions: v. addition a i,. 
 
 asclepiad: metrum asclepiadeum 
 Diom. 
 
 ascribable: ascribendus. etc.: v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 ascribe: I- '''" ''</''''■ *"• "* '" a 
 
 to use. 1! a(}judIco, i- Pompey often 
 a.d to me the safety of this empire, Pom- 
 peius saepe hujus mihi salutem imperii 
 adjuriicavit, Cic. 2. ascribo, scripsi, 
 scriptiim, i . this loss is to be a.d tn 
 •■ripin. hoc incommodum Scipioni ascri- 
 liendum est, Cic. 3. assigno, i : do 
 nut a. this to my dishoneMi/. ne hoc im- 
 probitati meae assignes, Cic. : vx a. all 
 fortunate events to your pi udence, omnia 
 prospera tuo consilio assignamus, Liv. 
 4. attriliuo, tii, atum, j: uea.good 
 results to tlte gods, bonos exitiis diis at- 
 tribuimus, Cic— (N'OTE. The four pre- 
 ceding words do not materially differ 
 from each other ; except that adjudico 
 denotes a more formal e.\pression of 
 op nion than the rest.) 5. confgro, 
 tiili. latum, } (espec in phr. culpam. 
 laudem conf., and the like): to a. ones 
 vices to old age. sua. vil\a. in senectutera 
 c, Cic: Lucr. 6- refero, j (i.e. to 
 refer to as a cause : q. v.) to a. every- 
 thing to fiery force, omnia ad igneani 
 vim referre, Cic 7- conggro, gessi, 
 gestum. J (i.e. to hejip upon; to accu- 
 mulate praise, honour, blame, etc. upon 
 any one) : all would a. to them the I/lame 
 of the land being devastated, and of the 
 imminent dangers, omnes vastati agri 
 periculorumque inuuinentium causas in 
 se congesturos, Liv. : Cic. 8- traho, 
 traxi, tractum, ; (usu. of what is nn- 
 fairlii or inco/ r«!c</.i/ ascribed) . they a. 
 'to the consul the honour of taking Xola, 
 captae decus Nulae ad consulem trahunt, 
 Liv. : whatever was rash was a.d to 
 brarery, omnia non bene consulla in 
 virtu tem trahebantur. Sail. Phr.: to 
 the Roman jie^ple must he a.d the praise 
 that that citi/ was pre.serval, Populi R. 
 1ms est, urbem illam es.se servatam, 
 Cic. : TO?/ inspiration and my power to 
 please la. to thee, quod spiro et placeo, 
 tuiim est, Hor. ||. To refer to, as to 
 a possessor or author: v. to attribite. 
 ascrintion: expr. by part of verb: 
 as, to join in the a. of praise to any 
 one, uno ore alicui laudem tribuere, 
 cunmlare, congerere : v. TO attribute, 
 
 AS( KIBE. 
 
 ash-tree : 1. fraxinus.i,/. ; Virg. 
 Hor.: Plin. 2. «Tnvs,\,f. (the flower- 
 ing ash): Virg.: Hor.: Plln. 3. *py- 
 rusaucup;iria(<Ae mountain-ash) : Linn. 
 
 asb, ashen: 1. fra.\in6us: Virg.: 
 Ov. 2. fraxinus: Ov. 3. orngus : 
 CoL 
 
 ash-colored: cmergus: Col.: Pim. 
 
 ashamed: 1, pfidilmndus: .^hewilt 
 minqle inth the wanton sat'/rs some- 
 uhat a., iniererit satyris paulum pudi- 
 bnnda protervis, Hor. : o. and sorrow- 
 ful, p. ac moereus, Plin. 2. pudore 
 conf&sus : Ov. 
 
 , be or feel : piWet, uit or 
 
 piiditum est. 2 (witli ace. of the person 
 who experiences, and gen. or inf. mood 
 of that which e.\cit-s the feeling) : there 
 are men nhoaie neither a. nor vexed at 
 their infamy, sunt homines quos inta- 
 miae suae neque pudeat, ncque taodeat, 
 Cic : ire are a. of our scars, cicatricum 
 pudet, Hor. : I should be a.':hnmed to say 
 I did not understand, puderet me dicere 
 non intelligere, Cic. also with supine 
 in u: / am a. to sai/, pudet dictu, 
 Tac. -(Xote. In Plaiilus is lound the 
 personal form pudeo : Cas. ;. 2, 5.) To 
 feel somewhat a., suppiidet (constr. .same 
 as that of the simple verl >) : Cic P h r. • 
 / am a., mihi rubor suffundiiur. Sen 
 (V. TO Bi.usH) : to fortify irnesef against 
 beinga., se contra pudorem munire, Tac 
 ashes : 1. cinis, eris, TO. rarely/, 
 (in ordin:irv sense usu. sing.; in fig. 
 sense, and esp. of the a'\es of the dead, 
 more tnquently pi.) : lye aslies, c. lixi- 
 vius. Col.: PI.: ashes extinct and al- 
 ready cold, c. extinctus et Jam frigidus. 
 Suet. ■ to reduce to fmoke and ashes, 
 vertere in fumum et ciiierem, Hor. 
 
 (bill in ordinary language to reduce to 
 ashes may best be expre.ssed by con- 
 cnmare v. to consume, burn). F i g. 
 of a dangerous work: you walk over 
 fires cofcealeil beneath the treacherout 
 a., incedis per ignes suppositos ciiieri 
 doloso, Hor. : the a. of one's nativeland, 
 cineres patriae, Virg. Ksp. of the a. of 
 the dead: he besought him by the a. of 
 his dead b) o(ft«)-, obsecravit per Iratris 
 svii mortui cinerem, Cic. : svear bi/ the 
 a. of your patron, jura per patroni tul 
 cineres. Quint. 2. favilla Qiot a.: 
 
 only sing.): cinders and cast-out a., 
 cineres ejectataque f., Ov. : Plin.: ymt 
 u-ill sprinkle vith thetear that is due the 
 glmving a. of the poet, calentem debits 
 sparges lacrima favillara vatis, Hor.: 
 Virg. : V. embers. 3. lix. Ucis. / 
 
 (rare): Plin Phr.: to repent in sacJc- 
 cloth and a., *in cilicio et rinrr- poen- 
 itentiam exercere, Vulg. (but the ex- 
 pression is unclassical ; the Rom.in mode 
 of exhibiting grief being simiily ttie 
 wearing of unwashed, foul garments: 
 whence the phr. sordidatum, atratum 
 esse : V. TO MOURN, mourning). 
 
 ashlar: caementa, orum : Cic: Liv.: 
 Vitr. 
 
 ashore : I. ^" to the shore : Phr.; 
 to go ashore (from a ressel), in tenam 
 egredi, Cic; in terram evadere. Liv. : to 
 drive a ship n.. navem in terram ejicere, 
 Caes.: the soldiers had been put a., mi- 
 ' lites ex navibiis erant expositi, Caes. : 
 the trireme come a. in the country of the 
 Chauci. triremis Chaucorum terram ap- 
 pulit, Tac II. Ontheshore: Phr.: 
 many snares have been laid for me both 
 a. and a/?oa«, multae mihi insidiae terra 
 manque factae sunt, Cic. : v. shore, 
 
 LAND. 
 
 Asb-Wednesdav: Dies cinens et 
 c'lii ii, qui caput jejuni! dicitur, Synod, 
 ap. Du Cange. 
 
 ashy : cinfrScens : o. earth, c. terra, 
 Plin. : an a. colour, c color, Plin. 
 
 Asiatic: asiaticus: Cic: PHn. 
 
 aside: v. apart. Phr.: T kept 
 sayi7ig something, I hmow not vhat. 
 a. to my slave, in aurem dicere nescio 
 1 quid pnero. Hor.: T saida., O B"lanusl 
 happy in thy choleric vein. te BolaneJ 
 cerebri felicem, aieb mi lacitus, Hor. 
 
 asinine: I. f'ertainingtotheass: 
 asininus: Varr.: Plin. ||, Stupid, q. 
 v.: stsndus: v. also ass. 
 
 ask: \. To request beg : 1. rogo, i 
 (foil, by ut' or ne and subj. : also by a 
 double ace. when the second is a neuter 
 pronoun) : your brother asks you not to 
 go farther awau, rogat te frater ne long- 
 ius abeas, Ter. : for this I urgently ask 
 you again and again, hoc te yehementer 
 etiam atque eti'am rogo, Cic: also in 
 the poets with a full double accusative 
 (like posco) : as, he a.s the gods for 
 ease, otium divos rogat, Hor. 2, I^tor 
 
 v. TO BF.C. 3. POSCO: V. TO CLAIM, 
 
 DEMAND.— Note. Pogo is the ordinary 
 word for to ask. as one would put a re- 
 quest to an equal : peto is to beg, petition 
 for. esp. of a request made to a sup- 
 erior: posro implies a c'aim on the 
 part of the person asking: postulo is 
 even stronger than poSCO : vrhWefngito, 
 eflliigilonre used only of inipoi-lunaie or 
 clamorous demands. ||. To interro- 
 gate, inijuire : 1. rfigo, I : la. wha 
 she iX quae sit rogo. Ter.: vhuda you 
 a. me that f I snid -. ask the Stoics, qiiid 
 me isludrogas? inqinm; Stoicos roga, 
 Cic. : to a. about >i"u. de te rogare, Cic. : 
 he first was a.'d his opinion, primus ro- 
 gatus est senlen'iam. Sail. To a. again 
 and again, roeiio. 1 (freq.): they re- 
 peateii >i a. hoir I am, rogitant me ut 
 valeam, PI.: Virg. 2. interr5go, I 
 (unlike rogo, never used in sense 1): 
 answer what I a. you, hoc quod te 
 interrogo responde, PI.: do you a. me 
 whether 'l bid you go') into exile t inter- 
 rogas num in exilium ? Cic. : when he 
 was a.'d whether he thought more of his 
 father or of his mother, is cum interroga- 
 retur utrum pluris patrem matremno 
 faceret. Nep. 3. percontor (percono- 
 tor), I : i. q. interrogo : a. him how Aa
 
 ASKANCE 
 
 ASSASSIN 
 
 ASSAY 
 
 does, ut valval percunctare. Hor. : Quint. : 
 ». TO ENQUIRE. 4. quaero, quaesivi, 
 quaesitnm. ? (usu. with prep, ex or ab): 
 he a.'d hit ph 'isiciam how he iras, quae- 
 sivit a medicis quemadmwliim se ha- 
 bere!, .N'ep. : haring a.'d wlieilier Caesar 
 had come, quaesito (neut. alil. absnl.) an 
 Caes;ir vcnisset, Tac. : v. TO enquire; 
 QUESTION (su''S.). 5. sciscltor, I: to a. 
 any one's opinion, sontentiiim e.\ aliquo 
 s., Cic. : to a. the consul's ii-ish, consulis 
 voluntaU'in s., Liv. 6. scitor, i : to 
 a. and inquire the causes, scitari ot 
 quaerere causius. Virp. : he a.s nhi/ she 
 comes, quid %'euiat scitatur, Ov. : v. to 
 
 INQUIRE. 
 
 askance: Phr.: to look a., hmis 
 oculis aspicere, I'l. : she smiled a., limis 
 subrisit (jcellis, Ov. : v. ohi.iquf,i,v. 
 
 asker: pi-nontritor: ri.: Hor. (or 
 expr by part of verb: as, to turn av-ay 
 front a.s, rogantes aversari): v. to ask. 
 
 aslant: oblique: v. obliquel". 
 
 asleep, to be : dormio, 4 : to bzfast 
 a., arote et graviter d., Cic. P h r. : Ca- 
 niniiis has not been a. during his whole 
 consulship, Caniiiius suo toto consulatu 
 soiimum non vidit, Cic. : he wfien a. has 
 true visions, is vera cernit in somnis, 
 Cic : V. .sLKKi'. 
 
 asleep, to fall: 1. obdomiisco, 
 
 J : II hat is better than to fall a. in the 
 mitlst of the laUmr of lifet quid me- 
 lius quam in medil< viiae laburibus o. ? 
 Cic; Suet. 2. obdormlo, 4: Knd'i- 
 mion fell asleep in Lntnios. Knd,\ niion 
 in Latino obdormivit, Cic : Suet. P h r. : 
 I fell a. more soundly than nsual, me 
 arctior quam solebat somnus complexus 
 est, Cic 
 asleep, to put : 1. sopio, 4 : ta 
 
 put a. men overcome u-ith u-ine, s. vino 
 oneratos, Liv. : Tib. 2. consopi", 4 
 (stronger than preceding) : /CnUi/mion 
 is thought to hate been put a. by I, una, 
 Kndymion a Luna consopitus putatur, 
 Cic 3. s6poro. i (e.-p. of the effect of a 
 sleeping draught) : opium puts the mind 
 a.,opium mentems., .Scrib. : v. to lull. 
 
 asleep, half: seralsomnus or is, e : 
 Virg. : Liv. 
 
 asp. aspis, Idis./. : Cic: Plin. 
 
 asparagus : asparagus : Plin. : Suet. : 
 wild a., curruda, Plin. : acanthillis, idis, 
 /. .• Apul. 
 
 aspect : I, T-M>k, appearance : q. v. : 
 aspectus, lis, visus, iis, fonna, facics. 
 Phr. : the folio ing is the a. of city 
 affairs, urbanae res sic se habent, Cic: 
 tuch is the a. of public ajl'aiis, haec 
 sunt in republica.Cic : you fee the entire 
 a. of my affairs, qui sit reruin status 
 noster vides, Cic. : nothing could be more 
 desperate than the a. of public affairs, 
 republica nihil desperatius, Cic. ||. 
 Countenance : q. v. : vultus, us. |||, 
 Fosition ; with respect to prospect or ex- 
 posure. Phr.. thepaHof the city vhich 
 had a sea a., urbis pars quae ad mare 
 spectabat, Cic: let winter dining-rooms 
 have a western a., hiberna triclinia occid- 
 cntem spectent, Vitr. : t>edriioms ought 
 to have an eastern a., cnbicula ad orient- 
 em spectare deb^nt. Vitr. |V, Tfte 
 relative situation of the planets : aspect- 
 ns: v. Plin. 2, 68. 
 
 aspen: *pnpulus tremiila: Linn, 
 (the tree which Pliny describes as pupu- 
 1ns foliis ludeniibus, is supposed lo be 
 the aspen). 
 
 asperity : acerbltas : V. ROUGHNESS, 
 
 SEVERITY, MOROSENESS. 
 
 asperse: aspergo, spersi, spersum, 
 } (with some defining word): to a. a 
 TTian (n-ith abuse or calumny), aliquem 
 lingua a., Auct. Her. : v. to slander, 
 
 CALUMNIATE. 
 
 asperser: calumniator: V. SLANDERER. 
 
 aspersion : opprobrium : v. re- 
 proach, SLANDER. 
 
 asphalt: bltilmen, inis, «.: Tac: 
 Plin. 
 
 asphaltic ; bitumlnStus, Plin. : bi- 
 tiimlnf us, Ov. . v. bitu.minous. 
 
 aSDhodel : 1, aspliodelus: Plin. 
 2. albuciis: Apul. (Plin. uses this 
 word (o designate the stalk of the as- 
 p&odeT). 
 
 asphyxia : asphyxia : M. L. 
 
 aspic : ^. asp. 
 
 aspirant : 1. appetens, entis (prop, 
 a participle): Jugurtha vas an a. for 
 miliuini renou-n, erat Jugurtha apjiet- 
 ens glorlae militaris, Sail. 2. affec- 
 
 tator- an a. for love, amoris a., Kutr. 
 3. appCiilor: ana. for praise, a. 
 lauiiiuii, Aiiim. : v. candidate. 
 
 aspirated'-): aspiro, l (with dat.): 
 to a. consonants, consonamibus a.. Quint. 
 Phr.: our aruxstors used to a. voirels 
 only, miijorcs iiusquam nisi in vocali 
 aspiratioue uiebantur, Cic. 
 
 aspirate (subs.) : |. The rough 
 
 breathing or its mark: 1, aspiratiouis 
 iiota: Quint. 2. spirltus asper: Prise 
 II, An a.d sound or its symliol : 
 voris Konus .If. litera cui aspiratio adjic- 
 itur (cf. Quilt, i, 5, 19). 
 
 aspiration: I, Uram. ;.<..- a.'^pi- 
 
 ratio: Cic: Quint.: v. aspirate. ||. 
 Anient desire, clivjly for uhat is noble 
 and elevated: affictatio : phiVisophy is 
 hive for and a. after u-isdom, philosophia 
 sapientiae amor est et a.. Sen.: a. after 
 suj/reme power, imperii a.. Suet. Phr.: 
 young men ought to hare lofty a.s,}U- 
 venes magna spectare debent, Cic. : v. 
 TO aspire. 
 
 aspire : 1. afTecto, i : to a. to royal 
 poirer, regnuni a., Liv. : Ov, : the honour 
 to which he a.d, honor quern affectabat, 
 Suet. 2. peto, ivi, iium, j: to a. to 
 gfory, gloriam p.. Sail. : to a, to supre- 
 mxicy in eloquence, eloquentiae princip- 
 atum p., Cic. 3. specto, i : to a. 
 
 high, alte spectare, Cic : the eloquence 
 towhich la., ea eloquenria quam specto, 
 Cic: / have aluai/s a.d to being con- 
 nected u-ith you as doseli/ as fiossihle, 
 spectavi semper ut tibi posseni quam 
 niaxime esse conjunctus, Cic. 4. spiro, 
 I : to a. to lofty things, altum s., Stat. : 
 to a. to greater things, m:cjora s. Curt. 
 Phr.: ilettllus tvamed JUarius not to a. 
 beyond Ai^ condiiion, Metellus Marium 
 monebatne super fortunamanimum ger- 
 eret. Sail.: v. to .strive after.— Note. 
 The verb aspiro (ads.) appears some- 
 times to be used in the sense of to aspire, 
 esp. after negative or virtually negative 
 sentences: as, in Virg. 12, ^52: "nee 
 equis aspirat Achillis,' or in Cic. Brut. 
 21 : "ex bellica l.iude asplrare ad Alri- 
 canum nemo potest:" but the meaning 
 of the expression seems rather to be 
 " (not) to be able to get near e^mugh to 
 breathe ujxm :'' v. to approach. 
 
 aspiring (<My) •• appetens, entis 
 (with (/en.); a. after glory and gieedy 
 of praise, a. gloriae atque avidus laudis, 
 Cic: Sail. 
 
 asquint : <<> look as., strabonem esse, 
 Cic. : perversis simis ocuUs esse, Cic. : 
 v. to squint. 
 
 ass: I. Lit: the animal: ^inus: 
 Cic. : a young ass, an ass's colt, or sim- 
 ply (poet.), an ass, asellus : Cic : Virg. : 
 Hor.: Ov.. a she a,s.<!, asina : Varr.: Plin.: 
 a small or young she ass, asella, Ov.: a 
 I'ild ass, Snager or iinagrus, Virg. : 
 I'lin.: an ass-driver, asinarius, Cato : 
 asses' milk, lac asinorum, Plin. ||, 
 
 K i g. : a stupid person : 1. asinus : 
 Ter. : PI. 2, vervex, ecis, m. (prop. 
 
 a sheep): PI.: Juv. : v. FOOL, simple- 
 ton, blockhead. 
 
 assail : 1. appSto, i\i, Itum, J : 
 the life of his son was often a.'d by open 
 violence ami by treachery, filii vita saepe 
 ferro atque insidiis appetita est, Cic. 
 Fig.: a.'d bi/ every insult, ignominiis 
 omnibus appeiiuis. Quint. 2. "p- 
 
 pugno, I : to a. a camp, castra op.. Cues. 
 Fig.: to a. any one with mon^y, ali- 
 quem pecunia op., Cic- v. to attack, 
 ASSAULT. 3. invghor, vectus, ? (of 
 
 assailing n-itli abuse, etc.) : v. to in- 
 
 VEICH AGArNST. 
 
 assailable : qui oppugnan potest 
 assailant, assailer: oppugnator: 
 
 the a. ol his country, o. patriae, Cic: 
 the a. of my safety, o. raeae salutis, 
 Cic. (or expr. by part, of verb : as, a 
 place suitable for the a.s, locus oppug- 
 nantibus opportunus: v. to as.sail.) 
 assassin: 1. percussor : an a. was 
 
 apprehended u-ith a dagger in hit po^ 
 session, p. deprebensus est cum sica, Cic. : 
 a nocturnal a., mctumus p., Petr. 2. 
 sicarius (esp. of one who maket murdo" 
 hit trade) ; an old a., vetus s., Cic : 
 Hor. 3. Iftnista (f i g. : prop, a m<u- 
 ter of gladiators) : Cic: v. murderer. 
 
 assassinate: insidiis o)[>er insidias 
 interficio, leci, ledum, ! : Maicrllus had 
 been a.d, Marcellus insidiis interfectug 
 erat, Cic. : vhat had he done that you 
 wished to a. him f quiit fecerat quod 
 eum per insidias interficere voluistis? 
 
 Cic. : V. TO MURDER. 
 
 assassination: 1. caedes, is,/.; 
 
 to hii e any one to commit an u., aliquem 
 ad caedem facii'iidam cotiduci-re, Cic: 
 Clodius effected the a. of many prix-att 
 persons, Clodius multoruin privatonim 
 caedes effecit, Cic. 2. glaillus (by 
 
 nx on.): there is impunit'/for aj, gla- 
 diorum est impunitas, Cic. 3, sica 
 (by melon.): hence aj, hence poisonings, 
 hence forged V}ills proceed, hinc s>cae 
 hinc venena, hinc falsa testamenta nas- 
 cuntur, Cic. Phr. : an inijuiry into a 
 charge of a., quaesiio inter sicarios. Cic. ; 
 to dffend or accuse any one on a charge 
 of a., aliquem inter sicarios delendere 
 accusare, Cic. : v. murder. 
 
 assault (subs.) •" \, A hostile and 
 violent onset: 1, impetus, lis (i e. a 
 sudden rush or onset : q. v.) : to attack a 
 town with a vigoi out a., oppidiim magno 
 i. oppugnare, Caes. 2, I'ppugnatio 
 
 (more comprehensive than the preced- 
 ing, and including the whole offensive 
 operations of a siege) : a.s of ton-ns, op- 
 pidoram oppugnationes, Cic. : lo sustain 
 an a., oppugnationem susiinere. Caes. 
 3, vis, /. (i.e. violent attack, a» 
 opp. to blockade): the town could be 
 taken neither by a. nor by blockade, op- 
 pidum nee vi nee munimento capi pot- 
 erat Liv. 4. impressio (i.e. an attack 
 of troops which presses hard upon the 
 enemy) : to make an a., dare im., Liv. ; 
 im. facere, Liv.: Varr. 5. assultus, as 
 (lit a. springing upon : rare) : he prettet 
 the place by various a.s, locum variis «. 
 urget Virg. Phr.: the walls aie taken 
 by a., moeniascaliscapiuntur, Liv. : v. To 
 STORM. II. Violence exercised OT threat- 
 ened against a person (ligal t. t.) : J. 
 VIS. vim, vi,/. : this is an a., indeed! to 
 lie both dragged and puslied at the same 
 time, vis haec qtiidem est et tralii et tnidi 
 simul! PI. : [charge you to commit no 
 a. upon her, edico tibi ne vim facias 
 ullam in illam, Ter.: he had committed 
 an a. upon me, mihi vim et manus in- 
 tulerat, Cic: he kept shouting out at 
 the top of his voice that I was commit- 
 ting an a. upon him, voce maxima vim 
 me sibi afferre elamabat, Cic. : a person 
 charged with a., de vi reus, Cic. K s p. 
 a "criminal " assault: the tribune teas 
 Inlled by him ujmn whom he uas com- 
 mitting a c. a., tribunus interfectus ab 
 eo est cui vim afferebat, Cic: a c. a. oti 
 a II Oman, vis illata mulieri, Ov.: v. 
 rape. 2. maims,/. (in/)Z. ; only in 
 certain phr.): to commit an a. upon any 
 one, aliciii maims afferre, inferre, Cic. : 
 vis and manus are sometimes comb< 3d 
 in this sense: v. supr. (1). 
 
 assault (c): I. To employ force 
 iii/ninst: 1. adOrior. ortus, 4 : to a. a 
 city, urbem vi adoriri. Liv. : Cic. 2. 
 oppugno, I : to a. a camp, castra o., 
 Caes. : to a. a town, oppidum 0., Cic. : 
 
 V. TO .ATTACK, ASSAIL. ||. Legal t.t. ; 
 
 v. .\SSAULT (suhs. II.). 
 
 assaulter : ^'- assailant. 
 
 assay (.subs.): i.e. trial of metals: 
 1. obrussa (only of gold): fire i$ 
 the test of gold ; that they call the assay, 
 aiiri experimontum ignis est ; id obrua- 
 sam vocant, Plin. : Suet. K i g. ; reason 
 must be applied as the assay, adhibenda 
 est tanquam obnissa ratio, Cic. 2. 
 spectatio (in a looser sense) : deductions 
 used to be made from the vhole sum on 
 account of the assay and agio, ex omni 
 pecunia deductiones fieri solebant pro 
 speclatione et collybo, Cic. 3. e:^>S- 
 rimentum: v. supr. (1. I'nit.) 
 
 assay (»•): I- ^ 'n/ ^tetak:
 
 ASSAY-BALANCE 
 
 ASSESSMENT 
 
 ASSIGNABLE 
 
 specto, I (only in a loose sense) : to give 
 silver to be a.'d, argentum dare spec- 
 tandum, PI. : gold is a.'d by fire, spec- 
 tatur in ignibus aurum, Ov. ||, To 
 attempt (q. v.) : Conor, tento v. TO try. 
 assay-balance : statera ad obms- 
 
 gam ; V. BALANCE. 
 
 assayer, assay-master: pecuniae 
 
 spectator, Donat : monetae aequator, 
 Inscr. qui obrussae praeest. 
 
 assemblage: 1. congregatlo : an 
 a. of arguments, c. argumentorum. 
 Quint 2, congeries, ei,/. : an a. of 
 corpses, c. cadaverum, Val. Fl. v. col- 
 
 liECTION, HEAP, ACCUMULATION. 
 
 assemble : A. t r a n s. • 1. cogo, 
 cfiegi, coactum, j: to a. an army into 
 one place, exercitum in unum locum c, 
 Caes. : / a.d the senate, senatum coegi, 
 Cic. 2. contralio, xi, ctum, j : to a. 
 an army into one place, exercitum in 
 unum locum c, Caes. : to a. a large fleet, 
 0. magnam classem, Nep. 3. com- 
 pello, puli, pulsuni, } (usu. of forcible 
 action): he a.d scattered men into one 
 plate, dispersos homines compulit unum 
 in locum, Cic. 4. concleo, civi, citum, 
 2; or concio, 4 (by mental stimulus): 
 to a. men by the iconder of a new thing, 
 homines miraculo rei novae conciere, 
 Liv, : to a. an army from the whole 
 island, exercitum ex tola insula c, Liv. 
 
 5, conduce, duxi, ductum, j (Ut. to 
 lead together) : to a. an army into one 
 place, exercitum in unum locum c, 
 Caes. : to a. auxiliaries, auxilia C; Liv. 
 
 6. convoco, I (lit. to call together: 
 V. TO CONVEKE) : to a. scattered men to 
 community of life, dissipatos homines in ■ 
 societatem vitae c, Cic. : v. to collect, 
 BRING TOGETHER. 7. congrego, I: V. 
 
 TO GATHER TOGETHER. B. I "- 
 
 trans. 1. c6eo, 4 : the soldiers a., 
 
 milites c, Caes. thousands of hornets a., 
 millia crabrorum p., Ov. 2. convenlo, 
 veni, ventum. 4: the soldiers had a.d 
 out of the province, milites ex provincia 
 conveneraiit, Caes.: they did not cease 
 secretly to a. together, non desistebant 
 clam inter se c, Cic: v. to meet to- 
 gether. 3. congrego, i (in pass, or 
 ■with pron. rejl.) : v. to gather to- 
 gether. 
 
 assembly: 1. coetus, us: an a. 
 of spirits, c. animorum, Cic: an a. of 
 married ladies, niatronarum c, Cic. : 
 Virg. 2. con veil tus, us (like the pre- 
 ceding, applirable 10 any a.) : Fersius 
 is laughed at by the whole a., Persius ri- 
 detur ab omni c, Hor. : Cic. : Liv. 3. 
 concilium (a formal a. and usu. a large 
 one) : an a. of the gods, c. deorum, Cic. : 
 to proclaim, give notice of an a., c. in- 
 dicere, Liv. : to convene an a., c. convo- 
 care, Caes. ; c. vocare, Virg. : to hold an 
 a. of the people, c. plebis habere, Cic. : 
 to adjourn an a. {to anothei' place), 
 c. transferre, Caes. : to dismiss an a., 
 c. diraittere, Caes. 4. consilium 
 
 (usu. o select assembly for deliberation) : 
 the supreme a. of the icorld, summum 
 c. orbis terrae, Cic. 5. conlio (an 
 
 a. convoked by authority, aTul for the 
 purpose of hearing an a/tdress) : to 
 summon an a. of the people, c. popnli 
 advocare, Sail. : to summon an a. of 
 toldios, c. militura advocare, Caes. : 
 what I saul in the ^ popular) a.s, quae 
 in contionibus dixi, Cic. 6. comitia, 
 orum (tbe historical name for three 
 great a.s of the Roman people, viz. : c. 
 curiata, tributa, centuriala : v. Diet. Ant. 
 8. V.) : to propose a law at the centuriate 
 a., legem ferre comitiis cenluriatis, Cic: 
 the curiate a. has only remaimd for the 
 take of Ihe auspices, c. curiata timtum 
 amspiciorum causa remanserunt, Cic. : v. 
 elections. 7. consessus, us (any a. 
 of seated persons) : tlie crowded a. of the 
 theatre, frcqunns c. theatri, Cic. : Virg. 
 8, conveniicUlum (a small or petty 
 a.): Cic. 9. acr6asis, is, f. (an a. of 
 learned persons, coneersazione: rare): 
 Cic 10. corona (an a. of people 
 
 standing round): Cic: Ov. : v. coun- 
 cil. CONCOUaSE. 
 
 assembly-room: perh. conctliabu- 
 Inm (not strictly o room ; but denoting 
 
 Si 
 
 a minor place of a., whether in Ihe 
 open air or not : in Tert. the places of 
 public amusement are called conciliabula 
 spectaculorum : v. Forcell. s. v.) ; Liv. ; 
 Tac. : or "atrium ad coetus habendos. 
 
 assent (subs.) .- 1. assenslo : popu- 
 lar a., popularis a., Cic: frequent ex- 
 pressions of a., crebrae assensiones, Cic. 
 2. assensus, us . to speak idth the 
 assent of all, assensu omnium dicere, 
 Cic. . Liv.: to withholdone's a., a. cohib- 
 ere, Cic. P h r. : he will not be able to 
 withhold a. on the other points, in reli- 
 quls rebus non poterit insistere, Cic: 
 with my a., me assentienle (v. to as- 
 sent) . or, meo assensu : v. supr. (2) • v. 
 
 CONSENT. 
 
 assent ("■) ; 1. assentio, si, sum, 
 4: his fellow-citizens alu ays a.'d to his 
 wishes, ejus semper voluntatibus cives 
 assenserunt, Cic. 2. assentior, sus, 4 
 (the dep. is more usual: v. Cell. 2, 25 
 fin.) : to a. to any one's opinion, a. ali- 
 cui, Cic. (v. TO AGREE WITH) : tlicy a.'d 
 to the opinion, sententiae sunt assensi, 
 Cic. 3. concedo, cessi, cessum, j : v. 
 TO grant (II. 2), YIELD. 4, annuo 
 
 (adn.), iii, iitum, j (strictly to nod by 
 way of assent) : it may be that he spoke 
 in anger : Silus a.s, fieri potest ut is 
 iratus dixerit: Silus annuit, Cic: also 
 with dat. : to a. to a request, petenti a., 
 Virg. ; v. TO COMPLY WITH. 5. sub- 
 scribo, ^cripsl, scriptum, j (prop, to put 
 one's signature to: hence to endoise, 
 support, consent to): J have a.'d to your 
 desire, desiderio tuo subscripsi, 'I'raJ. ad 
 Plin. : v. TO second, to agree, ap- 
 prove. 
 
 assenter : 1. acceptor ; / was an 
 a. to their false words, illorum verbis 
 falsis a. fiii, PI. 2, assensor: Cic 
 
 (But usu. better expr. by verb: v. to 
 assent.") 
 
 assentingly : *assentientis s. annu- 
 enlis niodo . v. to assent. 
 
 assert : I. '^o affirm positively : 
 
 I. affirmo, i / a. nothing, I exa- 
 mine all things, nihil affirmo, quaero om- 
 nia, Cic. 2. conflrmo, i : they a.'d that 
 Caesar had hastened into the provinces, 
 Caesarem In pruvincias contendlsse con- 
 firmabant, Caes. : Cic (Note. Confirmo 
 is stronger than affirmo, and often means 
 to establish, prove ; but both are some- 
 what more emphatic than the Eng. 
 word.) 3. dico, dixi, dictum, j : they 
 a.'d, I denied, illi dlcebant, ego negabam, 
 Cic. : / o. that you, went the preceding 
 night into the house of M. Laeca, dico te 
 priori nocte venisse in M. Laecae do- 
 mum, Cic. (I'he negative, to asseit that 
 something is not so, may be expressed 
 by nego .- v. to deny.) 4. aio, defect. 
 (less emphatic than dico) : they a.'d that 
 Tarquinius had been instigated by 
 Cicei-o, Tarquinium a Cicerone immis- 
 sum aiebant, Sail. • v to affirm, asse- 
 verate. — Note. In this sense assero is 
 found in late writers only ; as Arnob. 
 
 II, To maintain, claim, vindicate: 
 q. v. : exsequor, assgro. 
 
 assertion^ \, a positive statement : 
 1, afflrmatio : / believed the a. of 
 Laterensis, credidi affirmationi Lateren- 
 sis, Cic : Caes. 2. coniirmatio ; the a. 
 of the deserter, c. perfugae, Caes. 3. 
 assgveratio (vehement a.): v. asseve- 
 ration. ||. Maintenance, claim, 
 vindication; q. v.: postiilatio. (assertio 
 often in Arnob.) 
 
 assertor : I. One wlio asserts : qui 
 affirmat, confirmat, etc. ||. A main- 
 tainer: assertor: Suet. . Amob. 
 
 assess: I. To determine the value 
 of property, in order to fix the amount 
 of taxes to be imposed upon it : hence, in 
 gen., to tax : censEo, sui, sum, 2 : / will 
 take care that you are not a.'d in your 
 absence, ne absens censeare curabo, Cic : 
 Sicily is a.'d every fifth year, quinto 
 quoque anno Sicilia censetur, Cic : v. 
 to TAX, estimate. ||, jTo tVv'ue: q. v.: 
 aestimo. |||. To ascertain the amount 
 of: Phr. : it is the duty of a jury 
 to a. damages, Judicum est litem aesti- 
 mare (cf. Caes. B.G. 5, i). 
 
 assessment : I. A valuation, esp. 
 
 for purposes of taxation, also the 
 amount assessed: 1. census, us : Me- 
 tellus had intimated that he would not 
 adhene to the a.s which had been made, 
 census qui sunt habili non servaturum 
 se Metellus ostenderat, Cic. Verr. 2, 26, 
 6j : the Sicilians pay taxes according 
 to an a. every year, Siculi ex censu 
 quotannis tributa conferunt, Cic. ib. 5}, 
 1 jt ; they had lowered the a.s of all the 
 most II eallhy persons, and raised those 
 of the poorest, locupletissimi cujusque 
 census ex lenuaram, tenulssimi auxerant, 
 Cic: Suet. 2. aestimatio: an a. of 
 real and personal property, aes. posses- 
 slonum et rei um, Caes. : the a. of pro- 
 perty, aestimatio census, Cic. ||, A 
 tax imposed : v. tax, tribute. |||, 
 Legal 1. 1. : determination of an amount : 
 aestimatio ; tlie a. of a fine, aes. poenae. 
 Cic: the a. rf damages, aes. lltium, Cic. 
 
 assessor: j. one who assesses: 
 
 censor (esp. of the Roman magistrates so 
 called). II, An assistant, esp. to a 
 
 judge: 1, coiisessor: Cic. Fin. 2, ly, 
 62. 2. assessor: they gave an a. to 
 their kings, regibus suis assessorem deil- 
 erunt, Cic. : Suet. Phr.: when I !■ as 
 assessor to the praetor: nobis in tribu- 
 nal! praetoris sedentibus, Cic. 
 
 assessorship : assessdra: Ulp. 
 
 assets : bona, orum : v. goods, pro- 
 pert y. 
 
 asseverate : 1. assevgro, i : he 
 
 a.d most piisitively that he would go into 
 exile, tirniissime asseverabat in exsiliuni 
 se iturum, Cic. 2, affirmo, confirmo : 
 v. TO affirm, assert. 
 
 asseveration : 
 
 1. asseveratio: 
 
 to (i.v.vnt with all possible a., omni a. 
 altirniare, Cic. 2. obsecrai 10 (imply- 
 ing also an appeal to the gods) : Cic 
 
 assiduity: 1. assidiUtas: a. and 
 diliyeuce. a. ct diligentia, Cic. : of atten- 
 lion tojiersons: tite daily a. of friends, 
 quotidiana aniicorum a., Cic. : the a. of 
 a physician, medici a., Cic. : v. atten- 
 tion. 2. sedaiitas: v. diligence. 
 
 assiduous: 1. assiduus : /A«ar<i 
 that the man had been a., audivi homi- 
 nem fuisse a., Cie. : a. toil, a. labor, 
 Caes. 2. sedulus: an a. farmer, s. 
 agricola, Plin. : an a. nurse, s. nutrix, 
 
 Ov. : v. DILIGENT, INDUSTRIOUS, ATTEN- 
 TIVE. 
 
 assiduously : seduio : v. dili- 
 gently. 
 assign : \._To allot, appoint .- 
 
 1. tribuo, iii, utum, } (with ref. to 
 what is a riglU or property) : to a. tn 
 each man uhut belongs to him, suuni 
 cuique t., Cic. 2. attribiio, i : I see 
 to whom Apulia has been a.'d (as a pro- 
 vince), video cui Apulia g'.t attribuUi, 
 Cic. : v. TO attribute, allot. 3. 
 assigno, i (i.e. to mark oui.q.v.): the 
 duty of man has been a.'d by God, inunus 
 hunianum assignatum a Deo est, Cic. ; 
 nature has a.'d the sky to birds, natura 
 avibus coelum assignavit, Plin. 4. 
 describe, scripsi, scriptum, j (ie. to 
 a.ssign in writing or formally) : he a.'d 
 two assessors to each state, describebat 
 censores binos in singulascivitates, Cic. : 
 Caes.: v. to allot. ||. To make over 
 formally, transfer: 1. delego, i (v. 
 
 to delegate) : )/ anything is left ajter 
 my debts are paid, I will a. it lo 
 Quintus, Quinto delegabo, si quid aeii 
 meo alieno superabit, Cic 2. per- 
 scribo, i (with ref. to the mode of as- 
 signation ; 6.1/ uriting) : I have a.'d the 
 vumey to those to whom I ivas indebted, 
 argentum perscripsi illis quibus debui, 
 Ter. : Cic. : v. to transfer. |||, To 
 allege : 1. sugggro, gessi, gestum, j : 
 for this incredible opinionhea.s trijiinii 
 reasons, huic incredibili sententiae raii- 
 unculas suggerit, Cic. : v. to allege. 
 
 2. affero, tiili, latum, j : to a. a 
 probable reason, causam probabilem a., 
 Cic: v. to bring forward. |V. 
 Legal t. t. : to show or set forth (Ji'.v- 
 tinctly ; confirmare ; testimoniis confir- 
 mare atque probare; testibus prolatis 
 confirmare: v. to prove. 
 
 assignable: |. That may be 
 transferred ■ P li r. : you have no a.
 
 ASSIGNATION 
 
 ASSOCIATE 
 
 ASSUMING 
 
 interest in the estate, •tun pars fundi 
 nelegan (perscribi) non i)otest- your 
 interest is not a., (lelcgati(jiieni res ista 
 non recipit, cf. Sen. Kp. 27. II That 
 may be S])ecijied or stated : P li r. ": ha ve 
 you any a. reason for not seeing me 
 nowf causani ullara afferre pote.s quod 
 me hoc tempore non vidcas? (c( Cic 
 
 AU. II. i;V 
 
 assignation: \. An engagement: 
 
 constftuluin (i.e. an appointment of any 
 kind: q. v.): to have an a. with any 
 one, c. cum aliquo habere, Cic. I' h r. : 
 where Ntima useil to have a.s with his 
 mistress, ubi Nunia constituebat amicae, 
 Juv. : thei/ make an a. to meet at the 
 tovib of Mnus, ."itatuunt ut conveniant 
 ad busta Nini, Ov. ||. i. q. assign- 
 ment: q v. • •» 
 
 assignee : v. to assign .- an official 
 a. in baiikiuptcy, *is cui res alicujus 
 qui bonis cessil, e.\ [ege coniniittltur. 
 
 assigner: deleuator: Cassiod. : qui 
 delepu .S-. perscribit: v. to a.ssi<;n {11.). 
 
 assignment: |. An allotting] 
 assigiiatio: «,( a. of lands, agroriim a., 
 Cic: V. Al.l.<rr.MKNT. ||. A t^ansfei- 
 of interest or property; esp. of debt: 
 
 I. attrlbutio: to settle about an a 
 de a. conlicere. Cic. 2. delegatio (ap- 
 parently resembling "a bill" with us): 
 an a. from a purdtaser (i.e. some kind 
 of draft or assignment of a debt in lieu 
 of ready money), d. a mancipe, Cic Att 
 16. } (cf. Sen. IJen. 6, 5, 2). 3 per- 
 scriptio (I. q. delegatio: v. to assign): 
 Cic. 4. transcriptio: Gai. 
 
 assimilate: I, To make like: as,- 
 simulo, I: simllem facere: v. like. 
 
 II. To convert into blood: approprio, 
 I- to a. food, cibum a., Coel.Aur. : v. 
 
 To DIGEST. 
 
 assimilation : |. a maldng Uke : 
 apsnuQlalio: V. like. ||. The con- 
 
 version of food into blood : appvopriatio • 
 a. of food, a. ciborum, Coel. Aur. • v 
 
 DIGESTION. 
 
 . assist: 1, Juvo,juvi,julum(na)«. 
 juvaturus), i : with ace. (this verb and 
 Its comp. adjtivo are the most general 
 terms (or rendering all kinds of assist- 
 ance): to a. any one bi/ all honourable 
 means you can, j.aliquemquibusciinque 
 rebus honeste possis, Cic. : to a. any one 
 by counsel, consolation, aliqueni consilio 
 consolando J., Ter. : v. to help 2 
 ac^uvo (with ace. : v. supr.) : to a. any 
 mem any matter, aliquem a. in aliqua 
 re, Ter. : to a. any one in marrying his 
 daughters, a. aliquem in collocatione 
 filiarum, Cic. 3. au.xilior. i : with 
 dai. (miplies a want of help on the part 
 of the person a.ssisted = auxilium fero). 
 4, epituior, I : with dot. (equiv. to 
 au.xilior) : PI. : to a the guilty, sontlbus 
 o., Cic. 5. subvgnio, veni, ventuni, 4 
 (prop, to come to the help of: wi th dat.) : 
 Lucanius came to a. his son, Lucanius 
 filio subvenit, Caes. • you came to a. a 
 man already ruineil, subvenisti hoinini 
 jam perdito, Cic. (In some cases to assvit 
 may be e.xpr. by adsum or a.tpiro ; esp. 
 of the deities, whose piesaice or breath 
 implies their favour : e. g. fortune a.s 
 our toil, aspiratfortuna labori, Virg.: a. 
 me, goddess .' ades dea ! Ov.)._Note. 
 Opem or auxilium fei-re, opituhiri, and 
 auxiliari are to bring help to a person 
 in difficulty or danger, and are opposed 
 to deserere, destituere, etc. Juvare and 
 adjuvare are to help a person striving 
 to do something, and are opposed to im- 
 pedire. Aho adjuvare sigtiifies the as- 
 sistance given by an equal to an equal : 
 opitulari the assistance given by the 
 strong to tlie weak. 
 
 assistance: 1. opis, 6pem, 6pe, 
 
 f. {t\\c mnn. sing, does not occur) : x/ou 
 bring a. and safety to the needy, ojiera 
 indigentibus salutemque fcrtls, Cic: 
 without your a., sine tua ope, Cic 2. 
 auxilium: U> be of a. to any one, allcui 
 auxilio ease. Tor. : they came to the a. of 
 the \ervii, au.xilio Nerviis venerant, 
 Caes. : the goils irill bring us a., l3i nobis 
 au.xilium ferent, Cic: to beg for any 
 one's a., a. ab aliquo petere, Cic. 3. 
 a^umentum (.prop, means of assisting) • 
 
 to be of great a. to any one towards 
 gaining the virtory, esse alicui magnoa. 
 advnctorlam. CIc: Quint. I'hr : they 
 were unable, without a., to persuade the 
 Setiuani, Sequanis sua sponte persuadere 
 non poterant, Caes.: v. help, aid, 
 stJPPORT. -Note. Opis and adjument- 
 um, assistance or aid in general : auxili- 
 um (from augeo), a-ssistance, giving an 
 addition of strength. Join: opem 
 au.xlliiimque ferre, Cic. 
 
 assistant (subs.) -. l. adjutor : in 
 this war I am comjielled to be a shan-r.a 
 partner, and an a., hujus belli ego paV- 
 tlceps et socius et a. esse cogor, Cic. : the 
 partner and a. of my plans, socius atque 
 a. consllioruni meoruni, Cic. : Caes.: an 
 a. teacher, rhetoruni a., Quint. :/o/i.: 
 adjiitrl-x, icis (a female a.) : Ter. : Cic. 
 2. administer, tri : the a.s and at- 
 tendants of Saerius, administri et satel- 
 lites Naevii, Cic: Sail. 3. advOca- 
 tus (a legal a., or a.-counsel) : Cic. : v. 
 advocate. 4. minister, tri; and 
 
 fern, miiiistra: to bean a. in mischief, 
 m. esse in maleficio, Cic. : Virg. : the arts, 
 the attendants and a.s of the orator, 
 artes, comites et minlstrae oratoris, Cic! 
 6. au.xillator: Quint: Tac. : v. 
 helper.— Note. The words minister 
 and administer denote a position of in- 
 feriority ; which adjutor and au.xillator 
 
 do not : V. SER\ANT, ABETTOR. 
 
 assistant (adj.)-. v. assfstan-t 
 
 (SUbs.\ ALXILIARV. 
 
 assister : adjutor : v. assistant. 
 . assize : I. a court ofjuUice held 
 in the provinces : 1. conventus, us: 
 Caesar d, par ted into Italy to hold the a.s, 
 Caesar in Italiam ad conventus agendos 
 profectus est, Caes. : the a.s having been 
 concluded, conventibus peraclis, Caes. : 
 toums in which the judges are accus- 
 tomed tn hold the a.s, oppida in quibus 
 piaetores conventual agere solent, Cic 
 I'hr.- a judge of a., *qui conveniibus 
 Jusdicit. 2. fQrum (rare) : .4j»;;iM.'; IS 
 holding an a., Appius forum agit, Cic: 
 v. also trial, justke, court ok. ||. 
 The price of any commodity as fixed bij 
 public authority : *pretium a magistrat- 
 ibus consiitutuin. 
 
 assize-town: 1, juridicus con- 
 ventus: Pliij. 2. Jurisdictio: Plin. 
 
 associate ( I'.) A. Trans. : \. To 
 make a companion, etc. : 1. s6cio, i : 
 to a. oneself with another, se' alicui' s., 
 Virg : Tib. 2. cons6cio, i : never 
 have you been so frmly a.d with the 
 senate, nunquam tarn vehementer cum 
 seiiatu consociati tuistis, Cic: Ariara- 
 thes had a.d himself with all their plans. 
 Ariarathes in omnia se consociaverat 
 consilia, Liv. 3. adscisco, scivi, 
 
 scltum, }: they a. the Boil with them- 
 selves as allies, Boios socios sibi adscis- 
 cunt, Caes.: Cic: v. to unite, .join. 
 II. To combine; q. v. B. 1 n- 
 trans. : 1, Otor, usus, j: with these 
 Fabricii he always a.d on very intimate 
 terms, his Kabriciis semper est usus 
 familiarissime, Cic: if he knew how to 
 a. with kings, si sciret regibus uti, Hor. 
 2. conversor, 1 (with prep, or 
 dat.): an ass having a.d with hor.<!e.<!, 
 a.sinus con versatus equis, Col. : to a. irilh 
 anyone, c. cum aliquo. Sen. 3, com- 
 grfgo, I (in pass.): i.e. absol. to a. 
 together (in flocks OT companies): swarms 
 of bees a. together because they are of a 
 nature to a., e.xaniina apum congregan- 
 tur quum congrcgabilia natura sint. 
 Cic: men having a.d, homines con- 
 gi-egati, Cic. 
 
 associate (<«'J-) : |, f'onfederate, 
 allied; q. v. : socius. ||, Joined in 
 
 qtlice : collega (subs.): an a. judge, c in 
 praetura, Cic. : an a. magistrate, c in 
 magistratu : v. also a.ssessor. 
 
 associate (subs.) ■. \. a companion, 
 partner : 1. .sooTiis : to seek an a. for 
 a bad purpose, s. ad nialam rem quaer- 
 ere. Pi. : to be an a. in business, s esse 
 In iiegotlis, Ter. : 071 a. and companion 
 in all things, rerum omnium s. comes- 
 que, Cic. 2. censors: v. co.mpanion, 
 COMRADE, partner. ||. A fellow, 
 
 member (of a society) ; q. v. : sficius. 
 
 association : 1. The act or state 
 
 oj a.'isociatiTig, u7>ion : 1. b<icielas(of 
 the state) : we are bom for a. and inter 
 course u-ith mankind, nati suuius ad s. 
 comniunitatemque generis humaiii, Cic. 
 2. commiinitas (very sim. in force 
 to .societas, with which and similar words 
 Cic joins it : V. last ex.) : thea. and union 
 of men, c. et coDjunciio humana, Cic. 3 
 corisoclatlo (prop, of the act of as.«<,^ 
 I dating together) : thea. of men, c. homi- 
 , num. Cic. 4. congregatlo (v. ixi 
 
 A.ss(x;i.\TE,I1.3): ue are bom for union 
 i and a. with men, ad conjiinctloneiu 
 c.que hominum nati sumus, Cic 5 
 
 conjunctfo : v. union. 6. consorao (an 
 a.Jor a special purpose) : every human 
 I a. will be dissolved, omnis c humana 
 dis.solvetur, Cic. ||. A company so'i- 
 tty : q. V. : s6ci6ta8. |||. i onneclwn : 
 socISlas: the a. of seriousness with 
 lioliteness, s. gravitatis cum humaniute, 
 Cic I'hr.: thea. of ideas, *(ea) inia- 
 giiMuii ,■!. cogitationum in mente inter se 
 • onjuiictlo qua altera alteri subjicitur: 
 
 V. < ONNKi TION. 
 
 assonance: v. harmony, rmvme. 
 
 assonant : I' h r. : a. si/llables. 'syl- 
 Inbae quae similiter desinuut: v to 
 rhvme. 
 
 assort: A. Trans.: diggro: v. 
 to arrange, classify. b. In. 
 
 trans. : congruo: v. to agree, .suit. 
 
 assortment : I, Arrangement, 
 
 classijtraliou; q. v. : digest io:disposUio. 
 _ II. A classified or selected collec- 
 tion: perh. only in the phr. of trade, an 
 a. of goods, jewellei-y, etc.; where it will 
 generally .suffice to use merces; gemmae 
 venales, etc. : a large a. of jewellery, 
 *gemmae plurimae et cujusvls generis. 
 
 assuage : 16vo : allevo : placo: miil- 
 ceo: V. To alleviate, appease. 
 
 assuagement : remissio : levaiio : 
 allevatio: v. ahatement, alleviation. 
 aSSUager : qui lenit, &c. • v. verb. 
 aSSlime : \, To take upon or for 
 oneselj : J. suscipio, cepi, cepium, } : 
 to a. a .father's authority and severity, 
 sibi auctoritatem patriam severitatcm- 
 que s., Cic 2. induo, ui, litum, j : he 
 lays aside the charw.ter of a friend when 
 he a.s that (fa juryman, ponit personam 
 amici cum induit Judicis, Cic. 3. 
 
 sumo, sumpsi, sumptum, }: to a. the 
 manly dress, virilem togam s., Cic: to 
 a. tlie title of K-ing, regium nomen s., 
 Ncp. : to a. the crown, diadema s.. Suet. 
 I'h r. : to a. a form, faclem capere. Ov. : 
 to a. stijfness, rigorem percipere, Ov.: 
 to a. a colour, colorem percipere, Plin. . 
 to a. a name (in accordance with the 
 directions of a will), nomen adlre. Veil. 
 II, To take improperly: 1. ar- 
 r6go, I : what they a. from others' merit, 
 that they da not yield to me from my 
 01(71, quod e.\ aliena virtuie sibi arrogant, 
 id mihi ex mea non concedunt. Sail. : 
 CIc 2. sumo, } (with dat. of pron. 
 rellect.): the soldiers a. the functions of 
 the geneial, miUtes sibi Imperatorlas 
 paites sunumt, Caes. : / do not a. nor 
 arrogate .\omudi. mihl non sumo tantum 
 neque arrogo, Cic. 3- assumo, i : / 
 a. nothing, nihil mihl a., Cic: v. to 
 arrogate. III. To take fm- granted 
 (in argument): 1. pono, posjii, pOsl- * 
 turn, } : but a. that he is conquered, 
 verum pone esse vlctum eum, Ter. : 
 let it then be a.d to liegin with, positum 
 sit igitur in primis, Cic 2- siimo, } : 
 you mu.tt a. one alternative or theother. 
 alterutnim sumas necesse est, Lucr. : 
 you have cud that the gmis are happy, 
 beatos esse deos sumpsistl. Cic : v. to 
 siTi'PosE. IV. Tu take an apjiearance 
 only : may be expr. by an.v of the verlw 
 uiider(l), Ifthe context makes thcscnso 
 clear: a.s, to a. the character of a good 
 man, personam viri boni suscipere, Cic . 
 to a. the air and tone if soi-roir, habl' 
 tum ac voces dolentum induere, Tac A. 
 4, 12. Phr.: .sVon a.d the character oj 
 a madman, Solon furere se simulavit, 
 Cic : V. TO feign, coltxterkeit. 
 assumer: quisumit.etc: y.verb. 
 assuming (adj): arrogans, antis: 
 that he might not seem a. in anticipalinif 
 
 53
 
 ASSD M PTIO N 
 
 ASTRINGENT 
 
 AT 
 
 Vie favour of the people, ne a. in prae- 
 ripiendo populi beneScio videretur, 
 Caes. : Cic. : v. arrogant, haughtt. 
 
 assumption : I- -^ taking to one- 
 self: assumptio: in the arts there is 
 something vorthy of a., est in artibus 
 allquid dignum assumptione, Cic. (But 
 more usu. expr. by part, of verb: as, 
 by the a. of the title of king, sumpto 
 nomine regio ; after his a. of the manly 
 gown, quum togam virilem sunipsisset : 
 V. TO ASSUME, I). II, An unjust taking 
 to oneself : arrSgantia: although all a. is 
 hateful, yet that of wit and eloquence is 
 by far the most annoying, quum oninis 
 a. odiosa est, turn ilia ingenii atque elo- 
 quentiae multo molestissima, Cic: v. 
 
 AKROGANCE, PRETENSION. |||, A 
 
 taking for granted : v. to as-sume, and 
 SUPPOSITION. IV- ^ proposition as- 
 
 sumed: sumptio (not assumptio); let 
 tis grant your two a.s, demus tibi istas 
 duas sumptiones, Cic. V- ^^'^ith refer- 
 ence to the Virgin Alary: *assumptio 
 B.V. Mariae : Eccl. 
 
 assurance: I- I'he act of as- 
 suring, esp. by positive statements: 
 confirmiitio : the a. of the deserter, per- 
 fugae c, Caes. P h r. : / reinember 
 that [ heard you give a s respecting my 
 return, niemini me audire te de reditu 
 meo confirmare, Cic: v. assertion, 
 AFFIRMATION. ||. Confidence: fi- 
 
 ducia: to afford firm a. of safety. 
 certam f. salutis praebere, Liv.: / now 
 have hopf of you, but not yet a., jam de 
 te spem habeo, nondiim f.. Sen. : v. 
 CONFlLJhi^fi. |||. Intrepidity (q. v.) : 
 conl loio (rare) : frm a. of mind, c. firma 
 animi, Cic. |V. Effrontery; q. v.: 
 
 impudentia. \f. Mercant. t.t.: Phr. : 
 / have effected an a. on my life for a 
 large sum, perh. *mihi magna pecuniade 
 vita mea cautum est : v. insurance. 
 
 assure : I- To give confidence by 
 a declaration, promise, etc. 1. con- 
 firmo, I : he hdd not only a.d but con- 
 vinced me of this, hoc mihi non modo 
 confirmarat, sed etiam persuaserat, Cic. 
 2- promitto, misi, missum, j: I a. 
 you that he will not leave a single tile in 
 Italy, promitto tibi tegulam ilium in 
 Italia nullam relicturum, Cic : v. also 
 assured, to be. ||. To confirm, 
 secure; q. v. |||. To encourage, 
 
 Strengthen ; q. v. : hortur : adhortor. 
 IV. Mercant. 1. 1. : v. assurance (V). 
 
 assuredi to be or feel: confido, 
 
 f isus, } : / feel a. that he will not 
 abandon his duty, contido ilium fore in 
 officio, Cic. Phr, : be a. that you your- 
 self are not mortal, but this body only, 
 sic habeto, non esse te mortalem sed 
 corpus hoc, Cic. : / feel a. that he unll 
 not reject my favour, mihi persuadetur 
 eum gratiam meam non repudiaturum, 
 Caes. : / would tcish you to be a. that 
 I will not fail to promote your designs 
 on every occasion, velim tibi ita per- 
 suadeas, me tuis consiliis nuUo loco de- 
 futurum, Cic. : I feel a. that he has done 
 nothing, mihi exploratum e^t, nihil eum 
 fecisse, Cic. : be a. of this, that I will do 
 everything tliat I may think is for your 
 interest, illud cave dubites quin ego 
 . omnia faciam quae interesse tua exis- 
 timem, Cic. 
 
 assured (adj.y. exploratus: an a. 
 victory, e. victoria, Caes. : v. certain, 
 
 CONFIDENT. 
 
 assuredly : profecto : v. certainly, 
 
 UNDOUBTEDLY. 
 
 assurer: confirmator: Cic: v. in- 
 surer. 
 
 asterisk: astSriscus: Isid. 
 
 astern: I'hr. : the pilot sitting a. 
 holds the tiller, gubernator .sedens in 
 puppi clavum tenet, Cic: the wind 
 rising a., ventus surgensapuppi, Virg. : 
 he looks back at Cluanthus close a., Clo- 
 anthum respicit Instantem tergo, Virg. 
 
 asteroids : *minores stellae errautes 
 quaedam. 
 
 asthma : 1- difflcnltas spirandl. 
 Gels. 4, 4, 2. 2. dyspnoea (SvuTrvoLa, 
 for which the dlfficultus spirandl of Cels. 
 is the I^atin equivalent): the greater 
 centaury cures a., dyspnoeae medetur 
 $4 
 
 centaurium majus, Plln. ij- anhela- 
 tio : Plln. : also anhelitus, iis : Plin. 4- 
 suspiriuni : Sen. : Col. 5- asthma, 
 iitis, n. : M. L. (Celsus [4, 4, 2] uses the 
 Greek foi-m). 
 
 asthmatic : 1- nsthmaticus : Plin. : 
 M. L. 2. suspiriOsus: Plin. 3. 
 
 dyspnoicus: ammonia' um is good for 
 those who art a., ammonlacum prodest 
 dyspnoicis, Plin. Phr.: to lie a., suspirio 
 laborare. Col. (used with ref. to cattle). 
 
 astonish : obstiipelacio, feci, factum, 
 } : he a.'d the enemy by the mere wonder 
 of his boldness, ipso miraculo audaciae 
 obstupefecit hostes, Llv. : Cic: v. to be 
 astonished, to amaze, astound. 
 
 astonished, to be : 1. admiror, 
 
 I (with ace. or dep. clause) : to be a. at 
 nothing, nil admirari, Hor. : v. to 
 wonder at. 2- stiipeo, ui, 2 (stronger 
 than the preceding, and denoting mute 
 astonishment): v. astounded, to be. 
 
 3. astiipeo, 2 (with dai.: rare): he 
 is a. at himself, astupet ipse sibi, Ov. 
 
 4, obstupesco, pui, j : they are a. 
 at these favours, his beneticlis illl obstu- 
 pescunt, Cic. : to be aghast, astounded, 
 TO wonder. 
 
 astonishing (a<y): 1, mirus:v. 
 WONDERFUL. 2. admirabiUs, e: a 
 stiange anda. occurreme, res nova et a., 
 Cic: a. wisdom, a. sapientia, Cic. 3- 
 immilnis, e (i.e. astimis'iingly vast, or 
 dreadful) : imagfs of a. size, simulacra 
 i. magnltudine, Caes. : v. monstrous, 
 
 WONDERFUL. 
 
 astonishingly : admirabiliter : Asia 
 has receiied me a. well, nos Asia accepit 
 a., Cic : v. wonderfully. 
 
 astonishment : 1- admiratlo : 
 
 this excites my very great a., hoc mihi 
 maximam a. movet, Cic: this exordium 
 of mine is likely to occasion some a., 
 haec Ingressio mea admirationls aiiquid 
 habitura est, Cic: v. wonder. 2- 
 stupor (implying speechless a.): v. 
 amazement. Phr.: to feel a. : v. to be 
 astonished: to be seized imth a., obstu- 
 pesco: V. aghast, astounded, to BE: 
 
 to be fixed in mute a., deligi torpidum 
 stupore ac miraculo, Liv. : the sight held 
 them for a moment motionless with a., 
 res objecla immobiles parumper eos 
 defixit, Liv. 
 
 astound : !• stupSfacIo, feci, fac- 
 tum, i : they gaze upon the speaker a.'d, 
 stupefacti dicentem intuentur, Cic. : 
 Ov. 2- obstiipgfilcio, j : the enemy 
 were a.'d (at the novel sight), hostes ob- 
 stupefacti (sunt), Tac : v. to astonish. 
 3- dcfigo, fixi, tixum, } : chiefly in 
 certain phr.: v. astonishment (_lin.). 
 
 astounded, to be : 1- stiipeo, i 
 
 (with various constr. : v. examples): he 
 is a. and remains fix&i in one Umg 
 (/aze, stupet octuluque haeret defixus in 
 uno, Virg. : to be a. by novelty, novltats 
 s.. t^uint. : the mother n as a. at the ivords 
 she heard, mater stupuit ad auditas 
 voces, Ov. 2- obstupesco, obstiipui, 
 J (denoting the rise of the feeling in the 
 mind, while stupeo indicates its con- 
 tinuance): I was a.; my hair stood on 
 end. obstupui; steteruntque comae, 
 
 Virg. : Cic. : v. TO BE ASTONISHED 
 
 astragal: \, An architectural or- 
 nament: astragalus; Vitr. ||, The 
 upiier bone of the foot : astragalus : Plin. 
 
 astray: Phr. ; to^oa. .- 1. erro, 
 I ; she nent a. from the road, vlaerravit, 
 Virg. : the mind often goes a., errat saepe 
 animus, Lucr. : v. TO wander, err. 
 2. palor, I (fig.) ; as they go a. they 
 search for thepath of life, vlam palantes 
 quaerere vitae, Lucr.: v. to roam. 
 Phr.: to lead the unskilful a., imperlto* 
 in errorem inducere, Cic. : success began 
 to lead them a., coepit transversos agere 
 felicltas. Sen. : v. to seduce. 
 
 astride ; Phr.; seated a. on its 
 (the crocodile's) bach, dorso equltantium 
 modo impositus, Plin. 8, 2s, J8. 
 
 astringency : astrictio: a plant of 
 bitter taste with a., herba gustus amari 
 cum a.. Plln.: v. astringent. 
 
 astringent (adj.) .- astrlctorius : the 
 leaves have an a. force, folia a. vim 
 habent, Plln. 
 
 astringent (subs.) .- astringens, entis, 
 n. : M.L. Phr.: this plant acts as an 
 a. when taken internally, ea herba gustu 
 astringit, Plin.: v. also astringent. 
 
 astrolabe : *astr61ibium : M. L. 
 
 astrologer: 1. astrSlSgus: pre- 
 dicticnis of a.s, astrologorum praedlcta, 
 Cic. : Suet. 2- mathematicus : Tac. : 
 Juv. : Suet. 3- Chaldaeus (esp. in 
 pi.) : predictions of a.s, Chaldaeorum 
 praedicta, Cic : Lucr. 4- gSneth- 
 
 iiacus : Gell. 
 
 astrological : Chaldaicus : versed 
 in a. calculations, c rati<inibus erudltus, 
 Cic. (Or expr. by gen. of astrologus, 
 etc. : as, a. conjectures, astrologorum s. 
 Chaldaeorum divinationes, etc.): v. as- 
 trologer. 
 
 astrology: 1- astrologia: a term 
 comprising both the modem astronomy 
 and astrology : Cic. Div. 2, 42, 83 : 
 similarly we find elsewhere the term 
 astrorum cognitlo used with especial 
 reference to astrology, lb. i, 41, 91. 
 In the previous passage astrology is 
 explained as " praedictio et notatio cu- 
 jusque vitae ex natall die :" In another 
 passage Cic. uses the term astrologia di- 
 vinans by way of distinction from astro- 
 nomy properly so called : Hier. (Morhof 
 uses the phrase astrologia divinatrix.) 
 2, mathetnatlca : Suet. 3- Chal- 
 daicum praedicendi genus: Cic 1. c. 
 
 4. sideralis scientia: Plin. 7, 50. 
 
 5. disciplina Chaldaeorum: Gell. 
 14. I (q. v.). 
 
 astronomer: 1. astrologus (in- 
 cluding the art of the astrologist: cf. 
 astrology, 1): the most eminent a s of 
 that age, summi astrologi illius aetatis, 
 Cic. 2- astron6mus: Finnic 
 
 astronomical : 1- expr. by gen. of 
 astmm, etc. : as, a. knowledge, astrorum 
 cognitio, Cic. : or freq. by phr. : as a. 
 phenomena, res superae atque coeleste' 
 Cic. 2- astronbraicus: Manil. 
 sidgralls, e. (also with ref. to astrology ,• 
 q. v.): an a. difficulty, 8. difficultas, 
 Plin. 18, 25, 56. 
 
 astronomy: 1- astrsisgia (v. 
 
 astrology, 1): Cic. 2- astrfinomia: 
 
 Sen. 
 
 astute : calUdus : V. shrewd. 
 
 asunder: esp. in conjunction with 
 verbs, as to burst a., dis-silio, etc : ▼. 
 apart; and the several verbs. 
 
 asylum: 1- asylum: Cic: Virg. 
 2- porfugium : to be a harbour and 
 a., portum ac p. esse, Cic. : Caes. : v. 
 refuge, retreat. 
 
 asymptote : *ilnea asymptotes. 
 
 asyndeton: asyndeton: Diom. 
 
 at: 1. (ff place (for proper Da.vaes, 
 V. 5) : 1, ad (with aoc.) : to be at 
 market, ad forum esse, PI. : at the end, 
 ad extremum, Liv. : the alarm at (be- 
 fore) Veii assumed various forms, ad 
 Veios terror multiplex erat, Liv. : the 
 liattle at the r/cbia. pugna ad Trebiam, 
 Liv. 2. apfid (i.e. strictly near ; q. v. ; 
 with ace.) : u e stayed one day at Alyzia, 
 nos a. Alyziam unum diem commorati 
 sumus, Cic. : he is at your house, a. te 
 est, Cic 3- ^b (= on the side of, by : 
 with abl.) : the camp was not fortified 
 at the main entrance, castra ab decu- 
 mana porta munita non erant, Caes. : of 
 a letter, (written) at Appii Forum, ab 
 Appii Foro, Cic. (= dispatched from). 
 4. in (with aW.: usu. with names of 
 towns, and in the best writers only with 
 those of such places as had harbours) : 
 there is a ship in readiness for us at 
 Caieta, navis in Caieta est parata nobis, 
 Cic. : he had sh ips made at Hispalis, naves 
 in Hispali faciendas curavit, Caes. : also 
 to designate the house at which anything 
 is done : / am at my Formian villa, in 
 Formiano sum. Cic : / shall see you at 
 my villa at Arpinum, te in Arpinati 
 videbimus, Cic. 5- the Ucative of pro- 
 per names and of domus (domi) : (N.B. 
 The rule as usu., and for practical pur- 
 poses correctly, stated, is, that sing, 
 nouns of the first and second decl. are 
 put in the genitive, all others in the 
 ablative, v. L. G $ 2;'7) : the philosophert 
 ivho were at Athens, philosophi qui
 
 ATHEISM 
 
 ATTACH 
 
 A TT A CK 
 
 Athenis fuenint, Cic. : this lenity is 
 popular at Htmie, haec lenitas grata 
 Romae est, Cic: to sit at home, donii 
 sedere, Cic. : / said Die same at mi/ on n 
 house, haec eadem locutus sum donii 
 meae, Cic. — Note. Such e.xpr. as ad, 
 apud, Cannas, in the neighiiourhootl of 
 Cannae, must be carefully dLstitiRuished 
 from the simple locative Cauni^, at 
 Canmu. Similarly, ad urliem esse is the 
 technical phr. to denote waiting at the 
 gates nf the city (for a triumph). Con- 
 cerning the constr. of a subs, like urbs, 
 oppidum, etc. along with a proper name, 
 V. L. G. i\ 251, Obs„ i 259, Obs. ||. Of 
 time: \. By tlie<i)<(. (the moslusu. and 
 e.xact mode oi expression) : at daybreak 
 he st-nt the caralry in advance, prima 
 luce cquitatuni praemisit, Caes. : at the 
 same time, eodem tempore, Caes. : there 
 are flowers at every period of lite year, 
 sunt flores omni tempore anni, Cic. 
 2. Sd (esp. of that which arrives at 
 the time) : at the apjxiitited hour, ad 
 horam destinatani, Cic. : at the time.ai 
 tempus, Cic. : at last, ad postremum, 
 PI.; ade.xtremum, Caes.: at present, ad 
 praesens, Tac. 3- "b (strictly all 
 
 al'inti from): at the beiiinning if this 
 defence, ab initio hujus defensionis, Cic. 
 4. cum (with abl.: denoting a 
 point of time with wliich some action 
 coincides): he is said to have come home 
 at diiybrcMlc, cum ])rinia luce domuni 
 vonisse dicitur, Cic. : (.'rassus iieiitnut 
 at the same time as the messenger, exiit 
 cum nuntioCrassus, Caes. 5- in (only 
 in certain plir.): at the right time, in 
 tempore, Ter. : at present, in praescntia, 
 Caes.: Cic. ; inpraesenti,Cic. |||. 0_/ 
 cost or price: when this is denoted by a 
 Kubst., or by asubst. and adjective, these 
 words are in the abl. : to farm the taxes 
 at a small price, vcctig^rtia parvo pretio 
 redimere, Caes. : but wlien, as is usu. the 
 case, the subst. is omitted, the adj. may 
 often lie in either the aW. or the ^0/ ((tee ; 
 vili, however, is always in the aid., and 
 the following words always in the gen.: 
 niajoris (very rare), maximi, niiiioris, 
 jiluris, taiiti, quanti (v. L. G. ij 281). 
 IV. When "at" is used after an 
 intransitive verb as its complement, by 
 which it is made transitive, it is not ex- 
 pressed: e. g. to aim at anyone, aliqueni 
 petere, Virg.: / lawjh at your jokes, tiia 
 joca rideo, Cic. : v. to aim, laugh, etc. 
 For at all, at once, etc., v. all, osce, 
 etc. 
 
 atheism : opinio eomm qui naturam 
 doonun toUunt ; or, qui deos esse ne- 
 gant: v. Cic. N. D. i, 22, seqq. 
 
 atheist: atheos: Oiagoras has been 
 called an atheist, Diagoras atheos (al. 
 aBioi;) dictus est, Cic: Amob. I'br. : 
 Kpicurus is really an a., but in I'onls 
 admits the existence of goils, re toUit, 
 oratione reliuquil deos Kpicunis, Cic. 
 Poet.: parous deornm cuUor, Hor. 
 
 atheistic: I'hr : his opinions are 
 a., ncgat deos esse, Cic. : v. atheism. 
 
 atheistically : Pbr. : he is a. in- 
 clined. * propiiisus est ad opinionem 
 eoriiiii qui deos esse negant. 
 athirst: sitiens: V. THiRSTV. 
 athlete: athleta, ae, m.: acimiestof 
 a.s. certanien athletanim. Liv. : Cic. 
 
 athletic: |. strictly apiierfain- 
 ing loan athlete : alhleticus: tlie a. art, 
 a. ars, Gell.: Cels. ||, i. q. vii.irrous, 
 strovg (q. v.): liicertosus (lit. having 
 sineii'y viuscular arms) : fighting, a. 
 centurions, centuriones pugiiacos et 1., 
 Cic: o. hiisliandmen, 1. coloni, Ov. : v. 
 BOBrsn', STRONG. 
 athwart: trans: v. AOROS,'. 
 atlas: 'liber s. volumcn tabnlarum 
 geographicarum. (The term Atlas is 
 used by nuuleni geographers: an a. of 
 ancient gengrojiliy, *atlas aiitiqnus. 
 
 atmosphere : 1. "Er, ai-ris, m. : 
 Cic; Ot. 2- coelum ('"hoc caelum 
 appellavere majores quod alio nomine 
 aera." Plin.) : a dense, thick a., pingue 
 ct cimcretura c, Cic: a thin a., tenue c, 
 Cic. 3- inane, is, n. (i.e. tlie void, 
 poet.) : to fy through the vast a., mag- 
 num per i. volare, \'irg. : Ov. : v. air. 
 
 atmospheric : expr. by gen. of aer, 
 
 coelum: as. a. changes, aeris vices or 
 coeli niutationes. 
 
 atom: I. -^n ultimate particle: 
 
 1. atOmus, i, /. : Cic. 2. corpus 
 indivldnum, Cic: Vitr. 3. cor^jus 
 insecabile : Vitr. : Quint. 4. ('n />'• 
 of the JCpicurean atoms) : semina rerum, 
 primordia: Lucr. I, 502; al.so tignrae, 
 ib. }, 191, etc. II. A very small 
 quantity: mica, panlciila : v. grain, 
 MOK.SKL. Phr.: not an a., ne taiitulum 
 (tantillum) quidem, Cic. 
 
 atomic: at^micus,M.L. Phr.: the 
 a. theory. *doctrina atoniormn : the a. 
 philosophers, i.e. the Epicureans, minuti 
 philosoplii, Cic. 
 
 atone : 1- plo, i : to a. for a 
 crime, nefas p., Virg. : to a. for losses, 
 damna p., Ov. 2. '"o, lui, j : to a..for 
 an offence, noxam 1., Liv.: Cic. 3. 
 abluo, lui, j: to a. for perjuries, per- 
 Juria ab., Ov. : v. to exi'Iate, make 
 AMENDS. (.N.B. In old Kng. to ato«e = 
 to agree, reioncile ; q. v.) 
 
 atonement: 1. piaculum: Cic: 
 Hor. 2. piaraen : Ov. : v. expiation. 
 3, (In theological sense) reconclli- 
 aiio: V'tilg. 
 
 atonement for, make: '•«• ^or- 
 
 niully 1, expio, i ; more fully, pro- 
 
 curare atqiie pxpiare aliquid, Cic. biv. 2, 
 
 65: V. TO atone for, EXI'IATE. 2. 
 
 bistro, I (i.e. to purify by socriUce): to 
 make a. for the pinple, populum 1., Cic. . 
 Liv. 3. piirgo, I : to make a. Jor 
 a crime, nefas purgare, Ov : to make a. 
 for thepopk, jiopulos p., Ov. : Lucan. 
 
 atony: *atonia: "M. L. 
 
 atrabilious : meianchoHcus . Cic : 
 Pliii. 
 
 atrocious: 1. nPfarlus, nSfandus: 
 V. ABoMiNAiiLE. 2. immanis, e (i.e. 
 monstrous, enoi'mous) : the a. and Ixir- 
 liaious custom of sacrijiriug hninan 
 beings, I. ac barbara coiisuemdo homi- 
 nuiu immolaiidorum, Cic. 3. dirus: 
 an a. crime, dirum mlas, \'irg. . v. 
 iiREADFUL. 4. atri>x, oiis : a thing 
 .'o wicked, so a., is iih redible, res tam 
 scelesta, tam a. credi non potest, Cic. 
 V. shch:king. 
 
 atrociously: 1. netaiie : a father 
 a. slain, n. occisus pater, Cic. : to act a., 
 n. facere, Cic; v. abominably. 2. 
 foede : v. foully. 
 
 atrociousness : 7 atrocitas: the a. 
 
 atrocity : ^nf " ''«''. fa^ti "■, 
 
 Cic: the a. (f a crime, sceleiis a., S;ill. 
 J'hr.: an a()oc;<.v, dlrum nefas, Virg.; 
 atrox facinus, Liv. 
 atrophy : 1. tabes, is, ,f. : Cels. 
 
 2. atrophia. Coel. Aur. : M. L. 
 attach : I. 'f" cause to adjure, 
 
 to fasten: 1. applico, avi o/- ui, atum 
 or itmn, l : the tendons a.'d to the bim-s, 
 nervi applicati ossibus, Plin. : vines a'.d 
 to trees, vites arboribus applicitae. Quint. 
 
 2. annecto: v. TO FASTEN TO. 3. 
 agglutino, I : the linen cloth must be a.'d 
 to the forehead, linteolum fronti aggluti- 
 nare o'portet, Cels. : v. to fasten. ||. 
 To connect (F i g.) : 1. adjungo, junxi, 
 junctum, } : to a. suspicion to poverty, 
 siispicionem ad egesUitem a., Cic : to a. 
 creitit to uhat is seen, visls fidem a., Cic. 
 
 2. subjicio, Jed, Jectum, ; : Kpi- 
 curus says that they do not understand 
 vhat meaning is to be a.'d to the uord 
 honour, Kplcurus alt eos non intelligere 
 sub hac voce honestatis quae sit sub- 
 jiclenda sententia, Cic: Quint. Phr.: 
 / a. great im}X)i tance to seeing you, illud 
 mea magni interesse arhitror, te ut 
 videam,Cic |||, Ti > hind bu affection 
 or intere.<:t (v. to gain, win over) : 
 
 1, adjungo, }: he uhomi you a. by 
 kindness, acts from the heart, ille quern 
 b<nieficio adjungas, ex animo faclt, Ter. : 
 to a. any one to oneself sibi aliqnem a., 
 Cic. 2. applico, i : Sicily a.'d itself to 
 the friendship of the Human people 
 Sicilia se ad amicitiam populi II. appli- 
 cavit, Cic. 3. devlncio, vinxi, vine- 
 turn, 4 (stronger than the preceding): to 
 a. any 'me to you for ever, aliquem in 
 perpetuum tibi d., Cic: blood-relatioti- 
 ship a.s jieople to each other irith gooii 
 
 will and affectioTi, sanguinis conjunctlo 
 benevolentia d. homines et cari late, Cic : 
 Nep. 4. haerSo, haesi, haesum, i 
 {intr. to attach oic-elf) : Antttr had a.'d 
 himself to Jivander. Antorhaeserai Kvun- 
 dro, Virg. : I'lin. : v. to bind |V. To 
 arrest, seize ; q. v.: comprehindo. 
 
 attached lo'lj-)'- I. J-'attmed : 
 
 aptus : a sword a. by a horsehair, 
 gladius seta equlnaa., Cic. ||, Hound 
 by affection : \, stiidfosus (with 
 
 gen.) : I hare tome people a. to me, mei 
 habeo studiosos, Cic. : he is more a. to 
 the othei- party, sludiosior est alierius 
 partis, Sail. 2. devinctus {yreatly 
 a.) : he was greatly a. to his nife, uxor! 
 devinctus eral, lac : Hor.: v. devoted. 
 
 attachment: I. Cmiw^ion, con- 
 tact; q. V. II. close affeitii/n, devo- 
 tion : sti'ldium : the very great a. of 
 Ijivitiacus to the lioman pople, DIvltiaci 
 summum in populum Komanum s., 
 Caes.: a. to tlie Cai tlianimans.s. Poeno- 
 rnm, Cic: amor: cailtas v. affec- 
 tion, devotion, lo\ e. Ill, Arrest, 
 seizure ; q. v. : compr^hcnsio. 
 
 attack (('•): I. ^'0 act against u-iOi 
 physical force: 1. adOrior, ortus, 4 
 (usu. of an unexpected attack) : he a,'d 
 Milo from behind, a lergo Milonem 
 adortus est, Cic: to a. a i-iti/, urbem a., 
 Liv. 2. aggredior, gre>*us, j (the 
 
 most general word) who noidd iUire to 
 a. a man well attendeil f quis audeat 
 bene comitatum a..' Cic: the horse- 
 soldiers a. the enemy, equites liostes a., 
 Caes. 3. impugno, i ^of an attack of 
 trolls): to a. the enemies' rear, terga 
 hostium i., Liv.: to a. with spirit, 
 acrlter i., Caes. 4. oppugno, i (esp. of 
 regularly atticking cities): changing 
 one's plans from a.ing a city to block- 
 ading it., consillis ab oppugnanda iirbe 
 ad obsidendam versis, Liv.: Cae.s. : v. 
 to lav .siege to, assault. 5. Jn- 
 vado, vasi, vasum, i (v. to fall on, 
 tJi'ON): to a. any one with a svard, 
 cum ferro in ali<iueni i., Cic: to a. a 
 lamp, ca.stra i., Liv. 6. pflo, ivi, 
 
 w ii, itum, j (with bello or arrais, esp. 
 poet.) : to a. a city, bello urixm p., 
 Virg. : V. to aim at. 7. rf pflo, j 
 (to a. again or repeatedly : with some 
 explanatory word : cf. preceding) ■ to a. 
 .\iila again with arms, Nolam armisr., 
 Liv.: v. TOSTRiKEAGAiN. 8. teuto, I 
 (i.e. to make an attempt upoti): to a. 
 ,k7)ai'a, Achaiara t.,Caes. 9. incesso, 
 cessivi or cessi, } (esp. of repeatel. har- 
 assing uttsicks): they a.'d the stragglers 
 II ith stones, vagos lapidibus incessebant, 
 Liv. — Obs. Of course any of the above 
 may be used fig., as to a. any one with 
 money, pecunia aliqnem oppugnare, Cic. : 
 to lie a.'d by poison, veneficiisimpugnari, 
 .Suet.: cf. infr. (11.). Phr.: to a tlie 
 enemy, impetum in hostes facere, Caes. 
 (of a charge or onset) : v. attack, (subs.) 
 
 V. TO ASSAIL, ASSAULT, FALL Ul-ON. 
 
 II. To assail nith words: 1. 
 adorior, 4 (with some defining word) : to 
 a. any one nith railing, aliqviem jurgio 
 a., Ter. : they a. ."^'eneca with various 
 accusations, variis criminationibus Se- 
 necam adorluntur, Tac 2. Invcbor, 
 vectus. ; (\\\ih prep, in and ace): Ojienly 
 to a. any one in tlie senate, in senalu 
 aperte in aliquem invehi, Cic. : Li». 
 
 3. oppugno, 1 (Fig.- comp. 1.4); 
 to a. an opinion, fententiam o., Cic: to 
 a. tcith Hords, verbis o., Cic 4. '•"- 
 pugno, 1 (Fig.: comp. 1. 3): to a. an 
 ofjintOTi, sententiam 1., Tac: Sail. 5. 
 incesso, j (with abl. of means ol attack) : 
 to a. kings with fronard voids, reges 
 dictis protervis i.. Ov. : to a. any one 
 with accusations, aliquem criminibns i., 
 Tac 6. P^to, J (also with abl. of 
 means of attack) : to a. any one in a 
 letter, aliquem epistola p., Cic: to a. 
 any one i' ilh fahe accusations, aliquem 
 falsis criminibus p. Tac. 7. pros*- 
 quor, sCcutus, ? (denoting an attack 
 which is folhiweil up or t'/ntinutd): to 
 a. any one with insulting expressions, 
 aliquem contumellosls vocibus p., Cae«.: 
 he a.s the man with too violent language, 
 homlnem verbis vehementioribus pros^ 
 
 55
 
 ATTACK 
 
 ATTEND TO 
 
 ATTENDANT 
 
 qoitnr, CHc. : v. to assail. |||, To 
 
 teize (esp. of disw,ase) : 1, corripio, ripui, 
 reptum, } {suddenly): he uas tivice a.'d 
 by the disease while transacting business, 
 morbo bis inter res agendas correptus 
 est, Suet. 2. invado, j : the pain a.s 
 the eyes, dolor in oculos i., Lucr. : he says 
 tliat no greater plague has a.'d the life 
 of man, negat ullam pestem majorem in 
 vitam hominum invasisse, Cic. 3. 
 tento, I : strong minds cannot be a.'d by 
 disease, animi valentes morbo tcntari 
 non possunt, Cic. : Hor. : ■wi7ies a. the 
 head, vina tentant caput, Plin. 4. 
 attento (rare): Apul. 5. (lo attack 
 again) : r6p6to : v. to return. 
 
 attack {subs.) : 1. impetus, lis 
 (i. e. a cliarge, onset) : they made an a. 
 upon the enemy imth draivn snords, 
 gladiis destriciis in hostes i. fecerunt, 
 Caes. : to sustain an a., impetum sus- 
 tinere or ferre, Caes. : to make an a., 
 i. dare, Liv. : to ward off an a., i. pro- 
 pulsare, Cic. : an a. of fever, febris i., 
 Gels. 2. pgtltio (of a f/trHSi or aim at 
 anyone: rare): I have escaped your a.s, 
 petitiones tuas effugi, Cic. 3. impug- 
 natio (rare) : Cic. (of an attack on Milo's 
 house: Att. I, 4. med.). 4. oppug- 
 natio (usu. of an attack upon a toun : v. 
 siege): Fig.: of a forensic attack; Cic. 
 Vat 2, 5. 5. incursus, is (esp. of the 
 a. of cavalry) : to sustain a.s of cavalry, 
 i. equitum sustinere, Caes. : Liv. 6. 
 concursus, us (o combined a.) : v. en- 
 counter. Fig.: to sustain the com- 
 bined a.s of all the philosophers, c. om- 
 nium philosophorum sustinere, Cic. 7. 
 tentatio (esp. of the attacks of disease) : 
 I am glad that your health has recovered 
 both from the old disease and from the 
 new a.s, valetudinem tuam jani confinn- 
 atam esse et a veteri morbo et a novis 
 t. gaudeo, Cic: v. fit {subs.). I'hr. : 
 he had heard the signal for a. soumied, 
 bellicum cant audierat, Liv.: to make 
 an a. on, oppugnare, impugnare, etc. : 
 V. TO attack; onset, A.SS.\fl.T. 
 
 attacker : oppugnator : v. ASSAIL- 
 ANT. 
 
 attain: A. In trans. : pervenio: 
 V. TO ARRIVE AT, REACH. B. Trans.: 
 1. Sdipiscor. eptus, j : aV, are eager 
 In a. old aye, senectutem ut adipiscantur 
 oranes optant, Cic. 2, consequor, 
 
 seculus, } : to a. a public office, magis- 
 tratum c, Cic: Caes.: to a. a resem- 
 blance to truth, similitudinem veri c, 
 
 Cic: V. TO GAIN, OBTAIN. 
 
 attainable : impetrabilis, e (prop. 
 a. by a treaty or request) : when he de- 
 manded a triumph, the greatness of his 
 exploits rendered it easily a., postulantl 
 triumphum rerum gestarum magnitudo 
 Impetrabilem faciei)at, Liv.: express to 
 Juno an a. ivish, i. votum facite Junoni, 
 Prop. Phr : tiMt end is not a. to all, 
 *non ab omnibus eo perveniri potest; 
 non cujusvis est eum hnem consequi : v. 
 TO ATTAIN TO, GAIN : rcnards which arc 
 a. by mercnaries, praemia quae patent 
 stipendiariis, Cic: v. to be open. 
 
 attainder: priviiegium (i.e. a law 
 aimeil at a particular person : probably 
 the nearest Latin word) : the// did iwt 
 wish laws against private persons to be 
 proposed, for this is what is meant by 
 an a., in privaios homines leges ferri 
 noluerunt; id est enini p., Cic: to 
 propose a billifa.agaiistone,ie&\\quo 
 p. ferre, Cic: they shall not propose bills 
 of a., privilegia ne irroganto, XII. Tab. 
 ap. Cic. 
 
 attainment' I. The act of 
 
 getting: 1. Sdeptio: the a. of good, 
 a. boni, Cic. : Quint. 2. Cdmparatio: 
 the a. of pleasure, c voluptatis, Cic 
 3, or expr. by part, of verb : e. g. 
 to devote oneself to the a. of wealth, di- 
 vitiis comparandis incumbere v. to 
 ATTAIN. II. Acquired knoivlejlge or 
 skill :v LEARNING, knowledge. Phr : 
 he was a man of very great a.s, erant in 
 eo plurimae literae. Cic. : a man of 
 refined a.s, (homo) doctrina liberaliter 
 institutus, Cic : v accomi-i.ishment. 
 attaint (".) •■ privlleglura ferre, Cic. : 
 
 T. ATTAINDE& 
 
 56 
 
 attemper: v. to tesiper, mitigate. 
 
 attempt (i')-- I. To endeavour: 
 
 1. Conor 1 (with a/cc, inf., or absol.) : 
 to a. a great and difficult wwk, opus 
 magnum et arduum c, Cic. • you see that 
 Demosthenes accomplished many things, 
 that we a. many, vides Demosthenem 
 multa perficere, nos multa c, Cic. : to a. 
 to do anything, aliquid agere conari, 
 Cic. 2, coepto, I : he a.'d to repress the 
 mutiny, coercere seditionem coeptabat, 
 Tac: an animal a.s to get what it per- 
 ceives to be adapted to its nature, animal 
 c ea quae naturae sentit apta appetere, 
 Cic: also with acc: v. to begin. 3. 
 molior, 4 (i. e. to a. some great or dij]i- 
 cult work): he a.s nothing amiss, nil 
 molitur inepte, Hor. (of Homer) : v. to 
 scheme, plot. 4, tutor, enltor : v. 
 
 TO STRIVE, endeavour. (N.B. jVo( BX- 
 
 perior, which signifies the trial of an ex- 
 periment, not the attempt to do some- 
 thing: V. TO TRr.) II. To attack: 1, 
 tento, I : to a. the ivalls of a toun, moe- 
 nia oppidi t., Caes. : Liv. : v. to attack. 
 
 2. attento, i : to a. {make an at- 
 tempt on) Capua, a. Capuam, Liv. 
 
 attempt («"&s.) : 1. conatum(esp. 
 in pi.): Caes.: Juv. 2. conatus, ils: 
 to desist from an a., conatu desistere, 
 Caes.: I have checked your atrocious a.s, 
 compressi tuos nefarios conatus, Cic. 
 
 3. inceptum : to desist from an a., 
 incepto absistere, Li v. -. favour, god- 
 dess, my a.s., inceptis annue, diva, meis. 
 Ov. 4. tirocinium {a first a.) : he 
 wished to make his Jirsta., and to give a 
 proof of his eloquence in impeaclUng [,. 
 Paulus, in L. Paulo accusando t. ponere 
 et documentum eloquentiae dare voluit, 
 Liv. : Quint. 5. pfricQlum . v trial, 
 experiment. — Note. Of the preceding 
 words, conatus and conatum Imply 
 effort: inceptum only a beginning: ti- 
 rocinium is fig. and rare. 
 
 attempter : qui tentat, etc • v, verb. 
 
 attend: I, To accompany: 1, 
 coinitor, i : they a.'d the dead yonth (to 
 the grave) with vain respect, Juvenem 
 exaiiimum vano honore comitati sunt, 
 Virg. 2. prosequor, sfcutus, j (usu. 
 to a distay>ce) : to a. a funeral, exsequias 
 p., Ov : may the same esteem a. Quintus 
 to the funeral pile, eadem existimatio 
 Quintum usque ad rogum prosequalur. 
 Cic. 3, deduco: v. to escort, to 
 
 accompany. II. To be present: 1. 
 intersura, fui (with dat or prep.) : to a. 
 a sacrifice, rebus divinls i., Caes. • to a. 
 a banquet, in convivio i., Cic. 2. -id- 
 sum, fui (strictly to be present at ; 
 whereas inlersum is to take part in : 
 constr. same as preceding) : to a. an au- 
 spice-taking, auspicio adesse, Liv. (aUo 
 interesse, Liv.) : v. to be present at. 
 Ill, To follow as a consequence: v. 
 to follow. ly. To await, stay for : 
 q. v. : oppgrior, etc. 
 
 at: v. to attent) (IL). 
 
 on : V. to attend upon. 
 
 to : i. e. to pay allentiaii to: 
 
 1. animadverto, ti, sum, j : these 
 things are not a.'d to during peace, haec 
 non aiiimadvertuntur in pace. Cic. 2. 
 attendo, di, turn, i (sometimes with ani- 
 mum or animos: the object of attention 
 is expr. by ad, acc, or clause^ : attend to 
 what folloii s, attendite animos ad ea 
 quae consequuntur, Cic. : to a. to tlie 
 first line of a law, primum legis ver- 
 sum a., Cic: a. now to itltat I wish, 
 nunc quid velim, animum attendite, Ter. 
 3. circumspicio, spesi. spectum, j 
 (to look carefully round upon): these 
 and the like things must be carefully a.'d 
 to, haec et talia circumspiciinda sunt, 
 Cic. : there are a great many things to 
 bea'd to in conducting causes, pennulta 
 sunt in causis clrcumspicienda, Cic : also 
 strengthened with diligenter, Cic. 4. 
 euro, I (i. e. to undertake the care of) : 
 to a. to other people's affairs, aliena ne- 
 gotia c, Cic they a. to nothing except 
 the mind, praeter animum nihil curant, 
 Cic. : it shall be a.'d to, curabitur, Ter. 
 5. prociiro, i (esp. of attending to 
 the affairs of another; and of sacred 
 things) : to a. to the sacrifices, sacriticia 
 
 p., Caes. : to a. to accounts, ratlones pi, 
 Cic. . V. to take care of, be agent 
 
 6. servio, 4 (i. e. to he the slave of, 
 be altogether devoted to: with dat.): 
 they a.'d to their own priiate profit, 
 conipendio suo privato serviebant, Caes.; 
 to a. to one's priiate affairs, rol lamili- 
 ari s., Cic. : to a. to rumour, rumori 8., 
 Caes. 7. inservio, 4 (i. q. servio • with 
 dat.) : to a to one's oivn interests, suis 
 commodis i., Cic. : to a. to reputation, 
 famae i., Tac. 8. invigilo, i (i.e. to 
 be watchful over: with dat.): other 
 {bees) a. watchfully to the food, aliae 
 victu invigilant, Virg. : v. to watch 
 over. 9. exaudio, 4 {i. e. to listen to : 
 q. V.) : the adviser not a.'d to vnll laugh, 
 ridebit monitor non exauditus, Hor. 
 
 10. obtempero, i (i.e. to hearken 
 to, comply with : usu. with dat.) : 1 
 know for certain that the gods itiM a. 
 more to you, tibi deos certo scio obtem- 
 peraturos magis, Ter. : Idon't a. to what 
 he says, non ego illi obtempero quod lo- 
 quitur, PI. : if I had been a.'d to, si mlhl 
 esset obtemperatum, Cic. U. prae- 
 vertor (in impetf. tenses), praeverti, j 
 (to a. to first or in preference : usu. with 
 dat.): he tlumght that he ought first to a. 
 to this matter, huic rei praevertendum 
 existimavit, Caes.: let us first a. to that, 
 llluc praevertamur, Hor. Phr.. are you 
 a.ing or not f hoccine agis an non .' Ter. : 
 not a.ing, and thinking of nothing of 
 the kind, aliud agens ac nihil ejusmodl 
 cogitans, Cic. 
 
 upon or on: 1. appa- 
 
 reo, 2 {of formal or legally required at- 
 tendance: with dat.): theprie).ts niiista. 
 upon the gods, sacerdotes diis appurento, 
 Cic. . four-and-twenty lictors a. upon 
 the constils, quatuor et viginti lictores a 
 consulibus, Liv. 2. sector, i {ofsla^-es, 
 dependents, etc.) ; / have now been a.iny 
 upon you for five years, equidem te jam 
 sector quintum hunc annum, PI., to a. 
 upon the jrraefor, praetorem p., Cic. : a 
 body of horsemen a.s upon the king, 
 equitum manus regem sectatur, Tac. 
 
 3, assector, 1 (esp. of the friends 
 of candidates) : Galba a.'d on Crassus 
 « hen he was a candidate for the aedile- 
 ship, quum aedilitatem Crassus_ peteret, 
 eum Galba assectabatur, Cic Tac 4, 
 assum (ads.), fui : (in most general sense : 
 to be present with : with dat.): so much 
 giace a.'d on her art, tantus decor affttit 
 arti, Ov. 5. frgquento, i (only of great 
 n u m bers) : the work-people a.'d vpon 
 Maiius in great numbers, opifices Ma- 
 rium trequentabant. Sail: Tao. 
 
 attendance: I. The act of waUing 
 on or serving : 1, apparitio {official 
 a.)' during his long a. (in the capacity 
 ot interjneter), I fiare learnt his fidelity, 
 in longa ejus a. fidem cognovl, Cic. 2. 
 assectatio (of the a. of dependents) : Cic : 
 Q. Cic. 3, assidultas {cmistant a.) : the 
 lonslant a. of a physician, medici a., 
 Cic : he danced a. on you the next day, 
 assiduitatem tibi praebuit postridie, Cic 
 
 4, lr6quentia(a. in great irunibers): 
 the daily, amttavt, and numerous cu of 
 Jriends, quotidiana amicorum iissiduitas 
 et f., Q. Cic. (\, ofRcium {compli- 
 mevtary): a. on the new consuls, of. 
 novorum •onsulum. Suet. ||, Service! 
 ministerium . to renner any one a., 
 alicul m. facere. Just.: a. upon the 
 emperor, ministeria principatus, Tac: 
 V. SERVICE. III. A body of a.s : v. 
 retinue, attendant. 
 
 attendant {adj) ■• 1. adjunctus: 
 esp. in neut. pi., adjuncta, a. circum- 
 stances: Cic 2, quod sequitur, com- 
 itatur, etc. 
 
 attendant («*''.'•) •■ 1, accensus 
 
 (a kind of assistant lictor: esp. of 
 the a. on the consul who had not the 
 fasces) ; Tettius v as an a. on Xero, 
 Tettius a. Meroni fuit, Cic. 2. ap- 
 
 paritor (the most comprehensive term 
 to denote all kinds of ofi'cial as on ma- 
 gistrates : as, lictors, apparitors, accensi) : 
 Cic: Suet. 3. assectator (a depend- 
 ant) : a certain old a., one of my 
 friends, quidam veins a., ex numero 
 amicorum, Cic 4, stlpator (esp. ot
 
 A XT E N T I O N 
 
 ATTESTATION 
 
 ATTRIBUTABLE 
 
 the body-ffuard of kings) . personal aj, 
 corporis stlpatores, Cic. : Hor. 5. sec- 
 tator (an a. on a candidate for offio:) : 
 I' hat need is thereof a^f quid opiis est 
 !^ectatoribu3 ? Cla g, satelles, itis 
 
 (f sp. of a king's guard : but also used 
 of other dependants) : gold loves to make 
 its uay through the midst of a.s, aurum 
 per medlos Ire satellites umat, Hor. : the 
 aj of < 'aesar, Caesaris s.. Tac. Fig.: 
 the guardian and inflexible a. of true 
 virtue, vlrtutls verae custos rigidusfiue 
 s., Hor. 7. famulus,/em. famula (a 
 t^Ave: esp. ^x-i.): tlie a.s of the lda/:an 
 mother, idaeae matris famuli, Cic. : tite 
 as carried him in a stiot/n into the 
 house, famuli collapsum in tecta fere- 
 bant, Virg. : Iter female a.s raise her up, 
 ^u^cipiuIlt famulae, Virg. Fig.: merit 
 IS tlie a. of fortune, virtus famula for- 
 tunae est, Cic. 8. minister and ml- 
 iilstra (a servant: not necessarily a 
 slave): a hundred as of the same age, 
 centum pares aetate ministri, Virg.: 
 Li v.: CLS in pea<e and war, pacisque 
 bellique mlnistrae, Virg. : a body of a.s, 
 ministgrium, Tac: Plin. 9. ministra- 
 tor (rare): / pass through the croud of 
 a.s, transeo turbam minlstratonim. Sen. 
 10. pSdisgquus and pddisSqua (a 
 lacquey, perfonal a.): my daughter's a., 
 nieae gnatae pedisequa, i'l. : the shouting 
 of the a.s, clamor pedlsequorum, Cic. 
 Fig.: you hare united your knouledge 
 of law to eloquence as its icaiting-maid 
 and a., istam Juris scientiam eloquentiae 
 tanquam ancillulam pediscquanique ad- 
 junxisti, Cic. : v COMPANION, servant. 
 
 attention : \. The act or state of 
 alticnding: 1, aniniadversio (rare : and 
 denoting notice, observation, rather than 
 fixed attention): a. and core must be 
 raised into activity, excilanda est a. et 
 diligentia, Cic. 2. atteiitus animus 
 (the most perfect equiv. for the English 
 word): to listen to anything with a. and 
 admiration (of a number of persons), 
 aliquid animis attentis admirantes excip- 
 ere, Cic. : to pay a. to the maintenance 
 of propriety, attentos animos (uttentum 
 a. of one person) ad decoris conservati- 
 onem tenere, Cic. (Similarly the word 
 may be expr. by attenta auris, if li.<'ten- 
 ing be referred to; or attentum studium 
 of earnest a. in general. Intentus may 
 be used if the idea is that of intently 
 _/(a;in5 the mind upon something.) 3. 
 intentio (both with and without atiimi or 
 mentis) ; / u ill tell you if you imll lend 
 me your a., dlcam si mihi accommoda- 
 veris lutentionem tuam, Sen. : in. animl 
 or mentis, yuint. : the a. of hearers, i. 
 audientium, yuint. : nor let a discourse 
 be so long that the a. cannot follow it to 
 the end, nee sit sermo tam longus ut eum 
 prosequi non possit i., t^iint. 4. au- 
 dientia (hearing) : J foresee how much a. 
 his unprincipled conduct u-ill procure far 
 -ny speech, prospicio quantam a. orationi 
 meae improbitas illius lactura sit, Cic: 
 Liv. Phr. : to gain the a. of a judge, 
 judicem attentum facere, Cic. : to draw 
 everybody s a. iijion miesef, omnium ocu- 
 los ad se convertere, Nep. : Curt ; also 
 simply, conspici, Llv. : Nep. : to attract 
 a. by noie'tyin speaking, animos honii- 
 num ad se convertere novitate dicendi, 
 Cic: as tlie king n as paying his uhole 
 a. to the man, cum intentus in eum se 
 rex totus adverteret, Llv. : to pay a. in 
 silence (to a play), (cum) silentlo animum 
 advertere, J'er. : Cic. ||. A jmlite cu:t, 
 obliging conduct : 1, seduliUis (careful 
 a.) : f eigne I a., slmulata s., Cic : oblig- 
 ing a., officiosa s., Hor. 2. obser- 
 vantia (esp, with rel'. to a superior : but 
 not solely), to retain friends by a., ami- 
 cos observantla retluere, Cic: a. to the 
 king, o. in regera, Llv. 3. cultus, us 
 (with ref. either to equals or to supe- 
 riors): to those connected by blood, ser- 
 vice and careful a. is paid, sanguine 
 conjunctls ofiiclum et diligens tribuitur 
 c, Cic: V. SEBVICE, KIKDNESS; arid full. 
 art. 
 
 1 to pay: 1. Opfiram 
 
 do, dedi, datum, I (to do all in one's 
 pou-er for a certain end) : to pay a. to 
 
 one's health, valctndini o. dare, Cic. : to 
 pay a. to a conversation, sermoni o. dare, 
 
 Cic. : V. TO EXERT ONESELF. 2. ob- 
 
 servo, I (to show marks of respect to) : 
 to pay a. to oiie's fellow-tribesmen, trl- 
 bules suos observare. Cic . tlie victors 
 pay marked and very hiring a. to me, 
 victores me perofficiose et peranianter 
 ob.>er\'ant. Cic: Virg. 3. studeo, i 
 (to devote oneself to: with dat.): to pay 
 a. to agrv-ulture, agriculturae s., Caes. : 
 to pay a. to literature. Uteris s., Cic : he 
 paid exclusive a. to none of these things, 
 horum ille nihil egiegie studebat, Ter. 
 4. ccjIo. &1, cuitum, J (prop, to be- 
 stow care upon) : to pay a. to tlie study 
 of philosophy, studium philosophiaec, 
 Cic: to pay a. to the liljeral arts, artes 
 Uberales c, Suet. : v. also attestiov 
 (1. 2). 
 
 attention, deserving of, or at- 
 tracting : conspicicndus • let him sit 
 upon a swift horse, attracting n., insi- 
 deat celeri conspicicndus equo, 'I'ib. : a 
 work ivnrihy of a., opus c, Liv. : v. to 
 
 ATTEND to (4). 
 
 attentive: I. T^iat pays attention : 
 1, attentus: an a. mind, a. animus, 
 Ter.: an a.juryman. Judex a., Cic. : v. 
 ATTENTION (L 2 and Phr.). Very a., 
 peraltentus : a very a. mind, p. animus, 
 Cic. 2. intentus (stronger than at- 
 tentus: V. INTENT, EAGER): he listened 
 to your prayers tvith a. enr, intenta tuis 
 precibus se pradsuit aure, Tib. 3. 
 erectus (aroused : q. v.) : a. jurymen, 
 e. Judices, Cic. : Liv. 4. auritus (lit. 
 possessed of ears: poet.): a. oalcs, a. 
 quercus, Hor. : make the people a., face 
 (i.e. fac) auritum populum, PI. (some- 
 what simly. Hor. has acutae aures (ot 
 the satyrs) for up-pricked, attentive 
 ears). Phr.: he was not a. nlien the 
 cause uas being conducted by others, 
 non affuit animo quum ab aliis causa 
 ageretur, Cic- v. to pat attention 
 and CAREFCL. ||. That waits upon : 
 
 1. sediilus: an a. nurse, s. nutrix, 
 Ov. : let the a. c»"onid of young men escort 
 the old man home, deducat Juveniim 
 s. turba senem, Tib. 2. observans, 
 antis : a man most a. to me, obser\antis- 
 simus mei homo, Cic. 3. officiosus: 
 the peop'e of iMmpsacus are most a. 
 (= resjjctful) to all Roman citizens, 
 homines Ijampsaceni summe in omnes 
 cives Ptomanos 0., Cic. (For the differ- 
 ence between the above words, comp. 
 attention, II.) 
 
 attentively : 1. attentg : to listen 
 
 to any one most a., aliquem altentissime 
 (or perattente) audire, Cic. 2. intente 
 (rather stronger than 1) : teachers wish 
 to be listened to a. and modestly, prae- 
 ceptores se i. ac modeste audiri volunt, 
 yuint. : Tac 3. sedulo: v. dilioext- 
 LV. 4. ofTicIose (paying respectful 
 
 attentions) : Cic. Phr.: to listen to 
 a., attento animo (attentis animis, of 
 a number) aliquid e.\c:pere : v. atten- 
 Trov (I. 2): to look a. at something, 
 conlcinplari : v. TO gaze at. 
 
 attenuant (o^j-)! attenuans, antis : 
 ^I. Ij. 
 
 attenuant (subs.) .• medlcamentum 
 attenuans: M. L. 
 
 attenuate : 1. attSntio, i : sleep- 
 ?«.■>'»■ nights a. the bodies of young men, a. 
 Juvenum vigilatae corpora noctes, Ov. 
 
 2. extenuo, i: to a. a line of troops, 
 aciem e., Liv. : v. to e.xtenuate. 3. 
 tenue s. gracile (e.g. corpus), reddo, effi- 
 cio : V. thin. 
 
 attenuated : 1. attgnuatus : a. by 
 lore, a. aniore, Ov. : Suet. 2. extenQ- 
 atus ; a. air, e. aer, C!ic. : Ov. : v. thin. 
 
 attenuation : extSniiatlo : the a. of 
 the air, aeris e.. Sen. 
 
 attest: 1. tester, i: the plain a.s 
 baltle.<< by its tombs, campus sepulcris 
 proelia t.. Hor. 2. testiflc<>r, i : v. 
 
 TO TF.STIFV, hear WITNE.SS. 3. Slgno, 
 
 I (i.e. to attest by one's signature or 
 seal) . v. TO SIGN. 
 
 attestation: 1. testlficatio: Cic. 
 2. te>timonium : forged a.s, falsa t., 
 Liv. Phr.: <Aie a. o^ a w«7^ testament! 
 testinmsubscriptio: v. evidence. 
 
 Attic fodj") ■• 1. Attlcus: A. faith 
 (i. e. sincerity), A. fides. Veil. : A. grace, 
 A. lepos, Mart. : A. refinement, A. sub- 
 tlUtas, Cic 2. Actaens (chiefly poet ): 
 Ov. : Stat. J y" ' 
 
 attic (subt.): coenacQlum: Cic.: 
 
 Hor.: V GARRET. 
 
 attire ("■) ■ vestio : v. to dkess. 
 attire (subs.): vestltus: v. dbesb, 
 
 CLOTH F,-. 
 
 attitude: I. Lit.: nf tU Itody: 
 
 1. status, us: an erect arui lofty a., 
 s. erectus et celsus, Cic; an unljecoming 
 a., s. indecorus. Quint.: he frvjuently 
 changes his a.s, crebro c-ommutat statos, 
 PI.: a threatening a., minax s., Hor. 
 F i g. : to force the terrified mind from 
 its position and fixed a., animum per- 
 terrltum loco et certo de s. demovere, 
 Cic. 2. habitus, Qs (usu. of what ia 
 pennanent : v. mien, air) : ana.of won- 
 der, admirationls h., Quint.: Sen.: v. 
 POSTURhL II. Fig.: bearing or de- 
 meanour towards. I'hr. : to assume 
 Uiis or that a. towards any one, ita, tali 
 raodo, se gerere adversus aliquem. Clc: 
 
 v. TO KKHAVE ONESELF. 
 
 attorney. 1. cognltor (probably 
 the nearest word to the Knglish ; and 
 denoting a regularly appointci legal ad- 
 viser, of. Cic Rose. Com. i8. 5J : "alteri 
 nemo (petere) potest, nisi qui cognltor 
 est factus:" but the law was not divided 
 into separate professions as with us): 
 you were appointed the a. of Roseius in 
 that suit, in eam litem c. Roscii es factus, 
 Cic: to appoint an a. for any one, 
 cognitorem alicui adscribere, Cic. : Hor. 
 
 2. procurator: Cod. Theod. (N.B. 
 There was a technical distinction be- 
 tween the cognltor and the procurator 
 which cannot be preserved in Kllgli^h: 
 V. Heinec. Sj-n. Ant. iv. lo, 2.) 3. 
 advocatus (1. e. a kind of assistant- 
 counsel): V. ADVOCATE. Phr.: your 
 business cannot be managed by a. (or 
 deputy), delegationem ista res non re- 
 cipit. Sen. : a letter of a., •literae pro- 
 curationis. 
 
 attorney-general : 1. advijcatus 
 
 fisti : Span. (.- V. I Met. Ant. p. i8). 2. 
 *cognItor publicus, procurator publicus 
 a causis (v. Forcell. s. v. pnx^urator). 
 
 attorneyship : 1. cognitio (i. e. the 
 acting as a cognltor) : Kdict Imp. (vide 
 Forcell., s. v.). 2. procuratlo (i. e. the 
 acting as procurator): l)ig. Phr.: to 
 bestoiv on any one the a., aliquem cogni- 
 torem, etc. facere : v. ATTORNEY. 
 
 attract: I. Physically: 1. 
 
 traho, traxi, tractum. ; (with prep.): 
 the loailstone allures and a.s the iron to 
 it, magnes ferrum ad se alllcit et t., Cic : 
 also vi'xih prep, ia : Plin. 2. attraho, 
 } : the loadstone as iron, magnes ferrum 
 a., Plin.: v. to draw. ||, Fig.: 1. 
 traho, J : ire are all a.'d and leii to a 
 desire of knowledge, omnes trahimur et 
 ducimur ad scientiae ciipiditatem. Cic 
 2. attraho. J : to a. a man to Rome, 
 hominem Homam a., Cic. : to a. disciples, 
 discipulos a., Ov. 3. alllcio: v. TO 
 
 ALLURE. 
 
 attraction : I. The power of draw- 
 ing toiiards: *vis attractionis : M. L. 
 II, The act of drauimj towards: 
 attractus. lis: Diet. Cret. j||. Charm, 
 allurement, q. v. : illecebra (UsU. iu pi.): 
 what a. fur the young vas eier possessed 
 by any one equal to that I'hiih he pos- 
 sessed f quae tanta in ullo homine Jo- 
 ventulls 1. fuit quanta in illo.' Cic: the 
 a.s of pleasure, illeeebrae voluptatis, 
 
 Cic : V. CHARU, FASCINATION, SSBCC- 
 TION. 
 
 attractive: |. Phys: Phr.: tA« 
 a.forie of bodies, *ea corporum vis qu* 
 invlcem attrahuntur. ||. Fig.: L 
 lilandus: Clc. 2. illfcibrOsus (rare): 
 PI. Phr.: she had something indexrib- 
 al>ly a. about her, •inerat el nescio quid 
 sua\-itatis atque illecebranim : t. chabm- 
 
 ING, ALLIRING. 
 
 attractively : biande : v. allub- 
 
 INGLY. 
 
 attractiveness : l«pos, Oris . t. 
 
 CHARM. 
 
 attributable: expr. bv^^. orjwr*.
 
 ATTRIBUTE 
 
 AUDITOR 
 
 AUSPICES 
 
 of ■verbs = to attribute : as, the fault is 
 not a. to Trie, culpa in me conferenda 
 non est, Caes. P h r. : it was a. to you 
 that we did not take, the town, per te 
 stetit quominus oppido potiremur, Caes. 
 attribute ("0 •• 1. trxbuo, ui, utum, 
 J : to a. anything to the bravery of the 
 enemy, aliquid virtuti hostium l., Caes. -. 
 Cic. : V. TO ASSIGN. 2. attrlbuo, j : if 
 he (Cato) seems to talk too eruditely, a. 
 it to his Greek studies, si eruditius vi- 
 debitur disputare, attribuito Graecis Ute- 
 ris, Cic. : V. TO ASCRIBE. 3. assigno, 
 I: do not a. this to my wickediiess, ne 
 hoc sceleri meo assignes. Cic. 4. de- 
 lego, I {to delegate) : to a. the honour of 
 saving the consul to a slave, servati 
 consulis decus ad servum d., Liv. : to 
 «. crimes to others, scelera aliis d., Tac. 
 5. affingo, fiiixi, fictum, } (to a. 
 wrongly): to a. an honest speech to a 
 bad man, probani orationem improbo 
 a., Cic. : to a. a crime to any one, alicui 
 crimen a., Tac: v. to attach, ascribe, 
 IMPUTE. P h r. : plays uhich are a.d tu 
 Plautus, fabulae quae nomini Plauti ad- 
 dicuntur, Gell. j, j (where he is spealc- 
 ing of spurious plays: to attribute right- 
 fully would rather be tribuere: v. to 
 
 ASSIGN). 
 
 attribute (S"!>s.) ; Phr.: philosophy 
 is naturally an a. of this man's luiiui, 
 inest natura philosophia in hujus viii 
 mente, Cic. : it is an a. of a icise man 
 to do nothing against his "■ill, sapientis 
 est propriuin nihil lacere inviiutii, Cic. : 
 right, unchanging reason is to be re- 
 garded as an a. of God, Deo tribuenda 
 est ratio lecta, coiistans, Cic. : v. pro- 
 
 PERTV, quality, characteristic. — 
 
 N.B. Liicr. uses conjuncta of the pri- 
 mary a.s of bodies (i, 450); but his 
 nomenclature does not seem to have 
 been followed by others. 
 
 attributive (subs.): i.e. adjunct: 
 
 1. attribiitio : Cic. 2. attribu- 
 tum : Cic. 
 
 attrition: attritus, us: Plin. : V. 
 
 ABICVSION, friction. 
 
 attune: I. ^^ render musical: 
 
 modiilor, i : men's ears naturally a. 
 their voice, hominuni aures vocem na- 
 tura m., Cic. II, To adjust one sound 
 to another : P h r. : to a. tlie a/ice to a 
 lyre, *efficere ut vox lyrae concinat; 
 vocem lyrae consonam reddere. 
 
 auburn : 1. fulvus : a. Iiair, falva 
 caesaries, Virg. Aen. 11, 642. 2. 
 aureus ; v. yellow, golden. 
 
 auction ; 1. auctio : to give notice 
 or adcertise an a., auctionem proscri- 
 bere, Cic. . the a. had been arranged to 
 take plai-e at Rome, erat constituta a. 
 Romae, Cic. : to adjourn or put off an 
 a., a. proterre, Cic. : to sell by a., auc- 
 tione vendere, Cic. : a regular frequenter 
 of a.s, circulator aactlonum, Cic. Phr.: 
 catalogues of a. sales, tabulae auctio- 
 nariae, Cic; auctlonalia. ium : Ulp. To 
 hold an a., auctionor, i : Cic. : Caes. 
 
 2. hasta (because a spear was sturk 
 In tlie ground to indicate tlie sale : only 
 of auctions of p2tt<iic property) : a pur- 
 chase at an a., emptio ab hasta, Cic. . 
 to sell by a., sub hasta vendere, Liv. 
 
 3. tabula : Aebutius is present at 
 the a., Aebutius adest ad tabulam, 
 Cic. 
 
 auction-room or mart: atrium 
 
 auctionarium : Cic. 
 
 auctioneer : 1. auctlonans, antis : 
 Cic 2, *uui auctioni praeest. 3. 
 praeco: to subject any one's goods to 
 the offensire voiceofthe a., bona alicujus 
 voci acerbissimae suhjicere praeconis, 
 Cic (the praeco, however, was not 
 ■trictly the auctioneer but the crier). 
 
 audacious: 1. audax. acis (usu. 
 in bad sense) : the a. rate (son) of lape- 
 txts, a. lapeti genus, Hor. : an a. crime, 
 a. facinus, Tac. 2. confidens, entis 
 
 (also in good sense) : an a. fellow, homo 
 c. Ten: Cic: v. bold, impudent. 
 Phr.: an a. crime, facinus : v. crime. 
 
 audaciously: 1. audacter (usu. 
 
 in bad sense) : Cic. : Liv. 2. confi- 
 
 denter (more usu. in good sense) : Cic. : 
 
 V\.: V. BOLDLY. 
 58 
 
 audaciousness l 1. audada (usu. in 
 
 audacity ) bad sense : where- 
 
 as audentia is simple daring ; q. v.) : a. 
 rather than courage, a. potius quam for- 
 titudo, Cic. 2. confidentia (also in 
 
 good sense: v. confidence): your a. 
 aivi rashness, c. et temeritas tua, Cic. : 
 V. boldness. 
 
 audible : *quod audiri (exaudiri) pot- 
 est; quod auribus percipi potest: v to 
 HEAR. Phr.: he sp>ke in so low a tone 
 tliat he was not a., •tam submissa voce 
 loquebatur ut exaudiri non posset : the 
 clash of arms becomes more and more a., 
 darescunt sonitus armorum, Virg. — 
 N B Clams as applied to the voice is 
 clear, loud, distinct, not merely audible 
 (cf. Cic. CI. 48, IJ4 : " Clara voce ut om- 
 nis concio audire posset.") 
 
 audibly : P h r. : (o speak a., clara 
 voce dicere ita ut (or simply, ita dicere 
 ut) omnes exaudire possiut: v. aloud, 
 
 AUDIBLE. 
 
 a.udience : I. ^ hearing : audi- 
 entia: gentle speech gains a. for itself, 
 tacit ipsa sibi a. mitis oratio, Cic. Phr.: 
 togivej'avourable a. to any one, aliquem 
 benigne audire, Liv. ||, Admittance 
 to a hearing : 1, admissio; to admit 
 to an a., a. dare, Plin : the readiness 
 ivith which you granted a.s, admissio- 
 nura tuarum facilitas, Plin. : Sen. 2. 
 ilditus, US: to obtain an a. with the em- 
 peror by bribery, principis aditum eraer- 
 cari, Tac. : Hamilcar had an a. with the 
 king, Hamilcar aditum regis obtinuit, 
 Just.: V. ACCESS. Phr.: he gare a. to 
 no one, neminem admisit, Cic. : they 
 begged to be admitted to ati a., admit- 
 tier orant, Virg. : to give an a. of the 
 senate, senatum dare, &ill. ; a full senate 
 gare a. to the ambassad/)rs, legatis est 
 senatus datus frequens, Cic. : to ask for 
 a private a., secretum petere, Tac. : 
 Suet. : to admit a man to a secret a., ali- 
 quem in secretum recipere. Sen. |||, 
 A body of aitditors : 1. auditores : the 
 good sense of tite a. has always been a 
 check on the eloquence of orators, semper 
 oratorura eloquentiae moderatrix fuit 
 auditorum prudentia, Cic. : a numerous 
 a., auditorum frequentia, Quint. 2. 
 qui audiunt (or part, audientes): to 
 sootlie or to excite the mimis of the a., 
 eorum qui audiunt mentes aut sedare 
 aut excitare, Cic. : it makes a difference 
 whether the a. is numerous or small, 
 refert qui audiant, frequentes an pauci, 
 Cic. : fit a. let me find though few, *<i\gn\ 
 sint quamvis pauci qui me audiant : to 
 inflame, excite the minds of an a., au- 
 dieiitiura animos inflammare, permovere, 
 Cic. : V. auditory. 3. corona (an a. 
 standing round in a circle) : to plead a 
 cause with a rery large a., dicere causam 
 magna c, Cic. : Ov. Phr.: a crowded 
 a., *frequentia s. celebritas audientium 
 (v. supr. 11 L 1): a select rather tfian a 
 7iumerous a., *auditores magis erudlti 
 atque politl quam frequentes. 
 
 audit {suljs.): 1. rationum inspec 
 tio: Traj. ap. Plin. (but as the word 
 audit implies more than mere examina- 
 tion, more fully), 2. *rationum in- 
 spectio atque explicatio: v. to audit. 
 3, dispunctio; an a. must be granted 
 to the creators, d. concedenda est credi- 
 toribus, Ulp. 
 
 audit (i'.) ." 1, inspTcio, spexi, spec- 
 tum, J • they did not olject to your a.ing 
 their axcounts, te ut ratioiies suas inspic- 
 eres non recusaverunt, TraJ. ap. Plin.; 
 or more fully, *rationes inspicere atque 
 explicare. 2, consolTdo, i : a.'d ac- 
 counts, rationes consolidatae, Cic Fam. 
 5, 2o. 3. dispungo, punxi, punctum, 
 } : to a. is to compare receipts and pay- 
 ments, d. est conferre recepta et data, 
 Ulp. : to a. the accounts of payments and 
 receipts, rationes expensorum et accep- 
 torum d., Liv. 
 
 auditor : I. ^ hearer .- 1. au- 
 dlens, entis : Cic. : Quint. 2. audi- 
 tor : Cic. : Quint. 3. qui audit : Cic. : 
 Quint. : v. audience (II.). ||, One who 
 examines and settles accounts : \, dis- 
 punclor : Tert. 2. Qui rationes con- 
 solidat : cf. Cic. Fam. 5, 20. 3, *<l"i 
 
 rationes inspicit atque explicat: v, TO 
 
 AUDIT. 
 
 auditory ((wyo ■• audi tortus: the a. 
 passages, a. caveniae, Coel. Aur. 
 
 auditory («"**•) •■ auditorium: Plin.: 
 V. AUDIENCE (111.). 
 
 auger : perloraculum : Am. 
 
 augment (!'.) •• A. Trans.: 1. 
 augeo, adaugeo : v. to increase. 2. 
 multiplico, I (prop, to increase mont- 
 fold: V. Caes. B.C. i, }l) : tlie riveis are 
 a.'d by the accumulated waters, fiumina 
 collectis multiplicantur aquis, Ov.: v. 
 to multiply. B. I n trans. : augeor. 
 cresco • v. to increase. 
 
 augment (gram. 1. 1.) -. *augmentmn : 
 Gram.: the syllabic a., *a. syllabicum; 
 tIte temporal a., *a temporale. 
 
 augmentation: incrementum: ac- 
 cessiu : V. increase, enlargement. 
 
 augmentative : quod anget, etc. 
 
 augur (_subs.) : augur, iiris : to elect 
 an a. (by cooptatio), augurem cooptare. 
 Cic. ; also a. creare, Liv. : the college of 
 a.s, augurum collegium, Liv. ■ to consult 
 the a.s, augures consulere, Liv. P h r. : 
 the office of a. : augiiratus, Us: Cic. : an 
 a.'s staff, litiius: Cic: Liv.: augiirale, 
 is, n. ; .Sen.: v. also soothsayer. 
 
 augur (".)•• 1. auguror, I : < alchas 
 a.'d the years of the Trojan war from the 
 number <f sparrows, Olchas ex pas- 
 serum numero belli Trojani annos au- 
 guratus est, Cic. : also as v. act. : if the 
 mind a.s any truth, si quid veri mens 
 augurat, Virg. 2. vatidnor: v. to 
 
 foretell, forebode, prophect. 
 
 augural: auguralis, e: o. 6ooto, libri 
 a., Cic. Phr: the a. region of observor 
 <ie»i, teniplum : Liv. 
 
 augury: I. The act or practice of 
 foretelling e rents : 1, augiiratio (rare) : 
 Cic. 2. augurium : to practise a., a. 
 agere, Cic. 3. auspicium ; Liv. : Cic. : 
 v. auspices. II, An omen: 1. au- 
 giirium : to announce an a., a. nuntiare, 
 Liv. 2. auspicium : we consider light- 
 ning the best a. if an the left, fulmen op- 
 timum a. habemus si sinistrum fuerit, 
 Cic. 3. ales, itis, /. (poet.) : Hor. : 
 Cat. Phr.: after taking the augunes, 
 augiirato: Liv.: to practise a., to take 
 the a.s, inaugiiro, i : Pi. : Liv. : v. omen, 
 prophecy. 
 
 august (adj): augustus (prop, cf 
 that which hiis augural sanction) : to 
 render the origin of cities more a., 
 primordia urbium augustiora facere, 
 Liv. : v. majestic, grand. 
 
 August (subs.) : sextilis, is, m. : 
 sextilis mensis(the name in the repub- 
 lican period, changed into Augustus in 
 honour of the Emperor): Cic: Hor.: 
 on the first of August, Kalendis sextll- 
 ibus, Liv. : also, mensis augustus or Au- 
 gustus : Juv. : Plin. 
 
 aunt : I. Paternal : amita : Cic. : 
 
 Liv. : a great-aunt, amita magna. Pig. 
 
 II. Maternal : materl6ra : Cic: Ov. : 
 
 a great-aunt, magna matertera, Paul. 
 
 Dig. 
 
 auricle ; I. I"''^ external ear : au- 
 rieiila : Cic. : v. ear. ||, A carity of 
 the heart : auriciila : M. L. : the right a., 
 a. dextra, or atrium venarum cavarum: 
 M.L. 
 
 auricula (species of primrose): 
 *aurlciila primula : Linn. 
 
 auricular : aurlcuiaris, e : the a. 
 muscles, musciilia. . M.L. Phr.: a. 
 confession, *conlessio peccitorum sacer- 
 doti in aurem dicta, ( Kr.) (The phrase 
 confessio auricularis should only be u^*d 
 in strictly technical sense. Calv. inst 
 Christ. Rel.) 
 
 auriferous: aurif?r, era, erum: 
 Tib. ■ Plin. : v. gold. 
 
 aurist: aurlculariusmedicns: Ulp. 
 
 aurochs : 1. iirus ; Caes. : Virg. 
 2. bison, ontis : Plin. 
 
 auscultation : *auscultatio : M. L, 
 (the word occurs in Seneca in the sense 
 of listening). 
 
 auspices : I. Omens : auspidnm : 
 the consul said that what was dene for 
 the safety of the slate wcui done with the 
 most favourable a., consul dixit optlmi* 
 a. ea geri quae pro reipublicae salute ge«
 
 AUSPICIOUS 
 
 AUTHORITY 
 
 AUTHORSHIP 
 
 TCTMitBr, Clc : against the a., contra au- 
 gplcla, Cic. Phr. : after taking the a., 
 ansplcato : Cic. : tfw. tak-iny i<J tlie a,, 
 auspicatus, us : Plin. : in a place Ctm- 
 tecraled by the a., auspicate In loco. Clc. : 
 Hor. : Gracchus foryot to taJce the a., 
 Oracchus ausplcari t-st oblltus, Clc. ||. 
 Direction, protectiim: q. v.: auspicium : 
 UTtder your a. xoars have been termi' 
 noted Ihrouyhout llie world, tuis a. to- 
 tum confecta duella per orbem, Hor. 
 Phr.: uruler the a. of Tetuer, auspice 
 Tencro, Hor. : uwler tlie a~ of the gods, 
 diis auspiclbus, Virg. : Ov. 
 
 auspicious: 1. faustus: an a. 
 omen, f. omen. Liv. : a fortunate and a. 
 dejxiiiuie, exitus felix f.qiie, Lucr. : O 
 night, a. for this city, no.x ilia f. 
 hnic urbi, Cic. 2. ausplcatus (prop. 
 appointed or sanctioned by auspirei : v. 
 ACsriCF.s, 1. //ii.); o more a. love, au- 
 spicatior Venus, Cat. : a. omenf, a. omina, 
 Veil. : a most a. commeruement, auspi- 
 catissimum initlum rebus agendis, Tac. 
 3. de.xter, tCra and Ira, terum and 
 trum : an a. omen, d. omen, Val. Kl. : a. 
 Jove, d. Jupiter, Pers 4. bonus, and 
 esp. in superl., optimus. 6. Uietus 
 (v. jovfitl): an a. auyury, I. auRiiiIuni, 
 Tac.: Plin. 6. felix- v. lucky, ka- 
 VOUBAKI.K. rRoriTiocs. 
 
 auspiciously: 1. auspTcato (strict- 
 ly, a/'<«/' hanng taJcen the auspices: v. 
 ArspiCES, Phr5: to arrice a., a. se 
 afferre, Ter. 2. feliciter: Caes. : Cic: 
 
 V. PAVOUBAULV, PROPITIOCSLY. 
 
 austere : I. ffarsh, rough (to the 
 taste) ; q. v. : austerus. ||. Severe, 
 
 stem, harsh ; q. v. : austerus. sfiverus. 
 
 austerely: austere, severe, v. se- 
 
 VERELV. 
 
 austerity: austerltas, sSverTtas: 
 
 V. HAI!SHNIi:S.S, ROCGH.NF-SS, SEVF.RITV. 
 
 Phr.: the austerities of a monastic 
 life, *duritia ac parsimonia monacborum 
 (ascetica : M. L.). 
 
 authentic : 1. certus : to write all 
 a. news, omnia c. perscritxre, Cic: a 
 most a. proof of my affection, anions 
 met signum certis-simura, Cic. 2. ve- 
 rus : a perfectly a. letter, veris.^inlae 
 literae, Cic. : v. truf,, real. 3. ril- 
 tus : a. xviUs, r. testamenta, Cic. 4. 
 autheuticus (freq. in late Latin, esp. 
 legal): ana. will, a. testamentum, Ulp. 
 5, fide dignus. 6. genuiiius : v. 
 
 GENUINE. 
 
 authentically : certo auctore : cum 
 anctoriiate (Georges). Phr.: the fact 
 was a. proved, res praeclaro testimonio 
 comprobata est (cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 48): he 
 says that he hcLS ascertained this a., (licit 
 se id certis auctoribus comperisse, Cic. • 
 this was a. reported, id a.vdivriKia<; nun- 
 tiabatur, Cic. Att. 10,9: "registers a. 
 made," (Hall, chron.), "tabulae optimis 
 auctoribus conscriptae. 
 
 authenticate: rgcognosco, novl, ni- 
 tum, } {to look carefully into Jor the 
 sake of verifying): to a. a decree, de- 
 cretum r., Cic; to a. an account-book, 
 codiceiii r., Cic. : v. to verify. 
 
 authenticated, well (adj.) : certus, 
 
 compertus; quod constat- v. authentic. 
 authentication : P h r. ; Ae read 
 the account-txxil; for the purpose of a., 
 codicem legit recognoscendi cauisa, Cic. 
 
 authenticity: 1. auct6rita.s: let 
 
 ihtni cease to think that that evidence 
 possesses any a., desinant putare auctor- 
 itatcm esse in eo testimonio, Cic: what 
 a. o)" creilit can the documents /.hjsscss f 
 quam liabere a. aut quam fidem literae 
 possunt f Cic I' h r. : to doubt the a. of 
 a stalemmt (wiili ref. to Metellus's ac- 
 counts), dubitare verumne an falsum sit, 
 Clc. 2. In tech. .sense: of the a. of 
 an ancient luMk *authentia (without 
 ancieikt authority, but used by modem 
 critical writers): to assail the a. of an 
 epistle, a. cpistolae impugnare, Helelo, 
 Patr. Apost. : its a is still in dispute, de 
 ccUus a. adliuc sub Jiidice lis est, ib. 
 (But the word should be used only in 
 purely critical writings.) 
 
 author : I. ^ maker, contriver, 
 originator: 1. auctor: they were un- 
 willing to be the a.s of a war, aiictores 
 
 belli esse nolebant, Caes. : the a. of a 
 plan, consilii a., Caes. : v. FotjXDEB. 
 2. coiiditor (i.e. one who puts to- 
 getlier): Ute a. of the whole affair, c. 
 totius negotii, Cic : the a. of Roman 
 law, c Koinani Juris, Llv. 3. inventor 
 (v. INVE.NTOK): the a. of all the arts, 
 omnium artium I., Caes. : Cic 4. rg- 
 pcrtor: the a. (f laws, lepum r., Quint. : 
 tfie a. of a new system of law, novi juris 
 r., Tac. 5. princeps, ipia (l>eyinner, 
 chief): the a. of a plan. c<insilii p., 
 Cic : V. framf:r, contri\ eb, i>ventor. 
 II. The writer of a ttook : 1, scrip- 
 tor : ajof accounts of their oum actions, 
 scriptures rerum suarum, Cic: aperspi- 
 cw/us a., 8. luculentus, Cic: tlie a. of 
 salyric dramas, salyrorum s., Hor. : a.s 
 of great genius arose there, provenere 
 ibi scriptorum magna ingenia. Sail. : that 
 very ancient a., Lysias, vetustis-simus 
 ille s., Lysias: Cic. 2. auctor (a word 
 which applying as it dois to other things 
 b(■^ides books, requires to be used with 
 caution, and only where the context 
 funiislies the necessary limitation: it is 
 used in Cic. only of an authority for a 
 particular opinion or statement) : I'oly- 
 bins an exceedingly good a. (i.e. au- 
 thority; q. v) writes, P. bonus a. in 
 primis scribit, Cic Off. j, }i, iij (cf. 
 Alt 12, 18, I : " quos nunc lectito auc- 
 tores," where it denotes o/imers or i«ar- 
 ranters of a particular course of action) : 
 writings ruinous to their a., scripta auc- 
 tori pemiciosa suo, Ov. : a.s of comedy, 
 auctores comoediae. Quint. : the a. of the 
 African war. Belli Atrici a.. Suet. 3. 
 conditor (1. e. composer) : the a. of a his- 
 tory, historiae c, Ov. : an a. of poems, c 
 carminum. Curt.: v. writer, compiJSEr. 
 
 authoress : 1. poetria (a rare word, 
 and denoting prop, a poetess) ; a. of a 
 host of fables, jilurimarum fabularum p., 
 Clc. Coel. 26, 6j. 2. *auctor (Georges) . 
 the subs, is c. g. (v. Liv. 40, 4, fin., etc.), 
 and therefore equally applicable to an 
 author OT authoress. 3. Kxpr. byphr. : 
 as, the a. of this work, *femiiia quae 
 hunc librum conscripsit. 
 
 authoritative: I. Possessing au- 
 thority : ijuod auctoritatem habet : there 
 are in Ujtvs ceitain viords someichat an- 
 tiquated, in order that they may 6e more 
 a., sunt certa leguni verba, quo plus 
 auctoritatis habeant, paulo antiquiora, 
 Cic. : justice even without prudence is 
 sufficiently a., justitia sine prudentia 
 satis habet auctoritatis, Cic. ||. ^4- 
 suming, overbearing : imperiosus: he is 
 too a. (in his ni.iiiiiers), nimis i. est, Cic. 
 
 authoritatively: Phr.; / k-now 
 
 no one who said nothings more a., nee 
 cognovi quemquam qui majore auctori- 
 tate nihil diceret, Cic. (v. AtTTHORiTY): 
 stop instantly! — hem! you speak a. 
 enough, whoever you are, sta illico I hem ! 
 satis pro imperio quisquis es, Ter.: v 
 
 IMPERIOUSLY. 
 
 authoritativeness : imperii or auc- 
 toritatis ostontatlo: v. authority. 
 
 authority: \. iMufui power : 1. 
 
 auctoritas: he has a. for making laivs 
 from the senate, habet a. legum dan- 
 darum a senatu, Cic : the a. of the Ho- 
 man people, a. populi Romani, Cic. 2. 
 p<)testas (the most general term for a 
 lawfully constituted a.) : to have civil 
 and military a. in the state, in rcpnl)- 
 lica cum p. imperio<^ue versari, Cic: 
 jncntorian a., praeloria a., Cic. : to give 
 any one a. (to do somoihlng), poteslatcin 
 alicui facere ut alicjuid facial, Cic. : v. 
 POWER. 3. dilio (usu of a. founded on 
 conquest : only in the sing and without 
 noiii.) : he has brought many cities un- 
 der the empire and a. of the Roman 
 peitple, urbes inultas sub Imperiuni po- 
 puli R. ditionemque subjun.\it, Clc. 
 4. impfirium (when used in con- 
 nection with or <-onirast to other words, 
 it usu. denotes military a.): without a. 
 military affairs cannot be managed, 
 sine imperio res militaris adminlstrari 
 non potest, Cic; he nas m a., in im- 
 perio luit. Suet.- domestic a., i. domes- 
 ticum. Cic. : Joi'e has a. over kings them- 
 selves, reges in ipsos imperium est Jovis, 
 
 Hor. : the a. of Uie Inws ia greater thari 
 that of persons, iiii|>eria legum poteu- 
 tiora sunt quam huniimim, Liv. 5, 
 Jiis, Juris, n. {rightful a.) : the a. of a 
 father, ius patrium, Liv.: a. over women. 
 Jus ad niuheres. PI.: v. power, biuht. 
 
 II, The injluence of character, Jcc: 
 auctoritas: Uteir a. witti the common 
 people is very great, eomm a. apud ple- 
 bem plurinmm valet. Caes : old age has 
 very great a., seiiectus maxiniam habet 
 a., Cic. : the a. of Peducaeus has great 
 V eight xcith me, Peducaei a. multuni 
 apud me valet, Clc : a mere i<ote-ljook 
 has not the same force and a. as a 
 ledger, eandem vim a.que non faabent 
 adversaria quam tabulae, Cic. : to v taken 
 a., a. immlnuere, Cic. Phr.: they had 
 very great a. in the stale, in ripublica 
 plurimum pollebant. Caes. : they knew 
 not ivhat a. virtue pot sessed, lynari erant 
 quid virtus valeret, Clc: v. ixfluenc^ 
 
 III, \\'arrai<t, petmission : auct<iri. 
 tas: lie had made a tiealy without fie 
 a. of the senate, sine senatus a. foedus 
 fecerat, Cic. : the discourse seems to ad- 
 duce a. for sinning, oratio vldetur a. 
 alTerre peccandi, Clc: be assured that J 
 write to you with his concurrence and a., 
 sic haboti), me de illius ad u- sententia 
 at<iue auctor i late scribere, Cic. Phr.: 
 you wdl get a. from Caesar to absent 
 yourself, impetrabisaCaesare ut tibi ab- 
 esse liceal, Cic: laugh at and despise all 
 tliose pers<ms on my a., omnes istos, nii- 
 auctore, deridete atque contemnite, Cic 
 
 IV, Those or that on whose credit or 
 testimony belief isfounded: 1, auctor: 
 I'olybius a good a , Polybius bonus a., 
 Cic. ; he ascei tained this on sure a., baec 
 certis auctoribus comperit, Caes. 2. 
 auctoritas; you despise a.s and contend 
 by reasoning, auctoritates contemnis, r« 
 tione pugnas, Cic. : a. prevailed without 
 reascming, sine ratione valebat a., Clc. 
 neglecting a.s, we may search out the 
 truth by fact and argument, omissis a. 
 ipsa re et ratione exquirere possumus 
 veritateni, Cic. V. Those whocxei else 
 the p(jiiers of government: esp. in pi 
 the authorities : 1, imperia, onim 
 (esp. of military a.") : the military and 
 civil a.s must go out of the city. im|><?rld, 
 potestates ex urbe exeunto, Oc. : Oies. 
 
 2. potestas: summoned by a magis- 
 trate or by some lawful a., a magisti^u 
 aut ab ali(iua p. legitima evocatus, Cic 
 
 3. magistriitus ; qui magisiraiui 
 praeest.qui magistratum habet: v. ma- 
 gistrate. 
 
 authorization : v. AtrrHORiTT (HI .) ; 
 
 TO AlTHoKIZK. 
 
 authorize : lo give authority to or 
 for: 1. potestatem y. auctoriialem 
 facio s. do (with dat. of jierson): 
 they a.d the painter to choose which he 
 pleased, pictori quas vellet eligendi p. 
 dederuiit, Cic. . ue a. Uie corporate toivns 
 to shut out Antony, municipiis ad exclu- 
 deiidum Antonium aucloritaiem damus, 
 Cic. P h r. : it is the province of the 
 augurs to a. or to forbid the transaction 
 of business with the peojne, aMguriim est 
 cum popnlo agendi Jus aut dare aut non 
 dare, Cic. 2. Simly. in pass., to be au- 
 thorized may be expr. by potestatem, or 
 jus haljeie : he is ad and empowered to 
 oimmand in Syria, imperaiidi in Syria 
 jus poteslalemque habet, Cic. : v. to 
 f;mpower. Phr : this shall he ex- 
 plained afternards, if you a. me, id 
 postea, si per vos licilum erit, aperietur, 
 Cic: to a. lo commit sin, peccandi auc- 
 torilatem afferre, Cic : this the Corne- 
 lian laws do not a., hoc Conieliae legi-k 
 non sanciimt, Cic: (v. sanction): 
 nothing pleased Clodius uhich ii<u 
 either a.d by nature or allon ed by the 
 laws, Clo<liiim nihil delectabat quod aut 
 per naturam las esset aut per leges 
 llceret, Cic: the a.d i-ersion of the 
 Scriptures, •Scriplurarum sacrarum 
 translaiio de publica auctoritate facta 
 I a.d that report, *ego iUius rumorie 
 auctor I'ui: . acthor. 
 
 authorship : P h r. : to proie the a. 
 of the tniok, • probare ab aliquo esse li 
 brum scriptum: the a. of this work u 
 
 59
 
 AUTOBIOGRAPHER 
 
 AVERAGE 
 
 AVOID 
 
 disputed, •fle hujus libri auctore adhuc 
 sub judice lis est : v. authenticity. 
 
 autobiosrapher : suarum rerum 
 gestarum scriptor, Cic. 
 
 autobiograpll7 : * liber, quern ali- 
 quis Ue vita sua scripsit. Phr. : to 
 wrtte an a., *sua8 res gestas scribere ; 
 librum de sua vita scribere. 
 
 autocracy : v. despotism. 
 
 autocrat: dJiminus: V. DESPOT. 
 
 autocratic : *'• despotic. 
 
 auto-da-fe ; lit. * actus fidei (eccl.) : 
 I.e. baereticoruiii combustio. 
 
 autogra ^h (adj-) ■ 1. ™a"u (^^8' 
 
 tua, etc.) scriptus: / think you have 
 never before read a letCer from me that 
 uas rtol a., niinquani ante arbitror te 
 epistolam nieam legisse, nisi mea manu 
 scriptam, Cic. : an a. Utter of Timar- 
 chides, epistola I'iniarchidis manu 
 scripta, Cic 2. antogiaphus : an a. 
 tetter, epistola aiitograplia, Suet. 
 
 autograph (subs.): 1. manus, 
 us,f. : he recognized his a., cognovit m. 
 suam, Cic. 2. clilrOgraphuni (v. 
 
 HAND-wRiTtNG) ; / ''111 (jive all thea.s to 
 you, omnia c. tib! dabo, Cic. 3. auto- 
 graphum ■ .Symm. 
 
 automatic : automatartus: Paul. 
 Dig. (used as descriptive of the class ot 
 instruments called automata) : v. is- 
 
 VOLUNTABT. 
 
 automaton : automaton, i, »;. ; Vitr. 
 
 autopsy : autopsia : M. L. : or, *cada- 
 veris inspectio a medico facta. 
 
 autumn ; auctumnus : unhealthy a., 
 gravis a., Cues.: fruit bearing a., pomifer 
 a., Hor. : about the middle of a., a. 
 adulto, Tac. 
 
 autumnal: 1. auctnmnalis, e: 
 the a. eqi'innx, arqninoctimna., \Av.: a. 
 light, a. lumeu, Cic. 2. auctumnus 
 
 (poet.): o. cold, a frigus, Ov. Phr.: 
 to be a. (as of the season or irind) : 
 auctumno, I : Plln.: incest, auctumne- 
 scit, } (to become a.) : Capell. 
 
 auxiliary ("'/?.) .- 1. auxiUaris, e • 
 a. waves, a. undae, Ov. : a. cohorts, a. 
 cohortes, Caes. 2. auxiliarius : an a. 
 coA(wt, a. cohors, Cic: Sail. Plir. : an 
 a. force, auxilium : Tac. : Ov. : esp. in 
 pi., which Is used almost exclusively in 
 this sense . Cic. ; Caes 
 
 auxiliary (si<te.):adjiitor:v. HELPER. 
 
 auxiliaries (milit.) -. l. au.xi- 
 Itares milites, or simply, anxilTares 
 (rare) : Caes. 2. auxilia.ornni ; Caes. : 
 Cic 3. sucii: v. allies. Phr.: 
 the pay of a., stipendia auxiliaria, Tac. 
 
 avail («•): I. ^0 "'fl'ie M«« of: 
 fitor, usus, i (with abl.) : they stated that 
 they uould a. themselves of that offer, ea 
 conditione se usuros ostendebant, Caes.: 
 Ja. myself of your ji(dgment, tuo judicio 
 utor, Cic: v. to use. ||. To assist, 
 profit, hare force : 1, prosum, fui 
 (with dat.) :my letter tnlia. you nothing, 
 nihil tibi liierae meae proderunt, Cic. : 
 what does it a. me to feign? quid 
 mihi fingere prodest? Ov. 2, valeo, 
 2 (either absol. or with prep.) ; fortune 
 a."d greatly for avoiding the danger, ad 
 periculum vitandum multum fortuna 
 valuit, Caes. : whatever is the definition 
 of man, one a.sfor all, quaecunque est 
 hominis definitio, una in omnes v., Cic. : 
 poisons a. less, minus venena v., Hor. 
 (v. effectual): rue a.s as an antidote, 
 ruta pro antidote v., Plin. : v. to 
 
 PBOFIT, SVRVE, be useful. 
 
 avail («»''«•)•• perhaps only in phr. 
 "to be of (no) avail," Lat. usui esse, 
 valere, etc.: one thing uas of great a., 
 una erat magno usui res, Caes. : does 
 not this seem to be of a. against you ? 
 hoc nonne videtur contra te valere f 
 Cic. : to be of less a., minus valere, Hor. : 
 to be of no a. trhatever, *ne minimum 
 quidem prodesse, valere : nullam vim 
 habere; v. TO avail (11.) 
 
 available : Phr.: they had fresh 
 troops a. fur rendering assistance, in 
 expedite h.ibebant integras copias ad 
 opem ferendam, Liv. : he sent all the a. 
 troops to the assistance of the legion, 
 •omnes copias quae ad manum (or in 
 promptu) erant, au.xilio legioni misit: / 
 don't think that argument is a. for your 
 6o 
 
 purpose, *nor puto te posse eoargumento 
 uti ; lion puto ea a te facere, esse. 
 
 availableness : Phr.: the value of 
 
 a thing is in proportion to its a., *quo 
 promptior ad usum quaeque res, eo 
 pluris est. 
 
 availably : Phr.: nothing vas a. 
 at hand, *nihil erat promptum ad usum. 
 
 avalanche : nivis casus, Liv. 21, J 5. 
 
 avarice: 1. avaritia: Ter. :Cic.: 
 Hor. 2. aviditas (rare) : Cic : v. 
 COVETOUSNESS. (Other expr. are, auri 
 [sacra] fames, Virg. ; amor nummi, or 
 amor habendi, Hor.) 
 
 avaricious: 1. avams: Cic: 
 
 Hor. : Tac. 2. avldus (where the con- 
 text limits the word): Cic: Hor.: v. 
 
 COVETOUS. 
 
 avariciously : avarg : Cic. : Sen. : 
 
 V. COVETOUSLY. 
 
 avaunt: 1. apagg! Pi. 2. 
 
 abi : PI : Ter. : v. begoxe. 
 
 avenge: i e. to take or obtain satis- 
 faction : I. For the injured person or 
 thing : 1. ulciscor, ultus, j (the most 
 usu. word : in some forms it is used in a 
 ^ssiie sense): vjith which anns you 
 may a. yourself, quibus annis possis te 
 u., Cic. : to a. one's slaughtend hi others. 
 aiesos fratres u., Ov. : to a. one's falling 
 country, cadentem patriam u., Virg. 
 they punished their mother in order to a. 
 their father, patris ulciscendi causa 
 supplicium de matre sumpserunt, Cic. 
 
 2. exsequor, secutus, } (prop, with 
 ref. to the offence : v. infr. 11.) : has my 
 father been killed? I will a. him, pater 
 caesus est ? exsequar. Sen. 3. P'Sr- 
 ento, I (prop, to offer sacrifices to the 
 dead, : hence only of avenging death ; 
 the person whose death is avenged, in 
 dat.) : to a. Roman citizens, civibus 
 Roraanis p., Caes. : the king must be a.d 
 by the blood of tlie cmspiratms, paren- 
 tandiim regi sanguine conjuratorum, 
 Liv. : Ov. 4. ^nndico, i (rare) : to a. 
 any one thomughli/, aliquem valde v., 
 Cic. : Tac. : with reji pron. anAprep. ab : 
 I aught to a. myself on him, me ab illo 
 vindicare debeo. Sen. : v. also to take 
 bevenge on. II, For the offence com,- 
 mitted : 1, ulciscor, j : Caesar a.d 
 his jrriwte wnmgs, Caesar piivatas in- 
 jurias ultus est, Caes. : to a. the uncle's 
 death, i)atmi mortem u., Cic: also as 
 pass. : let n hate ver cannot bead without 
 shediiing the blood of citizens be allowed 
 to have been legally done, quidquid sine 
 sanguine civium ulcisci nequitur. Jure 
 factum sit, Sail. • Hor. 2. exsequor, 
 } : to a. the violated rights of gods and 
 men, deorum hominumque violatajura 
 e., Liv. 3. persequor, j : to a. any 
 one's death, mortem alicujus p., Cic: 
 Caes. 4. \indIco, i : to a. an evil 
 deed, maleficium v., Cic. : to a. the death 
 of Ciassus, necem Crassi v., Ov. 5. 
 piinio, 4 : anger is an eager desire to a. 
 pain, iracundia est cupiditas puniendi 
 iloloris, Cic. : v. to punish.— Note. 
 Ulciscor conveys precisely the same 
 notion as the Knglish revenge, vengeance : 
 exsequor and persequor signify to follow 
 a thing up, not to let it rest : vindico 
 denotes rather the assertion of right (v 
 TO CLAIM) than the gratification of a 
 feeling of revenge : punio is usu. = to 
 punish ; q. v. 
 
 avenger; 1. uVtor: the a. of our 
 
 wrongs, nostrarum injuriarum u., Cic. : 
 Virg. 2. vinde.x, icis ; the a.s of 
 
 crimes (the Furies), vindices scelerum, 
 Cic: the a. of a parent, v. parentis, Ov. 
 
 3, piiniior : Cic. : v. punishes. 
 avenging (adj.) : 1. uUrix, Uis 
 
 a. godilesses, ultrices deae. Sen. : a. 
 cares, ult. curae, Virg. : a. n-eapons, u. 
 tela, Stat. 2. vindex, icis (poet.) : a. 
 punishment, v. poena. Cat. : a. flame, v. 
 flamma: Ov. 
 
 avenue: I. a passage, approach ; 
 q. V. II. An alleii or walk in a gar- 
 den : (?)xystus: Cic: Plin. ep. : *am- 
 bulatio quae Inter arbores utrimque dis- 
 positas Jacet. 
 
 aver : afflrmo . v. to affirm. 
 
 average (subs.) : *quod medium 
 est inter maximum et minimum (of. 
 
 Thucyd. i, lo, to y-iaov jrpbt ras iteyi^ 
 o-Tas /cat tAoxi'iTTas) : Phr.: to strike 
 an a., peraeque ducere, Varr. R. R. j, 
 i6, med. : he used to carry to the accmml 
 of expenses m his day-book not more 
 titan jooo asses per month on an a., non 
 amplius qiiam tema millia aeris, perae- 
 que in siugulos menses ex epbemerlde 
 expensum sumptui ferre solitus est, 
 Nep. Att. I J. 
 
 average (.adj.): *medius inter maxi- 
 mum minimumque. 
 
 average ("•) •■ Phr.: their returns 
 from honey used to average not Uss than 
 ic.ooo sestertia, nunquam minus, ut 
 peraeque ducerent, dena millia sestertia 
 ex melle recipere sunt sc^liti. \'arr. 
 
 averment : aflirmatto : Cic : Caes. : 
 V. xffibmation. 
 
 averse: I. Disinclined to, dis- 
 liking : 1, alienus (with dat., or abl. 
 with ab) : he is moi-e a. to me, a me est 
 alienior, Cic. : a. to ambition, a. ambi- 
 tionl. Sen. 2. aversus (with ab. or 
 dat.) : a. to truth, a. a vero, Cic. : a. to 
 traffic, a. mercaturis, Hor. 3. piger, 
 gra, grum (sloiv : with ad) : a nation 
 very a. to military labours, gens piger- 
 rima ad militaria opera, Liv. : Hor. 
 4. fugiens, entis (witbgiet?.) : a. to 
 lal/our, f. laboris, Caes. ||. I'nfa- 
 
 vourable; q. v.: v. averse, to bk. 
 
 , to be : iibhorreo, 2 (with 
 
 ab) : to be a. to marriage, ab nuptiis (are 
 uxoria) a., Ter.: to be a. to writing, a 
 scribendo a., Cic. 
 
 aversion: I, Disinelination,dis- 
 like : 1. 5dium : / have conceived a 
 great a. to the thing, magnum me rei o. 
 cepit, Cic. : v. hatbed. Fig.: radishes 
 have a great a. to the vine, o. raphanis 
 cum vite maximum, Plin. 2. fuga 
 (withsren.); a.to death, leti f., Hor.: a. 
 to poverty, paupertatis f., Hor. : Cic 
 3. alTenatio (i. e. estrangement) : a. 
 to Vitellius, in Vitellium a., Tac. 4. 
 declinatio (a shrinking from) : an a. to 
 labour, laboris d., Cic. ||, A cause of 
 dislike : odium (in dat.): to be an a. to 
 any one, odio esse alicui, PI. : Cie. 
 
 avert: I. To turn aside or away; 
 q. V. : averto, amoveo. ||. To keep 
 off, prevent : 1, depello, piili, pulsum, 
 i : to a. imminent danger, instans peri- 
 culum d., Nep.: to a. fire and suord 
 from altars and hearths, ab aris et focis 
 ferrum flammamque d., Cic. 2, amo- 
 lior, 4 (implying effort) : to a. an accu- 
 sation from anyone, crimen ab aliquo 
 a., Tac. : to a. d isgrace, dedecus a., Tac. 
 
 3. averrunco, i (an old religious 
 term) : to a. prodigies, prodigia a., Liv. 
 
 4, procfiro, 1 (by sacrifice): to a. 
 prodigies, monstra p., Cic. : Phaedr. 5. 
 prQhibeo, 2 (said of the gods) : lofticJi 
 may the gods a., quod di prohibeant, 
 Ter.: gods a. the threats', dii prohl- 
 bete minas, Virg. : v. to wakd off ; 
 FOBBiD. 6. defendo, propulso : v. to 
 wabd off. 
 
 aviary : aviarium : Varr. 
 
 avidity : aviditas : a. for drink and 
 food, potionis et cibi a., Cic: a. for 
 glory, gloriae a., Cic. : v. eagerness, 
 GREEDINESS. With a., avide : v. eageblt. 
 
 avocation : offlcium : negotia (pi.) : 
 V. occupation, vocation. 
 
 avoid: 1. fiigi'i, fugi, ? : to a. the 
 sight of the multitude, conapectura mul- 
 titudinis f.. Caes. : J a «o one, neminem 
 f., Liv. : Hor. : tod. no taxation, nullam 
 molestiam f , Cic. : too intimate friend- 
 ships should be a.'d, I'ugiendae sunt 
 nimiae amlcitiae, CSc. : rarely with inf. : 
 V. TO FOEBEAB. Hence.freq. fiigito, i : 
 to make repeated efforts to avoid : to be 
 in the liabit ofa.ing one's master, herum 
 fugitare, Ter. : Plin. : they studioitsly a. 
 an investigation, quaestionem fugitant, 
 Cic. 2. defugio, fugi, j (stronger 
 than the simple verb): to o. speaking 
 with any one, alicujus sermonem d, 
 Caes. : to a. giving battle, proelium d., 
 Caes. (v. also Phr.) 3, vito I (de- 
 noting simple avoidance ; whereas fuglo 
 and its derivatives imply active and 
 energetic flight from) : to a. all suspi- 
 cions, omnes suspiciones v., Caes. : to. a>
 
 AVOIDABLE 
 
 A WAT 
 
 AWNING 
 
 •pfc«, vltla v., Cla: you a. me, Chloe, 
 like a young doe, vitas hlnnulco me 
 similis, Chloe, Hur. : with ivf. (poet.) : 
 let him a. towJting v^Titings, tangere 
 vitet scripla, Hor 4. devito, I 
 
 (stronger than simple verb) : to a. pain, 
 dolorem d., Cic. : Hor. 5. S^lto, I 
 (= devito) : to a. causes of suspicions, 
 causas susplcionum e., Clc. : to a. pain, 
 dolorem e., Cic. : Hor. 6. declino, i 
 (1. e. to lean aside so as to escape : both 
 as trans, and with prep.): I thought 
 those things should be a.'d if I could 
 honourably a. them, ea dedinanda pu- 
 tavl, si honeste vHtare posscm, Cic. : in 
 order to a. envy, ad decliiiandam Invi- 
 diam, Suet. : ue must carefully a. them 
 (I. e. small faults), ab lis est diligentlus 
 decUnandum, Cic. Join: fugere, vi- 
 tare, declinarealiquid.Cic. 7. aversor, 
 I (to tui-n atiay from with dislike) : to 
 a. suppliants, petentes a., Ov. : to a. 
 oonversation, sennonem a., Tac. 8. 
 eludo, IQsi, liisum, } (v. to elttde) : 
 to a. a battle, pugnam e., Liv. (v. to 
 decwne). Pb r. : / VMS determined to a. 
 ambitio7), fag&x ambitioniserani, Ov. : to 
 a. giving battle, pugnam, proelium, de- 
 irectare, Liv. : Just. : Tac. ; also proe- 
 lium defugere, Caes. When to avoid is 
 in Kng. followed by another verb. It may 
 be e.xpr. by nolo : as, tie a.'d srriiliiui me 
 to the scliool of Flavius, noluil in Flavi 
 ludum me mittere, Hor. also some- 
 limes by fugio (v. TO FOBBEAB) : V. TO 
 ESCAPE, SHUN. 
 
 avoidable: 1. evTtabllis, e-. a. 
 miisiks, e. tela, Ov. : a. evils, e. mala, 
 Sen. 2. quod effugi, etc., potest : v. 
 
 TO AVOID. 
 
 avoidance : 1. fuga : ""' «- of 
 
 labours and jjains, latxirum el iKilorum 
 f., Cic. : the a. of danger, periculi f., 
 Virg. 2. declinatio : the a. of danger, 
 d. periculi, Cic. 3. vitatio : the a. of 
 pain, doloris v , Cic. 4, evltatio: the 
 a. of evils, malorum e., Quint.: Sen. — 
 XoTE. For the distinction between the 
 above, compare the con-esponding verbs 
 under to avoid. 
 avouch: aflBrmo: v. to assert, 
 
 ALLEGE. 
 
 avow: fateor: V. TO CONFESS, ac- 
 knowledge, DECLARE. 
 
 avowal : contessio : an a. of igno- 
 rance, c. ignoraiionis, Cic. : an a. of a 
 fault, culpae c, Liv.: v. cosfession, 
 acknowleik; m ext. 
 
 avowed (at'jO ■■ 1. professus: an 
 a. fault, culpa p., Ov. : the a. leader (of 
 Greece), dux p., Just. 2. apertus 
 
 (lit open : q. v.) : m« have driven him 
 from concealed snares into a. robbery, 
 ilium ex occultis insidiis in a. latroci- 
 nium conjeeimus, Cic. 
 
 avowedly: 1. aperte : /mi'mj! are 
 a. and openly taken that words may cor- 
 rcfpond to n oids, a. ae palam elaboratur 
 ut verba verbis respondeant, Cic. 2. 
 ex prolesso: a man a. effeminate, vir 
 ex p. mollis, JIacr.: a. to seek aftur 
 anything, aliquid ex p. petere. Sen. : 
 also de prolesso : Apul. 3. t'x con- 
 fesso: things i h'ch are a. disgraceful, 
 quae ex c. sunt turpia. Quint. 
 
 await: I. I'o ^'uit for: 1, 
 exspecto, I : v. to wait for. 2. 
 
 mineo, mansi, mansum, 2 (implying 
 firmness): he a.'d the arrii\il of the 
 enei/iv, hoslium adventum niaiislt, Liv. 
 3. opptrior, oppertusandoppt!ritus, 
 4 (to hold oneself in readiness for : with 
 ace.); a.ing his magnanimous foe, mag- 
 DanJmum opperiens hostem, Virg. : v. 
 to w ait for. II. To be in store for : 
 1, exspecto, I (poet.): a calm old 
 age a.s me, me tranquilla senectus e.\- 
 spectat, Hor. 2. m&nJo, 2 (with ace.) : 
 death a.s every one, mors quemque ra., 
 Jrop. : his (Chdius's) fate a.s thee, cujus 
 te fatum m., Cic. : n hat a.s the con- 
 quered f quae manent victos.' Liv. 
 3. resto, stiti, j (with ikit.) : vliat 
 nov) at length a.s me-f quid jam mihi 
 denique resiat? Virg. 
 
 awake ('): A. Trans.: |. 
 To rouse Jrom sleep: J. exclto, i 
 ^OBU. with e somno): to a, the drowsy 
 
 tpeetators, dormientes spectatores e 
 somno e., PI. : pray do not a. me, quaeso 
 tie me e somno excitetis, Cic. Fig.: 
 you would have awaked his father from 
 the dead, patrem ejus a mortuis exclt- 
 asses, Cic 2. suscIU), i (usu. with 
 
 some defining expression): my u-ife a.s 
 me, uxor me somno s., PI. : Cic. : Ae 
 a.s you from gentle repose, te quiete e 
 molli suscitat. Cat. 3. exsuscTto, i 
 (stronger than the simple verb: v. to 
 AROUSE) : the crowing of cocks a.s you, 
 te gallorum cantus e., Clc. 4. exper- 
 gfifado, feci, factmn, j (with e somno) : 
 he was ai' akedjrom sleep, expergifactus 
 est e somno, Suet. ||. 'P) rouse from 
 inattention or inaction : v. to akodse, 
 BOUSE. B. 1 n t r a n s. : expergiscor, 
 perrectus, j : if you are asleep, awake ' 
 si domiis, expergiscere ! Cic : lao-oke at 
 dai/breik, siinul cum sole experrectus 
 sum, Cic: Hor. Fig.: the nobility 
 having awoke, restored the constitutiim, 
 experrecta nobilitas rempublicam recu- 
 peravit, Cic. Ph r. : hedvparted, I awoke, 
 ille discessit, ego somno sulutus sum, 
 Cic. : / a., e.\cutior somno, Virg. (also to 
 a. may generally be expr. by the;xi«s. of 
 verbs ^0 a. [trans.]: q. v.) : v. to wake. 
 awake (adj.): \, vigllans, amis: 
 a pilot asleep or a., gubemalor domiiens 
 vel v., Cic. 2. ^'Igil : being a. before 
 sunrise, J askfor^ien and paper, prius 
 orto sole vigil calamim[i et cbartasposco, 
 Hor. 
 
 awake, to be. or to keep : . 1. 
 
 vigllo, I : //';'( kcfp a. till day light, 
 u^qiie ad lucera vijrilas. Ter. : / had Item 
 a. till late at nujht, ad niultam noctein 
 vigilarani, Cic. 2. pervigllo, i : to 
 remain a. all night, noctem p., Cic. : v. 
 
 SLEEI'LESS. 
 
 awaken : v. to awake. 
 awakener: 1. susdtator: Tert. 
 2. *qui e somno excitat, etc. : v. to 
 
 AITAKE. 
 
 award {v.): |. I^^ally: 1. 
 addico, dixi, dictum, j: tlie praetor will 
 a. the whole gang of slaves to ymi, 
 addicet praetor familiam totam tibi, PI. : 
 Cic. 2. adjudico, i: the house had 
 been a.'d to us, domus nobis adjudicata 
 erat, Cic: v. TO adjudge, decree. 
 II, Less formally : to assign, or 
 bestow : 1. tril.iio, ili, utum, } (esp. 
 to a. as due) : you shall a the scoid 
 .''hare to me, secundam (partem) tribU' lis 
 mihi, Phaedr. : to a. prizes for crimes, 
 sceleribus praeraia t.. Sail. ; Ov. 2. 
 assigno, I : v. to assign. 
 
 award (subs.) : l. addictto (a. of 
 the praetin^ : Cic. 2. aibitrium (of 
 a.n arbiti atirr) : a judgment is one thing, 
 an a. another, aliud est Judicium, aliud 
 aibitrium, Cic. : v. judgment, sentence. 
 
 aware : gnarus : veil a, that /{an- 
 nilxil hatl in some instances paid for 
 ;iermission to pass, satis g. Hannibalein 
 transltus quosdam pretio mercatum, 
 Liv. : Plin. : also as pass. : Caesar be- 
 came a. of that, giiarum idCaesari, Tac. : 
 V. ACQUAINTED WITH. I'lir. : not a. of 
 the impending mi.'fortnnes, imprudens 
 impendentium malorum, CSc: v. know- 
 ing, informed. 
 
 , to be : -sentio, sensi, sensum, 
 
 4: / have never, so far at least as I am 
 a., offended him in even the smallest 
 matter, nunquam ilium ne minima qui- 
 dem re offeiidi, quod quidem senscrim, 
 Cic. : they are a. that J know what thei/ 
 are meditating, quid cogitent nie scire 
 sentiunt, Cic: the enemy became a. of 
 their departure, hostes de eorum profec- 
 tione senserunt, Caes. P h r. : you are 
 a. how dillicult that is, illud quam sit 
 difficile non te fugil, Cic: the mwlman 
 is not a. of this, hominem amentem hoc 
 fugit, Cic. : 1 am a. that I have been in- 
 sensibly led too far. non me praeterlt 
 me lungius prolapsum esse, Cic: / am 
 a. that there is utility in history, non 
 sum inscius esse utililatem in historia, 
 Cic: not to be a., nescire: v. to be 
 IGNORANT : to become a., cognosce, certior 
 
 fieri: v. TO LEARN, ASCERTAIN, BE IN- 
 FORMED. 
 
 away when this word quaU&es 
 
 verbs, it is generally expr. in Latin by 
 the prefl.x ii or 5b : e. g. to carry a., 
 auferre ; to snati:h a., abripere \ to be a., 
 abesse. it is sometimes used in com- 
 mands elliptically for "go away," "take 
 away:" and must then be translated by 
 the imperative of the proper Latin verb : 
 e.g. : a. with you. .-coun'/rJ .' abi hinc 
 scelos ! Ter. : a. with tears, aufer abhinc 
 lacrimas, Lucr. : a. tvith the barbartnu 
 fashiim, morem tollite barbarum, Hor 
 For such sentences as " / cannot away 
 with this trilling," where the meaning 
 is ■• / cannot endure, " v. endure. 
 
 awe (subs.): 1. formldo, Inls, / 
 (applied to all strong/ear or dreaii, q. v. : 
 hence needing something in the context, 
 or some adjunct to make It express the 
 Eng.) : o forest consecrated by tlie 
 auguries of tlieir fathers and olden a., 
 silva auguriis patrum ct prisca f. j>-cra, 
 Tac: worshiftped with a., tbrmidine 
 cultus, Sil. Fig.: caskets full of silent 
 a., plenae tacita f. cistae, Val .Fl.: to in- 
 spire imth a., t. alicui injicere, Cic 2. 
 rfivtSrentia: a. of tlie (Roman) empire 
 (as entenained by the barbarians), r. 
 Imperii, Tac: v. reverence, respect. 
 3. metus, tTmor : v. fear. P h r. : 
 to stand in a. rf: (i). vgffor, 2 (v. to 
 FEAR, reverence) : to Stand in a. of the 
 gods, deos v., Cic. : his slaves feared him, 
 liis children stood in a. of him, metue- 
 bant eum ser\i, verebantur liberl, Clc 
 (ii). revfirfior, z (v. to reverence): / 
 stand in a. of my son, filium r., PL : 
 Ijv. (iii). vfngror, i (v to ■woitsHn") ; 
 to stand in a. of the gods, deos v., Cic : 
 to stand in a. of the temples of a god, 
 terapla del v., Virg. 
 
 awe (i') : P h r. : the unusual silence 
 a.d those who appoached nearer, pro- 
 pius adeuntibus insolitum silentium ad- 
 mirationem fecit, Liv. ; he aM. the unfor 
 tunate people, lonnidinem miseris injic- 
 iebat, Cic: COKsar led his army act oss 
 the Rhine to a. (overaue) the Germans, 
 Caesar exercitum Rheuum transdu.\eral 
 ut (jermanis metum injiceret, Caes. 
 
 awestruck («(;■) •■ 1. pavidu? 
 
 V. Liv. 21, 22: V. afraid. 2. pive- 
 factus : a. bosoms (of those in attend- 
 ance at Delphi), p. pectora, Ov. : Sen. 
 poet. 3. pavens : Ov. : Sail. 
 
 awful: I. Full of aire: v. awe- 
 struck. II. Awe-inspiring: \. 
 vgr^ndus : a', majesty, v. majestas, Ov. : 
 the a. senate, vcrendi patres, Ov. 2. 
 formi<luir)sus : regions noisome, foul, a. 
 (in Tartarus), loca tetra, foeda, t.. Sail. : 
 
 V. FORMrDAKLE, DREADFUL. P h r. : O 
 
 rilooiny, a. grove, caligans nigra formi- 
 dine lucus, Virg. : v. awe. 
 
 awfully : v- reverfj.tlv, ff.ar- 
 
 FULLY 
 
 awfulness: foi-mldo; m^estas: v. 
 
 AWE, VENKKABLF.NESS. SOLEMNITJ". 
 
 awMle : 1. paulisper (J'or a little 
 while): I'er.; Cic. 2. p5rumper 
 
 (just for a moment): Cic: Virg.: t. 
 
 WHILE. 
 
 awkward: |. A'o<(fer/eroui: laev- 
 us; imperilus: v. unskilful. ||. In- 
 elegant, clumsy : 1, ru-tlcus: a, hands 
 (In gesticulation), r. manus, Quint.: 
 Cic 2. riidis, e : Ennius very great 
 in genius, but a. in ait, Ennius ingenio 
 maximus, arte r., Ov. : an a style, r. 
 stilus. Quint: to be a. in anything, nid- 
 em esse in re aliqua, Clc. 3. agrestis ; 
 Cic Join: rusticus et agrestis. v. 
 
 INELEGANT, CLUMSY. 
 
 awkwardly: 1. rustics: to do 
 anything a., aliquid r.agere, (^c: a.cut 
 (of the beard), rusticius tonsus, Hor. 
 2. agreste (app. found in comiKir. 
 only) :' to deliver a speech somewliat 
 a., orationem agrestius pronuntiarc, 
 Spart, 3. insclte (unskilj ully) : ships 
 a. made, naves i. factae, Liv. 4. 
 
 dure, durfti-r: v. harshly, stif^lt. 
 
 awkwardness : 1. rustii itas : 
 
 that uas a., not modesty, r. non pudor 
 ille fult, Ov. 2. imperii^ inscitia : 
 
 V. UNSKILFULNFJ5S, INELEGANCE. 
 
 awl : sfibula : Mart. : PaU. 
 awn : arista : Varr. : Sen. 
 awning: 1. velum (in pi.): to 
 61
 
 AWRY 
 
 BACKBITING 
 
 BA D 
 
 ^lade the forum with an a., velis forum 
 inumbrare, Plln. : to put an a. over a 
 theatre, vela in theairo ducere, I'lin. : 
 tky blue, star-decorated a.s, vela colore 
 coeli, stellaia, ilin.; Ov.: Prop. 2. 
 
 velarium: Juv. 3, carbasus, i,J.: 
 Lucr. 4. iiiductio: Vitr. Hhr.: to 
 putana.oier the n hole Jorum, totum 
 loruin iiitegere, Pliii. 19, i, 6; q- v. 
 
 awry • perverse : a chair placed a., 
 niUa p. collocata, Suet. P h r. : itte puts 
 an her false hair a., perversa* ^dtiit 
 comas, Ov. : v. obliquely. 
 
 axe : 1. se'^^fis, is, /• (the most 
 
 general name) : to strike with an a., i. e. 
 
 to behmd, securi ferire, Liv. : Hor. : of a 
 
 baltha.: Virg. : Hor. 2. securicula 
 
 (asvialla): PL: Plin. 3. bipeiims, 
 
 Is,/, (a double a.): Virg.: Hor.: lac. 
 
 4. dolabra (a pick-a.) : Liv. : Col. 
 
 5 ascia: v a1)7.e. 
 
 axe-bearing: secunfer, or secun- 
 
 ger: Ov. 
 
 axilla (botan. t. t.): ala: Plin. 
 axillary (.botau. t. t.y. axillaris, e: 
 M. L. 
 
 axiom : l- e. a self-evident praiJosUion : 
 I maxima propositio, or simply 
 ma.xima: Boelli.: v. Sir. W, Hamilton's 
 Reid, p. 766. (Hencetbe Eng. iiiaxim ; 
 q v.) 2 pvonuntiatum : so used in 
 M.L. (V. Sir W. H. I. <:.), but in Cic. like 
 effatum, used to represent dfiw/na in its 
 sense of proposition generally (" id est 
 oronuntiatum quod est verum aut lal- 
 ium," Tusc. I, ■], 14)- (Sir W. H. gives 
 the following equivalents among others : 
 fflatum Me dignum: rata, firma sen- 
 tentia. ib. p. 764. For the sake of per- 
 spicuity it may be necessary to use 
 oxioma which, however, as a Latin word, 
 hius only modem authority.) 
 
 axis, axle : axis, is, m. .- the a. of 
 the sky, a. coeli, Cic. : the earth is sup- 
 ported on its a., terra axe sustinetur, 
 Cic. Tim. 10 : the axes of volutes, axes 
 volutarum, Vitr The a. of a sun-dial, 
 axon, onis, m. : Vitr. 
 
 axle-tree ; axis, is, m. : a beechen a., 
 faginus a., Virg. : a small a., a.xicnlus, 
 Vitr. 
 
 aye: ^- ^'es, always. 
 azote : azotum : M. L. 
 azure : coeraieus : Cic. : Virg. 
 
 B. 
 
 BABBLE (>'•) •• I. To talk foolishly : 
 1, balbutio, 4 (prop, to stammer 
 and stutter) : Epicurus b.ing about the 
 nature of the gods, Kpicurus balbutiens 
 de natura deorum, Cic. 2. blatfiro, 
 I (noisily) : you b. nith great noise, 
 magno blateras clamore, Hor.- with 
 ace. : to b. foolishlii, stulta b., Gell. 
 3 dSblatero, i (stronger than the 
 simple verb): PI. ||. To talk much: 
 garrio, 4 : Cic. : Hor. : v. to chatter. 
 
 babble (subs.) ■. v. babblino. 
 
 babbler: 1. garrulus (prop, an 
 adj.) : avoid a questioner, Jor he is a b. 
 too, perconiatorem fugito, nam g. idem 
 est, Hor. 2. blatero, onis: (jell. 
 
 3. seminiverbius : Vulg. (Gr. trTrep- 
 laoXoy'os, Acts xvii. 18). 
 
 babbling (adj.): 1. garriilus: 
 
 Fig.: a b. brook, g. rivus, Ov. . the b. 
 lyre, g. lyra, Tib. : v. chatterixg, 
 talkative. 2. Wquax: Fig.: b. 
 waters, 1. lymphae, Hor. 
 
 babbling (subs.) : usu. expr. by verb : 
 as, c€a.<:e your b., *desine blitenire: 
 there vas an immense b. on tdl sides, 
 *undique stulta atque immodica blatera- 
 bantur : v. to babble. 
 
 baboon : *cyn6cephalus : Cuv. 
 
 baby, babe: infans (more compre- 
 hensive than the Eng.): parvulus: v. 
 infant, child. 
 
 babybood: infantia (chiUVtood; q. 
 v.): Tac. : Quint. 
 
 babyisb : infantilis, e (childish ; q. 
 V.) : J ust. : Ulp. 
 
 bacchanal: l(subs.): baccbans, 
 
 bacchanalian : < amis: Ov. : a 
 female b., baccha : Ov. 
 62 
 
 bacchanalian (od/).- bacchanaUs. 
 
 e. Val. .Max. Phr.: to live a b. life, 
 baahanalia vivere, Juv.: the b.jestivals, 
 bacchanalia, ium, and iorum : Cic. : Liv. 
 bacchic : 1. bacchicus : the b. 
 metre, metriim b., Diom. 2. bacchius • 
 the b. foot (the bacchius), b. pes, Ter. 
 Maur. . 
 
 bachelor : I. -^" unmarried man : 
 1 coelebs, libis: what sltall I, a b., 
 do on the first of March f Martiis c. 
 quid agam calendis.' Hon: a bai:hek>r's 
 life, coelebs vita, Hor. 2. P''er, Sri 
 (cf Fr. garvon): Ov. ||. One who 
 has obtained the louest academical 
 degree: baccaiaurfius : M. L. 
 
 bachelorship : I. "'« itnrmrried 
 statf.: coelebs vita: Hor. ||. Vhe 
 academical rank of bachdor : baccaiau- 
 rfiatns, us : M. L. . 
 
 back (subs.): I. Of an avimal 
 (including man): 1. lergum ; Co he 
 punished on the back and head; i.e. to 
 be scourged and beheaded, tergo ac 
 capile puniri, Liv. : aU the enemy turned 
 their b.s, omnes hostes terga verterunt, 
 Caes. : they had turned their b.s, terga 
 dederant, Liv,: to bind a man's hands 
 behind his b.,hominis manusposl tergum 
 revincire, Virg.: the b.s of oxen , terga. 
 boum, Cic: the god directed him not to 
 concern himself about what was done at 
 his back, i. e. behind him, deus lUi 
 praecepit quid a tergo fieret ne laboraret, 
 Cic. 2 dorsum (prop, referrmg to 
 the ridge of the spine) : toft one's shield 
 to one's b., clipeum ad d. accunimodare, 
 PI. : the horse shook not his rider from 
 his b., wrr the bit from his mouth, equus 
 non equitem dorso, non frenum depulit 
 ore Hor. : v. ridge. Phr.: y>ni are 
 shameless, both front and b., ei adversus 
 et aversus impudicus es, Cic. : a wound 
 in the b., caecum vulnus, Virg. ; caecus 
 ictus. Liv. : hiing on my b., I gaze upon 
 the sky, resupinus in coelo contueor, Att. 
 ap. Cic: Ov.: he snores, lying <m his b.. 
 sterlit supinus, Hor. : the boy lays hold 
 of me behind by the robe, and throws me 
 on my b., puer me pone apprehendit 
 pallio, resupinat, Ter. ; to malign any 
 one beliind his b., aliquem absentem 
 rodere, Hor. ||. The part of any- 
 thing opposite to tJie front : terguui 
 (rare) : to write on the margin and b of 
 a book, margine libri seribere et in tergo, 
 Juv. Phr.: he urites upon the b. of 
 the paper, scribit in aversa charta. Mart. : 
 tlie b. of tlie liead, pars capitis aversa. 
 Plln. : the b. of a house, posiicae aedmm 
 partes, Liv. : or simply, posticum, Vitr ; 
 the b. of a couch, pluteus, Suet. |||. 
 Themore distant part of a place: aver- 
 sum. or more freq. aversa, orum : tlie b. 
 of a city, aversa urbis, Liv. : the b. of 
 an island, a. insulae, Liv. 
 
 back (adject, prefix) : posticus ; a 
 b.-door, p. ostium, PI.: v. b.^CK-doob: 
 HIND (adj.). . 
 
 back (adr): V. BACKWARDS. It IS 
 
 generally expr. by the prefix re or red ; 
 as to gob., redire ; to fall b., recidere ; 
 to push b.. repellere: lor which v. to 
 
 GO BACK, etc. . _. 
 
 back ('••) •■ A. T r an s. : |. 7b move 
 back : rgjicio, Jeci, jectum, J : to b. tlie 
 kids from a stream, capellas a flumine 
 r., Virg. Phr.: to b. v ater, i. e. to row 
 back-ivards or stem foremost : inhibere, 
 Liv. (cf.Cic. Att. ij, 21, 4. where the 
 term is discussed): retro navem inhib- 
 ere, Liv. ; remis inhibere. Just. II. To 
 sintport ; q. V. B. 1 " t r a n s. : to go 
 b. ; q. V. Phr.: this horse vnll not b., 
 *hic equns repugnat quominus retror- 
 sum .ngatur 
 
 backbite : 1. ^°^°' ''°^'' '■o**"™- ' • 
 
 they b. at banquets, rodunt in conviviis, 
 Cic. : more precisely, to b. a friend, ab- 
 sentem amicum r., Hor. 2. vellTco, 
 I : Cic. Join: rodere et vellicare. 
 3 maledico dente carpere, Cic. 
 Phr.: 'they all envied, b.bit me, invidere 
 omnes mihi, mordere clanculum, Ter. : 
 
 V. TO .SLANDER. 
 
 backbiter' maiedicus : v. slanderer. 
 
 backbiting (-"'^s): morsus us: no 
 
 me poi.'^ons my enjoyment with secret 
 
 hatred and b., mea commoda non quis- 
 quam odio obscuro morsuqtie venenat, 
 Hor. : V. slander. 
 
 back-board : piatgus : M,irt. : Suet 
 
 backbone: sp""ia: Cels.: Virg. 
 back-door: 1. posticum ostium : 
 
 Pi. 2. posticum : PI. : Hor. 3. 
 
 posticula (a small b.) . Apnl. 
 
 back-gammon-board: tabula O"- 
 
 s6ria),alveiis: V. BOARD. 
 
 background (in paintings) absced- 
 eniia. ium. Vilr. V \g. his modesty 
 kept him in the b., *mode6tia ejus prohi- 
 buit quominus clarus fieret; quominus 
 primas (partes) ageret. 
 
 backside: nates: clones: v. but- 
 
 TOCKS. 
 
 backslide : labor, lapsus, j : Cy- 
 prian : V. to GO ASTRAY, APOSTATIZE. 
 
 backslider: lapsus; esp. in pi.: 
 Cvpriaii : Kicles. : v_. also ai-ostaTE. 
 
 ' backstairs : scalae posUcae : T. 
 BACK (adj.). 
 
 backward : (o^?-) • , I n^rersed : 
 
 supinus: the b. course (of rivers), s. cur- 
 
 sus, Ov.- theb. nave, undis.,Ov.- Mart 
 
 II Averse, reluctant; q. v. : piger. 
 
 Ill' Slow, dull : piger, gra, grum 
 
 you seemed sometimes b., someiimes timid 
 
 in militani matters, inter.lum p., inter- 
 
 dum timidus in re militari videbare, 
 
 Cic. . b. in warfare, militiae piger, Hor. : 
 
 V. SLOW, DOLL. iV. '-«*« '■ I- ^• 
 
 backwardness : tarditas, pigritia : 
 
 V. kklcctance; lateness. 
 
 backwards : I. "''«'' ,""« <««* 
 
 \ foremost : retro : to roiv a vessel b., retro 
 inhibere navem, Liv. : v. to back. 
 P h r. . he di agged the oxen by their tails 
 b. into tlie cave, aversos boves caudis in 
 ,;peluncam iraxit, Liv. ||. Tmvards 
 the back, or in a contrary direction : 
 1. retro : / follo'v the footsteps b., 
 vestigia r. sequor, Virg. : to tmn one's 
 face b., ora r flectere, Ov. 2. retror- 
 "sura - to sail b., r. vela dare. Hor. . to 
 return b., r. redire, Plin. 3. rursus : 
 to fall b. from the top, a sunimo r 
 cadere, PI. : Ter. Phr.: to sail b. and 
 forwards, ultro citroque navigare, Cic. : 
 to send ambassoilors b. and fomards, 
 ultro citroque legatos niitlere, Caes. 
 III. Towards })ast limes: retro: b. 
 up to komulus, r. usque ad Rumulum- 
 Cic. : Hor. IV. -'" reverse order 
 
 1 retro: from the lowest note tt 
 the highest and b. there are many gra- 
 dations, ab ima voce ad summam ac r, 
 multi sunt gradns. Quint. 2. retror 
 sum : as you would say, men and women 
 day and niyht, rather than b., ut vires 
 ac'feminas.diem .ac nociemdicas potiug 
 quani r.. Quint. Phr : we hare gone b.. 
 i. e. are in a worse condition, deteriore 
 statu sumus, Cic. 
 
 bacon : laridum or lardum : PI. : 
 Hor.: Plin. 
 
 bad : 1. malus : comp. pe.lor ; sup 
 pessimus: bad goods (of a good for no- 
 thing person), mala merx, PI : b. 
 weight, malum pondus, PI : a b. smell. 
 m. odor, Hor.: a b. and vorthUss 
 fellow, m. et neqnam homo, PI.: b. 
 philosoiihers, m. philosop! i, Cic. : a li. 
 habit, m. consuetudo, Hor. : a very b. 
 example, pessinium exemphim, Liv. : 
 to have a b. opinion of any one, m. opi- 
 nionem de aliquo habere, Cic. : a b. 
 citizen, in. civis, Quiiit. : b. poems, m. 
 carmina, Hor. : a b. conscience, m. con- 
 scientia. Quint.: a b. and weak voice, 
 m. et imbecilla vox. Quint. 2. '•?»- 
 probus (usu. in moral sense): a b. dis- 
 position, ingenium im., Plln. : a b. and 
 treacherous man, im. homo et perfi- 
 diosus, Cic: a b. will, i.e. informal. 
 im. testamentum, Cic. : 6. liread, mi. pa- 
 nis. Mart. 3. pravus (prop, crooked, 
 mis-shapen): a very b. rule, pravissima 
 regula, Cic. : b. morals, p. mores. Sail. : 
 a 6. ma»), p. vir. Sen. 4. perversus: 
 a b. cusUnn, p. mos, Cic. : v. pervebse, 
 WILFUL. 5. nequam (indec.) : v. 
 nothing, good for. Phr.: 6. wta- 
 ther, tempestas adversa, Cic; t. foeda 
 (shockingly bad), Liv.: a b. road, vie 
 iniqua. Liv. : a very b. road, via deter- 
 rima, Cic: bad health, valetudo incom-
 
 BADGE 
 
 BAKE 
 
 B A I. 1> L V 
 
 moda, Clc. ; dura v., Hor. : to bring any 
 one b. nefi, acerbum niintium alicui 
 perferre, Cic. : b. numey, adullcriiii iiunii, 
 Cic. : to have a b. reputatitm, male au- 
 dire, Cic. : v. faulty, whong, wicked. 
 badge: 1. innlgne, is, n. . Fam- 
 pey hairing torn off thi- b.s of cirmmaiul, 
 threw himself trit of the camp, Pompeius 
 detractis in. Imperatoriis se ex castris 
 ejecit. Cues.: Cic. 2. i'lfula (late): 
 the emperor's b.s of honour, inf. inipe- 
 riales, Cod. Just. 3. fa.sies, ium, m. 
 (special tcini for the consular badge ot 
 office) : Cic. : Liv. : v. fajscks ; also, sign, 
 
 TOKEK. 
 
 badger : meles and melis, is, /. : 
 Plin. : *ursus meles: Liiiii. 
 
 badinage: nuKae, arum: auayxrith 
 your b. ! auler lm^as ! PI. : a man pkaseii 
 ivith such h., homo tantls delectatus ii., 
 
 Cic: V, JOKE, ItAlLLKKV. 
 
 badly : 1. mille : to nmcU b., ni. 
 olere, Cic. : may it go b. iritli you ! tibi 
 male sit, Cic. : to txliaxK ivry b. to any 
 one, in aliqiiem pessime consulere, Ter. : 
 to manaye a thing b., male rem gerere, 
 Clc. : baiUy mauleil, m. multatus, Cic. : 
 Phaedr.. 2, imprObu: why cU> I won- 
 der if I am b. spoken of by the bail ? 
 quid ego miror si quid ab improbis <le 
 me im. dicitur? Cic. 3. prave (prop, 
 of that wliich is awry) : a b. cut nail, 
 p. sectus unguis, Hor. : b. mwie versfs, 
 p. factl versus, Hor. 4. sccus (lit. 
 othemHse than well): there is a grtat 
 consoUxtum, even if it turn out b., magna 
 consolatio est etiam si s. acciderit, Cic. : 
 to speak b. of any one, lie aliquo s. lo- 
 qui, Tac. : to think b. of any one, de 
 aliqao s. existimare, Cic. : v. wrongly, 
 
 WICKEDLY. 
 
 badness : 1. malitta : b. of soil, 
 terrae ni., Pall. : to pkase by virtue, not 
 by b., virtute non m. placere. Sail. : the 
 b. of so many generals, tot imperatorum 
 m., Tac. 2. iiequitia (prop, worth- 
 lessness ; q. w) : the b. of vinegar, aceti 
 n., Plin. : set a limit to your b., nequi- 
 tiae pone niodum tuae, Hor. 3. im- 
 prftbitas (usu. in moral sense : t. wick- 
 edness) : the b. of crab-apples, im. ma- 
 lonim silvestrium, PUn. 
 
 baffle : 1. eludo, si, sum, J to b. 
 any one and in every possible way to 
 disconcert him, aliquem e. et omni ra- 
 tione jactare, Cic. : v. to ellde. 2. 
 contundo, tiidi, tOsum, } (prop, to break 
 in pieces ; hence implying/oi ce, whereas 
 eludo implies dexterity in escaping) : 
 f have b.d and broken the Iwldness of 
 the robber, contudi et fregi praedonis 
 audaciam, Clc : to b. the threats of kings, 
 minas regum c, Hor. Ph r. : ab.d hope, 
 spes ad Irritum redacta, or, ad irritnm 
 cadens, Liv. : to go auay b.d, re inlecta 
 abire, Liv. : he returned home b.d, do- 
 mum irritus rediit, Serv. : v. to defeat, 
 
 KRL'STRATE. 
 
 bag : 1. saccus : PI. : Cic. : money 
 bags, sacci numorum, Hor. : a smaU 
 bag, sacculus: Juv. : Plin. 2. cu- 
 leus (of leather, esp. for holding liquids) : 
 PI.: Cic: Juv. 3. liter, utris, m. (of 
 an animal's skin): Caes. : Virg. 4. 
 foUis, is, m. (of leather, for money) : 
 Juv. 5. foUiculus (a small bag) : 
 to carry corn in small bags, foUiculis 
 frumentum vehere. Liv. : Cic. 6. re- 
 ticiUum (o/'TietHwA:): Cic: Hor. 
 
 bagatelle: nugae; v. trifle. 
 
 baggage : I. Moveable goods of an 
 army. 1. impgdimenla,orum (denot- 
 ing the baggage of the armj- collectively) : 
 our men cuptured the b., impedimentis 
 nostri potiii sum, Caes.: to ahandim the 
 b., im. relinquere, Caes. : to lose the b., 
 im. amittere, Caes. : a b. train, impedi- 
 mentorum agmen, Tac. 2. sarcTnae, 
 arum {the humtlt's irr knapsat^ks carried by 
 the men individually) : to collect the b., 
 sarcinas confiTre, Caes. : Liv. 3. vasa, 
 orum {the nu>veabU goods of an anny : 
 esp. in the foil, phrases) : t<i fiack up the 
 b., vasa colligere, Liv. : to raife the shtnit 
 ^or packing up the b., vasa conclamare, 
 Caes. Phr. ; Caesar led six legions 
 without b., Caesar sex legiones e.xpedl- 
 t«8 ducebat, Caes. : 6. animals, sarcmaria 
 
 E. n. As 
 
 ?sta (Jem.) : 
 
 Jumenta, Caes.: v. luggage. 
 a t^rm nf abuse : \, scClesta 
 I'er. 2. si-eius, 6ris: PI. : Ter" 
 
 bagnio : |. a bath ,- q. v. : bal- 
 
 neum. II. A brothel; q. v.: lOpiinar. 
 
 bag-pipes : •tibiae ex utre intlatae. 
 
 ba^-piper: 1. ascaules, is, m. 
 
 (Gr. aiT/cauAijt): Mart. 2. utriciila- 
 rlus: Suet. 
 
 bail (''.): I. To give l>ail for: 
 
 1. spondeo, spopondi, sponsuni. 2 
 (in gen. to undertake formally, become 
 surity; q. v.): to b. any one, i e. to 
 bei:(mte bail for any one, pro aliquo s., 
 Cic: v. Diet. Ant. p. ii. 2. ^fdc- 
 jfibco,jussi,Jus.sum, 2: Ulp. 3. flde- 
 prOmitto, misi, niissum, j : Gaius. (The 
 verb fidejubpo implies a more serious 
 and permanent responsibility tlian fide 
 promitto: v. Forcell. s. v. fideproniissor: 
 both words seem to belong to the later 
 terminology of Roman law.) P h r. • 
 the other b.'d him, vns factus est alter 
 ejus sistendi, Cic : iHll you deliver your- 
 self to a tyrant for death by b.ing a 
 friend ? vadeni te ad mortem tyranno 
 daljis proami(o.> Cic ||. To accr/'l 
 bail for (which, ace. to Roman law, was 
 the part of the plaintiff or prosecutor) : 
 vador, i : h£ does not accept b. for the 
 man at present, hominem in pi-aesentia 
 non vadatur, Cic : the prosecutor b.'d 
 tlie prisoner with so many sureties, tot 
 vadilnis accusator vadatus est reum, 
 Liv. : V. bail {subs.). 
 
 bail {subs.): \. The person who 
 gives bail: 1, vas, vadis: the other 
 became b.for his appearance, vas factus 
 est alter ejus sistendi, Cic: the other 
 that he might release his b. was present 
 at the hour appointed for his death, alter 
 ut v. suum llberaret praesto fuit ad 
 horam morti destinatam, Cic: v. surety. 
 
 2. apprOmissor: Dig. 3. fidiS- 
 jussor: Dig. 4. fideproniissor: Gaius. 
 
 SI. Security for a legal ajipearamce: 
 ., vadimoniuin : to take b., v. cap- 
 ere, Ov. : to keep rme's b., v. sistere, 
 Cic. : to forfeit one's b., v. desererc,Cic. : 
 to enlarge b., v. differre, Cic. 2. 
 
 siitisdatio: Clc: Gai. 3. fidfijiissio: 
 
 I>ig. : V. SECURITY, SURETY. 
 
 bailable : "pro quo vadlmonium capi 
 potest : * pro quo sponderi potest : v. 
 
 BAIL. 
 
 bail-bond : viidlmonium : to draw 
 up a b., V. concipere, Cic. : to settle a 
 b., V. constituere, Cic. 
 
 bailiif: I. The manager of a 
 farm : 1. villicus : Cic. : Hor. : a 
 b.'s vj%fe, villica: Oato: Juv. 2- of- 
 ficionim or operarum magister. Col. 
 II. an officer attached to a court of 
 justice: apparitor: Clc. 
 
 bait (subs.) : 1. esca : PI. : Mart. 
 Fig.: Plato calls pleasure the b.qf evils, 
 l^lato escam malorum appellat volup- 
 tatem, Cic 2. cibus: Tib.: Plin.: 
 
 V. ALLUREMENT. 
 
 bait ("■)•■ I. To apply a bait : Phr.: 
 to Ixiit hooks, cibis h;mios illinere, Plin. : 
 to bait a trap, *escam in nassa ponere. 
 II. To furnish animals with food 
 on a joui ney. V h r. : to b. horses, *e<juLs 
 (Jumentis) in itinere pabulum suppedi- 
 tarc ; or *in itinere subsistere ut equis 
 pabulum suppcditetur. |||. To attack 
 an animal with dogs, usu. for amuse- 
 ment : P h r. ; to 6 a bear, "ursum ca- 
 nibus lacessere immissis ; canes in ursum 
 immittere. 
 
 baize : *pannus laneus : v. frikze. 
 
 bake : |, To cook in an oven : 1, 
 torreo, torrui, tostum, 2 (with In funio, 
 etc.): to b. anything, aliquid In fumo 
 t., Plin. : they used to b. their grain, 
 furnis torrebant farra, Ov. : v. to roa^t. 
 2. c6quo, coxi, coctum, j (prop, 
 to cook in gen. ; q. v.) : brejid swells in 
 b.ing, panis crescit coquendo, Plin. ||. 
 To dry and harden by heat : \, c6quo, 
 coxi, cocltim, J : to b. tiles, laterculos c, 
 Cato : summer b.s the clods with its ripe 
 suns, glebas aestas maturis solibus c, 
 Virg.: to b. ores, aera fomaclbus c, 
 Lucan. 2. excoquo, j (stronger than 
 simple verb : also = to bake out) : the sun 
 ba the soil, terram sol e., Lucr. : to b. 
 
 land into glass, arenas in Titniin e., Tac. : 
 to b. ail the bad quality out (of the iotJ), 
 omne vltium e., Virg. 3. ireiado, 
 } : Plin. : Lucr : v. to dry up, pabch. 
 
 baked: 1. coctiiis, e (totof food): 
 
 b. tiles, c lateres, Varr. : h. walls, I. e. 
 made of bricks, c. muri, Ov. 2. fur- 
 niicf-us (of food) : b.bitwi,\ panls.'pIlD 
 P h r. : bread b. too mucli, panis adustus 
 Hor. 
 
 bakehouse : v. bakery. 
 
 baker: 1. pistor: we go to get bread 
 from the b., a p. panem petlraus, PI. : 
 Cic. A ftmale b., pistrix, icis: l.ucil. 
 an. \'arr. 2. fumarius (prop, adj.) : 
 Ulp. The business of a b, luniiiria: 
 Suei. I'll r. : to Ik a b. by tratle. lunia- 
 riain exercere, Suet. 3. arto[>la, ae, 
 m. (Gr. apTon-TTn) : ./uv. 
 
 bakery: 1. pistrlna: Plln. 2. 
 pistrinum : Suet. 
 
 baking-pan: artopta: Pi. 
 
 balance (-"''s.).- j. A pair of 
 .*ato,- : 1. libra : in one scale of the 
 b. he placed mental advantages, in the 
 other, corporeal, in alteram librae Ian 
 cem animi bona imposuit, in alteram 
 corporis, Clc. V i g. : the b.ofa hesitat- 
 ing mind, animi cunctantls libra, Claud. 
 
 2. tn'itina : Varr. : Vltr. Fig.: the 
 Rr/man writers are weighed in the same 
 b., Romani pensantur eadem scriptores 
 trutina, Hor.: Cic: v. steelyard, 
 SCALES. II. Equipoise: 1, libra: a 
 firm b. against the winds, contra flatus 
 pervicax 1., I'lin. (a rare use of the 
 word). 2. llbrsimen, libramentum: 
 round this weapon three feathers u-ere 
 placed as a b , huic telo ad libramen 
 pinnae tres circumdabantur, Liv. : to 
 weight a bottering-ram with ab.of lead, 
 arietem llbramento plumbl gravari, Liv. 
 
 3. pondus, 6ris, n. .- v. weight. 
 
 4. compensatio (only fig.): aneqiti- 
 tcMe b. of privilege and duty and re- 
 ward, aequabllis c juris et officii et mu- 
 neris, Cic: v. EguiLiBRiUJi. |||. The 
 difference beticeen tuo sums (in book- 
 keeping) : reliquum (usu. plu.): / now 
 wish to pay the outstanding b., nunc 
 quod reliquum restat, volo persolvere, 
 PI. : Camillus urites that he has received 
 my b.s, reliqua mea Camillus scribit se 
 recepisse, Cic. 
 
 balance ("•) •■ I. To keep in equi- 
 librium : libro : v. to I'OISE. ||, Tfc 
 counto-poise : compenso, i : to 6. joy by 
 grief, laetitiam cum doloribus c. Cic. : 
 to b. virtues by inces, bona cum vitlls c, 
 Hor. III. To asreitain the difference 
 between receipts and expenses : \, 
 consOlido, I : b.d accounts, ratlones con- 
 soUdalae, Cic. 2. dispungo, pun.xi, 
 
 punctum, }: to b. accounts, rationes d.. 
 Sen.: Ulp. 
 
 balancing of accounts : dispunc- 
 
 tio: Ulp. 
 
 balas-ruby : anthrScitis, Wis, /. .- 
 Plin. 
 
 balcony : maenlanum (usu. plu.) : a 
 projrctiiin without snppi^rt, of tlte nature 
 of b.s, projectum quod ita proveheretur 
 ut nus(iuam requiesceret, qualia maeni- 
 ana, Javol. Dig. (v. Forcell. s. v.): to 
 build b.s to jH/rticoes, doors, hotises, aedi- 
 ficare porticibus m., et adjicere foribus, 
 domibus, Ammian. ap. id. (v. gallery); 
 Cic. : Suet. 
 
 bald: I. ^fithout hair : 1. calvus : 
 PI.: Suet. I'hr. : to tie b., calvgo, 2- 
 Plin.: to became b, calvesco, j: Col.: 
 Plin. Bald in fiont, praecalvus: to be 
 b. infro7it, praecalvo capite esse. Suet 
 2. gISber. bra, brum (of the body 
 generally, and chiefly of the lower ani- 
 mals : V. smooth) : PI. : Varr. : Col. 
 Phr.: to make b., glabra, i: Col. A b. 
 spot, arCa, Cels. ||. Vnadjimed, inele- 
 gant (q. v.): aridus: a b. ttyle of nar- 
 ration, iiarratio a., (julnL : Cic. : v. dry. 
 
 JEJUNE. 
 
 balderdash : ^'- jargon, nonsense. 
 
 baldly : Jejune : V. JEJUNELY. Phr. : 
 to state (hiuj/S b. and wiUiout ornament, 
 res nudas atque inomatas Indicare, 
 Quint. (But nudus alone is used by Cic. 
 as a laudatory term, with ref. to tha 
 Commentaries of Caesar : v. rNADOKNU>.> 
 
 6J
 
 BALDNESS 
 
 BAN D-FISH 
 
 BAN I S H 
 
 baldness: I. want of hair: 1. 
 calvitluni: tke disfigurement of b., cal- 
 vitii deformitas, Siiet. : Cic. : Plin. 2. 
 calviUes, ei,/. : Suet. ||. Of style: v. 
 
 INELEGANCE, JEjnNENESS. 
 
 baldric : balteus : v. belt, girdle. 
 
 bale ("■) •• egero, gessi, gestum, j : 
 this man b.s out the waves, egerit hie 
 Buctus, Ov. Phr. : to b. out the bilge- 
 water, sentinam e.,Cic. : v. to EMny out. 
 
 bale {subs.) : fascis, is, 711. ; Tac. : 
 Plin. : V. BUNDLE. 
 
 baleful: tunestus, peruiciosus: v. 
 Vatal, destructive. 
 
 balk (subs.) : I. A ridge of land in 
 a ploughed field: 1, limes, Itis, Varr. : 
 Col. 2. porca : Varr. : Col. 3. scam- 
 num : Col. ||. A beam, rafter ; q. v. : 
 trabs : tignum. JH. hisappainlment ; 
 q. V. • frustratio. 
 
 balk («•) •■ fnistror, ludlficor, eludo : 
 
 T. TO BAFKLE, DISAPPOINT. 
 
 ball : I. A round mass : 1. glo- 
 bus: fire-bs were seen in the sky, iu 
 eoelo animadversi globi, Cic.: the eye-b., 
 •g. oculi : a small b., glObiilus : Cato : 
 Piin. 2. glOmus, eris, n. : a b. of 
 ■wool, lanae g., Lucr. : a b. of thread, liiii 
 g., Plin. : Hor. ||. A playing - ball : 
 1. pila (filled with hair, leathers, 
 &c.): to play at 6., pila ludere, Cic. : to 
 throw back a b., p. reddere. Mart. : to 
 catch a b. and throw it back, p. excipere 
 et remittere. Sen. : a playing-b., pila 
 lusoria, Plin.: also sometimes of any- 
 thing round: b.s of doiwt, pilae lanu- 
 ginis, Plin. 2. foUis, is, m. (a b. filled 
 with air) : to play at b., foUe ludere. 
 Mart. : PI. A small b. of that kiiui, fol- 
 liciilus: Suet Phr.: a game at ball, 
 pilaris lusio, Stat : a particular hind of 
 game at b. played by three pe) sons, lusus 
 trlgon ; 1. trigonalis, Hor.: Mart.: an 
 inJc-b. (in printing), *rolliculus typogra- 
 pbicus : a cannon-b., *gl6bus (the con- 
 text defining it) : a musket-b., glans : v. 
 BULLET. Ill, A meeting for dancing : 
 saltatio (prop, the act ofiiartoing) : Cic. 
 Quint. : to invite to a b., *ad saltatioiiem 
 vocare, invitare. 
 
 ballad : 1. nenia (orig. a dirge) ; 
 children's 6.1, puerorum neniae, Hor : 
 wortlil^ess b s, viles n., Phaedr. 2. 
 
 carmen triviale (a street b.) : Juv. 
 
 ballad-singer; *il«i (quae) canti- 
 lenas in triviis canit ; cantator s. canta- 
 trix trivialis. 
 
 ballast (subs.) : saburra : to take up 
 b. (of bees), s. tollere, Virg. : to steady 
 with b., sabunii stabilire, Pliii. 
 
 ballast C) ■■ saburro, i (= saburrft 
 onerare) : Plin. (fig.) 
 
 ballet : pantOmimus : Plin. 
 
 ballet-dancer : pantOmimus (male): 
 
 Suet. : Slacr. : pantomima (female) : Sen. 
 
 ballista: balUsta: Cic: Caes. : a 
 
 maker or discharger of ballistae, ballis- 
 
 tarius: Veg. 
 
 balloon . *machiria aerobatica (Kr. ; 
 Georg.). 
 
 ballot (subs.) : I. A ball or ticket 
 used in voting : 1. tabella : three b.s 
 are given to ecuch of those uho are of 
 senatorian ra7ik far delivei-ing their 
 verdict, ternae t. dantur ad Judicandum 
 iis qui ordinis sunt senatorii, Caes. : to 
 sort tlie b.s, tabellas diribere, Cic. : Prop. 
 
 2. suffragium: the b.s are being 
 sorted, diribentur suffragia, Varr. : Cic. 
 
 3. tesserQla: Varr. Phr.: a sorter 
 of the 6.S, diribitor • Cic: a sorting of 
 b.s, diribitio: Cic ||. Voting by b. : 
 tabella (meton.). the b. is in favour 
 with the people, becaiise it displays the 
 face but conceals the minds of men, \>o- 
 pulo grata est t., quae frontes aperit 
 nominum, mentes tegit, Cic: the whole 
 state by the b. declared me consul, me 
 universa civitas tabella consulem decla- 
 ravit, Cic. Phr.: a law establishing 
 vote by b., lex tabellaria: Cic. : Plin. 
 
 ballot (''•) •• tabella or tabellis suffra- 
 gari: v. ballot (subs.). Phr.: we b. 
 for ail new members of the club, •omnes 
 novos soilales tabella cooptamus. 
 
 ballot-ball : v. ballot (I.). 
 
 ballot-box: 1. cista: Auct.Her.: 
 Plin. 2. cistula : Auct. Her. 
 64 
 
 ball-room : *atriuni saltatorium. 
 
 balm; I. Any aromatic sap : bal- 
 s&mum : Virg. : I'lin. ||. An aroma- 
 tic plant: 1. balsamum: Plin. 2. 
 melisphylluni or melissopby luni : Virg. ; 
 Plin. 3. citrago,Iiiis,/.._Pall. |||. 
 Solace, comfort , q. v. : solatium. 
 
 balmy: I. containing balm: _ 1. 
 balsamlnus: Plin. 2. balsamodes : 
 
 Plin. 11. Fragrant, odoriferous ; q. v .: 
 ambr6sius, suavis, etc. : b. breath, spiri- 
 tus suavis. III. Soothing, soft, mild ; 
 s. V. : b. slumbers, moUes somni. 
 
 balsam : v. balm. 
 
 balsamic: balsaminus: Plin. 
 
 baluster : v. balustrade. 
 
 balustrade: I. For stairs: epi- 
 medion (i. e. o safeguard : (m.fjiriSofj.ai) : 
 Inscr. II, Betueen pillars : pluteus : 
 Vitr. \h Mails inclosing any place : 
 cancelli : Cic 
 
 bamboo: arundo indica: Plin. 
 (*Arundo bambos . Linn.). 
 
 bamboozle : os alicui subllnere, PI. : 
 
 V. FOOL, TO MAKE A; TO CONFOnHD, 
 CHEAT. 
 
 ban (subs.): I. A proclamation; 
 q V. II, A public notice of an in- 
 tended mai-riage. Phr.: to publish the 
 t>tins, *promulgare In ecclesia nomina 
 sponsi et sponsae. |||. Proscription, 
 interdiction; q. v. : proscriptio. Phr.: 
 a person who is under a ban, homo cui 
 igui, aqua, terra, etc. iiit«rdictum est: 
 V. TO banish ; OUTLAW. In M. L. 
 " bannum" is used. (See Ducouge.) 
 
 ban (»'•) •■ ^- TO CURSE. 
 
 banana: I. The tree: (?) pala: 
 Plin. 12, 6, 12. Jl. The fruit: ariena: 
 Plin. ib. 
 
 band (subs.) .- |. Thai which binds : 
 1. copula: a hempen b., spartea c, 
 Apul.': PI. : V. leash. 2. vinculum : 
 a b.for grafting, v. ad insitionem. Col. : 
 to loosen the b.s off any one, alicui vin- 
 cula exsolvere, Virg. : v. bond, chain. 
 3. li^jnentum, ligamen : b.s for 
 tying vines, liganienta vitium, Col.: 
 f'rop. : V. bandage. 4. rgdimictilum 
 (prop, a headliand or necklace ; q. v.) : 
 PI. 5. anadema, atis, v. (for thf. head) : 
 Lucr. Phr.: the b.s round the volute 
 of an Ionic capital, baltfii pulvinorum, 
 Vitr. II. That ivhich connects (fig.) : 
 V. BOND. \\\_ A body of persons united 
 for any purpose : 1. manus, us, /. 
 (tor purposes of force) : he vrill come to 
 Home with a great b., Romam veniet 
 cum magna m., Cic. : ab. of youths, m. 
 juvenum, Virg. 2. fat^rva (a <i oop ; 
 q. V.) : armed b.s of desperate ruffians, 
 armatae c perditorum hominum, Cic: 
 a b. of young nifn, juvenum c, Hor. 
 the Lycian b.s, Lyciae c, Hor. 3. 
 chorus (prop, of dancers: v. chorus, 
 company) : a b. of youths, c. juventutis, 
 Cic: Hor. 4. grex, gifigis, m. (prop. 
 a herd : hence of persons associated to- 
 gether) ■ ab. of friends, g. amicorum, 
 Cic: Hor. 
 
 together ('•■) ■• mostly in bad 
 
 sense- conjuro, juravi and juratus sum, 
 I : Greece h.'d together to burst your 
 nuptial tie, Graecia conjurata tuas rum- 
 pere nuptias, Hor. • nitnesses b.'d to- 
 gether, testes conjurati, Cic. : v. to com- 
 bine, UNITE. 
 
 bandage (subs.): esp. for medical 
 purposes: 1. fascia: to tie any one up 
 with b.s, aliquem fasciis deviiicire, Cic: 
 to bind the stwnacli round with very 
 tight b.s (to assuage hunger), fasciis 
 ventrem strictissirae circumligare, Gell. 
 A snuill b., fasciola: Hor. 2. I'ga- 
 
 mentuin : to prepare b.s for vounds. 1. 
 vulnuiibus parare, Tac: C^nint. 3. 
 ligamen, iiiis. n. : Col. : Prop. 
 
 bandage («■) •• 1. lig". i : t" f>. 
 
 Hounds with one's dress, vulnera veste 
 I., Ov. 2. dellgo, I : to b. an arm, 
 brachium d., Cels. : to b. a wound, vul- 
 nus d., tjuint. : v. bandage (subs.) ; to 
 
 BIND UP. 
 
 band-box: capsala: Cat : Plin. 
 Pro V. : as spruce as if just out of a b., 
 de capsula totus, Sen. 
 
 band-fish : 1. anthias, ae, m. Q) : 
 Plin. 2. taenia (>) ■ Plin. 
 
 bandit : latro : v. bobeler. outlaw. 
 
 bandstones : dlatSni uteres, Vitr. 
 
 bandy (.*'•) ■ Phr.: the slave b.i 
 uords with me, mihi servus sermonem 
 serit, PI. : v. to exchange. 
 
 bandy-legged: loripes, pedis: Pi. 
 Juv. : v. bow-legged, knock-kneed. 
 
 bane: I. Foison; q. v.: venenum. 
 
 II, Fatal injury : 1, peruicies, 
 
 ei, /. ; a pimp, the general b. of youno 
 
 men, leno p. communis adolescentum, 
 
 Ter. : the b. of Sicily, SiciUae p., Cic. : 
 
 V. DESTRUCTION, RUIN. 2. peStiS, iS, 
 
 /. ; v. PLAGUE, SCOURGE. 
 
 baneful : penuciosus, exitiosus : 
 
 Cic. : V. PERNICIOUS, DESTRUCTIVE, FOI- 
 9<JN0US. 
 
 banefully : pemiciose, exitiose : 
 
 Cic. : v. DESTRUCTIVELY. 
 
 banefulness : v. destructiveness. 
 
 bang (l') •■ V. TO STRIKE, BEAT. 
 
 Phr. : the doors b.'d, sonitum fecenint 
 fores, PI. Mil. 4, 8, 66. 
 bang (subs.) .- crepitus, sonitus.: v. 
 
 EXPLOSION. 
 
 banging (subs.): strgpltus, iis: a 
 great b. <^' doors, ingens valvarum s., 
 Hor. : Ter. 
 
 banian-tree : (?) flcus (indica) : PUn. 
 n, 5,11. 
 banish: I. To condemn to exile: 
 1. extermino, i (the most general 
 term for banishing from the confines of 
 a state) : Protagoras was by order of the 
 Athenians b.'d from the city and terri- 
 tory, Protagoras, Atheniensium jussu, 
 urbe atque agro est exienninatus, Cic : 
 to b. foreigners, peregrinos e., Cic. Fig.: 
 to 6. any one from the society ofmen, ali- 
 quem ex hominum communittiiee., Cic. : 
 to b. any one frimi his household gods 
 (=from /(c«>k;), aliquem a suisdiispena- 
 tibus e., Cic 2. aquii et igni inierdlto, 
 di.\i, dictum, j (usu. formula of banish- 
 ment in the time of Cic. with dat. and 
 ofien in pass, impers.) ■ I think that 1 
 shall bf b.'d, futuiTini puto ut aqua et igni 
 nobis iiiterdicatur, Cic. : having b.'d them 
 he set out into Italy, quibus quum aqua 
 et igni interdixisset, in Italiam profectus 
 est, Caes. 3, pello, pSpuli, pulsum, 
 } (with some defining word): to b. any 
 one from the «to<e, aliquem clvitate p., 
 Cic : to b. any one from, the kingdom 
 aliquem regno p., Hor. : v. to expix. 
 
 4. rJlego, I (usu. /or a limited time 
 only, ami without affecting the civil 
 status) : the consul b.'d L. Lamia, con^ul 
 L. T.amiam relegavit, Cic. : the army 
 was b.'d to SicUy, aTid forbidden to re- 
 turn till the end of the war, exercitns 
 relegatus in Sicilian) ne ante belli finem 
 in Italiaxn reverteretur, Liv. : Piso is 
 b.'d for ten years, Piso in decern annos 
 relegatur, Tac. 5, deporto, i (for 
 
 life, and to some desert place, usu. an 
 island: frequent under the emperors): 
 Serenus is b.'d for life to an island. Se- 
 renus in insulam deportatur, Tac: 
 Quint. 6. ejicio, jeci, jectiim, i (usu. 
 but not always, with some defining 
 word or words) : b.ing those who had 
 been favourable to Athens, qui Atheni- 
 ensium rebus studuissent ejectis, Nep. : 
 he was b.'d and went to live at Argos, e 
 clvitate ejectus Argos habitatum conces- 
 sit, Nep. : Cic. 7. sepono, pOsui, posi- 
 tum, ? (tooau.se to untlidi aw) : to b. any 
 one to aprovince, aliquem in provinciam 
 s., Tac. : Suet. 8. alido, didi, ditum, 
 J (rare): to b. to an island, in insulam 
 a., Tac. 9, amoveo, movi, motum, 2 
 (of banishment under the anperors) : 
 to b. to an island, in insulam a., Tac. 
 
 II. To drive auay (fig.) 1. ex- 
 termino, I (rare) : to b. physical que»- 
 tions, quaestiones physicorum e., Cic. 
 
 2. pello, pgpiili, pulsum, } : b. cares 
 with wine, vino pellite curas, Hor.: to 
 6 sonow from the mind, moestitiam ex 
 aiiimo p., Cic. : v. to drive away. 3, 
 eiicio, J : to 6. affection f rem the mind, 
 amorem e. ex animo, Cic. : to 6. care, e. 
 ex animo curam, Liv. 4. ab^tergeo, 
 tcrsi, tersum, 2 (lit. to wipe away) : to 
 b. grief, dolorem a., Cic. : to b. vexations, 
 molesiias a., Cic. : Lucr. 5. solvo, vi, 
 utum, 5 (rare) ■ to b. night (by the aid
 
 BANISHED 
 
 BAR 
 
 B A R B A U I T T 
 
 of torches, &c.). noctem s., Plln. ep. : to 
 y thame, pudorem s., Vlrg. : Cels. 6, 
 Bepono, i: to b. cares, curas s., Ov. : v. 
 
 TO KKMOVE. 
 
 banished : v- to bantsh, exiled. 
 bauistunent : I. r^* oct of ba- 
 
 nishnu:nt: 1. gjectio (a gen. term): 
 te /far death and b., mortem et e. 
 ttoere, Clc. 2. interdlctio (with 
 
 some defining word) : exile may consist 
 in b. from certain places, exsilium est 
 certorum locorum i., Mart. I>ig. : the 
 Roman formula was inL tecti et aqiiae 
 et ignis, Clc: lAv. 3. deportailo (v. 
 TO BANISH, 1. 5): Ulp. 4. rflegatio 
 (for a limited period): Cic. : Liv. 5. 
 ablegatio (= relegaiio) : Plin. ||. The 
 state of exile : e.xsilium ; v. exile. 
 banister : epimedion : V. EALCS- 
 
 TBADK. 
 
 bank (■'"'>*•) •■ I. A mound of earth : 
 
 1. pulvinu.s : to make Oanks (for 
 flower-bed.^) by heaping up soil, terra 
 lulruenda pulvinos facere, Varr. : I'lin. 
 
 2. toru.s : Virg. : Plin. : also torus 
 pulvini, I'lin.: v. mounp, ridge. ||, 
 An elevation of the bed of the sea : 1. 
 dorsum: Virg.: v. riuoe. 2 syrtis, 
 U,/. ; V. QfiCKSAND. III. The border 
 of a river or lake : ripa : the b. of a 
 river, r. fluniinis, Caes. : Bomulus pUiced 
 his city on the b. of an ever-flowing 
 river, Romulus urbem perennis amnis 
 posuit in ripa, Cic. • Hor. : v. shore. 
 
 IV. A bench for rowers : 1. trans- 
 trum : Caes. : Clc. : Virg. 2. scam- 
 num: Hor.: Ov. V. An establish- 
 ment or company for d&iXing in money : 
 
 largentaria tabema: Liv. 2. 
 argentaria mensa : Ulp. 3. argcn- 
 taria: PI.: Liv.: the afTairs of the bank 
 were wound up, argentaria dissoluta est, 
 Cic. 4. publica mensa (a bank in 
 Khich public money i>as deposited) : Cic 
 
 6. aerarium: Xep. Alt.; v. tbea- 
 
 SURY. 
 
 bank (''•)•■ A. Trans.: Phr.: 
 tob. a house against a river, *aedes ag- 
 gere contra vim fluminis munire : to b. 
 a stream, *flumen Intra alveum aggere 
 continere. B. In trans, (in cum- 
 mercial sense) : Phr.: to b. vith a cer- 
 tain company, *pecuniam apud socie- 
 tatem quandam deponere. 
 
 banker: 1. argentarius: PI.- to 
 Tiave a b.'s book in which money is entered 
 tonne's debit and credit, habere argen- 
 tarii tabulas in quibus sibi expensa pec- 
 ■nnia lata sit. acceptaque relata, Cic. 
 2. raensarius (one intrusted vnth 
 public money for the purpose of paying 
 the state creditors) : Cic: Liv. 3. ne- 
 gotiator (a provincial b. : v. Diet. Ant. : 
 S. V.) : a merchant or a b., mercator an 
 n., Clc. : Caes. Phr.: he was a icell- 
 known b. at Home, Komae argentariam 
 non Ignobilem fecit, Cic. 
 
 banking {subs.y. l. argentaria 
 
 (prop, adj ) : to be engaged in b.. arsent- 
 ariam facere, Cic. 2. neg6tiutio(in 
 
 the provinces: v. supr.): Cic. Suet. 
 Phr.: Curius carries on b. at Fatrae, 
 Curius Patris negotiatur, Cic. 
 
 bank-martin : riparla hirundo : 
 Plin. 
 
 bank-note : *tessera mensae pub- 
 licae (Geurge.s). 
 
 bankrupt (subs ) : decoctor (a spend- 
 thrift-b.) ; Cic. P b r. : a fraudulent b., 
 creditorum fraudator, Cic. 
 
 — ; . to be or become: 
 
 1, rationes conturbare, Cic- and 
 absol., I'edo beames b.. Matho fails, Pedo 
 conturbat.Matlio deficit, Juv! 2. de- 
 coquo, ct)xi, coctum (with or without 
 crediloribus): do you remember that you 
 toere a b. before you came of age f len- 
 esne memoria praetextatuiii te decox- 
 isse? Cic: decoxit creditoribus suis, 
 Plin. 3. f^iro cedere ; if mi/ del i tor 
 ^econt« b.. I shall receive a dividend, si 
 debitor foro ce.'iserit, portionem feram. 
 Sen. 4. cado, cecidi, casum, j (op- 
 
 posed to sto) : turpius est privatim cad- 
 ere quam public.', Cic Att. i6, i?. 6. 
 Phr. : / became utterli/ b. in mi/ busi- 
 ness, omnis res mea fracta est, Hor. (fig. 
 with ref. to shipwreck) : but for Co/f 
 
 sar's generosity towards my client, this 
 Foslumus would have been b. long ago, 
 nisi Caesaris in huiic liberalitas e.xstil- 
 isset, nos bunc l'<jslumum jampridem 
 In foro non haberemus, Cic. 
 
 bankruptcy : 1. decoctio : Cod. 
 
 Theod. 2. C'it5-): naufragium patri- 
 monii : Cic. : cofiip. BANKBCKr, to be 
 or become. 3. tabulae nOvae (public 
 or general bankruptcy) : he taw that 
 Trebellius could not be secure without 
 the enactment of a general b.. Trebel- 
 lium vidit sine labulis novis salvumesse 
 non pos.se, Cic. 
 
 banner : vexillum : Caes. : Cic. : v. 
 
 STAMiARI), ENSIGN, FLAG. 
 
 banneret : 'eques vexiiiarius. 
 bannock : placenta ^vgnac^ : V. 
 
 CAKK. 
 
 banquet (subs.) .- 1. convlvium : 
 to lie pieseiit at a public b., c publicum 
 inire, Cic. : to prepare a b., c omare, pa- 
 rare, or instruere, Cic: Virg. 2. 
 epulum.piu. epCilae, arum (when used 
 of religious or solemn b.s usu. sing.) ; a 
 funeral b., epuluin funebre, Cic. : the b. 
 of Jupiter, Jovis epuluni, Liv.: s(mgs 
 used to be sung at b s, cariiuna in epulis 
 cantitata sunt, Cic. : Hor. 3. coena 
 (the ordinary principal meal) : a splen- 
 did b., lauta c, Suet. : Cic. (j)assim) : v. 
 SOPPER. Phr.: reclining at b.s, epu- 
 laris accubitio, Cic. : v. feast. 
 
 banquet ("•)•• A. Trans.- con- 
 vivio e.xcipfire. v. to feast. B 
 
 I n t r a n 6. : 1. convivor, i : Ter. . 
 Cic. 2. epiilor, i : Cic. : Virg. : v. 
 to feast. 
 
 banter («•) •• 1. cSviiior, i: i b. 
 
 audjiike in a familiar nuinner with the 
 man hirr^elf too, familianter cum ipso 
 etiam cavillor ac jocor, Cic. : v. to 
 JOKE. 2. illiido, si, sum, j : v. to 
 mock, make merbv with. 3. Jocor, 
 
 I : v. TO JOKE. 
 
 banter (subs.) ,- l. cavillatio • Cic. : 
 Suet. 2. J6cus: v. joke. 
 
 banterer: 1. cSviUator: PL: Cic 
 2. lusur: PI. 3. risor: Hor. 
 
 bantling: infans: v. infast. 
 
 baptism : baptisma, atis, n. ; bap- 
 tismus, i, m. ; or baptismum : Ten. : 
 Aug. Phr.: a register of' b., "tabulae 
 in quas eorum qui baptizati sunt no- 
 niina referuntur: a cirlijicate of b., 
 •scriptum quud docet aliquem baptl- 
 zatum esse. 
 
 baptismal : Ph r. : o 6. font, bap- 
 tisterium, Sidon. : 6. voivs, *vota in liap- 
 tismo suscepta : to believe in b. regene- 
 ration, *regenerationem una cum bap- 
 tismo fieri credere : v. baptism. 
 
 baptist : 1. baptista, ae, m. .- Sedul. 
 2. baplizator; Tert. 
 
 baptistery : baplisterium : Sidon. 
 
 baptize ; 1. buptizo, l : Ten.: Aut;. 
 2. intiiiguo, linxi, tinctum, j : Tert. 
 
 baptizer, qui baptizat. 
 
 bar (subs): I. A long piece of 
 wood, iron, &c ; (i) used tor fastening 
 uT confining : 1. clathri. orum (60^ 
 of cages for confining animaU) : Hor.: 
 Col. 2. claustra, orura (esp. of a 
 
 gate) : to pull back the bars, c. revellere, 
 Cic: to burst the bars, c runipere, Virg. : 
 V. barrier, 3. obex, Tcis and jTcis, 
 TO. and/, (usu. of agate): the iron bars 
 of gates, ferrati portarum o., Tac. : he 
 had closed the gates uith a strong bar, 
 portas o. firma clauserat, Ov. 4. sera 
 (v. bolt): bars closeda thousand liouses, 
 raille domos clausere serae, Ov. : Varr. 
 5. repagiila, orum (v. barkier); 
 PI.: Cic. (li) in general, wheihir used 
 as a barrier or not : 1. vectis, is. m. 
 (used of any kind of leier or crowbar ; 
 q. v.) : Caes. 2. asser, gris, m. (only 
 of uood): strong bars, vaiidi a., Tac : 
 Caes. : v. pole, beam. ||, a hin- 
 
 drance or obstruct icm ; q. v. :' impedi- 
 mentum. |||. A bank at the mouth 
 
 of a rirer or harbour, "agger arenae ad 
 ostium Humlnis portusve situs. JV, 
 
 An ingiit or wedge of mttal: 1. lilter', 
 eris, n(. : liars of giiUi and iiZrer.'lateres 
 aureiargenteiqtie. Plin. 2. mbulus: 
 Plin. V. An inclosed place : (1) in a 
 
 court of justice: cancelli: Cic (il) in 
 F 
 
 an inn : (?) cancelli canponii s. oao^ 
 ponae (but it is impossible to ex- 
 press the term with any certainty). 
 VI. A tribunal, or the place in a 
 court of justice where the advocates are 
 placed : fhr.: my exertions at tfte bar, 
 meus forensis labor, Cic : the eloquence 
 of the bar, forense dicendi genus. Cic : 
 they plead at the bar, apud iribunalia 
 dicunt, guint.: he had once bern On 
 leailer of the bar, princeps fuerat quon- 
 dam fori, t^uint. : Me lad is intended/or 
 the bar, puer foro destinatur, yulnt : 
 the bar requires a more powerful and 
 fuller i04'«,sulisellia graiidiorem et ple- 
 nioreni voccm desideraiit, Cic. : to enjo'/ 
 a T'putation for skill at the bar. Marie 
 lorensi florcre, Ov. : the prisoner at lii' 
 bar, reus hlc, or, reus iste, according a.- 
 the speaker is for the defence or for 
 the prosecution. VII. The entire 
 
 budy of advocates : 1. advocatio: thr 
 bar of Caesarea, a. Caesariensis, Cod. 
 Just. 2. advOcati, orum: tliey are 
 deserted not only by the audience, but 
 even by the bar, non mo<lo a corona sed 
 etiam ab advocatis relinquuntur, Cic. 
 Quint. VIII. ilus. 1. 1 : »liuea trans^ 
 ver.sa, or, notae musicae quae intra li- 
 neas transversas contiiientur. 
 
 bar (u.) : I. 70 fasten with a bar : 
 obsfiro, 1 : to bar a door, ostium 0., 
 Ter.; fores o., Sueu Phr.: bar the 
 <^r, if you please, with both bolls, oc- 
 clude, sis, fores ambobus pessulis, PL: 
 J bar the door, pe%i>ulum ostio obdo, 
 Ter. (the pessulus, however, was smaller 
 than the sera or repagulum: v. bolt.) 
 
 II, To hinder, prevent (q. v.): obslo 
 (with dat.), prohibeo (with ace.) 
 
 barb (subt.) -. |. rhat which re- 
 sembles a beard, as in a fish, etc. : barba : 
 V. BEARD. \\. A horse, e^p. one from 
 Barbary : cquiis, sSnlpes: v. horsf. 
 
 III. A jxirt of a hook, arrow, etc. : 
 
 1. uncus (which, however, appears 
 to denote prop, some large hook ; as the 
 hooks of grappling irons; the hook 
 used to drag men to execution, etc) 
 
 2. hanius (arrows made with b.a 
 are called hanjatae: v. barbed): v. 
 HOOK. 3. hiimulu»: dimin. of pre- 
 ceding: PI. 
 
 barb ( i'-) ■• Phr. : to b. an arrow. 
 *sagi[tam bamatam facere; or (.') sa- 
 giitae hamos s. uncos addere. 
 
 barbacan : I. a small round tower ■ 
 turns: V. TOWER. II. J uatchhouse: 
 specula: Cic: Virg. |||. A loophole: 
 fenestra ad tonuenta roittenda : Caea. 
 
 barbarian (subs.): \, An unci- 
 
 vilized j)erson : barbarus (esp. in pi. 
 and applied to all nations excepting 
 the Greeks and Romans) : Caes.: Hor.: 
 of b.s the Germans are almost the only 
 people content with one wift apiece, bar- 
 haronim soli prope Germani singulis 
 uxoribus content!, Tac. ||. A cruel or 
 brutal person: 1. barbarus: O bar- 
 barian : by your dreadful deeds ! pro 
 diris, barbare, lactis! Ov. 2. homo 
 crudelis, inmiaiiis, etc. Cic: Virg. 
 
 barbarian (adj.) .- v. barbaroi-9. 
 
 barbaric: barbaricus: b. garments. 
 b. vestes, Lucr. : doorposts proud u-itk 
 b. gold and .''polls, barbarico postes auro 
 spoliisque superbi, Virg. : v. fcreign. 
 
 barbarism: \. Jncoirect language : 
 1. barbaries, ei,/. ; a ivmaou/arb, 
 domestica b., Cic. 2, barbarisnius: 
 AucL Her. . Quint. ||. An uncivilized 
 condition : barbilria and barbiries, £i 
 (also more fully inculta barbaries. 
 Just.): to lay aside and .'often b., bar- 
 bariem deponere et niansuefacere, just. . 
 such is their b. that they do not under- 
 stand peace, tanta barbaries est ut pacem 
 non inlelliganl, Klor. (S.B. N'otbarba- 
 rismus, which is a barbarism in speech.) 
 Phr.: li 1.5 a mark of b., *barbaroniiB 
 est : considerable sagacity for a peipie 
 living in a state of b., •aliquantimi ut 
 inter barbaros prudentiae. |||. Bar- 
 ba rity ; q. V. 
 
 barbarity : 1. barbarla, barbaries. ei, 
 /. ; he extirpated their inveterate b.from. 
 the manners of the people of (iadet (with 
 ref. to baman sacrifices), inveteratam 
 
 65
 
 BARBARIZE 
 
 BARLEY-WATER 
 
 BARRICADE 
 
 barbariam ex Gaditanorum moribus de- 
 levit, Cic. ; V. babbarism._ 2. ferius : 
 V. FEROCITT. 3. immanis atque in- 
 humana crudelitas . v. crueltv. 
 
 barbarize : H h r. : to 6. a nation, 
 *nationem barbariei insuefacere ; ad b. 
 reducere ; mores feros atque inhumanos 
 teddere; efferare. v. to brutalize. 
 
 barbarous: I. uncivilized.' 1. 
 barbarus: a b. custom, b.mos, Hor.: the 
 b. AUotn-oges, Allubroges b., Cic: to 
 others he seemed unpolished and b., aliis 
 inhiimaniis ac b. videbatur, Cic. ; a b. 
 coiintr;/, b. pairia, Virg. 2. incultus 
 (not so strong us the preceding): nhat 
 could bemore uninviting than those coun- 
 tries ? ivhat nvn-e b. than their ton-ns f 
 quid illis terris asperius .> quid oppidis 
 incultius? Cic: v uNcrviLiZED. 3. 
 
 ferus : a b. mode of life, f. victus, Cic. ; 
 V. WILD. II. Cruel, feroi-ious : 1. 
 fgrus : an exceedingly b. and cruel enemy, 
 hostis nimis f ct immanis, Cic; the 
 Britons b. to strangers, Britanni hospi- 
 tibus f., Hor. : b. sacrifices, f. sacra, Ov. • 
 T. FIERCE. CRUEL. 2. immanis, e : v. 
 BAVAGE, MONSTROrs. (N.B. Not bar- 
 barus in this sense; except as cruelty is 
 an element implied in a barbarous or 
 uncivilized condition.) 
 
 barbarously: I. without refine- 
 ment : bai lii'ire to speak b , b. loqui, Cic. : 
 to hurt b. (like a barbarian), b. lardere, 
 Hor. II. Cruelly; q v crudeliter, 
 saeve. Join: inhumane atque crudeli- 
 ter; tanta saevitia alque crudnlilate. 
 
 barbarousness: v babbaritv, 
 
 barbed: 1. hamatus. a b. arrow, 
 h. sagitta, arundo, Ov. ; Cic. 2. ""■ 
 
 cinatus: v, hcwked. 3. uncus, a b. 
 hook. u. hamus, Ov 
 barbel: barbus: Auson. 
 barber: tonsor. Dionysius taught 
 his own daughters to act as barbers that 
 he might avoid trusting his neck to a b., 
 Dionysius ne tonsori coUum committHret 
 tondere Alias suas docuit, Cic: a b. that 
 cuts hair unevenly, inaequalis t, Hor. 
 A b.'s shop, tonstrina : PI. : Plin. : a fe- 
 male b., tonstrix, icis: PI. Mart.- a 
 little female b., tonstricula: Cic. Adj.: 
 of or belonging to a b, barber's, t«n- 
 sorlus: a b.'s tools, ferraraenta t., Mart. 
 a b.'s knije, culter t., Cic. : v. razor. 
 
 barberry: \. The plant: l. ap- 
 pendix, icis,/. : Plin. 2. spina appen- 
 dix- Plin. 3. *berberis vulgaris, Linn. 
 (also called *Oxyacantha, Pyxacantha, 
 Spina acida, Mayne). ||. The fruit: 
 bacca (appendicis) : v. frttit. 
 
 bard: I. -^ Celtic poet and mu- 
 sician; bardus Lucan; Amm. ||, 
 A poet , q. v. . vates. 
 bare (a4;-) •• I. Uncovered, naked • 
 1. niidus: u-itli b. head (bareheaded), 
 capite" nudo. Sail. : b. footed, nudis pedi- 
 bus, Hor.: b. benches, n. subsellia, Cic. : 
 she sat on the b. ground, sedit humo n., 
 Ov. 2. m6rus(rare). a b. /oot, pes 
 m., Tuv. Phr. : tolayb. the natures of 
 things, rerum naturas persecare, Cic; 
 reruranaturam e.xpandere, Lucr. : v. to 
 ITNFOLD. II. Destitute: nudus Cwith 
 abl. or gen.) : pieces b. of vegetation, 
 loca n. gignentium. Sail. : v destitute. 
 \\\, Mere, simple: 1. merus: no- 
 thing except b. hope, nihil nisi spes m 
 Ter. : the money was received mi his b. 
 word of honour, m fide accepta pecunia 
 est, Apul. 2. nudus the b. anger of 
 Caesar, n. ira Caesarls, Ov. : o names of 
 plMes, locorum n. nomina, Plin. |V. 
 Plain, unadorned ; of style . pressus 
 Cic. . Quint, v. plain, meagre. 
 
 bare ("•)-• 1- aperlo, fii, apertum, 
 
 4: he bd his head, caput aperuit, Cic. : 
 
 with b.d bosam, aperto pectore, Ov. 
 
 2, nudo, I ; to li the head, caput n., 
 
 Virg.-' to 6. si(0)-t/.s, gladios n.. Ov. : v. 
 
 rO tTKCOVER. 
 
 barefaced : impudens. Ph r. : a 6. 
 felloa', homo frontis utbanae, Hor. : you 
 are b. os pertricuisti. Cic. v. impudent, 
 
 UNDISGUISED. 
 
 barefacedly: impudenter: V.IMPU- 
 dbntlt. 
 barefacedness : impudentia v. 
 
 mSONTERT. IMPnDF.NCE. 
 66 
 
 barefoot, barefooted: 1. "udo 
 
 pede, or nudis pedibus . Hor. 2. 
 nudipes, pedis: 'lert. 3. discalcea- 
 tus : Suet. 
 
 bareheaded : v. bark (adj.). 
 
 barely (= scarcely) ; 1. exigue : 
 he had b. corn enough for 20 days, fru- 
 meotum ex. xx. dierum habebat, Caes. 
 
 2, vix ; V. SCARCELY, ONLY. 
 
 bareness: nuditas; stgrilitas: V. 
 
 NAKEDNESS, BARRENNESS. 
 
 bargain (SMb«.) ■• I. Agreement, esp. 
 to sell or buy : 1, pactio : to make a b. 
 about anything, p. de aliqua re facere, 
 Cic. 2. pactum: he adhered to the 
 terms and b., mansit in conditione atque 
 p., Cic. : b.s and agreements, p. conven- 
 taque. Sen. Phr.: to make a b., pacis- 
 cor, pactus. ;: to make an unfair b., 
 inique p., Cic: v. to bargain ; agree- 
 ment. II. A purchase, or the thing 
 bought: Phr,: he bought Che house a 
 goodb., domum bene emit, Cic: / shall 
 be very glad to return the bad b., mihi 
 maxime placet ea quae male empta sunt 
 reddi, Cic. : that purchase has proved a 
 bad b., •male evenit emptio ilia. 
 
 bargain (w.) •• 1. paciscor, pactus, 
 } : you may b. with him for a small 
 sum, p cum illo paulula pecunia potes, 
 PI. : he had b.'d for the province for 
 himself, provinciam sibi pactus erat, 
 Cic. : he b.'d for the return and safety 
 of all tlie jiroscribed, omnibus proscrip- 
 tis reditum salutemque pactus est, Li v. 
 2. depiciscor (depec), ? • he b.'d for 
 three farms for himself, iria praedia sibi 
 depactus est, Cic. 
 
 bargainer: pactor (rare): Cic 
 
 barge: I. a vessel of state ■ thaia- 
 megus: Suet.: Sen. ||. A flat-bot- 
 tomed vessel of burthen: 1. linter, 
 tris,/. (prob. the nearest word Hor. S. 
 I, 5, 20, calls the canal-boat drawn by a 
 mule by this name): v. boat. 2. 
 *navigium longum plana carina in- 
 structum. 
 
 bargeman: nanta (gen. term: ap- 
 plied by Hor. to the canal-b., S. i, 5, 
 
 19): V. BOATMAN. 
 
 barilla : I. The plant .- *salsola 
 kali : M. L. i|. The alkali produced 
 from it: *soda: M. L. 
 
 barium : *barinm or plutonTum . M.I>. 
 
 bark (subs.): |. Of trees- 1. 
 cortex, icis, m. and /. (the outer bark) : 
 Cic. : Virg. : smooth or rough b., c levis 
 aut scaber, Plin. 2. 'ftjeri l*". »"- 
 (the inner bark) : Cic : Virg. Peruvian 
 bark is *cortex Peruvianus, or simply 
 cortex . sometimes *cinchona, properly 
 the name of the tree, so called alter the 
 Countess del Cinchon at Lima, who was 
 cured by its use in 1628 (Mayne). ||, 
 Of dogs: latratus, us: to utter b.s, 1. 
 edere, Ov. - Virg.: Plin. Proverb. - 
 a cur's bark is worse than his bite, 
 canis timidus vehementins latrat quam 
 mordet. Curt. |||. A ship : ratis v. 
 
 BARQUE. 
 
 bark («•) ■• I. '^0 strip trees of their 
 i. : 1, decortico, i : Plin. 2. glubo, 
 } : Cato : Varr. : v. TO peel. ||, To 
 make the noise peculiar to dogs .- latro, 
 I : dogs b., canes 1., Cic. : to b. atastag's 
 Tiide, cervinam pellem I., Hor. F i g. : j/ 
 any one shall have b.'d at a man uorthy 
 of abuse, si quis opprobriis dignum la- 
 iraverit, Hor. : ' in this sense allatro is 
 more nsu. in prose: v. to bark at. 
 
 bark at: allatro esp. lig.: v. TO 
 
 RAIL AT. 
 
 barker : 1. latrator (= dotj) . Virg. - 
 
 Mart. 2. latrans, antis : Ov. 
 
 barking (subs.): |. a stripping 
 off of bark : decorticatio : Plin ||, 
 
 Of dogs : latratus, us : Virg. : Ov. : v. 
 bark (H.). 
 
 barley: hordeum: Li v.: ViT^.:u'in- 
 terbarley. cantgrinum hordeum: Col.: 
 b-meal, bordfiacca tarina, Cato: b.- 
 bread, hordeaceus panis, Plin. pearl b., 
 polenta: Plin.: Ov. ; ptisina- Cels. 
 Mart. 
 
 barleycorn : granum hordei. 
 
 barley-sugar • *alphanicum (Kr. 
 and Georg.) 
 
 barley-water ; plisana (a mess made 
 
 from barley): Varr.: Plin.: ptlsina- 
 rium (also applied to a decoction of rice, 
 Hor. S. 2, }, li?, plisinarium oryzae). 
 
 barm : femientum : V, yeast. 
 
 barmaid : 1. caupOnia anciUa (cf. 
 PI. Poeu. 5, 5, 19). 2, ministra cau- 
 ponae 'i.e. female innkeeper's servant) : 
 Cod. Just. 
 
 bam : 1. horreum : growing crops, 
 threshing floors, b.s, segetes, areae, hor- 
 rea, Cic. : to burst the b.s (of abundant 
 crops), horrea rumpere, Virg. 2, gra- 
 naria, orum, pi. : v. granary. 
 
 ba.macle : I. ^ mollusk . *pente- 
 
 lasmis anatifera : Leach. ||, A kind 
 
 of goose. *anser benicla : Fleming. |||, 
 
 in farriery : postomis, Idis, /. ; Gloss 
 
 IV. A kind of spectacles ; q. v. 
 
 barometer; *bar6metrum: M. L. 
 
 barometrical: *brirometricus. M. 
 L. P h r. : b. observations, *observati- 
 ones barometro factae. 
 
 baron: *baro, onis: M. Tj. (N.B. 
 This word should be used only vi-hen it 
 is necessary to specify precisely the 
 feudal or heraldic dignity ot baron : in 
 a general sense the nearest word is prin- 
 ceps, applied by r?.c. to chiefs amongst 
 the Germans inferior in dignity to 
 kings: Ger. 11.) In addresses he may 
 be called amplissimus et nobilissimus. 
 To create a baron, *baronis dignitate et 
 nomine omare. 
 
 baronage : I. The whole body of 
 barons : *baroiies, um : baronagium : 
 M. L. II, The rank of a baron . *ba- 
 ronia : baroniitus : JM . L. 
 
 barOTi^SS : *ba,r6nissa: M. L. 
 
 baronet: *baronetlus- M.L. 
 
 baronetage : I. The v hole body of 
 baronets- •baronetti, orum: .M. L. ||. 
 The rank of a baronet : *bar6netti dig- 
 nitas : M. L. 
 
 baronial: Phr.: a b. residence. 
 *baronis domus or villa: *b. privileges, 
 I jura baronum: v. baron. In looser 
 : sense perh. *v6tus atque opiilentus. 
 
 barony *bar6iiia : M. L. 
 
 barque: 1. navisparva, navtciila: 
 Cic. 2. ratis, is, /. (esp poet.) to 
 entrust one's frail b. to the pitiless ocean, 
 fragilem truci committerepelago r., Hor. 
 
 barrack, barracks : (nearest word) 
 castra, orum (ihis was the term applied 
 to the b. of the praetorian guaid at 
 Rome " cohortes una in castra condu- 
 cendo," Tac A. 4, 2) : also castra stat- 
 iva: Liv. : v. camp. 
 
 barrack-master: praefectus cas- 
 troruni (nearest term) : v. barrack. 
 
 barrel («"f'-''-) -■ I. a kind of cask, 
 ligneum vas circulis cinctum : Plin. 14, 
 21,2,. II. A tube- 1. tubus; a 
 
 gun-b., *sclopeti tubus : v. tube. 2. 
 fistula: V bore. III. A cylinder: cf- 
 lindrus or (.') fusus: the b. of a watch, 
 ♦horologii c or f. : ML. 
 
 barrel (»■) -■ i- *■ '" P^l *" barrels, 
 ligneis vasis condere, Plin. 14, 21, 27. 
 
 barren* 1. steriiis, e: a 6. cow, 
 s. vacca, Virg. : a b. plant, s. berba, 
 Ov. : b. fldds, s. agri, Virg. Fig.: a 
 lover b. of gifts, sterilis amator a donis, 
 PI.: a b. Fetn-uary, s. Februarius, Cic: 
 b. letters, s. epistolae, Plin. : a b. peace, 
 s. pax, Tac. : an age not so b. of virtues, 
 non adeo virtutum s. seculum, Tac 
 2. miicer, era, crum (v. lean): a 
 b.farm, m. agellus, Hor. : poor, b. soil, 
 solum exile et m., Cic. : 6. vineyards, 
 m. vineae. Col. 3. infelix (esp. of 
 that which is by nature unfruitful , q. 
 v.); Cic: Virg, 4. jejnnus (rare): 
 a b. field, j . ager, Cic : b. gravel, j. 
 glarea, Virg. H' 1 g. : a b. and narrow 
 mind, J. animus et angustus, Cic. : soli- 
 tary and b knowledge, solivaga cognitio 
 etj.,Cic. 5. exilis, e: v. meagre. 
 
 barrenness : sterllitas : the b. of 
 women and of trees, s. mulierum et ar- 
 borum. Plin. : tlie b. of fields, s. agronun, 
 Cic. Fig.: 6. of wit.sterile ingenium: 
 V. barren. 
 
 barricade (subs.): l. concaedes, 
 
 ium, f. (of felled trees): Tac: Aram. 
 
 2. *agger ex tarris, trablbus, lapi- 
 
 dibus ceterisque ejnsmodi rebus factua: 
 
 cf. Veg. i, 10.
 
 BARRICADE 
 
 BAS-R ELIEF 
 
 BATHE 
 
 barricade (») •• 1. pniesepio, sepsi, ! 
 
 septum, 4 : to b. the apfni/athes and 
 ronds with beams, aditiis atque itiriora 
 trubibus p.. Cae-s. 2. •agut-rcni in via. 
 pro ilonio, facere : cf. Veg. j, lo: v. to 
 
 liUK;K UP, OUSTBDCT. 
 
 barrier; 1. septum: theb.softhe 
 
 /o//'7(i, l(,ri septa, CIc. : to cun/liie irild 
 beasts b'/ b^. septis beluascontiiirre, Cic: 
 
 V. FKNCK, KNCUWtIRK 2. ^b'X. obicis, 
 
 and fibjicis, >n. and /. : burslimi its b.s. 
 objicibus ruptis. Virg. : a b. of rifh; ib! 
 saxi, Virg. 3. cancelli, omin (<i prat- 
 ing or lattice; q. v.): the b. in the circus 
 c. clrci, Ov. : Cic. 4. career. Cris. m. 
 (usu. plu. and only of the starting-place 
 in the rircui) : Cic. : Hor. : the horse let 
 go front the b.. aircere mi>sus equus, Ov. 
 5. claustni. onim (v. bar)' to liri-a'c 
 doivn the b.s 0/ shame and rcsfiect, cl.ius- 
 tra pudoris et rcverentiae refringere, 
 Plin. : th£ b.s of nature, naturae c, 
 Lucr. : tt/- b.s of nobility, c. nobilitatis, 
 
 Cic. : V. IIOUXDARY. 
 
 barrister: patronus, adv6catus: V. 
 
 ADVOCATE. 
 
 . barrow : |. a kind of vehicle : 
 (i) a hond-b., fercfitum : Liv. :"Suet. (ii) 
 a wheel-b. (>), pftbo: "vehiculmn unius 
 rotae," (;io.ss. Isid. ap. Korcell. 11 
 
 A castrateil hog: majalis: Van.: Cic*. 
 III. A miiuiid over a grave: tuniii- 
 lus: Cic. : Virg. 
 
 barter (i.): A. Trans.: 1. muto, 
 I (with ace. of the thing given and abl. 
 of tliat received in e.\cliange: also some- 
 times via' versa): to b.jjlunder fm- wine 
 •vilh tiaders. praeda.s ni. cinii nurca- 
 toribus vino, .Sail. : Hor. 2. paciscor, 
 pactus, j: to b. one's life for glort/', 
 fitam pro laude pacisoi, Virg. : v. to 
 BARGAIN, E.\ciiAN(; 1.. B. Intra n s. : 
 merces muiare, Hor. : res inter se mut- 
 are, Sail. 
 bMter {subs.): 1. mutatio: Ter. 
 2. perinfitiitio: Cic: Dig.; the in- 
 habitants oj the interior ewploii b., inte- 
 riores permutatione merciurn" uti'miur, 
 Tac: V to barter, exchange. 
 
 baryta (one of the primitive earths) : 
 •b.-iryla, barytes: also tenued "terra 
 punderiisa. 
 barytone : v. bass. 
 basalt: basaltes. is, jw..- Plin. (who 
 uses the term of a kind of Kguptian 
 marbie). 
 
 basaltic: *basaiticus. 
 
 . base (at/j.) ; I. tro/-//i /<■,•;.«.■ chiefly 
 m e.\pr. 6 moneu, nummi adulteiini, 
 
 Cic: V. COnsTERFEIT, FALSE. 11 
 
 Without mor.a ,ef., low, i.b.ciire. mean '■ 
 esp ot ancestiy : 1. hflmilis, e: Inn-n 
 of b. parentage, h. pareiiiibus natus, 
 Cic: b.-born, bumilis naius, Phaedr. 
 
 2. ignotus: v. OBScuitK, mean. 
 
 III. (irovMivg, abject: q. v.: ab- 
 jectns. |y_ 1,1 nioral sense, dl^grnce- 
 jul: turpis: no miv be'oines titterli/ b. 
 all at once, nemo repente fit turpissi- 
 nius. .Juv. : b. d<eds. u facta, Cic: v. 
 
 SHAMEKCL, DISHONOURABLE. y Of 
 
 musical tones, deep.giave: griivis, e- 
 a very b. sound, gravissimus sonus, Cic. ■ 
 
 V BASS. 
 
 base (.subs.): I. ne bottmi or 
 
 g-oimdwork of anything: J basis. 
 Is,./.; on the b. of the statue.'^.'in basi 
 statuarum, Cic: the b of a triangle,], 
 t> languli, Cic 2. basclla (a small b.) ■ 
 I "II. 3. spira (only of columns): 
 
 Vitr.: I'lin. Phr.: two rivers u ashed 
 the b. of that hiV, ejus collis radices duo 
 iluniina .suliluebant, t'aes. ■ v foot 
 FOUNDATION. ||. Mil,t. t. t. : 'base of 
 operations («r. i^iop^ij) : *ea regi'o 
 unde exercitui copiae cujusque generis 
 suppedilantur. 
 
 baseless (only used in fig. sense): 
 vanus. iiianis, cotimienticius, talsus : v. 
 
 C:RlltINDM.:sS, KMITV.IMAGINARV. Phr ' 
 
 the b. f abide of this mio/i. »inania hacc 
 sumi.'-inim commenta. 
 
 basely : turplter: to act riqhthi or 
 b., r.cio aut t. tacere. Caes. : / uill allow 
 you to do nothing b., le t. facere nihil 
 patior, Cic: v. me.4.kly, disgrace- 
 
 FtTLLV. 
 
 basement : ba.'fis, is, /. .• try has 
 
 completely covered the h. of the country- 
 house, hedera convestivit basim vlUae. 
 Cic Phr.: the b. story of a house, do- 
 mus tabulatum Innini v. basf.. 
 
 baseness : |. Meanness of origin . 
 hunillitas: b. (f Jamil y ami mime, h. 
 generis ac noml'ni.s. Suet.: v. MKAKNi-as. 
 II. Igniiminy, abjcctnrss: q. v. 
 Phr.: 6. of fortune and of life, sordes 
 fortunae et vitae. Cic "|||. In moral 
 sense turpitudo, Inis, /. : v. meakse-ss, 
 
 .-•HAMI FULNE.S.S. 
 
 bashaw : satrapes, is ; plu. satrapae ■ 
 
 V. SAl'KAf. 
 
 bashful : 1, vgrecundus : you are 
 too b., nimis v. es. I'l. : a man not too b., 
 homo non nimls v., Cic : a b. face., v 
 vultus, Ov. To he or to feel b., vCre- 
 cmidor, i (rare): Cic. (/u"int. £. pu- 
 
 dens: V. JU>l,|.>T. SHAMEFACED. 
 
 bashfully : verecumte : timidly or 
 rather b., timide vel potius v., Cic : v. 
 bli;siiivi;lv, M<ii>r:sTi.v. 
 
 bashfulness : 1. pudor : the h. of 
 a very modest Icui, adolescentull mode.i- 
 tlsslml p., Cic: v. modestv. 2. ru- 
 bor (lit. hlushivg ; q. v.): Cic. Liv. 
 3. vgrecundia: Caesar chided my 
 b. m asking faiiiurs, Caesar meam in 
 rogando V. ob,iurgavit,Cic.: b. in refus- 
 ing, v. negandi, Cic : b. is a fault in- 
 deed, but a loveable one, v. vitium qui- 
 dem sed amabile. Quint. (Note. I'udor 
 is mode.<:ty or the sense of shame in its 
 widest extent: verecundia, a modest 
 bashful regard for the feelings of others ■ 
 pudicitia isc/in.«<iYv.- rubor, lit. a blush, 
 is in its fig. sen.se equiv. to pudor.) 
 
 basil (a plant) : ocinnim : CVls. : Plin. : 
 villi IhisH, acinos, i,/. w cUnopSdion : 
 Plin. 
 
 basilica: b!isTlica(a building used 
 as a court of justice and as an ex- 
 change; subsequently as a church) : Cic. 
 
 basilisk: basIUscus: PUn. 
 
 basin: |. .4 vessel for vashiiig, 
 &C-: 1. pelvis, is,/, (derived by Varr. 
 from pedes, lavo; being used for the 
 feet): Varr.: Juv.: I'lin. 2. trulla- 
 
 Varr.: Juv.: v. pan. 3. tnilieiim 
 
 (./or washing the liands) : Varr. I..I.. ;, 
 2>. 4. aqu.iemiiniilis, is, in. or aqui- 
 minale, is, n. (only lor the haitds): Varr. 
 5. aqualis, is. c. g. (for the hand.'^) : 
 PI. II. A irscrroir: 1. labrum : 
 
 V irg. : a marhU b.. niannoreum 1., Plin. 
 2. castellum (onlv of iiqueducts) • 
 Vitr.: Plin. |[|. A diK:k ; q. v. : na- 
 vaha. ium. |V. Heog. t. t. : the b. of 
 a rirer, *regio cuius omnes aquae in 
 uniim fluviiim funduntur. 
 basis : basis, lundiimentuni : v. base, 
 
 KOrND.VTION. 
 
 bask : apricor, i : Cic. 
 
 basket : 1. caliithus (Cr. KaXa(>o<; ; 
 usu. of a b. frrr carryinq ladies' uorkinq 
 materials, foil eis, etc.): Virg.: Ov. : u 
 small b. of that kind, calathiscus: Cat. 
 2. canisirum (esp. in plu. and of 
 tho.se employed in sacrifice.':) Cic. : \'irg. i 
 3. cophinus (a larq'e nicker bii.'^ket) '■ I 
 Juv. : Col. 4. corbis, is, /. (= |,re- 
 ceding): a reaper's b. (i. e. for holding 
 the ear- of corn), c. mes.soria, Cic. : Ov."- 
 a !:m'ill h., corbula: PI.: Suet. 5. f,s- 
 cus (esp. a monry-baskel) : Cic. : Phaedr • 
 a smaller b. of the kind, fiscina: Cic ■ 
 Vug.: fi.scella: Tib.: Viri;. g. Qua- 
 luni and qualus (usu. of close wicker- 
 work). Hor. (of tt hidys Wiml-lnisket : 
 Od. f. 12, 4) : Virg. (of a larger, coarser 
 kind: G. 2, 241): a small b., quasillus 
 or quaslllum (= Gr. KiAatfw; Fe.st.) : 
 \ arr. : Cic. 7. sporta (a moderate- 
 sized, portable b.) : Cato : Plin. : a smaller 
 b. of the kind: sporlnla, PI.. Juv • 
 also sportella ((or fruit = jiottlc) : Cic! 
 
 basket-maker : corbium, caiaiho- 
 
 rum. eti-. tc.xtor 
 
 basking (subs.) .- aprjcatio : Cic. 
 bas-relief: 1. caelamen (of any 
 kiiKl of carved or chased work): Ov. 
 
 2. t6ri'um;i, alls, n. (of figm-es 
 cAosed on vases, plate, .Vc): Clc.":"S;ill. 
 
 3. anapiypta. orum : Plin. jj, 11, 
 49— N'.H. The last is the most exact 
 iind technical e.xpression: v. Plin. I c 1 
 
 V. RELIEF. ' 
 
 baas: In music: (I) adj. grivls, e. 
 a very deep b. tone, .sonus gravissimus 
 (as ODD. to f/ruils.'-imus), Cic. Ph r ■ tt« 
 lowest h. pitch, vox rcsonat quae clionlls 
 qiiatuorima, Hor. (ii) subr Phr ■ to 
 finy the b., *vocc Ima cantare (cf Hor 
 Od. I, }, 7), »gravi8 vocis partes sustiuere 
 (Kr.): losing b. to a <urK, •soclare vo- 
 cem gravem alicul canluifKr)- the b 
 qfan organ, •ti>tulae graviori> -oni ffiau' 
 ap.Kr.). 1%or,myh b., i.e.. the sciend 
 ojhannony. •concentus ratio, scientia. 
 
 bass-viol : t ides gravi,,rls soni (Kr ). 
 
 bassoon : *tibiagraviorisKoni- •irin- 
 grina major (Kr.). ' "* 
 
 bast: tilia: Plin. 
 
 .bastard (o/ij-)-. spurius: (,. stmt. g. 
 
 mil, (tbI.: Inst.: v. illegitimate 
 
 bastard (s«ft«.) ; nOthus (Cr. ,.<i«os) 
 the t,. of.Sarpcdon, n. Sarpedonis, Vint • 
 Quint.: V. BASTARD (a</;.). " ' 
 
 bastardize : *aiiquem noibnm ease 
 baud justa u.xore namm esse, dccernere •' 
 
 V. ILLE(.ITIHATE. 
 
 bastardy : *nothi s. fiiii baud justa 
 uxore nati, conditio. 
 
 baste: I. To beat; q. v • fuste 
 caedo. II. To pour butter, etc'., over- 
 •Girnem dum as-satur lardo aut butvro 
 perlundcre (or simply perfundere, when 
 the context fi.xes its meaning). 
 
 bastinado (subs.): no exact word- 
 the nearest, fustiarlum (a cud^jelling)'- 
 Cic: Liv. Phr.: to injtict the b.on 
 anyone: v. TO BASTniADE. 
 
 bastinade (v.): *plantas pedum fu8- 
 tilMis verberaie: v. To beat. 
 
 bastion : 1. turris projecta (cf. 
 \ itr. 15. 2). 2. propugt.aculum: 
 
 the n-alls uv.e strengthened, b.s were 
 added solidati muri, propugnacula ad- 
 dit.-». lac 3. castellum: a romjKirt 
 and numerous b.s, vallum crebraque 
 castella, Caes. ^ 
 
 bat : I. --I heavy, broad club for 
 playing: clava lusoria (v. clcb): Cic: 
 Ov. II. An animal: vespertllio, onis. 
 I »!..- Plin.: Macr. 
 
 I batch : i- e. prop, the whole quantity 
 of bread Laked at one time: (nearest 
 word) massa (prop, a quantity of dough 
 Jor baking) : " a little leaven ieavenelA 
 the whole b." (old K. V. of i Cor. ;. 6) 
 modicum fermentum totam m. fernien- 
 tatur, Vulg. : hence of other masses ac- 
 cumulated : the entire b. of comminuted 
 fys. tola m. comminutae fici. Col ii 
 15 : v. MAS.S, LtTMp. Phr.: "a whole b. 
 almost of the same leaveti " (Massinger- 
 V. Rich. Diet. .t. v.), *cuDcti fere ejusdem 
 farinae (cf. I'crs. 5, iij). 
 
 bate: v, to abate. 
 
 bath Owth the place for bathing and 
 the water): \. Ordinary : \ bal- 
 ngum or bSlingum (a pni-dle b.) .- c'lc .- a 
 small b., lialneSlnm : .Sen. 2. balngae, 
 arum or balnfa. orum (jmblic b.s) : the 
 b.s on the t'alatine. balneae Palatinae, 
 Cic: he changes his b.s:, mulat balnea, 
 Hor.: small b.s, baln«61ae : Cic: Plin. 
 3. balnfaria, orum (private b.s): 
 Cic 4, laviitio ((( b. in a house: esp. 
 the utensil) : the Uith was got ready. I. 
 parata est. Cic. : a .ti/ivr b., 1. argenlea, 
 Phaedr. ||. Kxiraordinary or s/irial: 
 1. thermae, arum (e.'^p. of large publlo 
 edifices, where every kind of convenience 
 and luxury for bathing was furnished: 
 y. I)ict. Ant. p. ii>5 6.).- .Sen.: Mart: 
 1 Im. 2. aquae (esp. of places having 
 n.itural facilities for biithing): Cic. 
 Varr. Phr.: a hot b., calda lavatio 
 (Vitr.); calida piscina (Plin. Kp.): a Hot 
 sueating b.. sudatio (Vitr ); sudatoriuia 
 (Sen.)- a.s.sa (Cic); laconlcum (Vitr.. 
 Cels.): a swimming b., natatio, Cela.- 
 Coel. Aur. (v. Diet. .Ant. s. v. balneae). 
 
 bathe: A. in trans.: 1. U- 
 vor, lautiim, hlvatum or lotum. i and } : 
 sons-in-law do not bathe ifith their 
 fathers in-law, cum soceris generi non 
 lavantur, Cic: Caes.: als«i In act. (wilh 
 ellipsis of se): Ter.: Liv. 2 per- 
 Ifior, lutus, } : they b. in riivrs, in flumi- 
 nibus perluuntur, Caes.: Hor. j 
 r r a n s. and usu. fig.: J. tingo', 
 iinxl. tinctum, j : tab. bodies in a nver, 
 flumine corpora t., Ov : to 6. a jewel 
 
 67
 
 BATHER 
 
 BE 
 
 BE 
 
 xoitli tears^ gemniam lacrimis t., Ov. : 
 to b. loith tiy/ii, luraine t., Lucr. 2. 
 perfundo, fudi, f ' sura, 3 : sweat b.d liis 
 bones and juintSi ossaque et artus per- 
 fudit sudor, Virg. : Plin. : v. to wash. 
 Phr. : to b. the bosom with tears, sinum 
 lacrimis impleri-, Virg. : to b. vne^s/ace 
 in tears, lacrimis opplere oa sibi Ter. : 
 her bright ei/es b.d in tears, lacrimis 
 oculos suffusa niteates, Virg. : (0 b. one- 
 self in tears, in lacrimas se effundere, 
 Tac; largos effundere fletus,Virg. 
 
 bather: qui lavat or lavatur: or, 
 esp, in j>/., lavantes. 
 
 bathing (-m6s.) : 1. lavntio: Pi. .• 
 Cic. (lotio, Vitr. , lotus, lis, Cels.). 2. 
 natiitio (enld h. and swimniinif): to 
 practise cold ft., frigidis n. uti, Cels. 
 Phr. : after b thing, a balineis, Plin. 
 
 bathing-place : esp. in a stream or I 
 by the sea 1. natatio : natural or 
 
 artificial b.s, naturales vel etiam manu- 
 factae n., Cels. 2. lavacrum; cf. Gell. 
 I, 2. 
 
 bathing-tub : 1. aWeus : Cic. 2. 
 
 labrum ; Vitr. 3. sOlium : Liv. 
 
 bath-keeoer: balngator; Cic: a 
 female b., balnSiitrix, ids : Petr. 
 
 bathos : *exitus (sermonis) ineptus 
 atque ridiculus, tanto hlatu indignus: 
 (?) fumus ex fulgore (cf. Hor. A. P. 14?) : 
 " parturiunt monies, nascetur ridiculus 
 mus," ib. 1J9. 
 
 baton : *scipio : Imperatoris insigne. 
 battalion: I. a body of infantry. 
 esp. regarded as part of a regiment : c6- 
 hors, cohortis, /. (v. cohort) • Caes : 
 Cic. II. An array in battle-array : 
 1. agmen quadratuni (formed in an 
 oblong sqioare) : Cic. : Sail. 2. S,cies, 
 ei,/ ; Caes. 
 batten : pascor .- v. to fatten. 
 batter («•) •• 1. puiso, i . tob. walls 
 with a ram, muros ariete p., Virg. 2. 
 pnlto, I (esp. in comic sense) : to b. 
 doors, fores p., Ter. : PI. 3, verbgro, 
 1 (with some explanatory word). An- 
 tony b 'd Mutina with artillery, Anto- 
 nius torment is JIutinam verberavit, 
 Cic. 4. f?rio, 4 : the walls were being 
 b.'d roith rams, feriebantur arietibus 
 muri, Liv. 5. percutio, cussi, cus- 
 sum, J (to shake by battering): although 
 the ram, has alreadii b.'d the walls with 
 effect, murum quamvisaries percusserit, 
 Cic. Phr.: to (i. (toicn, ariete, tormen- 
 tis, dejicere; destruere, stemere : v. to 
 DEMOLISH, UE-sTRov. — N.B. if the ref. is 
 to modem artillery, the most suitable 
 expr. is probably, lormentis oppuguare : 
 y. to assail. 
 
 batter (subs.) .• farina lacte, ovis, 
 aliisque rebus commixta. 
 
 battering-ram : arles, etis, m. (an- 
 ciently called equus, Veg.) : to bring tip 
 the b. against tiie walls, (muris) a. ad- 
 movere, Liv. 
 
 battery : I. a beating, assault ; 
 q. V. : vis. II, Milit. t.l. (i) a place 
 in which cannon ai e arranged : *agger s. 
 BUggestus tormentarius (Kr.). (li) the 
 cannon so arranged : *tormenta in ag- 
 gere s. suggestu disposiia. Phr.: to 
 form a b., *torraenta disponere, locare. 
 ill. An electrical battery : •machina 
 ad vim electricam excitandam (phiala- 
 rum Leideusium complexus, Kr. and 
 Georg ). 
 
 battle: 1. proelium (only of7n»7i- 
 tary engagements) : to join b., p. com- 
 mittere, Caes.: to fight a b.. p. facere, 
 Cic: to renew a b., p. redintegrare, 
 Caes. : to begin b., p. inire, Liv. : the b. 
 of fharsalus. p. Pharsalicum, Cic: a 
 disastrous b., p. calamitosum, Cic. ; ad- 
 versum, Caes. • a successful b., p. se- 
 cundum, Cic : Ov. 2. pugiia (the most 
 general term) : the horse-soldiers chal- 
 lenge our men to b., equites nostros ad 
 pugnam evocant, Caes. : a b. of cavalry , 
 equestris pugna, Cic. : the naval b. off 
 Tenedos. p. navalis ad Tenedum, Cic : 
 Caes. : b.s on land or sea, pedestres na- 
 valesve pugnae, Cic: pitched b.s, pug- 
 nae proeliares, PI. 3. acies, ei, /. (a 
 regularly fought field): in the b of 
 Pharsalus, in acie Hl)nr<:alica, Cic: to 
 (rive b., in aciem desceudere, Liv, 1' h r. . 
 68 
 
 to pre/>are for b., saga sumere, Cic. : 
 Liv.; ad saga ire, Cic. : Veil. : tlie b. 
 lasted from dawn till evening, a prima 
 luce ad vesperam pugnatum est, Caes. : 
 to give b.,in certamen de-cendere, Cic. 
 battle-array : acie8,ei,./'.; the b. of 
 the enemy was deserted, liostium a. cer- 
 nebat ur, Caes. : to draw up an army in 
 6., aciem instruere, Caes. : v. to draw 
 
 UP. 
 
 battle-axe: 1. b'pennis, is, /. 
 (with tiro edges) ! Hor. : Virg. 2. 
 s curis, is,/.; Virg. : Hor. 
 
 battle-cry: 1, cl'mor militum: 
 Caes. : Liv. 2. baritu.=, f.s {'■/ bar- 
 bai-i/ins) : Tac. : Amm. 
 
 battle-dore : *paimuia irsiiria. 
 battle - field : locus pugnae : v. 
 
 FIKLl) (II.). 
 
 battlement : pinna : to this ram- 
 part he added a breasttiwk and b.s, huic 
 vallo loricam pinnasque aiijecit, Caes. : 
 tlie b. of a wall, p. muri, Liv. 
 
 battue: *venationis quiddam genus 
 quo ferae una coactae atque conclusae 
 trucidantur. 
 
 bauble: .'bulla: cf. Juv. ij, }}■. v. 
 
 PLAYTHING, TRIFLE. 
 
 bawd: lena,/. .- Cic: Ov.: V. PAS- 
 
 DAR. 
 
 bawdry : lenoclnium : Pi. : Suet. : 
 
 V. OHSCEXITV. 
 
 bawdy ; obscenns : v. obscene. 
 bawl : 1. clamito, I : why are you 
 balding f quid clamitas ? Ter. : they 
 keep b.ing after me to return, clamitant 
 me ut revortar, PI. 2. proclamu, i 
 (to speak vocifei-ously) : Cic. : Liv. : V'irg. 
 3. vociferor, i : v. to shout. 
 bawler: 1, clamator: Cic. 2. 
 latrator : Quint. 3. proclamiitor (of a 
 speaker) ; Cic. 4. bucca (of a de- 
 
 claimer) : Juv. 
 
 bawling (subs.) : 1. clamor : v. 
 SHOUTrNG. 2. vociferalio (v. excla- 
 mation): Cic: Quint.— N.B. The full 
 sense of the Eng. word may be better 
 exp. with an adjunct : as, *clamor inde- 
 conis: to indulge in b., *nimia procla- 
 raatione atque vocis contentione uti. 
 
 bay (adj.) : 1. badius : Varr. 2. 
 
 helvus (light bay) : a light bay, a colour 
 
 of cows, helvus, color vaccarum, Varr, 
 
 3. spadix, icis (inclining to broun) . 
 
 Virg. (of horses). 
 
 bay (subs) : I. All arm of the sea : 
 sinus, us: the boy curves from the shore 
 to the city, sinui* ab litore ad urbem in- 
 flectitur, Cic. ; Virg. : Hor. : v. gulf. 
 II. A tree: \, laurga: Liv.: Hor. 
 2. laurus, i,/. .• Cic: Tib. (In ad- 
 dition to the bay, the ivy had with the 
 ancients the symbolical .sense of the 
 Eng word : doctarum hederae praemia 
 frontium, Hor). 
 
 bay. at : H h r. : to stand at bay, se 
 convertere et hostibus opponere (v. to 
 face) ; he stood at b., *constitit ad pug- 
 nam paratus: to keep the enemy at I)., 
 *hostes prohibere quominus propius ac- 
 cedant: to bring a nild beast tob.,*fe- 
 rani in au'riistiim deducere et ut se con- 
 vertat cogere. 
 
 bay (I'O- allatro : v. TO bark, bark 
 at. 
 
 bayonet (subs.) : *piigio sclopeto 
 praefigenda : to charge the enemy with 
 the b., iiifestis pugionibus impetum in 
 hostes facere (cf. Caes. B. C. J, 91) : 
 ♦praetentis pugionibus incurrere in hos- 
 tem(Kr.). 
 
 bayonet ("•) ■• *pugione fSdio, fodi, 
 fossum, J : the infuriated soldiers b.'d 
 all the prismiers, *iTi\li milites captivos 
 omnes pugionibus sclopetis praefixis 
 foderunt. 
 
 bay-window: *fenestrapromInens; 
 fenestra arcuata (only of a rounded 
 one) : V. projecting, arched. 
 
 bazaar : no exact word : perh. •fo- 
 rum rerum venalium s. mercium mi- 
 norum cujusque generis (Kr. gives sim- 
 ply lorum mercatorum, which would 
 rather be " an Exchange"). 
 
 bdellium ; bdellium (both the plant 
 and the gum produced from it) : Plin. 
 Veg. 
 be ; 1. Bum, fui, esse : A. t)e- 
 
 noting simple existence : (i) In a 
 simple proposition: there is a liver 
 A rar, flumen est Arar, Caes. : the most 
 worthless felloio of all who are, have 
 been, or sha II 6<',homo nequissimus om- 
 nium qui sunt, qui fuerunt, qui futuri 
 sunt, Cic, (ii) When a relative clause 
 follows, its verb is in the indic. when 
 it states a fact ; but in the ■<inbj. when 
 it expresses a mere conception, or im- 
 plies contingency : there are some who 
 do not dare to ,iait what they tliink, 
 sunt qui quod sentiunt non audent 
 dicere, Cic. (with reference to a rtain 
 persons): yet there are njfehces which 
 (^:z of such a kind that) we should be 
 willing to forgive, sunt Helicta tamen 
 (juibus ignovisse velimus, Hor. (iii) 
 The perfect tenses sometimes denote 
 the cessation of existence: we Trojans 
 have been, Troy has lieen, and the great 
 glory of the Teucrians, luimus Troes, 
 full Ilium, et ingens gloria I'euaorum, 
 Virg. : they have ceased to be, fuerunt 
 (Cic's announcement of the death of the 
 conspirators-), (iv) The dat. is often 
 used with sum to denote with what the 
 subject of the verb is connected or to 
 what it belongs : their private property 
 tvas scanty, privatus illis census erat 
 brevis, Hor, : the name of this jilace too 
 is Troy, Trojae et huic loco nonien est, 
 Liv. (concerning the double dat., v, 
 L. G. 5 29"). (v) The Latin verbis em- 
 ployed tUiptically =. to be the fact, to be 
 possible. Sec. : what do you « /sfe me to 
 say to you except what is the fact f quid 
 tibi vis dicam nisi quod est.? PL: what 
 you say, Laelius, is true, sunt ista, Laeli. 
 Cic. : there is no reo^son nhy ve should 
 say much, non est quod multa loquamur, 
 Hor. : which it is not possible to say in 
 verse, quod versu dicere non est, Hor. 
 
 B, In connection with attributives, 
 denoting a definite manner of being; 
 the verb being merely the logical copula : 
 (i) we are at leisure, otiosi sumus, Cic : 
 sometimes with an adv.: as, Mat enter- 
 prise was ' unsuccessful for the Volsci, 
 frustra id inceptum Volscis fuit, Liv. 
 (with an adv. however to be is often 
 expr. by habeo : v. infr. 4). (ii) When 
 a subs, and an adj. together are em- 
 ployed to describe, in connection with 
 the verb " be," they are in Latin put in 
 either the abl. or the yn. : let your 
 friends and mine be of good cheer, bono 
 animo sint et tui et mei familiares, Cic ■ 
 I confess that I have been too fearful, 
 spiritless, nimium me timiduni, nullius 
 animi fuisse confiteor, Cic. (iii) " To be 
 a duty, charactei~islic," &c. is often ex- 
 pressed by sum with a gen.: rashness 
 is charcvcteristic of youth, prudence of 
 age, temeritas est Horeiitis aetatis, pru- 
 dentia senescentis, Cic. : it is the duty 
 of a young man to respect his elders, est 
 adolescentis majores natu vereri, (jic. ; 
 I'tolemy nas subject to tlie will of others, 
 Ptolemaeus alieni arbitrii erat, Liv. 
 (iv) The objector result (in Eng. simply 
 a predicate) is somjtinies expressed by 
 a dat. dependent on sum (v. L. G. l,^ 
 296): you think that this country life 
 ought to be a reproach and subject of ac- 
 cusation, vitam banc rusticam tu probrc 
 et crimini putas esse oportere, Cic. 
 
 2. exsisto, sttti, stitimi, i ■ this is 
 (= arises : q. v.) chiefly the case in the 
 greatest intellects, id in maximis inge- 
 niis exsistit niaxime, Cic. : I fear that J 
 am too severe ton ards him, timeo ne in 
 eum exsisiam crudelior, Cic. : v. to 
 prove, turn out (iiUr.). 3. versor, i 
 (to go in and out amongst ; be engaged 
 or situated in any particular way) . 
 they saw that the enemy nere in our 
 camp, ho.-ites in nostris castris versari 
 videbant, Caes. : nor shall I be able tu 
 be among them nnthoul disgrace, nee v . 
 inter eos sine dedecore potero, (^c. : you 
 know not in what great distress I am, 
 nescis quantis in malis verser. Ter. : they 
 are now in peine, i Hi nunc in puce ver- 
 santur, Cic. 4. habSo. 2 (usu. withpro;t. 
 reflect. ; but the reflect, lorm is some- 
 times used ; and the verb may be em- 
 ployed as an impersonal : esp,of»uinn«r
 
 BE AMONGST 
 
 B EAR 
 
 BEAR 
 
 of being, and hence usu. with adv.) : he 
 teemed to be. nut itry ill, videbatur si^ 
 non gravitcr habere, Cic. : / am veil, 
 ego me bene habeo, Tac. : / long to know 
 how the matter it, scire aveo quomodo 
 res se babeat, Cic. : as is the case nith 
 most human affairs, sicuti pleraque 
 mortalium liabcntur. Sail. : it is utll, 
 bene habet, Cic. : you tell great neus, 
 hardly credibU.—and yet it is eren so, 
 magnum narras. vi.\ crediblle; — atqui 
 sic habet, Hor. P h r. . so the ntatter is, 
 ita dat se res, poet. ap. Cic. : just as the 
 time and circumstance might be, prout 
 tempus ac res se daret, l-iv.: they were 
 within a little of being Icilled, baud mul- 
 tura abfuit quin inlcrficerentur, Ijv. • 
 it would be tedious to relate, longimi est 
 (not essel) dicere, Cic. (For to be well 
 or ill, V. WKLL, ILL. etc.) 
 
 be amongst : 1. intersum, fui, 
 esse (with dat. or prep ) ■ v. i-resent at 
 (TO BE) 2. versor, l : v. to be, 3 
 
 — between : intersum (with jrrep. 
 orabsol.): that the Tiber might be b. 
 them, ut I'iberis inter eos interesset, 
 Cic. : the region which is 6., regio quae 
 i, Plin.; V. TO lie betw'een. 
 
 — in or upon: insum (with dat. or 
 in and abl.) : there were 800 gold pieces 
 in the purse, numi octingenti aurii in 
 marsupio infuerunt, PI. : nor is there 
 any ring ori the Jmgers, nee digitis aiiu- 
 lus ullus inest, Ov. : there is S(nue vice 
 in manners, vitium aliquod inest in 
 moribus, Cic. : in this man there not 
 not less truth, huic homini non minor 
 Veritas inerat, Sail. 
 
 beacb : acta, Utus : v. shore. 
 
 beacon: I. ^ /•"<' employed as a 
 signal . 1. ignis e sp<'cula sublatus 
 aut tumulo, Cic. 2. pracnuntiativus 
 ignis: Plin. From the context ignis 
 may sometimes suffice : Phr.: to stijnal 
 by means of beacons, ignibus signitica- 
 tionem facere. Caes. : beacons for direct- 
 ing the course of ships by night, noctibus 
 ad regendos navluni cursus ignes. Suet. 
 II. A light-house; q. v.: pharus. 
 
 bead : ' 1. bacca (poet.) : Ov. 2, 
 •globulus perforatus : v. globule. 3, 
 1 'articular kinds of beads (i) amber 
 fc.s, electra, suclna: v. amber, (ii) coral 
 b.s, coraliaoi'coralla: v. coral, (iii) b.s 
 of any kind of stogie or gem : *liipilli 
 perforati. (iv) the b.s of a rosary, 
 •calculi precatorii, Jan. ap. Kr. 
 
 beadle : I. -^" attendant on certain 
 tjfflcials: 1. apparitor: Cic. 2. ac- 
 census: Cic: Liv.; v. apparitor, at- 
 TEKDA>"r : university b.. 'accensus aca- 
 demicus: school b., *accensvis scholasti- 
 cus. II. A parochial officer • aedituus 
 (as keeper of the church, or sexton) -. 
 *mastig5ph6rus, Prud. (as a poliieman). 
 
 beagle: parvus tSnisvcnatlcus: PI. 
 
 beak: rostrum: (i) Of birds: birds 
 with a homy and long b., aves comeo 
 proceroque r., Cic. : Liv.: Ov. A little 
 b., rostellum : Col. : Plin. (ii) Of ships : 
 to damage ships with a b., navibus r. no- 
 cere, Caes. : the ship received the bloir of 
 the other's b. on its side, navis obliqua 
 ictum alterius rostri accepit, Liv. : Ov. 
 
 beaked : rostratus : a b. ship, i. e. a 
 ship of war, navis r., Cic. ; the b. proics 
 of ships, ora navium r., Hor. ; a b. 
 pillar, i. e. adoiiied with the beaks of 
 captured s/ii7'S,coliimna r., Virg. : Ijiiint. 
 
 beaker (dnnkivg vessel) : 1. pu- 
 culuni : V. ccp. 2. carchesium: Virg. 
 3. ciilullus : Hor. 
 
 beam (subs.) .- |. a large piece of 
 timber : 1, tipnum : above that place 
 they tlirew two transverse b.s, supra eura 
 locam duo t. transversa injecenmt, Caes. : 
 Hor.: a small b.. tifiillum : Liv.; Cat 
 2. trabs. trabis./. (^ometiraes com- 
 pacted of several ti<i)ia : and generally 
 larger) ■ timbers and b.s, tigna trabesque, 
 Lucr. :Caes. : Ov. 3. transtrum(prop, 
 of the cross-benches of ships) : Caes. : 
 Virg. : Vitr. Adj. : trabalis, e, beam-like : 
 a huge beam-like nail, clavus t., Hur. : 
 a b.-like weapon, t. telum, Virg. ||, 
 The a-ost-bcam of a loom : jQgum . Ov . 
 V. Diet. Ant. p. 1 too. ||| Tlie cro.':s- 
 bar fjf a balance: sc&pns: Vitr. |V. 
 
 A sufi-beam , 1. jubar, Sris, n. : Lncr. : 
 Ov. 2. radius or r. soils: v. ray. 
 
 beam (v.) : l. affulgeo (adf.), fulsi, 
 2 : thy countenance b.'d like the spring, 
 instar vcris vultus tuus affulsit. Hor. 
 
 2. rgfulgeo, fulsl, 2 : the auspicious 
 star b.s upon the manner, alba nautis 
 stilla refulsit, Hor 3. radio, i . the 
 b ing moon, radians Inna, Virg. 4. 
 rf-nideo : v. to (;leam, glitter. 
 
 beaming (urfj) ■ IQcldus, nltens : V. 
 
 BRH;MT, >HININ<i. 
 
 beaming (si'f") ■■ 1. radlatio: tte 
 b. if the sun, sulis r , Finnic. : the b. of 
 marble, marmoris r., Plin. 2. nltor : 
 
 V. BItI(iHTXES.S. 
 
 bean : 1. f3ba (? tlie broad bean : 
 lint the precise kind is uncertain- both 
 of tlio plant and its seeds, which were 
 used as ballots): Cic: Hor. Phr.: 
 tlie b. harvest, niessis fabacea. Pall. : a 
 crop (f b.s, fSbalis seges, Varr ■ b. stalks, 
 fabales stipulae, Ov. ; or tibalia, ium: 
 Cato : Plin. 2. phfiselus, m. and /. 
 (the French or kidney b.): Virg.: OjI. 
 
 3. c^horia (the Egyptian b.): Apul. 
 
 4. cyanius, i, m. : Plin. 
 
 bean trefoil: anagjros, i, /. : Plin. 
 
 bear (!'•)• I. To support, sustain, 
 carry: fero, tull, latum, lerre, ; (irr): 
 they Here able to b. arms, anna ferre 
 poterant, Caes.: to b. a coipse upon one's 
 shoulders, cadaver hnmeris f., Hor. . 
 uhither the wind bore them, quo ventus 
 fiTebat, Caes. Fig.: to b. the burthen 
 (if old age, onus senectutis f., Cic. : to b. 
 an attack, impetum f., Caes. Fig.: to 
 b. the bell (lil. palm), palmam f., Hor.: 
 Cic. : V. to caurv, sustain. ||. To 
 unckrgo, submit to: 1, fSro, j: to b. 
 a loss with resignation, detrimentum 
 aequo aninio f., Caes.: the youth has b. 
 and dime many things (to obtain the 
 prize), multa tulit fecitque puer, Hor. : 
 should I, who have never borne the inso- 
 lence of the most powerful men, b. that 
 efthis mtniaZ' qui potentissimorum ho- 
 minum contumaciam inmquam tulerini, 
 ferrem liujus asspclae ? Cic. 2. per- 
 fero, J (to b. through ; or patiently) : to 
 b. cold, hunger, thirst, friirus, famem, 
 sitim, p., Cic. : often along with patior- 
 as, to endure, to b., not to succumb, pati, 
 p., non succumbere, Cic. 3. potior, 
 passus, J : v. to suffer, endure. 4. 
 sulfero (rare): to b. the punishment of 
 a crime, poenam sceleris s., Cic. : / will 
 b. toil, heat, thirst, laborem suflferam, 
 solem, silim, I'l.: vines b. winds and 
 rains ivitliout injury, vites valenter s. 
 ventos et imbres. Col. 5. acciplo, 
 
 cppi, ccp turn, J (only in certain phr.): 
 tob. the rein, frenum a., Virg. : to b. an 
 insult, tontumeliam in se a., Ter. : v. 
 infr. (VI.). III. To wear, have, be dis- 
 tinguished by, etc. : 1. fgro, j : to b. 
 a name, nomcn f., Cic. : Hor. : this was 
 the end of Appius b.ing an assumed cha- 
 racter, ille finis .\ppio alienae personae 
 ferendae fuit, Liv. 2. gero, gcssi, 
 gestum, } : to b. a character, i. e. to play 
 a part, personam g., Cic. |y. To lie 
 liable to pay : 1. sufTero, j : to b. ex- 
 penses, sumptus s., 'I'er. 2. I>racsto, 
 siiti, stitum, i : to b. a loss, damnum p., 
 
 Cic: V. RESPONSIBLE, TO BE. V. ^' 
 
 entertain, cherish: q. v.; giiro, j : they 
 bore especial hatred to the Homans. prae- 
 cipuum In P.onianos gerebant odium, 
 Liv. VI. To admit, be susceptible of : 
 recipio, cepi, ceptum, j : the affair will 
 not b. further delay, res non ultra r. 
 cunclatioiiem, Liv. y||. To bring 
 forth, produce; q. v. : 1. pario, pepcri, 
 partum, j : she wlio bore you was like 
 you, quae te peperit talis quails es ipse, 
 fuit, Ov. Cic 2. fCro, i : the earth 
 b.s crops, terra fruges f., Cic. : a fierce 
 liimess (c/7e thee, te saeva leaena tulit, 
 lib. 3. f;6ro, J : the earth b,s the 
 violet, violani terra g.. Ov. : barren 
 planes hare borne apples, steriles pla- 
 
 ; taiii malos ge.ssere, Virg. : v. to yield. 
 M i s c e 1 1. Phr.: ne were able to bear 
 all our allies harmless, omnes soclos 
 salvos praestare poteramus, Cic : bear 
 
 I a hand, companions, adeste, comites ; 
 or opem ferte, comites (v. to aii>) : to b. 
 
 witness: tester: v. WITNESS: to b. ooirir 
 pany ; cOmTior: v. com pan v : to b. a 
 pri'C; V.PRICE: tob. date; v. date. 
 
 bear away or off: 1. aufero. 
 absmll, ablatum, j: to b.away the credi'. 
 of anything, tamani alicujtu rei a., Hor. . 
 V. TO CARRY AWAV. 2. ffro, ?: he 
 ha.\ already boi ne off the prize in Ihii 
 contest, iste tulit pre i ium Jam nunc cer- 
 taininis hujns, Ov. . he b'jie off the arms 
 (of Achilles), tulit arma, Ov. Fig. • he 
 b.s off' all the praise, omne tulit pimc- 
 tum (lit. every vote), Hor. 
 
 down : |. T r a n s. : to orer- 
 
 poicer : opprirno. pressi, prcssum, j : I 
 am borne down by the weight of respon- 
 sibility, onerc officii oppnmor, Cic. : v. 
 TO WEIGH 1.0WN. ||. I n t r. : to en- 
 deavour to come up ntth, esp. by sea; 
 1. contendo, dl. sum and tum. j : v. 
 I TO HASTEN. 2. curro, cucurri, cur- 
 sum, J (with compounds Incurro ^wlth 
 hostile sig.], accurro, concurro; the la^t 
 ', of the action of .'!ere7-a/persu!isor things) : 
 ■ all the ships boredoitii to the a^sistancr 
 j of their countrymen, omnes naves ad 
 j operam fercndam suls concurremni, 
 j Liv. : fig., envy bore doim upon the 
 ' captain of the plan, invidiam In caput 
 consilii incurrere, Liv. 3. appropln- 
 j quo, I : and now the Homans neie b.ing 
 down upon them (with their fleet), ct 
 ! Jam Romanns appropinqualxat. Liv. : v. 
 TO APPROACH. 4. cursuni In aliquem 
 dirigere, contendere . Liv : v. iorR.sE. 
 
 off: V. TO BEAR AWAY (tupr.). 
 
 out : I. L i t. : to carry out ; 
 
 q. V. : effero, }, irr. ||. Fig.: io sup- 
 port: praesto, 1 : v. to warkant. 
 
 to or towards : I. T r a n s. : 
 
 to bring to . q. v. : afffiro, J. irr. ||. 
 Intr. : to direct one's course towards : 
 V. to beak down (IL). 
 
 up: I. Trans.: tosupport: 
 
 q. V. • sustineo, 2. ||, Intr.: to main- 
 tain one's spirit, endure: 1, obsisto, 
 stiti, siitum, J (with dat): to b. up 
 under pain, dolori o., Cic. : to b. up under 
 the heat of the sun, o. I'hoebo, Ov. : 
 V. TO RESIST. 2. sustineo, tinui, ten- 
 I tum, 2: to b. up with dijkully under 
 the Height of armour, vix arma s., Liv. : 
 to b. up under present ills, mala prae- 
 sentia s., Cic. : v. to endure. 
 
 ■ upon («'"''■•) •• I. Of missiles, 
 
 artillery, etc. . to strike, affect: Phr.: 
 he at length got his artillery to b. upon 
 the enemies' ships, 'tandem tomienta ita 
 disposita babuit, ut tela eonim in naves 
 hostium inciderent, or naves hostluni 
 ferirent: to bring a battering-ram to b. 
 upon theualls, arietem muris admovere, 
 Liv. II, To have reference to; q. v.: 
 pertineo, 2. Phr.: to 6. loo hard uprni 
 any one, acerbius in aliquem Invehl, Cic. 
 
 with : i. P- to put up i.ith, '11- 
 
 dure in a Jriendly nay: 1. moreni 
 gfro, gessi, gestum, j : ah! b. with me, 
 ah ! gere morem mihi, PI : you must b. 
 with the young men, gerendus est tilii 
 mos adolesceutibus, Cic. : v. to iitrsiouR, 
 coJiPLY WITH. 2. ffiro. ? (Ipss Strong 
 than the preceding): lam full of joy; 
 b. with me, gaudeo; fer me! Ter.: 
 rrhom should one b. u-ith if not his own 
 father? quem lerret, si parentem non 
 ferret suum? Ter.: who uould b. with 
 a lad, if he weie to pronounce un opi- 
 niont quis ferat puerum, si Judlcetf 
 Quint. 
 
 bear (subs.) : |. An animal ; ursns, 
 m. : Hor.: Liv.: Plin.. ursa, /. out 
 sometimes without reference 10 sex) 
 Virg. ■ Ov. Phr.: bears bbiod, sangui 
 ursiims. Col. . bear's grease, adeps ursi- 
 nus, Plin. ||. A constellation : (I) the 
 double constellation, consisting of the 
 Great and the Little Bear: 1. arctos, 
 i,/. .• Virg. Ov. 2. septeiitriones. 
 um, m. ; etc. : Ov. 3. triones. um, 
 
 »i. ; Virg. : Ov. (11) the separate con- 
 stellatitms- the Great Bexir i ursama.lor: 
 Ov. : Suet.: major septentiio: Vitr.: 
 the Little Bear : ursa minor : Ov. ; Suet, : 
 minor septentrio : Cic. |||. A rough, 
 morose person: 1. homo aprestls. 
 
 Cic. 2. homo durlor et oratione et 
 moribus: Cic 
 
 69
 
 BEAR S-BREECH 
 
 BEAT 
 
 BE ATI NO 
 
 bear'S-breecll i (a plant): acanthus, 
 
 bear's-foot S '. »'• ■■ Virg. : PUn. 
 
 bear's-WOrt (a plant) .- meum (atha- 
 manticutn): I'lin. 
 
 beard («"/«.) . I. Of men or 
 other animals; 1, barba. to let the 
 o. ffrow, b. promitt«re, Liv. : to trim 
 ttie b., b. tondere, Cic. : to siMve off the 
 b., h. abradere, Plin. : the first 0., b. 
 prima, Ju». : to pluck a man by the b., 
 hommi barbam vellere, Hor. : a b. 
 combed (or hanging) don-n over the 
 breast, propexa in pectore barba, Virg. : 
 the b.s of he-goiits, barbae hircorum, 
 Plin. 2. barbula (a small or young 
 b.) : Cic. : Plin. 3, meiitum (includ- 
 ing the loirer part of the face: v. chik) , 
 the king's grey 6.,"inc;m"a menta regis, 
 Virg. : Plin. 4. lanugo . i. e. the first 
 dovm of the bf-ard; v. down. ||, Of 
 plants; 1. barba the b. of nuts, b. 
 nuciim, Plin. 2. arista (of corn = 
 aum) : Varr. : Cic. 
 
 beard (>-'■) •• I. ^o -""''^^ ^.V **« beard : 
 Darbam alicui vello, vulsi, vulsum, j; 
 Hor. II. To dffi/ oprnl y : Phr. ; the 
 people b.'d its kings, populus regibussuis 
 contumax erat. Sen. : to b. a lion in its 
 den, leoni in latebra sua obviam ire (?). 
 
 bearded : 1. barbatus ; b. Jupiter, 
 Jupiter b., Cic. ; Hor.: o b. h/'goat. b. 
 hirculus. Cat. : 6. mullet, b. mulli, Cic. ■ 
 a b. nut. b. nux, Plin. 2. barbatulus 
 (iim. and implying coxcombry): b. 
 young men, b.juvenvs, Cic. 3. inton- 
 sus(i. e. unshaven; 7Xi(;<.) : our b. an- 
 cestors, intonsi avi, Ov. : b. Cato, i. Cato, 
 Hor. (Apollo also has the epithet, being 
 ever young and unsharen: Hur.). 
 
 beardless : 1, imberbis, e : Apollo 
 ^ras b; Apollo i. erat, Cic. : a b. youth, 
 i. juvenis, Hor. 2. intonsus: poet, 
 epithet of Apollo: cf. iieardek (3). 
 
 bearer ; I. 'f gt^n- sense ; porter, 
 carrier, q. v : bajuliis. ||. The b. of 
 a iiWer. lecticarius ; Cic: Snip, ad Cic. 
 Ill, Tkeb.of a corpse: vespa, ves- 
 pillo (but only of the i-ery poor: In the 
 case of the rich, friends or relatives acted 
 as b.s ; Diet. Ant. p. 559 a). Phr.; to 
 hire b.s for a cxnpse, cadaver portandura 
 locare, Hor. Sat. I, 8, 9: they exclaim 
 ttiat his corpse should have senators for 
 b.s, conclamant coipus ad rogum humeris 
 seualorum ferendum (efferencJum), Tac. 
 bearing («"''«)•■ I. Conceyance: 
 expr. by part of fero. ||, desture, 
 mien; q. v.- gpstus. |||, KekUive 
 tit aa tion, eip in navigation. Phr.- we 
 observed the bearings (;/' the lighthouse, 
 *animadvertimus in quam regioiiem 
 pharus spectaret ; or quem silum habe- 
 ret: V. ASPECT, srTUAiioN. |V. -Ke- 
 hxtiim, lefeience; q. v. Phr.. this ar- 
 gument has no b. on the subject, hoc 
 argumentum nihil ad rem periinel: v. 
 TO RELATE. V, iu heraldry : insignia; 
 
 V. ARMS. 
 
 bearish. : aerestis, morosus • v. rcbe. 
 
 bear-warden : 1, Arctopiiylax, 
 icis, m.. : the b. commonly cuUtil the 
 waggoner, A. qui vulgo dicitur Bootes, 
 Cic. 2. Bootes, ae, m. (strictly the 
 ivaggotier) : Cic. I. c. : Ov. 3. 'custos 
 nrsarum (lit. trans, of 1). 
 
 beast: I '■'" i national animal: 
 1. beliia (bellua): (e.-.p. applied to 
 Ja»<;'- animals) : of b s none is mure sa- 
 gacious than thr elephant, elephanto be- 
 luarum nulla prudontior, Cic: tlie na- 
 ture of man suipasscs that of cattle and 
 other b s, niit\ira honiinis pecudibus reli- 
 quisque beluls antecedlt, Cic. : a savage 
 b., b. saeva, Hor. Fig.: avarice, a uihl 
 b., avariiia b. fera. Sail. 2. bestia 
 (esp. o{ savage b.s) : if this is apparent 
 in b.s. Iiniv much more in nuin;' si hoc 
 apparet in bestiis, quanto niagis in ho- 
 niine i" Cic. : to smd any one to the vild 
 b.s, i. e. to compel liim to light with them 
 in the arena, ad bestias aliqueni niit 
 tere, Cic : to condemn In fight irith the 
 b.s. ad bestias condemuare. Suet. 3, 
 ffira (prop, an alj. with the ellipsis of 
 bestia : hence, a " ild beast, esp. as game ; 
 <l. V.) ! Cic. : Caes. : Hor. Ix'ss freq., 
 Rrus, masc. : Phaedr. i, 21, 8 : Virg. 
 Adj. fgrinus ; of viild 6.S, pertaining to 
 70 
 
 wild b.s : the flesh, of wild b.s, f. caro. 
 Sail.: the slaughter of wild b.s, cacdes 
 ferina, Ov. 4. bestTota (a little b., an 
 insert) i Cic. 5. p6''>s, fidis, .A : v. 
 BRUTE, CATTLE. 6. jiimoiilum (b. of 
 burthen, but not tlie ox) : b.s of burthen 
 and icaggons, jumenta et curri, Caus. : 
 b.s of burthen and oxen, jumenta bo- 
 vesque. Col. 7. arnientum (b. of 
 
 draught, esp. an ox : also a herd : 
 q. V.) : Cic : Tac. ||. A brutal man : 
 1. beliia (bell.) : come mm', you b., 
 do you believe u hat he says j~' age nunc, 
 b., credis huic quod diait? Ter. 2. 
 bestia : you are a hoirid b., mala tu es 
 b., PI. 3, pecus, udis./. (oiJe(MWta?i.v 
 insensible) ': the plan of that b., istius 
 pecudis consilium, Cic.j v. bkute. 
 beastliness: obscgnltas: v. filthi- 
 
 NESS. 
 
 beastly : obscemw v. filthy. 
 
 beat (.v.): A- Trans. : |, To 
 strike: (i.) of persons : 1. caedo, 
 cecidi, caesum, j (to b. so as to bruise 
 or cut) : to b. any o»ie u-ith the fsts, ali- 
 queni pugiiis c, PI. : tliey were beaten 
 to death villi rods, virgis ad necem 
 caesi sunt, Cic. 2. concido, j (6. 
 
 severely) : to b. a man severely with 
 rods, hominem virgis c., Cic. : Juv. 
 
 3. mulco, I (to handle roughly, 
 maul) : he b. the master himself and 
 all his slaves, ipsum dominimi atque 
 oranem familiam niulcavit, Ter. : they 
 ivere sei-erely beaten with clubs and 
 sticks, male mulcati sunt tlavis et fus- 
 tibus, Cic. 4, verbero, i : lictors well 
 practised in b.ing men, lictores ad ver- 
 berandos homines exercitatissimi, Cic. : 
 Suet. 5. pulso, I (including all kinds 
 of knocking about : whereas verbero 
 properly means verberibus caedere, to 
 scourge): to b. and scourge men, ad 
 pulsandosverberandosque homines, Liv 
 
 6. In pass, vapiilo, l (to be beaten) : 
 I was hired to cook, not to be btafr/i, 
 coctum non vapulatura conductus fui, 
 PI. : to be beaten ri.-ith cudgels, fustibus 
 vapulare, (^uint. Fig.: to be beaten 
 (i. e. lashed, abused) by the speecli of 
 all men, omnium sennonlbus vapulare, 
 Cic. (ii.) both of jiersuns and of things . 
 
 1, pulsii, I (the most common 
 word): to 6. the ground with the foot, 
 ttrrara pede p., Ov. : Hor.: the {moun- 
 tain) top is beaten with wind and rain, 
 caput vento pulsatur et imbri, Virg. . 
 to b. tlie air with hoofs, p. calcibus 
 auras, Sil. : to b. the doors, fores p. Ov. : 
 also aic'mi'c^, in lorni pulto: he b.s his 
 bnast with his fingers, pi-ctus digitis 
 pultat, PI. 2. tuiido, tutiidi, tunsum, 
 and tusum. ; (esp. with a noise of strik- 
 ing) : to b. the breast with the hand, pec- 
 tora manu t., Ov. ; to b. the ground with 
 the foot, terram pede t., Hor. : to b. the 
 hoarse cymbals, cymbala rauca t.. Prop. 
 
 3. paxio, 4 (rare) : the sea b.s the 
 sand, pavit aequor arenam, Lucr. : to b. 
 the eaHh, terram p.. Cic. (only in an 
 etymological passage). 4. plango, 
 
 plan.\i, planclum, ; (chiefly poet, and 
 with reference to the sound produced) ■ 
 the leaves b.ing tlie rocks, fluctus plan- 
 gentes saxa, Lucr. : to 6. a timbrel vith 
 the hands, tympana palmis p.. Cat. 
 Phr.: they n ill b. you black and blue. 
 te pinsent pigmeiuis ulmeis, PI. : to h. 
 a retreat, sigimm dare receptui, Liv. ; 
 also, receptui canere, Caes. . Cic. ||. 
 To defeat (q.v.) : 1. supero, I : In as 
 not lieaten by him (of Hector and Ajax), 
 hand sum superatus ab illo, Ov. . v. 'o 
 ovERCOMK. 2. pello, pepiili, pul- 
 
 sum, 5 : the army ivas b.en by the Uel- 
 vetii, exercitus ab Helveiiis pulsus est, 
 Caes. : Cic. : to b. far greater forces of 
 the enemy, niulto majores adversariorum 
 copias p., Nep. : v. TO BOtJT, vanquish. 
 
 B. In trans.: 1, palpito, i 
 the heart b.s. cor p., Cic. 2, salio, ii, 
 saltum, 4 (usu t)f more violent motion): 
 my heart b.s vinlently, cor s., PI. . iHie 
 veins b., venae s., Ov. r v. to throb. 
 
 3. emioi, ui and avi, atum, j: the 
 region whi-re the heart b.s, locus qua 
 cor emicat. Veil. Phr.: you stated the 
 sim^ fact plainly, and did not b. 
 
 about the Imsh, aperte ipsam rem modo 
 locutus, nihil circuitiune usus es, Ter.: 
 what occasion is there to b. about the 
 bush ? quid opus esi circuitione et am- 
 fractu ? Cic. 
 back or off: repello, ablgo: 
 
 V. TO D1I\ E BACK. 
 
 down : I. '/"o strike doum : 
 
 1. dejicio, jeci, jectum. j : the baU 
 lista b.s down the wad ballista d. 
 murum, Auct. B Hisp. Fig.: to b. 
 any one dmrni from his position, ali- 
 queni de statu (suo) d., Cic. (Sometimes 
 appy. intrans. in Eng. : as, the winds b. 
 doHj? from the lofty mountains, venti 
 praealtis montibus se d., Liv.) 2. 
 sterno, siravi, str.atum, j (tolayjlat): 
 the walls were beaten down with the ram, 
 muri ariete strati .sunt, Liv. : the crops 
 are beaten donn to tlie ground, sternuu- 
 tur segetes. Virg- v. to level. ||. 
 Fig.: to ch'a]Kn in buying : aliquid ex 
 sumnia (preii.)) detrahere, Cic. Att. lo, 
 ^,fin. : he ivanled to b. down the price, 
 voluit minoris emere : v. to bov. 
 
 in or into : A. T f a n s. ; 
 
 1. Lit. ; 1. perfringo, fregi, fract- 
 um, J : to 6. in gates by force, portas 
 vi p., Lucan; to b. in a man's skull, 
 ♦alicui caput p. ; v. to break through 
 
 2. illido, si,sum, j: the prow beaten 
 in (by the rocks), prora illisa, Virg.: he 
 b.s in his skull with the cestus. and 
 dasher out the brains, caestus effracto 
 illisit in ossa cerebro, Virg. ||. Fig.: 
 to b. anything into one: v. to incul- 
 cate. B. Intrans.: to force a way 
 in : esp. of wind, rain : the rain b. 
 into the house in tonents, *imber se in 
 aedes effusis aquis immisit. 
 
 in pieces : 1. contundo, com- 
 
 ralrmo : v. to i!ke.\k in tieces, pound. 
 2. elido: V. TO dash in pieces. 
 
 out : I. '/'<' drive out by 
 
 beating: esp. of corn, etc.: exciilio, 
 extero v. TO thresh out. Phr.: J 
 ivill b. out the fellow's brains, homini 
 cerebro excutiam, PI. : v. to dash out. 
 II. To make thin by beating : 1, 
 extendo, di, sum and turn, j (with 
 malleo) : to 6. out parchment with a 
 hammer, ex. malleo chartani. I'lin. : to 
 b. out gold very thin, •aurum ad subiil- 
 issimam tenuitiitem malleo extenders. 
 2. malleo ifnuo, i : Plin. 3. 
 procudo : 1. e. to forge : q. v. 
 
 UP : Phr.: to 6. up food with 
 
 eggs, cibimi ovis obligare, Apic : to b. 
 up the enemies' quarters, castra hostium 
 e.\ iniproviso adoriri (v. to attack) : 
 to b. up vigorously for recruits, •milites 
 sunmia diligenlia conquirere. 
 
 upon: 1. d^icio, Jeci, jec- 
 tum, { (with rtfi. pron.): hcul not such 
 a deluge of rain b. upon them, ni se 
 tanta vis aquae (in eos) dejecisset, Liv. 
 2. ingruo, j : the rain and hail 
 b.ing vehemently upon them, *ingruente 
 imbre et grandine : the iron shotver bs 
 upon them, ferteus In. imber, Virg. 
 Phr.; the wave b.s upm the shore, fluctus 
 se in litore illidit, yumt. : the ninds came 
 and b. upon that house, and it fell, ve- 
 nerunl venti et irruoruiit in domum 
 illam et cecidit, Vulg. Matt. vii. 27. 
 
 beating (subs.): |. In gen.; a 
 
 Strikiig : 1. ictus, ils to move 
 
 to the ft. of feet in rhythm, ad ictus 
 nioilulanium pedum mover!, Plin.: to 
 shake windows with > e/ eated b., iclihua 
 creliris quatere fenestras, Hor. : v. blow, 
 stroke. 2. plancttis, iis (chiefly of 
 the breast, as a mark of grief): Sen.: 
 Tac. 3. plangor (in the same sense); 
 Cic: Virg. 4. percussio ((^'<toi<!, in 
 music): Cic: Quint. 5, percussus, 
 us . tlie b of the veins, p. venarura, 
 Plin. 6. palpitatio (of the heart): 
 p. cordis, Plin. ||, B. of a person: 
 
 verl)f ra, um, n. (lit. blows) : this fellow 
 will get a b., huic homini parata erunt 
 v., Ter. : to give any one a b., aliquem 
 verberitnis caedere, Ter.: also simply, 
 verberii v. to beat. flog. To get a 
 6.. vapiilo, I . v.To BEAT. Phr.; Wliat 
 ab. I would have given you, had I not 
 been angry, quomodo te accepisecm nisi 
 iratus essem, Cic.
 
 BEATEN 
 
 BECOME 
 
 B ED-CHAM BEB 
 
 beaten : trltus (only of roads) • a b. 
 road, t. Iter or t. via, Cic. 
 
 beatific : beatlficus • Apul. • Aug. 
 (But tor the most part l>eatus may 
 better be used.) 
 
 beatification : in beatorum imme- 
 nim aMTiptlo. 
 
 beatify : i. To bleu, make happy : 
 q. V. . beo. ||. t. t. in the l{omish 
 
 Church : in Dunierum Ijeatorum, in can- 
 onem saiiclyruin Pierre' M. L. . v to 
 
 C'AXONIZF. 
 
 beatitude: beaiitudo v. bli-:*sed- 
 
 NE,S.S 
 
 beau : homo elegans, bellus homo . 
 ▼. H)i', i,i>\ Ki;. 
 
 beauteous . ^' BEAtrriFrL. 
 
 beautifier : 1. qui (quae) omat, 
 **•:• 2. {<if a lady's -maul): orua- 
 trix. Icis. /. ; Ov. Suet 
 
 beautiful : 1. pulcer, era, crum . 
 a h. maiden, Virgo p., I'er. • O b. Jax''. '. 
 O faclem pulcram ' I'er. : a b. boy, puer 
 J>., Cic. a b. cotuui; p. color, Lucr • 
 6. tunics, p. tunicae, Hor. ; features b. 
 rather than altrcutive, vultus p. magis 
 quam veiiusius. Suet. 2. lormosus 
 
 (prop, of the Ijeautj- of /orm) : most b. 
 wuiutefis. virglnes torniosisslmae, Cic- 
 the nwst b. stason of tlie year, f. annus, 
 Virg. 3. Candidas (of the Ijeautj' of 
 colour or complexion , prop, fair) : a b. 
 girl, c. puelli, Cat.- a b. foot, c. pes, 
 Hor. : 6. arms, c. brachia, Prup. 4. 
 dC'corus (of the beauty which arises 
 from Jitness and pi opnety) : b. eyes, d. 
 oculi, V»rg. a b. eounlenance, facies d., 
 Hor. 5. venustus ■ v. graceful. 
 6. praeclarus {very five; distin- 
 guished ; q. v.) a very b. face, vultus 
 p., Lucr. : a city in a very b. situation. 
 urbs situ praeclaro, Cic. ; v. chakming, 1 
 
 1X3VELT, PRF.TTY. 
 
 beautifully: puicre: b. said. p. I 
 
 dictum, Ter. • Cic. As an exclamation 
 'J'er. : Hor. ; v. gracefully, char}i- i 
 IXOLV. : 
 
 beauti& : omo : v. to embellish, 
 
 ADOH.N. I 
 
 beauty : 1. pulcritildo (the most j 
 general term): there are tuo kinds of 
 b. ; in one of which there is grace, in the 1 
 other dignity, pulcritudinis duo genera ' 
 sunt, quorum in allero venusUis est, in 
 altero dignitas, Cic. : the b. of a city, 
 urbis p., Hor : the b. of virtue, p. vir- 
 tu lis, Cic. : the b. of words, p verborum. 
 Quint. ; a woman of remarkable , 
 mulier eximia p., Cic. 2. forma 
 (prop. b. of shape, and only of persons) : 
 the gods had given to you b., di tibi f. 
 dederant, Hor.: Cic. 3. cand:;r (prop. 
 of the comiilexion) : 6.,<t of person, cor- 
 poris candores, PI. : false b.. fucatus c. 
 (of 3ty'»i Cic. 4. ciSlor (poet, and In 
 the same oense) : handsome boy, trust 
 not too much to b. ! formose puer, 
 nimium ne crede colori ! Virg. : Hor. 
 5, venus, eris,/. (i. e. charm, grace, 
 altracttveness) : a play of no h., fabula 
 nulliu.s v., Hor. : Jsjcrates strove to attain 
 all b..« of style, Isocrates omnes dicendi 
 V. sectatus est, Quint. I'hr. : to caUi- 
 vate the sense of b., *eleKantiam colere: 
 the b.s of nature, amomitares locorum, 
 Cic: (v. LinELiNESS) ; vieietricious b.s 
 (of style), lenocinia. Quint.: the b.s of 
 an author, 6osculi alicujus scriptoris, 
 Sen.: to searcJi for an author's b.s. Qos- 
 culos raptare. Sen. ; ingiiiia maximo- 
 rum virorum Bummatim ilegustare. Sen. 
 
 beaver: |. An animal: 1, 
 castor, oris, m. (Kaa-Tiop): .luv. . Plin' 
 A b. skin, aistorina pellis, Kdlct. Diocl. 
 2. fiber, bri (the proper Latin 
 name) I'lin. : Sil. b. skins, fibrinae 
 pelles, Plin. ||. .4 hat mwle of beaver 
 jfur: *galerum e fibri pills contextum . 
 V. HAT. III. a part of a helmet : 
 buccula: Liv. : Jcv. 
 
 becafico (a small bird) : fjcedfila • 
 Plin.: .luv. (•alauda pratensis: Linn.). 
 
 becalm: ix^rh. only in p. part, be- 
 calmeit: Phr. ■ to be b., vciito destitui, 
 deseri • cf. Liv. ^o, 24 ; PI. Most. }, 
 
 because : N.B. I'he various Latin 
 eqniTalentii for this coi^jtinctioD are foil. 
 
 by either the indie, or the subj. in ac- 
 cordance with the general principles 
 which resulate the use of the moods. 
 
 1, quia : the city is nameit .\eapolis 
 h. it u>as built last, urbs, quia postrema 
 aedificata est, Neapolis nominatur, Cic. 
 no one avoids pleasure merely b. it is 
 pleasure, but b. great pains befall those 
 wlui h-nmv not liow to pursue pUasure 
 rationally, nemo ipsjun voluptatem, 
 quia volupta-s sit, fugit, sed quia conse- 
 qimntur magni doloies eos qui ratlone 
 voluptatem sequi nesciunt, Cic. Virg. 
 
 2. quod (less emphatic than quia) : 
 the city mil* named Tyclie b. tlcere ivas a 
 temple of J-hrtune in it. urbs quod in ea 
 Fortunae fanum fuit, Tyche nomlnata 
 est, Cic. : Caesar answered tlujt he had 
 the less hesitation b. he rememlfCred tliose 
 things. Caesar respi.ndit eo sibi minus 
 dubitatioiiis darl, qiiiKi eas res memoria 
 teneret, Caes. ■ v. that (co/.j.) 3. 
 propterea quod (more precise than quod 
 aloiiel : thry said that they intended to 
 march through the province {simply) b. 
 they had no other road, dixeruiit sibi 
 esse in animo iter per provinciam laceie 
 p. quod aliud iter bal)erent nullum, 
 Caes. 4. pro eo quod (for pro in this 
 sense v. according to): i/annibal had 
 been invited by his hosts b. his name was 
 in great renmvn with all, Hannibal pro 
 eo quod ejus nomen erat magna apud 
 omnes gloria, invitatus erat ab hospiti- 
 bus, Cic. (For because of, expressed in 
 Lat. by a prep., v. ox account of ; 
 FOR.) v. .sixcK, AS. X.B. The cause or 
 reason is often expressed in Latin by a 
 participial clause ■ Caesar sent a deputy 
 into Kpinis, b. he thought that the war 
 would be prolonged, Caesar loiigius hel- 
 ium ductum Iri existimans. In Epirum 
 legatuni misit, Caes. : the Gauls could 
 not light loith any ease, b. Itieir left 
 hands vy.re hampereil, Galli, sinistra 
 impedit:!, sjitis commode pugnare non 
 poteraiil, Caes. 
 
 beck {sui)s.): nutus, lis: to be ready 
 at a b., ad n. pa:atum esse, praesto esse, 
 Cic. 
 
 beck (".) •• V. TO beckon. 
 
 beckon : I. To nod : q. V. : an- 
 
 nuo. II. Tb signal to any one by nod 
 or other gesture. 1. inniio, iii, fiium, 
 J (with dat.) : let there be no tarrying 
 if I bid b., ne mora sit si innuerim, i'l. : 
 to b. to any one by sliaking a whip, 
 commota virga alicui in. (al. aim.), Juv. 
 2. annQo. j (rare in this sense : 
 prop, to assent by giving a nod) b.ing 
 to him to know whether he sliould draw 
 his sword, annuens an destringeret gla- 
 dium, Tac ; v. to nod to. 3. s'g- 
 nlflco, I : with some defining word : as, 
 nutu s., Ov. ; manibus s., Caes. : v. to 
 SIGNIFY. I'hr.: to b. the enemy to come 
 on, nutu hostes vocare, Caes. 
 
 become (= be made) : 1. flo, fac- 
 tus sum, tlSri : the slate became vjtser 
 by training, disciplina doctior facta est 
 ci vitas, Cic. : the bones b. stone, ossa lapis 
 f., Ov. ■ and from a god you shall b. a 
 bl'xjdless body, eque deo corpus fies ex- 
 sangue, Ov. : he will suddenly b. a bristly 
 boar, fiet subito sus horridus, Virg. : / 
 wish to ask what has b. cf mi/ younger 
 son, volo erogiUire meo niinoie quid sit 
 factum filfo, PI.- tvhat will b. of nuj 
 brother r de Iratre quid fiet.' Ter. : what 
 will b. of the arts)' quid fiet artibus.' 
 Cic ; xvhat will b. of me / quid inihl 
 fiet? Ov. 2, 5vado, vasi, vasum, j 
 (pointing more definitely to the issue : 
 to turn out) : he judged that they could 
 not b. orators, judicabat eos non pofse 
 oratores e., Cic. : the minds if the people 
 b. effeminate, niolles monies e. civium, 
 Cic. 3. exsisto, stiti, stiiiim, j (prop. 
 to stand forth, arise: q. v.^; for these 
 reasons I have b. advocate m this case, 
 his de causis ego huic causae patronus 
 exstiti, Cic. 4. exorior, urtus, 4 (to 
 spring forth, arise suddenly : q. v/) 
 Oyges suddenly became king of l.ydia, 
 repenle Gyges rex e.\ortus est Lydiae, 
 Cic. — Note. To become, esp. in connexion 
 with acyectives. may often he expr. by 
 means of an inceptive verb: as, to b. 
 
 rich, dite£Co; to b. tahite, albesco; to b. 
 
 oUl, senesco, etc. : for wbicb v. rich, etc. 
 
 become (,= tobe suitable, to adorn): 
 
 1. dec€t, dgciilt, 2 (in j pers. ting. 
 and^i. only, but usu. imj^err. .- ihe perton 
 whom is expr. by ace. : v. L. U. } 242)1 
 this dress b.s me, baec vestis me d., PL: 
 Ov. : Plin. : it does not b. you to be 
 angry with me, non te mlhi irasci decet, 
 PI. : you act as b.s you, facis ut te decet, 
 Ter.: nothing is more difficult than to 
 see what is b.ing, nihil est diCficilius 
 quam quid deceat videre. Cic. : Hor. 
 
 2. convenit, veiiit, 4 (usu. foil, by 
 ace. and inf.) : it does not b. a general 
 to travel in company with a mittrest, 
 baud convenit una ire cum amica impe- 
 ratorem in via, Ter. : wluit leit b t this 
 order? quid minus in hunc ordinem 
 convenit? Cic: v. becomi.ng (a<y.). 
 
 becoming la<Jj): 1. decoms: a 
 
 white colour L" most b. for a gud, color 
 albus praecipue d. deo est, Cic. : to ad- 
 mire nothing but what is lnmouralAe 
 and b., nihil nisi qtioil honesium d.que 
 sit admirari, Cic 2. dCeens, enlis; 
 a b. motion, d. motus, Hor. : a nwrr 
 b. dress, decentior amictus, Quint. : v 
 
 .'-TTITABLE. 
 
 becomingly : 1. dficenter : b. sad 
 d. moesta, Ov. : to weep b., d. lacrimare 
 Ov.: Hor. 2. digne: 6. dtesseil. d 
 oniata,PI.: Hor. 3. hOneste (Awour 
 ably, q. v.): they behave very 6., valde 
 se h. gerunt, Cic: Hor.: v. suitablt 
 
 PROPEKLY. 
 
 becomingness : decor: v. stuta 
 
 ULKNES.S, FITNE-S, PROPRIETY. 
 
 bed: |. a piece of furniture fo) 
 sleeping or resting upon: 1. cubile 
 is, n. : my b. is the ground, mliii est c 
 terra, Cic. : to ascend the (marriages 
 b. of Jove, Jovis ascendere c, Virg.: v. 
 couch. 2, lectus : he told me thai 
 you were in b., dixit mihi te in lecto 
 es.se, Cic: to be confined to one's bed, 
 lecto teneri, Cic. : a b. for sleiping in, 
 \. cubicularis, Cic: o bridal h., 1. genia- 
 lis, Cic. : Prop. ; I. jugalls, Virg. : to get 
 out of b., e lecto surgere, 'I er. : to mak4 
 ab., i. e. to arrange it for sleeping in, 
 1. stemere; PI.: Cic 3. lectiilus (a 
 small bed) .- he got nut of b., surreilt 
 e lectulo, Cic 4. I5rus (chiefly poet.^ .- 
 the t>. of the ancients was tf straw, an'tl- 
 quis tonis e stramento erat, Plin. : flej*- 
 calion with the partner of his b., Deu 
 calion cum consorte tori, Ov. 5^ 
 
 stratum (in the poets verj- often pi.) I 
 a soft b., molle s., Liv.: Suet.; my b 
 ."eems hard, mihi dura videntur strata, 
 Ov. : to leap from one's b., siratis exsi- 
 llre, Ov. : V^irg. J'hr.: he orders hit 
 b. to be made in the fore-part of the 
 Aoitse.jubet stemi sibi In prima domus 
 parte, Plin. : to go to b., cubltum ire. 
 Cic; dormitum ire, PI.: she is c(m fined 
 to her b., he is well, haec cubat, ille 
 valet, Ov. : to he brought to b. of a son 
 filium parOre, Cic ||. Marriage- 
 
 q. V. : connuhium. |||, A space in a 
 garden : 1. area ; OjI. : to lay out a 
 garden in b.s, hortum areis distinguere, 
 Plin. 2. arfOla (a small 6.).- CoL 
 3. forus ; Col. Phr.: .goirer-bj, 
 floriilia, ium, Varr. . ab.of roses, tuA 
 rium, Virg.: Col. |V. A channel- 
 
 q. v.: alveus: Hor. V. Any hollow 
 place, formed artilicially : \' cfibile 
 Vitr. 2. cublculum." Viir. VI. A 
 layer, stratum : q. v. 
 
 bed (I'O •- rare, and chiefly in part. 
 bedded : v. imbedded. 
 
 bedabble: oblino: v. to bedatjb 
 bk>mk.m:. 
 
 bedaub : lino, illino, oblino, per 
 unj;o ; iiiquino : v. to besmeak, be- 
 Foru 
 bed-chamber : 1. cubicuium : 
 
 ri.: I'ic. also dormitorium cublculum, 
 Plin. ep. 5, 6, 21 ; but be subsequently 
 u.ses cubicuium alone several times: we 
 al.so find dormitorium without cubicu- 
 ium, I'lin. N. H. }o, 6, 17. The term 
 cubicuium was also applied to rooms 
 for resting during the day : hence c 
 diunia noctumaque, Plin. ep. i, j, i, 
 Phr.: a b. lamp, cubicularl* locema,
 
 BED-CLOTHES 
 
 BEFORE 
 
 BEG 
 
 Mart, r ships furnished with &.s, naves 
 cnbiculatae, Sen. : a gentleman or lord 
 of the b., decurio cubiculariorum, Suet. 
 2. thalamus (a bridal-chamber : 
 q. V.) : Virg. : Ov. 
 
 bed-clothes : 1. stragulum (gen. 
 term for any bed-covering : Varr. L. L. 
 5. J ?. i&7) ' Sen. ep. 8-;, 2, distinguishes 
 between stragulum and opertoriuni ; 
 the former answering appy. to our 
 blanket, the latter to the coverlet. 2. 
 Spertorium (rare) : Sen. v. siipr. 3. 
 strata, orura : Lucr. (far more freq. 
 = bed: q. v.). 4, lodix, icisi./. (also 
 used in pi., v. Quint, i, 6, 42): Juv. : 
 PoUio ap. Quint. I. c. Dimin. lOdiciila : 
 Suet. Aug. 87 (appy. used for a coverlet 
 or hlanktt) : Petr. 
 
 bedding : v. bed, bed cix)thes. 
 
 bedeck ; omo, decoro : v. to adorn, 
 
 niiCK. 
 
 bedecked: dgcorus: leaders b. with 
 purple, ductores ostro d., Virg. . Phoebus 
 b. with shining bow, Phoebus fulgenti 
 d. arcu, Hor. 2. insignis, e : v. con- 
 spicrrous. (Or by p. part, of omo, etc.) 
 
 bedew : •• e. to moisten with deiu : 
 but usu. fig. or poet., as to b. with tears, 
 etc. 1. irroro, i (with ace. and abl, 
 or dat. and ace.) : to b. the eyes with 
 tears, oculos laorimls ir., Sil.: they b.'d 
 their garments and head with a libation 
 of water, libatos irroravere liquores ves- 
 tibus et capiti, Ov. : v. to moisten, 
 2. pertundo, fudi, fiisuni, j ; " b.'d 
 roith liquid odours " (Milt.), perfusus 
 liquidis odoribus, Hor. . v. dewt. 
 
 bed-fellow : consors or socius tori 
 (in prose better, lecti) . Ov. Fern. : sBcia 
 tori (lecti), Ov, M. 10, 268, 
 
 bed-hangings: aulaea, orum- v. 
 
 CTJRTAINS. 
 
 bedim: obscaro: v to dim, obsphre. 
 
 bedizen; *fucatis lenodnlis, niniiis 
 
 munditiis, exornare: v. finekt ; to 
 
 ADORN. 
 
 bedlam: insanis receptaculum . v. 
 
 MADHOUSE. 
 
 bedlamite : homo insanus : V. MAD- 
 
 )IAH. 
 
 bed-post: 1. fulcrum: Virg.: 
 Prop.? Suet. 2, fulmentum: Gels. 
 
 bedrench : v, to drench. 
 bed-ridden: (•') lecto affi.xus. (So 
 
 Kr,, Georg. etc. : of. Hnr. Sat. i, i, 8i, 
 ■*si casus lecto te aflfixit": but the 
 reference here is to temporary confine- 
 ment to one's bed only): perh. lecto in 
 perpetnura affixus. 
 
 bed-room : v. bed-chamber. 
 
 bed-stead; sponda: Ov.: Petr. 
 
 bed-time: hSrasomni. Suet. 
 
 bee : Spis or apes, is, /. : a swarm 
 of b.s, apum or apium examen, Cic. : 
 honey-making 6.s, melliferae a., Ov. : 
 b^ feed on thyme, thjiiio pascuntur 
 apes, Virg. : the sting of a b., apis acu- 
 leus, Cic: king b. (i. e. queen), rex, 
 Virg.: Col. (who also uses the terms 
 princeps and dux) : a little b., apicula; 
 PI. ■ Plin. : the young (or grubs) of 6.s, 
 pulli, Col.; or collectively, puUities, 
 progenies. Col. 
 
 bee-bread : erlthSce, es,/. : Plin. 
 
 bee-eater (a bird) : merops, opis,/. : 
 Virg. 
 
 bee-hive: 1, alveus: Col.: Plin. 
 2, alvus: Varr.: Plin. 3. alve- 
 arium: Varr.: Virg.: Col. 4. alvgare, 
 is, n. : Virg. : Plin. : v. also apiary. 
 
 bee-keeper: 1. mellanus: Varr. 
 2. aplarius: Plin. 
 
 beech-tree : tagus, i, /. : Caes. : 
 
 Virg. 
 
 beechen: 1. faglnus: b.folmge, 
 
 f. frons, Ov. : b. cups, pocula f., Virg. 
 
 2, fagineus : a b. trough, alveus f , 
 
 Ov. 3 <ag6us : a b. grove, lucus f., 
 
 Plin. 
 
 beech-nut : glans, glandis, /. (used 
 cfall similar products: v. acorn): Cic: 
 Virg. 
 
 beef: 1, bubiilacaro: Plin. 2. 
 bilbula : roast b., assa b., PI. : Cels. : salt 
 b., b. salita a b. steak, *ofella (ofTula) 
 bnbula : d. Mart, to, 48, 15; or *frustum 
 bubalum : cf. Virg. A. i. 210, where 
 tbe frusta are evidently " steaks " ; q. v. 
 
 beer : 1. cerevlsia or cervisia (the 
 word used by modem writers of Latin) : 
 Plin. 2, zythum: Plin.: Col. (Tac 
 Ger. 2 J, describes beer as "humor e.x 
 hordeo aut frumento, in quandam simi- 
 litudinem vini corruptus.") 
 
 beet : beta : Plin. : white b., *b. 
 alba, Linn. : red b., b. rubra vul- 
 garis, Liim. : beet-roots, pedes betacei, 
 Varr. 
 
 beetle (subs.) .- |. a rammer : 
 
 fisluca: Caes.: Plin. ||. .4« iJisec^.- 
 scdrabeus or scarabaeus : Plin. (A kind 
 of large horned b. was called lucanus 
 (al. lucavus) : Nigid. ap. Plin. 11, 28, 14. 
 
 beetle ("•) •■ promlneo : v. to pro- 
 ject, OVERHANG. 
 
 beetle-browed: Phr. : a b. man, 
 
 *homo superciliis prominentibus. 
 
 beeves, boves: v. oxen, cattle. 
 
 befajl : 1. contingo, tigi, tactum, 
 J (with dat. : and usu. of what is agree- 
 able to one's wishes) : whom so many 
 advantages luive so suddenly b.'n, cui 
 tam subito tot contigerunt commoda, 
 Ter. : slavery has often b!n powerful 
 nations, servitus potentibus populis 
 saepe contigit, Cic. 2, obtingo, tigi, 
 J : I am glad that that has b.'n you as 
 you desired, istuc tibi ex sententia tua 
 obtigisse laetor, Ter. : Cic. 3. eveuio : 
 V. TO happen, fall out. 
 
 befit : convgnio ; v. to become, suit, 
 be fitting. 
 
 befitting (cuij.) ; decens : v. becom- 
 ing, FITTING. 
 
 befool: Itidincor: V. TO DELUDE, to 
 deceive. 
 
 before: A. Prep. : |, in front 
 of: 1, ante (with ace): I see him 
 b. the house, eum ante aedes video, PI. : 
 ke sends all the cavalry b. him, equi- 
 tatum omnem ante se mlttit, Caes. : 
 behind me 7vas Aegina, b. me, Megara, 
 post me erat Aegina, ante Megara, 
 Sulpic. ap. Cic: Tac. 2. prae (with 
 abl. : of what is only a little 2i-ay on 
 before : usu. with verbs of motion, and 
 esp. before pron. reflect.) : he dnves the 
 herd b. him, prae se armentum agit, 
 Llv. : he sent the unarmed b. him, prae 
 .se inermes misit. Sail. 3. pio (the 
 most usu. prep, for directly in front of: 
 with abl.): they were on guard b. the 
 gates, pro portis in statlone erant, Caes. : 
 Cic: Tac: v. in front of. 4. db 
 (of that which presents itself, esp. to the 
 eyes : with ace.) : a mist b. the eyes, ob 
 oculos caligo, PI.: death has often ap- 
 peared b. his eyes, mors ob oculos saepe 
 versata est, Cic. 5. ad versus (=o/)po- 
 site to : with ace.) : he dresses every day 
 b. a mirror, quotidie ad. speculum orna- 
 tur, Gell. (a rare idiom). Phr.: lie 
 draws up his forces b. the camp, copias 
 ante frontem castronim strait, Caes. : / 
 see a ship sailing b. the iHnd, video 
 navem secundis ventis cursum tenen- 
 tem suum, Cic. ||. In the presence 
 of (usu. with an implication of autho- 
 rity or jurisdiction) : 1. ante : to 
 plead a cause b. the praetor, causam 
 ante praetorem dicere, Cic. 2, ad 
 (esp. after such words as to speak, ac- 
 cuse, defend) : no one could bring you b, 
 the Boman people, nemo te ad pupulum 
 R. adducere poterat, Cic. : this is the 
 tisual course b. a jury, ad judices sic agi 
 solet, Cic. ; to accuse any one b. a prae- 
 tor, aliquem ad praetorem reum facere, 
 Liv. 3. apiid (with ace. : used in 
 similar cases to ad, but more fre- 
 quently) : he v-as brought to trial b. a 
 jury, apud judices reus est factus, Cic. . 
 he spoke b. the senate, verba apud 
 senatum fecit, Cic. : Caesar made an 
 harangue b. the soldiers, Caesar apud 
 niilites contionatus est, Caes. 4, 
 coram (with abl.) : what did you dare 
 to say b. my son-in-law / c. genero meo 
 quae dicere ausus es ? Cic. : v. presence 
 OF, IN. Phr. to bring any one b. a 
 court of justice, aliquem in judicium 
 adducere, Cic. |||, In preference 
 to: 1. ante: whom I love b. myself, 
 quem ante me diligo, Cic. : the Greeks 
 ivere b. the Bomans in eloquence, fa- 
 cundia Graeci ante Komanos fuerunt. 
 
 Sail. 2, prae (with abl.) : v. compa- 
 rison WITH, cs ; more than. IV 
 Preceding (in time): 1. antS: b. 
 this day, ante hunc diem, Ter. : b. 
 night, ante noctem, Hor.: b. the foun- 
 dation of this city, ante banc urbem 
 conditam, Cic : b. the proper time, ante 
 teinpus, Liv. 2. supra (with ace. : 
 infrequent) : a little b. the present geno- 
 ration, paulo s. banc memoriam, Caes. : 
 Liv. N.B. When "before" is con- 
 nected with verbs of motion, it is gen. 
 expressed in Latin by the prefixes of 
 the verbs : the lictors used to go before 
 the praetors with two fasces, lictores 
 praetoribus ante ibant cum fascibus 
 duobus, Cic. : Pompey had gone b. the 
 legions, Pompeius legiones antecesserat, 
 Cic. : the lictors used to go b. the consuls, 
 consulibus lictores praeibant, Cic B. 
 Adverb: |. Of time: 1. ante 
 
 (with either an abl. or an ace. which 
 denotes duration, and is not dependent 
 on ante) : a very few days b., perpaucis 
 ante diebus, Cic. : you were lost four 
 years b., ante quadriennium amissus es, 
 Tac. : some years b., aliquot ante annos. 
 Suet. : I foresaw long b. that there would 
 be a storm, multo ante prospexi tempes- 
 tatem futuram, Cic. 2. antequam (a 
 kind of conjunction, and used to con- 
 nect clauses : sometimes written as two 
 separate words) : that he might see you 
 b. he died, ut te ante vjderet quam e 
 vita discederet, Cic: you will luive no 
 letter from me before I am settled some- 
 where, antequam aliquo loco consedero, 
 literas a me non habebis, Cic: / was 
 always his friend b. he became an enemy 
 to his country, ei fui semper amicus 
 antequam ille reipublicae est factus 
 inimicus, Cic. 3, prius (rare): all 
 things have been tried b., cuncta prius 
 tentata, Ov. 4. priusquam, or sepa- 
 rately prius. .. .quam (v. antoqnam) : 
 they are here b. it dawns, priusquam lu- 
 cei, assunt, PI. : 6. he attempted any- 
 thing, he ordered the brother to be called 
 to him, priusquam quidquam conaretur, 
 fratrem ad se vocari jubet, Caes. : nor 
 didtltey give over flight b. they arrived at 
 the river Rhine, neque prius fugere de- 
 stiterunt quam ad flumen Rhenum per- 
 venerunt, Caes. : Cic. (Concerning the 
 mood which follows priusquam, v. L. G.) 
 Phr.: the day b. I came to Athens, 
 pridie quam ego Athenas veni, Cic. : v. 
 
 FORMERLY, PREVIOUSLY, ABOVE. ||. 
 
 Of space : prae : go you b., maiden, i 
 tu prae, virgo, PI. : go b., I willjblloiv, 
 i prae, sequar, PI. I' h r. : if he come 
 into Haul he will be hemmed in behind, 
 b., on his flanks, a tergo, a fronle, a 
 lateribus tenebitur, si in Galliam vene- 
 rit, Cic. N.B. "Before" as an adverb 
 is very often expressed by the prefixes 
 of the Latin verbs : as, to bear b., ante- 
 fero ; to go b., anteeo, etc. . for which 
 see the several words. 
 
 beforehand (adv.): usu. expr. by 
 prep, prae in compos. ; as, to receive 
 money b. from any one, pecuniam ab 
 aliquo praecipere, Cic. : this first I tell 
 you b., hoc primum tibi praedico, Ter. . 
 to be b. in stealing a kiss, praeripere 
 dulcia oscula, Lucr. : to fix the expense 
 of afu7ieral b., suraptum funerum prae- 
 finire, Cic. : to seise on jylaces b., loca 
 praeoccupare, Liv. Phr.: to be b 
 (with any one), i. e. to anticipate: 
 q. V. : praeverto. 
 
 befoul : 1. inqulno, i ■ to be b.'d 
 ivith ordure, merdis inqiiiiiari. Hor.: 
 PI. 2. foedo, I : the harpies b. every- 
 thing, Harpyiae omnia f., \'irg. : v. to 
 pollute, DEFILE. 3. coiicaco, I (io 
 b. ivith ordure) : Phaedr. Sen. 
 
 befriend; adjuvo: v. friend; to 
 FAVOUR, assist, etc. 
 
 beg: I. 'fo request or ask for 
 earnestly : 1. peto, ivi and ii, itum, 
 ? i^with ab and abl. of the person from 
 trhom ; the object of the petition bei.ng 
 expressed either by an ace, or by a 
 clause with ut or ne) : to b. for peace, 
 pacem ab aliquo p., Caes. : to ask and 
 b. earnestly, rugare et vchementer p., 
 Cic. : / b. and entreat you not to, etc, 
 
 1
 
 BEGET 
 
 BEGIN 
 
 BEGINNING 
 
 peto et oro ne, etc., Petr.: with dat. 
 of person on behalf of ivlumi : to b. the 
 life of a guilt;/ person, vitiim p. iio- 
 centi, Tac. ; Cic. ^'^ B. IV-to (=Gr. 
 aWiu)), usu. denotes a position of infe- 
 riority either real or assumed on the 
 part of the stiitor. 2. coiitendo, di, 
 sum and turn, j (esp. with peto: to 
 beg earnestly) : he requested and most 
 earnestly b.'d of me that I would defend 
 his relation, a me petebat et suiiniie 
 contendebat ut suum prupiiuiuum de- 
 fenderem, Cic: so, a te etiani atque 
 etiam peto atque contendo, Cic. 3. 
 prficor, I : V. TO prav, bksekch. 4. 
 dSprficor, i (to b. earnestly for : also 
 often, to b. that sonif eril may be avert- 
 ed) : to b.for peace, pacein d., Cic. : to 
 b. nothing for oneself, niiiil pro seipso 
 d., Cic, : tu beg tlie senate luforeijo llitir 
 anger, ad depii'CiUidan) irani senatus, 
 Liv. : my client b.'d fur the life of 
 many persons from L. Sulla, nmlioruin 
 hie vitam est a L. Sulla deprecatus, 
 Cic. 5. posco, ptJposci, j : b. pardon 
 of Vie gods, posce deos veniam, Virg. 
 (but posco usu. implies a claim : v. 
 TO ASK, S]in.). 6. e.\posco, poposci, 
 i (stronger than simple verb) : to b. 
 for the battle signal, signum proelii ex- 
 poscere, Caes. : Tac: v. to ask, ri;- 
 yUEST, ENTItEAT. ||, To ask for 
 
 alms : mendico, i : it does not become 
 TOe to live by b.ing, me iion decet 
 mendicantem vivere, PI.: he lives on 
 fond tliat lie has b'dfor, raendicato pas- 
 citur cibo, Ov. Pli'r. : to b. from door 
 to door, stipem ostiatim peterc; to hold 
 out one's hand to b., nianum ad stipem 
 porrigere. Sen. ; iiiaimin concavam asses 
 praebentibus praebere, Suet. 
 
 l)eget : 1. Kigno, gfinui, gSnitum, 
 3 ■ Jupiter liegot Hercules, Herculem 
 Jupiter genuit, Cic. : Ov. Fig.: this 
 virtue itself 6.s friendship, haec ipsa 
 virtus amicitiam g., Cic. : anger begot 
 savage enmities, ira genuit truces iniiui- 
 citias, Hor. 2. genero, i : Oebalus 
 whom Telon is said to have begotten, 
 Oebalus quern generasse Telon fenur, 
 Virg.: V. TO PRODUCE. 3. creo, i 
 (esp. poet.) : Silvias b.s Aeneas Silvias, 
 Silvius Aenean Silvium c, Liv. : Hor. 
 Fig.: the resemblance b.s error, errorem 
 c. similitudo, Cic. 4. procreo, i : to 
 b. sons by any one, de aliqua tilios p., 
 Cic Fig: the tribunate, whose first 
 rise we see begotten amid civil war, tri- 
 bunatus cujus primuin ortum inter 
 arma civiuni procreatum videraus, Cic. 
 6. susc5pIo, cepi, ceptum, i (prop. 
 to take up, i. e. to acknotvleiige offspring) : 
 you had begotten children nut for your- 
 self only, but for your country also, 
 susceperas liberus non solum tibi sed 
 etiam patriae, Cic. ; Ter. g. tollo, 
 sustuli, sublaiura, j (=;suscipio) : he 
 begot cliildren by I'adia, e.\ Fadia libe- 
 ros sustiilit, Cic: Suet. 7. pario, 
 peperi, partuin, j (to give birth to : v. to 
 BRING FORTH) : Fig.: truth b.s hatred, 
 verita,s odium p., Ter. : v. to get, cause. 
 begetter : 1. gSnltor : Cic : Hor. 
 2. generiitor : Cic. : Virg. 3. 
 creator : Cic. : Ov. 4. procrfiator ': 
 Cic. 6. sator (poet.) : Virg.: I'haedr. : 
 V. fathek. 
 
 begetting (subs.) : 1. satus, us : 
 Lucr. ; Cic. 2. creatio: Ulp. 3. 
 procreatk) : Cic. (Or usu. better expr". 
 by part, of verb: as for the b. of chil- 
 dren, propter liberos creandos, etc.: v. 
 
 TO BEGET.) 
 
 beggar (subs.) : |. one who asks 
 for alms : 1. mendicus : from b.s to 
 become suddenly rich, ex mendicis fieri 
 repente divites, Cic. : Hor.: Ter. 2. 
 mendicabulum (a tsnti of greater con- 
 tempt) : a street-b., circuniluianemu 
 m., Apul. : b.S(fmen, i.e. beggarly jel- 
 lows, mendicabula iK.minumVl'l. 3, 
 (A female b.) : mulier mendica (lor men- 
 dicus is prop, ail adj.). ||. A rcn/ 
 poor person : ggens, enlis: he had made 
 them nealtltyfrom being b.s, locupletes 
 ex egeutibus fecerat, Caes. : v. needy, 
 
 INDIGENT. 
 
 beggar C^")- Phr. : he will b. hit 
 
 father by hit abandoned conduct, per 
 flagitiura ad iaopiam rediget. patrem. 
 I'er. : they are in a hurry to b. them- 
 selves, ad mendicitatcm se properant de- 
 trudere, PI.: I will not b. myself, nie in 
 paupertatem non detrudara, lac. 
 beggarliness : maiignitas : v. po- 
 
 VKHTl, .MKANNIISS. 
 
 beggarly : niendicus . b. luncheons, 
 pianJiu ni., Mart. Fig.: a b. instru- 
 ment, tnstrumentiim m., Cic. : in a b. 
 way, mendlcfi. Sen. Ten. Phr.: b. 
 ft'llows, mendicabula hominmn, PI. : v. 
 
 MEAN, <:(INTKM1TI11LE. 
 
 beggary, niendicitas • to be in tlte 
 greatest b., in sumina m. esse, Cic; Pi.: 
 
 v. IYl\ ERTV, INDIOENCE. 
 
 begging (subs.) ■. mendicatio : Sen. 
 Phr. to git one's living by b., mendi- 
 cantem vivere, PI. : v. to beg (II.). 
 
 begin : 1. (coeplo), coepi and 
 
 cocptussiim, 5 (the impt(;/cc< tenses are 
 rare and occur in the early writers 
 only) : / began to love, aiiiare coepi, 
 Ter. : when a pass, verb follows, the 
 pass, form of the perfect is used ; as, 
 these things had begun to be di'scu.wed 
 between them, eae res inter eos agi coep- 
 tae erant, Caes. : the battle began, piigna 
 coeplt, Liv. : he who has begun has dime 
 half his task (='wcll begun is half 
 done'), dimidium facti, qui coepit, ha- 
 bet, Hor. : you began belter than you 
 end, coepisti melius quani desinis, Ov. 
 2. incipiii, ceptum, j (the most 
 usual word : but the perfect act. tenses 
 do not occur): these things have been 
 begun, haec sunt incepta, 'I'er. : t/ie corn 
 crops were b.ing to ripen, maturescere 
 frumenta incipiebant, Caes. : they are 
 b.ing to ca^Ty on tear, be Hum gerere 
 incipiunt, Cic. : he had been struck 
 where the leg b.s, ictus erat qua eras 
 esse incipit, Ov. : the king b.s (to speak), 
 rex incipit, Sail. : to b. a umrk, opus in., 
 Liv. N.B. To b. with or at is expr. 
 with prep, a or ab ; ii seemed best tu b. 
 with Egypt, in rem visum est ab 
 Aegypto in., Justin : so, one portion of 
 them (the Gauls) b.s with the river 
 Bhune, eorum una pars initium capit a 
 flumine Rhodano, Caes. : v. infr. 3. 
 occipio, cepi, ceptum, } (less frequent) ■ 
 tob. a song, cantionem oc, PI. : the play 
 was begun, fabulu occepta est agi, 'I'er. : 
 to b. to drive a herd, armentum agere 
 oc, Liv. 4. ordior, orsus, 4 (usu. of 
 the first of a series, Gr. apxav, and esp. 
 of speaking or writing) : tob. a conver- 
 sation, sermonem or., Cic. : let us b. 
 with the simplest facts, a facillimis or- 
 diamur, Cic. : let my speech conclude 
 with the same subject as it began with, 
 unde est orsa, in eodem temiinetur ora- 
 tio, Cic. : thus the prophetess began to 
 speak, ,sic orsa loqui vates, Virg. 5. 
 exordior, 4 (like ordior) : he began to 
 speak, dicere exorsus est, Cic : to b. 
 witli truth, a veritate ex., Cic : lie b.s 
 in these trm-ds, his verbis exorditur, 
 Tac. : to b. a war, belluni ex., Liv. : to 
 b. entreaties, preces ex., Ov. 6. 
 
 Orior, ortus, 4 (to arise, have its origin: 
 hence not foil, by an infin.) : this fear 
 frst began vith the tribunes, hie timor 
 prinuim ortus est a tribuiiis, Caes. : the 
 coni-ersation b.s irith him, ab eo sermo 
 or., Cic. 7. ingrcdior, gressus, j 
 
 (prop, to enter on : q. v.) : to b. to speak, 
 dicere ingredi, Cic: thus Venus began 
 (to speak) in reply, sic contra est in- 
 grcssa \'enu9, Virg. : tob. a Umg jour- 
 ney, longinquam profectionem in., Suet. 
 8. institiio, ui, utum, j (prop, to 
 form, appoint : hence to b. anything 
 which involves purpose, plan, custom, 
 or the like) : proieedas you have begun, 
 perge ut instituisti. Cic. : the (;aids 
 began (habitually) to fortify their 
 camps, Galli cjistramunire In.stituerunt, 
 Caes. : I'hidias can b. a statue from the 
 first and linish it, Phidias potest a 
 primo in. signmii idque perficere, Cic. 
 9. c(iiiiiiiiitc>. misi, mis.<um, } 
 (prop, to put iir nmtch together: hence 
 usu. of some kind of contest) : to b. 
 (=joi'n) a battle, pugnam c, Cic : the 
 games were begun, liidi committebau- 
 
 tur, Cic. 10. Initium facio, c&pio 
 silmo, J to b. a nan-ativ--, in. facere 
 narrandi, Sail. : to b. a massacre with 
 any one, caedis in. ab allquo lacere, Cic. 
 Caes. : v. BEGINNING. 11, InchCio, i 
 (which usu. implies leaving unfmiyhed) -, 
 V. to commence. Phr.: he b.s to speaJc, 
 infit farler, Virg.: or simply, infit, Liv.; 
 b. your journey at once, carpe viam, 
 Virg. : to b. life anew, quti&i ad carceres 
 a calce revocari, Cic. : feiv men sinoe 
 the world began have l>een found to, etc^ 
 pauci post genus hominum natum re* 
 perti sunt qui, etc., Cic. : he liegan u>eU 
 and eiuled ill, ex bonis iniiiis malos 
 eventus habuit. Sail. N.B. When the 
 verb " to begin " is followed by words 
 denoting a state, the phrase Is fre- 
 quently to Ix; expressed by a I..atin in- 
 ceptive verb; the sun bj to shine, sol 
 lucescit, Virg. : the sea 6.« to be hot, un- 
 da calescit, Ov. 
 
 beginner : I. The person who he- 
 gins: 1, auctor- they were unu-il- 
 ling to be the b.s of the war, auctores 
 belli esse nolebant, Caes.: v. adviser, 
 I'lioMiiTER. 2. inceptor (v. rare): 
 Ter. 3. Usu. belter expr. by part of 
 verb: lis, agreeable to b.s, incipientibus 
 Jucundus, Quint. ■ the praise 0/ the b. is 
 not that of the finisher, *incipientis ac 
 perficientls baud eadem laus : t/e you the 
 b. MenaUas, incipc, Menalca ! Virg. 
 II, An inexperienced person, a 
 leanier (v. also supr.) : tiro : he is in no 
 respect a b. and inixpet-ienced, nulla in 
 re tiro ac rudis est, Cic Quinl. ; Ov . 
 a young b., tlranculus. Sen. : Juv. 
 Phr.: he is a b. in politics, rudis est in 
 re publica, Cic. b.s uill hardly dare 
 to expect to attain to perfect eloquence, 
 vix se prima elementa ad spem tol- 
 lere effingendae eloquentiae audebunt 
 Quint. . he is a mere b., *prima ele- 
 menta discit . the imitation of their 
 schr>ol-fellows is easier for b.s, incipi- 
 entibus condiscipulorum faciUor imita- 
 tio est, Quint. 
 
 beginning: I. The act •/ b.: 
 Inceptio (rare): Cic. (More usu. expr. 
 by part of verb: as, the mode of b., 
 incipiendi ratio, Cic.) : v. to begin. 
 11. The comme7icem«i< itself . L 
 Initium : one part of O'aul tak-es Us b. 
 from the Rhone, una Galliae j)ars in. 
 capit a Rhodano, Caea. : to make a 6, 
 in. facere, Cic: v. to begin (hi): the 
 senate in the b. (i. e. at first) uas of this 
 opinion, senatus initio ita censuit, Cic: 
 also in pi., a thing that had a small 6, 
 res ab exiguis profecta initiis, Liv. 2. 
 priiicipium : to have neither b. nor end, 
 nee p. nee finem habere, Cic. : at the 6, 
 principio, a principio or in principio, 
 Cic. Obs. Initium, says Kr., has rela- 
 tion simply to time, and is opposed to 
 e.xitus : whereas priiicipium denotes the 
 b. of an action as that on uhicli the 
 sequel is based : v. principle. 3. 
 exordium (esp. in rhetoric) : the b. of 
 evil, ex. mali, Cic: / have often ob- 
 sen'ed that the greatest orators are ner- 
 vous at the b. of their spetches. saepe 
 animadverti summos oratores in dlcend. 
 exordio permoveri, Cic. 4. exonsua 
 us (rare) : the b.of a speech, orationis 
 ex., Cic. 5, iuceplmn (more usu. in 
 pi. : v. undertaking) : let it be kvpt till 
 the end such as it uas at the h.. servetur 
 ad imum qualis ab intepto processerit, 
 Hor. 6. ingressio (entrance on: 
 
 rare): Cic. 7. Ingressus, us (I. q. in- 
 gressio) : at the b. of a work, in ingressu 
 operis. Quint. : Virg. 8. commissio 
 (only of public games): Cic: Suet. 
 P h r. : at the b. of summer, initji aestate, 
 C/'aes. ; ab Ineunte aestate, Cic; tnci- 
 piente aestate, Plin. : at the b. of spring, 
 vere novo, Virg. : the b.s of battles, 
 prima proelia, Liv. : from the b. of the 
 world, post homines natos, Cic (' not ab 
 Initio muudi,' Kr.): cf. to begin (fin.). 
 III. Kudiment, earliest stale : 1. 
 glGmentum the Jirst bsof Home, prima 
 el. Rtiinae, Ov. : the b.s of vicious de- 
 sire, el. cupidinis pravae, Hor. 2. 
 riidimentum: v. rudiment. 3. exor^ 
 dium : the b.of the city, ex. urbls, Suet. 
 
 IJ
 
 BEG I RD 
 
 BEHOLD 
 
 BELIEF 
 
 4, primordium (usu. pi.) : the b. of 
 the world, primordia mundi, Ov. : Liv. : 
 
 T. OBIGIN, PK1^■C'^'LE. 
 
 begird ; cingo, accingo • V. TO GIRD. 
 
 begone : apage : Pi. : begone out of 
 my sight, exii-mplo meo e conspectu 
 abscede, PI. ; le hinc amove, Ter. : v. 
 
 BE HANG ED. 
 
 begrimed : squalens, squalWus : v. 
 
 GKIJIX. 
 
 begrudge : invWeo, parco : V. TO 
 
 GBUIHiE. 
 
 beguile : I. ^' cheat, deceive, 
 
 q. v.: lallo. ||. To n-ile away ; to re- 
 lease from imperceptibly (mosl\y poet) : 
 1, decipio, cepi, ceptum, i : he is 
 b.d of his sufferings by the siceet me- 
 lody, dulci labonim detipitur (=Kjr. 
 mvuiv eJTtAai'Sdi'CTat) sonu, Hor. : SO I 
 b. the day, sic decipio diem, Ov. 2. 
 fallo, fefelli, falsum, j : they b. the in- 
 tervening hours by conversation, medias 
 fallunl sermonibus hora.s, Ov. . seelcing 
 to b- one's care, imw by vine, now by 
 sleep, jam vino quaereiis, jam somno f. 
 curam, Hor. 
 
 beguiler : fiaudator : v. deceh-eb. 
 
 behalf of, in or on: pro (with abf.) .- 
 
 Divitiacus spoke on b. of tlie Sequani, 
 locutus est pro Sequanis Divitiacus, 
 Caes. : each of them strove on his oun b., 
 pro se quisque eorum certabat, Cic. : 
 he besought the R. people on my b., po- 
 pulum K. pro me obsecravit, Cic. : v. 
 
 FOR, ON ACCOUNT OF, SAKE. 
 
 behave: 1. g^rc gessi, gestum, 
 } (with pi on. reflect.) ; I have acted upon 
 your advice as to how I sliould b, to. 
 wards Caesar, quonain modo gererem 
 me ad versus Caesarem usus tuoconsilio 
 snm, Cic. : they b. very honourablit, 
 ▼aide se honeste gerunt, Cic : to b. tun 
 thoughtlessly, se Inconsultius gerere, 
 Liv. : to b. as a citizen, se pro cive g.. 
 Cic. 2. tiior, usus, } (with abl.) : if 
 he kneiv how to b. towards kings, si 
 sciret regibus utl, Hor.: it did not bejit 
 the pTMknce of Antigonus to b. so to- 
 wards him though conquered, non hoc 
 convenire Antigoiii prudentiae, nt sitse 
 ateretur (a/, deuteretur) victo, Nep. 
 (obs. se gerere relers to the character in 
 which a person shows himself; utor lo 
 the way in which he acts towards ano- 
 ther.) 3. consulo, sului, sultum, } (esp. 
 of a deliberate act : with de or in and 
 ace.) : it is not becoming to b. arrogantly 
 towards any one in time of prosperity, 
 in secundis rebus nihil in quenquam 
 Euperbe c. decet, Liv. : to b. in an un- 
 friendly way towards any one, de aliquo 
 inimice c, Liv. : v. measdbes, to take. 
 P h r. ; he b.d as a frierul, amicum age- 
 bat, Tac. (but the phr. usu. signifies to 
 act a certain part • q. v.) they i eminded 
 him how liberally he had b.d to them be- 
 fore, commemorarunt istum quam libe- 
 raliter eos iract-isset antea, Cic. ■ he b.d 
 not as the king's heir but as the king, 
 nee heredem regni sed regem gerebat. 
 
 Just. ; V. TO ACT. 
 
 behaviour: mores, um, m. (includ- 
 ing however cAaracto' as well sa man- 
 ners) : his b. is temperate and moderate, 
 est tempcralis moderatisque nioribus, 
 Cic.- very agreeable b., suavissimi m., 
 Cic. ; you ou/)ht to liare imitated your 
 grandfather' s b., iniitari avi mores de- 
 bebas, Cic. . your b. is very unbecoming, 
 •mininie te decent isti m. Phr.: your 
 b. towards me has been unfriendly, ini- 
 mice te in me gessisti : rules foi one's 
 b. towards fnends, praecepta quibus 
 docetur quomodo amicis uti opurteat : 
 V. TO BEHAVE : the propriety of aU 
 your attendants' b. towards others, om- 
 nium qui tecum sunt pudor, Cic. : v 
 MANNERS : and for various specified 
 kinds ot b., v. modesty, attention, 
 
 IMPUDEXCK. etc. 
 
 behead: 1. securi fgrio, 4, or per- 
 ciltio, ciissi, cussum, i (ihe former usu. 
 in imperf. tense^) : Cic. : Liv. 2. 
 securi neco, i (less frpquent) : Liv. 3. 
 detmnco. i : bodies b.d with a siiord, 
 irladio detruncata corpora, Liv. 4. 
 Mcollo, I : Sen. Apocol. Suet. V.B. 
 The axe (securis) was the legiiimate 
 74 
 
 instrument of decapitation ; hence se- 
 curi ferio, etc. are the proper expr. for 
 the punishment of beheading: detrunco 
 is to sever a man's head from his body, 
 in battle or elsewhere (=caput alicui 
 praecidere, abscidere) : decoUo is a late 
 and inelegant word. 
 
 beheading {subs.) .• usu. expr. by 
 phr.; ii& to punish by b., securi ferire: 
 b. was an ancient form of capital pu- 
 nishment with the Romans, *Romanis 
 antiquitus usitatum in damiiatos gladio 
 animadvertere : v. to behead. (N.B. 
 The substantive decollatio is of no good 
 authority : cl. to behead, 4.) 
 
 behest : jussum : v. command. 
 
 behind: A. Prep.: |. At the 
 back or in the rear of : 1, piist(wiih 
 ace.) : b. our camp, post nostra castra, 
 Caes : black care is seated b. the horse- 
 man, postequitem sedei atracura, Hor. ; 
 to throw boves b. one s back, ossa post 
 tergum Jactare, Ov. 2. pone (with 
 ace. : esp. after verbs of motion) : go b. 
 lis, pone nos recede, H. . they uent b. 
 the camp, p. castra ibant, Liv. : hands 
 bound b. the back, vinctae p. (post : 
 Virg.) tergum manus, Tac. Phr. you 
 have left b. you no burthen on any one, 
 nullum onus cuiquam reliquuni lecisti, | 
 Cic. Phr.: to maliqn a friend b. his 
 hack, absentein rodere amicum, Hor. : 
 V. back. II, In a state of inferiority 
 to post : nor ivas Lydia b. C'hloe, ne- 
 que erat Lydia post Chloen, Hor. : v. 
 after, inferior. B. Adverb: 
 
 1. post : the slaves who weie b., 
 servi qui p. erant, Cic. : to fight before 
 or b., ante aul p. pugnare, Liv. 2. 
 pone (v. supra) : to move both before 
 and b., et ante et p. moveri, Cic. : to come 
 b., p. venire. Prop. : following b., p. se- 
 quens, Virg. 3. retro (less frequent) 
 / have a certain room b., m the remotest 
 part of the house, est mihi in ultimis 
 conclave aedibus quoddam, r., Ter. : Cic. 
 4. a tergo (esp of mill lary opera- 
 tions) ■ the pirate left b. {him) a great 
 part of the city, pirata a tergo magnam 
 partem urbis reliquit, Cic. : tlie enemies' 
 army closed in the Romans before and 
 b., Romanos a fronte et ab lergo hostium 
 acies claudebat, Liv. : to attack anyone 
 from b., aliqnem a tergo adoriri, Cic. N.B. 
 I'his adverb is sometimes expressed by 
 the prefix re. esp. when It is pleonastic 
 in English; it is less freq. represented 
 by sub . he was not to look b., ne respi- 
 ceret, Cic. ■ he left Fabius b. with tu-o 
 legions, Fabium cum legionibus duabus 
 reliquit, Caes. : the wootis hold the mud 
 left b. in their foliage, silvae limum 
 tenent in fronde relictum, Ov. : Catulus 
 remained b., we went down to our skiffs, 
 Catulus remansit ; nos ad naviculas 
 nostras descendimus, Cic: you think 
 that there is something b., which must 
 be guarded against, subesse aliquid 
 putas quod cavendum sit, Cic. : to kick 
 out b., recalcitrare, Hor. 
 
 behindhand : P h r. : <Ae consul 
 promises that he will not be b. in sup- 
 porting thf stnate, consul senatui se 
 non defuturuin polliceiur, Caes. : the 
 tiork is b., *upus parum proccciit, tar- 
 datur V. IN akrear. 
 
 behold (i"0" 1. conspiclo, spexi, 
 spectuni. } : to b. the rising of the sun. 
 Soils orium c, Cic: at length she b.s 
 the citadel of Minerva, tandem Trito- 
 nida conspicit arceni, Ov. : v. to look 
 AT, SEE. 2, conspicor, i . v. to 
 CATCH sight of. 3. tiieor, ttiitus, 2 
 
 (poet ) V. TO GAZE. 
 
 behold (as an exclamation) : 1. 
 ecce (regularly followed by 710m., but 
 sometimes by cux.) : but b., I see the old 
 man, ecce autem, video senem, Ter. 
 just as I am writing this, b., here is 
 your friend Sebosus, quum haec niaxime 
 scriberem, ecce tibi Sebosus ! Cic : b. 
 me (=here I am), ecce me, Ter. : PI. 
 in the comic writers ecce often contracts 
 with eum, earn, eos, eas, into eccum, i 
 eccam, etc. : PI. I'er. Ecce is often ' 
 used to call attention to something 
 al)out to be said : when it indicates sur- 
 prise only : as, b., the news comes, ecce 
 
 nuntiatur, Cic. 2. Sn (constr. same 
 as ecce) : 6., the consul is here, he sayt, 
 consul en, inquit, adest, Liv. ; PI. Often 
 used like ecce to call attention 10 what 
 is to be said ; when it oenotes indig- 
 nation or irony: as, 6. what interpre- 
 ters of treaties, en foederum interpretes ' 
 Cic. : V. LO. 
 
 beholden : obnoxlus : lam b. to my 
 wife, uxori ob. sum, Ter. : all Greece 
 lias b. to the Romans for the blessing of 
 itsfretdom, toiatiraeci.i beneficio liber- 
 tatis obnoxia Itomauis erat, Liv. : v. 
 
 OBLIGED. 
 
 beholder: spectator (often of spec 
 tators at plays, etc. : q. v.) : or esp. m 
 pi. spectans : as, do not all things fill 
 the b.s with culmiration f *nonne haec 
 omnia spectantesadmiratione afficiuut? 
 
 behoof: v. advantage, benefit. 
 
 behove ("• impers.)-. eportet (foil, 
 by ace. and inf.) : v. ought ; it is the 
 
 DUTY OF, ETC. 
 
 being {subs.): |. Existence (no 
 
 precise word) : Phr.: to deny the b. 
 of the gods, deos esse negare ; decs s. 
 deorum naturam toUere, Cic. (N.B. 
 The substantive existentia belongs to 
 modern writers ■ the infin. existere 
 sometimes takes lis place : as, to the 
 nature of substance pertains b., *ad na- 
 turam substantiae pertlnet existere, 
 Spinosa.) ||. A person : 1. hOmo, 
 inis, c. (a human b.) : I am a human 
 b. atid think nothing relating to man 
 uninteresting to myself, h. sum, humani 
 nihil a me alienum puto, Ter. : the 
 mother's stupidity is such that no one 
 can call her a rational b., mairis ea stul- 
 titia est nt earn nemo hominem appel- 
 lare possit, Cic. 2. natura (laie) : 
 every intelligent b., omnis intelligens 
 n., Amob. i. ji. (N.B. The subs, ent 
 belongs to the language of the school- 
 men.) Phr.: to regard the gods as 
 finite b.s, *deos finita natura esse cre- 
 dere : O thou august b., *0 tu numen 
 augustum (v. power): no finite b. is 
 eUrnal, "■nihil quod est natura finitum, 
 est aeternum. The ."Supreme Being : 
 •ille optimus et maximus; numen illud 
 m:Lxinium atque supiemum. 
 
 belabour : 1. obtundo, tudi, ti- 
 
 sum, } (rare in lit. sense : v. to deafen) : 
 / have been very badly b.'d with fists, 
 sum obi usus pugnis pessume, PI. 2. 
 mulco, 1 : he b.'d all thr slaves to death, 
 omnem familiam usque ad mortem mul- 
 cavit, Ter. : also verberibus m., Tac. : ▼. 
 
 TO BEAT. 
 
 belated: v. benighted. 
 
 belay : I, to block up : q. t. 
 
 II, to fasten : q. v. 
 
 belch : 1. ructo, 1 : it was dis- 
 graceful for him to b., ex r. turpe erat, 
 Cic. :' Juv. : to b. out blood, cruorem r , 
 Sil. 2. eructo, i (to b. furtli) : you 
 drove us out by b.ing, tu nos eruciiindo 
 ejecisti, Cic. : Fig. : 'JUrtarus 6..v forth, 
 dreaiiful fires, Tartarus horrificus «r 
 aestus, Lucr. 
 
 belching: ruciiis, us: Cic: Mart. 
 
 beldam ; v. old woman, hag. 
 
 beleaguer : obsideo : v. to besiege, 
 blockade. 
 
 belfrey : *turris campanis instructa 
 (campanile : M.L.). 
 
 belie : \. To beat variance with : 
 ' to b. the tenm- of his life ' (Burke), i. e. 
 by acting inconsistently ivith it, *ali- 
 quid in se adniiltere quod a vita sua 
 priori abhorreat : v. inconsistent, to 
 BE: his appearance b.d his aye, 'annos 
 dissimulabat species ac vultus : v. to 
 HIDE, DISGUISE: men whose conduct b.s 
 their prcifessions, *qui alind prae se 
 fei-unt, aliud peragunt ('qui Curios si- 
 mulant et Bacchanalia vivunt,' Juv.). 
 
 II. To counterfeit, mimic : q.v. 
 
 III. 'I'o misrepresent, to calumi- 
 niate, q. \. nialMico. 
 
 belief: I. I'he assent of the mind 
 induced by evidence : \. fides. e\,f. : 
 lo give b. to evidence, testimonio f. tribu- 
 ere, Cic. : the speech inspires b., f. facit 
 oratio, Cic. . foil, by ace. and inf. : Cic.: 
 to pass all b., bninem 1. excedere, Soet. : 
 beyond human b., supra bumanam £,
 
 BELIEVE 
 
 BELONG 
 
 BENCH 
 
 Plln. 2. opinio, onis,/. (weaker than I house-bell ; used aUo as a Btoiial in the 
 
 fides, but stronger than the Kng. opi- 
 num : q. r.) . a b. in the imminlal gixh 
 is fourvl in all persmis, op. de diis im- 
 mortalibus omnium est, Cic. : / Mieve 
 Romulus to havK enleitaintd the b. that 
 the science of auyunj cimsists in the ait- 
 ticipatUm of events, credo Hiinmlum 
 hahuisse op., in providendis rebu.s esse 
 augurandi scientjuni, Cic. : the b. in im- 
 mortalitij, *op. ininiortalitatis (based 
 on Cic). 3, persuSsio (a settled con- 
 viction) : Quint.. .Suei. Phr. : narra- 
 tions worthy oj'b., narrationescredibiles, 
 Cic; V. CREUIBLK: f«*y «/"/)., credulus : 
 V. CUKDULOLS. il. Opinion : q. v. 
 
 Ill, TlieoUni'ial opinion : religio : v. 
 RELIGION. IV. <^-'>«"«i, q. V. "formula 
 dogniatis (-utn) tlieologiae. 
 
 believe'. I. Ti> leijardasprored-. 
 1. credo, didi, dilum, ; (with ace. 
 OT ace. andi/)/.): lliul uas b.d because 
 it seemed probable, id credeliatur quia 
 simile vero videbatur, Cic. : / have 
 heard imleed nhat you say from my 
 elders, but Itave necer been induced to 
 b. it, audivi equidem ista de niajoiibus 
 natu, sed nunquam sum addnciiis ut 
 credereni, Cic: men genoaUy readily 
 b. ii'hat they n-ish, lere libt-nter lioniines 
 id quod volnnt oredunt, Cae.s. . you are 
 right not to b. about the numlw.r of the 
 soUiiers, recte non credls de riunieru 
 militum, Cic: ve b. that tliey forest e 
 the future, eos fiitura piospii-crc credi- 
 mus, Cic. In the pass, voice the per- 
 sonal is preferred to the inipi'rsonal 
 form; as, it zs b.d that Athos uas once 
 traversed by sails, creditur olini velifi- 
 catus Athos, Juv. : Ov. 2. porsuiideo, 
 8Ua.<i, suasuni, 2 (with dat. of pron. 
 reflect. : this differs from cndo as im- 
 piying thai the will has been employed 
 in producing the belief; the literal 
 meaning being " to jiersitade oneself") .- 
 / would wish you to b. that I will on 
 no occasion fail to second your plans, 
 velim tll)i ita persnadeas me tuis con- 
 sillis nuUo loco defuturum, Cic. : nho 
 would b. Uiis f quis hoc sibi persuade- 
 ret ? Caes. : ve ought all to b. that 
 nothing should lie dioie unjustly, nobis 
 persuasimi esse debet, nihil in,jiisie esse 
 faciendum, Cic: / nerer coulii b. that 
 souls die, milii niniqiiam p^Tsuaderi 
 potuit aiiinios eiuori, Cic I'lir. : the 
 thing nas b.d, res fidem babul i, Ov. : 
 this is more than can be b.d, hoc est 
 extra IWem, Sen. ; supra f., I'liii. ; v. 
 BELIEF ; / 6. in or on (as theol. t), credo 
 in Deum, etc , Symbol, to cause to h., 
 V. TO CONVINCE, i'Eii.SLAi)E ; to make b., 
 
 T. TO PRETKMi, FEICN. ||. To have 
 
 faith or amjitience in: credo, j (with 
 dat.): I knotv that he will b. me nith- 
 out an oath, injurato scio credet inihi, 
 PI.: believe me (i.e. taJ;e my word), 
 mihi crede or (less freq.) crede roihi, 
 Cic. ; w-ill he say that he whom he haj< 
 himself b.d ought not to l>eli.d r ei nega- 
 bit credi oporteie ciii ipse crwljiterii .> 
 Cic. • / don't uiidetsiand why tin- risions 
 of dreamers should be b.d, cur credalur 
 somnianiium visis non intelligo, Cic. : 
 b. me, [ viiuld folhnr thee, crede mihi. 
 te sequerer, Ov. : they are b.d, illis cred 
 itur, .Juv. I'hr. • men b. in just an4 
 trusty p<rsons, jiislis et tidis honiinibus 
 tides habetiir, Cic. : the xnsiioiis of the 
 mad are not to In' b.d, insanorum visis 
 fides non est habenda, Cic. ; to b. evi- 
 dence, testinionio lideni tribucre, Cic. 
 to b. in imaginary things, fidem com- 
 mentlciis relius adjungere, Cic. : v. con- 
 fidence, TO TRf.sT. Ill, To be of 
 opinion, to think, suppose ; q. v. ar- 
 bitror, pato. 
 
 believer : 1. qui credit, etc. : V. 
 TO believe. 2. credens, entis ; all 
 b.s were baptized, onmes cr. tingueban- 
 tur, Tert. ■ •' thou didst open the kingdom 
 of heaven to all b.s," aperuisli creden- 
 tibusregnacoelorum, I'e Deum. I'hr. ; 
 a b. in the Chi-istian religiim, qui (idem 
 domlnicam tenet, Cypr. Ep. 6. ? ; catho- 
 Drae et apostolicie fidei cultor, Preces 
 
 UliCMle: V. FAITHFUL. 
 
 bell: 1. tintinnabulum (o small \ 
 
 public bath.0, etc) : the b. never rings by 
 chance ; unless some one pulls it or 
 .^ak-'s it, it is mute, is silent, nunquam 
 temere tinnll tintinnabulum ; nisi qui 
 illod fractal aut movet, nmtum est, 
 facet, PI. : the sound or ring of a b., 
 s<jniiu6 s. pulsus tintliinabuli, Plin. . 
 Paul. Nol.; b.s used generally to hang 
 at the doors, I. fere januis dependebant, 
 Suet.: tit ring a b., I. pulsate, .Juv.: 
 tintinnabellum, a little b. : Forcell. 
 2. *campana (a large cliurch or 
 alarm b.): M. I.,.; a passing b., c tune- 
 bris; a peal of b.s, *series campaiia- 
 rum; the clapper if a b., cainpanae 
 malleus. Phr.: the bal/i-b. rings, aoiial 
 aes thermarum. Mart, (so aes is u.>cil for 
 any instrument of Inass) : the nightly 
 alarm-b. rings, sonat aes iiocturnum : 
 cf. Veil. I, 4 ; fig. to bear the b., palniam 
 ferre; omne ferre punctum, Hor. 
 
 bell-flower: 'campanula: M.I,. 
 
 bell-founder: V-ampiliiarius; M.L. : 
 cani|MrjariHu lusor (Kr.). 
 
 bell-foundry : *campanarum oflB- 
 cina(Kr.). 
 
 bell-man : *<iui tintinnabulum agi- 
 tal prai'co ; v. also ciilEU. 
 
 bell-metal ; *«es Ciimpanarum (Kr.). 
 
 bell-ringer; *'ani|aiiarius; M.Iy. : 
 
 caniiciiiarura agitaior (Kr.). 
 
 bell-shaped : '*iorniani campanae 
 habens .v. reierens. 
 
 bell-wether: *verve.\ tintinnabulo 
 indiitus ut gregeiM diic.it. 
 
 belle : formOsii puella ; V. REACTI- 
 FtTI,. 
 
 belles-lettres ; 1. Kterae e.xqui- 
 
 sitae (or peril, e.xquisiliores): Cic. 2. 
 lilxTales docirinae atque ingenuae.Cic. : 
 
 V. LITEUATURE. 
 
 belligerent ("<(?■ and subst.) : i. 
 
 belligerans. untis; Cic : Liv. 2. 
 
 bellans, antis . Caes.: Cic. 3. bel- 
 llger, era, grum (poet.) ; Ov. 
 
 bellow : mugJo, 4 ; the oxen had b.'d. 
 iKives mugierant, Mv. : ymi b. in reply 
 lo my I' ords, ad niea verba remugis, Ov. : 
 the Ionian sea b.ing back to the south 
 vtind, lonius remugiens sinus Noto, 
 
 Hor. V. BELIXIWING. 
 
 cujus or cqjum ; cf. Virg. E. j, i) ncnc 
 es? Tuus, PI.: Cic: Uiingt that b. tc 
 others, TfA dhenae, Cic. S.tt. .Soiiiewbal 
 similar is the use of the dat. with sura 
 (v. U (}. ^ 262), but while the gen. or 
 postess. aAj. asserts ownership, the dot. 
 simply asserts possession: v. to havk. 
 II. To be the cimcem or character- 
 istic of: also e.\pr. by sum with jm. or 
 possess, adj. .- the subjixt b.s to your pru- 
 dence, jurymen, vestri coiisilii, judices, 
 res est, Cic. ; to you, certainly, if to any 
 one, it b.'d to reckon nothing except 
 virtue among advantages, erat, si ciijus- 
 quain, eerie tuum nihil praeter virtutem 
 hi bonis ducere, Cic : rashnrss b.s to 
 youth, prudence to advancing age, leine- 
 ritas est floremis aetaiis, pri'ideniia sen- 
 escentis, Cic. X.U. In neitiier of the 
 above cases must the person to whom 
 a thing belongs be e.xpr. I.y the gen. of 
 a personal pron. I'hus, it bj to you, 
 me, us, tuum, meum, nostrum est; not 
 tui, mei, etc |||. To relate to, con- 
 cern : 1. attinet, tinuit, 2: this busi- 
 ness bs to me, negotium hoc ad me at., 
 PI. ; wfuit b.s to tiMt state shall be ex- 
 plained in another pljfe, alio loco quod 
 ad earn civiiatem at. demonstrabitnr, 
 Cic 2. pertinet, 2 ; that mailer b.s 
 to my office, ilia res ad meum officiuni 
 
 p., Cic. : V. TO CONCERN, RELATE TO. 
 
 beloved : 1, dllectus (denoting 
 
 affection and esteem: v. to i.ove;: b. 
 .)/utce;/«.s dilecte M. ! Hor.: Virg. 2. 
 earns : v. dear. 3. 
 
 FAVOLTifTE. 
 
 below: A. Prep. 
 
 /oicer doum than : 1. 
 
 ace.) : the sea is b. the town, mare inf. 
 oppidum est, Cic: tliesea nhich washes 
 it b., mare quwi alluit inf.. Virg. ( = 
 mare inferum). 2, subier (with ace. 
 or less freq. ab/.): v. beneath, tinder. 
 II, Of rank or dignity: infra- to 
 consitler everything to lie b. oneself, 
 omnia iiif.se es.*e judicare, Cic. : a client 
 is b. slaves, inf. servos est cliens. Veil.; 
 
 V. UNDERNEATH, B. .\ d V. : |. 
 
 Of place: 1. infra: / have written 
 b., infra scripsi. Cic: a copy of it (Ut* 
 letter) is given b., quarum exempliin 
 
 gratus : v. 
 
 I. Of place; 
 infra (with 
 
 bellowing (x»&s.) : mugitus, us : to inf. scriptum, &ill. 
 
 rai*e. /ear/«rfc..s horrendos in. toUere: 
 cf. Virg. A. 2, 222: also, m.ciere, Virg.; 
 m. dare, edere, Ov 
 
 bellows, a pair of: foUis, i.s, ra. .- 
 
 Cic. : Hor. ; a blacksmith's b., f. fabrilis, 
 Liv. 
 
 belly (subs.) : I. That part of the 
 body which contains tlie organs if diges- 
 tion : 1. venter, trls, m.: i:ic : the 
 b. is sometimes pierced, nonmiiiquaiii 
 venter perforatur, Cels : the bottom if 
 tlir !>., imus venter, Cels. 2. ventri- 
 culiis (more precisely the stomach, and 
 in present sense rare); Juv. 3. 
 
 alHiomen. inis, n. (prop, tite external 
 covering of the intestines) : Cels. The 
 word is chiefly used in the sense of 
 gluttmiy (q v.): he is the slave of his 
 6., natus ab<iomiiii suo est, Cic. : 'Per. 
 4. uterus (prop, the vomb, and 
 in present sense rare) . the diaphragi* 
 separates thv b. from the chest, traiis- 
 versum septum a praecordiis uterimi 
 diducit, Cels. : .fiiv. : Lucaii. 5. alvns, 
 i,/. (more jiroperly designates the lover 
 contentsof the b.): v.ixnvEiij, entraii>. 
 Phr. a b.-fnlt, cibi satieias, Cic. ||. 
 That uhiih icsembles the b.ofan animal . 
 1. venter: iheb.of a put. v lagenae, 
 Juv.; Pri.p. Virg. '2, iiteiu-. of the 
 wooden horse, Virg. (several times). 
 the b. if a vol, ut. dolii. Col. 3. sinus, 
 fis : tlie full b.s of the sails, velorum 
 pleni s.,"l'rop. : Virg.: Quint. |||. 
 
 The stomach : q. v. : stOmachus. |y'. 
 The u-oinb: q. v. vulva. 
 
 belly (''•)■■ tunieo v. TO SW-KLL OUT, 
 I'KIMK'T. 
 
 belly-band : ventrale, is, n. : Plin. • 
 Ulp. 
 belly-god ; heiuo .- v. glutton. 
 
 belong: I. To be the projierty if : 
 Expr. hy veri; esse ami gen. or possess. 
 adj of the person to uv'io;n: n,s to vhinn 
 (to you b. notv7 'l\j you, t^ojus (= 
 
 2, dSor.-iim 
 
 (nearly always of motion) : v. down- 
 wards, LOWER DOWN. 3. SUblSf. 
 all the'e things above and b., omnia 
 haec quae supra et suhler, Cic. : Lucr. 
 II. On the earth (as opp. to heaven) : 
 in terris ; v. earth ; (Cic.'s " infra sc. 
 lunam nihil est ni^i morule," etc., has 
 reference solely to the dream of .Scipio : 
 Re|). 6, I-). III. Jn or to Me regions 
 of the dead: intra: there art no com- 
 flekbs b., non seges est infra, Tib. Phr.: 
 the shade cf me will go b., mei sub terra* 
 ibit imago", Virg. : the laws of the gods 
 are in force b., sub UTiis "sunt jura 
 deiini. Prop : threeh'-aded Cerberus b.. 
 triceps apud inferos Cerberus, Cic. 
 
 belt : balteus (a sword belt) : Caes. : 
 Virg. : V. girdle. 
 
 belted : baligiJtiis; Mar. (ipell. 
 
 bemire : liHo inquinaie, illinere: t 
 TO BKKjri.. be.«mkak, mire. 
 
 bemoan; 1. gCmo, ui, Ttum, }•- 
 to b. in silence the sad vicissitude of 
 fortune, tacite g. tristem fonunae vicem, 
 I'haedr. : with tears b.ing Jtys, Ityn 
 flebiliter pemens, Hor. ; these things the 
 good b.'d. the bad hoped for. haec geme- 
 bant bcni, sperabant improbi, Cic. 2, 
 inggino, }; to 6. any ones death, ali- 
 cujiis iiiteritum in., Virg.; in pros* 
 more usu. with dat.: they b.'d their 
 condition, ingemueriiiit conditioni suae, 
 Liv. 3, ingfmisco, ;• v. to groan, 
 TO bewail. 
 
 ben. or ben-nut : bsiannp, i. m. 
 and/.: Hor.: Plin.: oil cif b«n, balani- 
 nuiu oleum, Plin. 
 
 bench : |. a seat .- 1. scamnum 
 (prop, a stool for numiiting: scando) : 
 to sit upon long b.s, longis ronsidere «., 
 Ov. : Cels. 2. suhsellium (only for 
 
 sitting on : usu. in plu.): the bjs 'if the 
 senate, subsellia -senatus. Cic : to rit on 
 the prosecutors^ bj, io accuaatorum sob- 
 selliis sedere, Cic. : Quint. 3. trm 
 
 7j'
 
 BENCHER 
 
 BENEFIT 
 
 BENZOIC 
 
 strum (Jor rowers) : Caes. : Virg. ||. 
 The b. of an artificer or tradesman : 
 mewia : a batcher's b., in. lanionia. Suet. : 
 Hor. Ill, Esp. a seat for judges; 
 and hence, a court of justice : 1. sub- 
 aellia (v. supr.) : the tribune of the 
 people made the same accusation in the 
 assemblies, t>i£ same before the b., accu- 
 sabat tribunus plebis idem in contioni- 
 bus, idem ad s., Cic. : biU come, ilo not 
 for ever think about the forum, the b., 
 the rostrum, and the senate-house, age 
 vero, ne semper forum, s., rostra, curi- 
 amque meditere, Cic. 2. Judicium: 
 V. COURT. 3. consessus lis: v. as- 
 sembly. 4. *bancus, iVI. L. : the King's 
 Bench, *Bancus Regius, M. L. 
 
 bencher (of an inn of law): *advo- 
 catus senior, or advocatorum praeses (.'). 
 
 bend (»•■)• A. Trans.: |. To 
 move from a straight line : 1. flecto, 
 flexi, fie.\um, j : to It. a bow, arcum f., 
 Virg. ; every animal b.s its limbs in 
 whatever direction it wishes, animal 
 omne membra quocunque vult f., Cic. 
 2. mflecto, J : to b. a staff, bacillum 
 In., Cic. : Prop. 3. curve (i. e. to 
 curve, round): fie bent the flexile bow, 
 curvavit fle.\ile comu, Ov. : limbs bent 
 with old age, curvata senio membra, 
 Tac. 4. inclino, i (to cause to lean) : 
 some of the oxen had bent their knees on 
 the yellow sands, pars bourn fulvis 
 genua inclinarat arenis, Ov. : v. to 
 BEND DOWN. ||, To direct (q. v.) . 
 esp. in phr. to b. one's course : 1, 
 tendo, tfiteiidi, tensum and tentum, j : 
 they bent their coarse towards Spain, 
 iter in Hispaniam tendebant, Hirt. : 
 more freq. without a substantive; / 
 doubt whether to b. my coarse towards 
 Venusia : dubito an Venusiam tendam, 
 Cic. : backtvard b.ing his course, retro 
 tendens cursum, Sii. 2. flecto, j 
 (implying an alteration or winding of 
 route) : we lient our course tuwards the 
 left, fleximus in laevum cursus, Uv. ; f. 
 Iter ad aliquem locum, Liv. : also with- 
 out any subs. (post-Ciceron.) ; Hasdru- 
 bal, finding the passage of tlve river 
 closed, bent his course Unvards the Ocean, 
 H. clauso transitu fluminis ad Oceanum 
 flectit, Liv. 3, inclino (like flecto; 
 but less frequent): v. to lean, incune. 
 Ill, To apply to a particular pur- 
 pose . q. V. \\f. To svhlue : rendei- suJ>- 
 missive : 1, domo, ui, itum, 4 (i e. to 
 tame, quell, subdue : q. v.); their energy 
 had bent all things to its s^vay, virtus 
 omniadomuerat, Sail.: Hor. 2. flecto, 
 
 i: V. TO PREVAIL UPON, INFLUENCE. 
 
 B. I n t r a n s. : |, To deviate 
 from a straight line : 1, flecto, j 
 (with pron. r^fiect. or pass.) : I b. into a 
 snake, Sector in anguem, Ov. 2. 
 inflecto, j (like flecto) . the iron had 
 bent, ferrum se inflexerat, Caes. ||. 
 To make a bend : v. bend (subs.). 
 
 back : 1. reflecto, J : to 
 
 bend b. the head, caput r., Cat. : a neck 
 bent b., cervix reflexa, Virg. 2. 
 rfisflpino, i : to bend b. the nostrils ': 
 nares r.. Quint. : turtle-doves bend b. 
 their necks, turtures colla.r., Plin. 
 
 ■ down: I. I'rans. ; 1. 
 
 deflecto, j : to bend d. the bough of an 
 olive tree, ramum olivae d.. Col. 2. 
 inclino, i (to lean or slope) : the tree 
 bends d. its foliage, arbor in. comas, 
 Mart. : v. to weigh down. ||, 
 
 Intrans.: deflecto, With r^. pron. ur 
 as pass. : cf. to bend. 
 
 bend (twte.) : 1. flexus, iis: in a 
 b. of the road, in flexu viae, Liv. : the 
 ears liave horny passages and those ivith 
 many b.s, aures corneulos habent intrn- 
 itus multisque cum flexibus, Cic. 2. 
 antractus, us: v. winding. 3. curva- 
 men, inis, n. : Ov, : I'lin. 4. curva- 
 tiira : Vitr. : Plin. Phr.: to make a 
 b.: 1, flecto, j (with pron. r^., or 
 ais pass.) : the irimd makes a b. to the 
 left, silva se flectit sinislrorsus, Cae.s. : 
 the Euphrates maka a b. to the south, 
 KuphratPs ad meridiem fleclitur, Plin. 
 2. inflecto, j the bay mo.kes a b. 
 towards the city, sinus ad urbem inflec- 
 titur, Cic. 3, inclino, i (usu. reflect.) : 
 -t6 
 
 bodies Tnust make a trifling b. in, paulum 
 inclinare necesse est corpora, Lucr. : to 
 b. towards anyone, inclinari ad aliquem. 
 Quint. 
 
 bending (subs.) .• 1, flexio : a 
 
 b. of the sides (of oratorical action), 
 laterum f., Cic. 2. inclinatio (like 
 flexio) : the b. of the body, corporis in., 
 Cic: Quint. 3. flexura: Lucr.: Suet.: 
 virtue is straightforward : it admits of 
 no b., virtus recta est ; fl. non recipit. 
 Sen. 4. dedinatio (bending aside) : 
 Cic. 
 
 beneatb: A. Prep.: |, U7tder: 
 q. V. : sub, subter. ||, Too loui or 
 
 mean to deserve notice, etc. : infra 
 (with ace.) : the unconquered man mast 
 despise human affairs and think them b. 
 him, necesse est invlctum res liumanas 
 dfspicere alque inf. se positas arbitrari, 
 Cic. : that is b. t)te duty of a gramma- 
 rian, id inf. grammatici officium est, 
 Quint. Phr.: / consider this disgrace- 
 ful, and b. me, hoc turpe et me iiidignum 
 puto, Cic. : V. above, to be. B. 
 Adv.: subter: v. beloW. 
 
 benediction: benedlclio: the solemn 
 words of ihe b., benedictionis verba so- 
 lennia, Sulp. Sev. : v. blessing. 
 
 benefaction : v. benefit, donation. 
 
 benefactor : > Kxpr. by \erb : as, 
 
 benefactress '.i to be a great li. to the 
 state, *p\\XTiiui\ beneficiain rempublicam 
 conferre ; civitiitem beneflciis ornare, 
 Cic. : he is a real b. who acts kindly, not 
 for his own but for anothei's sake, bene- 
 ficus est qui non sui sed alterius causa 
 benigne facit, Cic. 
 
 benefice : *ben6ncium ecclesiasti- 
 cum: M. L. 
 
 beneficed : beneficlarlus : a b. cler- 
 gyman, clericus b. : M. L. 
 
 beneficence : beneficentia : what is 
 more excellent than goodness and b. ? 
 q^uid praestantius bonitate et b.? Cic.: 
 lac. 
 
 beneficent: bgneflcus: the gods are 
 b. and friends of the human race, dei 
 sunt b. generique horainum amici, Cic. : 
 a b. will, b. voluntas, Cic. 
 
 beneficently : benefice : to act b., 
 b. facere, Gell. 
 
 beneficial : 1. salutarls, e : the 
 cultivation of the Soil is b.for the ivliole 
 human race, hominum generi universo 
 cultura agrorum est s., Cic: a plant b. 
 for the nen-es, herba nervis s., Plin. 2. 
 iitilis, e : the juice of liquorice is most b. 
 to the voice, glycyrrhizae succus utilissi- 
 mus voci, Plin. : Cic; Mart.: v. useful. 
 Phr.: to be b. : 1, prosum, fiii, pro- 
 desse (with dat.: or absol.) : / take a 
 bath because it is b. ; wine, bc'-ause it is 
 not injurious, balineura assumo quia 
 prodest ; vinum quia non nocel, Plin. : 
 Cic. : Hor. : v. to do good. 2. expc- 
 dit, 4 : V. expedient, to be. 3- con- 
 diico, duxi. ductum : ue cannot doubt 
 that those things which are most right 
 are most b., dubitare non possumus quin 
 ea maxime conducant quae sunt rectis- 
 sima, Cic. 4, facio, feci, factum, j 
 (of medicines): to be b. in strangury, 
 ad difficultatem urinae f., Plin. : Col. 
 
 beneficially: 1. saiubriter; to 
 
 use tveapoiis b., armis s. uti, Cic, 2. 
 utiliter: Cic: Hor.: v. usefullv. 
 
 beneficiary : beneticiarius : Sen. 
 
 benefit {subs.) -. \, a favour, kind- 
 ness (q. V.) : benSficium : you can confer 
 no greater b. upon me, majus mihi dare 
 b. nullum potes, Cic: I think that a b. 
 is better bestoued tipon the good than 
 upon the successful, melius apud bonos 
 quam apud fortunatos b. collocari puto, 
 Cic. II, Advantage, profit: q. v. 
 
 Phr.: I should tvish you to do uliat is 
 for your oum b., ego quae in rem tuam 
 sint, ea velim facias, Ter. 
 
 benefit (''•): A. Trans.: 1. 
 prosum, fui, prodesse (with dat.) : they 
 b. neither themselves rwr their fellow- 
 creatures, nee sibi nee alteri prosunt. 
 Cic: what does it b. me to feign f quid 
 mihi fingere prodest? Ov. 2. Juvo, 
 jSvi, jutum, I (with ace): eloquence 
 b.'d the cause, juvit facundia causam, 
 Ov. : hthjsthe weary by his health-giving 
 
 skill, salutari juvat arte fessos, Hor 
 3. condiicit, duxit, j : usu. with 
 dat., V. BENEFICIAL: also acc: rains dc 
 not b. vines, imbres non conduciuit viies. 
 Plin : Cic. Phr.: he is not b.'d by this 
 exception, hac exceptione nou aflicitur 
 beneficio, Cic B. Intrans.: v. to 
 profit. 
 
 benevolence : benefTcientia (al. be- 
 ngficentia) . i. e. a general disposition 
 to do good to others : cf. Cic N. 1). i, 4}, 
 121, and Off. I, 7, 20, in which latter 
 place it is made synonymous with be- 
 nlguitas and liberalitas : v. genebosttv. 
 N.B. not simply benevolentia, which is 
 good-will (q. v.) towards any one. (In 
 Suei. Cal. J, singularis benevolentia sig- 
 nifies a remarkably amiable disposition.) 
 
 benevolent : 1. beneficus, comp. 
 beneflcentior, sup. beneficentissimus: 
 good-urill is gained by a b. intention, 
 even though the means should chance to 
 be lacking, voluntate b. benevolentia 
 movetur, etiam si res forte non suppeti(» 
 '^'" 2. benevolus: comp. benevo- 
 
 Cic. 
 
 Icntior, sup. benevolentissimus : i. e 
 ivell-disposed towards, kind. q. v. To 
 express the wide sense of the Kng. word 
 some adjunct is necessary : as, omnibus 
 erga omnes benevolus, etc. 3- be 
 nignus, libgralis : v. generous. 
 
 benevolently: bene vole, benevolo 
 animo : v. kindly. 
 
 benighted: I. Lit. Phr.: to b* 
 b., nocte opprimi, cf. Cic Sen. 14: wt 
 were b. in our journey, iter facientibus 
 nox intervenit : cf. Liv. 2J, 18. ||. 
 Fig.: tgnebrosus : a b. mind, t. cor 
 Pi-ud. 
 
 benign, benignant : bgnignus : v 
 
 KIND, GENF,K0US, FAVOURABLE. 
 
 benignity : bgnignitas : v. kindness 
 
 benignly : benigne : V. KlNDLV. 
 
 benison : ^'. blessing. 
 
 \>ent(adj.): I. Lit.: 1. curvus 
 the b. ploughman, c. arator, Virg. : v 
 CURVED. 2. pandus (esp. poet.): 6 
 boughs, p. rami, Ov.: Virg. ||, Fig. 
 eagerly devoted to anything : attentus : 
 ue are all too b. on wealth, attentioree 
 sumus ad rem omnes, Ter. : severe ana 
 b. on gain, asper et attentus quaesitis; 
 
 Hor. : V. DEVOTED TO. 
 
 bent-back: 1. resupinus: a neck 
 b. lack, ccjllum r., Ov. : a head b. back 
 caput r., Plin. 2. obstipus (cf. bent 
 FORWARDS, 2) : a necfc stiff and b. back 
 cervix rigida et ob.. Suet. : Hor. 
 
 bent-forwards : 1. pronus : hang- 
 ing b. forwards over (he lash, p. pende;i6 
 in verbera, Virg. : Varr. : v. stooping 
 2. obstipus (bent out of the per. 
 pendicular : cf. Lucr. 4, 516) ; with head 
 b. forwards, capite ob., Hor. 
 
 bent-inwards: camiirus: fioms b. 
 inwards, c comua, Virg. 
 
 bent (^''ft'') •• I, A curve: V. BEND 
 II. Inclination ; ingSnium (a na^ 
 tural b.) : to relivn to ones natural 6, 
 redire ad ing., Ter. : to live agreeably to 
 one's natural b., ing. suo vivere, Liv.. 
 V. NATURE, INCUNATION. Phr.: con- 
 trary to the b. of one's mind, invita 
 Minerva, Hor. 
 
 benumb: torpefacio, feci, 3 (rare)- 
 Non. More usu. expr. by torporem 
 afferre, inducere, obducere ; torpore affic- 
 ere, hebetare: v. numbness. (Obstu- 
 
 Sefacio occurs in this sense in Val 
 tax.): V. also BENUMBED. 
 
 benumbed (adj.): 1. terpens- 
 V. inf. 2. torpidus: Liv. (in fig 
 sense: V. stupified): Auson. Tobeb. 
 torpeo, 2- to be b. with intense cold. 
 gelu t., Liv.: fig. to be b. urith fear 
 metu t , Liv. To become ft. : 1. tor' 
 pesco, ui, J, part of the body becomes &. 
 pars corporis t., Plin. 2. obtorpesco 
 J : their hands had become b. through 
 fear, manus prae metu obtorpneraut 
 Liv. 
 
 benumbing (adj.)! 1, ignavus 
 
 (poet, and fig^ : 6. cold, ig. frigus. Ov 
 
 2, piger, gra, grum (poet.) : b. cold 
 
 p. frigora, Tib. : 6. old age, p. seneotuSk 
 
 Tib. 
 
 benzoic : bcozOicus ; b. acid, acidom 
 b., M. L. 
 
 d
 
 BENZOIN- 
 
 BESPATTER 
 
 BESTOW 
 
 benzoin: 1. benzoinum. 2. 
 Styracis lx>nzoini balsaniuni. M. L. 
 
 bequeath : 1. If'B". ' : "'* money 
 loos b.'d to Fabia by fu:r huabaml, Ka- 
 biae pecunia legata est a viro, Cic. : to 
 his ivife by will he b.s a large sum of 
 money to be paid by hts son, iixori tcsta- 
 menlo legal grandem pecuniani a filio, 
 Cic. 2. relego, i: Ulp. : v. to lkavk. 
 N.B. to b. one's (entire) estate to any 
 one must be expr. by heredem aliqueni 
 (ex asse) inslitiiere (v. hkib) . the lenn 
 legare iniphing only that sonietbiii;; is 
 left to a third party, to be jiaiil out of 
 the estate. 
 
 bequest: 1. ICKatum; Cic: Quint. 
 2. relegiilio: Ulp. 
 
 bereave : <>rbo, i : he tvas bereft of 
 his ^on, tilio orbatus est, Cic. . to be b.d 
 of a friend, aniico orliari, Cic. : yoii be- 
 reft Italy of its j/ou</i, orbabas llaliani 
 juventute,Cic. : the forum despoiled and 
 bereft of a learned, voice, tbruni voce 
 erudita spoliatum atque orbatum, Cic. : 
 
 T. TO DKPRTVE. 
 
 bereaver: orbator: Ov. 
 bereavement : orbitas .- Pi. : Cic. 
 
 V. I>1 iai\ ATION. 
 
 bereft: 1. orbus (usu. with abl., 
 rarely gen.) : the plebs b. of its tribujies, 
 plebs or. tribunis, Cic: b. of light, 
 luraine or., Ov. : o parent b. of his chil- 
 dren, parens liberoi urn or., Quint. 2. 
 captus: V. deprivkd. I'hr. : to be b., 
 careo, 2 . to be b of light, i. e., lije, 
 Ince c, Virg. : v. to be without. 
 
 bergamot-pear : *pirum Berga- 
 mense or Ktruscuin (Ains.) 
 
 berry : 1. bacca (al. baca) : an 
 olive b., oleae b., Cic: a myrtle b., b. 
 myrti, Ov. : a laurel b., lauri b., Virg. 
 2. baccfila (a k-mall b.) : Plin. 3. 
 acinus (a juicy b. with, seeds) : Col. : 
 Plin. 
 
 berry-bearing : 1. baccTfer, era, 
 
 crura; I'lin. : Sen. 2. baccalis, e • 
 
 Plin. 
 
 berth : I. space for a slap at 
 anchor: static ; v. A^CHOBAGF.. ||, 
 A cabin: q. v. |||, A p'ace, situation : 
 q. V. Phr. to give any one a ivide b., 
 idiquem longe fugere, Hor. 
 
 beryl : beryllus : Juv. : Plin. 
 
 beseech: 1. quaeso, ? (rare ex- 
 cept in pres. tense and 1. pers. sing. 
 and pi.) : I b. you to give me this indul- 
 gence, quaeso a vobis ut niihi detis banc 
 veniam, Cic . we b. you to permit this, 
 id uti permittatis quaesumus, Liv. 
 tfrite often to me, I b., tu, quaeso, crebro 
 ad me scribe, Cic. 2. obsecro, i : ne 
 b. you to take us under your protection, 
 te obsecramus nos in custodiam tuam 
 ul recipias, PI. : how, I b. you, is my 
 Attica ? Attica mea, obsecro te, quid 
 agit ? Cic. : V. TO entreat, pray. 
 
 beseem: dScet: v. to become. 
 
 beset: I. To occupy, esp. with 
 
 noxious or hostile purpose : obsTdeo, sedi, 
 eesstim, 2 ; also obsido, j : others b. the 
 narrow passages in arms, obsedere alii 
 telis angusta viarum, Virg. : Cic. : v. to 
 BLOCK HP, INFEST. ||. 7b surround 
 hostikly, to set upon : 1. circumvenlo, 
 venl, ventum, 4; they b. all the ualls 
 vMh an army, cuncta moenia exercitu 
 circumvenere. Sail.: v. to encompass. 
 Hence fig. to press upon, harass, etc. : 
 being b. by enemies, circumventus ab in- 
 imicis, Sail. : many inconveniences b. an 
 old man, mulUi senem c. incommoda, 
 Hor. : Cic. 2. urgeo, ursi, 2; on this 
 tide the wolf b.s him, on that the dog 
 closei upon him, hac urget lupus, hac 
 canis angit, Hor. 
 
 besetting (.adj.) : *quod praecipue 
 urget: quod cuique praecipue prouura 
 est (sc. peccatura). 
 
 beshrew: v. to curse. 
 
 beside (prep) .- I. year, by, by 
 the side of: q. v. Phr.: to ualk b. 
 any one, alicul latus tegere, Hor. : to 
 sit b. a sick person, aegro assldere, Ov. 
 II. Over and above: v. besides. 
 III. Not belonging to : Phr.: I did 
 Hot think it b. my object to vrite thi-? lo 
 you, non putavi esse alienuni institulis 
 meis baec ad te scribere, Vic : but whether 
 
 it wag or wot not so, is quite b. the ptrint, 
 sed sive fuil slve non fnit, nihil ad rem, 
 Cic. • / am b. myself, non sum apud me, 
 
 llT. 
 
 besides : |. I'rep. .- l. praeter 
 (with ace.) : they each brought ten men 
 
 b. thnnselves, p. se denos adduxcrunt, 
 Caes. 2. praeterquam (adu. or conj.); 
 / ask for no renard b. the eternal re- 
 mifmbrance of this day, nullum prae- 
 mium postulo praeterq. bigus diei me- 
 morlam scnipitemam, Cic 3. "d 
 (= in addition to : with ace.) : b. other 
 wounds, to inflict this deadly blow, ad 
 cetera vulncra banc quoque mortiferam 
 plagam infligere, Cic. r l.iv. : csp. with 
 hoc, baec, id: b. this his long Ixard and 
 fuiir had giveit a iiHld look to his counte- 
 nance, ad hoc promissa barba et capilli 
 efferaverant specicm oris, Liv. : Sail. 
 Cic . cf. u)/. (ji.). II. Adv. : 1, 
 praetCrea : all the ships that he had b., 
 quidquid p. habibat navlum, Caes. : Cic. 
 Iav. 2. insuper (i. e. over and abore : 
 chiefly poet, and app. not In Cic.) : she 
 added these words b., haec ins. addidil, 
 Virg.. Liv. 3, ultro (of something 
 which goes beyond what has been said 
 or what was 10 be anticipated) he even 
 comes to accuse me b., eiiam me ul. 
 accusatum venit, Ter. • Cic 4. super 
 (chiefly poet.) . tlie gods had assented to 
 his prayer, and granted b. that he could 
 not be \iounded, voto deus annuerat de- 
 deratque s. ne saucius fieri posset, Ov. : 
 Liv. 5. ad hoc, ad haec; adhuc (i. e. 
 in addition to this, above this: comp. 
 supr. I) : with three cohorts, three troops 
 of cavalry, and veliles b., cum temis 
 cohortibus, temisque turmis, ad hoc 
 velitibus. Liv. : ad haec is esp. used 
 with reference U> something said before : 
 Cic. Am. q : (adhuc appears not to occur 
 in Cic. in this sense, but is found in 
 Qiiinl. and I'lin.): v. also, moreover. 
 
 besiege : 1. circumsedgo, sedi, 
 
 sfssum, 2 : to b. Mutina, Mutinam c, 
 Cic: Liv. Fig.: / am affected by the 
 tears of these persons by nhom you see 
 me b.d, moveor honim lacrimis a quibus 
 me circumsessum videtis, Cic. 2. cir- 
 cumsldo, 5 (of the act of sitting down 
 before a place): to b. Plistia, Plistiam 
 
 c, Liv Tac. 3. obsideo, 2 : to b. 
 Utica, Uticam ob., Cic. 4. obsTdo, j 
 (rare : differs from obsideo as circum- 
 sido from circumsedeo) : to b. the walls, 
 moenia ob.. Cat. 
 
 besieger: obsessor : Liv. : Tac. But 
 more freq. expr. by iniperf. part.: as, 
 the b.s were nearer starving than the 
 besieged, propius inopiam erant obsi- 
 dentes quam obses.si, I^iv. 
 
 besieging (subs.): 1. circum- 
 sessio : Cic. 2. obsessio : Caes. : v. 
 
 SIEGE. 
 
 besmear : 1. lino, levi, iitum, j 
 (less freq in prose) : the bees b. the air- 
 holes uith wax, apes spiramenta cera I., 
 Virg. : to b. the lids (of jars) with gyp- 
 sum, opercula gypso 1., Col. ; Ov. 2. 
 circumlino, j (to 6. all over) : the dead 
 were b.'d with wax, circumliti mortui 
 cera sunt, Cic. : to b. hives tvith cow- 
 dung, alvos fimo bubulo c, Plin. 3. 
 perlino, j (to b. all over) : to b. a jterson 
 all over with honey, aliquem melle p., 
 Apul. : Col. 4. coUino, } (about equiv. 
 to perlino, but rare): to 6. the face uith 
 drugs, ora venenis c, Ov. : Gell. 5. 
 illino, J : to b. torches oith pitch, faces 
 pice il., I.,iv. : Ov. g. oblino, ? : his 
 face was b.'d with his oion blood, oblitus 
 est faciem suo cruore, I'ac. . i'lin. 7. 
 allino, ? (rare); I'lin (N.B. Illino, ob- 
 lino, allTno, denote the smearing of a 
 substance upon something.) 8. p6r- 
 ungo, unxi, unctum, ?: with /aces b.'d 
 with uinelees, laecibus ora peruncti, 
 Hor. 
 
 besmeared: deilbutus, oblitus- Cic: 
 Hor. v. also To besmear. 
 
 besom : scOpae, arum (lit turigs) : 
 Cic. . Hor. 
 
 besot : '^'- to STUPIFV, INFATnATE. 
 
 besotted : v. stupid, infatuated. 
 bespatter: aspergo, si, sum, } (with 
 occ. and abi. ; or dat. and ace.) ; b.'d 
 
 with rain and mud, imbre lutoqae 
 aspersus, Hor. • to b. an altar with 
 blood aram sanguine asp. (which migtit 
 be, arae sanguliieni asp.), Liv.: v. 10 
 sprinkle on. 
 
 bespeak ; |. To order beforeliaud, 
 engage ; Phr.: / ttespoke a vessel to 
 convey us to Sicily, *navem parari jussi 
 quae nos In Siclliam veheret ; J shall b. 
 a pair of shoes of the shoemaker, *sutori 
 calceos mihi faciendos inandabo: v. to 
 hire. II, To address : q. v. : all6- 
 
 quor. Ill, To indicate, show: q. v. : 
 
 indtco. 
 
 bespread • v. to spread. 
 
 besprinkle: 1. conspergo, si, sum, 
 } (with ace. and abl.) : to b. tite doort 
 with wine, fores vino c, PI. Fig.: the 
 speech v.-as bui, as it were, with tIte 
 Jlowers of words and sentences, oratio 
 conspersa est quasi verbonim senten- 
 tiarumque floribus, Cic. 2. aspergo. 
 si, sum (with ace. and abl. : or dat. and 
 ace) : V. to sprinkle on. 3. irroro, 
 I (i. e. to sprinkle as with drops of dew : 
 constr. twofold like aspergo): to b. the 
 hair uith water, crinem aquis ir., Ov. : 
 also intrans. : tears b. the leaves, lacri- 
 mae irrorant folils. Ov. : v. to sprinkle. 
 
 best (adj.): super, to good: q. v. 
 Phr.. to oppose the enemy to the b. of 
 one's power, omnibus viribus atque opi- 
 bus hosti repugnare, Cic. : to act to the 
 b. of one's ability, pro viribus agere, 
 Cic. : / inquired what it would be b.for 
 me to write to you, quaesivi quid ad te 
 potissimum scriberem, Cic. • his conduct 
 is at b. suspicious, facta ejus, ut optime 
 (in optimam partem) ea interpretemur, 
 suspicionem habent (cf. Cic. Mur. ji, 
 64) : to the b. of my knoivledge, quantum 
 scio. Quint.; / uill do my b., sedulo 
 faciam, PI. : our men had the b. of that 
 battle, in eo proelio nostri superiores 
 fuerunt, Caes.; a good steward makes 
 the b. of everything, *bonl villici est ex 
 omnibiis rebus maximam utilitatem cap- 
 ere. to nmke the b. tf anything (unfor- 
 tunate), *optime veriere quae infeliciter 
 evenerint. 
 
 best (adv.): v. WELL. 
 
 bestial : bestialis, e : I'rud. : ▼. 
 
 BEASTLY. 
 
 bestir oneself: expergiscor, per- 
 rectus, J : 6^ Hercules, l.ibanus, you 
 had better now b. youn-elf, liercle vero, 
 Lilmne, nunc te meliust e.xpergiscier, 
 PI. • v.'hy then do you not b. yourselves t 
 quin igitur expergiscimini ? SalL: Cic: 
 
 V. TO EXERT ONESELF. 
 
 bestow^ I. To give, grant : 1. 
 tribuo, fii, utum, j (usu. of what is due : 
 V. TO A.'isiGN : with occ. and dat.) : we b. 
 the most (of our goodwill) tipon him by 
 whom we are most heloved, ei plurimum 
 tribuimus a quo plurimum deligimur, 
 Cic: to b. rewards, praeniia t., Caes. : 
 he had b.'d so much dignity upon the 
 Aeduan state, tantum dignitatis civltati 
 Aeduae tribuerat, Caes. 2. attribilo, 
 } : he has b.'d money upon me, mihi 
 pecuniam attribuit, Cic : v. to assign. 
 
 3. confgro, tali, latum, j (with ad 
 or in and ace.) : to b. a kindness upon 
 any one, bcneficium in aliquem c. Cic. 
 
 4. dono, I (with ace. and dat. or 
 ace. and abl^ : to b. immoi tality upon 
 any one, alicui tmmortaliialeni d., Cic: 
 to b. the franchise 'on any one. aliquem 
 civitate d., Cic: v. to present. 5. 
 impertio, 4 (to 6. a share: const, two- 
 fold, like dono): to b. a part of one's 
 property upon the needy, homifiibug in- 
 digentibus de re familiari im., Cic : 
 praise is b.'d upon my colleague, ool- 
 legae meo laus inipertitur, Cic: to 6. 
 a kiss on any one, aliqueni osculo imp.. 
 Suet. 6. largior, 4 (to b. freely or 
 bountifully : with ace. and abl.) : to 
 b. a dinner upon the hungry, c<>pnam 
 esurientibus 1., I'l. : nature b.'d upon 
 Hortensius the greatfst fluency and abi- 
 lity in speaking, Hortensio snmniam 
 copiam tacultatemque dlcendi natura 
 largita est, Cic. 7, reddo. didi. ditum, 
 J; V. to give, grant. 8. ti'ado, }: 
 V. to give, deliver up. II. 7b apply, 
 devote to: 1, tribno, attribuo, }:
 
 BESTOWAL 
 
 BETWEEN 
 
 BEWITCHING 
 
 ▼. TO GIVE, DBvoTE. 2. oonfero, } : 
 to b. care Hi>on erne's health, diligentiam 
 In valetudiiiem c, Cic. 3. impertio, 
 4 (to devote a portion of ones care, 
 etc.) : I bey of you to b. some tiiin'. upo)i 
 this consideration, too, a le peto ut ali- 
 quid impertias temporis huic quoque 
 cogiUtloni, Cic: Tac. 4. insuino, 
 sumpsi, sumptum, j (iisu. with in and 
 ace. or dat.): to b. expense upon any- 
 thing, sumptum in atiquam rem in., 
 Cic. : to b. labour in vain, operara frus- 
 tra in., Liv. to b. a few days on refit- 
 ting the fleet, paucos dies reBciendae 
 class! In., Tac. |||. To <jive in mar- 
 riage : colloco : v, to betroth. |V. 
 To deposit, store : q. v. 
 
 bestowal : larnltlo (i. e. liberal b.) . 
 the besiniral of citizenskip, 1. civitaiis, 
 Cic. (But usu. expr. by means of part 
 of verb: a.s, by Uie b. of favours, by cle- 
 mency, dando, ignoscendo, Sail.: v. to 
 
 BESTOW, GIVE.) 
 
 bestower: largitor (i. e. liberal, 
 lavish b.) : a b. of money, pecuniae 1., 
 Sail.: Liv. (But'usu. e.xpr. by pai'i. of 
 verb, as, the b. is looked upon irith more 
 favour than the receiver, *major dantem 
 quam accipientera sequitur gratia : v. 
 to bestow.) 
 
 bestrew : consterno, stemo, etc. • v. 
 TO stkew. 
 
 bestride : equlto, l (with prep.) : 
 to b. a long stick (i. e. to make a horse 
 of it, as children), e. in arundine longa, 
 Hor. : more fully, b.ing (the crocodile) 
 like a horse, dorso equitantium modo 
 impositus, Plin. 8, 25, ;8. Phr.: to b. 
 a horse, in equo sedere, Cic. 
 
 bet (.subs ) ; pignus, oris, n. : v. 
 
 WAGER. 
 
 bet ("■)•■ pignore contendere, certare ; 
 
 V. TO WAGF.B. 
 
 betake oneself (both 1 i t. and 
 
 fig-): 1. coufero, contuli. coUatum, 
 J (with pron. nfiect.)- the triliunts h. 
 themselves to Caesar, tribuni spse ad 
 Caesarem c, Caes. . to b rmeself to flight, 
 we in fugam c, Cic. Fig.: to b. oneself 
 to literature, se ad studia litcrarum c, 
 Cic. 2. recipio, cepi, ceptum, } (prop, 
 to b. oneself bocfe to a place . with /jron. 
 r^/J.) ; to b. themselves bai:k into their 
 chariots with all speed, se in currus citis- 
 sime r., Caes. : v. to rktirk, retltrn, 
 WITHDRAW. F i g. you b. yourself to 
 your old wily character, ad ingenium 
 vetus versutum te recipis tuuni, PI. 
 3. affero, attuli, allatum, j (with 
 pron. refi. or in pass.: chiefly poet.). 
 thiiu betakest thysdf hither, hue te atfers. 
 Virg. : PI.: Ter. (Bentl. e MS): ue b. 
 ourselves to the city, urbem afferimnr, 
 Virg. Phr.: to b. oneself to flight, se 
 in lugam or fugae dare. Cic. : v. flight . 
 to b. oneself to verses, se in versum con- 
 jicere, Cic. v. to go to, have re- 
 course to. 
 
 betel : *piper betele : Linn. 
 
 bethink oneself: respicio, spexi, 
 
 J : b. yourself (il your age, aetsilem tuam 
 respice, Ter. : presently they bethought 
 themselves of the gods, mox deos ro- 
 spexere, Tac. : v. to KECOLLtcT, bemem- 
 beb, reflect. 
 
 betide : v. to happex, befall. 
 
 betimes : mature : to set out b., m. 
 proficisci, Cic: Caes. : v. kably, soon. 
 
 betoken: i.e. to indicate, give inti- 
 mations of, forewarn of. 1. signi- 
 fico, I the u'ind b.s a storm, ventus 
 tempestatem s.. Col. 2. denuntio, 
 I : to b. war (of portents), bella d., Cic. : 
 
 v. to forebode, PROGNOSTICATE. 
 
 betony : vettonica : Plin. 
 
 betray: I. To deliver up treacher- 
 ously or act treacherously Unvards : 1. 
 prodo, didi, dltum, j : to b. a fleet to 
 pirates, classem praedonibus p., Cic. ■ to 
 b. one's country, patriara p.. Cic : to b. 
 one's followers, suos p., Caes. 2. 
 
 trado, } (less strong than prodo) : to b. 
 one's cause to the a/iversaries, tr. causam 
 adversariis, I'er. . Ov. : those tvho you 
 hoped would b. {their trust), you see are 
 acting as judges, quos tradituros spe- 
 (abas. Tides judicare, Cic. ■ v. also to 
 ABANDON. II. To disclose (what is 
 78 
 
 intended to be concealed, or is not ob- 
 vious) ■ 1, prodo, ; : to b. one's crime 
 in one's countenance, crimen vultu p., 
 Ov. 2. deiego, lexi, tectum, ; : tob. 
 a plan, consilium d., Liv.: speech b.s 
 the secrets of the soul, oratio animi 
 secreta d.. Quint. : v. to disclose. 3. 
 6I60, 2 (lit. to smell of) to b. the fact 
 (unintentionally) that one is a foreigner, 
 peregrinum o., Cic : to b. malice, mali- 
 tiam ol., Cic. |||. To mislead: q. v. 
 
 betrayal: proditio: the b. of a town, 
 p. oppidi, Caes. : b.s of friendships, 
 amicitiarum proditiones, Cic. (Or expr. 
 by part of verb : as, to form a plan 
 for (he b. of a friend, amici prodendi 
 consilium inire: v. to betray.) 
 
 betrayer: prodltor: the b. of his 
 country, p. patriae, Cic- v. traitor. 
 
 betroth: 1. spondeo, spupondi, 
 
 sponsum, 2 (used only ol the act of a 
 father or guardian of a marriageable 
 woman) : PI. 2. despundeo, 2 ■ to 6. 
 one's daughter to any one. tiliam alicu: 
 d., PI.: we have b'd TuUiola to i'iso, 
 TuUiolam Pisoni despmidimus, Cic. 
 (Note. The compound verb was more 
 frequently used in this sense. It is also 
 used with ref. to the father of the in- 
 tended husband.) 
 
 betrothal : 1. sponsalia, ium and 
 iorum, «. : to perform the ceremony of 
 b. in due form, sp. rite facere, Liv.; in 
 the form of ivords dictated, verbis dic- 
 tatis, Ov. : ttav of b., dies sponsaliorum, 
 Suet. 2. pactio nuptialis . Liv. 
 
 betrothed (pait. and adj.): 1. 
 sponsa (of course only of the tniiie : cf. 
 to betpoth) : Per. 2. pactus, a, um 
 (of either liride or bridegroom) : to uhose 
 son the daughter of Artavasdis is b., 
 cqjus hlio pacta est Artavasdis filia, 
 Cic. a b. son-inlaw, pactus gener, Ov. ; 
 Liv. 
 
 better (.adj.) .- compar. to good . 
 q. v. I. f referable. Phr. it is 
 
 better (impers.) 1. praestat, stltit. 
 
 1 . it ivould have been b. to die a thou- 
 sand times over, mori millies praestltit, 
 Cic. : it IS b to submit to the commands 
 of Gauls than of Romans, praesiaHiAl- 
 lorum quam Komanorum imperia per- 
 ferre, Caes. 2. satius est: it is b. 
 for a slave to know than to speak, scire 
 satius est quam loqul servum hominem, 
 PI. : no one ivas found to say that it 
 loas belter to die, repertus est nemo qui 
 mori diceret s. esse, Cic. 3. mehus 
 est: V. GOOD: often foil, by perf. Inf. 
 II, In improved health: Phr.: 1 
 understood from the letter tliat Len- 
 tulus was b.. Uteris int^llexi Lentulo 
 esse melius {dim. meliuscule, someirhat 
 b.), Cic. ■ lie has begun to be rather b., 
 meliusculus esse coepit, Cels. |||. As 
 subs.; the better^^the advantage : neither 
 party had the b. of the other, aequo 
 Marte discessum est, Liv. . wisdom al- 
 ways gets the b. of trravery, virtute 
 semper praevalet sapientia, Phacdr. : v. 
 advantage ( /in.). 
 
 better {adv.): v. well. Phr.: 
 nothing can be b., optume habet, PI.: 
 the affair begins to progress b. than 1 
 had expected, incipit res melius ire quam 
 putaram, Cic. you had b do this or that, 
 praestat, melius, satius esi, te aliijuid 
 facere, PI.: Cic. : v. better, adj (i.). 
 
 better («.) : v. to mend, impbo\ e. 
 
 between: I. frep.- inter (with 
 ace.) : if), of place : mount Jura is b. 
 the Sequani and the Helretii, mons Jura 
 est in. Sequauos et Helvetios, Caes. : 
 Caesar was b. me and Brundisium-, 
 inter me et Brundisium Caesar erat, Cic. 
 (ii). of time: between his frst and his 
 sixth consulship there were 46 years, ejus 
 in. primum el sextum consulatum >ex 
 et quadraginta anni inlerfuerunt, Cic. ■ 
 darkness had arisen b. the third hour 
 and the fourth, in. horam tertiam et 
 quartam tenebrae obortae fuerant. Liv. 
 (iii). of other relations : what difference 
 is there b. a citizen who aims at popu- 
 larity, and one who is consistent, strict, 
 and sedate:' quid interest in. popularem 
 civem et inter constantem, severum et 
 gravem? Cic: to decide b. opinions, in. 
 
 sententias dijudicare, Cic: lie brought 
 about peace b. the tiro states, pacem in. 
 duas civitates conciliavit, Nep. : hesi- 
 tating b. anger and fear, in. iram et 
 metum cunctatus, lac. : but let that be 
 b. ourselves, quod inter nos sit. Sen. 
 (N.B. The prep, is often strengthened by 
 means of medius as, he reclined b. Tar- 
 quinius and /'erj)e7viti,discubuit medius 
 inter T. et P., Sail. fr. : tliere is no alter- 
 native b. peace and nar, inter bellum et 
 pacem medium nihil est, Cic. : v. also 
 inf. phr.) Phr.: .Vegara, a city mid' 
 way b. Corinth and Athens, Megara, 
 media Corintho Atlienisque urbs, Veil. : 
 6. Pollux and Castor, medius Polluce et 
 Castore, Ov. : there is friendship b. me 
 and those brave men, mihi cum illis 
 fortibus viris est amicitia, Cic : tlte nose 
 is so placed that it seems to be a kind of 
 wall b. the eyes, nasus itti locatus est, ut 
 quasi murus oculis inteijectus esse vide- 
 atur, Cic. ||. Adv. : Betueen is some- 
 times used in combination with verbB, 
 as to lie between, go between, etc: for 
 which see the several verl)S. 
 
 bevel {subs.): regiilaobliqua; regula 
 Lydia (?). 
 
 bevel (f'O ■■ (■') obliquo, l : V. TO 
 
 SI/JPE. 
 
 beverage: 1. potio. Cic 2. 
 
 potus, us: l^ac : Cels. : v. drink. 
 
 bevy : gre-x : v. flock, company. 
 
 bewail: 1. deploro, i (with ace. 
 or de and abl.): to b. such calamities, 
 tantas cahimitates d., Cic. : to b. any 
 one's wickeiiness, de alicujus pravitate 
 d., Cic (N.B. The simple verb ploro is 
 rarely used with an ace. ; v. to wail. 
 'I'he compound comploro is used of per- 
 sons joining to bewail.) 2- gemo, 
 ingemo, inggmisco . i. e. to groan over : 
 V. to bi-moan. 3. fleo, defieo; la- 
 crimo, illacrfmo, collacrimo. v. to weep 
 OVER OR FOR. 4. Iflgco, moereo: v. 
 to GRIEVE, mourn FOR. 6. queror, 
 questus, j : they b.'d their fate, suum 
 latum querebantur, Caes. : Cic. : v. to 
 coji plain OF. 6. conqueror: stronger 
 than the simple verb, and yet expressing 
 rather just, fitting expostulation, than 
 unmanly complaint, cf. Cic. Tusc i, 
 21, 50: "conqueri adversam foriunam, 
 non lamentari decet." 7. lamentor. 
 
 1 . V. TO LAMENT, and cf. supr. Cic. 
 1. c (N.B. All the above verhs are 
 capable also of being followed by ace 
 and in/.) 
 
 beware ; 1. caveo, cavi, cautuin, 
 
 2 (used absol. ; or foil, by ace. of direct 
 object : also by a or ab and abl. : or by 
 SM(<ji. either with or without ne, the latter 
 esp. in colloquial language) • b., if you 
 please, cave, sis(=si vis), Ter.: to ft. 
 o/'pofcs(>n,a venenoc, Cic. : b. of anyone 
 .'teeing you, cave ne videat aliquis, Ter.: 
 6. of saying so, cave dixeris. Ter. 6. of 
 having compassion on your brethren. 
 cave le tritrum misereatur, Cic. . of 
 this man you tnust b.. hunc lu caveto, 
 Hor. : he should b. of asking for thii 
 
 from the E. people, caveret id petere a 
 'populo R., Sail.- rarely wiih inf.: b. 
 Iff doing an injury, caveto laedere, 
 .Cat. 2. praecaveo: v. TO guard 
 
 AG.\IN.-*r. 
 
 bewilder : ^- to confuse, perplex. 
 Chiefly used in p. part.: Phr. men 
 seeking b.'d for the path of life, viam 
 palaiites quaerere vitae, Lucr. ; Ov. : v. 
 
 TO GO ASTRAY. 
 
 bewilderment : v. perplexity, 
 
 CONFU.-KiN. 
 
 bewitch: I. To fascinate by magic: 
 1. fascino, i (having ref. to the sup- 
 posed power of an evil eye) : some eye 
 or other b.s my tender lambs, nescio 
 quis teneros oculus mihi fascinat agnos, 
 Virg. 2. effascino, i : Plin. • Cell. 
 
 3. devovgo, vovi, votuni, 2 (with 
 ref. to the imprecations and incanta- 
 tions of sorcer3') : has some old ivoman 
 b.'d you by her incantations!' num te 
 carminibus devovit anus.'' Tib.: Or. 
 
 II. To cliarm. fascinate : q. v. 
 
 bewitcher : v. enchanter. 
 bew itching (««fc«.)-" faecinaoo; Plin, 
 V, enchantment
 
 BEWITCHING 
 
 B I L£ 
 
 BI Lli-HOOK 
 
 bewitching (adj)- Fig.: V. 
 
 OBAKMING. 
 
 beyond : A. I' r e p. : |, on tfie 
 
 farther sidr. of. poit : 1, ultra (both 
 of place and of time : with ace.) : on this 
 side of the I'adui and b. it, cis Padum 
 Ultraque, Li v. . he farmed his camp tuo 
 miles b. that mountain, niilibus pas- 
 soum II. ul. euni montem casira fecit, 
 Caes. : b. the yi-ars of childliood, ul. pue- 
 riles annus, l^iiint. : Prop. 2. extra 
 (with ace.): b. the province, ex. provin- 
 ciatn, Cais. • 6. Uie C'oUine gate, ex. 
 portam CoUinam, Cic. 3. trans (with 
 ace.) : buildings b. the rii-er, aedificia 
 tr. flumen, Caes. ; at that very timi: I 
 Jiias b. the sea, eo ipso teni|)ore tr. mare 
 fui, Cic. : V. ACROSS. 4. super (rare : 
 with ace.) : he will extend the empire b. 
 the Indians, s. Indos proferct im|)eriiini, 
 Virg. : b. .\umidia, s. Niiniidiam, .Sail. 
 5. supra (with ace): b. Sues.fula, 
 8. Suessuiain. lAw: Plin. ||. With 
 ref. to limits or degi-ees : \, ultra: 
 if a mortal w anxicus b. dtie limits, si 
 mortalis ultra fas trcpidat, Hor. : /). the 
 strength and cmiditiim of old age, vires 
 ultra sortemque senectae. Virg. 2. 
 
 extra liouncts and limits b. which I 
 cann/jt gn, fines temiinique ex. quos 
 egredi non possum, (Jlc. 3, supra : 
 b. one's jx/we/.a. vires. Hor.: h. human 
 belief, s. hnmanani fidem, I'lin. : b. 
 measure, s. modum, Col. : his frame 
 vas capable of enduring fatigue to a 
 degree b. human belief, corpus patieris 
 iiiediae, supra quam cuiquam cn-dibile 
 est, .Sail. 4. praeter (with ace); the 
 lake had swollen b. its limits, lacus p. 
 modum creverat, Cic. : you will exert 
 yourself b. others, p. ce teres labonilijs, 
 Cic: Hor. 5. super {^moi-e than): 
 huvgin affected tin: army even b. dii^ease, 
 e.\ercitum s. morlumi etiani fames I'lTcc- 
 it, Liv. : b. all things, s. omnia, \'ii<:. : 
 V. AHOVE. B. Adv.: 1. supia: 
 love so great that nothing could be b., 
 amor tantus ut nihil s. possit, Cic. 2. 
 ultra ; is there anything b. to vhicli 
 cruelty can proceed J' cstne aliquid ul. 
 quo progndi crudeliias possit? Cic: 
 «p tu tlie time of Attius and b. they 
 irrote long siillubles with double vonels, 
 usque ad Attiura et ultra porrectas 
 sjllabas geiiiinis vocalibus scripserunt. 
 Quint. 3. ultiTins: b. thtre is no- 
 thing but tuiii.liabitalile cold, ultcrius 
 nihil esl nisi nuiihabitabile Irigus, Ov.: 
 Prop. 
 
 bezel : 1. pala : the b. of a ring, 
 p. anuli, Cic. 2 funda: Plin. 
 bezoar: lapi.-. lx-/.oardicus: M. L. 
 bias (subs): (prob. always used of a 
 ^tervei ted dirvclUm) : iiicUiiatio : the b. 
 (f the feelings, aniraoiiini in., Liv.: a 
 b. in favour of any one. in. in aliquem, 
 Tac: V. INCLINATION. P h r. : I demand 
 that you bring no b. to this trial, postulo 
 lie quid hue praejinlicati afferatis, Cic. 
 
 bias (.«■) : iin lino, i : these things b. 
 the mind, hare aiiiinum in., Liv.: pity 
 b.s the juryman, judirem in. mi.si'ratio. 
 Quint. Phr. : to be b.'d in any inie's 
 favivir, indinatioiie aiiimi prupendere 
 in aliquem, Cic. Or. 2, 29, 129: not to 
 be b.'d by hatred or friendship (of 
 judges), ab odio, ainicitia, vacuus esse, 
 Salt. Cat, ;i, init.: to record events 
 without bring b.'d by resentment or 
 ^irty-spirit, iradere sine ira tt studio, 
 Tac a1 I, I : V. TO INCLINE, pi:t;ju- 
 »ICE. 
 
 bib : 'rascla pectoralis (infantum) : 
 R. and A. 
 
 bibber: potator: Pl.: V. DRUNKARD. 
 
 bible : 1 biblla, orum ; l-xcl. 
 
 2. sacr.ie ';'prae : Sulp. 3. scrip- 
 
 tura: Auibr. 4. divina .scriplura: 
 
 Erasm. 5. s:icra vulumina : .'^ulp. 
 
 6. sacrae scripuirae: M. L. Phr.; 
 
 copies of the b., biblica e.xemplaria : 
 
 M. L. 
 
 biblical : •biWIcus M. L. Phr.: b. 
 cridV/.v/ii, sacraruiii liiei'.cnim censura : 
 a b. scholar, saiT. lit. peritns. 
 
 bibliographer : •lubiiographus : 
 !M. L. 
 
 bibliography: •bibiiogi-apwa: },i. i,. 
 
 bibliomania: •bibircmania : M. L. 
 
 bibliomaniac : •librorum radorum 
 
 helliio. Miiiliu>u>. 
 
 bibliopolist : bibliopola : Piiii. : 
 Man. 
 
 bibulous: bibiilus: Virg.: Plin. 
 
 bicker : v. to wka.ngle. 
 
 bickering (*■"''*■) : 1. vglltatio: 
 Pl. 2. 'ix:i (or ger. of rixor): v. 
 
 Qi:aI;rkl, fkav. 
 
 bid : I. To request, tell : q. v. : 
 
 JubC'o, jussi, jussiim, 2: b. him be of 
 good cheer, jubeto habere Ijouum ani- 
 mum, Pl. : our friends b. us hope, spe- 
 rare nos amici j., Cic: / saluted him, 
 then bade, him Jareirell, iUum saliiiavi, 
 postea jussi valere, 'I'er. ||. To offtr 
 (a price), lic(;ur, licitus, 2 : witen he bids, 
 w> mie dares to b. against him, illo 
 licenle, cuiitra 1. audei nemo, Caes. : to 
 b. by raising the finger (the usual way), 
 iligito llceri, Cic.'; they are thinking of 
 b.ing for your gardens, istos hort«'S 1. 
 cogitant, Cic. Pli r. : he bade irie defi- 
 ance, ille iiiimiciliiis niilii denuiitiavlt, 
 Cic : he b.s fair to do better, sjies est 
 eurli melius factiirum, 1*1. : the harvest 
 b.s fair to tie abundant, *spes bona est 
 nussem largani fore. 
 
 bidder ("f a price) : expr. by verb : 
 iHicitil(jr is one who endeavours to rai.''-e 
 the price : Ci(i : v. inviter, com- 
 
 MANDKR. 
 
 bidding (of a price): licitallo: to 
 make bids, licitationcs facere, Cic: v. 
 oudhr, innitation. 
 
 biennial : 1. blennalis, e : Cod. 
 Just. 2. biennis, e (v. rare): Surt. 
 3. bimus: b. plants, b. plaiitae, 
 Plin. 
 
 bier: 1. fercQlum (denoting a 
 kind of dish or tray used fur the tible; 
 also for carrying In procession Ihe ashes 
 if the dead, busts, etc.): Suet. 2. 
 ferClrum (i. q. lerculum) : Virg. : Ov! 
 3. lectlca (prop, a litter : litters 
 being used, csp. I>y the rich, as biers) : 
 Suet.: a sntali litter or bier, lecticula. 
 Nep. 4. saiidapila (lor the poor) : 
 Suet. : Juv. 
 
 biestings : cOlostra, ae ; cSlostra, 
 orum; or cOlustrum: Plin.: Mart. 
 
 bifurcation: usu. i^est e.vpr. by 
 phr., as near the b. of the river, prupe 
 ad locum ubi fiuvius se (in duas partes) 
 di^ idit, scindit. 
 
 big: I. Large, huge: q. v.: in- 
 Rciis, vastus. II, I'regnant, full, 
 
 teeming: q. v. : fetus. Phr.: a year 
 b. with the fate of the city, annus fatalis 
 ad hujus urbis iiileriluin, Cic. |||, 
 HiHi^tful : q. V. P h r. ; to talk b., am- 
 piillarl, Hor. (with ref to tumid lan- 
 guage); niaria niunlpsque poUiceri, Sail. 
 (of boastful proinii,e.i) : this man has 
 deceived you by /uV all'ei-trd gravity and 
 b. looks, is vos rugis supercilioque de- 
 ccjiit, Cic. 
 
 bigamist : 1. Mmantns (a word 
 cen.--uied by Cic. Pl. I2, to): Hier. 2. 
 digamus (iiya/oio?) ■ Hier. Or expr. by 
 phr., a.s neither <pf the above wurds has 
 good authority »qui alteram mulierem 
 matrimuniu baud justo (legitimo) habei, 
 viva adhuc uxore. 
 
 bigamy : bigamia : M. L. Phr.: to 
 be Uviny in b., 'alteram muiierem baud 
 Justo matrimonio tenure. 
 
 bight: sinus: V. bav. 
 
 bigness: v. hulk, .size. 
 
 bigot : qui suae de leligione opinii>ni 
 iiiiiiiutii tldit s. servlt (cf. c;ic. Or. 8, 25): 
 *i|ul alieiiarum de religione.seiitentlarum 
 iinpaiiciis est. 
 
 bigoted : •intemperanter «. obstinate 
 suae upiiijoni.suis pai tibus.etc. deditus; 
 alieiii upiiiiuiii, religiuni, caeco (juodam 
 Inipetu deilitus: v. bigot. 
 
 bisotedly : nimis obstinate; cum 
 pervii ,ii ia : v. bigotry, obstinacv. 
 
 bigotry : *nimia suae (de religlone) 
 opinioiiis fiducia; pervicacia, (inflexi- 
 bllis; obstinatio (cl. Plin. ep. 10, 96, 
 
 2)- 
 
 bilberry : I. The plant -. *vacci- 
 
 nTniii .\lyrtillus: Liiiti. ||. The fruit: 
 vucciiiium : Virg. 
 
 bile : Whs. is, /. : black h., b. nigra. 
 
 Gels. : Plin. Fig.: that ttirt the &, 
 bilem id commovet, Cic. : to vent one's 
 b., bilem effmidere, Juv.: v. call, tK- 
 
 lll<.NAlIO.\. 
 
 bilge-water: 1, sentina: Cic: 
 Caes. 2. nautea (i) : Plin. 
 biliary: I'hr. : the b. duct, *biiis 
 
 ductus. 
 
 bilious: biliosns; Gels. 
 
 bilk : V. TO CHEAT. 
 
 bill (subs ): I. ^ beak (of a bird) : 
 1. rostrum: v. beak. 2 comu. 
 n. (poet.) : Ov. ||. A mattock, battle, 
 axe: q. v.: sf-curis, is,/. 
 
 bill (a document in writing): |. 
 Legal 1. 1.: in>H|lus(tlie nh«t gen. term;' 
 V. address, PETITION) : Juv. : Hani. Dig. : 
 to Ijring in a b. of indictment against 
 any one, aliquem llbello citare, Pl. : v. 
 TO ACCUSE, INDICT. ||. A written 
 
 pnmiise to pay : \, nomen : he owed 
 you a large sum on good bj, tibi certis 
 11. grandem (>ecuniam debuit, Cic: to 
 me-t a b., iiunicn suscifiere, Cic. : to draw 
 b.s, iioniiua faeere, Cic: to assign a b., 
 n. in ahum transcribere (.'), Liv. 2. 
 syngrapha : you advanced him money 
 on his b., pecuniam ei per s. credidisti, 
 Cic. : a b. payable at sight, *s. ex qua 
 praesenti die perunia debetur. Phr.: 
 an accommodation 6., versura (.=) : Ter. : 
 Cic: V.BOND. III. A pioposeti law: 
 1. rogatio (in the class, authors only 
 of b.s brought lielore the people) : to 
 propose b.s to Vie people, rogatioiies ad 
 populum ferre, Caes. : an argument 
 against a b., dissuasio rogationis, Cic: 
 he spoke in favour of the b., suasit I'oga- 
 tionem, Cic. . to reject a a, r. antiquare, 
 Liv. 2. lex. legis, /, (a term appli- 
 cable to all measures which have p.issed 
 into law ; q. v.) : to bnng f/ruard a b., 
 I. ferre, rogare, Ulp. : to cam/ a b., 
 Irgem pcrlerre, Liv. 3. plebiscitum 
 (i. e. a b. fuLssed by the comnvmi^) : (Sc : 
 t*'S- 4. privilegium (a b. affecting a 
 single individual) : to bring fjruard 
 such a b., de aliquo p. ferre. Cic Phr.: 
 the consuls proposed a b. to the people, 
 consules populum rogaverunt, Cic. |y. 
 A mitten (or printed) nnice : \. 
 liliellus : b.s of the gladiators (= bills of 
 the play), gladiatorum libelli. Cic. • 
 Alfenus tears down Vie b.s (ann.uncing 
 the auction), libellos Alfenus dejicit. 
 Cic. : Suet. 2. Illillus to put up a 
 
 b. on a house (to show that it is for sale 
 or letting), lares sub titulum mittere. 
 Ov.: Plin.: v. advkrtisemknt. placard. 
 V. An account (n-ndered) of money 
 due : *ratio (sumina) accepii, debiil : 
 Kr. V. ACCOUNT, DK ifT. Jl i s c e 1 1. : a 
 b. of lading, tabella (? libellus) rerum 
 vectarum (Ains.): a b. of sale, eniptio, 
 Sraev. 1 )ig. : the bj of mortality. 'Uibulae 
 mortuoruui: (cf. .Suet. Ner. "J9: " tri- 
 ginta millia in rationem Llbiiinaa ven- 
 erunt,' which is a!>out equiv. to our 
 saying, " the bills of mortality txhibitrd 
 the number of 30,0u0 deaths ") : to .soui 
 a b.of divorce to a wife (piop. of fier- 
 »(msbetrothrd),rrpudium u.\ori mittere, 
 Supt. : scribere, IVrl : nuniiiini u.\ori 
 mittere, Cic. (though a written docu- 
 ment is not necessarily implied) : t. 
 
 DIVORCE. 
 
 bill ('"•) ■ Phr.: ^06. anJnoo, colum- 
 bulatim labia cont.erere labrls. Mat. ap. 
 Gell. : labra labrls feiTUiuiDare admo- 
 dum, Pl. 
 
 billet (subst.) : I. A shot t !. tier : 
 
 I, epi^tola brfvis: a b.-douz, epi'i- 
 tola aniatoiie scripta, Cic. 2. epi»l6- 
 iium : Cat. 3. codicilli.orum: v. note. 
 
 II. A ticket for the lodifing of sol' 
 diers, *trssera hospitii lullitaris (K. and 
 A.)- III. .4 /(»3(</it'oo(i: lignum, stipes; 
 V. i.ix;, STICK. 
 
 billet ('••) ■• Phr.: Oie pretorian co- 
 horts were b.'d (on the people), praetcv 
 rianae cobortes per hospitia dispersae 
 sunt, Suet.: hebjitheann^, in the towns, 
 exercituin per opplda disi>ertit, Liv.: 
 Oie h'truscans vere h-imlly reciired at 
 Home, and b.'d on private persons, 
 Ktru.sci Romae benigne exceptidivisiqae 
 in hospiti.i, Liv. 
 
 bill-hook: lalciUa: Cato; CoL 
 79
 
 BILLIARDS 
 
 BINDING 
 
 BIRTH-DAY 
 
 ' billiards : *ludus tudiculans s. tudi- 
 cularius (Kr.) : to play at fe.s, *glol)ulos 
 ebumeos clava lusoria super menssun 
 agitare s. impellere (Kr. and (ieorg.). 
 
 billion : *billio : Em. ap. Kr. 
 
 billow: fluctug: V. WAVE. 
 
 billowy : 1. undosus : the b. sea, 
 nn. aequor, Virg. : Sil. 2. utidans, 
 ntis: Ace. ap. Cic; Claud. 3. unda- 
 bundus (stronger than undans) : (Jell. 
 4. fluctuosus: PI. (but used by 
 Plin. in sense of navy, of gems). 
 
 bin : 1. lacus, us (for corn, etc.) : 
 Col. 2. loculus (m a vnne-ctllar) : 
 Pi. Mil. J, 2. 58. 
 
 binacle : *locus in q\io servatur 
 py.xus acus magn' ticae. 
 
 binary : blnarius -. Lampr. 
 
 bind: I. Lit.: to tie together, 
 to amfine, restrain : 1. llgo, 1 : to 
 b. a handkerchief about the neck, su- 
 darium circum collum 1., Suet. 2. 
 
 vincio, vinxl, vinctuni, 4 (to b. in 
 order to confine or fetter; whereas 
 ligo prop, signifies to b. so as to hold 
 together or preserve from injury : v. 
 Habicht, J 597): it is a crime to b. 
 a Roman citizen, facinus est v. civeni 
 Roraanum, Cic. : to b. with chains, ca- 
 tenis v., Caes. : to b. the temples with 
 fresh flowers, tempora novis floribus 
 v., Hor. (I'he comp. evincio is in- 
 tens. : Tac.) 3. necto. ne.xui or nexi, 
 nexum, j (prop, to twine together , 
 weave -. q. v.) : to b. winged sandals on 
 the feet, t'llaria pedibus n., Virg. 4, 
 stringo. strinxi, strictuni, j : v. to 
 SQUEEZE, CONFINE, PRESS. (.See also the 
 compounds.) ||. Fig.: to rei-ttain, 
 
 hoM. in check : \, tgiieo, ui. ntum, 2 : 
 the laws do not b. him, leges illnm non 
 t., Cic. : Virg. : to be bound neither by 
 oath nor bi/ hostages, neque jurejurando 
 neque obsidibus teneri, Caes. 2. ob- 
 stringo, nxi, ctuni, j : tob.a state hi/ an 
 oath, civitatem jurejurand.) ob., Caes. : 
 to be bound by laws, legibus obstringi. 
 Cic. (a stronger expr. than Ugibus ten- 
 eri). 3. a.stringo, } (^2): to b. by 
 laws, legibus as., Cic: to b. by condi- 
 tions, conditionibus as., Cic. 4. vincio 
 (rare in this sense) : to b. by a marriage 
 contract, pacto matrimonii v., Tac. : 
 bound (fettered) by a religious scruple, 
 religionc vinctus, Cic. 5. alligo, i : 
 the law b.s all persons, omnes nmrtales 
 al. lex, Cic. : to b. any one (to something) 
 by oath, aliquem jurejurando al., PI. 
 (The simple verb ligo in this sense is 
 chiefly poet.) Q. obligo, i : to b. a 
 surety in 3000 asses, vadem tribus mil- 
 libus aeris ob., Liv. P h r. : to b. any 
 one by oath: aliquem (ad) jusjurandum 
 adigere; also, jurejurando, sacraniento 
 adigere : v. oath : bound to no school in 
 philosophy, nuUius addictus jurare in 
 verba magistri, Hor.: to bit tmund by 
 religious scruples so as not to be able to 
 do a thing, religionibus impediri, Caes. 
 Ill, To render costive or f rm : 1_ 
 a.stringo, } : to b. the bon-els, alvum as.', 
 Cels. ; Ov. 2. constringo, j : J'lin. : 
 V. ASTRINGENT. 3. strlngo, } : the 
 sea is tmund by intense cold, mare gelu 
 stringitur, 'jell. 4. comprimo, pressi, 
 pressum, j : to 6. the bowels, alvum c, 
 Cels. IV. To fasten or secure the edges 
 of anything: 1, praeljgo, I: a wreath 
 bound with a white hand, corona Can- 
 dida fascia praeligata, .Suet. 2. prae- 
 texo, xui.xtum, j : v. to border, frincr. 
 V. To bind books: librus oiiuhi- 
 tinare: Ulp. (compingere, tegumentis 
 raunire, Kr.). 
 
 back or behind : 1. rPlfgo, 
 
 I : to 6. hack the hair, cimiam r., Hor.: 
 Achilles drags ITector hound behind his 
 chariot, trahit Hectorem ad currum reli- 
 gatum Achilles, Cic. 2 levincio, 4 
 (strictly to b. back; hence to h. firmly) : 
 to b. any one fast to rocks, aliquem ad 
 Baxar., Ov. : Virg.: v. to fasti n. 3. 
 Testringo, j:tob. back the ai-ms (tightly), 
 lacertos r., Hor. : Cic. 
 
 before, in front. <"• to the 
 
 end of: 1. praeligc,, I : dry twigs 
 
 are bound to the tips (f the oxen's hoi ns, 
 aritU sanuenUv praeligantur coniibus 
 bo 
 
 boum : Liv. : Cic. 2. praevincio, 4 : 
 Gell. 3. praenecto, j : Sol. 
 
 down : 1. dgligo, \ : he 
 
 orders the man to be stripped and bound 
 d., homincm nudari ac deligari jubet, 
 Cic. : V. to fasten down. 2. devincio, 
 4: to b. any one down with bandages, 
 aliquem fasciis d., Cic. 
 
 over : |. L i t. : to 6. one 
 
 thing over another : \, oblige, i : 
 with something bound (a bandage) over 
 the eyes, obligatis oculis. Sen.: Cic: v. 
 TO BIND UP. 2. obstringo, j : v. to 
 BIND tip. II. To make a legal engage- 
 ment with any one : 1, obligo, i ; 
 more fully, nexu se obligare, Cic. : to b. 
 oneself over by a compact, foedere se ob., 
 Liv.: Suet. 2. astringo, obstringo, 
 
 J : V. to bind (II.). 3. vador 1 (i. e. 
 to ft. over a defendant by sureties to 
 appear): v. bail. 
 
 round ; 1. circumllgo, I : 
 
 to 6. iron round with ton; ferrum stuppa 
 c : Liv. : Virg. 2. obligo, i • binmd 
 r. with a hide, obligatus corio, Auct. ad 
 Her. : to b. a shtiot round with flue 
 bark, surculuni libro obi., Varr. : v. to 
 BIND UP. 
 
 to : 1. allTgo, I : tob.a man 
 
 to a statue, hominera ad statuam :il.. 
 Cic. 2. astringo, 5: tob.a man last 
 to a pillar, aliquem ast. ad coluinnain 
 fortiler, PI.: Cic 3. (Kig.): de- 
 
 vincio, astringo, etc. : v. to attach 
 to. 
 
 together : 1. coiiigo, i : to 
 
 b. the hands together, manus c, Liv.: 
 to b. the hair together, capillum c, Varr. 
 Fig.: men ore hound together by the 
 bond of speech, homines sermonis vin- 
 culo coUigantur, Cic. 2. constringo, 
 ; (to b. together tightly): to b. the hands 
 together, manus c, PI. : to b. the world 
 together by laws, orbem terrarum legi- 
 bus c, Cic. ( To b. together may also be 
 expr. by the simple verbs, as, to b. the 
 hair together, stringere comas, Lucr.) : 
 v. to fasten together. 3. ciintiiipo, 
 2 (esp. fig.) : v. to hold together, con- 
 nect. 
 
 up: I. Of dressing wounds, 
 
 etc. : 1. ligo, 1 : to b. up a wound, 
 vulnus 1., Liv. 2. (more usu.) obligo, 
 I : to 6. up a broken leg, crus fractimi 
 Ab., PI. : to ft. up a icound, vulnus ob., 
 Cic, 3. alligo, I : to b. up a iromul, 
 vulnus al., Liv. : Just. 4. colligo, i : 
 to ft. up wounds, vulnera c. Suet. 5. 
 praeligo, i : Plin. ||. To fasten to- 
 gether, confine: 1. obstringo, j: to 
 6. up the winds, ventos ob.. Hot. : v. 
 to confine. 2. substringo, j : toft. 
 the hair up in a knot, crinem node s., 
 Tac. 3. ('" medical sense) : stringo, 
 astringo, constringo, comprimo : v. to 
 bind (IlL). Ill, Only in pass. : to be 
 hound up in or unWi, contineor, 2 : the 
 hague with Rome, in which all our 
 interests are bound up, Romanum foedus 
 quo nostra omnia continentur, Liv. : my 
 return (from exile) is bound up vHth 
 your decision, mens reditus vestro judi- 
 cio con tine tur, Cic. 
 
 upon or on : 1. ilUgo, i ■- 
 
 he b.s Mettus outstretched upon the cha- 
 riots, in currus distentum illigat Mettuni, 
 Liv. 2. innecto, j : to 6. garlands 
 upon the temples, tempora sertis in., 
 Ov. : Virg. 3, alligo, i : v. to bind 
 TO. 4. sublTgo, I : tob. a sword upon 
 the side, ensem lateri s., Virg. 
 
 binder (subs.) : rarely used except in 
 sense of book-binder : q. v. (The I^at. 
 substantives vinctor, alligator, in general 
 sense are rare, and their meaning is usu. 
 best conveyed by part of a verb.) 
 
 binding (adj.): obligatonus: Gai. 
 Cliiefly used in phr. it is binding, i. e. 
 incumbent upon : 6portet: v. rr behoves, 
 
 BECOMES. 
 
 binding (subs.) : |. In gen. sense : 
 1. relTgatio: the b. up of vines, r. 
 vitiiim, Cic. 2- (more usu.): expr. 
 by part of verb : as, to pay attention 
 to the ft. up of vines, vitibus religandis 
 operam dare. ||, Of books : "tegu- 
 
 mentum (Kr.) : v. covering. |||, 
 
 Of a dress : v. border, fringe. 
 
 bind- weed: convolviiius: Plin. 
 
 binocular: *binocularl.s, e: M.L. 
 
 binomial : *binomialis, e . M. L. 
 
 biographer: viiae rerumque gesta- 
 rum alicujus narrator s. scriptor: r. 
 writer Phr.: those who are their 
 oivn b.s. scriptores rerum suarum, Cic. 
 
 biographical: Phr: aft. work, 
 liber de hominis (hominum) vita: cf. 
 Nep. Pref. fin. : a b. writer, v. bio- 
 grapher. 
 
 biography : P h r. : to write the b.s 
 of distinguished men, vitas resque gestas 
 clarorura hominum memoriae mandare, 
 Gell. : in this tmok ne will write the h. 
 of illustrious commanders, hoc expone- 
 mus libro vitam (al. de vita) excellen- 
 tium imperatorum, Nep. 
 
 bipartite : bipartltus : Van-. : Cic. 
 
 biped : bipes, pgdis , vilest of b.s, 
 bipedum nequlssimus, Plin. ep. 
 
 birch-tree: betula or beiuUa: Plin. 
 
 birchen: ^x betula factus: or by 
 analogy, betulinus. 
 
 bird : 1. avis, is,/. : a ft. shut up 
 in a cage, a. inclusa in cavea, Cic: 
 deceived by a false b. (i. e. omen), ave 
 deceDtus lalsa, Ov. 2. avicula (a 
 
 little h.) : Gell. 3. volueris, is, /. 
 (prop, any flying creature) : Cic. : Hor. 
 4. ales, itis, com. (chiefly poet.; 
 and usu. of a single large bird) ■ a white 
 ft. (i. e. SM an), a. albus, Hor. : the watch- 
 ful ft. (i.e. cocA;), vigil a., Ov. : the tawny 
 ft. of Joee (i. e. eagle), fulvus Jovis a., 
 Virg. 5. praepes, 6tis (prop, indica- 
 tive of rapid motvm : poet.) : the b. of 
 Jove. p. Jovis, Ov. : Virg. 
 
 bird-cage: (avis)cavga; Cic 
 
 bird-call: *fisiul:i aucupatoua. 
 
 bird-catcher : auceps, cupis : PL 
 Hor. 
 
 bird-catching: aucupium: Cic 
 
 bird-keeper : aviarius : Col. 
 
 bird-lime: viscum; Cic: Virg. 
 
 bird-net: reteaviarium: Varr. 
 
 bird'S-nest: nidus: Cic: Virg. 
 
 bireme: birSmis, is,/. : Caes.: Cic. 
 
 birth : I. -^ coming into life : 
 
 1, ortus, us (N.B. Not natus: 
 which only occurs in abl. sing., in sense 
 of age : q. v.) : the moon controls the 
 b.s of' those mho are just coming into 
 existence, ortus nascenlium luna mode- 
 ratur, Cic 2. nativitas : the gateway 
 of ft., janua nativitatis. Tert. 3. More 
 fieq. expr. by help of verb: as, tlie 
 f allien- rejoiced at the ft. of a son, pater 
 gavisus est filiura slbi natuni esse ; 
 do you know the exact time of the girl's 
 b.f scisne (scin') quota maxime hora 
 puella nata sit ? : v. to be born the 
 hour of ft., natalis hora, Hor. : to give b. 
 to, parere, eniti (esp. in perl', tenses) • 
 V. TO BRING forth. ||. Lineage, de- 
 scent: 1. g6nus, eris, n. (usu. in o/m- 
 nexion with natus, and often = high 
 birth): they are of noble ft., nobili g. 
 nati sunt, Cic. : to boast of ome's b., 
 genus jactare, Hor. 2. ortus, us: 
 
 6'ato by b. a Tusculan. Cato ortu Tuscu- 
 lanus, Cic. 3. natales, ium, m. : a 
 man of distinguished ft., vir Claris na- 
 talibus, Tac. : Juv. Phr.: a maiden 
 of noble ft., generosa virgo, Cic. : no one, 
 Maecenas, is of belter ft. than you, Mae- 
 cenas, nemo est generosior te, Hor. : ti 
 person of the lowest ft., homo infimo loco 
 natus, Cic. • v. descent, family. |||. 
 The act of giving birth : 1. partus, 
 us : the ft. was thought to be at hand, 
 jam appropinquare p. putabatur, Cic: 
 the incantations arrested the ft., tenue- 
 runt carmina partus, Ov. 2. fetus, us: 
 PI.: Oic. IV. The thing boi-n: v. 
 creature. V. Origin, beginning: 
 q. v.: chiefly in phr. to giie birth to; 
 pario : v. to occasion, give rise to. 
 
 birth-day : 1. dies natalis : the 
 ft. day of this city, dies n. hujus urbis, 
 Cic. : you wrote a letter to me on your b., 
 n. die tuo scripsisti epistolam ad me, 
 Cic. : also simply natalis, is, m. : / came 
 to the city on my h., ad urbem n. meo 
 veni, Cic. : it is my b., meus est n„ 
 Virg. 2. genitalis dies : Tac Phr.. 
 he gives a b. entertainment in his gar- 
 dens, dat natalUia in borr.ia, Cic. : I
 
 BIRTH-PLACE 
 
 BLACK 
 
 wt invited to a b. feast, ad natalltias 
 oapes vocabar, Mart. 
 
 birth-place: 1. saium natale: 
 yv. 2. genitale sOliini : Veil. S 
 incunabula, orum (fig.).- J will procee<l 
 to my b., ad m. nostra pergain, Cic. : the 
 0. of Jove. JovU in., Ov.. v. ckadi.k. 
 P h r. : thii is my retU b., haec est mea 
 gprniaiia patria, Cic. 
 
 birth-right : |. Right having its 
 JoundcUwH in descent: •jus quod ex 
 genere est s. oritur- not simply jus bc- 
 rediUriiini (Auct. Har. Kesp. 7. 14). for 
 the heir was not necessarily related by 
 blood. II. The right of the eldest 
 
 ^rn : ♦Ju.s liliifainillas majcris, inaximl. 
 rhr. he suld his h., veiididit •prinilllva 
 sua, Vulg. Helj.-. 12. 16. 
 birth-wort : 1. iristOlochia ■ Plin. 
 2. cleiuaiili.s, idis,/. ; Plin. 3 
 plst01och!ii : Plin. ■*• 
 
 biscuit: buccellatum • (Ibis was the 
 bread furnisbed to soldiers when it was 
 necessary for them to lake provisions 
 for a longer time than usual) . Ammian. 
 bpart. : stveet biscuits, dulcia, iuni • 
 Lampr. 
 
 bisect : in duas partes aequales sec- 
 are s. dividere. 
 
 bisection: expr. by inf. mood, or 
 other part of verb : v. to biskct. 
 
 bishop: 1. CpiscOpus: Eccl a 
 sulhagan b., chort^piscOpus, Cod. Just 
 an asso<:iate b., coCpiscOpas Hier 2 
 pontife.x, Ids : Sidon. ■ the olHce of a b' 
 pontificium .- Sol. Cod. Theod. 
 
 bishopric: I. a bishop's district- 
 dioecesis, is. /. : Sid. ||. a bishop's 
 Oj^e : Cpiscopatus, us : Tert. 
 
 bismuth: bismuthum: iM. L. 
 
 bison : Mson, onti-s. 7(1. : PUn. 
 
 bissextile (.«((''•'.): l. Intercaiaris 
 annus I'li,,. 2. bisextilis annus 
 Isid. 
 
 bissextile (adj ) .• bisextilis, e : Isid. 
 
 bistoury: 'gladiusPisionensis. M.L. 
 
 bit (lor a horse's mouth); freiium • 
 usu. in plu., frena m- fieni : the horse 
 submits to the b., e(iuus freimni recipere 
 solet, C.c. : Hor. to take the b. in ime's 
 teeth (i.e. to resist), Irenuni mordere 
 tie. : the sounding b., freni sonantes, 
 Virg.: a jagged kind of b. (used (or 
 hard-mouthed horses), frena lupata (also 
 simply lupata, Virg., and lupus, Ov.) . 
 
 bit (a small piece) : 1. frustum 
 (U.SU of food) : a b. falls from the 
 chickens mouth, i. ex puUi "ore eadit 
 Cic. : Hor. 2. offa (prop, a lump of 
 fj'^o'-meat): Cic: Virg. 3. ollula 
 (o litth b.) : a little b. of meat, camis 
 of.. Col : a little b. of bread, panis ot., 
 Veg. Phr. : to cut anything into Utile 
 (nts, aliquld minutatim secaie, Varr 
 
 V. MORSEL, WHIT. 
 
 o-^^* i!'-^ ■■ '' ° ■■• ■ '" ^- " '''"■««. frenos 
 e^uo adhibere. cf. Cic. Brut. 56, 204. 
 
 bitch: canis femina- Plin (Not 
 simply canis, which is found in the fern 
 quite irrespective of sex.) 
 
 bite ('•.) : I. To pierce u-ith teeth, 
 "C: 1. mordgo, mSmordi, inorsum 
 2: d/iyscan b., canes m. possunt, Virc ' 
 thejlea b.s. pulex m.. Mart.: he bit the 
 ground when di/ing. moriens humum 
 ore momordil, Virg. Fig. in plough- 
 ing, the share b.s (the ground), in arando 
 m. vomer, Plin. 2. praem.mieo, 
 
 Draeniordi, 2 (to 6. off the extremity 
 of) : to b. off the tip of the longiu:. lin- 
 guam p., I.ucan. 3. admord.n., 2 (to 
 mbbU: q. V.) her arms uere bit at by 
 adders, sunt bracLia admorsa colubris 
 I P- ^ 4. deiiiordeo, 2 (to bite of) '■ 
 to b. off one's nails, ungues d., I'ers 
 Phr.: to 6. off the lobe of the ear, auri- 
 culam mordicus auferre, Cic || To 
 
 produce a keen, pungent sensation ■ 
 mordeo: now the morning chills b. those 
 who are not careful enough, maluiina 
 parum cautos jam frigora m., Hor. the 
 'vot b.s with a sharp taste, radix gustu 
 •en m., Plin.: so of pain caused bv 
 sarcasm, etc. : a biting jest, jocus mor- 
 Oens, Jnr. 
 
 bite (■«"?«.) : morsus, us: (i). the act 
 (f biting: wounds which are nuuU by a 
 
 B l A M E 
 
 b., VTilnera quae morsn finnt, Cels. ; to 
 attack with b.t. morsibns insequi, Ov. 
 (II). o wound made bt/ biting : the ulctr- 
 atedb. of a serpent, ulceraius s<Tpentis 
 m., Lie. : wool pressed ufion the l,.s of a 
 mad dog, lana canis rabiosi niorsibus 
 inculcate, Plin.: Cels. Phr.: with a 
 b., or with Uie tee'h, ra.,rdicus Varr 
 Cic. 
 
 biting (adj.): I. Apt to bite: 
 
 mordax, acis : a b. dog. m. canis, PI. a 
 b. horse, m. equus. Gell. ||. Cutting. 
 Revere: 1. aspiT, era, eium . more 
 b. witticisms, asperiores facetiae, Cic 
 2. mordax a b. poem. m. carmen, 
 uv. : 6. envy. m. invidia, Phaedr. 3 
 mordensr Juv.: v. galu.ng, stinging. " 
 bitter : j. of the taste : amarus 
 sensatior. judges (what is) sweet or b ' 
 sensus judicat dulce, amarum, Cic. : a 
 0. taste in t/ie mouth os amarum. Cels. 
 Some,. hat b.. subankArus . thmys some- 
 what b. please others, alios subamara 
 delectant, Cic. I'hr. : 7i, l,ecome b 
 mnaresco. i : Pall., inaniaresco, j' 
 Hor.: V. also sour. ||. sharp, se- 
 <^>-e: 1. acerbus: 6. cold, a. frigus, 
 Hor. : he was b. in vituperation, a. erat 
 in vituperando, Cic. 2. amarus: b. 
 y^ords. a. dicta, Ov. 3. agper, fira, 
 erum: b. hatred, a. od:a, Virg • Cic ■ 
 V. BITING III. J-ainful. 1. acer- 
 ous: a b. and mournful day for the 
 ^oman people, a. et luctuosus populo 
 K. dies, Cic. : a very b. annoyance, acer- 
 bissima vexatio, Cic 2 gravis e • 
 
 V. ORIKVODS. 
 
 bitterly : 1, acerbe (i. e. u-ith 
 
 austerity): he was b. severe upon hig 
 
 son a. severus in (ilium fuit, Cic. Also 
 
 with ref. to grief vexation: to be b 
 
 vexed at anything. a]U\\ml a. ferre, Cic. 
 
 2. aspere (implying anger and 
 
 harshness) : cato spoi.e b. and violently 
 
 Cato a. et vehementer est locutus, Cic. 
 
 3. infense (implying hostiUt,/ and 
 
 exasperation): to inveigh b.. in. iiivehi 
 
 lac. 4. amare (less frequent than' 
 
 the foregoing; and denoting M;o««i/ed 
 
 Jeelmg rather than hostility) : to repri- 
 
 mand b., admonere a.. Sen. . Suet 
 
 bittern: 1, ardeoia. Plln.' 2 
 astei ias, ae, m. : Plin. 3. butio, on^; 
 m.: Carni. Phil. 
 
 , bitterness : |. Of taste : 1 
 amaritas: </,« b. of the juice, am. succi", 
 Vitr. 2. amariludo: Van-.: Plln 
 
 3. amaror (rare): Lucr. : Virg 
 \l. Sharpness, severity : I acer- 
 hitas : a difference of opinion without 
 ^., dissensio sine a., Cic. 2. aspfritas 
 , ,-f^ Ao«ii/p, aggressive): words of 
 studied b.. verba quaesit^i asperltate 
 lac. 3. amirHiiio (bitter, wounded 
 Jeeling): lest injustice turn to b ne in 
 amantudinem vertat iiyuria, Plln' |l| 
 Severe affliction: 1. aceibilas th'b 
 of extreme grief, a. summi lucius, Cic. 
 2. amaritudo- Val. JIax. : v grie- 
 
 VOISNKSS. 
 
 bitter-sweet (a plant) : 1 am- 
 Pelus, 1, ./.; i'hn. 2. sallcastrum- 
 I'lin. 
 
 bitumen: bitumen, tnis, n.: Tac ■ 
 Plin. 
 
 bituminous: 1. Miomlneus: Ov. 
 
 .2. bitiiminosus. Vitr. 
 bivouac (subs.): (xcfibiae, arum 
 
 Cic- lac. v. WATCH, GIARl). 
 
 bivouac (v.): excubo, ui, Itum, i 
 thei/ ascertained bi/ the fires that our 
 cohorts were b.ing at night near the for- 
 tiJUations. animadverterunt ex ign"ihus 
 noctu cohories nostras ad muiiitiones 
 ex., Caes.. he orders tno legion.-: to b 
 in readiness for action, duas'legiones in 
 arniis ex. jubet, Caes. : Virg. 
 
 blab (('.): 1. del.latfiro, i (rare) • 
 PI- 2. gesto, I: IM.. Sen.: v. to 
 
 DIVULGK, Sl-RKAD ABROAD. 
 
 blab (subs.): 1. garruius (strictly 
 an ailj.) .- Hor. : v. Gos.sn-. 2. gestor 
 (rare): PI. 3. vulgator: Ov.: v 
 
 BABBLHR. 
 
 black (adj.): I. Of colour: 1 
 ater, tra, trum (prop, dead b.) : do you 
 dnnk white or b. wines' album an a 
 
 black at a coal, reddam tam atram quam 
 carbo est, Ter. ; a b. cloud, a. nube« 
 Lie. : a b. (gloomy) colour, color a. Ov' 
 2. niger, gra, gnim (prop, a glossy 
 b.): txj say what things are uhite.what 
 b quae alba sint, quae n. dicere Cic 
 although he was b. (or s>.arthy), vou 
 fair, quamvis ille n., quanivis tu can- 
 didus esses, Virg. volumes of b. smoke 
 n. volumina fund, Ov. : t. blood n 
 sanguis, Ov. : th^ ..ky vas biw.ker t'han 
 pitch, coelum pice nigrius fuit Ov « 
 nigrans, antls (chiefly poet.): 6. u-inoi 
 nlgrantesalacOv.: Vi.g. Phr.: t7bi 
 b.. nigrare, Lucr. : to become b.. nlgres- 
 cere. Ov. . Pim. . v. dark, i,iri; '^n 
 Oumal, calamitous: 1 iu-r a b 
 day. dies a., Virg.: b. decUh. a. won] 
 "or. 2. niger .• a b. day. n. sol, Hor 
 Uv. III. liwrible. atrocious : q. v 
 
 „ : r/^i^^ blue: v. umd phr. 
 
 a b. and blue spot or mark, livor Tib 
 to make b. and blue, variare : PI 
 
 black (subs): |. r/,« 'colour 
 
 iiigruin: the colour is changed from b 
 to ,'/u<e, e nigro color est mutatus in 
 album, Ov. II. Black dress : 1- h r . : pray 
 who ever dined in b. r ado quis unqiiam 
 coenarltatraius? Cic. lictors cl.Uhed in 
 
 III. A black man: Aethiops, opis: 
 let the white man laugh at Itu b., Cer\. 
 ueat Aethiopem albus, Juv. 
 
 black-art, the: 1. magica ars : 
 virg. 2. inagia: Apul. 
 
 black-ball (v.): •nigro calculo*. la- 
 pillo reji, ere, repellJre. 
 
 black-berry: 1. morum: Ov 
 
 Pn!p '"'^"^ ^P''°P- "'* ^'^"'-> 
 
 black-berry bush: rubus; Caes. 
 
 tll'I. . V. KKA.MULE. 
 
 black-bird: nierula: Cic: Hor. 
 black-cap (bird), sylviaatricapilla- 
 Lai ban,. 2. meiancorjphos: Plin. 
 
 black-cattle: v. oxe.n. 
 
 black-cock: 1. tfitiao. onis, m.- 
 Pliii. : huet. : (t. tetrix, Linn. i. 2 
 •lyrurus tetrix : Swainson. 
 
 blacken : |, To make b. : I 
 nigro, I : to 6. one's arms by beatino 
 planctu lacertos n., Stat. 2 denigro' 
 I (intens.): to b. the hair, capiUum d '. 
 Hin. (Wore usu. expr. by nigrum 
 alrum (acere, reddere : v. to make) 
 ||. To darken: q. v. |||. To sully; 
 acnigro, i : to b. any one's hmiour and 
 reputation, aliciijus honorem laniamque 
 d., hirniic. : v. 10 sully, caloiniatk. 
 blackguard: nebaio, onis: Cic 
 
 lior. : V. It.vKE. 
 
 blacking: atramentum: Cic 
 blackish : 1, subniger, gra, grum 
 
 II. Cels. 2. luscus, bubluscus v 
 
 i>ARK, Harkish. 
 
 , black-lead : 
 
 Plin. 
 
 blackness : 
 
 ties. Plin. Cels. 
 
 plumbago, Inis, /. ; 
 
 1. nigrltia or nigri- 
 2. iiigror: Lucr.: 
 
 4. au-i- 
 
 Cels. 3. nigritudoT'piin 
 tas: PI. 
 
 black-smith: 1. ferrarlus fSber: 
 1 1 2. lerraiius: Kirniic 
 
 blacfc-thom: prunus silvestris./..- 
 Col.: Plin. 2. spinus. i,/.: Virg.: 
 
 bladder: vesica (the urinary or 
 any ulher b.) : Cic : Cels. : Hor. A stnaU 
 b.,\i'^icuU: Lucr.: v. a tusici.E. 
 
 , bladder - nut : stauhyiodendron : 
 Plin. 
 
 blade : |, The young shoot of a 
 plant : herba tAe crops die in the early 
 b.. priinis segetc-; moriuntur in herbis 
 Ov.: Cic II. The culling ]>art of a 
 knife, eic. : lamina: th b. 01 a saw, I. 
 uerrae, Virg. . v. alst) sWo'ru. j||" 
 The Jtat pa it of an oar: I palma: 
 Cat.. Vitr. 2. palmula. Vl'rg. 
 
 blade-bone: v. shoulder-blade. 
 
 blame ('•).• 1, reprehendo, di, 
 sum, s : he b.s the iiishness ul the sol- 
 diers. teiiieritalem milituni reprchendit, 
 Caes.: you b. that in me which was 
 praised in Mclellus, tu Id In me r. quod 
 Metello laudl datum est, Cic- to b 
 others, alios r.. Cic 2. accuse, i: 
 
 . I vinum potas.. Pl.:^. wilt make ^ « l/riJi^rr^oil ^."^M« mSnfT^ii.^ 
 
 Si
 
 BLAME 
 
 BLAZON 
 
 BLESS 
 
 quid accnsasf Clc. .- v. to find fault, 
 ACCUSE. 3. incfiso, I (^accuoo- v. 
 TO accuse) : he b.d them severely, vehe- 
 mpnter eos incnsavit, Cats. : to b. an 
 action, fsictum in., Ov. 4. coiidemno 
 (prop, to condemn ) : to b. any one for 
 sloth, aliquem inertiae c, Cic. 5. 
 
 culpo, I (not ill Cic.) : he is praised by 
 some, b.d by others, laudatur ab his, cul- 
 patur ab illis, Hor. : Varr. Suet. 6. 
 improbo, 1 . v. to disapprove. 7. 
 vitiipgro, i : v. to find fault with. 
 8. •perstringo, nxl, ctum, ^ : v. to 
 
 CENSURE. 
 
 blame, blaming (subs.) .- |. 
 
 Censure: \, culpa: (pTo^i.tlie fault ; 
 but in certain connexions, the blame of 
 it) . fortune bears the b. of all these 
 evils, horum nialorum omnium c. for- 
 tnna sustinet, Cic. I have avoided b., 
 not deserved praise, vitavi c, laudem 
 non merui, Hor. v. inf. (II.). 2, re- 
 prghensio r the b. of a fault, culpae r., 
 Cic. : things deserving of no b.. nulla r. 
 digna, Suet. 3. vituperatio : (stronger 
 than the preceding) : to avoid b., v. 
 vitiire, Cic. v. reproof. 4. incu- 
 satio (di'noting an emphatic njihraid- 
 ing): Cic. 5. improbatio v. disap- 
 proval II, The fault itself : \, 
 culpa: they laid the b. therenf on the 
 multitude, ejus rei c. in niultitudinera 
 contulerunt, Caes. : to lay the b. on 
 another's shoulders, c. in aliquem trans- 
 ferre, Cic. ■ Hor. 2. no.'iia : to be 
 free from b., esse e.\(ra n., Ter. ; iioxia 
 carere, PI. : v fault. 
 blameable : 1. cuipabiiis, e (not 
 
 in Cic): Apul. : Arnob. 2. vitupe- 
 rabilis, e (rare) : what is in its onm na- 
 ture b., that, I think, is called a vice, 
 quod V. est per seipsuni, id viiium no- 
 minatum puto, Cic. 3. K-xpr. by 
 ger. of verbs for ta blame (q. v.) . as, r/' 
 those uho were panic-slrii:kf,n were b., 
 still more um-thy oj censure are those 
 who pretended fear, si acctisandi sunt 
 ii qui pertimuerunt, magis etiam repre- 
 hendendi qui se timere sirauiaverunt, 
 Cic. 
 
 blameablr : 1. culpabiliter (rare) : 
 Symm. ( I'lie conipar. culpabilius oc- 
 curs in F'aiil. Nol.). 2. More usu. 
 e.xpr. by phr. : as, to act most b , res 
 manna leprehensione dignas facere : v. 
 
 BLAME. 
 
 blameless : i. Not blameable with 
 respect to any particular act: culpa 
 liber; reprehensione hand s. inininie 
 digiuis, etc.: v. FREE from, undeserv- 
 ing of (blame). ||, Ot general cha- 
 racter : spotless, unlilcmished. \, sanc- 
 tus : men most frugal and b., homines 
 frugalissinii, sanctissimi, Cic. : a most 
 b. philosophi/ (the stoic), s;inctissima 
 disciplina, Gell. v. moral, upright. 
 2. iimOcens, litis : o good man and 
 a b. one, vir bonus et i., Cic. : v. in.no- 
 CKNT. 3. integer, gra, gruni (i. e. 
 incorrupt ibU) b. men, homines in., 
 Cic. : o most b. life, iiitegerrinia vita, 
 Cic. : Hor. 4. irrepreheiisus your 
 b. uprightness, tua probiias ir., Ov.: v. 
 innocent, irreproachable. 
 
 blamelessly : 1. sancte : to go- 
 vern (a province) b., (pruvinciam) s. 
 obtinere. Cic. yuint. . v. rhxigiouslv. 
 2. integre : Cic. : Suet. 3. in- 
 nficenter QuinL : Tac. : v. irreproach- 
 
 ABLT. 
 
 blamelessnesS : 1. innScentia : 
 Cic: Llv. 2. integritas v. up- 
 
 KIGHTNE-SS. 
 
 blamer: 1. reprehensor- Cic: 
 
 Ov. 2. vlluperalor : eiirions b.s, 
 
 invidi v., Cic. 3. Or expressed by 
 verb: v. to blame. 
 
 blanch.' v. to whiten. I'hr. :<o 
 k. almonds, amygdalas decoriare, I'all. 
 
 bland: blandus: v. iiiLD, affable, 
 gentle. 
 
 blandishment : 1. bianditia : 
 PI. : Cic. 2. blandinientuiu • Pi. : 
 Cic. 3. lenocinium (esp. in pi.): v. 
 
 FA.SCINATIONS. 
 
 blank (a'O-) •• I. ^ot filled or 
 
 written on ; 1. pi'iriis : b. papers, 
 
 ebartae p., Ulp. 2. vaciSus (Kr. and 
 82 
 
 Georg.). II. Pale, confounded, dis- 
 
 mayed ■ q. v. Phr.: Tne b. horror 
 seized, me luridus occupat horror, Ov. ; 
 obstupui, Virg. • v. aghast. |||. 
 
 Of heroic verse ; without rhymes : *ver- 
 sus heroicus purus ; versus non as- 
 sonantes. |V. Phr.: a b. cartridge, 
 *embolus sine glande s. globulo. 
 
 blank (SMbs.): |, An unoccupied 
 space : inline, is, ra. : Lucr. : Cic P h r. • 
 ttiere is a b. in the letter, *est in epis- 
 tola lacuna; desunt in epistola quae- 
 dam his mind uas a h., animus ejus 
 onini cognitione vacuus erat. ||. A 
 ticket uhicli draws no prize : *sorscassa 
 «. inanis. 
 
 blanket : 1. lodi-x, icis, /. : Ju v. : 
 
 Mart. 2. lodicula (a small b.) : 
 
 Suet. 3. stragula vestis : Clc. : Hor. 
 
 blaspheme : blasphemo, i : Tert. . 
 V. TO revile. 
 
 blasphemer : blasphemus • Tert. 
 
 blasphemous: blasphemus. Prud. 
 
 blasphemously: mostly in phr. to 
 speak b. of : v. to blaspheme. 
 
 blasphemy : 1. biasphematlo ■ 
 Tert. 2. blasphemia : Hier. 
 
 blast (subs.) ■ I. A gust ofurind : 
 1, fianien, inis, n. : a b. of ivind, 
 venti r, Lucr. : Virg. 2. fiahra, 
 
 orura (poet.) : b.s of winds, f. veiitor- 
 um, Lucr. : the b.s of Boreas, f. Bureae, 
 Prop. • V. GUST, gale. II. The sound 
 of a ivind instrument : 1. fliimen • 
 ihe b.s of the flute, flaniiiia tibiae. 
 Hor. 2. (more usu.) flatus, us- to 
 fill the theatre vrith its b. (of the tibia), 
 coniplere sedilia flatu, Hor. 3, 'u- 
 fliitus, us (lit. a blowing into) : at the 
 first b. (f the flute-player, prinio in. tibi- 
 cinis, Cic. 4. bucclnum (of a trum- 
 pet): Plin. III. Any pernicious in- 
 fluence : afflatus, us (either of good or of 
 evil) : they were scorcheA bi/ the b. of the 
 hot air, ambusti sunt afflatu vaporis, 
 Li V. : the serpent's b., serpentis af., Stat. 
 
 V. BLIGHT. 
 
 blast (''•)■• I. To came to wither : 
 V. TO BLIGHT. Phr.: b.'d with light- 
 ning, de coelo tactus, Liv. ; e coelo 
 ictus, Cic. II. To ruin, cause to fail: 
 
 V. TO OVERTHROW, FRUSTRATE, etc. 
 
 Phr.: to b. one's hope, spem frustrari, 
 Suet, (or perh. spem extinguere: v. TO 
 EXTINGUISH)- to b. a design, consilium 
 turbare, Tac ■ to b. a person's reputa- 
 tion in a libellous poem, aliquem pro- 
 broso carmine diffanure, Tac. 
 
 blasting (subs.) : Phr.: to remove 
 rocks by b., *rupes suppusilo pulvere 
 nitrato disjicere. 
 
 blaze (subs.): v. FLAME, fire. 
 
 blaze (I'O ■• A, in trans. : 1. 
 ardeo, arsi, arsiini, 2 : the woods and 
 mountains b., silvae cum nionlibus a., 
 Ov. : Cic 2. ardesco, j (begin to b.) : 
 the waves begin to b. with the fn-es, ar- 
 descunl igiiibus undae, Ov. : v. fire, to 
 TAKE. 3. e.xardesco, j : v. fire, to 
 TAKE. Fig., the violence of Titi-nus 
 b.d forth, exaxsit violentiaTurni, Virg. : 
 a seditwn b.d forth, seditio exarsit, 
 Tac 4. flagro, i : the fires were 
 
 h.ing, flagrabanl ignes, Ov. .• b.ing mer- 
 rhant-ships, fiagraiites onerariae, Cic. 
 Kig. : /talyis b.ing v-ith tear, bello f. 
 Italia, Cic. 5. conflagro, i (of many 
 things burning together): they perceiv&i 
 that the baggage n as b.ing, impedimenta 
 confliigrareintflligcbant, Caes. : the fleet 
 was b.ing, classis confiagrabat, Cic. : v. 
 TO BURN (intrans.). B. Trans.: to 
 blaze abroad: vulgo, palam facio. v. to 
 
 PUBLISH. 
 
 blazon (i'-)-- I. in heraldry- •in- 
 signia gentilicia scite describere, or pro- 
 pnis coloribus depingere (Ains.). ||, 
 To ndorn,derk: q. v. |||, To make 
 public : vendito, i : he very craftily b.'d 
 abroad all the decrees, omnia decreta 
 callidissime veiiditabat, Cic: Liv.: v. 
 
 TO IRV UP, RECOMMEND, PUBLISH. 
 
 blazon, blazonry (subs.): |. a 
 coat of arms : *insignia gentilicia in 
 scuto descripta (Ains.). ||. Publica- 
 tion : vendTtaiTo : everything is done 
 without b. and withnut the presence of 
 the public, omnia sine v. et sine populo 
 
 teste finnt, Cic. : v. notorietv. dm- 
 
 PIAV. 
 
 bleach : candldum facio or eff icio, j : 
 Phr.. exposure to the sun b.s, insolatio 
 candorem facit (cf. Plin. 2i, 49). 
 
 bleacher: qui vestes Candidas facit: 
 
 v. TO BLEACH. 
 
 bleaching (subs.) : insolatio : PHd. 
 (who applies the word to the expasure 
 of II ax to the sun). 
 
 bleaching-ground : *iocus ubi fit 
 
 insolatio. 
 
 bleak (adj.) : l. algidus (frigi- 
 dus) atque ventosus: v. cold, chilli; 
 WINDY. 2. immitis, e: b. and desert 
 places, im. et deserta loca, Plin.: I>. 
 tvinds, im. venti, Tib. 
 
 bleak (subs.) . albumus : Auson. 
 
 bleakness: Pbr. : 6. of situation, 
 ' *loci situs Irigidus atque ventis nimis 
 expositus. 
 
 blearedness : 1. lippitudo : Cic. : 
 
 Cels. 2. oculorum fluxlo. Plin. 
 
 blear-eyed: lippus: a b. ivoman,i. 
 
 mulier, PI. : Hor. Phr. ; to be b., 
 lipplo, 4 Cic : heat is beneficial to the 
 b., calor adjuvixt lippientes, Cels. 
 
 bleat ("•) •■ baio, i the sheep are 
 
 not even b ing, oves ne b. quidem, PI. ; 
 
 the b.ing finck, pecus balaiis. Juv. a 
 
 .fiock if b.ing creatures (i.e. sheep), hi- 
 
 lantum grex, Virg. 
 
 _ bleat, bleating (subs._ : baiatus, 
 us to keep up a b., balatum exercere, 
 Virg. : Ov. 
 
 bleed: A. intrans. : Phr. : 7(is 
 nose b.s, sanguis ei ex naribus fluit, 
 Cels. ; the ivound b.s copiously, profusio 
 sanguinis e.x vulnere fit, Cels. the nose 
 ii-iU b. (violently), sanguis per nares 
 eruinpet, Cels. : he bled to death, *effuso 
 per vulnera sanguine mortuus est. 
 Fig. these things make the heart b., 
 hae res magnum et acerbum dolorem 
 coniniovent, Cic : my heart b.s, animus 
 niilii dolet, PI. B. Trans.: san- 
 guiiiem mitio, misi, missuni, j (with 
 dat. of person), it is nothing neiv to b. 
 young perstms by opening a vein, san- 
 guinem incisa vena, junioiibus niitti, 
 novum non est, Cels. if the voman 
 is rujt strong, it is wrong to bleed her, si 
 mulier parum valet, male sanguis mit- 
 titur, Cels. : to b.from the arm, ex bra- 
 chio sanguinem m., Cels. Fig.; to b. 
 a province (i. e. to exhaust it of weolth), 
 sanguinem provinciae m., Cic. Phr.; 
 tfie man is not strong enough to be b., 
 homo detiactionem sanguinis sustiiiere 
 non potest, Cels. . v. blood. 
 
 bleeding (subs.) : |. A letting of 
 blood : 1, sanguinis detractio, Cels. 
 2. sanguinis niissio, Cels. ||. A 
 flowing of blood: Phr.: a b. from the 
 nose, sanguinis e naribus fluxio. Plin. ; 
 narium profluvium, Plin.: to stop a b., 
 sanguinem sistere, Plin.; sanguinem 
 suppriiiiere, Cels. . an excessive b., san- 
 guinis profu.sio, Cels. 
 
 bleeding (adj.) : crudus : b. irounds, 
 vulnera c, Ov. Plin. v. raw, fr^sh. 
 
 blemish (subs.) : \, Physical . 
 
 1. vitium : v. flaw. 2. labes, 
 is, /. : a victim free from, b., victima 
 labe cirens, Ov. ■ 6. of person, corporis 
 1., Suet. 3. nienda there was no- 
 iihere a b. in her v-hole Imiy, in toto 
 nusquani corpore m. fuit, Ov. 4. 
 niendiim . seldom is a face without a 
 b., raro meudo facies caret, Ov. ; Cic: 
 V. STAIN, defect. ||, Moral: nia- 
 ciila . Pi • there is a certain stain and 
 b. of this age, viz to envy excellence, est 
 hiijiis seculi labes quafdam et m., vir- 
 luti invideie, Cic; v. stain, DISGRACE, 
 FAULT. 
 
 blemish C^'-) •■ niacQlo, i ; maculis 
 aspergo, j ; v. to stain, defile. 
 
 blend : immlsceo. commisceo ; v. to 
 mingle. Phr.; tiio peoples b.'d in one, 
 duo populi confusi in imum, Liv. 
 
 bless : I. To pronounce a bless- 
 ing on ; to declare blessed : bgnedico, xi, 
 ctum, 5 (prop, with dat., but in later 
 and Christian authors often with ace.): 
 to b. (iod. I )eum b., Tert. : Isaac ivas 
 preparing to h. his son Ksau, Isaac 
 Ksau tiliuin b. parabat, Sulp. Sev,
 
 B X< ES S E D 
 
 B L OC K H K A 1) 
 
 ll> ^o prosper, make succesf/ul •■ 
 1. sgcuiido, I ; viaij Ike (joils b nur 
 enterprise, di nostra incepia secundent! 
 Vlrg. 2. lorluno. i : tin; gofts iHll 
 b. your plans, di fortunabum voslra 
 consilia, PL ; Clc. P b r. : God b. 
 you I Di te amcnt ! PI. : g<>d.% b. my 
 undertaking, 1)1 copptis aspirate niels, 
 Ov. : (;od b. your enilem-otirs, faveant 
 superl conatibus tuis, Erasm. |||. To 
 cotisecrale: bSntdico, } (u>u. with ace.): 
 Hod rested on the sei'etith day and b.'d 
 it, Deu8 requlevit die scpiinio eunique 
 benedixit, l-act. : lo b. an attar, allarium 
 b., Snip. Sev. V. TO CONSKCliATE IV. 
 To ylont'y, extol : q. v. • benOdico, j 
 to b. God, Deum b.. Apiil. : Ten. V. 
 To favour, endow liberally, esp. in p. 
 part., blest : v. gifted, knixiwed. 
 Phr.: old age is vsually b. u-iOi pru- 
 dence, injiiience, sciiecius augeri sulet 
 consllio. auctorilate, Cic. 
 
 blessed : 1. bciif's ■• <^< &• ^J"y 
 
 eternal life, beati aevo scmpiterno fru- 
 unlur, Cic. : the islands of the b., beato- 
 rom insulae, Cic. : a man of b. memory, 
 vir b. memoriae, Hier. 2. P'"* (°f 
 the dead only): the abode of the 6., 
 pionim sedes, Cic. ; arva pionim, Ov. . 
 
 V. HA PPT, FORTUNATE. 
 
 blessedness: 1. bsatitas: Cic. 
 
 2. t'CUtillldo: Cic. V. HAPPINESS. 
 
 blessing: I. ^ benediction: b€- 
 
 nediclio / asJced for his b., benedictio- 
 nem flagitabam. siilp. Sev. ||, What 
 conduces to happiness : bOntim : the 
 chief b.. sumnium b., Cic. the b.s of 
 peace, bona patis, Tac : v. advantage, 
 
 BENEFIT. 
 
 blight (.subs.) : 1 roblgo, inis,/. 
 (i.e. mildew, canker) : Hor. : Plin, 2. 
 firedo. inls, /. : Cic. Pliii. 3. lu'-. 
 is,/, (a more general term than the pre 
 ceding) : a lamentable b. came u]>on the 
 trees and crops, miseranda venil arbor- 
 Ibusque satisque lues, Virg. 4. sider- 
 itio : Plin. 
 
 blight ("•) •■ UTO, nssi, ustnm, j : the 
 cold has b.'d them, ea Irigiis ussil, Plin 
 Phr.. the trees have been b.'d, uredo 
 arboribus nocult, Cic. 
 
 blind (a^?-) ■ caucus : in most senses 
 (1). Lit. : b. puppies, catuli c, Cic. : as 
 if the b. uould lead the b., ut si c iter 
 monstrare velit, Hor. (ii). ckstitute of 
 discernment : not only is Fortune her- 
 self b., but she generally makes her 
 favourites b. too, non solum ipsa For- 
 tuna c. est, sed eos etiam plerumque 
 efficit c. quos complexa est, Cic. : 6. to 
 these tricks of nar, c. ad has belli artes, 
 Liv. (ili). heedless, inconsiderate : b. 
 fear, c. timer, Clc. : b. chance, caeca 
 sors, Hor. Phr.: bom b., caecigenus, 
 Lucr. : b. of one eye, cocles, itis . PI. • 
 Plin.; luscus: Cic: Juv. : to become b., 
 lumina araittere, Cic. : to become quite 
 b., aspectum omnino amittere, Cic. 
 
 '\i^'d,{v.): Todepriieofsight: \. 
 caeco, 1 : the sun b.s, sol c, Lucr. Fig.: 
 they b.'d the minds of the unskilful by 
 lavish expenditure, laigitione caecarunt 
 mentes imperittjriun, Cic. 2. e,\- 
 
 caeco, I (rare). Cic. 3. occaeco, 
 
 I : to b. the ei/es, ociilos oc, Ccls. 
 Plin. Fig.: li.'d by folly, stultitia 
 occaecatus, Cic. : Liv. : v. io dazzle, 
 
 DABKEN. 
 
 blind (»"6s.): J serpen .• 1. velum 
 .'of cloth) : v. AWNING. 2. Iran- 
 
 senna (a \'ei>ettan blind, or one made 
 of moveable pieces of vood, etc.) : Cic. 
 3. clathri (caucelli) fenestrarum 
 (like transenna). 
 
 blinded: luminibus (oculis, Virg.) 
 captus, Liv. : 6. of one eye, altero oculo 
 captus, Liv. 
 
 blindfold ("•)•* oculos alicui obli- 
 gare. Sen. 
 
 blindfold, blindfolded: Phr.- 
 
 the man being b. ran agaitist me, homo 
 obligatis oculis in me iiicurrit. Sen. 
 blindly : tgmere : V. iNcossiDER- 
 
 ATELT, THOCGIITLESSLY. 
 
 blindman's-buff : *ludus in quo 
 aliouis octilis obligatis ceteros apprehen- 
 dere ■lonatur. 
 
 blindness: caecltas- b. is a great 
 
 Fig.- 
 
 afflicticm, tDiseram caecitas, Cic. 
 mental b., aiiinii c. Cir. 
 
 blink: connivC-o, nivi or nixi, 2 to 
 b. u-ith sleep, sonino c, Tac. : to b, at 
 thunder and htjhlning ad tonltrua et 
 fulg\ira c. Suet. v. To WINK. 
 
 bliss: beatitudo- v happiness, fe- 
 licity. 
 
 blissful: bcatus. v. HAPPY, ule.'^sed. 
 
 blister (.'«''*.) •• I. ^ watery tu- 
 mour: V. PUSTULE, TUHOrR. ||. A 
 kind of plaster Jor raising blisters ■ vS- 
 slcatoriuni . M. L. 
 
 blister ('■)•• A. T r a n s. : to raise 
 blisters on the skin : 1. pustfilo, I 
 (not of the medical treatment) • Coei 
 Aur. b.'d silier. argentiim pustulalum. 
 Suet. 2. (to put on a blister) : *vesi- 
 catorium appllcare; v. to apply. B. 
 1 n t r a n s. : 1. pusttilo. i : Tert. 
 2. pustiilcsco. } : Coel. Aur. 
 
 blithe, blithesome: hilaris and 
 hilarus v. (hkkiiful, gay'. 
 
 blithely : hllare . v. cheerfully, 
 
 GAILY. 
 
 blitheness: hilarltas: v. cheer- 
 
 FUI.NK.ss, GAIETY. 
 
 bloat: V. TO .SWELL. 
 
 bloated (a<lj ) •• sufflatus • a b. body, 
 s. corpus. V'arr. v. fat, swollen. 
 
 block (subs.) : I. A heavy piece of 
 vood: 1, stipes, itis, m. Caes. : 
 Tib. 2. lignum v. log. Phr.- o 
 butcher's block, mensa lanionia. Suet. 
 Claud. 15: a hat-b., *pilei forma; he 
 uas at last brought to the b., tandem se- 
 curi percussus est, Cic. : v. to behead. 
 II, A large mass of any heavy sub- 
 stance: 1. massa: marble in theb, 
 niarmor In massa, Plin. 2. gleba 
 a b. of marble, marmoris g., Plin. |||, 
 The piece of wood in which a pulley 
 iiinves: 1. rechamus: Vitr. 2. 
 irnchlea- Lucr Vitr. |V. ^ Wocfc- 
 head: q. v. : caudex, stipes : Ter. 
 
 block up (I'O- 1. obsepio, sepsi, 
 septum, 4 - the roads were b.'d up, ob- 
 septa sunt itinera, Liv. Fig.: to b. 
 up the road to the curule offices, iter ad 
 curules magistratus ob., Liv. : (jic. 2. 
 obstruo, struxi, structum, j ; b.'d up 
 iiindoivst obstructae fenestrae, Varr. : 
 toll, up a road, iterob., Cic; tab. up 
 (he gates, portas ob., Caes. 3. prae- 
 striio, J ; (to b. up in front : less fre- 
 ((uent): Ov. 4. opplgo, plevi, ple- 
 tum, 2 (to fill or choke up) : the snows 
 had b.'d up everything, nives omnia 
 oppleverant, Liv. . Cic. . v. also TO 
 blockade. 
 
 blockade (subs.): 1. obsidlo. to 
 
 take cities partly by storm, partly byb , 
 partim vi, partim obsidii'ne nrbes cap- 
 ere, Cic. . to maintain the b. of any- 
 one, aliquem in obsidione habere, Caes. : 
 to abandon a b.. ob. omittere, Tac. : to 
 raise (i. e. relieve) a b.. ob. solvere, 
 Liv.: to undergo a b. for ten years, 
 annis decern in obsidione teneri, Tac. 
 
 2. obsessio : to abandon a b., ob- 
 sessionem omittere, Caes. • Suet. (But 
 obsessio is rather the act of blockading ; 
 obsidio the blockade itself). 3. obsi- 
 dlum : PI.: Tac- v. siege. 
 
 blockade ('■•)•• 1. obsideo, sedi, 
 srssum, 2 . armed men b.d all the ap- 
 proaches, omnes aditus armati olpside- 
 bant, Cic: to b. a city, urbcni ob., Liv. : 
 Caes. 2. obsido, j (obsido refers to 
 the taking up of the position; obsideo 
 to the holding of it): to b. a bridge, 
 pontem ob.. Sail. . to b. the gates, portas 
 ob., Virg. 3. circumvallo, i (to sur- 
 round with entrenchments) : Fompey 
 was b.d, circumvallatus est Ponipeius, 
 Cic. 4. claudo, clausi, clausum, j ; 
 they b. Capua with siege-uorks, Capuam 
 operibus claudunt, Liv. : Virg. ■ v. to 
 
 BESIEGE. 
 
 blockader : obsessor : in pi. obsM- 
 
 entes 1-iv. : Tac. : v. besieger. 
 
 blockhead : 1. caudex, ids, m. 
 (prop, a trunk or block) : Ter. 2. 
 stipes, itis, to.: v. Ter. Heaut. 5, 1,4. 1 
 
 3. truncus-: hoiv can there be wisdom 
 in a'b. of that kind? qui potest es.se | 
 
 15 I, «» D-ST A 1 N ED 
 
 blood: I. The vital fluid : L 
 sanguis, Inis, m. (viul b.) : the b. if 
 diffused through the veins to every part 
 of the body, s. per venas in omne corpus 
 diffuniiiiur, Cic. ; to Ut 6, 6. mittere, 
 Cic. to staunch the b., s. snpprimere, 
 CeU. : melon, for life : Ite freely be- 
 stowed his b. for his country, largitus 
 est patriae suum s., Cic. ; he was thirst- 
 ing for our b., sanguinem nostrum sitie- 
 bat, Cic. Fig.- he had drawn these 
 sums from the b. of the treasury, haec 
 de s. deiraxerat aerarii, Cic. (s. mit- 
 tere, of ' bleeding,' the treasury, Cic.) : to 
 shed the first b. in a var, iH-llum san- 
 guine imbuere, Virg. : the b. of the 
 grape, S- uvarum, Cassiod. ; Bacchaeus 
 8., Stat. v. JUICE. Pro v.: lo squeeze 
 b.from a stone, aquam a pumice posta- 
 lare, PI. 2. cruor (usu. b. shed; 
 
 gore, q. v.) : the freshest b. of an enemy, 
 nimici recentissimus c. Cic. • Me leech 
 full of b , plena cruoris birudo, Hor. 
 Phr. to stain a sword » itti b., gladium 
 cruentare, Clc. 3. sanies, /. (i. e. 
 sanious matter, gore : q. v.) : CeU. ; 
 Virg. : Tac. 4. caedes, is, /. (prop. 
 slaughter, carnage) : rivers mingled 
 with b., pcrmixta flumina caede, (it. 
 Liv. - Ov. II. Kitidred, lineage : 
 
 1. sanguis connected by b., san- 
 guine conjuncti, Cic. • whether he cele- 
 brates gods or Icings, the b. of gods, sive 
 dt'os regesve canit, deorum sanguinem, 
 Hor. 2, natura : you are his father 
 by b., t by training, natura tu illi pater, 
 consiliis ego, Ter. : Cic. 3. gSnus : 
 V. RACE, FAMILY. |||. Bloodshed. 
 Q. ^'- IV. Temper of mind, state of 
 the passions' : Phr.: all men's b. was 
 up for revenge, omnium animi ad ulcis- 
 cendum ardebant, Caes. ; there was ill 
 b. between this man and Curio, huic 
 simultas cum Curione intercedebat. 
 Caes. : aU the prisoners were killed in 
 cold b., *captivi omnes nihil resis- 
 tentes (?) et amoto pugnae studio 
 necati s. trucidati sunt : or simply tru- 
 cidati sunt. (Not -consnlio' or 'tran- 
 quilloanimo,' which some of the Diction- 
 aries give.) V. In P^""- '.ll<:sh and b..' 
 i.e human nature. Phr.: flesh and b. 
 shall never drive me to fear, nunquam 
 me caro ista ad metum compellet. Sen. . 
 accursed flesh and b., scelerata pulpa, 
 Pers. : flesh and b. can bear it no longer 
 *haec non sunt humanae palientiae. 
 extra humanam patieiitiam sunt. 
 
 blood (v.): V. TO BLEED. 
 
 blood-gniltiness : v. murder. 
 blood-hound: *canis q" fugunos 
 
 sanguine indagat or vestigat. 
 bloodiness: v. cruelty. 
 bloodless: I. Destitute of blood : 
 exsaiiguis, e- the b. bodies of the dead. 
 ex. corpora mortuorum, Cic : the b. 
 shades, ex. umbrae, Virg. Phr. to bt 
 b.. sanguine carere, Cic. ; v. pale. ||. 
 .\ot attended with bloodshed: incruen- 
 tus a far from b. battle, baud incru- 
 entnm proelium, Liv. : a b. victory, 
 in. victoria, Liv. 
 
 blood-letting : sanguinis detraclio 
 oj-missio: (>ls.; v. to bleed. 
 
 blood-red: 1. crOentus: 6. myr- 
 tle-beriies. c myrta, Virg. 2. san- 
 gfiiiieus: b. manes of horses, s. jubae, 
 Virg.: b. juice, hue, s. saccus, color, 
 Plin. 3. sanguin51entus;a6.co/oiir. 
 s. color, Ov. 
 
 bloodshed: 1. <»edes. te,/.: v. 
 slaughter. 2. cruor (melon.): n<nc* 
 conws b., hence slaughter, and nearer 
 death, hinc c, hinc caedes, mors proplor- 
 que venlt. Tib. : Hor. : v. slaughter. 
 3. sanguis, inis, m. : that iiui the 
 end of tlie b.. is finis sahguinis erat, Liv. 
 Phr. attnided with b., cruentus, hand 
 Incruentus : v. blood-stained, blood- 
 Li>s 
 
 blood-shot : P h r. : «i< eyes areb., 
 cruore suffunduntur ocult, Plin. • b. 
 eii's, sjinguis oculis suffusus, Plin. (of. 
 Virg. A. 2, 210, ' oculos suffecti sanguine 
 et Igni.') 
 
 blood-stained: 1. cruentus. 6- 
 
 in ejusmodi trunco sapientia 
 also ASS. 
 
 > Cic. See u-ilhihe blood of citizens, c. sanguine 
 ! civlum, CSc ; a b. carriage, c. vehicu- 
 I 8i
 
 Bi,0 D-STON K 
 
 BLOW 
 
 BLUNDER 
 
 Intn, Liv. : 6. peace, c. pax, Tac. 2. 
 cruentatus . b. men, vjri c, Ov. ; v. 
 BLOODY. 3. sanguiiiolentus ; thx b. 
 Allia, 8. Allia, Ov. : b. seditions, sedi- 
 tiones s., Varr. (/r.). 
 
 blood-stone : haematites, ae, m. ■ 
 Cels.; PI in. 
 
 blood-sucker: sangiiisuga, hiriido: 
 
 V. LEECH. 
 
 blood-thirstily : cruente : Sen. : 
 Justin. 
 
 blood-thirsty: 1. sangutnarius . 
 cruel and b. by nature, saevus ei s. na- 
 tura, Suet. . Cic: v. sanguinakt. 2. 
 cruentus : b. Mars, c. Mars, Hor. : b. 
 a/nger, c. ira, Hor. : v. sakgcinary 
 3. saiiguinolentus (prop, laden or 
 Stained xvith blood) : b. Erinvys, s. 
 Erinnys, Ov. 4. sanguineus (rare) : 
 Ov. : Sil. 
 
 blood-vessel : vena ; Cic. ; Cels. ; 
 
 V. VEIN', ARTEKV. 
 
 blood-wort : sangulnalis herba : 
 Cels. 
 
 bloody, of blood : I- stained 
 with bluod : \. sanguineus 6. hands, 
 s. manus, Ov. . b. rain, i. e. of blood, s. 
 imber, Cic. 2. sanguinolentus b. 
 breasts, s. pectora.Ov. . Tib. ||. Blood- 
 thirsty: q. V. Ill, Attended tvith blood- 
 shed-: 1. cruentus: that day most b. 
 to the Roman name, ille cruentissiraus 
 Romano noniini dies. Veil. : v. blood- 
 STAIKED, GOBj-. 2. Sanguineus : a 
 b. spear, s. basta, Stat. . Ov. 3. san- 
 guin61entijs: a b. victory, s. palma, 
 Auct. Her. 
 
 bloody-minded : "^■- bloodthirsty. 
 
 bloom (subs.) : I. Blossom : q. v. 
 
 II, The kind of dev) which covers 
 certain fruits (?) flos, fioris, m. , quasi 
 ros (quidam) subtilis baccis qulbu^dam 
 inhaerens. Phr. • to take the b. off 
 anything, delibo, i • to take off the b. 
 of a maiden's innocence even by a look, 
 lie Tirginitatis integritate d., Flor. . Cic. 
 
 III. -^ period of health and vigour, 
 flos: the b. of' life,f. aetatis, Lucr. : a 
 girl in her freshest b., viridissinio f. 
 puella. Cat. . the young maii died in his 
 first b., in f. primo juvenis extinctus 
 est, Plin. Phr.: the rosy b. of youth, 
 lumen juventae purpureum, Virg. 
 
 bloom ("•) •" 1. florgo, z • this tree 
 b.s thrice, haec arbor ter f., Cic. ; Virg. 
 Hor. 2. floresco, j (to begin to b.) : 
 shrubs begin to b. at a fixed period, f. 
 tempore certo arbusta, Lucr. Cic. (For 
 the tig. signitication, v. to klol'rish.) 
 
 blooming: 1. florens, entis. the 
 b. cytisus, 1. cytisus, Virg. ; thresholds 
 b. with garlands, f. limina sertis, Virg. • 
 ft. fields, f. arva, Ov. 2. floridus- 
 b. meadows, f. prata, Lucr. : a b. Utile 
 jrirZ.f. puellula, Cat. 3. nitens, entis : 
 b. crops, n. culta, Virg. : a b. iirife, uxor 
 n., Cat. 4. nltidus: very b. plains, 
 campi nitidissimi, Cic. : you tvill see me 
 fat and b., me pinguem el n. vises, 
 
 Hor.: V. FLOURISHING. 
 
 bloomingly: floride: Apul.: Lact. 
 
 blossom (subs.): 1. flos, floris, 
 m. : to pluck fresh b.s, novos decerpere 
 f., Lucr. : rose b.s, flores rosae, Hor. : 
 the thistle produces a purple b., carduiis 
 f. purpureum mittit, Plin. 2. flos- 
 ciilus (oftener fig.- v. flower): Cic. 
 Phr.: when the Ixan has shed its b.s 
 it requires litth water, cum faba de- 
 floruit exiguas aquas desiderat, Plin. 
 P'ig. : you knew him when already 
 shedding his b.s (i. e. losing his mental 
 energy), eum jam deflorescentem cog- 
 novisti, Cic. 
 
 blossom (y.) : floreo, 2 : Cic. Virg. : 
 
 Hor. : v. TO BJ.OOM, FLOURISH. 
 
 blot ("•) ■ \. 1'" ^po' or Ixdaub 
 with ink, etc. Phr.: to b. paper, 
 *chartam atramento aspergere. ||. 
 ?b blot out . i. e. to obliterate. 1. 
 delgo, levi, letum, 2 : / have almost b.'d 
 out the letter with my tears, epistolam 
 lacrimis prope delevi, Cic. Fig.: to 
 b. out the disgrace of fight by (subse- 
 quent) bravery, turpitudinem fugae vir- 
 tutc d., Caes. 2. exstinguo, xi, ctuni, 
 j: to b. out utterly whxit he ha/1 pre- 
 vimisly wrxtttn, quae antea scripserat 
 84 
 
 plane ex., Cic. to b. out the name of 
 the Roman people, nomen P I', ex., 
 Cic. to b. out the public rcan-d (ol a 
 deed), meraoriam publicam ex., Cic. : v. 
 
 TO EJtASF, OBLITEBATK. 
 
 blot (subs.) : I, A blot or stain on 
 paper, etc. ■ 1. labes. is, f. . ink 
 u'he'n touched leaves a mark and b., 
 tractala notam labiniique remiltunt 
 atramenta, Hor. : v. stain. 2. litiira 
 (prop, an erasure, q. v.) : this b. will 
 have been made by my tears, haec erit 
 e lacrimis facta litura meis, Prop. ; Ov. . 
 V. SPOT. Phr.: a page covered with 
 b.s, *pagina atramento commaculata. 
 II, Fig.: macula, labes : v.stig»la, 
 
 DISGR.KCE, BLEMISH. 
 
 blotch : varus, Cels. . Plin. 
 
 blotting books : Uturai ii, onim ; 
 Auson. 
 
 blotting paper : bibula charla : 
 Plin. 
 
 blow (subs.) : I. A stroke : 1. 
 plaga . to endure b.s, plagas pati, Ter. ; 
 p. perferre, Cic : the sound of b.s, crep- 
 itus plagarum, Cic. : to inflict a iiiur- 
 tal blow, p. moniferam infligere, Cic. 
 
 2. ictiis, us: esp. of a blow which 
 penetrates and wounds : v. stroke. 
 
 3. c61aphus (a 6. with the fsl): 
 Pi.: J will give you a b., culapbum tibi 
 ducam. Quint. 4. al.ipa (a flat- 
 handed blow : so called from the noise 
 produced): v. slap. Phr.- to aim a 
 b. at any one with a javelin, aliquem 
 spiculo petere, Liv.: he aims a b. at his 
 breast uilh a sword, pectora gladio 
 petit, Ov. II. An act of hostilit;/: 
 plaga . a b.from a friend is more bear- 
 able than one from a debtor, levior est 
 p. ab amico quam a debituie, Cic. 
 Phr.: the matter has come to b.s and 
 fighting, res venit ad manus et .id pug- 
 nara, Cic. |||. A sudden evmt or act 
 involving loss or evil: 1. i)laKa: a 
 b. was given to your candidates/tip, p. 
 est injecta petitioni tnae. Cic. • to give a 
 death-b. to the constitution, plagani mur- 
 tiferam rei publicae im|)onere, Cic. 
 Phr.; to deal a heavier bloio on the 
 state, graviorem rei publicae infligere 
 securim, Cic. 2. ictus, us. the h. of 
 a new calamity, ic. novae calaniitatis, 
 Cic. : V. STROKE. 3. vuUius : v. 
 
 WOUND. 
 
 blow ('>'■)■ A. Intrans.- |, 
 to make a cun-ent of air : 1. flo, i 
 the wind blew favourably for us from 
 Epirus, belle nobis flavit ab Epiro veu- 
 tus, Cic. ; Caes. 2. perflo, i (1). 
 
 through or over) : the winds b. through 
 the clouds, venti nubila p., Lucr. : the 
 ivinds b. over the earth, venti terras p , 
 Virg. 3, reflo, i (b. back or against) ■ 
 the Etesian winds b. greatly against us 
 (i. e. are directly contrary), Etesiao 
 valde reflant, Cic. 4. splro, i (poet. • 
 V. TO breathe) • the east vind began to 
 b. more strongly, coepil sp. valentius 
 Eurus, Ov. ■ Plin 5. aspiro, i : to- 
 wards night the breezes b.. asp. aurae in 
 iioctem, Virg. 6. inspiro i (b. upon 
 or into) . the breezes b. upon the boughs 
 of the trees, in. ramis; arborum aurae. 
 Quint.: to b. into an orifice, foramen 
 ins., Plin. ||, To sound (of instru- 
 ments) : cano, cgcini, cantum, j : the 
 ti-umpets blew, cecinere tubae, Prop.: v. 
 TO SOUND. III. To pant: anhelo, 1: 
 V. TO PANT. IV. To blossom : q. v. : 
 
 floreo. B. Trans. ; \. To drive 
 by a current of air : 1, flo, i ■ dust 
 hloirn by the wind, pulvis vento flatus, 
 Aucl. B. Afr. 2. afflo, i (to b. 
 
 upon) to b. a warm vapour upon the 
 limbs, calidum merabris at. vaporem, 
 
 Plin. 
 
 3, efflo, I (6. out) : 
 
 whales b. out showers aloft, balaenae 
 nimbos in sublime ef., Plin. ; Ov. Phr.: 
 othtTs b. the bellows, alii foUibus auras 
 accipiunt redduntque, Virg. ■ to b. a 
 fire, ignem conflare, PI.; ignem sufflare, 
 Plin. : by b.ing a spark of fire they 
 made it burn up, scintillam ignis flando 
 accenderunt, Liv.: to b. out a light, 
 *lumen flatu exstinguere: to b up 
 fortifications, moenia pulvere nitrato 
 destruere (cf Virg. Aeu. 4, ii6) to b. 
 
 the nose, emungo, munxi, mnnctnra, j: 
 with pron. reflect or as reflect, v.: 
 Auct. Her.- Juv. N.B.— In many cases 
 this verb when employed in connexion 
 with such words as "wind," "storm," 
 etc., may be translated by the Latin 
 verbs for " to drive," " throw," etc. : the 
 wind has blown off the roof of the farm- 
 house, detexii ventus villam. Pi. the 
 wind has blown all the tiles from the 
 roof, ventus omnes de tecto delurbavit 
 tegulas, PI. : the wind had bloiim me 
 back to Italy, ventus me retulerat in 
 Italiam, Cic: to be blown back by ad- 
 verse winds, ventis reflantibus rejici, 
 Cic. : the ships wei-e blown back by a 
 storm, naves tempt-stale rejeetae sunt, 
 Caes. II. To sound a wind instru- 
 ment : 1. inflo, 1 (to b. into): to b. 
 into the light reeds, calamos leves in- 
 flare. Virg.: Cic. 2. flo, i (poet.): 
 the flute is blown, tibia flatur, Ov. : v. 
 TO SOUND, PLAY UPON. |||, To shape 
 glass: Phr.: glass is blown, flatu 
 figuratur vilrum, Plin. 
 
 blower: flator; Fest. 
 
 blowing (subs.) : flatus, US : the b. 
 of a flute, f. tibiae, Hor. (or expr. by 
 verb: v. TO BLOW). Phr.: 06. 0/ tlie 
 nose, emunctio. Quint. 
 
 blow-pipe : 1. physeter. gris, m. : 
 Pelag. 2 *tiibus lerrumentorius 
 M.L. 
 
 blubber (s"'-«.): *adeps balaenarum 
 aliuruujque animaliura niarinorum. 
 
 blubber ("•) ■ v. to weep. 
 
 bludgeon: fustis, is, m. : Cic: Hor. ; 
 
 V. CLUB. 
 
 blue (adj.): 1. caeriilgus, and 
 (poet.) caeriilus (dark or sky-b.) : a b. 
 colour, c. color, Caes. : the b. sea, c 
 puntus. Cat. . the dark b. Tiber, c. Ti- 
 bris, Virg. . a b. dress, c. vestis, Juv. 
 b. eyes (of the Germans), c. oculi, Tai 
 
 2, subcacrilleus (jiale 6.): Cels 
 
 3. cyaneus (dark blue) : Plin. : v 
 
 VIOLET, purple. 
 
 blue (subs.) . 1. caeriilgus color : 
 Caes. 2. caeriileum (concrete : the 
 artist's material) . Plin. : v. indigo. 
 
 blue-bird: *niotacilla slalis. Linn. 
 
 blue-bottle (flower) : cyaims : Plin. 
 
 blue-eyed: caeruleus (comp. BLUE) 
 b. Britons, c. Britanni, Mart. : Hor. 
 (More prosaically, caeruleos oculos ha- 
 bens; or with abl. of description, caera- 
 leis oculis.) 
 
 bluif (a<ij ) : V. ROUGH, UNCOUTH ; 
 
 STFFP. 
 
 bluish: 1. livldus- b. bunches 
 of gropes, 1. racenii, Hor. : Virg. 2. 
 livens, entis (prop, black and blues 
 q. V ) : 6. lead, 1. Dlumbum, Virg.; 
 Ov. 
 
 bluish-grey : 1. caesius : b.-grey 
 eys. c. oculi, Cic. 2. gl;iucus: b.-grey 
 waves, g. undae, Lucr.; b.-grey eyes, g. 
 oculi, I'lm. • V. GREY. 
 
 blunder (v.). \,To mistake grossly : 
 1 oiTendo, di, sum, j - in conduct- 
 ing causes very many things are to be 
 considered lest you b. in any respect, 
 permulta sunt in causis circumspicienda 
 ne quid offendas. Cic. 2. labor, lap- 
 sus. }: to b. over a word, in verbo I., 
 Ov.. to b and fail over a thing, in ali- 
 qua re 1. et ciidere, Cic; v. to erk 
 
 3. peCCO, 1 v. BLUNDER (SUbs.), 
 
 fin. 4. erro. i : v. to err, mistake. 
 II, To blunder on, i. e. to hit upon 
 accidentally : Phr.: in speaking we 
 often b. upon verses, versus in oratione 
 saepe per imprudentiam dicimus, Cic- 
 the old man has b.'d upon a correct de- 
 scription of their doings, probe horum 
 facta iniprudens depinxit senex, Ter. 
 he b.s now and then upon the truth, * in 
 veritatem nonnnnquam teniere incunil 
 (based on Cic). 
 
 blunder (subs.) : 1, mendum 
 
 (chiefly in writing) : what b. did that 
 o-asure coi-rectf quod m. ista litura 
 correxit ? Cic. : the b.s of copyists, 
 menda librariorum. Cic. : the Ides of 
 March involve a great b., Idus Martiae 
 magnum m. continent, Cic. PbT : a 
 history fuller of b.s, historia mendo- 
 sior, Cic. 2. menda (less frequent) .
 
 BJ-UN UKRBUSS 
 
 BOAST 
 
 BODY 
 
 Suet. . Gell. : v. blemish. 3. p«'c<;a- 
 tuni : if any b. of an orator is observed. 
 it seems to be a h. arisingjrom stupidity, 
 oratoris p. si quod est animadversuni, 
 Etultitiae p. videtur, Cic. ; v. errok. 
 
 4. sfiloecismu-^ (a b. in language) -. 
 A net. ad Her Phr. : to make. b.s: 
 
 1. p<<'co, I ; Xenophan in fewer 
 words commits nearly the same b.s, 
 Xenophon paucioribus verliis eailrin 
 fere peccat, Cic. . they commit a double 
 b., dupliciler peccant, (juiiit. 2. 'i- 
 Ixjr. offendo, etc. v to blunder; v. 
 
 FAULT. MI.^TAKE. 
 
 blunderbuss : * sclopetum latius et 
 hrevius v. liis. 
 
 blunderer: 1. homo inepius: 
 Cic : Hur 2. Qui peccat. errat, etc. 
 
 blundering (a<0-): mcndOsus: a 
 b. slave, scrvus m., Cic. 
 
 blunderingly : inepiG ; to talk b., 
 
 in dicere. Cic. 
 
 blunt (adj.) ■ I. L i t : not sharp : 
 1, heljes, etis : PI. : b. swords, h. 
 gladii, Ov. Phr.: is the sivord b. 
 rwwi' ferrum nunc hebet.' Llv. : to be- 
 come b., hC'besco. hgbJtesco, j : to be b., 
 hebeo, 2 . the edge in razors becomes b., 
 acles in cultris tonsorum hebetescunt, 
 Plin. 2. oblusus • a b. plouglisltare, 
 ob. vomer, Virg. : a b. dagger, ob. pu- 
 gio, Tac. 3. rCtiisus: a b. sword, 
 ferrum r., Hor. a b. axe, r. securis, 
 PI.: b. weapons, r. tela, Ov. ■ v. dull. 
 II, Abrupt, unceremonious ; no 
 •ingle word. Phr.: a b. remark, *(ali- 
 quid) liberius et quasi rustlcius s., hor- 
 ridius dictum : there was a b. honesty 
 about the man, •libera quadam et paene 
 agresti siniplicitale erat. we should 6e 
 frank not blunt, 'decet liberum non 
 inurbanum esse . v. frakk, uncere- 
 monious, RUDE. 
 
 blunt («.): 1. hgbeto, I. to b. 
 the spears, liastas h., Li v. Fig.: sad- 
 ness and care are b.'d by vnne, vino 
 tristitia et cura hebetatur, Plin. 2. 
 ritunUo, ti'idi liisum, j to b. a snord, 
 farrum r., Cic. ; the lime-tree b.s an axe 
 ueTT/ so(wi, citissime r. ascias tilia, Plin. 
 Fig. to 6. the edge of the mind, mu- 
 orouem ingenii r., yuint. 3. obtundo. 
 i' Lucr. Fig., to b. the mmd, men- 
 tem ob.. Cic. : to b. grief, aegritudinem 
 ob , Cic. 4. praestringo, strinxi, 
 
 strlctum, J : the edge of the sn ord is b.'d, 
 acies lerri praestringitur, Plin. Fig. 
 to b. the edge of the mind, aclem aninil 
 p., Cic. 
 
 bluntly : Phr.: to speak bluntly, 
 liberius loqui, Cic. (v. frankly) plane 
 et aperte loqui, Cic. : plane et Latine 
 
 loqui, Cic: v. PLAINLY, OPENLY. 
 
 bluntness: I'hr. . |. Lit. : Le- 
 
 beliido (rare) Macr. Phr.- the b. of 
 the swords uas a great hindrance to the 
 soldiers, *magno inilitibus impodimento 
 erat quod gladii retusi erant. ||, 
 Fig.- uw.eremontous frankness : Phr.. 
 what m some is b (of speech) in others 
 IS called licence, quae in aliis liberlas 
 est, in aliis Ucentia vocatur, yulnt. : v. 
 
 FRANKNE.^S. 
 
 blur (subs.): V. SMEAR, BLOT, 
 blur ('•■): TO SMEAR, BLOT. 
 
 blush ("•)■ 1. erubesco, btli, j (-to 
 turn red, redden) : the modest b. even to 
 speak of modesty, enibescunl pudici 
 etiam loqui dc pudicilia, Cic. : to b. for 
 a inan, viru cr., Ov. : to b for one's 
 brothers, fratres er., I'rop. 2, rUbCo, 
 2 (to be red) : believe me I b., rubeo, 
 mihl crede, Cic. : Hor. : a b.ing face, os 
 rabens, Tib. 3. suffundo, fiidi, fu- 
 sum, i : with some case of tiie subs. 
 rubor : as. suffundere ore ruborcni. 
 Virg. suffundi ora rubore, 0\'. : .«/ 
 deeply did he b., adeo illi e.\ alto huffu- 
 sus est rubor. Sen. .Similarly, even the 
 most excellent men ivill suddenly (>., 
 rubor gravissimls quuque viris subitus 
 offuiidilur,.Sen. (Absol. to make a per- 
 son b., suffundere aliquem, Hier.) 
 Phr.: nor did they b.. nee fuit iis 
 rubori, Ov.: Tac. (the latter has also 
 the tiom. " iiec rubor inter comites ad- 
 spici," Ger. ij): to make any one b., 
 raborem alicui incutere, Liv. . inferre. 
 
 Imponere, Mart. • rubores alicui elicwe, 
 Auct. Her 
 
 blush (subs): riibor: a h. fiiiloifg 
 shame, pudorem r. coiisequitur, Cic. : a 
 tnodett b., verecundus r., Ov. this ap- 
 pellation may put you to the b., nonien 
 hoc \obis ruboreni incutere potest. Liv. 
 Phr.! an itiquiry diflicult at the first 
 b., dura prima fronte qiiaestio, yuint. 
 v. T(» BLUSH. 
 
 blushing (o^lj-)' rubens. v. red, 
 
 RUDDT. 
 
 blushingly : Phr. ; he said b., quum 
 
 erubiiissct, iiiquil, Cic. 
 
 bluster (»'■) : I, To make a great 
 noise, lo snagger : 1. declamo, l : to 
 b. agaiyist anyone, in aliquem d., Cic. 
 2. decliimito, i : to b. about any- 
 thing, de allqua re d., Cic v. to rack, 
 FiMF. II. To roar, be boi-Herous : q. V . 
 
 bluster (subs.) : J strc-pitus, iis : 
 V. NOISE, DIN. 2. JaCi_.io- v. BOAST- 
 
 ING. 3. declamatio Cic. Phr.: 
 though you should bawl and make a 
 great b., I loo am a man, clanies licet i-t 
 mare coclo confundas. homo sum, Juv. 
 
 V NOISE, TUUBUUCNCE 
 
 blusterer : salfico, onis : Cic. : v. 
 
 BOASTER. SWAGGERER. 
 
 boa (<> serpent) . b6a • Plin. 
 I boar : 1. verres, is : Varr. • Hor. 
 Adj. verrinus : b.'s fat, adeps v., Plin. 
 
 2, sus, siiis (with some qualifying 
 word, as mas, masculus) v. swine. 
 
 3. setlger, gri (poet . lit. bristle- 
 beanng) : Ov. . iHart. 4. aper, apri 
 (a wild b.) ; Cic. Ov. Adj. aprugnus : 
 
 I as, the loin of a wild b., aprugnus lum- 
 
 t bus, I'lin. : V. PIG, HOG. 
 
 I board (subs.) : j. a plank : 1. 
 
 I tabula : to put up a b. (stating that a 
 
 ! house is to let), tabulam ponere, Cic. 
 
 i Juv. 2. tabella (a small b.) Ov. 
 3. axis, is, TO. Caes. : oaA: 6.S, quenii 
 
 [axes, Plin.: v. plank. ||. A table 
 
 ' q. V. mensa. |||. Food, diet ; q. v. 
 victus. Qs - necessary b. and clothing, v. 
 vestitusque necessarius, Cic. tofm-nuh 
 anyone icith liis daily b., alicui v. quo- 
 tidianum praebere, Cic. : to pay a high 
 
 I price for b. and lodging, * v. maiision- 
 
 ' emque niagno pretio eniere. |V, -^ 
 table on which games are played : 1. 
 
 , abacus (divided into squares like a 
 draft-b.) : Suet. 2. tabQla lusorTa ; 
 Mart. 3. tabella: Ov. 4. alvfius 
 or alveus lusorius: Plin.: Val. Max. 
 5. alveolus : Cic. V. ^ fxxiy of 
 men, council, etc. : 1, consilium . 
 
 a military b., c. militare, Liv. : Cic. 
 2. collc'gium (a permanent b. of 
 oflBcials): to elect anymie memlier of a 
 b., aliquem in c. cooptare, Cic. : Caes. 
 Phr : to go on b. a ship: v. to em- 
 bark . to leap over-b., ex navi se pro- 
 jicere, ex navi desilire, Caes.: to be a 
 ])assenger on b. a ship, in navi vehi, 
 Cic: to throw goods over-b., in mari 
 Jacturam (mercium) facere, Cic. . to act 
 above b., sincere ugere, Cic. 
 
 board ("■): A. Trans.- |. 
 To cover with boards: contabCilo, i : to 
 6 turrets, turres c, Caes. : to b. with oak 
 |;ta?!A-,'>, queruis axibus c. I'lin. Phr.: 
 a b.'d passage, transitus tabulatus, Plin 
 
 II. Tu enter (a ship) hostilely : in 
 naves hostiutn (vi) transcendere, Caes. 
 
 III. Tofui-nish with food: * victum 
 alicui pacto pretio praebere. B. 
 Inlraiis. to live at another person's 
 table: victilo, i : v. to live. Phr. 
 to b. and Imlge in a friend's house 
 (without payment), »amici hospitio 
 uti. 
 
 boarder : <^>^P'- b.v \erb : v. to 
 
 BOAltl). 
 
 boarding-school : l' h r. : to keep a 
 fc., "pueros ill suaui domum educandos 
 atque alendos recipere ; puerorum edu- 
 candorum atque aleiidonim curam sus- 
 cipere : to send a son to a /> . filium alicui 
 alendum atque instltuendum tradere. 
 
 boast (v.) 1. glOrior, i (with 
 
 abl, either with or without a prep.; 
 also with ace. and inf.) : to b. of one's 
 riches, de suis divitiis g., Cic. (also, in 
 aliqua re g., Cic.) : to b. of one's victory, 
 sua victoria g., Caes. : he bjs that he ivill 
 
 be a second Sulla, se alterum fore Sal- 
 lam gloriatur, Caes.: with ace. of neut. 
 pron.- to b. of the tame thing (or to 
 make the same b.). Idem g., Cic. v. TO 
 GLORY. 2. Jacto, I (usu. with proik 
 lejtect.: of noisy vain-ylorioui boast- 
 ing): to b. more insujj'erahly, intoler- 
 ant ius sej., Cic: he lias Irmg b.'dabout 
 Calidius, Jaclat se jamdudum de Cali- 
 dlo, Cic. : to b. of one's lineage, geous 
 Jaclare, Hor. 3. ostento, i to b. qf 
 one's prudence, prudentiam os., Cic. : v. 
 TO DISPLAY. 4. praedico, i (less strong 
 I thin the foregoing): the OauU b. thai 
 they are all descended from I'luto, Galli 
 se omnes ab llitc prognatos p., Caes. : 
 to b. of one's services, de suis meritis p., 
 (Jaes. : Cic. Phr.: he b.s of my friend- 
 ship wherever )ie goes, ille aiinciiiaiu 
 meam latissima praedlcatinne clrcum- 
 fert, Plin ep. : similarly, gloria, praedi- 
 catione eiferre, Cic. v.'TO kxtol. 
 
 boast (subs.): v. BOASTING. Phf. 
 
 to make a b. of anything : v. lo boast: 
 a mere empty b., *niera (inanis) verbo- 
 I rum Jactatio • v. boasting. 
 I boaster: 1. J-ictalor. yuinU: 
 
 Suet. 2. ostenlator Liv. 3. glj. 
 rio.'us homo: Cic. 
 ! boastful ) 1. gloriosus: b. philo- 
 boasting 5 sophy, g. philosophla, 
 Cic . b. IrJlers. episiolae g., Plin. 2. 
 I Jactans, :intis: Hor.- Plin. 
 
 boasting (subs.) : 1. gloria : full 
 
 of b.s, gloiiarum plenus, PI., v. glory. 
 
 2. gloriatio Cic. 3. Jactantia: 
 
 Tac: Quint. 4. Jactatio- Cic. 
 
 boastingly: 1, gioriOse: Pi. 2. 
 
 jacUiiiter : 1 ac. 
 
 boat : 1. linter, tris, /. (a kind ot 
 Mrge or canoe) Caes. : Cic. - Ov. 2. 
 liniriculus (a small b.) Cic. 3I 
 cymba (esp. in poet.): Hor.: Ov.: Cic 
 4. scapha (a light b.) - they jumped 
 overboard into the b., de navi desilue- 
 runt ill s., PI.- the menof-wars' bt 
 sciiphae longarum Davium, Caes.: a 
 fishing-boat, s. piscatoria. Just. 5. 
 navlciila : Cic. 
 
 boat-hook: *contushamatus. 
 
 boating: limrium remigatio. 
 
 boatman: 1. nauta (the most 
 gen. tern)) Hor. S. i, 5, u. 2. 'in- 
 trariuti L'lp. 
 
 boatswain : (?) scaphae magister. 
 
 bobbin : v. reel. 
 
 bode : ^ - to i-ortend, presage. 
 
 bodice : mamlllare, is. n. : Mart. 
 
 bodiless : Incorporalls : v. iiicOEro- 
 
 REAL, I .N.-.UBSTANT1AL. 
 
 bodily (adj.) : i.e. pertaining tu 
 body ; having the nature of Ixhty : 1. 
 corp5reus: b. nature, c nalura, Lucr.: 
 Cic: b. plagues, c pestes, Virg. 2. 
 expr. by gen. of corpus : inclosed in b. 
 structures, inclusi in compagibus cor- 
 poris, Cic: b. iveak-ness, c. imbecillilaE, 
 Cic 3. corporalis, e (mostly in late 
 writers) . 6. defects, c. vltia. Sen 
 
 bodily (adv.): corpOraliter : Vnlg. 
 Col. 2, 9: Ariiob 
 
 bodkin : iicus obtusa • v. needle. 
 
 body: I, The frame of an an imal: 
 coi-juis, 01 is, n. : ab. subject to death, axor - 
 tale c, Cic ; the b. should be exercited, 
 c exercendum est, Cic. : the arms were 
 stripjied from the (dead) b.s of the 
 enemy, arma detracta sunt i-nrporlbus 
 hostium, Liv.. v. corpse. ||. Matter, 
 any substance: corpus: b ciinnot be 
 conceived of apart from space, c Intel- 
 ligi sine loco non jiotest, Cic: rough, 
 smooth b.s, c. aspera, levla, Cic. : indi- 
 visible b.s, c. individua, Cic (v. atom)- 
 there are four kinds of b.s, quatiuor 
 sunt genera corporum, Cic. |||, A 
 person : v. nobody, somebody, etc 
 IV. -^"3/ collective mass, esp. of 
 persons 1. corpus : the whole b, of 
 the stale, totum c. reipublicae, Cic. : a 
 political b., c. civitatis, Liv.- a head 
 was wanting to the pouerful b., c. va- 
 lido caput deerat, Liv. ; the h. of the 
 entire lioman law, c. omnis Romaiil 
 Juris, Liv. 2. globus (prop, a cir- 
 cular mass): the b of »n<:n round >■«- 
 bins blamed the dictator, circa Fabium 
 g. increpabat dictatorem, Liv.: bj 0/ 
 
 6f
 
 BODY-GIJAKU 
 
 BOLT 
 
 BONDED 
 
 toldiers scattered the mob, nilitum 
 globi turbam disjecere, Tac. 3. ma- 
 nus, us,/, (a band of men : usu. as col- 
 lected for active service): the new b. 
 had joined the old forces, nova ni. cum 
 veteiibus copiis se coiijunxerat, Caes. : 
 Liv. : V. BAND. 4. immerus: a large 
 b. of cavalry, magnus n. equitatus, 
 Caes. : v. kumber. 5. niulUtudo (a 
 numerous b.) : a numerous b. of ca- 
 valry, m. equitum. Cues. : Cic. 6. 
 collegium (only of persons holding the 
 same offices) : the b. of praetors, prae- 
 torum c, Cic. : the b. of tribunes, tri- 
 bunorum c, Caes. V. ^i' analogy 
 with animals, tMe middle or bullnest 
 part : the b. of a carriage, capsus rhe- 
 dae, Vitr. : of a ship : v. hull. 
 
 body-guard: 1. stlpatores cor- 
 poris : Cic. (or simply »tipatores : Cic). 
 
 2. satellites, urn : the Icing's b., 
 regit s., Liv. : Caesai^s b., s. Caesaris, 
 Tac 3. corporis custodes : Ulp. 4. 
 c6hors praetoria (of a general) : Caes. : 
 Cic. 5. exercltus praelorianus (of 
 the emperors) : Suet. ■ also praetorian! 
 niilites, Plin. : v. praetorian. 
 
 bog: palUS : V. FEN, MARSH, 
 boggle : ^'- TO HESITATE, SHUFFLE. 
 
 boggy: paluster: v. fenny, marshy. 
 
 boU (t'-): A. In trans.: |. 
 Lit.: whether of the li(iuid, or of the 
 vessel containing it: 1. ferveo, bui, 
 2, and sometimes j (fervCre : Lucr.) : 
 b.ing water, iiqua fervens, Cic. 2. 
 fervesco, } (to liegin to 6.) : the pots are 
 beginning to b., seriae f., PI. 3. ef- 
 fervesce, fervi, J ; uafers b. vhen fires 
 are put under them, aquae ef. subditis 
 ignibus, Cic. ||. To be cooked in 
 
 liquid : infervesco, bui, j : when this has 
 b.'d, hocubiinferbuit, Hor. : Plin. Phr. : 
 to b. quickly (i. e. to become soon soft 
 in b.ing), in coctura celeriter madescere. 
 Col.: comp. inf. B. (9). |||. To be 
 agitated by heat, or in a similar ii-ay : 
 1. fervgo, 1 : the sea b.s with the 
 tide, f. aestu pelagns, Cic. : Virg. 2. 
 aestiio, i : the nhirlpool b.s, a. gurfjes, 
 Virg.: the wave is b.ing, a. uiida. Hor. 
 
 3, effervo (-esco), } (to b. O'-er) : ve 
 have seen billony Aetna b. over ivtn the 
 fields, ef. in agros vidimus uiidantem 
 Aetnam, Virg. 4. e.xaestilo, i (to 6. 
 vp) Kina b.s up from its lowest dfpth. 
 Aetna fundo ex. irao, Virg. |V. To 
 be hot or fervid (fig.) : 1. fervgo, 2 : 
 his soul was b.ing icith snelling ivrath, 
 animus tumida fervebat ab ira, Ov. . 
 Hor. 2. fervesco, ? . the mind l>egins 
 to b. ^vith anger, animus ira f., Lucr. 
 
 3, effervesce, 5 : Cic. 4. aestuo, 
 T: his mind b.s up with anger, mens 
 ex. ira, Virg. : v. also to be on fire. 
 
 B. Trans.: 1, fervefacio, feci, 
 factum, J : tob. brine, muriam f., Cels. ; 
 Plin. 2. infervefacio, i tob. vinegar, 
 acetum In., Ck)l. 3, coquo, coxi, coc- 
 tum, i (gen. term for every kind of 
 cooking) : to b. food, cibum [aqua fer- 
 venti] coquere, Lucr.: Liv.: Ov. 4. 
 conc5quo, } (6. together) : Lucr. : Plin. 
 5, decoquo, j (6. donm or thoroughly): 
 to b. anything dtn'ii to half the quan- 
 tity, aliquid in dimidiam partem d., 
 Hor.: Plin. 6. e.xcoquo, } (6. out or 
 ai'ay) : b. it fill you b. airay the half, 
 usqiie coquito dum dimidiam excoquas, 
 Cato. 7. incoquo, i (b. in or nith): 
 to b. roots in -nine, radices Baccho in., 
 Virg. : to b. blood with herbs, cruorem 
 herbis in., Hor.: to b. doivn juice with 
 honey, succum cum melle in., Cels. 8, 
 percoquo, j (b. thoroughly) : to b. beef 
 thoroughly, bubulas carnes p., Plin. 
 9. In pass., to be b.'d : madeo, ui, 
 J (strictly to be soaked ; hence, to be- 
 come tender v-ith boiling) : these things 
 shall be b.'d directly ; I will see to it, 
 haec madebunt, faxo, PL 
 
 boil (subs.) : 1. fiininctilns: Cels.: 
 Plin. 2. vOmlca: Cic: Cels.: Juv. 
 
 boiled \<^j-)' elixus: the mrat is 
 better b.'d than roasted, caro el'\:i esse 
 quam assa solet suavior (of. PI. Most. 5, 
 1, 06) : Hor. : Plin. 
 
 boiler: I. -^ person who boils: 
 
 1 cdctor: 'Petr. 2. e^^P'"- ^Y 
 86 
 
 verb: v. to boil. ||. A large vessel 
 for boiling in : 1. ahenum : v. cal- 
 ni»N. 2, caldarium (prop, a vessel 
 for hot water at baths) : Vitr. 3. 
 cortina (a circular three-footed vessel) : 
 PI.: Plin. : V. trihoi>. 
 
 boiling (subs.) 1, cuctura ; Col. : 
 
 PI. 2. expr. by verb : v. to boil 
 (trans.). 
 
 boisterous: I. ^^'indy, stoi-my: 
 
 1. procellosus ( abounding in 
 squalls) : a b. spring, ver p., Liv. ; a b. 
 iiind, ventus p., Ov. 2, turbidus 
 ( unquiet, troubled) : thei-e was b. wea- 
 ther yisterday, t. tempestas heri fuit, 
 PI. : Caes. : the b. south-ivest wind, t. 
 Auster, Hor. : 6. 7am, t. imber, Virg. 
 
 3. turbaientus (stronger than tur- 
 bidus) : PI. : b. weather, t. tempestas, 
 Cic. 4. inquietus : the b. Adriatic, 
 inq. Hadrla, Hor. ||, Noisy, turbu- 
 lent : turbidus . 6. manners, t. mores, 
 PI. : a b. and bawling disputant, t. et 
 clamosus altercator, Quint. : v. tukbd- 
 
 LENT. 
 
 boisterously: 1. turblde: Cic: 
 Tac. 2. turbilente : Cic. : v. tcr- 
 bulently. 
 
 bold ; I. Possessing courage : 1. 
 animosus: v. spirited. 2. audax, 
 acis (usu. of reckless, evil daring, whe- 
 ther of persons or of actions) ; wluit 
 second man is b.er than If qui me alter 
 est aiidacior homo? PI.: b.er for crime, 
 ad facinus audacior, Cic. . b. to endure 
 all things, a. omnia perpeti, Hor. : a b. 
 deed, a. facinus, Ter. 3. audens, 
 entis (rare, and only of persons) : Virg.: 
 Tac. 4. fSro.x, ocis (i. e. high-spirited, 
 martial, q. v. : only of persons) : 6. in 
 war, f. bello, Hor. ; b. in warfare, t. ad 
 bellandum, Liv. ||, Of expression : 
 novel, strilcing : audax . 6. dithyrambs, 
 a. dithyramb!, Hor.: b. hyperbole, a. 
 hyperbole, Quint. |||, Prominent, 
 
 projecting : q. v : prominens. 
 
 bold-faced : Phr.: a b.-faced boy, 
 duri puer oris, Ov. (urbanae Irontis, 
 Hor. fep. I, 9, II): V. impudekt. 
 
 boldly: 1, audacter: Caes.: Cic. 
 
 2. fSrociier {with spirit : comp. 
 BOLD, 4) : things b. done in war, f. 
 facta in bello, Liv. : Sail. 3. anl- 
 niose : V. COURAGEOUSLY ; V. also, reck- 
 lessly, bravely. 
 
 boldness: I. courage: 1. au- 
 dacia ; usu. in bad sense : v. audacity, 
 daring. 2. audentia(a neutral word 
 ace. to Nonus, 5, 84, but rare) : nor mas 
 l>rusus wanting in b., nee defuit a. 
 I )ruso, Tac. 3. f identia : v. confi- 
 dence. II, Freedom (of speech) : 1, 
 libertas: v. freedom, franknf^s. 2. 
 audentia: Plin. ep. (used with ref. to 
 the use of novel or extraordinary lan- 
 guage). Phr.: ivith ft., liltere, aperte : 
 v. openly, frankly. Ill, Assurance, 
 impudence: q. v.: impudentia. |V. 
 Prominence, projection : q. v. 
 
 bole: V. TRUNK, *TEM. 
 
 bole C/'"* earth) : bolas or terra bo- 
 laris : M. L. 
 
 boll: i. e. a round seed-vessel : folU- 
 ciilMS: V. pod, follicle. 
 
 boiled : i- e- swollen : q. v. 
 
 bolster (s«6s.): l. cervical, alis, 
 n.: V. pillow. 2. pulvinus: v. 
 cushion. 
 
 bolster up ("•) •" v. to prop up. 
 
 bolt (s"''S-) : I. ^ missile: q. v. : 
 telum, fulmen. ||, ^1 bar of iron, etc., 
 esp. for securing doors: i pessiilus: 
 J fasten the door with the b., pessulum 
 ostio obdo, Ter. 2, Obex, Icis, m. 
 and/.: Virg.- Tac: v. barrier. 3, 
 sera : Varr. : Ov. : Juv. 4, rgpagiila, 
 orum: PI. Cic. (Note. — All the above 
 denote some kind of bar or bolt ; the 
 pessulus being, however, smaller than 
 the others, and usually of iron. Obex 
 and repagula are used also of other 
 kinds of barriers; pessulus and sera 
 only of door-fastenings.) |||, In 
 
 sh ip-building, etc. : clavus : iron bs, 
 clavi ferrei, Caes. : v. nail, stud. 
 
 bolt ("■) ■ I. ^ fasten by a bolt, 
 etc. 1. obsSro, 1 : to b. a door, osti- 
 um ob., Ter. ; fores, Suet. 2, occludo, 
 
 si, sum, } ■ double b. the doort if you 
 please, occlude, sis, fores ambt'bns pes- 
 sulis. PI.: V. to bar, lock. ||, T0 
 sift flour : v. to sift. |||. To gulp 
 down : q. v. : obsorbeo : H:>r. 
 
 bolter, bolting-sieve : poUinarTnm 
 
 crltinim: PI.: Plin. 
 
 bolus : bolus. M. L. 
 
 bomb: *pyr6b<ilus: Kr. (after Kei- 
 chard). and Georg. Or by circnml., 
 * globus ferreus pulvere niirato ferroqne 
 confertus. 
 
 bombard : verbero, i : v. to batter. 
 
 bombardier: *pyr6boiarius (or, as 
 gen. term, tormentaiius) : v. abtil- 
 
 lERVMAN. 
 
 bombardment: Phr.: during the 
 b.. *dum urbs tormentis (niiratis) ver- 
 beratur : the b. of the city lasted three 
 days, * per tres (continuos) dies non de- 
 sierunt hostes omni telorum (nitrato- 
 runi) genere urhem oppugnare. 
 
 bombasin : 1. bombyclnum : Isid. : 
 V. SILK. 2. Coa vestis: a kind of 
 exceedingly thin, transparent fabric : 
 V. Diet. Ant. s. ti. 
 
 bombarSt : 1. ampullae, arum 
 
 (prop, denoting bottles with round suol' 
 ten bellies : Ajjicvfloi, Cii .) • he flings 
 aside b., projicit ampuUas et sesqui- 
 pedalia verba, Hor. Hence, to talk b., 
 ampullor, i ; Hor. 2. llimor (verbo- 
 nim) : Quint. : Gell. : v. inflation. 
 Phr. : to vi-ile b., rumpere bucca.s, I'ers. 
 (N.B. — Magniloquentia and magnifi- 
 centia (verborum) are oftener found in 
 good sense: v. grandeur, magnilo- 
 quence.) 
 
 bombastic: 1. inflatus: b. lan- 
 guage, onitio quae turget et inf. est, 
 Auct. Her. : Quint, : v. inflated. 2. 
 tiimidus: what in one passage is grand, 
 in another is b., quod alibi magnificum, 
 t. alibi. Quint. : a more b. discourse, m- 
 midior sermo, Liv. Phr.: to be b., 
 tiimeo, l: Tac: Mart. (v. also pre- 
 ceding art.). 
 
 bond: I. That which binds : \, 
 vincQltmi (both for repressing and for 
 uniting) : Ixxlies tightly bound with b.s, 
 corpora constricta vinculis, Cic. : Virg. 
 Fig.: to fly forth from the b.s of the body 
 as from a prisim, ex corporum vinculis 
 tanquam e carcere evolare, Cic. : the mar- 
 riage b., v. jugale, Virg. • b.s of relation- 
 ship, v. propinquitalis, Cic. 2. no- 
 dus : the b£ of superstition, nodi reli- 
 gionum, Lucr. : the b of frienitship, n. 
 amicitiae, Cic: v. knot, entangle- 
 ment. 3. catena : the b. of the laws, 
 c. legum, Cic. : v. band. 4. copula 
 (of that which unites) : the unbroken b. 
 (of mutual love), irrupta c, Hor. : the 
 nuptial b., nuptialis c, Apul. : v. tie, 
 leash. II, In pJ., i. q. imprisonment 
 (q. v.): vinciila, orum: to be hurried 
 away to b.s and dark-ness, in vincia 
 atque in tenebras abripi, Cic. : Liv. 
 III. -■• l^al document ivhich binds : 
 1. syngrSpha: to lend money on a 
 b., pecuniam alicui per s. credere, Cic. : 
 to deliver judgment on a b.. jus ex s. 
 dicere, Cic. 2. chirOgraphum . Suet. : 
 Gains. 3. nomen : / wish to pay in 
 full, so that the b. may 6e cancelled and 
 I may mve nothing, vo\o persol-'ere ut 
 expungatur n. ne quid debeam, PI.: v. 
 debt. 
 
 bond (adj.) : perh. only in phr. bond 
 or free, where boyid:=slave, q. v. 
 
 bondage: 1. servitus. utis, /. 
 
 (loss of freedom : whetht-r of an indivi- 
 dual or of a community) : Tliemisiocles 
 freed (ireece from b., Themistocles ser- 
 vitute Graeciam liberavit, Cic: Caes.: 
 v. SLAVERY. 2. servitium (=servi- 
 tus) : he xras led by his creditor into b., 
 ductus est ab creditore in s., Liv. : Ter. 
 3. famulatus, tis, m. : to be in a 
 state of b,, in f. esse, Cic. Fig.: the b. 
 of virtue to pleasure, virtntis f. servien- 
 tis voluptati, Cic. 4. captivitas- v. 
 captivity. 
 
 bonded : Phr.: 6. goods. *merce8 
 importatae pro quibus portoria nondum 
 solula sunt: or perh., servae mercee 
 (Just as servae aedes denotes a house 
 liable to some charge : v. copyhold).
 
 BOND-MAID 
 
 ilO OT r 
 
 BO K B 
 
 bond-maid, bond-wonaa ftm- 
 iila: Virg.; Cic: v. haM)->]aii), si^VE. 
 
 bondman, bond-servant: 1. 
 
 iajiiiilus, sirvus : v. slave. 2. 
 
 (strictly, of one asngrvd over to anotlier 
 in botidage) : addictus : Cic. : (juint. : 
 
 V. SLAVE. 
 
 bone (.Siibn.) : 1. 5s, ossis, n. ; 
 
 he is nothing but skin and b., ossa atque 
 pellis totust ( = tutus esi). l'\. (cuiiip. 
 Virg. ' vix osiil)Us baeronf): Vte b.s 
 ji/xced benealli the. Jle^k hare utmUer/nl 
 joints, o. sut'jecta curpori niiruhiles 
 oomiiiisstiras haljent, Cic: an inj ant's 
 b.*, iiilantia o., Ov.: brnJc-n b.s, fracta 
 0., Cels. : b.s are sometimes disloca'ed, 
 moventur. o. iiitpnlum scdibus siiis, 
 Cels. : to set Iks, ossa rejioneie, collocarc, 
 Cels.: tcremin-e a b. (by a surRical ope- 
 ration'): o. k'gerr>, Seu. 2. ossiculum 
 (o snuill 6.) ; I'liii. 3. spina (a / sh 
 b.) : yu;nt. (Fur the parluular bones 
 of the human body, as baclcbone, spine- 
 bone, etc., see the several words.) 4. 
 F i (?. : of tbe bones or btidij of t'<e dead : 
 cineres (also in sinn.) ; v. Asms. 
 
 bone, of bone («''{?•)■• os-eus.- theb. 
 handUs oj /.nices, muuubria cullcllurum 
 0., Juv. : Plin. 
 
 bone (•-'•) ■■ '• «• to remove bones : ex- 
 osso, I : to b. a cvnger-cel, congrum ex., 
 Tcr.: R 
 
 boneless: exos, ossls: Lucr. 
 
 bone-setter : qui (quae) ossa re- 
 ponit, collocut: v. to SKT. 
 
 bone-setting : ars ossium reponen- 
 dorum s. cullocandorum. 
 
 bonfire : (?) ifines festi : Stat. Sil. 
 4, 8, J7 (Ivr.): (S.'s full expression is 
 ' festos cumulare altaribu-i igiies '). 
 
 bon-mot: dictum: Cic. Or. 2, 54, 
 222 : to indulge in b.s upon one's friends. 
 In suos d. dicere, Cic. : v. wittk i.-ji. 
 
 bonnet : "o exact word : the cover- 
 ing of a woman's head was by the 
 Romans called mitra or calvatica (not 
 calautica: v. Forcell. s. v. Gerni. ed.), 
 and for a man to wear such an article of 
 dress was infamous. But it was railier 
 a turban than at all lit(e a bonnet. 
 
 bonny : pulcber : v. handsome, 
 
 PBKTTT. 
 
 bony; ossSus: b. hands, o. manus, 
 Juv. 
 booby: stultus: v. blockhkad, fool. 
 
 book : I. -A literary v ark : 1. 
 ITber, bri, m. ; to read b.s, 1. legere, Cic: 
 to publish a b., I. edere, Cic. : to u-rite a 
 b., 1. scribere, Cic. : the b. has been pub- 
 lished, 1. exiit, Cic: a bound b., I. con- 
 glutinatus, Ulp. : he (the elder IMiny) 
 used to say that no b. was so bad us to 
 be utterly use'ess, dicere .-olebat nullum 
 esse I. tam malum ut non aliqua pane 
 prodesset, Plin. ep. ;, 5. 2. li'ieilus 
 (a smaU b.) : Cic: (Jv. 3. vulunien 
 (a roll) : to unroll^turn orer (hence, 
 to 7ead), to open a b., v. explicare or 
 evolvere, Cic. : Epicurus' dtrine li. re- 
 specting rule and judgment, coeleste 
 Epicuri V. de regnia et judicio, Cic 4. 
 c6dex, icis, m. {the lea res of uidch vere 
 arranged like (hnse of modei n b.s) : I'iso 
 has flUd many b.s,V\t,o nuilios c im- 
 plevitCic. : Ulp. 5. charta (sirictly 
 a leaf of papiirus) : to gron- pale with 
 study of b.s, impallescere chartis, I'er.s. : 
 tlie b.s of Cicero, chartae Arpinae, Mart. 
 P b r. : to get to the end of a b., ad 
 umbilicos pervenire, Mart, (the roller 
 being finished off with bosses): to ex- 
 plain cmithivg u-tlhoiit b., aliquid ex 
 memoria (niemoriier) exponere. Cic: 
 V. BY HKART. ||. A dicision or 
 
 portirm of a literary 1 oik : 1. liber: 
 three b.s respecting the nature of tlie 
 gods are fnished, tres 1. perfect! sunt 
 de natura Iteorum, Cic: / have lately 
 read your fourth (liook) de finibus, legi 
 tuum nuper quartuiji de Finibus. Cic. 
 2. vSlumen (inasipuch as each 
 often occupied a separate roll) : there 
 are too If teen b.s of the Mttamoiphoses, 
 sunt quuque mutatae ter quinque v. 
 formae, Ov. |||. In p/. hooks o/' l>usi- 
 ness: tabulae: v. accodkt-book, and 
 foil. art. 
 
 book (>-'■)•• Phr. : to b. a debt, no- 
 
 men in tabulas, in codicem, or in libel- 
 
 lum referre, (Sc. 
 book-binder: giflUnator: Cic 
 book-binding: v. bi.nding. 
 book-case: 1. amianum (alsoof 
 
 other cUints or presset) : the sixth b. 
 
 (of the Ulpian library), sextum a., Vo- 
 
 pisc. : V'ltr. 2. lOriili, plutei : v. 
 
 BOOKSHKl.F. 
 
 bookish: llbrls deditus; llbromm 
 sHidiiisior; librorum helUio [iit. a glut- 
 t-rn of books, Cic): v. fond of, de- 
 M)ri;i) Ti>. 
 
 book-keeper : actnarius : Aur. 
 
 Vicl. : V. A( < (jUNTANT. 
 
 book-keeping; ars rationaria: v. 
 
 ACroLNTS. 
 
 bo k-seller: 1. bibnCpOla: Plin. 
 ep. : .Mart. 2. librarius (e>p. of I'n^- 
 
 « ho transcribeii books as well as sold 
 tlieni): Sen.: Gell. Phr.: that's your 
 bniik to pay lite b.s, hie meret aera liber 
 Sosiis (with a Jocose allision to the 
 n.ime of a particular firm), Hor. A. P. 
 !45 : to keep a b.'s shop, librarian) exer- 
 cere (Kr.): to l>e a great !>., nobilem 
 librarian! factltare, Krasm. (ap. Kr.). 
 
 book-shelf: 1. pluteus : the b.s 
 round tlie vjalls, plutei circa parietes, 
 Ulp.: Pcrs. 2. (In pi.): fijruli, 
 
 orum (a book-case): he put the Sibyl- 
 line books in tiro sets of (f) gilded 
 shi'lres, libroB Sibyllinos coiididit duobus 
 f. anratis, Suct. Aug. Jl : v. i«kjk -cask. 
 
 book-WOnn: I. ^" ini^ect that 
 eats books: 1. tinga: Cato: Hor. 
 
 2. blatta: Hor.: Mart. ||. A 
 person extremely fond of books: v. 
 
 Bo<JKISH. 
 
 boom (subs.) : I. A long pole or 
 .^par : longurius: Varr.: Caes. ||. 
 A chain toprerent entrance into a liar- 
 bcntr, etc : catena: Vitr. 5. 12. i. 
 
 boom (»'■) •• sono : V. to echo. 
 
 boon ; bOnum : v. good, favock, 
 
 BLl.'WlNG. 
 
 boon-companion : 1. compran- 
 
 sor (tahle-companion) : Cic. 2, ci'ni- 
 poior (fern, compotrix, PL), conibibo, 
 01 lis (both of drinking companions) : 
 Cic. 3. sOdalis: PI.: Cic: v. com- 
 rade.— (N.B. All the above words ex- 
 cepting the last are terms of reproach.) 
 boor: (homo)agresti8, is(inp?. with- 
 out subs.): Cic: Virg.: v. peasant, 
 
 CLOWN. 
 
 boorish: 1. agrestis, e: an un- 
 Irartied and b. race of men, hominum 
 genus indoctum et a., Cic. 2. suba- 
 gre.-tis (somewhat b.): Cic: v. clown- 
 ish. RUMIC. 
 
 boorishly; ruslice: Cic: Hor. 
 
 boorishneSS: ruslicHas: Ov.: po- 
 liteness, the opposite of which is b., ur- 
 baniias, cui coiitraria est r.. Quint. 
 
 boot (''•)•■ prosum: v. to BENEFIT. 
 
 boot, to: '•■• BESIDES, IN addition. 
 
 boot («"''•'■•)•' 1. calcSus (tlie gen. 
 tenn tor any kind of covering Jor Vie 
 Jeit): Cic- Hon: v. shoe. 2. c6- 
 thnriMis (a high boot, worn by hunters, 
 tragedians, etc.): Cic: Virg.: Hor. 
 
 3. pero, onia, m. (made of raw 
 hide, and worn chiefly by ni.-tics) : 
 Virg. : Liv. 4. caliga (o heavy low 
 b. worn by soldiers) : Cic. : Suet. 
 
 booted; 1. calccatus (strictly, 
 
 wearing shoes : q. v.) : Cic 2. cali- 
 gatus (wearing the soldiers' heavy boot) : 
 Suet. 
 
 booth: tabema: v. tent. 
 
 bootjack; *instrumentum ad cal- 
 ceaiueriia detrahenda. 
 
 bootless; irritus: V. CKAVAIUNG, 
 
 FRllTl.Hs-. 
 
 bootlessly ; fmstrik : V. IN VAIN. 
 
 boot-tree : forma callgarls : Kdict. 
 DitK I. (or more generally, forma calcea- 
 menti). 
 
 booty: 1. praeda: to employ b. 
 aiui its proceeds on the decorations of 
 the city, praedas ac manubias in urbis 
 ornamenta conferre, Cic. : to grant the b. 
 to the soldiers, prae<iam miliiibus do- 
 nare, Caes.: v. plunder. 2. "'anu- 
 biae, arum (the money obtained tnj the 
 sale of b.) : Ilostilius ivith the proceeds 
 0/ the b. inclosed the comitium, Hostilius 
 
 sepsit de m. comitium. Cic: Liv.: v 
 SK)ILS. 3. praemiuro (poet.) : tocarry 
 stolen b in ones drrss, rapta p. veate 
 ferre, Tib.: Ov. Phr.: to carry off 
 b., praedarl : v. to pll'SDEr. 
 
 booze: poto: v. to guzzle. 
 
 boracic : *boracicum : M. L. 
 
 borax : *subl)oras s<xlae : M. L. 
 
 border (subs.): |. Ed^e: 1. 
 limbus (of dress) : a cloak uilh an em- 
 broider^ b., picto chlaniys 1., Virg. : Or. 
 2. margo, Inis, m. and/. : the b. of 
 a fountain, m. lontis, Ov. 3_ ora: 
 the b. of a shield, o. clipci, Virg.: v. 
 EDGE, RIM. II. A side bed in a gar. 
 den : (.>) area maceriae semitaeve adja- 
 cens: V. BED. Ill, Boundary: finis, 
 is, m., rarely/. : to have a farm on the 
 b.s, fineni sub utrumque [eorumj arare, 
 Hor. : there was neither river nor moun- 
 tain to mark their b.t, iieque flumen 
 iiique mons erat qui f. eorum dlscer- 
 iieret, Sail. : v. bolndabv. Phr.: the 
 b.s (i. e. the districts situated near the 
 boundaries), agri limitanei. Cud. Theod. 
 
 border (>'•) •■ A. in trans.: I. 
 To b. f/n: i.e. to adjoin, hare a common 
 boundary uith : 1. tango, teligi, 
 
 tactum, } : the farms b. on the Tiber, 
 fundi Tiberim t., Cic : Caes. 2. at- 
 tingo, ): the district b.'d on Cilicia, 
 reglo Ciliciam attingebat, Cic. : the .Vervii 
 b.d upon their teriitories, eorum fines 
 Nervii attingebant, Caes. 3, conilngo, 
 j: they border upon the teriilories of 
 the Arvemi, fines Arvernonim coniin- 
 gunl, Caes.: Liv. 4. circumjiiceo, 2 
 (with dat.): the Chersonesus and the 
 parts V hich b. on Europe, Cbersonesns 
 quaeque c. Europae, Liv. : v. to adjoin, 
 BE adjacent. II, To resemble closely: 
 finitimum, confinem esse : the false bj 
 so closely on the true, ita finitlma falsa 
 sunt veris, Cic. : the poet b.s on the ora- 
 tor, poeta oratori finitimus est, Cic. 
 B, I'rans. : praetexo, texui, textum, 
 }: bright purple often b.s your dress, 
 purpura saepe tuos fulgens p. amictus, 
 Ov.: the Mincius b.s its banks with 
 reeds, p. arundine ripas Mincius, Virg. : 
 bothnations areb.'d by the /ihine,utTae- 
 que nationes Rheno praete.\untur, Tac. 
 Phr.: a gold edge b.d the c/oa/i,chlamy- 
 dem limbus obibat aureus, Ov. : v. to 
 
 EDGE, TO bind. 
 
 borderer: 1. finitimus: Caes.. 
 
 Cic. 2. accSla : 11. : Liv. 3. 
 
 (esp. in pi.) qui attingunt, etc.: v. To 
 
 BORDER 
 
 bordering (adj.): l. affinis, e: 
 a nation b. upon tlie Moors, gens efc 
 Mauris, Liv. 2. finitimus : the Gauls 
 b. upon the Btlgae, (jalli B<'lgis f., Caes.: 
 the atmospheie b. on the sea, aer mari f., 
 Cic. Fig.: a vice u ill be found b. 
 upon each virtue, unictilque virtutl fini- 
 timum vitinm reperietur, Cic. 
 
 bore (''■) : I. To make a circular 
 hole : 1, perfiiro, i (simple verb foro, 
 rare : Col. : Macr.) : to b. a hole Oirough 
 a ship, navem p., Cic. . Col. 2. ex- 
 cavo, I : the Gallic gimlet b.s a hole (in 
 a trer) without becoming h<ated, Gallica 
 terebra ex., nee urit, Plin.: Col. 3. 
 tSrC'bro, 1 : to b. vines, vites t.,Col.: tob. 
 the eye uith a sharp ueopon, luuicn telo 
 acuto t., Virg. 4. exterebro, 1 (to b. 
 out): the gold had been b.d out, aunim 
 exterebratum erat, Cic 5. perterg- 
 bro I (to b. through) : to b. through a 
 pillar, columnam p., Cic. : Vitr. ||. 
 To ueary by importunity, etc : obtuudo, 
 tiidi. tusum, i : if 1 could sleep, I wouid 
 not b. you with such long letters, ego si 
 somnum capere posscm, tam longis te 
 epistolis nonobiunderem, Cic. Atl. 8. I. 
 Phr.: to b. any one as he is reading, by 
 gossiping, aliqiiem legeiitem impellerc 
 quovis sermone molest um, Hor. S. i, }, 
 6;; b.d ifith hoarsi-lhioated Codnaf 
 Theseid, vcxatus i-auci Tlieseide Codri, 
 Juv. : you b. me, odiosus mihi es, PL : 
 
 V. TO WORRY, harass. 
 
 bore (subs.) : I. That ivhichMres : 
 
 v. BORER, GIMLET. ||. A hole modt 
 
 by boring : foramen ; v. hole. Phr.: 
 the b. of a gun, V^iva pars (cavum?) 
 sclopeti. III. fhie who wearies: J, 
 
 87
 
 BOR E R 
 
 B O T H 
 
 BOTTOM 
 
 ineptus (the nearest word : cf. Cic.'s 
 description of the ineptus, Or. 2, 4, 17) : 
 he is a b. and a bit of a brag, ineptus 
 et jactantior hie, paiilo est, Hor. S. i, }, 
 49. 2. imponunus ■ v. disagree- 
 able, CNAMIABLE. 3. OdioSUS : cf. 
 
 TO BORE (fin.). 4. molestus : v. 
 
 rROUBLESOME : (and cf. Hor. S. i, 3,65). 
 borer : terebra (instrument) : Col. : 
 
 Plin. : V. OrMLET. 
 boring (.subs.) .- terebratio : Col. 
 
 boring-worm : teredo, inis, /. • 
 Plin.. Ov. 
 
 born : 1. natus (v. born, to be) : 
 young men b. of a most distinguished 
 family, ampllssima familia n. adoles- 
 centes, Caes. : b. of a tigress, de tigride 
 n., Ov. r nations b.for slavery, natlones 
 n. servituti, Clc. : an animal b. to en- 
 dure toils, animal n. tolerare labores, 
 Ov. 2. gSiiitus : b. of a concubine, 
 pellice g., Liv. : b. in the seventh month 
 {of pregnancy), septimo mense g.. Plin. 
 
 , be : 1. nascor, natus, j ; 
 
 we are b. for ivretchedness, in miseriam 
 aascimur, Cic. : grandchildren, and those 
 who shall be b. of them, nati natorum, et 
 qui nascentur ab illis, Virg, : to be b. 
 feet foremost, in pedes procodere nas- 
 centem, Rin. 2. renascor, j {to be 
 b. again) : nor let the mysteries of Py- 
 thagoras, b. again, deceive you, nee te 
 Pythagorae fallant arcana renati, Hor. 
 3. 6rior, ortus, 4 : the soil upon 
 whicli'you were b. and begotten, solum 
 in quo tu ortus et procreatus es, Cic. 
 V. TO ARISE, SPRING. P h r. : it is na- 
 tural to be 6. head first, ritu naturae 
 capite hominem gigni est, Plin. vhen 
 tudiis are b., editis geminis, Plin. : to be 
 boryi defective, fully formed, truncos, 
 integios" gigni, Plin. 
 
 boron : *bora or borium : M. L. 
 
 borough : niunlcipium (prop, an in- 
 corporated b., subject to Rome, but go- 
 verned by its own laws) : the foremost 
 man of his b., sui ra. primus, Cic. : v. 
 MCNiciPAL TOWN. For the looser sense, 
 
 V. TOWN. 
 
 borrow: I. As the correlative of 
 "lend": mutilor, i- to b. sums of 
 «l(W«!/, pecunias m., Caes.: we tvill b. 
 of Caelius, a Caelio mutuabimur, Cic. 
 P h r. : to endeavour to b. money, niu- 
 tuum argentum quaerere, PI.: to b. 
 ■money of any one, rautuas pecunias ab 
 ciliquo sumere, Cic. : to b. money at in- 
 terest, numos conducere, Hor. ; pecu- 
 niam c, Juv. : to b. yiioney for the sake 
 of paying a debt, versuram facere, Cic. 
 II, To take from another for one's 
 own use; to adopt: 1, mutuor, i . 
 to shine with light h.'d from him (the 
 sun), mutuata ab eo luce fulgere. Plin. 
 the orator b.s his suhthtyfiom the Aca- 
 demy, orator sublilitatem ab Academia 
 m., Cic. 2. peto, ivi, itura, } : to b. 
 rrords from the Greeks, verba a Graecis 
 [)., Cic: Tac. : v. to derive. Phr. : 
 b. shame, if you have none, si pudoris 
 egeas, sunias mutuuiu, PI. . v. to de- 
 rive, TAKE, adopt. Ill, To ussume. 
 imitate ; q. v. 
 
 borrowed ; L i t. of money ; and by 
 analogy, of other things : 1. mu- 
 tuus: b. money, m. argentum, PI.; m. 
 pecunia, Cic. Phr.: mnney b. from 
 bankers, aes circumforaneum, Cic. 2. 
 mutiiatus : V. to borrow (H. i.) 3. 
 iilienus (i. e. belonging to another) -. to 
 shine in b. plumes, allenis bonis gloriari, 
 Phaedr. : to frame edicts ivith the help 
 of b. talent, edicta al. formare ingenio, 
 Suet. 
 
 borrower: q"in>''t"atur. 
 
 borrowing (subs.): 1. mutua- 
 tio : Cic. 2. versura (a b. of money 
 topay ad>:bt): Ter. : Cic. 
 
 bosky : sHvestrls, e . a 6. hill, s. 
 coUls, Caes. : a b. place, s. locus, Cic. 
 
 bosom (subs.) : 1. sinus, us [the 
 breast; also, the folds of the dress 
 about the breast): to put one's hand 
 into a person's b., manum in s. alicul 
 Inserere, Ter. : give me the letter from 
 his b., ccdo mihi ex ipsius sinu literas, 
 Clc. : Antony opposed his b. to the 
 drawn sword, opposuit s. Antonlus 
 83 
 
 stricto ferro, Tac. Fig.: of an em- 
 brace ; affection : to receive a person to 
 one's b. and embrace, suo s. comple.xu- 
 que aliquem recipere, Cic. to vxep in 
 the bosom if a friend, in amici s. deflere, 
 Plin. So of the interior, midst, of any 
 place: to be dragged from the b. and 
 lap of one's country, e s. gremioque pa- 
 triae abstrahi, Cic. in the b. of pro- 
 found peace, in intimo s. pads, Plin. 
 
 2. gremlum (strictly lap : q. v., 
 but also sometimes used for bosom, esp. 
 in its more fig. acceptations) : he flings 
 himself upon thy b., in g. tuuni se rejicit, 
 Lucr. (of Mars and Venus) : (the land) 
 which embraces in its b. my father's 
 bones, quae patris gremio complectitur 
 ossa, Virg. : the Po issues from the b. 
 of mount Vesulus, Padus gremio Vesuli 
 mentis profiuit, Plin. : the earth receives 
 the seed in its b., terra gremio semen 
 excipit, Cic. 3. pectus, oris, n. (the 
 breast : whereas sinus and gremium do 
 not denote parts of the body, but of the 
 dress as connected with posture) : to 
 beat the b., ferire pectora, Ov. : v. 
 breast. In fig. sense it is equiv. to 
 the Eng. heart (q. v.): hence phr. a 
 bosom friend, pectus amicitiae. Mart. 9, 
 14. Phr.: he is one of my b. friends, 
 est ex meis domesticis atque Intimis 
 familiaribus, Cic. : your b. friend, tuus 
 amicus et soilalis, PI. : they are b. friends, 
 uterque utrique est cordi, Ter. : thee my 
 b. friend, te partem meae animae, Hor. 
 (but the Latin is much stronger) : v. 
 
 breast, heart, BOWELS. 
 
 bosom ("•)■• chiefly in p. part, 'bo- 
 somed ' : Ph r. : a toun b.'d in woods, 
 *oppidum silvis undique cinctum. 
 
 bosquet: f>ilvula: Col. 
 
 boss : 1. bulla : to remove the 
 golden b.s from the folding doors, b. 
 aureas e.\ valvis auferre, Cic: the b. the 
 ornament of boyhood, b. ornamenium 
 pueritiae, Cic. (v. Diet. Ant. s. v.). 2. 
 umbo, onis, m. (the b.ofa shield) : Virg. 
 
 3, umbilicus (the end of a roller for 
 books, maps, etc.) : Cat, : Mart. 
 
 botanic, botanical: 1. herba- 
 rius : b. (science), herbaria sc. ars, 
 Plin. : a b. suiijtct, *res h., Linn. 2. 
 botanlcus : 6. (/ar<i'«.<;, *horti b., Linn.: 
 b. friends, *ainici b., Linn. 
 
 botanist : 1. herbSnus : Plin. 
 
 2. *botiiiiicus : most distinguislted 
 b.s, praestantissimi botanic!, Linn. 
 
 botanize: *herbariamexercere; her- 
 bas legere or colligere : v. botany. 
 
 botany : 1. herbaria (sc. ars) : 
 Plin. 2. *botamca : Linn. 
 
 botch (subs.): I. A swelling on 
 the skin : v. BLOTCH. ||. A clumsy 
 piece of irork, usu. of repairing : cen- 
 tunculus male consarclnaius, Apul.; 
 pannus male, imperite s. inconcnme 
 assutus ; cf. Hor. A. P. 16: v. patch, 
 mess. 
 
 botch ("•) ■■ I. I'o mend clumsily : 
 
 1. sarcio, resarcio, 4 : with some 
 qualifying word, as male, imperite: v. 
 TO PATCH cp. 2. (malf ) consarcino, 
 I : Apul. II, To do anything clumsily: 
 Phr.: this Ms been b.'d, est hoc impe- 
 rite factum, Cic. : to b. an affair, rem 
 (negotium) male gerere,Cic. : to h. words, 
 verba (male) consarcinare, Gell. : the 
 ship ivas b.'d, navis inscite facta est, 
 Liv. 
 
 botcher: i.e. a clumsy ivm-kman; 
 esp. of the taiior's craft ■ *sartor (sarcl- 
 nator) imperitus: v. clumst, itnskil- 
 
 FCL. 
 
 both : 1. ambo, ambae, ambS 
 
 (regarded as forming a unity): we are 
 b. very curious, sumus a. belle curiosi, 
 Clc: b. tlie consuls, consules a., Liv. 
 
 2. geminiis (of things that are na- 
 turally or usu. In pairs): b. eyes, ge- 
 mimie acies, Virg, : b.feet, g. pedes. Ov. . 
 b. hands, g. manns. Mart. 3. duo, 
 
 duae, duo (used like the preceding : but 
 chiefly poet.): lie raised an immense 
 bowl with b. his hands, ingentem mani- 
 bus tollit cratera d., Ov. • mutual re- 
 gard and social lore ruled them b., mu- 
 tua cura duos et amor socialis habebat, 
 Ov. 4. uterque, utraque, utrumque 
 
 (regarded as separate, yet placed in the 
 same relation to a third object. Al- 
 though the Eng. word is plu. and takes 
 the plu. verb, the Latin word is gen. 
 sing., except when it denotes two par- 
 ties ; but the verb is sometimes plu. 
 with the sing, of uterque) ■ b. cameivith 
 an army, uterque cum exercitu venit, 
 Caes. : b. parents, uterque parens, Ov. : 
 to argue on b. sides, in utramque par- 
 tem disserere, Cic: they are b. mad, 
 uterque insaniunt, PI. b. of them lead 
 out their armies from the camps, uterque 
 eorum ex castris exercilum ducunt, 
 Caes. : b. parties made a cruel use of 
 their irictoiy, utrique victoriam crude- 
 liter exercebant. Sail. : he stretched out 
 b. hands, palmas lUrasque tetendit, Virg. 
 Phr.: on b. sides, utrimque: as, the 
 trumpets sound on b. sides, tubae utrim- 
 que canunt, PI.: to mutilate a viper at 
 b. ends, viperam u. praecidere, Plin.; 
 Cic. : to b. places, in b. directinns, ulro- 
 que, Cic: Liv.: also in same sense 
 utrObique: Cic: Hor. 
 
 both (co)ij.) : 1, both . . . and 
 (i) et . . . et: 6. the pupil and the 
 teacher, et discipulus et magister, PI. 
 (ii) fit . . . que : this has always been 
 an honour b. to individuals and to com- 
 munities, id et . singulis univcrsisqne 
 semper honori fuit, Liv. (iii) quum 
 . . . turn : fortune has very great in- 
 fiuenee b. over affairs generally an<l 'spe- 
 cially in war, fortuna q. in reliquis re- 
 bus, turn praecipue in bello plurimum 
 potest, Caes. : Cic. (iv). tum . . . turn 
 (N.B. Not tum . . . quum): 6. ele- 
 gant, and also full of strength, tum 
 elegans, tum fortissimum. Quint. (But 
 in Cic. probably always of what is done 
 at successive times.) (v). qua . . . 
 qua (only with ref. to place): ivy 
 clothes everything, b. the lower part of 
 the villa and the spaces between the pil- 
 lars, omnia convesiit hedera qua basim 
 villae, qua intercolumnia, Cic: Plin. 
 (vi). simiil . . . simiil (i. e. at one and 
 the same time) : they came to him to tlu 
 camp, b. to excuse themselves, and thcu, 
 they might obtain their reqiMst about the 
 truce, ad eum in castra venerunt, s. sui 
 purgandi causa, s. ut de induciis impet- 
 rarent, Caes. : Liv. 2. both . . 
 
 and not: (i) et . . . neqiie (nee): 
 
 v. NOT ONLY . . . BDT ALSO. (11) £t 
 
 . . . 6t non (where a single word is 
 qualified by the negative) : this will b. 
 he very agreeable tu me, and not very 
 mudi out of the nay for you, id et nobis 
 erit perjucundum et tibi non sane de- 
 viuni, Cic .See L. G. } 568. 
 
 bother ('•-) •• v. to teaze, annoy. 
 
 botS • asearides, um,/. : M. L. 
 
 bottle (««'«•) ■■ I. ^ '•«««<'' fo^ 
 holding liquids: 1. ampulla: a b. 
 covered with leather, a. rubida, PI. : 
 Cic. : an oil-b., am. olearia : a dealer in 
 or maker of b.s, ampullarius, PI. 2. 
 ligena (with handles==;fei5ron, q. v.) : the 
 b.s were emptied, 1. exsiccatae sunt, 
 Cic: Hor.: the neck of a b., cervix 
 lagenae. A small b. of the kind: la- 
 guncaia: Plin.. Col. ||. A bundle 
 or truss (of hay): feni fascis (?): v. 
 
 BUNDLE. 
 
 bottle (I') •• P h r. : to b. wine from 
 the cas's, vinum de doliis difTundere, 
 Col. : Hor. ; *in ampullas infundere. 
 
 bottom (subs.): I. The lowest 
 part: 1. fundus the b. of a cliest, 
 armarii f., Cic. : Xereus stirs up the sea 
 from the b., Nereus ciel aequora fundo, 
 V'irg. 2. .'^olum (only where the 
 bottom is formed by the ground): the 
 b. of a trench, fossae s, Caes.: the b. 
 of a pond, s. stagni, Ov. 3. imus 
 
 (adj. usu. agr. with word corresp. to 
 the Eng. word dependent on " bottom": 
 see L. G. ^42) : at the b. of an oak, 
 ad imim quercum, Ph -.edr. : at the b. of 
 the tar, in aure ima, Plin. : a hill gra- 
 dually rising from the b., locus editus 
 paulatim ab imo accltvls, Caes. : from 
 the b. to the top, ab imo ad summum, 
 Hor. : the b. of the sea, ima (pi.) mari4 
 Pllu. 4. infimus (used like Imus): 
 from the b. of a?! aZtor, ab :nQma ara.
 
 BOTTOM 
 
 B O V I N K 
 
 BOWL 
 
 Die.! at Vie h. of ahill, 6nh inf. collP, 
 -!aes. : a hill gi'/itl;/ rising from llf b., 
 mollis lenlter ab infimo aoclivis, Caes. 
 I'hr. : the net vfiit to the b., abiii rete 
 !>PS8Uin, PI. : man.'/ cities hair simk to 
 'he b. of the sea. multae per mare pos- 
 sum subsedere urbes, Lucr. : in certain 
 ■liannels the sea is so deep that no an- 
 'hors can fivd b.. mare cerlis c.inali- 
 bus Ita profundum ut niillae ancorai' 
 .sidant, Plin. : to send to the h. ; v. to 
 MNK : to understand a thing to the b., 
 rem penitus Intelligere, Cic. v. tho- 
 
 EOUGHLT, COMPLETKLY. ||. //)"' 
 
 ground: vallis: v. valley. H|. A 
 ship : q. V. IV. Frnindation ; cause : 
 f|. V. Pbr. : he u-as at the b, of that 
 plan, ejus consilii aiirtor fiiit, Caes. : 
 >fho will not believe that nou hace been 
 at the b. of this f hoc quis non credat 
 ab te esse ortum ? Ter. V. O'egs : 
 q. V. : faex, cis. 
 
 bottom ( I')- I. To found or rest 
 upon : q. v. ||, 7b furnish v;Hh a 
 bottom: Plir. : to b. a chest; ♦arma- 
 rium fundo instruerc. III. Toexamine 
 to the bottom, i. e. thoroughly: rem pe- 
 nitus perspioere, cognoscere ; v. to 
 
 STUDY. 
 
 bottomless: 1. profundus (not 
 strictly vithout any bottom: but very 
 deep, unfathomable) : a b. and boundle.^i: 
 sea, mare p. et immensum, Cic. : b. 
 Chaos, p. Cliaos. Val. Vl. ■ Virg. .\s 
 subs., profimdum, a b. abyss, Virg. : Ov. 
 More precisely, 2. fundocarens: ab. 
 7i'uer, amnis f. carens, Plin. Phr. : an 
 absolutely b. ocean, *mare prorsus infi- 
 nlta altitudine : v. depth. 
 
 bottomry : P h r. : o con tract of h.. 
 < oiitracius trajecticius, Cod. Just.: mtmey 
 lent on b., pfcunia trajecticia. Ulp. : 
 i'apin. : pecunia naulica, Scaev. Dig. : in- 
 terest payable on b., fenus nauticum, 
 Dig.: nautica usura, Dig. 
 
 bough: 1. ramus: Cic: Virg. 
 
 2, frons. dis, /. (o leafy b.): Cic. • 
 Hor. : V. braxch. 
 
 bougie: *virgacer5a: M. L. 
 
 boulder: saxum ma^um ac teres. 
 
 boulevard: v. stjblm-.b, stueet. 
 
 bounce («■) I . To spring : salio, 
 
 • xslllo, 4. II. T>boast: q. V. 
 bouncing (adj.) : v. stout, .«troko. 
 
 bound (subs.) I, A physical limit : 
 V. BOUNDARY. jj. A mcnal limit: 
 1. finis, is, m. and /. ^usu. m.) : 
 there are fixed b.s (of right and wrong), 
 sunt certi f., Hor. . Cic. to live vithin 
 the b.s of nature, intra naturae f, vivere, 
 Hor. 2. mOdus : to set some b.s and 
 limits to a spech, m. aliquem et finera 
 oralioni faci re, Cic. : to put b.s to 
 mourning, moduni lugendi facere, Cic. : 
 Hor. : to orerstep the b.s (of propriety), 
 finem et m. transire. Cic. : to kap irith- 
 in b.s in our sport, ludendi modum re- 
 tinere, Cic. 3. terminus: we must 
 settle ivhat are the limits in friendship, 
 and as it uere the b.s of love, constitu- 
 endi sunt qui sint in amicitia tines et 
 quasi t. diligendi, Cic. : v. li Ji it. P h r. : 
 appetites whu h exceed due b.s, appetllus 
 qui longius evagantur ; non satis a ra- 
 tione retinenlur, Cic. |||. A leap, 
 spring: q. v. saUus, us. 
 
 bound ('•) A. Trans. : 1. 
 
 continCo, ui, tentum, 2 they are b.'d 
 on every siiie by Vie vature of their 
 country, undique loci n.itura continentur. 
 Caes.. the Utlvelii arc b.'d on one sieUi 
 hy the river lildne, H. una e.x parte 
 flumlne Rlieno continentur. Caes. 2. 
 tinio, 4 . Oie tongue is placed in the 
 mouth, b.'d by the teeth, in ore sita lin- 
 gua est, finita dentibiis, Cic. : Ov. 3. 
 deRnio, 4 ; olive tnes b. the farthest 
 part of the farm, fundi extreniiini p ir- 
 tem oleae d., Cic. 4. temiino, i 
 the sea b.s all lanils, mare terras t. 
 omnes, Lncr. : olive trees b.'d the place, 
 locnm oleae terminahant, Cic.: to b. 
 glory by the saine limits as Ife, iisdem 
 tinibus gloriam quibus vitam t., Cic. 
 6. aml)io, 4 (only of a boundary 
 which ivivds round : as a river, etc.) : on 
 the other sides Germany is b.'d by tiie 
 Ocean cetera Oceanus ambit, Tac: v. 
 
 Ti) j-:xcfitCLE. (To be b.'d in gcjg. sen.*e 
 may also be expr. by .«e|>arari. as Cer* 
 mania a (Jallis . . . ICIieno [flumine"] 
 .separatur, Tac). B. I n t r a n s. : salio, 
 exsilio, 4" v. to leap, spuing. 
 
 bound (adj.). : Ph r. : the ship is b. 
 for dreece, *navis in Graeciam t<*ndit . 
 "■« are b. for l.atium, tendimus In I,ii- 
 tlum, Virg.: the ships uere vindb., 
 naves vento tenebaniur, Caes.: we uere 
 iee-b.. *glacie retenti sumus. 
 
 boundary : 1. finis, is, m. (also 
 sometimes /.) : the b of an empire, {. 
 imperii. Sail.: the b. of a province, f. 
 provlnciae, Liv. our veighlxiurs are at 
 variance alx/ut their b.s, vlclni nostrl 
 ambigimt de finlbus, Ter. ■ to extend 
 one's b.s, fines prolerre, Cic: v. terri- 
 TORfES. 2, limes, itis, m. (esp. a for- 
 tified b. or b.-nall) : t/> divide a plain by 
 a b.. partiri limite campum, Virg. : to adr 
 vance the b., 1. agore, Tac. . Veil. 3. 
 terminus ■ a dispute about b.s, contentio 
 de terminis, Cic. : the b.s of estates, pos- 
 sesslonum termini, Cic. 4. conf inium : 
 (a mutaal b.) : Caes. : Tac. P li r. : t/ie 
 extreme b. of the uorld, extrema era et 
 determinatio mundi, Cic: a fixing of 
 b.s, termtnatio, Inscr. : a marker of b.s, 
 metator, Cic. : Vie god of b s, 'J'erminus ; 
 his festival, Terminalia: v. Diet. Ant. 
 s. V. 
 
 boundary (a^j): 1. termtnalis, 
 e : b. stones, t. lapidep, Amm. 2. 
 liniitancus (see boundary, 2) 6. lanils, 
 agri I., Cod. J'heod. : b. troops, milites 1 , 
 Cod. Theod. 
 
 bounden: deMtus- a b. duty, d. 
 
 offieium, Cic. P h r. : it is our b.duty, 
 omnino oportet nos, debemus: v. it be- 
 hoves. 
 
 boundless : 1. infinitus : a b. 
 empire, in. imperium, Cic 2. P'o- 
 fundus (v. bottomlk.s.'c') ; 6. (i. e. insati- 
 able) lusts, p. libidines. ("Ic. ; b. avarice, 
 p. avaritia. Sail.: v. inklnite. 
 
 boundlessness : v. ixfixitt. 
 
 bounteous: v. kountifcl. 
 
 bounteously: v. bountifully, li- 
 berally. 
 
 bountiful: 1. bCnignns: those 
 
 who iHsh to be more b. than their means 
 allow, are wrong, qui benigni<jres esse 
 volunt quam res patitur. peccant, Cic. 
 V. generous. 2. largus : Cic. : b. in 
 disfiosition, largus animo, Tac. : v. plen- 
 tiful, liberal. 3. plenus (poet.) ; 
 b. horn, p. comu, Hor. 
 
 bountifully : 1. benigne : to sup- 
 ply money b., b. pecuniani praeljere, PI. : 
 Cic 2. large to give b., large dare, 
 Cic: Hor. V. GENEROU.-^LV, liberally. 
 
 bountifulneSS : benignitas : the b. 
 of nature, b. naturae, Cic. 
 
 bounty: I. Liberality: 1, lar- 
 gltas . Ter. . the earth pours forth its 
 produce with the greatest b., terra fruges 
 cum ma.\ima 1. fundit, Cic. : v. ube- 
 RALfTY. 2. bfinignilas, libfralitas. 
 
 V. generosity. II. A premium, re- 
 ward: 1. praemium: to prevail upon 
 any one by b.s and promises, alicui p. 
 poUlcitationlhusque persnadere, Caes. : 
 Cic. 2, aucioramenlnni : a b. for 
 
 retired gladiatcrrs (to induce them to 
 appear again in the arena), rudiariis a.. 
 Suet. 
 
 bouquet: \, Abwndioffloirers: 
 V. NOSEGAY. II. The perfume of wine : 
 
 1. flos. floris, m. .- the b. of wine. 
 flos Ijiberi. Paruv. the b. qf old wine, 
 flos veteris vlui, PI. 2. 6dor, oris r 
 PI.: Phaedr. 
 
 bourgeon: floreo: v.tobud,spboot. 
 
 bourn: v. bound, Luirr. 
 
 bout: 1. cerliimen, Inis. n. : a 
 
 driuk-ing-b., vinl c, Tib. j, 6, 11 : they 
 have a b. at quoits, ineunt certamina 
 disci, Ov. M. 10. i";7. (Similarly with 
 verb, it is no pleasure [to me\ to join in 
 drinking-b.s, nee juvat certare mero, 
 Hor.) 2. comissatio (a «i»-intin^-bou< ; 
 a revel, q. v.) • to spend one's leisure in 
 banipiets and, drinking-b.s, convlviis c. 
 que otium terere, Liv.: Cic v. bkvel- 
 lfng. 
 
 bovine: 1. bObiilus. Varr.: Col. 
 
 2. lKj\1nus . Theod. Prise. 
 
 bow ('•■): A. Trans.- |, To 
 bend: fleeto, inclino: to incline, q. v 
 II. To lotcer by tfending.esp. in token 
 of respect : 1, dtmitt/j, misi, mis.sum, 
 } : to b. one's head (in order to pass 
 under an archway), caput d., Cic: of 
 drooping flowers, Ov. (comp. the phr. 
 fasces demittere, to loner Vie fascet in 
 token of snbml.sslon, Cic). 2. sub- 
 niitto, I . b.ing Uteir heads they entered 
 the lo'v gateway, siiramb-so hiimlles In- 
 trarunt vertice p^istes, Ov. : to b. as do 
 girls, c«rt.«<T/. •genua flexa s. (tieorg.). 
 3. Inclino, i : v. to bend. |||, 
 To depress, subilue (q.v.) : snbmltto, } : 
 to b. ones spirits to misfurcunes, ad 
 calaniitates aninios s., Liv. : to b. miruU 
 to love, animos amori s., Virg.: v. to 
 SUBJECT. B. In trans.: To lower 
 the heaul or incline the person: esp. In 
 token of respect or submission : Pbr. : 
 / b. to your potent wisitijm (lit. yield 
 the hands to be bound. In token of 
 defeat), efficaci do manus saplentlae, 
 Hor.: Caes.: to take of one's hat and 
 b. to any one, caput revelare et salulare 
 accllnem, Arnob. 7, p. 221 : (but this 
 d(jes not apjtear to have been a usual 
 mode of respectful salutation, not being 
 mentioned by Cic where we might have 
 expected to find it, deSen. 18. 6j: q.v): 
 to b. to any one, aliqiiem summiaso 
 capite saliitare: v. sup. ii. (1, 2). 
 
 hO'W (verb, subs.) : Phr.: to enter a 
 house with a b., domum sumniisso capite 
 (honoris causa) inlrare : to make a b. to 
 any one : v. to bow (fin.). But gene- 
 rally salutatio may be used as the Latin 
 correlative to the Eng. word : v. salu- 
 tation. 
 
 bow (subs.): I. An instrument for 
 discharging arrows : 1. arcus, lis : 
 to bend a b. against any one, a. in ali- 
 quem intendere, Cic. ; tendere, Hor. ; 
 dirigere, Pers. ; lunare, Ov. : a bent b., 
 a. adductus, Virg. : an unlient b., a. 
 reraissus. Hor. Phr..- a manufactory 
 of b.s, fabrica arcuaria, Veg. : a b.-maker, 
 arcuarius, Dig. 2, comu, n. (poet. : 
 lit. a horn): to discharge arroivs from 
 a Parthian b., Partlio torquere c spl- 
 cula, Virg. Ov. Pro v.: to have two 
 strings to your b., dupUci spe utier, i.e. 
 nii, Ter. I 'hor. 4, 2, u. ||. Anything 
 shaped like a Ihjw, or curved : arcus: a 
 harbour curved toab., porlus curvatus in 
 arcuni, Virg. : Ov. . v. arch. |||. ^ 
 musician's b. : (not plectnini, which was 
 a small quill or stick used lor striking 
 the strings of a lyre): arcus, with some 
 such word as fidium or •vioUnarius un- 
 derstood : V. fiddle-stick. IV . -<* 
 tie of ribbon, etc. : *fasciolae plexus s. 
 nexus . (or perhaps nodus, cf. Virg. Eel. 
 
 8. :■;). 
 bow-bearing : arcugnens, entis. Ov. 
 bowed; 1. curvus: 6. Umiis, c. 
 
 membra. Ov. : b. old age, c. senecta, Ov. 
 2, incurvub: Ter.: a b. statue, in. 
 statna, Cic. 
 bow-legged. 1. valgus: Pi.: CeU. 
 
 2. valius: Varr. 
 
 bowman: Sagittarius: Caes.: Cic 
 
 bowels: I. The intestines of an 
 
 animal : 1. alvus, i,/. : a purging of 
 
 the b., purgatio alvi, Cic: to relieve the 
 
 b., a. exonerare. Plin.; to confine the b„ 
 
 a. astringere, cnhibere. comprimere. etc., 
 Cels. 2. pantices, urn, hi. (coniic^)- 
 PI.: Mart. 3. venter, trls, m. (pn.p. 
 the stomach)- Col.: Plin. 4. viscfra, 
 um (including all the interior paiU-): 
 Cels.: Ov.: v. iNTtsriNh^L ||. T/ie 
 interior of anything: viscera, um: the 
 
 b. of Vie earth, v. terrae. Ov. : the b.ef 
 Mount Etna, v. Montis Aeinae, Virg.: 
 in the veins and b. cf the republic. In 
 venis atque in v. reipublicae, Cic. ||.|. 
 Fig.: of emotion : v. pity, coMPAasioi, 
 heart. 
 
 bower : 1. trlchila : a cool b. iriih 
 shady reeds, t. umbriferls frigida anm- 
 dinlbus, Virg. Cop. : Col. 2. nnibra- 
 < ulum ; the pliant vines twine mm bj, 
 lenfae texunt umbracula vites. Virg.: 
 Varr. . Cic. 3. umbra . a seaet b, 
 secreta u., Prop. 
 
 bowl (subs.): 1. crater, Sria, M, 
 89
 
 BOWL 
 
 BRAKE 
 
 BRAND 
 
 (a large b. for mixing) : Virg. . Ov. 
 
 2, era' era (^ crater I: Cic. : Hor. 
 
 3. pal6ra (a fiat, open b., used <■»?. 
 In sacrifices) : Cic: Hor.: v. c'lp, goblet. 
 P h r. : the b. of a spoon, cava pars coch- 
 learis. 
 
 bowl ( ''■) •■ i. e. to roll a ball or round 
 body Joicibly along : v. to roll, hdrl. 
 Phr. : to b. well, 'scite globulum inten- 
 dere (?) 
 
 bowler : expr. by verb : v. to bowl. 
 
 bow-line : (?) '""is veil orae an- 
 nexus. 
 
 bowling-green: locus planus et 
 herbidiis ad glnbulis ludeudum aptus. 
 
 bowls: 'globuli lUMjrii. 
 
 bows (of a sliip) : prora: v. prow. 
 
 bowsprit: *iualus proralis: (Kr. 
 and GeurK). 
 
 bowstring: nervus: a supply of 
 b.f (including strings lor catapults, etc.), 
 copia ntTvuruni. Veg. 
 
 box (.suOs.l I. A chest, etc.: 1. 
 area (intended for keeping things out of 
 the read] of otliers : arceo) : a large b. 
 full of poisons, a. ingiens venenorum 
 plena. Suet, a small b. or chest, arcula: 
 Cic. 2. capsi (esp. for books) : Hor. : 
 a small b. of the kind, capsula: Cat.: 
 Plin. 3. 'ista (for clothes, money, 
 
 etc.) : Cic. : Hor. ; cistiila, cistella, cis- 
 telliila (denoting small b.s of the kind). 
 4, scriiiium ((or papers, etc.; a 
 writii.g-dcsk) : Hor. 5. alabaster, tri, 
 m. {for pei fumes: v. alabastkr): Cic: 
 (also alabastrum, or -tra: Mart.). 6. 
 pyxis, idis, /. (a small b. for meiiicives, 
 etc.) : a small b. of poison, p. veneni, 
 Cic: a ^oWh., aurea p.,Suet. ||, An 
 enclosed seat in tite theatre: *sedes in 
 podio theairi clausa, secreta. |||. The 
 front seat on a coach, *sedes anterior 
 currus (.'). 
 
 box, a shrub : buxus, i, /. : the b. 
 thick with leaies, h. densa foliis, Ov. 
 Phr.: a plantation of b., buxetum. 
 Mart. : a mould made of b., ' uxea 
 forma. Col. : b.-wood polished b^ the 
 lathe, torno rasile buxum, V^ii'g. 
 
 boXi <! bloiv loith the hand: 1, 
 aiSpa: to gire any one a smart b. on the 
 ear, alicui gravetn ducere a., I'haedr. : 
 Juv. 2. cSlaphus ( with the fst) : v. 
 blow. Alapa. is a hlmv with the fat 
 hand (' a slap '), hence less severe than 
 colaphus. 
 
 box (I'O •■ \, I'o give a b. on the 
 ear, etc.: v. box (suhs.). ||. To fight 
 with the fists: 1, pugnis certare: 
 Cic. 2, piigilor, i : Apul. 
 
 boxer : pfigll, is : 'I'er. : Cic. : Hor. 
 
 boxing, boxing-match : I, pa- 
 
 gilatio: Cic. 2, pugilatus, us : PI.: 
 
 Plin. (Pugna may also be applied to a 
 boxing-match, cf. Virg. A. ;, }6;.) 
 Phr. : famed (PuUwk) /or prowess in b., 
 superare pusinis nobilis, Hor. 
 
 boxing-glove: caestus, us: Cic: 
 Virg. 
 
 boy : 1. pu6r, 6rl (a male child : 
 a lad; also a shioe) : provide a nurse 
 for the b., puero nutricem para, Ter. : 
 the b. Ascanius, p. Ascanius, Virg. : the 
 dinner is served by thrive b s {slavs), coe- 
 na ministraiur p. tribus, Hor. Dimin., 
 pQeriilus, a Utile b. -. Cic. 2. piisio, 
 onis, m. (a little fellotf : sometimes with 
 an imputation of unchasiity: cf. Juv. 
 6, J4): Cic. 3. piipus: v. baby, 
 
 INFANT. Dimin., pupulus, a little boy .- 
 Cat Phr.: a bit of a b., frustum pueri, 
 PI.: to become a boyayain, r6piifirasc6re, 
 Cic 
 
 boyhood: 1, puiSrItia (v. CHILD- 
 HOOD) : to keep the tenor of one's life 
 from b., vltae cur.sum a p. tenere, Cic : 
 Sail. 2. aetas piiSrilis: Cic. Phr.: 
 ice were devoted to tlwse pursuits from 
 b., his anibus a pueris dediti sumus, 
 Cic. : / hare Icnown the man from b., 
 homlnem a puero cognovi, Cic. 
 
 boyish: pufirilis, e: that u<as done 
 with nuxi'ly Sjriiit, b. ju.lyment, acta 
 ilia res tst animo virili, consilio p., Cic. : 
 b. tnsivs, p. vota, Ov. : v. childish. 
 
 boyishly: piieriliter: I'l. : Cic 
 
 brace (subs.): \. a sup/xn-t (in 
 
 orchilecture) : 1. f ibaia : the beams 
 
 qo 
 
 II tTe kept apart by a pair of b.s on each 
 side, trabes binis utrimque f. distineban- 
 lur, Caes. 2. catena : Cato : Vitr. 
 
 II, A fastening, bandage: q. v. 
 
 III. A strap to support anything : 
 fascia: troaser (>.s, *fas(.iae braccarum : 
 a bed-b., f. lecti cubicularis, Cic. : v. 
 STRAP, girth. IV. jVaut. t. t. : ap- 
 plied to the ropes by nhich the sail yard 
 lias turne i: Opilfirae (iiTre'pai) : Isid. (v. 
 Diet. Ant. p. 191 '<). V. A pair (of 
 birds tliat are game): Plir. : a b. of 
 partridges, bina capita peidicum: six b. 
 of pheasants, duodena capita phasianina. 
 
 brace ("■) •■ I, I'o tighten, stretch .- 
 q.-v. : ligo, alligo. ||, To strengthen : 
 
 1. tirnio, I : they uished the bodies 
 of young men to be b.d by labour, cor- 
 pora Juvenum tirmari labore voluerunt, 
 Cic. : to b. the nerves, nervos f , Caes. 
 
 2. astringo, nxi, ctum, j : to b. the 
 relaxed body, remissuni corpus as.. 
 Mart. : Plin. 
 
 bracelet: 1, armiUa: PI.: Li v. 
 I^Hence, wearing a b., ariniUatus, Suet.) 
 2, brachiale, is, n. : Plin. 3. 
 spinther, ens, n. ; PI. 
 
 bracket {subs.) : |, a support .• 
 
 miitulus. Varr. : Vitr. ||, In pi. : 
 
 7narks used to separate words, etc., in 
 writing : unci : to imiose » ords in b.s, 
 *verba uncis s. uiicinis includere. 
 
 bracket ("•)• ^- brackkt, subst. (II). 
 
 brackish: 1, suhsalsus: b. water, 
 s. aqua, Cels. 2, amarus (ace. to the 
 etymologists having ref. originally to 
 the ta~te ef salt-water) : Virg. : Ov. : v. 
 
 SALT, BRINY. 
 
 brackishness : saisitudo, or saisflgo : 
 
 Vitr.: Plin. 
 brad (« Icind of nail) -. claviilus : Cat. 
 brad - awl : tgrebra : v. BORER, 
 
 GIMLET. 
 
 brag : glOnor : V. TO BOAST. 
 
 braggadocio : > 1, saiaco, onis: 
 braggart: 5 Cic 2, Jactator: 
 
 Quint. : Suet. : v. boaster. Phr. : to play 
 the b., militern gloriosum imitari, Cic 
 (wiih allusion to the play of Plautus). 
 bragging {adj) •■ RloriOsus : V. 
 
 BOASTING. 
 
 bragging (subs.) .- ostentatio sui, jac- 
 tantiasui: v. boa.sting, boast. 
 
 brahmins: Brachmannae, arum, and 
 Brathmanes, um (prob. only found In 
 pi.): Strab. : Tert. (cf. Plin. 6, ■;, 21, 
 fm.). Curt, speaks ol ihe B.s simply as 
 Sapientes (8, 9). The sing, may be expr. 
 by Brachmannicus vir: or by unus ex 
 Braehmannis. 
 
 brahminical : *brachmannicus. 
 
 braid (''•)• !■ '''' plait, neave: 
 
 q. V. : necto, pleeto. ||. To border or 
 adorn with braid : limbo (?) praetexere, 
 ornare : v. to border. Phr.- a cloak 
 b.'d irith a border of gold{\sLCe), chlamys 
 quam limbus ohibat aureus, Ov. 
 
 braid (subs.) .- 1, llmbus (an orna- 
 mental border or braitC) .- v. to braid 
 (li)- 2, giadus, us (of hair, arranged 
 like steps) : Quint. : Suet. 3. spira 
 (o/' hair) : Plin. : Val. Klac. : v. plait. 
 
 brain (subs.) .- |. The organ of 
 
 the mind : \, cerebrum : some have 
 said that in the b. is the seat of the soul, 
 nonnulli in c. di.xeruiit animi esse sedem, 
 Cic. : Cels. 2. cerebellum (small b. : 
 esp. of inferior animals) : Cels. Qln mo- 
 dem anatomy the term cerebrum de- 
 notes the brain proper, and cerebellum 
 that portion of the nervous mass which 
 occupies the Inferior occipital fossae ; but 
 the words are not so distinguished in 
 cl.is>lcal writers; and the Knglish word 
 b)-ain designates the whole of the nerv- 
 ous matter situated in the head.] ||. 
 Meton. for sense : cor, cordi.s, n. (heart) : 
 to have no b.s, c. non habere, Cic: v. 
 
 SENSE. 
 
 brain (v.) : allcui cerebrum (lapide, 
 clava, etc.) excutere, alicui caput elidere, 
 PI. : (also simply aliquem elidere. Curt. 
 
 9.7)- 
 
 brainless : socors, stolidus : v. sense- 
 less, STLPID. 
 
 brake: |. Akindof/e7n; "pterls 
 aquilina : Linn. : v. FERN. \\, A 
 
 thicket: diimetum. 
 
 brake : I. ^ machine for pre- 
 
 paring hemp (or flax), *instrnraentum 
 ad cannabim decorticandani (et. Plin. 
 19, ;6). II, A sharp bit : Irt^num 
 
 lupatum : V. BIT. 
 
 bramble: 1. dumus (of any kind 
 of rough bush) : rough b.s, horrentes d., 
 Virg. : Cic. : V. BBSH. 2, riibus (the 
 
 common b., or blackberry bush) : rough 
 b.s, horrentes r., Virg. : prukly b.s, 
 hamati r., fib. ; hirsuti r.. Prop. Hence, 
 a b.-thidcet, rubetum : Ov. (Linnaean 
 name ot the common b. is rubus Iruti- 
 cosus.) 3, semis, is, to. : Caes.: Virg. • 
 V. THORN. 4. vepris. Is, to. (usu. pi. : 
 applied to any kind of rough, thorny 
 bush) : Cic Hor. Hence, vepretum, a 
 b.-thicket. Col. 
 
 brambly : 1. dQmosus (i. e. over- 
 
 grown irilh bushes or b.s) : Virg. : Ov. 
 2. sentosus : v. t«ohny. 
 
 bran: turfur, uris, n.: PI.. Plin 
 Phr.: bread made of b., panis furfuieus, 
 Gell. : fine b.. tnrfuiiculae, arum : Marc. 
 ICnip. : b.-like, furltirosus, furfizraceus ■ 
 I'lin. 
 
 branch (subs.) : \. A limb of a 
 tree : 1, ramus : the b.s of a tree. 
 arboris r., Lucr. : to break off a b. uj 
 a tree, r. arboris defringere, Cic. : tin- 
 oak stretcher out its strong b.s and arms 
 uidely, aesculus fortes late r. et brachia 
 tendit, Virg.: leafy h.s, r. frondentes. 
 Virg. Fig. to lop off the b.s of unhap- 
 piness, r. amputate miseriarum, Cic 
 Dimin.: ramulus, a jmuU 6., Cic. ; also, 
 ramustulus. Hier. 2, frons, dis, f. 
 (a b. II ilh leaves) : a b. of oak, f. quemea, 
 Cato : to apply the jyruning-knife to 
 young b.s, f. teneris lalcem adhibere, 
 Quint.: Cic; v. foliage. 3, bra- 
 chium (poet.) : the b.s of an oak, b. 
 quercus. Cat. : Virg. ||. Anything 
 
 analogous to a bough : 1, ramus ■ 
 (a), of hoi-ns : from the top of the horn 
 b.s spread out, ab cornus summo r. dif- 
 funduntur, Caes. (b). of mountains: 
 mount Cambaliilus is a b. of the Cau- 
 casus, nions Cambalidus est Caucasi r., 
 Plin. : (c). of a member of a family : 
 a b. from a Tuscan stem, stemmate 
 Tusco r., Pers. 2. brachium : (a), of 
 mountains : the Taurus sends off 6.s, 
 Taurus b. emittit, Plin. : (6). of the 
 sea: v. arm. |||, Apart, division: 
 q. V. : genus, 6ris, n. : Cic. Phr.: b.s of 
 learning, doctrinae, id. 
 
 branch (i^-) ■• \. To shoot or spread 
 in branches. Phr.: the tree has b.'d to 
 the sky, exiit ad coelUDi ramis arbos, 
 Virg. : tfie oak b.'s out, quercus ramos 
 tendit, Virg. ||. To separate into 
 parts : 1. divldor, divisus, } : the 
 
 Fibrenus b.'s into two parts, Fibrenus in 
 duas partes dividiiur, Cic 2. scindo, 
 scidi, scissum, } (with pj-on. reflect., or 
 as v. reflect.) : the family of both b.'s off 
 from a single pi ogenitor, genus ambo- 
 rum s. se sanguine ab uno,-Virg. : the 
 physical part of philosophy b.'s into tivo 
 ^)Ys. naturalis pars philosophiae in duo 
 scinditur. Sen. 3. diffundor, fiisus, 
 
 } : the nation b.'s out through Latium, 
 d. gens per Latium, Virg. 
 
 branching, branchy : 1, ramo- 
 
 sus : a b. tri-e, r. arlxir, Lucr. : the b. 
 
 horns of a stag, r. cornua cervi, Virg. 
 
 2. pattilus (i. e. loith wide-spreading 
 
 bi-anches) : a b. tree, p. arbor, Ov.: Virg. 
 
 brand (subs.) .- |. a burning or 
 burnt piece of wood: tonis v. fire- 
 brand. II, A mark made by burning : 
 1, nota (prop, of the censor's mark 
 of disgrace): Virg.: Suet. 2, stigma, 
 atis, n. (a mark, usually consisting of 
 a letter or letters, branded upon slaves, 
 especially runaways) to put a b. upon 
 any one, alicui stigmata iinpunere, Vitr. ; 
 alicujus fronti siigmata imprimere, Petr. 
 Also of atiy mark of disgiaee, aliquem 
 stigmate noiare, Mart. P h r. : a b. on 
 the forehead. Irontis inscriptio, Petr.: v. 
 mark, STIGMA. III. Asuord: q. v. 
 
 brand ("•) ■ 1, inuro, ussi, ustum, 
 } (with (ICC. and dat.) : they b. the calves, 
 vitulis notas inurunt, Virg. . to b. a 
 stain upon the Claudian geyis, maculam 
 Claudiae genti in., Liv. Cic. 2. 3tlg»
 
 B R A N I> K U 
 
 B It E A C H 
 
 B K E A K. 
 
 mata imponere, imprimere : v. bkand 
 {tubs.). 3. nuto, I ■ to b. a vtan (as 
 a thief, etc.) nilh no little Jreedom, ali- 
 qucm mulla cum liberlate n., Hor. 4. 
 literam ad caput affigere : Cic. 
 
 branded: ni^raius: a b. slave, 1. 
 servus. I'l. (= sligmatias, Clc). 
 
 branding-iron : 1. cautgr. eri.s 
 m. : I'al). 2. cauterium: Plin. 
 
 brandish : 1. vibro, i : to b. 
 spears, hastas v., Clc. ■ Claud. 2. 
 
 conisco, I (poet.): they b. tao javelhis 
 in the hand, duo coruscant gaesa manu, 
 Virg. 3, crlspo, I (poet.), to b. jave- 
 lins, ha.-*tilia c, Virg. 
 
 brandy : 1. *aqua vitae . M. I>. 
 
 2. *vinuni igne vaporatum et stil- 
 latum: JI. L. 3. *aqua funis (Quicli). 
 
 4. *vinuni adusium, sublimatuni 
 (Kr.). 5. **i"i spiritu». 6. *Spiritus 
 Galllcus, irr Spirilus Vini Gallic! (name 
 in the I'hariuacopeia). 
 
 brank - ursine : acanthus : Virg. 
 Plin. 
 
 brasier (<i pan for coals) : 1. fScu- 
 lus: PI.. Liv. 2. batillum (prunae): 
 Hor. 
 
 brass : orichalcum : Cic. • Hor. (v. 
 Diet. Ant. p. 845). In a general and 
 loose sense it may be represented by 
 the Latin words which strictly reler to 
 
 BRONZK : q. V 
 
 brassy : v. brazen. 
 
 brat: infans: V. CHILD. 
 
 bravado : v. boast, defianck. 
 Phr. : he said this out of b., *hoc fecit 
 per s|)ecieni periculi contemneridi. 
 
 brave (i") •• v. to dkfv, disregakd, 
 ENDURE. Phr.: to b. a mortal danger, 
 periculum &ipitis adire, Cic. : to b. the 
 risk of losing on^s life in defence of 
 any one, in vitae dlscrimen pro aliquo 
 ee Infene, Cic. : v. to face. 
 
 brave (adj-) •■ |, courageous . 
 
 1. fortis, e (opposed to ignavus): 
 fortune favours the b., fortes fortuna 
 a^juvat, 'I'er. : the lielgaeare the bravest, 
 forti.'isimi .sunt Belgae, Caes. a man 6. 
 in dangers, vir ad pericula t., Cic. : 6. in 
 handliiig seipeutf, f. tract.ire serpentes, 
 Hor. . o b. deed, f. factum, Caes.: a b. 
 and manly speech, omtlo f. et virilis, 
 Cic. a b. breast, f. peitu.s Hor. 2. 
 b6nus (rare, and iisu. opposed to igna- 
 vus) : the b. and the am ardly, b. atque 
 ignavi, Sail. : all the brarest, optumus 
 quisque, Sail 3. anlmosus : v. cou- 
 
 RAGKOus, fearless. 4. streuuus : v. 
 \ KiORois. {Fortis is stronger than 
 strenuus: Cic. says "si minus fortis, 
 attaraen strenuus," if not brave, yet at 
 any rate alert.) Join: fortis et ani- 
 mosus; vir fortis et acris magnique 
 aninii : fortis animus et magnus: oratio 
 fortis, acris, vehemens : Cic. ||, Gal- 
 lant, magnificent, excellent : q. v. 
 
 bravely : 1. forlittr : to sustain 
 an attack b., impetum f. sustinere, 
 Caes.: Cic. : Hor.: very b.. perfortiter • 
 Ter, 2. acriter: to flyht b. (icith 
 
 vigour, keenness), a. pugnare, Cic. . to 
 fight very b., a< errime rem gerere. Sail. 
 
 3. animose . v. coruAGfiocsLY 
 4. strenue : v, vigobocsly, excel 
 
 lently. 
 
 bravery: |, Courage: 1. for- 
 titiido. renown for war and b., gloria 
 belli atque f , Caes. : the b. of the (Jtn-- 
 mans, f. Gemianorum, yuint 2. 
 
 virtus, utis, /. : the Helvetii surpass the 
 taker Oauls in b., Helvetii rellquos 
 Gallos virtute praecedunt, Caes. . Cic. 
 
 Hor.: V. VALdDK, INTRf.riWTY. ||. 
 
 splendour, finer y, magnljicetice : q. v. 
 bravo (subs): sicarlus: Cic: Hor.. 
 
 T. ASSASSIN. 
 
 bravo (inlerject.): 1. eu . PI.: 
 Ter. 2, eupe. PI.- Ter. 3. evax: 
 PI. 4. macl6 {sii'g.), macti (j)iu ), 
 either alone or with virtute csto or este • 
 Cic Hor. 5. sophos (e.\pression of 
 admiration during a reading) Juv. 
 
 brawl (v.): rixor, i Lncr. : Cic. 
 
 V. TO wrangle, tJUARRKL. 
 
 brawl (.subs.) 1. rixa : the b. loas 
 
 appeased, rixa sedata est, Liv. : v. fray 
 2. turba (any kind of disturbance) : 
 Ter.: Clc: v. wrangling, vcarbel. 
 
 brawler: rixator- Quint. 
 
 brawling (adj.): v. quarrrlsouk. 
 .i b. advocate, r5bula: Cic. 
 
 brawn : I. Boar's fiesh : \, 
 callum apnignum : Pi. 2. (caro) 
 
 aprugiia- Capil. JIax. ||. .Muscle: 
 
 lac^Mtus, tOrus- V. muscle. 
 
 brawny : 1. laiertosus .- 6. centu- 
 riinis. I. centurlories. lie. ■ Ov. 2. 
 
 loiosus: the b. necl.s of oxen, X. colla 
 bouni, Ov. : v. MU,sct7LAB 
 
 bray (''■) ■■ |. To pound (q. V ) 
 
 conlundo, tudi, tusum, } ■ to b. roots 
 with iron pestles, radices ferreis pills c. 
 Col. If, To emit a hoarse noise : 
 
 rfido, Tvi, itum, j the ass b.s, r. asellus. 
 Ov.: Pers. Phr.. some orators voir-a- 
 days b. insteail of speaking, latrant jam 
 qiiidam oratorcs, non loquuiitur, Cic. 
 the claiions b., litui strcpuiit, Hor. . the 
 horns hoarsely b.'d, strepuerunt rauco 
 comua caiiiu, Virg. 
 
 bray, braving (sii^.O •■ I. Lit.: 
 of asses : ruditus, us. Apul. ||, of 
 any harsh sound : strfpitus, na : v. 
 
 DIN. 
 
 brajring : contusio : v. pounding. 
 
 brazen ; |. Made <f brass. (The 
 foil. \v(.rds may be employed, although 
 strictly referring to bronze) 1, aengus 
 or ahcnfus : a b. tablet a tabula, Clc. : 
 the b. age, a. proles, Ov 2, Scnus 
 or ahenus (poet.) : b. jiruning-Uooks, a. 
 falces, Lucr. • Virg. : Hor. 3. aergns ■ 
 b. horns, a. comua, Virg. : Plin. 4. 
 aeratus (fitted vilh b): couches uith 
 b. feet, lecti aerati, Cic. : v. bronze. 
 II. Shameless : impiidens, impud- 
 entissimus: Cic. Phr.. a l/.-faced per- 
 smi, OS durum, Ter.; os durissimum, 
 Cic. ; duri puer oris et audax, Ov. ; os 
 imptldens, Ter. : you are a b.-facedfel- 
 loir. OS jierlricuisii, Cic. : v. bold-faced, 
 impudent. 
 
 brazen-faced : v. brazen (fin.). 
 
 brazen-footed: 1, aenipes, pedis: 
 
 Ov. 2. aeripes, pSdis Virg. : Ov. 
 
 brazier : faber aerarius, or simply, 
 aerarius Plin. 
 
 brazil-wood : *Bra.silia, old name 
 for the genus Caesalpina. 
 
 breach.: |. Lit.: a break, gap, 1 
 rent : i\. v. Esp. an opening made in 
 fortifications by battering : nearest word, ' 
 riiina, or pi. ruinae : bodies of ai-med 
 men were marching into the city through 
 an opening afforded by the b.. per pat- 
 entiu minis agmina armatorum in urbem 
 vadebant, Liv. : by that b. the tou-rt was 
 taken, captum est oppidum ea r., Liv. : 
 the armies were drawn up betueen the 
 b. in the n all and the buildings of the 
 city, acies inter niinas muri tectaque 
 urbis const iterant. Liv.: the toti-vspeople 
 ivere building a iieir wall at the part 
 vheie the toim v as exposed by the b., \ 
 oppidani novum niurum ab ea parte qua ! 
 patefactum oppidum ruinis erat, reficie- * 
 bant, Liv. Phr.: he made a small b. 
 in the nail with three tiattering-rams, 
 tribus arietibus aliquantulum muri dis- 
 cussit, Liv.: to make a b. in a nail by 
 means of violent strokes (of a ram), 
 vehementibus plagis niurum dejicere. 
 Vitr. : niurum subruere, destruere, Veg. ■ 
 V. Tt) batter down. Similarly of an 
 opening made by an inundation in the 
 baiiks of a river, etc. ; the river orer- 
 Jloned and made a ft. in the dyke, 
 *fiunien exnndaiis aliquantum aggeris 
 disjecit ; uggerem jierrupit. ||. lio- 
 lation : Phr.: Heyulus prefer) ed re 
 turning to punishment to being guilty 
 of a ft. of the promise made to the enemy, 
 Kegulus ad suppliciimi redire maluit 
 quam (idem hosii datani fallere, Cic. 
 to commit a b. of promise, tidem fran- 
 gfre, Cic. ; proniis,sum non servare.Cic; 
 promissis non stare, Cic. : to commit a 
 b. of a treaty, loedus violare or runipere, 
 Cic. ; contra foedus lacere, Cic. to com- 
 mit a ft. of frier,dship, amiriliam vio- 
 lare, Clc. . a public b. of faith, piiblica 
 fidei violatio. Veil., these things in- 
 voli-e a b. of faith, liaec contra fidem 
 tiunt. Cic. trials resp'ecting b. of trust, 
 judicia de fide mala, Cic. to commit a 
 b. of duty, officium deserere, Cic ; ab 
 
 officio discedere, Cic. : Zeno placed cer- 
 tain things iM-ticeen duty and b. of duty, 
 Zeno Inier ofliciuni et contra uflicium 
 media locabat quaedam, Cic, a 6. rf the 
 peace: V. RIOT, ASSAULT. |||. .vV/ia- 
 
 ralion, difference : \. disgunctio : alien- 
 ation and ft. between friends, alienatio 
 d.qu'- amlcorum, Cic 2. dlssldium • 
 etue must be taken that no ba take place 
 liet' etn friends, danda opera est ne qtia 
 amicorum dissidia fianl. Clc. 
 
 breach ( I') ■• v. breach, «/6s.(i./n.). 
 bread : I. Baked food made of 
 flour: 1, panis. Is, m. (also used for 
 a single loaf : q. v.) : good, bad b., p. 
 l.)<jnus, malus. Sen.: capital ft., p. pul- 
 cherrimus, Hor. : s<co>id-iate ft., p. secun- 
 ' darius, Plin. (p. secundos, Hor.) ; p. 
 ■ cibarius, Cic ; p. jili-beius. Sen.: black 
 I (i. e. spoiled, mouldy) ft., p. ater, Ter. ; 
 p. sordidus. Sen. . dry, hard ft., p. siccus, 
 durus, Sen.: yesterday's (stale) b., p. 
 hestemus, Cels. ; p. vetu<, Piin.; the 
 crumb of ft., mollia panis, Plin. : the 
 crust of ft., crusia panis, Plin. • leavened 
 ft., p. femientatus, Cels. unleavened b., 
 p. sine fermento, Cels.: new ft., 'p. 
 recens : to make ft., panem facere, Plin.: 
 to bake ft., p. coqucre, Plin. : nature 
 requires (only) ft and vater, panem 
 et aquam natura desiderat. Sen. 2- 
 CC-rcs, eris,/. (/|'W.) : Virg. : Hor. ||. 
 Jleton. for sub," i.><en<e: victus, us: one's 
 daily b.. v. quotidianus, Cic. : to get 
 one's ft., sibi victuni quaerere, Phaedr. : 
 V. LivniG. Phr.: to take any Okie's b. 
 out of his mouth, aliquem ad famem 
 rejicere. Ter. 
 bread-basket: panarium: Suet. 
 
 Plin. 
 
 bread-pan (for bak-ing) clibanus 
 I'lm. 
 
 bread-making : panificium Varr 
 
 bre: d-nut ; *br6simum alliastrum. 
 
 bread-poultice : *cataplasnia panis. 
 
 bieadfruit-tree; *artocarpus in- 
 
 cisa. 
 
 breadth: \, Dimension from side 
 to side lalitudo- the b of a river, L 
 fluminis, Caes. . in ft., in latitudinem, 
 Caes. : a line is length v ithout ft., Iine^ 
 mentum est longitudo latitudme carena. 
 Cic. Phr.. a Jinger's b., digitus trans- 
 versus, Cic. : a nail's ft., unguis L, Cic. ■ 
 not to swerve a Jinger's b. from any- 
 thing, digitum transversum non disced- 
 ere ab aliqna re, Cic : same phrase 
 without transversum in Cic- see broad. 
 II. A portion of stuff composing a 
 dress: plagula. Varr. IJI. KIg. : of 
 exlensiitness of view : also of broad ef- 
 fects in painting: Phr,- his nrittngs 
 shoir great ft. of vieir, *scripta ejus 
 longe lafeque prospicientis animi sunt . 
 his paintings have elegance but want 6., 
 •scite quidem atque venuste (elegauter), 
 sed niniia qnadam siibtilitate pingit. 
 
 break t") A, Trans. ; I. 
 
 To divide forcibly : 1, frango, frSgi, 
 fractum, } • the golden ring n as bioken, 
 anulus aureus fractus est, Cic. : to b. a 
 dish, patinam f., Hor. to ft. an arm, 
 brachium f., Cic. : to 6. the necks of citi- 
 zens, cervices civium f., Cic. 2. con- 
 fringo, J (ft. in pi'ces, q. v.; 6. com- 
 pletely) -. to ft. the fingers, digltos c. Clc 
 
 3, diffringo, j (fare)- to ft. the legs 
 (in several places), crura d , PI. Suet. 
 
 4, infringo, j (prop, to b. npon 
 something ; rare) : to b. a pot about 
 anyone's head, aulam In caput (alicul) 
 in., PI. (fr.). 5. perfilngo, j (6. 
 through or tfioroughly) : the stone hav- 
 ing been broken, the lots sprang out, 
 perfracto saxo sortes erupere, Clc 6. 
 refringo, j (to b. back or ofjen) ■ to b. 
 off the point of a claw, mncronem un- 
 guis r., Plin. ; to b. off a bough (by 
 bending it), ramiim r., Virg. . v. to 
 BREAK OPES. 7, suffringo, J (to b. 
 below : hence esp of Ihe Ugs) : to 6. 
 anyone's shins, talosalicui s.,'l'l. : to 6. 
 anyone's Ugs. crura alicui s.. Clc. Phr. 
 to ft. one's head with a plank, caput tabula 
 dinimpere, PI. I'er. : the enemy brokr 
 grouiid before our camp, "hostes opera 
 pro castris nostris facere Instituerunt. 
 he pointed out inth broken and dying 
 
 9'
 
 BREAK ASUNDKK 
 
 BREAK OFF 
 
 BKEAK UPON 
 
 vxtds how great a stwm, threatened 
 the city, siguificabat iiiterruptis atque 
 morientibus vocibus quanta Impenderet 
 procella nrbi, Cic. ||. To vealcen, 
 lessen the force of, subdue : 1. frango, 
 } : I alone crushed and broke the auda- 
 city of the brigand, ego unus contudi et 
 fregi praedonis audaciam, Cic. ; v. to 
 ENFEEBLE. 2. infringo, j : to b. the 
 spirits of the enemy, anicnos hostium 
 inf., Liv. : that the first onset and vio- 
 lence of the soldiers might be broken, ut 
 primus incursns et vis militum infrin- 
 geretur, Caes. 3. refringo, ;: to b. 
 the force of a river, vim fluminis r., 
 Caes. : to b. the Achivi, Achivos r., Hor. 
 Phr. : he is b.ing his heart with grief, 
 moerore se conficit, Cic. • my son is 
 b.ing my heaii. with care and anxiety, 
 me cura et sollicitudine afBcit gnatus, 
 Ter. : to b. a fall, casum mitigare s. 
 leviorem reddere : / broke your fall, *te 
 cadentem except: the Suevi broke the 
 power of the f^bii, Suevi Ubios multo 
 humiliores inBrmioresque redegerunt, 
 Caes.: to 6. a bank, argentariam dlssol- 
 vere. Cic. |||. To violate, infringe: 
 1. frango, j . tob.a treaty, foedus f., 
 Cic. : to b.an engagement, fidem f., Cic. ; 
 Hor.: V. breach (II.). 2. vlolo, i-. 
 to b. treaties, foedera v., Liv.: to b. 
 faith, Bdem v., Ov. : v. to violate. 
 3. rumpo, riipi, niptum, j to 6. 
 treaties, foedera r., Cic. |y. to stoj), 
 interrupt: v. to break off. Phr.. 
 to b. silence, silentia voce rumpere. Ov. 
 / have not yet broken my fast, fames 
 adhuc mihi Integra est (cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 
 zo) : the maiden had broken her fast, 
 jejunia virgo solverat, Ov. . to b. a per- 
 son's rest, aliquem e.x somno excitare, 
 Cic. B. In trans. : |. To part, 
 separate : this sense may gen. be trans- 
 lated by the reflective lorms of the 
 Latin verbs given under (A.) : e. g. the 
 oars b., frangiinlur remi, Virg. ■ the 
 treacherous saord b.s, perfidus ensis 
 frangilur, Virg. : the black waterspout 
 b.s, niger arcus aquarum frangitur, Ov. 
 Phr.: my heart is ii.ixgr, dirumpor do- 
 lore, Cic. ||. To open : v. to burst. 
 Phr.: the cloud b.s, scindit se nubes, 
 Virg. III. To become bankrupt: ra- 
 tiones conturbare, Cic. |y. To decline 
 in health and vigour : dgfloresco, ui, j : 
 you kiiC'i' him 'vlien alreadi/ b.ing, eum 
 Jam deflorescenlem cognovisti, Cic. 
 Liv. Phr.: my strength is b.ing, me 
 vires deficere incipiunt, Cic. V. ^^ 
 daybreak: Phr.: day was b.-ing, dies 
 appetebat, Caes. • duy is already b.ing, 
 luciscit hoc jam, PI.: when day broke 
 they were found drad, ut dies illuxit, 
 mortui sunt reperii, Cic. : day was 
 already breaking when the C(msul gave 
 the signal. Jam dllucescebat, quum sig- 
 num consul dedit, Liv. 
 
 break asunder or in sunder : 1. 
 
 ruiupo, riipi. ruptnm, } to b. a bow as., 
 arcuni r., Phaedi. : to b. a keel as., cari- 
 nara r., Ov. : v. to burst. 2. *!"- 
 fringe, } : V. TO break (I. 3). 
 away : disjicio, dissipo : v. 
 
 TO dissolve, DISSIPATE. 
 
 down: |, Trans.: l.de- 
 
 Jicio, Jeci. Jectum. t . to b don-n a tower 
 (of a ballisia), turrim d., Auct. B. Hisp 
 Hor.: V. to o\kkthrow, demolish. 
 2. rescindo, scidi, sclssuni, 3 (prop. 
 to cut away) . to b. down a rampart, 
 vallum r. (scindere), Caes. : to b. donm 
 a bridge, pontem r., (also sclndere, 
 Tac), Caes. : Liv. 3. destruo, .\i, 
 
 ctum, J : to b. do'vn a na.lt, murum 
 d., Veg.: V. to demolish, destroy. 
 Phr.: to 6. down a bi-idge, pontem 
 rumpere, Liv. ; p. interrumpere, Caes. ; 
 p. iiiterscinderc, Caes.; p. solvere, Tac. 
 Fig., to 6. down the restraints of su- 
 perstition, relligionum nodos resolvere, 
 Liucr. : to b. down all distinctions, mis- 
 cere omnia, Cic. (v. to confuse) 
 broken down by misfortunes, calamita- 
 tibus fractus, Caes. . v. enfeebled, 
 WORN out. II. Intrans. : to fail, 
 in speaking, etc.: 1. haereo, haesi, 
 haesum, 2 (lit. to stick fast) : you. will 
 b. dawn over a great many oj the names 
 92 
 
 (i. e. in the attempt to explain them), in 
 mnltls norainibus h., Cic. ■ also, h. in 
 salebra, Cic. Fin. ;, 28, 84 : he preferred 
 to confess his fault rather than that the 
 authority of religion should b. down, 
 peccatum suum conHteri maluit, quam 
 haerere religionem, Cic. 2. offendo, 
 j: v. to FAIL. Phr.: to b. down under 
 fatigue, etc., laboribus frangi, conBci- 
 
 v. TO ENEEEBLE, WEAR OUT. 
 
 forth : i"tr- = erumpo : v. to 
 
 BREAK out. 
 
 in : to tame, horses, etc. 
 
 1. d6mo, ui, itura. i : to 6. in 
 oxen for the pjlough, tauros aratro d., 
 Col. : oxen easy to be broken in, ad do- 
 mandum proni boves, Varr. 2. sub- 
 igo, egi. actum, j : to b. in bullocks, 
 juvencos s.. Col. Phr.: there is little 
 trouble in bing them in, exiguus in do- 
 mitura labor eorum. Col. : oxen that are 
 thoroughly broken in, boves perdomitl. 
 Col.. • to b. in a bullock thorougldy to 
 the plough, juvencum aratro consuesc- 
 ere, Col. : v. also to beat in, cku.sh. 
 
 into: to effect anentrancemto 
 
 a house, etc. by /orce: 1. irrunipo, 3 
 (with or without a.prep.) . to b. into any- 
 one's house, domum alicujus ir., Caes. ; ir. 
 intra tecta, Sen. ; v. to burst in. 2. 
 introrumpo, j : to b. straight into a 
 house, int. recta in aedes, Pi. : Caes. 
 
 3, invado, si, sum, j (with ace. 
 or with prep, in): to b. into a city, 
 urbem in., Virg.; in urbem in., Virg. 
 Phr.: to b. into houses and rob on<'s 
 neighbours, parietes perfodere, vicinos 
 compilare, Cic. 
 
 in pieces : 1. comminuo, 
 
 ui, titimi,.} • to b. doors to pieces with 
 axes, foribus securibus c, PI. . to b. a 
 statue in pieces, statuam c, Cic. Ov. 
 2, niinuu, J (less freq. in this sense 
 than the comp. verb, and poet.): Ov 
 Stat. 3. confringo, fregi, actum, j 
 to b. in piece,-: pots, cups, aulas, calices 
 c, PI. ; swords broken in pieces by 
 swords, enses ensibus confracti, Lucan. 
 
 4. concido, cidi, cisum, j (prop, to 
 cut iu pieces) : to b. ships tii pieces, 
 naves c, Liv. Fig. : to b. up (speech) 
 into short clauses : Cic. 5. dirumpo, 
 i : to b. images in pieces, imagines d., 
 Tac. 
 
 loose : erumpo, j : an incre- 
 dible fury broke I. in my consulate, in- 
 credibilis furor in meo cunsulatu erupit, 
 Cic. v. to BREAK out. Phr. I broke 
 I., vincula rupi, Virg. : it (the bird) 
 broke I. from its flaxen bands, vincula 
 linea rupit, Virg. : v. to burst . he 
 broke I. from the hands of the soldiers, 
 se ex manibus militum eripuit, Cic. : a 
 calf broke I. from the hands of the offi- 
 ciating {priests), Vilnius e manibns sa- 
 crifirantium se proripuit, Liv, (comp. 
 Virg. A. 2, 22J). 
 
 off: A. Trans.: |. 
 
 t» detach a portion : 1. defringo, } 
 to b. off the branch of a tree, rannim 
 arboris d., Cic. : to b. off the iron head 
 from a spear, ferrum ab hasta d , Virg. 
 
 2. praelringo, ; (to b. off the point) 
 to b. off' the points of spears, hasias p., 
 Liv. : to b. off the beak of a trireme, tri- 
 remis rostrum p., Caes. 3, abruinpo, 
 ! . to b. the fetters off from Firithous, 
 vincula Pirithoo ab., Hor. 4. prae- 
 rumpo, J (similar to 2 ; only implying 
 a sudden breaking off): the cables nere 
 broken off, funes praerumpebantur, 
 Caes.. Ov. ||. To discontinue, put 
 an end to .- 1. rumpo, f. to b. off a 
 marriage, nupiias r., Hor. : to b. off 
 amours, ainores r., Virg. 2. »'> 
 rumpo. } : to b. off a conversation, ser- 
 monem ab., Virg. 3. dirumpo, } ; to 
 6. off friendships, amicitias d., Cic. 4. 
 Interrumpo, } : to b. off a conversation, 
 sermonem in.. Pl. : to b. off a custom, 
 consuetudlnem in., Cic. 5. dirimo, 
 emi, emptum, j : to b. off the union of 
 citizens, coiyunctionem civium d., Cic. : 
 to b. off a peoKe, pacem d., Liv. : to b. 
 off a conference, colloquium d., Caes. : 
 to b. off friendships, amicitias d., Tac. 
 
 6. praecldo, cidi, cisum, ?; to b. 
 off a Jfrieiidship, .xmicilismi p.. Cic (im- 
 
 plying a sudden rupture, OS. i, }i, i20>. 
 7. incido, cidi, cisum, j . to b. ojf 
 d conversation, sermonem in., Liv all 
 deliberation is broken off, inciditur om- 
 nia deliberatlo, Cic. B. Intr.: I. 
 To detach itself: expr. by pass, of 
 verbs given under (A.), as, the stalk b,s 
 off, caulis praefringitur, Cato. ||. To 
 cease suddenly: 1, praecido, j (06- 
 sd.) : Cic. : V. TO cot short, stop short. 
 
 2. subsisto, stitl, stitum, j ; she 
 (lit. her tongue) broke off in the midst 
 of her uords, substitit in medios lingua 
 sonos, Ov. 3. desino, sivi and sii, 
 situm, i (with some qualifying word, as 
 repente, subito) : v. to cease. (N.B. — 
 The effect of the Eng. verb may some- 
 times be conveyed by the use of such a 
 pluperfect as dixerat, Bnierat: comp. 
 Ov. Met. I J, 111.) 
 
 open : 1. refringo, j : to 
 
 b. open gates, portas r., Caes. . to b. open 
 a prison, carcerem r., Liv. 2. ef- 
 fringo, }■ to b. open a door, januam ef., 
 Cic. : to b. open a prison, carcerem ef., 
 Tac. : to b. open a box, cistam ef., Hor. 
 
 3. Rolvo, } (of letters, seals) : to b. 
 open a letter, epistolam s., Cic. : v. to 
 open. 
 
 out : 1. erumpo, j : they 
 
 b. out of the camp, ex castris erumpunt, 
 Caes. : fires b. out from the top of Etna, 
 ignes ex Aetiiae veriice e., Virg. : the 
 conspiracy had broken out from the 
 dark-ness, conjuratio ex tenebris erup- 
 erat, Cic. ; to b. out into every kind of 
 cruelty, in omne genus crudelitatis e.. 
 Suet. 2. prorumpo, } : that plague 
 will b. out, ilia pestis prorunipet, Cic. : 
 a fire had broken out, incendium pro- 
 ruperat, Tac. : to 6. out into threats, ad 
 minas p., Tac. 3, exorior, ortus, 4-: 
 a war b.s oat, bellum ex., Liv. : v. to 
 ARISE. 4. exardesco, arsi, arsum, } : 
 a war bn-oke out, bellum exarsit, Cic: 
 to b. out into a mutiny, in seditionem 
 ex., Liv. . to b. out into resentments, in 
 iras ex., Virg. 5. To b. out aneiv, as 
 an old sore: recriidesco, crudui, }: 
 fig.: the wounds which seemed to be 
 healed broke out anew, ilia quae con.. 
 saiiuisse videbantur r., Cic. : Sen. 
 
 up: I. 5fV) break in pieces 
 
 (q. V.) . 1. frango, j : to b. up a clod, 
 glebam f., Virg. 2, solvo, j: to 6. 
 up a ship, navem s., Ov. 3. dissolve, 
 5 : to b. up a ship, navigium d., Cic. 
 Phr.: to b. up land, arva subigere, 
 Virg. terras vomere imbuere, Ov ||, 
 To put an end to, to dismiss : 1. 
 solvo, J : Tarqain broke up the custom 
 if consulting the senate, Tarquinius rno- 
 rem senatum consulendi solvit, Liv. 
 2. disciitio, cussi, cussnm, } : to b. 
 up a council, consilium d., Liv.: v. to 
 DISMISS. Phr.: to b. up an army, eii- 
 ercitum dimittere, Caes. : v. to dis- 
 band. III. Intr.. to go to pieces ; to 
 separate ; to leave a position : Phr.: the 
 ship has bro'.en up, navigium dissolutum 
 est, Cic. the sharp frost b.s up, solvitur 
 acris hiems, Hor. : the council b.s up, 
 consurgiiur ex consilio, Caes. : next day 
 the aiemy b. up (i e. leave their posi- 
 tiim), postero die hostes castra movent, 
 Caes. : we ■ihall b. up to-morrow (of a 
 school), *ci-as nobis feriae incipient : v. 
 
 to separate, DISBAND. 
 
 tlirough: |. Lit.: 1. 
 
 rumpo, J (prop, to burst ; of force ex- 
 erted /?(»n. within)- V. TO BREAK ASUN- 
 DER. 2. perrumpo, }: to b. through 
 a threshold with an axe, limina bipenni 
 p., Virg. : to b. through a rib, costam p., 
 Cels. 3. perlringo, ; : to b. through 
 gates, portas p., Lucan : to b. through 
 walls, nuiros p., I'ac. : to b. through the 
 main body of the enemy, phalangem 
 hostium p., Caes. ||. Fig.: to violate 
 laws, treaties, etc. : 1. viSlo, 1 : v. 
 TO VIOLATE. 2, rumpo, frango: v. 
 
 TO BREAK (III.) 
 
 upon : Intr.- of waves, etc. ; 
 
 to dash against : Phr.: the windt b, 
 upon the threshold, frangunt se in li- 
 mine venti, Val. Flacc. : the ivave bj 
 ufwn the shallows, frangitur unda vadio, 
 Ov.
 
 BREAK WITH 
 
 BREATHE U I' O N 
 
 BREED 
 
 break with : i. e. to come to a -rup- 
 ture with : dissideo : v. to quarkf.l, be 
 AT VAR[ANCF. WITH. P h T. : Scipio had 
 broken with /'ompey, Scipio ab amicitia 
 Pompeii se removerat, Cic. 
 
 break (su^w.)' I. -^w interrup- 
 
 tion : expr. Iiy verb : locus intermissus, 
 interruplus; qui patet, etc. ||. An 
 
 instrument upplii'd to carriage wheels 
 to sU>p their nuition : sufflamen : he. 
 confines the vhreh by a ponerful b., 
 rotam aslriUKit niulio s., juv : Priid. 
 Ill, Break of day: dilficulum : v. 
 
 DAV-IIUKAK. 
 
 breakage: fractara: v. fractcre, 
 
 BREAKISO. 
 
 breaker : I. One who breaks : 1, 
 ruptor. the b. of a treaty, foederis r., 
 Liv. : 'lac. : v. \ iolatok. Or expr. 
 by verb, as, the b. of a door, qui fores 
 effringit, Cic. 2. iloniitor (a tamer), 
 a b.of horses, equoriim d., Cic: Viig 
 II, A ivaie brolctn against any ob- 
 stacle : fluctus a saxo fraclus, Cic. Fam. 
 9, 16. 
 
 breakfast (««(>«.) •■ 1, jentaculum : 
 PI. ; Marl. : Sui-t. 2. praiidlum (a 
 kind of lunch) . to cook a b., p. coquere. 
 PI. . to invite anyone to b., aliquem ad 
 p. inviiare, Cic. to get up to b., ad p. 
 surgere. Suet. ; my wife is calling vie to 
 b., ad p. uxor me vocat, PI. 
 
 breakfast (v.) -. l, jento, i Suet ■ 
 Mart 2, prandco, di. sum, 2 (v. 
 BREAKFAST, subs.): PI.: Cic. : to b. on 
 nightingales, lusclnias p., Hor. 
 
 breaking (subs.)- l. fractura; 
 
 the b.of a bone, ossis f., Cels. 2. do- 
 mitus, us (the b. in of animals) . Ci«. 
 3. domitura (i. q. domitus) Col. ? 
 Plin. 4. interrupilo (a b. off, in dis- 
 course): Quint. 5. emp\Ui (a b. out ; 
 med. (. t.) : Pliu. 6, dissftlutio (a b. 
 up)- the b. up of a ship, navigii d., 
 Tac. ! the b. up of an empire, imperii 
 d., Tac. 
 
 break-water ; 1. munitio ac 
 moles lapidnm ; moles lapiduni in man 
 structa, or fluclibus opposita . cf. Cic. 
 Verr. 4, j;, ii8. 2. structura s. ag- 
 ger: Vitr. 12, 5, 2. 3, Pilii: Virg. 
 
 bream : 1. *abraniis, brania : 
 
 M.I^ 2. *brama blicea : M.L. 
 
 breast (subs.) -. \. The organ that 
 secretes milk: 1. mamma, mammilla, 
 or niimilla: to give the b. to a child, 
 pnero mammam dare, PI. : Cic. (in 
 medical writers mamma is the breast of 
 females; mammiWa of males- Mayne.). 
 2. fiber, 6ris, ?i. (when full of milk): 
 milky b.s, lactea n., Virg. ■ his oivn 
 mother nourishes every (child) with her 
 b.s, sua quemque mater uberibus alit, 
 Tac. 3 papilla (poet.) ■ Cat. : Virg. 
 II, The upper and front part (if the 
 body; also, the cavity situated behind 
 it: 1, pectus, Oris, n. . Ov. ■ Cels. 
 PUn. Vhr. having a broad or full b., 
 peotorosns: Plin. Col. 2, praecordia, 
 orum : the breath remaining in the b., 
 spiritii remanente in praeconiiis. Liv. 
 V. C1IF.ST. III. The feelings : 1. 
 pectus : he soothes their grieving b.s, 
 moerentia p. mulcet, Virg : pure b.s, 
 p. casta. Ov. 2. praecordia : at times 
 valour retum.<! into the b. even if the con- 
 quered, quondam etlam victis ledit in 
 p. virtus, Virg. : Hor. : v. bosom, heart. 
 
 breast ("•) : P h r. . Ae courageously 
 bj the wai-es, *rortiter pectus (pectora) 
 fluctibus opponit; fliictus adverso pec- 
 tore e.\eipit: V. TO FACE. 
 
 breast-bone : 1. os pectoris ■ 
 Cels. 2, pectOrale os- Cels. 3. 
 •sternum (from tlie Greek) frequentlj' 
 used by mi>dem medical writers. 
 
 breast-plate: 1. lorica: Oc. 
 
 Liv.: V. CORSLET. 2. thorax, acis, 
 VI. : Liv. . Virg. 3. pectOrale, is, n. : 
 Van-.. Plin. 
 
 breast-pump : *antUa mammaria 
 (Mayne). 
 
 breast-work : 1. lorica Caes. 
 Tac Dimin. lorlcilla, o low b. .- Hirt. 
 Veg. 2. pluteus (less freq. pluteum) . 
 Caes. ■ Veg. 
 
 breath r j. The air taken into 
 and expelled from the lungs ; also, the 
 
 act of respiration : 1, spiritus, us* 
 to draw b., s. ducere, also, animara 
 spiritu ducere, Cic: to receive a son's 
 last b.. filii postremum s. excipere, Cic. . 
 to take b., s. colligere. Quint.: to be 
 fetching <mes last b., i. e. expiring, 
 trahere exiremum s., Phaedr. to utter 
 a sentence in a single b., complexionem 
 verborum uno s. volvere, Cic. K i g. 
 the b. nf the N. uind, Boreae s., Virg. 
 
 2. aiiima (esp. in poet.) . / stopped 
 my b., a. compress!, Ter.: to hold one's 
 b., a. continere. Cic. (t«nere, Ov.) to 
 take b., a. reciprocarc, Liv. : the passage 
 of the b.. Iter animae, Cic. : badness of 
 b., animae cravitas, Plin.: v. also air. 
 
 3. afflatus, us (6. directed upon 
 some object) : Ov. : Stat. Fig.: the b. 
 of the It', wind. af. Favonii, I'lin. 4. 
 halitus, lis (e.sp. hard or bad o.) . bad- 
 ness of b. from the lungs, a pulmotie 
 graveolentia halitus, Plin. : for Uie pur- 
 pose of improving Ote b., commendandi 
 h. gratia, Plin. : v. fcmes. 5. anhe- 
 lltus, lis (prop, a hurried or difficult 
 b.. sliortness of b.) : to take b., an. re- 
 clpere, PI. : the dry b. came from his 
 weary -mouth, aridus a lasso veniebat 
 an. ore, Ov. Pb r. : out of b. with run- 
 ning, exanimatus cursu, Caes. ||, 
 Life: 1, anima : while a sick man 
 has b. there is said to be hoyie, aegroto 
 dum a. est, spes esse dicitur, Cic: v. 
 LIFE. 2. spiritus: to take au ay any- 
 one's b., spirituni alicui auferre.Cic; to 
 give up one's b., s. reddere. Veil. |||, 
 Breeze : q. v. 
 
 breathe: A. Intrans. : |, 
 To respire, be alive : 1. spire, i ; 
 they cannot even b. without fear, ne s. 
 quidem sine metu possunt, Cic. . Cati- 
 line was found still b.ing a little, Cati- 
 lina repertus est, paululum etiam spi- 
 rans. Sail. Fig.: the mind of Laelius 
 seems to be still b.ing in his wi-itings, 
 videtur Laelii mens s. etiam in scrtptis, 
 Cio. : the b.ing (i. e. life-like) statues, 
 spirant ia signa, Virg. 2. respire, i • 
 those II ho are sunk in water cannot b., 
 qui deniersi sunt in aqua r. non possunt, 
 Cic. . power to b., respirare potestas, 
 Virg. : Juv. Ph r. - to b., spiritum duc- 
 ere, animam spiritu ducere, Cic; spi- 
 ritum trahere, Phaedr. ||. To pause, 
 
 rest : v. TO BREATHE AGADi. B. 
 
 Trans. : |, To draw into and expel 
 frrmi the lungs : P h r. : loe b. the air, 
 aerem spiritu ducimus, Cic. - the u-ind- 
 pipe b.s back the air from the lungs, 
 aspera aneria animam a pulmonibus r, 
 Cic. could I any longer b. the common 
 air ? auram communem haurire ani- 
 plius potui ? Quint. . to b. the vital air, 
 auras vitales carpere, Virg. ||. To 
 exluile (q. v.) : spiro, i ; her locks b.'d a 
 dimne odour, comae divinum odorem 
 spiiavere. Virg. |||. To express, mani- 
 fest (q. V.) ; 1. anhelo, i (implying 
 violence) to b. out wickedness, scelus 
 an., Cic. 2. spiro. i . toft. uar. hel- 
 ium s., Lucr. : to 6. love, amores s., Hor. 
 IV, To utter softly : v. to whisper. 
 
 again (i- e. take breath or 
 
 heart anew) -. respiro, l .to b. again after 
 repeated disasters, r. a continuis cladi- 
 bjs, Liv.: to b again of ter fear r a 
 metu, Cic. : / shall l>. again if I see you, 
 respirabo si te viJeru, Cic. PI. 
 
 in or into : 'uspii-o, i : v. 
 
 TO INSPIRE. 
 
 out : 1. exspiro, i : to 
 
 6. out a stream of blood from the breast, 
 flumen sanguinis de pectore ex., Lucr. 
 to b. out flames, ilammas ex., Virg. 2. I 
 spiro, I (poet.) oxen b.ing out flames, 
 flammas spirantes hoves, l.,iv. ;" Virg. 
 
 V. also lO BREATHE (UL). 3. efflo, 
 
 I - they b. out fires from their mouth and 
 nostrils, Ignes ore et naribus efflant, 
 Ov. : to b. out on^s life, i. e. to die, ani- 
 mam ef., Cic. 4. proflo, \ -. to b. out 
 flames, flammas p, Ov. 5. exhalo, 
 I orifices b.ing out flame, splramenta 
 flammam exhalantia, Ov. ; to b. out life, 
 i. e. to die, viiam ex., Virg. 
 
 upon : 1, aspire, l : that 
 
 cold may not h. upoti him, ut ne ad eum 
 frigus aspiret, Cels. \'irg. 2, afHo, 
 
 t (stronger than aspiro : to blow upon), 
 as if Canidia had b.'d upim them, velat 
 illis Canidia affla.-set, Hor.; to 6. per- 
 fumes on anyone, odores alicui af.. Prop. 
 
 breathing (su'j") I. The act tf 
 
 breathing 1, aspiratio living crea- 
 
 tures are supported by the b. of air, ani- 
 mantes aspiratioiie aeris sustinentur, 
 Cic. 2. spiritus, us- air drawn in 
 by b. nourishes and sujjmts livivg 
 beings, aer spiritu ductus alit et bus- 
 tentat animanies, Cic. : Ov. 3_ re- 
 spiratio: Cic: I'lin. 4, Or expr. by 
 gerund, etc : v. to bhkatme. |j. 
 Gram. t. t. : 1. aspirillo : Cic. ' 
 
 Quint. 2. spiritus the rough i., s. as- 
 per. Prise. : the smooth b., s. lenis. Prise 
 breathing-hole : spiraculum . v. 
 
 AlK-HOLF., \ ENT. 
 
 breathing-time : l- e. time or space 
 
 to recover from fear or oOier agitation : 
 Phr. : to have (a moment's) b. from 
 anything, (punctum temporis, Cic) ab 
 allqua re respirare, Liv.: Veil.: the .Va- 
 gunlines hait hwi a Jew days b.. Sagim- 
 tini a proeliis quietem per aliquot dies 
 habuerant. Liv. : v. resitte. 
 
 breathless : 1. exanimis, e, or 
 e.xanimus. a, um: ab. corpse, ex. corpus. 
 Quint.; Virg.: v. lifeless. Fig.: of 
 extreme fear, etc. : 6 with par, mett: 
 ex., Hor. : Virg. 2. exanimatus : v. 
 lifeless, dead. Fig.: my nifc b. 
 (with alarm), ex. uxor, Cic: b. with 
 alai-m, ex. metu, Ter. ■ Curt. - v. also 
 breath (l.fin.) 
 
 bred: imtritus: b. at Thebes or Ar- 
 gos. Thebis n. an Argis, Hor.- esp. in 
 the compounds, well-bred, thorough- 
 bred: q. V. 
 
 breech (•<«'>«.): anus: niites: dunes: 
 V. buttock, FL-NDAMENT. Phr.. the b. 
 of a gun, *.sclopeti pars inferior. 
 
 breeches : 1. bracae or braccae, 
 arum (</(»; loo.te trousers of Celtic na- 
 tions) : Prop. : Tac. P b r. - natiims that 
 wear b., nationes bracatae. Cic. ; a sol- 
 dier wearing b., bracatus miles. Prop. 
 2. feminalia, ium (draners. q. v.): 
 Suet.. Hor. Phr.: to take tlie b. from 
 ahighlarulman, nude vestimenta dctrah- 
 ere, PI. As. i, i, 79. 
 
 breed (f-)- A. Trans.: |. 
 
 To engender, give birth to : 1, parle, 
 pepgri, p.irtum, j : rotten wood b.s mag- 
 gots, ligna putrefacla vermiculos p, 
 Lucr. • the earth bred other animals 
 spontaneously, cetera tellus animalia 
 sponte sua peperit, Ov. : v. to beget. 
 K i g. • truth b.s hatred, Veritas odium 
 p., Ter.: V. TO proulce. 2. genfro, 
 I . such a monster as Africa b.s, quale 
 portentum g. Africa tellus, Hor. germg 
 b.ing green frogs, semina virides gener- 
 antia ranas, Ov. Fig.- to 6. strife, 
 litem g.. Quint. : v. also inf. (B.). 3. 
 gigno V. TO beget. 4. precreo v. 
 TO ENGENDER, BEOET. Phr.- we may 
 see ivorvis bred from dung, videre licet 
 vivos exsistere vermes de stercore, 
 Lucr. II, To raise a breed : 1, 
 alo, alui, j to 6 horses, equos a., Ter. : 
 they b. these animals for the purpose of 
 amusement, haec animalia alunt anlmi 
 causa, Caes. - v. to rear. 2. pasco, 
 pavi, pastum, j (lit to feed) . to b. fleeced 
 (small) stock, pecus lanare p., \'arr. to 
 b. horses, equos p., Virg. B. In- 
 trans.: I. Til engender: 1. con- 
 ciplo, cepi, ceptum. j : v. to conceive. 
 2. f5to, I : ducks b. in marshes, 
 anates in paludibus f.. Col. 3. ef^nero, 
 I : the she-ass has begun to b., asina g. 
 coepit, Plin. ||, To have birth : 1. 
 na.scor, natus, ; : liees b.from the putrid 
 entrails, de putri viscere nascuntur 
 apes, Ov. : gnats b. in Uie Jig-tree, in 
 fico culices nascuntur, Plin. 2. pr*- 
 venTo, veni, 4 - muscles b. in sandy 
 places, mituli in aren(R-is p., Piin. 3, 
 gignor, genitus, } . Uiere is nothing but 
 irhat b.s in the sea, nihil non g. in mari, 
 Plin. 
 
 breed (.«-u6».) : 1. sSmlnlum : fe- 
 males of good b., feminae t)oni s., Varr. • 
 a good b. of asses, asinonmi s. bonum, 
 Varr. . Lucr. 2. g6nus, gris. n ; b,t 
 qf wild cattle, genera pecudum folU- 
 
 93
 
 B R£K D E K 
 
 B K I D r. E 
 
 BIIIGANDAGE 
 
 rum, Varr. v. kind, race. 3. gens, 
 gentis, /. (poet.) Virg. : Ov. Phr. . 
 the best b.s of oxen have an tLglij head, 
 optima forma bovis cui turpe caput, 
 Virg. ; cattle of good b., generosum pe- 
 cus, Virg. 
 
 breeder : \. the female that pro- 
 duces : matri.x. Ids, /. (i.) of a coiv : 
 Varr. (ii.) of a eve: Col. (iii.) of a 
 hen : Col. (It may also be expressed by 
 the adj. feta qualifying the sub>tantive ; 
 but this is usu. said of afemalf that, has 
 recevthj given birth to offfprivg : I'lin. 
 Virg.) II. One %vho devotes attention 
 to the rearing of any kind of animal : 
 gengrator: a b. of horses, g. equorum, 
 Virg. Phr. he had a great reputation 
 as a b. of the best sheep, *magnam 
 cepit gloriam ex studio o\ium opli- 
 maruni aUndarum. 
 
 breeding (o'/j-) : feia . v. breeder. 
 
 breeding (sabs.) |, The act or 
 time of generating : fetura : an age fit 
 for b.', aetas feturae habilis, Virg. • dur- 
 ing b. lime, in fetura, Varr. ||. The 
 raising of a breed : seminatio . Varr. 
 Ill, Foi-mution of manners ; also 
 manners : v. fddcation, makners. 
 Phr.: ^ood 6., hiinianitas . those things 
 are ivri/ inconsistent with good b., ea 
 mullum ab h. discrepant, Cic. : v. re- 
 finement, POLITENESS. 
 
 breeze ("»«*"s«''0' oestrus v.gadflt. 
 
 breeze (q/" "'iwJ); 1. aura- the 
 
 night b., tioclurna a., Caes. Fi g. : a little 
 b. of rumour, parva a. rumoris, Cic. : the 
 b. nf popular favour, a. popularis, Cic. : 
 Hot. 2. flatus, its- the sails moved 
 by a favouring b., f. secundo carbasa 
 mota. Ov. : Virg. Fig.: we are enjoy- 
 ing the propitious b. of jortune, pros- 
 pero f. foriunae utimur. Cic. 3. ani- 
 ma Cmostly poet.) ■ Thracian b.s, a. 
 Thraciae, Hor. 4, spiritus, iis: Sen. 
 breezy: ventosus- v. windv. 
 
 breviary: I. -'l" ahridgi-ment, 
 
 epitome: q. v.: epitOme : summarium: 
 brgvTariuni. ||. A manual of prayers, 
 •brevlarium : M.L. 
 
 brevity: \. Slimtness : q. v. II. 
 Conciseness (of language) ; 1. bre- 
 vitas : ^vhen there is no supertluons 
 word, it is to he called b., b. appcllanda 
 est, quum verbum nullum redundat, 
 Cic: the (peculiar) b. of Sallust, ilia 
 Sallustiana b., Quint. 2. brevil6- 
 quentia: Cic. ap. Gell. Phr.: / desire 
 b. of speech, fieri dictis compendium 
 volo, PI. 
 
 brew: A. Trans.: j. To 
 
 malce brer : *cerevisiam coquere ; or ex 
 hordeo corrupto conficere (cf. i'ac. G. 
 2!). II. To mix: q. v. |||. To 
 contrive, plot, hatch: q. v. Phr.: see 
 what mischief the n-oman is b.ing, vide 
 quod inceptet (meretrix) facinus, Ter. . 
 don't you see what mtschitf you are 
 breu-ing r Hon vides quantum mali con- 
 cites .> I'er. B. In trans.- Phr.: 
 We maid-servant b.s famoiisly, *ancilla 
 cerevisiam scite conficit : a tempest is 
 b.ing in the vest, ab occidente (sole) 
 tempestas exciiaiur s. conciiatur (cf. 
 Auct. Har. Kesp. 5. 4; and Cic. Mur. IT 
 }6) there is some mischief b.ing. *ne- 
 sclo quid mali concinnatur, paratur (cf. 
 Phaedr. 2, 4./'«.) . see supr. (A. fat.). 
 
 brewer ; *cerevisiae coctor. 
 
 brewhouse : * aedificlum ad cere- 
 visiam coquendam exstructum. 
 
 brewing (s«te.): *cerevisiae coc- 
 tura 
 
 briar, wild : *rosa canina : M. L. 
 
 bribe (s»6.v.) : pretium to be induced 
 by a b. to condemn a man, pretio adduci 
 ad hominem condemnandum, Cic. : to 
 corrupt a jun/man by a b., pretio ju- 
 dicem corrnmpere, Cic. (N.B. — Any 
 Latin word signiiying money, reward, 
 etc., may in certain connexions be used 
 V. TO BUI BE, BRiBKRv.) Phr.: they ac- 
 cused us of taking a b., nos pecuniae 
 captae arcessebanl, Cic. 
 
 bribe ('■•) ■ 1. largtor. 4 (prop, to 
 give prqfuselii) to procure great means 
 for b.ing, facoltates ad larglendum 
 magnas comparare, Caes. : to become 
 poptilar by b.ing vith other men's 
 94 
 
 money, largiendo de alieno popularem 
 fieri, Liv. 2. corrumpo, rupi, rup- 
 tum, J (usu. with some defining word, 
 as pecunia, pretio, auro, etc.) . the jury- 
 man is b.d, judex (irelio corrumpitur, 
 Cic. . there nere some who had lieen b.d, 
 fuere qui auro cornipti essent. Sail. ; Ju- 
 gurtlia b.s the king's nearest relations, 
 Jugurtha regi proximos donis c. Sail.. 
 I will b. his slaves, muneribus servos 
 corrumpam, Hor. P li r. . to attempt to 
 b. a court of justice, judicium pecunia 
 tentare, Cic. : he directed his ambassa- 
 liors to attempt to b. everyone, legatis 
 praecepit omnes mortales pecunia ag- 
 grediantur. Sail. - similarly, spe ot pretio 
 soUiciiare, Cic: the multitude is easily 
 b.d, multitudo pretio venalis est, Liv. • 
 not to be b.d, integer, incorruptus: v. 
 
 INCORRUPTIBLE. 
 
 briber: 1. corruptor: Cic Suet. 
 2. divisor {an agent employed to 
 distnbute the bribes) : Cic. ; Suet. 3. 
 largitoi : Cic. 
 
 bribery : 1. ambitus, fls (of 
 voters for public offices; including all 
 kinds of illegal canvassing) - to accuse 
 a man of b.. honiim-m ambitus (de amb.) 
 ac cusare, Ci : a man found guilty of 
 b., vir ambitus daiuiiatus, Cic. . a law 
 respecting b., ambitus (de a., Suet.) lex, 
 Cic. 2. ojrruplela he said that pro- 
 fuse expenditure vas b., largitionem c. 
 dixit esse, Cic. v. coruvpiion. 3. 
 largitio (profuse b.) ■ to corrupt a tribe 
 by disgraceful b., tribum turpi 1. ct>r- 
 rumpere, Cic. Sail. 4. rcdenipiio 
 (i. e. buying a verdict, etc ) the b. of a 
 court of law, judicii r., Cic. I'br. : to 
 endeavour to prevail over anyone by b., 
 aliquem pecunia sollicltare, Cic. : v. to 
 bribe ( fin.). 
 
 brick (sttbs.) : 1. later. Bris, m. ■ 
 the city was built of b.s or rough stone, 
 urbs ex latere autcaemento etfecta est, 
 Cic. : to make b.s, lateres ducere, facere, 
 parare, Vitr. ; I. fingere, Plin. : to dry 
 b.s, 1. arefacere, Vitr. . to bake b^, 1. 
 coquere, Vitr. : to lay 6.s, 1. struere, 
 Caes.; a burnt or unburnt b., coctus I. 
 sive crudus, Vitr. Hence, a half b., 
 semlliter, Vitr. Dimin. latercalus, 
 a small b., Caes. t Plin. 2. 'esta 
 {earthenware in general . v. jar) Cato : 
 Vitr. 
 
 brick (cdj.) ■ 1. lateitclus : b. 
 walls, I. muri, Caes. ■ b. shrines, 1. cel- 
 lae, Vitr. 2. testacgus: o b. struc- 
 ture, t. structura, Vitr. Plin. 
 
 brick-bat: 1. "lateris fragmen 
 s. frustum. 2. testa (of broken 
 
 pieces of eartlienn are) . Ov. - Tac. 
 
 brick-clay ">" earth: terra later- 
 aria Plin. 
 brick-kiln: laterarla Plin. 
 brick-layer: laiernm structor; or 
 perhaps, structor (alone) Cic. 
 brick-maker: latfranus: Non. 
 brick-making: latenna: Tert. 
 brick-work: lalerlcium; or opus 
 latenciuui Caes. . Vitr. 
 
 bridal (subs.): nuptlae v. mar- 
 riage, WEDDING. 
 
 bridal (^'j-) •• 1. nuptialis, e : 
 
 b. ijifts, n. dona, Cic. : v. nuptial. 2. 
 pronubus (poet.) a b. torch, p. flamma, 
 Claud. Phr.: a b. veil, flammeum : 
 .Juv. . Plin. a b. bed, genialis lectus, 
 Cic; g. torus, Virg.: v. -wedding. 
 
 bridal-chamber: thalamus: Virg.: 
 
 Cat. 
 
 bride: 1. nupta or nova nupta 
 (just mai-ried) : Ter. - Ov. 2. sponsa 
 (about to be married) : PI. : o weeping 
 b , flebilis s., Hor. 
 
 bride-cake ; mustacgus, or -um : 
 Cato : Juv 
 
 bride-groom : 1. maritus, or nSvus 
 maritus Qust mai-ried) : PI.: amaidm 
 conducted to her young b.. juveni virgo 
 deducta marito, Ter. 2, sponsus (be- 
 trothed : q. V.) Cic. : Hor. 
 
 bridesmaid : proniiba : Cat. ; Stat. 
 
 bridesman: 1. auspex nuptia- 
 rura : Cic. 2. paranymphus Aug. 
 
 bridewell : v. prison. 
 
 bridge (subs.) : pons, pontis, m. : 
 to make a b. over a rii:er, pontem in 
 
 flnmine facere, faciendum curare, Caea. i 
 flumen ponte Jungere, Liv. : to make a 
 b. of twats, pontem navibus eflBcere, 
 Tac. - to break don-n a b., p. interscin- 
 dere, Cic. ; p. rescitidere, Caes. : v. to 
 break down. Dimin. pontictilus, a 
 small b.: Cic. Cat. Phr.. the toll 
 taken at a b., pontaticum, Anmi. : a 6.- 
 master, *pontis curator . the b. of the 
 nose. *pars nasi superior : the b. of a 
 violin, *fidium jugum (Georg.). 
 
 bridge (i'-)-- Ponte jungo, pontem 
 facio, etc. : v. bridge. 
 
 bridle (subs.) : 1, frenum : pi. -i 
 and -a : strictly bit, curb : q. v. Fig.: 
 to put a b. on anyone's madness, alicui 
 frenos furoris iiyicere, or, adhibere, Cic. 
 (N.B. -Not dare ; which is to give the 
 reins, i. e. relax them). 2. lorum 
 (e.'ip. poet.) . to lead horses by their 
 b.s, equss loris ducere, Liv. : Virg. Ov. 
 3. habena: v. reins. 
 bridle (>'■)■• 1. freno, l (rare in 
 pro.se except fig.): to b. dragons (i.e. 
 put a bridle on them), dracones f, Ov. . 
 a caparisoned and b.d horse, instructuis 
 frenatusque equus, Liv. Fig-: to b. 
 anyone's fury, alicujus furores f., Cic. : 
 to b. pleasures, voluptates f., Liv. 2. 
 infreno, i . to b. a horse, equum inf., 
 Liv.: Virg. (v rare in fig. sense). 3. 
 frenos impono, injicio: v. to put on. 
 (For fig. sense, see also to curb, rb- 
 strain.) 
 
 bridler (rare) : frenator . Stat. 
 brief (adj.). l. brevis, e: 6. en- 
 joyment, b. fructus, Lucr. • a b. narra- 
 tive, b. narratio, Cic. / strive to be b., 
 I become obscure, b. esse laboro, obscu- 
 rus fio, Hor. 2, angustus- used by 
 Cic. as antithesis to dilatatus, i. e. ex- 
 panded, diffuse : v. com pre.ssed, con- 
 cise, terse. Phr.: / will be very b. 
 with you, compendi verba multa faciam 
 tibi, PI. : to be brief (as parenthetical 
 clause), ne longum sit, Cic; ne longum 
 faciam, Hor. ; ne multa or ne multis, 
 Cic. ; quid quaeris, Hor. Kp. i, 10, 8. 
 brief (subs.) : j. a despatch : q. v. 
 II. An outline of a legal case: causae 
 commenUirius; brevisannotatio ; libelli: 
 Quint. 10, ■;, jo, 51 (where however the 
 expressions mean notes made by the ad- 
 vocate himself). Phr.: to be engageA 
 with one's first b., primam causam s. 
 advocationem agere : he did not get a 
 single b., 'nemo omnium eum ad causam 
 suam defendendam advocavit, eum causae 
 suae patronum habuit . he failed over hit 
 first b.. quam primam suscepit causam, 
 in ea offendii, v. to fail. 
 
 briefless: only facete: a b. barris- 
 ter, *sine clientibus patronus. 
 
 briefly: 1. brevTt«r- to speak b. 
 and aplly, b. et commode dicere, Cic. : 
 as 6. OS / could, quam brevissime potui, 
 Cic. . very b., perbreviter, Cic. 2. 
 
 paucis (lit. in few words): to speak as 
 h. as possible, quam paucissimis dicere. 
 Sail.; Ter. 3. strictira: v. cdrso- 
 RiLY. 4. anguste, presse (signifying 
 compression of matter into few words ; 
 whereas breviier and paucis denote only 
 the use of few words) v. tersely, com- 
 pass, IN SMALL (phr.). Phr. to treat 
 of anything 6., aliqnid brevi praecidere, 
 percurrere, Cic. (but brevi is here an 
 abl., and signifies within a short time or 
 limits); aliquid in pauca, paucissima 
 confcrre, PI. 
 
 briefness : v. brevity. 
 
 brier : •• e. prop, the dog-rose bush; 
 r5sa canina (cyno>batos, Plin.) ; but ge- 
 nerally ^braTObie: q. V. 
 
 brig : *navis duobus malls instructa. 
 
 brigade: I. Of infantry: legio, 
 onis, /. : Caes. (the Roman legion con- 
 tained about as many troops as the 
 modern infantry b., and like the latter, 
 it was complete in itself, and capable of 
 independent action). ||. Of cavalry: 
 (?) turma equitum : Caes. : v. troop. 
 
 brigadier: trlbunus: Caes. (Prob. 
 the nearest word : v. Diet. Ant. p. 
 503, a.) 
 
 brigand: 1. latro; Caes.: Gicw 
 2. latrunciilus: Cic: v. bandit. 
 
 brigandage : 1. latroclnium (the
 
 B R 1 (J A .N r I N K 
 
 U IS 1 N G 
 
 B 1< 1 N G BA CK 
 
 practice)- Caes.: Cic. 2. latroclna- 
 tio (a particular act) : Pliri. To be tii- 
 gaged in b., latiociiior, I I'l. ; Cic. 
 
 brigantine: 1. libunm (a liyht 
 
 galley) : Caes. : Hor. 2. liburnica 
 (= i; : Suet. : Plin. 
 
 bnght : I. shining, lustrous : 
 
 1. clarus (the most general term : 
 V. ci.KAR): a i». star, c. Stella, Cic. : very 
 b. jends, clarissimae gemmae, Cic. . o 
 wreath b. with gold and gems, c. auru 
 gemniisque corona, Ov. \'tn-y b., prae- 
 clarus : Lucr. 2. liicidus (usu. of 
 that which shines with a calm, lustre): 
 b. stars, 1. sidera, Hor. : Vitr. : a b. gem, 
 1. gemma, Ov. \'ery b., perlucidus (also 
 pellucidus) : a very b. star, p. stella, 
 Cic. (more usu. in sense of transparent : 
 q. V.) 3. spleiididus: stronger than 
 
 lucidUS : V. GLITTKBING, BKILLIANT. 
 
 4. nitidus (prop, only of that which 
 is externally bright or beaming) : b. 
 ivory, n. ebur, Ov. ; 6. shining hair. n. 
 caesaries, Virg. : v. gleaming. 5. 
 oandidus (bright-a-hite, shining) : b. 
 stars, c. stellae, Lucr. • the b. moon, c. 
 luua, Virg. . v. whitk. 6. fulgidus 
 (^flashing : q. v.) : Lucr. To the above 
 may bo added the participial adjectives, 
 lucens, fulgens, splendens, iiiiens, am- 
 dens concerning the difference between 
 which, see to shinb, shining, Phr. : 
 6. (lively) eyes, vegeti ocull. Suet, (ni- 
 tentes uculi in Virg., is rather used with 
 ref to their shining with tears) : to be 
 b., nitere, fulgere, splendcre, etc. : v. to 
 SHINK : to become b., claresco, Tac. r Sen. ; 
 splendesco, Virg.: Ov. ; nitesco, Virg. : 
 Plin. ; V. TO BRIGHTEN . to keep a b.fire, 
 luculento uti samino, Cic. ||. Smart, 
 clever: q. v.: pech. facetus, argiitus. 
 
 brighten: A. Trans.: I. Lit: 
 to make bright (infrequent) : v. to 
 
 POLISH, ILLUMINE, MAKE LIGHT. ||. 
 
 To (heer, enliven: q. v. B. In trans.; 
 I. L i t. : 1, splendesco, dui, } : 
 let the ploughshare, rubbed in the fur- 
 row, begin to b., inclpiat sulco attritus s. 
 vomer, Virg. : we saw the sky b. ivith 
 the Jtame of Etna, vidimus Aetneae 
 coelum s. flamma, Ov. 2. nitesco, 
 tui, i: as the new moon b.s, nitescente 
 nova luna, Plin. 3. claresco, clarui, 
 ? ; Tac. : Sen. 4. reiiicesco, luxi, j 
 (6. again) : the image of the sun b.'d 
 again, .solis imago reluxit, Ov.t the day 
 b.'d again, reluxit dies, Tac. : v. to 
 CLEAR UP. II. Fig.: of the aspect 
 of affairs, the countenance, intellect, 
 etc. : often, to brighten up: Phr.; (his) 
 fo/ce b.'d up, *vultus se explicavit, in 
 bilaritatem soliitus est: affairs begin to 
 b., jam res melius ire incipiunt : v. to 
 IMPROVE : " even sloirness b.s up ivith 
 affection," *amore etiam tarda ingenia 
 nitescunt. 
 
 brightly : clare, IQcide, splendide : 
 for the difference between them, v 
 
 BRIGHT. 
 
 brightness: I. splendour: i, 
 
 candor- the b. of the sun. c. solis, Cic. 
 the b. of the sky, coeli c, Cic. . v. white- 
 KESS. 2. nitor (of that which has a 
 bright surface)- the b.of the dawn. n. 
 aurorae. Lucr. : the b. of silver and gold, 
 n. argenti et auri, Ov. : the b.of a sivord. 
 n. gladii, Plin. 3. fulgor (flashing 
 b.) : the b.of a candelabrum, candelabri 
 f., Cic: the b. of the sun, solis f., Plin. ; 
 eyes gleaming with tremulous b., oculi 
 tremulo f. micantes, Ov. Fig.: the b 
 of fame, famae f., Ov. ; Quint, (in Lucr. 
 also fulgur: v. flash.) 4. clarltas 
 (rare) ; the b. of a star, c. si<ieris, Plin. : 
 also claritiido : Tac. 5. splendor : v. 
 BRILLIANCY. 6. c61or (poet.) ; silver 
 has no b., nuUus argeiito c. est, Hor. : 
 b. of ivool, (vellcruni) colores, Hor. ; v. 
 HUE. II, Acuteness. cleverness, q. v. 
 
 brill (a fish) : (?) psetta or psitta • Plin. 
 
 brilliancy : 1. splendor : the b. 
 of flame, s. flammae, Ov. : the b. of 
 silver, s. argenti, Hor. Fig.: all the b. 
 and splendour of these things, harum 
 renim s. omnis et aiiiplitudo, Cic. 2. 
 nltor (v. BRIGHTNESS, 2) ; the b. of a 
 mirror, n. speculi, Plin. Fig.; b.of 
 ttyle, D. orationis, Cic, : b. of figurative 
 
 language, translalionum n.. Quint - to 
 show b. (In writing), n. uti, Auct. Dial. 
 Ce Or. 3. lumi-n, inis, n. (only in fig. 
 sense, of lustre of style) : b. of eUiquence, 
 I. eloquentiae, Cic. : tilings that add b. 
 to style, liunina senteniiaruni. Quint. 
 
 brilliant : 1, splendidus ■ the b. 
 consti nations, s. signa coeli, Lucr.: b. 
 eyef, s. oculi, l.,ucr : a fountain more b. 
 than gUjiss, Ions splendidior vitro, Hor. 
 K 1 g. a b style of oratory, s. ratio dic- 
 eiidi, Cic. . b. deeds, s. facta, Hor. 2. 
 nitens, ntis ■ o Jioner more b. than 
 Tt/rian purple, Tyrio nitentlor flos 
 osiro, Ov. Fig.; a b. speech, n. oratio, 
 Cic. 3. luculentus(esp. in Hg. sense; 
 v. splendid) : a b. (or ace. to others. 
 lucid) speech, I. oratio. Sail. : a b. en- 
 gagement, pulchrum et 1. procliura, PI. ; 
 a b. achievement, facinus 1., PI. 4. 
 praeclarus; v. famous, distin(;iii8HEI>. 
 Phr.; til prepare a b. entertainment, 
 convivium opipare (adv.) parare, Cic.; 
 epulas apparatissimas. Sen. ■ v. splen- 
 did. 5. fulgfllS, ntis : v. SHINING. 
 Fig.; with must b., nay divine elo- 
 quence, fulgentissimo et coelesti ore. 
 Veil. 
 
 , be : 1, splendfio, 2 : her 
 
 eyes are b., oculi s., PI. • Hor. F i g. • 
 virtue is aliiuys b. of itself, virtus s. 
 per se semper, Cic. ; Llv. 2. nlteo, 2 , 
 you see how b. their oratory is, illorum 
 vides quam niteat oratio, Ci''. : Hor.: v. 
 
 TO BE BUIGIIT, SHINE. 
 
 brilliantly : 1. splendide : to set 
 
 out a banijiiet magnificently and b., 
 ornare magnifice sque convivium, Cic: 
 a life honourably and b. spent, acta 
 aetas honeste ac s., Cic. ; Hor. 2. 
 (esp. of style) : luculente or -ter ; it is 
 b. said (i. e. finely), 1. dicitur, Cic. : v. 
 
 LUCID. 
 
 brim: I. Rim, border: q. v. - margo. 
 Phr: the b. of a hat, *pllei ora. ||. 
 The upper edge of a vessel for liquids : 
 1. ora : to flavour the b. of a (me- 
 dicine) cup, oras pocula circum contin- 
 gere, Lucr . to fill a cup to the very b., 
 •poculuni ad summam o. implere. 2. 
 labrum fof any large vessel) ; to smear 
 the b.s of jars all round, 1. doliorura cir- 
 cumlinere, Cato: v. brink. Phr.. to 
 fill a jar to the b., amphoram ad sum- 
 mam implere. Col.: v. to fill. 
 
 brim^ : ad summum plenus, im- 
 pletus : V. BRIM. 
 
 brimstone : sulfur, Slris, n. 1 v 
 
 SULPHUR. 
 
 brindled: 1. discSlon v.partn 
 COLOURED. 2. varius: a b. hog, v, 
 porcus, Petr. 
 
 brine: I. ^ solution of salt: 
 
 I. milria; Hor.. Cels. 2. sal- 
 samentum- Cic. 3. salsura; Varr. 
 
 II. The sea: q. v. ; siilum. Virg. 
 bring: I, I'O carry to: 1. 
 
 affgro, attiili, alliitum, j (with dal. or 
 prep. : also adv. of place whither) : b. 
 hither goblets, affer hue scyphos, Hor, . 
 to b. a letter to anyone, literas ad all- 
 quem or alicui af., Cic. Fig.- lb. yott 
 peace, pacem ad vos affero, PL ; fre- 
 quent reports uere brought, crebri ru- 
 mores afferebantur, Caes. ; to b. the con- 
 sulship into a family, consulatum in 
 familiam af., Cic. It sometimes means 
 "to bring news": the scouts brouijht 
 news that everything was quiet, explora- 
 toresattulerunt quieta omnia esse, Liv. : 
 Caes. 2. infSro, } to b. into 01 to : 
 
 q. V. 3, perfEro, j (usu. of letters, 
 news, etc., and implying the safe arrival 
 of the thing at its destination) ; to b. 
 a letter to anyone, literas ad aliqueni 
 p., Cic. ; he brought me news nf the 
 battle, mihi nuntium proelii pertulit, 
 Cic. : the report had been brought to 
 him, fama ad eum perlata erat, l..iv 
 4. apporto, I ■ shellfish are brought 
 from lUyricum, cochleae de lllyrico 
 apportantur, Varr. ; he brought the sta- 
 tues to the Roman people, s'lgnu populo 
 K. apportivit Cic. 5. advgho, xi, 
 
 ctum, J : to b. com to Rome, frumentum 
 Komam ad., Cic. : v. to a)NVEV. (Ad- 
 vehoaud apporto are esp. \isedof tilings 
 not to be carried in the hand.) ||, To 
 
 cause to come to : 1. affSro, } (wltli 
 dot. or absol.) : winter bj snows, bniDU 
 nives al., Lucr. F i g. : to b. a man 
 grief, alicui aegritudineni af., Ter. : 
 Cic: V. to cause, occ.vsion. 2. 
 
 addQco, duxi, ductum, } (lit. to lead to ' 
 usu. foil, by prep.) : we usually b. phy- 
 sicians to the sicK, ad aegros medicos 
 solemus ad., Cic Hor. F i g. : to b. a 
 man into extreme danger, hominem in 
 discrlmeu extremum ad., Cic 3. d6- 
 porto, I (to 6. home) ; to b. Iiume a vic- 
 torious army, victorem exerciluni A., 
 Cic. ; Liv. i'hr. ; this has brought to 
 ruin great stale*, ea res niagnascivltates 
 pessumdedit Sail.; to b. to pass : v. to 
 b. ABOUT: antufuity will b. credit to the 
 iiork, tidem est oj)eri latura vetuslas, 
 Virg.: those things liave brought me 
 immortal glory, ilia immorUilem glo- 
 riam mihi dcderunt, Cic. : it lately 
 brought very great honour to Mi'-i, that 
 he checked all the attempts of Clodius, 
 bonori summo nuper Miloni luit quod 
 omnes Clodii conatus conifiressit, Cic. 
 the farm will b. a smaller price, fundui 
 minoris venibit,Cic. : tobringan wtion : 
 v. ACTION. Ill, To cause to come to 
 any state or dcterminatiim: \, Ah- 
 duco, i : to b. anyone to weeping and 
 pity, aliquem ad flelum misericordiam- 
 que d., Cic : to 6. a 77ia» to the sane 
 opinion, ad eandem sententiam lioinl- 
 nem d., Caes. 2. induco, j : he brought 
 himself to forget that he was a father, 
 induxit animum ut palrem esse sese 
 oblivisceretur, Cic. . to b. a fiiends 
 mind to a better hope, amici animum In 
 spem meliorem in., Cic: Ter.. Liv.: 
 
 v. TO PREVAIL ON. 3. VOCO, I . tO b. 
 
 anyone to grief, aliquem in luctum v., 
 Cic ; you are b.ing Italy to i-uin and 
 iemstaiion, Italiam ad exitium et vas- 
 tilatera vocas,Cic. ; to b. friendship toa 
 reckoning, amicitiam ad calculos vocare, 
 Cic. 4. redigo, Egi, actum, i (esp. 
 
 to b. by power or authority) : to h. any- 
 one into favour again, aliquem in gra- 
 tiam r., Ter. : to b. a man to poverty, 
 hominem ad Inopiam r., Ter. - to b. 
 natioiis into subjection to this empire, 
 gentes In ditionem hujus imperii r., Cic 
 5, perduco, } (comp. perfero, supr. 
 I. 3) ; to b. to an end, ad exitum p, 
 Cic. 
 
 bring about: 1. confldo, feci. 
 fi ctnm, }: to b. about ji^ace, pacem c, 
 Ter. ; to b. about a marriage, nupliasc, 
 Ter. . to b. about anyone's return (from 
 exile), reditum alicui c, Cic. 2. 
 
 efficTo, J ; if I b. it about, u-ill you 
 give me the money f si effecero, dabin' 
 mihi argentum.' PI.: to b. about great 
 changes, magiias rerum commutaiiones 
 ef., Caes. 3. perllclo, j ; he. bj aiout 
 an excliange of hostages between them, 
 obsides uti inter sese dent perficit, 
 Caes.: Cic. 4. conclllo, i (with ref. 
 to unions) ; to b. afmut peace between 
 citizens, pacem inter cives c, Cic. • to b. 
 atiout a marriage, nup'.ias c, Nep. 5. 
 cunflo, I (implying t'('o?eHt actionl ■ Ter.: 
 ti) atiout a thing by shediiing the blood 
 of citizens, rem sanguine civili c, Lucr. 
 6. pervlnco, vici, victum, j : i. c 
 to carry one's point, prevail : q. v. 
 
 back: 1. ref?ro, ?: he 
 
 brought the ringb. to me, anulum ad me 
 leiullt, PI. : he orders all the com to be 
 brought b. to him. frumentum unine ad 
 se referri jubet, Caes. - to ft. liack scars 
 (Irum the field), ciculrices domum r.. 
 Curt Fig.; this man lonaght b. dis- 
 grace into his oiin house, hie in suam 
 ilonium Ignomlniam reiullt, Cic. tAese 
 messages were brought b. to I'aesar, haec 
 Caesarl mandata releiebantur, Caes. 2. 
 rfiduco, } (usu. to be the means of re- 
 calling) : to ft. anyone b. from ezile, all- 
 (luem de exsilio r., Cic - to b. (back) to 
 irmembrance, in memoriam r., Cic : to 
 ft. back winters, hiemes r., Hor.; to b. a 
 man ft. to his duty, hominem ad offl- 
 cium r., Cic. 3. re[>orto, i ; v. to 
 
 CARRY BACK. 4. rfivficO, I (lit to 
 
 call or summon b.) : v. to recall. 6. 
 repraespiito, i (only fig. : to make pre- 
 sent again; to recall vividly): to b 
 
 95
 
 BRING BEFORE 
 
 BRING OUT 
 
 li Ji I S K L Y 
 
 back the anger of the gods, iram defim 
 r., Liv. ; Vie sight of the temple brought 
 b. the recollection of my consulship, tein- 
 plum repraesentabat meinoriara consul- 
 atus niei, Cic. 6. redigo, egi, actum, 
 J (esp. of bringing b. by fooxe) : to b. 
 back military discipline to early man- 
 ners, disciplinam militarem ad priscos 
 mores r., Liv. : he tn-ought b. the matter 
 to the original plan, rem ad pristlnam 
 rationem redegit, Caes. : Hur. Phr. : 
 to b. anyone back, aliquem reducem 
 facere, Pi. 
 
 bring before {<:o.U attention to) : 
 1. detero, j . the affair v as brought 
 before the council, res ad consilium delata 
 est, Caes. 2. rgfero, j (esp. of laying 
 a matter before the senate) : to b. a 
 matter before the senate, rem ad sena- 
 tum r., Sail. : the matter n as again 
 brought b. the senate, rclata ex inte- 
 gro res ad senatuni, Liv. 3. produco, 
 i: to b. anyone b. a court of law, ali- 
 quem in Judicium p., Cic. Phr.: to b. 
 a proposal before the people, legem, 
 rem, ad populnm ferre (not referre ; v. 
 supr. 2): also rogare, of measures 
 brought before the people by tribunes : 
 Liv. : to b. a man b. the praetor, homi- 
 nem in Jus rapere (whereas vocare is 
 simply to summon), Hor. 
 
 down : Lit.: 1. defero, 
 
 }: to b. down a urreath from Helicon, 
 ex Helicone coronam d., Lucr. : to b. 
 dovm an arm,y into the plains, aciem 
 in campos d., Liv. 2. deduco, j : 
 the whole cause is fnvught d. to this, 
 hue universa causa deducitur, Cic: to 
 b. a continuous poem down from the first 
 origin of the world to my own times, 
 prima ab origine mundi ad mea per- 
 petuum deducere tenipora carmen, Ov. 
 3.dejicio, jeii, jeclum, j (to bring d. 
 forcibly ; as with a blow, etc.) : the bat- 
 lisla brought d. a tower, ballista turrim 
 dejeiii, Auct. B. Hisp. : to b. dotin an 
 axi' upon a man's head, securim in 
 caput alicujus d., Liv.: v. also TO 
 
 HfJlHLE. 
 
 forth : |. 'J"" bring out : 
 
 1. prodo, dldi, ditum, j : he b.s 
 forth irines stored in a smoky jar, pro- 
 dit funioso condita vina cado, Ov. ■ to b. 
 forth sighs from the breast, suspiria 
 pectore p., Ov. 2. promo, prompsi, 
 promptum, } (esp. of stores brought 
 out): to b. forth money from the trea- 
 sury, pecuniam ex aeraiio p., Cic. So 
 its comps. (i). depromo, j: to b. forth 
 four-year-old nine, d. ((Uadrimum me- 
 rum, Hur. : to b. forth money from a 
 chest, pecuniam ex area d., Cic. • to b. 
 forth arguments (as from a storehouse), 
 Eirgumenla d., Cic. (ii). e.xpromo, j : PI. : 
 to b. forth sad words, moestas ex. voces, 
 Viig. II. To give birth to : 1. pario, 
 pe'peri, partum, j (the most frequent 
 word) : to b. forth children, liberos p., 
 Cic. : Ter. : to b. forth (lay) eggs, ova p., 
 Cic. : v. also TO produck. 2. enitor, 
 Qisus and nixus, j (relerring to the 
 labour of child-birth : chiefly used in 
 o. part.) : to have brought f. several 
 children, plures partus enixam esse, 
 Liv.: Virg. 3. gigno, genui, geni- 
 tum, i (stilctly of the »U(k) ; to b. forth 
 [lay) eggs, ova g.,Cic.: all tfiings which 
 the earth b.s forth, omnia quae terra g., 
 Cic. 4, 6do, didi, dltuni, j (esp. poet. 
 Mid in elevated style) : Latona brought 
 f. tivins, edidit geminos Latona, Ov. ■ 
 the earth brought forth innumerable 
 forms, tellus edidit innimieras species, 
 Ov. : Cic: v. al>o to givr birth to, 
 BEAR. Ill, To yield, produce i q. v. 
 
 1, fero, J : my CKres b. forth corn, 
 jugera Cererem f., Hor. : this age has 
 brought f. an almost perfect orator, 
 haec aetas oratoreni prope perfectum 
 tulit, Cic. 2. efffiro, 1 . that which 
 the fields b. forth, id quod agri ef.. Cic. : 
 Italy has brought f. an energetic race of 
 men, Italia genus acre virum extulit, 
 Vlrg. 
 
 forward : 1. offero, j ■ to 
 
 b. forward chai-ges (against some one), 
 crlmina of., Cic. 2. profero, i . to b. 
 fm'uard anything in public, rem in 
 96 
 
 medium p., Cic: to 6. forward wit- 
 nesses, testes p., Cic. 3, ago, egi, 
 actum, i (lit. to discuss, q. v.) : the sub- 
 ject is not afterwards b. forwaid 
 in the senate, in senatu poslea causa 
 non agitur, Cic. 4. refgro, ; : esp. 
 with reference to the senate : v. also to 
 
 BRING BEFORE, FORTH. 
 
 bring in or into: I. To carry 
 in: 1. infero, j (with dat. or prep.) : 
 to b. ladders to tlie v alls, scalas ad moe- 
 nia in., Liv. : to b. spoils into a temple, 
 spolia lemplo in., Liv. : to b. in false 
 accounts, rationes falsas in., Cic: to b. 
 anything into account, aliquid rationi- 
 bus in.. Col. 2. importo, i : he pre- 
 vented supplies from being brought into 
 the town, commeatus importari in op- 
 pidum prohibebat, Caes. 3. inveho, 
 vexi, vectum, j (this and the preceding 
 word of things not brought on the per- 
 son) : to b. money into the treasury, in 
 aerarium pecuniam in., Cic. : to b. in 
 the corn crops, frumenta in., Plin. : 
 wealth has brought in avarice, divitiae 
 avaritiam invexenmt, Liv. 4. in- 
 duco, i (to b. in : usu. with prep.) : to 
 b. the accused into the senate house, reos 
 in curiam in.. Suet.: to b. the sea by a 
 trench to the city, mare fossa urbi in., 
 Suet. Fig.: to b. discord into a state, 
 discordiam in civitatem in., Cic. : to 6. 
 money into account, pecuniam in ra- 
 tionem in., Cic. II, To yielu. produce, 
 q V, 1, efficio, j : vineyards b. in 100 
 sestertii per acre, vineae centenos ses- 
 tertios in singula jugera ef., Col. . Cic. 
 2. reddo, dldi, ditum, j : the farms 
 b. in produce, fructum praedia r., 'I'er. 
 
 off: esp. from a field of 
 
 battle : rffero, } (lit. to b. back : q. v.) : 
 to b. an image off from the field, simu- 
 lacrum ex atie r., Curt.: v. TO save, 
 
 RESCUE. 
 
 on or upon : 1. affgro, J : 
 
 nothing shall hereafter b. grief uprm 
 me, nulla res poslhac mi aegritudinem 
 afferet, Ter. 2. inffiro, j (esp. of 
 hostile action) : to b. war upon the R. 
 people, populo R. bellum in., Caes. : 
 to b. infamy upon the good, infamiam 
 bonis in., Cic. 3. apporto, 1 : he does 
 not know how much loss the little gain 
 may b. upon him, ille hand scit paulum 
 lucri quantum ei damni apportet, Ter. 
 
 4. importo, i : to b. on painful ill- 
 nesses, morbos acerhos im., Cic. : tob. a 
 misfortune upon anyone, calamitatem 
 alicui im.. Cic: Phaedr. 5. addQco, 
 ; . tob. on fevers, febres ad., Hor. 6. 
 indiSco, j : the nnnds which b. <ni cloudy 
 weather, venti qui nubilum in., Plin. 
 
 7, conscisco, scivi, scltum, } (of 
 what is voluntarily incurred) : to b. 
 death upon mieself, i. e. to commit sui- 
 cide, sibi mortem c, Caes. : Cic. : to b. 
 mi blindness, caecitatem sibi c. Cell. 
 10. 17- 8. contriho, tra-xi, tractum, 
 J (of bringing persons or things toge- 
 ther : q. v.): I have brought trouble on 
 myself, mihi iiegotium contraxi, Cic. • 
 to b. on a contest, certamen c, Liv. 
 
 9, objiclo, jeci, jectum, }. to b. a 
 panic upon the enemy, terrorem hostl 
 ob., Liv. ; Cic. : Virg. 
 
 out: I. To carry out, cause 
 
 to come out -. J. effero, ; - to b. out 
 money, argentum ef., PI. : to b. a child 
 out of doors, puerum extra aedes ef., 
 Ter. 2. profero, } : to b. arTns out 
 from a town, arma ex oppido p., Caes. ; 
 Cic. 3. produco, } : he brought out 
 Roman knights on the stage, equites K. 
 produxit in scenam. Suet. 4. elicio, 
 liciii, licitum, j (of that which is 
 brought out with effoi-t or contrivarwe) : 
 to b. out iron from holloiv places in the 
 earth, e cavemis terrae ferruni e., Cic. . 
 to b. out words from the bottom of 
 one's breast, voces pectore ab imo e., 
 Lucr. : V. TO ELICIT. 5. excio, 4 (to 
 summon forth) : to b. out souls fro^n the 
 toinbs, animas sepulcris ex., Virg. : to b. 
 the consul out of the city, consulem ab 
 urbe ex., Liv. Phr.: he brought cmt 
 the veins, i. e. represented them in re- 
 lief in paintings, venas protulit, Plin. 
 
 II, To publish : q. v. P h r. to b. 
 
 out a play, fabulam dare or docere, 
 Ter.: Cic: Hor. 
 
 bring over : I. To cai-ry or cause 
 to come across : 1. perdiico, } : he 
 brought all the ships over in safety, 
 omnes incolumes naves perduxit, Caes. 
 2. traduto, j : tob. a king over into 
 Europe, regem in Europam t., Liv. 
 Caes. II. To induce to agree with. 
 
 1, concilio, i : to 6. over legions to 
 one's side, legiones sibi c, Cic Tac. 
 
 2. perduco, i to b. over anyone to 
 one's opinum, aliquem ad suam senten- 
 tiam p., Cic. 3. tradiico, j : he brought 
 me over to his opinion, traduxit me ad 
 suam sententiam, Cic. 
 
 to (naut. 1. 1.) : 1. appello, 
 
 pilli, pulsum, } (with ace, abl., or ab- 
 sol): the Persians had brought their 
 fleet to at Delos, Persae classem ad 
 Delum appulerant, Cic. : he had brought 
 to at Bhegium in a merchant vessel, 
 Khegiuni oneraria nave appuUiat, Suet. • 
 they brought to at the island, ad in- 
 sulam appulerunt, Liv. 2. applico, 
 I (same constr. as 1) : he brought the 
 ships to at Heraeum, ad Heraeum oaves 
 applicuit, Liv. : they b. to land, ad ter- 
 ram applicant. Bell. Hisp. : what force 
 b.s (you) to these saiage shores? quae 
 vis immanibus applicat oris.? Vlrg. 
 
 together : 1. cogo, cSegl, 
 
 coactum, ; : to 6. together ships, in- 
 fantry, cavalry, naves, peditatum, equi- 
 tatum c, Caes. : v. to collect. 2. 
 contriiho, xi, ctum, j: friendship b.s 
 all things together, amicitia omnia c, 
 Cic. : to b. together an army, c. exer- 
 cltum in unum locum, Caes. ; to b. 
 people togethei- for a conference, bo- 
 mines in colloquium c, Liv. : v. TO 
 
 ASSEMBLE, COLLECT. 3. COmparo, I : 
 
 esp. in phr. to b. together forces, copias 
 c, Cic. (the phrase includes the rais- 
 ing of the forces as w-ell as the con- 
 centration of them, which last is expr. 
 by cogo or contraho • v. supr. 1, 2). 
 4, congero, gessi. gestum, j : v. 
 TO COLLECT. Fig. ; to b. together argu- 
 ments, argumenta c, Quint. 5. con- 
 cilio, 1 (chiefly in Lucr.): particles of 
 matter are brought together, corpora ma- 
 terial conciliantur, Lucr. Also of matri- 
 mony : V. TO MAKE A MATCH. g. 
 
 corrado: v. to scrape together. 7. 
 corrogo, I (1. e. to b. together by ask- 
 ing) : to b. together one's connexions, 
 suos necessarius c, Cic: Liv. Phr. 
 to b. lovers together, amantes inter fe 
 facere convenas, PI. 
 under : v. to subdue. 
 
 up : I. To cause to come 
 
 to : 1, subduco, J to b. up the trior 
 rii from the rearmost line, triarlos ex 
 postrema acie s., Liv. : to b. np the s(d^ 
 diers at quick march on to the hill, mi- 
 lites pleno gradu in coUem s., SalL 
 
 2, cogo, cOegl, actum, J : hebrought 
 up his slaves to the place of trial, ad 
 judicium omnem siiain laniiliam coegit, 
 Caes. : the cavalry brought up the rear, 
 equites agmen cogelmnt, Liv. Phr.. 
 to b. up the rear, agmen claudere, Caes. 
 
 II. To train up : ediico, I • v. to 
 
 EDUCATE. 
 
 brink : margo, Ims, c. ; v. edge, 
 MARGIN. Phr.: he was brought to the 
 b. (f the grave, *minimum abfuit quin 
 morte opprimeretur. 
 
 briny : salsus : the b. sea, s. aequor, 
 Lucr. . b. tears, s. lacrimae, Lucr.: Virg. 
 
 brisk: 1. alacer, oris, ere (lively 
 and cheerful) : they saw Catiline b. and 
 cheerful, videbant Catilinam a atque 
 laetiim, Cic. 2. vegfitus (fresh, un- 
 tired) : tlie tired fought with the fresh 
 and b., fessi pugnabant cum recentibus 
 et v., Liv. (But both of the above 
 words denote usually a higher quality 
 than the Knglish ; implying vigour, en- 
 terpri-se, spirit.) Phr.: a b. gale of 
 wind, *venti flatus vehementior. 
 
 brisket : "pectus (agnlnum, bovi- 
 num, etc.). 
 
 briskly : 1, alacriter : Justin. 
 
 2. strenue : go b. before and open 
 
 the (Zoor, abi prae strenue at aperi fores, 
 
 4
 
 BRISKNESS 
 
 BROTH 
 
 BRUISE 
 
 Ter. : Clc. : v. viGOBOUStY. (Or expr. 
 by adj., as, he rises b. to his appointed 
 work, vegetua praescripta jul munia sur- 
 
 glt, Hor. ; V. BRISK.) 
 
 briskness : alacrltas : Cic. : Caes. : v. 
 
 SPIRIT, I.IVKLTNESS. 
 
 bristle (sul>s.) .- seta (saeta) : Cic. : 
 Ov. : Juv. 
 
 bristle (v.) • 1. hon-go. 2 : hii 
 
 rough leys were b.ino with thick hairs, 
 
 horrcbant densis aspera crura pilis, Ov. : 
 
 b.ing spears, horrentes bastae, Virg. 
 
 2. horresco, horrul, j (begin to b. : 
 
 ret. in this sense) : his arms began to 
 with black feathers, brachia coeperunt 
 aigris h. villis, Ov. 3. Iiihorresco, j : 
 kens b. up when they Itave laid an egg, 
 galllnae ill. editoovo, I'lln.: Vlrg. 4. 
 By circuml. : setas erigere : v. bristle. 
 
 bristling (subs.) .- horror : the b. up 
 of the hair, cumaruni h.. Lucan. 
 
 bristly: 1. hirsulus: animals b. 
 wUh prickles, aiiimantes spinis h., Clc. : 
 icy winter b. with hoary ihcks, glaciaiis 
 blems caiios h. capiUos, Ov. 2. blr- 
 ttis (poet.) : rocks b. icith thickets, sa.xa 
 dumis h., Stat. : Ov. 3. horrldus : a 
 b. pig, h. sus, Virg. : o b. beard, bar- 
 bn'a h., Cic. 4. setiger, 6ra, eriim 
 (poet.: in masc. used as subs, for boar, 
 swine) : the b. swine, s. sus, Lucr. : the 
 6. Aerd, 8. pecus. Ov. 5. seiosiis: the 
 b. boar, 8. aper, Virg. : a b. forehead, s. 
 frons, Hor. : Cels. 
 
 brittle : fragllis, e : 6. boughs, f 
 rami, Virg.: 6. bronze, aes f., I'lin. 
 
 brittleness ; fragilitas : frankin- 
 cense is tested by its b., tus probatur 
 fragilitate, Plln. 
 
 broach (subs.) -. Tgru : v. spit. 
 
 broaCU ("•) ■ I, To spit : q. V. 
 
 II. To tap, pierce- q.v. (For ordi- 
 nary purposes to broach maj' be nearly 
 enough expre.ssed by rfiliiio : v. Ter. 
 Heaut. ;, I, 51.) |||. To utter an opi- 
 niim for the first time, *opinioiiem no- 
 vam in medium proferre : v. to bring 
 
 FORWARD. 
 
 broad ; I. ^'ide : latus : a b. 
 
 road: 1. via, Cic: trenches 15 feet b., 
 fossae XV pedes 1., Caes. : b. shoulders, 
 L humeri, Virg. P h r. : it is as b. as it 
 ii long, I. e. it comes to the same thing, 
 it mJaJces no difference, eodem redit, 
 eodcm revolvitur res; nihil interest, etc. 
 II, Extensive, vast: amplus. |||, 
 Of pronunciatiim : I'hr. : a b. pronun- 
 ciation, verhornm latimdo, Cic. (Vastus 
 is more e,\tenslve in its reference than 
 the Kng. word: v. awkward. UNCOOTH. 
 'I'he adj. latus appears not to occur in 
 this sense.) |V. open, clear : q. v. 
 Phr. : to sleep till it is b. daylight, ad 
 mnltum diem dormire (ad niedios dies 
 domiire), Hor. y. Gross : q. v. 
 
 Phr.: to frolick villi rude verses and 
 b. grins, ver.sibus incomptis ludere, risu- 
 que soluto, Virg. : to set people on the 
 b. grin, risu diducere rictum, Hur. to 
 know the difference betueen a b. joke 
 and a refined one, inurbanum lepido 
 sepoiiere dicto, Hor. 
 
 broad-cloth : v. ci.oth. 
 
 broad-leaved : latifoJius : the b. 
 myrtle, 1. laurus, Flin. 
 
 broadly : late : v. wtdelt. Phr.: 
 to pronounce letters b., literas dl'.atare, 
 Cic. : latitudine verborum uti : v. broad 
 (111) 
 
 broadside : Ph r. : to jire a b.. *ex 
 omnibus lonnentis quae ad unum latus 
 navis longae collocala sunt globes fer- 
 reos siraul projicere. 
 
 broad -sword: gladius: see Tac. 
 Agr. j6. 
 
 brocade : sCrlcum aureo vel argenteo 
 filo interte.vtum. Phr.: dresses of b.. 
 Testes attalicae. Prop. 
 
 brocket (a deer t no years old): sd- 
 bfilo, onis, m. : Plin. 
 
 brocoli : brassica oleracea Botrytis : 
 Plin. 
 
 brogue (a ihoe) : pero, onis, m. : 
 Virg. : Juv. 
 
 broil (subs.): rixa: r. titJARREL, 
 
 WBANfiLK, FEAT. 
 
 broil ("■) ■• A. Trans.: ton-go, ui, 
 tostum, 2: to b. meat on a gridiron. 
 
 •camem In cratlcula torrere : v. to 
 boa.st. B. In trans.: turrgor, togtus, 
 2 : the middle z)me b.s u-ith tlw. lieal of 
 the tun, medius cingulus solis ardore 
 lorretiir, Cic. 
 
 broiling (adj.) .• 1, torrldus : 6. 
 summer, Jire, t. aestas, ignis, Virg. : 
 Prop. 2. aestuosus : the b. Syria 
 
 (desert), a. Syrtes, Hor. 
 
 broken (J>arl. and adj.) : for the 
 part., V. TO break. Phr.: 6. doicn, 
 confectus : v. worn oct, disabled : b.- 
 hearted, •anlmo penltus fracto atque 
 affllcto s. dejecto : to speak in b. words, 
 Infracta et amputata loqul, Cic. (cf. 
 incondita jactare, Vlrg. E. 2, 5): to 
 become b.-uinded, ilia ducere, Hor. : to 
 become decrepit and b.-down (fig.), con- 
 senescere atiiue decoquere, Flor. 
 
 broker : 1. Interpres, prgtis : Cic. 
 2. cocio, onis : PI. : V. agent, 
 
 FACTOR. 
 
 brokerage : 1. interprstium : 
 Amm. 2. proxSneticum : Ulp. 
 
 bronze (subs.) : aes, aeris, n. : Cic. : 
 Virg. : 6,5, 1. e. works of art in b., aera, 
 Hor. 
 
 bronze ("dj.) : l. aeneus or ahe- 
 neus : a b. statue, signum aeneura, Cic. : 
 Hor. : a b. coloured beard, bart>a aeiiea. 
 Suet. 2, aenus or ahenus (poet.) : 
 6. statues, aena signa, Lucr. : Virg. 
 3. aeriitus (of tilings partly made 
 of or ornamented with b.) : b. ships, a. 
 naves, Hor. 4. aerfius : 6. Awns, a. 
 cornua, Vlrg. : Suet. 
 
 bronze (i'-) ■■ Phr.: to b. an inm 
 gate, »portae ferrcae speciem aerls in- 
 ducere. 
 
 brooch : fibula : o gold b., anrea f., 
 Virg. : Liv. 
 
 brood (i'-); I. To sit on (as a 
 hen) inciibo, iii, itum, i : we allow 
 hens to b. upon the pi-oduce of other 
 (birds), gallinas In. fetlbus alienigenis 
 patimur. Col. ||. To diuell mentally 
 upon- 1. incubo, I : to b. over money, 
 pecuniae in., Cic: to b. over gold, auro 
 in., Vlrg. 2. fftveo, fovi, fotiim, 2 ; 
 / b.'d upon my prayers, animo mca vota 
 fovebam, Ov. : so, in pettore f., PI. 3. 
 agito, I : to b. long ova- a subject, rem 
 niulta cvun animo a., Cic. ; agitare se- 
 cuni, Ter.; cogitatione a., Quint. : v. to 
 cxjntemplate, medftate on. 
 
 brood (subs.) : I. All the young 
 birds, ffc-., hatched together: 1. fc- 
 tiira : the best b. <f hens, optima galli- 
 narumf., Plin. 2. nidi, orum (chiefly 
 poet.): a chattering b., n. loqiiaces, 
 Virg. : Sen. 3. fetus, us : the b. of 
 honey-maJcing bees, f. melliferarum 
 i;pium, Ov. ||. offspring, progeny : 
 1. fetus, Qs : who fears the b.s nh ich 
 shaggy Germany brings forth / quis 
 pavet (iermania quos horrida parturit 
 fetus.' Hor. 2. g'ns, gcntis, /. : Vie 
 Clodian b., Clodiana g., Clc. 3. par- 
 tus, us: earth mourns Jor her b. (of 
 giants), terra niaeret partus (suos), 
 Hor. 
 
 brood (adj.) : Phr.: 6. mares, 
 equae feturae hablles (cf. Vlrg. G. 
 3. 62). 
 
 brooding (subs.) : _ 1. incubalio : 
 Plin. 2. inciibitus, us : Plin. 
 
 brook (subs.) : 1. rlvus : Caesar 
 had divei-ted the course of all the rivers 
 and b.s, omnia Sumlna atque omnes r. 
 Caesar averterat, Caes. : icy b.s, gelidl 
 r., Hor. Oimin., rivulus, a small b., 
 I*rud. 2. amnlciilus ; Liv. 
 
 brook (»'•) ■• fSro, } : v. to endure, 
 ri.T IP with. 
 
 broom (a plant) : 1, ggnista 
 
 (.Spanish b., *Spartiuin Junceum, Linn., 
 and dyers b., *genista tinctoria, Linn.) : 
 Virg. Plin. 2. sparium : Plin. 
 
 broom (a domestic implement) : 
 scopae, arum (prop. ti'UA'!) .• Cic: Hor. 
 
 broom-rape (a plant) : orobanchg, 
 es : Plin. 
 
 broom-stick : *scoparum munu- 
 briiiin. 
 
 broth : jus, juris, n. .• black b., nig- 
 rum j., Cic : PI. : mutton 6.. jus ovillum, 
 Cels.: ivoZb., j. vltuiinum. Gels. Phr.: 
 the same thing made into b. is more 
 
 nourishing than when ruaslea, res eadem 
 magis alit jurulenta quam assa, Cels. 
 brothel : 1, lu.-tra, orum, n. pi ; 
 Clc. 2. lupaiiar, aris, n. ; 
 
 PI 
 
 yuint. 3. ganeum: PL: Ter. 4. 
 ganea: Cic: Liv. 5. foml.<t, Ici«, 
 ni. : Hor. ; Juv. 6. stabulum (=pro- 
 Btibulum); prop, a place of sale or hire: 
 PI. : Cic. 
 
 brother : frater, tns : twin bj, f. ge- 
 mlni, Clc ; f. gemelll, Ov. : uterine ba. 
 f. uterini. Cod. Just. : a full b„ (i. e. 
 having the same parents, or at least the 
 same father), germanus frater, Ter.: 
 CIc: sometimes germanus alone has 
 this sense: Ter.: Virg.: Oie Aedui 
 hare many a time been called bj and 
 kingmen by the senate, Aedul f. consan- 
 gulnelque saepenunuTo a .senatu appel- 
 latl sunt, Caes. Iiimin. : fraterculus, a 
 little or dear b. : Cic. : Juv. A b.-in-lauj 
 (husband's b.), levir, Iri : Dig.: Non.: 
 sororls marltus (mter'« husband): Cic. 
 Phr.: to act, love, like a broUier, fra- 
 teme faccre, amare. Cic: v. brotheblt. 
 brother's (adj.): fralemus: the 
 guilt of a b.'s murder, scelus fratemae 
 necis, Hor.: envy against one's b., fr^ 
 tema invidia. Sail.: v. brotherly. 
 
 brotherhood: |. The relation' 
 
 ship of brothers : 1. germanitaa 
 
 (comp. brother): Clc: Liv. 2. fr»- 
 tema necessltudo : Clc 3, frater- 
 nitas: Tac (i'he lai ter terms' are leas 
 precise.) ||. An association of men : 
 perh. sfidalltas; v. frateknitt, society. 
 brotherly: fratemus: 6. /oiy.amor 
 f., Caes.: Cic: b. souls, f. animi, Hor. 
 I' h r. : you act in a b. way, facis fra- 
 terne, Cic. 
 
 brow : I. The eye-brow : siipercn- 
 ium. jl. The forehead (q.\.): froM, 
 tis,/. : to knit the b.s, froniem contrab- 
 ere, Cic. : to smooth the bj, f. explicare, 
 Hor. : to sndte the b., f. ferire, Cic. : a 
 joyful b., laeta f , Virg. : an anxious 6, 
 sollicita f., Hor. IN. The edge of a 
 steep place : supercilium : the b. of a 
 hill, s. tumuli, Liv. : Virg. 
 
 browbeat: Phr.. to b. one's op- 
 ponents, adversarios miiiaciter terrere, 
 Cic. : to b. a witness, testem terrere, or 
 testem aspere incessere, Ijulnt. : to 6. 
 the jury, judices minis el terrore com- 
 movcre, Cic. Font, ii, 24. 
 
 browbeating (subs.) .- minae : V. 
 menaces; also preceding art. 
 
 brown (adj.): 1. fulvus: there 
 are four colours in nines, uhite, 6, 
 blood-red, black, colores vinis qiiatuor, 
 albu.s, f, sanguineus, niger, Plin. : 6. 
 kine, f. boves, Klin. : 6. hair, f. caesaries. 
 Virg. (Fulvus however more nearly 
 applies to our tawny, and implies a 
 dasli of gold or yellow : whence fulva 
 sidera, Tib.). 2. spadix, icis: I.e. 
 chestnut colour: q. v. 3, rubidus, 
 (something betueen red and b'acK- : GeU. 
 2, 26) : PL N.B. Puscus Is not the 
 name of a colour, but signifies only a 
 dark, murky, hue (similarly infusciie, 
 Col.) : it may of course be applied to 
 brown objects: v. dark, dusky. GelL 
 remarks on the indistinctness of I^tin 
 wofds expressing reddish or brownish 
 colour : 1. c 
 
 brown (<■'■): I. T^ bring to a 
 broun, sicarthy hue : coloro, I : v. to 
 TAN ; SUNBURNT. ||. To brown meal 
 i»i cooking : •cames torrere donee rubido 
 colore Himt (cf. PL Ca.<. 2, ;, 2). 
 
 browse ; 1. carpo. psl, ptum, } ■ 
 to b. the grass, pramen c, Virg. (of 
 horses) : let us b. (i. e. make our cattle 
 do so) the coot pastures, carpamus fri- 
 gida rura, Virg. 2. tondeo, tdtondl, 
 
 tonsum, 2 : the bullocks b. on the cop- 
 pices, t. dumeta Juvenci, Virg. : Lucr. 
 3. attondeo, dl. sum, 2 : the kids b. 
 on the young shoots, tenera at. virgulla 
 capellae, Vlrg. : v. to nibble. 4. 
 
 dgpasco, pavi, pastum, j : kids b. on the 
 dewy pasture, baedl roscidas herbas d.. 
 Col. : v. TO FEED on. 
 
 bruise (i")' l. comfro, trivi, trl 
 fum, } (of things without life): Ov.: 
 Plin.: V. TO POUND. 2. contuiido, 
 
 tCtdl, tiUum, } : to b. anyone with Uie 
 
 91
 
 B K U I S K 
 
 BUFF 
 
 BUILDING 
 
 fiits, aliqucni pugnis c, PI. : to b. the 
 breast by a blow, pectus ictu c, Ov. 
 3. Infringo, Iregi, fractum, j : to b. 
 one's side, latus in., Hor. 4. sugillo, 
 I (to make black and blue) : Sen. ; Plin. 
 
 bruise {subs.) .• l. contusio : 
 
 Scrib. 2. contusura : Plin. 3. 
 
 siigiUatio (the mark of a b.) : Plin. 
 
 bruit (subs.) : clamor, rumor : v. 
 
 NOISE, RUMOUR. 
 
 bruit ("•) •■ chiefly in phr. to b. 
 abroad: vulgo, I: v. TO spread, get 
 
 ABROAD. 
 
 brunette : puella fusca, subfusca, 
 
 gUbtUSCUla : V. DARK. 
 
 brunt : P h r. : to sustain the b. of 
 unpopularity, molem invidiae sustinere, 
 Cic. ; to bear the b. of the battle, *maxi- 
 mum proelii impelum sustinere (Ains.) ; 
 totam vim hosliiim experiri, sustinere. 
 
 brush (subs.) : I. An iuitrument 
 for removing dust, dirt, etc. 1, pe 
 niciilus : used for scouring tables, PI. 
 Men. I, I, 2; for cleaning boots, qui 
 detergentur baxeae, ib 2, ;, 40. Dimin. 
 penicillus or -uni ; an artist's b. ; Cic. : 
 I'lin. 2. scop&la (dimin. of scopae : 
 V. broom) used in pitching jais. Col. 
 12, 18 ; in cleanivg out jars, Cato, K. 
 R. 26. 3. niuscarium (for brushing 
 away flies): Mart. (lemm.). ||, A 
 bushy tail : muscarium : used of a 
 horse's tail: Veg. Vet. |||. A fray, 
 
 skirmish : q. v. 
 
 brush (v.): I. To take the dirt 
 off: 1. detergeo, si, sum. 2: to b. a 
 table clean, mensam d., PI. : to b. shoes, 
 baxeas d., PI. 2. extergeo, 2 (i. e. 
 to b. out the interior of a vessel) : 
 Cato. Phr.: to b. out a closet, b. the 
 teeth, *armarium, denies purgare : v. to 
 CLEANSE. II, To sweep or touch lightly : 
 verro, verri, versum, ; ; the surface of 
 the sands is b.'d by its tail, summae 
 Cauda verruntur arenae, Ov. : Virg. 
 Phr.: to b. past a person, hominem 
 praetereundoleviter terere : v. to graze, 
 TO SWEEP. Ill, To b ail ay. remove : 
 Phr.: to b. away tears, lacriiuas de- 
 tergere, Ov. : Vie wandering heifer b.'s 
 off the deir, errans bucula decutil rorem. 
 Virg. IV. "I'o brush up : v. to fur- 
 liisH UP. adorn. 
 
 brushwood ; 1. samientum (usu. 
 pi.) : Caes. : Cic. 2. ramalia, ium 
 (cut b.) : Ov. : Tac. 3. vlrgultum 
 (usu. pi.): virgulta and sarmenta are 
 st)metimes combined ; as, Caes. B. G. ?, 
 18, fin. (Sarmenta are properly cut- 
 tings, prunings ; virgulla tivigs and 
 brushwood generally.) 
 brushy : v. bushy, shaggt. 
 brutal : '• e. inhuman, cruel, rude : 
 1, ferus (i. e. nild,, rude ; unsoft- 
 ened by any infiuencus) ■ no one is so 
 b. but he may become gentle, nemo adeo 
 f. est, ut non mitescere possit, Hor. : the 
 Britons b. to their guests, Britanni hos- 
 pitibus f., Hor. : Cic. ; v. wild. 2. 
 
 agrestis, e (i. e. rude, boorish, q. v.) : a b. 
 and passionate master, dominus a. et 
 furiosns, Cic. : a b. countenance, vultus 
 a., Ov. 3. inhiimanus : v. inhuman. 
 4, immanis, e: v. sava(;e, cruel. 
 brutality : 1. feritas (savage 
 
 U'ildness : v. brutal) to lay aside b. 
 (of manners), f. exuere, Ov. (of the early 
 Romans) : b., which takes a pleasure in 
 cruelty, f. cui voluptati saevitia est. 
 Sen. (N.B.— .Vo< ferocitas or ferocia ; 
 which usu. signify high spirit, mar'ial 
 temper, etc.) 2. immamtas (savage- 
 ness ; monsti-ous and inhuman cruelty) : 
 in b. of manners he surpasses the most 
 monstrous beasts, moruin immanitate 
 vastissimas vincit beluas, Cic. : v. cRU- 
 kltt, inhumanity. 
 
 brutalize : effero, i : to 6. the feel- 
 ings, animos ef., Liv. : purposely to b. 
 one's features, vullum de industria ef.. 
 Suet. Phr.: to become altogether b.d, 
 omnem humanitatem exuere, Cic. : 
 •omnino ferum atque inhumanum fieri. 
 brutally : inhumane, immaniter : v. 
 cruelly, barbarously. 
 
 brute (subs.) : v. BEAST Phr.: like 
 OS, they refer everything to pleasure, 
 pecudum ritu ad volui>tatem omnia re- 
 
 ferunt, Cic. : a thorough b., *homo otn- 
 nis humanitatis expers. 
 
 brute (adj.) : V. irrational, sense- 
 less. 
 
 brutish : v. brutal, senseless. 
 
 bryony : bryonia : Plin. : white b., 
 amp616leuce, es, /. ; Plin. : black b., 
 ampelos, i,/. : Plin. 
 
 bubble (subs.) : I. A small watery 
 vesicle : \, bulla : a transparent b., 
 b. pellucida, Ov. 2. pustula: to form, 
 in b.s in water (of false opium), in pus- 
 tulas (al. pusulas) coire in aqua. Plin. : 
 Vitr. : v. blister. ||. Anything un- 
 substantial or unreal: bulla: if man 
 is a b., much more so is an old man, si 
 est homo b.,eo magis senex, Varr. |||. 
 A delusive scheme: v. cheat, decep- 
 tion. Phr.: a mere b., mera somnia ! 
 
 v. DREAM, fancy. 
 
 bubble (v.) : 1. buUo, i, and biil- 
 lio, 4 : ti-hen the wine (boils), draw the 
 fire from under it, ubi buUabit vinum, 
 ignem subducito, Cato: b.ing springs, 
 bullientes fontes, Vitr. 2. (of a 
 
 spring) : scateo : v. to gush up. Phr.: 
 to b., bullas s. pustulas emitteie (cf. 
 Vitr. '7, 2) ; *in pustulas quasi efflo- 
 rescere : cf. bubble (I. fin.). 
 
 bubbling (subs.) : ' 1. buintus, 
 
 us : Vitr. 2. scatebra : the b. up of 
 water, undae scatebra, Virg. : Plin. 
 
 bucaneer: praedo, piraia: V. pirate. 
 
 buck : 1. cervus (a male stag) : 
 Cic. : Hor. 2. hlrcus (a male goat) : 
 Virg. : Plin. 3. cdnlculus (a male 
 lahbit): Plin.: Mart. 
 
 bucket : 1. bama. (esp. for ex- 
 tinguishing fires) : Jiiv.: Plin. 2. 
 sitiila: PI.: Dig. also, silulns Cato 
 Vitr. 3. mOdiSlus (a b. on a ivatei- 
 wheel) : Vitr. 
 
 buckle (subs.) : fibula : Liv. : Virg. 
 
 buckle (i'-) •■ fibiila nectere : v. to 
 bind. 
 
 buckle to: v. to apply or gird 
 oneself to. 
 
 buckler: parma: v. shield. 
 
 buckram: *linteum crassum ac rigl- 
 dum. 
 
 buckskin : pellis cervlna : v. skin. 
 
 buckthorn : rhamnos, i, /. : Plin. : 
 Veg. 
 
 buckwheat: *polyg6num fagopy- 
 runi, Linn. 
 
 bucolic : bucSlIcus : a b. poem, bu- 
 colicon poema. Col. 
 
 bucolics : bucOIIca.orum: Ov.: theb.s 
 of Theocritusand I'lVpit, bucolicaTheo- 
 criti et Virsilii, (Jell. 
 
 bud (subs.) : 1. gnmma (ea quae 
 g. dicitur, Cic.) : the b.s push themselves 
 from the midst of the bark, se medio 
 trudunt de corlice g., Virg. 2. g^r 
 men, ?nis, n. : the b.s venture to trust 
 themselves to the early suns, in novos 
 soles audent se g. credere, Virg. v. 
 germ. 3. calyx, ycis, m. (a flowei- 
 b.) : a rose-b., rosae c, Plin. 4. ocu- 
 lus (esp. with ref. to grafting) : Virg. 
 Col. Phr. to nip in the b., *aliquid 
 immaturum occupare. 
 
 bud ("•)•• A. In trans.: 1. 
 
 gemmo, i : country-people speak of vines 
 b.ing, gemmare vites rustici dicuni, 
 Cic. : a b.ing eye, g. oculus. Col. To 
 begin to b., gemmasco, } : Col. : Plin. 
 2. progemmo, i : i.e. to put foi tli 
 buds : Col. 3. (jemmas nio\ ere Co!. 
 4, 29, ad init. 4. gerniino. i : v. to 
 germinate. B. Trans.: of the ope- 
 ration of budding : 1. oculos inserfire 
 t. imponere : Virg. 2. emplastro, i : 
 Col. 
 
 budding (subs.): \. The putting 
 forth of buds : 1. conceptus, iis : 
 
 Plin. 2. germinatio: Plin. (or more 
 usu. expr. by verb: v. to bud). ||. 
 ,4 kind of grafting : emplastratio : 
 Plin.: Col. 
 budge: v. to move, stir. 
 budget: I. -^ ^^. stock, store: 
 q. v. II. Polit. 1. 1. : publlcae pecu- 
 
 niae, accepti atque expensi ratio : v. ac- 
 count. 
 bufF(s'«bs-) : V. leather. 
 buff (adj.) ; lutgus : a b. mantle, 1. 
 palla, Tib. : Hor. : v. yelix>w. 
 
 buffalo : "os bubalus : M. L. 
 
 buffet : v. SIDEBOARD. 
 
 buffet (subs.) : colaphus : v BLJW. 
 
 buffet ("■)•■ I. l-'t- colaphosin- 
 fringere alicui : Ter. Phr.-- we were 
 Umg b.'d by the winds and wavet, 
 •ventis undisque diu jactati sunms. 
 II. To contend with: q. v. Plir. : 
 the shipxvrecked man buffets the wavet, 
 •naufragus fluctibus obluctatur, obnit- 
 itur. 
 
 buffoon : 1. scurra (a professional 
 b.) : PI. : Cic. : Hor. Phr.: to jilay 
 the b., scurrari, Hor. ; scuniliter ludere, 
 Plin. 2. sannio, onis (a kind of pan- 
 tomimic jester) : Cic. 3. pftrasitus 
 (a professional b. who dines out for the 
 amusement of guests): PI.; Cic. 4. 
 balatro, onis: Hor. 
 
 buffoonery : 1. scurrilltas : Quint. : 
 Tac. 2. scurrilis jcicus : Cic. Phr.: 
 to practise b., scurrari : v. buffoon (1). 
 
 buffoon-like : scunUis, e : Cic. : 
 
 Quint. : v. SCURRILOUS. 
 
 bug : cimex, ids, m. : Hor. : Plin. 
 
 bug-bear: 1. terrieula: an empty 
 b., cassa t., Afran. ap. Non.: Lacu 
 Also terrieula, orum : Liv. : v. intimi- 
 dation. 2. terriculamentum : b.s oj 
 grave-yards, t. sepulcrorum, Apul. 3. 
 lorniiiiamen, inls, n. : Apul. (cf. Hor. 
 S. I, 8, 4). Phr.: to frighten children 
 with b.s, »liberis vanos teriores iucut- 
 ere : vanis pavoribus terrere. 
 
 bugle : I. -^ hunter's horn : buc- 
 cina; v. horn. ||. A bead : q. v. 
 
 bugloss (a plant): buglossos, i,m. : 
 Plin. ("echium vulgare : M. L.). 
 
 build: 1. aediiico, i : to b. a 
 house, domum aed., Cic. : to b. a city, 
 urbem aed., Cic. : to b. a ship, navem 
 aed.. Caes. : to b. more carefully, accu- 
 ratius aed., Caes. : he pulls down, he 
 builds, diruit, aedificat, Hor. Com- 
 pounds, (i).exaedilico, I (to Jinish build- 
 i7ig) : to b. a town, oppidum ex., Caes. : 
 to fnish b.ing the Capitol, Capitolium 
 ex., Cic. (ii). inaedifico, i (to 6. in or 
 oier): fortifications built upon the 
 walls, inaedificata in murls moenia, Cic. ; 
 to b. upon a place, locum in., Scaev. 
 2. slruo, struxi, siructura, } (prop, 
 to heap, pile up : q. v.) : to b. walls, 
 moenia s., Virg. : to 6. houses, domes s., 
 Hor. Comps. (i). constriio, } : birds b. 
 nests for themselves, aves sibi iiidos c, 
 Cic. (ii). extrflo, } (b. up): Fig.: 
 Flato selected an unoccupied spot in 
 whizh he might b. up a state according 
 to his own fancy, Plato aream sibi 
 sumpsit in qua civitatem exstrueret 
 arbitratu suo, Cic. (lii). obstruo, } (p. 
 before) : to b. a strong wall in front, 
 validum murum ob., Liv. (iv). sub- 
 struo, J (6. beneath or at the bottom) : 
 to b. a foundation, fundamentum s., 
 PI. : to b. the Capitol at the bottom ivith 
 hewn stone, Capitolium saxo quadrate 8., 
 Liv. 3. condo, didi, ditum, j (lit. to 
 put together) : to b. an altar, aram c, 
 Liv. : to b. a tomb, sepulcrum c, Hor. : 
 to b. walls, moenia c, Just. : v. to 
 FOUND. 4. diico, duxi, ductum, j : 
 (esp. of what has length as its principal 
 dimension) : to 6. walls, muros d., Caes. : 
 Hor. (cf. the phrase, " to carry a wall ") : 
 to 1). a,n arch, arcum d., Ov. 5. mo- 
 lior, 4 (implying effort, labour) : to b. 
 walls, muros m., Virg. : to b. a fleet, 
 classem m., Virg 6. t^xo. xui. xtum, 
 J (prop to weave: hence of what is 
 composed of Jlexible materials) : to b. 
 ships of oak, robore naves t , Virg. : to 
 b. nt^sts, nidos t., Quint. Phr. : to b.a 
 bridge, pontem facere : v. bridge : to b. 
 cells (of bees), favos fingere, Cic. Fig. : 
 to b. upon any one, alicui confidere, in 
 aliquo spem omnem coUocare, in all- 
 quem ponere, Cic. : you are b.ing castle* 
 in the air, spes pascis inanes, Virg. : 
 to b. upon sand (fig.), fundamenta in 
 aqua ponere, Cic. : v. to constbuct, 
 
 ERECT 
 
 upon (fie) : ▼• TO BUILD 
 
 (fm.), TRUST TO. 
 
 builder : 1. aedlflcator : Cic. 
 
 2. stnictor : Cic. 
 building: I. The act of u.. 1
 
 B ni,B 
 
 B U () V A.\ C V 
 
 BUKGLAHV 
 
 acdificatio • Cic. 2. exstrnctlo : Cic. : 
 Vitr. (or expr. by verb . v. to blmld). 
 II. A structure : 1. aediflclum . 
 Cic. • Liv. : Caes. 2. ai'<lin<atio 
 
 (rare): Cic. Dinin., aedinciiiiuiicula 
 Cic. 3. tectum (a duelUny): Cues.. 
 Cic. : b.s in good rtpair, sana tecta, 
 Cic. (leg.rt phr.) 
 
 bulb: 1. bulbus: Pliii. 2. 
 
 bulbQIus (a small b.) : I'all. 
 
 bulbous : 1. bulbaceus : Plln. 
 
 2. biill)usu8: I'iiii. 
 
 bulge {fi'bS.) : V. l-ROTCBRKANCE. 
 
 bulge out (i'-)-' luineo, tumesco: 
 
 T. lO SWKLL OUT. 
 
 bulk: I. Lit.- niagnitudo. moles. 
 II, The qri'atfT part . IMir. . thf b. 
 of the peiipie, m.ijoT pars popiili, Cic. 
 he b. of men, ma.xima pars liomitHim, 
 Hon: the b. of the nobles, \\hTM\m' iio- 
 bilitas, .Sail, the b. of us nvmil labour, 
 laborera plerique fugimus, Cic. |||, 
 A piirjecting part of a building . v. pbo- 
 
 JECTION. 
 
 bulk-head: *septum navale ; o)' sep- 
 tum fjuo iiavls alveus divuluur. 
 bulky: ingens. pra<'j;rainlis ; 6besus: 
 
 V. BIG, COItl'L LtM. 
 
 bull (■'"'"''S-) -" I. 77ie orM'mn J: tau- 
 rus, Cic: Virg. Adj.: of or he'toig- 
 i»g to a b., taurinus: Ov. Virg: 
 also taureus, Virg. ||. The con- 
 
 stellation so called: 1. taurus the 
 Tyrian b., Tyrlus t.. Mart. ; so, t. 
 Agenoreus, Ov. : Cic. 2. bos, lidvis, 
 m. : (jerin. |||, An absurd blun- 
 
 der : Phr. : to prrpitrate b.s, *ri- 
 dlcula atque intiT se contraria dicere • 
 
 V. CONTRADICTORV. |V. A J'ojie's 
 
 rescript: 1. diploma summi I'oiiti- 
 firis: l.abbe, Concil. 2. *Ii'erae sigtio 
 l'oiililici3 Komaiii impressae (Kr. and 
 G.). 3. Ijulla (prop. </(« seal: bulla 
 
 plumbea : v. Du Cange, s. v.) : Labbe : 
 Calvin, (with or without I'apae). 
 
 bull-baiting : P b r. . the practice 
 of b. has become extinct, 'obscjlevit 
 lusu3 quo taurus immissis canibus irri- 
 tai i atque agitari solebat. 
 
 bull-dog : *caiii3 Molossus, Linn. 
 
 bull's-eye: I. Atkick circular piece 
 of glass: *vitreu3 globus. ||. The 
 centre of a target: Phr.: to hit the 
 b., *scopum medium ferire, or, tauri 
 quem dicunt oculum ferire. 
 
 bullet : glans (plunibi-a') : to slcirm- 
 ish uith b.s or stones, emiuus glande aut 
 lapidibus pugnare. Sail. : Liv. 
 
 bulletin: ITbellus: v. bill, advei;- 
 TISEMENT. (It may in some cases be 
 expr. by nuntius: of. Hor. Ud. 4. 4, 69 ; 
 Karthagini jam non ego)i((?i(ios niiilam 
 superbos.) 
 
 bull-fight : *taurQmacbia (Cr. rav 
 pofj.a\ia): Phr.: tosie tt /* , *iiMgtiaio 
 hominura cum tauro (tauris) composi- 
 torum spectare. 
 
 bull-finch : ryn-bula : M. L. 
 
 bull-frog: *raiia occllata : M. L. 
 
 bullion: 1. aurum argenlumve 
 infectum: cf. Liv. J4, 10: (not aunmi 
 rude, which might mean gold-ore). 2. 
 massa : v. mass. 
 
 bullock: 1, taurus castratus. 
 
 2, juvencus (a young b.): Virg.: 
 V. ox. 
 
 bully (subs.) : homo prfirax ; or per- 
 haps, homo procax ore, lac. II. 2, 2;; 
 or procax in latesseiido, Cic. Fam. 7, 
 I J: 'I'hraso alter (alter the miles glo- 
 riosus in Ter. Kun.) : •minis colapbis- 
 que promptior quam aequum est. 
 
 blllly (I'.): prociiciter lacesso, ivi, 
 Itum, } : V. to browisi at. 
 
 bulrush : 1. scirpus : Ter. : Plin. 
 2. juncus: Ov. : Plin. 
 
 bulwark : |, a fortification : 
 
 q. V. 1. miinimentum, nioenia : v. 
 fortifications. 2. piopugnacfilum : 
 they connect the brvigi's and the b.s, 
 pontes etp. jungunt, Virg. : Cic. ||. 
 Any means of defence : \, propug- 
 naculum : the b.s of tranqinlliti/, p. 
 tranquillitatis, Cic. 2. arx, arcis, /'. : 
 this city is the b. of all iiations, liaec 
 urbs arx est omnium gituium, Cic: 
 Philip regarded that city a.s- a b. against 
 the Grecian itales, earn urbem pro arce 
 
 habult Philippus adversus Graeciae clvl- 
 tates, Liv. 3. clauslra, orum . the 
 b.t of Egypt, c. Aegypti, Liv. . a b. of 
 mountaim, monlium claustra, lac. 
 4. agger, grls, m. : Alpine b.s, a. 
 Alpini, Virg. Sen. v. dekence. |||, 
 That part of the side of a ship whicli 
 is higher than t tie deck : moenia, ium : 
 the b.s of a fhip, moenia navj>, Ov. 
 
 bump (fubs.) : I, A swelling : 
 
 q. v. : tuber, eris, n.: his whole head is 
 one b. tfith blows, colaphis tuber est 
 tutum caput, Ter. Plln. ||. A thump: 
 I'hr. : to come with a b. against the 
 d-ior, 'se ad lores cum sonltu impin- 
 gerc ; fores capile, toto corpore, turidere. 
 
 bump ("■)•• offeiidere, impingere in 
 aliiinid: v. to knock, thlmp. 
 
 bumper: I'hr : ab. of wine, *yio- 
 culnni ad .sunimum Implelum ; poculum 
 niero impletimi v. cvf. 
 
 bumpkin : rusiicus ; Cic. : Hor. ; v. 
 
 bun: libum, placenta: v. cake. 
 
 bunch : I, a protuberance, hundi • 
 q. V. II. A cluster of fruit : rice- 
 
 mus, uva; v. cllstkk. |||. A number 
 of things coMiected together: v. bu.ndle. 
 I' b r. : a b. of keys, *claves in aiiulo 
 suspensae: a b. of jUnvers, fasciculus, 
 Cic. : V. nosegay. 
 
 bundle {subs.) .- l, fascis, is, m. : 
 b.s of twigs, f. virgultoruui, Hirt. : b.s of 
 sticks, f. lignorum, lac. ; I will relieve 
 you of this b., ego hoc te I. levabo, 
 Virg.; fasciculus, a small b. ; a b. of 
 letters, I. epistolaium, Cic. : Hor. 2. 
 nianipfilus (a b. (f straw, etc.): Varr. " 
 Virg. 3. sarcina (a inallet, Ktiapsack) - 
 I'l. : Hor.: V. bvggaoe. sarcinula, a 
 small b. of the kind : Cat. • Plin. phr.- 
 m (j s, fasiiatim «r fasceatim (v. rare). 
 Quint. I, 4,20: (perh. better e.\pr. by 
 p r fasces singulos, or in lasces, fasci- 
 culos). 
 
 bundle out («'•) : colloq. : foras ex- 
 turbaie, rxtrudere : v. to turn out. 
 
 bung {.subs.): 1. cortex, icis, m. 
 and /. (tt cork of any kind) : Cato : 
 Hor. 2. obturameritum (gen. term 
 for the stopper of casks, etc.) : Plin. 
 3. obtuiaculum : (=loregoing) ■ 
 Marc. Einp. 
 
 bung ( ''•) ■■ cortice obturo, or simply 
 
 Olilulo: v. to FASTEN UP. 
 
 bung-hole : *locus obtnramenti ; or 
 simply, loiamen • v. hole. 
 
 bungle ( w) •• A. I'rans.: Phr.: 
 to b. a business, *rem iiiscite gerere ; 
 iiegotium corrumpere : v. unskilfully, 
 and TO MAR, SPOIL. B. i n tra n s. : in- 
 sciteagere; (turpiter) labl.errare: v. to 
 
 BLDM)KR. 
 
 bungle {subs.): "inscitura (inscite) 
 faeruni- v. unskilful. 
 
 bungler : 1. homo riidls, or simply, 
 rfidis (>irktly denoiing absence of cul- 
 ture) : mas 1 such a b. ' so ignorant of 
 alfairs, taiii eram r. ? lam ignarus re- 
 rum i" Cic 2, impiSritus: v. unskil- 
 ful, and foil. art. 
 
 bungling («<(;•): impgritus, insci- 
 
 tus; l.evus. V. UN.SKILFUL. 
 
 bun?lingly: Inlabie, inscite: v. 
 
 UNSKILFULLY. 
 
 bunting (a bird): anthus: Plin.: 
 th". i/clloir b., clilorion, onis, »i. ; Plin. 
 
 bunting {sluf for Jtags): *tenuis 
 painms laneus ad vexilla lacienda apt us. 
 
 buoy {subs.) : 'index in fieto posltns 
 (in .•<ninnia aqua innalans, et catena des- 
 tinaius) ad navium cursus signaiidos. 
 
 buoy ('•): I. To keip ajtoat: 
 
 Phr.. the sailors b.'d the vessel by at- 
 taching empty ntsks toils sides, *ca<iis 
 vacuis ad navis latera alllgandis iiautae 
 eam submeigi prohibelxuit. ||. '/o 
 Jix buoys ocer or near to : P h r. ; to b. 
 a coast, *iiaviiim secundum oram tursus 
 inilicibus fluitantibus signare. |||. 
 
 Fig., to sustain : V b r. : b.'d up by 
 empty hope, spe elatus inani: v. to sus- 
 tain. 
 
 buoyancy: I. Lit.: (a), of the 
 power to Jtiiat : leviias . v. lightness. 
 (6). of the power to cause to float : 
 vis: tlie uaters of that Sca hace such 
 b. that it is impossible to sink, *ejus 
 
 maris aquae tanta vis e8t at In ea 
 snbmergi nequeas. ||. Fig.: of tho 
 
 mind : bilarlus, quasi luimeriiabilii vis 
 aiiimi (cf. Hor. Ep. i, 2, 22J. v.cheeb- 
 
 FULNtlJis, ELASTIfTY. 
 
 buoyant: I. I' it.: (a), of that 
 
 whicli 'I ill not sink: I4vls : v. light. 
 {b). of a fluid which beats up: *quod 
 suslinet; quixl eam vim hdbei ut cor- 
 |X)ra Innatanila susiinent: v. to fi.o.vt. 
 II. Fig.: of the spirUt: hihirisi 
 imniersttbilis (.>) v. chkekeulness. 
 
 bur: i.e. tlie prickly Jtijwer of the 
 burdock: 'lappae flosiulus hirsutus. 
 i' h r. : to stick to one like a b., cf., non 
 missuracutem nisi plena cruoris binido, 
 Hor. A. I'.yin. 
 
 burbot C/'*'i) • mustela. Plln. (•lot* 
 
 fluvial ills: M. L.). 
 
 burden (subs.) : |. imuI : Cnns, 
 er;s, n. : to support a b., oims sustinere, 
 PI. : to remove the b.s from the draught 
 cattle, jumeniis o. deponere, Caes. : Ov. 
 Fig. the b. of rfuty, officii o., Cic: to 
 be ab. U) any one, oneri esse alicui, Liv. : 
 the b. of procf, o. proband!, i)ig. Phr.: 
 beasts oj 6., jumenia oneiaria, Liv.: or 
 simply Jumenta, Caes. ; ships ofb., naves 
 onerariae, Caes. ||. Taxes, pec-uniary 
 inijKJSts (q.v.): 6nus : a bo> ouyh weigh- 
 ed ilim-n by very great b.s, nmnicipium 
 ma.ximi.so. pressum.Cic. I'hr.: estates 
 uhich Here subject to b.s, praedia quae 
 serviebaiit, Cic. : estates subject to bj, 
 praedia serva, Cic. : liability of pro- 
 pierty to b.s, servitus, iiiis, /. : Cic. : 
 Ulp. /jec^ionif).*, immunis, Cic. |||, 
 The capacity of a ship : Ph r. : a ship 
 of 3(10 amphorae b., navis trecentarum 
 amphorarum, Liv. |y. A verse re- 
 
 peated in a song at certain intervaU : 
 versus intercalaris . Serv. 
 
 burden (I'-i ■ I. L 1 1. : l. Sngro, 
 
 I (not implying excess of load): v. to 
 LOAD. 2. opprimo, pressi, pressum, 
 i . to be b.'d with too much clothes, op- 
 primi injectu nmltae vestis, Tac. : Cic. 
 3. gravo, I : mules b.'d (i. e. heavily 
 laden) with packages, muli gravati sar- 
 cinis, Pbaedr. For burdened as adj. 
 (OnUstUs),V. LADEN. ||. Fig.: Toop- 
 press, overjx>we){q.v.) . 1. Onfiro, i : to 6. 
 a juryman with arguments, judicem ar- 
 gumentis o., Cic: to b. anyone uith 
 misfortuties. aliquem malis on., Virg. 
 2. opprimo, { (stronger than onero) : 
 to be b.'d with a load, onere opprimi, 
 
 Cic. : V. TO OPPRESS. 
 
 burdensome: 1. gravis, e: a 
 golden cloak is b. in summer, cold in 
 winter, aestate g. est aureum amiculum, 
 hieme frigidum, Cic. : to some peisons 
 every period of life is b., noniiuUis om- 
 nis aelas g. e»t,Cic. 2. imSrOsus: 6. 
 pluruter, on. praeda, Virg. : a more b. 
 lot, oiierosior sors, Ov. : Plin. 3. 
 molestus- v. troubljsome. Phr.: to 
 be b. to anyone, alicui oneri esse v 
 L. G. } 297. 
 
 burdock (plant) : lappa : Vng. 
 
 bureau : armarium, scrinlum : v 
 
 CI.OSl T, WKITING-UESK. 
 
 burgess : I. ^Ac inhabitant or 
 
 frieman of a borough: municeps, 
 eivis : v. buhghkr. ||, The represen- 
 tative ill I'arliamevt of a borough, pl6- 
 beins stMialor: Alilt. Defeus.: collecu 
 ively. plebs, id. 
 
 burgher: 1. munTceps, Ipis (be- 
 longing to a municipiuni or chartered 
 to-n): ab. of Cosa, m. Cosaims, Cic: 
 our felbnc-b., m. noster, Cic. 2. 
 
 Civis: V. CITIZEN. 
 
 burglar : 1. perfossor parietum : 
 PI. 2. elTractarius Sen. 3. ef- 
 fractor Paul. Dig. 4. direclarlus: 
 
 Ulp. : V. KOBUEU. 
 
 burglarious: Phr.: to charge any- 
 one II ith the b. entry of a houte, 'ali- 
 quem reum facere (s. arguerc) q'lod In 
 domum alienam vl Irruperlt ; domum 
 al. effrcgerit: v. to bkeak into. 
 
 burglariously: niore (ritu) perfos- 
 sorum . I'hr. : to enter a house b., *ln 
 domum vi irrumpere. 
 
 burglary : (domus) efifraclura : Paul. 
 Dig. T'hr. : to commit a b., parietes 
 perfodere, Cic 
 
 99
 
 BURIAL 
 
 BURNISH 
 
 BURST 
 
 burial : 1, funus, 6ris, n. : to fix 
 the piice of a b. and interment, mer- 
 cedem funeris ac sepiilturae constitueie, 
 Cic. : Hor. (often = death : q. v.). 2. 
 ggpultura (the act of burying) : the 
 most ancient kind of b., antiquissimum 
 sepulturae genus, Cic. : to give anyone 
 5., aliquem sepultura afficere, Cic. : to 
 be deprived of the honours of b., honore 
 sepulturae carero, Cic. : to claim the 
 bodies of the slain for b., corpora Inter- 
 fectorum ad s. poscere, Just. 3. ex- 
 Bgqulae: v. funeral. Phr. : to be 
 recorded in the otjicefor the registration 
 of b.s, in rationem Libitinae (prop, the 
 goddess of b.s, or her temple), venire, 
 Suet. Ner. jg. 
 
 burial-place : 1. sgpuicrum (the 
 
 b.-place of an individual or family) : 
 V. SErULCHRE. 2. Wcus sepulturae : 
 Tac. : also, locus ad sepulturam : Suet, 
 3. s6pulcretiuii : Cat. 
 
 buried (cidj) : situs : the remains of 
 Jfariiis b. on the banks of the Artio, 
 Marii sitae reliquiae apud Anienem, 
 Cic. : Tib. 
 
 burin: caelum: v. guaver. 
 
 burlesque (adj. and subs.): ridlc- 
 lilus: r. carmen, etc. (but this of course 
 Includes all kinds of amusing composi- 
 tion : Kr. and Ceorg. give [alter Eich- 
 stadt], poetae versus ad aliud quoddam 
 idque ridiculum detorti). Phr.: a b. 
 of grief, and anger, and indignation, 
 et luctus, et inie, et indignationis ri- 
 dicula imitatio. Quint. 6, 2, 26. 
 
 burlesque (".) : Phr. ■. to b. a per- 
 ton's gait. *incessum alicujus ridicule 
 imitari to b. a poem, carmen ad aliud 
 quoddam idemque ridiculum argument- 
 um detorquere : v. subs. 
 
 bnrletta : *drama musicum. 
 
 burly: corpulentus: a fat b. fellow, 
 homo corpulentus et pinguis, Cell. : v. 
 
 STOUT, LARGE. 
 
 bum(M.): A. Trans. : \, To 
 consume with fire : 1. uro, ussi, 
 ustum, } (the most general term : also 
 used of other agencies besides tire) : you 
 shall neither bury nor b. a dead man in 
 the city, hominem mortuuni In urbe ne 
 sepelito neve urito, xii. Tab. ap. Cic. : 
 she b.s the fragrant cedar-oil for lights 
 at night, urit odoraiam uocturna in 
 lumina cedrum, Virg. . to b. .'ihips, naves 
 ur., Hor. : to b. cities, urlies ur., Tac. 
 So the compounds of uro : (i.) aduro, 
 } (to b. on tlie surftxe or partially) : to 
 b. a person's clothes, alicujus vestimenta 
 a., Liv. : to b. (singe off) anyone's beard 
 or hair, allcui barbam, capillum a.. 
 Cic. : V. TO SINGE. (iL) aniburo, ; (to 
 b. all round ; over the entire surface) : 
 the burnt body of Hercules, Herculis 
 ambustum corpus, Cic. : to restore a 
 theatre that has been burnt (gutted), 
 theatrum ambustum restiluere, Suet, 
 (•ill.) peruro, } (rare : intens.) -. v. to 
 BURN UP. (iv.) comburo, j (stronger 
 than uro : to burn completely : bum up : 
 q. v.): to b. anyone alive, aliquem 
 vivum c, Cic: Caes. (v.) exuro, j 
 (— comburo) : he was burnt alive in 
 his own house, domi suae vivus ex- 
 ustns est, Cic. . v. also to purn up, 
 down. 2. cremo, i (to b. to ashes', 
 completely to destroy by fire : Habicht, 
 $ 15): to b. and destroy a city, c. et 
 diruere urbem, Liv.: to b. ships, c. 
 naves, Liv. ; the most regular word to 
 denote the cremation of a corpse : Sidla 
 wished his body to be burnt by fire, 
 Sulla Igni voluit cremari, Cic. So" its 
 comp. concremo, which is stronger : 
 they threatened to b. them aZire, vivos 
 ignl concrematuros miuabamur, Liv. : 
 tob.a city with fire (reduce it to ashes), 
 urbem igni c, Liv. 3. incendo, di, 
 sum, J (strictly, to set on fire) : v. to 
 FIRE: to b. incense and perfumes, tus 
 et odores in., Cic. : Virg. 4. in- 
 flammo, i : v. to fire, kindle. ' ||. 
 To affect or injure by fire ur heat : \, 
 idilro, J (v. supr. 1. i.) ; the philosopliers 
 in India submit to be (partially, in the 
 extremities or skin) burnt without 
 groaning. In India sapientis sine gem- 
 itu aduruntur, Cic. : bu)~r.t bread, 
 100 
 
 panis adustus, Hor. 2. torreo, ui, 
 tostum, 2 : to be burnt with fiame, 
 flamma torreri, Cic. : v. to scwrch. 
 
 3. aniburo, ; (v. supr. 1, il.) : to b. 
 the throat (of hot fond or drink), gut- 
 tureni (i. e. guttur) a., PI. : v. to singe. 
 
 4. cSquo, coxl, coctum, } : v. to 
 BAKE: v. also, sunburnt. Phr.: a 
 burnt child dreads the fire, •relugit 
 ignem puer qui seniel adustus est. B. 
 Intrans.: |. To be on fire: \, 
 ardeo, arsi, arsum, 1 : I'ac. : Virg. : v. 
 FiKE, to be on. 2. flagro, i : v. to 
 BLAZE. II, To be inflamed with pas- 
 sion: 1, ardeo, 2: to b. with grief 
 and anger, dolore et ira a., Cic. : to b. 
 with love, am ore a., Ter. : to b. for lore 
 of anyone, aliquam a., Hor. (or with 
 abl. al.) ; in aliqua a., Ov. 2. flagro, 
 1: to b. with desire ami madness, cupi- 
 dilate atque amentia f., Cic. (a stronger 
 expr. than ardere). 3. aestuo, i 
 (prop, to boil, be agitated): to b. with 
 desire, cupiditate a., Cic. : v. to BE in- 
 flamed. 
 
 bum at the end : praeuro, j : 
 stakes burnt (and so hardened) at the 
 end, praeustae sudes, Caes. : a spear b. 
 at the point, hasta praeusta, Liv. 
 
 down : 1. deuro, } : to b, 
 
 dmvn a village, vicum d., l^iv. : to b. 
 diAvn the parapets of towers, pluteos 
 turrium d., Caes. 2. exuro, } : to b. 
 douni villages (completely), vicos ex., 
 Cic : V. TO BURN UP. 3. In pass, to 
 be burnt dou-n: deflagro, i : the temple 
 of Diana ivas burnt down, Dianae tem- 
 plum deflagravit, Cic. : Liv. 
 
 in : i. e. fasten in marks or 
 
 colours by burning : inuro, j : to b. in 
 pictures (of encaustic painting), pic- 
 turas in., Plin. Ksp. of fixing a brand 
 of infamy upon any one, alicui notam 
 tnrpitudinis in., Cic. : to b. in marks of 
 indelible infamy, aeternas alicujus me- 
 moriae in. notas, Veil, (of Cicero's in- 
 vectives against Antony) : v. to brand. 
 
 out : A. r r a n s. : exiiro. 
 
 } : F i g. t the wickedness ingrained in 
 others is burnt out by fire, aliis infectum 
 scelus exuritur igni, Virg. B. In- 
 trans.: to go out, expire: e.xtinguor, 
 J : V. TO BE EXTINGUISHED. Fig.: your 
 resentments may bum out, deflagrare 
 irae vestrae possunt, Cic. 
 
 up : i. e. burn completely : 1, 
 
 concrgmo, i : two ships were burnt up 
 by a stroke of lightning, duae naves 
 fulminis Ictu concrematae sunt, Liv. (cf. 
 simple verb). 2. exuro, } : v. to 
 BURN, DRV UP. 3, comburo, }: to b. 
 tip com, frumentum c, Caes. 4. 
 peruro, j : Lucr. 5. In Pass, to be 
 burnt up : confliigro, 1 : the world must 
 needs be burnt up by such heats, confla- 
 grare terras necesseest tantis ardoribus, 
 Cic. 
 
 burn (subs.) : 1. adustlo (an ex- 
 ternat 6. ; v. TO BURN, 1, i.). Plin. : also, 
 adusta, orum, Cels. 2. ambustum (a 
 singeing or scorching) : Plin. : also, am- 
 bustlo : Plin. 3. conibustum (a b. 
 in general) : Plin. 4. inusta, orum : 
 Plin. 
 
 burnt, half : semiustus: v. half- 
 burnt. 
 
 burner (of dead bodies) : 1. ustor . 
 Cic. : Cat. 2. bustiarius • Amm. 
 
 burning (adj.) : 1. ardens, entis 
 a b. zone, zona a., Ov. : the b. pain of a 
 vound, vulneris a. dolor, Lucr. : b. ava- 
 rice, avaritia a., Cic: v. fiert. 2. 
 fervens, entis : a b. wound, f. vulnusi 
 Ov. . V. inflamed. 
 
 burning (subs.): l. ustio (cau- 
 tery): Cels.: Plin. 2. idustio (v. 
 burn, subs.): Plin. 3. deflagratlo 
 
 (a b. up): the b. up of heaven and earth, 
 coeJi atque terrarum d., Cic. : v. con- 
 flagration. 
 
 burning - glass : 1. spectilum 
 
 comburens (only applicable to mirror- 
 b.s) Bacon, Nov. Org. 2, i j, 28. 2. 
 •vitrum causticum: scient. t. t. (Kr. 
 and G.). 
 
 burnish (".) : polio, 4 : to 6. statues, 
 signa p., Lucr. : Plin. . v. to poush. 
 
 burnish (subs.) : v. gloss, lustre. 
 
 burnt-oflferiag ; hostia.vicuma: v 
 VICTIM, offering. Phr.: o whole o., 
 holocaustum : Priid. 
 
 bur-reed : spaiganlon : Plin. 
 burrow (subs.) : ctmiculus (prop, a 
 rabbit : hence of such subteri anean 
 passages as those animals construct): 
 to make b.s underground, c. sub terra 
 facere, Varr. : Plin. Phr.: to make b.s, 
 sub terris ponere domos, fodere cubilia, 
 Virg. G. I, i8j : 7/io/es always live in 
 b.s, talpae semper defossae vivunt, Plin. 
 burrow ("•)■■ sub terra cuniculos 
 facere, etc. (v. preceding art.). 
 
 burrowing (ad/.) : sublen-angus : b. 
 mice, s. mures. Sen. : a b. animal, s. 
 animal, Plin. 
 
 bursar: 1. Treasurer: q.v. ||. 
 The holds)- of a bursary : *bui>arius, 
 M. L. (" Bursarii quibus ex bursa sii- 
 pendia praestantur :" Du Cange, «. v.). 
 
 burst (^0 •• A, Trans.: 1. 
 rumpo, rupi, ruptum, }: the force if 
 the wind is unahle to b. the cloud, non 
 quit vis venti r. nubem, Lucr.: to b. 
 fetters, vincula r., Cic. : Virg. : Prop. ; 
 the water strives to b. the lead, aqua 
 tendit r. plumbum, Hor. 2. dirumpo, 
 } (b. asunder): tlie winds b. asunder 
 the thinnest part of the cloud, venti nu- 
 bis tenuissimam partem d., Cic. 3. 
 displodo, plosum, i (to b. with a noise : 
 rare and usu. in perf. part.) : Lucr. : a 
 b. bladder, displosa vesica, Hor. 4, 
 diffindo, fidi, tissum, j : v. to burst 
 asunder. B. Intrans.: 1. Kxpr. 
 by refi. of verbs given under (A.) : as, 
 (i.) rumpor : inflated vesicles b., inflatae 
 vesiculae ruinpuntur, Cic. ; the snake 
 b.s in the meadows, in pratis rumpitur 
 auguis, Virg. Fig.: to be b.ing with 
 anger, ira rumpi, Hor. ; (ii.) dirumpor : 
 to be b.ing uith grief, dirumpi dolore, 
 Cic. : to b. with laughter, risu d., Apul. : 
 (iii.) lindor : snakes b., tinduntur an- 
 gues, Ov. Fig.: my heart is b.ing, cor 
 meum f., PI. 2. dissilio, ui, 4 (to 
 spring asunder : q. v.) : the rockt b. with 
 the hot vapour, d. ferventi saxa vapore, 
 Lucr. : Virg. Fig.: to b. unth laughter, 
 risu d.. Sen. 
 
 forth or out (intr.): 1. 
 
 erumpo, j (sometimes with pron. re- 
 flect.) : to b. forth from a camp, ex 
 castris e., Oes. : they b. forth from the 
 gates, portis se foras e., Caes. ; fires b. 
 out from the top of Etna, ignes ex 
 Aetnae vertice e., Virg. Fig. : his rage 
 b. forth, furor erupit, Cic. : his passion 
 b. out against the ships, in nav.es ira- 
 cundia erupit, Caes. 2. prorumpo, 
 J : they b. out through the centre, per 
 medios proruperunt, Caes. : to 6. out 
 from the gates, portis p., lac. : the tears, 
 long restrained, b. forth, diu cohibitae 
 lacrimae proruperunt, Plin. 3. pro- 
 silio, 4 (to start out) : tears b. forth, 
 p. lacrimae, Mart. Phr.: to 6. out 
 laughing, cachinnum tollere, Cic. (v. 
 to laugh) ; in cachinnos effundi, Suet. : 
 V. also, TO burst (B. 1) : v. to break 
 out. 
 
 into : irrumpo, j : to b. into 
 
 a house, in aedes ir., PI. : Caes : v. TO 
 BREAK IN. Phr.: she perceived tltat 
 her countrymen were b iny into tears, 
 sensit lacrimas effundere cives, Lucr. : 
 the senators b. into tears, Patres in la- 
 crimas effundi, Tac. : also, lacrimls ef- 
 fundi, Virg. 
 
 open : v. to break open. 
 
 upon : Phr.: a dmdful cry 
 
 b. upon their ears, *clamor horrificus 
 aures invasit : at length the long-wished 
 for shore b.s upon their sight, *landem 
 e.xoptata oculis objicitur ora (cf. Virg. 
 A. 2, 200) : what a spiclacle all at once 
 b.s upon the vietv, *ecce, quantum spec- 
 laculum se oculis pandit ! 
 
 through: perrumpo, j: to 
 
 b. through the midst of the enemy, per 
 medios hostes p., Caes. ■ to b. through 
 Acheron, Acheronta p., Hor. 
 
 burst (subs.): Phr.: a b. of ap- 
 plause, clamores : v. acclamation ; a 
 b. of indignation, iracundiae impetus : 
 v. fit : b.s of eloquence, fulmina (?) : 
 cf. Cic Or. 6, 21.
 
 BURSTING FORTH 
 
 B U S T J. E 
 
 BUT 
 
 bursting forth (mbs.) .- gniptio : 
 Piin. 
 
 bury : I. fc inU^' a corpse : 1. 
 sSpSlio, ivi, and ii, sJpultiiin. 4 (the 
 most usual term; Including all nwdes 
 of sepulture): arise and b. your son, 
 surge et sepeli natum, Clc. : to b. bodies, 
 corpora s., Llv. : to b. bones, ossa s., 
 Ov. 2. hunio, I (to 1). in the ground; 
 but also In gen. to inter): to b. a dead 
 man, mortuum li., Clc. : VIrg. ; to be 
 cooereil with earth and b.'d, obrutos 
 terra humarl, I'lln. 3. condo, did!, 
 
 ditum, J (prop, to store avMij ; hence, 
 with some qualifying word) \ to b. the 
 dead in a lomh, mortuos si'pulcro c, 
 Cic. : to b. the bones 0/ a parent in the 
 earth, ossa parentis terra c, Virg. 4. 
 effCro, e.xlull, clatum, j (lit. to carry 
 out ; I. e. to attend to the grave) : Max- 
 imus b.'d his son ivho haul been consul, 
 MoximuB e.xtullt filium tonsularem, 
 Clc. : Hor. 5. pono, pOsui, positum, 
 } (to place; chiefly poet., and In epi- 
 taphs) : Ijicr : Virg. 6. compono, 
 } : I hare b.'d all my relations, cognatos 
 omnes composui, Hor. : Tac. 7. <le- 
 fOdio, fodi, lussum, j (prob. never of 
 proper interment) : to b. a slain guest, 
 bospitem necatum d., PI. : to b. a 
 Vestal virgin alive, Vestalem vivani d., 
 Plin. Ep. (cf. Ov. M. 4, 2)9). 8. '"- 
 fiidio, } (similar to No. 7): to b. bodies 
 in the earth, corpora terrae in., Virg.: 
 Nep. 9. cont(5go, te.xl, tectum, j (to 
 cover) : to b. titose who had fallen in 
 battle in one grave, qui In acie cecidc- 
 rant eos uno tumulo c, Llv. : Ov. 
 Phr. : Simmiides seemed to be tvarned 
 by the man trhom he had b 'd, Simonides 
 moneri visus est ab eo quern sepultiira 
 affecerat, Clc. ||, To cover or over- 
 whelm : 1. obruo, ui, utum, } : tob. 
 a treasure, thesaurum ob., Cic. : to b. 
 lupine-seed, lupinum ob.. Col. : night b.s 
 the earth in shadims, terram nox obruit 
 umbris, Lucr. Fig.: to b. adversity as 
 it were in perpetual oblivion, adversa 
 quasi perpetua oblivione ob., Cic. : v. to 
 
 OVERWHELM. 2. Sgp^liO, 4 (tig.) : 
 
 these things tvere b.'d in tlie lap of i/our 
 consulship, haec sunt in gremio sepulia 
 consulalus tul, Cic: they march into 
 the city b.'d in sleep and unne, invadunt 
 urbem somno vinoque sepultara, Virg. 
 
 3, defodio, i : to b. a razor in the 
 comitium, novaculam in coniitiuni d., 
 Clc: Liv. 4. inlodlo, j: the ttakts 
 were entirely buried in the earth, taleae 
 totae in terram infodiebantur, Caes. 
 
 5, abdo, didi, ditura, J : he b.'d the 
 sword in his side, lateri alxiidit enseni, 
 Virg. : Lucr. Phr. : to b. in perpetual 
 oblivion the remembrance of discord, 
 memoriam discordiae oblivione sempi- 
 tema delere,Cic. : v. to blot olt. |||. 
 To withdraw from public life : abdo, j: 
 he has b.'d himself in the heart if Mace- 
 donia, abdidit se In intimam Mace- 
 doniam, Cic. : / b. myself in my library, 
 abdo me in bibliothecam, Cic: to b. 
 oneself in an island, se in insulam ab., 
 Tac. 
 
 bush : 1. dumus (a thorny b.) : a 
 small column not Hsing far above the 
 bs, columella non miiltum e.xstans e 
 dumis, Cic. : Virg. Hi iioe, diimetnm, 
 prop a collectiim of b.s, but also \i8ed 
 in pi. fi>x bushes: the bidlucl.s crop the 
 b.s, tondent dumeta Juvenci, Virg. . Cic. 
 
 2. fiule.x, icis, m. : v. shri'B. 
 Also used for bushes: (the hon) hid 
 him, (the ass) in the b.s, contesit ilium 
 flrutice, Phaedr. : v. also, briak, bram- 
 ble. Phr.: you did not btat about 
 th>. b., nil circuitione usus es, Ter. : vhat 
 need is there for beating about the b.f 
 quid opus est circuitione et anifractu ? 
 Cic : good vine nveds vo b., pruba nifr.x 
 facile emptorem reperit. PI. (*bona merx 
 praeconio non eget): a bird in the. hand 
 is worth tuo in the b., spem preiio mm 
 emo, Ter. Ad. 2, j, 1 1 (^ rem Incertam 
 certa jactura non quaero). 
 
 bushel : mSdimimm or medlninus 
 ithe nearest measure : about 1 1 bushel) : 
 Cic: Nep. (N.B. — Xot modius, which 
 was about a peck, or a quarter of a b. 
 
 In 5Iatt. iv. 15, however, the word is 
 /xo5to« in the original, representing the 
 Roman modius.) 
 
 bushy : I. Thick, bush-like : frii- 
 ticosus (shrub-like) : a b. tree, arbor f., 
 I'lln. : to become b., fruticor, i : you see 
 hoii: b. the tree is becoming, arbor quam 
 frutiretur vldes, Clc: the hair becoming 
 b., fruticante pilo, Juv. ||. Full of 
 bushes: 1. friiilcosus : b. shores, f. 
 litora, Ov. 2. diimosus: Virg.: Ov. 
 3. frutectosus : a b. place, locus f., 
 Plin. 
 
 busied (<ulj.) •■ occupatus, intentus, 
 opera dlstentus : v. employed, e.\- 
 
 GAGED. 
 
 busily : navlter, Industrie, sediilo, 
 
 etc.: V. INDUSTBIOUSLY, ACTIVELV. 
 
 business: \. Trade, calling : 1, 
 ars. artis,/. (Including all skilled work) : 
 the b. of a shoemaker, ars sutrina, Plin. : 
 the b. of w coppersmith, aeraria ars. 
 Just. : cUl workmen are employed in a 
 mean b., opifices omnes in sordida arte 
 versantur, Clc. 2. arllf icium (strictly 
 the practice of an art ; hence the craft 
 itself) : V. CRAFT. 3. quaestus, us 
 (applicable to any method of getting a 
 living, creditable or discreditable) : Cic. 
 Off. I, 42. II, Occupation, affairs, 
 concerns : 1. nCgotium ■ forensic b., 
 forensla n, Cic. : to manage the b. of a 
 borough, n. munlclpii administrare, Cic: 
 to be engaged in b., versari in negotio, 
 Clc. : to transact b., n. transigere, Cic. : 
 we have finished out b., n. nostrum con- 
 fecimus, Cic. : Caes. : / wondered what 
 b. you had here, mirabar quid hie ne- 
 gotii esset tibi, Ter. : they carry on their 
 b. at their ease, suum n. gerunt otiosl, 
 Cic: a good man of b., *vir ncgotii ger- 
 endi peritus. Dimin. negotlolum, little 
 or unimportant b. ; Cic. 2. res, rel, 
 /. (1. e. matter: q. v.): he undertakes 
 the b., rem suscipit, Caes. : to transact b. 
 with anyone, rem cum aliquo transigere, 
 Cic. : I have b. u-ith you, tecum mihi est 
 res, Cic. 3. In such phrases as it is 
 my, your b., etc, e.xpr. by neut. of 
 possessive adj. or gen. of subs. : as, it is 
 your b. to see what is going on, tuum est 
 videre quid agatur, Clc. : it is the b. of a 
 good judge, est boni judicls, Cic. (v. 
 I>. G. ^ 266). 4, ratio (i. e. reckoning, 
 dealings with) : pecuniary b., numaria 
 or aeraria r., Cic. : Atessala undertook 
 the b. of the forum and the law-court, 
 fori judlciique rationem Messala sus- 
 cepit, Cic. 5. occupalio: v. exgaoe- 
 MENT, employment. IMi r. : this is your 
 duly, your b. (cf. supr. 3), tuum est hoc 
 niunus, tuae partes, Cic. : their b. was 
 money-getting, in quaestu sunt versati. 
 Cic. : one time for b., amolher for rest, 
 aliud agendl tempus, allud qiiiescendi, 
 Cic : / have alirays made it my b. to 
 keep out of uars, ego id semper egi, iie 
 bellis interessem, Cic : what b. is it of 
 his wheie you are ? quid illius interest 
 ubi sis? Cic. what b. is that of yours, 
 quid id refert tua? PI.: letters on b., 
 epistolae negotlales, Jul. Val. : b. days. 
 negotiosi dies, Tac : of legal b., dies 
 fasti, Ov. : a genuine man of b.. gcr- 
 manus negot4ator, Cic |||. Rigid (of 
 acting) : only in certain colloquial phr., 
 as, you had no b. to do so, *minime ita 
 facere debuisti, etc.: v. ought, right. 
 
 buskin: cothurnus: Virg.: Hor.: 
 Hearing the b., " buskinal" (Milt.1. 
 cQthurnatua : Ov. ■ .Sen.: v. tragic. 
 
 bust: I. The neck and bosom of a 
 human being: nearest word, pectus, 
 Oris, 71.; and esp. in the poets pectora: 
 V. BO-OM : but there is no precise equi- 
 valent. II, A statue repiesenting the 
 b. : thorax, acis, ni. : or more precisely 
 expres.s;i thorace vultus imago, Treb. 
 Tlie term imago was. however, em- 
 plijyed to denote the vaxcn b.s of distin- 
 guished ancestors which stood In the 
 atrium of a Roman : Cic. : v. statue. 
 
 bustard: otis, Tdis,/. : Piin. 
 
 bustle ("•) •■ 1. trjpldo, I : v. to 
 UK ,\L.vRMED, agitated. 2. dlscurro, 
 curri and cucurri. cursum, j (I. e. to iiiu 
 hither and thither) : the sailors b. about 
 to their duties, d. uautac ad offlcla. 
 
 Petr. Impers. : they b. about to serve 
 up supper, discurruiit ad cocnam Infer- 
 endani. Sen. 3. feslino, i : v. to 
 
 IH.IIRV. 
 
 bustle (subs.). 1. feslinatlo (v. 
 HURRY): what dties this gnat hurry 
 and b. mean r quid haec taiit;i celerllas 
 festlnatloque oignlticat? Cic. 2, trfi- 
 
 pidatlo : V. AL.VRM, AGITATIO.N. ' 3. 
 
 dlscursus, us (lit. running to and fro] 
 perhaps the most exact word): Plin. 
 Ep. I' h r. : t/ieie is a b., dlscurriliir (t. 
 verb) : there is an unusual b. in the 
 lionian camp, in castrls Romanurtim 
 praeter consuetudlnem tumultiiatur, 
 Caes.: v. stir, tumult. 
 
 busy (adj.): 1. occupatus (1. e. 
 employed, engaged: q. v.): / don't 
 doubt that you were very b., non dubito 
 quin occupatisslmus fueris, Cic: b. 
 times, tempora o., Cic. 2. nfigotiosus 
 (full of business) : we were b. with our 
 own affairs, n. eramus cum nostril 
 negotiis, PI.: a b. and troublesome em- 
 ployment, provlncia n. et molesta, Clc. : 
 .Sail. 3. vegCtus (rare): an exceed- 
 ingly b. interval of time for the hus- 
 bandman, iritervallum temporis vegc- 
 tissimum agrlcolls, Plin. 4. 0p6rosus ; 
 the b. farmer, o. colonus, Ov. : a b. time, 
 tempus o., Plin.: v. laborious, active. 
 (N.B.— vegetus denotes brisk, lively: 
 operosus. fully engaged.) Phr.: to be 
 b. with other perries' affairs, in alicnis 
 negotiis detineri, Clc. : 6. idleness, in- 
 epli labores, Plin. Ep. : v. also, active, 
 officious. 
 
 busy (v.) : chiefly as rejl., to b. one- 
 self about something: versor, i : to b. 
 oneself about a mean craft, r. in arte 
 sordida, Cic: v. to attend to, takk 
 
 CAKE OF. 
 
 busy-body : ardelio : Phaedr. : Mart. : 
 
 v. .MEliKLi-.U. 
 
 but : I. Except : 1. praeter 
 (prep, with ace.) : v. beside, except. 
 2. nisi (only after negatives, or 
 alter questions which imply nega- 
 tives): ivhat is natural affection but a 
 grateful. feeling touards ojie's parents f 
 quid est pietas nisi voluntas grata in 
 parcntes.? Clc. : history was nothing eite 
 but the compilation of annals, erat h;s- 
 toria nihil aliud nisi annalium confectio, 
 Cic : nothing is icanting here but songs, 
 nihil hie nisi carniina desunt, Virg.: 
 for no other reason but that, etc., non 
 aliam ob causam nisi quod, etc., Hor. 
 Phr.: the vineae now all but touched 
 ihe walls, vineae tantum nun j;mi In- 
 junctae moenibus erant, Liv. : promising 
 all but mou7itains of gold, modo non 
 montes auri pollicens, J'er. : he was all 
 but killed, baud multum abfuit quin 
 interficeretur. Llv.; parum abfuit quin 
 occideretur, Cic : the last da/tyl but imc, 
 dactylus proxinms a poslremo, Clc. 
 
 II, Cnly (q. v.) : mOd<3, taiitum. 
 Phr.: if but, dummOdo: v. provided 
 THAT: but for a time, dnntaxat ad 
 tempus. Cic. / had but just come from 
 my villa at Arpinum, tantum quod ex 
 Arpinatl venerani, Clc: but little, pi- 
 ruin (i. e. less than should be): plenty of 
 eloquence, but little wisdom, satis elo- 
 quentiae, sapientiae parum. Sail.: Clc. 
 
 III. t'oiy". denoting contrast or oppo- 
 sition : 1. sfd (the most Inq. equiva- 
 lent of Ihe Eng. word : ii st;iiids Hi^st in 
 its clause): (1.) denoting distinct (rpposi- 
 tion: Fausanias uas a gteut man, but 
 marked by contrasting features, P. vir 
 magnus, sed varius, Nep. : Cic. Esp. 
 after negatives: as, / ant not your 
 master, but your slave, non ego herus 
 tibi sed servus sum. PI. : Uiis ojten 
 happens, not only to individuals, but 
 also to most pouetfnl nations. Id non 
 modo singulis hominibus, sed potentis- 
 simis populis saepe contlngit, Cic. 
 (For not only .... but also, v. only.) 
 (11.) denoting limitation or correc- 
 tion : that is not petfect indeed, but 
 it is tolerable, non perfectum illud qui- 
 dem, sed tolerabile est, Cic. (iii.) in 
 tran.-ltions and resumptions: but let us 
 return to our subject, sed ad Instltuta 
 redeamus, Cic: but enough of words; 
 
 lOl
 
 BUT 
 
 B OTT E R Y 
 
 BY 
 
 attend to my orders, sed satis verborum 
 est ; cura quae Jussi, PI. : but in fact, 
 sed enim, eniraveio : v. tn fact. 2. 
 verum (similar in force to sed : also at 
 the beginning of its clause) : (i.) of 
 opposition, esp. in thought : ue are in- 
 quiring, not what is useful to us, but 
 ■what is necessary for the orator, non 
 nos quid nobis utile, verum quid ora- 
 tori necessarium sit quaerinius, Cic. : 
 Tiot only in acting but eren in thinking, 
 non modo agendo, verum etiam cogi- 
 tando, Cic: he adopts a foolish, but yet 
 a merciful plan, consilium capit stul- 
 tuin, verum tamen clemens, Cic. (ii.) 
 esp. in transitions : the calendi of Jan- 
 vary -were waited for, perhaps not 
 rightly — but let us say nothing about 
 the past, exspectabanlur calendae .ian- 
 uariae, fortasse non recte— verum prae- 
 terita omittaraus, Cic. Esp. with the 
 emphatic enimvero, but indeed '. in very 
 truth : cf. Sail. C. 20 (med.). 3, autem 
 (denoting less of opposition than the 
 two preceding words, being often = and 
 then, moreover: as it is less emphatic, 
 it follows the first word of the sentence 
 which it introduces) : (i.) to introduce 
 a gentle contrast; esp. where a word is 
 repeated : / myself write nnthing, but I 
 read (or, / reajd liouever) u-ith the great- 
 est pleasure, ipse nihil scribo ; lego aut- 
 em libentissime, Cic. : Croesus thought 
 that he should orerturn the pouer of his 
 enemies, but he oveiturned his own, 
 Croesus hostium vim sese perversurum 
 putavit, pervertit autem suam, Cic. 
 (ii.) with interjections: but lo ! a sud^ 
 den divorce, ecce autem subitum dl- 
 vortium, Cic. : v. however, moreover. 
 4. vero (implying, not so much 
 opposition, as corroboration : like autem 
 it follows the first word of its clause): 
 the Helvetii hud led three parts of their 
 forces across the river, but the fourth 
 ivas left on the hither side of it, Hel- 
 vetii tres copiarum partes flumcn trans- 
 duxerant ; quarta vero pars citra flumen 
 reliqua erat, Caes. : Cic. 5. ^it (ast 
 archaic: always placed at the beginning 
 of its clause) : (i.) to denote transition 
 of thought, and to introduce an addi- 
 tion, which usu. modifies what pre- 
 cedes : the contest was carried on vigor- 
 ously, hand to hand with stvords, but 
 the Gei-mans sustained the onset, comi- 
 iius gladiis acriter pugnatum est, at 
 Germani impetus gladiorum exceperunt, 
 Caes. (ii.) in passionate exclnmations, 
 where it often introduces something 
 quite abruptly: but horn like tkey are! 
 hut how beautiful both! at quam sunt 
 similes ! at quam formosus uterque ! 
 Ov. F. 2, J9; ; cf. Hor. Epod. ;, i : but 
 by the immortal gods ! what can be said 
 about this? at per decs immortali s ! 
 quid est quod de hoc dici possil.-' Cic. 
 (iii.) to introduce the answer to an ob- 
 jection which is anticipated : icliat fur- 
 ther is to be inquired i" whether it nas 
 donef but it is admitted: by nhomf 
 but it is evident, quid porro quaerendiim 
 est? factumne sit.' at constat: a quo? 
 at patet, Cic. : but (you urge), the me- 
 mory fails (in old age) : so I believe, 
 unless you keep it exercised, at nieuioria 
 niinuitur : credo, nisi earn exerceas, 
 Cic. 6. aiqui : usu. = and yet, q. v. 
 (i.) to connect an eniphatii; adversative 
 clause : CI. — slie makes you fine enough 
 promises; Sy.— but do you supixise that 
 the is jesting f CI. — sa'isscite promiltit 
 tibi; Si/. — atqui tu banc jocari credis? 
 Ter. (ii.) in conditional clauses: let 
 him come ; but il he lay a finger on her, 
 his eyes shall be torn out instantly, sine 
 veniat; atqui si illam digito attlgerit, 
 ocnli llli illlco effodientur, Ter. : Cic. 
 (iii.) after an expressed or virtual nega- 
 tive : N\.—you shall never carry off the 
 gold; Ch.— ■no, but you will give it 
 to me now; TVi. — nunquam auferes hlnc 
 aurum ; C/t— atqui iam dabis, I'l. : 
 3/o!t state a wondeiful thing ; scarcely 
 credible. Hut it is the fact, magnum 
 narras, vix crediliile. Atqui sic habi-t, 
 Hor. : Cic. (iv.) to connect a minor 
 premiss : Cic. : v. now . | V, Equi- 
 102 
 
 valent to the relative pronoun and a 
 negative : quln (only after negative or 
 virtually negative sentences : v. Gell. 
 17, I})- there is hardly a day but he 
 comes to my house, dies fere nullus est 
 quin domum nieam ventitet, Cic: there 
 teas no one but saiii that he had heard 
 this, nemo erat quin hoc se audisse dic- 
 eret, Cic. : / cannot but send letters to 
 you, facere non possum quin ad te lit- 
 teras mittam. Cic: there las no doubt 
 but that they were the most powerful, 
 non erat dubium quin plurimum pos- 
 sent. Caes.: not but that an ansner 
 might have been briefly given, non quin 
 breviter reddi responsum potueiit, Liv. 
 Phr. : (i.) but if , quoii si; also when 
 an alternative with si has gone before, 
 sin : but if not. quod nisi or quod ni : v. 
 IF. (ii.) but for, but that: (a) nisi or 
 ni, foil, by subj. : as, me the trunk n ould 
 have cut off, but that Faunus lightened 
 the blow, me truncus susiulerat, nisi 
 Faunus ictum levasset, Hor. (b) absque 
 (prep, with ai>l. ; only in the coUoq. 
 language of the comedians) : but for 
 tliis one thing, how fortunate am I in 
 everything else, quam fortunatus sum 
 ceteris rebus, absque hac una foret, 
 Ter. : PI. : so, but for me, you, etc., 
 absque me, te : Ter. : PI. (c) also some- 
 times expr. by the help of quominus : 
 as, but for Trebonius, it seemed they 
 would have taken the place, stetisse per 
 Trebonium, quominus oppidopotirentur, 
 videbatur, Caes. (iii.) not but that, non 
 quin: not but that I could pay my debts 
 
 .... but because non quin aes 
 
 alienum solvere possem .... sed quod, 
 etc., Sail. : Cic. (the same sense may be 
 conveyed by non quod [quia] non .... 
 with subj., followed as before by sed 
 
 quod or quia : v. THAT, BECAUSE). 
 
 butcher (•'«!>«•) •■ |. Lit. : lanuis: 
 Ter. : Cic. : a b.'s stall, liiniena : PI. : 
 Liv. : a b.'s block, mensa laniouia. Suet. 
 Ii. Fig.: 1. camifex, Icis, (a 
 term of strong reproach) : Suet. : v. 
 HANGMAN. 2. homo sanguiuarius, 
 
 tr&ciilentus : v. blood-thirsty. 
 
 butcher ("•) •• I. 'Jo slaughter- 
 
 animals: caedo, obtrunco ■ v. to kill. 
 II, To murder cruelly: 1. tru- 
 cido, I : bexvare, lest if takeit prisoners, 
 ye be b.'d like cattle, cavete neu capti 
 sicut pecora trucideniini. Sail. 2, 
 
 obtrunco, i : to be b.'d like cattle, vice 
 pecorum obtruncari, Sail. fr. : v. to mur- 
 der, MASSACRE. 
 
 butcher-bird : *IanTus excubltor : 
 Linn. 
 
 butcher' s-broom : ruscum : Virg. : 
 
 Plin. 
 
 butchery ; trucldatio : Cic. : Liv. : 
 v.si.AiTdHTER, MASSACRE. Phr.: i7idis- 
 criminate b., promiscua caedes, Liv. 
 
 butler; 1. promus: PI.: Varr.: 
 nndei-b., subpromus: PI. 2. cel- 
 
 larius: PI.: Col. 
 
 butt (subs.): I. Mark, target (q. 
 v.): sco|iiis. II, An object of ridi- 
 cule : luililirium : Liv. : Hor. : you have 
 hitherto made me your b., ludibrio ad- 
 huc me habiiisti, PI. : to be a b. of the 
 court, inter ludibria aulae esse. Suet. : 
 V. lauohixg-stock. Ill, A push or 
 thrust tvith the head : arifitiitio : Sin. 
 IV. ^ large cask: vas ligneura ma- 
 joris formae: v. barrel. 
 
 butt ("■)•• arieto, i: Virg.: Curt. 
 Phr.: beware of encountering tlie goat, 
 he b.s, occursare capro, cornu ferit ille, 
 caveto, Virg. : apt to b., fond of b.ing, 
 petulcus: Lucr. : Virg. 
 
 butter (.subs.) : butyrum (not used 
 by the Komans themselves : v. Plin. 
 28, 9, j;) butter is made from milk, 
 e lacte fit b., I'lin. 1. c. : to churnb., b. 
 exprimere crebro jactatu in (longis) 
 vasis, Plin. : Cels. 
 
 butter (»•)•• Phr.: to b. bread, 
 •panetn butyro inducere. 
 
 buttercup : *rammciUus tuberosus : 
 Linn. 
 
 butterfly ; papllio, onls, m. I Ov. : Plin, 
 
 batter-milk: (lactjs) serum: Plin. 
 
 b ittery ; cella penarla; cellarium : 
 
 V. LAROEB. 
 
 buttock : clunls, is, m. and/.; Hor.- 
 Plin. ■ a b. of beef, palasea or plasfio, 
 Aniob. 
 
 button (subs.) : *orbiciUus or gl6bii- 
 lus vestiarius : a b.-hole, (?) tissira, 
 f6ramen : v. hole : a spear tipped with 
 a b. (like fencing foils), hasta praepil- 
 ata, I'lin. 
 
 button ("0 •■ necto (nearest word) . 
 
 V. to FASTEN. 
 
 buttress: 1. anterls, idls, /.; 
 
 Vitr. : anteridion, a smatl b.: Vitr. 
 2. 6risma, ae,/. : Vitr. 
 
 buxom: |. » 6a<ie/(«(obsol.),q. v. 
 II. Comely, gay (q. v.) : lestivus, 
 venustus, etc. 
 
 buy : 1. emo, emi, emptum, j 
 (oinstr. with abl. of price, exopt in the 
 case of certain words, as tanti, quanti, 
 etc. : V. L. G. ^ 281) : for how much did 
 he b.herf quanti earn emit? PI.: to b. 
 at a less or greater price, minoris aut 
 pluris em., Cic. : to b. at a great or 
 small price, magno aut parvo em., Cic. : 
 to b. cheaply or dearly, bene aut male 
 em., Cic. : to b. pepper by the pound, 
 piper in libras em., Plin. : to b. a Jdi~m 
 on credit, fundum in diem em., Nep. : 
 to b. an oath, ju^urandum em., Cic. : to 
 
 b. pleasure by pain, voluptatem dolore 
 em., Hor. : to b. the verdicts <f jury men, 
 sententias judicum em.. Cic. 2. rS- 
 dimo. } (lit. to buy back or off: also 
 esp. In fig. sense, of purchasing rights, 
 privileges, etc.) : to b. peace with host- 
 ages, pacem obsidibus r., Caes. : to b. 
 oneself off from a jury (obtain an a£- 
 quitlal by bribery), pecunia se a judl- 
 cibus r., Cic. : v. to tlrchase. 3. 
 paro, I (lit. to get, q. v.) : / am thinking 
 of b.ing some gardens oh the other side 
 of the Tiber, cogito trans I'lberim hortos 
 aliquos p., Cic. : to b. at an immense 
 price, impenso pretio p., Caes.: v. to 
 procure. 4. mercor, 1 (refers to 
 regular traffic) : v. to trade, rUR- 
 chase. 5. nundinor, i (strictly like 
 No. 4 : often in bad sense, to make a 
 market of what ought not to be sold): to 
 b.thename of senator, senatorium no- 
 men n., Cic. : V. to traffic. 6, 
 siimo, sumpsi, sumptum. j (refers to the 
 act of taldng up w liat has been bought 
 from the stall) : to b. provisions, obsonia 
 s., Hor. : to b. statues, statuas s., Cic. 
 
 back or off : redimo : v. to 
 
 ransom, buv (2). 
 
 — up : 1. coemo, } : to b. up all 
 the goods, omnia bona c, Cic. : to b. up 
 rvith a view to selling dearer by retail, 
 
 c. ut pluris postca distrahat. Suet. 2. 
 rgdimo, }: to b. up suppressed books, 
 libros suppressos r., Suet. 3. com- 
 primo, pressi, pressuni, < : to forestall 
 the market : q. v. 4, comparo, i : 
 v. to get together. 
 
 buyer: 1. emptor: there was no 
 b. Jor the Tusculan villa, Tusculano e. 
 nemo luit, Cic. : Hor. 2. expr. by 
 part of verb: v. to buy. I'hr. : to be 
 dispcBed to become a b., empturio, 4: 
 Varr. 
 
 buying (subs.) : emptio : Cic. : Tac. 
 (or expr. by verb). Fond of buying, 
 emax, acis : Cic. : Ov. 
 
 buzz ( '■•) •■ bombum facere : Varr. 
 
 buzz, buzzing (subs.): bombus: 
 Varr. 
 
 buzzard: 1. buteo, onis, m..- 
 Plin. 2. triorches, ae, m. : I'lin. 
 
 by : Prep. : |. Of place (1.): 
 
 Near: 1. ad (with ace): the dun is 
 standing by the door, fiagitator astat ad 
 ostium, PI. : you have gardens by the 
 Tiber, babes hortos ad Tiberim, CTic. 2. 
 apad (with ace.) : to stay by a town, apud 
 oppidiim niorari, Caes. : to pass a night 
 by the water, apud aquam noctem agl- 
 tare. Sail. : .'iulpicius was silting by 
 Crassus, Sulpicius apud Crassum sedebat, 
 Cic. 3. secundum (aJoii^: with ace): 
 he had his camp by the sea, castra s. mare 
 habebat, Caes. : centaurion groirs by 
 sp)^ings, centaurion s. fontes nascitur, 
 Plin.: V. NEAR, at. (ii.) past, along: 
 q. V. (chiefly in combination with verbs ; 
 as, to sail or ride by, flow by, etc.: 
 usu. expr. by means of a pre.p. in com-
 
 B V 
 
 B Y S S IJ S 
 
 C A < O 1- )1 O N O U 8 
 
 poeltloD ; as, praetervehor, praeterfluo, 
 etc.). (lil.) on: usu. expr. I>y the abl.: 
 he prepares for war bij land and sea, 
 bellum terra et mart (terra niarique) 
 comparat, Clc. : Oiat journey is usually 
 performed by land, illud iter pcdibus 
 fere conhcl solet, Cic. ■ wheOier ve pur- 
 sue the I'artliians by land or the Britons 
 by sea, seu pedibus Parthos sequiniur 
 seu chisse Briiannos, Prop. Phr. : to 
 travel by sea. In navl vehi, Cic. : he at- 
 tacked the toii-n by Die tcay, oppidum 
 ex Itinere oppuRnavit, Caes. : Afii/auas 
 used to say that he n as n^ve)- lesf alone 
 than uhen he iras by himself, Africanus 
 solitus est dicere se iiunquaiii minus 
 solum esse quani cum solus es-set, Cic. : 
 journeys by lanU, p<Hlestria Itinera, Cic. . 
 V. OS F<X)T. II. Of time: at, within, 
 not later than. 1. fid (with ate) : / 
 will tn-ite by v.-hat days I sliall return, 
 ad quos dies redilnrus slm scribani, 
 Cic: all things nere done by the {ap- 
 pointed) day. omnia ad diem facta sunt. 
 Caes. : to return by the Ides of April, 
 ad Idus Aprilis reverti, Caes. 2. sub 
 (i. e. just upon: with ace.): the client 
 knocks at (the lawyer's) door by cock- 
 cron; sub galli cantum lonsultor osiia 
 pulsat, Hor. 3. intra (.-itricily wvWi- 
 in : wltb ace.) : the judt/e trill delirer 
 judgment by the Calends, jude.x intra 
 Call ndas pronuntiat, (Jell. 4. the ab/. 
 :s often used to e.\press this sense, and 
 ilso when "by" is equivalent, or nearly 
 so, to "during:' by early dawn the 
 messi-nger came to Amfrta, primo dilu- 
 culo nuntius Ameriam venil,Cic. : Tlie- 
 mistocles used to walk about by ni;,ht, 
 noctu ambutahat Themistocles, Cic. . 
 sometimes by day, oftener by night, non- 
 nuiiquam Interdiu, saepius noctu, Caes. 
 I' li r. : by and by, jam, mox, brevi 
 tempore- v. soon, pbesentlv. ||| 
 or other relations : as to denote the 
 igent, inNtrument, or cause ; measure 
 of excess or defect; distribution, etc.: 
 (i.) of the (/jff-n<, afUr a pas.sive verb, 
 a or ab (with abl.): Caes.: Cic. (pas- 
 sim). Note.— This construction is con- 
 fined to the case of a personal agent. 
 We also find, instead of the prep, and 
 abl., the dative, esp. after the gerundive 
 participle ; as, uHsdtrm should be enjnyed 
 by us, sapientia nobis (not a nobis) fru- 
 enda est, Cic After the gerund, indeed, 
 the prep, is only used to avoid occa- 
 sional ambiguity thus, we should say 
 for these men must be resisted by you, 
 a te (not tihi) his honiiniiius re>istend- 
 um est. The dative after other forms 
 of the passive, and the ablative without 
 a preposition, belong to the poets- as, 
 nor is she seen by any, neque cernitur 
 uUi, Virg. : thou sluili be cekbrated by 
 Varius, a siran of Homei-ic tune, scrtb- 
 erisVario, Maeonii cam.lins alite, Hor. 
 (iL) of the means or instrument, after 
 active and ])assive verbs 1. p(?r(with 
 ace.) : I did not hesitate to ask you for 
 tliat by letter, non dubitavi id a te per 
 literas petere, Cic: to march through 
 a province by force, iter per provin- 
 ciam per vim facere, Caes. : Caesar 
 ascertained this by the scouts, id per 
 exploratnres Caesar cognovit, Caes. : he 
 has by himself, without any helper, 
 mustered the forces, per se, nullo ad- 
 Juvante, copias confeiit, Cic. 2. 
 
 Usu. expr. by the simple abl. : to excite 
 the feelings of the niob by the mere 
 name and recoUectitm if his father, 
 nomine ipso et memoria patris animos 
 multitiidinis concltare, Cic : by a law 
 they fix the dejiarture for the third year, 
 in tertium anmmi profectionem lege 
 confimiant, Caes. Phr.: by your leave. 
 bona tua venia dixerim, Cic. : v. lea\ k 
 by themselves they were unable to prevail 
 upon the ,'<equani, Sequanis sua sponte 
 persuadere non poterant, Caes. (iii.) of 
 the cause, nuans, or mode : 1, e or e.\ 
 (with abl. : rare, and only of that out of 
 nhich something arises) : she is preg- 
 nant by I'amphilus. gravida e Pamphilo 
 est, Ter. : led into hope nf victory by 
 the advantage of tlie position, in speni 
 vlctoriae adductus ex opportunitate loci, 
 
 Sail. 2. expr. by the abl. alone : a 
 place suitable by nature, locus natara 
 idcinens, Caes. ; this has been occasioned 
 more by easiness than by any other 
 fault of mine, magis Id lacilitate quam 
 ulla alia culpa mea conligit, Cic. : the 
 consul himself, holding Lentulut by the 
 hand, leads htm into the senate, consul 
 LentuUim, Ipst* manu tenens, in se- 
 natum perducit. Sail. : pepper is bought 
 by weight, piper pondere emitur, Plin. 
 F'h r. he ran by steatlh into the plain, 
 furtim in campum currebat, Cic- Thisbe 
 saif the lioness by the rays of the moon, 
 leaenam ad lunae radios Thisbe vidit, 
 Ov. : by fair means, recte, Hor. : •' by 
 hook or by ciook," quocunque modo, 
 Hor. (Iv.) with words of measure- 
 ment, to denote ex'^ess or defect : this 
 is gen. expr. by the abl. of the words 
 denoting the excess or defect: he is 
 taller than you by a foot and a halj, 
 sesquipede est quam te longior, PI.: 
 Ireland is less by a half than Britain, 
 Hibemia dimidio minor est quam Bri- 
 tannia, Caes. (V.) to denote the sepa- 
 rate succes.«ion of a number of items : 
 this sense Is usu. expr. by adverbs or 
 distributive numerals: sometimes also 
 by in atid ace. : the number of Die enemy 
 is increasing day by day, crescit in dies 
 singulos hostium humerus, Cic. : the 
 siege II as more severe day by ilay, erat 
 in dies gravior oppngnatio, Caes. - to 
 buy pepper by the {/ound, piper in libras 
 eniere, Pliii.: Ihey Itegan by degrees to 
 leave the camp, paulatim ex castris dis- 
 cedere coeperunt, Caes. the vaggons 
 nere drann one by one, singuli cam 
 ducebantur, Caes.- to engage a serrant 
 by the year, *annua mercede famulum 
 conducere : v. the respective substan- 
 tives, (vi.) in adjurations : 1. per 
 (with ace.) : by gods and men, per deos 
 atque homines, Clc. : I beseech you by 
 your friendship and love, te per ami- 
 citiam et per amorem obsecro, Ter. 
 sometimes per stands at the beginning 
 of the adjuration without an ace, the 
 object appealed to being defined by the 
 clause following cf. Virg. A. 2, 142 : 
 Ov. 2, pro or proh (prop an interj. : 
 V. AH ' also Sometimes toUowrd by the 
 ace.) : by the faith of gods and tnen ! p. 
 deura atque hominum fidem ! Cic. : by 
 Jupiter '. pro Jupiter ! Ter. (but in a 
 formal oath it would be per). Phr.. 
 by Hercules '. mehercules I mi herciile ! 
 mehercle ! hercules ! hercule ! hercle ! 
 Cic: Ter.: of the same import is me- 
 dius tidius, i. e. me dius s. deus fidius 
 ( Juvet), 61/ the god if faith ' (Hercules) ! 
 by Castor ! mecastor, ecastor ! PI.: Ter. 
 (rarely used except by nomen) : by 
 FoUux .' edepol ! PI. : by Ceres '. eccere 
 or ecere : PI. : Ter. 
 
 by the br : obiter, in transcursu 
 dici-ndum est : v. in passing. 
 
 by-gone : 1. praetcritus : a b. 
 
 fault, p. culpa, Ov. : v. past. 2. 
 priscus : v. olden, ancient. 
 
 by-law : praescriptum, regiila : v. 
 
 BULK, ordinance. 
 
 by-path, -road, or -way : 1. 
 
 deveniculum : Cic. : .Suet. 2. devi- 
 um Iter: Cic. 3. devia callis: Li v. 
 
 4. frames, Itis, 7/1.: Cic: Virg. 
 
 5, scmita (any ■narrow, less fre- 
 quented path) : Cic, Virg. 
 
 by-place : locus remotus : Cic : 
 Caes. 
 
 by-stander : 1. arbiter, tri : V. 
 EYE-wiTNi-ss. 2. in^/.circumstantes, 
 ium (lit. those who stand around) : 
 among the b.s, in circumstantibus, Gell. : 
 KoifteA on the shoulders of tlie bj, alle- 
 vatus circumstantiura liumeris, Tac : 
 Curt, (the sing, may be expr. by unus 
 Lenumero]fircunistanlium). 3. spec- 
 tator : V. SPECTATOR. P 1) r. : to be a b. 
 at any occurrence, adesse alicui rei (not 
 interesse, which is to take part in): v. 
 
 TO BE PRESENT AT. 
 
 by-word : v. proverb. Phr.: to be- 
 come a b., ludibrio or opprobrio haberi. 
 
 byssus (a *"«'"'' of JlO'X) : byssus, i, 
 /.: Apul. : Plin. 
 
 c. 
 
 CAB: tisium: v. chaise. 
 cabal (.subs.): I. A body of in. 
 triguers: (.>) societas clandestina; fac- 
 tio : v. FACTION, PARTY. ||. An in- 
 trigue : clandeslinum consilium : to 
 concoct Ci, c. consiliu concfjquere, Liv. : 
 to expose c.s, c. consilia efferre, Clc. 
 
 cabal (''•)•■ clandestina con.-^ilia cim- 
 coquej-e : Liv. . to c. against anyimr. 
 clandestinis consiliis aliquem oppugtiai e, 
 Clc. 
 
 cabala : i. e. a mystic discipline of 
 the Jens: *caljala or cabbala, arauia 
 (j)l.) Judaeorum (" Hebraeorum 'Iheo- 
 sophiae libri, quos illi Cabalae nomine 
 votarunt." IMorhof, I'olyh. i, lo, 2j). 
 
 Cabalist: *cal)allsla- >1.L. (= Ju- 
 daeorum arcanae doctrinae peritus). 
 
 cabalistic : *cabalislicus iLL. In 
 a more gcneial sense; arcanu>: v. se- 
 cret, .Ml.^TK AL. 
 
 caballer: qui clandestina consilia 
 
 concoquit. 
 
 cabbage: 1. brasslca. Cic: PUn. 
 (Three sorts of brassica are enumerated 
 by Plin. 20, 9, jj : b. crispa, curly-Uavxd, 
 parsley-like c: b. helia, appar. the 
 common smooUi-leaved kind; and b. 
 crambe, with thin leaves giowing very 
 thick and close.) 2. caulis, Is, m. 
 (prop, a cabbage-staR-) ; Cic. • Plin. : 
 sometimes this word is employed for 
 brassica: Hor. 3. Olus, Sris, n. (prop. 
 any garden vegetable): Hor.: Plin. 
 
 cabin: |. a cottage: q. v. cisa. 
 ll. .In apartment in a ship : \^ 
 diaeta. the captain's c, d. magistn, 
 I'etr. 2. *conclave navale. I' h r. . 
 ships fitted with cabins, naves cublcu- 
 laiae, Sen. : c.-boy, •puer (servus, ser- 
 vulus) nauticus. 
 
 cabinet: j. -A small room: con- 
 clave, zotheca, sanctuarium (ofaprince) 
 V. chamber. Phr- ac. picture, tabula 
 minor or tabula conclavi s. cubiculo pri- 
 vato idonea. ||, A piece of furniture 
 II ith drawers, doors, etc. 1. arma- 
 
 rium (prop, a chest): PI.: Cic. 2. 
 sciinium (a box Jor papers, writing 
 materials, etc.) Hor.: v. box. |||. 
 The select council of a ruler ; the body 
 of men uko have the chief administra- 
 tion of affairs: 1. summum prin- 
 cipis consilium (cf. Cic. Phil. ■;, 7). 2. 
 *penes quos est summa rerum (admin- 
 istratio). Phr.: a man diftinguished 
 both in the c. and m tlie field, vir et 
 consilii inagni et virtutis, Caes. 
 
 cabinet-conncil : 1, *conventus 
 eorum quos penes est summa rerum 
 (administratio). 2. 'consilium secre- 
 tius (.-Vins.). 
 
 cabinet-maker : faber intestinarlns 
 (i.e. a joiner, whose work is about the 
 interior of a house) : Inscr. : Cod. 
 Theod. : snpellectilis faber (?). 
 
 cabinet-minister: 1. qui reei 
 
 a consiliis secretioribus est (?). 2. 
 *uniis ex iis quos penes est summa 
 rerum (administratio). 
 
 cable : 1. ancorale, is, n. (anchor- 
 c.) : to cut the cables, ancoralia incidere, 
 Liv. 2. ancorailus funis (= anco- 
 rale): Caes. 3. rijdens : v. rope, 
 rigging. Phr. to cut the c, ancoram 
 praecidere, Cic 
 
 cabman : cisiarlus : Ulp. 
 
 cabriolet : perb- 1. cislum : Cic 
 2. birOta: Cod. Theod. 
 
 cachinnation : cSchinnus, cachin- 
 naiio : Cic. : v. lai-qh. 
 
 cackle (''■)■" 1. strfpo, iii, }: the 
 goose seems to cackle among the clear- 
 voiced swans, videtur argutos inter s. 
 anser olores, Virg. 2. gracillo, i (of 
 bens) : Auct. Carm. Phil. 3. gingrio, 
 4 (of geese 1 : Fest. 
 
 cackling (subs.) . 1, str6pTiu.s 
 
 lis: cf. TO CACKLE (1): V. K01S^_ 2. 
 
 clangor, ori.s, m. : a perp-tuol c. (of 
 geese), perpetuus c, Plin. 3. gio- 
 gritus. us .Aniob. 
 
 cacophonous : asper, discors, li»» 
 ftuavis- v. HARSH, discordant. 
 
 103
 
 CACOPHONY 
 
 CALL 
 
 C A LL IN 
 
 cacophony: aspgrltas: Cic. Or. 49, 
 I&4 : it may also be expr. by vocum s. 
 Utterarum insuavis concursio; voces 
 male sonantes, etc.: cf. Cic. Or. 44. 
 sqq. 
 
 cactus : *cactus : M. L. 
 
 cadaverous ; 1. cadavgrosus: Ter. 
 
 2. luridus, vepallidus: v. ghastly. 
 cadence: •. e. a musical or rlii/th- 
 
 mical fall in singing or speaking : qiii- 
 dam certus cuisus conclusioque verbu- 
 rura (.'), Cic. Or. 5}, nSt or perhaps, 
 conclusio verborum suavis ac numerosa. 
 Phr. . clauses which have a pleasant c, 
 clausulae quaenumerose et jucunde cad- 
 unt, Cic. 
 
 cadet: I. -A younger son or bro- 
 ther : filius Junior, iiatu minor : v, 
 VOUNGER. II. A student in a public 
 military school : discipulus (the precise 
 application of tlie word being deter- 
 mined by the context). 
 
 cadmium: cadmium: M. L. 
 
 caesura : 1. caesura : Dioni. (the 
 current term with modern writers, as 
 Person). 2. comma, atis, n. : Mar. 
 Vict. 3. incisTo. Diom. 
 
 Caifein: *cafeina: M. L. 
 
 cage (s«i&s.) : I, A7i inclosure for 
 animals: 1, c5v6a : a bird shut in a 
 c, avis inclusa in c, Cic: Petr. : of a 
 bear's cage : Hor. 2. septum : locus 
 septus (only of a large c. for animals : 
 V. ENCU1SURE). II. A 2^'ison: q. V. 
 
 cage ("•)•■ incluilo: V. TO CONFINE. 
 
 caged: civealus: Plin. 
 
 cairn : lapidum acervus. 
 
 caisson : I. -^ imoden frame used 
 in bridge-building : area; Vitr. 5, 12. 
 II, An ammunition vaggon: "car- 
 rus ad bellicuni apparatum portandum. 
 
 caitiff: ngbiilo.sceiestus: v. knave. 
 
 cajeput (a« oil): *oleura cajuputi ; 
 M.L. 
 
 cajole : 1. lacto, i : to c. a lowr, 
 amantem I., Ter. . PI. 2. liidifico, 
 
 1 : V. TO FOOL, DECEIVE. 
 
 cajoler : blandus homo ; frustrator • 
 
 V. DECEIVER, flatterer. 
 
 cajolery : blandlUae, blandimenta : 
 
 V. KLATTEny. 
 
 cake (subs.) : I. An article of 
 food: 1, libum(made of_/io(M-, d((!es«;, 
 and egg) : Cato : Ov. : Hor. 2. pla- 
 centa (also a sweet cake, of thin flat 
 shape) : Cato : Hor. (who uses it as 
 synon. with Ubum, Ep. i, 10, 10). 3. 
 p5panum (a sarri/lcial cake) : Juv. 
 (The terms libum and placenta likewise 
 denote ca/rres used in sacrifices.) |j. A 
 cake-like mass: massa, offa: v. mass, 
 
 LUMP. 
 
 cake ('"■ intr.) : concresco, crevi, 
 cretum, i (i. e, to become clotted, to ad- 
 here together) : Lucr. : Cic. 
 
 calamine: 1. cadmia: PUn. 2. 
 calaniina : M. L. 
 
 calamitous : 1. exitiosus, per- 
 nlciosus: v. DESTRUCTIVE. 2. Cala- 
 mi Losus: a most painful ajul c. war, 
 acerbissimum et calamitosissimum hel- 
 ium, Cic. : c. victories, c. victoriae. Suet. 
 
 3. lacrimosus, lucluosus: v. la- 
 mentable. 4. filiiestus . V. fatal. 
 
 calamitously: caliiniitose: Cic 
 
 calamity: 1. calamitas: a great 
 public c, magna c. leipublicae, Cic. : to 
 endure c.s, calamitates perferre. Cues. 
 2. cliiJdes, is,/. . stronger than No. 
 1 : V. DISASTER, defeat. 3. malum 
 (the most geneial terra : v. evil) : no c, 
 nihil mali (with ref. to the death of 
 Sclpio), ( ;ic. yield not thou to c, tu ne 
 cede mails, Virg. • civil c.s (i. e. ivars, 
 factions, etc ), civilia m.,Cic. 4. fatum: 
 a day of destruction andc, exiiii ac f. 
 dies. Cic. : v. FATALrrr. 5. infor- 
 tunium, res adversa : v. misfortune, 
 ADVEHSITT. Phr.: in the midst of 
 these c.s, in his asperitatibus rerum, 
 Cic. . to be in the midst of c.s, in mi- 
 seriis versarl, Cic. : v. misery. 
 
 calcareous : c-a'ci similis ; calcis 
 naturam h:il)ens: v. lime. 
 
 calcination : *calcinatio : M. L. 
 
 calcine : Ph r. : to c. bones, *ossa In 
 pulverem comburendo redigere (ver- 
 tere). 
 
 104 
 
 calcium : calcium : M. L. 
 
 calculable : 'quod numerari s. aesti- 
 mari potest: v. to calculate. 
 
 calculate : \. 'fo compute .- l. 
 expr. liy some verb with calciilus (lit. 
 a pebble , pebbles being used in calcu- 
 lations) : to c. the value cf anything 
 narrowly, aliquid exigue ad calculos 
 vocare, Cic: to c. the pleasure to be 
 derived from anything, voluptatum 
 calculos subducere, Cic. : more fully, 
 iuiposito calculo aliciyus rei rationem 
 computare. Col. 2. compitto, i : to 
 c time not by days but by nights, 
 non dierum numerum sed noctium c, 
 Tac : Col. (I. c.) : Plin. 3. ineo, 4 : 
 the number of the slain could not 
 easily be c.d. Humerus interfectorum 
 baud facile iniri potuit, Liv. • to c. an 
 account, rationem in., Cic. 4. repiito, 
 I : to c. eclipses of the sun, soils detec- 
 tioiies r., Cic • Tac. 5. subduco, 
 duxi, ductum, j : toe. the total, s. sum- 
 mam, Cic. Fig.: the accounts having 
 been c.d I have summed up my delibera- 
 tions, rationibus snbductis summam 
 feci cogitationum mearum, Cic. : Ter. 
 II. To estimate (q. v.): aestimo, 
 existimo. 
 
 calculated (adj.) .- l. e. adapted: 
 aptus, accommodatus : v. also to fit. 
 
 calculation : 1. ratio : to make 
 a c, r. ducere, Cic; r. inire. Cic: long 
 c.s, longae r., Hor. : v. account. 2. 
 calciilus ; c.s and accounts, c. atque 
 rationes. Quint. : to subject anything to 
 an exact c, ad calculos aliquid vocare, 
 Cic. : V. TO calculate (1). 
 
 calculator: 1, rJiliocinator: Cic: 
 Ulp. 2. compiitator; Sen. 3. (an 
 instrument for making calculations) : 
 abacus : v. Diet. Ant. s. v. 
 
 calculous : calculosus . Cels. 
 
 caldron : 1. cortina -. ac.of lead, 
 c. pluiubea, Cato : of copper, c. aerea, 
 Plin. 2. ahenuin (also aenum : poet.) : 
 a blazing (i. e. surrounded with flame) 
 C, ardens a., Juv. : Virg. 3. lebes, 
 etis, m. (Gr. Ae'/Si;?) : v. tripod. 
 
 calendar : 1. fasti, orum : Caesar 
 corrected the c, Caesar fastos correxit. 
 Suet.: to expunge the (ivxmes of) con- 
 .•^uls from the c, consules ex f. evellere, 
 Cic. : he has recourse to the c, and esti- 
 mates excellence by years, redit ad fastos 
 et virtutem aestiniat annis, Hor. : v. 
 annals, ALMAN.4C. 2. caleiidarium : 
 Inscr. Phr.: a c. month, *niensis legi- 
 limus s. ex fastis dictus. 
 
 calender (v.) .• *textilia inter cale- 
 factos cylindros premere. 
 
 calender (subs.) .• (.') tormentum : 
 Sen. Tranq. i, 4. 
 
 calendrer : qui textilla premendo 
 splenUida reddit • cf. Sen. I. c. 
 
 calends : calendae, arum (Kal.) : v. 
 Diet. J^.llt. art. " Calendarlum." Pro- 
 verb.: to pay at the Greek C.s. i. e. 
 never, ad Calendas Graecas solvere. 
 Suet. (N.B.— The name of the month is 
 used with calendae, as an adj. : e. g., at 
 the C.S of March, Kal. Marliis, not 
 Martii.) 
 
 calenture : ciilentura : SI. L. : V. 
 
 FE\ER. 
 
 calf: I. The young of the cow: 
 vitiilus and vitula: Cic: Virg. Adj. 
 vitulinus, of or belornging to a c. ; Cic 
 II. A dolt, blockhead: q. v. |||, 
 The c. of the leg : siira • well-turned cs, 
 teretos s., Hor. : thick c.s, tumcntes s., 
 Hor. :_ Virg. . Plin. 
 
 calibre: Phr.: the c. of a gun, 
 *niensura tubi sclopeti (toiinenti) : a 
 man of small c, homo parvo Ingenio : 
 
 V. ABlLITr. 
 
 calico : lina xylina («. pi.) : Plin. 
 19. «. 2. i- 
 caligraphy : v. penjianship. 
 
 calk : 1. piCO, I : V. TO PITCH. 
 
 2. expr. by circuml. . *rimas na- 
 vium stuppa farcire et pice oblinere. 
 
 Calker : expr. by verb : v. to calk. 
 
 call (v.): A. Trans. • |. To 
 name : 1. appello, i : do not c. me 
 by a false name, ne me appella falso 
 nomine, PI. : ue c. com Ceres, wine 
 Bacchus, fruges Cererem appellamus. 
 
 vinum autem Bacchum, Cic. : lie i* c.'A 
 king, rex appellatur, Caes. 2. n»- 
 mino, I V. to name. 3. v6co, I 
 (more freq. to summon: v.infr.): the 
 hill is now c.'d the Quirinal, colUs nunc 
 Quirinalis vocatur, Cic. : you ivould c. 
 me unjortunate, me miserum vocares, 
 Hor. 4. vocito, i (to c. habitually) : 
 Vemetrius, icho was usually c.'d Fha- 
 lereus, Demetrius, qui Phalereus vocl- 
 tatus est, Cic. : Lucr. 5. dico, dixi, 
 dictum, } : lie c.'d the rvhole country 
 Chcutnia, Chaoniam oninem dixit, Virg.: 
 Cic. : Hor. 6. usurpo, 1 (c. habitu- 
 ally) : Laelius is usually c.'d tlie wise, 
 Laelius sapiens usurpatur, Cic. 7. 
 In pass., to be c.'d : audio, 4 (esp. poet., 
 and in special phr.) : or choosest thou 
 rattier to be c.'d Janus? seu Jane liben- 
 tius audis? Hor. (Milton, "or Ivear'st 
 tliou rather pure ethereal stream ") : to 
 be c.'d ill names, be ill spoken of, male 
 a., Cic. : V. to be spoken of. 8. 
 cliieo, cliio, 2 and } (also with pass, 
 sense : only in archaic language) : Lucr. 
 Phr.; that disease is c.'d avarice, ei 
 morbo nonien est avaritia, Cic, : t/ie boy 
 was c.'d Egerius, puero nomen Egerio 
 est inditum, Liv. ||. To summrni, 
 invite: q. v.; 1, voco, 1 : u7to csf 
 who names me f quis v. i quis nominal 
 raef PI. : to c. the Roman people to 
 arms, populum R. ad arma v., Caes. 
 Fig.; /c. your proceedings to account, 
 quae fecisti in judicium voco, Cic. 2. 
 advOco, I : toe. the chief men to a 
 council, viros primaries in consilium 
 ad., Cic. Fig.: ue c. the mind home, 
 animum ad se ipsum advocainus, Cic. . 
 to c. to Hii'nd, in memoriam redigere or 
 rediicere, Cic; Alcides e.s all anns (to 
 his aid), Alcides omnia arma advocat, 
 Virg. B. I n t r a n s. : chiefly in phr 
 to call out, etc. : q. v. 
 
 — aside or apart : sevOco, i : to 
 c. one's master aside, herum s., PI. ; Ite 
 began to c. them aside one by one, s. 
 singulos coepit, Caes. : Cic. 
 
 — away: 1. avOco, i ; w c. 
 away a part of an army for war, par- 
 tem exercitus ad helium av., Liv. : old 
 age e.s ns away from active life, a rebus 
 agendis avocat senectus, Cic. 2. de- 
 voco, I (lit. to call doivn, q. v.). F' i g. : 
 avarice did not c. him away from his 
 settled course, non ilium avaritia ab in- 
 stituto cursu devocavit, Cic 3. re- 
 voco, 1 : esp. in tig. sense ; the hope 
 of pluiider called titem away from la- 
 bour, spes praedandi eos a labore revo- 
 cabat, Caes.: to c. away Uie mind from, 
 the senses, mentem a sensibus r., Cic: v. 
 to withdraw. 
 
 — back : rgviSco, i : as often as I 
 tvish to go oat you detain me, c. me back, 
 quoties foras ire volo, me retines, re- 
 vocas, PI. : to c. anyone bask from a 
 journey, aliquem ex itinere r., Cic. 
 
 — down : devoco, i : he c.'d doivn 
 his men J rum the rising ground, suos ab 
 tunmlo devocavit, Liv.; to e. doit^i phi' 
 losophy from the sky, philosopliiam e 
 coelo devocare, Cic. 
 
 for : postulo, quaero : v. TO de- 
 mand, re<juire. 
 
 forth or out : 1. evoco, I : to 
 
 c. legions foith from winta'-quarters, 
 legiones ex hibernis e., Caes. : they c. 
 out oar men to fight, nostros ad pugnam 
 evocant, Caes. ' Liv. 2. pro\ oco, i : 
 
 v. TO PRO\OKE, CHALLENGE. 3. eX- 
 
 cieo and excio, civi, cilum and citum, 2 
 and 4 : why have youc.'d me out in front 
 of the houses' quid est quod me excivisti 
 ante aedes.' PI. : to c. forth the enemy to 
 fight, hostes ad dimicandum acie ex., 
 Liv. 4. elicio, licui and lexi, lectum, 
 } (to draw, entice out : esp. of calling 
 forth a deity) : to call forth a deity 
 from the sky, e. caelo ileum, Ov. : to c. 
 forth the dead from their tombs, e. 
 manes sepulcris, lib. : v. to call up. 
 
 in : advoco, I (c. as legal ad- 
 viser) : he e.s in many good men, viros 
 bonos complures advocat, Cic. Phr.: 
 to c. in a physician, medicum arcessere, 
 PI. : to c. in a physician to a sick man, 
 medicum aegro admovere. Suet. : to C.
 
 CALL OUT 
 
 CALMLY 
 
 CAMP 
 
 in one's (lent) money, pecuniam religere, 
 Hor. • to c. in one s debts, nomina sua 
 exigere, Cic. 
 
 call out: I. Trans.: ev6co, pro- 
 voco, etc. . V. supr. to call forth. 
 II. I n t r a n s. : to call aloud : cla- 
 mo, exclamo . v. to cry out. 
 
 over : rgclto, i. to c over the 
 
 senate, senatum r., Liv. 
 
 on or upon : |. To appeal to: 
 
 esp. for help : J. inclamo, i (with 
 dot. or a/x.) : he c.'d vpon his com- 
 panum, comitem suum inclamavit, Cic. . 
 the Alban army c,s iqwn the Curiatii 
 to assist their brother, Albanus oxer- 
 cltus inclamat Curiatlis, uti opem ferant 
 fratri, Mv.: Hor 2. ciSo, civi, citum, 
 2 (to call any one's mme aloud): toe. 
 <m one's master, lierum c, Pi. . to c. 
 vpon 07ie's ancestors, majores suos c, 
 Tac. 3. appcllo, i (v. to appeal 
 TO) : whither shall I go, or whom shall I 
 c. upon f quo accedam, ant quos appel- 
 Iem.> Sail.: Cic. ||. To jxiy a short 
 visit to : 1, convfnio, venl, venliini, 
 4 (with ace): Batbus has got the gout 
 so badly that he doesn't wish to be c.'d 
 upon, B. tantis pedum doloribus affic- 
 itur ut se conveniri nolit, Cic- Pi. .- 
 but the word Is equally applicable to a 
 meeting in the street or elsewhere . v. 
 INTERVIEW. 2. inlrOeo, 4 : to c. upon 
 Cicero vnth the pretence of paying their 
 respects to him, sicuti salutatum ad 
 Ciceronem in., Sail. 3. ^'so, j : v. to 
 vrsiT, GO TO SEE. 4. fiiluto, I (strictlj' 
 to salute ; q. v. : hence, to pay a com- 
 plimenlary visit) : Cic. Virg. 
 
 — to (oneself) ■ advOco, voce : v. 
 TO CALL (11.). 
 
 — together : convSco, conclamo 
 (by shouting) : v. to assemble, con- 
 vene. 
 
 UP : 1. exclto, I : toe. %ip 
 
 any one from the dead, aliquem a mor- 
 tuis ex., Cic. : to c. vp witnesses, testes 
 ox., Cic. to c. up a laugh, risum ex., 
 Cic. 2. suscito, I : / v-ill c. you up 
 as a witness against yourself, te contra 
 te testem suscitabo, Cic. v. to awake, 
 arouse. 3. ellcio, J (V. TO call 
 
 forth) . to e. up the souls of the dead, 
 snimas Inferorum e., Cic. : Ov. Tib. 
 
 call (subs.) : I, A verbal summons 
 or address : 1, v6Latus, us (only in 
 abl. sing) : the serrate at the r. ofDrusus 
 entered the senate-house, senatus vocatu 
 Drusi In curiam venit, Cic. : Virg. 2. 
 More usu. expr. by part, of verb as, 
 thou hearest our c. (of a deity^, audis 
 vocatus, Hor. : refuse not to hear our c, 
 ♦ne asperneris vocantes; v. to call. 
 
 3. vox, VOCiS, /. : V. VOICE, CRY. 
 
 4. clamor (a loud ciy) : v. shout 
 P h c : to take up arms at the c. of one's 
 fOM«<ry, *patria jubente anna sumeve. 
 a c. of the house. *rccitatii> seiiatoriim 
 Dominum, or simply recitatio senatus 
 V. to call OVER (better expr. by verb' 
 as, a c. of the house took place, senatus 
 recitatus est). jj. Demand, re/jui- 
 siti'm : q. v. Plir. : the c.s of nature, 
 rcquisita naturae. Sail. . to malce large 
 c.s upon any one, *magna ab aliqiio 
 postulate. Ill, /ncitodo?! (either ex- 
 ternal or internal) to undertake any 
 office: Pbr. : lest ye should seem to 
 have refused to accept a c. from God, 
 ne munus assignatum a Deo defugisse 
 videamini, Cic. to have a c. from 
 heaven to ami particular work, *a Deo 
 «d aliquod ministerium vocari, desig- 
 nari : to be obedient to the heavenly c, 
 •flivinis jussis parere. |V. A pipe ox 
 whistle • fistula : v. catcail. V, A 
 short visit : salut&tio : Cic. : Sen. 
 Phr. : to pay a c, s&luto, convgnio, 
 
 etc. : V. TO CALL UPON. 
 
 caller : I, One who calls : \oca- 
 tor: Sen.: Plin. (or, more freq., expr. 
 by part of verb : v. to call). ||. 
 A visitor: 1. silfltator : Suet.: Mart 
 2, esp. in pi. saiutans, ntis . Virg. : 
 Mart. 
 
 callins (subs.) .- |. Verbal subs. : 
 expr. by verbs for to call: q. v. ||, 
 Vocation, profession : 1. ars, artlf i- 
 dum ; quaestus ; v. business. 2. 
 
 munus, ?ris, n. ■ v. office, function. 
 Ill, Calling in of money. 1. ex- 
 actlo • Cic. Liv. 2. coactio: Suet. 
 
 callosity : i e. a ?iard shin, or the 
 qualitii i)( such : 1. cailum or callus • 
 Cic : Gels. 2. callositas Veg. : Scrib. 
 
 callous : |. 1.. i t. ■ callosus : Cels. : 
 Pllii. II. Fig: of themmd- expers 
 sensus v. insensible. Ksp. in phr. to 
 become c. .- 1. occailesco, callui. j 
 (also found in lit. sense : Pi.) : / have 
 noil' become entirely c. Jam prorsus oc- 
 callul, Cic. 2. percallesco, j (to 
 become ({uite c.) Cic. 3. obduresco, 
 durui, J • V hardened, to be. 
 
 callousness : v. insensibility. 
 Phr. tnitut(t7ice of pain is one thing, 
 c. another, *alrud est paiientem doioris 
 esse, aliuil jam oicalluisse. 
 
 callow : implumis, e • o bird silting 
 vpon her c. young, assidens implumibus 
 puUis avis, ilor . i'lin. 
 
 calm (odj.) : 1, placidus (v. gfn- 
 tlf) : c. sleep, p. somnus, Ov. • a c. sky, 
 p. coclum. Sit. . a c. sea, p. maie, I'lin. 
 Fig. c. and gentle old age. p. ac lenis 
 senectus, Cic. : o c. speech, p. oratio, 
 Cic. : a very c. peace, placidissima pax, 
 Cic. 2. sedatus (i. e. quiet, still) a 
 c. riven-, s. amnis, Cic. Fig.: to write 
 with a c.er mind, sedatiore animo scrib- 
 ere, Cic. 3. tranqulUus (unnifflid, 
 undisturbed) : the sea i^ in its oivn 
 nature cm-Ave sua natura t. est. Cic. ; 
 c. waters, t. aquae, Ov. : a c. day, t. 
 dies, Plin. ■ a c. and serene forehead, t. 
 et serena frons, Cic. Fig.; a c. mind, 
 t. animus, Cic. : c. old age, t. senectus, 
 Hor. 4. placatus (strictly of what 
 once was not calm): c. seas, p. maria, 
 Virg. : very c 7t.s(, qnies placatissima, 
 Cic. Fig.: a c.er mind, placatior ani- 
 mus, Liv. 5. quietus (i. e. at rest) : 
 v. quiet. 6. aequus (i. e. even, 
 equable ; only of the mind) : to bear 
 anything with a c. mind, aliquid aequo 
 animo pati, Cic. . Hor.; v. equaximitv 
 Phr.: to become calm : resTdo, sedi, } ■ 
 he hoped their minds had not yet become 
 c.from the previous war, eorum mentes 
 noiidum ab superiore bello resedisse 
 sperabat, Caes. . their hearts have be- 
 come c. from snelling vnath, corda ex 
 tumida ira resederunt, Virg. 
 
 calm (subs.) : 1. tranquillltas . 
 we in the long ships intended to lie m 
 wait for the 'c.s, nos longis navibus 
 tranquillitates aucupaturi eiamus. Cic. : 
 Caes. : Liv, Ji. iranquillum (only in 
 oblique cases sing.): to ivish in ac.for 
 bad weather, in traiiquillo tempeslateui 
 adversam op tare, Cic. : in a c, as tliey 
 say, any one who pleases is steersman, 
 tianquillo, ut aiunt, quilibet gubernator 
 est. Sen. 3. maliicia (a dead c. at tea: 
 Gr. naAcoci'a) • Caes.; v. calmse,-..s. 
 
 calm (v.): I. Lit,: to still the 
 
 sea, etc.: 1. sedo, i (to still, quiit, 
 allay : q. v.) : the tempest is c.'d, tcm- 
 pestas sedatur, Cic. 2. tranquillo, i 
 (to render smooth, unruffled) • " to c. the 
 troubled waters," mare t. (of oil), Plin. 
 3. placo, I (fig.): Aeolus cs the 
 seas, Hippotades aequora p., Ov. 4, 
 Ifnio, 4' v. TO appease. ||. Fig.: 
 1. scdo, I : to c. anger, irain s., I'i. • 
 Cic. v. TO ALLAY. 2. tianquillo, I; 
 to c. the feelings, aiiimos t., Cic (Tran- 
 quillo is a more fig. expression than 
 sedo : cf supr. 2.) 3. placo, I (i. e. 
 to reduce to peace and quietness) : to c. 
 and appease the feelings, animos p. ac 
 lenire. Cic : v. also to soothe 
 
 calming (subs.) : sgdalto : the e of 
 the mind, aninii s., Cic. (But usu. best 
 expr. by part of verb • v. TO calm.) 
 
 calmly: 1. leniter (i. e. with 
 
 gentle, evt-n course) : to bear a thing 
 c, aliquid 1. ferre, Ov. . to pass one't 
 life c, I. traduc<>re aevum, Hor. 2. 
 placate : let tis bear all human events c. 
 and with moderation, omnia Immana p. 
 et moderate feramus, Cic 3. pl&clde : 
 to bear pain c. and composedly, p. et 
 sedate ferre dolorem, Cic. 4. sedate ; 
 PI. . etc. 5. tranquille : to speak c, 
 t. dicere, Cic : .Sen. (For the dlff. 
 between the above, coiiip. c.^lm, adj.) 
 
 calmness ; 1. tranquillltas (both 
 lit. and hg ) : c. of mind, animi t., Cic . 
 c. of life, t. vltae, Cic. 2. tran- 
 
 quilluni: the republic uus relucal toe, 
 respublica in tranquillum redacta est, 
 Liv. : 'I'er. : v. calm. 3. Of the 
 
 mind : aequus animus : to witness any- 
 thing with c, aliquid aequo a. videre. 
 Cic- V. EQUANi.MiTY. (Calmness of 
 mind ma.v also Ije expr. b^- placidus 
 animus, tranquillus animus, «ic. : t. 
 calm.) 
 
 calomel : cai6melas, anis, n, ; M. L. 
 
 caloric: prob. the bl•^t word for 
 scicni. t. t. is ignis: cf. Lucr. i, 657. 
 
 calorific : calorlflcus (rare) : Gell. 
 
 caltrop : I. -^ kind of thistle : 
 tribiilus; Virg.: Plin. ||. A military 
 in.Hriwient : 1, tribQlus: Veg. 2. 
 niurex, icis, m. : iron cs, ta. ferrei. 
 Curt. 
 
 calumniate : 1. crimlnor, i : / 
 was afraid lest she shoiili c. me to you, 
 banc metui ne me criminaretur tibi. 
 Ter. : V. TO SLANDER. 2. opprobrii 
 falsa dicere : v. calumny. 3. obtrectu, 
 
 1 : v. TO REVILE, disparage. 4. 
 
 naalCdico- v. to revile. 
 
 calumniation : v. calumny. 
 
 calumniator: 1. obtrectator: 
 the charges if cj, obtrectatorum crimi- 
 natlones. Suet.- Cic; v. revileb. 2. 
 ma I edlcus s. mSlf ilicens homo ; v. calum- 
 Nious. 3. crimlnator (v. rare) : PI.: 
 Tac. (Not calumniator; which denotes 
 a false accuser, or one who l/rmgs legal 
 actions against any one for gain: Gr. 
 CTVK0(/>a;'T7)<;.) 
 
 calumnious: 1. crimTnOsus: c. 
 Iambics, c. Iambi, Hor.: Cic: v. SLAJf- 
 dkrocs. 2. calumniOsus. a c. accu- 
 sation, c. accusatio, Ulp. : e. charges, 
 c. criminationes, Arnob. 
 
 calumniously : 1. crimlnose : 
 
 Cic: Suet. 2. caluraniose ; Dig. 3. 
 per calumniam (only if the reference is 
 to a formal false accusation : q. v.). 
 
 calumny : 1. maiedictum : to 
 
 heap c.s upon a person's life, m. in ali- 
 cujus vitam conjicerc, Cic- v. abuse. 
 2. criminatio falsa • Cic. (also 
 simply criminatio, esp. in pi.: Liv). 
 3. opprobrium falsum to be ai- 
 sailed by cs, op. falsis morderi, Hor. : 
 v. reproach. Phr.. to invent cs, 
 crimina fingere, Cic : to bespatter the 
 lustre of a life with cs, splendorem 
 vitaemaculisadspergere, Cic. to indulge 
 in cs against a man beJiind hit back, 
 absentera aliquem rodere . Hor. : v. to 
 backbite. 
 
 calve : parere : v. to bpjng forth. 
 
 Calvinism: 'calvlnlanismus- Morh. 
 Polj'. I, 10, Ji. (But the word should 
 onl.v be used in purely technical sense : 
 and even then Calvini dogmata would 
 usu be prelerable.) 
 
 calvinist: *calvinianus : Morb. I.e. 
 (Better usu Calvini sectator s. discip- 
 
 UlUS : V. FOLLOWER.) 
 
 calyx: 1. calyx, yds, m. : Plin. 
 2. calathus : Col. 
 
 cambric : tgnulsslmum linum ; Cic 
 Vtrr. >;, II . v linen. 
 
 camel : camelus : Cic. : Plin. : c 
 Biictriaiius. Liim. Phr.. camel's milk. 
 cameliiuini lac. Plin. : a c. driver, 
 came liirius, Arcad. IHg. 
 
 camelopard: caiuei6pardaiis,ls,/.: 
 Varr. i'lin. 
 
 cameo : 1. imago ect.f pa : Sen. 
 Ben. J, 26. 2. ectypa scalptura: 
 
 Plin. J7. '°. 6; 
 
 camera obscura: *camfra obscfira . 
 M. L. 
 
 camlet: pannus ex pilis caprinis 
 fact us. 
 
 camomile : anthemls, idls,/. .- Plln. 
 
 camp (subs.) : caslra, orum : to pitch 
 a c, c ponere. C^es. : to clioose ground 
 for a c, locum castrls capere. Sail. : ta 
 break up a c, c movere, Caes. : Liv. : a 
 permanent c, castra stativa, Cic ; a 
 summer c, aesliva c, SueU (or simply 
 aestiva . Cic. . Tac.) : a u-inter c, c. 
 hibema, Liv. (or oftener, simply hibema, 
 Caes.) ; a very strongly J ortijied c, muni- 
 tissima c, Cic. Pbr.." the method of cs 
 105
 
 CAMP 
 
 O A N K KR-W O R M 
 
 C A N V A S S 
 
 aTid warfare, castrensis ratio et mililaris, 
 Cic. : c. amusenients, castrenses ludi, 
 Suet.: to measure or lay out a c, cas- 
 tramgtor, i : (or as two words, castra 
 tnetor): Tac. : Li v. 
 
 camp ("•)•• V. TO ENCAMP. 
 
 camp-follower: 1. caio. onis: 
 
 Caes. : Liv. 2, iixa: Liv. : yuint. 
 
 campaign : 1. stipendium (esp. in 
 plu.) : the young men had now completed 
 the eighth c, juventus octavo jam s. 
 funcia erat, Hirt. ; he had served the 
 fewest c.s, niinime multa s. habebat, 
 Liv. : thirty c.s, tricena s., Tac. 2. 
 aestiva, orum (as operations were con- 
 fined to the summer months) : Hirt. . 
 Veil. 3. tirocinium (one's ^)S< c.) : 
 
 Liv. : Just. 
 
 camphor ; camphora : M. L. 
 
 camphorated : camphoratus : M. L. 
 
 can (sute.) ; hirnea : v. jug. 
 
 CanC"-)- 1. piissum, pot 111, posse 
 (foil, by inf. ; and u^ed of all kinds of 
 ability or possibility) : the enemy can 
 no longer knUi out, hos es diulius sus- 
 tinere rum possunt, Caes. lie says he 
 cannot grunt any one a passage through 
 the province, negat se p. iter ulli per 
 provinciara dare, Caes. : all is now being 
 done which I ajlirmed could not be done, 
 omnia nunc fiunt fieri quae posse ne- 
 gabam, Ov.: as diligently as I possibly 
 could, ut [quanij dillgentissime potui, 
 Cic. (v. possiBLR, POSSIBLY): / cannot 
 but exclaim, non possum (4uin e.\clanipm, 
 Cic. (more ireq. facrre non possum quin, 
 etc. : V. BUT, iv.) : / cannot but vnite 
 to you, ut nihil ad te dem literarum 
 facere non possum, Cic. 2. queo.quivi, 
 quitiim, 4 (less Ireq. than possum, and 
 referring rather to possibility from cir- 
 cumstances than to inherent ability : 
 with inf.): as ne can. since ue are not 
 at liberty to cio as we mil, ut quimus, 
 quando ut voluraus non licet, Ter.. 
 most freq. with negative: as, / cannot 
 write the rest, non queo reliqua scribere, 
 Cic: Hor. : for which we have 3. 
 nequeo. quivi, itum, 4, which is far 
 more frequent than the simple verb: 
 / cannot but weep, nequeo quin lacri- 
 niem, Ter. ■ ye cannot look straight at 
 the sun, solem adversum intueri ne- 
 quitis, Cic: Hor. Phr. : which cannot 
 be said in verse, quod versu dicere non 
 est, Hor.: do what you can to save my 
 son, serva, quod in te est, tilium, Ter. : 
 he can do what he chooses, i. e. is his 
 own master, suae potestatis est. Nep. ; 
 / cannot tell what to do about the child- 
 ren, de pueris quid agam non habeo. 
 Cic. : / can assert that as a positive fact, 
 Ulud afErmare pro cerio habeo, Liv. : 
 " what cannot be cured must be en- 
 dured," levius fit patieutia quicquid 
 corrigere est nefas, Hor. When can or 
 cannot refer to knowledge or ignorance, 
 as of an art, they may be rendered by 
 scio, nescio : v. to know kow : when 
 can signifies to be at liberty, it is e.\pr. 
 by licet: v. may; to be at liberty. 
 Also can in combination v\'ith a passive 
 verb may often b« expressed with an 
 adjective in bills or ills: as, toners 
 tvhich can be moved, mobiles turres, 
 Curt. : a beast that can be taught, belua 
 docilis, Cic. : a kiiot that cannot be 
 untied, nodus indissolubilis, Plin. 
 
 canal : 1. fossa navlgabilis . to 
 
 excavate a c, f. navigabilem deprimere, 
 Tac. (but f. facere is equally good 
 Latin) : or simply fossa : the c. of the 
 Rhine, Rheni f., Cic. 2. nilus 07- 
 
 euripus (rare) : v. conduit. (N.B. Not 
 canalis , which is o water-pipe or 
 conduit.) 
 
 canary-bird : *fringilla Canaria 
 Linn. 
 
 canary-grass: phaiaris, idis,/. (?). 
 
 Plin. 
 
 canary-wine : *vinum ex insuiis 
 Fortunatis importatnm. 
 
 cancel: I. Lit.: of written dm- 
 racters: deleo; lituram lacio : v. Ti 
 ERASE. BLOT OUT. 1|. Fig.: to rerokn 
 or annul (q v.) a will, engagement, etc. 
 
 1. imluco, duxi, ductum, j (with 
 ref. to drawing the end o{ the stylus 
 106 
 
 over writing in wax) -. to c. a decree of 
 the senate, senatus consultum in., Cic. : 
 to c. contracts, locationes in., Liv. 2. 
 tollo, sustilli, sublatuni, j: v. 10 abo- 
 lish. 3. canccllo, I (from the prac- 
 tice of obliterating writing by cross 
 lines) : to c. a will, testamentum c, Ulp. : 
 
 v. TO BEPKAL, RESCIND. 
 
 cancelling (S"t'^.)' resolatio (rare) 
 the c. of a fale, venditlonis r., Ulp. : 
 (more usu. expr. by part of verb . v. 
 
 TO CANCEL). 
 
 cancer : I. One if the signs of 
 
 the zodiac : cancer, cri : Lucr. ■ Ov. H. 
 A disease ; 1, cancer, cri .- Cels. 2. 
 cariinoma, atis, n. : Cels. : Plin. 3. 
 phagedaena : Plin. 
 
 cancerous: 1. phaggdaenTcus : c. 
 wouttds, p. vulnera, Plin. 2. can- 
 crOsus: M. L. 
 
 candelabrum : candelabrum (a 
 candlestick : q. v.); Cic: Plin. 
 
 candid : 1. ajiertus (lit. open ; 
 
 and so, u)i prejudiced) : a c. mind, a. 
 animus, Cic. 2, candidus (lit. b)-i(/A<, 
 fair) a c. judge, c. judex, Hor. : a c. 
 disposition c. ingenium, Hor. 3. 
 
 liber : v. frank. 4. sincerus : v. sin- 
 cere. 
 
 candidate : 1. candTdatus (prop, 
 a cand../o'' a public office; as such wore 
 whitened togas) : a c. for the praetor- 
 ship, praetorius c, Cic. : a c. for Vie 
 consulship, consulatus c, Plin. : a c. 
 1 ecoinnu;7ided by Caesar, c. Caesaris, 
 Veil. ; a c. not for the consulship only, 
 but for immortaliti/ and glory, c. non 
 con>ulatus tantum sed immortalitatis et 
 gloriae, PUn. : a c. for crucifixion, c 
 crucis, Apul. 2. pfititor (rare) : Hor. 
 Phr.: to be a c.for the consulship, con- 
 sulatum petere.Cic. : Liv.: to announce 
 oneself a^ a c, prOfiteri : Liv.: Sail.: 
 the duty of a c, candidatorium munus, 
 Cic 
 
 candidatesMp : pfititio : cic. : a 
 c. for the a/nsuhhip, consulatus p., 
 Caes. : to abstain from c. for public 
 oj/tce«. petitione honorum abslinere, Tac. 
 
 candidly: 1. sincere: to speak 
 
 c, s. dicere, Ter. ; s. loqui, Cic. 2. 
 candldc : Coel. ap. Cic. 3. Hbere : v. 
 FRANKLY. 4. aperte : v. openly, 
 
 UNDiscriSEDLT. Phr.: Ivas wmit c. 
 to acknowledge that 1 had Iten anxious 
 to be praised by you, quod me abs te 
 cupisseui laudari, aperte" atque ingenue 
 contitebar, Cic. 
 
 canflied: *8accharo conditus. 
 
 candle : 1. candela (made from 
 rushes, reeds, cords, etc.) : to make 
 tallow c.s, candelassebare, Col. 2. se- 
 baceus (a tallow c.) : Apul. 3. ce- 
 reus (a wax c.) : Cic. : Sen. 4. cera : 
 
 v. TAPER. 
 
 candlemas : *candelaria (j)l.) ; 
 festum purificationis B. Mariae; festum 
 S. Mariae candelarum : I)u Cange, s. v. 
 
 candlestick : candelabrum : Quint. : 
 Plin. 
 
 candour: candor, Ubertas: v. feakk- 
 
 NE.^S. ingenuousness. 
 
 candy : *saccharo condio, 4 : M. L. 
 
 candy-tuft: iberis. Wis,/. (.'): Plin. 
 
 cane (subs.) .- 1, canna (strictly 
 reed: q. v.): Col.: Ov. 2. (For 
 
 riding or walking) : biciilus, virga : v. 
 
 STICK. 
 
 cane (v.): *baculo, virga, ferula 
 ferire s. verberare. 
 
 canicular : canlciilaris, e . Pall. 
 
 canine : camnus : Ov. : Juv. : c. 
 teeth, denies c, Plin. 
 
 canister : 1. pyxis, idis, /. (any 
 small box) : a tin c, py.xis stannea, 
 Plin. 2. capsula; v. box. 
 
 canker (a disease of plants) : |. 
 Lit.: robigo : v. rust, blight. ||. 
 Fig., of that which eats away and de- 
 stroys : 1, aerugo, inis,/. 1 lit. copper- 
 rust): this is sheer c. (with ref. to 
 insidious calumny), haec est ae. mera, 
 Hor. 2. labes, is,/, (lit. stain): 
 
 here was the first c.-spot of my woe. hinc 
 niihi prima mail labes, Virg. 
 
 canker (v.) : pergdo, cormmpo : v. 
 
 to CORm)DE. 
 
 canker-worm : eruca : Plin. : Col. 
 
 cannibal: anthrOpophagus: Plin. 
 
 cannibalism: 'hoiuinibusvescendj 
 mos : to practise c, corporibus bumanis 
 vesci, Plin. 
 
 cannon : *tormenium (the precise 
 sense being determined by the context: 
 v. aetilleky). Phr.: to load a c, 
 globum ferreum una cum pulvere (ni- 
 trate) in toinientum injicere : to dis- 
 charge a c, *missilia (niissilem globum) 
 ex tomiento, igni admoto, projicere. 
 
 cannonade (*»f's-)-' Phr.: the town 
 sustained a heavy c, *oppidum tormeutis 
 graviter verberatum est: the c. lasted 
 four hours, *per quattuor horas tor- 
 mentis pugnabatur : v To batter. 
 
 cannonade ( "•) •■ tormeutis verberare 
 or oppugnaie : v. to batter. 
 
 cannon-ball: *globus ferreus tor- 
 mentarius; missilis globus. 
 
 cannon-shot: v- c.-ball. Phr.: 
 the shijis soon rut out of c.-shot, *naLvei 
 extra tormentoruui ictus brevi eva- 
 serunt. 
 
 canoe : Unter, scapha : V. boat. 
 
 canon : I. -^ ' "'<! ■ 1. canon 
 (Kavioi^), finis, m. (strictly, a caipenter's 
 rule): the c.s of giant mar, c. giamma- 
 tici, Auson. : in M. L. ofien used of eccL 
 regulations : Concil. Trident. (Labbe). 
 2. regtila, norma : rule, law. 
 Phr.: the c.-ta", jus canonicuni ; EccL 
 II. An ecclesiastical dignitary : 
 canonicus: Eccl. 
 
 Canoness : *canonica : M. L. 
 
 canonical: *caii6nicus: M. L. 
 
 canonically: *canoiiice: M. L. 
 
 canonicals : *vestis sacerdOtalis. 
 
 canonization : *alicujus inter sanc- 
 tos reiatio. (But usu. better expr. by a 
 
 verb : a^, after the c. of postquam 
 
 inter sanctos est relatus: v. foil, art.) 
 
 canonize: Phr.: *aliquem inter 
 sanctos referre; sanctorum ordini aggre- 
 gare (Kr.) : .sanctorum ordinibus ad- 
 8cribere (cf. H. r. Od. }, j, J5); excel- 
 lentes viros in coelum loUere, Cic. : v. 
 TO immortalize. 
 
 Canonry : *cruionicatus, iis : M. L. 
 
 canopy : 1. lonopeum (conoplum, 
 
 Hor.): i e. ongiiially, a curtain for 
 
 keeping o// inosqiiitoes (icioi'toTres): Juv. 
 
 2. vela, orum : v. awning. 3. 
 
 aulaeum (more freq. pi.) : v. ctJBTAlN. 
 
 cant (subs.) : *pietatis (erga Deiun) 
 inanis ac verbosa ostentatio. Phr.: 
 a c. tei-m of trade, *vocabulum minus 
 usitatum et opificii alicujus proprium. 
 
 cant (i'-), *Bctae pietatis osteniatione 
 se eflerre. 
 
 cantata: *carmen ad musicam ac- 
 conniiodjtum. 
 
 canteen : *caupona (tabema) milit- 
 aris s. castrensis. 
 
 canter ("•) : *leniter ac quiets cur- 
 rere ; leniter quadrupedare : v. to 
 gallop. 
 
 canter (subs.) .- (?) gradus lenis atque 
 quadrupedans : v. gallop. 
 
 cantharides : cantharldes. um, /. ; 
 Plin. 
 
 canticle : used only in eccles. sense : 
 caniicum : the book of C.s, canticutn 
 canticonim, Vulg. 
 
 canting (<«(?■)•• (?) verbosus : cf. 
 Cic. Mur. 14: *ficta pietate se efferens: 
 
 V. HYPOCRtTtCAL. 
 
 cantingly : Phr.; to speak c, 
 *pietatis simulatione loqui ; *simulata 
 pietate. 
 
 canto : of a poem ; liber : v. book. 
 
 canton (subs.) .- pagus : the state it 
 divided into four c.s, civitas in quatuor 
 p. divisa est, Caes. 
 
 canton (>'•) ■• P h r. : to c. ti oiips for 
 the ninter, milites in hibernis collocare, 
 Caes. 
 
 Cantpnment : *loca exercitul cas- 
 tris assignaia ; or simply, castra : v. 
 
 QUARTERS. 
 
 canvas: I. Coarse cloth: *linteum 
 crassum. ||. Sails: q. v.: vela, 
 
 orum. III. Cloth lor painting: tex- 
 tile, is, n. : a painting on c, pictura in 
 textili, Cic. : ft-op. 
 
 canvass (v.) .- |. To solicit fen 
 votes : 1. amblo, 4 : the citizens are 
 c.'ti by the candidates, ambiuntur a can-
 
 V A N V A S S 
 
 C A !• 1 T U J. A T 1 O N 
 
 C A »• T U K E 
 
 didatls cives, Cic. 2. circumeo or 
 circiieo, ivi ami ii, ituin, 4 (like ambio, 
 meaning in go round Irom house to 
 bouse: but while arab. is the technical 
 word for canvassing in general, ciicum. 
 refers more to the act of visiting) .- 
 Furnius and Lentulus c.'d and worked 
 with us, F. et L. una nobiscum circumi- 
 erunt et laboraverunt, Cic. ; Anlonius 
 ivas c.ing the veterans to secure the rati- 
 /ication of Caesar's arts, Antoiiiurn c. 
 ▼eteranos, ntCaesaris acta sancireni, Cic. 
 3. prfihenso or prenso, i (lit. to 
 take hold of the hands of voters) . often 
 in conibinailon wiih circuniire- as, cir- 
 cnmlre et p. patres, lAv. : Cic. ||, To 
 tift, discuss : q. v. 
 
 canvass ^subU): l. ambitio (a 
 legal c.) : my c. withdrew me from that 
 consideraliun , mea me a. ab ilia cogita- 
 Oone abstrahebat, Cic. 2. ambitus, 
 
 ns (an uhlanful c ) : v. briberv: Cic. 
 3. petitio : to devote oneself to a c, 
 i. e. to solicit an office, petitioni se dare. 
 Oc. : V. CA^■DII>AT^Sllll■. 4. prensatio 
 (opening if a canross liy shaking people's 
 hands): Cic. Att. i, i, init. 
 
 canvasser : (•') circultor. (Or espr. 
 by part of \ erb as, to choose c.s for 
 the different parts of the city, homines 
 deligere qui singiiUps urbis vicos cir- 
 cumeant: v. to canvass.) 
 canvassing (subs.) .- v. canvass. 
 
 cap : 1. pileus and pilguni (prrnp. 
 a felt c. : the most common term) : 
 Li v.: Suet: v earing snc'i a c,i>i\6aU>&: 
 Liv.. Suet.: pilfOlus and -lum, a small 
 c. of the kind ; Hor. : OjI. 2. galerus, 
 seldom -urn (a kinil of pileus or cap 
 worn by priests; and made of the skin 
 of a viclim, Serv. ap. Face s. v.): Varr. : 
 Apul. Also used for any close-filting 
 c. ; Virg. : Suet. 3. apex. Ids, m. 
 
 (a conical cap nwn by Jlamens) : Virg. : 
 Liv. 4. pfta>us, (a broad-trrimvied 
 C. like that of Mercury) Pl. 
 
 capability: 1. lacuitas: thee of 
 
 bringing forth, f. pariendi, Ter. : the c. 
 of tptalcing, t. dicendi, Cic. 2. p*P- in 
 pl.: oppoituniias nai'ai c..« (of a place), 
 maritiuiae op., Liv. Cic: v. ai>\ an- 
 TAGEs 8, habilitas: v. cahacitv. 
 
 capable : 1. capax, acis (with 
 
 gen.) : an animal mure c. of lofty 
 reason, animal mentis capacius altae, 
 Ov. : c of ruling, c. imperii, Tuc. 2. 
 Expr. by verbal adj. in -ans or -ens in 
 act. sense: or -bills, -ilis, in pa.<s. : as, 
 c. of enduring fasting, cold, patiens in- 
 ediae, frijiorls. Sail. c. of resisting tempt- 
 ation in respect of nvivey, continens 
 In i>ccunia, Caes. In fiass. sense : c. of 
 being taught, (iocWis. with aW. (Plin.); 
 gen. (Hor.); ad and ace. (Varr.^ : c. of 
 being penrtratrd, penetruhiliA Ov.: Sen. 
 3. Kxpr. by circuml.; by possum, 
 etc.: as, the uords are c. of both inter-' 
 pretations, *verba in utramque partem 
 accipi pos.-unt : my Jrund is not c. <f 
 doing a base action, *aniicus mens noii 
 is est qui turpe quicquam in se adniittat. 
 Phr. : to be c. of diviiioii, de^tr mtii/n , 
 divisionem, interitum capcre, Lact. ; v. 
 
 TO ADMIT OF. 
 
 capacious : 1. capax, acis : a c. 
 wm. urna c, Hor. . a roomy and c. 
 hmise. spaliosa et c. donius, i^lin. : a c. 
 intellect, c. ingenium, Ov. 2. aniplus: 
 
 T. SPACIOUS. 
 
 capaciousness : capacltas : Cic. : 
 Plin. 
 
 capacity : |. ''/ extent of space : 
 capacitas: Cic: Plin. ||, hxtent of 
 
 mental poller : 1, mensura: tolower 
 oneself to the c. of a Uarner. se ad m. 
 discentissubmiitere, yiiint. 2. modus: 
 V. MEASURE. \\\. Atiilily itftif : 1. 
 captus, lis: esp in phr." ut c. [mens, 
 etc.] est, pro c. [nieo, etc.], to the extent 
 of any one's c, Cic. 2. inRgniiim: 
 docility, memory, whiili are usually 
 
 caparison (i'-} •■ Insterno, stravi, 
 siialum, J : hoises c.'d uiih purple, 
 instrati ostro alipedes, Virg. : shall your 
 horsv hi: c.'d more beautifully than your 
 wife is dressed I" equus tuus speciogius 
 instratus erit quam uxor vestita.' Liv. 
 
 cape ; I. a promontmy : promon- 
 torium to double a c, p. flectere, Cic; 
 p. superare, Liv. ||. A corering for 
 the .'shoulders : humgrale, is, n. : Paul. I Jig. 
 caper («•)•■ exsulto: v. to kuisk. 
 caper (subs.) .- exsultatio : I'lin. : 
 Col. Phr.: to cut strange cs, motus 
 ridlculos dare: v. antics. 
 
 caper-bush: opparis, is, /. .- Plin.: 
 Col. : *cappai is spinosa, Linn. 
 
 capercailzie : te irao, Onls, m. : Suet. : 
 i'lin. 
 capillary : 1. caplllaris, e : Apul. 
 2. capillacCus: I'lin. (N.B. Used 
 by those writers in the sense of hairy, 
 hair-like.) Phr.: c. a«rac<ion, *ea at- 
 tractio quae quasi per capillamenta 
 hi (.') : the cs (in anatomy), 'venae 
 c;ipi Hares. 
 
 capital (adj.): I, Chief: prin- 
 ceps, praecipuus: v. principal. ||. 
 
 AJfecting life (of offences and pimish- 
 ments): dipitalis, e: to accuse any one 
 of a c. offence, aliquem rei c. acciisare, 
 Cic : a c. crime, c. noxa, Liv. : c. trials, 
 judicia c. Quint. : c. punishment, c. 
 poena. Suet. I'h r. : ac. crime, capltale, 
 Cic. ■ a c. trial, judicium capitis, Cic. : 
 c. punishment, capitis poena, Caes. : to 
 accuse of a c. oij'ence, capitis accusare, 
 Nep. Ill, Large, only in the phrase, 
 c. letters, lileKie capitaneae, Auct. rei 
 afo".; literae unciales (prop, letters an 
 inch in size), M. L. (the term usually 
 employed in distinguishing M.SS. written 
 in laige square clianirters from those 
 written in cursive b.md). |V- A'xcel- 
 lent (q. v.) : 1, insignis, e : ct Phaedr. 
 1,11,14. 2. I^pidus (cornice): v. kink 
 capital (sui'S.) : I. The highest 
 
 member of a col umn : capitulum: Vitr. : 
 I'lin. II. A cliief city : \, capiit, 
 itis, n.: Rome, the c. of t'le world, 
 Honia, orbis terrarum c, Liv.: the c. 
 and stronghold of the kingdom, c. arxque 
 legni, Liv. 2. regia (a.s the residence 
 ot the .sovereign) : Sardis, the c. of 
 Croesus, Croesi regia Sanies, Hor. : Plin": 
 v. metropolis. III. Money employed 
 for pro/It: 1, caput- to deduct in- 
 terest from c, capiti mercedem exsecare, 
 Hor. 2. sors, sortis, /. ; both c. and 
 interest, et s. et fenus, PI. : the interest 
 i:ats up the c, mergunt sortem usurae, 
 Liv.: Cic. 3. fenus (foen.), Oris, «. 
 
 (rare, and only of c. lent at interest) : 
 PL: Cic. Pbr.: he gives out of his profit, 
 and has taken nothing Irom his c, dat 
 de lucre, nihil detraxit de vivo, Cic. : c. 
 out at interest, positi in foenore numi, 
 
 Hon: V. principal, STOCK. 
 
 capitalist : *qui pecunias suas fen- 
 ore poiiit, collocal; qui ex opibus suis 
 lucra facit (cf. Cic. Verr. j, j8): or per- 
 haps simply homo bene nummatus 
 (Hor.), or tengrator : v. money-lender. 
 
 capitally: I, in a nay affecting 
 life : Pbr.: to punish c, capite punire, 
 Liv. II, Excellently, admirably (ci. v.): 
 egregie, insigniter. 
 
 capitation : I. Poll-tax : tributuiu 
 In singula capita impositum : Caes. ||. 
 A grant of money made per head : 'pe- 
 cunia in singula capita collata. 
 
 Capitol : capltollum : Liv. : in poet. 
 often pl : Hor. : Virg. 
 
 capitulate : i- e. to surrender on 
 terms : ex pacto (or pactis) urbem trad- 
 ere, dedere : v. foil, art., and to sxtk- 
 
 RENDER. 
 
 capitulation : i. e. a surrender on 
 conditions: 1. dediiio ex conditlon- 
 ibus facta: cf. Caos. B. G. 2, }2; }, 22. 
 Sometimes, frnni the nature of the con- 
 text, deditio alone is enough: as, a c. 
 
 designated by the single name of c, ""* determined on: the terms being. 
 docilitas.menioria, quae fere appellantur I ^''^- ^editio facta est: pacta (sunt) ut, 
 uuo ingenii nomine, Cic. : v. talents, *^*^ • '-''^'- ^^' '?• 2. pactio : let them 
 
 NTS, 
 
 FACULTY. IV. Legal ability : cSpaci- 
 tas; Gains. 
 caparison (subs.) .- stratum, stragii- 
 
 lom: V TRAPPINGS. 
 
 take hack their arms nhich they deli- 
 vered up in accmdance with the c, 
 recipiant arma q>iae per p. tradiderunt, 
 Liv. 
 
 capon : 1. capo, onis, TO. ; Van-, 
 '^"'■t. 2. gallus spado : Pub. Syr. 
 caprice : 1. nbido (lub.), inis, f 
 
 (olten in .-.eiise of lust : q. v.): what de- 
 pendu upftn anothei's icill, nnt to say c, 
 quod posiium est in alterius voluniate, 
 ne dicam llbidine, Cic. : Sail. 2. In- 
 constantia: v. inconstanct, fickleness. 
 Phr.: if suih sliall be the c. of usage, si 
 volet usus, Hi.r.: v. to please. 
 
 capricious : 1. levis, inconslans, 
 mobllLs, etc. : v. fickle. 2. venlosus 
 (I. e. changing like the nind) : «ie suf. 
 f rages of the c. people, v. plebis suffragia, 
 Hor.: Cic. (Virg. expresses the idea 
 fully in his " varium et mutahUe eiemwT 
 feinina ") 
 capriciously : 1. ex libiJine 
 
 (lub.): .Sail. 2. incoustanter : Cic. 
 
 capriciousness : i6viias,mobiiitas: 
 
 V. FI(,KLENf>S. 
 
 Capricorn: 1. capriwmus: clc: 
 Hor. 2. brumale signum : Cic. 
 
 Caprificatiou : capriilcallo: Plin. 
 
 capsicum: 1. pipSritis, is, and 
 idis,y. : I'lin. 2. siliquastrum : Plin. 
 3, *ca[isicum aniniuni : Linn. 
 
 capstan : 1, sucuia : cato. 2. 
 
 ergiita, ae, »n. : Vitr. 
 
 capsular : capsularis. e : JL L. 
 
 capsule: I. in botany: vasctilum: 
 I'lin. II. in anatomy : capsula : M. L. : 
 the c. of the crystalline lens, *c. crj-s- 
 tallina. 
 
 captain : I. chief (q. v.) : prin- 
 ceps, dux, etc. I' h r. : c. of the uxUch, 
 vigilum or vigilibus praefeclus, Paul. 
 l>ig. : a c. of pirates, arcliiplrata, Cic. : 
 Liv. II, The commander of a com- 
 
 pany or troop of soldiers : centurio (of 
 intantry), praelectus (of cavalry), are 
 perhaps the best terms: v. officer. 
 III. Thechief officer in a ship : J, 
 navarchus (of a war ship) : Cic. 2. 
 
 navicularius(ol merchant vessels): Cic: 
 Tac. 3. nauclems : i. q. navicularius : 
 PI. 4. magister (the most gen. term): 
 Uie pilots and cs of the ships, gubernat- 
 ores el m. naviiim, Liv.: Virg. Phr.: 
 the c. of a ship ofvar, centurio classi- 
 arius, Tac. |V. A master of the mili- 
 tary art : imperator, dux : v. general. 
 Pbr.: Considius icas considered a very 
 gteat c, Considius rei militaris peritissi- 
 mus baljebatur, Caes. 
 
 captaincy ) (?) centiiriatus, us, (cf. 
 
 captainship 5 caftain, ll.). Cic. 
 
 caption: v. apprehension. 
 
 captious: I. Disposed to find 
 
 fault, or to cavil, morosus: tie are so 
 hard to please and so c, that Demosthenes 
 himself does not satisfy us, usque eo 
 difficiles ac m. sumus, ut nobis non satis- 
 faciat ipse Demosthenes, Cic. ||. In- 
 tended to ensnare: captiosus: c. gu«- 
 <io»is, c. interrogationes, Cic Phr.: to 
 make c. objections, cavillari, Cic. ■ Liv.: 
 V. insidious. 
 
 captiously : cjiptiose : to question 
 c, c inlerrogare, Cic. 
 
 Captiousness : morosltas : Cic. 
 
 captivate: 1. capio. cepi,captum, 
 J • to be c.d by pleasure, voluptate capl, 
 etc.: the minds of the young uert 
 craftily c.d, adolescenlium aninii dolls 
 capiebantur. Sail. 2. delenlo, 4 ■ to 
 c. any one by the allurements of plea- 
 sure, aliquem blanditiis voluptatum d., 
 Cic- Ov. : V. to charm. 
 
 captive (^ubs.) .- captivus : fern, cap- 
 ti\a : to ransom cs from slavery, cap- 
 tivos e servitute redimere, Cic. : Ov. : y. 
 
 PRISONER. 
 
 captive (<«0) • capti\'US : c. bodies, 
 c. corpora, Liv.: a c. mind, c. mens, Ov. 
 Phr.: Jugurtha is led e. to Rome, J. 
 Homam adducltur vinctus. Sail. 
 
 captivity: capti vitas: the end of a 
 long c, finis diuturnae c, Cic: Tac: v. 
 
 SLAVERY. 
 
 captor: qni caplt, etc Phr.: the 
 c. of a city, urbis expugnator, Cic. 
 
 capture (fubs.) : The act of tak- 
 ing: 1, captiira: Vie c.qfflshes,c. 
 pisclum, I'lin. 2. expupnaUo: the c 
 of a city, urbis ex., Caes. 3. More 
 usu. expr. by verb: the c.of .^aguntum 
 increased the fame of Hannibai, •Sa- 
 
 10',
 
 CAPTURE 
 
 C A R E F U 1. 
 
 CARICATURE 
 
 guntum captum Hannibalis famani belli 
 auxit : after the. c. of the fort they at- 
 tempted to demolish it, cum castellum 
 ante cepissent, id denaoliri sunt conati, 
 Vitr. 
 capture («•)■■ capio, excipio: v. to 
 
 CATCH, TAKE. 
 
 captured (cuij) •• captivus : c ships, 
 c. naves, Caes. ; e. standards, c. signa, 
 Llv. : c. lands, c. agri, Tac. 
 
 capuchin : *capuciniis ; monachus 
 ex ordine capucinonim : M. L. 
 
 car : I. Equlv. to chariot (q. v.) : 
 cnrrus, us, m. ||. A ponderous vehicle; 
 as the c. of Juggernaut : *ingens ac 
 turritus (excelsus) currus. |||, An 
 
 ordinary light vehicle : (?) cisium : v. 
 
 CHAISE. 
 
 carat: I. Ths third part of an 
 
 ounce : unciae triens, entis, m. • M. L. 
 II, In measuring the fineness of 
 gold: a proportionate part of the unit 
 regarded a^ divided into 24 equal parts : 
 as, gold 20 cs fine, *aurum purum ex 
 dextante : (and so with the other frac- 
 tions of the as). 
 
 caravan : I. -^ company of tra- 
 vellers, etc. : 1, commeatus, us : cs 
 coming from the sea of Pontus, c. Pon- 
 tico man adventantes, Tac. : Suet. 2. 
 comitatus, lis : Caes. : Liv. ||. A large 
 covered vehicle: *vehiculum magnum 
 atque tectum. 
 
 caravansary : 1. xenodochium, 
 
 or -eum : Hier. : Cod. Just. 2. de- 
 versoriiim : v. inn. 
 
 Ca.raway : cargum : Plin. : *careum 
 carvi: Linn. 
 
 carbine: *sclopetum breve.- M. L. 
 
 carbineer : *eques sclopeto brevi 
 armatus : M. L. 
 
 carbon : *carb5nium : M. L. 
 
 carbonate : *carbonas, atis, m. ; 
 M. L. 
 
 carbonic : *carbonicus . M. L. : c. 
 acid, *acidum c. 
 
 carbonize : *in carbonium, (f car- 
 bonem) redigere. 
 
 carbuncle: |. a tumour: i. 
 furunculus: Cels. : Plin. 2. carbun- 
 cuius- Cels. II. A precious stone : 
 
 carbunciilus : Plin. 
 
 carburet : carburetum : M. L. 
 
 carbtiretted : carbonatus: M. L. 
 
 carcass : 1. corpus : v. body. 
 
 2. tergum or tergus, 6ris, n. (poet.) . 
 a hundred bristling c.'s of sivine, hor- 
 rentia centum terga suum, Virg. : thee, 
 of an entire ox, perpetui tergum bovis, 
 6v. ■ Phaedr. 3. cadaver ; v. corpse . 
 P h r. : o lion iras standing over the 
 c. of a bullock, super juvencum stabat 
 dejectum leo, Phaedr. 
 
 card (subs.) : I. Thick paper : 
 *charta crassior. ||. A piece of such 
 paper used for special puiposes : J. 
 a visiting card : *tessera salutatrix (?) • 
 cf. Mart. 9. 99. 2. ^ playing card : 
 *charta lusoria : to play at cs, *chartis 
 ludere : to shuffle the cs, *chartas I. per- 
 miscere : to deal tlie cs, *chartas 1. dis- 
 tribuere: a trump c, *charta domina- 
 trix (?). 
 
 card (subs.) : an instrument fw 
 combing wool : pecten, inis, n. ; Plin. : 
 Claud. 
 
 card ("•) : 1. pecto, pexi, pexum, 
 J ; Plin. : Col. 2. carmino, i : Plin. 
 
 carder of wool: carmlnator: Inscr. 
 
 cardiac : cardlacus : Cels. 
 
 cardinal (s^bs.) .- *cardinalis ; pur- 
 puratus : a c:s hat, tiara cardinalis : to 
 he made a c, in sanctum cardinalium 
 (or, purpuratorum patrum) collegium 
 cooptari, M. L. 
 
 cardinal (adj.): v. chief, princi- 
 pal. Phr. : thee. »i«mber«, cardinales 
 Humeri, Prise. : the c. wiTuls, cardinales 
 venti, Serv. .- the c. vii-tues, *virtutes 
 primariae (?) ; virtutes eae quae quasi 
 fontes unixersae honestatis sunt. 
 
 Cardinalate : cardina'iatus.us . M. L. 
 
 carding of wool : Ciirminiitio : Plin. 
 
 cardoon : cactus .- Plin. 
 
 care (subs.) ; |. Anxiety : 1. 
 
 cQra : cs and fears, c. metusque. Cic. ; 
 
 consuming cs, c. edaces, Hor. 2. sol- 
 
 Ucitudo : V. AKXIETY. Phr.. free from 
 
 108 
 
 c, securus : Cic. : Ov. : v. careless, se- 
 COBE. II, Caution, attention : ciira .- 
 these things require ictive c and dili- 
 gence, haec acrem c. diligentiamque de- 
 siderant, Cic. . to display c, c. praestare, 
 Suet. : to devote one's c to a single object 
 exclusively, in re una consumere c, 
 Hor. Phr.: to take care (of): (1). 
 euro, I (with direct ace, or subj. with 
 ut, ne) : you have taken good c. of your- 
 self, te curasti molliter, Ter. .- the gods 
 take c. of great things, but neglect the 
 small, magna dii c, parva negligunt, 
 Cic. : take c. of your health, cura ut 
 valeas, Cic. (2). civeo, cavi, cautuni, 2 
 (for constr. v. to beware) : take c, if 
 you please, CAve sis, Ter. : take c. jury- 
 men, lest a new proscription should seem 
 to be set on foot, cavete judices ne nova 
 proscriptio instaurata esse videatur, 
 Cic. : / tvish to take better c. of him than 
 he zisually does of others, melius ei ca- 
 vere volo quam ipse aliis solet, Cic. 
 Phr. c. mtist be taken lest he should 
 rashly despair, considerandum est ne 
 temere desperet, Cic. : it is all over with 
 you unless you are taking c, actum est 
 de te nisi provides, Cic. |||. Charge, 
 oversight : 1, cura : the c of other 
 people's affairs is difficult, difBcilis est 
 c. rerum alienarum.'Cic. : the c of the 
 body, corporis c, Suet. 2. cflratio : 
 the c. and management of affairs, c. et 
 administratio rerum, Cic. 3. custo- 
 dia (i. e. tvatching over): the c of the 
 city, c. urbis, Liv. • the c. of the body, c. 
 corporis. Suet. : the c of the shepherd, 
 c. pastoris, Col.: Hor. |V, The ob- 
 ject of care : cura ; thou (the common- 
 iiealth) no slight c. of mine, c. non levis, 
 Hor. Od. I, 14, 18: this sense usu. 
 expr. by the dot. (L. G. } 2971 : Caesar 
 premised that that matter should be his 
 c, Caesar pollicitus est sibi earn rem 
 curae futuram, Caes.: while love is a 
 (subject of) care, dum amor est curae, 
 Ov. 
 
 care ("•)■ 1. euro, i (with direct 
 ace, or suhj. with ut, ne); whack! 
 whack : it ivill be for my back ; / don't 
 c, tax, tax, tergo erit meo ; non euro, 
 PI. : / don't c. that, who he is, non ego 
 istuc c, qui sit, PI. : to cfor the wrongs 
 of the allies, inlurias sociorum c. Sail. 
 2. pendo, pependi, pensum, j (i. e. 
 to value, esteem : with such genitives as 
 parvi, flocci, etc.) : / c. less for their 
 liacks than mine, minoris pendo tergum 
 illorum quam meum, PI. : not to c a 
 straw for, (non) flocci p. aliquid, Ter. : 
 I'l. 3. (in negative senteijces): ni6- 
 ror, I : / don't c. for the vnnes of that 
 region, vina nihil moror illius orae, Hor. 
 / don't c. for purple, purpuram nil 
 moror, Pi. 4. prosplcio, j (to care 
 for; i. e. take thought for: with dat.) : 
 v. TO provide for. P h r. : / don't c. 
 in the least which sandals I take, nee 
 mihi adest lantillum pensi, quus capiam 
 calceos, PI. ; similarly, pensi habere. 
 Sail. : they never c.d at all, either tvhat 
 they said or ivhat they did, illls quid 
 (licerent, nee quid facerent, quicquam 
 unquam pensum fuit, Liv. 
 
 careen: *navem in latus inclinare 
 ut reficiatur. 
 
 careening expr. by verb : v. pre- 
 ceding art. 
 
 career : 1. currlciilum : nature 
 has marked out for us a brief c of life, 
 an unbounded one of glory, exiguum 
 nobis vitae c natura circuiuscripsit, ira- 
 mensum gloriae, Cic. 2. cursus, lis : 
 the c. of Ife is short, of glory etei-nal, 
 vitae brevis c, gloriae serapitemus, Cic. : 
 an uninterrupted c of battles, continuus 
 c. proeliorum, Tac. 3. decursus, us 
 (a. completed c): by going through the 
 whole c. of honours, decursu honorum, 
 Cic. Or. 1,1. 4, tenor: v. course. 
 
 careful: I, full of, or causing, 
 care : sullicltus, anxius : v. ANXIOUS. 
 II, Provident, cautious (q. v.). 1, 
 diligens, entis : nwst c. in guarding the 
 man, ad hominem custodlendum dilig- 
 entissimus, Cic: c. of every duty, om- 
 nis officii d., Cic. : c. of life, vitae d., 
 Plin. 2. attentus (somewhat stronger) : 
 
 a prudent and c. head of a family, pa- 
 terfamilias et prudens et at., Cic. ; Hor. 
 
 Ill, Accurate {(I. \. ) . 1. curiosu* 
 (of persons) : c. in every part of h istory, 
 in omni historia c, Cic. 2. diligens: 
 c. in composition, d. in compositione, 
 yuint. : cmutant and c. writing, assidua 
 ac d. scriptura, Cic. 3. acciiratus (of 
 things) : a c. speech, ac. oralio, Cic. 
 carefully: I. Anxiously: q. v. 
 
 II, Attentively, cautiously: 1. 
 diligenter : to read a book c, librum d. 
 legere, Cic. : the second time he spoke 
 much nioreciteTUva multumdiligentius 
 dixit, Cic. : Caes. 2. caute : ivhai could 
 he effect more c.f quid efiicere cautius 
 potuit ? Cic. : to travel c, iter c. facere, 
 Caes. Ill, Accurately: 1. accti'- 
 
 rate : to write c and deliberately, ac. 
 cogitateque scribere, Cic. 2. exqui- 
 site : to discuss accurately and c, accu- 
 rate et e,\. disputare, Cic. 
 
 carefulness: |, ^nrieiy (q. v.): 
 cara, sollicitudo, etc. ||, Cautious- 
 ness : diligentia : the etwmy perceived 
 that through the c. of our men, no ad- 
 vantage could be gained, hostes intel- 
 lexeruut diligentia nostrorum nihil pro- 
 fici posse, Caes. : Cic. : v. caution. 
 
 III. Accuracy: q. v. 
 careless: I, free from anxiety : 
 seciirus : quite c. what may alarm Tiri- 
 dates, quid Tiridatem terreat unice s., 
 Hor. : Cic. : v. unconcerned. ||. In- 
 attentive, neglectful : 1, negligens : c. 
 in speech, n. in oratione, Sen. : v. negli- 
 gent: a c. disposition, n. natura, Cic. : 
 too c. of one's allies and fiHends, socio- 
 rum atque amicorum negligentior, Cic. : 
 too c about tlie gods, circa deos negli- 
 gentior, Suet. 2. indiligens: Caes. 
 
 3. diss6liitus (i. e. loose) : c. in one's 
 private affairs, d. in re familiari, Cic 
 
 III, inaccurate: q. v. 
 carelessly : 1. negligenter : V. 
 negligently. 2. indillgenter ; Cic. : 
 Caes. 3. secure (i. e. without care 
 or concern) : v. UNCONCEBNEnLT. 4. 
 incCiriose : a camp c. pitched in an 
 enemy's country, castra in hostico in. 
 posita, Liv. : Gell. 5. sSliite, disso- 
 lute : V. LOOSELY, LAXLY. 
 
 carelessness : 1, incuria : sol- 
 dieis destroyed by c, milites incuria 
 consumpti, Cic. : the c of public officers, 
 magistratuum in., Tac. 2. negli- 
 
 gentia . (stronger than incuria : v. ne- 
 glect): c. in accusing, n. in accusando, 
 Cic. ; a neatness which shuns rustic and 
 rude c, munditia quae fugiat agrestem 
 et inhumanam n., Cic. 3. securitas 
 (i. e. freedom, from, concern or appro- 
 hension) : yuint. : Tac. 
 
 caress ("•)•■ 1. blandior, 4 (witli 
 dot.): Ov. : Plin.: v. TO COAX. 2, 
 niulceo, permulceo ; palpo or palpor, I : 
 
 V. TO FONDLE. 3. OSCUlor, I (strictly 
 
 to kiss: q. V.) : they embraced, tliey 
 c.'d my enemy, inimicum meum am- 
 plexabantur, osculabantur, Cic: v. to 
 
 EMBRACE. 
 
 caress (subs.): l. blandimentum 
 (usu. in pi.) : women's cs, muliebria b,, 
 Tac. 2. blandiiia (usu, in pi.): wo- 
 men's cs, muliebres blanditiae, Liv. 
 3, amplexus, iis : v. embrace. 4. 
 (more usu.) : e.xpr. by part of verb: as, 
 to p)-esent the neck (of a stay) for cs, 
 colla mulcenda praebere, Ov. : slie re- 
 fuses his cs, *permulcentem s. palpan- 
 tem (pectora, colla, etc.) aversatur: v. 
 TO CARESS. To obtain a thing by c.s, 
 eblandiri (rare) : Cic. : to wheedle. 
 
 caressing (adj.): biandus: you are 
 not sufficiently c, blanda es parum, PI. 
 
 caressingly : blande : Cic : Hor. 
 
 cargo : 6nus, eris, n. : thither they 
 all resorted with tlieir wares and c.s, eo 
 onines cum mercibus atque ineribus 
 commeabant, Cic I' h r. : to put a ship's 
 c. aboard, navem onerare. Sail. : to dis- 
 charge a ship's c, navem exonerare, PI. 
 
 caricature (subs.) : imago ficto in 
 pejus vultu posita ; cf. Hur. Ep. 2, i, 
 265 ; *lraago ridicule in pejus detorta. 
 (Plin. N. H. J5, 10, J7, speaks of ludi- 
 crous pictures called grylli : these were 
 probably a kind of caricatures.^
 
 CARICATURE 
 
 C A R R I AWAY 
 
 CARRY OUT 
 
 caricature (»•) ■• vuitum aiicujus in 
 
 pejus fingere, Hur. 1. c. (ol -course only 
 of a caricature likenes^); cf, eiibs, 
 
 caricaturist: (?) gryllorum piclor: 
 or expr. by verb : v. cAuicATnEE. 
 
 caries: caries, el./. .- thee, of a bone, 
 c. ossis, Cels. : v. kottenness. 
 
 carious : cirlosus : a c. bone, os c, 
 Cels. : c. teeth, c. denies, Plln. 
 
 carman: 1. qui carrum agit, 
 
 ducit. 2. vectiirarlus : Cod. Theod.; 
 
 V. WAGGON KR. 
 
 Carmelite: *carracliliinus or caime- 
 lita: M. L. 
 
 carminative (adj.) ■. *carminati- 
 vus: ALL. I'lir. : c. medicines, medi- 
 camenta quae inflationem discullunt, 
 I'lin. 
 
 carminative (subs.) .- remedium vel 
 medicamentuni Ciirniinativum- M. L. 
 
 carmine: (•') coccum .- Piin. : v. 
 
 SCARLET. 
 
 carnage ; caedes, strages : v. 
 
 SLAUGHTER. 
 
 carnal : I. Appertaining to the 
 flesh: esp. of sensuality : expr. by gen. 
 of corpus : c. pleasure, corporis voluptas, 
 Cic. • V. SENSUAL, BODILY. ||. Tbeol. 
 1. 1. carnalis, e : Tert. 
 
 carnality : V. SENSUALITY. IntheoL 
 sense, carnalitas : Aug. 
 
 carnally: fsp. in phr. to know c. .- 
 ineo: v. intercolrse. In theoK sense, 
 carnallter; I'ert. 
 
 carnation : I, ftesh colour .- color 
 caniis: Plln. ||. AJUnuer: *dianthus 
 caryophyllus. Linn. 
 
 carnival : *feriae ante quadragesi- 
 mam. In a looser sense. Suluraalia, n. 
 plu., may perhaps be used. 
 
 carnivorous : carnlvOrus : Plin. 
 
 Carob : 1, slUqua .- Plin. 2. 
 
 siliqui (jraeca: Col. 
 
 carol (subs.) : cantus : v. song. A 
 Christmas c, bymnus de Christ! natu. 
 
 carol ("•) •■ canto, cantillo : v. to 
 
 SING. 
 
 carotid arteries: *arteriae caro- 
 tides M. L. 
 carousal, carouse: 1. comis- 
 
 satio : Cic: Liv. : v. kevel. 2. po- 
 tatio : a dinner, a c, w a supper, pran- 
 dium, p., coena, PI.: yav-iiing from 
 yesterday's c, hestema p. oscitantes, 
 Cic. ap. Quint. : v. drinking. 
 
 carouse («.) •• 1. cOmissor, I ; 
 Tor. : Liv. : Hor. 2, polo, potavi, 
 potatura and potum, i • they were c.ing 
 all day Umg, totos dies polabatur, Cic. ; 
 V. TO drink. Soraetiraes, from the con- 
 text, bibo may suffice : cf. Hor. Od. i, 
 i"), 1, nunc est bibenduiu, "now must 
 wee." 3. perbacchor, I • toe. during 
 many days, multos dies p., Cic. : Claud. 
 
 CarOUSer : comissator : Ter. : Cic. : 
 
 V. REVKLLKR. 
 
 carousing (ouij.) .■ comissabundus 
 (riotously) Liv. 
 
 carp at: 1. carpo, carpsi, carp- 
 turn, J ■ ^'abinus nas c.'d at in the am- 
 versalions oj the soldiers, Sabinus mili- 
 tum vocibus carpebatur, Caes.: Liv. 
 2. vcllico, I (lit. to peck at): Cic: 
 Hor.: V. TO CENSUKK, CAVIL. 3, 'uor- 
 deo, moniordi, morsum, 2 : to be c.'d at 
 by the tooth of jealousy, invido dente 
 morderi, Hur. 
 
 carp (subs.) : cj'prlnus, Plin. 
 
 carpenter : 1. faber ; with a 
 qualifying word : as, f. tignarius, Cic. ; 
 f. ligiiarius, ["all. ; f. materiarius, Inscr. 
 (these specific words are also sometimes 
 used as substantit<es). 2. structor : 
 Cic. : V. BUILDER. 3. Tiaupegus, 
 
 naupegiarius (ship's c.) : v. ship builder. 
 (N.H.— Not carpcntarius, which is a 
 coach-maker.) 
 
 carpentry : l. e. the craft .- 1. 
 matfirtatura fabrllis : Vitr. 2. ma- 
 tgrlarla fabrica : Plin. 
 
 carper: v. caviller. 
 
 carpet (subs.) .- l. stragilum : 
 
 the gen. tei-m for all kinds of coverlets 
 (q. V.) : Varr. : Cic. 2. tJipes, etis, 
 m. : tapetg, Is, n. : pi. tapeta : used of 
 worked taptstrj' (q. v.) of all kinds : 
 Virg. : Plin. (N.B.— The rooms of the 
 ancients were uncarpeted ; and the 
 
 above words occur chiefly in sense of 
 coverings for couches, etc.) 
 
 carpet (>'.)■• Phr.: to c. a room, 
 ♦conclave tu|)eiio steniere. 
 
 carping (adj.) ■. mordax, acis : a c. 
 and eiivivus person, m. et lividus, Hor. 
 
 carping (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 
 TO I ARi". Phr.: fmiU of c, mordax, 
 invidu.i V. .jealous. 
 
 carpingly: expr. by verb: as, to 
 speak c, cavlUor, etc. . v. to cavil. 
 
 carriage : I. jf ''« f^ct of carry- 
 ing : vecliira : we sent a person to pan 
 for thee, misimus qui pro v. solvere!, 
 Cic. : the c. of goods, v. mercium, Paul. 
 "'B- II. A wheeled vehicle: 1, 
 
 vChiculum (most gen. term) : PI. : 
 Cic. 2. rheda (four wheeled c.) : 
 Caes. ; Hor. 3. carpeiitum (a two- 
 wheeled c. esp. for ladies) : Liv. : Ov. 
 4. pilentum (an easy c. chiefly Jor 
 ladies; by whom it was used on festi- 
 val days) : Liv. : Virg. 5. carruca 
 (four wheeled travelling c.) : Suet. : 
 Plin. 6. petorritum (a four-wheeled 
 c, of Gallic origin): Cic. |||, The 
 cost of cunivying : vectiira (=pretium 
 vecturae) PI. : Sen. |V. Gesture, 
 mien (q. v.) Inccssus, liabilus, gestus. 
 
 carriage-maker: 1. rhedarius: 
 
 Capitol. 2. carpeiitarius artlfex : 
 
 Lampr. : also simply, carpentarius : 
 Tarrunt. Dig. 
 
 carrier : 1. gerillus : Suet. : Hor. : 
 V. fdRTEi:. 2. vector: there ought 
 always to be more strength in the c. 
 than in the burthen, debet semper plus 
 esse viriuni in vectore quam in onere. 
 Sen. : the c. of Silenus, Sileni v., Ov. 
 3. portitor: Claud. Cod. Just, 
 carrion : morticina caro : Sen. 
 carrot : 1. carOta Apic. 2. 
 pastinaca: Plin. 3. *daucus caroUi : 
 Linn. 
 
 carry : To bear, convey (lit. and 
 fig-) : 1. fero, tuli, latum, j : he teas 
 c.'d in a closed litter, operta lectica 
 latus est, Cic. : he <n-dered the standards 
 to be c.'d, sigua ferri jussii, Caes. : to c. 
 a corpse (to the grave), cadaver ferre, 
 Hor.: prov. "toe. coals to Newcastle," 
 ligna ill silvam f., Hor. 2. porto, i 
 (esp. of heavier things) • to c. buHhcns, 
 onera p., Caes. : to c. bread on one's 
 shoulders, panem humeris p., Hor. : 
 they c.'d the joyful vews to their 
 wives and cliilaren, ad conjuges liber- 
 osque laetum uuntium poriabant, Liv. 
 3. vgho, vexl, vectum, i (esp. 
 of conveying passengers or goods) : a 
 bull c.'d Europa, taurus vexil Europam, 
 Cic. : to c. a liasket of bread on one's 
 shoulder, reticulum panis humero v., 
 Hor. 4. g<5ro, j : v. to bear. 5, 
 gesto, I (c. about) : he cut off the head 
 and ordered it to be c.'d about fixed on a 
 pike, caput ab.scidit, idqiie affijsum ges- 
 lari jussit in pilo, Cic: J have c.'d tlie 
 boy in my hands, pueruni in manibus 
 gestavi meis, Ter. 6. biajulo, i (of 
 porters : rare) : / will c. the load, ego 
 bajulabo, PI.: Phaedr. Phr.: to c. 
 a law, legem perferre, Cic. : to c. erne's 
 poird, pervincere ut, Liv. : to c.a town 
 by storm, oppidum expugnare or vi 
 capere, Caes. the engines c. a missile 
 across the river, *tormenta tela trans 
 flumen projicjunt: to c. to an account, 
 in rationes referre, Cic. 
 
 away: 1. aufero, abstull, 
 
 ablatum, j : he used to c. away many 
 things to his own house, multa domuui 
 suani aufertbat, Cic: / am c.'daivay 
 a</ainst the cliffs, auferor ui scopulos, 
 Ov. Fig.: / exhort you not to allow 
 the advice of others to c. you away, te 
 hortor ne te auferant aliorum consilia, 
 Cic. 2. effero, } (only in pass, and 
 fig.) : to be c.'d away by zeal, by desire, 
 studio, cupiditate efferrl, Cic. 3, as- 
 porto, I : to c. away an image, simu- 
 lacrum as., Cic. : Liv. 4. avijho, j : 
 to c. away anymiefrom his native coun- 
 try, aliquem a patria uv., PI. : they c.'d 
 away the com i-n ships, frumentuin na- 
 vlbus avexerunt. Cues. 5. evgho, j 
 (fig.) : c.'d away by unfounded hope, spe 
 vana evectus, Liv. g. provgho, } 
 
 (flg.): I feel that I have been c.'d further 
 than the proposed plan required, seutio 
 me esse longius provecium quam pro- 
 posita ratio postularet, Cic. : Liv. 7 
 rSpio, rapul. raptum, j (fig.) : Wind 
 desire for plunder and rapine c 'd you 
 away, praedae ac rapinarum cuplditas 
 caeca te raptebat, Cic. : by ttie opinions 
 of the mob we are c.'d away into error, 
 opinionlbus vulgl rapiniur In errorem 
 Cic 
 
 carry along (of buildings, etc.) : l. 
 duco, duxi, ductum, j : to c.a vail along 
 through a vestibule, parietem per vet,- 
 tibulum d., Cic. ; to c. along a tr^ncli, 
 fossani d., Caes. 2. perduco, j (of 
 reaching a certain limit) . he cs a wall 
 ab/ng from Lake Levtanus to Mount 
 Jura, a lacu Lemanno ad monteiu Juram 
 murum perducit, Caes. 3. ago, egi, 
 actum, J (rare) : the main .«ei<e/ had to 
 6e c.'d along under ground, t luaca maxi- 
 ma sub terram agenda eral, Liv. 
 
 back: 1. reiero, j: c. the 
 
 vessels back to the house, vasa domum 
 refer, PI. : the ships %oere c.'d back to the 
 same place, naves eodem refercbantur, 
 Caos. 2. r^porto, i: to c. back Ute 
 gold, aurum r., PI.: to c. back an army 
 in ships, exercitum navibus r., Ciies. 
 
 3. reveho, j : to c. back the booty, 
 praedam r., Liv.: Hor. 4 rSgcro, 
 gessi, gestum, j (rare): Liv.: Ov. 
 
 off: I. To take auay forci- 
 bly •■ 1. fSro. J : he satv the projjcrly 
 of hisallies c.'d and driven off, res socio- 
 rum ferri agique vidit, Liv.: the fates 
 have c.'d you off, te fata tulerunt, Virg. 
 2. aufero, j ■ swift death c.'d off 
 illustiious Achilles, abstulit clarum clta 
 nioi-s Achillem, Hor. : their children are 
 c 'd off to serve elsewhere, liberi alibi 
 servituri auferuntur, Tac. 3. inter- 
 cipio, cepi, cepium, j : v. to cut off. 
 
 4. rapio, } : to c. off maidens, \ir- 
 gines r., Liv. : Hor.: v. to ravish. 5. 
 praeiipio, j (to c. off first, before some- 
 one else) : tehy did you come hither to c. 
 off my betrothed ? quid hue vcnisti 
 sponsam praerepium meam? PI.: to c. 
 off the arms of Minerva, anna Minervae 
 p., Ov. ; Lucr. 6. trabo, traxl. trac- 
 tiini, } : to c. off spoils from anytme, de 
 aliquospoliat., Cic: toe. off booty from 
 the fields, praedam ex agris tr., Liv. 
 
 II. 'To gain lin a conlest): L 
 fero, } : to c. off the victory, palmam f., 
 Cic. : to c. off a victory from an unarmed 
 man, victoriam ex inemil f., Liv. 2. 
 aufero, }: toe. off a reward, praemium 
 auf., Suet. 3. deporto, i : to c. off a 
 triumph, triumphuni d., Cic. 4. re- 
 porto, 1 : to c. of nothing except renown 
 innn either foes or allies, nihil praeter 
 iduoem e.\ hustiUus reporiure, Cic. 5. 
 tollo, J : Virg. 
 
 on : 1, exerceo, 2 : to con a 
 
 trial. Judicium ex., Cic: to c. on an in- 
 vestigation about an assas.nnation. 
 quaestionem inter sicarios ex., Cic. 2. 
 fiiclo, feci, factum, } . to c. on the busi- 
 ness of a banker, aigentariam f., Cic. 
 3. gero, gessl, gestum, j (esp. of pub- 
 tic business) : to c. on and manage pub- 
 lic affairs, rem publicam g. el adminis- 
 trare, Cic : to c. on an undertaking, 
 susceptuni negotlum g., Cic. : to c. on 
 war, bellum g., Caes.: Cic. Phr.: to 
 c. on war in concert, bellum conjungere, 
 Cic 
 
 out: I. Toccmveyout: \, 
 
 effCro. J (esp. to carry out for burial) : 
 PI. : Cic. : to c. out provisions from home, 
 cibaria domo ef., Caes. • he ordered the 
 standards to be c.'d out of the camp, 
 vexilla efferrl e castris Jussit, Liv. 2. 
 exporto, I : to c. the bodies if the dead 
 out of the houses, airpora luce carentum 
 tectis ex., Virg. : Caes. 3. egero, j : 
 to c. the booty out of tlie houses, praedam 
 ex tectis eg., Liv. 4. evf ho, } : the 
 statues were c.'d out of the temples in 
 tiaygons, signa ex fanls plauslris evecla 
 sunt, Cic. : to c. ships out into the open 
 sea, naves In altum ev., Liv. ||, To 
 perform, fully : exs<?quor, .secutus, } : 
 to c. out otte's undertak-ings, inccpta ex, 
 Liv. : V. to accomplish, effect. 
 log
 
 CARRY OVER 
 
 CASHIER 
 
 CAST UPON 
 
 carry over : iransfero, j ■ u statue nf 
 Diana c.'d ova- to Carthage, simulacrum 
 Bianae translatum Canhagiiiem, Cic. : 
 the system is thought to have been in- 
 vented in Britain and thence c.'d over 
 into Gaul, disciplina in Britannia re- 
 perta atque inde in yalllam translata 
 esse exi^tiraatur, Caes. ; v. to transfer. 
 
 round : 1. circumlero, j . 
 
 come, c. round the xvine, age, circumfer 
 mulsum, PI. : to c. an infant round 
 through the temples, infantem per tem- 
 plac, Siiel. 2. circumgesto, i: to j. 
 round a letter, epistolam c, Cic. 
 
 through: perfero, j : ke c.'d the 
 
 law through, i.e. succeeded in passing 
 it, legem pertulit, Liv. -. toe. through an 
 action at law, actionem p., Paul. Dig. 
 
 cart (.syi>s.) -. plaustrum : plostellum : 
 V. WAGGON. P h r. : to put the c. before 
 tliehm-se, praeposleris uti cunsillis, Cic. 
 
 cart ("•) ■" plausuo vfihere : v. to 
 
 CARRY. 
 
 cartage: vectura: V. CAERIAGE. 
 cart-grease : axungla : Plin. : V. 
 
 GBEASc. 
 
 cart-horse: jflmenlum (gen. term 
 for beast of burden) : Caes. : (?) equus 
 plaustrarius (cf. p. asini, Cato). 
 
 cart-load: vghes, is,/. .- Plin.: Col. 
 
 cart-wright: plaustrarius: Lampr. 
 
 cartel: originallj' the piece of paper 
 or card on which a communication was 
 Bent (tabula, tabella) ■ hence, the com,' 
 mmnicaticm. itself: (1) respecting ex- 
 change nf prisoners : pactio de captivis 
 permutandis- v. agreement: (2) of a 
 challenge : (?) epistola provocatoria : v. 
 
 TO CHALLENGE. 
 
 carter : plaustrarius : UIp. 
 cartilage : carlilago, inis,/..- Cels. : 
 Plin. 
 cartilaginous : 1. cartiiagineus : 
 
 Plin. 2. cartilaginosus • Cels : Plin. 
 
 cartoon : •picturae adumbratio in 
 charta spissiore facta : v. sketch. 
 
 cartouche : I. ^ cartridge-box : 
 q. V. II, An architectural ornament : 
 1. helix, icis. /.; Vitr. 2. v6- 
 liita: Vitr. 
 
 cartridge : *embolus (Kr. and 
 Georg.) : as t. term. 
 
 cartridge-box: *erabolorum pyxis: 
 V. supr. 
 
 carve : I. ^o ct artistically : 
 1. caelo, I (chiefly of work in 
 metal, esp. gold or silver : and alwaj's 
 of designs on the surface : v. to chase, 
 EMBf)SS) : the brave deeds nf their fathers 
 c.d on gold, caelata in auio forlia facta 
 patrum, Virg. : c.d hw/i-, caelatum opus, 
 Virg. 2. sculpo, sculpsi, sculptum, 
 J (ofcarvinganejih'ce uoric; not merely 
 the surface): a wise man is not c.d out 
 of stone nor hewn nut of oak, sapiens 
 non est e sa.KO sculptus aut e robore 
 dolalus, Cic. : he c.d snow-white ivory 
 with wonderful skill, niveum mira arte 
 6culpsit ebur, Ov. 3. exsculpo, j (to 
 carve out) : I had c.d out of an oak 
 something which sremed like a resem- 
 blance, e quercu exsculpseram quod 
 videretur simile simulacri, Cic. 4. 
 insculpo, } (to c. in or upon) : lots c.d 
 upon oak, sortes in robore insculptae, 
 Cic. : to c. the amount of one's patrimony 
 upon a stone, sumraam patrimoni in. 
 saxo, Hor. 5. scalpo, j : i. e. to en- 
 grave : q. V. 6. incido, cidi, clsum, 
 J : V. TO ENGRAVE : to c. one's loves on 
 trees, amores arboribus in., Virg. ||, 
 To cut up food for distribution : 1. 
 sSco, itvi and ui, atum and ctum, i : to 
 c. viands i"ith propriety, altilia decen- 
 ters.,Sen. Kp.47,5. Juv. 2. scindo, 
 scidi, scissiwi, { : to c. viands, obso- 
 nium s.. Sen.: to c. birds, aves s.. Sen. 
 3. carpo, psi, ptum, j (prop, to take 
 with the lingers): Petr. Phr. : to be 
 clever at c.ing, certis ductibus circum- 
 ferens erudit-m manum in frusta ex- 
 cntere. Sen. I. c. 
 
 carver : \. An artist who carves : 
 1. oaelator: Cic: Juv. 2. scalp- 
 tor: Veil.: Plin. II, A cutter up of 
 meat : 1. carptor : Juv. 2. scis- 
 sor : Petr. 3. stnictor : the c.'s knife, 
 Blrnctoris ferrura. Mart.: Juv. 
 no 
 
 carving: caelatiiti (either the art, 
 or the carved object) . Quint. : Suet. : 
 
 V. RELIEF. 
 
 carving-knife : cuiteiius : Juv. 
 
 caryatides ; caryatides,/, plu. : V itr. 
 
 cascade: dejectus, us- v. water- 
 fall. (More precisely, perh. aquae de- 
 jectus multis saltibus per saxa f actus.) 
 
 case {subs.) ^ coceHng, sheath : q. v. 
 
 1. involucrum : Cic. : Plin. 2. 
 theca ; when the razor is safe in its 
 curved case, fuerit curva cum tuta nova- 
 cula theca. Mart. : Cic. 
 
 case (subs.) : I, State, condition, 
 circumstances: q v. 1, res, rfii,/. : 
 if the c. shall require it. si res posiula- 
 bit, Cic: the c. is this, ita res se habet, 
 Cic: considering the circumstances of 
 the sase, pro re nata, Cic. 2. causa 
 (chieHy in certain phr. : v. examples) : 
 sometimes it is the duty of a man to 
 commit suicide, while of another, in the 
 same case, it is not, nonnunquam mor- 
 tem sibi ipse consciscere aliquis debet, 
 alius in eadem causa non debet. Cic- 
 in the same c. were the C'sipetes, in 
 eadem c. fuerunt Usipetes, Caes. : to 
 be in better (more desirable) c, in 
 meliore c. esse, Cic. 3, casus, us (lit. 
 a chance : hence esp. a contingent c.) : 
 to make preparations for every contin- 
 gent c, ad omues c. subsidia comparare, 
 Caes. : Cic. 4. tempus, oris, n. (esp. 
 a particular c, or crisis ; q. v.): Ca/-sar 
 accuses the Aedui of not assisting him 
 in so urgent a c.,C. Aediios incusat quod 
 tarn necessario t. ab iis non sublevetur, 
 Caes.: c.s often happen uhen. etc., t. 
 saepe incidunt quum, etc., Cic. 5. 
 Very often expressed by a neuter 
 adjective or pronoun, or left to be un- 
 derstood : as, since such is the c, quae 
 I um ita sint, Cic. : the c. is as you say, 
 sunt ista, Cic. : and yet the c. is sn, at- 
 qui sic haliet, Hor.: I uas afraid that 
 the c. which has occurred might bifal 
 timebam ne evenirent ea quae accide- 
 nmt, Cic. : C.S often occur in which 
 debtors do not meet their engage- 
 ments punctually, fit saepe ut ii qui 
 debentnon respondeantad tempus, Cic. : 
 the same c. has not happened to me as 
 i/ou w)ite has bejallen you, non venit 
 idem usu niihi quod tu tibi scribis, Cic. 
 Phr.: his c is dangerous (of a sick per- 
 son), periculose aegrotat, Cic. : were my 
 c. yours you would think differently, 
 tu si hie sis, aliter censeas, 'I'er. : im- 
 partial law has aluays been striven 
 after ; for in any other c. it would not 
 be law, jus semper est quaesilum aequa- 
 bile ; neque enim aliler esset jus, Cic. : 
 fear is embarrassing in both c.s, pavor 
 est utrobique molestus, Hor. : incase: 
 v, IP, sLi'POSiNG. II, A statement of 
 facts, a point submitttxl for decision or 
 opinion : 1, quaestio : to state a c, 
 q. ponere, Cic. : a c. of conscience, *q. 
 adconscieniiamperiinens- v. casuistry. 
 
 2. prOpdsiilo (legal): Afric. Dig. 
 
 III, In law : causa - v. lawsuit. 
 
 IV. 'J'/ie inflection of a noun : ca- 
 sus, iis: the iwminative c, c. rectus, 
 Cic. : the oblique c.s, c. obliqui. Quint. 
 
 case ("•) -■ tego, includo : v. to co- 
 ver, ENCLOSE. 
 
 case-harden : *extrinsecus durare : 
 
 v. TO HARDEN. 
 
 casemate: (?)celIatormentaria(Kr.) 
 
 casement : fenestra mobilis, or 
 simply, lenestra : perhaps, fSnestrella : 
 Col. : or fenestrula : Apul. 
 
 cash (subs.) 1, niimeratura : / had 
 no c, numeratum non habebam, Cic. : 
 Liv.: Hor. 2. niimerata pecunia : 
 Cic. : Mart. 3. praesens pecunia : to 
 deal for c, praesenti p. mercan, PI. : 
 everything will be sold for c, omnia ve- 
 nibunt praesenti p., PI.: Cic. 4. nii- 
 mus (nummus) : in pi. : virtue after c, 
 virtus post nummos, Hor. : v. money. 
 
 cash ("•) •■ pecunia numerata solvere 
 or pendere : to c. a bill, nomen prae- 
 senti pecunia solvere (cf. Cic. Att. 6, z). 
 
 cash-book: codex accepti et ex- 
 pensi, Cic. : v. account-book. 
 
 cashier (subs.) : *scriba (procura- 
 tor ?) numularias, peconiarius. 
 
 cashier ("•) •• 1. exauctoro, : 
 Caesar c.'d the centurion and even ba- 
 ni.<:hed him (for adultery), Caesar (i. e. 
 Trajanus) centurionem exauctoravit, at- 
 que etiam relegavit, Plin. Ep. : lac: 
 Suet. (But the verb is also used in the 
 sense of to discharge a soldier who has 
 served his time • q. v.) 2. cum igno- 
 minia dimitto, misi, missum, } (stronger 
 than 1): he c.'d the whole of the tenth 
 legion, decimam legionem cum igno- 
 minia toiani dimisit. Suet. 
 
 casino : perh. couveuticiilum : cf 
 Tac. A. 14, 15. 
 
 cask : cupa : Caes. : Cic. : v. barrel, 
 
 TLB. 
 
 casket: 1. arcilla: Cic: a c- 
 
 maAr*;?-, arcularius, PI. 2. pyxis, idis, 
 /. ; v. BOX. 
 
 casque: cassis: v. helmet. 
 
 cassia : casia or cassia : Plin. 
 
 cassock : *tunica clericoriim. 
 
 cassowary: *casuarius: M. L. 
 
 cast ("•)■" I. Lit.: jacio, con- 
 
 jicio;jacto, mitto: v.tothrow, Phr.- 
 to c. anchor, ancoras jacere, Caes. : to c. 
 a man into prison, aliquem in carcerem 
 coiijicere, Cic: to c. those overpowered 
 with wine into a deep sleep, vino onera- 
 tos sopire, Liv. : lots had been c. to de- 
 cide this, dejecta in id sors erat, Liv. (v. 
 LOT) : to c. a play, *fabulae partes in 
 singulos histriones(actores) distribuere : 
 to c. a nativity, fata per genituram in- 
 terpretari (cf. Amm. 29,1, 5): v. ho- 
 roscope : the eyes of all the jurymen 
 u ere c. upon Oppianicus, oculi omnium 
 Judicum in Oppianicum conjiciebantnr, 
 Cic. : to c. onefs eyes (coietously) upon a 
 thing, rei oculos atjjicere, Cic. : a c.ing 
 imie, quae ad cumulura accedit sententia, 
 Cic CI. 27, 74. II, To suffer to fall 
 off : exuo, ui, utum, j : serpents c. their 
 old sicin, angues vernationem ex., Plin. 
 (also vernaiit, Plin.): v. to shed. |||, 
 Tn condemn (q. v.) : damno, i : C. Lici- 
 nius Stolo V as c. by M. Popillius Laenas 
 in 10,000 asses, C. L. Stolo a M. P. 
 Laenate decem milibus aeris estdamna- 
 tus, Liv. P h r. : to be c. in a suit, 
 causa cadere, Cic. : v. to fail. |V, Tb 
 form out of molten metal : \, flo, 
 
 1 : the oldest bronze money was c, aes 
 antiquissimum est flatum, Varr. : Gell. 
 
 2. furido, tiidi, fiisum, i (more usu.) : 
 to c. the limbs or a statue, statuae mem- 
 bra f., Quint. : Hor.: v. TO FODND. 
 
 down : 1. dejlclo, jeci, jec- 
 
 tum, J : to c. down one's eyes upon the 
 ground, oculos in terrara d., Virg. : 
 Quint. K i g. : they were c. doivn from 
 that hope, ea spe dejecti sunt, Caes. 
 
 2. affiigo, flixi, flictum, j (fig. : 
 
 stronger than dejicio) : to c. down and 
 
 wealxn one s spirits by fear, animos af. 
 
 et debilitare metu, Cic, 
 
 - — off: 1, amoveo, movi,motuin, 
 
 2 (fig.) : c. off your sloth, scgnitiem 
 amove, PI. : fear being c. off, amoto 
 metu, Ter. 2. exuo, ui, iitum, } (v. 
 TO .strip off) : to c. off the yoke, jugum 
 ex., Liv. Fig.: toe. off one's country, 
 patriam ex., Tac. 3. pono, j : v. to 
 lay aside. 
 
 out: 1. ejicio,jeci,Jectum, i . 
 
 it teas a great thing to c. me out (drive 
 me into exile), e. nos magnum fuit, Cic. : 
 V. to expel. 2. expello, pflli, pulsum, 
 
 J : V. to drive out, BANISH. 3, eX- 
 
 spuo, iii, utum, j (to vomit forth): what 
 sea c. you out from its foaming waves ? 
 quod mare te spumantibus exspuit 
 undis? Cat. 
 
 UP (of accounts) : subdiico 
 
 duxi, ductum, } : toe. up the total 
 summam s., Cic. Att 5, 21. 
 
 upon : I, L i t. : chiefly in 
 
 pass. ; as, to be e. upon an island. In 
 iusulam depelli, dejici, deferri (v. t< 
 drift). II, Fig.: esp. of blame, im- 
 putatton : 1, aspergo, spersi, spersuir> 
 ? : by your piaise you c. a reflectim. 
 upon a most distinguished man, claris- 
 sinio viro nonnullam laudatione tua labe- 
 culam a.spergis, Cic. 2. conjicio, j 
 to c. blame ujimi the one watchful per- 
 son, culpam in unum vigilem c, Liv. ■ 
 Cic. 3. conl'ero, tiili, latum, j: to
 
 CAST 
 
 C A T< a 
 
 CAT n o Lie 
 
 e. blame upon the mnb. culpam in miiltl- 
 tudinem c, Caes. : v. ui.amk. 
 
 cast {subs.): I. The act of throiv- 
 vng : jattus, us : Cic. : v. throw. ||. 
 The distance that a thing is throum ■ 
 jactus, U8: ii-ithin a missile's c, intra 
 teli jactum, Virg. |||. A throw of 
 dice : jactus : Liv. : Ov. |V, A tinge : 
 Ph r. : a prarl that has a c. of broum, 
 margarita suffiisca, Tac. : a tragic cast 
 (of style). traRicus color, Hor. V. ^" 
 oblique tuni in the eye : I' h r. to have 
 a c. in the eyes, perversis oculis es.se, 
 Cic. : a man that has a c. in the eye, 
 paetus, Hor. V|. Anything caU in 
 
 metal, plaster, etc.: 1. IJpus: Cic: 
 Plin. 2. af's. aeris. n. (of bronze casts) : 
 Hot.- Plin. I'hr. : to J'l/rm a nax c. in 
 a mould of plaster of I'aris, ceram in 
 formam ^T)s1 infundere, I'lin. VII. 
 The distribution of jiarts in a play : 
 •fabulae partium ' in singulos actores 
 distributio. 
 
 Castanet: 1, crStaium : Cic. 2. 
 Ocriismu, atis, n. r Mart. 6, 71. 
 
 castaway: pcrditus: v. odtcast, 
 
 RUINED. 
 
 caste : ordo, inls. m. (used by Bopp 
 to denote caste: Gloss. Sans.)- more 
 precisely, ordo honiirium qui semper 
 eundem vltae slatum lenent queni patres 
 tenebant. 
 
 castellan : *castellanus : M. L. ; arc! 
 or castello praefectus. 
 
 castellated: turritus: c. walls, t. 
 
 muri, Ov. : c. ships, t. puppes, Virg. 
 
 caster: I, a throner : iacdlator-. 
 Liv. : Hor. 1|. A caster if metal.t .- 
 
 1. fiator. Pomp. Dig. " 2. flatu- 
 rarius- Cod. Theod. |||, Of nativi- 
 ties : l.astrOlSgus : Cic. : Suet. 2. 
 fatorum per geniluras interpres: Amm! 
 
 IV. -4 small metal wheel. *rotula 
 aenea. 
 
 castigate : castigo, i : cic. : Virg. . 
 
 V. TO CHAbTISE, PUNISH. 
 
 castigation: castigglio: Cic . Liv.: 
 (or expr. by verb : v. To cHASTtSE). 
 
 Castigator: castigator; Liv.: Hor. 
 
 casting (««'«.) •• 1. conjectus, us : 
 o c. of the eyes iipmi any one, oculoruni 
 conjectus, Cic. 2. fQsura (of metals) : 
 Plin. 3. flatura (= No. 2) : the c. 
 of bronze, aeris f., Vitr. 
 
 casting-net: 1. funda: virg. 
 
 2. rete jaculum . PI. : or simply, 
 jui filum • Ov. 
 
 castle : 1. rastellum : Caes. : Cic 
 i'hr.- the defenders or garrison if a 
 castle, castellani, Liv. 2. turris, is,/, 
 (as the residence of a prince, etc.): the 
 huts of the poor, and the c.s of kings. 
 pauperum tabeniae, regumque turres, 
 Hor.: a j-oi/aZ c, turris regia, Ov. I'hr.. 
 he builds cs in the air, hie vigllans som- 
 iiiat, PI. 
 
 castor: v. beavee. 
 
 castor-oil plant : 1. cici, imied. 
 
 n.: Cels. : Plin. 2. croton : Plin. 
 
 3. riclnus . Plin. (r. communis, 
 Linn.). 
 
 castor-oil : ciclnum oleum : Plin. 
 
 castrate : 1. castro, 1 : Varr. : 
 Suet. 2. exsSco, i : Cic. : Mart. 3, 
 seco, iii, sectum, i : Mart. 
 
 castrated ("dj.): 1. castratus: 
 Cic: I'lin. 2. semimas, miiris: Varr.: 
 Ov. : V. ELNtCH. 
 
 castration : 1. castratio : Coi. 
 
 2. castratura : Pall. 
 casual: 1. fortiiitus: a c. advan- 
 tage, f. bonuni, Cic: v. accidental. 
 2. tenierarius (rare) : PI. 
 casually : 1. fortg : whether c. 
 
 or prrondeiilially. vel f. vel providentia. 
 Veil. 2. forluito: (iies. : Cic. 3. 
 tfmere : I'er. : Virg.: v. by chanck. 
 casualty : casus, us : v. accident, 
 
 mSFOKTUNE. 
 
 casuist: *quaestionum conscientiae 
 s. ad conscientiam pertinentium. discep- 
 tator; qui quaesiiones de offlclis difTUi- 
 llores solvit, discepiat: causaruni diibi- 
 arum dlsceptaior (Kr.): qui consilium 
 dubitantibus deofficiisdat (cf. Jer. Taj-- 
 lor's "(lubitantiuni ductor "). 
 
 casuistical : aii quaestiones consci- 
 entiae dubia* pertineiis : v. sopnisrirAU 
 
 casuistry : doctrlnu de offlciorum 
 controversils : Bauer ap. Kr. 
 
 cat: I. An aninud: feles or fells 
 (nsu./cm.) : Cic: Ov. : a male c, feles 
 nia-s, Plin.: or caius: Anihol.: Pall. 
 I'roverb: to bell the c, lupo agnum 
 eripere, PI. ||. A scourge (q. v.): fla- 
 gellum. 
 
 catachresis : 1. abiislo : Cic. : 
 
 Quint. 2. catachresis, is,/. : Quint. 
 
 cataclysm : cataclysmos : Varr. : 
 Aug. 
 
 catacombs : piiticuli, orum, or pCiti- 
 culac, arum : Varr. 
 
 catafalque : aedes aurata : Suet. 
 Caes. ^4. 
 
 catalectic : citalectlcus : Prise 
 
 catalepsy : cat&lepsia, or c^tilepsis : 
 M. L. 
 
 catalogue : 1. cataiogus : Macr. 
 
 2. rfipertorium : Ulp. 3. inde.x, 
 ids: (.')cf. .Sen. Tr. 9, 4. Phr. . auc- 
 tion cs, tabulae auctionariae, Cic. (= 
 tabulae rernm venalium). 
 
 catapult : cat&pulta : Vitr. 
 
 cataplasm : cataplasma, atis, n. : 
 Cels.: Plin. 
 
 cataract: f. a vast vaterfall: 
 
 calaracta, catarracta, ae, /., and catar- 
 ractes, ae, m. : Plm. : Vitr. ||. A dis- 
 ease of the eye : 1. glaucoma, atis. 
 n. : Plin. 2. squama : Plin. 3. 
 suffiisio oculi : (Dels. 
 
 catarrh: 1. gravgdo, inis, /. : 
 
 Cic. : Cels. : subject tn <:., gravedinosus, 
 Cic 2. coryza: Qoe\. Aur. 3. 
 
 calarrlius: .Marc Emp. 
 
 catastrophe: |. ne denouement 
 of a uiirk of art: ciitastropha (Gr. 
 KaTa<iTpoif>T}) . Petr. II, A final event, 
 >np. if unfortunate : 1. ruina; that 
 
 II as an act of violence, and a kind of c. 
 and storm, vis Ilia fuit, et r. quaedam 
 aique tempestas, Cic. : Liv. 2. tem- 
 
 pesias (v. preceding ex.), pr6cella: v. 
 STORM. 3. exitus, us: a Jell c, 
 
 saevus e., .fuv. (of the death of" Demo- 
 sthenes) : V. FATE, DISASTER. 
 
 catch (*'•)•• I. Tb seize, lay hold 
 
 of: 1. capio, cepi, captum, j : to c. 
 birds, aves c, Varr. : to c. a stag, 
 cervum c, Phaedr. 2. excipio, j (i. e. 
 to stop the flight of; encounter uhile 
 feeing): toe. ivild animals as they fy 
 (of game beaten out), ex. feras liigi- 
 entes, Phaedr. : to c. a goat by snaies. 
 caprum insidiis ex., Virg. 3. capto, 
 I (strictly only a frequent, of capio) : to 
 c. birds in a snare, fishes u-ith a rod, 
 laqueo vcluores, arundine pisces c, Tib. : 
 to c. Jlies, muscas c. Suet. 4. pre- 
 hendo, di, sum, } (prop, to lay hold of with 
 the hand: hence, to iL: led): to he caught 
 in a theft, in furto prehendi, PI. Fig.: 
 to c. any one in a lie, aliquem niendacii 
 p., PI. 6. comprehendo, j (tooveitake, 
 seize : q. v.) : many were caught uhile 
 fleeing, and slain, multi in fuga sunt 
 comprebensi atque interlecti, Caes.: to 
 c. thieves, lures c. Cat. g. depre- 
 liendo, } {to overtake, surprise : q. v.) : 
 he lias caught just as he vas folding 
 the river, in ipso fluminis vado depre- 
 hf-nsus est, Caes. : a sailor caught m the 
 (■lecian seas, iiauta Argolico maii de- 
 prebensus, Virg. Phr.: to c biids, 
 aucupor, i : Varr.: to c. fishes, liiscor, i : 
 v TO FISH. II, To receive (esp. that 
 which is falling): 1. excipio, j (cf. 
 supr. 2): to c. blooil in a bonl, saii- 
 gulneui patera ex., Cic. 2. suscipio, 
 ; : to c. imi's falling mistiess. do- 
 minam ruentem s., Virg. : to c. blood in 
 biiiils, cruoreni pateris s., VirR. |||, 
 To communicate with (of fire) : 1. 
 concipio, j : the engines of war caught 
 the fiame. tormenta flammam concepe- 
 runt. Caes.. to c. fire, Ignem c, Cic. 
 2. comprehendo, j : the fire c.s the 
 trunks of the trees, ignis "robora c, 
 Virg. : the huts caught fire, casae ignem 
 comprehendenint, Ciies 3. rapio, 
 
 rapui, raptuni. ? (poet.): Achates caught 
 the fire in tlie dry leaves. Achates rapuit 
 in funiite flammam, Virg. |V. To 
 ta'ce ^ot di.seases 6.1/ amtagion): \. 
 contralio, tra.xi, tnrium, }: to cadis- 
 ease, morbuni c. Plin. 2. nanciscor, 
 
 nactus, J : he caught the diteate, nactos 
 est morbum, Nep. V- ^ entnare 
 (q. V.) : capto, I : he wishes to c. you in 
 your talk, te c. vult loqui-niem, Cic. 
 
 catch at" 1. an-lplo, rlpul, rep. 
 turn, } : to snatch at eagerly : q. v. 2. 
 capto, I : thirsty Tantalus c.s at tlie 
 streams ever fleeing from his lips, Tan- 
 talus a labris sitien;- lugieniia c Humina, 
 Hor. Fig.: to c. at applause, plausus 
 c. Cic. : to c. at pleasure, volupiatem t, 
 Cic. 3. aucupor, 1 (orig. of the art 
 of the^biHCT-): to c. at empty fame, 
 inanem au. rumoreni, rumusculon au., 
 
 Cic: V. TO ANGLE FOB. 
 
 abripio, } : 
 
 away ; 
 
 V. TO 
 
 SNATCH AWAV. 
 
 out : dSprghendo, ^ : v. to 
 
 DETECT. 
 
 UP : excipio, J : nothing is 
 
 more quickly caught up than slander. 
 maledicio nihil citius excipilur, Cic. : to 
 C up reports, rnmores ex., Cic. 
 
 catch (sul/s.) : I. Only in coUoq. 
 language : as, to think anything a great 
 c, aliquid magni facere ; omnino in 
 lucro ponere, deputare: v. to valuf. ; 
 GAIN. ||. The catch of a lock, pes- 
 sulus(.'): v. holt. III. A species of 
 
 musical composition: canlus vocibus 
 altemis festive composiius (?) 
 
 catching {sulis.): l, captura: the 
 c. iifflfh, c. piscium, Plin. 2. captus. 
 lis: Plin.: Val. Max. 3- aucQpium 
 (catching at : in fig. sense) : a c. at 
 pleasure, a. delectaiionis, Cic : word 
 catchings, aucupia verljorum, Cic (also 
 captalio verborum, Cic.) : v. captukf. 
 
 catching (.odj.) .- conlagiosus : v. 
 contagious. 
 
 catchpenny : res nihili : v. WOBTH- 
 
 LK.S.S. 
 
 catechetical: *catecheticus : M. L. 
 
 catechetically : percatecbt-sin; (or 
 '■ pi-1 inliriugjndi ac rcspondendi vi- 
 ces," Kr.). 
 
 catechiser : catechista, ae, m. . 
 
 Hier. 
 
 catechism : 
 
 chi^mus: Aug. 
 
 1, (religious): cate- 
 2. (general): "li- 
 bellus in quo res edocentur per vices in- 
 terri)g:iiKli ac respondendi. 
 
 Catechist: catechista, ae, m.: Hier. 
 
 catechize : catechizo, i • IVrt. 1 the 
 tech. term with ref. to Christian doc- 
 trim) : V. TO INTEUROGATE. 
 
 catechu : *terra Japonica : M. L. 
 
 catechumen : catecbumgnus (Gr. 
 /caTi)\ov^e«'Os): Tart.: Jem. cateihu- 
 mgna : Aug. 
 
 categorical : 1. categOricus - 
 
 .Sidon. 2. praedicatunis : a c. pro- 
 p<isitiun,p. proposiiio, Apul. : a c. syllo- 
 gism, p. syllogismus, Mart. C^p. ; v 
 
 ABSOLUTE, POSITIVE. 
 
 categorically : *categorice : M. L. 
 
 V. liIRECTLV, ABSOLITELV. 
 
 category: I, Logical 1. c5t6 
 gijria : the c.s of Aristntle. c. Aristotelicae, 
 Isid. 2. *praedicaniinuini . M. I<. 
 
 II. ColliH|uially : niinierns: in the 
 c of inialid^, numero aegrorum, Auct. 
 B. Alex.: Hor. 
 
 cater : 1. obsono or obsonor, i 
 PI. : Ter. 2. cibum or cibos suppedi- 
 tare : Cic. 
 
 caterer : ol>s6nator : Pi. : Sen. 
 
 caterpillar: enica: I'lin. : CoL 
 
 caterwauling: uiuiatus (of any 
 
 yelling, him iingnoi-^e): v. howl. (.More 
 precisely, ulul.iius aiutus atque discon 
 qualis./e/i«»i est.) 
 Gates : cupedia, orum ; -ae, arum : 
 
 V. liAlNTIE.-i. 
 
 catgut : chorda . Cic. : Ov. : v. string. 
 cathartic (n'O-)- purgativus: Coe^ 
 
 Aur. V. APERIENT. 
 
 cathartic isubs.) : catharticum : 
 Tert. 
 
 catherral: *aedes s. ecclesia catbr- 
 drali> .M. L. : v. CHURCH. 
 
 catheter: catheter, eris, m.: Coel. 
 Aur. 
 
 catholic (adj.): cathOlIcus- the e. 
 faith, c. lilies, ll-iid. I'hr.: the R"man 
 c. doctrine, doctrina ecclesiae Komanae. 
 
 catholic {subs.) : 'dogmatimi eccie 
 siae Romunae sectiitor. 
 
 Ill
 
 CATHOLICI SM 
 
 CAUTIOUS 
 
 CAVITY 
 
 Catholicism: perhaps only in pbr. 
 Sornwii-^., ■•aociriiid s. dogmata Roraanae 
 ecclesiae. 
 
 catkin: iulus: Plin. 
 
 Cat'S-eye (» stone) : l. astSrla (?) : 
 Plin. 2. Beli dculus : Plin. 
 
 cattle : I. Animals of the hovine 
 genus : 1. bbves, boum, c. ; untencUd 
 c, incustoditae b., Ov. : stolen c, b. 
 abactae.Ov. : Cic. 2. bQbulum pecus : 
 Varr. 3. armenta, orum : Varr. : 
 Cic. II. In a wider sense, including 
 sheep, horses, etc., as well as oxen : 
 1. pecus, oris, n. (collective subs.): 
 they drove aivay the c, pecus abegerunt, 
 Cic. : stolen c, pecora abacta, Liv. : a 
 master of c, pecorum magister, Coi.: 
 liristly c, i. e. swine, setigenini p., Ov. 
 
 2. p6cu, n. (rare): Lucr. : Liv. 
 
 3. pecus. udis,/. (a single animal : 
 chiefly of sheep) : c. follow the Jiocks of 
 their own kind, pecudes sui generis 
 sequuntur greges, Cic: Lucr. Phr. : 
 Iterds of c, pgcuarii greges, Varr. ; pe- 
 cuaria, orum, Virg. : a c. breeder, pecu- 
 arius, Cic. : c. breeding, pecuaria (sc. 
 res), Varr.: c. doctors, vgterinarii, Col. 
 (also, pecorum medici, Varr.) : a c. 
 market, forum bOariuni, Liv. : Ov. : a 
 c. stealer, abactor, Apul. |||. As a 
 term of reproach : v. brutk. 
 
 caudle : sorhitlo (applicable to any 
 broth-like fluid) : Cels. : or perhaps, sor- 
 bitio ex vino. 
 
 Cailla I. A. membrane in the ab- 
 domen: Smentum: Plin.: Cels. ||. 
 A membrane sometimes found on the 
 hf.ads of new-bum infants : pileus : 
 Lainpr. 
 
 cauliflower : *brassica oleracea bo- 
 tryitis: M. L 
 
 causal ; causalis, e : Aug. : c. cim- 
 junctions, causales conjunctiones, Charis. 
 
 causality : metaph. 1. 1. -. may usu. 
 be expr. by causa : as, the notion of c., 
 ♦causarum efBcientium notio. 
 
 causation: effecilo: Cic. Acad. i. 
 2.6. 
 
 causatire : efflciens, entis : Cic. ib. 
 
 cause («"''«■) •■ |. That which pro. 
 duces an effect : 1, causa : a c. is 
 tluit nhich produces that of which it is 
 the c, c. ea est quae id efficit cujus est 
 c, Cic. : an efficient c, c. efBciens, Cic. : 
 a final C, c. tinalis, M. L. 2. materies 
 or materia (material : q. v.) : Me c. of 
 all evils, materies omnium malorum. 
 Sail. : to give c. for eiivi/. materiani iri- 
 vidiae dare, Cic. Phr.: Tiebonius 
 leemed to be the c. of their not yetting 
 vossession of the toun, stetisse per 'I're- 
 Donium quominus oppido potirentur, 
 videbatur, Caes. : he has given you no 
 c. to be angry, nihil fecit quod suc- 
 censeas, Ter. : I vill give him c. to 
 remember me as Imig as he lives, faciam 
 ut mei semper meminerit, PI. : / hear 
 that you accuse us all without c, te 
 omnes nos accusaie audio immerito, 
 Ter. : Milo is shocked at this, and not 
 without c, hoc horret Milo, neque in- 
 juria, Cic. : V. Rr,ASi>N, ACCOUNT. ||. 
 A subject of litiyatinn; a legal suit: 
 1. causa, to decide a c. in one's 
 favour, causam alicui adjiidicare, Cic. : 
 to abandona c. (of an advoci\te),c. afflig- 
 ere, Cic. : private c.s, c. privutae, Cic. : 
 p'lblic c.s, c publicae, Cic. : a c. affecting 
 life or reputation, capitis aut famae c, 
 Cic. : to lose a c, causam perdere, or 
 causa cadere, Cic. : to plead a c, causam 
 dicere, Caes. : Liv. : a petty or unim- 
 portant c, causlUa, Cic. 2. res, rci, 
 f. : to speak about c.s already investi- 
 gated and decided, de rebus cognilis 
 Judicatisque dicere, Cic. : Ulp. 3. 
 sacramentum (rare ; and orig. denoting 
 the deposit made by litigants): the de- 
 cemvirs adjudged our c. to be just, 
 decemviri s. nostrum justum jiidicave- 
 runt, Cic. : V. SUIT, ACTION. |||. .s'/tie, 
 party, object: causa: that he might not 
 seem to condemn that c. to which he had 
 attached himself, he came to the camp, 
 ne condemnare c. illam quam secntus 
 esset, videretur, ad ca^tra venit, Cic. : 
 your zeal in the c. was less active, lan- 
 guidiore studio in causa fuistis, Cic. : 
 112 
 
 the c, of the conquerors found favour 
 \tnth the gods, that of the conquered inth 
 Cato, victrix c. deis placuit, sed victa 
 Catoni, Lucan. Phr.: to be active in 
 the c. of the oppressed, *circumventos 
 acriter defendere : xce will or.e and all 
 take up arms in our country's c, *pro 
 patria arma capiemus universi. 
 
 cause (" ) •■ 1. *acio, feci, factum, 
 } (foil, by ut, when the object is a 
 sentence) : I vjill c. him to remember the 
 day, faciam ut ejus diei meminerit, PI. . 
 to c. delay, moram f., Cic. : poet, with 
 infni. : you have c.d me to behold the 
 death of my son with my own eyes, nati 
 coram me cernere letum fecisti, Virg. : 
 to c. any one's destruction, perniciem 
 alicui f., Tac. 2. efficio, feci, tectum, 
 J (constr. same as facio : also sometimes 
 loll, by ne) : thi.t c.d it to be possible for 
 proi'inoits to be brought to him, quae res 
 comnieatus ut ad eiim portari possent 
 etticiebat, Caes.: Cic: with inf.: to c. 
 things to virile, res coire eff., Vitr. : v. 
 TO BRrSG ABOUT. 3. cuio, I (of that 
 
 which any one orders or secures the 
 doing of: with ace. of gerund or ge- 
 rundive): he c.s a bridge to be made 
 ovei- the Arar, pontem in Arari faciundum 
 curat, Caes. : Cic. 4. ergo, I (to make, 
 produce : q. v.) : to c. griefs, aerumnas 
 c, PI. : to e. luxury, lux'uriam c, Cic. 
 5. moveo: V. TO EXCITE. 6. cieo, 
 civi, cUiun, 2 (to stir up, excite) : to c. 
 motions, motus c, Cic. : Plin. 7. 
 
 concieo, 2 (stionger than the simple 
 verb) ; to c. the tide, aestum c, Lucr. : 
 to c. various emotions of the soul, varies 
 motus animorum c, Tac. Phr.- to c. 
 any one trouble, alicui molestiam ex- 
 hibere, Cic. : to e. delay, alicui cuncta- 
 tionem injicere, Liv. ; PI. : to c. hatred, 
 odium parere, Ter. : to c. alarm to the 
 enemy, terrorem hostl objicere, Liv.: v. 
 
 TO EXCITE, PRODUCE, CREATE. 
 
 causeless: I. That has no cause: 
 P h r. : nothing c. can exist, nihil fieri 
 potest sine causa, Cic. ||, Vrithout 
 reason or ground: vanui: c. fear, v. 
 nietus, Hor. : v. groundless. 
 
 causelessly: 1. sine causa: Cic. 
 
 2. immerito : Ter. 
 
 causer: 1. auctor: the c. of death, 
 a. mortis, Ov. 2. effector, or effec- 
 trix : Cic. 
 
 causeway : agger, 6ris, m. (any 
 bank-like mound): or agger viae: Tac. 
 
 Ca,VLStiC (adj.): I. Burning : 1. 
 causlicus: Plin. 2. erodens, entis: 
 c. remedies, medicamenta erodentia, Cels. 
 
 3. adurens, entis : c. remalies, me- 
 dicamenta adurentia, or simply, adu- 
 rentia, Cels. Phr.: those compositions 
 are more powerfully c, eae composi- 
 tioiies vehementius adurunt, Cels. ||, 
 I'ungent, biting, severe (q. v.) : mordax, 
 acerbus. 
 
 caustic (.subs) : *nitras argenti : 
 3LL. 
 cauterisation: 1. Expr. by 
 
 ger. of aduro: Cels. 5, 28, I. 2. 
 fidustio caustica : M. L. : v. TO cau- 
 terize. 
 
 cauterize : ferro adiiro. ussi, ustum, 
 J ; or simply, aduro, j : Cels. 5, 28. 
 
 cautery : 1. ustio : Cels. : PliD. 2. 
 cauterium (the instrument) : Plin. 
 
 caution (subs.) : I. Wariness : 
 
 1, cautio : c. and timidity, c. et 
 timiditas, Cic. : about things which will 
 not allow of the exercise of c. I do not 
 give myself very much trouble, quae 
 cautionem non habebunt, deiis non ita 
 valde laboro, Cic. : the matter requires 
 c, res cautionem habet, Cic. 2. cQra ; 
 V. CARE. Phr.: to ?<se flrreat c, circum- 
 spicere diligenter, Cic. : -irith c. (adverb, 
 phr.), cauie, pgdetentim : v. CAtrriocsLY. 
 
 II. A naming : chiefly in certain phr. : 
 to give any one a c. respecting a person 
 or 'thing, *monere aliquem ut ab aliquo 
 caveat; aliquem de aliqua re raonere, 
 commonere : v. to warn, warning : 
 this may act as a c. to others, 'hoc 
 alios deterrere potest : v. to deter. 
 
 caution ("O •■ nioneo, commoneo : v. 
 to warn. 
 
 cautious: 1. cautus (of both 
 
 persons and thmgs) : c. in damgers, c. In 
 perieulis, Cic: 7nore c. in reference to 
 the more immediate evil, ad praesentius 
 malum cautiores, Liv.; a c. plan, c. 
 consilium, Cic: very c. old age, cautls- 
 sima senectus, Tac. Very c, percautus . 
 Cic. 2. conslderatus (i. e. deliberate) : 
 a c. person, c homo, Cic: a more c. 
 plan, consideratius consilium, Cic. 3. 
 circumspectus (carefully considered ; 
 hence prop, of things; as plans, coun- 
 sels: but also used of persons): v. cir- 
 cumspect. 
 
 cautiously : 1. caute : Cic. : Caes. 
 
 2, parce (strictly sparingly : q. v.) : 
 
 to attack any one c. and gently, p. et 
 
 moUiter aliquem laedere, Cic. : Hor 
 
 3. pedetentim (of approach : step 
 by step) : to approach c. and gradually, 
 p. et gradatim accedere, Cic. : Ter. 4. 
 circumspecte : v. circumspectly. 
 
 cautiousness : cautus animus ; 
 cautum iiigenium : v. cautious. 
 
 cavalcade : pompa equestris : V. 
 procession. 
 
 cavalier : I. a horseman : q. v. 
 II. /)( £ng. Hist: *regiae partis 
 sectator. 
 
 cavalierly: imperiose, superbe: v, 
 
 HAUGHTILY, DISDAINFULLY^ 
 
 cavalry : 1. equitatus, as : he 
 
 sends all the c. in advance, eq. omnem 
 praemittit, Caes. : the Xeraii are ex- 
 tremely weak in c, Nervii equitatu nihil 
 possunt, Caes. : Cic 2. fquites, um : 
 the c. of Ariovistus took up a positwn 
 200 paces from the mound, equites Ario- 
 visli passibusCC. a tumulo constiterunt, 
 Caes. light and heavy c, equites levis, 
 gravis armaturae, Kr. (based on Caes.) : 
 the c. began to deploy by troops, eq. se 
 turmatim explicare coeperunt, Caes. : 
 troops of c, equitum turmae, Tac. : o 
 coU/nel of c, praefectus, Caes.; equitum 
 praefectus.Hirt. (The singular is some- 
 times used in the collective sense : that 
 c. lias then by far the best in Greece, is 
 longe turn oplimus eques in Graecia tuit, 
 Liv. : Curt.) 3. copiae fquestres: 
 
 Cic: Curt. 4. ala (sometimes used 
 of the cavalry in a Roman amiy, as 
 being placed in the wings): v. Diet. 
 Ant. s. V. Phr.: to convert infantry 
 into c, legionem ad equum rescribere, 
 Caes. : to serve in the c, equo merere, 
 Cic: a plmn uell adapted for the 
 manoeuvres of c, planities equitabilis 
 (= equitatul apta), Curt. 
 
 cavalry (odj.): equestris, tre: a c. 
 battle, proelium eq., Caes.; eq. pugna, 
 Cic. : e. iceapons, eq. arma, Liv. Phr.: 
 a c. regiment, equitum cohors. 
 
 cave, cavern: 1. spgcus, ns.m. 
 
 and «. (Gr. o-jre'os: esp. used of caves 
 excavated in rocks) : Virg. . Hor. : Liv. 
 2, spelunca (i. q. specus) : ac. of 
 inflnite depth, s. Intjnita altitudine. Cic: 
 Virg. 3. antrum (esp. in the poets; 
 and usu. of a pleasant place : v. grotto); 
 a c. in the woods, a. nemorale, Ov. : an 
 ice-cold c, gelidum a., Ov. : Virg. : Hor. 
 
 4. caverna : v. cavity, hole. 5. 
 cavum : v. hollow. (See Habicht, 
 Syn. } 864). 
 
 cavernous: cavernosus: Plin. (or 
 by circuml., cavemis abundans, etc.). 
 
 caviare : ova acipenseris garo con- 
 diU (?). 
 
 cavil (i'O ■ 1. calumnior, i (prop. 
 to accuse falsely : hence, to blame with- 
 out reason) : this man seems know- 
 ingly to mock and to c, is ludlQcari ac 
 c sciens videtur, Cic. : Quint. 2. c5- 
 villor, I (to censure mockingly, jest- 
 ingly) : to c. at the words of the sena- 
 tors, verba patrum c, Tac: to c. at the 
 tribunes, tribunos c, Liv. 3. carpo 
 i: V. to carp at. 
 
 cavil (-'"bs.) .- argutlola: Gell. 
 
 caviller: 1. auceps syllabarum 
 (one who catches at every syllable): 
 Cic 2. cavillator : PI. : Sen. 
 
 cavity : 1. cavema ; the c.s of the 
 
 earth, c. teiTae, Cic. : to have cs in place 
 
 of ears, c habere amium loco, J'lin. 
 
 bimin. : caverniila, a small c. : Plin. 
 
 2. cavea (rarely) : Plin. 3. spe- 
 
 ' ens, spelunca: v. cavebn.
 
 CAW 
 
 CEM KNT 
 
 P*?? o -h ™"'"»^ ' (V- rare) : 
 '^erg. 2 crodo, 4 ; and crScIto. i • P| 
 Cawrng (subs.) .• crocatio : Fest 
 cease : |. ro desist, leai-e ofT 
 
 f (""•>;«/•)•• / ^Aa;/ c. to love you te 
 amare deslnam. P|. : c. / pray you 
 
 m^^^T"^^'^- "««'"«• q"aeso. con,-' 
 munibus Iwls. CIc : to c. from com. 
 ^tau, .s querelarum d. (poet. Re,,. : L. G. 
 9 284 ). Hor. «^ old speeches have c.d to 
 ^rewi In, most people, veieres oratione« 
 a plerisque leg. .sunt desltae, Cic. 2 
 
 iTlnnU^'f- ""'"""'• J ^"■'*"- '" sense 
 of to a6a«<ton, with ace. : less freq. ^vith 
 «^n.) : c. to 6« angry, oniitte iratus 
 
 CiC: Hor. 3. remitto. j (constr 
 
 Mine as omit to): ,/ you ue,e to re/leci 
 you'^ould at once c\o load metith 
 tntults SI cogite.s, remlttas Jam me oner- 
 ar«i,gurlls. Ter..Sall. 4. mitto J 
 (chiefly poet.): v. to forbear. >i 
 
 IJln^ "■ r °^'!*'- 6. intemiitto: 
 Ut« cease /.jt a <.,;w) .. v. to intermit. 
 »;n r. : Caesar begs him to c. entreating 
 
 ^^ff/T' '*"'"" "^""''l facial, Caes^; 
 Jpollohad c.d spealcing. finlerat Paean 
 
 UV. : V. TO DESIST, LEAV E OFF. 11 To 
 
 come to an end: 1, desino, j ■ Me 
 showers had c.d. d.sierant Imbres, Ov 
 let a„ger c. deslnat ira. Ov. : in nass 
 Impers. : num have long ago c.d to araue 
 
 T::1"JT J"'" P^'/ni^contra eosC 
 situni est di.spuiuri, Cic. o finin .. 
 
 stood , of speakers) : v. to end. 9 
 
 ^ rftens^. '," ^h'" ""^ "«'"S .he pl^I 
 peri tense ; to mdicate the ceasinc of a 
 epaker: as, Faunus c.d. dl.verat haec 
 f^aunus, Ov. F. ,. ,',9: of. id M.,/ 
 ?,Ji. *• ""iqi'iesco, evi, etum j 
 (to b^vme quiet, stilt): the voyaging' of 
 V;^chants C.S. navigatio mercatorul Z 
 
 oil'. ^''^l^Y^"'"-^' '■ebris conqulevit. 
 ^'8. 5. Interquiesco, j (to c fo>- a 
 Unui): the pain has c.djol i timefZlor 
 Inlerqulev.t.Sen.: Plin. ft conS 
 
 the toil o/Jfn-ensic business had cd for- 
 
 ensium rerum labor constiterat," Cic 
 
 7. subslsto, J (to stop a while ■ 
 
 nv''-*Aw ''"'"''"S c.d. substitit clamor; 
 
 f/. y';,^u'°'- 8. concido, cidi, }■ 
 
 (to fall like a wind subsiding) : all his 
 hauffhtrness c.d, omnis fe.ocia concidit! 
 Ph;'' 'T^:^"'^,' '^°"<^''"f ''ellum, lac 
 ucult, Uv. : CIc. : hatred vhiclt has now 
 
 CENT 
 
 _ , ,' — ■■ — — • "UKcu vnicit nas now 
 cdfrom length of time, e.xole.um iam 
 vetustate odium, tiv. N.B. -.Voj cess^ 
 which is to loiter, flag : q. v. ' 
 
 ceaseless: perpetuus; assiduus- v 
 perpetlal. constant. 
 
 ceaselessly: perpgtuo: assldue- v 
 
 INCESSANTLV, PERFETUALLV. ' ' 
 
 cedar {subs.): cedrus, i, f- v\i„ . 
 ^;"'?f'^<l";Ja^Col.: Plin.:-;/;e6";^y 
 of the c, cedns. idis, /.: Pim • c oil 
 
 Pers.). Adj. of cedar, cedar: (n ce- 
 dreus: Vltr. (2) cedrinus: Plin ^^ 
 cede : decedo, j (with ofti.) .- v. to 
 
 STRRKNDEK, GIVEW.viEI.n 
 
 o v*1^^5?",r ^- ^*"'^'"'° (also ro«/, 
 q. V.) marlU «, mamiorea t. ri< • 
 panelled c.s. t. laqueaUi, Bur. 9 lie' 
 unar arls, n. (apan€(M c.) : Cic. Hor 
 3, laquear, aris. n. (usu. p/u • j n' 
 lacunar): Virg.: Plin. ^ 4 camgrl 
 {an arched or vaulted c.) : Cic • Vk" 
 celandine : chgiidonia major • piin 
 
 pm''A?.^" = , -•• '■» P''f>l'sl the 
 P'aists uj : I cano, cMni, cantum 
 J (of verse or sons): he cd Bacchus' 
 L^t^rum canebat. Hor. : to. c. /cfn^sand 
 battUs, reges et proelia c, Virg 9 
 concino. , (of choral songs) : to c iovful 
 days,ncho,al songs, iaefoi ZtHlor 
 
 t?^ »«-se, v,mm aut heroa lyra " 
 Hor. 6. concelgbro, , (rare) ft ^' 
 
 ^'*<f"^*'"'' '^■'y- B'-nlum c Tib. 6 
 
 praedico, i: v. to proclaim, boast of 
 
 7. -sono, ui, Itum. 1 (poet i • our 
 
 ^ poems shall c. you, te carn^a nos^a 
 
 har^T' H^^v/" "^ '■" "^ ''-"/'"^ 
 .,2?' 'oendaci lyra sonari. Hor. II 
 
 a solrmn manner: J. celSbro, i: to 
 
 c. holidays, fe8U)s dies c. Cic. ■ to c a 
 
 , namage, nuptlas a. Llv. : to c' a 
 
 [J""f"l. exsequias c. Llv. g con- 
 
 verlr-, ' '™[5^ ""■""B*'- than sin.ple 
 J^erb) : to c. a birthday, diem natalem c. 
 ri. : to c. a funeral, funus c, Liv "J 
 frgqnento, i (implying numerous at 
 tendance): «a< is public which a whole 
 community c.s. publicum est quod clvl- 
 tiisunlversafrequentat, Cic.Ov Phr 
 to c. as a holiday, diem festum habere 
 ilnfi' ^<^- ''"«■"« smjice. publica sacra 
 conficere or curare. Cic. (or sacris ... .livi- 
 nis rebus interesse: v. to take part 
 'N; : v. TO solemnize, keep 
 celebrated: 1. ceieber, bris. 
 
 bre: Da^lalus very c. for his skill in 
 construetw art. Daedalus Ingenio fabrae 
 celeberrlmus artis. Ov. : a name c. v-ith 
 
 praise, nomen celebre laudibus. Liv 
 2. nobilis, e: a very c. pair of 
 
 gladiators, gladiatorum par nSbilissJ. 
 
 mum Oc : c<«;m<A c. for its bimze. n. 
 
 aereCor,nthus,Ov. P h r. : «A,, ^„' ,-, 
 
 ^ery c , bic m maxima gloria est, Cic. 
 
 he has become very c. for his most faith- 
 Jul obsen-ance of friendship, ob amicl- 
 
 t.am summa fide servatam maximam 
 
 will ma/.e your greatness c, illustrabit 
 tuam amplitudinem hominum injuria 
 
 UC : V. FAMOUS, ILLUSTRIOUS. BISTIN. 
 UUISHED. """ic 
 
 .«^®'?'""**i°^ • '• ^ ^"Wic prais- 
 tng (usu. best expr. by part of verb- 
 
 I'f At ^ ^<^Jefor the c. of the praises 
 of the gods, "nata ad laudes dwrum 
 canendas lestudo : v. to celebrate) v 
 
 "■■^'f- -,.k'-'-. ^ '"'^'^ observance': 
 
 1. cel?bratio: the c. of games c 
 
 l"dornm,Cic. 2, c«lfibritas (rare) %,« 
 
 <•• of a Juneral, supreml diei c Ctc 
 
 ^-.2-r.%{)^'- "' '"'•■ " '° *^^- 
 celebrity: 1. celebntas: the 
 
 caicse of c. and renown, causa celebrita- 
 tis et Dominis. Cic. 2. claritas, cla- 
 ritudo : v. glory, renown. 
 
 celerity : ceientas : v. quicknes."! 
 
 RAPIDITV. vnatBs, 
 
 celery : 1. hgleoselinum : Plin 
 2, apium (m'Wc); Plin.: VHrg 
 
 celestial: 1. ooelestis, e- the c 
 regions, c plagae, Ov. : c. strength, vis 
 c, Cic. : Me c. bow, 1. e. the rainbow c 
 arcus.Plin.: T. heavenly. 2 coele^ 
 Itis (poet) : he had been driven from the 
 c. regions by Jove, coelitibus recnis a 
 Jove PULSUS erat, Ov. : esp. in vl as 
 subs.: coelites, the heavenly being! ■ Ov 
 3. divinus: v. divine 
 
 Snef ^^^^S'' '■ , \ <^elibatus, us : Sen. : 
 suet. 2, caelebsvita: Hor. 
 
 cell : I A small apartment or 
 
 tln"^ : 1. area (v. rare) : the slaves 
 are thrmm into cells that no one may be 
 able to conime with them, servi in areas 
 conjicnintur ne quis cum iis colloqui 
 possit,Cic. 2. cella: I will shut my. 
 {.{''P '"""»« <=■■ «»• in c. aliquam con 
 <^'",''am, Ter. : the c.s 0/ s/ares, servorum 
 cellae. Cic. ||. a small ck,nly e.p 
 m ahor,ey.ccmb : 1. cella: Virg.' 
 
 2. Rinis; Virg. ° 
 
 cellar: 1. cella (prop a store 
 Closet): a wine c, c. vinaria. Pi • Cic 
 Vitr ''^T^'Kaeum {underground c.) • 
 
 r.an 1*^-?^;? '■ '• ''^^'=* occupied by 
 ce«u «: Vellarum spatium. || Jign/ 
 J or the use of cellars, •merces cellar™, 
 
 cellarer: 1. ceiiarius: Pi ■ Coj 
 
 2. promus : Pi. : Col. 
 telfc^M^lJ '*"**'"*'*• «= <=■ «'>^««. 
 cellule (anat. 1. 1.) : cellQla • M L 
 cement {subs.) .- J ferrumen 
 
 ^o^gli stones are put together without c'. 
 sine f. caemenia eomponuntur, Plin 
 4. maltha (composed of time, lard, 
 
 |Gru/^?lrthe"fi" '• "°"^*«. aOLDE^ 
 glle. hor the fig. sign., v. bond. 
 
 cement {v.): 
 
 "- '■• Fii 
 
 Vltr.: PllL. Kig 
 
 1, conglutiiio, 1 
 
 -^tia.-^ac:-|%^^'>*: 
 
 PMn. . V. TO glue, solder. For fig 
 
 sign.. V. TO TONFIRM. STRENGTHEN 
 
 ^.cementing (subt.): congiatinatio. 
 cemetery : 1. sepuicrgtum : Cai 
 
 Tert.^- ^'"^'«^'"« (G'-- 'Oi^nr^p.o.) ': 
 ^ cenobite, coenObita, ae, m. .- Hier. 
 
 cenotaph: l tumDIas Inanl, 
 o /k ''"""'arias tfiniulug: Suet 
 3. cc-nfttaphluni : Ulp. 
 ^.censer : taribuium (thur.) : Cic. 
 
 censor : |. a Roman magistrate ■ 
 1. censor : the c.s shall hold office 
 f^'T Jn-e years, e. magistrutum aui^ 
 quennlum habento. Vet. l>-g Td O^ 
 I^'v. Phr.: the lists mjfe%uh?ih, 
 c., ceiisoriae tabulae, Clc: a man who 
 had been c, eensorius homo, cTc 2 
 niagister morum : Clc. 1 (>;<, J^ 
 bhmes: V. CE.NSUR1.R. liV- TLbUc 
 f^ appointed to exam.>ie'L4.S ' 
 «fc. freyore tliey are publislied ^ Z,- 
 in ■ '^'"'"'^ fabularumve^,^;. 
 
 prea^'nir^^*'''"'''''*-"''"'-^- 
 censoriousness : *animusadvitnDe 
 
 rreEnSr''^"''"^^-^'"'''-- 
 censorship : |. The office of the 
 
 Roman c.ns.jrs: I. eensOra: Cic 
 
 .. ^: '"agistgrinm morum: Cic 
 
 lit J}; ^''t"P"^ "■f "« ««P«wor 01 
 literature, •literarum censura 
 
 censurable: 1. rgprehensTonf 
 Id,gnus:vuin,. 2. rgpreLndendaf 
 
 ««!•. 3. culpandus: V. blamable. 
 
 censurably (rare): ita ut culpam 
 aliquls mereatur , v. blamably ^ 
 
 censure (subf.) : vltupgratlo- I had 
 escaped tu-o very great c's, dui^ ma^x - 
 mas V. efTugeram, Cic. : v. blame 
 
 s„m®°,^V® '•"■^ir 1- ^Imadverto. ti. 
 sum J : to c. offences, peccata an.. Cic 
 /« ^- P«';s.":'ngo, nxi, ctum. j (prop 
 toivound shghtly) : to c. indirJtly.Zl 
 quein p. oblique. Tac: to c. with gentl 
 words, lenibus verbis p.. Tac ■ Clc 9 
 fn'aZi:,^ (=Perstri„go) • to c. anyle 
 
 mine d O^v-^h' "J"''"^'" mordacl car- 
 mine d.. Ov. : Phaedr. 4 exiiritn . 
 
 (Of r^<«i attacks upon a tiiingr L" 
 have been found to c. and dJiAseth'< 
 practice of oiatory, Inventl sC qu 
 banc dicendi exercitatlonem e.xagitarent 
 atque contemnerent. Cic. 5 nftto 1 
 (prop, said 01 some auiliority. iiid wi'ih 
 permanent results): the senaU cd the 
 tln„g. not the man, s.na.us rem uon 
 hommen, notavit. Qe. : this toiy: deserves 
 to be c.d, hie amor est dignus noiari. Hor 
 b. vilupero. I : y„u deseire to be 
 Cd on many accounts, multis modis es 
 Mtuperandus, Ter. : to c. phUosovhy 
 philosophium v.. Cic: v. to hlame 
 
 Censurer : l. censor : the re- 
 
 prover and c. of the young, ca^tlgator r 
 que minorum, Hor.: Cic 2^xagl. 
 talor: Cie. 3. viiupgrator: Clc 
 
 census: |. in the Koman sense- 
 census, us. to hold the c. c. habere Cic • 
 c. agere. Suet.; c. facere. (;ell.: to ex'- 
 elude from the c. i. e. to deprive of the 
 franclnse. censu prohibere. Cic-. : censu 
 exeludere. Liv. hr.theciiZT^r, 
 throughout S.cly every f.fth year, quin.o 
 quoque anno Sicilia tola censeiur Cic 
 II. In the modem sense it niav 
 per^haps be expressed by civlnm enumer. 
 
 cent: Phr.: there is plenti/ of 
 money at 6 per c. semis.slbus magi.a eft 
 copia pecuniae. Clc. : U ,Hn- c ^ an- 
 n"m.centesimae usurae. Clc. : inte^Zt 
 ^oL-^t- '■"'«"•« "surae. Paul. Dig.: 
 eight per c, uncia, Scaev. : interest of S 
 
 "i
 
 C K N T A U K 
 
 CERTAINLY 
 
 CHAFE 
 
 per c, ffnus unciarium, Liv. : Tac. : v. 
 
 INTKREST. 
 
 centaur : 1. centauros : Ov. 
 Also as the name of a constellation • 
 Cic. : Manil. 2. bimenibris: Virg. 
 
 centaury (a plant): 1. centau- 
 reum : Virg. : Plin. 2. ffl terrae : 
 Plin. 
 
 centenary (subs.) .- centgnanns nii- 
 merus: Varr. 
 
 centenary (fldj-) ■ centenarius : 
 Varr.: Plin. 
 
 centennial ; quod per centenos an- 
 nos, or centesimo quoque anno, fit. 
 
 centipede ; centipeda : Piin. 
 
 cento : cento, onis, ni. : Aus. : Isid. 
 
 central : 1. m^dius ■ o c. place, 
 m. locus, Uic. : Caes. : v. centbk. 2. 
 centralis, e (late) : a c. land, c. terra, Plin. 
 
 centralization : expr by verb : as, 
 c. IS an evil, *minime omnia ad sum- 
 mum imperium referenda sunt: v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 centralize: Phr. -. to c govern- 
 ment, rerum administrationem ad ununi 
 vel ad paucos deferre : or omnia ad 
 onum deferre, Cic. Manil. 2j, 67. 
 
 centrally: Phr.; o house c. situ- 
 ated, *domus opportune ad niediam ur- 
 bem sita ; omnibus opponunitatlbus 
 urbis commode vicina. 
 
 centre (subs.) .- l. centrum (ma- 
 them. c. of a circle or sphere) : the c.s of 
 the sun and earth, solis terraeque centra, 
 Plin. : c. 0/ gravity, c. gravitatis, 
 M. L. 2. medius (an adj. in agree- 
 ment with the substantive correspond- 
 ing to the governed subst. in Knglish) : 
 the earth is situated in the o-ntre of the 
 universe, terra in medio mundo sitii est, 
 Cic: the c. of the universe, m. mundi 
 locus, Cic. : the auxiliaries were placed 
 together in the c. of the line, auxilia in 
 mediam aciem coiijecta sunt, Caes. : to 
 have the charge of the c, m. aciem lueri, 
 Liv. (But we often find simply medium 
 In oblique cast-s only : ao, the lAgu- 
 rians were posted in the c, Ligures in 
 medio poslti, Liv. : to station cavalry in 
 the c.equites in medium accipere, Liv.). 
 Phr.: he himself takes up his post in 
 the centre (by the eagle), ipse prope 
 aquilam assisiit. Sail. C. 59 : the c. of 
 public anxiety, caput publicarum cii- 
 rarum, Liv. 
 
 centre ('«■) •■ fig- to turn upon, be 
 engaged about : 1, contineor, 2: i.e. 
 
 TO BE BOUND Ul" WITH. 2. SitUm 
 
 esse (also in puss, sense) : the tuliole of 
 morality c.s in the p-rformavce of duty. 
 In officio colendo sita vitae est honestas 
 omnis, Cic: v. to lie. 3. nllor, nisus, 
 and nixus, j (lit. to lean upon): v. to 
 DEPEND. Phr.: my whole ivishes c. 
 here,*in hac re versatur omnis voluntas 
 mea : all their anxieties are c.d on the 
 safety of the state, oranes suas curas in 
 reipublicae salute defigunt, Cic: v. to 
 
 BEST UPON. 
 
 centrifugal: Phr.: c. force, *\is 
 centrifuga (as sclent, t. t.) : or by cir- 
 cuml., vis (s. momentum) eaqua aliquid 
 a medio depellitur. 
 
 centripetal: Phr.: c. fore, vis 
 ea qua aliquid medium locuru expetit • 
 cf. Cic. .V. I). 2,4;. 
 
 centurion: 1. centurio: c. of 
 
 the first p'lus (i. e. the foremoat in 
 rank), c. priinipili or c. primipilus, 
 Caes.: Liv. (also pnniipilaris: Suet.): 
 the iifflre of c, centuriatu.^, us, Cic. 2. 
 ordo, Tnis, m.: to a^snuhle Ihf tribune's 
 and the highest c s, tribunos militum or- 
 dinesque primos toi ivm are, Caes. : I'ac. 
 (N.B. The full expr. is ordinis ductur; 
 the century iiself being called onln: v. 
 Dii^t. Am. p. 504 6.). I' li r. : to deijrwU 
 from the a lice of c, ordinein adiniere, 
 Tac. : to restore it, urd rcdd'-re, Tac H. 
 1,52: ac.'s uaud.oi txidgeofo'l'ce, vitis, 
 is, f. : Ov. : Tac. (this word is sometimes 
 employed to denote Me <;.'5o'/ice: Juv.). 
 
 century: I. -*1 hundred: centurla. 
 
 Col. : to divide into c.s, ccntiiilare, Hyg. 
 
 II, A political di vision of the Hitman 
 
 people ; al>o, a stb livision of the legion .- 
 
 1, ceniuria: Liv.. Cic: io divide 
 
 into c.s, ceiitiiriaii', Cic: Liv.: by c.s, 
 
 114 
 
 centflriiatim, Caes. • Cic. 2. ordo, Inis, 
 m.. : Caes. Cic. |||. A hundred years : 
 1, saecillum : Cic. : Hor. 2. spa- 
 tium annorum centum : Varr. : Liv. 
 9. J4- 
 
 cerate : ceratum : Cels. : Plin. 
 
 cerebellum : cerebellum : Cels. : 
 Plin. (though not in the modem anato- 
 mical sense ; but^parvum cerebrum). 
 
 cere-cloth, cerement : *iinteum 
 ceratum: v. grave-clothes. 
 
 ceremonial ("(0 ) •■ caerimonialis, 
 e. Amub. : v. formal. 
 
 ceremonial (subs.) .- i. e. a collection 
 of ceremonies : ritus (in pi.) : v. cere- 
 mony. 
 
 ceremonially : 1. rite : Cic. : 
 
 Hor. 2. soUennJter: Liv.: Just. 
 
 ceremonious : I. Attmded with 
 
 due ceremony : soUennis, e (or soleiinis, 
 -emnis) : c. banquets, s. epulae, Cic. : 
 Hor. II, Excessively attentive to cere- 
 mony or forms : perh. officii putide stu- 
 diosus atque molestus : v. formal. 
 
 ceremoniously : I. with due 
 
 ceremony: soUenniier: Liv.: Just. ||. 
 With excessive attention to fonns : *mo- 
 lesto quodam officio atque urbanitate. 
 ceremoniousness : (?) nimia ac 
 
 molesta urban! tas. 
 
 ceremony : I. -'l solemn observ- 
 ance : 1, caeriraonia : the c.s of 
 tombs, c. sepulcrorum, Cic: new c.s, 
 novae c, lac. : foreign c.s, c extemae. 
 Suet. 2. officium (of c.s showing 
 polite or respectful attention) ■ 1 was 
 present at the c. of assuming the manly 
 gown, officio togae virilis interfui, Plin. : 
 he ivas not present at the c.s of his 
 mother's funeral, supremis in matrera 
 officiis deerat, Tac : at the c. of the 
 levee, in officio salutalionis. Suet. 3. 
 rllus, iis (esp. a religious c.) : the custom 
 and c. of the primitive religion, mos 
 ritusque priscie religionis. Suet. : o 
 magic c, magicus ritus, Ov. Phr.: 
 master of the c.s, designator: it was the 
 business of this officer to assign people 
 their places in the theatre, etc. : the 
 title, designator CaesarisAugusti (master 
 of c.s to the enipn-or), is found in an 
 Jnscr : v. Forcell. s. v. ||, I'omp, 
 display : 1. apparatus, Qs : Hor. : 
 Cic. 2. caeriiiiouia: to celebrate pub- 
 lic games with very great c, ludos maxi- 
 ma cum c. facerc, Cic. 
 
 certain : I. Undoubted, sure (ob- 
 jective): 1. certus : a more c. fact, 
 certior res, Liv. : to consider as c. cer- 
 tum habere or, pro certo habere, Cic. : 
 v. also UNFAILING. 2. exploratus 
 
 (of the future): a c. victory, ex. vic- 
 toria, Caes. : who is so foolish as to 
 thing it c. he will live till evening r 
 quis est tam stuitus, cui sit exploratum 
 se ad vesperum esse victurum ? Cic. 
 3. ratus : v. fixed. Phr.: to 
 know for c, certo (l>etter than certe) 
 scire, Cic ; Ter. : also, manu s. manlbus 
 tenere (cf. manifestus; manus, fero) ; 
 compertum habere. Sail, (stronger than 
 comperisse) : it is c, constat, stitit. i : v. 
 AGREED ON. ||, tonvinctd, believing 
 firmly (subjective): certus (rare): are 
 yon any more c. noir ? numquid nunc es 
 certior? PI.: to be c. about anything, Ae 
 aliqua re c esse. Suet. ■ Gell. (but pro- 
 bably not in Cic : cf supr I.). |||. 
 /'articular, but undeliiied: 1, qui- 
 d im, quaedam. quoddam : a c. sulditr, 
 quid.im ex miliiibus, Caes. : atac. time, 
 qu.idam tempore, Cic. : c. if these vent 
 to the .Vervii, quidam ex his ad Nervios 
 pervenerunt, Caes. 2. certus (more 
 
 deHnite tlian quid.im ; ami implying that 
 the speaker could mention names if dis- 
 posed to do so) : he has c. pei>ons in his 
 interest, habet certos sui suidiosos. Cic. : 
 bound hy c. Ian s of ,'!p'aki)ig, ad certas 
 quasdam dicendi leges alligatus, yuint. 
 certainly: I. Cndoubtedly, .un-li/ : 
 1. certe : if it will c. happen, there 
 is no chance, si c eveniet nulla fortuna 
 est, Cic. : I'er. 2. certo (=:for cer- 
 tain : cf. OF.RTAIN, I. Phr.) mil name is c. 
 Sosia, mihi certo nomen Sosia'st, PI. : to 
 expect nothing so as if it iroufd c. happen, 
 nihil it;i e.xpectare quasi certo futurum, 
 
 Cic. 3. profecto: v. assuredly. ||. 
 In replies, to denote emphatic assent. 
 
 1. sane : do you wish to be advised T 
 c. I do, te moneri numne vis ? sane volo, 
 PL: Ter. 2. vero: you have often, I 
 think, been in the schools of thephilosO' 
 phers f — C. and with great pleasure too, 
 fuisti saepe, credo, in scholis philoso- 
 phorum ? — Vero, ac libenter quidem, Cic. : 
 esp. after a pronoun : as, / asfe whether 
 he in that acted unjustly f—V.he did, he 
 replies, quaero num id injuste fecerit? — 
 llle %-ero, Cic. : N'ep. 3. (Still stronger 
 than the preceding) : enimvero : Do you 
 really say so f — Most c. I do, ain' vero ? 
 — aio enimvero, PI. : v. vemly. 4. 
 certe (=sane) : do you say so f — C. I do, 
 ain' tu vero ? c inquam, PI. : Cic. 5. 
 quippe (usu. ironically): uould youthen 
 cmrectly say that you had restored the 
 state? — C, recte igitur diceres te rem- 
 publicam restituisse ? — yuippe, Cic. : 
 Virg. : V. OF COURSE. Ill, To denote 
 a concession, foil, by a qualification ; 
 
 1, quidem, equidem (the latter usu. 
 with first person sing.): t. indeed. 
 
 2. etiam (only In dialogue) : Zeno 
 thinks that a happy life consists in vir- 
 tue alone. What says Antiochus? — ('. 
 a happy life, he says, does, bat not the 
 most happy, Zeno in una virtute positam 
 beatam vitam putat. yuid Antiochus ? — 
 Etiam, inquit, beatam, sed non beattssi- 
 mam, Cic. 
 
 certainty : I. Abstract : expr. 
 by adj. : as, the question is not respect- 
 ing the c. of these things, *non quaer- 
 itur num haec certa sint: to attain to 
 c, compertum aliquid habere ; penitus 
 exploratum habere : v. certain (1) : to 
 reduce anything to c, aliquid ad llqui- 
 dum redigere. Sen. ; veritatem ad liqui- 
 dum explorare, Liv. : the c. of punish- 
 ment is more efficacious than its severity, 
 •quo certior, non quo gravior poena est, 
 eo plus valet. ||, Concrete; = a cer- 
 tain thing: res certa; or in pL certa 
 (neut.) : V. certain. 
 
 certificate: *testlm6nlum scriptum 
 s. per tabu las factum. Phr.: a c. of 
 proficiency, (?) laudatio (used in Cic. of 
 the certificates to character read in 
 court) : a bankrupt's c, (?) tabulae 
 novae legitimae (the term employed to 
 denote a general release from debts being 
 tab. novae). 
 
 certi& : I. ^o attest in writing, 
 etc., rgcognosco, noci.niuiin, j : ull these 
 thi7igs have been c.'d and compared with 
 the greatest care, haec omnia summa cura 
 recognita et collata sunt, Cic Verr. 2, 2, 
 77, iQO: toe. a decree, decretum r., Cic 
 II. To inform : q. v. 
 
 cerulean : caeruleus : Caes. : Virg. : 
 
 V. BLUE. 
 
 cerumen: sordes (-ium) aurium: 
 Cic. 
 
 ceruse: cerussa: Ov.: Plin. 
 
 cessation: 1. quies, etis. /. .- 
 
 there uas a c. of the conflicts, q. certa- 
 minum erat, Liv.: v. best, respitk. 
 
 2, intermissio (a leaving off. /or a 
 time) : Cic. : Liv. : v. intermission. 
 
 3. cessatio (esp. of the inactivity of 
 an imiolent per>un) : Cic. ; a c. from 
 arms by agreement, c. piignae pacticia, 
 Gell. 4. Lxpr. by verb: as, tliere 
 was no c. from the liu^inrss of pn-paring 
 works, ab apparatu operum nihil cessa- 
 tuni, Liv.: that theie might be no c. 
 flam II ork during any qi the time, ne 
 quod omninotempusabopereintermitte- 
 retur, Caes. : v. breathing-time. 
 
 cession : expr. by verb : as, they 
 stipulated for tlie cession of Asia as far 
 as Taurus, pepigerunt ut Asia omni 
 quae cis montem I'auruni esset deced- 
 eret; ut cis T. nioniem possessione 
 Asiae cederet (Antiochus): cl. Liv. }•]. 
 ?6. 4;. N.B.— Cessio is used only in 
 civil jurisprudence; of cession of pro- 
 perty. 
 
 CestUS : cestus : Mart. 
 
 cetaceous : cetosus ; Avien. 
 
 ceterach; 1. asplenum: Plin. 
 
 2. splcnium : I'lin. 
 
 chafe : I. jfo narm by rubbirQ ■ 
 agitando fovere. calefacere: cf. Liv. 21 
 
 I
 
 CHAFER 
 
 CHANCE 
 
 CH AKGE 
 
 59 (Ji».) : •fricando calorem ciere, injtc- 
 ere. (Not coiitero or attero, which 
 ".mply bruising or abrasion.) ||, To 
 excoriate: attgro: v. to gall. |||, 
 7b irritate (q. v.) : irritx), stomachum 
 allcui m6veo, etx:. |V. 1 n t r. : to be 
 impatient and angry : 1. stOmachor, 
 I : to c. and be vexed, s. et moleste fcrre, 
 Cic. : V. TO BE ANOBV. 2. aegre. mol- 
 este fere, piitior : v. TO BE impatient, 
 
 VEXED. 
 
 chafer, scirabeus (-baeus) : Plin.: 
 
 V. BEF.TLE. 
 
 chaff: I. The husk of com : \, 
 palfia (as collect, used in both sing, and 
 pi. : the latter more freq.) : Virg. : Ck)l. 
 2. acus, 6ris, n. (also in pi. aceres, 
 fern. : Col.) : to strew c. in hen-roosts, in 
 cubilibus (galliiianini) acus substeniere, 
 Varr. : Cato : Col. ||, Anything 
 
 worthlfss : quisquiliaf : v. rubbish. 
 
 chaffer («•) •• de pretio anibiKCre. 
 
 chafferer : qui de pretio ambi^lL 
 
 Chattinch: friiiRilla (.>) : Varr. .- 
 Mart. (Iringilla coeli-bs: Linn.). 
 
 chaf&: ac6r6sus: Lucil. 
 
 chafing (of tlie skin) : 1. inter- 
 trigo, Iiiis./. : Varr. : Plin. 2. Intrigo, 
 Inis,/. ; Varr. 
 
 chafing-dish : 1. focuius : Pi. : 
 
 Liv. 2. batillum (aJso a fire-shovel): 
 Hor. 
 
 chagrin (subs.) .- stOmachus ! lest 
 they sluiuld vent their c. upon me, ne in 
 ine s. erumpant, Cic. : to excite laughter 
 rather than c, risum niagis quam s. mo v- 
 •re, Cic. : to cause any one c, s. alicui 
 r;icere, Cic: Hor.: v. vexation, ill- 
 
 111 MOL'tt. 
 
 chagrin ("■) •• stomachum alicui mov- 
 ere : v. to vex. 
 
 chain (subs.) ■ |. L 1 1. : of 
 
 metal : 1. catena (rarely if ever used 
 of a chain worn for ornament) : to put 
 anyone in c.s, aliquem in catenas con- 
 Jicere, C^es. (= injicere c. alicui, Cic): 
 the links of a c, catenae anuli, Plin. 
 (also used fig. : v. inf. fin.). Dimin. 
 citeniila (rare), catella, a small c; e.*p. 
 used for adornment : Hor. : Liv. (who 
 use catella). 2. vinculum: a Ixmd 
 of any kind : q. v. 3. torques, is, m. 
 and /. (only for personal adornment, 
 anil mostly worn by barbarians) : a 
 gold c, t. aureus, Liv. • Hor. ||, By 
 melon. ; bondage (q. v.) vincula, ser- 
 vitus. Phr. ; the cs of slavery, servile 
 jugum, Cic: V. yoke". |||. A series 
 or succession of anything : series, ei,/. ; 
 a c. of guards, s. custodiaruni. Suet. : 
 a c. of causes, s. causarum. Cic. Phr.: 
 a c. of mountains, monies continui, 
 Hor. (who, however, uses the e.\pr. to 
 denote an unbroken range of hills : Kp. 
 I, i6, ;): or perhaps, nmntium jiiRa 
 perpetua inter se conne.\a: a c. of 
 things, res inter se aptae coUigataeque, 
 Cic. : fate is an eternal and unalter- 
 able succession and c. of things, fatiiin 
 est sempiterna quaedara et indeclin- 
 abilis series rerum et catena, Gell. 6, 2 
 {init.). 
 
 chain ('■•)•■ catenis constringSre, 
 honiini catenas injicere, Cic. : v. to 
 
 BIND. 
 
 chained : 1. calenfltus : a c. 
 
 <J«oj-/i<v^r, c. Janitor, (Iv. : Hor. 2. 
 catenarius ; a c. dog, c. canis, .Sen. 
 
 chair (subs.) : \, a seat : 1, 
 sella: vhy don't you give him a c./ 
 datin' istl s. ? PI. : a curufe c. (a port- 
 abli chair for the higher niasjistrates), 
 s. cnrulis, Cic. : Hor. : a seitan c, s. 
 gestaloria. Suet. : the back of a c, arcus 
 sellae, Tac. Phr.: the arm of a c, 
 ancon, onis, m. .- Coel. Aur. 2. cath- 
 edra (an easi/ couch-like chair): Hor.: 
 Juv. II, Theotlice of a public teaclLer 
 or officer: cathedra: Aus. Phr.: a 
 man who has pas.<:e'l the c, i. e. been 
 cliief ofTtcer or magistrate, vir censorius, 
 consularis, praetorius, etc., according to 
 the nature of the office held. 
 
 chair (»'•)•• *aliqnem sellae impos- 
 itiiiu humcris circumvectare. 
 
 chairman: |. -Hf; who presides at 
 any me.eting : magister, tri: the c. of a 
 company, ni. societati«, Cic. : the c.of a 
 
 feast, m. convivli, Varr. ||. ffve uho 
 carries a sedan : 1. lecticarius : Cic. : 
 Suet. 2. homo ad lecticam : Cat. 
 
 chaise: cislum (a light two-ivherled 
 vehicle.) : to ride to Rome in a c, Ro- 
 mam cisio advehi, Cic: to Jly along 
 in a c, cislo pervolare, Cic. . v. also 
 carriage. 
 
 chalcedony : achates chalceddnlus. 
 
 chalice : calix, icis, m. : Cic. : Juv. : 
 V. ( ri-. 
 
 chalk (subs.): creta: to mark with 
 c. (as lucky ; opp. to carbone nolare), 
 creta nutare, Hor. : Cic. Adj. : marked 
 with c, cretatus : bands marked with 
 c, fasciae c, Cic. : Juv. 
 
 chalk (v.): 1. creta nolare (to 
 mark nilh c.) : Hor. 2. Increto, i 
 (to whiten v-ith c.) : to c. the lace, fac- 
 iem in., Petr. 3. cretam s. creta 
 lUino: V. to bedaub. 
 
 chalk out: deslgno: v. TO Makk 
 
 OfT. 
 
 chalk-pit: cretif6dina: Ulp. 
 
 chalky : I. Abounding in c. : cre- 
 tobus : Ov. : Plin. ||. Hesembling c. : 
 cretacpus : Plin. 
 
 challenge (subs.) : |. a summons 
 to fight: provOcalio: Veil.: Plin. ||, 
 (legal t. t.) a fwmal objei.tion to a 
 juror : 1, rcjectio : the c. of jury- 
 men, judicum r., Cic 2. rgcusatio : 
 Cod. J, I, i6. 
 
 challenge C»') ■ I. I'o ««'' "po" 
 
 to fight or contend: 1. provSco, i 
 (with some defining word), to c. any 
 one, aliquem ad pugnam p., Cic: Liv.: 
 he cs me to a game, at dice, provocat me 
 in aleam, PI. : to c. any one to sing, 
 aliquem lantatum p., Ter. 2. lacesso, 
 
 J: V. TO provoke, TO CALL UPON. ||, 
 
 To object to a juror (leg. t. t.) : rejicio, 
 jeci, jeclum, }: the defendant c.d -j; 
 jurors out of 12;, ex C.K.K V. jiidicibus, 
 quinque et LKK. reus rejecit, Cic : 
 Plin. 
 
 challenger: provocator: Liv. Epit: 
 Just. 
 
 chalybeate (o^j) .• ferrflglneus : the 
 c. taste of a spring, f. sapor fontis. 
 Plin. 
 
 chamber : I. -Any room (q. v.) : 
 conclave, diaeta, etc. ||, A bed-room : 
 cabicttlum : Cic. : Liv. : v. bed-cham- 
 bee. Ill, Any inner space : *pars in- 
 terior : the c. of the eye, *pars oculi in- 
 terior: the c. of a cannon, *tormenti 
 pars interior. 
 
 chamberlain : ciibiciilarins • Cic. 
 Phr.: h igh or lord c. : 1. praepos- 
 itus cubiculo : Suet. 2. decurio 
 
 cnbiculariorum: Suet. 3. magister 
 admissionum : Anim. 
 
 chamber-maid : ancilla cnbicularia. 
 
 chamber-pot : 1. niatella . Mart. 
 2. matula : PI. : Petr. 
 
 chameleon : chamaeleon, onis, and 
 ontis, »i. : Plin.: Gell. 
 
 chamfer (y.) •• strio, l : Vitr. : Plin. 
 
 chamfer (subs.): stria: Vitr.: v. 
 
 CM XNNEI, (IL). 
 
 chamfering: striatura: Vitr. 
 
 chamois ; 1. ciipreOlu-s : Vlrg. : 
 Col. 2. rnpicapra: Plin. 
 
 chamomile: cliamaemelon : Plin. 
 
 champ (".) ■■ maiido, di, sum, } : the 
 horses c. the yelloir gold under their 
 teeth, equi fulvum m. sub dentibus 
 aurura. V^irg. I' h r. : the horse cs the 
 bit >i-ith his teeth, eqiius dente frena 
 preinit, Ov.: v. to bite. 
 
 champaign (<«y)-' campester: V. 
 
 FL.\T. 
 
 champaign (subs.): campus: V. 
 rL.vi.v. 
 champignon: boletus p.irvns: v. 
 
 MUS1IR0<1M. 
 
 champion; 1. proputmator: the 
 defender of his father's rights, and the 
 c, as it were, of his jxitrimrm'i, patemi 
 Juris defensor, et quasi p;itriiiionii p., 
 Cic 2. defensor: v. defender. 3. 
 dux, dilcis (applicable to the chief or 
 ringleader in any eaterprise) : vith 
 him (Kaeso) as their c, hoc duce, Liv. 
 J, II (nted.): v. CAPTAIX. 
 
 chance (subs.) : |. Accident, for- 
 tune : 1. casus, us: they commit 
 
 the matter to c, rem In casum ancipitia 
 eventuB commlttunt, Liv. : esp. In abl., 
 casu, fcj' chance : I menlioneti them, nut 
 designedly but by c, non cuiisulto sed 
 casu iu eorum mentionem incidi, Cic. • 
 whether by c. or by design, sive c sive 
 consilio, Caes. 2. fors, fortis,/. : ail. 
 forte (both of which, esp. forte, are aUo 
 used as adverbs : the ni/m. ntu-u has a 
 quasi-pers(^nal meaninp=fortuiia): c. i* 
 more inJtuetUial in some things than 
 reason, f. in aliquibus rebus plus quara 
 ratio potest, Cic. : nhat c. may Oiing 
 ne vnll bear irith resignation, quod f 
 feret feremus aequo aninio, Ter. : tu 
 happen by c, forte eveiiire, Ter.- Cir. 
 3. fortuna : v. FORTUNE. 4. 
 alea (strictly of gambling : q. v.): the 
 c. of war, a. belli, Liv.: there is c. in 
 
 j the selection of victims, a. hostiis d>-lig- 
 endis inest, Cic 5. tgmeritas (i. e. 
 
 I a reckless, random distribution of things: 
 rare): things in which no c. but order 
 appears, in quihus nulla L sed ordo ap- 
 parel, Cic. Phr.: it is not by c. that 
 the crow is now cawing on my right 
 hand, non leniere est quod corvus can- 
 lal mlhi nunc ab laeva manu, PL: 
 Virg.: nothing atmunds so muctt in cj 
 as the sea. nihil lam capax lortuitorum 
 quam mare, Tac- a c. customer, emptor 
 fortuitus: to take care of the main c, 
 rem servare, Hor. A. P. 529: rem fac- 
 ere, Hor. Kp. i, i, 65: pecuniara pri- 
 mum quaerere, ib. v. 5J. ||. Fro- 
 bability or prospect of success: spes, 
 
 spei,/: V. PROSPECT, HOPE. 
 
 chance ("•)■■ v. to happen, often 
 expr. by means of adv. forte, casu: as, 
 / c.d to be walking along the .Sacred 
 ifay, Ibam forte Via Sacra, Hor. 
 
 chancel: *cancellus: M. L. ■ v. fhi 
 Cange, s. v. : or, locus in ecclesia ad 
 aram cancellis septus. 
 
 chancellor: cancellarius: (^assiod.: 
 lord-c, regni or magni regni c. Poly. 
 Verg. : c. of the exchequer, (r) ISgisla, ae, 
 m. : Cod. .JusL (•cancellarius aerarii). 
 
 chancellorship: cancellarli mimus: 
 Poly. Verg. 
 
 chancery : *fanrellarii curia. 
 
 chandelier: candelabrum: Cic. 
 
 chandler : candelarum venditor, 
 propola. 
 
 change ("•)•■ A. Trans.: J. 
 To alter; either in wluile or part : 1. 
 muto, I : toe. one's dress (esp. of going 
 into mourning), vestitum m.. Cic. ; ves- 
 tiraenta m. (of an ordinary change of 
 raiment), .Suet. : everything has been 
 altered and. cd for the vorse, omnia 
 versa et mutala in pejoreni partem, 
 Cic : v. TO ALTER. 2. commiito, i 
 (to c altogether): to c. the roiintenance, 
 vultura c, Cic. : .Scipioc.s his plan and 
 his march, consilium Scipio iterque c 
 Caes. : to be c.d from true to lalse, ex 
 veris in falsa c, Cic. 3, immuto, I 
 (e-p. of al eratli>n in a thing ; partial 
 change) : to be c.d by prosperity, pros- 
 peris rebus ini., Cic : v. to alter. 4. 
 pemiiilo, i (c. completely) : to c. one's 
 opinion, sententiam p., Cic. 5. verto, 
 ti, sum, J: i.e. to turri, convert: q. v. 
 6. converto, j (to turn al)out com- 
 pletely) : all things c. their forms, oni- 
 nes res c. foniias. Lucr.: c.d pursuits, 
 conversa studia, Hor. . c.d in rnind and 
 countenance, conversi aninium vultum- 
 qne, Tac. 7. n6vo, l (to make in- 
 noi-ations) : to <'. anything in the laws, 
 aliquld in legibus n., Cic. : to c. one's 
 name and appearance, nomen fa<?lemque 
 n.. Ov. : to c. the government, res n.. 
 Liv.: to wish to c. everything, omnia 
 ville n., Liv. Phr.: let us c. Oie sub- 
 ject, sernioneni alio transferamus, Cic 
 II, '/'</ exchange: pcrniuto, i ■ to c. 
 a denarius for sixteen asses, denarium 
 sedecim assibus p., I'lin.: v. to ex- 
 change. B. In trans.: 1. miito, 
 I (esp. as rejl.): the times c. and ve c. 
 vith them, tempora niulan ur, nos et 
 mutamur in illis, Hor.; Cic- also in 
 ai't. voice, with ellipsis of ri/t. pron. : 
 how much manners have cA. qti.intum 
 mores mutaverint, Liv. : to such a de- 
 gree had men's feelings c.d, adeo aaimi 
 "S
 
 CHANG 
 
 CH A K A < T B R 
 
 CH ARCO Al> 
 
 mntaverant. Llv. 2. veno, ti, s«». 
 1 (often with pron. reflect., or as t. 
 reject ) : the .outh vrind c.s to the sm.rt- 
 uist. Ausier In Afncum se v, Qies . 
 /wtuJie had aJreaci!/ c.(i, jam verterat 
 fortuna. Liv. : all tlii,>gsc.. omnia ver- 
 
 fortuna inclinaverat, C.c 4. aMo -^ 
 (within =maaoc.: poet. . ^'^^'I'^^l 
 into shagyy hair, in villo, ab ves^s 
 Ov • Lucr. 5. transeo, 4 : "« <^'' ""■" 
 
 J (with in and acoO: Li\.. f im- • 
 
 '^Change (^ubs.) .• I ^«^'-°*'t> 
 
 1 maialio (for the distinction be- 
 tween S^s and W foU. words^^ co>n^^^ 
 
 the verb) : a c. «^ P'""' ^""^"i^' ."^„- ,0/ 
 to ma;.e a c m facere, uc aj^ / 
 
 raUo'"or.^--^otp...L,n.or,.tn 
 
 i5tio acnf i,ords. verbonim im., uc. . 
 
 CO/ o?de/(m ^vords), ordin.s im C.c 
 
 4 peTwnlMlo: a great c. of ajfairs^ 
 
 „,ag?a V- I^V iiL" vIc'iB'Sc-^. and 
 
 ^e c "aiicui numos majores mlnorum 
 ?^*to numero pe muiare. |V. ^ bata"« 
 ^0.1 o/r/um V mo«e.y : -nunii rnmores 
 quae adhuc de pecunia restant (cl. Hor. 
 
 Pt nnitabile semper femma, \ irg. . a. 
 'c^riTtabtlis, e^dess >req,) : a c. m,nd, 
 c. animus. Cic. 3. ambiguus (l^etO • 
 ,• Proteus am. Proteus, Ov. *. i" 
 U,a MPO^). c. ..~^- 
 
 ^r""; ^^i^dfinconstntes venti. 
 
 P in • V. FICKLE. 6. mob..iS. e: V. 
 
 KicKLE 7 ventosus(c. as tAeuwd); 
 
 m.que mentis. (^il. *. 
 
 t/i« c. of Jfrrtune, fortunae v., Cic. . v. 
 
 FICKLENESS. -.-uni- p. v 
 
 changeless: immutabiiis, e. 
 
 J^^'^'a^y.nesl'pectsthatheisa 
 Ts sesuspicatur.Ter.: «/..;/ f a// me a 
 c* s. me appellant, Liv. 2. suppos- 
 
 ItllS- V. SUPl'OSITlTlOLS. 
 
 Changer: mutator: Lucan.: \al. 
 ^^^^ ^„o1 r??!?)"! "> • 1 ^t vatei-course 
 
 ctnictiles Vitr. (also used of natural 
 cT Varr. Caes. Dimin. canaliculus 
 •'■ „T?\. • r.ol 2 rivus (usu. a 
 
 t^oT q v.?°io Ji"pe.s(»«tc.- 
 ^rrs«).^rivoi claudere.Viig.: a s/o,-- 
 ina c (of a rivulet), pronus r., Hor. 
 *"^ 3. ^alveus (the b^d 0/ a "jer)^ t-e 
 c of a riivr. fluminis a., Vlrg. .Hor. 
 Pli^ Wm.«. alveelus, a ^-man c 
 J^rt 4 meatus,us(apa^.'iase):«he 
 
 tn-.re sex meatibuB erumpit, T ac. a. 
 Xs Ws TO.: until the rivers run m 
 
 cursant limite, Ov. : rrop._ II. -V"/. 
 rL i» a pi«ar: 1. canal.s : \ itr. , 
 
 116 
 
 also cSnaliciilus (dim.) : Vitr. 2. 
 ttria -Vitr 111. ^« «"» «' "'^ •''^'' ■ 
 frTtumT t/,e Br^sh c. *fretum Britan- 
 
 "*XnnelT)"'strio. , : to c. pi!la« 
 
 striis s., Vitr. , alveo- 
 
 ,.^^^'' r^n^-aj.: 'pun. 
 
 chlSt lubs.): cantus (ecclesiast.cus): 
 
 V. SO>'G. 
 
 chanter: ^^antor: v. singer. 
 
 chantry ■ canuna : M. L. 
 
 rhii.08 ■ 1. chaos, n. : Ov. ^. 
 (By circuml.) riidis indigestaque mo es : 
 Ov Phr • he Inowght this out oj t. 
 ",to order, id ex inordinato m o"!'"^" 
 adduxit, Cic. : V. CONFUSION •>'^«"'^«;.„ 
 
 pViontir • 1. contusus : the c. 1 uin 
 oAWo?!d.mundi c. ruina,Lucr.: v. 
 CONFUSED. 2. i'l'lie^i'"^^^'.- 1 
 chap W: . A. T^»"^v A- 
 scindo, scidi. scissum, j: Ce s. j. 
 diffindo, fidi. fissum, 5 : the <■"''''-''« 
 ftancfc, 'frigus cutrm manuum diftiiul.t 
 
 B 1 " t "■ '^ " ^- • s""'^""'- *"'*"^' ' 
 the sfcin C.S, cutis scinditur, Cels. 
 
 chap (s«bs) •• fissura ; c.s on the hps 
 labrorum f., Plin- „. n 
 
 rhaoel- 1. aedicula: Uc. ^ 
 sacdlum Cic. Liv. 3. sacranum 
 vpn 4 *capella : M. L. 
 
 Phanlain- 1. *capellamis (in the 
 r rtt hoT Ch.) ■ Kr. 2. diac6nus 
 Tor taKolo,- a word used of annstian 
 t^/ricstm generally): Germ. Evang. 
 
 ^""chaplaincy: 'sacerdotis munuh. 
 
 «l,oT,1ot^ I Of Jiowtrs: 1. 
 
 cofl^na^^v^BEAl-H. ■'isenum-.and 
 
 esp°n >-Berta: v. garlani., fkstoon. 
 
 (In S,etry the name of the plant Irom 
 
 the Hvw of which the chaplet is con- 
 
 stracted is often used al.me: as.to en- 
 
 Tele the irrous .-.'A a c. otj;"'^:^<^ 
 
 pampino tempora cingere. Hor so w 1, 
 
 mvrto, hedei-a, etc.). II. A striiiy 
 
 of beads: MapiUorum, margaritarum 
 
 etc (V bead), series. 
 
 chapman: caupo : v. trader, shop 
 
 ""'venter • I. ^ division of a hwk. 
 
 chapter.^ .1. .^.^_ ^^ . „f ,, 
 
 divisions or chapters 0/ a law : from the 
 
 Trstcofth^ law to the ««^'. a pnmo c^ 
 
 leeis usqu? ad extremum, C:>. . 0/ a 
 
 S: Cels. (and later Latin ^as^jrO- 
 
 2 capitulum: lert.: Just. Cod. 
 
 Il" A body of canons : *canonicorum 
 
 colle""um (Kr.). III. ^ "'^Z'"* "f 
 
 Tarxms: •(ainonicorum) conventus. 
 
 chapter-house: canonicorum cuna 
 
 ^"^p^ar (I'V 1 *'n caiOwnem re- 
 dicere (i.e. to rediw^ to c/mrcoaO. 2. 
 Sro ussi, ustum, J (i.e. to b:mi 
 ^iulhinq so that tlie eiterior is charred) : 
 V TO buIn. To became c.'d, carbonescere, 
 
 """charwoman : mercenaria (?). opSr 
 
 ^"character: I. ^ i'^<««i. or en 
 nra^!d fvm^ol: character, ,eris, m : 
 Aug! V. -LETTER. II. Moral. luames 
 taken collectively:. 1. ."^vX 
 m • to becmne acquainted wttA the entire 
 Ufe d^sition.and c. of anyove. totani 
 vtom, Mturam, moresque alicujus cog- 
 ™^c?;e, Cic : a speech P^l^^f^^^i 
 
 rf°;a^.-t(tU,i) mores etlinpa 
 
 ^^Tnotjiuigefrom his ou-i;:--^"^^^ 
 
 some eiumal C'r<?"'»ff"';"' ,^™a "e 
 non ex ipsius habitu, sed ex aliqua re 
 
 Externa judical, Cic: Phaedr. 3. 
 
 natura {natural drsposrtum).a be, e 
 
 ficent c, benefica n., Cic: Hor. 4. 
 
 anlmns- i e disi^'sition. temper: q. v. 
 
 f^ a manl Le c. is such as reason 
 
 TeSuires C ita moratus ut ratio pos- 
 
 X, cic III., '''P}"^!:!!^,' teUf 
 
 a ooo<i kind : 1, ^'"^"™**^,° ^""SJl 
 reputey. a needy man, unthout ... 'Oith. 
 
 out property, homo egens, sine ex sine 
 cens^ Cic: to injure any ^'^^^^^j^ 
 rniiis ex otfendere, Cic 2. bonesia* 
 iZouramc.) : vkich f^rriilieslnarne 
 )' account of their c. avd respec ability . 
 ^.aTJamilias honestatis amphtudin.^ 
 que gratia nomino. C.c P h J. ■ «/ 9^^ 
 
 r hfinestUS: v. HONOURABLE, RESPECT 
 
 able" aVson. of nu>st i^--%- 
 homo flagitiosissimus Cic (&11. hf « ^h 
 abstract flagitium = "agitiosus nag 
 tiorum atque facmonim <^lervae Car 
 ,4V to bear a very (,ad c, flagrare ru 
 moremalo, Hor. S. i, 4. 1^5: Cic.: to 
 Zi-egot a c. for roguery, turpi fraud e 
 
 t^notuisse, Phaedr.: to care^no'''"^^X 
 r fortune or danger, fidero, forluua . 
 reriua ^^lia habere. Sail. : v. repUTA- 
 
 [of things)"- 1. P^oprietas: the c. 0/ 
 a sou or climate, te^ae «:oeli p., Liv 
 
 V. CHARACTERISTIC 2. CO or (fig ) . 
 
 uhat after all, said he, ''Ji"^;^"/ ^^^ 
 finemeht {to nhich you refjr}r q^iesi, 
 Uiquit, isle tandem urbanitatis c. ? Cic . 
 Tc^MPLEXioN. 3. babiius, us: tfte 
 r nf a <!veerh. b. oratioms, Cic. . \ . cha 
 
 'RAfTERCc.' V. ^.^'^'ZToi'a 
 1 persona: to assume thee. oJ a 
 vlainiin, petitoris p. capere. Cic: to 
 ^e^elent the c. of another, alienam p. 
 ferre Liv. 2. partes, mm : fie c. of 
 T^nile) actof. Batons Pa"- H«r. = v^ 
 inf 3. numerus: in the c. oja 
 mWier numero militis, Caes. VI. 
 
 parasiti p., Ter. : Gell. 
 
 's^d commune raletudinis, Cic : tocr^^ 
 ami to produce is chiefly c. of art. artis 
 nrxime p. est creare el gignere, Cic 
 "Tmeratus: ac.;>oem d-e.abor^d- 
 
 — nin:sisr^^|={i 
 
 cum multis commun.a, C^c..unth.>u^ 
 c that is to say. dubious, fidelity, sua. 
 id est dubia, fide Veil. 
 
 charactensticjsubs^). 1. pr«;^ 
 5S.locorum,Virg.:moreusu.co.. 
 
 ^Ls:^^^^^^7:r 
 Ir^-TSi^^^rM-^ 
 
 donoting "that whose c is spoken of, 
 
 ^t-'Vft'utiJc. oTkuman beings. 
 bumanum est). 5. character, ens: 
 
 MANNER. I «v^ fUinian d 
 
 characterize: J-^,S>o Jipsi. 
 
 '^:'rZZr.'toc.anyor,easa..bb.- 
 -r^WL.aliqi.m,at.nemacsu^ 
 
 num d..C.c Z. „^,j^ 
 
 X"^,/t/>-;ea^™ (of £0ld comedy)^ 
 ^.cuml.berUte^noUre.H^^^^^^^^ 
 
 wfof- propriiini esse: this one thing 
 Tetiyislnlrator. hoc est unum ora- 
 
 loris maxime p., Cic „nabicum 
 
 charade: *aenigma syiiamcum 
 
 ^^harcoal: carbo, onis, m : / «^' 
 m&f^i>UuJc « c, tarn atram red- 
 
 TrJ:Z.tl^:n.Isman^ 
 of c, carbunciilus, Auct Ker.
 
 CHARGE 
 
 CHARIOT 
 
 CHARM 
 
 charge (»•)■• A. T r a n s. : I. 
 7b load or burthen: q. v. Phr. : to c. 
 a gun, 'tela, missilia, glandes, pulver- 
 emquc nitratum tormento (sclopeto) 
 Ingerere. ||. To rush against, at- 
 tack. 1. iiicurro. curri, and cucurri, 
 cursum, j (with dat. or ace): thu in- 
 fantry c.d the u-ings, peditum sigiia iii- 
 cucurrerunt comibus, lAw: Tac. : to c. 
 the {enemies') fiank, latus (Tiostium) in., 
 Tac.: Sail. (N.K. incurrere in with 
 ace. appears to be used only of incur- 
 sions into an enemy's country.) 2. 
 iiivado, } ; v. to attack. 3. irruo, 
 rui, } (full, by in); to c. the. centre, in 
 median) acieni ir., Cic. 4. sifpia in- 
 fP.To, tuli, latum, j (with in and ace, 
 or dat.) : to c. the enemy, signa in hostes 
 in., Cues. : Me Romans charge the wa- 
 vering foe, trepidantibiLS inferunt signa 
 Itomani, Liv. : v. to attack. |||, To 
 place on the debit side; regard as a 
 debt : \, fCro, lull, latum, J (with the 
 perf.jxirt. expensus agreeing with the 
 snbst.) : vhat did you gain by vot c.ing 
 it to them? quid proderat tibl te ex- 
 pensum lUis nun tuUsse ? Cic. : if you 
 had c.d those loo.ooo sestKices to me, si 
 mibi expensa isia H. S. centum tullsses, 
 Cic. 2. infero, tuli, latum, } . to c. 
 an expense to the citizens, sumptum 
 civlbus Inf., Cic. : to c. in accounts, 
 ritlionibus inl., Col. 3. impuio, i : 
 bailiffs c. for far more seed-coi n than 
 tliey have really sown, villici loiige plus 
 Im. seminis jacti qiiam quod siverint, 
 O'l. : to c. exyienses to any one, suniptus 
 alicui ini., Ulp. Kig.: he perceices that 
 the days ivhich are lost, yet c.d to us, are 
 vanishing and departing, soles effugere 
 atque abire sent it qui nobis pereunt el 
 imputantur. Mart. Phr.: to c. a cer- 
 tain price for goods, pretium statuere 
 nierci, PI. : to c. a fixed price, pretium 
 certum constituere, Cic. |V. ^" *'"- 
 pute to, accuse of: 1, arguo, ui, 
 utum, J (the offence charged is e.xpr. by 
 gen., abl., or de ; also by ace. and irif.) : 
 to c. dead men vith the greatest wicked- 
 ness, viros morluos summi sceleris ar., 
 Cic. : / do not c. you with this crime, te 
 hoc crimine non arguo, Cic. : he is c.d 
 tirith this crime, de eo crimine arguitur, 
 Cic: Roscius is c.d with having killed 
 his father, occidisse patrem Roscius ar- 
 guitur, Cic. 2. imputo, I (with dat. 
 of per.<on and ace. of crime imputed): 
 the murder should be c.d upon him who 
 bigan the quarrel, ei caedes imputanda 
 est a quo Jurgium coepit, Quint.: v. to 
 impctk. 3. inslmulo, i (usu. of false 
 or malicious charges) : to c. any one 
 with treachery, aliquem prodltionis in., 
 Caes. : Cic. : to be c.d with the offence of 
 treachery, proditionis crimine insimu- 
 lari, Liv. : to c. any one falsely, aliquem 
 falso in., Cic. : v. to acclse, ascbibe. 
 V. To enjoin upon : q. v : niando, 
 I (with dat. of [>erson and subj.) : he 
 c.s Volusenus to return to him as soon 
 as possible, Vulnseno mandat ut ad se 
 quam prinmm revert;itur, Caes. : Caesar 
 had by letter parlicularlij c.d Trebr/nius 
 not to allow the toun to be lakeii by as- 
 sault, Caesar per literas Trebonio mag- 
 nojiere mandaverat ne per vim oppidum 
 expugnari paterelur, Caes. VI. J'' 
 charge any one tvitU some duty : 1. 
 committo. misi, missimi, j (foil, by ut 
 or ne) : the senate c.d him icith the re- 
 sponsibility of seeing that, etc., senatus 
 el comniisit ut videret, etc., Cxc: v. to 
 
 COMMIT. 2. credo, J ; V. TO ENTRUST. 
 
 3. impoiio, p5sui, positum, j (with 
 ace. of thing and dat. of person) : to c. 
 oneself u-ith severer labours, sibi gravi- 
 ores labores im., Caes. : you c.d me with 
 the part of defending, vos mihi per- 
 sonam imposuislis, ut tucrer, Cic. : v. 
 TO IMI'OSE ci-ON. Phr.; to c. any one 
 with the oversight of any matter, ali- 
 quem negotio praeficere, Cic. : Caes.: V. 
 TO APPOINT. B, I" trans. : to make 
 an onset : 1, concurro, curri, cursum, 
 J : they c. with pre^sented standards, cum 
 infcstis signis concurrunt. Sail. : to c. 
 from an ambush, ex insidiis c, Liv. 
 
 2, irruo, J : ice c. with the sword, 
 
 irruiraus ferro, VIrg. 8, iuvado, j : 
 
 V. TO ATTACK: V. SUfT. (II.). 
 
 charge (.sul>s.) : \, Load, cargo : 
 q. V. Phr.: the c. of a gun,*i:tu\>(t\us: 
 V. CABTBIDGE. II, An onset, attack : 
 q. V. 1, incui-sus, us: to witlistand 
 ca of cavalry, Incursus equitum sus- 
 tinere, Caes. : to be routed at the flrst c, 
 primo in. pelli, Liv. 2. incursio (less 
 fre<i. in this sense): Cic: v. inkoad. 
 
 3. concursus, Qs (the rushing toge- 
 ther of two armies) : the c. of boUi 
 armies, c utriusque exercitus, Caes. 
 
 4. imp6tus, us (a furious ornet : 
 q. V.) : to sustain a c. of swtnds, im. 
 gladiorum excipere, Caes. : to make a c. 
 upon the enemy, impetum in hostes 
 facere, Caes. Phr.: an impetuous c. of 
 cavalry, pr6cella equestris, Liv. |||, 
 An injunction, mandate (q. v.): man- 
 datum : to give c.s to any one, alicui 
 mandata dare, Cic. : to pay no attention 
 to c.s, m. negligere, Ov. Phr.: a 
 judge's c , •allocutio judiclalis or prae- 
 toria. IV, Oversight, care, duty of 
 attending to : 1. ciira (most general 
 term): the c. of equipping a legion, 
 legionis armandae c, Tac. : the c. (f the 
 treasury, c. aerarii. Suet. 2. curjitJo 
 (= cura : less freq.) : let me look after 
 the niaid-servants, which is my c, me 
 sinas curare anclllas, quae mea est c, 
 1*1. 3. tutela (prop, of protection, 
 guardianship) : to have c. of the door, 
 t. Januae gerere, PI. : c. of the highway, 
 viae t., Cels. Dig. Phr.: where each 
 legale or tribune had c, ubi quisque 
 legatus aut tribunus curabat. Sail.: to 
 have c. of a business, negolio praeesse, 
 Caes.: / give this man in c. to you, 
 bunchominem in tuam custodian) tnulo, 
 PI. : V. OFFICE, UUTi. Vi ^^'J' uhich 
 is attended to : 1. ciira (e.?p. in dat., 
 afler esse): Caesar promised that that 
 matter should be his c, Caesar pollicitus 
 est sibi earn rem curae futuram, Caes. : 
 tlie boy, my chief c, puer, mea maxima 
 cura, Virg. 2. alumnus (one who is 
 being nourished and cheiisheil) : what 
 greater boon could the nurse implore for 
 her street c. ." quid voveal majus dulci 
 nutricula alumno? Hor. : Virg.: v. 
 FOSTER-CHILI). 3. tutela (rare): the 
 foremost maidens, the c. of the Itelian 
 goddess, virginnm primae, Deliae tutela 
 deae, Hor. : I'rop. VI. Accusation : 
 q. V. : crimen, inis, n. P h r. : o false 
 and unjust c, falsa atque iniqua insim- 
 ulatio, Cic. VII. Honey to be jxtid : 
 pretium; sumptus: v. price, expense. 
 
 chargeable : I. That may b<- im- 
 posed : Phr.: a tax c. on an estate, *tri- 
 butuin praedio imponendum. ||, Sub- 
 ject to a burthen or tax : chiefly with 
 Verb to be; when it may be e.xpr. by 
 servire : Cic. RuU. }, 2, 9 ; Digest. ||t. 
 That may be imputed or attributed : v. 
 ATTRIBUTABLE. Phr.: this Viisfortune 
 is c. to our folly, 'hoc malum stultitiae 
 nostrae impulandun) est. |V. Subject 
 or exposed to (e. g. to an accusatioti) : 
 
 1, obnoxTus (with dat.): c. with 
 a fault, culpae ob., Ov. : c. witJi an act, 
 ob. facto, Tib. 2. affinis, is (also 
 with dat.) : c. with guilt, af. noxae, 
 Liv. : to adjudge any to be c. ii-ith in- 
 famous conduct, aliquem af. turpltudiui 
 judicare, Cic: v. guilty, re.sponsible. 
 
 charger: I. -^ large dish: pa- 
 tera : v. dish. II. A war-horse, Cquus 
 bellator: Tac. Ger. 14. 
 
 charily : parte, maligne: sparingly, 
 
 GRl DGINGLV. 
 
 chariness : \'- parsimonv. 
 
 chariot: 1, currus, us: to drive 
 a c, c agere, Ov. : to ride in a c. drann 
 by four horses, curru quadrigarum vchi. 
 Cic: a c. dratim by two horses, bijiigus 
 c, Lucr. : to upset a c, c. evertere. Curt. 
 
 2. curriculum (a c. for racing) : 
 Tac: Suet. 3. essedum (prop, a 
 war c. ; esp. of the Gauls and Britons) : 
 fighting from c.s, ex essedis pugna, 
 Caes.: Cic. (The I'Or-c.! of the ancient 
 
 j Britons are also called covin! : I,ucan.) 
 
 I 4. bigae, arum (contr. from bijugae : 
 
 hence, a c. drann by a pair of hors«s) : 
 
 to ride in a c, bigis vehi, Vii«. : to yokx 
 
 a c. and pair, bigas Jungere, Plin. Les« 
 freq. in the sing. : Tac. : Slat. (We 
 aLso find the uncontr. forms bijugae, 
 bijugi ; but mostly in the poets: Virg.) 
 5. quadrigae, arum (= quadrijugae : 
 hence, a c. and four) : to yoke a c. and 
 four, q. Jungere, Plin.: Virg. Phr.: 
 c. horses (i. e. for c. races in the circus), 
 equi curules, Liv.: v. carriage. 
 
 charioteer: 1, auriga: Cats.: 
 Cic. : Virg. 2. quadrigarius (the 
 
 driver of a four-lurrsed chariot ; esp. in 
 the circus) : Varr. : Cic. The word also 
 occurs as an wlj. ; as, in the guise 0/ a 
 c, quadrlgario habitu, SueU 3. agi- 
 tator (esp. of Ci tn the public games) : 
 I'l. : Cic. 4, essidarius (ol the com- 
 batants in v:ar-c.t): Caes.: Cic 5. 
 aiviiiarius (i. q. essedarlus): Tac. 
 
 chariot-race : (?) curriculum (equo- 
 
 rum): Hor. Od. I, i, } : Liv. 4;, )} 
 (but the phra.se perhaps Is Mjually ap- 
 plicable to simple horse-races). Pnr.; 
 to be a driver in a c, quadrigas agltare. 
 Suet. 
 
 charitable : j. Liberal, boun- 
 tiful : beiiigiius, bfinfillcus: v. benevo- 
 lent, KIND. II, Aenierit in judg- 
 ments; no exact word; perhaps mitis is 
 the nearest: cf. Tac. Agr. 16: "Tur- 
 pilianus dellctls hostlum novns eoque 
 poenitentiae mitior:" v. gentle. 
 Phr.: to put the mrrre c. conttivction 
 upon a fAin(7, aliquld in mitlorem par- 
 tem interpritari, Cic: v. CHARiTr. 
 
 charitableness : |. Of giving 
 
 liberally : benignltas : v. KiNDXEts, 
 GENEROSITT. ||. The disposition to 
 form kindly judgments : •animus mitis; 
 animus qui omnia in mitiorem (meli- 
 orem) partem interpretari solet; judi- 
 cium facile ac benignum: v. cra- 
 
 RITA RLE. 
 
 charitably : I. of bounty .• bSn- 
 
 igne : V. KINDLY. II. of Kindly, 
 
 charitable feeling : mill animo; in mi- 
 tiorem partem : V. charitable. 
 
 charity: 1. Ch^ istian love : carl- 
 tas (cbarita.*) : Vulg. I Cor. xiii. : Aug. 
 II. the spirit of generous allowance 
 for others: V. charitablene.ss(11.). |||. 
 Alms : q. V. N.B. — The w ord charity 
 being expressive of a Christian senti- 
 ment cumot be expressed with entire 
 accuracy in a classical prae-Christian 
 language. The w ords given in this and 
 the preceding articles must be regarded 
 as approximative. 
 
 charlatan : |, A quack doctor : 
 
 I. ( irciilator : Cels. : Sen. 2. 
 phamiacopola circuniloranSus : Cic. 
 
 II, A pretender to skill or ktwto- 
 ledge uhich he does not possess: 1. 
 osteniiitor: PI.: Liv. 2. Jactator: 
 Quint. 
 
 charlatanry: \. 3fedicalquacl.-ery: 
 *nit'diciiia circulitoria. ||, Pretence to 
 skill or knoii ledge: 1, ostentalio: 
 
 Cic. 2, circulitoria jactalio: Quint. 
 
 Charles'-wain : piausirum: Ov. : 
 
 v. BEAK. 
 
 charlock (a plant): lapsana: CeU.: 
 Plin. 
 
 charm {subs.) : |, Spell, fascina- 
 tion (q. V.) : i. carmen: cs can eren 
 bring down the moon from the sky, c. 
 vel coelo possunt deducere luiiam, 
 Virg. : Hor. 2. ^ox, vocis, /. : to 
 bring doitti the moon by cj. deripere 
 lunam vocibus, Hor. 8. canlio: Cic 
 4. cantus, us : Tib. : Ov. 5. I"'- 
 canlatlo (rare): magic c.s, ningicac in , 
 Kirm. (N.B. — All the al"'ve words 
 dinote charms said or suvg.) 6. 
 liiscinum (v. Lat fhct. i. f.): Gell. : 
 Symin. 7. amiLlelum: v. amtli^t. 
 1' h r. : the snake is made to burst asun- 
 dir by c.s. rumpitur anguis cantando, 
 Virg. II. Pleasing influence, grace : 
 1. gratia : the c. of beauty, g. form.ie, 
 Ov. : tlu: c. of the Attic language, g. 
 sermonis Attici, Quint. 2, blandi- 
 mentum (of that which ictn* u^>on and 
 flatters): the cs of life, \ilae b., Tac 
 
 3. blanditia (= No. 2) : Cic. : Quint. 
 
 4. decor. Oris, m. (only of personal 
 charms) . Hor. : Ov. 5. dulcSdo 
 (sweetness, deliciousness): the c.qf glory.
 
 CH A R M 
 
 CHASTITY 
 
 CHEAT 
 
 gloriae d., Cic. : 6^ some unaccountable 
 c, nescio qua d., Virg. the c. of love, 
 amoris d., Virg. g. lepor aud lepos, 
 oris, m. (esp. of c. and elegance of man- 
 ners) : the games had not even that c, 
 ludi ne id quidem leporis habuenint, 
 Cic. : the whole c. of life, omnis vitae 1., 
 Plln. : abounding in every c. and grace, 
 affluens omiii 1. ac venustate, Cic. 7. 
 vfenustas: v. loveliness, grace. 
 
 charm ("■) ■■ I. To affect or influ- 
 emx by supernatural means : v. to be- 
 wrrcH, ENCHANT. P h r. : to have a 
 charmed life, ■"vitam divinitus munitam, 
 deorum ope in omnem vim tuuira, ger- 
 ere. ||. To allay, assuage : q. v. 
 
 I, delenio. 4 : <o c. the feelings of 
 men, animos hominum d., Cic. : to c. 
 any one icith a sung, aliquera carmine 
 d., Ov. 2. recanlo, i (to c. away) : to 
 c. away cares, curas r., Ov. |||, 7'o 
 delight : capio, cepi, captum, i : to be 
 c.'d by the stceetness of a sound, vocis 
 dulcedine capi, Ov. .- thee another's iiHfe 
 c.s, te capit aliena conjux, Hor. : Cic. : 
 
 V. TO DELIGHT, PLEASE. 
 
 charmer : I. ^" enchanter : q. V. 
 
 II. C»ie U'ho delights : 1, deli- 
 ciae : PI.: Cic: Virg. 2. voluptas: 
 my c , mea v., PI. . Virg. 
 
 charming (subs ) : fascinatio, effas- 
 cinatio : v. fascination, charm. 
 charming (<i<(;) •• 1. amoenus 
 
 (esp. to the eye) : c. places, am. loca. 
 Sail. : c. shade, am. umbra, Ov. : a c. 
 picture, am. pictura, Plin. 2. bellus 
 ( pretty, elegant): a very c. jirJ, bellis- 
 jima puella, Cic. 3. dulcis, e (delight- 
 ful) : a c. speaker, d. orator, Cic. : c. 
 poems, d poemata, Hor. . a very c. 
 letter, dulcissima epistola, Cic. 4. 
 suavis (in this sense = dulcis) : v. de- 
 L[GHTFUL. 5. lepldus (of graceful, 
 charming manners) : I uas handsome, 
 c. fui ego bellus, lepidus, PI. : O most 
 c. little creature! o capiiulum lepidis- 
 simum ! Ter. 6. veiiustus, pulcher : 
 
 V. BEALTIFCL, LOVELY. 7. gratUS ; 
 
 V. PLCA.SING. 
 
 charmingly; 1. 'cpide (prop. 
 
 tastefully: with elegance of manner): 
 a c. dressed sister, 1. oriiata soror, PI. : 
 charmingly (as an e.\pi ession of admira- 
 tion), lepide ! Ter. 2. venuste 
 (gracefully: q. v.): Quint.: Sen. 3. 
 belle (V. NICELY): Cic. 4. festive 
 
 (facet*) : V. MEKKILY. 
 
 charnel-house : ossuariuni : Uip. 
 
 chart: *tabula nautiia v. map. 
 
 charter (subs.) .- i. e. an instrument 
 conferring privileges : diploma, atis, 
 n. (in ancient times usu. of a letter of 
 privilege granted to individuals) : to 
 si^n a c, d. signare. Suet. 
 
 charter ("■)•■ I. To grant a 
 
 charter to : prob. only in part, char- 
 tered (q. v.). II, To hire (a ship): 
 condiico, duxi, ductum, j : Cic. . Hor. 
 
 charter-party: * pactum (syngra- 
 
 pha) de navi conducenda. 
 
 chartered : Enjoying a charter : 
 diplomate donatus. Phr. : a c. liber- 
 tine (Shaks.), adulter immunis (f): a c. 
 fool, *cui omnia ridicula impune eloqui 
 licet. 
 
 chary : parcus : v. sparing. Phr.: 
 ynu are c. of fetching donn the it'ine-jar 
 from the loft, parcis deripert horreo 
 amphoram, Hor. 
 
 chase (" ) ■• to hunt, pursue (q. v.) : 
 venor; sector, agilo. Phr.: c. anay 
 cares with wine, %ino pellite curas, 
 Hor.: the ivinds c. away the clouds, 
 fugant flamina nubes, Ov. ; v. to drive 
 
 AWAT. 
 
 chase, or Chace (subs.) .• |. Bunt- 
 ing : 1. venatio : fouling and the 
 c, aucupium utque venatio, Cic. : the 
 Suevi are much engaged in the c, Suevi 
 muUum sunt in venationibus, Caes. 
 2. vgnatus, lis : exertion in the c. 
 labor in venatu, Cic. : Virg. 3. (very 
 freq.) : e.xpr. by ger. or other part of 
 verb (venor) ; as, fondness for the c, 
 venandi studium, Cic. : to be devoted to 
 the c, venandi studiosum esse, Cic. : v. 
 HU.NTING. Phr. a dog fit for the c, 
 canis veiiiiticus, Cic. ; c. venatorius, 
 il8 
 
 PI. : beasts suited for the c, ferae : y. 
 game. II, Pursuit : q. v. |||, A 
 district stored trith game : 1. septum 
 venationis . Varr. 2. saltus, us (a 
 term applicable to wooded country gen- 
 erally) . to suirouvd a c. with nets and 
 to rouse it with dogs, sepire plagis sal- 
 tum, canibusque ciere, Lucr. . Virg. 
 
 chase ('•)■• to engrave: caelo, I: 
 niagnijicent and expensively c.d vases, 
 vasa magnitica at pretiose caelata, Cic. : 
 to c. shields with gold and silver, c. 
 scuta auro et argento, Liv. ; to c. any- 
 thing on gold, c. aliquid in auro, Virg. 
 Phr.: a tool for c.-ing, caelum: v 
 GRAVER: c.d irork or the art of chasing, 
 caelatiira : Cic. : Quint. : also, caela- 
 men, and^?. caelamina (the ivork) . Ov. ; 
 Plin. 
 
 chaser: «« engraver: caelator: Cic: 
 Juv. 
 
 chasing (of metals) : caelatiira : 
 Quint.: Plin.: v. TO CHASE. 
 
 chasm : 1. hiatus, >is : the earth 
 having opened he descended into the c, 
 quum terra discessisset, in h. descendit, 
 Cic. : Virg. : v. cleft. 2. chasnia, 
 atis, n. : Sen. 3. specus, iis : the 
 forum is said to have (y^ned in a huge 
 c, forum s. vasto coUapsum diciiur, 
 Liv. (v. cavern): in the next sentence 
 Livy applies the term vorago to the 
 same chasm or gulf (q. v.). Phr. : the 
 earth opens in a c, terra discedit, dis- 
 silit : V. TO cleave aslnder. 
 
 chaste: I. Ofmmals: 1. cas- 
 tus (having ref. to purity in general : 
 V. PURE) : c. Minerva, c. Minerva, Hor. : 
 a c. expression of countenance, c vultus. 
 Ov. : a c. house, c. domus, Cat. 2. 
 pudlcus (of purity in the relations of 
 sex) : the c. blush even to speak about 
 chastity, erubescunt pudici etiam loqui 
 de pudicitia, Cic: c. Hippolytus. p. Hip- 
 polytus, Hor. : c. I'enelope, p. Penelope, 
 Hor. : a c. house, p. domus, Cic : c. 
 manners, p. mores, PI.: Ov. ||, Of 
 style and language • 1. piirus : a c. 
 and pe)^spicuous style, p. et candiduni 
 (illustre) genus dicendi, Cic. : a concise 
 and c. style, pressus sermo p que, Plin. 
 Ep. (Purus is also used to designate 
 language J'ree from barbarisms : Cic.) 
 2, pressus (i. e. pruned; bare of 
 ornament) : instewl of being c, they be- 
 come meagre, fiunt pro pressis exiles, 
 Quint. : Cic. (who applies the term to 
 the style of ThucydidesX 3. cast us : 
 an exceedingly c. style, sermo castissi- 
 mus, Gell. 4. cmendaius : i. e. gene- 
 rally /au/iies« ; q. V. P h r. : a c. style 
 of painting, * genus pingendi purum ac 
 lenociniis carens. 
 
 chastely : I. Qf morals .- 1. 
 caste : Cic. 2. piidice (for the dis- 
 tinction, see chaste) : Ter.: Cat: Plin. 
 II. ';/ style : 1. ciste, pure : 
 Gell. (both words referring chiefly to 
 the absence of barbarisms). 2. 
 presse (i. e. with studied avoidance of 
 ornament) : Cic. 
 
 chasten : castigo : v. to chastise. 
 
 chasteness: I. i- q- chastity: 
 
 q. v. II. Purity of style : nsu. to be 
 expr. by an adj. ; as, Caesar uas 
 remarkable for the p. of his style, Cae- 
 sar castissimi sermonis fuit, Gell. : v. 
 chaste (11.). 
 
 chastening {subs.): v. chastise- 
 ment. 
 
 chastise : 1. castigo, i • to c. 
 boys with words and stripes, c. pueros 
 verbis verberibusque, Cic. 2. ptinio, 
 4" V. TO PUNISH. 3. (in pass.)." plec- 
 tor, } : 'ce are deservedly c.d, merito 
 plectimur, Phaedr. : Hor. 
 
 chastisement : 1. casHgatio : to 
 
 infiict c, aliquem casligatione afficere, 
 
 Cic. : to submit to c, c. accipere, Sen. 
 
 2. aniraadversio : fatherly c, pat- 
 
 ema an., Cic. : v. punishment. 
 
 chastiser: cas'.igator: Liv.: Hor. 
 (or expr. by part, of castigo) : v. 
 
 PCNISHER. 
 
 chastity : 1. pudicitia (sexual 
 
 purity): on this side c, on that, lust, 
 hinc p., illinc stuprum, Cic : to do vio- 
 lence to any one's c, p. alicui eripere. 
 
 Cic : c. and modesty, p. et pador, PI. 
 2, castitas(puri«i/ generally: q. v.): 
 Cic. : Tac. 3. castJmonia (esp. of the 
 purity of ministers of religion): Cic. • 
 Liv. 4. piidor: i. e. modesty gene- 
 rally: q. v. 
 chat (»'•) •• fabiilor, garrio : v. to 
 
 GOSSIP. 
 
 chat (subs.): famillaris sermo: to 
 have a c. with any one, familiares cum 
 aliquo conterre semiones, Cic. Phr.: 
 irhile we are having a c, interea dum 
 sermones caedimus, Ter. 
 
 chattel : 1. res manclpi (a term 
 applied in law to propert.v transferable 
 by ordinary contract of sale) : Cic. : Gai. 
 2, (only in pi.)- bona, orum (the 
 most gen. term): v. coons. 3. nio- 
 biles res or mobilia bona (moveables) : 
 Ulp. ; also res moventes (a rare expres- 
 sion), Liv 5, 25. 
 
 chatter ('••)■ I. To idler inar- 
 tictdate sounds : balbiitio, 4 : the black- 
 bird sings in the summei , c.s in the 
 ninter, canit aestate, hinne b. merula, 
 Plin.: Cic: v. TO babble. ||, To 
 talk nonsertse : garrio, balbiitio, effiitio 
 V. TO babble. Ill, To clatter toge- 
 ther (of the teeth) : 1, crepito, i 
 my teeth c, crepito dentibus, PI. : Ov 
 2. strideo, 2 ; or strido, j : the pa- 
 tient's teeth c, aeger dentibus stridet, 
 Cels. 
 
 chatter, chattering (subs.) |. 
 
 An inarticulate noise; esp. of birds: 
 
 1. clamor : the c. of cranes, c. 
 
 gruum, Lucr. : v. noise. 2. clangor 
 
 applied to the noise made by various 
 
 birds, as, cranes, Stat. ; sparrows, Cic. ; 
 
 geese, Liv. ||, Idle talk: garrulitas: 
 
 Ov. : Quint. : v. BABBLE. |||. A noise 
 
 made by the teeth : 1. crepitus, iis . 
 
 a c. of the teeth, dentium c, Cic. 2. 
 
 stridor: a c. of the teeth, s. dentium, Cels. 
 
 chatterbox: lingulaca: PI: Gelt 
 
 chattering (adj.) .- garrtilus : a c. 
 
 tongue, g. lingua, Ov. : the c. rook, g. 
 
 comix, Ov. : the c. swallow, g. hirundo, 
 
 V'irg. : V. TALKATIVE. 
 
 chatty : garrulns : v. XALKAin^E. 
 
 cheap : vills, e : cheaper provisions, 
 aniiuna vilior, PI. : com was cheaper, 
 frumentum villus erat, Cic. Fig.: our 
 life II ould be c. in your esteem, libi vilis 
 vita esset nostra, Liv. Very c, pervilis. 
 Liv. Phr.: c. provisions, laxa annona, 
 Liv.; things all at once became so c, 
 tanta repente vilitas aniionae secuta 
 est, Cic. : to hold a thing c, aliquid parvl 
 tacere, pendere : v. to value. 
 
 cheapen : minore pretio quam 
 po>tulatur liceri : cf. Cic. Off. i, 15. 
 
 cheap, cheaply (adv.) .- i. bene 
 
 to buy c, b. emere, Cic. (i. e. to buij 
 advantageously ; bene vendere is to sell 
 to advantage, i. e. dear). 2. vili (abl 
 of vllis; pretio being understood) : to 
 buy c, V. emere, PI. 3. viliter: PI.: 
 Plin. Phr.: landed estates may be 
 bought c, jacent praemia praediorum, 
 Cic. : to farm the taxes c, vectigalia 
 parvo pretio redempta habere, Caes. : 1 
 sell my property not mtrre dearly than 
 others, perhaps more c, vendo meum non 
 pluris quam ceteri, fortasse etlam mi- 
 noris, Cic: to live c, *parvo sumptu 
 (parvis sumptibus) vivere : v. expense. 
 
 cheaoness: nlltas: c. of provisions. 
 V. annonae, Cic. : was this the c. which 
 lowered the lalue of our farm produce f 
 haeccine erat quae nostros fructus mi- 
 nuebat v ? Ter. 
 
 cheat (''•) •' 1. fraudo, I : Caecilius 
 uas c.'d by \'arius of a great sum of 
 money, C. a Vario magna p>cmiia frau- 
 datus est, Cic. : to c. the soldiers of the 
 plunder, milites prapda f., Liv.: to c. 
 ime's creditors, creditores f., Cic. 2. 
 emungo, munxi, munctum, } (comice ; 
 lit. to wipe a man's nose for him) : I 
 have c.'d the old men out of money, 
 emunxi argento senes, Ter. : Hor. 3. 
 circunieo, 4 (to get round, outwit) : it it 
 a disgraceful thing to be so c.'d, facinus 
 indignum sic circumiri. Ter. : Virg. : 
 Tac. 4. circumscribo, scripsi, scrip- 
 turn, J (esp. of cheating 6^ law tricks) : 
 to c. young lads, adulescentulos c.,Clo.:
 
 CHEAT 
 
 C H E E K L E S S 
 
 CHESS 
 
 Juv. 5. circumvSnio, v5ni, ventum, 
 4 (to overreach) : he has been c.'d out of 
 his rtumey, circiimventus est pecunia, 
 
 OiC. ■ Liv. : v. to defraud, DhXJRIVE. 
 
 cheat {subs.): I. Fraifl, tieceit : 
 q. v.: fraus. ||. One n ho cheats: 1. 
 Iraudator: Cic. 2. <.ircumseri[)tor (cf. 
 TO CHiiAT, 4) ; Cic. : Juv. 3. fraus, 
 fraudls (abstract for concrete) . PI. ■ 
 Tcr. : V. R<xjni;. 
 
 cheater: fr.nidator . v. priced, art. 
 
 cheating (s«6s.) .- l. rraudalio ■ 
 PI. : Cic. 2. circumscriptio : Cic. : v. 
 
 DISHONKSTY. 
 
 check (f) •• I. I'o hold in anything 
 inmolion (ci.a\!»iin/.[l.): 1. inhibeo, 
 2: to c. vrillimj ateah, voleiitcs equos 
 in., Ov. : to c. the Jlo'f of bhxxl, cruoreni 
 in., Ov. : to c. an onset, impetum in., 
 Liv. 2. coliibeo, 2: stronger than 
 the precctiinf;: v. to bestrain. 3. 
 iCneo, conlineo, retliieo, susiJnco : all 
 of which signify to bring a thing to a 
 standstill; whereas inhibeo is only 
 partiallij to arrest tite progress of: v. 
 to HOLD BACK, STOP. 4. Tetardo, I 
 (to slacken the speed of) ; to hold in anil 
 c. oxen forcibly, boves fortiter retinere 
 ac r., 0)1. : to c. the onset of the enemy, 
 taostium impetum r., Cic: v. to rk- 
 tard. 5. lardo, i (1. q. retardo): to 
 c. the speed of pursuit, celer-itatem inseq- 
 nendi t., Hirt. : Caes. : to c. the speed of 
 winged fate, volucris fati alas t.. Hot. 
 
 6. mOror, i : v. to delay, hinder. 
 
 II. To give a check or rebuff to ; 
 diminish the force of; impair the ac- 
 tivity of: 1. reprimo. pre.-;si, pres- 
 sum, J : I am aware that this pest <f the 
 commonweattU may he c.'d for a time, 
 but not for ever kept dou-n, intelligo 
 hanc reipublicae pestem pauUisper re- 
 primi, non in perpetuuin compiimi 
 posse, Cic. : to c. any one's attKmpts. 
 conatus alicujus r., Cic. . our soldier.s 
 c.'d their course, nostri milites cursmn 
 represserunt, Caes. 2. coniprimo, j 
 (stronger than preceding; see first ex.); 
 
 V. TO RESTRAIN, PUT DOWN. 3. SUP' 
 
 prime, 3 (almost = reprimo) : to c. an 
 enemy, hostem s., Caes. ; to c. the im- 
 petuosity of soldiers, militum impetum 
 s, Liv.: to c. anger, iram s., I.iv. : v. 
 
 TO SUPPRE.S.S, CONTROL. 4. COntllK'O, 
 
 tinui, tenlum, 2: toe. }-ashness, tenuMi- 
 tatem c, Cic. : v to kkstiiain. 5. 
 infringo, fregi, fractum, 5 (to break the 
 force of): to c. attempts, conatus in., 
 Caes. : Cic. ; v. to baffle. 6. 'e- 
 tundo, tiidi, tiisum, } (lit. to beat bacl): 
 to c. exuberant spirits, animum qui 
 diffluat r., Ter. : to c. pride, siiperbiam 
 r., Phaedr. : to c. a colleague, collegam 
 r., Tac. 7. mollio, 4 (lit. to soften: 
 hence, to tame down, moileratc) : he c.'d 
 Hannibal by his endurance, Hannibalem 
 patientia sua raolliebat, Cic. 8, sfdo, 
 I : to c. a pestilence, pestilenliam s., 
 
 Liv.: V. TO ALLAV, RESTRAIN. 9. ^e- 
 
 fiaeno, i: v. to bridle. Phr. : to c. 
 the expressUm of one's passion, aninio 
 et orationi muderari, Cic. (v. to con- 
 trol) to c. crimes, crimina resecare 
 (lit. to amputate them), Juv. |||, To 
 comjHire accounts : dl,->pungo. xi, ctum, 
 } : to c. is to compare tlie. receipts and 
 the disbursements, d. est conferre ac- 
 cepta et data, Ulp. ; r.itioiies expensorum 
 et acceptorum d.. Sen. 
 
 check {subs.) : I. Restraint, hin- 
 drance : q. V. N.B. — To be a c, aft as 
 a c. ujion, may be expressed by any of 
 the verbs for to clieck: q. v. ||, A 
 iUght rebuff: 1. inc<jmm6dum (lit. 
 disadvantage : q. v.) : to make up for 
 the c. received by tlu-ir valour, in. vir- 
 tute sarcire, Caes. (with reference to 
 Pompey's succe.^s at Dyrrachium). 2. 
 detrimentum (lit. lost: q. v.): a term 
 nsed by Caes. in the pas,s;ige above re- 
 ferred to, as synon. with incommodum- 
 B. C. TJ. 3. r6puls:i (usu. of repulse 
 17? canvassing for office : q. v. ). K i g. : 
 all passion tarns lo soilness after re- 
 ceiving a check, in trisiitinm omnis ira 
 post r. revolvitur. Sen. I'hr. : to ex- 
 perience a c, nonnihil. aliqnantnlum 
 cladis accipere (v. disaster): retundi 
 
 (v. TO CHECK, II. 6). Ill, T. t. in 
 chess: Phr.: to give c, *regi minari : 
 c. to your king, 'regi cave: v. chfx;k- 
 M.VTR. ly. A written order for the 
 payment oj money .- v. ciiEyUK. V- 
 An order for admission to a theatre, 
 etc., tessCra: Suet.: Mart. 
 
 checker ; v. ch eq u er 
 
 check-mate: Phr.; to give c, reg- 
 eni ad (extrenias) Incllas redlgere: cf 
 PI. Poen. 4, 2, 85 : 'regem undique in- 
 clusum tenere. 
 
 cheek : 1, gfina (usu. plu.) : hairy 
 c.s, pilu,sai- g., Cic. : srniHtth <:, impubi-s 
 g., Ov. ; Hor. 2. bucca (of the chi-ek 
 when puffed out with eating, speaking, 
 etc.) : to puff out the c.s, buccas sufflare. 
 Pi. ; b. inflare, Hor. (in t^)ken of pas- 
 sion): c.s dripping with while paint, 
 fluentes cenissataeque b., Cic. 3. 
 inalae, arum (prop, the cheek-bones) : c.s 
 without hair, m. impubes, Virg. 
 
 cheek-bone : 1. mala : Cels. : 
 
 Virg. 2. maxilla: Cic: Plin. 
 
 cheer («•)•■ I, Sfo gladden, en- 
 liven : 1, liTlaro, I (infreq.): to c. 
 the senses, sensus h., Cic: Ov. 2. 
 e.xlularo, i (stronger than simple verb) : 
 to c. labourers at their work, in ipso 
 opere ex. laborantes, 0)1. ; Cic. 3. 
 recreo, I : v. to revive, refri-:.sh. 4. 
 diffundo, fudi, fusum, ? (fig. : lit. to ex- 
 pand) : lo c. the mind (with wine), 
 animos d., Ov. : the opposite term is 
 contiaho: v. Cic. Am. 15, 48. 5. 
 erigo, rext, rectum, j (to lift up, raise 
 from lUspondency) : to c. the mind ivhen 
 downcast and depressed, e. animum jam 
 demissum et depressum, Cic: v. to kn- 
 colrage, gladden. Phr.: cheer up! 
 bono animo es! Cic: v. cheer {subs.) 
 II. To salute or encourage with 
 shouts: plaudo: v. TO CLAP, applaid. 
 I'hr.: that was cheered with incredible 
 enthusiasm, id incredibill clamore et 
 plausu comprobatum est, Cic. : Caesar 
 was c.'d when he refused the crown, 
 Caesar diadema cum plausu rejiciebai, 
 Cic. 
 
 cheer (subs.) .- |. a shout of joy 
 
 or approbation: 1, clamor (I he 
 
 exact sense being shown by the con- 
 text): the C.S of the .soWiers, clamor 
 militum gaudentium, Tac: / took my 
 place on the rostra amid loud cjj, maxi- 
 mo c et plausu in rostris coUocatus 
 sum, Cic. : uhat c.s he excites .' quantos 
 is plausns et clamores movet ! Cic. . v. 
 
 .ACCLAMATION. 2, plaUSUS, US : V. 
 
 applause. \\, .'itate if mind: Phr.: 
 be of good c, bono es animo, ades ani- 
 mo, Cic. : what c. ? quid tibi est animi ? 
 Cic. III. Entertainment, provisions : 
 Phr.: good c, coena lauta, Cic: poor 
 c, tenuis victus, Cic. : v. fare. 
 
 cheerful : 1. alacer, oris, ere 
 (brisk, lively, q. v.): ue are c. in dispo- 
 sition, a. animo sumus, Cic. 2. 
 hilaiis, e ; and hilarus (perh. r.ither 
 stronger than the Eiig. : v. merry): the 
 sad dislike the c, the merry, the sad, 
 oderunt hilarera trisies, tristeraque 
 jocosi, Hor.: c guests, convivae hilari, 
 Cic: a c. and gla/i countimance, vultus 
 hilarls atque laetus, Cic. : a c. life, 
 hilara vita, Cic. 3. rpmissus {un- 
 bent, relxixect) : with the gloomii to live 
 morosely, with the c. pleasantly, cum 
 tristibus severe, cum remissis jucunde 
 vlvere. Cic. 4, laetus: v. joyful. 
 
 cheerfully: I. -Werrily: 1. 
 
 hTliire : to live c, b. vivere, Cic. 2. 
 laete : v. joyfully. ||. Very wil- 
 
 lingly : 1. nbeiis, ntis (in agree, with 
 subject) : / am anxious to hear, for I 
 listen to you c , studeo audire, nam te 
 ausculto lubens, PI. : Cic. 2. lib(Mit-r; 
 Cic: Caes.; v. gladly. 3. iilacriter ; 
 Amm. 
 
 cheerfulness: 1. alacritas (Zii-e- 
 liness, briskness) : Cic. ; Liv. 2. hi'- 
 Sritas : / haoe lost for ever that c, with 
 ivhich n'e used to temper the sadness of 
 the present times, h. illim qua hanc iris- 
 tiiiam temporum condieb;imus, in per- 
 pi'tuuin amisi, Cic. 
 
 cheerless : illaetabllis, e ; iht c. 
 shore, 11, ora, Virg.: Sen.: v. sad. 
 
 cheese: 1. casgus: Cic. Caes. • 
 to press c., c. premere, Virg. : to make 
 c, c facere, Varr. ; to mould c.t, c 
 figiirare, Plin. : a small c, caseOlos, 
 Virg. 2. pressum lac : Virg. 
 
 cheese-cake : saviiium : Cato. 
 cheesemonger: ca.sMjru!n vi.,„iitor. 
 cheesepress : lorcoium ca-iamim. 
 cheesy : caseatus : Apul. 
 chemical: chemlcus: l>elbn. 
 chemise : induslum ; Varr. : a c- 
 jjK icr, niduaiarius: I'l. 
 
 chemist: 1. *chemicus. ALL. 
 
 2. *iierituscheiniae : v. ciiEMiSTBT. 
 
 3, = seller of drugs, pharniac6- 
 p6l;i, m. : Cic 
 
 chemistry: 'chemla or c:>ymia: 
 Li- i bn . 
 
 cheque: 1. perscriptlo: Cic. (cf. 
 Plir.). 2, dclfpatlo : to pay by a 
 c, delegatione et verbis sohilioncm per- 
 ticere. Sen. Phr.; / wrate vj Jm- my 
 creditors, argentum perscripsi illis qul- 
 bus dibui, Ter. : Cic. 
 
 chequer: I. Lit.: to mark or 
 arrange like a chess-board : J. quin- 
 cunciali ordine distinguere, disponere: 
 v. I'lin. 17, II, i;: cf. chequer-wise. 
 2. (In less exact sense): vario, i: 
 to '■. the disk (of the sun) with spots, 
 maculis v. orbem, Virg. ||, Fig.: to 
 vary : 1. misceo, 2 : toe. weddings 
 with mourning, luctu m. hymenaeos, 
 Virg. : V. to mingle, confuse. 2. 
 vario, 1 : v. to alternate. (The verb 
 chiefly occurs in p. part, chequered ■ 
 used as adj. : q. v.) 
 
 chequered: I, Lit.: cf. to 
 
 CHEi.(nER (1.): 1, in quincuncem j. 
 quincuuciali ordine distinctus : v. 
 CHEyuER-wisE. 2. ('" 'es* exact 
 sense): varius- c. sf<ws (of pavementa 
 wrought with mosaic, etc.), v. lapides, 
 Hor. • cornice : sides c. witli the lath, 
 latera lcri.i v., PI. : v. variegated. 
 II. Fig.: varius : c. fortune, v. 
 fortuna, Cic. : xnth c. success, varia vic- 
 toria. S.Ul. : Liv. 
 
 chequer-wise: in quincuncem (i.e. 
 as the points were arranged to denote 
 five unciae, '.•'.): to arrange c, in q. 
 dirigere, Cic ; in q. disponere. Col.: a 
 c. ai-rangem^nt, quincuncialis ordo, 
 Plin. 
 
 chequer- work : v. mosaic, tesse- 
 lated. 
 
 cherish: To treat tenderly or con- 
 suleratdi/ : 1. foveo, fovi, f 6- 
 
 tuni, I -.'hens c. their young ones with 
 their wings, gallinae pullos peniils f.. 
 Cic. : ihey c.'d my enemy, inimitum 
 meum fovebant, Cic Fig.: to f. to- 
 lents ami the arti:, ingenia et artes f.. 
 Suet. : to c. hope, spem f.. Mart. . Ov. 
 2, c61o, ui. cultum, j (less strong 
 and expressive than toveo) : Jupiter cj: 
 aiui nourishes mankind, Jupiter geiiUt 
 c alitque hominum, PI. : v. to foster. 
 Fig.: to c. Uie love of virginity, vir- 
 ginilatis amorem c, Virg. 3. am- 
 plector, plexus, ? (fig.: lit, to embrace): 
 toe. virtue, virtulera am., Cic. P|'r. ; 
 toe. animositifs u iUi anyone, inlmicitias 
 cum aliquo gerere: to c. remote hopes. 
 spem inchoare longam, Hor. : v. to en- 
 tertain. 
 
 cherisher : 1. fautor . Cic. : Hor. 
 2. cultor Cic: Liv.: Ov. (Or 
 more usu. expr. by means of verb: v. 
 preceding art) 
 
 cherry : 1. c6rasuni . Ceis. 2. 
 
 ceiasus, 1,/.; Prop.: ITm.: a c. stone. 
 Os cerasi. Pall. 
 
 cherry-tree: cCrSsus, i, ./"..• Plin.: 
 Ov. ; a dwarf c, chauiiecjrisus, 1, / - 
 
 Plin- 
 
 cherub ■ cherub, pi. chiriibim ; Hifcr. 
 
 chervil": 1. mthriscus, i, /.. or 
 anthriscum- Plin. 2. caer6151ium : 
 Plin. 
 
 chess : *scaocl, orum ; to play at c, 
 sciccos '(.«accls) ludere, Matthew of 
 Westm. : but the word is of course 
 Kirbarous, beii!g derived from the !'er- 
 siaii word lor king, shah: nnd except 
 where absolute precision Is required, the 
 general term latrunculi cprop. UttU 
 soldiers or " men ") nay be preferable : 
 U9
 
 CHEST 
 
 CHILD 
 
 CHIMERA 
 
 m c-board, scaccariumr M.Tj. (or simply 
 tabalae) ; a collection of rvorks on c, 
 bibliotheca scaccaria : M.L. 
 
 chest : I. f<"' keeping things in : 
 Mca, armarium, cista, etc. : v. box. 
 Phr. : the military c, aerarium mill- 
 tare, Tac. : v. tbeasubt. ||. The 
 cavity in the body containing the heart 
 and lungs : \, thorax, acis, m. : 
 Plin. : Cels. 2. praecordia, orum ; 
 the diaphragm separates the c. from the 
 bfXly, transversnm septum a praecordtis 
 nternm dlducit, Cels. : v. also bkeast, 
 
 BOSOM. 
 
 chestnut: 1. castanga Vlrg. : 
 Pl'n. 2. B'ans, glandis, /. .• Cic. : 
 Virg. 
 
 chestnut-tree: castanga: Col.: 
 V'lin. : a grove o^ c.-trees, castanetum, 
 Coi. 
 
 chestnut-colored; badlus: Varr. 
 
 chevaux-de-frise: 1. cervi. 
 
 orum: Caes. B. G. 7, 72: Liv. 2. 
 erioTus: Caes. B. C. j, 67. 
 
 chevalier: 2ques: v. knight. 
 
 chew: 1. mando, di, mansum, j ; 
 the food is c.'d by the teeth, and by them 
 is masticated and ground, denlibus 
 manditur, atque ab his e.xtenuatur 
 et molitur cibus, Cic. : some animals 
 swallow their food whole, others c, ani- 
 malia alia vorant, alia m., Cic. : asses c. 
 very slowly, asini lentissime m., Plin. : 
 Virg. 2, mandQco, i (less frequent) : 
 Varr.: Sen. Phr.: to c. the cud, rum- 
 ino, I : V, TO ruminate. 
 
 chicane (.subs.) .- calumnia (i. e. ma- 
 licious cKcusation or Jtse of the law: 
 malicious craft: Gr. cruicoi^ai'Ti'a) : a 
 kind of c, and excessirely ingenious 
 but malicious interpretation of law, c. 
 quaedam et nimis callida sed malitiosa 
 Juris interpretatici, Cic. Off. i, 10, jj : to 
 use <•.., c. adhibere, Cic. { N. B. — Tlie verb 
 calumnior appears to be used only in 
 its more proper sense of to accuse ma- 
 liciously. The term praevaricatio is 
 applicable only to the kind of c. which 
 consists in collusion on the part of an 
 accuser.) v. craft, artifick. 
 
 chicane ("•) -• calumniam adhibere : 
 V. subs. 
 
 chicaner: cf. chkase (subs.). N.B. 
 
 Calumniator and praevaricator appear 
 to be used only in special sense . the 
 formPT, amalicioiis accuser ■ the latter, 
 a dishonest, collusive accuser. 
 
 chicanery : v. chicank. 
 
 chick, chicken : puilus : Cic. : 
 
 Hor. : more precisely, puilus gallina- 
 ceus, Liv. Also used as a temi of en- 
 dearment ; PI. : Hor. : Suet. 
 
 chicken-pox: *varicella: M.L. 
 
 chickling- vetch : (.')cic6ra, cicer- 
 itla. Col. : V. vetck. 
 
 chick-pea: clcgr, eris, «.; Hor.: 
 Clin. 
 
 chick-weed: C?) alsine, e.s./. .• Plin. 
 
 chicory ; cicbonnm intubum • Plin. 
 
 chide : 1. incrf luto, I : having 
 added, chiding (of Romulus .slaying Re- 
 inns), qunm verbis quoque increpitans 
 at^ecisset, Liv.: c.itig the late summer 
 and loitering zephyrs, aestatem increpi- 
 tans seram, ZephjTosque morantes, 
 Virg. : V. to rebuke, rail at. 2. 
 objurgo, I (usu. to reproach, rate : q. v.) 
 friends must often be named and chid- 
 den, monendi amici saepe sunt et objur- 
 gandi, Cic. ; Cacfar c.d my modesty, 
 Caesar meam verecundiam objurgavit, 
 Cic. 2. corripTo, ripui, reptum, j (to 
 e. sharply): to c. anyone's timidity, ati- 
 cujus timidltatem c. Suet.: Ov. ; v. to 
 
 UPBRAID, BLAME. 
 
 chider (rare) : objurgator: Cic. 
 chiding (adj.): objurgatonns: a c. 
 Utter, ob. epistola, Cic. 
 chiding (subs.): objurgatlo v. re- 
 
 FBOOF. 
 
 chief (o'^j-) •' 1. primus (of that 
 which takes the precedence: only to be 
 used when the context excludes ambi- 
 guity V first) unque-HionaJbly the c. 
 man in his borough, sui municipii facile 
 primus, Cic. esp. in poet, the c. of the 
 youmg mtn, juvenum primi, Virg. • v, 
 PRINCIPAL. 2. princeps, ipis, (= pri- 
 120 
 
 mus) : the c. men in the state. In repub- 
 lica principes, Cic. : the e. place in an 
 embassy, legationis p locus, Caes. (N.B. 
 — The above words are often used sub- 
 stantively, both in sing, and pi. : v. 
 examples.) 3. primarius (first in 
 rank , first rate: q. v.) : the c. man in 
 a state, p. vir populi, Cic. 4. praecl- 
 puus (esp. of things rather than per- 
 sons ; though not solely) : v. principal. 
 5. primoris, e : in this sense rare 
 except as subs. : v. chief (subs.). 6. 
 (Only when chief = greatest) : maxlmus, 
 summus : v. gre.it. Ph r. : the c. good, 
 summuni bonum, Cic. : the c. (ultimate) 
 cause, ultima causa, Hor. : the c. dish at 
 a supper, caput coenae, Cic. • the c. ele- 
 ment nf a happy life is freedom from 
 care, caput est ad beate vivendum secur- 
 itas, Cic. : to confer thechief command of 
 a war upon am/one, ad aliquem totius 
 belli summam deferre, Caes. (v. to ap- 
 point, 5, 6) ; to him the c, civil and mi- 
 litary authority was entrusted, ei prin- 
 cipatus atque imperium est tradilum, 
 Caes. : v. FOREMOST, principal. 
 
 chief (subs.): 1, princeps, ipis : 
 the c. of tlie senate (lawful title of the 
 foremtist senator), p. senatus, Liv. : Zeno 
 u'os the founiler and c. of the Stoics, 
 Zeno inventor et p. Stoicorura fuit, Cic. : 
 the c. of a conspiracy, p. conjurationis, 
 Cic. : the c.s of states, principes civitji- 
 tum, Caes. 2. prScer, gris (esp. of 
 the ruling class ; the great ; aristo- 
 cracy : usu. inpl.) : c.s destroy Pergam- 
 um, scindunt proceres Pergamum, PI.: 
 / am reckoned among the c.s of the 
 state, ego proceribus ci vitatis annumeror, 
 Tac. • Cic: Virg. 3. primoris (strictly 
 an adj. ; but chiefly used in pi. as subs. 
 = proceres) : the c.s of the people, pri- 
 mores populi, Hor. : Juv. (also primores 
 viri, Cat.). 4. caput, itis, n. (lit. 
 
 head : hence leader, ringleader : q. v.) : 
 the c.s of the conspiracy, capita con- 
 jurationis, Liv. 5. dux, auctor, etc. : 
 V, leader, founder. N.B. — Chief, as 
 applied to one holding an office by 
 appiiintment, may often be expr. by a 
 verb: as, is qui copiis praefectus s. 
 praepositus est; cui delata est summa 
 imperii, etc. : v. to appoint. But 
 praefectus and praepositus are both 
 used substantively: as, c. of a depu- 
 tation, praepositus legatorum, Cic. : v. 
 
 COMMANDER, CAITAIN. 
 
 chiefly : 1. praeclpue : v. prin- 
 cipally. 2. maxime : v. mo.st. 3. 
 imprimis: v. especiallv. (N.B. —Not 
 potissiinum ; %vhich signifies not degree, 
 but absolute prelerence. Thus, quo 
 potissimum accedam, is, " wha-e of all 
 places shall I choose to go to;" not 
 •' nhere chiefly.") 
 
 chieftain: dux: Tac. Ger. 7. In 
 pi., pr6ceres, primOres : v. chief (subs.) 
 
 chilblain : 1. pernio, onis, m. : 
 Plin. 2. pemlunctilus (a small c); 
 Plin. 26, II, 66. 
 
 child : 1. puer, eri (as the corre- 
 lative to adult : when se.x is not soe- 
 cified) : infant children's cradles, infan- 
 tium puerorum incunabula, Cic. : to be 
 ignorant of nhat happaied befire you 
 were born is to be altrays a c, ne.scire 
 quid antea quam natus sis accident, id 
 est semper esse puerum, Cic. : Hor. 
 2, infans, ntis, c. . prop, only of chil- 
 dren as yet unable to speak (v. infant) : 
 but also sometimes used, esp. in later 
 Latin, of young children generally ; in- 
 fans pner novem annorum : Inscr. ap. 
 Forceil. s. v. 3> filius, a male c; 
 f ilia, a female c. : with reference to the 
 parents; and of course only capable of 
 being used when the sex is known . v, 
 Eov, GIRL. 4. In pi. only ; libgri, 
 orum (as the correlative to parents) : 
 parents with their c, parentes cum libe- 
 ria, Caes. : to beget c, liberos procreare, 
 Cic. : he had c. by the daughter of V. 
 f'abius, is e.-i C. Fabii filia liberos ha- 
 buit, Cic. dear c, dulces liberi, Hor. 
 5. natl, orum (like liberi, but 
 chiefly in poets): the affertion which 
 exists betvKcn c. and parents, caritas 
 quae est inter nates et parentes, Cie. : 
 
 the mothers tremblingly pressea their 0. 
 to their breasts, trepide matres pressere 
 ad pectora natos. Virg. Phr.: the wo- 
 man was with c, mulier erat gravida, 
 Cic. (v. pregnant): to get ivith c, gra- 
 vidam facere. Per. ; praegnantem facere, 
 Juv. ; to be with c, panum ferre, Plin. : 
 V. offspring, infant, etc. 
 childbearing: partus, isi Cia; t. 
 
 CHILDBIRTH. 
 
 childbed: puerperlum: nearest 
 term v. childbirth. Phr.: a woman 
 in c, pueipeia. Cat. : Plin. . to die in c, 
 •interpartum. Inter partus (uteri) dolorea 
 exstingui. 
 
 childbirth ; 1. puerperium the 
 perils of c, pericula puerperii, Plin. : 
 protracted c, diutinum p., Gell. 2, 
 partus, lis : after c, ex or a. partu. CJels. 
 3, Lflclna (only poet.); the labours 
 of c, Lucinae labores, Virg. ; Ov Phr.: 
 charms that facilitate c, verba puerpera, 
 Ov. : the pains of c, utero exoni do- 
 lores, PI. 
 
 childhood : 1. pfiSritia : from c, 
 a pueritia, Cic. ; Sail. : Tac. 2. in- 
 fantia (prop, infancy , but extended so 
 as to comprehend about the first seven 
 years of life : v. child, 2) • so much as 
 is snatched from c. is gained for youth, 
 quantum infantiae praesumptum est, 
 adolescentiae acquiritur. Quint. 3. 
 Expr. by circuml. : as, puerilis aetas, 
 puerile tempus, pueriles anni : v. child- 
 ish. Phr.; from c, a puero, or (in 
 speaking of more than one person), a 
 pueris, Cic. ; a teneris ungniculis (a 
 Greek idiom), Cic. ; de tenero ungul, 
 Hor. ; a tenero, Quint. ; in teneris, Virg. ; 
 a primo tempore aetatis, Cic. ; a parvo, 
 Liv. ; a parvulo, Ter. ; ab infante, Col.; 
 prima ab infantia, I'ac. 
 
 childish: I. Pertaining to a 
 
 child: pijerilis, e: a c. appeunince, p, 
 species, Cic. ; c. age, p. aetas, lie. : a c. 
 amusement, p. delectatio, Cic: c. (dis- 
 eases, p. morbi, Cels. II, Puerile, silly: 
 1, puerilis. e: a c. opinion, pu 
 sententia, Ter. : a c. plan, p. consilium, 
 Cic. 2. infans, ntis: all those things 
 were c, ilia omnia fuere infantia, Cic. 
 Phr.: a c. person, homo bulla dignus, 
 Juv. 
 
 childishly: pueriliter PI.: Cic. 
 
 childishness: pueriutas: Sen. 
 
 childless : orbus (of one who once 
 had children: bereft): a c. old man, 
 orbus senex, Cic. : the c. woman sat 
 down among her lifeless sons and daugh- 
 ters, orba resedit exaiiimes inter natos 
 natasque, Ov. Phr.: to bee, esse sine 
 liberis, Gai.; nuUos habere liberos. Cic. 
 
 childlike: pfifirilis, e c. simplicity, 
 p. siniplicitas, Liv. (? infans: Hor. S. I, 
 6, 57, infans pudor). 
 
 chill (subs.). I. Slight cold: fri- 
 gusculum : Tert. (or perh. better, ali- 
 quantulum, nonnihil frigoris: v. cold). 
 Phr.: iiater with the c. off, aqua ege- 
 lida. Cels. ||, The cold fit that pre- 
 cedes fever, etc.: horror- Cic: Cels. 
 
 ciaiKadj.): frigidiilus: Virg. (Carm. 
 niin.): v. COLD. To proM) c, frigescere ; 
 Lucr. 
 
 chill (i') •• rgfrlgero, I : uic: Pliu.* 
 
 V. TO COOL. 
 
 chilliness : v. coldness. Phr.-. 
 there is a c. in the air, *nonnihU frigoris 
 spirant aurae ; frigescit aer. 
 
 chilling (O'lj.): algificns (rare): 
 Gell. (May usu. be expr. with sufficient 
 nearness by frjgidus, gelidus; v cold, 
 icy.) 
 
 chilly) '• e. very susceptible of cold • 
 alsiosus : Varr. : Plin. 
 
 chime (subs.): \. Harmony: con- 
 cenius, us v. concert. ||. In pt.. 
 tunes played by a set of bells . *campa- 
 narum cantus. 
 
 chime («•): I. 7^ sound: used ot 
 the tunes played by a set of bells : cino, 
 cgcTnl, cantum, j : v. to sound. j|. 
 To chime in:i. e. to say something ao- 
 cordant with what ivas already said, 
 succlno, J he call s aloud give-me food: 
 another c.s in, and to me too, damat, vlo 
 turn date ; succinlt alter, «t mihi, Hor. 
 
 chimera (« creature of t/na^ino- 
 
 1
 
 CHIMERICAL. 
 
 CHOOSE 
 
 CHRONICLK 
 
 tion ; U8U. of what ib fearful or disagree- 
 able) : coramentum : Cic. : Ov. : v. fic- 
 tion. Perhaps better portentum com- 
 iiMnticiuni : v. iMA(;iNAKy ; thantom. 
 chimerical : vSnus, commenticlus : 
 
 V. EMITV, IMAUIKABV. 
 
 Chimner: I. ^ fire-plaee (obso- 
 lete except In the con)|iouinis c.-comer, 
 c.-piecf) : camlnus : Cic. : Hur. ||, 
 A patsage for the conveyance of smokf 
 (which was not constructed in lioinan 
 buildings) : •ductus or caiialis funiarius 
 (rumi): M. h. 
 
 chimney-corner: locus: v. iikakth. 
 
 chimney-piece : *opiis liKueum 
 marniorcumve cjiuino appi>situm. 
 
 chimney-sweeper: *qui ductus s. 
 oanalt s tumarlos detergct. 
 
 chimpanzee: (?) sat^us: Plin. i, 
 
 I, 2 (me<i.). 
 
 chin: mentum : Cic: Plin. 
 
 china {udj.) -. murrhlnus or niurreus 
 (it seems hiRl'ly probable that by this 
 term was denoted our "china:" v. liict. 
 Ant. p. 769 b.) : a c. ladU. murrhiiia 
 iruUa, Pliu. ; c. cups, niurrea pocula, 
 Prop, (who with the looseness ot jweti- 
 luil allusion, ascribes iheir manufacture 
 to the Parthlans : 4 (5). 5, zb) : v. roB- 
 
 JELAFN. 
 
 china (s"**.).- 1. murrlia (the 
 substance') : Mart. 2. miirrhina, oruni 
 (the articles made from it): v. preced- 
 ing art. 
 
 chine : tergum . a c.of beef, t. bovis. 
 Virg. 
 
 chink (subs.) : \. A pssure : rinia : 
 a iiarruiv c, r. angusUi, Hor. : to stop up 
 C.S, r. explere, Cic. P li r. : to gape open 
 in C.S, fatiscere, Virg. (also, rimis fatis- 
 cere, Virg.) • v. fisslbe, cleft. ||. 
 A souml.as of money rattled : tinnitus, 
 
 us : V. TINKLING, 
 chink ("■): tinnio, 4 : v. TO JINGLE. 
 
 chinky : rimosus : v. leaky. 
 
 chintz: *te.\tilia xylTna variis color- 
 Ibus impressa or signata. 
 
 chip (subs.). • 1. assula (applied to 
 C.8 either of uood or of stove) : c.s cut 
 aivaij by the axe, a. quae sunt securlbus 
 excussae, Tert, : c.s of marble, caementa 
 marmorea sive a. dicuntur, Vitr. : PI. 
 
 2, segnien, tnis, «. : v. pa kings. 
 
 3, schidiae, arum (Gr. o-xiSio) : c.s 
 of pine-nood, taedae s., Vitr. 4. cao- 
 mentuin (of c.s of stone): Vitr. (I.e. 
 iupr.). Prov. phr. : a c. of the old 
 block, *puer parenti siniilis. 
 
 chip ("■)•■ assulas (ligno. lapidi) se- 
 curi excutere, dejicere : v. cHir (subs.) , 
 and TO HEW. 
 
 chirp ('•■)■• 1. pipio. 4: "<« 
 chickens c, puUi p.. Col. 2. pipilo, 
 I : the sparrow used to c. continually to 
 its mistress alone, passer ad solam do- 
 minam usque piptlabat. Cat. 3. stri- 
 ileo, dl, 2 (not of birds) : the cricket c.s, 
 «ryllus s., Plin. 
 
 chirp, chirping (subs.): pipatus, 
 
 us: the c.of young birds. \>. pullorum, 
 V'arr. 
 
 chirping (arfj): 1. argutus- c 
 grasshoppers, ar. clcadae. Mart. 2. 
 garrulus (prop, chattering) : a c. gras.<- 
 hopper, g. cicada, Phaedr. 
 
 chisel (subs) : 1, scalprum (appy. 
 ihe nearest to the EiigUsb, but used for 
 a greater variety of purposes than our 
 chisel): a nmson's (or caipenter's) c, 
 fabrile s., Liv. 2. caelum : used by 
 the engraver: v. graveb. 
 
 chisel ("•) •• scalpro caedere : v. to 
 
 OARVE, CUT. 
 
 chitterlings: lacte.s. ium. /..- Pi.; 
 I'lin. 
 
 chivalrous: pert'- magniinimus: 
 Virg.: V. bkave. 
 
 chivalrousness : magnus, celsus, 
 erectus animus : v. coubagf,. 
 
 chivalry: I, Kwgldhooil: eques- 
 tris dignitas, Nep. ||. TUe body of 
 knights : ordo equestris, Cic. 
 
 chive: caepa: V. ONION. 
 
 chlorate : *chloras, atis, m. : M. L. 
 
 chloride : *cliloruielum ; M. Ij. 
 
 chlorine : •chlSrina, /., or dilorum, 
 n.: M. I.. 
 
 chocolate : •chocolatum . Jl. L. 
 
 choice (eubt.): I. The act or 
 
 power if cluMsing : \. expr. by part, 
 of verb: as, careful in tlie c. of word*. 
 cautus in verbis deligendis: to make a 
 
 c, dcligere, eligere, etc. t v. to choose. 
 
 2, delectus, us (e-sp. when care and 
 judgment are implied) not to be guided 
 to a judgjiumt by any c. ur viisdom, nou 
 
 d. aliquo aut gapientia duel ad Judican- 
 <lum, Cic. : to exercise c.about anytliiny. 
 in alli|ua re d. habere, ad aliquam rem 
 d. aciliibere.Cic. 3. electlo (=delec- 
 tus but less freq.): thee, of vixmU, e. 
 verborum, Cic. : Veil. 4. optlo (only 
 of thnpower of choosing) : the c. is yours, 
 op. tua est, PI. ■ to give anyone a c, ali- 
 cui op. dare, potestateni o.que allcui 
 faeere ut eligat, Cic. ||. The thing 
 c/iosen : expr. by verb : as. to live con- 
 tent with the lot whicli i- our c, quain 
 sibl hortem ratio dederlt, Ilia contmtimi 
 vlvere, Hor. ; vltae electione propria 
 contentum esse, cf. Tac. Ann. 6, ii 
 that nook is my c. hefo)-e all others, ille 
 terrarum mlhi praeter omnes angulus 
 ridct, Hor. : quick in wearying of its c, 
 (of youth), amata relinquere pernix, 
 Hor. 
 
 choice (adj.): I. Well chosen, 
 
 superiin' in (inaliti/ : 1. lecius: PI., 
 c. i':ords, 1. verba. Cic. 2, elcctus : c. 
 nords, e. verba, Cic. ■ the choicest men 
 of the state, viri elcctisslmi civitatis, 
 Cic. 3, exquisltus (searched for with 
 care): c. viands, e. epulae, Plin.. v. 
 
 EXQUISITE, FAR-FETCHED. 4. C""" 
 
 quisitus (of things brought togethei) 
 the tables nere heaped with the choicest 
 viands, mensae conquisitissimis epulis 
 exstruebantur, Cic. : Quint. : v. excel- 
 lent. II, Selecting with care ; P h r. : 
 he is very c. in his company, homo est 
 paucorum bominum, Tcr. : Hor. : c. and 
 careful in the setting of his tiords. in 
 verbis tenuis cautusque serendis, Hor. 
 A. i'. 46: v. careful. 
 
 choicely: exquisiie: Quint, 
 
 choiceness : v. e.kceli.ence, .supe- 
 RIORITV. I'lir. : remarkable for the c. 
 of his words, *propter verborum delec- 
 lum inslgnis: v. choice. 
 
 choir: |. a land of singers : ch5- 
 rus canentium : the leader of a r., ma- 
 glster cliorl canentium. Col. : (or simply 
 chorus, where thi> context helps to fi.x 
 the precise meaning). ||, A part of 
 a church : apsis or absis, idis,/. : Isid. 
 
 choke: A. Trans.. I. 7b stop 
 respiration : 1. strangulo, i : c.d by 
 a pear, piro strangulatus. Suet. : Cels. 
 M e t o n. : ivy c.s trees, hedera arbores s., 
 Plin. : to c. crops, sata s.. Quint. 2. 
 sutfoco, I : too thick saliia c.s him. eum 
 crasslor saliva s.. Sen. Me ton.: toe. a 
 vine, i. e. impede its growth, %itcm s.. 
 Quint. II. To block up, obstruct: q. v. 
 B. In trans.: expr. by the pas- 
 sive forms of the above verbs. 
 
 Choler : I. «!'«: q. v. ||. An- 
 ger: stoinachus, ira : v. angeb. 
 
 choleric : irScundus, cerebrosus : 
 Cic. . Hor. : V. pa.ssionate, irascible. 
 
 choose: A. Trans. |, To 
 
 select : 1. lego, legi, lectum, J : to c. 
 jurymen, judicos 1., Cic. : to c. men for 
 liar, vlros ad betla 1., Ov. But the 
 comps. are more frequent. 2. deligo, 
 ! ■ to c.a place for a camp, locum cas- 
 trls d., Caes. : to c. a sharer of one's 
 military authority, socium sibi imperii 
 d., Liv. 3. eligo, ! (laying stress on 
 the selection frrrni ammigst others): of 
 evils to c. the least, e.v malls minimum e., 
 Cic. ■ I chose you two as my chief friends, 
 vos duos elegi quos praecipue colerem, 
 Cic. 4. <'pt^>, I (esp. in poets) : to c. 
 leaders, duces op., Virg. : to c. a spot for 
 a kinydimi. op. locum regno, Virg. : let 
 him c. which of the two he prefers, optet 
 utrum malit, Cic. 5. cuplo, cepl, 
 
 c;iptum, 5 (only when the context fixes 
 Ihe sense); [ c. you ns my patron, te 
 mihi patron um capio, Ter. : v. to take. 
 II, To selei't for an oli'ce lego, 
 deligo. elieo ; creo, coopto, etc. : v. to 
 elect, appoint. B. In trans.: to be 
 i^more) willing (q. v.): mulo: v. to 
 
 PREFER. 
 
 chop t"-) ■ I. Trans.: of cuffing i 
 
 d51o ; dolabra ;. a.scia caedo : v. to hsw 
 
 ||. intrans. : of the wind: to 
 
 change suddenly : *rep«-nle se vertere 
 
 convertcre : v. to vekr bound. |||. 
 
 UbSol. to BUV, CHAFFER: q. V. 
 
 — in pieces or up : minute, minn- 
 tatim ooncido ; v. to cot hi pieces ; 
 and foil, art 
 
 off: 1. detninco, i : esp. of 
 
 the head, d. caput, Ov. ; to c. off the uing 
 of a queen bee, regl apum alam d., Plin. 
 2. dedolo, 1 . to c. up small, assu- 
 latlni d., PI. : V. to hew. 3. abscido, 
 praeeido (to cut off the extrem ity) : v. TO 
 CUT off. 
 
 chop (subs.) : I. e. o piece of meat : 
 1. 6fella: Mart. 2. offa; apark 
 c, offa porcina, Paul ap. Kest. 
 
 chop-house : pOpina (cook-she^) ■ 
 caupona (inn). 
 
 chopper : (a butcher's implement) : 
 dolabra; Dig. 
 
 choral : symphonT&cus : c. artt, arlea 
 s., Amob. (Or expr. by cboii, ad 
 thorum fiertinens. etc. ■ v. choib.) 
 
 chord: I. ^ string (musical): 
 
 chorda, nervu> ; in pi. fides, ium : v. 
 stbing. II. Jlus. t.t.; certain tones 
 combined according to the laws-of har- 
 mony : consonantia (?) : v. harmony. 
 III. Jn geometry: basis. Is, /. : Uie 
 c. of an arc, b. arcus, Col. 
 
 chorister: 1. symphonlicus ho- 
 mo or servus: cf. Cic. Mil. 2i, jj. 2. 
 uiiiis e canentium choro: canentium 
 cboro ascriptus, etc.: v. choir. 
 
 chorographer : chorographus : Vitr. 
 
 chorography: cborographia; Vitr. 
 
 choroid (adj.) : *choroideus : the c. 
 meinbiant, membrana c, M. L. 
 
 chorus : I. -^ band of singers or 
 danceis: chorus (Greek term): Cic. : 
 Virg. P h r. : the place y.here the c. uus 
 trained, choragium, Vitr. : the superin- 
 tendent of a c. choragus, PI. ||. A 
 piece of cliordl music: sympliunia, con- 
 centus: v. concert, harmonv. Phr.: 
 to join in c, concino, j : v. to sing to- 
 gether. 
 
 enough: *corvus garrulus : Linn. 
 
 Christ : Chrlstus : lac. : Plin. Kp. 
 
 christen: v. to bapti/.e. 
 
 Christendom: o^^<^ terrarum Chris- 
 tiauus; cuiicti Christiani, etc. 
 
 christian : I. As adj. .- Christli- 
 nus: o (■'. sacrament, C. sacramentum, 
 Tert: the C. religion, religio C, Pert 
 Phr.: the C. church, Christi etxiesia, 
 Tert. : a C. name, *praenomen. or no- 
 men in baptismo inditum. ||. As 
 subs.: Christlanus : Tac.- I'lin. 
 
 Christianity ; 1. Christiana reli- 
 gio; Tert. 2. Chris iaria disciplina: 
 Tert. 3. Cliristianismus ; Tert. 
 
 Phr.: to profess C. chri^tianlzare, TeM. 
 (but better expr. by (idem Chri>tianam 
 or Christi profiterl, sequi). 
 
 christianize: ex ethiiicisCliristianos 
 
 faeere, Tert. 
 
 Christianly: Christiane; Aug 
 
 Christmas : *fesium nativltatl* 
 CHirisii; sacrum Christi natalis anniver- 
 sarium ; soHcmnia Christi naialiila (from 
 Kr.) Phr.: to keep C, festum nativ- 
 itatisChr. celebrare a vierry C, vere 
 festi dies apud sollemnia Chr. nat: 
 C.-eve, dies proxinius ante festum, etc. 
 
 Christmas-day: 'ChrisU dies na- 
 talis. 
 
 Christmas-carol: •cantlcum de die 
 Christi natal i. 
 
 Christ's- thorn (a plant): (?) pauu- 
 
 rus ; Virg. 
 
 chromatic (musical t. t.) .- chromu- 
 tlcus : Vitr. Phr.: the c. scaU, cbroxsiA, 
 atis, n. : Vitr. : the science of cj, chrft- 
 maticC : Vitr. 
 
 chrome : chromium : M. L. 
 
 chronic: chrOnicus; c. diseaset, c 
 morbi, Coel. Aur. (the title of a work 
 on them). 'I'he same notion may be less 
 exactly and technically expr. by longua, 
 diuiumus, tardus . v. protracted, 
 slow. Phr.: he is^sutfering fiam a e. 
 want of money, *ex soiita pe<'uniae Ino- 
 pia laborat . v. wonted. 
 
 chronicle (tuin.); esp. in pL: dirl^ 
 III
 
 CHRON TCLE 
 
 CIRCUIT 
 
 CIRCUMLOCUTIOW 
 
 nlci Ubri : Gell. ; also, chrOnlca, onim : 
 Plin. : V. also annam. 
 
 chronicle (»•)•• *ordine temporum 
 Bervato referre ; in annates refcrre : v. 
 
 TO KEUITE, RECORD. 
 
 chronicler: l. annalium scriptor. 
 2. chr5n6graphus : Sidon. 
 
 chronolo^er, chronologist : tem- 
 porum ratioms pgritus m studiosus. 
 
 chronological: Phr. : toseeeverr/- 
 thinf) at a glavce arranged in c. order, 
 expiicatis ordinibus temporum, uno in 
 conspectu omnia videre, Cic. Bnit. 4, 15 : 
 preserving c. order, conservatis nota- 
 tisque temporibiis, Cic. ; servato temporis 
 ordine, Plin. Kp. : by a c. error, chronico- 
 rum errore, Plin. : to depart from c. 
 order, perturbare aetatum (temporum) 
 ordinem, Cic. 
 
 chronologically : '• e. in chrmolo- 
 
 gical order : v. preceding art. 
 
 chronology : 1. aetatum (tempor- 
 um) ordo ; rerum gestarum et memoriae 
 veteris ordo. Cic. 2. ratio temporum : 
 c. refutes Plin>/, Plinium arguit r. tem- 
 porum. Suet. Cal. 8. Phr.: o refcm 
 in c, emendatio temporum, Scalig. 
 
 (Comp. CHBONOI/XJICAL.) 
 
 chronometer : *chr6n6metrum; M.L. 
 
 chrysalis: chrysallis. idls,/. .- Plin. 
 
 Chrysoberyl: chr>s6beryUus: Plin. 
 
 ChrySOCOlla: chr>>6colla : Plin. 
 
 chrysolite : thrysSlithus, i, m. and 
 /..• Plin. 
 
 Chrysoprase: cbrysoprasus : Plin. 
 
 chub: *l>euciscusceplialus: Fleming. 
 
 chubby: babltus, pinguis : v. plump, 
 STOUT. Phr.: Cupid's c. cheek, Cu- 
 pldinis buccula, Apul. 
 
 chnck : v. cluck. 
 
 chuckle («•) ■■ pressa voce et quasi 
 singultim cachinnare (?) : v. to laugh. 
 
 chump : stipes, Itls, m. : V. stump. 
 
 church: I. The whole bodi/ of 
 Christians, or some particular subdiid- 
 tion of them, especially in reference to 
 their belief and discipline: also, the 
 recognized authorities in the church : 
 ecelesia: the c. of Christ, ec. Christi, 
 C^pr. : the uniti/ of the Catluilic c 
 catholicae e. unitas, Cypr. : the true 
 and only baptism of the c, venini et 
 unicum eccleslae baptismum, Cypr. : he 
 who hat not been ordained in the c, 
 can in no wise have or hold a c. (as its 
 pastor), habere aut tenere ecclesiam 
 nullo modo potest, qui ordinatus in ec- 
 elesia non est, Cypr. II, The building: 
 
 Hor. 
 
 BELT, 
 
 chum ("•)• butyrum lacte jactando 
 s. agitando facere : cf. Plin. ut supr. 
 
 chyle: 'chylus: M.L. 
 
 chyme: chymus: Seren. Sam. (al. 
 chylus). 
 
 cicatrix : cicatrix : V. SCAR. 
 
 cicatrize: I. Trans.: Phr : a 
 
 medicinal application which c.s, medica- 
 mentnm cicatricem inducens, Cels. : the 
 wouTid is c.'d, vulneri cicatrix inducitur, 
 Cels.: to c. a voiind, plagam ail cica- 
 tricem perducere, Cels. ||. In trans.: 
 Phr.; the uound is beginning to c, ad 
 cicatricem vulnus intendit, Cels. : the 
 uound c.s, ad cicatricem plaga per- 
 venit, Cels. 
 
 cicerone: dux: v. guide. 
 
 cider : hydromelum : Isid. : vinum 
 ex malis factum C-il. 
 
 Cimetar : acinaces, 
 Curt. 
 
 cincture : cinctus, 
 
 GIRDLE. 
 
 cinder : clnis, iUvilla, tarbo : v. 
 
 ASHES, charcoal 
 
 cinnabar : minium : Prop. : Plin. 
 Phr.: a c.-miwe, mlniarium metallum ; 
 miniarium ; or miniaria, Plin. 
 
 cinnamon : climamSmum or cin- 
 namum : PI. : Plin. Phr.: c.-ointment, 
 unguentum cinnamoiiinum. Plin. 
 
 cinquefoil : 1- pentapetes, is, n. : 
 Plin. 2. quinqugfolium : Cels. : Plin. 
 
 cipher: I. The arithmetical sign 
 Cff nonentity : *nota arithmetica omnem 
 numerum abesse significans. Fig.: 
 numgnis : ve are cs, and born to con- 
 sume what others produce, nos nuinerus 
 sumus, et fruges consuniere iiati, Hor. : 
 mei-e c.s, homines nihili, PI : Varr. 
 II. A secret mannei- of writing : 
 1. n6ta : to write in c, per notas 
 scribere. Suet, (or simply, notare. Quint. : 
 Suet.). 2. scribendi latebra: Gell. 
 3. scriptum furtivum : Gell. 
 
 circle {subs.) ■. \, a geometrical 
 
 figure, or what is arranged in such a 
 figure : 1. circWus : the outer c. of 
 the walls, c. muri exterior, Liv. : the 
 stars complete their c s and orbits, stellae 
 c. suos orbesque conficiunt, Cic. : the 
 arctic c, c. septentrionalis, Varr. : Sen. 
 
 (sometimes in combination with orbls): 
 the stars perform their c.s vith wort' 
 derful swiftness, stellae c. suos orbesque 
 conficlunt mirabili celeritale, Cic. : v. 
 circle. Phr; to nia'i-e a c. circumire 
 (with ace), circumagi, obire: v. to 
 go round; tkavkrse. ||, The pe- 
 riodical journey of judges ei c. : Phr.: 
 to go on c, ad conventus agendos cir- 
 cumire, bast d on Caes. : Cic. : v. assizes: 
 or perhaps, •juri dicundo conventus 
 obire. 
 
 circuitous: flexuosns: a e. passage, 
 iter f., Cic; Val. Max. More usu. expr. 
 by a prep, in composition : as, to seek 
 glory by a c. course, circuitu gloriam 
 petere. Curt. (cf. circuit. 1.): to ta'.e a 
 c.route, circumagi, Hor. ; to make one's 
 vay out by c. paths, per anfractus egredi, 
 Petr. : a c. rnode of expressiwi, circiiitio, 
 ambages : Ter. : Cic. : v. circumlo- 
 cution. 
 
 circular (a^lj) ■■ rStundus V. round. 
 More precisely, rotundus ut circino cir- 
 cumactus (circumductus), cf. Caes. B. G. 
 I, ?8. (Circularis is not found in any 
 good author.) Phr.: a c. figure or 
 course, orbis (v. circle) : c. leaves, folia 
 circinatae rotunditatis, Plin. (but the 
 adj. is rare). 
 
 circular (.subs.): literae circum (op- 
 pida, cives, etc) missae, dimissae : cf. 
 Suet. Ner. 4"7. 
 
 circularly: 1. in orbem (with 
 feni, agi, etc.) : cf. circle. 2. cir- 
 ciiiatim: Cuel. Aur. 3. orbiciilatim : 
 Plin. 
 
 circulate: I. I n trans. : Phr.: 
 the blood cs through the veins into every 
 part of the body, sanguis per venas in 
 omne corpus diftunditur, Cic. : the sap 
 c.s through the branches, cibus per ramos 
 diffunditur, Lucr. Fig.: unfavourable 
 rumours c.d, graves rumores sparsi sunt, 
 Cic : Virg. : heat c.s through silver, per- 
 manat calor argentum, Lucr. ||. 
 
 Trans.: to spread; esp. of reports: 
 spargere in vulgum, Virg.; palam fac- 
 ere : V TO I'UBLISH. 
 
 circulation: Phr.: the e. of the 
 
 hloo I, *sanguinls circiilatio, M. L. : to 
 be in c. {of bofiks), in manibus esse, 
 Hor.: to go out of c, obsOlescere; v. 
 
 2. orbis, is, m. (the most usu. word 
 to denote am/thing round): to tn-irl a •. ob.«olete (to become). 
 sling in a c, fundiim in orbem torqnere, \ cirCUmcise : 1. CgSnitalla) cir- 
 
 Cic. : to ride in a c, equitare in orbem, j cumcido, cidi, sum, ? : Tac 2. cr- 
 Ov : thee, of a whnel, o. rotae, Ov. : the cumsfco, sectuni, 1 : Suet. 
 soldiers arranged themselves in a c.,\ cirCUmcised (;>«»■{. aJ;.) : 1. cir- 
 1 ecelesia (but n6t in the earliest I miUtes in orbem constlterunt, Caes. I cumsisus: Vulg 2. curtus: «A« c. 
 
 oeriodV Amm Cypr. 2 basilica I Vimin.: orbiculus, a small c. : esp. of i Jews, c. Judael, Hor. 3. rScutitus; 
 
 (esp. of larger c.s)': Sulp. Sev. (The wheels: Cato: Plin. 3. gyms (esp. of j Mart. : Petr^ 4._verpus (as subs. • « 
 
 terms templum, aedes, sacellum are also [ the wheeling, circular movements made 
 
 used of places of Christian worship: v. 
 
 temple, CHAPEL.) 
 
 church: (o^J-)-" ecclgsiasticus ; v. 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL. 
 
 church-rates : *vectigal aedissacrae 
 conservandae causa impositum. 
 
 church-wardens : "duumviri rebus 
 paroeciae ecclesiasticis curandis. 
 
 church -yard (tl^e ^P^ce armmd a 
 church): arfia; Tert. ; v. ckmeterv. 
 
 churl: homoinbiimanus: Ter. : Cic: 
 v. boor; and foil, art, 
 
 churlish : 1. inhumanus : old men 
 neither ill-lempered nor c, nee difficiles, 
 nee in. senes, Cic: Ter. 2. impor- 
 tiinus : a c. and disagreeable wife, uxor 
 im. atque incoramoda, PI. : a c. old 
 man, senex im., Ter. (Inhinnanus im- 
 plies absence of kindly feeling : impor- 
 tunus positive churlishness.) 3. 
 
 agre.stis, e ; v. boorish. 
 
 churlishly : 1. tnhumamter : Cic. : 
 V. uncoiirteously. 2. illiberaliter: 
 v. ungenerously. 3. Importune : 
 
 asxi.= improperly, unseasonabhi :_ q. v. 
 
 churlishness: 1. inhilmanitas : 
 (Jic 2. importunttas : Cic. ( For the 
 distinction, cf. churlish. The two are 
 combined by Cic. : " importunitas antem 
 atque inhumanitas omni aeiati mol-esta 
 est," de Sen. ?.) 3, mores inhumani, 
 difficiles, illibprales, etc. v. churlish. 
 
 chum (subi.) : vas ad butyrum fac- 
 iendum ; cf. Plin. N. H. 28, 9, ??; 
 where a description of a kind of chum 
 is given. 
 122 
 
 by animals: v. to wheel round): bees 
 perform cs in their flight, apes volatu 
 gyros edunt, Plin.; "so, gyros trahere, 
 Virg.; g. ducere, Ov. Fig.: v. com- 
 pass. Phr.: the common people stand- 
 ing in a c, vulgi stante corona, Ov. : he 
 drew a c. round him as he stood. wiOi a 
 
 c person): Juv. (The last three words 
 used scornfully.) 
 
 circumcision : circnmcisio : Lact. 
 
 circumference: I. In strict geom. 
 sense: pgripheria (Gr. irepi<()€'peta): Ca- 
 pell. (In purer Litrn extrema circi- 
 natlo; extrema circinationis linea: cf. 
 Vitr. 9, 8 : linea circumcurrens quae 
 
 stick, virgula stantem circumscripsit, ] orbem efficit. Quint) ||. In looser 
 Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 2! (but of course an exact | sense : the outline of a rounded fgure 
 
 circle is not meant): to describe a c, \ 
 circinationem circuli describere, Vitr. ; 
 ducere rotmidam circinationem, Vitr. 
 II, Compass, circuit (q. v.). |||, 
 A group of persons : 1. circiilus : v. 
 GROUP. 2. cQrona; Cic: l..iv. : Ov. 
 Phr.: in the family c.,dom\; una cum 
 suis: V. at home: I find my only plea- 
 sure in the family c, privata modo et 
 domestica nos delectant, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 
 6 : to have a wide c of friends, in 
 magna celebritate amicorum vivere, 
 versari, cf. Cic. Off. ?, i, J. |V. I" 
 argument : Phr.- to argue in a c , 
 *quasi gyro quodam in argumentando 
 uti ; vitio quodam argumentandi quae 
 sumpta sunt pro argumentis adhibere : 
 (not eodem revolvi, as given by Kraft, 
 etc., which means to come or amount to 
 the fame thing) 
 circle (f )•• ^- to encircle. 
 
 circlet : circulus (parvus) : v. CIRCLE. 
 
 circuit : I. Movement round : \, 
 circultus, lis : a long c, longus c, Virg. : 
 to march an army by a c. of 40 miles, 
 milliuni XL circuitu ejiercitum ducere 
 
 1. ambitus, lis : the c of a shield, 
 am. pamiae, Plin. : the c of a lake, am. 
 lacu^. Suet. 2. circuitio: a c. of 
 
 three cubits each, c. temorum cubitorum, 
 Vitr. 
 
 circumflex (accent): 1. circiim- 
 flexus: Donat 2. inflexus : CapelL 
 (used also by Cic. ; but with ref. 10 the 
 sound, not the mark). Phr.: a syllable 
 V ith the c. accent, syllaba clrcumflexa, 
 Gell. 
 
 circumfluent: 1. circumfluns. 
 the c. water, c. humor, Ov. • the c. sea, 
 c. mare, Plin. 2. circumfusus (lit 
 poured or pouring itsdf round) : Ov. 
 
 circumjacent: clrcumjacens : faa 
 (or perh. better, quod circa, circum est; 
 
 V. ABOtTND). 
 
 circumlocution: 1. circumift- 
 
 cutio: Quint.: Gell. 2. pSriphrSsi^ 
 is,/.: Quint. 3. ambitus, is: (with 
 some defining word) : to ^c/ness a thing 
 by c, per am. verborum rem nuntiare. 
 Suet : Liv. 4. circuTtus, im (like 
 ambitus, with some defining word) : to 
 express anything) by c, Jier circultus 
 
 Caes. (v. CIRCUITOUS). 2. circulus loqni allquid. .Mart. • c.«, cil'niitus verb-
 
 CIRCUMNAVIGATE 
 
 CIT Y 
 
 CLA IM 
 
 •nun, Cic 5. ambages, is,/., (In sing. 
 only abl.-; pi. complete: egp. used of 
 the darh, aminyuous phrase employed 
 byoratles: v. ambigiiti) : Virg. : Llv. 
 Phr. : very many things are without 
 names, so that they mmt be expressed 
 eitlier by figures or by c, res plurimae 
 carent appcllatioiiibus, ut ens necesse 
 sit translerre aut circumire, yiiiiit. 
 
 circumnavigate: circumvehor.vec- 
 
 tns, } : V. TO SAIL kocnd. 
 
 circumnavigation: p6riplus (Gr. 
 
 TrtpiTrAoi;?) I'ljii. 
 
 circumnavigator: qui orbem ter- 
 rarum navi circunivectus est. 
 circumpolar : Quod circa polos est : 
 
 V. AROLNU. 
 
 circumscribe: 1. finio, termlno: 
 V. TO Bou.ND, LIMIT. 2. circuiiiscrUxi, 
 psi, ptuni, } (also, to define precisely : 
 ^. V.) : the orator does not c. or bound 
 his privilege by any limits, (orator) iiul- 
 lis termlnis c. aut deliiiit jus suum, Cic. : 
 to c. a person's in/tueiice (by tlnvartiug 
 him), c. allquem, Qies. 3. iiiimiiiuu, 
 'li, utuni, } • the power of the Cummons 
 was c.d, plebis opes imminutac, .Sail. : v. 
 TO DIMINISH. 4, (III pass, sense; to 
 be c.d) consisto, siiti, stiluin, }: if the 
 endless labour of the Jorum uere c.d as 
 well by the decline of life, as by the cur- 
 riculum of honours, si irifiiiitiis toren- 
 sium rerum labor, decursu hoiiorum, 
 etiam aetatis fle.xu coiisiitisset, Cic. 
 Phr.: to c. the perturbations of the 
 mind, perturbationes aninii conlraliere 
 et in anguslum deducere, adducere, Cic. : 
 to be c.d within a narrow compa'^s, in 
 exiguum gyrum conipulsum esse, Cic. : 
 to c. oneself, sibi cancellos circuiu- 
 dare, C^c. 
 
 circumscribed (adj.) : angustus, ex- 
 
 TgUUS: V. NAIiltdW, LIMITED. 
 
 circumspect : ciiciiuiiipectus (not 
 so used in Cic); at one cinie c. and 
 sagacious, at another inamsiderate and 
 rash, mode c. et saga.\, modo iiicon- 
 sultus et praeceps, Suet. Phr.: to be 
 very c, diligenter circumspicere, Cic. : 
 
 V. CAREFUL. 
 
 circumspection : clrcumspectio : 
 Cic. Phr.: to use or practise c, dilig- 
 enter, omnia, circumspicere, Cic. ; v. 
 
 CAUTION, PRUDENCE. 
 
 circumspectly : circumspecte : 
 Quint. : Gell. : v. cautiously. 
 
 circumstance: 1. res, 6i,/. .■ ^v 
 
 all which c.s the cavalry were panic- 
 struck, quibus omnibus r. equites per- 
 moti sunt, Caes. : to control c.s, sibi res 
 subjungere, Hor. . according to c.s, pro 
 re. Sail. : under the c.s (a.s matters are), 
 pro re nata, Cic. Alt. ■;, 14: also, e reiiaia, 
 Fer. Ad. }, 1,8. Esp. in pi., a state, con- 
 dition : eosj/c.s, ressecuiidae, Hor. Cic. 
 (But it is often sufficient in place of res 
 to use the neuter gender of au adj. : as, 
 adverse, prosperous c.s, adversa.prospera : 
 V. ADVEBsrrv, PROSHKRITV) 2. tempus, 
 oris, n. (c.s collectively) : to yield to c.s, 
 that is, to submit to necessity, temporl 
 cedere, id est, necessitati parere, Cic. : 
 according to c.s, pro tempore, Caes. .- 
 SalL : Virg. ; ad tempus, Cic. : who 
 knows what the c.s of the crrmmonn ealth 
 are likely to be!" tenipora reipubliiae 
 qualiafutura siiit, quis scit? Cic. I'lir. : 
 persons in straiti-ned c.s, quibr.s obstat 
 res aneusta domi, luv. (lor which Cic. 
 has angustlae rei faniiliaris) : to be 
 brought into the most embarrassing c.s, 
 In summas angustlas adduci, Ci& : Caes. : 
 
 V. STATE, condition. 
 
 Circumstanced : v. situatkd. 
 
 circumstantial : Phr.: to give a 
 c. account of a thing, de allqua re sub- 
 tiliter (scribere), Cic. Alt. 2, 21, init. 
 (the adj. subtilis relers rather to style ; 
 as, distinct, precise) : a c. account, *iiar- 
 ratio subtiliter aUiue accurate rebus 
 omnibus scripta .s. lacta : to rest on c. 
 evidence, conjecturii contineri, Cic. : c. 
 evidence, perh. *indicla quae ex veri 
 similitudine penden! ; quorum vis non 
 testium fide sed rerum wri similimdine 
 consistit; rcnim qu;ie in ununi locum 
 oonvenlre atque inter .se congruere 
 videntUT! ct. Cic. R- .\m ^l, 62. 
 
 circumstantially: subtiiiier; Cic.: 
 
 V. pr€-ce(i. art. 
 
 circumvallate : circumvallo ; vallo 
 (fossaque) cingo, etc. : v loll. art. 
 
 circumvallation : •circummunitio : 
 
 Caes : in pi. of tints of c. : Auct. Bell. 
 Hisp. Mostly in phr., to f</rm lines of 
 c. about a toim, oppiduni vallo fossaque 
 cingere, clrcunidare, circumvenire, Cic. ; 
 vallo castellisque circummuiiire, Caes. ; 
 circumvallare, Caes.: Liv. (N.B. .Not 
 corona aggridi or oppugnare ; wliicli 
 signifies sinqily to attack on all sides; 
 cl. Liv. J7, 5, Jiv., where corona and 
 operibus are contrasted.) 
 
 circumvent : 1. circumvgnio, 4 
 
 (i. e. to thuait on every hand, to over- 
 reach): Cic: Sail. 2. circumscrTbo, 
 psi, ptum, J (esp. of fi audulent use 0/ 
 the law) : Cic. : v. To cheat. 3. cir- 
 cumeo or circiieo, ivl and li, Itiun, 4 
 (lessfreq.): Ter. : Mart. 
 
 circumvention : circumscriptio, 
 fraus, dolus: v. hiaud, dech-tion. 
 
 circus : circus : Cic. : Liv. : Hor. 
 Adj. appertaining to the c, circensis: 
 u^ed by Juv. In pL as subs. ; tite games 
 of the c, clrcenses (jr. ludi). 
 cistern : 1. cistcma : Varr. : Plln. 
 2. lacus, lis: Liv.: Hor. 3. 
 piscina: wooden c.s, p. ligneae, Plin. 
 (Cisteriiae were proper y for domestic 
 use; piscinae and lams for caitle; cf. 
 Varr. K. R. I, ti, fn. and Col. I, 5, 
 init.). 4. castellum: a jpublicc- ot 
 reservoir : q. v. 
 
 citadel : arx, arcis, /. : a c. within 
 
 the walls, arx intra niociiia, Liv. : the c. 
 
 and Capitol, arx et Capiloliuui, Cic. : 
 
 Hor. ; V. fortress. 
 
 citation : I. A summons: q. v. 
 
 II, A quotatimi: q. v. 
 cite: I. Legal: cito, vijco; evoco: 
 V. to sumjion. II. To quote (q. v.): 
 laudo. ]iiofcro, etc. 
 
 Cithern: citbara: Virg.: Hor.: a 
 playi-r on the c. citharista (male), Cic: 
 citliaristria (female), 'I'er. 
 
 citizen : 1. civis, is, c. .- 710 one can 
 be a c. of two states, duarum civiiatum 
 c. esse nemo potest, Cic: neither a c. 
 nor a stranger, neque c, neque pere- 
 grinus, Cic. : the rights of c.s, civiiim 
 jura, Cic. : all your feUoic-c.s fear you, 
 te metuunt omnes c tui, Cic. : Hor. 
 2. urbanus (as contrasted with 
 rusticus, countryman) : idle c.s, oliosi 
 urbani, Liv.: PI. Phr.- a compiicuy 
 of c.s, civilis conjuratio, Cic: a victory 
 over cs, civilis victoria, .Sail. : the plunder 
 of c.s, civilis praeda, Tac. : a c.'s dress, 
 vestiius civilis, Suet. : a c.of the world, 
 cosmicos, Mart. 
 
 citizenship : civitas : to bestow c. 
 upon any one, allquem civitate donare. 
 Cic; civitatem alicui dare, iinperiiri, 
 Cic. : to obtain the c. of Rome, c. llom- 
 anam asseqiii, Tac : to lose c, c amiti- 
 ere or perdere, Cic: to admit a man 
 to the right of c, aliqnem in civitatem 
 recipere, Cic. : to deprive of c, alicui c 
 adimere, Cic. : to obtain the c. fraudu- 
 lently, c. furari, Cic. 
 citrate: citras, atls, n. : M. L. 
 citron (fruit) : 1. citreum: Plin. 
 2. niedicum malum : Plin. 
 
 citron-tree: citrus, i,/.: PUn. 
 
 citrus (an African tree): citrus, i, 
 /. : rim.; c. wood, citrum, Plin.: a 
 table of c. wood, meiisa citrea, Cic. 
 
 city (subs.) : urbs, urbis,/. : the c. of 
 Home, Roma urbs, Cic : collections of 
 dwellings nhich nv. call c.s, domlcllia 
 coiiJHiicta quas urbes dicimus, Cic: the 
 m/ist b-autiful c. of all (laid, pulcher- 
 rima totlus Galliae urb.s, Caes. ; the 
 founder of a c, conditor urbis, Ov. 
 N.B. Not civitas except in later authors, 
 cf. Gell. 18, •): "civitatem et pro loco 
 et pro oppido dici ; " or when the inlia- 
 bitants (cives) are meant: as, the sad 
 and astonislied c, attonila et moesta c. 
 Suet. : Tac. : v. also town. Phr.; the 
 freedom of a c, civitas: v. cm/.ENsmr. 
 
 city (adj.): 1. urbanus: c. tril>es, 
 ur. irlbiis, Cic. : c. affairs, res ur., (Jaes. .- 
 c. Inxnni, ur. luxus, Tac 2. urbicus; 
 c. trailers, ur. neeotiatores. Suet.: c. 
 
 affairs, res ur.. Suet. (Urbicus diffen 
 from urbanus in having a purely local 
 reterence ; whereas urbanus ii> e^p. used 
 of the manners of the city.) 
 
 civet: zibethum: M. 1^. 
 
 civet-cat: (?)vlverra, PUn.: »viven» 
 Zibetha, LilUi. 
 
 civic: 1. civilis, e: v. crviL. 
 
 2. civTcus (chiefly poet.): c. right*. 
 c. jura. Hor. : a c. cron-n, c. o.rona, Cic. 
 
 civil : I. Relating to citizens (as 
 
 contrasted ellher with strangers or with 
 sol<liers^: 1. civilis, e: ac.war.c 
 helium, Cic: c. discord, c. discurdla, 
 Sail.; c. rights, jus c, CIc: c. law, c 
 lex, Cic. : the c. day, dies c, Plin. 2. 
 civicus(poet.): c. commolums, motus cj 
 Hot.: c. wars, c. bella, Ov. Phr.: 
 Viilitary andc. offices, iniperia et mag- 
 isiraius, Cic: a c. war, helium intes- 
 tiniini ac domesticura, Cic: c. death, 
 capitis diminutio maxima, Cic: the c. 
 list, *principis sumpius doniestlci. ||, 
 Of niaiineis; v. poLrrE, cocrtwjus. 
 
 civilian : |. Cne skilled in civil 
 lair: 1. juris or Jure peritus: Cato 
 vax a vety learned c, Cato juris ci- 
 vilis perilis.-imus erat, Cic. 2. Juris 
 coiisultus: Cic. II. A non-military 
 peison: 1. tigaius {in the toga, 
 which was the dress of peace) ; to decru 
 a thanksgiving in honour of a c, alicui 
 togato supplicationem decemere, Cic: 
 also used as subs. • Cic. 2. paganus 
 (only in later Latin): soldiers and ct, 
 niiliies et pagani, Plin. : Tac: Juv. 
 
 civility: v. politeness, attention. 
 
 civilization: cultus, us: the Btlgat 
 arv the mo!t remote from the c. and 
 reji nement ot thepiovince, Belgae a cultn 
 atque hunianitaie provinciae longissime 
 ab.-.iiiit, Caes. ; to briny men jrom a 
 statv if bai barisni to one of c, homines 
 a fera agrestique vita ad humanum c. 
 civiliniqiie deducere, Cic. 
 
 civilize : 1. excoio, cOlul, cuitum, 
 J ; Jrom a rude and barbarous state of 
 existence we have been c.d and sojtened 
 into rifinement, ex agresti tmiranique 
 vita exculti ad humanita em et miiigati 
 sumus, Cic. : a c.d life, ixculta vita, 
 Cic. 2, exp61ii>, 4: Cic: (jell.: v. 
 to polish. 3, emollio, 4; Ov. : Tac: 
 v. TO soften. Phr.: he c.d the mindt 
 of men, which by the pursuits of n-ar 
 had bearme savage and h I'W, ad liumani- 
 tatem atque niansiietudinem revocavlt 
 animus honiinum studiis bellandi jaiE 
 imiiiaiies ac leros, Cic. (cf. pieced, art.). 
 
 civilly: v politely. Phr.; tode- 
 clini: c , belle negare, Q. Cic. 
 
 clad = clothed : v. to clothe. 
 claim («■): 1. e.xigo, f'gi, actum, 
 
 i : J II Hi II ait for what you promise, 
 and V ill not c. it except at your conve- 
 nience, et expeciabo ea quae pulllcerlg, 
 neque exigaiii nisi tuo conimodo, Cic 
 2. postiilo, 1 : to c one's right, jus 
 suum p., I'er. : Caes.- Cic. 3. rfpito, 
 ivi, ilum, }: (to c. back: ol w-hat I3 
 due) : to c. one's property, bona sua r., 
 Cic. ; to c. thanks Jor a favour, pro 
 beneficio gratlam r., Llv. 4. rfiposco, 
 } (^= repeto) : to c. any one for punish- 
 nient, aliquem ad poenas r , Virg. 5. 
 vindico, i (esp. in legal sense): to c. 
 one's tjetrothed asaj'ree person, sponsam 
 in liberlati m v., Liv. ; Gell.; theChians 
 c. Homer as their countryman, }lomenim 
 Chii suum v., (}ic. ; to c. a part of the 
 victory Jor oneself, victoriae partem ad 
 se v., Liv. 6. a-ssCro, sfrui, sertum, 
 i (c.for oneself) : c. not our praises Jor 
 yourself, ne laudes assere nostras, Ov.: 
 heed for himself the cognomen of J'or- 
 tnncte, felicis sibi cognomen asseruil, 
 I'lin. : the client c.d the rnrgin as a 
 .'lave, cliens virginem in serviiutem as- 
 seruit, Llv.: v. to de.mand; assume. 
 7. interprfitor, 1 (rare) : to c. a 
 victory, i. e. lay c. to it, victoriam at 
 suam int., Vi-U. 
 
 claim (.'•■«'«••.): 1. posttjlatlo: a 
 fair and honourable c, p. aequa et 
 honesta, Cic. P h r. . to prefer a fair c, 
 aeqiium postulare, Ter. 2. vindldae, 
 arum {legal c.,: to seek to obtain the 
 estates oj' others by unjutt c.s, iqjustia
 
 CLAIMANT 
 
 CliASSrC 
 
 CLEANLINESS 
 
 ▼. allenos fundos petere, Cic. : Liv. 
 3, concursns, us (a joint or counter 
 &>: Cels. IMg. Phr. : to comply u-ith 
 €U the C.S of friendship, amicitiam tueri, 
 Cic. : to make a counter c. against any 
 one, alicui concurrere, Ulp. : on the one 
 fiand the public safety makes a c. on the 
 other, the Icing's, concurrit illinc publica, 
 hinc regis salus, Sen. : v. demand 
 
 claimant, claimer : 1. assertor 
 (in sense of assero : v. to claim, 6) ■ 
 the c. of the girl (as his slave), as. piiel- 
 lae, Liv. 2. pfititor : Cia : v. suitor. 
 
 clamber : "^^ to cldib. 
 clamminess: lentuia: Piin. 
 
 clammy: 1. lentus: (ilue more 
 
 c. than birdlime and pitch, gluten visco 
 et pice lentius, Virg. 2. viscldus ; 
 Theod. Prise. : v. glotinous. 
 
 clamorous : clamosus : Quint. ■ Juv. 
 Phr.: c. applause, clamores : v. accla- 
 mation, NOISY. 
 
 clamorously: clamose: Quint. 
 
 clamour (subs.) .- strepitus, clamor : 
 
 V. NOISE, SHOCT. 
 
 clamour ("•) •• esp. in phr. to clamour 
 fen- : fla^to, I : they e'dfor corn of me, 
 me fnimentum flagitabant, Cic. : to c. 
 for an encore, mapnis theatri clamorihus 
 aliquid reponi L.Plin. v. to demand; 
 
 SHOUT. 
 
 clamp (subs): 1. catena: Cito • 
 Vitr. 2. confibula. Cato. 3. uncus: 
 Hor. 
 
 clamp ("■)■■ *catena vel confibula 
 defigere, constringere. 
 
 clan; pens, gentls, /. (prob. the 
 nearest wonl) v. family, race. 
 
 clandestine : 1. tlandestinus : a 
 0. mamage, c. nuptiae, PI. : c. plans, 
 c. consilia, Caes. : Cic. 2. furtivus : 
 c. lovers, f. viri, Ov. 3. surrepiicius : 
 c. love : s. amor, PI. . v. secret. 
 
 clandestinely : clam, furtim : v. 
 
 SECRETLY, BY STEALTH. 
 
 clang ("■) •• 1. clango, ? : the 
 
 trumpet's c. the dreadful signals, hor- 
 rida c. signa tubae, Stat. 2. strepo, 
 iii, itum, J : Hor. ; Virg. 
 
 clang (subs): clangor: arises the 
 shouting of men and the c. of ti'umpets, 
 exoritur clamorque vinim c.qiie tu- 
 / barum, Virg. . Liv. : v. din, noise. 
 
 clank (subs.) : strepitus, us : the c. 
 of wheels, s. rotanim, Caes v. din. 
 
 clank (<-'•)•■ crgpo, ui, "ftuni, 1 . the 
 cymbal c.s, sistrum crepat, Ov. : as sikhi 
 as the chain cs, the friend vill dejxirt. 
 quum primuin crepueril catena, amicus 
 discedet, Sen. 
 
 clannish: (?) senti suae nimium 
 deditus 
 
 clanship: gentintas; Cic: Plin. : 
 
 v. CLAN. 
 
 clansman: gentilis, is, m. .• Cic.': 
 Liv. 
 
 clap ("•) •■ obsol. except of clapping 
 the hands: 1. plaudo, si, sum, j 
 (both trans, and intr.) : to tire the hands 
 with c.ing, manus in plaudendo con- 
 sumere, Cilc. (of applause) : Hor. 2. 
 complodo, si. sum, j : to c. the hands 
 together, manus c, Quint.: Petr. : v. 
 also to APPLAUD. 3. coUido, si, sum, 
 ;: with manus: Quint. (For such 
 phrases as, to clap a man in prison [ali- 
 quem in vincula conjicere], to clap irons 
 on a man fmanicas, compedes alicui 
 ImpingereJ, v. to cast ; fasten, etc.) 
 
 clap, clapping : I. Of the hands : 
 plausus. lis: palm brought in contact 
 with palm produces a c, palma cum 
 palma collata plausum facit. Sen. : v. 
 FLAPPING ; APPLAUSE. ||, Of thunder : 
 frigor, oris, >n. : eoelestis f.. Quint. : a 
 touS c. of thunder, gravis f , Ov. (In 
 other senses the word has now Ijecome 
 obsolete or vulgar . v. blow, s^troke.) 
 
 Claoper: I. a person uho daps : 
 
 plausor : Hor. : Suet. ||. The strilcing 
 
 part of a bell : \. lingua (.' lingula 
 
 ». lignla): pseudo-l.act. aenigm. 79. 
 
 2. malleus: i. e. hammer : M. L. 
 
 clap-trap: verba ad summam cav- 
 eara spectantia, Sen. Tr. 11, 6. 
 
 claret: *vinum Bunllgalense. 
 
 clarification: deianrstio: M.L. 
 
 clarify: L dellquo, i: Van-.: 
 
 Cels. 2. liquo, i : Hor. ; Plin. : v. to 
 
 FILTER. 
 
 clarion: ntuus: Hor.: Ov. • a c- 
 
 plaijer, liticen, inis, m. : Cato : StaL 
 clarionet: (?) tibia: Cic: Virg. : V. 
 
 FLUTE. 
 
 clary (li'ta"')-' horminum: Plin. 
 
 clash ("O-" I. To make a noise by 
 striking: 1. concrepo, ui, ituin, 1 . 
 at the first onset the arms c.'d, primo 
 concursu concrepuere arraa, Liv. 2. 
 crfiplto, I . the arms c, arma c, Tib. 
 II. To be opposed to or inconsistent 
 with : 1. coUidor, lisus, j : the laws 
 c, leges colliduntur, Quint. 2. con- 
 fligo, flixi, flictum, j : the various lairs c, 
 diversae leges c. Quint. 3. repugno. 
 I : most persons do not see how these 
 things c, haec inter se quam r., plerique 
 non vident, Cic. 4. pugno: v. to 
 oppose, BE inconsistent. 
 
 clash (snbs.): |. Noise produced 
 bycollisUm: J. crepitus, us: the c. 
 of arms, c. armorum, Liv. 2, Sonlius, 
 is: Virg. (of the amis in the wooden 
 horse): v. SfWND, noise. Phr.: the 
 harsh c.ing together of words, asper 
 verborum concursus (concursio), Cic. : 
 v. collision. II. Discrepancy : q. v. 
 
 clasp (Slit's) : I. .foe fastening : 
 fibula: Liv.: Virg. ||. An embrace : 
 amplexus: v. embrace. 
 
 clasp (v) : I. To fasten, u-ith a 
 clasp : 1. fibiilo, I : Ciol. (who how- 
 ever uses the word fig.). 2. fibula con- 
 necto, anuecto, subnecfo; v. to fasten. 
 II. ^ grasp firmly, to embrace : 
 i, complector, xus, j: to c. any 
 one's right hand, dextrani alicu.ius c, 
 Virg. : the vine with its tendrils, as 
 vtth hands, c.s whatever it meets, vitis 
 claviculis suis, quasi manibus quicquid 
 est nacta c, Cic 2. amplecior, j . 
 i. q. complector : v. to ejibrace. 3. 
 prehendo, cumprChendo ; v. to gra.«p, 
 take hold of. Phr.: nilh the hands 
 c.'d together, digitis pectinaiim iiitt-r se 
 implexis, Plin. 28, 6, 17 : sinily. ; digitis 
 inter se pectine Junclis, Ov. M. 9, 299: 
 (Ijut for the most p.irt digitis or muni- 
 bus inter se junctis would be precise 
 enough). 
 
 clasper (of a vine) . clavicula, Cic. • 
 
 v. TENDRIL. 
 
 clasp-knife : *culter plicatilis (?) 
 Kr. 
 
 class (subs.): I. A number of 
 objects regarded collertirely as possessing 
 certain common qualities : 1, cla.ssis, 
 is,/. : especially of the political c_s insti- 
 tuted by Ser. Tullius ; Liv.: Cic: the 
 c. of slaves, c. servorum. Petr. hence, 
 fig.; compared u-ith him thei/ seem to 
 belong to the very Ion est c. (the fifth), 
 cum illo coUati, quintae classis videntur, 
 Cic : V. itifr. (II.) 2. gfinus, gris, 
 
 n. (the most usu. word to denote a class 
 or sort) : there is a c. of men uho v ish 
 to be the foremost in everything, est g. 
 hominum qui se primos esse omnium 
 rerum volunt, Ter. . of those nun there 
 are two c.s, eorum hominum g. sunt 
 duo, Caes. Phr.: to arrange in cs, 
 generatim distribnere.Caes. 3. ordo, 
 inis, m. (e-p. of such cs as the equites, 
 senators, etc. : v. order) : the c. of hus- 
 bandmen, ordo aratorum, Cic. ||. Of 
 pupils : clas.<is : they had arrangel the 
 boys in c.s, pueros in classes distrlbue- 
 rant, Quint . to be at the top of a c, c 
 ducere. Quint, : v. bank. 
 
 class, classifii' ('••) ■■ 1. descnbo, 
 
 psi, ptum, } : he c.'d the freedmen in 
 the four city tribes, libertinos in quatuor 
 urbanas tribus descripsit, Liv. : to c. 
 the people according to property, ranl.s, 
 and ages, populum censu, ordinibus, 
 aetatibus d.. Cic. 2. 'i classes dis- 
 tribuere: Quint. 
 classic V i. e. strictly, belonging to 
 classical ( the (first) class ; with ref. 
 to tlie five classes of Ser. Tullius clas- 
 slcus : o c. and careful author, not a 
 vulgar one, c assiduusque scriptor, non 
 proletarius, Gell. 19, 9,_/tn. (Cic. would 
 probably have said, scriptor primae clas- 
 sis: cf. Acad Prior, z, 21, 7 1.) Phr.: 
 the Greek and Latin c. authors or cs, 
 
 auctores utriusque linguae clarissimi. 
 Quint.: a c. author, scriptor vetUB atque 
 probus, Hor. Ep. 2, i, 50; optimoa 
 auctor. Quint. : or (with a more direct 
 reference to style), tersus atque elegans 
 maxime auctor. Quint. : c. writers, auc- 
 tores emiiientissimi or summi. Quint.; 
 perfecti veteresque (scrtptores), Hor.: 
 c. literature, i. e. of Greece and Rome, 
 Graecae atque Romanae literae, Cic: c. 
 antiquities, *antiquitates Graecae et 
 Romanae 
 
 classically : P h r. : to icHte c, op- 
 time scribere. Quint. : or, ad optimonun 
 auct^irum exemplum scribere. 
 
 classification : 1, descriptio : 
 
 the c. of the people, d. populi, Cic : Suet. 
 
 2. dislributio in classes facta.* v. 
 TO classify (fin.). 
 
 classiflr : v. to class. 
 
 clatter (« ) : 1. crepo, ui, itum, 
 I : V. TO RATTLE. 2. crepito, I : the 
 suords c. on the hard ancils, duns c. 
 incudibus enses, Virg, 
 
 clatter < (subs.) : 1. strgpitns, 
 
 clattering < ils • the c. of folding- 
 doors, s. valvarum, Hor. : Vie c. of v heels, 
 s. rotarum, Caes. 2. crepitus, us; 
 the c. of feet, c pedum, Cic. ; v. clash, 
 
 RATTLE. 
 
 clause : I. -^ i^irt of a sentence : 
 1. articulus: Cic 2. menibrum: 
 Cic. Phr.: to speak in short c.s, mem- 
 bratim dicere, Cic. : Quint. 3. in- 
 cisum (a short c.) : Cic. : Quint. Phr.: 
 in short cs, incise and incisim, Cic; 
 also, caesim, Cic. : Quint. 4. incisio 
 (= incisum) : Cic. ||, A complete 
 portion of a law, deed, etc.: 1. ca- 
 piit, itis, n. : from the Jirst c. of the 
 lavj to the last, a primo c. legis usque 
 ad e.vtrenium, Cic. 2. clausiila: Ulp. 
 
 3. e\()gnm\ (in a will) : Cic: Dig. 
 clavicle : clavTctila : M. L. 
 
 claw : 1. unguis, is, m. : Hor. : 
 Ov.; Plin. 2. ungfiia (q/^ btrrfs) ; PI. 
 3. brachium (of a crab, etc.) : Ov.: 
 Plin. 
 
 claw (i' ) ; V- TO scratch. 
 
 clay : 1. latum ; Tib. : Plin. 
 
 Phr.: Brick-c, terra lateraria. Plin. 
 2, argiUa (white or potter's c.) : 
 Cic: Hor. 3. creta (=argilla): 
 
 Cic: potter's c, c fignlaris. Col.; c. 
 figlina, Vair. 4. cretiila (= creta) : 
 Cic. Phr- figures made of c, lictiles 
 figurae, Cic. ." c. vessels, vasa fictilia, 
 Cic. : V. earthenware. 
 
 clayey : 1. Wtosus (abounding in 
 c.) : a c field, 1. ager. Col.: Cato. 2. 
 luteus. V. MIRY. 3. cretosus (a6o2/»jrf- 
 ing m white c.) : Ov. : Plin. 4. cre- 
 taceus (of the nature of clay). Plin. 
 5. argillosus (= cretosus) : Varr. : 
 Plin. 6. argilliiceus (=cretaceus) ; 
 
 c. soil, terra ar., Plin. 
 
 clean (adj.): 1. mundus: per- 
 fectly c. baskets : quala mundissima. 
 Col. : c. (or neat) furniture, m. supellex, 
 Hor. : blessed are the p. m lieart, beati 
 mundo corde, Vulg. 2. piirus: to 
 make a field neat and c, agrum mund- 
 um p.qile facere, Gell. : a c. dress, vestis 
 p., Virg.: a c. house, p. aedes, PI. N.B. 
 .Mundus usu. conveys the additional 
 sense of neat, elegant (q. v.) ; pums that 
 of pare, unmixed. Phr.; to make c, 
 
 purgo : V. TO CLEAN, CLEANSE : to haVC 
 
 c hands (fig.), alieni abstinentem, ab- 
 stinentissimtim esse, Plin. Ep. : v. ijj- 
 
 TEGEITY. 
 
 clean ("•) •■ purgo. mnndo, pnnim 
 facio : V. TO CLEANSE. Phr.: toe. iron 
 tools, ferramenta detersa nitidare, atque 
 roliigine liberare. Col.: esp. with prep. 
 out: to c. out a kitchen, mangers, etc., 
 culinam, praesepia mundanda curare, 
 immunditiis liberare. Col. . to c. out a 
 stable, fimum de stabulo egerere, or 
 simply stabulum egerere, I^ct (of the 
 stable of Augeas) to c. out hives, alve- 
 aria sordibus purgare. Pall. : to c. out 
 the bed of the Tiber again, alvenm 
 Tiberis r^piirgare, Suet. ■ to c. out 
 severs, cloacas detcrgere, Liv. 
 
 c\ea.n (odv.) : =cltogether,etiirely: 
 q. V. 
 
 cleanliness : mundltia and mua
 
 C .L E A N 
 
 C L K A K C P 
 
 CLEARNESS 
 
 cfltdes, 6i: v, neatness (to which It is 
 mure nearly equivalent). 
 
 cleanly (<^J.) ■• nmndus : to be re- 
 markable for c, carfjul habits, mundae 
 iedulilatis esse, Ov. . v. nkat. 
 
 cleaoly (adv.) .■ 1. purg to wash 
 out vessels c, p. eluere va.su, I'l. . to lie 
 more c. and comjortabli/ (of breeding 
 cattle;, purliis et molliii.s incubare, Col. : 
 "lin. 2. munde, muiidJter v. neatly. 
 
 cleanness: v.cLEAXtrNEss. purity. 
 
 Cleause : 1. purge, i: toe from 
 
 eavts and ordure, a foliis et stercore p., 
 
 Col, Fig. to c. the bosom, poctora p., 
 
 41Cr. ■ V Tt. CLEAK, CLEAN. So the 
 
 compounds, 'i.) perpurgo, to c. tho- 
 rouf/hly : Cic. . Ols. (il.) expiirgo, ^o 
 c. out : I'lin. (iil.) depurgo = e.xpurgo 
 or inteiis. of purgo : I'l.; Cato. (Iv.) 
 rCpurgo, <o c. a<7ain: Suet. : Plln. 2. 
 defaeco, i (to c.from dregs or foulness) : 
 ri. 3. detergeo, si, sum, 2 (to c. by 
 
 l/rushing or rubbing) : v. to clean 
 (Phr.). 4. abluo, fii, utum, ? (toe, 
 by washing) : to c. onnttif in running 
 iiHiter, se tliimine vivo ab., Virg. : v. to 
 
 WASH, PURIFY. 
 
 cleansing (subs.) .- 1, purgatio : 
 the c. of seaers, p. cloacarum, I'raj. ap. 
 I'lin. 2. ablutio (by trashing) : PUu, 
 3. More usn. expr. by verb as 
 to pay cUtantinii to the c. of cattle-stalU, 
 bobilia muodanda curare. Col. ; v. to 
 
 CLEANSE. 
 
 cleansing (fldj) •■ punflcus (rare) : 
 Laci. (In verse, purus might be used ; 
 as Ov. has lurida acoiiita, Hor. pallida 
 mors, In sense of making ghastly or 
 pale.) 
 
 clear (o^-): |. to the sight-. 
 1, llquidus (liquid, transparent : 
 q. v.): a c. night, 1. iio.x, Virg.: a c. 
 light, I. lumen, Lucr. the c. atntosphere, 
 1. aer, Virg. 2, sfirenus (unclouded) : 
 a c. sky, 1. Goeluni, Cie. : a c. atmosphere, 
 s. aer, Plin. : also used in neut. as subs. 
 = dear weather : as,astormivas kiiouii 
 to have arisen with a c. sky, sereno con- 
 stabat nimbuin ortum, Liv. : Suet. : cf. 
 to clear up. 3, aindidus (rare in 
 this sense, v. bright) . a bright and c. 
 light, lux Clara et c, PI. (\.B. Clarus, 
 illustris, lucidus are all too strong ; sig- 
 nifying rather bright, luminous: q. v.) 
 4. limpidus (of fluids), a c. lake, 
 I. lacus. Cat. • perfe-tly c. trine, vinum 
 delecatum qnam limpidissiniura, Col. 
 6, pellucidus (transjiareyit) : Cic. 
 Phr. : to become c. (of fluids), liquesco, 
 licui, i : to become c. grailually, paul- 
 latim 1., Auct. B. Alex. : to make c. (of 
 fluids), defaeco, deliquo (liquo): v. to 
 Ulter. ||. To the ear : 1. llquWus : 
 a c. voice. I. vox, Hor.- Lucr.: to 
 Hng a c. note, liquidum cantare, Ov. : 
 V, i.iQniD. 2. clarus (implying lotid- 
 ne.'-s as well as clearness) : a c. (dis- 
 tinctly audible) voice, c. vox, Cic. : v. 
 AUDIHLB, i.orrD. 3 Cijndidus: ap- 
 
 plied by yuinl (ii, j, i;), and Plin. (28, 
 6, i6), to a kind of voic«' at once clear 
 and musical i and opposed to a thick, 
 husky line (fusca vox): Cic. applies to 
 the same kind of voice the epithet can- 
 oru8- V. melodious. 4. acutus: i.e. 
 clear and shrill: q. v. Phr.: the 
 soutids become clearer (or louder) and 
 cleartr, niagls atque magis clarcscuiit 
 sonitus, Viri<. A. l, ioi. |||, Of 
 
 space: free, open- J. purus: a c. 
 
 open pl/iin, p. ac pafens CiUiipus, Liv. : 
 the streets at e c, .w that nothing inter- 
 feres II ith the quirt muaer, p. sum pla- 
 teae, nihil ul medltantibus obstet.ilor.: 
 Varr. 2. &peri us, patens- v. open. 
 Phr.: a c, open s/tace (nithout build- 
 ings on it), area, Varr.: v. area. |V- 
 Oi laiiguiipe, style : lucid : 1. lu 
 cidus : J'hilistiis, an imitator of Thu- 
 cydides ; and, ti hilst mmh feebler, con- 
 siderably clearer, Pliilistus Imitatur 
 Thucydidis ; et, ut multo inflmiior, iia 
 aliquatenus luddlor, tjuint. : a c. ar- 
 rangement, I. ordo, Hor. 2. Illustris, 
 e (lumntous) . a c. sjteech, vhich, puts 
 the Tnatter almost before ime's eyes, il. 
 oratio quae rem coiisiitiiat paene ante 
 oculoB, Clci a c. aptanaiwn, il. e.xpla- 
 
 natio, Quint. 3. candWus (a critical 
 term, having reference to clearness and 
 brightness of style) : Herodotus is iitter- 
 esting, c, and diffuse, dulcis et c. et 
 fusus H., Cic. a c. kind of speaking c. 
 dicendi genus, Cic. 4. sigiiif leans, 
 ntis (telling its tale plainly) : used In 
 conjunction with lucidus (or dilucidus) 
 by Quint. I2, lo. zt, elal. V. Intel- 
 ligible, evident : \. clarus : your plans 
 are clearer to us than the light <f day, 
 luce sunt clarlora nobis tua consilia. 
 Cic. very c. handurittvg, ilarissmiae 
 literae, Cic. 2. Spetus, manitesius, 
 persplcuus: v. evident. 3. iHusiris, 
 c: a fact c. and knotim to all, factum il. 
 noiunique omnibus, Cic. 4. evidens, 
 ntis a c. proof, e. demonstratio. Plin. : 
 V. evident. Phr.: lo be c, appareo, 
 constat, Uquet (impers.) : the last osp. 
 used with a negative as legal term, im- 
 plying that a case has not been made 
 out (cf. our " not proven ") : they brought 
 in the verdict that the case teas not c , 
 non llquere (N. L.)dixeruiit,Cic. : Gell. ■ 
 to make a thing quite <■.. rem ad liquid- 
 um perducere, Veil. ; also, rem (veri- 
 lat«m) ad liquidum explorare, Liv.; ad 
 liquidum redigere,Sen.: also, rem claram, 
 manilesiam, apertam facere or reddere 
 V. TO prove, e.xplain. to become c. (of 
 things explained), claresco, Lucr. N. ii. 
 Clear is also used in the sense of free 
 from : as, c. of blame, expers culpae'or 
 liber culpa, etc. : v. kree from ■ also for 
 mere, entire, as, so much c. loss : v. 
 MERE: iinlh a c. conscience, rectA con- 
 scientia, optima conscientiS. ; v. con- 
 science. 
 
 clear (v.) .- |, L i t. : to mate open 
 or clear: 1. expgdio, 4 : to c. the 
 approaches, aditus ex., Caes. : to c. a 
 stony field by gathering the stones, agriim 
 saxosum lectione lapiduni ex.. Col. 2. 
 purgo, I . to c. ground ivHh hoes, arva 
 ligoiiibus p., Ov. : to c. a place with 
 sickles, falcibus p. locum, Cic. ; v. to 
 cleanse, rid of. 3. exstirpo, i (of 
 lands) : to c. lands of trees and Inrush- 
 wood, agros arl)oribus atque virgultis 
 ex.. Pall. 4. exirico, I : to c. forest 
 land, agrum silvestrem ex. Col. (the 
 same notion may be expressed b3' 
 agrum purum facere : v. clean, 2). 
 6. sgreno, i (of the weather) : Ju- 
 piter c.s the slcy and the weather, 
 Jupiter coelum tempestatesque s., Virg. 
 Phr.: he ( Themistocles) c.'d the sea of 
 pirates, maritimos praedones consect- 
 ando mare tutum reddidit, Nep. : to c. 
 trees of moss, arbores emuscare. Col. 
 (= musco purgare). Fig.: to c. (dis- 
 burdeti) one's conscience (by confession), 
 conscientiam exonerare or se exonerare. 
 Curt, (in diff. sense, conscientiam pur- 
 gare, V. inf.). II. To exculpate (q. v.) : 
 I' li r. : to c. oneself relatively to any 
 matter, purgare se de aliqua re, Cic: 
 to c. the public conscience (free the state 
 if all complicity), publicam conscien- 
 tiam purgare. Just.: to c. any one of 
 Uieodium and guilt, invidiam crlmenque 
 ab aliquo amoliri, Tac, H. }, •i^,fin. : to 
 c. (any one Jrom) a charge, crimen 
 ililuere, Cic. |||. To make a profit : 
 lucror, Uicrtfacio; v. tooain. 
 
 away : 1. detergeo, si, sum, 
 
 2 : T. TO SWEEP away, clean out. 
 2. amolior, .^ (implying forcible 
 effort): to c. attay the obstacles pre- 
 sented by the iiooi/i, ohstanlla .silvarum 
 a., Tac. . to c.a"ay eiery impediment, 
 impedimentum omne a . S;senn. in .N'on. 
 3. aniOveo: v. to remove. (May 
 also usu. be expr. by means of some of 
 the verbs for to cleanse, q. v. : as, to c. 
 atvay the mice from a house, domum 
 muribus purgare, Phae.lr.) Phr.: to 
 c. aiiay the clouds if the mind, nubila 
 animl sereimre, Plin.: v. to clear up. 
 
 off: cornice: amolior, 4 twlth 
 
 pron. rejl.) : c. off you I hinc vos amoli- 
 mini, Ter. ■ PI. apage! v. away. 
 
 out ; purgo, enmndo. detergeo, 
 
 ggCro : v. to clean out. 
 
 up: I. Trans, toexptain, 
 
 to remove, difficulties: J^ expg-iio. 4: 
 c. up this matter fur me first of all hoc 
 
 mihi expedl primum, Ter. : >i»or»> tally 
 dilucide ex., Ter. : v. to explain. 2* 
 enSdo, I : toe. up niceties of Ian:, laqueoa 
 Juris e.. Gell. : Cic. 3. expHoo, ex- 
 plano : V. TO EXPLAIN, untold. 4, 
 defaeco, i (prop, to clear of dregs, at 
 wine): whatever was formerly uncrrtain 
 in my mind is noiv c.'d up, quicquld 
 IncertI mihi in animo full, nunc defae- 
 catum est, PI. 5. illustro, i (to thtd 
 light upon): everything has been c.'d 
 up, made manifest ami certain by me, 
 omnia illusirata, patefacta, comperla 
 sunt a me, Cic. 6. perpurgo, i (10 
 ilear up thoroughly : rare;: Cic. 7, 
 gnucleo, I (lit. to extract the kernel) : v. 
 TO EXPLAIN. Phr.: lo c. up obscure 
 matters, rebus (obscuris) lumen afferre, 
 Cic. ; obscuritatem et tenebras ab aliqua 
 re tollere: cf. Cic Or. j, is, fin. ||. 
 1 n t r a n s. : of the weather ; " to become 
 fair: dissgrenat or dissCrgna-stit (im- 
 pels.) : cf. Liv. J9, 46 (where quum dis- 
 serenasset = quum ex tempesuie se- 
 reiium factum esset) : Plin. ; ef. to 
 clear (I. 5.). 
 
 clearance : |. The act of clearing 
 anay. in phr. to make a c.'=to dear 
 au-ay : q. v. ||. .Mercantile term a 
 kind of receipt : *portorii soluli apOcha 
 (R. and A.); v. receipt. 
 
 clearly : J, Prop. = m a clear 
 tray : 1. clarg (strictly of sight ; 
 but also used with reference to hearing 
 or umlerstanding) : to see c, c oculU 
 videre, PI. (and v. inf. 2) : to speak c. 
 (di.Hinctly and audibly), c. dicere, Ter. 
 Fig.: to show c. and evidently, c atqua 
 evidenter ostendere, (^uinu Very c, 
 praeclare : to explain very c, p. expUc- 
 are, Cic : to understand quite c. p. 
 intelligere, Cic. 2. liqulde w liquids 
 (> sp. of sounds; also of the action of 
 the mind) : eagles see more c. (than 
 men), moles hear more c, aquilae clarius 
 cemunt, liquidius audiunt talpae, Plln. 
 the poets also use the neuter of the adj., 
 as, to sing c, liquidum cantare. Cv. 
 Fig., to judge more c. liquidius judic- 
 are, Cic. : Liv. 3. lucidc (lit. brightly : 
 q. v.). F i g. = Eng. lucidly (q. v.): lo 
 shoiv anything most c, aliquid liicidis- 
 sime ostendere, Quint. ■ Cic. (Similar 
 in meaning, but somewhat stronger, is 
 tlie comp. dilucide: a.s, to shoiv or ex- 
 plain anything c, aliquid d. docere, 
 lAv. ; the law c. forbids, lex d. velat, 
 Cic.) 4. expresse (cf. to express) : 
 to pronounce a letter c., literam ex. 
 effeire, Val. Max. . more fre<i. with ref. 
 to the mm(i=exactly : q. v. 5. piane : 
 v. plainly. (X. B. This and the foil, 
 words, only in fig. sense; as of thai 
 which is expressed or explained c.) 
 6, perspicue : to explain anything 
 plainly and c, aliquid plane et p. ex- 
 pedire, Cic. : more fully, dilucide atque 
 p.,Plln. Kp. 7. enucleate (liMdM M« 
 kernels txtracted or the shells cracked: 
 1. e. difficulties and obscurities cUareii 
 anay: freq. in Cic): to speak of great 
 subjects ornately, of humble ones c, 
 grandia ornate, e. minora dicere, Cic 
 8. enodate: similar to enucleate. 
 Cic. 9. apertf: v. plainly cf. al.so 
 distinctly, ARTICUI.ATELY. II, 06- 
 vioiisly, evulently (q. v.); perspicug, 
 ilpenc, baud dQbie, etc 
 
 clearness : 1. ciaritas (the near* 
 est and most gen. term, but with ref. 
 to sight TtWtieT ^ brightness: q. t.): 
 the c. of morning, matutiiia c, I'lin. : c. 
 in the voice, c in voce, Cic. • c. of s/ieech, 
 c. orationis. Quint. 'I'he form clarituilo 
 is also found; 'i'ac. Geli. 2. sfreii- 
 itas (of the .^ki/): s. coeli, Cic- Lir. 
 3, perspicuTtas : of style : Quint. 8, 
 2. I (not so in Cic). N. H. O'un hr<i 
 expr. by means of an adj. : as, on ukom 
 thy father has bestowed c. of voice, cui 
 liquidum pater vocem dediti Hor. fa- 
 mous for the c. of his style. *insigiiis 
 propter sermonem illustrem atque dilu- 
 cidiim nothing can exceed his c. of 
 style, •oratione ejus nihil potest esse 
 illustrius in the first place aim at c, 
 in your ii-ntings, *imprim:s operam da 
 ut perspicue scribus v. clear, ( learlt.
 
 CLE A R-S r G HT E D 
 
 CLIENT 
 
 CLIMB 
 
 clear-sighted : P h r. ; to he c 
 
 tighted, clare cemere, Plin. ; acnte cer- 
 nere (which, however, is rather st ronger), 
 Lucr, . V. SHARP-SIGHTED. For fig. sense, 
 
 V. SAGACIOUS, SHREWD. 
 
 cleave; A, Trans.: to fplit 
 
 asunder: 1, tindo, fidi,fissum, } : to 
 e. wood, lignum f., Virg. : to c. in two, 
 in partes f. duas, Ov.: v. to split. 
 2. difiBndo, ? (to c. asunder) : to c. 
 asunder, or open, the gates of cities, 
 portas urbium d., Hor. ; to c. the earth 
 asunder (by an earthquake), terrain d., 
 Lucr. 3. infindo, 5 (rare except in 
 poets): to c, furrows in the earth, sulcos 
 telluri inf., Virg. ; in the sea. sulcos marl 
 inf., Virg. 4, sclndo, scTdi, scissum, 
 J (esp. poet, and fig.): to c. the plain 
 vnth iron, i. e. to plough, aequor ferro s., 
 Virg. . to c. the seas, freta s., Ov. 5. 
 proscindo, j (less Ireq.) Cat. 6. seco, 
 ui, ctum, I (in poet, sense) the dol- 
 phins c. the seas, swimming, delphines 
 mare nando s., Virg.: Uv. : v. to cttt, 
 DIVIDE. (Fut. pnrt. secaturu^.) B. 
 Intr. ; |. To part asunder : dehisco, 
 dissilio, etc. : v. to gape open, part 
 ASUNDER. II. To adhere to : adhaereo : 
 
 V. TO ADHERE. 
 
 cleavage : P h r. :' to have an oblique 
 or direct c. (of stones), *f;icile in ob- 
 iiquuni, in rectum findi. 
 
 cleaver; doiahra- v. chopper. 
 
 cleaving: fissio: Cic. (but more usu. 
 expr. by verb). 
 
 clef ('1 music) : *clavis ; or perh. 
 signum (Ivr.). 
 
 cleft (s"bs.) : 1. fissiira (of such 
 a c. as might he made with a sharp 
 tool): Col.: Plin. 2. liiatus, us (a 
 deep, yawning c): v. chasm. 3. 
 
 rima: v. chink. 4. chasma, atis, n. 
 (of the apparent c. in the ski/ from wh ich 
 lightnings issue): Plin.: Sen. Phr . 
 to open in c.s, fatisco (v. fissure) : de- 
 hisce (V. TO gape) : etc. 
 
 Clert (part, and adj.): v. cloven. 
 
 clematis : clematis, lOis, /. : Plin. ; 
 also vitis silvestris : Plin. 
 
 clemency; clementia- c. and mild- 
 ness (of rule), c. mansuetudoqiic, Cic ; 
 gentleness and c, lenitas et c, Cic. (cle- 
 mentia is often used in this way with 
 some cognate substantive) : v. mildness, 
 GENTLENESS. (Clementia, according to 
 Habicht, is the disposition which refuses 
 to be hurried into violent or intemperate 
 measures : lenitas, natural fineness and 
 gentleness of feeling ; niausuetudo, niiW- 
 ness as opp. to natural untamed fero- 
 city; Syn. } 252.) With c« clemeuter; 
 
 CiC! V. MILDLY. 
 
 clement ; clemens. If nis, mansuPtus • 
 
 V. MERCIFUL, KIND, GEKTLE (aud^f. pre- 
 
 ced. art.). 
 
 clemently (rare): clementer: Cic: 
 
 V. GENTLY, MERCIFrLLY. 
 
 clench (subs ) : jocus inurhanus, in- 
 facetus. scurrilis: v. joke, jest. 
 
 cl'^nch or clinch ('• ) : |. I. i t. : 
 to tiend (a nail) back ; to bend or com- 
 press the fingers into the form of a fist. 
 Phr.: to e. a nail. *clavum retundere- 
 to c. Me /lS<,digitrlscomprime^epugnum- 
 que facere (ordigitiscompres~lspugnum 
 facere), Cic ||, Vi^.. to make secure 
 an argument' perh. clavo tiiibali tigere 
 (lit. to make Jast with a beam-nail , a 
 proverbial expr. = to make doubly sure) : 
 Cic Verr. 5, 21, $3. (.\ot argumentum 
 premere, ■» hich is simply to press or 
 insiitt on an argument.) 
 
 Clepsydra : ciep.sydra (a kind of 
 water-clock): Cic: Mart, 
 
 clergy; I. ^'f* uhole borhi of 
 
 cleigym-n : clerus, i (Gr, icAijpo?) Tert. 
 (May also be expr. by the pi. of clericus 
 or ecclesiasticus: v.ri.Eiir.vvAN.) ||, 
 Legal term ; as In phr. benefit if clergy ; 
 i. e. privilege of the clerical order befrrre 
 a secular tribunal: privilcgium cleri- 
 conim , Cod. Theod. (gen. term for all 
 clerical privileges). 
 
 clergyman; 1, clericus: Hier 
 2, ecclesla.^tTcus : i. e. o person en- 
 gaff^ in any ecclesiastical function v. 
 
 ECCLESIASTIC. 
 
 clerical : 1. clericus : c. ordma- 
 126 
 
 tion, ordinatio c, Cypr. 2. clericalis, 
 6: Sidon. 3. ecclesiasticus: v. ec- 
 clesiastical. Phr.. the c. office, cleri- 
 catus, us ; Hier. 
 
 clerk: I. a clergyman: q. v. ||. 
 An accountant or other writer : actd- 
 arius ; scriba • v. accocntant, secre- 
 tary, Phr.: to be ocscriptum facere, 
 Liv. V. CLERKSHIP : c. of the market, 
 praefectus annonae (but only with ref. 
 to provisions) : Tac. ; in the Greek 
 phraseology of PI., ag6ran6mus (= iyo- 
 pai'onos) : c. of the customs, scnba 
 portorii (Kr.) : c. of the works (in build- 
 ing), (.?)e.\actor operum (strictly a kind 
 of taskmaster) : v. ex. in Forcell. s. v. : 
 parish c, (?) minister sacrorum. 
 
 clerkship : 1. minlstgrium scri- 
 barum ■ Liv. 4, 8 (where the term de- 
 notes the service of clerks or seo etaries 
 generally). 2. scriptum (both of the 
 q/S<e and of the work): he (Horace) nas 
 appointed to a c. in the quaestor's O'ice. 
 s. riuaestorium comparavit. Suet. . to 
 hold a c , or l)e a clerk, scriptum ficere, 
 Liv. 3. scribJStus, is (only of the 
 o//ice) ; to appoint to a c, ad s. nomi- 
 nare, Cod. .Just. 
 
 clever : 1. sollers. rtis V SKIL- 
 FUL. 2. callidus (prop, referring to 
 experience; tiom callum, the hard skin 
 if a workman: but applicable to arfj-oi^- 
 ness of all kinds) : very c. at under- 
 standing ancient writings, tn intellig- 
 endis veteribus scriptis bene c, Gell. : 
 a c. invention, c. inventum. Nep. . with 
 prep, and ace. ; c. at any business, c. ad 
 aliquam rem, PI. Poet, wiih intin. : c. 
 at hilling aught he chooses, quicqukl 
 placuit condere c, Hor. 3. valer, 
 
 fra. frum (triclry, sly, artful) : the cle- 
 verest inteipreter of the dreams of the 
 Stoics, Stoieorum somniorum valfiri- 
 mus interpres, Cic. N. 1). i, 15, jS (hut 
 even here the word implies a dishmiest 
 cleverness). 4. astiiius: v. sly, cun- 
 ning. 5. ingeniosus (i. e. possessed 
 of natural ability): c. at anything, 
 ad aliquid in., Ov. : also with in and 
 ahl.: Mart. Very c, peringeniosus : 
 Cic. 6. scllus (i. e. knoiving : " up 
 
 to things" generally: esp. in comic 
 writers): PI. joins several words which 
 when so used are nearly sjTionymous : 
 homo astutus, doctus, scitus et callidus. 
 7. versiitus (quick; always ready 
 with schemes and stratagems : '• ver- 
 siitos eos appello quorum mens celeriter 
 versatur," Cic): used often in combi- 
 nation with callidus, vafer, aciitus, etc. : 
 Cic PI.- V. SLY. Phr.: a c. rogue, 
 vgtCrator, PI. • Cic. • the poems of Lucre- 
 tius have not much brilliancy of genius, 
 but they are very c, Lucretii poemata 
 non multis luminibus ingenii, multae 
 t;>men artis sunt, Cic : v. apt, expert, 
 
 DEXTER0U.S. 
 
 cleverly: 1. soUerter, pgrite : V. 
 SKILFULLY. 2. scite . c. and uell.s. 
 
 et probe. PI. • to reason c. ami subtly, 
 s. subtiliterqne raiioclnarl, Gell. : of 
 works of art: Cic 3. docte: to play 
 on tlie harp c, d. psallere, Hor. 4. 
 
 astQte V. craftily, slvly. 5. in- 
 geniose : v. ingeniously. 
 
 cleverness : sollertia, callldltas ; 
 astutia. vnfrTtia: v. skilfulne-ss, cun- 
 ning : and comp. the art. clever. 
 
 clew : V. CLUE. , 
 
 click (''■ iind subs.) : no exact word ; 
 perhaps nothing nearer than crgpo, crep- 
 itus 
 
 client: |. in Roman sense; as 
 
 applied to the dependant.s of the patri- 
 cians (patroni) • cliens, ntis. m. and/.: 
 Liv. : Cic. A fem. form clienta is also 
 found ■ PI. : Hor. A body of clients, 
 clientela ("the sing, is rare in this 
 sense " Fore.) . he knew that there were 
 great bodies of Pompei/'s c s in thehiitier 
 provinces, magnas esse Pompeii c. in 
 citeriore provincia sciebat, Caes. (here, 
 how ever, the word is used in a general 
 sense of dependants : q. v.) Cic. ||. 
 In modern sense ; one who takes the cui- 
 dce of a law i/er : 1. consultor. Cic. : 
 Hor. 2. cliens • elude the c. that is 
 watching your front door by going out 
 
 at the hack, atria servantem postico fall* 
 c, Hor. : to a/ipear on behalf of vj, 
 adesse clientibus. Suet. (But strictly 
 our sense of client is only one element 
 in that of the Roman cliens.) 
 
 Clientship: clientela (the relation 
 of a cliens to bis patronus) : to be under 
 any one's protection and c, esse in fide 
 et c. alicujus, Cic. : I'er. : v. depekiv 
 ance, patronage. 
 
 cliff: 1. cauteg, is, /. (a sharp 
 
 rock) : Caes. : Virg. 2. scopulus (prop. 
 a vatch-tower or beacon-rock) : Virg. : 
 Caes. ; V. KOCK. 3. May perhaps be 
 more precisely expressed by a sutw. with 
 the adj. praeruptus : as, an island sur- 
 rounded on alt sides by c.s of immense 
 height, insula septa undique pracruptis 
 immensae altitudinis rupibus. Suet. 
 headlamls and c.s, proniuntoria et p. 
 saxa, Cic; simly. with abruptus. v. 
 steep, precipitous. 
 
 climacteric (.subs.) : climacter, erls, 
 m. : Plin. 7, 49, 50 (where, however, it 
 is in the pi., and should perhaps be 
 written with Greek letters): Gell. i, 
 !o. ("Annus sransilis, vel scalaris, qui 
 et gradaruis, et decretorius a medicig 
 dicitur " Forcell. s. v.) 
 
 climacteric, climacterical (<«*?.)•• 
 
 climacicricus Gell. (cf. preced. art.). 
 
 climate : 1. coelum or caelum : 
 c. not soul they change, who hurry o'er 
 the seas. c. non animum mutant qui 
 trans mare currunt Hor. or else c. has 
 bestowed peculiar phi/sical features, seu 
 positio coeli corporibus habitum dedit, 
 Tac. . features of c, coeli mos. mores, 
 Virg.: Plin. 2. temperies, ei,/. (a 
 well-tempered, mild c.) : you would 
 praise the c, t. laudes, Hor.. Plin. Ep. 
 3. 16ca, crura (with some qualifying 
 word) : the c. is more temperate than in 
 Gaul, the cohl being less severe, 1. sunt 
 temperatiora quam in Gallia, remissiori- 
 bus frigoribus, Caes.: a hot, cold, tn«- 
 perate c, loca ferventia, frigida, tem- 
 perata, Plin. N.B. Not clima, which is 
 a mathematical division of the earth: 
 see Diet. Ant. s. v. : nor aei; which refers 
 rather to the quality of the atmosphere 
 of any particular country, or its condi- 
 tion as hot or cold, etc. 
 
 climax; 1. giadatio: CSc. de Or. 
 !, 54, 207 : " gi-culatio quae dicitur 
 icAifiaf," (juint. 9, }, 54 ; from which 
 passage it appears that the figure gra- 
 datio required a repetition of each mem- 
 ber of the progression in passing from 
 it to the next ; as " Africaiio virtuteni 
 industria, virtus gloriam, gloria :iemulos 
 comparavit," ib. 2. progressio Cic. 
 1. c. : where, however, no explanation is 
 given. Forcell. s. v. says, " lortusse 
 est, cum in oratione semper aliquid 
 priore majus insequitur." 3. incre- 
 mentum pluribus gradibus factum : cf. 
 Quint. 3, 4, } 4. climax, acis, /.•: 
 Capell. Phr.: to rise in the nay of c, 
 per gradus ire. Quint, ib. : there is an 
 uninterrupted c, semper aliquid priore 
 majus insequitur; singula incrementum 
 habent, Quint, ib. to dwell upon the 
 points of a c, circa singulos gradus 
 moran, ib. 
 
 climb; I, In trans.: 1, scando, 
 di, sum, }: the cat c.s up to the bird's 
 nest. s. feles ad nidum volucris, Pliaedr. 
 Fig.: fear and conscience-stings c at 
 high as their master, timor et minae a. 
 eodem quo dominus, Hor. 2. inscendo. 
 ! (to c. into) : to c. up into a tree, in 
 arborem in., PI.: v. to mount. 3. 
 ascendo, escendo- v. to ascend. 4. 
 evado, si, sum, } (to c up) ; to c. up to 
 Vie. top of the roof, e. ad summi fastigia 
 rulniinis, Virg. : to c. over the enemies' 
 heiids, per capita hostium e.. Curt. : Liv. 
 5. enitor, nisus, and nixus, j ; (to 
 struggle up ; c. up with an effort) : to 
 c. up to the top nf a mountain, e. in 
 verticem montis. Curt. . tlte horses find 
 it hard to c. up when fresh at morn, 
 vix mane re.centes en. equi. Ov. 6. 
 transscendo or transcendo ? (to couerj; 
 to c. over into the enemies' ships, tr. m 
 hostium naves, Caes. ; to c. over a waH, 
 niaceriam tr., Caes. 7. siipervido, J
 
 Cumber 
 
 OI.OD 
 
 (LOSE WITH 
 
 (to c. over) : to c. oivr the ruins of a 
 waW, rulnas inuri s., Liv. ||. Trans.: 
 to mount bi/ c.ing : 1. scando, f : to 
 e. a mast, malum s.. Cic. K 1 g. ; cork- 
 ing care c.s the brass-beaked galley, s. 
 Heratas naves vitiosa cura, Hor. 2. 
 ascendo, escendo, conscendo, etc. : v. to 
 ASCEND. MOUNT. Also all the verbs 
 given under (I.) may convey the tran- 
 sitive notion either with or without a 
 prep., as, to c. the ridge of a hill, ad 
 summnm jujrum montis eniti, evadere ; 
 to c. a tree, in arborera inscendere, 
 escendere, etc. 
 
 climber : expr. by part., as, there 
 tvas no projection to help a c, *iiiliil 
 eminebat quixl scandi-nlibus au.xilio 
 esset. As sclent, term, the c.s (a class 
 of birds), *scangores; of plants, herbae, 
 arbores, quae cla\iculis suls taiii(uani 
 manibus se eripaint : of. Cic. Sen. i;, 52. 
 climbing (subs.) : ascensio. ascensus 
 (climbing up) .- v. ascent. (But more 
 usu. expr. by part of verb : as, to use 
 one's hands in c, manibus in ascendendo 
 seadjuvare; cf. Liv. 21, j6.) 
 
 clime: rgglo, lOca: v. REOioN, CLi- 
 
 MATK. 
 
 clinch : v. to clevch. 
 
 clincher : now nearly obsol. except 
 in colloq. language. P h r. : that^s a c. '. 
 perh. habet ! a phrase fif the arena • cf. 
 PI. Most. }, 2, 26: *illud quasi clavo 
 trabali fixum, adactum est : cf to 
 
 CLENCH. 
 
 cling : 1. adhaereo, haesi, haesum, 
 2 (with in and ahl., abl. alone, or dot.) : 
 to c. to a body, in corpore ad., Ov. : (my 
 shafts) sfiall c. to thy very hart, in tuis 
 visceribus adiiaerebunt (al. haerebunt), 
 Cic. K i g. : envy c.s to the most exalted, 
 ad. invidia altlssimis, Veil. (Kare and 
 poet, with ace. : Cic. : Lucr.) 2. i'l- 
 haereo, 2 (constr. same as 1) : he clasped 
 his hand and clung fast thereto, dex- 
 tram amplexus inhaesit, Virg. : v. to 
 ADHERE. 3. baereo, 2 (constr. sim. 
 to preceding) : to c. to any one's bosom. 
 in gremio alicujus b., Ov. : to c. to one 
 another in fond embraces, a\ iilis com- 
 plexibus h.. Ov. : to c. to any one's side. 
 alicujus later! h., Hor. 4. (Poet, of 
 persons embracing) : circumfundor, fiisus, 
 ?: v. TO EMBRACE. P h r. : to c. to a 
 hope (i. e. fondly cherish it), spem fovere. 
 Mart. : to c. topleasure, ease, etc.. volup- 
 tatem, otium, amplexari, Cic. : and simly. 
 with amplector, Cic. : v. to stick to. 
 
 clinic : i- e- one confined to his bed: 
 clinlcus : Hier. : cf. beuriddex. 
 
 clinical : P h r. : c. medicine, clinice, 
 es,/.; Plln. 
 
 clink ("•) ■" tinnio, 4 (applicable to 
 any tinkling, jingling sound). 
 
 clink (subs.) : tinnitus, us: v. jingle. 
 
 clip ; I'o shear, cut : 1, tondeo , 
 totondi, toiisum, 2 : to c. the beard, 
 barbam t.. Cic. : iirit/t the l/eard some- 
 what awkwardly c.'d, rusticius tou- 
 sus, Hor. : to c. vines, vites t., Plin. 
 
 2. attondeo, tondi, tonsum, 2 (i. c. 
 to c. lightly, or just on the surface) : to 
 c. vines, vites at., Virg. : v. "to crop. 
 
 3. detondeo, 2 : to c. shrubs, vir- 
 gulta d., Col. : to c. (i. e. shear) sheep, 
 oves d., Cat. : leai-ci c.'d off by mid, 
 detonsae frigore frondes, Ov. 4. niti- 
 tilo, I (i. e. to diock, mutilate) : to c. off' 
 the end of a xtiper's tail, caudam colu- 
 brae m., Ov. Fig.: to c. irords (in 
 pronunciation), verba m., I'llii. 5. 
 decurto, 1 (^niulilo): Arnob. (rare). 
 See also to fbcne, cut off or awav, 
 etc. N.B. Not circumcido, which sig- 
 nifies to gash alt round, as in the phnise 
 circumcidere arbores, Plin. 16, j(>, 74: 
 circumtondeo is without good authority 
 as a verb, though the p. part, circum- 
 tonsus occurs (I'etr.). 
 
 clipped (as 14? ■)•■ tonsllis, e: ac.box 
 grove or hedge, t. buxetum. Mart. : Plln. 
 
 clipping (s^bi!.); I. The act: ton- 
 sura: the c. of the hair, t. capillorum, 
 Ov. : Plin. (Or expressed by the verb.) 
 II. In pi. only : clippings : reseg- 
 mlna, um : Plin. : v. parincs. 
 
 clique: (.') globus: that c. of the 
 aristocracy, g lie nobilitatis. Sail. Jug. 
 
 85. See also faction, pabtt. N.B. 
 Not soualitai, which is not used in an 
 Invidious sen.^e. But cf. this with what 
 is said s. v. '• club " resiiecting the word 
 sodalitas. 
 
 cloak (suhs.): 1. pallium, dim. 
 palllOlum, jioet. palla (the last esp. of 
 the tragic robe, •'iMlla honesta," Hor. 
 A. P. 278, or a lady's mantle: q. v.): 
 this was " the most common article of 
 the amictus," or external attire (l>ict. 
 Ant. 852 a), and consisted of a simple 
 square of woollen or linen fabric (j). 
 laneum, linteum) : it also served as a 
 blanket on occasion. Strictly, therelbre. 
 It was rather a shawl (q. v.; than a 
 cloak. Wearing such a garment, pal- 
 liatus: Cic. 2. liicerna (a thick c. 
 
 used to throw over the toga in bad wea- 
 ther- Its form was similar to that of the 
 pallinni: v. Diet. Ant. .s. v.): Cic: Ov. 
 Wearimj the lacerna, lacernittus : Veil. 
 3. laena (= pallium laneum: rare): 
 Varr. : Cic. 4. paenula (a <rai'«?^n<7 
 c, with a cape or hood to it) : Cic. : Hor. 
 Dressed in such a c, paenulatus : Cic. : 
 Sen. 5. chliimys, \dis, _/'. (prop, a 
 foreign garment, lii/htfr and more orna- 
 mental than tJie preceding) : Cic. : Virg. 
 IVe/iring such ac.or scarf, chlamydiitus : 
 PI. : Cic. 6. anilcfilum (a general 
 term, applicable to any one of the pre- 
 ceding; corre.sponding as it does to 
 amictus: v. supr. 1): Cic: Nep. 7. 
 sfigum, sagiiluni (a soldier's c. ; whereas 
 the paludamentum was worn by gene- 
 rals and superior officers only : slaves 
 also wore stiga: see Cato, R. R. 59): 
 to put on the war-cloak, i. e. to enter a 
 state of nar, saga sumere, ad s. ire, Cic : 
 the term is sometimes applied to the 
 cloak of a general also, esp. when he is 
 not appearing in an official character : 
 cf. Liv. 21, 4. "militari sagulo opertus" 
 (of Hannibal). Wearing the military c, 
 sagatus: Cic. 8. paludamentum (a 
 general's official c. : v. No. 7) : Liv. : Plin. 
 Wearing such a c.,pa.l\i(latus: lAv. 9. 
 abolla (a thick c, uoin by philosophers) : 
 .Suet. : Juv. 10. endrfimis, tdis./. (a 
 coarse varm wrapper used by athletes 
 after going through their exercises) : 
 Mart. N.B. Kor cloak in fig. sense, see 
 
 pretext, PRETENCE. 
 
 cloak ("■) •• i. e. to hide a thing under 
 a pretext: 1. dissimiilo, i: to invent 
 nothing, c. nothing, conceal nothing, 
 nihil fingere, nihil d., nihil obtegere, 
 Cic: Sail.: v to DiscmSE, feign. 2. 
 praetendo, di, sum, and turn, j (lit. to 
 extend something in front, so as to hide 
 another thing : with ace. and dat.) : you 
 ate in the habit of c.ing your brutal 
 ways with the name of a great philo- 
 sopher (Pythagora,s), hominis doctissimi 
 nomen immimibus tuis moribus soles p., 
 Cic: Quint. 3. praetexo, ul, xtuin, 
 } (similar in sense to praetendo : with 
 ace. and abl.): to c. one's fault under 
 (anntlier) name, culpam (alio) nomine 
 p., Virg. : Tac. See also TO HIDE, pal- 
 liate, E.XCDSE. 
 
 clock : 1. hor(516glum (gen. term 
 for an instrument In mark the time): 
 Cic. : Plin. ^1 c. gnes, flops, is right, 
 wrong, (perh.) h. niovctur, moveri dn. 
 sinit, ad horas congruit. non cungruit; 
 recte, perperam horas indicat (chiefly 
 from Kr.). 2. solarium : prop, a 
 
 sun-dial ; but also used by Cic. of a 
 water-clock (s. ex aqua. N. D. 2, 54, 87). 
 3, horac. arum : nhen we see atiy- 
 thing moved by certain machinery, as a 
 sphere, a c, quum machiiiatione quadam 
 moveri aliquid videmus, ut sphaeram, 
 lit horas, Cic. 4. clepsydra (a water- 
 chick : Gr. icAci^Spa) : Cic. : Sen. P h r. . 
 what o'c. is it t hora quota est, Hor. . 
 to ask what o'c. it is, horas requirere. 
 Sen. ; horas quaerere, Plin. • at two (or 
 according to our reckoning about 8 a. m.) 
 o'c. next day, bora secunda postridie, 
 Cic. 
 
 clock-work : chiefly in such phr. as, 
 to move like c, *instar automatorum 
 moveri. 
 
 clod: gl5ba: to pelt am/ one away 
 unth c.s or stones, glebis aut saxis ali- 
 
 quera agere. Cic. : Hor. Vimin. glcbaiA. 
 a small c. : Col. (i-or the tig. sense, se* 
 
 BUJCKHEAD.) 
 
 clodhopper : v. clown. 
 
 clog (.fufts.): I. Lit: a high, 
 
 heavy tlioe : sculponia: the ordinary 
 voodeyi shoes furnished to slaves : ge« 
 Cato, R. R. 5g. ||. Fig.: mOra, Im- 
 p£dimentum : v. hindrance. Pbr. . 
 to act as a c. upon a pertrni, tardare 
 aliquem, Caes. : Hor. . to c. the progress 
 of an affair, nWcm rei moram et tardi- 
 tJteni afferre. Cic: v. foil, art, 
 
 clog (v.): I. e. to hinder, fetter : im- 
 pijdio, implico, tardo, etc. : v. to em- 
 BARRA.SS, fetter, delav : and comp. 
 preceding art. Phr.: a compact c.'d 
 with unfavourable coruiitions, foedus 
 conditionibus gravlbus incommoda- 
 tum (.'). 
 
 cloister : I. ^ portico (q. v.) : 
 
 porticns. ||. A monastery (c\. v.): as 
 in such phr. as tlte retirement of Ike c, 
 etc. : monastCrium, etc. 
 
 cloistral: v. monastic. 
 
 close('-'): A- Trans.: |. Lit.: 
 to shut or bring together : v. to shut. 
 
 1. claudo, si, sum, j : the Alps were 
 c.d by winter, dausae hieme Alpeg 
 sunt, Liv. : to c. the sluices, rivos c, 
 Virg. : toe. the line of march, 1. e. bring 
 up the rear, agmen or novissimum ag- 
 nien c, Caes. : to c. a work, opus c, Ov. 
 
 2. 5p6rio, ui. rtum, 4 (to corer up): 
 to c. doors, fores op., Plin. : he nas borne 
 in a c.d inter, operta lectica latus est, 
 Cic. : to c. the eyes, oculos <jp., Plin. 
 (oculos claudere is rather to shut the 
 eyes in death). 3. premo, pressi, 
 pressum, j (to press, close tightly) , to c. 
 the eyes or lips, oculos, os pr., Virg. 
 
 4. comprimo, pressi, pressum, j 
 (stronger than premo) : to c. the hand 
 tightly, in the Jorm of a fist, c. in pug- 
 num manum, Quint. ; digitos c. et pug- 
 num facere, Cic. 5. glitino, i (of 
 
 vounds) : if the edges of the u-ound 
 have c.d, si orae vulneris se glutinarunt, 
 Cels. 6. denso, i : or denseo, 2 (i. e. 
 to c. up thick together) : to c. the ranks, 
 ordines densare, Liv. ||. To bring Ic 
 an end: v. TO finish, conclude. (N.B. 
 Claudo is sometimes, but rarely, used 
 in this sense : as, to close a lustrum, or 
 period of five years, c. lustrum, Hor. : 
 and V. supr. 1.) Phr.: to c. a bargain, 
 emptionem, venditioncm contrahere, per- 
 ficere(the latter denoting more expressly 
 the completion of the contract), JusL 
 Inst. }, 2J : (N.B. Not negotium con- 
 ticere ; which is simply to finish a busi- 
 ness) : no bargain can be c.d without the 
 specijication of a price, nulla emptio 
 sine pretio esse fiotest or constat, ib. 
 B. I n t r a n s. : |. To come to- 
 gether, be shut up : 1. Expr. by 
 any of the transitive verbs under (A), 
 and the re/l. pron., or in pass.; as, the 
 eyes c, premuntur, premunt se oculi, 
 etc. . V. supr. 2. coCo, ivi and ii, 
 Itum, 4 : the eyelids of the sleeper do not 
 c, fialpebrae dormientis non c, Cels. • 
 the fingers c, digiti c, Ov. : claivs c.ing 
 to liite or pinch, forficlbus ad morsum 
 coeuntibus, Plin.: so of wounds c.ing: 
 Ov. : Cels. (cf. supr. 1. 5). ||. To 
 come to an end : expr. by pass, of verbs 
 for to finish, end. 
 
 in: I. Trans. : V. TO en- 
 close. II. I n t r. : phr. : to c. in upon 
 the enemy, undique fauces hostium prem- 
 ere, cf Cic Vorr. }, 7^>, 176; laucibus 
 (bostem) urgere. Sail. Cat. i2 (fin). 
 
 over : supervenio, vCni, ventum. 
 
 4 (rare): the earth c.d O'Cr lier legs as 
 she uas speaking, crura loqnentis terra 
 supervenit. Ov. (or expr. by pass, of 
 obduco: cf. Plin. ?, bi fin.). 
 
 UP : claudo, praet ludo, obsepio^ 
 
 etc. : v. TO BLOCK UP, SHUT I'P 
 
 with: I. Of fighting: (mSa- 
 
 um) cons(?ro, semi, rtum, } (to conu" to 
 an engagement) : Cic. • Liv Or more 
 precisely, cominus aggredi aliquem. Ire 
 in aliquem, Ov. : cominus giadio rem 
 gerere, Liv. (i. e. to fight at close quar- 
 ters) : simly rem ad mucrones et iiianu« 
 adducere, Tac. ||. Of bargains; to 
 
 127
 
 CL.OS E 
 
 C L, O T H K S 
 
 CLOVEN 
 
 accept, agree to : accipio : cf. Ter. And. 
 5. 4. 48. 
 
 close (adj.) : I. Packed closely to- 
 gether: 1. confertus (crowded toge- 
 ther: "serried," Milt.) very c. airay, 
 coiifertissima acies, Caes. ; to be drawn 
 up in closer array, confertiores stare, 
 Liv. Hence a/iv. confertim, in c. array, 
 Liv. : Sail. 2. arctus or artus {con- 
 fined; tightly packed: usu. in bad 
 sense, too c): c. dinner-parties, (i. e. at 
 which people sit too c. together), a. con- 
 vivia, Hor. : to be passed through a c. 
 sieve, cribro a. transire, Plin. : v. nar- 
 row, TIGHT. 8. spissus (iinth compo- 
 nent particles packed c. together) : v. 
 THICK. 4. densus (sim. to spissus ; 
 but spissus refers to particles packed to- 
 gether without perceptible interstices : 
 densus in less rigid sense to things 
 crowded tngfther ; opp. to rarus) : three 
 camps arranged very c. together, trina 
 castra densissima, Caes. ; enemies c. to- 
 gether, d. hostes. Virg. ■ v. dense. 6. 
 treber, bra, brum (frequent, numerous : 
 coming close upon one another) : veins 
 and arteries c. together and many, venae 
 et arteriae c. multaeque, Cic. P h r. : to 
 coTJie to c. quarters: v. to close with. 
 II. Of style; concise, fidl of maMer : 
 1, creber rerum frequentia ; Cic. (of 
 Thucydides). 2. densus: also applied 
 to Thuc. by Cic. : v. concise, con- 
 densed. Ill, Of relation or connexion, 
 intimate (q. v.): Phr. : to be on the 
 closest possible terms with any one, ali- 
 quo familiarissime uti, Cic. Vi^re is the 
 closest affinity between the orator and 
 the poet, est finitimus oratori poeta, Cic. : 
 very c. connexion, surama necessitudo. 
 Cic: Quint.: very c. attention, amimns 
 intentissimus : v. ATTENTrv'E. |V. Of 
 the atmosphere ; oppressive : crassus 
 atque gravis (the former referring to its 
 dense nature, as of Boeotia, Hor. Ep. 
 2, 1, 244 ; the latter to its unhealthiness : 
 Tac. H. 5, •;) ; impurus : v. fool, im- 
 pure. V, Niggardly (q. v.) : parcus, 
 miilignus : v. mean, sting v, (N.B. For 
 close^near, see foil. art.). 
 
 close {adv.) : 1, prSpe, proximS : 
 V. NEAR. 2. juxta (both as adv. and 
 as prep, with ace.) : he pitched his camp 
 c. to the ivalls, j. murum castra posuit, 
 Caes. : V. HABD Bv. N.B. The form 
 Juxtim also occurs, though rarely: 
 Lucr. ■ Suet. 3. May sometimes be 
 expr. by an adj. : as, they stand c. 
 around, densi circumstant, Ov. (cf. 
 CLOSE, adj. I). Phr.: to be c. at hand, 
 adesse, subesse (v. near, to be) ; or of 
 a hostile attitude, alicui in cervicibus 
 esse, Liv. (but denoting an actually me- 
 nacing danger, not a merely impending 
 one: Liv. 22, }}); alicui supia caput 
 esse. Sail. : Liv : comp. to close with 
 and see closely. 
 
 close (subs.) : I. An enclosed place : 
 septum, clausum v. enclosure. ||. 
 Termination: 1. exilvts,us: tobring 
 anything to a c, adducere aliquid ad 
 ex., Cic. : at tlie c. of the former year, 
 exitusuperioris anni, Liv. . v. end. 2. 
 clausula r the c. of an edict, Cic. : esp. of 
 the c. of a period in rlietnric, Cic. . to 
 bring anything to a c, alicui rei c. im- 
 ponere, Col. : Sen. |||, A grapple in 
 wrestling : luctatio . v. struggle. 
 
 close-fisted : parens, restrictus, 
 astrictus: v. niggardly. 
 
 close-fistedness : parsimonia, tSn- 
 acitas : v. mogaruli:-.kss, meanness. 
 
 closely ; P h r. : to sit c. arete sed- 
 ere, Cic. . to embrace c, arcle com- 
 plecti, Cic. : things very c. connected, res 
 subtiliter connexae, Lucr.: to follow any 
 one very c, alicujus vestigiis ingredi, Cic. 
 to question any one c, ex aliquo subti- 
 liter, diligefiter, exacte, de aliqua re 
 quaerere: v. accurately, carefully; 
 intimately. 
 
 Closeness: I. Thickness ((\. v.) . 
 
 densitas. |j. Nearness (q. v.) pro- 
 pinqultas. In fig. sense, of c. of rela- 
 tion : P h r. : nothing can exceed the c. 
 of these ties, *hi3 necessitudinibus arc- 
 tins nihil esse potest (v. connexion) ; 
 in accordarux with the c. of our con- 
 128 
 
 nexion with each other, pro conjunctione 
 nostra, Cic. Hj. Of style: in most 
 cases expr. by culj. or by a phr. : as, to 
 aim at the c. of the style of Thucydides, 
 studere se, tanquam Thucydidem, rerum 
 frequentia crebrum esse : remarkable 
 for the c. of his style, ob densum ser- 
 monem insignis (cf. close, adj.). |V, 
 i. q. penui-umsness (q. v.) ; tenacitas ; 
 (nimia «. astricta) parsimonia: v. nig- 
 gardliness. V. Of the air : gravl- 
 tas, impuritas: v. unhealthiness, im- 
 purity. 
 
 close-stool : 1. lasanum : Petr. 
 2. sella pertusa- Catu: also simply 
 sella, Scrib. : s. familiarica, Varr. 
 
 closet (*■) •■ '• P- " small roam • \, 
 aedlciila- PI. 2. cella: Ter.: Cic. ; 
 v. chamber, cabinet. 
 
 closet ("0 : chiefly in p. part. : as 
 to be c.'d with any one, •in cubiculo se- 
 cretiore cum aliquo esse; arbitris remo- 
 tis cum aliquo loqui : v. privately^. 
 
 clot (subs.) : *sanguinis concreti gutta 
 (.') ; or simply, concretus sanguis, cruor : 
 
 Gf;f 
 
 Cf. foil, art 
 
 clot (''•) •■ c56o, concresco : v. to 
 CURDLE. Chiefly used in p. part. : clot- 
 ted, concretus: hair c.d or matted to- 
 gether with blood, concreti sanguine 
 crines, Virg. : v. curdled. 
 
 cloth : 1. textum (esp. in pi.) : 
 coarse c, t. rude, Ov.: precious c, texta 
 pretiosa, Ov. : Mart. 2. textile, is, 
 n. (often pi.) : carefully made, fine 
 c, t. operosum, Cic. : painting on c, 
 pictura in textili, Cic. : Liv. : they use its 
 leaves for c, ejus foliis uiuntur ad tex- 
 tilia, Plin. (JN.B. I'annus appears never 
 to be used for cloth as a fabric, but 
 always of a jnece of clith, a garment, 
 etc. : V. patch.) Special terms : linen 
 c, linteum, Cic. : ]Min.: liair or scu:k-c., 
 cllicium : VaiT. : Cic. : a table c, stra- 
 gula vestis: a term applicable to any 
 kind of cloth used to spread over any- 
 thing. 
 
 clothe: 1. vestio, 4 (the most 
 comprehensive term) : to be c.d in tri- 
 umphal dress, habitu triuniphali ves- 
 tiri, Plin. : some animals are covered 
 witk hides, others c.d v ith fur, ani- 
 mantes aliae coriis tectae sunt, aliae 
 \nllis vestitae, Cic: the mountains are 
 c.d with forests, monies silvis vesti- 
 untur, Liv. : to c. and adorn one's dis- 
 coveries with eloquence, inventa v. atque 
 omare oratione, Cic. : Quint. 2. con- 
 vestio, 4 (to c completely : rare and 
 chiefly poet.) : the ivy has c.d every- 
 thing, omnia convestivit hedera, Cic. : 
 Lucr. 3. vglo, I (prop, to veil, drape, 
 cover) : clad in the toga, volatus toga, 
 Liv. : clad in a purple garment, pur- 
 purea velaius veste, Ov. 4. indiio, 
 m, Htum, J (chiefly with pron. reflect. 
 or as pass. ; in sense of to c. oneself : 
 see also to put on) : c.d in a gihled 
 mantle, palla inaurata ind\itus, Auct. ad 
 Her. : Cic. : also poet, with ace. of that 
 which is put on : clad in the spoils of 
 Achilles, exuvias indutus Achillei, Virg. 
 (where the constr. is that of the Gr. Mid. 
 Verb). Esp. me ton. : gods c.d in the 
 human form, dii induti specie human a, 
 Cic. : the tree c.s itself with fruit, pomis 
 se induit arbos, Virg. : c.d as it were in 
 two characters, indutus duabus quasi 
 personis, Cic. 5. amicio, Icui, and ixi, 
 ictnm, 4 (i. e. to throw or wrap around ; 
 hence only with ref. to external cloth- 
 ing) : c.d in a purple toga, amictus toga 
 purpurea, Cic: with thy radiant shoul- 
 ders c.d in cloud, nube candentes hu- 
 ineros amictus, Hor. 
 
 clothes, clothing: 1. vestis, 
 is, / (also including all kinds of dra- 
 pery) : to strip the fallen of their c, 
 jacentes veste spoliare, Nep. ■ Cic: v. 
 DRKss. 2. vpstiius, us (ouly used of 
 clothir.g whether li-t. or fig.) ■ woman's 
 c , v. <ntilie'ins, Cic: one's necessary c, 
 necessarius y., Cic. : the verdant cloth- 
 ing of the banks, riparum v. viridis, 
 Cic. 3. v« stimentum (any single 
 
 article of dress: hence, in pi. clothing 
 in general): to change one's c, vesti- 
 menta mutare, Cic (which must be 
 
 carefully distinguished from vettittmt 
 mutare, to go into vumming) : Hor. 
 4. amictus, us (outer clothing) : v. 
 DRESS. 5. velamen, Inis, n. (stricily, 
 a covering : poet.) : Virg. : Ov. Special 
 terms and phr. : cast off c.s, exiiviae, 
 PI. : old C.S, scruta, orum, Lucil. ap. 
 Gell. ; and hence, an old c.s-man, scriita- 
 rius, ib. ; the btisiness of such, scrutaria, 
 Apul. : an old cs-shop, scrutarium. 
 Gloss. : a c.s-chest, area vestiaria, Cato : 
 a c.s-press, vestiarium, Plin. : a dealer 
 in C.S, vestiarius, Ulp. : bed-c.s, stra- 
 giila vestis, or simply stragiilum, Cic: 
 V. also COVERLET : o servant whose busi- 
 ness it is to look after c.s, vestispex, 
 fern, vestispica, Inscr. ; also servus a 
 veste or ad vestem : Inscr. (Fore s. v.) : 
 a full suit ofcs, synthesis, is,/.; Mart. 
 
 clothier : vestiarius : v. clothes 
 (phr.). 
 
 clothing ; vestitus, vestlmenta, etc • 
 V. clothes. 
 
 clotted : concretus : v. to clot. 
 
 cloud : !• nubes, is, /. (the most 
 comprehensive term) : summer c.s, aes- 
 tivae n , Virg. ; a dark gloomy c, atra 
 n., Hor. : c.s gather, n. globantur, Plin. 
 Melon.: a c. of dust. n. pulveris, 
 Liv. : c.s of locusts, n. locustarum, Liv, 
 Fig.: banish the c. from, your brow, 
 deme supercilio n., Hor. : to grasp at c.t 
 and unsubstantial things, nuljes et inania 
 captare, Hor. iWmin. nubecula, a smaU 
 
 c. (both lit. and fig.): Cic: Plin. 2. 
 nubila, orum (only in pi. ; mostly poet.) : 
 Jove cleaving the c.s with gleaming fire, 
 Diespiter igni corusco n. dividens, Hor. : 
 to scatter the c.t, n. disjicere. Quint. 
 
 3. nimbus (a dark c. of ram or 
 storm) : C.S obscured the day, involvere 
 diem n., Virg. : a dense c. densus n., 
 Liv. Me ton.: a c. of yellow sand, 
 fulvus n. arenae, Virg. : a c. of foot-sol- 
 diers, n. peditum, Virg. : ac.qf mitsiles, 
 n. telorum, Lucan. Fig.: / am glad 
 that this c. (or storm) has quickly pcLSsed 
 by, hunc quidem n. cito transisse laetor, 
 Cic Phr.: to throw a c. over anything 
 (of that which renders gloomy): tene- 
 bras, caliginem obducere : v. gloom. 
 
 cloud ("•)•■ chiefly in pass. Phr.: 
 the sky is suddenly c.'d over, eripiunt 
 subito nubes coelum, Virg.; tenebrae, 
 nubes, se coelo obducunt: cf. Plin. 11, 
 J 7. 54; (<"■. coelum nubibus obduci- 
 tur, for obduco admits both construc- 
 tions) ; removent subeuntia nubila ces- 
 ium, Ov. F. 2, 49) ; also simply nitbllat 
 (impers.) : Varr. Niibesco, to be c.'d 
 over, become cloudy, is of doubtful aiithn- 
 rity ; and obnubilo, to becloud, appears 
 to occur only in fig. sense (Gell.). 
 
 cloud-born : niblgena, m. : CoL : 
 Stat. 
 
 cloud bringing: nubtfer, era, 
 gruiu : the c. S. wind, n. Nolus, Ov. 
 
 cloud-capped : nubifer : c. Apen- 
 nines, n. Apenninus, Val. Flac. . 
 
 cloudless: 1. serenus- v. PAim. 
 2. apertus ; v. open. Phr.; cloud- 
 less sky or weather, purum, Hor. ; moro 
 usu. : sudum : Virg. . Apul. 
 
 cloudy . 1, nubilus : o c. sky, n. 
 coelum, Plin. (or simply nubilum, Plin.: 
 Suet.): a c. year, n. annus, Tib.: the c 
 hue of a pearl, n. color margaritae, Plin. 
 Fig.: a. c. mind, n. mens, PI. ; c. times, 
 n. tempora, Ov. : Quint. : somewhat c, 
 subnQbllus- Caes. 2. obnubTlus 
 
 (rare) : poet, ap Cic. 3. nubilosus 
 (rare) : Apul. ( For to become c. or over- 
 ca.<:t, see to cloud.) 
 
 clout (subs.) : pannus : v. patch. 
 
 clout (''•) •■ chiefly in p. part, clout- 
 ed: pannosus, pannuceus, pannis obsil- 
 us : V. patched. 
 
 clove : *caryophyIlus aromaticus, 
 Linn. (Caryophyllum or garyophyllum 
 occurs in Plin., but it is not certain what 
 plant is meant ) 
 
 cloven : 1, bisulcus : a c. tongue, 
 b. lingua, v.; a c. Aoof, b. ungula, I'lin.: 
 animals with c. hoofs, bisulca, orum, 
 Plin. 2. duplex, Icis- c. tongues, 
 
 d. linguae, PI.: ac. Q)fig.,d. ficus, Hor, 
 Phr.; c. into three, trisulcus. Virg. : 
 Ov. : c. into many segments, multitUliat:
 
 CLOVEN- FOOT ED 
 
 <<^ A I,- V K S $ E L 
 
 COATING 
 
 Ov. : I'lin. : not c. (as the hoofs of 
 horses), indivisus: Varr. 
 
 cloven -footed : bisulcas uogulas 
 liabens (v. prcceil. art.) 
 
 clover : mediea Q) : Virg. : Plin. 
 CVhe trifoliiini referral to by Pliny, 21, 
 9, JO, may have been a kind of cloier, 
 but It Is uncertain. He speaks of It 
 only as used by clmplet-makers, and not 
 as agricultural produce.) 
 
 clown : 1. -•' countryman : 1. 
 rustlcus homo or simply rustlcus : Cic : 
 Hor. 2. homo agrestis (implying 
 
 rough boorUhuess) : Cic. 3. fossor 
 (lit. digyer): Cat.: Hor ||. A buf- 
 foon : q. V. 
 
 clownish : 1. rustlcus (i. e. sa- 
 vouring of the countrj', innocent of town 
 refinement): v. ru.stic, awkward. 2. 
 agrestis, e: v. mwRisn, klde. 
 
 clownishlv : rustics . to speak c, r. 
 loqui, Cic : Hi)r. : v. awkwarulv. 
 
 clownishness : 1. rusiidtas 
 
 poUUiiess, Ine "p/xmle of which is c, 
 urbanitas, cui contraria est r., (Juint. : 
 V. AWKWARi)Nh>is. 2. mores rustici. 
 
 incultl : V. CLOWNI.SH, UNCULTIVATED. 
 
 cloy : satio, satilro . v. to satiate. 
 Phr. : "Milton lais vai-ied his numbeis 
 in such a manner as to be incapabl/i of 
 satiating the ear and c.ing the rea/ler," 
 (Spect.), *ita iiumeros suos variavit ut 
 minime aures quasi putlda dulcitudine 
 ealientur. 
 
 cloying (<'4?1- *adeo dulcis ut puti- 
 dum sit ; ut fastidium £. nauseam mo- 
 veat. 
 
 club (suhs.): I. A cudgel: \, 
 clava : o kiwtty c, (of Hercules), trlno- 
 dis c, Ov. : to maul severely with c^ 
 and ctulgels, male mulcare c. ac fusti- 
 bus, Cic. 2. fustis: \'. cuixiel, staff. 
 The bearer of a c. (esp. of Hercules), 
 clavTger, eri: Ov. ||, A number of 
 persons comlnned for some common ob- 
 ject: 1, sodallias (originally a mere 
 friendly association) : c.s were instituted 
 during my quaesturship, s. ine quaes- 
 tore constitutae sunt, Cic. Ksp. as 
 afterwards became the case, for some 
 secret illegal purpose : Cic. The members 
 q/' ^ucA c.s, sddiiles: PI.: Cic. 2. sod- 
 alltium or -iciuni (i. q. sodalitas, which 
 however appears to be the better form) : 
 PUn. 3. collegium : he (Caesar) 
 
 broke up the c.s, except those established 
 of old, cuncta c. praeter antiqiiitiis cou- 
 stituta distraxit, .Suet, (also dissolvere, 
 in same sense, Suet.): Cic. (I'he term 
 collegii'jn was originally applied esp. to 
 the body of quaestors, tribunes ; the 
 ('apitoline artifuers, and some other cor- 
 porations : Forcell. s. v.) 4, hetaeria 
 (Gr. tTaipi'a) : Plin. Ep. ; who applies 
 the term to what we should aill guilds 
 or trades-unimis. In a bad sense the 
 tenn factio is used to stigmatise liodies 
 of the above kind : Plin. Ep. : Suet. : 
 
 V. SOCIKTV, CIRCLE. 
 
 club together (>'■).• pecunias con- 
 ferre (used by Suet. Caes. 19, of con- 
 tributing to the expenses of an election): 
 V. TO CONTRIBUTE ■ cciiispiro, conjiro: 
 
 V. TO CONSriRE, COM BINE. 
 
 club-footed: pedes pravos ac dis- 
 tortos liubens. 
 
 club-moss: (?)selago, inis,/. .• Plln. 
 
 cluck (''.).' 1, singultio, 4: Col. 
 2. glocio, 4: Col. (The fonner of 
 the ordinary noise made by a hen with 
 her young. Col. 8, \\, fm.; the latter, 
 premonitory of laying : " glocientibus ; 
 iic tnim appellant rustice eas aves quae 
 volunt incubaro," Col. 8, ;, init.) 3. 
 glocido, gluttlo=glocio : Kest. s. v. 
 
 cluck {suhs.) : singultus, us : (^I. 8, 
 5, init. ( Hut usu. expr. by verb : v. 
 preced. art.) 
 
 clue: glomus, Sris, n. (a ball or c. 
 of yarn): Lucr. : Hor. Phr.: toguide 
 one's steps by a c, regere tilo iter, Virg. ; 
 lino duce regere Iter, Prop. : to give a c. 
 to one's (real) meaning, sermonis ansas 
 dare, quibus reconditos ejus sensus all- 
 quis tenere possit, Cic. 
 
 clump: esp. of trees: perh. globus; 
 or bf Her, arbores globo densae : v. 
 
 GBOL'l-. 
 
 clumsily : 1. Inscite (without 
 
 address or skill): to joke c. In. Jocarl, 
 Cic. : a c. built ship, in. facta navis, LIv. 
 2, rustice : v. awkwardlv. 3. 
 vastij (esp. of broad , ungainly pronun- 
 ciation): to specie c. (or broadly), v. 
 loqul. Cic: Quint. 4. InelCgaiiler: 
 
 v. INKLEGANTLV. 
 
 clumsiness : rusrtdtas : v. awk- 
 
 WARDNF.V7. .Si-e also INELEG.\NCE, UN- 
 
 iviKLi)iNf>B; and foil. art. 
 
 clumsy : I, Of figure, gait, etc. : 
 
 I. InhablUs, e : 1. e. unmanageable, 
 unwieldy: q. v. 2. vastus (after 
 the manner of bulky things) : in fea- 
 tures and gait c. and awkward, vultu 
 motuque corporis v. atque agrestis, 
 Cic. : (Jell. See uncouth, awkward. 
 
 II. Of skill, address: 1. insci- 
 
 tllS: V. UNSKILFUL. 2. rUStlCUS, 
 
 agrestis : v. clownish. See also bude, 
 
 INELEGANT. 
 
 cluster (subs.): |. Lit.: of 
 
 fruit, etc. 1, racemus (esp. oj grapes) : 
 Virg. . C.S half-ripened (strictly lialf- 
 coloured), r. varii, Ov. ; r. lividl. Hor. ; 
 llventes. Prop. : c.-bearing, raccmifer, 
 (5ra, firum : Ov. 2. uva (prop, of 
 grapes, and denoting the fruit of the 
 x-ine generally) : 2000 c.s (on a single 
 vine), uvarum duo mlllia, C!ol. (but the 
 precise sense of cluster is rare). Also 
 used meton. : esp. of a cluster or siearm 
 of bees : Virg. 3. cOrjTiibus, i, to. (of 
 fruit or flowers : esp. of ivy berriis) : 
 Virg. .Ov. J|. Melon.: of any group. 
 Phr.: ac.of islands, •celebrit.is msu- 
 larum : a c. of peiple, circiilus, Cic. : 
 Mart. : v. GROtJp. 
 
 cluster ("•) ■• to leather or flock close 
 together, swarm (q. v.). See also foil. art. 
 
 clustering (a<lj-): 1. racemllcr, 
 era, Grum : c. grapes, r. uvae, Ov. 2. 
 riiccmosus: c. grapes, r. uvae, Plin.: o 
 c.floiier, T. flos, I'lin. 
 
 clutch (v.): arripio, ripui, reptum, 
 
 J : V. TO SEIZE, SNATCH AT. 
 
 clutches (subs.) : only in certain 
 collo(|. phr. : to escape out of any ones 
 c , *alicujus manus effugere : to have 
 any one in one's c., aliquem in sua 
 potestate ac ditione tenere, Cic. (but 
 less familiar than the Eng.) : v. gkasi', 
 
 PO^VER. 
 
 clyster : 1. clyster, gns, TO. 
 
 (Gr. kAvctttjp) : to introduce by nieayis 
 of a c , per clysterem immittere. Suet. : 
 to move the bovels by a c, alvum pei- 
 c. ducere, Scrib. (also simply, alvum 
 ducere, Cels.): to tmploy a c, ciyslerizo, 
 I : Coel. Aur. 2, 'otio (pure Ijatiii 
 for 1) : Cels. 3. clysterium, clysmus : 
 Scrib. 
 
 coach : currus, Ciirpentum, rheda, 
 etc.: v. CARRIAGE, CHARIOT. Phr.: a 
 hackney c, vehlculum meriiorium (ap- 
 plicable to any lUied eonveyance). Suet. : 
 a stage-c, perhaps vehiculum publicum, 
 Kr. ex Anim. 
 
 coachman : rhedarius, auriga: v. 
 
 CHARIOTEER, DRIVER. 
 
 coadjutor: adjruor, auxlliator; min- 
 ister, administer (the two latter implying 
 inferiority): v. assistant. 
 
 coagulate : cd6o, concresco (intr.) : 
 coiigfllo (trans.) : v. to curdle. 
 
 coagulation : cOagulatlo : Plin. 
 
 coal: carbo, onis, to.: i.e. charcoal 
 (q. V.) ; but for ordinary language suf- 
 ficiently precise, red-hot c.s, c. candcns, 
 CU-. ; c vivus ("live c"), Petr. (i. q. 
 pruna, Viig. : I'lin.) (N. B. Carbo is 
 used in both sing, and pi. for "coals.") 
 The modem coal may bf more precisely 
 rendered by carho fossilis : small c.s, 
 carbunculi, Auct. ad Her. Pro v.: to 
 carry c.s to .\ewcastle, in silvam ligna 
 ferre, Hor.; in litus arenas fundere. In 
 mare fundere aquas, Ov 
 
 coal-hole: *oella carbOnarla. 
 
 coal-merchant: <i"i negotium car- 
 bonarium exercet: Aur. Vict. (Carbo- 
 narlus is strictly a charcoal-burner or 
 seller.) 
 
 coal-mine or pit : *fBdina carbsna- 
 ria: V. MINE. 
 
 coal-vessel or barge : naN-is, linter 
 carbonaiia : v. oolliek. 
 K 
 
 coalesce : 1. c6&lesco, iltii, U- 
 tum, } : toe. readily (of the Trojans and 
 Aborigines), facile c. Sail. ; more fully, 
 in unius populi corpus c, Liv. - a double 
 vowel is incapable of c.ing in one sound, 
 subjecta sibi vocalis in unum sonum c 
 nequit, Quint.: v. to grow togetheb, 
 
 combine. 2. C650 V. to JOIN, UNITE. 
 
 coalition: 1. cOliio(usu. in bad 
 sense, and luarly equlv. to the legal sig- 
 nlf. of " conspiracy ") : a c. of the tri- 
 bunes, c tribunoriim, Liv. : die. 2. 
 conjunciio: v. connexion, allianci! 
 N.B. Not co<Ut(u> or cooZiCuj, which are 
 without good authority. 
 
 coarse: I. Of fabrics, materials: 
 opp. to /ine. 1. crassus: a c. thrrad, 
 c. filum, Cic. : a c. toga, c. toga, Hor. 
 Fig.: a coarser Muse, as they coil it, 
 crasslor, ut vocant, Musa. Quint 2. 
 rudis, e (of that which is unftnisfied or 
 rimgh) : c. cloth, r. textum, Ov. (But 
 rudis lana is unwrought wool, not 
 coarse: Ov.) Phr.- c. salt, sal popu- 
 larls, (iito • c. In'ead. panis secundariug 
 (Suet.), or cibarlus (Cic ). ||. Of man 
 ners, language : rough, unpolished : 1, 
 
 inCUltUS: V. UNCULTIVATED, RUDE. 2. 
 
 illlbgralis, e: o c. Icind of jesting, Jo- 
 candi 11. genus. Cic. : v. ungentls- 
 MANLV. 3- fnhumiinus: v. ill-brkd. 
 4. inf5cetus oi- infic. (uanting in 
 art or grace) : Cat. 5. obscSnus ; L e. 
 obscene : q. v. 
 
 coarsely: 1. crasse (both Uv 
 and tig. ; corresponding to the adj. : v. 
 coarse, 1): Fig. : a poem c. or it;- 
 elegantly composed, poema c. illepideve 
 composit'iM. Hor. 2. InfT'cgte or 
 
 infic. (jvithout taste or grace) : Suet.: 
 Plin.: V. BCDEi.v, imioi.itely. 
 
 coarseness: I, Lit.: opp. to 
 
 fineness: crassiludo, inis, /. : v. thick- 
 ness, and cf. coarse (I). May often b« 
 expressed by means of adj. : as, con- 
 spicuous for the c. 01 his toga, *insignls 
 propter togam crassioroni, eia ||. 
 
 Of manners, language, unrefined ■ mores 
 illlberales, Inficeti: sermoris (jocandi) 
 genus illibeiale, iuhcetum, obscenum: v. 
 coar;e. 
 
 coast (subs.) : 1. ora : the c. of 
 Greece, ora Graeciae, Cic: the sea c, o. 
 maritima, Caes. 2, litus or littvis, 
 
 oris, »(.: v. shore. N.B. Ora denotes a 
 coast simply as o border (q. v.); lilus 
 refers exclusively to the sea-coast. 
 
 coast (i'-) •• 1. l^go, legl, lectnm, 
 ! : he c.s along the shore of Italy, navl- 
 biis oram Italiae legit, Liv. : Ov. (cf. 
 V'irg. A. 2, 207, "pontum legere"). 2. 
 praetervglior, rectus, j (with ace,): v. 
 to sail by or past. 
 
 coasting (adj.) : 5rarius : a coasting- 
 vessel (coaster), navis o., I'lin. Ep. Phr.; 
 c.-trade, *commercium cjuod jier naves 
 orarias fit ; or perh. simply, commer- 
 ciiim orarium. 
 
 coat («'«'»'.): I. T!ie modem ar- 
 ticle of dress: as our "coals" were ud- 
 known in ancient times we can only use 
 an approximation; us perh., iQiiIca (v. 
 tunic), or some such general term as 
 vestlmentum (In old English "coat" 
 simply meant "garment;" cf Dan. Hi. 
 21): v. also great-coat. ||. A coat 
 of mail: 1. lorica (prop, one made of 
 leather) : encumbered with cs <f mail, 
 graves loricis, Liv. : of linen : I. lintea. 
 Suet.: o/'mai7^oper; 1. consertahamis. 
 duplici squama, virg. (the latter, of 
 double plates). 2. thorax, ads, /. ; 
 V. breast- plate. III. A covering 
 
 (q. V.) : esp. of the skin (q. v.) of ani- 
 mals, tfgiimentum, pellis, \illu8, ace to 
 its nature. Phr.: the c.s of an onion, 
 garlic, etc, m?mbranae, Plln. ; In which 
 sense cQlls is also used : Plin. : v. coat- 
 ing. IV, A cocU of arms: iosigne, 
 insignia: v. armorial bearing& 
 
 coat (i')-' '• P- to cover with a layer 
 or coating: illino, indilco: v. to over- 
 lay, cover; and toll, art Phr.: a 
 tongue c.'d OT furred over, lingua fun- 
 gosa, Plin. 
 
 coating or coat (subs.): 1. in- 
 duclio . uhen the first c of lime luis 
 begun to dry, let a second be laid on, 
 
 129
 
 COAX 
 
 COFFIN 
 
 CO HE R ENTIiY 
 
 qnum prima calcis in. siccari coeperit, 
 iterum inducatur. Pall, i, 15. 2. cor- 
 lum (esp. used of c.s of earth, saiid, 
 plaster, etc.): to lay on or^e c. of sand 
 and one of pulverised marble, unum c. 
 arenas et unum marinoris minuti induc- 
 ere, Plin. : Vitr. : Pall. I.e. 3. ter- 
 gus, oris, n. (only where tlie ref. is to a 
 c. of skin cr membrane) : the stomach 
 consists of two c.s, ventriculus constat 
 ex duobus t. Gels 4. i. 
 
 coax : 1. muleeo, pemiulceo : v. 
 TO CARESS. 2, bhimVwr, 4- childishly 
 c.ing his father In he allowed to go n itk 
 him to .Spain, pueriliter blandiens (Han- 
 nibal) ut in Hispaniam duceretur, Liv. . 
 Ov. 3. palpo, palpor, i : v. to 
 WHEEDLE (prop, to stroke and pat, as a 
 pet animal). Phr.: to c. a little cash 
 out of any one, blanditiis ab aliquo num- 
 mulonim aliquid e.xpriniere, Cic. 
 
 coaxing («'(?.) • blandus: c. entrea- 
 ties, b. preces, Tib. : PI. 
 
 coaxing (saOs.)- 1. blandiment- 
 um (usu. in pi.) : PI. : Cic. 2. blan- 
 ditiae. arum : the c. {winsome, coaxing 
 ways) of iiometi, muliebres b.. Liv.: 
 Cic. 3. palpatio: PL Men. 4, 2, 42. 
 
 eoaxingly : blande : to ask c, b. 
 peteie, Cic. : PI. 
 
 cob : mannus (?) : Hor. : Ov. 
 
 cobble: sarclo, rgsarcio : v. to mend: 
 usu. in bad sense, inlabre, inscite sar- 
 cire. 
 
 cobbler : siitor • Pi. : Cic. : s. vetera- 
 mentarius. Suet. Vit. 2 (mil.) -. a c.'s 
 stall, taberna siitrina, Tac. ; or sutrina 
 alone, Plin. 
 
 cobweb : 1. araneum (perh. not 
 found m sing.) : to clear awciy c.s, 
 aranea tollere, Phaedr. : Plin. 2. 
 
 ftranei tgla . Apul. 3. aranea (strictly, 
 like araneus, the spider itself) : Ov. : 
 Lucr, Phr.: thin cs, aranei tenuia fila, 
 Lucr. : to spin a net-like c, quasi rete 
 texere, Cic. N. D. 248, 12} : full of cs, 
 or fiAe c.s, araneosus : Cat.: I'lin. 
 
 cochineal : *coccus cacti, Linn.: the 
 classical coccum, used tor scailet dye, 
 appears to have been procured from an 
 insect found on a kind of oak (quercus 
 coccifera, Linn.). 
 
 cock (subs.) : gallus • Cic. . Hor. : 
 »lso gallus gallinaceus, Cia (I'he term 
 gallus was also applicable to tbe male of 
 birds of the kind generally: Col. 8, 2, 
 init.: with ref. to smaller birds, as the 
 sparrow, mas should be used in this 
 sense: v. male.) Phr.: a game c, 
 gallus rixosus : cf. Col. 8, 2, where the 
 phrase "gallinaceus pyctes" seems to 
 be facetious; as one might say "poul- 
 try-pugilist : " a c.-Jight, (gallorum) cer- 
 tamen, pugna, ib. : the keeper or trainer 
 of such birds, lanista avium rixosarum, 
 ib. Phr.: he is c.-a-hoop, illi crisiae 
 surgunt, Juv. : *exsultal laetabundus; 
 V. to exult. 
 
 cock ("•) •■ chiefly in certain phr. ; as 
 to c. a pistol, a c.'d hat ; for the former 
 we might say, sclopeti malleolum (.?)erig- 
 ere; sclopetum ad telum emittendum 
 parare ; for the latter, perh. pileus angu- 
 laris oblongus. 
 
 cockade ; *insigne quod in pileo fer- 
 
 tur : v. BADGE. 
 
 cockatoo : * psittacus cristatus : 
 Linn. 
 
 cockatrice : a fabulous kind of ser- 
 pent : V. BASILISK. 
 
 cock-boat : perh. scapha : v. boat. 
 
 cock -chafer: *scarabaeus melo- 
 lontha. 
 
 cock-fight, cock- fighter: v.cock. 
 
 cockle : I. ^''« p^atd .- (.'■) aera, 
 ISlium : Plin. ||, The shell-fish : 
 
 (?) chama : Plin. 
 
 cock-loft : coenaculum : Juv. : v. 
 
 ATTIC, GABBE'.. 
 
 cockney : urbis amator, Hor. : ur- 
 banus, PI. : Liv. : v. citizen. N.B. — 
 Not oppidanus, which expressly ex- 
 cludes reference to the capital. 
 
 cockroach : (?) blatta : Virg. : Plin. 
 
 cockscomb : 1. crista : Juv. . 
 Plin. 2. iilectorOlophos, i,/. ; Plin. 
 
 C0C0!> • *faba Cacao. 
 
 cocoa-nut : 
 
 I, JTie tree: *cocos 
 
 nucifera ; or palma indica nucifera, 
 Linn. ||. The fruit: *nux palmae 
 indicae. 
 
 cocoon : (?) glOmus. gris, n. : Lucr. ; 
 Plin. ; or perh. globQlus, as gen. term. 
 
 cod: *gadus morrhua: Linn. 
 
 cod-fish-oil or cod-liver-oil : *"nor- 
 
 rhuae oleum 
 
 code : codex, ids, m : as in the de- 
 signations, c. Justinianeus, c. Theodosi- 
 anus; but the word is unclassical. Kx- 
 cepl where definite cs.such as the above, 
 are referred to, leges alone may be used : 
 as, the decemniral c. of the Twelve tables. 
 .\II. tabularum leges, Liv. N.B. — .Not 
 corpus ; unless the ref. is to an entire 
 body of national law. 
 
 codicil: codlcilU. orum to diiect or 
 Older by a c, codlcillis praescribere, 
 Tac. : to confirm a c. by a testament, 
 codicillos testamento confirmare, Plin. 
 Ep. : to leave to any one bit a c, dare 
 aliquid per c, legare codicillis. Digest. 
 
 codify : leges digerere, componere. 
 Just. Inst. pref. 
 
 COeliaC: coeliacus: Cato: Plin. 
 
 coequal : aequalls, e : v. equal. 
 Coaequalis, at least in classical authors, 
 signifies of the same age ; Gr. ^Aif. 
 
 coerce : 1. c6erceo, 2 : to c. a 
 dangerous citizen by punishments, sup- 
 pliciis civem pemiciosum c. Sail. : Cic. : 
 V. to restrain. 2. cogo, ciJegi, loae- 
 tiim, J • to c. {a person into doing a 
 thing) by force and threats, vi ac minis 
 c , Cic. (foil, by inf. or by ut and subj.) : 
 V. TO COMPEL. 3. comprimo, reprimo ; 
 cohibeo, refraeno. etc.: all requiring to 
 be defined by some such word as in, 
 poena, suppliciis, etc. 
 
 coercion : 1. cOercitio : to use c, 
 
 c. inhibere, Liv. (who uses the word to 
 
 indicate some legal punishment) : Dig. 
 
 2. More usu. expr. by verb: as. / 
 
 began to use c, vl coepi cogere, Ter. . v. 
 
 TO COERCE. 
 
 coercive : perb. only in phr., c. 
 measures = coercion : q. v. 
 
 coessential : consubstantialls, e • 
 Tert. 
 
 coetaneous : ^- contemporaneous. 
 
 COetemal: 1. cSaetenms: Tert. 
 2. aequitemus : Claud. Mam. 
 
 coeval : 1. aequalis, e . sacred 
 
 rites c. v-ith the citii, and some of them 
 even more ancient than its origin, sacra 
 aequalia urbi (al. urbis). quaedam vet- 
 ustiora origine urbis, Liv.: v. contem- 
 PORART. 2. coaevus: Aug. (of the 
 Kternal Word): Prud. 
 
 coexistent : simul, uno tempore, 
 existens v. to exist. 
 
 coextensive : expr. by verb : as, 
 " the SIX Indian seasons, each of which 
 is c. with tu'O signs " (^ir W. Jones), 
 *sex ilia tempora Indorum quorum un- 
 umquodque duorum signorum locum 
 obllnet : pleasure and pam are c, •vol- 
 uptatis Idem campus gjTusque est ac 
 doloris. 
 
 coffee (plant) : coffea Arabica ; I-inn. 
 For coffee as a drink, tbe same Latin 
 may be used. 
 
 coffee-house: (?) thermopollum (a 
 place for selling uar/zi drinks): PI.: or 
 simply deversorium, taberna : v. inn, 
 
 SHOP. 
 
 cofFee-ppt : (?) u™a : v. ubn, vase : 
 or hiniea, hirniila, i. e. a pitcher, q. v. 
 
 coffer: 1. area: v. box (where 
 syn. are given). 2, ISculi, orum, pi. 
 (indicating the compartments in which 
 different kinds of money were placed) : 
 to deposit cash in one's c, nummum in 
 loculos demittere, Hor. 3. cista: to 
 transfer from the public to one's pi-ivate 
 c. ex fisco in c transferre, Cic. : v. 
 treasury. 
 
 coffin : 1. area (v. box) : to carry 
 corpses {to the grave) in a mean c, cad- 
 avera vili portare in a., Hor. ■ stone c.s, 
 lapideae a., Liv.: the lid of a c, arcac 
 operculum, Liv. 2. lociilus (?) : Plin. 
 1, 16 : where however the word may 
 equally well denote a compartment of a 
 vault. 3. sarcophagus, i, m. (prop. 
 the designation of a kind of stone used 
 for coffici; "flesh consuming:" hence 
 
 in gen. o tomb or a coffin) : Juv. N.B. 
 — It seems doubtful whether capulna 
 ever means co^n .• v. bier. 
 
 cog (subs.) : i. e. the tooth of a wheel; 
 dens, ntis, m. (applic. to any projection 
 of the kind) : v. TOOTH. 
 
 cogged (adj.) : *demibus instructus 
 s. aptatus. 
 
 cogency : ^is. momentum : v. force, 
 
 WEIGHT. 
 
 cogent: firmus, valldus, gravis: v. 
 
 FOROIIiLK, WEIGHTY. 
 
 cogently : Phr.: to argue c, argu- 
 meiito gravi, baud tenul, magno, baud 
 dubio, etc., uti : v. forcibly, convin- 
 cingly. 
 
 cogitate, cogitation, etc.: v. mb- 
 
 DITATE, THINK, etc. 
 
 cognate : cognatus, congeneratus; 
 affinis. v. kinurei>. 
 cognition : cognitio : v. know. 
 
 LEDGE. 
 
 cognitive (only used as metaphys. 
 term) : *quod ad reruni cognitionem 
 peitlnet the c. faculty, *racultas quae 
 rerum cognitionem exercet. 
 
 cognizance : 1. cogmtio : t. 
 
 KNOWLEDGE: the c. (right to enquire 
 into) and Jurisdiction in any matter, 
 alicujus rei c. et judicium, Cic: Ait- 
 yustus was the first to take c. of libels, 
 primus A. cognitionem de llbellis fa- 
 niosis tractavit, Suet. 2. JQdTcium, 
 Jiiri.sdictlo : v. jurisdiction. 3, 
 
 quaestio (i.e. legitimate Kiufuiry, trial) : 
 when praetor he took c. of cases of assas- 
 sination, praetor quaeslioneni Inter sica- 
 rios exercuit, Cic. Fin. 2. \b,lin. (where 
 the ref. is to one of the i/u^iestiones per- 
 petuae of Sulla): it was dei.ided by a 
 decree of the senate lliat the consul 
 should take c. of the mutter, decreta a 
 senatu est consuli quaestio, Cic. I. c. : v. 
 to enquire into. 
 cognomen : cognomen, inls, n. : y. 
 
 SUltNAME, NAME. 
 
 cohabit: 1. coeo, 4: to c. with 
 another man's wije, cum aliena uxore 
 c, Quint.: Ov. 2, consuesco, suevi, 
 suetum, J (constr. same as coeo): Cic.: 
 Nep. 
 
 cohabitation : ronsnetrido, Inls, /. 
 (both legitimate and illegitimate): Ter.: 
 Liv.: Suet. 
 
 coheir, coheiress: ceiigres, edls, 
 
 c. : Cic. : Hor. : to appoint any one C. 
 ivith another (i. e. wHh the heir), ali- 
 quem allcul coheredem dare v. heir. 
 cohere: I. Lit.: cohaereo, si, 
 
 sum, 2 : V. TO stick TOGETHER, ADHERE. 
 
 II. Fig.: to agree, be consistent 
 (q. v.): consentio, convgnio, conspiro, 
 
 cohaereo, etc. 
 
 coherence, coherency: now used 
 
 only fig.; of the suitable connexion of 
 the parts of a system or discourse- 1. 
 contextus, us : there is a n onderfid 
 c. about their system (that of the Stoics), 
 mirabllls est apud lUos c. rerum, Cie. : 
 v. CONNEXION. 2. perpetaitas (i. e. 
 unbroken connexion): to form an opi- 
 nion of philosophers from their c. and 
 consisievcu, phllosophos ex p. atque con- 
 stantia speciare, Cic: c. of discourse, p. 
 sermonis (?). Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220 (perh. 
 p. seiitentiarum would express the'Eng. 
 more precisely). 3. contlnuatio: there 
 loas no c. about his conversation, *ser- 
 moni ejus nulla inerat sententiarum c. : 
 V. CONNEXION. 4. consensus, iis (?) : 
 there is a marvellous c. (lit. agreement) 
 and concert between all branches of 
 learning, mirus quidam omnium quasi 
 consensus doctrinarum concentusque re- 
 perltur, Cic. de Or. i, 6, 21: v. agree- 
 ment. Phr.: there is a c. about all 
 these things, *cobaerent haec apte inter 
 se ; haec quasi consplrant et consenti- 
 
 Unt : V. TO AGREE, CORRESPOND. 
 
 coherent: Phr.: a c system of 
 doctrine, *doctrliiae upte int<>r se cohae- 
 rentes, connexae (and see preced. art.) ; 
 quarum pars nulla alteri discrepet: c. 
 discourse, *sententiarura in sermone con- 
 tlnuatio : V. CONSISTENT ; INCOHERHKT. 
 
 coherently: constanter: V. CONSIST- 
 ENTLY'. Phr.: to ar<7U€ c, *argumenta 
 apte contexere ; apto rerum oontezta
 
 COHESION 
 
 C O I. I> 
 
 CO L L A R 
 
 ar^mentari: to »peafc c, *sernione apte 
 
 OOOnoxo Uti V. INCOHF.RKNTLV. 
 
 conesion: cfthrtciijntiu: Cic 
 
 cohesive: Ifinax, acU: V Al)Ht:sr\ K. 
 
 cohort : cfihors, rtis, /. (tlie tenth 
 part of a kyiim) : Li v. : Cic. • the prae- 
 lorianor geiteraVs c.. praetoria c.Caes. 
 also sometimes = ianii, troop, in a gene- 
 ral sense ; Virg. : Hor. 
 
 coif: (?) calautlca: v. bonnet. 
 
 coil {subi.): 1. spira: they {thu 
 Serpnits) bind himjast in tlieir hugec.s, 
 Imiiieiisis Ugaul s., Virg. : also of a c. of' 
 rope, I'acuv. In Kest. 2, orbis, is, 
 
 m. (poet.): to dray huge c.s along the 
 ground (of the serpent ), rapere Im- 
 mensos o. per liumuui, Virg. 
 
 coil ("•) •• 1. gloniero, i (In gather 
 into a bull) : toe. I'oid up in balls, laiiura 
 g. in uil)es, Ov. (but the verb usu. Ue- 
 notes sunply to yathr thick togither). 
 2, coiisplro, I (fr. spira: rare): tite 
 S7iake C.S itself up, unguis se c, Aur. 
 Vict. I'lir. : c.ing touiid his (Lao- 
 coon's) neck ii-ilh thir fcal ij forms, coWo 
 squamea circuni terga ilati, Virg. 
 
 coin (subs.): 1. luinins or nnm- 
 mus: counterfeit c, adnllcrini n., Cic. 
 (esp. used of (he sili'cr coin, nunius sis- 
 tcrtius, the sesterce: also for mo .e// ge- 
 nerally : q. V.) Uiinin. niiniulns, a 
 smalt coin : Cic. 2. slips, siipis, y. 
 
 (usu. a small c.) : to Jlimj in yuld and 
 tilver c.s at lai/iny the /oundaltun of a 
 building, injicere lumlanientis argcnti 
 aurique stipes, Tai;. H. 4, ;j (but stips 
 is said to have meant ori„'iiially a copper 
 C: cl. Ov. K. 2, l8t)); riin. 3. 'nV 
 misma (Gr. r6fii<rjiia), itis, n.: I'hilips, 
 roi/al c, I'liilipiios, regale n., Hor.: 
 Mart. : in laier wriiers esp. ^f foreign or 
 rare coins; in wbicii sense ihe word is 
 used In modern Latin: I'xlvlii'l, iJoct. 
 Num. 4- mOneta: never used of a 
 single coin: v. money. Phr. : to piy 
 any one in his own c, eiim qui laeserit, 
 simili multare, I'liaedr. i, 26: par pari 
 {al. pro pari) relerre, I'er Eun. j, I, 55. 
 
 coin ("•)•■ |. Lit. : of money: 
 1, cudo, dl, sum, }: to c. silvfr, 
 arpentiiin c, Ter. : to c. koukii mimey, 
 pluiiilK'os nuinos c, PI. 2. signo, i 
 (s,WK\\y to stamp) : to c. copper, silcer, 
 or gold by public authority, . lei, argen- 
 tum, aurunive publice s., Liv. : by slips 
 they meant c.'d nwney, stipem dicebunt 
 pecuniam signaiam, Fest. : Plin. 3, 
 fgrio, percussi, percussum, ferire (as 
 we say to strilcc) : to c. asses of ofiie- 
 sixth ueight asses se.xtantario pondeie 
 f., Plin. Suet. "Hmc ilia in veleribus 
 numia et lapidibus, Triumvir A. A. A. 
 F, f'., i. e. auro, argento, aerl fiando, 
 feriundo :" Fore. s. v. Phr.: toe. bad 
 money, luonetam adulterinam e.xercere, 
 Ulp. (implying to i>e in the practice of 
 coining): or simply numos adulterinos 
 cudere, ferire, sigriare: v. supr. ||, 
 To invent (a story, etc.): comniiniscor, 
 lingo: V. to fahuicate. Pbr. : to c. 
 icords, verba no\are et facere, Cic. ; 
 verba fingeie non prins audita, cf. Hor. 
 A. P. 50 a nordc.'d in the mint (f to- 
 day, i. e of present or ready currency, 
 signatum praeseiiti iiota nonien, ib. 59. 
 
 coinage, coining : j. The act or 
 practice of aiiuing • res iiuinaria: Cic. 
 Otf. }, 20, 80 (but the l)lir. may also 
 mean, " money matters : ' id. \^rr. 4, 6, 
 11). Phr.. a law lespcting the c. or 
 against coining, lex nuiiunia. v. I Mot. 
 Ant. s. V. lalsum- the standard of the c., 
 aeruria ratio, (/'ic. : to hare the manai/e- 
 nient of the c., "auro, argento, aeri sig- 
 iiaiido, fericndo praeesse: v. to cois. 
 (Ciisio is found in late Latin; as in the 
 plir. cusio nionelalis. Cod Imp.) ||, 
 Money coined, 'ptcunia publiic signata 
 (V TO COIN, 2) or simply nunii, ino- 
 neUi: v. monkv, coin. |||. Inren- 
 tion; Phr.: bold in the c. of nonls, 
 *audax in verbis novandis atque faiien- 
 dis V. TO COIN (11.): "this is the very 
 c. of your brain," (Shalv.), *mera ista 
 coninieiita ac somnia sunt. 
 
 coincide : 1. competo, Ivl, or fi, 
 Hum, } (isp. of coincidence in point of 
 time : with cum ; dat. ; or in and ucc.) : 
 
 the calendar n>as in such a state of cim- 
 1 usion thai the harivst holitltiys did not 
 c. with the summer, fasti adeo turbati, 
 ut messUim feriae ae.-taii non com- 
 pcterenl. Suet. Cues. 40 (the event) c.d 
 with the death of Olho, cum Othonis exitu 
 competisse, Tac. H. 2, 50. 2. con. 
 
 curro, curri, cursum, ; (aJjsoI. or with 
 cum): toe. accid^Ually i^as in the case 
 of dreams and their fulfilment), forte, 
 temcre c, Cic. : to c. u-ith tlie truth, c. 
 cum veritate, Ulp. : v. to con(.tjb, 
 AGRKE. 3. congriio, iii, j (abso!. or 
 with cum): they u-ish Uieir days and 
 months to e. with the computation of the 
 sun and moon, suos dies mensesque c. 
 voliintcum solis lunaeque ratione, Cic: 
 points of circumstantial evidence which 
 c, causae quae in umim locum conve- 
 iiire atque inter se congruere viden- 
 tur, Cic. llosc. Am. 22, 62 : v. to 
 AcRKE. 4. concino, consentio (to c. 
 in opinion): v. toacree. 5. incldo, 
 cidl, } (to fall on or in with: q. v.): 
 though their age c.d with the dales of 
 those I hare mentioned, quorum quum 
 aetas in eorum tempora, quos nomiiiavi 
 incldisset, Cic. Or. 12. jq: to c. matlie- 
 malically, *una in se incidere. 
 coincidence: I. Acdcbntal cmre- 
 
 sponiknrr : concursatio: thee, of dreams, 
 c. somnioruni, Cic. Hut more usu. expr. 
 by ])hr. • as, it is no mere c, non temere 
 est or fit, I'l.: Ter. (v. accident) : there 
 is a rem/irkable c. here '. *mirabiliter 
 haec congruunt ! (cf. preced. art.) ||, 
 Agreement (q. v.): in opinion: consen- 
 sus, consensio. 
 
 coincident: chiefly used of time: 
 to be c., in idem tempiis incidere, com- 
 pctere, etc. : v. to coincide. 
 
 coined (a^a'OO- _ 1. signatus: v. 
 TO COIN. 2, nionelalis, e: c.gold,m. 
 aurum, Apul. 
 
 coiner: |. In pnod sense: 1. 
 mCiniitarJus: Aur. Vict.: l^itr. 2. 
 cfisor: Cod. Just. 3. Halurarius: 
 
 Inscr. A board of three who had the 
 siiperiutcndeiice of the coinage were 
 called triumviri monetales ; in Inscr. 
 T. A. A. F. F.: v.toohn. || In bad 
 sense : a coiner of bad money : pirS.- 
 chaiactes,ae, m. (prop, a false stamper) : 
 Cod. Jmp. Usu. better expr. by cir- 
 cuml. : as, is qui numos adulterinos 
 ciulit; qui monetam adulterinam exer- 
 cel : v. TO COIN. 
 
 coition : 1. cflitus. us : Ov. : Col. 
 2. ciinciibitus, us; Cic. 3. co"- 
 junctio : Cic. 
 
 colander : colum : 1. e. a sieve or 
 strainer : q. v. 
 
 cold (odj.) : 1. frigldus (the most 
 general word ; applied to all degrees, 
 from pleasant rntjiness to severe cold): 
 a fountain c. by day, warm by night, 
 fons luce diurna f., at calidus nocturiio 
 tempore, Lucr. : c. vater, aqua f., I'l.; 
 also simply frigida, as subs. : Col. : Suet. : 
 uiubr the e. sky, snib Jove f., Hor. : also 
 of things colli with age, death, etc. : c. 
 death, f. mors Virg.: a c. shwli.'er, f. 
 horror, Virg. Fig.: too tame m .'ipeak- 
 ing and almost c., niniis lentus in dic- 
 eiido et paene f., Cic. (N.B. Frigidus 
 as applied to words and expressions is 
 equivalent to our //«<. (/"?/; q. v.) Very 
 c, peril Tgidus: Cic: Cels. ; also, praefrig- 
 Idus: Ov.: Cels. To bee, frlgeo: Cic; 
 I'ers. Pro v.: Venus is c. without Ceres 
 and Parchus, sine Cerere et Baccho 
 V^enus friget, Ter. : hence incept, (r'v^- 
 esco, frixi, j : to become c, in both 
 lit. ^ ami tig. sense: the hands and feet 
 liecoiiie c, f. nianus pixicsque, Tac. : 
 alTeclion grows c, f. affectus. Quint. : to 
 grow c. after being hot, refrige.sco, } : 
 Cato: Luir. 2. algidus (i.e. so cold 
 as to be uncomfortable : rare) : Cat. To 
 be c. or chilly, :ilgeo, aisi, 2 : to sueat 
 and be c., siidare et a.. Hor.: incept. 
 algesco, J : to grow c, calch cold : Ter. : 
 Plin. N.B. The }>art. algens is perh. 
 more freq. used as adj. than algidus: 
 Mart.: I'lln. 3. Bi'-li'lus (ice-cold): 
 the (junction of) the Fibrcnus ntakes the 
 I. iris murk cohler, Fibrcnus Lirimniulto 
 gelidiorem facit, Cic. (but g. tluiuen may 
 
 also mean a frozen river : Virg.) : ^ 
 rockt, g rupes, Virg.: e«p. of things coZd 
 with age, fright, or death : blond c. with 
 old age, g. senecia sanguis, Virg. : e. 
 deaUi, g. mors, Hor. : a c. shudder, g. 
 hi>rror, Ov. : Virg. Very c. indeed, pne- 
 gglidus: Liv.: Plin. N.B. KgMldut ia 
 also found ; but as its meauing fluc- 
 tuates between cold (=gelldus), and 
 ii-ith the coliness or chill taken off (" qui 
 de summo gelu allquid remisit," Fore), 
 it is lietter avoidi-d. I' li r. : to giiY a 
 thing c. praise, maligne laudare, Hor. 
 
 cold, to be, become : frigeo. aigeo; 
 frigesco, algesco, etc. : v. supr. (I, 2.) 
 
 cold (siil/s.) : I. In gen. sense: 
 
 I. frigns, Oris, n. (the most gea. 
 term- v. also coolni->s;: the c. can 
 hardly be escaped within doors, vix in 
 ipsis lectis f. vitalnr, Cic. : 10 keep off c 
 and heat, frigora caloresque pellere.Cic ; 
 also, frlgorum vim pellere, Cic. : intoler- 
 able r., iniolerabile 1., Cic. to perish of 
 c. frigore mori, Hor. 2. algor, oris, ni. 
 (only of c. as pinching and disagreea- 
 ble) : capable of enduring c, patieus 
 algoris, Sail. : to fortify the body against 
 c, corpus contra algores inunlre, Plin. 
 (N.B. The pi. of fiigus and algor suggest 
 repeated attacks of cold or freifuenl ex- 
 posure.) 3, gclU, us, n.: V. FBOST. 
 
 II. A catai-rh: 1. gravedo, inis, 
 /. (in the head) : Cic : Ce\s. Subject to 
 such c.s, gravedinosus : Cic. 2. ile- 
 stillatio (with ref. to the running at the 
 nose): to occasion c.s, il conci tare, Cels. 
 
 3. perfrictio (a secere c): Plin. 
 Phr.: to catch c, perfrigesco, frixi, i: 
 Varr. : Cels. 
 coldish: frlgidulus, subfngidus: v. 
 
 CHILI.V. 
 
 coldly : only used lig. of lameness 
 aiid indifference: 1. Irigide: to do 
 things c, f. ageie, Cic. 2. g^lidg 
 (stronger than 1) : Ilor. (\.B. Frigide 
 wlien applied to language or invention, 
 is Jiatly, dullii, without taste: q. v.) 
 Phr.: to praise c, maligne laudare, 
 Hor.: to act c. in uny matter, leniler, 
 lente agere, Caes.: Cic: v. indufeb- 
 
 ENTLV, CIH)I.LV. 
 
 coldness: I. Lit.- 1, Mgus, 
 oris, n. ; esp. in pi.: regions which 
 suffer intolerably through the c. of their 
 winters, loca quae Irigoribus liiemis hi- 
 tolerabiliter horniit. Col. i, 2: Hor.. 
 V. COLD. 2. algor : v. cold. 3. 
 gSlu, lis, n. (icy c.) : v. fro>t. Fig. of 
 the c. of death or age : Virg. : Lucan. 
 II, Apathy,vaiitof zeal: lentitUdo, 
 or leiiTtudo; animus lentus, remissus: 
 
 V. COOLNE.SS, INDIFFERENCE. 
 
 COleWOrt : brassica eruca: v, cab- 
 bage. 
 
 colic: 1. tormina, um, «.: Cels.: 
 Cic. 2. colon or colum : Plin. In 
 modem medical Latin •colica Is the 
 word used. Subject to llie c, colickjf, 
 torminosus: Cic; collcus, I'lin. 
 
 collapse ('••) •• (i" ''P) corruere, col- 
 labi, coucidere : v. to fall, fall 
 awav. 
 
 collapse (subs.): chiefly in phr. 
 wliere ii may be e.\pr. by verb, as, 
 to be in a state of c, *peniins collapsum 
 esse: to suffer a sudden c, siibilo cor- 
 ruere, coucidere, etc.: v. fall. ruix. 
 
 collar (subs.): 1. ciillare, is, n. 
 
 (usi-d ot dog-collars, those employed /we 
 making a prisoner fa^t, eic) : I'l.: 
 Varr. 2, m6nile. Is, n. (only orna- 
 mental, both of human beings and of 
 animals): v. necklace. 3. torques. 
 Is, m. and/.: a kind of ornamental 
 chain : q. v. 4, bol'X", arum (/or 
 
 confnemrnt): VI.: Prud. . rarely in 
 siiig.: PI. 5. subjngium: i.e. a 
 
 riiliar attached to the jugum or yoke: 
 Vitr. 10, 5, 4 : V. Diet. Ant. s. v. jugum. 
 (N.B. The word occurs in pi. only, and 
 is prop, an culj., lora being understood: 
 V. Cato, K. K. 0!, I!?.) Phr.: to slip 
 the c, 1. e. get free, •twjis 5. vincull* 
 collum liberare; vincula rumpere: v. 
 bonds. 
 
 collar (»•)•■ chiefly coUoq.: comprS- 
 hendere; collo prebeosom abripere: T, 
 
 TO SllZli,
 
 COIi^AR-BONE 
 
 COLLOQUIAL. 
 
 COLOUR 
 
 collar-bone: joguium Ceis. 
 
 collate ; I. To desigvate to a 
 
 bishopric; Instltuo ■ V. TO APPOINT. ||, 
 To compare a manuscript with some 
 other text: conffiro, ttili, latum, j: 
 M.L. 
 
 collateral: |. Of pedigree: not 
 in the direct line : transversus . the c. 
 ljT.es (pf descent), t lineae, Paul. Dig. 
 l8, 10, 9. Phr. : c. relatives, cognati 
 qui ex lateribus sunt. Dig. ■ c. relation- 
 ship, cognatio ex transverse, quae etiam 
 a latere dicitur, Just. Inst. 3, 6. ||, 
 Accestory , indirectly connected with : 
 q V. 
 
 collaterally ; ex lateribus, a latere, 
 ex transverso: v. preced. art. 
 
 collation : I. Oomparisnn (of 
 
 books, etc.) : expr. by verb : to he en- 
 gaged in the c. of MSS., *libris manu- 
 scrlptis conferendis operam dare: v. to 
 COLLATE. II. J (cold) meal: (?) coe- 
 nula, prandium : v. meal. 
 
 colleague : 1. collega, ae, m. : 
 twtce consuls together, c.s in the censor- 
 ship, bis una consules, c. in censura, 
 Cic. 2. consors, rtis (v. partner): 
 his son is taken as his c. in the tribu- 
 nate, filius c. tribuniciae potestatis ad- 
 sumitur, Tac. Plir.: to appoint a c. in 
 the place of one deceased, in demortui 
 locum [censorem, etc.] sufficerc, Liv 
 (or simply sufficere, Liv.): to elect a c. 
 (as was done in the cas^e of certain col- 
 legia), cooptare, Cic. : v. to elect. 
 
 CoUeagUeship : 1. collegium : a 
 man 0/ uhom I have had expirience in 
 an harmonious c, expertus niihi con- 
 cordi c. vir, Liv. 2. consortio : the 
 amicable c. of the tn-o Lacedaemonian 
 Icings, sociabilis c. inter bines Lacedae- 
 moniurum reges, Liv. : Veil. 
 
 collect («)■• A. Trans.- \, To 
 gather together: 1, colllgo, legi. lee 
 turn, J (in most senses) : tu c. hones, ossa 
 c, Tib.: to c. rain-water, pliivias 
 aquas c. Quint : to c. mcii from ever 11 
 district, de pagis omnibus viros c, Cic. 
 Fig., to c. oneself, se c, Cic: to c. 
 one's mind and thoughts, animum cogi- 
 tatioiiemque c, Pljn. Ep. v. to gather 
 together. 2. cogo, coegi, cOactiim, 
 J (usu. -where force is implifd) : v. to 
 
 BRING or GET TOGETHER. 3. COnffro, 
 
 tiUi, latum (colL), } : toe. many images, 
 multa simulacra c, Ov. Fig.: to c. all, 
 on^'s materials (for speaking), materiam 
 omnem c. Quint. 4. conggro, gessi, 
 gestum, }: to c. means for defraying 
 the expense of a journey, viaticum c, 
 Cic: to c. provisions, cibaria c, Hor. 
 5. comporto, i v to bring to- 
 gether. (N.B. The three preceding 
 words are used only of things, not of 
 persons.) 6, congrego, i : v. to as- 
 semble, GATHER together. 7, COr- 
 
 r6go, I (prop, by entreaty) : to c. auxi- 
 liaries from the allies, aiixilia ab sociis 
 c, Liv. ; to c. money, pecuniam c. Caes. . 
 Cic. 8. conquiro, quisivi, quisitum, 
 3 (by search) : to c. ships all along the 
 river, naves toto flumine c, Caes. : to c. 
 arguments, argumenta c, Tac. : Sail. 
 
 9. glomero, i (to c. in a mass or 
 group): the stags c. their herds, agniina 
 cervl g., Virg. : Tac; v. to gather. 
 
 10, corrado, j ■ v. to scrape to- 
 gether. 11. exigo, egi, actum, j 
 (only of taxes or money) : to c. tributes, 
 moneys, etc., tributa, pecunias ex., Cic. : 
 V. TO DEMAND. II. To infer: q v 
 
 B, Intr. : corresponding to (I) 
 supr.: expr. by the alnjve verbs and 
 pron. refl., or in pass.: tlie common- 
 alty (of bees) c around the body of their 
 queen, plebs glomeratur circa corpus 
 regis, Plin. Phr.. to c. in groups or 
 knots, circiilor, I . Cic. : Caes. : v, to 
 group, assemble. 
 collect (subs.): •collecta, ae : M. L. : 
 
 V. PRAYER. 
 
 collected (ifyO • '• e. not discon- 
 certed i cool. \. praesens, ntis (only 
 with animus) : a Tnind, vigorous, c, 
 and acute, arjimus acer, p., acutus, Cic. : 
 Quint. 2. intentus: stronger than 
 the Eng. : v. intent, alert. (Or expr 
 byiircuinl,. as, *nulla re perturbatus; 
 132 
 
 facultates animi seniper collectas ha- 
 bens.'* 
 
 collection: I. The act of collect- 
 ing: 1. colleclio Cic. 2. con- 
 quisitio (by search): Cic. 3. Much 
 more freq. expr. by verb : by the c. of 
 tributes, tributis exigendis, etc.: v. to 
 collect. II, A number (of persons 
 or things') collected together : 1, 
 
 conggries, ei, /. : v. heap, pile. 2. 
 conjectus, us (rare) : Lucr. 3. May 
 often be expr. by p. part. : an army 
 which is a c. of desperate old men, ex- 
 ercitus collectus ex senibus desperatis, 
 Cic : V. TO collect. Phr.; a c. of 
 mots, collectanea dicta, Caes. ap. Suet : 
 Gell. (in both cases in the titles of 
 books) : a c. of choice passages, elec- 
 torum commentarius, Piin. Ep. j, 5, 17; 
 fiosculorum commentarius: cf. Sen. Ep. 
 ?? [spicilegium, florilegium, M. L.] : 
 a c. of iiorks on a particular subject, 
 corpus- as, c. Juris, Imp. Cod.: a c. of 
 the irorls of the ancient grammarians, 
 *c. veterum grammaticorum, Linde- 
 mann: thesaurus may also be used: cf. 
 Phn. N. H. Pref. : v treasury. |||, 
 Of money : collatio : v, contribution : 
 or perh. *pecunia coUecticia, collectanea. 
 
 collective; United: expr. by phr. ■ 
 the c. power of Gieece, *universae s. 
 cunctae Graeciae vires: a thing uhich 
 by their c. effirrts they vere unable to 
 achieve, *id quod una summis viribus 
 nitentes, perhcere nequibant: v. all, 
 
 ALL TOGETHER. 
 
 collectively: conjunctim, unii, si- 
 
 mul. v. TOGETHER, JOINTLY, 
 
 collector: I. Jn pen. sense: qui 
 colligit, corrogat, etc.: v. to collect. 
 II, Of taxes, etc. : exactor ■ v. 
 tax-gatherer. Special terms- a c. of 
 customs, portltor: v, custom-house- 
 officer : a c of moneys after an 
 auction, etc., coactor, Hor, 
 
 college; w educational institution- 
 •collegium (prop, applied to such bodies 
 as the augurs, tra/ie-companies, etc. : v, 
 corporation) : M. L. : fellon' of a c, 
 *s5cius. As adj. *ac.^demicus (which 
 however has only modem authority in 
 this sense) : v. Cf)LLEGiATE. 
 
 collegian: *collegloascriptus: alum- 
 nus: gen. term for pttpil, student: q. v. 
 
 collegiate ; *collegialis, collegiarius : 
 prop, appertaining to a collegium or 
 corporation: but they may be used by 
 analogy with ref. to our "colleges." 
 
 CoUier: I. a worker in a coal 
 
 mine : *carbonarius prop, a burner or 
 seller of charcoal. ||, A I'essel em- 
 ployed in conveying coals .- *navis car- 
 bonaria. 
 
 colliery : * fodlna carbonaria : v. 
 
 COAL. 
 
 collision : 1. conflictio • c. du- 
 ornm corporum inter se, Quint. 2. 
 conflictiis, us : a c. of clouds, nublum c, 
 Cic. : ac.of the bodies (of men in battle), 
 c. corporum, Cic. 3. concursio : to be 
 cemented together by nteans of c. (of the 
 atoms of Epicurus), concursionibus inter 
 se cohaere-scere, Cic. : Gell. 4. con- 
 cursus, lis : c.s of ships vith one another, 
 c. navium inter se, Liv.: Caes. (But 
 concursus oftener means simply junc- 
 tion, concourse.) Phr : the tempest 
 occasioned c.s amongst the transports, 
 onerarias (naves) tenipestas afflictabat, 
 Caes. : the chntds come into c. with one 
 another, concurruut nubes, Lucr. • to 
 ccmie into c. nith anything, incurrere 
 in aliquid, ad aliiiuid offendere; v. to 
 DASH AGAINST. Fig.: Greece brought 
 into c. with a foreign land in a tedious 
 war, Graecia Barbariae lento colllsa 
 duello, Hor. : they came into c. no 
 strangers to each other's tactics, baud 
 ignotas belli anes inter se conserebant, 
 Liv. 21, I. 
 
 collocation ; coUOcatio, disposttio : 
 
 V. ARRANGEMENT. 
 
 COllop: ofla, 6fella: v. CHOP. Phr.: 
 " he maketh c.s of fat on his flanks " 
 (Job XV. 27), *pingues camium m^lssas 
 lateribus obducit: (" pingui cervice ar- 
 matus est," Vulg.): v. mass. 
 
 colloquial ; P h r. : c. language, hu~ 
 
 inilis sermo, Hor. A. P. 229; quotidi- 
 anus sermo, Cic. Fam. i, i ; we are wont 
 to compose letters in c. language, epis- 
 tolas quotidianis verbis texere solemus, 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 21 : where he also uses the 
 phr. plebeius sermo for c. language : 
 Hor. uses privatus in the same sense, 
 A. P. 90 : see also common, ordinary. 
 
 colloquialism : *genu8 loquendi a 
 quotidiano usu mutuatum. 
 
 colloquy : colloquium : v. conveb- 
 SATioN. To have a c. with any one, cum 
 aliquo colloqui: v. to converse. 
 
 collude 1. coUudo, si, sum, ; 
 
 ahe most gen. term): c. cum aliquo, 
 Cic. : Ulp. 2. praevaricor. t (prop, 
 of an accuser who plays into the hands 
 of the other parti/: also of advocates 
 generally): Cic: Ulp. 
 
 collusion : 1. collusto : Cic. : Ulp. 
 2. pactio : Cic. 3. praevaricatio 
 (on the part of an advocate) ; Cic. P h ,. 
 to be guilty 'of c: v. to collude : on- 
 who is guilty of U, collusor, piaevari- 
 cator (the latter only of a»/ wlmvate). 
 
 collusive ; expr. by plir. : to 5< 
 guilty of c. proceedings, colludere, prae- 
 varicari : v. to collide, collusion. 
 
 CoUusively; collusorig; Ulp. Phr. • 
 to act c. colliido : v. to collude. 
 
 COllyrium (eye-salve): collyrium. 
 Hor.: Gels. ' 
 
 colocynth : coloc3mthis, idis, /. .- 
 Plin. 
 
 colon: I. In anatomy: colon or 
 colum : Plin. ||. In punctuation ; 
 
 *colon (which in Donatus. p. i'742, is 
 a part of the sentence ittelf ; not the 
 mark so called) ; dlstinctio media (?): v. 
 I )onat. 1. c. 
 
 colonel : praefectus (i. e. officer, com- 
 mander), or perh. tribunus niilitum.a 
 rank which nearly corresponds to that 
 of colonel. 
 
 colonial : colonictis : Caes. : Suet. 
 (Or expr. hy gen. of colonia; v. colony.) 
 
 colonist: cOlonus: Caes.: Cic. : (if 
 the ref. be to the founder of a colony, 
 dux : v. Nep. Milt, i) : v. colony. 
 
 colonizing (subs.): deductio. Cic. .- 
 Plin. 
 
 colonnade : 1. porticus, us, /. » 
 
 v. portico. 2. xystiis, i, m. (for re- 
 creation, etc.) : Cic. ; Plin. Ep. 
 
 colony; colonia (used both of the 
 settlers and of the settlement) : to estab- 
 lish a c. in suitable places, c. collocare 
 idoneis in locis, Cic. : to conduct a c. (to 
 a place), c. deducere, Cic. : to send men 
 toa c, homines in c.mittere, Liv. Phr. : 
 to send out a c. to the Chersonesus, Cher- 
 sonesum colonos mittere, Nep. : to settle 
 a c. in a territory, colonos in agris col- 
 locare : cf. Nep. Milt. 2. 
 
 colophon (tlie conclusion of a book) : 
 colophon, onis, m. .- Fest (who tells U': 
 that the prov. phr. cohphonem cuMere 
 signified to put the finislUng stroke to 
 anything): M. L. 
 
 colossal ; 1, cOlossfcus : Vitr : 
 
 Plin. 2. cQlosseus : Plin. (Both 
 
 words strictly only of statues : cf. 
 COLOSSUS.) 3. in gen. sense; i. q. 
 huge (q. -v.)- ingens, imnianis: v. mon- 
 strous. Phr.- a c. //pz/j'c, *facies major 
 quam humana . so c. an empire, *tanta 
 moles s. strues imperii. 
 
 colossus ; colossus, i, m. (a colossal 
 statue): Plin. 
 
 colour (SMbs.) : |. A property of 
 bodies : cOlor, oris, m. .- c.s cannot exist 
 witliout light, c esse sine luce neque- 
 unt, Lucr.: o white c, c. albus, Cic: 
 a fresh or liixly c, c. vegetus, Plin. : 
 a full or strong c, c. satur, Plin. a 
 faint c, c. dilutus, Plin. Very often of 
 the natural hue of a healthy face : to 
 come into the senate with a good fresh 
 c. in the face, forti c. in senatum venire. 
 Front ad M. Caes.: natural c, c verus, 
 Ter. ; as opp. to paint (c fucatus, Hor } 
 to change one's c., I. e. to turn pale. 
 coloresmutare, Hor.; Cic. (N.B VVhen 
 color is used alone, it generally denotes 
 a bright hue: as, nnllus argento color 
 est Hor. Od. 2, 2, I.) Adject- of the 
 same c, concSlor, oris (with dat.): thf 
 sea is of Hie same c. uith the vxnds.
 
 COLOUR 
 
 COMBINE 
 
 COME 
 
 pectus c. est arcnis, Ov. : VIrg. : of 
 a different c, UibcClor, oris (also with 
 dat): Cic: Ov. : of many cj, multi- 
 odlor: Plln.: Apul.: of changing or 
 eariedcs, versicolor: Cic. : Vlrg. ||, 
 A pigment i 1. plgmentum : Cic. : 
 Plin. 2. color: to lay (m variuut 
 
 CS, varlos inUucTe c, Hor. : I'liii. : 
 <V« which a-e natural or artificial, c. 
 qui nascuntur, finguiitur s. tiunt, I'liii. : 
 Vltr. : oil c^, c. oieo temperall aiqiie 
 mlxti, cf. Viir. "J, 14, I. Hence fig. of 
 the peculiar compltxion of a work of 
 geniur : Hor. A. 1'. 86. P h r. : to drpict 
 anything in its true cs, •allquid liiiea- 
 meiiiis buis fideliter s. exacte describere ; 
 alicujus rei veram exprimere iniagiiiein : 
 to Ufj/ict anything in lively c.s, aliquld 
 varie oratione pingere, Cic. Att. i, 14, 
 4 . to dtyict a crime in the hlaclceit c.s, 
 crimen atrociter, alrocissime descrilwre, 
 cf. Tac. A. i{, 19: to give an u-ifamur- 
 <Me c. to a thing, i. c. put a had con- 
 itruction ujxm it, aliqiiid siiiistre inler- 
 prelari, cf Tac Agr. ;. |||, / retext 
 (q. v.); species, praetextus. ' |V. i'> 
 pi. only; the Jlixg or standard of a body 
 of troops (q. v.): signuiu, vexilluni. 
 
 colour ("O-' I. I-'it.: 1. coloro, 
 I : to shape and c. atoms, individua cor- 
 pora foruiare, c, Cic. Fig.: xclien I 
 have been reading those books attentively, 
 J feel that my language is, as it vtre, 
 C.d by contact with them, quum istos 
 libros studiosius legerlm, sentio ora- 
 tionem meam illoniin tactii quasi color- 
 ari,Cic. 2. fiico, I (only of i/.i/ei)<(/ or 
 of using false, nieietn'cious culouriny): 
 Virg. : Gell. 3, tingo, liilicio: v. to 
 
 DTE, STAIN. II. Fig.: v. TO PAL- 
 
 LIATE, rUITIXD. 
 
 colourable; v. i'laustble. 
 coloured : 1. coioiaius ■ of the 
 
 rainbow: Cic. Esp. of a mum, sun- 
 burnt hue: the c. Jndi, c. Jiidi, Viig. : 
 Ov.: Tac. : v. TANNEO. 2. lucatus: 
 j. e. artificially c, as with dye or rouge: 
 Virg.: Hor. 
 
 colouring (s«'^-) •■ I. Tji*-: expr. 
 by pi. of color or pignientum (cf. 
 coiouB, II.) : to explain the subject 
 of c.,co\omm s. j>igmtiit«>i-um rationes 
 explicare, cf. Vltr. ■;, 8, i ; de coloruiii 
 temperatiira et nilxtura exponere, cf. 
 id. "7, 10: the above, with ref. to the 
 pigmeiiti themselves : with ref. to the use 
 of them, arlem colonim indmeudorum 
 exponere (v. coi.olr, II.); haniidgcn 
 (aptiLOYni') s. conunissurarum coloruni et 
 transiliiuni raiionem explicare (of coit- 
 ing c.s harmmiiousriij toijetlier), cf. Plin. 
 35, 5, II (12). II. Fig.: of style or 
 decoration in language: oniatus, orna- 
 menta: v. ornament. Also pigmentum 
 may be used, provided the figure Is kejit 
 up cf. Cic. Att. 2, I, I. I'hr.: you 
 knoiv mj style of c, nosti illas ArjKv'Sou?, 
 Cic Att. I, 14, 4: in I he same way Cic. 
 uses ij.vpo6riKiov and aicuia- Att. 2, i, 
 1 ■ to be caiefiil to preserve the jiroper c. 
 of a sulijevt, colores servare, Hor. 
 
 colouring -matter : mcaitamen : 
 
 Plin. : Iviuan. 
 
 colourist: qui colomm inducen- 
 doriim perilus est. 
 
 colourman : piRmentarius : Cic. 
 
 colt: 1. fqKiileus; Cic: Liv. 
 
 2. equulus : Varr. : Cic. 3. P'l'his 
 Pquinus: Col. (If (in asss colt, puUus 
 asininus or p. asini). 
 
 coltsfoot: tu>.silago: Plin.: M.L. 
 
 colter: v. coulter. 
 
 COltunn: I. Architectural: c51- 
 
 Umna : a temple sujyjiorttd on huge CJ, 
 teni|ilum vasiis iiinixa c, Ov. : Cic. 
 i/i/jun. columella, a. ti/ioHc: Cic. Phr. : 
 supiiorted on c.s, coluninatus, Varr. : the 
 g:acei between CJ, IntercOlumiiia, oruni, 
 Cic: a tax on c.s, columniirium, Cic. 
 (N.B Not a>lumen, which Is a summit; 
 also a pop or supp<n-t: q. v.) ||. 
 
 Military: 1. aguien, Inis, n. (strictly 
 an army marching) : thei/ issue frimi 
 tkecampin a very longc, proliciscuntur 
 ex cjistrts longissimo a., Caes. : v. line. 
 2. cuneus (strictly a n edge shapci 
 c, adapted for breaking the enemy's 
 line) : tlieir ballle-array is formed tn 
 
 c.«, acies per cuneos componitur, Tac 
 G. b : forming themtelves in a vedge- 
 shaped c, so as to break the line fpiiekly, 
 c lacto ut celeriter perrumpani, Caes. 
 Phr.: to charge in tuo cj, bipartite 
 slgna Inferre, Caes. : so in three c.s, trl- 
 partito ; V. i)i\ isioN. |||. In the page 
 of a book : *c6lunina : Lachm. 
 
 comb (s^u'^O •■ 1. peclen, Inls, m.: 
 for the hair, PI. : Ov. : Jor Jtax or wool, 
 Plin. Hence adv. pecllnatim, in comb- 
 like form or anatigement : PUn. (Plin. 
 also speaks of the instruments with 
 which flax Is combed, as hami ferrei, 
 >9. I. }■) 2. sirJgllls: i.e. a curry- 
 comb : q. V. (For the comb of a cock 
 see COCKSCOMB.) 
 
 comb (>-'■) •" 1. pecto, xi, xum, and 
 tftum, }: to c. hair, comas, capillos, 
 caisariem p., Hor. : Tib. : Ov. : c.d 
 vools, pectitae lanae, Clol.: to c. flax 
 with iron liooks, linl virgas hamis ferreis 
 p., Plin. 2, depecto, xum, } (to c. 
 doirn) : to c. down the hair irith a box- 
 comb, crines buxo d., Ov. ; Virg. 3. 
 como, conipsi, comptum, j (i. e. to dress 
 the hair with some detinlng word) ; 
 capillos dente secto c. Mart. 
 
 combat: 1. pugna, proelium: v. 
 BATTLE, FIGHT. 2, certanien : v. con- 
 test, stkloolk. 3. igon, onis, 711. 
 (Gr. ayiov) ■■ only of the public games: 
 a gymnastic c, gymnicus a., Plin. Ep. 
 (certamen is however the word most 
 frequently used ot such c.s: Cic: Suet.). 
 Phr.: to ofier oneself for a c. in the 
 amphitheatre, in arenam se diire, Triph. 
 Dig.- V. arena: in close c, cominus 
 or commTnus ; as opp. to cminus, of 
 lighting or shirmishing at a distaiice : 
 V. CLOSE (quarters) : the c. was vayed 
 fi&cely on buth sides, acriter pugnatum 
 est ab utri.sque, Liv.: Cae.s. : v. to 
 FIGHT : to engage in single c, ferro de- 
 certare, Liv. (which, however, might be 
 used of a number of combatants). N B. 
 The expr. pugna singiilaris proelium or 
 certanien singulare, for single c, have 
 no good authority . pugna and cert;imen 
 are sufficiently precise . cf. Liv. n, 9 
 (Jin.), 10 (init.). 
 
 combat ('••) •• fmpngno. pugno ; ob- 
 viiim eo, coiifllctor: v. to FiciHT against, 
 
 Ol-POSE, resist. 
 
 combatant: 1. pugnator: Liv.; 
 Sil. 2. proeliator: Tac; Just. 3. 
 
 Kxpr. by phr.: never xiere c.s more 
 nearly matched, •nunquam aequiore 
 certamlne pugnatum est ; mmquam val- 
 idioreg [gentes] contulerunt amia: cf. 
 Liv. 21, i; or by tmperf. part.: they 
 convey refreshments to the c.s, cibos pug- 
 nantibus gestant, Tac. G. 7, fin. 4. 
 agonista, ae, m. (only of c.s in the 
 game.-^) : Aug. 
 
 combative: pugnax, acis; a c na- 
 tioii, p. gens, Tac. : Ov. 
 
 combatively ; pugnaclter : Cic. : 
 Sen. 
 
 combination: 1. junctio, con- 
 
 junctio: v. lmon. 2, juiittiira: a 
 skilful c. (of Words), callida j., Hor. A. 
 P. 4T : Quint (junctio is the act, junc- 
 tura, the lesult of combining). 3, 
 confiisio (more usu. in bad sense : v. 
 confusion); the union and c. of the 
 Dirtues, conjunctlo cque virtutum, CSc 
 4. concursus, us (of things which 
 meet but do not blend together) : a harsh 
 c. of vords, asper c verborum, Cic. 5. 
 cSttus, us (= No. 4) ; a c. if syllables, c. 
 syllabarum. Quint. 6. tempCratio 
 
 (i.e. apt and regulated c. ; fig.): the 
 discipline and due c. of the state (with 
 ref. to Its constituent orders), disciplina 
 ac t. civitatis, Cic ; Liv. 7. conspi- 
 ratio (esp of combining for some pur- 
 pose ; ojten a bad one) : the c. and 
 agreement of meri, c. hominum atque 
 consensus, Cic. : the c. of certain men 
 against any otte's position, c. certorum 
 hominum contra alicujus dignitatem, 
 
 Cic : v. IDNSI'IRACY, association. 
 
 combine : |. T r a n s. : l Jungo, 
 conjimgo, nxi, nctum, ? ; wisdom c.d 
 with eloquence, Kapieniia iuncta eloquen- 
 tiae, Cic : v. to join, ctnite. 2. con- 
 fero, tuli, latum, 3 (<o bring together): 
 
 c.ing (in one form) features taken from 
 all quarters, undlque collatis membrla, 
 Hor. A. P. J ■ to c. forces (of t»o gene- 
 rals), in unum c. vires, Liv. 3. con- 
 s6cio, I (implying agreement): to. c 
 tiieir shade (of trees growing together^ 
 umbram c, Hor. ; a form of novonment 
 selc ted and cAfiom tluseeleni-nts, de- 
 lecla ex his et consociata relpuhljcae 
 forma, (^c. 4. confundo, ludi, liisum, 
 J (ofiener to confute: q. v.). two no- 
 lions c.d in one, duo populi in unum 
 confusi, Liv. : to c. five dactyls in suc- 
 cession, quinque conlinuos iictylos c. 
 Quint. 6. misceo, commisceo, mLscui, 
 stvim and xtum, 2 - he " ho cj the usefui 
 and the agreeable, qui miscuil utile dulcl, 
 Hor. : foolhai diiiess is never c.d u ilA 
 wisdom, nunquam temerilas cum sapl- 
 eiitla commiscetur, Cic; v. to hinolr, 
 ELEND. 6. tempC-ro, i (to c tn due 
 
 projmrtions) : to mingle and c. a Uiing 
 init of different elements, ex dissimilibus 
 rebus aliquid miscere el u, Cic. ; to c. 
 the acute and the grave, acuia cum gra- 
 vibus t., Cic. : to c. in one idea, imam 
 in speciem t, Cic. 7. 1" pass. c6eo, 
 ivi and li, Itum, 4 (to be c.d). not so 
 that the savage be c.d with Uie gentle, 
 non ut placidip coeant immitia, Hor. . 
 see also infr. ||. Inirans. : 1. 
 conspiro, i (usu. for a certain purpose ; 
 if ten a bad one : v. to conspibe) ■ to c. 
 together to liberate the cummonweaWi, 
 ad remp. liberandam c, Cic; several 
 stales c. together, plures civiiates c, 
 Caes. 2, c5g<i, 4 (v. supr. 7) . to c 
 together, una c, Caes.. to c. together tn 
 nations, c in populos, Quint. 3. 
 
 Fxpr. by any of the trans, verbs under 
 (1.), and jnun. refl. or in pass. : v. supr, 
 
 combustible : ad Ignem concipien- 
 dum aptus ; ad exardescendum facilis : 
 cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 4;, 190. Phr.: c. 
 Tnatei-iaU; »inceudii materia; quae com- 
 buri pos.sunt. 
 
 combustion : expr. by phr. during 
 c. it {amber) keeps up 071 unctuous, 
 Strmig-smelling Jiame, fdum incenditurj 
 allt flammam pinguem et olenteni, Tac. 
 Ger. 4; ; or by comburendo, Inter com- 
 burendum, dum comburltur . v. to 
 
 BURN. 
 
 come : I, fo go to, arrive at : both 
 lit. and fig. : 1. venio, vcni, ventum, 
 4 (the most gen. lerin) on the bth day 
 we came from Athetis to Delos, sexto die 
 Deluni Athenis venimus, Cic: a voice 
 c.s to my ears, vox niihi ad aures v , PI. 
 Virg. ; when that day came, ubi ea dies 
 venit, Caes. ; the c.ing year, annus 
 veniens, Cic. : to e. under any one's pro- 
 tection, in alicujus tidem ac (Hjttsiatem 
 v., Caes. ; to c. from fable to Jacts, a 
 fabulis ad facta v., Cic The pass, vn- 
 pers. form is very often preferred to the 
 act. : as, we had come to the temfle of 
 Vesta, ventum erai ad Vestae, Hor.: 
 Liv. Hence frequent, ventito, i . (0 c 
 iKtckuurds and jorwards into the canw, 
 in castra v., Caes. : to c, frequently 
 to a house, dumum v , Cic ■ Cat. N.B. 
 "Come" as an exborlaiion or appeal 
 Is age, not veni . v. inf. (II.). 2. 
 advgnio, 4 ; to came to, arrive q. v. 
 3, per^Snlo. 4 v. to arrive fig.. 
 the affair came (« his ears, pervenil res 
 ad istlus aures, Cic. to c. compht'ly 
 iido any one's power. In alicujus pi^tes- 
 tateni p., Cic. ; to c. to utter des}>air, 
 ad desperationem p., Caes. 4 pe""- 
 go, perrexl, rectum, J (to come or gt. 
 directly or straight) : they are c.mg 
 direcily toicards us, horsum pereunt, 
 Ter. 6. adsum (ass.), ful. esse = ; 
 
 am come, etc. .- they " ere orde^ed to 
 c. and present themselves at AmpKi- 
 polis, jussi Aniphipolini adesse, Liv. ; 
 they seem to be on the point of c.ing 
 hither from Jfiica,e\ Africa Jam adfu- 
 turi videntur," Cic : c. hither: hue adesi 
 Virg. (.4dsum Is often Used as above 
 for the Sake of greater vividness v. to 
 BE PBES^:^■T.) Phr.; toe on horseback 
 by ship or sea, equo, navi, classo advehi, 
 vectus; Cic: Liv. Virg. neirs canu. 
 allatuni est. nuuiiatnm est, Liv a let- 
 ' ter came, literae allatae sunt, Cic to c 
 
 liJ
 
 COME ABOUT 
 
 COME UP 
 
 COMFORTABLY 
 
 frequently to a person's house, domum 
 alicujus frequentare, Cic. : more strongly, 
 assidue f, 8uet. . v. to frkqcext, kk- 
 60BT TO. II. In animated appeals : 
 
 camel ag6, agitfi- come,come, noir let us 
 try I age, age, nunc experiamur, 'I'er. : 
 often strengthened by adverbs ; as, dum, 
 en, eja, modo, igitur ; = cmne now ! : 
 Ter. : P;. Ill, Tu happen (q. v.) : 
 
 usu. impers.: fit, factum, figri . how c.s 
 it that, qui fit ut, Hor. : v. also the 
 eonipouuds, 
 
 come about: v pass, to come to. 
 
 after : ^- to follow, slcoeed. 
 
 again : r6\ enio, redeo : v. TO 
 
 COME BACK, KETCRN. 
 
 — — along : procedo, feror, etc. : v. 
 TO ADVANCE, GO. P h r. : c. along irith 
 vie .' *me comitare sodes ! v. to accom- 
 pany. 
 
 at: i. e. to reach, attain to 
 
 (q. v.); attingo, adipiscor, eti-. 
 
 a'way: |. Lit.- abscedo, dis- 
 
 cedo : v. to depart. ||. To separate 
 from ; as when a portion of a thing is 
 rent away: sequor, ciitus, j •. tlie bough 
 will c. away uillmg and easy, if the 
 fates summon thee, ramus volens facil- 
 isque sequetur, si te lata vocant, Virg. • 
 V. to come OFF. 
 
 back or again. 1. revgnio, 
 
 4: to C. back home again, domuni r., 
 PI. . to c. back tu tite city, ad urbem r., 
 Tac. 2. redeo, 4 : v. to retcrs. 
 
 before : antevenio, praevenio, 
 
 4: V. to anticipate, get before. Al^u 
 
 ^ to appear before (q. v.). 
 
 by : i-^- '" y^t '''' obtain : q. V. 
 
 - down; I. Lit.: i. de- 
 
 venio, 4 (usu. fig.) : to c. down to the 
 sea, ad mare d., I'l. : Caes. 2. desceiido, 
 di, sum, J : c. doum, thou jar '. descende 
 testa; Hor.: v. to descend. 3. de- 
 labor, lapsus, ; : i. e. to glid£ down : 
 q. v. II, Fig.: to be preserved (to 
 posterity) : 1. miineo, mansi, sum, 2 : 
 two memorials of him ham c. down to our 
 time, hujusad iiostram memoriam monu- 
 ment* manserunl duo, Nep. : v. to sur- 
 vive 2. duio, I : tvhatever inter- 
 esting thing had c. doienfrom antiquity, 
 quicquid memorabile ex antiquitate du- 
 raverat. Suet.: Liv. : v. to endure. 
 3. trador, prodor, itus, j : v. to 
 HAND DOWN. P li r. : no more ancient 
 treaty has c. down to our times, nee 
 uUius vetustior loederis memoria est, 
 Liv. 
 
 forth or out : L i t. : of place : 
 
 1, ex^u, ivi and li, itum. 4 : see ! 
 yonder he cs forth, eccum, exit foras, 
 Ter. : v. to go out. 2. prodeo, 4 ; 
 c. forth and open the door, prodi atque 
 ostium aperi, PI. : so also with foras, 
 PI. : to c. forth on the stage, p. in 
 scenam, Nep. : to c. forth in public, 
 in publicum p., Cic. 3. egrfidior, 
 
 gres.sus, ;. esp with foras: PI.: Ter.: 
 v. to issue forth. 4. pi ocedo, cessi, 
 cessum, } : to c. forth or out of a house, 
 foribus foras p, PI.: Caes.: Cic. : to c. 
 forth wlien born feet foremost, in pedes 
 p. nascentem, Plin. 5. e.xsisto, stiti, 
 stitum, i : to c. forth from a hiding- 
 place, e latebris ex., Liv. : a voice came 
 forth from the temple of Juno, vox ab 
 aede junonis exstitit, Cic. 6. enier- 
 go, si, sum, J : Manlius came forth into 
 the open plains, Maulms in apertos 
 campos emersit, Liv.: v. to emerge. 
 N.B. Not evenio, except in poetry, as 
 Hor. Od. 4, 4, 65 : " nierses protiuido, 
 pulcrior evenil." (For come forth in 
 sense of to grow up, v. to spring cp, 
 come up.) 
 
 forward : procedo, prodeo : v. 
 
 preced. arL 
 
 in: intr6go, intro venio, incedo, 
 
 Bie inffiro, etc.: v. to enter. Phr.: 
 to c. infor=zTo get, receive. 
 
 into : Ph r. : toe. into port, ap- 
 
 pelli, Cic. (also more precisely, in portura 
 venire); to c. into any one's power, in 
 alicujus manus devenire, Cic. (v. to 
 FALL into) to c. into rogue, in morem 
 venin-. l,iv. : many irords will c. into 
 tite again which tmve now become obso- 
 lete, iuulta renascentur, quae jam ce- 
 
 W4 
 
 cidere vocabula, Hor. A. P. "jo (a little 
 before he expresses the same thought 
 by vigent, fiorent, v. 62). 
 
 come near: (prope) accCdo, appro- 
 piliquo : v. to APPROACH, DRAW NEAR. 
 
 of: I. 'Jo be descended from 
 
 (q. V.) • ortum esse ; originem trahere, 
 ducere, etc. ||, To happen in conse- 
 
 quence of: Phr.: this is what cs of 
 dishonesty, haec merces traudis (a su- 
 peris) datur, Phaedr. ; *tales eventns 
 habet, sic plectitur mala fides, etc. 
 
 off: I. 'Jo separate itself 
 
 from : 1. rgcedo, cessi, ce^sum, } : 
 sooner shall the head c. ojf my shoulders, 
 caput e nostra citius cervice recede!, 
 Ov. : to c. off the stem {of fruits), e 
 pediculo r., Plin. : so of flesh coming 
 off the bones, :ib ossibus r., Plin. : Cels. 
 
 2. (ol liaii): defluo, j: v. TO fall 
 OFF. II, With ref. to a combat; to 
 quit the Jield : discedo, j : to c. off vic- 
 toriints, victorein d., Caes.; or, esp. of 
 non-military conjlict, superiorem d., 
 Cic. : to c. off with equal honours, aequo 
 proelio, Caes. ; aequa manu. Sail. ; aequo 
 Marte d., Liv.: to c. off without loss, 
 sine detrimento d., Caes. : to c. off f ith 
 very great glory, cum summa gloria d., 
 Cic; see also ro ejcape, get off. |||. 
 To take place (chiefly culloq.) : q. v. 
 
 on : progredior, procedo, pergo ; 
 
 v. TO .4DVANCE. As a tenii 01 exhorta- 
 tion, agite ! sequiniini ! v. to come ,11.). 
 
 out : I, L i t. : e.\eo, egieil- 
 
 ior, etc. : v TO COME forth. ||. 01 
 the teeth, etc.: cado, cficidi, casum, }: 
 Pi ; Sen. III. To be published : edi, 
 
 emitti, prodire : v. to publish. 
 
 over : |. 1.. i t. : supervenio, 
 
 4: V. to COME upon. II, Tojxissover 
 to a different party : transgredior : v. 
 TO GO OVER. III. Fig.: of certain 
 feelings, sensations, etc.: 1, curro, 
 
 ciicurri, cursum, j (wiib^ie^*.): a blush 
 came ocer her heateii Jeutures, rubor 
 calelacta per ora cucurrit, V^irg. 2. 
 
 obeo, 4 : a paleness cs over the face, 
 obit ora pallor, Ov. 3. subeo, 4 : a 
 shade cs over the earth, s. umbra terras, 
 Ov. Phr.: o shudder c.s oier me as 1 
 relate, hurresco referens, Virg. ; me lior- 
 ror perfudit; Cic; me occupat horror, 
 Ov. 
 
 round: chiefly fig. Phr.: he 
 
 vdll c. round to our opinion, *ad iiostram 
 sententiam adducetur, iransgredictur. 
 
 - — • short: ^'- to fall short. 
 
 to : {.Lit.: 1. advenio, 
 
 4 (with ad or in and ace.): / tame to 
 tlu; Jorum, ad lonim adveni, PI., ue 
 came into the province, in provinciam 
 adveuimus, Cic 2, v6nio, 4 with 
 prep.: V. TO COME. Phr.: to c. to the 
 assistance 0/", auxilio venire; subveuire 
 V. assistance. II. Fig. Phr.: I have 
 c. to the resolution, (mihi) certum est 
 (loll, by infin.), Cic : Liv. (also, more 
 lullj' : certum est deliberatumque, Cic.) : 
 / hare c to the conviction, nnhi per- 
 suasum, persuasisslmum est, Cic. ; in 
 similar sense, coinpertum habeo, Sail. . 
 •in earn opinionem perductus sum : to 
 c. to oneself, ad se redire, Ter. : Liv. ; 
 also, ad sanitatem redire, Cic. ; com- 
 putem sui, animi, mentis fieri, reddi ■ 
 V. SOUND. III. To happen to (q. v.) . 
 what has e. to himi' quid factum est 
 (de) illo ? Ter. . esp. in phr. to come to 
 pass : evenio, accido, tio, efficior, etc. : 
 V. TO happen. IV. To amount to 
 (q. v.): efficeie, esse, etc. Phr.: t( cs 
 to the same thing, eodem revolvitur 
 res, Lact. 
 
 to pieces: dissolvor, solutus . 
 
 Cic: Viir. 
 
 together : convgnio, c6eo, con- 
 
 grgdior. v. to assemble, meet. 
 
 UP : 1. succpdo, J (i. e. to c. 
 
 up to : with dat., or prep, and ace) : 
 Oiey came up to our front line, .-ub 
 primam nostram aciem successerunt, 
 Caes. ; also with ad : Liv. (L. also uses 
 the Ofc. alter succedo, without a prep.) 
 
 2. siibeo, 4 (constr. same as 1): 
 to c. up to the gate of the camp, a. ad 
 portam caslrorum, Liv. : Caes. : up cs 
 a rough forest-like growth, s. aspera 
 
 silva, Virg. 3. exeo, 4 : barley 
 
 usually ci up in seven days, plerumqne 
 e terra exit hordeum diebus septem, 
 Varr. . leaves c. up from the root, folia 
 a radice ex., Plin. 4, subvCnio, 4: 
 only of coming up to help : q. v. 5, 
 provenio, 4 (of things growing) : treet 
 cing up without cultivation, arbores 
 sponte sua provenientes. Plin.: Virg.: 
 v. TO SPRING UP. For to coTne up to in 
 fig. sense, v. to equai,- to come up uitk, 
 V. TO overtake. 
 
 COmeuron: |, Lit.: supervgnio, 
 4 (usu. « iih dat. or absol.) : he cs upon 
 him half-dtad and fallen, semianimi 
 lapsoque s., Virg. . Ov. : Liv. ||, 
 
 Fig.: as of diseases or other evils : in- 
 gruii. grui, j (with dat. ; implying vio- 
 lence) : diseases c. upon all nations, 
 universis gentibus in. niorbi, Plin.: v, 
 TO fall t;poN, ATTACK. |||. To light 
 upon : incido, di, j : v. TO fall in with. 
 
 comedian : I. ^" actor (q. v.) : 
 
 conioedus : Cic ||. A w-riter : 1. 
 comicus (scriptor): PI.: Cic. 2, eo- 
 micus poeta: Cic. Hor. desi);i;.ites the 
 old cs, poetae quorum comoeilui prisca 
 est. Sat. I, 4, 1. 
 
 comedy: comoedia: to 11 rile c.s, c. 
 facere, ler. : the old c, c. velu>, Cic; 
 c. prisca, Hor. Adv comoedice, as in 
 c, PL Pertaining to c, comicus; v. 
 
 COMIC. 
 
 comeliness: 1. decentia: thee. 
 
 •f colours and shapes, colorum et figu- 
 larum d., Cic. 2. decor, oris, m. (not 
 to be confounded with decus, ijris) : v. 
 grace, beauty. 
 
 comely : I. Becoming : dgcens, 
 
 nti^: the c graces, d. gratiae, Hor.: 
 c. attire, d. amictus, Ov. To be c, 
 dgcere; v. to be fitting. ||. Beav/- 
 tiful: pulcher, venustus, etc.: v. GBAcb- 
 
 FUL, beautiful. 
 
 comet: 1. cometes, ae, »». ; Cic: 
 
 Virg. : also sidus cometes Tac : Just. 
 
 2, Stella crinila; which Cic. says 
 
 was the usual Lat. term: N. I). 2, 5, 14: 
 
 also Stella comans, Ov. 
 
 cometary : expr. by gen. of com- 
 etes. 
 
 comfit: ▼. s>vf:et-meat. 
 
 comfort (>'■)•■ 1- TOisolor, I: to 
 
 c. any one in distress, aliquem in miser- 
 iis c, Cic. ; to c oneself by any means, 
 se aliqua re c, Cic. 2. solor, 1 (some- 
 what less strong than the corap.) : Hor. : 
 Quint. 3. allevo, i (usu. implying 
 
 actual relief, whereas solor, consolor, de- 
 iioie simply considerations addressed to 
 'he mind): to c. the body, corpus al., 
 Cic: / am c.'d when, though absent, I 
 converse with you, allevor quum tecum 
 loquor absens, Cic. : v. to relieve. 
 4. *coiiforto, I (i.e. fortem facio: 
 without classical authority) "c. ye the 
 weak hands," confortamini manus resol- 
 utas, Lact. quot. Ir. Is. xxxv. i (Div. 
 Inst. 4, 15). 
 
 comfort {.subs.) : 1. solatium (oft. 
 in pi.) : it is a great c. (or solace, q. v.) 
 to be free from blame, vacire culpa, 
 raagnum est s., Cic. : to afford c. solatia 
 praebere, Ov. 2. coiisolatio (^/le act 
 of comforting) : to need c from others, 
 aliorum c. indigere, S. Sulp. ap. Cic. : to 
 give no small c, nou mediocrem c. 
 afferre, Cic. 3. (fig-) : medicina : 1 
 
 do not require c. : lam myomi cmsuler. 
 non egeo medicina; me ipse consolor, 
 Cic. Am. }, 10. Ph r. : tAe cs of daily 
 life, *quotidiaiil usus commoda. 
 
 comfortable: commOdus; v. con- 
 venient. Phr.: a c. and easy life, 
 pinguis et nifllis vita, Plin.: he re- 
 freshes his limbs u-ith c. sle^p, pingui 
 membra quiete levat, Ov. (cf Hor. Kp. 
 I, 4, 15 : " me pingiiem et niti.fum bene 
 curata cute vises") : to maJce oneself c. 
 (with warmth, good things, etc.), corpus 
 curare, Liv. 21, 54. also uf genial indul- 
 gence, genio iiidulgere, Hor.: / hope 
 you are very c. lehere you are, vos istic 
 commodissime spero esse, Cic Fam. 
 14. 7- 
 
 comfortably: 1, commSds: t, 
 conveniently ; and preced. art, (Jln^- 
 2, suaviter: v. pi^easahtli.
 
 COMFORTER 
 
 COM M E N T 
 
 COMMISSION 
 
 comforter : 1. consolator : Cic. ; 
 Sen. 2. tOiafor Tib.: Stat 3. 
 As theol. term, the Jloly Spirit: paracle- 
 lus, parailitus (Gr. TTapoicAiriTO?): Vulg. 
 (Paraclitus is also found with J: cf. 
 Hare, Comfoiter, p. }2;.) 
 
 comfortless : solaiii expers ; ciii 
 nulla Sdlatia sunt; v. COMFORT: also 
 
 DKCOHFOP.TAIlLl;. 
 
 COmfrey : *syinpliytum • Withering. 
 
 comic, comical : I. Appertaining 
 to comaljj ; comicus : a c. poet, poeta <•., 
 Hor. : a c. subject, res c, Hor. : o c. 
 mask, c. iHTsona, (juinL Adv. cornice, 
 in a c. mavner : Oic. A c. actor, co- 
 moedus: Cic. (or actor comicus, etc.: 
 V. ACTViR). II. Hidiculous (q. v.) : 
 
 ridiculus : Cic. : Hor. P h r. : a c. fel- 
 loir, lepidus nupator. I'l. ; lepiduni ca- 
 put, Ter. Ad. 5, y. 9: v. mhrby; wag. 
 
 comically: '• e. amusiuyly: ridl- 
 
 Ciile, Icpide v. RII)ICrLOLSLV,MKRRILY. 
 
 coming (subs.) .- adveutus, us : v. 
 
 ARRIVAL. 
 
 coming (o<y.) .- i. e. about to come : 
 ▼eniurus: the c. age, v. aevum, Virt;. 
 
 comma : *conima, atis, «. : M. L. 
 (in iKinai. p. 1742, commata are the 
 small divisions of a sentence, not the 
 marks so called) : *miulina disllnctio : 
 cf. Donat. I. c. 
 
 command (".) •• I. 'fo give a com- 
 mand : 1, iinpero, i (loll, by dot. 
 and ut and subj. : osp. used of a com- 
 mand given by militarii oflicers) : v. to 
 ORDER. 2. jubeo, Jussi, jussum, 2 
 (foil, by ace. and ivjln.: implying less 
 authoritativeness than 1): v. to bid. 
 3, praecipio, cepi, ceptum, ? (i. e. to 
 give ivstrnctitni ; as one having know- 
 ledge: foil, both by inf. and by ut wiih 
 SUlij.) : V. TO INSTRUCT, DIRECT ; V. also 
 TO PROCLAIM, DECREE. jj, 'J'o be ill 
 
 command : 1, imp6ro, i (with dat. 
 or absol.)- he vho obeys modestly seems 
 vmi thy to c. some day, qui modeste paret, 
 videtur qui aliquando imperet, dignus 
 e.sse, Cic. : v. to govern. 2. im- 
 
 pSrito, I (frequent of I)- to c. great 
 armies, magnis legionibus imp., Hor. 
 Lucr. But of commanding an army 
 more usn., 3. praesuni, fui, esse 
 (with dat.) : to c. a fleet or army, classi, 
 exercitui p.. Caes. : v. head of. to bk 
 AT. 4. duco, xi, ctuni, ? (■.vitli ace.) : 
 to c. the first pit us or century, primuni 
 pilum d., Caes.: to c. jxirt of an army, 
 partem exercitus d.. Sail. In the same 
 way is used <lucio, i {frequent.), of 
 continued command : Sail. 5. prae- 
 sideo, sedi. 2 (with dat.) : to c. an army, 
 exercitui p., !';«•. |||. Of situation . 
 1. specio, aspecio, i : v. to look 
 towards. 2. prospecto, 1 : the villa 
 C.S a iieir of the Sicilian and Tuscan 
 sea, villa p. .Si.irlum et Tuscnm mare, 
 I'haedr. : I'lin. l-:p. l"hr. the villa, 
 though situateil at the fool, has as c.inij 
 a view as if it n-rr-- at the top, villa in 
 colle imo sita pi ospicit quasi ex suninio, 
 I'lin. Ep. : a dining-room which c.s the 
 same'view as the pintico, coenatio quae 
 eadem quae porticus aspicit, Plin.: so 
 with intueri, I'lin. : if tlie view is 
 beloir, despicere, I'lin. : v. view. P h r. : 
 a fortress c.ing the city, arx urbi ini- 
 minens: cf. Li v. 21, 11 : the beach nas 
 c.'d by the adjoining height.'', ex locis 
 snperioribus in litus tela conjici pote- 
 rant, Caes. B. G. 4, 2j. 
 
 command: I. The right or poner 
 to command : 1. imperium to confer 
 a c, imp. dare, Cic: to cmitimte any 
 one in c, alicui imp. prorogare. SueL : 
 to prefer civil and military c.s to friend- 
 thip, magistratus imp. amicitiac ante- 
 ponere, Cic. 2. praefectiira (the 
 
 position of one put in autlurrity ; prae- 
 ficio) the c. of the fiallic cavalry, equi- 
 tum Gallorum p., Hirt. : the c. of the 
 wings, p. alarum. Sunt. 3. regimen, 
 inis, n. : to hold the c . r tenere, Tac. : 
 the c. of cohorts, colioiiiuni r., Tac. 4. 
 summa (only of cHurf command) : the c. 
 or responsibility of the whole uar, totius 
 belli 8„ Cic. : more freq. in combination 
 with Imperii : to liold Uie supreme mili- 
 tary c, a. imperil tenere, Cic. : Caes. 
 
 I'll r. : to appoint to c, praepono, prae- 
 ficio (with ace. of persfjn. and dat. of 
 thing): V. to APl^iJJT: to hare the c, 
 praesum (with dat.): v. to command, 
 be gover.nor. K I g. : to have tite c. of 
 one's tmtyiie, ears, etc., lingua, auribiis, 
 competere, Tac. H. j, ■;}: they had 
 scarce sufficient c. of thentselres, vix 
 competere animus, Liv. 22, 5. ||. 
 A single act of c. (v. order) 1. ini- 
 
 pf rlum : to obey a c, im|ierlo parere, 
 Caes. : unjutt c.s, injusta imp.. Sail.: by 
 Jove's c, Jovis imperio, Virg. 2. 
 
 dictum : to obey the cs of Ser. TuVius, 
 Ser. Tullio dicto audieniem esse, Liv.: 
 Virg.: V. WORD. 3. impgratinn: to 
 come at c., ad Imp. venire, Caes.: to ex- 
 ecute cs, imp. facere, Caes. 4, man- 
 datum : V. charge, commission. 5. 
 Ju.ssuin: V. order. N.B. Jn the abl. 
 only we find the form injussu, u-ithout 
 Command :, v-ilhoul Caesar's c, injus-su 
 Caesaris, Caes. : u-ithout its oivn c. (of 
 the people), inj. suo, Cic. 6. prae- 
 
 dlctum (rare): the dictator's c, dicia- 
 toris p., Liv. 
 
 commandant, commander : 1, 
 
 imperator: i. e. c.-in-chief : v. gene- 
 ral :y em. imperatrix, icis: Cic: I'lin. 
 2. duclor: Cic: Liv. v. leader. 
 3. dux, diicls, c. ; v. general. 4. 
 praefectus (prop. part. pass, of praeficio : 
 hence sometimes foil, bj- dat.): c. of 
 cavalry, p. equitum, Hirt.; or simply 
 praefectus : Caes. : c. of the fleet, p. 
 classis, Liv. : Cic. : c. of the imjterial 
 guard, p. praetorii or praetorio, lac. 
 P h r. : to be c. of, praeesse : v. to coji- 
 MAND : to appoint any one c, praeficio, 
 praepono : v. to appoint. 
 
 commemorate : memoriam aiicujus 
 
 rei servare ; celebrare, concelebrare : v. 
 to celebrate. N.B. Not commemoro, 
 which is to recount. 
 
 commemoration: ccicbratio: v. 
 
 celebration. Phr. : by nay of c, 
 ♦memoriae (conservandae) causa ; quod 
 monumeiito sit; quod memoriam aii- 
 cujus rei levocet. 
 
 commemorative : ad memoriam 
 aiicujus rei seivanclani aptus. 
 
 commence: incipio,occfpio; inchoo; 
 exordior, eic. : v. to begin. 
 
 commencement: initium, princlp- 
 iuni, priniordium, elc. : v. beginning. 
 
 commend : I. To commit, give 
 
 in charge: \, commendo, 1 (with 
 ace. and dat.) : I c. and commit myself 
 to your protection, ego me tuae c el 
 committo tidei, Ter.: to you I entirely 
 c. And entrust myself, tibi me totiun c. 
 a'que trado, Cic. (N.B. Kor the simple 
 verb maiido, V. TO commit.) 2. credo, 
 concredo : v. to entrust. 3. com- 
 
 mitto: V. TO C;mmit. II, To' speak- 
 well of: V. TOi-RAisE. Ill, Tor. to a 
 person's notice or favour, commendi> v. 
 ro RECOM MEND. | V. • To make accept- 
 able : 1 probo, I ■ Epicurus has c.'d 
 hinwelf to many persons, K. se multis 
 probavit, Cic 2, approbo, i : during 
 his first years of service he c.'d himself 
 to .V. Paullinus, prima castroruni ludi- 
 nienta S. Paullino approbavit, I'uc. 
 
 commendable: 1. commenda- 
 
 bilis, e (rare) : not c. for any mei-il, iiec 
 ullo c. merito, Liv. 2. probabili>, e 
 a c. orator, p. orator, Cic. 3. lauda- 
 bilis, e: v. praiseworthy. 
 
 commendably: 1, laudSMiuer: 
 lolire c , I. viveie.Cic. 2. laudate: Min. 
 
 commenda ion: I, The act of 
 cemmeitdiny to any one's protection or 
 favour: comnniidiitio: v. recommenda- 
 tion. II. Approbation, praise : q. v. 
 
 commendatory : commendiiticius : 
 a c. letter, lain Mae, litterae c, Cic 
 
 COmmender: kiudator, commend- 
 ator : V. Aiii.AiDER. 
 
 commensurable : *id quod cum 
 
 aliqiia re coninieiiri possis. 
 
 commensurate : i- e. adequate, 
 
 sutliciriit q V . to 6e c. ivith. congru- 
 ere, respondere, convenire, quadrare ; v. 
 
 TO AGREE. AN.SWEK TO. 
 
 comment C) ■■ I. To make verbal 
 observations on anything : sententias de 
 aliqua re dicere, lerre: v. observation : 
 
 and foil. art. ||. I0 m-ite noteg on 
 a book, eic. : 1, annOto, i toe, on a 
 book; librum an., Plin. Ep. 2. coro- 
 mentor, 1 ; to c. on poems, c. canniiu 
 Suei. 
 
 comment (»''6«.) .• |. An observa- 
 tion or remark (usu. in pi.) : dicta, sen- 
 tentiae; I.e. sayings, opinions q. v 
 Phr.: to make c.s on anything, pcrli. 
 oiDimemorare de aliqua re (i. e. to make 
 froiumt mention oj it). Cic; to make 
 invidious cs <m any une, crimina (inall- 
 quem) serere, cf. Liv. 24, 2} (cf. Virg.'s 
 spargere voces in vulgum ambigua.',) ; 
 Invehl in aliquem, Liv. (but both are 
 stronger than the Engll.-h). ||. ,4 
 note, to illustrate a n-rilimj, etc.- annSt- 
 atin, commentarium, etc: v. annota- 
 tion. 
 
 commentary : commeniarius, com- 
 meniarium. usu. \npl. (prop, of memo- 
 randa made in a note book: q. v.): cs 
 expain nhat is obscure in uritings, 
 commenlarii quae obscure scripia sunt 
 edisserunt, Hier. (the conimentaria of 
 Suet, are prob. notes, grammalical atui 
 critical.) 
 
 conimentitious : commenticlus: 
 
 Cic. : V. ncTiriuLS. 
 
 commerce: I. "Prade: l. com- 
 mercuiiii : a grral sea a7id an unknov.ii 
 tongue jneiented c, mare magnum et 
 ignara lingua commenia probiuelant, 
 Sail. 2. mercatura, mercalus Cic: 
 V. TRAFFIC. _ II. Intercourse: q.v. 
 
 commercial : Quod ad commercinm 
 pertinet. Phr.: tfiey have c. dealings 
 with us, est iis commercium cum ni>bis, 
 Cic. : to bring about c. intercourse be- 
 tiieen different notions, dlversas gentei 
 commercio misceie, Plin. c. places, 
 commercia, Plin.: a c. mart, forum 
 rerum venalium, Sail. (v. makket)- a 
 c. nation. *genscomnnrciis dedita. a c 
 treaty, *foedus de rebus venalibus ira- 
 portandis atque exporiandis iclnm- 
 there is very little c. intenourse betveen 
 them and other nation.':, minime ad eo8 
 mercatores saepe conmieant, Caes. 
 
 COmminatlOn: minae, armn; T. 
 menace. 
 
 commingle: misceo, commisceo: t. 
 
 TO .MINI. I.E. 
 
 comminute : commlnuo, contendo: 
 
 V. TO BUKAK l.\ I-IKCES. 
 
 commiserate : n^lsSror, commisir- 
 
 or : V. TO PITY 
 
 commissariat : |, A body of 
 
 men to uliom is entrusted the provision- 
 ing of troops : rel frumcntariae prae- 
 fecti ( the most general term for such 
 officers; V. Tac A. 11, ?i): qui rei fni- 
 mentariae commeatnique praesuni {v. 
 inf. U.)- frunientarli, Hirt.: »dnum. 
 viri, triumviri, etc. rei frumenlariae cu- 
 randae, supp>editandae. ||, The actual 
 rictualling of an army; 1, res fru- 
 mentaria : Caes. : Tac. 2. commSaius 
 us: for reasons of c, rei frumenlariae 
 comniealusque causa, Caes.: v. provi- 
 sions, 
 
 commissary : one to uhom some- 
 thing is committed in chajge: procur- 
 ator; curator; legalus : v. coumd- 
 sioNER, agent 
 
 commission (.subt.): |, Act of 
 
 coinmilltng or doing: expr. by ger. or 
 l>art. of verbs under cxjMM IT (II.). Phr.. 
 to lie caught in the e. of a crime, depre- 
 bendi in manifesto scelere, Cic ||, .ict 
 if intrusting, as a charge or duty: 
 expr. by verb : in the c. of your interests 
 to my protection, 'quod res ruas meae 
 tidei commendasti : v. to cojuikmi, 
 COMMIT. Ill, The business committrd or 
 entrusted : 1. mandatum (usu. in pi.) : 
 to perform a c, m. procurare, Cic. : also, 
 m. exsequi, persequi, Cir. ; lo gire any 
 one a c, alicui mandata dare, Cic : to 
 niglct a c, m negligere, Ov. ; an avtion 
 for the performance of a c, actio niand- 
 ati, I>ig. : Cic. 2, causa (rare): to 
 u hum the senate had in the public behalf 
 given the c. to thank me, cui senatus 
 dederal publlce causam {i.e as a kind 
 of britf) ut mihl gralias ageret, Cic 
 ly, A numtier of persons joined in 
 an office or trust : *l\ quibus allqnid ex- 
 US
 
 COMMISSION 
 
 COMMON 
 
 COMMOTION 
 
 Bequendum, peragendum, procurandum, 
 etc., committitur, niandatur, permit- 
 titur: to be put in c. (e.g. an office), 
 •procuratoribus commltti, etc. : to put 
 a ship into c, *navem instruendam at- 
 qne ad belluin parandam curare. V. 
 In commerce : P h r. : to do business 
 on c, negotia procurare, Cic. ; 'ex man- 
 dato negotlari : a c. merchant, *qui ita 
 negotiatur ut ex rerum vendendaruni 
 fructibus, ratam portiotiem (centesi- 
 mam, qulnquagesimam, etc. ; i. e. mie 
 w two per cent.) ipse sibi perctpiat: 
 his commission, merces: v. remune- 
 ration. VI. •*" ^^^ army: Phr. : 
 to hold ac.in the army, militibus, co- 
 hort!, etc., praeesse, praepositum esse : 
 V. TO COMMAND : to get a c. as tribune, 
 tribunum fieri, Hor. 
 
 commission (»•) •■ '• e- to give a com- 
 mission to: mando, i : I do not intend 
 to c. you at all by letter in refei ence to 
 <mr affairs, tibi de nostris rebus nihil sum 
 mandaturus per literas, Cic. : also man- 
 data alicui dare : v. sapr. {subs.) : v. to 
 
 CHARGE, EMPOWER. 
 
 commissioner ; now used of if gaily 
 
 eommissioned persons only .- le^atus 
 {one sent upon public business) : Sail. ; 
 V. ENVOY, AMBASsAUOR. In I-atin the 
 numoer of such c.s is often expr. : as, 
 two c.s tor building a temple, duumviri 
 aedis taciendae, Liv. : so we find, trium- 
 viri reipublicae constituendae ; decem- 
 viri legibus condendis, etc. : c.s of bank- 
 ruptcy : *ii quilnis negolium commit- 
 titur ut in res debitoris qui non 
 solvendo sit, Inquirant, or de debitoris 
 rebus, etc., quaestiunem liabeant: v. 
 
 COMMISSION. 
 
 COnunit: I. T"" .9"'e in trust: 
 
 1. mando, i (with ace. and dat.) : to 
 e. a son to any one to rear, tilium alicui 
 alendumm., Vlfg : toe. seed to Iheground, 
 semen terrae m.. Col.: to c. anything 
 to memory, to writing, aliquid mem- 
 oriae. Uteris ra., Cic. 2. commendo, 
 I (stronger than simple verb): v. to 
 COMMEND. 3. committo, misi, mis- 
 sum, } (usu. with ace. and dat.): v. TO 
 COMMEND: to c. sceds to the furrows, 
 semina sulcis c, Virg. : to c. anything 
 to writing. Uteris c, Cic. ; tabellis c, 
 Ov. : to c. the issue to accident, rem in 
 tasum ancipitis eventus c, Liv. 4. 
 tlcpono, pQsiii, pOsltum, } : to give back 
 vhat has been c.'d to one, deposita red- 
 dere, Cic. : esp. in the language of Chris- 
 tian epitaphs, of the body c.'d to the 
 grave, depositum : v. to deposit. 5. 
 demando, i : io c. boys to the care of a 
 tutor, pueros unius (paedagogi) curae d., 
 Liv.-: to c. the care of the icmirukd sol- 
 diers to the tribunes, curam sauciorum 
 miUtum tribunisd., Liv.: Suet.: v. to 
 
 ENTRUST, GIVE OVER. Phr.: to C. tO 
 
 ]n-is<m, in carcerem, in vincula conjicere ; 
 ill custodiam dare, Cic, : v. to imprison. 
 ||. 1\) perpetrate (a crime) : 1. 
 admitto, misi, missum, j (usu. with in 
 and ace. oipron. reflect): what srtch 
 great crime have I c.'d f quod in me 
 tantum facinus admisi.' Cic: also with 
 direct ace. ; if MUo had c.'d any offence, 
 si Milo admisisset aliquid, Liv. 2. 
 committo, j (perh. less strong than ad- 
 mitto : foil, by direct ace) : to c. a 
 greater off'ence, inajus delictum c, Caes. : 
 to c. aduiiery, adulterium c, Quint. : Cic. 
 3, concipio, (cpi, ceptura, j (prop. 
 of planning the deed): they had c.'d 
 inexpiable crimes, fraui'.es inexpiabiles 
 conceperant, Cic. : to c. a shameful ac- 
 tion in concert ivith any one, flagitiura 
 cum aliquo c , Cic. 4. edo, didi, dit- 
 um, J (of the overt deed) : to c. a a-iine 
 against any one, scelus in aliquem e., 
 Cic 5, ptrpelro, I (rare in this 
 sense): to c. sacnh-ge, s;»crilegium p.. 
 Just. See also to be gutltv of. |||. 
 To engage or bind : 1. oblige, i : the 
 engagement of a vow by which we are 
 c.'d to the god, voti spoiisio qua obliga- 
 mur deu, Cic. the republic holds him 
 c'dbymami and great pledges, magnis 
 et mullis pignoribus respublica cum ob- 
 ligatum tenet, Cic. 2. obstrlugo . v. 
 to bind -. 
 1^6 
 
 commitment: expr. by verb: V. 
 to commit. 
 
 committee : delecti quibus aliquid 
 agendum, curanduni, pincurandtim com- 
 mittitur: iir simply delecti: Liv. The 
 precise number is often named; as, to 
 arrange those Ian s a r. of ten men is 
 appointed, ad eas (lege.s) constituendas, 
 decemviri creati, Liv. epit. 
 
 commodious: 1. commodus: V. 
 CONVENIENT. 2. e.xpgdiius {x.s. freed 
 from obstacles) : he leaves the light vessels 
 in a c. place (of anchorage), expedito 
 loco actuaria navigia relinquit, Caes. 
 Phr.: a c. house, *aede3 satis amplae 
 atque commodae. 
 
 commodiously ; commode : v. CON- 
 VENIENTLY, com PORTA ULY. 
 
 commodiousness : v. convenience : 
 of a house, harbour, etc.: amplltudo : v. 
 
 SPACIOUSNESS. 
 
 commodity: usu. of things bought 
 and sold : res venalis ; merx : v. mer- 
 chandize. 
 
 common (adj.): |. Belonging 
 
 to mure than one, shared with: com- 
 munis, c (foil, by dat. or abl. with 
 cum) : death is c. to every age, onmi 
 aetati mors est c, Cic. : Troy, the c. se- 
 pulchre of Kurope and of Asia, Troja 
 ciimmune sepulcrum Kuropae Asi.ieque, 
 Oat. . the one is c.tous and to the gods, the 
 other to us and to beasts, alterum nobis 
 cum dls, alterum cum beluis c. est. Sail. : 
 all things belonging to friends are c. to 
 each other, c sunt amicorum inter se 
 omnia, Cic. : c. feeling or sense of pro- 
 priety, c. sensus, Hor. (also used to de- 
 note ordinary reason ; Phaedr. M. L.) : 
 c. places, 1. e. stock topics, loci c, Cic 
 
 II. Belonging to the public: 1. 
 publicus: c. property, (quod) publici 
 juris est, Hor. : Cic. : v. public. 2. <x>ta- 
 mfinis, e: their private property was 
 small, the c. stock large, privatus illis 
 census erat brevis, commune (Gr. to 
 Koii'oi') magnum, Hor. : c. subjects (i. e. 
 such as are c.property), commuuia, Hor. 
 Phr.; to provide for thee, good, in com- 
 mune consulere, Ter. ; so, laborare in c, 
 Quint.: tohaceall things c. (j>lT'\aly, to 
 get for the general good), in medium 
 quaerere, Virg. : similarly, in medium 
 quaesita reponere, Virg. ; in medium con- 
 ferre, Cic. : v. common, in ; coMMUNrrr. 
 
 III. Usual, ordinary : 1. vulgaris, 
 e ; rare and not c, rarum et baud v., 
 Cic; c. opinion, use, opinio, usus v., 
 Cic: c./ace, vulgaria, Hor. : v. vulgar. 
 
 2. tritus (i. e. i< ell-tvorn) : a c. 
 proverb, t. proverbium, Cic. : let us 
 make tliis word more general and c, 
 faciamus usltatius hoc verbum actrilius, 
 Cic. 3. vilis, e, (i. e. of little value, 
 cheap : q. v.) ; ivater, commonest of 
 things, aqua vilissima rerum, Hor. : 
 the c. round (rf subjects), v. orbls, Hor. 
 
 4, vulgatus (i. e. generally diffused) : 
 a c. opinion, v. opinio. Quint. : a more c. 
 report, vulgatior fania, Liv. : very c, 
 pervulgatus, a very c. form of consola- 
 tion, perv. consolatio, Cic (N.C. There 
 appears to be no good authority lor the 
 word pervulgaris.) 5. quotidianus 
 
 (i. e. of every day) : c. icoi-ds, q. verba, 
 Cic 6. popiilaris, e (1. e. used by 
 people in general) : c. words, p. verba, 
 Cic. : c. {cheap) salt, sal p., Cato ; the c. 
 name (of a plant), p. nomeii, Plin. 7. 
 uigdiocris, e ; v. middling, ordinary. 
 Phr.; a c. soldier, gregarius miles, Cic. ; 
 Sail. : a c. horse soldier, g. eques, Tac. : 
 a c. soldier's cloak, gregale sagulum, 
 Liv. : c. bread, cibarius panis. Cic. (prob. 
 with ref to the ratiov.s [cibaria] of a 
 common soldier or slave) : a c. man, 
 i. e. belonging to the c. people (plebs), 
 plebeius homo : a c. iccmuxn ; v. prosti- 
 tute. IV. In grammar or prosody: 
 
 1. commiinis, e: a c. syllable, c syl- 
 laba, Donat. : c. gender, c. genus, Charis. 
 
 2, anceps, cipilis: v. doubtful. 
 
 3. promiscuus: o c. nomi, promis- 
 cuum nomen, Quint. 
 
 common {subs.) : l. e. public pasture- 
 land, communia pascua ; ager pubDcWs, 
 compascuus, Cic. : also, commSttiones, 
 . um : V. Fore. s. v 
 
 common, in (.adv. phr.): I. For 
 c. use, for all ■■ in mediimi, in commiine : 
 V. common (IL). II. With another or 
 others : 1. commdniter • the letter 
 
 which you wrote in c. with others, litterae 
 qiias c cum aUis scripsisti, Cic. : anger 
 inflames them both in c, ira c^ urit 
 utrumque, Hor. 2. promiscue ye 
 would prefer to enjoy the whole of the 
 Campus Martins in c. to possessing a 
 small part of it as private property, 
 promiscue toto quam proprie parva fiui 
 parte Campl Marlii malletis, Cic. 
 
 common-council : milniciimUs s8n- 
 atus ; deciiriones (the members of the 
 senates of colonies and municipla, or 
 provincial towns, were so called), Cic^: 
 of or belonging to such a body, decurio- 
 nalis, e ; Inscr. 
 
 common-crier : praeco, onis : -r. 
 
 CKIEK. 
 
 common-hall . ^- hall. 
 
 common-law; Jus nvile, tralati- 
 ciiun (i. e. traditum a majoribus), Suet.: 
 lex non scripta, Cic. 
 
 common-place: I. Subs.: Wcus 
 communis (esp. in pi.) : used of the 
 stock-topics which might be introduced 
 in any speech, etc.. Cic ||. Adj.: 
 
 hackneyed, wanting novelty, etc. . vul- 
 garis, pOpiilaris; v. common (IlL). 
 
 common-place-book : commenta- 
 rius: esp. in pi: Sen. Plin. Ep.. v 
 
 KOTE-BOOK. 
 
 commonage: 'right of pasturing on 
 common land : ^us agri publici, com- 
 pascui. 
 
 commonalty, commons : piebs 
 
 plebis ; also plebes, ei, /. : i. e. th£ c. of 
 Rmae as opposed to the patricians tri- 
 bunes of the c., tribuni plebis, or simply 
 tribuni", Cic. : Liv.: thee, influenced by 
 a desire for ruling, seceded from the 
 patricians, plebes, dominandi studio per- 
 mota, a patribus secessit. Sail.: Cic: 
 Liv. : a resolution of the c, plebisci- 
 tum, as one word, Liv. Dimin. as 
 termof contempt, plebecula: Hor. Adj. 
 plebeius, belonging to the c: v. ple- 
 beian. Phr.; the house of c., *parla- 
 menti s. senattis plebeius ordo. Milt. 
 Defens. 8 : members of the house of c, 
 senatoies plebeii. Milt. : who also uses 
 domus plebeia and collectively plebs: 
 ib.: *curia plebeia (the building). 
 
 commons : i- e. rations (q. v.): cib- 
 aria, orum : PI. : Caes. 
 
 commonly : I. usually : 1. 
 fere, lerme, plerumqug- v. csu.ALLr. 
 
 GENERALLY, mostly. 2. VUlgO: SUch 
 
 were the times that men were c. killed 
 with impunity, ejusmodi tempus erat 
 ut homines v. impune occiderentur, Cic. • 
 it happened that the soldiers c. left their 
 standards, accidit ut v. milites ab signia 
 discederent, Caes. ||. In a common, 
 i. e. ordinary or vulgar manner : med- 
 iocriter. vulgariter (rare) : v. \ ulgarly, 
 
 commonwealth: 1. respubiica, 
 
 rgipublicae (applicable to a monarchy as 
 well as to a republic) : the c. underwent 
 a complete revolution, commutata ratio 
 est rei totius publicae, Cic. : to perform 
 one's duty to the c, reip. offlcium prae- 
 stare, Caes. : / speak of these three k-inds 
 of c.s, luquorde tribus his generibus rer- 
 ump., Cic. Sometimes res alj/ne is uted, 
 especially by poets : he shall establish the 
 Roman c, hie rem Romanam sistet, 
 Virg. : Caesar being the guardian of the 
 c, custode rerum Caesare, Hor : the 
 Gauls are generally fond of changes in 
 the c., Galli novis plerumque rebus stu- 
 dent, Caes. 2. civitas: used both of 
 the body politic and of the members of it 
 collectively : v. state, citizens. 
 
 commotion: J. Violent motion 
 ingeneial: 1. motus, its (chiefly of 
 political tumults, etc.) : to occasion a c 
 in the state, raotum afferre reip., Cie. 
 2. commotio : v. disturbance, ex- 
 citement. 3. agitatio (i. e. tosiing, 
 agitation: q. v.): cs of the naves, a^it&' 
 tiones fluctnum, Cic 4. tumultus, us 
 {tumult, disorder ; q. v.) : having quitted 
 the camp with great noise and c. magno 
 cum strepitu ac t. castris egressi, (aes. : 
 hangups turned into sudden c, in re-
 
 COMMUNE 
 
 COMPANION 
 
 COMPARATIVEIT 
 
 pentinos convivia versa t., Ov. : dammy 
 phlegm will produce a c. in the tx/avls, 
 itomacho t. lenta feret pltuita, Hor. 
 5, turba (not ; q. v.). a stirrer up 
 of cjs, concitauir turbae atque tumultus, 
 Liv, ; to make c.s in the camp, effictre 
 t. ia castris, Cic. : they get their liveli- 
 }tood from c. and seditions, turba et se- 
 ditionlbus aluntur, Sail. Hence, means 
 of c, turbanienta. t reipublicae. Sail. : 
 t. vulgl, Tac. : a stirrer up of c, turba- 
 tor, Liv. : Tac. ■ the act of stirring up 
 «., turbatio (rerum) : Liv. 1' b r. . to 
 calm the c. of the waves, fluctus coinpon- 
 ere motos, Virg. : to excite f.s in the 
 commonwealth, rcmp. miscere, turbare, 
 
 Cic.: V. TO CONFUSE. 
 
 commune ('•)■• collOquor, confabu- 
 
 lor V. TO OON\ KRSE. 
 
 commune ('"fts.) .- perh. pagus : 
 Cic. 
 
 communicable : q«od commQnicari, 
 imperiiri, poie^t: v. to cosimlniuate. 
 
 communicate: A, Trans.: |, 
 
 To iiujjart, bestow (q v.) . iniperlio, do, 
 etc. N.B. The sense may sometimes be 
 conveyed by means of ad iti composition : 
 as, to c. bij rublnng, by breathing, atlric- 
 are, afflare, etc. ||, To share recipro- 
 cally: communtco, i (with ate. and cum 
 and abl., or inter and ace.) .• a man with 
 whom I may c. uluiterer gives me any 
 anxiety, homo quocnm communicem 
 omnia quae me cura aliqua aOiciuut, 
 Cic. : the plan having been c.d to eacfi 
 other, communicato inter se consilio, 
 Liv.: V. TO SHAKE. See also to dis- 
 0IX)SE, REVEAL. B. In trails. : |. 
 To have access by a communication or 
 })assage: conimeatus coiitinere, PI. St. 
 J, I, 44. Phr : a passage by which 
 cliambers c, pervius usus tectiirum inter 
 se, Virg.: v. thoboughfaee, j-assage : 
 the veins of the body c. with each other, 
 •corporis venae invicem se excipiunt. 
 II, To have intercourse : 1. com- 
 miintco, l (prop, trans. : v. supr. J): to 
 c. with any one on very imjiortant sub- 
 jects, allcul de maximis relius c, Cacs. : 
 also, c cum aliquo de aliqua re, Gic. 
 2. coUoquor : v. To converse, 
 
 CCS FEE. 
 
 communication (sufe.) : |. The act 
 
 of imparting, conferrrng, or delivering 
 from one to another : conmiiinicatio : e. 
 of advantages, c. utilitatuni, Cic: c. of 
 adirice, consilii c, Cic. ||. Intercourse 
 by verbal or other means : 1, com- 
 mercium : to have c. with the plebeians, 
 c. plebis habere, Liv.: / have n( c<mi- 
 munication tvith him, milii c. ullius rei 
 cum illo non est, Cic. 2. fisus, us • 
 he is a neighbour of mine and I have 
 much c. with him, mibicuni eo vicinitas 
 et magnus u. est, Cic. 3. consuetii- 
 
 do : v. INTKRCDURSE, CONNEXION. |||, 
 
 A connecting passage .- 1, conimea- 
 tus, lis: PL 2. transit us, us: he 
 established a c. across tlie dttcli by a 
 small uooilm bridge, fossae transitum 
 punliculo ligneo conjunxlt, Cic. I'hr. : 
 to cut off tite cs of an armit. copias a 
 mutuo inter se auxilio interdudere, cf. 
 Liv. 8, 24: V. TO CCT OFF: to keep c.s 
 opCTi, *aditus (ad se, etc.) apertos, exped- 
 ilospraestare; efficore ut ne aiitusprae- 
 seplantur. interclmlantur, etc. 
 
 communicative: v. frank, af- 
 fable. Phr.: a very c. man, *qui 
 llbenter cum aliis semiocinatur, coUo- 
 quitur, consilia, rationes coiifert ; ser- 
 mons libero atque randido b<iino; cui 
 bene rimosne auies >uiit. cf. Hor. S. 2, 
 6, 46 (fai ele'). 
 
 communicativeness ; v. preced. 
 art 
 
 communion: I. Fellouship, in- 
 iercours'^, amimunitii (q. v.) : comnmnio, 
 e5cietas, consuriium, etc. ||, The 
 
 Lord's suiper : commr.nio. Aug.- also, 
 Eucbaristia. coeiia liominl: v. eucha- 
 BIST. Ill, l'ni<m of professing Chris- 
 tians in a particular church : societas: 
 V.60CIKTV. 
 
 community : I, Common posses- 
 sion or ei'jdi/inent: 1, commiimtaii, 
 c. of life and subsistence, vitae atque 
 Tli'tus c., Cic 2, communio; c. of 
 
 law, of rights, c. legig. Juris, Cic. 3. 
 (onsortlum. societas: v. j-abtxeeship. 
 Phr.: they ha^l etUirec. of guud.^ , utimia 
 (iis) communia el indivisa omnibus 
 erant, Justin.: v. common, in. ||, A 
 society of people : 1. civltas : v. 
 STATE. 2, commiine, is, n. (Gr. 
 
 TO Koii'w) : the c. of tlie Milycuies, c. 
 Milyadiim, Cic. 
 
 commutability ; expr. by phr. : 
 
 inter se cuuiiiiutari posse, etc. : v. to 
 
 EXCHANGE. 
 
 commutable: quae inter se com- 
 
 mutaii iM..-.-,iiu. 
 
 commutation: mutatio, permuta- 
 
 tio, etc. : V. CHANGE : and foil. art. I' li r. 
 a c. of titlies, *decimarum mutatio cerla 
 pecunia. 
 
 commute: <^sp. used of altering a 
 punishment to one less severe: i'hr.: 
 his sentence of death was c.d to lianish- 
 ment, *capitis damnaio exilium ei per- 
 niissum est; qimm sententiis judicum 
 capitis damnatus esset, leviore poena 
 exilium ei irrogatum est : to c. tithes, 
 *decimas certa pecunia mutare. 
 
 compact {<'<^jd •• 1. compactus 
 
 (part, of compingo) : with some such 
 adv. as bene, apte, arete: cf. Cic. Fin. 
 }, 22, 14: as adj. the word is not found 
 in Cic. ■ c. and strong limbs, c. firmaque 
 membra, Suet. 2. sOlidus : v. solid. 
 3. spissus : o tunic of a close, c. 
 ■texture, s. tunica, PI., a c. ship with 
 seams that heepout tvater.s. navis, junc- 
 turis aquam excludentibus, Sen. v. 
 DENSE, CLOSE. 4, pressus: this and 
 the preceding word are esp. used of 
 style: V. CONCISE. 
 
 compact (»•) •■ compingere atque co- 
 agmentare, Cic, Fin. }, 22, 74: v. to 
 
 CEMENT, fasten TOGETHER. 
 
 compact (subs): 1. pactum: a 
 c. i.< an agreement bttveeti parties, p. 
 est quod inter aliquos convenit, Cic. : to 
 abide by a c, in pacto manere, Cic; 
 pacto stare, Liv. (Pactio, properly the 
 act of forming a compact, is also used 
 for the c. itself : v. agreement.) 2. 
 fuedus, eris, tu (usu. but not always, a 
 public c): a c. of friendship, f ami- 
 citiae, Ov. : to make a c. (of two parties), 
 f. inter se facere, Cic. (if a formal treaty, 
 f. icere, ferire): v. league, treaty. 
 3, conventum, conventio : v. agree- 
 ment. Phr.; if they stood by their c, 
 si in eo manerent quod convenisset, 
 Caes. 
 
 compactly : confertim ; dense, 
 spisse ; presse : v. closely. 
 
 compactness : I. Of particles or 
 component elements: 1. densitas, 
 
 spissitas or spissitudo : v. dfj<sity, 
 closeness. 2. sSliditas- v. solidity. 
 Phr.: the c. of the phalanx, *phalan!:is 
 ordo confertus. J|. Of style ■ Phr. 
 we admire the c. of the style of Thucy- 
 dides, *densum et rerum frequentia 
 crebrum 'I'hucydidem miramur : v. con- 
 cise, close. 
 
 companion • 1. sScius . the most 
 general term : whom no one would wish 
 to have as his cs at dinner, quos s. 
 habere ad epulas nemo velit, Cic. : he 
 was always my c. and friend, is mihi 
 s. atque amicus semper fuit, Cic. 2, 
 sodalis, is, m. (a c. at table ; a boon c, 
 messmate) : your friend and c, tuns 
 amicus ets., PL: l'<mipey, firstof mycs, 
 Pompel meorum prime sodalium, llor. ; 
 it was the time for a feast, cs I tempus 
 erat dapibus, sodales 1 Hor. 3. cen- 
 sors, rtis, c. (o partner, q. v.) : a c. in 
 gains and thefts, c in lucris atque furtis, 
 Cic 4. cOraes, Itis, c. (esp. on a 
 
 journey'): he ivas my c. and the sharer 
 of all my jour^teys, c. mens fuit, et om- 
 nium itinerum meorum socius, Cic. : to 
 go as a c. to any one, alicui c. ire, Virg. : 
 Hor. Fig.: glory the c of death, mortis 
 c. gloria, Cic. 5. contubemalis (prop, 
 of soldiers in the same tent : hence in 
 gen. sense) : Pliii. Kp. Phr.. a boon c, 
 combibo, onis ; compotor, Cic : a table 
 c. convictor, conviva, Cic. : v. guest ; a 
 c. in tricks, congerro, onis, PL : v. cosi- 
 rade . to tie a c. of , keep company u-ith, 
 conversari ; usu. foil, by cum : Sen. : 
 
 Col. ; famlliariter nt!, latus alicujus noa 
 deserere (i. e. to keep c. with constantly). 
 
 ac 
 
 companionable : 1. aimmOdus . 
 a c. messmate, comissator c, 1 er, ' Cic : 
 V. OBLIGING. 2. fScllis, e; v. raft, 
 KIND. 3. affabllis, e v. affable. 
 N.B. Not sociabilis which = c<iy<i6te of 
 association: v. sociahle. I'hr: a 
 very good-natured and <■. man. 'vir fao- 
 illimis atque commodissimis moribus; 
 quocum jucunde conversari possis the 
 revertt of c., incommOiius, inOleslOB, 
 importiinus, diifTicilis: v. disagbeeablk, 
 
 CIltmLISH. 
 
 companionably ■ comiier, urbanS, 
 
 etc. ; V. (orilTFJlCSLV, 
 
 companionship : 1. sMallias 
 (i. e. the intimacy of sodales : v. <om- 
 FANION, IL): c. and intimacy, s. famil- 
 larliasque, Cic. (The form sodalicium 
 is less usual, but is found in CatuU. and 
 Val. Max.) 2. contubemium (prop, 
 of soldiers making use of the same tent 
 hence generally of persons living under 
 one roof, or associating togeVier) : cf. 
 Suet. Aug. 89; CaL 10: and I'lin. Kp. 
 10, 94 (9;.) Phr.- to enjoy the c. of 
 anyone, aliquo familiarlter uti, alicujus 
 lateri adjungi, etc v. cosipanion (.An.) 
 
 company: I, a body of soldiers : 
 (?) manipulus (the thirtieth part of a 
 legion: a maniple): to deploy the cs. 
 manipulos la.xare, Caes. Phr.: soldiers 
 of the same c, manipulares, Caes. : the 
 army teas drawn up by c.s, manipula- 
 tim structa acies, Liv. Or perh. cen- 
 turia may be used : v. century. ||. 
 Any assemblage or collection, of men or 
 of animals: 1, coetus, iis: a c. of 
 matrons, c matronarum, Cic: Suet. 
 
 2, grex, grftgis, m. (prop, of ani- 
 mals) : will you then cast back Sulla 
 out of these cs of most respectable men 
 into this c f in huiic igitur gregem P. 
 SuUam ex his honestissiinorum homi- 
 num gregibus rejicietis? Cic. (but gre.v 
 is used in a bad sense = crew : q. v.) 
 
 Ill, An assembly of persons for en- 
 tertainme^H or ft stivity : 1. (of those 
 present at a coena) : coenantes, um : 
 what c. you had that you so enjoyed, 
 I would fain know, quls coenantibas 
 una, pulcre fuerit tibi, nosse laboro, 
 Hor. S. 2, 8, 19 : to offend the c, coe- 
 nantes offendere, Hor. (In the same 
 way may be used convivantes, comis- 
 santes. etc.; ace. to the nature of the 
 entertainment : v. to banquet.) 2. 
 convivium (prop, the entertainment 
 itself; and used of the people in pi. 
 only in late authors): .Sen.; v. guest. 
 
 IV. ^ body of players : 1, cat- 
 erva (rare): PL 2. gi'cx: PL: Ter. 
 
 V. A number of persons united /!»• 
 trading purposes: 1. sOcIgtas: he 
 formed a cfor those commodities which 
 
 were procured in Gaul, fecit socletatem 
 earum rerum quae in Gallia compara- 
 bantur, Cic 2. coUEgium : v. guild, 
 corporation. VI. '1"''^ creiu of a 
 ship: socii navales : v. crew. 
 
 comparable : 1. compirandns, 
 confcrendus ; v. TO compare, 2. 
 
 comparabllis, e (very rare): Cic: LIt. 
 
 3. aemulus (with da/. : poet.): lip* 
 c. to rotes, labra rosis ae., Hor. 
 
 comparably ; ita ut comparari, con- 
 ferri possit: v. to compare. 
 
 comparative: I. Estimated by 
 comparison, not positive or absolute: 
 Phr. : we may easily see the c. in.'^ig- 
 nificance of these causes, ^uam nuUae 
 siiit hae causae, si modo aliis confcran- 
 tur, videre palam [in iijierto] est; you 
 luive great c. odmntatjes, *niagTia tibl 
 alienorum ratione habita adjuinenia 
 sunt. N.B. Not comparativus : which 
 means pertaining to comparison : It 
 must however be used in technic.il 
 sense ; as, c. anatomy, •anatomia com- 
 parativa. ||. In Grammar . the c 
 
 degree, gradus coim>anitivus; or with- 
 out a subs. • Donat, (In the same sense 
 Fest. has collatlo.) 
 
 comparatively: Phr.: (they show) 
 
 c. a good deal of calculation and sl.-iU 
 for Germans, multum ut inter Qer- 
 
 m
 
 COMPARE 
 
 COMPEL 
 
 COMPETENCE 
 
 manos rationis ac sollertiae, Tac. : he 
 was, for a Roman, c. a Uarntd man, 
 multae (erant in eo) ut in liumine Ro- 
 mano literae, Cic. Or it may be expr. 
 by such phrases as, *si modo cum aliis 
 conferatur, comparetur ; ratione aliorum 
 babita, etc.: or, by the compar;itive de- 
 gree : as, the good orators will be found, 
 by the side cf the good potts, to be c. 
 few in number, multo pauciores ora- 
 torea quam poetae boni reperienlur, Cic. 
 Phr. . c. Jew perstnis, nemo tere, Cic. 
 N.B. Not compiiriite, which is good 
 Latin, but has a diff. sense: v. Cic. 
 Top. 22, 84. 
 
 compare : 1. compare, i (the 
 word denoting the thing to or with 
 which another is compared, being put 
 in the dat. ; the ace. with a piep. Qrare ; 
 and poet.]; or, very freq. in ilie abl. 
 with cum) : to c. resemhUivces, simill- 
 tudines c, Cio. : to c. things greater, 
 less, equal, majora, minora, paiia, c, 
 Cic. : nor is this man to be c.d to the 
 other, nee comparandus hie quidem ad 
 ilium est, I'er. : ewen the' Gauls them- 
 selves do not c. themselves to the Ger- 
 mans in valuar, ne se quidem Galli ipsi 
 cum Germanis virtute c, Caes. : and 
 does Ajax c. himself to me ? et se mihi 
 c. Ajax } Ov. : to c. things together, res 
 inter se c, Cic. 2. compono, posui, 
 pOsitum, ; (constr. same as 1) : to c. 
 words vith deeds, dicta cum fartis c. 
 Sail. : to c. small with great, parva mag- 
 nisc, Virg.: Cic. 3. confero, tuli. la- 
 tum, } (constr. same as above) : c. this 
 peace with that uar, conferte lianc 
 pacem cum iUo bello, Cic. : to c. small 
 things with great, parva magnis c, 
 Cic. : Hor. 4. conterido, di, sura and 
 turn, i : c. whatever i/ou have said 
 on the other side with my d/fence, 
 quidquid tu contra di.xeris, id cum nos- 
 tra delenaione contendito, Cic. Rose. 
 Am. }}, 9; (where inmiediately after 
 conferre is used synonymously) : to c. 
 laws, leges e., Cic. : v. to contrast. 
 N.B. Comparo is used of comparing 
 things which nearly resemble each other : 
 compono is to set siile by side, in order 
 to discern resemblance or difference : 
 confero and contendo, esp. the latter, 
 are often equiv. to the Kng. contrast: 
 q. V. 5. aequiparo, i : i. e. to set 
 on an equality with: PI.: Liv. : v. to 
 
 LIKEN. 
 
 comparison: I. The act of com- 
 paring : 1. comparatio: Cic." 2. 
 coUatio (esp. of rhetorical c.s or sim iks ': 
 q. V.) : Cic. 3. contentio : Cic. (who 
 uses contentio along with comparatio, 
 Otr. I, 17, 58). 4. Kxpr. by means 
 of verb: as, " c.more than realiti/ makes 
 men happy or wretched," *homii'ium for- 
 tuiiae magis quum inter se conferuntur, 
 quam quum ipsae per se aestimantur, 
 eos vel beatos vel miseros reddunt. See 
 also foil. art. 
 
 comparison, in : foil, by with (adv. 
 
 phr.) : 1. ad (with accus.) : in c. 
 with this man's m^idorn he {Thale.t) tvas 
 a trifler, ad sapientiara hiyus ille nu 
 gator fuit, PI. : a ivorlhi/ man and not 
 uiiletteied, but nothing in c. with (''no- 
 thing to'^ Peisius, vir bonus et non 
 illiteratus, sed nihil ad Persium, Cic. 
 2. adversus (i. e. as a set off 
 against : with ace.) : what are tu-o suc- 
 cessful ivars in c. ivith so many dis- 
 graces f quid sum duo prospera bella 
 adversus tot deilecora .' Liv. 3, prae 
 (with abl. : or, when a clause follows, 
 prae ut or prae quam : very common) : 
 you are not, indeed, free fi-om annoy- 
 ances, but in c. with us are happy, non 
 tu quidem vacuus molestiis, sed prae 
 nobis, beatus, Cic. : this, imleed, is no- 
 thing in c. with other things that I shall 
 tell of, nihil liercle quidem hoc prae ut 
 alia dicam, I'l.: noiu [ think little of 
 anything else in c. nith the way in 
 which he has humbugged me, jam mino- 
 ris omnia facio prae quam quibus modis 
 me ludificatus est, PI. 
 compartment : 1. iseuius : e.ip. 
 
 top/.; which often signifies a box di- 
 vided into c.s: tvith cj or small cells, 
 138 
 
 one separate from another, loeulis seu 
 cellulis, alia ab alia distinctis, Plin. : 
 Varr. : Veg. : see also coffer. Full of, 
 divided into, c.s, 15culatus : painters have 
 large boxes, full of c.s, in which are 
 different coloured paints, pictores 1. 
 magnas habent arculas ubi discolores 
 sunt cerae, Varr. Also ISciilosus : Plin. 
 2. cella, cellula : v. CELL, 
 compass (subs.) : |, stretch, 
 
 scope: 1, gyrus,!, m. : you confne 
 the orator to a very narrow c, in exi- 
 guum sane g. oratorem compellitis, Cic. 
 de Or. i, 19, 70. Col. 2. fines, can- 
 celli : V. limits, BOtJNDABiES. Phr : 
 to treat (the whole subject of civil laic) 
 within a narroiv c, in parvum quen- 
 dam aiigustumque concludere, Cic. ; so, 
 in exiguum augustumque concludere, 
 Cic. : to confine oneself within a narrow 
 c. (of literal translation), in artum (arc- 
 tum) desilire, Hor. : he would sing 
 through the whole c. of his voice, cita- 
 ret, modo summa voce, modo hac reso- 
 nat quae chordis quatuor ima, Hor.: v. 
 
 EXTENT, REACH, CIBCnMFERENCE. ||. 
 
 Cr/mpasses, pair of : circinus : Caes. : 
 Vitr. Ill, Mariner's c. : " py.xis iiau- 
 tica; magneticae acus capsula": Kr. 
 (Perh. better •acus magnetica alone.) 
 
 compass ("•) •• I. To encompass : 
 q. V. II. To accomplish (q. v.) : ex- 
 s6quor, consgquor, j ; patro, perpetro, i. 
 
 compassion : miseilcordia (the emo- 
 tion or pa.-ision itstlj) : niiseratio (the 
 action ot the mind in c.) : to feel c, mi- 
 s6ret, 2 (impers. : with ace. of subject 
 and gen. of object) : to shoiu c, miser- 
 esco, J ; niiseror, commisSror, i : v. 
 PITV (subs, and i-erb) throughout. 
 
 compassionate (adj-) ■• misgricors, 
 dis: c. toKanls any one, m. in aliquem. 
 Cic. ; also in aliquo (i. e. in any one's 
 case). Sail. I'he comp. and superl. 
 must be expr. by circuml. : as, very c, 
 misericordiae plenus; magna s. eximia 
 misericordia ; pr.ie omnibus clcmens ac 
 misericors : more c, majoris misericor- 
 diae : V. COMP..VSSION. ( I'he forms in 
 -ior and -issimus occur, but are inele- 
 gant.) 
 
 compassionate (^'■) •• miseret, mis- 
 ere.sco, etc. : \ . to pity. 
 
 compassionately : 1. misericor- 
 
 diter : yuadrig. : Lact. : comp. miseri- 
 cordius: August. 2. Better expr. 
 by adj. or subs.: as, to aet c. {toicurds 
 any one), misericordia uti, misericordem 
 se praebere, esse, etc : v. supr. (adj.). 
 3. clemeuter: v. mildly, merci- 
 fully. 
 
 compatibility : 1. congrQentia : c. 
 of character, c. morum. Suet.: Plin. Ep. 
 2, convgnientia (i. e. accord, con- 
 formity) : V. ageeement. Phr.: there 
 is no c. of character between them, *mi- 
 nime eorum mores inter se congruunt, 
 concinunt : v. to agree. 
 
 compatible: congruus, conveniens, 
 etc. : v. AGREEING. But the word should 
 very rarely be rendered literally : e. g. 
 the offices of advocate and of judge are 
 deemed not c, *parum convenire vide- 
 tur patron) et Judicis ratio*, persona- 
 v. INCOMPATIBLE: if we have found a 
 person c. in cltaracter and natural dis- 
 position, si aliquem nacti simus cujus 
 cum moribus et natura congruamus, 
 Cic. 
 
 compatibly: congruenter, conven- 
 ienter, Cic: v. agreeably. Phr.: 
 this cannot be dime c. with the piMic 
 safety, hoc salva republica fieri nequit. 
 
 compatriot: civis, popularis: V. 
 fellow colntbyman. 
 
 compeer: 1. par. piris: prop. 
 
 an adj., but used as sub.s. : Liv. 2. 
 
 compar, aris (rare in this sense) : PI. 
 
 3. aequalis, is (one of the same 
 
 age) : Hor. : v. eqcal, companion. 
 
 compel: 1, cogo, c6egi, cOactum. 
 } (with inf. or ut and sub} ) : he could 
 not be c.'d to fight, cogi pugnare non pot- 
 erat, Liv. : [ began to c. him by force 
 to return, v\ cepi c. ut rediret, Ter. : the 
 infin. is sometimes omitted: to irhat do 
 you not c. mortal breasts, accursed greed 
 of gold, quid non mortalia pectora cogis, 
 
 auri sacra fames? Virg. 2. com- 
 
 pello, puli, pulsum, } (generally wltk 
 ad or in : rarely with ut or inf.): toe 
 any one to surrender by hunger, ad de- 
 ditionem fame c. Suet. : / am c.'d by 
 injuries to this state of feeling, in himc 
 sensum compellor injuriis, Cic: to c. 
 any </ne to submit to abomiruible com- 
 matids, c aliquem jussa netanda pat' 
 Ov. : / c.'d and constrained the cunning 
 old man to entrust everything to me, 
 callidum seneni compuli et perpuli ut 
 mihi omnia crederet, PI. 3. siibigo, 
 egi, actum, j (o^nstr. similar to 2) : he 
 could not be c.'d to declare his accom- 
 plices, ut ederet socios subigi non potnit, 
 lac. : he c.'d the Volsci to surrender, ad 
 deditionem Volscos subegit, Liv.: he 
 had c.'d the people of Tarqainii by fear 
 to furnish the army with corn, Tarqui- 
 nienses metu subi gerat frumentum ex- 
 ereitui praebere, Liv. 4, Sdl^o, egi. 
 actum, j (usu. to e. to tahe an oath ; with 
 jusjurandiira or sacramentum in ace. or 
 abl.) : all being c.'d to take the oatit, om- 
 nibus jusjurandum adactis, Caes. ; also, 
 jurejuraiido adactis, Liv. : sometimes 
 with in verba (= jusjurandum) : the pro- 
 vince being c.'d to take the oath of alle- 
 giance to Yitellius, provincia in verba 
 Vitellii adacta, Tac 
 
 COmpeller (rare): coactor ("adjutor 
 et ut ita dicam, c^iactoT," Sen. Ep. 52, }): 
 but coactor in Hor. is a collector : q. v. 
 
 compendium : fipitome, summa: 
 
 rium : V. abridgement. N.B. Not com- 
 pendium : which denotes o saving. 
 
 compendious : brevis idemque ple- 
 nus: V. BRIEF, CONCISE. 
 
 compendiously : brgvlter, simima- 
 
 tini : V. BRIEFLY. 
 
 compensate: I. Trans.: 1. com- 
 penso, I (foil, by ace. anda6{ either alone 
 or with cum): our greatest labours cdby 
 greiit glory, summi labores nostri magna 
 compensati gJorla, Cic. : all these things 
 are c.d by the advantages of honour, 
 haec omnia honoris conimodis com- 
 pensantur, Cic: v. infr. (li.). 2. 
 penso, I : to c. for a premature death 
 by the eternal remembrance of his name, 
 praematuram mortem immorlali nominis 
 sui memoria p.. Veil. : Plin. 3. rg- 
 penso, I : Sen. : Yell 4. rSpendo, 
 
 di. sum, } : to cfor defects of figure by 
 talent, r. damna formae ingenio, Ov. : 
 Virg (joined with compensare in dell. 
 but not found in classical prose). 5. 
 remnngro, remuiieror, i : v. to REyniTE, 
 REPAY II. J n trans.: coinpenso, 
 
 (in pass.) : nevertheless the joy I felt c.d 
 for (lit. weighed equally u ith) all these 
 things, compensabatur tamen cum bis 
 omnibus animi laetitia quam capiebam, 
 Cic. See also to cotJNTERBA lance. 
 
 compensation : compensaiio (strict- 
 ly .subjective ; and denoting the rstimate 
 formed not the c. itself: hence t« be 
 used with care) : wise men mitigate the 
 evils nf life by looking at the c. of its 
 advantages, sapientes vitae incoinnioda 
 commodorum compensatiune leniunt, 
 Cic. Mostly better expr. by verb: 
 as, c. is a universal law, "omnia omni- 
 bus or semper bona malis, compensan- 
 
 tur : V. TO COMPENSATE. 
 
 compete : 1. certo, i : v. to 
 STRIVE, VIE WITH : to c. for a goat (of 
 early tragedy), ob hircum c. Hor. : to c. 
 in archery, celeri c sagitta, Virg. 2. 
 contendo, di, tum, j : to c. in the rapid 
 foot-race, rapido c. cursu, Virg. : to c. 
 with any one in iceatth and expendi- 
 ture, divitiis et sumptibus cum aliquo c. 
 Sail.; also contra aliquem c, Caes. : Cic. 
 3. peto, ivi, and ii, itum, j (i. e. to 
 c. for a prize, honour, etc.) : v. compE' 
 TiTOR. 4. compgto, i (to c. for: 
 rare) : Just. : Aur. Vict. 
 competence I I. Sufficiency of 
 competency f '*« means of life .- 
 Phr.: the man is ruot poor who has a 
 c.. pauper non est cui rerum suppetit 
 usus, Hor. : to be content with a simple 
 c, tantuli egere quantulo opus est, Hor- : 
 to accumulate more than would tea c^ 
 plura cogere quam satis est, Hor.: to 
 have a c, quod dod dealt habere, Hor. :
 
 COMPETENT 
 
 COMPLETE 
 
 CO M PL I CATION 
 
 to jnooide a c , parare ea quae supped- 
 itent et ad tultum et ad victum, Cic. 
 Off. 1, 4, 1 2. II, J.eyal capacity , 
 
 jus: V. RKiHT. 
 
 competent : 1. cSpax : c. to rule, 
 
 luui he never become ruUr, c. imperil 
 nisi impera-Mset, lac. : Cic: v. catahi-k. 
 2. Idoiieus: v. suitable, ade- 
 QUATK. 3. sutTecturus (Jut. part, of 
 buificio) : wlw uijulU decline siipreiuf, 
 power tkouyh c. Jor it, qui iiiiperiuin 
 abnuerent suffecturi, r:ic. A. i, i?. 4. 
 {OS %vitnesses, authoritits.etc.): lOcuples, 
 etis: a c. autliortty, u-ituefs, 1. auctor, 
 testis, Cic. (whu however uses the word 
 in non-legal sense = idoneus). Ksp. in 
 phr. to be competent : 1. conipCto, 
 ivi and li. iluni. j : they were lianily c. 
 to seize t/teir arms and Jit them on for 
 tnittle, vix ad anna ciiplinda aptanda- 
 que piignae coiniwient.minius, LIv. 22, 
 5: V. c<»i>iAM> (to liave), 1. jin. 2. 
 sufTicio, leci, lectuni, } : v. tosDfkick; 
 used witii ref. to persons esp. in Veil, 
 and later writers : as, to be c. to support 
 llie ueiyitt of empire, sustinendo inipcrlo 
 8., Veil.; also absol., Tac. A. i, 1} (v. 
 supr.). I'lir. : c. to give evidence, tes- 
 tabilis : (Jell. : not so. or to make a vill, 
 jntestabilis: Hor. ; i'ac. : / think il is 
 c. Jor me, or, I have a right to say, Id 
 mibi Jure dicturus videor, Cic. 
 competently : satis, Idonee (rare) : 
 
 T. SUFKICIKNTLV, ADEliDATKLY. 
 
 competition : 1, certamen, inis, 
 n. : a c. of musicians, citharoedorum c, 
 (juint. ; c. musicutn. Suet. : to enter into 
 c, certamen inire, Liv. : Virg. : v. con- 
 test. 2. ceriSlio : Cic: v. stkife, 
 CONTEST. 3. conientio : a c. for 
 
 honour, honoris c, Cic. 4. aeinulatio : 
 
 V. RIVALRV. 
 
 competitor: 1. competitor: a 
 
 certitiii c, i. e. one sttie to be a c, certus 
 c., Cic. Alt. I, I : Liv. Fern, competi- 
 trix, icis: Cic. 2. pfititor : v. can- 
 didate. I'lir. : to be a c. for the con- 
 sulate, praetors)ap, etc., consulatuin, 
 praeturara petere, Cic. (conipetere is 
 lound in Just., but in this seuse appy. 
 not In Cic.) 
 
 compilation : I. The business of 
 compdiug: Phr.: he was a ma.'iter in 
 the art of c, *egregias eral in libris ex 
 allorum scrlptis condendis. ||, A book 
 composed of other books : peril. *lil)er ex 
 aliorum scriptis excerptus atque coni- 
 paratus; or ex alienisopibusinstructus: 
 not conipilatio, which means pilfering, 
 plagiarism. 
 
 compile : Phr.: to write an original 
 teork is one thing, to c. a book another 
 and vei-y diffeient thing, *allud est 
 scripta propria pangere, lorigc aliud 
 librum ex aliorum scriptis componere. 
 
 compiler : qui librcjs ex aliorum 
 scriptis coiidil, pangit, componit. 
 
 complacency : "su. expr. by placeo, 
 ui, 2 (with dat. of the person who 
 feels it): the gods who regard with c. 
 the seiKn hills, di quibus scpleni plaruere 
 coUes, Hor. : Cic. . to regard oneself 
 ■with c, sibi pi., Cic. Sometimes = rfe- 
 light : as, " O thou my sole c. .' " (Alilt.), 
 *0 tu mea sola voluptas ! 
 
 complacent: '• e. pleasing, q. v. 
 
 See also SKLh -COMPLACENT. 
 
 complacently: i- e. with compla- 
 cency (q. V.) : expr. by placeo. 
 
 complain : |. r r a n s. : i. 
 
 queror, questus, } (the subject of com- 
 plaint expressed by ace. ; by abl. with 
 de; by ace. and inf. ; or by clause with 
 quod ; the person c'd to in dat. or with 
 cum and apud): to c. of a wrong, in- 
 juriam q., Cic. : to c. of any one's urong, 
 dv injuriis allcujus q., Cic.: toe. to the 
 senate, cum imtribus conscriptisq., Liv.: 
 toe. to a step-mother, apud novercam q., 
 PI. : they c. that they have, been aban- 
 doned, queruntur se relictos e.sse, Cic. : 
 he C.S that he has been deserted, quod sit 
 destitutus queriiur, Caes. 2. con- 
 
 queror, } (stronger than simple verb: 
 same constr.) : I'l. . Cic. 3. ploro, i : 
 they c. d that the hoped-for good-wiil did 
 not atte.nd their deserts, ploravere suis 
 WW respondere favorem meritis, Hor.: 
 
 y . TO LAMENT. To c. of often = to find 
 fault vnth, charge, accuse (q. v.). ||. 
 i n I r a II s. : i. e. <o utter sounds of com- 
 plaint: K^mo, ingimo, ingemisoo; Um- 
 cntor, flfeo, etc. ; v. To lajiknt. 
 
 complainant: v. plaintiff. 
 complaining (aiij.)-. l. queri- 
 buiidus (i. e. JulL ol complaints) : Cic. 
 2. quSriUus: Hor.: I'liii. : v. goB- 
 
 Itlll.OLS. 
 
 complaint ; I. ^ renumstrance : 
 
 1. querela: a just c, q. jUita, Ov. : 
 Cic. : in^(. often ol weak or unreason- 
 able. c.Si a letter full of c.s, eplatola 
 plena querelarum, Cic. 2. querlnio- 
 
 nia (= querela : v. Habichl, ij 784; but 
 prob. never used in the lighter sense of 
 •luerelae as alxjve) : Cic. : Nep. 3. 
 questus, us (= preceding) : vain, 1. e. 
 u.s' less c, vanus c, I'haedr. : to pour 
 forth lavish c.s, in questus effundi, Tac. ■ 
 he fills the sky vilh c.s, coelum quee- 
 libiis iniplet, Virg. See also, lamenta- 
 tion. II. Charge, accusation : 1, 
 querela : to lodge a c. with any one, q. 
 apud allquem deferre, Cic. 2. nomen 
 ill phr. nomen deterre ; prop, to repi/rt 
 tlie name (of a person) : Cic. : Tac. 3. 
 crimen, crlininatio: v. accdsation. |||. 
 Disease : q. v. 1' h r. : to relieve c.s of 
 tlie lu7igs and boirels, pulmonis ac vis- 
 cerum querelas levare, i. e. c.s arising 
 from disease of them. Sen. 
 
 complaisance : >- e- (excessive) de- 
 sire to pbuse : 1. obsequium : com- 
 plaisance makes friends, truth enemies, 
 obs. amicos, Veritas odium parit, Ter. : 
 also In good sense : Cic. : too mucli given 
 to c, in obsequium plus aequo pronus, 
 Hor.: V. complmnck, oiiiSE<iniou.sNE.ss. 
 2. obsgquentia = obj-equiiun (rare) 
 Cacs. 3. aaommodatio : i. e. oiiuii- 
 ingness, :ourtesv: q. v. 
 
 complaisant: i.e. desirous to please: 
 
 1. in obs6quiuin pronus: Hor. 2. 
 obsequiosus : PI. 3. commodus i. ». 
 obliging : q. v. 4. officiosus (i. e. 
 ready to do anything in order to gain 
 favour): the extremely c. race of candi- 
 dates, officiosissima natio candiilatorum, 
 Cic. : also in good sense : v. obuciing. 
 
 COmplaisantly : comiter, commOde 
 
 V. politely, OBIJlilNGLV. 
 
 complement: I, That which jiiis 
 
 up; something aJtied in order to com- 
 plete: 1, complementum : Cic: Tac. 
 
 2. supplemenluin . v. supplement. 
 
 II. Of troops, crevs. etc.: suus Hu- 
 merus: he surely nould not have done 
 this if the ships had had their c, id 
 certe non fecisset si suum n. naves ha- 
 berent, Cic Phr.: to give the legions 
 their full c. of me^n, complere legiotiw. 
 Cues.: legions with only half their .- rf 
 men, semiplenae legioiies, Veil. 
 
 complete (adj.) : I. Entire, tvant- 
 ing none of its parts: 1. plenus: a 
 c. and entire year, p. annus atque in- 
 teger, Cic: a c. and Jinished orator, 
 orator p. atque jxrlectus, Cic. 2. 
 
 integer (i. e. untouched, unbroken : v. 
 supr.) : Cic. : Hor. : v. entire. 3. 
 
 expletus : what is perfect and c. in all 
 its members and parts, quod (lerfectuin 
 ex.que est omnibus suis nuineris et 
 partibus, Cic. (complclus is also found 
 as adj. in Cic; but is rare). 4. pc- 
 fectus: v. perfect. 5. cflmulaius 
 (stronger than perlectus, with which it 
 is sometimes joined): perfect and (abso- 
 lutely) c. virtue, perlecia c.iiue virtus, 
 Cic. 6, Justus (i. e. jxisseesing evo-y 
 element rightly belonging) : esp. in phr. 
 a c. army, J. exercitus, Liv. (with ref. 
 to the regular consular armies) : v. re- 
 <iULAit. I'hr. : c. in himself (of the 
 philosopher), in se ipso toius (teres 
 atque rotundus), Hor. S. 2. 1, 86. your 
 imist agreeable letter m/uie. my joy c., 
 jucundissimae tuae lilerue cimiulum 
 nilhl gaudii attuleruiit, Cic ||, 
 
 Finished, completed : ab.s<5lutus, per- 
 fectus : V. to complete, finish. 
 
 complete ("•) -■ I. To jUl up. make 
 up completely : 1, conipleo, evi, etum, 
 2 : Gorgias c.d a hundred and seven 
 years, Gorgias centum et septein coni- 
 plevit aimus, Cic : these things c. a most 
 
 I happy life, c. ea beatisslmam ▼itara 
 Cic 2. expleo, 2 : to c. a nirmber, 
 nuiiKruni ex., Caes. : absolutely to c 
 tlie happy lift, ex. cumulate vitam be- 
 atam, Cic 3. suppleo : v. to fill 
 LP, SUPPLY. Phr.. tlie (author) toAo 
 c.s his hundred years, centum qui per- 
 flcit aniios. Hor. ||. 'Jo accomptitk, 
 bring to completiim . absol vo, perllcio, 
 exigo, pgrigo, exs6>iuor, oonsiunmo, etc • 
 v to fi.msh. 
 
 completely: omnino, plane, prorsus: 
 V. altogether. May sometimes be 
 expr. by the superl. of an adj.; as, c. 
 miserable, miserrinius. I'hr.. c. happy, 
 ab omul parte beatus, Hor. (.\.B. Not 
 perjecte unless the meaning is to per- 
 fection, perfecti y : (\. v.) 
 
 completeness : 1. absomtio (prop, 
 the act of completing) : may Ije sireiigifa- 
 ened by the addition of i>erlectio : as, 
 requiring tJtis c. and pei lection in an 
 orator, banc abs. ]>i-rlectioiiemque In 
 oratore di-Miderans, Cic: v. PEKFhX-TiON. 
 2. iiiligiiULS : \. e. entireness : q. v. 
 
 completion: j. The act of making 
 complete: expr. by pan of verb: v. 
 T(j COMPLETE. II. That iWiic/i moJces 
 complete : cumulus : ebf/uenoe brings 
 c. to the arts of tlie pliilosirpheTS, elo- 
 quenlia c. artibus philosophorum affert, 
 Cic : the c. of trexicliery, perhdiae c, 
 Ov. : v. COMPLETE (i. fin.). Ill, The 
 act of finishing: abs^iluiio, perfectio, 
 confectio: Cic: v. a(Xompushmknt. 
 
 complex: 1. multiplex, Icis (the 
 antithesis of simplex) : a c. and siUitile 
 art (viz. mathematics), m. suttiUsque 
 ars, Cic: also in lit. sense: the c. and 
 tortuous bmve.ls, a\vus m. et tortuosa, Cic. 
 2. complicatu.s, implicatus : v. com- 
 plicated, intricate. 3. *complexus; 
 oiily :ls tech. t. in logic. M. U 
 
 complexion : C451or, oris, m. .• a 
 snowy c, niveus c, Hor. : an agreeable 
 c , sua vis c, Cic : the c. is to be preserved 
 by bodily exercise, c. exerciUitionibos 
 corporis tuendus est, Cic. Fig.: the c. 
 of a work of gen ius, operls c, Hor. : the 
 c. of a Ufe, vitae c, Hor. Phr.: the c. 
 if alTaii s, rerum facies, Tac. See also 
 tempekame.vt, aspect. 
 
 complexity : mostly expr. by meaoR 
 of ailj. : on account of tlie c. of the tut>- 
 jer.t, 'propter muliipllcem rei naturam ; 
 propter rei rationes subtiles atque im- 
 plicatas : v. complex. 
 
 compliance : 1. obtempgratio : 
 
 if justice IS c. icith irritteii laics, ai jus- 
 titia est ob. scriptis li^pbus, Cie. 2. 
 obsequium : to promise every kind of c.bu 
 any one, omnia obs. alicui poUioeri, Cic : 
 V. ( omi'Lai.sance. Phr.: to act inc. 
 irith ((»( aifieement, ex pacto et conTento 
 aliqiiiil f;K*ie, Cic. 
 
 compliant: 1. obsSqnens, ntis 
 c. to oms father, piiiri ob., Ter. : a more 
 0. mind, animus olioeqiieiiUor, Sen. : v. 
 complaisant. 2. fiicllis, e; a c. ajuJ 
 litteial father, f. et libeialis pater, Cic • 
 esp. of re^uliiiias to listen to entreaties: 
 Cic. : Ov. 3. oftlciosus: v. com- 
 
 plaisant. 
 
 compliantly: ohsequenter: Liv.: 
 
 Plin. : V. roMPl.AISANTLY. 
 
 complicate : '• e- '» make intricate, 
 dithcult : *riin inip<Mtitiorem retldere; 
 alicujus rei rationes imiieditlores s. im- 
 plicatiores reddere: v. complicated. 
 
 complicated: 1. mvoiiiius: to 
 tscplain c. siibj'Cts by definition, res inv. 
 detiniendo explicare, Cic. 2. implic- 
 iitus : a c. question, imp. quaeilio, 
 Oell.: Cic. 3. coniplfcStus: Cic. 4. 
 ln)j)Oditus : a long and c. speech, longa 
 et imp. oraiio, tjuiiil. : Cic. 5. no- 
 dOsus: i. e. knotty, intri.ale: q. v. 
 
 complication: I. Lu.: impUc- 
 
 atio: a cot siyieirs reaching over the 
 irltole boily. lurvonim imp. toto corpore 
 pertiiiens, Cic ||. Fig., of affairs: 
 1, impllcatio : c. i. e. etnbarrass- 
 ment of pecuniary affairs, imp. rei 
 familiari.'!, Cic. 2. impllcamentum 
 
 (rare): Aug. Phr.. on ivg to these 
 political c.s, *propter banc tam j)er- 
 turbatam relpubllcae ratlonera ; hoc tam 
 pertiu'bato atque Implicato relp. statu.
 
 COMPLICITT 
 
 COMPOUND 
 
 COMPREHENSIVE 
 
 complicity : conscientia to give rise 
 ioa suspicion of cpraebere suspicionem 
 conscientiae, Tac. to confess c. in a con- 
 spiracy, c. conjurationis confiteri, Tac. 
 Or expr. by particeps, eonscius, etc.: 
 as, he was accused of c. in the crime, 
 •accusatus est quod facinoris particeps 
 fuisset: v. accomplice. 
 
 compliment (subs.) : l. ofRcium : 
 the c. of listening (to an author reading 
 his own works), off. audiendi, Plin. Ep. : 
 to do a person the c. of being pivsent at 
 his assumption of the'toga virilis, officio 
 togae virilis adesse, Plin.. Juv. 2. 
 verba honorifica (of course only of a 
 verbal c, whereas officiutn refers to 
 acts): Cic! also, verba ampla, amplis- 
 Blma ■ V. coMPLisiF.NTARv. Sometimes 
 — PRAISE: q. V. I' h r. : mere c.s, *in- 
 anes verborum honores ; laudes fictae, 
 fucatae to pai/ one's c.s to any one, 
 ealiitare : v. to greet. 
 
 compliment ("•) ■• 1. laudo, i : 
 
 the jurors are c.'d (rm their conduct), 
 Jndlces laudaiitur, Cic. : v. to praise. 
 2. ornate lOquor (foil, by aM. with 
 de): he c.'d me very highly on my ani- 
 gulate, oniatissime de meo consulatu 
 locutiis est, Cic. Att. i, 14, 4 . simly, 
 hSiiorifice de aliquo praedicare, Cic. ; 
 honorificentissirae aliquem appellare (of 
 0. address to a person), Cic. . v compli- 
 mentart, 
 complimentary: 1. hSnorjficus. 
 
 comp -centior; sup. -centissinius: c. 
 mention, h. mentio, Cic. 2. amplus: 
 to render thanks xn most c. language, 
 amplissimis verbis gratias agere, Liv. : 
 V. to compliment. 
 
 comply (with) • 1. concede, cessi, 
 cessum, j (with dat): the senate c.'d 
 with your demand, concessit senatus 
 postulationi tuae, Cic. 2. cedo, cessi, 
 cessum, j ■ v. to yield. 3. pareo, 
 parui, 2 (with dat.) : v. to obev, submit 
 to. 4. obsgquor, sgcutus, } (with 
 tUit.) : to c. with any one's nishes, 
 voluntatt obs, Cic. 5, obsecundo, i 
 (with dat.) : Ter. : Cic. -. v. to humouk. 
 6, nioriggror, i (with dat.) : =: 
 morem alicui gero ■ v. to HUMOtm. 
 
 7, accommodo, i (with ad and 
 ace., or dat. , and usually cu:c. of 
 pron. reflect.) : v. to AcroJisioDATE. 
 
 8. obtenipero, i (« ith dat.) : to 
 c. with the authority of the senate, 
 auctoritati senatus ob , Caes. . to c. with 
 any one's (evil) desire, aliciijus cupi- 
 ditati ob., Cic. Quint. 2, 7. (See also 
 TO OBEY, 3.) 
 
 complying (adj.) : v compliant. 
 
 component ("(<;•)■• cniefly in phr,, 
 8. parts, elfimenta v. elkments. Or 
 expr. by verb the c. paris of this sub- 
 stance are, etc., constat haec res ex, 
 etc. : cf. Hor. S. 2, 4, 64 or with partes 
 alone it is not suficient for the iihole 
 poem to be beautiful, the c. parts must 
 be so too, *noa satis est pulchrum esse 
 poeraa totum; partes e tiara pulchrae 
 sunto. 
 
 component (subst.): pars, elementa: 
 v. part, element. 
 
 comport; !. 7V> agree (q. v.): 
 congriio, convgnio, etc. H. Jb beiiave 
 (q. V.) me, te, se g6ro, etc. 
 
 compose : I. To put togetha; 
 
 combine: chiefly if not solely in pass., 
 to be. crimposed (i. e. formed) of: J, 
 compono, pOsili, pOsitum. j . mankind 
 c.d of soul and liody, genus honiinum 
 compositum ex anima et corpore, Sail.- 
 CoL V. to compolni). 2. contineo, 
 nl, tentum, 2 (only in pass.) : the verse 
 is c.d of a feiv feet, versus paucis pedi- 
 bus eontinetur, Quint. 3. conflo, i 
 (in pass.) r the elements of vhich the 
 virtue ue are in quest of is c.d and 
 made up, quibus ex rebus conflatur et 
 pfHcitur Id quod quaerimus honestuiu, 
 Cic 4 efficio, i v supr. (j); anil 
 to make 0p. 5. consisto, cousto 
 I e to consist : q. v. ||, Of literary 
 composition 1, compono, j . to c. a 
 
 Ijook, lit rum c, Cic. . to c. verses, versus 
 c, Hor Plin. Ep. 2. condo, didi, 
 dltum, J (less frequent) to c. a poem, 
 poema c, CSc . Vlrg . Ov. 3. con- 
 140 
 
 texo, ui, textum, j (prop, to weave to- 
 gether): to c. a speech, orationem c, 
 Quint. : to c. a booh, librum c. Sen. 
 (simly, Nep. has subtexere carmina). 
 4o deduco. xi, ductum, j (i. e. to 
 spin : hence only of verse) ; toe. a thou- 
 sand verses ni a day, miUe die versus 
 d., Hor. : Quint. 5. pango, pepiri, 
 pactum, J (prop, to fasten, frame: rare 
 in this sense except in imperf. tenses • 
 but Enn. ap. Cic. has panxit) : to c any- 
 thing Sophoclean, aliquid Sophocleum 
 p., Cic. : to c. poems, poemata p., Hor. : 
 Lucr. 6. sero, ui, sertum, j (rare) : 
 to c. speeches, orationes s., Liv, lo c. a 
 play, fabulam s., Liv. 7, facio, j (of 
 poems : cf. Old-Eng. " to make ") : tn c. 
 a poem, poema f., C!ic. to c. verselels. 
 vcrsiculos f., Virg. ||| To adjuft, 
 calm, apjpease : 1, compiino, i : to c. 
 affairs disturbed by mutiny, turbatas 
 seditione res c, Liv. : v. to arrange, 
 
 SETTLE. 2. sedO, I : V. TO ASSDAGE, 
 
 APPEASE. 
 
 composed (part, and adj.) : j. 
 
 Node up of : 1. compbsitus, con- 
 flatus : V. TO COMPOSE (1.). 2. con- 
 crfitus-: a nature c. of seveml natures, 
 natura c. ex pluribus naturis, (Sc. 3. 
 compactus, cOagmentatus . v, to com- 
 pact. II, Calm : 1. sedatus : to 
 •uyrite with more c. mind, sedatiore 
 animo scribere, Cic. : v. calm 2. 
 quietus : the c, easy talk of an old man, 
 senis sermo q. et remissus, Cic. : v. 
 QUIET. 3. compfisi tus : gentle and c. af- 
 fections, mit«s affectus atque c, Quint. : 
 c. delivery, actio c, Quint. : Tac. 
 
 composedly: sedate, quiete, etc. : v. 
 CALMLY. N.B. Not composite: which, 
 at least in the best authors, signifies, in 
 set, well-arranged language. 
 
 composedness ; v. composure. 
 
 composer: I. OfproseierUingsor 
 poetry: scriptor. v. AUTHOR. || Of 
 
 music: *musicorum modorum scriptor. 
 
 composition: |. The act of com- 
 pjunding : compCsitio : the c. of oint- 
 ments, unguentorum a, Cic. (also used 
 of Me thing compounded ■ Cels.) or 
 expr. by verb . v. to compound. ||. 
 \^ In liteiature : L scriptio this style 
 of c. has not been, as yet, sxiffciently 
 illustrated in Latin literature, genus 
 hoc scriptionis nonduni est satis Latinis 
 I literis illustratum, Cic. 2. scriptiira 
 ! (also used of that vhich is vi-itten) : 
 ' assiduous and careful c , assidua ac 
 diligens s., Cic. : this style of c. should 
 be not only free, but spiiited and high- 
 toned, genus hoc scripturae non mudo 
 liberum sed inciu\tum atque elatum 
 esse debet, Cic. 3. conlectio • the 
 c. of a book, libri c, Cic. : the c. of an- 
 nals, annalium c, Cic. 4. Expr. by 
 ger. : facility of c, pangendi facilitas, 
 Tac. (but a Ciceronian writer would add 
 the ace. of that co:::.posed). |||, Tlie 
 book, poem, etc., Ci/m}'iiscd : liber, script- 
 urn (esp. in pi.), etc. v. work, wRrriXG. 
 IV. -^ suyii paid in discliarge of a 
 larger debt : Phr.- he paid a c. of 50 
 per cent., *aes alienum ejus ex semisse 
 solutum est; convenit inter eos (sc. de- 
 biiorem et creditorem) ut debita ex 
 semisse solverentur : simly, with ex 
 triente (one-third)^ ex centesima parte 
 (one per cent^, etc. 
 
 compost : v. makure. 
 
 composure: 1. tranquillitas (an- 
 imi): that there may be c. of mind to 
 give dignity, ut tr. auimi "adsit quae 
 afferat dignitatem, Cic 2. animus 
 
 aequus : esp. in abl. : lo do or bear any- 
 thing with c, aequo, aequissimo a. ali- 
 quid facere, Cic. Hor. : Suet. : in same 
 sense Hor. ha-s aequa mens • Od. 2, j, i. 
 Phr.: to write vith c, sedato animo 
 scribere, Cic. : c. of delivery, actio sedata 
 ac composita: see composed (II.): to 
 lose one's c, perturbari (in rebus asperis), 
 de gradu d^ici, ut dicitur, Cic. Off. i, 
 2}, 80 to maintain one's c, praesenti 
 Ksimo uti, Cic. : v. presence (of mind). 
 
 compotation : compotatio . cic 
 
 compound C''-)-;^ j. Trans, to 
 mix : 1. compono, pSsui, pOsitum, 
 !• to c. a medicine, medicamentum c. 
 
 Col. 2. misceo, ui, mixtum and 
 
 mistum, 2 to c. a drink, mulsum m, 
 Cic. : to c. glMstly aconite, lurida m. 
 aconita, Ov. 3. Jungo, nxi, nctum, 
 J ■ to c. words, verba J., Quint. 4. 
 cSagmeiito, i : to c. garlic rvith nut- 
 kernels, allium nucleis c, Plin.: Cic. 
 5. confundo, fiidi, fusum, j (rare) 
 V. TO BLEND. ||, Intl.: to come to 
 an agreement udth : paciscor, convgnio 
 V. coMPOsmoN (IV.) ; and to agree. 
 
 compound (adj.) : l. composttus ■ 
 
 c. vjords, c. verba, Quint, (in this sense 
 
 Cic. has verba juncta. Part. 15, 55). 
 
 2. concretus : v. composed (L). 
 
 Phr.: c. t«<cres(, iinMcismus : Cic 
 
 compound (subs.) : compSsitio : v. 
 coMPOsmoN. Usu. best expr. by adj,: 
 as, man is a e. of flesh and spirit, 
 •ex corpore et animo homo compositus, 
 conflatus est, etc. : v. to compose (I.). 
 
 comprehend : j. To contain, 
 include (q. v.) : 1. contineo - v. to 
 comprise. 2. amplector, plexus, 3 : 
 whicfi ue sometimes c. under the name 
 of virtue, quod inteidum virtutis nomine 
 amplectimur, Cic. : / do not tvish to 
 c. all subjects in my verses, non ego 
 cuncta meis a. versibus opto, Virg. 3. 
 complector, plexus, j : Cic. Quint. .- v, 
 to EMBRACE. 4. pono, pQsui, pSsItutn, 
 } (esp. of arranging or cla.'isifi/ing) : to 
 c. riches among good things, divitias in 
 bonis p., Cic. ||. To understand, grasp 
 mentally: 1, tgneo, ui, ntum, 2 (to 
 have hold of): now I c. now I knovj 
 uhal this business is, nunc ego t., nunc 
 scio quid sit hoc negotii, PI.- to c. ab- 
 struse meanings, reconditos sensus t, 
 Cic. : by uhat means I might c. every- 
 thing, quo pacto cuncta tenerem, Hor. 
 2, complector, plexus, ? (with some 
 defining word such as mente, cogitatione, 
 etc.) : to c. in thought the dimn.e mind, 
 animum divinum cogitatione c, Cic. ; 
 simly, ciigitaiione et mente c, Cic. 3, 
 cSpio, cepi, captum, j (to take in, re- 
 ceive): he all me c.d the true idea of the 
 Roman senate, utius veram speciem Ro- 
 mani senatus cepit, Liv.; more usu. in 
 connection with some such word as 
 mens, cogitatio, etc. : uhat they -their 
 minds'j could c, quod mentes eoruni c. 
 possent, Liv. Cic. to understand or 
 c. (a speech), intelligere vel c. Quint. 
 4. percipio, j (often with animo, 
 etc.) : to c. and know a thing, rem p. et 
 cognoscere, Cic. also, p. et compre- 
 bendere, Cic 5. cerno, cievi, cretura, 
 ? (to see clearly, discern) : a man of 
 acute intellect c.s these things, eas res 
 acri vir Ingenio c, Cic. 6. comprg- 
 hendo or comprendo, di, sum, } (lit. to 
 grasp : hence usu. with some such word 
 as mente, animo, etc.) tn zmderstand 
 and in thought o. vhat the mind free 
 from the body is, qualis animus sit vacuus 
 corpore animo intelligere et cogitatione 
 c, Cic. - / cannot c. what you mean, id 
 quod lu vis non possum mente c, Cic. 
 7. Intel ligo, J ■ V. to understand. 
 
 comprehensible ; quod mente com- 
 
 prebendi, tgiieri, capi potest - v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 comprehension: I. The faculty 
 
 or po" er of understanding : 1. in- 
 tellectus, lis : to gain c. of different 
 branches of learning. Int. disciplinarum 
 capere. Quint. : uithout c. of good, or 
 concern nb'iiit ill. quels neque boni int., 
 nee mail cura, Tac. 2. intellTgentia 
 ^ iutellectus: Cic. 3. coniprehensio 
 (the act of grasping anything mentally : 
 rare) Cic. 4. captus, iis (the capa- 
 city : q. v.) : esp. in phr. ut captus fali- 
 cujus) est, according to any one's med- 
 sureofc: Cic: Ter. Phr.: things too 
 complicated for the c. of a child, •diffl- 
 ciliora quam quae puer mente capere 
 possit . V. TO comprehend. II. Pas- 
 sively : in such phr. as, difficult of c. ■ 
 expr. by verb: ad percipiendum diffi- 
 cilia. Quint. 
 
 comprehensive : may usu. be expr. 
 by p&teo, 2 : your art is indeed great 
 and c, etenim ista ars et magna est, et 
 late patet. Cic. de Or. i, ;;. 2?,. Or by 
 mano, i ; the term good faith is exceed- 
 
 I
 
 COMPREHENSIVE LV 
 
 C O N C E A L 
 
 CONCEIT 
 
 inyly c, latissime inaimt bonae tidel uo- 
 men, Cic. Oflf. j, 17, 70. It may often 
 be expr. by niagnus : the fact is, it (elo- 
 quence) is a more c. thing than people 
 think, nimirutu aiajiis est hoc quidilam 
 quam homines opiiiaiitur, Cic. de Or. i, 
 4, i;. PUr. : a c. mind, *men8 alta ac 
 multarum rerum cupax : (not capax 
 alone: v. caiaciods). 
 
 comprehensively : 'aie (only in 
 certain cunm-xions) : as, " to interpret 
 words c. ' Ci'illotson), i. e. in a vidf. 
 sense, •verlja 1. (or ul I. patcntia) inter- 
 pretari: cf. preced. art. Or expr. by 
 pbr. : as. tu Uejine an orator c. (i. e. so 
 as to include everything essential to the 
 definition), universani et propriam ora- 
 toris vim detinire complectlque, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 15. 
 
 comprehensiveness : I. ^"^ 
 
 exltut (tii^.): f.Kpr. liy verb: to under- 
 stand the c. (if a law .- intelliKere quam 
 magna sit lex, quam late pateat, manet 
 (v. preced. art.). ||. lli(^ grasp «/ 
 mind : I' b r. : a man of great c. of in- 
 t<;itec<.*viraltaquad,ini indole praeditus, 
 qui plurinias res simul animo percipere 
 complectlque possit. 
 
 compress : |. L i t. : to force to- 
 gethe,- by pressure : 1. arto or arc to, 
 I : all things are capable of being c. 'd, 
 omnia artari possunt, Uucr.: Mart. (So 
 also tlie conip. coarto or coarcto, which 
 is stronger ; v. to contbact and inf. 
 II.). 2. densu, condense, i : v. to 
 
 CONDRNSE. 3. comprimo, j : v. to 
 PRESS TOGETHER. ||. Fig.: to bring 
 v)ithin a small compass; esp. in ivords ; 
 
 1. c6arto or coarcto, I : to c. matteis 
 and croud tliem together in speech with- 
 in a very close compass, c. et peran- 
 guste refercire in oratione, Cic: to c. 
 into a single volume, in unum librum 
 c, Plin. Ep. 2. concludo, si, sum, 
 J : fortune has c.'d so many things into 
 one day, fortnna tot res in uinnn con- 
 clusit diem, Ter. : to c- the civil law into 
 one snuill and narrow point. Jus civile 
 in parvum et angustum locum c, Cic. 
 
 3. astringo (ads.), nxi, ctum, j (esp. 
 of reducing an argument to its closest 
 form) : to c. an argument or chain of 
 reasoning, argumentum.ratioiiem (arte) 
 a., Cic. 4. coiistringo, j (similar to 
 astringo : cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 188) : 
 Quint. 5. prSmo, pressi, pressure, } 
 (rare) • these arguments H'hich are ex- 
 panded by us, Zeiw used to c. in this 
 way, haec quae dllatantur a nobis, Zeno 
 6ic premebat, Cic. 
 compressibility: expr. by verb: to 
 
 have c, arctari, cuarctari, anius com- 
 primi, etc., pos.se . v. to co5irRK.s.s. 
 
 compressible : quod coartari s. ar- 
 tius comprinii, etc., potest; v. TO com- 
 press. 
 
 compression : expr. by verb ; •' to 
 he pleased with iti volution of argument 
 and c. of thought" (Idler), *argumentis 
 impllcatis atque artissime astrictls de- 
 lectari : v. to compress. 
 
 comprise: 1. comprghetido or 
 comprendo, di, sum, j (esp. of gathering 
 wp a subject) : to c. many things briefly 
 in a few words, breviter paucis c. multa, 
 Lucr. . Cic. 2. contlneo, ui, tentum, 
 2 (<o involve, contain in itself: q. v.). 
 one fact seems to e. tlie case, una res 
 videtur causam c, Cic: Hor. 3. 
 amplector, complector, j : v. to com- 
 prehend. 4. subjTcio, Jecl, Jectum, 
 J (in pass, in sense of to be inchuied 
 under) : under fear are c.d inaction, 
 shame, alarm, sub metum subjecui sunt 
 pigrltla, piidiir, terror, Cic. 5. i"- 
 cliido, clusi, diisum, i (implying restric- 
 tion within limits): I have almost c.d 
 a speech in a letter, paene orationem 
 in epistolara Inclusi, Cic: v. to ccfM- 
 PRESS (II.). 
 
 compromise (''•)•• I, To adjust 
 a difference by mutual agreement: v. 
 foil. art. II, 7'o involve: implico, 1 : 
 you will be c.d by your oiim defence, ipse 
 tu tua defensione implicabere.Clc. Verr. 
 2, 18, 44: V. TO implicate. Ill, 7b 
 imperil : in periculum ac discrimen vo- 
 eare, Cic: v. to enuasgf.r. Phr. ; 
 
 vithnut c.ing (I. e. sacrificing) lavful 
 claim, honour, etc., salvo jure, salva fide, 
 etc.: Cic 
 
 compromise (subs.) .- comprOmls- 
 sum {nn t-nijui/ement by which parties 
 Ijound Ihtinselves to submit to arbitra- 
 tion : V. |)ict. Ant. p. 648, a): to enter 
 or oJTi'r to enter into a c, c. facere, Cic. 
 Hose. Com. 4 (from which place it ap- 
 pears that the phr. as used with ref. 10 
 a claimant was nearly equiv. to the 
 Kng. "to offer to accept a c") ; the same 
 act is expr. also by the verb compro- 
 mitto, }: V. TO engage. Phr.: to come 
 to a c. or understanding on any matter, 
 rem cum aliquo translgere, Cic. : v. to 
 bKTTLK: when a law ease was settled or 
 compromised an the nay to the praetor's 
 court. It is said to have been called 
 transact in In via: v. Diet. Ant p. 11 (a). 
 
 compulsion: 1. via: v. fokce, 
 violi;nci;. 2. cOactu (only In all.): 
 by the c. and importunity employed by 
 myself, c. atque etBagitatu mco, Cic. : 
 Caes. 3. nCc^'.ssitas : / acted under 
 force anil c, vi et n. coactus feci, Cic: 
 also less freq. nfccssttiido : that is c. 
 which cannot, by any force, be resisted, 
 necessitudo est cui nulla vi obslsti pot- 
 est, Cic. I'hr. : to use c. to a man, 
 cogere : v. to compel: as opp. to nill- 
 i'lgly, spontaneonsli/, "by compulsion" 
 may be expr. by invltus: v. cnwiu,- 
 
 INGLV. 
 
 compulsory : P 1> r. : to use c. mea- 
 sures, vi et coactu agere; vim adliibere; 
 vi coercere aliquem, or simply cogi're . 
 V. force, compulsion : c. contributions, 
 *tributa per leges Irrogata; tributa ex 
 legibus coiiferonda: v. legal. 
 
 compunction: poenitentia: v. re- 
 pentance, regret. More precisely, 
 *acerbus animi dolor propter peccatum 
 in se admissum ; acerbissimus animi 
 sensus qui ex delicti conscientia oritur. 
 7*0 feel c, *poenitet, 2 (inipers.) : v. to 
 repent, be sorrv ; aerllnis, acerbis, 
 conscientiae stlmulis vexari : cf. Lucr. 
 J, 10 !2: v. conscience. 
 
 computable : cujus ratio subduci 
 
 potest: V. to CALCULATE. 
 
 computation: subductio, r&tio: v. 
 
 CALCULATION. 
 
 compute : compiito, t : toe. a reck- 
 yning on the fingers, c. rationem di^ltis. 
 Pi.: to c. the breadth of Asia, latitudi 
 nem Asiae c, Plin.: v. to calculate. 
 
 comrade: s6dalis, sOcius, contQber- 
 nalis, etc. : v. cxjmpanion. 
 
 concatenate : *in catenae modum 
 or inter se connectere : v. to connect. 
 (The verb conciiteno, to link together, 
 is found in Lact. in lit. sense : v. foil, 
 art.) 
 
 concatenation : 1. series, ei : a 
 
 tuccessimi and c. of causes, continuatio 
 s.que causarum, Cic. 2. catena ■ 
 fate is a sort of everlasting succession 
 and c. of events, fatum est sempiterna 
 quaedani series rerum et c, Gell. after 
 Cic. (Concateniitio is found in Tert. 
 iii.d Aug.) V. chain. 
 concave: 1. cavus (usu. in less 
 
 precise sense: v. hollow) • Lucr. 6, 1084. 
 2. concavus : a c. neck, c. jugula, 
 Cic: c. c^rtibuJs, c cjonbala, Lucr. : Ov.: 
 c. leaves, c. folia, Plin. 
 
 concavity : convexum, more usu. 
 pi. . chiefly poet., and concrete : to gaze 
 at the c. of heaven, coeli convexa tuerl, 
 Virg. Aen. 4, 451 : simly, Cic. has con- 
 vexus coeli orbis : v. I'orb. a. 1. In ab- 
 stract sense ^ concare shape, *forma s. 
 species concava : v. concave. 
 
 conceal: 1. celo, i (in most 
 senses of the Eng.) : to c. its source (of 
 a river), foiitium c. origines, Hor. : to c. 
 one's opinion, sententiam c, Cic: c.'d 
 love, amor celatus, Ter. : the person 
 from whom a thing Is concealed in ace. : 
 / have not c.'d Jrom you t?ie discourse. 
 nou te celavi scrmonem, Cic: the thing 
 c.'d Is sometimes expr. by abl. with de, 
 instead of ace. ; and the passive Is often 
 used: that poisiming business was not 
 c.'d from the mother, non est de illo ve- 
 neno celata mater, Cic. (N.B. The dat. 
 of the person /roi« ichor», is of very 
 
 doubtful authority; at least after the 
 act. voice.) 2. abdo, condo, rSoondo, 
 J : V. to hide, secrete. 3. i^go, xl, 
 ctum, } (to cover: q. v.): to c. anything 
 by a lie, aliquid mendaciu t., Cic. : toe. 
 any one's offences, commissa t., Hor. to 
 c. the greatest prudence under Uie pre- 
 tence of folly, summani prudentlani 
 simulatlone stultitlae t., Cic. (Simly 
 are used the coinp. verbs obtfgo, con- 
 tiSgo, with .somewhat intens. force : Cic.) 
 
 4. occiilo, cfiliil, cultum, } (:=tegO, 
 (ibtigo) : to c. vonnds, vulnera oc, Cic : 
 to c. the points of arguments, puncia 
 argumentorura oc, Cic. : Qninu 5. 
 occnito. I (prop, a frequent of occulo. to 
 which it is nearly equlv.): Caes.: Cic 
 
 9. obscuro, I (to throw a :loud or 
 veil over): nor can night by its dark- 
 ness c. the nefarious meetings, ui-que 
 no.\ tenebris obs. coetus nefarios p<jte.-t 
 Cic. 7. In I'ass.: to be c.'d: liteo.ui, 
 2 : more fully, 1. in occulto, PI. ; aUlite 
 1., Cic. : (both lit and fig.). 8. JfHt- 
 esco, lltul, J (incept, of preceding) : the 
 enemy c. themselv-^s in tlie woods, hosies 
 in silvis d., Caes. : Cic. 
 
 concealed : 1. csiatus, tectu.s 
 
 etc.: v. TO conceal. 2. occnltus: 
 v. SECRET. 3. furtivns: v. furtive, 
 
 SECRET. 
 
 concealer: occuitator. Cic: or, qui 
 occuliat, etc.; v. to conceal. 
 
 concealment: I. The act of con- 
 cealing : 1. iccultatio: some protect 
 Vietnselves by Jlight, others 6^ c, allae 
 fuga se, aliae oc. tutintiir, Cic : of 
 which thing there is no c, cujus rei nulla 
 est oc, Caes. 2. dissImiilatio(l. e.Areep- 
 ing back the truth): v. dissimi-lation: 
 to practise c, d. uti = dissiinulare, Cic. 
 Or expr. by verb : as, there was no pos- 
 sibility of c, *nulla erat copla latitandi, 
 I etc.: v. TO conceal. ||. I'laceofc: 
 latebra, often in pi. : to go into a place 
 of c, latebram petere, Ov. : to remain 
 \ in c , latebras agere. Just. : dork places 
 ofc, caecae 1., Virg.: Lucr. Hence adj. 
 latebrosus, full of such / laces : a-s. I. 
 via, Cic. ; 1. locus, Liv. To be in a place 
 of c, latere, delitescgie: v. to con- 
 ceal (./iJi.) 
 
 concede: I. To yield up: L 
 cedo, cessi, cessum, } : / c. something to 
 fnenUship, ahquid cedo amlcitiae, Cic: 
 if he c.s that they say most things in a 
 rvde nay, si pleraque dure dieere cedit 
 eos, Hor. 2. conc5do, j (like the 
 former, to depart from the ground of 
 strict right) : give this and c. it to my 
 modesty, date hoc et c. puduri meo, Cic. 
 
 3. permitto, misi, missum. j {to 
 aVou; suffer : to concede to a person the 
 /ite)7y ot acting In a certain way): I c. 
 somethi7ig to your passionate anger, 
 pemiitto aliquid iracundiae tuae, Cic. 
 
 4. tribuo, ui, utum, } (only when 
 foil, by a dat. commodi: it implies a 
 just claim on the part of that to which 
 concession Is made) toe. anything oni 
 of consideration for the common wealth 
 and for friendship, aliquid reip. et aml- 
 citiae tribuere, Caes.; J c.as much to 
 you as I claim for myself, prrhaps, ego 
 lantum libi t. quantum nilhl fortasse 
 arrogo, Cic. : nowhere is so much c.d to 
 age, nusquam tantum tribuitur aelati. 
 Cic II. To admit an argument: 
 concSdo, do: v. to grant til.). 
 
 conceit : I, -•< curious notion or 
 fancy: perh. *putidius aliquid excogl- 
 tatuni ; dictum putidiim ac longius rc- 
 petitum: V. affected, far-fetched. 
 II. ■'^1 If -conceit : arrilguntla, iusd!- 
 entla, Inams superbia (Phaedr. I, }): 
 V. VANITY. P h r. : to le puffed up with 
 C; tumescere inanl persuasit'ne. Quint. 
 1,2, 18; *m.ijorem (luam oporlet de se 
 persuasionem habere : sibi [plus aequo] 
 placere : v. complacency : meOores 
 qwam decet spiritus sumere: cf Hor. S. 
 2, ;. }ii; Cic. |||, Liking: only la 
 certain phr. ; to be very sooji out of c. 
 iritti anything, ab allqua re cclerntn* 
 (t'iistidlo quodam et satletate) alialie:i;iri, 
 Cic. : to put any one out of c. utiA a 
 thing, fastlditim (alicujus rei) movers. 
 Hor. : Ov. 
 
 '4'
 
 CONCEITED 
 
 CONCERNED, TO BE 
 
 CONCISE 
 
 conceited ! inani superbia, persuas- 
 ione tumens: v. conceit (II.). Phr. : 
 to be dngustingly c, 'putlda arrogantia 
 intumescere; inflatum esse (sui) opi- 
 nionibus. cf. CicOflf. 1,26,91 : v. vain, 
 
 PEOUD. 
 
 conceivable °. comprghenslbilis, e : 
 coined by Cic. as = Gr. Ka.ra\TjTTT'o<;, 
 Acad. I, II, 41. In more popular sense 
 expr. by verb: quod cugitari, tingi, 
 potest; quod sub intelligentiam cadit; 
 quod mens, ratio, capit : v. to conceive. 
 
 conceive («.).■ I. Of offspring: 
 concipio, cepi, ceptuni, } : i'erseus, 
 wham Danae had c.d in a shower of 
 gold, Perseus quem Danae pluvio con- 
 ceperat auro, Ov. : also without object 
 expr. : v hen a mule has c.d, quum con- 
 cepit mula, Cic. : Varr. : tu c. by any 
 one, c. ex aliquo, Cic; de aliquo, Ov. : v. 
 PREGNANT (to beciinie). Fig.: they not 
 only c. vices thentteh-es, but diffuse them 
 over the C(y»iiHunity, nun solum vitia c. 
 ipsi, sed ea infundunt in civitatem, Cic. 
 II, To form or harbour in the mind ; 
 as, a design ; a passion, hope, fear, etc. : 
 1, conclpio, } : to c. a hope or fear, 
 spem, metum c.,Ov. (also, spe aliquid 
 c, Liv.) : toe. a crime, scelus, flagitium 
 c, Cic. : to c. the passion of love, amor- 
 em c, Ov. 2. capio, }: to c. a de- 
 iign, consilium c, Caes. ; Cic. (foil, by 
 gen. ot gerund or gerundive ; by inf. ; or 
 by ut and subj.) : to c. animosity, ini- 
 micitias c, Ter. : Cic. : but tlie converse 
 constr. is very common : as, odium me 
 capit alicujus, Cic. 3. fingo, tinxi, 
 fictum, J [to frame or design in the 
 mind): c to yourselves the picture of 
 my condition, tingite cogitiUioue ima- 
 ginem hujus conditiunis meae, Cic. : also 
 f. animo, Cic. : ivhat crime can t>e c.d or 
 thought of, ivhich he, etc., quid mali 
 fingi aut excogitari potest, quod ille.etc, 
 Cic. r to c. an evil deed, maleficium c, 
 Cic. : V. TO DEVISE Phr.. toe. a hope 
 that something will happen, in spem 
 venire, fore ut, etc., Caes. ■ to c.a guil'y 
 design upon a person's life, consilium 
 facinoris contra vitam alicujus inire, 
 Cic. ; Caes. : v. design : there is no plea- 
 ture of ivhich rre do not c. a dl^yusl 
 from constant repetition, nulla voluptas 
 est quae nun assiduilute la^tidium par- 
 iat, Plin. |||, To understand, com- 
 prehend • 1. coniprehcndo, j : v, to 
 COMPBEHEND. 2. excogito, I (fo find 
 out by thinking ; to devise) : life, than 
 whicli nothing more blessed can be c.d, 
 vita, qua nihil beatius excogitari potest, 
 Cic. 3. iutcUigo, lexi, ctum, j : often 
 joined with a similar verb: as to c. 
 what soul is, apart from body, qualis 
 animus sit vacans corpore int. et cogita- 
 tione comprehendere, Cic. v. to under- 
 stand, IMAGINE, Sm-POSE. 
 
 concentrate : of troops : copias (in 
 ununi locum) cogere, contrahere: v. to 
 BRING together of the mind: aninium 
 defigere et inteiidere in aliquid, Cic. 
 Acad. 4, 15,46; [tcjta mente]in aliquara 
 curam et cogitationem incumbeie, Cic ; 
 •cogitationes ita intendereac dirigere ut 
 quasi in una re detixae nianeant. 
 
 concentration: |. Lit.: as of 
 
 troops : expr. I)y verb or part. : as, be- 
 cause of the greater c. if his forces, *ex 
 eo quod copias .suas minoribus inter- 
 vallis inter se disUinies habebat : v. 
 preced. art. ||. H' i g. : o/' the mind : 
 intentio animi, cogitationum (strictly, 
 intense application), Cic. Or expr, by 
 verb: c. of mind is absolutely necessary, 
 omnino animus in rem est defigendus et 
 intendiiulus: cf. preced. art. 
 
 conception : I- 'I'he act of con- 
 ceiving (offspring) : conceptio : Cic. ; 
 conr«ptus, lis, Cic. : Plin. ||. The act 
 of devising or forming in the mind: 
 expr. by verb: o miiul equal to the c. of 
 great desigi>s, *animus ad alta consilia 
 animo coneipienda idoneus : the c. of this 
 icheme originated uyith him, 'hoc con- 
 Bilium ab illo excogitatum est, ortum 
 «st. Ill, A mental conception, as 
 something existing in the mind : 1, 
 Imago, Inis,,/'. ; to form ac.of anything, 
 oUcojas rei bu. cogitatione fingere, 
 141 
 
 Cic. : Quint. 2. informatio {the id,:a 
 of a thing as formed in the mind) : a c. 
 of Jove as bearded, and of JUimi-va as 
 helmed, inf. barbati Jovis et galeatae 
 Minervae, Cic. N. ]). i, ;6, 100. 3 
 confomiatio (= informatio) : Cic. 4' 
 anticipatio (a c. formed beforeliand) • 
 ant. quaedain deorum, quam appellat 
 n-poAr)i/(ii' Epicurus, id est, antecepta 
 animo rei quaedam informatio: Cic. 
 N. D. I, 16, 4J. 5. species (= 'i&ia.), 
 notio; V. IDEA, notion. Phr.: there 
 can be no c. of body without space, 
 corpus sine loco intelligi nun potest, 
 Cic. : to have a c. present to the mind, 
 aliquid in animo conceptum tenere: v. 
 to conceive (III.). 
 
 concern (subs.) : \, Affair, business, 
 (q. v.): nCgotium, res. ||. Interest, 
 care : 1. cura : those things are an 
 object of c. to me, ea mihi curae sun^, 
 Cic. : object of no small c, cura non 
 levis, Hor. : he causes me great c, mag- 
 nam mihi Injicit c, Ter. : v. care. 2. 
 molestia: v. trodble. 3. soUici- 
 
 tudo : v. ANXiETV. Phr.: it is no c. 
 of thine, nil te attinet, Hor. : Cic. |||, 
 (mercantile) : peisons connected in busi- 
 ne.ss : sOcigtas ■ v. company. 
 
 concern ("•) •• |. To relate or be- 
 long to: 1. attinet, attinult, 2 (never 
 with personal subject): foil, by ace. with 
 or without ad : what thing shall I say 
 this dream csf quam ad rem dicam 
 hoc at, soninium ? Pi. : as far as c.s me, 
 quod ad me at., Cic : nor did it c. any 
 body to object to this, neque quenquam 
 attinebal id recusare, Cic. 2. con- 
 lingo, tigi, tactum, } (with ace): this 
 deliberation does not c. the Romans at 
 all, haec consultatio Romanes nihil c, 
 Liv. 3. pertineo, ui, 2 (with ad and 
 ace); the dieam c.s something, sum- 
 iiium ad aliquain rem p., PI. : that affair 
 C.S my duty, ilia res ad meum officium 
 p., Cic. 4. refert (impers. : usu. with 
 pron. forms, mea, tua, sua, etc.: v. 
 Gr, } 28 j) : that cs me not, id mea mi- 
 nime r., PI. : vhnm it cs not, quorum 
 nil r. (foil, by subj. clause), yiiint. : but 
 the gen. is rare, and chiefly found in 
 pronouns : v. difference (to make), 
 INTEREST. 5. interest (impers. with 
 gen. of person ; also with the pron. 
 toiTDS as under refert) : nhat does it c. 
 him where you are, quid illius int. ubi 
 sis? Cic- he explains how greatly it cs 
 the general safety that the forces of the 
 enemy be pie rented from uniting, docet 
 quantopere communis salutis int. maiius 
 hostium distineri, Caes. ; which my in- 
 timate friend thought c.'d him so much, 
 quod mens familiaris lanti sua int. arbi- 
 trabatur, Cic. Ph r. : as far as cs me 
 you may snore, per me vel stertas licet, 
 Cic, Acad. 2, 29, 9} (the phr. implying 
 indifference: whereas quod ad me at- 
 tinet [N.B. not perlinet], simply 
 means, as far as relates to me : v. Cic. 
 Q. Fr. 2, l) : it cs you when your neigh- 
 bour's house IS on fire, tua res agitur 
 paries cum proximils ardet, Hor. ; it is 
 not his life that is c.'d, but his fortune, 
 non capitis ejus res agitur sed fortunae, 
 Ter. II. To take an interest in ; con- 
 cern oneself ai>OM(; 1. euro, I (foil, 
 by ace, or subj. with ut, ne): others, as 
 if man had no boiiy at all, c themselves 
 about nothing but the mind, alii quasi 
 corpus nullum sit homini, ita praeler 
 animum nihil curant, Cic. . v. care, to 
 TAKE. 2. sollicitus sum (with de and 
 abl.) : tluit you should c yourself about 
 your fortunes, s. te esse de tuis Ibrtunis, 
 Cic, : v. ANXIOUS. Ill, In pass, form : 
 to be c.'d in, i. e. to liave something to 
 do with (e.sp. a crime), affinem, parti- 
 cipem esse , v. accessory. |V, Also 
 in pass, form : to be c.'d with ; i. e. have 
 dealings witli : v. fo)L art. 
 
 concerned, to be : versor, i : the 
 
 whole theory of oratory is c nith the 
 customs and language of men. dicendi 
 omnis ratio in homiiium more et ser- 
 nione v., Cic : all which pursuits are 
 c m the investigation of truth, quae 
 omnes artes in veri investigatione y., 
 Cic Phi.: farmeri are cvnthtKeioU, 
 
 agricolae babent rationem cum term, 
 Cic. : simly, rationis aliquid cum aliquo 
 habere, Cic. 
 
 concerning (prep.) .- i. de (with 
 
 abl.) . c. old age, de seiiectute, Cic. (and 
 
 so esp. in the titles of books) ■ v. about. 
 
 2. super (with abl. : less frequent) : 
 
 Cic: Virg. 3. circa (rare), Quint. 
 
 4, quoad, qii6d ad: i. e. with re- 
 spect TO ; V. as to. 
 
 concert («.)■■ i.e. to agree upon 
 (measures): consilia conferre, Ter. 
 Heaut. J, I, 64; conlero is found with- 
 out subs. : but in both cases the mean- 
 ing is strictly to confer respecting plans, 
 not actually to ananye them : *una con- 
 silia capere; communicato cunsilio con- 
 stituere de aliqua re. Phr. • a c.'d 
 signal, sigm:m de quo convenit: v. to 
 
 AGREE. 
 
 concert (subs.).- |. Agreement- 
 
 esp. in phr. by concert : ex pacto, com- 
 pacto, compOsito, constituto; ex prae- 
 
 diCtO: V. COMPACT, AGREEMENT, (XJL- 
 
 LLSION. II, A musical entatain- 
 
 ment: 1, concentus, lis (the nearest 
 word: concerts in the modern sense of 
 the word being unknown to the an- 
 cients) : birds charm the air with cs, 
 volucres concenlibus aiira mulcent, Ov. : 
 Cic. 2. symphonia (prop, a Greek 
 word: <Tv(ii(J)<ui'ia ^ concentus) : I should 
 have wished you not to attend Lyco's 
 c, s. Lyconis vellem vitasses, Cic. : v. 
 
 MUSIC. 
 
 concession: |. The act of grant- 
 ing or yielding: \, concessio: foil, 
 by gen. or ut and subj.: Cic: Varr. 
 
 2. concessus, us (only In abl.) : by 
 the c. of the gods, concessu deorum, Cic. 
 Join- concessu et beneticio, concessu 
 et munere, Cic. Esp. in phr. to make a 
 c., cedo, coiicedo, permitto, do, tribuo : 
 cf. Cic. SuU. 16, 46 permitto aliquid ira- 
 cundiae tuae, doadolescentiae, cedo ami- 
 citiae, tribuo parenil,Cic.: for the diffe- 
 rence betsveen the syn. v. to concede. 
 
 ||. The thing yielded : expr. by p. 
 part, of verbs given above : as, by this 
 c, hoc concesso : Socrates used the cs of 
 his antagonist as arguments, *Sociates 
 ex lis quae ab altero concessa erant ar- 
 gumeiitari s. disputare .solebat. 
 
 conciliate : I. To win, gain, enr 
 gage : as. love, affection, etc. ; 1. 
 concilio, i : to c any one's favour, c. 
 sibi giatiam alicujus, Cic: to c. the 
 minds of men, aiiimos homiuum c, Cic. ; 
 sibi l)enevolentiam populi c, Cic. ; fa- 
 vorera populi c, SueL 2. capio, 
 cepi, captum, } : good will is most c.d 
 by kindnesses, benevolentia beneficiis 
 capitiir maxime, Cic. 3. paro, 1 : to 
 c. friends, amicos p., Cic. ; p. amicitias, 
 .Sail. 4. promfirSo or eor, 2 (to earn, 
 merit) : to c lore, aniorem p., SueL 
 
 IJ, To reconcile (q. v.): concilio, in 
 gratiam re^tItuo, reduco. 
 
 conciliation : conciiiatio .- cia : 
 
 Quint. Or expr. by verb, he extended 
 the Carthaginian empire more by c. than 
 by arms, magis tonciliandis per ami- 
 cltiam [principum] novisgenlibus quam 
 bello ant armis rem Carthagiiiiensium 
 auxit, Liv, 21, 2 (med.). 
 
 conciliatory: 1. pacificus esp. 
 
 of persons: a c. chaiacttT, persona p. 
 (as opp. to bellatot), Cic : v. peaceful. 
 2. pacificatorius (= pacificus) : Cic. 
 Phr.- to adopt c. measures, *conciliandi8 
 animis homiimm studere, operamdare; 
 magis gratiae conciliatione quam vi 
 agere : to make c. proposals, *eas condi- 
 tiones feiTe, quae pacis componendae 
 sint : V. to conciliate. 
 
 concise: 1, brevis, e: v. brief. 
 
 2. concisus (i. e, vrith all redun- 
 dancies cut away): c. sentences, c. sen- 
 tentiae, Cic. : c. brevity, c. brevitas, 
 Cic: joined with angustus, Cic; with 
 brevis, yuint. 3. astrictus (ads.) : o 
 contracted and c kind of eloquence (a 
 description applied to fogic). contractt 
 et a. eloquentia, Cic. 4, densus (close 
 in style; having the matter cUtsely 
 packed) : in Demosthenes rveTrytfdng it 
 c„ in Uemostbene d. sunt omnia. Quint. 
 
 5. pressus: implying a simple and
 
 CONCISELY 
 
 CONCUR 
 
 CONDEMN 
 
 niiailorned use ot laiiguuge gt-nerally: 
 
 concisely: 1. astricte • Cic : Plin. 
 Kp. 2. Ijif viler: V. BHtF.n.v. 3. 
 concise. Quint. (N'.li. Not praccisc ; 
 which refers lo a mjxtilate.d or elliptical 
 way of speakint;.) 4. pit'sse: opp. by 
 Quint, to abunilanter. Joint pri'ssiiis 
 et astrictlus, I'lin. Kp. ; presse et an- 
 Rustt, CIc. Bui presse is also used In 
 the sense of sim/di/, v ithout rhetorical 
 ornament (v. concisk, h). 
 
 conciseness : 1. brcvitas : v. 
 
 BKK\iTV. 2. br6vil6quentia (rare) : 
 
 ascribed by Oell. to Clc. IMi r. : "In 
 reach (he c. 0/ Demosthenes" (Dryilen). 
 *ad dislhute concLsara illam Oemosllie- 
 nis brevitaiem pervenire : v. Cic. de 
 Or. }, 5 J, 202 • / laUiur after c, brevis 
 esse laboro, llor. ■ to some sulijtcts co- 
 piousneas, to others c. is mui e mluiittd, 
 aliis rebus plinlor, *aliis breviur et 
 astriolior oratio ninRis apla est. 
 
 conclave: assembly of ecclenattics 
 held for electing a pnpe, *conclav(5, is, 
 n. : M. L. : as applied to an i/ other select 
 meetitiff, consilium ■ v. council. 
 
 conclude: \. To infer: 1. concludo, 
 clusi, clu^urn, j : then i/ou c.d (or ar- 
 gued, for Concludo includes the whole 
 of the argument) that ixiin is the great- 
 est evil, deinde concludebas sunimum 
 malum es.>ie doloreni, Cic. 2. colligo; 
 V. TO GATHER, INFKK. ||. To decide: 
 statuo, constituo, }: v. to im;tkkmine. 
 III. To end: 1. perlTcio, ad 
 
 linem adduco, etc.: v. to i-i.sish, ac- 
 COMI'LISH. 2. concludo, si, sum, j 
 
 (not freq.): to c. a letter, epistolam c, 
 Cic. : Joined with perficio : as, facinus 
 crudelitate perfectum atque conclusum, 
 Cia 3. claudo, } : v. to close : to 
 c. a letter, epistolam c, Ov. Spedal 
 pbr. . to c. a war (l)esides liellura conRc- 
 ere, ad finem penlucere. elc. : v. to 
 finish), debellare : generally as an im- 
 pers.pass.: lest the tear should be c.d in 
 his absence, ne absenie se debellaretur, 
 Liv. : the tear iras c.d in a single battle, 
 uno proelio deliellatum est. Liv. : to c. 
 a case or speech, pfiroro, i : the matter 
 is not c.d <m that day, the court is dis- 
 missed, res illo die non periiralur, dimit- 
 lilur Judicium, Cic: since 1 hare .^aid 
 '■nough, I must c. mi/ sjieech, (luoniam 
 >;itis multa dixi, est mihi perorandum, 
 Cic. IV. InldiVi ; toestop: q.v. V, 
 To settle ii nail !/ : as u peace, a bargain, 
 etc, • V h r. : to c. a treaty, foedus (er- 
 ire, icere, percutere: Liv.: a treaty of 
 peace, pacem [et amicitiam] cum ali- 
 quo confirmare, Caes. ; pacem pangere, 
 compunere, Liv. for to c. a bargain, v. 
 TO CLOSE and bargain. 
 
 conclusion : |, Close, end .- q. v. : 
 clausula, coiiclusio, e.xltus, etc. Of a 
 speech, p6rortitio, orationis dctermina- 
 lio. Cic. (If the act of concluding be 
 meant, expr by part, of verb : v. to 
 coKCLUDE.) II. Determination, deci- 
 s^ion : q. v. : to come to a c may olten 
 be expr. by placet, videlur as. they 
 came to the c. that, etc., placuit (iis) «t, 
 etc.: V. TO K1-.SOLVK. |||, An infer- 
 ence drawn from argument.': : 1, coii- 
 clusio (in logiuil sense) ■ he put the c. of 
 the syllogifm at the lieyinnimj, c. syllo- 
 f^smi in piincipio posuil, Cell, z, 8, (but 
 in Cic. conclusio and its dimin. eonclu- 
 siuncula are used of the whole of the 
 argument : as, Zenonis breves et acu- 
 tulae conclusiones, N. I>. j, 7. 18). 2. 
 conjeciura (a c. or inference drutvn front 
 probable grounds) : many ciicumstances 
 concur to lead me to this c, mulUi roii- 
 cumint simul, qui c. banc facio, I er. : 
 / will Uaix the judges to draw Uuir 
 own c. ip.>is Judicilius cunjecuiiain lac- 
 ere perniitlam, Cic: lo draw a c. from 
 any circuniftance, c. lacere ex alicjua 
 re, Cic. 3. *Jr expr. by verb as. to 
 draiv cs and form aiguments, colligere 
 et ratioclimrl, (jell. : Cic. : to arrire at 
 a c, argumentationes ita concludere ut 
 efficiatur etc., Cic. Or {5, 122. 
 
 ^onc'uajve; ol arguments, etc 1. 
 certus perfectly c, arguments, argu- 
 menta certissima, Cic. 2. grivis, e - 
 
 i. e. WEiGHTV • may be strengthened 
 with sails: no c. argument, •nullnm 
 satis grave argiimentum. 3. liimu.- 
 (stiong, irrefragable) : this se-^ms the 
 
 mo.st c. priAif of (irniissinium ln'c 
 
 afferri videiur, cur credainus . . . ., Cic. 
 Tusc. I, ij, 50. I'hr. : I II ill furnish 
 c. proofs of the guilt, *tam m.mirrsia 
 Bceieris indiria proferam ut res nemini 
 dubia e.s.se videatur: v. loll. art. 
 
 conclusively: Pbr.: they do nut 
 argue c.. Id himkI illi conclude re vilint 
 non effiiiiur ex pro|.ositis[(lo(« notfollou- 
 from the premises], iion est cousequens. 
 Cic: (1. preceti. artt. 
 
 concoct: i- e. to devise (q. v.); but 
 usu. in lud or ironical sense: 1, lingo, 
 tinxl. tictum, } : v. to fahkicatk. 2. 
 confio, 1 (lo blow up or together: prob. 
 with an iillu ion to the norlc of a smith) : 
 to c. guilty eiiii, pacts and alliances, ne- 
 farlus scelerum pactlones el >ocietaU.'S c, 
 Cic. • Veil. V. TO excitk, stir up. 3. 
 excogito, I : v. to dkvisf.. i ontrive. 
 
 concoction: I. The act: expr. 
 
 by verb: v. 10 CONXOCT. || .1 tnix- 
 
 ture or comjiosition (q. v.) : mistura, 
 compo.sTtio. 
 
 concomitant: adjunctus, conjunct- 
 us; (|U(id seiiiiilur, coiiiiiatur, etc., v. 
 attkndant; to accomi'AXV. 
 
 concord: I. Agreement in general : 
 1, Concordia: by c. small things in- 
 crease, by dis^cord the greatest gradually 
 decay, Concordia parvae res cre.scunt, 
 discordia niiiximae dilabuntur. Sail. . 
 Clc. 2. eonspiraiio: tec gain great 
 advantages by the c. and agreement of 
 men, inagnas utilitates adipiscinnir con- 
 spiratione hominum atque consensu. 
 Cic: v. AGREEMENT. ||, Mwsical: 
 
 1, concentus, us: v. harmony. 2. 
 Concordia : from such c. of voices, ex 
 ejusinodi vocum c, Cic |||, In Gram- 
 mar: conconianlla : M. L. 
 
 concordance : *coucoidantiae, arum . 
 Bruder. 
 
 concordant : concurs, dis : not even 
 himself c. v:ith himself, ne seeuiii qiii- 
 dcm ip.se c, Liv. : a well governed and 
 c. condition of the state, moderatns et c. 
 civitiitls status, Cic : v. harmonious. 
 
 concourse: 1. cClebraiio: as- 
 
 semblages and cs of men. hominum coe- 
 tns et celebrationes, Cic: also in pre- 
 cisely the same sense, cglCbrltas: Quint. . 
 V. crowd. 2. concursio (of the act) : 
 esp. in phr. : the fortuitous c. {or meet- 
 ing together) of atoma, corpusculorum 
 c fortuita, C!lc. 3. concursus, us (of 
 the people, etc. who form the concourse) . 
 a c. takes place along the roads, fit c. 
 per vias, PI. : such a c. if people floclced 
 to meet me, lantae niultitudinis c est ad 
 me factus, (!ic. 4. frfiqiientia (esp. 
 of a erouded attendance at any jilace) : 
 the daily atte.iulance and c. of friends, 
 qiiotidiana amicorum assiduitas et f., 
 Cic: v, CROWD. 5. coiiventus: v. 
 
 MEETING. 
 
 concrete (.a/^j)- logical and gram. 
 t. t. : *concietus; sometimes singill- 
 aris (v. TO abstract, II.), since the 
 particular is also concrete. Phr.: in 
 the c , as opp. to in the abstrait. re, co- 
 gltalione, Cic. I'usc 4, ft, 24 (Kr.) 
 
 concrete (subs.): *compOsitio quae- 
 daiii (|iin(l cirncretum dicitur. 
 
 concretely : re (abl. of re.s) : v. con- 
 crete (Jin.) Or as t. t. *concretS. 
 
 concubinage ; 1. concuMnatus, 
 
 us (most general term) : to be living in 
 a state of c, esse in c. alicujus, I>ig. : 
 simly, habere In c, of the man. I>ig. : 
 Pi. 2. pelUcatus, vis (esp. of a 
 
 married ue/man) : the abominable c. of 
 a nio^/ier (with ber son-in-law), nefarius 
 niatris p., Cic. CI. 5, 1 j : sImly, p. ma- 
 Iris. Just. 4, 7. 3. contubernium 
 (late : cf. cosirANioNsiiir) . cf. Suet. 
 Vesp. ? ( I'm.), where the word seems 
 to be used as implying less reproach. 
 
 concubine: 1. concublna (most 
 gen. term): Cic. 2. l>ellex. Icis ((ir. 
 TToAAaicT)). esp. of a married man: 
 Cic. : iior. : Ov : v. M1.'<tbf.ss. 
 
 concupiscence: iib'<io v. lust. 
 concur: I. to meet m the same 
 
 point , of reasons, causes, etc : 1, 
 concurro, curri. cur-um, } manythingt 
 c. to lead me lo Oiis omclutvm, mul- 
 ta concurrunt simul qui conjecturam 
 banc faclo, Ter. Cic. 2. o^nvenio 
 vOni. ventum, 4 . Joined wiib congruere 
 in the foil, passage as many cautes 
 seem to c. and be consistent with each 
 other, quum niullae causae convenlss*- 
 in unum locum et congruere videnlur, 
 Cic. Rose. Am. 2J, 62. ||. To agree 
 (q. v.): consj'iiilo, concpiro, congruo, 
 etc. : lo c. nith any one in an opinion, 
 assentlor. sensiis, 4: v. to agrfe. 
 
 concurrence: I, Meeting toge- 
 ther; only llg.,a-';^fau*<'.«, c/c. . I'hr.. 
 from a c. of causes it ha}>i<ned that, 
 etc., *nnillls laiisis in unum li>cuni 
 [simul] conveiilentibus; ex multis simul 
 causis, aaidit ut. elc. : oiring to ac.of 
 faeouiable ctrcumstancs, <iuum mulu 
 simul prospere cessissint ; quum tot 
 res in unum leliciler conspirareiit: v. 
 TO CONCUR. II. Agreement (q v.) . 
 
 consensus, conseiisio, conspiratio. \' h r. ; 
 to expre.^s c. in any one's opinion, as- 
 sentlri alicui, Sail.: Cic: v. a.sse-nt 
 (subs, k v.). 
 
 concurrent: quae in uoum (locum) 
 S. simul concurrunt, convenluni : v. to 
 CONCUR. I'll r. : "as we are assured by 
 tfte c. testimony of antitiuity," *quod 
 quasi uno ore ab antiquis memoriae 
 proditum est: courts which have a c. 
 jurisdiction. *jiidicia s. jiidices quorum 
 de iisdim rebns'jurisdictio est (?). 
 
 concurrently : uns, sTmui v. to- 
 cktheb. 
 
 concussion : i. e. a sudden bhnv or 
 shocic: peih. ictus (v. STROKE), or col- 
 lisus (rare) ; v. collision. P h r. ; " c. 
 of atoms" (Bent.), concursio atomonim, 
 <.'ic. (v. CONCOURSE) : to meet with a 
 violent c, gravi ictu (or graviier) \>eT- 
 cussum esse : v. shock. (Ckinciissiis, 
 which is rare, and found only in aU. 
 means shalcing In Lucr. 6, 289.) 
 
 condemn : I. •fudicOiUy : \. 
 
 danino, i ^the offence expr. by pm.. or 
 abl. with de; the punislinient by gen . 
 abl., or ace. with ad or in : gen. chiefly 
 in such phr. as dupli, octupli daninare, 
 condemnare) : c.'dfor theft, furti daiiina- 
 tus, Cic: to c. to death or capitally. 
 capitis d., Caes. : Cic: also, capite, ni 
 capitalis d., Clc; lo c. for violence and 
 treMson. de vi et de iiiajesiate d.. Cic. : 
 Sisyphus c.'d to lasting toil, danin.iiiis 
 long! S. laboris, Hor. (a poet, consir.) 
 punishment rarel.v ami )>oct. in dat. : 
 c.'d to death, nioni d.ininatus. Lucr. 
 2. comleinno, i (equiv. to simple 
 verb; and having the same consir.): 
 to c. a person without ti'ial, aliquem 
 causa Incognita c , Cic. (a phr. also used 
 in non-judicial sen.se) : to c. any one for 
 gambling, aliqueni de alea c, Cic. . to c. 
 capitally, capiiis c, Cic. (more usu. dam- 
 nare ■ v. supi .) . to c. to the mines, ad 
 melalla c. Suet. ■ he acquits the man at 
 regards Ventis, but cs him ot his own 
 suit, hominem Veneri absolvit, sibi c, 
 Cic. : to c. a man lo make twofold re- 
 compence. aliquem dupli c, Cato. 3, 
 niullo or mulcio, i i. e. to c. to pay 
 a line (with ace. of person ct)iidemiied, 
 and abl. of fine) to c notions lo i>ay 
 tribute, m. populos stipendio. Cic. : with 
 dat. of person to whom the fine comeS' 
 to be c.'d to i>ay a flue lo teniis, Veiierl 
 esse multaluni. Cic: (may also lie expr. 
 by miiltam dicere, iinponere, indicere, 
 irmgare v. riNK, subs, and irrM. ||. 
 In non-judicial sens*- : 1. condennio, 
 I Cic. Caes. . v. supr. 2. damne, 
 I : they c. 11 hat they do not underftaiid, 
 daninant quae non Intellipunt, Qiiinl. 
 
 3. nolo, I . V. tostigmatizf:, brand. 
 
 4. culpo. vltupiro. improlio, rep^^• 
 hendo. etc. . v.to blame,cfnsurk. |||. 
 'I'll judge or pronounce unlit for use: 
 perh. imprObo, rf pfldio ; Phr.: a slap 
 c.d on tlie si ore of oldness and decay, 
 •navis propter vetuslBt«Mii ac pulredlnem 
 inutilis ; coni c.'d by the mogistratet at 
 unflt for fooii, *frnmenium quod a ma- 
 gistratibus ad cibum inutile Judlcatum 
 est. 
 
 «4i
 
 CONDEMNATION 
 
 C O N rH! C E 
 
 CONEY 
 
 condemnation: 1. damnatio- 
 worthy of c. and disgrace, damnatione 
 Ignoniiniaque dignns, Cic. 2. coii- 
 deicnatio : c. for bribery, ambitus c, 
 Cic. (Or expr. hy verb : vjorthy of c, 
 dignns qui condemnetur : after the c 
 of MiU), post Milonem condeninatum. 
 etc. : V. preced. art.) 
 
 condemnatory: damnat5rius(rare): 
 Cic. 
 
 condensation: densatio, condensa- 
 tio, spissatio: all rare and late: better 
 expr. by phr. ; as, on account of the c. 
 of the atvwspltere, *aere densiore facto, 
 propter aerem densiorem factum. In 
 fig. sense, of language, lompressio : as, 
 briff from c. of matter, compressiime 
 rerum brevis, Cic. Phr.: remarkable. 
 for c. of thought, sententiis ereber ; 
 densUB : Cic. : v. condensed. 
 
 condense: I, Lit.: of particles 
 of matter: 1, condenso, i: Col. 
 
 2. denso, l (also deiiseo, 2 : Lucr. : 
 Ov.) : Jupiter c.s with smith winds what 
 was rare just now, Jupiter austris d. 
 erant quae rara mode, Virg. (who has 
 also the comp. addenso = denso). 3, 
 spisso, I: c.d fire tuiiis to dense air, 
 ignis densum spissatiis in aera transit, 
 Ov. : V. TO THICKKN. (Or expr. by clr- 
 cuml.; as, air is c.d ou the withdrawal 
 (if heat, "igne s. calore deiracto denslor 
 tit aer.) In special sense, of the con- 
 version of jYea/ii into water: *vaporem 
 condensare et ad naturam aquae revocare. 
 II. Fig.: of style: 1. denso, i: 
 to c. a speech, orationem d., Quint. 2. 
 premo, ssi, ssuni, j : to c. a matter, rem 
 p., as opp. 10 dilalare, Cic. Phr.: to 
 speak ill too c.d a manner, adstrictius 
 dicere, Cic. : v. to compre-s. 
 
 condensed : |. As p. part. -. 
 densatus. densior factus, etc. • v. to 
 CONDENSE. II. Of style: densus : Thu- 
 cydides, c. and pithy, d. et brevis 'I'h., 
 Cic: Quint. Note.— Not pressus, which 
 is plain, unadorned ; not using ampli- 
 fication or ornament. 
 
 condescend: 1. descendo, di, 
 
 sum ; let old men c. to play ivith youths, 
 senes ad ludum adolescentium descend- 
 ant, Cic. : to c. to the gains of slave- 
 dealers, ad mangonicos quaestus d.. Suet. 
 2. demitio, misi, missum, j (with 
 pron. rejl.) : to c. to Jialtery, in adula- 
 tionem se d., Tac. 3. submitto, j 
 (with pron. refl.) : those iiho are supe- 
 ru/r ought to c. in friendship, ii qui 
 superiores sunt s. se debent in amicitia, 
 Cic. 4. dignor, i : v. to deign. 
 condescending (adj.): no exact 
 
 word : perh. facilis et nioribus comis 
 (but this leaves the notion of letting 
 oneself down to be implied by the con- 
 text)': or expr. by verb : as, he was of 
 c. temper, facile se ad inferlores (hom- 
 ines) demittebat, etc. : v. supr. 
 condescendingly: "a m quis se 
 
 Comiter submittat ; or simply comiter 
 (L e. courteously : q, v.). 
 
 condescension : comitas, mores 
 comes ac faciles (i. e. courtesy : q. v.) : or 
 more precisely, *aninius ad se comiter 
 submittendum promts: v. supr. 
 
 condign: '• e- deserved (only of 
 penalties) : debitus, mgritus, Justus • v. 
 
 BCE, DESEKVKn, JUST. 
 
 condiment: condimentum: v. sea- 
 
 SONING. 
 
 condition : I. circumstances , 
 
 collectively • 1. status, iis (the most 
 gen. term) all c.s of life, omncs vitae 
 8,, Cic. the c. of the common uealth, s. 
 reipublicae, Cic. • v. state, j'ooting 
 2. casus, iis : generally in bad sense : 
 mourning for the (evil) c. of the stale, 
 civitatis casuni dolens, .Sail. 3. con- 
 ditio (more freq. in sense III., out of 
 which this one probably arises) tlie 
 lowest c. and fortune of slaves, infirna c. 
 et fortuna servorum, Cic : this c. of 
 life, haec c. vivendi, Hor • the c. of the 
 empire and the state of the province, c. 
 imperii statusque provinciae, Cic 4. 
 causa (chiefly in particular phrases: 
 prop a Igal word ; v. cause, case) ; to 
 he in the same, in better c, in eadem, 
 mellore c. esse, Cic. Caes. 5. res, 
 144 
 
 rei, /. ; esp. in pi. : v. circdmst.vnoes. 
 
 6. sors, fortuna ■ v. fortune. 7. 
 Ificus: i. e. position (q. v.); Caes. 8. 
 habitus, us : v. habit. I'h r. ; / am in 
 a c. to promise, habeo poUiceri, Cic. : lie 
 ivas not in a c. to make aini rejyly, quid 
 responderet non habebat. (iio. : to be in 
 good, oad, c, bene, male se habere, Cic. : 
 to be content with one's c, in propria 
 pelle qiiiescere (lacete), Hor. ■ in good 
 c. (of body), pingnis et nitidus, bene 
 curata cute, Hor. HJp. i,^{fln.). \\. 
 Rank : 1, conditio : any one's c. and 
 mode of life, alicujus c. vitaque. Quint. : 
 joined with fortuna: Cic. 2. for- 
 
 tuna: V. fortune, rank. 3, locus 
 (only in certain phrases): horn in the 
 lowest c, iiifimo I. natus, Cic. ; sinily, 
 obscuro, summo I. natus, Li v. : Sail. 
 
 4. sors, rtis,/. ; a young man not 
 of your c, non tuae s. juvenis, Hor. ; v. 
 station. III. Terms of a conlraxt : 
 
 1. conditio : the fairness of the c.s 
 being clearly seen, aeqiiitate conditionttm 
 perspecta, Caes. : on c. that, (sub) ea c. 
 ut or ne, Cic. : in accordance with c.s, 
 per conditiones. Sail.: v. terms. 2, 
 pactum, conventum : v agreement. 
 
 3. lex, legis,/. ; peace was granted 
 to Philip mi these cs., pa.\ data l'hili|>po 
 in has 1. est, Cic. : he proposed these cs 
 to the two parlies, legem dtiabus hanc 
 proposuit partibus, Phaedr. ; on these 
 c.s, hac lege (foil, by ut or ne), Cic. ■ 
 Liv. 4. stipiilatio (only of legal 
 
 engagements: v. Diet. Ant. pp. 817, 
 818): to bind any one by a c, aliquem 
 stipulatione alligare, Cic. Phr. on no 
 other c, non . . . , aliter, foil, by nisi or 
 quam ut : not to allow Caesar to be made 
 consul mi any other c. than that he 
 should deliver up his army, non pali 
 Caesarem aliter consulem fieri, nisi ex- 
 ercltum tradiderit (=quam ut iradal), 
 Coel. ap. Cic: on this c. that, ita ut, 
 Cic. ; also cum eo quod or ut • be it so 
 since you itdsh ii, but yet, on c, I sup- 
 pose, that it be done loilhout any sin on 
 my part, sit sane, quoniani ita tu vis ; 
 sed tamen cum eo, credo, quod sine 
 peccato meo fiat. Cic. : Liv. 
 
 conditional : condltionaiis : Ulp. : 
 Serv. : Ten. But except in technical 
 language better expr. by phr. . to make 
 a c. promise, *certa conditione aliquid 
 promitlere ; with ea .... ut, if the con- 
 dition is specified: he granted a peace, 
 c. on, etc., pacem ea lege «. conditione 
 dedit, ,ut .... etc. : v. condition : a c. 
 statement, quod conjuncte (as opp. to 
 simpliciter) sit elatum (?), Cic. de Or. 2, 
 J8, 158. 
 
 conditionally : 1. conjuncte (in 
 
 loglcil sense) . v. preced. art. 2. 
 
 conditlonaliter (in legal sense) : Gai. 
 Dig. • but only to be used as tech. term 
 else expr. by sub (certis) conditionibns; 
 (sub) ea lege, ut ; etc. v. supr. 
 
 conditioned : I. As part. pass. : 
 certis conditionibus constitutus : v. 
 supr. As phil. t. t.: fimius(?): v. fi- 
 nite. II, As adj. : having a certain 
 state or qualities: Phr.: an ill-c. 
 stomach, male nioratus venter, Ov. : an 
 ill-c. man (i. e. churlish), homo difficilis 
 atque importunus; homo insuavis atqiie 
 inhumanus: v. disagreeable, unami- 
 
 ABLE. 
 
 condole : cum aliquo dolere : v. to 
 grieve. See also to console, com- 
 miserate. 
 
 condolence : Phr.:/ gave Mm my 
 c.s. *(ioloris ejus particeps (actus sum : 
 c. lightens grief, •levatur dolor cum 
 aliis communicatus. 
 
 condone : condono, veniam do : v. 
 
 to I'ARDON. 
 
 conduce: 1. condiico, xi, ctum, 
 J (full, by ad or in with ace. ; or dat.). 
 to c. to the general advantage, in com- 
 mune c, Tac. : to c. to the convenience 
 of life, Sid vltae commoditjitem c, Cic: 
 to c. to the purpose, proposiio c, Hor. 
 
 2. confero, tuli, latum, 3 (constr. 
 same as 1) : nhether nature or learning 
 c.s most to eloquence, nattirane plus ad 
 eloquentiam conferat an do' Irina, Quint, : 
 the motlier of t/ie Gracchi e.d much to 
 
 their eloquence, Gracchorum eloquea- 
 tiae multum contulit mater, Cic. 3. 
 proficii), feci, tectum, j (with ad) ; 
 nothing c.s so much to oratory a* 
 writing, nulla res tantum ad dicendum 
 p. quantum scriptio, Cic. : Liv. : v to 
 profit. 1* h r. : it will c. to your ad- 
 vantage, e re tua erit, proderit tibi . v. 
 advantage: this affair cs to my glory, 
 haec res mlhi valet ad gloriam, Cic. . 
 my services c. to the advantage of the 
 commonwealth, mea benelacta reip. pro- 
 cedunt. Sail. Jug. 85 . v, advantage, to 
 
 BE OF. 
 
 conducive: utiUs, bSnus (ad): v. 
 TTSEFUL, advantageous: or expr. by 
 verb: quod ad aliquam rem conducit, 
 confert, valet, piocedit, etc. . v, preced. 
 art. 
 
 conduct (si-*s-) .• I. Behaviour : 
 
 I. mores, uni, m. : v. character. 
 2. ^ita (ol the entire past life of 
 
 a person) : to enquire into any one's 
 (.past) c. and character, in alicujus 
 vitam et mores inquirere, Liv. • Cic. 
 also ratio vitae, of a definite, course if 
 conduct : Cic. 3. Expr. by verb : 
 
 what should be my c. tonards Caesar, 
 quonam modo me gererem adversus 
 Caesarem, Cic. : v. to behave (oneself). 
 4. Particular kinds of conduct, as 
 insolent, haughty, shameless, etc., may be 
 expr. by such substantives as, insolentia, 
 superbia, Impudeiitia, etc.: for which 
 see the abstract substantives, insolence, 
 HAUGHTINE.SS, etc. ||, Leading, ad- 
 ministration (q. v.) : 1. ductus, iis 
 v. GEXEiiALSHip. 2. admluistratio ; 
 V. MANAGEMENT. Plir. . Under thy c, 
 Caesar, te duce, Caesar, Hor. : Cic : 
 the ivise c. of political affairs, civilis 
 prudenlia, Cic. 
 
 conduct ("•) •■ I, To lead to any 
 place or person : \, addQco, xi, ctum, 
 J : / will c. you to my house, te ad 
 meam adducam domum, PI. : to c. an 
 army, exercitum ad., Cic 2. ad- 
 
 moveo, movi.motura, 2 (esp. of military 
 movements) : he c.'d his army to Ari- 
 minum, exercitum Ariminum admovit, 
 Liv. V. TO advance. 3, deduco, j . 
 esp. to c a bride to her husband, vir- 
 ginem juveni marito deducere, Tib. . 
 uxorem domum deducere. Per ■ or set- 
 tlers to their place of destination : tlie 
 settlers nho had been c.'d to Capua, 
 coloni qui Capuam deductl erant, Caes. ■ 
 to c. a colony to any place, coloniam in 
 aliquem locum deducere, Cic. also to 
 c. a person home in a complimentary 
 manner: v. to escort. Fig.- what u 
 that system to which you are c.ing me f 
 quae ea est discipliua ad quam me de- 
 ducas? Cic. 4. perdiico, j (to c. to 
 some place of destination ; or to the end 
 of a journey) ; to c. legions to any one, 
 legiones ad aliquem p., Cic: tltey ar- 
 rested them and c.'d them to Caesar, 
 comprehensos eos ad Caesarem perduxe- 
 runt, Caes.: to c. an ox to the stall, 
 bovem ad stabula p., Virg. : v. to lead. 
 
 II. To manage: \, administro, 
 I : v. TO MANAGE. 2. dirigo, } : v. 
 to DIRECT. III. To lead, as a com- 
 mander : ducto, duco, praesum • v. to 
 COMMAND. IV. With pron. riji.; toe. 
 oneself, i. e. behave: se gerere, praestare • 
 
 V. TO BEHAVE. 
 
 conductor : dux (both in mint, and 
 !?! non-inilit. sense), ductor (milit. only), 
 administrator (manager in general 
 
 sense): v. GUIDE, COMMANDER, etc 
 
 conduit : canalis ; V CANAL, PIPE. 
 
 cone: 1. conus (Gr. KtuMof): tM 
 figure of a cylinder, of a square or of 
 a c, figura cylindri, vel quadrati vel 
 coni, Cic. hence of things c.-shaped: 
 ci/press c.s, cypressini c. Col. of a 
 helmet, galeae c, Virg. Hence, as ap- 
 plied to trees, c.-beaiing, conifer, conl- 
 ger : Virg. 2. meta (prop, the conical 
 shaped goal in the circus) the shallow 
 of the earth is the c. of night, umbra 
 terrae est m. nuctis. Cic. the box-tree 
 shoots up into c.s, buxus in metas emlt- 
 titui, Plin. 
 
 coney or cony : c&nictilns ■ t. 
 RABBrr.
 
 CON FABULATE 
 
 CON F IDENCE 
 
 CON F I N B 
 
 confabulate : confabulor, sermScIn- 
 
 Or, I : V. TO CljNVERbK, CHAT. 
 
 confabulation : confibQlatio, ser- 
 mScinatio (bijtb very rare) : v. coNveb- 
 
 EATIO.S. 
 
 confection: (?)comp6sitio (which is 
 used by Col. o( preterving fruits: 12, 
 44): see also coNKKcnoNERV. 
 
 confectioner : 1. cnistularius : 
 Sen. 2. cupPdliiirius (cupp): a 
 
 maker of dainty dis)us in genual: 
 Ter. : I^ampr. 3. li'iarius: a maker 
 
 e/ cakes, liba: .Sen. 1' b r. : O c.'s shop, 
 •uberiia crn>iuUiria, lupedinariu. 
 
 confectionery : 1. crustum (any- 
 
 t\i\in; Ixtked) : Hur. : VIrg, 2. crustu- 
 lum (Jimin. of crustum; small jHistri/) : 
 to pacify children v-ith. c, const4ari 
 crustulu pueros, Sen. Kp. 99, 24 : Hor. 
 3. cti|)6dia (cupp.), oruni, n. pi. ; 
 and -ae, -arum, ./". pi. (of daintu^s in 
 general): I'l. : Aplc. 
 
 confederacy : I. -■* trtaty .- foedus, 
 
 6ris, n. : v. lkaguk. ||. The states or 
 nation! united by a league : foederaiae 
 civitates; civitates foedere Junctae: v. 
 foil. art. 
 confederate: I. -^dj-: 1. <^ue- 
 
 df;ratus : c. stales, f. civitates, Clc. 2. 
 foedere Junclus, conjunctus: v. tbeatv. 
 3. s6clus: i.e. ALLIED: q. V. 4. 
 
 conjiiritus (sum-n or banded Uxjether : 
 esp. poet.) : Greece c. to break thy nup- 
 tial lie, Graecia o^njurata lu.is rum[)ere 
 nuptius, Hor.: CUe thousand c. ships, 
 uiille c. rates, Ov. ||. Subs.: esp. in 
 pi: socil, loederatae civitates: v. sujrr. 
 
 confederation : v. conkederacv. 
 
 confer: I. I'rans. : To gi\>e 
 
 (q. V.) ; especially in certain phrases ; 
 as to confer power, a title, retuiwn, a 
 favour, etc. : 1. dcrtro, tilli, latum, 
 } (implying authority or pou-er on the 
 part of the bestowerl : to c. poner on 
 any one, imperium ad aliquem d., Caes. : 
 also with dat. : Caes. : to c. the fasces on 
 an unuxtrthy person, fasces Indigno d., 
 Hor, : to c. supreme power on any one, 
 regnum alicui d., Hor. . to c. the laurel 
 on any one, laureain alktii d., Liv. 2. 
 confero, i : to c. a favour on any one, c. 
 beneficium in aliquem, Cic. : v. to be- 
 stow. 3. trlbuo, } : V. to bestow. 
 P h r. : you will be c.ing a very great 
 favour on ut, gratisslmum, pergratum 
 nobis feceris, Cic. : v. favocb: J should 
 like to know how long a time is needful 
 to c. value upon tvritings, scire velim 
 pretlum charlis quotns arroget annus, 
 Hor. : the event c.'d not a little fresh 
 glory on the general, aliquantum ea res 
 duci lamae a^jecit, Liv. ||_ 1 n- 
 
 trans. : to discourse together, omsult : 
 
 1, collOquor, lOciitus, j : by the me- 
 dium of I'rocMus he c.s tnth him, per 
 Proclllum cum eo colloquituf, Caes.: 
 Cic. 2, commiinico, i : v. to ojm- 
 mcnicate. 3. confero, j : both with 
 and without a subs. : c. consilia ad ali- 
 quem, Ter. ; c. sermones cum aliquo, 
 Cic. : lie ivill c. together, coram inter 
 DOS conferemus, Cic. P h r. : about wh ich 
 I c.'d with you, de quo tecum egi, Cic. : 
 to c, together (with a view to giving a 
 verdict), in consilium ire, Cic. Clu. 20, 
 55 ; V. TO consult, deliberate. 
 
 conference: 1, coll6quium: they 
 came Udther for a c, eo ad c. venerunt, 
 Caes. : to be a contiderabk time engaged 
 in c, aliquandlu in colloquio esse, Nep. 
 
 2. collOciilio (rare) Clc. 3. con- 
 gressus, us: i.e. a meeting. (Cic. Joins 
 congressus colloquiumqiie ) P h r. : to 
 have a c. with any one, cum aliquo col- 
 loqui, consilia conferre, communlcare : 
 V. preced. art: v. interview. 
 
 confess : I. ^o acknowleilge : \. 
 confltCor, fessus, 2: to c. one's faults, 
 c. peccatum suum, Cic: with de|)en(l. 
 clause : / c. that this has happened 
 to me justly, hoc contiteor jure mlhi 
 obligisse, Ter. : absol. : as you have 
 heard her herself confess, lit eampse 
 vos audisiis confiterier, PI.: with abl. 
 and de : to c. concerning a crime, de 
 maleficio c, Cic. : to c, (.'hrist, Christum 
 C, Prud. (but of willing, cheerful cun- 
 fettion, better Chr. protitcri : v. infr.) 
 
 2. f&teor, fassus, 2 (Identical in 
 senie with cimflteor ; nd with same 
 constr.) : he c.s that he has acted am- 
 trary to Uie public welfare for the sake 
 of his fncnd, contra rempublicam se 
 amici causa fecisse fatelur, Cic. : to c. 
 what is false, falsum faierl, Cia 3. 
 proflleor, fessus, } (to confess villingly, 
 to arow openly). — XoTK. The difference 
 between this and the preceding words 
 is seen in the following passage: ita 
 lil>enter c</n/ifctur ut non solum /a/en', 
 sed etiam profiteri (i. e. openly to avow 
 and ackrunutalge), videatur, Clc. Caec. 
 9> ^4- 4. agnosco, novi, nilum, j : v. 
 TO ACKKOWLEDOE. N.B. Sucli sentences 
 as these things are c.'d by all, must be 
 converted into the active form, if fateor, 
 or a compound of It, is to be used : e. g., 
 haec oinnes fatenlur. ||, To concede 
 
 (in argument) : cono-dere: v. to grant. 
 confessed : confessus (a p. part, used 
 In j«i.ss. sense) : Cic: v. manifest. 
 
 confessedly : 1. ^^x confesso : 
 Quint. 2. manifesto, aperte: v. ma- 
 nifestly, undoubtedly : c. the grioteit 
 ofphilosopliers, *quem inter omnes con- 
 stat (quern omnes consentiunt) ma.\i- 
 muni liiterpliilosophosfuisse: v. agreed, 
 
 IT I.s. 
 
 confession : confessio -. a c.of one's 
 error, peccati sui c, Cic. : to extort 
 c. by torture, c. cruciatu e.xprlmere. 
 Suet. : Liv. : of religious c. : Aug. : 
 Liv. : in modified sense : o c. that the 
 pou-er of the people was greater than 
 that of the consul, c populi quam con- 
 sulis \im majorem esse, l,iv. Phr. : to 
 make c, contiteri (v. to conff:ss); o c. 
 of faith, •symbolum: v. creed: auri- 
 cular c, *conlessio auricularis : Calv. 
 Inst, (but the phr. should be used only 
 in tech. sense; otherwise rather, con- 
 fessio ecclesiastica; quae per sacerdotcm 
 til; quae tutls sacerdotis auribus im- 
 periiiur cumniiinicatio). 
 
 confessional : *cella in qua peccata 
 contitentibus opera datur. l.'tlie prac- 
 tice and not the place is meant, ♦con- 
 fessio quae per sacerdotem fit, c. eccle- 
 siastica. 
 
 confessor: I. One who makes 
 
 profession of the Christian faith: con- 
 fessor : Lact. II. A priest who receives 
 confessions : *confessarius : Kncliirld. 
 Confess.: *sacerd"s qui est alicui a con- 
 fessionlbus ; quem quis habet a coufes- 
 sionlbus et cura animae. 
 
 confidant : 1, tonscius, conscia : 
 my c. in all my pi-ivate affairs, niihl in 
 pi ivatis omnibus c, Cic : make me your 
 c, fac me consciam, PI. : nor is any 
 man my c, nee c. est uUus homo, PI. 
 2. lamiliaris: an intimate friend 
 (q. v.). Phr. : a c. of t/ie sovereign, 
 arcanis principls admlssus, Tac. ; secre- 
 tiorum omnium arbiter, Curt., send to 
 me any of your c.s that you please, si 
 quem tuorum fidelium voles ad me 
 mi lias, Cic. to take any one as a c. in 
 a scheme, aliquem in societatem consllii 
 assumere, Liv.; in conscienllam assum- 
 ere, I'ac : in fuller sense, alicui intimas 
 cogitationes tradere, Tac. : he aske^l hint 
 to send one of his c.s, petiit ut aliquem 
 e.\ arcanis mitteret, Plin. 
 
 confide : I. ?b rely on : fido, 
 
 confido, fisus, ?: usu. with <(a^ of person 
 
 and ahl.of thing : v. ro Tia.sT, rei.y on. 
 
 II. To entrust, commit to the charge 
 
 of: conmiendo, credo, commilto: v. to 
 
 (iiMMIND, l-NTRi;ST. 
 
 confidence: 1. Hdes, 6i. /. (th« 
 most gen. term) : / had almost more c. 
 in i/ou than in myself, f. niajorem tibi 
 lialmi quam paene ipsi mlhi, Cic. : many 
 firomises dimini.''h c, mula tidem pro- 
 missa levant, Hor. 2. fiducia (coii- 
 lidence, assuraiice) : I have already hope 
 of you, not yet c, jam de te spera habeo, 
 tiondum f.. Sen. : c. in (superior mili- 
 tary) posititm, f. loii, Caes. : c in one's 
 o"»i fortune, f rernm snarum. Caes. : v. 
 TRUST. 3. lldentla: esp. as tech. term : 
 the characteristic of the person who is 
 inspired with fiducia : Cic. Inv. 2. 54, 
 i6j : "fidentia est tirma animi conliHo," 
 Cic. Tu.sc. 4, J7, 80. 4. confidenlia : 
 L 
 
 esp. of over -confidence, telf-confidenee: 
 he said he lacked tvto titinyt (for being 
 a public speaker), c. and mice, dixit 
 duas .slbi res, c. et vocem defulsse. Cic: 
 V. assurance. Phr.: to Aatr c, fido, 
 confido, fisus sum, j (for consir. v. to 
 confide) : nor did the mUiieitfrel more 
 c. in any lAher cJiief, neque inilltes alio 
 du«e plus confidere, Liv. : 1 fret a strong 
 c. tAa<,eto., magnusmibi animus est (folL 
 by ace. and inf.), lac : in Uiis legion 
 Catsar tiad the greatest c, huic li-gioni 
 Caesar ojnfidebat niaxiroe, Caes. : some- 
 what less strong Is credo, ; (with dat.): 
 V. to trust ■ i//ie»i you have got c, cum 
 OS perfrlcuisti, Clc: tovm-bied e., or 
 assurance, urbana frons, Hur : v ef- 
 fkoxterv to tell any one a secret in c, 
 tutis auribus aliv^uld depunere, Hur. : to 
 take any one into e , ali(|Uem In consci- 
 entlam (esp. consilii) sumere, Tac : v. 
 
 CONFIDANT (Phr.). 
 
 confident: 1. ndens, ntis: c. of 
 spirit, f anlmi, VIrg.: he will go to 
 death with a c. soul, 1. animo grailietur 
 ad mortem, Cic 2. confidens: unu. 
 of over conjidence : Clc. (similar is pr6- 
 fidens: Cic.) 3. freius (with abl.)-. 
 i.e. relying on: q. v. Phr.: to be c, 
 fido, confido, fisus, } : / am c. tfiat he 
 will do his duty, confido ilium fore In 
 officio, Cic: V. to CONFIDE: c.of safety, 
 de salute securas, Liv. : v. cektai>' : and 
 conip. confidence (Phr.): with a c. 
 mind, animo certo et omfimiatu, Cic. : 
 to make an army more c, exercitum 
 confimiatiorem eflicere, Clc. 
 
 confidential: I. ^^orthy of con- 
 fidence: fidus, ndclis. v. faithfuu 
 trusty. II. Private, secret : oTcknxis. 
 secretus or in cornif. sccretior : v. se- 
 cret. Phr.: to make a c. communica- 
 tion to any one, aliquld tutis auribus 
 deponere, Hor.: we held c. communtca- 
 tiimfrom the eighth hour until tlie evrti- 
 ivg,&b bora octava ad vespermn secreic 
 collocuti sumus, Cic. : regard this as c. 
 Mioc til>l s'lli dictum putato. 
 
 confidently: 1. fidenter, fidemi 
 animo : Cic : v. confident. 2. <»n- 
 fidenter: usu. in bad sense: v. confi- 
 dent. Phr.: to say anything c, con- 
 tii nil), affimio, assfivcro, i : v. to assert. 
 AFFIR.M : this I would venture to assert 
 c, *li(>c pro certo affimiare aiisim. 
 
 confiding (a<^i) .■ 1. credulus 
 
 (with dat.): olteiier in bad sense: v. 
 CREDtLocs. 2. Iretus: withaW..- v. 
 RELYING ON. Phr.: Ae uas of an amia- 
 ble c. disposition, "suaviu-r alque In- 
 genue aliis confidere solebat. 
 
 configuration: figura.conformatio, 
 forma: v. FiGURH. K s p. of the planets 
 (in astrology) : st&tus, us : to be bom 
 undei- tlie same c. of the sky and stars, 
 eodem s. coell et stellarum natum esse, 
 
 Cic. : V. HOROSCOFB, 
 
 confine (subs.) .- l conflnium : in 
 the C.S of Germany, In continio (ierma- 
 niae, Tac: Aurora posfrsses the cj of 
 <lay and night, Aurora tenet confinia 
 lucis et nixitis, Ov. 2. finis, is. in. : 
 V. BOtJNDARY. Phr.: on the CJ of, 
 cuntemiinus, confinis, finitimus, vicl- 
 
 nUS : V. CONTERMINOUS, ADJACENT. 
 
 confine (v.) : 1. claudo, si. sura. ? : 
 to c. Jloiks in vattled peiu, c. cratlbus 
 U-xtis pecus, Hor.: a rirer c.d on lioth 
 sid>:s by very lofty banks, rivus praealtis 
 utrinque clausus ripis, Liv. Similarly 
 incJudo. concludo, and (less freq.) cir- 
 cumcludo : v. TO SHUT IN or UP. 2. 
 c6erceo, 2 : a river c.d by no banks, 
 amnis nullis coercltus rlpis, Liv. Cic : 
 to c. the hair in a knot, nodo c crinea. 
 Hor. : by these n-orks the enemy is cji 
 u-ithin the nails, his operibus intra 
 muros coercetur hostis, Liv. 3. co- 
 hlbeo, 2 : three huwlied chains c. I'iri- 
 thous, ireceiiue Pirillionm c catenae, 
 Hor.: toe. the arm in the t((<7a,braihluni 
 toga c, Cic. 4. conilneo, ul, tentum, 2 
 A< c.d his army in Uie camp, exercitum 
 castris continuit, Caes. : to c. oneself tc 
 the hiiuse, se domi c , Suet. (Cohit)eo, 
 coerceo. qnd contineo signify to ret/>ain. 
 to put constraint u/xm : while claudo and 
 its compounds denote simply to tncloit 
 M5
 
 CONFI NED 
 
 CONFORMITY 
 
 CONFDSION 
 
 OTormflne). 5. constringo, nxi, ctura, 
 3 (to c tiyhtlj/ : v. to bind) : to c. men's 
 boiiiet in irmis, c. corpora vinclis, Cic. 
 
 6. vincio. nxi, nctuni, 4; v. to bind. 
 
 7, circiimscribo, psi, ptuni, s (i. e. 
 as It were to draii< a lineroumi; hence 
 to limit) : tn c. the body and to give the 
 mind free sctipi', c, corpus et animo 
 locum laxare. Sen. Fhr. : toe. any 
 one icitliin narioiv limits (as of the 
 ran/je of tlie orator), oralorem in exi- 
 guum gyrum compellere, Cic. : to e. 
 oneself viitliin too narroiv limits (of 
 the literal translator), ftesillre in artum, 
 Hor. (similarly in exiguum, in pxiguum 
 angu.st,um(|ue concluili, contralii, etc. ; 
 Cic.) to be c.d to one's bed, in lecto 
 deiinerl, Cic. ; cubare, Hor. : or more 
 precisely, lecto aflfixum esse, cf. Hur. S. 
 1, I, &i : of a tvoman, parere ; f. part. 
 paritura, about to be c.d ; puerperio 
 cubare, PI. . she was c.d at Antiuin, 
 locus puerperii Antium fuit, Tac. : v. to 
 
 BEING FOKTH. 
 
 confined ('3d;-) •■ i.e. close: 1. artus 
 (arctus) . a c. theatre, a. theatrum, Hor. ; 
 V. ci«SE: c. circumstances, artae res, 
 Ov. (=res angustii dumi, Juv.) 2. 
 angustus: a c. (narroic) mind, an. 
 animus, Cic. 3. astrictus: esp. of 
 the boice.h : v. costive. 
 
 confinement ; I. Restraivt nith- 
 in limits : 1, inclusio : the c. of 
 Bibulus, in. Bibuli, Cic. 2. vincfila, 
 orum : v. bonds. 3. Expr. by verl); 
 by the c. nf the passions within limits, 
 •cohibids intra tines suos cupiditatibus : 
 V. TO CONFINE. ||, Imprisonment : 
 
 custodia, vinclla, career : v. imiison : to 
 put in c, ill viiicula coiijicere, in cus- 
 todiam trailere : v. i-rison, uipnisoN. 
 Ill, In childbirth: q. v.: 1. 
 
 partus, lis: vthen she nas thought to be 
 near her c, quiim partus appropinquare 
 putaretur, Cic. : Prop. 2. puerpgr- 
 ium : PI. : Suet. Or expr. Ijy verb : 
 as, after her c, posteaquam peperit ; 
 pueruni enixa : v. to bkinu fokth. 
 
 confirm: I. To make firm or valid: 
 1. eonfirmo, i : v. to strengthen : 
 to promise and c. by oath, polliccri et 
 jurejurando c.. Cues. : Cic. 2. Brmo, 
 1 (somewhat less strong than 1): to c. 
 by oath, jurejurando f., Cic. : to c. fide- 
 lity, fldem f, I'er. 3. slaWlio, 4 : 
 i. e. to establish : q. v. 4. auclor 
 (with sum, fio : said of one who sup- 
 ports or lends authority tn something) : 
 esp. in phr. paties (patricii) auctores 
 fiunt, of the jMtricians or sniate con- 
 firming a resolution of the comitia cen- 
 turiata : Liv. : Cic. 5. comprObo, i 
 (to make good) : the rashness of the son 
 c.'d the vjise saying of the father, patrls 
 dictum sapiens temeritas filii compro- 
 bavit, Cic. : v. TO pkove. 6. sancio, 
 nxi, nctum, 4 : v. to ratify. 7. "li- 
 quid ratum facio, efiicio, babeo, duco : 
 esp. of sentences and judgments : Cic. : 
 Liv. : V. to RATiFi". 1' h r. : to c. the 
 truth of anything, alicui rei fidem ad- 
 jungere, afferre, Cic. ; v. credit. ||. 
 Of the ceremony of confirmation: eon- 
 firmo, I Eccl. 
 
 confirmation: i. a strengthen- 
 ing . e.\pr by verb: Jor the c. of the 
 promisf, ad hdem conhrmandam : v. to 
 CONFIRM. II. A religious ceremony: 
 coiitirmiilio : Corpus Confess. 
 
 confirmatory: a<l tidem adjungen- 
 dam, tiniiandam aptus, idoneus : v. to 
 
 CONFIRM 
 
 confirmed {adj.): Phr.: a c. in- 
 valid, vileiiidinarius: Sen.; *cujus in 
 corpore peniius inhaesit morbus; qui 
 admodum intirma valeiiidine uiitur ; 
 qui intirma valetudine perpetuo laborat: 
 V. INVALID: a c. disease, iiioibus qui in- 
 veteravit, Cels. : it is becoming a c. 
 custom, inveierascit consuetudo, Cacs. : 
 a c. sceptic, "qui de omnibus rebus in 
 utramque partem quaerere ac dubitare 
 Bolet. 
 
 confiscate : 1, publico, i : to c. 
 
 any one's property, alicujus bona p., 
 Caeg. ; pecunias. Sail. : also with occ. 
 of person : aliquem cum bonis omnibus 
 p., Cic. : cf. .Nagels. p. 50. 2, con- 
 146 
 
 fisco, I : lat«, and with ref. to the im- 
 perial fiscus : Suet. : lor which, in tiscuni 
 \ertere, avertere, Tac. 3. proscribo, 
 psi, plum, } (as an act of arbitrary 
 power, by public announcement, nut us 
 a legal sentence) : to c. jxjssessions, pos- 
 sessiones p., Cic. : Plin. : like pub.ico, 
 with personal object; to c. the property 
 of Fom/iey, P. pro^cribe^e, Cic. 4. 
 
 Partial confiscation may be expr. by 
 commissum : to be c.d, in coiumissa 
 cadere (vtriire), LTlp. Dig. 
 
 confiscation ; 1. publlcaiio : Cic 
 (usu. better expr. by verb: :o putiish 
 with c, bona, pecunias alicujus pub- 
 licare ; pecuniis publicalis in aliquem 
 animadvertere : v. to confiscate). 2, 
 contiscatio : Suet. : Ulp. 3. P™- 
 
 scriptio ■ Cic. : v. verb. 4. commis- 
 sum : denoting a tine for default : cf. 
 Suet. Cal. 41. 
 
 COnfiagration : 1. incendium -. the 
 c. of a city, uibis in., Caes. : they think 
 of nothing but murder, c.s, rapine, nibil 
 cogitant nisi caedes, nisi inceiidia. nbi 
 rapinas, Cic. Kig. : lest some day this 
 little jire may kindle a vast c, ne quaii- 
 doque parvus hie ignis in. ingeiis ex- 
 suscitel, Liv. 2. conflagraiiu: .-Sen. 
 Ph V. : to be consumed by a c, confiagro, 
 deflagro : v. burnt down to bk. 
 
 conflict (subs.): 1, ceitanien, 
 
 certaiio; coutentio • v. contf;st. 2. 
 pugna (applicable to any kind o( contest 
 or combat, q. v.): c. (of opinion) betueen 
 Uanied men, pugiia doctissimorum ho- 
 minum, Cic. 3. rfipugnantia : i. e. 
 opjiosition : c. of expediency (with ho- 
 nour), utilitatis r., Cic. Off. j, 4, 17. 
 Phr.: to be in c. (logical), repiignare : 
 V. To contradict. N.B. Nolcontiictus 
 or confiiitio, which signify striking to- 
 gether, o/llision. 
 
 conflict ("■)•■ 1. certo, concerto, 
 I : V. TO contend. 2. luctor, 1 : v. 
 TO .strlggle. (X.B. confiictor, i, is to 
 be brought into collision : Nep.) 
 
 conflicting ((k'J.) •■ repugnans; things 
 nhich are c, quae n-pugiianl inter se, 
 Cic. : V. contradictory. 
 
 confluence : confluens, entis, m. ; 
 the c. iij the Meuse and Hhine, c. iVlosae 
 et Hheni, Caes. : Liv. : sometimes pi. : 
 uhere he crossed the Anio at the c. (i. e. 
 trith the Tiber), he pitches his camp, 
 ubi Anienem transiit ada>nfiuentes, col- 
 locat caslra, Liv. Or, expr. by verb: 
 at the c. of the two rivers, ubi du , 
 amnes in unum confluunt : cl. Cic. Leg. 
 2, J, 6. Sometimes used fig. of « crowd 
 of people: concursus: v. concourpe. 
 
 confluent (<'<ij-): confluus: Prud. 
 (or imperf. part, of confiuo). 
 
 conform: I. Trans.: (rare; 
 
 except with refl. pron. : as, to c. oneself) : 
 acconim6do, 1 : v. to adait, accom- 
 modate, in pass, to be c.'d (made like) 
 to, conformem (similem) fieri, Vulg. 
 II, lu trans. : to comply with or 
 yield to: 1, accommodo, i (with 
 
 p)on. r>fl.) : to c. to any ones will and 
 pleasure, ad alicujus nulum et arbitrium 
 se ac, Cic. 2. obtenipero, i (with 
 dat.) : V. to COMPLY WITH. 3. seqiior, 
 secutus, i: to c. to nature, naturain s., 
 Cic: V. TO FOLLOW. 4. servio, 4 
 (with dat.); stronger than the preced- 
 ing: toe. to llie times, tempori s., Cic. : 
 Nep. 
 
 conformable; I. consistent vnth : 
 1, coiiseiuaneus : a death c. to his 
 life, c. mors ejus vitiie, Cic. 2. cmi- 
 gruus, consentiens, conveniens: v. con- 
 sistent. II, Compliant (q. V .) . v. to 
 CONFORM (11.). 
 
 conformably : convgnlenler, accom- 
 modate ; pro with abl.; etc.: v. accord- 
 ance WITH, IN, AGBEEABLV. 
 
 conformation : 1. conformatio : 
 a certain c. and shape of the whole face 
 and body, c. quaedam et figura totius 
 oris et corporis, Cic 2. figuf". forma" 
 
 V. FIGURE, form, SHAPE. 
 
 conformity : convenientia, congni- 
 entia; v. agreement. Phr.: in con- 
 J'ormity with : ex or e, de, pro (with 
 abl.); secundum (with ace.): v. ac- 
 
 COEDANCE WITH, IN. 
 
 confound : I. To mix and con- 
 fuse : 1. confundo, fudi, fUsum, j : 
 strengthened with perturbare, of c.inff 
 and disordering religious observances, 
 Auct. Itom. 49, 127 : V. to confuse ; to 
 c. right and wrcmg, fas nefasque c, Ov 
 )i, niisceo, ui. slum and xtum, 2: he 
 c.'d all the liAvest with the highest, omnia 
 I infima summis miscuit, Cic. 3. com- 
 i misceo, 2 : Cic (For construction see to 
 I MIX). 4. perturbo, 1 (to throw into dis- 
 I order): v. supr. (1). ||, Topeiplex: 
 j 1, confundo, J: to c. the minds (f the 
 hearers, audientium aiiimos c , Liv. 2. 
 ' implico, avi or ui, itum, i : unless per- 
 chance your implacable resentments have 
 c.'d your miniM, nisi tone iniplacabiles 
 irae vestrae implicaveriiit aninios ves- 
 tros, Liv. : to c. any one by uncertain 
 1 anstvers, aliquem incertis responsis im- 
 plicare, Liv. 3. turbo, perturbo, i : 
 V. TO DISTURB. III. 'lo disconcert 
 greatly, abash, etc. 1. exiiiimo, i : 
 to Ije c.'d by the fear of legal proceedings, 
 Judicioruni metu exaniuiari, Cic : these 
 words of Milo's c. and undo me, me ex. 
 et interimunt hae voces Milonis, Cic. 
 
 2. ob.-tup6lacio, leci, factum, j (to 
 deprive of self-possession): he was so 
 c.'d with shame and fear, ita eiim 
 ilmidum obstupefecil pudor, I'er. : he 
 c.'d the enemy by the very prodigy if 
 dating, ipso niiraculo audaciae ob.^iupe- 
 fecit hostes, Liv.: v. to amaze. Phr.: 
 a// a»e c.d, stupor omnium animos tenet, 
 Liv. 3. piidoiem iiijicere,incuteie : 
 i. e. to make ashamed : q. v. |y. To 
 bring to nought : irritum facio, frustror 
 (rare), efficio ut aiiquid fnislra sit: v. 
 
 TO FRUSTRATE, DISAPPOINT. I' h r. : " / 
 
 shall never be c.d," iion conlundar in 
 aetemum, Te Ileum. 
 
 confoundedly (comlce) : misfire : 
 peidite; I cr. 
 
 confraternity : socifitas.sfidaiicium, 
 
 collegium: v. fraternity. 
 
 confront: I. I'o stand opposite 
 to ; ex adversus (-sum) aliquem stare, 
 cf. Nep. Them, j, Jin.: contra aliquem 
 stare : v. opposite. ||, To meet Jace 
 to J ace: obviam ire, se opponere, etc.: 
 v. TO face. Ill, To bring face to 
 face : Phr.: he is c.'d with the in- 
 former, inde.x ex altera parte coram 
 tenetur, Cic. : in same sense, cum in- 
 dice couiponere, Tac. Ann. 15, ;i, jin. 
 (N.B. Compono is often used of bringing 
 antagonists together: v. to match.) 
 
 confuse: I. '/'' ""*' wrongly: 
 
 1. ci.nlundo, tiidi, lii.-.iim, } to c, 
 the ranks of infantry and cavalry, or- 
 dines peditum atque equilum c, Liv.: 
 to c. the senses 0/ body and mind, cor- 
 poris atque animi sensus c, Lucr. 2. 
 misceo, permisceo. 2 : v. confusion. 
 
 3, turbo, conturbo, i : v. to dis- 
 turb. II, To disconcert: pfidorem 
 injicere, etc. : v. to confound (UL). 
 
 confused {part. : adj.) : I. Mixed, 
 disarranged: \, confusus: c. feet 
 
 (metrical), c. pedes, Cic. : a c. speech, 
 c oratio, Cic. : a c. style, c stilus, 
 t^uinl. : the c. ruins of the universe, 
 mundi c. ruina, Lucr. 2. perplexiis; 
 a more c. account, perplexior ratio, 
 Plin.; c. s/iape«, p. figurae, Lucr. 3. 
 indistinctus (not clearly arranged) . a 
 c. defence, in. defensiu. lac. ||. 
 
 Abaslted, discoi certed : pudore oppres- 
 sus; pfidibundus ; metu exanimaius: 
 v. to confuse. N.B. The word may 
 be expr. by p. part, of any verb given 
 under to confuse. 
 
 confusedly : 1. passim : the Nur 
 midians had tnuamjied uilhout order 
 and c, Nuniidae nullis ordinibns p. con- 
 sederant. Caes. 2. conluse: to speak 
 c, c. loqui, Cic. 3, perplexe ■ to 
 
 speak c, p. loqui, Ter. 4, pertur- 
 biite: tic. 
 
 confusion : I. Mixture of several 
 things : 1, confilsio : c. if religion*, 
 religionum c, Cic. 2. U»u. better 
 
 expr. by means of verb: as, to intro- 
 duce .. amongst the clans, discrimina 
 gentium contundere, Liv. . by a c. of 
 meanings, "diversis in unum confuaU 
 senteutiis: v. to confuse. ||, Txuiiiut,
 
 CONFUTAT I O N 
 
 CONJECTURE 
 
 CONNECT 
 
 ditorder : 1. confflslo : diiorder foU 
 lowt, a'ld grtat c, perlurbatio sequitiir 
 et tnaKna c, Cic. 2. perliirbitlo : v. 
 DISOBUE& Very often in phr., to throw 
 into c. (1) mlscco, cul, stum and X turn, 
 2 : to throw everything into c, omnia m., 
 Cic. : Veil. (2). permisceo, 2 : to throw 
 everythivg into utter c, omnia p., Cic. : 
 all laivs divine and human are thrown 
 into c, omnia divina Ininianaque Jura 
 pemilscentur, Caes. liitli words often 
 in combination w ith turbare : as, to 
 Vtrow everything into c. and disonler, 
 miscere et turbare omnia, Cic. (3). 
 
 turbo, perturbo, i : v. supra. |||, 
 Loss of si-lj-possessian, shame: 1, 
 stupor : all iceie speerhless with c, s. 
 Stlentiunique omnes detixit, Liv. 6, 40, 
 init.: cf. TOCONUSK (IJ.). 2. piulor 
 (with someiliiiig in the context to show 
 the degrei: of shame) : to oixTuhelni a 
 person with c. •allquem pudore delixum 
 tenere : v. amazesiknt. 
 
 confutation; relCUaiio: Cic. . con- 
 futaiio : Auct. Her. Usu. better expr. 
 by verb : v. foil. art. 
 
 confute: 1. confuto, i : to c. the 
 arguments of the SUncs, ariiumenta 
 Sioicorum c, Cic. 2. convinco, vici, 
 viituni, } : to c. the errors of t.'jiicuriis, 
 c, errorcs Epicuri, Cic. 3. coarpuo, 
 ul, uiiim, } : Fhilo c.d the error of those 
 who thought so, Philo errorem eoruin, 
 qui ita putanmt, coarguit, Cic. To 
 these may be added rt-fulo, rfpello, rS- 
 vinco, and rgdarguo : for which see to 
 RKFDTE. (To confulea, theory is tn shoio 
 its emptiness in itself; to ril'ute it, is 
 to rejily to what has been said on behalf 
 of it.) 
 
 congeal: I. Trans.: congelo, 
 I : Varr. : Vitr. 2. cliicio (also onii- 
 glficio), I : to c. the fnlUii snow (of ilie 
 action of Jupiter), positasg. iiives, llur. 
 3. duro, induro, 1 : i.e. tohardkv, 
 q. V. II. In trans. : 1. congelo, 
 I (as pass, or with pron. rejl.): v. to 
 FKEEZE. 2. concresco, crevi, cretum, 
 } : toe. with Show and frost (of wntrr), 
 nive pniinaque c, Cic. Fig.: my blo.iil 
 c.'d ivith cold, gelldus concrevit frigore 
 sanguis, Virg. 3. coiKsisto, stiti. sti- 
 tum, } : the rivers are c.'d, gelu flumina 
 constiterunt (acuto), Hor. 
 
 congealed: concretus: Llv.: Virg. 
 congealing (.subs.): concretio, Cii-. 
 congglatio: I'lin. (Or expr. by gerund.) 
 congener: •■ ^- « thing of the same 
 nature: congener, eris: Plin. 
 
 congenial : 1. consentaneus : V. 
 AGRKEABLE. 2. coiioirs. Cordis (esp. 
 of union of feeling) : c. souls, c. animae, 
 Virg. Phr.: a person of c. temper, 
 *moribus conjunctus et animo ; cui 
 eaoem (ac tibi) cordi sunt: in pi. (boni) 
 homines moribus similes: cf. Cic. Off. 
 I. 17. 
 
 congeniality : *menti8 animique 
 Concordia; morum similitude, Cic. Off. 
 «. n. 56- 
 
 congenital : congenltus riin. (used 
 by him of AaiV on a newborn inlaiit). 
 
 conger (eel): conger, gri, m.: I'liu. : 
 Plaut. 
 
 congeries: 1. conggries, ei, /. 
 
 i. e. a heap, a mass ■ also used to de- 
 note a rhetorical figure, t^uint. 8, 4, j. 
 2. cuniiilus: v. accumulation 
 
 congestion: coUectlones, I'lin. (.\.B. 
 Colleciio is used of gatherings in gene- 
 ral.) PUn. Uses the verb coiiglobari to 
 denote c. of the blood, (" percussis aut 
 precipitatls et ob id sarujuine ccmglo- 
 batu," 2 J, 2, 28) ; but the subs, congloba- 
 tic does not appear t<j occur in this sense. 
 
 conglobate : conglObo, i : usu. in 
 pass.: coiigUibari, to be c.d (of the earth), 
 
 Cic. : V. TO ROBNl). 
 
 conglomerate (v. tr.): perh. cflag- 
 mento, i : v to <jompound. (ConglO- 
 mgro is used in senses of to tcind in a 
 ball, and to accumulate.) 
 
 conglomerate (.subs.) : cSagmen- 
 tum : Cato Caes. 
 
 conglutinate : conglQtino, i : v. to 
 
 CEMENT, OI.UE. 
 
 conglutination: congiutinatio: Cic 
 (T. rare). . 
 
 congratulate : 1. gratuior, i 
 
 (with dal. of jRH-sim ; the matter of con- 
 gratulation usu. expressed by de ; also 
 by ace.; and sometimes by a clause): 
 yoa c. mf aljout my daughter, niihi de 
 filia gratularis, Cic: he c.s hita very 
 Itjudly on his victory, ei voce maxima 
 victorlam gratulatiir, Cic: he c.d him 
 on the rea/rery if liberty, ei recupera- 
 tam liberuteni est gratulatus, Cic. : / c. 
 you that tlte higliest credit has attended 
 you, tibi gratuior quod te summa laus 
 persecuta est, Cic: poet, with iujin.: 
 I c. you that your ability has not lain 
 hid, tilii g. iiigenium non laluisse tuum, 
 Ov. : absol.: impious citizens were c.ing 
 one another as if they had cmquered. 
 inter SI- impii cives quasi vicissent pra- 
 tulabiinlur, Cic. 2. griiior, i (with 
 dat. or (K.V;. : not in Cic.) : / c. myself, 
 unhi grator, Ov. : he c.s them on their 
 return, gratatur reduces, Virg.: mutu- 
 ally c.ing each other, invlcem inter se 
 gratantes, l.iv 3. congratulor, i ■ 
 
 i. q. simple verb: Liv. (rare In Cic). 
 
 congratulation: graiulatio: to offer 
 cs, gratulatiimes lacere, habere, Cic. : to 
 perform mutual c.s, mutua g. uti. Curt. 
 ( ' 'OTigratulatio is rare ; and doubtful in 
 Cic) Phr.: all the multitude poured 
 out in c, se omnis multitudo gratula- 
 btmda effiidit, Cic 
 
 congratulatory : expr. by some 
 case of graiululio. ac. letter, literaegra- 
 tulatioimm plenae, gratulatiombus re- 
 feriae, etc; or literae gratulantes. (Gra- 
 tiilaiorius has no good authority, but Is 
 foiMid in late writers.) Also gratula- 
 bumlus may be used in sense of highly 
 c. (v. sujn:). Sometimes in the .same 
 sense may be used aniplissimis (verbis): 
 
 see COMl'MMENTAKV. 
 
 congregate: I. Trans.: cogo, 
 collit^o, congrggo ; sometimes with in 
 unum : v. to gather together. ||. 
 I n t r a n s. : same verbs (esp. congrego), 
 in pass., or with pron. ry?. : v. to 
 GATHER to .ether. Also convOlo, I : V. 
 to flock to(;etheb, assemble. 
 
 congregation : >• e. an assembly , 
 esp. religious : coetus, lis : cf. Cic. Sen. 
 2J, 8; : V. a.ssembly. 
 
 congregational : P h r. : c. singing, 
 •publicus Christiaiii coetus conceiitus(?). 
 
 congress: 1. conventus, us: cf. 
 Liv. j8, JO (but the term is applied to 
 various kinds of meetings: the Creek 
 amgress at Thermopylae is called both 
 conventus and concilium: Liv.). 2. 
 concilium: M.ineilmes joined with con- 
 ventus: v. Kurtell. s. v. I'hr. : t?u; C. 
 of the U. ■'States, sella lis tbederatarum d- 
 V itatum (.') : Me members of a c, legati; 
 ii in some cases, senatores. 
 
 COngruity : convgnlentia, consensus, 
 Concordia: V. AGREEMENT. Phr.: theri 
 is no c. between these tilings, *niliil 
 iimnino haec inter se congruimt: v. to 
 
 AGREE. 
 
 congruous : congmens, congnius, 
 Cdiivenieris: v. agrekahle, fit. 
 
 conic, conical : expr. by a case of 
 meta or coiius: a cwiico/ At'W, collis in 
 modum metae in acutum cacunien [a 
 fundo satis lalo] fasiigiaius (al. lastiga- 
 tus), Liv. J7, 27: or coni [metae j tor- 
 mam habens. As math. t. t. : coiiicus: 
 Plin. : c. sections, sectiones c, M. \,. 
 
 coniferous: conifer: Virg.: conlger: 
 Cat. 
 
 conjectural : 1. in conjectura 
 positus: Cic. (.Vot conjecturalis; which 
 has a technical sense): *(le coiyectura 
 pendens, quod in conjecturis totum est, 
 etc. : a c. emendation, *emendalio quae 
 conjectura sola nititur. 2. Opina- 
 Hlis : Cic. : applicable, like the former, 
 to things whicli rest upon probable not 
 demonstrative evidence. 
 
 COnjecturally : (ex) conjectura ; 
 quantum in conjectura est; quod con- 
 jectura fieri potest : v. foil, art 
 
 conjecture (subs.) .• 1. conjectura 
 (of opinion/ornMKi on prot>able grounds) : 
 to form a c. (draw a probable conclu- 
 sion), c facere, capere, Cic. : Ter. 2. 
 Opinatio Cic. (But neither of these 
 
 V. INFERENCE.) Phr.; to form a c. 
 conjecto, I : = conjecturam facere : aa- 
 guror, I : v. foil, aru 
 
 conjecture (v.): 1. augtiror, j 
 (v. TO AUOCB): Of far as I can e_ 
 quantum ego opinione auguror, Cic 
 2. coryecto, i (i. e. draw pi'i^ble 
 inferences) : to c. aljout a thing buried 
 in antujuity, rem vetustaie obrutam c, 
 Liv. : he c.d (infened) that Fattitu 
 Vale^is had startedfrom the city. Kablum 
 Valentem profectum ab urbf conject*- 
 bat, Tac 3. conjlcio, jeci. jeclum, j 
 (of which conjecto is fre//.) : you are 
 sixty years old or vurre, as I c. annog 
 sexaginta natus es, aut plus, ut conjlcio, 
 Ter. : I at once c.d that you had been 
 at Lanuvium, clto corjeci I^nuvli te 
 futsse, C«c 4. conjecturam facere, 
 capere; conjectura as-sequi, eonsequi, 
 Cic : v. preccd. art. 5. colllgo, ICgi, 
 lectum, } : to gather, infer : q. v. 
 
 conjoin : conjungo, jnngo, cOplilo, 
 
 etc. : V. TO JOIN, UNITE. 
 
 conjoint (o^ij.) ; l' h r. : by c. latiour, 
 *('onmiuni s. ajtisociata opera : they were 
 unable by their c. efforts to l/reak the 
 iron bars, *universi totis viribus niien- 
 tes vectes ferreos frangere nequibanu 
 
 conjointly : iina, conjunctc, ajn- 
 junctim : v. together. All c, uni- 
 versi : v. all. 
 
 conjugal.: 1. conJugalis,e: Tac 
 Aug. (coiijugialls, Ov). 2. sOciSlis, 
 e: c. Uive, s. amor, Ov. : the c omch, 
 s. torus, Ov. ; see als:i nui'tial. Phr.: 
 c. fidelity, fides marita. Prop. : c. lore, 
 *conjugum amor: c. relation, perh. ma- 
 trimunium : cf. I'ac. Ger. 18 ; c. tokens, 
 matrimonii auspicia, ib. 
 
 conjugally: conjugallter: Aug. 
 
 conjugate : in grammar : declino ,1 ; 
 used in Varro of every kind of inflexion. 
 
 conjugation: in grammar: •comijg. 
 atio: uX. ^ " 
 
 conjunction: |. Meeting, com- 
 
 bination : expr. by phr. : this c. of air- 
 cum.islances was every uuy favourable 
 to him, haec omnia ei prorsus opportuna 
 erant: cf. Sail. Cat. 16, fin. ||. In 
 a-stronomy: 1. concursus, us: the c. 
 of the moon and sun, liinae et soils c, 
 Cels. 2, conventus, us : the c. of 
 two stars, c. duamm stellaruni. Sen. 
 III. In grammar: conjunctio: a 
 connective c, c. connexiva, Gell. ; copu- 
 lativa, .Marc. : cs disjunctive, c. di^unc- 
 tivae, Charis. 
 
 conjunctive: in grammar: the c. 
 or subjunctive mood, *conJunctivus or 
 subjunctivus modus. 
 
 conjuncture: 1, lempesias : freq. 
 in Sail. 2. tenipus. tempora (pi.); 
 often used by Cic. of difficult times : ia 
 .summo et pericuiosissimo reip. temporp, 
 Hac J, 6: and comp. conjunction (I.). 
 3. di-scrinien, inis, n. : v. crisis. 
 
 conjuration : I- Of magic .■ cantus, 
 caniieii v. soBUERv, sfelu if mere 
 tricks -^ri' meant, praesligiae, arum: v. 
 jugglerv. II, Earnest entreaty: ob- 
 secraiio, obtestatio, etc. : v. entreaty. 
 
 conjure : I. To beseech solemnly : 
 1. obtestor, i : I c. you by all (A< 
 goils, [XT omnes deos te obtestor, Cic: 
 also with obsecro: vos obtestor atque 
 obsecro, Cic. 2. obsecro, Oro : v. to 
 beseech. II. To practise conjuring : 
 
 1. fascino, I : v. to bewitch. 2. 
 cano, incinto: v. to enchant. If only 
 the performance of tricks is meant, 
 praestigiis uti : v. juggle. Phr.: to 
 c. up, elU'io ; esp. used of raising the 
 manes: in facetious sense, to c up a 
 story (lie), 'nugas comment icias effln- 
 
 conjurer : 1. praestlgiator: PL 
 
 2. magus: Hor.: or [x-rh. better, 
 qui magicas artes, magicam, magicen 
 eidhlbet, exercet: v. magic. 
 
 connate: innatus, insltus. ingSnItns: 
 V. innate. 
 
 connect : 1. ■onm-clo. nexui, 
 
 nexum. } (with cum inter and pron, 
 re/liCt., or dot.): to c. friendship vriih 
 pleasure, amicltiam cum volupiale c, 
 Cic: all tilings are c.'d ami fitted to 
 
 words Is precisely equiv. to the Knglisb: I one another, omnia inter se conneza et 
 
 147
 
 CONNECTED 
 
 CON QU ER 
 
 CONSCIENTIOUSNESS 
 
 spta suQt, Cic. : he was preparing to c. 
 the Moselle and the Saone by a canal, 
 Mosellam atque Ararim, facta inter 
 utrumque fossa c. parabat, Tac. 2. 
 copulo, I (conslr. usu. with cum): toe. 
 (lit. to tie together) xrirtue and pleasure, 
 like a man and a beast, honestatem 
 cum voluptate, tanquam hominem cum 
 bellua c, Cic: v. to unite. 3. con- 
 jungo • V. TO jora. 4. contexo, xui, 
 textum, J (to frame together) : these 
 beams were c.'d by timber placed length- 
 xifise upon them, haec tigna. directa ma- 
 terie injecta, contexebuntur, Caes. : to 
 c. the last tuith the first, extrema cum 
 primis c, Cic. : Quint. 5. sero, sgrui, 
 gertum, j (of things arranged in suc- 
 cession, esp. in philosopb. sense) : the un- 
 changeable succession of human affairs 
 is c.'d by the law of fate, fati lege im- 
 mobilis rerum humanarum ordo seritur, 
 Liv. • cause c.'d with cause, causa 
 cansam serens, Cic. 6. applico, i 
 
 (with ad or dat.) : v. to attach. 7. 
 colligo, I (^bind together) : all things 
 are adapted to and c.'d with one an- 
 other, res omnes inter se aptae colliga- 
 taeque sunt, Cic. P h r. : to be joined 
 and c.'d by a bridge (of two parts of a 
 town), ponte adjungi et contineri, Cic: 
 c.'d with any one in intimate friendship, 
 familiari amicitia alicui illigatus, Liv. : 
 Cic. ; also implicatus, conjunctus, Cic. : 
 c.'d closely or intimately together, con- 
 junct! inter se atque iraplicati, Cic. : 
 Caes. : L. (Jallus lived so long that he 
 was intimately c.'d u-ith orators of many 
 ages, L. Callus ita diu vixit ut multarum 
 aetatum oratoribus implicaretur, Cic. 
 See also foil. art. 
 
 connected: 1. conjunctus, im- 
 
 plicatus, etc. : V. precfd. art. 2. 
 
 aptus : to separate things that are c, 
 apta dissolvere, Cic. : virtue u'ith which 
 is closely c. duty, honestum ex quo 
 aptum est offlcium, Cic. 3, prt- 
 pior (more closely c. : with dat.) : more 
 closely c. with the case, causae propiora, 
 Cic. (also ac^unctiora, Cic). 
 
 , to be : 1. contingo, tigi, 
 
 tactum, J (with ace): to be c. n-ith any 
 one by bU)od awl race, aliquem sanguine 
 ac genere c, Liv. 2. Jnhaereo, si, 
 sum, 1 (to be intimately or vitally c. : 
 with dat., or in and abl.) : virtues are 
 always closely c. with pleasures, vir- 
 tutes semper voluptatibus in., Cic. 3. 
 cbhaereo, 2 (with like sense: coiistr. with 
 cum and abl. ; or absoi.) : what is said 
 is consistent and closely c. uith the cane, 
 ilia quae dicuntur a)rigruunt et c cum 
 causa, Cic. : Quint. : tlie universe is so 
 fitly and closely c. (in all its paiis) that 
 it can by no means lie separated except 
 by the same being icho bound it together, 
 mundus ita aple c. ut dissolvi nuUo 
 modo queat nisi ab eodem a quo est 
 coUigatus, Cic. 4. subjaceo, 2 : a 
 
 case with which X'ery many suits are c, 
 causa cui plurimae s. lites. Quint. 
 
 connectedly: Phr. : lie spoke c, 
 
 *ita locutus est ut omnia inter se apte 
 cohaererent (comp. Hor. A. P 19;); 
 serie verborum apte continuata locutus 
 est. 
 
 connexion: I. Connectedness, am- 
 junction : 1, colligatio (linking to- 
 gether) : c. of all causes, c. causarum 
 omnium, Cic. 2. contextus, lis (lit. a 
 yarning together ; hence of the connect- 
 edness of a system, etc.) : tliere is a 
 ivonderful c. between the parts of their 
 (the Stoics') system, mirabilis est apud 
 iUos c. rerum, Cic. : c. of things and 
 loords, c. rerum et verborum, Quint. 
 3. conjunctio : the c. of letters nith 
 one another, literarum inter se c, Quint. : 
 of logical c. : Cic. 4. s6ries, ei (usu. 
 concrete: iAetAm^rs so connected): there 
 is a marvelUms c. between things, est ad- 
 mirabilis quaedamcontinualio sericsque 
 rerum, Cic. N. I), i, 4, fin. (see the pas- 
 sage). 5. continuatio: used by Cic. 
 with series .- v. supr. Q. s6ci5tas : v. 
 infr. ^I1. 3). 7. ratio : i. e. relation 
 to : what c. of peace can there be with 
 the Tnan f pads quae potest cum po es.se 
 x.'i Cic. Phr.: having a c. with, con- 
 148 
 
 nexus, conjunctus, etc. : to bring about 
 a c. between things, coUigare, consociare, 
 etc. : V. TO CONNECT : these things have 
 a very close c. willt each other, *mirum 
 in modum haec inter se coliacrent. ||, 
 Intimacy, arising from affinity, friend- 
 ship, etc. : 1. necessitftdo, inis, /. : 
 to form a c. with any one, n. cum aliquo 
 conjungere, Cic. : to have some c. or re- 
 lationship with any <me, habere cum 
 aliquo aliquam n. aut cognationem, Cic. 
 2. familiaritas (intimate c.) : v. 
 FRIENDSHIP. 3. s5cie(as; no c. with 
 
 tyrants, nulla s. cum tyrannis, Cic. 
 K i g. : the c. of dignity uyith refinement, 
 a. gravitatis cum humanitate, Cic. 4. 
 affinitas (by marriage) : to form a c. 
 by marriage, af. jungere cum aliquo, 
 Liv. ; contrahere. Veil. ; venire in, Cic. 
 M i s c e 1 1. phr.: we have tio c. with 
 you, tecum nil rei nobis, Ter. : he pro- 
 mised that thereafter he would have no 
 c. with that actress, poUicitus est sibi 
 cum ilia mima pusthac nihil futurum 
 esse, Cic. : the death of Agrippa brought 
 Nero into closer c. with Caesar, mors 
 Agrippae admovit propius Neronem 
 Caesari, Veil.: by c. and intermai-rlages 
 (of a state), annexu conimbiisque, 'I'ac : 
 what is my c. with Caesar f quae niihi 
 est ratio et causa cum Caesare? Cic: 
 to speak without c, hiantia loqui, Cic. 
 Ill, Omcrete : a c. by marriage: 
 affinis: Cic Phr.: in choosing mar- 
 riage c.t, caution must be used, in con- 
 ditionibus deligeudis ponendus calculus 
 est, Plin. ep. 
 
 connective (a4i-) • connexivus : 
 Cell. 
 
 connivance: Phr.: with your c, 
 te counivenle: this speech shoirs c. with 
 guilt, *haec oratio est hominum in 
 scelere conniventium, sceleri indulgen- 
 tium : see Niig. p. 95. 
 
 connive at : 1. conniveo, 2 (with 
 in and abl.) : immortal Gods ! why 
 do you sometimes c. at the greatest vyick- 
 ednesses of men f Pro dii immortales ! 
 cur interdum in homiimm scoleribus 
 niaximis connivetis? Cic. 2. dissim- 
 ulo, I : there are some who c. at what 
 they see, nonnuUi sunt, qui ea quae vi- 
 dent, d., Cic. 3. indulgeo, si, 2 (with 
 dat. of person or thing ; ace. of neut. 
 prm. : L. G. } 25;) : / c.d at his doing 
 this, *hoc ei indulsi : v. TO indulge. 
 
 connoisseur: 1. existimator(i.e. 
 judge) : a good c, doctus et intelligens 
 ex., Cic. 2. intelligens : used both 
 as culj. and subs. : a c. (in works of 
 art), homo ingeniosus atque intelligens 
 (as opp. to ordinary persons, idiotae), 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 2, 4: the jiulgment of cs, 
 intelligentium judicium, Cic. Phr. : c.s, 
 studiusi harum rerum (i. e. of xvorks of 
 art), Cic. : what a c. in beauty ! quam 
 elegans formarum spectator ! Ter. See 
 also CRITIC, JUDGE. (N.B. Such expr. 
 as perltus; qui callet ; rem cogiiitam 
 habei, etc., denote rather knowledge 
 of a thing than the faculty of judging 
 others.) 
 
 connubial : expr. b.v gen. of con- 
 niibiuni . as, c. rights, connubii (ma- 
 trimonii) jura : connubialis is found in 
 Ov. See CONJUGAL. 
 
 conquer: 1. vinco, vici, victum, 
 3 : in most senses of the English : to c. 
 Gaul in war, Galliam hello v., Caes. : 
 to c. in naval battles, navalibus pugnis 
 v., Cic. Fig.: to be c'd by entreaties 
 and tears, precibus lacrimisque vinci, 
 Liv.: shame c.'d by love, victus aniore 
 pudor, Ov. 2. devinco, j : stronger 
 than the simple verb : to c. completely : 
 Caes. : Cic. 3. supgro, i : i. e. to be 
 
 SUp*)-ior to : v. TO OVERCOME. 4. 
 
 d6mo, edfimo, subTgo: v. to subdue. 
 5. debello, i : stronger than the 
 English : to overthroiv in war : Virg. : 
 Tac. 6. To obtain by conquest : bello 
 capere, poliri; armis capere, etc.: v. to 
 
 CAPTURE, POSSESSION, TO GAIN. Phr.: 
 
 to own oneself c.'d, dare manus, Hor. : 
 our armies have been c.'d by Viriathus, 
 Viriatho exercitus nostri cesserunt. Cic. : 
 to c. passions, cupiditiitps coercere, fran- 
 gere, Cic. : in this buttle our men con- 
 
 quered, in hoc proelio nostri superiores 
 fuerunt, Caes. 
 
 conqneress : ^- conqubbor. 
 
 conquerijig (adj.) .- victor (of a 
 man); /em. i-^t.neut. victrix: v. victo- 
 rious. (N.B. Not vincens.) 
 
 conqueror : 1, victor, fem. vic- 
 trix : the c. of all nations, omnium 
 gentium victor, Caes. F i g. (rare) : c. 
 over lust, Ubidinis v.. Sail. 2. dom- 
 itor: c. of Troy, Trojae d., Hor. Phr.: 
 to be the c, vinco, supero, etc. : v. to 
 CONQUER : c. of one's passions, *cupidi- 
 tatum potens (v. master); qui eas co- 
 ercere potest. 
 
 conquest : Phr. : to extend the em- 
 pire by c, *victis ac domitis gentilms 
 imperium proferre ; imperiiim arniis 
 proferre : the c.s of Caesar, *qtiae Cae- 
 saris victoriis parta erant : the c.s of 
 Trajan were afterwards lost, *cesberunt 
 postea Romani ab iis regionibus quas 
 Trajanus bello ceperat : a war of c, 
 helium ad aliam gentem domandam, im- 
 perii proferendi causa, susceptuin : to 
 Itold by right of c, *bello captum (op- 
 pidum, etc.) tcnere ; jure Victoria tenere. 
 
 consanguineous : consanguineus, 
 sanguine conjunctus : v. cognate, kin- 
 dred. 
 
 consangiiinity : consanguinitas 
 
 (rare); strictly of brothers; but also 
 used in wider sense : Liv.: Virg. Phr.: 
 claims of c, sanguinis Jura, Hor.: c. 
 by father's and by mother's side, pater- 
 nus niatemusque sanguis, Cic. 
 
 conscience : consciemia (often with 
 animi or mentis, to show that the faculty 
 is meant): great is the poner of c, 
 magna vis est conscienilae, Cic. : to take 
 to oneself the comfort of a good c, con- 
 solari se conscieiitia optimae mentis, 
 Cic. ; who has also, praeclara c. : a bad 
 (guilty) c, mala c. Sail. : the plural is 
 often used esp. in bad sense: bad re- 
 flections and an evil c, malae cogita- 
 tiones conscientiaeque animi, Cic. : 
 struck by a guilty c, maleticii consci- 
 entia perterritus, Cic. : remone of c, 
 angor couscieniiae, Cic: the word is 
 neutral, but occurs oftener in bad than 
 in good sense: stains on one's c, con- 
 scientiae labes, Cic. Phr.: a good c, 
 mens conscia recti, Virg.: those who 
 feel tlie terrors of a guilty c, diri quos 
 conscia facti mens habet attonitos [et 
 occulto verbere torquet], Juv. ; to keep 
 a g<X)d C; nil conscire ( = con.scium esse) 
 sibi, Hor.: cases of c, *res dubiae: to 
 make a c. of doing sfmiething, *aliquid 
 diligentissime observare et facere : he 
 had no c, nulla (ei) religlo (erat), Liv. 
 (of Hannibal) : / have no scruple of c. 
 ill saying, nulla mihi religio est dicere, 
 T'er. (see scruple) : a scruple of c. about 
 falseliood, religio mendacii. Liv. 
 
 conscientious: 1. reiigiosus (with 
 
 ref. to some religious motive; as an 
 oath) : a nation not at all c. in giving 
 evidence, natio minime in testimoniis 
 dicendis r., Cic. : a c. judge, r. judex. 
 Quint. : (but in gen. sense reiigiosus 
 usu. implies censure : " oportet religen- 
 tem esse non religiosum," Cic). 2. 
 sanctus: of general integrity: v. mo- 
 ral, irreproachable. Phr.: the c, 
 keeping of a promise, of an oath, *fides 
 ac religio promissi, jurisjurandi. 
 
 conscientiously : 1. bona fide : 
 
 Cic. (who adds, et citra fraudem). 2. 
 religiose (of evidence, oaths, etc.) : to give 
 evidence c, testinionium r. dicere, Cic. 
 3. (in gen. sense) sancte : to behave 
 most c, se sanctissime gerere, Cvc. : 
 Quint. 4. (of a diity) dlUgeDter : v. 
 
 CAREFULLY. 
 
 conscientiousness : 1. fides, ei. 
 
 /. (usu. with bona or some other ati;'.); 
 a man of ancient virtue and c, homo 
 antiqua virlute ac f., Ter. : a very up- 
 right man, of remarkable c, vir aequis- 
 simus, singular! f., Cic. : to be done iHlh 
 c, bona f. et citra fraudem fieri, Cic. 
 2. religio (esp. with ref to oaths or 
 testimony) : c. in giving advice, r. in 
 consilio dando, Cic. : c. in giving evi- 
 dence, testinionlornm r. et fides, Cic. : c. 
 in doing one's duty, r. officii, Cic. 3?
 
 CONSCIOUS 
 
 CONSEQUENTLY 
 
 CONSIDERABLE 
 
 sanctitas : i. e. generally vpright cha- 
 racter, inttgrili/ : q. v. riif. : such 
 gnat c, tanla officia, Cic. Fin. 2, Jl, 
 99 ; hovj great vas his c. '. *quunta ejus 
 in omnl genere officia (eiuni) ! See 
 Nag. p. 4). 
 
 conscious : I. Avure of one's oum 
 existenct : (a) in plillos. sense : coii- 
 Bcius ■ Carles, i, 8 (ct. consciodsness) : 
 or expr. by verb : as, we are c. beings, 
 •ea condillone nati sumus ut nosiri ip- 
 sorum sensum habeumus (?) r we must 
 needs be c. of our own s>msalions, *allter 
 fieri noil potest quani ut seiisiis nostrus 
 ipsi sentianius. (/>) In ordinary lan- 
 guage : lapabU of feeling ; seiisu prac- 
 dltus, qui sensum liabel, Cic. He was 
 still c, •etiam turn sul (mentis) compos 
 erat : (but compos mentis usu. signifies 
 possession of one's reason, not simple 
 sensibiliiy) : she had fainted auay and 
 was no longer c, 'collapsa erat nee Jam 
 sentlebat. ||, With rcf. to particular 
 conduct ; esp. bail conduct : conscius 
 (usu. with dat. of pion. reflect, and geii. 
 of thing): c. of no fault, sibi nullius 
 culpae c, Cic. : a mind c. of rectitude, 
 mens sibI c. recti, Virg. : / am c. that 
 I have never been too desirous of life, 
 mibi sum c. nunquam me nimis cupi- 
 dum vitae fuisse, Cic. I'hr. : to be c. 
 of' nothing {unmig), to grow pale from 
 no fault, nil conscire sibi, nulla palles- 
 ccre culpa, Hur. : v. aware, to be. 
 
 consciously : expr. by adj. : pru- 
 dens, sciens ; v. tnconsciously. 
 
 consciousness: |. in phil. sense; 
 oognizanie of what passes xHthin us : 
 •consclentia: "cogltatioiiis nomine ilia 
 omnia quae nobis consciis in nobis sunt 
 (i. e. nhichfall u-ithin our c), quatenus 
 eorum in nobis coriscientia est," Cartes. 
 I, 8 : cf. Sir W. Hamilton, K. p. 764. 
 II. Sensation: Pbr.: Sextius lost 
 c, reliquit animus Sextiura,Cic. : to lose 
 c, *animi diliquium pati ; Intermori et 
 sensus expertem fieri : v. to faint 
 AWAY. Ill, Wilh ref. to some action 
 
 ur conduct : cuiiscicntia : the c. of a vi^yij 
 noble actum, c. pulcherrimi facti, Cic. : 
 tlie c. of a II ell-spent life, c. bene actae 
 vitae, Cic. Phr. : I have the c. of , etc., 
 mihi conscius sum, etc., foil, by gen. of 
 subs, or by clause : v. coNsciotls. 
 
 conscript : i. e. a recruit : novus 
 miles, tiro : v. rkcruit. 
 
 conscription (of soldiers) : delectus, 
 
 us : V. LEVY. 
 
 consecrate : 1. consecro, i : all 
 
 Sicily is c.d to Ceres, tola Sicilia Cereii 
 consecrata est, Cic. 2. sacro. i : altars 
 c.d to Jupiter and to the Sun, arae .Jo\ i 
 et Soli saciatae, Liv. : to c. the laurel tn 
 Fhoebus, laurum Plioebo s., Viig. 3. 
 inauguro, i (properly by taking the 
 auguries) ■ v to inaugurate. 4. 
 
 dedtco, dico, i : v. to dedicate. Phr. 
 you might have c.d my house, tu meam 
 domum religlosain facere potuisti, Cic. 
 (N.B. The ccreflioD.i/ of consecration must 
 be expr. by dedico : consecro and sacro 
 denote the act of settiiif; ap^in as holj', 
 in whatever way: v. to devote.) 
 consecrated : saccr, sacratus ; au- 
 
 gUStUS : V. SACRED. 
 
 consecration : consecratio, dedi- 
 
 catio : Cic. : the former denoting the set- 
 ting apart as sacred generally; the 
 latter, o formal dedication ; esp. b3' a 
 magistrate. Or expr. by verb : to at- 
 tend to the c. of a temple, templo de- 
 dicando operani dare : v. to dedicate : 
 to receive c. iirith full rites, *more sol- 
 lemni consecrarl, etc. 
 
 consecutive : 1. contrnuus : for 
 
 nearly fifty c. years, annos prope qiiln- 
 quaginta continuos, Cic. 2. continu- 
 atns ; vol ds joined together and c. verba 
 coiijuncta et c, Cic. 3. continens : 
 V. continuous. Phr.: ten c. days 
 is he speechless, bis quinos dies silet, 
 Virg. 
 
 consecutively : 1. ordine, in or ex 
 ordiiKi, per ordinem • v. order, in. 2. 
 omlinenter ; v. contim ously. Phr.: 
 he then got one nmgistracy after another 
 c, deinde ab eo magistratu allum post 
 •liuin slbi peperlt, Sail. 
 
 consent (.subs.) : consensus, con- 
 sensio : v. agreement. Ksp. in certain 
 phr. : to give one's c, permitto (ut) : v. 
 TO allow : u-illiout my c, me Invito : to 
 do anything with Vie c. of the people, 
 secundo populo aliquid f;u ere, Cic. : 
 with any one's (full) c, voluntate all- 
 cujiis, Cic. : v. approval. 
 
 consent (e.) ; 1. annuo, ui, utnni, 
 J (prob. not in Cic. with this meaning : 
 v. to ASSENT) : he c.d to accept the 
 friendship of the Homans, amicitlam 
 Komanorum acclpere annuil, Liv. : luiv- 
 ing c.d to come, quuni annuisset se ven- 
 turum, Liv. 2, volo, irr. : v. willing, 
 TO BE. 3. accipio, cepi, ceptum, } 
 (to c. to : before a subs.) : to c. to terms. 
 conditioiiem a., Ter. : to c to a trial 
 (on challenge), a. Judicium, Cic. : when 
 I cheerfully c.'d thereto. Id cum lilx'nter 
 accepissem, Nep. Hann. 2. 4. patior, 
 passus, } : this I readily c. to, quod 
 patior facile, Cic. Phr.: to refuse to 
 c, nolo, rfipugno, etc. : v. to refuse : 
 / fi/r my part c, per me licet (often 
 Ironical), Cic. : to c. to coruiitions, in 
 condltiones concedere, Liv. ; ad cwndi- 
 tiones accedere, Cic. ; also descendeie 
 (implying cojiccssiom), Caes. : I c. to 
 d^ath, non deprecor mortem. Sail, (so 
 It may often be expr. by such verbs as 
 rcpiigiio, recuso, etc., and non). 
 
 consentaneous : consentaneus : v. 
 agreeahi.e, conformable. 
 
 consequence : I. timi which foU 
 lousfrom any cause : 1. consgcutio : 
 the mere vnthdraual of jiain lias plea- 
 sure as a c, ipsa detractio molestiae c. 
 affert voluptatis, Cic 2. consgquens, 
 tls, n. (only in /)/. in this sense) : reason, 
 by which (man) sees c.s, ratio, i)er qnaiii 
 consequeniia ccniil, Cic. 3. consg- 
 
 qucntia (only in certain connexions : the 
 precise meaning being sequence or coii- 
 ritwion) : by c, per c, Quint. ; per coii- 
 s<'quentias, Ulp. 4. exitus, us: v. 
 ISSUE. 5. eventum or eventus, us . 
 to investigate the c.s of things rather 
 than the causes, eventa rerum niagis 
 qiiiun causas qnaerere, Cic. : the c.s of 
 crime, sceleris eventus 11 qui sequuntur, 
 Cic. ; V. effect, REStTLT. Phr.: to 
 know the c.s of anything, scire quae 
 (ex aliqua re) eventura slnt, Cic. : the c. 
 of this is, ex his efflcitur, consequitur 
 v. TO FOLLOW : »»i c. of, ex, propter, prae 
 (of a preventing cause): v. account 
 OF, ON ; FOR. II. A logical inference : 
 
 1, conclusio, Cic: v. conclusion. 
 
 2. consequens, ntis, «. : when ami 
 c. (conclusion) is Jalse, cum c. allquod 
 lalsiini sit, Cic. (Not consecutio, wliirh 
 signifies a particular kind of argument : 
 Cic. Inv. I, 40, 75.) Phr.- when thee. 
 1.1 clear, quuin id porspicuum est ijuod 
 conficiatur ex ratioclnatione, Cic. I. c. 
 (in the same passage } 74, exitus is 
 used of a logical conclusion, but not In 
 formal sense). |||, Importonee -. I'hr.: 
 it is of no c, nihil refert: it is of great 
 c, magni interest; of i-ery great c, 
 maxinii momenti: v. importance • (for 
 constr. of Interest see L. G. J 28;): a 
 thing qf no c, res parva, 16vis: v. tri- 
 fling : a man of c. homo auctoritate 
 praeditus (summa) ; houii^ illustris, po- 
 leiis, opibus tiorens : v. influential, 
 important. 
 
 consequent (orfj.) ■ 1, consCquens, 
 ntis: to sliow that an intended coniiu- 
 siim is not c, demonstritfi aliquid non 
 eftici ex praeposilis, nee esse c, Cic. 
 2. consectarius hut this is by no 
 means (logicilly) c , i'.lud vero miniuie 
 c, Cic. 3, conseclaneus : Arnob. 
 
 consequent (■'*«('«.) ; in logic : con- 
 sftquens : V. C(insk<ji,ence (II.). 
 
 consequential: I. In logical 
 
 sense: v. preced. art. ||. I'ompoiis : 
 (niultuin sibi) arrogans, sibi pIScens: v. 
 
 AltROGANT. CONCIITKD. 
 
 consequentially : I. Logical : 
 ex praeposilis, Cic. ; consfquenter, 
 Hier. ||, I'ompously : superbe, cum 
 (suninia) arrogaiitia: v. haughtily. 
 
 consequently ■ propterea, ergo, 
 igltur, tiaque ■ v. therefore. Or expr. j 
 by phr. ; as, it is c. false, sequitur ut 
 
 falsum sit, Cic: v. to follow. (N.B. 
 The per consequens of M. L. Is undas- 
 sical.) 
 conservation: Vhr. fortfiec.o/ 
 
 UIki ty, cons«rv.uidae liU.Ttatis, Sail. : v. 
 PBI--SKI<\ ation. 
 
 conservative : quod »<l res ser- 
 vaiidas, coiiservandas pertlriet: v. to 
 prk.^erve: to pursue a c. policy, •rei- 
 publicae stalum mutari prohlbere ; in 
 remp. conservandam Incuuibere ; a re- 
 bus novis (novandis) abhorrere. As 
 subs. : •qui res veteres uovis potioreH 
 ducit, etc. 
 
 conservator: servaior, conservator: 
 
 v. 1'Kh.HKIiVKB. 
 
 conservatory : 'clausum : Quich. ; 
 
 hibiniucula plantarum: Kr. : *hortus 
 claiistis, viridarium clansum (?) 
 
 conserve : conservo : v. to pb«- 
 
 SER% I-.. 
 
 conserves : condlturae : CoL ; t. 
 
 PRK.lKUVKS. 
 
 consider: I. To reflect: 1. 
 
 cogito, I (the most gen. term) : c. wtil 
 in what a calamitous situaliim you are, 
 fac cogites in quanta culaniitate sis. 
 
 Sail. : Cic. : V. TO THINK, REFLECT. 2. 
 
 consTdfiro, i (differs Iroincogitu in being 
 often transitiie .- from contemplor. In 
 that It usu. denotes thought m prepara- 
 tory to action : v. TO (Xjntem plate. 
 syn.) : c. in your minds, considerate 
 cum vestrls animis, Cic : «ee to it again, 
 and c. what you are doing, videas elitun 
 atque etlam atque consideres quid agas, 
 Cic. 3. Sgito, I (to turn a thing over 
 in the mind) : to c. a matter to mi'sdf, 
 aliquid secum a., Ter. : also very ofien 
 within nieiite, aiiinio. Cic. 4. con- 
 templor, i (implying a steady gaze, of 
 (lie eyes or the mind) ■ joined with (2): 
 considerare et c. aliquid, Cic. : v. to 
 OBSERVE. 5. expendo, di, sum, j (tc 
 ueig.'i): to c. and jiulye of things, res 
 ex. aique existimare, Cic. (so also per- 
 pendo, Cic.) : v. to weigh, pondek. 
 
 6. circumsplcio, spexi, spectum, j 
 (to look carefully about one) : very many 
 things requiie to be c.'d in Ian-sails, 
 permultasunt Incausis circumsptcienda, 
 Cic. We also find intueor, contueor; 
 pcrlustro, coUustro, of attentive consi- 
 deration (see to look into), or sunt-y 
 (q. v.). Phr.: to c. posteHly, iiosteri- 
 tatis rationem habere, Cic. N.H. The 
 above verbs are very often ^upplemented 
 with mente, animo, cogiuiiii'iie, etc. 
 
 II, To take into consideration (esp. 
 of a deliberative body) : 1. deliWro, 
 I the depulatiim said that when they 
 had c.'d the matter they ntndd return to 
 Caesar, legati dixerunt .se, re deliberata, 
 ad Caeuareni reversuros, Caes. : the 
 matter is c.'d in the council, delll)eratur 
 in concilio de re, Caes. : v. to delibe- 
 rate. 2. ^go> Sgi, actum, j : esp. 
 iinpers. : when Catiline's conspiracy 
 was being c.'d in the senate, qiium de 
 Catilinae copjuratione ageretur In curia. 
 Suet.: v. to discuss; and (1.). |||. 
 To have reijard Jor : 1. respicio, 
 spexi, spectum, j : c. the old age of 
 Fabricius, respicite (Judices) Kabrlcii 
 seiiectutem, Cic. : to c. one's oivn well- 
 being, suam salutem r., Cic. : Ter. 2. 
 rationem habco : v. consideration (U.). 
 Phr. : not toe. expense, •sumpiui nihil 
 parcere. |V. To look upon a thing 
 in a certain light : 1. duco. xi,ctum, 
 J (with Jirep. or dat. of result : see 
 L. G. ^ V)'J): to c. a thing as of no im- 
 portance, pro nihilo aliquid d.. Cic. : to 
 c. anyone an enemy, allqufin in numero 
 hostinm d., Cic. : to c. a thing a merit, 
 aliquid Uiudi d., Sep. 2. h.1lH»o, j 
 (constr. same as duio) : to c. anyone 
 an ent-my, a friend, aliquem pro hoste, 
 pro amico h., Cic ; also, hostium in nu- 
 mero, Caes. : whom the Fg^/ptians C. it 
 wrong to name, quern i'Kp.vjmi uefas b. 
 nominare, Cic. 3. nCuniiro, I : v. TO 
 beckon. 
 
 considerable : i-e. ^noderatrlylarge: 
 
 1. iliquautus: o c. ■iiumbei,ti nu- 
 merus. Sail.: a c. distame, a. spaliiun. 
 Liv. very often in neut. as tubs. : a 
 c. quantity of gold, allquantum aari 
 140
 
 CONSIDERABLY 
 
 CONSISTENT, TO BE 
 
 CONSORT 
 
 see L. G. } 270. 2. May be e.\pr. 
 by satis and an adj. : a nwund of earth 
 of c. size, tumulus teiienus, satis gian- 
 dis, Caes. : c. wealth, divitiae satis mag- 
 nae, Cic. : with c. dagger, satis cum peri- 
 culo, Cic. 3. bonus (with such subs, 
 as pars) : a c. part of munlcind, b. pare 
 hominum, Hor. : stiengiliened with 
 magnus: as, bona maguaque pars, Ter. 
 P h r. : to a c. d^-gree, aliquauium : v. 
 
 CONSIDERABLY. 
 
 considerably : 1. aliquanto, aii- 
 quantum : the former 1 sp. (but not ex- 
 clusively) with comparatives : c. better, 
 aliquanto melius, Cic. ; but also ali- 
 quantum ampliur, Liv. : the speech af- 
 fected litem c, movit aliquantum (eos) 
 oratio, Liv. 2. multum (more posi- 
 tive than aliquantum) : v. much. 
 
 considerateCaiy.) ■■ !■ cautious: 
 
 1. consldfiratus : a deliberate and 
 c. judge, lenlus et c. Judex, Cic. Join 
 also tardus et c. ; c. et sapiens, Cic. : v. 
 CIRCUMSPECT. 2. prddeus, entis: v. 
 SAGACIOUS, THOUGHTFUI,. ||, Thought- 
 fully kind : no single word : perh. con- 
 sideratus atque hunianus : / recognise 
 your c. conduct towards me, *agtiosco 
 istani in me humauitatem atque dilig- 
 entiam. 
 considerately : I. with circum- 
 
 fpectness : considerate, caute, priidenter : 
 
 V. CIRCUMSPECTLY, JUDICIOUSLY. ||. 
 
 iVith thoughtful kindness : P h r. : to 
 act c. towards anyone, *humanum ac 
 diligentem se praebere in aliquetn : see 
 preced. art. 
 considerateness : prob. only of 
 
 thoughtful kindness : (.') cin.i atque hu- 
 manitas : in some cases diligeniia alone ■ 
 
 V. ATTENTION. 
 
 consideration: I. The act of con- 
 sidering : 1. consideiatio : the c. of 
 nature, c. naturae, Cic. 2. contem- 
 pjatio . this is a subject most deserving 
 of great and careful c, haec res est 
 magna et diligente c. dignissima, Cic. 
 3, circumspectio {careful looking 
 about one) ; Cic. Or expr. by verb : v. 
 TO CONSIDER. P h T. : c. is needed in 
 choosing vuiniage connexions, in con- 
 ditionibus deligendis ponendus calculu>; 
 est, Plin. Ep. ||. Regard -. 1. ratio 
 (usu. with gen. and after habeo) : to have 
 c. for the wounded and sick, sauciorum 
 et aegrorum r. habere, Cic. ; to have no 
 c. for anyone's dignity or convenience, 
 alicujus vel dignitatis vel commodi r. 
 non habere, Cic. 2. respectus, us : to 
 show c. for any thing : alicujus rei r. hab- 
 ere, Cic. (also of persons, ad aliquem, 
 
 Cic.) : V. REGARD, RESPECT. P h r. : in 
 
 c. of, out of c. for : the former may be 
 expr. by propter, ergo : as, in c. of dis- 
 tinguished service, singularis meriti ergo, 
 egregia propter nierita ; v. account of, 
 ON : the latter, often by dat. : as, tlie 
 past he says lie forgives out of c. for his 
 brother Divitiacus, praeterita Divitiaco 
 fratri se condonare dicit, Caes. : Cic. : 
 so with remitto, Cic. : also expr. by gra- 
 tia := for the sake of (q. v). III. Deli- 
 beration : there is need of careful c, 
 consulto opus est. Sail. : the subs, deli- 
 beratio is also used: v. deliberation. 
 IV. Smne degree of importance: 
 1. hSnestas : deprived of his c, 
 honestate spoliatus, Cic. : a favourer of 
 the rabble from, luitred of the c. enjoyed 
 by others, fautor infimi generis hominum 
 odlo alienae h., Liv. 2. auctoritas; 
 V. influence. 3. amplitiido : v. 
 
 DISTINCTION. V. Ground : 1. 
 
 ratio : there are not wanting in this 
 place an abundance ofc.s (reasons), non 
 deest hoc loco copia rationum, Cic. : to 
 this resolution, tlie following c, along 
 with other reasons, brought them, ad 
 earn sententiam, cum reliquis causis, 
 haec quoque r. eos deduxit, Caes. 2. 
 Expr. by 7>eut. of adj. ; esp. in pi. : 
 these c.s induced him to, etc., *baec eum 
 en dediaeruiit ut, etc. P h r. : from all 
 tliese c.s, quae cum ita sint, Caes. : Cic. 
 VI. -A payment: compensatio, 
 merces, pretium ; v. payment, compen- 
 sation. 
 
 considered, well (as adj.): i, 
 150 
 
 consideratus • Cic: v. co.nsidekate. 
 2. exquisitus (1. e, carefully sought 
 out) : to confirm by carefully c. reasons, 
 ex. raiinnihws contirmare, Cic. 
 
 considering (prep.) : 1, pro 
 (with abl.) ; c. llieir population, they 
 thought their territories limittd, pro 
 multitudine hominum, angustos se fines 
 habere arbitrabantur, Caes.: Liv. 2. 
 Expr. by ut : c. tliey a'^e Germans (a 
 qualifying clause), ut inter Germanos, 
 Tac. Ger. ^o; for which Caes. has ut 
 captus est Germauorum (see compara- 
 tively") : he ivas a good writer c. those 
 times, scriptor fuit, ut teniporibus illis, 
 luculentus, Cic. Br. 26, 102. 
 
 consign : mando, demando (Liv.) ; 
 trade; committo : v. to commit, de- 
 liver. Phr. : to c. goods, *merces ex 
 perscriptione ad aliquem mittere (.'). 
 
 consignment : esp. of goods (mere. 
 t. t.) : (.>)*merces alicui ex perscriptione 
 tradilae, missae. 
 
 consist : I. To be composed of: 
 
 1. consto, stiti, i (with ex or e, in, 
 or abl. alone) : since we c. of soul and 
 body, cum constemus ex aiiiroo et cor- 
 pore, Cic. ; the entire speech c.s of 
 clauses, c. tota oratio membris, yuint, 
 
 2. consisto, stiti, j (usu. with in 
 and abl.) : the greater part of their food 
 C.s of milk, cheese, fesh, major pars vic- 
 tus eorum in lacte, caseo, carne c, Caes. 
 
 3. contineor, tentus, i (to be bound 
 up in : foil, by abl.) : life which c.s of 
 body and spirit, vita quae corpore et 
 spiritu continetur, Cic. 4. tgneor, 2 
 (=3): that doss of duties c.s in the 
 society of men, id genus officiorum tene- 
 tur hominum societate, Cic. : to c. in 
 hope rather than in enjoyment, spe ma- 
 gis quam fructu teneri, Cic. 5. pOsi- 
 tum, sUum esse (with in and abl.) : see 
 you wherein c.s happiness f vides ubi sit 
 posita felicltas? Sen.: usu. = <o depend 
 upo7i (q. v.): all our strength c.s in 
 mind and body, nostra omnis vis in ani- 
 nio et corpore sita est. Sail.: think you 
 a happy life c.s in that, tu in eo sitam 
 vltam beatam putas? Cic: also, com- 
 positum esse ex. Sail. 6. suni (when 
 there is an adj. : cf. L. G. } 2'74) : a 
 spondee cs of two long syllables, spon- 
 deus est duabus longis syllabis, Cic. 
 the fleet c.'d of 1200 ships, classis erat 
 mille ducentarumnavium, Nep. Phr.: 
 
 \ part of his property c.'d in mmiey, par- 
 tem rei tamiliaris in ppcunia habebat. 
 Suet. II, To be in accordance with : 
 
 I congruo, convfinio, etc. : v. consistent, 
 
 TO BE. 
 
 consistence: I, Solidity: s61i- 
 
 dltas, densitas, spissltas, crassitudo : v. 
 
 THICKNESS. Phr.: houey has more c, 
 
 mellis constantior est iiatura, Lucr. 
 
 II. Agreement : v. foil. art. 
 
 consistency : 1. constantia : 
 
 more fully, conveniens et conjuncta c, 
 Cic. (also expr. by verb: qui sibi con- 
 stat: v. foil. art.). 2. aequabilitas : 
 c. in the whole of life and in particular 
 actions is most becoming, ae. universae 
 vitae turn singularum actionum maxime 
 decora est, Cic. 3. vitae ratio con- 
 stans (with ref. to the whole character) : 
 v. foil. art. N.B. lu conjunction with 
 constantia, or used as nearly synony- 
 mous with it, are found, esp. in Cic, the 
 words gra vitas, persfiverantia, stabilitas. 
 
 consistent: 1. constans, mis 
 c. reports, rumores c, Cic: the record 
 of this year is not very c, c. parum me- 
 moria liujus anni, Liv. Join: constans 
 et gravis ; tirmus et stabilis et constans : 
 Cic. But constans denotes firmness 
 and constancy rather than mere con- 
 sistency : see CONSTANT. In bad sense, 
 c. in one's faults, c. in vitiis, Hor. 2. 
 consentaneus : theories c. with them- 
 selves, disciplinae sibi c, Cic. : a man c. 
 both in life and in death, vlr vita et 
 morte c. Veil. Phr.: there is no for- 
 titude without a c. cliaracter, fortis ani- 
 mus sine constantia et aequabilitate 
 nuUus est, Cic. 
 
 • to be : 1. consentio, sensi, 
 
 scnsum, 4 (with pron. refl.) : the speech 
 is c, oratio secum c, Cic: the law is 
 
 c, lex sibi c. Quint. 2- cShaereo, 
 haesi, haesum, 2: the things are note. 
 (don't hold together), non cohaerent, 
 Ter. : Cic. 3. quadro, i : the tradi- 
 timi, because it is true, is c. through- 
 out, traditio, quia vera est, undique q., 
 Lact. : to be c. with the character oj that 
 woman, in istam q. apte, Cic. (who In 
 the same connexion has also cadere). 
 4. expr. by est and gen. (see L. 6. 
 $ 266) : Ae said it was nut c- with the 
 customs of the Greeks, negavit moris 
 esse Graecorum, Cic. 
 
 consistently : 1. constanter : to 
 speak c. and suitably to one's oun cha- 
 racter, sibi c. convenienterque dicere, 
 Cic Join also constanter et aequabi- 
 liter. 2. accommodate : see agree- 
 ably. Phr.: to act c. uith one's pro- 
 fessions, •eadem dicere et facere : c. 
 nrith the precepts of philosophy, "secun- 
 dum philosophiae praecepta : v. accord- 
 ing TO. 
 
 consistory : consistorium (prop, a 
 select council of the emperors): Auson. : 
 Amm.: in M. h. an assembly of bishops : 
 see Du Cange, s. v. 
 
 consociate : v. associate, 
 
 COnsolable : consolabilis, e : c. 
 grief, c. dolor, Cic. 
 
 consolation : I. The act of con- 
 soling : consolatlo, Cic. 1|. The matter 
 or means of consoling : 1, solatium 
 (often in pi.): these are the c.s, the al- 
 leviations of the greatest griefs, haec 
 sunt s., baec fomenta summorum dolor- 
 um, Cic: my age itself afforded me 
 great c, magnum afferebat mihi aetas 
 ipsa s., Cic. : cold c, trigida c, Ov. (fri- 
 gida fomenta, Hor.) : to sjtealc c, solatia 
 dicere, Ov. 2. I6vamentum : c. under 
 misery, I. miseriarum, Cic; 1. dolorig, 
 Plin.: in same sense also levatio and 
 levamen (less freq.), Plin. 3. inM- 
 icina (tig.) ; but I need tw c, I console 
 myself, sed non egeo medicina, ipse me 
 consolor, Cic 4. consolatio (see 
 supr.) : Cic. Sometimes it is difficult to 
 say whether the a.ct or the matter of 
 consolation is meant by this word : cf. 
 praeterita aetas nulla c. permulcere 
 potest siultam senectutem, Cic. Sen. 2, 
 4. Consolatio is the term applied to 
 formal discourses intended to console; 
 Cic: Sen.: v. comfort. Phr.: to refttse 
 c, *consolantes aversari, non audire, etc. 
 
 consolatory : consolatorius : Cic. : 
 a c. discourse, consolatio: v. preced. 
 art. Jin. Phr.: it is very c. to me, 
 magno, maximo mihi est solatio (see 
 L. G. ^ 297). 
 
 console (« .) •■ consolor, i : rarely 
 solor: v. TO comfort. Also expr. by 
 phr. : alicui solatia praebere, Cic. : Ov. ; 
 adhibere, Ov.: consolationem adhibere, 
 Cic. : this c.s me, hoc mihi est solatio, 
 Caes. Stronger are confirmo, to encour- 
 age, support ; excito, to cheer up : q. v. 
 
 console (subs.) : (!) ancon, onis, m. : 
 Juv. 
 
 consoler : 1. consolator : Cic 
 Serv. (Solalor only poet.) 2. esp. inpl., 
 imperf. part, of consolor : v. console. 
 
 consolidate : 1. cons6ildo, i : to 
 c. a wall into one thickness, parietem 
 in unam crassitudinem c, Vitr. 2. 
 solido, I : the threshing Jloor must be c.d 
 uith adhesive chalk, area creta solidanda 
 tenaci, Virg. (but the word is rare and 
 seldom used in act. voice). 3, firmo, 
 I: stabilio, 4: V. FIRM, TO make; to 
 ESTABLISH: to become C.d, s6lidesco, ;: 
 Plin. (rare). 
 
 consonance : consSnantia (rare) : 
 in fig. sense, concordia, convfinientia : v, 
 
 AGREEMENT. 
 
 consonant (adj.): |. in music: 
 1, consSnus: the c. strings of a 
 harp, c fila lyrae, Ov. 2. consdiians, 
 ntis: Vitr. ||, Fig.: congruus, con- 
 sentaneus, convfiniens : v. agreeing. 
 
 consonant (subs.) : consonans, both 
 with and without litera : Quint. 
 
 consort with : "tor, conversor, se 
 congregare : v. to associate with. 
 
 consort : '• e. husband or wife: con- 
 lux (c.) ; maritus, or uxor, etc : t. 
 
 SPOUSE.
 
 CONSPICUOUS 
 
 CONSTITUTE 
 
 CON STRUCT 
 
 conspicuous : 1. manTfeetus (ob- 
 vioitt to the eije or mind) : the houteliold 
 god* c. in a flood of light, peimtes multo 
 manifesii lumine, Virg. • v. plain, >ia- 
 NiFfST. (Not used of celebrity.) 2. 
 connplcuus (ofien = notorious) : a stand- 
 ard c. in liattles, slgniirn In praeliis c, 
 Pbacdr ; his ru:he$ made him c. ttt the 
 Romans, Romanis eiini c. divjtiae facle- 
 bani. Liv. 3. ttJiispIciendus (i. e. 
 attracting attentiim) ■ let him sit c. ojt 
 a su-ift horse, InslUeut celeri c. equo, 
 Ov. 4. conspectus (object of atten- 
 tion) : most cimfpicuous was he himself, 
 riding into the city in a chariot vith a 
 team of vhite horses, maxime c. ipse est 
 cnmi equls albisjuncto urbcm invectus, 
 Liv. Simly. <o be c, with verb: to be 
 c. fighting splendidly, conspici pupiian- 
 tern egregle, L\\. 6. Inslgnis, e (esp. 
 In poets): he decorated him vilh a c. 
 garment, in. euin vesle adomavit, Liv. : 
 c. in purple and gold, ostro In. et auro, 
 Virg.: very c, praesignis, e: ve)-y c. 
 bodily defects, pr. corporis pravllates, 
 Cic. (rare). To these may be added il- 
 lustris, clams, ni5iBS, etc. : v. FAMOUS. 
 
 conspicuously '• I'hr.: to be c. 
 visible, peril, omnibus manifestnm esse ; 
 ab omnibus cons|)lcl : v. cossi'iciocs. 
 Somi-times =- notoriously : insigniter, 
 Sgregie, e.\lmiH: v. resiakkablv. Or 
 expr. by adj. (.-oe I,, (i. $(42) : Ae rides 
 c. through the sti tets, •omnibus conspec- 
 ttis (consplciendus) per vlas vehltur. 
 
 conspiracy : 1. conjuratio (always 
 In bad sense) : a c. against the republic, 
 c. contra rempubllcam.Cic. : to form a c. 
 of tite nobility, c. nobililutis faore, 
 Caes. : to crush a c, c. oppriniere, Suet. : 
 the leadets of a c, capita co^juraIionis, 
 l.lv. (Not conspiratio or conscnsio, 
 which denote an agreement 0< any 
 kind.) 2. c<3Uio (of conspiracy a(/aiH«t 
 au individual) : Cic. Clu. 54, 148. 
 Phr. : to enter into a c against the 
 state, coiyurare contra rcmpublicani, 
 Cic; patriam incendere, Sail.: to enter 
 into a c. against an individual [legal], 
 coire. convenire quo quis judicio publico 
 condemnaretur, Cic. Clu. I. c. (conjurare 
 may be used of conspiracy to murder: 
 Quint.). 
 
 conspirator ; 1. conjuratus (part. 
 used as subs. ; mostly in pi.) : a band 
 of cs, manus conjuratorum, Cic. 2. 
 particeps conjurationis (populares scel- 
 erls sui. Sail. Cat. 22: elsewhere he 
 •uses socii). 3- conjuratio (a band <f 
 c.s): Cic. Cat. i, 6, u. 4. (In pi.) 
 conspirati (rare): Suet. 
 
 conspire : I. To combine, agree : 
 conspiro, consentio : v. to A<;iiF.K. ||, 
 To join in a conspiracy : 1. conjuro, 
 1: to c. nnth any one for the commis- 
 sion of any atrocity and crimf. cum 
 allquo in omne flagiliuni et facinus c, 
 Liv. : Cie. : v. coksi'Ihacy (^/in.). 2. 
 consentio, sensi, sensuin, 4 (in good or 
 bad sense) : to c. lo bum dov-n the city, 
 urbem infiammare c, Cic. : v. to agrkk 
 TOGETHER. 3. c6co. 4 = f>f Conspiracy 
 in the legal sense: Cic. Clu. 54, 148 (see 
 the passage). 4. conspiro, i (to agree.: 
 q. v.): many states c.d, plures civitaies 
 consplrarunl, Caes. : to c. to do a urong, 
 in injuriam c, Liv.: to c. against 
 Augustus, in Augustutn c. Suet.: tliey 
 c.d to attaclc the senate, conspiraverunt 
 ut senaiiim adorlreniur, Suet 5. Juro, 
 1 (rare) : they c.d to kill tJie barbartans, 
 jurarunt inter se barbaros necare, Cato 
 in Plln. Fig.: against me have c.d 
 sleep, the wind, and fidelity, in me Jur- 
 arunt somnus ventusque fidesque, Ov. 
 
 constable : I. -^ royal ofi cer : 
 
 •constubularius, L e. comes stabuli or 
 count of the (royal) stable: see liu 
 Cange, s. v. ||. An inferior magis- 
 
 trate or officer : perh. dgciirlo (which is 
 properly a captain of ten) or praelectu> 
 (a general term for an officer of any 
 kind) • or expr. by triumviri, quatuor- 
 Tirl, etc., according to the number. 
 PrcT. phr. to out)i<n <Ae c, solvendo 
 [acre alienoj non esse, Cic. • Liv. 
 
 constancy: 1. constantla: strength- 
 ened with slabilitas steadiness and c. of 
 
 good-irill, stabllitas et c. benevolentlae, 
 Cic. Or expr by corresponding adj. : 
 it is the part of courage and c, fonts 
 et constanils est. Cir. : u-itli c. c. mcnte. 
 Cat.; constanti lidf, Ov. : v. constant. 
 2. hrmlias- the c. of the nise man, 
 f. sapieiitis, Cic. Join- virlus et 
 firmita.H, firmlias el consUintia, Cic.: v 
 FiBMNtss. 3. (when fidelity Is in- 
 tendid) : fides. 6i, /. Join fides et 
 consiantiu; fides hdelllasque - Cic. 4. 
 pcrstverantia, pertlnacla: v. fkeseve- 
 rance. I' h r. . vith c, constantcr, Cic. : 
 lo shahe from one's c, mente qualere 
 solida, Hor. 
 
 constant : I. fixed, unchanged : 
 
 I, I onstans, tis : v. rrgui.ar. 2. 
 stSMlls, e: opinion would not continue 
 so c, non tarn s. opinio permaneret, 
 Cic: very c. (or regular) profit, stiibi- 
 lisslmus quaestus, Cato. 3. fimius : 
 often with some other word: as, firml 
 et stabiles et constantes amici, Cic. 4. 
 fidus. fldells: i. e. faithful (q. v.). 
 
 5, Indgclinatiis (rare) . c. to your 
 friend, ind. amico, Ov. ||, Incessant 
 (q. V.) peii>fituus, coniinuus (unbrolcen, 
 uninterruptetf) : v continual, per- 
 petual. 
 
 constantly: [. Firmly, tteadily: 
 censtanter, timiTler: v. khimly. ||. 
 Perpetually: assidiie, perpCioo: T. CON- 
 tinualxy 
 
 constellation : 1. bMus, Sris. n. 
 
 (also used <if the ft/n and mor/n. Virg.)) 
 tliose eternal Jires which ye call c.s and 
 stars, illi sempitemi ignes quae s. et 
 Stellas vociitis, Cic: the c. of Ute goat, 
 caprae sidera, Hor. 2. astnim (chiefly 
 poet.) : through the tuelve c.s, per duo- 
 dena astra, Virg. to be bom under the 
 same c. uno a. esse, Cic. 3. signum 
 (also chiefly poet.) : beneath the moving 
 cs of the heaven, coeli subter labentia s., 
 Lucr. : but used in prose of the twelve 
 "signs" of the Zodiac: in the c. of tlte 
 lion, in s. leonls, Cic. Hence, the circle 
 of the C.S, i. e. the zodiac, signifer orbis, 
 Cic. 
 consternation : 1. pavor : i. e. 
 
 paiiic,fear,(\. \. 2. trCpidatio. an 
 
 uvexpect'd occurrence caused more c, 
 nee opinata res plus trcpidationi.-s fecit, 
 Liv. . the c. and Jlight of the enemy, tr. 
 fugaque hostium, Liv. • Tac. To be in 
 c, trepfdo, i ; esp. in pass, impeis. : 
 theie is c. throughout the camp, totis 
 trepidatnr castris, C:tes. 3. conster- 
 iiatio- usu., in good writers, with some 
 other word ; as, pavor et c, Liv. piivor 
 et c. mentis, Tac. 4. perturhutio : v. 
 disturbance, confusion. Phr.. to be 
 in a state of c. (besides trepiilare. v. 
 supr.), stiipere, i. e. to be confounded, 
 deprired of self-possession. 
 
 constipated : ahum astrictam, dur- 
 aiii, coinprc ss;»m hal)ens : v. full art. ; 
 cui non descendit alvus, cui non satis 
 alvus reddit quotidie : based on Ctls. . 
 
 V. W)\VELS. 
 
 constipation : genus morbi astrict- 
 um ; alvus astricUi, astrictior ; com- 
 pre.ssa Cels. Phr.- latxmr and se- 
 dentary occupation prodi'Ce c. ahum 
 astrlnglt labor, sedile, O'ls. : to relieve 
 c, ahum solvere, Cels. ; alvum re- 
 laxare, Cic. 
 
 constituent ('"O-)-" "su. with the 
 
 wuriia parts, elemaits : elementa; paries 
 ex qulbus ahquid conflaiur, efficitur, 
 constat, Cic. Or expr. by verb the c. 
 pai ts of this mixture are, *haec niixlura 
 sic eflicitur ; banc mixturam sic com- 
 
 ponilO V. TO COMPOSE, tX)NSI9T. 
 
 constituent (subs.) : usu. in pi. : 
 may sometinies be expr. by cives or 
 municlpcs : more precisely, 'qui sena- 
 torem [legaluin] creaverunt, feccrunt, 
 eltgertint v. elector. 
 
 constitute : I. To set. fx. esta- 
 blish : constituo, st&tuo. Instltuo, ordino, 
 designo: see to arrange, appoint 
 
 II, To form or compose (the essence 
 of a thing) compOno, conllcio v. to 
 COMPOSE. III. To appoint : 1. lego, 
 I - to appoint as a deputy : v. to de- 
 pute. 2. creo, ficio : of elections : 
 V. to elect. 
 
 constitution : I. of body or 
 
 other thiiiyi : \. Iiahitu>, is : <^. Jfc- 
 
 tellus. II hen in his primr. urth the best 
 c. and the greatest itrei't/th. uas taken 
 away, y. Met<llus qnum florerei opiimo 
 h., maximis viribus. ereptus est, Cic: 
 entrails, frr/nt nhnre c. and colour fu- 
 turity is kvou-n. exta, quorum ex h. et 
 colore fntura i)ercipiunlur, Cic. 2. 
 affectio (not necritariiy f^ermanent: v. 
 affection) a stnmg c. if the tody, 
 firma 1 orporis a., Cic. . such a c. of the 
 tout, animi talis a.. Cie. 3. constlt- 
 Qtiu a itrong tiodihy c. fimia c cor- 
 p<irls, Cic. 4. corpus. Oris. n. (niosily 
 used wiih the preceding): a man wtik 
 a good c. cui corpus Nne conslltuliun 
 est, Cic. : u eataiess oj c. (not necessarily 
 permanent), infirmltas corp<jrls, Cic 
 Brut. 91, ji; : of an almost iron c, 
 ferrel prope corporis, Liv. to injure 
 one^s c, corporis habltum vitiare, Cels. 
 5. natura: the c. of Uiivgs, i.e. 
 nature, n. rerum, Cic. weakly loth from 
 ill-health and natuial t., et valetudine 
 et natura infimilor, Cic 6. conditio 
 (of things in general ; not of bodily c): 
 suited to the latv and c. of nature, ad 
 Jus cque naturae apium, Cic. : v. con- 
 dition. II. (ordinance established ; 
 law: constitutio: esp. ol what are 
 called the Apostolical c.s, c. Apostolicae: 
 v. statute. Ill, Established form of 
 government : reipublicae s. civitatU 
 genus, status, v. GO\ ernmf.nt (IIL): 
 also respublica or dvlias alone: and 1 
 have con rinced myself that .\uma laid 
 the foundations of our c, mlbique ila 
 persuasi Numam fundamenta jecisse 
 nostrae civitatis, Clc: according U> the 
 British c, 'secundum leges civitatis 
 Briiannicae • there vas as yet no c, 
 nondum lundata legibus respublica ei:at, 
 Milt. Def. 
 
 constitutional : I. Of govem- 
 
 meirt : according to law : legltlmus : to 
 have c. authority, I. imperium habere, 
 Cic. Phr.: to exercise c. rule, *ex 
 legibus, nonnlsi ex leglbu.s, imperare. 
 II. Inherent in the constitution : 
 ingSnItus, innatus, natura insltus: v. 
 
 innate, CONGEMTy L. 
 
 constitutiona. ly : I. Lau fully: 
 
 legitime • i. e. acconling to the laws : to 
 rule justly and c. Juste et 1. imperare, 
 Cic: 'ex legibus civitatis constituUs. 
 II. By nature: naturfi: c. weak, 
 strong, nainrfi inbrmus, robustus: see 
 constitution (1.). 
 
 constrain : cogo (usu foil, by iiysn.), 
 conipillo. im})ello (usu. with ut and 
 sulij.): V. to force, compel. 
 
 constrained (as adj.) ; 1. e. unna- 
 tural, unuilling : P h r. to laugh in a 
 c. manner, invitis, alienls malls, ridere 
 (cf. Hor. S. 2, J, 72) ; hcto risu. vultu; 
 (?) invito genio ridere (cf. Hor. A. P. 
 j85): c. beliaviour, 'gestus non satli 
 llbt rl (?). 
 
 constraint: '• «• compulsion (q v.): 
 usu. in phr. by eonstioiit : invitus : r. 
 uas put upon him, 'baud libtnter fecit : 
 
 V. U.NW II.I.IN(.LV. 
 
 constriction: constrictio: Macr. .- 
 see also odntraction. 
 
 construct: 1. fabricorand fabrlco, 
 I (lis dep. Ill Tie, Tac, etc. : as r. act. 
 chiefly in poets and lale writers) i. e. 
 to niaJie u ith sirill, esp. of a mtchanical 
 kind: to make or c. man. hominem 
 fingere vel fabrioiri, Cic. Acad. 2, j-j, 87 
 (see the passage) : to c. bridges, ladders, 
 pontes, scalas I., Tac : to c. a raft, ra- 
 tem fabricare, Pbaedr. : to c. >• ords, i. e. 
 a speech, verba fabricare. yuinl. 2, 
 struo, construo, instruo, exstruo, xi, 
 ctum, }: v. to build, form, arkanc.k. 
 Join: consli-uere ntque aidificare, Clc. 
 8. laclo, feci, tactum, f : to c a 
 bridge, pontem f., Oies. v. to build, 
 MAKE. 4. ci^nstitiiii, ul, iilum, j (of 
 that which ba.s a definite plan : so also 
 \ insiituo). to c. sirge-tourrs, turres c, 
 1 Caes. : to c. an equilaleivl triangle, tri- 
 augulum aeqtiis lateribus c, Vjulnt. - to 
 c. an argument (i. e. to anange its 
 parts), ratioclnatlonem c. yulnt. 5, 14, 
 1 2. 5. contexo, ni, xtiun, } . v. TO 
 151
 
 CONSTRUCT I O N 
 
 CONSUMING 
 
 OONTAG lOUS 
 
 -rRAME. Phr. : to c. a rampart from 
 the camp to the sea, vallum ex castris ad 
 mare ducere, Caes. (cf. Eng. to carry a 
 wall). In gram. : *construo, jungo. 
 
 constraction : I. The act of con- 
 
 ttrucling : fabricatio, oonstructio : Cic. 
 (Or by ger of verbs = to construct: 
 1- ^■) II. The form or plan of uhat is 
 constructed : 1. fabricatio : tc see 
 
 through or exam.ine the xhole c. of man, 
 totam hominis f. perspicere, Cic. 2. 
 structQra ■ the c. of the nails, parietum 
 s., Caes. : reticuUited (net-like) c, s. 
 reticulata, Plin. : Vitr. 3. figura, 
 
 forma: v. FORM, shape (cf. Cic. N. I). 
 2, 54, iJJ). 4. confonnatio : thee. 
 of a tteatre, c. tbeatri, Vitr. |f|. In 
 grammar: constructio (i. e. qccorditig 
 to the rul£S of Syntax) : Prise. : M. L. 
 IV. Sense, meaning : 1, iiiter- 
 pretatio : to put now one c. (upon a 
 thing), now another, hue illuc trabere 
 interpretationem, Tac. H. j, J : (unfair) 
 c.s of conduct by uformers, interpre- 
 tationes deiatorum, Tae. : an unfavour- 
 able c. VX13 put upon greatness, sinistra 
 crga eminentes int., Tac. Agr. 5. 2. 
 sensus, lis; sententia : v. sense, mean- 
 ing. 3. pars, partis, /. (in certain 
 phrases) : to put tin: more faimtrable. 
 the best, c. on anything, aliquid miti- 
 orem in partem interpretari, in opti- 
 mam partem accipere, Cic. Phr.: to 
 put a certain c. on anything, inter- 
 pretari, accipere : v. supr. : you put a 
 light c. upon (this), recte accipis, I'er. 
 
 constructive : no exact word : 
 Phr.: c. genius, *ingenium ad rerum 
 fabrieationem aptum ; mens fabricatrix : 
 c. treason, perh. 'proditionis crimen quod 
 in conjectura continetiir : or, majeslatis 
 interpretatio : cf. construction (IV.) : 
 
 V. TREASON. 
 
 construe : I. Gram. t. t .- to 
 
 arrange words so as to translate them : 
 construo, xi, ctuni, j : I'risc. ||. To 
 interpret in a certain tray : interpretor, 
 acclpio : esp. with, in bonam. malam, 
 partem, etc. : v. construction (fin.). 
 
 COnsubstantial : consubstantialis, 
 e : Eccl. 
 
 consul: I. Rod an: consul, siilis-. 
 to appoint c.s, cons .les creare (often 
 used of the presiding magistrate), Liv. : 
 c. elect (but not actually in office), c. de- 
 slgnatus, Cic. : Liv. : a c. chosen in the 
 place of one deceased, c. suffectus, Liv. : 
 c. for the second time, consul iterum, 
 Cic. : simly. c. tertium, quartuni, etc. : 
 when Manluis uas c, consule Manlio, 
 Hor. : V. consulate : one who has been 
 c, consiilarls : Cic. : an assembly for 
 the election of c.s, comitia consularia, 
 Cic. : a c.'s house, consularis domus, 
 Plin. : a c.'s nife, feniina consularis. 
 Suet. II. Modem : no exact term ; 
 the Romans relying upon the protection 
 of their name of Roman citizens, or of 
 their ordinary magistrates. The Greek 
 trpofei'O! does not appear to have been 
 adopted In Lat. perhaps the nearest 
 word is curator (not procurator, which 
 would be taken for a governor). 
 
 consulate, consulship : 1. con- 
 
 stllatus, us : to be a candidate for the c, 
 c petere, Cic. : to obtain the c, c. adip- 
 isci, Cic. When a date is to be given 
 use consul in aid. absol. -. as, in the c. of 
 Messala and Fiso, Alessala et Pisone 
 consulibus (Coss.), Caes. : Cic. 2. 
 
 fasces, iuni (liy meton. : poet.) : to 
 confer, take away the c, fasces deferre, 
 detrahere, Hor. 
 
 consult : I. To ask adrice : 1. 
 consulo, ui, sultum, j (with ace, to 
 take any one's opinion : with d/it., to 
 consult his interests): nor do I c. you 
 about that, nee te id (cf. L. G. } 2;}) 
 consulo, Cic. : to c. Apollo on the sub- 
 ject, ApoUinem de re c, Cic. : to c. one's 
 glass, speculum suum c, Ov. Ksp. of 
 lawyers; those icho are usually c.'d 
 about civil law, ii qui de jure civlli con- 
 suli solent, Cic. ; also of deliberative 
 assemblies: to c. the senate respecting 
 the treaty, senatum de foedere c, Sail. . 
 Cic 2. consilior, t (rare): usu. 
 
 abeol. ; to take counsel : Cic. . Caes. 
 XS2 
 
 3. r6f?ro, tuli, latum, j (with ad: 
 esp. of consulting the senate -. the matter 
 about which witn de): concerning which 
 the consuls trill, I hope, c. the senate, de 
 quo consules spero ad senatum rela- 
 turos, Cic: also of consulting a deity: 
 I am of opinion that ue ought to c. 
 Apollo respecting obscure and uncertain 
 things, de rebus et obscuris et incertis 
 ad Apollinem censeo referendum, Cic. 
 (but in this sense usu. consulo ; v. supr.). 
 
 4. adeo, ivl and Ii, iiuni, 4 : esp. in 
 phr., to c. the Sibylline books, adire libros 
 Sibyllinos, Liv. ||. To be engaged in 
 consultation (intr.) : 1. delibero, 1 : 
 
 V. TO UELIBER.4TE. 2. COUSlllor, I 
 
 (rare) : they conversed for the purpose of 
 c.ing, consiliandi causa collocuti sunt, 
 Caes. : Cic. : Hor. 3. consulto, i : 
 they examine or c. vhether tfuit about 
 ivhich they are considering is or is ruit 
 beneficial, anquirunt aut c. conducat id 
 necne de quo deliberant, Cic. Join: 
 deliberare et consultare : Cic. Also 
 expr. by consilium capere, etc. : v. 
 COUNSEL. III. Toe. for the interests 
 of: 1, consulo, J (fwith dat.) : they 
 c. the interests of a part of the citizens, 
 the others they neglect, parti civium c, 
 partem negligunt, Cic. : / uas c.ing my 
 out} dignity, liignitati nieae consuJebam, 
 Cic. : to c. the interests of the state as 
 much as one's oun, reipublicae juxta ac 
 sibi c. Sail. 2. servio, 4 (somewhat 
 stronger : also inservio) : to c. any one's 
 convenience, commodis alicujns s., Cic. : 
 to c. brevity, brevitati s., Cic. : v. to 
 
 ATTEND TO (6, 7). 3, prospiclo, J: 
 
 1. e. to look out for, have regard to : 
 with dat. : Cic. : v. to provide. 
 consultation: 1. consuitatio: to 
 
 reply to a c, consultatioiii respondere, 
 Cic. 2. deliberatio : v. deliberation. 
 3. expr. by ger. : during c, inter 
 consulendum ; in order to hold a c, ad 
 consuleiidmn, consiliandi causa : v. to 
 CONSULT. Phr.: c.s vere often held 
 in the senate, saepe in senatu consilia 
 versata sunt, Cic. : to hold c. together, 
 inter se consulere : v. to co'NSUlt. To 
 call upon any one for the purpose of c, 
 convenire : Cic, 
 
 Consulter: consultor, Cic (esp. the 
 c. of a lawyer, Hor.) ; or expr. by 
 imperf. part. 
 
 consulting - barrister : .iflnscon- 
 suUus ; juris legumque peritus : v. 
 
 LAWIEB. 
 
 consumable : <1ti"«l incendio con- 
 sumi, etc.. possii v. to consume. 
 
 consume : I. To destroy ; esp. of 
 fire: 1, consumo, sumpsi, sumptum, 
 3 . to c. et-erythivg by flame, onmia 
 flamnia c, Caes. : v. to destroy. 2. 
 absunio, j : in pass. : flammis absunii, 
 Liv. 3, liaurio, si, stum, 4 (v. to 
 swallow trp) : the conflagration c.d the 
 mound and the manthts, aggerem ac 
 viiieas incendiura hausit, Liv, 4. In 
 pass. : deflagro, eonflagro, 1 : v to be 
 burnt down : by disease, tabesco, j : v. 
 to waste awat. II. To use up : 1. 
 consiinio, } : toc.a large part of the day, 
 magnam partem diei c, Cic. : to c. corn, 
 frumenta c, Caes. 2. absumo, ? . in 
 same sense: Ter. : Hor. 3. abutor, 
 
 usus, J (with abl.): to c. all mu:'s time, 
 omnl tempore ab., Cic: v. to spend. 
 Phr.: to c. all one's property, bona 
 patria consumere, dissipare ; lacerare 
 (Sail.) : V. TO squander. III. To waste 
 slouiy: 1. p6r6do, j: whom harsh 
 love c.d with cruel irasting, quos durus 
 amor crudeli tabe peredit, Virg. : v. to 
 waste. 2. conficio, feci, j ; v. to 
 wear oirr. destroy. 
 
 consumer : I. Destroyer : can- 
 
 sumptor ( v. rare) : Cic. : or adj., as edax 
 (with gen.) : v. DEVouker. ||. One 
 who uses or buys comnwdities : perh. 
 emptor: v. BUYER. 
 
 consuming (adj.): l. edax (in 
 this sensH poet.): c.fire, e. ignis, Virg.: 
 time c. all things, tempus e rerum, Ov. 
 2. confeetor, confectrix (destroying) : 
 Cic. has, confeetor et consumptor om- 
 nium ignis, N. I). 2, 15, 41 ; and Lact.. 
 confectrix rerum omnium vetustas, "j, 
 
 1 1, med. (N.B. Consumens should not 
 be used alone, but omnia consumens is 
 correct.) 3. tabidus (of diseases: 
 
 wasting the body) : a c. poison, t. venen- 
 um, Tac- a c. plague, t. lues, Virg.; 
 also tabllTcus : Cic. 
 consummate C^) •• 1. consummo, 
 
 I • V. TO FINISH, COMPLETE. 2. 
 
 cumulo, I (i. e. to heap up full) : to be 
 wanting to c. my joy, ad cumulandum 
 gaudium mihi deesse, Cic. 3. simly. 
 cumulum afferre: to c. any one'6 joy, 
 alicul cumulum gaudii af. (= gaudium 
 cumulare), Cic. : so with addere, etc. 
 4, absolve, conficio. perficio ; per- 
 fectum cumulatumq. reddere . v. cosi- 
 PLETE (v. and adj.). Phr. . my exces- 
 sive joy will be c.d by his arrival, ad 
 sumniam laetitiam meam magnus ex 
 illius advenlu cumulus accedet, Cic. : v. 
 
 TO CROWN. 
 
 consummate (adj.) : 1. consum- 
 
 matus (Jiniahed, perfect) : C. eloquence, 
 c eloquentia, Quint. . c. art, ars c, 
 Plin. 2. summus (of the highest 
 
 rank or excellence) : a c. and perfect 
 general, s. atque perfeetus imperator, 
 Cic. 3. perfeetus, absOlBtus : v. t>EB- 
 FECT. Phr.: ac. rogue, *homo nequis- 
 simus ; in nequitiis exercitatissimus ; 
 malis artibus peniius imbutus atque ex- 
 ereitatus . v. knave ; perfect, com- 
 plete. 
 
 consummately: perfecte, absolfite 
 V. coJiPLETELY. Or cxpr. by abl.: as, 
 summa arte ; sumnia soUertia ; insigni 
 artificio: v. SKILL. 
 
 COnsummationj I. Completion: 
 ahsolutio, consummatio : v. completion. 
 Phr.; that victory was the c. of his 
 hopes, •attulit ei ilia victoria spei cu- 
 mulum : the c. of his gliiry was, etc., 
 sunima summarnm in ilia gloria fnit, 
 
 Plin. : v. TO CON.SUMMATE (3). ||, 
 
 1 J:'nd : exTtus, finis, etc. : v. end. 
 I consumption : |. -Act of con- 
 I suming, etc. : prob. only in senses of 
 the verbs, to use up, to waste an ay (see 
 TO CONSUME) : 1. consumplio (a using 
 up): Cic. 2. confeclio (wasting, de- 
 stroying) : c. of health and strength 
 (by licentiousness), c. valetndinis, Cic 
 Phr.: after the c. of all the provisions, 
 omni re frumentaria eonsumpta, etc. : 
 V. TO CONSUME. II. A disease: 1, 
 cachexia, atrophia: CoeJ. 2. pt'li'sis 
 pulmonaria (/«<'»ion<(»-i/c.); Cels. : Plin. 
 3, tabes (general term denoting all 
 vasting of the body) : v. wasting. 
 
 consumptive : l- e. affected with 
 crmsumptum or partaking of its nature: 
 in former sense, atrOphus : Plin. : cachec- 
 ticus. cacheetJi : Plin.: In either sense: 
 phthisicus: Plin.: Mart To be c, 
 phtliisi, cachexia, tabe laborare . v. coN- 
 sujiPTioN : (phthisicare, Sidon.). 
 
 contact: contactus, US: with ref. 
 to injection, contagio, contagium : v. 
 CONTAGION. Phr.: to be biought into 
 c. with anything, contingere : almost to 
 be brought into c. nith the earth (of the 
 moon), terram paene c, Cic. : when the 
 extremities are brought into c, •ex- 
 tremis piutibus inter se Junctis, applici- 
 tis: the point of c. between two circles 
 *qua parte inter se contingunt circuli 
 duo : Kr. gives *punctum contactus, as 
 geometrical t. t. 
 
 contagion: '• e. infection by con- 
 tact : 1. contactus, us (contact of 
 any Idnd) : diseases made epidftnic by 
 c, vulgati contactu in homines morbi, 
 Liv. 2. contagium: the c. of defense, 
 niorbi c, Lucr. : often in pi. ■ the c. of 
 the neighbouring flock, contagia vicini 
 pecoris, Virg. : Plin. 3, contagio 
 (esp. in fig. sense) ; [the disease] destroys 
 the whole flock by c, tiniversum gregem 
 contagione prostcrnit. Col. Kig. : the 
 c. of baseness or disgrace, pillage, guilt, 
 c. turpitudinis, praedae, sceleris, Cic: 
 the c. (of war) had spread to the netgh- 
 bouring peoples of Umbna, traxerat c. 
 proximos Umbriae populos, Liv. : Sail. 
 (contagium is rare in this sense). 
 
 contagious: contaglosus; Veg.Vet. 
 Usu. better expr. by verb: a c. dw- 
 ease, morbus qui contactu in bominM
 
 CONTAGIOUSNESS 
 
 CONTEMPTIBLE 
 
 CONTENT, TO BE 
 
 Tulgatur, Liv. : these diseases are v* c, 
 •nulla sunt lioniin inortxinini contiigia ; 
 hi morbi coritaRlis non propagiinliir in 
 homines. (Hiu In technical Laiin, con- 
 tagiosus should I*- \ised.) Klg. : a c. 
 txampU:, quod late nvinut, of. Cic. Cat. 
 4, i, 6; also, quod late patet; i.e. has 
 proved to t>e c: v. to spiikad : ruithing 
 is more c. than vice, •nuUius rel certior 
 (pemiciosior) cmtaKlo quam nialoruin 
 morura : a c. disease, tabes, lies : v. 
 
 PESTILENX'K. 
 
 contagiousness : may often ))e 
 expr. by cuniagia (jil-): to fear the. <;. 
 of a disease, •conlagia morbl metuere; 
 c. of gain, c. lucri, Hor. Kp. i, 12. 14. 
 in I he same way Cic. has, contiiglunibus 
 nialoruni, Off. :, 2J, 80. (See L. Q. 
 J 591.) I'hr. there is no doiiht of the 
 c. of some disensis, non dubluiu est quiii 
 nonnulll niorbl tales sint ut in homines 
 contactu vulgentur: v. contaoious. 
 
 contain : |. To hohi, as a vessel ■ 
 1. capio, cCpi, captum, ? : vhat 
 a croud there is ! our house tvill scarce 
 c. it, quid tnrbae est ! aedes noslrae 
 vix caplent, 'I'er. : Cic : Hor. : v. to 
 iioi,D. Hence, capable of cing, cipax 
 (with gen.) : a circus capable (f c.ing a 
 people, circus capax popull, Ov. : Cic. : 
 v. foil. an. 2. contineo, ui, tentuni, 
 2 : the line c.s a hundred feet, linea 
 centum c pedes. Quint,: all things 
 which are twurished and gioir, c. in 
 themselves the force of heat, omnia quae 
 aluntur et crescunt c. in se vim caloris, 
 Cic. 3. habeo, 2 : Tartarus c.s the 
 ton nf Fanthus, Tartar.i h. Panthoiden, 
 Hor. : wliat did that book c. uhich could 
 be useful to you f quid tandem habuit 
 liber iste, quod tibi usui es.se posset? 
 Cic. 4. Insum, fui, esse (inverting 
 the sentence) : my purse c.'d 800 aurei, 
 numi octingenti aurel in marsupio in- 
 fuerunt, I'l. ; the island nf Cn-te c.s a 
 hundred cities, *insunt in CreUi insula 
 urbes centum. 5. comprghindo, di, 
 sum, }: its circuit cs tuo ami thirty 
 stades, circuitus ejus triginta et duo 
 stadia c, Curt.: v. to include, com- 
 prise. II. To hold in check: 1. 
 contineo, 2 (esp. in pass, or with pron. 
 rejl.): J can hardli/ c. myself, vi.\ con- 
 tineor, vix me contineo : usu. foil, by 
 quin: Ter. : Cic. 2. retineo, tempgro 
 (esp. v/ith pron reJl. in dat.) : v. to re- 
 frain, FOKBEAK. Adj. : unable to c. 
 (or control) muself, impotens : Cic. 
 
 containing: esp.ol measures: cSpax, 
 acis (with gen.): v. to contain (1.): 
 also used with ad : a cup c. three pints, 
 calix c. ad tres sextarios, Plin. Also 
 sometimes expr. by gen. of subs, and 
 ad^. : a ship c. more than joo measures, 
 navis quae plus quam trecentarum ani- 
 phorarura essei, Liv. (but not without a 
 subs. : see L. G. } 274) : I'lin. has am- 
 plioraiis in the sense of c. one amphora ; 
 simly., congiarius, congialis is capable of 
 c. a coiigius. 
 
 contaminate : 1. contamino, i : 
 
 to c. i/nesilf se c. (scelere), Cic. : the 
 patricia7Ui thought their blood uas c.d, 
 contaminari sauguinem .suuin patres re- 
 bantur, Liv. 2. Inciuiuu, i : v. to 
 POLLUTE. 3. spiirco, conspurco ; com- 
 maciilo : v. to defile. 
 
 contaminating (ad;.); Phr. : to 
 shun the c. influence of vice, *monim 
 pravorum coniagiones vitare cf. (;ox- 
 tagiousness nothing is more c, *nlliil 
 aptius ad homines contiminandos est. 
 N.B. Not contamliians without an object. 
 
 contamination: 1. comaminaiio 
 
 (rare): Ulp. 2. contagia, contagi- 
 <5nes: v. contagiousnkss. 3. immun- 
 ditiae, arum : i. e. I'ollution (q. v.). 
 Ph r. : to stiiie hard to escape the c. of 
 vice, •magnopere eniii ne vitiis (qui^) se 
 contamiiiet, comniaculet . v. to con- 
 taminate. 
 contemn: conlcmno, temno(rare). 
 
 speruo: V. TO DKSl'lSK. 
 
 contemner: contemptor, m. ,- -trix, 
 /. : V. UEsiM.siH. 
 
 contemplate: 1. considero. i: 
 V. coNsiDEK. 2. contemplor, i (usu. 
 ofsteaci^^cueof eyeorniind) ; ue lookeit 
 
 up at the sky ami c.d the heaveidy bodies, 
 coelum suspc.\imu», coel»stiaque con- 
 lemplati sumus, Cic. to c. that mentally 
 V hich you cannot ocularly, id aniuio c , 
 (luod oculis non potes, Cic. (Considero 
 is generally use<l of consideration pre- 
 paratory to actum ; as, considerare quid 
 agas, Cic. . contemplor is used of quiet 
 ciintempUUion ; esp. of what is presented 
 to the imagination : Habicht, $ 862.) 
 3. intueor, contueor, 2: to gaze 
 AT. N.B. Most of the verbs for to am- 
 trniplate are frequently used with animo 
 or mente ; as mente inluerl, contemplarl 
 animo, animo et cogltallone contemplari, 
 etc. ; also, cum animo: v. TO consider. 
 
 contemplation: 1. contempistio. 
 
 the c. of the sky, coeli c, Cic Joined 
 with conslderatio : the consideration and 
 c. of nature, consideratio contempla- 
 tloqne naturae, Cic. 2. nigditatio: 
 V. STUDV. P h r. : so blind in c, tarn 
 caecus in conlemplandis rebus, Cic. : a 
 life of c, vita contemplaliva : v. foil. art. 
 contemplative : contemplailvus : 
 Sen. Plir. : fc /ffO'/ a c. /(/"<;, in contem- 
 platione studia pouere, Cic. : a c. person, 
 •ctiiitemplationibus dediius : tn a c, 
 mood, cofcitabundus. Cell. 
 
 contemplatively : I'xpr. with part. 
 
 adj.: to stand c. in one place, in ilsdem 
 vestigiis stare cogitabunduin. Gell. 2, i 
 (see the passiige). Contemplabundus is 
 found in Tert. 
 
 contemplator : contemplator: Cic. 
 (rare). 
 
 contemporary: 1. aequaits, e 
 
 (usu. with aetas. tempus, or some such 
 word : coiistr. with gen. or dal.) : nor 
 is any c. author ixlant, nee quisquam 
 acqualis temporlbus illis extat, Liv.; 
 also, illoruni temporum,Cic. : sometimes 
 absol. : sacred rites c. with the found- 
 ^"9 "f 'As city- sacra aeq. urbis, Liv. : 
 my c, aeq. mens, Cic. 2. expr. by 
 tempus or aetas; esp. the former: he 
 was c. with Aristotle, luit tempore eodem 
 (lemporibus iisdem) quo A., Cic. : all 
 his c.s, omnes ejusdem aetatis, Cic. : 
 simly., seculi sui. Veil. (\.B. N'ol 
 coaevus or conteniporaneus, which be- 
 long to late Latin.) Phr.: c. histories 
 (with ref. to particular emperors), res 
 florentibus ipsis (scriptae), lac. A. 1,1: 
 nearly c. paulo ante, post ; prior, poste- 
 rior, serior. 
 
 contemporarily: eodem tempore, 
 iisdiin temporibus ; v. preced. art. 
 
 contempt: I, The act or feeling: 
 1, coiitemptio : to be brought into 
 c, in c. venire, Caes. : to bring into c, 
 in c. aliquem adducere, Cic. Join: c. 
 ac dcspicientia {looking doiim upon as 
 mean) : Cic. 2. contemptus, us 
 
 (doubtful whether used by Cic): to be 
 held in c, conteniptu laborare, Liv. : to 
 hold or be luld in c, habere, esse con- 
 temptui. Suet. ; which may also l)e 
 e.\pr. by the act. and puss, of con- 
 tenino respectively. 3. Lfss Ireq. is 
 dcspicientia: Cic. (v. supr. I). 4. 
 
 despicatus, us (rare) : to hold any one 
 in c, aliquem habere despicatui, PI.: 
 Cic. 5. fastidium : oft. in pi. : v. 
 DISDAIN, PRIDE. I'hr. : to treat with c, 
 conleniptinn (jiart.) habere: v. to de- 
 srisE. K i g. : to treat the laurel wreath 
 with c, lauream conculcare, Cic. ||. 
 The state of biing despised : contemptus 
 (v. supr. 2) : (,'ic. 
 
 contemptible: 1, contemnendus: 
 by no means c. .'Speeches, orationes non 
 c, Cic. ; Plin. Simly., spemendus and 
 other gerundives. 2. contemptus 
 
 (like invictus for inrincibl"): a c. and 
 mean life, c. ac sordid.i vita, Cic. ■ c. to 
 tlie army, c. exercitui, Tac 3. de.splc- 
 alus: the passion of a most c. tribu7>e, 
 despicatissimi trilmni furor, Cic 4. 
 levis, e (not so strong as the English) : 
 V. TRIFLING. 5. abjectus : v. mean. 
 
 6. sordliius (prop, foul, dirty) : 
 that loweU and most c. of men, iste om- 
 nium turpisstmus et sordidissimus, Cic. 
 Phr.: to look c. in any one's eyes, all- 
 cui sordere, Liv. : Virg. : to look upon 
 as c, conteniptui habere, contemptum 
 {part.) halx're : v. contempt. 
 
 contemptibly : abJc-ctS, moredespic- 
 atissimo ■ v. meanly. Phr.: t>j act 
 most c, *se in contemptionem summain 
 adducere : v. contempt. 
 
 contend; I. To strive or strive 
 
 against . L contendo.di. sum and turn, 
 J (with cum, contra, inter and pron, 
 reflect.) : in riches ami expense, not in 
 uprightness and imiustry, they c. with 
 their ancestors, diviiiis et sumptlbus, 
 non probitate neque induslria, cum ma- 
 Jorlbus suis contendunt, Sail.: bulls c. 
 against lions m defence of their caJret, 
 tnuri pro vitulis contra leom-s c.Cic: 
 these (nations) c.'d with each other for 
 the supremacy, hi de poti-niatu Inter se 
 contendebani, Caes. 2. certo, i (usu. 
 with cum; also inter; and poet, dat. 
 alone) : to c.fw empire o ilh the Jiwnan 
 people, de imperio cum P. R c, Cic . 
 very often absol. ; to c. in war, bello a, 
 Liv. ; acie c, VIrp. : to c. uith any one 
 in wit, cum aliquo dleaclrate c, Cic: 
 In similar sense, de virtute c, .Sail, 
 with ace. of neut. pron. (see L. G. 
 i 2;j) : if you c. about aught uith him 
 for judge, si quid se judice certes. 
 Hor.: V. to vie. 3. decerlo, i 
 (stronger than certo : to c. for the mas- 
 tery, decisiveli/) : to c. in battle uith 
 very brave nations, proeliis cum acer- 
 riniis nationibus d., (Jic . they c.'d in 
 Italy for em/iire uith two generals, cum 
 duobus ducibus de imperio in Italia de- 
 certatum est, Cic. 4, decerno, crevi, 
 cretum, j. chiefly in special phra-ses: 
 to c. in arms, armis deceniere, Cic : 
 they c. in races, cursibus decemunt, 
 Virg. to c. in Ijattle, acie decernere, 
 Liv. 5. cerno, } (less Ireq. and 
 
 chiefly poet.): to c. with the suvrd, 
 c. ferro, Virg. : to c. in defence of one's 
 country, pro patria c. Sail. Q, luctor, 
 
 I : V. to STRUGGLE. 7. PUgno, I : V. 
 
 to fight. 8. congrJdior, confligo : 
 
 V. to engage, encounter. See also 
 to contend against. II. To use 
 
 earnest efforts for anything : j, 
 
 laboro, i (usu. with prep., or ut and 
 sutij.) : to c. against anything being 
 done, 1. ne quid fiat, Cic. ; also, in, de, 
 re aliqua c, Cic. : v. to exekt oneself. 
 
 2. nitor, cnitor, j : v. to srsn e. 
 
 Ill, To dispute earnestly : digladior, 
 pugno, verbis certo, etc. : v. to dis- 
 pute. IV, To maintain : confimio, 
 affirmo, conlendo, defendo : v. to main- 
 tain. 
 against : 1, rSpugno, i : to 
 
 resist and c. against the truth, resislerc 
 et r. contra veritatem, Cic. : more freq. 
 with dat. : v. to oppose. 2. ad- 
 verser, I (with dat. or absol.): valure 
 c.ing against and opposing it, adver- 
 .smte et repu^nante Datura, Cic: seo 
 also preced. art. 
 
 contending (as o^;'-): usu. with 
 some such word as parties . expre.ss by 
 part, of verbs signifying to contend . 
 to arbitrate between c. parties, iuter 
 ulipantes (also, liiigatoresl, lege agenlea 
 disceptare (also coniroversi is disceptare, 
 Cic.) : or by the verb itself : the e. par- 
 ties were these, conteudebant Inter se 
 hi : V. to contend. 
 
 content, contented : 1, c»n- 
 tentus (with obL): J can U- c. with a 
 little, parvo c. esse possum. Cic. : to be 
 c. with one's property is the greatest and 
 surest riclies, contentum suis rebus esse 
 ma.\imae sunt certlssiniaeque divltiae, 
 Cic. : c. to have learned, c. dldiclsse, Ov. 
 2. aequus; c. with frresmt store, 
 praesentlbus aeq., Hor. usu. »itb ani- 
 mus or mens : v. contentment. 
 
 . to be: 1. sjilis hftbeo, 1 
 
 (foil, by clause): he contfaUed the Car- 
 thaginians to be c. with keeping Africa, 
 Carthagiiiiens<'S s. habere coegit si Af- 
 ricam obtinercnt, Nep. / am c. and 
 jnore than c, satis superque habeo. Cic: 
 also foil, by neut. pnm.: id saiish., 11. 
 2. pliceo, 2 (foil, by JuM: no one 
 is c. with his lot, nulll sua placent. 
 Sen.: v. satisfied. 3. acqulesco^ 
 
 evi. Stum, j (usu. loll, by in and <M.): 
 Cic: also with abl. alone. Sen.: T 
 satisfied, to be. 
 
 151
 
 CON TENT 
 
 CONTINGENCE 
 
 CONTINUE 
 
 r>nntpnt Lsubs.) : v. contents. 
 wStlSt («•«'••)- satisracio, placeo, 
 
 etc.: V. TO SATISFY, PLEASE. 
 
 content, contentment : .!• 
 contentum <-sse : Cic. (v. content, adj^. 
 2 m\mi aequltus: to keep tlw- com- 
 mon people in a state of -•., ple^^era 
 animi aequitate continere, Cacs B. ^t_ 
 6 22 3 aequus animus: to oear 
 
 the idxk of a thing with c, cirere aequo 
 animo aliqua re. Cic. But the phrase 
 denotes a« undisturbed nund. in general. 
 
 contentedly: aeq'io ammo: v. 
 
 prcced. art.: or expr. by a'j. (sfe L.t.- 
 fiM): he sees c. U^. "ealth of others, 
 •contenlus videt alienas divitias. 
 
 contention: , ^1. i" ^""f'^^. 
 
 sense ; strife : 1. discordia : v. Dib- 
 CORD. 2. expr. by pi. of words given 
 iider (110 toMiyld in c *conten- 
 tionibus gaudere; ex dissidiis conten- 
 tionibusque voluptatem trajiere. II. 
 A strife- 1 contentio: /tod manv 
 and great c.s with M. Croesus, mihi 
 cum M. Crasso multae et nwgnae con- 
 tentiones fuerunt. Cic. 2. certatio 
 cerlamen: v. contest, strife. (Ot en 
 used of emulatim, nvalrg; as is loe 
 verb) 3 luctatio: v. struggle, 
 4 altercatlo: Cic: v. alterca- 
 tion. ' 5. disceptatio, controversia : 
 V. dispute, controversy. _ 
 
 contentious: 1- P"?'^''^} ^^r- 
 
 Cic. (the most gen. term). Z. <-«' 
 taminis or certaminum cupidus : v. pie- 
 ced, art. 3. litigiOSUS: V. LITIGIOUS. 
 COntentiously: *certandi, nxandi 
 causa; propter studiapartium. 
 
 contentiousness: perh. expr. by 
 ««. of concrete subs.: what c. there uas 
 m him, 'quantae in eo certationes, con- 
 tentioaes erant ! or, quantum in eo erat 
 contentionum atque pugnarum stu- 
 dium! Pugnacitas however occurs m 
 Quint. 4. }, i. / j..\ 
 
 contentment: v. content (s«6sO- , 
 Mntpnta (pi.') : also in sing, as ma- ] 
 ti^^^lJm-Vi^r.-.lhecofthis 
 vessel is six amphorae, *hoc vas sex am- 
 phoras caplt, sex ampborarum est : v. 
 TO CONTAIN. Otherwise pi. : he broke 
 open the box and carried off its c.s, 
 ♦scrlnio perfracto quae in eo erant ab- 
 Btulit- V. TO BE in: the C.S of the book 
 were of the most varied kind, *de omm 
 cenere rerum scriptus est l.ber. as a 
 heading to denote a table or epitome of 
 c s argumentum, gpUome : v. argij- 
 
 MENT, ABRIBGEMENT : the phr. " COIlt.l- 
 
 neiituT in hoc [libro]," is often used in 
 modem works. (In Macr. 2. n. ^nlt., 
 continentia opens, signifies the coh- 
 nected outline or thread of the work.) 
 
 conterminous: . 1. contermmus 
 (with dat.): Aethiopia c. tvith Egypt, 
 Aethiopia c. Aegj-pto, I'ac. 2. confinis : 
 
 v. BORDERING. . , 
 
 contest i^-)' >-e- to dispute, strive 
 to hold against another : 1. certo, i : 
 foil by de and abl. : to c. the claim 
 to som^ disputed territm-y, bello c. de 
 ambiguo agro. Liv.: so, de imperio, 
 Cic 2 contendo, di. sum and turn, 
 ,- V TO 'contend. 3. defendo di, 
 sum. i. to c. points {in Un") ifich 
 haoe been assailai (i. e. to hokl or 
 ■maintain them), d. ea quae impugnata 
 sunt, cf. Quint. 2, n. 40; the correla- 
 live to impugno is defendo (or resisto). ] 
 Uie former being to contest aggressively, 
 the latter to do so defensively. 4. 
 (in TMSS.) in contentionem venu-e. to be 
 c.'d": Cic.: also with adduci. deduci, 
 vocari etc. v. to dispute. 
 ^ntest G'"bs.): 1. certamen, 
 
 -mis n (applicable to all kinds o con- 
 tests) a ivreslling c, luctandi c., 
 Oiiinf a c. ivith two-horse chariots 
 bUugum c, V.rg.: the whole c.depaided 
 „^ rapidity of movement, erat in celer- 
 iUte omne positum <:"tamen Caes^- 
 to arrange a c, certamina ponere Virg 
 F 1 7 ac. for fto«o«r aHcfskn-.v, honoris 
 
 et Kloriae c, Cic: a c. of eUjquewe 
 am^T young m^, eloquentiae mter 
 Ses c, Quint, : / have a c.wUh ijou 
 T^lenceof oar <^l'-rsand^^rths^ 
 eat mihi tecum pro ans et focisc.uc 
 
 154 
 
 2 certatio (less freq.. and denot^ 
 
 ing rather the act of contending than 
 
 hi contest it^eit^: bod«v c. corpc^um 
 
 certationes, Cic. 3. '"""'^T'^J'^^m 
 always implying violence or hait in con 
 i^l-^ thesis If baUl^f <^°"^'^" n, 
 praeliorum, Cic. ^ had ac.wUhJ^. 
 Crassus, mihi erat cum M. Crasso c 
 Cac 4 decertatio (a decisive c. : v. 
 rar;):Cic 5. pugna v. coj.bat _a 
 Uqal c, forensis p., Qumt. 6. dimi- 
 
 catio (usu. of a general engagrnienty. 
 Liv.: a c. for life. viUie d. Cic 7. 
 Mars, tis (poet, and fig.)j a I'^gale.,^^ 
 forensis. Ov. 8. controversia : v. D s- 
 PUTE Phr.. to maintain a c. sto, 
 steti.' statum, 1 : to maintain ahaiid 
 to hand c, cominus stare, Caes. : atjnst 
 then maintained the c. not unequally, 
 priiiio hand imparl stetere acie, Liv 
 F'ig • ivhen we were maintaining thee, 
 very successfully in the senate, cnm in 
 senatu pulcherrime staremus tic. 
 
 rontested (as adj.) : aml.iguus, dub- 
 ius. S.nl?5versus: v^ disputed, doubt- 
 
 ''"context- 1. e. the adjoining words or 
 
 p^TTapas^ag^^ TC'teTi'^ 
 pi.) : Quint. 9, 4. 29- ^^^-^ /"^ i- ^Z 
 lids that interpi-^f'tion, *^n^^^e- 
 quuntur, quae postea sunt addita [0, 
 quae praecedunt, quae prius scripta 
 sunt. ^ the case may be] earn mter- 
 nretotionem refutai.t: tte sense of the 
 S"S not be judged from srngle 
 words but from the entire c, scriptoris 
 sententiae non ex singulis sed ex con- 
 texts (continuatis conjunctisque, Cic 
 de Or.' ,. n. t49) -^''^'' jTltu- 
 sunt: cf. Quint. 9. 4. ^- 5^f:J \n 
 textus appears to be always used in 
 Quint, of the framing oficords togelhn, 
 comvositimi : in Tac H. 2, 8. in con- 
 textu operis means, in the course of my 
 work.) ^ . ^„ . 
 
 contexture I contextus, us: Cic. 
 
 ^"contiguity : c5h..erentia (regionura) : 
 Macr.: also continentia, Macr. Phr 
 "c of place, lime, or cause (Hume), 
 *rres1 ut loco, tt-mpore, causis cohae- 
 reant: on account oj the c. of these sub- 
 jects *quae quum tam intima ratione 
 iniei^ se apta connexaque sint: v. con- 
 nexion and foil. art. 
 
 contiguous: ^ K'°'''''^T'c»n 
 
 holies c. domus, Ov. : Tac 2. con- 
 nufs e V. bordering. . 3. wntmens, 
 ntis- the estates c. to this fa.-m, huic 
 fundo praedia c et a<ijuncta, Uic: also 
 foil, by cum and aW.: Bin. 4. con- 
 Unuus (less freq.) : Sen. 5. commu- 
 atus (prop. part, of contlnuo) : J 01 n 
 continuaius et junclus, Cic N. u. 2. 
 
 '*'innti'iiPTice • 1. continentia (i. e. 
 th^^^Xd habit of controUing the 
 passions) : also, c. animi. Curt. J oin: 
 iniegritas Cincorruptibleness)et c, Uc, 
 niodestia (Fruxieration) etc., Caes.; cet 
 moderatio. Curt. (Gr. e7KpaT£io.) a. 
 abstinentia (usu. of inUgrity m money 
 matters) 1 Quint. 
 
 continent {adj.) .- 1. contmens, 
 nm^pable of controlling ttw passions) : 
 Cic (vVprewd. art.). 2.. "'•■-;""■'«■ 
 ntis (i. e. capable of abstaining Jrom) : 
 v. abstinent, chaste. 
 
 pontinent {subs.): contmens terra: 
 I betZ^Efih^and the c. inter Euboeam 
 ' cque terram. Nep.: also without terra 
 on the c, in continenti, Cic. ; CaeS 
 (N B.-Regio may be used in general 
 sense- Mela uses the word with ret. to 
 "the c'.of Africa: " cul totius regionis 
 cognomen inditum est, Alrica, i, 4. 
 
 "'tiintinpntal (adj.); continentem 
 inc'o^?nsf 1n*citi\iei-!ti (or e) positus. 
 locatus: c. rMtions, continentis gentes, 
 pupuli V preced. art. 
 
 P continently: .l-„Tr 2 
 
 (rare) to live c, c. vivere, Cic. 2. 
 
 temoei-anter : v. te»ipebately. 
 contingence \ I Q^'^fy f^^«"!^ 
 contingency 5 «m«'"^'="' ('^"'^2: 
 
 Phr "^ build certain ruUs upon the 
 c. of human actions" (South); *certas 
 
 reeulas ex Incertis honiinum factia con- 
 stituere ■ c. signiju:s a dependxmce upon 
 :a>S ca«.i 'hoc estcasu tier, nempe 
 ex variis causis s. casibus pendere. _ ||. 
 possible circumstance, event eU: c^^. 
 : v. ACCIDENT: or expr. with \erD. 
 
 if this c. happens, quod" si forte flat, 
 eveniat. a c. of this sort may fto^ 
 X fieri potest ut res hujuscemod. 
 eveniat, etc : V. TO HAPPEN 
 
 contingent (^^'„^'^^- T. 
 casu fit. evgnit; adventiciu^. v. acci 
 DFNTAL c. qualities, as opp. (« e^sen- 
 to!reventa%erum, Lucr. As logical 
 
 'coSenr ("'■(«/ '-^^)-- 
 
 qui°n?uMmum\uaeque civitas m.t- 
 tere debet, based on Nep. Anst. j (li. 
 and A ) ■ *qui cujusque civuatis nu- 
 merus militL ratus (Justus) est, or 
 SZT portio, etc. Sometimes auxiha 
 ?-orun?) will do. six Ugionsa.ndalarge 
 I of auxiliary trwps, sex legiones et 
 
 exTsW'fSWte'fortuna V.AC- 
 riDENTALLY. |. Depeiidently : c. 
 
 i!^n me success of tliat movement, 
 *Drout ea res eveniret. 
 
 ^continual: 1. P^^Pl'^^if J. ^ 
 
 be in c. peace, in p. pace esse. Cic : y. 
 
 PERPETUAL. Join: perpetuus atque 
 
 consians,Cic: v. constant. 2. conti- 
 
 nens, ntis (i. e. uninterrupted : q. y.) . C. 
 
 ^Zs, Caes. : Cic. 3. cuntlnuus (same 
 
 s»nse as continens) : Caes. : Uv. 4. as- 
 
 siduus; thee, toilwas wearying our men^ 
 
 a laboJ nostros d.fatigabat. Caes.: c. ex- 
 
 alio,,, opera a., PI. : thee, incursions of 
 
 ' tarba-ia.us barlmrorum mcursusa.,Sueu 
 
 6 perennis, e (prop. Ja^ii«ff a" <'^ 
 
 year through) : v. perpetual _ 
 
 'continually:^ f'w c"'Vo^s 
 
 conversati.ms which I hear c., voces 
 quas audio assidue, Cic (assiduo in e^ 
 class, authors). 2. contmenter (i e. 
 ivithout inteiTuption or c^-^^ion) .-y. 
 I incessantly. 3. P?''^"'"^ ^rXt 
 tlnenter but rare) : Varr. (N.B Not 
 cont"nuo.at least in the best authors.) 
 4 semper : v. always. 
 
 nerpetuitate bonorum timeat necesse est. 
 perpeiui^ difiturnitas (long continu- 
 mce)- Epicurus denies that longc adds 
 
 Zyldngtoahappy >iJ^:^^^^\^Zm 
 A temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid 
 affe^rTcic 3. continuaiio (absence 
 
 Xies 4 assiduitas: the c. of i-exa- 
 ?S,a.molestiarum.Cic Phr.:,o/ 
 lona c diuturnus- to be of Umg c, in 
 tonlum tempus durare: v. to endure. 
 DuSoN. ^ IM(-ie,re«.*e«c.:man- 
 
 sio r6mansio: v. stay. |||. t'- V 
 :^^«:propagatio:v. propagation. 
 
 .„??Tc-S.: clnti^-f t? 
 
 ^Zaltfrable c. ^can-ynigon ^^^^^^^T^ 
 edl,i) of the eternal ord^r. immutabilis 
 ^^idinis sempitemi. Cic : or exi>r. 
 with verb : as, by the c. of their toil, 
 Tontinuato. continuando labore: v. to 
 continue. II. I'ropagation : propa- 
 gaiio ■ V. propagation. Or e.xpr. with 
 verb • as,/or the c. of a race ox family. 
 ad genus faciendum. Just. (R. and A.) 
 Ill Concrete that uhich is carried 
 on or continued: expr. with verb: M. 
 Teie follows the c. of the story, •deinceps 
 sfc cominuatur, pergit, progredilur his- 
 toria: V. KKMAINDER, sequel. 
 
 continue: A. n^^'-""^- J- 
 Th remain in a state or place: 1. 
 maneo. si, sum, 2- nothing c.s always in 
 rts proper stai", nihil semper suOj»tattt 
 m Cicf: the u ar c.s. bellum m., Liv. : to 
 c. in one's first mind, in Pnf "" i]^"'" 
 m Cic. 2 permaneo (to c. unm- 
 Te^uptedly): anger ft<^ c.^. ««»' « ^ 
 time, ira iam permansit dm, 1 er. . ot 
 ^^^er^Ithai extern has c.d nowfron^ 
 Cecrops, Athenis Jam lUe mos a Cecrope 
 permansit. Oc 3. '^S"^"^''= w' JJ? 
 SIXAIN. 4. 8to. eteti. statum. i Cesp.
 
 CONTINUITY 
 
 CONTRA CT 
 
 CONTRADICTION 
 
 poet.) Vte duals of murtali will periih. 
 much less maii the honour and favour of 
 wonts c. u/iitf. monalia lacUi peribunt, 
 nedum S'Tiiiuiiiiiii >iei honos i-l gratia 
 vivax, Hor. 5. UQro, i v. to kn- 
 DUUK. 6 vt-rsor, i (to go to and fro, 
 dwell, bn) ■ you can no hmyer c. with us, 
 nubiscuni v. jam diuiius iion poles. Cic. 
 to c. u-ithin tliK ramparts, intra vallum 
 v., Caes. 7. baereu, si, sum, 2 : the 
 earth, reinaininy immovable always c.s 
 in the loutst place, terra, immobilis 
 manens, miasede semper h., Cic. ||. 
 To perstLvre, be amstaiit : persgvero, 
 
 peraiBtO: V. TO PEItSKVF.RE, PEKSIST. 
 
 B. r r a II s. : 1. continuo, i (to 
 carry oit uninterrupteitly) : to c. a jour- 
 ney night ami day, et nocte el die iter 
 c., Ca>-s. : to c. anyone in office, alicui 
 magtstratum c, Liv. 2. prorOgu, i : 
 esp. a command, imperiuni p., Cic. : 
 simly., spaiiuiii praeturac- in altt'rum 
 annum p.. Front. Aq. : v. to rKoix»NG. 
 
 3. (iroduco, .\l, ctum, } • to c. a 
 conversatiun far into tlie night, p. ser- 
 monem in nmltam noclera, Cic: v. to 
 FROi^ONG. 4. pr»pagu, I : used like 
 prorogo of prolonging a term of ofBce ; 
 Liv. 
 
 continuity: 1. continuitas (v. 
 
 rare) : Varr. : i'lin. 2. pcrpetuitas : 
 Cic. : c. of discourse, sermonis perpet- 
 Uitas, Cic. 
 
 continuous: 1. continens; c. 
 (^uninterrupted) discourse, c. oratio, 
 Cic: V. full. art. 2. lontlnuus ; c. 
 mountains, muntes c, 14or. . Cic. 3. 
 coutinuatus. Cic: v. lmnterkupted. 
 
 4. perpetuus: he stations the soldiers 
 with c. uatches and posts, milites dis- 
 ponit p. vigiliis stationibusque, Caes. a 
 c. discussion, disputatio p., Cic. : v. suc- 
 cessive. 
 
 continuously ; 1. wntinentfr, 
 
 Cic: CONTINUALLY, UNINTEKKUKrKDLY. 
 
 2. Expr. with adj. .- as, to commit 
 to writing c, continentia [quaedam] 
 Uteris mandare, as opp. to vellicitim, 
 saltuatim, v. Gell. I2, i;. 3. Witb 
 abl. of manner as, to treat a subject c , 
 de aliqua re conlinua s. perpetua ora- 
 tione scribere, disserere : v. preced. art. 
 
 continuousness : continuitas : 
 
 Varr. : Plin. : or, *continuatus ordo, 
 series cjntinuata atque ordo : v. con- 
 tinuous. 
 
 contort : contorqueo, Oistorqueo, 2 ; 
 depravo, i . v. to distort. 
 
 contorted: 1. c-intorlus: dimin. 
 ContortQlus, of the petty word tuisting 
 of the Stoics. Cic. 2. distonus Cic. 
 (N.B. Contortus is stronger than dis- 
 tortus = co/ii/>kte/^ twisted out of shape : 
 distortus refers to the deviation trom 
 normal shape.) 3. pravus, deprava- 
 
 tUS : V. CKOOKED. 
 
 contortion: I. 'fhe act: contor- 
 tio, distortio v. distortion : or expr. 
 with part. : as, to indicate suffering by 
 C. of the features, *contortis oris linea- 
 mentis dolorem suum significare • v. to 
 contort. II. Tlie form itself as con- 
 torted: contortio, Cic. . v. distortion. 
 
 contour: 1. fonna, flgura- v. 
 
 BHAFE, OUTLINE. 2. extrema lineii- 
 mental v. ciutline. 
 
 contraband : iliicitus, vetitus . v. 
 unlawful, forbidden. Ph r. c. Ira/ie, 
 mercatura quae contra leges tit ; niercu- 
 tara baud legiilma : tliese articles are 
 C, *hanim rerum commercium legiti- 
 mum non est: v. trade. 
 
 contract (»•) A. I'rans ; I. 
 
 To draw into less compass : \, in an- 
 gu&tum addiico, concludo, etc.: to c a 
 thing to narr<Au limits, in e.xiguum an- 
 gustumque coiicludere, Cic. .Join: 
 contrahere et adducere in ang., Cic. In 
 the same way is used in artum cogere. 
 oolUgere, Plin. : to confine oneself to c.'d 
 limits, in artum desllire, Hor. 2. 
 o6arto, I to c. the channel of the Tiber, 
 alveum liberis c, Suet. : narroir passes 
 e. tlie load, angustae fauces c. iter, liv. 
 3. contrftho, xi, ctum, J : Caesar c.d 
 hit camp, Caesar castra contraxlt, Caes. : 
 to c. the time of speaking, tempora dic- 
 radi c, Qiiint.: to c. the limbs, membra 
 
 c, Cic. 4. cogo, diegi, cOactiim, j ■ 
 usu. with some phr. as in artum (v. 
 supr. ) ; so m breve c, Hor 5. 
 cOanpisto, I (rare): toe. the hires, SlIvos 
 c, Varr. : v. to comi'Bkss. ||, To 
 draw tight, compress : esp. of the fea- 
 tures : 1. contraho, j : to c. the tjrou; 
 frontem c. Cic Ov 2. adduco, xi, 
 ctum. f : to c. the brow ad. Irontcm, 
 C^uint. Sen. v. to frown. 3. otjduco, 
 xi, ctum, ? Ifl old age with c. d brow 
 relax, obilucta solvatur fronte si-nectus, 
 Hor.: Sen. 4. astringo, nxi, cium, 
 J : toe. the lips, labia a., yuint. 5. 
 traho, xi, ctum, j (r>oet ) : toe. the face, 
 vultum t., Ov. : Lucr. |||. To bring 
 on oneself, incur. 1, ojntraho: in 
 most uses of the English : to c. a disease, 
 morbum c. Plin. toe. odium or hatred. 
 Invidiam, <Klium c, Cic. : to c. debts, 
 aes allenum c, Cic. : but see debt 
 (contrahit amiciiiain in Cic. Am. 14, 
 is it cements or leads to the formation 
 of friendship). 2. nanciscor, nacius, 
 J: V. to get, AOiUIKE. Phr.: to c. 
 frietidships, amicilias comparare, Jun- 
 gere, Cic, ; sibi parfire, Nt p. v. friend- 
 ship ■ to c. a habit, in consuetudinem 
 (allquam) se adducere, Caes. : v. to ac- 
 custom; HABIT. IV. Of alliances, 
 etc. ; to form, enter into (.see also supr. 
 111.) 1, contraho: a connection c.'d 
 by marriage between Caesar and Pom- 
 pey, affinitas inter Cue.-iarem et Pom- 
 peium contracia nuptiis, Veil, to e. a 
 marriage, malrimonium c. Suet. 2. 
 atijunco, jungo, nxi, ctum, i- to c. an 
 alliance with any one, aliquem sibi 
 societate et foedere a^juiigi're, Caos. 
 Liv 3. societateni cum aliquo fac- 
 ere, Caes. : v. alliance. V. 1° 
 marriage : spondeo, de>pondeo : v. to 
 BETROTH. VI. ^ Uram. t. t. : con 
 traho . vhen tiro short (syllables) are 
 c.d, they coalesce in a single long one, 
 cum duae breves contrahuniur, in unam 
 longam coalescunt, Macr. Gr. : also, 
 imminuere verbum (as opp. to verbum 
 plenum dicere), Cic. Or. 47, 157 ; in 
 unam syllabam redigere, Macr. Gr. 
 B. 1 n t r. : .7b grow shorter or 
 more limited : 1. Expr. with pass, of 
 contraho, cogo, etc., or with J^ron. rejl. .- 
 V. supr. (1.). 2. c6eo, 4, irr. : Ov. 
 (who uses it of water narrowed and en- 
 closed by promontories, "quod coit an- 
 gustis inclusum comibus aequor," Met. 
 5, 410). II. To bargain : 1. loco, 
 
 I (of the party who Aires the services of 
 tlie other: usu. with ger. part.): to c. 
 for the making of a statue, statuam 
 faciendam 1., Cic. : also with subs, alone : 
 to c.for clothes fo)' the army, vestimcnta 
 exercitui 1., Liv. 2. conduce, xi, 
 ctum, } (of the party undertaking the 
 nin-k ; but also used in sense of to hire, 
 q. v.: coiistr. same as 1) : tlie contractor 
 
 II ho had c. d to make that column, re- 
 demptor qui coluinnani illani condu.x- 
 erat taciendani. Cic. : to buy up and c. 
 for taxes, vectigalia redimere el c, Liv. 
 
 3, redimo, emi, emptum, } (also of 
 the party undertaking) : to c. for a 
 iiork, opus r., Cic. ■ Nep. 4. con- 
 traho, J (gen. term: appliaible to any 
 business arranyement) : to c. for a pur- 
 chase, empiioiipm c, Dig. : v. to bar- 
 gain, stipulate. 
 
 contract (s«''S.) ■• I, in business: 
 1. locatio (denoting the act of the 
 party hiring services ; to which rgdemp- 
 tio and soinetiines conduclio are the 
 correlatives: see verb) the portico n as 
 being rebuilt by c, porticus locatlone 
 reticii batur, Cic Att. 4, ;. init. : to do 
 iinytliing arcf/rding to the tenns of a c, 
 ex lege locationis aliquid facere, EdicL 
 ap. Gell. II, 17. 2. redemptio (v. 
 supr.) : rashness in taking a c. (offering 
 too much money for a tax), temerit;is 
 redenipiionis. Cic (In s:ime sense is 
 found also rSdemptfira: Liv.) 3. con- 
 ductiu (v. ,««pr.); Cic: Liv. 4. pac- 
 tum, pactio: v. agreement. 5. Expr. 
 with verb: as, to let out bye, locare ; 
 to make money by cj, *ex operibus, vec- 
 tlgalibus.etc patrimonium .«. rem fami- 
 liarem augere (lor which Liv. has, ex 
 
 redempturis) to make a good or bad ft, 
 *bene, male locare, conducere- uimiam 
 magno conducere, Cic. (of farmers of 
 taxes): in erery kind of c.. or myagc- 
 ment, in omnI re conirahenda. Cic. see 
 verb. 6. auctoramentum (n»u. = Aire, 
 uayes) : the terms of a most honourable, 
 most vile c, verba boaestissimi. turpis- 
 siml auc. Sen. Ep. n, 1 : see also bar- 
 gain, engagkment. II. itf marriage: 
 pa<.'tio nuplialis, Liv. ; paciuin matri- 
 monii, Tac. ; tabulae sfxdisales. Hier., 
 (y.): to annul a marriage c, •pactio- 
 nem nuptialem inducere v. to aknui.: 
 
 see also BKTItOTHAL. 
 
 contracted (part, and adj.): usu. 
 in sense ol limited, nanrnv : 1. an- 
 gustus, artus (arctus) ; both of which 
 are used in the sing. neut. subsiantively ; 
 V. TO CONTRACT (1.) : e. boundaries, an- 
 gusli fines, Caes. : c. means, res angusta 
 donii, Juv. 2. contractus : c. pocerty, 
 c. paupertas, Hor. 3. br6\-is (when 
 brevity is meant) : the c. span of life, 
 vitae summa brevis, Hor. 4. in fig. 
 sense ; esp. of the mind : a c. mind, ani- 
 mus parvus, Hor. ; stronger, animus 
 pusillus, Cic. ; animus humilis injbecil- 
 lusque, id. ; mens angusta, humilis, id.: 
 
 v. PETTY. MKAN. 
 
 contractibility. contractility : 
 expr. with verb or coiiiraclio ; as, tA« 
 muscles hare the quality of c, *muscuU 
 vim sul contrahendi habent ; contrac- 
 tionem laxationemque paliuntur. 
 
 contractible : quod contrabi, se 
 
 contralicre potest. 
 
 contraction: I. The act: l, 
 
 contractio : tlie c. and stretching out of 
 the fingers, c. et porrectio digitorum, 
 Cic. ; the c. of the eyebrons, supercilio- 
 rum c, of a page, paginae, Cic. . of a 
 syllable, syllabiie, Cic: Macr. (ir. 2. 
 conductio ; e. of the muscles (in disease), 
 c. musculonim, Coel. Aur. 3. Expr. 
 with verb: as, by c. and expansion, *se 
 contrahendo et rursus laxando : v. to 
 CONTRACT. II. The thing contracted; 
 an abbreviation in nritiny: scripturae, 
 literarum compendiimi (compendium 
 verboruni would be economy of uords 
 in spi-aking cf. PI. Mil. j, i, 184); v. 
 
 ABBREVIATION. 
 
 contractor : 1. conductor : c. aedi- 
 ficii, Cat. ; c operis, Cic. 2. redemp- 
 tor: Cic: Liv.: Hor. 3. manceps, 
 cipis : the roads were rendered impassa- 
 ble through the dishonesty of the cj, 
 itinera I'raude mancipum interriipta, 
 Cic. : Tac. ■ cs for the supply of work- 
 men, operaruni mancipes. Suet 4. 
 susceptor: Cod. Theod. 5. pactor: 
 i. e. a bargainer : q. v. 
 
 contradict: I. To oppose by 
 
 iiords : \, contradico. Ixi, ictum, j 
 (with dot.: not so in C)ic.) to c. the 
 opinions ttf others, sententiis aliorum c, 
 Tac. : Quint. (In Cic. usu. two words, 
 amtra dicere absolutely ; or dicere con- 
 tra foil, by ace. : v. against). 2. 
 obloquor, ciitus, j (wilh dat^ : not so 
 strong as the English : sometimes = to 
 interrupt (q. v.) : to appeal to, interrupt, 
 c, converse n-ith, apjiellare, interpellare, 
 ob., coUoqui, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10, init. 3. 
 advcrsor, i ■ i. e. to oppose (q. v.). ||. 
 To be contradictory to : 1. pugiio. 1 : 
 you were so senseless that throughout 
 your speecli you c.'d yourself, lam eras 
 e.xcors ut tola in oratione tua, letum 
 ipse pugnares, Cic 2. rf pugno, i : 
 V. CONTRADICTORY. Phr.: toe. Oneself, 
 pugnantia loqui, Cic : more lully, quae 
 inter se repugnenl diiere: v. contra- 
 dictory: to c. in a clamorous rati, in- 
 genii clamore alicui obstrepere, Liv. (or 
 simply obslrepere, i. e. to endra our 
 to interrupt apersim uith bawling). 
 contradiction: \. < ppofUi.mbjf 
 
 words: coiurudictio Tac: i.^uint ^Or 
 more freq. expr. wiih verb as, not to 
 brook c, *aegre. moleste ferre sibi con- 
 tradici; homines sibi inierpellare, oblo- 
 qui, contra se dicere, etc. : nut to admit 
 of c, in confesso esse. Sen.- i.iiAout c, 
 nullo interpellaiite, obloquenie. contra 
 dlcente: see verb.) ||. hictmsistrncy : 
 1. rSpugnantia: c. betueen things, 
 IJ5
 
 CONTRADICTIOUS 
 
 CONTBIBCTE 
 
 CONTRIVE 
 
 to bt 
 maxima 
 
 V. E*CON- 
 
 r. rerum, Clc. 2. In P^- only : repug- 
 nantia (n. pi. of part.) : i. e. things con- 
 tradicting each other : Cic. : Quint. 3. 
 In pi. : quae inter se repugnant, pug- 
 nant: Cic. 
 
 contradictious : pugnax, conten- 
 tiosus, adversandi studiosus ; interpel- 
 landi alque obloquendi studiosus; v. 
 
 CONTENTIOUS. 
 
 contradictorily (rare) : contrarie : 
 Cic. Part, ji, io8. Phr.: to speak c, 
 silji repugnare ; pugnantia loqui : v. to 
 OONTBADICT. (Not repugnanier alone ; 
 but perh. sibi repugnanier, «. g. after 
 dicere.) 
 
 contradictory: I. Affirming the 
 
 cmitrary (in logic): *contrad5cl6nus : 
 Aldr. II. Inconsistent : 1. pugnans, 
 repugnans (in pi): to say things c, 
 pugnantia loqui, Cic. Join; di versa 
 inter se atque repugnantia, Cic. 2. 
 contrarius, diversus: v. contrary. 
 Phr.: to be c, pugnare, repugnare 
 (inter se): tltat the same person be 
 happy ami yet oppressed with many 
 evils is very c, illud vehementer re- 
 pugnat eundem et beatum esse et multis 
 malis oppressum, Cic. ; Quint. 
 extremely c. (of opinions), in 
 inconstantia versari, Cic. 
 
 SISTENT. 
 
 contradistinction: 1. "PP"- 
 
 silio : V. co.NTRAST. 2. distinctici, <lis- 
 crimen ; v. DisTrNCTiON. Cliiefly used in 
 phr. in c. to, *ut disparatum (cf. Quint. ;, 
 II, }i, where disparata are distinguished 
 from repugnantia) : the yew Ttstanitint 
 in c. to the Old. *Novum Testamentum 
 ut a Veiere discretum ac disparatum. 
 
 contradistinguish : 'les ut <iis- 
 paratas atque di^juuctas spectare; dis- 
 jungere, opponere . v. TO distinguish, 
 
 CONTRAST. 
 
 contradistinguished : disparatus ; 
 Quint. 5, II, !i (tlie e.xample of dis- 
 parata there given is ut dura non duris ; 
 of repugnantia, verum falso). 
 
 contrariety: ie. contrary nature. : 
 usu. expr. with adj. or verb: as, Diere 
 is a c. between them, conlraria sunt, re- 
 pugnant inter se. (X.B. Conlrarietas 
 occurs in Macr., but is not necessary.) 
 II. Inco^uistency : rgpugnantia : v. 
 
 eONTBADKmoN. 
 
 contrary (adj.): 
 
 direction : opposite : 
 c. moti/m, c. niotus, Cic. 
 horses galloping in a c. 
 iter equi concitati, Liv. 
 jectiny in c. directions, procurrentibus 
 in diversa terris, Tac. 3. adversus : 
 V. OPPOSITE. II. Fig.: unfavour- 
 
 able; chiefly of neather: a c. wind, 
 ventus adversus, molestus, Cic. ; ventus 
 contrarius, Ov. Or expr. w ith refio, i . 
 when the tvind is c, we are cast down, 
 cum reflavit (as fpp. to prospero fiatu 
 llti), afHigimur, Cic. • to be driven back 
 by c. winds, ventis reflantibus reijci, id. 
 
 TUSC. I, 49. 119- V. UNFAVOURABLE. 
 III. Opposed to, inconsistent ivith : 
 1. contrarius (with dat., or inter 
 and pron. r^.) : on the c. side, ex c. 
 parte, Cic; ctlen used substantivdy 
 (see foil. art.;. Join: contraria et 
 diversa inter se, Cic. 2. diversus 
 
 (esp. in Sail.) : they expect at the same 
 tim/: most c. things, the pleasure of 
 sloth and the rewards of energy, diversis- 
 simas res expectant, ignaviae volnp- 
 tatem et praemia virtutis. Sail.. Caes. 
 3. pugnans, repugnans, ntis ; v. 
 CONTRADICTOKV. P h f. ; to be c, pug- 
 nare, repugnare, discrepare inter se, 
 Cic. : see foil, articles. 
 
 to (/""^P- ?'""•) ■■ 1. "^o"' 
 
 tra (with ace.: also folL by conj.): 
 c. to expei:tacion, c. spem, Sail.: Liv.; 
 c. exspectationem, Hirt. : c. to nature, 
 c. naturam, Cic. ; c. to nhat had been 
 appointed, c. atque erat dictum, Caes. : 
 by my fault things liare tieen dime c. to 
 what you had arranged with me, factum 
 est mea culpa c. quam tu mecum egeras, 
 Cic. 2. (lessfreq.): adversus or ad- 
 versnm (with ace.) : c. to the laws, a. 
 leges, Cic. 3. praeter (with aec) : 
 many things have fallen out c. to owr 
 IS6 
 
 I. Of place or 
 
 1. contrarius : 
 
 2. diversus : 
 
 direction, in d. 
 
 ; the lands pro- 
 
 expectation, multa p. spem evenerunt. 
 Plant. ; Nep. ; c. to nature and to des- 
 tiny, p. naturam p.que fatum, Cic._ 
 
 contrary {subs.) .- 1, contrarium 
 (in this sense, with gen.) : vices are the 
 C.S to virtues, vitia sunt virtutum c, Cic. 
 Esp. in phr. on the c, e or ex contrario, 
 Cic. : to the c, in contrarium, id. (in 
 same sense in contrariam partem, e. g. 
 afferre, id.) • propositions are cs, both of 
 which cannot be true at once, c. dicuntur, 
 quae .simul vera esse non possunt, Gell. 
 16, 8. (Not diversum, except perh. in 
 phr. e diverso. Suet. Jul. 86 : nor oppo- 
 situm ; see Gell. 1. c). 2. contraria 
 pars : esp. in phr., ex c. parte, on the c. 
 side, in c. partem (v. supr.) : Cic. 3, 
 phr. on the c. (:= on the other hand) ; 
 contra (either as adv., or full, by ea) : 
 as the one are miserable, so, on the c, 
 the others are happy, ut hi niiseri, sic 
 c. illi beati, Cic. ; on the c, they were 
 generously helped by tlie despots of 
 Sicily, c. ea benigne ab Siculorum 
 tyrannis adjuti sunt^ Liv. ; Nep. [Con- 
 tra is mostly used alone when it may 
 be rendered on the other harui; but 
 when a contrast is to be stroniily 
 marked, contra ea is preferred. The 
 fuller expressions given under (1) and 
 (2) are to be used when " on the c," = 
 "on the c. side."] 4. Jn conversa- 
 tion ^"nai/, on the contrary :" imrao 
 or imo : does he really make confession 
 about the stranger? — On the c, he de- 
 nies it stoutly, etiam fatetur de hospite ? 
 — iinmo pernegat, PI. Host. 3, I, 21 : 
 strengthened with vero : Cic. : v. kg, 
 
 NAT. 
 
 contrast («•) •• A. T r a n s. : con- 
 fero, comparo, contendo: as, c. the 
 licentiousness of the one with the tem- 
 perance of the other, confer hujus libi- 
 dines cum illius continentia, Cic. : v. 
 COMPARE. Contendo, denotes the most 
 «rac( comparison, but not necessarily 
 contrast any more than the otheis. 
 Jlore precisely perh., •duarura reruin 
 oppositlonem monstrare ; duas res cun- 
 lerre atque opponere inter se ; (opponere 
 is simply to set one tbing off against 
 another). B, Intrans. : to t« op- 
 posed to : discrepo, i (to differ greatly) : 
 cf. Hor. Od. I, 27, 6 : or expr. with 
 pass, of verbs under (A): as, there is a 
 vice which cs with [is set off against] 
 every virtue, omni virtuti vitium con- 
 trario nomine opponitur, Cic. : v. to 
 
 DIFFBB. 
 
 contrast {subs.) .- 1. contcntio, 
 
 compaiatio (of the act of comparing) : 
 V. COMPARISON, and preced. art. 2. 
 diversitas {acttxal diff'eieiwe) : by a 
 •strange c. of nature, luira d. naturae, 
 Tac. Ger. 15: v. difference. 3. op- 
 pSsItio : luiw could energy be understood 
 except from the c. of sloth f quid furti- 
 tudo intelligi posset nisi ex ignaviae 
 oppositione, Gell. 4. varietas: v. 
 
 VAKIETT. 5. expr. with verb : as, 
 
 what a c. there is betireen, etc., quantum 
 discrepant, etc. : v. to differ. 
 
 contr avail ation : tn form lines of 
 c, *muniinenta munimentis objicere, op- 
 ponere (Kr.). 
 
 contravene : vioio, frango (v. to 
 BREAK, VIOLATE): adversur, resisto, etc. 
 (v. TO oppose). 
 
 contravention: vioiatio: v. viola- 
 tion. Or expr. with prep., verb, etc. : 
 as, to act in c.of a law or treaty, contra 
 legem, foedus facere; violare, etc.: v. 
 molate. 
 
 contribute: I. To give or grant 
 in commAm with others : 1. confgro, 
 contaii, colliitum, } : to c. to a common 
 fund, in commune c, Cic. : to c. corn, 
 frumentum c, Caes. : to c. moneys, pe- 
 cunias c, Suet. 2. contribuo, ui, 
 iitum, ? : to give and c. money, pecu- 
 niara dare, c, Cic. (less freq. in this 
 sense-) : Tib. 3. May also be expr. with 
 dare; t. supr. \\^ To help towards 
 anything .- 1. aH?ro, ?, irr. (foil, by 
 
 neut. pron. or adj.. and ad) : whatever 
 we have c.d to the public n elf are, quic- 
 quid ad rempublicam attuUmus, Cic. : 
 in c. new arauments, nova argumenta 
 
 af. Lact. : toe. to a happy life, ad beote 
 vivendum aliquid af.. Cic. 2. conlSro, 
 i (constr. same as preceding) : it is atked 
 whether nature or learning cs more to 
 eloquence, quaeritur naturane plus ad 
 eloquentiam conferat an doctrina. Quint. ; 
 Plin. 3. facio, feci, factum, 3 : (in 
 ceriain phr.) : it greatly cs to success, 
 pliirimum facit (foil, by ace. and inf.). 
 Quint. 4. Expr. by i/cn. of gerund, 
 part, (with verb sum : see L.G. $ 559): 
 things which c.d to relax discipline, 
 quae dissolvendae disciplinae essent, 
 Liv.: things merely bringing gloiy, and 
 not c.ing to bring the war to a close, 
 quae gloriosa modo nee belli patrandi 
 furent. Sail. (N.B. Not the dot., wliich 
 denotes a purpose : in which sense the 
 gen. is also used by Tac.) 5. pro- 
 sum: v. TO benefit. Phr.: to c. 
 greatly to something, magno, maximo 
 niumento esse ad rem : v. importance. 
 See also to aid, help. 
 
 contribution : I. in genera! 
 
 sense : 1. coUatio, prop, voluntary 
 
 us to the amount : a paltry c. is called 
 c. stipis, as compared with c. decimae 
 (partis), Liv. 5, 25 : in Tac. Ger. 29, 
 coUationes are classed with other onera. 
 2. contribStio : IJigest. 3, col- 
 lecta {= Gr. (tu^^oAjj, usu. in pi. : of a 
 feast got up by joint contribution : Per. 
 has, symbolam dare, Andr. i, i, 61, and 
 de symbolis esse, i. e. edere, Eun. i , ., 
 2) : to levy such a c. on a companion, 
 coUectam a couviva exigere, Cic. 4. 
 tribiitum: v. tribute. 5, Expr. by 
 verb : as, to make large cs, multa con- 
 ferre, afferre ad aliquam rem : this is 
 my single c to the public service, •hoc 
 unum ad rempublicam atfero, etc. : v. 
 preced. art. Phr.: to levy cs, pecunias 
 exigere, imperare, Cic. : to lay the trea- 
 sury under c, erogare pecunias ex 
 aerario, Cic. ||. Liteiaiy: Phr.: io 
 send many cs to some learned journal, 
 *acta eruditorum multis accessionibus 
 augere. Moms ap. Kr. in this sense 
 coramentarius and dimin. commentario- 
 lus (-luni) might sometimes be used: 
 as, ire have received many cs on the 
 subject of this inscription, *multi ad 
 nos pervenerunt de hac inscriptione com- 
 mentaril. 
 
 contributor : collator ; or expr. 
 
 witli part. : as, burdensome to the cs, 
 
 *qiiod confereutibus oneri est: see verb. 
 
 contrite : *corde contritus, or simply 
 
 contritus . Aug. : v. penitent. 
 
 contritely : 'acerba poenitentia, 
 corde contrito: v. penitently. 
 
 contrition: 1. *contritio: Lact.: 
 Aug. 2. poenitentia : v. penitence, 
 
 KEPEN'^ANCE. 
 
 contrivance : _ [, The act of con- 
 triving: 1. excogitatio, inventio : ▼. 
 invention.. 2. machinatio; there ha* 
 been giren to some brutes a sort of c, 
 data est quibusdam besiiis m. quaedam, 
 Cic. 3. molitlo (implying effort): 
 
 Cic. (N.B. The notion may sometimes 
 be conveyed by means of the plur. of 
 concrete substantives: as, by whose c. 
 u as it briiuyht about f quorum arti- 
 ficiis effectum est? Cic: laying aside 
 c. and deceit, reniotis strophis et fucis. 
 Sen. : see L. 6. ?9i.) ||. Thing con^ 
 trivfd: 1. ars, artificium : v. arti- 
 fice. 2. inventum : all the Godt 
 bring perdition on you, with that c and 
 project of yours I ut te omnes Dii cum 
 istoc in. atque incepto perduint ! Ter. 
 3. (in comic writers) : strCpha, 
 terhna ; v. trick. 4, machina : / 
 will devise some c. for getting gold, 
 aliqnara macbinabor m. unde aurum 
 efflciam, Plaut. : Cic. : Quint. 5. May 
 be expr. with verb: as. O clever c! 
 rem excogitaiam ! Cic. : to hit npon some 
 c, aliquid comminisci atque excogitare : 
 V. foil. art. 
 
 contrive: 1. comminiscor, com- 
 mentus, j {to devise, invent, make up): 
 to c. a lie, mendacium c, PI. : to c. a 
 crime, seelus c. Quint. 2. exc5- 
 
 gito, I {to think out) : to make or c. 
 something northy of a gift of the Hods, 
 aliquid dignum dono deorum aut effitere 
 
 I
 
 CONTRI V E R 
 
 C O N V E N K R 
 
 CONVERGENCE 
 
 ant ex., Clc. ■ v. t<> invent. 3. siruo, 
 xi. ctum, J (always in a bad sense) : to 
 e. snares fur any one. InsMias alicui 8., 
 Llv. • to c. an;i one's (hath, mortem 
 alicui 8., Tac. 4. maclilnor, i {with 
 
 ingenuitij) : musicians haiK c.d these 
 two things fin- ptetisun; rh>/tlim and 
 tang, haec duo nuisici niacliinati ad vo- 
 Inptatem sunt, versum atqiie cantum, 
 Clc Lucr. Ksp. in bad beiise, to c. 
 death for ami one, ueccm alicui ni., 
 Llv. 5 invCnio, vcni, venivim, 4 (to 
 find out). I lately c.d a certain trich, 
 iDveni quandam nuper fallaciam, Ter. . 
 he couUl not c. hmv to support his un- 
 founded accusatkm, llle quumodo crimen 
 conimenticlura confirmarct non invenie- 
 bal, Cic. 6. niolior, 4 (implying 
 
 effort) : to plot and c. some calamity lor 
 some one, slruere et m. allquid calami- 
 tatis alicui, Cic. Phr. . to c. secret 
 schemes, consilia secrela coqiiere, Liv. : 
 in neneral, to c. a plan may be e.xpr. by 
 consilium, rationem iiiire : Cic. (v. 
 flan) : to c. deceit, dolum nectere, Llv. : 
 to c. that something may come to pass, 
 faceie, eflficere ut aliquid tiai, Cic. 
 
 contriver: 1. nioUtor (usu. of 
 some great work) : the maimer and c. of 
 the UMiuerse, effector munitl ni.que, Cic. : 
 tlie c. of murder, caedis m., Tac. 2. 
 artifex, Ticis (in this sense usu. with 
 bad application): c.sfor comipting the [ 
 trial, artifices ad corrumpiiidum judi- I 
 clum, Cic: a c. of misjortune^, a. ina- I 
 lorum.Ov. 3. Inventor (v. inventor): 
 a c. of wickednesses, scelerum in.,VirK. 
 /em. inventnx, Virg. 4. niachliiator: 
 Cic Join: arcbitectus et macbinator : 
 Cic. 
 
 control (m«6s) ■• 1. mSdSratio : 
 
 the c. of an unbridled people, m. effrenati 
 populi, Cic. 2. p6testas (usu. of 
 
 rightful authority): let us recover our 
 self-c.. In p. nostram redeamus, Cato: 
 to lose self-c, ex p. ejiire, Cic. : to be 
 under any one's poiver and c. In alicujus 
 ditione ac p. esse, Cic. . v. power, ac- 
 THOBiTT 3. rSgimen, inis, n. .- v. 
 
 BDLE, GOVERNMENT. Phr. to hat^e the 
 c. over, praeesse, imperare, praelectum 
 ease: v to command: possessing c, 
 compi>s, 6tis' esp. in phr. compos animi, 
 Ter. ; mentis c, Cic. : In sim. sense p6- 
 tens is used; as, hainng c. over one's 
 anger, potens irae. Curt. ; destitute of 
 it., impOtens to do anything in a pas- 
 sion or fn mi having lost self c, aliquid 
 Iratum, impotenii animo facere, Cic. ; v. 
 
 nNGOVEKNABLE. 
 
 control (i'-) -■ 1. impero, i (with 
 dat.): V. TO GOVERN. 2. niodgror, i 
 (usu. with dat., esp. in this sense: v. to 
 bulk): to c. one's timgue, m. linguae, 
 PI. to c. wives, uxoribus m.. Cic. : to c. 
 one's anger, iraem , Hor. 3. tempgro, 
 I (with dot or ace.) : v. to regulate ; 
 the denius which c.S my native star, 
 Geniu8 qui natale t. astruni, Hor. : 
 Aeolus C.S Ihiir anger, Aeolus t. iras, 
 Virg. (.Mixleror is to keep within 
 bounds : tenipero, to i egulate and adjust 
 duly.) 4. reprlmo comprlmo v. 
 10 CHECK, UEI■RE^ss. 5. coerceo, 2 (to 
 curb, restrain, coerce) : to c. the desires, 
 c. cupidltati'S, Cic. See also to re- 
 strain, MODERATE Pbr, . unable to 
 c, Impdtens. foil, by gen : v. preced. 
 art., /in. 
 
 controller ; 1. m6d?rator, /. mo- 
 dCrairix- Cic. 2. gubi'mator, rector ■ 
 V. RiJLBR. 3. Kxpr. with verb qui 
 teniperat, comprlmit, etc. v. preced. 
 art. Phr.: c. (or comptroller) of taxes, 
 (?) contrascriptor v. Korcell. s. v. 
 
 controlling (part, adj.) : p6tens, 
 compos, Ctis V. control (fln.). 
 
 controversial: concermtorius: used 
 by Clc. with ref. to fonnsic eloquence 
 ' forense. concertatorinni, judiciale ge- 
 nus," Brut. 8l, 28"). Phr.. intermi- 
 nable c. disoissifms, infinitae concerta- 
 tlonumqne plenae disputationes, Cic. a 
 e. matter: res controversa et plena dis- 
 eenslonis inter doctissiraos, id. Leg. i, 
 lo, 52; by melon, ihe c. pen, pugna.x 
 et quasi liellatorius stilus, Plin. Lp. 7, 
 9, 7 (where again the reference is to the 
 
 bar): c. writings, •libri theologlci qui 
 de rebus conlroversis scrlpti sunt : 0. 
 theoUigy, •theologia ea quae in rebus 
 dubiis atque controversis versatur; the- 
 ologiae ea pars quae se indlscrepantlum 
 opinionum ilisceptatione jattat (Kr. and 
 G.) N.B. Not coniroversialis or con- 
 troversiosus, which are unnecessary and 
 without gocKl authority, 
 controversialist : *homo contro- 
 
 vcr!.iaruni s lotn erUillonuin peritus: in 
 divinity, *coiilroversiaruni liiictor. 
 
 controversy : 1. concenatio • a 
 barre?i c. about words. Jejuna verborum 
 c, Clc: discussions abounding in c, 
 concertatlonum plenae disputationes. 
 Id.: V. Disi'CTE. 2. conlroversia 
 
 (properly in law ; but common in gene- 
 ral sense) : to Irring a thing into c. rem 
 in c. vocare, adducere. Cic. ; deducere, 
 Caes. : to put an end to a c, c. toUere, 
 dirimere, Cic. : to .settle or arrange a c. 
 c com]X)nere, Caes. ; sedare, Cic. : there 
 is a c. anumg ivriters about the number 
 of years, c. est inter scriptores de nn- 
 niero annonim, Cic. 3. disceplatio: 
 i. e. a debate ; not implying any un- 
 friendly feeling : v. dispute. 4. (I's- 
 senslo : i. e. difference of opinion : v. 
 disagreement. Phr.: the c. is still 
 undecided, adhuc. sub judice lis est, 
 Hor. : the matter of c., id de quo agitur, 
 Cic. Ill abstract sense, &s fond of c., 
 the plur. of concenatio or controversia 
 had better be used, as, a theologian de- 
 voted to c, •doctor [theologicus] concer- 
 tatlonibns atque controversiis deditus, 
 totus In illis : see L. G. 591. 
 
 controvert : impugno. i (with ace) : 
 V. TO A!*ail, dispute. Or expr. with 
 controversiaT v. preced. art. See also 
 to refittf., confdte. 
 
 controverted {part, mlj.) .- contro- 
 versus : to assume as certain what is 
 doubtful and c, id sumere pro certo 
 quod dubium c.que sit, Cic. (But there 
 is no such verb as coniroverlo ) 
 
 controvertible : *quod in contro- 
 
 versiara s. discept^ilioiieni, etc, vocari 
 s.adducl potest: v.c()NT1<o\ i:iisY; *quod 
 impugnarl, contra[in coiitiariam^ partem 
 did, disputari potest . v. tc iuspute. 
 
 contumacious : 1. conttimax, 
 acis: c. words, c. voces, Tac: Cic: also 
 used In legal sense: Hermog. Dig. 2. 
 pertliiax; v. obstinate. 3. refrac- 
 liirius (rare) : Join: contumax ac re- 
 IracUirius : Sen. : v. refractory. 
 
 contumaciously : contumaclter, 
 
 Cic. : Liv, 
 
 contumaciousness ) 1, contii- 
 
 COntumacy ) macla Cic. : 
 
 Liv. 2, contumax animus : Tac. : v. 
 insolence, obstinacy. 
 
 contumelious : contumeliosus, pro- 
 brosus V. insulting. 
 
 contumeliously : contiimeliose: V. 
 insolently. i:iomewlMt c, subconttme- 
 liose, Clc. 
 
 contumely : Expr. with pi. of con- 
 tuinelia : as, to heap c. ^pon any one, 
 plurim:is c. alicui imponere : sinily. with 
 probrum : as, aliquem probris vexare, 
 Cic: V. insult, affront. 
 
 contuse : 1. contundo, tudi, tusum, 
 } : V. to bruise and foil. art. 2. 
 
 .siigiUo, I : c.d or bruised parts, sugil- 
 lata aut liventia, Plin. 20, 6, 56. 
 
 contusion: 1. contusio- to be 
 
 good for c.S {b)'uists), ad c prodesse, 
 Scrib. 2. contiisum ■ P!in. 
 
 convalescence: i- e. state of one 
 
 recovering health: expr. with verb; as, 
 it is good for persons in a state of c, 
 convalescentibus utile est, convenit, 
 Plin. : there is great enjoynuiit tn c. 
 *convalescentium niagiiae voluptates 
 sunt : (con valescentia is lounil in Symm., 
 but should be avoided) : v. foil. art. 
 
 convalescent: expr. with conva- 
 
 lesco, viilul, i: to be good for c. patients, 
 convalescentibus utile esse, prodesse, 
 
 Plin. : v. TO BF.COVEB. 
 
 convene : [*<1 concilium] vocare, con- 
 vocare : v. to assemble, summon. With 
 ref. to the senate, senatr.m vocare, con- 
 vocare, cogere, Cic. 
 
 convener : P h r. . to be c. i/ a 
 
 committee, *consilil convocandi juB hal^ 
 ere. 
 
 convenience : 1. commSdTtas: 
 esp. oj ojportunity {" in loco oppurta- 
 nilas, in occasione commoditas ad fac- 
 iendum idonea conslderanda est," Cic 
 inv. 2, 12, 40): to have regard to c. (in 
 building a house), comtnodilatis dlli- 
 gentiam adhlbere, Cic Off. 1, 59, ij8-. 
 v. ADVANTAGE. 2, o|ip'irtfinitas (e.^p. 
 of place : v. supra): certainly irt war 
 c. of positions is of advantage, certe in 
 armig locorum valet op., Cic. : also of 
 lime and other things, op. temporura, 
 Cic. 3. iitllitas, usus : v. expe- 
 
 diency, UTILITY. I'hr. : ax far a» 
 suits your c, quod coinniodo tuo fiat, 
 Cic. : to have regard for one's own c, 
 sibi servlre, Cic. : so of things intended 
 for the convenience of persons, Plin.: 
 Front. : to form on^s plans according 
 to c, ad tempus consilium capere, Cic. 
 
 convenient: I. H- coming, proinr: 
 esp. after the verb to be : when it may 
 hv rendered by convenire, decere : v. to 
 BECOME, BEFIT, etc. ||, 0]>portune, 
 
 serving to utility : 1. comra6dus : 
 i. e. generally advantagettus or d/sirable .- 
 a dress c.for running, vestis ad cursum 
 c, Ov. : the most c. )iassage to Hritain, 
 commodissimus in Britanniam trajectus, 
 Caes.: c. winter quarters, hiherna c, 
 Liv. Very c, peraimmiklus, Liv. 2. 
 opportflnus: ebp.oi place: a c. place, a 
 suitable time, op locus, tempus idoneum, 
 Cic. : thirtgs c.for separate putposes, res 
 op siugulae rebus singulis, id.: v. suit- 
 able. 3. idoneus; i. e. ansivering a 
 pai ticular end : v. fit, suitable 4. 
 habllis, e : esp. of things worn, handled, 
 or manipulated : swords of c. length, 
 gladii habiles brevitate, Liv.: material 
 light and c. for the purpose, materia. 
 levis et ad rem h.. Sen.; Cic. Join: 
 habilis et aptus, Cic. 5. accomnift- 
 datus, appositus : v. adapted, prr. 
 Phr.: a c. season, occasio: "tempus 
 actionjs opportunum, Graece evKaipCa, 
 Latine appellator occasio," Cic: more 
 c. seasons, majores occasiones, Cic. : also 
 opportunilas lemporis, id. (or opportu- 
 nit;is alone) ; also tempus alone ; esp. 
 in aid. tempore, at a c. time, as opp. to 
 tempore non apto, Ov. ; Cic: Tar. 
 
 conveniently : 1. commSdg : 
 
 Caes. : Cic. Very c, percomniode. Cic 
 N.B. Not commodum, which means just 
 at the time : Ter. : Cic 2. oppor- 
 tune, idonee, apte : v. suitably. 
 
 convent: coenOblum, mOnasterium: 
 v. monastery, monastic. 
 
 conventicle (a word used only la 
 Invidious .sense): conventiculnm : rare: 
 but used in Cic. for an assembly or meet- 
 ing, in Tac. for the place of meeting. 
 Tac. has conciliabula in a somewhat 
 similar sense to that of the Knglish: 
 ■' per conciliabula et coetus seditlos* 
 disserebant," A. j, 40. 
 
 convention: I. Assembly: con- 
 tio, conventus : v. assembly. ||. An 
 agreement : 1. conventlo : Liv. : 
 
 lac. 2, pactum: v. agreement. 
 
 conventional : '■ e. having only the 
 force of general consent : no exact word. 
 I'hr.: "signs arbitrary and c." 'noiaa 
 quiie nonnisi ex usu trulatlcio slgniB- 
 cationem trahunt; quae usu inter ho- 
 mines receptae sunt, in usu lotae contl- 
 nentur : v. usual. 
 
 converge : vergo, j . prop, to slope, 
 incline: hence requiring in medium, in 
 se, or some such phr. to be added . cf. 
 Cic N. D. 2, 45, 1 16. where it is used of 
 the particles composing the earth con- 
 verging towards the centre, in medium 
 vergentes. (Lucr. uses declinare. in- 
 cllnare of his converging atoms. 2. 221, 
 24!) of rays of light, *in uno puncto 
 concurrere, congregari, coire, l*es Carl. 
 Diopt. (N.B. Notconvergo, a word which 
 is not found.) Fig., all these lims of 
 argument c, 'omnia haec argumenta in 
 unum tendunt : v. to tend. 
 
 convergence ( expr. witb verb : as. 
 
 convergency * **«■« """< ^ " slight 
 c, paulum iiicUnare necesse est corpora 
 Lucr. 2, 24j, 4, etc . see verb. 
 
 157
 
 CON V ERGENT 
 
 CONVEY AWAY 
 
 CONVINCE 
 
 convergent (.adj.): quae in unum 
 vergunt, etc see verb. 
 
 conversable : 1. affabiiis • v. af- 
 TABLE. (N.B I'hc I^tin wurd does not 
 imply any condescension.) 2. comis: 
 
 V. COURTEOUS. 
 
 conversableness : comitas atfabi- 
 
 litasque semionis, Cic. 
 
 conversably : affablUter : Macr. : 
 Gell. 
 
 conversant: pSritus, e.\ercltafu8 .- 
 V. EXPF.RIENCEn, PRACTISED. Phr. : 
 perfectly c. vith law, in jure paratissi- 
 mus, Cic: c. with incessant labour, 
 labore assidiio assueti, Cic: c. mth 
 Greek and Latin literature, doctus et 
 Graecis literis et Latinis, Cic. : v. 
 LEARNED. Esp. in pbr. to be c. vith, 
 i. e. tn have much to do with, deal with : 
 (1.) versor, i : to be c. with all liberal 
 arts, in omnibus ingenius artibus v., 
 Cic: shall not he (the oratm) be c. with 
 ■measures and numbers? circa mensuras 
 ac numeros non versahitur orator ? Cic. : 
 men c. with a rariety of public affairs, 
 viri in reruni varietate versati, Cic. 
 always c. I'-ith ai-ms, semper inter arma 
 versatus, Veil. : very c. with, multum 
 versatus in allqua re, Nep. (2.) ratio- 
 nem habere cum aliqua re : i. e. to have 
 to do with it : v TO DEAL WITH. 
 
 conversation: I. conduct gene- 
 rally (obsul. ill Ibis sense) : conversa- 
 
 tiO, vita : V. CONDUCT, BF.HAVIOi:ii. II, 
 
 Talk : 1, CjllOquium (esp. but not 
 solely, of conversation ./or some particu- 
 lar purpose: V. CONFERKNCE: in the 
 same sense is used coUocuiio, Cic) : he 
 is not in want of another's c, colloqiilo 
 alterius non eget. Cic : the c.s of absent 
 friends (i. e. epistolary correspondence), 
 coUoquia amicorum absentium, Cic. : to 
 have secret c.s with any one, secreta c. 
 cum aliquo serere, Liv. 2. sermo, 
 onis, m. (the most general term for all 
 kinds of discourse : q. v.) : to carry on 
 a e. with any one, s. cum aliquo con- 
 ferre, Cic. ; sermones caedere (lomici), 
 Ter. Heaut. 2, J, I : they joined in much 
 and various c, mnlta inter sese vario s. 
 serebant, Virg. : to begin or open c., ser- 
 monem occipere, Ter. : to Ungt!.en out 
 c. purposely, longlorem consulto ini^ti- 
 tuere s., Caes. : to prolong a feast till 
 late in the night with varied c, convi- 
 vium ad multam noctem vario s. pro- 
 ducere : cf Hor. aeslivani sermone 
 benigno tendere noctem ; and PI. diem 
 terere sermone : the language of c. or 
 correspondence, soluta oratio qualis in 
 sermone et epistolis, yuiiit. : to become a 
 topic of general c, in sermonem homi- 
 num venire, Cic. 3. sermocinatio 
 
 (rare) : Gel!. 4. congressus, con- 
 
 gressio: v. interview. 5. confabii- 
 latio (v. rare) Symm. Phr.: to hold 
 c. u-ith any one, coUoqui ; v. to con- 
 verse. III. CHminal c. : aduUgrium : 
 
 V. ADULTRltY. 
 
 conversational : expr. with sermo 
 as, c. language (soluta) qualis in sermone 
 est, Cic. ; scrmoni propior, Hor. 
 
 converse (« ) •• 1. coiisquor. cotus, 
 
 J : to c. With one another, inter se c, 
 Cic ; ivith anybody, cum aliquo c, Cic. ; 
 by messengers, per internuncios, Nep. 
 (N.B. Pi. construes the verb with an 
 occ. of the person.) 2. congredior, 
 gressus, } : i. e. to hare an i7itervieiv 
 with, V. INTERVIEW. 3. expr. with 
 sermo : as, sermonem cum aliquo coii- 
 ferre, serere, caedi-re, etc. : v. conver- 
 sation. 4. coniabiilor, i (rare) : PI 
 Ter. : also fabulor, PI. : Suet. 5. 
 eermocinor, i (rare) . Cic 
 
 converse (suOs.) : |. intercourse : 
 
 1. congressus, iis: familiar c, c. 
 
 flimiliaris, Cic. v. society, inter- 
 
 OOnRSE. 2. congressio = congressus : 
 
 Cic; V.COMl-ANV.CONVEIUSATION. ||. 
 
 In logic : expr. by yuint. by the word 
 retrorsum, thus in some propositions 
 the c. is ai*o trtie, quaedam et retrorsum 
 idem valont, 5, q, 6 . also, of other the c. 
 is not trut'. quaed.im in contrarivmi non 
 recurrunt, ib. As logical t. t. : •con- 
 versub: Aldr. 
 
 conversely : retrorsum Cic. : 
 158 
 
 Quint. : V. preced. art. As logical v. t, : 
 *e converso : v. preced. art. 
 
 conversion: I. In general sense, 
 turning or cliavging : conversio, com- 
 miitatio v. change. ||, The c. ';/ 
 a syllogism: conversio- Aldr. |||, 
 Religious : *conversio : " sincera ad 
 Deum et omne bonum conversio," Hel- 
 vet. Conf. : to labour aftei the c. of the 
 Ireathen : *laborare ut gentes ad Christi 
 fidem convertantur. 
 
 convert («•)■• I. ''0 change or 
 turn from one state, etc., to arvither : 
 converto, verto ; miito, commiito : TO 
 
 TURN, TKAN.-^FORM. ||. In logic ; COn- 
 
 verto, J : Aldr. |||. To alter a per- 
 son's opinion by persuasion : aliquem 
 de senientia (sua) deducore, dejicere, 
 demovere, Cic. : in pass., to be c.'d (in 
 addition to the passives of the above), 
 sententia, de sententia, docedere, desis- 
 tere; sententiam mutare, Cic. |V. 
 To turn to a new religious faith : ad 
 Deum convertere, Vulg. ; ad fidem 
 Christi convertere, Beda. (In pass, may 
 be expr. with transire, etc ). V. ^^ 
 turn to one's onn use: verto, ti, sum, j : 
 to c. money to otte's own uses, pecuiiiani 
 ad se V. : Cic. : v. to APPitorBiATE, 
 
 APPLT. 
 
 convert (subs.) : disclpiilus : v. dis- 
 ciple, a nei'- c., neophytus- Tert. (Or 
 expr. with part, of converio: see verb.) 
 
 converted (part, adj.) .- theul. t. t. : 
 qui ad Deum, ad fidem Christianam con- 
 versus est : v. to convert. 
 
 convertible : commutabilis : Cic. 
 (or expr. wiih verb: as, quod mutirl, 
 verti, converti, etc, possit). Esp. of 
 propositions: ac. proposition, quoii re- 
 troi-sum idem valet, Quint.: v. coi*- 
 
 VERsE. 
 
 convex: 1. convexus (also ap- 
 plicable to what is concave: q. v.) ■ the 
 c. globe, c orbis, Cic. 2. gibbus 
 opp. to concavus, Cels. 8, i : v. gibbous. 
 
 convexity : convexitas. Plin. • 
 *forma roiumia atque convexa : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 convey: I. To carry, bear, trans- 
 port: 1. adveho, vexi, vectum, } (to 
 c. to a place) : esp. in pass. : / ivent on 
 board the boat and am c.'d to the ship, 
 ascendi In leiiibum atque ad navem ad- 
 vehor. Plant. Cic. 2. convgho, j (to 
 bring together or from several quarters) : 
 to c. corn from the neighbouring dis- 
 tricts into the city, frumentum ex fini- 
 timis regionibus in urbem c, Caes. 3. 
 depiirto, I (to c. clown or to a place of 
 destination) : he will c. you dou-n to 
 Leucas, te Leucadem deportabit, Cic. • 
 the ships had c.'d a part of the army 
 thitlier, naves partem exenitus eo de- 
 portaverant, Caes. : to c. com into the 
 camp, frumentum in castra d., id. 4, 
 asporto ( i. e. absporto : to c a " a^) to 
 c. tilings airay in i-ehii:les. res asp, vehi- 
 culis, Liv. : Cic. 5. devgho, ; (= de- 
 p^rto). to c. corn to a spot, frumentum 
 aliquo d., Caes. : to c the imunded into 
 the town, saucios in oppldum d., Liv. 
 6. pervfiho, j (to c. to the end) : to 
 c. suppliis anywhere, commeatus p., 
 Liv. (N.B. For fero and its compounds, 
 which are chiefly used of bearing on the 
 person or in the haruis, see TO bring : 
 also to CARRY.) II, To transfer pro- 
 perty legally . transcribo (.') v. to 
 transfek to c. aiiay, abalieno, i : v. 
 to alienate. III. Fig.: to impart : 
 as, to c. an impression, signlfico, I . v. 
 TO mean, SIGNIFY: perhaps I have un- 
 intentionally c.'d a wrong impression, 
 *fortas<e imp udens minus diligenler 
 rem significaverim ; in sententiam minus 
 rectam [tej deduxerim. 
 
 across : 1. transmilto. misi, 
 
 niissum, j the army is quickly c.'d 
 across, exercitus celeriter transmittitur, 
 Caes. lac. 2. trmsveho, } . to c. 
 across, milites tr., Caes. : Liv. 3, 
 transjicio (trajicio), Jeci, Jectum, }: to 
 c. the .toldiers across a river, milites 
 trans flumon tr., Liv.: <'aes. 4, 
 transporto ; v. to xBANSPOisT. 
 
 away : 1. a!;p..rto, i v. 
 
 preced. art. (4). 2. aufero, j, irr.: 
 
 V. TO CARRY AWAT. Phr.: toc.oneself 
 away to an island, abdire se in insulam, 
 Tac. . Caes. : Cic. ; se aniovere, Ter. : 
 
 Liv.: V. TO RETIRE, WITHDRAW. 
 
 convey down : deporto, devgho : ▼. 
 preced. art. 
 
 up; 1. subveho, j: to c. 
 
 corn in ships vp tin- rii-er Avar, fru- 
 mentum flumine Arari navibuss., Caes.: 
 the roads by nhirh snpjilies vere c.'d 
 from Samnium, viae per quas commea- 
 tus ex Samnio subvelieliaiitur, Liv. : the 
 frequent, subvecto Is used in the same 
 way : Tac. 2. supporto, i : to c. 
 com and supplies tip frirm the country 
 of the Sequani, frumentum commeatus- 
 que ex Sequanis s., Caes. : Liv. 
 
 conveyance: I. The act: por- 
 
 taiio. vectio, vectQra, advectio (to a 
 phice) : V. cakkiage. Also, invectlo 
 (ii to a place), a.-ipurtatio (away from a, 
 place), exportiitio (out of a country'), 
 transportatio, transniissio (across). Or 
 perh. better expr. with verb: as, /or 
 the c. of su]ipl<es, *ad commeatus ve- 
 heiidos, subvehendos, etc. : v. to con- 
 vey. II, Instrument of c: 1. 
 vectQra (prob. only in p'.) : rowers, 
 arms, coiTi, c.s were ordered, remiges, 
 arma, frumenta. vecturae imperabantur, 
 Caes. 2. vehiculum: Cic: v. ve- 
 hicle. III. in law: of property i 
 transcriptio (?), Gai. ?, 128 : the in.'^tru^ 
 ment, transtripilonis s. abalienatiouis 
 litierae : v. Gai. 1. c. 
 
 conveyancer : tabeliio, onis (a per- 
 son whose business was to draw up 
 deeds) : Ulp. 
 
 convict (" ) •• 1. eonvinco, vici, 
 victum, J (usu. with gen. of the •■ffence, 
 sometimes abl. or in and abl.) : to c. 
 any one of inhumanity, of fully, aliquem 
 c. inhuman! talis, amentiae, Cic. : to con 
 many charges of avarice, multis avari- 
 tiae criminibus c, Cic. : to fee c.'d in a 
 similar offence, in pari peccato con- 
 vinci, Cic: to be c.'d of having done 
 anything, aliquld fecisse convinci, 
 Liv. 2. revinco, ? (less frequent: 
 constr. same as eonvinco) : to be c.'d in 
 a lie, in mendacio revinci, Ulp. . I'ac. 
 (Prob. not in Cic; for revinci. Arch. 6, 
 means to be disprored.) 3. damno, 
 condemno, i (of the judicial sentenced) t 
 V. TO (X)NDEMN. 4. cCarguo, i, utum, 
 i (not Judicial : usu. with ace. and gen.): 
 to c. any one of avarice, aliquem avari- 
 tiae c, Cic. : Liv. 5. comp6rio, 4 : 
 V TO DETECT. Phr.: to 6« plainly c.'d 
 by witnesse.s, testibus in re perspicua 
 teneri, Cic. : Quint. 
 
 convict (subs.) : qui ad poenam dam- 
 natus est . Plin. Ep. 10, 44 (41) : v. foil, 
 art 
 
 convicted : convlctns, rgvictus, com- 
 pertus, etc. : v. supr. : clearly c, manl- 
 festus (with gen.) : c. of a lie, men- 
 dacii m., PI. • c. of capital offences, re- 
 rum capit^ilium m.. Sail. 
 
 conviction : I. The act of find- 
 ing guilty : 1. damnatio : most cruel 
 C.S of accused persons, reorum acerbis- 
 simae d., Cic. : c. for bribing, d. ambi- 
 tus, Cic (less freq., condemnatio : Ulp.) 
 2, If the proof of guilt rather than 
 the sentence be meant, expr. with verb: 
 as, to bring about the c. of an accused 
 person, *etlicere ut sceleris manifestus 
 fiat . to have as clear as possibU ac. of 
 the conspirators, coiijuratos quam maxi- 
 me manifestos hab«re. Sail. : v. preced. 
 articles. ||, ■•^'tate of being sensible 
 of guilt: conscientia ; v. consciousnf.S3. 
 Ill, Act of convincing of eri or : per- 
 suasio V. PERSUASION. ly. Belief: 
 Phr.: I have a strong c, mihi persua- 
 sum, persuasissimum est, Cic. ; magiius 
 mihl animus est (where hope and desire 
 are implied), Tac. Agr. }o, inil. : r. 
 belief, peksuasion. 
 
 convince : 1. persuadeo, si, sum, 
 2 (with dot. or absol.) : they especially 
 desire to c. (their pupils'^ of this, that 
 souls do not jierish. imprimis hoc volant 
 p., non Interire auimas '!aes. : Cic. The 
 pass, to be expr. by prun. reflect., or by 
 pass, impers. (v. L. G. } 291 Obs. l): 1 
 wi<ih you to be c.d of th • s, that I wiu of
 
 CONVINCING 
 
 COOI. 
 
 CSOPER ATION 
 
 no occoiion fail to aid your plans, velim 
 tibi ita persuadeas, me tuis cunsiliis 
 nullo loco defuturum, Cic. : ht Jor his 
 part was cd, sibi quidem persuaderi 
 (foil, by ace and iri/.),Caes. N.B. Per- 
 suadeo may be used with ace. of neut. 
 pron., ace. to L. G. ^ 2?}, but not with 
 an ordinary ace. 2. ad sententiam 
 aliquam adduco, deduco . i. e. to bnng 
 over to a certain opinion or resolution : 
 V. TO CONVERT (111.) P h f. ' / have 
 been c.d by experience, I am cd, com- 
 pertum habeo, Sail.; mihi exploratum, 
 persuiisissimum est, Cic. (all foil, by 
 ace. and inf. [persuasum habeo is doubt- 
 ful] cl. CONVICTION, /in.). (06s. Not 
 convince, which Is to ccmvict, prove, 
 coyifute). 
 
 convincing (adj.): 1, ad per- 
 suadeiiduin aptus, accommodaius : see 
 verb. 2. Use magims, qnantus, etc. ■ 
 as, it is u c. proof, magno argumento 
 est (foil, by ace. and 171/.); Cic. 3. 
 persuasibilis yuint. Phr. : c. argu- 
 ments, argumenta firnia ad probandum, 
 Cic. (if by way of refutation, ad errores 
 rerellendos, convlncundus .- v. to re- 
 fute), 
 
 convincingly : apposite (apte, etc.), 
 ad persuadendum, Cic: v. fitly: (per- 
 Buasibililer occurs in Quint.). Some- 
 times graviter may do: v. WKiuHTti.v. 
 
 convivial : expr. with convivium, 
 etc. : as, c. entertainments, comissa- 
 tiones, convivia; c. enjoyments, conv\- 
 viorum oblectamenta, etc.: v. enter- 
 tainment. (Cic. has epularis, and Liv. 
 convivalis in the sense of appertaining 
 to entertainments.) Sometime8= merry : 
 hilaris ; qui genio (suo) indulgere solet : 
 
 V. GENIAL. 
 
 conviviality : niay often be expr. 
 with pi. of convivium : as he was not 
 given to c, non in couvivlis versatus est, 
 Cic. pro Quinl. 18, 59: still stronger is 
 comissationes : thus Liv. has, convivils 
 comissaiionibusque otium terere, 40, i } : 
 or expr. with verb : as, convlvarl fre- 
 qnenter ac large, Suet. Sometimes = 
 mirth, genial temper : hilaritas ; inge- 
 nium ad convivia aptum, pioiium : v. 
 
 GENIALITT. 
 
 convocation: I. The act of con- 
 
 vokiny : conv6calio : v. convene : also 
 used lor, ||. The assemblage : conv6- 
 catio, M. L. 
 
 convoke : convOco, vOco, cogo : V. 
 
 TO CX)NVENE, ASSEMBLE. 
 
 convolution : splra : the c.s of the 
 intestines, spirae intestinorum, Lact. 
 
 convolvulus: convolvillus : Plin. 
 
 convoy (!>•) •■ 1. deduco, xi, ctum, 
 i: v. to ESCORT. 2. cOniitor, i : i.e. 
 to accompany, q. v. : or more precisely, 
 *praesidii causa comitari. 
 
 convoy (subs.) .- |. a train or 
 company : 1, commeatus, us : esp. 
 of supplies : V. CARAVAN. 2. cOmi- 
 
 tatus, us : V. TRAIN. II, The protect- 
 ing escort : praesidium : applicable to 
 any guard; "praesidium dedit ut tuto 
 pervenlret," Nep. Kpam. 4 : so, (.; ferve 
 as a c, may be expr. by praesidio esse 
 [in itinere], v. pitoTEcrioN: a c. of 
 ships, praesidiariae naves. 
 
 convulse: I. To shale violently: 
 1, conciitio, cussi,cussuni, } : toe. or 
 disturb the common wealth, lempublicam 
 c, Cic. : Veil.: V. TO SHAKE. 2. con- 
 vello, velli, vulsum, i : to c. tht state, 
 c. statum civitatis, Cic. v. to oveu- 
 THROW. 3. labefacto, coUabefacto, 
 
 1 (i. e. to shake so as to endanger) : 
 Join: labelactare atque convellere, Cic. 
 4. &gito, vexo, I : v. to agitate, 
 HARASS. But none of the iibove is 
 quite so strong as the Kng. : pcrli. to 
 c. the state, may be expr. by reinpub- 
 licam atrociter vexare, scditiunihus agi- 
 tare, etc. Phr.: to t-e c.d with luuyh- 
 ter, risu corruere, Cic. ; risu eniori, Ter. : 
 v. LAUGHrER. LI. In medicine : to 
 cause convulsions, lonvulsiones, spasmos 
 facere, spasmo vexare . v. convulsion, 
 
 SPASM. 
 
 convulsed : (medical) convulsus 
 Suet. : vjuint. : v. foil. art. 
 convulsion : I. I" gen- sense- 
 
 violent disturbance : mOtus, pertur- 
 batio V COMMOTION, DISTURBANCE. 
 
 But neither of the above is sufficiently 
 strong Cic. has "videtis in quo motu 
 temporuni, ()u;inta in couversione rerum 
 ac perturbiitione versemur," Fl. J7, 
 extr. II. Medical: 1. convulslo. 
 often in pi. : Cels. : Plin. 2. spas- 
 mus, i to suffer from c.s, spasmo 
 vexari, Scrib. . it prevents c.«, spasmos 
 fieri pmhlbet, Plin. : also spausma, atis, 
 n. : id. 
 
 convulsive: spasilcus: Plin. 
 
 convulsively : *"t spasmo laborans, 
 qu:isi spasmo aliquis vexarctur. 
 
 cony: cuniculus: V. KABBIT. 
 
 coo ("•)•■ precise word not known 
 Virg. uses gSmo (Fkl. i, 59), Hor. qufi- 
 ror, Epod 2, 26. Plin. calls the coo of 
 the dove gemltus, 10, };, 52. Ph r. : to 
 bill and c, labris columbari, Messal. ap. 
 Sen. Kp. 1 14 ; basia [inter se] dare co- 
 lumbatlm, Anthol. ; v. to bill. 
 
 cooing (subs.) : ggmitus, lis, Piin. 
 (v. supr.). Fig.: billing and cooing 
 perh., exosciilatio : which Plin. (I.e.) 
 uses of the action of birds, or expr. 
 with verb: v, pieced, art. 
 
 cooing (adj.) : qugrulus : Ov. 
 
 cook (".)•• I. Trans.- cOquo, 
 coxi, coctum, i : toe. a dinner, coenam 
 c, PI.: to c. /ood, cibum cLucr..- clba- 
 ria c, Liv. : Cic. : also absol. • ice have 
 come to the wedding to c. venimus coc- 
 tum ad nuptias, 'PI. Hence 'be comps., 
 incCquo, toe. (esp. to boil) in something, 
 as in oil, etc.: I'lln. : to c. thoroughly, 
 perc6quo, id. : also concoquo, decCquo 
 (rare in this sense). Phr.: to soften 
 food by c.in^, cibos mitigare, Cic.; Igne 
 [fervent! aqua] mollire. Sen.: to be 
 more readily c.'d (by boiling), celerius 
 madescere,Col. (N.B. Not paro; which 
 would mean to pet fo<xl.) ||. 7bproc- 
 tise as cook: cSquino, i: PI.: but v. 
 ti^pr. III. Intrans. : to become 
 
 ready for food : igni, aqua ferventi 
 moUiri, mollescere ; madescere (by 
 boiling) : v. supr. See also TO boil, 
 ROAST, etc. 
 
 cook (subs.) : 1. cSquus,/. c6qua : 
 PI.: Cic. (also written c6ius, c6ca): a 
 female c, also cScula, Varr. 2, ciili- 
 nanus, Scrib. : in pi. culinariae opcnie. 
 Front. 3. head-c (of a large cuisine), 
 archimagirus : Juv. Belonging to a c, 
 coquiiiarius: Varr. 
 
 cooking : coctura (esp. of boiling) : 
 Col.: Plin. Or expr. with verb: as, to 
 use foe for c. food, igne cibos mollire ; 
 igne ad cibos mitigandos uti, etc. : see 
 verb. Often used as substantival prefix ; 
 where it may be expr. with coquina- 
 rius as, c. vessels, vasacoquliiaria. Plin. 
 (Less freq. culinarius : v. culinary.) 
 
 cook-shop : pSplna : Cic. : Hor. 
 
 cool (adj.): I. Pleasantly cold: 
 1. frigidus (applicable to all de- 
 grees of coUi: q. v.): cf. Hor. Ep. f, 
 16, 14: c. 7'em;)e, f. 'lenipc, Virg. (Not 
 subfiigidus, frigidulus or frigidiiisculus, 
 which occur rarely and in diff. sen.ie.) 
 2. alsus (rare and only in compar.) : 
 nothing could be more c. and delightful 
 than Antium, Antio nihil alsiiis, nihil 
 amoenius, Cic. : v. cold. ||, Fig.. 
 deliberate and self -possessed : 1. leii- 
 tus: a c. and considerate judge. Judex 
 1. et consideratus, Cic: v. infr. (Ill ). 
 2, sediitus : v. calm. 3. imnio- 
 tus : V. oimovable. 4. impavidus : 
 V. undismayed. Ill, Indifferent : 
 
 lentus : / am thought too patient and 
 c, nimium patlens et 1. existimor, Cic. : 
 V. COOLLY. Phr.: you c. (impztcUnt) 
 fellow, OS durum ! Ter. : v. impudent. 
 
 cool (subs.): frigus - v. coolness. 
 Phr.: In the c. of the morning, etc. : 
 expr. with frigidus : thus Virg. has, 
 carpamus friglda rura, G. }, ?2; or 
 with verb, *quum calores diumi refrix- 
 erint, ubi minus aestuavit: v, foil, art 
 
 cool (")■■ I. I'rans. : refrigfiro, 
 
 1 (both lit. and fig.) : firt, throien into 
 waie.r, is immediately put out and c.'d, 
 ignis. 111 iuiuam conjectus, continuo res- 
 tiiiguitur et I efrigeratur, Cic; to c. 
 bread, piincm r., I'u.i. : to c. oneself with 
 
 shades and waters, umbris aquisve r^ 
 frlgerarl, Cic. . v. infr. Phr. to c. the 
 heat (of the temperature), calores tern- 
 perare, Cic: toe. cups of gloinng Fa- 
 lemian wine with voter, p<<:ula ardvntiB 
 Faleml lympha restingui-re, Hor. to c 
 men's zeal or ardour, studia honiinum 
 tardare, restiiiguere, Cic. v. to extiic- 
 GcisH, CALM. II, Intrans.: L 
 refrigfiror, i (pass, or rejl.): the heat 
 c.ing and being eztinguished, refrigprato 
 et extlnctocalore, Cic Fig.: Ail(/ny$ 
 secretary having c.'d (in hi\ z-a'), de- 
 serted to Caesar, Antonii librariu< refri- 
 geratus ab Antonio transfugit ad Caesa- 
 rem, Cic 2. refrigesco, frixi, j fen 
 the wine has c.'d, ubi Id vlnuni refrixerit, 
 Cato. Esp. fig.; to lose intertit or 
 ardour : the ardour of thought c.'d, calor 
 ille cogitationis refilxit, Quint.: Cic: 
 V. TO FLAG. 3. deicrvesco, ferri and 
 (later) ferbui, j (esp. after boiling) : tlie 
 new wine has c.'d donn, deferbuit mus- 
 tum. Col. Fig.: / hoped tliat his youth 
 had already c.'d down, sperabani jam 
 defervisse adolescentiam, Ter. siinly. 
 with euplditates, Cic. 4. languesco, 
 elanguesco, j ■ v. to droop, flag. 5, 
 deflagro, i (rare, and implying a pre- 
 vious heat of conjlagration : in this 
 sense fig.) : resentment cs, irae d., Liv.: 
 V. subside. 
 
 cooler : «■ vessel for codling .- 'vaa 
 refrigeratorium : or simply l&gena : cf. 
 Plin. 14, 9, II. 
 
 cooling (part, adj.) : refrigSratS- 
 rius: c. power or nature, vis, natura r., 
 Plin. In same sense refrigeratrix na- 
 tura, id. 
 
 coolly: I. Lit: frigidg, frigi- 
 
 dius: V. cold, cooi_ ||. With self- 
 possession, without anger: 1. lentfi 
 (oftener In bad sense : v. inf.) : Join: 
 lente et lenlter, Gell. 2, s5dat5 : v, 
 calmly. III. In a cool or indifferent 
 manner: lente: to take a thing c, M- 
 quid I. [et secure] ferre. Suet.: Liv. 
 Also with adj.: as, ice c. look on while 
 Hannibal directs his course touards the 
 walls of a Koman colony, tendentem ad 
 moenia Romanae coloniae Icnti specta- 
 mus, Liv. IV. Impudently: lent?- 
 or j>erb. lente utfiue impudeuter: cC 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 287. 
 
 coolness : I. L i t. : 1, frigus, 6ris, 
 n. (of all degrees of cold) : there is gene- 
 rally c. in the morning, fere niatulinis 
 temporibus f. est, Cels. : the shady c, f. 
 opacum, Virg.: pleasant c, 1. amabile, 
 Hor. 2. refrigfratio, Cic. de S<-n. 14, 
 46 : to catch the c. of the breeze, r. aurae 
 captare. Col. (Or perh. fiigus jucunde 
 temperatum, ad Jucunditatem accommo- 
 datum.) II, Self-possession : animus 
 sedatus, lentus et consideratus. polens 
 sui : V. CALM, COLLECTED. |||. In- 
 difference: lentitiido: v. indifference: 
 or expr. with lentus: as, iie look on 
 with c, lente (or adj. lenti) spectamus : 
 v. COOLLY. Frigus in this Sense is rare: 
 used with ref. to friendship. Sen. |V. 
 Impudei ce : os durum: esp. as an ex- 
 clamation, Ter. 
 
 coop (/<"■ liens) : 1. civea, Cic : 
 V. CAGE. 2, saginarium (for fatten' 
 ing in) : Varr. 
 
 coop up ("■)■• incliido, ciierceo: v. 
 
 TO CONFINE. 
 
 cooper: viStor(adoubtful word, both 
 in spelling and rr.eaning) : PI. Dip. (?) 
 Our hoojied barrels were not used by 
 the Rom:ins. 
 
 cooperage: *victoris opera, m«r« 
 ces (?). 
 
 co-operate : I. ''0 *""'^' '<^?*- 
 
 ther : una agere, operam cimferre, ad- 
 Juvare, etc.: v. to iiklp, aid I'hr.: 
 he had c.d wiLi Brutus in exp-lling th* 
 kings, fuerat In regibus expellendig so- 
 oius Brutl, Cic: v. associate. ||. 
 Ill contribute to producing some effect: 
 P h r. ; to c. in preserving the republic, 
 consentire ad rempubliiam con>ervan- 
 dani. Cic. : v. concur, cwntbiih te. 
 
 cooperation: 1, auxiiium. ad- 
 
 Jumentum- v. assistance. 2. i^pSra: 
 
 leaving; the co- to be implied : as. / ii-iiA 
 
 i cvuld have given you my c, utlnoaa 
 
 »59
 
 COOPERATOR 
 
 COQUET 
 
 CORN 
 
 potuissem tibi operam siudiumque na- 
 vare ! Cic. Fam. 12, 12 : v. sehvice. 
 
 Cboperator : sScius, adjutor ■ qui 
 operam suam naval, confert : see verb. 
 
 coot : f iHIca, Virg. • Plin. : also fulix, 
 Icis, poet. ap. Oic. 
 
 copartner: sOcius; v. partner. 
 
 copartnership: sScifitas: v. pabt- 
 
 NERSHIP. 
 
 cope (yubs.) : I. Tap, coping (q. v.) : 
 fastigium (the highest part of any- 
 thing) : V. TOP. II. A priestly vest- 
 ment: (?) trabea: (Q.) |||. Arch, con- 
 cavity : fornix, convexa [coeli] : v. 
 
 ARCH. 
 
 cope (y- *»■■) ■■ fastigo, I, (to raise to a 
 point): Liv. t Plin. Peril, more pre- 
 cisely, summum mtirum opere tectorio 
 loricare (based on Viir.). 
 
 cope (with) ("■) ■• congrgdior, con- 
 tendo, certo, etc. ; v. encounter, con- 
 tend with. Ableto c. nitli, par(simly, 
 unable to c. with, impar) : v. match. 
 
 coping (of a wall) : 1, cOrona : 
 cf. Curt. 9, 4, fin. " angusta muri corona 
 erat: non pinnae sicut alibi fastigium 
 ejus [the top of it], disiinxerant : sed 
 perpetua lorica " [a7i uninterrupted 
 screen or guard of some kind]. 2. 
 projectura : Vitr. 
 
 copious: 1. largus: c. draughts, 
 1. haustus, Lucr. : the sun. fills the earth 
 with c. light, sol terras 1. luce complet, 
 C5c. (Not of copiousness of style.) 2. 
 ibundans, affluens: V. ABUNDANT. 3. 
 copiosus (tvell stored) : c. in speaking 
 (or rather well-stored vnth matter), 
 homo ad dicendum c, Cic. 4. iiber, 
 Sris (v. fertile) : esp. oi diction : who 
 is more c. than Plato, quis uberior in 
 dicendo Platone? Cic. Join: uber et 
 fecundus, Cic. (used of Pericles). 5. 
 iusus (ot free, Jloiving style) : Aeschines 
 is more c, Aeschines magis f.. Quint. : 
 V. DIFFUSE. 6. laetus (esp. poet.) : c. 
 ttreams, I. fiumina, Virg. Fig.: a c. 
 ttyle of oratory, 1. genus oralionis, Cic. 
 
 copiously ; abundanter, copiose, 
 etc.: V. ABUNDANTLY. E>p. in certain 
 phr. : as, to weep c. uberiim flere. Suet. : 
 lacrimis ubertim manantibus, Petr. : to 
 speak c, copiose et abundanter dicere, 
 Cic. : fuse et copiose au^ere et ornare, 
 id.; fuse et late (at length) dicere, id. 
 
 copiousness: 1. cSpia: esp. of 
 diction : c. diceiidi, Cic. : abundance of 
 matter produces c. cf language, rerum 
 c. verborum e. gignit, Cic: c. (f inven- 
 tion, inveniionis c. Quint. 2. ilber- 
 tas: more fully ubertas in dicendo et 
 copia, Cic. ; in pi. copiae ubertatesque 
 verborum. Cell. (N.B. Copia dicendi 
 by itself is more comprehensive than 
 the English: cf. Cic. Or. j, J4, ijS: 
 where it includes the entire resources 
 of oratory.) 
 
 copyist : librariut. . Varr. : M. L. : 
 
 V. TRANSCRIBER. 
 
 copper (s"bs.) : I. Tliemctil: 1. 
 aes, aeri.s, n. : Plin. : Cels. (Also used 
 to denote various coinpmnd metals : v. 
 BRONZE, BRASS) : abounding in c, aero- 
 SD": gold that is muck alloyed with c, 
 aurum aerosum, Plin. : c. rust, aerugo, 
 Inis, Cic. : c.-ore, chalcites. ae, m. ; or, 
 chalcitis, idis, /. : Plin. 2. cuprum 
 (lateLat.); for which Plin. has cypriura, 
 aes, or simply cyprium : made of c, 
 cyprius: v. foil. art. ||, A vessel 
 
 made of copper: ahenum: v. caldron. 
 
 III. A copper coin : as, assis, m. 
 (used often in contemptuous sense) : 
 Hor. : also raudus, 6ris, n. : v. foil. 
 3.11. fin. 
 
 copper (as ad;.) : 1, aeneus, 
 
 aereus: v. brazen, bronze. 2. cy- 
 prius: a c. (>oi,c. pyxis, Plin. 3. cu- 
 prlnus : Pall, (cupreus or cypreus also 
 occurs and is agreeable to analogy; 
 comp. aureus, etc. : but it is rare and 
 often a v. I. with cyprius). Ph r. : cop- 
 per-money, aes signatum, Llv. : a single 
 c. coin, raudus (also rudus, rodus), eris, 
 n. (rare): Liv. Dimin. raudusculum, 
 a small c. coin, Fest. 
 
 copper ("•) •• aereis (cypriis) lamiuis 
 tPgere, loricare. 
 
 copper - bottomed (of a ship) .- 
 160 
 
 *navis cujus latera aereis (cypriis) lami- 
 nis loricata sunt. 
 
 copper-coloured : aeneus : Suet. 
 Ner. 2 (med.) : or by circuml., *colorem 
 aeris cyprii referens, habens. 
 
 copper-dross : aeris recrementum : 
 
 V. DBOSS. 
 
 copper-mine : aeris metalla, Plin. ; 
 aerifodiDa (= aeris fodina), Varr.. v. 
 
 MINE. 
 
 OOPPer-ore : chalcites, chalcitis : v. 
 COPPER. M. L. 
 
 COPPer-plate : *aenga lamina: M. L. 
 The picture prodiuxd : *pictura linearis 
 per aeneam laminam expressa, Em. ; 
 im.igo aere excusa, Wyttenb., imago 
 aeneae laminae ope descripta, expressa : 
 one who prints them, clialcOgraptius . 
 the press, prelum chalcographicura (all 
 from Kr.). 
 
 copper-smith : l^ber aerarius ; aera- 
 rius, Plin. 
 
 copper-snake : cSltiber chersBa, 
 Linn. 
 
 copper-stone ; laP's aerosus : Plin. 
 
 copper-wire : filum aeneum (?). 
 
 copper-worm : teredo, inis, /. : 
 
 Plin. 
 
 coppery: aerSsus. Plin. 
 
 coppice i s'lvula. dunietum, frutl- 
 
 COPSe S cetum (frutcx^ ■ v. shrub- 
 bery, THICKET. 
 
 copula: (in logic and gram.): *co- 
 pilla : M. L. 
 
 copulate ("• intr.) : c6eo, 4, in: : 
 Plin.: Col. (Not copulor in this sense.) 
 
 copulation : 1, cSitus, us . Plln. : 
 Cels. 2. conciibltus. us: CoL 
 
 copulative: connexivus: a c. con- 
 junction, conjunctio c, Gell. 
 
 copy (subs.) : I. A transcribed 
 
 tcriting or book : 1, exemplar, aris, 
 n. : a bonk transa'ibed into a thousand 
 c.s, liber in ex. transcriptus mille, Plin.: 
 a c. of a letter, literarum ex., Cic. : (the 
 usual word in modern criticism). 2. 
 exemplum : a c. of a letter, literarum 
 ex.. Sail. 3. SpOgraphon, i, 7i.: Plin. 
 Phr. to make a c, transcribere, ex- 
 scribere: v. to transcribe. ||. Of 
 any object .• 1. exemplar : a kind of 
 c. of onesilf (a friend), tanquam ex. ali- 
 quid sui, Cic. (Not exemplum In this 
 sense.) 2. imitamen (rare) : Ov. 
 
 3. imago, similitado, etc. : v. like- 
 ness. 4. imitatlo: v. imitation. 
 Ill, That which is copied from : 
 1. exemplar : more fully, exemplar 
 ad imllandum, Cic. : v. pattern. 2. 
 exemplum : v. example. Phr.: to 
 set a c. of letters, literas praeformare 
 ad invitationem scribendi proponere. 
 Quint. 
 
 copy ("■) ■■ I. To write, etc., 
 
 according to an original : describo, 
 transcribe, exscribo: v. transcribe. 
 Phr.: to c.^tioes, imagines exscrib- 
 ere atque pingere, Plin. Ep. 4, 28, i : 
 also transcribere, Plin. alter. ||. In 
 gen. to imitate closely ; 1. imitor, i : 
 V. iMirATR. 2. exscribo, j (rare in 
 this sense) : to c. any one's character 
 with tconderful exactness, mores alicu- 
 jus mira similitudine ex., Plin. Ep. 5, 
 16, 9. 3. rgfero : v. resemble, re- 
 produce. 4. exprimo, pressi, pres- 
 sum, } : a law c.'d from nature, lex 
 expressa ad naturam, Cic. 6. sequor, 
 cuius, J : V. follow. 
 
 copybook : literae ad imitationem 
 scribendi propositae : v. copy (fin.) 
 
 copyhold: *emphyleusis (the con- 
 tract or engagement : nearest term in 
 Roman law, and applicable to any kind 
 of "feudal " contract) : an estate so held, 
 emphyteuraa: v. fief, fkudal. Le.ss 
 precisely expr. with servus : as, c. 
 estates (i. e. vhich are under any kind 
 of reserved liability), serva praedia, 
 Cic: Dig. 
 
 copyholder: emphyteuta, emphy- 
 teutlcarius • Cod. Just. 
 
 coquet ("■) : lenocinor, I (prob. ihe 
 nearest word) : cf. Symm. Ep. 9, 87, 
 " verbis lenocinantibus et fuco obli- 
 tis et ad gratiam comparatis : " *leno- 
 ciniis (cf. Suet. Aug. 79, " omnis leno- 
 cinii negligens") uti, lenocinils vires 
 
 (adolescentes) petere (cf. Sail. ijat. 25) 
 atque ad se allicere. 
 
 coquet, coquette (subs.- : qui 
 (quae) lenociniis uiitur, etc.: v. preced. 
 art. Sometimes (for the fern ), mala 
 may be precise enough: cf. "delituit 
 mala," the littU c. hid herself, -'I. Rnd. 
 2. 5> 9. or stronger, proterva, cf. Cic. 
 Coel. 16, I'm. : v. wanton. 
 
 coquetry: grata protervitas, Hor. 
 Od. 1, 19, 7 : or perh. lenocinia (appli- 
 cable to any meretricious setting off of 
 personal or other attractions) : t. to 
 coquet. 
 
 coral : (red) c5ralium, ciiralium, cn- 
 rallum . Plin. : Ov. : c.-agate, t6rall6a- 
 chates, ae, m. : Plln. As adj., made of 
 c. or like it, corallinus : Anth. 
 
 coral-fisher : 'qui coralinm pis- 
 caiur. 
 
 coral-fishery : ^pi". with coralia.- 
 
 as, ubi c inveniuntur, gignunlur. 
 
 coral-moss : *lichen corallinus : 
 Linn. 
 
 c5ralline : corallinus : Antk. 
 
 cord (subs.) : lunis, dimin., fiinlcii- 
 lus : restis, dimin., resliciila : v. rope. 
 
 cord ("•) •• circumligo, constringo : v. 
 to bind, pack up. 
 
 cordage (of a ship): riidentes (pi. 
 of rudens), m. : Cic. : virg. 
 
 corded (part, and adj.) : |. Bound 
 uith cords: funiculiscircumligatus. see 
 verb. II, Furrowed, or marked as 
 icith cords: perh. striatus; v. furrow- 
 ed, channeled. 
 
 cordial (subs.): potio corpori refio- 
 iendo apta, Cels. 
 
 cord-maker : restio. onis. Suet 
 
 cordial (adj.) : i. e. heartily Icindand 
 friemily : 1, benignus et comls, Ter. 
 Hec. 5, J, J9: v. kind, hearty. 2. 
 sincerus, verus . v. sincere, genuine. 
 Phr.: to give any one ac. wekojne, aJi- 
 quem benigne excipere, Liv. : my c. 
 good vjishes for your happiness, opto 
 tibi multam felicitatem, Erasm. Coll.: 
 to give any one your c. salutations, jub- 
 ere aliquein salvere plurimum, id. : so 
 with multam, plurimam, salutem, Cic. : 
 
 V. TO GREET. 
 
 cordiality : animus benignus el 
 comis, benignitas et comitas : v. preced. 
 art. : vitk c, benigne ; v. kindly, kind- 
 ness. 
 
 cordially : benigne : v. kindlt, 
 HEARTILY: Sincere: sine fuco et falla- 
 ciis (i.e. tvithout deception, Cic): to 
 receive any one more c, aliquem laetiut 
 recipere. Veil, (of Cic.'s return from 
 exile) : simly, libenter, libens, may 
 sometimes do : v. cheerfully, gladly ; 
 to recommend c, intirae commeudare, 
 
 Cic. : V. SINCERELY. 
 
 cordon : of soldiers, corona militum, 
 
 Caes. ; to draw a c. saiiitaire round a 
 place, *locum circumscribere et custo- 
 dibus circumdare adversus morbi con- 
 tagia. 
 
 corduroy: 'textile quoddam genus, 
 crassum et striatum. 
 
 cordwainer: sutor: v. shoemaker. 
 
 core : (of fruit) ; volva pomorum, 
 i. e. the seed-tvrapper : Scrib. (N.B. 
 Not nucleus which is the soft part with- 
 in something hard: v. kernel.) 
 
 coriaceous : v. leathery. 
 
 coriander : coriandrum, Plin. : c. sa- 
 tivum : M. L. 
 
 eor^ (subs.): I. The tree: siiber, 
 eris, n. : Virg. : Plin. (Qucrcus feuber, 
 Linn.) The bark of the c. tree, siibSreus 
 cortex, Seren. Sam. ||. The bark or 
 a stopper made from it : \. cortex, 
 icis, 711. and /. .• Cat. : Hor. 2. obtfl- 
 ramentum : v. stopper. |||. in pi., 
 for learning to swim. Prov. : tosiiim 
 without c.s, to need ?iO further assist- 
 ance, sine cortlce nare, Hor. (For a 
 similar purpose was also used a kind of 
 mat, scirpea ratis, PI.) 
 
 cork («•) •■ corticem pice astringere, 
 Hor. Od. J, 8, 10. (Or simply *cortlcein 
 imponere, cortice obturare : v. to stop 
 
 UP.) 
 
 cormorant : •carbo cormoranus, 
 Meyer ; peleoanus carbo, Linn. 
 com : !• ' Grain : \, fromei^ 
 
 I
 
 CORN-CHANDLER 
 
 CORPULENCE 
 
 CORRECTIVE 
 
 tarn (gen. term): the yield of c, pro- 
 veDtUK frumenti. Plin. Kp. : in order 
 that Oiey might have a suj)ply <if' c, ul 
 copla Irumenti supp'eteret, Caes. : Bome- 
 timespf., when it includes rarMiits kinds 
 4jf c, (Jaes. Adj. ; pertaining to c, tru- 
 mentarius: esp. In pbr. rea Irumentaria, 
 which Includes provisions of all kinds, 
 but e»p. corn Jood : a c. ship, f. n.ivis, 
 Caes.: a law respecting the distribution 
 of com, lex f., Clc. : c. land. Jit for or 
 devoted to growing c, f. ager, Varr. -. 
 places in which c. is grown, loca f.,Caes. : 
 a distribution if c, frumeutatio, Suet. 
 
 2. fruges, uiu, /. ; v. i^eouuck. 
 Phr.: the price of c, annona: esp. as 
 we say " the market : " q. v. ; standing 
 c, sfiges, 6ti3, /. ; V. cnOP : an ear of c, 
 spica, firlsta: v. eab; seed c, sOmenlis 
 l8,/. : Col. (also used of young c, Oe\l.). 
 
 II, A homy excrescence on the skin : 
 clavus, i: Plin.: more fully, pedis cla- 
 vus, Id., 22, 2 !. 49: to draw out (or ex- 
 tract) a c, pedis c. extrahere, lb. : In the 
 same section occurs morticinus, appy. as 
 syn. for clavus. 
 corn-chandler : frumenturius : v. 
 
 O0BN-MKU( HAST. 
 
 corn-chest : cOmgra, Hor. 
 
 corn-cockle: *agrosiemma gitliago, 
 Linn. 
 
 corn-crake : ortjgOmetra : Plin. 
 (•rallus crex, Linn). 
 
 corn-field : sCggs, etis, /. ; i. e. o 
 
 field II ith crops in it : Caes. : V'irg. 
 (N.B. Ager frumentarius Is explained 
 under cx)RN.) Arvuni nmy also be used 
 in Sim. sense: cf. Virg. <;. I, }i6: also 
 inpl. sala. ib. J2;: v. fikld, crop. 
 
 corn-flag: liyacimlms- Virg.: Plin. 
 
 corn-flower, blue: cyauus, «<. .- 
 
 Plin. 
 
 corn-land : ager frumentarius : 
 V.rr. 
 
 corn-laws : *lf ges frumentariae (at 
 Rome laus lespectinij Ihe aislribution 
 of com). Or e.\pr. by circuml. : as, he. 
 effecleathe total repeal ni' Uiecs, *ell'ecit 
 at porloria omnia ItumeuUiria tuUe- 
 rcntur. 
 
 com-loft: liorreuni. v. cranary. 
 
 corn-market : *l'orum Irumcnta- 
 rium : see also maukkt: president of 
 the c.-market, prae ecius annuuae, Liv. ; 
 pracfecliis rei Irumeiuariae, lac. 
 
 COrn-marygold : chrysanthemum 
 segeium, Liim. 
 
 corn-merchant: frumentarius, cic: 
 more lully, Irumentaiius neguiiator, 
 Plin. 
 
 corn-mill : mSla frumentarla : v. 
 
 BILL. 
 
 corn-trade: *quaestus frumenta- 
 rius: or, in connexion vith tlie pio- 
 vinces, *negotiatio f. : v. iierchant. 
 
 cornel : cornus, /. .- Virg. ; Plin. (c. 
 mivscula, Linn.): a thicket of c -trees, 
 cometum, Varr. : o 6010 made of c. 
 u-ood, corneus arcus, Ov. : Virg. : the 
 fruit of the c, covmxm : Virg.: Col. 
 
 cornelian : perh. sarda or sarda- 
 cbiites I'lin. 
 
 comer : I. Kxlernal point where 
 tivo converging lines meet : vcrsura, 
 Vitr. (esp. of external angles of a build- 
 ing, gables, etc.). ||. Either external 
 or internal : angulus : the c.s of walls, 
 »nguli parietum, Plin.: to go away into 
 a c, in angulum abire, Ter. : this c. of 
 the world, a. hie umndl, Prop. : having 
 three, four cs, triangulus, quadrangu- 
 
 lus: V. TIUANGIILAR, etc.: full of C.S 
 
 (internal), ansiilosus {external), angii- 
 laris: V. angular. ||(. A secret or 
 retired place : 1. angiilus : in any c. 
 of all Italy, uUo in a. totius Italiae, 
 Clc. : shut lip in c.s (away from the rest 
 of men), in aiigulis inclusus, Lact. : v. 
 HOOK. 2. reoessus, us: v. rktreat. 
 
 3. litebra, esp. in pi. : v. lokking- 
 PLACB Phr.: to Utok out of the c.s of 
 the eyes, limis oculis aspicere, spcctare, 
 intuerl, PI. : Plin. (omitting oculis) : Ter. 
 
 comer-Stone : lap's angularls, Vulg. ; 
 a.igulare fund.iinentum : M.L. (Noi 
 class..: for in Cato, K. K. 14, 1. angula- 
 ris= lapis qu:idratus.) 
 
 comer-wise : v. diagonallt. 
 
 cornet : I. -^ wind iTUtrument : 
 buccina, comu: v. hobs. ||. A ca- 
 valry officer : (?) slpiilfer, vexlUarius 
 
 (1. e. .STANDAKD-BEABEK, q. V.) 
 
 cornice : 1. corona, Vltr. : Plin. 
 
 2. siuia: a kind of moulding : Vltr. 
 
 3. hyperthyrum (over duors) : id. 
 cornigerous: cornulu8,corulger: V. 
 
 IKJKM.II. 
 
 cornucopia : conm coplae. PI. : or 
 coruu aliiiie: cl. Hor. Kp. I, \2,fin. 
 
 corollary : ctirollarlum, Boeth : 
 Apul. i^eonsectarlum^iitiiuctton; q. v.) 
 
 coronal : cOrona, cCrolla : V. CBuw X, 
 WRi.Ain. 
 
 coronation : *di5Jematls or c6ronae 
 inipMMtio (the former if tlie c. of a king 
 bi: meant). Lale l>at. *coronatio [U. V. 
 Alariae]. Or expr. with verb: as, thee, 
 of a new king is attended witli great 
 ceremony, "cum magno aj)paratu novo 
 regi diadema impoiiitur : v. to cbowk. 
 
 coroner: *c<JrcJnator, M.l^., so called 
 beciuse the death of every subject by 
 violence is accounted to touch the croim 
 of the king : it may be translated in 
 classiciil Ijatin by de niorilbus ambl- 
 guis quaesilor (mors ambigna occurs, 
 Plin. Kp. ?, 9, 5): tlie iw/uest, *\n- 
 q\nsillo. I'hr. : a c.'s imiiiest nasheld, 
 ♦quaesltum est quoniodo morti occur- 
 risset: v. inqitiuv. (Perh. *quaesilor 
 reglus mi:,'ht be UM'd lor coroner.) 
 
 coronet: diadema, atis: v. CEOWN, 
 
 DIAOEM. 
 
 corporal (subs.) .- dCciirlo, onis (a 
 subordinate cavalry officer): Varr. 
 
 corporal (adj.) -. chiefly in phr., c. 
 punishment, usu. jlogging : so that ver- 
 bOra may mostly be employed : to infliel 
 c. punishment upon any one, verberibus 
 aniniadvertcre in aliquem. Sail. : v. td 
 idiuRGE. More precisely, 'eae poenae 
 quae in corpora hominum exerceutur : 
 V. corporeal. 
 
 corporally; v. preced. art. 
 
 corporate : chufiy m such phr. as, 
 a c. b'id;i,^corpi>ialion : v. foil, art.: 
 a c. toicn, mQuicipium : v. munici- 
 
 PAI.ITV. 
 
 corporation: 1. oollst^.tim (u™. 
 d*-n()tiMg either a body of men holding 
 the same office, or of the same craji) : v. 
 COMPANY. 2. iiniversUas: v. Diet. 
 Ant. s. V. 3, (rar") corpus: Caii. 
 
 I'ig. 4. (Wiien tne persons arc 
 
 meant) corporiiii: the c. of Ximes, c. 
 Neniausenses, Inscr. ap. Forcell. 
 
 corporeal: 1. corpOreus: Join: 
 corporeus et a-sppctabilis, corporeal and 
 visible, Clc: Lucr. 2. e.\pr. wiih 
 
 corpus . as, c. pleasures, corporis volup- 
 tates, Cic. v. bodily. 
 
 corps : manus, praesidlum (stationed 
 as guaril) : v. COMPANV. 
 
 corpse : 1. cadaver, gris, n. (esp. 
 a corpse lying and btcoming corrupt), 
 Cic. : Virg. 2. corpus, oris, n. (of 
 
 bodies living or dead) : v. hody. 3. 
 tunus, 6ris, n. (poet.): a mangled c, 
 lacorum f. : Virg. : I'rop. 4. caedes, 
 is. /. (a slain c. or more particularly 
 the blood of it) : Liv. 1,48. 6. (Simi- 
 larly with 3 and 4) mors. lis,/. ; the c. of 
 Clodius teas tm-n in pieces, mors Clodli 
 lacerata est, Cic. : to embrace a c. (con- 
 temptuously of an old man), mortem 
 amplexari, PI. : Prop. 6. Freq. expr. 
 with part. : as, he pointed out the c. of 
 the murdered Servius lying on the 
 (/(•oKjii/, jacentem Servium trucidatum 
 ostendit, Liv. i, 48 : tliou shall not bury 
 a corpse uithin the city, hominem mor- 
 tuuin in urbe ne sepelito, xil. Tab. : or 
 sinijily mortuus: PI.: Clc: v. dead. 
 1' h r. : to carry a c. to the grave, efferre, 
 J'l. : Cic. (often used with ace. of the 
 person: v. bury): a person whose trade 
 nas the preparing if c.s Jor burial, 
 poUinctor, PI. : Dig. 
 
 corpse-like : exsanguis, lilridus : v. 
 
 PALE. GHASTLY. 
 
 corpulence; 1, habitus corporis 
 obesus: cf. Suet. Hor. (in the same pa- 
 ragraph corpusculum is found in a letter 
 of Aug. referring to the corpulence of 
 Hor.) ; habitus corpulentus (opiinus, 
 Cic): v. corpulekce. 2. corpuleu- 
 M 
 
 tia: Plin. (rare). 3. corpCriiun 
 
 (with some word): to produce c, •cor- 
 poraturau babitiores redden- cf. Vltr. 
 6, I, }. (Noi corporaiura alone, 
 ai <4.) 4, Sbesltas : v. pat.vess, 
 
 PLUUPNGSS. 5. aniplJtudo (corporhi) : 
 Plin. Kp. 
 
 corpulent: 1. corpiilentus: PL: 
 (.^uinU Join: pinguls el corpulentus, 
 Gell. 2. hSbllus (■• in youd cjndi- 
 
 lum"): a littU c, paulo habitior, J'er. 
 Join: corpulentior aiqne habitior, PI. 
 
 3, plSnus : as opp. to tenuis, llor. 
 
 4. phiguls, 6besus: v. pat. I'hr.; 
 to grow c, [tanlum] corporis iacere, 
 Phaedr. : Cels. : v. flesh : also plngueo- 
 cere : v. FAT (to become) ; a c. habit, 
 opiinus liaMtus corixirls, Cla 
 
 corpuscle: corpusculum: Clc (with 
 rel. to the atoms of Lucr.): Lucr.. v. 
 
 ATllM. 
 
 corpuscular : expr. with corpus- 
 
 cula or alonia: as, the c. (or atomic) 
 philosophy, *doctrina Ula alomorum 
 or quae docet omnia ex individuis cor- 
 poribus gigiii atque elHcl. 
 
 correct ("'00 • !• correctus (ofteo 
 in sense of coiTected ; as p jMrt.) : Clc. 
 2. emendatus (Jree J ntm faults 
 and blimishes) : Join: correctus et 
 emcndatus.Cic. 3. rectus: v. right: 
 opp. to pravus, Clc 4. accuratas : 
 V. ACCURATE, exact. 5. sanus (of 
 style: applied '.o what Is free from 
 faults, but wanting in force): cf. Plin. 
 Kp. 9, 26, "orator rectus quidem et 
 sanus, sed parum graiidis et ornutus :" 
 Cic. Br. 55, 202. 6. piirus (also of 
 style ; and Implying the absence of 
 all laults of language or taste): a c. and 
 clear style, p. quoddam et candldum dic- 
 eiidi genus, Clc. : cf. id. Or. j, 8, 29 : 
 
 V. FAULTLESS, IKBEPROACHABLB. Phr. 
 
 fi c. account, ratio quae convenit [ad 
 nummumj, Clc. : these accounts are not 
 c, *non constant hae ratloues: v. ac- 
 cot:NT: his verses are c. but they want 
 genius, 'vitlo quidem carent versus ^us 
 ^cd parum habent iiigenii. 
 
 correct ("•)■• 1. corrigo, rexi, 
 
 rectum, j (the most gen. term): to c. 
 kinness of body, macieni corporis c, 
 i'lin. : ii is more easy to find fault iviUi 
 what is past than to c. it, praeterlta 
 mogi? rcprehe'-idl pos^unt quam cor- 
 riiii.Llv. : to c. a s^wcc/i , orationem c. 
 Clc: endeavour to c. my son, c. mlhi 
 giiatum enitere, Ter. 2. castigo, i 
 (^prop. to chastise: q. v.) . Fig.: to e. 
 a poem, carmen c, Hor. : Juv. 3. 
 einenoo, I (to remove faults) : to c. a 
 vicious habit, cousuetudiucm vitiosam 
 e., Cio. : to c. (the morals of) Italy 6j 
 luics, res Italas Icgibus e., Hor. : Clc 
 Join: emendare et corrlgere, Cic. 
 P h r. : to c. proofs (from the press), 
 *plagulas corrlgere, Orelli : more fully 
 (after Cic), perspicere et corrlgere : 
 'prima specimina typographica corrig- 
 3re; tjpothetaruni specimina corrlg- 
 ere (Orell.); pericula typographica re- 
 legere, Ruhiik. (ap. Kr.). 
 
 correction: I. The act of cor- 
 
 recting: correctio, emendiilio: Jolo: 
 corrcctio et emeudatio, Cic. (for syn. 
 see verb) : or expr. with ger. : as, with a 
 view to the c. oj morals, ad emeudaiidos 
 mores, etc. (N B. Noi correctura, which 
 denotes a particular office.) Phr.: the 
 most carejulc. of the press. *cura pla- 
 gularum corrlgendaruni quanta maxima 
 potest esse : (/ speak) under c, 'lu 
 milil videtur, nisi tu alller sentis, or 
 s;ilvoJudicio tuo(U. and A.) ||. The 
 correction itself, esp. in writings : expr. 
 with p. part. : as, very many cs hai<e 
 been mcule, *plurlma emendata sunt : 
 V. TO CORRECT. III. Chastviement : 
 castigatio, ilnimadversio : Cic : v. po- 
 xisHMEXT : home of c, career : v. CAOU 
 (ergastulum only for slaves). 
 
 corrective: I. -^lij- <l"o<l «"■- 
 rigere, etc., possit: v. correct. ||. 
 Subs. : 1. terapiramentum (inter 
 
 aequalitates), Coel. 2. lempfritlo: 
 in same sense : Cic (More precisely, 
 (if medicines, temperativa medicamios, 
 Coel. .\ur.) 
 
 161
 
 CORRECTLY 
 
 C^ O R R U P T 
 
 CORYMBIFEROUS 
 
 correctly : recte, emendate, pure, 
 accurate (lor syn. see adject.). 
 
 correctness ; mostly expr. with 
 circuml. ; as, / doubt the c. of that state- 
 ment, *dubito iium revera ita res se 
 habeat : c. of stt/le, oratio sana, pura, 
 Cic (also purltas sermonis : v. purity) : 
 I guarantee the c. of these accounts, *hoc 
 in rae recipio has raiioiies cunsUire, con- 
 venire, etc. : V. couRiXT (adj.). ; ac- 
 
 CUBACy. 
 
 corrector : corrector (most gen. 
 term) : eniendator (one who remoies 
 Jfaults or bUmishes) ; Join corrector 
 atque emendator, Cic. Or expr. with 
 verb, as, c. for <ft« ^fss, *qui plagulis 
 corrigendis operam dat, etc. : see verb. 
 
 correlation: v. relation. 
 
 correlative (adj. and subs.): no 
 exact word: y. gives reciprbcus, which 
 is perhaps the nearest: v. rfxitrocal. 
 IVih. better with verb : as, these things 
 are c.s, *haec muluo inter se respondent 
 (reciprocantur, Cic. Div. i, 6, io = are 
 ini ^-led or " convated ") : R. and A. 
 give correlata (pi.), »s 1. 1. from Nolten. 
 correspond: I. ''''" "gree with: 
 1. aingruo, i, j (with cum ; inter and 
 pron. rejl. ; or with dat.) : none of the 
 measurements c, mensurae nullae inter 
 86 c, Plin. : the uords c. n-ith the case, 
 verba c. et cohaerent cum causa, Cic. 
 
 2. cShaereo, haesi, haesum, 2 (to 
 fit together : constr. absol., or with inter 
 and pron. refl.) : to c. as closely as pos- 
 sible, inter se quam apti.-sime c, Cic. : 
 and V. supr. 3. convgnio : v. agree. 
 
 4. respondeo, di, sum, l (with dat. 
 or ad) : that ihe words may c. to each 
 other as if matched, ut verba verbis 
 quasi paria respondeant, Cic. : v. to an- 
 swer (11.). Phr. : (this tvord) C.S with 
 the Greek, etc., idem declarat quod, etc., 
 Cic. : to make %vonls c. to derds, verba 
 dictis aequare, Liv. : Sail, (the latter, 
 exaequare). ||. To have mutual com- 
 munications by letter : epistolarum com 
 mercia habere (ct. Veil. ■>, 65 " turn inter 
 [eos] commercia epistolarum," sc. 
 erant) : lileras dare et accipere, inter 
 se scribere, Cic. (Per literas colloqui 
 might refer to a single letter only, Cic. : 
 more precisely, *nmtuo inter se per 
 literas colloqui solere): or perh. *lite- 
 rarum consuetudinem habere : v. inteb- 
 
 COURSE. 
 
 correspondence : I. Mutual 
 
 adaptation, agreement: coiivfnientia, 
 congnientia: v. agreement. More freq. 
 expr. with verb as, there is a striking 
 c. between these things, *mirabiliter haec 
 inter se congruunt, etc. : see verb. ||, 
 Intercourse by letter : epistolarum com- 
 mercium, Veil, (in pi): an end of our 
 c, finis inter nos scribendi, Cic. : to hold 
 
 C. : V. CORRESPOND (11.) : O blisk C, 
 
 *mutua epistolarum assiduitas : our c. 
 flags, *refrigescunt literae nostrae. (N.B. 
 Not literarum sermo, which would be 
 conversation about literature.) 
 
 correspondent : I. A^j. : v. 
 
 CORRESPONDING. ||, One who holds 
 communication with another by tmit- 
 ing: qui epistolarum (literarum) com- 
 mercio cum aliquo utitur, eic. : v. cor- 
 respond (II.); quicum liteiarum usu 
 (consuetudine .?), epistolarum commercio 
 quis junctus est (Kr.): a good c, impi- 
 gerin scribendo, hand lentus ad scriben- 
 dum; qui magna est in rescribendodili- 
 gentia: based on Cic. (Kr.): a eery bad 
 c, ad literas scribendas pigerrinius, id. 
 
 corresponding (adj.) .• |. Agree- 
 i'ng : 1. par, pftris : words c. with 
 words, verba verbis paria, Cic. : v. 
 MATCHED. 2. gemellus (esp. in pi. : 
 of two things which closely corresp<md) : 
 (o pair) c in love of what is bad, pra- 
 vorum amore gemellum, Hor. 3. ^P- 
 tus, accomm6datus, consentaneus, etc. : 
 v. AGREEING. 4. expr. with verb : 
 .ts, the c. door on the other side, *porta 
 quae ab altera parte huic [portae] re- 
 spondet (the verb alone would mean 
 answering to it in magnitude : Cic.) : a 
 c. expression, verba quae idem declarant, 
 significant: v. correspond. ||. (Only 
 In certain expressions) coTnmunicating 
 i6l 
 
 by letter : c. member of the Koyal Society, 
 *epistolarum commercio cum Regia So- 
 cietate Junctus : v. correspondent. 
 
 correspondingly : pariter, eadem 
 ratione, Cic. : v. alike. 
 
 corridor: andron, onis, TO. (contrary 
 to the Gk. sense of the word : see Vitr. 
 6, 1, 5): prothyrum (>) : ib. 
 
 corroborate : 1. affirmo, i (less 
 
 freq. in this sense: v. assert): to c. a 
 person's vords, dicta alicujus af., Liv. 
 2. confirmo, i : toe. (statemetits) 
 by arguments or testimony, argumentis, 
 testimoniis c, Cic: v. confirm. 3. 
 fidem alicui rei afferre (i. e. gain credence 
 for a thins;) : Cic: v. credence. (N.B. 
 Not corroboro orroboro; which signify 
 to make strong.) 
 
 corroborative : quod ad fidem con- 
 ciliandam aptum est, etc. 
 
 corrode: 1. rodo, si, sum, j (rare 
 in this sense) : iron is c.d by rust, fer- 
 rum robigine roditur, Ov. 2. erodo, 
 J (more freq. : to eat or c. auay) : water 
 c.s iron, aqua ferrura c, Plin. (esp. of 
 corrosive remedies, as caustic, etc. : 
 Plin. : Cels.). 3. 6do, edi, esum, j 
 (to eat away) : oi mildew : Virg. Fig.: 
 if aught c.s the mind: si quid est ani- 
 mum, Hur. : Virg. 4. perfdo, j 
 (stronger than edo) : Virg. (N.B. Not 
 corrodo in this sense.) 
 
 corroding (as atlj.) .- esp. fig. : mor- 
 dax, acls : c. cares, m. sollicitudines, 
 Hor. In sim. sense, vltiosa cura, id. 
 (For lit. sense, v. coRRosn e.) 
 
 corrosion : rosio : Plln. (Or expr. 
 with verb : v. corrode.) 
 
 corrosive : 1. corroslvus (of me- 
 dicines) : Sen. 2. mordax, acis : c. 
 powder, m. pulvis, Plin. : Hor. (Ju fig. 
 sense v. corrdding). 
 
 corrugate : rilgo, corrugo, i : V. TO 
 
 WRINKLE. 
 
 corrupt (r.) : \. To change from 
 a sound to a putrid state : 1. cor- 
 rumpo, riipi, ruptum, j : esp. as reflect. ; 
 to become corrupt, suffer coiruption, 
 Cic. 2. vitio, I ; v. to taint: of the 
 action of pestilence on the air, Ov. 3. 
 In pass. : to became c.'d : putresco, pu- 
 trfilio: V. to rot. ||, In moral 
 
 sense : 1. corrumpo, j ; to c. (the 
 morals of) a state, mores civitatis 
 c, Cic. : in the same passage (Leg. j, 
 14), corrumpere is used absol. : to c. 
 (men) by example, exemplo c. With 
 the direct cucc. (with or without pecu- 
 nia), corrumpere usu. signifies to bribe 
 (q. v.), or in the case of a woman, 
 to seduce (q. v.). 2. depravo, i (to 
 alter for the uorse) the Campanians 
 were c.'d by abundance, Campanos ni- 
 miae rerum omnium copiae deprava- 
 bant, Cic. Join: corrumpere et de- 
 pravare; Cic. (N.B. Corrumpo by itself 
 is not always taken in bad sense.) 3. 
 
 inqUillO. I : v. DEFILE, POLLUTE. 4. 
 
 Kxpr. with phr. : as, vitiis inficere, Cic: 
 V. INFECT : vitia in civitatem infundere, 
 id. : turpissimis imbuere cupiditatibus, 
 Nep. : mala facinora edocere, Sail. 
 Sometimes mutare, immutare, may be 
 sufiBcient: i. e. when the context shows 
 that the change is for the worse ; cf. 
 Sail. Cat. lo, fin. (by a somewhat harsh 
 fig., the latter has vexare mores civi- 
 tatis, of the influence of bad passions 
 upon them. Cat. 6) : in pass, in vitium 
 labi, Hor. : pejorem, deteriorem fieri, 
 etc. : V. TO DETERIORATE : to c. by bri- 
 bery (besides pecunia corrumpere. v. 
 supr.), pecunia oppugnare, Cic. : soUi- 
 citare. Curt. : corruptelam (judicis) mo- 
 liri, Cic, etc. : v. bribery : by various 
 artifices, (animos militum) variis arti- 
 bus subruere, Tac. : v. to tamper with, 
 UNDERMrNE. |||, To debase, falsify : 
 corrumpo, depravo (Cic. uses both of 
 the perverse ingenuity of the lawyers : 
 Mur, 12, 21): V. falsify. Phr.: the 
 langiuxge of Greece is very much c.'d, 
 ♦multum immutata est ac depravata Fin- 
 gua Helleiiistica a vetere illo ac puro 
 Graecorum sermone. 
 
 corrupt (adj.) : I. Decomposed : 
 putrgfactus, ptitridus, puter, corruptus: 
 v. rotten. II, In moral «.-nse : 1, 
 
 corruptus : used both as part, and adj. : 
 Sail. : Cic 2. incestus, impurus : v. 
 IMPURE. 3. inquinaius. v. pollited. 
 
 III, Accessible to bribery : veualis, 
 e: V. VENAL: also nummarius: Cic. 
 
 IV. ^'"^ genuine (as a text), or 
 debased (as language): corruptus, de- 
 pravaius : to alter arui mend c. passages, 
 depravalis locis veterum scriptorum 
 mederi, Ruhnk. ap. Kr. : a pa.ssage evi- 
 dently c, locus manifesto vitiatus, 
 Blonif. : somewhat c.,cui suhest quaedam 
 corruptela, id. 
 
 corrupter : 1. corrupter, /. cor- 
 ruptrix: Cic Phr.; the cmnmon c. of 
 our children, communis corruptela 
 (abstr. for concr.) nostrum liberum, Ter. 
 (depravator is not found). 2. per- 
 diior,/. perdltrix (stronger than corrup- 
 tor: V. destroy kr): luxury tlie c. of 
 chastity, luxuria perditrix tastitatis, 
 Tert. (but perditor reipublicae is de- 
 stroyer of the commonwealth). 
 
 corruptibility : I. Liability to 
 
 coiruption : corruptlbilitas : i'ert. May 
 perh. be expr. by pi. of corruptio : as, 
 the body is sntfject to c, *airruptionibu9 
 obnoxium est corpus hominis : or, cor- 
 nunpi acdlssolvi fK)test: seeL. G. J 591. 
 
 II, Accessibility to bribes : venalltaa 
 (rare) : v. venality. 
 
 corruptible; I, Liable to cor- 
 ruption : corruptjbilis (rare) : Lact. : 
 Vulg. (another form is corruptilis) : or 
 expr. with verb : quod corrumpi ac dis- 
 solvi potest: see verb. U. ^cces- 
 
 sible to bribes : venalis : v. venal. 
 
 corrupting (adj.) .- corruptrlx, icis 
 (very rare): or with masc. subs., cor- 
 ruptor (L. G. 598) : a c. province, cor- 
 ruptrlx provincia, Cic: v. corrupter. 
 (Or expr. with verb: qui corrumpit, 
 depravat, etc.) 
 
 corruption : I. Physical : cor- 
 
 ruptio (e. g. corporis, i. e. disease, Cic), 
 piitor, putredo : v. decomposition, rot- 
 tenness, decay. ||. Moral ; 1, 
 corruptio (rare) : Cic. has opinionum 
 corrupiio. 2. corruptela (prop, a 
 
 means of corruption : hence often in 
 pi.) : the temptations of c, illecebrae cor- 
 ruptelarum. Sail. : a storehouse of every 
 kind of c, corruptelarum omnis generis 
 ofiBcina, Liv. J9, 10. 3, depravatio: 
 Join: d. et foeditas auimi, Cic 4, 
 pravitas: v. viciousness, depravity. 
 
 III, In the use of words: deprava- 
 tio : Cic : with ref. to MSS. corruptela 
 is often used: scmie c, *vitiati aliquid, 
 
 IV, By money: corruptela (Cic) 
 largitio: ambitiK : v. bribery: in the 
 administration of a province, (res) re- 
 petundae : v. extortion. 
 
 corruptly : 1 corrupte : to pro- 
 nounce words c, verba c. prommtlare, 
 Gell. : Cic: v. wrongly. (Less strong 
 than the Eng., and not necessarily in- 
 volving what is morally wrong : Cic, 
 who has neque depravate judicare neque 
 c., Fin. I, 21, Ti.) 2. inceste, im- 
 piire : v. impurely. 3, turplter : 
 
 flagitK5se : v. disgracefully. Phr.: 
 to administer justice c, *pecunias prop- 
 ter res judicaiidas accipere : v. bribe. 
 
 corsair ; pirata, praedo (maritlmus) : 
 V. pirate. 
 
 corse : ^'- corpse. 
 
 corselet: 1. lorica: a c. of chain 
 mail, moUi 1. catena, Val. ; conserta 
 hamis, Virg. (but the lorica was origi- 
 nally of leather while the thorax was of 
 metal). 2. thOrax, acis,/. : v. breast- 
 plate. 3. cataphracta (made of 
 linen, vool, or mail) : Veg. ; Tac. 
 Wearing a c, lorlcatus : also cata- 
 phractus (prop, a Greek term : see Liv. 
 n. 40). 
 
 cortege: comitatus, us: V. RETllTDE. 
 
 corticated (adj.) .- i. e. like bark .• 
 corticosus : Plin 
 
 COruscant : coruscus, fulgens : V. 
 
 FLA.^HING, glittering. 
 
 coruscation: 1, c6ruscatio(rare 
 and late) : Solin. 2. fulgor : v. flash, 
 
 at-LENDOUR. 
 
 corvette : p^rh. celox, ocis • Liv. 
 corymbiferous : aSrymblfer: Ov.* 
 
 V. CLUSTERING.
 
 CORYPHAEUS 
 
 c o i; i> T i; B 
 
 C O U N T K N A N C E 
 
 coryphaeus : I, I' ' t. : master of 
 
 ao'iinus: 1 cftr5^liafus (<ir. «opu- 
 i^a^.^) : M. L. (in Cic. only fig.) 2. 
 magist^r (sc. clmri). Cic. ||, Klg. : 
 
 a Uader : cOryjihaeus : (Jic. (" c. Kpicu- 
 reorum," N. D. i, 21, 59): v. chief, 
 
 LKADF.K. 
 
 cosmetic {subs.) -. 1, fucns (prop. 
 a maiiiie plant 'lielding a ruddy di/e): 
 to hide peisotial defects by vuans of 
 C.S, vilia corporis luco occvilcre, I'l. 
 ?lmly., lolorern luco nientiri, yuint. 
 2. niSdi. ami n : in pi., niedlciimina 
 formac.Ov. A. A. I. 205: to r^b thejace 
 with C.S, lacieni nicdlcaniinilms atlerere, 
 I'etr. 3. meilicauu'iitum ( ^ 2) : 
 
 Sen. 4. piKMiciiiiim : t'lln. : v. pig- 
 MENT. N.B. .Set- Ov. I. c. (supr) : where 
 the subject is treated lit- has the e.\- 
 pressiiMis. candorem quaen-re creta ; 
 arte rubere, etc. 
 
 cosmogony : •cosmOgonia (Gr. 
 KOoriJioyui'ta) . tlie ilile ol a work by 
 Partuenides translated by .Xylander 
 " liber de ortu mundi . " Plut. Mor. 
 756. E. 
 
 cosmographer : cnsmographus, 
 Auct. di- ProRfn. Aug. 
 
 cosmopolite : nmndanns (Gr. ko<t- 
 Hiicos) parnpliraseil by Cic. " totius 
 mundi incola Pt ilvis, ' lusc. 5, 57, 108. 
 (Cosmicus i^ given by l{. and A., on the 
 strength of .Mart. •;, 41 ; but the mean- 
 ing there is doubtlul.) 
 
 cost ('•"''S-) •• I. I'l-ke of a thivg 
 bought ill- sold: prStiimi . v. price 
 II, hxp"nsr : Inipeiidiuni, impensa, 
 sumptus V. KXPKNSK. Ill, In law, 
 thecosts : inipcnsae in litem factae, Paul. 
 Dig. }. 1. J^- Plir. : to condemn any 
 one to till- purmnil if penalty and c, 
 damnum ei iiii|«'nsas litis adversarlo 
 inferre aliqii^ ni cuere. Just. Inst. |y. 
 Loss or liftiimnit : Phr. : to my cost: 
 damno ciiiii niagiio meo, PI. • so with 
 malum : at your c, malo cum tuo, Pi. : 
 somewhat les.s strong is incommodo tuo, 
 Cic. : or expr. with poena: as. liars are 
 mostly disliirnest t.i their c, solent men- 
 dwes lucre poetias maltfici, Phaedr. 
 
 cost I") •• I. consto, stiti. 1 (usu. 
 withab/. of definite price; gen. in the 
 case of such expr. as quaiiti, tanti, etc.: 
 L. G. 281): tn c.four liundiedthousand 
 sesterces, quadi itigentis millibus c, Varr. ■ 
 Cic. to c. iiiilhinij, gratis c, Cic. to c. 
 very littir, vilissime c, Col. ; also mi- 
 nimo c. (I,. G. 281, 06s. 2). Fig.: he 
 pluinly tells them hmr many brave 
 men's death f the xuctory must suieli, c, 
 edocet quot viroruin fortium niorte ne- 
 cesse sit c. victoriam, Caes. 2. sto, 
 stfiti, statum, I ((onstr. same as consto). 
 I'olybiiLs I'Tites that this affair c. the 
 Acliaeans 100 talents, P. scribit centum 
 lalentis earn rem Achaeisstetisse. Uv. : 
 so little did a great victori/ c. tantulo 
 impendio ingens victoria stetit, Ctirt. : 
 this viclori/ avt the Carthaginians much 
 blood and many vounds, niulto san- 
 guine ac vuliieribus ea Poenis victoria 
 stetlt, l.iv. : sometimes with abl. of 
 8UCI; words as quMtiio v. supr.: alas! 
 how mut'/i has iiie night c. ymir realms, 
 heu ! quanto rcgnis nox stetit una tuis ! 
 Ov. Virg. 3. May also be expr. 
 
 with venire, vendi. emi, e.sse, to be sold, 
 to 6e at Mich a price : as, a pound (of 
 violet puiple) cost too diiiaiii, libra 
 denariis centum venibat, Nep. ap Plin.: 
 v. TO SELL (f.ntr.) Phr.: such ejlort 
 did it c, tar Me mi>lis erat. Virg. how 
 much do his lefsmis c, qiianti docet? 
 Juv. : it coft me a gnut struggle, etc., 
 viK a me impctrare potui ut, etc. (Ivr. 
 based on Cic). 
 
 cost-price: quanti quid constitit, 
 eniptiim e.st: v. to cost. 
 
 coster-monger : *qui oiera circum- 
 
 firt ac Vfiidit: or perh. olitor: the 
 olilor appears to have sold vegetables 
 as well as grown them. 
 
 costive: aslrictus, restrictus, durus, 
 coiiipressus (of the bouels): v cONSTt- 
 P.XTKll, CONSTIPATION. 
 
 COstiveness : alvus astricta, re- 
 gtricta, compressa, dura: v. a)SSTiPA- 
 
 »IOK. 
 
 costliness: cSrltas: v. deabness 
 Or expr with prntiuni : as. iiot tn be 
 much tMught oil wJMunt of its c, "prop- 
 ter magnum pretium nun vulgo emi : v 
 PRICK, expense 
 
 costly (clj): 1. pr6li0su8: v. 
 
 piiEciOf.s. 2. cirus : v deak. Or 
 
 expr. with pretium: as, to be c, magni 
 esse preiii. or maguo pretio : v. pkice. 
 Phr.: m a c. mainier, preliose, sump- 
 
 tuose V EXPENSIVELY. 
 
 costume: 1. vestitus, us: v. 
 
 DKi-Ss. 2. hiiblius, ui : esp. in phr , 
 
 theatriiaX c, sceiiiciis h.. Suet. : tri- 
 umphal c, h. triumphalis, (juint. 
 
 cot : I. A cottage. ■ v. irifr. ||, 
 
 A child's t>ed : lectQlus : v bed. |||, 
 
 Fi/rdiivrs: columbarium: v. dove-cot. 
 
 cotemporary : v contempobarv. 
 
 cottage ■ L casa: theie veie a 
 
 few scattTeU c.s, rara c. (erat), Ov. . c.s 
 thatched withstian; c. stramentis teciae, 
 Caes. Uimin. c4silla, Plin. 2 tugii- 
 riuin (of a more humble kind, and usu. 
 maxie of rrrds, straw, etc.) Varr : the 
 turf-Uiatohed roof of my humble cot, 
 pauperis t. congestum caespite culmen, 
 Virg.. V. HUT 3, nmpalia, uni 
 
 applied to the buts of Numades in 
 Africa : " aedificia agresliuin Numi- 
 darum quae mapalia illi vocant," Sail. 
 ./ug. 18: Virg : l.iv. 
 
 cottager : cisSrius (= casae incola) : 
 Cod. Tbeod. (But in ordinary prose or 
 in verse, agresiis or rusiicus may be 
 near enough v. peasant ) 
 
 cotton : gossypion or go.ssypium (of 
 which plant many species are used in 
 modern manulactiire): Ptin. 19, i, 14: 
 also called xylon. and the cotton fabrics, 
 xyliiia sc. lina, ib. The tree is also 
 called gossympinus, id. 12, 10, 21 : and 
 the cotton doun is called lana (nnol) by 
 Virg. G. 2, 120: more fully" lanadeligno 
 quam Graeci epiofvAoi- appellant," Ulp. 
 
 cotton-mill: * (xylinorum) offlcina. 
 
 cotton-plant: v. cotton. 
 
 couch {subs.) : 1. ciibile, is, n. : 
 V BED. 2. lectus • esp. of c.s used at 
 the table; where there were usu. three, 
 sumnius, medius, imus : v Diet, Ant. 
 s. V. triclinium. Wmiin. lectuius: Cic. 
 3. pulvinar, aris, n. (esp of the 
 cushioned couches oti vhich the imagis 
 of the duds were placed) : Cic. : Liv. 
 
 couch (i-)- A. Intr.: |. Of 
 a wild beast : to c. doun ; esp. before a 
 !!pring : perh. subsido, }: which Liv. 
 uses of elephants sruking on their but- 
 tocks, clunibus subsidentes. 44, 5, med. : 
 cf. Virg. A. 12, 491 : "siibstitil Aeneas 
 et se collegit in arma, poplite sub- 
 sidens" or sese subniitt<'re ut melius 
 exsiliat. ||. To stoop dou-n, esp. for 
 concealment, as in an ambuscade : sub- 
 sido, subsideo (the foniier referring to 
 the ait of stooping doun : the latter to 
 the being or rt'maiving in such a posi- 
 tion) • V. stoop down, LIE IN WAIT. 
 B. T r a n s. : \, To station (in 
 
 ambush): in insidiiscollocare, dispunere, 
 etc.: V. AMi!f.SH II. 7o /eitf a lance: 
 intendo, purrigo: v. to aim, stretch 
 FOUTH. Phr.: to receive an aitaclc 
 with lanres c.'d. pr.Jecui hasta excipere 
 liostem, Nep. Chab. i: nith lance c.'d, 
 iiilesta h:istd (i. e. pointed agoin.yt the 
 erieuty), Liv. |||, 'I'o pcrjorm an 
 
 opiratif/n on the eye: perh.*Miffusiontin 
 oculo demere, toliere (i. e. in any way 
 to remiive the cataract ). 
 
 cough (subs.): tnssis, is,/.: a dry 
 c, t. hiaa. ('els.: a Tough, hard c, t. 
 aspen. .Mart : also used of the single 
 cough ings 'I'er. • to driie away or care 
 a c, t. discutere, Col. to relieve ?t, t. 
 levare, Cels. ; lenire. Plin. Dimin., a 
 slight c, tussiciila, Cels.: Plin.: c. me- 
 diciiies, tussicfiliiria medlcameiia, Coel. 
 Atir. to hare a Imd c, male lussire : v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 cough ("•) ■* tussio, Ivi, 4 (either to 
 haie a cough, or til make a coughing) : 
 to c. frequently, crebr.. t.. Quint. . all 
 day lung, tolls diebu.--. Mart. To cnuyh 
 tip, e.\tu.ssio: Cels: I'liii. 
 
 coulter: dens (aralri): cf. Virg i, 
 262: or *cultcr (aratri' 
 
 council: 1, concilium (usually » 
 large body, as dlstinfniished Irom con- 
 silium, which denotes a lume select 
 body): to hold a c, c habi-re, PI.: to 
 summon a c, c. vocare, Virg. : to dis- 
 miss a c. c. dimittere. Caes. : a general 
 c, c. oecunu-nicuni, hxcl. 2. con- 
 silium : V. supi: (esp. a deliberative 
 assembly) : u-itJi the aid of his c (i. e. 
 the judirrs) he xniestigates tlie laute, 
 cum o.nsilio causam ci.gnoscit, Cic: 
 (iaiba, having quickly summoned a c, 
 began to ask for their opinions, Gsdbti, 
 c. celeriter convoCHto, senttntias ex- 
 quirere (oepit: Caes.: Liv.: a Ttu/re 
 august c. (" privy-c."), sanctius c. Liv. 
 ?o, 16. 3. (ac.ifivai): praeiorium 
 (.so named from the place of its meet- 
 ing) : Liv. 
 
 councillor: '■ e. member of a coun- 
 cil: consiliaiius: Suet. I ib. 55 : a tawn- 
 c, i. e. member of the c. or Sefwle of a 
 provincial (oun, dfcilrio. Cic. 
 
 counsel (s"*)*-)-' I. Advice: 1. 
 consilium : evil c.s, mala c. Tac. : to 
 take c. with any one, c. caiwre una cum 
 aliquo, Ter. : Cic: v. advicf- 2. 
 aucioritas (the v eighty c.s if some infiu- 
 ential person): Cic. Phr.: to take C. 
 of any one, consulere (with ace.): v. 
 (ON>ULT : to take c. togeUier, dcliberare: 
 
 v. TO DELIBERATE: to keep One't C, 
 
 secum consulere (?), sihi soli rem com- 
 mittere: v. commit, entrust. ||. In 
 pl.^policy : 1, consilia, orum : Hor. 
 2, providentia- v. prudence, fube- 
 thought. III. I nidence : consilium; 
 force vithout c, vis consill expers, 
 Hor.: V. prtidence. |V. In law: 
 
 an advicate: patronus, advocalus (the 
 latter prop, assistant c.) : v. aiaocate. 
 Phr.: to be c. for any one, adess« 
 alicui, Cic. 
 
 counsellor : consilianus. auctor., 
 consiliator: v. adviser, councillor. 
 
 count (subs.) : *c6mes, itis (from 
 which the modern title is derived) : see 
 Du (iinge for various titles of the kind. 
 
 count i^-) ■ I. 7'o numt>er one bt, 
 one: \, numgro, i : to c. a flock, n 
 pecus, Virg. : to c. on one's fingeis 
 n. per digitos, Ov. : to c. the senate, t. 
 senatum, Cic. : often implying posses- 
 sion: as, to c. many friends, niultos D 
 amicos, Ov. : 'lac. 2. enumSro, I 
 (toe. «p; sdso c. out money : v. foil. art.) : 
 to c. up days, dies e., Caes.: v. KNrxE- 
 RATE. 3. denumifro, i (to c sepa- 
 rately) : Cic. : Virg. 4. percenseo, 
 ui. 2 : more fully numerando percenseo 
 (implying a careful surrey in count- 
 ing): V ho can c. your services to mef 
 quis possit veslra in me promerila p. 
 numerando? (Sc Phr. : to c. up on 
 the fingers, rationem digitis computare, 
 PI. . V. beckon : til c. the number uj the 
 slain, numerxmi interlectorum inire. Liv. 
 ?8, 24, »/i«i. II. Toiegarilas: habeo, 
 duco, existinio : v. consider, reckon. . 
 
 out to: 1. anni'imero. f : 
 
 he c.s out to me a talent ff silver, mihi 
 talentum argenti an.. PI.: Cic. 2. 
 diiiiiniero, i (less freq.) : to c. <'i/( twenty 
 minus to any one, alicui viginti mitias 
 d., Ter. 3. eimmfro, i : to c. out 
 
 the pi ice, i. e. to j>ay it, preilum e., Cic 
 4. nfiinero, i: to emit pay to the 
 soldiers, slipendium n. militibus, Cic. : 
 Caes. 
 
 up: enfimfiro, i. v. extuie- 
 
 BATE. 
 
 upon (''■ '"''■ ) ■■ '• e. to reckon 
 
 (m : Phr.: to c. upon yieace with cer- 
 tainty, paceni expluralam hal'ere. Cic 
 Phil. 7, 6, 16: not to lie aide to c. with 
 certainty upon anything, nihil Gdum, 
 nihil exploraliim habere, Cic. : also folL 
 by ace. and inf.. id.: / think I may 
 almost c. upon victory, magna me spes 
 victuriae habet, S.1II. : that vhich may 
 be c.'d on, perspectus. perspectissinius, 
 Cic. : he uill be able to c. uj^n it. thai 
 nothing etc., eril ei perspecium. nihil 
 etc., Cic. Or. J.^,|in.: c.itg npmi. freius 
 (loll, by abl.): v. belying on : and cf. 
 
 artt. DEPF.NII ON, TRUST. 
 
 countenance: I. The face, looks: 
 1. facies, fei (includujg the euiira 
 i6j
 
 COUNTENANCE 
 
 COUNTERPLEA 
 
 COUNTRY 
 
 make): v. face, figure. 2. <». °^^' 
 «. (applicable also to brutes; when it 
 means the numlh : q. v.) : the c. of 
 angry pers(/ns, os iratorum, Cic. : to 
 tnan he gare an upturned c, os homlni 
 STiblime dedit, Ov.: v. face. 3. 
 
 vultus, us (only of human beings : t)ie 
 features and expression of the face) : 
 the c. U the image of the mind, imago 
 animi v. est, Cic. : the nhole c.isa kind 
 ojf siltnt discourse of the mind, v. totus 
 senno quidam tacitus mentis est, Cic. : 
 a fierce c, torvus v., Hor. : o cheerful c, 
 V. hllarus, I'lin. : a sad c, v. moestus, 
 Hor. : a ghrmy c, v. tristwr, Suet. : a 
 false c, ficii slmulatique v., Cic. : the c. 
 of the threatening tyrant, v. instaniis 
 tyramii, Hor. (the wi.rd not unttequently 
 refers to an angry or menacing c. : Tac). 
 Join: OS vultusque (the former the 
 ftatures, the lalter the expressimi) : Cic. 
 II. Calmness, unaltered composure : 
 Ph r. :" to put any (me out of c, differre 
 aliquem [itaj ut apud se ne sit, Ter. 
 Andr. 2, 4, 5 : also turbare, conturbare 
 (stronger than simple verb) : v. distbrb, 
 EMBARRASS: if shanie be the disturbing 
 emotion, ruborem alicui incutere, Liv. : 
 afferre, Tac. ; v. abash . to keep one's c, 
 i.e. refrain fromlaughing, risum tenere, 
 Hor. Ill, Favour, aid: favor, oris: 
 V. FAVOUR. To give one's c. to anything, 
 favere, indulgere (both with dat.): see 
 verb; and to favour. 
 countenance (f) ■• 1. Javeo, favi, 
 
 fautum, 2 (with dot.). Join: f. et 
 cnpere (to c. and wish well to), Caes. : 
 to c. an opinion, sententiae f., Cic. : v. 
 TO FAVOUR. 2. indulgeo, si, turn, 2 
 (with dat.) : i. e. to indulge, give uuy 
 to: q. V. 3. adjuvo, au.xilior; im- 
 plying active support : v. abet, afd. 
 
 counter {subs.) .- \.A small round 
 piece of ivory, etc.: 1, calcillus : 
 
 prop, apebble: used both in games and 
 calculations: Cic: Mart. 2. lupinus 
 or liipinum : prop, o lupine seed : u^ed 
 on the stage as a substitute for money : 
 Hor. II, A shop-counter: mensa (a 
 money-changer's c): Hot., who has it 
 also iil a fishmonger's c, S. 2, 4, 37. 
 
 counter (adu.) .- chiefly In pbr. 
 counter to : contra-Cprep. with ace.) : v. 
 AGAfNST : to run c. to, adversuri, repug- 
 nare, Cic: v. opposf, : as adj., conira- 
 rlns: the counter-speeches of Aeschines 
 and Demosthenes, orationes inter se con- 
 trariae Aeschinis et Demosthenis, Cic: : 
 y. contrary to. 
 
 counteract: 1. rgnltor. nlsus, 
 and nixus, j (with dat.) : the one mo- 
 tion C.S the ottier,, alier mousalteri r., 
 Plin. 2, 82, 84: simly., allirno pulsu r., 
 ib. 2. occurro, obsisto (in fig. sense) : 
 V. thwart, resist. Join: occurrere 
 atque obsistere (consiliis), Cic. 3. 
 medeor, 2 (with dat.): to c. an evil, 
 malo m., Cic. (cf. Nep. Pelop. 1 . " itaque 
 ntrique rei medebor quantum potero, et 
 occurram quum satieUti turn igiio- 
 rantiae leciorum"): v. to remeuv. 
 P h r. : "to c. medicines and nourish dis- 
 ease," *inedicamenti.s obBcere et morbum 
 alere: the one tried to c. the other, *alter 
 alien adversarl atque in contrariam 
 partem teiidere. 
 
 counteraction: impSdltio (rare), 
 mora: v. hindrance. Or better, expr. 
 with verb : v. preced. art. 
 
 counterattraction : 'vis in con- 
 
 trarium trahens. 
 
 counterbalance ("•)•• I T r a n s. : 
 
 1. aequo, l : these extraordinary vir- 
 tues were c.d by great viues, has tantas 
 viri virtutes ingentia vitia aequabant, 
 Liv. 2. exaequo. i : v. kqualize. 
 
 3. compenso, i (to weigh or set off 
 <me tiling against another): also rfi- 
 penso (rare), penso, in same sense : v. 
 eOMPEN^ATE. P h r. : to c. (of uvrds) 
 each other, qaasl dimensa et paria re- 
 gpondere, Cic; so with ratio: "bene 
 inter nos ratio accepti et expensi con- 
 venit," PI. : v. to balance. ||. I n.t,r. 
 (rare): inter se aeq'.iari. i-espondere: v. 
 
 TO BALANCE. 
 
 counterbalance «"to ) •■ "■ ««™- 
 TssroisE. 
 164 
 
 countercharge (s"b«) •■ *crimen in 
 eum intentuni qui alterum accusat 
 
 countercharm : [q"odJ contra fas- 
 cinanles, effascinationes [ponaturj, ct. 
 Plin. n, 4, 9(40); 19,4. 19 (5o)- 
 
 countercurrent: *q"o<i '" contra- 
 riam partem fluil : v. currknt. 
 
 counterevidence: *iesiimoniaquae 
 ex altera parte opponuntur. 
 
 counterfeit ("•) -• I. To forge, 
 copy, tyr imitate . imitor, 1 ; to c. the 
 cry of a pig, porcelli vocem i., Phaedr. : 
 this c.s that, but is not such, hoc im. 
 illud, sed non est ejusmodi, Cic But 
 imitor (more fully, imitando effingere 
 atque exprimere , is more usu. in good 
 sense : v. imitate. P h r. : to c. a will, 
 tesiamentura subjicere, supponere, sub- 
 dere : to c. coin, immos adulteriiios per- 
 cutere: v. to forge, coin. ||, To 
 put on a false resemblance : 1. 
 
 simulo, 1 (correl. dissiniulo ; to dis- 
 guise and hide) : to c. the storms and 
 lightning, nimbos et fulmen s., Virg. : 
 to c. nuidness, s. se furere, Cic. 2. 
 assimvilo, i : leaning on a staff she c.'d 
 an old uoman, inniiens baculo assimu- 
 lavit anum, Ov. 3, mentior, 4 : you 
 c. a young man by dyeing your hair, 
 menliris juvenem tinctis capillis. Mart. : 
 
 Virg. : v. FEIGN, PRETENB. 
 
 counterfeit (a<*?-) ■• 1- ficticius : 
 
 c. gems. f. genim.ie, Plin. : v. spurious. 
 2, aduUerinus: c. money, numus 
 a., Cic". 3. lalsus: a c. letter, f. 
 llterae, Liv. : at the waters of the c. 
 S^mois, f. Simoentis ad undam, Virg. 
 4. fictUS: V. FALSE (11.). 5. 
 
 fucatus {tricked out nnth spurious qua- 
 lities) : to distinguish all c. things from 
 genuine, omnia f. a sinceris secernere, 
 Cic 6. fucosus : (i. q. fucatus): Cic 
 7. meniitus (poet.) : c. v capons, m. 
 t«Ia, Virg. ■ c. shapes, m. figurae. Or. 
 
 counterfeit (.subs.) .- expr. with adj. .- 
 as, all c.s fall short of the real thing, 
 *dt'teriora sunt ficiicia omnia veris; 
 •• vincit imitationem Veritas," Cic : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 counterfeiter : I. I" sen. sense : 
 
 1. imitator,/, inntatrix (in good or 
 bad sense) : Brutus was a wise c. of a 
 fool, Brutus erat stulti sapiens imitator, 
 "Ov. : pleasure the c. of the good, boni 
 voluptas imiUtrix, Cic. 2. simil- 
 lator (i. e. one who pretends to be what 
 he is not): Sail, (who uses the word 
 adjectively) : animus cujuslibet lei simu- 
 lator ac dissimulator, Cat. 5- v. de- 
 ceiver, hypocrite. II, One whx) com- 
 mits forgery : falsarius, testameniarius; 
 qui adulterinam monetam exercet: v. 
 forger, coiner. 
 
 counterfeiting (.subs.): imitatio, sl- 
 mulalio ; v. im itation, pri:TENCE. Join: 
 imitatio siniulaiiuque (virtutis), Cic 
 
 countermand («•) • renuntio, 1 
 (with something in the context to fix 
 the meaning) ; he immediately sent to c. 
 the invitation to his fnends to take 
 counsel with him, renuntiari extemplo 
 amicis, quos in consilium rugaverat im- 
 peravit, Sen. (=•' renuntiari iis ne ad 
 se venirent," Fore): after having di- 
 rected the troops to embark, he c.'d Oie 
 order, *quum milites conscendere jus- 
 sisset [postea] consilium mutavit, iisque 
 renuntialura misit. 
 
 countermarch (■».) .- signa con- 
 vertere (to ./lite about): Caes.: Liv.: v. 
 to face (111.), MARCH BACK: to march 
 and c, *itinera hue illuc facere, Liv. 
 
 countermarch (subs.) : *iter in con- 
 trariam partem, retro, factum: or expr. 
 with verb (v. preced. an.) 
 
 countermine (subs.) .- ciiniculus 
 transversus, Liv. 
 
 countermine ("0 ■• transversis cuni- 
 culis cuniculos hostium excipere, Liv. 
 
 counterpane : (?) lodix, icis : Juv. : 
 
 Mart. 
 
 counterpart: no exact word: res 
 gemella; alter! rei ab omni pane simil- 
 lima; quae alteri rei respondel ad un- 
 guem ; etc. : v. corresponding. 
 
 counterplea : perh. quod actioni 
 opponitur (actio petilori intenta, R. 
 and A.). 
 
 counterplot ("•)■• -insidiatori Insi- 
 diari ; insidias insidiis, traudem fraudl 
 opponere : v. to puit. 
 
 counterplot (subs.): •insidiae insi- 
 diis opposi lae : v. plot. 
 
 counterpoise («-) ■ "■ to countkb 
 
 BALANCE. . 
 
 counterpoise (subs.): |. Lit. 
 
 a weight precisely balancing another 
 aequipondium. Viir. 10, ?, 4. (Sacoma, 
 Gr.<TTJitu)Ma, appears to be used in similar 
 sense, i±(),pief.: cf. Polyb. 8, ■), Jin.): 
 V. BALANCE. II. Fig.: *quod pari 
 
 momento est, tantidem momeuti habet . 
 
 V. WEIGHT, INFLUENCE. 
 
 counterscarp : perh. crgpido, inis, 
 /. (a term applied to ihe banked margin 
 of streams, ponds, etc) : Varr. : Plin. 
 or perh. more fully crepido niunita 
 [fossae]. 
 
 countersign (f-) ■• •nomen Buum 
 alterius nomini subsoribo; contra sub- 
 serilx). 
 
 countersign (subs.) -• tessera, Liv. 
 
 V. WATCHWORD. 
 
 counter-tenor (subs.) .- (?) altera at 
 ima vox; qui altera ab ima voce can tat : 
 V. Hor. Sat. 1, J, T, with Maclean's 
 note. 
 
 countervail («•)•• aequo, contra 
 valeo : v. TO counterbalance, nel- 
 
 TKALIZE. 
 
 countess: *comitissa: v.Du Change; 
 *couiitis uxor: v. count. 
 
 counting (subs.): diniimeratio, an- 
 r.'imeiatio (rare) : more usu. expr. witU 
 
 Vilb : V. TO COUNT. 
 
 counting-house : (?) rationaria or 
 tabularia (sc. domus or mensa) : the 
 latter is used by Just, of tlte office of a 
 registrar or public notary : v. account. 
 
 countless : innumerabilis, innii- 
 
 mferus: V. INNUMERABLE. 
 
 countrified : agrestis, rustlcus, or 
 comp. rusticior : v. rustic. 
 
 country (subs.) .- 1. As opposed 
 to town: 1. Siger, agri: (usu. ;I.): 
 not only from the city, but also from 
 the c, noil solum ex urbe sed eiiam ex 
 agris, Cic: Liv. 2. rus. ""uris, n. 
 (very often with a pleasant association 
 hence very freq. in the poets : of the pL 
 only tte nom. and ace. are in use): 
 lorers of the c, ruris amatores, Hor.: 
 the lovely c, r. amoenum, id.: Cic: 
 when men go to the c, quum rus hominei 
 eunt, PL: Ter.: (concerning constr., v. 
 L. G. 5 256, sqq.) : to live in the c, ruri 
 habitare, Cic: often in pi.: Cic: Hor. 
 One that lives in the c, ruricola, Ov. : to 
 line or stay in the c, rusticor, i : Cic: 
 whence, a stay in the c, rusiicatio, rus- 
 tlcitus, lis, id. ||. Any tract of land 
 or region as distinguished from anoth^ : 
 1. rggio, onis, /. : but we see the 
 largest c.s of the earth inhabitable, alqui 
 terrae maximas r. inhabitabiles videmus, 
 Cic. : V. REGION. (But regio may also 
 denote a "continent:" cf. Pomp. MeL 
 1,4: " cul totius regionis vocabulo cog- 
 nomen inditum est ;" of Africa.) 2. 
 terra (also wider in meaning than the 
 Kng. : to express it. usually some limit- 
 ing word is necessary) . the inland c.s, 
 iuteriora terrarum, Mel. : the c. of Italy, 
 t. Italia, Liv. : the c. of Gaul, t. tiallia, 
 Caes.: v. land. 3. fines, ium, pi. 
 
 (mostly with the notion of the fnm- 
 tiers implied) : into the c. oj the Hel- 
 loraci, Trinobantes, etc., in tines Bello- 
 vacorum, Trinobantum, etc.. Caes. 4. 
 tractus, us : i. e. a tract or district 
 of land : v. district. 5. ota, plilga : 
 V. REGION, COAST. 6. The name of 
 the inhabitants of a country is olleii put 
 for the country itself (see L. (i. § 6ob) : 
 esp. when the country has no special 
 name : as, to go from tlie e. of the 
 Treviri into that of tlie Menapii, ei 
 Treviris in Menapios venire, Caes. (pas- 
 sim): Mel. Phr. the first c. (you 
 cfime to) is Scythia, gentium prima est 
 Scyihia, Mel. • in peaceable c, in pacato, 
 Liv., as opp. to terra hosiilis, Cic: the 
 open c, loca pateniiora, <^aes. |||, 
 .\ atitx country : 1. pairia: '/ne'M na- 
 tive c, which is the common parent of 
 us all, p. quae communis est omnium
 
 CO U NTRV 
 
 C OU ns E 
 
 COURT 
 
 nostrum parens, Cic. : of other things 
 besides man : trees have their different 
 native c..<;, divisae sunt arboribus patriae, 
 Virg. Btlongivg to one's c, patrius (the 
 word patria itself strictly having terra 
 understood) . the language of oue's na- 
 tive c. semio p , Hiir (N.B. I'atria is 
 equally applicable when the native, place 
 is a single city ; as, Priene, Clazonienae 
 patriae, etc.) 2. sClum iwith iiatriuni 
 or some similar adj.) : s. patrium, Liv. ; 
 B. natale, Ov. : to leave one's c, i. e. go 
 into exile, solum vertere, Cic. : Liv. 
 Ph r. : of what c, cOJas, aiis: of what c. 
 are you, or from uhat townf ctyates 
 eslls, aut quo ex oppido .' PI. : when 
 Socrates ivas asked of wliat country he 
 said he was, Socrates quum rogaretur 
 cistern se esse diceret, inquil, Cic. : 
 one belonging to Iht same c, pOpQlaris: 
 Cic: I'er : (more usu.ci vis) v. fellow- 
 COtJNTBTMAN. |V. With esp. refer- 
 
 ence to the inhabitants: natio, gens, 
 
 pdpulus: V. PEOPLE, NATION. 
 
 country (o^O-) •■ •• e. belonging to the 
 country ^in sense I.): rusticus, agrestis: 
 c. li/e, vita nistlca, Cic. (Not agrestis : 
 which would imply boorishness : v. boob- 
 ISH) . c. estates, r. praedia, id. v. RtjsTic. 
 Or expr by gen. of rus : as, c. plea- 
 tures, *ruritt [amoenij oblectamenta, vo- 
 iuptutes : V. subs. 
 
 country-folk : homines agrestes, 
 
 rUStlcl: V. COUNTBVMAX (I.). 
 
 country-house; viiia(orig a/a»->»i- 
 house . q V.) : dimin. villiila: Cic. : Hor. 
 (Also c. hi/uses were often called from 
 the district in which they were situ- 
 ated : as Cic.'s J'usculanum, Arplnas, 
 etc.) 
 
 countryman : I. Or.e living in the 
 country (v. subs. I.): rusticus; homo 
 agrestis : v. bustic. Also ruricola 
 (chiefly poet.): Col For the use of 
 
 COlODUS, V. FABMEB, SWAIN. ||, One 
 
 belonging to the same country: civis, 
 pCpiilaris : v. fellow-countryman. 
 
 country-town: municiplum rusti- 
 canum Cic. Or simply oppidum, oppi- 
 dolum (a small town): v. town. 
 
 county (Knglish): *comitatus, us: 
 Milt. Def. 
 
 county-town ; *comltatus caput : V. 
 
 CAPITAL 
 
 COUP-d'etat: *facinus publicum et 
 inopinatum : to attempt a c, res nova.s 
 tentare; nova moliri (Veil. 2, 129): v. 
 
 OEVOLUTION. 
 
 coup-de-grace : v. finishing stroke. 
 
 COUP-de-main : repentlnusimpi-ms. 
 Liv. : a place too strong to be earned by 
 a c locus nmniiior qiiam ut primo 
 impetu capi posset, Curt. ; qui impetus 
 et subita belli abnuebat, lac. 
 
 couple (t'O ■■ |. Trans. : to join 
 together : copiUo, connecto, conjuiigo, 
 
 etc: V. TO CONNECT JOFN. ||. 1 n- 
 
 trans. : (of auimolB): cOeo, maritor: 
 V. TO copulate 
 
 couple (su6.'.): I, Tito of any- 
 
 thing: p.cr, jugura, Wnj : v pair. j|. 
 Of the sexes : (ijesides par, juguin, 
 which are used in this sense), conjQ- 
 gium: Plin. (^o( animals) : also mariti 
 {of persons) : as, novi mariti, "a young 
 c," Apul. (^ nova nupia et novus nia- 
 ritus) III, For binding or leashing : 
 copula: V leash. 
 
 couplet: distichon, i, n. : Mart.: v. 
 uisTicH : (or blnl versus). 
 
 courage : 1. animus : our men's 
 c. is increased, nostris a. augetur, Claes. 
 sufficient c, satis animi. Ov. : to be of 
 good c, ixmo a. esse ; a. niagno fortique 
 esse ; animo (or, of several persons, 
 animis) adesse et omittere timurem. 
 Cic. : to inspire with c, alicul animtmi 
 adiiere, iiyicere : v. to inspibe : to lose c., 
 animo (animis) cadere, Cic. (also alicul 
 cadit animus, id. : Liv.) : in pi. the 
 word is often us^d in bad sense : v. pre- 
 BtlMPTlON. 2. virtus: v. valoxtb. 
 
 3. audacia : v. daring, boldness. 
 
 courageous : L Scer, acris, acre 
 implying active couragi-) : c. soldiers. 
 a. miliies, Cic: a c. nation, a. genus, 
 Liv.: freq. with bello, or militiae, esp. 
 in Tac: V. keen, warlike. 2. 
 
 alScer, cris, ere (less strong than acer, 
 and opposed to ignavus): v. AtTivt, 
 ALERT. 3. inimosos {full of spirit 
 to meet difficulties of all kinds) : sliow 
 thyself c, and have fortitude tin adver- 
 sity), animosus atque fortiR appare, 
 Hon : V. spiKrrED. 4. fferux : nalu- 
 
 rally mettlesome and warlike : q. v. 
 
 5. fortls. sirenuus- V. brave, vi- 
 gorous. 6. Kxpr. i^ animus : as, 
 be c, ades animo, or, adeste animis (of 
 more than one), Cic. : v. courage (1). 
 See also bold, Daring. 
 
 courageously: acrlter (as acriter 
 pugnam inlrc, Liv.), fortlter, audacter : 
 
 V. BR-WEI.V, BOLDLY, FKAKLESSLV. 
 
 courier: 1. cursor, oris- Nep. : 
 Plln. 2. nuntius: a messenger of 
 any kind: q. v. 3. tabelliirius : Cic : 
 V. u-TrTEB-CARRiER. 4. vgrcdarius 
 
 {on horseljock : late) : Sid. : Firm. : such 
 a courier's horse, vSredus, Cod. Just. 
 
 6. hem6rodr6mus (Gr. Tjficpoipo- 
 IJXk) : Liv. : Nep. ; the word is rendered 
 by the former speculator (ji, 24), and 
 by the latter cursor (Milt. 4, ;). 
 
 course (subs.) .- |. Motion in 
 
 some particular direction : \, cursus, 
 us (in most senses) : the c.s of the stars, 
 stellarum c, Cic: so of riiers, Cic: 
 Ov. : of ships at sea (esp. in phr. tenere 
 cursum, to keep on their course, Caes. : 
 Cic) ; to direct one's c, c. dirigcre, Nep. : 
 to be dtiven out of it, cursu excuti, Virg. 
 Fig.: the c. of the times,c. temponxra, 
 Cic. 2. lapsus, us (a gliding or Jloiv- 
 ing c.) : the rapid c. of rivers, fluminnm 
 rapidi lapsus, Hor.: the stars proceed 
 in a fixed c. and space, stellae certo 1. 
 spalioque leruntur, Cic. : to flow to the 
 sea by its natural c. (of the water of the 
 Alban laKe), lapsu et cursu suo ad mare 
 proftnere. id. 3. tenor, oris (a c. that 
 is steadily kept on : cf. the phr. cursum 
 tenere, supr.) : the spear flies, and keeps 
 its c, hasta volat, servatque t., Virg.: 
 c. of life, vitae t, Ov. 4, via, iter: 
 v. ROUTE, WAY : to direct one's c, iter 
 dirigere, Cic: to alter one's c, iter 
 flectere, Virg. : also flectere viam veils, 
 id. A. 5, 28. Fig.: the c. of our affec- 
 tion and my attentive7iess, iter amoris 
 nostri et officii mei, Cic. Att. 4, 2, init. 
 Phr.: to direct one's c. toicards, pfto 
 (with a4x.) : v. MAKE for, go to : to 
 run through one's c. of life, decurrere 
 vitam, Tib. ; also d. spatium vitae (for 
 the figure Is boiTowed from the circus), 
 Ov. : that c. of study, orbis ille doctrinae. 
 Quint. : the uhole c. of our industry, 
 curriculum omne iiidustriae nostrae, Cic. 
 
 II. Stated and orderly method of 
 proceeding : esp. in phr., iu due course : 
 ordinatim : to canvass for htmours {offices) 
 in the commonuealth in due c. honores 
 ordinatim petere in republica, Cic. : so 
 also, ex ordlne, per ordinem, in ordlne : 
 each according to his precedence in age 
 and rank gave his opinion in due c, ut 
 quisque aetate et honore antecedebat, 
 ita sententiam dixit ex ordine. Cic: v. 
 OKDER (in). Out q/' c, extra ordinem: 
 to decree a province to any one <mt of c, 
 extra ord. decemere provinciam allcui, 
 Cic : the act of going through all public 
 offices in due c, decursus honorum, Cic 
 
 III, I'lan or regulaUd proceeding : 
 1, rStio, onis, /. : to resolve on a 
 
 certain c. r. instituere, PI. : more usu., 
 r. Inlre, Caes. : to abandon a c, r. omit- 
 tere, Caes. : my c. in speaking is accus- 
 tomed to be asfoVovs, mea r. in dicendo 
 haec esse solet, Cic. 2. consilium : 
 rwr do I knoiv what c. now to take, 
 iieque quid nunc consili capiam scio, 
 Ter.: Cic: v. plan. 3. insatQtum 
 
 (a course resolved upciTi, deliberately 
 adopted) . to follow one's oim c, instiluto 
 suo uti, Caes. : Cic Phr.- to let a 
 person take his omi c, *permittere allcui 
 ut ad arbitrium suum, ad libidlnem 
 suam agat, cf. supr. (I., fin.). |V. 
 The place where a race is run : circus, 
 spiitium V. race-course. V. A 
 
 course of lectures : perh. •schOlamm 
 series: to deliver a c. of lectures, scholas 
 habere, cf. Cic. Tusc I, 4. -. VI. 
 
 Of medicine: ciraiio : v. treatment. 
 
 VII. In arch'tecture c. of ttoneuvrk, 
 etc.: chOrium, Viir. VIII. Serriee 
 of meat : Phr.: tJie first, teamd. and 
 third c, coena prima, altera, tenia. 
 Mart. : he used to gire a dinner of ifirte 
 C.S, coenam temis lerculis prael>ebat, 
 buet. : Juv. IX. in certain phr.: 
 
 (a), in the course of : 1. tie {v,itb ahl.) : 
 only of time: iu the c. of the night, dt 
 nocle, Caes : Cic. (also at>l. alone), v. 
 LN. 2. inter (with aoc. : esp. belore a 
 gerund) : in the c of speating, inter 
 IfKiuendum (also In sermone, e. r. In- 
 jicere, to let lall tn c. of onivfrsntion, 
 Cic): V. DURING. (N.B. Iter seriui. nig 
 is the dr\ft or line iff reatonivg in dis- 
 course or conversation: Cic, Leg., i, i|, 
 }1.) {0). of c, as a matter of c. : 1. 
 contlnuo: (only in comi'Ction with a 
 negative, or a question implying one): 
 if I have mingled aith a cmi- if assas- 
 sins, I am not, therrfore, <u a maltrr of 
 c, an assassin, non c, si me in gregem 
 sicariorum com nil, sicanus, Cic: if he 
 is free from evil, does he, as a matter 
 of c, enjoy tlie diirfest goodf si malo 
 careat, cne fruiiur summu bono.' Cic 
 2. scilicet, what says .S'aevius to this? 
 he laughs, of c, at our folly, quid ad 
 haec N..> ridet, scilicet, nostram amen- 
 tiam, Cic: your oompaniims follou<ed 
 the maiden, of c.i comites si-cuti s. 
 sunt virginem? Ter. : present my respects 
 to my sister. — Of c. .' graiulator meae 
 sorori.— Scilicet ! Plaut. : very often 
 ironical : people trouble themselves a 
 great deal about that, ofc.'. id populns 
 curat s. ! Ter. : v. kobsooth. 3. ni- 
 mirum {=no doubt: q. v.): very often 
 iron. : Hor. : Juv. 4. videlicet (iron.) : 
 Cic : V. doubtless. 
 
 course of exchange : colly bus : v. 
 agio. 
 
 COtirse (i") ■■ I. Of the chase : 
 
 venor, sector : v. to hunt. ||, To run 
 fast: currip, propero: v. to hubrv, run. 
 
 courser : *veiiator £quus. 
 
 coursing {subs.): lepOris venatio. 
 
 court {subs.) : I. A space belong- 
 ing to a house, enclosed by a vail or 
 fence : \. area (applicable to any 
 
 open space : v. area) : Plin. Ep. 2. 
 atrium {the inner court, entered from 
 the front door: v. l»ict. Ant., s. v. 
 domus) : v. hall. 3. aula (Gr. ovAi 
 = Lat. atrium): Hor.: Prop. 4. 
 
 propitulum {an o; en fiont court : 
 the atrium was entirely covered, ex- 
 cepting over the impluvium or tank : 
 V. Diet. Ant. p. 427. b.) in the open 
 {front) c. of his house, in propatulo 
 doml. Nep Hann. 9. ? (see the pl.ice); 
 in p. aedium. Liv. (But in propatulo 
 alone is simply in public.) 5. cOliors. 
 cors, chors. rtis,/ .- for cattle or poultry : 
 Varr. : v. y.»bd. ||. A palace: 1. 
 aula: the joyous c of thiam, a. laeia 
 Priami, Hor. : away from c, who nould 
 be virtuous, exeat aula qui volet es"* 
 plus! Lucan : Cic. (rare), not at all fit 
 for a c. hauilquaqniim aulae accommo- 
 daius. Curt. : to ha 1 e the chief in rtuence at 
 c, aula et rege potiri, Tac Also used to 
 denote the persons composing Vie court : 
 the c. was favourably inclined tmrards 
 him, prona in cum a. (Neronis). Tac. H. 
 I, ij: a candidate for cirurt favour, 
 aulae candid.itus, Instit. Aulicae. Adj. 
 aulicus. belonging to a c. : Suet. 2. 
 regia (sc. domus: hence usu. = palace : 
 q V.I: to be seen at c, in r. visum esse 
 (said of Caesar's house). Cic. : Tac 
 Phr.: to be ban ished fi om c, oongressu 
 et comltatu (principis) dejici. Tac. : to 
 strive for c.-favour. ad gratiam piin- 
 cipum grussa'rl, Instil. .Aulicae. |||. 
 
 By melon.: the ptrsons conslituling a 
 c. . 1. aula: V. su/fr. (rigia d'-es not 
 appear to be used in this way). 2. 
 aulici : which does not ordinarily Include 
 the sovereign: v. courtikb. 3. c<^ 
 mites, cOmitutus: v. betinpr. (In such 
 authors as Symm.. Ausun.. etc. = aula, 
 aulici.) IV. oi>sequioi'S attendance, 
 as at court : chiefly in phr. to pay c. : 
 fnullo] oflBcio colere, Tac ; anibio ; 
 favorem alicujns auctlpor, etc. v. to 
 COURT; also salute. : prop, to pav <l visit 
 l6?
 
 COURT 
 
 COVER 
 
 0/ compliment or respect: Suei. : Tac. ciWlU ; freq. in J^-'fJl''J>f.^^. 
 "•' .. *; , I ?..-■„ -• — 1_,.„-.- bim to empeTOT&,etic.,snx>imvg the temper 
 
 V A place where justice is adminis- 
 tered ': 1. basilica ; Cic. : Vitr. : Suet : 
 V. Diet. Ant. s. V. 2. judicium (rare 
 in ibis sense): of Quint 4, I. 25 : to 
 came into c, in j. venire, Nep Ep. 8, 2: 
 the word denotes, liowever, more prop. 
 the body of judges: v. infr. 3. 
 
 fSrum : i. e. tAe piJU>lic place of legal and 
 other business : " the forum :" q. v. 4. 
 subsellia, orum {the benches): to run 
 aiiay from the c. a subselliis discedere, 
 Cic. : to bring a man back to the c, ali- 
 quem ad s. rediicere, id.: the c.s of law 
 require a more powerful voice, grandi- 
 erem vocem s. desiderant, id. 5. con- 
 elliabulum (in provincial or counti-y 
 toiims): Llv. VL The persovs or 
 judgea assembled in court : 1. judices 
 (the body of judges or jurors) : v. jniWE. 
 2. iiidiciiim tobrtbe (/lec.J.corrum- 
 pere. Cic. Clu. 22. '-xtr. (thoupli litre th.- 
 word may strictly ilpnnte the legal pro- 
 cedure) : to twround a c. with armed 
 men,}, claudere militibus armatis, ynint. : 
 to summon before ac. vocare aliqueni in 
 j., Cic: to bring a matter into ccausam 
 in judicium deducere, id. : to set befare 
 the c, siatere aliquera in judicium, Ulp. 
 Dig. P h r. : to hold a c, lorum agere, 
 Cic. : to call into c, in jus vocaie. Cic. : 
 to plead before the c, pro tribunal i 
 agere, Cic. : court-day, dies fastus : usu. 
 pi.: c.-dai/s, fasti, orum, Cic: Li v. 
 
 court (as adj.): 1. aullcus: c. 
 wrestlers, luctatores a.. Suet. 2. ^^• 
 gius: i. e. of the Icing, royal : q. v. 
 
 court ("•) •• 1. c<5'o- "'• culium, } 
 (usu. of respectful and sincere attentiott 
 or marks of respect) : Cic. : v. w. culti 
 vate; respect. 2. ambio, 4 (prop, 
 to go round, as in canvassing) : to c. the 
 favour (of a deity) with anxious prayer, 
 numen solliciia piece amb., Hor. : toe. a 
 favour, ambire ut, etc., Suet. : Tac. : v. 
 TO CAJTNASs. 3. blandior, 4 (of flat- 
 tery &ni coaxing- foil, byda*.): v. to 
 FLATTER. 4. peto, Ivi and ii, itum, ; 
 (esp. of a suitor) : v. to woo. 5. ob- 
 serve, I (similar to colo, but denoting 
 the inward feelmg rather than the out- 
 ward act) : V. TO RESPECT. P h r. : to 
 c. applause or popular itii, captare plau- 
 Bum, Cic. ; c. favorem, Quint. ; sludium 
 populi et favorem aiicupari. Flor. : so, 
 gratiam allcujus aucupari, Cic: studia 
 militum affectare, lac. 
 
 court-day : dies fastus, opp. to dies 
 nefastus (on u'hich business could not be 
 done in the courts) ; Ov. 
 
 court-dress : 'apparatus auUcus (J) : 
 Suet. L)om. 4. 
 
 court-house : basilica : Cic. : v. Diet. 
 Ant 8. v. 
 
 court-martial : perh. judicium cas- 
 trense (though in Tac. Agr. 9, jurisdictio 
 castrensis is evidently the sumnuiry 
 proceeding of the commander) : P h r. : 
 he u-as tried by a c, 'apiid judices cas- 
 trenses factum est de eo judicium ; ex 
 consilii s. praetorii sentenlia res est judi- 
 cata (cf. Nep. Phoc. J.Jin.). 
 
 court-minion: '""mo aulicus gra- 
 tlosus (cf. Suet. 0th. 2 : " liberta aulica 
 gratiosa ") ; apud principem acceptus : 
 V. FAVOCBrrE. (N.B. Not parasitus or 
 Batelles : v. Lat. Diet. s. vv.) 
 
 courteous : 1. comis, e (^obliging : 
 esp. to inferiors) : c. to anybody, c. erga 
 aliquem," Cic ; in al., Suet. : compar. 
 comior, Cic. ; sup. cumissrmus. Apul. 
 (But the latter may he better expr. by 
 maxime comis ; summa, mira comitate: 
 v. COURTESY.) Very c, percomis, Cic. 
 2. hiimanus (mure extensive tlian 
 comis ; and including all thai consider- 
 ateness, courtesy. aaA good feeling which 
 belong to a true -gentleman ") : J o I n : 
 comis atque humanus, facillimus atque 
 humanissimus, Cic. 3. <acilis, e {ac- 
 cessible ; easily persuaded to do a kind- 
 ness) : Join; f. benevolusque, Ter. : 
 V. KIND, AFFABLE. Very much so, per- 
 fadlis : Cic. 4, benignus : i. e. gene- 
 rous, kind : q. v. 5. affabilis, e • v. 
 
 AFFABLE. See also POLITE, OBLIGING. 
 
 (N.B. Not urbanus, which is simply 
 
 of modest citiiens.) 
 
 courteously : comiUr, cum [magna, 
 summa] comitate; humane. humanit«r 
 (both Cic); biSnigne; affablliter: for 
 fiyn.see(Ki7. Join: comiter et jucundc, 
 Cic : suavissime et humanissime Qscrip- 
 tae literae], id. 
 
 COurteousiWSS : 1. comltas: c. 
 not unattended "ith sternness, c. non 
 sine severitate, Nep. : c.and affability, 
 c aff.ibllitasque sermonis. Cic. 2. 
 
 hunianitas (more comprehensive than 
 the Kng. : see adj. for syn.) : Cic : Nep. : 
 v. REFINEMENT. 3. tacllitas: i. e. 
 k-indness, accessibility: q. v. 4. b6- 
 nignitas (usii. from a superior) : Cic. 
 Ter. 5. Kxpr. with mores : as, mores 
 suavissim'i, joined with singularis hu- 
 manitas, Cic: simly., m. comes, be- 
 nigni, etc. : v. adj. N.B. For " i<-ith c," 
 as equiv. to an adv., v. couBTEorsLV. 
 
 courtesan: meretrix, icis: v. peo6- 
 
 TITUTE. 
 
 courtesy : I. '• 1- courteousness : 
 q. v. P h r. : acts of c, off icia, orum, 
 Cic: by c. (as opp. to rightful title), 
 (?) gratia non jure ; per hoiiorem • v. 
 KINHNESS, FAVotTR. ||. A gesture of 
 respect made by girls : (?) g- nuum flexio : 
 but usu. salutatio (puellae) will be sufiB- 
 ciently accurate: v. salutation. To 
 make a c, *genibus flexis salutare (genua 
 submittere is to fall upon the knees : v. 
 
 KNEEL). 
 
 courtier: I. One u-ho has a posi- 
 tion at c. : 1. aulicus (esp. iti pi.) : 
 Nep. : Tac (in sing, the word is used as 
 adject.). 2. amicus (principis) : Suet, 
 uses cohors amicorum to denote the 
 train of c.s, Cal. 19; Ner. 5. etc. 3. 
 purpuraius (lit. v earing purple: hence 
 a high officer at court) : Cic: I,iv. |J. 
 One uho is given to flattery of princes: 
 *(homo) aulae accommodatus, aulica 
 vafritia imbutus ; assentator : v. to 
 
 court ; FLATTERER. 
 
 courting (,subs.) : amMtio (esp. of 
 courting the favour of the public) ; Cic. : 
 Nep. (Not used of love-courtship.) 
 Phr. : to go a c, amare, in matrimo- 
 nium petere : v. to woo. 
 
 courtly: I. Appertaining to a 
 
 court: aulicus: Suet. ||. Fitted for 
 
 a court : aulae accommodatus ; aulae 
 arlibus s. moribus imbutus, etc. : v. 
 
 COURT. 
 
 courtship: ^mor (not sollicitatio; 
 which is an attempt to seduce) : Phr.: 
 after a c. of two years, he married her, 
 *eam post duos annos quam atiiare in- 
 ceperat, matrimonio daxit ; quuni duos 
 annos Inter se caste amassent, matri- 
 monio sunt coiyunctl. 
 
 cousin: 1. cousobrlnus,/. conso- 
 brina (prop, on the mother's siile : also 
 used for cousin in general): t'ic: we 
 also lind masc, frater consobiinus, and 
 yem., snror consdbrina Just. Inst. 2. 
 palriielis. is {by the father's side only) : 
 more fully frater and soror patruelis 
 Cic. : Just. Inst. 3. amiti.ius, amit- 
 ina : {son or daughter of patenml aunt, 
 amita) : Gal.: Just. Inst. Less freq. 
 are sobrlnus, sobrina, applied to the 
 children of tno sisters, l)onat. : and 
 miitruelis, collateral to patruelis; by the 
 mother's side: Marc. Dig. (N.B. Ger- 
 miinus, /em. germana, signifies a half- 
 brother or sister.) 
 cove {a small bay) : suius, ua v. 
 
 BAY. 
 
 covenant {subs.) .- pactum, pactio, 
 cotiventio, etc. : v. agreement, com- 
 pact. 
 
 covenant (i') •• paciscor, sttpaior 
 (the latter denutlng a formal engage- 
 ment or undertaking in any kind of 
 contract) : v. to bari;ain, agree. 
 
 cover (''•) •■ I. To overspread; lit. 
 and fig.: often with the additional 
 sense of hiding : 1. tego, xi, ctum. 
 } (the mo-t gen. term) : to c. a corpse 
 n-ith a mantle, corpus pallio t.. Nop. . 
 huts c.'d ti-ith straw, casae stramentis 
 tectae, Caes. : Cic. Often = to conceal 
 
 polite as opp. to rude, countrified: nor 1 (iuvolucris t.. Cic Q. Fr. i, i, ;) : q. v. 
 166 
 
 COVER 
 
 Hence comps. (a), contego, to cover «?>. 
 cover over : Caes. : Liv. : (6). obtggo, to 
 cover over : Cic. : Col. : (c). Intego 
 (about = simple verb) : Caes. : {d). pro- 
 t6go, to c. in front: Caes.: esp. in fig. 
 sense : v. to protect, shelter. 2. 
 6pgrio, ni, rtum, 4 (prop, to c. at the 
 top, as a \ essel urith a lid) : he cs the 
 tops of the jars uith goU and silver, 
 summas amphoras auro et argenio o., 
 Nep. : toe. apatienl uith clothes, aegrum 
 miilta veste o. (stronger than tegere or 
 its comps.), Cels. Hence (a). co5p6rlo, 
 to c. vp completely (most freq. in p. 
 part.) ; Cic. : Liv. : e.sp. fig. : c 'd wUh 
 infamii, coopertus sceleribus, Cic. SalL: 
 (6.) atlSpfirio (not to be dist inguished from 
 simple verb ; chiefly used in p. part.) : 
 Llv.: Ov. 3. siemo, with comps. in- 
 stemo, constemo : v. to strew, spread. 
 4, obduco, xi, ctum, i (lit. to draw 
 over as a veil: hence sometimes with 
 dat. of things c'd, and ace. of that 
 drau-n over it : but in present sense 
 more freq. with ace. and abl.) : trees are 
 c'd leith bark, obducuntur libro trunci, 
 Cic. : who also has operimento obduci, 
 t" lie c.'d with a covering: Leg. 2, 22, 
 56 Virg.: Plin. 5. obtendo, di, sum, 
 and tuin, j (to stretch or spread over- 
 same constr. as preceding ; but must 
 freq. wiih dat. and ace): the eyes are 
 c.'d u-ith a transparent membrane, oculia 
 membrana translucida obtenditur, PliiL 
 Fig. ; characters are c.'d {concealed) at 
 il were uith a veil, quasi velis quibus- 
 dam obtenditur uniiis' ujusque natura, 
 Cic. 6. amicio, icui, ictum, 4; v. to 
 
 mantle, CLOTHE. 7. ^'Cl". ' : '^- HIDE, 
 
 veil. Phr.: to c. the heal, caput ob- 
 nubere, Cic. : Llv. (furmula of old law): 
 moss-c.'d rocks. mu>co circuniliia >a.\a, 
 Hor. : God cs {the futute) u ith gloomy 
 night, caliginosa node premit deus, id.: 
 to c. (ova-cast) heaven with gloomy 
 cloiuls. atra nul)e polum occupare (but 
 ofp' akual covering, oMucere : v. supr.): 
 Hor. : everything (uas) c.'d u ith snow, 
 omnia nive oppleta (sunt), Liv. : c.'d 
 irith mud, obliius coeno, Cic: placet 
 c.'d with undemooii, loca virgultis ob- 
 sita, Liv. (v. ovkr(;ro« n) . c.'d u-ith 
 ii'oitntls.multisvulneribusconfossus.coli- 
 cibus or (If moHal mies) coiifectus: v. 
 WOUND to be c.'d k ith infamy, infamia 
 flagrare, dedecore cumulatum esse, Cic. : 
 tiagrare rumore niulo ( less strung ;. Hur. : 
 c'd uith honours, cumulatus lioiioribus, 
 Tac. : (to retwn home) c'd with glory, 
 cutn maxima gloria, Liv. : see also 
 COVERED. II, To shelter, protect: 1, 
 obtggo, protggo, tego: v. TO protect. 
 2. cingo. nxi, nctum, t {tosunonnd: 
 q. V.) : to c. one's rear with a strong body 
 if troops, ultimum agnien valida manu 
 c. Curt : his flank luas c.'d by cavalry, 
 equitatus latera cingebat, Caes. 3. 
 claudo, si, sum, } . the soldiers of the 
 fifth legion c.'d the right (of the march), 
 dextrum quintani clausere, Tac : to c 
 the twuigage on the flanks, a lateribus 
 impedimenta c, Veg. : also u-ed in the 
 sense of to cut off retieat, shut in: 
 hence more fully, agmen cl. et novis- 
 simis praesidio esse, Caes. Phr.: lie 
 c.s his Hank with a ban-ivade, latera 
 concaedibus munit, Tac : the rear was 
 c'd by the tnentieth legion, vicesima 
 legio ierga firmavit, id. : the army ought 
 to be c'd on all sid£S, undique debent 
 praeparata esse subsidia, Veg. j, 6 (see 
 the passage). |||. To occupy (space): 
 1, obtineo. ui, ntum, 2 : to c. nine 
 wres, novem jusera ob., Lucr. : toe. the 
 fields xuith broad shade (of a tree), agros 
 longis ob. umbris, i'lin : Curt. 2, 
 occfipo, I (usu. stronger than the Eng. ; 
 to take possession of) : to c. with hewn 
 stone, caementis oc, Hor.: v. supr. (I.) 
 phr. Phr.: to c. a great deal of 
 ground in fighting (in proportion to 
 numbers), faros magnisque Intervallis 
 proellari, Caes.; Liv. |y. To bear 
 the expense of: Phr.: toe. the ex- 
 pense of anything, dare pecunlam in 
 sumptum, Ter. : to c. their oun expenses 
 (bii their service), sumptum (saum) ox- 
 sarcire, Ter. Heaut I, i, 91 Cai. excio-
 
 COVER 
 
 COWER 
 
 CRACK 
 
 ere) damnum resarcire (when damage. 
 has been tustained). Suet. : Col. : this 
 turn of viouny vill not c. the expense of 
 the building, *iiiinur est baec pecunia 
 quara pro aedificii sumptu s. impensis. 
 V. Of breedint; • 1. ineo, 4, iir. : 
 Varr. Plin. V sui>ervCnio, 4 ; Varr. : 
 Plin. 3. 6n«ro, i Pall. 
 
 cover (subs.) : I. A lid of any 
 
 kind : Operculum, optTimi'iitum . v. 
 IJi>. COVERING. II. SMlff, protec- 
 tion; esp. in milit operations prai'- 
 sldium v rROTKCTioN; and comp. ivih 
 (ll.). P b r. : under t . of the n all, niuro 
 tectus (miles). Oaes. : undrr c. of the 
 artiUery, lomienlis munitus, firm.ilus : 
 V. TO COVER (11.) : under <:. of the niyltt, 
 per noctem (not so strong as the Kng. 
 V. BY, di;rini.), cf. Virg. "per aniiia 
 silentia lunae," A. 2,255; *noiti' adju- 
 vante, consilio favente. |||. Forgamt: 
 •lota virgultls obsita et feris acconi- 
 modala. 
 
 covered (part, and adj.): besides 
 the p. p. dpertus, oCoptTtus, obsitus, 
 ciimulaius, tectus, Ac., for which v. to 
 COVER densus, condensus (thicldy c): 
 of things which are thick together : a 
 valley thickly c. >cith trees, vallis arbori- 
 bus cond«'nsa, Uv. : simly with creber : 
 V. THICK, KfLL. Milit. t. <. : a c. uuy, 
 perh. porticus (a galUry for protecting 
 besiegers), Caes. B. C. 2, z : or cunicftlus : 
 
 V. MINE 
 
 covering (subs.) ■. \. tegmen, inls, 
 n. ; also tegumen and tegmentum (the 
 most gen. term ; whether for conceal- 
 ment or she ter) .- Scythian c. (very 
 scanty), Scytliicum tegmen, Cic Liv. 
 (this form is esp. frequent in poetry) 
 cjjor the bodii either noven or seicn, te- 
 gumenta corporum vel texta vel suta, 
 Cic. to drar off the c.s of shields, scutis 
 tegumentadetrahere, Caes. : a c.for the 
 breast, teeumen pectori, Liv. (but MS.S. 
 vary as to the form). 2. Integumi-n 
 tnm ■ esp. fig. the c. of dissimulation . 
 in. dissimulalionis, Cic. : v. mask. 3. 
 Cperimentum (a c. put on the top) .- the 
 c. of motlter (earth), op. mains, Cic. • a 
 double c. (of nuts), duplex op., Plin. 
 4. inv6lucrum (a ti rapper: q. v) 
 fig., integumenta atque involucra in- 
 genii, Cic. 5. velamen, velamentum. 
 of the nature of a veil . to huie some- 
 thing : esp. ot clothing : q. v. Plir. . a 
 e. of clouds, nubium obtentus, I'lin. : for 
 beds, etc., stragulum v. <x)verlet. 
 
 coverlet : 1. stragulum cubi- 
 
 culare, Plin. ; also stragula vestis, Cic. . 
 Liv. (a term applicable lo drapi-ry which 
 is spread over any couch or furniture). 
 2. pallium (also a mantle) : Ov. : 
 Suet. 3. peristroma, atis, n. (dot. 
 and abl. pi. peristromatis) . Cic. 4. 
 opertorium (?) : Sen. Kp 87. 
 
 covert (<»<?■) ■• 1. 'jbliquus (indi- 
 rect) : to attack any one in c. speeches, 
 ob. oratlonibus aliquem petere. Suet. 
 c. censure, ob. insectatio, Tac. 2. 
 
 tectus ■ c. tore, tectus amor, Ov. 3, 
 
 OCCUltUS: V. SECRET. 
 
 covert (subs.) : I. Shelter, de- 
 
 fence : perfiiginra, rgceptaculum : v. 
 
 RETREAT, REFL'OE. SHELTER. ||, A 
 
 thicket : diiilietum ; locus virgultis 
 
 obsitus : v. COPPICE, THICKET. 
 
 covertly : 1. oblique (i. e. in- 
 directly) to reprove any one c, aliquem 
 ob. (^or obliqua oratione) castigare, Tac. 
 2. tecle; occulte : v. secretly. 
 
 covet: 1. concuplsco, pivl, pitum, 
 } to c. pictures, statues, etc. : tabulas, 
 signa c, Cic . strengthened with intem- 
 peranter, Nep. ; but used also in good 
 sense, as to c. a man's glorious death, 
 mortem allcujus gloriosam c.Cic. 2. 
 cilpio, gestio, desidSro : v. to df^ire, 
 LONG FOR. (.V.B. — None of the above 
 have necessarily a bad sense.) 3. 
 In absolute sense. = to indMVjye o coret- 
 ous desire: •pravas cupiditates alere 
 (Scbleusner), *fnalam coiicupiscentiam 
 habere (Schiittgen). 
 
 covetable: v. desirable. 
 
 covetous : eagei- to obtain (rare, ex- 
 cept in bad sense -. for good sense see 
 DESIROUS. EAGER): 1. ftvarus (very 
 
 rare in good sease): a c. and thierish 
 man, a. et turax homo, Cic. : the c. man 
 is always needy, semper a. eget, Hor. • 
 also In good sense : c. of glory, gluriae 
 a., Hor. Kig. of things wiihout lile • 
 the c. sea, mare a., Hor. 2. -Ivldus 
 (in good or bad sense . v. eager) : the c. 
 d/Juble their ueallh, divitias conduplic- 
 ant avidi, Lucr. : the c. luinds of the 
 heir, a. inanus hercdis, Hor. 3. ap- 
 pflens (in goo<i or bad s<■n^r■). signs of 
 a gral'J'ul mind, not c. or greedn. grati 
 anuni, noil ap, non avidi signa, Cic. : a 
 man not gieeily nor c, homo non ciip- 
 idus neqiK! appetens, Cic. 4. eup- 
 idus (rare In lliis sense) : more pre- 
 cisely nullius rei c, Nep.: opp. to 
 moderatiis, Cic. P b r. : to be very c, 
 *cupiilitate hal)endi ardere; dlvltlas In- 
 leinperaiiler cupere, coiicuplscere : v. 
 
 COVET. 
 
 covetously : avSie, avldg, appJt- 
 enter, Cic (Or expr. by wlj. : as the 
 more they have, the more th-y c. desin:, 
 *quo plura habent, eo plura cuplunt 
 avidi • see adj. : or with subs., as cuj>- 
 idilate Induclus, etc.) 
 
 COvetOUSneSS : 1. avarltla de- 
 fined by Cic. as opinatio vehemens le 
 pecunia quasi valdo pi-Unda sit, Tusc. 
 4, II, 26 to be characteriied by greedy 
 and overreaching c, a. Iiiaiili atque iui- 
 minenti esse. Id. 2. cupidltas (more 
 extensive than the Kng.: any inordinate 
 desire): v. PASSION, UFjilR . 3. a\id- 
 ilas : usu. with something in the con- 
 text to di-fine it: inflamed by c, cnpidl- 
 ute Inflanimatus, Cic. Off. 2, 11, }8 
 (q. v). PI. 4. amor bal>endi [scfler- 
 atus], Hor. (Simly, expr. by pecuniae 
 cupido, Sail ; opuniffiiriosajcupldo, Ov.) 
 
 covey: grfx. gregis, m.: e. g. pa- 
 voiium, I'haedr. : v. FLOCK. 
 
 cow {«"''S) ■■ 1. vacca: as opp. to 
 taurus : Virg. : Varr. Adj. vaccinus 
 as c's milk, lac vaccinura, Plin.: c.'s 
 flesh, caro v., id. Dimiii. vacciila, a 
 small c. Cat. 2. bos, Wvis (which is 
 c. g. : hence femina requires to be added 
 where the gender ol another word does 
 not determine the sex) : one of the c.s. 
 una bourn, Virg. ; v. heifer. Adj. 
 babiilus as, lac bubiiluni, Plin.; cascus 
 b.. Suet 3. taura (a barren c): 
 Varr. : Col. 4. borda or forda (a c. 
 ivith calf) : Varr. 
 
 COW ("■)•■ perh. stiipSracio, stuporem 
 
 incutlo: v. to STCPIPY, TERRIFY. 
 
 cow-bane: acuta: v. hemlock. 
 cow-dung: fimus vaccinus, stercus 
 vaccinum s. vaccarum : v, duno. 
 cow-herd : annentarius, bubulcus : 
 
 V. HEKUSMAN. 
 
 cow-hide : cSrium vaccinum, bii- 
 bCilum . V. HIDE. 
 
 COW's-hom : vaccinum or vaccae 
 (bovis) cornu : v. horn. 
 
 cow-house: bubile. is, J!.: Varr. 
 
 cow-parsley : chaerOphyllum (?) : 
 Col. 
 
 COW-parsnep : *heracleum arvense, 
 Linn. 
 
 coward (suhs.) : l. igniivus (adj. 
 hence in sing, requiring some word to 
 refer to) a soldier vho is a c, miles 
 ignavus et timidus, Cic. . v. cowardly 
 (where the syn. are distinguished). 
 2. Omldus : V. timid. 3. fugax 
 (also an adj.) . v. runaway. 
 
 cowardice : 1. Ignavla (want of 
 spirit atid energy : opp. fortitudo, CicA 
 Join: timiditas et ignavia, Cic. 2 
 timiditas • v. timidity. 
 
 cowardly (adj.) : 1. ignftvus 
 (vavting in spirit and energy) : Join: 
 ignavus [miles] ac timidus, ignavus et 
 Imbellls, l.iv. ; ignavissimus et fugacls- 
 simus [hostlsj, id. 2. timidus: v. 
 TIMID. 3. inilvllis, e (tvapt for 
 
 war): v. uxwarlikk, and «"t>r ''Also 
 trepidus, paviclu^ may s^imetimes be 
 used, hilt tliey denote a temporary, not 
 an habitual character, v. fearful.) 
 Adv.: 171 a c. manner, Ignave, tlmld£, 
 Cic. 
 
 cower (>'.) : i ''• to crouch in fexir, 
 •genibus summissis metum indlcare, se 
 ad pedes allcujus pavidum projicer^ 
 
 cowl: cucullus, Juv.: Mart : vritha 
 coirt on. ciicuUatus E^. in ti L. of th* 
 monk's coul : as in P r o v., • :ucullas 
 3on facit monachum." 
 
 coxcomb: I. L'l : crista galU: 
 v. coMii. II. Kig.: a oonceitrd Jop: 
 adolescens niiidus atfjne flegans ; nl- 
 mium sui amator ; sufSatu^ (PL) - t. 
 FOP. cxjnceited. 
 
 coxcombry : mundliia odloea, pu- 
 
 tlda. ct. (:\c. Off. I. it, MO. 
 
 coy : 1. 'Upi''' Ci/ Pho'oe. L 
 Pholog, Hor. (Simly, fugiens, Hji. OJ. 
 i, 18, 1.) 2. vjrecun.lua . v. BAsiin I. 
 
 coyly : verecunde, timide . v. ba.sii- 
 fl'lly, MODESTLY. (Hor. hjs vitas biu- 
 nuleo nif similis, Od i. 2}, i.) 
 
 coyness: vfrecundla: V. BASHFl'L- 
 NESS. 
 
 cozen : fallo, liidlf Icor, etr- v. to 
 cheat. 
 
 cozenage: dOlus, fallacia (Join: 
 fucus ft lallatia, Cic), otluciae (PI.), v. 
 cheatim.. trickery. 
 
 cozener : ludil Icator, fraudator, etc : 
 
 y. CHEAT. 
 
 COZily : (?) satts coramod6 in arto : v, 
 
 COMFORTABLY. 
 
 cozy : (•') In artum (breve, Hor.) 
 coactus quidem aed satis comniudus v. 
 
 COMFORTABLE. 
 
 crab: I. rAe sheii-fsh : L 
 cancer, cri (also -cris, Plin.), m. : the 
 different species of cs are enumerated, 
 Plin. 9, }o, 51- the word is used also 
 for the sign Cancer (Cancri sidus, Virg.) : 
 Col.: Plin. 2. pigiirus (ndyov/yos) 
 in Plin. a species of crab: v. I. c : Pall. 
 I'he form pagur also occurs, Ov. ||. 
 A icild appUi : malum sllves'.re (cf. 
 Virg. G. 2, 51). III. A kind of crane : 
 (?) tolleno, cicOnia ; v. crane. 
 
 crabbed: \. sour, austere . 1. 
 Imporlunus, mbrosns, dlfficilis: t. ill- 
 TEMPEKED. 2. icerbus : i. e. sour i 
 lit. and tig. (q. v.). 3. imams v. 
 
 PEEVI.SH sec alsci HARSH. GLOOMY. ||, 
 mtjicult, perpltxing Phr. : a c. discus- 
 sion, ini|)edlta diseepiaiio, Liv : a c. 
 kind of discussion. spliio>iini disserendi 
 genus, Cic. : v. thorny, intricate. 
 crabbedly : morose, amare ; ▼. 
 
 PEEVISHLY. 
 
 Crabbedness: morosltas. acerbltas, 
 importunitas : v. ill-temper, peevish- 
 ness. 
 
 crack (e): A. Trans • |. 
 To break partially: 1. findo, fldl. 
 tissum, } • the doy-ttar cs the gaping 
 soil, hiulca f. Canis arva, Virg. (for 
 which Catull. has biul.at) ; to c. statues, 
 statuas f., Hor. : v. to split. (Diffindo 
 is actually to split in tno.) 2. frango, 
 perfringo (as of craclcing nuts, etc. cf. 
 Virg. G. 2, 12): v. to break, burst. 
 Phr.: to c. a man's skull, cupul allcul 
 infringere, elidere: v. dash, break 
 
 II. Fig.: in various usf s • to c. a 
 whip, flagello insonare, verbera insonare, 
 Virg. : to c. one's fingers, articulos in- 
 fringere. Quint.: to c. jokes, Jocularia 
 fundere. risum movere: v. joke to c. 
 of nothing but furrows and vineyards. 
 sulcos et vineta crepare mera, Hor. 
 
 B. In trans. : |, I'o opm in 
 chinks: 1. fatisco. J: the camel's 
 hoof's c, camelo ungues f., Plin : lest t)ie 
 t/ireshing floor may c. (open m chinks), 
 area ne f., Virg. 2. dissillo, ui. a (to 
 c. asunder) : rocks c. asunder n ith gliu- 
 ing heat, d. ferventi saxa vapore, Lucr. 
 flint cs with fire, d. silex Ignl. Plin 
 
 3. displodor, plosus, } (to c in livo 
 with a loud noise: esp. in v. part.): 
 dirumpor : v. to burst. 4. df hl.sco, t ; 
 V. TO GAPE OPEN. 5. nmas .igerc. duc- 
 ere : v. foil. art. ||, 7b maJ.e a sharp 
 sound: crfpo, 1 : i. e. to crackle, rattle: 
 q. V. iPerh. aridum sonum, fragorem 
 edere: cf. Virg. G. i, J57 aridus fragor. 
 " qualis sonus asper et aculus ngnonim 
 arldorum quum frangtmtur," Korbiger, 
 ad I.). 
 
 crack (»"b«) •• I. a chink: L 
 
 rima : to open in cs, rimas agere, Ov. : 
 etc. : V. chink. Full ofcs, rimOsiis: a 
 building full of CJ, r. acdihcium. CoL: 
 Virg. Vimin. : a little c, rimula, Ceto. 
 167
 
 CRACK-BRAIN EI) 
 
 CR AT E K 
 
 CREAM 
 
 2, fissura: cracks in the lips. la- 
 bronun tissurae, Plin. ||. A sound: 
 crepitus, rragor : v. noise. 
 
 crack- hrained {cuij.) • cemtus. de- 
 llrus, vecoK : v. mad, foolish. 
 
 crack-hfinp, or -rope (."■ knave fit 
 
 far the gal.nws) : funifer, crux, piiti- 
 
 buium : V. G <LU)WS-BIBD. 
 
 crackle (< )•• 1. creplto, i (/re- 
 quent. of 2)- the c.ing Jlam€,tiSLmm& cre- 
 pitans, Lucr.. to c. in the JUimes, c. 
 flammis, Tib. 2, crSpo, ui, i : the 
 savin c.s on the hearth, herba sabina ad 
 focos c. Prop. I' h r. : O dry c.-ing 
 noise, aridas fragor. Virg. the c. grain 
 of (salt), saliens mica, Hor. Od. j. U.fin. 
 
 crackling (suhs.) .- |. A noise: 
 crepitus, us (any shrill noise : e. g. c. 
 digitorum. Mart.) .- v. rattle. \\. 
 The a-isp shin of roast pork : (?) "crusta 
 or crustula porriua ; porcinae crustu- 
 latum. V CRUST. 
 
 cracknel : (?) spira (a twisted roll) : 
 Cato. 
 
 cradle (.subs.): Lit.: 1. cunae, 
 arum to squall in a c, in cunis vagire, 
 Cic. : to rock a c, c. movere, cf. Mart. 
 II, J9, I. Fig.: from one's c, [aj 
 primis c, Ov. 2. incunabula, orum 
 (esp. in fig. sense) ; imbued from tlie c. 
 vrith hatred of the tribunes, ab incuna- 
 bulis imbutus odio tribunoruni, Liv. : 
 Crete the c. of Jove, in. Jovis Crete, Ov.: 
 Virg. Cic. 3. In fig. sense some- 
 times expr. by imp. part, as vagiens, 
 nascens. an infant in the c, vagiens 
 puer, Cic. Fin. 2, to, ?i : tJu;y wae sur- 
 rounded by poverty and distress from 
 their very c, paupertas et angustia re- 
 rum nascenies eos circumsteterunt. 
 Dial. Or. 8. 
 
 cradle ("•)■• in fig- sense, to bring 
 up: esp. in p. part., as, c.d in luxury, 
 *onmi luxuria a primis annis assue- 
 factus, imbutus; queni nascentem om- 
 nis clrcumstetit abundantia rerum atque 
 hixiu'ia. 
 
 craft: I. Handicraft: 1, ars, 
 artis,/. : V. business. 2. artifkium: 
 C.S and trades, artificia et quaestus, 
 Cic; V. HANDICRAFT. ||, Cunning: 
 dolus (the most general term), astus 
 (chiefly in aU. astu = sftarpntis, cute- 
 ness), astiitia: v. ccnkikg. Ijl, A 
 small vessel : ratis, scaplja, navicula : v. 
 
 BOAT, SHIP. 
 
 craftily : calllde, argute, astute v. 
 cunning LT, 
 
 craftiness : calUditas, dolus, va- 
 fritia- v. cunning (subs.). 
 
 crafty : astutus, calUdus, d61osus : 
 
 V. CUNNING, SLY. 
 
 crag : cos, cotis, /. : scSpulus : V. 
 
 sagino, i •■ when Antony was every day 
 being c.'d with recherche dinnets, cum 
 exquisitis quotidie Antonius saginaretur 
 epulis, Plin. : to c. a hmse uith barley 
 and vetches, equum hordeo ervoque s., 
 Ccl. : V. TO FATTEN. B. Intrans. : 
 helluor (heluor), i : v. to gormandize. 
 y i g. : to c. {for an examination), 
 *menti farraginem rerum cujuscunque 
 generis inculeare ; cuncta confertim 
 metiti inculeare : v. supr. (I. *}. 
 
 cramp {subs.): |. .'^iW^m; spas- 
 mus, Cels. ; nervorum rigor, Cels. ; 
 tetanus, Ois. ||. Cramp-iron: fi- 
 bula, uncus : V. CLAMP. 
 
 cramp (o-)- !• ^^ P"'" <"■ "•^'^5* 
 
 with cramp} spasnio, etc. (v. preced. 
 art.) vexare, afBcere ; *nervos corrug- 
 are, contrahere. More freq. In sense, 
 II. To confine, restrain : c6arto, 
 compri'mo, cogo (with or without in 
 artum, in angustum), etc. : v. TO con- 
 fine. Phr. : to be c.d for room (of 
 soldiers), in angusto tendere, Liv. . of a 
 person in a house, anguste sedere, Cic. : 
 c.d circumstances (poverty), res augusta 
 diimi, Juv. See also to hamper, fet- 
 ter. III. With an iron: fibulis col- 
 ligare, Vitr. 
 
 cramped (.adj.): Phr.: o c. style, 
 *genus scribtndi restrictum, minus I'l- 
 berum (not contortum : for contorta et 
 acris oratio, Cic. Or. 20, 66, is energetic, 
 fieri/, oratory). 
 
 cramp-fish : torpedo, inis, /. : Cic. 
 Plin. (*Raia torpedo, Linn.) 
 
 crane: I. ^''« bird: grus (older 
 form gruis, Phaedr.), gruis, c. : Virg. : 
 Plin. (*ardea grus, Liim.) H. ^ 
 machine for hoisting : 1, tolleno, 
 onis, /. : esp. for use in sieges : Liv. : 
 Veg. 2. clconia ■ Isid. : Vet. Gloss, 
 ap. Veg. (= tolleno). 3. trochlea, 
 tympaiium the former prob. a sheaf of 
 pulleys; the latter the drum or uhed 
 round uhich the tackle for raising the 
 weight ran: Lucr. 4. machlna: i.e. 
 machine : q. v. 5, carchesium (in a 
 ship) : V. Diet. Ant. 789, 6. 
 
 crane's-bill: geranium: PUa 
 
 crank: I. An iron elbow: (?) 
 uncus ; ferrum uncatum : v. hook. 
 II. Any bend or turn (rare in this 
 sense) : v. bend, turning. 
 
 crannied: rimosus (full of cran- 
 nies or chinks) : Col. . Juv. 
 
 cranny : rlma, rimaia ; fissura : v.. 
 
 CRACK, fissure. 
 
 crape : *textilium genus quod crisp- 
 um (jsSiglice " crape ") vocatur, dressed 
 inc, atratus, pullatus: i. e. mourning 
 (q. V.) 
 
 BOCK, CLIFF. 
 
 craggy : 
 
 s. coUes, Sil 
 V. rocky 
 
 stades in circuit, c. ejus patet ambita 
 stadiorum viginti, Plin. (In poet. perh. 
 fornaces, lit. furnaces: Hor^.: Virg.) 
 II. A constellation : cratera, Cic. . 
 crater, Ov. 
 
 craunch. : dentibus frangere, con- 
 terere ; cum fragore conterere, obterere : 
 V. to crush. 
 
 cravat : (?) focale, is, n. : usu. pt. 
 focalia ; only worn by the delicate or 
 effeminate : v. Hor. S. 2, j, 254 : Quint. 
 
 crave ("•) •" i- «• *" beg earnestly : 
 oro, obsecro. pSto, etc. v. beg, implore, 
 entreat. 
 
 craven (subs.) • *qui animo prorsus 
 abjectoest; ignavus atque abjectus : v. 
 
 ABJECT, COWARDLY. 
 
 craving (subs.) ; desiderium : v 
 
 LONGING. 
 
 craw : ingliivies, guttur : v. CROP. 
 
 craw-fish : (?) astacus, Plin. 
 
 crawl (subs.): an artificial oyster- 
 bed : ostrearium, Plin. 
 
 crawl ("•) •• 1. '■epo. repsi, ptnm, 
 J : he observed snails c.ing about among 
 the rocks, animum advortit inter saxa 
 cochleas repentes. Sail. Frequent, repto, 
 to c. about : Plin. 2. serpo, psi, 
 ptum, J : esp. of the motion of serpents : 
 v. CREEP. (N.B.— Repo with its com- 
 pounds erepo, to c. out or up ; piorepo, 
 to c. forth; etc., is the proper word to 
 denote the slow crauiing of insects.) 
 
 crawling (adj.): reptilis, e: 0/ 
 snaik, Sidon. 
 
 crawling (siibs.): reptatio, of in- 
 fants, per manus et genua. Quint. ■ 
 reptatus, Tert. 
 
 crayfish: v. crawfish. 
 
 crayon: 1. creta (i. e. chalk: 
 which, however, is not stated by Plin. 
 to have been used in art: cf. j,, 15. ST 
 sq.). 2. rubrica, sc. terra ; red earth: 
 cf Hor. S. 2, 1, 98, "proelia rubrica 
 picta aut carbone." 
 
 craze: I. Lit: to break, crush 
 (rare in this sense) : v. crush, pulver- 
 ise. II, To turn the brain: alieno, 
 I : with mentem, Liv. 42, 28, fin. .- 
 Plin. : also absol. Sen. Q. N. 2, 5J. 
 Chiefly in pass. : to be c.d, mente alien- 
 ari, Plin. (v. supr.); minus compotem 
 sui fieri, cf. Liv. I. c. ; furiosum fieri : v. 
 mad, madden. 
 
 craziness: I. Physical: imbe- 
 cillitas. inflrmitas: v. feebleness. ||. 
 Mental : mentis alienatio, mens alienata ; 
 furor: v. derangement, madness. 
 
 crazy: I. Physically: decrepitus 
 (ot the body) : PI. : Ter. : also imbe- 
 cillus, Infirmus: v. decrepit, feeble. 
 Phr.: a c. vessel, *navls vetustate con- 
 
 1, scopulosus: c. hiUs, 
 Lucan. 2. saxosus : 
 3, asper, 6ra, grmn: c. 
 rocks, a. saxa, Cic. : v. rugged. 
 
 crake (<i bird): *rallus; v. corn- 
 crake. 
 
 cram ("•)■• A, Trans.: \. To 
 fdl to excess: 1. farcio, si, turn, or 
 sum, 4 : the whole theatre was c.'d, fartum 
 totura theatrum, Apul. : Flor. (More 
 freq. in sense IL) 2. rfifercio, si, 
 tiun, 4 : ye recollect tluit the sewers were 
 c.'dwith the tiodies of citizens, meministis 
 corporlbus tivium cloacas referciri, Cic. • 
 Plin. Fig : toe. the ears with words, 
 aures sermonibus r., Cic. 3. con- 
 fercio, 4 : v. to stuff. N.B.— Both 
 this and the preceding are most freq. in 
 p. part., relertus, abounding in: con- 
 fertus, close togetlier : crowded (q. v.). 
 4. inculco, I (_with ace. and 
 dai. . prop, to tread or stamp in) : Col. 
 Esp. fig.: as, to c. a thing doimi a per- 
 son's throat (wliether he will or no), inc. 
 aliquid alicui, Cic. 5. stipo, i : v. to 
 compress: ships c.'d close together, in 
 arto stlpatae naves, Liv. : v. to crowd, 
 crowded. \\, To fii: uith food: 1. 
 farcio, 4 : gluttonous and c.ing themselves 
 with more tho.n they can contain, edaces 
 et se ultra quam capiunt farcientes, Sen. 
 Esp. oi fattening an animal : you must 
 c. hens and geese in this way, gallinas 
 et anseres sic farcito. (^ato . Col. 2. 
 168 
 
 crapulence: crapula. to get ndo/ I fecta; navis parum firraa. ||, Men 
 c, C. exhalare, also edormire (to sleep it tally : 1, cerritus : PI. : Hor. 2. 
 off ). Cic. ; amovere, PI. : discutere (by mente alienatus, minus compos sui, 
 medicine), Plin. etc. . v. deranged. 
 
 crapulous : 1. crapiUentus, era- creak : 1. g^mo, ui, itum, j (esp. 
 pulosus (both rare). 2. temulentus poet.) ; the moved window c.'d with a 
 
 (i. e. heavy with wine) : cf. Coel. ap. 
 Qtiint. 4, 2, I2j: ipsum offendunt 
 temulento sopore profligatum, totis 
 praecordiis stertentem, etc. : Cic. 3. 
 expr. by circuml. : crapulae plenus, cra- 
 pula laborans, etc. : v. subs. 
 
 crash (subs.) : 1. fragor, oris ■ the 
 c. of the buildings ivhich vere being 
 demolished, f. tectorum quae dirue- 
 bantur, Liv. : ore the left hand it thun- 
 dered with a sudden c, subito f. in- 
 tonuit laevum, Virg. : a dry sounding 
 (harsh) c, aridus f., Virg. 2. stre- 
 pitus, us (as of horns, or harsh music) : 
 v. DIN. 3. sonus, ; sCnitus, lis (gen. 
 term) ; v sound, noise. 
 
 crash ("•) •■ 1. strepo, ui, itum, 
 }: esp. of horns, clarions, etc.: Hor.: 
 Virg. : of thunder : Sil. 2. frigorem 
 dare : Lucr. ; Ov. Phr.: if the hea- 
 vens should come c.ing down upon him, 
 si fractus illabatur orbis, Hor. 
 
 Crasis : in grammar : crasis, is,/. 
 
 crass : crassus, densus . v. dense. 
 
 crassitude: crassitado. v. thick- 
 ness. 
 
 crate : corbis, ccrbicilla ■ -v. basket. 
 crates, is,/., is rare except \npl. 
 
 crater: I. of a volcano: crater, 
 eris, m. • ■>ts c. (of Etna) is twenty 
 
 gentle sound, gemuit parvo mota fenes- 
 tra sono, Ov. : a c.ing wheel, gemens 
 rota, Virg. : of mast and yards, Hor. 
 Od. I, 14, 6. Plin. Fp. 2. strideo or 
 strido, di, 2 and j (of any harsh, grating 
 sound) : a c.ing iraggon, stridentia 
 plaustra, Virg.: v. to grate. (N.B. 
 Crepo and concrepo, freq. used of doors 
 in Per. and PI., refer to some noise 
 made by or with them preparatory to 
 opening.) 
 
 creatong (cdj.): stridulus: the c. 
 vjains, s. plaustra, Ov. (see also verb). 
 
 creakmg (subs.) : i, stridor : of 
 
 a door, Ov. (applicable to any shrill 
 noise). 2. crepitus, vis (prop, a rat- 
 tling or sharp noise) : the c. of hinges, 
 c. cardinum, PI. Cure. 1, ?, i (see the 
 place). 3. argutatio : (fig.) of a bed. 
 Cat. 4. s6uitus, us : gen. term : v. 
 
 SOtINT>. 
 
 cream : I. Of milk : 1. spama 
 (lactis) : Plin. describes InUter as spuma 
 lacte concretior, etc.; N. H. 11,41,96. 
 2, *flos lactis : after the anal, of 
 flos vini, Cato, R. R. 11. 3. "crenior 
 
 lactis (cremor is a creamy juice of any 
 kind : cf. Cato, R. R. 88 also called 
 crema, Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v.). ||. 
 Fig.: the best of any thing ; v. flowsb.
 
 CREAM 
 
 CREDIT 
 
 CR E Er 
 
 cream (»•)•• floreo, spumo; v. to 
 TBurrH. 
 
 cream-coloured : (?) giivus : Van-. : 
 
 Virg. 
 
 creamy : expr. by crSmor (v. cream) : 
 cremorts naturam habens, etc. 
 
 crease (subs.): rOga- v. wrinkle, 
 FOLD. To takeout cs, erugare, Plin. 
 
 crease ("•) •• rugo, corrugo ; duplico : 
 
 T. TO WRIKKLE, CRUMPLE, FOLD. 
 
 create . I. TW cause to exist : 1. 
 creo, I : Uie elements of tilings, from 
 ■which nature c.s all things, reruni pri- 
 mordla, unde omnes natura crcat res, 
 Lucr. : Clc. 2. geiiero, I (prop, to 
 
 engender, beget .- q. v.) : God c.d and 
 endowed man, hominem generavit et 
 ornavit Deus, Cic : men have been cre- 
 ated for the sake qf men, homines horn- 
 inum causa general! sunt, Cic. ■ Hor. 
 3, gigno, ggnui, Uum, } (i. q. 
 genero) : for neither would that be an 
 elemental principle which sluiuld be c.d 
 from without, nee enim esset id prin- 
 cipium quod gigneretur aliunde, Cic. 
 I'lato says ttud they are not c.d, but 
 alivays exist, Plato eas (i6eo!) gigni 
 negat et ait semper esse, Cic. : v.topbo- 
 DL'CE. 4. pario, } : V. to bhoet, cause. 
 6. (in pass.) : tia.scor, nalus, } : 
 strictly to arise, be bom .- cj. v. ||, 
 To conceive by the mind . 1, fomio, 
 I . to c. a new cliaracter, personam f. 
 novam, Hor. 2. tingo, n.\i, ctum, j : 
 let what yim c. be consiatcnt, sibi conve- 
 nientia tinge, Hor. A. P. 119. 3. 
 
 paria p6p6ri, partum, j cf. Cic. de Or. 
 i> 87, 556: " arsdicendi babet banc vim, 
 non ut totum aliquid, cujus in Ingeniis 
 Eostris pars nulla sit, ]>anat et pro- 
 creet,etc," 4. mentior,4(poet.) . Hor. 
 A. P. 151. 5, invgnio. cf. Cic. Inv. 
 '1 7- III. ''^ maJx or appoint (as kings, 
 etc): creo, facio v. to AProtNT (I.). 
 
 created (<«'j) •■ (.^ opposed to self- 
 existing): nailvus: a c. universe, mun- 
 dus n., Lucr.; it is the opinion ofAnaxi- 
 mander that the Gods are e. beings, 
 Anaximandri opinio est n. esse Deos, 
 Cic. : see also verb. 
 
 creation: I. -^ct of creating : 
 
 creatio (very rare): the c. of magis- 
 trates, magistratuum c, Cic. Usu. expr. 
 with verb: as, before, since, the c. of 
 man, ante, post, homines nalos, Cic. 
 II, The total of things created : 
 mundus; i. e. the world, universe: q. v. 
 III. A production of human genius : 
 •qu'jd humano ingenio tictum, excogi- 
 tatum sit v. create (U.): or simply 
 opus. i. e. work (q. v.), or by circuml., 
 as, there is tw greater c. of tlie human 
 mind than the Iliad. *nihil effecit hom- 
 Innm ingenium Uiade pulchrius. 
 
 creative : 1. creatrix : epith. of 
 
 nature in I^ucr. ■ v. creator. 2. 
 
 effectrix (in less precise sense) : Cic. : 
 V. PRODUCTIVE. Phr. . c. power (of 
 mind). *animi vis [vivida'] quae ad res 
 excogitandas atque effingendas (?pro- 
 creandas : cf. create, II.) valet ; in- 
 genii vis formatrix ; quae novas res 
 fingit atque format. 
 creator : I. With ref. to the world : 
 
 1. creator (reruni) ; Join- ille 
 creator atque opifex (framer) rerum, 
 Lacau. Fem. creatrix : v. creative. 
 
 2. procreator mundi (with ille pre- 
 fixed)- Cic. 3. genitor: Cic, who 
 has optimus et praestantissimus g., 
 Tim. 8. Join: genitor et effector, 
 id. 4. (Liess exactly) Opifex, fabri- 
 cator: v. framer. II, In general 
 sense . maker, originator : 1, auctor : 
 L. Brutus, the c. of your nobility, L. 
 Brutus, auctor nobilitatis tuae, Cic. : v. 
 attthor. 2. parens, tis- Socrates, 
 the c. of phiUiSopUy, Socrates, p. philo- 
 sophiae, Cic. : T>dly, the e. of eloquence 
 and Latin literature, Tullius, tacundiae 
 Latinamiuque literarum p.. Plin. 3. 
 effector v, maker. 
 
 creature: I. Strictly: a created 
 hmg : (N.B. Not creaiura, which has 
 10 earlier authority than Tert.) : 1. 
 inlmal, &ulmaii3 (a living c.) : the 
 latter esp. in pi. : man a divine c, 
 homo diviDum acmul. Cic : that per- 
 
 nicious c. (Clodius). funestum illud ani- 
 mal. Id.: every living c, omne genus 
 aniraantum, Lucr. : that one c. should 
 live by the death of another, alterius 
 animaiitem animantis vivere letu, Ov. 
 2. Use res. or neut. of adj. : v. 
 THiN<i. 3, Opus, 6ri.s : all ye CJ, 
 
 omnia opera (Dei), Vulg. : v. being 
 (li.). II. As term of endearment: 
 
 1, Siilma: dearest cs, carissimae 
 animae ! Cic 2. dellciae, arum v. 
 DARLINO. 3. mellitus (a sweet c): 
 Cat. 4. May sometimes be e.xpr. by 
 a dimin. : an Catullus to Lesbia's spar- 
 roir, miselle passer ! ponr little c. 1 or 
 Adrian's animula, blandula, etc |||. 
 Of contempt ; animal : v. supr. (1.). 
 Phr.. servile c.s, servientum animae, 
 Tac. : ridiculous c, ridiculum caput ! 
 Ter. : poor c.s of men, homunculi ! Cic. 
 (comp supr. H.). |V. -* 'o**'. depend- 
 ant: minister, tri: more fully, alienae 
 minister poientiae. Veil. 2, }}. Phr. • 
 Lentulus is the mere c. of I'ompey, L. 
 est totus in potestate Pompeii, Clc. ; of 
 your c. (in good sense), de te pendentis, 
 te respicientis amici, Hor. Ep. i, i, 105 
 cf. Sail. 19; "Cn. Pompeii veteres tidos- 
 que clientes." V. ^ojnething formed, 
 imagined : Phr.. empty c.s of the 
 
 fancy, vanae species (hnguntur), Hor. 
 A. P. 8 : vana simulacra, Ov. Am. i. 6, 
 9 : Lucr. : Hor. calls the fancifiU c.s of 
 the Odyssey, speciosa miracula, A. P 
 144 : pbantasma (= simulacrum) occurs 
 in late writers, as Tert. 
 
 credence ; 1 Wes, ei, /. : v. belief, 
 
 CREDIT: to give c. to any "tie, alicui f. 
 habere. Cic; also f. adjungere (rebus 
 commenticiis), id-: or simply credere, 
 id. : V. believe. 
 
 credentials: pnbllcae auctoritates 
 ac testimonia (legationis), Cic. »literae 
 ad fiilem fariendani datae (R. and A.\ 
 
 credibility : no word nearer tfaan 
 fides or auitoritas : vhat aulUority and 
 c. can the letter havef quam habere 
 auctoritatem et quam f. litierae pos- 
 sunt? Cic. : a book of well-ascertained c, 
 liber spectatae f., "GeU. Phr. to give 
 an appeararux of c. to their story, "quo 
 veris similiora redderent dicta sua: to 
 prove the c. of a history, *historiam veri 
 similem esse demonstrare, probare- a 
 book concerning the c. of Roman his- 
 tory, *liber de fide atque auctoritale 
 Romanae hisloriae scriptus: have these 
 things any c, *haeccine talia sunt ut 
 lis fides sit babeudaf 
 
 credible : 1. credlbHis, e (not of 
 persons) "credibile est, quod sine ullo 
 teste, auditcris opinione firmatur," Cic. 
 Inv. I, JO, 48: scarcely c, vix c, Hor. 
 
 2, prSbabilis, e (stronger than I : 
 commending itself to the judgment) . v. 
 PROBABLE. 3. Very often expr. by 
 fides: as, to make a thing ajryear c, 
 fidem facere alicui rei, Liv. : a fide non 
 abhorrens (not incredible : q. v.) : Liv. 
 
 4. locuples (of witnesses, authori- 
 ties) : a most c. witness or author, testis, 
 auctor locupletissimus, Cic. Phr. so 
 staled by c. authors, a bonis auctoribus 
 sic scriptum, Cic. ; c. ami neU-ivformed 
 witnesses, satis idonel testes et conscii, 
 Cic (N.B. Georges and others give 
 testis fide dignus, but without stating 
 authority.) 
 
 credit (subs.) ■• \, Belief, faith : 
 
 1. tides, ei : tihen less c. was now 
 given to legends, quum jam minor fabulis 
 haberelur f., Cic. : to give c. to evidence, 
 testimonio f. tribuere. Cic. who also 
 has, f. adjungere in same sense : / have 
 
 quem divinnm vocitis ? Cic : v. ac- 
 nioRrrY. ||. i-.'tetm, reputation : 
 
 fama, existimatio, gratia (influence, jo- 
 pularity : q. v.): v. bepcte. repita- 
 TION. Phr.- ncn- do I omsider Ihu ta 
 your c, neque ego hoc in lua laude 
 pono, Cic. . to say anything to a penun t 
 c., in laudem alicujus dicere, Gell. : to 
 give any one greater c. for eloquence, 
 etc., eloquentiae alicui majorem tribuere 
 laudem, etc., Clc. . to menlivn anybody'* 
 name to his c, quem honoris causa 
 noniino (parenthetically), Cic (but the 
 expression is more respectful than the 
 English) but it was not to your c to to 
 act, at tu indignus qui faceres (ea), Ter. 
 III. In a commercial sensi-- flde« : 
 to do avay with c. (by means of the 
 Licinlan rogation), f. abrogare. Liv. : c 
 fails, f. conciditi aliquem deficit, Cic: 
 c. was more limited throughout Italy, t 
 Iota Italia erat angustior, Caes. : c. had 
 been banished from the forum, f. de foro 
 sublata fuerat, Cic. to have c, fide stare, 
 Liv. . money borroired on his own or hu 
 friends' c, pecunia sua aut amicorum t 
 sumpta mutua. Sail. Phr. to place a 
 balance to a person's c, reliqua rescrib- 
 ere, Cic. Atu 16, 2 whatever your father 
 owes me J will order to be put down to 
 your c, quidquid mihi pater luus de- 
 buit, acceptum tibi fieri Jubelx>, I'lin. 
 Ep. 2, 4, 2 . to buy 07! c, *petunia hand 
 praesenti omere cf. PI. Men. 5, 9, 91 
 or perh. better, fide sua emere, cf. supr 
 (in diem emere is to buy wiOi an agrre- 
 ment to pay cU a certain date • Nep. 
 Att. 9, 5 coralc^, to buy on c. and sell 
 for cash, coec& die emere oculat& vend- 
 ere, Plaut). 
 
 credit (»•) •• \. To believe : ctMo; 
 fidem babeo, adjungo v to BELIE^■F. 
 II, To enter upon the e. tide of an 
 account; alicui acceptum referre, Cio. 
 
 cf. CREDIT, subs. (III. fill.). 
 
 creditable: hOiu-stus v hokour- 
 
 ABLE. Or expr. by dat. of laus, honor 
 as, this is c. to you, hoc tibi laudl est. 
 etc. . L. G. } 29"]. 
 
 creditably: (satis) honeste v. hon- 
 ourably. Phr.. you have not acted 
 c, non dignum te fecisti, Ter. : to ame 
 off c„ *satis cum laude discedere: v. 
 laudably. 
 
 creditor : creditor : to defraud one s 
 cs : c fraudare, Liv. - GaL : to satisf!/ 
 one's cs, crediloribus satisfacere. Suet. 
 A female c, credilrix, icis - Paul. Dig. 
 
 credulity ; 1. creduliias (not in 
 Cic. v. infr. 2) : c. is more an error 
 than a fault, c error est magis quam 
 culpa, Plane ap. Cic. . easy c, lacilis c, 
 Tac 2. temC'ritas - more fully, teme- 
 ritas in assenlicndo, Cic. I'iv. 1, 4, 7 
 (where a later author would certainly 
 have used credulitas). Cues, also uses 
 temeritas : " temeritas. . ut levem audi- 
 tionem habeat pro re comperta." B. G. 7, 
 42. 3. facilitas in credendo: cf. Cic 
 14. F. I, I, 7. 4. Cic. uses the folL 
 tirciiml. " [unum vitium] ne incognita 
 pro cogniiis liabeamus bisque temere 
 assentianiur," Off. i, 6, 18. 
 
 credulous: 1. credulus: mpro- 
 vident and c. old men, improvidi et c. 
 senes, Cic: love is a c. thing, c rea 
 amor est, Hor. : Ov. 2. % circumL : 
 qui temere assentitur, incognita pro 
 cogniiis habet: v. preced. art.>n. 
 
 credulously : 1. , «P'"^*>-T. "^f 
 
 (L. G. 34J); "« <=. think, *creduli pui- 
 amus. etc; do not c. Jorvi distmt --a- 
 pectations, ne credulus spem mchoavens 
 , longam cf. Hor Od. i. u, fn. 2. 
 
 c. with tilis lum, mihi f. apud hunc est I t6m6r6 (Imply mg hasU <]^'^J^^^^;^^^ 
 
 (with ace and inf.), Ter.; it lessens 
 
 both the authority of the orator and the 
 
 c. of his speech, imminuit et orataris 
 
 auctoritatem et orationis f., Cic. 2, 
 
 auctoritas (stronger than fides - esp. as 
 
 atuching to a person's influence or cha^ 
 
 racier: v. supr. last ex.) ; to Uiink that 
 
 that evidence deserves c, for which no 
 
 voucher has been found, putare auc. esse 
 
 in testimonio tujus auctor inventus sit 
 
 aemo, Clc. but what c. can be given to 
 
 that phrenzy vhwh you call divine f 
 
 aieii'ss In coming to a conclusion) . v. 
 cREDiLrrY (/in). 
 
 creek ■ *'""* parvu.< atque In terrain 
 revectus-.* cl. lac Ag. 2J ; aestuarium: 
 Caes. Tac. v. estuary 
 
 creep ■ I. ^° """* "''"' "' * 
 
 on the ground ■ 1. scrpo. si. turn, } . 
 (esp. ot se'pents): the snaLe cs m'^Jh* 
 ground, anguis s. per humum. Ov Cic. 
 2. rCp<i. psi. ptum, } (v. to crawl): 
 a dormuuse had crept into a chest of 
 orrn. nitedula repserat in cunieram fro- 
 
 quld vero auctoritatis habet furor iat« menu, 
 
 Hor. . SalL 
 
 Frequent. r«pU), l-, 
 169
 
 CREEPE R 
 
 CRIMINAL 
 
 CRlVrLET) 
 
 Plln. Hence, arrSpo, to c. towards (with 
 ad, or in later authors, dat.) ; perrSpo, 
 to c. through ; derepo to c. down , irrepo, 
 to c. into (with in and ace, or dot.), 
 prorepo, to c. forth : some of whicli, 
 with obrepo, are olten used in fig. sense, 
 to steal imperceptibly tnwards. over, 
 etc.: V. infr. (IV.). t|. tig-: of 
 plants ; to trail along : 1. serpo, i ■ 
 to c. along the ground, humi s., also in 
 terra or terram, per terrain s., Plin. : 
 Cic. 2. repo, j . with same constr. ■ 
 Plin. (less freq. replo, id.). |||. Also 
 
 fig. ; of whatever moves sluggishly : 
 repo : tve c. (^lazily) along three viiles, 
 millia tria repiraus, Hor. : of sluggish 
 water, pigro lapsu r , Col. (Not serpo 
 in this sense which, as referred to 
 stars, rivers, etc , points to their gra- 
 dual, serpent-like course, not to slow- 
 ness of motion ) | V. Also fig. • 
 to came on unpeiceiced . obrepo. inslnuo 
 (with /won. re//.): v. to steal lpon 
 or ovi.K. Phr. tu c. into any one's 
 acquaintance ("creep up a person's 
 sleeve"), se alicujus in familiaritatem 
 injinuarc, Cic. . *assentati)rie alicujus 
 gratiam, favurem captare, aucupari. 
 
 creeper : rare, except in sense of 
 creeping plant : herba quae serpii, repit 
 (the latter more applicable to small 
 plants) humi. per terram : or more 
 fully, quae jacel alque humi serpit, 
 Plin. 27, II, 74 see lerb (II.) cf. 
 herba caduca, quae natura ad terram 
 fertur, Cic. de Sen. 15, 52 • if ihe plai t 
 at the same time climbs, quae se clavi- 
 culis suis humo erigit. attoUit, etc. v. 
 Cic. I. c. or quae reptantibus flagellis 
 scandit, etc : Plin. 19. 5, 24 (who ap- 
 plies the expr. to the gourd). 
 
 creeping (*"**■)•' reptatio, reptatus 
 (r»re) . usu. better expr. with verb 
 
 Creepingly : serpendo, rependo v. 
 L. G. } 541 
 
 CSepitate (rare) crepito, i : v. 
 
 CRACliLE, BATTLE. 
 
 crepuscule (rare) : crepusciilum . v. 
 
 TWILIGHT. 
 
 crepuscular (rare); sublustris, e- 
 
 V. TWILIGHT. 
 
 crescent : I. Of the moon luna 
 crescens. Col. : also 1. cava. Plin. . 1. bi- 
 comis, Hor. ||. Anything in the 
 
 shape of the c. moon : 1. liiiia 
 
 Juv. : Isid. Orig. 19, H> 4- 2. lanula 
 (fiiTOm. of preced.) : Isid. : Ten. |||. 
 The Turkish standard *lunula (the 
 most suitable word). Often used by 
 meton. : as. the Crescent shall yield to 
 the Cross, *cruci cedet lunula ilia I'ur- 
 carum : or without figure, * Turcaium 
 imperium; res Mahumetana, &c. 
 
 crescent-shaped : lunatus the c- 
 
 shaped, shields of the Amazons, I. peliae 
 Amazonldum, Virg. : c. horns, 1. cornua, 
 Plin. 
 
 cress : nasturtium . Plin. Common 
 garden c, *lepidium sativum (Linn.). 
 
 cresset: ignis; fax, facis. v. eka- 
 
 CON, LAMP. 
 
 crest (subs.) : I. Of animals ■ 1. 
 crista: of a cock, c. galli, Juv. . of ser- 
 pents, draconum, Plin. Oimin. crisliila. 
 Col. 2. jUlja '■ of "i^ ccfc. Col. ; of 
 serpents, Virg. ||. Of a helmet : 
 
 crista, jdba: v. plome. 
 
 crest ("•)•■ ™''^ except in p. part.: 
 V. foil. art. Phr.: the breeze c.s the 
 ivaves with foam. *summos fluctus 
 Epuma praetexit aura. 
 
 crested : 1. cristatus : the c bird, 
 i. e. the cock, c. ales, avis, Ov. : Mart. : 
 c. seipents, c. dracones. Plin. : c. helmets, 
 c. galeae, Liv. 2. jiibatus (less freq.) : 
 Liv. 
 
 crest-fallen : 1. demissus (prob. 
 the nearest word but less precise and 
 Tivid than the Eng.) : sie you one (can- 
 didate) downcast, c, videsne tu ilium 
 tristem, demissura ? Cic. Mur. 21, 45. 
 Join: demissus, moerens, Cic. cf. 
 Phaedr. i, j, 10. (But Cic. uses demis- 
 sus absolutely in good sense = modest, 
 unassuming.) 2. Expr. by Jaceo: 
 
 but our friend Cnaeus ! how utterly c. 
 he isl C autem noster, quam totus 
 170 
 
 Jacet! Cic. Att. 7, 21: Liv. 3. In- 
 
 audax (?) : Hor. Od. J, 20, ; (only there). 
 (N.B. Animo fracto.abjecto, demissoare 
 given by K. and A., but they mean 
 rather mean-spirited, craven.) 
 
 CretiC (subs.) .- the foot " ' ', pes 
 cretlcus: Diom. 
 
 cretin ; (homo) gutturosus : Ulp. 
 Dig. 
 
 crevice: rima, rimiila: v. chink, 
 
 CRANNY. 
 
 crew : I. ^ collection of persons 
 (gen. in a bad sense): 1. grex, gregis, 
 m. : with a polluted c. of men. contanii- 
 nato cum grege virorum, Hor. a c. of 
 stoves, g. venalium, PI : enrol him in 
 your c, scribe tui gregis hunc, Hit 
 2. globus, manus v band. ||. 
 A ihqy's creiv . 1. nautae (tliere ap- 
 
 pears to be no collective .vord) thi' 
 whole of a crew are comprised in tlie full 
 "remiges .. nautas, giibein.itores cni- 
 parari jubet," Caes. B. G. J, 9 ■ the thtp 
 perished with all her c. *navis periii, 
 "na cum nautis : the ships and their 
 crews were destroyed by fire. *n.ives nau- 
 tasque Ipsos idem consumpsit ignis. 2. 
 s5cii navales (a term often applied to 
 marines) : a Jieet well off for c.s, badly 
 for fighting men, sociis n. instructa 
 classis, inops milite, Liv. 3, clas- 
 sic! : Curt. 4. lemlges, remigium : 
 i. e. the rowers • q. v. (Classiarii is 
 esp. used of soldiers fighting on ship- 
 board : Nep. : Tac.) 
 
 crib (subs.) : I. A manger : 1. 
 praesepe, is, n. or praesepes, is, /. ; 
 Cato : Varr. 2. biibile, is, n. : an ox- 
 stall : Cato Col. II. A child's sleep- 
 ing bed: iectiilus: v. bed. 
 cribble: cribmm: v sieve. 
 crick (a kind of s;>rain); Phr.; to 
 hare got a c. in the back, *spinam corpo- 
 ris luxatam habere v. sprain, strain. 
 cricket: I. The insect: grvllus, 
 
 Plin. Tree-c., cicada, Virg. Plin. ||. 
 The game : pila (gen. teim for all games 
 with ball: or perh. to play at c. may be 
 expr., plla clavaqu" ludere). 
 
 crier : praeco, onis, m. (the most gen. 
 term) ■ employed at sains, Hor. : in 
 courts of justice, Cic. . v. herald. 1%e 
 office of a c, praeconius quaestus or 
 praeconium.Cic. : hence, to be a c. prae- 
 conium facere, Cic. (Not piouunciator 
 which is a reciter.) 
 
 crime : 1. facTnus. 6ris, 7i. (a hold, 
 daring deed): to onnmit a c, f. tom- 
 mittere, in se admitiere, Cic. 2. 
 scglus, 6ris, n. (gross wickedness of any 
 kind): a detestable c, s. detestabile. 
 Cic. to commit an abominable c, s. 
 nefarium facere, Cic. . to perpetrate a 
 c, 8. patrare. Sail. : to attempt a c, s. 
 moliri, Cic: Hot.. Liv. 3. malefic- 
 ium (any evil or criminal deed) : 
 consciousness of c.s, cunscientia ma- 
 leficiorum, Cic. . to commit a c, m. 
 committere or admittere, Cic. 4. 
 
 culpa, delictum; both milder than the 
 Eng. V FAULT. 5. fraus, fraudis,/. 
 (usu an act of dishonesty, q. v. ; but 
 also used in gen. sense, perh. archaice) 
 to commit a capital c. f. cipitalem ad- 
 mittere, Cic. : an inexpiable c. t. incx- 
 piabilis, id. Join: scelus ac fraus, 
 id. 6. flagitium' i.e. a shameful 
 deed : as adultery : cf. Tac. Ger. 1 2. 
 (N B. Not crimen, except in poet. : the 
 meaning of which is a criminal charge) 
 Phr.: to commit many abominable c.s, 
 multa nefarie committere, Cic. : the c.s 
 vhich you hare committed, quae tu com- 
 misisti, in te admisisti.: v. to commit. 
 
 criminal (<«(;•).■ |. in moral 
 sense : contrary to human or divine 
 law : nefarius, scfilestus, fJciiiOrosus : v. 
 GUILTV, WICKED. ||, Technically; 
 
 belonging to criminal proiedure : Phr.. 
 a c. charge, crimen, accusitio to accuse 
 any one on a c. charge, aliquem arguere 
 crimine aliquo, Cic. v. TO accdsr. accu- 
 sation. (Criniinalis in purely legal 
 writing " non solum in criminali 
 causa sed etiam in pecuniaria," Imp. 
 Cod. ap. Fore.) A c. trial, judicium 
 puniendi malencii causd, as opp. to j. 
 distrahendae controversiae causa, Cic. 
 
 Caec 2, 6 ; to commence c. proceedings 
 against any one, aliqueni reum facere, in 
 reos referre • v. accuse . (a treatise) on 
 c. law, *de jure publico, R. and A. (but 
 the expression is too general . better 
 *de eo jure quod in maleficiis puniendls 
 versatur : or in technical writing, de jure 
 criminali). |||. In special phr. c. 
 
 conversation, adulterium ; v. adultery. 
 
 criminal (subs.): sons (esp. in pi). 
 homo noceiis, iioxius : v. guilty. (N.B. 
 Not reus, which is an accused person 
 only.) 
 
 criminality: imprsbitas: Cic: t. 
 
 WICKEDNESS. Or by circuml., as, there 
 can be no doubt of the c. of such con- 
 dnct. *dubitari non potest quin haec 
 conira leges lacta sint, digna sint quae 
 suppllcio constringantur, etc. . v. gdilt. 
 criminally: I. Wickedly: nfifa- 
 rie, improbe, inipie : v. guiltily, wick- 
 edly. II, In legal sense . criminallter 
 (only in legal writing): to proceed c, 
 i. e. according to the practice of the cri- 
 minal law, c. agere, Ulp. Usu. better 
 expr. by circuml. . as, reum lacere ali- 
 quem, *maleficii judict-m petere, postn- 
 lare, cf. Cic. Caec. 2 ; *malehcii puniendi 
 causa aliquem arcessere v, to accuse. 
 
 criminate: I. To accuse: crimi- 
 
 nor, I olten to accuse woongfullyt 
 Cic. ; Suet. II. To implicate : Phr.: 
 there was nothing to c. Caesar. *nihll 
 erat quod C. suspect um redderet; quod 
 C. ut sceleris participem convinceret : to 
 say something calculated to c. oneself, 
 *ea dicere quae sui criminandi speciem 
 praebeant. 
 
 crimination : criminatio, Cic : v, 
 accusation. 
 
 criminatory : 1. cn'minosus (fun 
 
 of charges, criminations) : Cic. Hor. 
 2. accusatorius : strictly, with re- 
 ference to public accusations : Cic. : 
 t^int. 
 crimp (adj-) ■• crispus . v crisp 
 crimp (subs.) : i. e. one who dis- 
 honettly decoys men ; esp. soldiers and 
 sailors, *homo iiequam qui homines 
 allicit atque fraudatur ; qui imprudentes 
 circumvenit fraudandi causa. 
 
 crimson : 1. coccineus . also coc- 
 cinus : Petr. : Mart : Plin. As suht. 
 coccum: i. e. prop, the dye itself: or 
 more precisely, color coccim u:n. 2. 
 sanguineus ■ Plin. v. blood-rkd. 
 
 cringe : i. e. to behave servilely : 1, 
 demitto, misi, missum, ? (esp. with 
 pron. rrfi. or as pass.): more tuUy, in 
 adulationem, ad servilem patientiam 
 demitti, Tac. 2. submitto (same 
 
 constr. as preced.) . Cic : Tac. ; v. to 
 condescend. (N.B. Neither of the 
 above are by themselves so forcible as 
 the Eng.) 3. acliilor, 1 (with dat. or 
 ace. : i. e. to fawn upon, as a dog) : v. 
 to flatter. 4. More exactly, seso 
 ad pedes alicujus abjectissime projicere ; 
 cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 26 : if entreaty is im- 
 plied, infimis precibus petere abaliquo, 
 Liv. 8, 2, med. 
 
 cringing (culj.) •• abj'^ctus, projectns, 
 demissus; v. abject, mean. 
 
 cringingly ; abjecie, demissg : or 
 expr. with part. : to beg c. of any one, 
 alicujus ad pedes projecium petere; v. 
 to cringe. 
 
 cripple (subs.) : expr. by adj. , 
 with abl. of part affected as (homo) 
 claudus altero pede, Nep. v. crippled 
 
 cripple ("•) • I, L i t. : <o deprive 
 
 of the use of limbs: aliquem claudum 
 pedibus, cruribus facere, reddere : v. 
 preced. art ; and to disable, lasie. In 
 this sense chiefly as p. part. : v. folL 
 art. II. To weahen. impair: 1. 
 
 deblllto, 1- v. TO enfeeble. 2. frango, 
 fregi, fractum, ? thu t effeminate bring- 
 ing up c.s all the sinews both of mind 
 and body, mollis ilia educatio nerves 
 omnes et mentis ei corporis f.. Quint. 
 Cic. 3. Infriiigo, J v. toimpaik 4, 
 accldo, di, sum, j (lit. to cut partially, 
 hack : hence esp. ol military force, to 
 break the strength of a nation: chiefly 
 used in p. part.) • aXthongh their strength 
 was c.d. etsi res accisae sint, Liv. : Cic. 
 crippled (.p. and adj.) : L L 1 C (
 
 CRISIS 
 
 CROAK 
 
 OR OOKEDN ES S 
 
 AittMed in the limbs : 1. claudTis : 
 V. LAME. 2. debilis, e (often with 
 oW. of part affected) : one c. in the loins, 
 another in the hip, hie lurabis, hie coxa d., 
 Juv. : also in agreement with the subs. ; 
 c. limbs, membra debllia, Sen. 3. 
 
 manius (disabled in the Ifands) : v. dis- 
 ABi.Ki>. Join: mancus et membris 
 omnibus captus ac debilis, Cic. ||. 
 K I g. : weahtritd, impahrd : 1. man- 
 cus : his praetorship uxmld be c. if Milo 
 were consul, m. ac debllem praeturam 
 suam luluram consule M., Clc. Mil. 9, 
 25 : of Fortune, i. e. powerUss to harm, 
 Fortuna m., Hor. S. 2, 7, 88. 2. 
 
 claudus : c. ships, c. naves, Liv. : Ov. : 
 V. HALTING, LAME. 3. accisus : sce 
 verb (II. 4). 
 
 crisis : I. l" S^'^- sense : a critical 
 point of affairs : 1. discrimen, inis, 
 n. : he' observed that the final c. of the 
 war xvas at hand, adesse d. ultimum 
 belli anlmadvertit, Liv. ; to come to a c. 
 In extreraum d. adducl, venire, devenire, 
 Cic. : at such a c, in tanlo d., Liv. 2. 
 tempus, 6ris, n. .- at such a c. In tali t., 
 Clc. : Lucr. : in doubtful and alarmiug 
 crises. In dubiis formldoloslsque t. Cic 
 P li r. : the greatest c.s are tU-cided by very 
 insignificant titings, m\nim\s momintis 
 niaxiniae temporum inclinatiuiies tiuiit, 
 Cic. I'lill. 5, lo. II, Si>ecially, of a 
 disease : 1. crisis, is, f. (icpi'o-is, 
 
 Hipp.) : Sen. Ep. 8j. 2. dies trlslraus 
 (Tlfiepa icpiVijiCK) : Coel. Aur. 3. C'l" 
 tica morbl accesslo, Aug. 
 
 crisp (adj.) ■ I. Curled : crlspus, 
 
 subcrlspns . v. <tRLV. ||. Hrittle : 
 
 fragilis, e (not crispus in this sense) : v. 
 
 BBITTLE. 
 
 crisp ("•)•■ I, To curl: crispo, i: 
 
 Plin. II. To make crisp (v. ailj. II.): 
 •fragilem levemque reddo, faciu(.>). 
 
 crispness : * fragllltas una cum 
 levitate. 
 
 criterion: 1. sigaum, Insigne: 
 
 V. sKiN. 2, ii5la (v. MABK): to guess 
 from certain criteria, certis quibusdam 
 n. augurari, Plin. Ep. 3, indicium : 
 V. INDICATION. 4. obrussa (properly 
 the testing or assayir^g of gold) : reason 
 is to be applifd as a c, adhibenda tan- 
 quam obrussa ratio, Cic. : simly, ad ob- 
 russam exigere. Sen. 5. When joined 
 with verb to be, expr. by Indlco, declaro, 
 etc. : as, their teeth are the c. of the age 
 (of stags), deniibus declaratur senecta, 
 Plin. : simly, aetas veterinorum indi- 
 catur dentibus, id.: v. roiNT out. indi- 
 cate. 
 
 critic : 1. existlmator : one ca- 
 pable of forming an opinion, a con- 
 noisseur (q. V.) : a well-inforninl and 
 judicious c, ex. ductus et intelligens, 
 Cic. 2. judex, icis (a judge of any 
 kind) : an acute, able c. of the ancientf, 
 subtilis veterum j. et callidus, Hor. 3. 
 crltlcus (Gr. (cptnicos) : as the c.s will 
 have it, ut critici dicunt, Hor. Cic. 
 Fam. 9, to, med. 4. censor (tig. : by 
 analogy with the political office: hence 
 impiying authoritative criticism), an 
 honest c, c. honestus, Hor. A. P. 1 74 : v. 
 CENSOR. Join; aequissimus aestim^itor 
 et judex. Cic. : censor castigatorque. Hor. 
 P h r. : a severe c, Arislarchus. Hor. : 
 Varr. : to be a fine c. exquisito Judicio 
 literarum uti, Cic. : the c.s, litterati.Suet. 
 (these were professional grammarians 
 and critics ; also called grainmaticl) : 
 existimantes (in gen. sense), Cic. 
 
 critical: I. Helatmg to criticism: 
 criticus, M. L. pas.Hm. (But in clas- 
 sical Lat. the wora Is either a subs., = a 
 critic, or is used In sense III.) ||, 
 Possessing skill to criticise : 1, eleg- 
 an3, ntis : a per.ion of most refined c. 
 judgment, -honio in omni judicio eleg- 
 antissinius, Clc. . a c. judge of beauty. 
 e. fonnae Jude.x, Ter. 2. intelligens, 
 ntls (implying judiciousness, whereas 
 elegans denotes refii}emimt, nicety) : a 
 c. judffmetit. int. judicium, Cic. 3, 
 accuratus : v. cakkfll. accurate. 4. 
 fastidiosus: i. e. exceedingly nice, fasti- 
 dious : q. V. Pb ■:. ears, teretes 
 aures, Cic. ; aures delicatae, Quint, (over- 
 much so) : some c. discernment, aliqua 
 
 soUertia Judicandl ; intelligetitia, OiC 
 Opt Gen. Or. 4: an over c. mr, fas- 
 tidium audiendi, ib : the critical, ex- 
 istimantes, Id. Ill, Belonging to a 
 crisis : (o). in medical lang. crltlcus, 
 crisimus: v. crisis. (6). In ••ommua 
 phras. : 1. diibius: c. tinu-s, d. tem- 
 pera, Cic. : in c. circumstancts, dubiis 
 rebus, Liv. : v. doubtful. 2. anceps, 
 cipitis (chiefly in later writers) ; the 
 commonivealth is in a c. state. In an- 
 cipiti est respublica, Tac. : Nep. 3. 
 When Joined with occasion, time, posi- 
 tion ; expr. by discrimen or tempus: 
 as, in such a c. jmsition, in tanlo dis- 
 crimine (reruni) ; in tali tempore : v. 
 CBisrs. Phr. : to he in a c. positnm, in 
 angusto esse. Curt. ; in lubrlto (slip]>ery, 
 and so perilous) versari, Cic. Join: 
 lubricus atque incertus, id ; in prae- 
 cipiti et lubrico stare. Curt.: seeing 
 himself in a most c. positim, ubl intel- 
 ligit omnes fortunas suas in extremo 
 Silas, Sail.: a c. point, cardo reriim, 
 Virg. ; simly (juiiit. : quae res totam 
 rem coniinet (based on Cic.) ; unde om- 
 nia pendent: v. depend. 
 
 critically: I. in a critval man 
 ner : 1. [\tU'ra.{e (after the manner 
 
 of a literary man): c. aojuainted vntli 
 tlie ancient authors, scriptorum veterum 
 1. perilus, Cic. 2. accurate : i. e. 
 car^tuUy, u-ith caref- I study : Cic. 3. 
 exquisile (i. e. " ith careful enquiry and 
 study): Clc Join: accurate et ex- 
 quisite, Cic. P h r. : to annotate an 
 author c, *scriplori annotationes cri- 
 ticas addere : to correct c, *lilirHm ad 
 criiicam rationem emendare, corrigere : 
 to judge very c. (skiljidh/ and niceh/). 
 •sumiiia judicandi sollertia uti ; judi- 
 cium elegiintissimum ad hi here : v. CRi- 
 TKAL (II.). II. ferilO'Sly: Phr. • 
 very c. for the cimimontvealth, summo 
 reipublicae tempore, Cic; in taiuo reip. 
 di>ciimiiie, etc.: v, critical (III.). 
 
 criticism : I. The art or practice : 
 1. judicium : to employ c. severely, 
 j. severe uti, Quint. : enumerated in a 
 fragment of Varr. ap. I Mom. as one of 
 the four parts of grammatlca : "lectio, 
 emendatio, enarratio, judicium." 2. 
 *ars critica or critice, es (17 KpiriKri) : 
 M. L. : or as contained in theory and 
 principles, critica ratio, Wolf. 3, 
 
 Less technically, expr. by judico, ex- 
 istlmo: as, sK-ill in c, judicandi sol- 
 lertia, Cic. : the v<:rdict of c, *existi- 
 raantlum judicium (of the critics) : v. 
 CRITICAL (I.). II, A written or ex- 
 pressed opinion : 1, jiidicium : Cic. 
 2, ceikiiira : Gell. Join: judicium 
 censuramque facere, Gell. 3, reprg- 
 
 hensio (an unfavourable c.) : Gell. 
 
 criticise : I. in strict sense : to 
 pass a critical judgment on : 1, Ju- 
 dico, I (i. e. to pass an opinion : foil, by 
 de and abl., or ace. of neut. pron. : or 
 absol.) : skill in c.ing, sollertia judi- 
 candi, Cic: Gell. 2. percenseo, ul, 
 2 (fully and carefully to review) : to c. 
 a speech cleverly and subtly, orationem 
 acri subtllique ingenio et judicio p., 
 Gell. 1, 5, ad init. 3, judicium cen- 
 
 suramque [de alicujus scripto] facere, 
 1. e. to enter into a detailed criticism of: 
 Gell. 12,2. 4. examino, i : to c. faults 
 of style, vitla loquendi ex., Quint. : v. to 
 EXAMINE. II. In bad sense ; to find 
 
 fault with : 1, reprChendo, dl, sum, 
 } : even in him (Demosthenes) Aeschines 
 finds something to c. and censure, in hoc 
 ipso r. Aeschines quaedam et exagltat, 
 Cic. : Gell. 2, cnlpo, vitiipgro (stronger 
 th:m the two preceding): v. to blame. 
 3. improbo, i : v. to disai'1>kove. 
 4. caslTgo, I : v. TO correct. 
 Phr.: Ijucilius c.s this in Ennius, hoc 
 vitio dat Lucilius Ennio, Gell : to c. 
 severely, corripere (of conduct) . v. up- 
 braid, censdrf, 
 
 critique : censara : M. L. (of. CBI- 
 
 TICISK, I. 3). 
 
 croak (''■) •• I. As frogs : 1, 
 
 cOaxo. I : .Suet. 2. cano. cficlnl. 
 
 can turn, j : Plin. : c veterem querelam, 
 Virg. G. I, n**- II, As rai'CTJS ; 1. 
 cr6cio, 4 : PI. (who has imperf. crodbat 
 
 for crociebat) : Apul. 2. cr6cIto, I* 
 AucU Oarm. Pliil. 3. occino, ui, | 
 (esp. ol an ill-omened cry of birds) : Liv. 
 4. rCcino, ui, j (in sim. sense) : Hor. 
 III. !• 'g- <o grumble, predict ei-il 
 things: queritor, I {frefjuenl. of queror) 
 v. TO<x)Mi"LAiN : semper mala vaticinari, 
 ominari v. kikebode. 
 
 croak, croaking (subs.): |. Of 
 frogs: 1, clamor (any noise or cry) : 
 to set up a c, c. tollere, Phaeilr. 2. 
 
 caiitus, lis (gen. term) : Plin. 3, 
 
 querela (poet. : prop, a complaint) : 
 Virg. 4. OlOlygon, 6nis (oAoAiryiii'): 
 see Plin. 1 1, }•;, 65 ; who in the same 
 passages uses the term ululatus of the 
 ^an)e. ||, Ot ravens : 1. crOcitus, 
 
 lis (of doubtful authority, but agreeable 
 to analogy): Non. . sce wt6. 2. 
 cantus, vox (gen. terms) : v. notk, 
 \oiCE. |||, Fig.: oi querulousness, 
 evil-foreboding, etc. : perh. qu^irela, 
 quferimdnia: v. co>ipi.aint: or by clr- 
 cuml., malorum vaticinationes, augtiria : 
 
 V PREDICTION. 
 
 croaker : Q"' abjecta spe animum 
 despuiidi^'t ; qui omnia pessima omina- 
 
 tur ■ V. TO DESPOND, FOREBODE. 
 crock: aula</colla: v. KXT. 
 
 crockery : viusa ficiiiia, or simply 
 
 fictilia, ium; v. earthenware. 
 
 crocodile : I. The animal : cr5- 
 
 cMilus, i: Plin. Phr.: c.'s tear*, *cro- 
 codilorum quae dicuntur lacrlmae: or 
 simply lacrimae tictae (which does not, 
 however, fully e.\pre>.-, the idea). ||, 
 A sophistical argument: crOcOdillna: 
 Quint. 
 
 crocus: crOcus or crScum: Virg.t 
 
 Plin. ■ V. SAFFRON. 
 
 croft : septum : V. enclosure. 
 crone : 4nus, anicula ; v6tii a : V. 
 
 OI.D-WOMAN. 
 
 crony: amicus familiarls ■ v. frienil 
 Phr.: old c.s, vetuli notique columbi, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 10, J. 
 
 crook (subs.) : I, A bend : flexus, 
 curvauK-n : v. bend, curve. ||. A 
 hook: uncus: v. nooK. Phr.: by hook 
 or by c, quocunque modo, as opp. to 
 recte, Hor. Kp. 1, 1, 65. |||, A shep- 
 
 herd's c, pedum : Virg. 
 
 crook ( >"■) ■■ curvo, flecto : v. to 
 
 curve, BKNl). 
 
 crook-backed: 1. gibber, era, 
 
 eruni : Suet. : I'ltn. : Varr. 2, pandus 
 i. e. bent, bowed : Quint. 
 
 crooked (a*(j.)-- 1. pravus (there 
 is a difference) between the straight ana 
 the c, inter rectum et pravum, Cic: a c 
 rule (carpenter's), p. regula, Lucil. • 
 Hor. (Esp. of that which has been pt.t 
 out of its proper shape : also in moral 
 sense: v. depraved, wicked.) N.B. 
 The words curvus, incurvus, pandus, 
 aduncus, lunatus, talcatus, though some- 
 times rendered crooked, do not strtttly 
 .'orrespond with the Lug. : see curved, 
 BENT, HOOKED, WINDING. Phr.: a 
 lean, c. man, homo niacer et pandus. 
 Quint. : c. legs, distorta crura, Hor. : a 
 c. or Minding road, fle.\uosuni iter, Cic: 
 c. (strictly gronn apart) arnu, vara 
 brachia. Mart. : Hor. : a pason with c. 
 legs, varus (bandy), valgus, vatius (bow- 
 ligged) : v. deformed. ||, In moral 
 
 sense : 1. priivus (more freq. in this 
 sense than the former) : equally unprin- 
 cipled whether for honourable or for c. 
 counsels, ad honesta sen prava juxta 
 levis, Tac. v. evil, depraved. 2. 
 dSlosus : V. craftv, cunning. 
 
 crookedly: I. L't.: 1 pravC: 
 V. crooked; and comp. Hor. Ep. i, i, 
 104 prave sectus unguis, an unevaily- 
 pared uail : v. wron(;ly. 2. tortS : 
 Lucr. (Inturtius, Plin. 16, 16. i-,. meana 
 in a moi e complicated manner.) ||, 
 
 In moral sense : prave, minus rectS, 
 etc : V. wrong LV. 
 
 crookedness: I, l^it. pravitas; 
 
 crrscent-shapeU horns u-illiout <. i" their 
 curve, corniia sine cnrv:iturae pra vital* 
 lunata. Pall. Col. (More freq. in gene- 
 ral sense, defonnity. >' roi.gnes.-i.) N.B. 
 Not curvit;ii or aduncilas the former 
 of which is curved' ess, the latter a 
 hooked shape : both very rare. ||. In
 
 CROP 
 
 CARRY OVER 
 
 CROSS-WISE 
 
 moral sense : pravltas {ivrongness in 
 general), dolus, fraus : v. dishonestv, 
 DBCF.rr. 
 
 crop : I. '/'''« pi'odwx of fields : 1. 
 seges, 6tis, /. {standing com or other 
 crops) : to have c.s on the hills and in 
 the plains, segetes collibus et campis 
 habere, Lucr. -. ac. of spelt ripe for the 
 harvest, s. farris matura messi, Liv. : a 
 ;. of flax and oats, s. lini et avenae, 
 Virg. : a c. of peas, s. leguminuni. Col. 
 Fig.: the shield-bearing c. if men 
 (sprung from the dragon's tPeth), s. 
 clipeata virorum, Ov. : a c. »f crimet, 
 8. scelerura, Prud. 2. fmges, um, /. 
 (general term for field-produce, while 
 fructus refers esp. to the pi-oduce of 
 trees) : to plant c.s, trees, fruges, arbores 
 serere, Cic : v. feuits, produce. 3. 
 sata, orum (only in pi., and signifying 
 whatever is soivn : poet.) : joyous (abun- 
 dant) c.s, laeta s., Virg. 4. messis, is, 
 /. ; V. HARVEST. 5. proventus, us 
 (i. e. the produce or yield of com, etc.) : 
 a triple c. (of figs), trifer "p-. Plin. : an 
 abundant c. of grapes, uber vineanim 
 (strictly of the vineyards) proventus. 
 Suet. Fig. : a c.of poets, p. poetarum, 
 Plin. Ep. : a c. of great men, clarorum 
 virorum p.. Just. The same sense may 
 be expr. by the verb: as, to yield a 
 better c, melius provenire. Col.: the c.s 
 are more abundant, segetes melius pro- 
 veniunt, id. 6. annus (Wie year's 
 
 produce : rare) : to wait for a c, e.x- 
 spectare annum, Tac. : the Pharian 
 {Egyptian) c, Pliarius a., Stat, (a harsh 
 e.xpression). P h r. : a soil which bears 
 vei-y abunda7<t c.s, quae plurimum eflS- 
 cit, Cic. (v. YiKi.D): here grapts yield a 
 more abundant c, hie melius veniunt 
 (in prose ^Jioveniunt) uvae, V^irg. ||. 
 Ttw. first Stomach of a bird : ingliivies, 
 ei : he fills his c. with frogs, iniplet in. 
 ranis, Virg. : Col. (also called sinus 
 gutturis, Plin. : v. Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v. 
 ingluvies). 
 
 crop ("•) •■ I. "^c '"dibble as goats, 
 etc. : carpo, tondeo, attondeo : v. to 
 BROWSE. II. To lop off: 1, meto, 
 messui, raessum, j : to c. the tops of 
 lilies ivith a stick, virga lilia summa m., 
 Ov. : V. TO MOW. 2. tondeo, totondi, 
 tonsum, 2 (prop, to shear) ; a c.'d skin, 
 i. e. head, tonsa cutis, Hor. Ep. i, i8, 
 7 (see Orelli ad I.) : to c. the head close, 
 caput ad cutem t., Cels. : v. .shave. 
 3. curto, I (chiefly used in p. 
 part. : to cut short) : with my hair c.'d 
 by an awlcnard barber, curtatus inae- 
 quali tonsore capillos, Hor. Simiy. the 
 comp. decurto: v. mutilate. 4. ab- 
 scido, praecido, recido : i. e. to cut off: 
 Q. V. III. To take a crop off' {land) : 
 Phr. : lands, valleys, that have been 
 c.'d, ton.sae novales, valles, Virg : lands 
 ought not to be c.'d too often, *ne saepius 
 quam decet segetes arvis imperato. 
 
 out (a g6ol. term) : emergo : v. 
 
 EMERGE. 
 
 crop-eared : cui aures abseisae sunt 
 (v. CUT OFF) : or perh. simply curtus, 
 which is used of persons or animals in 
 any way mutilated : Hor. 
 
 crop-full {adj.) : satur (rare of ani- 
 mals : Col )j ingluviem plenam habens 
 (of birds) : v. CROP (11.). 
 
 crop-sick: i- e. full to satiety (a 
 rare word) : *usque ad satietatem plenus 
 cibi ; epulis obrutus, Nep. : v. satiatk. 
 
 crosier: *iituus. 
 
 cross (subs.): I. The instrument 
 of punishment, which sometimes was a 
 tingle stake : crux, eriicis, /. : to fix to 
 a C, in cruce suffigere, Cic. (v. CRUCifY) : 
 to hang on a c. in cruce pendere, Plin. : 
 to set up a c. for any one, alicui c. sla- 
 tuere, Suet. ||. The shape or figure so 
 called : 1. dgcussis, is : the figure X : 
 Vitr. : Plin. 2. quincunx, ncis, m. .- 
 esp. in phr. in quincuncem, cross-rvise, 
 as the points were arranged for five 
 unciae : • : v. cross-wise. 3. literae 
 X forma: to make an incision in the 
 /orm o/ a c. incidere iid similitudinem, 
 ad figuram literae X. Cels. (Q.) Phr.: 
 to divide after the manner of a c, de- 
 casso, I : Cic N.B. Cran is not used in 
 
 this sense In classical writers, as the 
 shape of the cross varied in ancient 
 limes (v. supr. I.), hut il would perhaps 
 be pedantic to avoid such a use of the 
 word now : thus we might say, a build- 
 ing whicli forms a c, *aedificium crucis 
 formara habens, referens : to sign a do- 
 cument with a c, *tabula3 crucis foiina 
 subscribere. |||, The Christian sym- 
 bol : crux : Vulg. Often used by meton. 
 for the Christian faith : as, the mission- 
 ary of the c, *fidei Christianae nuntius : 
 but in this sense perh. crux may be 
 sometimes used : cf. Vulg. 1 Cor. i, 17, 
 18. IV. '^ny trouble or suffering : 
 1. crux: cf. Ter. Phor. j, .j, 11 : 
 " quaere in malo crucem," i. e. in male 
 aliud malum, Don. : PI. : the life of a 
 good monk is itself a c, vita boni 
 moriachi c. est, a Kempis. 2. molestia, 
 criiciatus. mala atque incommoda pro 
 Christo perpessa : v. affliction. V, 
 In breeding animals : mixtura s. con- 
 fusum genus: cf. Hor. Ep. 2, i, 195 : see 
 
 also HYBRID. 
 
 cross (adj.): I. Placed across: 
 
 1. trausversus: c. roads, t. viae, 
 C;ic. : c. beams, t tigna, Caea. 2. 
 transversariiis : c. beams, t. tigna, or 
 simply transversaria, Vitr. ||, Ad- 
 verse, altei'nate, contrary : Phr. : c. 
 circumstances, res adversae : v. adver- 
 sity : c. challenging of jurymen, altema 
 judicum rejectio, Cic. : to t>e at c. pur- 
 puses, iuiprudentes inter se adversari : v. 
 ADVERSE, etc. Ill, Hl-tenipered : A\ff\c- 
 ilis, amarus, niorosus : v. ill-tem- 
 PEHED, peevish. Phr.: to be c. with 
 oneself, secum stomachari, Cic. : v. 
 vexed (to be). 
 
 cross («•)•• A. T r a n s. : \, To 
 drair a line or lay a body otross ; 1, 
 dgcusso, I (in fonn of X) : Cic. 2. 
 cancello, i {to cover as with trellis- 
 nork) : Col. Phr.: to c. the legs, pop- 
 lites alternis genibus imponere, Plin. 28, 
 6, 17. II, To mix b)-eeds : genus 
 
 misrere : cf. Plin. 8, 5}, 79 : or perh. 
 genus confundere, cf. Hor. Ep. 2, i, 195. 
 
 ill. J" po^^ otvr : 1. transeo, ii, 
 itum, 4, MT. (applicable to any mode of 
 transit) .- to c. the Rhine, Rhenum tr., 
 Caes. : to c. the Jorum, forum tr., Hor. : 
 the Shone is crossetl in some places by a 
 ford, Rhodanus nonnullis locis vado 
 transitur, Ciies. 2. trajicio, jecl, 
 
 jectum, J (strictly to throw across, and 
 so foil, by two accusatives : see L. G. 
 } 246 : in present sense used both with 
 and without pron. reji.) : if Antony lias 
 c.'d the Alps, si se Alpes Antonius tra- 
 Jecerit, Cic ; to c. the Trebia on rafts, 
 Trebiam latibus tr., Liv. : to c. rivers 
 by stvimming, flumina nando tr.. Suet. 
 
 3. transcendo, di, sum, j (strictly 
 of that which is elevated) .- to c. the 
 Caucasus, Caucasum tr., Cic. : lo c. val- 
 leys, valles tr., Caes. : to c.the threshold, 
 limen tr.. Prop. 4. transgredior, gres- 
 sus, J (strictly to cross on foot) : to c. 
 the pomoeriuin, pomoerium tr., Cic. : to 
 c. a j-iver (of cavalry), flumeii tr., Caes. 
 
 5. transmitto, misi, missum. i (usu. 
 of crossing tcater') : cranes c. the seas, 
 grues maria Ir., Cic. : to c. the Iberus, 
 Iberum tr., Liv. 6. silpero, i : v. 
 surmount. IV. Of the mind: to 
 occur to : 1. siibeo, Ii, Itum, 4, irr. 
 (usu. foil, by ace.) : the thought c.'d their 
 mind, cogitatio animum subiit, Liv. : 
 also without cogitatio or any similar 
 word, Virg. : v. to occuk to. 2. in 
 mentem venire (the thing which crosses 
 the mind being sometimes the subject 
 and sometimes put in the gen. : see L. G. 
 } 278, Obs. 5) : Cic. 3. occurro, j : 
 Join: quodcunque in mentem veniat 
 aut quodcunque occuiTat, Cic. V. '^o 
 thwart : adversor, repugno, renitor, etc. : 
 V. TO OPi*osE. Phr. : to c. any one's in- 
 terests, officere et obstare commodis ali- 
 cuju^, Oic. : to c. any one when he is out 
 of temper, *sabirato raolestias offerre. 
 
 B. lutrans.: to pass over. v. 
 foil. art. 
 over: 1. trajicio, j (v. to 
 
 cross, IU. 2) : he c.'d over to the island, 
 ad insulam trajecit, Liv. : that no Jleet 
 
 might c. over from Africa, ne qua clas- 
 sis ex Africa trajiceret, Liv. 2. 
 transcendo, j : to c. over into Italy, in 
 Italiam tr., Liv. 3. transeo, 4, irr. : 
 lest the (ieimans should c. over from 
 their oivn tenntories into those of the 
 Helvetii, ne Germani ex suis tinibus ia 
 Helvetiorum fines transirent, Caes. : 
 Sail. 4, transgredior, j : to c. over 
 
 into Corsica, in Corsicam tr., Liv. : Tac 
 5. transmitto, j : from Corsica 
 Cicereius c.'d over into Sardinia, ex 
 Corsii »* C. in Sardiniam transmisit, Liv. : 
 a hundred merchant ships c.'d over into 
 Africa, centum onerariae naves in Afri- 
 cam transmiserunt, Liv. ; Cic. (N.B. 
 Kor the difference between the above 
 words, see to ckoss, 111.). 
 
 cross-bar: repagaium {for doors, 
 gates, etc.) : v. bar. 
 
 cross-beam : transtrum (prop, of 
 the cross-benches in sh ips ; but also used 
 in gen. sense) ; Vitr. Diniin. transtil- 
 lum, a small c. beam : see also cross 
 (adj.). 
 
 croSS^bill : o bird .- *Ioxia curvi« 
 rostra. 
 
 cross-bow: manilballista, arciibal- 
 lista: Veg. 2, 15, ad yin. 
 
 cross-bowman : mantiballistarius: 
 Veg. 
 
 cross-breed : *mixlum genus : V. 
 cross (V.). 
 
 cross-examination: 1. interrs- 
 
 gaiio (see Quint. 5,7; where the sub- 
 ject is treated): to press a c. too hard, 
 nimium Instare interrogationi, ib. } 16: 
 a clever c, scitae interrogationes (used 
 of theSocratic erotetics), lb. $28 : a care- 
 ful c, circumspecta int., ib. }jn c.by 
 the opposite side, int. a patronls diversae 
 partis habita,cf. ib. ^10, 11. Sinily with 
 verb : by a c. which proceeds step by 
 step, paullatira, pedetentim interro- 
 gando, ib. {20. 2. pi'riontatio : more 
 fully, variae per. quales ah adyersario 
 [a patrono] haberi possint, ib. }li. 
 Phr. : to be caught by an artful c, in 
 laqueos [interrogation'im] induci, ib. : 
 there is need of the utmost art in c, 
 summis artibus interrogantis opus est, 
 ib. ^ i;. 
 
 cross-examine: intenSgare; per- 
 contiitiones habere ad fldeni testium 
 minutndam, augendam : v. preced. art. 
 
 cross-grained : only used in fig 
 
 sense : importilnus, diffidlis: v. MOROSE, 
 peevish. 
 
 crossing: I. The verbal subs.: 
 
 transitus, transmissio, etc. : v. passage. 
 II. A place uhere roads cross : 1, 
 compitum (usu. in pi., and esp. with 
 reference to the country) : to sell by 
 auction in c.s (toum or country), in 
 triviis aut in compitis auctionari, Cic: 
 Hor. : Virg. Hence adj. compitalls : 
 esp. in phr., lares compitiiles (deities 
 having charge of c. roads). Suet. 2. 
 
 trivium (strictly 0/' (Arte roads: applied 
 to public plcu:es in tou-ns) : a copper 
 fastened in a c, in triviis fixus as. Hor. : 
 bred in a c. (i. e. in a public part of the 
 town), triviis innatus, id. A. P. 245 : 
 Cic. 3. blvium (a place where two 
 roads meet) : to stop at a c, ad bivia 
 consistere, Liv. 4. quadrivium (of 
 four roads) : Juv. : Cat. 
 
 cross-legged : poplitibus altemis 
 genibus impositis: Plin. 28, 6, 17. 
 
 cross-purposes : in phr. to be at c, 
 errore quodam contrario duel (R. and 
 A.); *Te parum intellecta inter se pug- 
 nare ; prave inter se intelligere. 
 
 cross-question : v. cross-examine. 
 
 cross-road : trames, itis, m. (opp. 
 to a high-road) : Cic. : Sail. More fully, 
 by cs, transversis tramitibus, Liv. 2, s<^ 
 See also crossisg. 
 
 cross-wise (adv.) : l. dScussatlm : 
 Vitr. : Col. (see cross, subs. II.). 2. 
 in quincuncem (i. e. as the points were 
 set for the quincunx : ■ : ) rows of 
 trees set c, direct! in q. ordines, Cic. 
 Simly quincunx is used to denote a c 
 arrangement quid lUo quincunce spe- 
 closius.' Quint. 8, j, 9. Ph r. : to divide 
 c, dficusssso, : Cic. ; such a division or 
 arrangement, decussatio, Vitr. Unit
 
 C R0881.T 
 
 CROWN 
 
 CEUE L 
 
 drawn c, la decusses dnctae lineae, 
 PUn. (N.B. Not in crucis speclem: 
 oomp. CBoss, tubs. 11. )• 
 crossly: amare. iracunde, etc.: v. 
 
 PEEVISHLY. 
 
 crossness: importunltas, dmaritudo: 
 
 T. PEEVI8HNKS8, II,L-TEMFEB. 
 
 crotchet: I. in music: •quadrans 
 
 [notae musicae], Kr. ||. A fancy : 
 
 1. libido. V. CAPRICE. 2. prolu- 
 bium (rare)- v. fancy. 
 
 crotchetty: >• « /«'' "/ «'''''"«•■ 
 
 (.>)mor6.sus: cf. Cic. Or. 29. /m., "usque 
 eo difficiles ac morosi suraus iit nobis 
 non satlsfaciat Ipse iJemostlienes :" 'pu- 
 lida quadam morosltate fhomo] : i. e. 
 of a temper so fault-finding as t» be 
 offensive ; v. peevish. 
 
 crouch: I. To stoop hw: 1. 
 subsido, di, J : the Spaniards c. doum to 
 protect themselves from the missil^^ dis- 
 charged by the foe, s. Hlspanl adver.sus 
 emi«sa ab hoste tela, L\v. . Virg. 2. 
 demitto, submltto (with pron. rejl.) .- 
 V. TO STOOP, couch. II, To bend ser- 
 vilely : ad pedes alicujus abjicere sese, 
 projicere ; jacere • v. cringe, cower. 
 
 croup : o disease of the tliroat ; 
 •cynanche trachealis. 
 
 crow (subs.) : I. The bird : cornix, 
 ids, f. : Cic. : Plin. Dimin., cornicula, 
 Hor. Pro v.: to pluck or pull a cron; 
 i. e. to contend about a tnfie, de lana 
 caprina rixari, Hor. ||. A bar : 
 
 vectis : V. lever. |||. The voice of 
 the cock : cantus, lis : the c.xng of the 
 cock, galli cantus, Cic: at cockc , sub 
 galli cantum, Hor. 
 
 crow ("■)•• I. Lit. of a cock: 
 1. ciiciirio, 4 : Auct. Car. Phil. 2. 
 cano, cficini, cantum, } (gen. term : 
 used of all birds) ; cocks are accust'nued 
 to c. when victorimis, galli viclores c. 
 Solent, Cic. 3. canto, i ; Cic. ||. 
 Fig. : to lioast : glOrior, lacto (usu. with 
 pron. ref..), etc. . v. to boast. 
 
 crow-foot : ranunculus, Plin. 
 
 crow's-foot : « caltrop (q. V.) • sti- 
 miilus : Caes. 
 
 crowd (.subs.) : I, Of people . 1. 
 tnrba (a number of persons without 
 order) : the praetor's house fdled with 
 a c, domas praeioria, turba referta, 
 Cic. : ac.of unknown gods, t. ignotorum 
 deorum, Cic. : a c. of disciples, discipu- 
 lorum t., Quint. 2. vulgus, i, m. and 
 n. (t*t comnum herd, the multitude: 
 always used contemptuously) : v. mui.- 
 TiTtJDE. 3. frfiquentia (a number of 
 persons or things close together) .- a very 
 great c. of people, summa horainum f.. 
 Cic: V. THRONG. 4. concursus, us 
 (of people fi/Kking togetfier) : a c. a.<- 
 sembles in the streets, fit c. per via.s. 
 PI. : great c.s assembled, magni c. sunt 
 facti, Nep. 5. celebriias (strictly an 
 abstract subs. ; thus Cic. has celebritas 
 loci in sense of the croudedness otfash- 
 ionableness of & place : Fam. 14, i,^n.): 
 / hate a c. ; I avoid men, odi celebri- 
 tatem ; fugio homines. Cic. : more fully 
 celebritas virorum ac mulierum. id. 
 See also multitude, rabble. ||, Of 
 other things : chiefly in fig. sense ; as, 
 ac.of thoughts, *turba, frequentia, mul- 
 titudo cogitationum (.') ■ v. jruLTrruDE. 
 P h r. . what ac. of thoughts come rush- 
 ing into the mind, 'quot res mentem 
 subeunt : quarum rerum in mentem 
 venit ! 
 
 crowd («■)•• A. Trans ■ |. 7b 
 fill loim numbers of persons or things : 
 
 I. arto, arcto, I (to c. to excess) : to 
 c. halls uiith busts, atria imagliilbus a., 
 Mart. : Plin. 2. frfiquento, i (to 
 attend in large numbers) : the temples 
 thould now be c.'d, templa frcquentari 
 nunc decet, Ov. 3. stipo, i (to c. 
 closely) : the senate-house was c.'d by the 
 tenalors, curia patribus fult stipala, 
 Ov. : Hor. 4. compleo, 2 . v. to pill. 
 
 II. To force together into one space : 
 1. stipo, I (v. siipr.) : the Greeks 
 
 were c.'d five on a couch, often more, 
 Qraeci stipati sunt qulni In lectulis, 
 saepe plures, Cic. 2. constipo, i 
 
 (slightly stronger than simple verb) : 
 to c. together a number of men into a 
 
 territtn-y, nnmerum hominum in agnim 
 allquem c, Cic. ; Caes. iJ. conglObo, 
 
 I (m one body) : the toldiers had c.d 
 together in a temple, in templo miles se 
 conglobaverat, Tac. : Liv. Fig.: defi- 
 nitions c.'d together, definitlones cun- 
 globalae, Cic. 4. cOarto, condenso, 
 
 c6aiiKUsto . v. to compress. 5. cogo, 
 congrew. v. to assemble, gather to- 
 gether. III. In phr. to c. sail ; plenla- 
 slmis vclisnavigare.Clc. : •omnia vela in- 
 tendere- v. to sail. B. Intrans.: 
 as, to c. togi-thi-r, around ; v. infr. 
 
 crowd around: 1. circumfundor, 
 fnsus, ) (either absol. or with dat.) : 
 the Trojan youth come c.ing round, cir- 
 cumfusa ruit Trojana juventus, Virg. : 
 to c. round a man speaking m puUic, 
 alicui concionanti c, Liv. 2, circum- 
 fluo, J : V. to flock round. 
 
 in: influo, xl, xum, j: Cic. 
 
 together (intr.) .- l. con- 
 
 curro, curri, cursum, j : to c. togetfier to 
 the senate-house, ad curiam c, Cic 2 
 conv61o. I (with rapidity) : v. flock 
 together. 3. expr. by verbs given 
 under to crowd (II.), and pron. refl.: 
 as, se congregare ac condensare in unum 
 locum, Varr. Phr.- deaths of old and 
 young c. thick together, mixta senum 
 juvenumque densontur funera, Hor 
 (where densantur would be more usual) 
 the c.ing multitude, shoulder to shoulder, 
 densum humeris vulgus, Hor. See also 
 crowded. 
 
 crowded (a<Jj.) •• |. Close together -. 
 
 1. condensus : ships c. together on 
 the shore, c. puppes litore, Virg.; Liv. 
 Also, densus : Ov. ; Hor. 2. con- 
 fertus : ships c. together, naves c, Liv. : 
 c. together in confined duellings, c. in 
 arcta tecta, Liv. : in c. or close array, 
 contertus (e. g. c. acies), sup. ojnlertis- 
 stmus, Caes. : v. close. ||. Full, 
 attended by many people : J. c516ber, 
 bris, bre: a vei-y c. assembly of men 
 and ti)om«i, celeberrimns virorum mul- 
 ierumque conventus, Cic. : v. fre 
 quented. 2. confertus (more freq. 
 in sense 1.) : the tfmples of the Gods c. 
 ■with a vast multitude, ingenti turba c. 
 deorum templa, Liv. F i g.- o life full 
 and c. with pleasures, vita plena et c. 
 voluptallbus, Cic. 3. frJquens, ntis 
 (of assemblies and places well-attended) : 
 a c. banquet, f. convivium. Suet. : a very 
 c theatre, frequentisslmum theatrum, 
 Cic. 4. rgfertus (i. e.full of. abound- 
 ing in : with abl.) : his house was c. u-ith 
 gamblers, domus erat aleatoribus r., 
 Cic. 5. spissus (thick together): c. 
 seats, 8. sedUia, Hor. : c. theatres, s. 
 theatra, Hor. 6. arttis, arctus (too 
 much c.) : nimis a. convlvia, Hor. 
 
 , Phr.. crowded state, celebritas. the c. 
 state of the place, c. loci, Cic. : of the 
 
 '. road, c. viae, Cic. 
 
 crowding (subs.) .- cdartatio (Liv. : 
 Vitr.), constlpatlo (v. rare), stipatio 
 (Cic.) : see the several verbs under 
 
 CROWD. 
 
 crown (.''ubs.) : I. Of a king : 1. 
 insigne regium ■ he replaced on his head 
 the c, insigne r. (capiti) reposuit, Cic. 
 Sext. 27, 58: Insigne r. capltl imponere, 
 Tac. Atm. 2, 58 : for this, insigne capitis 
 may be vised where the context shows 
 that a king's crown is meant : Sen, 
 
 2. apex, Icis, m. (strictly, a conical 
 tiara worn by priests): Cic. Leg. i. i, 
 fin. (see the place): Hor. 3. Jii- 
 dema, atis, n. (Gr. StaStj^ia" a kind of 
 band ; the sign of royalty in the f:ast) : 
 Suet. : Hor. : Juv. The pure Latin for 
 this word is (^Candida) fascia, which is 
 used ty Suet, in the well-known story 
 of Caesar's s^tue (Jul. ■jg). N.B. Corona 
 is not used in this sense : see Suet. 1. c ; 
 and infr. ||. By meton., royal power: 
 regnum : to bestow the c. on any one, 
 alicui r. deferre, Caes.: Hor. (who 
 adds et diadema) : to aspire to the c, 
 r. appetere, affectare: v. ASPrRETo: v. 
 REGAL POWER. III. -^"y honorary 
 wreath: corona: for the diff. kinds of 
 coronae see lUct Ant. s. v. : as a con- 
 stellation. Cic: Virg. Dimin. cOroUa: 
 
 v. WREATH, GARLAND. |V. Tlu top 
 
 of the head : vertex, icis, m. : from, the 
 tolet of tlu: feet to the c. of the head, ab 
 Imia ungulbus usque ad v. summum, 
 Cic : Hor;: v. top. V. Completion, 
 
 consummation : ciimiilus : that c. <f 
 days, llle c. dierum, Cic. • see verb (lU.). 
 
 crown ("•) •■ I. To invest itrUA a 
 
 royal croun: insigne regium capltl im- 
 ponere, Tac. : v. crown. (Also diadema. 
 apex, may be used . admovere dladi-ma 
 capiti in Suet. Jul. 89, Is to put the crown 
 to the head, not actually to croo n.) ||. 
 To cover, as with a uneath or crown : 
 1. cingo, nxi, nctum, }: to c. the 
 temples u-ith fiouers, tempora floribus c., 
 Hor. ; v. TO wreathe. 2. cOrono, i : 
 a V ood cj the v cUers, surrounding every 
 side, sllva c. aquas, cingens latus umne, 
 Ov. : to c. pillars vith laurel, c. posies 
 lauro. Quint.: c.ing the gods v-ith ruse- 
 mary and bi-ittle myrtle, coronans mar- 
 ino rore deos fragillque myrt>i, Hor.: 
 to c. (anard the prize to) a amedy, c. 
 comoediam. Suet. : to be c.'d at the 
 Olympian games, Olympia coronari. 
 Hor. III. To consummate : expr. with 
 ciimiilus: eloquence as it vere c.t the 
 arts of the philosophers, eloquentia all- 
 quem c. phllosophorum affert, Cic : 
 sinily, c. addere, Ov. : also cumulo 
 augere, Cic. : also with verb cumulo : 
 c.'d vith so many honours, tot bonori- 
 bus cumulaius, Tac : Cic 
 
 crown-imperial (a plant) : •fritiW 
 laria Imperatoris, Linn. 
 
 crown-prince : filius regis in spem 
 imperil geiiltus. Curt.; v heir. 
 
 crown-lands: tamiacapraedia:Cod. 
 Just. An occupant of c.-lands, tami- 
 icus: lb. 
 
 crown-scab : perh. porrigo, Inis,/..- 
 Hor. . V. scLRF. 
 
 crucial : >n pli''. a c test, a c. expe- 
 riment, * crucis experimentum quod 
 dicitur. 
 
 crucible: catinus: Plin. 
 
 crucifix : *iniago Christ! cruci a£Bxi. 
 
 crucifixion : I. L 1 1. . Mostly 
 expr. by crux (v. cross) : as, to perish 
 by c, cruce perire, Gracch. ap. Kest, : to 
 inflict c, cruce afficere allquem, Cic: 
 V. TO CRCCFFT. ||. Fig.: gradual de- 
 struction : to aim. at the c. of tht JIksH 
 (theol.), 'corporis libidinlbus quasi ene- 
 candis studere, Incumbere. 
 
 cruciform : •crucis formam habens : 
 
 V. CROSS (11.). 
 
 cruci&: |. Lit.: Incrucemagere, 
 cruce afiBcere, cruci suffigere, Cic : In 
 cruce suffigere, Hirt. ; also in crucem, 
 .fust. : cruci afligere, Tac (N.B. cru- 
 cifigo, IS single word, belongs to later 
 and Christian WTiters.) ||. Fig.: !■ 
 theol. sense, to c. the flesh, 'corporis 
 Ubidines omni duritia coercere et quasi 
 enecare fcruci suffigere]. 
 
 crude : I.Li t, : not cooked or 
 otherii ise prepared, etc : criidus : v. 
 
 raw. UNRIPF^ UNDIGESTED. ||, Fig.: 
 
 unl'mished, immature (much more freq. 
 in this sense) : 1. Inchoatus (6f?un, 
 not fniislied): the c. and rair notions 
 which dropped from me vhen a youth, 
 quae pueris nobis inc. atque nidia ex- 
 ciderunt, Cic. 2. riidis, e (unfinislied) : 
 Cic. (v. supr.). N.B. Crudus and Im- 
 maturus appear not to be used in this 
 sense in class, authors. 
 
 crudely : imperfects : V. fMPEB- 
 FECTLY. More precisely expr. by in- 
 choaius (see adj.): as, a c conceived 
 work, opus Inchoatum atque rude : to 
 c<mceire a thing c, *rem incboare tan turn 
 atque adumbrare. 
 
 crudity : I. Undigested, food : 
 
 crudiuis: Plin.: v. indigk.-tion. ||. 
 Fig.: of what is rudely conceived : 
 P h r. : there is a c. about the uork, 
 * ('inis inchoatl nonnibil atque tmperf&;tl 
 habet • v. crude. 
 
 cruel: 1. crildSlis, e (the most 
 usual and pen. term): o c and unfcel- 
 ivg woman, c. atque Importuna mulier, 
 Cic: a c. and destructiit var, bellum 
 c et exitlosum, Cic : with the c. lash, c 
 verbere, Ov. 2. atrox, 5cis (stronger 
 than cnid'lia, and implying a s n\ige, 
 unrelenting disposition) : Cic : lac. : 
 113
 
 CRUELLY 
 
 CBUSTACEOUS 
 
 CRY 
 
 T. SriEBN, UNKELENTING. 3. SaeVUS 
 
 (tavage, fierce : esp. poet.) : c. step- 
 mothers, 6. novercae, Virg. ■ c. threats, 
 a. minae, Prop. : c. chains, s. catenae, 
 Hor. 4. duras ; i. e. hard-hearted, 
 unfeeling ■ q. v. 5. immitis, e (rare 
 and chiefly poet.) c. Achilles, im. 
 Achilles, Virg. : c. slaughter, im. caedes, 
 Liv. 6. immanis, e : v. brutal, 
 
 BARBAHOCs. 7. importiinus (Jiabitu- 
 aUy and vdthout abatement) : Join: 
 cruiielissimus atque importunissinius 
 
 ttyrannus] : immanis aiqup iniportuna 
 natura] e. g. Verrls. Cic. 8. inliu- 
 manus- v, inhuman. 9. orudus (lit. 
 raiv: poet.)r the c. snord, c. ensis, 
 Virg. : Ov. 10. acerbus (lit. sharp, 
 poignant) : a most c. enemy, acerbissi- 
 mus hoslis, Cic. Hur. Phr. a c. 
 tyrant, teter tyrannus, Cic; c. love, 
 improbp amor! Virg.: c. enemy, hoslis 
 amare ! id. See also fierce, fell. 
 
 cruelly: 1. cnldeliter. Cic 2. 
 saeve . Suft. Join: s. et atrociter, 
 id. 3. atrociter : Cic. : Tac. 4. 
 
 barbare: Hor.: v. bakbarously. 5. 
 dure, dQriter: v. harshly. N.B. For 
 syn. see cruel. Phr.: when xe are 
 suffering c, dolorura cum adnioventur 
 faces, Cic. : v. keenly, severely. 
 
 cruelty : 1. crOdelltas : which 
 
 Sen. defines as the propensity to severe 
 measures, c. est inclinatio animi ad 
 asperiora, Clem. 2, 4. J : bloodlhirstiness 
 and c, carnificina atque c, Cic. ■ to ax:t 
 with c, c adhilxre in aliquera, c. ex- 
 ercere In aliquo, id. ; c. uti, Nep. 2. 
 atrocitas (less freq. in this sense ; 
 stronger than No. 1). Suet, v atro- 
 city, severity 3. f^ritas, inima- 
 nitas (cruelly as it were beyond human) . 
 V. BARBARrrY, BRUTALITY. 4. sacvitia 
 (used by Cic. for severity in good sense : 
 Off. 2, •;, 24): the c. of usurers, s. fene- 
 ratorum. Sail. : of enemies, s. hostium, 
 Tac. : V. savageness, fierceness. 
 
 cruet : 1. guttus (a small vessel 
 with a narrow ruck, for pouring oil, 
 etc., drop by drop) : Hor. : I'lin. 2. 
 comu, 118 (one made of horn ) : Hor. 3. 
 Scetabiilum (/or uiriejai) : Quint. 
 
 cruise (subs,). \. a small vessel 
 (also spelt cruse): olla: v. jug. ||. 
 Of a ship : 1, (?) expgditio : v. ex- 
 pedition. 2. navigaiio: v, voyai.e. 
 
 cruise ("•)•• 1. vagor, i: to c. 
 along the coast, praeter oiam v., Liv. 
 22, 14, med.: Veil. 2. pfrvagor, i 
 (to c. about) : Cic. (who usfs llie term 
 o{ piratical vessels). 3. circumvccli*-, 
 I (pass, used as refl.): to c. abuut the 
 coast of Ligicria, otain Ligurum c, Liv. 
 41, i-j (N.B.— The last w-oid is most 
 suitable to express cruising about on 
 regular service; the former are, in all 
 the above cases used of predatory or 
 piratiral fleets.) 4. navigo, circimi- 
 navigo : v. TO sail. 
 
 cruiser : i-^-a ship that cruises about 
 with hostile intention, or to reconnoitre : 
 
 I. speculatorium navigium ; specu- 
 latoria navis (spy-vessel): Caes. ; Liv. 
 (In this sense catasc6pus,Gr.KaTa<rico7ro? 
 is used by Auct. Bell. Afr.) 2. *vaga- 
 bunda navls et praedatrix (of pirates). 
 
 3, navis quae circumvectatur : v. 
 CBcrsE (3). 
 
 crumb: I. ^ morsel, esp. of 
 
 breaii : mica panis, Plin. : v. morsel, 
 GBAiN. II The soft part of bread: 
 panis moUia, Plin. ; panis tenerior 
 pars, Cels. 
 
 crumble: {.Trans.; 1. frio, 
 I earth vhich is easily c,d, terra quae 
 facile friatur, Varr. • Lucr. Simly, the 
 comps. infrio, 1 (to crumble one thing 
 into another, as in making a draught): 
 Cato : Plin. : and affrio (in similar 
 sense), Varr. 2. putrgfacio, feci, 
 factum, } (to make soft and crumbling) : 
 to soften and c, rocks by.pouriny vinegar 
 on them, saxa infuso aceto p., Liv. 3. 
 tSro, contfiro : v. to BRnisE, pulverise. 
 
 II. In trans. 1. frior (pass, 
 refl. of frio), i : v. supr. (1). 2. 
 putresco, putrui, J (to become soft and 
 crumbling) : Col. 3. corruo, i, J (to 
 e. down and come to ruin) : Cic. 4. 
 
 n4 
 
 collabor, lapsus, j (sim. to No. 3): Liv.. 
 to c. to dust, *ln pulverem c, (or re- 
 solvi. Col. has glebas in pulverem 
 resolvere). 
 crumbling («dj) •• , 1- PV'*""- 
 
 putris, putre . c. sml, clod. p. solum, 
 
 gleba, Virg. 2. friabilis. e: Plin.: 
 V. friable. 
 crumple: 1. ''"go. corrugo, i 
 
 V. to '.vRiNKLE. Plant, uses rugo as 
 
 intrans. ; see how your mantle is c.d., 
 
 vide pallium ut rugat, Cas. 2, j, }2. 
 
 2 duplico, I : Sen. ; v. to double. 
 
 crumpled (ckIj) ■ corrugatus, or 
 rugatus rugosus: v. wrinkled; and 
 see preced. art. 
 
 crupper: postllena Pi. 
 
 crush («•)■■ I. Lit.: 1 Ob- 
 tgro, trivi, tritum, i (esp. with the feet) : 
 to c. frogs with the foot, ranas ob. pede, 
 Pbaedr. : to c. the eggs of locusts, locust- 
 arum ova ob., Plin.: to c. the legs, crura 
 ob., Cul. 2. oppiimo, pressi, pressiim, 
 { (the most gen. term) the vaulted roof 
 fell and c.'d the rest, ruina camerae op- 
 "pressit ceteros, Phaedr. : Cic. to c. a 
 fly, muscani op.. Phaedr. 3. elido, 
 si, sum, J (to damage or smash vio- 
 lently) : I will c. your head, elidam 
 caput, PI., to c. the jaus, fauces e., Ov. 
 
 4. contero, contundo. coniminuo, 
 frango ; v. to break in pieces, bruise. 
 
 5. protero, J . V. to trample on. 
 II, Fig. To overwhelm; by isonque^t 
 
 or otherwise : 1. oblfiro, j he had c.'d 
 almost the whole ving, alam prope 
 iiniversam obtriverat, lac. Liv.: to c. 
 a calumny, calumiiiam ob., Cic. 2. 
 opprimo, pressi, pressuni, } to c. a 
 s dition, motum op., Nep. (comprimere, 
 Liv.): V. toox ERWHELM. 3. prfimo, 
 J : to be c.'d beneath the greatness of the 
 taxes, magnitudine tributorum premi, 
 Caes.: to c. an enemy, ininiicum p., 
 Curt. 4. frango, fregi, frartum, j : 
 to c. and subdue natimtt. natioiies f. et 
 domare, Cic. Join also, Irangere et 
 commlnnere (to break and shatter com- 
 pletely), Cic. 5. protero, } (poet.): 
 to c. the Carthaginians in war, Marte 
 Poenos p., Hur. 6. afliigo, xi, ctum, 
 } (strictly, to dash to the g) ound) : to c. 
 a nation in var, geiitem bello af., Liv.: 
 Cic. (The word does not, however, 
 denote entire destruction ; but rather 
 prostratiim: v. TO PROSTRATE.) 7. 
 elldo, si, sum, j (rare in this sense), to 
 be c.'d by gi if, aogritudine elidi, Cic. 
 
 crush, crushing (subs.) .- |. The 
 
 act: contiisio: v. iiKCisrNO. (But usu. 
 expr. by vei'b; as, to aim at CT^ishing 
 the enemy, *id agere ut hostes obteran- 
 tur : v. prected. art.) ||, A dense crowd : 
 •freqneniia densissima; hominum fre- 
 quentia humeris Inter se colluctantium ■ 
 
 v. CROWD. 
 
 crushing (a^j-) ■ P h r. : a c. blow, 
 •talis Ictus lit aliquem penitus frangat 
 atque luctn affligat. 
 
 crust ;«■)■• I. The external coat 
 ov coier'mg of a thiiig : \. criista (in 
 every sense in which the word is gene- 
 rally used) : o c. of clay, luti c, Lucr. • 
 a c. of bread, panis c, Plin. : the c. of a 
 river (ice}, fluminis c, Virg. : the c. of 
 ulcers, c. ulcerum, Cels. Dimin. crust- 
 ula : a thin c, Plin. 2. balteus (of a 
 cake): Cato. Phr.: the c. of the earth, 
 cutis [summa] terrae, Plin. (who uses 
 the expr. to denote the topmost surface 
 of the earth, 20, 19, 79). ||, Con- 
 densed dregs : as, the crust of wine, 
 faex, faecila: v. dregs. |||, A piece 
 of c, esp. of bread : frustum, fnistulum ; 
 V. BIT. Phr. to live upim a c, lapsana 
 vivere (literally, on radishes ; i. e. spar- 
 ingly), Plin. 19, 8, 41, fin. , flcis victitare 
 aridis (tit. mi dry .figs), PI. (Q.) N.B.— 
 Cnista, a thin crust, must not be con- 
 founded with crusta, crustula (pL), 
 cakes, pastry. 
 
 crust (v.) ■ I. Trans., crusto, 
 incrusto, 1 ■ crustfi or crustam obduco : 
 V. TO INCRUST. II. To become c.d: 
 *crustam ducere, crustari, crustA ob- 
 duci. 
 
 crustaceous: cmstStus. c. animals, 
 crustata, orum, Plin. (M. L. crustacea.) 
 
 crustily : amare, stomachose . T. 
 
 ANGRILY, PEEVISHLY. 
 
 crustiness: amarltudo, acerbitas: 
 
 V. PEEVISHNESS, ILL-TEMPEE. 
 
 crusty : I. L i t. : as bread : crug- 
 tiilatus, Spait. ; crustosus, Plin. (both = 
 covered mth a crust). ||, lU-tem- 
 
 per&l: cerebrosus, Hor. S. I, 5, 21; v. 
 
 ILL TEMPERED, PEEVISH. 
 
 crutch: baciilum. tZiffiW. bacillum; 
 
 bacillus : V. STICK. 
 
 cry (f) ■■ I. To utter a loud voice, for 
 whatever purpose : clamo. clamito ; ex- 
 clamo, etc : v. to cry out. ||, As a 
 aier, or herald: 1. praedico, i : to 
 cry or give notice of a sale, auctionem 
 p., PI. : to c. publicly, pulam p., Cic. : v. 
 PROCLAIM. 2. clamito, I (of vendors 
 crying things for sale): to c. figs of 
 Caunus, Caiineas c, Cic. Phr.: to cry 
 baggage (of soldiers preparing to break 
 up a camp), vasa conclamare, Caes. : 
 simly, to cry the .•Saturnalia (which was 
 done with the shout, " lo Saturnalia,"), 
 Saturnalia clamare, Liv. 22, I. |||, 
 To weep : esp. of children • 1. fleo, 
 lacrimo ■ v. to weep. 2. (of infants 
 only) vagio, 4: the sound of a child 
 c.uig, vox pueri vagientis, Ter. : to c. 
 in a cradle (be an infant), in cunis v., 
 Cic. 3. vagitnm edere. Quint. 
 
 — down : 1. detrecto, i (to dis- 
 parage): inc. down the ancient orators, 
 d. aniiquusoratures, Tac: also wiihdat,: 
 Suet. 2. dGtiaho, xi, ctum, } (foil, 
 by de and all.) : v. to detract from, 
 DISPARAGE. 3. vitupero, I ; to c. 
 down pliilosophy in general, universam 
 philosopbiam v., Cic. v. to censure, 
 depreciate. 
 
 — out : 1. clamo, I to c. out to 
 any one from the street, aiicui de via c, 
 Ter. : also, ad aliqnem c. Cat. : Ov. 
 less freq. with ace, to c. out to a door- 
 keeper, janitorem c, PI. : to c. out well 
 donel bene, pulchre, rectec, Hor. Fre- 
 quent, clamito, I (to cry o'atrepeatedly): 
 c.ing out again and again that he was 
 a freeman, clamitans se liberum esse, 
 Cic. : to c. out " Tiberius into the Tiber," 
 Tiberlura in Tiberim c, Tac. 2. ex- 
 clamo, 1 : V. TO exclaim. 3. vocif 6ror, 
 I (to c. cdoud) : to c. out publicly, v. 
 palam, Cic. : foil, by ace. and inf. : 
 Cic. : Liv. 
 
 — out against: 1. accismo, i 
 
 (with dat.) : / have no fear of your 
 c.ihg out against me, non metuo no 
 mihi aeclanKtis, Cic (In later wTiters 
 in good sense: Tac.) 2. clamito, I 
 (absol.) ; Tac. (cf. preced. art. ad fln.\ 
 3, reclaTno, 1 (esp. to cry out 
 against something said: with dat. or 
 ai>.ol.): his speich was greatly c.'d out 
 against by all, ejus orationi vehementer 
 ab omnibus reclamatum est, Cic Fam. 
 I, 2, med.: all tlie dicasts c.'d out 
 against his taking an oath omnes ju- 
 dices, ne juraret reclamasse, Cic. 4. 
 iuclamo, i (with ace); PL : v. foil. art. 
 
 — out to: 1. inclamo, i (with 
 occ. or dat.) : to c. out to a person again 
 an>i again, aliquem in. semel ac saepius, 
 Cic. : he cs out to the Curiatii to render 
 a.-<sistance, inclamat Curiatiis ut opem 
 ferant, Liv. 2. imploro, i- v. TO im- 
 plore. 3. appello, I v. TO APPEAL TO. 
 
 — UP : 1. vendito, I . toe. up 
 peace, pacem v., Liv. : to c. up one's own 
 servves, suam operam v., Liv. : / have 
 c.'d you up strongly, valde te venditavi, 
 Cic. In same sense vendo (rare) ■ Hor. 
 
 2. praedico, i (with occ; ace. and 
 inf. ; de and abl.) : v. to boast. Phr.: 
 to c. up one's own services, benefacta sua 
 verbis adomare, Plin. Ep. : v. to extol. 
 cry (subs.) : \. A loud or vehe7nent 
 exclamation : 1. clamor Jo utter a 
 c., c edere, Cic. ; also c. toUere (to raise 
 a c), c profundere (to pour forth a c.X 
 Cic : with loud c s, magno claraore, 
 Phaedr. ; magnis clamoribus. Suet. : v. 
 exclamation, acclamation. 2. ^ox, 
 vocis,/. : the c.s of huntsman, venantum 
 voces. Phaedr.: he pours forth such C* 
 to heaven, tales effundit ad aethera v., 
 Virg. V voice, shout. 3. accla- 
 matio (in Cic. usu. of cs of disapprx^M-
 
 CRYI N O 
 
 CULPABI1.ITY 
 
 CULTURE 
 
 lion: more fuUj, adversa populi ac, 
 de Or. J, 8f, jjg): v. outcbv. 4. o"- 
 clamatio (of a number of persons to- 
 gether : not in Cic.) .- with tears and c.s 
 (of soldiers), lacrimis et c, Tac. : Suet. 
 
 5. vocifjratio (o loud c, whether 
 of one or mure: only in sing.): Cic: 
 the c. of a uoman, mullebris v., Auct. 
 ad Her. : with tears and c.s, lacrimis et 
 voclferatione, Petr. 6. conviciuni : 
 V. OUTCRY. Phr. : to raise a c. (of a 
 number), conclamo : v. to crv (11.); 
 and supr. (1): to raise the c. "to 
 arms ! " (homines) ad arraa coucitiin', 
 Hor. II. Of a crier or vendor : prO- 
 nuntiatio, praeconium; v. proclama- 
 tion. III. Of infants: 1. vagitus, 
 as (the natural c. of infancy) : Plin. 
 
 2. ploratus, us (implying distress) : 
 to stop the c. of an infant, p. infanlis 
 cohibere, Plln. Join vagitus et plo- 
 ratus. Pliii. 7, pref. 3. qutrilatus, 
 tts : Plin. Hp. IV. Of distress : 1. 
 ploratus: the c.s of women, mulierum 
 ploraius (pi.), Liv. : Cic. (poet). 2. 
 clamor (applicable to any loud c.) : v. 
 supr. (1. 1). 3. vociferatiojo U)ud c.) : 
 V. supr. (I. 5). 4. ejulatus, lis (a 
 melancholy «., a wail) : v. lamenta- 
 tion. 5. qiiiritatio (a plaintivK c.) : 
 Liv. : also, quiritalus, us : Plin. Ep. : 
 Val. Mux. 
 
 crying (odj.): i. e. notorious, fla- 
 grant : perh. ngfarius, nfifandua : v. 
 
 ABOMINABLK, ATROCIOUS. 
 
 CITStal {subs.): crystallus or crys- 
 tallum : Plin. : Sen. : see also glas.s. 
 
 crystal (<«yO •• I. !'•'■: ""o*/* "/ 
 c. : crystallinus. Plin. In pi. wxA subs., 
 crystallina, orum, vessels of c, Plin. In 
 this sense also crystalla. Mart.; and in 
 sing, crystallus, Prop. ||. K ig. : clear 
 as crystal: 1. vitreus (lit. glassy): 
 c. ivater, v. unda, Virg. : c. sea, v. ponius, 
 Hor. 2. pellucidus: v. CLE A u, trans- 
 parent. 
 
 crystalline : I. of crystal .- crys- 
 tallinus : V. preced. art. ||. The c. 
 lens (of the eye) : *crystallinus oculi 
 h\mior ; himior transluceus quam pro.x- 
 ima cryatalli similitudine (Kr. and <t., 
 based on Plin. j6, 23, 67) : but the latter 
 expr. is too cumbrous for scientific 
 language. 
 
 crystallization : *crystallizatio (ne- 
 cessary as scient. t. t. : Kr.) : Q. gives 
 congelatio, but (?). 
 
 crystallize: I. Trans.: *cryst- 
 allizo (as t. t.) : less precisely, concflo, 
 I (cf. Ov. M. i;, 415): or by circnul., 
 *ad crystalli naturam confomiare, inut- 
 are. ||, In trans.: 1. *cry^tal- 
 lizor, I : V. supr. 2. congSlo, diir- 
 esco : cf. Ov. 1. c. 3. in crystallum 
 abire. formari (Kr.). 
 
 cub (subs.): catiilus (the young of 
 quadrupeds in general) : Hor. : Virg. : 
 Plin. 
 
 cub ("■)■■ '• e- !>"n^ forth cubs: 
 pario, peperi, partum, } : v. to bring 
 FORTH. Adj., that is about to c, or has 
 recently drnie so, feta, Viig. : Ov. 
 
 cube (s"&«) ■■ I. The solid figure : 
 
 I. ciibus: Vitr. 2. quaiiranlal, 
 alis, n. : (iell. 3. tessera (a small c 
 far playing at dice) : Cic. : Ov. : v. dick. 
 
 II, In arithmetic: a c. number: 
 cubus. Gell. 
 
 cSbicali'^"''''^""^"^- 
 
 cubit: cubitum. Plin.: Cic. Adj., a 
 c. in lingth, cfibitalis, e, Liv.: Plin. 
 
 cuckold (subs.): curruca: Juv. 6, 
 276 (but the word is doubtful) : or by 
 cireunil., *mariiiis conjugis adulterio 
 turpiter elusus (Kr.). 
 
 cuckold ("■) •• * virum (maritum) 
 contrectata u.xore turpiter ludlfic:iri. 
 
 cuckoo : 1. coccy.x, fRis, m. : 
 
 Plin. 2. cuculus : Hor. I'liii. (with 
 penult, short, Auct. Carm. Phil.). 
 
 cuckoo - flower : cardamina, ae : 
 Apul. (*c. pratensis, Withering). 
 
 cuckoo-pint: arum (Withering). 
 
 cucumber : I. cucumis, is, or 
 6ris, m. ; Virg.: Plin.: the s<iuirting c, 
 sylvestris c, Plin. 2. vitis, viticula 
 (pf the branches of the c. vine) : Pall. 
 
 cucurbit: cucurbita: v. GOURD : a 
 c. planter, cucurbitarius: Hler. : like a 
 c, cucurbitinus, Plin. 
 
 cud: I. The part of the neck or 
 throat where ruminant animals chew 
 their food: ruma; ninien. inis, n.: 
 Fest. : Arnob. ||. The food so chewed : 
 chiefly in phr. to chew the c. : 1. ru- 
 mino, I : Plin. : Col. (more fully, r. 
 gutture, Paul. Nol.). Theactof chenivg 
 the c, ruminatio, Plin. : animals which 
 chew the c. runiinalores, Amob. 2. 
 rgmando, di, sum, j: Plin. |||. In 
 fig. sense : in phr. to chew the c. (of 
 thought, metiitalion) : 1. rumino, ru- 
 minor: v. to ruminate. Better perh.; 
 2. cdquo, .xi, ctum, J (to digest in 
 the mind) : cf. Stat. Theb. 2, joo : 
 " trucem coquebat invidiam." 3. 
 
 agilo, I : v. to brood over. 
 
 cudgel (subs.) : 1. fustis, is, m. 
 (esp. for beating) : mauled u-ith c.s and 
 clubs, male mulcatus fustibus et clavls, 
 Cic. : V. foil. art. : to split a head open 
 with a c, caput aperire fuste, Juv. : a 
 willow c, salignus f., Hor. 2. ba- 
 culum, bacillum ; bacilus (esp. for 
 walking) : v. stick, staff. 
 
 cudgel ("•)•' fuste, fustibus verberare, 
 mulcare, Cic. ; f. dolare, Hor. : to c. any- 
 body's head well, implere fustibus caput 
 alicujus, PI. : V. TO beat, FLOO. (N.B. — 
 Fustigo is without good authority.) 
 
 cudgelling: ^^pr. with fustis (v. 
 preced. art.) : death by c, supplicium 
 fustiarium, Inscr. 
 
 cue : I. The last word or words 
 of a speech on the stage : perh. verbum 
 monitorium, verba monitoria (monitor 
 is used to signify a prompter in a 
 theatre, Fest.). ||. A hint : nutus, 
 signum, indicium: v. hint. Phr.: to 
 give a c. : intiuo, ui, } : when 1 give you 
 your c, ubi ego innuero vobis. PI. : if I 
 give the c, hit him on the face in a 
 moment, ne mora sit si innuerim, quin 
 pugmis in mala haereat, PI. : v. beckon, 
 KOD. III. The part to be played: 
 
 partes : v. part. |V. Humour, dis- 
 position (colloq.) : Phr.: / am not in 
 the c, *non ita raihi nunc libet; aliud 
 ago: v. humour. V, For billiards: 
 perh. clavula lusoria. 
 
 CufFCs"''*) •■ I. -4 blow : colaphus, 
 iilapa (a slap) : v. blow. ||, (f a 
 sleere : * extrema manica : v. hand- 
 cuff. 
 
 cuff ("■) •■ colaphum nlicui ducere, 
 Quint. ; incutere, Juv. : v. to buffet, 
 
 BO.X. 
 
 cuirass : lorica, thorax, cataphractes : 
 
 V. COKSLKT. 
 
 cuirassier : 1. eques lorlcatus : 
 Liv. :Lan)pr. 2. citaphractus, Liv. : 
 Prop. 3. cataphractarius : Lampr. 
 
 culinary : 1. coqulnarius : the c. 
 art, ars c, Apic. : c. vessels, vasa c, 
 Plin. 2. cQllnarius: Front. Phr.: 
 the c. art, scientia popinae. Liv. 
 
 cull : l^go, carpo, decerpo : v. to 
 pluck, gaiher. Fig.: to c. oil the liest 
 things from various characters, ex va- 
 riis ingeniis excellentissima quaeque 
 libare (lit. to sip), Cic. 
 
 culm : CUlmUS : V. HAULM. 
 
 culminate: <'xpr. by (summum) 
 fastigiuni, summum: as, eloquence is at 
 its c ing point, oratorum laus venit ad 
 summum, Cic: / ack-n owl edge that he 
 (Cicero) is the c.ivg point (in Uoman 
 oratory), stctissein fasligio fateor. Quint. 
 12, I, 20: simly, in summum t. evehl, 
 Veil. Phr.: konwn eloquenre c.d in 
 Cicero and his contempoiaries. quicquiil 
 Romana eloquentia habuit, circji Cicero- 
 nem effloruit, Veil, (but the expr. are not 
 quite parallel) : to reacli the c.ing point, 
 summa, summum locum, consequi (based 
 on Plin. jun."). 
 
 culminating (adj.) : chiefly in phr. 
 c. point, fastigium : v. preced. art. 
 
 culmination : fastigium ; grudus 
 suumius ; summum or siuuma (pi.) ; v. 
 to culminate. 
 
 culpability : expr. by adj. or 
 verb : as. tliere is no doubt of the great 
 c. of sucli conduct, •iion est dubium 
 quin baec veliementer culpanda, or 
 
 culpabilia (rare), sint ; culpae danda 
 him. Often culpa is sufficient : as, to 
 be free from c, culpa carere, Cic. : ▼, 
 blame. 
 
 culpable : 1. culpandus (ger. 
 
 part.): this is by no means c, *miiiime 
 baec sunt culpanda: v. to blame. 2. 
 culpabills, e (not class): to pronounce 
 anything c, aliquid c. judicare, Amob. : 
 Apul. 3. nOcens, nils: v. guiitt. 
 4. expr. by dat. of culpa (see 
 L. G. 5 J97): to pronounce anything c, 
 aliquid allcul culpae dare, Cic. : v. to im- 
 pute. Also with In culpa: as, to be c, 
 in culpa esse, Cic. ; riof to be c, abegse 
 a culpa, carere culpa, etc., Cic: v. 
 blame. 
 
 culprit: I. -A person arraigned in 
 court (rare in this sense): reus, rea: v. 
 ACCUSED. II. A person convicted of a 
 crime : nOiens, noxius : v. guiltv, 
 ckiminal. 
 
 cultivate: 1. <^^o, ui, oitum, j 
 
 (in all senses) : to c. land, agros c, Cic. : 
 to c. the vine, vitem c, Cic. : ta c. the 
 mitid by means of litteral studies, pectus 
 ingenuas per artes c, Ov. ■ to c. virttie, 
 virtuiem c, Cic. : to c. the liberal arts, 
 artes liberales c. Suet. : to c.Jriendship 
 (in the atetraci), anili Itiam c, Cic. : but 
 to c. a per:<on's afTection or regard, 
 colere aliquem (without aniicitia). 2. 
 excolo, } (to c. carefully or eUgantly ; 
 hence rarely of land except in poet.) : 
 the memory is strengthened by c.ing it, 
 memoria excolendo augetur. Quint. : to 
 c. (and refine) the mind by learning, 
 animos doctrina ex., Cic (Kare except 
 in this fig. use.) 3. r6c61o (10 c. over 
 again) : to c. a deserted land once more, 
 desertam terram r., Liv. (But Cic. would 
 probably have rather said rursus colere.) 
 4. aro, I : V. TO farm. 5. ex- 
 erceo, 2 (gen. term for to work, employ): 
 to c. the ground for a harvest, bumum 
 ex. in messem, Virg. ; to c. vineyards, 
 plantations, plains, vineas, arbusta, 
 campos curare et ex., Plin. : v. to e.\- 
 ERCiSE. 6. f*5veo, 2 : V. TO cherish, 
 FOSTER. Phr.: to c. industriously the 
 soil, terram moliri, Virg.: / c. the study 
 of Greek literature, multum Graecl» 
 Uteris utor, Cic. : to c. a beard, barbam 
 pascere, Hor. : to c. any one's good graces, 
 gratiam alicujus sequi, Caes. ; fovere, 
 Tac. 
 
 cultivated (j^rt. adj.) : Phr.: pos- 
 sessing a c. mind, doctrina liberaliter 
 instiiutus, omnibus iiigenuis artibus in- 
 structus, Cic: a c. lady, femlna docta 
 atque polita, Plin. Ep. : v. accom- 
 plished. 
 
 cultivation : 1. cuUiira : the c. 
 of the soil, agri c, Cic. : the c. of the 
 vine, vitis c, Cic. Fig.: (he c. of the 
 mind is philo.i(^hy, c. animi philos(>phia 
 est, Cic 2. cultus, us: the c. of 
 _/1«'Wj!, agrorum c, Cic. Fig.: the c. of 
 the mind, iinimi c, Cic. 3. cultio 
 (rare, and only lit.): Cic Phr.: 
 fields subject to c, arva obnoxia curae, 
 Virg. : the c. of the soil, aKricolallo, C<il. ; 
 also molitio terrae (implying effort and 
 industry). Col.: u-ithout c, sponte sua 
 (of trees growing naturally), Virg. ; 
 suopte ingenio (by their onn notitv 
 force; of soils). Sail.; nuUo cultn, 
 Virg. Fig.: the memory is strength- 
 ened by c, memoria excolendo (exer- 
 cendo) augetur. Quint, t/.e c. ofliteia- 
 ture, liierarum tract atio, Cic : to allow 
 the inlilkit ti' beanne inactive from nant 
 of c. iiigeiiiiim incultu (only In abl.) 
 torpi-scere sinere, Cic: Sail.: v. cul- 
 ture, STUKV. 
 
 cultivator: l. cuitor (usu. with 
 terrae or agrorum, unless the context 
 renders it unnecessary) ■ Cic. : Liv. 
 
 2, colens (esp. in pi.) .■ s<-e verb. 
 
 3. colonus: v. husbani'Man. 
 culture: I. I' it.: thecoltiiation 
 
 of the soil, lultura, cultus v. cultiva- 
 tion. II. Fig.: 0/ the mind: cult- 
 ura or cultus animi. Cic. v. culti- 
 vation (esp. phr.). Phr.: a stratger 
 to c, imperitus, rerum omnium nidig 
 ignarusque. Cic; studiis rudis, Vill.; 
 rudis art ium, Liv, 
 
 115
 
 CULVERT 
 
 Ctr RDIiE 
 
 CURIOSITY 
 
 culvert : cl6aca : V. SEWER. 
 cumber: gravo, Impedio, 6n5ro: ▼. 
 
 TO EKCCMBER, BURDEN. 
 
 CUmberer: perh. only in phr.c.sof 
 the ground (from Luke xiii. T), perb. 
 nnmerus, fruges consuraere natl, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 2, i-j. 
 
 cumbersome, cumbrous : 1- 
 
 inhabilis, e : a ship of an almost c size, 
 navis in. prope magnitudinis, Liv : c. 
 masses of huge bodies (of elephants), 
 in. vastorum corporum moles. Curt. 
 2. praegravis, e (i. e. too heavy) : 
 Ov. : Plin. P h r. harrows of c. weight, 
 iniquo pondere rastri, Virg. : a c. or 
 laboured delivery, proiiuntiatio molesta 
 gesticulationibus, Quint. 
 
 cumbrance; v. encumbrance. 
 
 CUmbrously: incommode: V. IN- 
 CONVENIENTLY. But often nimis or 
 some other intensive word is enough : 
 as, c. tieavy sirords, gladii nimis graves 
 or praegraves (enormes, Tac. Agr. j6) 
 a c. large vessel, *navis propter nimiam 
 magnitudinem inhabilis. 
 
 Cumbrousness : inhabilis magni- 
 tude, inhabile pondus; v. cumbrous, un- 
 wieldy. 
 
 CUmmiu : ctiminum . Hor. ; Plin. : 
 c. oil, oleum cumininum, Apul. 
 
 cumulate* etc.: v. accumulate, 
 etc. 
 
 cumulative: of arguments: Phr. : 
 these arguments, though srparately -u-eak, 
 yet have a c. force, *haec elsi singula 
 minus valent, attamen universa rem 
 confirmant. 
 
 cuneiform; cuneatus: Liv. : Col. 
 
 cunniug (fldj): 1. callidus (the 
 most gen. term : also in good sense, v. 
 SKILFUL) : a c. thief, c. fur. Mart. 
 Join: versuti homines et callidi, Cic. 
 c. atque suijiiolus, PI. 2. dOlosus 
 (full of wiles): v. wilt. 3. astdtus, 
 argutUR: v. ARTFUL, SLT. 4. vafer, 
 fra, frum {tricky, ingenious, artful) : c. 
 art, V. ars, Mart. : Hor. 5. versutus 
 (sharp, quick-witted) : Cic. (v. supr.) : 
 Veil 6. subdftlus, cautus; v. sly. 
 See also subtle, shrewd. Phr.: a c. 
 fellow, veterator : Ter. 
 
 cunning (subs.) ■. 1. callidltas 
 
 (perh. oftener in good sense : v. skil- 
 FULNESS): c. rather than tcis-lom, c. 
 potius quam sapientia, Cic. Also in 
 pi. = cunning tricks, Ter. 2. as- 
 
 tutia (slyness : q. v.) . Cic. Join: 
 maiitia atque astutia (roguishness and 
 c), Ter. 3. astus, us (rare, except 
 in abl. sing, and ace. pi.) ; v. craft. 
 4. ars, artis, /. (in this sense 
 chiefly poet.) : Felasgic art or c, Pe- 
 lasga a., Virg. : Ov. 5. ddlus (a wiU, 
 stratagem : q. v.) : c. or open valour, d. 
 an virtus, Virg. 6. vafritia (sublilty ; 
 T. rare) : tien. 
 
 CUP (subs.): I. A drinking vessel: 
 1, pociilum (the usual word) : to 
 drink out of the same c. (have the same 
 fate), eodem p. blbere, PI. : to drain a 
 c. dry, p. exhaurire, Cic; p. siccare, 
 Hor. Dimin. pociilum, Liv. 2. ialix, 
 icis, TO. (not calyx) : all the pots and c.s, 
 aulae cque omnes, PI. : a c. of mead, c. 
 mulsi, Cic. ; to drink off a c. to any one, 
 propinare alicui c. Mart. 3. scypbus. 
 i (only poet.) : c.s made jor mirth, nati 
 in usum laetiliae s., Hor. 4. can- 
 tharus (udth )iandles) : Hor. 5. cul- 
 ullus • Hor. (N.B. — Cyathus is not a 
 drinking-cup. but a small vessel used by 
 the cupbearer for mixing : Hor.) Phr.. 
 over lite cs (1. e. while at table), in 
 poculis, Cic. : sober or in our c.s, sicci, 
 uvidi, Hor. . after one's cs, or when in 
 one's cs, post vina, id. ||, Fig.; in 
 such phr. as the c. of misfortune, etc. 
 (cf. supr. 1) may sometimes be expr. 
 by exantlo (exanclo), exhaurio: as, 
 to drink the full c. of misery, omnes 
 mlseri.is exantlare, cf Cic. Tusc. 1,49, 
 
 118; they have drunk deep enough of 
 the c. of vengeance, poenarum satis ex- 
 haustumest, Virg. Aen. 9, 556. |||, A 
 Jiower-cup : 1. calyx, ycis, m. (app. 
 used by Plin. both of the calyx and 
 the "cup" of the flower itself: v. 21. 5, 
 11). M. L. Dimin. calycalus, Plin. 
 I -36 
 
 2. acetabulum (strictly a vinegar- 
 CMp):'Plin. 26, 8, J7. 
 
 cup ("■) ■' in surgery ; cucurbitam or 
 cucurbitulam corpori imponere, imprim- 
 ere.aptare ; cucurbitulas adhibere (absol. 
 to make use of cupping) Cels. 
 
 cupbearer: 1. expr. with cy- 
 athus (V. cuH, I. fin.): to be c, ad cy- 
 athum et vinum stare. Suet. Caes. 49 ; 
 ad c. statui, Hor. ; worthy to be made c, 
 dignus cyatbo, Juv. More precisely, 
 minister or servus a cyatho, Insur. 2. 
 pocillator: Apul. 3. pincerna (ijr. 
 TriYKe'pnjs) : Lampr. Phr.: to act as 
 c, alicui pocula ministrare, blbere min- 
 istrare, Cic. Tusc. i, 26, 6; 
 
 cupboard : armarium (often, but not 
 always, attached to walls) : Cic. : Plin. 
 Dimin. armariolum, PI. 
 
 CUpid C""^ ^«-ff<"*) •■ l,.Cupido, 
 inis, m. : Cic. . Hor. 2. Amor : v. 
 LOVE. Cs arrows (Cupidinis) ardenles 
 sagittae, Hor.; s. Cupidineae, Ov. 
 
 cupidity: ciipiditas: V. covETOUS- 
 
 NESS. 
 
 cupola: 1. petasus; Plin. 2. 
 tholus: Vitr. : Virg. 
 
 cupping (subs.) : cQcurbitatio : Coel. 
 Aur. 
 
 cupping-glass : cucurWta, cucur- 
 bitula: V. to cup. 
 
 cur: canis: v. hound. 
 
 curable : 1. medicabilis. e ; c.by 
 
 our art, nostra m. arte, Ov. : lone is c. by 
 
 no simples, nuUis amor est m. herbis,Ov. 
 
 2. sanabilis, e : a c. wound, s. 
 
 vulnus, Ov. . Cic: Sen. 
 
 CUraC7 ; * curia : V. Du Cange, 
 s. v. 
 
 ClAiate." sacerdos, *curator, curatus, 
 ctirio prcfihvter, 6ri : v. I)u Cange, 
 s. vv. : or 'ji modem sense •vicarius 
 presbylen. 
 
 curative : medicabilis, e (more usu. 
 In pass, sense) c. juice, m. succus: Col.; 
 Pall. 
 
 curator: curiitor (gen. term): and 
 let the aediles be the cs of the city, 
 suntoque aediles c. urbis, Vet. leg. ap. 
 Cic. Leg. }, }. Adj. curatorius: Modest. 
 Phr.- to be c. curam administrare ali- 
 cujus rei, Ulp. : c of a library, [servus] 
 a bibliothecis, Inscr. . to bee. of a library, 
 bibliothecae praeesse. Suet.; v. libra 
 RiAN : c. of the corn-market, praefectus 
 annonae, Liv. : v, overseer. The Cu- 
 rator in the Roman law was a guardian 
 or trustee- v Smith's Ant. J75. 
 
 curb (subs.): I. For a hwse : 
 frenum (pi. -i, or -a): v. bit. Very 
 often f i g. : to put a c. upon licence. 
 frena licentiae lA)icere, Hor.; put a c. 
 and a limit to your anger, pone irae 
 frena modumquc, Juv. ; to keep plea- 
 surei under a c, voluptates sub freno 
 tenere. Sen., v. bridle. ||, A low 
 wall or rim: 1. crSpido, Inis, /. : 
 Varr. 2. margo, Inls, c. : Varr. 
 (Hoth words used esp. of hanks or 
 breakuaters of stone designed to confine 
 water.) 
 curb (»■) •■ rare except in fig. sense ; 
 
 1, freno, refreno, infreno, i : v. to 
 BRiTDLE . to c hoTses, equos r.. Curt 
 Fig.: to c. the v'aters, aquas r., Ov. : 
 to c sensual desires, libidines r., Cic. 
 
 2. compesco, pescui, j : to c a 
 horse, equum c, Tib. Fig.: c. thou 
 thine anger with bit and chain, hunc 
 (animun^ frenis, hunc tu compesce 
 catena, Hor. Kp. 1, 2, 67. 3. cftercco, 
 2 : to c the foaming mouth (of steeds), 
 spumantia ora c. Ov. Fig.: toe. de- 
 sires, c. cupiditates, Cic. 4. com- 
 primo, pressi, pressum, j ; v. to check, 
 restrain. 5. contlneo, ui, tentum, 
 2 (to hold in or together) : to c.a nation 
 by arms, by terror, (gentem) armis, ter- 
 rore (allquo) c, Liv. 6. cOhibeo, 2 : 
 
 V. to RESTItAIN. 
 
 curb-stone ; (?) crSpido, inis, /. .- v. 
 
 CURB (Jin.). 
 
 curd : cCagiilum : Plin. : curds, oxj?- 
 gaia, ae : Col. (also neut., Plin.), 
 
 curdle: I. Trans.: 1. c6- 
 agiilo, I . balsam cs milk, balsamum 
 lac c, Plln. 2. cogo, cOegi. cdactum, 
 J . toe. milk with rennet <f himb or kid, 
 
 lac c. agni aut hoedi coag-jlo. Col. ; 
 Plin. 3. contraho, xi, ctum, j . fg- 
 juice cs milk like rennet, fici sucos 
 coaguli modo lac c, Plin. 4, con- 
 gglo, i: Col. II. Intrans.: both 
 lit. and fig.; 1. c6eo, ivi, and ii, 
 Ttum, 4 ; that the milk may c, ut coeat 
 lac, Varr. ; my icy blood cs with fear, 
 gelidus c. formidine sanguis, Virg. 2. 
 concresco, crevi, cretum, j : the milk 
 has c.d, concrevit liquor. Col. : the icy 
 blood c.s with cold, gelidus c. frigore 
 sanguis, Virg. 3. derigesco, rigui, j 
 (only fig.) : his blood c.d, deriguit san- 
 guis, Virg. 
 
 CnrA.\eA(j>art.adj.): 1. coagiila- 
 tus: Plin. 2. concretus: Virg. 3. 
 
 cSaOtUS Ov. ; V. CURDLE. 
 
 curdling (subs.): coagiilatio: Plin. 
 Anytliing used for c, coagiilum ■ Col. : 
 Plin. 
 
 curdy : *speciem babens lactis coag- 
 
 Ulati : V. CURDLED. 
 
 cure (swbs.) : \, The act OT result of 
 curing : 1, sanatio : the c. or c.-wip 
 of bodies, corporum s., Cic. Fig.: the 
 c of evils, s. maloruni, id. 2. sanltas 
 (lit. soundness, health) : physic promises 
 a c. to the sick, s. aegris mediciiia pro- 
 mittit, Cels. : with the c. of the bone the 
 pain ceases, sanitate ossls dolor finitur, 
 Cels. : urtil the treatment ended in a c, 
 ad s. dum venit curatio, Phaedr. 5, 8, 1 2. 
 (N.B.— Not cura or curatio, both of 
 which denote treatment, whether result- 
 ing in a cure or not : cf. Veil. 2, 12J - 
 "cum omnem curam fata vincerent" sc. 
 morte Augusti.) 3. Expr. by verb: 
 as, the c. of these diseases is more difii- 
 cult, *difficilius hi sanantur morbi, etc. 
 (see verb). ||. That uhich cures : 
 rgmedium: v. remedy. Phr.; the root 
 is an excellent cfor colic, dysury, radix 
 coeliacis, ad difiBcultatem urinae prae- 
 clare facit, Plin. 
 
 cure (»•) •■ \. To remedy : 1, 
 euro, I (strictly to treat medically ; but 
 also to cure) : until the general's wound 
 H-as c.d, dum vulnus ducis curaretur, 
 Liv. 21, 8 : to c. diseases, morbos c, 
 Cels. Hence perciiro, i ; toe. com- 
 pletely: Liv.. Sen. 2. medeor, 2 
 (with dat.): to c. the eyes, oculis m., 
 Plin. : to c a disease, morbo m., Cic 
 Fig.: to c an evil, malo m., Cic. 3. 
 sano, I (to make whole or sound : with 
 ace.).- V. TO heal. 4. mSdicor, i : v. to 
 doctor. 5. (of a medicine) 13cio, j . 
 v.cvRE, subs. (fin.). Phr.: what can't 
 be c.d must be endured, levins fit pa- 
 tientia quodcunque corrigere est nefas, 
 Hor. II. To preserve by pickling: 
 saiio, sale condio : v. to salt. 
 
 curfew-bell : *campaiia vespertina 
 (Kr.). 
 
 curiosity: I. fnquisiliveness : 1. 
 curiositas, 5 (v. rape: in Cic. only once, 
 in a colloquial passage : v. infr.) : / 
 am in c. shai-p-stt, sum in curiositate 
 ofuweifo?, Cic. Att. 2, 1 2 : Gell. 2. 
 
 exspectatio (as feeling entertained where 
 information is hoped for) : what c. you 
 have caused me, quantam ex. mihi de- 
 disti, Cic. ; Varro's speech excites Caesar's 
 c, Varronis sermo facit ex. Caesaris, 
 Cic. . we also find in (summam) ex. ad- 
 ducere, Id. ; ex. alicujus excitare, Plin. 
 Ep. (V. infr. Phr.) : / am full of c. 
 about Pompeius, plenus sum exspecta- 
 tlone de Pompeio, Cic. 3. cura (where 
 the context determines the meaning); 
 ivith the c. natural to the human mind, 
 cur& humani ingenii. Liv. 24, 22, med. 
 (in telling the same story, Cic ba£ 
 elatus cuplditate, iJiv. i, 24,9). 4. 
 
 stiidium ; with some defining word ; 
 as, s. videndi, an eager c to see some- 
 thing ; s. veri reperiendi, on eager c. 
 for discowring tine truth, Cic. : v. de- 
 sire, EAGERNF.SS. 5. CUpidO, InJS, USU. 
 /. (with some defining word: esp. of 
 unlawful c.) ; mala cupido (visendi), 
 Tac. . he had been seized by a strong c. to 
 visit Ethiopia, c. incesserat .... Aethi- 
 opiam invisere. Curt. Phr.: full of 
 antiquarian (or historical) e., cognos- 
 cendae vetustatis avidus. Curt. . to excite 
 the c. (of a listenei), aiires allciuus erig-
 
 CURIOUS 
 
 CUR RENT 
 
 CURSE 
 
 ere, Plin. Ep. (Cic. has simply erigere 
 auditorem ; and explains erigere aures 
 as=:attente audire); prompted 6.7 c, 
 videndl causa, Cic. : studioso auinio, Plin. 
 Ep. II, An object of curiosity: 1. 
 res rara visa, inventu, Plin. : or simply 
 res rara : rara avis in terrls (o c. stldom 
 tobenw-t with), Juv. 6, 165. 2. i-^spr. 
 by mirat'ulum : to be regarded as a c, 
 esse in miraculo, Plin. 9, 8, 8 : a tree that 
 was sxtch a c. (for its size), lani digiia 
 miraculo, id. : w/r did I ever see a 
 greater c, nee quicquara majure mira- 
 culo aspexi, Id. 27, II, 74. 3. mirabilis, 
 mirus (adj.) : tlifre is no grfoler c, nihil 
 est mirabilius, Plin. : v. wondkkful. 
 
 curious : I. Desirous (of know- 
 ing, etc.) : 1. ciiriosus (both in good 
 and bad sense ; but usu. signilying care- 
 ful inijuiry, not mere curiosity : as, c. 
 In historla, careful in the collection iij 
 KisU/rical facts, Cic. I'usc. I, 4;, ic8) : 
 c. (carefulli/ prying) eyes, c. oculi, Cic. 
 2. avidus, ciipidus, stiidlosus (with 
 a defining genitive) : c. to hear, cupidus 
 audiendi, Cic. : c. about ancient history, 
 vetustatis (antiquitatis) cognosceiidae 
 avidus. Curt. ; also with abt. in cog- 
 noscenda rerum iiatura cupidus, Cic 
 Phr. : / am c. to see (or make trial), 
 libet experlri, Liv. : / am c. to know by 
 what means so great a force can tie 
 raised, me exspectatio tenet, quibusnam 
 rationibus ea tanta vis comparetur, Cic. : 
 V. cfRiosiTV. II, Careful : esp. in 
 study: ciiriosus (v. supr. 1), diligens: 
 V. CAREFUL, STLDlons. |||. Wrought 
 
 with care and aii,: \, claboraius. 
 a c. neatness, e. concinnitas, Cic. : v. 
 
 LABOURED, STUDIED. 2. CUrioSUS ■ 
 
 Uie c. felicity of Horace, Horatii c, fell- 
 citas, Petr. |V. ^<i''« •" "" object of 
 curiosity, rarus, mirabills : v. curios- 
 ity (JJ.), BABE, WONDEBFUL. (N.B. Not 
 
 curiosus in this sense : v. supr.) 
 
 curiously ; I. inquisitively, atten- 
 tively : 1, curiose : to enquire c. (\. e. 
 with care), c. conquirere. Cic. : Suet. 
 2. curlosls oculis ^e. g. perspicere, 
 animadvertere) • v. cuEious (1.). 3. 
 
 avide. ciipide : v. eageblv, carefully, 
 NICELY. 11, With nice care and ait 
 (rare in this sense) : summo anificio, 
 gumma soUertia : v. ingeniously. |||. 
 Jn a singular manner : mirabiUter, 
 miro modo, mirandum in modum, mi- 
 riflce : v. wondebfullt. 
 
 curl ("•)■■ I. Trans. : 1. crispo, 
 I : to c. hair, capillum crispare, Plin. 
 Also concrlspo in same sense: Vilr. 
 2. torqueo, si, turn, 2 (poet.) : to 
 c. hair with irons, capillos ferro t., 0\'. : 
 V. TO TWIST, coil. PhT. : to c. hair 
 with curling-irons, calamistro crines con- 
 vertere, Petr. ; vibrare, Amob. ; ornare 
 (strictly to dres-s it), Varr. ||. J n- 
 trans. : may often be expr. by adj.: 
 as, his hair c.s naturally, *natura coma 
 crispa est ; o person nhose hair c.s, 
 bomo crispus, clncinnatus, Pi. : v. cubly. 
 Or with pass, {reflect.) of crispo : cf. 
 Piin. 29, 4, 26. Of waves, to curl over : 
 *8e crispare atque procuml)ere (?). 
 
 curl (suft.'.) •• 1. clncinnus {an arti- 
 ficial c.) : PI. : Cic. 2. cirrus (strictly 
 3 natural c. or lock: esp. of children) : 
 to dedi ate c.s or loclcs of hair, cirros ad 
 Apollinem ponere, Varr. ap. Non. : v. 
 
 lOCK. 
 
 curled ) 1. cSlamistratus 
 
 curly -headed < O'-ith iron.'!) : c hair, 
 c. coma, Cic: a c. dancer, c. saliator, 
 id. 2. clncinnatus (in ringlets) : a 
 c. debauchee, c. ganeo, Cic. 3. cir- 
 ratus (with curly loclcs) : the siliao!- 
 master's curly-liaiied troop, c. caterva 
 magistri. Mart.: Pers. 4. cri.spus 
 
 (curly, frizzly-haired) : false, artijicial, 
 e. locks, falsi, compositl, c. cincinni, I'l . 
 a c.-luiired man, homo crispus, cincin- 
 natus, id. Capl. }, 4., 114 (where crispus 
 denotes navy curliness of hair; ciiuiii- 
 natus. the nearivg of curls). IHinin. 
 c-r\^>vA\i% some ''hat curly -haired: Marl.: 
 Sen. 5. vibratus (=calamistratus): 
 
 V. TO curl (i.), curly. 
 
 curlew : (?) scolopax, Scls : Plin. 
 (•Sumcnius arquatus, C\'cl.) 
 
 curliness ; expr. 1»y adj. : as 
 remarkable _/>/r the c. of their hair, 
 •cri>p() cmie iiisignes: v. curly. 
 
 curling-iron: 1. calamister, tri, 
 m., also trum, tri, n. : PI. : Cic. 2. 
 
 ferrum, Virg. : v. to cubl. 
 
 curly : crispus . the more c.-leiited 
 mountain maple, acer roonianum Cris- 
 pins, Plin : ttttuce, very c.-leaoMi, lac- 
 tuca crispissinii folii. Col. Dimin. cris- 
 pulus. somewhat c. Mart. : v. curled. 
 
 curmudgeon : parciprOmus ; homo 
 ivarus ; sonlidu^ : v. hiseb, 
 
 currant : I. j''/»< ''«« •■ * nbes 
 rubruin {tlie red c), r. nigrum {the blade 
 c), Cycl. (Grossularla, given by y., is 
 not the currant, but the gooseberry.) 
 II. T/ie fruit : acinus (applicjible 
 either to the currant proper or the cur- 
 rant of commerce, which is a kind of 
 small grape) ; Plin. 
 
 currency: I. General prevalence : 
 expr. with verbs vaieo, vigeo, vivo ; 
 niano, crebresco, percrebresco (of re- 
 ports), etc. : as, other styles of oratory 
 have obtained c. (or become cu)Te?i0.al'a 
 quaedam dicendi genera viguerunt, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 2J, 94 : that particular style 
 obtained c, genus illud dicendi studlum- 
 que vixil, Id. I. c. : this philosopliical 
 system has retained c. down to our 
 times, haec in philo.^ophia ratio usqUe 
 ad nostram viguii aetaieni, id. N. 1). 
 I, !, 11: the report gains c. (becomes 
 current) throughout tite city, manat tola 
 urbe rumor, Liv. : the report having 
 gained c, cum percrebulsset rumor, Liv. 
 Also sometimes expr. by hOnor: as, 
 vords which at present liave c, quae 
 nunc sunt in honore vocabula, Hor. 
 A. P. ■; I : philosophy would never have 
 gained such c. in Greece, in Graecia 
 tanto in honore philosophia nunquam 
 fuisset, Cic. ||. The current coin : 
 
 1. mOneta : the old c. gives place to 
 the new, concedit prisca ni. novae, Ov. K. 
 1, 222 : Cic. : V. corx, MIST. 2, 
 •legitlma not4 signaUi pccunia ; cf. Hor. 
 A. P. 59- 
 
 current ('"y) ■■ I. Oenerally re- 
 ceived: 1, vulgaris, vulgatus: a c. 
 opinion, vulgaris opinio, Cic. : the more 
 c report is, vulgatlor fama est, Liv. ; v. 
 common. Very c, pervulgatus : Cic. 
 
 2. usitatus {in gen. use) : c. words, 
 u. vocabula, Cic. : v. obdinaby. 3, 
 tritus (lit. ireM-itorn) ; Join: usitatior 
 et tritior, Cic. Phr.: to be c, valeo, 
 obtineo : v. to prevail : to become c, 
 mano, crebresco, percrebresco (of re- 
 ports), mano : v. to spread, and preced. 
 art. (I.). II. Of coin: perb. praesente 
 nota signatus, Hor. A. P. 59 : or simply 
 legitimus (i. e. lawful, prescribed by 
 toll'): Phr.: to estimate according to 
 the price c, consuetudine et amiona 
 aestimare. Sen. (tj.). 
 
 current (subs.) : |. L i t. : of water, 
 esp. rivers : 1, Expr. by secundus, 
 adversus {n-ith or against the c): as. 
 to float doiin the c. of a river, fluvio 
 secundo defluere, Virg.: he let his ships 
 follow the c. of the tide, naves marl 
 secundo misit, Liv. 29, ■; : against the 
 c, adverso flumine, Virg. : Caes. (Simly, 
 prona uqua, prono amni, dmmi the c, 
 Virg.) 2. flunien, inis, n. (esp. with 
 some word to give precision) : to lean in 
 the directum of the c, secundum naturam 
 flumiiiis procimibere, Caes. B. G. 4, 17: 
 to resist the violence of the c. contra vim 
 Impetumque fiuminis, id. I. c. : to stem 
 or break the c, vim flunilnis excip^re, 
 ib. : to folUnr the c, fluminl obsfqui. 
 Cic. 3. Expr. by verb : as. to tell 
 the direction of the c, in utram partem 
 fiuat (Arar) jiidlaire, Caes. B G. i. 12: 
 the c.Jbnvs from you to the place where 
 J am drinking, a te decurrlt ad meos 
 haustus liquor, Phaedr. i, i. Phr.; the 
 stronger the ''. mighl be, quo mi^i>r vis 
 aquae se incltiivlsset, Gies. : to swim 
 against the {rapid) c, dirigere brachia 
 contra torrentem, Juv. 4, 89; contra 
 aquam natare, Sen. : to have a surpris- 
 ingly sloia c, incredlbili lenitate fluere, 
 Caes. : liMii agmine fluere, Virg. (p<>et.). 
 II, Of the sea: 1. aesius, us (usu. 
 N 
 
 of tte tides) : against the current. In ad- 
 versum aestnm, Liv. 28, ?o. having tht 
 c. in hit favour (in the Mediterranean), 
 aestu secundo, Sail. ap. GelL 10, 26 • 
 Cic (v. infr.). 2. frftum (of cji in 
 narrow seas) : to be caught in a violent 
 c, rapido In f. deprebendi, Liv.: what 
 shall I say of the c.s, of tlte tides, quid 
 de fretls, de marinis ae^tibus dicam? 
 Cic. : carried out to sea by the c, freto 
 in oceanum evectus, Liv. 28, jo. Ph r. : 
 to get into an cuiverte c, in contrarium 
 tractum Incldere, Liv. I c. |||. Of air: 
 
 1. afflatus, us : a c. of air from the 
 sea, af. maris, af. maritimus, Plin. : Liv. : 
 V. blast. 2. aura {air in motion) : v. 
 BRKE/.K. Phr.: Uiere is alnayt ac. of 
 air, semper aer spiritu aliquo movetur, 
 Plin. I'-p. J, 6, 5 a free c. ol air, aeris 
 laxllas. Pall.: thrre are cs of air in 
 dill'erent directums, aer effluit hue el 
 iliuc, Cic. IV, Fig.: of opinion, 
 events, etc. : there is an irrevocable cur- 
 rent in human affairs, irrevocabllis 
 cursus bumana vehit. Sen. : v. course : 
 to resist tlie c of opinion, contra ojilni- 
 oneni communem pugnare, Cic : to be 
 carried away in the c. of corruption, 
 *vltiis quae hoc seculo invaluerunt cor- 
 rumpi (Kr.) : the c. of public opiniun 
 has set in in the opposite dirc-tiun, *in 
 contrariam partem convertit se hominum 
 studium ac voluntas. 
 
 currently: vuigo: v. commonly. 
 
 curricle: currus : v. chariot. (N.B. 
 Not curriculum, which is a race.) 
 
 currier : cOriarlus : Plln. • more 
 fully, coriarius subactarius, Inscr. To 
 be a c. by trade, *coriariam {sc. artem) 
 exercere. 
 
 currish ; canlnus : c. eJoquaice, elo- 
 quentia c, Appius ap. Quint. 12, 9, 9: 
 Ov. 
 
 curry {v.) : |. L i t. : to dress 
 
 leather: 1, sQblgo, egt, acium, } 
 
 (whence subactarius : v.cukriek): Cato. 
 
 2. depso, ui, J : id. II. Fig.: U> 
 beat, belabour : fuste verbf ro, dolo : v. 
 to cudgel. Ill, To SCI ape a horse 
 with a curry-comb: rado, ,-i, sum, j 
 (with strigile or -i) : Col. 6, ji, fin.: 
 V. curry-comb. IV. '/"o CJur/favour 
 in a mean u-ai/ : se allcujus in fanil- 
 liarilatem insinuare, Cic. (but the expr. 
 is less offensive than ihe Eng.) : assenta- 
 tiuncula quadam aucupari gratlam all- 
 cujus, id. Kam. 5, 12, ? (precisely cor- 
 responding with the Eng., except IB lis 
 greater elegance). 
 
 curry-comb : strigiiis, is. /. (more 
 usu. a bath comb): to scrape with a c, 
 strigile radere. Col. ; strigile subradere 
 {scrape gently), I'all. 
 
 curse ('•■)•• I, Trans.: 1, ex- 
 secror, i (the most gen. u-rm : to declare 
 accursed, usu. i/'i(/i an imprecation of 
 evil): thee they hate, on thte they im- 
 precate destrwtion ; thee they c, t< 
 odcrunt, tibi pesteni exoplant, te ex.^e- 
 crantur, Cic. Also loll, by in and ace.: 
 c.ing himself because he had not, etc , 
 exsecrans In sc ac suum caput, quod, 
 etc., Liv. Join: exsecraii et male 
 precari, Cic. 2. d6U-stor, i (strictly 
 to appeal to the pods as witnesses against 
 some one: also sometimes = to d^pie- 
 cate. Cic): he c.d Jmliiorix with every 
 kind of iniprecatum. omnibus precibu* 
 Ambii'rigem detestiitus est, Caes. : to c. 
 the canseaml the author of V<e calamity, 
 causam et auclorem cladls d., Tac. : ('v. 
 
 3. devOveo. vovi. voitini, 2 (strictW 
 to d-iHite til the infernal gods : v. to Dh- 
 votk): Theseus c.d his O'Ti son, Tbt- 
 si'us natuin suum devovit, Ov. : a cd 
 tree, devota arbos, Hor. ; to c. one't ou-n 
 arts, siias arles d., Ov. 4. Expr. 
 by subs, imprecatio, dirae, etc., and 
 various verbs ; v. foil. art. ||. 1 n- 
 trans. : to use imprecations: •impn- 
 caiione, ex>ecratione uil. impia precari. 
 Impias jaclare voces. 
 
 curse {subs:) : \. Vieact cr words : 
 1. exsccratio (cf. verb) : to bind 
 any one under a c, aliquem exsecra- 
 tione devincire (foil, hy ace. and inf.), 
 Cic. : slmly. exsecrationlbus adigere 
 ['ac. : to as.'ail any one with fearful c f 
 "77
 
 CURSED 
 
 CUS TODY 
 
 CUT 
 
 diris ex. incessere aliqiietn, Suet. : also 
 d OS procari in exsenationem aliciijus. 
 Veil. 2. iniprecatio, prices: v. im- 
 
 precation. 3. dirae, iiriim (only in 
 
 pi. : prob. with voces understood) • to 
 imprecate c.s <m any one, d. alicui im- 
 precari, precari, Plin. : Tac. : also, diris 
 agere aliquem, Hor. (N.B. Not detes- 
 tatio, which is a Joi-mal ceremoni/ fo- 
 lemnized v-ith curses : of. Liv. lo, 28, 
 ad Jin., where detestatio and exsecralio 
 occur in close connexion.) ||. Abstract 
 fur concr. : = bane, plague : pcsiis, luria, 
 pemicies : Cic. : v. plagce, pest. 
 
 cursed (as adj.) : sacer. exsecrabllis, 
 e'c. : V. ACCURSED. Phr. : a c. tree 
 (falling on the head of the poet), devota 
 arbor, triste lignum, Hor. 
 
 cursing {subs.): expr. by verb: 
 V. TO CURSE. Also wiih pi. of subs. 
 under curse : as, abstain from c, 'ex- 
 secrationes fuge. 
 
 cursorily: i- e- briejlii and super- 
 fi daily : 1. striciim these tilings, 
 '■now said c, will be made more clear 
 belotr, haec nunc s. {glancing over the 
 subject) dicta, aperliora fient intra, 
 Varr. : to speak c. s. dicere, Cic. 2. 
 summatini {dealing only loith the 
 heads of a subject) : to touch upon 
 anything c, aliquid s. atiingere, (jiiint. : 
 Cic. : V. SUMMARILY. 3. brgviter : v. 
 BRIEFLY. Join; breviter strictimque, 
 Cic. : breviter ac summatini, Varr. 
 f h r. : to touch upon a subject c, per- 
 stringere, Cic. • v. to glance at : also 
 .sometimes percurreve, transcurrere, esp. 
 of reading through hastily or c Quint. : 
 
 V. TO RUN through. 
 
 CUTSOrr : expr. with adv. : as, c. re- 
 maiks, strictini dicta, etc. : v. preced. art. 
 
 curst {odj): '• e- shrewish: 1. 
 
 mordax, Hor.: Phaedr. : v. sxauling. 
 
 2. importiinus : a c. .»7i)vw of a 
 
 vife, uxor imp. atque incunimoda, PI. 
 
 As. I, I, 48. 
 
 curt {adj.) : i. e. short to excess; only 
 of language ; 1, abruptus ; Quint. : 
 
 V. A BRUIT. 2. pe'h adslrictus: cf. 
 
 Cic. Br. 25, init. 3. brgvis, brevior : 
 
 T. BRIEF. 
 
 Curtness : abruptum loquendi genus. 
 Quint, (of Sallust); *sermo nimls brevis 
 atque concisus : v. coxciseness. 
 
 curtail : I. l-' t- ■ t'>cut of apart: 
 decurto, praecido, niQtilo : v. to jiu- 
 tilate, shorten, cut off. II. Fig.: 
 (much more freq. in this sense), to 
 limit, niMtNlSH : 1, arto w arcto. 1 
 {to bring within narroirer limits) : for- 
 tune moulds and e.s the fortunes of 
 men. fortuiia buniana fingit a.que, PI. : 
 m renards and in honours everything 
 wasc.'d.iw praemiis, in honoribus onniia 
 artata, Liv. : to c. oneself, i. e. one's ex- 
 penses artare se, Ulp. 2. cOarto, i (in 
 same sense) : Cic., who uses it of curtail- 
 ing or compressing in speech : Liv. 3. 
 imminuo, nunuo, j : v. to diminish. 
 Phr. : to c. the honour due to a c'oss, 
 deiraliere honorem debitum ordini. Cic. : 
 to c. the advantages of a city, conimoda 
 urbis mtitilare. Cod. Just. : to c. a)nbi- 
 tious ornaments, ornanienta ambiiiosa 
 Tecidere, Hor. : circunicidere. Quint. 
 Join: circumcirtc'ie et amputare (mul- 
 tittidineni sententiarum), Cic, 
 
 curtain: I. As furniture gene- 
 rally : 1, aulaeum (rare in sing. : 
 usu. of a splendid land; as in palaces, 
 etc.): c.s U'or a couch) gleaming nith 
 purple and gold, a. purpura auroque 
 fulgentia. Curt. : Virg. : Hor. 2. 
 plagula {for beds, litters, and the Wee) : 
 Liv. : Suet. 3. velum : to dran' cs 
 [backti ards or forwards], vela ohducere, 
 reducere, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21 : hanging 
 cs, pendentia v., Juv. Al.so in sing., 
 (mil irife) separated frnrn me only In/ a 
 c, dis'jieta velo, Plin. Kp. 4, 19. J- ^'0'- 
 velaris, e: Plin. ||. In a theatre: 
 1. aulaeum (in this sense, either 
 sing, or pi.): the c. rises, a. tollitur, 
 Cic. ; subducitur, Apul. : the c. ful's. a. 
 premuntur, Hor. ; niittuntnr, J'haedr, 
 (but with the ancients Ihe curtniii whs 
 draivn vpfrom le.'o ",- .so that the iiboi'e 
 expressions have the opposite meaning 
 178 
 
 flecto, 
 
 in Latin). 2. sipariuni {the drop- 
 scene: cf. Apul. 10, ad fin. "aulaeo 
 suMuclo et complicitis sipariis :" in 
 which sense auliieum appears also to 
 be used, cf. Ov. }, in): Cic. : Juv. 
 (N.B. Never velum in this sense: v. 
 AWNING.) III. In fortification perh. 
 *niMrusintergerivus : cf. Plin. !5. 14.49- 
 
 curtained (jpa'^- «#) •" veiatus : v. 
 
 VEILED. 
 
 curtain-lecture: *increpatio ux- 
 
 oria in cubiciilo habita. 
 
 curtly: brSvller v. BRiiiFLr. More 
 precisely, " breviter atque abrupte : v. 
 
 ABRUPTLY. 
 
 curule : ciirulis, e : the c. chair, sella 
 c, Auson. ; c. ebur, Hor. 
 
 curvature : curvatura : Plin. : Vitr. : 
 v. curve. 
 
 curve (subs-) •■ 1. sinus, us (strictly 
 a iece.^s) : unde c.s (of a coast), lati s., 
 Tac. Ger. I : to whirl a javelin round 
 in a larger c, niajore s. spiculum rotare, 
 Liv. 42, 6?. 2. flexus, us: v. bend. 
 3. curvatura (i. e. the thiru) curved) : 
 Ov. : ' Plin. 4. curvamen, inis, n. : 
 with a gentle c, molli c, Plin. 5. an- 
 fraclus, Us: v. winding. 
 
 curve (" ) •■ curvo. incurve, 
 etc. : V. TO BF.ND, and foil. art._ 
 
 curved {adj.) .- 1. curvatus : cor- 
 puscles smooth, rough, curved, hooked, 
 corpora levia, aspera, c, adunca, Cic. : 
 Plin. Also incurvatus in same sense 
 (rare) : Cic. 2. curvus (poet.) : the 
 c. plough, c. aratrum, Lucr. : c. claws. 
 ungues c. Hor.: e. or winding shores, 
 c. lilora. Cat. 3. incurvus (= curvus: 
 less freq.) : Lucr. : Virg. (Less fre- 
 quent, procurvus, strictly curved for- 
 wards. Virg.) 4. sinuosus {with 
 recesses or hollows : v. curve) : a c. b<m. 
 s. arcus, Ov. : leaces c. at the sides, folia 
 sinuosa lateribus, Plin. 5. pandus 
 (strictly opening out. from pando): c. 
 horns (of heifers), p. cornua, Ov. : c. 
 keels, p. carinae, Virg.: a c. beak, p 
 rostrum, Ov. 6. falcatus {of the 
 shape of a sickle): a c. tail. Cauda f., 
 Plin. : Sil. (But Liv. and earlier writers 
 use the word in sense of fm-nished or 
 armed with a sickle or saitlie.) N.B. 
 Uncus, aduncus, signify not curved but 
 hooked: q. v. 
 
 curvet {<-'■) '■ perb. insulto, l : they 
 taught the sbed to c. in armour upon 
 //i<?}/»oi/nd, equitem docuere sub arinis 
 irisultare solo, Virg. 
 
 curvetting {subs.) : saltus, iis: i. e. 
 LEAP (q. v.). 
 
 curvilinear : *(ficura) quae curvata 
 linea s. ciirvatis liiieis cc.iitinptur : or 
 perh. simplj' curvata: v. clri kd. 
 
 cushat' piilumba : V. WOOD PIGFX)N. 
 
 cushion (subs.) : 1. pulvinus (gen. 
 tnrm) : a c. stuffed with roses (fur sitting 
 upon), p. rosa fartus, Cic. : PI. Dimm. 
 pulvillus: air-cs, pulvilli ventose tu- 
 nientes, Apul. 2. pulvinar (usu. of 
 the sacred couches used in lectisternia : 
 also sometimes o c. for the head, a pil- 
 loiv) : Sen. : Petr. The form pulviiia- 
 rlum also occurs, but unly lor a t-ac ed 
 couch. 3. sdularia, nrum {of a lar- 
 riage): Paul. Tlig. (N.B. Not culcita, 
 which is a mattrass or hid: q. v.) 
 
 cushioned : |. Seated mi a cushion : 
 piilviiiatus Plin. (who uses the word 
 III things cased in a soft covering- cl. 
 id. 15, 22, 24). Or, expr. with verb, in 
 pulvino sedens : v. subs. ||, Fur- 
 nished with cushions : *pulvillis in- 
 structus: o c. coi/cA, pulvinar: v.cnucH. 
 CUSP ; perh. iipex.icis, in. (the higher 
 point of a thing) : or as anhit. t. t. 
 cuspis. idis.f. : v. POINT. 
 CUSPated : cuspldatus, acumlnatus : 
 
 V. I-OINTKl). 
 
 custard: no word known: (?)cremor 
 de o\ is ei lacte compositus. 
 
 custodian: curator, praefectus: v. 
 
 CURATOR. 
 
 custody: I. Keeping, guarding : 
 
 custudia, tutela, praesidium : v. guard. 
 II. f'mijineiiwnt, imprisimment : 
 vlncfiia, oruni (lit. i/iains), career (/)»-i- 
 son.) : " IMPRISONMENT, f'hr. : free c. 
 (the mildist lui ui of confinement), libera 
 
 custodia, Liv. : Sail, (who has the pi. In 
 liberis custodiis, where sever.d persons 
 are concerned : Cat. 41). 
 
 custom : I. frequent or habitual 
 using and doing: 1. consueiuJo, 
 
 inis,/. ; it is not my c. non est nieae c, 
 Cic. : to adhrre to or fol on- c , c. teiiere, 
 uti, id. : oaording to one's c, ex c, 
 Caes. ; pro (sua) c, Cic. 2. assuetudo 
 (the accustoming to something) : long 
 c, longa a., Ov. : whether by nature or 
 by c, sen iiatura, sive assuetudine, Tac 
 
 3. wos. moris, m. : v. infr. (II.). 
 
 4. instiiatum (regulai custom or 
 practice): Join: consuetuvio et insti- 
 tutuni meum, Cic : v. habit, practice. 
 
 II, An usage : esp. of a natum : 
 1, mos according to Ihe c. und 
 precedent of the Roman people, m. et 
 exemplo populi Romani, Caes. : to obey 
 c. and law, mori legique parere, Cic. . 
 as was the c. of tlir kings of Hithynia, 
 ut mos fuit regibus Biihyniae, Cic. : it 
 is the c. of men to be unwiUivg, etc., 
 mos est hominum ui nolint. Cic. : ac- 
 cording to the c. of their ancestors, more 
 majorum, id. : away xtith the barbaroxit 
 c. tollite barbarum m., Hor. 2. con- 
 suetude: the inhuman and barbarous 
 c. of offering human sacrifices, imnianis 
 et barbara c. hominum immolandorum, 
 Cic. : according to the c. of the (ireeks, 
 ad c. Graecorum. Cic. : contrary to usage 
 and c. praeter morem c.que, Cic. (N.B. 
 Mos refers esp. to national customs, 
 and thus usu. denotes something nmre 
 general and permanent than consuetude: 
 V. habit.) 3. institutum (an esta- 
 blished c.) : they differ in language, 
 cs, and laus. lingua, institutls, legiliu* 
 inter se differunt, Caes. : v. practice 
 and supr. (4). 4. ritus, iis (prop, of 
 leligious customs; hence used gene- 
 rally) : to perjorm sacred i~ites after the 
 Greek c, Graeco r. sacra facere, Liv. : v. 
 rite. Esp. in abl. ritu, after the c. or 
 manna- of: v. like. Hence adv. rU6, 
 according to (regular and proper) c, 
 Hor. : Cic. : v. duly. 5. sollehne, is, 
 n.: a ceremony (q. v.). |||. Business, 
 buying and selling : expr. with phr. 
 to have a great deal of c, •cum inultie 
 vendendi consuetudinem habere ; 'as- 
 siduam mercatienem exercere ; *iiiulta 
 multis vendere : to give any one your c, 
 *ab aliquo omnia quibus indigeas emere : 
 to lose c, *minore enientium freqiientia 
 celebrari. |V. -^ duty, impost : por- 
 
 torium, vectigal : v. dues, tax. 
 
 custom-house: 1. portorinm: 
 
 Gloss. 2. teloniiim or -euni (Gr. 
 
 Te^uvelov) : Tert. < 'ustoni-h. officer, por- 
 titor, I'er. : Cic.; also teionarlus, Impp. 
 Cod. 
 
 customary : 1. traiaticius or 
 iranslallciiis (usual under given cir- 
 cumstance^^) : a c. (form of) edict, edic- 
 tum tr., Cic: Gell. : af er (their) c. 
 manner, more tr., Phaedr. : it is a c. 
 <Ain(7, tralaticiuni est, Cic. : Plin. 2. 
 ii.sitdtus: V. vsual, ordinary. 3. 
 consueius (more usu. of peisons accus- 
 tonifd to something) : the c. ending of a 
 letter, (vale !), c. tinis, Ov. : Sail. ; v. 
 WONTED. Simly, assuetus (=con«ue- 
 tus: V. ACCUSTOMED): c. food a. cibus, 
 Cels.: Phaedr.; Veil. 4. sijlitus : v. 
 WONTED. 5. soUinnis, « (regularly 
 recurring): Virg.: Hur. : v. kkgulab. 
 Phr.: it is c, mos or niuris est: v. 
 CUSTOM: as is c, ut assolet. Cic; also 
 quae assolent, PL: to bceome c, in 
 niorera venire, Liv. : to rendei anything 
 c, aliquid in morem perduct re, Cic. ; v. 
 USUAL : also TO accustom. 
 
 customer : emptor : V. BUTEB. 
 Phr.: an ugly c. (colloq.): (?) impor- 
 tunum negotlum (like Cic 's Teucris 
 ilia lentum negotium, Att. i, li.fn.). 
 
 cut {>'■): I. ^ith an edged in- 
 strument (in gen. sense) : 1. caedo, 
 cecidi, caesum, { (to hew. cut dovn. as 
 timber ; also to scourge, to kill : q. v.) ; 
 to c. or hew out vine (fiozen) with 
 axes. Vina securibus c , Virg. : v. to 
 HEW. 2. 'Sco, ui, clum, \;fut.part. 
 seraturus (the best representative of 
 the Eng. word: lo cut or carve unth a
 
 CUT ASUNDER 
 
 CUT THROUGH 
 
 CUTTING 
 
 knife ; thus marmora capdere is to hem 
 marble ; marmura secure, to carve it) : 
 to c. carcasses up into slices, tergora in 
 frusta s., VirR. (v. tocakvk): to c. a 
 tvhelftone with a razor, coteni iiovacula 
 s., Klor. Ksit.ulcuUing/<jrsur(/ical pur- 
 poses: Cic. : V. To AMPUTATK, OHERATE. 
 
 3. scliidu, scidi, sclssum, } (to 
 rend ; aNo to divide : q. v.) : to c. up 
 or carve birds, aves in frusta s., Sen. : 
 V. TO ci-EAVE, TEAR. I' li r. : to c. mie's 
 long hair, comas longas recldere, capil- 
 los (or capillurii) secure, Sen.: iiot U> f, 
 one's hair, caplllum promittere, oipillo 
 promisso esse. Cues. : to c. one's nails, 
 ungues recldere, Plin.; praecidere, Hor. : 
 to c. tlie teeth (said of infants), deniire, 
 Plln. ; to c. uond, lignari (for fires), ma- 
 teriuri (for timl>er). Cues. : to c. any- 
 body's t/uorti, jiigiilurn perfodore, Tac. (v. 
 TirROAT): to c. lite smnvs if the com- 
 monivealth, reipublicae nervos exsecare, 
 Cic. II. To cut in two, divide: 1 
 86co, I (esp. tig.) to c. the air villi 
 ivings (as a bird), aera pennis s., Ov. : 
 Virg. : V.TO DIVIDE, CLEAVE. 2. sciiido, 
 }: V.TO CLEAVE. 3. Incido, di. Slim, J 
 (v. CUT into): tn c. a cable, funem in., 
 Virg. : toc.a thread, liiium in., Cic. 4. 
 intercido, di, sum, j (v. cut asundku): 
 to c. a bridge in two, poiitem int., 
 Caes. . Plln. I'hr. : to c. ivater-pipcs, 
 cut off the supply of water, t\stu\<xf, prae- 
 cidere, Cic: v.TOcuTOFF. Ill, In hus- 
 bandry ; to mow or reap : 1. succido, 
 } : toe. com, frumenta s., Caes. : Liv. : 
 Vipg. 2. meto, demeto,messui. mes- 
 sum, } : V. to reap, mow. 3. s6co. i : 
 to c. green meat for cattle, pubentes 
 herbas s., Virg. : to c. fodder, pabulinii 
 s., Caes. (Not used of cutting crops of 
 corn). 4. desgco, i : of crops, Liv. 
 
 5, caedo, f : to c. a crop of hay, 
 foenum c, Col. 6. desgco, i : v. 
 cut down. IV. Colloq. : to cut ca- 
 pers, motus incompositos dare, Virg. 
 G. 1, J5o: to c. a figure (in good sense), 
 emineo, 2: v. distingui.shed (be): to c. 
 a fine, a poor figure, *pnlchras, turpes 
 partes habere, sustinere : v. figure. 
 
 V. To refuse to recognise: P b r. : 
 to c. a friend when he is in trouble, uf- 
 flictum aversari amicum, Ov. Pont. 2, 
 ;, ;; amicum abjicere, ib. n (but the 
 expr. are less colloquial than the Kng.) : 
 see also to ignore, avoid. 
 
 cut asunder : 1. intercido, J : v. 
 preced. art. (11.). 2. dissgco, i: toe. 
 •nen asunder with a saw, medios ho- 
 mines serra d.. Suet. 
 
 away : 1. abscido, ab.scindo, 
 
 V.TOCUTOFF. 2. recido, J : toe. away 
 an incurable iroimd or sore, imniedica- 
 bile vulnus eiise r., Ov. Fig.: to c. an ay 
 ambitious omainent, ambitiosa orna- 
 inenta r., Hor 3. ciicumcido, ; : 
 
 Fig.: to cut away iihat is redundant 
 (in oratory), c. si quid redundabii, 
 yuint. : Cic. 4. ampul o : v toam- 
 
 PUTATE, cut OFF. 
 
 down : I. L i t. • 1, caedo, 
 
 excido, } (of timber) : v. to fell. 2. 
 nieio, dem6lo: v. to reap, mow. ||, 
 To slay vnth a suord : obtrunco, i ; oc- 
 cido, }: v. TO SLAV. Ill, Fig.: to 
 reduce, curtail: P h r. : to c. doivn 
 one's superfluous expenditure, omncm 
 supervacaneam impensam circumcidere, 
 cf. Phaedr. 4, 20, fin. : to c. down the 
 estimates *suniptus aestimatos artare : 
 
 v. TOCURTArL. 
 
 in pieces : v. cot to pieces. 
 
 into; 1. accido, J (to c. 
 
 partially, not quite through), arbore.s 
 ac, Caes. 2. iucido, } : to c. into a 
 vein, venam in., I'lin. 3. ii'siSco, i: 
 to c. into a corpse, corpus mortui Ins., 
 Plin. : to c. into honey-combs, favos Ins., 
 Col. 
 
 off: I, Lit.: 1. pnie- 
 
 cido, } (siriclly to c. off the end of some- 
 thing): to c. of any mie's tongue, lin- 
 guam alicui p., PI. : to c. q//' the hands, 
 manus p., Hirt. : to c. off any one's head, 
 eurs, nose, alicujus caput, aures, lutsum 
 p., Pelr. : Just. : to c. off (tlie eiul oj") a 
 whetstone, cotem p., Cic. : cf. to cut 
 (II., fin.^. 2 abscido, i (rare, and 
 
 often conlused «iih abscindo in MSS.) : 
 to c. off a head, caput a., Virg. ; with 
 the right hand c. off, abscisfl dextri. 
 Suet. Fig.: to c. off hope, sp<-m a., 
 Liv. 3. abscindo, scidl, scissum, j 
 (to c. or tear forcibly away) : C:ing 
 away sIuhUs from the jmrent trunk, 
 pliintas abscindens de corpore matrmn, 
 Virg. : .\erxes cut off Athos from the 
 mninlond, Xirxes Athon ((jiitinentl ab 
 scidil, I'lin.: Hor. 4. amputo, i: to 
 c. ()//" a (deail) man's hewi, caput a., 
 Suel.: to c. off a person's hand, ulicul 
 muiius a., id. 5. decido, j (les-sfreq.) : 
 to c. off (clip) wings, peniias d., Hor.: 
 Tac. 6. de.'iSco, i : to c. off hairs, 
 crines d., Ov. : ears c. off, aures de.sectae, 
 Caes. 7. rSeido, j: v. cor awav. 
 P h r. : to c. off a man's head, alkujus 
 coUum secure, Q. Cic. ; caput eiise de- 
 nietere, Hor.: Ov. ; caput detrunuue, 
 Ov. (also delrunco with cue. of person : 
 Val. Fl.). II, To destroy complelelj/ 
 or suddenly ; 1, exstinguo, nxi, 
 
 nctum, i : to be c. off the snonei; lua- 
 turius exstingui, Cic. ; in the prime of 
 life, primo exstingui in aevo, Ov. : he 
 was c. off by disease, eum morbo fortuna 
 extinxit, Liv. 2. occupo, i (wiih 
 siutdenness) : being off' his guard he 
 (Caesar) was c. off by ungrateful men, 
 incautus ab ingrulis occupatus est, Veil. 
 
 3. pSrImo, inierimo : v. to destroy 
 4. (in pass.) : pereo, intgreo, 4, irr. : 
 
 the whole army would be c. off, totum 
 exercitum periturum, Nep.: Liv.; to be 
 c. off by disease, niorlx) perire, Hirt. : v. 
 PERISH. See also to extirpate, exter- 
 minate. III. To intercept, cut off 
 communication: 1. intercludo, si, 
 sum, J (with ace. and dat. ; or ace. and 
 abl.) : to c. off the enemies' supplies, 
 ininiicls commeatum int., I'l.; [hostes] 
 commeatibus int., Caes. (the abl. is 
 usual in this sense) : also with prep, a 
 coinmeatu omni adversaries int., Caes. : 
 Liv. 2. excludo, } (with ace. and 
 abl.): toe. any one off from (joining) 
 another, aliquem ab allquo ex.. Pomp, 
 ap. Cic. : to c. off any one's return, ali- 
 quem reditu ex., Nep. . Caes. 3. 
 (less freq.): claudo, j: toe. off the 
 enemies' retreat, liostibus fugam c, Liv. 
 
 4, pr6hibeo, 2 : v. to prevent, keep 
 off. 
 
 cut open : insgco. incido : v. to cot 
 into. (But usu. aperire with or with- 
 out ferro will expr. the meaning more 
 precisely : v. to cut through.) 
 
 out; I, ^ remove with a 
 
 cutting instrument : 1. exsfico, 1 : to 
 c. out the bottom of a chest, arniarii iun- 
 dum ex., Cic. : CoL 2, excido, } : to 
 e. out any one's tongue, alicui linguam 
 ex.. Crass, ap. Cic. • to c. (or hew) out 
 columnsfrom the rocKs, columnas rupibus 
 ex., Virg. See also to castrate. (For 
 syn. see simple verb.) ||. To shape 
 by cutting : *secando forniare : or 
 simply caedere: thus Quint, has toga 
 rotunda et apte caesa, i. e. well cut 
 out: II, !, 159 (N.B. Not secure, 
 which would be to cut when made: nor 
 forinure, which isto moMW.) |||. Vulg. 
 and only in p. jxirt. : cut out for, i. e. 
 adapted Jor : natus, aptus : v. fit, 
 made. 
 
 short: I. To abridge: 1. 
 
 praecido. ; : toe. short (the tp-cater part 
 of) the defence, magnani partem defen- 
 sionis p , Cic. : the consideration of time 
 (i. e of the shortness of time) c.s short 
 delay, "tcmporis (al. mortis) ratio cunc- 
 tationeni p., Plin. Kp. 9, I, fin. Ksp. as 
 intraiis., to c. the matter short, (brevi) 
 p., Cic. 2, intercido, } . to c. short 
 the intervening circumstairces, media 
 int., Cic. 3. amputo, i : toe. narrc- 
 tions short, n&rratioues a., Cic. : tJiey re- 
 cion>ii-^nd him to c. short delays (■' to make 
 short nork of it "), amputuri moras 
 Jubent, .Just. 21, 4 (for which Virg. has 
 rumpere moras, G. j, 4}, etc.): v. also 
 to cut away, curtail, compress. II, 
 7& stop another abruptly, oblSquor, in- 
 terpello : v. to interrupt. 
 
 through : i. L i t. : to part 
 
 asunder by cutting : inlercido, disseco : 
 
 v. cut ASUNDER: per(5ro, perfodio : T. 
 pierce. (N.U. Not perseco, which is (q 
 cut out thoroughly, to extirpaU.) P h r. ; 
 the tteasts c. through the snow (with 
 their hoofs), jumenia secab.iiit, Liv. : 
 more fully, penilus perfriugeljant, id. 
 21, j6. II. Of troops: tovuxkxaiiay 
 through enemies uith tlie svxird: \, 
 perrunipo, rupi, rupium. j: toe. away 
 through the midst of the enemy, per 
 medios hostes p.. Cats.; also with ace, 
 without prep., id. : Liv. 2. Kxpr. 
 with ferro: Ac c. a way through the 
 armed mi-n, inter armatos viam ferro 
 patefecit, Tac. : simly, ferro iti raperlre. 
 Sail.; viam ferro aperire, invenire, Tac, : 
 V. HRKAK through. 
 cut to or in pieces: I, Lit: 
 
 1. concidi I, } : toe. into small pieces, 
 rainuie c. Col.: also c. In partes, I'elr. 
 
 2, consfico, I : to e. in small piecrs, 
 minutatim c, Varr. : Cato : Ov (N.B. 
 j}ot conscindo, wbich is to tear in 
 pieces.) 3. Fxpr. by clrcuml. : as, 
 in Irusta secare, Virg. A. i, 212. ||, 
 Fig.: of troops destroyed in fighting : 
 tn'icido ; IntCrTmo, p6rinio : vtoslauoii- 
 TER, DK.sTROY. In pass., pereo, 4, irr.: 
 v. TO CUT off. 
 
 up: I. Lit.: toe. in pieces: 
 
 V. preced. art., also to dissect, carve. 
 
 II, Fig..: to handle severely \a 
 writing or otherwise : 1. coucido. j 
 (to pull to pieces, assail fvith Jorce arvt 
 vehemence): Cic. Or. j, i, fin.: N.l>. i, 
 J J, ./in. (though In the latter pbice some 
 read consciderit, from conscindo). 2. 
 invShor (with in and ace.) : v. to in- 
 veigh against, assail. 
 
 cut {part, adj.): sectllis, e: Ov. • 
 Hor. 
 
 cut (suhs:^ : I, An incision : \, 
 caesa : once in Veg., who used the word 
 by way of distinction from punrta, a 
 stab: Mil. 1,12. 2- Incisio, incisura: 
 v. INCISION. P h r. : to aim stabs at an 
 enemy rather than c.s, punctim magis 
 quam caeslm petere hostem, Liv. : Veg. 
 ||, A blow of any kind: ictus, 
 vulnus, plaga : v. ni.ow, stroke, wound. 
 Ill, Of roads : a short c. : via compen- 
 diaria, Cic. ; compendiarium (se. iter) : 
 Sen. Sometimes frames may do: v. 
 CROSS-ROAD. IV. -^i engraving : q. v. 
 
 cutaneous: expr. hygen.of cutis: 
 as, a c. malady, cutis vitium, Plin. 
 
 cuticle: cutis, cullciila: V. SKIN. 
 
 CUtlas : ensis, gladius : v. swoBD. 
 
 cutler: cultriirius: Inscr. 
 
 cutlery; I. ^^e business: 'cul- 
 triiria : v. cutler. ||. The wartM 
 
 themselies : *cultri ac ferramenta ciyus- 
 cunque generis. 
 
 cutlet : (?) offa. frustum : V. slice, 
 
 CHOP. 
 
 CUtpurse : _ 1, manticulftrius : 
 Tert. 2. saccularius, Ulp. 3. sec- 
 tor lorarius, PI. 
 
 cutter; I. fme who cuts: sector: 
 a c. of hay, feni s.. Col. ||, A front 
 tooth: dens praecisor, Isid. : v. ixcisoR. 
 
 III, A vessel: perh. c^lox, ocls, /. : 
 Liv. 
 
 cut-throat : 1. sector collorum • 
 Cic. 2. sicarius : Cic : v. .Mt-RDKRKR 
 
 cutting (*(?) •• I, Li t.; i/yiu-/i 
 cuts as a knil'e : aciitus ; v. shari- 
 
 II. (if icind or air: Phr. : thi 
 wind, the cold is c, mordet os venius, fri- 
 gus, cf. Hor. S. 2, 6, 4;. III. tig. 
 biting, severe: mordux, acis; to icound 
 the ear uith c. truth, aures mordaci ra- 
 dere vero, I'ers. : Hor. 
 
 cutting (■''"<'*•) •• I. 'nieact: 1. 
 sectio: e. and dividing, 8. et partitio 
 Gell. Ksp. medical : Plln. 2. seo 
 ttlra (rare) : of precious stones, Plln. • 
 Varr. 3. caesura: of trees, Plin. 
 
 4, caesio (^ caesura, supr. ; but 
 rare): Col. 5. ampiilatio: v. prun- 
 ing. 6- consectio (c. to pieces) : Cic. 
 
 7. exseclio (c. out): Cic. (Or 
 expr. by ger. etc. of i>erti: v. to cut.) 
 
 II. That vhicti is cut, esp. frum 
 trees or plants : 1, amputatio : I'liu. 
 
 2. tiilea (for planting): Culo ■ 
 Col. Dimin. tuleOla, Col. 3. clava. 
 clavOla (a thicker kind): Varr.: CoL 
 119
 
 CUTTLE- FISH 
 
 DAM 
 
 DAMAGE 
 
 III, An excavation : fossa (appli- 
 cable to any place /rom which earth has 
 been dug) : v. trench. 
 
 cuttle-fish: 1. loHgo, Inis, /. .- 
 Cic; Hot.. Plin. 2. sepia, Cic. 
 Plin- 
 
 cut-water: fore-part of a ship's 
 prow: rostrum, prora: v. bkak, pkow. 
 
 cycle: orbis, is, VI. : v. circle. 
 
 cyclic : cyclicus : the c. poet, scriptor 
 c, Hor. 
 
 cygnet: *(puiius') aionnus. 
 
 cylinder; cyiindnis. Cic 
 
 cylindrical : cylindiatus : Plin. 
 
 cymbal : I. oymbalum . Cic • 
 
 Virg. 2. (poet) ^''s, aeris, n. (lit. 
 copper) : esp. in pi. : Hor. (N.B. Not 
 crotalum. which signifies a kind of rat- 
 tling slick.) 
 
 cynic (adj. and subs.) : Cynicus : the 
 snarling ('., mordax C. . Hor. : Cic 
 
 cynical : i- e. misanthropic : perh. 
 morda-x : cf. Hor. S. i, 4, q?. where he 
 joins lividus et mordax (v. snarling) : 
 or, difficilis atqne inhnmanus, cf. Cic. 
 Cato Maj. j. (N.B. Cynicus is not class, 
 in this sense.) 
 
 cynically : cf Bice : mordaciter : 
 ftcerbe, Plant. 
 
 cynicism : duritia, importunltas, in- 
 humanitas v. churlishness, harsh- 
 
 NKSS. 
 
 cynosure : cfnQsura Poet. ap. Cic. : 
 Ov. 
 
 cypress : cupressus, l, /. (abl. some- 
 times in u) : the gloomy c, atra, feralis 
 c, Virp. ; funebris, invisa, Hor. Adj. 
 cupressinus, cupresseus: statues made 
 of c.-wood, ciipressea sigiia, Li v.: a 
 grove of c.-trees, cupressetum, Cato • 
 Cic. ; c.-bearing, cupresslfer : Ov. 
 
 D. 
 
 DAB (^0 ■■ nearest word perh. illido, 
 J : V. TO DASH ON. 
 
 dab (-'■) I. ^ small lump of any- 
 thing soft or moist: massula. Col.: a d. 
 of mud, blattea, Fest. ||. A slap, or 
 pat, cOlfiphus, alapa: v. blow. |||. 
 An adept (vulg.) . v. expert. |V, 
 A small flat fish : (?) passer, 6ris, m., 
 PUn. 
 
 dabble (".)•• A. Trans. : tn be- 
 tpatter, oblino, aspcrgo : v. besmear, 
 bespatter. B. 1 n trans. : |. To 
 move or play in vater or mud : in aqua, 
 luto ludere, cf. Virg. G. i, ;6;. (In luto 
 Tolutari, Cic Verr. 2, 4, 24. is to v<al- 
 Joi« in the mire.) ||. Tn do auytliivg 
 but slightly or superficially : atiingo, 
 tigi, factum, j (less coUoq. than the 
 Eug.); tod. in Greek literature, Graecas 
 literas leviter at., Cic: v. foil. art. 
 
 dabbler: i-e. one who knows little 
 of a subject: Phr. : to be a d. in 
 physics, primis, ut dicitur, labris gustare 
 physiolugiam, Cic. : sometimes perh. 
 idiota (Gr. iSiairq';, one who dofS a thiiiy 
 unprofessionally or not at all) : com- 
 pared until Forson these men are d.s, 
 •isti ad F'orsonum meri idiotae sunt. 
 
 dabchick : WUca, Cic. : Virg. 
 
 dabster : liomo ad aliquam rem cal- 
 lidus. V. clever. 
 
 dace : Cyprlnus Icuciscus. Plin. 
 
 dactyl ; dactylus, Cic. : antidactyl 
 yd. reversed), antidactylus pes. Mar. . 
 Vict. 
 
 dactylic : dactylicus d. metre, nu- 
 merus d., Cic. 
 
 dad } papa (" vox infantium cibum 
 
 daddyjpetentium," Varr.). 
 
 dado : 1. ^<we of coluvm : qua- 
 ■Ira, Vitr. 2. Sliaft of column : 
 
 tnincus, Vitr. 
 
 daedal: i- e. various, richly v^rought 
 (rare) : daedalus . d. roofs, d. tecta, 
 Virg. : the d. earth, d. tellus, Lucr. 
 
 daffodil: 1. asphOdglus: Plin. 
 
 2. narcissus ■ Ov. : Virg. (*Nar- 
 cissus pseudo-narcissus : Cycl.) 
 
 dagger: 1. piigio, onis, m.: to 
 ht; struck at with draum d.s, strictis p. 
 peti, Suet. : to stab with a d., pugione 
 i8»> 
 
 ferire, Hirt. : Sulp. ap. Cic. ; fodere, 
 Tac. iHmin. pugiunculus, Cic. 2. 
 sica (pTob. a cutting as well as a stab- 
 bing weapon, and worn secretly : where- 
 as the pugio was worn by officers in the 
 army : Fest.) : to plunge a d. into, s. 
 defigere in corpore alicujus, Cic. ; latus 
 sica confodere, Cic. : to draw a d. on a 
 person, s. distringere in aliquem, Cic. : 
 to u^est a d. from a person, sicam ali- 
 cui de manibus extorquere, Cic. 3. 
 subalare teluni (lit. a weapon earned 
 under the arm) : Nep. Ale. 10, 5. 4. 
 novacuia (strictly a razor : also used in 
 gen. sense) : Mart. Phr.: they are at 
 d.s drawn, capitali odio inter se dissi- 
 dent. Cic. : to look d.s at a person , truces 
 oculos intendere in aliquem, Plin. : to 
 speak d.s, contumelias intorquere, Cic. : 
 to " run a d." into any one, i.e. to an- 
 noy, iirere : v. to gall. 
 
 daily iodj.) .■ 1. diumus • d. pay, 
 merces d., Hor. : d. bread, cibus d., lliv. ■ 
 he receives a d. dole (i. e. he is a slave), 
 diumum accipit, Sen. : d. transactions, 
 acta d., Suet. : d. register or journal, 
 diuma actorum scriptura, or diurna, 
 orum, n. pi., Tac. : also rteut. sing., 
 Juv. 2. quStidianus (quotid., Cat. ; 
 qu5tid., Mart. : happening every day , 
 ordinary) : d. conversation, senno q , 
 Cic. : d. practice, q. usu.s, Caes. : Cic. 
 
 daily {odv.) : 1. quotidie or coti- 
 die (of that which recurs from day to 
 day , whereas in dies [singulos] denotes 
 daily increase or decrease): 'I'er. . Cic. 
 The form quolidio is given in Charis., 
 and quotidiano in Plin. 2. i" dies 
 cf. Cic. Att. 5, 7: "quotidie vel potius 
 in dies singulos breviores literas ad te 
 mitto:" also without singulos, id.: 
 Veil. Phr.: d. and nightly, nocte die- 
 que, Mart. ; singulis diebus et noctilius, 
 Cic. ; also diem et noctem, Cic. ; noctes 
 ac dies, Cic. 
 
 daintily.: fastidiosc : v. fastidi- 
 ously. 
 
 daintiness: I. In eating: 1. 
 
 fastidium : such is their d. that they will 
 not touch fish except on the same day on 
 which it is caught, tantum In illis est t. 
 ut nolint attingere nisi eodem die cap- 
 tum piscem. Sen. 2. cupedia (fond- 
 ness for dainties) : Cic. : v. gutttony. 
 II, In gen. sense, of manners, etc. : 
 fastidium or pi. fastidia : v. fastidious- 
 ness. 
 
 dainty (adj.): \. As quality of 
 persons : fastidiosus, dellcatus, elfigans : 
 v. fastidious, nice. II, Of things; 
 esp. food: 1. deliciitus v. delicate. 
 
 2. lautUS : v. FINE, SUMITUOUS. 
 
 3. exquisitus (rai-e, recherche) : d. 
 viands, ex. epulae, Plin. : v. choice 
 .See also foil. art. 
 
 dainty (subs.) : more usu. in pi. : 
 
 1. ciipedia, orum and cupediae, 
 arum : / care not for d.s, nil moror cu- 
 pedia, PI. : more fully, cupediae cibor- 
 um, Gell. 2. sapores (i. e. choice 
 flavours : not so used in sing.) : Plin. 
 1' h r. : the sturgeon wa.s regarded as a 
 great d., nubilissiiuus habitus acipenser, 
 Plin. : mullets are regarded as a great 
 d., gratia maxima est mullis, id. : to 
 starch the world over for d.s, vescendi 
 causa terra marique omnia esquirere, 
 Sail. 
 
 dairy ; *cella lactaria (after the ana- 
 logy of c. penaria, vinaria, etc.). 
 dairy-maid: *lactaria: v. sq. 
 
 dairy-man : lactarius : Ceis. 
 
 daisy : bellis, idi=, /. : (*Bellis pe- 
 reiinis. Withering). 
 
 dalliance : 1. Iflsus, us : years 
 .suited Jor d., apti lusibus anni, Ov. 
 
 2. liidus; youthful d., aetatis 1., 
 Liv. : Hor. : to indulge in d., ludere 
 Hor. : Cat. 
 
 dally: I. To delay: morari , mo- 
 ras nectere, etc. : v. to hesitate. 
 Phr.: to delude and d. with any 07ie, 
 aliquem lactare et ialsa spe producere, 
 Ter. II. To toy with: amplexari at- 
 que osculari [inter se], PI. ; blandiri 
 (i. e. to caress, fondle) : Ov. : Plin. : v. 
 to caress. 
 
 dam (subs.): I, Female parent 
 
 (of animals) : 1. mater, tris ■ V'arr. : 
 Virg. 2. matrix, icis: Col. ||. A 
 breakwater : 1. moles, is, /. (a mas- 
 sive work) : (Z.s reJ up against waters, 
 m. fluctibus oppositae, Cic. : he threut a 
 d. and mound from each sitie of the 
 sliore, molem atque aggerem ex utm- 
 que parte litoris jaciebat, Caes. 2. 
 aggf r, eris, m. (a mound) : when the 
 foaming river has burst its d.s, aggeri- 
 bus ruptis cum spumeus amnis exiii, 
 Virg.: Vitr. 3. crepido, inis,/ (a 
 raised mound or parapet): Vitr.. Virg : 
 a stone d., c. saxi, Virg. 4. obex, 
 obicis and objicis, c. (any barrier) : 
 Virg. 
 
 dam (!'•)•• USU- with up: 1. ob- 
 
 struo. xi, ctum, j : more fully operibus 
 obs., Caes. 2. coerceo, 2 : to d. up a 
 river flowing abroad beyond its bank^, 
 fluviura extra ripa=. diffluentem c, Cic. . 
 the Euphrates is d.'d up by quays of im- 
 mense size, Euphrates magnae molis cre- 
 pidinibus coercetur, Curt. : v. to con- 
 fine. 
 
 damage ("•) •■ 1. affligo, xi.ctum, 
 J (prop, to dash violently against the 
 ground): no disease or old age can d. 
 the universe, nullus morbus mundum 
 potest aut senecius at., Cic. : to d. 
 (severely) the enemies' resouices, opes 
 hostium af., Liv.: d.'d credit, aflflicta 
 fides, Tac. 2, afflicto, i (frequent. 
 of No. 1 ) : Caes. 3. laedo. si, sum, j 
 (to injure in any uay) : it (the soil) 
 d.s the iron with rust, laedit robigine 
 ferrum, Virg. : Silas by his evidence 
 had d.'d I'isu's case, testis Silus Pisoneni 
 lai'serat, Cic. : a d.'d reputation, laesa 
 opinio, yuint. : corn d.'d by hail, gran- 
 dine laesa C^res, Ov. 4. obsum, irr. 
 (wWhdat.: the most gen. term of all)- 
 what may promote our cause or d. theirs, 
 quod nobis adjumento futurum sit, aut 
 offuturumillis, Auct. Her. : Cic. 5. of- 
 fendo, di, sum, j (prop, to strike against : 
 much less strong thanaflligo): this talk 
 does not d. your reputatiim, hi ser- 
 mones existiniationem luani non off.. 
 fMc. : lest the brightness of the colours 
 should d. the eyesight, ne colorum cla- 
 ritasaciemoculorumof., Plin. Phr. : he 
 refits his d'd barks, qiiassas reficit rates, 
 Hor.: to repair d.d casto, dolia quassa 
 sarcire, Plin. : d.'d health, fracta valt- 
 tudo, Cic. : to d. a persirn's reputation, 
 existimationem huminis violare, Cic : 
 that will d. him mure than you, illi id 
 majori fraudi tiiiam tibi futurum est. 
 Cic. : public interests have been mine d.'d 
 than promoted by the most eloquent mtn. 
 pluradetrinienta publicis rebusquamad- 
 jumeula per homines eloquentissimos im- 
 portata, Cic. : to d. great Caesar's re- 
 nown, niagni Caesaris deterere laudes, 
 Hor. : V. to injure, hurt. 
 
 damage (subs.): |. in general 
 
 sense : 1. danmum : if the merchan- 
 dise shall have sustained any d., si nier- 
 catura damni aliquid contraxerit. Cic; 
 much d. nas sustaineii. magnum d. fac- 
 tum est, Cic : to repair d., A. resanire, 
 Suet.; supplere, Tac; reparare. Col.: 
 to make compensation for d., damna dis- 
 solvere, Cic. 2. dtlrimentum (loss 
 of any kind: less strong than 1); when 
 calamity comes, then d. is sustained, 
 cum venit calamitas, turn d. accipilur, 
 Cic. : let the consuls see that the state 
 suffer no d., videant consiiles nequid 
 respublica detrimenti capiat, Cic. : Caes. : 
 Liv. 3. incommodum (dit^advantaye : 
 a milder word than the preceding) : end 
 you will do that without any d. to ycr.ir- 
 self, nee id inc. tuo feceris, Cic. : to re- 
 pair by bravery d. sustained, acce])t.im 
 inc. virtute sarcire, Caes. 4. cala- 
 mitas : V. calamity. 5. injuria : v 
 INJURY. II. At law: Phr.: to a{- 
 sess d.s in a civil action, litem aestimare, 
 Cic: to assess d.s severely, lites severe 
 aestimare, Cic. : we do not demur to that 
 assessment of d.s, quominus secundum 
 eas tabuliis lis detur non recusamus, 
 Cic. : an action for d..-, noxall.s actio, 
 Gai.: to double the d.s for a tnspass, 
 noxiam duplionc decerneie, Plin. : (in 
 Gaius, d. dJone to property is damn um ;
 
 DAMASK 
 
 DANGER 
 
 DANGLER 
 
 d. done to jiersim, injuriae, arum : and 
 '• damages," poena, or poena consti- 
 tuta) ■ to brimi an action Jnr d.s, damni 
 (or injuriarum) actionem alicul iniend- 
 ere, Cic. ; daniui agere cum aliquo, Cic. : 
 to he cast in an action for d.s, in actione 
 damni litem perdere, Gai.: to yet d.s, 
 damni pocnam consecjui, Ual. : to pay 
 d.s, daniimm alicul praestare, Cic. ; du 
 injurlis salisfUcere, Caes. : v. hurt, in- 
 jury. 
 
 damask (subs.) : l. e. a hind of 
 woven Jabi-ic . *texlilla Damascena : 
 (pannus Damascenus, Kr. and Georg.), 
 The work called pOlymita, oruni, Plin. 
 8, 48, '75, probably resembled damask; 
 see the place. As ajdj., *l)amaicenus . 
 a d. blade, 'ferrum Iiamascenum : d. 
 rose, •rosa d. IMir. : "damask clieek " 
 (Shaksp.), roseae geiiae, Vlrg. ; g. pur- 
 pureae, Ov. : v. rosv, rdddy. 
 
 damask ("•)• I. Of woven fa- 
 
 brics: V. TO KMBROIDER. ||, Of me- 
 tals : incoijuo, xi, clum, j: of. Plin. J4, 
 n, 48 ; where the word is used of plat- 
 ing or overlaying one metal with an- 
 other. Ph r. : d.'d ivork, picturatum opus 
 metallo, Claud. Fig.: "d.'d meads" 
 (poet.), rinnuraeris] distinctae fioribus 
 herbae, Ov. : a mound d.'d u ithjtowers, 
 picturatus fioribus agger, Stat. 
 
 dame: dOmlna, hera, niutrona: v. 
 LADY, mistress: step-d., nOverca: v. 
 
 Sri I'MOTHKR. 
 
 damn: I, To doom to eternal 
 puniiliment : *damno, i : Keel. : aetcnio 
 n.jjplicio addico: v. To iK)Oii. ||, 
 
 > i g. : to hiss off tlie stouie : explodo, si, 
 sum, i: strictly to clap' off' the stage; 
 i. e. to hiss off': q. v. Ph r. : to d. ivith 
 J'anit praise, maligna laudare, Hor. 
 
 damnable : *damnabilis, e : late 
 Latin: iti cla-ssical Lat.. where the word 
 is rare, its nieanmg is simply, iiorlhy oj 
 being condemmd in any ivay : .Sidon. 
 
 damnably: damnabiliter: Aug. (in 
 sense 01, .so as to deserve condemnation) : 
 or perh. better perniciose : v. katallt, 
 DESTRCCTIVKLY. P h r. : to he most d. 
 deluded, pestilentissime halucinari, Calv. 
 
 damnation : damnatio : Eccl. 
 
 damnatory : dumnatorius : Verres 
 yan that d judgment of his, Verres ju- 
 dicium daLiai iUud suuni d., Cic. 
 
 damp ("rfjO ." I. humidus (opp. 
 
 to aridus); v moist, damimsh. 2. 
 humens, enlis : a d. atmosphere, h. coe- 
 luni, Klor. : and Aurora had moi-ed the 
 (iiiglit.^) d. sIkuIow from the pok, hu- 
 menlemque Aurora polo dimoverat 
 umbraui, Virg. Phr. : the earth grow- 
 ing d. uilh imperceptible dew, terra 
 humescens occulto rore, I'lin. : v. wet. 
 
 damp {.subs.) : 1, humor, oris • 
 
 V. MOISTURE. 2. bfilitus, us (fumes 
 of any kind): sea-d., h. maris, Plin. 
 choke-d., fire-d., metalluruni h. noxius 
 et pestilens, Plin.: v. \aiolr. Phr. 
 (fig.) : to throw a d. orer any one, con- 
 tristare, Cic. ; v. foil. art. (11.) and 
 
 GUWM. 
 
 damp (u.) •• i. Lit.: humecto, i : 
 ▼. TO moI5Ti:n. II, Fig. : 1, restiii- 
 fiuo, nxi, nctum, j : to d. the ardour 
 of desires, ciipiditatum arddrem r., Cic. 
 V. TO QUKM.H. 2. inlringo, egi, 
 
 actum, } (to break, impair, q. v.) : / 
 strongly susprct there is sonif thing 
 which d.s your sjiirits, vehenieiiter esse 
 quiddara susplcor quod te inlringat, Cic. 
 3. iniMiinuo, ui,utum, J : Cic: Llv.: 
 V. to diminish. Phr.: his enthusiasm 
 is d:'d, laiiguidiore est studio, Cic. : his 
 spirits are d.'d, humilis et deniissus est, 
 Cic: to d. their sjunts, mentis in lan- 
 guorem veriere, lac : to have one's 
 spirits d.'d, auimo jacere, Llv. ; ardo- 
 Tem remittere, Li v. 
 
 damper (s"''^-) •■ Pbr. : to act as a 
 d. on the spirits, animos restiuguere, 
 Cic 
 
 dampish :_ 1. humidCilus: Auson. 
 'Z. subhumidus, Cels. May al.->o 
 be expr. with c</mj>ar. : as a d. atmo- 
 sphere, *coelum huuiidius : v. L. G. ^\ j 5 1 . 
 Phr.: the air is d., *humescuiit aurae. 
 
 dampness : humor, iligo : v. mois- 
 
 Tl i.u. 
 
 damsel : puella, virgo : v. gibl, 
 
 MAILiK.N. 
 
 damson : *pruiium DamascGnum : 
 
 d.-lree, "pruims Damaicena. 
 
 dan (subs.) : an obsol. title ; e. g. 
 Dan Chaucer; Dan t'u^id ;=domiuus. 
 
 dance ("•) • to move tite limbs to a 
 measure or tune. 1. salto, i : to d. 
 yracejully, eleganter ». : Sail.: hardly 
 any oil* d.s when sober except a maa- 
 man, nemo lere s. sobiius, uix\ lorie lu- 
 sanit, Cic. ; with cognate uic. (L G. 
 J. 2J5) : to d. a daiice, sallationem e., 
 Alacr. : to d. the dance of the VycUipf, 
 Cyclopa s., Hor. Frequent, saltito, 1 : 
 to be in tlie liabit of dancing, Macr. 
 2. tripudio, i (strictly ol religious 
 dancing) : to d. in a manly style. It. 
 viriiem in modum. Sen. : they d.'d for- 
 ward, tripudiantes procurreruni, I'etr. : 
 to leap and d. (with Joy), exsultare et 
 tr., Cic. 3. mOveor, niotus, z ijHjet.) : 
 a ma.tron obliged to d. on a luiliday, 
 testis matruna moveri Jussa diebub, 
 Hor. : to d. the Cyclops-dance, Cyclopa 
 m., Hor. Simly, membra movere . he 
 d.'d rudely to an irregular measure, 
 movit ad incertos nescia membra niodos, 
 i'ib. 1' h r. : wlu:n the entr'acte haa been 
 d.'d, desaltato cantico. Sen. Fig.: to 
 d. attendance upon any one, assecbtri 
 aliquem (esp. of assiduous attendance 
 on candidates), Cic. ; *vestigia alicujus 
 servare. 
 
 dance {subs.) .• l. saltatio : to 
 dance a d., saltatlonem saliare, Macr. 
 Dimm., saltatiunciila: Vopisc. 2. 
 
 saUatUi, us . Llv. 3. IripQdium 
 
 (prop, religious dancing) : Join: tri- 
 pudia sollennisque siillaiu.s, Llv. : we 
 must urge the rapid a., nos decet citatis 
 celerare tripudiis. Cat. 4, pyrrhicha 
 or -e (Gr. nvppix"}, a war dante) : to d. 
 the nar d., pyrrhicham ^allare, Suet.; 
 Plin. 
 
 dancer : saltator, /. saltatrlx, Cic 
 Phr.: /tte d.«, saltantium niudu, I'lin. ; 
 sultaiOrie, Apul. • u rope d., liiiiauibu- 
 lus, I'er. ; schoenobates, ae, m. : J uv. 
 
 dancing (»«te.); saltatio, saltatus 
 V. da.sue. P b r. ; a ring Jor ti., salta- 
 torius orbis, Cic ; d.-school, ludus salta- 
 tunus, Al.icr. : d. -master or mistress, 
 armex saaalionis. Suet. 
 
 dandelion: tara.\acum- Withering. 
 
 dduoitiea: v. dandy, ioi'i-isH. 
 
 danaie : *(iiilantem) in bracUiis, in 
 niaiubus gestarc ; niutitare. 
 
 danorult : Uiriarcs capitis, Plin.; 
 l»inigu, H>n: . v. scurf. 
 
 dandy : J'li r. : ad.,a smart fellow, 
 beliuset lepidus, PI.: those as, eltgaii- 
 tiores isti, Plin. : d.s and cxijuisites, 
 mundi, elegantes, Cic. : di ipping with 
 unguents, and vnth trailing robes, he 
 came with the gait of a d., unguento 
 delibutus, vestitu affluens, veniebat 
 gressu delicato et languido, Phaedr. • 
 one of the d.s, qnidam ex deliaitis, Sen.. 
 a Curled and steided d., pexo capillo niti- 
 dus, Cic. ; homo tomptus et pumicatus, 
 Plin. : a d. "Just out of a bandbox,' 
 liijino de capsula totus, Sen. . also tros- 
 sulus, Sen., lormcrly^eques llonianu.s 
 came to nie;in a d. or exijui.\i(c : an 
 affected d., *bomo munditiis molestus 
 et ]iutidus : v. rol". 
 
 danger : 1. pciiciilum (strictly 
 a trial of some kind) : ulten joined with 
 discrimen: v. infr.: the sajety of the 
 allies is brought into the greatest d. and 
 risk, salus sucioi um in summum p. ac 
 discrimen \ucatur, Cic. : to incur d., 
 pencula subire, suscipere, ingredi, Cic. ; 
 to bring into extreme d. of on<:'s life, ill 
 summum capitis periculum arcessere, 
 Cic ; to expose to d., puriculo offerre, 
 Cic; in periculum projicere, Virg.: to 
 rescue from d., ex periculo extrahere, 
 et eripere, Cic: to be in d., in ptnculo 
 versari, Cic. ; in p. esse, Ivep. . to disert 
 in the very crisis of d., in ipso perlculi 
 discrimine destituere, Liv. : to ivard off' 
 d. Jrom the slate, rempublicam a p. pro- 
 hibere; periculum a repub. propulsare, 
 depellere, Cic : to bring anyone into cL, 
 p. lacere alicul. Sail.: d.s threaten me, 
 p. intenduntur mibl, Cic ; cuuQautur 
 
 (are stirred up against me), Caes.*. 
 there is nod. that, etc., non est perico* 
 lum ne, etc, Cic. . sImly, summum eet 
 p. ne, etc, id. 2. discrimen, inis, n, 
 (o crisis, critical circumsiances) : to 
 put a man's life in d., aliquem in d. 
 vltae (or capitis) adducere. Cic. : to run 
 it.to d., dlscrlmini occursare, Tac. . the 
 greatest and almost extreme d., maxi- 
 mum periculum et exiremura paene d., 
 Cic Phr.: your projierty is in d. 
 w/ien your neighbour's haute it on fire, 
 tua res agitur, paries cum proximus 
 ardet, Hor. ; my life ts in d., mea in 
 dubio vita est. Ter. : to be in d. of being 
 fKiisimed, veneno periclltarl, Justin ; to 
 biing into imminent d., in prai-cep6 
 dare, Liv. ; in extremum adducere, 
 Tac ; ad extremum perduceie ca>uni, 
 Caes. ■ the patient is m great (i., aeuer 
 in piaecipiit est, Cels.: to be in (i.."ln 
 lubrlco versari, Cic. • to be out of d., 
 extra metnm positum esse. Sen.: my 
 life is in d., vita mea intesta est, Cic. : 
 would that my life only were m d., uU- 
 nam meo solum capite deccmerem, Cic. • 
 he was in great d. of briny killed, baud 
 multum abluit quin interhcereiur, Liv. 
 to be in another man s • danger," alieoi 
 arbitrii esse, Suet. ; esse in regno et 
 ditiune aliiiijus, Cic. 
 
 dangerous: 1. p^riculosus: he 
 saw it wa.'i d. to the Raman people, 
 populo Romano periculosum (esse) vlde- 
 bat, Caes. ; a d. wound, p. vulnus. Cic. : 
 a d. and deceitful habit, p. et lubrica 
 consuetudo, Cic. : ue are d. to our mm 
 selves, in nosmet ipsos p. sumus, Cic ■ 
 d. risk, p. alea, Hor. • to apply d. and 
 doubtful remeihes to very seieie dis- 
 orders, gravioribus morbis curationes p. 
 et ancipites adliibere, Cic 2. anceps, 
 -lipitis ((to;<6(/uZ; cf uncertain and so 
 dangerous issue) : a noble saying for 
 the state, but d. to the sjieaker, vox pro 
 repub. honesla, Ipsi anceps, Cic. ; d. 
 roads, a. viae, Ov. ■ d. diseases, a. morbi, 
 Plin. 3. dubius (like anceps) . <t 
 circumstances, res d., Liv. ; d. times, d. 
 lempora, Hor. 4. infestus (strictly 
 hostile. i7nmical) : a d. state of health, 
 int. valetudo, Cic; o plague d. to the 
 state, pestis inf. reipub., Cic. • a d. jour- 
 ney, iter inf., Cic. 5. gravis, e (o{ 
 what is unhealthy or in any way serious 
 and formidable) : the shade is wont to 
 be d. to singers, solet esse g. cantanti- 
 bus umbra, Virg. : d. ulcers, g. ulcera. 
 Cels. 6. lubricus (lit. s/i/);)e)(/: heno 
 of that w hich exposes to Jail and in- 
 jury) : a very diff cult and d.mode oJ 
 defence, j)erditticilis et I. defenslonis 
 ratio, Cic. ; to be in a d. place, in lubrli-o 
 esse. Id. Join: praeceps et lubnciis, 
 Cic Ph r. . it is d. to buy, etc., pericu- 
 lose emitur, sail. : it is lyi y d. to make 
 a mistake in such mailers, in bis rebiin 
 magno periculo erraiur. Sen.; it is d. 
 to despise anything in an enemy, in 
 hoste nihil tuto despicitur. Curt. : i! v 1// 
 be very d. Jor you to do tnis, summo tuo 
 periculo hoc feceris, Cic. . he is a d. 
 fellow, leniim habet in cornu, Hor. a 
 d. man, homo cavendus ; metuendus ; 
 fugieiidus; Cic- a d. position, angus- 
 tiae ; discrimen ; v. straits. 
 
 dangerously: 1. pericaiosc: to 
 
 b<: d. ul, p. acgrotare, Cic ; tor wbicb 
 we tiiid also graviter se habere, id ; 
 and in praecipiti esse, Cels. 2. gri- 
 viter: ef. supr. and v. skriocsly, sb- 
 vf.rely. Phr.: d. beautiful, nlmlunj 
 lubricus adspici, Hor. 
 
 dangerousness : ""'.v usu. be expr. 
 with periculum: as. on aicuunt oJ the 
 d. or the route, •prupur pt-ricula itim- 
 ris (L. G. i 591); quod lautum periculi 
 Id lier babebaL 
 
 dangle : peudeo, dgpendeo : v. TO 
 IlANii. Phr.; Ill (A their satchels and 
 tablet d.ingat their left elbow, laevosus- 
 pensi loeulos tabulamque lacerto, Hor. 
 v. SUSPEND : Oie sails d. in the doub{/ul 
 air, vela dubia librantur In :iura, Ov. 
 Fig.: to d. aj'ter any one, lateri alicujun 
 adbaerere, Liv. ; assectari aliquem. Cic. 
 
 dangler: rare: ossecla; assectitor- 
 
 V. KOLLOWEB. 
 
 181
 
 DANOHNG 
 
 DARKLY 
 
 PART 
 
 dangling (af*;.) : pendulus . Hor. . 
 
 Ov. : CI. DANGLF. 
 
 dank: humWus, tividus, udu*: V. 
 MOIST, DAMP. But none ot thise fully 
 express the sense: ptili. [locus] loe- 
 dus atque humidus; tetra uligine mo- 
 lestus. 
 
 dapper: nearest word perh. agilis: 
 V. ACTIVE, SPRUCE. P h r. : ad. UltU 
 fellow, *homunculus alacer atque agilis. 
 
 dapple ("•) •■ macule, I : Val. Kl. ; 
 or by circuml., maculis distinguo, Ov. ; 
 maculis vario, Virg.; maculis adspergo, 
 Juv. Chiefly used in p. part, as (Uij. 
 dappled: the d.d lynx, maculosa lyn.x, 
 Virg. : a d.d horse, equus guttatus, 
 or scutulatus, Pallid. : d.d with white, 
 sparsus albo. Virg. ; intervenientibns 
 maculis albis, Plin. : d.d skies, nubes, ut 
 vellera lanae, sparsae, Piin. 
 
 dappled iadj.) •■ see verb (fin.) 
 
 dare: I. l'rans.:Jo challenge .- 
 to d. any one to fight, provSco, i (ali- 
 quem iu pugnam), Cic. ; lacesso, deposco, 
 (in pugnam), Tac. : Liv. ; v. to chal- 
 lenge. II. Intrans. . audeo, ausus, 
 2 : suttj. ausim (usu. with inf. or ace. 
 oi neut. pron. or adj., L. G. J 25 J) : the 
 peopk, by itself, d.s nothing, plcbs per se 
 nibil a., Caes. : they had d.d to leave their 
 post, loco cedere ausi erant, Sail. • d. to 
 be tcise, sapere aude, Hor. : / d. to say, 
 audeo dicere, Cic. • who had d.d to com- 
 mit capital crimes, capitalia ausi, Liv. : 
 / d. not conceal anything, uon audeo 
 ((uin promam omnia, PI.: a thing must 
 Ite done and d.d. agenda est res audeti- 
 daque, Liv. P h r. . Id. say, credo, 
 Cic. . alas ! I d. not say, hei ! vereor 
 dicere, Ter. 
 
 daric (a Persian coin): Danus (al. 
 daricus) Auson. 
 
 daring (adj.) : 1. audens, ntis 
 (in neutral sense)- the d. man has to 
 suffer no more than the coward, nihil 
 gravius audenti quara ignavo patiendum 
 est, Tac. : Virg. 2. auda.x, acis 
 
 (oftener in bad sense : v. bold) : rash 
 and d., temerariuset a., Cic. : a d. mind, 
 animus a., Sail. . rash and d. designs, 
 calida et a consilia, Liv. • favour my 
 d. efforts, audacibus annue coeptis, 
 Virg.: i/'/io more d. than If quis me 
 alter est audacior homo .' PI., infamous 
 and d. fellow! oscelestuni et a. homi- 
 nem ! Ter. 3. tero.\ : v. high-spi- 
 rited. Phr. : ad. deed (usu. bad), 
 tacinus, 6ris, Cic. ; lac 
 
 daring (subs.) -. l. audentia (usu. 
 in good sen.se, but rare) . according to 
 tlie d. eojch possessed, ut quisque auden- 
 liae habuisset, Tac. A. i ;, 5;. 2. 
 audacia (usu. in bad sense) oar only 
 hope is in d., una est in a. spes salutis, 
 Tac. : relying on d. and impiutence. :i. 
 et impudentia fretus, Cic. See also 
 
 EOLD.VESS, COUBAGE. 
 
 daringly : audenter, audacter (esp. 
 in bad sense): v. boldlv, ecu rag e- 
 
 ODSLV. 
 
 dark (adj.): I. Lit., void of 
 light : 1, obsciirus (the most gen. 
 term ; applicable to all df-greis of dark- 
 ness) : a d. night, nox ob., Sail. : Virg. . 
 d. sluuU, umbra ob., Virg. : d. gloom 
 (of the sun), ob. ferrugo, id. . a d. cave, 
 ob. antrum, Ov. : when it was note d., 
 ob. Jam luce, Liv. : v. dim, obsclre. 
 2. caliginosus (stronger than ob- 
 scurus) ■ atmosphere damp and d., coe- 
 lum humidum et c, Cic: Hor. 3. 
 opacus (opp. to apricus) : v. shady. 
 4. tgnebrosus (poet.) : d. (murky) 
 air, aer t., Virg. ; Lucan. (Tlie lorms 
 tenebricosus and tenebrieus also occur : 
 the former in fig. sense [v. «(/>•.] the 
 latter poet, and rare.) 5. caecus 
 (strictly blind; but also used of exter- 
 nal conditions preventing sight : poet.) : 
 Lucr. : Virg. 6. ater, niger : v. 
 
 GLOOMY. Phr.: it suddenly grows d. 
 (in an eclipse), repentinae obducuntur 
 lenebrae, Plin. : when, it had grown d., 
 ienebris oburtis, Nep. : it grows d. (of 
 evening), vesperascit, I'er. (tenebresco 
 ."s without good authority : Aug. : 
 llier.); the eyes beconw d. (incapable of 
 sight), caligant oculi, I.ucr. ; a d. Ian- 
 182 
 
 tern, *laternafurtiva : (R. and A.) ||. 
 Of colours . 1. pullus (very often of 
 that which is soiled and dirty ; but nut 
 exclusively so) : d. hue of wool, color 
 lanae p.. Col. : tlie d.-hued myrtle, niyr- 
 lus p., Hor, : the upper part of a hare 
 is d., the belly white, lepus superiore 
 parte p., ventre albo, Varr. 2. *^us- 
 cus (of any dark hue) : black or d. cattle, 
 nigra aut f. pecoia, Plui. : d. purple, 
 purpura f., Cic. : Virg.: v. DUSKY. (Fur- 
 vus is a poet, form of fuscus, Hor.) 3. 
 niger, ater (stronger than the Eng.) . v. 
 BLACK, swarthy 4. caeruleus. cae- 
 rulus (strictly dark blue, azure, the 
 colour of sea-water i but also applied to 
 any dark object ; poi-t.) ■ the d.-hued 
 hwses {of I'luto), caerulei equi, Ov. : 
 d.-hued filets, caeruleae vittae, Virg. 
 See also darkish. |||, Fig.: un- 
 
 intelligible : 1. obscurus : Lucr. : 
 
 Cic. : V. OBSCURE. Join: obscurus at- 
 que caecus, Cic. 2. ambiguus; v. 
 -oiBiGUOUS. Phr.: d. sayings, am- 
 bages, um, /. (in sing, the abl. only oc- 
 curs) , esp. of the oracles : Virg. ; Ov. . 
 d. sayings of the law, legum aenigmata, 
 Juv. : Cic. IV. Also f Ig. . sad, 
 
 gloomy : 1, tenebricosus a very d. 
 period, tenebricosissimum tempus, Cic. 
 V. GLOOMY. 2. atrox, ocis : stern, 
 unrelenting: q. v. See also foil. art. 
 
 dark (subs.): chiefly wilh prep., as 
 in phr. ajter dark, in the dark ; the 
 former best expr. by (de) nocte : v. 
 NIGHT (by); in the d., *per obscurum 
 [locum] ; sine luniine. Fig.: to be in 
 the d., i. e. ignorant, callgare, Plin. : 
 Sen. ; / am in the d. about those mat- 
 ters, mihi lenebrae ista sunt, Cic. it 
 t'jas not done in the d., nee clam illud 
 occulwque factum est, Plin.; my em 
 deeds are now discovered, which I hoped 
 would be kept in the d., mea nunc faci- 
 nora aperiuntnr,clam quae speravi fore, 
 PI. : I am quite in the d., prorsus non 
 intelligo, clam me est, PI. : Ter. 
 
 darken: I. hit. : tv deprive of 
 light: 1, obscuro, I (the most com- 
 prehensive term) ; btnls d. the sky iviih 
 their v^ngs, volucres aeth ra cb. pennis, 
 Virg.; a sky d.'d with niyld and clouds, 
 coeluni nocte atque nubibus obscura- 
 tum, .Sail. . V. TO obscure, dim. 2. 
 occaeco (obcaeco), i : Liv. (more freq. 
 in fig. sense). 3. obumbro, i ; v. to 
 OVEUSHADOW. II, Of colours to 
 
 make less brilliant : I, fusco, i (to 
 impart any dark hue : poet.) • Ov. : 
 Stat. 2. infusco, i (= simple verb) : 
 to d. red with, black, rufuni colorem 
 nigro in., Gell. ■ Plin. 3. coloro, i 
 (esp. of the complexion) • v. TO colour, 
 TAN. Ill, Fig.- to render obscure: 
 
 1. obscuro, I : to d. unth allegories, 
 aKKT)yopiai<; obseurare, Cic. Att. . Quint. 
 
 2. occaeco, i (v. supr.) . to d. a 
 speec/i, orationem oc, Cic. Phr.: tod. 
 the mind, cahginem offundere animis, 
 Cic. : to d. or make obscure, tenebras 
 oMucere, lucem eripere rebus, id. : v. 
 TO OB.SCUKE : wisdom is d.'d by wine, 
 sapienlia vino obumbratur, Plin. 
 
 darkish : I- Of partial absence of 
 light : expr. with compar. of adj. given 
 under dark (I) ; as, it was d., *erat 
 lux obscurior; erat locus paulo tene- 
 biosior, etc. ||, Of colour : 1. 
 
 subluscus (suffuscus) : pearls of a d. 
 hue (not clear), margarita s., Tac. Agr. 
 12. Dimin. subfusculus. Amin. 2. 
 subnlger, gra, grum (approaching to 
 blac-k): I'l. : V^arr. 
 
 darkling (ndt.) : i. e. in the dark : 
 expr. with adj. (comp. L. G. ^ 54?) . 
 they went d., ibant obscuri. Virg. 
 Phr.: "the tuneful bird sinys d." 
 (Milt.), *nocturna cantat avis canora. 
 
 darkly : \. .ds in the dark ; dimly : 
 Phr.: to see d., obscure cernere. Cic; 
 quasi per caliginem cemere, id. ||. 
 Unintelligibly, mysteriously: Phr. 
 to speak d., per ambages dicere, Liv. ; 
 spargere voces in vulgum ambiguas (of 
 malicious insinuation), Virg. ; it was 
 d. rumoured, manavit perobscura fama, 
 Liv. : it begins to be d. rumoured, in- 
 cedit rumor occultus, Tac: it moa- d. 
 
 hinted to me, per ambages injecta mihl 
 est cogitatio, Cic. 
 
 darkness: 5. Abstract; as qua- 
 lity or state : 1. obscuritas : the d. 
 of hiding places, obs. latebrarnm, Tac. : 
 filack (intense) d., atra obs., Plin. 2, 
 opacitas ; v. SHADINF.SS. (N.B. The 
 sense may sometimes be conveyed by a 
 concrete word : as, the aspect Iqf the 
 priscAi] was dismal, on cwiount of its 
 foulness, d., etc., incultu, tinebris ter- 
 ribills facies [loci j, Sail.) ||. Concrete: 
 the d., as something n hich exists : 1. 
 tenebrae, arum. d. hajl suddenly come 
 cm, tenebrae factae erant n pente, Cic. ; 
 what dense d., qiiantae t.. id. : dismal 
 d. and gloom, tetrae t. et cidigo, id. : as 
 soim as d. came on, primis t., Liv. 2. 
 caligo, inis, /. {dense d . as of dark vo- 
 pour) : the blaclcness of d., caeca c, Cic. : 
 thick d.. crassa c, I'liii. Kp. ; densa, 
 Virg. ; atra, Virg. 3. obscurum (rare 
 and poet.): in the d. of night, sub ob- 
 scurum noctis, Virg. |||, Of hues : 
 •color fuscus, subluscus. (Fuscitas oc- 
 curs once in Apul.) : v. dark (II.). 
 IV. F'S-: of the mind, etc. all 
 these events are enveloped in impenetra- 
 ble d., omnia ista crassis tenebris cir- 
 cumfusa sunt, Cic. : the d. of oblivion, 
 tenebrae oblivionis, Plin. ; of pd or, tene- 
 brae erroris, Cic . in the midst of day- 
 light to be in d., in sole caligare. Quint. : 
 
 v. GLOOM. 
 
 darksome : ater, fuscus, furvus, 
 
 etc.: v. DARK, GLOOMY. 
 
 darling : I. As adj. : 1. sui- 
 vis, e ; sometimes in supcrl., as, d, 
 Cicero, suavissimus Cicero, Cic. • v. 
 SWEET, dear. 2. mellitus : d. spar- 
 row, m. passer. Cat.; Cic. Also used 
 as subs., my d.. mi mellite ! v. infr. (II.). 
 Dimin. mellitiilus, PI. : Apul. ||. As 
 subs. : 1. deliciae, arum • my mis- 
 tress's d. (a sparrow), deliciae meae 
 puellae. Cat. Join, amores ac d. 
 ftuae], Cic. Dimin. deliciolae, little 
 a., Cic 2. mellitus, mellita; dimin; 
 mellitiilus, -a : my little d., mellitula 
 mea, Apul. 3. melHculum PI. 
 
 Phr.: Fortune's d., Fortunae filius, 
 Hor. 
 
 dam ("•) ■' saicio, rgsarcio, 4 : t> 
 
 TO MEND. 
 
 dam (subs.) : subsutiira, sartum : v. 
 Patch. 
 
 darnel: lolium; melets d., infelix 
 1., Virg. (lolium tennilentum, Cycl.) • 
 also aera, Plin. Jdj. loliaceus. Col. 
 
 darner : sartor, samix ; sarcinator, 
 
 -triX : V. MENDER. 
 
 dart (subs.): 1. telum (the most 
 comprehensive term ■ any kind of 
 missile): v. weapon, missile. Fig.: 
 the d.s of lore, tela amoris, Ov. ; of 
 Fortune, tela Fortunae, Cic. (N.B. 
 Sometimes the adj. mi.ssile is used with 
 telum, and sometimes missile is used as 
 a subs., esp. in pi.) 2. Jaciilum (a 
 dart that is thrown or hurled): v. ja- 
 velin. 3. spiculum (strictly the 
 pointed head of a javelin or missile: 
 also used lor the ueapon itself): the 
 d.s of Cupid (Amoris) spicula, Ov. : 
 Prop. 
 
 dart (''-) •• A. T '" a n s. ■ to dis- 
 charge a dart, etc. ■ jacirlor, mitto, pro- 
 Jlcio, etc.. V. TO HURL, THitow. Phr.: 
 to d. reirroaches at any one, contumelias 
 intorquere in aliquem, Cic. : to d. feice 
 glances at, truces oculos in aliquem in- 
 tendere, Plin. ; they d. I nrtiiK glances 
 at each other, furtim inter se adspiciunt, 
 Cic. : to d. looks at, oculos coiijicere in 
 aliquem, Cic. : to d. rays, or lightnings, 
 radios, or fulmina, vilir.ire. Claud. : Ov. : 
 to d. remorseless satire, truces iambos 
 vibrare, Cat. : (the serpent) d.s its forked 
 tongue. Unguis micat ore trisulcis, Virg. 
 B. Intrans.: to move quickly, 
 spring, leap: to d. upon anyone, injic- 
 ere se in aliquem, Cic: ler : to d. 
 forward, provolare, Caes. : he d.s from 
 the starting-place, carcere emical, Ov. ; 
 (the rat) d.s lightly out of the house, 
 dome levis exsilit, Hor. : to d. donn 
 from the tribunal, de tribunali devolare, 
 Liv. : the water d.s out throimh Ch*
 
 D ARTEK 
 
 DAUB EH 
 
 DAT 
 
 aperture, per foramen aqua eliditur, 
 Sen. : d.ing tongues {of serpents), lin- 
 guae vibrantes, Virg : the Jiame d.'il 
 forth, fla.nnia eraicult, Plin. : Jlre d.s 
 from the anient eyes, oculis nilcal acri- 
 bus Ignis, Vlrg. : sparlcs d. /turn tlie 
 mouth, ab ore sclntillae abslstunt, Virg.: 
 
 V. TO SI'ltING, BUSK, FLY. 
 
 darter : J&cuiator : v. hubler. 
 darting (subs.) .- 1. jacuiatio . 
 
 Sen. 2. contortio, Auct. Her. 3. 
 the d. of rays, radlorum conjectus, Plin. 
 tOr expr. by verb : v. prcced. art.) 
 
 dash(".): A. Trans.: \. To 
 strike or hurl ti-ith violence: when 
 some prep, or plirase is usually attach- 
 ed ; as, <o d. doun , in pieces, etc., v. toll, 
 artt. II, To baffle, disconcert (rare) : 
 as, " to d. maturest munsds," *consilia 
 circumspeciissinia conturbare, ad irri- 
 tum redigere ; how my hopes have been 
 d.'d, quanta de spe decidi, Ter. : v. to 
 
 DISAPPOINT, KRLSTRATE. |||, To 
 
 'mingle: misceo, inimisceo : v. TO Mix, 
 ALLOV (II.). B. Intrans.: torush; 
 inove altnig with noise and violence: 
 teror, ruo : v. to rush ; and foil. artt. 
 
 against; I. Trans.: 
 
 1. afTiigo, .\i, ctum, ; (with ace. and 
 
 dat., or more usu. in prose, a prep.) : the 
 ship was d.'d against the rocks, iiavis ad 
 scopulos afflicta est, Cic. : to d. the head 
 .lyainst a stone, caput saxo af., Tac. : 
 Hor. : Ov. Frequent, afflicto, i : to d. 
 against with repeated shocks, to d. almut, 
 Caes. : V. TO shatter. 2, allido, si, 
 >um, J (constr. similar to preceding) : 
 some (of the crew) u-ere d.'d upon the 
 rock), pars ad .scopulus allisa est, Caes. 
 3, iUIdo, si, sum, } (cliiefly poet. : 
 same constr.) : to d. a ship on the sUoals, 
 navem vadis il., Virg.: tu d. one's head 
 against the doors, caput foribus il., 
 .Suet. : Quint. 4. impinge, pegi, pac- 
 tum J (same constr.): to d. one's Jist in 
 anybody's face, pugnum in os alicujus 
 imp., PI. : Sen. : Plin. 5, off'-ndo, di, 
 sum, } : to ktiock or strike against, q. v. 
 (Affligo denotes violent and destructive 
 collision ; allido, illido, have similar 
 meaning but usu. on smaller scale ; im- 
 j«iiigo is simply to drive one object jorci- 
 bly against another.) ||. J n t ra n s. : 
 
 1, ruo, feror, j : v. to rush. 2. 
 Expr. withproii. refl. or pass, of allido, 
 Irapingo (v. supr.): as, the vave d.s 
 againU the shore, fluctus se illidit (or 
 illiditur) in litore, (Juint. : clouds d.ing 
 against eaeh other violently, nubes ve- 
 hementer impaclae, Sen. 
 
 down: I. Trans.: 1. 
 
 proruo, i, utum, j : to d. down the stand- 
 ing column, stantem columnam p., Hor. : 
 Caes. : v. to overthrow, overtcbk. 
 
 2. affligo, } to d. duii-n a mi/nu- 
 merit, o statue, munuraentuiu, statuum 
 af., Cic. : v. preced. art. (!). ||. In- 
 trans.: Vhr. ; the uater d.s do" it the 
 roclcs u-ith great force, *magno impeiu 
 aqua se dejicit, scopuli.sque illiditur. 
 
 in pieces : 1. clido, si, 
 
 sum, J : all the shijjs "ere d.'d in pieces, 
 omnes naves elisac sunt, Caes. 2. 
 dlscutio, oussi, cussum, j : Liv. : v. to 
 DEMOLISH. 3. comniinuo, ui, utum, 
 
 }: V. TO BREAK IN PIECES. 
 
 off: i- 6- '<' compose rapidly : 
 
 Ph r. : he nould often d. off a couple nf 
 hundrtd lines in an hour. In hora 
 saepe ducentos vereus dictabat sians 
 pede in uno, Hor. S. i, 4, 10 (i. e. levi 
 opera et festlnantius scribebat): versus 
 ex tempore lundelMil, cf. Cic. de Or. }, 
 
 50.194- 
 
 out : clido, T : / will d. your 
 
 brains out, elidam tibi caput, PI. ; in 
 sim. sense, dlminuetur tibi cerebrum, 
 I'er. Ad. 4, 2, ? z. 
 tlirough : perrumpo, rumpo, 
 
 T. to break THRHLi.ll. 
 
 totheground: I. Lit.: 
 
 affligo, } : v. to DASH down. II. 
 Fig. : of hopes, confulence, etc. ; to 
 destroy (spem) praecidere, Cic. ; ad irrl- 
 tum redigere, Liv. ; adlmere, Ter. : v. 
 
 TO DISAPPOINT, frustrate. 
 
 dash (*"''«•) •■ I. i'oUision: 1. 
 conBictio (a dashing together) : the d. 
 
 of tiro boiiies togetiicr, duorum corpo- 
 nini inter se c. Quint. 2. percussus, 
 ns : rocks are hoUoired by the constant 
 d. of waters, crebro p. saxa cavantur 
 aquis, Ov. : v. SHCH.K, collision. II, 
 ftush, onset: chiefly In phr., to make a 
 d. at. invfllo. 1 : they made an unex- 
 pcrial d. at the ramp, improvisi castra 
 involavere, Tac. H. 4, jj: also expr. by 
 impetus : as, tlie enemy made a sudden 
 d., hostes imijetu fact^j, etc., Caes.: v. 
 CHAROK. Ill, In abstr. sense: im- 
 petuosity, "ehm": I'hr. • the Gauls 
 have plenty of d. little stability, *Ga\[\si 
 mobilitatis atque impetus satis, stabili- 
 tatis parum, cf. Caes. B. G. 4, }J ; *salls 
 alacres sunt ad Impetus faciendos, ad 
 sustlnendos autem parum stabile.s. |V. 
 A mark in wi-iting : nota: v. mark, 
 STROKE. V. .i trace. Phr.: to qualify 
 vinegar with a d.cf honey, acelum melle 
 teniperare, Plin. : paleness with a d. of 
 violet, viola tinctus puUor, Hor. : u-ith 
 a d. of melancholy, subtrisii.s, Ter. : 
 there is a d. of bitterness (in all), surgit 
 amari aliquid, Lucr. 4, 1 129. • 
 
 dasMng (a^?-) •" ac^i". Slacer : v. 
 active, vigorods. Phr.: ad. com- 
 mander, impetus maximi imperator, cf. 
 Wll. 2, ;; : and cf. dash (subs. HI.). 
 
 dastard: liomo igniivus, fugax: V. 
 
 COWAHIl. 
 
 dastardly : ignavus, etc., v. cow- 
 
 AIIDLV. 
 
 data sing, datum: expr. by p. 
 part, of concedo: as, to assume d^mbtful 
 points <w data, dubia pro [certis atquej 
 concessis sumere, Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106. 
 Join: ccrta atque conces>a (pi.): v. 
 supr. Phr.: we cannot reason u-ilhuut 
 some ilata, *nonni3i ex notis [atque pcr- 
 spectis] ad ignota ratlocinari possumus : 
 lo reason on un.^ound data, *argumentis 
 parum firmis uli. 
 
 date (s«''«) •• I. Time of an event: 
 
 I. dies, 61: m. and /. (in pL m. 
 only) : only when the date Is a definite 
 day: in a Utter not to put the d., in 
 epistola diem noii apponcre, Cie. : the 
 d. of your letter, dies Uteris tuis ascripta, 
 Cic. 2. temjius, 6ns, n. (in most 
 general sense): v. time, chronology: 
 to learn by heart evei.U and d.s, *res 
 gestas atque temp<jra ediscere. Phr.: 
 the d. of this event is uncertain, 'parum 
 constat inter auctores, est controversia 
 inter scriptores, de anno quo haec res 
 facta sit: of ancient d., vetus, 6ris : v. 
 01 d: of recent d., rficens : v. recent. 
 
 II. The fruit of the d. tree: \, 
 p.ilniula, ae, /. : Varr. 2. balanus, 
 / and m. : Plin. 3. caryota, /. : 
 aiiJ caryotis, idis, /. : Varr. 4. tJac- 
 f Jlus, Pall. : the tree, phoenix, icis, /., 
 Plin. ; palnia: Piin. 
 
 date (>'.): A. Trans.: j. To 
 put a date to a letter, etc. : 1. do, 
 dedi, datum, I (strictly, to give to the 
 letter-carrier): a letter d.d (at) Pla- 
 centia, litlerae Placentiae dalae, Cic: 
 d.d the \2th of June, datum (also datjiun) 
 pridle Idus Junii, Cic. 2. (diem) 
 
 iiscribo (ads.), psi, ptum, ? : you don t 
 d. the second Utter, in altera epistola 
 diem non ascrlbis. Cic. : also, diem ap- 
 ponere, id. ||, In more general sense 
 to d. the building of the city from the 
 year 7;^, *initia urbis conditae ab annc 
 DCCLIll. ante Christum natiim repeiere 
 (based on Cie.) ; or, urbem ante aniio> 
 DCCLIll. qiiam naius est Chiistus con- 
 ditani narrare. Fig.: thence d.s my 
 doicnfall, hinc mihi prima mail labes, 
 Virg. B. 1 n t r a n s. : to date from 
 a certain origin : incipere ; origineni 
 trahere ; Initium capere, etc. : v. to 
 
 BEGIN, originate. 
 
 dative (<'<'j-)' dativus: the d. case, 
 d. ca.sus, Quint. : also, dativus (alone). 
 Quint. : M. I... Called also dandi casus, 
 VaiT. : tertius casus, M. I... 
 
 daub (''•)•• i. To smear: lino, ob- 
 lino, iUiiio, J : v. to hedaub. ||. 
 
 To paint coarsely : *lnsiite piiigo. 
 
 daub (suits.) : I, A smear: lltura : 
 V. blot. II. A bad painting : *tabula 
 insclte picta (?). 
 
 dauber: •■ *->. a bad painter: pictor 
 
 malus, Cic. : or perh. tiro, which is used 
 aeinEng.: v. bloinneb ^11.). 
 
 daughter: 1, nii^ (dot. ami abl. 
 pi., ufteii liliabus): Cic: Hor. (pas»im). 
 Fig.- d. of a jorett nf renou-n (epiib 
 of a ship), silvae f. nobilis. Hor. Oimiu. 
 filiola, a littU or dear d., Cic. 2. 
 nata (gnata) : poet. . the eldeit uj 
 Hriam's ds, maxima natanim lYiaml, 
 Virg. Also used in its original sen.-* as 
 part., when it takes an abl. : v. burn. 
 Sometimes a prep, is used, as, d. 0/ 
 Cecrops, de Cfcroi* nata, Ov. 3, In 
 the case of proper names e.\pres.«ed by 
 patronymic (poet.) as d. o/" J-pime- 
 tltf.us, KpimethLs, Idos. Ov. : of ftrseus, 
 Perseis, Cic 1' h r. : dLof Night. .Nocte 
 sata, Virg. : which might be expr., quae 
 matre Nocte est, Hor. : Cic : also by 
 the poets progenies Is sometimes used: 
 V. offspring : to be drliceied of a d.^ 
 puellam parere, Ter. 
 
 _ daughter-in-law : norus, ns, /. : 
 
 Virg. : Cic ( Ihe word Is also u.>ed in 
 wider sense, a young majried uomau: 
 Virg.) 
 
 daunt: pavefacio (to strike n-ith 
 panic, di'may); percello (to give a 
 shock of hoi ror): terreo, perierreo, con- 
 terreo (to frighten, alarm) : v. to 
 
 TERRIFY. 
 
 dauntless: impSvIdus, intrepidus: 
 
 V. KK.^RLfA-. 
 
 dauntlessly : impavide : Liv. 
 
 dauntlessness : lidentla, audacia; 
 v. fkarlk.-.-nej-s, daring. 
 dauphin: *delpbinus: M. L. 
 dauphiness : *delphini uxor : M. L. 
 daw : '•'■ JACKDAW, 
 dawdle («•) ; only colloq. : cesso, 
 
 I : V. TO LOITER. 
 
 dawdler : cessator, trix : v. LorrEREp.. 
 
 dawn (subs.): 1. aurora (chiefly 
 poet., and often used personally of Uu; 
 goddess so called: Virg.: Ov.): at d., 
 ad primam auroram, Liv. 2. [primaj 
 lux, iiicis, /. : a', d., (cum) prima luce, 
 Caes.: Cic: be/ore d., ante lucem, l.iv. : 
 Hor. 3. dlluculum (strictly a dimin., 
 hence early dawn) : Ter. : Cic I' h r. : 
 it tvas nut yet d., nondum lucehat, Cic : 
 befme d., anteluculo, ApuL: v&rking 
 before d, industria antelucana, Cic. 
 
 dawnCf)." 1. dllucesco, luxi. j: 
 it V as already d.ing. Jam dilucescebat, 
 Liv. : believe that every day ichich d.s is 
 your last, omnem crede diem tibi dilu.x- 
 isse supremuni, Hor. 2. illuccsco, 
 lu.xi, } : some time or otlter that day 
 will d., illucescet ille aliquandu dies, 
 Cic. Fig.: such fortune hath d'd upon 
 me. niihi talis fortuna affulsit, Liv.: 
 genius was just then d.ing in the lad, 
 scintilla ingenii jam turn elucebat in 
 puei o, Cic 
 
 dawning (adj.) : perh. primus : v. 
 DAWN (subs. 2). 
 
 day : I. l" usual sense : L 
 dies, ei, m. and/, (in pi only m.): holi- 
 days and winking d.s, d. lesti profes- 
 liqup, Liv. ; uetasll, fasti (in legal 
 sense), Ov. : tliiity lull or Ugal dj, 
 tiiginta d. justi, -Ml. Tab. ap. Gcll. : late 
 in the d., mullo die, Caes. : for the space 
 of a d., in diem, Ov. : in the course of a 
 d. and a night, die et nocte, Cic: d. and 
 night (I. e. continually), diem noctem- 
 que, Caes.; dies noctesque, Cic; diem 
 ac noctem, l.iv.; die quinetiani noctibus 
 (where the latter word is marked as 
 more extraordinary), Cic : to put off 
 from d. to d.. diem de die differre, Liv. ; 
 simly with pro.erre. Just : by d., de die, 
 Ter.: Cic (also with<iit prep.: v. 
 supr.); inierdiu, Caes. : Liv. : this sense 
 may someiimes be conveyed by the adj. 
 diurnus; as, pruse ((Ae drtek ma.'ler- 
 pieces) by night and by d., nociuma 
 versate manu, versate diunia, Hor. 
 Sometimes used by metun. lor the «y nlj 
 of a d. : aa, / examine by myst'f (the 
 deeds of) the uhole day, ioium d. 
 merom scrntor. .Sen. : a great or glori- 
 ous day, magnus d.. Tac 2. 'u^' 
 Iiicis, ./. (chiefly, but not solely, poet.) : 
 it is one hundied d-S since the dralh of 
 Clodius, cente>ima 1. est al' inleriiu 
 Clodii, Cic. : al break of d., prima luce^ 
 181
 
 DAY-BOOK 
 
 DEADEN 
 
 D E All 
 
 hW. ; V. DAWN : before it was fully d., 
 Qondum satis clara 1., Curt. 3. lumen, 
 inis, n. (rare and poet.): Virg. 4. 
 Bol, soils, m. : Virg.: Hor. Phr. : 
 every d., quotidie, in dies (singulos) : v. 
 DAILY: the day before yesterday, nudiiis- 
 tertiiis, PI. : the d. after that d., postri- 
 Uie ejus diei, Caes. : postridie is also 
 found with ace. : as, the d. ufter the Apul- 
 linarian games, postridie ludos ApoUi- 
 nares, Cic. ; the d. after I left you, post- 
 ridie quain a vobis distessl, PI. ■ the d. 
 after tu-m/rrrow, per^nilie, Cic: a space 
 vf two, three, four ds, biduiim, Iriduum, 
 quatriduura, Caes.: Cic: to be Itvo d.s' 
 }oui-)iey off, bidui {sc. iter) abesse, Cic. 
 a d.'s journey is also iier unius diei, 
 Cic : eiery other d., altemis diebns, 
 Liv. : erery third d., tertio quoque die, 
 Cic. ; before it was d., antelucano tem- 
 pore (ante liicm), Cic. ||. In wider 
 sense; a period of time: 1. dies: 
 O glorious d. ! piaeclurum diem ! Cic. 
 (who uses the e.xpr. with ref. to meeting 
 after death). 2. lempus : v. time : even 
 to this d., usque ad hoc t., Caes. Phr.: 
 in the d.s of the heroes, heroicis aetati- 
 bus, Cic. (but teniporibus would be 
 more usual). |||. The day; i. e. 
 mastery: victoria, v. victory. 
 
 day -book : _ ephgmeris ; diurna, 
 Orum {pi.) , diarium : v. journal. 
 
 day -break: lu-^ prima, Aurora, di- 
 liiculum ■ V. dawn. 
 day-dream : *vigilantis somnium : 
 
 y. DBEA5I. 
 
 day-labour : *opera quotidiana, 
 labor quotiilianus: v daily. 
 
 day-labourer: operiirius, mercen- 
 arius, Varr. i, 17- opera conducticia. 
 based on Varr. 1. c. . qui se in diem 
 locat, Sen. ; mercede diurna conductus, 
 based on Hor. 
 
 daylight: 1. lux, lucis, /..- be- 
 fore d., ante 1., Liv. : Ilur. : as soon as 
 it -was d., (cum) prima 1., Cic: Caes.: 
 m full d., clara 1., Cic. 2. dies, ei, 
 m. and /. (in pi. only m.): to Itt in d., 
 diem admittere, Plin Ep. : Lucan. 
 Phr : d. approaches, {j&vcf) lueescit or 
 liicisclt, Cic. : v. da» n (u.). 
 
 day-star : Lucifer, f6ri ; Phosphbrus : 
 V horning-star. 
 
 day's- work : opera, ae : one. d. of 
 an experienced reaper, o. una messoris 
 e.xperti. Pall. . Col. 
 
 day-time : tempus diumum : V. 
 
 DAY. 
 
 dazzle : |. Li t. : of eye-sight : 1. 
 peistringo. n.\i, ctum, ; with oculos, 
 Cic. ; aciem ocul,orum, Lucil, ap. Non. ; 
 aspectum, Auct. Her. , visum, Sen. 
 (.N.B. — Praestringo is often a v. I. in 
 MSS.) 2. obtundu, tudi, tusuni, i 
 (rare) the sight is d.d with poW, acies 
 ubtunditur auro, Claud. (Plin. uses the 
 verb in sense of to make dim.) In 
 same sense Sen. has repercutere (aciem) ; 
 ^erberare: Ep. 115, 6, 7. ||, Fig.. 
 to overwhelm v-ith splendour of any 
 Icind: 1. perstringu. } (v. supr.) : 
 the splendour of his name d.s him, 
 animi aciem pcr.^tringit splendor sui 
 nominis, Cic. 2. caeco, obcaeco (occ), 
 I V. TO BLIND. 3. capio, cepi, Ciipt- 
 um, J (1. e. to tatce by storm ; also to 
 charm) : one is d.d by the splendour of 
 silver, hunc eanit argenti splendor, Hor. ; 
 Cic. 4. (in pass.) : stupeo, fli, 2 
 
 (with in and obi, or abl. alone): to be 
 d.d with hoiii'Urs, s. in titulis, Hor. 
 Phr. to d. nn on-looker, observant! 
 oculos auferre, Liv.- d.d by the great- 
 ness of the Kornan name, *nomine Kq- 
 mano pr;icoocupaius (ba-ed on Liv.) ■ 
 a pi-rs'm d.d b.i riches, *cui divitiarum 
 refulsit splendor (based on Sen.) : see 
 
 also TO RLATK. 
 
 dazzling: ■^plendtdus, fulgidus: v. 
 BRILLIANT. BRi'inT or more precisely, 
 adeo splendidrs (fulgidus) ut oculos 
 perstriiigat : sea dazzi.k. Phr.: the d. 
 (white) ('yclo-ltis, nitenies Cyclades, 
 Hor. . a face if d. beauty, nimlum 
 lubricus adspid vultus, id.- d. Circe, 
 vitiea Circi-, d. the d. splendour of 
 cold, *nlmius aurl splendor. 
 
 daZZlJDgb' ; P h r. . the light is d. 
 
 bright, *nlmlo fulgore sue obficit lumen 
 oculis, oculorum aciem perstriiigit : v. 
 
 DAZZLE. 
 
 deacon : diaconus (Gr. Stojcofos) : 
 Tert. (The form diaco, dlacon, also 
 occurs, but should be avoided.) 
 
 deaconate, deaconship: 1. dia- 
 
 cenalus, (Is: Hier. 2. diacouium: 
 Cypr. 
 
 deaconess: diacSnlssa: Hier. 
 
 dead (adj.): I. Lit.: without 
 
 life; of persons: 1. raortuus {part. 
 of morior) : to bury a dead prrson 
 {liody), hominem ni. sepelire, Xll. Tab. 
 ap. Cic. . to raise from the d., a mortuis 
 e.\citare, Cic. The compound forms 
 emortuus, demortuus also occur: the 
 former is rare, and does not differ from 
 the simple word: for demortuus, v. 
 DECEASED : half d., semimortuus. Cat. 
 
 2. exanimus, exanimis, e : v. uvr.- 
 LKSS. 3. defunctus (strictly with 
 ellipsis of vita: having done with life: 
 so Virg.: later writers use the word 
 absol.) : a d. body, corpus d.. Curt. : 
 ■Ov. - Plin. 4. exstinctns : Juv. 
 
 Phr.: the d. {after a battle), interfecti, 
 occlsi, jacentes; v. slain : the d. as 
 departed spirits, manes, ium; unibi-.ie 
 V. shades: to rise from the d., ab inferis 
 exsistere, Cic. : nearly d., in the article 
 of death, morlbundus: v. dyiso: / am 
 a d. man! peril, occldi ! PI.; interii, 
 Ter. II. By analogy ; of things : 
 1, mortuus: d. Jlowers, m. (lores, 
 Plin.:' d. thews (i. e. void of muscular 
 power), m. lacerti, Cic: d. laws, leges 
 m., Cic. 2. emortuus : a d. fetus, 
 partus e., Plin. : d. flesh, caro e., Col. 
 
 3. demortuus (cf. deceased): in 
 the room of d. trees, in locum arborum 
 d., Paul. big. : Cels. 4. niortkinus 
 (of that which dies of itself ) : fishes 
 found d., m. pisces, Varr. Phr.: d. 
 flesh, caro hebes, Cels. (see also supr.) : 
 a d. language, 'lingua quae ex vlu et 
 coiisuetudine comniuni ablit; 1. soils 
 literarum monumentls servata, Wyt- 
 tenb. ap. Kr. : *1. cujus periit loquendi 
 usus : Latin is now a d. languaye. *non 
 iam ad loquendi usura adhibetur lingua 
 Latina (Kr. recommends lingua niortua, 
 after the anal, of Cic.'s leges niortuae, 
 I. e. laws which are a d. letter, but the 
 phr. seems of questionable propriety)- 
 a d. calm : tania nialacia ac tranquil- 
 litas ut .se ex loco movcre (naves) non 
 possint, Caes. : a d. sleep, somnus artis- 
 simus, Cic. : in the d. of the night, nocte 
 inlempesta. Sail. |||. Of civil death : 
 tajiite deniinutus- Liv. \y, Klg. 
 dull, wanting in vigour or animation, 
 etc.: Phr.: all zeal seems d., ^periere 
 hominum studia; marcent (languent) 
 omnia- the mind is d., the body slug- 
 gish, animus marcet, corpus torpet, 
 Cels.: to be d. to shame, posuisse pud- 
 orem. Mart. : a d. joke, frigldus Jocus, 
 Cic. v. dull, lifklkss. 
 
 dead-drunk: madidus (irell -soaked: 
 poet.) : Hor. ; (?) male ebrlus, potus : v. 
 
 DRINK. 
 
 dead-nettle: gsieopsis. Plin. 
 
 dead-weight : (-0 merum onus ; 
 pondus otiosum. 
 
 deaden: A. Trans. : j. Of 
 the senses: to diminish the liveliness if 
 impressions : 1. hgliSto, i (lit. to 
 lilunt : q. v.) : to d. the senses, sensus h., 
 Plin : also of colours : Plin. : v. to 
 DEAFEN, dim. 2. obtundo, tudi, tu- 
 sum, ; (I. q. hebeto) to d. ihe sense of 
 hearing, auditum ob., Plin. : v. to 
 DEAFEN, BLUNT. 3. frango, fregi. 
 
 fractum, j {to break the force of): the 
 Iteat d.s or abntes, fr. se cilor, Cic. to 
 d. the fiery taste of nine, vlna f., Mart. 
 Phr.: to d. a hloiv, *ictum molliorem, 
 levioreni reddere ; ictus vim minuere, 
 frangere. jj. Of the mind . 1, 
 stup6ffi.clo, feci, factum, j : public 
 alarm d.'d private grief s, privates luctus 
 stupefeclt lurtus publlcus, Liv. : v. 
 
 TOSTUN, STfFIFY. 2. oblundo, f. tod. 
 
 the mind, mentem, Ingenlum ob., Cic 
 
 3. hf.beto, T : by wine sorroir and 
 
 care are d.'d, vino trlstitla et cura hebet- 
 
 atur, I'lin . heart d.ing (of Lethe), 
 
 pectora hebetans, Ov. (Of the abore, 
 stupefaclo denotes a sudden, stunning 
 shock ; the other two natural and gra^ 
 dual impairing of some force of the 
 mind.) V. also impair, enfeeble. 
 B. In trans, (rare): expr. by 
 pron. refl. and verbs under (A.), or 
 their passives : v. TO decay. 
 
 deadlineSS : Phr.: a poison of re- 
 markable d., *venenum maxime exl- 
 tiale ; prae allls exltiale : v. deadly. 
 
 deadly: I. Lit.: causing death: 
 1, niortifer, 1 6ra, ferum: the d. 
 draught, m. poculum, Cic. 2, 6x1- 
 tlalls, exitiabilis, e (both somewhat 
 rare): the d. weapon, e.xitiabile teluni, 
 Ov. : more d., magls exltlalls. Plin. : v. 
 DESTRUCTIVE. 3. letalls, also letifer 
 (poet.): Virg. 4. Iune>tus, feralls: 
 V. FATAL. Phr : d poisons, *venena 
 quae ad homines nec.indos valent. ||. 
 Via.: chiefly In such phr. as d. sin, d. 
 hatred, elc: 1, capUalls, e (reaching 
 even to the life) : to be on terms of d. 
 hatred, capitall odio dissidere, Cic. : a 
 d. scourge, c. pestls, Cic: d. sin. *c. pet- 
 catum. 2. implacabills, e: I. e. im- 
 placable (q v.). 
 
 deadly (adv.) : v. mortally : d. 
 pale, luridus, vepallldus : v. ghastly, 
 j-ALE : d. nightshade, *sitT6p3L belladonna 
 Withering. 
 
 deadness : I. Of the limbs or 
 body : torpor, torpedo : v. numbness, 
 insensibility. II, Of the mind : 
 
 1. stupor (usu. as resulting from 
 some shock) : v. stupefaction, stupor. 
 
 2. torpedo, torpor . v. torpor, 
 PARALYSIS. 3. inertia: v. inac- 
 tivity, SLUGGISHNESS. 4. fngUS, 
 oris, n. {indifference) : Sen. 5. hebe- 
 Xa.\.\o{wanti^ keenness): Plin. g. In- 
 sulsitas (iiant of liBeliness): Cic; v. 
 
 INSIPIDITY, DULLNESS. 
 
 deaf: I, Lit.: unable to hear: 
 1, snrdus : Cic : d. ears, s. aures, 
 Tib. : a d.-mute, :iurdus Idemque niutus, 
 Plin. Dimin. surdaster, iomewhat d., 
 Cic 2. captus auribus {disabled in 
 the ears, whether by nature or other- 
 wise) : Cic. Phr.: to be d., carere 
 sensu audlendl, Cic. : to become d., ob- 
 surdescere, Cic. ||, Fig.: of those 
 who refuse to hear : surdus : d. to 
 prayers, in vota s., Ov. : deafer than 
 the ri.nng sea, surdior freto surgente, 
 Ov. : to turn a d. ear to prayas, surda 
 negllgere aure preces. Prop.: to speak 
 to d. ears, surdo narrare fabulam, Ter. 
 Phr.. to turn a d. ear, and refuse to 
 listen to advice, obsurdescere nee ea 
 quae monemur audi re, Cic. 1 am d. 
 (cornice), nihil audio, Ter. Andr. 5, 2, 
 22 ; mortuo verba hunt. Per. Phor. 5, 
 3, 26: to turn a d. ear to prayers, preces 
 aversarl, Liv. (see also supr.) : fear 
 makes men d., timor animi aures officii. 
 Sail, to be a trifle d., aures hebetioreg 
 habere, Cic. Plane 2", 66. 
 
 deafen : 1. exsurdo, i : Plin. 2. 
 obtundo, lull, lisum, ? {to stun with 
 innse): Ter. 3. (of disease): ob- 
 striKi, xi, ctum, j . Sen. 
 
 deafish : surdaster, tra, trum : Cic, 
 
 deafness : 1, surdltas : Cic. : 
 
 Cels. 2. suidlgo, inls, f. (rare) : 
 Marcell. Kmpir. 
 
 deal {subs.): I, An indefinite 
 measure : esp. in colloq. phr. a great 
 d. : aliquantum : as, J good d. rf land, 
 allquantum agrl, Cic. : or e.xpr. by 
 copia or vis. as, a great d. of gold 
 and silver, magna \ is auri argentique, 
 
 Cic v. QUANTITY, MUCH. ||. At 
 
 cards: (.') disiributlo. |||. A- fir 
 
 plank: *tiibula abiegna : v. FIR. 
 
 deal ('■•)-• A. I'rans.: |. Ta 
 deal out; dispertio. dispertior: diribeo 
 (only of the loling tablets at elections, 
 etc.) ; metlor {to measuie nut: as com): 
 V. DISTRIBUTE. ||. To deliver {blows) : 
 Ingero, gessl, gestum, ? : d. him, a 
 blow in the belly. Ingere pugnos in 
 ventrem, Ter.: also with dat.: Sen. 
 Fig.: of abuse : convicla tag. allcui, 
 Hor.; dictii in aliquem, PL; cootu- 
 mellas (absol.), Tac. Phr.: to d. re- 
 peated blows, iterare, densare, ingeml-
 
 DEALER 
 
 DEATH 
 
 DEBAUCH 
 
 nare: cf. Virg.'s "nunc dextra ingenii- 
 nans ictus, nunc ille sinistra,*' A. ;, 
 4;". B. 1 '1 1 rails. : |. To traffic: 
 negolior, 1 : to d. in any kind »/ mtr- 
 diandise, aliquo genere mercaturae 
 n.. Col. : V. TO TBAX>E, SELL. ||, To 
 bthaix (lonardf) : 1. accipio, cepl, 
 ceptum, } : /i« dealt grntli/ and vieici- 
 fully with the man, leiiiter honiim-ni 
 clemeDterque acceplt, Cic. : v. totkkai. 
 
 2. 4gu, 6gl, actum, j (with prtp. 
 cam; esp. iti pass, imprrs.): he will 
 undfistand thai he hits ijeen very badly 
 dealt trilh, iiit«.-Uig(!t sucuni acliun esse 
 pessime, Cic. 3. tracto, l : v. to 
 HANDLE. Pli r. : easy to d. with, facilis, 
 traciabilis- v. manageable. |||, To 
 hace III do (wiili) : 1. tracto, 1 : you 
 ■were d.iixj with the public money, pecu- 
 niam publicani tractalKLs, Cic. : v. deal- 
 ings. 2. versor, i (usu. foil. l)y in 
 and ab2.)' Cic. I'lir. : steiiig you hai-e 
 thus dealt with me, cum mecimi sic 
 exegeris, I'lin. Kp. . as you shall have 
 dealt witli me here, uti me hie habueris, 
 PI. IV. Til conti-tid: conflictor. I: to 
 d. mth iiatuits nj this fort, cum ingeniis 
 hujusmodi c, I'er. I' li r. : Tis ii-ith 
 you tliat I have to d., * tecum mibi res 
 est. 
 
 dealer : 1. negotiator, m. .- a dis- 
 hohest d., improbus n., Cic. : a d. in 
 paltry goods, soid.dae mercis n.. Quint. 
 
 2. mercator, m.: not consuls but 
 dLs in provinces, non coiisules sed m. 
 provinciarum, Cic. (For usu. distinc- 
 tion of ihe above, v. mekchant.) I'hr. : 
 a retail d,, caupo, onis; prupOla, Cic; 
 institor, Hor. ; yuint. . a wlioU^ale d., 
 niagnarius, Apul. : a d. in linen, linte- 
 irius, Ulp. . o d. in clothes, vt-stiarius, 
 Ulp.; in old clothi^, scrutarius, Cell.. 
 a money d., niensdrius. Liv. : Suet. ; 
 niimulariiis. Suet. ; and cf. PI. Aul. 5, ;. 
 Ph r. : to he a d. in any article, may be 
 expr. with vendito, veiido v. to sell. 
 Fig.: a double d., qui aliud clausum in 
 pectore, aliud in lingua prompium 
 habet. Sail. Cat. 10: homo biliii):iiis, 
 Phaedr. i, 4: simly, bilingues Tyrii, 
 Virg. Aen. i, 665 : v. hvj-ockite, 
 
 CHEAT. 
 
 dealing: |. Traffic: nggoUatio, 
 
 mercatiira, commercium .- v. trade. 
 II, Intercourse, relation : esp. in 
 pi, ; and in phr. to have d.s with -. P h r. : 
 (husbandmen) have d.s nith tlie earth, 
 rationem liabent cum terra, Cic. • / have 
 no d.s with you, nil mihi tecum est com- 
 mercii (based on PI.) the Jews have no 
 d.s witli the .•<anuintans, non coutuntur 
 ■Judaei Samaritanis, Vulg. John iv. 9 : 
 there can be no d.s betnc-n those, com- 
 mune nihil [wtest esse apud eos, etc., 
 Cic: V. CONNEXION, iniekcoubse: and 
 COmp. TO DEAL (IJ.) 
 
 dean : decanus, Hier. : cf. and chap- 
 ter, *decanus una cum canouicomm col- 
 legio. 
 
 deanery : •decanatus, decania • v. 
 l)u Cauge, s. v\-. (I.e. the ojlice) : the 
 residence, *decani aedes (.'). 
 
 dear (uJj.) : I. lHyh-priced: 1. 
 carus. what you don't uaiit is d. at 
 any price, quud non opus est asse c. 
 est, 0}Xjo ap. Sen.: d. fish, d. lamb. d. 
 everything, pisccs c.agnina c, c. omnia, 
 PI. : Cic : 1x1 y d., percarus, Ter. 2. 
 prellosus : v. iostly. I' h r. : from being 
 veiy d., things snditmly became cheap, ca- 
 rissimam annuiiam necopinala vilitas se- 
 cutaest, Cic. v hauket: <o 6e <i. may 
 also be expr. with adi: care ; or the 
 genitives magni, pluri>, etc: v. foil. art. 
 II. lliijhl y-ialued : \, riirus: 
 d. are our parents, d. our cliildnn, c. 
 suntparentes, c. liberi, Cic. Join- car- 
 issimus atq\ie umiiisMuius; cari.ssimus 
 atque amantisMinius, Cic. : very d., per- 
 carus, Cic 2. ihikis, e : best and d.est 
 brother, optime it dulcissime frater, 
 Cic. ; Hor . V. sweet. 3, gratus, 
 juiundus, i-ordi (d'lt. of cor), all less 
 strong than the Knirlish: v. accepta- 
 ble, FA>ot:KITfi, delightful, AGREE- 
 ABLE, riir my d. Cicero, mi Cicero, 
 Cic. ; my d., mea lux. meum desiderlum. 
 Or : ClC . O my d. Syi us, how d ye 
 
 do? O Syre noster salve ' Ter. : my d. 
 friend (an ingratiating nxxle of addiess), 
 U bone ! Hor. . d. pledyes (of mutual 
 affection), i. e children, pigtiora, lac. 
 
 dear, dearly (aUv.): |. At a 
 high prict : J, ciire . to sell {be $oUl) 
 d., c. venire, Varr. • to be very d. (1. e. 
 cost much), carlsslme amstare. Sen. 
 2. (only with ref. to tJie seller) : 
 bene : to sell dear (to adi-antaye), b. 
 vendere. Pi. P h r. . t« buy d., magno (or 
 m;igiii) emere, Cic. K i g. : he paid d. 
 fin- that hesitation, magno i Hi ea cunc- 
 tatio stetit, Liv. ||. Affrctionalely : 
 Phr.: toUive any one d., aiiiare aliquera 
 singulari amore ; singul.iritor, vulde, 
 unici! diligere, {.lie. it passion is in- 
 tended, amore alkiijus flagrare, ardere ; 
 aUqiiem deperire : v. To mv E. 
 
 dearness : I. ^Hyi' price -. caritas, 
 Cic : if d. of provisions be? meant, c. an- 
 nonae, id. Phr.: aftej- extreme d. ifif 
 proeisions), e.^ carissima annona, Cic. ; 
 gravitas annonae also occurs ^= caritas 
 annonae, Tac : to lessen the d. of corn. 
 annonam levare, Cic. . v. price, mar- 
 ket ; and compare foil. art. ||, I'te- 
 ciousness: caritas ■ the d. of one^s coun- 
 try and countrymen, patriae et suorum 
 a, Cic. 
 
 dearth: 1. carStas (v. preced. 
 
 an.): a d. of moiiev, numoruni c, Cic. 
 AtL 9, <), fn. 2. inOpia: v. want, 
 Dt:iSTiTtrrioK. 3. pemiria : a great 
 
 d. of wise and good citizens, magna sa- 
 pientium civium bonorumque p., Cic. ; 
 
 V. .KARCITV. 
 
 death : 1. mors, mortis, /. (the 
 most gen. term) : d. is the boinviing line 
 of (all) things, m. ultima liiiea rerum 
 est, Hor.. a speedy d, ra. cila, Hor.: 
 swlden d., m. repeiitina, t^uint. ; subita. 
 Curl. : a premature d.,m. immatura, Cic: | 
 a nwst cruel d., m. acerbis^ima, Sulp. ap. 
 Cic. : to itijiict d. on any one, alicui m. . 
 afferre, id.; inferre, Cic; aliquem ad I 
 m. dare, PI. ; morti dare, Hor. : v. to 
 kill: to injlict d. on oneself, mortem ; 
 sibi consciscere, Caes. : v. st.'ICIDE: to 
 cimdemn to d., capitis or capite dam- \ 
 nare, Cic. (which however is used of ] 
 civil death or deprivation of citizen- 1 
 ship) : punishment of d., capiUilis poena 
 (like capitis damnare). Suet. ; capitis j 
 supplicium, id.; ultimura supplicium, 1 
 Tac. : to meet d., morte (al. mortem) 
 occumbere, Cic. ; morti occuinbere, | 
 V'irg. : V. to die. 2. Ictum (chiefly 1 
 poet.) : the unfnreseen violence if d., vis 
 Improvisa leti", Hor. : to die an inglori- 
 ous d., turpi I. jierire. Cic : to visit any 
 one icith d., aliquem leto afficere, Nep. : 
 / snatclied myself from d., eripui me 
 leto, Virg. (la the best authors the 
 use of letum is confined to poetry and 
 rlietorical passiiges.) 3. nex. nccis, 
 _/'. (violent death) : to have poner of life 
 and death over one's countrymen, vitae 
 necisque in suos habere potesiatem, 
 Caes.: to put any one to an unjust d,, 
 alicui n. injnstam afferre, Cic. : to con- 
 sign to d., neci dedere, deniittere, dare, 
 Virg. (N.B. In later authors nex is 
 used for any Icind of death : Suet. : 
 Just.) 4. lunus, 6ris, n. (poet.): 
 
 to whelm i» cruel d., funere mergere 
 acerbo, Virg.: also f. crudele, Ov. ; v. 
 i-UNEKAL. 5. obltus, US (very freq. 
 of death in the ordiiiary course of 
 things) : after the king's death, post 
 regis oh., Cic. • Caes. 6. decessus, as 
 (=obitus) : Cic 7. excessus. iis Tac : 
 Suet. (The last three words have a 
 milder e.xpressiun than the preceding 
 ones.) 8. int^ritus, us (only of violent 
 d.) : Cic : V. i>K»TRi;(Tios. Also in 
 poet language, Orciis, latum, inlSri, etc., 
 may often be usid: v. <,rave (subs.). 
 Phr.: the day of d., diis supremiis, 
 Cic. ; dies nigir (poet ), Prop. . the sleep 
 of d., perpetuus sop<ir, Hor.: in the 
 agonies of d., mOribundus, Cic. . mi 
 inie's d.-bed, morieiis, id. (morlbundus 
 being an Intensive word, denotes ihe 
 nearer ap^rroach of death): to liteed to 
 d., •sanguine eniisso mori : if by an 
 opening in the veins, vents exsi'huls 
 mori, cf. Tac 16, I1, 19 to fiel cntsef 
 
 to d., niori curls, 'lib. to hug an ■ML 
 death's head, m<<rteiii amplexari. In. 
 
 death-bed: clnetiy in phr. on hit 
 or Iter d. bid. niorieiis, Cic. v preced. 
 art. (fin.) : o d.-bed repentance, •sera 
 morientis poeniteiitia. 
 
 deathless: immortalU, e: t. Df- 
 
 liOICTAL. 
 
 death-like : cadavgrosus, mortuSsus 
 (ran); Inrldus. v. ohastlv. (Orexpr. 
 by cirrunil., morti slniilis, similliIIm^.) 
 
 death's-head (" motii) : 'sphinx 
 
 alro|).«: l.inn. 
 death-warrant: Vodiciili de nece 
 
 allcujus.v ripii (i.r ^imply ciditilli, when 
 the context Ahows what is meant Tac 
 A. 1,6). 
 
 death-watch: 'termespulsaiortus; 
 Linn. 
 
 debar: 1. excliido, si, sum, j. 
 
 to be d.'djrom the hi/nour of the trium- 
 virate, decemviratus honore excludl, 
 Cic. ■ v. TO EXCLUDE. 2. proliibeo, 2 
 (constr. various: v. to prevent) wilt 
 thou d. us from the language of sup- 
 pliants T nos supplicum vcxe prohlb- 
 ebis t Cic : to d. from fi-iendthip (with 
 another person), a familiarilate pr., id.: 
 / suppose the weather lias hitiierto d.'d 
 us from having certain news of you, 
 hiemem credo adhiic prohibuisse quo- 
 minus de te certum haberemus, id. • 
 who d. Joreigners from freipientmg 
 their cities, qui peregrinos prohibeni 
 urbihus uti. id. 
 
 debark : v. to disembark. 
 
 debase: I. Lit-: (of coin): i. 
 adultcro. I (gen. term for any kind 
 of adulteration . q. v.). 2. mi>ceo, 
 2 : V. TO ALLOY (I.). II. Fig., to lower 
 the character of anything : L de- 
 honejto, dedecoro : v. to di.s;racf, de- 
 grade. 2. demitto, misi, mis^um, j 
 Cic. to d. imiself to Jlaltery,-iiA adula- 
 tlonem demitti, Tac : v. to coNDtscEND. 
 
 debasing ((uij) •• lurpis, e (or dis- 
 grwejul) : d. luxury, I. luxus, Juv. 
 
 debasement: I. Lit.; aduits- 
 
 ratio. aduUeriiim (gen. terms) I'lin. 
 II. Kig. : hOmilitas, dedfcus, de- 
 missio . V. abasement. di?geacf.. 
 
 debate (»•) •■ I. Trans. - ^odi'»- 
 cuss : 1, disputo, I (i e. to ei<imiiie 
 a lliing carefully pro a»/d con): v. dis- 
 cuss. 2. agito, I (with cux. or de 
 and abl.) : to d. a point u-ith ones-lf. 
 aliquid secum a., Ter. : Cic. : v. t<j con- 
 sider, be\olve. 3. ago, egl. actum, 
 J (with de and ahl. -. only of delibera- 
 tive bodies) : the conditions (of j^ace) 
 were being d.d, de condiiionibus ipacis) 
 agebatur, Liv. . while the subject of 
 Catilin^s conspiracy nas being d.d in 
 the senate, quum de Catilinae conjura- 
 tione ageretur in curia. Suet. ||. 
 In trans.- discepto, argimentor, con- 
 certo, I : v. TO AKGL'E, DIsCCSS. 
 
 debate (sid)S.) : l. controversla. 
 disceptatio : v. dispute, discusbios. 
 2, (Of a debate in a delitn-rativo 
 body) : expr by agiiur (imjiers.) : 
 during the d., interea duiu [de ea re] 
 agitur: V. preced. art. (3). 
 
 debateable: 1. ambiguus. v. 
 
 DOUBTEOL. UNCERTAIN. 2. dispCiti- 
 
 bllis, e: Sen. 3. controversus or 
 
 controversiosus : S<-n. Phr.: thert 
 nas no d. point, controversia non trui, 
 Cic: it ivas a d. matter, in in>erlo 
 crut, .Sail. : that is a d. punt. *de ea re 
 in utramque partem agiiur. .jgi potest 
 there was some d. tenitory, •aliquan- 
 tum agrl t-rat juris iiicerti. 
 
 debater : 1. dispuiator an acute 
 d., an orator by no means imjietuoiu. d. 
 siibtilis, orator parum vehemens, Cic. 
 2. argiimeiitator Tert 
 
 debauch ('••)• I. "oddy: \. 
 
 stupro, constupro, i ; Cic. 2. vitio, 
 I : ler. 3. c<>rrunip<s rupl. nipium, 
 J : Mart. : Suet. ||. .Mentally or 
 
 moniUy • perdu, corrumpo v. t-j cob- 
 KUPT. Oi expr. b}' clrcuml as. flagi- 
 tiis imbuere, ii&suescere v debauch- 
 ery . mala facinora edocere. Sail. CaL 
 1 6. V. to seduce. 
 
 debauch (subs.) : c6mlSl^atlo (a 
 dnnkinj bout) ■ to prolong a i, til 
 i84
 
 DEB AUCHE E 
 
 DECAY 
 
 DECEIVE 
 
 midnight, ad mediam noctem c. extend- 
 ere, Suet. . v. revel, carouse. 
 
 debauchee : 1. ganeo, enis (fre- 
 quenter ot brothels) : Cic. : Ter. 2. 
 scortaior (= ganeo) : Cic. 3. Expr. 
 by adj. : as, homo impurus, flagiliu- 
 sus, dissolutus, Cic. : v. dkphaved, pro- 
 fligate. Phr. . a ^oui/gr (/., Irapurus 
 adolescens et petulans, Cic. 
 
 debaucher: I. '-it : 1. ^or- 
 
 rxiptor ■ d. uj' Vestah, c. Vestalium, Cic. 
 2. stiiprator Suet. 3. constu- 
 prator: Li v. ||. Fig.: in moral 
 
 sense : corrnptor : Cic. 
 
 debauchery : 1. stuprum, esp. in 
 pi. : stfeped in d., stupris coopertus, 
 Liv. (See also under 2.) 2. ganea 
 (strictly a broUiel : hence licentious 
 living ; in this sense not ganeuni) the 
 reek and fume of your ds, ganuarum 
 tuarum nidor alque lunius, Cic. . Tac. 
 In the same way Is used, lustra, orum, 
 n. : as worn oat by untie and d., vinu 
 lustrisque conlectus, Cic. Join; in 
 ganea lustrisque (vitaui agere), Liv.; 
 libido slupri, ganeae. Sail. 3. Hagi- 
 tiuni ; esp. in pi. ; to plunge into d., in 
 flagitia se ingurgitate, Cic. : in what d. 
 they lived, quibus f. vixerint, id. (The 
 word is applicable to disgraceful con- 
 duct of all kinds, esp. sensuality.) 4. 
 luxiiria (not so strong as the pre- 
 ceding): V. LUXURY. Phr.: to give 
 umy to d., libidlnor. Suet ; Pamare, 
 Sail.] : a house of d., domus in qua 
 lustra libidinesque versantur, Cic. v. 
 
 LICENTIOU.SNESS. 
 
 debenture : (a writing aclanow- 
 ledging a debt) : 1. (?) chirograpliuni, 
 or cbirogriiphus (note of hand) : Cic. 
 2. syngrapha (a bond) : Cic. 
 
 debilitate: debilito, l, Cic: V. EN- 
 
 FEEBLK. 
 
 debility : debllltas, Infirmitas . v. 
 
 FBEBLENli^SS. 
 
 debit {sabs.) : expensum : the ac- 
 count of d. atul credit t)etween us tallies, 
 ratio accept! et ex. inter nos couvenit, 
 PI.: Cic. 
 
 debit ("•) •■ expensum (expensam pe- 
 cuniani) alicui ferre, Cic. : this is the 
 most precise phr. . may also be expr. 
 by, in codiceni or tabulas referre ; in 
 rationes inducere (i. e. 'o enter in an 
 account-book): v. to enter (<)a»s.) 
 
 debonair: perh. comls (couiteous), 
 or Iftpidus (gracejul and fascinating) : 
 
 Y. GRACEFUL, AGREEABLE. 
 
 debt: I. Of money. 1. aes 
 
 alienum (the usual term of pecuniary 
 obligation) : to be in d., in aere al. esse, 
 Cic. : if very much so, aere al. laborare, 
 Caes. : to contract a debt, aes al. contra- 
 here, Cic. ; coiiflare. Sail. : to get into d., 
 in aes al. Incidere, id. ; head over ears 
 in d., aere al. oppressus, Cic. ; demersus, 
 Liv.: heavy d., aes al. grande, Sail.; 
 magnum, Cic. : to liquidate a d , aes al. 
 solvere. Sail.: Cic: Liv.; dissolvere, 
 Cic. ; exsolvere, Caes. : not to be in any 
 d., In aere al. nullo esse, Cic. : to get out 
 of d., aere al. exire, Id. But with the 
 adject, pron. mens, tuus, etc., alienus 
 must be omitted: as, in my d., rn meo 
 aere, Cic. 2. debitum (r.ire : mid usu. 
 with something In the conie.xt to limit 
 it), to pay any o«e a d., alicui debiium 
 [debitam pecuniam] solvere, Cic. 3. 
 nomen, inis, n. (lit. a name : hence only 
 of debts that are booked) : to enter a d., 
 n. in codicem referre, Cic. : to transfer 
 ad., n. ni allum transcribere, Liv.: to 
 pay a d., d. sohere, Cic: to call in d.s, 
 nomina exigere, id. : to sue for a d. (de 
 nomine) appellate, Cic 4. creditum 
 (a loan) : to hold security for a d. 
 (loan), pignora in creditum possidere: 
 Ulp. Phr. an abolition of d.s, ta- 
 bulae novae, Cic. : to pay every one his 
 d. in fidl, siilidum suuni cuique solvere, 
 not to be able to pay one's d.s, non sol- 
 vendo esse, Cic. (v. insolvent): to re- 
 mit a (loan) debt, creditas pecunias con- 
 donare, Caes. : to be over head and ears 
 i» d., animaro debere, Ter. Phor. 4, ), 
 56 (Kr.) one who is so, obaeratus, Liv. : 
 Tac; II. In gen. sense; of any obli- 
 gation : debitum to pai/ the d. af nature 
 186 
 
 (lit., to nature), naturae d. reddere, Nep. ; 
 reddere. Curt. Phr.. to discharge ime's 
 d. to one's country, patriae quod quis 
 debet solvere, Oic. : to pay a d. of gra- 
 titude, beneticium alicui solvere, id. : / 
 am still- in your d., *adhuc tibi debeo. 
 
 debtor : I. L ' t- 1. debi- 
 
 tor : Cic. : Hor. : a female d., debitrix ; 
 Paul. Dig. 2. nomfin (strictly aname 
 booked r v. debt, 3 : rare in this sense) : 
 Cic. 3. obaeratus : Cae-. : Cic. Liv. 
 
 4. debens, ntis((ni^e)/. j)aj<.): Sen. 
 II. Fig.: debitor, a d. for his 
 life, vitae debitor. Ov. Phr.: / am 
 your d. for everything, *ijmnia, cuncta 
 tibi debeo: better so expr. in prose 
 than with debitor: v. to owe. 
 
 debut : initlum: to make one's d. on 
 the t^tage, initium in scenam prodeundi 
 auspicari. Suet. Cal. 54 : having made 
 a sitecessful d., *telicibus initiis in- 
 gressiis. 
 
 decade : '• e. the number ten ; ten of 
 anything ; 1. deciiria • Varr. : Col. 
 (But the word is generally used in wider 
 sense.) 2. dec:is, adis, /. : I ert. 
 
 used in M. L. to designate the decades 
 of Livy : Forcell. s. v. 
 
 decadence : (?) occasus, us : v. de- 
 
 CLINl:. 
 
 decalogue : decalOgus : Tert. 
 
 decamp : I. L i t. : to break up 
 a camp : 1, (castra) moveo, niovi, 
 nioium, 2 : Caes. . Liv. : also with el- 
 lipsis of castra: after he had d.'d from 
 canosa, postquam Canusio moverat, 
 Cic: Caes. 2. (signa) convello, velli 
 or vulsi, vulsum, } (lit. to tear up the 
 standards from the ground) : Caes. 
 3. discedo v. depaht. ||. P" i g. ; 
 to goauay in a hurry or clandestinely : 
 
 I. subdiico, xi, ctum, j (with pron. 
 reJI.) : it is time for me to d. hence, 
 tempus est s. bine me, PI. 2. faeesso, 
 }: v. DEPART. Phr.. you just d.! 
 hinc vos amolimini ! I'er. 
 
 decampment : discessus, fiiga : v. 
 
 DEFAKTURE, FLIGHT. 
 
 decant : 1. diffundo, fndl, fusum, 
 J (to transfer inlo smaller jars) : Hor. 
 Ep. I, 5, 4. (Not del undo, which is 
 simply to pour out, as into cups.) 2. 
 transfundo, j Col. 
 
 decanter: pevh. lagena (a long- 
 necked vessel) : v. flagon : or, ampulla 
 (big-bellied) : v. bottle. 
 
 decanting : transfusio ; Plin. (U^u. 
 belter expr. by verb : us, after d., quum 
 diffubum sit vinum : v. to decant.) 
 
 decapitate : securl lerlo, detrunco, 
 decollo: v, to behead. 
 
 decapitation: v. behicadikg. 
 
 decasyllabic : 'denisyllabas . like 
 hendecasyllabus (Plin. jiiii.). 
 
 decay: I. Af. Jloners : marcesco, 
 flaccesco, dcfioiesco : v. fade, withei:. 
 
 II. As buildings; to go to ruin: 
 1, dilabor, lapsus, j : Lucr. : Lit. ; 
 
 Tac. (Not labor or collabor, which de- 
 note actual falling and ruin.) 2. 
 putresco, putris tio : i. e. to rot away : 
 
 cf. Hor. Lp. I, 10, 49 : Cf. DECAYED. 
 
 I|l. Fig.. 1. deacio, j: i.e. 
 to fail, fall short: q. v. 2. dilabor, 
 ; (to go to ruin ■ cf. supr.) : the com- 
 monwealth is d.ing, respublica dilabitur : 
 Cic. : Hor. 3. miinio. dimtnuo, i, 
 (11 um, } (in pans.): meimiry d.s (with 
 years), memoria mmuitiir, Cic. . v. 
 DiiiiNiSH. 4. siinesco, ui, j (lit. to 
 grow old : very freq.) : to d. and soon 
 tocometo nought, s. brevique tempore ad 
 nihilum venire, Cic. : opp. to cresco, 
 Nep.: loce d.s, s. amor, Ov. 5. tii- 
 besco, } : v. WASTE AWAY. Comp. 
 foil. art. 
 
 decay (subs.) .• |. Lit.: 1. 
 
 caries, ei, /. (rot) : d. spreading be- 
 neath the bark, c. cortici subnascens, 
 Plin. 2. tabes, is,y. (ifasd'w/aicai/) : 
 d. and death (of trees), t. niorsque (ar- 
 boruni), Plin. 3, putredo. Tiiis, /. : 
 v. ftor II, Fig.: 1, (from old 
 
 age) : senium : inactivity and d. of the 
 mind, torpor mentis ac s.. Sen. : to go 
 to d. (of laws), senio tmori. Cell. 2. 
 defectio : d. of strength, d. virium, Cic 
 3. diniinutiu . d. if a tdmilu. 
 
 d. lamiliae, Plin. Phr.: to go to d^ 
 dilabi, senescere, etc. see verb, also 
 foil. an. 
 decayed ( pi^rt. adj.) .- | , L i t. r 
 
 1. cariosus (as teeth): Cels. : PUn. 
 
 2. e.xesus (of nhich part is eaten 
 away) : a d. tooth, dens ex., Cels. 3. 
 marcldus (strictly, drooping, uilhered) : 
 d. posts, asseres m., Vitr. 4. obs6- 
 letus: a hut d. and Joul, obsoletum 
 sordibus tectum, Hor. ||. Fig.. 
 Phr.: a lion of d. strength, defectus 
 viribus leo, Phaedr. : d. states, rcspuh- 
 licae quae lubetactae sunt, Cic (but the 
 expr. is less strung than the Eng.) : 
 *quae senium passae sunt ; jam vetust- 
 ate obsoletae. 
 
 decaying (adj) ■• I. L i t. ; puter 
 
 (-trls), piitris, pCitre: Vacuna's d. Jane, 
 Vacunae fanum p., Hor. More usu.. 
 II. Fig.: 1. deliciens, ntis 
 
 (failing) : V. TO FAIL. 2. caducus 
 (falling, ready to Jail) ; d. fame, lama 
 c, Ov. 3. inlraclus : i. e. enfeebled, 
 impaired : see xm. 
 decease : (s"bs.) : decessus, 5bUus : 
 
 V. DEATH. 
 
 decease (^•) •• 1. demorior, mor- 
 tuus, } (esp. with ref. to a successor) : 
 one of the old senators having lid, cum 
 esset ex veterum numero q\iidani sena- 
 tor dtmortuus, Cic. : into the room of 
 the d.d, in locum demortui, id. 2. de- 
 cedo. excedo : v. TO die. 
 
 deceased (part, adj.) .- demortuus : 
 V. prcced. art. 
 
 deceit : 1. fraus, fraudis,/. (differs 
 from fallacia in denoting generally dw- 
 konest action, whei eas fallacia usu. refers 
 to words only) : either by open violence 
 or by d., aut vi aut fraude, Cic : v. 
 FRAUD. 2. fallacia (in xoctk); with- 
 out hum,bug or d.. sine fuco et fallaciis, 
 Cic. Join: ex fr.iude, fallaciis. men- 
 daciis, Cic. ; per iloluni et fallaciam, PI. 
 
 3. dolus . esp in phr. dolo malo, i. e. 
 maliciously and dislionestly, Cic : Ulp. 
 Often in pi.: Cic- Caes.: v. strata - 
 GiiM, THICKS. 4. mendacium (in 
 words) : v. LYING : JuU of dishonesty 
 and d., tolus ex fraude et niendacio 
 tactus, Cic. Phr. there is some d. rn 
 the matter, aliquis error latet, Virg. 
 
 deceitful: 1. fallax. acis: a d. 
 imitation and pretence of virtue, f. inn- 
 tatio stniulatioque virtutis, Cic. ; a 
 false and d. hope, spes lalsa et f., id. 
 2. dSlosus (Jull of wiles and stra- 
 tagems): V. CUNNING. 3. fraudu- 
 lentus; V. DISHONEST. 4. viinus (tig. 
 unsubstantial) : v. deceftive, vain. 
 5. falsus : V. false. Phr.: ad. 
 rogue, veterator (<jne old in deception) -. 
 Ter. : *ad lallacias, dolos, macliinas, 
 fraudes instructus, paiatus: v. deceit, 
 tricks. 
 
 deceitfully; 1. fallaciter: Cic. 
 Join: ticte et fallaciter, Cic. 2. 
 
 dolose: V. CUNNINGLY. 3. per d6lum, 
 per fallacias, etc. : v. deceit. 
 
 deceitfulneSS : may usu. be expr. 
 by means ot subs, lor deceit (q. v.) : esp. 
 in pi. : such was his d.. *tantae erant in 
 eo lallaciae, taiita nieiidaeia ■ to hate d., 
 *lraudes, dolos, fucum et fallaciam oni- 
 nem odisse : v. deceit : v. Nagels. p. 
 ^i i 12 (L. G. } 591). 
 
 deceitless (rare) : v. guileless. 
 
 deceive: I. Trans.: 1. dc- 
 cipio. ci'pi, ceptum, j ; usu. of inten- 
 tional decejition: to d. the foolish and 
 unwary, sttiltos el incautos d., Cic. n e 
 are d.d by an ajtpearanc of right, deci[ii- 
 mur specie recti, Hor. Join: inducere, 
 decipere ; omni fraude fallere, Cic. 2. 
 fallo, felelli, falsum, ? (to lead into 
 error ; intentionally or not) ; to d. any 
 one 6;/ Jies, mentiendo aliqueni f.Clc. : 
 V. supr. 3. induco, xi, ctum, j (to 
 Uad a person on uith uords): Cie. : 
 Ter. (less freq. duco, Ter.). 4. lacto, 
 I (sim. to induco: to entice on, cajole) : 
 Ter. 5. liaudo, eircumviiiio, etc. : 
 V. TO cheat. 6. frusiror, destituo : v. 
 TO DISAPPOINT. Comp. also to delude 
 FOOL. Phr.; to d. any one, alicui verba 
 dare, Ter. ||. In trans.: men- 
 
 tior. 4 • the forehead, the eyes, the face
 
 DECEIVER 
 
 DECISION 
 
 DECLARATION 
 
 vary often d.. Irons, oculi, vultus per- 
 Baepe m., Clc. • / do not say he is (m- 
 tentvmaU'i) d.ing you, noii dlco ilium 
 m. tibi, Sfii. 
 
 deceiver: 1. deceptor (rare) : 
 
 Sen. (poei.). 2. fruiidalur Cic. : v. 
 CHEAT. (More u.-.u. e.xpr. by meiitiri 
 or some similar wonl a-s, you art a d., 
 mentiris: v. dkckive, 11.). or by cir- 
 cuml. as, a wickfd d., *improbiis falla- 
 tiarmn l.-ibiiaitor. artilex : v. UKCKIT. 
 
 December: i>ecember, bris, jn. ; icy 
 D., gilulii.-. I)., t'ic. I' h r. . a letter dated 
 the last of />.. litterae datae pridlc Kal. 
 Jan. (= Kalendas Januarlas), Oic. Also 
 as o^j. •■ to avail oneself of I), licenc:. 
 iibertate Decenibri uti, Hor. : on the 
 Jdes of v., Idibus IJecembrlbus, Liv. 
 (N 15. Or Idibus Decembris.) 
 
 decemviral : deccmviralis, e. the d. 
 /lOiiei-, putesias d , l.iv. . Cic. (Or expr. 
 by yKi>. ot di'iemvlri • v. dkcsm\ iRs.) 
 
 decemvirate : decemviratus, us, 
 m. ■ Cic. I.lv. 
 
 decemvir : dgcemvir. \iri (more 
 usu. in III. . wben the word is appli- 
 cable to any board (f tev) : Cic. : ]av. 
 
 decency : I. Of general bearing : 
 
 I, decorum; see Cic. 0(1. i, 28, 
 where the entire subject is discussed 
 to obserie d., d. servare, scqui, Cic. ; 
 cusliidire, t^iiini. 2. decentia (a rare 
 word, and iniroduced by Cic. with ut 
 ita dicam, N D. 2, 58, 146) v. fitting- 
 NKi--. 3. decor, oris (not to be <un- 
 I'ounded with decus. decoris) : yuint. 
 
 4. honestas (a word of wider sig- 
 nificance): V. HONOUK, RRSPECTABILITV. 
 
 II. In more spi-cial sense : pudor. 
 verccundla ; v. jiodi-:sty. (N.B.— In 
 both senses often lietler e.xpr. by a 
 verb- as, to have iryard to d., 'quid 
 deceat curare; ne quid fiat quod pu- 
 
 deal; V. BECOMING, I'KOI-KK.) 
 
 decennial : I. Lastiny ten ifars : 
 1. decennalis, e . Amm. 2. de- 
 cennis, e: a </. war, bellum d., Quint, 
 (bellum decem aniiorum ; L. G.$ 2^4). 
 II, Occurrvig every tenth year : 
 deceniiiilis ; d. gavies, deceuualia, In- 
 script. ap. Gruter. 
 
 decent: 1. dgcens, dgcOrus. V. 
 BECOMING. 2. verecundus- language 
 by no means d., verba paruni v.,yiiint. 
 V. MODEST. 3. honestus (of that 
 which has nothing disgraceful about 
 it) : an orderly axd d. entertainment, 
 convivium moderatum et h., Cic. : v. 
 RKsrECTABLE. 4. Very often e.\pi. 
 by verb ; as decet, or, in negative 
 sense, dedecet v. becoming. 
 
 decently: 1. dScenter; Cic: V. 
 
 BKCOMiNGLV. 2. h6neste ; that he 
 
 might fall the more d., quo honestius 
 
 caderet. Suet. : Ov. 3. decoie Cic. 
 
 4, verecunde . v. jiodestlv. 
 
 deception : I. The act of deceiv- 
 ing : fraus, fallacia, d6lus v. dece t. 
 Or expr. by verb. as. to delight in <'., 
 *ex hominibus decipiendis voluptatem 
 capere, mentiendo gaudere, etc. : v. de- 
 ceive. I'hr. to iiici ease one's stature 
 by d., inendacio staturam adjuvare. Sen. . 
 vrithoul any d. vhaltver, sini' fuco et 
 fallaciis, Cic. Att. i, i. ||, The means 
 of deceiving : mendacium, dolus v. 
 lie, STRATAGEM. I'hr.: Some d. luiks 
 (in the horse), aliqui? latet error, Virg. 
 (N.B. — Not dect'piiu m either sense, ex- 
 cept in inferior authors.) 
 
 deceptive : 1. faliax, acts : d. 
 
 merchandise, (alliices merce.s, Cic. 2. 
 niendux, acis . u d. mirror, m. speculum, 
 Ov. 3. viiiuis (i.e. em/ity. u>iiial): 
 to trutt to d. speech, vaiiae oralmni 
 tredere, Cic. : v. false, DKCEiTFtL 
 
 deceptiveneSS : falliicia, menda- 
 cium: v. DECKITFLLXESS. 
 
 decide: A. I'rans. : j. Ju- 
 dicially 1. discepto, I (implying 
 that the matter dicid. d on Is carefully 
 weighed) : to d. matters justly and 
 tvisely, res juste sapienterque d., Cic. : 
 T. TO SETTLE. 2. dijudico, I (to ad- 
 judicate brtrreen two parties): to d. a 
 cause, causam d., Liv. : Cic. (also judico, 
 with de Caes. : Cic). 3. decermi, 
 creTi.cretum, ; : v.to uetehmink. 4. 
 
 dirimo, emi, emptum, j (to bring a 
 controversy to a settlement): to d. a 
 dispute, cuntrover.siam d.. Cic. ; litem 
 d., Ov. 5. decido, cidi, cisum, i (to 
 cut short ht'igatirm): to d. a ijueslion, 
 quaeslioneni d., Ulp. (N.B.— Most of 
 the alxive pur. may be used also in non- 
 judicial sense.) I'hr.. to d. a eontro- 
 vet SI/, litem secure (poet.V Hor. the 
 matter has yt tn he d.d, adliuc sub 
 Jndice lis est, Hor.: v. undecided. 
 II. Kitra-Juditial : to settle finally 
 (cf. svipr. /i».). 1. decerno, j: the 
 I'irst shout and onset d.d the matter, 
 primus clamor et impetus rem decrevit, 
 Liv. ; the question uill he d.d by Ihit 
 battle, whether, ew., decemetur hoc proe- 
 
 lio utrum Caes. (In the ^ame 
 
 way Tac. uses arniis discepUire ) 2, 
 profiigo, I (strictly to deal a heavy blow, 
 dash down: hence, virtually to decide a 
 war) to d. the issue if wars, bella p., 
 Tac Ger l?. 3, dcbello, i (to bring 
 a war to an end: often impers.): the 
 camjiaigii was d.d by a single battle, 
 uno proelio debcUattiin est, Liv. Phr. ■ 
 to refer a matter to arms to d . rem ad 
 arnia deducere, Caes. |||. To make 
 up ones mind: statue, consliluo; de- 
 cerno, etc. : V. TO RESOLVE, DI'TEBMINE. 
 B. In trans.: 1, jfidico, I : to 
 d.fahelii. falsum j., Cic. v. TO judge. 
 2, discepto, I : tod. hetneenfrieiiils. 
 inter 'ainicos d., I'lin. 3. stutfio. ui, 
 utuni, } : to </. against any one, contra 
 aliquem St., Cic. 4. decerno, } : to 
 d. in favour of, agamft, any one, se- 
 cundum, contra, uliqueni d., Cic. 
 
 decided (adj.) : \. Of persons 
 firm, ri solved: 1, firmus: with very 
 d. temper, fimio [constanti'iue] animo, 
 Cic. (juii.). Cic: </. in one's purpn^e. 
 tirmus proposito. Veil. 2. slabilis, 
 e: V. HUM. 3. constans, ntis (con- 
 sistent. adhering to its course) : Cic. : 
 V. supr. 4. ti'iiax propositi (poet.) 
 Hor. II, Of things : aliout which 
 
 there can he no doubt : 1, cerius : 
 d. proofs, indicia c, Cic. : v. certain. 
 2. manifeslus Cic. : I'lin. : v. 
 EVIDENT. 3. baud dubius : v. UN- 
 
 DOUBTED. 
 
 decidedly: I. ^" « determined 
 manner, tirine, firniiter: v. firmlv. 
 II. As a qualifying adverb, indis- 
 putabiy : V h r. d. fir.^t. facile princeps. 
 Cic. . d. the most flourishing state, longe 
 opulenti-ssiina civitas, Liv. |||. As 
 Word of attinnation ■ assuredly : plane, 
 sane, vero, enimvero, etc. ; v. cer- 
 tainly, YES. 
 
 decider: di.>ceptator, arbiter, tri, 
 m. judex, arbiter v. jud<;f;, aubitek. 
 
 deciduous: dcciduus d leaves. 
 folia d., I'lin. 
 
 decimal : I. As adj. .- (?) dena- 
 rius {cirntaining or consisting of 10) 
 Vilr I'lin. I'hr.: the d. system, 
 (?) * ratio denaria. ||. As subs. ■ 
 
 * numerus per partes denarias in- 
 strucius (.'). 
 
 decimate: I. i^i'-: decimo: to 
 
 d. a aihort, cohorUm d.. Suet. (Might 
 be expr. by decimum quemquein mi- 
 ll em interticere.) ||. K i g. : dt- 
 p6pulor, I . a violent pestilence vas 
 d ing the whole human race, vis pestl- 
 lentiae onme mortallum genus depopu- 
 lahatur, lac: v. to ravage. 
 
 decimation: decimatio: Capitol, 
 decipher : I' h r. ; to d. what is 
 
 written in cipher, res per notas scriplJis 
 iiivestigare et perscqui. Suet. Caes. ;6 
 the tgyptian hieroglyphics have been 
 d.'d. ".Aegyptiorum literas sacras alque 
 indagutiis "atque pcrspectas habemus : 
 
 v. TO EXPLAIN. 
 
 decipherment : investigatio, in- 
 
 dagillio: v. INVESTIGATION, EXPlJiNA- 
 TION. 
 
 decision: I. Judgment delivered. 
 esp. in a judicial inauiier: 1. de- 
 cretum (esp. of a deliberative body): the 
 d. of the provincial senate, d. decuri- 
 onu'm, Cic; Caes.: v. decree, dcteu- 
 MINATION. 2. sententia : v. sen- 
 
 tence. 3. Jiidlcluiu (less freq. in 
 
 this sense): Sen. 4. disceptatio (</«: 
 
 act or right of deciding) ; to ry'er the d. 
 of a matter, d. rel ;,d aliquem rejicere, 
 Liv. 5. arbitriuni (prop, the decision 
 of an arbiter, as Judicium is that of a 
 judex : also in gen. sense) : a matter 
 within one's own d., .sul arbitrii res, 
 Nep. : Liv. (Arbitratus occurs in the 
 aU. case senatus arbiiralu, Suet.) 6. 
 dccisio (a Ugal settlement): C^c. Ulp. 
 I'hr. to abide by the d of the senate, 
 in auctoritate senatus esse, Liv. : to 
 have a matter to any ime's d., rem a'icul 
 permittere, Liv. ; to refer it, ad aliquem 
 rejicere. Id. ||. Fig.- of ttte isiue of 
 battles, "tc: Phr. to await the d. of 
 a battle, eventum pugnae exspeciare, 
 Caes. : the d. of Vie struggle retted vilh 
 ai-ms. 'penes arma eiat sumnia renim. 
 Ill, As a quality liiinneis: con- 
 siantia (animl), firiiiitas; firmus ani- 
 mus. Ph r. : (essays) on d. of ehnractet , 
 'de ea quae debet esse animi tirniilale 
 aique constantla d. is needed, opus e.-t 
 niaiure facto (strictly ot ptompt, de- 
 cided action). Sail. 
 
 decisive: decretorlns (late), a d. 
 senlenc., A. sententia. Sen. • a d. l>altU. 
 d. pugna, yuint. (universae rel dimi- 
 catio, Liv. 1, ;8; d. ultima, Liv 1, n). 
 P h r. : the combatants parted without a 
 d. result, munibus acquis abscessuni 
 est, Tac . Sjill. the d. point in a cause, 
 causae cardo. yuint.- to fight a d. en- 
 gagement, in casum universae diniica- 
 tionis venire, Liv. : the d. or aitical 
 point, discrimen : v. crisis. 
 
 decisively : praecise (cutting the 
 matter short): to refuse d., p. negare, 
 Ulp. I'hr.- to prove d.. •ceriissimit 
 indiiiis (argumentis) inonstiarn. 
 
 deck ('■■). I. To ornament: ex- 
 
 orno, orno, I ■ v. aikhsx, iikau ify. 
 See also DECKED. ||. To furnish nith 
 a deck: ponte struere, lac- v. folL 
 art. 
 
 deck (subs.) : pons, ponlis m. : ihipt 
 floored with d.s. naves pontiliU> siraiae, 
 Tac. A. 2, 6 (where, however, jiarlial 
 decks are meant). I'h r.: a ship with 
 a d., navis consirata, Cic. ships with- 
 out d.s, naves apertae, Cic. tuvnty 
 Rhodian ships all with d.s, viginli 
 Rhodiae naves, tectae omnes, Liv. 
 
 decked ( ;'("■(. adj.) : i.e. adorned : 
 dCcorus. insignis. v. graced. 
 
 declaim: I. To speak rhetoric- 
 ally; esp. by way if practice : 1. 
 decliirao, i : tliey say that Demosthenes 
 used to d. to the nnves. ad fiuctum aiunt 
 d. solitum I>emosihenem, Cic >'i«- 
 qnent., declamilo, to practise declaim- 
 ing ; Cic 2. pronuntio, i v. to re- 
 cite. II. To declaint against : 1. 
 invehor, vectus, } (with in and ace): to 
 d. vehemently against any one, in ali- 
 quem vehementer in., Cic Liv. ; v. to 
 INVEIGH AGAiNSif. 2. incesso, ces- 
 sivi and cessi, ; (» ith ace.) : v. to at- 
 tack. 3. quasi concioiiabundus(aii- 
 quem) lacesso criminor phased on 
 Liv.). 
 
 declaimer: !. 1" strict sense 
 deiluiniitor. Cic ||. in bad sense 
 
 I, cliimator [odinsus ac niolestus], 
 Cic de Or. i, 21, 81 define.! Just be- 
 fore as vulgaris orator . . . atUmien in 
 dicendo exeriltatus, 1. c 2. decla- 
 mator allquis de ludo, Cic. Or 15 
 (Rabula is a wrangling, pettifogging 
 pleaiirr in courts.) 
 
 declamation: |. The practice of 
 
 decUiiming : declamallo . Cic ||_. J 
 spi'ech for deetaiming : 1. dcclam- 
 atio : Sen. Juv (who uses it tor a 
 subject ol declamation , 10. 16-). 2. 
 sch51astica Sen. |||. '/"urg id speech: 
 ampullae: llor. A. P. ^1. 
 
 declamatory: I. I-'^- dMam- 
 atorius . a d. protluction. d. opus. Cic: 
 a d. style, d. (scrlbendi) genus, I'ic 
 
 II. Fig.: turgid: tumidus. infliitua 
 
 V. BOMISA.-TtC. 
 
 declaration: |. A profestian: 
 
 1. professio; a d. of go-id uill, 
 
 bonae volnnlails p., Cic. 2. declar- 
 
 atio (nhelher by wmii" or deeds) : the (I 
 
 <(/' your Sentiments, d. animl tui, Cic. 
 
 II A formal statement : 1, (^ 
 
 l8l
 
 DECLARATIVE 
 
 DECOMPOSE 
 
 DECREE 
 
 one's name, property, etc ) . pr6fesgio ■ 
 Clc. : 1 jv. 2. renuntiatio {by a nia- 
 gistrate) : the d. of the poll, sutfragi- 
 orutn r., Cic. Phr • to make a d. on 
 oath, affirmare jurejuraiido, Liv. : v. 
 TO iiFCLAKE. III. A proclamation : 
 deiiunclatio : a d. of var, belli d., Cic. 
 (N.tS.— Not indictio, which is a kind of 
 vmpost.) IV. Of a form of action : 
 editio : Ulp. Dig. • v. action. V. 
 OfioXe: proscriptio- Cic. 
 
 declarative (rare) : declarafivus : 
 Mart. Cap. (Better expr. with verb- 
 quod deciarel, manifesiet, etc. : v. to 
 
 DECLARE.l 
 
 declare: A. Trans. \. To 
 
 make knumi : 1. declare, I (by words 
 or deais) : the gods often d. their pre- 
 sence, praesentiam saepe suam divi 4, 
 Cic. . V. TO MANIFEST. 2. patglacio, 
 J : V. REVEAL, UNFOLD. 3. aperio, 
 ui, rtuiii. 4: to d. one's opinion, seii- 
 tentiam suain ap., Cic. : v. discixise. 
 4. edico, xi, ctuni, j (to say out 
 plainly) : being ordered by the consul to 
 d. what he kneiv, a consule jussus quae 
 sciret e.. Sail. 5. edo, didi, ditum, j 
 (= edico) : d. your name and country, 
 ede tuum nomen et patriam, Ov. 6. 
 profiteor, fessus, 2 (esp. of giving 
 regular notice or information) : to d. the 
 number of acres (owned), Jugera pr., 
 Cic. to d. mhat share of spoil any one 
 possesses, quantum quis habeat praedae 
 pr., Cic. II. To proclaim.: 1. de- 
 nuntio, i : vhom the senate had sent to 
 d. uar, quos senatus ad denuntiacdura 
 bellum miserant, Cic. 2. indico, xi, 
 ctum, } he d.d war against the Roman 
 people in his oun name, bellum populo 
 Romano suo nomine indixit, Cic. 3. 
 declare, i (less freq. in tbis sense); M. 
 Tullius and C. Antonius are d.d consuls, 
 consules diclarantur M. Tullius et C. 
 Antonius, .Sail. Cat. 24: Cic; he d.s 
 Cloanlhus victor by the herald's voice, 
 victorem praeconis voce Clnanthum de- 
 clarat, Virg. 4. renuntio, i (of the 
 formal announcement of elections, 
 auspices; the technical word) : he is d.d 
 crnisul, consul renuntialur, Cic. : Varr. : 
 Liv. 5. pronuntio, i (openly, by 
 word of mouth)- the judices d. their 
 verdict, judices sententiam pr., Cic. : v. 
 TO PEOCLAIM. 6, appello, I {to name, 
 designate) : he ds Achates victor, vic- 
 torem appellat Achaten. Virg. : (ali- 
 quem) regem appellare ma.y refer either 
 to the fust designation 0/ a kitig, or to 
 his beirig after uards called by that tiile: 
 cf. Caes. B. G. n, 4. ( To d. king may 
 be approximately expr. by regem facere, 
 creare : v. to appoint or if the cere- 
 mony of a proclamation be intended, 
 perh. indicere or nuntiare ; v. to an- 
 nounce.) 7. judico, I (with ref. to a 
 formal decis-ion by a judicial authority) : 
 to d. any one a public enemy, aliquem 
 nostem J., Cic. Nep. 8. praedico, 1 
 announce as a crier) : v. to proclaim. 
 See also to profess, publish. B. 
 Intrans.. |. To affirm, arow: 1, 
 prolTteor, fessus, 2 (to A. J red y, openly): 
 they d. they will shrink Jrom no pi-ril, 
 profiteiilur se nullum pcrU-ulum recus- 
 are, Caes. ; Cic. : v. to pkof £.■?*, avuw. 
 2, aftirmo, contirmo, i (lu assert 
 strongly) : v. to affirm, maintain. ||. 
 Fig.: to A. for, i.e. to show oneself 
 favourable to: Phr.- fortune d.d fur 
 the right of nations, pro Jure gentium 
 stetit foriuna, Ov : to d.ftn- any onr, in 
 causam aliciijns descendere, Liv. ; paries 
 alicujus sequi. Veil, th-- people d.d for 
 him, in huiic favor pupuli se inclinabal, 
 Liv. II hen some d.d fin- ■<ulla. others 
 for Cinna. cum alii SuUanis, alii Cin- 
 nanis partibus laverent, Cic. : victory 
 d.dfoT the palies, victoria penes paires 
 fuit, Liv.: theij iiaittd to see on which, 
 side eictm-y uould d. herself, *exspecta- 
 bant donee palam loret utrius partis 
 esset victoria ; ab ulra parte fortuiia 
 rem daret, cf. Liv. i, 2-]. 
 
 declension : I. sinking, deU- 
 
 rioratiun: v. decline. ||, Injlec- 
 
 tvms: 1. decUnatio: Quint.: Varr. 
 2 flexus, lis ; yuint 
 188 
 
 declinable: 1. decllnabnis, e: 
 Pi-jsc. 2. casualis, e.Varr. . Prise. 
 
 declination : decUnatio, Cic ; by 
 which the declination of the Liicretian 
 atoms may be expr cf. Lucr. 2, 22i, 
 where the verb decline occurs in this 
 sense v. inclination. 
 
 decline: A. intrans.: J. 
 To incline from, the perpendicular : 1. 
 declino, l : Lucr. 2, 221 (for which he 
 has Just before used spatio decedere). 
 2. incline, vergo v. to incline. 
 H*. Fig.: of day, noon, etc.: to 
 begin to go down or end: 1, incline, 
 I (with pron. refl. or as pass. : also 
 intrans.) : day having d.d towards after- 
 noon, inclinato (flexo, Tac.) in post- 
 meridianum tempus die, Cic. ; day had 
 d.d before, etc., prius sol se meridie 
 inclinavit, quam, etc., Liv. : thou see'st 
 the noon d., inclinare meridiem seutis. 
 Her. 2. decresco. crevi, } : v hen day 
 IS d.ing, decrescente die, Plin. 3. 
 vergo, J . Suet. : v. to iNCLfNE. |||. 
 To decay : senesco, deminuor or mintiur, 
 deficio : v. to decay, ueteriouate. 
 IV. To abate , esp. of prius : 1. 
 laxe, I : the price ofcornhndd.d. annona 
 laxaverat, Liv. 2. minuor, iitus, i : 
 t)ie price of com d.d, frumenii prttinm 
 minutum, Tac, 3. le^o. i ("it'^ 
 pron. rejl.): cf. Cic. Mil. 27, 72. B. 
 Trans.: \. To refuse : 1, reniio, 
 renui, j (prop, by a gesture), to d. a ban- 
 quet, convivium r., Cic. 2. dotrecto, i : 
 esp. in phr., to d. battle, pugiiam de- 
 trectare, Liv. 3. recuse, i : to d the 
 fnendslnp of the Raman people, populi 
 Romani amiciliam r., Caes. : v. to re- 
 fuse. P h r. : to d. (a gift) politely, " be- 
 nigne " respondere, Hor. ||. To inflect : 
 1, decline, i : Charis. 2. flecto, xi, 
 xum, J : V^arr. 
 
 decline (subs.): \, Falling off: 
 
 I. deflectio : </. of strength, virium 
 d , Cic. 2. dcminutio. imniiimlio : v. 
 DiMiNTiTiON, Di;CAY. Phr.: the power 
 (f I'omjiey uas on the d.. *Pompeius in 
 dies miner fieri : to cause a d. in the 
 price of com, annonam laxare, levare, 
 Cic. ; pretia frngum levaie, Tac. : he 
 said he was in the d. of life, dixit suam 
 aetatem vergere, Tac. : a woman in the 
 d. of life, vergens annis femina, Tac. : 
 the d. and fall of the common wealth, 
 occasus interitusque reipublicae, Cic. 
 
 II, Consumption: tabes, phthisis: 
 v. consumption. 
 
 declining ((««;•) •• I. L i t. ; verg- 
 ing: 1. pionus (esp. piiet.): the sun 
 was d., p. eral Titan, 'Ov. 2. de- 
 vexus : t'ne most ikligiitful is aye just 
 d. but not hastening to a close, jucund- 
 issima est aetas d. jam, non tanien piae- 
 ceps. Sen. 3. declinatus- in d. age. 
 aetate d., Cic. 4. detlivis, e : the d. 
 sun, sol d. in occasum, Plin. : v. set- 
 ting, SINKING. II, Fig.: grou-ing 
 less: def iciens, inft-actus : v. decaving. 
 
 declining (subs.) : i. e. refusal: de- 
 trectaiie . v. refusal. (Or expr. by 
 verb: v. TO DECLINE.) 
 
 declivity: 1. ciivus v. slope, 
 
 incline. 2. declive, is, n. (neut. 
 
 adj. , used substantively after a prep.) : 
 to retreat by a d., rectpere se per de- 
 clive, Caes. 3. proclivej is, n. (^ de- 
 clive): Lucr.: Liv. 4. declivitas 
 (rare) : Caes. 5. proclivitas (rare) : 
 Hirt. : v. ascent, descent. 
 
 decli-vitOUS (rare) : declivis, pro- 
 clivis, clivosus : v. steep. 
 
 decoct : decOquo, xi, ctum, j : Ck>l. : 
 Plin. 
 
 decoction : 1. decoctum : a d. 
 of the stalks in sour ii ine, d. caulicu- 
 lorum in vino austere, Plm. 2. de- 
 coctiira: Plin. 3. di^cectio : Coel. 
 
 Aur. : Apul. 4. apozSma, atis, n. : 
 Aeniil. J'.acer. 
 
 decollate : v. decapitate. 
 
 decompose: A. I'rans. : I. 
 To 1 esol ve into primary elements : 1. 
 solve, dissolve, rfiselvo, j : v. to re- 
 solve, DissoLA E. 2. reiexo,fil, xtum, 
 i (M. to unweave ; poet): nor can (these 
 bodies) be d d, nee pjssunt (haec cor- 
 pora) retexi, Lucr. |t. 'Jo make 
 
 rotten : putrgfacio. feci, factum, j : 
 moisture dJi the seeds, humor semina 
 p.. Col. : V. TO bot. B. Intrans.: 
 I. To return to original elements: 
 resolve, dissolve, solvo, j (with pron. 
 refl,.; or us pass.): v. to dissolve. ||. 
 To decay: puiresco, putris fio: v. to 
 
 ROT. 
 
 decomposition : I. Resolution 
 
 into primary elements : 1, soluiio : 
 Cic. 2. dissOlutio: Clc. 3. reso- 
 IQtio : Isid. II. Corruption : 1, 
 
 tabes, is,/.; Plin. 2 putror, oris, 
 
 m. : Arnob. 3. putredo, iuis, /. s 
 
 Apul. : V. RO-TTENNESS. 
 
 decorate : omo, exomo, decCro, I : 
 V. TO ADORN. Phr.: to d. a building: 
 *aedificiuni omamentis (cujusvis gene- 
 ris) instruendum curare. 
 
 decoration: I. The act of deco- 
 
 rating: eniatio: Vitr. ; exornatio, CoL 
 (Or expr. by verb: v. to adorn.) jj. 
 An ornament : 1, ornamentum : the 
 d.s from the shrine of Hercules, orna- 
 meuta ex fane Herculis, Caes. : consular 
 d.s, consularia om.. Suet. : Cic. 2. 
 decus, oris, n. (a distinction) : a regal 
 d., regium d.. Sen. 3. decoranien, 
 inis, n. (rare): Sil. 4. iusigne, is, 
 
 «.: V. badge; insignia. 
 
 decorator : exomiitor : Cic. (Or 
 expr. with verb: as, the d. of a temple. 
 qui templum omamentis decorandum 
 suscipit, emni genere omameutorum 
 vesiiendum curat (based on Cic). 
 
 decorous : dgcorus (esp. of gestures, 
 manners): v. becoming. (Or expr. by 
 phr.: as, it is by no mians d., minime 
 decet ; emnino dedecet: v. beco.ming: 
 that which is not d., quod a cemmuni 
 sensii abhorret: v. PUOPRiEir. (Leceua 
 is chiefly poet.) 
 
 decorously : dgcore : v. becomikglt, 
 
 DECl.NrLl". 
 
 decorticate : 1. decortico, 1 (= 
 
 coriicem arbori detiaho) : Plin. 2. 
 delibro (of the inner bark) : Col. 
 
 decortication : decorti':alio : Plin. 
 
 decorum : decorimi (= quod decet) : 
 Cic. : v. decency. 
 
 decoy ('••) •• I. L 1 1. {of animals) : 
 1. illicio. allicio, lexi, lecium, } ; 
 comp. PI. As. 1, }, 67. 2. inesco, i 
 (to enlicc by a bait): Ter. 3. iU'ce 
 (ave.-, besiiiis) inducere atque capere(?): 
 comp. subs. II. Fig. : illicio, allicio, 
 
 pcUiCio: v. ALI.URE, SEDUCE, INVEIGLE. 
 
 decoy (subs): |. Lit. : 1, 
 
 illcx or illix, ids, m. .• a fouler am I: 
 the liait a uomau, the d. her bed, auceps 
 sum ego ; esca est meretrix, lectus illex 
 e.sl, PI. As. I, i, 67. 2. allector(?): 
 ct. Cul. 8. 10. II. Fig.- any allure- 
 menl: esca, illecebrae : v. allurement, 
 seduction. 
 
 decrease (» ) •• A. T r a n s. : minno, 
 deniiiuio, extenuo. v. to diminish. B. 
 Intrans.. 1. decresco, evi, etum, 
 J (ot I hat which has a pou ei- of growth 
 in it.-elj ) .- oysters increase and d. (grow 
 and jail off) \n untsim ivith the moon, 
 estreae cum luna pariter crescunt pari- 
 terque d., Cic. : d.ing rivers, decrescentia 
 flumina. Her.- the fever has d.d, febris 
 decrevit, Cels. 2. miner fio: the heap 
 gradually d.s, *paullatim minor tit cu- 
 mulus V to DIMINISH. 3. minuor. de- 
 minuor, utus, J : the days d.. minuuntnr 
 di.s, Sen. Phr.: the fever ds. febris 
 levatur, remittiiur. Cels. : the price lias 
 dd, retro abiit pretium, Plin.- the heat 
 d.s, calor se frangit, Cic: v. to abate. 
 
 decrease (sutis) : 1. decrescentia 
 (waning): the daily d. of the moon, 
 lunae quotidiana d.. Vitr. 2. immi- 
 nutio (most gen. term) : without an 1/ d. 
 of your dignity, sine uUa im dignitatis 
 tuae, Cic. 3. deminitio : v. diminu- 
 tion. (Or expr. by verb - as. the increase 
 or d. of anything, *quantum quid auc- 
 tum immiuutunive sil. v. to diminish.) 
 
 decreasing (arfj); Phr.; in ad. 
 ratio, *ea ratione (lege) ut quid paul- 
 latim imminuatur. 
 
 decreasingly : *>ta at pauUatim 
 imminuatur; in minus. 
 
 decree ("•) ■• 1. decerno, crevl, 
 cretum, j (esp. of the senate) : the ienaU
 
 U K f U t E 
 
 DEED 
 
 DEEPLY 
 
 d.d a triumph, to jijncavus, senulus 
 triuniplmiii Alricano dycrf vit, Cic; the 
 fOMte d.d and Oik peuple i aUJied, senatus 
 decrevlt .lMJ|)Ulu^ique Jus-sll, Clc. : also of 
 iitdiiidiiai. iitayiUratKS : Cic. 2. censco, 
 ui, usum. z (of ihe v,iU of a dehbetative 
 Imd;/ as the. senate): uhat the stnale 
 hath d.d, rati/!/ y, quae palres censue- 
 runt, vos juheie, Liv. . Cae». 3. con- 
 scibco, t^i-ivi. scilum, j (of people as wrll 
 as senate) : all tlie Timaiis liad d.d 
 war, I'usci oiimes coiisclveiant bellum, 
 liv. : Cic Also, sciscu, e>p of a rtso- 
 luti<yn of the plebs : what Ih'. commons 
 sitould d., quae scisctret plebs, Cic. ; v. 
 subs. (3). 4 Jubeo, Jussi, Jiissum, 2 
 (of the people only) : the penple d.d {that) 
 Tallus lloatdius (slioald be) king, I'ul- 
 lum HosUllum r.'gem populiis Jiis.sit, 
 Ijiv.: Cic. (V. su/)r.). 5. saiiiio, >aii.\i, 
 s:inctuui. and saiicllimi, 4 ((o eiuut so- 
 lemvlii) : he d.d a pardon uiid am7iesly 
 for ail (i«ecf« and words Jor ever, om- 
 nium factorum dlilorumquc veniam et 
 oblivionem in perpeiuum saiixit, Suel. ; 
 Cic. : V. TO ENACT. 6. I'lacet, 2, impers. 
 (with dat.): the senate d.s that, etc., 
 senatui placet (followed by tU or ucc. 
 and in/.), Cic. 't was thus tUd b;i heaven, 
 lioc placilum est superis. V.il. Flac. : v. 
 KESOLVE. (Nottdico; which is to is«ue 
 an authoritative order, as was done by 
 magistrates : v. to order.) 
 
 decree (sabs.): 1, decretum (usu. 
 of the senate or superior nuigistraten) : 
 a d. of the senate, senatus d., Caes. ■ Cic 
 2 consultiim (also less freq. con- 
 sultusi us . Sail. ; Plin.) only of the 
 feiiote, senatus-consulium, aiso written 
 S. C, Cic. : Liv. (S.-consultum denotes 
 a decree that has been delioeratdy con- 
 sidered: S.-decretum may refer to any 
 special decision: Diet. Ant. }^^}. Auc- 
 torilas is also used less tormally of ex- 
 pressed opinions of the senate : V Smith's 
 Lat. l>ict. s. V.) 3. scitum (usu. of 
 the commons): a d. of the pkbs loas 
 made on the mi-tion of the tribun''s. s. 
 plebis est factum rosaiitibus tribunis, 
 Liv.: Cic- more freq. written as one 
 word, plebiscitum, Cic. : Liv. (popuU 
 scitum when other nations are referred 
 to, Liv.: but Tac. has pupuli sciui of 
 the Roman people: A. ?, 5«): 'e^s '"'■'^^• 
 of other official ordinanns : the d.s of 
 the Fontijex. publica I'oiitihcis scita, 
 Liv. 4'_ jussum (of the piopJe ; but a 
 less' form.i'l ami authoritative term) : cf. 
 Cic Oec. ; J, 96. Join: jussa ac scita, 
 Cic. h.lb. 18. 42. 5. Odictuni («-« 
 
 Uqal ordinance of a miigistrati-.; esp. a 
 praetor): v. edict. 6. praesciiptum : 
 
 V. RULE. 
 
 decrement: decrementum: Cell. 
 
 decrepit ■ decrepitus : a d. old man. 
 d. senex, PI. Ter.: Cic. (v. f„ll. art.). 
 (Or expr. by phr. as, confectus senec- 
 tnte. Cic; aetata, Sail.; defectus annis 
 et desertus viribus, Phaedr. : v. fkeble, 
 
 DISABLED.) J , -. 
 
 decrepitude: 1. aelas decrgpita, 
 Cic, ; exacta, Liv. 2. senium, senec- 
 
 tUS: V, OLD-AOE. 
 
 decrescent : d&cresrens ; sgnescens : 
 
 V. TO DWHKASE. IHCAV 
 
 decretal ('"^j) •• decie.alis, e: Ulp. 
 
 decretal (»»te.): i.e. letter of the 
 svpreme I'ontiff : decretalis. is,/..- (sc. 
 epistola). V. lU: Cuge, s. v 
 
 decretory l«<'j)- ficcretorins- Sen 
 
 decrial : obtreciatio. mali-dicta (Jil.), 
 
 etc.: V CALIMNV, ABCSK. 
 
 decry: wtupSro, criminor, detrecto, 
 
 ob: R*ltO, etc. : v. TO CENSLRi-., DI.SPARAOK, 
 
 CAi.uMNiATK. Phr. to be d.'d, male 
 audire, Cic; inlaniia flagrare (a very 
 stroiiR e.\pr.), Id. : infanieni esse. Col. : 
 
 V. TO SFF.AK AGAINST. 
 
 decrier : viiapiiratDr : qui vituperat, 
 criminalur: v. to ckcrv. 
 
 decurion : decurio. 6nis : Varr. : 
 Vep. 
 
 decury (;""-tvo/<'Ti): decilria: Col. 
 
 decussate ("•"> •■ decusso, J • Cic. 
 The part, de.ussaius is used as adj.: 
 Col. . V. TO CROSS. P h r. : d.d lines, 
 liniae In decusses ohliquae. Plin. 
 
 dedicate : 1. Medico i : to d. a 
 
 temple to .Saturn, aedem Salunio d., 
 Liv. : tod.a (statue of) Juno, Junoncm 
 d., Liv. Kig. . d.ing that book to your 
 honour and deterts. hoiiorl et meritis 
 dedicans Ilium librum tuis, Phaedr. 2. 
 dico, I (le»s Iri-q. than dc-dico): to d. a 
 shrine to Minerva, delubrum Minerva^ 
 d., Plin. ■ to d a book- to Maecenas, 
 libruMi Maecenati d., I'lin. (The word 
 Is more frequent in non-religious 6en>e 
 V. TO i>Kvoii;.) 3. conseero, I (to set 
 
 apart t<i a religious use : whereas dedico 
 refers lo the legitimate ciemon^ o/d<- 
 dication): v. To . ONsroiiATE. 4. 1"- 
 aug'iro, I (by talcing the auspixxi) : v. 
 TO INALGURATK. Phr. that 1 sliould d. 
 to him uhat J have, written, ul milUm 
 ad eum quae scripsi, Cic: what is d.d 
 to thee, res ad te scviptac, Liicil. : M. T. 
 (Cicero's thne dialogues (d.d) lo his bro- 
 ther Quintus, ,M. r.Ciceronlsadyuinlum 
 Fratrem dialogl tres, Cic. 
 
 dedication: 1. dc-dicatio: d. of 
 a trmfile. aedis d.. Liv.. Suet. (Not 
 dicatio in this sense.) 2. nuncupniio 
 (only of a Uiolc) : Plin. (Kor the ditler- 
 ence between dedico and cousecro, v. 
 
 TO DlilUCATJC.) 
 
 dedicatory: Phr.: ad. praj/er 
 precatio (the context dehning it): ct. 
 Liv. 2, 8, /in. : d.Joniiula. Mtdicationis 
 carmen • "v formula : epistle d,, prae- 
 fat;o, riin. pref. fin.: more precisely, 
 *epistola una cum libro ad aliquem 
 scripta ; epistola librum dicantis ad 
 aliquem honoris causa scripta (.') but 
 in general it fuffices to prehx the names 
 of the persons concerned ; as, " Plinius 
 SecuiKlus Vespasiano Suo " Pref. N. H. 
 
 deduce: I. To denve from : r&p^lo 
 (to go lar back for), duco, dedfioj v. 
 TO DERivi-:. 11. '''" «>S"«'. "•/"' ""^ 
 thing .//-om another: colllgo, concludo . 
 
 v. TO CONCLUDE, INFER. 
 
 deducible : conseclanus (lit. conse- 
 quent, lollou-ing legitimately). Cic. Or 
 expr. by circmnl., *quod ex concessis 
 
 coUigi potest, sequitur. 
 
 deduct: 1 JeJuco. xi, ctum, j:i 
 d.from the capital what has been paid . 
 for interest, de capite diducite quod usu- I 
 ris pemumeratum est, Liv. 2. ''«■ j 
 
 traho, xi, ctum, i . tod. something fr*>m I 
 the sum total, ex ea siinuna d., Cic. ; 
 Nep. 3. deminuo, ui. utuni, j • to d. 
 five sesterces from one mina, de mina 
 una quinque niimnios d., PI. 4. 
 
 removeo, movi, motum, 2 : Hor. A. P. 
 m- 5. C'D pass.) : decedo, ssi, ssum, 
 J • nothing "ill be d.'d from the total, 
 de summa nihil decedet, ler. : Cic. 
 Liv. Phr.- he Oulhlessly) d.s j jn-r 
 cent, from the capilal. quinas hie capiti 
 mercedes exsetat, Hor. S. l. 2, 14. 
 
 deduction- I. Taking away some- 
 thing ■ 1, dediiclio : to make d.s, 
 deductiones faceie, Cic 2. decessio: 
 Cic (Usu. better expr. by verb: as, to 
 make a d. of one per c-itt.. partem c nt- 
 esimam de" capite diducere ■ to make a 
 considerable d.. aliqoaniimi de summa 
 detrahere : v. TO deduct.) ||. In logi- 
 cal sense ; that which is deduced : conse- 
 quens, quod consectarium est, Cic. (Not 
 deductio in ili is sense.) Phr.- the d.s 
 uf geirme.lry, *quae a geonietiis demon- 
 strantur. 
 
 deductive: Plif. - d. reasoning, 
 » argumentandi (ratiocinandil id genus 
 quo omnia ex principiis ciuibu>dani con- 
 clnduniur atque denioiislraniur ; dis- 
 seiendi ratio ex principiis facta. 
 
 deed: I. Thing done: 1. factum: 
 v. act. ' 2. res, rCi, / (where doing 
 is implied In the context) . the d.s of the 
 Athenians. Atheniensium n-s gestiie. 
 .Sail, t" declare titeir will (of the p<ople) 
 t);/(ict((aJ<<.s, voluntatem suani declaiare 
 rebus ipsis et factls. Julian. l>lg. /" 
 very d., revgra, reapse : v. reality (in). 
 ' 3 factnus, oris. Ji. : i e. a Ix'hl. 
 ilanng deed: v. achievement, crimi:. 
 P h r. an evil d., maWficium. male- 
 factum ; a good d., beneftciuin (a kind- 
 7iess). benetacium (e.sp. In pi.) : Cic. 
 II A legal instrument: 1. in- 
 slrume'ntuui (rare) : a d. of purchase, 
 emptionis inst.. Scaev. 2. syngriipha 
 
 v. BOND, contract. 3. tabula: often 
 pi. a marriaye-<L, tabulae nuptiales. 
 lac.; matrimoniales, Jui. l-trnL: todrait 
 up a mai-naye-d.. labulas sjionsales 
 scrlbere, Hier. J^hr: in accordame 
 vith the d. of contract, ex lege loca- 
 tion is, Clc 
 deem: puto, habeo, daco, exlstlmo, 
 
 etc. V. TO THINK. 
 
 deep(a'y-)- I. I-K- 1. ait"» 
 
 ditches tltrcffeet d., Krobes tribus p<-di- 
 bu3 a.. Pall. (Cic. would have wriiu^ii 
 ties pedes) a d. well, a. puteus. Pi. • a 
 d. iiound, a. vuliius, Virg. \'ery d., 
 praealtus, Liv.: Sail 2 prOlundns 
 (very deep . as an ;ihyss) Vie d. sea, 
 mare p., Cic : d. valleys, p. valles, StaL 
 v. bottom i,E!is. 3. depresBUs (rare 
 and late) a d. place, locus d., Krontin. 
 P h r. ; a d. funnw, sulcus alte impres- 
 sus, Cic. . ail immensely d. cacem, spe- 
 lunca Infinita altitudine, id. ; in mi- 
 randam altitudineni depres.sa, cf. id. 
 Verr. 5, 2";, 68 (but spelunca pc<lt-!. 
 quinquaginla in altitudineni would not 
 be good v. supr. 1) to strike d. root, 
 radices penitus agere, t^uiiiL ||. By 
 anal.; in various senses Phr.; d. 
 sW.p, arctus (artus) somnus, Cic. ; also 
 altus somnus, Hor. ; d. silence, alu 
 silentla, Ov. ; haring drawn tip (his) 
 army three d., triplici Instrucla acle. 
 Sail. ; ranks ten d., dciii ordines in lati- 
 tudlnem, Fronlin. o deeper line, latior 
 acies, Liv. the d. gloom of a pnsun. 
 prolunda nox caroeris. CJuinL . d. and 
 abstruse matters, res reconditae abstrus- 
 aeque, Cic. to lay a deep plot for any 
 (me, insidias penitus abstrusiis contra 
 aliquem ponere. Cic. : he drew a d. sigh, 
 petivit suspirlum alte, PI a d. con- 
 viction, opinio firma, Cic. he stood in 
 d. thought, stelit cogitahundus, GelL: 
 d. thmtght, attentissima cogitalio, Cic 
 III. Of sounds: gravis, e . a d. 
 sound, g. sonus. Cic. . Quint. JV. Of 
 Colours 1. satur, ura, iirum : a <*. 
 
 colour, i. color, Plin. ; a deeper purple 
 purpura saturior, Sen. 2. s&turatus 
 Plin. 3. (?) austerus . Plin. (opp. to 
 floridus color, jj, 12). V. W the 
 
 niiudi^ in good sense altus • a d. or 
 profound mind, alta indoles, Liv. very 
 d. learning, altissima enidilio, Plin.- v. 
 i-RoFOLND. VI. = cunning, artful : 
 callidus. dolosus, subd61us ■ v ABTFrt, 
 
 CLNNING. 
 
 deep (subs.) : 1. altum tossed on 
 the d., jactatus alto, Virg. 2. pr"" 
 lundiini (rare), the father^ of the d. 
 (Neptune), pater profundi. Val, H. 3. 
 pontus (the deep sea) : Virg. Ov 
 
 v. SEA. 
 
 deepen: I. Trans.: expr. by 
 
 verb-^withcompar of adjs. for ti-c;) : as, 
 
 to d. a channel, rivum iiltiurem tacere. 
 
 reddere (rivimi depriiuere. Pompon.") to 
 
 d. a colour, colorem saturiorem. sjitura- 
 
 tiorem reddere, etc.; v di-kp Phr. 
 
 to d. a furrow, sulcum iiltius imprimere. 
 
 Cic. to d. any one's grief, alicui dolorem 
 
 lUigere, Cic. to d. an impression. eSicrre 
 
 ut aliquid altius aliiui In pectus de- 
 
 scendat, cf. Sail. J. ii./n.; ul quid 
 
 penitus (altius) in mcnte insideat. in- 
 
 sidat, cf. Clc. de Or. 2, 28, 1 22. jf. 1 n- 
 
 trans, altiortio, etc v. deep. Phr,: 
 
 the darkness d.s neath the curtain of 
 
 )/ij;At,obienia densimiur nocic t^-nebrae, 
 
 Virg. - the comliat d.s. ingiavesi-il proe- 
 
 lium: Clc has ingravescit malimi. ad 
 
 Hint. I, 10, mit . or ingruit, cf. \ irg. 
 
 A. 8, 555; or gUscit. PI. As. 5, 2, 02. 
 
 Tac 
 
 deepening (adj.): ingravescena. 
 litis v. pn ced. art,/ii. 
 
 deep-laid : Jis u plot, (insidiae) Igni- 
 tus abstrus,ie, Cic N B. Kor such com- 
 pounds as diep-thin king, deep-read, ^lee 
 dkeplv. 
 deeply, deep M'-V I i^>«- 
 
 1. alte tJie mm had not oesccnd^ 
 deep into the (x-J.v, terrum liaud a. in 
 corpusdi-scenderat, Liv. '• d»e/»-i' aisled." 
 ♦altecinctus (inUnded to repie-'Ot llie 
 Homeric ^aeuKoATTo?). 2. pi"nUus(lU. 
 inuiiuUv): a stone (tuxxti way. saxum 
 p. exesiim, Cic 3. profunde (uerj 
 
 189
 
 D E E P N' i: S S 
 
 DEFENCE 
 
 DEFENSIVE 
 
 deeply : rare) : the morn mettlesome (a 
 horse) is, the more d. he dips his nos'-. in 
 drinking, quo qiiis acrior, in biliendo 
 profundius nares mergit, Plin. Phr . 
 deeply- rooted, altis, aUissimis radlcibus 
 defixus, Clc. : d.-throated (tig.), profundo 
 ore, cf. Hor. 4, 2,8: to drink deeply. 
 perpotare, Cic. ; damnose bihere (a 
 comically strong expr.), Hor. ||. 
 
 Fig. L alte '■ '<* examine {into 
 
 things) mme d., altius perspicere, Cic. 
 2. pfenitus {inwardly; going to 
 the. heart of the matter) : to be d. con- 
 versant with all the emotions of the soul, 
 p. pHmoscere omnes animorum niotus, 
 Cic. • tobe d. impressed on the mind, in 
 animo p. insideie, id. 3. graviter (0/ 
 emotion): to be d. grieved, g. dolere, 
 Oaes.: to be d. in love, g. amare, PI. 
 4. subtiliter: strictly, accurately, 
 PKECiSELY : q. V. Phr.; to meditate 
 more d. and attentivel;/, acrius et atten- 
 tius cogitare, Cic. : thinking d., cogita- 
 bundus, Cic: to impress a thing d. on 
 the mind, efficere ut quid in aninio 
 haereat (based on Cic). 
 
 deepness : v. depth. 
 
 deer : 1. cervus, /. cerva : v. stag, 
 HIND. 2. dama {stx\cl\y fallow-deer), 
 m. and/.: timid d., d. timidi, Virg.; 
 pavidae, Ov. Phr.- a d.'s shin, cervina 
 pellis, Hor. . Plin. : d.'sjlesh, i. e. veni- 
 son, cervina, Edict. Diocl. ; Itss precisely, 
 terina, Virg. 
 
 deface: deformo, turpo, etc.: v. to 
 
 DISFIGURE. 
 
 defaced (adj.): deformis; miiculo- 
 sus or mcndOsiis (full of blemishes) : v. 
 
 DISFIGDBED. 
 
 defacement : 1. depravatio (both 
 
 as act and state) : Cic. 2. deforniatio 
 (as act : rare) : Liv. Join: depra\ alio 
 elfoeditas: v. disfigurement. 
 
 defalcate : i- e. to deduct .- deduco ; 
 detraho : v. DEDUCT. 
 
 defalcation : I. Strictly ; deduc- 
 tion: deductio, rgtentio: v. dedcctiox. 
 (Obsol. in this sense.) 1|. Fraud: v. 
 embezzlkment. 
 
 defamation: maledictum, probrum, 
 opprobrium, etc. (es,\>.pl.). v, calumnt. 
 
 defamatory (a<i?) •• 1. tamosus: 
 
 d. pamphlets, f.\iheni,Tac. 2. "imi- 
 nosus: d. iambics, c. iambi, Hor. 3. 
 probrosus: Tac: v. libellous, libel. 
 
 defame : 1. (rare) : diflamo, i : 
 
 to d. any one in an abusive poem, pro- 
 broso carmine aliquem d., Tac: Ov. 
 2. infanio, i : Col. 3. maiedico, 
 xi, ctuni, J (with dal.) : v. to rhvile, 
 ABUSE. 4. More pri cisely, expr. by 
 circuml., as, infamiani, probrum alicui 
 inferre ; nialedicta in aliquem conferre, 
 coiyicere : Sail. : v. to slander, libel, 
 calumniate. 
 
 defamer : 1. obtrectator (less 
 
 strong than the Eng.) : Cic. 2. (homo) 
 maledicus ; comp. nialedicentior, PI. : 
 Cic. (who has conviciaior maledicus. 
 Mur. 6, 1 }). 3. Expr. by part. : as, to 
 reply to a d. of character, probra iiifer- 
 enti respondere, etc : v. to defame (4). 
 default (subs.): I. Act of omis- 
 
 sion : perh. delictum : v. fault. ||. 
 Deficiency, want : Phr.: in d.ofa roof, 
 passing Vie night in the forum, inupia 
 tecti in foro pernoctans, Cic. : in d. of 
 missiles they threw stones, *deficientibus 
 telis, or qimni tela deticerent, deesseiit 
 (deficere of a failing supply ; deesse of 
 absolute lack) ; quum minus suppeterent 
 missiiia, etc. : v. to fail. |||. Failure 
 of appearance : Phr.: to make d., ces- 
 sare. Suet.: Dig.: in a case of bail, 
 vadimonium deserere, Cic. : to let judg- 
 ment go by d., citatum iion respondere, 
 Varr. ap. Gell. to condemn by d., 'ab- 
 sentem damnaie. 
 
 defaulter: I. One who is in 
 
 arrears: reliqnator: Scaev. ||. An 
 
 embezzler: pgeulaMor: Cic. |||, (me 
 
 uhu does not put in an opjtearance : qui 
 ad vadimonium non venit; qui vadi- 
 monium deserit. v. bail. 
 
 defeat («•) ■• I. r" aa^n a victory 
 
 over : vinco, devinco (stronger than 
 
 simple verb), supfiro, pello, etc. v. to 
 
 conquer, overcome, beat. Phr.: to 
 
 190 
 
 be d.'d (in a caiididateship), repulsam 
 ferre (a populo), Cic. : v. defeat {subs.). 
 
 II. To frustrate, baffle (q. v.): 1. 
 frango, fregi, fiaclum, j . to d. the plans 
 of these bad men, horum perditorum 
 consilla f.,Cic : v. to uaffle. 2. """s- 
 tror, I : v. TO KRUSTRATE. 3. disturbo, 
 I (to introduce confusion, upset): Cic. 
 
 4. disjicio, JCci, jectum, j (similar 
 to disturbo): to d. plans, consilia d., 
 Liv. : Cic. 5. (in pass.) : expr. by 
 frustra esse ; ad irritum cadere, redigi : 
 V. TO frustrate (fn.). Phr.: to d. the 
 tvishes of the dead, voluntates mortu- 
 orum rescindere, Cic- v. to rescind, 
 
 ANNUL, CONFOUND, OVERTHROW. |||. 
 
 In special sense- of a measure pro- 
 posed : antiquo, I (lit. to prefer the 
 old) : to d. a bill, rogalionem antiquare, 
 Cic. 
 
 defeat (subs.) .- |. Military . 1. 
 elides {a great defeat) : Cic. : Liv. : v. 
 disaster. 2. adversa pugna or ad- 
 versum proeliuni : Liv. : Caes. (The 
 latter author has in similar sense the 
 euphemisms, detrimentum, iiicommo- 
 dum.) 3, ffiga {a flight, rout) : to 
 inflict (on the enemy) a tremendous d., 
 ingentem fugam dare, Liv.: also facere, 
 id.; but fuga should be used only in 
 referring to an actual battle of which it 
 forms a feature. 4. Often better 
 expr. by a verb : as, the Locri had 
 inflicted a seim-e d. on the C> otoniates, 
 Crotouiatas Locri maximo proelio de- 
 vicerant. Nep. : to suffer a d., acie fundi. 
 Front.: v. to conquer, rout. Phr.: 
 not by d.s but by victories, non offen- 
 sionibus belli sed victonis, Cic. {we) 
 have suffered a d., male pugnatum est, 
 Liv. II. .Non-military : as, in a can- 
 didateship, or a measure proposed : 1. 
 repulsa (only of candidates) : igno- 
 minious d., sordida r., Hor.: a d. in 
 suing ff/)- the edileship, r. aedilicia, Cic : 
 to sustain a d., r. ferre (a populo), Cic. ; 
 also referre (in slightly diflerent sense), 
 id. Off., I, J9, H8. 2. (Of the defeat 
 of a measure) : expr. by part, of v. 
 antiquo : ; ^, by the d. of this measure. 
 *hac lege antiqualii ; no greater cala- 
 mity could happen than the d. of this 
 measure, *nulluiii majus incommodum 
 accipi posset quam ut haec lex anti- 
 quaretur: v. defeat O'-)- 
 
 defecate (r^ire) . defaeco, l ; CoL : v. 
 refine, strain. 
 
 defecation: defaecatio: Tert. . M. L. 
 (fig.): V. straining. 
 
 defect (subs.) : 1. vitium : v. 
 
 flaw, fault. 2, menda, meiidum • 
 V. blemish. 3. Expr. with verb: 
 
 as, there is some defect (detiiiency). 
 nonnihil deest, deficit : v. deficient. 
 DEFICIENCY. Phr.: natural d.s, quae- 
 dam contra naturani depravata, Cic. : 
 (Lucilius) had this d., fuit hoc vitiosus, 
 Hor.: in sim. sense mendosus: v. de- 
 fective: without any d.s, emendatus: 
 V. faultless. 
 
 defection: defectio (both in lit. and 
 fig. sense) : Cic. : Nep. . v. re\ olt, fall- 
 ing AWAi", desertion, APOSTACY. 
 
 defective : I. in ge"- sense : 1, 
 mancus (prop, of the body : v anting in 
 some of its parts): v. j< aimed. Fig.: 
 of virtue, m. virtus, Cic. 2. vitiosus 
 {having flaws or defects): v. faulty', 
 vicious. 3. mendosus (sim. to pre- 
 
 ceding) : Cic. (Both mendosus and viti- 
 osus are stronger than the Eng.) 4. 
 imperfectus - v. imperfect. 5. claudus 
 (lit. lame): Ov. Phr.. {these verses) 
 are someirhat d., *nonnihil vitii habent ; 
 aliqua parte mendosi sunt : if there is 
 anything d. (lame) in our speech, si quid 
 in oratione claudicat, Cic. ||, Gram- 
 rontically: *defeciivus: M. L. 
 
 defectively: mendSse {with many 
 faults : Cic.), vTtiose (esp. of a defect in 
 the auspices : Cic), prave (wrongly) : 
 
 v. BADLY, imperfectly. 
 
 defectiveness: may usu. be expr. 
 by vitium, etc.: v. defect. 
 
 defence: I. That which defends : 
 praesldiura, t&tela, miinimentum, pro- 
 pugnaciilum : v. protection, fortifi- 
 cation. II. Act or duty of defending : 
 
 1. aefensio: to piepare all things 
 for the d. of the city, omnia ad d. urbia 
 apparare, Caes. : to undertake any one's 
 d. (in court',, alicujus defenslonem sus- 
 tipere, Cic. 2. piopugnatio : Cic. 
 
 3. tutela (very often of deities): 
 Cic: Hor.. v. PROTECTION. Less Ireq. 
 tuiiio : d. of oneself, sul t., Cic 4. 
 patrocinium (in court) : to undertake 
 the d. of legal and civil disputes, p. 
 legitimarum et civilium controversiarum 
 suscipere, Cic. Phr.- coujistl for the 
 d., *rei patronus; qui reo adcat: v. 
 COUNSEL to make a sham d., praevaric- 
 arl : the conduct of oi.e uho makes a 
 sham d., praevariiatio : v. collusion. 
 In d. of, pro (with abl.): v. for, be- 
 half of (on). Ilj. A .'speech by u ay 
 of defence: 1. defensio he read the 
 d. of Demosthenes, d. Demosthenis legil, 
 Plin. Suet. (More Ciceronian would 
 
 be oratio pro habita.) 2. ex- 
 
 ciisatio. v. apoujgy. 3. purgaiio (u 
 clearing of oneself) : Cic. - v. justifi- 
 cation. IV, -^'toto or capacity for 
 resistance (in niilit. sense). Phr.: to 
 put the city in a state of d., urbem ad 
 vim propulsandam parare, omnibus re- 
 bus instruere. Kr (based on Cic.) ; 
 praesidia urbis curare ; dispositis prae- 
 sidiis urbis moenia iirmare. 
 
 defenceless : 1. Inennis, e {un- 
 
 aiined) .- a territory d. and destitute of 
 garrison, in. ager ac nudus praesidiis, 
 Liv. : Cic. 2. det'ensoiibus nudaius 
 ^,of that which has been deprived oj its 
 defenders) : Cic. 
 
 defend: 1. defendo, di, sum, j 
 (the most gen. term). J d.'d the com- 
 monnealth uhen a young man, delendi 
 remp. Juvenis, Cic: 1 d. (in court) him 
 ivhom you accuse, eum defendo quera tu 
 accusas, Cic. : to d. any one from urong, 
 aliquem ab injuria d. Cic. Frequent. 
 defenso, i (implying activity of de- 
 fence): Sail, (not Cic); defensito, i : to 
 be in the habit of d.ing causes, causas de- 
 fensitare, Cic. (who uses the word only 
 once). 2. tiieor ; frequent, tiitor (to 
 secure against any apprehended danger: 
 defendo implies an actual attack) : v. to 
 protect. 3. patrocinor {at law : with 
 dal ) : to d. the undouered, indutatis p , 
 'I'er. . Quint. 4. propugno, i (imply- 
 ing imminent danger or ingorousness of 
 defence) : to d. any one's reputations, pro 
 fama alicujus pr., Cic. 5. prohibeo, 
 2 (to ward off: q. v.): from u hick 
 danger d. ye the republic, a quo periculo 
 defendite remp., Cic. 6. 'eso. ^U 
 clum, J (to shelter): he had d.'d my 
 safety and life, \smesim saluiem atque 
 vitam texerat, Cic. : v. to shelter. 7. 
 pi-aesideo, 2 (with dat.): v. to guard. 
 Phr.: a town d.'d both by nature and 
 by art, oppidum et natura loci et maim 
 niunitum, Caes. ; v. to fortify . Heaven 
 d. us! hii, obsecro vosiram fulem I PI. 
 
 defendant: reus, i;fem. rea {in a 
 criminal trial): who v as plaintiff / ~ 
 Fannius: who d.f—Flavius, quis erat 
 petilor? — Fannius: quis reus? Flavius, 
 Cic. : V. ACCUSED. Phr.: / gave this 
 advice to all d.s (in civil cases), ego 
 omnibus unde petitur hoc consilium 
 dedi, Cic. (so that, is unde petitur = d.) ; 
 to be counsel for the d., rei patrocinium 
 suscipere; v. defence (IL 4). 
 
 defender: 1. defensor (the most 
 gen. ttrni) : the d. (if right and liberty, 
 juris et libertatis d., Cic: Caes. 2. 
 propugnator (a stronger and more ex- 
 pressive word): a place aliandaned by 
 its d.s, a propugnatoribus relictus locus, 
 Caes. Fig.: the d. of a crime, sceleri» 
 pr.. Just. : V. CHAMPION. 3. patroiiUK 
 (in court) : v. patron, advocate. 4. 
 praeses, idls, m.: v. guardian. (Or 
 expr. by imperf. pai t. of detendo, tueor, 
 &c : V L. (i. i 6}8.) 
 
 defensive: Phr.: there are wea- 
 pons offensive and d., alia sunt tela ad 
 tegendum, alia ad nocenilum, Cic ; a d. 
 war.bellum quoddefendendogeritur, Kr. 
 (based on Cic ) ; 'quod ad iiyuriam pro- 
 pulsandam suscipitur; quod sui de- 
 fendendi causa geritur . to reduce the 
 Armenians to the d., Armenios ad stia
 
 DEFENS I VELY 
 
 DEFINITE 
 
 DEFRAY 
 
 defendenda coijcre, Tac. • an allia>ict:\ females, p. mu\ifrum,lAv.: d. <J' naUnr, 
 
 offensive and d., *Mj(.ie;a!- ml bellum 
 defendendum alque iufereiuluin facia: 
 
 V. ALLIANCE. 
 
 defensively : defendendo : v. pre- 
 ced. an. jM. 
 
 defer; |. Trans.: to jy>st})ove : 
 differo, confCro, prOlito : v. to fut <»kf, 
 POSTPONE. I'hr. : lujjie is d.'d, bjx-s 
 prorogatur, IM. r to d. the eUctiims till 
 January, comitla in Jamiarium lUfMsem 
 protrudere, Cic. : / icill d. the building 
 till your anival, aodificatioriem ad 
 tuum advcnlum susteiilulx), Cic. : to d. 
 the assault till nigtit, oppugiiaiiouem ad 
 noctera sustiiierc, Oaes. : l.W. : to d. the 
 hearing uj' a case, anipliare, Cic. : y- to 
 ADJOURN : l07ig d.'d hope, spcs .-era, Tac. 
 II. I u trans.: to sltnw dej'erence 
 to: ce'do, obsfqiior, luoiigeror: v. to 
 
 COMl'LY WITH, VIKLD, 
 
 deference: 1. observantia (re- 
 tpeul fhou-n for age, supeiinr irisdom, 
 «tc.) : to treat ivilh rtfjicct and d., ob- 
 servantia vererl el colt-re, Cic. Inv. 2, 
 22, 66. Join: ofTuia atque ol)serv- 
 antia (the former referring to acts of 
 service), Cic. Ualb. 28, 6;. 2. "b- 
 sequium (.esp. of deference carried to 
 excess): v. comim.aisanle, ois-riiji ious- 
 NE-ss. 3. reveientia, veriouiidia: v. 
 KESPECT. VYiT.: to treat uUh d.: (1.) 
 inservio, 4 (with dat. ; a suong expn-s- 
 sion) : the pli-bs had till that time lean 
 treated with the utmost d., plebi ad earn 
 diem summa ope inservitiim erat, Liv. 
 (2.) ojlo, ui, cultum, } (to sho^o re- 
 gard, respect for ; with ac- ) : if I treat 
 you icith d. I shall nut lore you. si te 
 colo, non amaho, JIart. 2, ;?. Join: 
 observare et colere ; ver li ot colere, 
 Cic. (3.) obsiirvo, l (implying superi- 
 ority in years, hont'urs, etc.) : to be 
 treated with great d. and rcs^iect, dili- 
 genter observari et coll. Cic : Virg. 
 (4.) obswiuor. sSciitus, i (with dat): 
 V. to comply with. 
 
 deferential: 1. observans, ntis 
 Qtrealing with respect as a ^iuperiu'): a 
 man nwst d. to me, borao mei observants 
 issimus, Cic. 2. officiosiis (abound- 
 ing in cu:ts of respect and coartes 1) : v. 
 obliging, courteols. 3. obsequiosus : 
 V. obsequious. 
 
 deferentially: 1. obseqnenter: 
 Plin. 2. revel enter: v. rk»pk.ct- 
 
 fcllY. I'hr.: to treat d., observo, in- 
 servio (with dat.), etc.: v. deference 
 (fin.). 
 
 deferring (subs.) : v. postpone- 
 ment. 
 
 defiance: provOcatio: v. challenge. 
 P li r. : Ui d. of the laws, invitis Icgibus • 
 V. spitk of (in). 
 
 defiant (ad-j.): 1. nunax, acis 
 (menacing: q. v.): our d. (narriois) 
 touched the base earth with their beai-ds, 
 minaces tiirpe solum teligere niento, 
 Hor. Join: minax alque arrogans, 
 Cic. 2. <5rox, ocis (high spiriied ; 
 very often to excess) : by the help of 
 Venus d.. Veneris praesidio ferox, Ilor. : 
 of d. temper, mentis ferox, Ov. Met 
 8, 6lj. 3. Inipavidus, intrepidus 
 
 (in good sense) : v. fearless, un- 
 dismayed. 
 
 defiantly: minaclter, fgrociter: v. 
 MENACINGLY, Fii.RCELY : and cf. adj. 
 (The adjj themselves may often be 
 used: as to behave d. towards, alicui fe- 
 rocem esse, Liv. : he answered d., *re- 
 spondit ferox, impavidua: v. L. G. } 
 
 W) 
 
 deficiency : 1. most freq. ex- 
 press, by deficio, desum: as, he could 
 not 6€ exposed to a d. of timber, non 
 materia delicere poterat, Caes. B. C. z, 
 J7 : without any d. of cash, non de- 
 ficiente crumena, Hor. Ep. i, 4, 11 : v. 
 WANTING (to be). FAIL. 2. defectio 
 (as something arising ; not a st;»te) : v. 
 FAILDKE. 3. defectus, us (=as state): 
 Plin. 4. angustiae, anun (straits: 
 q. V.) : concerning the d. of provisions, 
 de rei frumentariae angustiis, Caes. : 
 Cic. 5. difficultas (prop, difficulty 
 of providing) : d. of evenithing, omnium 
 renim d., Hirt. 6. penuria: a d. <>/ 
 
 aquarura p.. Sail. 7. licuiia : v DE- 
 FICIT : cf. WANT, DEARTH. F b r. : a d. 
 of v-isdiim, sapientiae paruui, .Nill. 
 deficient (a<y) • 1- '""!'*• "l"=* ■ 
 
 priti'imes not at all d. in >'ien and 
 aixiundiiiy m money, piovinciae nee 
 inopes virorum, ei peiuiii.ie opuU-iilae, 
 J'ac. 2. nianciis (prop, crippled) : 
 
 Cic. 3. curtus (mutilated in some 
 ■I ay: poet.) : our d. (or imperfect) hop- 
 jjiness, curia res, Hor. Od. }, 24, O4. 
 I'hr.: to be d., deesse : v. wanting, 
 
 TO BE. 
 
 deficit (.«"''•'•)•• lacuna: to make up 
 a d., 1. rei familiaris explore, Cic. Verr. 
 2, 5;, Ij8. Or expr. by verb: as, 
 there is a d. of . . . , deficit . . .: v. 
 wanting, to be. 
 
 defier: 1. provocaior: Gell. : v. 
 CHALi.KNGER. 2. conlempior,sprctor: 
 V. de>i'Isi;r. 
 
 defile ("• ''•)•■ 1. contftmino, i 
 (usn. in tig. sense): to d. Wicself with 
 bloodshed, se sanguine c, Cic. : v. to 
 STAIN, SULLY'. 2. inquTno, I (esp. 
 
 vith filth) : to d. a dress, vestem in., 
 n. Fig.: to d. marriage and family 
 and homes, nuplias el genus et duniMS 
 in , Hor. 3. focdo, I: v. to liEiouL, 
 
 DisFii.URE. 4. inacQIo, coninrriculu, 
 1 : v. TO STAIN. 5. iticesto, I : v. to 
 
 POLLUTE. 
 
 defile (''• rntr.) : 1. transeo, trans- 
 vClior (the former of infantry, the 
 latter of cavalry) : foot and horse, 
 adorned vith their decorations, d.d. (in 
 triumphal procession), pedites equitcs- 
 que transiere ac transvccti sunt, Liv. 
 lo, 46 (tiansvehor is esp. used of the 
 equites d'fding b'fore the censor for 
 review: Liv. 9,46. /.'«.). 2. deinrro, 
 cuciirri and curri, cursuin, j ('/ military 
 vinvuments at quick pace) : Liv. 3. 
 aginine ujohe (to d. in column): Liv. 
 ap. guich. Ph r. : the army d.s through 
 the pass, agmea per saltum porrigilur, 
 Tac. A. I, 51. 
 
 defile (subs.) : 1. angustiae, arum : 
 a d. of the road, itineris a., Caes. 2. 
 fauces, iuni, /. (a mountain gorge) : v. 
 p.vss (subs.). 
 
 defiled (pa'<. a#)-' macillosus: or 
 use p. part, of verbs under to defile, 
 
 POLLUTE. 
 
 defilement: macula, contaminatio, 
 macuiraio (ilie latter two rare) : stu- 
 prum, of a woman : Cic. : v. pollution. 
 
 defiler: 1. contaminruor : d. of 
 his father's bed, tori p.iiemi c, Terl. 
 2. (of a woman) slupralor : Sen. : 
 v. polluter. 
 
 definable : q"*"! iiefiniri potest : v. 
 
 TOiiEKiNE: (deternnnal)ilis, e: Tert.). 
 
 define: I. ^'^ mark out, fix by 
 limits : 1. termino, i : to d. the 
 
 public from the private land, agrum 
 publicum a privato t., Cic: v. to 
 BOUND. 2. circuniscribo, psi, plum, 
 J (to enclose by precise boundaries) : to 
 d. any one's place of residence, locum 
 habitandi alicui c, Cic. 3. defiiiio, 
 4 : every one had hail his proper place 
 d.d, suus cuiiiue locus definitus erat, 
 Caes. II. I'o give a definition of: 
 L definio, 4: to d. an orator com- 
 prehensively, oratoris vim universani et 
 proprlam def. complectique, Cic: forti- 
 tude is rightly d.d by the Stoics to be 
 virtue def ending justice, probe definitur 
 a Stoicis fortitudo, quum earn virtutem 
 esse dicunt propugnantem pro aequil^iie, 
 Cic. Join: illustrare aiiquid, et detinire 
 verbis, Cic. 2. f inio, 4 : as if you 
 i^hould d. a horse, ut si finias equum, 
 yuint. 3. circumscribo, { : to d. a 
 nuin, [dicere el] c verbis quid sit homo, 
 tk'll. to d. briefly, brevi c. et detinire, 
 Cic. 
 
 definer: qui dt-nnit.etc: see rei-b. 
 
 definite: 1. definitus there are 
 two kinds of questinns, one ind., the 
 other d., (lua'estionum duo sunt genera, 
 alterum intiniluni, al'enim d., Cic. 
 2. fiiiit\is: used by Cic. as ^ de- 
 finitus (supr.): v. FINITE- Of the d. 
 article, f. arliculus, Vair. 3. stilus, 
 constlliitus : v. fixed, api-ointed. 
 
 definitely : 1. definite ; Cic 
 2. tliiite: Gell. 3. disenfe. r, 
 
 EXPBKS5LV. 
 
 definition : \. The act of ae- 
 
 fining : expr. by verb: as, to aim at 
 giving a/rrecl d.s, *rebus dehiiieiidis 
 verbisque proprie circumscribendi.- oind- 
 ere : v. 10 define (II ). ||. AJormal 
 definition: 1. dcfinitio a d. is a 
 sliort and exact explancUion, d. est 
 brevis et circunij-cripla explicallo, Cic 
 2. f initio: I'hr.: to give a d. of ;k 
 
 ihing: V. TO DEFINE (II.). 
 
 definitive: definitivus; Cic: de- 
 cretorius, .Sen., v. decisive. I'hr.: a 
 d. sentence, sentvnl\aL terminalis, JiisL: 
 to pronounce a d. sentence, litem dirim- 
 ere, Cic 
 
 definitively: 1. dlsene: v. ex- 
 
 PKtASLV. 2. dffinilivg: JusL 
 deflect : |, T ra n 8. : deUecto, xi, 
 
 XUm, J : V. TO BEND IKJWN. ||, I U- 
 
 trans.: 1. deUeclo : to d. a little, 
 paullum d.. Suet. 2. decedo, sai, 
 ssnm, } ■ Lucr. : v. to deviate. 3. 
 
 dftiinn, I : V. TO DECLINE. 
 
 deflection : 1. dcflexus, us : Col. 
 
 2. delle.xio: Macr. 3. decli- 
 njitio : by a flight d. of the body, ex- 
 igua corporis d.. Curt. 
 
 defloration : stuprum : v. df- 
 
 BAUCIIKIil, SEDUCTION. 
 
 deflour : 1, stupro, constnpro, i . 
 V. TO DF.UAUCil. 2. deviigino, I 
 (rare) : Petron. : v. TO SEDUCE. 
 
 deflourer : stupraior: v. debauciier. 
 
 deflnxion : 1. fluxio, /. .• dj 
 (runnings) feom the eyes, oculorum 
 fluxiones, Plin. 2. dt:fliivium : Plin. 
 
 3. dcflu.xio: Jul. Finn. 4. de- 
 stillatio: Pliu. 
 
 deform : df formo, foedo, in pejus 
 fiiigo (iise<i by Hor. of caricature), etc. : 
 
 V. TO DISFIGURE. 
 
 deformed (part, adj.) : 1, di- 
 
 formatns (coipore) : Cic. 2. pravu» 
 (cooked, misshapi'n ; esp. of particular 
 limbs or features) : (parts of the hody^ 
 that are d. or crippled, prava aul de- 
 bilitata aut iuiminuta, Cic: d. ankles. 
 p. tali, Hor. 3. depravatus ( = pravus , 
 but more freq. in fig. sense) . Varr. 
 
 4. distortus (tivisted out of proper 
 shape): that wise men when most d. 
 are yet handsome, sapientes si distort- 
 issimi sinl formosos esse, Cic : a d. 
 person (body), d. corpus, QuinL: Hor. 
 (.\.B. — Defunnis, though applicable lu 
 persons del'ornud, denotes rather ugly, 
 unsightly : extortus, as in Plin. Ep. 8. 
 18, med., is dislocated, put out of shape 
 by disease.) Special kinds of deformity 
 may be expr. by, viirus, hiock-k-nted ; 
 
 \ixl^is. bow-legyed ; etc.: where see the 
 several words. 
 
 deformity: 1. dcformltas: d.of 
 body, corporis d., Cic. . d. of mind. 
 animi d., Cic. 2. pravitas "(crooAtd- 
 ness : esp. of particular features): d. 
 of limbs, membrorum pr., Cic 3. 
 liisiorlio (?) • cf. Cic. Kin. 5, 12. }?. 
 P h r. : a jKTSon marked by sume d.. cui 
 aiiquid distortum, depravatum, immi- 
 nutum sit: cf. deformed. 
 
 defoul : foedo, inquino; coDCico 
 (with ordure) : v. TO polluth. 
 
 defraud : 1. fraudo, i (of ail 
 
 kinds of dishonesty) : to d one's cre- 
 ditors, credilores fr., Cic. : to d. any ime 
 of a triumph, aliquem triumpbo fir.. 
 Suet. 2. defraudo. I (le>s freq. than 
 simple verb) : to d. any one if the fruit 
 of his victor, aliquem fruciu victoriae 
 d.. Liv. : Cic. (rare). 3. circumvSnlo. 
 circuinscrilx) : v. to cheat, deceivb. 
 
 defrauder: fraudiiu.r: a d. of cre- 
 ditors, creditorum f., Cic. (dclraudator: 
 rare): v. cheat, rogue. 
 
 defray : 1. suppi-dUo. i (to sup- 
 ply what is needful): the expenses are 
 d.'d by a tox, iributo sunipius ^uppedil- 
 anturl Liv. 2. tOlero. i (to .«i/,'<(aiii'i; 
 by that means the public expmdituie is 
 li.'d, inde tolerantur impen>ae publicae, 
 I'lin. 12, 14. J 2- 3. subst-to, sUli, j 
 (strictly to bear up under) : I could not 
 d. the expense, sumptul •. non possem. 
 Brut. ap. Cic. Wv. 11, 10. 
 
 191
 
 DEFRAYER 
 
 DEISM 
 
 D E1.A Y 
 
 le^vaysv. qui sumptus suppecUtat, 
 etc : see verb. 
 
 defrayment: v. payment. 
 
 deft (rare) : agilLs (light, actiee), 
 habilis (handy, apt), mundus (neat) : 
 see the several words. 
 
 deftly : scienter (knoivingly, cleverly), 
 coniniOde {suitably, uell), scite. docle 
 (cleverly, expertly) : see the several 
 words. 
 
 defunct : mortuus, defunctus (vita) : 
 V. DKAD. Very nearly d., mOri'oundus, 
 Bemlaiiimis : v. half-dkau. 
 
 de& : |. To ehalltnge : 1. pro- 
 
 VOCO, I : V. TO CHALLEM>E. 2. ''t- 
 
 posco, poposci, } : boldness in d.ing 
 dangers, audacia irj depuscendis peri- 
 culis, Tac. II. To shi'i" cimleiiiptfor : 
 contemnu, sperno: v. DKbriSF. 
 
 degeneracy : P b r. : tlte d. of 
 morals increases diiy by day, mores de- 
 teriores increbrescunt in dies, PI. : the 
 moral d. of the state, corrupti mores 
 civitatis. Sail. : your brother tiho shoics 
 no d.from your family, frater tuns qui 
 a vobis nihil degeneral, Cic. : d. of 
 blood, degener sanguis, Sen. • had nut 
 d. in other matteis darkened even this 
 renoivn,m degeneratum (p. part.: not 
 Ciceronian) in aliis buic quoque decori 
 offecisset, Liv. i, 5}, init. : everything 
 i» destined to d., omnia fatis ruere in 
 pejus, Virg. 
 
 degenerate ("•) •■ 1 degengro, i : 
 
 andjruits d. forgetting Jormer juices, 
 pomaque d. succos oblita priores, Ov.; 
 Virg. : to d. from one's paraits, a pa- 
 rentibus d., Liv. : custom and discipline 
 did not allow him to d , consuetudu eum 
 et disciplina d. non sinebat, Cic. 2. 
 descisco, ivi or ii, itum, j : to d. from 
 their ancient glory (of the arts), d. ab 
 ista vetere gloria, Tac. 3. excido, 
 tjdi, J : liberty d.s into licence, in vitiuni 
 libertas e.xcidit. Her. 4. e.xpr. with 
 phr. as, in pejus ruere, Virg. dmeriores 
 fieri (v. foil, art.) • in vitium labi, Hor. : 
 
 V. TO DF.TKRIORATF.. 
 
 degenerate {adj.): 1. degener, 
 inens : not d. from a fat'ier's mien, 
 patrii non d. oris, Ov.- fear bring/ th to 
 proof d. souls, d. animos timor arguit, 
 Virg. 2. deterior, us (lit. worse, 
 inferior): a d. and faded age, d. ac 
 decolor aetas, Virg.: altogether d., de- 
 terrilllUS, Cic. 3. vitiosior, pejor, 
 etc.: or more precisely, pejor avis, 
 patre, etc. : v. Hor. Od. j, 6, 47. 
 
 degenerateness : e.xpr. with verb 
 
 as, how great is our d , quantum a pa- 
 tribus degeneravimus, etc.; v. to de- 
 
 CEXKRATE. 
 
 degeneration : v. preced. art. 
 
 deglutinate : deglutino, i (to loosen 
 vhat has become cemented): v. to 
 LOOSEN. 
 
 deglutition : expr. with verb ■ as. by 
 d., vcjrando, gliitit-ndo v. to swaxlow. 
 
 degradation : |. I. i t. . l. 
 (ordiiiis) aniOtio ; Cai. Dig. 2. ('b 
 ordine) motio, onis Ulp. 3. (gradus) 
 dejeclio : Modest. Dig. Phr.: sen- 
 tenced to d. (civil), capitis minor, Hor. : 
 dismissal with d. (from the army), 
 missio igiiominiosa, Ulp. v degrade. 
 II. tig-- 1. igiumiinia, dedecus 
 V. DISGRACE. 2. inimiiiutio (with or 
 without dignitatis) • Cic. 
 
 degrade : I. L' '• ; expr. byordo 
 (3f officers in the army), or locus (of rank 
 in general): as, to d. to the ranks, in 
 ordiiicm cogere, Liv.; redigere, Suet.; 
 adimere ordinem (of centurions only). 
 Tab. Heracl. Fhr. : to d. from the 
 rank of senator, aliquem • senatorio 
 loco (= senatu) movere, Cic. : to d. a 
 common soldier, militem cingulo e.xuere. 
 Cod. II, Fig.: 1. dehoiiesto, de- 
 dgcoro, ignominia afficio, etc. : v. to 
 disgrace. 2. iniminuo, i, utum, 3 
 (with some such word as dignitatem): 
 to d. the Roman peoplt in reputation 
 and influence, populi K. existimationem 
 atque auctoritatem im., Cic. : also absol. 
 with ace. of person, Tac. 3. abjicio, 
 jeci, Jectum, j (with auctoritatem, etc.). 
 he has d.d ike senate, auctoritatem se- 
 natus abjecit, Cic. : also absbl., to d. one- 
 192 
 
 self, se ab., id. 4. affligo, xi, clum, j 
 (in certain connexions : strictly to dash 
 dovm) : the commonwealth was (dt/eply) 
 d.d by that bought and debauched trial, 
 afflicta resp. est empto constupraioque 
 judicio, Cic. Att. i, 18, }. 5- abiluco, 
 xi, ctum, J (needing to be defined by 
 context) : to d. so important an ait 
 from the dignity of religion to mere 
 lucre, tantam artem a religioiiis nuciur- 
 itate abd. ad mercedem, Cic. 6. de- 
 v6co, 1 (ad aliquid) : Plin. 
 
 degrading {adj.): l. ignomlni- 
 osiis ■ V. ioNOMiNioi:s. 2. indigims • 
 it is d. to be vanquished by an equal or 
 a superior ; more d. still by an inferior 
 and meaner man, indignum est a pari 
 Vinci aut superiore; indignius ab in- 
 leriore atque humiliore, Cic. Phr.: d. 
 fetters, vlncula .... corpus cum Itn- 
 mlnntione constringentla, based on Cic. 
 (Niigels.) it is very d., maximae est igno- 
 iiuiii:ie, turpitudini : v i)i.«<;rtACEFfL. 
 
 degree : I. -^ graduated interval 
 or stage : 1. gradus, us: all the d.s 
 of sounds, omnes sonorum g., Cic. : that 
 d. of ivisdom, iste g. sapientiae, Cic. : 
 we are removed from him by just so 
 many d.s (of affinity), toiidem gradus 
 distatnus ab illo, Ov. Adv., by ds, 
 gradalim, Cic. (= paulatim or paulla- 
 tim) v. GRADUALLY. 2. fastigiuiii 
 (the highest d.) : v. pinnacle. Phr. 
 in some d., aliquantum ; v. consider- 
 ably- to a certain d., aliquatenus. Sen. : 
 Quint. : to that d. of insolence, eo in- 
 solentlae, Plin. : to such a d. if ano- 
 gance, hue arrogantiae, Tac. : to what 
 d. of madness, quo amentiae. Liv . to 
 what d. (precisely), quatenus, Cic. : to 
 arrire at the highest d. of good fortune, 
 ad sumnium forlunae venire, Hor. a 
 voice harsh to a d., vo.\ extra (praeter) 
 moduni absona, Cic. • in the highest d., 
 maxime; in the least d., mininie, Cic. : 
 by gentle d.s (of an ascent or descent), 
 leniter, Caes. (v. gently): to hate any 
 one to a wonderful d., niiris modis 
 odisse aliquem, I'er. : some cf/nsiderable 
 (i.. aliquantum (wiih ^/o?.) .- v. consider- 
 able: some slight d., nuniiihil, pauUum. 
 paullulum (Willi gen.): v. little, some- 
 what: m the same d. as, ueque ac, 
 Cic. : V. EQUALLY. ||. Station, rank : 
 1. gradus: the senutoruil d., sena- 
 torius g., Cic. . t. kank. 2. ordo, 
 inis. m.; v. order. Phr.: of high d., 
 iiobilis, Ov.- of low d., humllis, Xep. 
 III. Academical: *gradus : M.L. 
 
 dehort (rare) : dghortor, i v. dis- 
 suade. 
 
 deification: 1, consecratio(ei;p. 
 of the Rinnan emperors) : Tac. 2. 
 aputheOsis, is, /. (arroBeuiai';) - Tert. 
 (()r e.xpr. with verb. v. to deify.) 
 
 deified: 1, consecratus : Claudius 
 d., c. CI. Tac. 2. (esp. of Roman em- 
 perors deceased) divus . the d. (deceased) 
 Augustus, divus Augustus, Tac. 
 
 deify : 1, consecro (less precise 
 than the English), the Egyptians hare 
 d d almost every kind of beast, omne 
 fere genus bestiarum Aegyptii conse- 
 craverunt, Cic. 2. dlco, i (rare) : 
 Augustus d.'d, inter numina dicatus A.. 
 Tac. Phr.: tliou wilt be d.'d, dn-us 
 habeberis, Hor. ; to be d.'d, iiumerum 
 deorum obtiiiere, Cic. : to d. (a.-icrilie 
 divinity to) the sun, soli divinitatem 
 dare, tribuere, Cic. N. D. i, ii, seqq. 
 simly, terram, coelum in deos referre, 
 Cic. ib. : :o d. men (fig ), homines ad 
 deos evenere, Hor, 
 
 deign : 1, dignor, i. I d. not to 
 canvass the grammarian tribes, giam- 
 maticas ambire tribus non dignor, Hor. 
 S"et. (but the verb is not so used in 
 Cii..) v. TO condescend. 2. euro, i 
 (to take pains or trouble) : not to d. to 
 read, legere non curare, Cic. 3. expr. 
 by aspernor, gravor, or similar verbs, and 
 a negative . as, and thou didst deign to 
 hear his call, nee tu aspernata vocautem, 
 Virg. 
 
 deism: (?) *deismus (a barbarous 
 word, but allowed by Kr. and Georg.). 
 Dsu. better expr. by circuml., •opinio 
 eorum qui Deum quidem esse putam, 
 
 Chrisiianani autem religionem tollunt. 
 (N.B. — Not theismus; which is theism: 
 q- V-) 
 
 deist: *q"i Christlanam religionem 
 tollit, opinione J)ei qualiscunque salva 
 and comp. dkism. (N.B. — Avoid deista; 
 which, however, is sanctioned by Kr.) 
 
 deistical : expr. by circuml. : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 deity : I. As person : 1. dens, 
 /. dea; divus, /.diva v. god, goddess. 
 2. numen, Inis, n. (the most gen. 
 term ; but almost cntiiely poet.) ; the 
 great d.s, magna n., Virg. : present d.s, 
 praesentia n., Virg.: if any d.s regard 
 tfiepious, si quarespectant n. pios.Virs;. 
 II. Abstract, deitas : Arnob. (Or 
 expr. by circuml., as, to teach the d. nf 
 Christ, *Christum Deum esse docere . 
 
 V. GOD.) 
 
 deject: dejldo, affligo, j: v. to 
 CAST DOWN ; and foil. art. 
 
 dejected (adj): 1. demlssus: 
 Cic. Join: (aiiinins) demissus et op- 
 pressus ; d. et huniilis, Cic. 2. 
 
 fractus - Join: fracto animo et de- 
 misso. Cic. 3. afflictus (stronger than 
 the preceding : prostrated) .- Cic. 4. 
 jacens, nils (lit. lying on the ground): 
 to arouse a friend's d. mind, amici 
 animuci J.excitare, Cic. - to comfort one 
 II ho IS d., jacentem solari, Ov. 5, P*r- 
 culsus (suffering from a violent shock) : 
 Cic. Phr.: tobeti.,(animo) Jacere.Clc; 
 to become d., animam deniittere, id. 
 (Dejectus. poet, and late: Virg.: Quint.) 
 
 dejectedly: demisse: v. humbly. 
 Usu. better expr. by a modal abl. ; as. 
 to gaze d. on the ground, capiie demisso 
 terram intueri, Caes. : so aniino demisso, 
 oppre,sso: v. dejected. 
 
 dejection : anlmi ahjectio, demissio. 
 dejeclio; animus demissus, jacens, af- 
 flictus : v. DEJECTED: see also, sad- 
 ness, grief. 
 
 delay («.): |. Trans.: 1. 
 
 ni6ror, i : to d. and hinder the enemy's 
 marcli, hostium iter m. aique inipedire, 
 Caes. : Cic. 2. renioror, i (to keep 
 liack) • to d. anyone's march, iter r.. 
 Sail. : Cic 3. demOror, i (strength- 
 ened from moror) : no enemy d.ing the 
 march, nullo hoste iter deniorante, 
 Caes. : Cic. 4. laido, i (to cause to 
 be slow or behind lime) : to d. a start, 
 profectionem t., Cic. : also rJtardo. id. 
 5, detineo, ui. tentum, 2 • v. de- 
 tain. 6, expr. hj' niOra: as, to d. 
 a thing, moram alicui rei inferre, Cic. : 
 Caes. : m. facere, Cic. : Liv. - cf. to 
 DEFER, postpone. ||. Intrans.: 1. 
 cunctor, i : (Fabius) by d.ing restored 
 the empire, cunctando restituit rem, 
 Knn. ap. Cic. but usu the word implies 
 blame: Join: (non) cunci;uidum ne- 
 que cessandum esse. Ijiv. 2. cesso. 
 I : v. loiter : to d. to die. mori cessare, 
 Hor. 3. tardo, i (usu. trans.: v. 
 supr.)- whether it were iettn- to d., an 
 t. melius esset, Cic. 4. niOror, i v. 
 LINGER. Phr.: he d.'d nut to come, 
 nihil in mora habuit quominus veniret. 
 Veil. : coinp. foil. art. 
 
 delay {^ubs.) , l. mora : to occa- 
 sion d. in the Irvying of troopf, moram 
 deleclui facere, Liv : also inferre, Cic. : 
 Caes. • to devise (repeated) d.s, moras 
 nectere, Sen.- without d., sine m., Cic. : 
 / will marry her uithout d„ nee ulla m. 
 est quin eam uxorem ducam, ler. . 2. 
 cunctatio, 4 (implying blame ; whereas 
 mora is neutral) ■ casting asid^ all d, 
 abjecta omni c. (=^ sine euiictatione, 
 id.), Cic. 3. cessatio (doing anything 
 slackly, loitering): v. idleness. 4. 
 procrastlnatio (putting off from day to 
 day) : Cic. : v. procrastination 5. 
 prolatio (act of putting off) : v. post- 
 ponement. 6. prdlatatio: similar 
 to prolatio . Tac. 7. dilatio : to beg 
 for d., d. petere, Plin. . to grant d., 
 dare d.. Quint. ; without d., sine d.. 
 Veil. Phr.. after a d. of a few days 
 had been granted you to pay, paucis tibi 
 ad solvendum prorogatis diebus, Cic: 
 after th~ee days' d. (interval), Iridua 
 intermisso, Caes. ; full of d.s, clinGt> 
 abuiidus, l.iv.
 
 DELAYER 
 
 DELICATE 
 
 D E L 1 N K A T E 
 
 delayer : 1. moralor (of another) : 
 a d. of a ptthlic bettejit, publici corn- 
 modi m., Uiv. 2. cuiictalor (it/io 
 delai/s himself ) : from a most dashing 
 warri(/r iKconie a d., cuiicUitor ex acer- 
 rinio bellaiore faetus. Liv. 3. <!>• 
 lator: Hor. 4. tessator; v. loithkei;. 
 
 delectable : amoenus, jucuudus, de- 
 leclalllU^ ( I uc.) . V. i)F.i,i(iirrFi;i.. 
 delectation: deipctuiio. obieciaiio: 
 
 V. <iKATIKIC,»TION, AMLSKJIKNT. 
 
 delegate ("•) •• I. ''" depute .- lego. 
 alU'gii, dclegu, i : v. dki-ltation (to 
 send on), DEruTK. ||, Tu tiitrust, 
 commit to a .substitute : 1. dclego, 
 I : to d. lutiour to another, laboreui 
 alleri d., Cic. 2. maiido, comnicndo, 
 demandu, i : v. commit. 3. defero, 
 tuli, latum, j (usu. Implying superioriti/ 
 in the person to whom) : to d. to any 
 one the pkadivi/ of tmes cause, causam 
 ad aliquem d., Cic.: v. to kntrkat. 
 
 delegate {^ubs.)-. iggaius: v. de- 
 
 PDTY, C()MMIS.->IONEB. 
 
 delegated (<«<?•)■• viciirius {apper- 
 taining to a substitute): Cic: v. vi- 
 carious. 
 
 delegation: I. ^Ae a/:t of dele- 
 gating : 1. m!Uidatu.s, us (only in 
 abl. sing.): hi/ Caesfvnia's d. (a busi- 
 ness act). Caescimiae niaiidatu, Cic. 
 Caec. 1, 19. 2. delegalio (in Cic. 
 only of an assignment to pay) : v. dei-h- 
 TATioN, UEi-UTV. 3. expr. with verb: 
 as, by d. of the people, *quuni eum 
 populus legatuin misisset, etc. : v. de- 
 pute. II, A body of delegates: le- 
 gatio, legati: v. deputation. 
 
 delete (j") ■• deieo, 2 : v. to blot out. 
 
 deleterious : noxius, malus (esp. in 
 legal plir. malo veneim, by d. drugs, 1, e. 
 poison): V. NOXIOUS, PERNIcioIS 
 
 delf : '■ c- earthenuare or made of 
 it: tictilis, e; in pi. as subs, ticlilia, 
 ium V. earthenware. 
 
 deliberate C^')- 1. consuio, ui, 
 
 ultum. ! (i)l iiidividuals or deliberative 
 assemblie.'i) : nlien you havr. d.d. Ihrre is 
 need of prompt action, ubi consulueris 
 mature lacto opus est, Sail. ; to give way 
 to panic rather than to d., trepidare 
 magi.s qiiani c, Liv. 2, delibfiio, I 
 (to weigh carefully the grounds, pro and 
 con): they d. concerning Arancum, de 
 Avail™ deliberatur, Caes. : yoic ought 
 to d. Ion;/ and digest the matter irell, tibi 
 diu deliberandum et concoquendum 
 est, imm . . Cic. 3. ago, egi, ac- 
 tum, ? (of deliberative bodies only): v. 
 TO DEiiATE (3). 4, considero, i : v. 
 TO CONSIDER. P h r. : ti is for you to d. 
 what you ought to do, vestrum jam con- 
 silium est quid sit vobis faciendum, 
 Cic: (" d. uith oneself, aliquid secum 
 agitare, I'er. ; (in) aniliio, mente agitaie, 
 Cic: Nep. : v. TO meditate: also ver- 
 sare, with in animo or absol. (to turn 
 over in the mind, carefully examine) : 
 
 V. REVOLVE, REFLECT ON. 
 
 deliberate (atO-) •■ |. or persons 
 
 or their actions ; showing careful deli- 
 beration: 1. consideratus : Caesar 
 had become more slow and d., Caesar 
 tardior ct deliberatior factus erat, Hirt. : 
 to call a mail slow instead of d., tardum 
 pro consideratu vocare (of Kabius), Liv. 
 22, 39../'" 2. circumspectus : .Suet, 
 (opp. to Inconsultus, praeceps) : v. CIR- 
 CUMSPECT. II. Only of acts; delibe- 
 rately resolred on, premeditated : 1, 
 considfiratus (of what has been care- 
 fully considered) : Cic. 2. cogitatus: 
 Join: meditatum et cogitalum (sce- 
 lus), Cic. I'hil. 2, J4. 85. 3. delibg- 
 ratus: Hor. Od. i, 37, fin.. (See the 
 place.) 1' h r. : d. injuries, iiijuriae quae 
 nocendi causa de industria inferuntur, 
 Cic. Off. I, 7, 24 : 6;/ d. choice or discre- 
 tion, deleclu aut sapientia, Cic. Plane. 
 4, 9: it is my d. intention, certuni est, 
 certum est Ueliberatumque (foil, by 
 inf.), Cic: I'er. |||, .vfeio; 1. 
 lentils: a very d. (drawling) speaker, 
 I. in dicendo, Cic. : a d. judge, jude.\ 1. 
 est consideratus, Cic. fr. 2. tardus 
 or perh. tardior (see Gr. i) J51): v. 
 
 SLOW. 
 
 deliberately : I. vrnh judicious 
 
 deliberation : \, considerate : Cic. : 
 Liv. 2. circunispecie (with circum- 
 spection): Quint. ; v. cautiously. 3. 
 cogitate (with tlumgUt), Pi.: Cic. (also 
 cogitaio, V. inf. II.). 4. caule : v. 
 CAUTiocsLV. II. Intentionally, with 
 premeditation : 1, consuUo : .Join: 
 conbuUo et cogitaio (111 injuria), Cic 
 2. cogitato : v. supr. 3. lie or 
 ex industria : v. intentionally, de- 
 signedly. III. Slowly : 1, lenle : 
 Caes. ; Cic. (the word may or may not 
 denote blame). 2. tarde : v. slowly. 
 
 deliberateness : «-xpr. by circumi. 
 
 an, remarLabU for the d. with which he 
 acted as judge, •imprimis In Judicio ex- 
 ercendo consideratus: uho shous great 
 d. in the midst of danger, (cui) pluri- 
 mum ronsilii Inler i|»s;i pericula, Liv.; 
 with d. (slowly and gradually), lente: 
 V. DEl.IliEKATKl.Y. 
 
 deliberation : 1. deiiberatio : Oie 
 
 matter requires d., liabet res d., Cic. : in 
 sim. sense, in deliberationem cedere. id. 
 2, consultalio (the act of consult- 
 ing orer : whereas deliberatio is the 
 ca)e/i</ weighing of reasons): v. con- 
 sultation. 3. expr. by verbs given 
 under TO DELIBERATE as, there is need 
 of d., opus est consullo (where con- 
 sulto is /). part, neul.) : a d. is held in 
 tlie public council, deliberatur In com- 
 muni coiisUio, Caes. : after mature d., 
 quum [bene] consulueris, deliberaveris : 
 see ««/ b. P h r. : the matter was re- 
 ferred for d. to the senate, res ad sena- 
 lum relala est, Liv. : / take no part in 
 public d.s, pnblicis consiliis iiullis inter- 
 sum, Cic.: i<'(//t d., V. deliberately, 
 
 cf. also KKI-LKCTION, consideration. 
 
 deliberative : deliberalivus : Cic. 
 Ph r. ; a d. body, con-silium, Cic. 
 
 delicacy: I. Fineness of texture: 
 subiillias, lenuitas : v. fineness. ||. 
 He lined perception oT taste: 1. sub- 
 tiliias: Attic d. as it is called, va s. 
 quam Atticam appellant, Cic. : Tac 
 2, elSgantia: v. refinement, ele- 
 gance. 3. taslidium (over d.) : Join: 
 fastidium (h gentium) deliciaeque, Plin. 
 Ep. : V. FASTIDIOUSNESS. P h r. : (the 
 animal) has great d. of scent, nares acu- 
 tissimas habet, olfactus sensum acerri- 
 nium habet; v. keek, acute; to adapt 
 oneself to Attic d. and nicety of judg- 
 ment, ad Atticorum aiires teretes et 
 religlosas se accommodare, Cic. Or. 9, 
 init. (delicatae aures, Quint. }, i, }, has 
 a different sense: see the place): v. re- 
 finement. Ill, Of manners; volup- 
 tuousness : mollitja : v. effeminacy. 
 
 IV. Of feeling; scrupulous regard 
 for the feelings of others : *humanit;is 
 considerata atque religiosa ; considerala 
 urbaiiitas : v. politeness, courtesy. 
 Ph r. : to treat the passionate with more 
 than usual tenderness and d.. mollius 
 delicatiiLsque tracuire iracundos, .Sen. 
 
 V, Exquisite flavour : 1. sua- 
 vitas: Cic 2. (Jucuudus) siipor : v. 
 flavour. VI. Concrete ; _/oo(< u(/)te- 
 able to the palate ; cupedia, siipures : 
 v. dainty (subs.). 
 
 delicate (udj.) .• |. of fine tex- 
 ture: fine, sojt, etc.: 1. subiilis, 
 tenuis: v. thin, fine. 2. leiier, f ra, 
 erum ; dimin. tgiielliilus. Cat. : v. ten- 
 der. 3. deliciitus : a girl more d. 
 than a tender little kid, puella lenellulo 
 delicatior haedo. Cat. ||. Having 
 fineness of perceptvm or judgment : \\ 
 subtilis, e: o d. palate, s. palatum, 
 Hor.: Cic: v. subtle, precise. 2. 
 acatus : v. keen. 3. iCres, Clis (fig. : 
 prop, smooth, well-turned) : d. and scru- 
 pulous ears, aures t. et religlosae, Cic. 
 4. elegans, ntis: v. nice, refined: 
 a persojt of the most d. tatte (with refer- 
 ence to works of an), lurmo in onini 
 judicio elegaiitissimus.Cie. Kam. 7, 27, ad 
 init. 6. lastidiosus ^over-d.) : v. fasti- 
 dious. 6. urbanus (of politeness) . v. 
 I-OLITE, refined. |||. Agreeable to the 
 taste : 1, suavis : Hor. : v. delici- 
 ous. 2. exquisilus: v. choice (adj.). 
 3. delicatus : Plin. |V- Of 
 health : not good : 1. infirmus : d. 
 health, iirf. valetudo. Cic 2. tenuis, e : 
 O 
 
 a person of very d. health, tenui 'ant 
 poiius nulla] valeludlue (homo), Cic. de 
 Sen. II, jj: Caes.: v. weak, feeble. 
 V. Difficult to deal with : lubricus 
 (lit. slippery) : a d. matter to handle (in 
 speaking), anceps et 1. li>cus, Plin. Kp. : 
 a very dijlicult and d. modf. of conduct- 
 ing the defence, perdifficilis et I. d.len- 
 sionis ratio, Cic. Plan. 2, ; : a d. businen. 
 res dilticillima traclatu, Liv. 
 
 delicately : subiillur, eleganter ; 
 niol liter, delicate (boih in bad sense): 
 see adj. 
 
 delicateness : "■ delicacy. 
 
 delicious t"' UxA). 1. suavis, e: 
 it. things (.birds for the table, ». res), 
 Hor. 2. exquisilus: d. repasts. 
 
 ex. epulae, Plin. 3. dellcaius, Plin. 
 P h r. : 7nore d. (of eggs), succi melloris 
 Hor. 
 
 delielously: v. delightfully. 
 
 deliciousness: sua%1tas: Cic: V. 
 delii.htfllxk.-^. 
 
 delight {subs.) : I, f\xling of 
 
 pleasure: 1. delectalio: man it led 
 by the d. of seeing and Iwariny, homo 
 videndi et audiendi delectationedutltur, 
 Cic. (For the distinction beiween de- 
 lectalio and obleciatio, v. amusement.) 
 
 2. v61uptas: v. pleasure. 3. 
 gaudium : v. jot. ||, Ttie cause of 
 d.: 1. deliciae, arum: Oie d. (fa- 
 vourite) of the people, deliciae jKipull, 
 PI.: Cic: Virg. 2. (poet.): volup- 
 tas: d. ql men and gods (Venus), divum 
 hominiimque voUiptas, Lucr. 3. ob- 
 lectamentum, dj: of the table, oblecta- 
 nienta gulae, Plin. 4, (poet.): anioe- 
 nitas: my wife, my d., uxor mea, mea 
 am., PI. : V. JOY. 
 
 delight («'.) •• I. Trans.: 1. 
 deleclo, oblecto, I (the former deiioliiig 
 absolutely that enjoyment is caused; 
 the latter that it is a solace or diversion 
 from some other state of mind) : Cic. : 
 Ter. 2. juvo, Jiivi.Jutum (/u<. part, 
 jiivatiirus), i : esp. poet. : the camp d t 
 many, niultos cistraj., Hor.: and words 
 which d. the ear, aiiremque juvantia 
 verba, Ov. 3. expr. by voluptas: as, 
 voluptatem afferre; voluptatc a£Bcere, 
 
 etc.: v. TO PLEASE, PLEASURE. ||. 
 
 1 n t ra n s. : 1. gaudeo, giivisus sum, 
 
 2 (with old. of subs.; usu. inf. of verb, 
 or quod and indic. : v. to rejoice) : he 
 d.s in horses and dogs, gaudet equis > ani- 
 busque, Hor. : to d. in praise, laudibu* 
 g., Liv. (laudari, t^uint.) : everything we 
 d. in is pleasure, onine id in quo g-aude- 
 mus volupuis est, Cic. 2 expr. by 
 placeo, arrideo, etc. (with dat.) : J d. 
 not now in princely Home, inihi Jam 
 lion regia Koma placet, Hor.: / d. in 
 that nook above all otlic}S. ille terrarum 
 mihi praeter omnes aiigulus ridel, id., 
 Od. 2, 6, 1 }. (Cic has arrideo ; also Hor. 
 Sat. I, 10, 890 3. expr. by pass, of 
 verbs under (L): on tfiis I Jeasl, in 
 thi.i I d., this I enjoy, his ego rebus 
 pascor, his delector, his pertruor, Cic. in 
 Pis. 20, init. 
 
 delightful : 1. imoonus (esp. to 
 the eyes) : the d. coumtry, am. rus, Hor. : 
 Cic. 2. jucuudus (171 any way) ; a d. 
 comjxini'ii, comes j., Cic: losing in a 
 d. manner, j. in modum canere, (Jell. 
 
 3. suavis, e (stronger than jucuu- 
 dus : V. sweet) : it is d. to take from a 
 qreat heap, suave est ex magno tollere 
 "acervo, Hor. : it is very d. to me to re- 
 member i)ou, mihi suavissimum est tuae 
 memoriae dare operam. Cool. ap. Cic 
 
 4 dulcis, e (like suavis): Cic: v. 
 SWEET. (.\.B.— The stronger sense of 
 delightful may ofun be best e.xpr. by 
 superl. of the alxive ailjeclives.) 
 
 delightfully: iinioonc, Jucunde, 
 suavtter (or sujierl. of the same): v. 
 
 PLEASANTLY. 
 
 delightfulness : jiicunditas. su4- 
 
 viias, am.ieiiitas (e>p. to the eyes): v. 
 
 PLEASANTNESS, SWEKTNI-.SS. 
 
 delineate : I. ''*' "»<""*^ •"'' "^^ 
 a line: describo, delineo, designo : v. to 
 MARK OUT, DI->CRIBE. ||. To r(';jr«ent 
 by lines or n-ords; limn, sketch, describe: 
 1. describo, psi, ptum, } : a ftainter 
 could not d. his figure more exactly, nOD 
 »9-'
 
 DEI^INEATION 
 
 D ELUS I ON 
 
 DEM E AW 
 
 potnit plctor rectius d. ejus formani, 
 PI. : so of character, Cic. : v. to de- 
 scribe. 2, (verbis) exprimo, pressi, 
 pressum, j : Join: exprimere et el- 
 fingere verbis, Auct. Her. .- also with 
 oralione, Cic. : v. rei-resent. 3. 
 
 pono, p6sui, itum, }: to d. a man, a 
 god, homiuem, deum p., Hor. 4. 
 
 imitor, I : V. to imitate. 5. &<1- 
 
 umbrii, I ; V. TO sketch. 
 
 delineation : descriptio (marking 
 out, planning) : Cic. Usu. however 
 expr. with verb : as, no one ivas ever 
 more accurate in the d. of character, 
 *nemo unquam mores ingeniuniqus ho- 
 minum subtilius descripsit; verbis s. 
 oratioiie expressit, etc. : v. preced. art. 
 See also, sketch, DESCRrprioN. 
 
 delinquency : delictum ; quod con- 
 tra ofHclum est : V. OFFENCE. 
 
 delinQUent : (homo) noxius : v. OF- 
 FENDER, GtJILTV. 
 
 delirious : phrgneticus : Cic. : Cels. 
 Phr. : to be d., *delirio laborare ; per 
 morbum mente alienata esse; v. loll, 
 art. 
 
 delirium : 1. delirium : Cels. 
 2. phrenesis, is, /. : Cels. : Juv. : 
 
 V. INSANITY. 
 
 deliver : ("• t.) -. |, To release : 1, 
 libero, I (with ace. andaW.): Cic: Liv. : 
 v. TO RELIEVE, FREE. 2. eximo, emi, 
 emptum, ; (with ace. ana dat., or abl. 
 with prep.) : to d. (any one) from, death, 
 morti (aliquem) ex., Tac. : to d. any one 
 from chains, e vinculis aliquem ex., 
 
 Cic. : v. TO RESCUE, EXEMPT. 3. SOlvO, 
 
 sxsolvo, }: v. TO RELEASE. 4. eripio, 
 ripui, reptum, i : lit. to snatch from: v. 
 TO RF.SCUE. 5. Bervo, conserve, i : v. 
 
 TO SAVE, PRESER\E. 6. VindlCO, I 
 
 (implying that some rightjul claim is 
 made good) : wisdom aUme d.s us from 
 the violence of lusts, sapientia sola nos a 
 libidinura inipetu v., Cic. : also with abl. 
 without prep. : L. G. 9 job. ||, To 
 hand over to: J, do, dgdi, datum, 
 dare : of Utters : to deliver to a ktter- 
 cai-rier, to "post," literas alicui d., Cic. ; 
 also with ad and ace. of the person to 
 vhom the letter is written, Cic. : also 
 with dat., of delivering a letter to the 
 person for whom it was destined, Cic. 
 2. reddo, didi, ditum, j (esp. of 
 letters or messages) : C'incius d.'d to me 
 a Utter from you, C. mihi abs te epi- 
 stolara reddidit, Cic. : to d. messages, 
 mandata r.. Suet. 3, trado (trans- 
 do), didi, dItum, j (to hand over) : to d. 
 a treasure to a friend, amico thesaurum 
 tr., PI. : to d. oneself up to the enemy, 
 tr. se hostibus, Caes. : to d. up to punish- 
 ment, aliquem ad supplicium (supplicio. 
 Suet.) tr., Nep. : to d. up to incarcer- 
 ation, in custodiam tr., Cic. : to d. over 
 to protection, in fidem tr., Liv. : to d. 
 a xvill to any one to read, testamentum 
 alicui legendum tr., Hor. : v. to hand 
 DOWN, OVER. 4. dedo, prodo, j : v. 
 
 TO GIVE UP, .SURRENDER. |||. To 
 
 give forth, rehearse : 1. habeo, 2 : to 
 d. a speech, an harangue, orationem, 
 contlonem h., Caes. : Cic. 2. dico, 
 xi, ctum, i : a speech d.'d from im-itten 
 notes, oratio dicta de scripto, Cic: to d. 
 judgment, sentence. Jus, sententiam d., 
 Cic : V. TO UTTER. 3. ago, egi, actum, 
 J (with special reference to manner of 
 speaking and action) : au-kuardness in 
 d.ing (a speech), deformitas agendi, 
 Cic: to d. with dignity and grace, a. 
 cum dignitate et venustate, Cic. 4. 
 pronuntio, i (the most exact equivalent 
 of tlie English word) : Join: agere et 
 pronuntiare (as comprehending the entire 
 practice of a speaker), Cic. : v. delivery. 
 Phr. • to d a speech, verba facere, Cic. 
 IV. TV) Ut fly: as missiles: mitto, 
 jacio (conjicio, of a number) : v. to dis- 
 charge. V. To act as accoucheur : 
 (feminae) parturienti adesse, cf. Ov. F. 
 J, 256 : *femlnae parturienti operam 
 dare : to be d 'd of a daughter, puellam 
 parere, Ter. . did you d. my motlier ? 
 an tu fulstj meae matri obstetrix ? PI.: 
 9ewly d.'d, feta ■ <l newly d.'d she-bear, 
 f. iirsa, Ov. : fneruis icere coming to the 
 newly d.'d (mother) to ccngratulate 
 IQ4 
 
 (her), veniebant ad fetam amicae gratu- 
 lalum, Varr. 
 deliverance : i- e. release, saving : 
 
 1. salus, litis,/.: to bring assist- 
 ance and d. to the needy, opem indi- 
 gentibus s que ferre, Cic. : v. safety, 
 preservation. 2. Uberatio (the act 
 o{ setting free) : Cic. 
 
 deliverer : I. ^"e vho dfUvers 
 
 from some evil : 1, libgrator (one 
 who sets fret) -. the d.s of their country, 
 patriae liberatores, Cic. : Liv. 2. 
 
 vindex, icis, m. (strictly, an avenger) : 
 d. from danger, periculi v., Liv. : Her- 
 cules, the d. of earth, H. terrae v., Ov. 
 3. servator (one who preserves in 
 safeti/) : the temple of Jove the d., lem- 
 plum Jovis s., Plin. 4. conservator ; 
 fern, conservalrix (more Ireq. than 
 simple Word) : the guardians and d.s of 
 this city (the gods), custodes et c. hujus 
 urbis, Cic. 5. salvator : rare except 
 in Christian writers: v. saviour. ||, 
 One u ho hands over : expr. with verb: 
 V. TO deliver (II.): d. of a message, 
 nuntius,/em. iiuntia: v. messenger. 
 
 delivery : I. ^ setting frre, etc. : 
 v. DELIVERANCE. ||, Act of bringing 
 forth children : 1. partus. Us (child- 
 birth) : Cic. 2. partura (^= partus) : 
 Varr. 3. puerpgrium, PI. : Tac. : 
 Gell. (N.B.— May often be expr. by a 
 verb: as, after d., enixa: to have a hard 
 d., difficile, cum magnis doloribus par- 
 ere : v. BRING FORTH.) |||, I'tterancc 
 and gesture .- 1, actio : dignity of 
 d., actionis dignitas, Cic: v. action. 
 
 2. pronuntiatio : d. is by most per- 
 sons called action, pr. a plerisque actio 
 dlcitur, t^uint. (Actio is the more com- 
 prehensive term, and includes the entire 
 movement and bearing of a speaker.) 
 
 3. el6cutio (oratorical d.) : Cic. : v. 
 
 ELOCUTION. 
 
 dell : a grot, specus, vallis, vallicula : 
 
 V. VALLF.y, DALE. 
 
 delta: 'he letter: Delta, n. (indecl.): 
 Plin.: also, delta, ae : Anson.: used as 
 in Eng. of a district of land : Plin. 
 
 delude : decjpio ; illiido (with ilat.), 
 deludo (with ace.) ; lacto, etc. : v. to 
 
 DECEIVE. 
 
 deluder : deceptor, liisor : v. de- 
 ceiver. 
 
 deluding (.odj-) ■ fallax, vanus : V. 
 
 DELUSIVE. 
 
 deluge: I. Lit.: l. diluvium 
 (most gen. term ; denoting a wide-spread 
 inundatum) : constant stonns and fre- 
 quent ds, assiduae tempestates et crebra 
 d.. Plin. Ep. : Sen. 2. diluvies, ei, 
 / : Hor. : Plin. 3. eliivio, onis, /. : 
 Cic. (twice). 4. inundatio : v. in- 
 undation, FLOOD. Phr.: to destroy 
 mankind by a d., genus mortale sub 
 undis perdere, Ov. : those whimi the d. 
 spared, qui bus unda pepercit, Ov. : a d. 
 of waters, agmen aquarum, Virg. : a 
 perfect d. of water, magna tIs aquae, 
 Cic. II. Fig.: Phr.: to pmr forth 
 a d. of tears, vim lacrimarum profund- 
 ere, Cic: in such a d. of calamity, 
 superantibus ac emergentibus malis, 
 Liv.: he was buried beneath a perfect 
 d. of the enemy, jacentera superfusi 
 hostes oppresserun t, Liv. (Diluvium 
 when used fig. denotes a sweeping deso- 
 lation, as by a deluge.) 
 
 deluge (''.): I. Lit.: 1. in- 
 undo, I : to d. the land with water, ter- 
 ram aqua in., Cic. 2. diliivio, i 
 (rare) : Lucr. Phr.: the whole country 
 is d.d, omnia obtinent aquae, Liv. : v. 1 o 
 inundate. II. Fig.: 1. Tnundi), 
 I : to 6e d.d with blood (of a battU-field). 
 sanguine inundarl, Liv. : the Cimbri 
 like a storm Juid d.d Italy, Cimbros 
 more procellae inundasse Italiam, Just. 
 2, obriio, iii, litum, j : to be d.d 
 with urine, vino obrui, Nep. : v. to bury, 
 OVERWHELM. Phr.: the stage was d.d 
 with blood, sanguine scena abundavit, 
 Sen. : to d. Italy (of the Gaulish hordes), 
 superfundere se Italiae, Plin. : that the 
 Spains nere d.d with arms, Hispanias 
 armis redundare, Tac. 
 
 delusion: I. -^ trick: fallacia, 
 captio. deceptio: v. deception. ||, 
 
 Hallucination : 1. insiinia : d/ith a sweet 
 d. play me false .- an me luUit ainabilis 
 ins. ? Hor. 2. error (mentis) : a nwst 
 delightful d., mentis gratissinius error, 
 
 Hor. : V. ILLUSION. 
 
 delusive: 1. vanus (empty).. 
 
 d. dreams, somnia v., Suet.: v. vaim'. 
 
 2. talsus: d. hopes, spes f., Cic. 
 
 3. lallax: Join (spes) falsa el 
 fallax, Cic. : v. deceitful. 4. luanis, 
 e : d. fancies, inanes cogiiationes, Cic: 
 
 V. EMPTY. 
 
 demagogism : *concionariae artes; 
 artes quibus allicitur plebecula; quibus 
 plebeculae favor concilialur. 
 
 demagogue: 1. concionator (a 
 speech-nuiker ; rare) : the uorthUssness 
 (or fickleness) of d.s, levitas con- 
 cionatorum, Cic. 2. plebicSla (one 
 uho pays court to the multitude) : 
 Join: plebicola omnisque popularis 
 aurae captator, Liv. : a d. of a tribune, 
 tribunus plebicola, Cic. Phr : the d.s 
 buckU to for the consulship, turbatores 
 vulgi ad consulatiira accingi, Liv. : to 
 play the d., allicere ad se plebem, Liv.: 
 
 v. SEDITIOUS, turbulent. 
 
 demand («•) : 1. postiiio, i (less 
 
 strong than the Eng., yet implying 
 some claim or right : v. to claim, beg) : 
 to come to Home to the Senate to d. as- 
 sistance, Romam ad Senatum venire 
 auxiliura postulatum, Caes. : you d. of 
 me two speeches, orationes duas me pos- 
 tulas, Cic : also foil, by ut and ne with 
 subj.: V. L. G. 5 451. 2. posco, p6- 
 posci, } (with still less of authority) : 
 to d.frotn any one a guardian, tutorem 
 ab aliquo p., !Suet. : uhen he had d.'d of 
 the authorities the keys of the gates, 
 claves portarum quum magistratus po- 
 poscisset, Liv.: v. TO beg. 3. Aa- 
 glto, I (to d. importunately, I'ehe- 
 mently) : to d. from any one pay, mer- 
 cedem ab aliquo fj., Cic. : they d.'d corn 
 of me (repeatedly), frumenium me fla- 
 gitabanl, Caes. : you d. of me that I 
 speak out, flagitas me ut eloquar, PI. : 
 he d.'d the exhibition of tlte picture, 
 flagltavit ostendi picturam, Plin. See 
 also TO request, ask, bp;g. Phr.: this 
 matter d.s method and attention, hac in 
 re habenda ratio et diligentia, Cic; to 
 live OS one's dignity d.s, vivere pro dig- 
 nitate, Nep. : to determine as one's dig- 
 nity d.s, statuere ex dignitate, Cic. : the 
 matter d.smuch consideration, res magni 
 consilii est, Cic. 
 
 demand (subs.) : 1. postiilatio ■ 
 if the d. seems to you fair and honour- 
 able, si vobis aequa et honesta p. vide- 
 tur, Cic. : to accede to a d., postulationi 
 concedere, Cic. : to resist a d., postula- 
 tioni resistere, Cic. : v. claim. 2. 
 postiilatum : not to satisfy (any one's) 
 d.s, Don fecere postulata, Nep. 3. p6- 
 titio: V. request. 4. flagitatio (ijTi- 
 portunate, vehement d.) : Cic. : Justin. ; 
 Tac. 5. rogiitus, rogatio : v. re- 
 quest. Ph r. : the d. he had made for 
 an interview; quod de coUoquio postu- 
 lasset, Caes.: the money is due on d., 
 praesenti die pecunia debetur, Ulp. : 
 good wares are aluxiys in d., proba merx 
 facile emptorem reperit, PI. ; a d. (of a 
 plaintiff), petitio, Cic; Ulp.: your d. 
 is just, I confess, jus petls (better in 
 prose, aequa petis), fateor, PI. 
 
 demandant: pfititor: v. plaintiff. 
 
 demander: postuiator, flagitator 
 
 (importunate); or expr. with impetf. 
 part, of verbs under demand (q. v.). 
 
 demarkation : chiefly in phr., lines 
 of demarkation : which may be expr. 
 by finis : there are certain lines of d. on 
 either side of ivhich, etc., sunt certi 
 fines, ultra citraque quos, etc., Hor. Or 
 by verb : ive must draw a clear line of 
 d, *diligenter fines descrlbendi sunt 
 inter, etc. ; diligenter definienda stmt 
 haec : v. boundary'. 
 
 demean: I. To deport (oneself ) : 
 gero, gessi, gestum ; to d. oneself royally, 
 g. se regem, Justin. : Cic. : v. to behave. 
 II. To lower (oneself): 1. dig- 
 nor, I : v. TO DEIGN. 2. demittft, 
 misi, missum, j (with pron. refl.): tod. 
 myself to those lesser matters, ad minora
 
 DEMEANOUR 
 
 DEN ART 
 
 DENSELY 
 
 Ula d. me. Quint. 3. submitto, j : 
 
 T. TO CONDKSCKNU. 
 
 demeanour: I pesms. us: a 
 
 most unassuming d., g. iiiodestissimus, 
 Quint. 2. mores, um, m. : v. be- 
 
 HAVIOUK 
 
 dementate ("■) = 1. mentem aii- 
 
 ciijiis alicno, i : esp. of the act of an 
 olfendfd cU-ity, Liv. : I'lin. : v. i)i> 
 MENTEU. 2. furiosum, insanum rcrl- 
 do, J : V. (to make) mad. (N.B. I>e- 
 mento, as in adage, queni deus vult jht- 
 dpre prius demental, is without class, 
 authority.) 
 der lentation : aiienata mens, ffiror : 
 
 V. MADNE-:a.S, INKATUATtON. 
 
 demented (part, adj.) -. mente cap- 
 tus (Cic. ), mentis inops. egens (Ov.), d§- 
 mens, f urlo^us ; cul mens alienata pst: 
 V. MAI), INFATUATED. P h r. : to become 
 d., memo alienari. Plln. 
 
 demerit: culpa, delirium : V. FAULT. 
 
 demesne : fundus, ager ; v. fj(Tate, 
 
 DOMAIN. 
 
 demigod : 1. semideus : both d.s 
 and gods, semideique deique, Ov. 2. 
 heros, ois: v hkro. 3. hemlthdus: 
 Mart. Capell. (Divus. the designation 
 of deified emperors, etc., may sometimes 
 be used: v. dkitv.) 
 
 demi-soddess : 1, semldea : Aus. 
 
 2. herois, idis: Ov. : Suet. (Also 
 sometimes, diva: v. preced. arL) 
 
 demise ("■) = I. ^^ '«««« •" li^co, i : 
 V. TO 1 et, lease. II, Tn leave by 
 will : lego, I ; V. TO bequeath. 
 
 demise (■'«'>«■)■■ I. />ea'A •• deces- 
 sus, obitiis: v. death. ||. Convey- 
 ance of property: 1, (by lease) lo- 
 calio : v. lease. 2. C'i' «"'0 expr. 
 by verb (lego) : v. to leave. 
 
 demi-tone : 1. semitonium : 
 
 Manil. 2. hcmitonium : Vitr. 
 
 democracy : 1. civitas popu- 
 
 laris : Cic. (further defined l\v him as, 
 in qua populo sunt onuiia, Kep. i, 26). 
 2, liber populu?: Cio, ib. ;2. 
 Phr. : in a d., qiium omnia per popu- 
 lum geruntur, Cic. ib. 2"; : the strength 
 of the d., pltbis vis. Sail 
 democrat: p^rh. pigbicoia: v. de- 
 
 mag(x;iik. More precisely, *qui om- 
 nia per popuhim geri vult; qui ei rei- 
 publicae favet, in qua populo potestas 
 summa sit; popularis potestatis fauior 
 (based on Cic): partium popularium 
 fautor (based on Sail.). 
 
 democratical: popularis. e: v. de- 
 mocracy. 
 
 democratically : *popuii volun- 
 
 tiite, per populum {e. g. administrari), 
 
 demolish ("■) : 1. demolior, 4 
 
 (demolio Varr.) : to d. a house, a wall, 
 domum, parieteni d., Cic. 2, diruo, 
 ui, utum, } : tnd.a citi/, urbem d., Cic. : 
 ke d.'s, he hnilils, diruit, aedificat, Hor. 
 
 3. proruo, ai, utum, j (implying 
 violeme, assault) : to d. fortifications, 
 munltiones pr., Caes. 4. disjicio, 
 jeci, Jectum, { (to disintegrate, viotfntly 
 disunite) : he utterly d.'d the citadel, a 
 fundameniis arcem disjecit, Nep. 5. 
 confkio, deleo: v. to-destrov. 6. 
 cverto, J : V. TO overtuuk, pull 
 
 DOWN, 
 
 demolisher : 1. demolltor : a 
 machine (lalled) the d., corvus d., Vitr. 
 2. ever^or: v. df,strovi:r. 
 
 demolition : 1. demolltlo (rare) : 
 Cic: Vitr 2. destructio (rare): 
 
 some cities he punished by the d nf their 
 waUi, civitatcs quasdam murorum de- 
 structiune punivit. Suet. : v. destruc- 
 tion. 
 
 demon: 1. daemon, onis, in.: 
 Lact. : Tert. 2. daemoniuni : Pert. 
 3, gpnius (strictly, a tutelary spirit) : 
 Ten. : Lact. 
 
 demoniac (.subs.) -. daemonlacus : 
 Firm. 
 
 demoniacal : I. L i t- : pertain- 
 ing to demons : 1, daemuniacus : 
 l^act. 2. daemOnicus : I'ert. ||, 
 K i g. ■ of wickedness worse than human : 
 iiSfandus, exsecrandus : v. EXEcitABLE. 
 
 demonstrable: demonstriibilis, e: 
 Apul. (Usu. better expr. with rvrb: 
 qDOd demoDstrarl potest: r. foil, art.) 
 
 demonstrably: I'lir. : that is d. 
 false, *possunt ista tirmisslnia ratione 
 refelli : v. to prove, disprove. (Not 
 probabiliter : v. pebsuasivelv.) 
 
 demonstrate : I, Strictiv, to 
 prove by I'jgical d-'monstration : demon- 
 stro, I : the usual word in scientific 
 Latin: v. to prove, show, i-oint out. 
 II, In gen. sense; tn jrrove: vinc<j, 
 evinco, doceo, firmo, contirmo : v. to 
 prove. 
 
 demonstration : I, /'roo/ 61/ 
 
 logical re/isimmg: *demonstratio : tlie 
 regular word in scienlific I.At!n. (Not 
 so used in class, writers.) See also 
 proof, evidence. II, Manifestation, 
 display : i\. v. 
 
 demonstrative : i.e-ofttw. nature 
 of demonstration (v. preced. art.) : *de- 
 monstrativus (only in scient. Lat.): the 
 sense is different in cla.ss. authors. Or 
 by circuml. : to prove by d. arguments, 
 *ccrtissiniis argumentis contirmare : v 
 
 PBO<JK. 
 
 demonstratively : *dem(mstrative 
 
 (as logical 1. 1.) : in gen. sense, to show 
 d., firmis argumentis docere : v. to 
 prove, 
 
 demoralization: I. of morals: 
 
 deprilvalio (rnorum) : Cic. : v. cokrup- 
 tion. II, Of discipline, in an army: 
 Phr.: an army in a state of d., exer- 
 citus sine imperio et niodestla habitus, 
 Sail. Jug. J4 ; malls moribus depra- 
 vatus, cf. Sail, 1, c. ; nimis libenditir 
 habitus, cf. Sail. Cat. 11 : the d. of 
 the army icas complete, *apud exer- 
 ciium prorsus remissa omnia ac laxa 
 erant; nihil Justi ac bene morati e.xer- 
 ciius ( rat. 
 
 demoralize : I, Morally .- (mores) 
 deprave, i : v. to corrupt. ||, Of 
 discipline : Phr.: soldiers d.d by de- 
 feat, milites re mala gesta percuisi, 
 Liv. ; quibus animi clade accepta ce- 
 ciderunt (based on Liv.): an army d.'d 
 by quarrelling and frays, (exercilus in 
 quo) corrupta jurpiis ant rixisdisciplina, 
 Tac : v. preced, art. (IL). 
 
 demulcent («''/)■• 'ems, e: to use 
 poisons so d. that ire m,ight, apjmrrntUi, 
 die without pain, ita lenibus venenis uti, 
 ut posse videroniur sine dolore perire, 
 Cic: V. sooTHiNc, relieving. 
 
 demulcent (subs.) : 1, lenimen, 
 inis; leninientum : Hor,: Plin. 2, 
 fomentuni : v. relief. 
 
 demur (>•-) •■ I, In law : exclpio, 
 cepi, ceptuin, ? : to d. to any one's plea, 
 adversus aliquem ex., I>ig. : see also de- 
 JIUKRER. II. Generally : to /lause, 
 
 hesitate: haereo, haesito, demOror : v. 
 to delay, hp:sitate, Phr,: to d. to, 
 rCciiso, i : v. object to, decline, 
 
 demur (suUs.) .- m6ra : v, stop, 
 palse. 
 
 demure : perh. tristis, subtristis, 
 vcrccuiidus : v, crave, modest. In 
 bad or dubious sense : *in trlstitiam ac 
 verecundiam compositus. 
 
 demurely : expr. with adj. (L. a. 
 
 ^ 54?) : she ^rill mingle d nitli the 
 .•<atijrs, intererit Satyns paulum pudi- 
 bimda, Hor. A. P. 2}; : v. modestlv, 
 gkavelt. 
 demureness: *vultus pudibundus, 
 
 in verecundiam compositus, tristitia : v. 
 
 MODE.^Tl", GRAVITY. 
 
 demurrer (in ia«): 1. prae- 
 
 scriptio: Quint,: .Julian, Dig. 2. 
 
 except io: Dig. Phr.: to put in a d., 
 excipere. Dig. (v. to dkmur). 
 
 den : 1. spCcus, us, m. and n. ; 
 also, spelunca, /. ; a huge d. (of Cacus), 
 ingcns specus, Virg. : Ov. : v. cavern. 
 
 2. latibulimi (a /iic/inp-p'<we ; asn/' 
 beasts) : wild beasts hule themselres in 
 d.s, ferae se latibulis tegunt, Cic: v. 
 lair. 3. liitebra (nsu. pi. ; and In 
 Ibis sense chiefly poet.) : d.s of v-ild 
 beasts, latebrae ferarum. Ov. : Virg. 
 
 4, antrum (chiefly poet.): v. ca- 
 vern. 5- lustra, orum (poet, in this 
 sense): d.s of wild l>easts, lustra fera- 
 rum, Virg. In prose, 6g.; da qf in- 
 famy, Cic. : v. brothel. 
 
 denary (a^J-) •■ denarius : Vitr. : 
 , Plin. 
 
 deniable : inf itiandus (not to \M 
 used attributively) : Nep. : v. Dtjrr. 
 
 denial: 1. nfgaiio: Cic 2. 
 
 infiiiatio; d. of a drpusit (or debt), de- 
 poMti in.. Dig. 3. ri-(iuiliatio (rgae- 
 tion, refusal) : d. if suppliants. Buppli- 
 cum r., Cic. 4. rCpulsa (tig. v. ws- 
 JECTION): thou wilt meet with no d., 
 nullam patiere r., Ov. 5. reniitus, 
 rficilsatio : v. REFUSAL. And for syn., 
 conip. to deny. Phr.: to girt any on* 
 a Jlat d., praecipe alicui negare, Cic: 
 seif -denial, sui abnegatio (.') : v. TO 
 DENY (IV.). 
 
 denier: (one who denies) : L n6- 
 gator: Tert. 2. infltiaUjr(o/d«6/*)r 
 Cic: Sen. 3. rCpOdiator (one who 
 rejects) : Tert 4. expr. by i>art. : 
 
 to refute the denier of the gods, Meo* 
 iiegantem refellere: see L. (J. } 6j8; v. 
 
 TO DENY. 
 
 denier (a coin): denarius: v. pennt. 
 
 denizen : I, -^ citizen not a na- 
 tive : 1, advgna, c. (opp. Ui indl- 
 ggna) : Cic: Virg. 2. hosfies, Uis; 
 
 /. hospila : V. STRANGER. II. A 
 
 dweller in : incOla, c. : v. inhabitant. 
 
 denominate: denomino, nOmino, I : 
 
 V. TO NAME, lit>l<;NATE. 
 
 denomination : I. Appellation .• 
 
 noniinatlo, iiomen : v. name. ||. 
 
 .s'eoi or school : secta : the Stoic d., Sloica 
 8., Tac : V. SECT. 
 
 denominational : *quod ad sectam 
 aliquam disciplinanique perilnet; or gen. 
 of secta: v. .sect. 
 
 denominator ('>•" a fraction) : perh. 
 *numeni> deiiominativus. 
 denotation: denotallo: Quint, 
 denote : I. ^ imply, indicate : 
 
 I. indico, I : v. indicate. 2. 
 significo, i : v. signify. 3. decliiro. 
 I : to d. the same thing (of words), idem 
 d., Cic. (Not denoto in this sense.) 
 
 II, To mark or note : n6t», I : v. to 
 
 NOTE. 
 
 denouement (of a piece): L 
 exitus, us: the d. if a play, a farce, fa 
 bulao, mimi ex., Cic. 2. clausula : 
 not to be able to hit upon a d., c. non 
 invenire, Cic. CJool. 27, 5?. 3, cala- 
 strCphe (KaTa<rTpo(|)^) : I'etr. 
 
 denounce : I. '^o declare so- 
 
 lemnly. 1. denuntio, 1 (with ace. 
 
 and dat.) : to d. terrors against any one, 
 terrores alicui d., Cic 2. indico, xi, 
 ctum, i (same constr.) : v. to declare. 
 II, To inform of or against : L 
 def?ro, tuli, "latum, 5 (usu. loll, by no- 
 men) to d. a person to any one as a 
 parricide, nomen aliciijus alicui de par- 
 ricidio d., also with ace. of person : to d. 
 any one for treason, aliquem majesta- 
 tis d., Tac. : to be induced by a reward 
 to d. criminals, ad reos deferendos prac- 
 mio duel. Quint. : with ace. of the 
 crime : he d.d the matter to the consuls, 
 rem (conjuralionem) ad consules detu- 
 lit, Liv. 2. nuntio, i, I'apin. dig.: 
 
 Ulp. : V. TO INFORM AGAINST, ACCUSE. 
 
 denouncement : ^j denunciatigs. 
 
 denouncer : accisator, delator, In- 
 dex V. accuser, informer. 
 
 dense: I. Lit.: 1. densos 
 (of particles cronded together): a d. 
 atmosphere, d. aer, Hor.: a d. avud, d. 
 (humeris) vulgus. Id. : c d. <c<>od, d. 
 silva, Cic. Also, condensus (stronger 
 than densus : thick together) : Liv, : 
 Lucr. 2, confertus (thickly cro"ded 
 together): d. array, c aclcs, confertls- 
 sima acles, Liv. : Sail. : to stand in more 
 d. array, conferliores stare, Liv. 3. 
 crassus (of Utick texture): v. THICK. 
 4, cri'l)er, bra, bnim : very d. 
 (crmvded) buildings, creberrima aedlfl- 
 cia, Caes. : a d. willoivbed. c salictum, 
 PI. 5. splssus (like crassus): v. 
 
 THICK, Phr.: in d. array, amlertlm 
 (e.g.) pugnare, Liv. See also cruwded. 
 II, Fig.: as applied to extreme 
 stupidity: stupor: ct. Cic. ITiil. 2, 12, 
 io. (Crassus, as applied to the mind, 
 signifies wanting in subtlety or refine- 
 ment : cf. Hor. crassa Minerva, SaL 
 
 2. 2, J) 
 
 densely: dense, confertlm. crebroj 
 
 V. THICKLY. 
 
 »95
 
 O ENS IT Y 
 
 DEPARTMENT 
 
 DEPENDENCE 
 
 density : densitas, crassltudo, etc. ; 
 V. THICKNESS. (N.B. The natural lieri' 
 lity of the air, is densitas aeris ; crajssi- 
 tudo aeris, in Cic, is, unusual thickness 
 or density of the atmosphere.) 
 
 dent : 1. ^otn (any mark : q.v.) : 
 cf. Hor. Od. I, li, 12. 2. vestigium : 
 cf. Cic. Verr. 2, j, J4. 79: v. trace. 
 
 3. crenae, arum : v. notch. 
 
 dent ("•) •• (?) cavo, I : V. TO INDENT. 
 
 dental (adj.): |. Belvnging to 
 
 the tooth (med.) ; gen- of dens : as, d. 
 surgery, *denlium medicina, curatio. 
 (Dentairius, in Apul.) ||. In gram- 
 mar ; epith. of a class of coJisonaiits : 
 *dentalis, e. 
 
 dental (subs.) : *dentalis litera. 
 
 dentated: dentatus; Plin. : V. IN- 
 DENIED. 
 
 denticle (<^ small tooth) .- denticii- 
 lus : Pallad. : v. TOOTH. 
 
 denticulated: 1. denticuiatus : 
 Plin. 2. serraius (edged like a saw) ; 
 Plin. 
 
 dentifrice: dentlfrlcium: Plin. 
 
 dentil (architectural ornament) : 
 deniicuhis: Vitr. 
 
 dentist: *dentium medicus. 
 
 dentistry : *dentiuni medicina, ars 
 medica. 
 
 dentition: dentitio: Plin. Phr.: 
 to aid slow d. of children, pueros tarde 
 dentientes adjuvare, Plin. 
 
 denudate < 1. denude, nudo, I : 
 
 denude < Cic. : v. to strip. 2. 
 deteso. retego : v. to uncoa-er. 
 
 denudation: nudaiio: Plin. 
 
 denunciation: 1. denuntiatio: 
 
 d. of war, belli d., Cic. 2, accusatio 
 (accusation) : Cic. 3. delalio {accu- 
 sation by an informer) : Cic. : Tac. 
 
 4. indicium (evidence by an in- 
 former) : V. EVIDENCE, INFORMATION. 
 
 5. comminatio, minae : i. e. menace, 
 threat : q. v. 
 
 deny : I. ^o ^o^y t^t a thing is 
 not so: 1. nggo, foil, by ace. and 
 infin. : Cic. : Ter. : to d.a person (=say 
 "not at home'), n. aliquem. Mart. Also 
 in pass. : my chastity is d.'d, casta ne- 
 gor, Ov. 2. infltioi, i (usu. = to dis- 
 own; to deny a cluirge made against 
 one) : Cic. : it cannot be d.'d, non est 
 infitiandum, Nep. 3. (i" same sense), 
 inf itias eo, 4, in-, (not in Cic.) : nw do 
 I d. that, etc., neque iufltias eo (with 
 ace. and in/.), Liv. : Nep. : ichich no- 
 body would d., quod nemo infitias eat, 
 Nep. 4. abnuo, i, iitum, j (rare in 
 this sense) : nor is it d.'d that it was so, 
 nee abnuitur ita tuisse, Liv. 5. re- 
 nuo, i, J (like abnuo, strictly to express 
 denial by a gesture of the head : same 
 coustr.) : Join: renuit negitatque, 
 Hor.: Ov. ||. To disown: 1, in- 
 fitior, I (opp. to confiteor, Cic): foil, 
 by ace. of ncut. pron., or absol., Cic. : 
 also with ace. of subs. .- to d. knowledge 
 of any one. notitlam alicujiis inf., Ov.: 
 Cic: V. TODi.sowN. 2- renuo, ; (with 
 dat.) : to d. a charge with fron ning 
 louk, siiperciliis ciiniini r., Cic. 3. 
 abnegu, i (rare) : to d. a trust, deposi- 
 turn ab., I'lm. Ep. 4. rgnuntio, 1 
 
 (wilhdut): V. TO KKNOUNCE |1|. ^O 
 
 refuse something asked for ; 1. nggo, 
 I (foil, by aec. of neut. pron.. anii poet, 
 by ace. ol subs.) .- to d. anyliody a thing 
 positively, aliquid alicui praecise n., Cic. ; 
 obstiimttly, obstinate, Caes. : tod. nour- 
 ishment to the wretched, altmeuta mi- 
 serls n., Ov. : Tac. 2. denego, 1 
 
 (with ace. of subs.): tod. an honour to 
 an intimate friend, hunorem homini 
 amicissiuio d., Cic. : to d. a request, quod 
 quisorat, d.,Ter. 3. abnuo, j (consir. 
 sime as nego : Cic : rarely foil, by de) : 
 the senate dared not d. hint in anything, 
 heque illi senatus de ullo negotio ab. 
 audebat. Sail. | V. 1'" acercise denial 
 (towards oneselO: 1. tempfiro, i 
 
 (with pron. refi.) : v. TO control (one- 
 self), REFRAiji. 2. denego, I (with 
 dat. of prnn. refl.) ; to d. oneself all 
 pleasures, sibi omnia quae jucunda vi- 
 dentur d., cl. Cic Verr. 2, 5. 14. J5- 3. 
 abnego, l (with ace. : late, but the best 
 word for rel igiuus sense) : d. thyself, 
 1 96 
 
 take up tliy cross, abnega teipsuui, loUe 
 crucem tuam, Vulg. : a Kempis. 1* b r. : 
 self-denying, ^ui (slbi, Hor.) imperiosus, 
 Plin. : to d. oneself enjoyments, volup- 
 taies spernere, repudiare : v. to reject. 
 
 deodand : nearest word, sacer, era, 
 crum: cf. Liv. j, 55: "qui nocuisset 
 . . . ejus caput Jovj sacrum esset." 
 
 depart: I. '-it.: to go from a 
 place : 1. abeo, ivi and ii, itum, 4, 
 iJT. (gen. term to go away from) : the 
 pestilence has d.'d from the plaee, de 
 loco abiit pestilentia, Cic. : to d. from 
 any one's house, ab aliqiio ab., Ter.: 
 very often absol., he tias d.'d, abiit, Cic. 
 2. exeo, 4, irr. (to go out of, forth 
 from) : to d.from the city, ex. ex urbe, 
 Cic. : V. to quit. 3. discedo, cessi, 
 cessum, j (to leave a person or place) : 
 foil, by de, ex, Cic. : v. to leave, quit. 
 (Not d«cedo, unless the departure be 
 atmpulsory or according to law: as, 
 decedere de provincia. of a retiring go- 
 vernor, Cic.) 4. ab.'5cedo, } : v. to 
 withdraw. 5. excedo, j (implying 
 that a person has been within certain 
 boundaries) : when he (Catiline) had 
 d.'d (gone forth from the heart of the 
 city), cum exce.ssisset, Cic. 6. cedo, 
 
 J : V. TO WITHDRAW, RETIRE. 7. *!'■ 
 
 gredior, gressus, j {to part from : q. v.) : 
 to d. frrmi home, dunio d., Sail. : Caes. 
 
 8. tnigro, 1 (to d. in order to dwell 
 elsei'here) : the very rats have d.'d (from 
 a ruined place), etiam mures migrave- 
 runt, Cic. : v. TO remove. 9. de- 
 mlgro, I (like migro: but more freq): 
 [on the arrival of the enemy] all d.'d 
 from the country to the city, quisque in 
 iirbem ex agris d., Liv. : to d.from their 
 touns, oppidis d., Caes. : to d. hence 
 (from this sphere of existence), bine d., 
 Cic. 10. emigre, i (^demigro; but 
 rare) : Cic 11, prof iciscor, fectus, } 
 {on a journey) : v. to set out, start. 
 
 12. f acesso, cessi, Itum, i (implying 
 speed or hurry): d.hena. to Tarquinii, 
 tacessehinc I'arquinios! Liv. : tod. with 
 speed from the city, propere urbe f., 
 Liv.- Cw. II. Fig.: chiefly in phr., 
 to d. this life, e vita discedere, migrare, 
 emigrare, cedere, decedere ; e or e.x vita 
 demigrare, exire, abire ; ^x vita disced- 
 ere tanquam ex hospitio, Cic. : also 
 simply, decedere, Cic. ; excedere. Suet. : 
 V. to die. To d. from, justice, ab jure 
 abire, Cic. : to d. from truth, a verilate 
 desciscere, Cic. : to d. a single inch from 
 a ride, a regula transversum, ut aiuni, 
 digitum discedere, Cic. : v. to deviate. 
 To depart from a plan, consilium omit- 
 tere : v. abandon. 
 departed (part, adj.) .- l. e. deadj 
 
 1. monuu; : v. de.\d. 2. de- 
 functus (strictly, d. vita) : to forget the 
 d., delunctorum obllviscl, Plin. Ep. 
 
 3. (In the case of a deceased Ho- 
 man eniptrm ) ; divus (= deified) : Tac. 
 
 4, manes, ium, m. (always pi.): 
 
 V. SHADE.-;. 
 
 departure: j. Lit.: from a 
 place : 1. al'itus, its : Ter. : Cic. 
 
 2. abitio (rare); Ter. 3. dis- 
 cessus, lis (frequent) : your d. distressed 
 me, d tuus afflixit (me^, Cic: d. from 
 the city, ab urbe d., id. : the d. of am- 
 bassculois (after audience), d. legatorum, 
 Caes. 4. discessio (rare in this sense) : 
 V. division, separation. 5, pr6fec- 
 tio {on a journey or errand) : d. and 
 return, p. et reversio, Cic. : Caes. g. 
 exitns, us (rare in this sense) : Cic. 7. 
 difp-essio, digressus : v. parting. g. 
 Phr.: to take one's ti., proficisci (v. to 
 SET out), migrare, demigrare (see ve)b, 
 L, 8) : to hasten ones d., iter maturare, 
 Caes. : to make preparations for d., iter 
 comparare (parare), Nep. ||. Fig.: 
 from Ife : discessus, Obitus, etc. : v. 
 DEATH, decease: "the time of my d.," 
 tempus resolutionis raeae, II. Tim. iv. 
 6 : to lake one's d., migro, elc. : see 
 subs. (II.) 
 
 department: I. ^ district: no 
 
 exact word : perh., dioecesis, is, f. : 
 Cic. : " dioecesis dicitur portio quaedam 
 provinciae, cujus administratio et Juris- 
 dictio propraetor! permissa esu Latine 
 
 dici juTiedictio et praefectura dici po- 
 test," t'orcell. s. V. (Rigio, pars, are 
 tfio vague. Sometimes pagus may do ; 
 used by Caes. of the Helvetii, B. (i. i, 
 12.) II. Kranch of Otiministiation: 
 
 I, provincia (as appointed to a ma- 
 gistrate of Home): {the praetor) whnse 
 d. (or province) teas the Jleet, cui pri.- 
 vincia classis erat, Liv. 42, 48 ; ct. id. 
 ^7, 2. adfm.. L. Aemilius, cui pr. ma- 
 ritima eKat, (But the word is not used 
 ot a department of ojjice abstractly con- 
 sidered.) Provincia is also used in more 
 general sense : v. rRO\ inck (fig.) 2. 
 miinus, eris, n. : v. office, function. 
 
 3. administratio: to be distin- 
 guished in every d. of state, florere in 
 omni ad. reipublicae, Cic. 4. curaiio: 
 v. CARE, CHARGE. 5. mlnistgrium : • 
 in the conduct of his d. of service, ad 
 curationem m. sui, Liv. |||. Branch, 
 division : \. genus, 6ris, n. : to la- 
 bour in every d. (if study), '\n universii 
 g. elaborare, Cic; to leace that one d. of 
 study only to the orator, id unum g. 
 oratori relinqutre, id. 2. res, rgi, f. 
 (when the department has bei-n before 
 described): v. object. 
 
 depend: I. Lit.: tohangdmcn: 
 dependeo, pendeo, 2 : v. to hang down. 
 
 II. Fig.; to be dependent upon: 
 1. pendeo, pCpendi, 2 : that on your 
 
 single life d. the lives of all, ex unius 
 tua vitam p. omnium, Cic. ; also with 
 in and abl. : Cic. : with de and abl., 
 Hor. : with abl. only (poet.) : forgetful 
 that on thine d.s our safety, oblitus tua 
 nostram p. salutem, Sil. 2. nitor, 
 nisus and nixus, j (to be supported by 
 something: with abl. aiotie or with 
 prep, in) : to d. on the aid if another, ii. 
 alierius ope, Cic. : to d- on {support one- 
 self by) an abundance of illustrations, 
 copia exemplorum n., Cic: to d. on 
 truth, on leport, veritate, fama n., Oic ; 
 on uluise life the safely of the state d.'d, 
 in cujus vita nitebatur salus reipublicae, 
 Cic. ; Caes. : absol., on u hat will you d., 
 ubi nitere.' Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 64, 155. 3. 
 innitor. j (i.q. nitor, and with same 
 constr.) : Tac. See also dependent, to 
 BE. 4. consisto, stitl, stitiim, j (to 
 be involved in, contained in, bound up 
 with: with in and abl.): on this the 
 whole case d.s, in hoc c;iu>a tota c, Cic: 
 {the things) in which a tiuly happy lifi 
 d.s, ill quibus vita beata c, Cic. ji 
 consio, sllti, staium, i (= consisto; 
 same constr.) : victory d.s upon the 
 courage of those cohorts, victoria in ea- 
 rum cohoriium virtute c, Caes. ; every 
 right d.s either upon prescription or cus- 
 toms, omnejus aut scripio aut moribu? 
 c, (juiiit. 6. potior, pOsitus, ; (to 
 be placed upon, rest in : with in and 
 abl.) : it d.s on you. in te positum est, 
 Cic. 7. contineor, tpntiis. 2: v. to 
 BIND UP (III.) 8. vertor, versus, j 
 (with in and abl.) : v. to turn upon. 
 Phr.: these things do not depend upon 
 us, haec non sunt in nostr.i manu, Cic : 
 as far as d s upon me, pro virili parte, 
 Cic; everything d.s upon that, omnia 
 sunt in eo, Cic; as much as d.s on 
 them, quantum in illis est, Liv. : v. 
 powEB(Phr.): ive d. upon (lodfor all 
 things, *cuncta Deo debemus; divini 
 muneris sunt omnia quibus fruimur 
 (based on Hor.): v. indeiited. to be. 
 III. To rely on; 1. niior, j: v. 
 supr- (2). 2. fido, confido, fisus (usu. 
 with dat. ; also with abl.) : v. to trust, 
 RKi Y ON. Phr.: d. upon it. mihi 
 crede ! procul dubio ! v. undoubtedly : 
 that may be d.'d on, credibilis, gravis : 
 
 v. CREDIBLE. TRUSTWORTHY, RELIABLE. 
 
 dependence: |. a. -tate of inferio- 
 rity or subjection : 1. ser\Itiis, utis; 
 V. Bi>XDAGE, suBjEt.TlON. 2. cHentela 
 (strictly if the Homan client to his 
 patron) ; to be in a state of d. on ani, 
 one, esse in fide et c. alicujus. Cic. : to 
 devote oneself to d. on any one, dicare 
 se alicui in c, Caes. Phr.: nations in 
 a state of friendship with, and d. upon 
 the people of Himie, nationes quae in 
 amicitiam P. R. diiioiiemque essent, 
 Cic: simly., in alicujus potestate *i
 
 DEPENDENCY 
 
 DEPOSE 
 
 DEPRECATE 
 
 diUone, Cic. (v. poweb, control) : to be 
 in a state of d. upon any one, alteri 
 parere el servire, Cic. : (v. denoted, to 
 be) ; arbitrio suo carere, Cic. ; alieni ar- 
 bltrll esse. Suet, ; alieni obiio.\iuin esse, 
 vlvere obedlenieiii ulicui : v. dei-knd- 
 ENT. II, Melianc, : fides, llducia : 
 
 V. confidence, reliance. Phr. : to 
 pUue d. on any (me, alicui fiderc, con- 
 fidere: v. to TitcsT. |||, Ctmnexum : 
 connexio, conjunciio : v. ojnnexion. 
 IV, Cuncrele : that wkkh is in a 
 state iif inferiority or subjection : ac- 
 cessio, appLiidix: v. ai'pendage. 
 dependency : i. e. a sut/ject stale -. v. 
 
 SUBJECT. I'hr. : Gaul br-came a d. of 
 the Roman empire, (jalll sub P. K. ini- 
 periuni ditiiMiemque ceciderunt, Cic. : 
 the d.s of Aiititielius. qui sub Anlinchi 
 imperio nunt, 1-iv. (v. pfjwEu) : all the 
 d.s of the Roman people, *uiniies gentes 
 atque civitates quae pupulo K. parebaiil : 
 to govern your country or its ds, regere 
 patrjam aut parentes. Sail. 
 
 dependent (("'j)- 1. obno.\ius 
 
 (beltoliOii to, under tlie influence of: 
 with dat.) : d. on her brother's rays (of 
 the moon), ob. frat,^is radlLs VIrg. d, 
 on jeirellery (for beauiy), gemmis ob., 
 Prop.: d. on anyone, alicui ob.. Sail.: 
 mj^liant and d., supplex et ob., Cic. 
 2. iJbediens, ntis (with dat ); Sail. : 
 V. SUBMISSIVE, obedient. 3, sub" 
 jectus: V. suK,iECT. Phr.: to bed. on: 
 (1). servlo. 4 (with ctat.) ; Join: alien 
 parere el servire, Cic. : v. devoted, to 
 BE. (2). pareo, 2 (with dat): Join: 
 parere et obedientem esse (alicui), Cic: 
 V. OBEY. (3). pendeo, pgppiidi, pensum, 
 Z (to be a Itanger on : with prep.) : the 
 friend that is d. on you, pendens de te 
 amicus, Hor. (4). iiuligeo, 2 (to need : 
 q. V.) : to be d. on the assistance of others, 
 allenarum opum ind , Nep. 
 
 dependent (subs.) .- l. citens, 
 
 ntis, c. (stricll}', a client at Rome) ; old 
 and faithful d.s, fidi vetcresque cl.. 
 Sail. : Caes. : v. client. 2. assecla, 
 
 mi. (often in bad sense) : flatterers and 
 d.s, assentatores a.i|ue, Cic. 3. umbra 
 (a humblr. guest, brought by a great 
 man) -. Hor. P h r. : a body of d.s, cli- 
 entSIa ; in this sense, usu. pi. : Caes. : 
 SalL 
 
 depict: I. with the pencil : 1. 
 pingo, depingo, nxi, ctuni, j : v. to 
 pafnt. 2. iniitor, i : tod. the beauty 
 of the Coan Venus, Coae Veneris pul- 
 chritudinem im., Cic. 3. pono, pOsui, 
 p6situm, J (to place or represent): that 
 his figure should be d.'d foremost, ul 
 prima ejus imago poneretur, Nep. (cf. 
 Hor. A. P. J4). 4 effingo, nxi, ctum, 
 }: to d. the catastrophe m gold, casus 
 ef. auro, Virg. : to d. a countenance, line- 
 amenta oris ef.. Cic. 5. rcpraeseiito, 
 I: Plin. : v. TO represent. I'hr.: to 
 d. a cypress tree, cupressum simnlare, 
 Hor. ; to d. a dotphin in the voots, 
 delphinum appingere silvis, Hor. ||, 
 In icords: 1. describo, psi, piiim, j : 
 to d. a rainbow, pluviuni arrnm d , 
 Hor. : V. to DhscRiBE. 2. depingo, 
 i: more precisely, sermone d"pingere, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 29. 3. exprlr^o, press!, 
 pres,sum, j (to represent exactly): tod. 
 t/te portrait of a brave man, iniaginem 
 lortlssimi viri ex., Cic. : to d. ( ha- 
 rybdis fiom imagination, Charybdini 
 Jingeiiilo p\., Cic. Join: exprimere et 
 polire (efTigii-ni), Cic. v. TO di-:scribe. 
 
 BEPRESF'NT. 
 
 depilate (''• '■) ■■ degi.ibro, i : Lact. 
 
 depilation: expr. with t«)6; they 
 practised d., capillos vellere solebaiit 
 (cf. Suet. Caes. 45) : or perh., *capil- 
 lorum defluviuni arte fare re : v. fall- 
 ing (OFF). The verb deglabro (to fn-e 
 from hairs) occurs in this sense only tn 
 p. part., deglabraium (corpus). I.,act. 
 
 depilatory (adj.) : *psihilhri na- 
 turam habcus : ad pilos eradlcandos, 
 exsecandos, detrahendos aptus : v. foil. 
 art 
 
 depilatory (sw6«.) : 1. psilothnmi: 
 
 to compound a d., p. confic«:re, Plin. ?2, 
 
 10, 4T : to use as a d., pro p. uti, Plin. 
 
 2. dropax, iicis, m. : you make your 
 
 face smooth and bald ■with dj, psilothro 
 facieni levas et dropace calvam. Marl. 
 5,";4. Phr.: (to lise) a« a d , *ad capil- 
 loruui defluvia facienda : to apply a d. 
 to any one, dropacare, Octav. Hor. In 
 Forcell. 
 
 depilous: depilis.dcpilaliis; capillis 
 careiis v. bald, hairless. 
 
 depletion : sanguinis detraclio, mis- 
 sio : T. ISUIOD-LEITING. P h r. : to use 
 d., suiiguiiiem deplere, Plin. 
 
 depletory (adj.) ; ad sanguinem 
 detraiii-iiduni aptus (?) 
 
 deplorable : nii.-iSrabilis, luctnOsus, 
 flebllis, lugiiidus, plorabilis (not de- 
 plor.), etc.: V. LAMENTABLE. Phr.: 
 no one was ever in so d. a condition, 
 nemo unquain tanta calamitale (full) 
 affecius.Cic. : in a most d.cotidition, in- 
 crcililiili PI siiigulari calamitale affllcius ; 
 perdiiU!~ aftliciu>que, Cic. 
 
 deplorableness : Phr.: notwith- 
 standing the d. of my condition, 'etsl 
 res meae adeo afflictae perdilaeque sint; 
 in taiilis ineis mlseriis iiifortuniisque : 
 v. prwed. art. (Jin.). 
 
 deplorably : misfire, mlsiSrilbtliter, 
 miseranduni in modum, Cic. ; v. miser- 
 ably. 
 
 deplore : 1. misSror, I : to d. 
 any one's misfortune, fortunam alicujus 
 m., Cic. : Caes. 2. deploro, i (strictly, 
 to uail loudly over): Cic: Liv. : v. to 
 BEWAIL. 3. defleo, flevi, fletum, 2 
 (^deploro): Cic: see also TO LAMENT. 
 
 deploy : milit. t. t. : 1, explico, 
 avi and ui, alum and itum, 1 (with 
 pron. refl., or as pass.) : the cavalry 
 began to d. by troops, equiies se tumia- 
 lini ex. coeperant, Caes. : also, explicare 
 ordines, Liv. 2. expedio, 4 (to get 
 troops in readiness for engagement) : 
 Caes. Phr.: vith line of battle fully 
 d.'d, acie aperta, Liv. j8, 41. 
 
 deplumed : deplumis, e : Plin. 
 
 deponent (subs.): index, testis: v. 
 
 ■niTN: SS, INFORMANT. 
 
 deponent ("dj) ■• trram. t. t. : de- 
 poncns, nils : with verbum : Charis. : 
 biom. 
 
 depopulate : 1. vacuCfacio, feci, 
 etc. J (rare in this sense) : he d.d the 
 island of Sci/rus, Scyrum \acuefeclt, 
 which is Immediately explained, " .««- 
 sores veteres urbe insulaque ejecit," 
 Nep. Cim. ;. 2. vasto, i : more pre- 
 cisely, civibus fines v., Hirt. ; culloribus 
 v., Virg. (Li-ss freq. are devasto, per- 
 va.sto, intens.) 3. dcsolo, i : v. to 
 DF.SOLATE. 4. popflliir, dcpopulor, I 
 (to lay uaste a country u-ilh fire and 
 si'ord) : V. TO ravage, waste (lav). 
 Phr.: the city uas being d.d by death, 
 urbs funeribus exhauriebalur, I.iv. : to 
 prevent the country from being d.d, *nii 
 regio ilia vacua foret incolis. 
 
 depopulated (part, adj.): vastus, 
 incolis nudalus: v. waste, uninhabited. 
 
 depopulation: I. A s oc< : vasta- 
 lio: v. devastation. (But usu. better 
 expr. with verb : after the d. of the 
 island, quum incolae insulae ejecti 
 essent ■ v. to depopulate.) ||, As 
 stale : vastltas : Cic. : v. devastation, 
 desolation. 
 
 depopulator : vastator, pOpiilator : 
 v. ravager. 
 
 deoort : I. To banish to an Lsland : 
 
 i dpportJi, I : either with or without in 
 
 insulam : Tac. ||. To conduct oneself, 
 
 behave: gero. j (with pron. refl.): v. 
 
 TO REHAVE, 
 
 deportation: dcportatio (in insu- 
 lam): L'Ip. 
 deportment : gestus, h&bltus : v. 
 
 BFHAVIOt R. 
 
 depose : I. To remove from a high 
 office : 1. abrogo, I (with ate of office, 
 ajid dat. of person) to d. a colleague, 
 collcgae magislratum, imperium ab., 
 Cic. (Abroco implies a formal motion 
 for depositioti .) 2. moveo, movi, 
 
 moiuni, 2 (witti cur. and abl.) : to d. 
 from the senate (as done by the Censor.^), 
 senatu, senatorio loco in., Liv. Simly.. the 
 comps., summoveo, removeo, amoveo : 
 a-s, [tribunum plebis] adminislratione 
 reipublicae summovere, Suet. ; [con- 
 
 sulem] a republica removere. Caes. ; 
 fquaestorem] a sua frumeuiuria prijcu- 
 ratione amovere, tic. 3. adliou. emi, 
 emptum. ? (with ace. and due): to d. 
 an accused person from tlie j raeUn-tlUp, 
 praeturam reo ad.. Tac. to d. a general 
 from tfu: command, alicui exerdtus ad.. 
 Suet. Caes. 24 : v. To degbadk. 4, 
 abdico, l (In pass, ^ense ; with pron. 
 refl., or as pats. : the nflice-holder being 
 regarded as resigning rather tlian being 
 deposfd) : cf. .-liill. Cat. 47 : and v. to 
 abdicate. N.B. Abolere muglsiratum. 
 Liv. }, ?8, is to do ail ay wttli the office 
 (of the decemvirs) ai<«(/eZ/urr. ||. To 
 give cvidehce: ti-slor. U-sliflcor, leali- 
 monium do ; pro tcstinionio UIco, Cic: 
 
 v. WITNE.S.S (to bear), TESriFY. 
 
 deposit : I. '''" ley duum .- 1. 
 di-pono, pOsul, pOsUuni, j (in>ire freq. In 
 sense IL : v. infr.) : to d. seedt in a 
 furrow, semina sulco d.. Col. 2. 
 
 pono, p<)sui, pOsItum, ; : lod. eggs, ova 
 p., Ov. : V. TO LAV, place. II. To 
 put for safe keeping : 1. drfKiiio, { 
 (constr. various : v. infr.) : to d. nu/ney 
 in a temple, pecunium m tempi" d., Liv. : 
 also with arc.: in silvas d., Caes.: to 
 d. money with any one. pecuniam apud 
 aliquem d., Cic ; also, ad aliquem, 
 Varr. : to d. m/mey in Vie treasury, 
 pecuniam in publicum d., Caes. 2. 
 mando, tommendo, i : v. to commit, 
 TRUST. Phr.: tod. a slave as a pledge, 
 servum pignori dare, Pap. dig. 
 
 deposit («"<'«•)■■ I. That which is 
 trusted in the hands of another : L 
 deposllum : to return a d , d. reddere. 
 Cic 2. (earnest) arrha : arrhfibo. 
 
 onls, m. (earnest money) : to offer 40 
 minas by icay of d., arrhaboni dare 
 quadraginta minas. PI.: to make up a 
 d., arrhain complere, Isid. 3. pignus, 
 6ris, n ; v. pledge. 4. fiducia: v. 
 SECtJRiTY. 5. sacramenlum (money 
 paid into court) : Cic: Varr. ||, '// 
 fluids : sedimen, inis, n ; in urine, 
 Coel. Aur. : v. sediment. Phr.: allu- 
 vial d., *limus qui alluitur. 
 
 depositary : 1, depcsitarius (legal 
 
 term) : Lip 2. cnstos, Odis, c. : v. 
 
 KEEPEK. 3. sOquester, Iri and trls, 
 
 7)1. (in u'hose hands is put property dis- 
 puted at law) : Cell. Also used as neul. ; 
 in sequestro dcponere = apud seques- 
 Irera d.: v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 depositing («"''«•) •■ dc-posUio: uip. 
 
 deposition : I, Degradation : 
 
 expr. with verbs under TO depose : by 
 his d of his colleague, *qiium collegae 
 magistratum abrogassei : tlie d. of Orta- 
 vius ivas illegal, •contra leges Octavius 
 tribunicia poteslate ainotus est. ||. 
 
 £iidence: testimonium (esp. written): 
 read your witnesses' ds, legite testi- 
 monia testium veslronini. Cic. : to make 
 a d., t. dici're, Cic. : v. evidence. 
 
 depositor : depSsIlor : Ulp. 
 
 depository : 1. receptaculum : a 
 d. for prmtuie, r. frugibus, I'ac Cic 
 
 2. apotlifca : Cic. ; v. STOREHODSE. 
 
 3. thesaurus: v. RF.POsrrOBY. 
 depot : Jiprh. nearest words, 1, hor- 
 
 reum (v. granary, storkhoi'sk) : that 
 place se}~ved as a d. for proiisions to the 
 Caithaginians, id li. full Poeiiis. Lit. 
 21, 48, /n. 2. conditorluni (rare): 
 
 d. for batteries, c niurnlium torment- 
 orum, Anim. I'hr. : that place he had 
 made his d., ibl stipendia ^immeatusque 
 locaverat. Sail, 
 depravation : dPpravatio : v. pkb- 
 
 VER^ION, COKRVITKIN. 
 
 deprave; dOpravo, l: ▼. TOCi')BRt7PT. 
 
 depraved (a-O ) ■• 1. pravus. 
 
 Join: [ingrnio] malo pravnque, .'sill. 
 2. corniptns d. morals, c. mores^ 
 Sail. Phr.: utterly d., •omnibus flv 
 gltlis assuetus, imbulns; troops of d. 
 characters, omnium fingiilornm atqiia 
 facinoram (alist". for ctmci.) caiervae, 
 
 SjiH. Cat. 14 : v. PKOFLIGATE„ VICIOUS. 
 
 depravity : 1. pravltas ; more 
 
 fully, morum pr.. Cic. 2. deprav.'itio 
 et foeditas animi : Cic 3. iniprOM- 
 tas : v. WICKEDNESS. 4. cufrupli, 
 
 mali mores: v. corrupt, victors. 
 
 deprecate: I- e. 'ofceffojf: L de- 
 197
 
 DEPRECATION 
 
 DEPTU 
 
 DERISION 
 
 prficor, I : tod. the anger of the Senate, d. 
 iram Senalus, Liv. ; the person on whose 
 behalf, with ab: d. a se calamitatem, 
 Cic 2. abominor, i (of ill omens) : 
 
 what we should most d., you xvould de- 
 sire, quo<l nos niaxime abomiiiaremur, 
 vos optarelis, Liv. : v. to beg. P h r. : 
 ice d. all ili-n-ill, *omnino ab invidia 
 atque iaimicitia abhonemus ; otnni in- 
 vidia ac sludii) nos liberos esse volumus. 
 deprecation; deprficalio: Cic. 
 deprecator : deprtaitor : Cic 
 deprecatory : *quod ad deprecandum 
 aptum s. iduneum sit: or expr. with 
 yart. of deprecor : d. remarks, depre- 
 lantis, deprecanliuni oratio : see L. G. 
 I) 6j8. 
 
 depreciate : |. L i t. : to lower 
 
 in pi-ice : deprglio, i (rare) : Paul. dig. 
 (better, de pretio detrahere ; rem vili- 
 orem reddere) : v. to cheapen. ||. 
 To undervalue: 1, detraho, xi. 
 
 ctum, i (with de and aU.) .- to d. (de- 
 tract from the merits of) the Senate, de 
 Senatu d.: Cic: Nep. : v. to dis- 
 parage. 2. delrecto, i (with direct 
 ace. : not in Cic.) : to d. the fame of 
 (Hcero, Ciceronis gloriam d., Dial. Or. : 
 Liv. 3. elevo, i (to make Uyht of). 
 to d. any one's noble deeds, praeclara 
 facta alicujus el., Liv. 4. obtrecto, 
 1 (with dat: stronger than Kug.) ; v. 
 
 TO UNDERRATE, DISPARAGE. 
 
 depreciation : I. lowering of 
 
 price : vilitas : to cause a d. in any- 
 thing, vilitatera aiicui rei facere, Plin 
 P h r. : when estates were suffering from 
 d. in value, quum jacerent pretia prae- 
 diorura, Cic. Ruse. Com. n, J{ : there is 
 reason to fear a d. in the vaUie of gold, 
 *metuendum est, iie auro pretium detia- 
 hatur: v. preced. art^ (1.). ||. Dis- 
 
 yaragement : obtrectatio : v. DifcTAR- 
 
 AGEMENT. 
 
 depredate : praedor (depraedor. 
 
 Just.) : v. TO PLUNDEIt, PILLAGE. 
 
 depredation: 1. e-\pilatio: Join: 
 ex. direptioque Qsuciorum], Cic. 2. 
 direptio : Cic. (v. supr.). 3. praedatio : 
 to harass a Icingdom with d.s, regnum 
 praedationibus praedari, Tac. Join: 
 latrociniis ac praedationibus [infestare 
 mare], Veil. 4. latroclnium: often 
 pi.: to commit d.s, latrocinia agitare, 
 Tac. : Veil. 5, depraedatio (rare) ; 
 Lact. Phr. : to commit d.s, praedari, 
 latrocinari, ferre et agere : v. TO plln- 
 DEE : to lice by d.s, rapto vivere, Liv. 
 
 depredator: praedator, praedo, la- 
 Iro : or use part, of verbs under to de- 
 predate : as, to kill the d.s. praedantes 
 obtruncare. 
 
 depredatory: praedatonus : Sail.; 
 
 v. PBEDATOKY. 
 
 deprehend : v. detect. 
 
 deprehension : deprehensio: Cic: 
 
 Ulp. : V. DETECTION. 
 
 depress: I. I" physical sense: 
 
 dcprimo, pr^mo, j : v to press (down), 
 LOWER. II. Fig.: to loner, degrade: 
 1, deprimo, pressi, pressum, j : to 
 d. an enemy: hostein d., Liv.: v. to 
 LOWER. 2. premo, } : Liv. : v. to 
 
 HUMBLE. 3. jaceo, ui, 2 (in pass. 
 
 sense) : the value of estates is d.'d, jacent 
 pretia praediorum, Cic. |||. 'J'o lower 
 tlw spirits of: 1. frango, fregi, fract- 
 um, J (esp. in pass.): to be d.'d in mind, 
 frangi aninio, Cic. Join: [animus] 
 frangitur et debilitaUir, Cic. 2. '"- 
 
 fringo, ! : v. to discourage. 3. 
 
 jftceo, 2 (in pass, sensf : stronger than 
 Eng.) : to be grievously d.'d with grief. 
 In maerore j., Cic. : v. phostuate, to 
 BE. 4. affllgo, xi, ctum : v. to 
 
 CAST DOWN, DISTRKSS. 
 
 depressing {adj.) : tristis, luctuosns, 
 anxius: v. ?au, anxious. Or by cir- 
 cuml. : quod animum frangit, infringit, 
 debilitat: v. to uiscocbage (IIL). 
 
 depression : I. Physical : de- 
 
 pressio : Macr. : Vitr. (Usu. better 
 expr. by verb : there is ad. in the earth, 
 •deprimitur, premilur t'rra: v. to pre.ss 
 down.) II, Kig. : 1 eduction in poner, 
 etc. : 1. inimlniitio : Cic 2. bQ- 
 
 mtUtas (any lou) state : stronger than 
 the Kng.) : v. lowness, measnsss. 
 193 
 
 Phr.: tlie party of the optimates was 
 sull'ering under d., *opiim.itinm partes 
 jacebant, afflicfae erant, immtnutae 
 erant: v. to depress. |li. Loa-ness 
 
 of spirits: 1. animus fractus; ani- 
 mus afflictus et fractus, Cic. 2. in- 
 fractio quaedam aniini et demissio (im- 
 plying also faintness of heart) : Cic, 
 Tusc. i, 7, 14. 3. iristitia : v. sad- 
 ness. 
 
 deprivation: I. ^Ae act nj de- 
 priving : 1. adeniptio : d. of goods, 
 bonorum ad., lac. : Cic. 2. privaiio : 
 every deprivotim of (i. e. inflictei.1 by) 
 pain, omnis doloris pr., Cic. 3. orba- 
 tio: Sen. (Or expr. by ger. of verbs 
 under DEPRIVE: q. V.) ||. lite state- 
 of being without something : \, priva- 
 iio : Cic. : V. privation. 2. orbitas 
 (when the thing has lieen possessed) : d. 
 of sight, or. luminis, Plin. 3. inopia: 
 
 V. W ANT. 
 
 deprive: 1. P"^'o. i («''"' "^c- 
 and abl) : to d. oneself of sight, se oculis 
 pr., Cic. : tu d. any one of sleep (of grief), 
 aliquem somno pr., Cic. (N.B. Not 
 dcprivatio, which has no classical au- 
 thority.) 2. spOlio, 1 (to rob ; q. v. : 
 same constr. as preced.) : that jihilo- 
 sophy vhich d.s us of our judgment, ea 
 philosophia qriae s. nos judicio, Cic. 
 (Stronger still, despolio, e.xspolio : v. to 
 rob, SPOIL.) 3. "rbo, I (implying that 
 the object is left desolal<> and helpless) : 
 it d.s us of all onr senses, omnibus nos 
 orbat sensibus, Cic. 4. adimo, eini, 
 emptum, } (with ace. and dat.) : to d. a 
 peis(m of every excuse, aiicui onuiem 
 excusationem ad., Cic. : v. to take 
 AWAT. 5. eripio. ripui, reptnni, ? 
 
 (implying sudiJenness and violence : 
 constr. same as preced.) : v. to snatch 
 AWAY. Phr.: to d. any one of prefer- 
 ment (by violence) : dejicere aliquem 
 honore, Liv. : to d. any orte of office (by 
 legal means), aiicui magistratum abro- 
 gare, Cic. which thing d.s the (rrator of 
 credit, quae res fidem abrogat oratori, 
 Auct. Her. : to d. any one of his pro- 
 pf.rty (judicially), aliquem bonis ninl- 
 tare, Cic. : to d. of reason, aliquem de 
 sanitate ac mente deturbare, Cic. 
 
 deprived (part, adj.) : 1. captus 
 (of some faculty of body or mind : with 
 abl.) : d. of sight and hearing, captus 
 oculis et auribus, Cic. : d. of reason, 
 mente c, Cic. 2. """bus (with abl.) : 
 V. bereft. 3. cassus (in this sense 
 
 poet. : with abl.) : d. of life, c. luniine, 
 Virg. 4. expei"S, exsors : v. de\oid, 
 
 DE.STITL'TE. 
 
 depth: I. Lit.: the quality of 
 deepness : 1, altitudo : immense d., 
 
 infiriita, miranda a., Cic. : Caes. 2. 
 prulundiuis (strictly, unfathomable or 
 exceeding d. : rare) : Macr. P h r. ■ 
 sunk to the d. of i bout 12 feet, circiter 
 duodecim pedes humi depressus. Sail, 
 (but in altitudinem, Cic): to get out of 
 one's d., vado destitul (cf. Liv. 21, 28. 
 med.) ; supra plantam evpgari, Val. 
 Max. II. Concrete : that which is 
 deep (only in pi) : 1. altum, pr6- 
 
 fundum (the latter poet.) : to be drcn-ned 
 in the d.s of the sea, demergi in pro- 
 fundum maris. Vulg. : v. deep. 2. 
 
 pontus (the deep sea) : the d.s of the sea, 
 pontus maris, Virg. A. 10, j^^. 3. 
 
 gurges, Itis, m. (strictly, a whirlpool ; 
 hence, a deep gulf or abyss) : what d.s 
 (of the sea), what streams, qui g., quae 
 flumina, Hor. : Virg.: v. gulf, aby.ss. 
 4. fundus (strictly, the bottom of 
 anything) : yereus heaves up the waters 
 from their lo" est d.s, Imo Nereus ciet 
 aequora fuiido, Virg. : v. bottom. Phr.: 
 fiom the very d.s, imis vadis, Vii-g. 
 III. The quality of deepness (in 
 other physical applications) ; (a), mea- 
 surement from the front : P li r. : ?oo 
 feet in d., trecentos (pedes) in agrum, 
 Hor. S. I, 8, 12 : each line was ten men 
 in d., singulae acies denos ordines in 
 latitudiiiem habuerunt, Kront. 2, ;. 22 
 (where Lipsius conjectured in altitudi- 
 nem, wrongly : see the place), (b). 
 toariess of pitch in sounds : gravitas : 
 (Kr.): not to have any d. of voice. 
 
 *gravioree voces non assequi ; voce exili 
 esse. (c). (''hue: austelitas: Plin.: or 
 (better), exi.r. by adj.: color satur, 
 .-aturior : v. deep. (d). extremity : 86 
 in P b : : it teas the d. of winter, erat 
 summa hiems, Cic. : the d. of silence, 
 altum silentium. Sen.: the d. of want, 
 *summa rerum inopia; v. extremity. 
 (e). ofjorests: perh. expr. by densissi- 
 niust as, they hid themselves in the ds 
 of the. forests, *in densisslmas silvas se 
 abdiderunt; silvarum profunda, Tac 
 IV- Profoundness of mental quali 
 ties: alta indoles, Liv.; or perh. alti- 
 tudo mentis (altitudo animi, Cic. Off. i, 
 2;, 88, is something quite different) : 
 cf. Vulg. Rom. xi. 5} : altitudo diviti- 
 arum sapientiae et scientiae Dei ! (more 
 class., altam illam ac profundam Dei 
 sapientiam, etc. ! ) : what d. uf learnnig ,' 
 *quantae docttinae ! quanta reruiii ab- 
 strusarum ac recondilarum scientia ! d. 
 of erudition, intima disiiplinae profund- 
 iuis. Macr. S. S. 7. (Not mentis acies, 
 subtilitas, which denote acuteness or 
 accuracy, rather than depth of mind.) 
 
 deputation : I. ^ bod!/ of depu- 
 
 ties: 1. legatio: Caes.: v. embassy. 
 
 2. legiiti, Drum: v. deputy, envoy. 
 3". oraiores, um (spokesmen, men 
 
 who plead a cause) : the Veientines send 
 a d. to Home to solicit peace, Veientes 
 pacem petitum Rumam oratores mit- 
 tunt, Liv. Phr.: ad. teas sent to beg, 
 etc., missi sunt qui peterent, etc.,_Liv. 
 II. Act of deputing : 1. legatio : 
 Cic. 2. usu. better expr. by verb: 
 V. to depute. 
 
 depute : 1. l^so, i (to send as 
 enviiii or ambassad(n-) : Cic. 2. mand'^ 
 I (with dat.): v. to cojimission. 3b 
 
 demando, i (like inando) : Liv. 4 
 mitto, ! : v. to send, dispatch. (N.B. 
 Not deputo, which is to reckon.) See 
 
 also. TO DELEGATE, EMPOWER. 
 
 deputy (subs.) : 1, procurator (an 
 agent of any kind) ; to'do anything by 
 (/"., alifiuid per p. agere, Cic : the d. of a 
 kingdom (viceroy), regni pr., Caes. 2. 
 vicarius ; Cic, ; Liv. : v. substitute. 
 
 3. legatus (one sent on an embassy 
 or commission of any kind) : Cic. : 
 Sail.; v. coMMLSSioNER. (N.B. By 
 deputy in N. Test, is meant pro-consul : 
 q. V.) 
 
 deputy (as adj-): >« such phr. as 
 d.-govemor, d.-coUector : expr. by pro- 
 curator: V. preced, art. (1). 
 
 derange : 1. turbo, i: to d. the 
 intellect, menteni t,, Plin to d. the 
 stomach, alvurn t,, Plin.; v. TO DISTURB. 
 2. coniurbo, perturbo, i (stronger 
 than simple verb) : v, to disturb, con- 
 fuse. 
 
 deranged : I. I" gen- sense ; tur- 
 baius, conturbatus ; see verb. ||. 
 
 Disordered in mind : cui mens alienata 
 est, furiosus, insanus: v. chAZV, insane. 
 
 derangement: I. in gen. sense 
 
 (rare) ; turbatio, perturbatio, conlTisio : 
 
 V. CONFUSION, DISTURBANCE. 1' h r. : a 
 
 d. of stomach, stomachi dissolutio, Plin. : 
 d. of family affairs, implicatio rei fami- 
 liaris, Cic. ||. "f intellect: mens 
 
 alienata, fiaror : v. insanity. 
 
 dereliction; 1. dergiictio. r6- 
 
 lictio, destitutio : v. abanjwnment. 
 2. more usu. expr. by verb; as, to 
 be guilty of a d. of duty: officiura 
 deserere, ab officio discedere ; officio 
 deesse, Cic, : v. to ne<-lixt, abandon. 
 
 deride ; 1. derideo, si, sum, 2 : 
 
 to d. and' despise any one, aliquem d. 
 atque contemnere, Cic. (But the word 
 is sfonger than in Eng,, and usu. im- 
 plies that the person deriding has c^n 
 advantage enabling him to do so vnth 
 reason.) 2. rideo. irrideo (also with 
 ace); v. TO RIDICULE. 3. illiido, si, 
 sum, J (with dot.); v. TO mock, laugh 
 
 AT. 
 
 derider: 1. densor: Plin. 2. 
 Irrisor ; Cic (Or imperf. part, of verbs 
 under deride: L. G. ^ 6;8). 
 
 derision: l. derisus, as: Phaedr.: 
 Tac. 2. derisio; Amob. :Lact. Phr.: 
 to be an object of d., caudam trahere, 
 Hor. ; ludibrlo esse, Cic 3. iriisuB, as;
 
 DERISIVE 
 
 D E S C K X T 
 
 DESCRIPTION 
 
 in d. (to do a thing), ab iirisu, Li\'. ; 
 Caes. 4. irnsio ; Cic. ; v. MtJCKERY, 
 Rmicni.E. 5. ofttn better expr. by 
 imp. part, of verbs under deridk : as, 
 cries of d., ridcntiiim, irridentiuni voces, 
 clamor: L. G. } 6j8, 06s. 2. 
 
 derisive : 1. irrisorius (rare) : 
 
 Mart. Cup. 2. <'ft«" l)etter e.xpr. by 
 part, of verbs under dkride : as, d. 
 clivers:, ridenllum acclaraatio, clamor : 
 V. preced. art. (Jin.). 
 
 derisively : rldens, irrldens, In agr. 
 with subject (cf. L. G. J45)- Liv.has 
 ab irrlsu (= per Irrisiini), •;, lo, med. 
 i'h r. ; to look at {things) d., naso sus- 
 pendere adunco, Hor. 
 
 derivation (of words): 1. do- 
 
 clinatio (in the older grammarians in- 
 cluding all kinds of formation of one 
 word from anuther) : Varr. 2. <1''- 
 rivatio : to be so called by d., per d. 
 cu^iiominari, Paul. dig. : Charis^ 3. 
 origo, inis. /. ; to trace lite d. of ivonU, 
 origines verboruin scrulari, Varr. : 
 (juiut. 4. eti^mologia: tjuint. : v. 
 
 ETYMOLOGY. 
 
 derivative (adj.) : 1, derlva- 
 
 Uvus: Prise. 2. derivatus : esp. in 
 pi. derivatices, derivaia, tiiiint. 
 
 derive: I. To drair from : 1. 
 
 duco, .\i, ctum, } : to d. a name from 
 Vie Greek, nomen a Graeco d., Quint. : 
 Cic: to d. one's origin from, origlnem 
 d. ab aliquo, Hor. : tjuint. 2. dedi'ico, 
 f : a custom whence dxl, raos unde de- 
 duclus, Hor. : to ti. one's oriV/tn,origineni 
 d. ab aliquo, I'lin. 3. traho. xi, cluni, 
 i: to d. a surname from an insult, cog- 
 nomen ex contumelia tr., Cic : to d. 
 one's origin from anil one, orlginein ab 
 aliquo tr., I'lin. : v. to draw. 4. de- 
 rivo, I : Hor. (not Cic). P h r. : to d. 
 one's origin from, oriuiiduni esse (with 
 abl.), \Av. : comMii ds it ; subjects from 
 annnum life, comoedla ex medio res 
 arcessil, Hor.: Cic: an exordium d.d 
 from philcsophj/, ingressio e phllosophia 
 repetita, Cic: manliness has d.d its 
 name from men, a viris virlus nomen 
 est mutu.ua, Cic. ||. In grammar: 
 
 1. derivo, i : Quint. 2. "iiico, j : 
 v. suin-. (1). 3. dico. xi, cium, j: 
 terra is d.d from tero. terra dicta ab eo 
 quod teritur, Varr. 4, laciu, ? : Varr. 
 v. TO FOKM. P h r. : the rmme is d.d 
 from the (Ireek, nomen ex Graeco flu.xil. 
 Quint. Cic. 
 
 derogate : 1. derogo, i (with 
 
 oat.): to d. so much from oneself , sih'i 
 tantum d., Cic. : with de : to d. from 
 the credit of vntnesses, de fide testium 
 d., Cic. 2, di-iraho, j : v. TO DETRAtrr 
 FROM. 3. inimin\io, i : v. to dis- 
 parage. 
 
 derogation : immumtio, demlnutio : 
 v. DETRACTION. P h r. : as far as lain 
 witliont d. of honour, quod salva tide 
 possim, Cic. 
 
 derogatorily : chiefly in such phr. 
 as to sf-ak d., obtrectare, detrahere de 
 aliijua re : v. to disparage, detract 
 
 KIMJM. 
 
 derogatory: 1. i"<iignus (with 
 
 abl. or absol.) : it is d. In be ranqiiisluul 
 by an eifual, indignum est a pari vinci, 
 Cic. : v. UNWoitTiiv. 2. iilienus (with 
 aJbl. alone or with ab, or gen.) -. to regard 
 anything as d. to ow s dignity, aliquid 
 alienum ilignitatc sua, a digiiitate sua, 
 dignitatis suae (luceic, Cic. 3. in- 
 hdnestus: v. dlshonocrable. Phr.: 
 Uiis course is in no way d. to my dig- 
 nity, haec ratio nullarn imminutionem 
 habet dignitatis meae. b:used on Cic. : to 
 do irhat IS d. to honour and justice, a 
 fide justitiaquo discedcre, Cic. : to speak 
 of any one in a d. manner, aliciii ob- 
 trectare, Cic. 
 
 dervise : *nioiiachus s. anachorcta 
 Malionietaiius. 
 
 descant («■) •• obsol. except in sense 
 oi to discourse at large n\>o\\ : perh., 1, 
 expoiio, posui, p6stttim, ; : to d. u)w>n 
 friendship, scrmotiem e.\. de amicitia, 
 Cir. 2, explico, I : more fully. 
 
 dilatare atqur explicire, Cic. : v. to 
 enlarge. Phr.: the praises of agri- 
 culture are d.d upon, agricultura copiase 
 
 laudatur, Cic. (N.li. l>ecaiito always 
 implies repetition, harping upon again 
 aiui again.) 
 
 descant: I. -^ song-, cantus, us: 
 v. SONG. II, Lengtheneil and elei-ated 
 discourse: *sermo quidam excelsior ac 
 paene divinus. |||, Jn bad ^^ense : 
 
 tedious discourse : amljfiges, um, /. .• 
 Hor. 
 
 descend : I. M t. : 1, descendo, 
 di, sum, i : to d. from the heights into 
 the I'lain, ex superioribvis locis in plaui- 
 tiem d., Caes. : j.,iv. : to d. from the 
 rostra, de rostris d., Cic. : to d. from a 
 horse, ex equo d., Liv.: v. to dismount ; 
 til d. fiom heaeen, coelo d. , Hor.: a 
 coelo, Virg. ; e coelo, Juv. : Cic. 2, 
 degrcdior, gressus sum, j : they dared 
 not d. to the plain. In aequum d. non 
 aiidebanl, Tac. : Caecina received orders 
 to d. the I'ennine Alps. C Penniiiis 
 Alpibus d. jussus, Tac 3. delabor, 
 la)isus sum, ; {vnth slow, gliding mo- 
 linn): a divine man d.'d from heaven, 
 d(! ciielo divinus homo delap-us. Cic: v. 
 TO glide down. 4. dijmitto, misi, 
 ml.ssum, } (with/Jion. J«//.): the greater 
 part of the army had d.'d into a large 
 valley, se major pars agminis in niagnam 
 convallem demiseiat, Caes. 5. riio, 
 rili, rfitum, j (ivith violence) : the lofty 
 sky d.s (in rain), r. arduus aether, Virg. 
 
 II. rig. : to come down, Imver one- 
 self to: 1. descendo, }; to d. to the 
 trade of a slave-dealer, ad mangonicos 
 quaestus d.. Suet. : to d. to every kind 
 of entreaty, in onmes preces d., Virg. 
 (In Cic. the word does not imply humili- 
 ation, but voluntory cimcession.) 2. 
 deliilwr, } (to Jail into insensibly: v. 
 T<3 FALL INTO) : to d. tu aficediimnan's 
 bive, in amoreni libertae d., Tac. 3. 
 demitto (with pron. refl. or in past.) : 
 to d. to flattery, in adulationem deniilti, 
 Tac Phr.: tod. eagerly into servitude, 
 mere in servitium, Tac. : to d. to the 
 level of brutes, omneni huinanitatem 
 exiiere, Cic. |||. Of property ; to 
 
 come to in course of inheritance : 1. 
 
 pervenio, veni, etc., 4 : to d. lo any one 
 by right (of money, etc.), ad quenii)iam 
 p. jure, Cic. 2. venio, 4 : this d.'d lo 
 me by inheritance, hoc mihi hereditate 
 venit, Cic. (al.so obvenit, Plin.). Phr. 
 noble custom and training which has 
 descended to us from our ancestors .' 
 praeclarum moivm disciplinamque, 
 quam a majoribus accepimus I Cic 
 IV, Tobe d'SceniJUd: v. descknded. 
 
 V. To make a descent upon ; v. 
 
 DE.-iCENT. 
 
 descendant: 1. expr. by words 
 
 given under descended: (]. v. 2. 
 
 sangiiis. inis, hi. (iM)et.): noble d. of 
 Anchises and Venus, clanis Anchisae 
 V'enerisque s., Hor. 3. genus, eris, 
 n. (poet.) : the d. of Jove (i'erseus). Jovis 
 g., Ov. : Virg. 4. progenio, ei, /. ; 
 Cic. : Tac. : v. off.si-risg. 5. stirps, 
 pis, /. ; Tac. !' h r. : d.s, ininori-.s, 
 postcri, ncpotes : v. i-osrcRiTr. 
 descended (^part. adj.) .• l. ortus 
 
 (of iminixliali: descent: with abl. alone 
 or with ab) : d. from ancestors of no 
 account, nuUis majoribus o., Hor.: d. 
 from the Germans (the Belg.ie), orti a 
 iJermanis, Caes. : v. descent. 2. 
 
 Oriiincius (of more remote connection : 
 coiistr. as urtus) : d.fromfrtemen (gen- 
 tlemen), ab ingenuis oriiindus, Cic; d. 
 fiirm the Etruscans, ex Ktruscis oriundi, 
 l.iv. 3. prognatus: Ivonulus d. from 
 a gild, Romulus deo pr., l.iv.: d.from 
 the Cimbiians and Teutons, ex Cimbris 
 Teutoni.sque pr., Caes. : the Gauls d. 
 from Ois on the father's side, Galli ab 
 Dite patre pr., Caes. 4, editus 
 
 (poet.): .Maecenas, d. from kingly an- 
 cestors. M. atiivis e. regibiis, Hor. 5. 
 gCneratus: d.from the stock of Hercules, 
 HercuUs stirpe g., Cic. 6. siitus 
 
 (poet.)- V. SPRUNG. Phr.: to be d. 
 from, originem diicMTe, trahere, habere 
 ab: V. OUIGIN ; To derive. 
 
 descending (("(?•) • I' li r. : in a d. 
 
 scale, *per giadus oiimes inferiores. 
 
 descent : I. The act of going 
 
 itown : X. descensus, us ; (At d. to 
 
 Avemus, d. Avemi, Virg. : Sail. 2 
 de&ceiislo (rare) : Plin. 3, lapsus, lis 
 V. FALL. 4. expr. by verb: during 
 
 the d., *iDter descendenduni ; interea 
 dum descendilur : v. to DfiCEXD. ||. 
 A declivity : 1, desceiuius, us : a slcrt 
 d., praerupius d., Hiri. . Plin. 2. 
 
 clivus, declive : v. di-x;livity, slope. 
 Ill, hostile irruption by tea : ex- 
 scensio: a d.for the purpose of ravag- 
 ing the country, (classis) ex. ad p<jpu- 
 landum, Liv. : to make a d., ex facere, 
 Liv. Phr.: to malce a d. on Africa, 
 in African! tran.scendere, traasmittere, 
 Liv. IV, Origin : 1. Origo, inis, 
 /. : to derive one's d. from any one, or. 
 ab a4iquoducere, Hor. 2. genus, fris, 
 71. : (if wtble d., nobill g. natus, Cic. : 
 Hor. 3. progenies: v. lisfjigf. 
 
 describe: I. To draw with Unet: 
 1. describe, psi, pium, % . to d. geo- 
 metrical figures in Uie sand, geoinetricas 
 formas in arena d., Cic : to d. (the cir- 
 cumference of) a circle, clrcuitionetD 
 circuli d., Vitr. 2. circuniscribo, t 
 (only of circles) : to d. a circle 1 ounil a 
 peison nrith a stick, virgula aliquem c, 
 Cic. : Liv. : simly., orbem c, Cic. 
 P h r. : the stars d. their circles, siden 
 circulos [orbesque3 suos conliciuDt, Cic. : 
 he d.s a circle with his troops, clrcum- 
 agit sua per vestigia ductos, Sil. : to d. a 
 circle round a place with the plough, 
 aratrum cinumducere, Cic. : see also 
 circle. II. To give a description of: 
 1, describe, } : a woman such as J 
 just now d.d, niulier hiijtismodi, qualem 
 ego paulo ante descripsi. Cic. : brirjly to 
 d., breviter d., Cic. (.More freq. in .>ense 
 of to mark out, define.) 2, scrilw, J(ih 
 writing) : to d. to any one the form and 
 situation of a farm, forniam el situm 
 agri alicui scrlbere, Hor. : v. to write. 
 3. depingo, pinxi, pictuni, } (at 
 with colours, vividly) : to d. this fellow's 
 life, vitam hujusce d., Cic. : PI. 4. 
 expono, posui, pfisltum, j (to set forth, 
 nanate) : to d. what took place, ex. 
 rem gestam, res quemadmodum gesta 
 sit, Cic: to d. ^the form of^ vhat is 
 best, ex. fomiam optimi, Cic. 5. de- 
 signo, I (to mark out) : to d. the affec- 
 tions, as it were, in outline, affectus 
 velut primis lineis d.. Quint. 6. c^- 
 primo, pressi, pressum, } (with exact- 
 ness) : to d. a man's manners in a 
 speech, mores alicujus oratione ex., Cic. : 
 this scene Praxiteles chased in silver 
 and my friend Jrchias has d.d in rent, 
 banc specieiu P. caelavit argento el 
 noster expressit Archias versibus, Cic. 
 7. defornio, 1 (rare) : the character 
 I have d.d (or 7no<.lelled) above, ille 
 quem supra deformavi, Cic. : Sen. 8. 
 pfirago, egi, actum (to detail) : to d. ex- 
 ploits of peace and u-ar, res pace bel- 
 loque gestas p., Liv.: Hor. 9. de- 
 monstro, i (to point out clearhi) : hi 
 d.s the sue and shape of the thips, 
 navium modum formamque demoavtrat, 
 Caes. : to d. in ifriting, scripio d.. 
 Quint. 10, narro, enarro, i v. to 
 relate. 11. exst^quor, persfiquor, j : 
 usu. with verbis: v. to relate. 12. 
 explico, avi and ui, etc., i (to unfold, 
 enter into detail): to d the whole cha- 
 racter of another, vitam alterlus lotam 
 ex., Cic: also with de : to d. (th* 
 structure of) catapults, de catapultis 
 ex., Vitr. 
 
 describer : scriptor, n:irriiDir ■ V. 
 NAttUAToit. Or expr. by verb> under T« 
 Di':sCRiBE: as, Ae is a goixl J., "optlme 
 res quemadmodum gestae slnt cxponit, 
 oil oculos ponit, etc. 
 
 description : 1. descrlptio : a d. 
 of cuunlries, regionum d.. Quint.: of a 
 banquet, convivii d.. Quint, (appy. not 
 in Cic. in this sense). 2. expflsltlo 
 
 (clear Sitting forth) : a d. of incidents. 
 ex. rerum gestarum. Quint. 3. nar- 
 riitio; v. narrath'N. Phr.: virid d., 
 rerum quasi gerantur sub asi>ectum 
 paene subjectio, Cic. : to ^it'e a d. of, 
 V. TO Di-ycRiBE beycmd d., *supra quam 
 ut describi, verbis exaequari, enarrar^ 
 possit: d. of the earth, geogr&pbia: v, 
 
 UEOORAI'HY. 
 
 199
 
 DESCRY 
 
 DESIGN 
 
 DESIRE 
 
 descry : 1. consplcor, i (to get a 
 tight of at some distance) : who is this 
 «i/un/i / d. coming hilher f hie quis est 
 quem hue advenienleni eonspicor ? PI. : 
 Oaes. 2. conspicio, j : v. to behold, 
 SEE. 3. dispicio, } (when an objeet 
 is seen vnth difficulty, or through inter- 
 vening obstacles) : Thule too vas d.'d, 
 dispecta tst et I'hule, Tae. 4. pro- 
 spteio, } (io see in the distance) : he d.s 
 Italy from the top of a wave, Italiam 
 suinma prospicit ab unda, Virg. : see 
 
 also TO DISCERN. 
 
 desecrate : 1. profano, i : v. to 
 
 PROFANE. 2. exauguro, i {formally 
 to divest of a religious citaractvr) : to d. 
 temples, fana ex., Liv. 3. tem^ro, i : 
 to d. ancient groves with steel, lueos 
 ferro t. vetustos, Ov. 4, polluo, j ; 
 
 V. TO POLLUTE. 5. vioio, I : V. TO 
 
 VIOLATE. 
 
 desecration : 1. vioiatio : d. of 
 
 a temple, v. teiupli, Liv. 2. prQfaiia- 
 tio (rare) : v. profanation. 3. e.\- 
 augiraiio: Liv. 
 
 desert ("«{?•) •■ 1. desertus: cities 
 
 almast d., uibes paene desertae, Cic. 
 
 2. solus: Caep. : Virg.: v. solitakv. 
 
 desert {subs.) : a xuaste place : 1. 
 sollliido, inis, /. : they make a d., tliey 
 coil it peace, s. faciunt, pacem appellant, 
 Tac.: the most solitary d., deserii>sima 
 s., Cic 2, desertiim (strictly a neut. 
 
 adj.): the d.s of Libya, Libyae deserta, 
 Virg.: Plin. 3. vaslltas: v. deso- 
 lation. 4. expr. by adj. : vastus, 
 solus : v. preced. art. 5, firemus, i, 
 /.; Tert. 
 
 desert (»• <>■•)•• 1. desero, serui, 
 sertum, } : my friends d.'d me, amici 
 deseruerunt me, Cic. : to d. the army, 
 exercitum d., Caes. : v. foil. art. Join: 
 deserere ac derelinquere, Cic. 2. r6- 
 linquo, derelinquo, linquo : v. to for- 
 sake, abandon. 3. dimitto, misi, 
 missuni, j (of things or plojces) : they 
 had d.'d several toicns, coniplura oppida 
 dimiserant, Hirt. 
 
 desert ("• intr.) .- of soldiers : 1. 
 desero, rui, rtum, } : usu. with signa or 
 exercitum, Cic. ; Caes. ; also, absol. : 
 being compelled tojon the army, he d.'d, 
 ire in acieni coactus, deseruit, Quint. 
 2. traiisfiigio, liigi. iiigituni, j (to 
 go over to the other side): many d.'d to 
 the Romans, niulti ad liomanos trans- 
 fugerunt, Liv.: Cic. {fig.). 3. per- 
 fiigio, } (like transfngio) : Hirt. 4. 
 transeo, Ivi and ii, ituni, 4 (= 2 and 3) : 
 they were compelled to fight against the 
 side to which they had d.'d, coacti sunt 
 cum eis pugnare ad quos transieraiit, 
 Nep. : Liv. : v. TO GO over. 5. trans- 
 gredior, gressus. j : v. to go over. 6. 
 signa relinquo : Sail. P b r. : they d.'d 
 en masse to Caesar, sublatis signis ad 
 Cacsareni se contulerunt, Veil. 
 
 desert (subs.) .- worth -. 1. merlt- 
 um : for especial d., pro singulari m., 
 Cic. : often pi. : such d., tanta ni., Cic. ; 
 V. service. 2. dignltas: v. ■worth. 
 
 deserter: 1. deserter (esp. one 
 
 who abandons his colours) : a d. of 
 friends, amicfirum d., Cic. : nor vas 
 there any other hiding-place but Capua 
 for d.s, neque aliae latebrae quam Capua 
 desenoribus erant, Liv. 2. defector 
 (= desprtor) : Tac. 3. perfuga, m. 
 {one who goes over to the enemy) : a d. 
 came to Fabriciv^' camj), p. venit in 
 castra Kaivricii, Cic. 4. transfuga, 
 
 m. (= perluga) : traitors and d.s they 
 hang on trees, prodiLores et tr. arboribus 
 MUopenduiit, Tac. 
 
 desertion: I. In gen. sense: 1. 
 desertio : Liv. 2. destitiitio : Suet. 
 3. derelictio : v. abandonment. 
 II Miliiary : 1. desertio (rare): 
 Modest, dig. 2. transfugium : Liv. : 
 'I'ac. 3. transitio : d.s to the enemy 
 took place, tr. ad hostem tiebant, Liv. : 
 Cic. 4. alienatio (lit. esiran^«™«?ii: 
 not of the clandestine desertion of indi- 
 vidual soldiers) : the disgraceful flight 
 and d. oj the anny, turpis fuga et al. 
 exerciius, Cass. 5. defectio : v. de- 
 jection. 
 
 deserve: 1. mereo, ui, itum, 2: 
 100 
 
 or as dep. (the latter usu. in prose): / 
 have d.d by my own fault to lose all, 
 merui vitio perdere cuncta meo. Ov. : 
 defend my dignity, if I d. it, dignitatem 
 meam, si mereor, tuearis, Cic. : to d. 
 well of any one, bene de aliquo mereri, 
 Cic. Foil, ijy subj. : I d.d to become so, 
 merui ut fierem, Plin. : Cic. : nor )iad 
 the Greeks d.d to be plundered, nee 
 meruerant Graeci nut diripiantur, Liv. 
 (the inf. after raereor is rare and poet.). 
 
 2. commereo and -or, z (rather 
 stronger than the simple verb) : to have 
 once d.d punishment, poenam commeru- 
 isse, Ov. : Cic. • fie has d.d a character 
 for diligence and truthfulness, comme- 
 ritus est fidem sednlitatis et veritatis, 
 (jell. 3. promgreo and -or, 2 (not 
 differing sensibly from mereor) : you 
 have d.d to ask for nothing without ob- 
 taining it, promeruisti ut nequid ores 
 quin irapetres, PI. : Ter. : Cic: uluitill. 
 Sir, hax'e I d.d, quid mali sum, here, 
 promeritus? PI.: Cic. 4. emfireo and 
 -or, 2 (to earn by service) : PL: Quint.: 
 V. TO EARN. 5. demfireo and -or, 2 
 (more freq. in sense of to lay under an 
 obUgatiim) : PI. 6. dignus sum : 
 
 esp. when what Is deserved is expr. by 
 a verb, when it is usu. foil, by qui : the 
 matter d.s long consideration, digna res 
 est quam diu consideres, Plin. : he d.s 
 one day to ride, dignus (est) qui ali- 
 quando imperet, Cic. : a work which d.s 
 perusal, scriptum lectione dignum, Cic. 
 Simly., with indlgnus, not to deserve : 
 Cic. Phr. : his end d.s to be known. 
 cujus exitum nosse operae est pretium. 
 Sen. : which d.s to be praised, blamed, 
 rewarded, etc., laudandus, vituperandus, 
 donandus, etc. 
 
 deservedly : 1. merito : %ve are 
 d. punished, m. plectimur, Phaedr. : / 
 am d. angry leith Metellus, m. sum 
 iraius Metello, Cic. Join: recte ac 
 merito, Cic. .'>uperl., nieritlssimo, Cic. 
 
 2. jure (abl. of jus) : he would be d. 
 punished, jure in eum aniiiiadveneretur, 
 Cic. Join: jure ac merito, Cic. : v. 
 justly. 3. expr. by part, of mereor: 
 to suffer punishment d., merentem ex- 
 pendisse poenas, Virg. (see L. G.^ ^4}) . 
 also in same constr., merilus, Ov. 
 
 deserving {adj.) .- |. Absoi. == 
 
 well-deserving : 1. merens, meritus, 
 with some defining words : to give prizes 
 to the bravest and most d.. fortissimo 
 cuique et bene merenti praemia tribuere, 
 Hirt. : so d. a citizen, ita merens (me- 
 ri tus) de republica, Cic. tr. : bene merens, 
 well-deserving, is very freq. in sepulchral 
 inscriptions, also the superl. meritissi- 
 mus: a very d. ally, auxiliaris et diu 
 meritus, Tac. 2. bonus, optimu.s : 
 V. GOOD, excellent. ||. licservitg 
 
 of ; toll, by subs. : 1. dignus (with 
 abl. or qui and suhj.) : v. to deserve 
 (6). 2. meritus (with ace.) : d. of 
 
 praise, laudem meritus, Caes. : Plin. 
 3. expr. by gerund, part. : Phr.: 
 d. of Apollo's bays, laurea donandus 
 ApoUinari, Hor. : lie appears to some d. 
 oj pity, to others of ridicule, aliis miser- 
 andiis, aliis irrideudus videtur, Cic. 
 
 deservingly : optime, laudato more ; 
 non sine laude. 
 
 desh.abille : perh. amictus negli- 
 gentior. Quint, (used by him of care- 
 lessness as to the set of the toga in 
 speaking: J\, }, 147): or vestis domes- 
 tica, i. e. dress such as worn in private : 
 Suet. Vitell. 8. Phr.: in d., disciiictus, 
 Hor. : speech in d. (fig.) oratio iiicompta, 
 Cic. 
 
 desiccate : desicco, i : v. to dry. 
 
 desiccation : siccatio : v. drying. 
 
 desiderate : desidfiro, indigeo : V. TO 
 
 WANT, need. 
 
 desideratum : rps optabiUs ; res 
 expeteiida atque optabilis : v. desir- 
 able, needful. 
 
 design ('••) •■ I. To delineate : 1. 
 designo. i . to d. the plan of the uni- 
 verse, descriptionem rerum d., Cic. : he 
 d.s the figttre of Kuropa, designat Eu- 
 ropam, Ov. : v. to mark out. 2. 
 
 describo, j : v. to deijneate. 3. de- 
 llneo, 1 (to draw in lines) : Plin. : v. to 
 
 SKETCH. 4. pono, p5sui, pfisitum, j 
 {of artists) : to d. the figure of a Titan, 
 a god, hominem, deum p., Hor. Od. 4, 
 8, 8 : to d. the figure of Venus (of 
 Apelles), Venerem p., Ov. A. A. i, 401. 
 See also TC draw, depict. ||. To 
 
 have in ant's mind, purpose : agito, in 
 auimo est (mihi), cogilo : v. to pub- 
 pose, intend. 
 
 design (subs.) : |. a representa- 
 tion in outline : \. descriptio : Cic. 
 2. lineamentum {pi.) : v. outline. 
 
 II. 'J'he plan of anything as con- 
 ceived by the mind : 1. descriptio : 
 the d. of the universe, rerum d., Cic. 
 
 2. designatio : a d. for building, 
 d. aedificandi, Cic. Phr.: the d. of the 
 picture is good, *belle pictor rem posuit : 
 V. TO design (L, 4) : to exceed my ori- 
 ginal d., formam propositi operis ex- 
 cedere. Veil. |||, Purpose : 1. 
 
 consilium : a d. is a well-considered plan 
 of doing or not doing something, c. est 
 aliquid laciendi aut non laciendi excogi- 
 taia ratio, Cic. : to foi m. a d., consilium 
 inire, Caes. ; capere, Cic. 2. insti- 
 tutum {an arranged scheme) : in pursv^ 
 ance of his d., instituto suo, Caes. : Cic. : 
 V. PURPOSE, plan. 3. inceplum {that 
 which is actually beyun) : v. under- 
 taking. 4. propositum : v. purpose. 
 
 5. destinatio {a fixed d) : Plin. 
 
 6. destinatum (like destinatio) : Tac. 
 Phr.: to nourish d.s against the State, 
 ♦contra renipublicam sentire. 
 
 designate: I. To mark out: db- 
 
 signo, iioto, denoto, i : v. to mark out, 
 SINGLE out. II, To elect : designo, i : 
 V. TO elect. Ill, To name : appello, 
 
 nomlno, dico : v. to call, denote. 
 
 designation: I. Appointment: 
 
 designatio : d. to the consulship, d. con- 
 sulatus, Tac. : v. appointment, elec- 
 tion. II, JVame : vocabiilum, nomen ; 
 
 V. NAME, title, APPELLATION. 
 
 designed (culj.): quod de industria 
 fit. 
 
 designedly : 1. consulto (not con- 
 suite in this sense) : d. and deliberately, 
 
 c. et cogitate, Cic. : Liv. (opp. to im- 
 prudens, inscitia). 2, cogitiie: Cic. 
 (v. supr.) 3. de or ex industria {by 
 set purpose: stronger than the preced- 
 ing) : injuries done d., for the purpose 
 of injuring, injuriae quae nocendi causa 
 de industria feiuntur, Cic; ex ind., 
 Liv. ; also simply industria, Plin. 4. 
 dedlta 6pera (=de industria): Ter.; 
 Cic. 5. priidens, ntis (see L. G. $ J4!) ^ 
 whom I d. pass by, quos prudens prae- 
 tereo, Hor. So, not d. may be expr. by 
 imprudens : v. unintentionally. 
 
 designer : I. -^ contriver, plan- 
 ner: 1, inventor (only when the 
 thing designed is new) : v. inventor. 
 
 2. fabricator: d. of the stratagem: 
 
 doli f., Virg.: v. framer, maker. 3, 
 
 designator {tvho plans as an architect) : 
 
 Inscr. 4. arcliitectus : v. architect. 
 
 II, One ulto concerts a scheme : 
 
 1, molitor: Suet. 2. machtna- 
 tor ; Tac. : v. schemer, contriver. 
 
 III, One who constructs designs for 
 patterns, etc. ; perh. *designator operum 
 pictorum. 
 
 designing: callldus (often in good 
 sense), astutus, dolosus : v. sly, de- 
 ceitful. 
 
 desirable: 1, optainiis, e: for 
 me peace was especially d., mihi pa.x im- 
 primis fuit op., Cic. Join: txpetenda 
 atque optabilia, Cic. 2. desiderabilis, 
 e (rare) : Cic. : Liv. 3. expr. by ger. 
 part, of cupio, expeto, opto: xihat is 
 nwre d., quid vehementius est optandum, 
 
 etc. : v. TO DESIRE. 
 
 desirability \ expr. by adj. imdet 
 desirableness f desirable : there 
 
 can be no diubt of the d. of such an 
 event, *dubitari non potest quin magno- 
 pere cupere debeamus ut ita fieret. 
 
 desire (s»bs.) : |, a longing: 1, 
 desiderium (a sense of loss or deficiency) ; 
 
 d. is a longing to see one who is not yet 
 present, d. est libido ejus qni nondum 
 adsit videndi, Cic. 2. cupiditas (in 
 good as well as bad sense the usu. 
 word in Cic.) : an insatiable d of eeinfi
 
 DKSI RE 
 
 DESPAIRIIfG 
 
 I> ESP ER ATELT 
 
 truth, insatiixbilis quaedam c. veri vi- 
 dcndi, Cic. : Ui feel a very strong d., iii- 
 crt'dibili c. ardere.Cic. : v. passiok. 3. 
 cupiilo, ints, /., in Hor. m. (= cupidi- 
 tas, but not in Cic. except poet.) : o d. 
 uf founding a city look possession of 
 Hamulus, llomuluiii c. cepit urbis con- 
 dendae, Liv. : d. for glory, c. gloriac. 
 Sail. 4 appeiuio (a neutral wuni, 
 used by Cic. in philosophical sense) : 
 natural d. and aversion, ap. et declina- 
 tio naturalis, Cic. : d. of what is another's, 
 alien i ap., Cic. 5. appCtitus, us : v.ai'- 
 PETITE. 6. app6leiilia(=appelitiu) : 
 d. of food, ap cibl, I'lin. 7. amor, 
 oris, m. (a passionate d.) : a (strong) 
 d. for praise, laudutn a., Cic. : a d. for 
 war, belli a. Virg. : v. love. 8. stu- 
 dluni (ait eoj/er d.) : the d. of discover- 
 ing truth, St. veri reperiendl, Cic: v. 
 DEVOTION, ZEAL. 9. avidllas : v. 
 
 EAGEBXESS. 10. llWdo (USU. Of bod 
 
 d.): V. LONGiNii. I'hr. : to feel a d., 
 cupere, avCro, etc. (see verb) : / d., 
 mibi est in animo, mihi animus fert (v. 
 TO PROPOSE, iNTKNij): to Satisfy any 
 onefs d., animuin explere (alicui), Cic. : 
 according to {any one's) d.,e\ sententia, 
 Cic. : Ter. : to lie inspired with a d. for 
 revenge, ad ulciscenduni ardere. Sail. 
 
 II, Sexual d. : 1. desTdCriutn : 
 the cup of d. (i.e. the love-philtre), desi- 
 deri poculuin, Hor. 2. libido, inis, 
 /. ; V. LUST. 3, ciipiditas : Plin. 
 
 4, ardor, oris, m.: to cloak over d. 
 (passion), dissiraulare a., Tib. 5, 
 
 Vgnus, 6ris, /. ; an application of the 
 root ii-ill repress d., illita radix inhibebit 
 Venerera, I'lin. : Vlrg. : v. love, ldst. 
 
 III. The. thing d.d or requested: 
 1. votuni : to fulfil any one's d., v. 
 
 alicujus implere, Curt.: Ov. 2. op- 
 latuiu (chiefly inpf.) : v. wish. 
 
 desire («■) •• I. To long for: \. 
 cuplo, ivi and ii, itum, j (the most gen. 
 term); the more thou hast gotten, the 
 more thou djst, quatito plura parasti, 
 tanto plura cupis, Hor. : I d. to die, 
 emori c, I'er. . nhoso dj or fears, qui 
 c. aut metuit. Hor. : ice d. you to enjoy 
 your virtue, te lua Irui virtutecupinnis, 
 Che. (the subj. alter cupio is rare and not 
 to be iniilated). 2. perciipio, j (In- 
 teos. of cupio): I'l : I'or. 3, coii- 
 cupisco, J {to d. covet'iusl y, excessively : 
 V. TO covet): / d. nothing for myself, 
 nihil mihi c, Cic. : to d. after pictures, 
 tabulas c, Cic. : to d. to adorn the 
 world, munduni ornare c, Cic. 4. 
 desidgro, i (to feel something to be lack- 
 ing) : to thirst for honours, to d. glory, 
 sitire honores, d. glorlara, Cic. 5. 
 
 optO, I : V. TO WISH FOK. 6. CXOplO, 
 
 1 (intens. of opto) : Cic. 7. expcto, 
 ivi or ii, Uum, j (to seek after : willi 
 arc), to d. eageily J'laiitus' plays, aw- 
 diose ex. I'lautinas fabulas, PI. : to d. 
 for death, mortem ex., Cic. : also loll, 
 by injin., 'I'er. 8. app5to, etc., j 
 (sim. to expeto, but less strong) : to 
 eagerly d. anotlter's lands, alienos agros 
 cupide ap , Cic. 9. gestio, ivi aiul ii, 
 4 (when desire is expressed in gesture. : 
 hence to d. eagerly) : I d. greatli/ to 
 know all, gestio scire omnia, Cic. : Hor. : 
 V. to long. 10. fiveo, avcre (with 
 inf.) : V. to U)Ng. P h r. : tod. greatly, 
 flac;rare, ardi-re studio, cupiditate : v. to 
 BURN (intr.). II. 7b ask Jor: 1. 
 opto, I : d. fioni me ant/ gift and re- 
 uard you ple(xse, <iucidvis domiin ct 
 praemium a me optato, Ter.: full, by 
 ut and subj.. Cic. 2. vulo, volui, 
 velle: what is it that you </. (f me:' 
 ^uid est quod me veils? Ter. 3. 
 peto, J : V. TO ASK, beg. 
 
 desirous : 1, ciipWus (general 
 
 term) : d. of hearing you, te audieiidi 
 
 c, Cic. : d. of death, c. mortis, Hor. 
 
 2. cupieiis, litis (not in Cic): d. 
 for the iiediling, nupliarum c, Ter. 
 
 3, studiosus (be)tt on, zealous of) : 
 
 d. of pleasing, placendi st., Ov. : v. 
 fond, eager 4. araans. ntis (poet.) : 
 d. q/"6/o'»(<,cruorisa.,Ov. 5. appC-tens, 
 ntis (including all degrees of lOsire): 
 mi>st d. of honour, honestatis appeten- 
 Ussiraus.Cic 6. avidus: v. eaobb. 
 
 desist : 1. dCslsto, stlti, stitum, 
 J (with inf., ttfci. alone or with pirp.; 
 or abbol.): not to d. from exJuirtnig, 
 bortari non d., Cic. : to d. from a par- 
 pose, incepto d., Liv. : Cic. : to d. from 
 a struggle, de contentione d.. -Ni-p. : / 
 will nut d. witlu/ut, etc., n«n de.-istam 
 quin, etc., Cic. : to d. from (hnHiiiy or 
 expressing) an opinion, a senleniia d.. 
 Cic. 2. absisto. stili, } (same consir.) : 
 to d. from war, bi-llo ab., Liv. : to d. 
 from pursuit, ab. sequendo, Liv. 3. 
 deslno, j : v. to cease. 4. abscedo, 
 ce.ssi, cessuni, } (with abl. only): tod. 
 from a purpose, incepto abs., Liv. 
 
 desk : 1. scrinium {for writing) : 
 a n'riting-d. and letters, s. cum Uteris, 
 Sail.: sometimes pi. : vakeful I call 
 for jHiper, pen and d., vigil calamum et 
 chartas et scrinia posco, Hor. 2. 
 
 capsa (not strictly a desk, but a box for 
 holding books) : Hor. : v. Diet. Ant. p. 
 2?8. 3. pulpitura {for reading or 
 
 speuking) : Suet. : Hor. 4. {■) mensa 
 (for purposes of business) ; v. bench, 
 
 COI'NTKK. 
 
 desolate (.adJ.^^: |. Of places, 
 
 naturally unoccupied or ravaged : 1. 
 vastus : a d. kind of country, v. genus 
 agrorum, Cic. Join: vastus ac de- 
 sertus, Cic. ; vastus ab natura et hu- 
 maiio cultu. Sail. 2. solus : in the 
 d. soil of Libya, Libyae solis in agris, 
 Virg.: v. .soLiTARV. 3. desolatus: 
 temples almost d., templa prope d., Plin. 
 4, desertus : v. desert (adj.). 
 P h r. : to render a country d., vastare 
 (v. TO DEVASTATE), vastitatem elHcere, 
 Cic. ; reddere, Liv. : to lie d. (of lands), 
 vacare, Caes. ||, 01 persons ; afflicted, 
 bereaved : 1. orbus : v. bereft. 
 
 2. desolatus: Suit. 3. afHictus, 
 prostrate, depressed by .tome heavy blow : 
 
 V. DISTRESSED. 4. SOlUS ; V. SO- 
 
 LITAKV. 
 
 desolate («■) •■ 1. vasto, devasto, 
 
 I : V. Id DEVASTATE. 2. diJSOlO, I : 
 
 Col.: Stat. 3' popQlor, I : v. TO 
 
 RAVAGE, WASTE (lay). 4. vastitat«m 
 elticio, reddo : see verb {I. fin.). 
 
 desolateness: I. Of places: i. 
 
 vastitas: v. toll. art. 2. vastitiido 
 (rare) : Cato. 3. expr. by adj. : as, 
 wars and the d. of the country prevented 
 intercourse, *bella et vastiim desertum- 
 que solum conimercia prohibebant : see 
 L. G. }6!i, 2. II, 01 persons; 1. 
 orbitas : v. bereavement. 2. soli- 
 
 tudo: v. SOLITLDE. 
 
 desolation: |. As act or process.- 
 
 1. vastatio : v. devastation. 2. 
 
 vastitas: Liv. 3. solitiido: Liv.: v. 
 
 SOLITUDE, DESERT. ||. As state : V. 
 
 preced. art. 
 
 despair {subs.): desperatio: to fall 
 into the extremity of d.,Ad summani d. 
 pervenire, Cic. : to reduce any one to d.. 
 aliquem ad d. adducere, Cic. ; redigere, 
 ,Suet : utter d., ultima d., Tac. : also 
 rerum may be added, to make the idea 
 more complete: L. G. ij 59,. Phr. : 
 in d. of life, in extrema spe salutis, 
 Caes.: in d. of life, exspes vitao, Tac. 
 
 despair («•) •• 1. despero, I (foil, 
 by ahl. with de or alone ; also by the 
 ace. of that which is not hoped for, as, 
 desperare salutem ; by dat. of person 
 on whose belialf hope is giveti up ; by 
 occ. and inf.) : to d. of the state, de re- 
 publica d., Cic. : to d. of one's fortunes, 
 suis fortutiis d., Cic : to d. of oneself, 
 sibi d., Cic. ; he d.s of being able to en- 
 joy, desperat posse frui, Ov. : Cic. / do 
 not yet d. of Marcellinus, Marcellinum 
 nondum d., Sen. : Cic. : also ateol. : to 
 have some hope of {loinning) the tribune 
 of the plebs, to fuive d.'d of the senate, 
 spem habere a tribuno plebis, a senatu 
 desperasse, Cic. : impers. : 'tis base to d.. 
 turpiter desperatur, Quint. 2. speni 
 abjicio, perdo (loll, by gen.): Cic 
 P h r. : f do not altogether d.. nor do I 
 greatly hope, nee nulla spes (est), nee 
 magna, Cic. : / (to not d., (res) in spe 
 est, Cic. 
 
 despairing (adj.): 1. exspes 
 
 (jiom. otily) . V. HOPELESS. 2. de- 
 
 sperans (in some constr.): d. ertet, de- 
 
 sperantium clamor, querelae : v. L. d 
 } 6j8, Obs. 2. 
 
 despairingly: 1, despgranter: 
 Cic. 2. di-sperans (in agr. with sub- 
 ject ; V. L. G. y S4}) : to utrp d., 'despe- 
 rantem plorare. 3. ut in summam 
 (uliiraam) desperationem adductus: v. 
 
 DESPAIR. 
 
 despatch : . \. To send : L 
 
 mitto, misi, missuni, i: v. to sekd. 
 2. dimitto, misi, missum, { (m 
 diff. directions) : to d. letters through' 
 out the proviruxs, literas per omnee 
 provincias d., Caes. : Cic. : Liv. 3. 
 lego. I (to send ambassadors) : v. to 
 DEPtJTE. II, To fnish : 1. ab- 
 
 solve, solvl, sOliltum, } : to d. a great 
 deal in a few {aords), multa paucis ab., 
 .Sail.: V. TO FINISH. 2. coiificio, per- 
 
 flcio : V. TO ACCOMPLISH, CfJMPLCTK. 
 
 3. translgo, } : v. to settle. |||, 
 To kill : 1. conricio, j : tltot dagger 
 nearly d.'d me, me sica ilia paene con* 
 fecit, Cic. ; Suet. 2. interflcio, j : t. 
 
 TO KILL, DEATH, PUT TO. 
 
 despatch : I. ^''« act of send- 
 ing: 1. missio: Cic. 2. diraissio 
 {in diff. directions): Cic. 3. expr. 
 by part. : after the d. of lite letter, post 
 literas tabellario datas : v. to dispati^h. 
 II, The act of finishing : 1, ex- 
 secutio: the d. of business, instituti 
 operis ex., I'lin.: Tac. 2. conlecllo: 
 Cic : V. COMPLETION. 3. USU. belter 
 expr. by verb : skilled in the d. of busi- 
 nejis, rerum gerendarum peritus ; pnmxpl 
 in the d. of business, in rebus gerendis 
 promptus, Nep. : v. to despatch. |||. 
 Hasty execution : 1. maturitas : to 
 beg for d. of punishment, poeiiae m. prec- 
 arl, Suet. 2, expr. by maturo, i 
 
 (to use d.) : he thought he ought to use 
 d., maturandum ratus est, Liv. I' b r. : 
 there is need of d., mature facto opus 
 est. Sail. See also speed, haste. JV. 
 An official letter : 1. litfirae, arum, 
 Caes. : Tac. : v. letter. 2. fipistola 
 (like the former applicable to any 
 letter) : SueL : Tac. 3. maudatum ; 
 ii.s of the emperors {to governors, etc.), 
 m. Principum, Front. 4. rescnptum 
 (an imperial d. vriiten in answer to a 
 constdtatioyi) .• I'lin. Ep. 
 
 despatch-box : scrinium, capsa : ■ 
 
 DESK. 
 
 desperado: 1. homo desperatus . 
 cic. in Cat. 2. 5, 10. 2. homo cui 
 nique res iu'c|ue spes bona ulla. Sail. 
 Cat. 21. 3. perditiis civis : Cic-: 
 
 Sail. 4. parricida (strictly a parri- 
 cide; but applied to munierers in ge- 
 neral): Cic: Sail. 5. promptae au- 
 daciae (homo) : .Sail. 6. lairo, sicii- 
 rius: V. ROBBER, mckdkrer. Phr.: 
 bands of prolligates and d.s, omnium 
 flagitionmi atque raeinoriim catervae, 
 Sail. : the temper of a d., auUuus scele* 
 ribus paratus, Tac 
 
 desperate: I. ifopckss: L 
 
 desperatus: d. circumstances, res d., Cic: 
 the present state of affairs is still more 
 d., haec nunc multo desperaiiora, Cic. 
 2. extrcmus (in certain phr.): 
 in their d. case, in extremis rebus suls, 
 Caes. : to have recourse to d. measurtt, 
 ad extrema descendere, PoUio ap. Cic : 
 how often have ue l>ecn brought into i 
 peril, quoties in extrema periculonim 
 venlum est.' Liv. 3. ultlnnis (like 
 extremus); to try d. meusures. exj^eriri 
 ultima, Liv. ; in ultlmum consilium se 
 mittere. Son. Phr.: but if my ease it 
 d., sin plane peril, Cic. ||. Deriving 
 
 courage frrnn d'Sfiair : 'qui ex despe- 
 ratione vires sumit; desp«Tatione ac- 
 census (cf. Liv. }i, i?); cui vires addit 
 desperatio. |||. IV rv rfaii.(7«ioii,<t ; dis 
 crimuiis plenus ; periiulosus ; tenie 
 rarius : v. rash, hazardous ; and cximp. 
 supr. 1 ( fm.) 
 
 desperately : I. Taa degree for. 
 biddirtg hope: *lta. ut spes amittatur, 
 perdatur (desperate only in Aug.). ||, 
 
 With the courage of despair: with ex- 
 treme courage : pt■rti^^lcis^i^le. fortis- 
 slme : or more preclbCly, 'ut quibus 
 ipsa desperatiu aninium addit. |l|, 
 
 i'ehemenUy, very greatly : Phr.: (oM 
 201
 
 DESPERATION 
 
 DESTITUTE 
 
 DESTROYER 
 
 d. in love, perdite amare, Ter.; simly., 
 misere amare, deperire, PI. : d. angry, 
 iratissimus : v. angry, etc. 
 desperation : despt-ratio : Apui. : 
 
 V. DESPAIR. P h r. : she loves to d., 
 amore liaec perdita est, PI. : v. des- 
 perately. 
 
 despicable: 1. aspernaWlis, e: 
 Gell. 2. contemptus: v. contempti- 
 ble. 3. despicabilis, e : Anim 
 
 despise: 1. desplcio, spe.xi.spec- 
 turn, } (to Uiok down upon, hold t/ica/O ; 
 to d. tht sevatorian order, senatorium 
 ordinem d., Cic. Join: despiceie et 
 pro iiihilo putave, Cic. ; despicere atque 
 contemiiere, Cic. 2. sperno, sprevi, 
 spretum, } (mucli stronger): v. to 
 SCORN. Join: spernere et pro nihilo 
 putere, Cic. 3. aspernor, i (to hold 
 unworthy, reject rvith contempt) : to d. 
 any one from the heart, aliquem aninio 
 a., Cic. : v. to reject. 4. contemno, 
 lempsi, temptum, j (usu. with reference 
 to that which might appear lilcely to 
 call forth the opposite leeling): to d. 
 Hannibal, Hannibalem c, Cic. : to d. 
 riches, ujies c, Virg. Join: irridere 
 atque cuiuemnere; contenmere aique 
 rejicere, Cic. 5. temtio, ; (rare and 
 poet.) : Virg. 6. despicatui. con- 
 
 temptui habeo (=despicio, contemno) ; 
 V. cONTEiiiT. Other equir. phr. are: 
 parvi pendere; fiocci, pili, nihili fiicere, 
 etc. : V. TO hold (cheap) : to be d.d, 
 jacere. Cic. : Qv. 
 
 despised : spretus, contemptus, de- 
 spicatiis, hiimilis, jacens : v. to despise, 
 
 CONTKNI'TIBLE. 
 
 despiser: 1. contemptor (fem. 
 contemptrix, PI.): d. of ri':h<:s, diviti- 
 arura c, Liv. : I'ac. 2. spreior 
 
 (scirrner). Ov. 3. aspernalor, TerU 
 N.B. For syn. see to despise. 
 
 despite : maliHa, malignltas : v. 
 MALICE. Phr.: to do d. to any one, 
 *infense se gerere erga aliquem ; alicui 
 infense adversari ; contunielia,s facere : 
 in d. of gods and men, diis hominibus- 
 sue invitis, Cic. : v. spite of, in. 
 
 despitefuUy : infense, contfimeli- 
 
 Ose : V. INSULTINGLY, HOSTILELY. Phr.: 
 
 to treat d., injuriose tractare aliquem ; 
 injurias contunieliasque iniponere alicui, 
 
 Cic. : V. TO INJURE, ABUSE. 
 
 despoil: 1. spOlio, l (with ace. 
 and abl.) : v. TO ROB. 2. despolio, l : 
 to d. the tempU of Diana, Dianae tem- 
 plum d., Cic. 3. e.\.spJ)lio, i: to d. 
 Fompey of his army and province, ex- 
 ercitu et provincia I'ompeium ex., Cic; 
 Caes. 4. e.\uo, v. to strip. See also 
 
 TO PILLAGE, plunder. 
 
 despoiler ; spoliator, praedator, etc. : 
 
 V. plunderer, SPOILER. 
 
 despoliation: spsiiatio: v. spolia- 
 tion. 
 
 despond: 1. despondeo, spondi 
 
 and .-.pOponili, jponsiim, 2 (usu. with 
 animuni) : animum despondere, Liv. 
 (also despondere alone, Col.). 2. expr. 
 by animus with various verbs : animum 
 deraittere, Cic. ; abjicere, Quint. ; animo 
 (animis) cadere, Cic. : v. to discourage. 
 
 despondency : animi Intraciio, de- 
 missio, abjectio; animus jacens. demis- 
 suB, infractus : Cic. Phr.: to yield to 
 d., animum despondere, Liv. : v. dis- 
 coukagement. 
 
 desponding (o^i-) •• abjectus, de- 
 missus, jacens (with animus) : v. spirit- 
 less. Phr.: ve ought not thus to yield 
 to ad. temper, *noii ita unimis cadere 
 debemns. 
 
 despondingly : 1. abjecte: Cic. 
 
 2, animo demisso, intracto, etc. : 
 
 V. desponding. Phr.: he spoke d., *ita 
 
 locutus est ut qui animum desponderet : 
 
 v. TO DE.SPOND. 
 
 despot : 1. dominus : a d. is 
 
 vhat the Greeks call a tyrant, hie est 
 d. populi, qucm Graeci tyrannum vocant, 
 Cic. 2. rex, regis : a people that is 
 under a d. lacks freedom, deest populo 
 qui sub rege est libertas, Cic. (But in 
 the same connexion, it is mentioned that 
 there uas such a thing as limited mo- 
 ■nardiy: de Rep. 2, 24.) 3. tyran- 
 uus : V. supr. i and tyrant. 4. 
 
 20Z 
 
 expr. by circuml. : •cujus voluntas pro 
 legibus est. 
 
 despotic : 1. tyrannicus : v. 
 
 tyrannical. 2. reglus: v. kingly; 
 and comp. preced. art. 3. si'iperbus 
 (as when epiih. of the last king of 
 Rome) : v. overbearing, haughty. 
 Phr.: d. government, regnum, regale 
 genus reipublicae : v. despotism. 
 
 despotically: 1. lyrannice: V. 
 tyrannically. 2. siiperbe: v. ar- 
 rogantly, overbearingly. 
 
 despotism : 1. dSmlnatus, us ; 
 dominatio : Cic. : comp. despot (1.). 
 2. regniim (for the ancient mon- 
 archies were mostly despotic) : v. mon- 
 archy. 3, regia potesias, regale 
 imperium : v. despot (2). 
 
 dessert : 1. bellarla, orum : PI. : 
 Suet. 2. secunda mensa : / wrote 
 
 this to you at d., haec ad te scripsi ap- 
 posita secunda m., Cic. 
 
 destination: proposltum, destina- 
 tio: V. DESIGN, purpose. Phr.: the d. 
 of long pilgrimages, longariim meta 
 viaruni, \'irg. (v. goal) : very fen' ships 
 readied their d., perpaucae naves locum 
 ceperunt, Caes. : had we been able to 
 reach our d., si potulssemus, quo con- 
 tendimus, pervenire, Cic. : we have all 
 tlie same d., omnes eodem cogiraur, 
 
 Hor. : V. DESTINY. 
 
 destine: 1. destino, l- bottles 
 
 d.d for thee, cadi tibi destinati, Hor. : he 
 d.s me for the altar, me destinat arae, 
 Virg.: Cic: v. to appoint. 2. de- 
 signo, I : v. TO mark out. 3. prae- 
 stituo, J: v. to foreordain. Phr.: 
 we are d.d to die, debemur morti, Hor. : 
 see also foil. art. 
 
 destined, (part, adj.): 1. fatalis, 
 e (apfiotnted by fate): a year d. to the 
 destruction of the city, annus f. ad in- 
 teritum urbis, Cic. : the d. mouthy of a 
 river, f. flnminis ora, Ov. 2. debitus 
 (due, allvtted) : the Fates had fulfilled 
 the d. perioiis, tempora Parcae d. com- 
 plerant. Virg. 3. natus (made by 
 nature for a certain end; foil, by occ. 
 with ad, or dat.): nations d. to be slaves, 
 nationes n. servituti, Cic.; d. for these 
 times, n. ad baec tempora, Cic: also 
 with in: cups d.for the service of mirth, 
 n. in usum laetiliae scyphi, Hor. 
 
 destiny : 1. latum ; often in 
 
 pi. : V. FATE. 2. sors, sortis, /. : ig- 
 norant of d., ignarus fati sortisque fu- 
 turae, Virg.: v. lot. 3. Parca (d. 
 personified) : Hor. 
 
 destitute : 1. inops, opis (with 
 gen. or abl.): d. of refinement, humani- 
 tatis in., Cic. : not d. ofuords, non verbis 
 in., Cic. : also with ab : d. both in respect 
 of friends and of character, et ab amicis 
 et'ab e.xistimalione in., Cic. : absol. : to 
 comfort tiie i., inopes solari, Virg. 2. 
 egens, mis (a term of reproach): no- 
 thing could be mme d. than the condition 
 of the king, nihil egentius rege, Cic. : 
 slaves and d. persons, servi et egentes, 
 Cic. : d. of everything, e. omnibus re- 
 bus, Cic. : an utterly d. rake, ganeo 
 egentissimus, Cic. 3. destitiitus : 
 
 i. e. deprived of (with abl.) : v. to de- 
 prive. 4. inanis, e {empty, void): no 
 letter d. of some useful fact, nulla epis- 
 tola in. aliqua re utili, Cic. : a body d. 
 of breath, corpus animae inane, Ov. 
 5. expers, rtis (without any share 
 in: usu. with gen.; also abl.). a man 
 d. of all learnitig, vir omnis emditioiiis 
 ex., Cic. : d. of property, fortunis ex.. 
 Sail. 6. nudus (chiefly poet.) : d. old 
 age, n. senecta, Ov. : Cic. : d. of money, 
 n. nummis, Hor.: a death d. of fame, 
 mors famae inida, .Sil. : d. of lelatives, 
 n. a propinquis, Cic. 7. "rbus: v. 
 bereft. 8. viduus (poet. : lit. 
 
 widowed): lakes d. of Phoebus' light, 
 lacus V. a lumiiie Pboebi, Virg. a //o.-om 
 d. of love, V. pectus amoris, Ov. 9. 
 truncus (lacking a part n hich seisms lo 
 have been cut off) ■ froys d. of feet, 
 ranae pedibus tr., Ov. : also wiili gmi.: 
 Virg. Phr.. a man d. of Uuiic. homo 
 a dialecticis remotus, Cic. : to be d., 
 egere, with gen. or abl. (v. to want, 
 lack): was he d..i' nay he was rirh. 
 
 egebat? immo locuples erat, Cic: nor 
 are you in any way d., nee quicquam 
 eges, PI.: to be d. of sensati.n and life, 
 sensu et vita carere, Cic. : v. without 
 (to be) : d. condition, egestas, Cic. 
 
 destitution: 1. egestas (a con- 
 dition involving disgrace ; as in the case 
 of one who has wasted his substance) : 
 that poverty, or rather d. and beggary, 
 ista paupertas vel potius e. ac mendi- 
 citas, Cic. : to live in d., vitam degere 
 in e., Cic. 2. iiifipia (any want or 
 scarcity) : d. on the part of the Hhodians, 
 Rhodiorum in., Cic; to sink into shame- 
 ful d., ad pudendam in. delabi, I'ac : to 
 bring any one to d., in. alicui facere (af- 
 ferre), Tac. : v. want. 3. mendicitas: 
 V. BEGGARY. 4. solitiido (ot those 
 who are left without any helper or fup- 
 porter): Cic. (N.B. Not destitutio, 
 which is disappointment, abandon- 
 ment.) 
 
 destroy : 1. perdo, dldi, ditum, j 
 (to ruin in any way) : te d. ci ops (of 
 the atmosphere), p. fruges. Cic. : utterly 
 to d. the state, civitatem penitus p., Cic. : 
 V. to ruin. 2. everto, ti, sum, j 
 (strictly to overturn): completely lo d. 
 (or overturn) states, civitaies tunditus 
 e., Cic; Scipii) d'd Carthage, Scipio 
 Carthaginem evertii, Cic. : utleily to d. 
 virtue, virtutem penitus e., Cic. 3. 
 destruo, xi, ctum, } (to demolish a 
 structure) : to d. a ship, a building, 
 navem, aedificium d., Cic. Join: de- 
 struere ac demoliri, Liv. : v. to de- 
 molish. 4. perimo, eml, emptum, } 
 (tod. completely): Troy uas d.d, Troja 
 perempta est, Virg. ; seiisatinn being 
 utterly d.'d, sensu perempto, Cic. 5. 
 interimo, j (esp. to d. life): to d. life, 
 vitam int., PI. : to d. oneself, se int., 
 Auct. B. Afr. : v. suicide (to commit). 
 6. deleo, evi, etum, i (strictly to 
 blot out : hence esp. of total destructiwi 
 of cities, etc.) : Jove has often d.'d 
 cities, Jupiter saepe urbes delevit, Cic : 
 Carthage must be d.'d, delenda est C.ir- 
 thago, Cato : the enemy being dispersed 
 and almost d.'d, hostibus disper.->is ac 
 paene deletis, Caes.: to d. (a nation) 
 almost to extermination, d. prope ad 
 internecionem, Liv. 7. exsttngno, nxi, 
 nctum, i (strictly to extinguish : hence 
 quite to destroy) : the nobility d.'d many 
 people, nobilitas multos moriales ex- 
 siinxit, Sail.: Cic: to d. the odour of 
 garlic, odovem allii ex., Plin. 8. cor- 
 rumpo,riipi, ruptum, j (strictly, to spoil 
 completely) : they d. themselves and the 
 house with fire, doinum et semet igni 
 cornimpunt. Sail. : Tac. 9. consumo, 
 mpsi, mptum, ; (to use up completely) : 
 to d. one's patrimony by extravagance, 
 patrimonium per luxuriam c, Cic. : to 
 d. houses by fire, aedes incendio c, Liv. : 
 v. to consume. 10. toUo, sustuli, 
 sublatum, i (to make an ay with): our 
 ancestors utterly d.'d Carthage and 
 Numantia, miyores nostri Carthaginem 
 et Numantiam lundiius sustuleruni, 
 Cic: Hor.: tod. ami ime with the stL-ind, 
 aliquem ferro t., Cic. U. exscindu, 
 scidi, scissum, j (to rend to pieces: hence 
 to d. utterly) : to d. Fergamus, Pergania 
 ex., Virg. : Tac. 12. disturbo, dis- 
 jicio (violently to disarrange and break 
 up): V. to DEMOLLSH. 13, pessiimdo 
 (as one word or two), dedi, datiim, i, 
 irr. (to d. utterly) : to d. the state, rem- 
 publicam p.. Sail. 14. in pass.: 
 
 pereo, intereo, 4, irr.: v. to perish. 
 destroy oneself: v. .suicide. 
 destroyer : 1. eversor : the d. of 
 (aithage, Carthaginis e., yuint. 2. 
 exstinctor : the d. of h is country, patriae 
 ex., Cic. 3. confector : fre the d. 
 and consumer of all things, c. et con 
 simiptor omnium ignis, Cic. : d. of wild 
 beasts, ferarum c. Suet. 4. perdilor : 
 the d. of the republic, reipublicae p., 
 Cic. 5. pereniptor: d. of an illus- 
 trious king, inclyti regis p.. Sen. : 
 Apul. : fem. peremptrix. Ten. 6. 
 interemplor : d. of his master, int. heri 
 sui. Sen. Val. Max. : fem. intereniptrix, 
 Lact. : Tert. 7. occisor: v. slayer 
 8. subversor: v. overturneb. 9
 
 DESTROY ING 
 
 D E T A I L 
 
 DETERIORATE 
 
 deleter : but the ftm. deletrlx only 
 occurs: Clc. (For syn. see verb.) 10. 
 by meton., pemicies. ei : \errti the d. 
 o/ Sicil)/. Verres Siciliae pemicies, Oic. : 
 Ter. 11. pesiis: v. scourge, hlague. 
 
 destroying (Mj-) ■ v. des-tructive. 
 
 destructioility : fragUitas : v. 
 
 FBAiLTV. I'll r. the Epicureans belieix 
 in tlui d of all things, •Kpicurei omnia 
 intcrire puuiit. 
 
 destructible : 1. dcstructihuis 
 
 or destrucliiis: l^ct. : I'rud. 2. cor- 
 ruptibilis, e : Lact. 3. usu. better 
 expr. by verb; to be d., excldium pali, 
 interire, corrunipi : v. to destroy. 
 
 destruction : 1. pimkles, ei : to 
 rush up<iH evuient d., in ai)criam p. 
 incurrere, Cic. : to be bent on any one's 
 d., in p. alicigus iiicunibere, Cic. : comp. 
 destroyer (U). 2. eversiii (strictly 
 overturning) : the d. of tem}Aes. tern 
 plorum e.,'yiiliit. : Cic; d. of dignity, 
 dignitatis e., I'llu. ; Cic. 3. excidlum ; 
 the d. of Ugions, legioiiuin ex., lac. : 
 Hor. : Virg. (Kversio deiioR-s the act 
 cf destroying : excidium the desiriiction 
 as an event.) 4. e.xitium (sim. to 
 excidi\im) : lliey brood ocer the d. of this 
 city, lie liujus uibls ex. cogitant, Cic: 
 nature admits not of the d. of am/tUing, 
 nullius exiliuin palllur natura, Lucr. 
 
 5. Interims, us (a gen. term) : the 
 d. and end of all things, int. at<iue 
 obilus onniinm rerum, Cic. : the d. of an 
 army, exercitus int., Cic : the d. of Uie 
 toul, *animoruni int. : to be redtu:ed to 
 d., ad im. redigi, Cic. 6. occidio, 
 Snis, /. {by slaughter) : the caralry met 
 with utter d., equiiatus octidione oc- 
 cisus, Clc : Tac ; Just. 7. inter- 
 nficlo (utter d.): llu utter d. of an army, 
 exercitus int., Caes. : v. extermination. 
 
 8. funus, firis, n. (poet and rlietor- 
 }cal): the d. of the republic, reipublicae 
 f., Ciic. : the mournful d. of Troy, lacri- 
 mosa I'rojae funera, Hor. 9. oflen, 
 csp. after a prep., expr. by p. part, of 
 verbs under kestrov : after the d. if 
 Varthage, post delelam Carthaginem : 
 hy the d. of nunulity, moribiis corriim- 
 pendis, etc. 
 destructive : 1. pemtciosus 
 
 Caes.: Cic; Sail.: v. perniciod.s. 2. 
 exitiabllis, e : a nar d. towanls one's 
 01(71 citizens, bellum suis civibus ex., 
 Cic. 3. e.xTiialis, e : to have d. re- 
 suits, ex. exitus habere, Cic. 4. px- 
 iilosus : a d. conspiracy, ex. conjuratio, 
 Cic. : Tac. 6. fiinestus : d. Jires, f. 
 ignes, Cic. : Virg. : v. fatal. 6. 
 calimitosus : v. disastrous. 7. fu'- 
 mlneus (like lightning : poet.) : d. 
 Mnestheus, f. Mneslheus, Virg. : d tusk 
 (of the boar), f. dens, Phaedr. 8. dam- 
 Dosus: v. iNJURioua 9. €dax. acis 
 (puet.) ; the d. rain, imber edax, Hor. 
 
 destructively : pemiciose : Cic. ; 
 Phr. : (/. to yourself, cum tua pernicle 
 (tuo exitio, malo, etc.), Cic. 
 
 destructiveness: expr. by adj. or 
 subst. under destruction : how great is 
 thed. of war, *quantam pemiciem fert, 
 quam perniciosum est bellum. etc. 
 
 desuetude: desuetudo. Inis,/. (not 
 in Cic) : d. <f arms, armoruni d., Liv. : 
 to fall into d., in d. abire, Callistrat. dig. 
 Phr. : to fall into d., obsolescere, Cic. ; 
 exolescere, Col. ; desuefieri, Varr. ; in- 
 veterascere (rare in this sense), Cic. : 
 fallen into d., obsoletus, Cic; exoletus, 
 Liv.: Suet.: the word has fallen into 
 d., verbuni evanuii, Varr. : words of 
 ancient date and fallen into general d.. 
 verba prisca et ab usu qnotidiani ser- 
 nionis intermissa, Cic. ; verba quae ceci- 
 dere. Hor. 
 
 desultorily: 1. carptim (m d£- 
 taclted portions ; as opp. to regular con- 
 secutive treatment of a subject)' to study 
 liJera^ure <i..*literiscarpiiin iiicumbere ; 
 Uteris ouleiidis carptim ei (fua-si desultor 
 libroruni quis es--et, se dare. 2. vo- 
 latico inodo, nunc hue, nunc illuc : cf. 
 Cic. Att. u. 2^, Jin. Phr.: he reads too 
 d., *paruin coiitinuando libros legit ; 
 temere nee satis instituta railone libris 
 legendis incuinbit; quasi Ubrorum de- 
 suitor legit. 
 
 desultoriness ; ■'^'•0 inconstans, 
 
 temeraria, volatica aliquid facieiidi : v. 
 
 ntsULTORY, INCONSISTENT. 
 
 desultory : 1. inconstans : v. IN- 
 CONSTANT, CHANGEABLE. 2. leHlfi- 
 
 rarius (headUmg, inconsiderate) : Join ; 
 vaga, instabilis, temeraria (lectio), Krebs. 
 ap. R. and A. 3. volaticus : Cic. 
 
 (who so designates the Academy ; v. 
 DESULTORILY, 3). Phr.: lo make. d. 
 remarks, inordiiiata dicere, yuint. ; 
 ♦carptim nee satis continnata ratiuiie de 
 aliqua re dicere : he is a d. reader, 
 *quasi desultor libroruni est (the de- 
 sultor was a circus-rider ulut leapt 
 from horse to horse). 
 
 detach: I. ^o remove by break- 
 ing or tearing off : 1. defrlngo, fregi, 
 fractuni, } : U) d. sli/is (Irom a plant), 
 plantas d., Virg. : Cic. : v. to break 
 OFF. 2. abscindo, scldi, scissum, j: 
 to d. slips from tlie parent trunk, plantas 
 abs. de corpore inalrum, Virg. 3. 
 avello, velli or viilsi. vulsuni, } : apples 
 are with difficulty d.'d front tiees, if un- 
 ripe, poma ex arboribus, si cruda sunt, 
 vix avelliintur, Cic. : rocks d.'d by force 
 from mountains, saxa montlbus avulsa, 
 Liitr. : v. TO PLUCK, rend (away). 4. 
 divello, ?; v. TO tear asunder. 5. 
 abslraho, j ; v. to drag away. ||, 
 
 To separate-; esp. to alienate: 1. dis- 
 Jungo, xi, ctum, j : Caesar has d'd 
 Fompey from me, Caesar Pompeium a 
 niea familiaritate disjunxit, Cic. : to d. 
 ourselves from the body, d. nos a a)r- 
 poribus, Cic. 2. sejungo, } : v. T<j 
 SEPARATE. 3. divello, J (implying 
 force) : to d. ivisdirm from pleasure, 
 sapientiam a voluptaie d., Cic. 4. 
 disiraho, xi, ctum, } (stronger than di^- 
 junpo ; weaker than divello) : uhy 
 
 vouid I try to d. him (I'ompey) from 
 him {I'aesar), quid ego ilium ab eo d. 
 coner ? Cic. 5. rgmOveo, amoveo, 2 : 
 
 V. TO REMOVE. 6. avf)CO, I : to d. 
 
 philosophy from mysterious subjects, 
 philosophiam a rebus occultis a., Cic. : 
 lo d. any one from (intimacy u-ith) an- 
 other, aliqueni ab alicujiis conjunctione 
 a., Cic. III. To part off a certain 
 number of soldiers : perh. deligo, } : v. 
 TO PICK OUT, SELECT. (But USU. mitto, 
 to send, may suffice.) |V. To deUch 
 oneself: expr. by pron. refl. with the 
 alx)ve verbs, or by the pa^sive (middle) 
 voice : it easily d.'s itself, facile relring- 
 itur, etc. 
 
 detached (part, adj.) : separatus, 
 sejunctus: v. separate. Phr.: in d. 
 portions, carptim : to write Roman his- 
 Urry in d. portions, c scribere res Ro- 
 manas. Sail. : the men nere dismissed in 
 small d. parties, milites cirptim ac 
 pauci uno tempore diniissi sunt : cf. 
 Tac. Hist. 4,46. 
 
 detachment: I. ''''>« act <>/ *■ 
 
 twiiing or sejtaration : sejunctio, se- 
 paratio : v. separation. Phr.: by the 
 d. of the equites from the senate, equi- 
 tibus a senatu disjiinctis, avocatis ; v. to 
 DETACH (11.). II. A body of troops : 
 1. miinus, lis, /. : v. band, co.m- 
 PASY. 2. purs, rtis, /. : to divide 
 forces into four d.s. copias in qualuor 
 partes distribuere. Sail. : v. division. 
 Phr. ; he sends ivith him a d. of 200 
 horse, 'addit equites ducentos : a picked 
 d., del<'Ctl milites : v. select. 
 
 detail (i') : 1. enarro, i : to d. a 
 matter in due order, rem omnera ordine 
 e., Ter. : v. to relate. 2. explico, 
 I : to expand and d., dilatare alque ex., 
 Cic: Nep. : v. to unkold. 3. ex- 
 sfquor, seciitus, j (esp. with omnia) : 
 Liv. : v. detail (suIiS.). 
 
 detail (subs.), chiefly used in pl.i 
 singaiae res, or slngfila, orum, n. pi. : 
 the material is in its d.s so great, etc., 
 in singulis rebus ejusmodi materies est. 
 etc., Cic. : to go Uimuyh d.s, per singula 
 ire, Quint. ; singula persequl, Sen 
 Phr : in detail, singulatim. Suet. ; par- 
 ticulatiin, Anct. ad Her. : to irrite in d. 
 a history of the Hom-in /jeople, res po- 
 puli Koniani per.scril)ere Liv.: to ex- 
 amine (things) in d. and collectively, 
 singula intueri et universs, Liv.: to 
 
 enter into d.,de singulis agere, Cic. : to 
 be cut off in d., *carptim perire ; v. de- 
 ta< hed. 
 
 detailed (part, adj.): Phr.: a d. 
 account, enarratio, Ijulnt. : to give a d. 
 account, v. preced. aru 
 
 detain : 1. tfineo, ui, ntum, 2 J 
 was d.'d at Koine by my TuUia's lon- 
 ftnement, lenuit me Komae Tulliae nieae 
 partus, 'Jic. : / will not d. you furtttcr. 
 noli tenebo te pluribus, Cic. 2. r*- 
 tineo, 1 (to keep from going on): unlett 
 they have already set out, you uiU d. the 
 men, nisi Jam profecti sunt, reilnebis 
 homines, Clc. : v. to hold back. 3. 
 detineo, 1 (more usu. to occupy, mgayr) 
 I uns d.'d by illness, morbus uie de- 
 tinuit, Ter. 4. lardo, rfitardo, i v. 
 to delay. See also clstody (to keep 
 
 IN). 
 
 detainer : expr. by verb : v. preocd. 
 
 art. 
 
 detainment : v. detentios. 
 
 detect : 1. dcprehendo, dl, sum, 
 J (to catch or find out in d/Ang what u 
 crimiTial) : to d. an attempt at poison- 
 ing, venenum d. (also compreheiidere). 
 Cic. : palpably to d. in crime, m lacinore 
 manifesto d. (also compreheiidere), Cic : 
 
 V. TO CATCH, FIND OUT, 2. Cimiprc- 
 
 hendo, J (less freq. in this sense): Cic. 
 (v. supr.) 3. invSnio, 4 : v. to dis- 
 cover. 4. compfirlo, pfiri, perium, 
 4. all these (machinatiims) I have d'd, 
 haec ego omnia comperi, Clc : v. 10 
 FIND out. 5. piitfilScIo, feci, etc, I 
 (in gen. sense, to Uiy open, reveal) : if 
 this is concealed I am in fear, if d.'d in 
 disgrace, si hoc celatur in metu sum, 
 si patefit, in probro, Per. : to ixpUire 
 d., bring to view, indagare, p , prolerre, 
 Cic (N.B. Not det»-go, unless the 
 sense is to reveal, disclose: as, children's 
 characters are d.'d in their play, mores 
 l>uerorum inter ludendum se dete- 
 gunt.) 
 
 detection: 1. deprehensio (rare) : 
 Cic. 2. expr. by verb; the d. of the 
 conspiracy is due to you, •tuae laudifl 
 est quod deprehensa (pait-lacia) est con- 
 juratio : not fearing guilt but d., •non 
 tie noceret sed ne nocens drprehend- 
 eretur veritus. 
 
 detective : Phr.: ad officer, Inqui- 
 sitor: V. Suet. Caes. i. 
 
 detention: 1. retemio (keeping 
 back): Cic. 2. expr. Iiy verb;. /ear- 
 ing d., metuens ne teiieretur, retlnere- 
 tur, etc. ; v. to detain. 
 
 deter: 1. deU-rreo, 2 (In positive 
 sentences usu. foil, hy ne or prep. : in 
 negative ones especially, by quomiiius. 
 and in PI. by quin); to d. any one from 
 selling by auction, allquem d. ne auc- 
 liunetur, Cic. : nor do I seek to d. you 
 fnrm so arguing, neque le deterreo quo- 
 minus id disputes, Cic. : to d. men Jmm 
 writing, homines a scr1l)endo d., Cic : 
 rarely with infin. : Clc. ; also absol. : to 
 d. men by the greatness of danger, ho- 
 mines magniludine penculi d., Caes. 
 2. terreo, 2 (same coiistr.) : to d.from 
 trying to regain freeilom. a repetenja 
 liiiertate t., Sail.:' tod. them J rom pur- 
 suing, quominus insequereniur d , CacB. 
 3, absterreo, 2 (same constr.) : Cic: 
 Tac. ' 4. depello, piili. pulsnni, } (to 
 induce to give up, to dissuwie) : d.'d 
 from his undertaking, de conatu de- 
 "pulsus. Cic. : V. TO DIVERT. 5. averto. 
 } : V. TO DIVERT. See also TO i.<ti>iidaTE. 
 6, inovfo. 2 : V. TO influenck 
 
 detergent (adj)-- smtcUcus, Plji. 
 As subs., smegma, ills, n. : Plin. Phr.: 
 d. iiualities. vis smectica, Plin. 
 
 deteriorate (") : I. Trans.: 
 comimpo ; depravo ; '.n p-Jus muto; 
 deterioreni reddo: v. to ixiRRin. mar. 
 II. Intrans. : 1. a>rrunipor, 
 niptus, J : the Roman people has so dbi 
 untler the influence of largesses, P. R. 
 ita largitionibus corniptus est, Sail, in 
 Cic: Cic. 2. delSrior fio. factus, 
 
 I iSri : v. worse, and to hECOMF. 3. 
 lalKir, lapsus, j : discipline gradually 
 rfj, 1. paulUtim disciplina, Liv.: more 
 tiiUy. in viiium labiiur, Hor. Phr.: 
 rapidly to d., In pqus ruere, Virg.
 
 DETERIORATED 
 
 DETRACT FROM 
 
 DEVELOPE 
 
 deteriorated ( part, adj.) : 1. cor- 
 raptus {spoilt, or in any way marred) : 
 Cic. 2. pejor (faclus, redditus): v. 
 WORSE. 3. decSlor (poet.) : a d. age, 
 d. aelas, Virg. 
 
 deterioration : depravatio, comiptio 
 (rather stronger than the Eng.) : v. COR- 
 RUrTiON. Phr. ; the d. of moraU in- 
 creases day by day, mores deteriores 
 increbrescuut in dies, PI. : to be in a 
 state of d., deteriore condiiione esse, 
 
 Liv. : V. DECAY. 
 
 determinate : certus : v. fixed, de- 
 
 FINITE. 
 
 determination: I. The act of 
 
 marking out by boundaries : 1. de- 
 finitio : Cic. 2. temijnatio : Inscr. 
 ap. Grut. 3. Umitatio : Col. ||, 
 A judicial decision : judicium, discep- 
 talio, arbitrium : v. judgment, deci- 
 sion. III. A decision of the mind: 
 
 1. consilium : my d. is to do so, 
 consilium est ita facere, Cic. : v. deskin. 
 
 2. inductio (deliberate) : to depend 
 tipon the d. of the mil, in quadam animi 
 Inductione atque voluntate positum esse, 
 Cic. 3. institutum : v. plan, pkr- 
 POSE. 4. voluntas (esp. in combina- 
 tion with some word denoting the mind) : 
 V. supr. (2): to arrive at this d., banc 
 mentem v.que suscipere, Cic. 5. 
 mens, ntis,/. (in certain phr. : v. preced. 
 ex.): the gods inspired mc with this d., 
 dii me in banc m. impulerunt, banc mihi 
 m. injecerunt,dederunt, Lie. 6. senten- 
 tia (\cay of thinking, resolutum): ifo)ie's 
 d. be to defend honour, si bonestatem 
 tueri senteritia est, Cic. : v. opinion. 7. 
 certum (with est, and dat. of person): 
 it is my deliberate d. to say, etc., (mihi) 
 c. est deliberatumque dicere, etc., Cic. : 
 it is (his) obstinate d., c. atquc obsti- 
 natum est (ei), Liv. : Ter. : PI. 8. 
 decretum : only of the d. of official pei-- 
 sons or bodies: v. decision. See also 
 PURPOSE, DESIGN. |V. i" abstr. sense, 
 resolutum, firmness: animi finnitas, con- 
 stantia ; tenax propositi mens : v. firm- 
 ness, decision. V. The act. qf direct- 
 ing to an end : Phr.: the d. of the n-ill, 
 "inductio voluntatis, cf. supr. (111. 2); 
 ur as purely philos. t. t. : *deteruiinatio 
 voluntatis. 
 
 determine: I. To limit: finio, 
 
 definio, determino: v. to bound. j|. 
 To make a legal determination : dis- 
 cepto, judico, decide, statuo : v. to de- 
 cide, JUDGE. III. To make up one's 
 mind, come to a determination to do 
 something: 1. statuo, i, utum, j (foil, 
 by inf. or ut, ne with subj., of nun-e 
 formal determination) : he had delibe- 
 rately resolved not to be present, statu- 
 erat et deliberaverat non adesse, Cic. 
 2. constitno, j (same constr., but 
 more often with ut) : / had d.d to re- 
 main, constitueram ut manerem, Cic. : 
 Caes. 3. decerno, crevi, cretum (usu. 
 with inf. when one's own conduct is that 
 which is determined on): Caesar had 
 did to cross the Rhine, Caesar Rhenuni 
 transire decrevi'rat, Caes. : Cic. 4. 
 anirauni or in aninium indiico, xi, ctuni, 
 J (foil, by inf. or ut, ne, with subj.): 
 let them d. to despise riches, inducant 
 an. opes contemnere, Cic. : / vill d. to 
 defend his life, in an. inducam ejus 
 vitam defendsre, Cic. : to d. to, etc., in- 
 ducere an., ut etc., Cic. ; in an. inducere, 
 ut etc., Liv. Phr : / have d.d, mihi 
 certum est, Cic. (v. preced. art. lil. 7) : 
 to d. upon a plan, lationem instituere, 
 Caes.: Cic. |V. To settle some ques- 
 tion : statuo, decerno : v. to settle, 
 decide. v. To influence : addHco, 
 induce (v. supr. 111. 4) : v. TO induce, 
 
 INFLUENCE. 
 
 determined (.part, adj.) .- |. 
 
 Fixed : fixus, certns, etc. : v. FIXED. 
 II. Of persons, having the mind 
 made up : certus : d. to go, certua eundi, 
 Virg. : d. to die, c. mori, Virg. : d. to 
 abandon life, vitae relinquendae c, 
 Tac. : comp. determination (II L 7). 
 But in most cases expr. by verb : as, 
 being d. to do so, quum decrevissel : v. 
 
 TO DETERMINE (111.). |||. KeSoUlte, 
 
 decided : 1, firmus : a man most d. 
 Z04 
 
 %vhen he has orux adopted a cause, vir in 
 suscepta causa firmissimus, Cic. : you do 
 not defend the right in a d. manner, 
 non firmus rectum defendis, Hor. 2. 
 constans : v. resolute, decided. 3. 
 obstinatus (also in bad sense) : but mth 
 d. spirit endure, scd obstinata mente 
 perfer. Cat. : Cic. : Liv. 4. pertinax 
 (also in bad sense) : d. valour, p. virtus, 
 Liv. 5, strenuus : v. brave, reso- 
 lute. Phr.: to offer a d. resistance, 
 fortiter, firmiter, pertinaciter resistere : 
 
 V. resolutely, BRAVELY'. 
 
 determinedly: fortiter, firmiter, 
 
 etc.: V. preced. art. (./in.) 
 
 detersive : smecticus : v. deter- 
 gent. 
 
 detest: 1. i^di, osus; intens., 
 pgrosus, e.\osus, defect. : v. to hate. 
 2. abhon-eo, 2 (with arc. or ab and 
 06?.) :"v. TO ABHOR. 3. detestor, e.x- 
 secror, i : v. to execrate. 4. abo- 
 minor, i (strictly, to deprecate as a bad 
 omen): Hannibal d.'d of parents, abo- 
 minatus parentibus Hannibal, Hor. : 
 Liv. 5. aversor, i (to turn away o)ie's 
 face in loathing) : to d. the sight of ami 
 one, aspectum alicujus a., Tac. 6. "i 
 pass. : odio esse : how d.'d is crw.Uii, 
 quanto odio sit crudelitas, Cic: v. to 
 hate. 
 
 detestable : odiosus, detestabnis, 
 foedus : V. hateful, execrable. 
 
 detestably : odiose, quod odio sit : 
 V. hatefully. 
 
 detestation : 1. Cdium summum, 
 acerrimum : v. hatred. 2. detesta- 
 tio, exsecratio : v. execration. 
 
 dethrone: regno expellere, Caes.: 
 regno detriidere, Nep. ; regno spoliare, 
 Veil, (all denoting violence) : regnum 
 alicui adimere (by any mtans) : regno 
 multare, regnum alicui abmgare, based 
 on Cic. (by legal sentence) : solio pellere, 
 depelleie, are poet. When ihe king is 
 at the same time expelled, ejicere, expel- 
 lere : Liv. 
 
 dethronement : regni ademptio : 
 but usu. better expr. by verb : after the 
 d. of the Tarquins, post reges ejectos, 
 Liv. 
 
 detonate : crepare, cum fragore ex- 
 silire : v. to crack, kxpix)de. 
 
 detonating: quoddisplosumcrepat: 
 cf. Hor. Sat. i, 8, 46. (As 1. 1, detonans, 
 ntis.) 
 
 detonation : fragor, crepitus : V. 
 explosion, crack. 
 
 detour : 1. circultus, lis : to make 
 a d. (with, an army) of more than 40 
 miles, millium amplius quadraginta cir- 
 cuitu exercitum ducere, Caes. : Curt. 
 (Not circuitio, which is a going tlie 
 rounds.) 2. ambitus, iis : by a long 
 d., longo a., Liv. : v. circuit. 3. 
 
 flexus, us : to make a d. into Armenia, 
 Anneniam flexu petere, Tac. Phr.: 
 to make a d. (of a general), agmen cir- 
 cumducere, Liv.; flectere viam, Liv.; 
 flectere iter, Caes. (both less exact than 
 the preceding). 
 
 detract from : 1. detraho, xi, ctum, 
 } (with deand abl.): to d. at all from 
 our goodwill, quicquam de nostra bene- 
 volentia d., Cic. : to d. from a person's 
 character, and involve him in unpopu- 
 larity, de aliquo d., et eum in invidiam 
 vocare, Cic. 2. derogo, i (with ace. 
 
 and dat or abl. with de): to d. from 
 any one's credit, fidem alicui d., Cie. : 
 to d. somewhat from the magnificence, 
 de magnificentia quiddam d., Cic. 3. 
 imminuo, i, iitum, j (to diminish : w ith 
 de and abl. or occ.) : to d. someuhat 
 from the enjoyment, im. aliquid de 
 voluptate, Cic. : to d. from any one's 
 praise, laudem alicujus im., Cic. : v. 
 to diminish. 4. decerpo, psi, ptum, 
 J (with de and abl. : less freq.) : lest 
 a joke should d. at all from his 
 gravity, ne quid jocus de gravitate 
 decerperet. Cic. 5. delibo, t (lit. to sip 
 a little: w ith de) : to d. someivhatfrom 
 one's oum glory, aliquid de gloria sua d., 
 Cic. 6. detracto (-trecto), 1 (wiih dai. 
 or cux.) : to d.from oneself, sibi d., .Sen. : 
 envy d.s from virtues, invidla virtutes 
 d., Liv. 7. obtrecto, 1 (with dat.: 
 
 esp. of depreciatory language) : that the 
 general's praises might be d.'d from, ut 
 obtrectaretur laudibus ducis, Liv. : v 
 to carp at. 8. el6vo, i (lit. to make 
 light : with ace.) : you d. from your 
 authority, vos auctoritatem vestram e., 
 Liv. : to d. from any m\e's glorious 
 deeds, alicujus praeclara facta e., Liv.: 
 V. to disparage. 
 
 detraction: obtrectatio (from ri- 
 valry and ill-feeling) : Cic. : v. dis- 
 paragement. 
 
 detractor : obtrectator : the d.s and 
 enviers of Scipio, ob. et invidi Scipioni.s, 
 Cic. : yuint. : v. disparager. (Or expr. 
 by part. etc. of verbs under detract: 
 to care little for d.s, obtrectantes parvi 
 facere, obtreciantium clamores negligere ; 
 see L. G. $ 658.) 
 
 detriment : detrlmentum, incom- 
 mOdum, damnum : v. damage, hcri, 
 LOSS. Phr.: without d. to, salva, In- 
 tegra, incolumi aliqua re (abl. absol.) : 
 Cic. 
 
 detrimental : expr. by dat. of de. 
 trinientum, incommodum : to he d. to 
 a>iy one, alicui detrimenlo esse, Caes. : 
 V. L. G. $ Z(f]. 
 
 detrition : expr. by verb: gold suf- 
 fers Die least d. possible from use, aurum 
 quam minime usu deteritur, Plin. : v. 
 TO rub (away). 
 
 detrude : v. to thrust down, dis- 
 place. 
 
 detruncated (part, adj.) .- tmncus. 
 truncatus: v. truncated, mutilated. 
 
 detruncation : truncatio, detrun- 
 catio : v. mutilation. 
 
 deuce : i- e. tivo in dice : binio, Onis, 
 m. : Isid. As exclamation : malum ! 
 i'er. : v. hanged (be), plague. 
 
 deuterogamist : *deuter6gamus, m. 
 
 and /'. ; (Sevrepoya/iios, o, tj) : or by 
 circuinl., *qiii (quae) secundas nuptias 
 honestas putat; qui (quae) ad secundas 
 nuptias si' applicai. 
 
 deuterogamy : deuterOgamia (&€v 
 Tipoyaixia.) : or by circuml., secimdae 
 nuptiae. , 
 
 deuteronomy : deuteionoraium : 
 Lact. 
 
 devastate : 1. vasto, 1 (to render 
 waste and desolate) : Join: vastare 
 atque praedari, Caes. ; v. et diripere, 
 V. atque exinanire (agros), Cic. ; v. atque 
 popular!, Hirt. The comps. devasto. 
 pervasto (to d. completely), also occur : 
 Liv. 2, populor, also piipulo, act., i 
 (strictly, to rid of inhabitants) : the city 
 of Rome vas dd by the icrath of the 
 gods (by a pestilence), urbem Ronianam 
 ira deorum populari, Liv. : but the dep. 
 form is more usual, to d. lands, agros 
 populari, Caes. : Cic. Conips., depopulor 
 (to d. utterly) : Caes. ; also pei-popuior 
 (in same sense) : Liv. 3. exinanio, 4 
 (to empty of everything) : Cic. (v. supr. 1). 
 See also devastation. 
 
 devastation: |. Asac<; 1. 
 vastatio ; universal d., v. omnium, Cic. : 
 Liv. : V. ravage. 2, p5pillatio (for 
 syn., see verb): Caes. ||. As state: 
 i. vastitiis : to jrroduce d., v. effi' ere, 
 Cic. ; V. reddere, Liv. 2. vastitudo 
 (rare) : old form of prayer in Calo. 3. 
 excldium: v. destruction. 
 
 devastator: 1. popiilator (/, 
 pbpulatrix, Stat. : Claud.: Mart): a.S 
 of lands, agrorum populatores, Liv.: 
 Atrides d. of Troy, Trojae p. Atrides, 
 Ov. 2. vastator (f., vastatrlx, icis, 
 Sen.) : the d. of Arcadia, Arcadiae v^ 
 CK-. : V. waster, ravager. 
 
 develope : I. To unfold, expand 
 in vords: 1, explico, ui and avi, 
 itum and atum, i ■ to expand and d. 
 (opp. to compress, condense), dilatare et 
 
 ex., Cic. : V. TO EXPL.^IN, EXPOUND. 
 
 2. evolvo, vi, vOlutum, }: v. to 
 UNFOLD. 3. expliino, enodo, i : v. to 
 EXPLAfx. 4. dilaio, I : V. TO expand, 
 enlarge. II. 'Jo unfold in action : 
 
 1. explico, 1 : Diere they would d. 
 the remainder of their plan, ibi se reli- 
 quum consilium explicaturos, Caes. (who 
 often uses the word). 2. expgdio, 
 
 4 (strictly, to disengage of obstacles) : t( 
 d. one's plains, cousilia sua ex., Tac
 
 DEVELOPEMENT 
 
 DEVOTE 
 
 DEVOTION 
 
 Cic. : to d. his cnmmissariat, rem fru- 
 menUriain ex., Caes. |||, To bring 
 out ; uvjuld the resources nf : 1. 
 
 educo, I : to d. and strengthen what 
 already exists, quae jam orla siinl e. 
 atque conOrmare, Clc. : v. to edccatk, 
 BEAR. 2. excito, I (to mU forth) : 
 
 tod. bodily force, ex. corporis virlutem, 
 Veil. : to d. Tifw shoots by culture, nova 
 sarmenU culiura ex., Clc. : to d. minds 
 to any purpose, ingenia ad aliquam rem 
 ex., Liv. : to d. the resources of a nation, 
 •populi vires ex. atque elicere : v. to 
 BRING OUT. 3. aii>, alui, allium and 
 altura, } : the human mind is d.d by 
 study, mens honiiuis disccndo alitur, 
 Cic: V. TO NOUKisH. 4. nutrlo, 4: 
 
 V. TO KOCRISH. 5. exifilo, J ; V. TO 
 
 Cultivate. 6. amplifico, i (to in- 
 crease largely) ; the Academy d.d (hat 
 potver of discussion, earn facultatem 
 dis&erendi amplicavit Acadeiiiia, Cic. 
 P h r. : to d. the lesounes and virtuts 
 of a natitm, r<-mpul)liami ita adminis- 
 trare (mi/derari) ut opibus finna, copiU 
 locuples, virtute llllne^ta sit, cf. Cic. Att. 
 8, II, ad init. (see also supr. 2): it is 
 hardly credible how mticli of arrogance 
 and sottifhiiess d.d itself in Vitellius, 
 vix credibile est quantum superbiae 
 socordiaeque Vitellio adoleverit, lac. : 
 all things d. tlMmaelves by litlU and 
 little, omnia paullatim crescunt, Lucr. : 
 ij'his virtues had d.d themsehvs, si vir- 
 tutes ejus niaturuissent, Plin. (v. to 
 rU'EN): to d. titemstives and groiv (of 
 natural products), maturata pubescere, 
 Cic: a eomnuniiiealth that has fully 
 d.d itself, respublicaadulia ei Jam firma 
 atque robusta ; populus adullus jam et 
 [paene] pulier, Cic 
 
 developement : \.ne act of un- 
 folding : e.\plicatio : Cic. ||, Growth 
 and increase : auetus, us : v. inckease. 
 Phr. : to condu e very greatly to the d. 
 of a noble disposition, ma.xlma incre- 
 menta egregiae iudolis dare. Just. : to 
 attain full d., maturcscere, ailolescere : 
 V. TO DEVELOPE. ||1. The unfolding 
 of events : 1* h r. ; to iiait for the d. of 
 events, *expectare eventum ; expeciare 
 dum se aperiat exitus rerum : v. issue, 
 
 EVENT, COUKSE. 
 
 deviate; I. I-i i t- : to '""' aside 
 from a certain path : 1. dgclino, i 
 (both with pron. relt., and as intraiis.) : 
 to d. from a straight line, sese recta 
 regione viai d., Lucr. (in which sense 
 Cic. has (leclinare as intrans.) : to d. a 
 little from the road towards the right, 
 paulum ad dexteram de via d., Cic. 2. 
 decedo, ssi, ssum, j : to d.from the way, 
 de via d., Cic. ; via d.. Quint. 3. de- 
 grgdior, gressus, j : not to d. from the 
 road at all, nil via d., Liv. (or with de, 
 ab). 4. deflecto, xi, xum, j : v. to 
 TURN ASIDE. Phr.: not to d.from a 
 course, tenere cursum, Caes. ||, 
 
 Fig.: to act in violation of : 1, dis- 
 cedo, ssi, ssum, } : to d. from one's 
 cusioM, ab consuetudine sua d., Cic. : 
 Twt to d. a hair's (nail's) breadth from 
 the rule of conscience, a recta conscientia 
 transversum unguem non d., Cic. (or 
 transversum ut aiunt d., Cic). 2. 
 decedo, j : in this sense probably only 
 with (de) via: v. supr. (1. 2). 3. 
 
 decline, i : to d. from duty, a religione 
 officii d., Cic. 4. degrcdior, j : to 
 
 d. from duty, officio d., Ter. : v. to 
 DIGRESS. 5. erro, iberro : v. Tp err, 
 
 STRAY. 
 
 deviation : 1. decllnatio : Cic. 
 
 2, excessus, us : v. iiErARTiBE. 
 
 3, delictum (o d. from moial 
 duty) : V. fault, offence. 4. ^'<''y 
 often expr. by verb : not to be guilty if 
 Che least d. from, etc., ne minimum 
 quidem discedere ab, etc. : v. pieced, 
 art. 
 
 device : !• ■'l" emblem : insigne, 
 is, n. : Gallic arms and d.s, Gallica 
 arma atque ins., Caes. ||. .1 motto : 
 ajjigramma, iiiscriptio : v. inscriitiox. 
 III. A contrivance : artiriciuni, con- 
 wlium (callidum), d6ius, machioa : v. 
 
 C»NTRrVASCE, ARTIFICE. 
 
 devil: 1. ifiabdlus: Lact: Tert. 
 
 2. daemon, 6nis, m. ; v. demon. 
 Phr.: talk of trie d. and his lun-ns will 
 appear, lupus In sennone, PI. ; lupus in 
 fabula, Cic. 
 
 devilish: I. Lit.: 1. diawiii- 
 
 cus Paul. Nol. 2. daem6iilacus ; 
 
 Lact. 3. daemontcus, Tert. 4. 9^"- 
 of dial>olus : all d. artifwe, *omnia dia- 
 lioli arliticia, dUi. ||, KlR. : abomi- 
 nable : scfile.stus, scClSratus atque impius 
 (Lucr.). nffandus: v. abominable. 
 
 devilishly : *diab6nce (usu. better. 
 scelCrale, gccleratissinie, nCfandS) : v. 
 
 WICKEDLY, ABOMINABLY. 
 
 devil- worshipper : daemSnIcOla, 
 
 m. and/. : Aug. 
 
 devious : 1. devlus (more freq. 
 in sense of out of the way) : d. paths, 
 d. tramites. Suet. 2. vagus : v. 
 
 WANDERING. 3. erratlcus: Cic. (who 
 uses it of the rambling growth of the 
 I'ine). 
 
 devise (i') •■ I. I'o invent, think 
 out : 1. excoglto, I : what eril or 
 
 guilt could be imagined or d.d, which, 
 etc., quid mali aut sceleris fingi aut ex. 
 potest, Cic. : many plans were d.d for 
 (gratifying) their avarice, multa ad 
 avaritiam excogitabantur, Caes. 2. 
 comminiscor, mentus, ? (esp. of what is 
 false) : to d. a lie, mendacium c, PI. : 
 'to d. so outrageous a crime, taiitum 
 facinus c, Quint. 3. cominentor, i 
 (like preci'd., of which it is a frequent.) : 
 to d. some plan whereby, etc., c. qua 
 ratione, etc, Cic : PI. 4. fing". n'*'. 
 ctum, J : V. TO frame, imagine. 5. 
 concOquo, j (in bad sense) : v. TO con- 
 coct. 6. molior, 4 (implying laborious 
 effort) : to d. evil against any one in 
 secret, insidias alicui m., Virg. Join: 
 struere et moUri (allquid calamitate 
 alicui), Cic. 7. repgrio, 4 : v. to in- 
 vent. II, To leave by will : lego, i : 
 
 V. to BEQUEATH. 
 
 devise (subs.) .- |. The art of be- 
 qwathing : expr. by lego : by this d. of 
 his property, *quura rem fainlliarem ita 
 lestamento legassct: v. to be<jueath. 
 II. That which is bequeathed : le- 
 gatiini : v. legacy, will. 
 
 devisee : legatarlus. Suet. (/. lega- 
 taria. Ulp.). 
 
 deviser : 1. inventor: d. of 
 
 crimes, scelerum inv., Virg. 2. ex- 
 cogitator, Quint, 
 
 devoid: expers (with gen. or abl.), 
 vacuus, liber (with abl.): v. de-stitute 
 of, ^ DID of. free from. To be d. of, 
 vacare, carere : v. to lack, be wmiouT. 
 
 devolve : I. Trans.: to deliivr 
 over: 1. defPro, tuli. latum, }: lie 
 d.d on him all his ouii authority, 
 omnem ei siiam auctorit^itom detulit, 
 Cic: also with ad and ace, Cic. 2. 
 perniitto, misi, missum, } : to d. au- 
 Ihoriti/ upon the consuls, potestatem 
 consuiibus p., Sail. 3. committo, 
 
 commendo : v. to commit, entrust. 
 II. Intrans.: tocome to in the 
 course of inheritance : to rest upon : 
 1. pervenlo, veni, ventum, 4: to d. 
 to ariy one (of property), ad aliquein p., 
 Cic. : let the power d. on them, sine ad 
 illos p. potestatem. Cic 2. vgnio, 4 
 (esp. of property inherited) : tod. to any 
 one, alicui, ad aliquem v., Cic : on whom 
 should d. the command of the fleet, 
 cui classis venisset (= obvenisset), Liv. 
 3. obvgnio, 4 (to fall by lot : esp. 
 of commands so allotted) : Liv. : Cic 
 4. cedo. ssi, ssnm. j : the power of 
 Pomi>ey and ' 'rassu.<: d.d upon Caesar, 
 Pompeii Crasslque potentia in Caesarem 
 cessit, Tac. 5. reJeo (ivl rare), li, 
 
 Ttum (of goods), 4. irr. : by his death 
 those goods hare by law d.d on me, ejus 
 niorte ea ad me lege redieriint l>ona, 
 Ter.: PI.: Caes. Phr.- this inherit- 
 ance should have d.d u}>on the brother's 
 daughter, haec hereditas transmittenda 
 erat filiae fratrls, Plin.: your office will 
 d. u^xin me (as your) deputy, succedam 
 ego vicarius tuo muneri, Cic. 
 
 devote : I. '/"o consecrate : 1. 
 devOven. vovi, votum, 2 : to d. the most 
 beautiful thing to Diana. Dianae pul- 
 cherrimum d. Clc. 2. ^00 i : v. to 
 
 DEDICATE. 3. sacro, consecro, i : v. to 
 CONSECRATE. 4. Sddico, dixi, dictoiii, 
 ; : all the lands he d.d to the goddat, 
 agros omiies Deae addixit, Veil. ||. 
 To dMym : 1. dSv6veo, 2 : to d. ono- 
 Idffor the republic's sake, se pro repub- 
 llca d., Cic; Liv. 2. v6veo, 2: tod. 
 ttieir own lives for the safety of their 
 country, sua capita pro salute patriae v, 
 Clc 3. destino, i : to d. any one to 
 dea'.h, aliquem ad mortem (mortl) d., 
 Liv.: V. TO D<x>M. 4. consecro, l: 
 by tliis blood I d. you to destruction, to 
 tuumque caput hoc sanguine c, Liv. 
 III. To give up: 1. dSdo, didi, 
 ditum : to nhich ve should entirely d, 
 ourselves,cm nos totos d. debemus, Cic: 
 / d. myself to letters, liiteris me dedo, 
 Cic. 2. confSro, tali, latum, j : tod. 
 all one's time to doing something, omne 
 tempus ad aliquid (faciemtum) c, Cic. : 
 to d. the sjxiils of v ar to the decoration 
 of the city, praedas in urbis ornamenta 
 
 c, Cic. : V. TO BESTOW. 3. Impendo, 
 di, sum, } : to d. tiio years to the com- 
 position of books, biennium librls com- 
 ponendis im.. Quint.: Tac. 4. ap- 
 plicu, I : V. TO APPLY (oneself). 5, 
 devfiveo, 2 (v. rare In this sense) : Curt 
 
 6. stiideo, ui, 2 (intrans. : to d. one- 
 self : with dat.) : to d. oneself to in- 
 creasing one's patrimimy, putrimonio 
 augendo St., Clc : to d. oneself to Utters, 
 Uteris st., Cic. 7. incumbo, cabui. 
 
 cilbltum, J (lit., to lean ujmn ; hence pu^ 
 forth an effort: with ad, in. and ace; 
 also dot.) : to d. one's efforts bi man- 
 ning a fleet, ad parandani cla.-i.*em In., 
 Hirt. : Clc: he d.d hinu^elf to proposing 
 laws, legibus rogandis incubuit, Flor. : 
 to d. oneself to a cause, in causam in., 
 Cic : Caes. : to this point let the orator 
 
 d. himself, hue incumbat orator. Quint. : 
 also with ut and suit}. : Appius d.d him- 
 self to getting tliem to appoint him 
 consul, Appius incubuit ut si- consiilem 
 dicerent, Liv. 8. inservio, 4 (with 
 dat. : to a. oneself with eamei:tn>ss and 
 effort) : to d. oneself to an art, ai ti ins, 
 Cic. 9. deservio, 4 (intens. of pre- 
 ceding) : to d. oneself to gotnl men, 
 bonis \iris d., Oc. Phr.: to d. oneself 
 to speaking until all jMSsible zeal, ad 
 diceiidum studio omni iiiti, Cic. 
 
 devoted (part, adj., : I. set apart 
 tothegids: 1. devotus: ad.vu.tim, 
 victima d., Hor. : Virg.: Cic: v. dedi- 
 cated. 2. sacer, era, crum : v. sacred. 
 3. votivus: v. votivf. ||. Fig.. 
 given up to : 1. dedTtus (with dat.) : 
 astonisldngly d. to these pursuits, m\n- 
 fice his stiuliisd., Cic : too much d. to the 
 equestrian order, iiimis eque.stri ordiiii 
 d., Cic. 2. studiosus (with gen.: v. 
 fond of) : / keep the DyrracJiians d. to 
 me. mei st. habeo Dyrrachinos, Cic : d. 
 to literature, literarum St., Cic 3. 
 6bediens, ntis (with dat:) : d. to (slaves 
 of) appetite, ventri ob., Sail. : v. subser- 
 vient. 4. devotus (ill late authors): 
 a dietit d. to thee, tibi d. clieiis. Juv.. 
 Suet. 5 impensus : d. o/tocnnK-nMo 
 any one, imp. voluiitjis erpa allquHm, 
 Liv. : Clc Phr.: to be d. to. ius.-rvire, 
 deservire, studere (wllh dat.): v. to de- 
 vote (ad fin.) : J am vjitirely d. to you, 
 totus sum vester, Cic. 
 
 devotedly: 1. siQdio^e: v eeal- 
 
 oisi.Y. 2. impense (of any rehemcnt 
 feeling): Cic: Liv.: v. earnestly. 
 3, summo studio: Cic: v. zeau 
 Phr.: d. attached to, amantissimus, 
 studiosissimus, Cic (v. devotko): the 
 soldiers were d. attached to ViMliut 
 militiim animi obstinati pro Vitellla 
 Tac: to lore d., diperire (with acr.). 
 perdite. misere amare : v. kxces-sively. 
 
 devotedness : v. devotion. 
 
 devotee : *q"' t"'"* ®*' '" ""ellglon- 
 ibus ; homo' rellglosus (i\ term of excess 
 in Cic.t : religiosus (used as subs, in 
 a Kenipls). 
 
 devotion : I. -< soU-mn offering 
 of: 1. dOvotio, /. : in the d. of his 
 I' ft- (of /'. t'ccius), in devotione vitae, 
 Cic 2. consecrailo: v. coNSECHA-nox 
 II. Devoted attachment : 1. sta- 
 dium :' often in i)I. ; / out to you, tht 
 20s
 
 DEVOTIONAL. 
 
 DIAPASON 
 
 D T CT ATOR 
 
 utmott posnbU d.. omnia in te summa 
 et slngularia s. debeo, CSc. : v. zeal, 
 AFFECTION. 2. amor : V. I.OVE. i. 
 vSlunUs (usu. with some epithet) : my 
 cmstant d. to the commomvtalth, mea 
 perpeiua atque constans v. inremp.,^-'V- 
 Join: voluntas et studiuni erg:i ali- 
 quem, Cic. 4. " animi assulua et 
 
 vehemeiis ad aliquam rem applicata 
 magna cum vohiptate occupatio ; de- 
 finition of sludium in Cic. Inv. i, 25. 3° 
 5 animus deditus : tUe greatest tt., 
 animus deditissimus, Cic. Phr. : to 
 shmu d. to, servire, inserv ire : y. to de- 
 vote III Religious vorship : I. 
 preces : v. praters. 2. culius, us; 
 V WORSHIP. Phr.: to pay one s d.s, 
 precari ac supplicare, Liv. : v. to pra'* , 
 PRAYER, pevotio is used of religious 
 devoledness in Lact ). 
 
 devotional: P'us; ad pietatem erga 
 Deum pertinens : v. devout, piobs. 
 Phr.: d. exercises, preces (v. prateks) ; 
 *meditationes piae, ad pietatem alendam 
 susceptae: a d. frame o/ mind, *affectiu 
 animi pia atque ad Deum con versa: v. 
 
 DEVOtJT. , 
 
 devour : I. ^^ «** greedily ; i. 
 devoro, i (strictly to sualloiv donn en- 
 tire : hence, esp. in fig. sense, to take 
 anything greedily): to d. mice (of the 
 weasel), mures d., Phaedr : to d. with 
 one's eyes, oculis d.. Just. ; m anticipa- 
 tion, spc d., Cic. : v. to swallow cp. 
 2 v6ro, I : v. to swallow. 3. 
 comedo, } : v. to eat up. 4. ob- 
 
 sorbeo, 2: v. to gulp down. D. 
 
 haurio. si. stum, 4 : used by PUn. of ser- 
 pent* sivaUoicipg their prey entire: to 
 d. in thnught, cogitatione h. (jomed with 
 animo sofbere), Cic. ||. ^'o consume, 
 as fire does : absiimo, consumo : v. to 
 consume. _ . 
 
 devouring (a<y.): 1. vorax, acis: 
 d man; v. venter, Ov. : d. flame, \ . 
 flamma, Sil. 2. eda.x {eating away) : 
 
 Hor. See also destructive. 
 
 devourer: 1. heiuo or hei luo, 
 
 onis (a glutton : q. v.) : d. 0} his country, 
 h. patriae, Cic. 2. confector, con- 
 Bumptor: v. DESTBUTER. 3. vorago, 
 inis, / (strictly an abyss : only m rhe- 
 torical language) ; d. of a patrivumy, 
 patrimonii v., Cic. 4. barathrum 
 
 (like vorago) : d. of the whole mark'-t, 
 macelli b., Hor. (Vorator and devorator 
 occur in Ten.). 
 
 devout: 1. plus: v. pious. 2. 
 rtUgiosus (as used by C\c. = supersti- 
 tioas ; not so in Christian writers : 
 Vulg. : V. religious). 3. devotus 
 
 Gate) : a Kcmpis. 4. venerabundus 
 (full of d. feeling) : Liv. 
 
 devoutly: 1. Tenerabnndus (in agr. 
 with sal j. : see L. G. i 54?) : ^''^.V a. en- 
 tered the temple, venerabundi ttmplum 
 iniere, Liv. 2. pie (in superi., summa 
 pietate, not piissime) : v. piocslt. 3. 
 suppliciter (or supple.x : cf. siipr. i) : v. 
 suppliantly. 4. sancte {imth pure 
 mind and according to prescribed cus- 
 tom) : Join: auguste pieque (veiieran 
 deum) : pie saucteque, Cic. 
 
 devoutness : 1. pi.st^ = ^: ^'^"• 
 
 2 devotio: Lact.: a Kempis. ,J. 
 ♦animus venerabundus : v. devout (4) : 
 V. piety. _ . 
 
 dew (.subs.) : 1. ros, rons, m. : the 
 d falls, di-ies tip, is evaporated by the 
 sun, ros cadit (also rores cadunt). ex- 
 arescit, a sole discutitur, Plin.: fresh d., 
 d of heaven, transparent d., ros recens, 
 coelestis, vitreus, Ov. 2. joratio (a 
 fall of d. : rare) : Apul. Phr. : there 
 is a d., rorat, Col. : Plin. 
 
 dew C'^'- *•) ■■ !• '■'J™' ' '■ '^••"^ 
 Kith tears their face and cheeks, hicry- 
 mis rorantes ora genasque, Lucr. 2. 
 irroro : v. bedew. 
 
 dew-bespangled: *vitreis ronbus 
 
 distinctus: v. dewy. 
 
 dew-besprinkled: rorans, roru- 
 
 lentus: V. DEWY. 
 
 dew-drop : ""os (v. dew) : more pre- 
 ci'^elv *{:iiita loscida. 
 
 dew-lap : palear, aris, n. : more usu. 
 pj. : iL hunging d.. pendula paleana, 
 Ov. : Col. : Virg. 
 206 
 
 dpwv 1 TosadVLS (abounding in 
 OT covered with dew ; also, of the nature 
 of dew): d. nights, r. nocies. Plui. : 
 d appUs, T. mala. Virg. : d. moisture, 
 r humor. Plin. 2. roridus (=rus- 
 cidus: rare): Prop. . 3. rorulentus 
 (abounding in, cove^i-ed wilh deic) : Lato : 
 Plin. 4. rorans, ntis (dropping dew) : 
 tlie d. stars, rorantia astra, Virg. : Ov. 
 5, roriler, era, erum (dew-bring- 
 ing): Lucr.. 
 
 flpxt.prity calliditas, solleriia : v. 
 CLEVERNESS, skill. (Not dexteritas : v. 
 Dr. Smith's Lat. I lict., s. v.) 
 dexterous: caindus. sollers, sciens: 
 
 V. SKILFUL. ,^ 
 
 dexterously: caiiWe: v.skilfuixt. 
 
 ^abolical: diabolicus: Paul. Nol. 
 diaconal : ad diaconatum pertinens. 
 diaconate : 1. diaconai us, us, m. : 
 Hier 2 diaconium : biilp. bever. 
 
 diadem': 1. fas^if= ^"f" %• 
 diadema, atis, n. : Cic. : Juv. . v. 
 
 crown. ,., , A-- 
 
 diademed {part, adj): 1. dia- 
 
 dematus: Plin. 2. diadumenus (6ia- 
 Sovfxcfos) : Plin. _ 
 
 diagnosis : *diagnosis, is (Gr. Sia- 
 yvioaii) ■ morborum e.xploratio (.'). 
 
 diagonal («''j- ""^ subs.): diagc- 
 
 nalis, diagoniuf . di.agi5mcus. \ itr. As 
 subs., diagonalis liuea, Viir. 
 
 diagonally: 1. '" quincuncem 
 (in the vuinner of the quincunx • . ; : 
 V. CROSS. 2. transversum (perh. 
 
 better, in iransi'ersura) : Front. Ag. 
 
 diagram: 1. descnptio .• to ex- 
 pluin anything bi/ d.s, ahquid descrip- 
 tionibus explicare, Cic. 2. forma : to 
 draw d.s in the dust, formas in pulvere 
 describere, Liv.: forma geometnca, if 
 geometrical d.s are meant : v. geome- 
 trical. „. _ 
 dial: solarium: Van-.: Cic. I. 
 horariuin (any instrument for marking 
 1 time) : Censor. See also clock. 
 
 dialect' 1. dialectSs, or dialectus 
 (Gr. SitiAeKTOs), i, /. : Suet. 2, less 
 
 precisely, lingua : the Tonic d., lonica 1., 
 (Juint. Phr.: the Rhodians speak the 
 Doric d., Dorice Rhodii loquuntur. Suet. : 
 simly., lonice, Aeolice, etc. 
 
 dialectic : appertaining to dtaUc- 
 tics: dialecticus: Cic: tjuint. 
 
 dialectical: relating to dialects: 
 expr. by dialectus : d. peculianties, 
 *dialecti, dialeciorum proprietates. 
 
 dialectician : dialecticus : Cic : 
 Quint. 
 
 dialectics: dlalectice or dialectica 
 (Gr. BiaXeKTiKij) : Cic : Quint. Also 
 pi. : dialectica. orum : Cic. : v. logic. 
 
 dialling: gnomonice or gnomonica 
 (Gr. yvuifj-oyucq) : Vitr. : Gell. 
 diallist: gnomonlcus: Solin. 
 dialogue: I. Conversational: 
 
 sermo. colloquium : v. conversation. 
 II, A vrritten philosophical disciis- 
 svm : dlalbgus, i, to. (Gr. SioAoyo!) : Cic 
 Phr.: a measure suited for (dramatic) 
 d., altemis aptus sermonibus, Hor.: a 
 d. (betueen actors), diverbium, Liv. 
 
 diameter : 1. diamelros, i,/. (Gr. 
 Sioinerpo?) : Col. 2. dimetiens, ntis. 
 
 f. (sc. Imea): Plin. 3. (of thick 
 
 'bodies, as pillars) : crassitvido : Vitr. 
 Phr.: in d., per medium. Vitr. : afoot 
 in d., pedalis. e (applicable to any kind 
 of dimension) : Cic. 
 diametrical : diametros, on : Finn. 
 
 diametrically : I. L 1 1. : m the 
 
 direction of the diameter : per medium, 
 Vitr. (v. diameteu). II. ^" direct 
 
 opposing lines : Phr.: these things are 
 d. opposed, •exsistit inter haec quanta 
 maxima potest esse discrepantia ; haec 
 prorsus a contrariis partibus slant ; 
 toto, ut aiunt, distant coelo, cf. Macr. 
 Sat. J, 12: V. totally. 
 
 diamond: j. nested*: adamas, 
 ntis, m. : Plin. JWade of d., adamanti- 
 nus: Plin. ||. The figure: scutula : 
 Tac: Vitr. , ^ 
 
 diamond-shaped: *scutulae form- 
 am habens: cf. Tac. Agr. lo. , . , 
 
 diapason: diapason (i. e. 1) Sia 
 TToaii' ip/aoi/ia) : Vitr. Phr.: infuXl 
 
 (Z.,*plenoconcentu; concentu per omn«B 
 chordas facto. . . _ . . j- 
 
 diaphoresis: diaphbresis, is, /. 
 
 (Sia<i)opr,(ns) . Theod. Prise 
 
 diaphoretic : diaphoreticus (Suw<.o- 
 pTjTKcris): Coel. Aur. . 
 
 diaphragm : 1. praecordia, orum. 
 n pi (used poet, of the vitaU generally) : 
 r-ic: Plin. 2. septum transversum, 
 Cels 3 diaphragma, atis, n. (Sid- 
 
 4>f>ay^'>.) : Coel. Aur. 4. disseptum : 
 Macr. _ „ . . 
 
 diarrhoea: 1. aiv. profluvmm 
 
 or profluvium alone, Cels. a, alvi 
 profiisio, Cels. 3. Auor. oris, m : 
 Cels Phr.: he has d., alvus ei resol- 
 vitur Cels.: lo check d., alvum iu^m 
 firmare. Cels. (In R. and A.). In Cic. 
 diaiThoea is written as a Greek word, 
 diappoia. , . 
 
 iiary : commentarii diumi, dianum : 
 v. journal, daybook. _ 
 
 diatessaron: diaiessaron: Le.TjSia 
 Tciraapcoi' xop^wv apfiovta : Vitr. 
 
 diatonic: diaiSnlcus. Man. Capell. 
 Phr.: the d. scale, diat5ni, orum, Vitr : 
 septem discrimina vocum, Virg. A. 6, 
 
 ^diatribe: Hbellus (gen. term): v. 
 disputation, tbe^atise. 
 
 dibble (subs.): n.. word known: the 
 pastinum and capreolus vitre forked im- 
 plements. 
 
 dice (s"bs-) •• I. ^'^ «*^ ^,^„T 
 
 gambling: tali: v. DICE. ||. ine 
 
 game : alea : v. gambling. 
 
 dice (I') •• talis, lessens ludere ; aleam 
 exerceie : v. to gamble. 
 
 dice-board: 1. abacus, to. .- 
 
 Macrob. 2. alveus, and alveus luso- 
 rius. Plin. ; Val. Max. 3. alveOlus, 
 Varr. : Cic 4. tabula: Juv. 
 
 dice-box- 1. Iniil'"^, Juv.: 
 
 Marl 2. phimus (a Greek word: 
 
 Aiuds): Hor. 3. orca (of a round 
 ihape.) : Pers. (For pyrgus, see Dr. 
 Smiih's Lat. Diet. s. v.) 
 
 dicer : aleator : v. gambler. 
 
 dicing: alea: V. gambling. 
 
 dictate (".)•• I. '''" pr<^<^ 
 
 with autliorUy: 1. dicto, I (not m 
 Cic)- thus reason seems to d, ita vide- 
 lur ratio d., Quint. 2. praescnbo. { : 
 V. TO PRESCRIBE. 3. praeeo. ivi and 
 li, itum. 4 trr. (morefreq. in sen^ 11 ): 
 to d. to any one by uord oj muulh what 
 verdict he should give, voce pr. alicui 
 quid judicet. Cic. 4. impero, I :thex 
 tenm tite victor d.s, haec victor hostis 
 imp., Liv.: V. TO command. Phr.: 
 to d. terms of peace, pacis conditiones di- 
 cere, Liv.: would that your heart d-d 
 that expression, utinam ex animo istuc 
 verbum diceres, Ter. : d.d by a grate- 
 ful and generous spirit, grato animo 
 "liberalique profectum. Brut, ad Cic. : / 
 have a right to d. to you, not you to me. 
 meum iniperium in te,non in me tibi est 
 PI. II. fo pronounce what another 
 is to write or repeat : 1. dicto, i (the 
 usu. sense of the word): Cic: to a. a 
 letter, episiolam d.. Suet.: Hor. 3. 
 praeeo, 4 (esp. of religious forms): 
 come then, Pontifex, d. the words, 
 ageduni, Pontitex, praei verba, Liv.: 
 d. what you wish, praei verbis quid 
 vis. Ter. , 
 
 1 dictate (.subs.) : praescriptum (v. 
 DICTATION), impfirium, jussum, prae- 
 
 cepium V DIRECTION, OKDEB, BIDDING, 
 dictation: \. The act of dictat- 
 ing for anollier lo loi'tte : 1. dictatio, 
 Paul. dig. (May also be used for that 
 uhich is dictated: whence dictatiunciila, 
 a short d.. Hier.) 2. expr. by verb : 
 to ui-ite from d., dictata e.xscribere, dic- 
 tantem sequi : v. to dictate. Ij. 
 
 Authoritative command: 1. arbi- 
 
 trium : to live at the d of others, ad ali- 
 orum arbitrium vivere. Cic. : v. discre- 
 tion, pleasure, will. 2. praescriptum 
 (any tiling definitely laid dtnim) : to att 
 according to d., ex praescripto agere, 
 Caes. Phr.: to live according to others 
 d., alieno more vivere. Ter. 
 
 dictator : dictator, Cic : Liv. Phr.: 
 to be d., dictaturam gerere: v. dicta- 
 torship
 
 DICTATOR I A L 
 
 DIFFER 
 
 DIFFER ENTLY 
 
 dictatorial: I. Pertaining to a 
 diclatii, dlciaiorius, Liv. ||, Over- 
 bearing : airOgans, impiriosub : v. IM- 
 
 PEBIODS. 
 
 dictatorship or dictature : dicta- 
 
 tura : to assanu: the d., diriatunini liiire, 
 Liv. : to ab-licale the d., diciaiuram al>- 
 dicare [or dictaiura se ab., v. to abki- 
 cate), Liv. ; abire dictatura, Liv. : to 
 hold the d., dictalurani gererc, Liv. 
 
 diction: I. i'tterance : dictio (in 
 oblique ca>e8, pec. of dico): Ter.: Cic. : 
 V. SPEAKING. II. Style: dictio, di- 
 cendi genus : v. stvle. 
 
 dictionarr : 1. •lexicon, l (strictly 
 a Glc. word) . M. L. (as KorccU. " totius 
 latinitatis I."): v. le.xiojn. 2. g'"*- 
 ^rium (of rare or antiquated worda) : 
 Gell. 3. thesaurus (a storehouse of 
 informatum: cl. I'lin. N. H. prcf. 17: 
 suitable word to denote a fnti, exhaust- 
 ive ti., as tlie Thesaurus of Stephanus). 
 
 4, OnOmasticon, i. e. a VOCABC- 
 
 LARY, q. V. 
 
 didactic : dldascailcns (rare) : o d. 
 compositioii, d. opusculum, Auson. Ep. 
 17: Accius ap. (iell. j, 11 (tiile). 2. 
 protreptlcus (TrpoTpcTrTiico?) : Auson 
 P li r. : to speak in a d. vein, *doc<-ntis 
 niixlo loqui; sicut praeceptor (magister) 
 dicere. 
 
 didactically : docentis modo : v. 
 prece'l. art. (fin.). 
 
 didapper: mergus: v. DIVKE. 
 
 die (subs.): I. A cube of any 
 
 Kind : quadrantal, tessgra, cubus : v. 
 cube. II. For gaming: 1. talus 
 (dimin. taxillus. Cic.) : to throw the dice, 
 tiilos jacere. Cic. ; jactare, Suet. ■ to 
 stake a shilling on each d., slngulos de- 
 narios in singulos t. in medium conferre. 
 Suet. : to obtain by a throw of the dice, 
 talis sortiri, Hor. : to play at dice, talis 
 ludere, Plin. 2. tessera (a diff- kind 
 of dir, and played wiih in a diff. way : 
 V. Dr. Smith's l-at. I Met. s.v.) : to throw 
 the dice, tcsseras jacere, Cic. : Gell. 3. 
 alea (dice as a game) : to play at d., 
 alea ludere, Cic; aleam ludere, Suet.: 
 the d. is cast, Jacta est alea, Caes. : to 
 lose at d., in alea perdere, Cic. Phr. : 
 to make lite best thrrnu at dice, (talis), 
 Venerem (or basilicum) mittere. Suet. ; 
 jactare, PI. ; jacere, PI. : to make the 
 worst d., vulturium, canem or caniculam 
 Jacere, V. THROW (.whs.) |||. For stamp- 
 ing : perh. character, ens. 7».; v. stamp. 
 
 die (<-'■): I. Lit.: to expire: 
 
 1, nifirior. mortuus sum, j : u-e 
 must surely d., moriendum certe est, 
 Cic: tod. of any disecLse ("a natural 
 death "), morbo m., Nep. : d. of starva- 
 tion, inedia ni., Plin.; lame m., Petron. 
 Hence coinps, (1) demfirior, to die off, 
 die with reference to others : chiefly 
 used In p. part. (v. deceased) : (2) emo- 
 rior (to die quickli/, die out of hand) : to 
 die a valiavt death, em. per virtuteni. 
 Sail. : Cic. : to d. of laughter, risu em., 
 Ter. : (3) praemOrior (to die prema- 
 turely: rarel, Ov.: (4) immfirior (to (?i« 
 •v) : to die in your arms, ut manibus 
 immoriar tuis. Sen. 2. obco, ivi and 
 Ti, ituni, 4, iir. : esp. with mortem, Cic. ; 
 diem suprenium, Nep. ; diem suum, 
 Sulp. in Cic. ; or diem alone. Suet. : also 
 absol. (e.sp. poet.) : to d. of ji/y, gaudio 
 ob , riin. : vith thee cheeifiilly tcould I 
 d., tecum obfam libens, Hor. : to d. of 
 disease, morbo obire, Plin.: Liv. 3. 
 cKcedo, ssi, s.sum, {: esp. with vita, e 
 vita, Cic ; also ab.sol., I ac. : Suet. 4. 
 decedo, ssl, ssum, j: with de vita, or 
 quite as often alisol. : my father d.d on 
 the ^.^th Nov., pater nobis decessit a. d. 
 VI II. Kal. Dec, Cic: to d. of imliges- 
 <!Oj(,cniditatecontractad., Qnint. (N.B. 
 This and the prece<ting word are otten 
 prefirred to morior, by euphemism ) 
 
 5. ociunibii, cubui, itnni, ? (esp. of 
 dying in actife sermce, meeting death) : 
 with monef, or morte, Cic. : also ab- 
 60I., to d. nirn honour, honeste oc, Cic. : 
 with morti, Virg. 6. oppfto, ivi and 
 li, Ttum, } (similar to occumbo): with 
 mortem, or later absol. : to d. for the 
 safety of the Ki/man jieople, pro .salute 
 F. R. mortem op., Cic: absol., Virg.: 
 
 Tac. 7. exstliiguor, nctus, } (to be 
 cut off suddenly) : when heat is destroyed 
 ve d., exstiucto calore, occidimus ipsi et 
 exslinguimur, Cic. : Ov.: v. to cut off, 
 TO BE. 8. finlo. 4 (only late) : Tibe- 
 rius d.d in his ^Wi year, T. finivit oc- 
 tavo et septuagesinio aelatis anno, Tac. 
 9. exeo, ivi and II, Hum, 4, irr. : 
 with de vita, e vita, Cic: v. to depart, 
 DECEASE. (N.B. Of th* above, morior, 
 eniorior, occiimlK*, oppeto, are used of 
 dying a violent death.) Phr. : ff I 
 should d. (euphemistically), si quid 
 mlhi hnmanitus accidisset, Cic. : to d., 
 inter homines agere dfslnere, Tac. : may 
 
 I d. if I know, ne vivam (mortar, dls- 
 peream), si scio, Cic. : to d. a natural 
 death, naturae satisfacere (pay the debt 
 of nature), Cic. ; concedere, Sail. : if ''.'/ 
 disease, morbo consumi, Nep. ; morbo 
 absunii, Sail.; opprimi (U suddenly). 
 Cic: tod. by ones 011-71 /ia»i</, sibi mor- 
 tem (necem) consciscere, (.'acs. (v. sui- 
 cide): that has d.d (not bun slaugh- 
 tered), morticinus, Varr. ||. To i>erish, 
 
 II aste away : 1, m6rior. j : lest the 
 memory of the man slmuld d., ne ho- 
 minis me'moria moreretur, Cic. 2. 
 emOrior, 4 (to die out) : whose praise 
 cannot d., quorum laus em. iion potest, 
 Cic. 3. pCreo, 4, Vjt. ; v. to I'Ekish. 
 
 4. lalwr, ;: to decav. _ |||. 
 Fig.: to d. of lore for : 1. depSreo, 
 4, irr. (with ace.) : Ter. : v. to love. 
 
 2, demorior, ; (also with ace. : 
 rare): PI. 3. misere, perdite amo: 
 PI.: Ter.: v. to love. |V. ^0 '''« 
 away ; fadf. away : 1. cado, cJcidi, 
 casum, ? (esp. of wind') : the vind crnn- 
 pletely d.'d auay, venti vis omnis ceci- 
 dit, Liv.: Ov. 2. pereo, 4, irr.: v. 
 TO WASTE AWAY. 3. depereo, 4, irr. : 
 how soon the colours d. away, quam cito 
 d. colores, Tib. : the fruits d. away 
 altogether, in totum pcma d., Plin. 4. 
 Of sounds : (.') conlicesco, ticui, } : v. 
 
 SILENT, to become. 
 
 diet (subs.) : \. Food : cibus, vic- 
 tus : V. food. II, Prescribed and re- 
 gulated food : 1. diaeta (more compre- 
 hensive than the Eng.) : to treat oneself 
 uith d. (opp. to surgery), diaeta ciirari, 
 Cic. 2. victiis ratio : crmiplaints 
 
 which are best treated by d., quibus vic- 
 tus r. maxime subvenit, Cels. 3. expr. 
 in various ways by cibus : the body is 
 strengthened by exercise and attention 
 to d., corpus validius fit exercitiitione et 
 lege quadam ciborum. Quint.: to sus- 
 penda prrescribed d., remittere ciborum 
 necessitatem, Quint.: observatio cibo- 
 rum, Quint. 
 
 diet (I'O ■■ cibos praescribo ; certa 
 ciborum (victiis) ratioiie euro, medeor: 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 diet (subs.): imperial: *conventus 
 principuiii : of Germany, conventus im- 
 perii Germanici. Kr. 
 
 dietetic : diaeteiicus : d. treatment, 
 curatio d., Coel. Aur. Phr.: diaetetics, 
 diaetetica, ae, /. : Cels. : or, diaetetice, 
 es, /. : Coel. Aur. ; ea medicinae pars 
 quae victu curat, medetur : v. diet 
 (subs.). 
 
 differ: I. To be vnlike: 1. 
 differo, distuli, dilatum, differre, j (with 
 abl. of respect in which) : to d. iVi iiord. 
 in name, m reality, verbo, vocabulo, re 
 d., Cic: to d.from any one. t\b aliquo 
 d„ Cic. : rarely dat., to d. from prose, 
 sermoni d., Hor. : to d from each other, 
 inter se d., Caes. 2. discrfpo, ui, i 
 (cotistr. usu. like diffiro) : to d. from 
 anyone in anyttiing.d. ab aliquo [in] 
 aliqua re, Cic : also with dat. of person, 
 Cic. 3. disto, I (pres. and imperf. 
 
 onlv : to d. from, absol.; not as the 
 foregoing, often with the particular 
 nvde or respect of difference men- 
 tioned): to d. vastly from anything, 
 ab aliqua re plurimum d., Cic. : (these 
 things) d. gr-^atly from each other, 
 multum distant inter se, Cic. Also 
 with dat., Hor. 4. dissideo, sedl, ses- 
 sum, 2 (implying opixisition, imonsist- 
 ency) : rashn'Ss d.s widely from wis- 
 dom, temeritas a s:ipietitia d. plurimum, 
 Cic. : V. to i>isa(.bee. 6. interest, 
 
 fnit, egse (impere. only) • they do not d. 
 in the slightest degree, ne minimum qul- 
 dem Inter eos interest, Cic. : v. diffki»- 
 F.NCE. 6. abhorreo, ul, 2 (to be alien, 
 abhorrent fr(m\) : rastiness m great as 
 not to d. mu/h from madness, tenieritaa 
 tanta ut non procul ab. ab insania, Cic: 
 V. incossi.stfnt, to be. II. TV/ dit- 
 agree : 1. discrepo, i (I i t., to jar, be 
 out of tune) : philosopliers d. ai out cer- 
 tain matters, philosophi de quibiisdani 
 rebus d., Cic : to (/. frf>m any one in 
 vords, cum aliquo verbis d., Cic to d. 
 frimi (any one's) plons, a conslllis d., 
 Cic: rarely wiib dat.. Cic 2. <li»- 
 .<ideo, 2 : who d. only on rmt point, qui 
 de re una solum d.,Cic. : v. to di.sagre£. 
 
 3. disst iitio, seiisi. sensum, 4 : you 
 are wont to d. from me on this point, 
 soles hac de re a me d., Cic. 4. dis- 
 cordi'. V. TIP disagree. 
 
 difference : I. rnlikevest, dit- 
 tincliun : \. dilieeniia (esp. in scien- 
 tific or philosoph. language): the d. tir- 
 tween the lumouraJile and the becoming, 
 bonesti et decori d., Cic: d. of jilact, 
 time, Iwonim temporumque d.. Quint. 
 
 2, discrimen, inis, n. (tlie result of 
 a judgment): v. distinction. 3. dl.s- 
 tantia (esp. when the difference is 
 .'strongly marked : v. contrakt) : the 
 greatest possible d., tanta, quanta maxi- 
 ma potest esse d., Cic. 4. diversii;L'< : 
 v. DrvERsrrr, variety. 5. ^ery 
 
 often expr. with interest (v. to differ. 
 1., 5) : there is this d. between a man and 
 a brute, inter hominem et beluani hoc 
 maxime int., Cic. : what a d. there is, 
 quantum Int., Cic: also persontilly, 
 there is th is d. between a father and a 
 nuister, hoc pater ac doniinus int., Ter. ; 
 also with dai., Hor. Ksp. when a clause 
 follows: it makes no d. whether . . , 
 nihil (multum, plurimum) int. utrum . . 
 an ... , Cic. P h r. : theie is »i'< d. be- 
 tween god and god, nihil inter diiim et 
 deum differt., Cic. : irhat d. does it make 
 whether the birds feed or not t aves pas- 
 cantur necne quid relert? Cic. ||. 
 Difference of opinion : 1. discrgpan- 
 tia: d. betveen the Stoics and I'eripa- 
 tetics, d. inter Stoicos et Peripateticos, 
 Cic: V. disagreement. 2. dissen- 
 sio : d. of opinion on the subject of law, 
 (summa) de jure d., Cic. : v. disagree- 
 ment. Phr.: there is a d. of opinion 
 among authors, discrepat, non constat, 
 non (satis) convenit inter scrlptores, 
 Liv. (v. TO AGREE) : nor is there any d, 
 of opinion about (A. Coitielius) having 
 been dictator that year, riec discrepat 
 quin dictator eo anno fuerit. Liv.: there 
 is a d. between the authorities, inter auc- 
 tores discrepat, Liv. 
 
 different: \. yot the same: l, 
 
 diversus: at irregular times and by d 
 routes, incertis temporibns d.que itiiier- 
 ibus, Caes. : the co7>suts muirh in d 
 directions, diversi discedunt coiisules, 
 Liv. 2. alius rep<'ated: living in d. 
 nays: alius alio more vivetiies. Sail.: 
 see" L. G. f 629. 3. varius : v. va- 
 
 rious. II. yot like : 1. dispar 
 
 (V. Sil. 8. 570), -paris (not matching 
 or harmonising with : with gen., dot.. 
 inter and pron. refl.): d. from itself, 
 d. siii, Cic. : others' d. to these, bis allj 
 d., Cic : d. from each other. Inter so 
 dispares, Cic. 2. «l'us (for constr., 
 
 see L.G. ^ 6io) : veryd. is the light of the 
 sun and of lamps, lux longe a. est soils et 
 lychnoriim. Cic. : rery d.are my feelings, 
 longe alia mens est. Sail. : (that) the 
 deities seemed to haw lecome d. (alttrtd^ 
 from what they had been, dii alii facU 
 vtderentur, Liv. 3. mutatus: v. 
 
 CHANGED. 4. dissimilis. e : v. rs- 
 
 LIKK. 5, expr. by di-^crepi), dlfffru 
 
 (v. to differ. 1 ) : V. TO DIFFER. 
 
 differential : 'differf ntialis, e ; 
 Math. t. t. 
 
 differentiate : discerno, secemo : V. 
 TO :)i.<TiNGriMi. 
 
 differently: 1. »i'w: v. other- 
 wise. K.-ip. in combination with alius 
 (see L. C;. ij tK)"). it it d. treated by 
 (different) mediail men, aliter ab aliis 
 curatur, Cels. : Liv. Simly, alio 
 207
 
 DIFFERING 
 
 DIGEST 
 
 DIGRESSION 
 
 modo, alio more, v. diffekent (1.) 
 
 2. varie, diverse: v. vasiousi.v, 
 
 Br\ERSELY. 3. S6CUS : V. OThi-B- 
 
 ■WISE. 
 
 differing: 1. dissimtUs, e: V. 
 
 pissiMiLAK. 2. dissonus: nations d. 
 ill language and manners, gentes scr- 
 mone moribusque d,, Llv. : v. dif- 
 ferent. 
 
 difficult : 1. diff icilis, e : it is d. 
 to say, difficile est dictu, Cic. : v. hard. 
 Join: (res) arduae ac difficiles, Cic. 
 (v. ill/.) ; difficiles et obscurae, cun- 
 tortae ^intriuatt) et d. (of inquiries), 
 Cic. Vei-ii d., perdifficilis, Cic. 2. 
 
 aniuus (lit., sttep; very d.) d. to ilo, 
 arduum factu, Liv. : Cic. (v. sitpr.). 
 
 3. inipgditus (blocked up, pre- 
 senting obstacles) : tfte more d. route. 
 impedilius iter, lac. : Caes. 4. niag- 
 nus (witli words like opus): join: 
 opus magnum et arduum, Cic. : also 
 absol., it is a d. thing, magnum est 
 (with inf.), Cic. Simly., how d., so d., 
 may be expr. by qnantus, tantus : v. 
 GREAT (HOW, so). P h r. : so d. was it, 
 tantae molis erat, Virg. : it would not 
 he at all d., nihil est negotii (with 
 i"/), Caes. : v. difficulty. 
 
 diificulty : I. Ardwmsness : 1, 
 difficultas: the d. and toil of leaning. 
 d. laborque discendi, Cic. 2. as- 
 perltas (roughness, dangei) : the d. of 
 the war, belli asp.. Sail. 3. angustiae, 
 arum (straits) : Cic. 4. moles, is, 
 f. (implying great effort ; chiefly poet.) : 
 / will transport the ships without much 
 d., transveham naves baud magna mole, 
 Liv. : Virg. 5. negotium : without 
 any d , nullo negotio. Cic. : v. difficult 
 (phr.), TROUBLE. Phr.: with d., (1) 
 vix: either nith d., or not at all, aut 
 vlx aut nullo modo, Cic. : / with d. 
 refrain, ego vix teneo me, Cic ; Caes. : 
 (2) aegre : to be separated %oith d., aegre 
 divelli, Cic. : Caes. : v. hardly : (3) 
 diff icil6 : uith very great d., difficillime, 
 Caes. : Cic. : (4) difficulter (rare) : Caes. : 
 Tac. (5) V}itk very great d., perdif- 
 ficiliter, Cic. ||. ]'hat which is ar- 
 duous, or dentands labour: 1, dif- 
 ficultas: this contains a great d., hoc 
 habet magnam d., Cic. : to get into d.s. 
 In difficultates delabi, Cic. 2. an- 
 gustiae, arum: d.s of ground, an. lo- 
 corum, Nep. : to bring into d.s, in an. 
 compellere, Cic: v. straits 3. to- 
 pddinientum (an obstach of any kind) : 
 to overcome the d.s presented by natm-e, 
 Impedimenta naturae superare, Cic. : v. 
 
 HINDKANCE, OBSTACLE. 4. 6pUS, gris, 
 
 n. : V. work. 5. scrupulus (of a 
 galling, harassing kind) : the stings 
 and d.s of domestic caies, aculei et s. 
 domesticarum sollicitudinum, Cic. Phr.: 
 to look for d.s where theie are none, 
 nodum in scirpo quaerere, Ter. . to fall 
 into d.s. In angustum venire, Cic: to 
 make a d. (about doing a thing) gra- 
 vari (either absol. or with infin.), Cic. 
 IV. TO REFUSE) : to be in d.s, laborare 
 (e. g. de pecunia), Cic. |||, Jim- 
 
 barrassment ; esp of a pecuniary Hnd : 
 difficultas (pecuniae), Cic. : v. em- 
 barrassment. IV. An objectio^i started 
 to a theori/ : scriipulus (.') : v. objection. 
 
 diffidence: I. JJistrust (q. v.): 
 diffidentia: Cic. ||. Modesty: v6re- 
 cundia, pQdor : v. bashfulness, mo- 
 desty. 
 
 diffident: I. Mistrustful: dif- 
 
 fidens, ntis: doubting and d. myself, 
 dubitans et mihi ipse d., Cic: Suet.: v. 
 distrustful. II, Modesi: vgrecundus, 
 
 timidUS ; V. BASHFl'L, MODEST. 
 
 diffidently : diffidenter : Join: 
 tlmide ac diffidenter, Cic. See also 
 
 BASHFULLY, MODESTLY. 
 
 diffuse ("•): 1. diffundo, fudi, 
 
 f usum, ; : the blood is d.d by the veins 
 into every part of the body, sanguis 
 per venas in omne corpus diffunditur, 
 Cic. 2. fundo, j : v. TO POUR. 3. 
 (in pass, sense, to tie d.d), peimeo, i : 
 T. TO PERMEATE. Join pernieare 
 et transire. Cic. Phr.: the. moisture 
 is d.d, difilnit humor. Luc. : mirid is 
 (id through the limbs and, vivijies tlie 
 2o8 
 
 mass, infusa pei- artus, mens agitat 
 molem, Virg. : o divine influence is 
 d.d over the whole world, vis quaedam 
 divina toto confusa mnndo est, Cic. (v. 
 TO BLEND) : to d. the blessings of peace, 
 bona pacis circuraferre. Veil. : Plin.: 
 to d. an odour, odorem fundere, Plin.; 
 spargere odorem, Hor. (v. to sprkai 
 abroad) : to d. brightness, nitorem cir 
 cumfundere. Quint.: vicious yiobles d. 
 their vices over a state, vitiosi principes 
 vitia infundunt in civitatem, Cic. : the 
 poison was d.d through all the limbs 
 venenum cunctos artus pervasit, Tac-. 
 to be widely d.d, longe lateque fluere, 
 Cic. 
 
 diffuse (adj.): 1. ffisus (in Cic 
 an epithet of praise; applicable to a 
 free, flouring style: de Or. 2, j8, 159)^ 
 the sense of the Eng. may be given by 
 an adv., as nimis fusus; or by the 
 compar., fusior: v. L. G. $ J51. 2. 
 diflusus (also used without censure) : 
 an expanded, d. style, dilatata et d. 
 oratio, opp. to angusla atque concisa, 
 Cic. Or. 56, iS^. 3. verbosus: v. ver- 
 bose. 4. redundans (with excess 
 of epithets and illustration) : Join: 
 parum pressus et redundans, Cic. ; re- 
 dundans et superfluens, Cic. Phr.: to 
 become d. (of style), fluere, Cic. : less d., 
 pressior, Plin. Ep. 
 
 diffusely: 1. effuse: to speak 
 too d., effusius dicere, Plin. 2. parum 
 presse : v. concisely. 3. rednn- 
 
 danter (v. diffusk, 4) : Plin. Ep. 4. 
 fQsius, latins, aniplius (the compar. im- 
 plying excess: L. G. J J51): i. e. too 
 copiouslt (q. v.). 5. verbose : v. 
 VERBOSELY. Phr.: to speak too d., re- 
 dundare ac superfluere oratione, based 
 on Cic. 
 
 diffuseness: oratio parum pressa, 
 orationis geims redundans atque super- 
 fluens, verbosuni : V. DIFFIT.SE. 
 
 diffusion : diffusio. Sen. But usu 
 better expr. by verb: by the d. of the 
 blood through the veins, *sanguine per 
 venas diffuso : v. to diffuse. 
 
 dig : 1. f odio, fodi, fossum, j : to 
 d. a garden, hortum f., PI.: to d. the 
 .felds, arva f., Ov. : to d. i< ells, puteos f., 
 Caes. Absol., lie d.s ; he ./inds a con- 
 sid/irable (quantity) of gold, fodit; in- 
 venit auri aliquanlum, Cic Also, to d. 
 up: to d. up silvei; argentum f., Liv. 
 Also comps. (1.) infSdio, j (to dig 
 in) : the place must be dug (in) to a 
 depth of two feet, locus altc duos pedes 
 inlbdiendus est, Col. (2.) effSdio, j 
 (to d. Old) : to d. out silver (and) gold, 
 argentum, aurum eff., Cic. : to d. out 
 a lake, laciim eff., Suet. : v. to exca- 
 vate. (3.) confSdio, ? (to dig up): to 
 dig up a garden, hortum conf., PI. : 
 Col. (4.) delCdio, j (sim. fo confodio) : 
 to dig up the earth, terram d., Hor. : 
 Virg. (5.) circumlodio, j (tod. round): 
 to d. round trees, arbores circ, Plin. : 
 Sen. (6.) perfodio, j (to d. through) : 
 to d. through %talls, parietes p., Cic. 
 (7.) rfif Odio, j (to d. up again) : Col. : 
 Plin. 2. eruo, ui, iitum, 3 (to d. up 
 with violence) : to d. vp a dead body, 
 mortuum e., Cic : to d. up by the roots, 
 radicituse., Plin. Phr.: tod. (any one) 
 in the Hbs, latus alicui fodicare (al. 
 fodere), Hor. 
 
 digamma: dlgamma, atis, n.; di- 
 gamm6n, i, »!.,digammos, i,/. (sc. lilera): 
 Quint. : Prise : Serv. 
 
 digest (.subs.) : digesta, orum (only 
 found in pi., and of legal d.s): Gell. : 
 esp. ^ pandectae. Just. Cod. 
 
 digest (i'): I. To arrange: 1. 
 diggro, gessi, gestum, j : to d. and clas- 
 sify the civil laiv into kituls, jus civile 
 in genera d., Cic. 2. dispono, } : v. 
 
 TO A.RRANGE, SET IN ORDER. ||, With 
 
 ref. to food ; to assimilate : \. con- 
 cOquo, xi, ctum, j (to dissolve, turn to 
 chyle): to d. by the heat of the stomach, 
 siomachi calore c, Cic : food very easy 
 to d., cibus facillimus ad concoquendum, 
 Cic. Less freq., cOquo : d.'d food, cibus 
 coctus, Cic 2. digero, j (lit., to dii- 
 tribute through the system) that (the 
 food) may be more easily d.'d, quo facil 
 
 ius (cibi) digerantur. Quint. 3. dl- 
 duco, xi, ctum, 3 (like digero): to d. 
 food, cibum d., Cels. 4. conficio, 
 feci, fecium, j: Quint.: Plin. |||. 
 Fig.: to consider maturely : concoquo, 
 j: Cic: Sen. Phr.: well d.'d reading, 
 lectio [non cruda sed") multa iteratione 
 mollita et velut confecta. Quint. 10, i, 
 iq: in the same context Quint, has, 
 (quae legimus) repetere et tractare. 
 IV. To brook : concoquo, j : to d. 
 any one's hatred, alicujus odia c, Cic. . 
 
 V. TO PUT IP WITH. 
 
 digestible : quod facile concoqui 
 potest, facilis ad concoquendum : v. to 
 DKJEST (digestibilis only in Coel. Aur.). 
 
 digestion: I. Arrangement: di- 
 gestio, dispositio : v. arrangement 
 II, Tlie alimentary process : 1. 
 concoctio : fruit difficult of d., fructus 
 difficilis concoctioni, Plin. 2. "K- 
 
 gestio : a good d., facilis d., Quint. 3. 
 coctio ■ riin. 4. digestus, us, m. t 
 Macr. Phr.: with a bad d., crudus, 
 Cic 
 
 digestive: 1. digestorius: Plin. 
 Valer. ; Marc. Empir. 2. pepticus: 
 Plin. 3. coctivns (all late, and in- 
 admissible in classical Latinity). Phr.: 
 the d. oigans, alvus, i, /. : Cic. : v. 
 
 BOWELS. 
 
 digger : fossor : Hor. (or imperf. 
 part, of lodio: esp. in pi.: v. L. G. 
 i 6j8). 
 
 digging (subs.) : 1, fossio : Cic. 
 2. lossura : Col. : Suet. (But usu. 
 better expr. by verb : v. to diu.) 
 
 dight : insignis, distinctus, etc. : v. 
 adorned. 
 
 digit : obsol. except in sense of any 
 number undei- 10 : *1ufra decern nu- 
 merus. 
 
 digitated: digitatus: Plin. 
 
 dignified '■ 1. gravis, e : d. with- 
 out arrogance, gr. sine arrogatilia, Ci& 
 2. augustus : v. majestic. 3. 
 amplus : v. distinguished. Phr. : in 
 a d. manner, graviter, cum dignitate, 
 Cic. : V. dignity. 
 
 dignifir : I. To raise to distinc 
 tion : honesto, hOnoio : v. To HONOUR, 
 promote. II, To shed lustrt upon : 
 illuslro, Cic. : v. to grace. 
 
 dignitary : *clericus qui ampliorem 
 dignitatis gradum consecutus est, R. 
 and A. (Plin. has dignitates in concrete 
 sense, dignitates mentiri non piget.) 
 
 dignity: \. High position : 1. 
 digiiitas (of a?!.)/ position which canies 
 II eight and influence): to raise from a 
 humble station to the highest d., ex 
 humill loco ad summam d. perducere, 
 Caes.: Cic: v. rank. 2. amplitiido, 
 inis,/. (stronger than preced. ; high dis- 
 tinction) : Cic. : V. distinction. 3. 
 h6nos or -or, oris, m. : v. honour. 4. 
 fastigium : v. eminence. ||. An air 
 of authority and grace : 1. dignitas : 
 d. of form, formae d.. Suet. : to preserve 
 d. in difficult circumstances, in rebus 
 aspens d. retinere, Cic : totally to lack 
 d., nuUam d. habere, Cic. 2. m^eslas : 
 nhat d. there v as in his speech, quanta 
 illi fuit gravitas, quanta in oratione 
 m. ! Cic. : the d. and modesty (of women), 
 m. et pudor, Liy. : v. majesty. 3. 
 dgcor, oris, m.: t. grace. Phr.: to 
 fall iHth d., honeste occumbere, Cic; 
 honestp cidere. Suet. : to act with d., 
 graviter agere, Cic. 
 
 digress: 1. digrgdior, gressus, j 
 (not de) : let us return to the point 
 whence we d.'d, eo unde hue digressi 
 sunius revertamur, Cic. : to d. for the 
 sake fif amusement, deiecumdi causa d. 
 (paruniper) de causa, Cic. 2. declino, 
 I : uhence I d.'d, unde hue declinavit 
 oratio, Cic. : Quint. 3. aberro, i (to 
 1/ anderfrom the jioint unintentim'ial y) : 
 let us return to the point we d.'d fiom, 
 redeat unde aberravit oratio, Cic. : v. to 
 wander. 4. diverio, ti, sum, j : to 
 d. to a point, in allquid d., Plin.. Cic. 
 5, deflecto, xi, xuni, ? : with sub- 
 ject oratio, Cic. 6. egredlur, gressus, 
 J (rare) : Cic. : Quint. 7. evagor, I 
 
 V. TO WANDER. 
 
 digression : 1. digresslo : that a.
 
 DIGRESSIVE 
 
 DIM 
 
 DIMPLE 
 
 gfyeurs, ista tua [a proposita orationp] 
 d., Cic. : Quint, (who has also digressus, 
 us). 2. declinaiio (rare): Clc. 3. 
 devertlculuni (esp. of what is interesting 
 a7id amusing) : to be on the look out for 
 d.'s pleasant to tlie leader, legontlbiis 
 [velut] amoena d. qiiaerere, l^iv. 4. 
 excessus, us, m. : Pliii. : yiiiiit. 5. 
 excursio and excursus, us, m. : Quint. 
 P h r. : to malce a d. from a subject, 
 alicniide digredi, declinare, etc.: v. to 
 
 DIGUKSS. 
 
 digressive : cxpr. by verbs uniler 
 TO dk;i;ks.s ^q. v.): a d. u-riter, *qui 
 saepius a prtiposita oralione digredi lur, 
 etc. 
 
 digressively : I'hr. ; to talk d., 
 errare ct vapin lonpius in dicendo, Cic. : 
 
 V. DIGRK-SSIO.S, TO I>l(iRK.S.S. 
 
 dijudicate: JQdico, dijudico, i : V. 
 
 TO I)i (-IDE. 
 
 dike : I. -4 ditch-, fossa: V. DITCH. 
 II. A mound of earth : acgi-r. 6ris, 
 m.: V. MOUND. III. A stone fence: 
 
 micSria : v. fenci:, wall. 
 
 dilacerate : lunio, laciSro : v. to 
 i.ACi:R,\Tr 
 
 dilapidated ( mrt. adj.) -. \, 
 
 ruinosus {in a state if decaij, or actu- 
 ally in 7'uins) .- d. houses, r. aedes, Clc. : 
 Sen. : Ov. 2. lollapsus (strictly, thai 
 has falUn in) ■ temples d. from an- 
 tiquity, aedes sacrae vetuslate c. Suet. 
 3. piiter, tris, tre: the d. temple 
 of Vacuna, Vacunae p. fanuni, Hur. : 
 
 V. DECAYED, MOULDERINci. 4. I'bso- 
 
 letus (lit. disused): Hnr. P h r. : to 
 fiecwn* d.,collabi, putrescCre (v. to de- 
 cay, fall): to build temple.1 with the 
 materials of other d. temples, ruinis 
 temploruin tenipla aedificare, Li v. 
 Fig.: / say nothing of your d. for- 
 tunes, praetermitto ruinas lortunarutii 
 tuarum, Cic: v. ruin, ruined. (N.B. 
 By no me;ins dilapidatus.) 
 
 dilapidation : I. Demolition : 
 
 Tuina : v. demolition, destruction. 
 
 Phr. : in a state of d., ruinosus, Cic. 
 
 II, Kig. : ot fortunes, etc.: ruina, 
 
 Cic. : V. ruin. 
 
 dilatation: dllStatio: Tert. Phr.: 
 tosutTerd.. dilatari, Cic: Plin. : v. ex- 
 pansion, extension. 
 
 dilate :_ I, To expand (physiaiUy) : 
 1. dilato, i: (rpp. to contraho: v 
 TO enlarge. In Lntrans. sense, dilator 
 (or dilato with proti. refi.), Cic. 2. 
 la.\o, 1 : V. to expand. ||. To en- 
 large lipotl : dilato, I : to ENLARGt, 
 AMl'I.IFV. 
 
 dilatorily : cunctanter, Liv. : Suet. 
 See also tardilv. slowly. 
 
 dilatoriness : 1. tarditas : v. 
 SL0WNE.SS. 2. ignavia (of any kind 
 of backirardness) : v. sloth. 3. 
 
 ciinctatio (strictly, the act of delaying) ': 
 to lose an object by d., cunctatiune et 
 tarditate aliquid amittere, Cic. (The 
 pi. may be used to denote the abstract 
 quality, cf. L. G. } 591.) Phr.: by d., 
 cunctando, \'irg. 
 
 dilatory : l._ cunctabundus : Liv. : 
 Tac. 2. ignavus : v. inactive, 
 
 slothful. 3. lentus (esp. of one 
 who takes things coolly) : v. slow. 
 Phr.: to be d., cessare. Per. ; Hor. (v. 
 to idle, Lom.n): a U. person, dilator, 
 Hor. ; cunctator, Coel. ap. Cic. ; Liv. ; 
 cessator, Cic. 
 
 dilemma: I. logical: \, di- 
 lemma, atis, n. (Gr. SiAcfi/ua) : Serv. ad 
 Aen. : M. L. 2. complexio, Clc. 
 
 ("complexio est in qua utrum con- 
 ccsseris, reprehenditur," Inv. i, jq, 45 : 
 but dilemma is to be preferred as logical 
 t. t.). 3. biceps argumentum, Apul. 
 
 4. syllogismus coriiutus, Hier. ||. 
 A difficulty : angusliae, arum : v. 
 siRAiT, difficulty. I' h r. : to be in a 
 d., baerere, Cic. ; haerere in salebra, 
 Clc. 
 
 dilettante : *qui artlbus elegunt- 
 loribus aiiimi causa studet; elegaiis 
 artihcioruiii e.\istimator, spectator. i 
 
 dilettantism: elegantlae (?) : V. 
 refixi:mI',xt. | 
 
 diligence : 1. dlligentia (lare i 
 
 and altentiun) : to tue, study, d., d. ad- 1 
 
 hibere, colere, Cic. : to relax d. in study, 
 d. in perdiscendo remlttere, Caes. 2. 
 industria : Cic. : Nep. : .Suet. : v. in- 
 DU.STRY. Join: dlligentia industri- 
 aque, Cic. 3, asslduTUis {anntant, 
 untiring attention): to attain an object 
 by d. and energi/, a-ssiduitale et virlute 
 aliquid coiisequi, Cic. : v. assiduity, 
 ATTENTION. 4. sedullias (zealous, 
 
 faithful deration to an object) ■ .loin; 
 "peram et sedulltiUeni (allcnjus laudare), 
 Cic. ; sedulitas ac dlligentia. Suet. 5, 
 gniivltas or navltas : v. activity". 
 Phr.: to use all one's d., dare op<'ram 
 ut (in negative senu-nce, lie) . . . ,Sall. : 
 Cic; diligenter curare ut (ne), Cic: v. 
 
 TO DENOTE (oneself). 
 
 diligent: 1. dillgens, ntis (care- 
 ful, carefully attentive to: usu. wiih 
 gen., also prep.) : a very d. student of 
 ancient literature, vlr lUerarum dili- 
 geniissimus, Gell.: d. vriling, assidua 
 et diligens scriptura, Cic. 2, a.-si- 
 duus (ci/nstardly, untiringly attentive) : 
 
 V. ASSIDUOUS, CONSTANT. 3. illdus- 
 
 trius (industrious : q. v.) : Join; 
 homo gnaviis (active) et industrius, 
 expericntissimus (trying every means) 
 et diligentisslmus, Cic. 4. sedulus 
 (zeaUiusly devoted to) : d. service, mliiis- 
 terium, opera s., Apul. : Cic. 5. 
 
 gnavus (iiavus), impTger: v. active. 
 6. acer, cris, ere (applicable to any 
 vigoious action or feeling): so d. care 
 as this, haec tarn a. ciira atqiie dlli- 
 gentia, Cic : v. VIGOROUS. See also 
 
 ATTEXriVE. 
 
 diligently : 1, dllTgenter ; Cic. : 
 Caes. ; very d., perdiligenter, Cic. 2, 
 sedulo : Liv. : PI. 3. Industrie : 
 
 Join: diligenter industrieque admin- 
 istrare, C^es. ; v. inuustriou.slv. 4, 
 acriter: v. vigorously. 
 
 dill: anetbum (*graveolens, L.): 
 Plin.: Virg. 
 
 diluent: |. Adj.: quod diluit, 
 dilutum facit; v. to dilute. ||, 
 
 Subst. ; *dlluens remedium, Krauss 
 in K. and A. 
 
 dilute : 1. dliuo, lui, liituni, j : 
 to d. poison, vencnuni d., Liv.: to d. 
 wine, vinum d., iMart. : Virg. 2, 
 
 misceo, tempero (to combine in due pro- 
 po)tion): V. to MIX. 3, restinguo, 
 iixi, nctum, j (poet, of wine): to d. 
 (slake) Falernian trine with water, 
 Falerni pocula r. lynipha, Hor. 
 
 diluted: dilauis: d. Falemian, d. 
 Faleriiuni, Mart. F i g. ; of weak, feeble 1 
 expression : Gell. 
 
 dilution: |. The act of diluting : 
 teniperatio, mixtura: v. mixture. (Rut 
 usu. better expr. by verb : Falernian is 
 pleasatiter for d., jucun^iiiis est Faler- 
 num dilutum V. to DILUTE.) ||, The 
 mixture: dilutum: I'lin. 
 
 diluvial: dliavialis, e: Solin. 
 
 dim (<f (?■) : 1. hebes, eiis (both 
 in act. and pass, sense) ; an eye natur- 
 ally d., oculus natura b., PJin.: a d. 
 torch, b. lampas. Slat. : v. dull. 2, 
 obscfirus (unly in pass, sense): a d. 
 light, lux ubs., Liv.; lumen obs., Sail.: 
 v. oitscuRK, DARK. 3. lauguidus: d. 
 lights, 1. lumiiia, Plip.. Phr.: to be d. : 
 CI) hfbeo, 2; the planet Venus is d.. 
 Veneris sidus bebet, Lucan. : Val. Fl. 
 (2) langueo, 2 (poet.) : the (moon) beam 
 is d. and cloudy, nimbosura languet 
 jubar, Stat.: Prop.: to become d.^ (I) 
 h6besco, } : the heavenly bodies grow 
 d., liebescunt sidera, Tiic. : f i g. ol the 
 eye of the mind, hebescit acles mentis, 
 Cic. (2) hebeior, 1 : v. to dim. (y) 
 btbCtesco, } (late and rare): Plin. (4) 
 languesco, ; : the moon seemed suddenly 
 to groir d., luna repente visa languescere, 
 ["ac. (where, however, the reference Is 
 to an eclipse): the eyes grom d. in 
 death, languescunt lumina morte. Cat. 
 (5) obscdior, I ; v. to dim. To make 
 d., liSbeto. I ; v. foil, art 
 
 dim ('■)• 1. bgbeto, i: day had 
 d.'d the stars, dieshebeiaiat sldeni, Ov. ; 
 I'lin. 2. obsciiro, i : the light of a 
 lamp is d.'d by the light of the sun, 
 lumen liicernae obsciiratiir luce soils, 
 Ci*. Fig.: ttte recollection was gradu- 
 
 ally d.'d, memoria sensim o'w:;curata eetj 
 Cic. 3. (sensim) exstinguo, nxj, 
 
 ncliim, } : v. to put out. 
 
 dim-sighted: lippus (in., blear. 
 eyed): v. Hor. Sal. 1, ;, ;; : mt.re pre- 
 cisely, ciii heb'-s est (h' bet) oculurum 
 acies: v dim (adj. and verb). Pbr.: to 
 be d., caligare, Cels. 
 
 dim-sightedness : catigines, bebe- 
 
 tatio oculonirii, Plin.: v. di.mnf>s. 
 
 dimension: 1, mensura (- /aJte 
 tlie d.s of anything, luensuram alicujog 
 rei agcre. Plin. 2. m6dus Vie d.s in 
 depth and breadth, m. altitudiiiig et 
 laiitudlnis, 0>1. ; Cic. Phr ; of ample 
 d.s, ampins, Cic. ; of exiramdinary da, 
 enomiis. Suet. : v. measure, measube- 
 
 MENT. 
 
 diminish: I, Trans..- x. 
 niTniiu, ul, uluni, j : to d. expense, &\im^ 
 tus m., Cic. ; to d. the fear of soldiers, 
 m. timorem militum, Hirt, AUocomps. 
 (I.) immlnuo, j (not perceptibly dif- 
 ferent from minuo in this sense): Cic 
 (2.) demliiuo, j (to take ever so little 
 frmn : diniinuo Is to break in pieces; 
 but ihe MSS. often vary) : to d. by ever 
 so little the briif space of time, aliquid 
 de hoc lam exiguo wnipore d., Cic ; Liv. 
 
 2. ISvo, I (in certain connexions only ; 
 viz., where weight, value, or dignity are 
 concerned): authority is d.'d by incon- 
 sistency, auctoritas levatur inconslantia, 
 Cic. : to d. prices (of corn), annonam 1., 
 Cic: vuxny promise^ d. faith, multa 
 fidem promissa levant, Hor. SIraly, the 
 comp. elgvo. i : to d. influence, auctori- 
 tatem p., LIv. : to d. fame, famam e, 
 Liv.: Cic. 3. extSnuo, i (to reduce 
 to little) : to d. any one's troubles 
 (greatly), molestias aliciijus ex., Cic : v. 
 to REDUCE. 4. detraho, xi, ctuin, j 
 (to take anglit from : hence usu. loll, 
 by de or e.v and ail., or dat.) : to J. tlie 
 sum total (a little), aliquid de summa 
 d., Cic ; to d. one's efforts, aliquantum 
 de studio d., Cic. : v. to detract from 
 5. lenio, 4 (as of care, pain) : v. 
 TO ease, assuage. II. lntrans.: 
 minuor, ininunuor, extfiiiu(rr, etc.: v. 
 siijir.. and TO DIXREASE. 
 
 diminution: 1. imminuiio, Cic. 
 
 2. nnnutio : Quiiit. : Gell. 3. 
 deminutio ; Cic. (But often better 
 expr. by verb; his auUiority has suf- 
 fered d., imminuia est ejus auctorita.-*, 
 etc.; V. TO DIMINISH.) Phr. d. of 
 pain, remissio doloris. Scrib. ; for which 
 Cic. has relaxatio. Fin. 2, 29, 9? (v. 
 ABATEMENT); d. of taxes, tributi leva- 
 mentuin, Tac : d. ^strength, d. virium : 
 
 V. DECAY. 
 
 diminutive (<kO"-) '■ parvus, piisilius. 
 
 exigllUS : V. SMALL, TINY. In giaiB 
 lieniinutivusr v. foil. art. 
 
 diminutive (suiis.)-. 1. nome 
 deniinutivum (dim.). Prise: also simply 
 deminutivum, Prise 2, dcminutum 
 (.■-■c. nomin): Quint. 
 
 diniinutivelv : '• «• i" the diminu- 
 tive form : •demiiiuiive : Ascon. 
 
 dimissory : dimlssorius; only In 
 phr. dimissoiiae liti rae, also called apo- 
 stoli: i. e. littas dismissing a case to 
 another court : ModesL L)lg. 50, 16, 
 106. 
 
 dimness: 1. obscuritas: d. of 
 vision, ob. visus. Plin. ; also 01 habitual 
 d., in pi. : to cure d. of vijtiim, obscuri- 
 tatibus oculoiiira meilerl, Plin. : v. 
 DARKNESS, OBSCURITY. (01*curaiio solis 
 ill Quint., etc, Is actual eclipse.) 2. 
 hebC'tudo (rare) : v. dulnkss. 3. 
 hfibtSiiiiio (rare): to cure d. oj eyrsight, 
 h. oculorum mederl, Plin. 4, caligo, 
 m\i,f. (a kind of filminess or obscura- 
 tion resting tm the eyes): d. of sight 
 follows Ihe ill inking of Inml^ck. cicutam 
 potam c inseqiiitur, Scrib. esp. in pi., 
 of hatiitual d. of sight : to cure it, 
 oculorum caligines sanare, levare, dis- 
 cutere, Plin.: a d. covered mt/ eyes, ot 
 oculos c stetit, PI. See also faint- 
 
 NES-S. 
 
 dimple : 1, liSciina (cf. Ov. A. A. 
 J, 28?) rounded chee'.-s and a d. in the 
 middle of the chin, genae ttretes ac 
 medio meuto 1., Apul. (but the word 
 209
 
 DIM PLEB 
 
 DIRECT 
 
 DIRECTOR 
 
 may denote any indentatum : q. v.). 
 
 2. gei4slnu3 (yeAaiTtvos- produced 
 by laughing) : Mart. 
 
 dimpled : *suaviter lacunas agens. 
 Phr : a cfu-ek that is not d., gena cui 
 gelasinus abest. Mart. : v. dimple. 
 
 dimply; *suaviter lacunosus (Cic. 
 uses lacunosus as a term of disparage- 
 ment, N. D. 2, i8, 4"j) ; suaviter lacunas 
 agens; cui gelasinus non deest: v. 
 
 DIMPLE. 
 
 din (subs.) : 1. strgpitus, us (any 
 loud, /larsk noise) : the d. of wheels, s. 
 rotariim, Caes. : the d. of (the streets of) 
 Rome, s. Rumae, Hor. : the d. of war, s. 
 belli, Liv. 2. s6nitus, (is. the d. of 
 arms, s. armorum, Virg. : v. .sound. 
 
 3. frigur ; V. crash, noisk. Phr.: 
 to make a d., strepere, Hor.: Liv.: t. 
 
 NOISE. 
 
 din (w ) : 1, obstrgpo, strepui, 
 strepitum, i (to haul out against) : Liv. 
 
 2. obtundo, tudi, tiisum, j (to beat 
 against, into) : they d.'d into his ears 
 that you had be'tn the praetor's confede- 
 rate, obtuderunt ejus aures, te socium 
 praetoris fuisse, Cic. : v. to deafen. 
 
 3. decanto, i (to keep repeating) -. 
 to d. into any one s ears trite rules, alicui 
 pervulgata praecepta d., Cic. 
 
 dine ; coeno, avi and atus sum, i 
 (the best word ; coena being the prin- 
 cipal meal): to d. iiith any one (as a 
 guest), apud aliquem c, Cic : to d. with 
 any one (in company), cum aliquo c, 
 Hor. : with ace. (poet.), to d. wi vege- 
 tables, olus c, Hor. Frequent., coenito. 
 I (rare) : if I were in the habit of d.ing 
 out, si foris coenitarem, Cic, (But 
 prandeo may perhaps be used of the 
 plain monnng or mid-day dining of 
 labourers, soldiers : v. to breakfast.) 
 
 dinginess: 1. fusel tas: v. dark- 
 
 NE&s. 2. squalor (esp. of the mourn- 
 ing attire xvorn by Romans) : Join: 
 squalor sordesque, Cic.: v. foulness, 
 
 FILTH. 
 
 dingle: vallls, convallis: v. dell. 
 
 dingy ; 1. fuscus : v. dark, 
 MCRKY. 2. staber, bra. brum (lit. 
 row/li) : d. and unshorn, s. intonsusque, 
 Hor. Kp. I, "], qo. 3. squalidus, sor- 
 didus : V, DiEir. 4. subniger : v. 
 
 BLACKISH. 
 
 dining - conch : triclinium (for 
 three) : Cic. : I'liii. 
 
 dining-room: 1. coenatio (dun., 
 coetiatiunciila, Plin.) : I'lin.: Juv. (Not 
 coenaculum, cf. Hor. Ep. i, i, qi.) 2. 
 rgfectorium (late) : v. refectorv. Phr.: 
 d. cupboards, apothecae tricliniarcs, 
 Varr. 
 
 dinner : coena (dim., coentila, Cic. ; 
 Man.) . the most suitable word : v. 
 Diet. Ant. s. V. : to invite any one to d., 
 aliquem ad c. vocare, invi tare, Cic. : to 
 accept an invitation to d., promittere ad 
 C, I'l.: Pliaedr. : to give any one a d., c. 
 alicui dare. Cic. : during d., inter c. 
 (also inter coeiiandum), Cic ; super c. 
 Suet. ; to gtt a d. ready, c. apparare, 
 Ter. : to cook a d., c coquere, I'l. Phr. : 
 to .feel inclined for d., coenaturire, 
 Man. 
 
 dinnerleSS 1. impransus (strictly, 
 unbrealifasied, fasting) : Hor. 2. in- 
 coenatus: Cato: PI. 3. sine coena: 
 
 V DINNER. 
 
 dinner-party : 1. coena : a large 
 d. is seated, ingens coena sedet, Juv. : 
 Cic: V. DINNER. 2. con\ivium (any 
 genial entertainment) : v. banquet. 
 
 dinner-time : bora coenandi. Phr.: 
 our d. is three oclock. tertia liora (apud 
 nos) coenatur : during d., inter coenam, 
 coenandum, Cic. 
 
 dint (subs.) : I, Stroke : ictus, lis : 
 V. BLOW. II. The nuirk of a blow : 
 vestigium : v. trace, inde.ntation. 
 Phr.: by d. of, per, non sine, a^jutus 
 (fiided by): V. mean.s of (by). 
 
 dint ("•) '■ 1. signo, I : V. to mark. 
 
 2. Imprlmo, pressl, ssum, j : with 
 
 notam or some such ace. : v. to im- 
 
 FBINT. 
 
 diocesan (subs.) -. •episcSpus (bishop) 
 ordlnarlus ■ v. ordinary (suis.). 
 diocese: dloecesis, is,/. : Sidon. 
 
 dioptrics: dloptrlcC, es,/. • Cartes. 
 
 dip (v.) : A. r I" a n s. : 1. mergo, 
 si, sum, ; : v. to plunge. 2. tingo 
 or tinguo, nxi, nctum, } (to wet by dip- 
 ping) : to d. brasses in the jiool, aera 
 lacu t., Virg. . he d.s the tips of his feet 
 in the waves, in undis sunima pedum 
 . . . tlngit, Ov.: v. to moisten. 3. 
 intingo or -guo, j (to d. in) : to d. any- 
 thing in vater, aliquid in aqua in., 
 Vitr. : torches d.'d {txUhed) in blood, 
 sanguine intinctae faces, Ov. : also of 
 baptism,TeTi. B. In trans.: |. 
 To plunge oneself: 1. mergor, sus, 
 } (or mergo with pron. refl.) : Bootes . . . 
 d.s in the Ocean, Bootes mergiturOceano, 
 Cat. : V. to .>iiNK. 2. tingor or tin- 
 guor, nctus, { (or tingo with pron. rejl.) : 
 to d. in the Ocean (as stars), tingi 
 aequore, tingere se Oceaiio, Virg. jj. 
 To be depressed : 1, premor, ssus, j : 
 the uorld d.s towards the south, mundns 
 premitur ad austros, Viig. : v. to sink. 
 2. vergo, }: v. to incline. 3. 
 declino, i : v. to decline. |||. To 
 dip into (a book): 1. attingu, tigi, 
 tacium, J: V. to glance at, dabble 
 '^■- 2. perstringo, n.\i, ctuni, j : just 
 to d. into (glance at) each subject, tant- 
 ummodo p. unamquamque rem, Cic: 
 
 v. TO SKIM. 
 
 dip (subs.) : I, Immersion : ex- 
 
 press by mergo, tingo : v. to nrp. ||. 
 A depression: 1. deve.xitas (rare): 
 Plin. : V. INCLINATION. 2. dever- 
 
 gentia (rare) : Gell. (Or expr. by verb : 
 the earth makes a d., premitur: v. TO 
 dip, IL) 
 
 diphthong: diphthongus, 1, /. : 
 llarc. Cap. : Prise. 
 
 diploma : 1. diploma, atls, n. 
 
 (credentials, letter of recommendation) : 
 Suet : Sen. 2. codicilli, orum (any 
 warrant or writ : q. v.) : Suet. : Cod. 
 Theod. (For an university d., perh. 
 better, • lestimonium honoris causa 
 datum ac signatum.) 
 
 diplomatic: expr. by legalio: to 
 discliarge a d. missimi, legaiione fungi, 
 Tac. : d. science, *earum rerum scientia 
 quae ad legationes, ad commercia (foe- 
 dera) inter gentea instituenda pertinent. 
 
 diplomacy: no exact vord: Phr.: 
 to settle matters by d rather than by 
 war, *per legatos, legationibus potius 
 quam bello ("colloquio inter partes in- 
 siituto," Puffend.) res componere: the 
 lules of d., *leges (mos institutus) 
 gentium inter se coninierciorum. 
 
 diplomatist : * homo legalionmn 
 peritus : an experienced d., homo in 
 legationibus e.xercitatus ac saepe ver- 
 satus, based on Cic: v. diplomacy. 
 
 diptotes : diptota, orum : Prise. 
 
 dire: dirus: V. FELL, dreadful. 
 
 direct (adj ) -. rectus : esp. in abl. 
 fern., to go by a d. route, recta tendere, 
 Hor.: V. straight. Phr.: logo direct 
 anyiihere, perggre : v. to go. 
 
 direct (''■) : I. To point straight : 
 1. dingo, rexi, rectum, j : to d 
 one's corns'- towards the shore, cursum 
 (iter) ad litora d., Caes ; to d. one's 
 horse against the consul, equum in con- 
 sulem d., Liv. : to d. one's gaze upon 
 any one, aciem oculorum ad aliquem d.. 
 Cat. 2. intendo, di, tum or sum, j: 
 V. to aim. 3. adverto, ti, sum, j to 
 d. the prows toioards the land, terrae 
 [ad terram] proras ad., Virg. : v. to 
 TURN (TOWARDS). Phr.: to d. one's 
 course to a pluce, tendere, Cic. ; if by a 
 direct route, recta tendere, pergere (v. 
 DIRECT, adj.) : to d. the eyes towards, 
 conjicere oculos ad .... , Cic. (v. to 
 cast) : to d. one's attention (thoughts), 
 to anything, attendere animum ad ali- 
 quid, Cic. II. To inform : dOceo, 2 : v. 
 TO inform, ACQUAINT. P t> T. : to d. any 
 one in the way, alicui monstrare viam, 
 Enn. ap. Cic. : Juv. : v. to point out. 
 III. ^'o regulate: \, dirlgo, j: 
 to d. one's life by the sure rule of 
 reason, vltam ad certam rationis iior- 
 mam d., Cic. : v. to guide. 2. rcgo, 
 xi, ctum, J : to d. the motion of the 
 universe, mundi motum r., Cic. : v. to 
 RULE. 3. giiberno, i : v. to con- 
 
 TEOL. 4. tempgro, i (in this sense 
 usu. with ace.) : v. to regulate. |y. 
 To charge, order : 1. praecipio, cepi, 
 ceptum, } (to give instructions with 
 authoHty) : the priestess d.'d the en- 
 quirers to take Miltiades for their gene- 
 ral, consulentibus Pythia praecepit ut 
 Miltiadem sibi imperatorem sumerent, 
 Nep. : of military instruction, Caes. 
 
 2. praescribo, psi, ptum, j : v. to 
 PRFscKiBE. 3. jiibeo, 2 (with ace. 
 and iif.) : v. to ordkr. V. To ad- 
 diess a letter: inscribe, psi, pium, } ; a 
 ktler d.'d to his father, epistola inscripta 
 patri suo, Cic. 
 
 direction : I. The act of direct- 
 ing towards: dlrectio: the d. of the 
 reason towards truth, d. rationis ad 
 veritatem. Quint, (or expr. by verb- v. 
 TO direct, I). II. The act of paint- 
 ing out: monstratio (as of a way): 
 Ter. III. Line of motion: 1. 
 
 cursus, lis, m. : to ketp the same d, 
 cursum tenere, CaeR. . v. course. 2. 
 Iter, via : v. way. rotjte, path. (N.B. 
 Not directio, in this sense.) Phr.: in 
 a straight d., recta via, Cic. |V. 
 
 Line of observation: \, pars, rtis, 
 f. : in the d. in which the legion had 
 marched, in ea p. quam in p. legio iter 
 fecisset, Caes. 2. rggio, onis, /. : v. 
 QUARTER. Phr.: to charge in two d.s, 
 bipartito signa inferre, Caes. : to be 
 borne one in one d., another in another, 
 alios alio ferri. Sail. : in wliatever d. he 
 marched, quacumque iter fecit, Cic. : to 
 II ander in what d. one pleases, vagari 
 qua veils, Cic: in what d soever ynu 
 look, quocunque aspicias, Ov. : in all 
 d.s, passim, Caes. : Cic. : in every d., 
 quoquoversus, Caes. : Cic. : in both d.s, 
 utroque, Cic: Liv.: in a downward d., 
 deorsum versus, Cato: in an upward 
 d., sursum versus, Cic. .- in the d. «f 
 Hrundusium, Brundusium versus, Cic. : 
 in the d. of the Ocean, ad Oceanum 
 versus, Caes.: in the d. of Gaul, in 
 Galliam versus, Caes. : v. towari>s. 
 V. Regulation : 1, rfgimen, 
 
 inis, n. : the d. of the ivhole magistracy 
 was in the hands of Appius, r. totius 
 magistratus penes Appium erat, Liv. r 
 Tac. : Suet. 2. gtibernaiio the d. of 
 a plan, consilii g., Cic. : v. control. 
 
 3. adminittratio ■ v. management. 
 Phr. : uifder the d. of Tiberius, auspi- 
 ciis Tiberii, Tac. (v. auspices) : to be 
 under tlie d. of another, in arbitrio aJier- 
 ius (alieni arbitrii) esse, J'ac. V|, 
 Instruction to act in a certain way: 
 
 1. praescriptio ; this d. of nature, 
 haec p. naturae, Cic. 2. praeceptum : 
 to act according to d., ad praescriptum 
 agere, Caes.: according to Cicero's d., 
 ex p. Cicerunis, Sail.: v. injunction, 
 instruction. Phr.: to submit to the 
 d. of the senate, in patrum auctoritate 
 esse, Liv. y||. 'j he address of a 
 letter: inscriptio: v. to address (V.). 
 
 VIII. O.tl'ce or body of directors: 
 curatores: v. director. 
 
 directly : \, in a right line : 1. 
 directe and directo: Cic. 2. recta 
 (sc. via): v. straight. ||. Imme- 
 diately: 1. protltius, statim : v. im- 
 mediately. 2. mox: I shall be ba£h 
 d., mox ego hue revertor, Ter. : v. 
 
 SOON. 3. jam; V. PRESENTLY. 
 
 directness: I. Lit.: of a route: 
 rectiiiido (rare) : Aggen. iu Front. 
 Phr.: the Romans aimed rather at d. 
 than convenience in making their roads, 
 *in viis njuniendis magis id agebant 
 Komaiii ut rectae eae quam ut faciles 
 conimodaeve essent. ||, Fig.: 
 
 straightforwardness : simpUcitas v. 
 
 FRANKNESS, SIMPLICITY. Phr.' witk 
 
 all possible d., missis (omissis) am- 
 bagibus, Hor. 
 
 director : 1. rector (not director) : 
 the d.s oj youthful age, Juventae rec- 
 tores, lac : v. rulkr. 2. auctor 
 
 (authority and sanction) : each (was) 
 his own d.. sibi quisque a.. Tac. Cic. 
 
 3. niagister : d. of a choir, chori 
 c.inentinm m.. Col.: v. master. 4. 
 gubemator: v. cxintrolleb, goverkob. 
 
 5. ciirator (ftaving charge wfidn-
 
 DIRECTORY 
 
 DISAFFECTED 
 
 DISALLOW 
 
 tponsibility of): Demostherut was d. of 
 the wall-repairt, r)emo8ttiene8 c. fuit 
 maris reficiendis, Cic. v. managkr. 
 6. praeses, Wis : v. j-rksiuknt. 
 Phr. : to be d. oj, pniPesse (v. to pre- 
 sroE), curare (v. carb of, to take), ad- 
 minlstrare (v. to managk). 
 
 directory: I. '^/'< "(H'^^ "/ **'- 
 rector: curallo, magisterium : v. con- 
 trol, MANAGEMENT. ||. The body of 
 directors : 1. magistri : the d. of 
 companies, societatum magistri, Dig 
 2, curatores: v. manager. (Or 
 expr. by part, ol vert)s under to di- 
 rect : to be responsible to the d. of the 
 hospital, *valetudliiariiim curaiitibus ob- 
 noxiurn esse.) 
 
 directress: gubematrix, maglsua, 
 rectrix, ni6Ueralrix : v. govkkness. 
 
 direful: dirus: v. dbeadevl. 
 
 direneSS : dirltas • Clc. : v. dread- 
 
 FULNK.SiS. 
 
 dirge : 1. nenia (,also naenia) : to 
 sing a d., n. canerc. Suet. : Cic. t Hor. 
 2, as periphr., carmen lugulire, 
 Cic. ; carmen funebre, Quint. ; curmina 
 exsequialia, Ov. Phr.: to chant a d. 
 {for any one), aellnon {aX\ti'ov) con- 
 cinere, Ov. 
 
 dirge-like: funebris, lugubrls: v. 
 
 DOLEFUL, funereal. 
 
 dirk: pQgio: v. dagger. 
 
 dirt : 1. sordes, is. /. (usu. in pi.) : 
 let the nails be free from d., sint sine 
 sordibus ungues, Ov. : d. in the ears, 
 sordes aurium, Cic: Hor. 2. coenum : 
 V. MIRE. 3. latum (less offensive 
 than coenum) : v. mud. 4. linius 
 (slimymud): v.mup.sume. 6. fimus 
 (rare in this sense): Virg. : v. dcng. 
 6. illiivies, ei, /. : v. filth. 7. 
 paedor, oris (dirt contracted throuyh 
 neglect or confinement) : v. filth. 8. 
 purgamentuni (lit., that which is 
 cleansed or scoured away): v. refuse, 
 FILTH. Phr. : to be covered with d.. 
 squalere, or better, situ squalere, Quint. 
 See also, ordure. 
 
 dirtily : spurce : v. foullv. 
 
 dirtiness: I. Lit-: 1. spvsr- 
 
 citia and spurci ties, ei,/. (rare): Col.: v. 
 FiLTHiNESS. 2. sordes, ium,/. (coiicr. 
 for abstr.) : the d. of a dilapidated abode, 
 obsoleti s. tecti, Hor. : v. filth. ||. 
 Fig.: Obscenity : turpitudo, obscenitas : 
 V. obscenity. 
 
 dirty (.adj-) ■ I. L i t. : 1. sor- 
 didus: ad. napkin, s. nappa, Hor.: d. 
 children, s. nati, Hor. : very d. teeth, sor- 
 didissimi dentes, Petron. (in prose, sor- 
 didus is chiefly used tig. = i»iea?i, ba.se.) 
 2. spurcus (offensive and disgust- 
 ing) : V. FOUL. 3. Ititeus, luiulen- 
 tus: V. muddy. 4. illotus: v. un- 
 washed. 5. coenosus: v. miry 6, 
 squalidus (strictly, rough) : Plin. : Ov. 
 Phr.: to be d., sordere. PI.: Sen. (more 
 usu. fig., to be little valued) : to become 
 d., sordescere, Hor. : Plin. : the d. sxvine, 
 arnica luto sus, Hor. ||. Mean, shabby : 
 sordidus: v. mean. |||. Bawdy : t\iT- 
 pis. obscenus : v. obscene. 
 
 dirty ("■) • spurco, sordido, foedo : 
 V. to befoul. 
 
 disability : I. ^a^t of ability .- 
 V. inability. II, Inability for offices, 
 honours, etc. : perh. deminiitio : with 
 some defining word, as d. libertatis, Cic. 
 Bull. 2, •]. 16 ; d. capitis (including 
 various degrees of infonority in civil 
 status) : V. Diet. Ant. s. v. caput. Phr.: 
 those who labour under some civU d., 
 quibus pars aliqua Juris (h^mlniita est, 
 Cic. : to regard as a cicil d., aliquid de 
 libcrtatc deminutum putare, Cic: the 
 children of the prosciibed had been 
 placed under a d. as regards offices, 
 •pro-scriptorum liberi bonorum peten- 
 dorum jure privati erant (Nobbe). 
 
 disable ; 1. deblllto, i (to weaken 
 in any way) to d. a person's limbs, ali- 
 cujus membra d., Cic. : fear d.s even prac- 
 tised eloquence, metus exercitaiii quoque 
 eloquentiam d., Tac. : Nep. 2. cuii- 
 ficio, feci, tectum, j (I i t., to finish up): 
 d.d by icounds, vulneribus' confeclus, 
 Caes. : v to df.stroy 3, enervo. 1 
 (to deprive cf vigour and energy) : old 
 
 age has not (ftite d.d or prostrated me, 
 nun plane me enervavii nee afflixit 1*- 
 T>ectus, Cic. : more fully, enervare vires, 
 Hor. 4. afHigo, xi, ctum, } (lit.: to 
 strike doum : hence fig., to give such a 
 bloir as may ]>aralyse an enemy) : to d. 
 the enemy, ojies hostium a., Liv. : v. 
 TO I'KOSTKATE, CRIl'PLE. Phr.: to d. a 
 ship, navem afflictare (R. and A.) : to d. 
 a person from inlieriting, aliquem here- 
 ditatisjure privare: v. disability. 
 
 disabled: l. inhabilis, e (usu. of 
 what is by nature incapable): v. inca- 
 pable. 2. confectus : v. to dis- 
 able (2). 3. defectus {worn out) : d. 
 by years, defectus aruiis [et desertus vl- 
 ribusj, Phaedr. : d. {by years) and bliiid, 
 viribus et acie oculorum defecius, Val. 
 Max. 4. claudus {lame, crippled: 
 q. V.) : d. ships, c. naves, Liv. : Tac. 
 5, mancus {maimed) : Join: 
 mancus et membrls omnibus captus ac 
 debilis, Cic: v. defective. 6. cap- 
 tus (always with abl.) .• d. in the feet, 
 captus pedibus, Liv.: d. in respect of 
 sight and hearing, oculis et auribus c, 
 Cic 7. debilis, e : v. feeble. Phr.: 
 a d. vessel, navis ad navigandum inutllis, 
 Caes. : d. of the right of mting, *jure 
 suffragii (fereiuii) prlvatus: in any 
 respect d. of civil rights, cui aliqua de 
 parte libertas deminuta est : v. disabi- 
 lity. 
 
 disabuse : errorem allcui eripere, 
 Cic; deniere, Hor. : v. to undeceive. 
 
 disaccustom: 1. desuet^io, j 
 (in Cic. only in p. part.) : d.d to public 
 meetings, desuefactus a concionibus, Cic. 
 2. expr. by desuesco, suevi, sue- 
 tum, J {to become d.'d) : the Samnites 
 having become d.'d to endure the shout 
 of a Roman army, Jampridem desueto 
 Samnite clamorem Romani exercitus, 
 Liv.: he tried to d. his men from 
 fearing the elephants, 'id egit ut miles 
 elephantos timere desuesceret. 3. 
 
 expr. by consuetQdo : as, to become d.'d 
 to speak-ing, a consuetudine dicendi ab- 
 strahi, Cic: gradually to d. oneself, 
 pauUatim alicujus rei c deponere. 
 disaccustomed : 1. desuetus : 
 
 Liv.: Vlrg. 2. desuefactus: Cic: 
 (v. preced. art.). 
 
 disadvantage {subs:) -. 1. incom- 
 mOdum (the most general and also mild- 
 est term) : to involve more advantage 
 than d., plus ac^jumenti quam incora- 
 modi hatJere, Cic. : to be subjected to 
 some d., aliquo inc. affici, Cic. : to your 
 d., cum inc. tuo, Cic. : Caes. : v. incon- 
 venience. 2. incommodltas (rare 
 in this sense): Ter. 3. detrimen- 
 tum, damnum ; v. damage, loss. 4. 
 iniquitas {unfavourable character of 
 anything): d.s of position, iniquitates 
 locorum, Liv.: Caes. Phr.: to (one's) 
 d., (see also supr. 1), cum [meo, tuo] 
 malo (stronger than Eng.), PI. : to buy 
 to a d., male emere, Cic. 
 
 disadvantage ('■) •• incommOdo, i : 
 
 Cic. : 'i'er. (more usu. inconniuKium all- 
 cui ferre, dare, Cic. ; afferre, Caes.) : v. 
 to injure. 
 
 disadvantageous : 1. incom- 
 ni5dus: d. (unfavourable) circum- 
 stances, res inc.. Cic. 2. iniquus (of 
 ground, circumstances, etc.) : d. ground, 
 in. locus, Caes. 3. in combination 
 
 with to be: obsum, officio, nSceo: v. 
 to injure; v. unfavoukaule. 
 
 disadvantageously : 1. incom- 
 mode, Cae.s. 2. ^'uni fmagno, maxi- 
 nio, sunmio] iiicommodo : v. di.sad- 
 
 VANTAGE. 3. illiquc: V. UNFA\OUU- 
 
 ably. 4. male : w itli emere, vendere : 
 
 V. DISADVANTAGE (I'hr.). 
 
 disaffect: alieno, I : usu. with ani- 
 mum, animos: v. to estrange, alikn- 
 ATK. But the word is seldom used 
 except in p. part. : v. foil art. 
 
 disalfected: 1. aiienatus- to be 
 d. t<iiinrds any one, alienato erga ali- 
 quem aiiiino esse, '¥&c. : also, voluntate 
 aiienatus. Sail. . v. to istrange. 2. 
 aversus : d. touards us {the Homans), 
 nobis aversus anlmo {al. animi). Tac. 
 Ann. 14, 2b. (Tac has also aversus 
 animus, In somewhat diff. sense. Hist. 
 
 4, 80): V. averse. Phr.: that part of 
 the army which was Uast d , quod maxl- 
 me castrorum sincerum erat, Tac: the 
 d. J«3ion«, discordes legiones, lac: the 
 people d. to the senate, populus a srnatu 
 dlsjunctus. Cic. 
 
 disaffection: 1. aiifDatio: d. 
 
 towards Vitellius (on the part of sol- 
 diers), al. in Vitellimn, Tac. (in Cic 
 estrangement: q. v.). 2, alienaius 
 animus, aversus animus, Tac. : v. preced. 
 art, 3. sedJtio (of soldiers) : y. 
 
 MUTINV. 
 
 disagree: I. To differ from, not 
 lianiumise with: 1. discrgpo, i: to 
 differ. 2. dlssentio, nsi, nsum, 4: 
 to d. loith any <me in arguments, ab all- 
 quo d. in dispulaiionihus, Clc. : see also 
 to fall out, quarrel. 3. disBldeo, 
 sedi, 2 : to d. respecting one point, de re 
 una d., Cic. : Utey slightly d.. Inter se 
 levlter dissident, Clc : Wiese tchoolr have 
 long d.d, dissederunt bae diu scbolae, 
 Plin. Karely with dat. : to d. with the 
 C'/mmon people (In opinion), plebl d., 
 Hor. 4. discordo, 1 . .Join: inter 
 se dissidere atque discordare, Cic: v. 
 to quarrel: also disagreement (H.). 
 II, To be unsuited to a person's di- 
 gestion : 1. offendo, di, sum, j : 
 polypody d.s with the stomach, polypo- 
 dlon of. stomacbum, Plin. 2. Infesto, 
 I : to d. with the stomach, stomachum 
 inf., Plin. : Cels, 3. n<>ceo, laedo : v. 
 TO INJURE. 4. innate, i (to float 
 ahout in the stomacli ; not to digest) : 
 Hor. S. 2, 4, 59 (V. Wr. ad L). Phr.: 
 food which dj with a person, 'quod 
 stomacho alicujus pamm convenit, par- 
 um idoneum est; quod difficile est ad 
 concoquendum. 
 
 disagreeable : I. ^^'0' agreeing 
 
 with : incongruens, ntis (usu. better pa- 
 rum congruens) : Gell. : to be d. to, non 
 congruere, discordare, etc. : v. to agree ; 
 and INCOMPATIBLE. H. UvpUxisanl 
 to the senses or mind: 1. injiicun 
 dus : Cic : Plin. : v. unpleasant. 2. 
 molestus {full of annoyance) : d. work, 
 m. labor, Cic. : nothing more d. than a 
 province, nihil proviiicia molestius, Cic : 
 v. troublesome. 3. insiiavis, e : a 
 plant not d. for food, herba cibo non in., 
 Plin. : muddy, d. water, aqua limosa et 
 in., Vitr. 4. gravis, e : esp. oi smells: 
 V. offensive. 6, graveolenK, ntLs: 
 V. strong-smellino. \\\, Ill-natured, 
 unamiable: 1. imporiunus (rather 
 stronger than Eng.): a d. uife, uxor 
 imp. atque incommoda, PI. : v. churl- 
 ish, shrewish. 2. incommOduB: v. 
 disobliging. 3. insuavis, e: to l>e 
 
 thought d.. ins. haberi, Hor.: v. un- 
 amiable. 4. difflcilis. e: d.old nie»i. 
 d. senes, Cic: v. ill-tempered. 5. 
 morosus : Cic : v. peevish. 
 disagreeableness : 1. injocun- 
 
 dltas, Cic. 2. insuiivitas: Gell. 3. 
 acerbltas: v. souiiSESS. 4. gravitas- 
 
 V. OFFENSIVENE-SS. 
 
 disagreeably : 1. iiifpids : Pi- : 
 Hor. 2. ingriite: v. unpleasantly. 
 3. graviter (of smells) : v. of- 
 fensively. (Injucunde appears not to 
 occur, though Cic has the cemp., inju- 
 cundius.) 
 
 disagreeing (a'O-)- 1. d'scors. 
 
 cordis : in (tlur respects d., ad alia dis- 
 cordes, Cic. 2. dissentaneus (rare): 
 alike or unlike, agreeing or d., similia 
 aut dissimilla, consentanea aut dissen- 
 tanea, Cic. r v. discordant. 
 disagreement: I. I'iffertnce of 
 
 opinion: discrepantia. dis-senslo ■ v. dif- 
 ference. II. Variance, falling out, 
 quarrel : 1. disairdia . d.s between 
 the great, discordiae inter potentes viros, 
 Cic": to adjust d.s. d. componere. Tac. 
 2. dissidmm On'l'l.V'ng oK" """P" 
 tnre) : Cic. 3. dis.-ien.>io : d. without 
 b'tterness, d. sine acerbitate. Cic. Join: 
 dissidium ac dissensio, Cic. Phr.: to 
 have a d. with any one, cum aliquo dls- 
 sentire, Cic. : v. qiJarrel. 
 
 disallied: sejunctus, separatus, dis- 
 
 JUIKIUS : V. SEPARATED. 
 
 disallow: I. -^o prohibit: vEto 
 prohilMH) : V. to forbid, prevent. 
 211
 
 DISANNUL 
 
 DISBELIEVE 
 
 DISOH AKGE 
 
 To disapprove: imprObo, adverser: v. 
 TO wsAPi"EOVE, OPPOSE. |||. To re- 
 pudiate: Phr. : to d. a plea, excusa- 
 tionem non accipere, Cic. .- to d. an ac- 
 count, rationem non probare, Cic: my 
 chastity is d.'d, casta negor, Ov. 
 disannul ; conveilo, infirmo, etc. : v. 
 
 TO AKNUL. 
 
 disappear: 1. expr. by means 
 of conspectus, us [also sometimes, oculi : 
 V. phr.]' the ship had already d.'d from 
 view, evolarat jam e conspectu (navis), 
 Cic. ; simly, fugere e conspectu, Ter. : 
 ihe has d.'d from my view, illam amis! 
 ex c. meo, I'er. ; comp., celeriter e con- 
 spectu terrae ablati sunt; nebula con- 
 spectum terrae ademlt, Liv. 29, 27. 2. 
 evanesce, vaiiesco, 1: v. to vanish. 
 3. diffugio, fugi, i (to fee away): 
 the snows have d.'d, diffugere nives, 
 Hor. 4. dililbor, lapsus, }; v. to 
 MELT AWAY. Phr.: to d. from sight, 
 oculis subduci, Cic. ; abire ex oculls, 
 Liv. : he d.'d in the skies, sublimis abiit, 
 Liv.: the sun seems tome to have d.'d 
 from the universe (fig.), sol excidisse 
 mihi e mundo videiur, Cic: with the 
 thing the name also has d.'d in tlie lapse 
 ofages,cuni re nomen quoque vetustate 
 abole vlt, Liv. : to make to d., tollere. Cic. : 
 the leaves of the plantain cause pains 
 and tumours to d., dolores et tumores 
 tolluut folia plantaginis, Pliu. : hope d.s, 
 epes abit, Lucan : the glory nf Troy has 
 d.'d, fuit gloria Teucrorum, Virg. 
 
 disappearance: exiius, as: v. de- 
 PARTUBE. (Or expr. by verb: after the 
 d. of Romulus, postquam ex oculis abiit 
 Romulus : v. TO disappear.) Phr.: 
 not till the d. of the hoarfrost, non prius 
 qnam evanuit pruina, Varr. ; of the dew, 
 quam ros a sole discutiatur, Plin. 
 
 disappoint: 1. fa"o, fefeili, fal- 
 sum, J (with opinionem, spem, etc): / 
 will not d. your expectations, non fallam 
 opinionem tuam, Cic. : to d. any one's 
 txpectations, spem aliciijus f., Vlrg. : Ov. 
 2. frustror and frustro, i : tiope has 
 already often d.'d me, saepe jam me 
 spes frustrata est. Ter. : to d. the Tar- 
 quins in their hope of aid, Tarquinios 
 Bpe auxilli frustrare, Liv. 3. destiluo, 
 ui,utum, J (to leave in the lurch, desert) : 
 should his expectation d. him, si spes de- 
 stltuat, Liv. : to deceive and d. any one, 
 aliquem iiludere atque d., Cic. 4. 
 expr. by means of spe: being d.'d in 
 this liope, hac spe lapsus, dejectus, re- 
 pulsus, Caes. ; depulsus.Cic. : how griev- 
 ously am I d.'d ! quanta spe decidi ! 
 Ter.: a d.'d hope, delusa spes, Phaedr. 
 Phr.: you shall not go aicay d.'d {in a 
 request), baud repulsus abibis, PI. : when 
 d.'d in this scheme, ubi id parum proces- 
 sit, Caes. (v. to succeed): / have been 
 d.'d, *aliter res evenit ac speraveram ; 
 praeter opinionem male ros cessit : to 
 go away d.'d in one's aim, re infecta 
 abire, Caes. : Liv. : a d.'d lover, amans 
 neglectus, Ov. 
 
 disappointing: 1. faiiax, acis: 
 
 d. pods (i. e. with Utile in them), f. sili- 
 qaae, Virg. : v. deceitful. 2. vaiius: 
 V. empty, vaik. 
 
 disappointment • 1. expr. by 
 verb and phr. under to disappoint: 
 having suffered this d., (ab) hac spe de- 
 stitutus ; quum ita eventus rerum opi- 
 nionem, spem, fefellisset, etc. 2. 
 frustratio (rare): Plane, in Cic: Just. 
 3. repulsa (in a request or cam-ass) : 
 V. REFUSAL. 4. incommodum (gen. 
 term for whatever is unwelcome) : v. 
 MISFORTUNE. Phr.: that is a great d. 
 to me, molestissime id fero, Cic. 
 
 disapprobation : 1. reprghensio : 
 V. BLAME, CENSURE. 2. acclamatio 
 (expressed by shouts) : more precisely, 
 adversa ac, Cic (In later writers the 
 word is used in favourable sense v. 
 ACCLAMATION.) To express d., culpare, 
 leprehendere, vituperare, acclamare : v. 
 
 TO CENSURE, BLAME. 
 
 disapproval ; v. preced. art. 
 
 disapprove : 1. improbo, i : / 
 
 do not d. those pursuits, ego ista srudia 
 
 non im., Cic. (Not reprobo, which is to 
 
 reject, repulse.) 2. reprdhendo, di, 
 
 212 
 
 sum, i : V. TO CENSURE. 3, displiceo, 
 2 (witli dat. of subject) : I fear you will 
 d. of my plans, vereor ne tibi mea con- 
 silia displiceant, Cic. • Just. 
 
 disapproving (adj-): Plir.: a d. 
 conscience., mala (i. e. guilty) conscien- 
 tia (?) : to bestow on any one d. glances, 
 *vultu atque oculis improbare: the 
 shouts of the d. multitude. *dissentien- 
 tium atque aversaniium clamor : by (in 
 an adjuration) d. Jove, per Improbatu- 
 Tum haec Jovem, Hor. 
 
 disarm : 1. armls exuo, ui, 
 
 fitum, i: Liv.: SalL 2. d6armo 
 
 (rare), I : Liv. 3. exarmo, i : to d. 
 the cohorts, cohortes ex., Tac Fig.: 
 the mother d.'d her son by her tears, 
 filium mater lacrymis suis examiavit, 
 Flor. Phr.: to d. an antagonist in 
 ferwing, *gladium alicui deripere, e 
 manu detorquere: tod. (any one's) an- 
 ger, iram lenire, mitigare ; v. to miti- 
 gate, APPEASE. 
 
 disarmed (part, adj.): inermis, e: 
 
 V. tJNARMF.D. 
 
 disarrange: turbo, i: to d. the 
 
 hair, capillos t.. Mart. ; v. TO distukk. 
 
 disarrangement: turbatio: v. dis- 
 turbance. 
 disarray: turbo, perturbo.confundo: 
 
 V. TO CONFUSE, DISTURB. 
 
 disaster : 1. ciadis, is, /. (usu. a 
 
 defeat m battle) : to sustain a d. (a 
 defeat), cl. accipere, Caes.: to cause a d., 
 cl. afferre, Cic ; inferre, Liv. ; facere. 
 Sail, (all with dat.): a public d.,cl. civi- 
 tatis, Cic. : private d.s, cl. privatae, Liv. 
 
 2. calaraitas: v. calamity. 3. 
 incommOdum (a milder word): Caes. 
 (Sometimes infortunium, res adversae, 
 etc., may do : v. misfortune.) 
 
 disastrous : 1. calamitosns : 
 
 Cic. : Sail. Join: acerbissimum et 
 calamitosissimum bellum, Cic: v. ca- 
 lAJiiTOUS. 2. funesius : v. fatal. 
 
 3, pemiciosus : the disgraceful and 
 d. issue of the trial, exitus judicii foe- 
 dus et p., Cic: v. destructive. 4- 
 pestifer (rarely pestiferus), era, erum : 
 the d. return of Antony, p. Antonii redi- 
 tus, Cic. Phr.: ad. defeat, magna 
 (maxima) clades, Liv. : his consulate tvas 
 d. to the state, *coiisulatus ejus graviter 
 renip. afRixit: v. to damage. 
 
 disastrously : _ 1. calamltose : 
 Cic. 2- pestifere, pemiciose : v. fa- 
 tally, DE.STRUCTnELY. Phr.: Itow d. 
 ended the rashness of Vai-ro, ♦quantam 
 cladem intulitreip. temeritasVarronis! 
 
 disavow: 1. diffltcor, 2: I will 
 never d. having been guilty of pretend- 
 ing much . . . , nunquam diflRtebor me 
 multa simulasse. Plane, in Cic. . Ov. 
 (with ace. of subs.). 2. inlltior, i ; 
 also infitias eo, 4 : nor will I d. that 
 herein I am a man, neque in hoc me 
 hominem esse infitiabor, Juv. : v. to 
 DENY. 3. abnuG, ui, utum, 3 (strictlj', 
 by a motion of the head) : to d. a charge, 
 a crime, crimen ab., Tac. ; ab. a se coni- 
 missum facinus, Cic. 4. improbo or 
 non comprobo, i (to refuse to recognise 
 or abiile by): to d. a decision. Judicium 
 improbare, Cic. : to d.a certain step, fac- 
 tum non comprobare, Liv. 
 
 disavowal : infltiatio : Cic. (Or 
 expr. by verb : v. preced. art. ) 
 
 disband: 1. dimltto, mlsi, mis- 
 sum, i : to d. an army, exercilutn d., 
 Caes. : Cic. : Veil. 2. missos (sing. 
 missum) facio; missionem do (with 
 dat.) : V. TO DISCHARGE. 3. exauc- 
 toro, I : V. TO DISCHARGE. 
 
 disbanded (part, adj.): misslcius 
 or missitius : Suet. (Or expr. by part. 
 or rel. clause: d. soldiers, milites ex- 
 auctorati, quibus data erat missio : v. 
 preced. art.) 
 
 disbark : ^- disembark. 
 
 disbelief: 1. diffldentia,Sall. : v. 
 distrust. 2. incrediilitas : v. un- 
 belief. 3. more usu. expr. by verb : 
 by d., non credendo, Cic. : to feign d., 
 *se non credere simulare, dissimulare se 
 credere. 
 
 disbelieve ; 1. f idem non habeo, 
 2 (with dat.) : to d. the visions of mad- 
 men, insanonuu visis fidem non habere. 
 
 Cic: simly. fidem non adjungere, uon 
 
 tribuere, alicui rei : to cause to be d.d, 
 
 fidem alicui derogare, Cic. : v. credit. 
 
 2. non credo, j: v. to believe. 
 
 disbelieving (odj.) : incrediUus : 
 Hor. 
 
 disburden . exSngro : v. to unbur- 
 den. The d. in g ordinance, •edictum sui 
 exonerandi causa (ut ferebatur) pro- 
 mulgatum. 
 
 disbxirse : erCgo, expendo ; v. to 
 expend. 
 
 disbursement : 1. erSgatio 
 
 Cic. (or gerund, part, of erogo : for tht 
 d. of moneys, ad pecunias erogandas 
 v. to DISBURSE, expend). 2, sdlfltio ■ 
 V. payment. 3. expensio (late) . Cod. 
 Tbeod. 
 
 disburser : erogator : Cod. Just. 
 
 disc : orbis (soils, lunae), Virg. : Plin. 
 (Virg. has also, vultus, os, in similar 
 sense, Georg. i, 4J0, 452). 
 
 discard : 1. repiidio, i : v. to 
 
 REJECT, CAST OFF. 2. exCUtlO, CUSSi, 
 
 cussum, } : if ChZoe the bUmde is d.'d, si 
 flava excutitur C, Hor. 3. rgnuntio, 
 1 (with ace. or dat): v. to renounce. 
 See also to abandon, keunquish. 
 
 discern : I, To distinguish men- 
 tally : secemo, discemo, intemosco : v. 
 to DtsTtNGUiSH. ||. To See clearly 
 
 (icith the eyes or mind): 1. cernn. 
 }: to d. with the eyes, oculis c, Cic. : to 
 d. and understand anything, c. aliquid 
 animo, Cic : v. to perceive. 2. di- 
 spTtio, spexi, spectum, i (implying ob- 
 stacles in the way') : Thule even lia^ been 
 d.'d, dispecta est et Thule, Tac : not to be 
 able to d. the truth, verum d. non posse, 
 Cic : what Fompey is aiming at I 
 cannot d., Pompeius quid velit, non di- 
 spicio, Cic More precisely, acie mentis 
 dispicere, Cic. 3. perspicio, i (to see 
 clearly) : Cic: v. to perceive. 
 
 discernible : Phr.: to be d., di- 
 
 spici, oculis cemi : the, difference is 
 scarcely d., vix acie mentis dispici potest 
 qua parte haec res inter se discrepent : 
 V. to DISCERN. See also perceptible. 
 
 discemibly : Quod oculis cemi pos- 
 sit : V. to discern. 
 
 discerning (adj.) .• 1. perspicax, 
 acii*, I'er.: Cic. 2. ^iitus: v. keen. 
 
 discernment : I. ^« o^t .• i, 
 distinctio, Cic : v. distinction. 2. 
 persplcieiitia, Cic. : v. examination. 
 II, As faculty : 1. discrlmen. 
 inls, n. (somewhat rare in this sense) : 
 there is no d. in the common people, non 
 est in vulgo d., Cic. 2. jiidicium : v. 
 jriH^MENT. 3. intelligentia (more 
 
 general than the Eng.) : v. under- 
 standing. 4. perspicacita:; (sharp- 
 sightedtiess) : Cic. 5. acUinen : v. 
 
 ACL" TEN ESS, PENETRATION. 
 
 discerptible : quod discerpi, se- 
 parari potest • v. divisible. 
 
 discharge (i'-) ■■ I. To unburden: 
 exongro, exinanio ; v. TO EMprir, unload. 
 II, To emit from the body : Phr.: 
 to d. urine, urinam edere, Plin. ; to d. 
 (bring up) blood, sanguinem reddere, 
 Plin. (v. to vomit) : a fountain d.s 
 itself at the foot of the dark oak, fons 
 nigra sub ilice manat, Ov. Fig.: to d. 
 one's anger upon any one, iram in ali- 
 quem evomere, Cic. : v. to vent. |||, 
 Of rivers ; to cast themselves into the sea, 
 etc. : 1. emitto, j (in pass, or with 
 pron. refi.): the Rhine d.s itself into the 
 sea betueen, etc., Rhodanus emittitur 
 inter . . . , Mela. 2. effuudo, fudi, 
 
 fusum, ; (used as preced.) : the Ganges 
 d.s itself into the Eastern ocean, Ganges 
 se in Eoum oceanum ef., Plin. : Mela. 
 
 3. exeo, 4, irr. : to d. itself by seven 
 mouths, per septem portus exire, Ov. : 
 Val. Fl. Simly, ire, Virg. A. i, 246. 
 
 4. egrgdior, gressus, j : Mela. 5. 
 evolvo, vi, utum, j (used as 1, 2) • Mela. 
 
 IV. ^" '** J^y •■ 1. niitto, inlsi, 
 missum, j : to d. javelins, pila m., 
 Caes.: Ov. 2. emitto, j; to d. jave- 
 lins, pila e., Caes. 3. immitto, j (at 
 some one): to d. javelins, mi'ssiZes, at 
 any one, tela, pila, in aliquem im., Caes. : 
 Cic. 4. injlcio, jeci, Jeclum, 3 (like 
 immitto): Hirt. 5. conjicio, j(of a
 
 DISCHARG E 
 
 DISCOLOURED 
 
 D I SCONSOL ATE 
 
 Ttumber of persons) : to d. (their) missiles 
 against our men, tela In nostros c^ Caes. 
 V. Tufrer or dismiss : 1. dimilto, 
 ^ : V. TO Di-sBANi) , to d a creditor, cre- 
 ditorera d., l'ii|)in. Dig. 2. i.-xaucloro, 
 I (military : in laler authors, such as I'lln. 
 jun, to disviiss from Che service in dis- 
 greux): lAw. Just. 3. missum facio, 
 3: I d. you, vos missos faclo, Auct B. 
 Afr. : Suet. I'hr. : to d. superannu- 
 ated sdtdierf, fessos aetate sacramento 
 solvere, Tac. -. to d. a gladiator, (gladi- 
 atorem) rude donare (= e.xaucturare), 
 Hor. VI. '"" settle: solvo, e.xsolvo, 
 
 persolvo : v. to pay. VII. ^^ /*''" 
 form : 1, fungor, functus, } (wiih 
 abl.) : to d. the office of a^edik, aedilitate 
 f., Cic. : to d. the tHxiily functions, mu- 
 nerlbus cori)orls f., Cic. : v. to I'EHFOrm. 
 2. perfuiigor, j (to d. in full) : to 
 d. duties in the state, reipublicae mu- 
 neribus p., Cic. 3. 6beo, ivi and li, 
 itum, 4 : (o d. consular duties, consularia 
 munera ob., Liv. . Just. : to d. recog- 
 nisances, vadimonium oblre, Cic. : v. to 
 EXECUTE. See also to fulfil. VIII. 
 1 n t r a u s. : to run. as does a sore : 
 mano, i : Plin. 2j, 6, 6o: v. to run. 
 
 discharge {subs.) .- |. The act of 
 emptying : exOngratio, exinanitlo : v. 
 evawjation. II. A Utting-fly : 1. 
 emissio : d.s of stones, lapiduni emls- 
 siones, Cic. : Geii. 2. conjectio : a d. 
 of missiles, telorum c, Cic 3. con- 
 Jectus, lis : Liv. (Or e.xpr. by verb : to 
 receive the enemy with d.s of missiles, 
 *telis missis e.vcipere hostes: v. to dis- 
 charge.) III. Dismissal or liberation 
 from service: 1, missio: to be reu aided 
 by a d., praemium missionis ferre. Cans. : 
 to purify tlie army by Hit d. of mutinous 
 men, e.\ercitum purgare niissionlbus tur- 
 bulenturuni hoaiinum, Liv.: the regular 
 d., m. honesta, Dig. : d. on medical cer- 
 tificate, etc., m. cau.saria. Dig.: d.from 
 J'avouritisin, m. gratiosa : Liv. : d. as a 
 'punishment, m. Ignominlosa, Dig. 2. 
 dimissio ; d. of rowers, d. remigura, Cic. ; 
 V. utsHissAL. 3. e.xaucioritas (a bar- 
 barous word) : Cod. Theod. 4. <'>^- 
 ciisatlo (legal) : d.from a guardianship, 
 tuielae ex., Ulp. : v. exemption. P h r. : 
 to grant a legion its d.. niissam lacore 
 legionem. Suet.: to receive one's d. {of 
 a gladiator), rudem accipere, Cic : to 
 grant the same, rude donare, Hor.: a 
 soldier hai'ing or entitled to have his d., 
 missicius, Ulp. : Suet. : v. disablhd. |V. 
 Quittance: 1. acceptllatio: Ulp. 2. 
 lib6ratio: to lea re (in a will) a debtor 
 his d. (from liiibility), libcrationem 
 debitori legare, Ulp. 3. absOlutio; 
 V. ACQUITTAL. V. Settlement: sfjlii- 
 tio: V. PAYMENT. VI. Execution: 
 
 perfunctio (rare) : the d. of high public 
 offices, honorum p., Cic. : v. perform- 
 ANCK. VII. Purulent matter : pus, 
 puris, n. : I'lin. I'lir. : full of d., 
 piirillentus, Plin. VIII. -^ running 
 from a sore : expr. by verb : if there 
 is a d. from the sore, si manat ulcus. 
 Si quid de ulcere manat : v. to dis- 
 CHAKGK (VIIL), 
 
 discharged {part, adj.) .- of soldiers, 
 
 missicius: v. DISBANDED. 
 
 disciple : 1. discipGius (/. dis- 
 
 cipula, Hor. : Plin.): Cic. 2. auditor 
 {one who had atlendea the lecliir^s of a 
 certain teacher) : Cic. 3. aluniMiis 
 
 (fig.) : the d.s of Plato, Platonis alumni, 
 Cic. 4. sect-ator : v. FOLLO^v kr. 
 
 Ph r. : he was (personally) a d. of Xeno, 
 Zenoiiem audivit, Cic. : Zeno and his 
 d.s, Zeno el qui ab eo sunt, Cic. : d.s of 
 Pythagoras, S<Krates, etc., Pythagorei, 
 Socratici, etc., Cic. 
 
 discipleship ; *discipuli status, con- 
 ditio 
 
 disciplinarian : *<'poris ac disci- 
 
 plinae assiduus e.xactor, conip. Quint, i, 
 ^,14. Phr. : to be an uld-fiishioiied, a 
 strict d. {in the army), antliiuani dnram- 
 que mllltiam revocare, lac. ; diUgontem 
 disclplinae esse. Veil. ; dlsciplinam niili- 
 tarem severe conservare, Liv. 
 
 discipline : I. Training ; esp. 
 
 military : 1. disciplina (any fcijid 
 of systematic training or instruction) : 
 
 usu. with militaris of miliuiry d., Liv. : 
 to break through d., A. mllitari'in solvere, 
 evenere, poUuL-re, Liv. ; dissolvure, Auct. 
 E. Afr. : to restore it, d. mililareni resli- 
 tnere, Liv. ; more fully, ad milltarem d. 
 ab effusa licenlia formare militeni, Liv. 
 2. mOdestia (propriety, orderliness 
 of conduct) : good d. and self-control (ot 
 troops), m. et continentla, Caes. : Liv. 
 Phr.: soldiers in a7i excellait state of 
 d., imperils obedientissimus miles, Liv. : 
 to exercise strict d. in the conduct of a 
 war, severo impcrlo bellinu adminis- 
 trare, Liv.: d. 11 as relaxed, minus in- 
 terna militia fuit, Tac: want of d., 
 Ilcentla, Liv. : T:ic. See also training, 
 iNSrKUCTioN. II, Punishment, affiic- 
 tion : castigatio : v. chastiskmknt. 
 Phr.: ice believe that suffering is in- 
 tended as d. of the soul., *i-redimus 
 dolores aninii et corporis ad ijisum 
 anlmutn pui gandum atque emendandum 
 inflictos esse. 
 
 discipline (f)- I. J" niilitary 
 
 sense : 1. iiistituo, ui, utum, j ; sol- 
 diers exceetlmgly well d.d, milites optima 
 disciplina Instituti, Liv. : v. to train. 
 2. assuetaclo, feci, factum, j (.with 
 some 'defining word) : to d. troops, •mi- 
 lites assuefacere in disciplina manere, 
 dlsciplinam retinere: v. TO accustom. 
 II. In religious sense : castigo, i : 
 V. TO CHASTISE. I'hr.: to d. by suffer- 
 ing, doloribus, trlbulationibus (Kcn)pi8) 
 exercere atque emendare, purgare. 
 
 disciplined (part, adj.) : disciplina 
 insiltutus, imbutus, assueius or assue- 
 factus : V. to discipline. 
 
 disclaim: Infitior, difflteor, nfigo: 
 
 V. TO XHSAVOW, DENY. 
 
 disclaimer: i.e. a formal denial: 
 iienatic), inliiiatlo: v. denial. 
 
 disclose : I. ^0 *"*« « cover from : 
 retego, detego, J : v. to uncover. ||, 
 'Jo reveal : 1, aperio, iii, rtum, 4 : 
 daylight d.d tJre flight of the enemy : 
 lux lugam hosiium aperuit, Liv.: he d.s 
 to the master of tlu. i,hip uho he is, 
 domino navis quis sit aperit, Nep. : v. 
 TO reveal. 2. piitefacio, feci, factum, 
 J (to make a full disclosure) : to d. a 
 matter, rem p., Cic. : the conspiracy was 
 d.d, patefacta est conjuratio, Cic. 3. 
 re lego, xi, ctnm, j (nut detego in this 
 sense): to d. the secrets of a coi spiracy, 
 occulta conjuralloiiis r., Tac : Hor. 4. 
 promo, mpsi, mptum, j (to bring for- 
 ward to light) : by d.ing uhat had been 
 done, promendo quae acta essent, Liv. : 
 PI. 5, e.xpromo, j : to d. sicrets to a 
 friend, oaulta apud ainicuni exp., Ter. 
 6. pando, } : V. TO unfold. 7. 
 ostendo, J : v. to SHOW. 8. cnuntio, 
 I : V. TO DIVULGE. 9. Tccludo, si, 
 
 sum, } (lit., to unlock: hence chiefly 
 poet.): to d. secrets, operla r., Hor. 
 Join: aperire el recludere contecta, 
 Tac. 10. profero, luii, latum, i : 
 
 more fully, in nieiiitmi prof., Cic. : v. to 
 PUBLISH. 11. rfisCro, i (like recludu) : 
 / will d. the oracles, reserabo oracula, 
 Ov. : Val. Kl. 
 
 disclosure: 1. patefectio (most 
 geiL term): the d. of hidden things, 
 rerum opertarum p., Cic. 2. indiciimi 
 (of a crime, to a magistrate) .• d. of the 
 conspiracy, conjurationis ind., Cic. : esp. 
 a d. nuide by a criminal cmwerned: to 
 make (such) a d., ind. profiteri, offerre. 
 Sail. ; to claim to be allowed to do so, 
 ind. postulare, Cic. 3. very oft. expr. 
 by verb: to nwke a full d., omnia pate- 
 facere, contitcri, omnem rem aperire: 
 
 V. TO DISCLOSE. 
 
 discoloration : dscfiioratio : Oc 
 Phr.; to induce d. (e. g. of the skin), 
 decolorem facere, Plin. 
 
 discolour : 1. dccOioro, t : to d. 
 skin, cutem d., Cels. 2. infusco, I : 
 
 V. TO SULLY. 3. expr. by circunil. : 
 to d. a t/ii»jr, aliculus rei colorem vitiate, 
 deteriorein rcddere : v. coloui:. 
 
 discoloured (l>art.atlj.): 1. de- 
 color, oris : small and d. pearls, uuiones 
 parvi et d., I'lin. (for which Tac. has, 
 subfusca ac liventla, Agr. 12). 2. de- 
 coloratus: Auct. Her. 3. livldus (by 
 abloto: of flesh): Hor.: v. livid. 
 
 discomfit : 1. profligo, i: to d. 
 the enemy's forces, oopias hostium pr, 
 Cic: Caes. 2. oladero affero: v. to 
 defeat. 
 
 discomfiture : 1. dades : v. db- 
 
 FKAT. 2. striiges. Is,/. ; to visit witli 
 total d., ruina ac strage fundere, Liv.: 
 
 V. OVERTHROW. 
 
 discomfort (subs.) .- no exact word : 
 the foil. [iLili. nearest: 1, m61estiae 
 (which, however, implies actual annoy- 
 ance or distress : q. v.) : to be in a state 
 of great d., in [summis] molestiis i-ssc, 
 Cic. 2. incommOda (j<J.); u-hal d. it 
 there in this mode of lije, *quanta inc. 
 habet haec vivendi alque babitandi 
 ratio: v. incokvenience. 3. vexailo 
 (esp. of travelling) : they advanced with 
 all possible d. (suffering), cum omni 
 gencre vexalionis processerunt, Liv. (cf. 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, i8): d. in journeying, 
 v. itineris, Liv. 
 
 discomfort i^-)' vexo, incommOdo, 
 molestiis afTicio : v. TO harass, annot. 
 
 discompose : 1. turbo, pcnurix), 
 
 I : V. TO iii>Ti;RB. 2. oommoveo, 
 inovi, inOtuni, 2 (esp. of the miiul) : 
 your shouts do not at all d. me, nihil 
 me clamor iste c, Cic. : v. to affect. 
 
 disctjmposure : esp. of mind: L 
 perturbatio mentis, Cic. 2. mOtus, 
 us : a temporary d. of mind, tempora- 
 rius anlmi m., Quint. : v. emotion. 3. 
 commotio animi: Cic. 4. concitatio 
 mentis: v. excitement. (>ee also agi- 
 tation. Phr.: topDOfit by the d. of the 
 speaker, *ex eo emolumentum capere, 
 quod orator animo nonnihil conimotus 
 erat, parum praesenti atque acri uleba- 
 tur animo (based on Cic). 
 
 disconcert: I. I'o defeat, inter- 
 fere u-ith: 1, disciliio, cussi, cussum, 
 } (to derange completely) : to d. plans 
 for a betrayal, consilia proditlonls d.. 
 Just. : foi tune d.'d plans soundly deter- 
 mined, salubriter destinata fortuna dij>- 
 cussit. Curt. 2. frustror, i : v. to 
 
 FRUSTRATE. 3. frango, fregi, fraclum, 
 J (fig.) : to d.a plan, consilium fr., Cic. 
 4. infriiigo, } : to d. the attempts if 
 the enemy, adversariorum conatus inf., 
 Caes.: Cic. 5. coiiturbo. i (to thrmv 
 into confusion) : in phr., coiiiurbare 
 rationes ;iliciyus (strictly, to reduce to 
 bankruptcy ; hence, ulteily to disconcert 
 and baffie any one), I'er. 6. 6ludo, 
 si, sum, i {to trifle with the endsarours 
 of) : V. TO BAFFLE. 7. dlrimo, J : v. 
 
 TO INTERRUPT, BREAK OFF. ||, To 
 
 confuse: 1. obstupgracio, feci. factum, 
 { ; stronger than the Kng. : v. to cow- 
 found (III.). 2. percello, cQli, culsum, 
 J (to give a violent shock to, so as to 
 paralyse and confuse) : did not this cry 
 d. you? haec te vox non percuUl? non 
 perturbavlt .' Cic. : d.'d by the unex- 
 pected questicm, perculsus improvise in- 
 terrogatione, Tac. 3. perturbo, i (to 
 confuse) : nor am J d.'d by all your 
 to-do (in argunieni), neque vero istis 
 tragoediis tuis perturbor, Cic: v. supr. 
 (2). 4. conturbo, i (=perturbo): 
 Cic. Phr. : to be d.'d, de gradu dejici 
 ut dicitur, opp. to praesenti animo uli, 
 Cic. : to alarm and utterly to d. (take 
 away presence of mind), animum per- 
 tin-itum loco et certo de statu demovere, 
 Cic. 
 
 disconnect : scjungo, disjungo, dis- 
 solvo, sepdro : v. TO sei-aeate, dib- 
 
 tTNlTE. 
 
 disconsolate: 1. moestus (de- 
 
 jectedaiidgiitn uptogrirf): d. plaints, 
 m. questus, Virg. : of inanimate objects, 
 to tear one's d. hair, m. laniare capillo* 
 Ov. Join: moestusacsi'hicitus(morM> 
 aliciijus), Hor. 2. moerens, ntis (liko 
 moestus) : d., dejected, dietrtssed, m., 
 dejectus, afflictus, Cic . d. lamtiilaticm, 
 m. fletus, Cic. (Not inconsolabllis, which 
 occurs only once, in Ovid; and in diff. 
 sense.) Phr.: to be d., moerere, moe- 
 rore lacerari et confici, Jacere, in moe- 
 rore versari, moerore afflictnm, pro- 
 fligatum esse, Cic. : moerore atiqao 
 aegritudlne consenescere, PI.; in lucta 
 Jacere, Cic (For disconsolate =^ chett- 
 
 less : V. CBEEKLESS, DfL&A&X.) 
 
 -'i
 
 DISCONSOLATELY 
 
 DISCOFRSE 
 
 DISCREDITABLE 
 
 disconsolately: 1. moestus (in 
 
 agr. with subj. : L. G. } ;4 j) : d they beat 
 their breasts, moestae feriunt pectdra, 
 Ov. : Virg. (In poet, moestam might 
 sometimes be used : v. L. G. } J44.) 2. 
 insolabiliter : v. inconsolably. 3. 
 
 triste : V. SADI,Y. 
 
 disCOOSOlateneSS: moestitia, moes- 
 lus animus: v grik.f. 
 
 discontent, discontentment: I. 
 
 Dissatisfaction, displeasure : 1, of- 
 fensio : a tcise praetw avoidt exciting d. 
 by the impartiality of his decisions, sa- 
 piens praetor of. vital aequalitate judi- 
 candi, Cic. : a d. not very different from 
 positive hatred, odii non dissimilis of., 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 51, 2o3. Diniin., offensiuii- 
 cula, slight d. or anrwi/ance, Cic. 2. 
 animus offensus, vohmtas offensa : v. 
 DISPLEASURE. ||. Lack of Contented- 
 ness : 1, 5dium (stronger than Eng. : 
 V. supr.) : vehement d. with one's on n lot, 
 •o. rerum suarum. Sail. 2. animus 
 rebus suis parum contentus: v. CON- 
 TKNTED. P h r. ; d. makes even the rich 
 man poor, *pauper est cui res suae non 
 satisfacimit : to feel d. vith or at, poe- 
 nitere (with ace. of subject, and gen. of 
 object) : a letter full of d. and com- 
 plaints, epistola plena stomachi et quer- 
 elarum, Cic. 
 
 discontent ("•) ■■ v. to dissatisfy. 
 
 discontented: L non, parum, 
 
 male contentus; v. contenthd. 2. 
 
 invidus: v. jealous. 3. fastidiosus 
 (disdainful of what one has) : the owner 
 d. itfith the land {builds in the sea), 
 dominusque terrae f., Hor. 4. 'H'- 
 quus (fif tlie mind only) : to b-'p,r any- 
 thing with a d. mind, aliquld iniquo 
 animo ferre, Cic. P h r. : the plebs d. 
 with their condition, plebs novarum 
 rerum cupida, Sail. : every one is d. with 
 his own position, suae quemque poenitet 
 fortunae, Cic. : / am d. with myself, me 
 poenitet mei, Cic. 
 
 discontentedly : animo iniquo, an 
 imo parum (male) contento : v. discos- 
 
 TENTKD. 
 
 discontinuance: intermissio, inter- 
 capedo : v. intermission, inteisruption. 
 
 discontinue : 1. intermitto, misi, 
 missum, j {for a time, so as to resume 
 again) : that the uark might not be d.d 
 at any time, ne quod omnino tempus ab 
 opere intermitteretur, Caes. ■ v. to in- 
 TEKRUPT. 2. omitto, } (to give up 
 altogether) : v. to abandok. 3. de 
 sine, desisto, ; : v. to lea\e off. 
 
 discontinuous : interruplus, inter- 
 missus: V. INTERMITTING. 
 
 discord: I. in music: 1. *dis- 
 sOnaniia (as t.t.): Quint. 2. e.xpr. 
 by dissoims, absonus {out of tune) : to 
 produce a d. in singing, dissonum quid- 
 quam canere, Cic. ; of one person tvho 
 sings out of tune, *absonum canere : d.s 
 and concords, *dissona et consona. 3. 
 expr. by discrfipo, ui, i : however slight 
 be the d., quamvis pauUum discrepent 
 (tibiae, etc.), Cic. ||. Fig.: of strife : 
 discordia : the seeds of d., semina dis- 
 cordlarum, Liv. : to sow the seeds of d. 
 between the plebeians and the knights, 
 serere causam diKordiarum inter plebeni 
 et equites, SueL Join: dissensiones 
 atque discordiae, Cic. : v. disagreement, 
 STRIFE. Ill, Personified, the goddess : 
 Discordia: Virg. 
 
 discordance: discrepantia, disstn- 
 sio ; V. DISAGREEMENT. (Or expr. by 
 verb : hoiv great is tlie d. between these 
 things, quantum discrepant ! discrepant 
 immane quantum ! Hor. : v. to differ, 
 
 DISAGREE.) 
 
 discordant: I. Janing-. l. 
 
 discors, cordis : d. arms, d. arma, Virg. : 
 Hor. 2. dissCnus : Cic. (v. disoord, 
 II.). 3. absOnus : a (harsh) d. voice, 
 Toxabs., Cic. ||. Disagreeing: 1. 
 discors : d. opinions, d. sententiae, Plin. : 
 Cic. 2. discrfipans. ntis : Cic. : v. to 
 DISAGREE." 3. dissOnus : Liv. : v. dif- 
 ferent. 4, ahsSnUS- V. INCONSISTENT. 
 P h r. : to be d., discordare. Cic. : o miTui 
 d. with itsi-lf, animus a sf, ipse dissidens 
 atque secum discordans, Cic. 
 
 discount (<'•) •■ I. To deduct a per. 
 214 
 
 centage : L deduco, xi, ctnm, j : 
 
 ' de capite d. quod usuris pernumeratum 
 est,' Liv. 6, 15. 2. deiraho, xi, ctum, 
 J (with de summa, de capite): v. to 
 ABATE. Phr. : tod. a loan s (i.e. 60) pei- 
 cent., quinas capite mercedes exsecare, 
 Hor. S. I, 2, 14- II. To pay a bill, 
 deducting the percentage : *syngrapbam, 
 detracia parte rata de summa, reprae- 
 sentare, praesenti pecunia persoWere ; 
 syngrapham, delegationem (a kind of 
 clieque) decessione facta repraesentare. 
 (Hepracsentare is simply to pay ready 
 moneii : v. foil. art.). 
 
 discount (s"fts.) : 1. decessio: to 
 allow a d., d. facere, concedere, cf. Cic. 
 Rab. Post. II, 50. (But the word sim- 
 ply means a deduction, abatement : 
 q. V.) 2. (?) fenus praeceptum, prae- 
 occupatura : v. interest. P h r. : to 
 allow a d., *jacturam facere repraesenta- 
 tionis (ready money payment) c&us&\ de- 
 trahere aliquid de summa (v. to abate) : 
 landed estates are at a d., Jaccnt pretia 
 praediorum, Cic. : genius is at a d., 
 sordent ingenia, cf. Hor. Ep. i, 11, 4. 
 
 discounter : tenerator (gen. term) : 
 V. usurer. 
 
 discountenance: I. To put to 
 
 shame: v. TO abash. ||. To disap- 
 prove : 1. imprObo, i : v. TO disap- 
 prove. 2. aversor, i (to turn anay 
 the face frcmi : hence, to dislike, object 
 to): to d. flattery, adulationes a., Suet. 
 3. abhorreo, 2 : v. to dislike. 4. 
 adversor, repugno : v. to oppose. 
 
 discourage: I. To deprive of 
 courage: 1. expr. by means of 
 
 aninms (sing, or pi., as one person or 
 more is meant), with various verbs : 
 (I.) frango, fregi, fractum, j (in wider 
 sense, to depress, cast down) : Join: 
 franguntur et dehilitantur animi, Cic. : 
 also with abl., frangi animo, Cic. : (2.) 
 inlringo, j : to d. the enemy, animos 
 hostium infringere, Liv : (3.) demltto, 
 misi, missum, } (with aninium, animos, 
 to be d.d): Join: debilitari, animum- 
 que demittere, Cic: : Iso with a6J.,_de- 
 mittere se animo, Caes. (4.) debilito, 
 I (to enfeeble): ivhat is there that can 
 d. me, quid est quod animum meum 
 frangere aut d possit ? Cic. : also, de- 
 bilitari is used absol., to be d.d: d.d 
 from the pursuit of civil lau>, debilitati 
 a jure cognoscendo, Cic. : (5.) minuo, 
 ui, atum, J : to d. a person, alicui anim- 
 um m., Liv. : (6.) cado, cecidi, casum, 
 J (with animus [animi] as subject, or in 
 abl., to be d.d): tliey had been d.d by 
 disaster, cladibus (iUis) animi ceclde- 
 ranl, Liv.: we ought not to be so d.d, 
 non debemus ita cadere animis, Cic. : 
 (7.) deficio, feci, j (with animo, animis, 
 to be d.d) : he had not been d.d by such 
 a disaster, animo non defecerat, tan to 
 accepto incommodo, Caes. : (8.) de- 
 spondeo, 2 (to be d.d) : v. to despond. 
 2. exanimo, I : v. to dishearten. 
 (Other stronger expressions are, animum 
 percellere, affligere : v. to paralyse.) 
 Phr. : don't be d.d, timorem omitte ! 
 Cic. : tlie enemy were d.d, hostibus 
 timor injectus est, Cic. ||. To deter, 
 dissuade : 1, deterreo, terreo, 2 : v. 
 TO deter. 2. dehortor, i : many 
 things d. my siding ivith you, multa me 
 d. a vobis. Sail. : v. to dissuade. 
 
 discouragement: I. Loss of 
 
 courage : animi infractio, debililatio, 
 abjectio, Cic. (Or expr. by verb : do 
 not yield to d.,ne cadlte animis! such 
 was the d. of the enemy, adeo defecerant 
 animis hostes: v. to discourage.) ||, 
 That which tends to deprive of courage : 
 incommSdum (any untoward event), 
 calamltas, plaga: v. blow. |||. That 
 which tends to deter or dissuade : im- 
 pedlmentum, mOra : > hindrance. 
 
 discouraging (adj-) ■• 1. ad- 
 versus : v. unfavourable. 2. iu- 
 commSdus (in any ivay untoward) : v. 
 disadvantageous. 
 
 discouragingly : P l> r. : to speak 
 d., *apta ad animos hominum infring- 
 eudos dicere ; parum erecto animo loqui. 
 
 discourse ("■) : •• e. to speak at 
 length on some subject: 1. dissfiro, 
 
 ui, rtum, } : to d. upon the constitution, 
 de repnblica d., Cic. to d. at length on 
 a, subject, permulta de aliqua re d., Cic. ; 
 V. TO Disci'ss. 2. tracto, i : v. to 
 treat. 3. sermocinor. i : v. to con- 
 verse. 4, memdro, i ; v. to be- 
 late. 5. verba facio, feci, factum 
 j: Cic. 
 
 discourse (subs.): |. conversa- 
 tion on any subject : 1, sermo, onis, 
 m. (most general term): various d., 
 varius s., Virg.: Cic: v. conversation. 
 2. verba (neut. pi.) : to indulge in 
 d.. V. facere, Cic. ||. A set composi- 
 tion : 1. oratio (dimin. oratiuncula) : 
 V. SPEECH. 2. concio or contio: v. 
 sermon, ha KANOUE. 3. schola (o^ « 
 philosophical kind : <TxoXi)) : Cic. 4. 
 acrdasis, is, /. (before a learned body) : 
 V. LECTURE. 5. libellus (as written) : 
 
 V. TREATISE. 
 
 discourteous : 1. inhnmanus 
 
 (wanting in refinement and kindness) : 
 Cic. 2. inurbanus : v. unpolite. 
 
 3. difflcils, e: v. ill-tempered. 4. 
 inofilciosus (in aliquem): Cic: v. dis- 
 obliging. 5. illfepidns (disagreeable, 
 unmannerly) ; PI. : Cic. 
 
 discourteously: inhumaniter, in- 
 url^iie, illfepide : for syn., v. dis- 
 courteous. 
 
 discourteousness \ inbumanitas: 
 
 discourtesy 5 Cic 
 
 discover: I, To open up, dis- 
 
 close : apgrio, patgiUcio, etc. : v. to dis- 
 close, beveal. II. To find out: 1, 
 invenio, veni, ventum, 4 (esp., but not 
 solely, of what is accidentally d.'d) : tod. 
 a co«,>i^iVacy, conjurationem in., Cic: v. 
 to find out. 2. rfipfirio, p6ri, pertum, 
 4 (61/ seal ch) : to d. the art of healing, 
 medicinam r., Quint. : to d. the use of 
 the saw, serrae r. usum, Ov. 3. de- 
 t§go, deprghendo: v. to detect, find 
 out. 
 
 discoverer: 1. inventor (/. in- 
 ventrix, icis, Virg.) : the d. of the olive, 
 olivae inv., Cic. 2. rgpertor (/. re- 
 pertrix, Apul.) : the d. of honey, mellis 
 r., Ov. : the d. of the healing art, medi- 
 cinae r., Virg. : v. also nrvKNTOR. 
 
 discovery : I. ^ making known : 
 patefactio: v. revelation. ||, A 
 finding out : 1. inventio, Cic. : Plin. 
 2. excogitatio (py careful thought) : 
 Cic. 3. investigatio (tracing out step 
 by step): Cic. (Or expr. by verb: after 
 the d. of the acorn, glande reperta, Ov. : 
 v. to discover.) Ill, That which is 
 found out; 1. inventum (or in 
 
 prose, as part.): the healing art is 
 my d., inv. medicina meum est, Ov. : 
 Cic. 2. rgpertum (in prose, only 
 
 as })art.) : noble d.s, praeclare reperta, 
 Lucr. : many great d.s, *multa praeclaro 
 reperta : v. to discover. Phr.: a voy- 
 age of d., ♦navigatio ad terras explor- 
 andas suscepta. 
 
 discredit (subs.): \. The condi- 
 tion of not being credited (a rare sense) : 
 v. DISBELIEF. ||. Disgrocc, ill-odour: 
 
 1. labes, is, /. (lit. a blot, stain) : 
 fig. to bring d. upon the upright, labem 
 integris inferre, Cic. ; on any one's hon- 
 our, 1. dignitati aliciijus aspergere, Cic. 
 
 2. maciila (a spot, stain) : to bring 
 d. on oneself, m. suscipere (with abl. 
 of cause), Cic: Ter. (N.B. Both 
 macula and labes are rather stronger 
 than the Eng.) 3. ded(5cus, 6ris, n. : 
 to be a d. to one's order, ordini suo de- 
 decori esse, Auct. Her.: v. disgrace. 
 
 4. invidia (ill-feeling, odium) : 
 Cic: V. unpopularity. Phr.: to fall 
 into d., exisiimationis detrimentum 
 (jacturam) facere, Nep. : to be in general 
 d., apud quosque improbari, Cic : to be 
 utterly in d. (of I'ompey), totum jacere, 
 Cic. : the courts icere in d., judicia jace- 
 bant, Cic. : to be no d. to, probro alicui 
 non esse, Cic. 
 
 discredit («•) : I. To disbelieve: 
 non credo, fidem alicui non habeo : v. 
 TO DISBELIEVE. ||, To bring d. on: 
 V. preced. art. (II.). 
 
 discreditable : 1. inhSnestus . 
 V. DISHONOURABLE. 2. indficorus ; 
 
 V. UNBECOMING, DISGRACEFUL. Pll».;
 
 D I 8 C R E D T T A B I. T 
 
 DISD A I W 
 
 DISEASED 
 
 it is h'l no means d., minimc (miln, 
 tibi) prubro est: v. discbedit, uis- 
 
 GBACE. 
 
 discreditably: inhOnesie: v. dis- 
 
 HONOCILABLY. 
 
 discreet: 1. consldgratus (act- 
 ing V ith contideration, done with cmi • 
 sideratiim) : he thought it d., consldcrati 
 huiuinig ess* putavit, Cic. : v. cautiolh, 
 DEU BERATE. 2, prudcns, Dlls: V 
 
 FBL'DENT, SAGACIOUS 3. pfovldus 
 
 ( foreseeing, p^n'trdtinft) : not venj cau- 
 tious or d., parum rautus providusque, 
 Cic. 4. s&piens, ntls l.aelius called 
 the d. (wise), l.,at-lius is qui sapiens iisur- 
 patiir, Cia : v. wise. 6. caiiius : 
 subtle and d. t'n the dioice of v ords, in 
 verbis serendis tenuis C4iutiisi|ue, llor. : 
 V. CADTIOC8. 6. ^iiniis (found, sfnsi- 
 ble): a very d. man, (homo) bene sanus 
 ac non inciiutus, Hur. : d. minds, s. 
 animi, Li v. I' h r. : to be d., sapCre, Cic. ; 
 V. prddent, sensible. 
 
 discreetly: considerate, priidenter 
 gerere, Aug. ap. SueL: Cic: sapienter: 
 V. PBUDENTLY. (Sometimes an adj. may 
 be used : d. unltamess the steed that is 
 getting old, solve scnescentem sanus 
 eqiium, Hor. ; v. L. G. } ?4?.) 
 
 discreetness : v. discretion. 
 
 discrepancy: discrepantia : v. uis- 
 AORF.EMENT. Plif. : there ii a d. tie- 
 Iween autliorities, pariim convenit, dis- 
 crepat inter auctores, Liv. : v. to dis- 
 agree. 
 
 discretion: I. Discreetness: 1. 
 sanitas : in an agitated mind there 
 cannot be d., in perturbato animo s. 
 esse non potest, Cic. : to return to d. (of 
 those who have been acting violenth/), 
 ad s. redire, Cic. ; reverti, Caes. : there 
 was no more d. in the senate than in the 
 forum, nihilo plus sanitatis in curia 
 quam in foro esse, Liv. 2. Jiidlclum : 
 to do anything with d., judicio aliqnid 
 facere, Cic. : v. judgment. 3. priid- 
 entia: v. pbddence. Phr. • to show 
 d., sapere, PI. : Cic. : d. is the better part 
 of valour, •animus bene cautus optinuis. 
 II. Entire control-. \. arbitriura : 
 peace and war were left to Quintius's 
 d, liberum ar. pacis ac belli Quinlio 
 pennissum, Liv.: to excite the feelings 
 of an audiehce at rnie's d., mentes eorum 
 qui audiunt ad ar. suum movere, Cic. : 
 to surrender at d., victoris ar. exspectare. 
 Curt. 2. arbitfatus, us: (to do any- 
 thing) at one's own d., suo arbitratu. PI. : 
 Cic: v. pleasure. Phr.. (a.) to hare 
 arrived at years of d., adolevisse ; adult- 
 nm (adultam), adulta aetate esse (v. to 
 GBOW up), all those who have arrived 
 at years nfd., omnes puberes, Liv. (v. 
 full-grown): of a Roman citizen, 
 togam virilera or puram sumere, Cic ; 
 praetextam deponere, V'al. Max.; sni 
 Juris fieri. Cic. : to have wasted all ime's 
 fortune before arriving at years of d., 
 praetextatum decoquere, Cic: with rel. 
 to intellect, perh. *ciii mens animus<)ue 
 Jam constat. (6.) to act at d. (v. also 
 supr. 1, 2): he had been empouered to 
 act at d., pennissum ipsi erat, faceret 
 qU'Xl e republica duceret esse, Liv. : 
 also, llbere ad summam rerum (opp. to 
 ex praescripto) agere, Caes. ; consilium 
 capere ex re et tempore, Cic. (c.) to 
 surrender at d., se suaque omnia all- 
 cujus potestati permittere. suas fortuiias 
 alic-ujus fidei permittere, Caes. (see also 
 supr. 1). 
 
 discretionary: Phr-: to give any 
 one d. pmver over any matter, liberum 
 arbltrium alicui cujuspiam rei (<!e re 
 quapiam) permittere, Liv. : thenby the 
 fullest d. poaer is given to a magistrate, 
 eii poteslas magistral ui maxima per- 
 niittitur. Sail. : ambassadors from the 
 Aetolians came with d. poivers, legati al) 
 Aetolis cum liberis mandatis venerunt, 
 
 Liv : V. FULL, DISCRETION (IL). 
 
 discriminate : dijudicu, distinguo, 
 
 interno.sco • v. Te» di.stincuish. (I)1s- 
 crimliio occurs in Sen., but is verj' 
 rare.) 
 discriminating: \. inttinffuish- 
 
 ing : chiefly in phr., a d. mark : 1. 
 dlscrimen,inis, n.: all the d. marks of 
 
 ranks, omnia d. quibus ordines discem- 
 trentur, Liv. J4, 54: Qniiit. • v. dis- 
 tinction. 2, nSta: insigne: V.MARK. 
 II, Capable of discrimination: 1. 
 perspicax (sharp-sighted, bodily or men- 
 tally): Cic. 2. subtilis, e: {fine, 
 keiti, in juiigment) : a d. ciitic, s. Judex 
 (veterum), Hor. : a judicious and d 
 reader, sapiens s.que lector, I'lln. Ep. 
 3. Ifnuis (like subtilis, but rare) : 
 d. in the choice of uords, t. (cautnsque) 
 In v?rbis serendis, Jlor. Phr.: ad. 
 a/imirer, 'qui non Icniere omnia, sed ex 
 diligenti siibtilique Judicio unamquom- 
 que rem miratur. 
 
 discrimination : I. The act of 
 distinguishing: disiinctio, dlscrimen : 
 v. distinction. II. Uifcemment: 
 
 Judicium, discrimen: v. discernment, 
 nicetv. 
 
 discrown: *alicui inslgno regium 
 do capile ileirahere. 
 
 discursive: I. Rambling: 1. 
 varius: d. tulk, v. senno, Vlrg. 2. 
 
 vagus : v. desultory, RAMBLING. ||, 
 
 Reasoning: 1. raiionalis, e: v. ra- 
 tional. 2. riitiocinaiivus (relating 
 to reason or argument) : Cic Phr.: the 
 d. faculty (Gr. Siavoia), ratiocinatiu, 
 *discursus, ratio: v. Sir W. Uamliton, 
 lleiil, p. 168. 
 
 discursively: I. freely, in a 
 
 desultory way: strlctim; v. cursorily. 
 
 II. By reasoning: Fhr. : to reason 
 
 d., ratiocinari, ratiocinativo genere uti: 
 
 V. TO reason. 
 
 discuss: 1. agUo, i (to canvass 
 freely): the conduct of the consul tias 
 d.'d, de facto consulis agiiari (hist, inf.), 
 SalL : Caes. : tocLa thing at targe, rem 
 niultum a., Lact. 2. discepto, i (ca><;- 
 fidly to consider, looking at both sid4;s 
 of a question: usu. withde): to d. con- 
 troversies, de controversiis a., Caes. : all 
 the terms of the treaty are d.'d, de om- 
 nibus conditionibus disceptatur, Caes. : 
 Cic: v. TO DKBATE. 3. disputo, I 
 (like discepto, but used with ref. to 
 opinions, whereas discepto refers rather 
 to disputed interests, legal questions, 
 etc.): to d. the stars, de sideribus d., 
 Caes. : the point which is being d.'d, id 
 de quo disputatur, Cic. 4. dissero, ui, 
 rtuin, ? : v. TO DiscouBSE. 6. &go. 
 egi, actum, ? (like agito): to d. terms of 
 peace, de conditionibus pacis o., Liv. : 
 Cic. : v. TO DEBATE. Phr.: to d. a 
 question, quaestionem excutere {not dis- 
 cutere). Quint. 
 
 discussion : 1. disputatio : to enter 
 upon a discussion on a sutyect, d. de ali- 
 qn.i re incipere, Cic : to hold a d., d. in 
 utramque partem habere, Caes. 2, 
 disceptatio (lor diff. between this and 
 preced., v. to discus-s, 3): v. debate. 
 3, conlentio, certamen : v. dispute, 
 CONTK.ST. Phr.: during the d., 'imerea 
 dum disputatur : the conduct of the con- 
 sul excited very hot d., *de facto consulis 
 acerrime agitaUitur (v. to discuss): 
 there is a learned d. of the point in ... , 
 *doctissime tractatur ea res apud . . . 
 (v. TO treat). 
 
 disCUtient: di.<wnissorius: to have a 
 d. force, d. vim habere, Plln.: to lie a d. 
 (for any disease), discutfere, with ace, 
 Plin. 
 
 disdain («•) : 1. dedignor, I (chiefly 
 poet., and with ac.): ichose wooing I 
 have already so often d.'d, quos ego sum 
 toties Jam dedignata marltos, Virg. : 
 Curt. : poet, with inf. : site d.'d not to 
 fall at the hnees of Jove, genibus pro- 
 cumbere non est dedignata Jovis, Ov. : 
 
 2. indignor, 1 (usu. denoting an 
 indignant, angry feeling at somr thing 
 V hich has been or is being dmie) : to d. 
 to Uam, discere ind., Quint. : Araxes 
 d.ivg to be bridged, pontem indignatus 
 Araxes, Virg.: v. indignant, to be. 
 
 3, aspernor, i ; v. to spurn, slight, 
 
 REJECT. 4. desplcio, J: V. to look 
 
 DOWN ui-ON, DESPISE. 5. fastidio, 4 
 (to look u-ith disgust and discontent 
 upon): to d. all generals after Alex- 
 ander, post Alexandrum omnes duces f.. 
 Just.: Quint. : rare with 171/.: d. not to 
 admit us into the number of the priests. 
 
 ne fastidieris Dos in sacerdoiiiiu numer* 
 uni accipere, Liv. 6. respuo, j: v. 
 TO BUfx;T. Phr.; I d. to lie, mentiri 
 iiescio.Juv.: th/'udMtourgifli,MT<i'Tnt 
 tibi Diunera nostra, Virg.: I'elides d.ing 
 to yield, P. cetlere nescius, Hor. ; not 
 d.ing to be call'd . . . , patiens vocari, 
 Hor. : to d. to touch thi' lute, barbilon 
 tendere refupere, Hor. ; who has spemo 
 also with inf., Od. i, i, 20. (N.B. To 
 d. to do a thing, may usu. be expr by 
 making the inf a subs. : to d. to be in- 
 structed, lioclriirjm, magi>tro<aspeniari: 
 to d. to tell a lie, nolle in se meodacia 
 ailmiliere; mendacia respuere: v. to 
 
 SCOKN.) 
 
 disdain (subs.): 1. fasiidium (esp. 
 as (I feeling developed by over indulg- 
 ence) : let us avoid d. and arrogance, f. 
 :iiToK:)utiamque fugiamus, Cic: poeL 
 olicn pi.: to bear prowl d., {. superba 
 pali, Virg.: Hor. 2. taslus, ii8(p<jei.): 
 d. daells in the fair, f. inesl pulchris, 
 Ov. : a'so otten pi.: Ov : I'rop. 3. 
 coiitemptio, despicientia, aspematio 
 (rare): v. contempt, scorn. Phr.: to 
 treat with d., dedignor, aspernor, etc: 
 V, preced. art. 
 
 disdainful: 1. fastidiOsas: d.of 
 the hind (ot one who builds in the sea) : t 
 teirae, Hor.: Cic 2. lastosus (poeL): 
 I'llr. : Mart. 3. superbus: v. prijdd, 
 arrogant. Phr.: how d. the braggart 
 is .' ut fastidit gluriosus I PI. See also 
 
 BOA.sTFUL. .SCt^RNKUL. 
 
 disdainfully : 1. fastldiosg : Cic. 
 2. siiperbe : v. ARRCxiANTLy. scorn- 
 fully. Phr.: to treat d., look d. upon, 
 fastidire, with ace. : v. to disdain. 
 
 disdainfulness : fastidia (n. pi.) : 
 tf. L. G. 5 591 : or, animus lastidlosus: 
 v. disdainful. 
 
 disease (s"*^-)' 1. morbus (most 
 gen. tenu): sick of a severe d.. morbo 
 gravi aeger, Cic. : a d.of the mind, animi 
 m., Cic. : to be subject to d.s (of trees), iu- 
 lestiiri morbis, Plin. : to fall ill of ad., in 
 morbum cidere, incidere, delabi (gradu- 
 ally), Cic. : to catch a d., m. conirahere, 
 Plln. : to suffer from d., morbo laborare, 
 Cic. : to recover from a d., ex morbo 
 convalescere, recreari, evadere, morbo 
 liberari, Cic. : to cure a d., morbo mederi, 
 Cic. ; morbum depellere (to get rid of 
 it), Cic. ; m. discutere, med. t. t. : to 
 ty eat a d., morbo curationem adbibere, 
 Cic. : to assuage tlie violence of d., morbi 
 imi>etum lenire, Petr. : to die of d. (by 
 natural death), morbo mori, perlre, 
 Nep. ; morbo absumi. Sail.: the d. in- 
 creases, m. amplior fit. Per. ; ingravescit, 
 Cic ; aggravescit. Suet. : gels the mat- 
 tery, praevalet, Plin. : remains station- 
 ary, consistit, Cels. : decreases, mlnuitur, 
 Cels. ; se minuit, Plin ; deciinat, Plin.; 
 decrescit, Cels.: depaits, decedit, Cela: 
 becoHifS deep-rooted, iiivelera.scii, lVIs.; 
 returns, recurril. Gell.: i-« profiagaled 
 heieditarily, per succes-siimem traditur, 
 Plln. Kp. spreads to others, in alios 
 vulgatur, Curt. : an hereiiitary d., m. 
 patrius, Plin. Kp. : acute dj, m. acuti, 
 Cels. : chronic d.s, m. chronici, Coel. 
 Aur : intermittent d.s, ni. periwlici, t. 
 iNTERMnTENT. 2, aegfolatio (the 
 
 state of suffering from a disiase): r, 
 sickness, illness. 3. aegritudo. iiiis, 
 /. (like aegrotatio, but very rare in iliis 
 sense): Tac. ; Plin. 4. nialunH»here 
 the context e.xplains): Cels. : Ov.: blight 
 is ad. of n'Hes, vinearuin m. est robigo, 
 Plln. 5. vitium (only of plants) : dj 
 peculiar to thefigtrcf., v. fici peciili^iria, 
 Plin. Phr.: a ctmtagious d, contasin, 
 onis, /. : Sail.; contagium, usu. poet, 
 in^j. : Virg.: v. pestilence. 
 
 diseased (part, adj.): 1. mor- 
 bidus(in/Vctf(i icith a liuvfem/xTor row- 
 plaint: rare): d bees, m. apes, Varr.: 
 a d. bixiy, ni. corpus, Plin. 2. niur- 
 bosus (not necessarily suffering at the 
 time, but subj'ct to some disease) ; d. 
 cattle, in. jhcus, Varr. : Cato. 3. 
 aegrotus (sulhiing at the time) ■ v. 
 sick, ILL. Kig.: the d. commim II ealtk, 
 ae. respublica, Cic. 4. aeger, gn^ 
 grum (used of both body and minit): v. 
 ILL : d. in mitid, aiiimo ac., Cic. ; fig, 
 215
 
 DISEMBARK 
 
 DISFAVOUR 
 
 SISGBACE 
 
 of the state, Cic. (Aegrotus when ap- 
 plied to the mivd is fif;. : aoger may 
 refer to any kind of ailing or afflicted 
 condition.) Phr. : to be d., "morbo 
 affectum esse, tabescere (of long and 
 enervating disease), Cic. (Not aegrotare, 
 which is to be sick or ill, q. v. : but 
 aegrotare may be used fig., as of the 
 state ; comp. supr. 3.) 
 
 disembark: |. Trans. : 1. 
 
 expono, p5sui, p6situm, } (ex navi, 
 navibus) : to d. ti oops, milites ex na- 
 vibus ex. [de puppilius altis, Virg.], 
 Caes. : in terrain is often added, Caes. ; 
 also, in Utora, Liv. ; in litore, Just. 
 Expono is also used absol., / brought 
 the eorn (by sea), / d.'d it, frumentum 
 advexi, exposui, Cic. 2. depono, j 
 (rare) : same constr. as preced. : Hirt. : 
 Just. 3. idiico, xi, ctum, j (where a 
 military movement is intended) : he 
 immediately d.'d his troops and routed, 
 etc., statim ex classe copias eduxit, pro- 
 stravitque, etc., Nep. Cim. 2, 5. ||, 
 In trans. : 1, egrgdior, gressus, } : 
 with or without e navi (navibus) and in 
 terram: Caes.: Cic: also with ace., 
 navem egredi, Liv. (comp. supr. 1). 
 2, exec, ivi and li, itum, 4 (with 
 or without e navi, navibus : less freq. 
 than preced.) : to d. at Ostia, e.\ire 
 Ostiae, Cic. (but the more strict sense 
 of the phr., is to quit the ship, whether 
 reaching land or not: comp. Cic. Att. 
 2, 7, ad fin. ; Nep. Them. 8, fin.). 3. 
 evado, si, sum, j (same constr. a.s pre- 
 ced.): esp. where there is any difficulty 
 in getting ashore: cf. Liv. 29, 27, fn. 
 N.B. Not escendo, which in Nep. Them. 
 8, 6, is to embark. In Liv. 29, 11, 
 escendere Delphos, is to ascend to Delphi. 
 But sxscensio is used of a descent upon 
 the coast. Phr.: to look fin- a pUice to 
 d., accessnm petere. Liv. 
 
 disembarkation : 1. egressus, 
 
 us: the best plare for d., qua optimus 
 est e., Caes. : Hirt. 2. exscensio : 
 I. e. a descent upon the coast: q. v. 
 (Very often better expr. by verb : a 
 suitable place for d., locus ad egredi- 
 endum idoneus, Caes. : after the d. of 
 the arm,y, exposito exercitu, quum ex- 
 ercilus expositus esset: v. to disem- 
 bark.) 
 disembarrass: 1. expedio, 4: 
 
 V. TO EXTRICATE. 2. libgro, I : V. TO 
 
 FREE, DELIVER. 3. Solvo, exsolvo, 
 
 i: V. TO RELEASE. 
 
 disembarrassment : v. extrica- 
 tion, RELEASE. 
 
 disembitter : v. to sweeten. 
 
 disembodied : |. In military 
 
 sense: v. disbanded. ||. Freed frmn 
 the body : corpore sOlutus : the d. spirit, 
 anima (animus) s. corpore, Cjuint. 
 Phr.: d. spirits, animi (qui) corpore 
 excessere, qui ex corporum vinculis 
 tanquam e carcere evolaverunt, Cic: in 
 mythol. sense, umbrae : v. shades. 
 (Corpor's expers would not denote the 
 fonner possession of a body.) 
 
 disembogue : of rivers : exeo, evol- 
 vor, effundor : v. to discharge. 
 
 disembowel: exentero, gviscgro, i: 
 
 v. TO EMBOWEL. 
 
 disembroil: compOno, posui, ps- 
 
 sUum, J : tod. the troubled tvaves, 
 motos c. fluctus, Virg. : Hor. : v. to 
 SETTLE, COMPOSE. Phr.: this Strife (of 
 chaos) the deity d.'d, banc deus litem 
 diremit, Ov. 
 
 disenabled {part, adj.): v. dis- 
 abled, DIS(jUALIFIED. 
 
 disenchant: I. Lit.: to free 
 
 from the influence of spells: 1. 
 solvo, vi, iitum, j (with some defining 
 word) : d.'d by the spell of a cleverer 
 ■witch, solutus veneficae carmine [in- 
 cantameniis] scientioris, Hor. 2. 
 faaclnationes rgpercutio, cussi, cussum. 
 J : V. Plin. 28, 4. 7 (but the sense is 
 somewhat diff. from the Eng). 3, 
 perh. expgdio, 4 : d.'d b;/ means of same 
 wand, *f&dem virgd fascinationum vin- 
 culis expcditus. II, Fig.: to free 
 from an illusion : alicui voluptatem 
 extorqueo, graium (gratissimum) error- 
 em demo, V. Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 140. 
 216 
 
 disencumber : 1. ex6n6ro. i : 
 
 to d. vessels by throwing things over- 
 board, navigia jactu ex., Sen. : v. to un- 
 load. 2. laxo, I : fee d.'d his sluiul- 
 (fers laden vith the quiver, pharetra 
 graves laxavit humeros. Sen. 3. 
 
 (onere) 16vo, i : v. to relieve. Phr. : 
 having d.'d themselves of their baggage, 
 relictis impedimentis, Caes. : d.'d of 
 cares, expediius curis, Hor. 
 
 disengage: I. To separate one 
 eIemeniyVo7it another : rgsolvo, secerno : 
 V. lo decosipose, separate. 11. To 
 withdraw a thing from that with ukich 
 it is entangled : 1. expfidio. 4: tod. 
 a person who is entangled, aliquem illi- 
 gatum (aliqua re) ex., Hor. : to d. bread 
 from the baskets (containing it), ex. Cer- 
 erem canistris, Virg. 2. libgro, i : 
 
 V. to release. 3. abstraho, xi, ctum, 
 J : to d. sponges (tear them away from 
 the rock), spongias abs., Plin. : vho d.d 
 him from her, quis abstraxit eum ab 
 ilia.? Ter. : tod. the mind frcmi the body, 
 animum a corpore abs., Cic 4, dis- 
 traho, J : Cic. 5. abdOco, xi, ctum, 
 J (esp. fig.) : (like abstraho), to d. the 
 thoughts from everyday matters, cogita- 
 tionem e consueludine ab., Cic. 6. 
 avoco, rcvoco, i : v. to call aw.^v. 
 
 disengaged (part, adj.): |. 
 
 Part.: v. preced. art. ||. Adj.: Un- 
 occupied: 1, vacuus (esp. of to i-«rs) : 
 hoping you icould be ever d., semper te 
 vacuam sperans, Hor. : in gen. sense, as 
 we knew you to be d., quum te sciremus 
 esse v., Cic. 2. otiosus : v. leisure, 
 at. 3. feriatus (having holiday) : d. 
 from public business, f. negotiis publi- 
 cis, Cic. Phr.: d. from cares, curis 
 solutus, expeditus, curis exsolutus (v. 
 free) : to be d. for (i. e. have time for) 
 a chat, sermoni vacare, Plin. 
 
 disengagement: I. The act of 
 setting J'ree, hhiratio: v. release. ||, 
 The act of detaching : dissociatio : the 
 d. of soul and body, spiritiis et corporis 
 d., Tac. : V. separation. 
 
 disennoble : to deprive of rank : 
 *di' statu honoris dejicio umoveo : v. 
 to degrade. 
 
 disenroU • I. I'o discharge : di- 
 niitto, J : V. to disband. ||. To ex- 
 punge from a UH : erado, } : v. to 
 
 ERASE. 
 
 disentangle : 1. explico, avi and 
 ui, atum and itum, j (to free from en- 
 tanglement) : to d. oneself in some rvai/, 
 se aliqua ratione (laqueis) ex., Cic. : to d. 
 hair, capillos fusos ex., Varr. (R. & A.) 
 
 2. enodo, 1 (to fi-ee from knots: 
 more fieq. in fig. sense) : to d. the in- 
 tricacies of latv, laqueos juris e., Gell. 
 
 3. exsolvo, vi, iitum, } : v. to un- 
 fasten, LOOSEN. 4, exp5dio, 4 (to 
 get out of dipiculties) : to d. oneself 
 from the toils, se laqueis ex., Cic. : v. to 
 
 DISENGAGE. 
 
 disentrance: somnis exsolvo : see 
 
 also to DISENCHANT (11.). 
 
 disesteem (subs.): contemptus, con- 
 temptio : V. contempt. Phr.: you hold 
 my merits in d., tu me bene merentem 
 despicatui habes, PI. : to fall into d., 
 existimatioiiem perdere, Auct. ad Her. : 
 the wine has faJ.Um into d., vinum no- 
 men perdidit, Cato. 
 
 disesteem («•) •■ parvi aestimo, con- 
 tenino : v. to despise, disregard. 
 
 disfavour (subs.): l. offensio: 
 
 to fall into d. with any one, suscipere 
 [invidiam atque] off. apud aliqium ; in 
 odium off.que alicujus incurrere, Cic. : 
 great d., gravis of., Cic. Dimin., offen- 
 siuncula, slight d., Cic. 2, offensa 
 (esp. when lasting) : I am in very great 
 d. v-ith Pompey, magna in offensa sum 
 apud Pompeium, Cic. : to get into g) eat 
 d. (with an emperor), gravissiraam off. 
 (apud principem) contrahere, Suet. 3, 
 invidia (ill-feeling on the part of the 
 people) : Cic. (v. supr.) : v. unpopular- 
 ity. 4. frigus, 6ris, n. (on the part 
 of the great) : to smite any one with 
 your d. (as a patron), frigore aliquem 
 ferire, Hor.: Sen. Phr.: to get into d. 
 with the people, plebem offendere, Cic. 
 (V. TO OFFEND); populi studium amit- 
 
 tere, Cic. : in d. with any one, offensua 
 [invisusque] alicui, Cic. : to be in com^ 
 plete d. (with the people), totum jacere, 
 Cic. : see also displeasure, odium. 
 
 disfavour (v.): imprSbo, abhorreo 
 (with abl.) : v. to disappkove, discoun- 
 tenance. 
 
 disfiguration : v. dbfigurement. 
 
 disfigure : 1, deformo, I (to alter 
 the natural form in any way ; but usu. 
 for the worse) : to d. the features (of 
 starvation), vultum d., Virg. : lealls bare 
 and d.d, parietes nudi ac deformati, Cic. 
 
 2. foedo, I (to disfigure offensively, 
 brutally) : to d. the face with talons, ora 
 unguibus f., Virg.: Liv.: v. to pol- 
 lute. 3. turpo, I (sim. to foedo, but 
 less strong) : a scar d.s the brow, t. 
 frontem cicatrix, Hor. : to d.fair shoul- 
 ders, candidos humeros t., Hor. : Tac. 
 
 disfigured (part adj.) : 1. foe- 
 dus : that the face may be less d., quo 
 minus foeda facies sit, Cels. : busts d. by 
 black smoke, f. nigro simulacra fumo, 
 Hor. 2. turpis, e : v. unsightly. 
 (Also part, of verbs under preced. art. : 
 q. v.) 
 
 disfigurement: 1. deformatio: 
 V. to disfigure ; and comp. Liv. 9, 5, 
 fin. 2. deformitas : without d. of face, 
 citra d. oris (from an operation), Plin. 
 
 3. foeditas (stronger than the pre- 
 ced. : of what is hideous : q. v.) : d. of 
 scars, f. cicatricum, Plin. P h r. : nor 
 were tears a d. to her, nee facta est la- 
 crymis turpior ilia suis (nee turpabant 
 illam lacrymae suae), Ov. 
 
 disfiguring (adj.): l. foedus; 
 
 a d. scar, Hor. 2. turpis, e : v. UGtT, 
 unsightly. 
 
 disfrancliise : 1. expr. by civi- 
 tas, and various verbs : to d. a citizen, 
 alicui civitatem adimere, Cic. : to d. one- 
 ^'''/ C^y one's own act), sibi civitatem 
 ahjudicare, Cic. : to become d.d, c. amit- 
 tere, Cic. 2. suffragio (or suffrages, 
 of a number, privo), i (to deprive of the 
 right of voting, whereas civitatem is to 
 deprive of citizenship totally) : to d. the 
 Roman people, Populum K, suffraglls 
 pr., Cic. (As syn. with civitatem adim- 
 ere, we find also in tabulas Caeritium 
 referre, and aerarium facere, Ascon. ad 
 Cic Div.: Gell.) 
 
 disfranchised: civitate, suffragio 
 
 privatus : v. preced. art. 
 
 disfranchisement: expr. by verb: 
 
 to punish by d., civitatem adimere, etc. : 
 v. to disfranchise. Phr.: deserving 
 d., Caeriie cera dignus, Hor. 
 
 disfurnishedCiw*. adj.) : nudatus. 
 d. walls, n. paiietes, Cic. ; v. babe, 
 empty. 
 
 disgorge: 1. vomo, ui, itum, j 
 
 (like its comps. both lit. and fig.): whe- 
 ther he drank or d.d more, an plus bi- 
 bcrit, an vomuerit, Cic. : to d. morsels 
 mixed with wine, frusta vino glomerata 
 v., Ov. : to d. money, argentum v., Cic. 
 2. rgvonio, } (more precisely) : 
 Nig.: Plin. 3. Sv5mi), j : tod. money, 
 pecuniam devoratam e., Cic. : v. to 
 \OMiT FORTH. 4. egero, gessi, ges- 
 tum, } : to d. a hook, bamum e., Plin. 
 5. eructo, i: Virg.: Gell.: v. to 
 
 BELCH forth. 
 
 disgrace (subs.) : |. ill-odour 
 
 with any one : offensa, offensio, invidia, 
 frigus : V. DISFAVOUR. II, Dishonour : 
 1. dedgcus, coris, n. : a spacious 
 house becomes a source of d. to the owner, 
 ampla domus dedccori domino fit, Cic. : 
 a d. to nature (i. e. the ass), naturae d., 
 Phaedr. Join: igiiominia et dedecus, 
 probrum atque dedeeus, Cic. 2. tur- 
 piludo, mU,f. : with d. (lo oneself), per 
 turp.. Sail. ; branded with signal d., in- 
 signi t. notatus, Cic. : what a d. to the 
 commonwealth, quanta reipublicae t., 
 [quantum dedecus, quanta labes], Cic. 
 (Turpiludo is strictly abstract, dedecus 
 concrete ) 3. intamia : v. infamy. 
 
 4. ignominia (public d.) : to icipe 
 out by valour a d. incurred in var 
 ign. bello acceptam delere. Just. Join: 
 ignominia et infamia, Cic. . v. ignominy. 
 
 5. probrum (corresponding to Ig- 
 nominia as concrete to abstr.) ; to deem
 
 DISGRACE 
 
 DISGUST 
 
 DISHEARTET? 
 
 anything a d., aliquld probro esse put- 
 are, Clc; probro habere, Sail. See also 
 INSULT, SCANDAL. 6. opprobriuiii (a 
 reproach : q. v.) a d. to one's am.fjstors, 
 op. tnajorum, I'ac. : Cat. 7. labes, is, 
 /. (fig.: lit., a blot, stain: q. v.): to 
 uripe out a d., 1. priorls igiiominiae abol- 
 ere, Tac. : see also supr. (2). 8. 
 
 riibor, oris, m. {{M.blmUing : hence by 
 meton., of » hat isfdl to be a disyrace) : 
 to bring d. ujion the condemned, r. d.iiii- 
 nato affrrre, Cic. : vor is it deemed a d., 
 nee rubor. Tac. (better perh., iiec rubori 
 est : V. supi .). I' h r. : that d. of human 
 nature, flagitium illud hominis: PI. 
 
 disgrace (i')- I. I'o put out of 
 favour : only used In p. part. : v Dis- 
 UKACEi). II. To deprive of position nr 
 rank : ignoniinia n6to, i {of a soldier) : 
 ordineni Sdlino {of a centurion) ; tribu 
 mSveo (of a citizen) ; etc. : v. to dk- 
 ORADE. Ill, (Usual sense) : to bring 
 dishonour upon : 1. ded6c6ro, l : to 
 d. oneself by a vicious life, se flugltiis d.. 
 Sail. : Cic. 2. dehOiiesto, i : to stain 
 and d. any one's good name, alicujus 
 famam maculare atque d., Liv. : v. to 
 i>isiioNouii. 3. e.xpr. by means of 
 
 turpttudo, etc. (v. disgrack, 2): this 
 order has been d.d, concepta (iiiusta) est 
 huic ordini turpitudo, based on Cic. : a 
 person is not d.d by such a sentence, 
 tale Judicium nuUam habet turpiiudi- 
 nem, based on Cic. : how deeply are we 
 d.d, quanta tiirpitudinis labe aiflicimur ! 
 quanta ignoniitiia atque infamia labcira- 
 raus ! V. DISGRACK. 4. comuiaculo, i 
 (to blot, .v'tain) ; to d. oneself by ( illegal) 
 canuo.s.'iu/i;, se ambitu c, Cic 5. de- 
 formi), I (to mar, i^poil) : to d. a victory 
 by a massacre, victoriam clade d., Liv. : 
 Cic. 6. infanio, i (v. rare) : Prop. 
 7. degfiiifro, I (by degineracy): to 
 d. one's Icin, ])ropinquos d.. Prop, (a rare 
 constr.). 8. triiduco, xi, ctuni, } (to 
 expose to disgrace) : to d. wives and 
 children in the eyes of men, conjuges, 
 liberos ir. per ora bominum, Liv. 
 
 disgraced : I. •'" disfavour .• 
 
 •de gratia (principis) dejeclus ; qui 
 (principis) frigore pcrcnssus est : v. 
 DISFAVOUR. II, Coverid with dis- 
 
 grace : 1, iiilamls, e : d. by vice, fla- 
 gitiis (per flagitia, Tac.) inf, Cic: v. 
 INFAMOUS. 2. probrosus (publicly 
 
 scandalous): Tac: v. disokackfui,. 
 Plir. : deeply d. by abominable crimes, 
 ncfariis scelerilius coopertus, Cic. : Liv. 
 See also to Dr.sfiRACi;. 
 
 disgraceful : 1. turpis, e (most 
 
 coniprthciisive word): ad. Jiight or a 
 glorious death, turpis fuga aut ginriosa 
 mors, Cic. : o d. rejection, turpis repulsa, 
 Hor. : d. morals, turpes mores, 1 '1. : a 
 most d. per.on, homo turpissinius [et 
 sordidlsslmus], Cic. : sometvhat d., sub- 
 tiirpis, Cic. 2. igTiomitiiosus : v. 
 
 ignominious. 3. flagitiosus (marked 
 by d. conduct): a most d. person (of d. 
 life), homo flagiiiosisslmus, Cic. : 'tis 
 less d. for a king to be vanquished in 
 arms than in generosity, regem armis 
 quam muniticentia vinci minus fiagitio- 
 sum. Sail. 4. probiosus (full of 
 
 scandals) : d. in (his) life, viia pr., Tac. . 
 d. effeminacy, p. mollilies, Plin. 5. 
 sordidus (mean. Ion; degrading) : d. de- 
 feat (in canv'iss for office), repulsjv s., 
 Hor. : a d. adultery, adulterlum s , Liv. : 
 Cic. (v. supr. 1). 6. deformis, e 
 
 (lacking lieaiU v or propriety) : a spiech 
 d. to oneself, ovitio sibi d., Liv. : d. gains, 
 d. lucra. Suet. 7. inhOnestus: v. 
 DISI10N0UR.VBLK. 8. pudendus: v. 
 
 shameful. 9. foedus (a very strong 
 word) : d. terms (of peace), f. coiidi- 
 tiones, Hor.: luxury whilst d. to every 
 age, is especially d. to old age, luxuria 
 cum omni aetati turpis, turn senectuli 
 foedissima est, Cic. P h r. : a d. act, 
 flagitium, Cic. : sti'Il stronger, flagitiosum 
 facinus. Sail.: to lire a d. life, flagitiose 
 vivere, Cic : it is not d., non est flagi- 
 tium (foil, by inf.), Ter. : t<> be d. to 
 any one, alicui dedecori, opprohrio esse, 
 
 etc. : v. DISGUACE. 
 
 disgracefully: 1. turpiter: Cic 
 Caes. (N.B. For syn., see adj.) 2. 
 
 flagitiose (a very strong word) : d. un- 
 provided, I. imparatus, Clc. 3. foede 
 (foully: q. v.): d. and with shameful 
 insults, f. et per turpem conlumeliam. 
 Front. : Cic. : Liv. 4. ignominwse ; 
 V. iGNOMiNiousLV. 5. inli6neste : v. 
 DisHONOUKABLY. 6. defomiiter: Suet. 
 7. expr. by subs. uiid>-r disgrace : 
 per turpitudinem, cum [sumraa] turpi- 
 nidiiie ; cum dedecore, . etc : v. dis- 
 grace. 
 
 disgracefulness : 1. turpitudo: 
 Cic. 2. di-lurmiuis : .Join: turpi- 
 tudo et deformiias, Cic. 3. foedltas 
 (stronger than preced.) : Clc. : v. foul- 
 NE.>is. Phr. : d. of life, flagitia (cf. 
 L. ti i ?9i): Sail.: Cic 
 
 disguise (subs.): \. Lit.: o/" 
 
 the jiersi/n : 1. persona : v. mask. 
 2. intCgumentum : Cic. (who has 
 it in fig. sense). 3. much more 
 
 freq. expr. by means of vestis, ha- 
 bitus, etc. : he assumed the d. of a 
 shepherd, pastoralcm cultum induit, 
 V'ell. : in the d. of a slave, veste servill 
 in dissimulationom sui compositus, Tac : 
 in the d. of his wife's dollies, permutalo 
 cum uxore habitu. Quint.: she assumed 
 the d. of an old hag, simulavlt anum, 
 Ov.: to put ona d.,*v(ist\t\xm alienum 
 induere. j|. Fig.: 1. persona: 
 to take the disguise off things, p. rebus 
 deinere. Sen. 2. veliimentuin : seek- 
 ing a d.for their lusts, quaerentcs libi- 
 dinibus suis v.. Sen. 3. integunien- 
 tum : to see through a d., per rin\'olucra 
 atque] integumenta perspicere, Cic: 
 more fully, integumc^ntadissiniulationis, 
 Cic. 4, simulatio: V. PRETENCE. 5. 
 obtentus, praetextus, lis : v. pretext. 
 Phr.: to put a d. on ngly things, dare 
 colorem deforniibus rebus. Quint. : that 
 put an end to A}:piuss d., ille finis .•Vppii) 
 alicnae personae ferendae, Liv. : a god 
 in the d. of a bull, tiiurus dissimulans 
 deum Ov. ; skilled in d., dissimulator, 
 Sail ^>er also verb. 
 
 disguise («-)•• I. Lit. : to a.^- 
 sn me a disguise of person ; 1. mu(o, 
 pirnv'ito, I (with some such word as 
 vestein, habitum): he e.Kapeii the city 
 d.d in a dress beneath his lank, mutata 
 veste, habiium dissimilem fortunae suae 
 indutus, urbe elapsus est, Veil. : he 
 (Codras) d.d himself in rags, and en- 
 tered the hostile camp, permutato regis 
 haliitu, pannosus, castra hoslium ingredi- 
 tur, .Just. 2. dissinmlo, i (rare in this 
 sense) : to d. one's manhood under long 
 clothes, longa veste virum d., Ov. : v. to 
 CONCEAL. Phr.: to d. oneself (of a 
 woman) in men's clothes, vestem virilem 
 induere, Just. : d.ing her sex, sexum 
 mentita. Just.: to recognise a man thus 
 d.d, occultum falsi sub imagine sexus 
 virum nosse, Stat. See also subs. (L). 
 II, Fig.: to hide w nMsk a qua- 
 lity : 1, dissimulo, i : to d. on^'s 
 displeasu)-e, A. aliquid sibi displicerf, 
 Cic. : to d. one's ignorance, d. se nescire, 
 Cic 2. obtggo, 3 ; celo. i v. to 
 
 HIDE, CONCEAL. 3. praetendo, prae- 
 
 tCXO, ! : V. TO CLOA K. 
 
 disguiser: dissimiilator : Sail. 
 
 disgust (sub.<.) : I. Of the appe- 
 tite: 1. satias, atis,/. ; saties, ei,/. ; 
 satitStas, atis,/.: v. satiety, fulness. 
 2, fastidium (a sense of loathing): 
 Join: satietas et f. cibi, Cic. : to excite 
 d., [magnum] movere animo f., Hor. : 
 v. nausba. 3. taedium (strictly of 
 what one is tired of) : to produce d. of 
 anything, t. alicujus rei adducere, Plin. : 
 tliey get a d. fin- nine, vinura iis In t. 
 venit, Plin. 4. nausiSa : v. nausea. 
 P h r. : to feel a cLfor anything, fastldire 
 (with ac'c), Hor. : Suet. |i. In gen. 
 sense : 1. satietas (arising from 
 
 having had enough of a thing): to cause 
 d., salietatem parere, Clc. : v. satiety. 
 2, fastidium : to contract a d. for 
 a thing and so be set against it, ab allqua 
 re f. quodam et satietate aballenari, 
 Cic. (Also used in good sense, v. 
 
 NICETY, fastidiousness.) 3, 8t6mil- 
 
 chus : to excite a person's d., s. alicui 
 movere, Cic. (v. indignation) : not 
 luitlioul d., non sine aliquo meo s., Cic. 
 
 4. ta<-dium (strictly, wearinets) : d. 
 
 for toil, I. laboris. Quint. 5. Odium; 
 v. aversion, hatred. 6. nausea 
 
 (rarej: MarL: v. loathing. Phr.: to 
 
 feel d., fastidio, etc. ; v fot'.. aru (IL). 
 
 disgust ("•) •■ I. Of the appetite: 
 festidium movere: v. disgust (subs.), L 
 II. In general sense; to excite great 
 annoyance, weariness of: \, lasli- 
 diuni, silifitatem, piiriire: v. disijCht 
 (11.). 2. taedium (alicujus rei) mo- 
 vere, Tac. ; taedio afficere, Tac. 3. 
 (to be d.'d), piget, uit, 2 (with ace. of 
 subject, and^eH.) : bemyd.'d at the public 
 morals duni me civitatis njoruni p.. 
 Sail. : / amashamed of and d.d unth my 
 brother, fratris me pudei pigeique, Ter. 
 4, poeiiitet, uit, 2 (same coiLslr. as 
 pigei): I am d.'d with myself , nw mei 
 poenitet, Cic: J'nmpey is heartily d.'d 
 (at the state of things) Pompeium ve- 
 hementer p., Cic. 5. taedet, uit and 
 pertaesum est (same constr. as preced.): 
 
 V. weary of, SICK OF (TO BE). g. 
 
 displiceu, ui, 2 (with da<. of subject). I 
 amd.'d with life, mibi vita d., I'er : houi 
 entirely am J d.'d iiilh myself! quam 
 ego totus nunc mibi d. ! Ter. 7. sUi- 
 machor, l (esp. with ace. ot neut. pron.) : 
 If I am much d.'d at anything, si 
 quid slomachor valde, Aug. In Suet. : v. 
 
 INliIl.N.VNT (TO he). 
 
 disgusting (adj.) .- L foedus (both 
 lit. and tig); ad. taste, f. sap<ir, Lucr. : 
 a d. .^mell, f. odor, Plin. : bugs, a must it. 
 sort of aninuxl, cimices, foedissiinum 
 animal, Plin. : d. feasts (of human 
 flish), f. convivia, Ov. : v. foul. 2. 
 teler (or taeter), tra, trum (stronger 
 than foedus: v. noi.some): d. breath, 
 spiriius t., Hor. : ■ d. snuU, odor t., 
 Caes. 3. obscoenus (esp. in seiLse of 
 obscene: q. v.) : o d. draught, hau^tus 
 ob., Luc. : Alecto funows her d. brow 
 with wrinkUs, Alecto frontem obs. 
 rugis arai, Virg. : d. gestures and mo- 
 tiims, gestus moliistiue obs., Tac 4. 
 odiosus: v. offensive. 5, mOlestus: 
 
 V. TKOUHLESOME. 
 
 disgustingly : 1. f'^de : ▼. 
 
 FOULLY. 2. letrc (taeu), Cic. 3. 
 obscoene : to live most unchastely and 
 d, impudicissime et obscoeiiis.-'ime vi- 
 vere, Kutrop. : Lie. 4. odiOsi' (an- 
 noyingly): he is d. late; the dinner i« 
 spoiling, odiose cessat ; prandium cor- 
 rumpitur, Ter. 
 
 dish («"&«•) •• I, rA« vessel: L 
 calinus (catinum, Cato : any plain 
 earthemoare d.) : Varr. : Hor. Dimin., 
 ciltillus, a small d., Hor.: Col. 2. 
 patina (a Jial, open d.) : I'er. : Cic. 
 Dimin., patella (also used /or ciioking 
 in) : Mart. : Plin. 3. paropsis, idis, 
 /. (a large dinner d.) : off' how many a 
 d. and how large he dines, quam niulta 
 magiiaque paropsidecoenat, Juv. ; Mart. 
 4. lanx, ncis, /. (usu. deep and 
 made of metal'): rounded (^big-bellied) 
 d.s. rotuiidae 1., Hor.; cjvae 1., Mart.: 
 Cic. 5. mazOnfimus (like paropsis, 
 a large table d.) : a mighty d., m. niag- 
 niis, Ilor. 6. scfitula (u small square 
 or oblong d. : rare) : Mart. 7. discus 
 (from its jvuild, quoit-like shape) : npul. 
 8. mSgis, Idis ; milgida, ae, /. 
 (rare): N'ep. : Varr. ||. rhe content* 
 oj the vessel: expr. without ;he word: 
 to sup on a d. of habs, olus a.K?iiare, 
 Hor. : a dinner with a great variety of 
 d.s, dubia coena, .luv. : there i.< senrd 
 up a cL consisting of Uimprey nitk 
 .■^quills Jloating (in the gravy), adfertur 
 scpiillas inter muraeim natanies, Hor.: 
 this is the receipt for the d. [of gravy], 
 his niistum jus est, Hor. : meadow 
 mushrooms arc an exceUtnl d., pralen- 
 sibus optima natura est, Hor. ; v. deli- 
 cacy, daisty. 
 
 dish-up (f)' appono, p6sui, p6sl- 
 tuni, ! Hor. : Clc. 
 
 dishabille: v. deshabille. 
 
 dish-clout : perh., spongia, pCnlcfi- 
 lus, pfnicillus (sponges being commonlf 
 used for such purposet) : Plin.; I'l. : T. 
 
 SPONGE. 
 
 dish-cover ; Operciilum : v. LID. 
 dishearten : 1. exanimo, i : • 
 
 211
 
 D ISU E VELLED 
 
 DIS JOr W 
 
 DISLOYATj 
 
 phkffmatic spectatw dj (the actor), ex. 
 lentus spectator, Uor. : these ivords of 
 Mile's d. and undo me, me quidem ex, 
 et Interlniunt bae voces Miloiiis, Oic. 
 2, percello, culi, culsura, 3 -. v. to 
 tiSHA r. 3. animum frango, infringo, 
 
 etc. : V. TO DIS(;OURAGE. 
 
 dishevelled : 1. passus : idth d. 
 
 hair, p. crinibus, Virg. ; Liv. 2. 
 effusus: vrith d. hair, e. coniis, Ov. 
 
 dishonest : 1, fraudulemus : d. 
 and lying, tr. et mendax, Cic. : d. cun- 
 ning, f. calliditas, Cic. 2. improbus 
 (more gen. term; in any uai/ unprin- 
 cipled : q. V.) : Cic. : Phaedr. 3. 
 malus (gen. term: v. bad): d. guile, 
 dolus m., Cic. 4. perl idus, inf 5dus : 
 
 V. TBEACHEROrS, FAITHLESS. 5. 16- 
 
 quam (indecl.) : only of persons : Cic. 
 P h r. : ad. person, fraudator, Phaedr. 
 
 dishonestly : 1. Iruuduk-nter : 
 
 Col. : Plin. 2. improbe Cic. 3. 
 per Qsummam] fraudem : Quint. 4. 
 dole maio (a legal phr. : v. dishoxestv, 
 4) : Cia 
 
 dishonesty : 1. fraus, dis, /. ; 
 
 wrong is done either by violence or d., 
 aut vi aut injuria fit injuria, Cic. : that 
 compound of d. and falsthood, qui esset 
 totus ex fraude et mendacio lactus, Cic. : 
 V. FRAUD. 2. maliiia (the qualiiy 
 subjectively; trans is the same, objec- 
 tively considered: defined by Cic. as, 
 versuta et f'allax nocendi ratio, N. D. 
 J, ^o, 'J5) : by false accusation and d. 
 (to claim money), per calumniam mali- 
 tiamque, Cic. : to have recourse to all 
 possibU d., ad omnem m. et fraudem 
 mentem versare, Cic. (N'.B. MalUia is 
 stronger than the Eng. dishonesty, im- 
 plying deliberate intention to injure or 
 tUfiaud.) 3. improbitas (gen. term, 
 including nil unprincipled conduct) : 
 Cic : Phaedr. : v. wickedness. 4. 
 dolus malus ("quum aliud sit simula- 
 tum, aliud actum " : a legal term) : tic. 
 N. D. }, jo, '74. 5. mendacium {i)i 
 words): v. supr. (1). 
 
 dishonour (subs^: \. in g»n. 
 sense r dedecus, ignominia, turpitudo, 
 etc. : V. DISGEACE. II. of a woman : 
 stuprum: to expiated, by a voluntary 
 death, st. voluntaria morte luere, Cic. : 
 
 V. VIOLATION. 
 
 dishonour ("■) •■ |. In gen. sense: 
 1, debSnesto, i : to d. one's fame, 
 famam suam d., Tac. 2. delormo, 
 1 : to d. good qualities by some flaw, 
 bona vitio d., Liv. : v. to mar. 3. 
 dedgcSro, i : v. to disgrace. ||. To 
 debauch : stupro, incesto, i : v. to vio- 
 late. 
 
 dishonourable: 1. inhonestus: 
 a d. life, vita in., Sail. : Cic. : d. xcounds, 
 in. vulnera, Ov. 2. turpis, e: v. dis- 
 GRACEFtJL. 3. illiberalis, e(it»iHW<Ay 
 of a free citizen) : d. gains (of hire- 
 lings), il. Qac sordid)] qnaeslus, Cic. 
 4. fraudulentus : v. dishonf.st. 
 
 dishonourably : 1. inhoneste : 
 Ter. : Cic. 2. turpiter: v. disgrace- 
 FrLLr. 3. ilUbSraliter (in a manner 
 unbecoming a free citizen) : Ter. 
 
 dishonoured {part, adj): turpitu- 
 dine (viiiie, flagitiis) obrulus; ignomi- 
 niosus ( lac.) : v. disgraced. 
 
 dishonourer : I. in gen. sense : 
 often expr by melon. (L. G. Ij 592) : d. 
 of erne's family, dedecus familiae suae : 
 V. disgrace. II. Of a woman : stn- 
 prator, corruptor: v. debaucher. 
 
 disinclination : 1. dgcUnatio 
 
 (rare in ibis sense): natural inclination 
 and d., appetitio et d. naturalis, Cic : 
 Gell. 2. 6dium (stronger than Kng.) : 
 V. aversion. 3. fiiga (d. actively 
 
 shovm) : d. for work. f. laboris, Cic. 
 Phr.: J feel, a total d. to writing, ani- 
 mus prorsus abhorret a scribendo, Cic. : 
 I fed a d. to..., me non libet (with 
 tn/.),Cic. : V. inclination. (N.B. Ani- 
 mus alienus, aversus. seem always to be 
 used of positively unfriendly or ali&i- 
 ated feeling.) See also disinclined. 
 
 disincline : 1. aiieno, i : to be 
 
 (naturally) inclined to self-preservatioii, 
 
 and d.d to extirwlion, comniendari ad se 
 
 conservandum, alienari autem ab inte- 
 
 218 
 
 ritU. Cic: V. TO ALIENATE. 2. 
 
 (.') av6co, I : my natural disposition d.s 
 me to philosophical studies, *avocat me 
 indoles ac natnra a philosophia ct. Cic. 
 Fin. I, I, 2. 3. abstraho, xi, ctum, j 
 (like avoco, to call a • ay, divert to some- 
 thing else): cf. ('ic. .Anh. 6, 12. " ut 
 ab nullius unqu.mi tempore aut com- 
 modo otium ineum abstraxerit, aut vo- 
 luptas avocarit, aut denique soninus 
 retardarit " : v. to divert call away : 
 and loll. art. 
 
 disinclined (part, adj.) : l. in- 
 vitus : V. unwilling. 2. aversus : 
 d. to the Muses, (to elegant pursuits), 
 av. a Musis, Cic. : v. averse. Very 
 olten with to be : to be d.d to anything : 
 (1.) abhorreo, ui, 2 : to 6e d.d to wtd, 
 ab uxore ducenda ab., Cic. : v. disincli- 
 nation. (2.) [non] libet, uit, 2 (with 
 
 dat.) : V. INCLINED (TO BE). 
 
 disinfect: *contagia depellere, dis- 
 cutfire : v. to DISPEL. Phr.: to d. the 
 air, aeris viiium purgare (tjuich.). 
 
 disinfectant : *aptum ad contagla 
 depellenda remedium. 
 
 disingenuous : 1. parum sin- 
 cerus, parum candidus ; v. candid, sin- 
 cere. 2, fallax, mendax : v. de- 
 ceitful 
 
 disingenuously : 1. parum sin- 
 cere : v. SINCERELY. 2. dolose, falla- 
 
 Clter : V. DECEITFULLY. 
 
 disingenuousness : 1. animus 
 
 parum sincerus, candidus: v. candid. 
 2- fraus, fallacia, mendacium : v. 
 
 DECEIT. 
 
 disinherit ; 1. exheredo, i : to 
 d. a son, filium ex., Cic. : Ulp. 2. 
 exheredem scribo, psi. ptum, } : neither 
 to make a son heir, nor to d. him, filium 
 neque heredem neque ex. scribere, Cic. : 
 Slnily, ex. facere, PI. 3. abdico, i 
 (to renounce a son during lifetime) : 
 Plin. Phr.: my son i.s hereby d.'d, 
 filius nieus exheres esto, Jul. Dig. 
 
 disinherited (.part, adj.) .- l. 
 
 exheres, edis : v. pieced, art. (2). 2. 
 exheredaius: Jul. Dig. 
 disintegrate : soivo, dissolve, dM- 
 
 lEO, J : V. TO DI.SSOLVE, DESTROY. 
 
 disintegration : dissoiutio : v. dis- 
 solution. 
 
 disinter : eruo, eRodio, J (Virg. has ef- 
 fossis sepulcris, G. i, 497): v. to dig up. 
 
 disinterested (part, adj.) : \. 
 
 Racing no concern ivith, deriving no 
 advantage (esp. from a dispute) : expr. 
 by interest (L. G. } 28;): you are a d. 
 person, 'tua hoc nihil interest; nihil 
 refert tua quomodo res dijudicetur. 
 II, jVot seeking one's own advant- 
 <*S'^ ■■ 1. graluitus : he (Epicurus) 
 
 disbelieves in the existence of d. virtue, 
 nuUam senlit g. esse virtutem, Cic. : d. 
 (unbought) votes,g. suffragia, Cic. (.V'.B. 
 Not of persons.) 2. abstinens, ntis 
 (esp. of governors ; refraining from en- 
 riching oneself) : Cic. 3. (of Per- 
 sons) : expr. by means of utilitas : im- 
 memor (negligens) utilltatis suae, cf., 
 Cic. Fin. 5. 22, Jin. ; qui utilitatem nul- 
 1am quaerit (expetil) ; qui etiam contra 
 utilitatem (suam) aliquid facit, cf. Cic. 
 Fin. 5, 22, 6{ ; qui nihil de suis utilita- 
 tibus (commodis) cogitat; qui nihil uti- 
 litatis (cummodi) ex aliqua re quaerit, 
 cf. Cic. Fin. 1, 10. See also impartial. 
 disinterestedly : 1. gratuito 
 
 (without hire ; e. g., defendere causas) : 
 Cic. 2. expr. by means of utilitas, 
 emolumentuni, etc.: to undertake anii- 
 tliing d,, sine emolumento ac praemio 
 aliquid suscipere, Ci'-. : to act d., *ita 
 agere ut nihil privatae utilltatis quaera- 
 tur, expetatur : / have acted d., •nul- 
 lum mihi expetivi commodum. 
 
 disinterestedness : 1. ea affec- 
 
 tio animi qua utilitas nulla quaeritur, 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 6;. 2. abstinentia (of 
 governors ; opp. to peculation) : Cic. 
 3. inieeritas (of judges) : v. up- 
 rightness Phr.: to bfliece in the d. 
 of another, *alterum gratuita benevo- 
 lentia impulsuni (incitaium) aliquid fac- 
 ere credere : V. DISINTERESTED 
 disjoin : di^ungo, sejungo, nxi, nct- 
 
 mn, J : V. to SEPARATE. 
 
 disjoint : 1. expr. by artlcfiia- 
 tim : art. dividere, poet, in Cic. ; art. 
 comminuere, concidere, PI. 2. artua 
 con>eco, concido, divello (to tear in 
 pieces): v. TO CUT (IN pieces). 3. 
 (in carving) : seco, scindo : v. to 
 
 CARVE. 
 
 disjointed (part, adj.) : I. L i t. : 
 having the members separated : con- 
 sectns, divulsus ; articulatim concisus 
 V. prered. art.: but the word is more 
 freq. in fig. sense. ||. Fig.: dis- 
 connected : to make d. observations, in- 
 ordinata et indlstincta dicere, yuint.: 
 •baud apte connexa, parum cohaerentia, 
 
 loqui : V. DISCONNECTED. 
 
 disjointedly : perh. carptim: but 
 V. preced. art. (II.) 
 
 disjunctive : (in gram, and logic) : 
 disjimctivus, Charis. : Diom. Phr.: a 
 d. proposition, disjunctio, Cic. 
 
 disjunctively : 1. disjuncte, Fest. 
 
 2. *diyunctive (as gram. t. t.). 
 disk : V. DISC. 
 dislike (subs.) : odium : V. hatred, 
 
 AVERSION. 
 
 dislike ("■)•• I. in gen. sense, to 
 disapproce, have no liking for: \, 
 odi, osus (perosus), defect. : v. to hate. 
 
 2. abhorreo, ui, 2 (with a or ab 
 and abl.) : to d. leaving Unvn, abh. ab 
 urbe relinquenda, Cic. : abhorreo is also 
 found with ace.: v. to abhor. 3. 
 gravor, i (late in this sense) : he d.d 
 extensive and elaborate palaces, ampia 
 et operosa palatia gravabatur, Sen.: v. 
 to OBJECT TO. 4. nolo, ui, J, iir. (in 
 certain connexions) : do you see anything 
 here which you d., num qnidnam quod 
 nolis hie vides .' Ter. ||. Of the pa- 
 late ; to disrelish : 1, uonsapit, uit, J 
 (with dat. of subject) : v. DiST.\ijTEFUL. 
 
 2. fastidio, 4 (when the dislike 
 springs from delicacy or surfeit) : Hor. 
 
 3. asperuor, i : tod. and refuse (of 
 the sense of taste), asp. et respuere, Cic. 
 Phr.: to get to be d.d (of wine), in tae- 
 dium venire, Plin. 
 
 dislocate ; !• extorqueo, torsi, 
 
 tortum, 2 : to break a leg or d. a joint, 
 frangere crus aut ex. articulum. Sen. 
 2. intorqueo, 2 : v. TO sprain. 3. 
 ejicio, jeci, jectiim, j : to d. the shoulder, 
 annum e., Veg. (N.B. Luxo appears 
 not to occur in this sense: v. foil, art.) 
 Phr.: to be d.d, loco suo moveri, 
 Cels. 
 
 dislocated : 1. luxatus : to set 
 d. joints, luxata in locum repunere. 
 Sen. : to heal them, I. quod sit sanum 
 lacere, Cato. 2. luxus: d. limbs, I. 
 membra, Fest. Phr.: d. joints, artua 
 loco nioti. Quint. ; artus iu pravum 
 elapsi, Tac. 
 
 dislocation : 1. luxatiira. Marc. 
 Enip. 2. luxus, lis, 7». : Cato. 3. 
 luxiitum (esp. in pi.), quod luxatum sit 
 (v. preced. art.) : d.s are most easily re- 
 duced, luxata corpora facillime in artus 
 redeunt, Plin. Phr.: to reduce d.s, ossa 
 sedibus suis mota reponere, ossa in suam 
 sedem compellere, Cels. 
 
 dislodge : i. e. to remove by force : 
 1. moveo, movi, niotuni, 2 (both in 
 military and non-military sense) : to d. 
 the enemy from his positions, hostes 
 statu m., Cic. : Liv. : v. TO EJECT. 2, 
 submoveo, 2 (like moveo) : the enemy 
 are d.d from the walls and towers, hos'es 
 ex niuroet turribussubmoventur, Caee.: 
 to d. ttte enemy by missiles, hostes telis 
 s., Liv. 3. dejicio, jeci. jectum (esp 
 from higher ground : a very common 
 military phr.): to d. the enemy f mm the 
 n all and towers, hostes muro et turri- 
 bus d., Caes. : to d. a garrison from a 
 fortified place, praesidium loco munito 
 d., Hor.: Liv. 4. detriido, si, sura, 
 i (by thrusting) : Liv. 5. deturbo, 
 I (to drive away in confusion or 
 aUirm) : to d. from the rampart with a 
 volley of stones, de vallo lapidibus d.. 
 Caes. 6. pello, depello, j : v. to 
 
 DRIVE AWAY. 
 
 disloyal: nearest word infidglis, e: 
 
 V. UNFAITHFUL, TREACHEROUS. Phr.: 
 
 a d. subject, prodi tor civis (v. traitor): 
 to act in a d. manner, 'regis potest*
 
 DISLOYALLY 
 
 DISOBLTOE 
 
 DISORGA>'IZED 
 
 tern, imperium. abnuere . to entertain 
 d. sentiments, *alifno (alieiialo, averse) 
 animo esse in regem v. disaffectkd. 
 
 disloyally: pernde: v. treachfb- 
 OUSLY. (Or by circuml., mala perfida- 
 qne in regem viiluntale inciuitus; con- 
 tra fidem in regem debitam : v. preced. 
 art.) 
 
 disloyalty : inndcliUis (nearest 
 word): V. uNFAiTHKULNKSs. (Or more 
 precisely, *prava ^. inimica in regem 
 voluntas; animus alienatus a rege: v. 
 
 DISAFFECTION.) 
 
 dismal : 1. ater, tra, trum (dark 
 and o'l'ensive) : esp. poet.: v. gldomy. 
 
 2. leralis, e (strictly, apperlaitiing 
 to the dead: chiefly poel.J: the d. 
 cypress, f. cupressus, Ov. : a. simg (of 
 the owl), f. carmen, Virg. : d. ornament 
 (cypress-trees), f.d<'cus,.Sil. 3. teter 
 (taet.), tra, trum (strictly of what is 
 grossly ofettsirr) : d. reijinns (of I'ar- 
 tarus), loca t. [inculta, loeda, formido- 
 losa]. Sail. 4. horrendus (strictly, 
 fit to be shuddered at): Virg.: v. hob- 
 BID. 6. moestus (sad, of inournful 
 aspect) : d. altars (of infernal god.-), m. 
 arae,Virg. : v. s^jkrowful, mournful. 
 
 6. dirus: V. dueadfcl. 
 
 dismally : moeste, trIstS : V. SOR- 
 KOWFDIXY. Phr. ; /o Ao"? d., 'feralem 
 nlulatum edere: toeiJtod., *rerali sonllu 
 (murmure) resonare : v. dismal. 
 
 dismalness (rare): moestitia, tris- 
 tltia. feralis aspectus: v. gloom. 
 
 dismantle : 1. ""do, i (to strip, 
 lay bare in any way) : to d. fields (by 
 ravages), agros n., Liv.: d.d nails (of a 
 private house), nudati parietes, Cic. 2. 
 exarmo, i (of s'ii;)sonly) : Sen. I'hr. : 
 to d.a town, *moeiiia atque aedificia op- 
 pidi disjicere : to d. a fortijicatinn. *op- 
 pidum (locum munitum) munitionibus, 
 operibus, privare, nudare. 
 
 dismask : \' to unmask. 
 
 dismast: malum (denave)deripere; 
 malo (nuvem) nudare, privare (perh. 
 exarmare : v. to uismantlf,) : v. to 
 
 DEPRIVE. 
 
 dismasted : "la'o (malis) nudatus 
 or nudus : cf Hor., nudum reniigio la- 
 tus. (Or perh., exarmatus : v. to dis- 
 
 MANTLF..) 
 
 dismay (subs.) : pavor, consternatio : 
 
 V. CONSTEHNATION. 
 
 dismay (i') ■■ 1. terreo, pavefacio : 
 V. TO FRIGHTEN. 2. percello, ciili, 
 
 culsum, } (to give a shock of /tight or 
 horror) : did not this crii d. you ,•' haec 
 te vox non percullt? [non perturbavit?J. 
 Cic. : esp. in per/, part, perculsus : 
 sometimes with timore, Cic. 3, per- 
 turbo, I : Cic. (v. supr.). 
 
 dismayed (part, adj.) .• (timore) 
 perculsus, pavefactus, pavidus: v 
 
 AFRAID, FBIGHTEKED. 
 
 dismember: 1. discerpo, psi, 
 ptum, J : Cic. : Liv. : v. to tear (in 
 pieces). 2. trunco, i (by cutting off 
 a limb or limbs) : v. TO mutilate. 
 
 3, membratim divide, visi, visum, 
 J : Plin. : v. to di.sjoint. 
 
 dismembered (part, adj.): trun- 
 
 ctis: V. mutilated. 
 
 dismemberment: perh. truncatio: 
 L e. mutilatum (q. v.). I'hr.: a/ter 
 the d. of Poland, *post divisum disper- 
 tituraque regnuni I'oloiiicum the d. of 
 Poland vxis a crime, *non sine mapiio 
 Bcelere dispertituin est [inter alios reges j 
 regnum Polonicura. 
 
 dismiss: I. To let go: 1. di- 
 mitto, misi, missum, j (esp. of a tium- 
 ber of persons ; in different directions:): 
 to d. (persoit.':) from a council, ex coii- 
 cilio d., Caes. : to da council, concilium 
 d., Cic. ; to d. the senate, senatum d., 
 Cic, : V. TO (let) GO. 2. missum 
 ficlo, i: tod. soldiers, milites misses f., 
 HirL: Suet. (v. discharge): to. d. 
 anger, iram missam facere, Ter. 3. 
 Emundo, I {t<i send away on some busi- 
 ness, send O'd of the nay): Cic: v. to 
 
 SEND AWAY, out OF THE WAY. 4. 
 
 ablego, I (to send away, esp. in order to 
 get rid of): to d. honest men from the 
 council-t>oard, honestos homines ab., a 
 COniulioque dimittere, Cic. : he d.'d the 
 
 lads to hunt, pneros venatnm ablegavlt. 
 Liv. 5. mitto, misi, missum. ; (esp. 
 from the mind) : to d. care from the 
 breast, curam de pectore ni., Virg. : to d. 
 ami terminate hatred, odium m. atque 
 finire, Liv. ||. To divest if an oil ce : 
 1, mOveo, movi, motum, }(with loco 
 or some such word) : he d.'d the chancel- 
 lor, *cancellarium loco (ministerio) suo 
 movlt (cf. Liv. JO, 42 : senatorio loco 
 movere) : Cic. 2. subnioveo, 2 : to d. 
 frojn the mi/uXry, administratiune rol- 
 publicae 8., Suet. 3. ani6veo, 2 : to 
 d. from the superintendence of the corn- 
 market, am. a procuratione frumeniaria, 
 Cic. : Suet. 4. niis-sum facie, s (of 
 soldiers, gladiators) : v. .lupr. (2). See 
 also TO DEPOSE. Ill, Of a judge; to 
 d. a case, i. e. refuse to entertain it : 
 
 1, solvo, vi, utuni, } : thus Hor. 
 ha.s solveiitur risu tabulae, tu missus 
 abibis, S. 2, I, Jin.: "the case will be 
 d.'d trith lauijhtfT ; you uill get off scot- 
 free" : cf. yumt. 5, 10, 67, "cum risu 
 
 tota res solvitur." 2. e.xcludo, si, 
 
 sum, } (to debar [a suitor] from furthet 
 procedure mi any ground) : cf. Cic. Or. 
 I, }"], 168. Sometimes the sense may 
 be conveyed by causa cadere : v. non- 
 suited (to be). 
 
 dismissal \ 1. demissio, Cic. 
 
 dismission ) 2. niissio (esp. of 
 
 soldiers): v. DISCHARGE. (Or expr, by 
 verb : after the d. of the meeting, con- 
 cilio demlsso, v. preced. art.) 
 
 dismount: |, Trans. : (a), as 
 an antagonist : equo or ex equodejicio, 
 praecipito : v. to ttnhorse. (6). as a 
 horse his rider : exculio, effundo; v. to 
 THROW. Phr.: to d. guns, *tormeiita 
 de curribus suis dejicere. ||. 1 n- 
 
 trans. : 1, descendo, di, sum, j: 
 with e.x equo (or ex equio of more than 
 one), Caes. 2. desilio, silui or sTlii, 
 sultum, 4 (quickly : to spring to Die 
 ground) : more fully, d. ad pedes, Caes. : 
 Virg. 3. defluo, xi, xum, j (of a 
 large number : poet.) . the whole troop 
 to the ground d.'d, tota cohors relic tis ad 
 terram defluxit equls, Virg. 4, de- 
 gredior, gressus, J : more fully, ad pedes 
 d., Liv. I'h r. : to make the caralry d., 
 equitatum (equitem) ad pedes deducere, 
 Liv. .See also to alight, descend. 
 
 dismounted (part, adj.): effusus: 
 Virg. ; ef. equo, Liv. : v. to dis- 
 mount (I.). 
 
 disobedience : no exact word in 
 class. Lat. (TnQbedientia, Aug.: Hier.) : 
 expr. by paree, 6b€dio, with negative 
 adv. : to punish d., *male (non) parentes, 
 obedientes poena afficere (V L. G.'J6!7, 
 obs. 2) : d. to jiarents is a sin. *qui 
 parentis voluntati nun paret (.'btem- 
 perat) peccat : v. to obey. 1' h r. : to 
 be guilty of d. to the autliority of magis- 
 trates, 'auctoritatem (imperium) magis- 
 tratuum detrectare : v. to disobey. 
 
 disobedient : male (non) parens, 
 parum (die to) obediens, audiens : v. 
 obedient. 
 
 disobediently : contra allcujus prae- 
 ceptum or Ju^sum ; neglecte (spreto) 
 imperio Qducis], of soldiers : v. to rxs- 
 obey. 
 
 disobey: 1. non (male, parum, 
 minus) paree, 2; 6bedio, 4; obtempjio, 
 I (all with dat.) : and they d. reason, 
 nee rationi parent, Cic. : to d. father and 
 mother, *nec patri nee matri obteiii- 
 perare: Uiis law has been d.'d. *hiiic 
 legi non est obtemperatum : v. to obkv. 
 
 2. rfpugno, I (with tlat. : actively 
 to resist) : opp. to obsfiquor, Plin. : v. 
 to resist. 3. adverser (with dat.) : 
 V. to oi'i-osE. 4. detrecto, i (to re- 
 fuse to obey) : to d. orders, jussa A., 
 
 Tac. : deliberately to d.. consulto d., I.iv. 
 5. neglfgo, lexi, lectum, j (not to 
 heed) : to d. lans, leges n., Cic. : v. to 
 disregard. 6. e.\pr. by contra : to 
 d. a law, c. legem fa'^ere, Cic. : v. con- 
 trary TO. 
 
 disoblige : 1. incomm5do, I (with 
 dat.) : nuire to d. me tliaii humour my 
 son, magis ut mihi incoromodet quam 
 gnato obsequatur, Ter. : Cic. 2. 
 
 oflendo, J (with ace): v. to offend. 
 
 Phr.: to d. a person in every way. 
 omnia adversus aliquem facere (omnia 
 allcui adversari), H. and A. 
 
 disobliging (adj.): l. inoffici 
 osus (inattentive to the duties of cour- 
 tesy) : d. towards any one. in. in ali- 
 quem, Cic. 2. incommOdub (stronger 
 than ttie Kug.) : v. disagreeable. 3. 
 Inhiimanus: v. ckcivil. 4. diffi- 
 dlis, e : v. iLL-TKMPEKhD. j. iHJ- 
 b^ralis, e, Cic. : v. mean. 
 
 disobligingly : Inhumanlter, ilI6- 
 pide : v, i;N(:i\ illy. 
 
 disobligingness : InbOmanltas : V. 
 
 IN( IVILITV. 
 
 disorder (subs.) : |. Derangement : 
 
 1. turba : Join: lurba et con- 
 fusio (rerum), Cic. : v. co>iFU»KiN. 2. 
 turbatie, perturbatio: v. distprbance. 
 
 3. (in troops) : licentla, lac. : v. 
 L'Cense. Phr.: to bring order out oj 
 d., ex inordinate aliquid in ordlnem ad- 
 duo-re, Cic. : to throw into d., niiscCre 
 permiscere, turbare (v. to cosFrsE, dis- 
 turb) : in d., effuse (esp. of Jlight 01 
 disorder of troops), Liv. : Sail. : Uu 
 nhole camp is in d., totis trepidatm 
 caslris, Caes. ||. A bodily or mentai 
 ailment: morbus, aegrotatio: v. dis- 
 ease, complaint. 
 
 disorder ('■•) • 1. turbo, i : tod. 
 
 ranks, ordines t., Liv.: icydj the mind, 
 hedera mentem t, Plin.: new grapes d. 
 the stomach, uvae receiites alvum t., 
 Plin. 2. perturbo, i (stronger than 
 turbo): Sail.: Cic. 3. coniurbo, i 
 (= porturbo) : Sail. : Cic. 4. misceo, 
 pennisceo, 2 : v. to confuse. 
 disordered (p<irt. adj.): |. in 
 
 confusion : 1. inoidinatus ; Cic. : Liv. : 
 V. DLsoRDERLY. 2. turbattis : d. hair, 
 t. capilli, Ov.: d. ranks, t. ordines, Liv. 
 II, Affected; of the mind or body: 
 aegrotus, morWdus : v. diseased. }' h r. : 
 to become d. in mind, mentis errere 
 affici, mente deseri, Cic. 
 
 disorderly: I. in disorder: 1. 
 inordinatus : d. soldiers, in. milites, 
 Liv.: Cic. 2. lurbiitus: v. di.-^jb- 
 
 DERED (2). 3. lurbiilenttis, the d, 
 
 concourse of atoms, atoniorum t. con- 
 cursus, Cic. : more strictly in sense (H.) : 
 q. V. 4. effusus (of troops) .- a d. 
 
 flight, fugaef., Liv. 5. turbldus ( more 
 freq. in sense 11.): d. affairs, res t. : 
 Cic. : in d. (troublous) times, t. casibus, 
 Tac. 6, tfimuliiiarius- a d. figlit, 
 
 pugna tumultuaria, Liv. Phr : in a 
 d. manner, (1.) efTQse (esp. of con/i(,<u>n 
 iti troops) : to manh in an irregular 
 and d. ma7iner, temere et ef. ire. Sail. : 
 in a more d. manner, eff'usius, Liv. 
 (2.) temCre (n ithout thought or arrange- 
 mail): V supr. (1). (3.) inordlnatim : 
 Aram, (of troops). (4.) confiise : v. cos- 
 FUSKPLY. (5.) nullo ordine: Caes.: to 
 grow d., niiscerl. pennlsceri, v. to con- 
 fuse. II. I.anless; 1, turbidus: d. 
 (mutinous) soldu-rs, t. milites, Tac : all 
 the most d. (in some sense), turbidissl- 
 mus quisquc, Tac. d. manners, t. mores, 
 I'l. 2. turbulentus : Cic. Join: 
 seditiosus (civis) et turbulentus, Cic. : 
 
 V. TIRBULENT. 
 
 disorderly (adv.): see preced. art 
 
 (l.,fn.). 
 
 disorganization : dissciutio : v. 
 Dis.'OnmoN. I'l>r. : in a state of d, 
 solutus; e. g. solutum imperium. Sail. 
 Jug. ?9,./in. See also DFJioRALiZATiON. 
 
 disorganize : 1. Jissoivo, vi, 
 
 utum, J (to resolre into primary ele- 
 ments) : to d. what has been combined, 
 d. apta, Cic. : to d. disc pline, discl- 
 plinara d. : !Iirt. : v. to hemobausk. 
 Join: d scutere ac dissolvere. Lucr. 
 
 2, solvo, } : pestilence d.s bodies, 
 s. (= putrefacit)cor|Kira tabes. Lucr. : dji 
 authority, solutum imperium. Sail. 3. 
 
 diSSipO, I V. TO SCATTER, DISPERSE. 
 
 4. dilabor, lapsus, ? (to become 
 d.d): offer the loss of the generol. the 
 army soon bdomea d.d, amlss«i diioe 
 exercitus brevi d.. Sail.: v. to wasti 
 AWAY. Phr.: in the army all the ser- 
 vices are cLd, in exercitu cuiicta ces.-ant 
 officia. Col. (in yuich.). 
 
 disorganized (part, idj.) . |. In 
 
 219
 
 DISOWN 
 
 DISPERSE 
 
 D I SPLAY 
 
 gen. sense ; Bdlutus, dissolutus : v. to 
 DISORGANIZE. ||, Of animal matter : 
 decomposed: puter, putrgfactus, lique- 
 factus (rare) : v. rotten. 
 
 disown : difnteor, infltior : v. to 
 DISAVOW, DENY. H 1) r. : / imagine it 
 (tfie speech) may be d.'d, puto posse pro- 
 bari non esse meam. CU-. : In d. a father, 
 S(m, patrem.filium abdicare, Curt. : Liv.; 
 if on oath, ejurare (e. g liberos). Sen. 
 
 disparage : 1. detraho, xi, ctum, 
 i (usu. wltb de) : to d. (any one's) 
 achieKments, de rebus gcstis aliquid d., 
 Nep. . C!c. : such an ace. as gloriam, 
 dignitatem, laudcm, may be added, with 
 dat. of person : v, to detract from. 
 2. detrecto, i (wiih ace. of person: 
 not Cic.) . to d. the ancient orators, an- 
 tiquos oratores d., Auct. dial. or. : to d. 
 the genius of Homer, ingenium Homeri 
 d., Ov. : Liv. 3. obtrecto, i (Vith 
 dat. of person) : Cic. ; also ob. laudibus 
 alicujus, Liv.: v. to decrt. (Obtrecto 
 denotes nuyre direct hostility than the 
 preced.) 4, delero, trivl, tritum, } : 
 to d. great Caesar's fame, laudes egregii 
 Caesaris d., Ov. 5. obtero.trivi, tritum, 
 J (stronger than the preced.: detero is 
 to impair only, obtero to decry, run 
 dotvn): to d. soldiers, as fetched from 
 slaves' dungeons, ex ergastulis militein 
 ob., Liv. 6. elevo, i : v. tu depre- 
 ciate. 
 
 disparagement: I. tu act of 
 
 dispara/jiiig : 1, obtrectatio, Ijiv. 
 
 (detrectatio appears ni)t to be found in 
 this sense). 2. expr. by verb • to 
 gain glory by d. of others, alios detrec- 
 tando (aliis laudem detrahendo) si hi 
 gloriam parere : v. to disparage. ||. 
 Detriment, loss : 1, imminiitio : inth- 
 out d. of your dignity, sine im. digni- 
 tatis tuae, Cic. 2. vitium : tn look 
 on a thing as a d. to any one, alicui 
 vitio vertere quod . . . , Hor. : Cic. (Im- 
 minutio implying only decrease if repu- 
 tation : vitium an actual flaw.) 3. 
 detrimentum: v. damage, detriment. 
 
 disparager : i. detrecator, Liv. 
 2. obtreciator, Cic. (Or, esp. in 
 pi., imp. part, of obtrecto, detrecto : see 
 L. G. i) 6n.) 
 
 disparaging (adj.) : usu. with some 
 such word as remarks, comparison : 
 expr. by means of obtrecto, detrecto, 
 etc. : d. talk, obtrectantiura, detrectan- 
 tium sermones (L. G. ^ 657, Obs. 2) : to 
 make a d. speech, alicui oratione habita 
 obtrectare : v to disparage. In Tac. A. 
 I, 10, fn., deterrima comparatio is o 
 very unfavourable or disparaging (to 
 Tiberius) comparison : Tac. might per- 
 haps have used sinistra : cf. Agr. ;, 
 "sinistra interpretatio : " v. unfavour- 
 able. 
 
 disparagingly: usu. in phr., to 
 speak d., detraho, etc. : v. to dis- 
 parage. 
 
 disparity: 1. *xpr. by dispar. 
 paris (L. G. } 611, 2) : d. of cliaracter, 
 d. of pursuits, d. rnl)re^, d. siudia, Cic. : 
 d. of fortune, d. fortuna, Cic. : there nas 
 too great a d. in cu^e, *nimio dispares 
 erant aetate. Similarly with impar, de- 
 noting inferiority on the one side : with 
 a d. of numbers, impar numero, Tac: 
 Cic. : V. UNEQUAL, INFERIOR, 2. inae- 
 qualitas : v. inequality. 3. discrg- 
 
 pantia: v. difference. 
 
 dispark : paradisum abolere (?). 
 
 dis 'passionate l 1. (j™'" impetu 
 
 dispassioned ) animi (odio, amore, 
 ira, etc.) vacuus, cf. Sail. Cat. ,i, init. 
 2, sedatus, tranquillus, placatus: 
 V. CALM. I' h r, : one ought to lie per- 
 fectly d., neque studere neque odisse, sed 
 miiiime irasci decet, SalL 
 
 dispassionately : 1. considerate : 
 
 cf. Cic. Off. 1, J8, Ij6. 2. sine ira et 
 studio, Tac. A. I, i. 3. sedate : v. 
 CALMLY, IMPARTIALLY. (Lente is gene- 
 rally used in bad sense : v. coolly.) 
 
 diswatch: v. m-spatch. 
 
 dispel : 1. dispello, piili, pulsum, 
 }: to d. the shfido"S, d. umbras, Virg. 
 to d. tlie gloom from the mind, ab animo 
 A caliglnero, Cic. 2. depello, pQli, 
 pulsum, J : reason itself d.s all anxieties, 
 220 
 
 ratio ipsa d. omnes molestias, Cic. : he 
 d.'d the fears of the good, bonis metum 
 depulit, Cic. : to d. cares trith xeine, curas 
 vino d., Tib. : to d. error, errorem d., 
 Tac. 3. pello, pepiili, pulsum, j 
 
 (poet.) : to d. the shades of night, um- 
 bras noctis p.. Cat. : to d. cares with 
 urine, curas vino p., Hor. : Ov. : v. to 
 DRIVE AWAY. 4. dlscQtio, cussi, 
 
 cussum, J : the sun d.s the shadous, sol 
 d. umbras, Virg. : to d. danger by counsel, 
 periculum consilio d., Cic. : to d. sleep, 
 somnum d., Prop. : to d. fear, metum 
 d., Plin. 5. dissipo, i (poet.): Einus 
 d. cares, d. curas Evius, Hor. 6. solvo, 
 vi, ntum, J (chiefly poet.) : to d. fear, 
 metum corde s., Virg. : to d. iceariness, 
 lassitudinem s., Plin. 7. exciitio, ; : 
 V. to shake off. 8. abigo, j : v. to 
 DRHE AWAY. See also to take aw'ay ; 
 to banish (fig.). 
 
 dispend : erogo, i : v. to expent>. 
 
 dispensary : mgdlcamentaria (sc. 
 tabenia) : after the analogy of argenta- 
 ria, coquinaria : v. dispenser. 
 
 dispensation: I. The act, dis- 
 iributing : distribiitio : v. distribution. 
 ||. Immunity: immiinitas, vacatio : 
 V. exemption, immunity. III, Divine 
 ordering of things: 1. oec5nomia 
 (oiKovofiCa), Schleusn. 2. lex, legis. 
 
 /. (of the Jeicish d.) : Calv. More fully, 
 lex institutaque Judaica (Mosaica). 
 Phr.: such ivas thf d. of heaven, sic 
 placitum (sc, deo, diis), Virg. : Ov. : 
 by somf. accident, or by divine d., casu 
 quodam an divinitus, Suet. : v. pro- 
 vidence. 
 
 dispensatory (adj.) .- in phr., d. 
 pouer, *;irbitrium immunitatum conce- 
 dendarum. 
 
 dispense: I, To distribute : (Ms- 
 pertio, dispense, divido : v. to distri- 
 bute. Phr.: to d. medicines, *medica- 
 menta componere ac dispensare : to d 
 justice, jus dicere, Cic. : v. to administer. 
 II, To dispense urith ; i. e. to do 
 vntlwut : L rgmitto, misi, niissum, j 
 (to grant remission or release) : to d. 
 with a tribute, tributum remittere, 
 Just. : Cic. : v. to waive. 2. solvo, 
 vi, iStum, J (to release) : to d. tvith the 
 laic in .^cipio's case, &. legibus Scipionem, 
 Auct. ad Her. 3. careo, ui, 2 (to be 
 without some advantage: "egere eo 
 quoJ habere velis," Cic.) : to d. with the 
 hip (resources) o//ntH(fo, amicorum c 
 facultatibus, Nep. : not readily tod. irith 
 sensual pleasure, baud facile c. libidi- 
 nibus. Sail, (but careo more freq. im- 
 plies involuntary privation). See also 
 TO exempt. 
 
 dispenser: 1. distributor (rare) : 
 Join: distributor dispensatorque bo- 
 norum, sc. deus, Apul. 2. largitor: 
 V. be.'^ower. (In speaking of the 
 Deity, auctor or parens maj' be precise 
 enough ; d. of all good, aucior bonarum 
 rerum : v. author.) 
 
 dispeople : v. to depopulate. 
 
 disperse: I. Trans.: l. spargo, 
 si, sum, J (to spread abioad) : they had 
 d.d themselves in flight in all directions, 
 se passim in fugam sparserant, Liv. : to 
 d. an army throughout the provinces, 
 exercitum per provincias sp., Tac. 2. 
 dispergo, si, sum, j (like spargo) : the 
 winds d. the clouds, nubes d. venti, 
 Lucr. : to (I half (a prayer) to the fleet 
 urinds, partem volucres d. in aiiras, 
 Virg. : V. t<j scattek. 3, dissipo, i 
 (to break up and destroy) : to d. the 
 ranks of combatants, ordines pugnan- 
 tium d., Liv. : Caes. 4. discutio, 
 
 cussi, cussum, j (to clear auay, dispel) .- 
 at sunrise the mist rras d.d, sole orto 
 discussa est caligo, Liv. : to d. night- 
 meetings, iioctumos coetus d.: Liv.: to 
 d. ignorance, ignorantiam d., Lact. 5, 
 disturbo, i (tumuUuously to break up) : 
 to d. an assembly with the suord, con- 
 tionem gladiis d., Cic. 6. disjicio, 
 Jeci, Jectum, j (by force) : to rout and d. 
 the forces of the barbarians, copias bar- 
 barorum d., Nep. Phr.: at daylight 
 darkness is d.d, luce tenebrae dissolvun- 
 tur, Varr. : to d. a crowd (of lictors), 
 turbam summovere, Liv. ||, 1 n< 
 
 trans.: 1. diffugio, fugl, j (to Jltf 
 in diff. direvtions) : they d.d to their 
 everal homes, [in silvas dilapsij inde 
 domus diSugerunt, Liv. : Hirt. Fig.: 
 the snows hove d.d, diffugere nives, Hor. 
 
 2. dilabor, lapsus, j (imperceptibljf 
 or gradually): Liv. (v. supr.). 3. 
 diffluo, xi, xum, j (of fluids, or Sg., of 
 multitudes) : moisture d.s, d. humor, 
 Lucr. 4. discurro, cnrri, j (fiastily): 
 they began to d. in all directions, in 
 omnes partes d. coeperunt, CurU 
 
 dispersedly: 1. passim: to en- 
 camp d., p. considere, Caes. : opp. to 
 ordinatim, Cic. 2. disperse : Cic 
 
 3. dispersim: Varr.: Suet. 4. 
 sparsim : Apul. 5. eff'iise : v. dis- 
 orderly (l.,fin.). 
 
 dispersion: 1. dissipatio (by 
 somefui-ce): Cic. 2. diS&g\um (flight 
 in diff. directions) : Tac. 3. more 
 
 Ireq. expr. by verb : after the enemy 
 had d.d, quum diffngissent, dilapsi 
 essent, etc. : v. to disperse. 
 
 dispirit : exanimo, animum (of 
 several persons, animos) frango, in- 
 fringo : v. to discourage, dishearten. 
 
 dispirited : 1, demlssus (de- 
 
 jected) : Join: moerens, demissus, 
 afflictusque, Cic. 2. fractus : d. and 
 discouraged, fr. et debilitatus metu, 
 Cic. 3. debilitatus : v. supr. (2), and 
 
 to mSCOUBAGE. 
 
 displace : summOveo (submfiveo), 
 loco suo moveo : v. to remove. 
 
 displacement: amotio, rgmotlo: V. 
 REMOVAL. Phr.: indications of d. of 
 soil, *indicia terrae de suo loco sum- 
 motae : there is a d. of the strata, *8trata 
 quae diiuntur terrae de suo ordine mota 
 sunt, disjecta sunt. 
 
 displant : eradico, I : V. TO ROOT 
 UP. See also transplant. 
 
 display: 1. osiento, i (to VMki 
 a show of); Join: prae se ferre e( 
 ostentare, Cic 2. prae (me, te, etc.), 
 fSro, tuli, etc. (like ostenio) : to d. and 
 avow one's guilt, scelus prae se ferre et 
 conflteri, Cic. (v. supr.). Simly, prae 
 se gerere, Auct. B. Afr. ; prae se de- 
 clarare. Cat. 3. in promptu pono, 
 
 p6sui, etc : Cic. (of the parts of the 
 body which nature displays). Simly, 
 in promptu habere, Sail. ; gerere, PI. 
 
 4. expromo, prompsi, promptum, j 
 (to bring forth to light) : you d.'d your 
 cruelty, crudelitatem luam exprompsisti, 
 Cic 5. praebeo, 2 (to show, evince 
 by outivard signs) : to d. joy, fear, gau- 
 dium, metum pr., Liv. : v. to show. 
 
 6, praefero (like prae me fero, 
 V. supr.), i: to d. one's feelings openly, 
 pr. sensus aperte, Cic. 7. ostendo, di, 
 sum and turn, j: v. to show. Phr.: 
 to d. a little too openly, ferre paulo 
 apertius, Cic. ; to d. valour, virtutem 
 probare, Caes. : to d, signs of terror, 
 timoris signa mittere, Caes. : Virg. : 
 unth plate d.'d and pictures arrangeA 
 for show, proposito argento, tabulisque 
 propalam collocatis, Cic. : to d. a flag, 
 vexlUum proponere, Caes. : Ov. 
 
 itself : 1. eniteo, til, 2 ; 
 
 enltesco, j (the latter If the process ig 
 gradual) : in this tear the eminent merit 
 of Cato d.'d itself, quo in bello virtus 
 enituit egregia Catonis, Liv. : (a field) 
 where merit may d. itself, quo virtus 
 enitescere possit. Cat. 2. eluceo, 
 
 luxi, 2 (like the former, of ^ood qualities 
 only): if any hint of merit should d. 
 itself, siqua significatio virtutis einceat, 
 Cic. 3, appareo, 2 : no trace of elo- 
 quence d.s itself in him, nullum in eo 
 eloquentiae vcsiigiura apparet, Cic : v. 
 to .\ppear. 4. aperio, perni, pertum, 
 4 (in jMss^ or with pron. reji.): to d. 
 one's leal cliaracter pirforce, coactum 
 aperire se, Ter. : v. to reveal. Phr.: 
 a field uhere merit might d. itself, 
 campus in quo virtus excurrere possi^ 
 Cic. 
 
 display (subs.): 1. ostentns, lis 
 (any show) : v. show. 2. ostentatio 
 
 (an ostetitatious d.) : even a suspicion of 
 d. of ability nimt be avoided, ^^Ianda 
 etiam ingenii ostentationis -suspicio. Cic. 
 3. jactatio : a d. of teaming, em-
 
 DISPLATEK 
 
 DISPOSSESS 
 
 DISPUTE 
 
 ditionis j.. Quint. : no d. of dress, nulla 
 cultus J., I'ac. . V. PABADE. P h r. : to 
 make a d. of anything, prae se ferre, in 
 promptu ponere, etc : v. to display. 
 
 displaver: ostenlator (/. ostenta- 
 trix, Macr.): I'ac. 
 
 displease : 1. offendo, di, sum, J 
 (to incur any rrne's displeasure) : he was 
 d.d that anything should b- composed 
 abotU him, compunl aliquid de se of- 
 fendebatur. Suet. : Cic : v. to offend. 
 Z. dlspHceo, 2 (with dat.: to fail 
 to please, prom dissatisfying) : lie 
 pleased me mo.'t, or shall I say d.d nw. 
 least, mlhl placebat ma.xime, vi-l dicam 
 minlme displicebat, Cic. : lam altogether 
 d.d with myself, tolus railii displiceo, 
 Ter. Phr. : to d. a person, in offensl- 
 onein incurrere apuii allquem, Cic. See 
 also foil. art. 
 
 displeased, to be : 1. dispiIceo, 
 2 (with dat. of subject) : v. preced. art. 
 
 2. acgre, mOleste, gr&viter, rCro, 
 ttili, etc. : Cic. : v. annoyed, to bk. 
 
 3. Indlgnor, i (to be very much d., 
 indipnant: q. v.): for which also, in- 
 diifiium sideri, with da<. of subject : cf. 
 Cic. Inv. 1,17, 24. 4. stOmathor, i 
 (to be ft t out of temper : with dat. of 
 
 object): V. ANNOYED. TO BE. 5. SUC- 
 
 censco, ui, 2 : V. angry, to be. 
 
 displeasing (»<(?■ ) : "lale jucundus, 
 Cdiosus : V. unpleasant .- to be d., dls- 
 plicere : v. to displease. 
 
 displeasure : 1. offensio : to in- 
 cur any one's d., in off. alicujus incur- 
 rere, Cic. : to feel d. and disgust at some 
 things, ad res aliquas off. atque fa.sti- 
 dium habere, Cic. Dimin., offensiun- 
 cula : if you have felt slight d.,s\ offen- 
 siuncula facta est animi tui, Cic. 2. 
 offensa: to incur the severest <Z., gravis- 
 siroam off. contrahere. Suet. ; subire, 
 Coel. in Cic. 3. offensiis animus, 
 
 Hirt. : [aliena et] offensa voluntas, Cic. : 
 Nep. 4. Jra : V. ANG ER. Phr.: to 
 feel d. at any one, alicui succensere : v. 
 angry (to be). 
 
 disport ("•)•■ If'do, si, sum, j; to d. 
 {themselves) upon tlie sandy beach (of 
 birds), I. in arena, Virg. ; v. to play', 
 
 FROLICK. 
 
 disposable: 1. Idoneus (suitable 
 
 for the object in hand) .- to grt together 
 
 d. legions, id. legiones com]>arare, Cic. 
 
 2. in espedito, in proiuptu : v. 
 
 available. 
 
 disposal : I. Arrangement : dis- 
 pSsitio, ordlnatio : v. disposition, ar- 
 rangement. II, I'oirer, omtynl : \^ 
 ditio (absolute d., as of a ruler or other 
 pouer) : to be at any one's d , alicujus in 
 d. et polestate esse, Cic. (who also has in 
 dilioncm with same sense). 2. arbi- 
 
 trium (In more gen. sense) : v. discre- 
 tion, PLEASURE. Phr.: (a), at any 
 one's d., pgiies (wlih ace), olten in com- 
 bination with potestas: " agri quorum 
 penes Cn. Pompeium omne judicium et 
 potestas del>et esse,'' Cic. Agr. 2, 19, 52 : 
 V. power of, in the. (b). to have or 
 place at any orw.'s d., permillo, misi, 
 etc. : he left the matter at the d. of the 
 people, rem populo permisit, Liv. : Sail.: 
 to place money at any one's d., *per- 
 mittere alicui pecuniam dispcnsandam ; 
 cf. Nep. Con. 4 (exponere [aperire] pe- 
 cuniam is to advance money by way of 
 payment). 
 
 dispose : I. To arrange : dis- 
 
 pono, ordino, diggro: v. to arrange, 
 order, station. II. To incline: J. 
 inclino, i : these things d. me to believe, 
 haec (mthi) animirai inc. ut crcdam, 
 Cic. : Liv. : V. to incline. 2. suiideo, 
 si, sum, 2 (chiefly poet, in this sense, 
 when it usu. takes an ace.) : natural 
 affection d.s me rathr. etc., me pietas 
 s. potius (with inf.). 'IVr. : thf stars d. 
 to slumber, s. (invitant. Ov.) sidera som- 
 nos, Virg.: Lucr. 3. fero, tuli, la- 
 tum, } (with subj. animus, poet.) : Ov. 
 4. inipello, puli, pulsuin, } : v. to 
 IMPEL, influf-nce, INDUCE, and foil. art. 
 Ill, To dispose of: i. e. to get rid 
 of by selling or otherwise : v. to seli, 
 (get) ]!I1) of. Phr.: to d. of in nuir- 
 riage, in matrimonium collocare, Cic. ; 
 
 in conditionem collocare. Pi. (v. to 
 .mari:y) : to d. of motiey, pecuniam pon- 
 ere. Cic. ; to d. of a controversy, litem 
 secare. Hor. (v. to settle) : to d. of a 
 business, rem conficere, Cic: to d. of 
 anything to anybody, aliquid alicui alien- 
 are, Ulp. : hoir shall Id. of this fellow. 
 quid faciam (de) hochoinine? Ter.: an 
 immense amount of debt v:as d.d of 
 (cleared off), exbausia vis ingens aeris 
 alieni est, Liv. : to d. of victuals, ob- 
 sorbCrf (?): v. to gulp down. 
 
 disposed (part, adj.) : 1. incll- 
 natus (with ad): somewhat d. to favour 
 the Carthaginians, inclinatiorad Poenos, 
 Liv. : a mind d. to entertain suspicion, 
 mens ad suspicionem inc., Tac. 2. 
 propensug (with ad, in and ace. : rarely 
 dat. : denoting a natural leaning to- 
 wards anything) : somewhat too d. to 
 pleasurable indulgence, paulo ad volup- 
 tates propensior, Cic. : often = u-ell-<lis- 
 posed towards: q. v. 3. pronus (of 
 faulty disposition : game constr. as pro- 
 pensu.s) : too much d. to com/ilaisance, 
 in olLsequium plus aequo pr., Hor.: Cic. 
 4. proclivis, e (also uau. uf a faulty 
 disjHisititm : with ad and ace. : less 
 frcq. with dal.) : d. to wantonness, pr. 
 ad lubidlnem, Ter. : In good sense : d. 
 to courtesy, ad coniitatem pr., Cic For 
 \velldisposed, ILL-DISPOSED, See those 
 artt. Phr.: / am d. to think, credide- 
 rim: see L. G. 6 450. 
 
 disposer : chiefly used as epith. of 
 deity : rector, g&bemalor, moderator 
 (dispositor. Sen.): v. ruler. 
 
 disposition : I. An-angement .- 
 
 dispositio, descriptio, etc. : v. arrange- 
 ment. Esp. of troops: expr. by verb: 
 having mcule this d. of his forces, acie 
 ita instructa: skilled in the d. of his 
 troops, peritus aciei instruendae : v. to 
 arrange. II. Xatural bent of mind: 
 1. naiura: such is your (amiable) 
 d., quae tua est n. (the kind of d. being 
 implied in the context), Cic. : to liarmo- 
 7iise in character and d., moribus et n. 
 congruere, Cic. : contrary to one's na- 
 tural d., contra n. suam, Liv. 2. i"- 
 doles. is, f. (natural constitutio7i of 
 mind) : endmved with a good d., bona 
 ind. praeditus, Cic. But the word has a 
 good sense by itself : he seems to be if 
 good natural d., videtur in eo esse in- 
 doles, Cic. ad Brut, i, 18, vud. : this Is 
 more fully expr. by virtutis indoles, Cic. 
 ad Brut, i, j, init. 3. ingenium 
 
 (usu. rather referring to the intellect : v. 
 5IIND, genius) : a Sim possessed nf such 
 an mlmirable d., natus t;ili ing. praedi- 
 tus, Ter. : a shamele.^s d., ing. invere- 
 cundum, Cic : a Jickle d., mobile ing., 
 PI. 4. mens, mentis, /. (strictly in- 
 telU'ct ; but u.sed also in more gen. 
 sense) : a good (kind) d., m. bona, Liv. : 
 <( sift d. (wanting fintitude), in. mollis, 
 Caes. : the d.s of men toirards him, ho- 
 iiiinum erga se mentes. Suet. 5. ani- 
 mus (strictly the emotional part of the 
 mind : also, the mind generally) : a 
 ready, jrrompt d., a. alacer et promptus, 
 Caes. B. G. j, 19, frn. (see the place). 
 
 6, hiibilus, its, m. (state of feeling) : 
 such II as the d. of mi7ids at Home, hie 
 Komae h. auiiiiorum fuit. Liv. : Tac. 
 
 7. vOluuUlS : v. INCLINATION. 8. 
 
 mijres, urn, »i. ; v. character. 
 
 dispossess: I. Lit.: to ejeet 
 
 from properly : 1. pello, pfpuli, pul- 
 sum, J (whether legiilly or violently : 
 usu. with abl.) : more fuliy, p. possession- 
 ibus, Cic; they (the settlers) d.'d them 
 of house and kind, pellobaut doniibus, 
 exturbabant agris. I'm:. : the laivd.'d the 
 patricians of public taiul, lex possesso 
 agro p.itres pellebat. Liv. (in Quich.) : 
 absol. Hor. Od.2, i8, 26. 2. expello, i 
 (like pello): join: expelli i-t ejici 
 ft' praedio],Cic. 3. detrude, si, sum, j 
 (violently) : to d. a person by fora, of 
 land, de agro aliquem vi d., Cic. 4. 
 df turbo, I (like prece<l.): to be d.'d, 
 [certa re et] possessione deturbari, Cic 
 5. dejicio, Jed, jectum, j (which 
 also strictly implied %nolence: Cic. Caec. 
 17) with <ip possessione, Cic. Join: 
 dejici detrudique, Cic. 6, exuo, ui, 
 
 iituni, f. to d. of hereditary property, 
 avitis bonis ex., Tac. 7, dC-meveo. 
 mOyi, mStum, 2: cf. Cic. Caec. 17, 49: 
 where however the word is not used 
 technically. ||. Fig.: t^) deprive of; 
 fsp. of an opinion : 1. gvello, i, vul- 
 sum, ? : tod. people of so deeply rooted 
 an opinion, e. ex animis hominum tan- 
 t,ini opinionem, Cic. Clu. i, fin. (a little 
 below be has convellere, extorquere, in 
 sira. sense); so, insitas opiuiones evel- 
 lere, opp. to, novas opiniories inserere, 
 Cic. 2, Sdlmo, erai, cmpium, } : v. 
 to take away, deprive of. 
 disposore : dispusiiiira (of the 
 
 atoni.f): Lucr. : v. AURANGRMENT. 
 
 dispraise (»■«''«■) •• vUfiperium, Clc- 
 
 v. 1!LAMK. 
 
 dispraise («■)■• culpo, vitiipgro, i: 
 Cic. : v. TO blame. 
 disproof: expr. by verb: v. to 
 
 DI^PIt<A•K. 
 
 disproportion : |. Failure of 
 
 strict }jroi>ortion : no exact word. Phr.: 
 there is a d. in tlie elements, *parte8 
 male sunt lemperatae inter se; partium 
 temperamentum non est adhibltiim : v. 
 TO MIX, adjust. (Sometimes inaequa- 
 litas may be precise enough : v. iNKycA- 
 LiTY.) II. Want of harmony or sym- 
 metry : inconcinnitas : v. inelegance. 
 Phr.: when there is a d. betwem the 
 parts of the body, cum partes corporis 
 inter se dissideant, Cic. 
 disproportionate \ 1. inaequa- 
 disproportioned 5 lis, impar inter. 
 will (jften be preci^eeuough : v. unequal, 
 ILL-MATCHKD. 2. inconclimus (awk- 
 ward, ivanting in symmetry): v. inele- 
 gant. 3. expr. by compar. and pro ■ 
 v. foil. art. 
 
 disproportionately: 1. expr 
 
 by compar. and pro : the loss teas d. large 
 (or small), numerus occlsoruni major 
 (minor) quam pro numero pugnuntiuiii, 
 etc.: v. PROPORTION (IK). 2. some- 
 times inaequallter, imptiriter: v. un- 
 equally. 
 
 disprove : 1. rgfello, felli, j : if 
 that had been faUe why did not your 
 son d. it f si id falsum fuerat, filius car 
 non refellit? Ter.: Cic. 2. rfdarguo, 
 iii, J : if ours can be more easily proved 
 than those d.d, si nostra facilius probari 
 quam ilia redargui possunt, Cic. 3. 
 reviiico, \ici, victuni, j (rare): citavges 
 d.d by facts, crimina rebus revicta, Liv. : 
 Cic. 4. confuto, rCfuto, i : v to 
 
 CXJNFUTE, REFUTE. 
 
 disputable : controversus, disputa- 
 bilis, e (rare) : Sen. : v. control er- 
 
 TIBLE. 
 
 disputant: 1. disputator, a 
 
 subtle d., d. subtilis, Cic. 2. (oppo- 
 nent) certator (rare), (Jell. (But mora 
 usu. expr. by verb : the d.s in tliat dia- 
 logue are, etc., disputant in eo dialogo, 
 etc. : v. TO dispute.) 
 
 disputation : dispfitatio : v. discus- 
 sion. 
 
 disputatious: pugnax, di.sputandi 
 aviilus: v. contkntiocs. 
 disputatiously: pupmdter, Cic: 
 
 V. CONTENTloUSLY, OBSTINATELY. 
 
 disputatiousness : 1. pugnacr- 
 tas, i. e. PUGNACITY, q. v. 2. perh, 
 contentiones : ichat d. he shou ed, »quan- 
 tae in eo contentiones (er.mt): avoid d., 
 *fuge contentiones: cf. L. G. i 591. 
 
 dispute (subs.) : 1. conctrliitio, 
 controversia: v. controversy'. 2. 
 
 disceplatio: a d. re.'^pecting u-ordt (or, 
 to be settled by wonis), verborum d., 
 Liv. Join: disceplatio c»ntentioque 
 (the latter referring to the Attit of dis- 
 cussion), Cic 3. alieruitio (more 
 violent than disceptatio : " n^^n discep- 
 taiiomodo, sod etiam altcrcatio," lAv.): 
 Cic : V. ai.teuc.vtiox. 4. rixa 
 (strictly, a quorrel, q. v. ; also used in 
 modified sense) : Cic: v. 1 eud. 6. 
 very often expr. by verb there tjc a d 
 b'tu-een, etc., disputatur, ambigitur, in- 
 ter, etc. : during the d., iiiUr disputnn- 
 dum : that is matter of d., id di:-pui«r 
 potest: V. Tt) DTSCtrss, DispuTF. Phr.: 
 the matter is still in d,, adbuc Sub Judioe 
 lis est, Hor. 
 
 221
 
 DISPUTE 
 
 D ISSECT 
 
 ©ISCIMUI.ATION 
 
 dispate (»•)• I. ''o argite on 
 
 opposite sides: 1. disputo, discepto, 
 dissfiro: v. to discuss. 2. anibigo, 
 } (implying uncertainty) : to admit of 
 being d.d, naiuram amblgendi habere, 
 Cic. : it is d.d »o^t/i«r,anibigitur utrum, 
 etc, Hor. . to d. aimut truth., amb. de 
 vero, Cic. ||, To call in question : in 
 coniroversiam v6co, addiito, Cic. ; v. 
 CONTKOVEKSY. Sometimes uego will 
 do: V. TO DENY. Ill, To quarrel re- 
 specting something : 1, ambigo, } : 
 to d. about boundaries, de finibus amb., 
 Ter. ; concerning an estate, de fuiido, 
 LJv. 2. rixur, I : tod. about a hair, 
 de lana cuprina r., Hor. : v. to quakbel. 
 3. altercor, i (tji a wrangling man- 
 ner): V. TO WBANGLE. 4. certo, I; 
 V. To contend. 
 
 dispnted {part, adj.) : controversus, 
 a d. point of law, contro /ersiim Jus, 
 Cic. P h r. : it is ad. point, ambigitur • 
 
 V. TO DISPUTE. 
 
 disputer •■ dispiitator, Cic. 
 
 disqualification: 1. impfidi- 
 
 mentum (a Idndrance of any kind) : a 
 legal d. (for the office of commissioner), 
 legititiium i., Cic: natural d.s, naturae 
 imp., Cic. : v. obstacle. 2. exreptio 
 (legal t. t.) : see Just. Inst. 4, ij, 11. 
 
 disquali£r: 1. impedio, 4 (in 
 
 gen. sense, to hinder, prevent: q. v.): 
 to be in no way d.'d (^thereby) from, etc., 
 nulla re impediri, quin, etc., Cic. : to be 
 d'd by ill-ltealth from, etc., niorbo (in- 
 finna valetudine) impediri quoniinus, 
 etc., based on Cic. 2. e.xcipio, cepi, 
 ceptum, J (legal t. t. : to declare to be 
 d.'d) : the law declares such persons 
 d.'d, lex eos ex., ne or quominus . . ., 
 Cic. : also used impers., excipitur 
 (lege) . . , cf. Cic. Balb. 20, fin. 3. 
 impgdimento est. with dat. of person : 
 cf. preced. art. (1 ). Piir.: tod. a per- 
 son for study, reddere aliquem inhabi- 
 lem studiis. Sen. : legally d.'d (as a 
 citizen), capitis minor, Hor. 
 
 disquiet (.subs.) : 1. inquies, etis, 
 /.: nightly d., nocturna in., Plin. 2. 
 inquietiido : Sen. 3. sollicitiido : v. 
 
 ANXIETY. 
 
 disquiet (»•) ■' 1. souidto, i (to 
 render anxious) : cf. Cic. de Sen. init. : v. 
 TO HABAss. 2. 'iquieto (rare): Sen. : 
 Suet. 
 
 disquieted (part, adj.) : soUicitus, 
 inquietus : v. restless, tuoobled. 
 
 disquietude : v. disquiet. 
 
 disquisition : dispatatio : V. DIS- 
 CUSSION. 
 
 disregard (mbs.) : 1. incuria 
 
 (absence of concern about) : great d.for 
 Artue, magna virtutis in., Cato in Amni. 
 
 2, negligentia : d. of ceremonies, 
 n. caereraonianim, LIv. : v. neglect. 
 
 3. despectlo (kmlcing down tipon : 
 rare) : a lofty d. for human opinions, 
 bmnanarum opinionnm alta quaedam d.. 
 Cic. in Non. 4. derglictio (as shoim 
 in conduct) : d. of the general good, d. 
 communis ntilitatis, Cic. : v. abandon- 
 ment. Phr. : to shoiruiter d.for, nihW 
 pens! mque moderati habere. Sail. : 
 omnino, penltus negligere : v. foil. art. 
 
 disregard («•)•• 1. negligo, lexi, 
 
 tectum, J to d. danger, periculum n., 
 Cic. : to d. rumour (outcry), rumores n., 
 Cic. : to d. violence, vim n., I'ac. : to d. 
 entreaties, preces [surda aure] n.. Prop. 
 V. to neglect. 2. 6mitto, misi, 
 
 mis.sum, ? (to let go, through not caring 
 for) : to d. (shoi'r disregard for) piety 
 and humanity, pietatem et humanita- 
 temo., Cic. : v. to abandon. 3. con- 
 temno, tempsi, ptum, } (opp. to timeo, 
 cupio) : to d. tite gods, riches, divos, 
 divitias c : v. to despise. 4. nihili, 
 parvi facio, teci, etc.: to d. pain, do- 
 lorem nlliili f.. Cic. : v. to value, 
 and cf. L. G. 5 28 1 , Obs. 2. Phr.: reli- 
 gion is (utterly) d.'d. sub pedibus jacet 
 Teligio, Lucr. : Ov. to d. any one's in- 
 terest, alicujus commoiii rationem non 
 habere, Cic. : v. to eegabd. 
 
 disregardful ; negligeus, incurio- 
 Slis: V. kegaedless. 
 
 disrelish, (subs.) .- fastidium (oft. 
 pi.) : Hor. : v. disgust. 
 222 
 
 disrelish ("•) • 1. fastidio, 4 : to 
 d. vegetables, olus f, Hor. 2. temno, 
 psi, ptum, } (poet and stronger than 
 the Eng.) : to d. common fare, vulgaria 
 t., Hor. Phr.: it makes one d. his 
 food, fastidia movet (creat, Plin.), 
 si ... , Hor. : V. DISGUST. 
 
 disreputable: 1. iufamis, e: a 
 d. smi. tilius inl , Quint. : a d. life, vita 
 inf., Cic. : V. iNF.\5ious. 2. flagilio- 
 sus: V. SCANDALOUS. Phr.: d. cha- 
 racters, facinora, flagitia (abstr. for 
 concr.), Sail. 
 
 disrepute: infamia: V. DISGRACE. 
 Phr.: to be in d., male audire, Cic. 
 
 disrespect : negligentia : v. disee- 
 GABD. But usu. expr. by verb : to 
 treat a person u-itk d , negligere ; de- 
 bltum honorem alicui non habere; par- 
 urn honoritice uti (aliquo) : v. to be- 
 
 SPEOT, BESPECTKULLY. 
 
 disrespectful : 1. irrevgrens, 
 
 ntis (late). PlliL Ep. : Tert. 2. neg- 
 ligens, nti> (not paying proper attention 
 to: not necessarily implying any overt 
 act) : d. to one's father, n. in patrem. 
 Just. 3. contiiniax : v. insolent. 
 
 4. coutumeliosus (stronger than 
 the Kng.): v. INSULTING. Phr. : tomen- 
 tlon any one in a d. manner, aliquem 
 contumeliae (opp. to honoris) causa 
 nominare, Cic. : to speak in a d. manner 
 to any one, aliquem parum honorifice 
 appeliare: v. respectful. Sometimes 
 iiidecorus may be near enough : it is 
 d. to an old nuin not to give way to him, 
 indecorum est seni non de via decedere : 
 
 V. UNBECOMING. 
 
 disrespectfully : 1. parum vg- 
 
 recunde or honorifice : v. respect- 
 fully. 2. irreverenter (late) : Plin. 
 Ep. 3. contiimeliose : v. insult- 
 ingly. Phr.: far be it from me to speak 
 d. of him, *ateit ut quicquam illi de 
 honore detraham : v. to disparage. 
 See also contemptuously. 
 
 disrobe : vestitu exuo : v. to strip. 
 
 disruption : I. L, i t. : Physical 
 separation: J. discidium: to pro- 
 duce a d., d. parere [et nexus exsolverej, 
 Lucr. : Solin. (more freq. in sense 11.). 
 2. diruplio. Sen. 3. expr. by 
 verb: o d. (of the land) is said to have 
 taken place, haec loca dissiluisse ferunt, 
 Virg. : V. to burst asundeb. ||. 
 
 Fig.: a division or siJiism. 1. di- 
 
 scidium: d.s of family ties, affinitatum 
 d., Cic. : V. separation. 2. stjunc- 
 
 tio : V. separation, rupture. 
 
 dissatisfaction : 1. dispUcentia 
 
 (the state of iU-i.'untentedness vith any- 
 thing) : d. vith oneself, sui d.. Sen. 
 
 2. stoniichus (vexation, ill-temper) : 
 a letter full if d. and complaints, epi- 
 stola plena stomachi et querelarum, Cic. 
 
 3. ni61estla : v. annoyance. 4. 
 to fuel d., expr by verb : poenltet me 
 alicujus rei : v. dissatisfied (to be). 
 See also disciontent. 
 
 dissatisfied (part, adj.): male 
 (parum) contentus: v. discontented. 
 Chiefly with verb to be: (J) poenitet, 
 uil, 2 (with ace. of subject an I gen. of 
 object): it It as evident the senate vere 
 d, ivith the magistrates, poenitere ma- 
 gislratuum senatuni apparebat, Liv. : 
 Cic (2). displicpo, 2 (with dat. of sub- 
 ject) : v. displeased (to be). (3). taedet, 
 pertiiesum est, 2 (same constr. as poen- 
 itet : implying ueaHness, and so vexa- 
 tioj)) : v. SICK of (to BE). 
 
 dissatis& : non (parum, male) sa- 
 tisf^lo, ; : v. to satisfy. See also 
 dissatisfied. 
 
 dissatisfidng (euij-) •■ vanus, inanis: 
 V. EMITY, vain. Phr.: there is some- 
 thing d. in human happiness, curtae 
 nescio quid semper abest rei, Hor. ; 
 medio de fonte leporum surgit amari 
 aliquld, Lncr. 
 
 disseat : v- unseat. 
 
 dissect: I. Medically: 1. in- 
 seco, cui, ctum, i : more fully, corpora 
 mortuorum ad scrutandos morbos Idei., 
 Plin. 19, 5, 26. Join: insecare atque 
 aperire corpora, Gell. 2. incido, di, 
 sum, J : corpora mortuorum inc., Cels. 
 3. aperio, ui, rtnm, 4 : v. supr. 
 
 II, Fig.: to examine minutdy : per- 
 sSco, I : in the same manner (viz. a, 
 surgeons) to d. the natures of things, 
 eodem modo rerum naturas persecarej 
 aperire, dividere, Cic Acad. 2, }<), 1 22 : 
 V. to examine. 
 
 dissection: I. Medical: 1, 
 
 apertio : " apertio quam Graeci ana- 
 tomiam dicunt." Coel. Aur. : cf. Gell. 
 10, 10, from which passage it appears 
 that no l.iatin subs, was then in use. 
 
 2. *incisio: Forcell. s. v. 3. expr. 
 by verb (the preferable mode, except in 
 med. Lai.) : by d. it was discovered, etc., 
 insectis aperti.sque humanis corporibus 
 reperium est, Geil. ||, Fig.: mi- 
 nute examination . exDlicatio : v. ana- 
 lysis. 
 
 dissector : anatCmlcus, Macr. 
 disseize : possessione delrado, de- 
 jicio : V. to dispossess. 
 
 dissemble : 1. dissinmio, i (opp. 
 
 to siinulo, which is to make a pieteme 
 of anything) : to d. fear, metum d., 
 Hor.: also absol., as opp. to fateri, 
 Cic. : V. TO disguise. 2. obtego, xi, 
 cium, J (to hide a thing) : v. to cloak. 
 Join: dissiniulare et obiegere. Cic. 
 
 3. praetendo, di, sum and tum, f 
 (lo put a plausible face on anything): 
 
 V. TO CLOAK. 
 
 dissembler : dissimiUator, Hor. : 
 Sail. 
 
 diss mblingly: 1. dissimuian- 
 
 ter, Cic: Ov. 2. c^ dissimulato. 
 
 Sen. 
 
 disseminate : 1. s5ro, sevi, sa- 
 tum, J to d. rumours, rumores s., 
 Virg. : Liv. 2. dissgro, sevi, situm, 
 } : lac. 3. disseniino, 1 (to scatter 
 as seed) : Join: spargere ac dissem- 
 inare (meraoriam), Cic 4. semino, 
 I (rare) . Lact. 
 
 dissemination: expr. by verb: by 
 the d. of reports, rumores serendo : v. 
 preced. art. ( Uisseminatio evangelii is 
 louiid in Ten.) 
 
 disseminator: sator: Liv. 
 
 dissension : dissenslo, dissTdinm : v. 
 disagrkkmext, discord. 
 
 dissent ("•) •■ I. ^o disagree : dis- 
 sentio, dissideo . v. to disagree, differ. 
 II. Specially, to d. from, an estab- 
 lished church: Phr.: to d. from the 
 Lutheran church, *a Luiherano cultu 
 dissidere, sese separare, segregare: v. 
 
 TO DIFFER, separate. 
 
 dissent (subs) : |. In gen. sense : 
 dissensio, v. disagreement. Phr.: to 
 express d.: (I), dissentio, 4: v. TO dis- 
 agree. (2). rgnuo, i, } (strictly, by a 
 nod or yestuie) : to express d., and 
 deny repeatedly, T. atque negitare, Hor. 
 (3). reclamo, 1 (6^ luwi shouls) : strong 
 d. was expressed from his speech, eju* 
 orationi vehementer reclaniatum est, 
 Cic. (who has also acclamo in same 
 sense). (4). nggo, nSgito. i : v. to 
 dent. II. In special sense, d. from 
 an established religion : neiu'est word, 
 dissidium : v. disbuption. 
 
 dissenter = qu* dlssldet ; in pi. dls- 
 sTdentes: v. TO dissent (IL). 
 
 dissentient (<"(;) ■■ chiefly in phr., 
 xnthout a d. voice, *neniine dissentiente, 
 ut dicitur (better omnibus ad unum 
 consentientibus) : in somewhat similar 
 sense Cic. has, sine ulla pastoricia flstula, 
 Att. I, 16, 6 ; *nullo reclamante. 
 
 dissentient (subs.): qui dissentit; 
 xapl., dissentientes, v. to dissent. 
 
 dissertation: 1. dispiitatio, dis- 
 sertatlo (not used of the book, but its 
 matter) : Plin. 2. commentatio : 
 
 Aristotle's d. on Ote nature of animals, 
 c. Aristotelis de natura animalium, Plin. 
 v. treatise. 3. schOla (?) : cf. Cic 
 Tusc. I, 4. 8. 
 
 disserve : incommOdo, nSceo, ob- 
 sum : v. TO injure, disoblige. 
 
 disservice : incomm6dum : V. dis- 
 advantage, INJDBY. 
 
 dissever : v. seveb. 
 
 dissimilar : dlssimllls, dispar : v- 
 
 UNLIKE. 
 
 dissimilarity : dissimTiitado, Cic. • 
 
 V. tTNLIKENESS, DIFFERENCE. 
 
 dissimulation : dissimiiiatio (th*
 
 DISSIPATE 
 
 DISTANT 
 
 DIST I I. 
 
 act of prflending not to be what you 
 are : correl. to siniulatio, pretince) : 
 Cic. Phr. : ii-it/tout (i., apcrle, sincere, 
 aine fuco ac fallaciis, Cic. : v. sinckrely : 
 skilled in d., dissimulator. Sail. 
 
 dissipate : I. ''''> disperu -. 1. 
 disslpo, i: tod. gnawing cares, d. cursis 
 edaces, Hor. 2. disciilio, j : v. to 
 DISPEL. DISPKEISE. ||. To xi-oste (a 
 
 fortune) : dissipo, prSfundo, l&cCro, etc. : 
 
 V. TO .SQUANDKR. 
 
 dissipated (adj): 1. discinctus 
 (lit. ungirdlfd, lipnce disposed for pita- 
 sureand ivdtdgence. : poet.) : a d. xpoid- 
 thrift. nepos d., Hor. : ft (only) for d. 
 ease, d. in otia natus, Ov. 2. diss6- 
 lutus, sOlutus (less freq.) : v. dissolute. 
 
 3. llbidinesiis (given up to sensuai 
 indulgences) : Join: lu.xuriosiis, dis- 
 Bolutus, libidinosus, Nep. (of Alcibiade.s). 
 
 4. lux6riosus (taken up with plea- 
 sures): Cic: Nep. Phr.: ad. person, 
 nepos, fimieo, Cic' : v. debauchee. 
 
 dissipation : I. Dispersion : dis- 
 sipatio. Cic. ||, '/ni/, vicious life: 
 1. (immodicae) vOluptates, uni, •". 
 (enjoyments, esp. of a sensual kind) : 
 Cic. : V. PLEASUBE. 2. Ubidlnes, urn, 
 /. (sensual pleasures) : v. i.cst, wanton- 
 ness. 3. intempfrantia (with some 
 defining word) : int. libidinum, Cic. 
 4. perh. •Indus immodlcus atque 
 solmus: V. amcsement. 
 
 dissociable : v. unsociable. 
 
 dissociate : dissSclo, sejungo, se- 
 
 piro: V. T<> .<kparate. 
 
 dissociation : sejunctio, dissociatio : 
 V. separation. 
 
 dissoluble : dissolubllis, e : Cic. : v. 
 
 SOLUBLE. 
 
 dissolute : 1. dissSlQtus : the 
 
 most d. of all men, omnium honiinum 
 dissolutissimus, Cic. : the d. habits of 
 the Greeks, d. consuetudo Graecorum, 
 Cic. 2. soliitus : d. character, s. 
 
 mores. Just. 3. discinctus (poet.): 
 V. dissipated. 4. perditus : v. aban 
 dosed. 5. corruptus : v. CORRUPT. 
 6. luxuriosus: v. luxiriods. 
 
 dissolutely: 1. luxuriose : wilh 
 the lewd to live d., cum libidinosis 1. 
 vivere, Cic. 2. immoderate : v. in- 
 temperately. (Dissoluie is not found 
 in this sense.) 
 
 dissoluteness : mores dissolutl : V. 
 dissolute. See also dissipation. 
 
 dissolution: I. Breakup: 1. 
 dissolulio : death is the d. of nature, 
 mors est d. naturae, Cic. . the d. of the 
 empire, A. imperii, Tac. 2. intSritus, 
 us : V. DESTRUCTION. ||, Formal ter- 
 mination of an engagement: inductio 
 (i. e. the cancelling of a written con- 
 tract) : or better expr. by verb ; to de- 
 m,and the d. of a contract, pustulare ut 
 Inducatur locatio (v. to cancel) : to 
 announce the d. of a partnership, socie- 
 tatem diremptam esse proscribere, sig- 
 nlficare; v. to dissolve. Phr. : ad. 
 of marriage, divortium (v. divorce) : a 
 d. of the marriage contract is caused 
 by divorce, death, etc., dirimitur matri- 
 monium divortio, morie, etc., Paul. Dig. : 
 d. of marriage by confarreation, diffar- 
 reatio, Fest. : v. divouce. 
 
 dissolve: A- Trans.: \. To 
 melt aivay : dissolvo, solvo, llqugfacio : 
 v. TO stELT. II. To break up, cause 
 to perish . dissolvo. intfirlmo, perdo : v. 
 
 TO BREAK, up, DESTROY. |||, To dO 
 
 airay with a formal contract: 1, 
 dirimo, enii, emptum, j : to d. a matri- 
 motual contract, niatriinoniuni d.. Paul. 
 Dig. : tod. a parttiership (of any kind), 
 socletatem d., Cic. 2. induco, xl, 
 
 ctum, ? (to drair the style across : only 
 of written contracts) : Cic. : v. to can- 
 cel, TO BREAK OFF. B. Intrans. : 
 to melt atray : liquesco, solvor, dis- 
 solvor: V. TO MELT. ¥)iT. : to d. in joy, 
 in gaudla resolvi, ,Sil. 
 
 dissonance : dissSnantia (as mus. 
 t. t.) : yuiib. (In ordinary language, 
 better expr. by adj.) .- to make a d. in 
 singing, dissonum quid cantare : v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 dissonant : dissdnua : v. discord- 
 
 AST. 
 
 dissuade : 1. dissuadeo, si, sum, 
 2 (with lie ; in late writers inf. : also 
 direct ace. of thing dissuaded from) : to 
 d. your acceptance if a Ian; d. ne banc 
 legem accipialis, Uracch. in Cic. : to d. 
 di/ing, d. mori. Sen. : to d. the passing of 
 a taw, legem d., Cic. 2. dChortor, i 
 (with ne and subj.: also in/, or abl. 
 with a, ab) : to d. any one from giving, 
 d. aliqueni ne det, I'er. ; with iTi/.,Cato ; 
 Tac: to d. from any course, d. ab ali- 
 qua re. Sail.: v. to discourage (II.). 
 3. expr. by siiadeo, hortor, and 
 negative words: he d.d the hing very 
 strongly fi om declaring nar, *regi ve- 
 hemcniissime suasit ne bt-llum Indic- 
 eret : v. to advise. 4. avdco. abs- 
 traho, etc. : v. to divert. 5. depello, 
 pQli, pulsum, j: to d. a person from 
 (carrying out) what he has undertaken, 
 aliquem de suscepta causa d., Cic. : he 
 Cf/uld not d. her from, d. earn non 
 potuit quin, etc., Tac. 
 
 dissuader : dissua.«or, Cic. : Liv. 
 
 dissuasion: dissuasio, Cic. (More 
 freq. t-xpr. by verb: v. T> dissuade.) 
 
 dissuasively : expr. by verb : he 
 spoke d. before the people, verba fecit 
 apud populum etdissuasit; concionatus 
 est ad ptipulum, dls:5uadendo, etc.: v. 
 TO dissuade. 
 
 dissyllabic : 1. dlsyllabus, a d. 
 }mrd, vox disyllaba. Quint. 2. bisyl- 
 labus, Varr. Phr.: d. nouns, nomina 
 quae duabus syllabis enuntianlur, Col. 
 (in Quich.). 
 
 dissyllable: 1. vox disyllaba, 
 
 Quint. 2. disjilabon, i, n. (Si<rv\- 
 Aapoi-), Lucil. in Non. 3. fxpr. by 
 adj. : these four feet are d.s, digyllabi 
 quatuiir hi (pedes) sun', Don. 
 
 distaflF: cOlus, us and i, /..- Ov. : 
 Pliii. : Mart. (For fig. sense, v. spindle.) 
 
 distance (subs.) : |. interval of 
 remoteness : 1. distantia (in Cic. 
 
 difference: q. v.) : Plin. 2. spatium, 
 beams separated by equal d.s, trabes pa- 
 ribus intermissae sp., Caes. : d. of time, 
 sp. temporis, Cic. : Caes. 3. longin- 
 quitas (remoteness of plactt or time) : on 
 account of the d., all news is very late 
 in coming, propter 1. tardissirae omnia 
 perferuntur, Cic: v. length. 4. 
 
 with the verb to be, absum : to be at a 
 d. of ttco days' journey, abesse bidui, 
 Qc. : v. DISTANT. Phr.: o< or from a 
 d.: (I), longe (at a great d.) : tvhat is 
 the d. fi-om here to ... , quani 1. est 
 bine ail, etc., Cic. (2). procul (loithin 
 sight) : to hurl missiles from, a d., tela 
 procul (implying a greater d. than 
 eminus, but less than longe) conjicere, 
 Cic (v. FAR). (3). eminus (opp. to 
 cominus, which is at close quarters) : 
 the cfmtest ivas waged at a d., eminus 
 pugnabatur, Caes. ||. The parts of 
 
 a picture which represent more remote 
 objects : nearest term perh. rficessus, 
 us ; or quae recedunt (in plctura) ; but 
 these expressions strictly refer to the 
 optical illusion by which an object in 
 a picture appears to stand back, as 
 opp. to standing out (eminero) from 
 the plane : see Quint. -2,17,21: in same 
 sense, absccdentia, ium, Vltr. |||. 
 
 Hauteur, coldness : 1. frigus, 6ris. n. 
 (on the part of a great man ttmurds a 
 dependant) : Hor. : Sen. : v. disfavour. 
 2. rgvgrentia (the proper d. to be 
 observed by an inferior) : v. respect. 
 Phr.: to treat a friend irith rf. (tu>-n 
 your bacl: upon him), a. amicum, Ov. ; 
 more strongly, aversari aspect uni ali- 
 cujus, Tac. : *erga amicum minus faml- 
 liariter (superbe. if hauteur is meant) 
 se gerere; if on his return from some 
 journey, excipcre: to keep at a d., ar- 
 cere : v. to keep off. 
 
 distance ('■) •• sup6ro, i (with 
 cursu), praccurro, antSverto, i : v. to 
 outstrip. 
 
 distant: I. >'eparated by any 
 
 interval: 1. distans, ntis (of space 
 or time) : beams d. two feet from each 
 other, trabes d. inter se binos pedes, 
 Caes. 2. disjunctus : in vititly d. 
 places, locis disjuuctissimis niaximeque 
 I diversis, Cic, 3i *"i"i v^^b to be. 
 
 absum. fui, esse : to tx; very far d, 
 from any one, loiiglssime ab. ab aliquo, 
 Cic: to bed. two, three, days' jouiiity, 
 bidui (sc. iter) or biduum, tridui or tri 
 duum ab., Cic 4. I'ke prcced : disto, 
 I (relerring to Uie interval betuttr. two 
 objects mutually; whereas al.es.M. de- 
 notes the distance of (/ne obje't from 
 something else) : to be 50 ft. d. from 
 eacli other, quinquagiula [)edes d., Caes. : 
 to tie too far d. f mm, mmmm d (with 
 abl.), Hor. : to />« d. from each other in 
 chronological date, aetite d.. Quint, 
 (N.B. Disto is not used to denote dis- 
 tance of space betiieen perfms, lor 
 which use absum.) ||. Remote : 
 
 1. longlnquus: d. nations, I. na- 
 tiones, Caes.: v. remote. 2. expr. 
 
 by means of the words given under 
 (1.), with some qualifying word: see 
 examples. |||, Displaying unfriend- 
 liness : parum (minus) lamiliiiris; par- 
 ura suavis, jucundus : v. familiar, 
 CORDIAL. Phr.: totieat in a d. manner, 
 aversari: v. dlstance. jy. Of relation- 
 ship: longinquus(.'): see loll, aru (11.). 
 distantly : j. Of space ; v. dis- 
 tance (1. fin.). II, Ol remote con- 
 nexion: Phr.: d. related to the king, 
 *regi longinqua cognatinno (afflnitate, 
 of connexion by marriage), coiijunctus 
 (cf. Nep. pref. 7, '■ joopinqua cogna- 
 tione conjunctus ") v. remotely. |||, 
 With hauteur, without friendliness: 
 satis cum frigore (of the great) ; parum 
 familiariter ; minus comiter atque 
 amice : v. familiarly. 
 
 distaste: fastidium (esp. of food) 
 6dium : V. dislike, dlsgust. 
 distasteful : I. Of the palate . 
 1. expr. by means of sSpio, elc. : 
 the (very) turbot is d., nil rhombus .sapil, 
 Juv. : the costly old Alban (wine) is d. tc 
 him, Albani veteris pretiosa senectus dis- 
 plicet, Juv. (stronger is vina exspuere 
 to reject it with disgtist). 2. I5te» 
 (taet.), tra, trum : v. nauseous. P h r. : 
 to find homely fare d., vulgaria temnere 
 (fastidire), Hur. ||. In other senses: 
 6diosus, injucundus, ingralus; v. dis- 
 agreeable. 
 
 distastefulness : I. To the pa- 
 late: sapor amarus, injucundus, teter: 
 V. taste. II. In other senses: injii- 
 cunditas: v. unpleasantness. 
 
 distemper (subs): |. Strictly, 
 undue or disproportionate mixture : in- 
 temperies. ei,/. .' esp. of weather : v. in- 
 clemency. II, (The usual sense) a 
 malady, esp. in animals : 1. morbus 
 (gen. term for all diseases of men or 
 animals): Virg. : v. disease, murrain. 
 Having the d., morbibus. Sen. ; morbO- 
 sus, Cato : Varr. 2. lues, is,/, (chiefly 
 poet., and used only of a mde-spreod 
 d.): Viig. 3. scabies, ei,/.: i. e. tub 
 MANGE, q. V. 
 
 distemper (<•■)•• confundo, comimpo, 
 
 etc. : V. TOCtlNFtSE, DISORDER. 
 
 distemperature : intempfries, si, 
 
 /. : V. DISTEMPER (1.). 
 
 distempered: \. Raring the dis- 
 temper: morbosus, morbidus: v dis- 
 temper (II.). ||. Disordered: male 
 sanus, aeger, aegrotus : v. diseased, dis- 
 ordered. Phr.: like a d. dream, 
 velut aegri somnia, Hor. 
 
 distend: 1. 'endo, tetendi, ten- 
 sum and lum, ; : to d. sails, vela t., 
 Virg. : the sinews become d.'d (su-ollen), 
 tenduntur nervl, Col. 2. Inflo, i (bjf 
 blowing): v. to inflate. 3. '"*- 
 tendo. di, etc.. j (poet.) : d.'d udders, 
 di-tenta libera, Virg. 4. (to 
 become d.'d), intflmesco, tilmui, 
 
 TO SWELL. 
 
 distention : 1. distentio, 
 2 distentus, us. Plin. 3. 
 tio : V. INFLATION. (More freq 
 
 be or 
 2: V. 
 
 Cela. 
 infli- 
 cxpr 
 by verb: by d. of Ote skin, distenta 
 cute : V. preced. art.). 
 
 distich: distUhon. 1, n.(Si<m.\ov) 
 to nrite d.s. distlcha scribere, MarL 
 Suet. 
 distil: I- Intrans.: destUlo, 
 
 StillO, 1 ; V. TO DROP. TKICKI.E. ||. 
 
 Trans.: To let fall drop by drop : L 
 stillo, 1 : to d. a dew from the eyea.
 
 DISTI LI, AT I ON 
 
 rorem ex oculis st., Hor. 2. destillo, 
 1 (in same sense) : Plin. 3. sudo, 
 exsudo, I : V. TO exude. |||. Chem. 
 t. t. : to extract by distillation, *destillo, 
 I : M. L. (For less precise language, 
 coquo, decoquo, excOquo, may be suffi- 
 ciently near.) 
 
 distillation: I. The act of drip- 
 ping : destillatio, Plin. : Gels. ||. 
 That ivhich drips : stiUicidium, Lucr. : 
 perh. ros, roris, m. (applicable to any 
 detv-like distillation): more precisely 
 ros stillans, cf. Ov. M. ii, 57, or simply 
 stilla, V. DROP. Ill, As chem. t. t. : 
 ♦destillatio, quod destillatum est : v. to 
 DISTIL. P h r. : brandy is a d. from 
 wine, *aqua vitae ex vino decoquitur 
 destillando. 
 
 distiller: (?) destillator (the word 
 appears necessary to avoid verbose- 
 ness). 
 
 distinct: I. Different, cUarly 
 
 separated fror,n others : 1. alius . . . 
 alius : the duties of a lieutenant are d. 
 from those of a commander-in-chief, 
 aliae sunt legati partes atque [aliae] 
 imperaturis, Cic. : v. different. 2. 
 ' (sometimes) proprius ( peculiar) -. to call 
 all things by their ovm d. names, res 
 omnes suis certis ac pr. vocabulis no- 
 minare, Cic. 3. separatus: v. sepa- 
 BATE. II, Of the senses, cUar : 1. 
 clarus : very d. characters, clarissiraae 
 literae, Cic. 2. Uquldus, candldus: 
 V.CLEAR. Phr. ; in a d. imce, clare, 
 Hor.: V. CLEARLY. (N.B. Not distlnct- 
 us, except of style : Quint, has serrao 
 purus, dilucidus, distinctus, i. e. well, 
 clearly arranged.) 
 
 distinction: I. ^e vxt of dis- 
 tinguishing : 1, distinctio : the d. of 
 faUe and true, d. veri a falso, Cic. : of 
 right and v^rong, d. justorum injusto- 
 rumqtie, Cic. 2. expr. by verb : to be 
 skilled in the d. of things similar, in 
 rebus distinguendis peritum esse : v. to 
 DISTINGUISH. H That which distin- 
 guishes one thing from another : \, 
 discrimen, inis, n. : let there be this d. 
 between, etc., sit hoc d. inter, etc., Cic. 
 •without d. of sex, sine uUo sexus d.. 
 Suet. 2. distinctio : Cic. : Sen. : v 
 DIFFERENCE. Phr.: (a), without d. 
 (1). promiscuus : things divine and hu 
 man without d., divina atque bumana 
 pr.. Sail. : to throw open the consulate 
 without d. (of orders), consulatum pr. 
 •facere, Liv. (2). proraiscue : to put all 
 grown up people to the sword without 
 d,., omnes puberes interficere pr., Liv. 
 (where the adj. could not be used). (3). 
 passim : Just. : Stat. Join: passim 
 fortuitoque. Quint. : v. confusedly 
 (6). there is a d. between, interest inter, 
 etc.; V. difference: (c). to draw d.s, 
 discemere, dijudicare : v. to distin- 
 guish. Ill, J mark of honour : 1, 
 honor, hbnos, oris, Jii. : v. honour. 2. 
 insigne, is, n. (a mark, badge) : the 
 mark and d. of rank, indicium atqile 
 ins. fortunae, Cic. : the fasces and (other) 
 consular d.s, fasces atque consularia ins.. 
 Veil. : the d.s of {due to) merit, ins. vir- 
 tutis, Cic. 3. decus, oris, n. : accord- 
 ing to wie or d. in war, prout aeias, 
 prout d. bellorum, Tac. : Cic. : v. glory, 
 PRIDE. 4. nobilitas (esp. of rank) : 
 V. NOEiLrTY : very worthy of d., nubili- 
 tate dignissimus. Veil. 5. ornameii- 
 tum : V. ORNAMENT. Phr.: a person 
 of d., nobilis (homo) : v. noble, distin- 
 guished. 
 
 distinctive: proprius: v. distinct 
 
 (1,2). A d. bojlge, insigne: v. mark, 
 distinction (III.). 
 
 distinctively : proprie : v. pecu- 
 uarly. 
 
 distiactiveness : proprietas : v. pe- 
 culiarity. 
 
 distinctly : I. separately : se- 
 paratim : v. separately. ||. Clearly . 
 Clare, liqulde, perspicue, etc. : v. 
 clearly. Ill, In distinct ivords : 
 
 diserte : v. expressly. 
 
 distinctness : ciaritas : v. cleab- 
 NBss : perspiiuitas; v. clearness. 
 
 distinguish: J. To mark as 
 being different : 1, distinguo, xi, 
 224 
 
 DISTORT 
 
 DISTRESS 
 
 ctum, }: to be d.'d by their tails (of 
 apes), caudis distingui, Plin. 2. »'- 
 signio, 4 (rare) : mullets are d.'d by . . . ., 
 mulli insigniuntur (with abl.), Plin. 
 
 3. Signo, I : v. TO MARK. II. To 
 
 k-now apart : 1. inteniosco, novi, 
 
 notum, } : things which cannot be d.'d 
 from false, quae a falsis internosci non 
 possunt, Cic. : to {be able to) d. twins, 
 geminos int., Cic. 2. dignosco, novi, 
 J (not in Cic.) : to d. straight from 
 crooked, curvo d. rectum, Hor. : to d. 
 master and slaw, dominum ac servum 
 d., Tac. III. To separate by exercise 
 of the judgment : 1, secemo, crevi, 
 tum, } : the flattering friend may be 
 d.'d from the true, secerni blandus ami- 
 cus a vero potest, Cic. : to d. justice 
 from injustice, justo s. iniquum, Hor. 
 
 2. distinguo, i {as the result of 
 mental consideration): to d. the will 
 from tlte deed, voluntatem a facto d., 
 Cic. : to d. true from false, vera a falsis, 
 (vero falsum, Hor.) d., Cic. Join: 
 dijudicare atque distinguere, distinguere 
 atque dividere, Cic. 3. dijudlco, i 
 (implying careful judgment) : Cic. (v. 
 supr. I). 4. divido, visi, visum, j 
 (rare ir this sense) : to d. a good law 
 from a bad one, legem bonam a mala 
 d., Cic. (and v. supr. 2). 5. discerno, 
 J : V. TO DISCERN. 6. sejungo, separo : 
 V. TO SEPARATE. |V. I'o honour : 
 
 1, d§c6io, I ; to d. a person with 
 special honours, d. aliquem singularlbus 
 honoribus, Cic. 2. omo, i : to d. a 
 person xvith signal Javours, or. aUquem 
 maximis beneticiis, Cic. Join: augere 
 atque omare, Cic. ; v. to honour, and 
 DISTINGUISHED. V. 1" reflect, sense, 
 to d. oneself: v. to display. 1, con- 
 splcior, spectus, } (lit. to let oneself be 
 seen) : to d. himself by doing su<h an 
 exploit, conspici dum tale faceret. Sail. 
 
 2, claresco, ul, } {to become fa- 
 mous) ; they can more easily d. them- 
 selves in perilous times, facilius intei 
 ancipitia clarescunt, Tac 3. inclar- 
 esco, ui, } : Suet. • Plin. 4. emineo, 
 eulteo, 2 : V. distinguished (II., Phr.). 
 
 distinguished {part, adj.): |. 
 
 Marked in aiiy way : \, insignis, e 
 (usu. with the notion cf ornament): 
 Phoebus d. by his lo>:ks, crinibus ins. 
 Phoebus, Ov.: Tac. (cf. Ger. ji). 2. 
 expr. by abl. of quality (L. 6. } }iS)': 
 this bird is d. by a hooked beak, long 
 claiis. *hic avis adunco est rostro, prae- 
 longis unguibus. ||. Famous: 1. 
 clarus, inclytus or inclitus (poet.) : v. 
 FAMOUS, iLLCsTRioca 2. notus (In 
 this sense poet.) : d. for a paternal 
 affection, n. animi paterni, Hor. : Stat, 
 
 3, egrggius, eximius: v. eminent. 
 
 Ill, Of high rank or dignity : am- 
 pins : of most d. family, aniplissimo 
 genere natns, Caes.B. G. 4, 12 : a d. fa- 
 mily, a. Tet honesta] familia, Cic. Mur. 7. 
 
 Phr.: to bed.: (1). eniteo, 2 : to be 
 d. by the knonledge of various arts, e. 
 scientia variarum artium, Plin. : Athens 
 ivas d. almost among all nations. Athe- 
 nae prope cunctis (in) gentibut, enite- 
 bant, Cic. : v. To display (oneself). (2) 
 eniiaeo, 2: Demosthenes is d. in every 
 branch of eloquence, D. in omni genere 
 dicendi e., Cic. (3). praesto, excello, etc. : 
 V. TO EXCEL. Phr.: to be d. above all, 
 omnes supereminere, Virg. : he was d. 
 for his arms and his horses, arma (ejus) 
 et equi conspiciebantur, Liv. 
 distort: |. Lit.: of the body: 
 
 1. distorqueo, si, tum, 2 : tod. one's 
 countenance, os sibi d„ Ter. : Quint. 
 
 2. detorqueo, 2 : cliiefly so used in 
 p. part. : V. DISTORTED. 3. dcpTavo, 
 I: Plin. II. Fig.: to pirvert : 1, 
 detorqueo, 2 (not distorqueo in this 
 sense) : to d. words, looks, into ground 
 o/' accusation, verba, voltus, in crimen d., 
 Tac. 2. depravo. 1 to d. {a story) by 
 ill 7mrrating. male narrando d., Ter. 
 
 3. interprgtor, 1 (with male, per- 
 verse) : to d. {put a f>ad construction o«) 
 good words, bene dicta male int., Cic. 
 (Tac. appears to use interpretari absol. 
 in this sense, "conferre injurias et iii- 
 lerpretando accendere," Agr. 15.) 
 
 distorted ipa''t- adj-): 1. dis- 
 tortus : d. legs, d. crura, Hor. : d. by 
 gout, podagra d.. Sen. : Cic. 2. dS- 
 tortus: d. parts of the body, d. partes 
 corporis, Cic. 3. pravus {naturally 
 illfornied) : d. ankles, p. tali, Hor. : v. 
 
 CROOKED. 
 
 distortion: distortio, Cic (More 
 usu. expr. by verb: v. to distobt.) See 
 
 also PERVESaiON. 
 
 distract: I. To draw off the at- 
 tention, divert : 1, distraho, xi, ctum, 
 J {to draw in different directions): to 
 d. the industry of the orator, oratoris 
 industriam in plura studia d., Cic. : Tac. 
 
 2. distringo, nxi, ctum, j (like 
 preced.) . to d. the attention of the Ro- 
 mans, ad distringendos Romanos, Liv. : 
 fie is d.'d by a variety of things, d. (eum) 
 multarum rerum varietas, Phaedr. 3. 
 distineo, ui, tenlum, 2 (strictly, to kcev 
 OT hinder from doing something) : to be 
 d.d by the multitude of trials, multi- 
 ludine judiciorum distineri, Cic. : by 
 what (an amount of) engagements [am 
 d'd, quanta occupatione distinear, Cic. : 
 to be d.'d by grief, distineri [et divelli] 
 dolore, Cic. 4. avSco, l : a voice djs 
 me more than a noise, magis mihi vox 
 avocare videtur, quam crepitus. Sen. : 
 V. TO Dn'ERT. II, To derange the 
 mind : chiefly in p. part. : v. distract- 
 ed. (See also supr. 3.) 
 
 distracted (part. <«(;.) ; \. occupied 
 and divided in mind : distentus, distract- 
 us: V. preced. art. \\. Mentally discom^ 
 posed, deranged : 1. aniens, ntis : d. 
 withfright. a. terrore, Liv. : Virg Join: 
 amens et attonitus. Curt. 2. vecors, 
 rdis: d. by love for a woman, mulieris 
 amore v., Tac. : panic-stricken and d.. 
 pavidi v.que. Just. : d. with guilt and 
 fear, scelere et metu v. : Tac. : v. mad. 
 
 3. mente ftlignatus : v. deranger 
 Phr.: to be d. with love for any one. 
 deperire (with ace.), misere, perdit« 
 amare (v. to love) : to go almost d. for 
 joy, gaudio paene desipere, Cic. 
 
 distractedly : amens (in agr. with 
 subject: see L. G. $ J4i): ^- ''« directs 
 his Steps to the shore, cursu amens ad 
 litora tendit, Virg. 
 
 distracting (a<^J-) •• mSIestus : more 
 d. to me is a 7wiie which, etc., moiestior 
 est mihi sonus qui, etc.. Sen. : v. annoy- 
 ing, TROUBLESOME. Phr.: to be more 
 d., magis avocare {sc. a studiis). Sen. Ep. 
 56 (see the place). 
 
 distraction : I. ^ drawnng off 
 
 of the attention : 1, avocatio : the 
 noises uhich go on around me without 
 d., ea quae me sine a. circumstrepvmi. 
 Sen. 2. *distractio animi : cf. to 
 
 DISTRACT. 3. more freq. expr. by 
 verb : amid all this d., interea dum sic 
 occupatiouibus distineor : v. to dis- 
 tract. II, TItal which draws off the 
 attention : avocamentum : v. diversion. 
 Ill, Insanity : insauia, mens alien- 
 ata : ^■. madness. Phr,. to love to d. : 
 v. distracted {fin.). 
 
 distrain : expr. by p. part, of com- 
 mitto (to forfeit) : to d. upon a person 
 by seizing anything, aliquid commisso 
 vindicare (toUere), Marc. Dig. J9, 4, 16, 
 $ 8 : to ue seized on the same ground, in 
 commissum cadere, ib. } i. The act. 
 committere is simply to forfeit : q. v. 
 Sometimes vendo (in juss. sense veneo) 
 may be near enough : cf. Dig. 1. c, " nee 
 vendendus est is servus qui in commis- 
 sum cecidit, sed," etc. 
 
 distraint : nearest single word prob. 
 venditio : ct. Gai. Inst. 2, 154. Phr.: 
 to levy a d. (as done by a publican for 
 non-payment of dues), commisso vin- 
 dicare (v. preced. art.) : to order a d. to 
 be levied, constituere ut liceat bona ali- 
 cujus vendere, Gai. (in R. and A.). 
 
 distraught ■ amens : V. distracted. 
 
 distress {subs.) : |. suffering, af- 
 fliction : 1, aerumna (defined by Cic 
 as, aegritudo laboriosa, i. e. suffering 
 accompanied irith trouble or affliction) : 
 what d. you have released me from, me 
 ex quanta aerumna extraxeris, Ter. 
 2. misgria (often pi): Cic: v. 
 AFFLICTION, MI8SRV. 3. dSIor, Wis
 
 DISTRESS 
 
 DISTURBANCE 
 
 DI TT Y 
 
 (gen. term for tuffering, of mind oi 
 Miy): V. GEiEF. PAIN. 4. mOlestia 
 (esp. in pi.) : to relieve a person's d. (by 
 reasoning with bim), aliquem a moles- 
 tiiu abduct-re, Cic. : lo recover from d. 
 and anxiety, molestias et sollicitudines 
 deponere, Cic. : v. vexation. 5. 
 
 angusilae : v. straits, difficdltv. 6. 
 angor. oris {acaU grief or suffering) : 
 Cic. : Suet. I* h r. : to succour (trutjps) 
 in d., luborantibus succurrere, Cues. : (v. 
 TO 8UFFKR) : a Cry of d., querela, eju- 
 latio, vox miserabill8"(v. lamentation); 
 qniritalto and quiritatus : v. CRV (IV. 5). 
 II. Straitened circumttances : 1. 
 angustiae, arura ■ brought into circum- 
 stancs of great d.. In summas a. ad- 
 ductus, Cic. also In sing , lac : v. dif- 
 ficdltv, sTBArrs. 2. figesta* ; v. 
 destitution. 3. inOpia : v. waj.t. 
 Ill, Seizure of goods : v. dis- 
 traint. 
 
 distress ("■)•• 1- a"e<'. ^'^' J 
 
 {keenly to annoy a7id render anxious) ; 
 to be d.'d. aiigi nniino, Cic. ; angl animi, 
 PI. Join: angere et sollicltura habere 
 aliquem; angere atque solllcitarc, Cic. 
 2. solllclto, I (to render anxious): 
 Cic. (V. supr.). 3. afflicto, i (chiefly 
 with prmi. rejl , or as pass.) : to d. one- 
 self {greatly), sese af.. Sail. : Cic. : to be 
 very greatly d.'d, acerbisslme afHicturi, 
 Cic. 4. criicio, 1 (strictly, to torture ; 
 q. v.) : Cic. See also foil. art. 
 
 distressed {part, adj.) .- 1. aeger, 
 gra, grum (esp. poet.) : d. witli cares, 
 a. curls, Virg. : d. in mind, a. animi, 
 
 I,lv. 2. SOllMtUS : v. AN.\IOU.S. 3. 
 
 afflictus (iit.,ci«t<ioK7i ; hence, in severe 
 distrt-ss) : to be in a more d. condition, 
 afflictiore conditione esse, Cic. : d. mor- 
 tals, af. mortales, Tib. Join: a£H ictus 
 et jacens, Cic. 4. miser, gra, «rum : 
 v. wketcheu. P h r. : to bed., angi, 
 soUicitari, sise afflictare, etc. : v. to 
 
 L1STRES.S. 
 
 distressful : v. distressing. 
 distressing : 1. acerbus : v. 
 
 BirrER. \ery d., peracerbus, Plin. jun. 
 2. affliCtUS: v. niSTBESSRD (3). 3. 
 miser: v. wretched. 4. gravis, e: 
 V. GRIEVOUS. 5. i'Dportiuus : ad. and 
 painful disorder, imp. acutusque mor- 
 bus, Cic. : v. PAINFUL. 
 
 distressingly: niis«re, mlsgrablli- 
 ter : v. piteouslt. 
 distribute: I. in gen. sense: 
 
 1. distribuo, i, ulum, j : to d. 
 fiumey, argenium d., Ter. ; with dat., 
 miliii, Caes. : to d. the soldiers among 
 the Uijioiis, milites in legiones d., Caes. : 
 ke d.'l the rest of the people into five 
 classes, nliquum populum dlstribuit in 
 qulnque cla-sses. Cic. 2. divido, visi, 
 visum, J (less freq.) : to d. and circulate 
 bills, d. passim et pervulgare tabulas, 
 Cic. : to d. kisses, oscula d., Hor. 3. 
 dispertlo, 4 {to break up and share) : to 
 d. the recruits among the legions, tirones 
 inter legiones d., Auct. B. Afr. : to d. 
 (quarter) the army through the fortified 
 tou-ns, exercitum per oppida d., Liv : 
 to d. Tnmiey to tlie jurors, pecuniam judl 
 cibus d., Cic. (N.B. The deponent fonn 
 also occurs.) 4. describe, psi, pt\im, 
 J (to lay out and apportitm) : v. to 
 ALLOT. 5. partior, 4 : v. to divide. 
 
 6. digSro, gessi, gcstum, j : v. to 
 ARRANGE. 7. dilargior, 4 (to d. 
 
 laintiily) : Cic. ||, In certain special 
 senses: Phr. : tod. the voting tablets {to 
 electors, or jurors), tabulas, suffragia 
 diribere. Cic. : to d. type, typos dis- 
 cutere, Orell. 
 
 distribution: partnio. distribntio, 
 
 largiMo (Uivish), Cic. (But usu. better 
 expr. bv verb: commissiiniers for d. of 
 lands, triumviri agris dividendis : after 
 the d. of Vie spoil, praeda dispertita ; of 
 the voting tablets, diribitis tabellls: v. 
 to DiSTKiHtJTE.) Diribitio (with ref. to 
 voting tables) occurs in Synunaih. 
 
 distributor: 1. dlsirlbutor: Apul. 
 
 2. divisor (esp. applied to those who 
 itistrihuted bribes) : Cic. 3. diribltor 
 \qf voting-tabUs) : Cic. 
 
 distributive: I. in gen- sense: 
 expr. by verb, d. justice, •genua justi- 
 
 tiae distrlbutum. ||, As gram, t t. : 
 
 •dlstributlvus. 
 
 distributively : *perdistrlbiitiorem. 
 (Cic. has distribute In somewhat diff. 
 sense.) 
 district: I. -^ t^roct of cuuntry. 
 1. regio, 5nls, /■. ; Rome wot form ■ 
 erly divided into Jour d.s, Homaoliin in 
 quatuor r. dividebalur. Suet. : Tac. see 
 also COUNTRY. 2. t.-actus, (is (an 
 
 extent of country) ■ the d. of Venafi ae. 
 t. Venafranus, Cic. : Hor. 3. lOcus : 
 V. PiJiCE, REGION. II. In legal sense ; 
 a portion of country aJlolted to an officer 
 or governor: dioecesis, is, /. (u-ithin 
 ivhich jurisdictiim vas exercised) : Cic. 
 (who sometimes writes the word with 
 Greek characters, £ioi<c>)<Ttt) : " Latine 
 jurisdictio et praefectura dici potest," 
 Fore: v. diocese. Phr. : beyond a 
 man's ou-n d., extra forum suuni, Cic. 
 
 distrust (subs.) : 1. diffidcntia : 
 d. of one's memory, d. memoriae, (^uint. : 
 of one's forces, d. coplarum. Suet. 2. 
 more freq. expr. by verb : to feel d., 
 diffidgre : he is regarded with d., diffi- 
 ditur, parum fidei habetur ei : v. foil, 
 art. 
 
 distrust (»••) •■ 1. diffido, lisus, } 
 (with dat. : rarely abl.) : to d. oneself 
 and one's fortunes, sibi ac suis fortunis 
 d., Cic. Also with ace. and inf. : to d. 
 one's ability to attain, d. se assequi 
 posse, Cic. 2. credo, didi, ditum, } 
 (with a negative) : totally to d. a person, 
 alicui nihil credere, Cic. : / find it im- 
 possible to d., ut non credam facere non 
 possum, Cic. 3. tidem non habeo: 
 v. TO TRUST. 4. suspicor, I (to enter- 
 tain suspicion) : v. to DisTRr.'n'. 
 
 distrustful : 1. diffidens, mis 
 (with dat.) : d. of self , sibi d.. Cic. : v. 
 TO DISTRUST. 2. susplcax, suspici- 
 osus : V. SUSPICIOUS. 3. verecundus 
 (d. of oneself): v. modest, bashful. 
 Phr.: Jf I saw my fellow-citizens so d. 
 of me, sl me mels civibus tarn graviter 
 suspectum viderem, Cic. 
 
 distrustfully: 1. diffidenter: 
 
 Cic: Just.: V. DIFFIDENTLY. 2. dubi- 
 tanter: \.e. hesitatingly : q. v. 
 
 disturb : 1. turbo, i (most gen. 
 term) : the sea is d.'d by the viohnce of 
 the winds, vent<inini vl mare turbatur, 
 Cic. : Hor. Join: miscere et turbare 
 omnia, Cic. Karely intnins., to be d.'d, 
 Virg. 2. perturbo, i (stronger than 
 simple verb) : to d. terms and condi- 
 tions, conditiones pactionesque p., Cic. : 
 nor does that outcry discompose or d. 
 me, nee me clamor iste conimovet aut 
 p., Cic. 3. conturbo, i (like perturbo, 
 to throw into disorder) : to d. the state, 
 c rempubliciim, Sail. 4. misceo, 
 
 permisceo, commisceo, 2 : v. to con- 
 fuse, H INGLE. 5. comniOveo, niovi, 
 molum, 2 (esp. of the mind) : v. TO 
 AGITATE. 6. soUIcito, I {to d. in 
 
 mind, render anxious) : Cic. : v. TO 
 DISQUIET. Also used In physical sense, 
 to d. the sea tvith oars, freta remis s., 
 Virg. 7. inciuieto, i : to d. hens sit- 
 ting, matrices incubantes inq., Col.: to 
 be d.'d by mmours, rumoribus inquietari, 
 Plin. Ep. (N.B. Disturbo is to break 
 up. demolish: Cic: Caes.) 
 
 disturbance: I. As act (rare): 
 lurbaiio, perturbiitio: Cic. Or expr. by 
 verb : v. preced. art. ||. (More freq. 
 In this sense) : the disorder itself: 1. 
 turba (esp., a popular or tumultuous 
 d.) : to foster violmce and d., vim (belli) 
 ac t. alere, Cic. : tn uhat universal d. 
 and confusion we live, quanta in t., 
 quantaque in confusione vlvinni.s, Cic. : 
 lo prevent any d., ne quid turbae tiat, 
 PI. 2. turbatio (esp. wiih rerum : 
 see L. G. } 595) : in this d. (or am- 
 fusion) : in hac t. rerum, Liv. 3. 
 perturbatlo (stronger than turbatio : 
 esp. of the mind) : d. of the atmosphere 
 (stormy weather), p. coell, Cic. Join: 
 conversio rerum et perturbatio, Cic. 
 For mental sense, v. emotion. 4. 
 confusio (a confused blending of th ings) ; 
 V. CONFUSION. 5. tumultus, lis (d. 
 on a large scale) : to cause alarm and 
 (general) d., formidinem et t. lacere. 
 
 Sail. : Liv. : Cic : v. TUMULT, COMMO 
 Tiov. 6. motus, vis (esp. a polUiccu 
 
 movement or comvuitiim) : to cause a d. 
 in Uie common uialth, m. atTcrre reip., 
 Cic 7. expr. by verb, esp. impert. 
 (.see Ij. G. i 6}2): there had bten a <t 
 in the camp, tumultuatum in oostrii; 
 fuerat, Liv. : such a d. is there in the 
 ftelils, usque adeo turbatur In agris, 
 VMrg. : to cause d. in the slate, rempub- 
 licam miscere, Cic : v. to disturb. 
 8. interpellatio, i. e. interruplitm 
 (of a speaker) : q. v. 9. -^ vumus of 
 exciting d., turbamentum : lac. 
 
 disturbed (part, adj.) : 1. tur- 
 b&lentus: a commonueaUli (greatly) d., 
 respublica t.,Cic. 2. turbldus : the d. 
 plains of ocean, t. aequora punti, Lucr. : 
 v. turbulent. 
 
 disturber: 1. turbator (/. lurbi- 
 trlx); the d.s of the common people, L 
 vulgi, Liv. 2. interpellator. I.e. on 
 
 interrupter: Cic. 3. I'omo or civU 
 turbulentus: Cic: v. turbulent. 4. 
 concitatijr (a stiirer up), with some de- 
 finmgword. Join: sedltiunig instlmu- 
 lator et concltator, Cic 5. In rhetori- 
 cal lang., peslls, is, /., might perh. be 
 used : that d. and d/tslroyer of the state. 
 p. ac pemicles civitatis, Cic : v. scourge. 
 Phr.: to act (U the d. of a state, tu- 
 multum civitatl Inferre (civltatem turb- 
 are, perturbare), Cic. : v. to DisroRa 
 
 disunion: |. separation: dias6- 
 
 ciatio, sejunctio: v. separation. ||, 
 Discord : dissidium, di.seordia, simultas, 
 dissensio : v. disagreement. F'hr. : 
 to sou; the seeds of d. betneen people and 
 knights, serere causam discordiarum 
 inter plebem et equltes, Suet. 
 
 disunite : 1. dissOcio, i : to d. 
 
 friends (lit. friendsliips), amlciiias d, 
 Cic : the citizens being d.d in feeling, 
 dissociatis civium aiiimis, Nep. : in phy- 
 sical sense, to d. c/os«- parts, arctas partes 
 d., Lucr. 2. sejunpo, sep&ro, etc. ; 
 V. TO separate. 3. dirlmo, eml, 
 
 emptum, 5 : v. to divide, dissolve. 
 
 disunited (part, adj.) : dissdcialus : 
 v. to Di.-i NrrE. 
 
 disuse (subs.) : 1. desuetiido, lni», 
 /. : d. (/ amis, armoruni d., Liv. : to 
 fall into d., in d. abire, Callist. Dig. 
 2. intermissio (J'or a time): v. in- 
 termission. Phr.: to fall ivtod.: 
 obsolesco, levi, etum, j Varr. : Cic : 
 to restore a custom vhich had fallen 
 into d., morem intennlssum reducere, 
 Plin. : words which hare fallen into d., 
 verba quae cecidere, Hor. : obsolefaclo, 
 to cause to fall into d. (efHcere ut ali- 
 quid obsolescat), only in Arnob. 
 
 disuse ('••)•■ dfdoceo (v. TO tJN- 
 TEACH), desuefacio, desuesco (v. to dis- 
 accu!-tom) : chiefly used in p. part., v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 disused : 1. desuetus : arms long 
 d., diu d. arma, Virg. ; Liv. 2. QUod 
 obsolevit, intermissus (the latter, tem- 
 porarily): V. DISUSE, ./in. (.N.B. Obso- 
 letus appears not to occur in this sense.) 
 
 ditch (subs.): fossa: to dig a d., 1. 
 fodere, Liv. ; f. ducere. if the length of 
 the d. is considered, Caes. : to clean nut 
 old d.s, veteres f. tergere. Col.: \"lrg. 
 Dimin., fossiila, a small d., Caio. (N.B. 
 scrobs or scrobis is a trench for plantiiiu' 
 in ; incile or fossa incilis, a drain : see 
 the words.) 
 
 ditch {"■) •• fossam fOdlo, etc : v 
 preced. art. Phr.: U> d. damp ground. 
 agruni humidum fossis concidere, Plm. 
 
 ditcher: fossor: v. digger. 
 
 ditheism : •ditbelsmus : or by olr- 
 cuml , Vorum opinio qui duos deos esse 
 putant. 
 
 dithyrhamb: dithjrhambus: Hor.; 
 Cic. 
 
 dithyrhambic : dithyrhamblcu*, 
 Cic //. verses, dithyrhambl, Hor. 
 
 dittany : dlctumnus, 1,/., and -mn, i 
 Plin. 
 
 ditty .• 1. cantilena (esp. a vmt 
 whidi has been often repeated) : you 
 sing the same d. (harp on the tame 
 string) : eandem c canis. Ter. : Cic 
 2. nSnia or naenla (strictly, a fu- 
 neral song, a dirge : albo = cantiien^ 
 M5
 
 DIURETIC 
 
 DIVEST 
 
 DIVIDE 
 
 gupr.) a child's d., puerorum n., Hor. 
 3. canticum : v. song. 
 diuretic : 1. diureticui Pall. : 
 Coei. Aur. 2. rnictOrius, Coel. Aar. 
 
 diurnal: diumus: v. dafl?. 
 
 divan : I. -A Turkish council of 
 state : concilium, consilium (the context 
 determining the precise sense) : v. coun- 
 cil. II. A sofa: lectns, lectiilus: v. 
 
 COUCH. 
 
 divaricate (rare) : didiico, divido ; 
 as scient. 1. 1., divarico : v. to orviDE, 
 FORK. (Divarico is to stretch out the 
 legs or feet, or to arrange in an analo- 
 gous manner : v. to divide.) 
 
 divarication: •divaricatio: as 
 scient. t. t.: v. division, divergence. 
 
 dive : I. L i t., to plunge into 
 
 vater .- J, merge, si, sum, } (with 
 pron. reft., or as pass.) ; birds uhich d. 
 in the sea, aves quae se in aeqiiure m., 
 C1c. ; who has also mergi in aquain, in 
 same sense : v. to plunge. 2. im- 
 mergo, j (same constr. as mergo) : to d. 
 into the water, in aquam se im., Plin. : 
 Curt. 3. iirini)r, i (a specific word: 
 used whether of beasts or men that 
 by nature or slcill can remain under 
 water) ; to plunge as persons vho d., 
 demergere, ut qui urinantur, Cic. fr. : 
 Plin. (who has the word in sense to 
 remain under vater, as frogs) : to d. 
 for pearls, margaritas urinando saxia 
 avellere: cf. Tac. Agr. I2, fin. The 
 form urino is less freq. 4. iniirino, i 
 (like preced. : to d. in) : Col. ||, 
 
 Fig.: to search deeply .- perscriitor, 
 exploro, irivestlgo, i : v. to search 
 
 OUT, HENETRATE. 
 
 diver : |. ^ person skilled in 
 
 diving : iirinator : Liv. : Plin. (Or 
 expr. by urinor : d.s. qui urinantur, Cic. ; 
 •rinantfs, Plin.) ||, A kind of water- 
 fowl : mergus : Virg. 
 
 diverge: 1. Ta turn aside from 
 a way : 1. decedo, ssi, ssum, ? : usu. 
 with de via: Lucr. has spatio decedere, 
 of bis atoms: v. to deviate. 2. de- 
 verto, ti, sum, 5 (when the intention is 
 to s'op somewhere) : Cic. : v. to turn 
 ASIDE, LODGE. 3. averto, ? (wiih se 
 or iter) ; they had d.d from the Saone, 
 Iter ab Arari averterant. Cues. : v. to 
 TURN AWAV. 4. declino, i (to depart 
 from a straight line) : Lucr. (of his 
 •tom8 = decedere, I, 221). ||. Topro- 
 ceed in different directions, as rays of 
 light, etc. : 1. diffundor, fiisus, j 
 
 (only of a number of things) : v. to 
 SPREAD ABROAD. 2. discurro, curri, 
 cursum, 5 (of rapid motion) : rays d. 
 from the middle, radii d. a medio, Plin. 
 3. diffluo, xi, xum, j : the Rhine 
 d.i into set^eral branches, Rhenus in 
 plures d. partes, Caes. 4. divarico, 
 I (in the manner of bandy- legs ; .10 as 
 to form a bifurcation : usu. trans.) : 
 (an ox) whose hoofs d., cujiis ungulae d., 
 Varr. : C«to. |||. Of opinions: Phr. : 
 thus far ve agree with Epicurus; hence 
 w;e(i.,*hactenus cum Epicuro sentimus; 
 in iis quae sequuntur, diversi agimur. 
 
 divergence : ^ L i t. : of diverging 
 lines : 1. declinatio, Cic. (who uses 
 the word with ref. to the Epicurean 
 atomis). 2. expr. by verb : were there 
 not such a d., nisi (ea) declinare soler- 
 ent, Lucr. : v. to diverge. ||. Fig., 
 of opinions : discrepantia, dissidium : v. 
 
 DIFFERENCE, DISAGREEMENT. And COmp. 
 TO DIVERGE (III.). 
 
 diverging (adj.): 1. dlversus: 
 there were several d. paths, plures erant 
 d. semitae, Liv. : d. mouths (of a har- 
 bour), d. aditus, Cic. 2, divaricatus 
 (forming a fork) : d. beams (fastened 
 at one end), d. tigna, Vitr. 
 
 divers (only used with plur. subs.) : 
 vSrius, dlversus : v. different, various. 
 P h T. : in d. manners, multis modis, 
 Vuls. 
 
 divers-coloured : versicolor, oris : 
 T. particoloured. 
 
 diverse : alius, diversus : v. dif- 
 ferent. 
 
 diversification : variatio : v. vari- 
 ation. 
 
 diversified (part. adj.) .■ j. Marked 
 216 
 
 at intervals : 1. distinctus : v. to 
 un'ERsrFY. 2. Interstinctus : d. mth 
 various colours, int. varils coloribus, 
 Plin. II. With varied hues or form : 
 
 variuB : d. discourse, v. sermo, Virg. : 
 v. various, varied. 
 diversifir: 1. ^ario, 1 (both lit. 
 
 and fig.) : to d. his (the sun's) disk at 
 rvsing with spots, maculis v. orium, 
 Virg. : to d. one's style, orationem v. [et 
 distinguere, the latter word showing 
 that ornament is intended], Cic. : v. to 
 VARY. 2. distinguo, xi. ctiira, j (to 
 mark, stud, adorn xoith what is bright): 
 with numerous streams d.ing the plain, 
 planitiem crebris rivis distinguentibus. 
 Curt. : d.'d with rudii^ streaks (of o pre- 
 cious stone), distinguentibus venis ru- 
 hentibus, Plin. : Hor. 
 
 diversion: I. Lit.: the act of 
 
 turning a river from its course : J, 
 derivatio : d.s of rireis, d. flurainum, 
 Cic. 2. deductio (from the fountain 
 head or source) : Cic. (Or expr. by 
 verb : by the d. of the water of the 
 rirer, derivata fluminis aqua v. to di- 
 ^■ERT.) II. Fig.: that which calls off 
 the mind from occupation : 1, avo- 
 catio : a d. from the thought of one's 
 misery, av. a cogitanda miseria, Cic. : 
 Sen. : V. distkaction. 2. av6ca- 
 
 mentum (strictly, avocatio is the act of 
 diverting or state of being diverted ; 
 avocamentum the object tchich d.s) : 
 Plin. Ep. Ill, Recreation : 1. ob- 
 lectatio (comp. amusement, fin.) : the 
 d. of one's leisure, ob. otii, Cic. : a kind 
 of free d. of the mind, animi libera 
 quaedam ob., Cic. Or. 1, 26, 118. 2. 
 oblectamentum (diff. from preced. as 
 cause from elTecl) : " oblectamenta quae- 
 rit otiosus ludendo, spectando. jocando, 
 ambulando," Habicht Syn., } 141. 3. 
 ladus: v. play. 4. animus: only 
 in phr. animi causa: v. amusement. 
 Phr.: those things are a mere d., not 
 (real) improvement, ludit in istis animus, 
 non proficit. Sen. : when you wish d., 
 quum voles nihil agere. Sen. Ep. ill, 4 
 (see the place). |V. Milit. t.t.: an 
 operation intended to distract the atten- 
 tion of the enemy: expr. by verb: to 
 i-xecute a d., ad distringendos (hostes), 
 ad distringendas copias (hostlum), Liv. : 
 V. to divert. 
 
 divert : \. To turn off the waters 
 ol a river : 1, derivo, i : v. to draw 
 off. 2. averto, ti, sum, j ; to d. 
 rivers : flumina a., Cic. ||. To turn 
 
 the attention or emotions in a new direc- 
 tion : 1, derivo, i : to d. any one's 
 anger and turn it an oneself, iram aX\- 
 ciijus in se d., Cic. 2. averto, ti, 
 sum, J : tod. a person from an urtder- 
 laking, aliquem ab incepto a., Liv. 3. 
 <iepello, piili, pulsum, j (like averto, to 
 induce to abandon): to d. a person 
 from his expectation and aim, aliquem 
 de spe conatuque d., Cic. 4. av6co. 
 
 I (to call off or be the means of doing 
 so) : pleasure has never d.'d my atten- 
 tion from (seeking) another's good, ab 
 nullius unquam commodo voluptas me 
 avocavit, Cic. 5. dgvoco, i : v. to 
 call away. 6. abdiico, xi, ctum, { : 
 v. to draw OFF (fig.). III. To amuse: 
 
 1. oblecto, I (for diff. from delecto, 
 comp. amusement, fin.) : v. TO amtjse. 
 
 2. liido, si, sum, j (to d. oneself) : 
 the mind d.s itself with such pursuits, 
 1. in istis animus. Sen. : v. to play. 
 
 IV. As milit. t. t. : 1. distringo, 
 nxi, ctum, j : to d. the enemy's forces, 
 ad distringendas copias hostium, Liv. 
 
 2. distraho, xi, ctum, ? : to d. 
 the enemy's attention, distrahendo hosti 
 (belter, ad distrahendum hostem). Tac. 
 
 Comp. TO DISTRACT. 
 
 diverting : 1. (?) festivus : v. 
 
 amusing. 2. ridiciilus: v. laugh- 
 able. 3. liidlcer, era, crum : a d. 
 account, 1. hlstoria, Cell. Phr.: it ts 
 very d., risu atque ludo res digna est, 
 Cell. 
 
 divertingly: festivg, festivlter: v. 
 amusingly. 
 
 divest ; |, L i t. : <o deprive of 
 rUithu or armowr ■ niido, spSlio, i (with 
 
 ace. and abl.), detraho, j (with ace. and 
 dat.) ; v. TO siRip. II. To lake away 
 an office : abrogu, 1 : v. to depose (see 
 also inf. 4). |||. F i g. (the usual 
 
 sense) : to d. oneself of, i.e. to lay aside 
 banish from the mind ; to give up (an 
 office) : I. exuo, i, utum, j (with 
 ace. of that which is laid aside) : to d. 
 oneself of an tiquate.d fashions, antiques 
 mores ex., Liv. ; of all human feeling, 
 omnem humanitatem ex., Cic. 2 
 
 pono, p6sui, pSsitum, j (e.sp. poet.): v 
 to lav aside. 3. depono, j : v. to 
 LAY down. 4. abdico, i (of civil 
 offices) : to d oneself of an office, ab. se 
 magistratu, Cic : v. to abdicate, re- 
 sign. Phr.: / cannot d. myself of that 
 opinion, *nullo iiiodo illam opiniouem 
 (sententiam) a me depellere possuin 
 (the same may be expr. by exuo : mihi 
 quidem ex animo exui non potest, Cic 
 ill K. and A.) : see also to get (rid of). 
 
 divestiture : of an office, abrogatio 
 V. deposition. 
 
 divide: A. Trans. : I, n» 
 part asunder : 1. sgco, i : v. to CUT, 
 cleave. 2. divido, visi, visum, j : 
 to d. the clouds (of lightning), nubila d., 
 Hor. Join perrumpere et dividere, 
 Cic. 3. scindo, j : v. to cleavf,. 
 4, divarico, i (in a fork-like 
 manner) : (a beast) whose hoofs are 
 (widely) d.d, ciyus ungulae divaricent 
 (sc. se), Varr. ||. To separate into 
 portions : 1. divido, j : to be d.d 
 into two parts, in duas partes dividi, 
 Caes. : to d. goods into three portions, 
 bona tripartito d., Caes. Fig.: to d. 
 an entire class into certain varieties, 
 genus universum in species cerlas partiri 
 ac d., Cic. 2. partior (less freq., partio), 
 4 : to d. land by a boundary-line, camp- 
 um limit e p., Virg. : v. to share. Esp 
 of the dinsion of subjects by a iiriter, 
 often with dividere, v. supr. 3. dis- 
 pertio (less freq., dispertior), 4: tod. in 
 a fourfold manner, quadrifariam dis- 
 pertire, Varr. : PI. : to d. the periods of 
 pleasure arul labour, tempora voluptatis 
 laborisque d., Cic. : v. to dlstribute 
 4, describo, psi, ptum, { (to layout 
 and apportion by a plan) : to d. the 
 year into 12 motiths, in duode( im menses 
 annum d., Liv. : to d. the people by for- 
 tune, populum censu d., Cic. 5. dis- 
 tribuo, 1, utum, j : v. to distributb 
 Join: partiri ac distribuere, Caes 
 
 III. To separate from : divido, se 
 paro, dispesco (rare) : v. to separate. 
 
 IV, To allot in portions: 1. 
 divido, J : to d. goods amongst the men, 
 bona viritim d., Cic. : v. to disthibute, 
 allot. 2. partior, 4: he ds the 
 spoil amongst his comrades, praedara 
 partllur in socios, Virg. : esp. when the 
 divider takes a portion for himself: v. 
 to SHARE. 3. dispertio, 4: to dixride 
 money amongst the jurors, pecuniam 
 Judicibus d., Cic. : v. to distribute. 
 
 V. (In this sense usu. pass.), to be 
 divided in opinion : Phr. : authors are 
 d.d in their opinion, discrepat, baud 
 convenit, inter scriptores : v. to dis- 
 agree : the senate was d.d in its opinion. 
 •duae senatum sententiae distinebant ; 
 to be d.d in one's counsels, cursibus ab»- 
 trahi, Tac. B. In trans.-. |. 7b 
 part asunder : 1. divido, seco, scindo 
 (v. supr. A., 1.), with pron. refi. : the 
 clouds d., scindunt sese nubes, Virg.: 
 or sometimes in pass, (refi.) : the flame 
 d.s, scinditur flarania, Luc. : see I^. G. 
 i 6;i- 2. discedo, ssi, ssum, j : all 
 d.d in twaiii and made room, disccssere 
 omnes medii, spatiumque dedere, Virg. : 
 the furrow d.s before the plough, d. 
 ■comere sulcus, Lucr. 3. dghisco, j ; 
 V. to gape open. 4. dissilio, ui and 
 ivi, ultum, 4 (suddenly): Virg.: Plin. 
 
 II. To vote by dividing : \, dis- 
 cedo, ! (to go to one side of the house in 
 favour of or against a motion) : to d. in 
 favour of this motion, in banc senten- 
 tiam d., Cic. : to d. against any one's 
 motion, 4. in alia omnia (to adopt any 
 motion rather than the one recom- 
 mended), Cic. (but senatus disced! t must 
 not be used for " tke houte dmideM^
 
 D I V I D ED 
 
 DIVISION 
 
 DO 
 
 comp Sail. Cat. 5?; Llv. }. 4O: the ' 
 formi.la caUiiiK »i>oii the senate to 
 " divicU " was tliis, "Qui liiic censctis 
 lUuc transite; qui alhi oiuiiia, In iiaiic 
 partem' Crev. ml l.lv. I.e. 2. p". 
 
 Ivl and Ti t-tc. (of indiviilual ineiulK-rs 
 sidiny or not with a motion) : v. To 
 
 VOTE. 
 
 divided {part, adj.): dividuus: d. 
 toil, d. lalior. Sen. : d. waters, d. aqua, 
 Ov. I'br. : d. m turn, blpariiins. Van-.: 
 PliTi,; in thref, trlpartitiis. Cic. ; in 
 four, quailiipar itus. Cic. : streams d. 
 iiiti, s.rrii chiinncli, flumliia septera- 
 fluu. (K . 
 
 dividend : I. ^A* vumbei- to be 
 divided : *nunieni» dlvidemlus. || 
 
 Share nf prii< ts in a amimercinl enlei- 
 pt-iSK : *eniiiliiiiieiitum pro rata purtione 
 capitiK ae^tiiiiatiini. 
 
 divider (rare) e.xpr. by verb : v. to 
 
 VJ\ IDK. 
 
 dividual : divMims (capabU of being 
 divided) : (-'ic. 
 
 divination: 1. dlMnatio (gen. 
 term) ; detined by Cic. as, " earum 
 rerum quae foriuitae putantur prae- 
 dictio atque praesenslo," Div. i, Inlt. 
 
 2. vatlcinatio: v. rRoniKcv. 3. 
 augfiratio {from the flight, etc., 0} 
 birds) : d. from sparrows, ain;. ex pas- 
 seribus, Cic. 4. auguriuin (any in- 
 stance ol divination): to try or pr<.-ve. a 
 matter bi/d., rem aiigurio experiri, H lor. : 
 to exercise d., a. agere, Cic. ; v. AtiGCRV. 
 
 5. biirusplclna (bj/ entrails of vic- 
 tims): V. sooTHSAViNG. 6. divinitas 
 (o kind of pritpltetic or supernatural 
 power) : comp. Cic. Div. 2, ;8, 1 19. To 
 practise d., divinare : v. to divine. 
 
 divine {adj.) .- |. I'ertaining to 
 the gods: 1. divinus : d. origin, d. 
 origo, Liv. : not uilhout d. assistance, 
 non sine ope d., Cic: d. worship, res 
 divinae, Cic. : Liv. : a d. inspiration, 
 afflatus d., Cic. : to attend d. service, 
 rebus d. interesse, adesse, Liv. 2. 
 use gen. of deus : the d. mercy, power, 
 dei (deorum) nwsericordia, potenlla : v. 
 GOD. 3. 'lius (rare) : Lucr. : Varr. 
 
 4. coeiestis, e: d. origin (of the 
 soul), c. origo, Virg. : d. honours (cere- 
 monies) are decreed {to him), c. reli- 
 giones decemuntur, Tac. Join: di- 
 vlnum atque coeleste (animal), Cic. 5. 
 sacer, era, crum : v. sacred. Ksp. as 
 subs, in pi. neut. : to attend d. service, 
 ♦sacrls adesse (Kr.). Phr. : d.jtoner, 
 numen : v. divinitv. ||, Kig. • ad- 
 mirabk, superhuman: dlvinus: d. rje- 
 ni2(s, d. ingenium, Cic. Phr.: niylits 
 and suppers d., noctes coenaeque de- 
 orum ! lior. 
 
 divine (.subs.) .- the6!6gus (deoAoyoc), 
 i : first applied to St, John the Divine • 
 M. L. : V. theologian. (For divine 
 in sense of clergyman, see the latter 
 word.) 
 
 divine (''•) • I. I" strict sense, to 
 discover liy divinatiim : 1. diviiio. 
 I (gen. term) : used both with and 
 without an object (as tuiura) by Cic. : 
 V. TO forktki.i.. 2. aui^i'iror, less 
 
 freq. augfiro, i {bi/ migurii, observcJion 
 of birds) : CaUhas from the niimlier of 
 the sparrows d.d the years of Die Tnijim 
 war, Calchas ex pas-irimi luitiiero belli 
 Trojani annos auguraliis est. Cic. : in 
 wider sense, In d. the future, futura a., 
 Cic. 3, aURurium ago, cgi, acluni, ?: 
 the regular plira.se fur lornial divination 
 by talcing the auspieis: Cic. |1, 
 
 Fig.: to conjecture deeply and saija- 
 ciously : 1, conjicio, .|eci, jectum, j 
 {Bruttis) u-ho d.d .<;o shrendly ciinrerti- 
 ing the kissing of hts mother, qui ile 
 suavianda matre tarn acute fox oracukij 
 conjecit, Cic. : to d. the future nilh ven/ 
 great shrewdness, callidissinie di' futiiris 
 c, Nep. 2. expr. by conjectura (the 
 act of putting things together, utui 
 so drau-ing an inference) and varinus 
 verbs: as far as I can d., qiiaiituui 
 conjectura atigiiramur. Cic. : simly, 1 on- 
 jecturani facere, capere ex (de) aliqua 
 re, conjectura perspiore : v. to infer. 
 
 3. auguror, i : esp. with conjecturft, 
 V. tupr, : also absol., you d. me rightly 
 
 recte de me augurarit, Cic : v. to con- 
 JI.CIURK, I'RKBiGE. 4. diviiio. I (to 
 
 f >re' ell, foresee : q. v.) : a.' llumgh he 
 d.d the result, quasi d» exitu diviuaret, 
 •'ic. 5. praerlpio. cBpi, cepiuin. | 
 
 (to anticipate by seeing through before- 
 hand) : he had dd {foieseev) that this 
 ii-oidd come to pass, hai-c "8U vcniura 
 pracceperat, Caes 6. persplcio, j : 
 
 v. TO SKE through, I'Knetratk. 
 
 divinelv: | Fnm heaven : 1, 
 divlnilus (divine, /"/ diviv/ition, with 
 prophetic pinver, Cic): d. Iiestoned upon 
 us. d. ad nos delatus, Cic: v. provi- 
 dentiai.i.y. 2. (after pass, verbs): 
 a Deo (diis) : v. COD. ||. Admirably, 
 vonderfulli/ : 1. divinTtus: d. argued 
 by I'laln, d. a PlaU'iie disputata, Cic. 
 2. diving : d. does I'laln call plea- 
 sure vice's bait, divine Plato escam 
 malorum volupia'em appellat, Cic. : 
 Quint. 3. egrfigie, exlmle : v. ex- 
 cellent i.y. 
 
 divineness: divinitas: v. divinity. 
 
 diviner {subs ) .- augur, haruspex, 
 etc.: V. !*k)Thsayeb. 
 
 diving-bell : perh. *vas urinato- 
 rium : *tcsta urinatoruni (Kr.). 
 
 divinity ; I- l>ivine nature or 
 
 poner : 1. divinitas : to as<Tibe d. 
 
 to the mind, nienti d. tribuere, Cic. 
 2. niimen, inis, n. {divine authority 
 or dignity) : many pnidlgies declare her 
 poner and d. (of Ceres), mulla prodigia 
 vim ejus n.que declarant, Cic. : sup- 
 pliant I apjKul to thy d.. supplex tua 
 numina posco, Virg. Phr.: to main- 
 tain the d. of Chiist, *Christum deum 
 esse, divina natura praedltum esse af- 
 firmare ; to deny it, *divinam Christ! na- 
 turam toUere. ||. A divine being : 
 
 1. nQmen, inis, n. (esp. poet.) : jrro- 
 pitious, adverse d.s, n. praesentia, laeva, 
 Virg. : V. deity. 2. deus, divus : v. 
 ROD. III. Theology: theOIogia, res 
 divinae: v. thf.ology. 
 
 divisibility : expr. by adj. under 
 DivistHLE, or verbs under divide (I.) : 
 to possess d.. dividuum esse, Cic. : he 
 believes in the infinite d. of matter, 
 nullum statuit corporlbus finem esse 
 secandis, cf. Lucr. i , 844. 
 
 divisible : 1. dividuus (that may 
 be or that is dirnded) : the indivisible 
 and the d., individuum et d., Cic. 2. 
 divisibllis, e (unclass.) : Ter. 3. expr. 
 by verb : these first elements are not d., 
 nullo modo haec piincipiasecarl franpive 
 possunt (based on Lucr.). 4. fissllis, 
 e {easily dii^ideil by splitting) : Virg. 
 
 division: I. The act of dividing 
 into parts : 1. divisio. d.s of la,vds, 
 Tac. : fourfold d., quadripartita d., Cic. 
 
 2. divisus, us (only iti dat.) : easy 
 of d., facills dlvisui Liv. 4?, ?o. 3. 
 descriptio {laying out and distributing 
 by plan) : the d. into centuries and 
 classes, d. centuriarum classiumque, 
 Llv.: v. DlsTRim:TloN. 4. partitio: 
 Cic. 5. expr. liy verbs under to 
 DIVIDE (I., II.): easy rf d.. quod facile 
 secatiir. divlditur ; for the d. of the 
 spoil, ad praedani disperlieudani. divi- 
 dendam, etc. |l. <f a subject, by a 
 vn-iter : 1. partitio {irio heculs or 
 branches) : Cic. 2. divisio (wliin 
 things individually distinit are sjx>l,-en 
 of) : Cic : Quint. |||, Disuniort : 
 
 1. dissidl:;m : v. disagkeemest. 
 
 2. sedltio (political) : a d. arose 
 betueen those who nere for nar and 
 those nho nere for peace, s. inter belli 
 pMCisque auctores orta. Liv. : v. sedi- 
 tion. Phr. to be in a stale of d„ 
 discrepare, dissidere, dissentire : v. to 
 disagree. IV. Tl'Ot which sepa- 
 rates : 1. disi rimeii, inis, 71. (only in 
 fig. .sense) : to be separated by a very 
 narro"- d., pertenui d. separarl, Cic. : 
 v DISTINCTION. 2. divisura (rare): 
 F'lin. : v. partition. V. ^ separate 
 
 I pm-tion of a sulject or tvorl: : 1, 
 
 pars, partis, /. : cf. Liv. 21, i, I'rii't. 
 nimin.. partliiila. a smaller division : 
 V. POBTION, 2. caput, Itis, n. (o lead- 
 ing d.) : the tni> fir.1l d.s of your Utter, 
 prima duo c. epistolae tuae, Cic. : v. 
 head, CHAPTER. VI. Of an arviy : 
 
 no nearer word than exercitfts, copi- 
 arum pars. I' h r. : in tuv, three dj, 
 bipariito, tripaniio: 10 attack in tur 
 (three) dj, sigim bipartlt<. inferre, Caes. ; 
 trlpartito (urbem) aguP dl, Liv. VII. 
 If the senate, for ruling: discesslo: to 
 have recourse t" a d., d. Ia< ere, Cic Phil 
 '4, 7. ./'"• (l"i' according to some the 
 discessio wa.sonly niad<' uheii the hous< 
 wa.-! uianinious, (iell. 14, ■, ad fin.). 
 
 divisor : *divis'pr, as arilli. t. t. 
 
 divorce (subs.) : L divortlum ; 
 
 to elfict a d., d. lacere (cum allquo, ali- 
 qua), Cic. 2. rfipudium (strictly of 
 mai-riages contracted Ji.r, not effected: 
 only on the part if Uie h usl/and, whereas 
 divortlum may l>e effected by husband 
 or ni/e) : to send notice of a d. (by the 
 formula, "res tuas libl habeto "), r. 
 renuntiare, I'l. ; r. uxorl rcmitiere. 
 Suet.; dlcere, Tac 3, diffarreatio 
 {of a marriage effected by cuiitiirreatio : 
 rare): Fest. 
 
 divorce ("■) ■■ I. Lit.: of the nup- 
 tial tie: 1, nunilum initio, misl, 
 mlssum, } (referring to the custom- 
 ary formula, V. Dl\ORCE. subs. II.): to 
 marry a second wife vithout d.ing the 
 former, alteram ducere, neqiie n. priori 
 mittere, Cic Mitto Is also used absol. 
 in same sense, Ulp. Dig. 2. rSmltto, 
 j: to d. one's wife, uxorcm r.. Suet. ; 
 more fully, repudio r.. Just, 3. di- 
 vortlum facio, ; : V. in\itm:K, subs. 4. 
 repQdio, i (also u.sed of annulling a 
 betrothal : said of the Tnan, w hereas the 
 preceding may be used 0/ the woman) : 
 Suet. 5. expr. by nmtrimoniu"! and 
 various verbs : dimittere aliquam e 
 matrimonio. Suet. ; niatrimonio depel- 
 lere, exturbare (with violence), Tac. 
 Phr.: to marry a woman that ha.' 
 d.d her hwiband, feminani digre.-sam a 
 .marito ducere. .Suet. ||. Fig.: to 
 separate forcibly : sejungo, divello: v. 
 
 TO SEPARATE, DKSJOIN. 
 
 divorcement : chiefly in phr., bill 
 of d., libellus divortii, Cic; I. repudli. 
 Vulg. Matt. xix. 7. 
 
 divulge : 1. patefacio, feci, fact- 
 um, J (to lay open to view) : Join: 
 proferre et patefacere, Cic. : v. TO dis- 
 close,. 2. palam facio, j (like 
 preced.): v. known (to make). 3. 
 vulgo, I (to publish abroad) : to d. the 
 mystery of Ceres, sacrum Cereris v., 
 Ilor. : v. to PUBLISH. Simly, the comps. 
 divulgo. Qc : Suet.; evulgo, Llv.; Tac 
 
 4. enuntio, i (to giiv secret intel- 
 ligence) : by an oath not to d , Jure 
 Jurando ne quis enuntiaiei, Caes.: oui 
 plans were being d.d to the enemy, con- 
 silia nostra hostibus enuiitiari, Caes. 
 
 5. prodo, didi. dltuni, j {to let out) : 
 to d. secrets, secreta prod., Tac ; arcana 
 p., Juv. : V. to nF.TKAY. 6. piororo, 
 toil, latum, J : the secrets of the heart 
 are d.d, secreta animi proferuntur, I'liii. : 
 more fully, in medium prol., Cic 7. 
 elimino, 1 (jocose, lit. to turn out of the 
 house): tod. what has tieen said (carry 
 tales), dicia foras e., Hor. ;=dicUi forau 
 efferie (R. and A.). 8. promOveo, 
 niovi, motum, 2: to rf. secrets, arcana 
 pr. kico, Mor. Kpixi. 11, 14. 
 
 divulger (rare) : 1, vulgator. Ot. 
 2. prOditor: v. betrayer. 3. 
 index, icis, c. . v. informer. 
 
 dizziness: vertigo, vertigines: T. 
 
 GIDDtNt.Ki. 
 
 dizzv : vertiglnosus : v. CIDDT. 
 
 do (see also w>ne): |. 7b effect: 
 1. facio, feci, factum ; pass, fio, 
 fitSri. J (the most usu. equlv. for the 
 Eiig.) : / cannot do more than I have 
 dUme, ego plusquam feci. f. ni'n possum, 
 Cic : he begged me to write 10 you, which 
 I do, orabat ui ad te scrilx-rem ; quo»l 
 facio, Cic : what am I to do, quid 
 faclam ? Cic: n hat nould you do vjilh 
 such a fellow, (luld hoc honnne facialis .- 
 (.:ic. : to do any one a kindness, bcne- 
 ficium alicul f., Cic ; bene f. alicul, Cic 
 Ter. : to do violence to any vne, vim 
 alicui f.. Llv. 2. efficio, j (stronger 
 than facio. to succeed in duln;i, to effect): 
 to do what one has profxised. quod quia 
 proposuerit ef., Cic. : v. to effect. 3. 
 22?
 
 DO AWAY WITH 
 
 DOCUMKNT 
 
 DOGGEREL 
 
 igo, ggi, actum, } (the most gen. term 
 to denote action of any kind .- ofien 
 used impers. in pass.) : to do nothing. 
 nihil a., O.c. ; what am I to do, quid 
 agam f Ter. : what is doing, quid agilur ? 
 Ter. : V. TO GO ON. 4. gero, gessi, 
 
 gestVUn, J: V. TO CAERY ON, TBANSACT. 
 
 P h r. : to do one's aideai'our, do out's 
 best that., . ., id agere, dare operam ut 
 (ne), or absol., Ter. : Caes. : to do one's 
 duty {zealously) to the state, navare 
 operam reipublicae, Cic. : to do any 
 on€s commands sedulously or actively, 
 mandata alicujus facessere, Virg. : to 
 have enough to do, sat agere, also satis 
 agere, or as one word satagere, PI. : 
 CSc. : Quint. : to do nothing, nihil agere 
 et eessare, Cic. : we have long enough 
 done nothing, cessatum usque adhuc 
 est, Ter. : to do good to, prodesse, bene- 
 facere, with dat. (v. to benkfit, serve) : 
 of medicines, facere : the root does a 
 great deal of good in cases of colic, 
 radix coeliacis praeclare fscit, Plin. : to 
 do harm to, obesse, nocere with dat. (v. 
 TO rNJDRE) : up ffe;; and be doing, quin 
 igitur expergiscimini ! Sail. ||, To 
 do mth, have concern with : P h r. : to 
 have to do with the. soil (of farmers), 
 rationem habere cum terra, Cic. : to 
 have to do with a person, rem habere 
 cum aliquo. Ter. : that I have nothing 
 to do with, (id) nihil ad me altinet, Ter. : 
 PC as far as I have to do with it, quod ad 
 me attinet, Cic. : Liv. : in short sen- 
 tences the verb is sometimes omitted, 
 what has that to do iiith the matter, 
 quid ad rem .' nihil ad rem, etc. : to 
 have as little as possible to do with any 
 one, *quam minime familiaritcr uti ali- 
 quo: have thou nothing to do ivith an 
 inquisitive man, percontatorem fagito, 
 Hor. : / have nothing to do with him, 
 luihi cum illo nihil est, Cic. : what have 
 J to do with thee, quid mihi et tibi est? 
 Vulg. Ill, As auxiliary verb; not 
 expressed unless emphatic in Eng., 
 when it may often be rendered by vero : 
 / do really wish, ego vero cuplo, Cic. : 
 when in Eng. the auxiliary stands alone, 
 in Lat. the verb is often expressed : do 
 you believe f I do, credisne } credo : v. 
 lES, INDEED. When do expresses urgent 
 entreaty, it may often be expr. by 
 amabo : do assist me, amabo, adjuta me ! 
 Ter. ; Cie. : or by quacso, obsecro (v. 
 prat) ; and sometimes by quin (v. just, 
 adv.). IV. intvaus., to be getting 
 
 on, m circumstances or health : P h r. : 
 how do you do, deareyt friend, quid agis, 
 dnlclssime, rerum .' Hor. : they are doing 
 well, bene est illis, Cic. : Hor. : simly is 
 used bene habere (Gr. eu ex*'*')- P'- • 
 Cic. : may you do ivdl, bene rem geras ! 
 
 Hor. V- ^^ succeed, answer ivell 
 
 1. fScio, 5 (of medicines) : Plin. : 
 V. supr. (I., Phr. fin.). 2. respondeo, 
 2 (of crops) : v. to answer (111.). VI. 
 Te be enough, satisfactory : J, expr. 
 by satis, sat; it would have done tiell 
 enough, satis erat (with inf.), Cic. : it 
 doesn't do for poetry to be merely pretty, 
 non satis est pulchra esse puemata, Hor. : 
 Hold ! that 'II do, Ohe Jam satis, Hor. 
 
 2, in accepting an offer, expr. by 
 bgnigne : just take as many as you 
 please , thank you, that will do, at tu 
 quantumvis toUe :— Benigne, Hor.: PI. 
 Phr.: come, that won't do, *at id non 
 est ferendum ! non patiar ; indigna 
 facis. VII. ^^ iio^pose upon (vulg.) : 
 Iftdiflcor, verba do, etc.: v. to cheat, 
 
 FOOL. 
 
 do away with : toUo, absico, dls- 
 
 solvo, etc.: v. tc abolish. 
 
 for : >• ^- *" sHtle, destroy : con- 
 
 f Icio, perdo : v. to destroy, disable. 
 
 UP (colloq.): i. e. to fasten up : 
 
 collTgo, constringo : v. to tie op, 
 fasten dp. 
 
 without: cireo, 2 (withabi.): 
 
 V. to dispense with. 
 
 docile: 1. docIUs, e: V. teach- 
 able. 2. facilis, e (in wider sense, 
 easy to infiuence): d. temper of young 
 {cattle), juvenum faciles animl, Virg.: 
 Cic. 8. mobilis, e : Virg : v. pliant. 
 
 4, tractabilis, e (easily managed) : Cic, 
 228 
 
 docility : 1. dCeilitas : Cic. : Suet. 
 
 2. facllitas (v. docile, 2); Quint. 
 
 3. by circumL, docilis animus, fa- 
 cile ingenium, etc. : v. docile. 
 
 dock (subs.): I. A station for 
 
 ships : navale, is, n. (oftener pi.) : d.s, 
 harbours, aqueducts, navalia, portus, 
 aquarum ductus, Cic. : a dry d., siccura 
 n., uv. Vitr. has gen. pi. navaliorum. 
 II. The place where a criminal 
 stands for trial : perh. cancelli : v. bar. 
 Ill, y''« plant: rumex, icis, /., 
 Plin. ; or perh. lapathus or lapathum, 
 Virg. Col. 
 
 dock {v.) : I. To put up in dock : 
 subdaco, xi, ctum. j (to haul up a vessel 
 anywhere): Liv. ||. To cut shoj-t-: 
 1. curto, I : Hor. : Pers. : v. to 
 curtail. 2. praecido, }: v. to cut 
 OFF : v. foil. art. 
 
 docked (paH. adj.): curtus: a d. 
 (prob. (/elded) mule, c. mulus, Hor. 
 
 docket (snbs.) : I. A note or ticket 
 attached : perh. tltfllus, libellus, v. bill 
 (IV.). II, An alphabetical list of per- 
 sorts who have suits: perh. *libeirus or 
 breviarium (index) causarura; v. sum- 
 mary. Phr.: to strike a d., *aliquem 
 ut solvendo imparem (non solvendo) 
 deferre (R. and A.). 
 
 docket ("■) ■■ * titulum addo, ad- 
 jicio (.'). 
 
 dock-tailed : (?) curtus : v. docked. 
 dock-yard: navalia, ium and iorum, 
 n. pi.: V. DOCK, 
 
 doctor (subs.) : I. One qualified 
 to teach, hence, as title of honour: doc- 
 tor : d. in theology, medicine, philosophy, 
 theologiae, niedicinae, philosophiae d., 
 M. L. : to be made a d., in doctoruni 
 ordinem ascribi, doctoris nomine insig- 
 niri, nomen et dignitatem doctoris adi- 
 pisci (Kr.) : to obtain the degree of d. of 
 law with great honou", magna cum 
 laude gradum doctoris juris adipisci 
 (Wyttenb. in Kr.). jj. A practitioner 
 in medicine : me^icus (f. m8dica, Inscr.) : 
 to call in the d., m. iidducere adaliquem, 
 Cic. ; arcessere, Pi. 
 
 doctor (v.) : 1. ciiro, I (the usual 
 word to denote medical treatment) : v. 
 TO TREAT. 2, niedicamenta alicui do, 
 praebeo: v. medicine. 3. mgdicor, 
 I (both lit. and fig. : usu. with dat.) : to 
 d. old men, senibus m., Virg. : to d. 0)ie- 
 self (fig.), sibi ra., Ter. 
 doctoral : gen. of doctor, 
 doctorate J*doctoris gradus, dig- 
 doctorship f nitas, nomen. 
 doctoress : medica : v. doctor. 
 doctrinaire : * homo praeceptis 
 (axioinatis) quibusdam politicis plus 
 aequo deditus. 
 
 doctrinal : now used only with ref. 
 to theology : *doctrinalis, e : theol. t. t. 
 Phr.: d. wi-itings, *libri de doctrina 
 Christiana script! : d. preaching, *ora- 
 lionis id genus quod id agit ut doctrina* 
 Christianas niagis quam praecepta vilae 
 saiictae inculcet. 
 
 doctrine : i. a thtory or opinion 
 formally enunciated : 1. dogma, 
 
 atis, n. (Gr. Soy^a) : Cic. : Juv. 2. 
 placitum : d.s oi physicians, medicorum 
 placita, Plin. (Cic. has only the verb : 
 it is a d. of the Stoics, placet (Sokci) 
 Stoicls, with ace. and inf.) 3. *doc- 
 trina: a most salutary d., d. saluber- 
 rima, Corp. Coiif. : also collectively. 
 Christian d., d. Christiana, Corp. Coiif. 
 (N.B. In these senses not class.) See 
 also opinion, precept. || A system 
 of doctrines : 1, ratio : the d. of the 
 Stoics. Stoicomm r., Cic. 2. disci- 
 plina (an entire body of teaching) : to be 
 laid drnvn by particular systems of phi- 
 losopliical d., a singulis philosophiae 
 disciplinis did, Cic: v. discipline, 
 school. 3. *doclrina (theol. i. f.): v. 
 supr. (3). 
 
 document : 1. tabula : public 
 
 d.s (records), t. publicae, Cic. 2. in- 
 strQmentum (a formal paper, a deed) : 
 a d. pertaining to a suit, litis iiist.. 
 Quint. : Scaev. Dig. 3. litgrae, arum : 
 a public d. [an inventory] preserved in 
 the treasury, 1. publicae in aerario con- 
 ditae, Cic. 4. expr, by scriptus : evei-y 
 
 kind of d., "quodcunque genus scripU 
 libri : the d. ran thus, scriptum erat hoc 
 modo (based on Cic). 
 documentary : gen. of tabulae, etc. 
 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 dodder : *cuscuta (Europaea, With.) 
 
 dodge (^'•) •■ !•_ '^''> ^'""^ * P'"-^' 
 
 suer : 1. eludo, e labor, j (the former 
 only with ace. of object) : v. to eludk. 
 2. declino, i (to turn a little aside, 
 and so avoid) : to try to d. the noose oj 
 justice, laqueos judiciorum d., Cic: v. 
 to AVOID. II, To shuffle, act slyly 
 and dishonestly : tergiversor, i : Cic. : 
 
 Liv.: V. TO SHUFFLE, IMPOSE UPON. 
 
 dodge (suiis.): i. e. o trick: d&lus, 
 tricae, praestigiae : v. trick. Phr.: to 
 tri/ on some d., aliquid lallaciae conari, 
 Ter. 
 
 dodger : i. e. o sly rogue, vgterator, 
 praestlgiator : v. kogue, trickster. 
 
 dodo: *didus. 
 
 doe: I. A female deer: cerva: 
 Virg. : Plin. ||. The female of a rab- 
 bit : cuniculus feniina : v. female. 
 
 doer : 1. actor : a d. of deeds, a. 
 rerum, Cic. 2. auctor (rare in this 
 sense) : the narrator and the d., scriptor 
 et auctor rerum. Sail. 3. factor (not 
 class, in this sense) : the d. of the work, 
 f. operis, Vulg. Jac. i, 25. 4. more 
 freq. expr. by verb: the d.s of great 
 deeds, qui magna (magnas res) fecerunt, 
 etc. 
 
 iog (subs.): \, The animal: 1, 
 canis, is, c. (mostly/, when used generi 
 cally) : to keep d.s, canes alere, Ter. : he 
 ilelights in hmses and d.s, gaudet equis 
 canibusque, Hor.: hunting d.s, c. vena- 
 tici, Cic. : to hunt the hare with d.s, 
 canibus venari leporem, Virg.: to set on 
 d.s, canes immitlere, Virg. : a Molossian 
 d. (a famous huniing-hound), Molossus 
 c, Hor. Hence Molossus is often used 
 subs, in the poets, as, acer Molossus, 
 Virg. JJimin. of canis, canicula, a small 
 d., Plin. ; but usu. employed in different 
 sense : v. dog-star. 2. catiilus, /. 
 catula (strictly, a young d., a whdp, 
 q. V.) : trusty d.s, c. fideles, Hor. Dimin. 
 catellns, /. catella, esp. a pet dog, PL : 
 Hor. Phr.: belonging to a d., caninus: 
 a d.'s skin, pellis canina, tcrib. : the d.'s 
 letter (r), liltera c, Pers. : d.'s flesh, catu- 
 lina, Plin. Fig.: those things may go 
 to the d.s for aught I care, per me ista 
 pedibus trahantur, Cic: go to the d.s 
 with you. abin' hinc in malom crucem, 
 PI. : of similar force l)Ut less colloq., 
 perire, pessum daii or ire, in pejus 
 ruere : v. to ruin. ||. F i g. : a morose 
 churlish person : canis: Ter.: Hor. In 
 milder sense, a wicked dug, improbus, 
 Hor. Ill, The constellation : canis : 
 V. dog-stab. 
 
 dog (v-)- 1. investigo, indago, i. 
 V. TO trace, track. 2. insgquor, 
 ciitus, J: V. TO puRsuK: the same for- 
 tune d.s the men, eadem forlnna viros 
 ins., Virg. Phr.: to d. a person, ali- 
 cujus vestigia calcare, Sen. : to d. the 
 enemy's steps, vestigiis sequi hostem 
 Liv. : Marcellus d.'dhis steps, Marcellus 
 vestigiis instabat, Liv. 
 dog-briar : v. dog-bose. 
 dog-cheap (adj.): pervUls, es Liv.: 
 v. cheap. 
 
 dog-collar: 1. collare, is, v 
 (used tu protect the necks of animaU 
 from wild beasts) : Vurr. 2. niae- 
 lium; also melluni, millus (spiked): 
 Varr. 3. arniilla (.'): the subs, is not 
 found in this sense, but Prop, has armil- 
 lati colla canes, collared dogs, 4 (5), 
 
 8,24- 
 
 dog-day: dies canicularis, Pallad, 
 the d.s Caniculae flagtantis hora, Hor. 
 
 dog-fancier: *qui canibus alendis 
 studet. 
 
 dog-fish: 1. canis m&rina, Plin. 
 2. I anicula, Plin. 
 
 dog-fl' : *musc;i canicularis, Linn. 
 
 dogged : pervlcax : v. obstinate. 
 
 doggedly : pervlcaciter : v. OESTI- 
 
 N AT ELY. 
 
 doggedness: pfrvicacia: v. oBsn» 
 
 KACY. 
 
 doggerel , perh. nenia (or nacnia'
 
 DOGGISH 
 
 DOMINATE 
 
 DOCK 
 
 cf. Hor. Ep. I, I, 62: or by circuml., 
 versus inepti; versus inculil et male 
 nail, Hur. (bcul verses of any kind). 
 dogitish: 1. caninus: Uv. 2. 
 
 <^lCUS V. CURKISII, CYNICAL. 
 
 dog-Rrass : •trilleum caiiinum, Linn. 
 
 dog-nead l* plant): cynOcfiplialia, 
 Plin. 
 
 dog-headed : epith. of a kind of 
 apes, cyiKKi'phrili, I'llii. 
 
 dog-kennel; (canis) cttblle, Phaedr. 
 
 dog-Latin : in CJerm. kUchen-latein, 
 kiMien-latin, hence, l.aliniUis in culina 
 nata, Erasm. ; culinam redulens, Jan. 
 (Kr.) 
 
 dog-like (jxdv.) .- cinailm (better 
 canuni riiu), NiRld in Nun. 
 
 dog-loase: ricinus, IMin. 
 
 dogma: dugma, placiium: v. doc- 
 trine (1.). 
 
 dogmatic \ I. I'erlaining to 
 
 dogmatical ) dogmas .• dog^laticu:^ : 
 Ausun. II. I'rone to dogmatism: in 
 this sense usu. dogm.vtic.vl. I'hr. : a 
 d. person, *qul sententlas suas ut ma- 
 gister (auribus) inculcal; qui alienam 
 sententiam non patiiur. 
 
 dogmatically : i' h r. : to talk d., 
 
 *arroganter et quasi quis magister artis 
 suae esset loqui ; sententias suas prae- 
 cipienlis niodo inculcare ; aliter senti- 
 entes non pati ; v. dogmatize. 
 
 dogmatism : nearest word prob. 
 arrSgaiilia. More fully, *arrotfaniiae 
 genus a scbolis petituni, quod in sen- 
 tentii» proferendls cernitur; arrogantla 
 quasi praccipientls. 
 
 dogmatist: I. One who deals 
 
 vnth dogmas, dogmatistes, ae : Hier. 
 
 II. A dogmatical person : v. dog- 
 
 UATIZER. 
 
 dogmatize : I. To lay dotvn 
 
 dogmas : dugmatizo, 1 (=dogniata trade, 
 dogmatuin auctor sum), Aug. ||, To 
 speak in an arrogant, positive manner. 
 P h r. : / am afraid of seeming to d., 
 vereor ne quasi praecipientis cujnsdam 
 et docentis esse videatur oratio, Cic (in 
 R. and A.) : to fall into a d.ing strain, 
 ad praeciplendl rationem delabi, Cic. 
 
 dogmatizer : *qui praecipiendi ra- 
 tionem amat ; qui omnia affirmat quasi 
 magister esset artis; homo arrugans in 
 disputationibus, sententiarum alienarum 
 impatiens. 
 
 dogs' -meat : *canuni cibns. 
 
 dog-rose : 1. cynosbatos, i, /. : 
 Plln. 2. riibus c&ninus: Pall. 3. 
 cynacantha: Plin. 
 
 dog-star : 1, canis, is, c. : Virg. 
 
 2. canicula (strictly the bright star 
 in the constellation called also Sirius) .- 
 five blazing d., flagrans c, Hor. : Ov. 
 
 3. Sirius (V. supr.) : Virg. : Tib. 
 
 4. Prdcyon, onis, m. (strictly the 
 lesser dog-star, canis minor or antecanis, 
 which preceded the rising of canicula) : 
 Hor. 
 
 dog-tooth : dens caninus, Plin. ; who 
 has also, (Icntes e canibus cognominati. 
 dogtooth-grass: dactylus: Plin. 
 dop-WOOd : cornus, i, /. : v. CORNEL. 
 doily: niappa: V. NAPKIN. 
 doing (subs.): factum, facinus: v. 
 
 DEED. 
 
 dole (.subs.) : i. e. a (small) portion 
 served out: no exact word: o daily d. 
 (of provisions), diurnus cibus or victus; 
 also diurna, neut.plur. (esp. of a slave's 
 allo^vaiKe): v. daily: the d. of food 
 taken home from another man's tabU, 
 spnrtiila, Juv. : the (paltry) d. of a 
 Cruit or a worthless coin, quadra panis 
 ant dtips aeris abjicti, Sen.: see also 
 
 A..-.S, GRANT (sub.':,). 
 
 4ole out : i. e. to distribute in small 
 jortions ; parce s. mallgne divido, do, 
 dlspertio. partior: v. stingily and to 
 
 DISTRimiTE. 
 
 doleful : 1. flfbllis, e : d. strai7is, 
 f. nioiii, Hor.: v. lamentable. 2. 
 lugubris, e : v. mournful, sorrowful. 
 3. moeslus: v. disci>ns<ilate. 
 
 dolefully : moeste, fleWlUer (poet, 
 fieblle): V. mournfully, sadly. 
 
 dolefulness: moestltia, misera et 
 flebilis spScies (Cic), moeror, eic. : v, 
 
 SADHGSS, GRIEF. 
 
 doll: 1. pupa: to jiUxy unth d.s. ! 
 blandiri in pupis, Hier.: a d. nuidv an 
 offering to Venus, Venerf donaia p., 
 Pecs. (The masc. pupils dues not ap- 
 pear to be found in this s<'iise.) 2. 
 piipiilus, Amob. See also image. 
 
 dollar : *lhalerus (Germ, reiclislhakr 
 or rix-diillar) : Kr. 
 
 dolorous : moestus, flebnis, lugubris : 
 
 V. JIOUHNKLL, SAD. 
 
 dolour : dolor, moeror, luclus : v. 
 
 GRIEK. 
 
 dolphin : delphinus, Cic. ; also del- 
 pliin, injs, m., Ov. 
 
 dolt : caudc.x, icis, m. Join: caudex, 
 asinvis, pUunbeus, Ter. : v. ulo<:khkad. 
 
 doltish: stultus, stOlidus: V. sTui'iD. 
 
 domain: 1. regnum (only to be 
 used with reference to a king of some 
 kind) : in I'rusias's d., in regno Prusiae, 
 N ep. : Cic. : were ice not heie in your d. 
 (tig.), nisi hie In tuo r. essenius, Cic. 
 Or. I, 10,41. 2. dilio, onis,/. (entire 
 control): v. power. Phr. : the d. land, 
 ager publicus, Cic 
 
 dome : I. -^ny large building : 
 
 " in those d.s where Caesars mice held 
 sicay " (Goldsmith), 'in regiis illis 
 Caesarum molibus. ||. A rounded 
 
 building: pgtasus, tholus : v. cui-oLA. 
 
 domestic (<«&■) •■ I. HeUmging to 
 the family: \, donieslicus : d. grief, 
 d. luctus, Cic: d. religious ceremonies, 
 d. religio. Suet. ; d. and public affairs, 
 d. et publica, Cic. 2. familiiirls, e : 
 d. cares, curae f, Tac : in-door d. life, 
 interior et f. vita. Suet.: v. family. 
 Phr.: outside the d. circle, extra do- 
 mum, Cic. : he !:hared with him the d. 
 circle, quicum domus fult [et militia] 
 communis, Cic. : straitened d. circum- 
 stances, res angusia domi, Juv. ||, 
 Internal, as of a kingdom : 1. do- 
 mestlcus: to defend the city from d. 
 plots, urbem a d. insidiis defendere, Cic. 
 2. intestinus : v internal. |||. 
 Fond of home l{fe : perh. frugi : (i'e- 
 nelope) so d. and so chaste, tam frugi 
 tamque pudica, Hor.: *diligens rerum 
 domesticarum ; quae domi manere po- 
 tlus quam foras cursitire solet. |V. 
 Of animals kept about tlie farm house : 
 1, villatlcus : d. foivl, v. gallinae, 
 Varr. : Col.: o d. hound, canis v., Col. : 
 Plin. 2. c6hort51is, e (kept in the 
 court or farm-yard) : d. birds, c. aves, 
 Col. 3. doniesticus (rare); d. quad- 
 rupeds, d. quadrupedes, Cels. (R. and 
 A.). 
 
 domestic (Subs.) : i. e. a house- 
 servant : lainulus. /. faniula ; ancilla : 
 v. .servant, maid-servant. 
 
 domestically: quod ad domum at- 
 tinet: v. iiomk.stic (adj.). 
 
 domesticate (''•): i. e. to accustom 
 animals to live tcith men : assucfacio, 
 feci, factum, } (In pass, assuesco : with 
 some defining words) : the bison cannot 
 be d.d and tamed, even when caught 
 young, uri assucscere ad homines et 
 mansuefieri, ne parvl quidem excepti 
 possunt, Caes. : v. to accustom, to 
 
 TAME. 
 
 domesticated (part, adj.) .- v. vj- 
 mestic (HI., IV.X 
 
 domicile : dOmlcIUum, dOnms ; V. 
 abode, home. 
 
 domiciliary : Phr.: to make d. 
 visits of inspection, *viEere ac per do- 
 mos inspicere Incolas. 
 
 dominant (adj.) ; Phr.: the oli- 
 garchy became d., paucorum potentia 
 crevit. Sail. : the influence of the senate 
 toos d., senatus nuctoritas maxima (erat). 
 Sail. : the plebeian order became the d. 
 one, *pU'b8 potenlior facta est; plebl 
 potentia In manus venit: the d. party 
 in the senate, *qui in senalu auctorilate, 
 dignitiite, amplitudine (sua) pollebant; 
 or simply potentiores. To be d., (16m- 
 inor, 1 : v. to dominate. 
 
 dominant (subs.) : mus. 1. 1. : •dOm- 
 inaiis, mis, m. (sc. sonus). 
 
 dominate : 1. dOmTnor, t-. to d 
 at the bar, in Judlcils d.. Cic. : to d. over 
 one's own people, d. in suos, Cic. : v. to 
 PREVAIL. 2. regno, I : v. to rfjok, 
 RULE. 3. praeviileo, ui, 2 : v. to 
 
 prevail. 4. by circuml., plus pos- 
 sum, potenlior «. superior sum (ago): 
 V. powerful. 
 domination : dOmlnatio or dOmiDa- 
 
 tUS, lis: V. KtJLE, SWAT 
 
 domineer: 1. in pJrito, i (wUh 
 dot.): cocks d. over Uicir kind, galli 
 gallinacei iniperiiaiit siio generi. I'liii. : 
 to d. arrogantly over Uie vanquuhed, 
 superbe victis imp., i..iv. 2. regno, i 
 (a Aord often used offensively ol indi- 
 viduals who exerted ezcutsive or uncon- 
 ttitutii/nal potcer) : Cic : LI '. 3. 
 (supirb«-) doiuliior, t : v. to dominate. 
 
 domineering (adj.) .- 1. impe- 
 
 riosus: a must d. and haughty family, 
 familia imperiosisslma el ^up•'rbi.sejma, 
 Li\'. 2. superbus, arrOgans : v. 
 
 HAUGHTY", ARROGANT. Phr.: to beliave 
 
 in a d. Tnanner, 'imperiose, superbe at- 
 que urroganter se gerere: v. iiau<.htilv. 
 
 dominical: 0" the Calendar; dii- 
 minlcus, Aug. (in diff. ^ellse). 
 
 dominican : ' 'oiiiiiiii.aiius, mona- 
 chus e.\ ordine I)omiiiicaiioriim (Ivr.). 
 
 dominie : magister, paed^Ogus : v. 
 
 aCH(>(>l.MA.-TER. 
 
 dominion : I. Sovereign power : 
 ditiu, iiiiiicnum, pfttesias ; v. altho- 
 RITV, POWER. IJ. In pliir.. (/i« rryiutit 
 ruled over: 1. inipCrium : the ex- 
 tension of the boundaries uf the dj (ot 
 Rome), hnium imperii propagallo, Cic. : 
 V. EMPIRE. 2. regnum : the dj of 
 Jugurtha and Bocclius,JugiiTlhae Boc- 
 chique r., Sail.: poet, often pi., Hor.: 
 Virg. 3. expr. by verb : the quon- 
 dam ds of fierce Lycurgus, (lerra) acri 
 quondam regnala Lycurgo, Virg. 
 
 don : i. e. a person of importance : 
 homo potens, uobllis; v. grandee. 
 
 donation : 1. donatio, dOnum ; 
 
 V. OUT. 2, StlpS, StlplS, /. : v. 
 
 alms. 
 
 donative : 1. donstivum (given by 
 anperors to thfir soldiers) .- Suet. : Tac. 
 2. congiarium (also used of otiier 
 presents : strictly, a present of a con- 
 gius apiece ; hence esp. of presents i-i 
 kind) : Liv. : Quint. 
 
 done (part, of TO do). Phr.: no 
 sooner said tlian d., dictum factum. 
 Ten: the d/m-ry is ten talents: — done. 
 doe est decem talenta : — accipio, Ter. 
 with emphasis, en dcxlram (R. and 
 A.): well done.' euge .' macte viriuie : 
 (v. WELL) : have d. with fear, omitte 
 timorem, Cic : ah '. have d, ah ! desine ! 
 Ter. 
 
 donjon : *locus intra arcem munitiii- 
 simus. 
 
 donor : 1. donator, /. donalrix. 
 Sen.: Paul. Dig. 2. *auctor muneris 
 *'. beneficii. 3. expr. by do, dOuo to 
 be grateful to the d., 'eum qui deilit 
 graiibus persequi : the d and receiver 
 are alilce honoured, *danti acclplentique 
 aequus honos. 
 
 doodle (vulg.): stultus: V. SIMPLB- 
 
 TON. 
 
 doom (subs.) : fatum, e.xUium, ex- 
 itus : V. fate. Phr.: (i7/ the crack if d., 
 •usque ad fatalem illani muiidi ruinam; 
 dunce frartus collabeiur orhis. 
 
 doom (v) : darano, condemnor i : v. 
 to condejin. 
 
 doomed (part, adj.) : 1. fatalia, 
 e: V. FATED, DESTINED. 2. debltUS : 
 
 d. to die, falls debif.is, Virg. Slmly, 
 ice are d. to die, debeinur morli, Hor. 
 I' h r. : d. to die, morilurus. Hor. ■ so it 
 was d. to be. sic placiium (diis). Virg. 
 
 doomsday-book: •liber censualll 
 regiii Anglici a Gulielmo primo con- 
 fectiis (R. and A ). 
 
 door : 1. janua (esp. the front d 
 of a house) : to fasten the d. i< iM a boll 
 Januae pessuluni I'bdere, Ter. : with tki 
 bar, aiiuam obserare, Ter. : to uTiboU a 
 d., J. reserare, Ov. to inquire for anj» 
 one at the d.. quaerere aliquem a j., Cic. : 
 to jefuse admittance by the d, janu4 
 prohibere, Sail. Fig.: the d. of the 
 mind, animl J.. Cic : J have entered on 
 the cause hy a d. In/ irhich I n ished not, 
 qua nolui janua sum Ingressuslncausam, 
 Cic. 2. f5ris, is; u.<u. pi. f. (the 
 door or leaf if a door itself, whcre«8 
 229
 
 DOORKEEPER 
 
 DOU BLE-LOCK 
 
 DOT7BTPnLl,T 
 
 janua is the entire doorway the door- 
 way of any building or chamber of con- 
 sequence coiisisied of tivo l^eaves) . the 
 d. creaked (prior to the exit of some 
 person), crepuerunt fores, Ter. (also 
 crepuit foris, of ime Ifuf, PL) t/ie key 
 is ill the d., foribus inest clavis, I'ib.: 
 he had shut tlix d. of hin Oed-ruom, claus- 
 erai forem (also fores. Suet.) cubiculi, 
 Cic. Fig.: tlie d. to an arc, lores artis, 
 Plin. 3. ostium (esp. of interval 
 
 doorways in houses; but also in gen. 
 sense).' to knock at the d., o. puliare, 
 Ter. : PI. : to shut a d., o. operire, Ter. ; 
 to Imt it, o. obserare, Ter. to Ml it, 
 ostio pessulum obdere, Ter.: to b'eak 
 open a d., o. effringere, Ulp : tlie front 
 d., o. anticum, Kest. : the txtckd., o. 
 posticum (also simply posiicum as 
 subs.), PI.: Hor. 4. valvae, arum 
 ( folding doors esp. of tem,ples or othn- 
 magnificent buildings): more magnifi- 
 cent {folding) doors never existed, v. 
 magnificentiures nunquam fulsse, Cic. : 
 ivory d.s, v. ebumae, 0^.: folding-d.s 
 with tivo laps, V. bilores, Ov. P h r. in 
 d.s and out of d.s, donii (intus) et foris, 
 PL- Cic: to tuim any one out of d.s, 
 extrudere aliquem foras (the latter form 
 implying motion toivards), Ter. • there's 
 the d. (turning a person out), exeundum 
 hinc foras, PI. . to turn out of d.s (6e- 
 ymid the threshold), eliminare, Pac. : 
 Pompon. : to turn a smi out of d.s (dis- 
 ou"n him), abdicare filium. i'lin. ■ to be 
 at the d. (close at hand), subesse, im- 
 pendere, imminere (v. to impend, be 
 near) : the blame dots not lie at his d., 
 is quidem in culpa non est [culpae af- 
 finis non est], Ter. . from d. to d., osti- 
 atim, Cic. tig., to open a d. to vyick- 
 edness, fenestrani aperire ad nequitiam, 
 Ter. : Suet. See also gate. 
 doorkeeper : 1. janitor, /. jani- 
 
 tris : PL : Cic. : applied to Cei'berus, 
 Hor. 2. osliiirius, Varr. : Suet. 
 
 door-post: posiis, is,/, (poet, often 
 used in pi. for the door or gateway it- 
 self): Virg. Vitr. 
 
 door-Slll : Hmen (inferum) : v. 
 
 THRESHOLD. 
 
 door- tax : exactio ostiorura, Cic. ; 
 ostiarium, Caes. 
 
 door-way ; Jinua, ostium, v. door. 
 Phr.; in the d., in limine v. thresh- 
 old. 
 
 doric : Dorirus, Virg. : Quint. Phr.: 
 to speak D., Dorice loqui. Suet. 
 
 dormant: 1. rgses, idls (lying 
 inactive) : d. feelings, resides aninii 
 Qdesuetaque corda], Virg. : tuning the d. 
 (long unplayed) strings, r. modulatus 
 iiervos, Claud.: v. iNACTrvE. 2. 
 
 perh. mortuus: d. (obsolete) kiws, m. 
 leges, Cic. 3, sgpultus (hidden and 
 unused) : d. virtue, s. virtus, Hor. 
 Phr.: to lie d., jacere : justice lies d., 
 jacet justitia, Cic. : thine art, Tiphys, 
 is d., ars tua, Tiphy, jacet, Ov. Tri.>t. 4, 
 ), 77; where vacat occurs in similar 
 sense. 
 
 dormitory : ctlbiciilum, donnltor- 
 
 ium: V. BED-CHAMBER. 
 
 dormouse: g'is, gllris, m., Van.: 
 Plin. 
 
 dorsal : dorsnalis, e, Apul. 
 
 dose (subs.) : no exact word . Phr.: 
 the largest d. of hellebore should be given 
 to 7ntse»s, danda est heneburi multo pars 
 maxima avaris, Hor. : a sufficient d. 
 ■will be a piece of the size of a bean, quod 
 fabae magiiitudinem impleat satis est, 
 Cels. : slmly, satis est devorasse, abunde 
 est sumpsisse (the quantity being men- 
 tioned), Cels.: in less precise use, to 
 take a d. of hemlock, cicutam haurire, 
 devorare, sumere : v. medicine : to give 
 a person a second d. of poison, aliquem 
 toxico repeiere. Suet. 
 
 dose ("•) •■ '• e. to give a number of 
 doses: Phr.: I have been bled and 
 d.d enough, *abunde (satis) mihi sanguis 
 missus, medicamenia sumpta. 
 
 dot (subs.); punctum: v. PorNT, spot. 
 
 dot ("•) •■ *punctum addo, impono, 
 superpnno. 
 
 dotolBb; 1. deliiaiio: that silliness 
 o^ old age which is called d., ilia senilis 
 130 
 
 stuUltia quae d. appellari solet, Cic 
 2. bfiniuui (old age as implying 
 decay) : v. oi.d-age. Phr.- in one's 
 d.. dellrus, Cic. to be in one's d., de- 
 lirare (with some word in the context 
 to determine that the folly of age is 
 referred to) an old man in his d., senex 
 delirans, I'er. 
 
 dotal : dotalis. e, Cic. 
 
 dotard : senex delirus, Cic. 
 
 dote upon : <16amo, depereo, etc. ■ v. 
 to love. 
 
 doting (ouij.) : delirus, Cia 
 
 dotingly : with to love, misere, per- 
 dite aniare v. to love. 
 
 dotted (i'art. adj.); distinctus (esp. 
 of the sky, with stars): v. studded. 
 
 double (a<i;'.) ■• |. r-o/oW: 1. 
 
 duplex, icis . to fortify a place vrith a 
 d. call, locum d. muromunire. Caes. : d. 
 leaves (i.e. divided), d. folia, Plin. 2. 
 aiiceps, cipitis (lit. two-hejided) : d. 
 lines (facing in tao directions), a. mu- 
 nimenta, Llv. ; v. twofold. 3. ge- 
 niinus (of things which naturally pair) : 
 the gates of sleep are d., sum g. sonini 
 portae, Virg. . out of a single match to 
 malce a d. one, ex unis geminas confic- 
 ere nuptias, Ter.: v. two. Phr.- to 
 see d., quae sint singula bina videre, 
 Ov. : a d. victory, victoria geminata, 
 Liv. II, As much again : 1, du- 
 plus: d. money, A. pecunia, Liv. Ksp. 
 in neut. as subs. : to become liable to 
 d. penalty, in duplum ire, dupli poenam 
 subire. Cic. 2. duplex, icis: d. pay, 
 d. stipendium, Caes. : d. aUonance of 
 com, d. frumentum, Liv. Phr.: a 
 soldier who receives d.pay. dupllcarius, 
 Liv.; duplaris, Veg. ; duplarius, Inscr. 
 III. Ambiguous : v. deceitful, 
 AMBIGUOUS. Phr.: ad. sense: ambig- 
 uitas verbi, Liv. 
 
 double (subs.): 1, duplum: v. 
 preced. art (II., 1). 2. (of a price): 
 dupla, Varr. 
 
 double (v): A. Trans.: |. 
 To make twice as great : 1. duplico, 
 I : to d. the number, d. numerura, Caes. 
 
 2. gSmino, I (chiefly poet): to d. 
 (live twice) ten years, decern g. annos, 
 Ov. : to d. the alarm, terrorem g., Flor. 
 
 II. ^o fol<i up : plico, replico, du- 
 plico, I : V. TO FOLD. III. To go round 
 a promontorj'. 1. flecto, xi, xum, ? : 
 to d. Cape Leucate, Leucaten f., Cic. 
 
 2. siipSro, I : tod. a cape, promont^ 
 orium 8., Tac. (N.B. Not in this sense 
 circumvehor, which is to sail all round.) 
 
 B. I n trans. : |. To increase 
 
 twofold : use verbs under (A, I) with 
 pron. refl., or as reflect, pass. : anxieties 
 d., duplicantur soUicitudines, Cic: the 
 capital d.s in a short time, ♦brevi dupli- 
 cat se caput (pecunia). ||. 7b run 
 backwards and fonvards : Phr.: he 
 d.d about, being a stranger and unac- 
 customed (to the country), ut peregrinus 
 et insueius, maeandros faciebat et gyros, 
 Amm. : V. DOUBLING (subs.) 
 double-barrelled : a d. gun, *scio- 
 
 petum duobus tubis instructuin. 
 
 double-dealer: simulator ac dis- 
 simulator, SalL (homo) duplex (poet.), 
 
 Hor. ; V. DECEITFUL, DOUBLK-TONGUED. 
 
 double-dealing (subs.) .- fraus, fai- 
 
 lacia (esp. in words) : v. deceit. 
 
 double-dealing (adj.) .- versiuus, 
 
 varius, duplex (poet.) : v. DF.CErrFUL. 
 
 double-dyed : bis tinctus, Hor 
 Fig.: ad. vil lain, l\on\o nequissimus, 
 *omni scelere ac flagltio imbutus . homo 
 flagitiis atque facinoribus coopertus. 
 Sail. : or the abst subs, flagitium, scelus, 
 may be used : see L. G. {^ 592, 610 : v. 
 
 VILLAIN, SCOUNDREL. 
 
 double-edged : v. two edged. 
 double-entendre : ambiguitas 
 
 verbi, Liv. (including any kind of 
 double meaning). 
 
 double-faced : I. n"i<A two faces : 
 
 bifroiis, mis; Virg. ||, Deceitful: v. 
 
 DECEn-FUL. 
 
 double-headed : biceps, dpttis : 
 
 Cic. 
 
 double-lock ('.)• Phr. d. the 
 door, occlude lores ambubus pessu- 
 lis. PI 
 
 double-meaning (subs.), amblgm- 
 
 tas V. AMBIGUITY. 
 
 double-minded : perh. muiabnia, 
 inconstans (v. fickle) . duplex anii]\(\ 
 Vulg. 
 
 double-quick: citatlssimo agmlne: 
 Liv. 
 
 double-tongued: Mlinguis, e: in 
 
 both lit. (Hor.) and fig. (Virg.j sense. 
 double-tooth : dens duplex : Plin. 
 doublet: perh. thorax, lorica: v. 
 
 BREAST-l'LATE. 
 
 , doubling (subs.) -. |. The act of 
 increasing twofold : 1, dupUcatio : 
 Sen. 2. geminatio : yuint. ||, 
 The act of running backwards and for- 
 wards ; usu. pi. : 1. maeandros, i: 
 uhat d.s did you not make, quos m. 
 [flexionesque] quaeslsti ! Cic. in Pis. 22. 
 5J. 2. flexio : Cic. (v. supr.). 
 
 doubly: 1. dupliciter: I ivas d. 
 (on tiro accounts) delighted with your 
 letter, d. delectatu> sum Uteris tuis, Cic 
 
 2. bis (in certain connexions only): 
 you are d. mistaken, bis falleris, Cic 
 Phr.: we have need to be d. cautious, eo 
 magis cauto opus est, Cic. 
 
 doubt ("•) : 1. dubito, 1 (with 
 ace. of neut pron. only) : is it not dis- 
 graceful to d. these things? haec nor 
 turpe est d. ? Cic. : / d. what to think, 
 dubito quid sentiam, Cic. : with ace. and 
 inf. : I d. not that there ivill be many, 
 non dubito multos fore, Nep.: after a 
 negative sentence foil, by quin : do not d. 
 that I will support you, noli d. quin te 
 sublevaturus sim, Cic. When in Kng. to 
 doubt is foil, by a direct object, in Lat de. 
 may be used : to d. any one's good will, 
 de alicujus voluntjite d.,Cic. : so in pass., 
 the authorship cannot be d.'d, de auctore 
 dubitari non potest, Quint. 2. sub- 
 diibito, I (to d. a little, have some slight 
 d. about : same constr. as preced.) ; Cic 
 
 3. pendeo, pgpendi, 2 (with animi. 
 animo ; or of several persons, animis . 
 to be in a state of anxious suspense) : 
 Cic. 
 
 doubt (subs.) : 1, dubitatio {as a 
 state of the mind) : without any d., sine 
 uUa d., Cic. : d. respecting tlie arrival of 
 the legions, d. adventus legionum, Caes. 
 Very often better expr. by verb: 1 have 
 no d., non dubito (quin); there can be 
 no d., dubitari non potest, etc: v. TO 
 doubt. 2. (objectively) neut. of du- 
 bius: icithout d., sine dubio, Cic: there 
 is no d. that, non d. est quin, Ter. : v 
 doubtful. 3. scrflpulus (a cause of 
 doubt or hesitation) : some d. was occa- 
 sioned in men's minds, injectus est 
 hominibus s. [et dubitatio quaedam]. 
 Cic: V. difficulty (11. 5). Phr.: to 
 keep a thing in d., aliquid in ambiguo 
 servare, Hor. : v. uncertainty. 
 
 doubter: qui dubltat; or in aU 
 cases except the nom. sing., pres. part, of 
 dubito- v. L. G. J6j8. 
 
 doubtful: I. In subjective sense; 
 feeling doubt: 1. diibius. I am, d. 
 what to do, d. sum quid faciam, Hor. 
 (more Cioeron., dubium raihi est, etc): 
 d. of safety, d. salutis, Ov. : Liv. 2. 
 incertus: v. undecided. Phr.: to be 
 d., duliitare, aninii pendere : v to doubt. 
 II. Objectively; occasioning doubt: 
 1, dubius : a d. victory, d. victoria, 
 Caes. it is d. which of us two is .... , 
 
 dubium (est) uter nostrum sit Qc 
 
 Join: dubium atque incertum, Cic; 
 dubium controversuraque, Cic. 2. 
 
 incertus : v. uncerta in. 3. ambiguus 
 (esp. of words or facts admitting a tiw). 
 fold explanation) : of d. disposition 
 (whether likely to be good or bad), am* 
 bigui ingenii, Plin. . d. offspring, a, 
 proles, Virg. : to leave d., in ambiguo 
 relinquere, Liv. 4. anccps, cipitis 
 (lit. two-headed; hence, having two 
 aspects or issues) : a d. point of law, Jua 
 a., Hor. : to fight a battle of d. issue, 
 ancipiti Marte pugnare, Liv. . cL fidelity, 
 a. fides, Curt. Phr.. to leave a matter 
 d., in medio relinquere . v. undecfded. 
 
 doubtfully: 1. dfibie (only In 
 objective sense) ; Cic 2. diibltantei 
 (hesitatingly) : Cic 3. ambigue v 
 AMBIGUOUSLY. Phr. to sjieak d.,'haie
 
 D <J U 15 T I N O L V 
 
 D O W N Y 
 
 DRAG ON 
 
 sltare, Cic. (v. to hesitate, falter): 
 to aTisuxr somewhat d , *non sine qua- 
 dam dubiiaiione responderc; quasi sub- 
 dubltanii'in n-s|K)ndi're. 
 
 doubtingly : dubitanter Cic. 
 
 doubtless : >^''if dubio, baud dubie, 
 niiiiiruin : v. uniiolhtkdly, (<)f)c<JL-BSE. 
 
 douceur : 1. mui'ii'*. nmnusculura : 
 V. PRESENT. 2. cur'>llarium {S(rme 
 present orer and altoi-e " lial vus to be 
 expected) : to culd this d., liuc c. num- 
 morum addere, Cic. Verr. 2, ?, 50, 118 : 
 Suet. : V. KKE. 
 
 dough: farina p.\ aqua subacta, Plin. 
 (Quich.). From the ci>nlPxt mussa 
 (hardly farina, a.s Kr.) may suffice, being 
 originally = Gr. jiafa. 
 
 doughy : *l'annae subartae similis. 
 
 doughty: slrenuus, annipOtens: v. 
 
 BRAVE, WARLIKE. 
 
 dove: cOluniba.Cic. : Hor. : eolumbu* 
 is also found, csp. of tlie mate, Hor. : 
 Col. As term ot endearment, my dove ,' 
 mea columba ! I'l. i'imin. cOlumbulus, 
 Cat. Young d.s, colunibarll pulU, Cic. : 
 as d,s dii, colunibatim, Anthol. 
 
 dove-coloured: loiumbinus: Plin. 
 
 dove-cot: 1. columbarium: Col. 
 2. columbarum cella: O'l. 
 
 dove-tail (.subs.) term in carpentry : 
 1. sgciiricula (of the shajie of a 
 small hatchet let in): Vltr. 2. sub- 
 sous, cudis,/. (duubk, ami W in on both 
 sides: wliereas the securlcula was 
 single) : Vilr. 
 
 dove-tail ( >•) : | . L i t. (v. preced. 
 art.) : securicula, subscude complngo, 
 pegi, pactum, }: Vitr. ||. Fig.: to 
 work one into the nther, fit in: Phr. : 
 horn uondrously tlieae /acts d. into each 
 otiier, •ut haec inter se quasi fabrorura 
 securiculls ac subscudibus compactae 
 congmunt alqne aptantur; or less ex- 
 actly, *quam mirabilem in modum haec 
 inter se omnibus partibus coliaerent. 
 
 dove-taUed : securicuiatus, Vitr. 
 In fig. sense, introduce the figure by 
 qaasi, *ut ex labrorum oflicina meta- 
 pboram petamiis. arcessannis. 
 
 dowager: *\iduad6taia; or simply 
 TJdua, when the context explains: v. 
 
 WIDOW. 
 
 dowdy (a4/0 ■ *niulier vestitu ha- 
 bituque vasta s. invenusta. 
 dower or dowry : dos, dotis, /. .- to 
 
 settle a d. on one's daughter, fillae d. 
 conficere.Cic. : to promisf a d.. d. dicerc, 
 Cic: Ulp. : also d. promittere (J'orm- 
 ally), Ulp. : to give a d., d. dare, Nep. : 
 to receive anything as a d., aliquid in 
 dotem accipere, Ov. : truenty talents d., 
 vigintl talenta dotis, PI.: to repay ad., 
 d. reddt-re : the d. reverts to the father, 
 d. ad patrem revertitur, Ulp. Having a 
 d., dotata, Cic: Hor.: pertaining to a 
 d., forming part of a d., dOlalis, e: PL : 
 Cic 
 
 dower (»•) : doto, i : Virg. (see also 
 subs.). 
 
 dowered (.part, adj.) .- dotata : Hor. : 
 Cic Fig.: d. mtk beauty, d. form&, 
 
 Ov. : V. ENDOWED. 
 
 dowerless: indotata: 'IVr. : Hor. 
 
 down (subs.) I. Soft feathers. 
 
 or a like substance .- 1. plunia to 
 sleep on d., in pluma dormire. Mart, r 
 (soft) d., mollis pi., Virji (for pluma 
 includes the whole of the plumage). 
 2. laniigo, inis,/. (d.-lilee hair): to 
 mark the chedcs n-ith dubious d., dubia 
 signare I. malas, Ov.: /lu if irldte xc-ith 
 soft d.. cana tenera L mala, Virg. 3. 
 lana (strictly wool : rare in this sense) : 
 the inner d. of the suan (softest d.), 
 interior cygni 1., Mart. 4. (of thistles, 
 etc) pappus: Plin. ||, A low hill: 
 tiimulus V. hill, rising-<:rocnd. 
 
 doWU ( P^ep.) : de (with abl.) : to 
 throw oneself d. a mountain, de monte 
 se praecipitare, Lucr. : to throw oneself 
 d. from a vail, de muro s-e dejicere, 
 Caes. Phr.: d. tlte stream, secundo 
 fiumine, Caes.: d. the Tilier, secundo 
 Tiberi, Liv. : also, prono amni (poet.); 
 Virg. : to tumble d. stairs, *scalis de- 
 volvi : he throns him d. the steps, eum 
 per gradus dcjicit, I,iv. : to go d. hill, 
 per pronum in. Sen. ; or simply de- 
 
 scendere : v. to go down, and dowk- 
 
 RILU 
 
 down (adv.): hiimi: v. (on the) 
 GBODNi). Usu. however this panicle 
 being attached to verbs is in Lat. expr. 
 by a prep, in composition : as, to flow 
 d., defiuo ; to run d., decurro ; to go d., 
 desceiido; to glide d., dcl»bor, etc.; 
 where see the ^everal verbs. Phr.: d. 
 in Hades, apud inferos, Cic. ; sub Oreo, 
 Hor : lower d. (of writing). Infra, in- 
 ferlus (v. BELOW) • d. with . . . ! perh. 
 tollite ! (v. AWAV wfth) to pay money 
 d., repraescntarc pecuniam. Suet. (v. 
 READY money) : lo tum everything up- 
 side d., ima summis mulare, Hor. (v. 
 CPSiDE): lo run up and d., sursum 
 deorsuni cursitare, Ter : to hit a man 
 'ihen he is d., *jaceiiiem ferire, plagis 
 afflcere to be d. in the world (tig.), 
 Jacere, Cic. 
 
 down-cast (part, and adj.): |. 
 Lit.: Jixed on the ground. 1. de- 
 jectus: d. eyes, d. in ti-rram ocull. 
 Curt. : until d. eyes, dejectus oculos. 
 Virg. : Ov. 2. demissus : with d. 
 
 liead, caplte demisso, Cic. : d.face, d. os, 
 Ov. • vith a. lo'iks (of a woman), de- 
 missa vultum, Virg. 3. projecius: a 
 d. countenance, p. vultus, Tac. ||. 
 Fig. in low spirits: 1. demi.ssus ; 
 to cheer the d. mind, erigere aiiiinuni d. 
 [et oppressum], Cic. v. crf.st-kallkn. 
 2. afflictus (prnttrated by iome 
 blow)': Join: (aegriindint-) afflictus, 
 debilitatus, Jacen», Cic. ; afBictus et 
 fractus (animus), Cic. 3. nioeslus, 
 moerens: v. disconsolate, sad. Phr. : 
 to Ix- d., Jacere, Cic. 
 
 downfall : 1. occasus, us : the d. 
 and destruction of the state, o. inier- 
 iiusque reipublioae, Cic. : the d. of Tioy, 
 o. Trojae, Virg. 2. ca-sug, us: v. 
 fall. 3. ruina (a suddm. violent 
 d.): v. Ri;iN, FALL. 4. exitium, ex- 
 
 ItUS: V. D^STR^^TION, END. 
 
 down-hearted : demisso, fracto 
 
 animo: v. downcast. 
 down-hill iaJj.) : 1. declivis, e 
 
 V. SLOIMNG. i, proclivis, e: V. DOWN- 
 
 WARD (culj.). 3. proiius: the last 
 
 part nf the road is d., ultima via p. est, 
 Ov. l.iv. I'hr. : plrasure is d. work, 
 in volupiates descendilur, Sen. Ep. I2}, 
 
 down-hill (a**!-') ■ expr. by adj. 
 under preied. art. : U) pull up horses gal- 
 loping d., in declivi loco incitatos equos 
 sustinere, Caes. : v. down (prep.) 
 
 down-right (adj)- I. Kxplidt, 
 
 to the point: direc'us, siucerus : v. 
 straightforward, siKCERE. ||. Sheer, 
 unquestionable: 1. meras (unmixed) : 
 this is d. venom (calumny), haec est in. 
 loligo, Hor. : d. Sullas, m. Sullae, Cic. : 
 d. prodigies, m. prodigia, Cic. 2. 
 germanus : / kitoiu I u-os a d. ass, scio 
 me asinum g. fuisse, Cic. 3. expr. 
 by adv. prorsus, plane, vero : not to do 
 this is d. negligence or laziness, 'quod 
 non facere prorsus negligentis aut pigri 
 est: v. ai.togkthek. 
 
 downright (adv.): |. In plain 
 terms, explicitly : aperte, sincere, ab- 
 scisse, sine fuco et fallaciis : v. straight- 
 forwardly, BLUNTLY. II. Positively, 
 completely : \, prorsus : / am d. 
 
 done for, p. peril, PI. : Cic. : v. alto- 
 gether. 2. plane: / vas d. hurt, 
 illud plane moleste tuli, Cic : to be d. 
 Hunting in common good-sense, plane 
 sensu communi carere, Hor. 
 
 downward (.o'lj)- 1. proclivis. 
 
 e: a d. rocul, p. via, l.iv. Fig. <i d. 
 and easy course, p. cursus et facilis, Cic. 
 2. declivis, e: v. sloping. 3. 
 pronus : V. downhill (adj.). 
 
 downwards : !• deorsum (some- 
 times used as disyll.): to be carried 
 straight d., directo d. ferri, Cic. : up- 
 ward and d.. sursum ac d., -Sen. 2. 
 pronus (cf. L. G. ^ 54?), per pronnni 
 (where the direction is doun an in- 
 cline): V. downhill. 
 
 downy: 1. plCinieus: o d. couch. 
 torus p., Ov. ■ a d. pilUnv, culcita p., 
 Cic. 2. plumOsus (cotxred with d.l: 
 d. leaves, p. folia, Plin. 3. lanuius 
 
 (covered with a kind of wool) : d. appla 
 I. mala, Plin.- Col. 4. l&nugliiosus 
 (like preced.): Plin. 5. laneus (io 
 same sense) : Plin. 
 
 dowry : dos, dotis,/.: v. dowhb. 
 
 doze: 1. dormlto, I : when I had 
 tupped and nas just d.-ing, coenato 
 mihi et Jam dormitantl, etc., Cic. 2. 
 oscito, I (n-ith mouth wide open) : Cic. 
 Dozing : semlsoiniius : Cic. 
 
 dozen : duOd^im, du6d£ni .- t, 
 
 TW KLVK. 
 
 doziness: somnSlentla: V. 6LEEPI. 
 
 NESS. 
 
 dozy : 1. somnlriildgus : a d. old 
 ap<, 8. senecttis, Cic 2 somnOlentus: 
 V. SLEEPY. 3. s^misomnus (halF' 
 
 ASLEEP) Cic. 
 
 drab (subs.): scortum, femina im- 
 pura. 
 
 drab (<'<y-)" perh. cinjreus, clnJr- 
 aceus (ofhen-hwid) : Plin. 
 
 drachm : drachma : used both as a 
 coin (Ter. : Cic.) and a neight ll'lin.). 
 
 draff: faex, quisquiliae : v. keklsk 
 (subs.). 
 
 draft : V. DBAtiGHT. (For o dm/ton 
 a banker, v. cheque.) 
 
 drag (subs.)- I, A clod-breaking 
 machine: trSha, trahga; rastrum : v. 
 HARROW. II A light vehicle: perb. 
 rheda or petorritum: v. carriage. 
 
 III. A grappling-instrument : bar- 
 p&go. uncus: v. grappling-ibon, iiojk. 
 
 IV. ^o"" slackening the speed of a 
 vehicle: sufflamen, inis, n.: v. break. 
 
 V. Anything which retards : Phr.: 
 to be a d. upon any one, tardare, retard- 
 are : V. TO retard. 
 
 drag (v.): I. Trans.: 1, 
 
 iraho, xi, cinm, } (in most senses of the 
 ling.): oxen d. vains. boves plaustra 
 tr., Virg. : to d. Hector round Troy, 
 Hectijra circum Pergama tr., Ov. : to d, 
 any one before the praetor, aliquero ad 
 praetorem tr., PI. : d.ing his weary 
 limbs along, aegra genua trahens Virg. 
 2. rapio, pui, pium, } (ivith sud- 
 denness or violence) : to d. a person into 
 court, aliquem r. In jus, Hor. ; into pri- 
 sim, in carcereni. Suet. See also foil, 
 art. II. In trans.: to hang to the 
 ground ; to become tedious : Phr.: to 
 prevent their tails d.ing. 'ne lis caudae 
 humi trahantur : letting his rot>e d. in 
 the dust, pulveream trahens pallam, 
 Ov. : the story d.s toward the end, *vx- 
 trema historia longius ducitnr, iu ut 
 legentibus taedium afferat : v. to drag 
 OK (II.) 
 
 about, or along: 1. ^^^o- 
 
 J : tliere tlie virgin daughter of I'riam 
 was d.'d along, trahebatur Priameia 
 Virgo, Virg.: v. TO DUAG(l./n.). 2. 
 tracto, I (freq. of trabo: hence to d. 
 about OT along ivith violence) : she wcu 
 d.'d along by the hair, tractata est comi?, 
 Ov. 3. rapto, I (to drag violently 
 about): Hector d.'d along by the car. 
 Hector raptatus bigis, Virg. 
 
 away : abstraho, abripio, } : V. 
 TO tear aw ay, hirry away. 
 
 down : detriho, t : tod any 
 
 one down from, a chariot, aliquem de 
 curru d., Cic. : v. to draw off. 
 
 forth, or out: 1. extraho, 
 
 J : to d. o net out of the water, rete ex 
 aqua ex., PI. : to d. a person out if a 
 hiding-place, aliquem e latebra ox. 
 Suet. Fig.: to d. forth crimes to light, 
 scelera [ex occultls tenebrisj in lucem 
 ex., Liv. 2. proiribo. j: to d. a 
 man forth by the hair, aliquem caplllo 
 pr., P"l. Fig.: tod. forth the perpetrator 
 of an abominable crime, auctorem iie- 
 landi facinoris pr., Liv. 3. prOripio, 
 J : he orders the man to be d.'d forth, 
 hominem proripl jubet, Cic. 
 
 on: I. Trans. : in fig. sense- 
 
 Pbr.: to d. on life, vilam trahere, 
 Virg. : to d. on an existence more bur- 
 densome than death, morle graviorem 
 vitam exigere. Sail. ||. 1 n l r a n s. : 
 also fig., to be prolonged tediously, tra- 
 hor, i : the affair d.'d on more slowly 
 than had been expected, res leotlus spo 
 trahebatur, Liv. ; so, mora qua bellam 
 trahebatur, Liv. 
 
 2JI
 
 D R AG A N T 
 
 DRAW 
 
 DRAW APART 
 
 dragant: agum; trSg^cantha, Plin. ; 
 also -um, Gels. ; dragantum, Veg. 
 draggle : ^- to drag. 
 draggle-tailed: perh. discinctus. 
 drag-net: 1. traguia: Plin. 2. 
 everriciilum, Varr. : Cic. (fig.)- 3. 
 verriculum, Val. Max. (Funda is a 
 casting-net.) 
 
 dragoman : 1. (?) interpres, etis, 
 m.: V. INTERPRETER. 2. perh. *dra- 
 gomannus (quern dicunt). 
 
 dragon : I. -^ nitmster so called : 
 draco, onis (rarely ontis), m. : Cic. : a 
 sAe-d., dracacna, Prise: Don.: v. SER- 
 PEKT. II, The constellaticm : 1. 
 draco : poet, in Cic. 2. anguis, is, 
 m. : Cic. 3. serpens, ntis : Ov. 
 
 dragoon {subs.) : i. e. o soldier who 
 fights either on horse or on foot : perh. 
 dimactia (" quos dimachas appellant . . . 
 equis vehebantur ; cum res locusque 
 posceret, pedestris acies erat," Curt. 5, 
 t}, ad init.). 
 
 dragoon ("■) : "militibus immissis 
 vexare ; militibus homines praedandos 
 omnique modo vexandos permittere. 
 drain (.subs.) -. 1. cloaca : V. sewer. 
 2. fossa incilis (for drawing off 
 water from lands) : to keep d.s cleaned 
 out, foesas inc. puras habere, Cato : Col. 
 The neut. form also occurs as subs. : to 
 open d.s, incilia aperire, Cato : to make 
 a d., incile ducere, Ulp. 3. colllciae 
 or colUquiae, arum : to draw off water 
 into a d., humorem in coUiquias deriv- 
 are. Col. 4. Slices, um, m. (= sulci 
 aquarii, Col. 2, 8: these appear to be 
 channels not closed at the top) : Col. : 
 Fest 6. fossa (where the context 
 would prevent ambiguity) ; v. ditch. 
 
 drain (v.). j. ?'o d^aiv off the 
 water from land : 1. sicco, i : to d. 
 marshes, paludes s., Cic. 2. incilibus 
 Uuctis humorem ex agris derivare : v. 
 preced. art. : paludis coUectum humorem 
 deducere.Virg.G. 1,114. ||. Todrink 
 tff at a draught : 1, haurio, si, stum, 
 ^■. to d. the foaming boid. spumantem 
 paleram h., Virg. 2. exhaurio, 4 : to 
 ii. a cup, poculum ex., Cic. Fig.: to d. 
 Vie treasurtj, aerarium ex., Cic. : to d. the 
 cup of wretchedness to the. dregs, *mise- 
 riasex. (Liv. hasex.Iabores, 21,21). 3. 
 exsicco, I : flagons d.'d dry, lagenae 
 exsiccatae, Q. Cic. : to d. golden goblets 
 of wine, aureis ex. vina culuUis, Hor. 
 4, ebibo, J : v. to dkink. 
 drainage: *humoris derivatio: V. 
 ro drain. P h r. : to look after the d. of 
 a field, *aquae ex agro derivandae iu- 
 cumbere ; restagnantem paludem deriv- 
 are, cf. Col. 12, IT, fin. (Deductio aquae, 
 as in Cic. Div. i, 44, 100, is the letting 
 iff of water from a nsei-voir or stream.) 
 drake : mas anas, atis ; v. duck. 
 P h r. : to play ducks and d.f, testas 
 super undas irrotare, Min. FeL : to play 
 ducks arul d.s with mie's money, *summa 
 lubidine divitias profundere ; pecuniam 
 trahere, vexare, cf. Sail. Cat. 20 : v. to 
 
 SQUANDER. 
 
 dram : i. e. a small draught, esp. of 
 spirits : perh. cyathus (the small vessel 
 used to fill drinking cups) : cf. Hor. Od. 
 J. 19, It- 
 dram-drinker: potor, potator, /. 
 pOtrix: i. e. an habitual drinker: v. 
 drinker. 
 
 drama: \. a (single) play -. 1. 
 fabiila: v. pi.av. 2. drama, atis, 
 
 n. : Auson. (Ijest confined to technical 
 use). II, 7'Ae drama: scena (strictly, 
 the scene) ■ Orestes oft treated in the d., 
 scenls agitatus Orestes, V'irg. : uorthy 
 of the d., scena [et pulpito] dignus, Plin. 
 Ep. ; to be devoted to the d., circa scenam 
 versari. Suet. : v. stage. 2. fabulac , 
 arum : a -people fond of the d., *fabulis 
 spectandis gens dedita. Phr.: the tragic 
 or comic d., tragoedia, comoedia : v. 
 tragedy, comedy. 
 
 dramatic : 1. dramaticus, Dlom. 
 (only as t. t.) 2. scenicus ; d. actors, 
 s. actores. Quint. ; s. artifices, Cic. 
 Phr.: to give a d. account of a thing, 
 aliquid ob oculos narrando proponere, 
 baud aliter ac si agatur, based on Cic. : 
 to be a distinguished d. poet, in scena 
 2JZ 
 
 florere, Gell. : d. representations, fabu.ae 
 (spectandae) : v. play.^ 
 
 dramatically: scenice: if in less 
 exact sense, velut scenice. Quint. 6. i, 
 
 dramatist: poeta scemcus, Varr. 
 But from the context, poeta is usually 
 enough, cf. Ter. prol. Andr. Phr.: 
 Wordsworth ivas a great poet, but not a 
 d.. *magnu8 erat poeta Wurdsworthius, 
 minime autem in scena (tragoedia) flor- 
 uit : the greatest d.s, *qui prae aliis in 
 scena eluxere. 
 
 dramatize: Phr.: to d. a story, 
 fabulam ad scenam componere, Quint. 
 
 drape : 1. amlcio, cui, ctum, 4 : 
 cf. Suet. Cal. 22 : simulacrum . . ami- 
 ciebatur quotidie veste, quail ipse ute- 
 retur. 2. ^elo, i : a d.d statue (of 
 Venus), velata specie Venus, Plin. : the 
 Greek custom teas not to d. (statues) at 
 all, Graeca res nihil velare, Plin. : 
 statues d.d or nude, *statuae velatae aut 
 nudae. 3. induo, i, iitum, i (with 
 abl. of the particular article of dress) : 
 statues d.d in cloaks, paenulis indutae 
 effigies, Plin. Ph r. : a d.d statue (of a 
 Roman), togata effigies, Plin. ; ivith the 
 under garment only, ttuiicatus, Plin. 
 
 draper: perh. Hnteo, Ouis: cf. PI. 
 Aul. 3, 5, J8; from which passage it 
 appears that the draper's business was 
 greatly subdivided. 
 
 drapery : esp. of statues .- 1, 
 amictus, us (the proper word to denote 
 clothing thrown over the person, outer 
 clothing): v. dress. 2. velamentum 
 or velamen, Tnis, n. (often pi.) : cf. Ov. 
 A. A. 2, 6u. Phr.: to be skilful in 
 7as d.s (of a sculptor), *vestes scite ex- 
 primere; vestium sinus rugasque scite 
 jmltari. 
 
 draught (subs): \. The action 
 
 of drawing ; esp. of cattle: Phr.: d.- 
 
 cattl^^, jumenta jugalia, Curt. : a horse 
 
 fitter for d. than fur riding, *equu8 
 
 vehiculo trahendo quam equiti vehendo 
 
 aptior. II, The act of drinking ; the 
 
 quantity drunk at once : 1, haustus, 
 
 us : a d. of uater, h. aquae, Ov. : d.s 
 
 from the Pindaric spri7ig, Pindaric! 
 
 ■fontis h., Hor. 2. poculum (strictly, 
 
 tlie dnnking vessel: in tliis sense mostly 
 
 poet.) : d.s of the Achelous (water), p. 
 
 Acheloia, Virg.: a love _d. (philtre). 
 
 amoris p.. Hor. 3. potus, us (both 
 
 the act of drinking and the d.): to snal- 
 
 low at one d., uno p. haurire, Plin. : a d. 
 
 of milk, p. lactis, Plin. : Cels. 4. 
 
 potio (like potus) : PI. : Cic. |||, 
 
 Contents of a fishing-net when drawn 
 
 out of the water: 1, bolus (/SoAos, 
 
 lit. cost) : to buy the d. (offish) for so 
 
 much, tanti bolum emere, Suet. 2. 
 
 jactus, as : with retis, Cels. Dig. : also 
 
 absol. when the context explains : Val. 
 
 Max. IV. Current of air: aura, 
 
 spiritus: V. current (111.). V. Of 
 
 ships, depth of water required to float : 
 
 Phr.: a vessel whose d. is 20 feet, 
 
 *navis quae viglnti pedes in altum 
 
 carina 'lescendit; quae baud minus vi- 
 
 ginti pedum aquae innatat: ships of 
 
 light d., naves actuariae, Caes. VI. 
 
 A copy : exemplum, exemplar : v. copy. 
 
 VII, Of troops : delectus, us : v. 
 
 LEVY. VIII. Sink: sentina, cloaca, 
 
 latrina : v. sewer. IX. for money : 
 
 deiegatio : v. cheque. 
 
 draught-board: abacus, tabiila(lu- 
 soria) : v. board (IV.). 
 
 draughts : latroclnium, latrunciili : 
 applicable to any kirul of game played 
 with " men " (v. chess) : or calculi, 
 counters : q. T. N.B. Certainly not duo- 
 decim scripta (R. and A.), though octo- 
 decim scripta would be agreeable to 
 analogy: cf. Quint. 11, 2, }8. 
 
 draughtsman: I. for playing 
 
 the game of draughts: latrunciilus 
 (mimic soldier), calciilus (counter) : v. 
 preced. art. ||. One wito is able to 
 draw : *qui figuitirum describendarum 
 peritus est. 
 
 draw: I. To pull steadily : 1, 
 traho, xi, ctum, } : to d. waggons, 
 plaustra tr., Virg. : the loadstone d.s 
 iron to it, magnes ferrum in se tr., Cic. : 
 
 to d. a sword from a wound, ferrnm e 
 vulnere tr., Ov. But traho is often used 
 of violent pulling : v. to deag. 2 
 duco, xi, ctum, J : (a road by which) tht 
 waggons had to be draun one by one 
 qua singuli carri ducerentur, Caes. : tc 
 d. a sword out of its scabbard, ferrum 
 vagina d., Ov. : Virg. 3. veho, xl 
 ctum, J (rare in this sense) : the car wai 
 d.n by uhite horses, currum vehebant 
 albentes equi. Curt.: Hor. j|. 01 
 
 fluids ; to lift by means of a vessel .- 
 
 1, haurio, si, stum, 4 : to d. water, 
 aquam h., Cic. : to d. from, a cask, de 
 dolio h., Cic. Fig.: to d. from the 
 Stoics' meU-springs, a fontibusStoicorum 
 h., Cic. 2. traho, xi, ctum, j : we 
 see warm water d.n (i. e. obtained) from 
 perennial spiings, videmus ex puteis 
 jugibus aquam calidam trahi, Cic. 3. 
 depiomo, psi, ptum, j (from a deep 
 vessel) : to d. wine from the jar, merum 
 d. diota, Hor. |||, By analogy with 
 (11.); to fetch, heave: 1. traho, }: 
 to d. deep sighs, penitus suspiria tr., 
 Ov. : d.ing one's last breath, Irahens ex- 
 tremum spiritum, Phaedr. : v. to fetch. 
 
 2, duco, 5 : to d. life and breath, 
 vitam et spiritum d., Cic. : Hor. : to d. 
 (suck) the breasts, ubera d., Ov. 3. 
 haurio, 4 : to d. blood (by a wound), 
 cruorem h., Ov. : to d. one's expenses 
 from the treasury, sumptum ex aerario 
 
 h., Cic. Phr.: to d. one's information 
 from reliable sources, aliquid certis 
 anctoribus comperire, Cic. : tliey drew 
 consolation from the fact that . . . , hoc 
 sibl solatil proponebant, quod, etc., 
 Caes. : / should d. consolation from my 
 very age, afferret mihi aetas ipsa sola- 
 tium, Cic. IV. ^'0 remove from the 
 sheath : Phr.: to d. one's sword, gladium 
 (or ferrum) destringere, Caes. : Liv. ; 
 stringere, Caes. : Liv. ; educere (with 
 or without e vagina), Cic. ; nudare, Ov.; 
 ensem recludere, virg. V. By rea- 
 soning : P h r. : to d. u conclusion, con- 
 cludere, colligere, conjicere, conjecturam 
 facere, v. to conclude, infer. VI. 
 To represent by lines : 1. delineo, i (in 
 outline) : tod. a likeness rm a wall, ima- 
 ginem in pariete d., Plin. 2. designo, 
 I (in outline): hed.s the outline of the 
 city with the plough, urbem designat 
 aratro, Virg. : poet., of repretentation by 
 painting: he d.s Europa deceiveii hy the 
 form of a bull, elut^am designat imagine 
 tauri Europara, Ov. : v. ro mark out. 
 
 3, describo, psi. ptum, j (esp., but 
 not solely, iif geometrical figuies) : to d. 
 diagrams in sand, geomeiricas formas 
 in arena d., Cic. : Liv. : to d. a person's 
 likeness accurately, recte d. alicujus 
 formam, PI. Phr.: to d. a face, linea- 
 menta oris effingere, Cic. : to d. the plan 
 of a portico, formam porticus scribere, 
 Plin. See also to padtt. N.B. For 
 to draw (fig.) by means of descriptive 
 words, V. TO delineate. VII. ^o 
 withdraw money from a banker by a 
 cheque .- Phr.: to d. a cheque for the 
 settlement of an account, delegatione 
 solutionem perficere. Sen. : to d. on a 
 banker, *argentarium delegare debit- 
 orem, cf. Dig. 46, 2, IJ (delego is to 
 assign another person to take one's duty 
 or liability) : I paid for her by d.ing a 
 clieque on my banker, pro istac rem solvi 
 a trapezita meo, PI. Miscell. Phr. : 
 to d. (cast) lots, sortiri, sortes ducere (also 
 sorte ducere), v. lots : to d. tears, lac- 
 rimas movere. Quint. ; lacrimas alicui 
 excutere (either by a sudden surprise or 
 against one's will), Ter. ; lacrimas elicere, 
 PI. : tod.a line, lineam ducere, Plin. . to 
 d. rein, i. e. for the purpose of stopping 
 one's horse, equum sustinere, Cic. (lora, 
 habenas adducere is to keep a tight 
 rein) : to d. teeth, dentes extrahere, 
 Plin.; dentes eximere, Cels. See also 
 foil. art. 
 
 draw along : pertraho, xi, ctum, } : 
 to d. a raft along to the bank, ratem ad 
 ripam perir., Liv. : v. to drag along. 
 
 apart, or asunder : 1. <U. 
 
 duco, xl, ctum, i : tod. the jaws asim» 
 der, OS d., Suet. : Plin. 2. disjiingo 
 sejungo, J : V. TO separate.
 
 DRAW ASIDE 
 
 DRAW-BRIDGE 
 
 DREADFUL, 
 
 draw aside : 1. seduco, ? : he 
 
 takes {mil) hand, he d.s me aside, dex- 
 tram prehendit, seducit (^scoisum du- 
 Cit), PI.: Cic. 2. abduco, J: to d. 
 any one aside from his allegiance, ali- 
 quem a fide ab., Cic: v. to seuuce. 
 3. sev6co, I : t. to call aside. 
 
 away : 1. abduco, j : v. 
 
 preced. art. 2. avOco, i : tod. awa;/ 
 Pompey from uni'/n uith Caesar, I'oni- 
 peium a conjunclione Caesaris av., Cic. 
 
 3. disiraho, \i, ctum, j : uhy 
 should I try to d. him away from him? 
 quid ego ilium ab eo d. coiier.> Cic. 
 
 4. averlo, ti, sum, i : to d. away 
 affections, animos a., Sail. See also, to 
 
 DRAW OFF. 
 
 back: I. Trans.: 1. 
 
 rgduco, } : they d. back the oars to their 
 breasts, remos ad pectora reducunt, Ov. 
 
 2. retraho, j : to d. back one's foot, 
 pedem r., Vlrg. : Ov. Phr. : they d. 
 l>ack their bristly lochs, horrentem ca- 
 pilium retro sequuntur, Tac. ||, I n- 
 trans. : to draw oneself back: 1. 
 pfidem rgrero, tuli, latum, j, irr. (of 
 troops) : exhausted with wounds they 
 began to d. back, defessi \Tiineril)us p. 
 referre coeperunt, Caes. : for which ref. 
 se, and gradum ref., also oaur. Join: 
 [paullatim] cfdere ac pedem referre, 
 Caes. Alsii the pa.ss. referor is some- 
 times used reflectively, Liv. 2. cedo, 
 6si, Bsum, i : V. TO viKLD. 3. rScedo, 
 } : to d. from duty, r. ab officio. Cic. 
 4. detrecto, i (tod. hack, from; to 
 avoid) : V. TO decline, avoid. 
 
 down . 1. deduco, xi, ctum, 
 
 } : to d. down the moon from heaven, 
 lunam coelod., Virg.: Hor. 2. elicio, 
 cui and exi, } to d. doum lightnings 
 (by incantations), fulmina e., I.,iv. : to 
 d. dinon water from a brow, supercilio 
 undam e., Virg. : to d. down Jove from 
 heaven, e. coelo Jovem, Ov. Phr.: to 
 d. down the wrath of the gods, *deo3 
 iratos reddere ; deorum iras in homines 
 Inclinare. 
 
 in, into: I. Lit-: 1. i"- 
 
 trorsum (or -us), triiho, j: to d. itself 
 (the breath) in through the frame, se per 
 artus int. trahere, Lucr. 2. rdienlo, i 
 (to li/jld back ; try to keep back) : to d. in 
 horses, equos (Ircna) r., Ov. ; like a snail 
 hiding himself and d.ing himself into 
 (his shell), lanquam cochlea abscondcns 
 r. se, Auct. Her. Phr.: to d. in one's 
 money, pecuniam religerc, Hor. ||, 
 Fig.: to entice: iUicio, allicio, }: v. 
 to entice, inveigle. 
 
 near (intrans.): 1. approp- 
 
 inquo, prope accedo ad : v. to ap- 
 proach. 2. (of time onlj') appeto, 
 ? : spring was now d.ing near, jam ver 
 appetebat, l^iv. 3. insto, still, i : 
 the games are d.ing near, ins. ludi, Cic. 
 
 off: I. Tran.s.: 1. de- 
 
 traho, } (usu. with ace and dat.) : to d. 
 off the coverings from shields, scutis 
 tegumenta d., Caes. : also with prep., to 
 d. a ring off the finger, annulum de 
 digito d., Tac. : to d. off Hannibal from 
 Italy, Hannibalem ex Italia d., Cic. 
 
 2. dedaco, } (esp. with ref. to 
 water) : to d. off voter from a stream, 
 aquam ex fluinine d., Cic. : Liv. : to d. 
 off an army, exercitum d. ab aliquo 
 loco, LIT. 3. educo, j (lilce preced.) : 
 to d. off water into trenches, aquam in 
 fossas e., Plin. : to d. off the water of a 
 lake, lacum e., Cic. 4. abdiico, j 
 (esp. of the mind) : to d. off an army, 
 exercitum ab., Liv. : to d. off the atten- 
 tion of the mind from anything, mentis 
 aciem ab allqua re ab., Cic; Hor. 5, 
 distraho, distringo, avoco: v. to dh-ekt. 
 
 6. promo, deprorao, psi, ptum, } 
 (of wines ; from the jar) : Hot. Phr.: 
 to d. off bilge-water, sentinam exhau- 
 Tire, Cic. ||. Intrans.: to leave a 
 plaee : cedo, rgcedo, dei edo, j : v. to 
 
 •WITHDRAW. 
 
 on: I. Trans.: 1. in- 
 
 diico, ? : to d. on (put on) slippers, 
 soleas in pedes ind., Cic. : v. to I'UT on. 
 
 2. induo, J : V. TO put on. ||. 
 Intrans.: to approach : appBto, i : v. 
 
 lO DSAW KBAS. 
 
 draw out : 1, extraho, j : to d. 
 
 out water, aquam (e puieo) ex., PI. : to 
 d. out a vxajxin from a wound, telum 
 de vulnere ex., Ov. Fig.: tlie Jight 
 was d.n out till night-fall, certamen in 
 noctem extractum, Liv. : v. to pro- 
 tract. 2. educo, } : to d. a tv.'ord 
 out from its sheath, gludium <■ vagina 
 e., Cic. : to d. out a miisile from tlie 
 bixly, telum e corjxire e., Virg. 3. 
 elicio, ui and exi, } (tn tempt forth) : to 
 d. out the enemy from the marshes, hos- 
 tem ex paludibus<-l., Caes. : v. to KLicrr. 
 4. dcdiico, i (to d. oul fine, as in 
 spinning) : to d. out a thread v ith the 
 thumb, d. poUice filum, Ov. : v. Tf) spin. 
 
 over ; \. L \ l -. to d. one 
 
 thing over another: 1. olxluco, J: 
 labour d.s, as it were, a thick skin over 
 grief, labor quasi callum quoddam ob. 
 dcliiri, Cic. : with robe d.n over (the 
 head), obducta veste, Tac. 2. in- 
 duco, } : night d.s gloom ever the earth. 
 nox terris umbras ind.. Hor. : Plin. jun. 
 
 3. superinduco, } ■ yuint. : Plin. 
 II. tig— 'jf'" cause a person to 
 cliange sides : 1. abdiico, }: to d. a 
 person over (by money), aliqueni a fide 
 ab., Cic. : to d. over an army from any 
 one, exercitum ab aliquo ab., Cic. 2. 
 corrumpo, j : v. to cokri:pt, tamper 
 
 with. 3. COnCiliO, I : v. to BRfNG 
 
 over. Phr. : to try to d. over, soUicit- 
 are, Cic. 
 
 round: I. Trans.: 1 
 
 circumduco, j : to d. the plough round 
 (a place), aratrum c, Cic. 2. cir- 
 cumscribe, psi, ptum, J (to make a line 
 round) : to d. a circle rmind a person 
 with a stick, aliquem virgulft c, Cic. 
 Phr.: he had d.n round him gangs of 
 desperadoes, Qomnium] faciiiorum ca- 
 tervas circum se habebat. Sail. : the 
 young men ivhom he had d.n around 
 him, Juventus quam illexerat, Sail. 
 
 II. Intrans.: to assemble about 
 any one : affluo, xi, xum, ; : v. to 
 FLOCK to. 
 
 tight : 1 adduce, j : tod. 
 
 the reins tight, habenas ad. (opp. remit- 
 tere), Cic. : v. TO tighten. 2. in- 
 tendo, di, sum and turn, } : Plin. 
 
 to : 1. adduco, j : to d. to 
 
 a door, ostium ad.. Petr. : v. to shut. 
 
 2. (of ships) appello, puli, pulsum, 
 } (strictly with ellipsis of navem. 
 naves): Cic. : Veil. 
 
 together : contraho, colllgo : 
 
 v. TO COLLECT, GATHER TOGETHER. 
 
 under : subtus duco, tr^ho : v. 
 
 UNDER. 
 
 up ; I. ^0 move upivards : 
 
 subduco, } : to d. up in baskets (from 
 ihe bottom of a well), corbulis aliquid 
 [snrsum] s., PI. : to d. up a portcullis, 
 cataractam s., Liv. : to d. up ships (on 
 the shore), naves s., Liv. Phr.: to d. 
 up a curtain, velum allevare. Sen. 
 
 II, To write out: 1. scribo, psi, 
 ptum, } : to d. up a will, testamentum 
 s., Cic. : to d. up decrees of the senate, 
 senatus consulta s.. Cic. : Hor. 2. 
 conclpio, ccpi, ceplum, ? (of legal docu- 
 ments): to draw up a bail bond, va- 
 diinoniumc.,Cic. Phr.: tod. up a code 
 of laivs, leges componere, Liv. : to d. up 
 conditions, conditiones conscribere, Liv. : 
 registers d.n up in the Greek language, 
 tabulae Uteris Graecis coufectae, Caes. 
 
 III, To arrange troops : 1, in- 
 stnio, xi, ctum, j : to d. up an army in 
 battle array, exercitum ins., Liv. : to d. 
 up an army in three lines, triplicem 
 aciem instruere. Caes. 2. conslliuo, 
 ui, utum, J (to station troops) : he drew 
 up the legions in battle array before the 
 camp, legiones pro castris acie consU- 
 tult, Caes. 3. ordino, i (to arrange) : 
 to d. up an army for battle, aciem o., 
 Just. 
 
 draw-hridge: 1. poiitkuius(any 
 
 small bridge): to let donit tlie d., p. 
 detorquere. Cic. Tusc. ;. 20, 59: to 
 throw a d. across a mnat, [lipneo] p. 
 fossae transituni conjungere, Cic. 1. c. 
 2, pons IGvatOrius or versatUis : 
 v. Pufresne, s. v. 3. sambuca (a 
 kind of d. used in sieges) : Veg. 
 
 drawer : I. '■"'« who draws : use 
 prea. purl, of verbs under TO draw (ex- 
 cepting in iiom. slug., see L. G. (> 6{8): 
 to supply the water d.s with buckets, 
 *dolia aquam baurieniibus pru-bere. 
 A d. of wxxter, arjuarius, Juv. ; in tJu 
 army, aquator, Caes. ; Liv. : the d. of a 
 cheque, scriptor (r), or perh. delegator: 
 see TO DRAW (VII.). ||. A draughU- 
 man : expr. by verb, qui descrlpsit, 
 dellneavlt, etc. : v. to draw (VI.). |||. 
 In a chest : lOculus (any compartment 
 or box for kei-ping things in): usu. pi., 
 Plin. A cliest of d.s, perh. armarium : 
 
 v. WARDKOBB. 
 
 drawers: 1. fSmlnalla, inm, n. : 
 Suet. : Hiir. : v.trowskjl-. 2, fi'uior- 
 alia, luin : v. 1. lor preced. 3. sublig- 
 actklum (for which also siiblli;ar, aris, 
 n.. Mart. : Juv.) . Cic 4. campestre, 
 is, n. (for use in the Campus) : Hor. 
 5, Buccinctorium : Aug. (These 
 latter terms denote, not an ordinary 
 article ofclothing, but a covering worn 
 for the sake of decency.) 
 
 drawing (subs.) .- |. The art : 
 
 1. piclura lineiirls, I'liii. J5, j, 5. 
 
 2. graphid, iQis and idos, f. (by 
 meton. : strictly, a kind of stylus for 
 linear drawing) : the architect should 
 have a knowledge of d., architeclum 
 grapbidos scientiam habere oporlel, 
 VI tr. 3- *ars dellneatoria (?). ||, 
 The picture drawn : 1, descrlpllo : 
 d.s of volutes, volutarum descriptioiies, 
 Vitr. 2. pictQra linearis : v. tupr. 
 (I.). 3. expr. by verb : a very beau- 
 tijul d. (of anything), *iniago (efligies) 
 pulcherrime dellneata : v. TO draw 
 (VI.). 
 
 drawing-master: •magisler artu 
 delineatoriae. 
 
 drawing-room : I. Receptim- 
 room : perh. exedra, exedrlum (a small 
 room of the kind) : Cic. ; v. eoom. ||. 
 A room in which linear drawing is exe- 
 cuted : off icina (sc. *delineatoria, or a 
 similar word). 
 
 drawl: perh. syllabas (voces) lenllus 
 pronuiitiando trahere : v. to drag. 
 (Literam traclim pronuniiare in Gell.' 
 4, 6, is to pionounce a vowel long.) 
 
 dray : plausti um, plostellum : v. 
 waggon. (Traha or trahea is a vehicle 
 without II heels.) 
 
 drayman : plaustrarius (plost-) : 
 Ulp. 
 
 dread («•): 1. penimesco, i (only 
 in imperf. tenses): the Athenians d.'d 
 the predominance of tlieirfellow-cit izens, 
 Athenienses potentlam suorum civlum 
 pertiinescebant. Nep. : Cic. 2. paveo, 
 2 (e.^p. when the alarm is sudden) ; to 
 d. the worst, onmia p.. Sail. : to d. death. 
 mortem p., Plin. ; funera p., Hor. The 
 inceptive pave&co is occasionally found 
 in trans, sense, Tac. 3. lonuido, 1 : 
 Koine d.'d by the I'arthians, fomiidata 
 Parthis Homa. Hor.: to d. a person's 
 anger, alicujus iracundiam f., Cic. 4. 
 contrfimo, ui, i (poet.): v. to treublk 
 See also to fear. 
 
 dread (subs.) -. formido, Inis, /. (de- 
 fined by Cic as metus permanens, Tusc 
 4, 8, I'm.) : to inspire a jterson with d., 
 f. aliciii injicere, Cic : lobe an object of 
 d., formldini esse, Sen. : concretely, the 
 d. of thieves (Prlapus), furum f., Hor 
 See also feab. 
 
 dread (ati{j.): v. dreadful 
 
 dreaded (part, adj.): horrlblUs, 
 nieluondvis, etc.: v. forjiidablb. 
 
 dreadful: L diru* (esp- Poet.: 
 In Cic the word has the seuse of il{- 
 omened : '• exla sine capile, quibus 
 nihil videiur esse dirius," Div. 2, 15, 
 j6): d. comets, d. cometae, Virg.: d. 
 vjickedness, d. nefas, Virp.: d. dropsy, 
 d. hydrops, Hor. : d. i/uiinit»a/, d. Han- 
 nibal, Hor. 2. terribills, e: Sail.: 
 Cic: V. TERRIBLE. 3. horrtbUis, e 
 (causing a shudder) : the d. Mide .(Far- 
 thian), h. Jledus, Hor. : d. to relate, h. 
 dlctu, Virg. : that is positiitly d., illud 
 vero h., Cic. Join: borribilis ac per- 
 tlmescendus, borribilis et mis<'r. Cic 
 4. foedus (shocking in its /«»- 
 tures): d. havoc, f. strages, Klor.: a <L 
 213
 
 DREADFU1.LY 
 
 DRESSING 
 
 1>RINK 
 
 nt)Mnd, f. vulnus, Ov. 5. teier (taeU), 
 tra, truni (like fuedus, but stronger): a. 
 ngiuns, loca i.. Sail. ; d. gloom, t. tene- 
 brae [et caligo], Cic. : d. prodigies, t. 
 prodigia, Liv. : a d. crime, t. facinus, 
 Cic. 6. atrox, ocis (^severe, violent): 
 a d. storm, a. teinpestas, Liv. ; Tac. : 
 a very d. calamity, atrocissima calami- 
 tas. Veil.: the carnage uas more d., 
 caedes atrociur erat, Liv. 
 
 dreadfully: 1. horrendum (ter- 
 ribilem) in modum : v. dreadfiiL. 2. 
 horrendum (neut. used as adv.) : Virg. : 
 V. HORRIBLY. 3. foede (implying 
 dreadful diifigurement) : v. fright- 
 fully. 4, when qualifying an ad- 
 jective, often expr. by means of the 
 simple superlative : a d. severe winter, 
 teterrima hiems, Cic. : v. preced. art. 
 Phr. : to disfigure d., foedare, Virg.: 
 to cry out d., clauiores horrendos toi- 
 lers, Virg. 
 
 dreadfulness : expr. by adj.: ap- 
 palled at t),e d. of the sight, *pavefactus 
 tain tt'rrlbili (horrendo, etc.) spectaculo : 
 
 V. DRE.VUFUL. 
 
 dreadless : impavidus : v. fearless. 
 
 dream (s«6.-.): 1. somnium: an 
 interpreter of d.s, somniorum interpres, 
 Cic. : to dream a strange d., mirum s. 
 somniare I'l. ; apjiearances in d.s, 
 species soninioruni, Cic. Fig.: d£ of 
 dotards, delirantium somnia, Cic. : 
 fevered ds, iiegri s., Hor. 2. insom- 
 nium (usu. in pi., and oftener of bad 
 (i.s, as those arising from in temper- 
 ance) : false d.s, lalsa ins., Virg. : to 
 escape indigestion aiui d.s (nightmare), 
 cruditate, insomniis carere, Cic. Phr.: 
 to be seen in a d., secundum quietem, 
 or in qulete (somnis) videri, Cic. : to 
 have a d. about, see something in a d., 
 in somnis videre, cernere, (lie. : Hector 
 appeared tome in a d., in somnis Hector 
 visus adesse mihi, Virg. 
 
 dream («■) : I. Lit.: somnio, I: 
 there is hardly a night that we do not 
 d., neque uUa lere (nox) est qua non 
 somniemus, Cic. : to d. (of) an egg, 
 ovtim 8., Cic. : usu. however with de 
 and ail., Cic. : more fully in somnis s., 
 PI. P h r. : to d. that one sees, in somnis, 
 in quiete videre : v. preced. art, fin. 
 II. Fig.: toindulge in idle thought: 
 
 1. somnio, i : ha ! what are you 
 d.ing' about? eho quae somnias? PI.: 
 Cic. 2. dormito, i (of one who idly 
 wastes time) : no d.ing now, non nunc 
 tibi dormitandum, PI. : to d. auay the 
 time, tempus d. in otio, PI. Phr.: f) 
 d. away erne's life, *quasi per somnos 
 (dorraitaniem) vitam agere, transire. 
 
 dreamer: I. ^ person who ha^ 
 
 dreams: somniator: Sen.: Tert. (Also 
 in any case except nom. sing., pre?, 
 part, of somnio: L. G. } 6}8.) ||. A 
 visionary : *hon)o delirus or deliranf ; 
 homo vanus, totus in somniis suis : v. 
 
 ENTHUSIAST. 
 
 dreamful : somniis abundans : v. 
 
 DREAM. 
 
 dreamless : expers (sine) somniif ; 
 nuUis agitatus insomniis^ v. dream. 
 
 dreamy ; somnicuiosus (sleefx, 
 half-asleep): Cic. 
 
 drear : v. dreary. 
 
 drearily : perh. odlose (in such av'ly 
 as to offend, disgust) : v. disagri'e- 
 
 ABLY. 
 
 dreariness: soiitudo, vastitas: v. 
 
 SOLrrUDE, DESOLATION. 
 
 dreary : no exact equivalent : ivex- 
 est, 1. vastus {waste, uvpeoplvd): 
 d. solitudes, v. solitudines, Cic. : Liv. 
 Join: vastus atque deserius, Cic. : Liv. 
 
 2. solus: v. SOLriARY. 3. '"- 
 
 cultus ; regions odious, d., forbidding 
 (of Hades), loca tetra, inculta, 'foeda. 
 Sail. (But iu itself the word 'Jtnotes 
 only the absence of cultivation and 
 adornment.) Phr.: regions d., hushed 
 in night, loca nocte silentia latf; Virg. : 
 regions d. and foul, loca se'jta situ, 
 Virg. See also sad, wretchep. 
 
 dredge: everrlculmj : V. TRAG-NET. 
 
 dregs : 1. f^ex, cis /. : .jars drunk 
 to tlue d., poti faece t'.r.cs cadi, Hor. 
 Fig. ; in the d. of (the Hate of) Bom- 
 i}4 
 
 ulus, in faece Romuli, Cic: with the 
 filth and d. of the capital, apud sordem 
 urbis et faecem, Cic. 2. sedimen : v. 
 SEDIMENT. 3. sentina (in fig. sense) : 
 V. stNK (subs.) See also refuse {subs.), 
 
 OFFSCOURINGS. 
 
 drench ('■): 1. madefacio, feci, 
 factum, J {to wet tfioruughly ; soak : 
 q. V.) : esp. Bg. of intoxication, d.'d ivith 
 copious draughts. ampUoribus poculis 
 madefactus, Amm. (fur which more 
 usu. madidus): PI. 2. {lo be or be- 
 come d.'d) niadesco, ui, } the half- 
 burnt timbers are d.d (with rain), senii- 
 usta madescuni robora, Virg.: Ov. 3. 
 expr. by means of madidus, with such 
 verbs as reddo, facio : J'U d. you to-day, 
 ego te hodie reddam m. ! PI. : v. foil, art, 
 4. perfundo, ludi, fUsum, } : to d. 
 fish {in cooking) with oil, pisces p. oUvo, 
 Hor. : to have the liead d.'d with uarm 
 water, per caput aqua calida perfundi, 
 
 CelS. : v. TO POUR OVER, BATHE. 5. 
 
 irrigo, i (in tig. sense : v. to water) : the 
 ground is d.'d uith blood, irrigat tcrram 
 cruor. Sen. (tr;ig.). 
 
 drenclied ( ix"*- adj.) : 1. madi- 
 dus a bundle of letters d. with water, 
 fasciculus epistularum aqua madidus, 
 Cic. : d. wings (of the S. wind), m. alae, 
 Ov. loclcs d. with myrrh, capilli myrrha 
 m., Ov. Fig.: of di-unkenness : Mart.: 
 PL 2. uvidus: d. garments, u. ve.5- 
 tiraenta, Hor. : a sp<it d. with abundant 
 spray, locus aspergine multa u., Ov. 
 Fig., like preced., Hor. (who opposes 
 it to siccus). See also verb to drench, 
 and wet (a<Jj.). 
 
 drench (subs.) : potlo (haustus) co- 
 piosior : V. dose. 
 
 dress {subs.) : 1. habitus, as (gen. 
 term); to change d. ivith anyone, h. cum 
 allquo mutare. Suet. : (julnt. : shepherd's 
 d., pastoris, pastoralis h., Llv. Join: 
 habitus vestiiusque, Liv. 2. cultus, 
 us (strictly, as adorning the person) : 
 in his d. he is said to have been remark- 
 able, cultu notabilem (fuisse) femnt. 
 Suet. : moderate in d. (of an empress), 
 niodica cultu, Plin. jun. : also some- 
 times in plur., Flor. : Ov. ; a shepherd's 
 d., pastoralis c. Veil. 3. omatua, 
 us (as adorning or equipping the per- 
 son) : military d., o. mllitaris, Ci<', : 
 the d. of a ship-captain, o. nauclericus. 
 Pi. : she flings away her lands to buy 
 d., abjicit agros ut o. paret, Phaedr. 
 4 vestitus, vestis, vestimentum 
 (strictly, as protecting the person from 
 cold, etc., whereas the preceding words 
 imply a certain style of dress or decora- 
 tion) : extravagant d., nimius v., Ter. : 
 V. clothes. 
 
 dress («•) : \. To attire in clothes : 
 1. vestio, 4: V. TO clothe. 2. 
 induo, i, vLtum, i : v. to ptrr on. 3. 
 exomo, I {with finery) : while my mis- 
 tress is d.ing, arnica mea dum se ex., 
 PI. II, Medical, to attend to a wound, 
 etc. : L ciiro, i (general term : v. 
 to treat, cure) : to d. one's wounds, 
 vulnera c. Curt. 2. obligo, alllgo, i : 
 V. to bind cp. III. To arrange the 
 hair : como, psi, ptum, } : while my 
 mistress is d.ing her hair, amica mea 
 dum comit, PI. : to d. the hair in rows 
 and curls, c. caput in gradus atque 
 annulos. Quint. : {carefully) d.'d locks, 
 compti capilli, Cic. |V. To clear and 
 till the soil : c6lo, J : v. TO TILL. V. 
 To cook food : coquo, igne moUio : v. 
 TO COOK. M i s c e 1 1. phr.: to d. a 
 vine, vitem amputare (v. to PRtnjE) : 
 to d. hides, coria subigere, depsere (v. 
 TO tan) : to d. hemp, stuppam ferreia 
 hamis pectere, Plin. 
 
 dresser : *mensa cuUnarla. 
 
 dressing {subs.) .- |. The act of 
 attiring oneself: expr. by verb; what 
 time is taken up in tlteir d., *dum se 
 exomant, quantum tempus consumitur ! 
 V. TO dress. II, (f food: coctura; 
 Col. III. Cornice: belajbour in g, thrash- 
 ing: Phr. : / iviU give him such a d. 
 that . . ., adeo exomatum, adeo depex- 
 um dabo, ut etc., Ter. : v. flogging. 
 IV. fo^ O' sore: fomeutum: v. 
 
 POULTICE, PLASTER. 
 
 dressing-gown: •amictus cubicu- 
 
 laris. 
 
 dressing-room : prScoetst, onis 
 
 m. {irpoKoiTiuv, an ante-chamber) : Plin. 
 2, 17, 10. (Certainly not vestiarium, 
 which is a wardrobe.) 
 
 dressing-table : *raensa cubicu- 
 
 laris (.'). 
 
 dressy (colloq.) : circa vestitus curan. 
 morosior (bast d on Suet.,) nimio vestitu 
 (sibi) indulgens, cf. Ter. Ad. i, 1, }8: 
 nitido nolabilis babitu: v. DRESS. 
 
 dribble : stiiio, i : v. to trickle. 
 
 driblet: stilla; v. drop. Phr.: by 
 d.s, stiUatini {drop by drop), Varr. 
 
 dried {part, adj ) : 1. siccatus : 
 either green or d. (of a plant), sive viri- 
 dis sive s., Plin. : fat d. in the sun, 
 adeps s. in sole, Plin. 2. passus (of 
 fruit, left on the tree to dry) : d. grapes, 
 p. acini, Plin. : Virg. 3. lorridus 
 (dried quite up and parched) : streams, 
 springs d. up, rivi, fontes l., Liv.: d. 
 salt, t. sal. Col. 
 
 drift {subs.) I. A heap formed by 
 the wind or other cause : agger, firls, 
 TO. : earth sluipeless xvith snow-d.s, ag- 
 geribus niveis intomiis terra, Virg. 
 Phr.: d.s of snow, *vis nivis exagger- 
 atae (Kr.); d.-uood, *ligna ad litus de- 
 lata. II. iiolent impulte : impetus, 
 lis : V. IMPULSE, violence. |||, Ten- 
 dency, aim: Phr.: what is the d. of 
 this discourse, quorsum haec tendit ora- 
 tio ? Cic. : tlte d. of this is . . ., hoc eo 
 pertinet ut . . ., Cic. : in fine the d. of 
 my determination is this, denique sum- 
 ma Judicii mei spectat hue, ut . . .; 
 Ant. in Cic. : to pay attention (only) to 
 the general d. of {a speech), universltati 
 J (sermonis) atiendere (opp. to, particiilas 
 ejus persequi), Plin. Ep. i, S, i : it is 
 not easy to see the man's d., 'baud facile 
 perepicias quid sibi velit; v. to mean. 
 
 drift {v.): I. Trans.: L 
 
 deiero, tQli, latum, } {to some point) : 
 to be d.'d by the tide, aestu delerri, 
 Caes. : v. to drive. 2. exclto, i {to 
 raise, as the wind does sand) ; cf. SalL 
 Jug. 79, meti. II, In trans.: 1, 
 fliiUo, I : a ship [the state] d.ing in 
 the storms of Sedition, navis nultans (in 
 alto) tempestaiibus seditionum, Cic. 
 2. feror, deferor, latus, j : v. supr 
 (I), and TO carry. Phr.: the snow d.s 
 with the force of the wind, *nix cumu- 
 latur (exaggeratur) vento. 
 
 drill {v.): I. To pierce with a 
 
 small hole : loro. terebro, i : v. to bore 
 
 II. Til train and exeixise troops ; 
 
 1. exerceo, 2: to assemble troops 
 and d. tliem, copias cogere, ex., Caes.: 
 Veg. 2. exercito, 1 : Veg. : v. TO 
 DISCIPLINE. 3. instltuo, i, utum, i ■ 
 to d. recruits, tirones ins., Veg.: v. to 
 
 TRAIN. 
 
 drill {subs.) : I. For baring : tS- 
 rebra ; v. gimlet. ||. The exeicise of 
 troops : 1. exercitium : daily prac- 
 tice and d., quotidianus usus ex. que, 
 Veg. : regular d., assidua ex., Veg. : 
 Tac. : V. exercise. 2. exercitatio : 
 Veg. 3- (campestris) mfiditatio : Veg. 
 Phr.: d.-sergeant, perh. campidoctor, 
 armidoctor: see Stewech. ad Veg. i, li 
 (Perh. exercitiorum magister.) A d.- 
 master of gladiators, lanista, Cic. 
 
 drily : *ri»um dissimulando, austero 
 quodam Jocandi genere. 
 
 drink («•) •■ 1. i^ibo, i, uum, j {to 
 
 quenc'n thirst by drinking) : to d. mudily 
 water, aquam turbidam b., Cic. : to d. 
 from the very source, ex ipso fonte b., 
 Ov. ; to d. out of a jewelled cup, gemma 
 b., Virg. ; to d. very Aard, damnose b., 
 Hor. : to d. in Greek fashion, i. e. with 
 "toasts" anddrinking of healths, tiraeco 
 more b., Cic. Fig.; the spear ds blood, 
 b. hasta cruorem, Virg. : to d. draughts 
 of justice, Justitiae haustus b.. Quint. 
 
 2. poto, avi, potatum and polum, 
 I (to d. freely and habitually) : he feasts, 
 and d.s, obsonat, potat, Ter.: to enjoy 
 the pleasure of d.ing in company, cum 
 aliis voluptaie potandi frui, Cic: also 
 sometimes ^ bibo : he took up vxUer 
 with his hand to d., aquam poturuB 
 manu hausit. Suet. Fig.; the clothet
 
 DRINK IN 
 
 DKIVE ALONG 
 
 DRIVE OUT 
 
 d. perspiration, vestis sudorera p., Lucr. 
 3. haurio, si, stum, 4 {to drink off. 
 drain, qunff: esp. jxiet.): to d. off the 
 fluuxiny bowl, gpumainein patfraiii h., 
 Virg. : Lucr. 1' h r. : to be d.ing for 
 days together, totos dies pcrpoiare, Cic. : 
 to d. ahnig with another, conibibcre, 
 Sen. : one ulio habitually d.s uith 
 another, conipotor, fern, conipolrix, 
 Ter. : to d. deep, larglort vino lUi, l^iv. ; 
 profundo niero incuint^rt, Val. Kl. ; 
 ingurgitare Lse In viniiin, I'l.: /" d. 
 draughts of LiSbian, pocula IjCsbii du- 
 cere, Hur. 
 
 druik in : 1. •>'bo. i- lod. in with 
 the ear, aure b , Hur. 2. haurio, 4 : to 
 d. in joy tvith eyes and ears, gaudiuin 
 oculis auribus<iue h.. lAv. . Virg. (For 
 lit. sense, v. TO imbibe.) 
 
 off or UP : 1. ebibo, i, J : to 
 
 d. off a jug of vine, liirneam vini e., 
 Pi. : Ter. 2. haurio, 4 : v. to drain. 
 3. epoto, only found in p. part, 
 epotus : directly after d.-ing off the 
 draught, statini, epoto poiulo, Cic. : we 
 believe that rivers nere drunk off (dry), 
 epota flumina credimus, Juv. 4. 
 
 sicco, exsicco, 1 : v. to dkain. 
 
 to: pr6pino, l (Gr. Trpon-iVui.cf. 
 
 TO DRrsK, 1): Id. this to handsome 
 Critias, proplno hoc pulchru Critiae, 
 Cic. : Id. your health in a bnmf>er, pro- 
 pino tibl salulcm plenis lauclbus, PI. 
 St. }. 2, 16. Phr. : to d. to the safe 
 return of a friend, sumere pocula aniici 
 sospitis, cf. Hor. Od. ?, 8, 1 !, and f, 19, 
 9 : I d. to all your good healtlts, precor 
 omnia laeta vobis omnibus, Krusm. : let 
 i-ocA drink to the health of Messala, 
 " Bene Messala " sua quisque ad pocula 
 dicat, Tib. 2, i, }l (K. and A.). 
 
 drink (subs.) .- L POtio : meat 
 
 and d., cibus et p., Cic. : see also 
 DRAUGHT. 2. potus, US : their d. is 
 a liquid mwle from barley, potui est 
 humor, ex hordeo, etc., Tac. Ger. 2} : to 
 give horses a little d.. p. exiguum equis 
 impeniri, I'lin. ; v. draught. 
 
 drinkable: potabiiis, e (opp. to 
 
 esculentus, i^(a6Ie): Auson. : Coel. Aur. 
 i* h r. : ivater that is not d., aqua ad 
 bibenduni (potandum) inutilis. 
 
 drinker : 1. potor . water-d.s, 
 aquae potores, Hor. : a hard d., acer p., 
 Hor. : quarrels of d.s, potorum rixae. 
 Crop. 2. potaioT (an habitual drinker, 
 a tippler): PI. Phr.: a great d., 
 (homo) vini capacissimus, Llv. : he was 
 the greatest d. in all Asia, magnitndine 
 poculorum bibendoque totiim Asian) 
 Miperavit, Cic. Ft J7, 92 : a moderate 
 I., exigui potus homo, modicus bibendl, 
 Bau. (in Kr.). See also drunkard, 
 
 BOON-COMPANION. 
 
 drinking (subs.) .- 1. potio fthe 
 
 mere act oj drinking): in the very act 
 of d. she aied out, in media p. exclam- 
 avtt, Cic. 2. expr. by ger. of verbs 
 while thed. is !,oing on, iiiterea dum bihi- 
 tur, inter bibenduni, etc. : v. to drink. 
 3. potus, us (esp. habitual d.) : exces- 
 sive d,, immodicus p., Cic. : in d. and 
 joviality, In p. el hilaritate, Plin. : v. 
 driuk (subs.) 4. polatio (carous- 
 
 ing) : t^uint. : V. carouse. Phr.: 
 during the d., in poculis, Cic. : after d., 
 l>ost Vina, Hor. 
 drinking-bout : pstatio, comissa- 
 
 I io : V. c a rouse. Phr.: to indulge in 
 d.s, ccrtare miTO, Hor. 
 
 drinking-cup : poculum : v. cup. 
 
 drip (''•) I. To drop slowly down 
 upon something r 1. stillo, i : gore 
 d.s from the steel, cruor s. ferro. Prop. : 
 Tib. : V. to drop. 2. destillo, i : v. 
 TO TEICKLE DOWN, (liistillo is always 
 trans.) ||, To be running net : 1, 
 stillo, I : a dagger d.ing (with blood), 
 stillans pugio, Cic. : the stars d. nith 
 blood, sidera sanguine s., Ov. 2. roro, 
 I (strictly, to drop with dew): his 
 (Notus') nnnfis and garments d., r. pen- 
 naeque sinusque, Ov. : the bnnnlihs d. 
 tuith blood, sanguine vepres r , Virg. : v. 
 TO drizzle. 3. mano, i : a knife 
 d.ing with blood, ciilter nianans cruore, 
 Liv. 4. fluo. xi. .Nuni, ; : d.ing in 
 wet clothes, madida fluens in veste. 
 
 Virg. : to d. (or stream) with perspi- 
 ration, sudore fluere, Liv. (diffluere, 
 Phaedr.). 
 
 drip (subs.) : stillicidium : the d. 
 falling hoUous stone, slilllcidi ca.sus la- 
 pid<-m cavat, Lucr. : legal rights respect- 
 ing walls, lights, drip, Jnra parietum, 
 lumlnum, stillicidiorum. Cic. to cause 
 your d. to tall on your neightx/ur's house, 
 silUicidium in alirujus (domum) projl- 
 cere, Paul. Dig. 
 
 dripping (.part, adj.): 1. stil- 
 lans: V. plead, art. 2. roriiis: d. 
 locks, r. capilll, Ov. ; r. comae, Stat. 
 
 3. madldus (net through) ■ yotus 
 Jties forth wilhd. wings, in. Nolus evol- 
 at alls, Ov. : Cic. : v, drenched. 
 
 dripping (subt.) .■ perh. adeps Uqu6- 
 facius (" liquor eorum quaeciHiuumur," 
 Korc.) A d -pan, 'patina quae camiuni 
 Jus fxcipit, dum coquunlur. (Sarlago 
 and frixorium are ve&sels for frying in: 
 v. fryino-pan.) 
 
 drive (f) A. Trans.: I. To 
 impel: cause to go forward : 1. ago, 
 egi, actum, j (in most senses of the Kng. 
 word): to d along site-goats, capellas 
 proiinus a., Virg. . to d. a herd befort 
 one, armentum i)iae se a., Liv. : to d. 
 ships ashore, naves in Uttus a., Virg. : 
 d. their ships in different ways, age 
 divcrsas naves, Virg : tlie wind d.s the 
 clouds, a. nubila ventus, Virg. 2. 
 agito, I (strictly frequent, of ago ; hence 
 esp., to d. regularly, as in haini:ss or 
 under a yoke): to d. chariots, herds, 
 curriis, gregi'S a., Virg. : tod. a pair of 
 lions, bijugos leones a., Lucr. (In this 
 sense, ni't in Cic, who huwever has 
 agitaior = dm'ei-.) 3. pcl'o. pCpfl'l, 
 piilsum, i (to push : give a violent im- 
 puhe to): V. TO r>iPKL, drive awav. 
 
 4. cogo, J : V. TO drive in, into. 
 Phr.: to d. a raeing-cltariot, curriculum 
 rigere, Suet. : to d, in a chariot-race, an- 
 rigare. Suet. : the n ind d.s the mill-v.'heel, 
 *ventus molae rotam niovet, Impellit, 
 agit : to d. a nail, clavuni adigere in 
 aliquid, Plin. : to name a dictator for 
 d.ing in the nail, dictatorem clavi 
 figendi causa dicere, Liv. (v. TO drink 
 in) : to d. a perswi to distraction, ali- 
 quem ad insanlam adigere, Ter. ; lym- 
 phatum agere, I'lin. ; if with jealousy, 
 rumpere, Hor. Kp. i, 19, 15. See also 
 
 TO DRIVE away, OUT, etC. ||. To 
 
 carry on (a trade, etc.): 1, fScio, 
 feci, factum, }: to d. a trade, merca- 
 turam f., Cic. : to d. a trade in harlotry, 
 merctricium (sc. quaestum) f.. Suet. 
 2. exerceo, 2 : to d. a disgraceful 
 trade, negotiationem pudendam ex., 
 Suet. : Cic. : to d. a trade in frankin- 
 ci-nse, commercium turls ex., Plin. |||. 
 To force : cogo, compello, j : v. to 
 COMPEL. B. Jn trans. : |. To be 
 borne in a vehicle : \, vSho, xi, 
 cinm, ? (usu. as refl., but with act. part, 
 vebens) : to d. in a chariot, curru velii, 
 Cic: d.ing in , a chariot and four, 
 quadrigis vehens, Cic. 2. invehor, 
 
 } : to d. through cities, per urbes inv., 
 Lucr. 3. carpentuni (ciirrum, equos, 
 etc.) ago, ? : Liv. : V. TO drive (A). ||. 
 To be carried along by nind or current : 
 fgror, deffiror : v. to drift. P h r. : the 
 iron shoner d.s, feireus ingruit imbor, 
 Virg. what is he d.ing at, quid sibi 
 vult.? Ter.: v. to mean. 
 
 about: 1. jacto, i (to 
 
 toss : q. v.) : to be d.n about on the 
 ocean, in alio Jactari, Cic. : to be d.n 
 about in a crowd, in lurba jactari, Cic. 
 2. verso, I : to <i. sheep about (in 
 pasturing them), oves v , Virg. : to d. a 
 chariot about, currum v., Virg. 3. 
 agito, I : the gods of Troi/. d.n about 
 (from place to place), agitata numina 
 I'rojae, Virg. 
 
 against : impingo, pegi, pac- 
 tum, ? to d. a ship against sometlting, 
 iiaveni imp., C^uliil. : clouds d.n violenti y 
 agninft each other, iiubes veliemcnter 
 inipaciae. Sen. I'hr. : he d.s his hort.e 
 against the cnnstd himself, In ipsum iii- 
 fe.stus coiisuirin dirigit (equum), Liv. 
 
 along or on: 1. &Ko, j : 
 
 V. TO DRIVE (I., 1). 2- trudo, si, 
 
 sum, J (to thrust on) : the rivers d. the 
 ice along, glaclem flumina t., Virg. : day 
 is d.n on by day, truditur dies dit-. Hor. 
 3. propello, p&ll, pulsuni, } (to d. 
 fornard)- to d. a vessel along by oars, 
 iiavem remlsp.,C'ic. : v. TO drive rORra, 
 PROPEL. 4. impi-llo, J : the Zrpliyrf 
 d. the waves along, Zeplivrl imp. uudas, 
 Virg. 
 
 drive away : 1. abigo, egi, ac- 
 tum, i . to d. away Jlies, muscas ab., 
 Cic. Fig.: to d. au-ay cares, curas 
 ab., Hor. 2. fugo, 1 (to put to fight): 
 to d. a person an ay by Jorce if arms, 
 aliqucm armls f., Cic. : blasts d. away 
 the clouds, flamina nubes f., Ov. : v. 
 
 FLIGHT (TO PUT to). 3. P<'llo, J (esp. 
 
 poet., in tig. sense): d. an ay cares icith 
 wine, vino pelllie curas, Hor. : v. to 
 BANISH. 4. depello. j . he drove 
 anay the saviour of his c/untry from 
 the capital, patriae conser\atorem urbe 
 depulit, Cic. Esp fig., to d. away 
 hunger, Oiirst, faniem, sitim d., Cic, 
 Join: demovere et depellere de loco, 
 Cic. 6. dejicio, j : v. to di-slodge. 
 6. deturljo, I (in confusion, by 
 violence) : tod. a person away from the 
 tribunal, allqueni de trlbunall d., Caes. : 
 the bees d. the drones an ai/ from their 
 abodes, apes fucos a sedibus suis d.. 
 Pall. 
 back : 1. rfipiio, j : tod. 
 
 back tlie enemy into tlie forests, hostes 
 in sllva? r., Caes. : Cic. 2. redigo, 
 egi, actum, j : then d. the enenty Ixick to 
 his camp, bosteni in castra redigunt, 
 Liv. : Lucr. 3. rejicio, jeci, jectuni, 
 J : to d. back the grazing kids from the 
 river, pascentes CiipcUas a flumlne re- 
 Jicere, Virg. esp. of tlie vnnd, I utw 
 dn back by a violent .V. wind to the 
 same (city), rejectus sum Austro vehe- 
 menli ad eandeni (urbem), Cic: they 
 drove them back into the town, eos in 
 oppidum rejecerunt. Caes. 4. reprlmo, 
 
 } : V. to CHECK, RESTRAIN. 
 
 down : 1. depcllo, } : they 
 
 d. the enemy doum from tlie position, 
 hostes loco depellunt, Caes.: v. to dis- 
 ixuxiE. 2. dejicio, j ■ the ships were 
 d.n donm to the lower part of the island, 
 naves ad inleriorem partem insulae de- 
 Jectae sunt, Caes. 
 
 ■ forth : 1. expelio, } : v. to 
 
 BANISH, EXPi-x. 2. propello, J : to d. 
 forth Jtocks (from their stiilU), oves pr.. 
 Col. ; ttie .V. wind d.s the ship forth 
 upt/n the ocean, Boreas navem pr. in 
 allum, Ov. : v. to drive out. 3. 
 exigo, ) : to d. (flocks) forth to pasture, 
 pastum ex., Varr. 
 
 home : P h r. : to d. home a 
 
 dagger in the consul's body, sicam in 
 consulis corpore defigere, Cic. : to d. 
 home beams nith rammers, tigna listucls 
 adigere, Caes. : to d. home tlie sword in 
 one's bosom, ferrum in pectus deiuittere, 
 Tac. : Ov. 
 
 in, into fr to : 1. <">«?. 
 
 xi, xum, }: to d. in nails, clavos I, 
 Hor. : Liv. : see to drpve (1.. I'lir.i 2. 
 Infigo, i to d. a S]iear into the gate, 
 hastam portae inf., Virg. 3. lOgo, 
 c6egi, cductum, } (wiih in, intrO: the 
 force of the wind drove the ship intn the 
 port of . . ., vis veniorum in portum 
 navem coegit, Cic: to d sheep in, oves 
 intro c. PI. Fig.: to be d.n into a 
 comer. In angustum cogi, Ter. 4. com- 
 pello, J (to d. togetha; d. to join) : they 
 had d.n their Jtocks together, to the .^me 
 spot, greges in unum compulerant, 
 Virg. : Hor. See also preced. an. 
 off: Sbtgo, depello, etc : t. 
 
 TO DRr\E AWAY. 
 
 1. expelio, } : to d. 
 a pitchfork, naturam 
 
 V. TO BANISH, EXPEL. 
 V. TO CAST OUT. 3. 
 
 J : to d. a person out 
 ()/" doors, aliqucm foras ex., Ter. ; v. to 
 THRUST OUT. 4. exturbo, I (with vio- 
 lence and confusion) : d. them all out oJ 
 the house, cunctos exturba aedibus ! PI. : 
 to d. out gravel (medically), calculos 
 ex., Plin. Join: expellere atque ex- 
 turbare, Cic. 5. exlgo, i. to d. tht 
 2J5 
 
 out ; 
 
 out nature with 
 
 furca ex., Hor.: 
 
 2. ejicio, J : 
 
 extriido, si, sum.
 
 DRIVE OVER 
 
 DROP 
 
 DROP-SCENE 
 
 enemy out of the plain, hostem e cainpo 
 ex., Liv. P h r. : d.n out of one's coun- 
 try, patria excussus, Vivg. 
 
 drive over: expr. by verbs under 
 TO DRIVE and per : 'I'ullia is said to have 
 d.n over her father's corpse, Tullia per 
 patris corpus carpentum egisse lertur, 
 Liv. 
 
 round : circumago, j : Liv. 
 
 See also to drive about. 
 
 tlirough: I. ^o comb a 
 
 weapon to pass tlnough a body ; trajicio, 
 transfigo, translodio, j : v. to transfix, 
 PIERCE. II, To be bortie through a 
 
 place by horses, eo, vfihor, invShor, cur- 
 rum ago, per . . ., cf. Lucr. 2, 624. 
 
 to : appello, } : a deity hath 
 
 d.n me to your shores, me vestris deus 
 appuiit oris, Virg. 
 
 together : 1. cogo,'} (not 
 
 necessarily employing force) : v. to 
 
 BRING TOGETHER, COLLECT. 2. COm- 
 
 pello, i : Cic. : more fully, c. in unum, 
 Virg. 
 drive up : subigo, j (up hill or 
 
 against the current) : Virg. P h r. : fie 
 d.s up to the house in his carriage, *car- 
 pento invectus domura accedit ; equos 
 donmm (aedes) versus dirigit. 
 drive (subs.) -. |, The exercise : 
 
 1. gestaiio (used of all kinds of 
 riding, as in a boat, etc.) : Sen. : Cels. 
 
 2, vectatio, Suet. P h r. : to take 
 a d. in a carriage and pair, bijugis 
 equisgestari. Mart. ||. The place for 
 driving in : 1. gestaiio, Plin. 2. 
 perh. spatium (esp. used of race-courses, 
 but applicable to any open spcu:e) : cf. 
 Nep. Eum. 5. 
 
 drivel: I. ^ slaver: Phr. . 
 
 d.ing lips, manantla labra saliva, Juv. ; 
 flulduTi OS salivis (of cattle). Col. ||. 
 Fig. : to indulge in childish nonsense: 
 
 1. deliro, i : Hor. : Cic. 2. in- 
 eptio, 4 : Ter. : Cat. 
 
 driveller : 1. (bomo) deiirus, de- 
 lirans (see L. 6. ^ 6}8) : of a vmter, 
 scriptor deiirus inersque, Hor. : dream- 
 ings of d.s, delirantium somnia, Cic. 
 
 2, (homo) somnians : not of philo- 
 sophers but d.s (lit. dreamers), non phi- 
 losophorum sed somniantium, Cic. 3. 
 (homo) Ineplus; v. silly. 4. blen- 
 nus (rare): PI. Bacch. 5, i, 2: cf. 
 Fore, s, V. 
 
 drivelling (part, adj.) .- dellruf, 
 etc. : V. preced. art. 
 drivelling (subs.) .- Ineptiae, somnia : 
 
 V. NONSENSE. 
 
 driver : 1. agitator : a clever d. 
 a. callidus, Cic. : Virg. 2. auriga, c, 
 (esp. at the games) : Cic. : Suet. (Fhae- 
 than) d. of his father's chariot, currus 
 au. patemi, Ov. 3. moderator (con- 
 troller) : d. of steeds, m. equorum, Qv. 
 4, rector (director) : d. of an ele- 
 phant', elephanti r., Liv. : Curt. : Ov. 
 I'here are also special names for the d.s 
 of certain vehicles, as rbedarius, esse- 
 darius, covinarius, carrucarius, quadri- 
 garius, etc. 
 
 driving (subs.) : (of chariots) auri- 
 gatio. Suet. (But usu. expr. by verb: 
 v. TO drive.) 
 
 driving (part, adj.) : esp. as epith. 
 of ivind, rain, etc. : perh. vebemens, 
 violentus ; v. violent. 
 
 drizzle : 1. roro, i : it d.s before 
 it rains, rorat ante quam pluit, Varr. 
 2. irroro, I : the S. wind d.s, ir. 
 Auster, Col. 
 
 drizzly ; e. g. rain, pluvia minuta 
 itque rorans, cf. Cic. Sen. 14, 46. 
 
 droll (adj.) : 1, ridicillus, ridicii- 
 losua : V. laughable, diverting. 2. 
 
 lepidUS: V. PLEASANT, HUMOROUS. 3, 
 
 facetus : V. FACETIOUS. Phr.: you 
 are a d. fellow, ridicule cogitas ! PI. 
 
 droll (subs.) scurra, sannio : v. buf- 
 foon, jester. 
 
 drollery : 1. tacetlae, arum : v. 
 
 7ACETIOUSNESS, HUMOUR. 2. SCUr- 
 
 vilitas (coarse) : v. buffoonery. Phr.: 
 nothing can exceed the d. of . . ., *nihil 
 potest magls esse ridlculum ; nihil potest 
 esse aptius ad risum ciendum. 
 
 drolly: ridicfUe, facete, festive: v, 
 
 laughably, A.UUSINGLY. 
 2^6 
 
 dromedary : 1. (cameius) drdmas, 
 adis, m.: Liv.: Curt. 2. dr6meda- 
 rius : camels by reason of their excessive 
 swiftness called d.s, tameli quos ob 
 iiimiam velocitatem d. appellant, Hier. 
 (Cameius dromedarius, Cycl.) 
 
 drone (subs.): |. a non-wm-king 
 bee : fucus, i : Virg. : Plin. Fig.: of 
 men (homo) piger, deses : a d. as far as 
 uar is concerned, militiae piger et 
 malus, Hor.: a perfect d. about letter- 
 uriting, ad literas scribendas piger- 
 rimus, Coel. in Cic. : v. sluggish, idle. 
 II. A dull monotonous noise ; bom- 
 bus:" of bees, Varr. ; 0/ a trumpet, 
 Lucr. 
 
 drone («•) • i. I'o live in idleness : 
 
 1. cesso, I : Join: nihil agere 
 et cessare, Cic- v. to idle, loiter. 
 
 2. hebeo, 2 (to be in a state of 
 tmpor), Tac. Ger. 15. Phr. : to (i. 
 away life, vitam desidem, otiosam 
 trahere. ||. To emit a low, dull 
 sound : perh. musso, bombito, i : v. to 
 
 HUM. 
 
 dronish: piger. ignavus, deses: v. 
 idle, lazy. 
 
 droop: A. Intrans. : |. 
 
 Lit.: to hang down : 1. pendeo, 
 dependeo, 2: v. to hang. 2. v6- 
 cumbo, cubui, itum, j : and on his 
 shoulders d.s the sunken neck, inque 
 humeros cervix coUapsa r., Virg. : v. 
 to lean. 3. demitto, misi, missum, 
 } (as rejl., or with pion. rejl.) : golden 
 collars d.ing doun their busimis, aurea 
 pectoribus deniissa monilia, Virg. : see 
 also i»!/?-a (B). ||, To fmie, to incline 
 touards an end : 1. languesco, } : 
 the jlower d.s in death, fios 1. moriens, 
 Virg. 2. flaccesco, 3 : v. to flag, 
 WITHER. 3. inclino, i : v. to de- 
 cline (IL). III. Fig.: to become 
 weak : Phr.: their courage d.s, lis 
 animus cadit, Liv. : v. to dis(X)urage. 
 B. Trans, demitto, ; : the poppy 
 d.s its head, d. caput papaver, Virg. : v. 
 
 TO HANG down. 
 
 drooping : I. Hanging doicn : 
 
 1. pendiilus : d. dei'tap, p.palearia, 
 Ov. 2. flaccidus (flabby): d. ears, 
 f. aures, Col. 3. languidus (that has 
 lost strength to keep erect) : d. sails, 1. 
 carbasa, Lucan. 4. languens, ntis 
 
 (like preced.) : d. ears of com, 1. aristae, 
 Val. Kl. (But languens is also used as 
 natural epithet of the hyacinth : Virg. 
 Aen. II, 69.) II, Fig.: of courage, 
 spirits, etc.; Phr.: d. spirits, animus 
 demissus, fractus, jacens (v. dejected): 
 d. fortunes, incUnata fortuna [et prope 
 Jacens], Cic. 
 
 droopingly : languide, Plin. (Or 
 expr. by adj. under preced. art. : v. 
 L. G.} J45.) 
 
 drop (stibs.) : \. Lit.: 1. 
 
 gutta (a round drop, whether fatting or 
 not) : the d. hollows stone, g. cavat la- 
 pidem, Ov. ; d.s of rain, g. imbrium, 
 Cic. : falling d.s, g. cadentes, Cic. Aiso 
 used in architecture, Vitr. 2. stilla 
 (a d as falling ; a d. as poured from a 
 vessel) : three d.s of the fat being added, 
 ex eo adipe, temis s. additis, Plin. 3. 
 stiria (strictly, a congealed d.) : an un- 
 sightly d. (from the nose), tui-pis St., 
 Mart. : v. icicle. Phr. : d. by d., stil- 
 latim, Varr. : to fall in d.s, stillare, de- 
 stillare, Plin. : to jiour d. by d., instillare, 
 Hor. : d.s of amber, stillata electra, Ov. : 
 that which falls d. by d., stillicidium : 
 V. drip (subs.) II. A small quantity 
 (of a fluid) : 1, stilla : a little d. of 
 oil, s. olei. Mart. 12, 'jo. 2. paulum, 
 pauliilum : v. little (A). |||, An 
 ornament for the person : stalagmia, 
 inaures (bothpZ.) : v. ear-ring. 
 
 drop ("•)■■ A. Trans.: |. 
 
 Lit.: to let faU in drops : 1. stillo, 
 I (more freq. intrans.) : to d. (tears) 
 from the eyes, rorem St. ex oculis, Hor. 
 
 2. instillo, I (to d. a fluid upon 
 something) : to d. oil on the lamp, oleum 
 Inmini ins., Cic. : Hor. : to d. a juice 
 into the ears, succum auribus ins., Plin. 
 
 3. destillo, I (to d. down : rare as 
 trans.) : usu. with cUil. of that which 
 drops: trees which d. perfume, destil- 
 
 lantes odore arbores, Plin. : Tib. 4, 
 irroro, i (like dew): v. to sprinkle. 
 
 II, To let fall : dgmitto, misi, mis- 
 sum, J : to d. a pebble into the urn, cal- 
 culum ill urnam d., Ov. : to d. teart, 
 lacrimas d., Virg. Phr.: to d. tlie 
 curtain (strictly, to lower the curtain, 
 so as to disclose the stage), aulaeum or 
 aulaea preraere, Hor. : to d. a tear, la- 
 crimas dare (with dat. of object), Ov. 
 (v. tear): to d. anchor, ancoram jacere, 
 Caes. : to d. the reins (leave hold of 
 them), habenas remittere. Ov. : have you, 
 d.'d some money, num qui nummi ex- 
 ciderunt tibi ? PI. : v. go (to let). |||, 
 To leave of d/dng, give over (coUoq.): 
 Phr. : tod. an amour, amoiem missum 
 facere, Ter. : let us d. this, haec missa 
 faciamus, Ter. : to d- a friend, amicum 
 negligere, abjicere (v. TO cvt, fin.): to 
 d. an intimacy, familiaritatem omittere, 
 piaecidere (cut it short) : v. to break 
 OFF B. Intrans. : |, To fall 
 
 in drops : 1, stillo, i : honey d.'d 
 from the oak, stillabant de ilice mella, 
 Ov. ; V. to trickle. 2. destlllo, i : 
 a humour d,s from the groin (of the 
 norse), d. inguine virus, Virg. : cf. supr. 
 (J.). 3. (more precisely), stillatim 
 cado, c6cidi, casum, } : Varr. See also 
 to drip. II. To fall to the ground : 
 
 1, delabor, psus, j (from an ele- 
 vated position) : the image that d'd 'loum 
 from heaven, signum de coelo delapsum, 
 Cic. : the fold d.s Jrom the shoulder, ab 
 humero sinus d.,' Quint. 2. decide, 
 J : TO fall down. 3. excido, cidi, 
 } : a« arrmv having d.'d (from his 
 hand) on to his (Chiron's) foot, quum 
 excidisset sagitta in pedem, Plin. : the 
 swords d.'d from (their) hands, gladii 
 de manibus exciderunt, Cic. (v. to fall 
 OCT). Fig.: (these) icords d.'d from 
 h is lips, vox excidit ore, Virg. : lest any 
 should think the words to have d.'d from 
 me uitfiout thinking, ne quis mihl putet 
 temere excidisse, quod dixerim . . ., 
 Quint.: Cic. 4. defluo, xi, xum, j 
 (to become detached, slip off) : the hair 
 d.s off, defiuunt comae, Ov. : his very 
 irreaths began to d.from him. Jam ipsae 
 defluebant roronae, Cic: his body d.'d 
 from his horse to the ground, corpus ex 
 equo defluxit in terram. Curt. 5- 
 fluo, J : the hair d.s off, capilli f., Cels. : 
 (the fruit) niU d. off of itself when ripe, 
 spoiite fluent matura sua, Ov. : Cic. : v. 
 TO SLIP (FROM). Phr.: the teeth d. out, 
 cadunt (excidunt) alicui dentes: v. to 
 
 FALL OUT. 
 
 drop in: i-e- to call upon: 1. 
 venio, intervenio, veni, ventum, 4 : 
 tvhen Cae.'iar d.d in upon me at my 
 Tusculan villa, quum ad me in Tuscu- 
 lanum Caesar venisset, Cic. : unless we 
 happen to have d.'d in at an unsuitable 
 time, nisi forte molesti intcrvenimus, 
 Cic. Or. 2, }, fn. (the inter implies 
 that something, was going on): Ter. 
 2. oppriuio, pressi, ssum, } (with 
 ace): if a guest d.s in upon you at 
 night-fall, si vesperiinus subito te op- 
 presserit hospes, Hor, Phr.: / am in 
 the habit of d.ing in at a party, in- 
 vocutus soleo esse in convivio, PI. : who 
 stiould d. in but my friend Caius, *ecce 
 nobis de improviso Caius mens. 
 
 down upon: ie. to surprise 
 
 (coUoq.): 1. opprimo, pressi, ssum, 
 } : fin' fear the old fellaiv should d. 
 doun upon me, ne senex me op., PI. : his 
 object was to d. doicn upon us when we 
 were napping, id voluit, nos interea os- 
 citantes opprinii, Ter. 2. stiper- 
 
 venio, 4 (with dat.) : v. to surprise. 
 
 dropping (subs.) : stillicidium : v. 
 drip (subs.) P r o V. : a continual d. 
 wears auuy stones, gutta cavat lapidem 
 non vi sed saepe cadendo, Ov. 
 
 dropping (part, adj.): 1. cadu- 
 
 cus : d. water, aquae c, Ov. : v. falling. 
 
 2. stillaticius : Plin. 3, rosci- 
 
 dus (poet) : d. grots, r. antra, Ov. : v. 
 
 WET, de^vy. See also dripping. 
 
 dropping-Well : perh. fons stilla- 
 ticius. 
 
 drop-scene ■ sipdrium, Cic, -. ApuL : 
 V. curtain.
 
 DROPSICAL 
 
 DRUNK 
 
 DRY 
 
 dropsical : hydrOpIcus, Hor. P h r. : 
 to be d., aqua intercute luborare: v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 dropsy : 1. hydrops, opls, ni. ; 
 
 Hor. : Cels. (Strictly a Gk. word, 
 vSpaii/>.) 2. aqua intercus or morbus 
 aquae intercutls, Cic. : Sueu 3. bli\\\a 
 subter cul«m fusa, Plin. 4. hydro- 
 pteis, is, /. ; Plin. 6. morbus sub- 
 terciitaneus, Aur. Vict. 6. (poot.J 
 aquosus languor, Hor. 
 
 dross: I. I.<it. : The refuse thrmim 
 off by metals in melting: 1. spuma 
 (scum-like) : sili'er d., argenti 8., I'lin 
 2. scoriii : the fwnace refuse is in 
 every hind of metal nailed d, quae e 
 camino Jactatiir spurcitia in omni me- 
 tallo scoria appellatur, Plin. H. 4t 2i. 
 II. K i g. : that which is uyiitUless : 
 quisquiliae, ta^x : v. rkfuse, dkegs. 
 
 drossiness : spurcitia : cf. dross 
 
 drossF : *inultam spiircitiam habens. 
 
 drought: 1. slccitas (esp. in 
 
 pi.) : d. and scarcity, s. et iiiopia frug- 
 um, Liv. : very setere d., s. niu.\iina, 
 Cic. : in time of d., in siccitatlbus, 
 Cels.; per siccitates, Plin.; siccitatibus 
 (without prep), Plin. 2. arlditas: 
 Arnob. : v. dbtness. 3. sitis, is, /. 
 (poet.) : lands cracldng u-ith d., hiulca 
 8iii arva, VIrg. : v. thiest. 
 
 droughty • siccus, arldus, siccltate 
 laborans : v. dry, parched. 
 
 dbrove : RTe.\, gregls, m. : a d. of 
 acen and other cattle, g. armentorum 
 reliquique pecoris. Cic. : v. herd. 
 
 drover: p^cuarius, armentarius: v. 
 
 HERDSilAN. 
 
 drown : I. L i t. : to destroy by 
 water: \. submergo, si,sum, }: d.'d 
 tn crossing the river Albula, in trajectu 
 Albulae amiiis submersus, Liv. : d.'d in 
 mid ocean, medio in fluctu submersus, 
 Virg.: Tac. : v. to overwhelm. 2. 
 mergo, si, sum, ? (to plunge in the water : 
 the notion oi death must l)e gathered from 
 the conte.\t) : vho snatched thee from, 
 us and d.'d thee in mid ocean, quis te 
 eripuit nobis, medioque sub aequore 
 mersit? Virg. A. 6, 542: cf. J48 : v. to 
 pi.tTNGE. 3. demerge, ? (like preced.) 
 {Tiherinus) d.'d in the waters of the 
 Tuscan stream, in Tuscl deniersus flu- 
 minis undis, Ov. 4. haurio, si, stum, 
 4 (to sivallow up) : to be d.'d in the 
 eddies, gurgitibus bauriri. Tac. : Curt. 
 P h r. : to be d.'d, in aqua perire, Cic. 
 (in Kr.). ||. Fig.: to overwhelm: 
 P h r. : to d. core in bumpers of wine, 
 curam multo diluere vino, Hor. ; curas 
 pellere vino, Hor. : each strove to d. the 
 other's voice, certatim alter alteri ob- 
 strepere, Liv. : Cic. : the voice is d.'d 
 (suaUoued up, as by a badly constructed 
 building), vo.x devoratur aedificio par- 
 um ad agendum apto, cf. Plin. 11, 51, 
 112: V. LOST (tore). Ill, Also fig., 
 chiefly in pass., to be absorbed in any- 
 thing : P h r. : d.'d in sleep and 
 wine, somno vinoque sepultus, Virg. : 
 to be d.'d in pleasure, voluptatibus de- 
 ditum esse, totum esse in voluptatibus : 
 
 V. DEVOTED, GI\EN UP (T<1 BE). 
 
 drowning (sK^s-) •■ Phv.: todieby 
 sword, lire, d., *ferro, igne, aqua perire: 
 
 V. TO DROWN. 
 
 drowsily : 1. somniculose : to 
 perform orders d., imperia alicujus s. 
 persequi, PI. 2. oscltantcr : Cic, 
 who joins tam solute agere, tarn leniter, 
 tam oscitanter. Brut. 80, 277. 3. 
 expr. by part, of dormito, osrito: to 
 talk d., *dormitanlis modo, quasi osci- 
 lantemloqui: v. To doze. 
 
 drowsiness: I. ^ disposition to 
 
 sleep: 1. somnus (strictly sleep : 
 q. V.) : overcome icith sport and d., ludo 
 fatigatnmque somno, Hor. Od. j, 4, 1 1 : 
 eimly, somno fessus, Tib. i, j, 88: 
 more precisely, 2. somni c&piditai 
 (cupido): V. DESIRE. 3. somnolentia 
 (v. rare) : Sidon. ||, Habitual slack- 
 ness and inactivitji : 1. somnus (in 
 rhetorical passage-s) : the d. of Lentulus, 
 3. Lentuli, Cic. Cat. (, 7, 16. 2. pigritia, 
 ignavia, etc ; v, ikactiviiv, sllggish- 
 Kfise, 
 
 drowsy: I. inclined to sleep: 
 
 sSmisomnus or sSmisomnis, e ; s<jmni- 
 culOsus (as permanent quality), sorano- 
 lentus . V. .SLEEPV, half-asleep. P h r. : 
 to be or feel d., dormitare, I'l. Amph. 2, 
 2, 1 85: Cic. II. Causing sleep : 1. 
 sCiporiler, gra, erum : the d. poppy, s. 
 papaver, Virg. : Plin. 2. siiniiiiflcus: 
 Plin. 3. sdporus: v. soporiferols. 
 Ill, Fig.: sluggish, inactive : som- 
 niciilOsus : an inactive, sluggish, d. old 
 age, iners, ignava, s. senectus, Cic : v. 
 
 SLCGGISH. 
 
 drub ("■) •■ puUo, mulco, i : t. to 
 maul, belabour. To be d.'d, vapiilo, i ; 
 Ter. 
 
 drubbing (fuJ's) •• expr. by verb: he 
 with d., aiul I with being drubbed, ille 
 verberando, ego vapulando, Ter. : to 
 give a }>ersoti a goodd., aliquem male 
 mulcare, bene depexum dare : v. dress- 
 ing. 
 
 drudge ("•) •■ *laborando me crucio, 
 fatij;o, ilelatigo (v. to toil), servilibus 
 officiis nimis altente fungor, cf. Ter. 
 Heaut. I, I, 14. (Operam servam hab- 
 ere, PI. Pers. 2, 4, 9, is '0 have one's 
 services at tlte disposal of another.) 
 
 drudge (subs.) : 1. mediasllnus 
 (a Jarm servant of all work) : fa>Tn>:rs' 
 d.s, m. rustici, Cic. 2. (homo) pla- 
 giger, plagip&tida, plag^gerulus (one uho 
 lias to put up with being cuffed) : PI. 
 3. homo clitellarlus (pack-saddle 
 man; comice), PI. Most {,2,94. Phr. : 
 don't make a d. of yourself, ne labura ! 
 Ter. ; ne labore te crucia, cf. Ter. Heaut 
 I, I, 29. 
 
 drudgery : opera serviUs, oflicla ser- 
 vilia : v. servile. 
 
 drug (subs.) : 1. vgnenum (ori- 
 ginally a neutral word, but used mostiy 
 in bad sense) : poisonous dj, v. mala. 
 Sail. : Hor. : v. poison. 2. mfidlca- 
 mentum (anything administered medi- 
 cally) : to produce abortion by means of 
 d.v, medicamentis partum abigere, Cic. 
 ■p h r. : to fee a.d. in the market, jacere, 
 Cic. 
 
 drug (w.) •• 1. mfidico, r (to treat 
 vith drugs in any way) : a cake ren- 
 dered soporiferous uith d.'d grain, so- 
 porata medicatis frugibus oSfa, Virg. A. 
 6, 420. 2. potiono, I (v. rare) : d.'d 
 with a love-philtre, medicamento amat- 
 orio polionatus. Suet. Phr.: to d. a 
 draught, *poculo medicamentum [sopo- 
 riferum] addere, infundere. 
 
 drugget: *textilium genus crassum. 
 
 druggist : medlcamentarius : v. 
 apothecary, a d.'s shop, medicament- 
 aria (sc. u\bema). 
 
 druid : (oidy in pi.) Druldes, um or 
 Druidae, arum, to. : over all these D.s 
 there is one president, his omnibus 
 Druidibus unus praeest, Caes. : Tac. 
 (who uses the form Druidae). The sing. 
 may be expr. ils above by means of 
 unus, etc. : his father was a D., "pater 
 ei e genere Druidum fuit ; or In poetry, 
 Druida, ae. A female D., Druias, adis, 
 Lampr. 
 
 druidical: gen. of Druidae, Druldes: 
 
 d. remains, »Druidarnm monumenta. 
 druidism : Druidum or Druidarum 
 
 disciplina, cf. CJaes. B. G. 6, 14, /n. 
 
 drum («"**'•) ■■ tympanum (tomfeoMr- 
 ine or cymbal) : Hor. : Ov. : to beat a 
 d., t. pulsare : v. to beat. Kettle-d.s, 
 tympana aenea (R. and A.). The d. of 
 the ear, *tympanura, quod dicitur, auris. 
 
 drum (I'O •• Ph r. : to d. soldiers out 
 of the army, milites cum ignominia 
 dimittere, Liv. 
 
 drummer : tympanista (one who 
 strilces the cymbaf) : Apul. 
 
 drum-Stick: P<^rh. (tympani) mal- 
 leus, malleolus (hammer). 
 
 drunk or drunken (part, adj.): 
 
 1. cbrius (at the time) : the fellow 
 
 is d., homo hie e. est, PI. : cries of d.en 
 
 TO«H, voces ebriorum, Cic. : d.en language, 
 
 e. verba. Mart. Fig.: d. with delicious 
 fortune, fortunft dulci e, Hor. : d. with 
 
 the blood of citizens, sanguine civlum 
 e., Plin. 2. ebriosus (ftai)i(«a;/.v) : 
 d.en and lecherous, e. et mulierosus, 
 Cic ; Cat. 3, tcmideutus (m senses 
 
 of both the preceding) : you are d., 
 temulenta es I Ter. : a d.en woman, t 
 mulier, Ter. : Cic. 4. vinOlentue 
 
 (jull of u-ine) : dreams of d.en men, 
 ^inoleDto^um somnia, Cic : d. fury, v. 
 furor, Cic. 5. expr. by an aijj. with 
 vinum: vinlplenus,Cic. ; vinolanguidus, 
 Cic. ; vino mersus (dead d.), Liv. = vino 
 sepultus, Virg. 6. uvldus (in one's 
 cups : poet.) : Hor. I' h r. : to make a 
 man d., vluo aliquem deponere, PL ; 
 onerare, Liv. (v. to intoxicate): he is to 
 d. that he can scarcely keep his eyes open, 
 vix prae vino palpebral suslinet, Titius 
 ill Macr. to get d.. muiiescere. Front, ; 
 nimio marcescere vino, Ov. : do J teem to 
 you at all d., ccquid tibi videor madere I 
 PI.: slightly d., ebriolus, PL 
 
 drunkenly : lenitilenter, (3oL (Or 
 use aiij,, cl. U G. ij J4J.) 
 
 drunkenness : l._ebri5tas (the 
 
 Statf), Cic. ; .Sell. 2. ebriosltas (the 
 
 vice), Cic. 3. temulentia (the slate or 
 the vice), Plln. 4. vinoli/ntla (the 
 
 vice), Cic. 5. (by meton.) vinum: v. 
 
 WINE. 
 
 dry (cy.) •■ I. Without moisture ; 
 
 1, siaus (not tcet) : a d. soil, s. 
 solum, C^uiiit. : d. days, s. dies, Hor. : 
 d. bread, s. panis, Plin. : d. (unvetted) 
 feet, s. pedes, Ov. : the pitcher stood d. 
 
 (without vater), stetit uma s., Hor. 
 
 2. siccaneus (like siccus, but only 
 of soil) : a d. spot, meadow : locus, 
 pratum s.. Col. (The form siccanus 
 occurs In Plin., of trees groum in a dry 
 soil, 16, 17. 29.) 3. arldus (dry 
 throughout, as fuel ; parclied) : d. vond, 
 a. lignum, PI.: d. fuel, a. nutrimenla 
 (ignis), Virg. : o d. (crackling) sound, a. 
 Sonus, Virg. 4. areiis, litis (=ari- 
 dus) : Virg. : Tac. 5. lorrldus (dried 
 up) : a d. spring, fons t., Liv. I' h r. : 
 to make (drink) d., siccare (v. to dry) : 
 to be d., arere, Ov. : Cato : to feecom* d.. 
 siccescere. Col. : Plin. ; arescere, PL : 
 Cic. (v. to dry, B.) : that season irai 
 excessively d., siccitate eo anno plu- 
 rlmum laboratum est, Liv. See also 
 dkied. II, iVo( covered wiUi uater: 
 chiefly in phr. d. land: 1. siccum 
 (prob. not found in prose except after a 
 prep.) : on d. land, in sicco, Plin. : the 
 (ships') beaks are on d. land, rostra te- 
 nent siccum, Virg. The plur. form sicca 
 also occurs. 2. aridum (like preced.) : 
 to haul up ships on d. land, naves in 
 aridum subducere, Caes..: Ov. |||, 
 Thirsty : siiiens, siccus : v. thibstt. 
 
 IV. Uninteresting : 1. aridus : 
 a d. and sapless style, a. et exsangue 
 genus orationis, Auct. Her. : exceed- 
 ingly d. treatises, aridissimi librl, Auct. 
 Dial. Or. : Cic. (N.B. Not siccus, which 
 is rather an epithet of praise ; terse, 
 sinewy.) 2. jSjunus: v. meagre. 
 
 3. fiigidus (tritliout life or fresh- 
 ness) : v. FLAT. 4. exsuccus (sapless) : 
 Join: (orator) arldus et e.xsuccus et 
 e.xsanguls. Quint. 5. exsanpuis, e: 
 V. supr. V. rlain, unembeilished: 
 siccus, austgrus, pressus : v. terse. 
 
 VI. As epith. of a joke, cool and 
 cutting : 1. scitus (shreicd) : a d. 
 saying, s. (dictum), Cic. Div. 2, 24, 51 : 
 Tac. 2. perh. austenis : a d. k-ind of 
 humour, *quasi austerum quoddam Jo- 
 candi genus: v. severe. VII. ■** 
 epith. of wine, vrithaut lusciousness : 
 perh. austerus or as softened compar., 
 austorior : v. soua 
 
 dry (P): A. Trans.: ]. To 
 dispel moisture: 1. sicco, i (to re- 
 move wetness) : the sun d.s the deny 
 grass, sol pruinosas s. hcrbas, Ov. : to d. 
 (drain) nuirsh'S, paludes s., Cic. : to d. 
 and H-ipe off blood, cruorem s. et de- 
 tergere. Cell. : to d. anything in the 
 sun, s. aliquid In sole, Plin. : to d. one's 
 tears, lacrinias s.. Prop. 2. exsicco, 
 
 I (like sicco, but stronger): to d. any- 
 thing in the sun, ex. aliquid in sole. 
 CoL: Plin. 3. desicco. i (like pre- 
 ced.) : PI. : Apul. 4. assicco, I 
 (= sicco) : Col. 5. arffticio. (M, 
 factum, J (to d. throughout) : to be d.'d 
 in an one", arefieri in fumo. Plin.: to 
 d. oil-scum, amurcam arfacere (sync),
 
 DRY UP 
 
 Cato T Van-. 6. torreo, 2 ; torrgfficio, 
 } (to dry thoroughly, roast) : Col. ||. 
 To wipe aivay (tears) : 1. abstergeo, 
 si, sum, z: to d. a friend's tears, abs. 
 oculos aniiculo. Curt. ; abs. fleium, Cic. 
 2. sicco, I. V. sitpr. (1). Phr.: 
 d. your tears, ne lacrinia, mittc lacrimas ! 
 Ter. B. In trans.: to become d., 
 
 1, siccesco I (rare): to lay in the 
 tun or in an (men tod., in sole exponere 
 aut in furno, ut siccescat, Plin. : Col. 
 
 2. exsiccesco, ; ; Viir. 3. aresco, 
 J {to become quite dry, to d. up) : tears 
 soon d., cito a. lacrima, Cic. ; f'lin. 4. 
 inaresco, ; (= preced.) . to d. in the 
 nm, in sole in., Plin. : Vitr. : Quint. 
 
 5. sicco, I (with ellipsis of pron. 
 rejl.) :' Apul. To begin tod., subarescere, 
 Vitr. 
 
 dry up: I. Trans.: arelacio, 
 sicco, exsicco: v. to ury (A.). ||. 
 X n t r a n s. : aresco, inaresco, 3 : v. to 
 DRY (B.). 
 
 Dirad: Dryas, adls,/.; Virg. : Ov. 
 
 dry-eyed: siccis ocuUs, Hor. Od. I, 
 
 J, 18. 
 dry-land : aridum : v. dry (II.). 
 dryness : |. L i t. : ahsemx of 
 
 nwisture : 1. sieciias (most gen. 
 
 term) : snch is its d., it crumbles, tanta 
 est s., friatur. I'lin. : esp. of weather : 
 V. DROUGHT. 2. aridiias (perfect d.): 
 Plin. 3. arftiido, inis,/. (=arlditas: 
 rare): PI.: Vurr. ||. Fig.: want of 
 freshness and interest : 1. perh. arld- 
 Itas (cf. DRV. IV. : though the subs, 
 does nut occur in this sense). 2. 
 
 expr. by aridns: as, d. of style, *aridiim 
 sernionis (orationis) genus ; to amid d., 
 *\A agere, ne aridus, exsanguisque sernio 
 fiat: V. DRY. III. Of humour: I'hr. : 
 remarkatjle for the d. of his hun.our, 
 •insignis genere quodam jocandi festivo 
 eodemque simulatore ( tristitiae speciein 
 praebentel . cf. Cic. Off. i, }o, 108. 
 
 dry-nurse : nutrix assa .- cf. Juv. 
 14, 208. 
 dry-rot : perh. roblgo, inis, /. : v. 
 
 CANKER. 
 
 dry-shod: siccis pedltus, Ov. : or 
 ■limply siccus ; v. dry. 
 
 dual : dualis, e : Quint. 
 
 dualism: *dualismus, qui diciiur; 
 opinio eorum qui binos dcos esse sta- 
 tuunt. (Manichaeorum opinio, Mani- 
 chaeismus.) 
 
 duality : duplex natura : v. two- 
 fold. 
 
 dub: Ptr. : he Mos d.'d a knight, 
 *in ordinem equituni adscitus est. 
 
 dubious: dribius; de quo dubitari 
 
 possit: V. DOUBTFUL. 
 
 dubiously : ambigue, dubie : v. 
 
 DOUBTFULLY. AMBIGUOU.sLY. 
 
 dubiousness: dubietas: v. doubt- 
 
 FCLKlisS. 
 
 ducal: *ducalis, e: v, Du C, s. v. 
 (Or gen. of dux: the d. grounds, ducis 
 borti : v. duke.) 
 
 ducat : *diicatus, i : v. Pu C, s. t. 
 
 duchess : *ducissa : Bymer in Du C. 
 
 duchy: *dvicatus, us: v. Du C, s. v. 
 
 duck {subs.) : anas, atis, /. : a bevy 
 of d.s, anatum grex, Varr. : d.s' egys, 
 anatum ova, Cic. IHmin , anaticiila, 
 Cic. Phr.: to play d.s and drakes, 
 testas irrotare super aquam, Min. Fel. : 
 T. DRAKE. (For duck as term of fond- 
 ling, V. DARLING.) 
 
 duck (t'O •• mergo, submergo, de- 
 niergo, } : v. to dip, plunge. 
 
 ducking (subs.) : Phr.: I'll give 
 him a d. in the river, *in flumine de- 
 mersum dabo : to get a d. (in the rain), 
 *madescere or niadefieri pluvia (imbre) : 
 y. to drench. 
 
 duckling; anatlcula :_Cic. 
 
 duct : fOramen, apertura : v. open- 
 ing, PASSAGE. 
 
 ductile : ductilis, e (capable of being 
 draion out): Plin. (For fig. sense v. 
 
 DOCn.E, PLIABLE.) 
 
 ductility : expr. by adj. (a sub- 
 stance) of extreme d., prae aliis ductilis, 
 ductilem naturam habens : see also pli- 
 
 ABIUTY. 
 
 dudgeon : P h r. : to ta/.v u thing in 
 d., aegre, moleste ferre aliquid, sto- 
 2i8 
 
 DULL 
 
 machari : Jte totes a fit of d at luxury, 
 stoniacbuni illi fecit luxuria, Sen. Ep. 
 1 1 2, J : V. VEXED (to BE) ; and djsgcst. 
 Aneiadj.): I. Of money: debitus: 
 money Imig d., pecunia Jamdiu d., Cic. 
 Phr.: to be d., deberi, Cic: to clahn 
 money not yet d., ante peiere pecuniam 
 quam coepta est deberi, Cic. : to pay 
 money t,efore it becomes d., pecuniam 
 lepraesentare, Cic. : to fall d. on a certain 
 day, in (certam) diem cadere, Cic. Att. 
 1 5, io,ad fin. : the money falls d. on the 
 I ith of y'ov., diem pecuniae Id. Novemb. 
 esse, Cic Att. 10, ;, ad fin. ||. Of 
 other things leet I i-arned, merited : 1, 
 debitus: to render the gratitude d. to 
 any one, [justam et] d. gratiam alicui 
 referre, Cic. : d. retribution, d. praemia, 
 Virg. 2. Justus: v. supr. (I), and 
 just. 3. mgritus: d. honours {sacri- 
 fices), m. hoiiores. Virg. Join: meritus 
 ac debitus, Cic. 4. idoneus : v. Frr, 
 
 SUITABLE. 5. dignus : v. WORTHY. 
 
 Phr.: to be d. on any onu's part, deheri 
 ab aliquo, Cic: reverence is d. to the 
 gods, *deos colere atque vereri oportet 
 in d.foi TO, rite, Liv. : Cic 
 
 due («"''«•)■" I. J" general sense: 
 1. Jus, Jflris, n. {lawful right) : v. 
 RIGHT (subs.). 2. debitum : to pay 
 miture her d., naturae d. reddere, Nep. : 
 to demand favours as om's d., beneticia 
 pro debitisexigere, t.'ic. Phr. to pay 
 every one his d., suum cuique tribuere, 
 Cic : to pai/ the {last) d.s to any one. 
 justa (alicui) solvere, Nep. : to give slaves 
 their d., justa servis praebere, Cic. ||. 
 Only in ;'/., imposts . port-d.s, porto- 
 rium, portoria {pL). Cic. : Hirt. : heavy 
 d.s, magna portoria. Caes. : pasture d.s, 
 scrlpiura. Cic : v. tax. 
 
 due {ado.) : i. e. exactly in the direc- 
 timi of: recia {sc. via) v. direct {adv.) 
 Phr.: to steer d. tcest. *ipsum occi- 
 deniem petere, cf. L. <i. ^ ?"76. 
 
 duel : 1. singiilare certamen 
 
 (single combat), Flor. (but v. combat, 
 fin.). 2. more precisely, *pugna 
 
 ex proviicatione inita v. challenge. 
 Phr.; to kill an enemy in a d. (lit. by 
 cliallenge). hosteni ex provocatione in- 
 terimere, Veil. : Plin. : to challenge any 
 one to a d., provocare aliquem ad pug- 
 nam : v. to challenge. 
 
 duelling : *nius ex provocatione 
 dimicandi : v. preced. art. 
 
 duet: biclnium : "quum duo canunt 
 biciniuni appellatnr," Isid. Phr.: to 
 perform d.s, * binos cantare (ftdibus, 
 etc.) canere. 
 
 dug (subs.) : 1, fiber, eris, n. : 
 the d.s of a mare, equina u., Hor. : v. 
 TEAT. 2. papilla: V. nipple. 
 
 dug (part, adj.) : fossllis, e : d. salt, 
 t. sal, Varr. : tliii. 
 
 duke : <lux, ducis : M. L. 
 
 dukedom : *dticatus, us : v. Du C 
 s. v. 
 
 dulcet (a<y-) •• dulcis, mellifluus : v. 
 sweet. 
 
 dulcimer : perh. sambilca : Pers. : 
 Macr. 
 
 dull (adj.) : I. Of colours, opp. to 
 bright : 1, hebes, etis : a d. colour, 
 color h., Ov. : Plin.: an eye naturally 
 d., h. natura oculus, Plin. 2. rgmis- 
 sus : a somewfuit d. colour, color re- 
 missior. Sen. N. Q. i, i, 6 : a d.er kind 
 of carbuncle, remissior caibunculus, 
 Plin. 3. surdus : a d. colour, 3. 
 color. Plia 4. languidus : v. faint. 
 See also dim. ||. Of cutting instru- 
 ments, not sharp : hebes : v. blunt. 
 III. Of sounds, low, heavy : Phr.: 
 a d. murmur, ciecum murmur, Virg. : 
 d. (heavy) blows, surdi ictus, Plin. : 
 Quint. IV. Of the sky or weather, 
 overcast : niibilus, subniibilus, caligino- 
 sus : V. cloudy, dark. V- Of the 
 mind, 'ranting quickness of perception : 
 1. tardus : a d. mind, t. ingenium, 
 Cic. : naturally snmewhat d., naturS 
 tardiur, Cic. Join: (sensus) hebetes, 
 tardi, pingues, Cic. 2. hgbes, fitis: 
 somen hat d. ears, kein eyes, aures hebe- 
 tiores, oculos acres et acuti, Cic. : a d. 
 mind, h. ingenium, Cic : v. stupid. 3. 
 obtusus (esp. i>ed of sight ; v. DUI) : to 
 
 DUMPY 
 
 be of naturally d. mind, ob. ingenio 
 esse, Gell. : Cic Phr.: to render d. 
 hebetare (v. foil, art.) : to grow ct, 
 hebescere, Cic. : d. at love's work, fri- 
 gidus in Venerem, Virg. yi. Cm»- 
 teresting, wanting life or freshness • 
 
 1. frigidus: d., forced jokes, f. et 
 arcessiti joci. Suet. . Cic. : d. business, 
 f. negotia, Plin. Ep. 2. insulsus (lit. 
 insipid : q. v.) : Cic. is fond of using 
 the word with a negative : a kind c/ 
 jest that is by no means d., nori ins. 
 genus (ridiculi), de Oi. 2, 64, 259 • a d. 
 fellow, *iDs. caput : v. fellow. VII. 
 
 In low spirits : tristis, subtristis; animo 
 demisso, fracto : v. sad, melancholy, 
 dejected. Miscell. Phr. : ad. mar- 
 ket, *mercatus infrequens (ill-attended), 
 frigidior (cf. supr. VI., 1 ) : ( 'aesar had 
 met with a d. reception, Caesar mor.tuo 
 plausu venerat, Cic. 
 
 dull (v.) •• I. 'I'o '"^ off tlie bright- 
 ness of : obsciiro, hebeto, 1 : v. to dim, 
 SULLY. II. To take off the edge or 
 Iceenness oj : 1. hgbSto, i : v. to 
 BLUNT. 2, obtundo, siapefacio, j : v. 
 
 TO DEADEN. 
 
 dullard : homo brums, bardus, blen- 
 nus v. STUPID, fool, blockhead. 
 dully : 1. languide : v. faintly. 
 
 2, friglde (v. dull, VI., 1): Cic: 
 Quint. 
 
 dulness: I. Of colours, etc. : 1. 
 hebeiatio: v. DIMNESS. 2. languor: 
 
 d. of jewels, 1. genimarum, Plin. : v. 
 faintness. 3. fuscitas (any dark 
 hue): Apul. ||. Of the mmA. sUrw- 
 
 ness of perception : 1. tarditas : d. 
 of icii, t. ingeuli, Cic 2. staplditas: 
 V. STUPIDITY. 3. insulsitas (esp. want 
 oj taste) : Cic |||, Lack of interest : 
 
 1. laediura : v. weakisomekess. 
 
 2. P' rh. iiisulsitas : cf. Att. i;, 29 
 (insulsiias villae). 3. expr. by adj. 
 or verb: tli£ d. 0/ this place is astonish- 
 ing, *incrpd.bile est quam hie omnia 
 refrigescani: what can exceed the d. of 
 Ulubrae, 'Ulubiis quid desertius esse 
 potest .' nothing can exceed the d. of the 
 book, *hoc libro nil potest esse insulsius : 
 V. DULL, flat. 
 
 duly: L "te (according to cere- 
 monial or precedent) : Liv.: Virg. 2. 
 solemniter oi- soUemniter (or-enniter: 
 like rite) . all the ceremonies having 
 been d. poformed, omnibus s. peractis, 
 Liv.: Plin. 3. recte, ut par est: v. 
 
 rightly, PROiERLY. 
 
 dunib : 1. nmtus (prop, of per- 
 sons with defect of speech : also in gen. 
 sense) : d. by nature, naturaliter m., 
 Plin. : d. brutes, m. pecudes, Cic. : d. 
 fishes, m. pisces, Hor. : d. arts (as paint- 
 ing), m. artes, Cic. 2. elinguis, e : 
 (liaving nothing to say) : v. speechless. 
 (Cic Joins mutum forum, elinguem cur- 
 iam, in Sen. j, 6.) 3. infans, ntis (as 
 an infant, or from modesty) ; v. speech- 
 less. 4. linguae usu delectus {having 
 lost the power of speech) : Val. Max. 
 Phr.: to be struck d. (fig.), obmutes- 
 cere, Cic. : to signify anything in d. 
 show, aliquid gestu significare, Ov. 
 
 dumb-bells : perhaps llbramenta 
 (iceights used to balance anything). 
 
 dumb-founder : obstupetacio, j : 
 V. TO CONFOUND. To be d.'d, obmutes- 
 cere, Cic 
 
 dumbly : use adj. mutus . cf. L. G. 
 
 dumbness : 1. expr. by mutus : 
 d. is better than foolish talking, satius 
 est mutum esse quam vana loqui ■ v. 
 DUMB. 2. *fandi imp6teniia, Bau. in 
 Kr. 3. infantia linguae, Lucr. Phr. 
 he ivas seized " ith d., *defecit ei linguae 
 usus; vocis usus (repente) interemptus 
 est : to cure d., *mutis mederi : v. dumb. 
 
 dummy: *muta persona (an actor 
 who has nothing to speak), Kr. 
 
 dumb-show: (mutus) gestus, us 
 V. gesture. 
 
 dumpish : subtristis, e : V. Duix 
 (VII.). 
 
 dumioling : *farinae subactae globu- 
 lus. 
 
 dumpy : brevis atque obesus, SoeU 
 vit. Hor. ad fin
 
 DUN 
 
 D USKT 
 
 D UTT 
 
 dun (oulj.) : I. "/ o diiH brown 
 colour : perh. fuscus (pec<.r;i ni({ra aut 
 fusca, Pliii. Ji. 2, lo), or rubidus : v. I 
 BROWS. (Nol gilvus, which isa i/elUiu- ] 
 ish colour.) ||. In gen. sense, daric : 
 
 L luscus the d. it-inffs (of night), 
 f. alae, Vlrg. : d. clouds. 1. nubila, Ov. 
 
 2. furvus (= fuscus : poet.) : Hur. 
 
 3." ater (stronger than the Eng.) : 
 
 ▼.DARK, GLOOMY. 
 
 dun {subs.) : i. e. an importunate 
 creditor: flagllator, I'l. : Gt-11. 
 
 dun (''•)■• flagito, I (to tknuind any- 
 thing importunalely) : cl. " Uitcrim quo- 
 tidie Ca<sar Aeduos frunnntum Jlagil- 
 are," Caes. B. G. I, i6 v. T« i>emand. 
 
 dunce : homo stupidus, bardus, blen- 
 nus, elc. : Ziipyrus primouiiced Socrates 
 a d., /upyrus stupidum esse et bardum 
 dixit j>ucraiem. CIc. : v. fool, block- 
 head. 
 
 dunder-pate : P^rh. bare, onis, m. : 
 Cic. Kin. 2, 2(, •)6. 
 
 dung (.subs.) : 1. stercus, 6ris, n. 
 (0/ all kinds of animals) : horse d., s. 
 equinum. Varr. : doves' d., s. colum- 
 binum. Varr.: PUn.: Cic.: v. manure. 
 
 2. fimus or limum (a less offensive 
 word than siercus : also used of slippery 
 mild. Virg. A. 5, }}l) : they use coir-d. 
 instead of fire-uond, f. bubulo pro ligiiis 
 utuntur, Liv. : I'l in. 3. merda (esp. 
 of birds or smaller animals : often jpl.) : 
 to have one's head soiled n-ith birds'-d., 
 Dierdis caput inquinari corvorum, Hor. : 
 Hhaedr. P h r. : to count a thirty but d., 
 *aliquid pro nlhilo habere; vili, flucci, 
 pendere: v. to value. (Vhe Vulg. has 
 arbilror ut stercora, Hhilipp. iii. 8.) 
 
 dung ("•) ■■ I. ''" «^"''' ""^ faeces : 
 caco, I : Hor. : Phaedr. ||. To manure : 
 sterc6ro, l : v. to manure. 
 
 dungeon : 1. career, eris, m. . 
 
 V. prison. 2. robur, 6ris, n. (the 
 inner keep of a prison) : to die in the 
 gloom of a d., in r. et in tenebris e.\- 
 spirare, Liv. }8, 59, /"••■ the d. of the 
 state prison at Rome was called TuUi- 
 anum, sc. robur. Sail. Cat. 5; : Apul. 
 
 3. ergastulum (for slaves): Cic: 
 Liv. P h r. : to be thrown into a d., in 
 vincula conjici, Cic. 
 
 dung-hill: I. Lit.: 1. ster- 
 quilinium • Pro v.: evi'ry co<:lc is maMer 
 on his own d., pallus in s. suo plurimum 
 potest. Sen. : Varr. : Col. 2. finie- 
 tum: Plin. ||. Fig.: an exceedinijly 
 base condition : bom on a d., infinio 
 loco natus, Cic. : to ivallow on a d., in 
 coeno volvi, Lucr. J, •)•): as term of 
 gross abuse, stercus (e. g. curiae), cf. 
 Cic. de Or. {, 41. 164. 
 
 duodecimal : duodenarius, Varr. 
 
 dupe ("•)•' 1. ducto, I ("to lead 
 by tlie nose ") : to d. any one by arti- 
 Jices, aliquem dolis d., PI. 2. lacto, 
 I : v. to cajole. 3. deeipio, j : v. 
 TO DECEn-E. 4. ludifico, I : V. to 
 fool. 
 
 dupe (subs.) : (homo) credulus : / 
 am ready enough to be iinjiosid nprni in 
 this matter, and become a d., verln niilii 
 dari facile patior in hoc, mcqui' libeiiter 
 praebeo c, < ic. : cf. Hor. (W. 1 , 5,9. 
 P h r. : to use a man as your d., ludibrio 
 aliquem habere: v. LAOGHiNG-sTOtK. 
 
 duplicate (subs.): exemplum, ex- 
 emplar : tlie d.of a u-ill, tabulae tesla- 
 nienti alterae, eodem exempio, C.ies. 
 B.C. }, 108 : there is a d. of i hat uork 
 in the library, *ejus libri biiia exsistuut 
 in bibliotheca exeniplaria: v. coi'Y. 
 
 duplication: dupUcatio: Sen. 
 
 duplicity : fallacia : V. DKCErrFUi.- 
 NEss. (Or cxpr. by adj., to tell of the d. 
 of Ulysses, duplicem meniorare Ulyssem, 
 cf. Hor. Od. 1,6, •;.) 
 
 durability: 1. firmitas: d. of 
 buildiiiys. f. aedificiorum, Vitr. : Caes. 
 2. stabiliias : to hare some d. (of 
 opinions iihich have stood), allquid sta- 
 bililatis habere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 50, 85: </. 
 0/ fortune, s. foriunae. Cic. : v. sted- 
 fasTness. 3. peipetuitas • to secure 
 the d. of records, ad p. monuraentorum, 
 Plin. : V. I'ERi'hrruiTY. 4. very oft. 
 better expr. by verb or adj. : do you 
 believe in the d. of that friendship, 
 
 *nun8uram credls eam amicitiam ? such 
 is the d. of the timber, *tam tirma tani- 
 que durabilis esi materies, etc.: v. dur- 
 able and TO FjfDUKh- 
 
 durable : 1. firmus (having firm- 
 ness and strength of ftruclurr) : v. 
 FiRJi, STRONG. 2. stibllls. e (not in 
 a mau-rlal sense) Join: firmi et sta- 
 biles et constanies (amici), Cic. : v. !frEi>- 
 fast. 3. pCrennts, e (in this senw 
 esp. poet.): a monument nioie d. tlian 
 brass, nionumentum aere perennius, 
 Hor. : d. adamant, p. adamas, Ov. 4. 
 I)erp6tuus (uninlerruptrd, never-ending . 
 life-long) : Join: Brraa et perpelua 
 amicitia, Cic. : v. perpetual, everlast- 
 ing. 5. raansiirus: v. abiding. 6. 
 diirabilis (of a nature to last) : Ov. 7. 
 
 Solldus : V. SUBSTANTIAL. 
 
 durably : finne, firmltei ; slSbTliter, 
 
 SCUde : V. FIRMLY. 
 
 durance: custodia; vincula, career : 
 
 V IMHKIMJNMENT. 
 
 duration : I. The act or state of 
 enduring : expr. by verb : he prophesied 
 the d. of tlie Trojan war, 'praedlxil 
 q\iot annus duraiurum esset belluni 
 Trojanuin nor u-as Us d. long, 'nee diu 
 permansit : v. to endure. ||. The 
 period of time itself: 1. spatluin 
 tlie d. of past time, sp. praetertti tein por- 
 ts, Cic. : in so long a d. of time, uim 
 longo sp., Cic. : v. space. 2. tempus. 
 Oris, JI. : to fix a limit to the d. (of an 
 otBce), modiim temporis imponere, Liv. : 
 the d. of a year, annuum t., Cic. : v. 
 TIME, period. 3. Qong d). diutunii- 
 tas : not so much by the greatness of the 
 office as by its (long) d., non tarn niag- 
 liitudine honoris quam diuturnllate, 
 Liv. : the lotig d. of the var, d. bt-Ui, 
 Nep. : Cic. 4. longinquitas (like 
 
 preced.) : v. length. 5. perpSiuitas, 
 pgrennitas : v. pkri-etuitv. P h r. : of 
 long, short, d., diatinus, or diiitunius, 
 brevis (v. long, short) : an office of a 
 year's d., annuum imperiura, Liv. ; of 
 half a year's d., semesire imp.. Liv. 
 
 during ; 1. P^"" (throw.hout, in 
 tlie course of: with cux.) : d. night, per 
 nociem, Liv. : d. sleep, per somnum, Cic. : 
 d. the (entire) space of three years, per 
 triennium, Cic. 2. inter (uhik some- 
 thing is going on: with ate.); this J 
 have dictated d. supper, haec inter 
 coenam dlctavi, Cic. : d. tlie early stages 
 (of a complaint), inter inltia, principia, 
 Cels. : d. the drinking, inter pocula. 
 Virg. 3. super (like inter, hut rare: 
 with ace.): d. supper, s. coenam, Plin. 
 Ep. : Curt. 4. in (at a point of time 
 in : with abl.) : v. in. 5. (before a 
 verbal sub.s.) duin, with pres. tense of 
 corresponding vtrb : d. these piepara- 
 tions, transactions, debates, dum haec 
 parantur, aguntur, agitantur, etc. : v. 
 L.U. ^?9}. 6. expr. I<y abl. abtol. : d. 
 Ihe consulate of .Varius, Mario con>ule, 
 Cic.: d. the king's pleasuie. *duraiite 
 (regis) bene plucito : d. his lijetime. 
 *\ivo ipso, etc. P h r. : d. sleep (esp. 
 wiih ret. to dnams), secundum quietein 
 (but also, ill quiete), Cic. : d. the in- 
 terval, interea, interim (v. meanwhile) : 
 he deliveied the letter d supper, coeiian- 
 tibus nobis epistolam tulit. Cic. . to do a 
 thing d. sleep, aliquid dormienteui facere, 
 Cic.: </. nine camjiaigns, novem aesiati- 
 bus, Vi-U.: Tac. : d. the day-time, inter- 
 diu, Caes. : d. the night, nocm, < a.s. 
 
 dusk (.subs.) : 1. ciepusculum 
 
 (evening as opp. to moniivg triltght): 
 PI. : Ov. : v. TWILIGHT. 2. obscurum 
 (esp. after a prep.) : in th>- d.of nigh I, 
 sub obscurum noctis, Viig. : in the d. 
 of earli) daivn, obscuro adhuc coept;ie 
 lucis, Tac: v. dark. P h r. : from 
 datcn to d., ad umbraiii solis ab onu, 
 lior. : at d., vespere, vcsperi (v. even- 
 ing) : a guest drop$ in at d., vespertinus 
 te opprinili hospes, Hor. 
 
 dusk ("•)■■ vesp^ratcit, } (impers.) : 
 r»r. H.aut. 2, J. ■;. 
 
 duskiness: color fuscus, subfuscus, 
 
 pulliis: V. next art. 
 
 dusky: 1. '"u'*"* C*'^ P°*'- 
 
 furvus. HoT^ : d. suite (of Aethioplans), 
 f. comltes, Tib : d. icings (of night), f. 
 
 aUe, Virg. : v. dark. 2. pnUos 
 
 (nearer to black than fuscus) : a d. 
 victim (offered to magic deities), p. 
 bostla, 1 ib. : d. spots (on a ram), p. ma- 
 culae, Virg. : a d. toga (worn a.i mourn- 
 ing), toga p., Cic. 3. niger, gra, 
 grum: v. swarthy, black. 4. sub- 
 
 nlge •: V. BLACKISH. 
 
 duflt (»»<"■) •■ 1. pulvis, «ri8(«i., 
 less ireq. /. : in most sens<-s of Eiig.) : 
 to raise d., p. movere, yuinu ; p. ex- 
 citare, Col. : to lay d. by ipiinkling 
 vxi'-er on the groun^i, bunium consper- 
 geiido p. sertare, cf. Pha^ dr. 2,5,15, sqq. : 
 to shake off d., p. excuten-, Hor. : a 
 great deal of d„ niultus p . Cic. : a cloud 
 of d , pulveris nubes. Curt, (also pul- 
 verea nubes, Virg.): covered with dL, 
 piilvere sparsus, Phaedr.. uharcoal d., 
 carhonis p., Ov. K i g. : oeaie Out cL and 
 shadow, p. et umbra Minnis, Hor. i>im»n. 
 pulvisculus, fine small d., PI. : ApuL 
 2. scobs, scObis; or scfihis, is,/, (d. 
 produced hy sai- ing, fding) : ivoi-y d., 
 scobis eboris, Cels. ; a. ebumea, CoL : 
 Juv. ; v. SAWDUST. PhT.: coieixd u-ith 
 d., pulveruleiitus (v. dusty): having 
 one's eyes sore icith sooty d., luliglDc 
 lippus, Juv. Klg. : to bite Vie d., 
 (turpe) solum tangere, Hor. ; bumum 
 ore niordere, Vlrg. to Oiron d. in the 
 eyes of the jury, leiiebras offundere judi- 
 cibus in causa, Cic. in C^ulnt. 2, i';, 21 : 
 in sim. sense, verboruni et arguiianim 
 fuliginem ob oculos auJientium jatere, 
 Gell. I, ifin. (v. TO impose on) ■ lo kick 
 up a d., conviclum facere, lumuliuan, 
 PI. 
 
 dust (i'-) -■ '• 6- l^ dean by removing 
 dust: 1. deiergeo, exlergeo: v. to 
 brush. 2. verro. j : v. to sweep. 
 
 duster: perh. pcnsciilus: v. brush. 
 
 dustiness : expr. by puivis or pul- 
 verulentus: on account of the d. of the 
 roads, •quod tanfjs in viis puivis erat ; 
 quod tarn pulverulentae eraiit viae : v. 
 
 DUST, DUSTY. 
 
 dustman: perb.scoparius (weeper): 
 Ulp. Dig. n, 7.8. 
 
 dusty: 1. pulv6riilentus:a(i.roa<l 
 via p., Cic. : o d. (and so hot) summer, 
 p. aestas, Virg. •^. pulvfreus: the d. 
 g)-ound, p. solum, Ov. : SlaU (but the 
 word denotes, strictly, made of dust, 
 relating to dustV 3. pulviris plenus : 
 Phr.: add. and perspiring, pul- 
 
 Gell. 
 
 vere ac sudore perfusus. Curt. ; sparsus 
 pulvere (ac) sudore multo diffluens, 
 Phaedr. 
 duteous, dutiful: 1, p5us(duti- 
 
 fully afectionate) : d. to one's ixirenlt. 
 p. in parentes, Cic. d fear (of a u-ife 
 on belialf if her husband), p. meius, 
 
 Ov. V. AFFECTIONATE. 2. offlciosUli 
 
 (fullofk-ind and respictful attentions): 
 d. attentions, of. sedulitas. Hor. : o mo- 
 dest and d. person, homo pudens et of., 
 Cic. 3. obediens. ntis (with dat.): 
 
 V. OBEDIENT, SUBMISSIVE. 4. "bf*- 
 
 queiis (dispo.<ed to yield to: wiih dat.). 
 V. COMII.IANT. Phr.: li. a^cWion, pie- 
 tas. Cic. v. i)iTiKrLNi->s. 
 
 duteously. dutifully : „ 1 Pif • 
 
 Cic. 2. olTii io=e . Cic. 3. i'i'idi- 
 enter, Liv. (Kor syn. see dutiful.) 
 
 dutifulness: 1. pittas: justice 
 toil aids the goils is called ixliyum, to- 
 iiants parent)- it, Justitia erga d.-os reli- 
 gio, erga parentes p. ap|>ellttiiir. Cic. : U 
 is elsewhere detiiied I'y Cic. as voluntas 
 grata in parenies. Plane, j}, >'o. 2. 
 oliedientia: v. obedienck. 3. offlcia. 
 orum (plur. lor abstract) : cl. L. G. 
 
 i 59'- . 
 
 duty : !• -""'■a' obligation : L 
 offieiumOhe most cuinpreliensi\ e term) : 
 to satisfy the call ofd., oOitu. >uli^tace^*, 
 Cic: to neglect d., ol. praeienultlere, 
 negligere, deserere, Cic ; ofticiu suo de- 
 e!«e. Cic : it is a biench of d„ cuntra 
 of. est, Cic. The abstract sense may be 
 more fully expr. by plur. : thus Cic|8 
 treaiise an dutij or mv,al obligation is 
 entitled "de officiis". cl. Cic Atu i6, 
 II, J. 2. niunus, fri«, »i. (an all-Uted 
 d.'oT task): to discharge a d.. munere 
 perfungi, Cic; Liv. : v. task. KU>.CTioir. 
 In pi., munia, onua, is often used : the 
 ii9
 
 t>Utl M V I R 
 
 EACH 
 
 E AGERWESS 
 
 (Jj of candidates, munia candidatorum, 
 Cic. : Tac. 3. (after to b<^) expr. by 
 gen., with ellipsis of officium, etc. : it is 
 the d. of a judge, a commander, judicis, 
 imperatoris est ; v. L. G. $ z66. (But 
 for it is my, your d., meum, tuum est, 
 lb. 06s. 2.) 4. (li's^e preced.) expr. 
 -by Oportet, 2 (with om. and infin.}: 
 whom it teas our d. to have put to death, 
 quos trucidari oportebat, Cic. : cordrary 
 to d., contra atque oporiet. Cic. : v. 
 OUGHT. II. An act of respectful atten- 
 tion : P h r. : to pay one's d. to the gods, 
 deos salutare, Cic. : Ter. (v. respects, 
 compliment) : to pay the last d.s to any 
 one, justa alicui solvere, Cic. ; also justa 
 facere. Sail. : for justa we find also ex- 
 trema munera, Val. Fl.; and suprema 
 offlcia, Tac. |||. Military responsi- 
 Irility : P h r. : to he on d. (mount 
 guard), stationem agere, Tac. ; in Sta- 
 llone manere, Ov. : also, excubias agere, 
 Tac.; excubare, Cic. : v. watch-guard. 
 IV. An impost: vectigal, alis, n. : 
 to pay d., V. pendgre, Cic. ■ to release 
 from d., vectigali liberare, Cic. : to lay 
 a d. on am/thing, alicui rei v. imponere, 
 
 Cic: V. DUK (II.), TAX. 
 
 duumvir : duumvir, vlri, Liv. Be- 
 Umging to such, duumviralis, e, Ulp. 
 duumvirate : duumviraius, iis, Plin. 
 
 jl"- , ^ - 
 
 dwarf (subs.) .- 1. pumilio (pu- 
 milo, Stat.), onis, c. : Sen. D.-plants, 
 pumiliones, Plin. 2. punfilus : Suet. : 
 Stat. 3. nanus (/. nana, Lampr.) : 
 Juv. : Prop. (This last word is also 
 used in botanical sense, as phaseolus 
 nanus, Linn.) 
 
 dwarf ("•) •■ PP""!"- curto, l : v. to 
 STUNT. F i g. : in the presence of such 
 vast objects, man is d.'d, *prae tanta 
 magnitudine hominesquantuU videmurl 
 dwarfish: l. pumlUis: cf. Suet. 
 Aug. 8j : a compar. pumilior occurs m 
 Apul. 2. piisillus : V. LITTLE. Phr. : 
 such d. m«n, homines tantulae staturae, 
 Caes. B. G. 2, jo. 
 
 dwarfishness : *pusilla statura: 
 cf. preoed. art. 
 
 dwell : I. ^0 ^^^ i° ^ place : 1. 
 hablto, I " to d. by the road-side, h. in 
 via, Cic. : to d. in anybody's house, apud 
 aliqnem h., Cic : v. to live. Fig.: 
 the mind d.s in the eyes, animus h. in 
 oculis, Plin. : ivhat fear of ill can d. in 
 a happy life, qui potest h. in vita beata 
 mail metus ? Cic. 2. incolo, ui, Hum, 
 } (esp. of tribes or nations) : they d. be- 
 yond the Rhine, trans Rhenum incoliuit, 
 Caes.: Neptune who divells in the salt 
 regims, Neptunus qui salsis locis inc., 
 PI. (N.B. In Cic. incolo is always 
 trans. : v. to inhabit.) 3. comnioror, 
 
 I (temporarily) : v. to stay, reside. 
 
 4. expr. by dbmiciUum, and less 
 freq. domus or sedes : to d. at Rome, 
 Romae doraicilium habere, Cic. : not to 
 be allowed to d. in the city, urbis domi- 
 cilio carere, Cic. : tliey d. under ground, 
 quibus subterraneae sunt domus, Plin. : 
 not to have a settled place to d. in, 
 sedem stabilem et doraicilium certum 
 non habere, Cic. : v. abode, dwelling- 
 place. II. Fig.: to dicdl on or upon 
 a subject: " 1. commSror, i {to linger 
 upon a point) : to d. any longer upon a 
 theme, diutius in aliquo loco c, Cic. 
 Att II, 7, 2. Join: versare multis 
 modis e'lndem rem ; haerere in eadem 
 commorarique sententia, Cic. de Or. 40, 
 HI. 2. immoror, 1 : to d. iipon a 
 tutnect, in'aliqua re ini.. Quint. 3. 
 mSror, i (in this sense poet.): why d. 
 on trifles, quid moror in parvis.? Ov. 
 
 4 haert-o, si, sum, 2 : Cic. (v. supr. 
 
 II 1)' 5 habito, I (in connexion 
 with other Words) : Join: (ibi) com- 
 morari, haerere, habitare, Cic. Or. 2, 7 2, 
 292. 6. prosequor, sgculus, J (to 
 pursue a subject : with ace.) : not to d. 
 longer upon the subject, ne longius (rem) 
 prosequamur, Cic. : v. to pursue |||. 
 To lengthen in pronunciation, to lay the 
 itress of the voice upon : 1. prodiico, xi , 
 ctum, i: Ov. : Quint.: v. TO lengthen. 
 
 2. tractim pronuntio, I (= pro- 
 duce, to lengthen) : v. LONG 
 2.p 
 
 dweller : incola ; or in oblique tttees, 
 pres. part, of habito, incolo . v. inha- 
 bitant. 
 
 dwelling-place : 1. domidiium 
 
 (either of an iTidividual or a Tuition) : 
 to choose one's d., locum domicilio de- 
 ligere, Caes. Fig.: of tlie body, as the 
 d. of the mind. Veil. 2, 69. Join: 
 sedes ac domicilium, Cic. 2. sedes, 
 is, /. ; V. ABODE (and cf. supr. 1). 3. 
 d5mus : V. HOUSE, HOME. 4. habitatio, 
 b&bitaculum : v. HABrrATiON. 
 
 dwindle : 1. dilabor, lapsus, J : 
 the army soon d.d away, exercitus brevi 
 dilabitur, Sail. : v. to waste away. 
 
 2. extenuor, i : billets that have 
 d.d in size, extenuatae sortes, Liv. 
 Fig.: my hope d.s and fades auay, 
 spes nostra extenuatur et evanescit, Cic. 
 
 3. tabesco, } (to ivaste, as with dis- 
 ease) :' J o i n : maceror, consenesco, ta- 
 Desco [miser], PI.: v. to pine away. 
 
 4. decresco, minuor : v. to de- 
 crease. 
 
 dye («•) ■■ 1. '^'"SO <"■ tinguo, XI, 
 ctum, j: wool double d.d in purple, 
 lanae bis muriee tinctae, Hor. : to d. Vie 
 hair, comam t., Ov. : to d. purple, pur- 
 puram t. (to impart the colour by dye- 
 ing), Plin. Fig.: a modest blush d.s 
 the cheek, verecundus t. ora pudor, Ov. 
 2. inficio, feci, tectum, j : tod. 
 purple, purpuram inf., Plin. : the Britons 
 d. their skin with wood, Britanni se 
 vitro inf., Caes. : v. to stain. 3. f^co, 
 I (strictly to colour red) : to d. wool 
 with Assiirian drugs, lanam Assyrio i. 
 veneno, Virg. : Claud. Phr.: tod. the 
 hair, capillos medicare, Ov. : fleeces d.d 
 at Aquinum, Aquinatem potantia vel- 
 lera fucum, Hor. : to be d.d vai-ious 
 colours, varies mentiri colores, Virg. 
 
 dye (subs.): 1. tinctura: Plin. ji, 
 10, 46, 2. 2. expr. by tingo (v. 
 
 preced. art.) : to impart a blue, a puiple, 
 d.. caeruleum, purpuram tingere, Plin. : 
 tlie wood-plant is an excelUnt d. for 
 blue, *vitro caeruleus optime tingitur 
 color. 3. fucus (,red-d.): Hor.: Ov. 
 4. venenum : v. to dye (3). 5. in- 
 feclor succus : that well-knoum purple d., 
 purpuraruminfectorillsb., Plin. II, J, 2. 
 dyeing: 1. tinctura: Plin. 2. 
 infectus. iis : Plin. (Or expr. by ger. of 
 tingo, inficio : very useful for d., ad 
 tingendum utilissimus : v. to dye.) 
 
 dyer : 1. infector : Cic. 2. 
 tinctor: Vitr. 3. (except in nom. 
 sing. : v. L. G. } 6j8) pres. part, of 
 tingo : ds' shxtps, tingentium officinae, 
 Plin. 4. bapheus (fia<t>evi) : Imp. Cod. 
 A d. in purple, purpurarius, Inscr. ; in 
 malloiv-colour, molochinarius, PI. 
 
 dye-room: linctorlum: V. Fore. s. «. 
 dye-stuff: *res ad tingendum utilis. 
 dye-wood : lignum infectorium (in- 
 fectivum), Plin. (in R. and A.). 
 
 dynamics : *dj?namica (sc. ars, scl- 
 entia) : as strictly tech. term. 
 
 dynastic : ad regiam domum per- 
 tinens.. 
 
 dynasty : dSmus, us, /. (with some 
 word in the context to define it) : under 
 the Flavian d., potiente reruni Flavift 
 d., Tac. Phr.: the d. of the Caesars 
 became extinct with Nero, progenies Cae- 
 sarum in Nerone defecit. Suet. : he 
 laboured to found a d.. *id egit ut do- 
 mus (progenies) sua regnum teneret. 
 
 dysentery: dysenteria: Plin. Suf- 
 fering from d., dysentericus, Plin. 
 dyspepsia: crudltas, dyspepsia: v. 
 
 nvDlGESTION. 
 
 dyspeptic: 1. crfldus: Hor. 2. 
 cachecticus {with badbodily habit), Plin. 
 
 dysury : dysiirla : Plin. Suffering 
 from d., dysuriacus, Firmic. 
 
 E. 
 
 E 
 
 comp. A. 
 f each : 
 
 x/cA.wu . I. Of ''''" •■ uterque, 
 
 utraque, utrumque (for constr. v. 
 
 both, 4) very tnuch attached to e. of us, 
 
 amantissimus ulriusque nostrum, Cic. 
 
 II, 0/ any number : 1. tinus- 
 
 quisque (L. G. } 82 : each one singly, 
 opp. to universi): the interest of e. in- 
 dioidual arul of all together, unluscn- 
 jusque et nniversonim utilitas, Cic. : 
 / will touch slightly tni e. point, imum- 
 quodque leviter tangam, Cic. 2. quis- 
 que (L. G. ^ 82 : less emphatic than 
 preced., and rarely first in its sentence) : 
 vhat hath fallen to the lot of e., that 
 let e. keep, quod cuique obtigit, id quis- 
 que teneat, Cic. : with gen., e. day, 
 quisque dierum, Hor.: v. eveky one 
 
 3. singuli, ae, a {one by one; taken 
 singly) : he appointed tuo censors for 
 e. state, describebat censores binos in s 
 civitates, Cic. : twelve jugers «., duodena 
 in s. homines jugera, Cic. : v. A (IV.) 
 
 4, omnis, e: v. every. Phr.: t» 
 love e'. other, inter se amare (diligere) 
 Cic. : they disparaged e. other, obtrec- 
 tarunt inter se, Nep. : that n e may love 
 e. other, ut invicem diligamus, Plin. : 
 to be interchanged tdth e. other, permu- 
 tari invicem, Quint.: e. year (yearly), 
 quotannis, Cic. : Virg. : e. day, quotidie 
 (v daily) ; quotquot eunt dies (poet.), 
 Hor. 
 
 eager; I. Desirous: 1. avidus 
 (usu. with gen.) : e. for praise, a. laudis, 
 Cic. : also with in and ace. : minds e, 
 for novelty, in res novas avida ingenia, 
 Liv. : Cic. : less freq. with inf., Ov. : 
 Plin. : V. desirous. 2. cupidus (with 
 gen.): less strong than preced.. v. de- 
 sirous. 3. appgteiis (disposeA to aim 
 after, seek : also with gen.) ; Cic. : Tac. 
 4. stiidiosus: v. zealous. 5. 
 impen'sus (ivith words denoting desire) : 
 e. desire, im. cupido, cupiditas : v. ear- 
 nest. To be e. for anything, cupere, 
 avere, etc. : v. to desire. ||. Im- 
 petuous, spirited : 1. acer, acris, 
 acre : a nwst e. champion, acerrimus 
 defensor, Cic. : v. spirited, alert. 2. 
 promptas (ready ; on the alert) : lie 
 commends the e., chides the more slug- 
 gish, laudat promptos, segniores casti- 
 gat, Caes. : Sail. 3. intentus (cAarac- 
 terized by effort and attention) : e. and 
 energetic speech, oratio int. et vehemens, 
 C!ic. : e. attention, int animus, Caes. : 
 v. intent. 
 
 eagerly: 1. avlde (for syn. V. 
 ea(;er): to catch at e., a. arripere, Cic 
 
 2. cupide: to read anything very 
 e., aliq'uid cupidissime legere. Sen.: Cic 
 
 3. enixe (usiTig all one's efforts): 
 to do anything not only obediently, but 
 e., aliquid nun obedienter modo sed e. 
 facere, Liv.: e. to take up a person's 
 ca (ise.causam alicujus e. suscipere, Cic 
 
 4. intente {with effort and atten- 
 tion) :' to seek more e., intentius petere, 
 Auct. Her. : to expect very e., intentis- 
 sirae exspectare, Lampr. 5. stiidiose : 
 v zealously. 6. acriter {with 
 spirit) : e. to enter the fray, a. pugnam 
 inire, Liv.: Sail. 7. impeaae {= great- 
 ly : hence in present sense, only with 
 verbs of emotion) : to desire moi-e e., 
 magis impense cupere, Ter. : Cic. 8. 
 appgtenter (with desire or appetite for 
 something ; coi<ctmtsly : rare) : Cic : 
 Apul. 9. Most of the adjj. under 
 eager may be used adverbially ace. to 
 L. G. i J4?; esp. avidus, intentus, 
 cupidus: / e. set about building the 
 rcalls. avidus molior muros, Virg. : they 
 e. await the signal, intenti exspectant 
 signum, Virg. : they e. fixed their eyes 
 upon (him), intenti ora tenebaut, Virg. 
 But in this way cannot be used Im- 
 pensus or appetens Phr.: to desire e« 
 avere, gestire . v. to long for. 
 
 eagerness: I. Eager desire: 1 
 avWitas : e.for food, a. cibi, Cic; a. ad 
 cibos, Plin. ; inexhaustible e. for read- 
 ing, inexhausta legend! a., Cic. 2. 
 cupiditas: v. desire. 3. app^tentia 
 (less strong than the Eng.) • v. appetitk. 
 4. studium : to be inflamed with 
 «., ardere studio, Cic. : v. DEsntE, pas- 
 •sioN. 5. expr. by adjj. under eager : 
 tliat you may understand my e. to see 
 you, *ut intelligas quam sim avidus tul 
 videndi, etc. ||. Impetuosity : L 
 ardor : the e. of soldiers demanding 
 battle, a. militum pugnam deposcen^
 
 E A GliE 
 
 EARNEST 
 
 EA RTH 
 
 timn, Snet : liv.: Cic. : v. ardour. 
 2. alacrltas (liveliness, brislmess) ; 
 the e. of hounds in hunting, canum a. 
 )n venaudo, Cic. : e. for tie/ending the 
 commonwealth, a. relpubllcae delenden- 
 dae. Cic. 3. impetus, us: v. IM- 
 
 PETUOhlTV. 
 
 eagle : I. y?i« ^'rd •• aquTla, /. : 
 Hor. : Cic. : a male «., *a. mas. Par- 
 ticular species are, the black e., me- 
 lanaetoB, m., or Valeria (sc. aquila), 
 Plin. : rivg-tailed e., pyj;arKU8, m. (v. 
 Forcell. s. v.), I'lin. : tlui vulture-shaped 
 e., perciiopterus, m., or oripelargus, 
 TO., Pliii. : the sea-e., haliaeetus (li. 
 albicilla, Yarrell). vi., Plin.: Ov. • Virg ; 
 the yuUien e., aquila chrysaeKis, Cycl. 
 II. The standard: Squila,/. : the 
 e. of tfie loth legion, a. declniae legionis, 
 Caes. : Plin. P h r. : on e.-bearer, aqui- 
 Ul'er, 6rt ; Caes. 
 
 eagle-eyed : *aquilino aspectu, aqui- 
 linuni aspi'Ctum habens or gerens : cf. 
 Apul. 2, p. ii;. Less precisely, aspectu 
 veheinenti et formidabili, luininibus 
 oculorum acribus, Gell. 14, 4.nied. 
 eagle-Stone : aetltes, ae, m. : Plin. 
 eaglet: pullus (sc. aquilae, aqui- 
 linus) : ITiaedr. 
 
 ear (subs.): |. Tlie orgav of hear- 
 wg ." 1. auris, is, /. ; droiipiny e.s, 
 
 flaccidae a., Plin. ■ to prick up the e.s 
 (to listen altentiviiy), aures erigere, 
 Cic. : to lend an e., aureni praebere, 
 Suet.: Hor.: {my) e.s tingle, tinniunt 
 a.. Cat. : to putl or twitch a perstm's e.s 
 (to call his attention), alicul aures vel- 
 lere, Virg. : to vhisper in any one's «., 
 ad aurem insiisurrare alicul, Cic : a 
 ringing in the e.s, sonitus aurium, 
 Plin. • he turns a deaf e. to prayers, 
 surda negligit aure preces. Prop. : safe 
 e.s (capable of secresy), tutae a., Hor. ; 
 opp. to rimosa auris, Hor. S. 2, 6, 46. 
 2. auricilla (dimin. of auris : esp. 
 used to denote the tip or corner of the 
 ear) : the bottom of the e., a. inflma. Cic. : 
 / hang doiim my e.t (like a donkey when 
 ill-used), demltto auriculam, Hor. : to 
 present the tip of one's e. (in a legal 
 symbolical act), a. opponere, Hor. : to 
 chatter in any one's e., garrire alicul in 
 auriculam. Mart. : to pull a person's e, 
 auriculam (alioui) vellicare, Paul. Nol. 
 Dimin., auricilla or oricilla. Cat. P h r. : 
 having (l<>"9) e.s, auritus, Virg. (Oi 
 hares) : also ng. for attentively listening 
 (of the oaks which Orpheus sang to), 
 Hor. : PI. : animals n-ithout e.s, aninialia 
 inaurita, Gell. : a little felloir with long 
 e.s (the ass), auritulus, I'haedr. : fshes 
 have very quick e.s, pisces clarissime 
 audiunt, Plin. ||, The sense of hear- 
 ing ; esp. with ref. to music: auris, 
 aures : the delicate and fastidious e. of 
 Attvc Greeks, Atticorum aures teretes 
 atque religiosae, Cic : to have a good e., 
 legitimum sonum aure calibre. Hor. ; 1/ 
 you have any e., si quid auris habeas, 
 Gell. : not to have a good e. (for music), 
 *aure minus subtili (praeditnm) esse : 
 to have no e. at all, *pror,-.us abhorrere 
 a re miisica. |||. By analogy, any- 
 thing resembling an ear: auris: used 
 by Virg. of the "" ears " or earth-boards 
 of a plough, Georg. i, 172- o jar with 
 two ears (handles), diota, Hor. |V. 
 Of com: 1. spica (rarely spicus, 
 
 spicum) from the blade to the e., ab 
 berba ad spicam, Cic. : rich and crowded 
 e.s, 8. uberes et crebrae, Cic. : a diminu- 
 tive and empty e., s. minuta et Inanls, 
 Plin. : to form (develope) the e., s. conci- 
 pere, Plin. 2. iirlsta (strictly, the beard 
 of an e., hence tig., the ear itself): the 
 ripe e.s, niaturae a., Ov. : Virg. Phr. : 
 a cronim (or wreath) made of ears of 
 com, spicea corona, Tib.: a gleaning of 
 t.s, spicilegiuin. Varr. 
 
 ear («•) •• I. '/■» P'ouph (q. v.) : 
 
 &ro, I. 11. To shoot into ears : >pic<ir, 
 I : Plin. See also preced. art. (IV.). 
 
 ear-ache: auris or aurium dolor: 
 
 v. ACHE. (Dolor auricularius, Ulp. Dig.) 
 
 eared (^part. adj.): I. Having 
 
 ears: auritus: v. ear (I, fin.). ||. 
 
 .Spiked : spicatus : Plin. 
 
 earl : *c6nies. itis : M. L 
 
 earldom : "comitis nomen, dignitas. 
 
 tar-lap : 1. auricfila Inhma, cf. 
 Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, 2 ("Solter than ihe 
 ear-lap," appears to have lieen a pro- 
 verbial expr.). 2. auricilla or oricilla 
 ima (= preced.) : Cat, 3. (more pre- 
 cisely) "pars (inferior ac) pendula auris. 
 
 earliness : 1, mfttunias (more 
 
 freq. in sense of ripeness, maturity: 
 q. V.) ; (julTit. 2. usu. betu-r e.xjir 
 by adj : cm account of the unusual e. 
 of the vjinler, •propter praemaliirani 
 hieniem by the e. of his end, *praeuia- 
 tura morte v. early. 
 
 early (.adj) •■ I. -^w "•* morning : 
 matutinus : e. frosts, m. Irigora, Hor. : 
 an e. client, m. cliens. MarL ||. Com- 
 mencing : n6vus : in e. spi-iiig, vere 
 novo, Virg. : vhilst 'tis e. moi-n. dum 
 mane novum, Virg. Phr.: from ear- 
 liest youth, a prima adolescciiiia, Cic: 
 the earliest ()-emotest) recollectiim of 
 childJwod, ultima memoria puerltiae, 
 Cic. : t« tlie e. part of the year, iiieunte 
 anno. Suet. |||. Of early date : aii- 
 tiquus : an earlier date was on your 
 Utter, antiquior dies Uteris tuis ascripta 
 erat, Cic: v. ancient. Phr.: t'n e. 
 times, antiquitus, Caes. JV. f'''"'- 
 
 vjard : 1. miitiirus (coming natu- 
 
 rally early) : the e. bean, m. faba. Col. 
 e. winters (as in northern climes), m. 
 hiemes, C!aes. 2. praemaiurus (be- 
 fore its lime) : an unusually e. xvinter. 
 pr. biems, T;ic. : v. premature. 3. 
 praecox, 6cis ; praediquis, e ; praec6- 
 quus, a, um (like preced.) : e. budding, 
 occasioned by the mildness of the season, 
 praecoces geiiilnationes evocatae indul- 
 geiiiia coeli, Plin. : e. ripe}iess (of wine), 
 praecox maturitas. Col. : e. vines (yield- 
 ing early In the sea.<«)n), praecoques 
 vites. Col. 4. perh, tempestivus 
 
 (taking place in due season : hence 
 early, as opp. to irregularly late hours) : 
 an e. party, t. convivium, cf Cic. Sen. 
 14 : to be an e. riser, tempestivum 
 surgere, v. Fore. s. v. Phr.: the ear- 
 liest pears, ocis.sima pira, Plin. 
 
 early (adv.) : \. in the morning : 
 
 1. mane : what are you doing so 
 e., quid tu tam mane ? Ter. : Cic. : v. 
 morning. 2. dilflculo (an abl. case: 
 while it is yet twilight): very e. in the 
 morning, pflmo d. : Cic. : ace. to Cen- 
 sorinus, diluculum prlmum was before 
 sunrise; d. secundum (=mane), di- 
 rectly after sunrise : v. Fora s. v. 
 Phr.: (very) e. in the morning, ante 
 lucem, Cic: Hor.; prima luce, Cic. : v 
 DAWN, jiorxino. ||. Generally, at 
 an early perioii : 1. matQre : his 
 father diejl e , pater ejus m. decessit, 
 Nep. : to set out e. (in good time), m. 
 profici>ci, Cic. 2, praemature : v. 
 
 PICEMATURELY. 3. <"itO : ^- Vf ICKLV, 
 
 SOON. 4, tempestive (at the proper 
 time ; neither too early nor too late) : v. 
 SEASONABLY. 6. tempfirl or tempori 
 (in due time, betimes): e. enough, »ixii^ 
 t., Cato : to rise earlier (of the sun), 
 temperius (opp. to serius) surgere, Ov. 
 
 earn : I. f^y labour : l, mereo 
 and mgreor, 2 : to e. not more than 1 2 
 asses, non amplius duodecim aeris mer- 
 eri, Cic. : xvhat each e.'d per diem. 
 quantum quls<iue uno die mereret. Suet. 
 
 2. emereo and emfireor, 2 : to e. a 
 great deal of money, pecunlam emerere 
 uberem, Gell. Esp. in p. part, emeritus, 
 having e.'d one's discharge : Tac. : Plin. 
 
 3. demgreo, 2: PI.: Gell. Phr.: 
 to e. one's living, victuni quaeritare, Ter. 
 .\i)dr. I, I, 48; (juaerere unde se [ac 
 suos] tueri qnis possit, Liv. 5, 4, <i<( 
 init. : to e. a lii'ing by prostitution, 
 corpore quaestum facere (v. pBosriTn- 
 TiON) : me who has no means of e.ing 
 his livelihood, cui nee quaestus est, nee 
 didicit artcm ullam, PI. Hud. 2, 1, 2. 
 
 II. In gen. .sense, to obtain by one's 
 efTorts' or desert: as,<Squor, consSquor, 
 adlpiscor : v. to obtain. 
 earnest (<«(;)■• I . J^ag^. tirgen t .- 
 
 1. iutentus (lit. strained ; hence of 
 eager, ingorous action) : the Bomans, 
 e. at home and tn the field, Romani 
 donii niilltiiieque int., Siill. (.'at. (>: <". 
 
 and energetic speech, oratio int et vehe- 
 mens, Cic 2. instans, ntis : v. 
 
 UHfJENT. 3. Impensus (with wonk 
 implying emotion) : very e. entreaties, 
 impensisslmae preces, SueL 4. acer, 
 cris, ere : e. tiiouyhl, acrls [atque at- 
 tenta] cogitatio, C^c. : v. eager. Phr.: 
 to be e. in the pursuit of fume, lamae 
 instare, Tac : eit my e. request, efBagi- 
 tatu meo, Cic. : engaged in e. Utougltt, 
 in cogitatione defixu;-, Cic. de Or. j, 5, 17. 
 ||. .Sei-iout ; opp. to the notion of 
 sport, irony, etc. : serius: if [ Itave said 
 anything tn joke, do not turn it to e., si 
 quid per jocum dixi, nolit« in serium 
 convertere, PI : joke and «., joca atque 
 seria, Cic. : Sail. Phr.: nrither in 
 joke nor in e., nee Joco nee serio, J'l. 
 
 earnest (suln.) : i. e. part-payment, 
 security : arrhSbo, Onis, m.. and arrha, 
 ae, /. (Ihe latier ace to Gell. 17, i, ad 
 Jin., became the preferable form) : to 
 be given as e.-monry for a purchase, 
 arrhae nomine pro emptione darl, Cai- 
 liig. : to give 40 Tnina.1 by nay of e, 
 arrhaboni dare quadraglnia minos, PI. 
 Fig.: e. of death (a pliy.-lcian's fee), 
 mortis arrha, Plin. In fig. sen.*c pignus 
 may sometimes be precise enough: v. 
 PLEDGE, SECURITY. Phr.: lo hare in 
 one's Iteart an e. of victory, animo prae- 
 clpere vicioriam, Cic 
 
 earnestly : I. "'''^ earnestness : 
 1. ai riiiT (with rigour and energy): 
 to exert onesejf very e., acerriine niti. 
 Sail. : to guard e. against anything, a. 
 aliquid cavere, Hor. : e. to court tht 
 favour of Caesar, favorem (iu-Baris a. 
 fovere, Tac. : lo consider a case most e, 
 causam acerrlme contemplari, Cic. : t 
 KEENLY, VIGOROUSLY. 2. impensC 
 
 (lit. u-ith expense : hence, exceedingly 
 eaj-nestly) : to tender thanks mare e. 
 impensius gratias agere, IJv. : v. eager- 
 ly. 3. niiigiiopijri;, or as two word.*, 
 magno opere : compar., ma.jore opere, etc 
 (esp. with verbs of wishing, asking) : 
 I e. uish, magnopere volo, C!ic. : most 
 e.do I again and again beg of you, a te 
 maximo opere (or maximopere) etiam 
 atque etiam quaeso et peto, Cic. Fam. 
 }, 2. 4. intente : v. eagerly. Also 
 the adj. intentus may often be used : 
 he e. listened to your entreaties, intentft 
 tuis precibus se praebult aure. Tib. 4, 1, 
 U2 : e. set im doing something, iiHentus 
 ad aliquiil faciendum, Cic. : to gaze t. at 
 anyViing, intentls cculis aliquid iniueri 
 (fig.). Cic Agr. 2, 28, 77. Phr.: («, 
 cmitemplate e. an idea of lieauty, t^pe- 
 cieni pulchriiudluis intueri in eaque 
 detixuni esse, Cic. Or. 2. 9: being in an 
 agony, he prayed the nwre e., factus in 
 agonia prolixlus orabat, Vulg. ||. 
 
 With gravity: serio : v. gkavelt, se- 
 RionsLY. 
 
 earnestness : I. Devotion of 
 mind : 1. expr. by intentus, at- 
 
 tentus : to consider a case vith the 
 utmost >'., causam quam maxinie intentis 
 oculis (ut ajunt) contemplari. Cic. H. 
 II, 26: to inquire into anything with 
 all e., *animi acie quam maxime interna 
 aliquid invesilgare; acerrima el atten- 
 tissima cogitatione de aliqua re uti 
 (based on Cic.) : v. earnest, intent. 
 2. siudium (zeal, aidour : q v.): 
 to pursue with such e. what does not 
 belong to us, tanto s. aliena petere. Sail. : 
 Cic. 3. cur.i (with some iniensiv* 
 word, as magna, tanta, Inipensa): v 
 CARE, concern. Phr.. to striix with 
 all possible v., summa ope nitl. Sail. : to 
 pursue one's studies trith e., studlls in- 
 sistere, Quint, i, 12, ic : U> beg with <r, 
 vehementer, magnopere petece : v. ear- 
 nestly. II. .<erioutness : sivirilas, 
 grJivitas v. gravity, sternness. 
 
 ear-ring : 1. inaures. ium. /. 
 (only in j>'->: '" '>ear e.s. in. ge>tare. 
 Plin. : to put r.s in, in. allcui addere. 
 Plin. 2. staiacmium (drop-shapeJ) : 
 Plin. 
 ear -shot : unde quis exaudiri potest 
 
 V. HEARING. 
 
 earth (subs.) : |. The (so-ca'led) 
 element: terra: e. (formed) of minutt 
 particles of e., de terris lerram con- 
 
 Z41
 
 EARTH 
 
 crescerc parvis, Kiicr. i, 840: fire, air, 
 c^ irater, innis, aiiinia, 1., imber, Uncr. : 
 I, "716: the'/ demanded e. and water, 
 aquam et 1. pelierunt, l.lv.: Cic. earth 
 to earth, reddenda est terra terrae, Cic. : 
 V. SOIL Made of e., terrenus, terrens : 
 a mound of e.. agger terrenus, Virg. : 
 Liv.; tumulus lerreiis. Oaes. : v. eaktht, 
 EARTHEN. |1. ThA! terrestriul glube : 
 
 1. terra the e. aituated in the ventre 
 of the unirerse, terra in media niundi 
 sede lucata, Clc. In tlie poets olten 
 pi. : throughout the e., under tlie e., per 
 terras, sub terras, Virg. Personified, 
 Motlier Earth. Terra Mater. Lucr. : Suet. 
 2. tellus.uris,/. (strictly, ihe cartb 
 as goddess ; hence, the eai th generally ■■ 
 chiefly poet.) : Virg. ; Cic. (once, de Kep. 
 6, 1 7). 3. orbis, is, m. (usu. with 
 
 terrarum): Cic. Ov.- v. globk. I'hr.: 
 where on e., ubinam gen.iuni, Cic. (v. 
 world). III. As used in jiotteiy, etc.: 
 argilla, creta: v. clay. |V. The lair 
 of a burroii-ing animal : latebra, spficus, 
 V. LAiK, hole. 
 
 earth («•)■• I. ''o f>"'^y= ^^ 
 fSdio, condo ; v. to bdrv. ||. To 
 earth up ; raise the earth against : 
 aggfiro, I : to e. up trees, arbores ag., 
 Col. 
 
 earth-board (of a plough): 1. 
 tabella addita ad vomerem, Varr. R. R. 
 I, 29. Sinily, tabula aratro annexa, 
 Plin. 18, 20, J. 2. auris, is, /. (only 
 found in plur.) : Virg. G. I, l"]!. 
 
 earth-bom: |. Lit.: 1. ter- 
 rigena, m. and/. : th£ e. brothers (giants), 
 t. Iratres, Ov.: Lucr. 2. terrigenus, 
 a, um (rare) : e. animals, t. animalia, 
 Tert. 3. terra ortus, s&tus, genitus : 
 V. BORN. See also aborigines. ||. 
 Fig.: earthly, of earthly origin : 1. 
 
 terrenus: an e. fc»ip/i?(Bellerophon). t. 
 eques, Hor. : v. earthly. 2. mor- 
 talis, e: V. mortal. 
 
 earthen : 1. fictilis, e : an e. 
 thunderbolt, f. fulmen, Ov. Esp. ot 
 what is moulded by the potter's art : e. 
 vessels, vasa f., Tib. : v. earthrnware. 
 2, terrenus (prop, of earth in its 
 raw state) : an e. mmind. agger t., Virg. : 
 e. vessels, t. vasa, Plin. 3. terrgus: 
 «n e. mound, tumulus t., Caes. 
 
 earthenware: I. As sabs.: fic- 
 
 tSlia, iura, n. pi. (sc. vasa, Cic. Alt. 6, i, 
 10); to use e. like plale, fictilibus sic 
 uti quam argento. Sen. : to dine off e., 
 fictilibus coenare, Juv. ||. As adj. : 
 made of e.- fictilis: e. /fliures, f. figurae, 
 Cic: I'lin. 
 
 earthling ; terrae filius : Cic. Ati. 
 i.if. 4- 
 
 earthly : I. ifade of earth : terre- 
 nus: V. earthy, earthen. II. Ap- 
 pertaining to the present state; opp. to 
 hearenly - 1. terrester or terrestris, 
 tris, tre: the e. abode of Jove, t. domi- 
 ciliura Jovis, Cic. : v. terresteiai,, 
 land (adj.). 2. (in less exact snnso) 
 
 EAST 
 
 QUIET. P h r. : at one's «., otiosus, Cic. 
 (v. IDLE) : 1 take my e. at home, dutnps- 
 ticus otior, Hor. : (dumi otiosus sum, 
 Cic. Brut, J, 10) : to live at one's e., 
 otiose, bene (in comfort) vivere, Cic. ; 
 facile agere, I'er. Ad. ?, 5, ;6; facile 
 vivere, PI. Cure. ;, 2, 6 ; facile agltare, 
 
 EASY 
 
 \from e. to west, ab or. ad occidentem, 
 Cic. : Caes. : on the «., ab oriente, Mela. 
 Sometimes sol is expressed : in the re^ 
 giuiis oj Vie e. or west, in orientis aut 
 obeuniis solis panibus. Clc. liep. 6, 20. 
 2. ortus, fiis (with or without solis): 
 to look toil ards the e., solis ortum coii« 
 
 poet, in Suet vit. Tor. 1 : in all possible spicere, Cir. : ttie quarter uttere the san 
 
 e. (of the gods of Epicurus), suinma cum 
 pace, Lucr.: e. a)ter toil, requies la- 
 borum, PHn. : to have a mind at e., 
 tranquillo animo esse, Cic. : to set any 
 one's mind at e., alicujus aniniuni sed- 
 are, traiiquillum reddt-re (v. to calm): 
 take tidne e., eat, drink, and be merry, 
 requiesce, comede, bWie, epulare, Vulg. 
 Luc. xii iq : / am sumehor ill at e., 
 iiescio quid meo animo aegre est, PI. 
 II. Absence of stiffness or con- 
 Uraint : 1 . perh. 16pos or lepor, 
 
 oris: v. GRACE. 2. (»'" speaking) 
 
 faiilitas {perfect commaitd of the re- 
 sources of oratory) : Sen. Ep. 40, 11: 
 cf. Suet. Gr. 2J (f. sermonis). Phr.: 
 there wa^ an elegant e. about his man- 
 ner, *invTat ei suaviias quaedani niorum 
 atque concinnitas : titere uas a lack of 
 e. about his manner, *mores ejus duri- 
 ores ac paene vasti (v. awkward): to 
 dance with e., membra molliier muvere, 
 Hor. S. 1,9,24. III. h'asii.e.'S: tacilT- 
 tas : e. in bringing forth childn-n, f. 
 pariendi, Pliu • v. faciliti. Phr.: 
 urith «., facile (v. easily) : to fpenk with 
 e. and readiness, .<iolute pronipteqi.e elo- 
 qui, Tac : Cic. ; expedite loqui. Suet. 
 IV. Phr.: chapel of e., *e< clesia 
 (capella) parochialis subsldiaria (?). 
 
 ease ("•) •■ !• ^'^ unburden : 16vo, 
 exOnero, i: v. to unburden. Phr.: 
 to e. oneself, alvum exonerare, Plin. : to 
 e. any one of some portion of his toil, 
 •laborem alicui minuere. ||. To relax : 
 laxo, I : V. to SL.VCKEN. |||. To as- 
 suage, mitigate : 16vo, lenio : v. to re- 
 lieve, assuage. 
 
 easeful : otiosus, tranquillus, se- 
 ciirus C'ree froin care): v. quiet, 
 
 PEACEFVlI.. 
 
 easel : machina (the context serving 
 to define) : to paint on an e., machinis 
 plngere, Plin. 55, 10, il,fin. 
 
 easement: levatio: v. belief, al- 
 leviation. 
 
 easily : 1. TTi'ft facility : 1. 
 facile (not faciliter, which, however, 
 occurs in Vitr.) : to learn off e., facile 
 ediscere, Cic. : Caes. Very e., perfacile, 
 Cic. 2. expedite (without obstacle 
 
 or delay) : Join: celeriter expedite- 
 que, facillime et expeditissime, Cic 
 3. soliite (with ref. to speaking): Cic. : 
 Tac: V. EASK (111. Phr.). 4. lenigrg 
 (at random, without care or pains : esp. 
 with a negative) : he lannot e. cross (the 
 river) here, non hac t. transire potest, 
 PI. : Hor. 5. procliviier (readily, as 
 if going donn-hill): .loin; facile el 
 
 „ ^ ^. ___ ^ p^el'viler, Gell. (N.B. Clc. has only 
 
 \i.nma.\\\xs (belonging to m.en) : to despise the compar., proclivius.) Phr.: food 
 
 e. things, humanas res or humana con- 
 temnere. Cic. 3. terrenus (not class. 
 in this sense) : to mind e. things, terrena 
 sapere, Vulg. I'hil. ill. 19. Phr.: for 
 what e. reusan, cur, quare tandem? v. 
 
 PRAY. 
 
 earth-nut: bunium: Plin. 
 
 earthquake: 1. terrae motus, 
 us : Cic. 2. terrae trgmor : Lucr. : 
 Plin. jun. 
 
 earth-work : 1. 5pus terrenum : 
 Vitr. 2. agger, 6ris. to. : v mound. 
 
 earthy : 1. terrosus (containing 
 
 earth) : e. sand, t. arena, Vitr. 2. 
 
 terrenus (having the nature of earth) : 
 the first man is of the earth, e., primus 
 houio de terra terrenus, Vulg. 1 Cor. 
 XV. 47. 
 
 earw'g : *forficiSla auriciilaria, /., 
 Linn. 
 
 ease (■'"''S.) : |. a state of rest: 
 1. Otium (the state of one who 
 has no businefS to do ; freedirm, from 
 anxiety): to live in e., in otio vivere. 
 Cic. Join pax, tranquillitas, otium, 
 Cic. : v. leisure, repose. 2. secu- 
 
 ritas (freedom from care) : cf. Cic. I'usc. 
 5,14,42. 3, quies, etls,/.: v. rest, 
 
 242 
 
 that is e. digested, cibus ad conco- 
 quendum facilis (v. easy): to be e. an- 
 gered, irani in promptu gprere, I'l. : you 
 cannot e. control tht-m, nee (eos) tibi in 
 promptu regere est, Ov. : e. broken, 
 fragills (v. brittle) : e. mimlded, mollis 
 (v. pliable). II. Good-hiimouredly : 
 1, lacile : to allow a thing e., ali- 
 quid f. pati. Cic. 2. molliter: to 
 
 take a thing e. (as if it were no hard- 
 ship), aliquid m. ferre, Cic. 3, co- 
 miter : V. courteously. 4. placide : 
 V. calmly. III. Without mak-ing ex- 
 ertion : 1. Otiose : to take everything 
 e., omnia o. agere, Liv 2. lente ; v. 
 
 coolly. IV. With easy grace : mol- 
 
 liter, Hon: V. EASE (II. //«.). 
 
 easiness: I. Absence of difficulty : 
 facilitas : v. ease (111.). ||. Of temper ; 
 facile good-nature : 1. tacilitas ; 
 
 Ter. : Cic. : v. good-nature. 2. 
 
 lenltas: v. leniency. 3. iiidulgentia: 
 v. indulgence. III. Rtodiness lo be- 
 lieve creiliilitas, temeritas (credendi) 
 V. credulitv. IV. Absence of stiff- 
 
 ness or constraint .• v. ease (11.). 
 
 east (subs.) : I. The quarter or 
 
 point of compass : 1. oriens, ntis, m. : 
 
 rises is called the e., unde sol oritur 
 oriens nuncupatur aut ortus, Mela. 3, 
 exortus, lis: e., vest, south, north, ex., 
 occasus, meridles, septentrio, Gell. ||, 
 The ri-gions lyii g east : Oriens : fai Ihest 
 e., ultimus or., Ov. In same sense Hor- 
 has oriens ora, Od. i, i2, 55 ; and Cic. 
 orientis partes : v. supr. (1.). 
 
 east (as adj.) : orientalis, e : on «.- 
 wind, ventus or., (iell. The e.-wind, 
 Eurus (called also Vultumus, Subsola- 
 nus, and Apeliotes) : v. Fore. s. v. 
 
 easter : 1. pascha, ae ; also pascha, 
 atis, H. : V.PASSOVER. 2. sollemnia 
 paschalia (or pasjhalia alone, like Satur- 
 nalia, Ceiealia. etc.). sollemnes dies pas- 
 cliales (Kr.) E.-time, tempus paschale, 
 C'ld. Theod. : e.-presents, paschalia dona, 
 Sedul. : e.-eve. vigiliae pascliales : e.- 
 .'iunday, primus dies Paschae (Kr.>, 
 *dies dominica paschalis. 
 
 easterly: 1. Orlentalis, e: thret 
 e. winds, ties or. venti, Gell. : Pall. : v. 
 EASTERN. 2. exortivus: Plin. Phr.: 
 to have an e. aspect, orientem gpectare: 
 PUn. : an e. wind, ventus Eurinus, "Un. 
 
 eastern: I. As adj.: 1. an- 
 
 enialis, e (not in Cic): e. kings, or. 
 reges. Just. : Gell. 2. gen. ofdriens, 
 ntis, m.: e. regions, orientis partes, Cic. 
 Oriens is also used poet, as adj., Hor. 
 Od. I. 12, 55. 3. exortivus: the e. 
 ocean, ex. oceanus, Plin. 4. Eoiis 
 (poet. : first syll. common) : the e. re- 
 gions, E. partes, Hor. : the e. abodes of 
 the Arabs, E. Arabum domus, Virg. 
 6, quod orientem spectat, Plin. ; quod 
 ad orientem directum est. Col. ||. 
 As subs., the easterns : 1. Oiientales, 
 ium : Just. 2. Eoi, drum (poet.) : 
 Ov. (But usu. better expr. by circumi , 
 qui Orientis partes incolunt, etc. : v. 
 
 EAST.) 
 
 eastward : 1. (ad) orientem ver- 
 sus : V. TOWARDS. 2. ab orieutfi (on 
 tlie east) : Mela. 
 
 easy : I. ^ot difficult : 1. fSciii*. 
 
 e (either absol., or foil, by ad and gerund, 
 or supine in u) : an e. thing, res f., 
 Ter. : (things) e. to understand, ad judi- 
 candum facilia, Cic. : a thing e. to be 
 done, res factu f, ler.: Cic. Less freq. 
 foil, by infin., e. to be conquered, I. vinci, 
 Liv. Very easy, perlai ilis, Oic. : Caes. 
 2. proclivis (lit. down-hill: hence 
 of what is readily and naturally done) : 
 to prefer (he ',. to the laborious, pro- 
 clivia laboriosis anteponere, Cic. Join: 
 facilis et proclivis, Cic. Al^o the phr. 
 In proclivi is loiind = proclivis, after 
 verb to be (not in Cic). ererylhing else 
 ivill be e., alia omnia in proclivi erunt, 
 Sail. (Or.). 3. pr5nus (like proclivis, 
 but rare) : that is easier to believe, id 
 proniiis ad tidem est, Liv. Sail. 4. 
 e.\p6ditus (lot presenting obstacles; to 
 be readily done) : an easier road to 
 honours, via expeditior ad honores, Cic: 
 (things) very e. to explain, ad expli- 
 eandum expeditissima, Cic. 5. 'i 
 
 promptu (with esse . noi preiisely in 
 this sense in Cic) : Sail (Or.) : Ov. : v. 
 easily (1. fin.). Phr.: it is not e. for 
 those to rise n horn, baud faci le emergunt, 
 quos, etc., Juv. ||. Attended with 
 
 ease and comfort : 1. otiosus (strictly, 
 having no business or caies): to be e. 
 in one's mind, otioso esse animo, Ter. : 
 e. in mind, otiosus ab animo, Ter. 
 (A somewhat colloq. use of the word: 
 in Cic.= unemployed, at leisure.) 2. 
 tranquillus, quietus: v. quiet, calm. 
 3. Clemens, ntis (without effort or 
 vexacions) : this e. toim-life, liaec cl. 
 vita urbana [alque otium]. I'er. Ad. i , 
 I. 17. Phr.: to be in e. circumstances, 
 *a re familiari satis commode se habere, 
 fortuna commoda magis qiiam ampl.1 
 uti. III. Of complyiny temper : 1. 
 facilis : an e. father, f. pater, Ter.: tt«
 
 EAT 
 
 EBULLITiON 
 
 ECLECTIC 
 
 e. nymphs, f. nymphae. Virg. : v. (ioou- 
 
 NATURED. 2. illilulKeilS : V. INDUL- 
 
 GENT. 3. reniissus (lit. M«(>e<i<; <>pp. 
 to severe, exactintj) ; I doubted whether 
 to be e. (imlh him), or to stand on my 
 right, (diibilaliam) utruiii reniissior e.s- 
 sem, an summojure conleiideieiu, Cic. : 
 Plin. Jiin. IV. I'ncovstrain'd : u-ith- 
 out cijort : 1. expidiius (esp. of 
 
 utterance) : e., fluent speeck, e.\. I't per- 
 facile currens oratio, Cic. : v. fuee. 2. 
 vSnustus, lepidus : v. grackkul. I' h r. : 
 the quiet, e. talk of an old man, sfiiis 
 sernio quietus et remissus, Cic. : a very 
 e. (fluent) speaker, soluiisslmus iu di- 
 cendo, Cic. 
 
 eat: A. Trans.: |. To con- 
 sume by the mouth : \, iSdo, edi, esum, 
 } (Ij. CJ. } ii;) : to e. a greiit many 
 pecks of salt together (prov.), multos 
 modios sails simul e , Cic. : he e.s olires, 
 oleas est, Hor. : I'cr. 2. coim'do, ; : 
 
 V. TOEATiM". 3. inundiico, I (sliictly 
 to chew : rare in good authors) : to c. a 
 couple of moitthfuls, duas bucceas m., 
 Aug. ill Suet, I, 78 : PI. : v. TO cHEW. 
 4, vescor, }: v. inf. (II.), and to 
 LIVE (UPON). 5. gusto, I (to taste) : 
 they deem it unlauful 10 e. the hare 
 leporem g. fas non putant, Caes. : SuH. 
 I' far.: to hare noUiitig to e., •nibil lm.>- 
 ere unde vitam sustineas, unde famein 
 tollas: not to e. anything, &bstineie cibo, 
 Cic. (v. TO AiiKTAiN): to e. very little, 
 very much (habitually), minimi, plurinil 
 cibi esse, .SueL ; to give a person some- 
 thing to «., alicui cibuin praebere (v. 
 KOOi'): to hare a desire to e., esurire : 
 V. HUNGBV (to kk). ||, To lice on : 
 
 vescor, } (with abl.) : to e. pears, Tpiris 
 v., Hor. : to e. those thiiigs which cause 
 a pleasant titillation of the appetite, v. 
 iis rebus quae dulcem motum afferunt 
 sensui, Cic. Vescor is also lound with 
 an ace, Tac. : I'lin. |||, Fig., to 
 
 corrode : edo, rodo : v. To ICAT awav, 
 COBROUE. B. In trans. : |. To 
 partake of food : 1. edo, { : to e. 
 
 when hungry, esurientem e., Cic. : to 
 e. in order to lire, esse ut vivas, Cic: 
 e., drink, stuff', edite, bibite, effarcite 
 vos ! I'l. 2. vescor, { : he used to e. 
 
 before dinner, vesccljattir ante coenam. 
 Suet. : esp. with abl e-xpressed: the gods 
 neither e. nor drink, dii nee escis nee 
 potlonibus v., Cic. F li r. : to e. with an 
 appetite (at dinner), libenler coenare, 
 Cic. : to e. freely, largiter se (cibo) in- 
 vitare, cf. Suet. Aug. 77. ||. To taste : 
 sapio, ivi and ui, }: PI.: Juv. : v. to 
 taste. 
 
 away: 1. rodo, si, sum, ; : 
 
 rivers e. away their baitks, flumiiia 
 ripas r., Lucr. : iron is mtm an ay 
 by rust, ferrum robigine roilitur. Ov. 
 2. 6do, J the choked fue e.s away 
 tlie ships, leiitus carinas est vapor, 
 Virg. Esp. fig., of care, distress : if 
 aught is e.ing anai) your htui t, si quid 
 est atiimum, Hor. 3. perOdo, ; (to 
 
 eat quite away) : rocks eaten wray by 
 salt, sale saxa peresa, I^icr. : I'ib. : v. 
 ro couRODE. 4. niordeo, momordi, 
 luorsum, 2 (poet.) : (Jields) which the 
 I, iris e.s away u<ith its still stream, 
 quae Liris quieta in. aqua, Hor. 
 
 UP ; 1. comedo, i : to e. up 
 
 all the com: omiic Iruiiienmin c. Suet. : 
 Cic. Esp. fig., to e. up <ir n-aste one's 
 property, c. rem lamiliarem, Cic. 2, 
 
 voro, devCro, i : v. to .swallow. 3. 
 vescor, j (with abl. ; also ace.) : he be- 
 gan to e. them (the doces) up one by one, 
 coepit vesci singulas, Phaedr. 
 
 eatable : 1. esculentus : whatever 
 is e. or drinkal'Ui, quod e aut potu- 
 leutum est, Gell. .\eut. pi. as subs., 
 esculenta, ea^aWf.s Cic. 2. fdulis, e: 
 Hor. .\eut. pi. edulia, ium and lonim, 
 eatablei:, .Suet. : Gell. I' h r. : e. things, 
 quae esui sunt, Gell. : the root is e. when 
 boiled down, radix ejus \escenilo (apta 
 ad vescendum, Cic.) est decocla, Plin. : 
 what other quality has the sifine, except 
 that it is <■.. sus quid liabet praeter 
 esca-u .' Cic. N. 1). 2. 64, ito. 
 
 eater: pns. part, of edo: see 1^. G. 
 ^ 6^8. P h r. : a great e., homo edax, 
 
 Cic. : to be a great e., a little e., plurimi 
 (multi), minimi cibi esse, Suet.; cibl 
 capatisaimura esse, Uiv. 
 
 eating (subs.) : esus, us : found only 
 in forms esui, esu : Varr. : Gell. Phr. : 
 by e. and drinking, cibo et polione, Cic. : 
 to indulge so far in e. and drinking, 
 tantuni cibl et |H)tioni8 adhibere, Cic. : 
 very nice e., suaves res, Hor.; (res) 
 cibis gratae, I'lin. : to be delicious e., 
 jucundissime siipere, Ciil.: v. to Taste. 
 
 eating-house : poplna : Cic : Hor. 
 The kei-jier if an e., popiriarius, I^anipr. : 
 a frequenter of e.i, popino, Hor. : to 
 frequent e.s, popinor, i, Trebell. 
 
 eave : 1. protectum : to cut away 
 the e. of a house (ovi kipping yours), 
 protectum rccidere, Ulp. l>ig. 9, 2, 2>J 
 ^ I : to have e.s prujecting orer a neigh- 
 bour's house, ex acdibus tuis In aedes 
 alterius projecturn halK?re, Lab. Dig. 4!, 
 I", i <^ f'- 2. piojectio: Uib. Dig. 
 1. ( § 5. 3. subgrundae, arum (appy 
 not ill sing.) : (" projectura leill qua slil- 
 licidium a pariete arcciur," Korc. s. v.): 
 beneath the e.s, subter subgrunda.s, Varr. 
 K. R. J, } : sloping e.s, s. prodinatae, 
 Vitr. (N.B. Protectum and projcctio 
 appear to have been the legal terms ; 
 subgrundae the popular designation.) 
 Phr.: a dropping of water from the 
 e.s, stilllcidiuni. Lucr. 
 
 eaves-dropper : 1. auceps, copis, 
 
 c. ; lest there be any e. listening, ne qiiis 
 nostro a. sermoni siet, PI. 2. "ta- 
 custes or Otaciista ae, »i. (uiTaKovaTTi<;) : 
 Apul. 3. auriciilarlus oc oricaiarius : 
 Petr. fr. Phr.: to play the e.. subaus- 
 cultare (which word had not, liowever, 
 the offensive sense of tlie Eiig. : d. Cic. 
 Top. 20, 75 : "bonis viris subauscultan- 
 tibus pariete interposito ") ; aure foribus 
 (furamini, etc.) adinoia sermonem capt- 
 are (based on Ter.). 
 
 eaves-dropping (s«6s.) : Phr.: that 
 there be no e. (comice), ne quis venator 
 adsit cum auritis plagis (catcliing words 
 with nets that have ears to them), PI. 
 Mil. !, I, 14: a person given to e., aiicefs 
 sermonis : v. preced. art. 
 
 ebb (*'"''s-) : I. Lit.: of the tide : 
 
 1, recessus, is (opp. to accessus) : 
 more fully, marini aestus recessus, Cic. 
 
 2. decessus (aesius) : Cic 3. 
 regressus (aestus) : Val. Max. P li r. : 
 the e. and flow of the tide, aestus reci- 
 procatio, Plin. ||. Fig.: o toe state : 
 I' h r. : to beat a low e., jacere : the law- 
 comts wo^e at a low e., Judicia jaccbant, 
 Cic. : when your fortunes are at their 
 e., in adversis (angustis) rebus (v. ad- 
 VER.SITV) : hope is at a low e.. spes in 
 angusto est, Cic; fluere ac retro sub- 
 lapsa referri spes (Danaum), Virg. A. 2, 
 169 : »'»! all things there is e. and flow, 
 omnium rerum vicissitudo est, I'er. (v 
 VICISSITUDE): our funds are at a lou 
 e., *de re pecuniaria male res se haliet. 
 
 ebb (") I. Lit.: of the tide: 
 
 1. rficedo, s»i, ssum, j : the tides 
 now floiving and now e.ing, aestus ma- 
 ritimi turn accedentes tum recedentes, 
 Cic. N. 1). 2, 5?, 152. 2. remco, i : 
 the tides e. and flow twice every 24 hours, 
 aestus maris bis afiluunt bisipio r. vice- 
 nis quaternisque semper horis, I'lin. 2, 
 97, 99 (see the place). 3. recipidco, 
 1 : Plin. 1. c Ph r. : when the tide e.s, 
 minueiite acstu, Caes. B. G. ;, I2: less 
 precise expr. are, (:iestus maris) resi- 
 duni, se resorbcnt, Plin. 1. c. ; (mare) 
 resorbetur, Tac ||. Fig.: to sink to 
 a low state: decrcsco, dijtCrior lio, etc. : 
 v. to decrease, wane. 
 
 ebbing (•"'"'JS-) = recessus: v. ebb. 
 
 ebbing {part, adj.): 1. reHuus: 
 Plin. 2. reciprdcus: Plin. Fig.: e. 
 fortunes, res iingustae, adversae: v. ad- 
 ver.se. 
 
 ebony: eb^nus, i, /.; gbCnnm, i, n. 
 (the latter of the wood only, not the 
 tree) : Virg. : PUn. Of e., cbeninus, 
 Hier. (for which Ov. has abl. elieno. 
 Met. II, 610 : in prose better, ex ebeno 
 factus). 
 
 ebriety : ebrietas, ebriosltas (ha- 
 bitual): V. nitUNKESNESS. 
 
 ebullition: I. Lit-: of fluids: 
 
 bullltus, as, Vitr.: v. bubblikg. ||, 
 Fig.: of passions : im|>6tu6, us: in on 
 e. qf passion, iuipeiu et ini, Tac. Ger. 
 25 : V. fit (subs.). 
 
 eccentric: I. Lit : dei-iating 
 
 from tlie cmtre : ecctntro.-:, on («icn- 
 Tpo«) : Marc. Cap. ||. F 1 g. singular 
 odd: (a), of persons: perh. simplex (cf 
 Hor. S. 1, }, 6}) vilaeque rudls, I. e. 
 blunt and ignorant of S(Ki'ly ; in com- 
 muni vita et viilgari hominum consue- 
 ludine [qua^i] hebes ac rudis, cf. Cic de 
 Or. I, 58, 248. Phr.: he is an e. dia- 
 rOKler, mirabiliter moratus est, Cic. All, 
 2. 25 : he was a most e. {fiiconsiftentj 
 fellow, nil aequale homiiii full, Hor. .S. 
 I, i, 9. (b). of actions, conduct : 
 (.') ins6lltus, insolens: v. unusual, 
 »tkang«. 
 
 eccentrically: mirabiliter, qua«i 
 simplicior ft vulgaris liominum consue- 
 tudinis rudi?-: v. preced. art. 
 
 ecclesiastic / ecciiisiusticus. Tort. 
 
 ecclesiastical f (or by circuml., ud 
 ecclesiani pii tiiiens) : v. ciiUBCU. A-« 
 subs., an ecclesiastic, ecclcslanticus. Cod. 
 Theod. 
 
 echinus : I. -A hedge-hog : echi- 
 nus, Claud. II, A shell-fisit : gchinus, 
 Hor. 
 
 echo (subs.) : I, L i t. : 1. Imago, 
 inLs, / : where there is no e. (a site foi 
 bees), ubi non resonent imagines, Varr. : 
 cf. Virg. G. 4. 5.T (with ref. to the same) 
 ubi vocis oifensa resultat Imago: the 
 sportive e., Jocosa im., Hor. : Ov. : a faint 
 e., *im. vocis tenuis, subtilis. 2. 
 echo, lis, /. (lix") : Ov. : PliiL 3 
 resOnautia (in a building) : \'itr. 
 Phr.: iHilleys where titere is an e., 
 valles argutae, Col. 9. 5, fin. : in thcU 
 place there is a seven-fold e., 'ibi septies 
 repercussa vox ad aures defertur (v. 
 keverbkration) : tltcse parts (of tlir 
 play) were applauded to the e., (haec) 
 toti^is theatri clamore dixit; [cetera] 
 mugno cum fremitu et clamore sunt 
 dicta, Cic. Att. 2, 19, 2 : tJie mob aj>- 
 plaudeil to 'he e., adstrepebat vulgus, 
 Tac. An. i, 18: glory is as it icne the 
 e. of virtue, gloria virtuti resonat [tan- 
 quam imago], Cic. fuse, j, 2, j. ||, 
 Fig.: of that :vhii:h is a mere lepetition 
 of something ehe : Phr.: I haxt fthooled 
 myself to be his e. in everything, im- 
 pcravi egomet mihi omnia as-«ntari, 
 I'er. Eun. 2, 2, 21 : to be the mrre e. of 
 other men's opinions, alienas sentenlias 
 subsequi atque rcferre : v. to echo 
 (II.). 
 
 echo (w): I. Lit.: 1. rgfJro. 
 tiUi, liitum, J : to e. a sound, sonum 
 r., Cic : Ov. 2. rgsijno, ui, Itum, i 
 (esp. poet.: V. to ri-souni>): the unods 
 1: my Cynthia's name, resonant mihi 
 "Cynthia" sylvae, Prop.: to e. Uie 
 name of Anutri/IHs, Ainaryllida r., 
 Virg. : Col. 3. reperctitio, ssi, sum, 
 J : sounds e.'d Uuk, voc es rep<-rcussae 
 Tac: V. to kk.veu berate. 4. rf- 
 sulto, I (of the souod itself, to rebound): 
 Virg. 5. reboo, 1 (to lesound loudly): 
 the temples e. to the lute, citluris r. 
 templa, l^ucr. : Virg. : v. to ri-:sound. 
 II. Fig.: to leptat what sotne one 
 else has soul: 1. subsjquor, cuius 
 } (to follow closely): .s'ljensippus r.ing 
 rlato, S. Plaionem subsequiiis. Cic. 
 Sen. : V. to foi.h)w. 2. asseiitor. i 
 (with hypocritical admiration) : Ter. 
 (cf. echo. subs. II.). 
 
 echoing (;«"•'• <"0-') ■ 1. rSsanus : 
 
 e. vallei/s. r. valles, Lucr. : e. sounds, r. 
 voces, Ov. 2. rSiipriScus (only in 
 pass, sense): e. sounds, r. voces, Plin. 
 3. argutus: e. valleys, a. valles. 
 Col. 
 
 eclat ('■"'■) ' Pli''. : to Und an e. to 
 one's family, famlliam (suam) illus- 
 trare.Suet.: v. i.vsTRE, Sl'LENHOUR. 
 
 eclectic ; •eclectlcus (cKAcKTixof t : 
 the e. jihikisophii, philosophia e„ Slim. 
 Hist. Phil. 'llie J:.s, I-xlccilci, ib. 
 Phr.: to adopt an e. mode, 'singula ex 
 complurlbus auctorilnis sume:e atque 
 cimsociare; ex variis fontibas juiticio 
 suo quantum quoque modo vidiutur 
 haurire (.based on Cic. Off. 1, 2, 61. 
 24}
 
 ECLIPSE 
 
 EDIFICATION 
 
 EDUCATION 
 
 eclipse (subs.)-. |. Lit. : of sun 
 or moon : 1. defectio : to foretell e.s 
 of the sun and moon, solis lunaeque d. 
 praedicere, Cic. : a total e., perfecta d., 
 Sen. : to observe an e. of the sun, solis 
 d. deprehendere, Sen. 2. defectus, 
 lis (used by Cic. of the waning of the 
 moon): Virg. 3. obscuratio sulis or 
 lunae, Plin. : Quint. 4, eclipsis, is, 
 /. (cKAeii/jts) : Auct. Her. §. de- 
 
 llquium (solis) ■ Plin. P h r. : a?i e. of 
 the sun takes place when that budy is 
 opposite the moon, sol lunae oppositus 
 solet deficere (obscurari), Cic: there is 
 an e. of the moon, luna laborat, Cic. ; 
 languescere luna, Tac. ||, Kig. : of 
 fatne, character, etc. : P h r. : as tlwugh 
 the cmtvnumaeaUh had suffered eternal 
 €., tanquam si offusa reipublicae sem- 
 piterna nox esset, Cic. : to suffer e., 
 obscurari, tenebris ac caligine obvolvi : 
 V. folL art. and gloom. 
 
 eclipse ("•) : I, Of the sun or 
 
 moon ; chiefly in pass., to be eclipsed : 
 deficere, obscurari, etc. : v. preced. art. 
 (I., phr.). II. To make to appear 
 
 dark : 1, obsc&ro, i : the light of a 
 lamp is e.d by the light of the sun, 
 obscuratur luce soils lumen lucernae, 
 Cic. Fig.: your praises no oblivion 
 shall e., tuas laudes nulla est obscura- 
 tura oblivio, Cic. 2. Inumbro, i : 
 
 the smaller stars are e.d by the rise of 
 t?ie irune powerful ones, parva sidera 
 validiorum exortu in., Plin. jun. (who 
 usei< the word also fig., " legatorum 
 dignitas inumbratur," Pan. 19). 3. 
 ebunibro, i (tig.): Tac: Plin. Phr.: 
 if my reputation be e.d, si [in tanta 
 scriptorum turba] mea fama in obscuro 
 sit, Lav. prel. (Jiiit.) : the greatness of 
 those who shall e. my name, magni- 
 tudo eorum meo qui nomini obficient, 
 Liv. 1. c. 
 
 ecliptic : (linea) ecliptica : Serv. ad 
 Virg. 
 
 eclogue: ecloga (strictly, an ex- 
 tract) : Plin. jun. : Virg. 
 
 economic : >• e. relating to house- 
 hold management : 1. oecSnomicus 
 (oiKoi'o/u.tKo?, Xen.), Cic. (as appellation 
 of the work of Xen. : he explani.s the 
 word by "de tuenda re familiari," OIT. 
 2, 24, fin.): Quint, (fig.). 2. dls- 
 pensatorius : Hler. As subs., economics, 
 scientia tuendae rei familiaris (v. sup):): 
 in wider sense, *quae ad totam rei 
 oecononiiam pertinent : v. economy. 
 
 economical : 1. parous : v. fru- 
 gal. 2. attentus {paying close at- 
 tention to one's money matters) : Hor. 
 3. diligens, ntis : v. careful. 
 
 economically : parce, dillgenter ; 
 
 V. SPARINGLY, CAREFULLY. 
 
 economist : I. <^"« who expounds 
 
 the principles of economy: a political 
 e., 'qui rei publicae opes exponit; qui 
 publlcarum opum rationem explicat. 
 II. An economical person : homo 
 parens, attentus: v. sparing. Phr.: 
 a good e., bonus assiduusqiie dominus, 
 Cic. : he is a great e. of lime, magna est 
 ejus parsimonia lempuris, I'lin. Ep. j, 5. 
 
 economize : parco, ; (with dat.) : 
 V. TO spark. Phr.; to e. one's time, 
 tempus parce dispensare, Sen. (Q.). 
 
 economy: I, Household manage- 
 ment : 1. *scientia or discipUna tu- 
 endae rei familiaris, cf. economic (1). 
 2. diligpMtia : a stenard is the sub- 
 stitute for my personal e., Qvillicus] 
 vicarius meae diligentiae succedit, Col. 
 II, i; more fully, rei familiaris dili- 
 gentia, cf. Col. 1. c. 3. cella (by 
 meton. : lit., larder) : you call this pil- 
 lage and spoliation by the name of e., 
 huic praedae ac direptioni cellae nomen 
 imponis, Cic. Verr. j, 8;, 197 (cf. Niigels. 
 F- ' II. By anal., in theol. sense, 
 
 dispensation : *oec6n6mia, lex, instituta 
 :j)l.) : V. dispensation. |||. Political 
 e. .- *publlcarum opum scientia or disci- 
 pUna. IV. Frugality: parsimonia, 
 diligentia: v. fbcgalitv. 
 
 ecstasy: I. Lit.: a trance: 1, 
 
 ecstasis, is,/, (a late word): to speak in 
 
 e. (as the prophets), in ecstasi luqui, 
 
 Uier. : Tert. 2. luror, oris : v. 
 
 244 
 
 FBENZY. 3. insania : cf. Hor. Od. j, 
 4, 6. 4. mentis excessus, us : Vulg. 
 Acts X. 10; xi. 5. Phr.: the bard in 
 a staie q/'e., atlonitus vates, Hor. ||. 
 Rapture : \, elatio voluptaria, Cic. 
 Fin. }, ic,fin. 2. *quasi stiipor ges- 
 tientis laetitiae: v. rapture. Phr.: to 
 be in an e. of joy, laetitia gestire, Cic. : 
 to lie in an e. of joy, gaudio stupere, 
 Coel. ap. Cic. 
 
 ecstatic : I. Belonging to a state 
 of trance: 1, attonitus (of persons 
 in a state of religious frenzy) : Hor. ; 
 Virg. 2, insanus : Virg. : v. fren- 
 zied. II, Of pleasure, transporting : 
 Phr.: to be in a state of e. jay, laetitia 
 efferri, exsultare (not quite so strong as 
 the Eng.), Cic; gaudio exsultare, Cic. : 
 
 V. TRANSPORT. 
 
 ecumenical (oec-) : oectimeiiicus : 
 an K. council, oe. concilium, M.L. 
 
 edacious: edax: v. voracious. 
 
 edacity : Sdacltas, Cic 
 
 eddy (s^tbs.) : vortex or vertex, Icis, 
 m. ; a whirling e., tortus v., Virg. : a 
 cross e. (forming a current across a 
 stream), iransversus v., Liv. : to roll 
 diminished es, minores volvere v., Hor. 
 Full of e.s, vortlcosus, e. g. amnis, Liv. 
 (For eddy of wind, v. whirlwind.) 
 
 eddy ("•) : in orbem (aquas) flectere ; 
 circumferri atque in se resorberi ; in se 
 volutari ; convertl : Sen. N. Q. 5, ij. 
 
 eddying (part, adj.): i. e. full of 
 eddies, vorticosus, vorticibus abundans, 
 densus : v. eddy. 
 
 edge (subs.) : I. Margin : 1. 
 margu, inis, c. : the e. of a bank. m. 
 ripae, Ov. : of a sore, m. ulceris, Plin. : 
 of a ship's stern, m. puppis, Sil. : v. 
 BRINE, border. 2. very often expr. 
 by extremus in agr. with subs. (L. G. 
 } J4?) : just at the e. cf the document, 
 in extrema codicis cera, Cic Verr. 2, i, 
 }6, 92 : v. END, OUTSIDE. 3. ora : the 
 e.s of a iiound, orae vulneris, Cels. : v. 
 RIM, BORDER. 1' li r. : leaves with a 
 serrate e., folia ambitu serrato, Plin. 
 See also fringe, hem. ||. Of a cut- 
 ting instrument : acies, el, /. : the e. of 
 an axe, securis a., Cic. Fig.: the e. of 
 the mind, mentis a., Cic. Phr.: to 
 strike an enemy with the e. or the point 
 of the sword, hostem caesim, punctim 
 petere, Liv.: in gen. sense, to slay with 
 the e. of the suord, trucidare, Interficere 
 (V. TO SLAY). Fig.: to set the teeth 
 on e., fdentes) gustu astringere, Plin. : 
 (denies filiorum obstupescunt, Vulg. Kz. 
 xvlii. 2) : to take off' the e. of one's appe- 
 tite, faniem levare, Ov. ; latrantem sto- 
 machum lenire, Hor. : to take off the e. 
 of curiosity, *cupiditaiem, exspecta- 
 tionem mitigare, hebetare : the e. of 
 aorrow is taken off by wine, vino tristitia 
 hebetatur, Plin. : v. to blunt. 
 
 edge (v.) : I. To border ; praetexo, 
 J : V. to border, fringe. II, To 
 sharpen ■ ilcuo, j : v. to whet, 
 sharpen. Ill, Fig.: to render more 
 violent : exacerbo, exaspgro, i : v. to 
 exasperate, embitter. IV, In- 
 
 tra n s. : to edge almig or away (col- 
 loq.) : Phr.: ue e. along the lofty crags, 
 altas cautes radimus, Virg.: you e.d 
 auayfrom me, clam te subduxti niihi, 
 Ter. : to e. out of an affair, *paulla1im 
 se ex aliquo negotio e.xpedire (Pt. and 
 A.). (N.B. For to edge mi, v. to egg 
 on.) 
 
 edged : acutus : v. sharp. P r o v. : 
 7(.v ill playing with e. tools, *satis cum 
 perieulo isla tractantur (?). 
 
 edging (subs.) : limbus : v. border. 
 
 edible: esculentus, edulis: v. eat- 
 able. 
 
 edict : edictum : to publish an e., e. 
 proponere, Liv. : to enact by e., edicto 
 sancire, Cic. : a praetor's e., e. praetoris, 
 Cic. To publish an e. that . . . , ediccre 
 ut, ne . . . , Cic. : Liv. (Sometimes a 
 praetor's e. assumed the form of a 
 letter; whence praetoris literae, Cic. 
 Verr. ;, 22, 56.) 
 
 edification : *apdincatio, Vulg Eph. 
 iv. 12 (lor which aeditico may often be 
 used, *in aedlBeaiidmn corpus Christi, 
 cf. Vulg. 1. c: but the subs, and the 
 
 verb are both unclass. in this senie). 
 Se« instruction, improvement. 
 
 edifice : 1. aedillcium : v. build- 
 ing. 2. moles, is, /. (a massy e.) : 
 Hor. 
 
 edi& : *aeditIco, I: Vulg. Phr.: 
 to e. one another, 'inter se ad pietatem 
 excitare : the book is calculated to e., *is 
 liber ad pietatem erga Deum alendam 
 aptus est : lie preaches not to e. but to 
 astonish, *id agil non ut audientium 
 aniinos piis affectibus imbuat, sed ut sui 
 admirationem iis injiciat. 
 
 edifying (part, adj.) : aptus ad 
 pietatem alendam: v. preced. art. 
 Phr.: tlie spectacle is by no means e., 
 *minime ad emendandos hominnm 
 mores utile est id spectaculum : e. con- 
 versation, sermo praeceptorum plenus 
 cf. Ter. Ad. j, ;, 58 : to set an e. example 
 of piety, *pietatis egregium praebere 
 exemplum. 
 
 edit : 1. edo, j : i. e. to publish 
 (q. v.). More precisely, edendum or 
 vulgandum euro, i : cf. Suet. Gr. 8, fm. 
 
 2. rgcognosco, novi, nitum, } (to 
 read over and re>nse): newly e.'d by 
 (on title page of an edition), denuo 
 recognita edidit, Schneid. : e.'d and in- 
 dexed by .... , recognovit atque in- 
 dlcibus instruxit . . . . , Jahn (the name 
 of the editor being in each case added). 
 
 3. recenseo, ui, itum, 2 (like pre- 
 ced.) : e.'d with notes by .... , recensuit 
 notisque illustravit, Gierig. 4. ciiro, 
 I : Oberl. 
 
 edition: 1. editio. Quint. 5, 12 
 40. 2. recensio (a critical e.): M.L. 
 Phr.: IVolf'se. of the Homeric poems, 
 Homerica carmina a WolHo edita, cura 
 et studio Wolfii typis descripla (Kr.) : 
 to publish a new e., librum denuo typis 
 exscribtndum curare (Ivr.) : first, second 
 e., primuni, iterum ediius (Kr.). 
 
 editor: editor: M.L. 
 
 educate : 1. educo, i (to bring 
 up, in whatei>er way : not educo in this 
 sense : v. to rear) : to e. an orator (e. 
 a young person fur an orator), oratorem 
 e.. Quint. : e.d under a mother's tender 
 care, in gremio matris educatus, Cic. Br. 
 58, 211; in matris sinu atque indul- 
 genlia educatus, Tac. A. 4. 2. in- 
 stituo, ui, Qlum, j (to train ; esp. in any 
 given branch of knowledge : ace to 
 Varr ap. Non. 447, jj, "educit ob- 
 stetrix, educat nutrix, instituit paeda- 
 gogus, docet magister:" but cf. preced 
 exx.) : to e. (for an) orator, oratorem 
 inst.. Quint. : to e. the palate, palatum 
 inst., Quint.: v. to train, instruct. 
 3. eriidio, 4 (to impart a liberal 
 education) : (a youth) uho is e.d at a 
 school (opp. at htmie), qui in scholis 
 eruditur. Quint. Join: instituere et 
 erudiie liberos [ad majorum instituta], 
 Cic. 4. doceo, 2 : v. to teach. 
 
 educated (part, adj.) : liberaliter 
 institutus, eiiiditus, Cic. See also ac- 
 complished. 
 
 education : 1. edticatio (bring- 
 ing up in widest sense): the wearisome- 
 ness and toil of e., taedium laborque 
 educationis, Plin. jun.: Cic. Join: 
 educatio atque doctrina Qpuerllis], edu- 
 catio et disciplina, Cic. 2. eriiditio 
 (liberal e. ; schooling) : e. at school is 
 better than licnne e., potior in scholis e. 
 est quam doiui, Quint. : having had a 
 first rate e., praeclara e. atque doctrina 
 ornatus, Cic. 3. disciplina (a course 
 of training) : to commit a son to any 
 one for the purpose of e., tradere alicui 
 filium in disciplinam, Cic. : is this your 
 mode of e. f haec igiiur est tua d. ? Cic. ; 
 V. training. 4. doctrina (leaching') : 
 e. developes innatepower,d. vim promovet 
 insitam. Hor. : Cic. (v. sufrr. 2). Phr.: 
 a person who has received a liberal e., 
 (homo) liberaliter institutus. educatus, 
 Cic. : the care of the e. of children, edu- 
 candorum, erudiendoium liberomm 
 cura (v. TO edl'cate) : to have the e. of 
 a gentleman, ingenuas didicisse fideliter 
 artes, Ov. .' having received a military 
 e., eruditus artibus militiae, Liv. : to 
 get a soldier's e., militiae adsuescere, 
 Liv. : in Heu of a military e., pro
 
 EDUCATIONAL 
 
 EFFECTOR 
 
 EFFICACY 
 
 mUitari rudimcnto, LIv. li, }: he fxxsffd 
 through his military e. to the satis/uc- 
 tiun of the commander, prima casirorum 
 mdimenta duci adprobavil, Tac. A. 5 : 
 to regard all adversity as an e. (for 
 life), omnia adversa exercltatlones pul- 
 are, Sen. I'ruv. i, 2. 
 
 educational : 1. scboiasticus. 
 Quint. : v. scholastic. 2. expr. by 
 subs, or verb (v. ici>ucation, to kdc- 
 oate) ; to devote public money to e. pur- 
 poses, *publicas pecunias ad libcros 
 educandos s. eiudiendus, a<l liberonim 
 educatlonem disclplinamque, crogare. 
 P h r. : an e. journal. *scholarum diuma : 
 an e. society, •praecpptonun sodalilas : 
 e. uxrrhs, *llbri puerorum erudicndorum 
 causa scrlpli. 
 
 educator: 1. praeccptor, m5g- 
 
 istei : V. tkachku. 2. educator (,not 
 in Cic. in this sense) : Tac. 
 
 educe : 1. ellcio, cui and exi. 
 citum, J : (your) box full of nard shall 
 e. (my) jar, nardi plenus onyx eliciet 
 cadum, Hor. : Cic. : v. TO elicit. 2. 
 promo, psi, plum, j : to e. attractive 
 marvels (of Homer in the Odyssey), 
 speciosa p. miracula. Hor. A. I*. 144. 
 P h r. : to e. tlie light from the siiwlce. ex 
 fumo dare lucem, Hor. 1. c. See also 
 TO adddce, deduce. 
 
 eel: angullla, Plln. : he is as sHppery 
 as an «., angiiilla est, elabitur, PI. An 
 e -sicin, (anguillue) tergus, Plin. 9, 1}, 
 }q; also simply anguilla, Isid. 
 
 efface : |. L i t. : to i-emove cha- 
 racters, etc. : 1. deleo, 2 : v. to 
 BLOT OUT. 2. induco, } (to dratv the 
 pen across): v. tocakcel. 3. &boleo, 
 evi, ttum, 2 (in gen. sense, to do atXay 
 wit/i): cf. Ov. M. 15, S^i. 4. erado, 
 si, sum, } (v. TO erase) : time will e. 
 the traces of noble slates, ve>tigia no- 
 bilium civitatura tempus eradet, Sen. 
 II, Fig.: to do aaay with : 1, 
 dcleo, 2: v.toblotout. 2. ol'l'ttfiro, 
 I (lit. to smear over) : to e. the disgrace 
 of ill success, ob. famam male gestae 
 rei, Liv.: Cic: Tac. 3. aWJleo, } 
 (to destroy utterly): to e. the remiin- 
 trrance or disgrace of anything, me- 
 nioriam, labem ignominlae ab., Tac. 
 4, exstinguo, xi, ctum, j (like 
 preced.): to e. the infamy of treason, 
 proditionls famam ex., Liv.: to e. every 
 distinction of decency, omne discrimen 
 pudoris ex., Liv.: v. to DE.STKor. 
 P h r. ; to e. the n-membrance of a th ing, 
 rei memoriani obsciiram facere, Liv. 
 
 eflfacement: expr. by verbs undiT 
 TO EFFACE: with a view to the e. of the 
 rumour, abolendo rumori (=ad abol- 
 endtmi rumorcni), Tac. 
 
 effect (subs.): I. That which is 
 produceil by a cause : 1. effectum 
 (also used as part., quae sunt effccta de 
 causis, Cic. I'art. 2, 7; quod effectum 
 est, Top. 18, &•]) : to deduce aryumtnts 
 from e.s (opp. to causes), argumenta ex 
 effectis ducere, Cic. Top. 5, 11 : in same 
 sense, ex effectis rebus, ib. } 2; : Quint. 
 2. effectus, us (more usu. = suc- 
 cessful operation, carrying out): to see 
 the e. produced (by certain herbs), vim 
 eff.que videre, Cic. Div. 2, 20, fin. : v. 
 OPERATION. 3. eventum ; for which 
 also eventus, iis, Cic. Part. 2, 7 (a con- 
 sequence, result, or issue : q. v.) : the 
 knowlodge of causes involves a Icnou- 
 iedge of e.s, causarum cognitio cognitio- 
 nem eveulorum facit, Cic. Top. 18, 67. 
 Phr. : to discern cause and e., causas 
 rerum et consecutiones vUkre, Cic. jj. 
 Effectual result : 1. effectus, us : the 
 (proper) e. of eloquence is the approval 
 of the hearers, ef. eloquentiae est appro- 
 batio audienlium, Cic: that thejummer 
 campaign might not be protracted tvith- 
 out any e., ne sine ullo ef. aestas ex- 
 traheretur, Liv. 2. profectus, us : v. 
 I'ROFiT. 3. cmolumentum : v. ad- 
 vantage. 4. vis, vim, vl, /. (force, 
 efficacy : t\. v.) : to have greater e. in 
 intimidating than in encouraging, nia- 
 jorem vim ad deterrendum habere, quani 
 ad cohortandum, Cic. \'b r. : the poison 
 takes e.. veneiumi operatur, Ijimpr. : 
 vcithout e., fruslra, nequicquam (v.. 
 
 VAIN, i.s): to have a benejicial or i«- 
 jurious e., prodesse, obesse or nocere 
 (v. TO besefit, injure) : if only we 
 have studied philosopliy to any e., si 
 modo in philosopbia allquid profecimus, 
 C<^' III. O'eneral purpose, gist : 
 
 Phr.: to this e., hi^usmodi (alter sub.^.) : 
 opinions were advanced to this e. that 
 ■ . . , nonnuUae hujusmodi senteiitiae 
 dicebantur, Cic: in same sense, hujus- 
 cemodi, Sail. : after a verb, in banc 
 sententlam : to the sam£ e., in eandem 
 sententiam, Plin. Kp.: a verse to the 
 same e. as . . . , versus eadem sententia 
 qua . . . , Cic. (v. MEANING, SENSE): this 
 uas the general e. of his sjicech, banc 
 summani habult oratiimis, ut. . . , Cic: 
 v. SCTI, drift. IV. lieality : I'hr. : 
 
 inc., reapse ; 6nim, Ctfinim : v. keal- 
 ity, fact (in), indeed. V. ''" '"'- 
 posing impression : perh. jactTitio, os- 
 tentatio ; v. display. P li r. : with bril- 
 liant e., egregia specie, Tac. Agr. 2;, 
 med. : to study e. rather than truth, 
 ♦magis se ad populum jactare quam ut 
 Veritas manifesia fiat enitl : to study e. 
 in dress and gesture, *habitum corporis 
 gestumque ostentare : v. display, subs. 
 and V. VI, In plur. only, property: 
 bdna, orum : v. goods. 
 
 effect ("•) : efficio, feci, fectum, } : 
 to e. so great progress, tantos progressus 
 ef., Cic: v. to accomplish. Phr.: to 
 e. nothing, nihil agere, Cic: without 
 having e.'d anything, re inlecta, Liv. ; 
 more fully, infectis iis quae quis agere 
 destlnaverit, Caes. : to e. the passage of 
 a river with cavalry, equites, equitatum 
 flunicn trajicere, Iransducere, see L. G. 
 J 246 : toe. a saving, compendii aliquid 
 facere, Cic. (v. saving). 
 
 effective: I. Availing, having 
 fore: 1, efficiens, ntis: e. causes, 
 ef. caus;ie, Cic. : v. pkoductive. 2. 
 effectrlx (masc. effector, cf. L. G. J 598): 
 Cic. : v. productive. See also effect- 
 ual. II, Telling, impressive; esp.of 
 oratory : 1. gravis, e (hai-ing weight) : 
 a most e. and elmiitent speaker. In di- 
 cendo gravissmius et eloquentissimus, 
 Cic. : e. and artistically embtUished 
 speech, oratio gr. et ornata, Cic. 2. 
 copiosus (commanding all tlie resources 
 of oratory): Cic. 3. agens, ntis 
 (sinking, lively : not of persons) : we 
 must use e., i-igorous, striking figures, 
 imaginibus agentibus, acribus, insignitis 
 est utendum, Cic de Or. 2, 87, J58. I' h r. : 
 he tcill not prove an e. speaker, dicendo 
 quod volet perficere non poterit, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 12, 5J : to be a very e. speaker, 
 *maximani vim habere ad anlmos hom- 
 inum permovendos, excitando.s, allici- 
 endos : he delivered a very e. speech, 
 *orationem habuit ad persuadendum 
 aptissimam : v. per.suasive, impres- 
 sive. Ill, As milit. t. t., capable of 
 doing duty : aplus, idoiieus, ad operam 
 praestandam (v. serviceable); qui 
 anna ferre potest, Liv. Phr.: there 
 was assembled an e. fmre of altiut 
 200,000 foot, fere ducenta millla pedi- 
 tum coUlgebantur arniis habilia. Veil.; 
 circiter decem niillia in armis erant (R. 
 and A.) ; *exceptis qui propter vulnera, 
 morbos alias ve causas arma lerre non 
 poterant, decem millia honiinum sub 
 signis erant. 
 
 effectively : |. So as to produce 
 an effect : efficienter, efficiiciter : v. 
 effec-tually. II. Of speaking, im- 
 pressively : 1. gn'iviter (with weight) : 
 Cic; V. WEKiirrii.v, dignity (with). 
 2. c5pios5 (with all the resources 
 of eloquence) : to speak e. before the 
 people, apud populum c. loqul, Cic. 
 Join: composite, ornate, coplose elo- 
 qui, Cic. : v. eloquently. Phr.: to 
 speak (very) e., cum omni gravitate et 
 Jucnnditate diceie, Cic. ; "apte ad aniinos 
 hominum permovendos, liiflammandos, 
 etc. dicere; plurinnim in dicendo valeiv, 
 Cic. (these latter of one who always 
 speaks e.) : v. pi-.ksuasively. 
 
 effectiveness : '« speak-ing, vis dic- 
 endi v. excellkxce. 
 
 effectless: irrilus: v. IXEFFICI.TUAL. 
 
 e'fffctQT: efiector: v. doer, authou. 
 
 effectual : 1. efflcax, acis (Utal 
 obtains its purpose) : e. ptayers, e. 
 preces, Liv.: a plant uhidt is vry e. at 
 an antidote against poisons, herlii effi- 
 atcissima contra venena, Pliu. 2. 
 valens, ntis (having force) : e. at a 
 remedy against ca7icer, v. adversiis can- 
 cerem, Cels. : an e. remedy, v. remi-dium, 
 Cels. When the adj. follows to be, the 
 verb valeo may be used : why are the 
 poisons less e. / cur minus valent ve- 
 nena ? Hor. : Cic ; v. INFLUENTIAL. 3. 
 validus (= valens) ; an e. medicine, v. 
 medicamen, Ov. : Tac. 4. praeseiis, 
 mis (exercising immfiiate ivilueiwr): 
 an e. remedy, pr. remedluni, Col. : Plln. 
 5, pOtens, ntis : v. powehkll. 
 Phr.: it is an e. remedy for imundt, 
 vulneribusoptimemedetur(lacn). Plln.: 
 to adopt more e. measures for ime't 
 security, acrloribus saluti suae reniediis 
 subvenire, Cic: to take e. preeautiont 
 for one.'.elf, satis sibi cavere (prae- 
 eavere), Cic. 
 
 effectually : 1. efficaciter : to 
 
 canvass one's friends more e., ainicoii 
 suos efficacius rogare, Plin. Kp. : Sen. : 
 to cure e., e. sanare, Plin. (KBicienter 
 is used by Cic. of efficient causes, de 1-uL 
 '5. J4-) 2. potenter : v. powk»- 
 FLLLY. 3. liaud (non) fruslra: v. 
 
 VAIN (IN). 
 
 effectuate: efficio. pCrSgo, ad ef- 
 fectum adduco: v. TO effect. 
 
 effeminacy : 1. moiutia and 
 
 moUities, ci (unmanly softness or uvak- 
 ness): to sink into e„ ad mollitiem 
 labi, Cic. : a nation enervated by e. and 
 luxury, gens effemlnata molllllc lux- 
 uriaque, Just. : indulging in e. nurre 
 than anynoman, [otlo ac] mollitie ultra 
 leminam fluens. Veil. 2. effeiniiiatus 
 animi languor, Cic Att. i6, 27. Also 
 the neut. of effeminatus ma.v be used 
 in certain connexions : ii« ;/i ust see to it, 
 that there be no softness, e., or weakness 
 in what we do, vldendum ne quid molle. 
 e., fractum faciamus, Cic Tusc 4, jo, 64. 
 3. effeminatio (late)aiijnii, Hicron. 
 Phr.: with e., effeminate, Cic Join: 
 molUter et effeminate. Sen. : e. of life, 
 delicata vita, Cic: v. effeminate. 
 
 effeminate (adj) ■ 1. efRml- 
 
 natus. Cic. (v. preced. art. 2): e. and 
 nerveless composition, e. et enervis com- 
 positio. Quint. Join mollis et effe- 
 minatus; impurus, inipudicus, effemi- 
 natus, Cic. 2. mollis, e : Cic. ^v. 
 supr.): sometimes in compar., to make 
 use of e., slow gestures, tarditaiibus uti 
 mollioribus, Cic 3. dclicatus (Ir.q. 
 in offensive sense) : to despise e. plea- 
 sures, aspeniari [molles et] dellcaias 
 voluptatcs, Cic. : v. luxdriocs 4. 
 mCiliebris, e : Sail. : v. womanish. 
 5. semivir, virl (poet.); I'aht 
 with his e. train, I'arls cum semiviro 
 comitatu, Virg. 6. turpis, 0: Hor. 
 Od. I, J7. 9. )'h r. : to reiuter «., effem- 
 inare, Caes. : Cic. 
 
 effeminate ("•) : efft-mlno, C-molllo: 
 
 V. TO EMASCULATE, ENERVATE. 
 
 effeminately: 1. eflt-minaW: 
 
 Cic 2. muliebrlter : not to act tn 
 any way sei-vilely or e., ne quid servi- 
 liter m.ve faciamus, Cic. 3. molUtcr: 
 Sail.: Sen. : v. weakly. (But Cic. bai 
 moUiter ferre in good sense. Si'ii 2, 5.) 
 
 effeminateness: v. efkemin.^cy. 
 effervesce : effervesco, tervi, J : y. 
 
 to r.i'ii, I r. 
 
 effervescence : I. L > '•• of fluids .- 
 
 expr. by verb: drink off Uie mizUire 
 while it is in a state of e., *in\xl\iTiim 
 effervescentem (dum effervescil) eiK<la: 
 V. to boil up. II. Ki g., of passion : 
 fervor: Hor.: v. 11 eat, excitement. 
 
 efiete: effietus: an e. frame, e. 
 corpus. Cic To become e.. consOiK-sco, 
 sOnui, } : to beoime e. (of laws) by reason 
 of years, vetustate sua coiisenescerc, 
 
 Cic": V. EXHALSTLD, WORN OtTT. 
 
 efficacious : efflcax : V, effectual. 
 
 efficaciously: efficaciter; V. ef- 
 fect LA LI. V. 
 
 efficaciousness) 1. ^i;-- ^'"''• 
 
 efficacy f v'. f- • " ffcn^ 
 
 the c. of certain herbs, (herborum) vim 
 
 245
 
 EFFICIENCY 
 
 EIGHTEEN 
 
 EJ ACUL ATORT 
 
 et effectura videre, Cic. : v. influence, ! 
 FORCE. 2. virtus, litis, /. : e. of 
 (magic) plants, herbarum v., Ov. 
 Phr. : to liave greater, less e., plus, 
 minus valere, Hor. : v. effectual. 
 
 efficiency : *• e. competent faculty : 
 Phr.: he displayed Hit greatest e. in 
 the public service, suiiimam operam 
 navitatemque in rempublicam admi- 
 nistrandam contulit, cf. Cic. Fam. lo, 25 : 
 tn order to increase the e. of the cavalry 
 service, *quo equites habiliores ad pug- 
 nandum fievent : nothing could exceed the 
 e. with II hick he dischargea the office of 
 tribune, *tribunatum (m'V.tum) unus om- 
 nium summa industria ac virtute gessit. 
 
 efficient : I. in pb'l- sense, caus- 
 ing an effect : e£flciens, ntis : e. causes, 
 ef. causae, Cic. ||, Competent : Tilo- 
 neus, liibilis; v. suitable, competf.nt. 
 Phr. : a {small but) e. army, aptus e.x- 
 ercitiis, Liv. : he rendered valiant and 
 e. service to the state, operam reipublicae 
 fortem atque strenuam perhibuit, Cato 
 in Gell. (v. vigorous) : a very e. com- 
 mander, (dux) bello egregius, Tac. : an 
 e. and judicious teacher, praeceptor acer 
 atque subtilis. Quint. 
 
 efficiently: acrlter, strenue, dilig- 
 enter : v. vigorouslv, activf.ly. 
 
 effigy: imago, effigies: v. imacf, 
 LIKENESS. Phr.: he was burnt in c , 
 •simulacrum ejus cum omni contumelia 
 coiicreiiiatum est. 
 
 effioresce : *(quasi) efBoresco, florui, 
 } : the word is only found in fig. sense 
 in class, authors. 
 
 efflorescence : exanthema, atis : 
 Marc. Knipir. Phr. : there is a salt e.. 
 salsuginem efRorescere, Schweig. Hdi. 
 
 2, 12 : V. ERUPTION. 
 
 effluence : efHavium : Plin. : V. EF- 
 
 FLU.X, emanation. 
 
 effluviuin : halitus, us : V. ex- 
 halation. As scient. t. t., *eEBuvium, 
 effluvia, orum. 
 
 efflux: I. r/ie act of flowing 
 forth: effluvium: the e. of moisture 
 from the body, hunioris e corpore ef., 
 Plin. (or expr. by verb: there is an e. 
 of figures from the surface of bodies, 
 effluunt figurae e sunimis corpuribus. 
 Quint. : there is neither influx nor e. of 
 air, *neque influunt neque effluunt 
 aurae: v. to flow out). ||. That 
 which flows out : id quod effluit, emanat : 
 ▼. TO flow out. 
 
 effort : 1. contentio (o putting 
 forth of one's strength) : with the ut- 
 most possible e., cum summa c, Cic. : 
 Liv. : V. EXERTION. 2. intentio (lil£e 
 preced., but usu with depend, gen.) : to 
 strengthen endurance by an. e. of the 
 mind, patientiam animi intentione firm- 
 are, Cic. : V. EXERTION. 3. conatus, 
 us [any kind of attempt): Cic. : v. at- 
 tempt. 4. conamen, inis, n. (poet.): 
 the mighty (stone) with miyhty e. he 
 threw, magnum raagno conamine misit, 
 Ov. : Lucr. 5. nixus or nisus, lis (a 
 steady straining e.) -. to reach the sum- 
 mit not by a steady e. (climbing), bui by 
 a rush, ad summum pervenire non n. 
 sed Impetu, Quint. Phr.: to put fwth 
 e.s, niti, eniti summa ope; contendere 
 (v. TO EXERT oneself) : xcith great e.s, 
 enixe, Cic: with all one's e.s, eni.xis- 
 Sime, Suet (v. eagerlvI; obnixe, Ter. : 
 without making any e., lentus, lente (v. 
 COOLLY) : / must strive the more eagerly 
 tliat tlieir e.s may be disappointed, mihi 
 acrius adnitendum uti iUi frustra sint. 
 Sail. 
 
 effrontery : os, oris, n. (by meton.) : 
 ynu know the e., the audacity of the 
 fellow, nosti os hominis, nosti audaciara, 
 Cic. : nor is it that you have more cou- 
 rage, but more e., nee tibi plus cordis, sed 
 magis oris inest, Ov. More fully, dur- 
 Itia oris. Sen. Phr.: to assume e. and 
 banish modesty, perfricare frontem [or 
 03], ponere pudorem. Mart. : Cic. : v. 
 shamelessness. 
 
 effalsence : fulgor, splendor : v. 
 
 BRIGHTNESS, SPLENDOUR. 
 
 effulgent : fulgldus, fulgens : v. 
 BRIGHT, lo be e., effulgere ; v. to 
 
 SB DTE. 
 
 246 
 
 effusion: eSusio (the act of pouring 
 out) : Cic. Chiefly in phr., e. of blood, 
 caedes, is, /. : without e. of blood, sine 
 c, Tac. Phr.: a victory gained with- 
 out e. of blood, incruenta victoria, Liv. 
 Sl'c also bloodshed. 
 
 eft : lacerta ; v. newt. 
 
 egg (subs.) : ovum : to lay e.s, ova 
 pareie, Cic. : Plin. ; o. ponere, Ov. ; o. 
 gignere, Cic. ; 0. edere. Col. : to incubate 
 e.s. o. incubare, Varr.; to hatch them, o. 
 eniti, Col. : a fresh e., *o. recens or 
 receiis partum : a ivind-e., o. irritum or 
 urinum, Plin.: the white of an «., ovi 
 albumen, Plin.; ovi album, Cels. ; ovi 
 albus liquor. Col.: the yulk of an «., 
 ovi vitellus, Cels.; also vitellus alone, 
 Hor.: the yolks of five pigeons' e.s, 
 hilea ex ovis quinque columbarum, 
 Plin. : OH e. boiled hard, o. durum, Apic. ; 
 o. induratum or duratum in aqua, Plin. 
 P h r. : teach your grandmother to suck 
 e.s, sus Minervam (so. docet), ut aiunt, 
 Cic. Acad. 1,4, fin.: malleum sapienti- 
 orem scilicet esse manubrio, PI. Kpid. 
 }, 4, fin. : *v:tulus In fabula, cf. Phaedr. 
 
 5. 10- 
 
 egg on ("•): (colloq.): impello, in- 
 cite : V. TO instigate, impel. 
 
 egg-sauce: *jus ovis mistum (R. 
 and A.). 
 
 egg-shell: ovi ptitamen, Plin.; ovi 
 testa, Veg. : v. shell. 
 
 egg-spoon: cochlear ovis utile. Mart. 
 
 eglantine ; cynosbalos, r6sa canina : 
 
 V. BRIAR, DOG- ROSE. 
 
 egoism. <»■ egotism : \. Absorp- 
 tion in self: (caecus) amor sui, Hor.: 
 V. selpishnfss. Phr.: to be eaten up 
 with egoism, *nil praeler se ipsum sen- 
 tire, sapere ; totum in seipso esse. ||, 
 The practice of speaking much of one- 
 self : perh. ostenta'io sui: v. display. 
 Phr.: / am afraid it will look like 
 egotism for me to urritc word to you how 
 busy J am, vereor ne putidum sit scrib- 
 ere quam sira occupatus, Cic. Att. i, 14, 
 init. (pulidus may apply lo any conduct 
 offensive lo goixl taste) ; the 01 ator 
 should avoid e., *oratorem vitare oportet 
 putidam de se suisque factis praedicati- 
 onem : v. affected. 
 
 egoist, or egotist: I. One ab- 
 sorbed in self: sui amator; qui soli 
 sibi ipse consulit: v. selfish. ||. 
 One addicted to speaking of himself: 
 ♦qui putide (putidius) de se ipse prae- 
 dicat : v. prec<'d. art. : also, conceited, 
 CONCEIT (II.). 
 
 egotistical: putidus (offensive to 
 goM taste): v. egotism (fin.). 
 
 egotistically: putide, outidius; v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 egregious : '• ^- remarkable in bad 
 sense: 1, singularis, e (a neutral 
 word) : e. villany, s. nequitia, Cic. 
 2. insignis (conspicuous for good 
 or ill) : e. shamelessness, ins. impudintia, 
 Cic. Phr.: e. delusion! O delirati- 
 onem incredibilem ! Cic: what an e. 
 blunder! *0 erratum turpe, pudendum, 
 pe.ssimum: v. bad, shameful. (N.B. 
 Egregius only in good sense.) 
 
 egregiously : valde, vghementer : 
 
 v. GREATLY, EXCEEDINGLY. 
 
 egress : 1. exltus, ils : cut off 
 from e. and from foraging, ex. et pa- 
 bulatione interclusi, Caes. : seven wai/s 
 of e. (from a house), septem ex , Liv. 
 2. egressus, us : Tac. : Petr. 3. 
 expr. by verb: there was no possibility 
 of ingress or e., *neque ingrediendi 
 neque egrediendi (exeundi) tacultas 
 erat : to prevent e., ♦egredieiues pro- 
 hibere : v. TO GO OUT. 
 
 eider-down : pluma molliBslma : 
 V. DOWN (subs.). 
 
 eight : I. As adj. : octo ; distrib. 
 ocloni, ae, a, eight-a-piece, Caes. : Cic. : 
 e. times, octies, Cic: it is e. o'clock, 
 oct;iva bora est (v. o'clock) : a verse 
 of e. feet, octonarius versus. Quint. : e. 
 ounces, bes, bessis, m,., Varr.: Plin.: 
 harnessed e. together, octojiges (fig. 
 trihuni), Liv. ||, As subs. : the num- 
 ber eight: 1. numerus octonarius: 
 Varr. 2. octas, adis,/. : Mart. Cap. 
 
 eighteen: 1. duodeviginti(theduo 
 
 is sometimes declined) ; a moat e. feci 
 broad, fossa duodevlginti pedum. Caes. • 
 Cic. : in 1 118 years, annis mille centum 
 ei duobusdeviginti, Eutr 2. decern 
 et octo, Liv. (Less good, octodecim. 
 Front.) Distrib., e. a-piece, every e„ 
 duodeviceni, Liv. Phr.: e. times, 
 decies ociies (duodevicies appears to be 
 without good authority) : t. times larper 
 than, duodeviginti partibus major, Cic. 
 
 eighteenth : 1. decimus octavus- 
 Col. : Tac. 2. duodevicesimus: Varr. 
 Plin. 
 
 eight-fold : 1. octupius, Cic 
 Esp. in 7ieut. used absol. : to condemn a 
 person to pay e., damnare aliqu(-m octu- 
 pli, Cic. 2. octuplicatus : an e. as 
 sessment, oc. census, Liv. Phr.: to 
 yield e. (of land), cum octavo efticere 
 effirre, Cic. 
 
 eighth : I. As adj. : octavus . 
 Caes. J-'ur the e. time, octavum, Liv. : 
 the soldiers of the e. legion, octavani, 
 Plin. : Mel. ||, As subs. : an «. 
 
 2Xirt, ontava pars, I'ic. also octava, ab- 
 sol., Auct. B. Afr. : three-e.s, five e.s, 
 *octavae [partesj tres, quinque: 07te-e. 
 of tlie property, quadrans dimldius 
 (diniidiatus), Bau. (in Kr. ). 
 
 eightieth: ociogesimua: Cic. 
 
 eighthly : octavum: v. EIGHTH. 
 
 eighty: octoglnta, Cic. Distrib., e 
 eaJcti, octogeni, ae, a, Liv. : e. times, 
 octogies, Cic. : a father of e. years, pater 
 octogenarius (=octoginta annos natus) 
 Plin. 
 
 either (distrib. pron.) : 1. alter- 
 uter, tra, trum ; gen. alterutrius or 
 alteriusuirius, etc. (either the one or the 
 other of two) : if a man did not belong 
 to e. side, si quis non alterutrius partis 
 tuisset, Cic. : v. one (pron.). 2. 
 litervis and iiterlibet (which you please 
 of the two): I have less strength thane, 
 of you, minus liabeo virium quam ves- 
 trum utervis, Cic: e. ear, auris utravis, 
 PI. : clioose e., utrumlibet elige, Cic. : in 
 e. vay, utrolibet modo, Cels. Hence, 
 adverb., on e. side, utralibet, Plin. : in e. 
 direction, utrolibet. Quint. 3. uter- 
 cunque (^preced.: rare): e. way, utro- 
 cunquc modo. Quint. 4. uler, utra, 
 utrum (like alteruier, but less emphatic : 
 rare in this sense) : if e. party should de- 
 sire it, si uter volet (appy. a legal phr.), 
 Cic. Verr. j, 14, ;?: immediately after 
 he writes, utrique facit potestatera, in 
 explanation: v. both. 5. alter, era, 
 eruni (one of two : in negative sentences 
 it may be used for eithc}): not in favour 
 of e. party, nee in alterius favorem, 
 Liv. : v. ONE, OTHER. 6. expr. not 
 . . . either by neuter, tra, trum : not ta 
 sway to e. side, in n. partem moveri. 
 Cic: v. NEirHER. Phr.- on e. hand, 
 utrobique, Hor. ; alterutrimque, Plin. 
 
 either (conj.) : l. aut . . . awl 
 (either . . . or; where the alternatives 
 are mutually exclusive : L. G. 1^ 570) 
 e. true or false, aut verum aut falsuni, 
 Cic. : the first aut is not always ex- 
 pressed, unless emphatic. 2. vel (v<0 
 . . vel (where the alternatives are not 
 mutually exclusive: L. G. 1. c.) : an 
 order seemly e. for peace or war, ordn 
 vel paci vel bello decorus, Liv. : e. otu 
 (of the consuls) or both, alter ambove. 
 Cic. 3. sive (seu) .... sive : v. 
 
 WHETHER. 4. expr. net .... either 
 .... o), by neque (.nee) .... nfique: 
 death does not affect e. the living or the 
 dead, mors nee ad vivos pertinet nee 
 ad mortuos, Cic. : the negative is often 
 doubled : the rest I cannot e. mite or 
 think about, non possum reliqua nei 
 scribere nee cogitare. Cic. 
 
 ejaculate: emitto, ? (with \ocem^; 
 v. TO CTTEB. More precisely, •raptin 
 et quasi subito impetu vocem emitiere: 
 to keep e.ing criis, ideniidera (assiduo 
 questu) clamare, claniitare, cf. Phaedr. 
 
 1,9- 
 
 ejaculation : vlx subito emissa, 
 cliimor ■ V. CRV (subs.) : d. foil. art. 
 
 ejaculatory : chiefly eplth. of pray- 
 ers : 'preces subitae (R. and A.) ; *preces 
 subito vel repentino animi impetu mis- 
 sae. (Preces jaculatoriae is barbarous.)
 
 EJECT 
 
 E 1- D E R S 11 I r 
 
 ELECTION 
 
 eject : I. To throw out : ejicio, j : 
 V. TO CAST ODT. II, To difpossest : de- 
 jicio, pello, expello, j : v. to iiisi-osstas, 
 
 TITRN OLT. 
 
 ejection "l d.jeclio. Cic (or expr. 
 
 ejectment / i»y verb : v. to uis- 
 
 l-O-VsK-V-). 
 
 ejulation : ejulatio ; v. i^vMENTA- 
 
 TIOX. 
 
 eke (conj ) ; 1, gtiam : v. also. 
 
 2. iiiniio; sceL.G. ^619. 
 
 eke out (i'-) : parco. i (v. r<i Sl'ARK) : 
 jf. Cues. B. G. 7, ";! : frumentuiii se ex- 
 igiic trigiiita dierum hal)ere, sed paulo 
 etiam hmgius tokrare posse parixiido; 
 1. e. tliey miijltt manage to eke it out Jar 
 a liItU longer. I'lir. : / eke out my 
 scanty lamp-oil, candelae dispe^^o et 
 temptTu filum, .luv. j, 287 (see the 
 place) : to eke out a scanty sujiply of 
 wine, *iiauUiliim vinl parcciido dispcns- 
 are: to eke nut tlie time, tempus ducere, 
 
 Cic: V. TO LENGTH KN OUT. 
 
 elaborate («): 1. elaMro, i (J.o 
 work out fully : rare except in p. part.) : 
 V. TO woiiK OUT. 2. exp61io, 4 (to 
 finish hiijhty) : to e. an oration, oralio- 
 nem ex.,(jiiiiit. : v.TO roLfsii. Plir.: to 
 e. a poem by repeated comclions -to a 
 nicety, airmen perfectum decies casti- 
 gare ad unguem, Hor. A. P. 294 = car- 
 men itcnim atque iterum corrigere 
 donee perfectum reddaiur. 
 
 elaborate (a<0-)- 1. accuratus 
 
 {witii irhich all possible tare hat been 
 taken): an e. speech, nc. oratio, Cic: e. 
 and studied addresses, ac. et meditatae 
 orationes, Cic. Join also : accurata 
 et pollta oratio; accuratius et exqui- 
 sitius [dicendi genus], Cic. 2. eliil)- 
 oratus (iluiu: u-ith labour) : not to let an 
 (over) e. elegance appear, ne e. concin- 
 nltas appareat, Cic. Join: ornati et 
 elaboratl versus, Cic. I'lir. : e. elegance 
 of style, anxia orationis elegantin, (jell. : 
 an, e. uork (in good sense). *liber dili- 
 genter accurateque scriptus (II. and A.) : 
 a most e. and learned work. •lilxT vario 
 genere doclrinarum ac surama scribendi 
 diligentia insignis: he had an accom- 
 plished elegance of style without being 
 painfully e., loquendi (erat) accurata et 
 sine molestia diligens elegaiuiu, Cic. 
 Brut. j8, 14J. 
 
 elaborately ; accurate. curiOse : V. 
 CABEFULLV: «. wrought out, elaburalus, 
 Cic: V. preced. art. 
 
 elaborateness : 1. opgrositas 
 
 {excessive painstaking ; Trepiepyia) ; 
 yuint. 8, }, 5;. 2. diligentia nimium 
 solllcita (^preced.): yuint !, 11, 22. 
 
 3. (in praiseworthy sense) : accu- 
 rata diligentia, Cic. Alt. 7, j, init. 
 
 elaboration: 1. expr. by verbs 
 imder to elaborate : not to devote 
 enough pains to the e. of a speech, ♦pa- 
 rum opcrae atque laboris orationi per- 
 ticiendae atque expuliendae conlerre. 
 2. (melon.) lima (lit. the fie) : the 
 toil and time required for e., limae lalxjr 
 et mora, Hor. 3. diligentia, with 
 
 some adj., as nimia, nimis suUitita, etc.: 
 V. preced. art 
 
 elapse : •• e. to pass away in the 
 interval (lis time): 1. interccdo, ssi, 
 ssum, } : hardly a year had e.d from 
 the time of this conversati(m .... when, 
 vix annus intercesserat ab hoc sernione, 
 quum, etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 21 89 ; also used 
 absol., not a night e.d, nulla nox inler- 
 cessit, Cic. Cat. i, 2, init.: Liv. 2. 
 interjectus (in abl. absol. constr.) : after 
 a few days luui e.d, panels inlerjeclis 
 diebus, Liv.: Cic: v. interval. 3. 
 intersum, fui : betireen his frst ami 
 sixth consulate 46 years e.d, inter pri- 
 mum et sextum consulatum .XLVl. anni 
 interfuerunt, Cic. Sen. 17, 60 (but inter- 
 sum does not point to the lapse of time, 
 only to the exis:tence of an interval). 
 
 4. fi.beo, 4, irr. (to pass away and 
 be lo.':t; the ojntext denoting the ler- 
 minus ad quem): while you have been 
 waceritig thus, ten months have e.d, haec 
 dum dubitas, menses abierunt decern, 
 Ter Ad. 4, ;, 57: while tlie fares are 
 being collected . . . a whole hour e.s. dum 
 «es exlpitur . . . tuia abit hora. Hor. S. 
 
 I, 5, 14. 6. praetireo, 4, irr.: v. to 
 PASS AW AT. 6. (when the reference ' 
 is to something still continuing) sum, ' 
 fui; loll, by quum: many years have 
 e.d since he first . . . , multi anni sunt, 
 quum ille est, etc., Cic. Fam. i;, 14, j 
 init. : V. SINCE. (N.B. — Not elabor, 
 unless the sense is, to slip out of one's 
 Aami,'.-, as by indolence.) 
 
 elastic: \, Lit., having power to 
 recoil: *61astlcus, as scient. t. t (Kr. 
 and Ueorg.). To be e., resilire, rccellfre: 
 V. to RKiiouxD. II. Fig., of spirits, 
 temperament : mobilis, e (which oftener 
 occurs in bad sense: v. changeable): 
 of e. temperament, 'ingenio lacili atque 
 ad omnem auram spei mobilis, of. Liv. 
 29, ?, ad fn.; Vlrg. U. j, 165 : see also 
 
 CHEERFUL, URISK- 
 
 elasticity: I. Lit-; •elasticilas, 
 vis t'lasllai (only In .scient. lang.): v. 
 preced. art. To jmss'ss e., *resilire, ea 
 natura praeditum esse ut resiliat: v. to 
 REiioiNi). II. fig., of temperament : 
 *ingeninm facile, mobile ; quod facile se 
 ex moUstils erigat, recreei : v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 elate (part, adj.): more freq. 
 ELATED: 1, elatus: e.d and puffed 
 up by this, qnibus rebus e. atque in- 
 flat!, Cic But elatus also occurs as 
 adj. = elevated: q. v. 2. sublatus: 
 e.d by this battle, quo proelio sublati, 
 Caes. U. G. i, 15- e.d by prosjxrity, s. 
 rebus secundis, Virg. A. 10. 502. 3. 
 inflatus: v.supr. (1), and TO l-UFF DP. 
 See foil. art. 
 
 elate (^'O: 1. effero, extuli, ela- 
 tura, J (v. TO transport, bk trans- 
 ported): in this sense esp. with jiron. 
 lejt. or as pass. : such persons (the pros- 
 p:rous) are usiMlly e.d with arrogance 
 and insolence, efferuntur ill! fere fastiii'o 
 et contumacia, Cic. Am. 2>, 54 : e.d with 
 unbearable awlacity, guilt, and pride, 
 intiileranda audacia, scelere atque su- 
 perbia, sese efferens, Siill. J. 14. Very 
 often in p. part.: v. preced. art. 2. 
 inllo, I : V. to puff up, inflate. Pli r. : 
 to become e.d (irarmed) with trine, vino 
 inealescere, Liv.; by prosjierity, iiitfi- 
 mescere, Quint. ; insOlescere, Sail.: Tac. 
 
 elation ; animus elatus (atque in- 
 flatus) ; qui superbia sese effert : v. 
 preced. art. See also peide, arrogance. 
 (For elatio, v. elevation.) 
 
 elbow (subs.) : 1, cSibitus, or 
 ciibiium: to lean on one's e. at table, 
 cubito inniti, Virg. ; cubito remanere 
 presso, Hor. Od. i, 27, 8 : to do so again 
 (after rising), in cubitum se reponere, 
 Hor. Sat. 2, 4, jg. See also foil. art. 2. 
 umbo, onis, m. (the e. presented like a 
 shield): Mart.: v. toll. art. A cushion 
 for thee., ciibital, iilis, n., Hor. 
 
 elbow ('<'■)'■ expr. by cfibitus, umbo 
 (v. preced. art.), and various verbs : 
 cubitis depulsaie de via, PI. St. 2, 2, IJ ; 
 cubitis trudere hinc et inde [convivas]. 
 Mart. J, 82, 6: to e. one's ivay through a 
 cron-d, cuneos (I. e. hominum) umbone 
 repellere. Mart. 3. 46, ?. 
 
 elbow-room: spatium satis laxum : 
 of. Liv. 10, 5, med.: quo satis la.xo 
 spalio equis perndtti posset : (a place) 
 II here there is no e., locus anus, cl. Hor. 
 Kp. I, 5, 29. 
 
 eld, i- e. oUlen tim'- : piiscum temp- 
 us, Ov. : V. olden, antiqi:itv. 
 
 elder (culj-^: major natu (v. old). 
 The adj. is often used subs., as, / have 
 heard it said by my e.s, audivi ex ma- 
 Joribus natu, Cic. 
 
 elder (subs) : in the citurch, pres- 
 bjter, eri, I'ert. : Vulg. 
 
 elder (subs.), the Oe', sambucus, i, 
 f. I'Hil; also sambucea arbor. Plin. 
 An e.-berry, sambucuni, .Scrib.: e.-Jtouer 
 wine, *vinum sjimbuceum. 
 
 elderly : '' '' >■• ■ ""' quite an old 
 man, but e., non admoduin graiidls natu, 
 sed aetate provectus, Cic. .Sen. 4, 10. 
 (I'Toveciior = elileilii, occurs in late 
 writers, as Pall., Arnob.) 
 
 eldership: 1. presbyteratus, us, 
 Hier. 2. presbytiirium, Cypr. (Or 
 by circuinl., presbyieri munus v. dig- 
 nilas.) 
 
 eldorado: 'aorea ilia quam fabu 
 
 lantur reglo. 
 
 eldritch : nearest words perh., mi- 
 nis, inusitatus, horrendus: v. MABVtL- 
 Lous, frightkcl. 
 
 elecampane : inQla. Hor. : Plin 
 (inula h£l£nluin, Webster). 
 
 elect (''•): I. To select fur somt 
 office: 1. dcllgo, legf, lectum, j (ti 
 choose out of a number who might all U 
 thought suitable): Utis is Ih* j>r>nripU 
 on V hich the Human jxople «.« ^=» ii,ciket 
 choice of) its magistrates, sic P. 1{. 
 deligit magistratus, Cic. PI. 25, 62 : v. 
 TO CHOOSE. 2. creo, 1 (the proper 
 word to denote formal election) : 
 Caesar and Sermlius are e.'d consuU, 
 consules creantur Caesar et Servilius. 
 Caes.: at Carthage two kings were e.'d 
 annually, Carth.igine quotannis bun 
 reges creabantur, Nep. : Liv. Sunie- 
 limes, when precision is required, suf- 
 fragiis is added: quum stiff mgiit ires 
 ex tribus generlbus creaii sunt, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 51, 127. 3. (when stress is 
 laid upon the nioile of eli-ctioii, by vole) 
 expr. by suffragiis, or suffi-igio, with va- 
 ri<ius verbs, as creo (v. supr.), laclo, con- 
 sti tuo : to e. any one consul unanimously, 
 aliquem consulem cumtis suHragiis fa- 
 cere. Cic. Fam 15, 12 : he is unanimously 
 e.'d general, constituitur dux omnium 
 suffragio, Just, i, 10, fin. In similar 
 sense Livy has prae-'ogaliva: to be e.'d 
 general by the soldiers, praerogativa 
 miliiari In praetorium delerri, 21, }. 
 4, dcsigno, i (to nominate by rote ; 
 chiefly in p. part., v. foil, art.) : v. to 
 APiijixT (1., 3). 5. coopto, I (of 
 
 election by a body of mim themselves 
 holding the otiice): to e. anyone into the 
 college of augurs, aliquem in collegium 
 augtirura c, Cic. 6. sufficio, feci, 
 fectum, i (to e. into a place prematurely 
 iiacant) .- since that tinte a censor is 
 never e.'d to fill the place of one de- 
 ceased, nee deinde unqiiam in dvuioriui 
 locum censor .sufficitur, Liv. ;, ji. 
 The active appears rar. ly or never to 
 be used in this sense: sulTogo Is used 
 in corresponding sense ot the presiding 
 magistrate or magii,trales, cf. Cic Kep. 
 2, j6. (N.B. Kligo, which is to chouse 
 out of a promiscuous number, should 
 not be used o[ Jurmal election. It is 
 combined with creo. Suet. Vesp. 6 : con- 
 s.lium iuieruiit eligendi creamiique \m- 
 peratoris, where ellgo refers to the selec- 
 tion of a man, creo to his appointment.) 
 See also TO CHOOSE. ||. In Iheol. sense: 
 eligo, legi, lectum, j ; Vulg. Kph. i. 4 ; 
 Aug. 
 
 elect (po-rt.adj)_: |. Nominated 
 to an office designatus : cuncul e. con- 
 sul d., Cic : aedile e., aedllis d., Varr. 
 
 II, Jn theol. sense: eleclus : esp. in 
 pi.: the e., electi, Vulg. MaiU xxiv. 22 ; 
 Aug. 
 
 election : I. The act of choosing -. 
 eleciio: v. choice. ||, Esp. Uit aU 
 of choosing to fit an ollce : 1. expr. 
 by verb : as, immediately after their e. 
 they brought forirard a bill, 'siatim 
 creatl rogationem promulgaverunt : to 
 sectire one's e. by (profuse) bribery, 
 »per largitionem (consulem, etc.) fieri : 
 V. TO elect. 2. creaiio : old law in 
 ClB Leg. }, ?. 10. 3. suffragium, 
 sufTragIa (strictly, the vote or wits 
 given): to proceed to the e., Iiiire suf- 
 Inigium, Liv. 26, 18, ad fn.. to lie ap- 
 pointed by e. (opp. to by lot), suffragils 
 crearl, Cic. (v. to ei.i-ct, I. 3): 1/ the 
 piople had the right of free e.. libera sl 
 demur populo suffragia. Juv. 4. 
 
 praero.aativa (meton.; s riitly, JAe tribe 
 that ruled first): an e. on the part uf 
 the soldiery, pr. militarls. Liv. 21. {. 
 
 III. The eUvttun.< <i.< a transaction : 
 1. ' cOmitia, Onim (the nwling of 
 
 the people at whiih per.-.ons were elecleit) : 
 tu hold or preside at the ea, comilia 
 habere, Cic. AtL 4, 2, J . Liv. : you ti-ill 
 be in time for my brother Quinltts's e.s 
 (i. e. at u'Ai'cA he will be a candidate), 
 obierisQ. frairls conilila. Cic. Alt. 1,4, 
 I : so mea. lua, sua. comitia, Cic. : con- 
 sular e.s. e. ei^nsularia, Liv. : ej for tri- 
 241
 
 ELECTIONEERING 
 
 bunes, c. tribunlcia, Cic. 2, expr. by 
 ger. part. : to hold the e^ for consuls, *ad 
 consules creandos, subrogandos (the 
 latter in case of a premature vacancy) : 
 V. TO ELECT. IV. In theol. sense, 
 divine ekctUm: eleccio (aeterna), Hier. : 
 Calv. 
 electioneering : I. As subs., 
 
 caniassing, whtther for oneself or an- 
 otlier : 1. pgiitio, amWtio, prensatio 
 (all used with ret. to the candidate, the 
 last denoting bis preparatory attempts 
 to gain favour by peisunal address, Cic. 
 Att. I, I, init.): V. CANVAS.S (subs.). 
 
 2, expr. by verb : to be engaged in 
 (., *prensando, circueundo {visiting, of 
 the candidate or his friends) operara 
 dare, candidato adesse : v. to canvass. 
 
 II, As adj., proper to elections : can- 
 didiltorius (appertaining to a candi- 
 date) : in every hind of e. work, in orani 
 rauiiere candidaiorio fungendo, Cic. Alt. 
 I, I, 2. Phr. : e. tricks, *candidatorum 
 artes, fallaciae, fucus ; ambitus (v. ar- 
 tifice, bribery): by e. tricks, ambi- 
 tiose {as one who courts favour), of. Liv. 
 I, J5. od init. (amb. petere regnum). 
 
 elective : Phr.: an e. mmiarch, 
 *qui suflragiis (populi, etc.) rex creatur : 
 an e. monarchy, *tivitatis id genus in 
 quo suffragiis rex creatur, constiluitur : 
 
 V. TO ELECT. 
 
 elector: I. One who has the right 
 of voting : 1, suffragator, Cic. : v. 
 VOTER.' 2. cui suffragii lalio fst(opp. 
 to, qui sine suffragio habet civitateni), 
 Liv. J8, }6: to constitute them e.s, (iis) 
 suffragium impertirl, Liv. I.e. 3. *i!i'i 
 Jus suffragii habet (Ivr. : Geor.). ||. 
 Esp. as German title, one who has a 
 vote for the empire : *elector, M.L. 
 
 electoral : perh. suifragatorius, Q. 
 Cic. pet. cons. 1, med. 
 
 electric J *electricus, which, e.x- 
 
 electrical 5 cept in strictly scient. 
 lang., should be supplemented by quern 
 dicunt, qui dicitur, etc. : to be exposed to 
 an e. current, *electrico quem dicunt 
 afilatui subjici : by a kind of e. current, 
 *quasi electrico quodam qui dicitur af- 
 flatu. The e. eel, *torpedo, raia torpedo, 
 Gycl. 
 
 electricity : *vi9 electrica (quae 
 dicitur). 
 
 electrify; |. Lit.: *electrica vi 
 afficio, imbuo. ||. F 1 g., to produce 
 an excitement : 1. perh. percello, 
 cull, culsum, J : of. Flor. i, lo (tanta 
 admiratione perculit): v. to astound. 
 
 2, expr. by vibro, i (to thrill, 
 vibrate) : the eloquence {of Demosthenes) 
 
 would not so e. unless cujus non 
 
 tarn vibrarent fulmina ilia, nisi 
 
 Cic. Or. "JO, fin. : v. to thrill. 
 
 electuary : 1. electarium or elec- 
 tuarium, Coel. Aur. 2. ecligma, alls, 
 n., Plin. 
 
 eleemosynary: quod ad eieemo- 
 
 synas periinet: v. alms. 
 
 elegance: 1. eiegantia {fine 
 
 taste) : h onderfiil e. of style, mira ser- 
 raonis e.. Quint. lo. i, 114 (wliere he is 
 speaking of Caesar) : e. in the ai-range- 
 ment of hair, e. capilll, Plin. Join: 
 eiegantia et muiiditia (orationis), Cic. 
 Or. 2J, fin.: v. refinement, taste 
 (good). 2. rounditia, less freq. 
 
 mundities, el (strictly, neatness ; but 
 usu. implying some adornment ; often 
 pi., muiidiiiae, arum) : e. (of style) that 
 is 7wt Oicr-done or far-letched, m. non 
 odiosa neque exquisita niniis, Cic. Off. 
 I, j6, I JO (cl. S'ipr. 1): simple in thine 
 «., simplex munditiis, Hor. : the pi. is 
 also u>td conieniptuously, v. finery. 
 
 3, vgllUstaS : v. GRACE, BEAUTY. 
 
 4, urbanltas {the e. and refinement 
 of town-lije): v. refinement. 5. 
 concinnltas (prop, of that which is 
 marked by adjustment, fitness) : finished 
 e. of style, omata sententiaruni c, Cic. 
 Also used In Interior sense : see pretti- 
 NESs. 6. inioenltas {stricUy, delight- 
 fulness) I not unsuitable e.s (of digres- 
 sions), lion intempestivae a., Plin. Ep. 
 I, 2, 4 : e.s <;/" expression, amoenitates 
 verbonmi, Geil. 12, 1, Jin. 7. dficor 
 Oris : V. grace. 
 
 248 
 
 ELEPHANT 
 
 ELICIT 
 
 elegant : 1. eiegans, ntls (marked 
 by good taste : also used in bad sense, v. 
 fastidious) : on e. speaker, e. in di- 
 cendo, Cic. Br. 68, 2J9 a most e. poet, 
 poeta elegantissimus, Nep. Att. 12, 4: 
 v. refined. 2. mundus (strictly 
 
 neat : hence, elegantly dressed or tricked 
 nut ; also, by anal., of language) : dress 
 more e. than was proper (of a vestal), 
 mundiorjusto cultus, Liv. 8, 15: the e. 
 Menander, m. Menander, Prop. Join: 
 mundi, venusti, limati, of verses, Gell. 
 3, vgnustus: v. graceful, beau- 
 tiful. 4, urbanus: v. refined. 
 5. coucinnus (harmoniously ar- 
 ranged): e. and graceful language, sen- 
 tentiae c. et venustae, Cic. Br. 95, J25. 
 Join: concinnus et elegans, Cic. 6. 
 comptus (orig. of hair that has been 
 dressed : hence fig., of speech, etc.) : e. 
 and gentle eloquence, c. et mitis oratio, 
 Cic. Sen. 9, 28 : more e. language, comp- 
 tior oratio, Tac. Join: comptus et 
 nltidus (in dicendo). Quint. 7. riiti- 
 dus (spi-uce, neat, uell-conditioned) : e. 
 (fellows) with well-combed locks, pexo 
 capillo nitidi, Cic. (cf. supr. 6). 8. 
 lautus (usu. implying magnificence as 
 well as elegance) : v. sumptuous. 
 
 elegantly : 1. elgganter (with 
 good taste): Cic. 2. niunde (not in 
 Cic.) : Sen. 3. venuste, Cic. : v. 
 
 gracefully. 4. urbane : Cic. : v. 
 politely. 5. conclnne: PI. (For 
 syn. see adj.) 
 
 elegiac: elegiacus: an e. poem, e. 
 cannen, Uiom. : M. L. E. verse, elegi, 
 oriim, Hor. ; described by him as versus 
 inipariter juncti, A. P. 'ys. 
 
 elegy: 1. elggia, Ov.: Quint.: for 
 which, elgglon, Aus. Dimin., 616gidion, 
 a small or short e., Pers. ; elegidarion, 
 Petr. 2. elegi, orum, Hor. (v. preced. 
 art.). 
 
 element: I. ^ f-fst principle, 
 
 constituent jMrt : 1. elementum : 
 
 those are called first principles, and to 
 translate from the Greek e.s, ilia initia 
 (apxa-i), et ut e Graeco vertam ele- 
 menta, Cic. Acad. 1,7, 26: also used in 
 sing., Viin. 2. (only In pL) priiicipia 
 rerum, Cic. ; who adds, e quibus omnia 
 constant, Acad. 2, jb, Jin. 3. initia, 
 orum (also only pi.): v. supr. 1. 4. 
 primordia, orum (also only pi.): to 
 unite the e.s in jiairs, conduplicare pr. 
 rerum, Lucr. i, 71 j : it is the term most 
 freq. used by Lucr. of his elemental 
 atoms, I, 815, etc. Phr.: to be formed 
 out of four e.s, quatuor ex rebus crearl, 
 Lucr.: (T hales) affiiined water to be the 
 one pj-imary e., ex aqua dixit constare 
 omnia, Cic. Acad. 2, J7 : (the /Pythago- 
 reans) make numbers and mathematical 
 principles to be the pi-imary e.s, ex nu- 
 meris et mathematicorum initiis pro- 
 ficiscl volunt omnia, Cic. 1. c. ||, Of 
 a science or art: in pi. only: 1. prin- 
 cipia, orum (first principles), Cic. : v. 
 principles. 2. elBmenta, orum: the 
 e.s of speaking, e. loquendi, Cic. Acad. 2, 
 28, _;i»i. : Quint. 3. pilmordia, orum: 
 the e.s of spealcing, pr. dicendi. Quint. 
 
 4, ridiraenta, orum : v. rudiments. 
 
 III. fruper region or Jield: Phr.: 
 to be out of one's e. in anything, pere- 
 grinum atque hospitem in aliqua re esse, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 50, fin.: to move freely, 
 and as if in its own element, lll)ere ac 
 solute [quasi In proprio suo campo] 
 moveri, cf. Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100. 
 elementary: I. constituent: l. 
 
 primus: e. bodies, pr. corpora, Lucr. i, 
 62. (But In this sense the word is usu. 
 joined with bodies = primordia, prin- 
 cipia: v. element, 1.). 2. simplex, 
 icis (not composite) : v. simple. ||, 
 Primary, of lessons : Phr.: e. instruc- 
 tion, elementa pueroruin. Quint, (v. 
 ELEMENT, 11.): an 6. vork, *libt. de 
 primis alicujus rei elementis scriptus : 
 an e. school, ludus literarius. Quint. 
 (Elementarius senex. Sen. Kp. j6, 4, Is 
 an old man who is still learning his 
 letters.) See also childish. 
 
 elephant: 1. siephantus, 1, c. 
 
 (the ordinary word): e.s are furnished 
 with a hand (or trunk), manus etiam 
 
 data elephantis, Cic. N. D. 2, 4'7,/n.r 
 Liv. 2. filfipbas, ntls, m. (not in Cic., 
 and rarely in any case except the nom.) : 
 Sen. : Mart. 3. barrus, i, m. (from its 
 cry): Hor.: Isid. 4, (when the 
 proper name has been before used) be- 
 lua, Flor. i, 18: Curt. Phr.: e.-paper, 
 *charta amplissimae formae. 
 
 elephantiasis : elephantiasis, is, /., 
 
 Plin. ; ei^phantiosis, Veg. ; eifiphaniia, 
 Scrib. ; eigpbanticus morbus, Isid. ; 
 elephas morbus, Lucr. Afflicted with e., 
 elephantiacus and -icus, Firm. Math. 
 
 elephantine : barrlnus : ears of e. 
 size, aures immanitaie barrinae, Sidon. 
 (Or expr. by gen. of elephantus, cf. PI. 
 Mil. 2, 2, 82.) in fig. sense, as e. sport, 
 raillery, *ludus (jotus) vastus ac parum 
 venustus, v. awkward. (Elgphantinus 
 is made of ivory.) 
 
 elevate: I. To lift up (in lit. 
 
 sense) : toUo, attoUo, 16vo : v. to raise, 
 LIFT UP. Phr.: to e. the host, clevaro 
 hostiam salutarem. Honor. Ep. in Hook's 
 Ch. Diet. II, In fig. sense, to exalt, 
 raise to a higher pitch : 1, tollo, sus- 
 tuli, sublatum, j: to e. to threefold ho- 
 nours, tergeniinis t. honoribus, Hor. : 
 Liv.: V. to RAISE. 2. evfiho, xi, 
 
 ctum, }: to e. to the gods, e. ad Deos, 
 Hor.: v. to exalt. Phr.: to e. the 
 voice, vocem attollere. Quint. |||, 
 Only in pass., to be elevated, as by good 
 fortune or wine : v. elated. 
 
 elevated (part, adj.): I. Lit., 
 rising to a height: 1, editus: Join: 
 (locus) praecelsus atque editus, Cic. : 
 Tac. (who has edita in altum. Hist. }, 
 71) : compar. editior, Caes. B. C. i, •;. 
 
 2. celsus, excelsus, praecelsus : v. 
 LOPTY. 3. altus, praealtus: v. high. 
 
 4. (of the voice) acQtus: a very e. 
 pitch, acutissinius sonus, Quint. Phr. : 
 (it becomes plain) how e. the summits are, 
 quam in ardua sumnia sint. Sen. Ep. 
 Ill, 2. II, Fig., having an exalted 
 nature : 1. elalus (as epith. of ani- 
 mus) : what has been done in a great and 
 e. spirit, quod animo magno et e. factum 
 sit, Cic. Off. I, 18, 61 : how e. a spirit he 
 disjjiays, quam elato est animo ! Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 40, 96 (see also elated). 2. 
 celsus, excelsus : v. lofty. 
 
 elevation : I. 'fii^ o^t of uplift- 
 ing : 1. elatio (more freq. in fig. 
 sense) : Vitr. 2. alievatio (not In 
 this sense in Cic.) : e. and shrugging of 
 the shoulders, humerorum al. atque con- 
 tractio. Quint. 11, }, 8 J. 3, oftener 
 expr. by verb: v. to elevate. (N.B. 
 Not elevatio, which is disparagement : 
 unless in tech. sense, elevatio hostiae 
 Hook's Ch. Diet.) ||, Fig.: in va- 
 
 rious applications: 1, elaiio: e. of 
 style, e. [atque altltudo] oratiunis, Cic. : 
 e. and greatness of mind, e. atque mag- 
 nitude animi, Cic. 2. aliitudo: v. 
 LOFTINESS. 3. conteutio (the act of 
 straining; esp. of the i>oic«) ; cf. Cic. 
 Brut. 65, 2ii : " animi magna, vocis 
 parva contentio." Phr.: e. of voice, 
 vocls elati modi (opp. inferiores). Quint. 
 II, J, 17 : very great e. of pitch, sonus 
 acutissimus, ib. 41. |||. A rising 
 
 ground: tiimulus, sfipgrior locus: v. 
 
 HEIGHT. 
 
 eleven : und6cim ; distrib. undeni, 
 ae, a: e. times, und6cies, Cic: the num- 
 ber e., numerus uiidenarius, Aug. 
 
 eleventh : undgcimus, Virg. : a sol- 
 dier of the e. legion, undecimanus miles, 
 Plin. 
 
 elf (no exact word) : *numen quod- 
 dam phautasticum : v. fairy. 
 
 elfin, elf-like (no exact word) : 
 perh. phantasticus, vix humanus, 
 mirus. 
 
 elf-locks : perh. uitorti capilli, cf. 
 Hor. Od. J, ij, jj. 
 
 elicit: 1. elicio, ui, itum, 3 (to 
 tempt forth, induce to appear) : to e. 
 secrets, arcana e., Liv. : to e. the ti'uth. 
 veritatem e., Tac. (comp. Quint. 5, 7, 
 20) : to e.fire by strilciny stones together, 
 igiiem lapldum conflictu e., Cic. 2. 
 exprimo, pressi, ssum, ; {by pressure; 
 to extort) : to e. a confession by torture, 
 confessionem cruciatu ex., Suet. : v. TO
 
 ELIDE 
 
 ELSE 
 
 EMANATE 
 
 EXTORT, WRING FROM. P h r. : tO B. a 
 
 laugh jrom mourners, risum lugentlbus 
 evocare, Suet, (but risum niovere is 
 more freq.: v. laugh^ : to e. ani/thinij 
 from any one by wheedling, coax in ij, 
 aliquid eblandiri, Cic : Liv. : to e. the 
 truth (from a man) against his iinll, 
 extorquerc quum is iioluerit. Quint. 
 
 elide : elldo, si, sum, j: to e. letters, 
 litteras e., GelL 
 
 eligibility : 1. opportunitas (of 
 
 time, place, etc.): Caes. : v. iit.nk.ss. 
 2, of persons, with ref. to an ofiice, 
 expr. I)y circuml. : a law declaring the 
 e. of plebeians for the consular office, 
 *le.\ qua plebeius consul fieri poterat ; 
 qua plebeio fieri consuli licebat : there 
 is no doubt of his e. firr the office, *non 
 dubium o.st quin per leges ad id munus 
 deligi pussit : they fixed a later age for 
 e. to the consulate, prandiorem aetaiem 
 ad consulaium constltuebant, Cic. I'liil. 
 5, 1 7, 47: simly, atie of e. for the con- 
 sulate, aetas consularis, ib. A 48 : see also 
 foil. art. 
 eligible : 1. opportunus (of time, 
 
 place, etc.).- V. FIT, sniTABLE. 2. of 
 
 persons, with ref. to an office : *qui per 
 leges (jure) deligi possit : such persons 
 are e. as guardians, hos tutores [per 
 leges] instituere possumus, cf. (iai. i, 
 I4'7 : he was not e. fn- the office on ac- 
 count of youth, noiiilum ad petenduni 
 fconsulutum] legitima aet;is [erat illij, 
 Liv. 2!, 2: a bill uas bnmyht forward 
 concerning the age at which persons 
 should be e.for an office, rogalio lata est, 
 quot annos natl quemqiie magistratum 
 peterent capereiitque, Liv. 40, 44, init. 
 See also qcalifiio). 
 eliminate : amoveo, amoiior .• v. to 
 
 RKMOVE, GET RID OF. 
 
 elision : *eiisio, M.L. 
 
 elite : flos, rObur (of troops) : v. 
 
 FLOWER. 
 
 elixir: *elixir, ellxirinm, Med. L. : 
 usu. better iniro<luced by quod dicuiit, 
 quod volunt alchemistac. Pure l.,at. 
 potio (ilia) vitalis (?). 
 
 elk: alces, is,/. : Cae.s. : Plln. 
 
 ell ; ulna : Virg. : Hor. (also = the 
 double arms, Plin. 16, 40, 76, ^ 202J. 
 
 ellipse, ellipsis: 1. ellipsis, is, 
 
 f.: Quint, (who however writes the 
 word with Uk. letters, and uses it in 
 somewhat diff. sense from the Eng.) : 
 Herm. (" de ellipsi et pleotmsmo ") : 
 Bos. Also used in math, sense. Cartes. 
 
 2. deiraciio (rhetor.), given by 
 Quint, as pure Lat. for pieced., i, 5, 40. 
 
 3. delectio : Macr. ; v. foil. art. 
 elliptical: I. Rhetor.: praecisus 
 
 (of language in any way curt, abrupt, 
 q. V.) : Quint. 10, 2, 17. Phr. : Servius 
 replied that the expression is e., re- 
 spondit Servius, sic hoc dictum esse ut 
 pleraque per defectionem dici solent, 
 Macr. S. 6, 8, init. ||, Mathemat. : 
 *ellipHcus, Cartes. 
 
 elliptically ; per defectionem, v. 
 preced. art. ; praecise : v. ABRUfTLV. 
 
 elm : ulmus, i, /. : Virg. : Hor. : 
 Plin. Of elm, ulmeiis: e. tu-igs, u. vir- 
 gae, PI.: Col.: a plantalion or grove of 
 e. trees, ulniariuin, Plin. (Ulmetutn 
 was also u.sed ; Fore. s. v ) 
 
 elocution : pronuntlatio : v. deli- 
 very. (lOlocutio and locutio refer to 
 the Innguage raiber than ihe manner of 
 speaking: cl. Cic. Inv. i, 7, 9 : "elo- 
 cutio est idoneoruni verborum et sen- 
 tentianini ad inventlonein accoinmo- 
 datio ;" and Brut. 74, init.). P h r. : a?i 
 e.-master, rhetor, dctlainandi magister, 
 
 Cic. : v. DECLAMATION. 
 
 ejlongate : produco, } -. v. to 
 
 iENiiTHEN. 
 
 elongated (ixirt. adj.) praelongus, 
 jjucr. ; Plin. : v. ujng. 
 
 elongation : expr. by praelongus, 
 *tc. : remarkable for the e. of its horns, 
 •praehmgis comibus insignis • the con- 
 sequence is an e. of the tail, *hac re lon- 
 glor fit Cauda. 
 
 elope : (domo) fuglo, aufugto : v. to 
 BUN AWAY. Pnr. : she e.d with her 
 brer, *insciii atque Invito patre [tutore, 
 etc.] una cum amatore dumo profugit. 
 
 elopement : (?) fiign : v. flight. 
 
 (Or e.xpr. by verb ■ v. preced. art.) 
 
 eloquence: 1, el6quentia (the 
 
 art of accomplished sjttaking, boied 
 upon Uuory and dewlojieil by practice) : 
 e. is nothing dse than uisdom speaking 
 in an accomplished way, nihil est aliud 
 e. nisi copiose loqacns sapientia, Cic. 
 Part. 2}, 79: e. made for thejoi-um, foro 
 nata e., Cic. : the result of e. is the as- 
 sent of your audience, effectus eloquen- 
 tiae est audieniium approbatto, Cic. : 
 fini.'ilicd e., perfecta e., Cic. (N.B. Not 
 "loquentiu: cf. Plin. Kp. 5, 20, 5.) 2. 
 tacundia (t)ie natural gift : not used in 
 Cic): Cicero the father of (Roman) 
 e., facundlae parens Cicero, Plin. : neither 
 e. nor piety (shall prevail upon the 
 grave), non f., non pietas, Hor. : the 
 brilliant and powerful «. of Memmius, 
 Memmil f. clara pollensque. Sail. 3. 
 dicendi vis, facultas, etc. : to possess 
 very great «., summam vim dicendi ha- 
 bere, Cic. : Athens stood in awe of the e. 
 and terrrrrs of Fericles, Athenae (Pe- 
 riclls) vim dicendi terroremque timu- 
 erunt, Cic. Br. 11, 44: e. was first de- 
 veloped and perfected at Athens, (Athe- 
 nis) dicendi vis et inventa et perfecta, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 4, i ? : yature endowed him 
 (Hortensius) with the highest degree of 
 e., cui summam [copiam] facultatemque 
 dicendi natura largita est, Cic. : to im- 
 part the principles of e., praecepta di- 
 cendi tradere, Cic. : a kind of e. adapted 
 for the bar, genus dicendi judlciis ap- 
 tum, Cic. : the principles if e. (collect- 
 ively), (iisciplina dicendi, Cic. (^Klo- 
 queiidi vis is utterance : cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 
 59, 148; Or. 19, 6l.) Phr.: to speak 
 with e., copiose dicere, Cic. : e. and 
 grace bedeck the moneyed man, bene 
 miiumatum decorat Suadela V'enusque, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 6, J8; v. persua.sion. 
 
 eloquent : 1. eloquens, ntis (for 
 syn. V. ei.o<juence) : / have known some 
 clever speakers, but as yet not one e. 
 man, disertos cognovi nonnullos, e. ad- 
 huc neminein, CIl. Or. 1,21,94: where 
 the eloquens is lurther defined, " elo- 
 (juentem vero, qui mirabilius et magni- 
 ficentius augere posset atque omare 
 quae vellet." Join: eloquens et in 
 dicendo suavis et ornatus, Cic. 2. 
 
 facundus (for syn. v. eloquence); tlie 
 e. Clysses, f. Ulj'sses, Ov. : (Mercury) e. 
 grandson of Atlas, f. nepos Atlatitis, 
 Hor. . Sail. : Tac. 3. disertus (able loex- 
 jrress oneself freely aiul grammatically : 
 V. siipr. I) : Join: copiosus et disertus, 
 Cic. ; di.sertus et ornate dicens, Cic. 
 Quint, has disertus of the truly eloquent 
 man : it is the heart and the energy of 
 soul that makes men e., pectus est quod 
 disertos facit, et vis mentis, 10, 7, 15. 
 Phr. : to be very e., imprimis in dicendo 
 fioreie, Nep. ; dicendi lacultate florere, 
 Cic. ; *plurimum in dicendo valere, pol- 
 lere : to be the most e. of all, eloquenlia 
 omnes praestare, Nep. 
 
 eloquently; 1, copiose (of one 
 
 who speaks with all the resources of 
 eloquence") : .loin: composite, ornate, 
 copiose liiqui; copiosissime et gravis- 
 slme dicere, Cic. (But for this sense it 
 must be joined to a verb of speaking.) 
 2. tacunde ^not in Cic): Liv.: 
 Tac. 3. diserte (v. eloquent, ;<): 
 Join: diserte copioscque dicere. Cic. 
 (Diserte alone has also the meaning 
 expressly, Liv. 21, 19.) 4. elOquenter, 
 Plin. Kp. 
 
 else (cdj) : only found in connexion 
 with certiiin other words : some one, 
 something else: 1. &lius, a, ud (v. 
 another, other): no one «., nemo 
 alius, Cic: nor is phiUisophy anytltivg 
 e. than the pursuit of wisdt/m. nee quic- 
 quam aliuii est philosophia praeter siu- 
 diuni sapieiitlae, Cic. (tor the sequence 
 of alius V. L. G. ^ 6jo). 2. alter, 
 
 era, fnim (with ref. only to a second 
 person or thing) : no one e. (1. e. no 
 second person), nemo alter, Plin. 
 
 else (adv.) : I. Besides : praetgrea : 
 a voice and nothing e., *vox et praelerea 
 nihil : v. besidk. Somewliere e., alibi 
 (v. el«ewhi:be) : from samewhere e., 
 
 alionde, Cic. : from nowhere e., •nullo 
 alio loco (but often expr. by nee aliunde, 
 Cic. Lig. I, I). II. otherwise: ill- 
 
 oquin, UiOqul ; aliter : / believe there 
 was very little desire of thcU in former 
 times, or e. many instances uxndd be 
 extant, credo minimani olim istius rei 
 fuisse cupiditatem ; alioquin nmlta ex> 
 starent exeuipla, Cic. Leg. 2, 25,62: v. 
 otherwise. 
 
 elsewhere : 1. airbi : e. than at 
 Home, a. qu.ini R<jmae, lac: Cic. Liv. 
 2. ;ilio l6co; V. another. 3. 
 
 Slias (rare in this scn.se) : Plin. 
 
 elucidate: 1. iiiustro, i: Joins 
 patefacere atque illustrare [Jus obscunim 
 et ignotumj, Cic. 2. explico, 1 : v. 
 
 TO explain. (l)ilucWo occurs In Auct. 
 Her. }, 4, 8, but In somewhat diff. 
 5en<«>.) 
 
 elucidation: expiicatio: v. expla- 
 N.\Tic.N. ^0r e.xpr. by verb: v. to tus- 
 
 CIIIATK.) 
 
 elucidatory: qnod ad -'m illus- 
 trandaiii, patefaciendaiii, cic, p«rimet: 
 V. to elucidate. 
 
 elucidator : interpres : v. nrrEo- 
 
 PP.l.TI.li. 
 
 elude : 1. eludo, si, sum, i (prop. 
 to avoid a blow, in fencing) : to e. 
 the spear when discharged, einissam e. 
 hastam. Mart. Also fig., to e. (baulk) a, 
 person, and in every way baffle him, 
 aliquem e. atque omni ratlone Jactare, 
 Cic. Div. Verr. 14, 4; : toe. the force of a 
 law, vim legls e., Suet Aug. 34. 2. 
 
 fiustror, I (to disappoint, bauik) : Cloe- 
 lia e.d her keepers, Cloelia cu8tode» 
 Irustrata est, Liv. 3. elabor, psus. 
 
 i (to steal out from : with prep.) : 
 having e.d so many and so weighty 
 charges, ex tot tantisque crimiiiibus 
 elapsus, Cic. : also with abl. only, Virg. 
 4. vlto, evito, dCclino, i : v. to 
 avoid. Phr.: to try to e. the point 
 (as a witness reluctant to give evi- 
 dence), tergiversari, Cic. (v. to shuffle. 
 guiBBLE) : to e. a law, legi fraudem 
 facere, Cic. 
 
 Elysian : Elysius, Virg. 
 -Elysium: 1. Elysium, Virg. 2. 
 Elysii caiiipi, Virg. : Tib. See also 
 
 PARADISE. HEAVI-N. 
 
 emaciate : 1. emacio, i (to render 
 thin, cause the loss ofJUsli) : to e. cattle 
 (as green _/ooci does), peciis e., Col. (But 
 the word appears not to be found with 
 ref. to human beings.) 2. macero. i 
 (rare in this sense; v. to wear out): 
 PI. Cap. J. 4, 22. 3. attenuo, i : 
 
 nights spent i»i wakefulness e. the bodies 
 of youth, at. juvenum vigilatae corpora 
 noctes, Ov. : v. to waste awav. (But 
 the word is chiefly used in p. part., as 
 part. adj. : v. foil, art.) 
 
 emaciated (part, ai^j.): 1. expr. 
 
 by macies, ei ; how infinn, how e., qua 
 inibecillitale, qua macie, Cic. Phil. 7. 4, 
 12: a man shrii-elled up and e., homo 
 [vegrandij niacie torridus, Cic Rull. 2, 
 J4, 9J (the vegrandi is somewhat doubt- 
 ful) : the e. foim of the man, confecta 
 macie forma virl, Virg. : e. horses, ror- 
 rupti macie cqui. Cues. 2. macer, 
 era, crum (applied to aninutls, parts nj 
 the human botly, soils): v. lean, this 
 3. macllenlus (rare) : I'l. Phr: 
 to become e., eniacrescere or eniacescere 
 Gels. ; macrescere, Hor. ; macesccre^ 
 Varr. : v. to waste away. 
 emaciation : 1. nmcies, 6I : Cic 
 
 Virg.: V. preced. art. (I). 2. tabes, 
 is,/, (of some icasling disease) : Plin. 
 
 emanate: I. To l>e giren off from 
 something : 1. fluo. xi, xum, i : 
 
 images are perpetually e.ing from all 
 tnHlies, perpeluo fluunt ab rebus (simu- 
 lacra), l.ucr. 4, 14;, sqq. : in same seo-se 
 (of the Epicurean simulacra) Quuiu has 
 effluere, 10, 2, i? : many influences Jlow 
 and e. from the moan, multa ab luna fi. 
 et manant. Cic 2. expr. by pats, of 
 mitto (6mitto), mLsi, missum, } : thai 
 thin films e. from bodies, tenues figuras 
 mlttier (mitti) ab rebus, l.ucr. 4. 46: 
 cf. vv. 52, 85. 3. simly, fundor, fusus, 
 } (cffundor, diffundor) : cf. Lucr. 4, 50 
 249-
 
 EMANATION 
 
 EMBASSY 
 
 EMBLEM 
 
 II, To originate with : 1. eraano, 
 1 : from tluit source eitils have e.d, istinc 
 mala emanaverunt, Cic. : simly, mano, 
 Cic. : V. TO FLOW FROM. ■ 2. orior, 
 
 OrtUS, 4 : V. TO ARISE, ORIGIKATK. 
 
 emanation : '• e. that which is given 
 off from : 1. simulacrum : tlie term 
 applied by Lucr. to the e.s of Epicurus, 
 4, J4- 2. expr. by verb : these filmy 
 figures are e.s from bodies, *effluuiit hae 
 tenues tigurae a summis corporibus : cf. 
 TO EMANATE. P h r. : an e from the 
 divine spirit, divinae particula aurae, 
 Hor. : the human race is an e. from 
 thence (tbe universal mind), inde honii- 
 num genus [sumptum, decerptum], Virg. 
 6, •727. 
 
 emancipate : 1. manunntto, 
 
 misi, mis.-um. s ■ also as two words, 
 mami mitto, eniitto : v. to jiakumit. 
 
 2. eniancipo, i (to release a smi 
 from the patria potestas by foitnal 
 sah) : Liv. : Gai. 3. libgro, i (in 
 widest sense : with or without servi- 
 tute) : Uritain e.d her slaves, and paid 
 a compensation to their oiiners, 'Bri- 
 tannia servos siios servitute liberavit, 
 pretio eorum dominis compensato : v. 
 
 TO LIBERATE, RKLEASE. 
 
 emancipation: 1. manumissio 
 
 (of a slave by his master) : Cic. 2. 
 enjancipatio (of a son) .- Gai. : Ulp. 
 
 3. liberatio (in gen. sense): Cic. 
 V. LIBERATION. (Or expr. by verb: v 
 
 TO EMANCIPATE.) 
 
 emancipator : 1. manumissor 
 (for syn. see verb), Marcell. Dig. 2. 
 emancipator ; Prud. 3. liberator : v. 
 
 LIBERATOR. 
 
 emasculate: I. Physically: cas- 
 tro, emasculo, i : v. to castrate. ||. 
 Fig.: to render in any ivay weak: 
 moUio : enervo • v. to enervate. 
 
 emasculated (part, adj.) .- 1. 
 
 effeminatus (both lit. and fig.) : a voice 
 e. by debaucheries, vox stupris eff., Cic. : 
 «. and feeble composition, compositio 
 eff. et enervata, Quint. 2. mollis, e : 
 e. delivery (of a speaker), m. actio. 
 Quint. In most offensive sense, Phaedr. : 
 Mart, (mollis vir = catamitus, cf. Mart. 
 J. IJ) •■ V. effeminate. 3. turpis, e : 
 cf. Hor. Od. I, ii, lo. See also ener- 
 vated. 
 
 embalm ; condio, 4 : to e. the dead 
 (as the Egyptians), mortuos c, Cic. 
 Tac. has the fuller expr., corpus dif- 
 fertum odoribus condire, Ann. 16, 6. 
 (PoUingo is to lay out and cleanse a 
 bodv for the funeral pile.) 
 
 embalmment : expr. by verb : the 
 different modes of e., *corporum condi- 
 endorum modi diversi : v. preced. art. 
 
 embank: 1. expr. by moles, 
 
 agger (ihe former, esp. of embanking by 
 luasses of stone or earth let don-n into 
 the water), with a verb: to e. the sea, 
 moles mari injicere. Veil. 2, j;, fin. (cf. 
 Hor. Od. J, 1, H, "Jactis in altum moli- 
 bus"); moles fluctibus opponere, Cic. 
 Off. 2, 4, 14 : when the embankment 
 rises in the form of a mound it is an 
 agger, cf. Virg. A. 2, 496. See also to 
 dam, and comp. foil. art. 2. aggfiro, 
 I : esp. of banking up trees. Col. 
 
 embankment : 1. moles, is, /. .- 
 
 (a place) protected by wonderful e.s, 
 mirificis m. munitus, Cic. Att 4, 16, 7: 
 more fully, moles aquae fluclibus oppo- 
 sita: V. preced. art. 2. agger, firis, 
 
 TO.: V. MOUND, BANK. 3. (?) P0"8, 
 
 ntis, TO. ; the term pontes was applied 
 to long e.s across marshes, cf. Tac. A. I, 
 6;, where he describes the e. in ques- 
 tion as " trames vastas intt'r piludes 
 
 aggeratus." 4. agggratio: 
 
 cf. Just. 2, i,/«.(al. exaggeration! bus). 
 
 embargo : P h r. : to loy an e. upon 
 a vessel, * naves ab exiiu prohibere 
 (Quich.) ; naves retinere, Liv. (in Kr.) : 
 to remove the e., *iiaves dimittere, missas 
 facere (Kr.). 
 
 embark : A. T r a n s. : To put 
 
 on board : impono, pSsui, itum, } (both 
 with in navem or naves, and absol.) .- 
 the legiont and cavalry were e.'d at 
 Brunditium, legiones equitesque Brun- 
 oifiil in naves impositi, Caes. : the aM. 
 
 2SO 
 
 is also found after impono, without 
 prep. : " vetustissima nave impositos," 
 Suet. Caes. 66; also dat. navi (poet.): 
 to e. statues, signa imp., Cic. Fig.: to 
 e. any one in an undertaking, *aliquem 
 implicare, adsciscere (ad aliquam rem): 
 
 v. to INVOLVE, ENTANGLE. B. 1 "' 
 
 trans.: |. Lit. : to go on board ship: 
 1. conscendo, di,sum. ? (with navem, 
 in navem or absol.) : he e.'d im a transport 
 ship, navem fruinentariam coiiscendit, 
 Caes.: as he was in the act of e.ing, 
 conscendens jam navem, Cic. : / im-ite 
 this letter immediately after e.ing, in 
 (navem) simul atque consceiidi, haec 
 scripsi, Cic. (the prep, before navem 
 renders the phra,-ie more precisely de- 
 scriptive) : / should like you to e. with 
 all speed, and crnne to me, velim quam 
 primum conscendas adque me venias, 
 Cic. 2. asceiido, di, sura, j (usu. 
 
 with in navem ; also sometimes w ith 
 ace. alone ; cf. Nep. Epain. 4, 5 ; I'hem. 
 8, 6, where escend- is a v. I.) : he e.'d 
 with the ashes of Germanicus, ascendit 
 classem cum cinerihus Germanici, i'ac. 
 A. 2, 7;: Ter. 3. escendo, di. sum, 
 
 J (to go up on board : same constr. as 
 preced.) : he e.'d as a stranger to all the 
 crew, in navem omnibus ignotus navi- 
 bus escendit (al. ascendit), Nep. Them. 
 8, 6. (Scandere navem is poet. : Prop.) 
 II. Fig.: to eiiter upon : P h r. ; 
 lo e. in a cause, descendere in causaiii 
 I (where the figure is borrowed from the 
 arena), Cic: to e. upon a (particular) 
 course, rationem inire, Cic. : v. to entkr 
 
 UPON. 
 
 embarkation : conscensio (rare) : 
 Cic. Div. I, j2, 68. (Usu. better expr. 
 by verb, after the e. of his army, exer- 
 citu (in naves) imposito, etc. : v. to 
 
 EMBARK.) 
 
 embarrass : I. ^^ hinder, ham- 
 
 per : 1. impSdio, 4 : e.'d by domestic 
 misfortune, mails domesticis inipeditus, 
 Cic : Ter. : v. to hinder, hamper. 2, 
 impllco, avi and ui, atum and itum, 1 : 
 V. to entangle. Ph r. : lo e. a person, 
 moram et impedimentum alicui inferre, 
 Cic. : to be e.'d by so many concerns, tot 
 negotiis distineri, Cic. (v. ro distract); 
 / have e.'d the fellow, injeci scrupuluni 
 homini, Ter. Ad. 2. 2. 19. ||. To con- 
 fuse; chiefly in pass., to be e.'d or at a 
 loss : 1. haereo, si, sum, Z: to be e.'d 
 with the multitiule of nanus, in multis 
 nominibus h., Cic. : the rogue ivas e.'d, 
 ue knew not where to turn, haerebat 
 nebulo, quo se verteret non habebat, 
 Cic. 2. perturbo, turbo, i (in pass., 
 
 or with pron. refl.) : v. to disconcert, 
 
 CONFUSE. 
 
 embarrassed (part, adj.): 1. 
 
 imp^ilitus ; an e. mind (i. e. ukich is 
 engrossed by other affairs than those 
 requiring attention), im. animus, Cic. 
 Leg. I, J, 8. 2, dtLbius: v. doubtful, 
 
 PEUHLEXrSG. 
 
 embarrassing (adj) •• 1. i"i- 
 
 pgditiis : cf tic. Mil. 20, 54. "quid 
 horum non impeditissimum ? " of Milo's 
 inconvenient equipage. 2. scrupu- 
 losus (presenting many difficulties : 
 " scrupulosam rem dicimus, quae aliquid 
 habet in se asperi," Festus in Fore.) : 
 an e. discussion, s. disputatio, Quint. 9, 
 1, 7 . an e. part of a subject, s. locus, 
 Aus. 3. dfibius : V. doubtkui.. 
 
 embarrassment: 1. impiicatio 
 
 (entanglement) : on account of pecu- 
 niary e.., propler imp. rei familiaris, Cic. 
 2, angustiae, arum (straits) : incre- 
 dible financial e. (of the state), incredi- 
 biles a. pecuniae publicae, Cic. Fam. 12, 
 JO. med. ; ang. aerarii, Cic. 3. diffi- 
 cullas ■ V. DIFFICULTY. 4. scrupiilus 
 (anything productive of hesitation, un- 
 easiness) : hereupon some e. n as caused 
 on the part of the men, hie tum injeclus 
 est hominibus s., Cic. CI. 28, 76: to 
 remove e., s. alicui cximere, Pliu. jun. : 
 V. difficulty (1L, 5). .See also hesi- 
 tation. HINDRANCE, CONFUSION. 
 
 embassy: 1- legatio (in both 
 abstr. and concr. sense) : to make a re- 
 part of one's e., 1. renuntiare, Cic. : to 
 gim a false account of an e. (of Aes- 
 
 chines), 1. ementiri, Cic. opt. gen. Or., ^ 
 21 : chief of an e., legatioiiis piinceps, 
 Cic. 2. legati, orum : they send an 
 e. concerning peace, legates de pace mit- 
 tunt, Liv. ; with plenipotentiary powers, 
 cum liberis maiidatis, Liv. : Cic. v. am- 
 bassador. P h r. : an e. is sent to ap- 
 proach their majesties, legantur qui regos 
 adeant. Sail, (the phrase legalos legai; 
 also occurs, Cic. Vat. 15, J5). 
 
 embattled (part, adj.) : (acies) in- 
 structa : v. to draw up (11 L). 
 
 embared (part, adj.) .- * in sinn 
 maris rrediicto] inclusus. 
 
 embedded (ix"<- adj): (?) situs: e. 
 in honey, in melle s., Lucr. j, 90;. 
 
 embellish : omo, exomo, distinguo, 
 etc : V. TO adorn. 
 
 embellisher: exornator: not e.s of 
 facts, but narrators, non exomatores 
 rerum sed narratores, Cic. 
 
 embellishment: ornamentum, de- 
 cus,etc: v. ORNAMENT. 1' h r. : to speak 
 with all the e.s of rhetoric, wuate dicere, 
 Cic. : to aim rather at the e. of facts 
 than the accurate nanation of them, 
 •res gestas magis exomare quam fideli- 
 ter narrare. 
 
 embers : clnis, gris, m. .md some- 
 times/. , favilla: v. ASHES. 
 
 ember-days : *quatuor lempora je- 
 juiiii : v. Encycl. Brit. s. v. 
 
 embezzle : 1. averto. ti, sum, j 
 (to divert money from its legitimate 
 application) : to e. public money, pecu- 
 niam publicam a., Cic. Verr. 2, I, 4, 11 : 
 to e. an inheritance, hereditatem a., Cic. 
 
 2, pecdlor, i (rare) : to e. the pro- 
 perty of the state, rempublicam p., Flor. 
 J, 17, med. 3. intercipio, cepi, cep- 
 tum, J : sums eA from, the public trea- 
 sury, inlerceptae e publico pecuniae, 
 Tac. : cf. Flor. 1. c. (interceptis vecti- 
 galibus). 4. int«rverto, ti, sum, j 
 (to appropriate in an underhand way) : 
 to e. the revenues of a city, vectigalia 
 publica int.. Suet. Vit. 7. med. ; cf. Cic. 
 Phil. 2, J2, 79 (where the verb is used 
 of an office stolen from another). 5. 
 supprlnio, pressi, pressum, } (lit to keep 
 a sum of money out of the accounts) : 
 having received the money frinn his 
 ward, he e.d it, quae quum a pupillo 
 accepisset, suppressit, Cic. CI. 25, 68. 
 
 6. fraudo, i (with ace. of person 
 whose property is e.d) : v. to defraud, 
 
 CHEAT. 
 
 embezzlement : 1. pficuiatus, 
 
 is: e. of publie moneys, p. publicus, 
 Liv. : to practise e., p. facere, Cic. : to 
 accuse of e., peculates accusare, Auct. 
 ad Her. 2. suppressio : e.s of moneys 
 intended for jurors, s. judiciale.-, Cic. Cl. 
 2;, 68 (see the place). 3. expr. by 
 verb : by e. of the revenues, vectigalibus 
 interceptis, interversis, etc.: v. to em- 
 
 BFJ^ZLE. 
 
 embezzler : 1. aversor (publicae 
 pecuniae), Gc. Verr. 5, 58, 152. 2. 
 interceptor: Join: (praedae) inter- 
 ceptor fraudatorque, Liv. 4, 50, inii. 
 3. fur, furis : e.s of the public ex- 
 chequer, fures aerarii. Sail. C!at. 52. 
 (The term suppressor appears to have 
 been confined to those who amropriated 
 other person's slaves, Call. Dig. 48, 15, 
 6^2.) 
 
 embitter: 1. acerbo. i (rare): 
 to e. death, mortem a., Val. Fl. 2. 
 exacerbo, l : to e. an enemy by affronts, 
 hostem ex. contumeliis, Liv. : irritated 
 and e.'d, agitatus exacerbatusque, Liv. 
 
 3. expr. by circuml., how are my 
 sufferings e.'d, »quanto mihi acerbioies 
 redduntur miseriae ! 
 
 emblazon : insignio. 4 : lo in gold 
 ("or") e.'d the s/i iV W, clypeum lo auro 
 insignibat, Virg. A. 7, 790. Or expr. by 
 means of insigne. is, n. : his shield is 
 e.'d with the hereditary dei-ice, a hun- 
 dred serpents, clypeo insigne patemum, 
 centum angues, gerlt, Virg. A. 7. 657. 
 
 emblazonry : insigne, insignia : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 emblem : 1. (?) imago, inis, /. : 
 an e. (token or mark) of slavery, im. 
 servitii, Tac. A. i;, }i : cf. Cic. Fam.!. 
 6, " recordatio meorum temporum, cpxy
 
 EMB1.EMATICAL 
 
 EMERALD 
 
 EMINENT 
 
 fOm imagincm video in tuis rebus." 
 2 indicium {indication, token o/"); 
 the e.' and badge of rani: {the bulla), 
 ind. atque insigne fcirtunae, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 I, 53, 152. 3. simulacrum: v. image, 
 RErRESKNTAnoN. (Not emblema. which 
 denotes a kind i>f inlavl vork.) 
 
 emblematical : perh. sjinWiicns 
 
 (the adv. symbolice octurs Gell. 4. 11. 
 ad fin.): V. SYMBOLICAL. I'hr. : of 
 wlutt is tlie date «., quid vult sibl 
 pahna? Ov. Fast i, 18;: tell me fur- 
 ther vluneof tite coin is e., stipis adjice 
 causam. ib. 189: comp. ib. 2ji: "i* 
 b)ead and nine in the Lord's Supper 
 are e., panis ei vinnm In coena Domini 
 [symbola] ad rem siBniticatam refer- 
 UDtur, H. Stepli. (Thes. Or.): tif. olive 
 «. of peace, pucilera (pacis signum) oliva, 
 Virg. 
 
 emblematically: symbaiicg: Gell. 
 See also fi(;l'rati\ ELY. alle<:ohically. 
 embody: I. ^^ invest with a 
 
 body : in lorpore includere, cum c«rpore 
 conjungere : cf. Virg. A. 6, 727, sqq 
 II. To throw into a certain form : 
 perl), includo, si, sum, J : ufteruards 
 was e.'d in it (the form of the elegy) 
 gratified desire, post inclusa est voti 
 sententia compos, Hor. A. P. 76. P h r. : 
 « truth e.'d in a tale," 'sub ficta fahulae 
 imagine celata Veritas: this truth is e.'d 
 in a brief fable of Aesop, hoc atlestatir 
 brcvis Aesopi fabula, Phaedr. 
 
 embodiment: effigies, spCcies, sl- 
 muUurum : v. kigitre. 
 
 embolden : 1. confirmo, t : toe. 
 tliK ftarful, timentes c, Caes. : v. to 
 ENCOiRAGE. 2. pxpr. by means of 
 f5ro.\ : to be e.'d by .^ucctss, secundis 
 rebus ferocem es.se. Sail. : e.'d by the 
 aid of Ver.us, praesidio Veneris ferox, 
 Hor. : / uas e.'d by being tinth you, quia 
 tecum eram, proplerea animo eram fero- 
 cior, ."1. ■ Cic. 1' h r. : e.'d by success 
 to go further, rebus secundis longius 
 ausuri, I'ac. H. ;. n. 
 
 emboss: (?)caelo, i: V. TO CHASE. 
 Ph r. : e.'d figures, octypa, orum, Plin. : 
 O likeness e.'d im a piecioas stone, imago 
 ectypa eminent! gemma. Sen. Ben. j, 
 26,1. 
 
 embossment : per'"- emmens ex- 
 pressio, Vitr. 4, 4,./'". : v. preced. art. 
 
 embowel : 1. evisc«ro, l : the 
 
 haiik e.s the dove, accipiter columbam 
 e., Virg. 2. exentero, i : an e.'d 
 
 hare, lepus exenteratus, Just. 
 
 embowered (;«rt. adj.): arboribiis 
 obtectu<, Virg. A.2, }oo: 'jucunde raniis 
 arborum consociatis contectus, cf. Hor. 
 Od. 2, }, 10. 
 
 embrace (w) ■• I. !''<•: 1. »«>• 
 plcctor, XU8, } : 1' e e. ynur knees, am- 
 plecilmur tibi genua, PI. : e.ing and 
 kissing -me, he tells rw n-t to u-ei-p, ille 
 me amplexus atque cculans flen- pro- 
 hibet, Cic. Fre^wnt., aniplexor, i {to 
 e. tenderly, cares.'dnijl y), Ter. : Cic. 2. 
 complector, ? (stronger tlian amplector : 
 also of mutual embro'es) : e.ing the 
 child more closely, puell:im arctins com- 
 plexus, Cic: he e.d 'ae.'^ar nitli many 
 tears, multis cum lacrimis Caesarcm 
 coniplexus est, Caes. : to e. each idher. 
 inter se c, Cic. . Liv. By anal., deep 
 sUfp e.s their limbs, sopor c. arms, Virg. 
 3. comprimo, pressi, ssuni, ? {sex- 
 ually) : Ter. Phr. : to e. a persmi's 
 nec/t-, coUa lacertis (brachia colio. Slat.) 
 innectere, Ov. ; rervicibiis innecti, Tac. : 
 / {trnderly) e.d her form in mine, pressi 
 corpus ad us^ue nieuni, Ov. .See also 
 subs. EMBRACE. ||. Tc encircle : 1. 
 complector, ; : Ihe reM {of Oermany) is 
 turrounded bii the (tcciri, e.ing wide re- 
 cesses, etc., cetera Oceanus ambit latos 
 sinus complectcns, I'ac. 2. ambio, 
 
 4 : V. TO SURKOUND, KNCIRCLE. |||. 
 
 To compreliend u-ithin it'elf : compre- 
 hendo. conliiieo, complector, etc v. to 
 COMI-RISE. IV. To attach oneself to a 
 party, an opinion, rU: : 1. trans- 
 grfidior, ssus, ; (strictly of one who gnes 
 over from the other side) : he imme- 
 diately e.d the side {of \'espasian). sta- 
 tim in partes transgressus est, I'ac. 
 r' transeo 4, irr. (like preced.') : v. 
 
 TO GO OVER. Phr: to be slmu in eSng 
 any one's cause, cunctanlius alicui ac- 
 ceilere, Suei. Gal. 12 : the .\umuiiant e. 
 different Sides, Numidae in duas part<^s 
 discedunt, S^iU. Jug. ij : not to e. any 
 side {in phiUifoptiy), nuUius jurare in 
 verba magislri. Hor. Kp. 1, 1, 14: /«. 
 the side of those who hace n« wonts, nil 
 cupientium castra pelo, Hor. Od. j. 16, 
 2 J. V. ^o "''" ^" opp<jrtunity : 
 
 Phr. : occasionem arripere {eagerly), 
 \a\\ ; avidLssime amplecti {very eagerly), 
 
 Plin. jun. : v. OPfORTUJilTV. 
 
 embrace («««>«■)•• 1. amplexus, 
 
 us : to btstow ej, amplexus dire, Virg. : 
 to hold any one in an e., ample.xu tenere 
 aliqueiii, 'rac. : to be locked in an e., 
 amplexibus haerere, Val. Fl. ; circum- 
 lundi amplexibus alicujus. Veil, (fhe 
 plur. is e>p. used of the e.s of lovers.) 
 By anal., folded in the e. of a serpent, 
 circumpllcatus serpentis amplexu. Cic: 
 al.<o of. a river, Cic 2. Coniplexus. us 
 
 (f.>r SJTl., v. TO EMBRACE, 2): tO Jly tO 
 
 any one's e., ad complexum alicujus 
 currere, Cic. Join: in sinum et c. 
 alicujus (venire). Cic Phil. 2, 25, 61. 
 Fig.: the universe which holds all 
 things in its e., mundus qui omnia c. 
 suo continet, Cic. 3. compressus, 
 
 us {sexual) : Ter. 
 
 embrasure: (?)Rnestra, fgnestella 
 (applicable to any aperture in a waJl) : 
 V. OPEXING {auhs.). 
 
 embrocation : fomentum : Cels. ; 
 f. calidiini, Hor. 
 embrocate : f5veo, fomento : v. to 
 
 FOM K NT. 
 
 embroider : 1. pineo. ixi, ctum, 
 
 ; : nvire fully, acu p., Ov. : a noven 
 coverlet, e.'d with magnificent vnrk. 
 
 Is not found in this sense in any peel ot 
 the golden age : v. green.) 
 
 emerge : 1. emerge, ^l, sum, J : 
 al.-jj \Mib prun. rejt. ; and as dtp., 
 emergor. sus : to e. from Ihe deep, ex 
 alto en>ergere, Cic : uhere daylight ej 
 fn/m the sea, qua se lux emergit pelago, 
 Avien. : 'I'er. : the horse eA fi nm the 
 marsh, equus e palude emersus est, Liv. 
 Fig.- (p<X)r men) do not easily <•. (Jrum 
 obscurity), baud facile emergunt, Juv. 
 2. exsisto, siiti, stitum, } : <A- 
 sunken hoite did not e.Jrom the abyu, 
 submersus equus voraglnibus non ex- 
 Stilit, Cic. : V. TO ARISE. 3. extfdo, 
 
 ssi, »^um, } (only fig.): to e.frum cliild- 
 hood, ex puerio exc, Cic. 
 
 emergence : emersus, us : the e. of 
 the dog-star, Caniculae e., Plin. 
 
 emergency: 1. tempus oris, n 
 
 {critical time) : to form 01 t's plans ac- 
 cording to the e., ad tempus cuiisiliuni 
 capere, Cic. Fam. 10, 9, ^11. : in this <, 
 no state helped the Athenians, hoc In I 
 nulla civiias auxilio Atheniensibus full, 
 Xep. JHIIt. 5 : in such a {dire) e., in tali 
 t., Lucr. I, 94 : Liv. : in trying and 
 formidable e.s, in dubiis formid<jlosisque 
 t., Cic. Verr. ;, 1, l : v. CRi.>-is, o<-casion. 
 2. necessltas {pressing circum- 
 stances) : I know not whether your e. is 
 not greater, etc., nescio an majores vobis 
 necessitates, etc., Liv. 21,4?: if any e. 
 should arise in a common n ealth, sin quae 
 n. alicui reipublicaeobvenerii.Cic Off. 2, 
 21, 74: V. NECESSITY. 3. discrimeu, 
 inis, n.: v. crisis. 4. casus, us: to 
 aiiapt one's plans to new ej„ ad novos 
 lemporum c. rationes accommodare, Cic. : 
 V. CHANCE, accident. Phr.: to take 
 one's counsel accn-ding to the c e re 
 
 textile stragulum magnificis operilms ' nala (=ad tempus) consilium capere, 
 pictum, Cic. 2. intexo, ui, xtum ' '— '' '"'- '" ""'" '" '""■ -••"■•«" 
 
 '{to inneare) : Suet.: see also foil. art. 
 
 embroidered {part, adj.) .- 1. 
 pictiis: e. raiment, p. vestls, Virg.: e. 
 couches, p. tori, Ov. 2. depicius: e 
 cloaks, d. paenulae. Suet. 3. P'ctu 
 ratus : «. dresses, p. vestes, Virg. 
 
 embroiderer : 1. P' «-'• part, of 
 
 pingo (L. G. >) 6j8) : v. to embroider. 
 
 2. pluniarius (strictly a kind of e. 
 
 in feathei-work) : Vitr. 6, 4, (7), fm. : 
 
 cf. foil. art. (IL). 
 
 embroidery: I. ?"''« art: 1. 
 
 *ars acu pingendi : v. to embroider. 
 2. ars plumaria (strictly, the art 
 offeather-ivork : but also used of e. in 
 general) • where are deicribrd (viz. in 
 the book of £xodus) garments wrought ' 
 in e., ubi describuntur vesies plumaria 
 iirte contexlae, Hier. Ep. 29, 6. ||. 
 The " ork itself : 1. pictura in tex- 
 
 tili (lacta), Cic Verr. 4, i, i. 2. 
 picta or picturiita vestis ; opus pictu- 
 ratum : v. embroidered. 
 
 embroil : I. ^o confuse .- misceo, 
 pennis<ei>. confundo, etc.: v. to con- 
 FrsE. DisTLUii. II, To entangle in : 
 
 implico, impedio : v. to involve, im- 
 plicate. 
 
 embroilment: perturbatio, turba, 
 tiimultus: V. coNFfsros, timclt. 
 
 embryo: !• ne unformed young 
 of animals : partus, us (which has a 
 wider meaning than the Fjig.). or perh. 
 better, *partus inchoatus, immaturus. 
 II. Fig., of anything unfinished : 
 res Inchoata, incepta modo necdum per- 
 
 ft'Cta : V. INCOMl'l.hTK. 
 
 embryonic "f embryotic : incho- 
 atus rac riidisj; V. inc<oiplktk. 
 
 emend : emendo, corrigo V. TO cor- 
 rect. 
 
 emendation: 1. emendatio: to 
 
 correct a snleiisin by the e. of a single 
 word, soloeiismum unius emendatii>ne 
 verbi corrigere, yuint. : M. L. (But 
 the p. part, of eiiiendo may often be 
 used more idiomatically, as man 11 excel- 
 lent t.s. *nnilta praeclare emeiidala, cf. 
 L. G. ^ 642.) 2. correctio (chiefly 
 
 used in critical language of the correc- 
 tiims of tratiscrilMTs) : v. correction. 
 
 emerald : smaragdus, m and /. : 
 Lucr. : Ov. Ailj. smamcdinus (also 
 smaragdineus, Man. Cap.), e. meads. 
 smaragdina pr.ita, I'ruil. 1 But the wlj. 
 
 ' Apul. (pro re nala, in Cic, sigui!ie« 
 
 under existing circumstan(.es. All. 14, 
 6, cul init.). 
 
 emerods : haemorrhols, ulis. Gels. 
 
 emery : *smyris or smiri-i, idis aiui 
 itis (.Gr. (Tfivp'?): Forcell. Gloss. 
 
 emetic: 1. *Jmeiica: usedbyCic 
 in itsGk. fonn, e/ieTucrji' agebai, AlL I}, 
 52. (N.B. in Cic. Fam. 8, 1, emetira is 
 merely a conjecture.) 2. vOniltorina 
 {adj.) with some appropriate tubs. : as, 
 bulbus v., Plin. Simly, voniil Icus: v. 
 niedicimentum, Coel. Aur. 1' b r. : to 
 get rid if bile by ej, vomilione biles 
 extrahere, Plin. (Hor. has bilem purgarl, 
 A. P. J02). 
 
 emigrant: J"«- part, of emigro 
 
 {one Willi i]uits his home): v. TO emi- 
 grate. (But if the term be applied 10 
 one who i* actually living abroad, pru- 
 ffigus, jr some such circumL as qui d* 
 jjutrio solo migravit, must be used.) 
 
 emigrate : migro, emigro, I (of any 
 Chang' if abode) : v. to remo\ e. 
 
 emigration: migraiio, emlgratiodn 
 alias terras) : v. removal. 
 
 eminence : I- J rising ground : 
 
 1. tumulus: a citadel planted on 
 an e., arx quae imposiia e.vt tumulo, 
 Liv. : f.s c'/mmanding tlie rouiL, tumuli 
 imminenu-s viae, Liv. : Caes. _ 2. 
 locus cditus: he thiew up our fort on 
 an e. before the citadel, unum caslrllum 
 loco ediio contra arc.m ohj.-clt, Liv. 
 The neut. of ediius is also ustd subsian- 
 tively, mountain e^, montium edita, 
 I'ac.": on an e. in edilo. Suet. Phr.: 
 from a locky ?., saxi de vi-riice, Virg.: 
 v. HEIGHT. |l. High distinctiun: 1, 
 fastigium : to ttijiy the highest <, in 
 summo 1. esse, Xep. Aiu 10, j: to Duiin- 
 lain supreme e. aniong>t men, inter 
 homines f. servare, Plin. Pan.: to attain 
 the highest e. in e'oquence, in fastiglo 
 eloquentiae siare, (Juint. 2. gradus. 
 us (« ith ><>me sulUilile adj) : to occupj) 
 the hiylutl e. m the stale, in amp'iiKsimo 
 dignitatis gr. collixatum esse, Cic: o 
 mure exalted e., aitior gr., Cic 3. 
 praestatitia {excellence : q. v.) : e. ir. 
 virtue, ability, rank: p. virtntis Ingenii. 
 foriunae, Cic. : v. pre-eminence. ||i. 
 As a title: •Smlnentia, emlnentlsslrous? 
 tKr.X 
 
 eminent : 1. f grfgius {out of the 
 common nrder : never in bad sensed : «• 
 2SI
 
 EMINENTLY 
 
 EMPHASIS 
 
 EMPTINESS 
 
 poets, e. poetae, Cic. : e. good faith, up- 
 rightness, e. fides, justitia, Caes. : a man 
 e, in military distinction, vir e. in laude 
 bellica, Cic. : v. remarkable. 2. 
 
 eximius (nearly equiv. to preced. : spe- 
 cial rem/irkable) .- Fompey's singular 
 and e. worth, Pompeii singularis e.que 
 virtus, c:ic. : e. virtues, e. virtutes, Cic. 
 3, eminens, ntis (rising above the 
 rest : not in this sense in Cic.) : the 
 most e. geniuses in eoery line, emlnen- 
 tissima cujusque professionis ingenia, 
 Veil. I, i6: an unfamurable construc- 
 tion was put upon (the conduct of) the 
 e., sinistra erga eminentes interpretatio, 
 Tac. Ag. 5 ; Quint. 4. praestans, 
 ntis (excelling others): men e.for expe- 
 rience and wisdom, viri usu et sapieiitia 
 pracstantes, Nep. : far the most e. of nil 
 for genius and careful study (Arisiotle), 
 longe omnibus pr. et ingenio el diligen- 
 tia, Cic. 5. nobills, e (aeU-known, no- 
 table) : an e. rhetorician, magnus et n. 
 rhetor, Cic. : e. worth, magna ac n. vir- 
 tus, Tac. : e. in philosophy, in philoso- 
 phia [praeclarus et] n., Cic. 6. P^e- 
 clarus, clarus : v. famous. 7. cgleber, 
 bris, bra : all the men most e.for genius, 
 celeberrimus quisque ingenio, Tac. : v. 
 CELEBRATED. g. insignis, e: v. re- 
 markable. 9. rarus (seldom occur- 
 ring): (a woman) of e. purity of life, 
 rarae castitatis, Tac. .- v. rare. Phr. : 
 e. qualities, virtutes, Tac. Ag. i,_/in. : 
 e. authors flourished there (at Athens), 
 provenere ibi scriptorum magna ingenia. 
 Sail. Cat. 8 : two very e. men, ingenii 
 vlrtute duo viri (Cato et Caesar), Sail. : 
 to be e., eniineo, eniteo : v. distinguish- 
 ed, TO BE. 
 
 eminently : 1. egrggie : an e. 
 brave and efficient commander, e. fortis 
 et bonus iniperator, Cic. : v. excel- 
 lently, remarkably. 2. inprimis: 
 an e. famous t.onn of Sicily, oppidum 
 in primis Siciliae clarum, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 iS, 86 : (a lady) of e. good expectations, 
 (femina) In primis egrcgiae spei, Tac. 
 A. 9 : though he was an e. distinguished 
 eques, quum in primis lautus esset 
 eques, Nep. Att. ij, fin. 3. expr. 
 by super, degree : as, an e. good, wise 
 man, homo optimus, saplentlssimus (see 
 the several adjectives) : esp. strength- 
 ened by iinus omnium (cf. L. G. } J54) . 
 e. great in talking and ill-qualified fo^- 
 teaching, unus omnium loquacissimus 
 et minime aptus ad docendum, Cic. Att. 
 8, 4 : simly with ex omnibus (tor omni 
 um), Cic. de Or. i, 22, 99. (The expr. is 
 somewhat stronger than the Etig.) 4. 
 expr. by prae with aU.: to be e. distin 
 guished, prae ceteris florere (in all 
 qua re), Cic. 5. praecipue : v. parti 
 cularly, especially. 
 
 emir : (?) phylarchus (Arabum), Cic 
 Fam. 15, I, ad init. 
 
 emissary : I. In gen. sense : le- 
 gatus: v. ENVOY, deputy. II. In bad 
 sense, mie dispatched on a secret com- 
 mission : nearest word prob. emissarlus 
 (i. e. an agent employed for evil pur- 
 poses): he murdered the consul's son by 
 m^ans of the e.s (" tools ") of his party, 
 consulis filium per emissarios factionis 
 suae interfecit. Veil. 2, 18, Jin. : cf. Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 8, 22, "e.xcursor et emlssarius." 
 Sometimes internuntius may do, v. go- 
 between ; or speculator, v. spy. (For 
 emissiiry := outlet, see latter word.) 
 
 emission : 1. emissio : an e. of 
 rays from the eyes, ex oculis radlorum 
 e., Gell. 2. jactus, Qs : a»» e. of rays, 
 Jacius radiorum, I'lin. (See also ema- 
 nation.) 3. flu.xus, lis (flowing) .- 
 V. flux. 4. expr. by verij, esp. p. 
 part. : by the e. of blood, sanguine misso 
 or emisso : v. to shed. 
 
 emit: 1. emitto, mlsl, missum, 
 i : to e. a sound, vocem e., Lucr. : Liv. : 
 to e. wind and noise from the stomach, 
 flatum crepliumque ventris e.. Suet. 
 The pass, may sometimes be expr. by 
 pron. refi. : if fire be e.'d, being elicited 
 by the collision of clouds, si nubium 
 conflicta ardor expressus se emlaerlt, 
 CJc. DIv. 2, 19, 44. 2. mitto, i : to 
 be e.'d, ai the light of thi sun is, foros 
 252 
 
 mitti, soils uti lux, Lucr.: elsewhere 
 Lucr. joins fluere, mitti, spargl, 4, 6';8 : 
 V. to emanate. 3. jaclo, Jeci, Jactum, 
 J ; and jacto, i (frequent, of Jacio) : to 
 e. an odour from the body, odorem de 
 corpore Jacere, Lucr. : to e. sparlcles, ig- 
 niculos jacere, Cic. : to e. light, lucem (de 
 corpore) Jactare, Lucr. 4. exhalo, i 
 
 (as breath) : Etna e.s flames, iiammam 
 Aetna ex., Ov. : to e. a deadly vapour, 
 mortiferum spiritum ex., Plin. 5. 
 eructo, 1 ; Virg. : v. to belch (forth). 
 Phr.: to e. rays, radiare, Ov. : cats' 
 eyes e. rays in the dark, felium in tene- 
 bris radiant ocuU, Plin. 
 
 emmet ; formica : v. ant. 
 
 emollient (arfj-)- 1. mollificus: 
 Coel. Aur. 2. malacticus, Theod. 
 
 Prise. (N.B. The two preced. words 
 purely medical.) 3. (?) levis, e : cf. 
 Hor. Od. I, ji, 16. 
 
 emollient (subs.): 1. malagma, 
 atis, n. : Cels. 2. moUimentum (fig. 
 of that which assuages). Sen. (trag.). 
 
 emolument : lucrum, emOlumen- 
 tum ; V. gain, advantage. See also 
 
 SALARY, income. 
 
 emotion: 1. motus, (is (usu. 
 with animi: most gen. term): anger 
 and fear and the other e.s, ira et metus 
 et leliqui motus animi, Cic. : disturbed 
 e.s, turbati m., Cic. (= 77067). passions, 
 Off. 2, 5, 18) : to be intimately ac- 
 quainted with all the e.s of the mind, 
 omnes animorum m. pernoscere, Cic. 
 (N'.B. Unlike the Eng., motus animi 
 may be used of the activity of the mind 
 in thought. Off. I, j6, 1^2.) 2. P*=r- 
 mOtio (stronger than preced. : rare) : e.s 
 liestoned on us by nature, permotiones 
 animis nostris a natura dat^ie, Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 44, IJ5. 3. commotio- v, 
 excitement. 4. perturbatio (= lur- 
 ■' batus aiilml motus : v. supr.) : v. per- 
 turbation. 5. affectus, (is : genuine 
 e.s, verl af., Quint.: false, counterfeit 
 e.s., m. ficti, in:ltati, Quint.: v. affec- 
 tion. Phr.: to be the subject of e., 
 commoverl, Cic. : to feel the e.s of hope 
 or fear, spem nietumque coiicipere, 
 Ov. : to obey a sudden e., impetu quo- 
 dam animi utl, Cic. (v. impulse) :/mH 
 of (tearful) e., flebilis, Quint. Hor.: 
 without e., immotus (v. unmoved), slccis 
 oculis, Hor. 
 
 emotional : *quod ad animi motus 
 (affectus) pertlnet. Phr.: the e. part 
 of our nature, *ea pars animi quae vo- 
 luptate, dolore, ira, miserlcordia, ceter- 
 isque moiibus afflcitur; or simply ani- 
 mus : a7i e. style of oratory, *oratlonis 
 genus quod id agii ut affectus (animi) 
 inoveat (based on Quint.). 
 
 empale: \- impale. 
 
 empannel : v. impannel. 
 
 emperor : 1. imperator (as im- 
 perial title, always betore the name of 
 the individual): Suet. 2, princeps, 
 ipls, (the title chosen by Augustus : 
 prop, chief of the Senate) : Tac. : v. 
 sovereign. 3. (of deceased Koman 
 emperors, deified, canonised) : dlvus 
 (U.), Tac. Agf. 9, 15, etc. Phr. : to be 
 e., Imperare, Suet.: belonging to an e, 
 imperatorius. Tac. 
 
 emphasis : 1. (?) impressio : cf. 
 Cic. de Or. j, 48, 185 : " si numerosum est 
 id quod habet quasdam impressiones." 
 (Emphasis [Or. e^K^atris] is a figure cf 
 speech by which a word Is made to in- 
 dicate more than is distinctly express- 
 ed : " plus ad Intelligendum quam dL\- 
 erls slgnificatio," Cic. de Or. j, 5}, 202 : 
 V. Forcell. s. v.) 2. vis,/. : e. is there- 
 by given to things (said), accedit vis [et 
 proprietas] rebus, (julnt. 11, }, 175. 3. 
 pondus, eris, (with ref. to the ueigh- 
 tiness or impress iveness of words used, 
 not the mere stress laid upon them) 
 Kg must make use of every possible e. of 
 language, omnium verborum ponderi- 
 bus est utendum, Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72. 
 Join: vis [quaedam] et pondus, cf. 
 Plin. Ep. I, 20, J : to say a thing with 
 the greatest possible «., aliquld quam 
 raaxlme contenta voce dicere, cf. Cic. 
 I^Or. 17, 56; erecta et coucitata voce 
 'dicere, Quint. 11. j, 175. 
 
 emphasize : ' 1. pr^mo, ssi, ssum 
 } : to e. a particular word, verbum pr. 
 Cic. (in Kr.). 2. exprimo, j (to bring 
 out the force of, by mode of utterance), 
 Cic. Sext. 55,7m. 
 
 emphatic: gravis, e: V. weighty, 
 impressive. PhT.: a slow, e. delivery, 
 pressa pronuntiatio. Quint. 11, j, in. 
 
 emphatically : 1. instanter : to 
 say anything more e. than tisual, in- 
 stantius aliquld dicere. Quint. 9, i, 50: 
 comp. Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6, " dum intente 
 instanterque pronunliat" (where how- 
 ever the ref. is to general energy and 
 force of delivery). 2. vghementer: 
 v. VEHEMENTLY. 3. (magna) vi ac 
 vocis contentione [allquid dicere] : v. 
 EMPHASIS. 4, graviier; v. gravely, 
 
 WEIGHTILY. 
 
 empire: 1, impgrium: the ex- 
 
 tension of the boundar.ie.'i of our e., fini- 
 uni imp. nostri propagatio, Cic. : he 
 fhall extend his e. (sway), proferet imp., 
 V^i""?- , 2. regnum : v. kingdom. 
 
 empinc (subs.) : empirlcus (e/nTret- 
 piKos) : Cic. (who uses the word of 
 doctors who are guided by experience 
 only, Acad, 4, ^9, 1 22). 
 
 empirical : empirlcus (strictly adj. 
 but found only as subs.), Cic. (v. preced. 
 art.). Phr.: e. treatment, *empirico- 
 rum ratio (curatio) : e. medicine, so 
 called from its depending only on ex- 
 periment, empirice, ab experimentis cog- 
 nominata, cf. Plin. 20, 12,48: to make 
 an art to be purely e., in usu tantum et 
 experimentis aliquid ponere, Cels. pref. 
 
 empirically : ex experimentis ; ex 
 usu tantum; experimentorum ratione 
 habita : v. preced. art. 
 
 empiricism ; empirice, es (ira medi- 
 cine), Plin. In wider sense, *enipiri- 
 corum ratio ; eorum ratio qui omnia la 
 u>u tantum et experimentis pontmt. 
 
 employ («.) .• 1. iitor, ilsus, } 
 
 (with abl.) : v. to use. 2. 5dhibeo, 
 2 (for some definite end) : to e. a master 
 or teacher, magistrum ad., Cic. : the 
 iambic metre is e.'d in the drama, Hu- 
 merus lambicus adhibetur in fabulis, 
 Cic. : he began to be e.'d in more impor- 
 tant cases, ad majores causas adhiberl 
 coeptus est, Cic. 3. coUOco, 1 (to lay 
 out in doing something) : to e. oneself 
 entirely in study and (the pursuit of) 
 knowledge, se totum in cognitione et 
 scientia c, Cic. Off. i, 44, 158: simly, 
 orane suum studium in allqua re c, 
 Cic. 4. exerceo, 2 (to keep at work) : 
 v. TO exercise. Phr.: to be actively 
 e.'d in cases before the centumvirs, jac- 
 tare se In causis centumviralibus, Cic. : 
 to be e.'d over other people's business, in 
 ulienls negotlis detliieri, Cic. (v. to be 
 ENG.VGKD) this cause will e. the first 
 months, iiaec causa primes menses occu- 
 pabit, I oel. ap. Cic. : v. to occupy. 
 
 employ (subs.) : v. employment. 
 Phr.: to have a workman in one's e., 
 *oplficem conductum habere. 
 
 employer : conductor, rgdemptor : 
 I.e. hirer, contractor, q. v. (Dominus 
 would Imply ounership.) 
 
 employment : I. The act of em- 
 ploying : 1_ ii~us, iisurpatio : v. use. 
 2. adhlbitio (rare) : thee, of a medi- 
 cine, medicamlnis ad.. Mart. Cap. 3- 
 much more freq. expr. by verb : by the 
 e. of manual labour, *manlbus opifl> 
 cum adhibitis (based on Cic.) : by thee, 
 of a master, "magislro adhibendo, v. 
 TO employ. II, Occupation : quaes- 
 tus, lis (as means of livelihood), minis- 
 tgrlum (service, agency), nfgotiiun (6u- 
 si7iess) : see the several words. 
 
 emporium : emporium : v. EN- 
 TREPOT. 
 
 empower : potestatem (alicui) acio, 
 
 do : V. TO AUTHORIZE. 
 
 empress : 1. imperatrix, tcis 
 
 (not class, in precisely this sense): (Kr.) 
 2. Augusta, cf lac A. 15, 2J (the 
 appellation Included various female 
 members of the imperial familyX 3. 
 uxor impgratoria (wife of an impenh 
 £or), Tac. A. 1,41. 
 
 emprise : v. enterprise 
 
 emptiness : 1. inanitas. PL :
 
 E M P T V 
 
 ENAMOURED 
 
 £ N C UO S E 
 
 Qalnt. 2. vanitas (tig.): *• vanity. 
 P h r. : alas for tlte. t. of thivgs earthly, 
 *heu ! quam inaiiia sunt terrcstria om- 
 nia. (Vavuitas does not occur in the 
 above senses.) 
 
 emptv (adj) •• I. Lit.: 1. 
 
 vaciiu.s (utioccupieil) : e. space, v. spa- 
 tiura, Lucr. : an e. theatre, v. tlieatrum, 
 Hor. : on your arrival those lienehes nere 
 Itft e., adventu tuo ista subsellia vacua 
 facta sum, CIc. Cat. i, 7, 16 (al. vacue- 
 facta). 2. fnanis, e {ahfolately mid) : 
 e. chafl', in. paleae, Virg. : it is the opinion 
 of the natural philosophers that there is 
 no spaee absolutely e, pliysitis inane 
 esse nihil placet, Clc. (l-ucr. often uses 
 inane a\>so\.=z empty space, I, i;o, etc.): 
 a lumse dismanHfd and absolutely «., 
 ilomus nuiia aique In., Cic. Verr. 2, J4, 
 1(4 (domus vacua is a house, itithout oc- 
 cupants). 3. ca-ssus (of fiult-shells, 
 busies, etc., uhicJi have nothimj in them) : 
 V. Hoixow. II. Kig. : idle, uithout 
 forth or result : 1. iniinis : an e. 
 name, in. nomcii, Cic. : the e. pageantry 
 of office, inania honoris, Tac. : e. threats, 
 minae in., Hor. 2. vanus: e. joys, 
 v. gaudia, Hor.: v. vais. 3. cassus: 
 an e. dread, c. fomiido, Lucr. : e. la- 
 bours, c. lahores, Plin. jun. 
 
 empty ("•) • 1. vacuefacio, feci, 
 factum, } (or vacuum facio : cf. kmptv, 
 a^j. 1) : to e. the veins by fasting, venas 
 inedia v., Macr. : Nep. (v. to r>Ki"opu- 
 i.ate). Lucr. has a pass, vacefio, 6, 
 looj. 2. Inanio, 4 (to render abso- 
 lutely void): Lucr.: I'lin. 3. cx.- 
 inSnio, 4 (strengthened from prcced.): 
 Cic. (wlio uses it esp. lor to strip and 
 pillage, Verr. j, 50, 119). 4. c.xhau- 
 rio, si, stum, 4: v. to drain, duink 
 OFF. Phr. : the (ianges e.s itself into 
 the ocean, Ganges se effiindil in ocea- 
 num, Plin.: v. to i>ischargk. 
 
 empty-handed : 1. Inanis, e : 
 Ihey went for corn, but came buck e., 
 ad frumentum pnifectl in. redierunt, 
 Cic. Alt. 14, J ■ simly, of letter-cjirriers 
 icho bring nothing, Cic. Fam. 15, 17. 
 2. ininmnis, e (iritltout a gift — 
 sine munere), Hor. Kp. i, 14, ; {. Phr.: 
 to come back e., raanus vacuas reportare, 
 i'lin. Kp. I, 6. I. 
 
 empty-headed : inanis : of. SaU. 
 
 Jug. (iJ„fn. 
 
 empurpled {part, adj.): purpureus, 
 purpilralus. v. fcrplk. 
 
 empyreal : perh. aethgreus, Igneus : 
 
 V. ETHKRKAI,. 
 
 empyrean : perh. aether, gris, m. : 
 
 V. ETHKR, IIKAVKN. 
 
 emulate : aemfilor, i : V. TO BrvAi.. 
 To e. one anotlier, inter se certaie : v. 
 
 TO VIE. 
 
 emulation; aemulatio, Cic. (aemu- 
 iatus, us, rare : Tac). 
 emulate! : aemillus, aemulator : v. 
 
 RIVAL. 
 
 emulous ; 1. aemfllus (u.su. with 
 (/•n.) : (a iioman) e. of thf. glory of her 
 house, ae. domesticae laudis, Cic. Coel. 
 14, ?4: also with d<il. (poet.): wines e. 
 of the Tuscan jar. I'uscis ae. vina cadis, 
 .Mart. 2. aemulator,/. trlx (cf. L. G. 
 f) 598) : a mivdJauUle^s and pure, e. of 
 deity, animus enuiidatus ac purus, ae. 
 dei. Sen. : «. posterity, aemulairi.\ pos- 
 terilas, Cassiod. To lie e. of, aemulari, 
 teruire : v. ro vie with. 
 
 emulously; 1. certatim (ri:ing 
 with each other) : the crews e. beat the 
 sea, c socii feriunl mare, Virg. : Cic. 
 2. aemulunter (ran): Ten. 3. 
 expr. by adj (I,. G. } J4}) : tliey e. poes's 
 foruard, *aemuli Instant. 
 
 enable : 1. facnltatem allcui do, 
 facio : the rest were e.d to flee, rellquis 
 fugae ticultiw dabatur, Caes. : to e. a 
 person to judge honestly, facere faculta- 
 tem alicul honeste judicandi, Cic. (For 
 polestateni facio, v. to km power.) 2. 
 officio, teci, fecium, ; (to briny any- 
 thing to pass) : by this means he e.d the 
 infantry to retrtat in safety to the 
 camp, *iia efffecit ut pedes tuto se In 
 castra recipt-re posset : v. TO cause (2). 
 Par.: that circunistaiKe e.d me to judge 
 [gax>€ me an opportunity of jiuiging). 
 
 ea res dedit existimandi copiam, Ter. 
 Heaiit. 2. !, 41. 
 
 enact: I. To give sanction to a 
 law : I suncio, xl, ctuni, 4 (u-ith 
 
 religious or fr/rmal sanictitm) : to e. 
 laus concerning illegal canvass, leges 
 de ambitu s., Cic. : cf/ntrary to whaX had 
 been e.'d by lau\ contra quam legibns 
 sanctum erat, Liv. : to e. a laic oi.-er 
 again, letiem ex inlegro s.. Suet. FiR.: 
 let this law lie e.'d in friendship, haec 
 lex sanci.itur in amicitia, Cic. 2. 
 scisco, scivi, scitum, } (of the plebs, or 
 any similar body) : the plelis e.'d lite 
 Marcian rogation with great unanimity, 
 rogatlonem Marciam magno consensu 
 plebes scivit, Liv.: the Atlmnians.e.'d 
 that, etc., Athenienses sciverunt ut, etc., 
 t!'C- 3. Jubeo, ssi, ssuni, 2 (like 
 
 scisco, of the action of the pkbs) : Hie 
 Roman people e.'d a lai" respecting en- 
 franchisement, legem P. K. jusslt de 
 civitate tribuenda, Cic. : what the com- 
 n,rms e.'d in their tribes, quod plebs 
 Iributim Jussisset, Liv. When the 
 action of a Senate and people are spe- 
 cified, decerno is used of the former, 
 jubio of the latter: " senatus decrevit, 
 populusquo Jussit," Clc. Ven-. 2, 67, 
 init. 4, constituo, i, utum, j (gene- 
 ral term, not used of the definite action 
 of a legislative body) : see what a lair 
 you are wanting to e. for tlie state, vi- 
 dete quam civilati legem c. velitis, Cic. 
 Caec. 14, 40. (In simly general sense 
 Hor. has ponere leges [=Gr. i-onovs 
 OecrOai'i, ''"'• I. ?• 105 ; Cic. legem fac- 
 ere, I'hII. ?, J, 7.) 5. impono, pCsui, 
 ituin, J (of an absolute ruler who im- 
 poses laws upon others): he (Antony) 
 has e.'d laws by force, leges civitati per 
 vim Imposult, Cic. Phil. 7, 5, 15 : v. to 
 impose. 6, ffro, perrero, tuli, latum, 
 J (of one who brings fomard or suc- 
 ceeds in carrying [perlero] a law) : 
 could this law be e.'d agreeably to the 
 auspices, haec lex per auspicia ferri 
 poluit.' Cic. Phil. ;, }, 7. (Tlie corre- 
 lative word, denoling the acceptance nf 
 the law bi/ the people is accipere : cf. 
 Cic. I. c. ; Hor. A. P. 28;.) 7. condo, 
 didi, ditum, } (with ref. to o boily of 
 jurisprudence): cf. Liv. j, J4, init. 
 See also To draw lp. ||. To perform 
 a part: ago, susclpio : v. TO ACT (15). 
 See also to UNDERTAKE. Phr.: I have 
 e.'d the part decolred upon me by the 
 state, personam ab repulilica mihi impo- 
 sitam sustinui, Cic. Mur. j, 6. .Join 
 banc personam et has partes sustinere, 
 Cic: v. PART. Phr. : to lotig to e. the 
 part of Sulla, Sullaturire, Cic. Att 9, 13. 
 
 enactment : I. Tim act of mact- 
 >>'</: 1. sanctio, Cic: see Smiths 
 Lat. I )ict. s. V. 2. much more freq. 
 expr. by verb: concerning the e. of 
 laws, de legibiis condendis, conscriben- 
 dls, etc.: v. to enact. ||. The law 
 itself, or part of it : 1. sanctio : to 
 read out the {special) e. of the laws and 
 the penalty, legum s. poenamque re- 
 citare,Cic. Verr. 4, 66, 149. 2. lex, 
 scitum : v. LAW. 
 
 enactor : 1. sane tor (legum), Tac. 
 2. sciiptor (legum), i. e. one icho 
 drans up laws : Cic. 
 
 enallage : *Cnallage, es: Gram. 
 
 enamel (subs.): 1. *smaltum 
 
 (= Fr. dniall): Gloss. In Qnich. 2. 
 *vitrum metalllcum (Kr.) : perh. *artl- 
 ficii (operls) genus vitro inductum : v. 
 TO OVERLAY As adj., •smaltinus, 
 yuich. s. V. email. (N.B. Smaltum, 
 smaltinus should he reserved for places 
 vhere technical precision is neccssjiry.) 
 
 enamel ("•)■ *vitrum [meiallicum] 
 alicui rei induccre, (Kr.) ; smalto In- 
 duceie : v. prcced. art. 
 
 enamelled: I. Lit.: •smalti- 
 nus, vitro [metallico] inductus : v. 
 ENAMEL. I). F i g. : o/" bright hue : 
 picturiitus : the e. bank, picturatus flori- 
 bus agger, Stat. 
 
 enameller : *smalti artifex : v. 
 
 ENAMEL. 
 
 enamoured) to be : &mo, dj^amo. 
 
 depeieo: v. to lovk. Phr.: to lie e.'d 
 of an adulterer's trim locks, comptos 
 
 ardere adulter! crines, Hor. • of uAom 
 the maidens u-ill soon be e.d, quo mox 
 virgincs tepebunt, Hor.: v. love (in). 
 
 encamp : 1. consido, edi. j (in 
 
 luilt on march) : he e. d at tlie foot of 
 a mountain, sub monte consedit. Caes.: 
 the army e.'d not far from the sea. baud 
 longe a marl consedit exerciius, SalL 
 2. expr. by castra, «ith pono. I0ci>, 
 coUOco (to take up a position for an 
 army): v. camp. 3. len.lo, t^tendl. 
 tensura and tum, j (to pitch a tent or 
 tents) : the merchants who 11 ere e.'d close 
 to the lines, qui sub vallo tenderent mer- 
 catores, Caes. B. G. 6, 56: Virg.: v. to 
 
 PITCH. 
 
 encampment : castra, onim : v. 
 
 CAMP. 
 
 encaustic : encausllcus, encaustus : 
 e. pictures, encausticae picturae. Pllo. 
 H. 1 1, J9 : «. painting, encaustum genus 
 pingendi, lb. ^ 41 : to paint e. pictures, 
 encausta pingere, ib. } J9 (= ceris pingere 
 ac picturam inurere, ib.). A painter in 
 e., encaustes, ae, Viir. 
 
 enceinte : gravida : v. pregnant. 
 
 enchain : F i g. : to keep deeply m- 
 teiesteil: t§neo, ui, nlum, 2: j/'ju vere 
 e.'d by his genius and style of eloquence, 
 ingenio ejus et dicendi genere teneba- 
 mini, Cic. Coel. 11, 25 : cf. id. Acad. 2, 7, 
 20, " ut ocnli pictura teneantur, aures 
 cantibus " (but the word Is weak<'r than 
 the Eng.) Phr.: tliey icere e.'d u-ith 
 interest, defixl ora lenebant. Virg. A. 8, 
 520: cf. intenti ora tenebant, ib. 2, I : 
 his very breath is e.'d to your lips, e 
 tuo pendet resupinus spirltus ore, Lucr. 
 I, j8 : e.'d with admiration at those 
 strains, lUis carminibus stupens, Hor. 
 Od. I, i;, jj: cf. Hor. concerning Or- 
 pheus, saxa movere et ducere quo vellet, 
 A. P. ?9;. 
 
 enchant : |. L 1 1. : to bewitch .- 
 
 fa.scino, effascino, i : v. to bewitch. 
 
 See also enchanted, enchantment. 
 
 II. Fig.: to delight : cfipio, dS- 
 
 lecto : v. to charm, delight. 
 
 enchanted ( pa't- adj.) : 1. can- 
 
 tatus : 071 e. sickle, c. falx, Ov. Her. 6, 
 84: an e. toy, puer carmine c, ApuL. 
 Prop. 2. incantiitus : e. love-knots, 
 inc. vliuula, Hor. S. i. 8, 49. 3. prae- 
 cantatus (over whicli a spell has previ- 
 ously ln'cn laid): Petron. 
 
 enchanter : incamator, Tert. : T. 
 M.iCKHN, wizard. 
 
 enchanting: i-c wj/ attractive:. 
 vfniistus. puU lierrinius, suavissimus: 
 V. cMAioiixi;. 
 
 enchantment : |. L i t. : car- 
 men, nicaiitanientum, etc. : v. charm. 
 P h r. : the snake bursts under the ivflu- 
 ence of e., amtando rumpliur anguis, 
 Viig. K. 8, 71 : to draw tlie moon from 
 its course by e., cursu deducere liinam, 
 Ov. Her. 6, 8;: Hor.: Medea's cursed 
 e.s, dira Medeae venena, Hor. Ep. ;, 62 : 
 cf. Od. I, 27, 22. II. Fig.: (;/ what- 
 ever is captivating : blandimenta, illC- 
 cebr:ie : v. allcrement, fascination. 
 
 enchantress: 1. maga: speiu 
 
 and ai Is of t.s, cantus arte,-;que niaga- 
 ruin, Ov. : Sen. (trag.). 2. vfnff ica 
 (one who deals in poterit drugs or 
 spells) : Hor. : Ov. 3. s5ga : Hor. 
 Phr.: to be an e., cannina lu^.-iso, Ov. 
 Her. 6. 84. 4. cantiitrix: Apul. 
 
 encircle: 1. circumplectof, xuh, j : 
 to e. a tieasure (of a Jahlai sei/ent), 
 thcsaurnm c, Cic. Phil.'u, 5, 12: a bdt 
 of broad gold e.s it (the quiver), lato 
 quam c. balteus auro, Virg.: the flames 
 e.ing then hole company, ttainmu cmiiem 
 comitaium circuniplexa. Suet. Tib. 6. 
 2, cingo, circunido : v. to sue- 
 noi'ND. 3. amplectiir, complector : 
 V. TO FJiBRACE. 4. ridiiuio, 4: V. 
 
 TO entwine. 
 
 encircling : circimnagus : the e 
 ocean, c. oceuiius, Hor. K|x«d. 16, 41. 
 
 enclose: I. To surround with 
 fence ; sepio, psi, plum, 4 : to e. a city 
 with nails, urbem muris s., Nep. : y. 
 TO FENCE. II, To put one thing u-ith- 
 in another: \, Includo. si, siim, j: 
 a bird e.d in a cage, avis inclusa in 
 cavea, Cic: / have almost ed an or<^ 
 
 2S3
 
 ENCLOSURE 
 
 ENCRO A CH 
 
 END 
 
 tion in a letter, paeiie orationem inclusi 
 in epistola, Cic. Att. I, 16, 5 : v. to 
 SHUT DP, CONFINR. 2. intercludo, si, 
 Slim, } {to cut off from retreat): afraid 
 of being e.d in tlie defile, veriti ne au- 
 gusiiis intercluderentur. Caes. i' h r. : 
 to e. one Utter in another, literas in 
 eundem fasciculiim addere, Cic Atl. 
 12, 5?: to e. a document in a ktter, 
 libelluin Uteris subjicere, Plin. Ep. lo, 
 92 : of which same document I'raj. 
 writes in ibe rescript, lil)ellum epistolae 
 junxeras. ib. 95. 
 
 enclosure: I. 'l place enclosed: 
 1. septum, very often pi.: icilhin 
 what e. shall we confute such fierce 
 monsters, qaibus s. tam immanes belluas 
 continebimus? Cic. Phil, i }, i,init.: v. 
 FENCE. The pollinji e.s in the forum 
 were called septa. 6v. Kast. i, 5J ; v. 
 PEN. 2. conseptum : Col. 3. chors 
 (cors), cOhors, nis, /. {an enclnsed yard, 
 for poultry, shet-p, etc.: v. Pall. 1,22): 
 an e. for hens, c. gallinaria. Col. ; for 
 sheep, c. oviiini, V.^rr 4. expr. by 
 circuml., locus septus, palis iiiclusus, 
 munitus : v. to fence, enclose. ||, 
 That ivhii.h isencloseii in a letter: *quod 
 in eundum fa>ciculum additum est, 
 quod Uteris adjunclum est: t. to en- 
 cube. 
 
 encomiast : encomiugraphus (one 
 who writts encomia, eyicui/iia) : Marc. 
 Aur. : V. EULOGIST. 
 
 encomiastic : laudativus, laudator- 
 ius, panegyiicus : v. EtTLiiorsTic. 
 
 encomium : panegyrlcus sermo, lau- 
 
 •latio: V. I'RAISE, EULOGY. 
 
 encompass : circumplector, com- 
 
 plector ; V. TO ENCIRCLE, CMBKACE. 
 
 encore ("•) •■ rgvoco, i : itlie actor") 
 was universally e.d, revocalxitur ab uni- 
 versis, Cic. Sext. 56,120: {the passage) 
 was e.d again and a^ai'n, mllUes revo- 
 catum est, ib. I2J : Val. Max.: without 
 being e.d, irrevocatus, Hor. Kp. 2, 1, 22J. 
 
 encounter ("•)•■ I. 'I'o '"'■eet un- 
 expectedly : 1, otfendo, di, sum, ? : 
 to e. any one in a street, aliquem in 
 platea off., Ter. : Cic. : v. to fi.nd. 2. 
 incido, di, j : v. to fall in with. 3. 
 obviam f io, factus, fieri (with dat.) : he 
 e.s Clodius in front of his estate, Clodio 
 fit obviam anie fuiidum ejus, Cic: v. 
 TO MEET. II, 7b co^tftont in a hos- 
 tile manner: 1, obviam eo, 4, irr. 
 (to confront : with dat.) : to e. the 
 enemy, ob. ire hostibus, Sail. : v. to 
 FACE, withstand. 2. coHcurro. curri, 
 rsum, J {to rush upon each other) : 
 they e. each other in direct charge, cum 
 infestis signis concurrunt. Sail. Cat. 60 : 
 to e. with equal arms (in civil war), 
 paribus c. telis, Virg. G. i, 489: also of 
 the party attacking : though a virgin 
 she dares to e. men, audet viris c. Virgo, 
 Virg. A. I, 49;. Impers., they e., con- 
 curritur, Hor. S. i, i, 7. 3. confligo, 
 xi, ctum, } (to come into collision) : ad- 
 xxrse tvinds e. each othei: adversi venti 
 c, Virg. A. 2, 417 : to e. in arms, armis 
 c, Cic. : usu. foil. l:)y cum, to e. the 
 enemy, [manu] cum hoste c, Cic. Off. 
 I, 2J, 81: also by adversus, " paucis 
 navibus adversus Rhodiorum classem 
 conflixit," Nep. Hanii. 8, fin. ; and by 
 contra : to e. a most abominable con- 
 spiracy, contra sceleratissimam coiiju- 
 raticiiiem c. Brut, in Cic. Fam. 11, i;, 
 fin. 4. congrgdior, gressus, J (very 
 freq. of cotn'ng lo a battle) : as often as 
 he e.'d the Roman people in Italy, quo- 
 tiescunque cum P. K. congresstis est in 
 Italia, Nep. Hann. i : also toll, by con- 
 tra, Cic. Lig. 1,9: v. TO ENGAGE. 5, 
 Incurro, 5: v. to charge. See also to 
 KESIST, OPPOSE. III. Jh face, to en- 
 dure courageously : I'hr. : toe. death, 
 mortem oppetere, Cic. : Virg. : to e. 
 danger, periculo oblre, periculum subire : 
 V. TO face, undekgo. 
 
 encounter (subs.): l. congres- 
 sus, lis : at the first e., primo c, Caes. : 
 Cic. 2. congressio (less class.) : his 
 first e. was with Hamilcar, prim 1 illi 
 cum Hamilcare proelii c. fuit, .lii>t. 22, 
 J, fin. : yuadrig. In Gell. 3, certamen, 
 
 pugna : V. CONFLICT. 
 
 254 
 
 encourage : I. J'o gi^ courage 
 
 to: 1. expr. by Snimus or aiilnil, 
 and various verbs : our men are e.d, 
 nostris auyetur animus, Caes. B. C. 7, 
 70: although {thesf things) e.d him to 
 fight, quanquam (haec) animos ad spem 
 certaminis faciebant, Liv. J7, J7. «** 
 fin. : simly, addere animum. Per. Heaut. 
 ?, 2, II: II hen the Carthaginians were 
 e.d by their recent victory, quum Poeuo 
 recens victoria animo esset, Liv. 29, }6, 
 med. If it is to be implied that the 
 person encouraged has been cast doimi, 
 animum (animos) ccnfirmare, erigere 
 may be used : Caesar e.d the Gauls by 
 his speech, Caesar Gallorum animos 
 verbis confirmavit, Caes. B. C. I, j;, 
 init. : be e.d. erigite animos! Cic. Att. 
 I, 16, 5 : simly, recreare afflictos animos 
 bonorum, ib. $ 4. 2. expr. by spes, 
 spei, /., and a verb: J am e.d to hope 
 that your ai-rival is at hand, in spem 
 venio appropinquare adventum tuum, 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 1 : you hare e.d the bad, 
 you have intimidated the good, spem 
 improbis ostendistis, timorem bonis in- 
 jecistis, Cic Agr. i, 8, 2} : simly, spem 
 facere, spem afferre, Cic. : v. hope. 3. 
 confirmo, I (to strengthen and nerve the 
 mind) : to comfort and e. soldiers, mi- 
 Utes consolari et c, Caes. : to e. the 
 fearful, timentes c, Caes.: to be e.d by 
 any one's advice, alicujus hortatu con- 
 fiimari. Cic. Join: recreare animos, 
 coiifinnare, excitare, Cic. Att, i, 16. 4. 
 4, erigo, } : v. to cheer. 5. hortor, 
 adhorior, cohortor, i (esp. of military 
 addresses l>efare battle) : v. to exhort. 
 II. To advise: hortor, cShortor, ad- 
 hortor : to e. young men to be riotous, 
 adhortari adolescentes ut turbulenti 
 velint esse, Cic. Phil, i, 9, 22 : I e.d him 
 to carry out his plan, hunc hortatus 
 sum ad perticiendum, Cia Arch. 11, 28 : 
 V. TO urge, advise, incite. 
 
 encouraging : laetus : an e. au- 
 gury, 1. augurium, Tac. I, 62 (v. acs- 
 PICIO0S) : an e. letter, 1. literae, Cic. 
 Att. }, 16: everything has become more e. 
 these last two days, omnia erant facta hoc 
 bidiio laetiora, Cic. Att. 7, 26, init. : e. 
 exhortations, 1. hortatiis, Val. Fl. (Or 
 expr. by circuml. : how e. are all these 
 circumstances, *quam sunt spei plena 
 haec omnia, quam apta sunt ad animos 
 nobis confirmandos, erlgendos : v. to 
 encourage.) 
 
 encouragement; 1. expr. by 
 
 verb : with a view to the e. of his men, 
 ad cohortandos milites, ad confirmandos 
 militum animos, etc. : v. to encour- 
 age. 2. hortatus, iis (the act): to 
 express approial of an act by your e. of 
 it, hortatu comprobare acta, Ov. : Cic. 
 (v. TO encourage, I, 2). 3. horta- 
 men, Inis, n. (tne means, whether words 
 or anything else) : a great e. [the death 
 of Oecius] to dare all, ingens h. ad om- 
 nia audenda, Liv. 10, 29 : they convey 
 food and e. to the combatants, cibosque 
 et horlamina pugnaniibus portant, Tac. 
 G- 7. /"• 4. hortanientum (:= pre- 
 ced.) : all those things were a great e. to 
 the Rinnans, ea cuncta Komanis magno 
 h. erant. Sail. Jug. 98, fin. : Liv. (who 
 has hortamenta animi, 7, ii). Hortatio, 
 adhortalio, cohortatio, also occur, but 
 rather in the sense of exhortation, ad- 
 vice : q. v. 5. confirniatio (the act 
 of strengthening and nerving the m.ind) . 
 cf. Cic. Fam. 6, j, init. Q, spes, sp6i, 
 /. : cf. TO encourage (2). 7. (w hen 
 joined with a poss. prron. or poss. geni- 
 tive) : often expr. by pres. part, of hor- 
 tor or the verbal .-iubsiantives hortator, 
 inipiilsor, etc. : by your e., te hortante, te 
 hortatore atque impulsore, cf. Ter. Ad. 
 4. 2, 21. 
 
 encourager : 1. bortator (/. hor- 
 
 tatri.x, St;it.) : the e. of crime, h. scele- 
 rum, VirR. : Cic. 2. impulsor: Ter. 
 encroach : 1. occQpo, i (to take 
 
 pissessioii of, esp. unawares) : to e. 
 upon the sea with hewn stone, mare 
 caemeniis oc. Hor. : they had e.'d upon 
 the neighbouring terrdory, partem fini- 
 timi agri per vim occupatam, posside- 
 rent, Caes. B. G (, la : t. ro srize. 
 
 2. praesiimo, psi, ntnm, j (to fore- 
 stall, take what shoiila be iejt to an- 
 other) : to e. upon the province of a 
 ji.dge, partes judicis pr., Quint. 11, i, 
 27 : V. TO anticipate. 3- iinmlnuo, 
 i, utum, } (lit. lo lessen : esp. of a right, 
 privilege, eh:.) : toe. upon the prerogative 
 of the people, qmxl pupuli proprium 
 semper fuit im , Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19. 
 Join: (jus) violare et iniminuere. Cic. : 
 V. TO infringe. Phr. : to e. upon a 
 neighbour's land, fines [termlnos] agri 
 proferre, atque in possessiones alieiiab 
 invadere, cf. Juv. 14, 142, and Cic. Ko§c. 
 Am. 8, 2J : in sim. sense Hor. has agri 
 terminos revellere, et ultra liniltes sa- 
 liie, Od. 2, 18, 24: to e. upon the sea, 
 submovere litora. ib. 21 ; the sea is gra- 
 dually e.ing upon the coast, *nonnihil 
 litoris fluctus in dies alluentes auferunt 
 (lapiunt). 
 
 encroachment : 1 imminutio 
 
 (only with ref. to a right, privilege, 
 etc.) : V. infringement. 2. much more 
 freq. expr. by verb : by gradual e.s (upon 
 territory), paullatim prolerendo fines, 
 Liv. : / will have no e. upon my pro- 
 vince, *nolo partes nieas praesumi. 
 
 encrust : 1. incnisto, i : to e. (or 
 coat) a nail with plaster, niaceriam 
 tectorio in., Varr. R. K. }, 15: cf Hor. 
 S. I, S, 5; 2. indiico. xi, ctum, j : 
 nails e.'d unth a th in layer of marble. 
 parietes tenui marmore inductae, Sen. 
 Ep. 112, 9. 
 
 encrusted (part, adj.): crustatus: 
 e. walls, c. parietes, Varr. In Non. : cf. 
 Lucan. 10, 114. 
 
 encumber : 1. praegravo, i : 
 
 shields e.'d with missiles (fastened in 
 them), praegravata telis scuta, Liv. : 
 Hor.: V. TO WEIGH DOWN. 2. ouero, 
 V. TO BURDEN. 3. impedlo, 4: their 
 left hands being e.'d, they could not fight 
 to advantage, sinistra impedita, satis 
 commixie pugnare non poterant, Caes. : 
 no fetters e. the delicate feet, im. teneros 
 vincula nulla pedes, Ov. : v. to hinder. 
 Phr.: e.'d with debt (of Gaul), acre 
 alieno oppressa, Cic. Font. \,init.: out- 
 laws and persons e.'d with debt, eKsn\ps, 
 obaerati, Liv. 26, 40, ad fin. : (Tac. has 
 the compar., "quantoquls obaeratior," 
 Ann. 6, 17): e.'d estates, praedia obligata, 
 serva, Cic. Agr. j, 2, 9. 
 
 encumbrance : impedimentum : 
 V. hindrance, burden. Phr.: estates 
 liable to es, praedia quae aliquo moilo 
 serviunt, cf. Cic. Agr. J, 2, 9: v. 10 en- 
 cumber (.''"■) 
 
 encyclical : 'encycllcus, Du Cange: 
 the e. letters, encyclia, orum, Du C, s. v. 
 (In pure Lat., *littrae circa ecclesias 
 [episcopos, etc.1 dimissae.) 
 
 encyclopaedia ; *encycl6paedia : as 
 t. t. only. (Vitr. 6, pref. ^ 4, has " en- 
 cyclics doctrinarum disciplina " to denote 
 the entire circle of the sciences : also 
 enc. disciplina, absol., i, i, 12 : simly, 
 orbis ille doctrinae quam Graeci ty 
 kvkXov TTaiSeiai' vo<ant, yuint. 1, 10, I.) 
 
 encyclopaedic: encyclios, on: V. 
 preced. art. 
 
 end (subs.) : I. Tei-mination : L 
 finis, is, m. : to make an e. of entreat- 
 ing, f. orandi facere, Caes. : to put an 
 e. to a man's life, alicui vitae f. afferre, 
 Cic 2. expr. by extremus: at the 
 e. (during the last part) of the Pelopon- 
 nesian war, extremo Peloponnesio bello, 
 Nep. : at the e. of the year, ex. anno. 
 I.iv. 3. exitus, us: v. close, issue 
 Phr.: (a.) to put an e. to anything 
 (I.) finio, 4: to put an e. to the war, 
 bellum f, Caes. : also absol., hardly had 
 he made an e., vixdum finierat, Ov. (v. 
 to cease) : (2.) temilno, i (rare in 
 this sense) : where my speech began, 
 there let me make an e., nnde est orsa, 
 in eodem termlnetur oratio, Cic. Marc. 
 11, tnit. : C-i.) of a uar, debello, i : he 
 put an e. to the war with the Ferentines 
 by a single victory, cum Ferentinis ano 
 secundo proelio debellavit, Liv. : the 
 war was put to an e. by the first en- 
 gagement, prima acie debellatum est. 
 Liv. : (4.) of a contest, dirlmo, emi 
 emplum, j (strictly to separate : hbd-
 
 K N» 
 
 EN DOW 
 
 ENEMY 
 
 leaving the thing unfinMeU) . to put 
 an e. to a con/efmce, d. culloquium. 
 C^tes. : V. TO intf.krupt. (6.) to amix 
 to an e., finem capio, desino : v. to eni> 
 (B, 11.), and comp. precwt. pbr. (1). (c) 
 M i 8 c e 1 1. : thfre would have bean an e. 
 of our most gloriiius empire, had w>t . . ., 
 actum erat de pulchetrlmn iiiiperio, nisi, 
 etc., Flor. 4, i : / u'os at my wits' e., 
 obstupui, Virg. (v. confoundku, to bk): 
 what is the e. of the stnry, quid fit dc- 
 nique ? Ter. I'hor. i. 2, "ji : listen to the 
 e. of the story, quo evadat, vide, II). 61 : 
 jfrom the beginning to the e., ab ovo usque 
 ad mala, Hur. S. l. J. 6. ||. Fate, ter- 
 mination of life : e.xttus, us : such xvas 
 the e. of h'umenes, Kumencs talem ex. 
 vitae babuit, Nep. : also without vltae, 
 Nep. : Veil.: v. death, fate. |i|. 
 Extreme point or boundary : 1. ex- 
 tremus (usu. in agr. with subs.: L. G. 
 } J41) : at the e.ofa letter, in ex. Uteris, 
 epistola.Clc. (but the word may equally 
 denote the edge, or extreme border) : tlie 
 heaven itself zvhich is the e. and farthest 
 point of the universe, coelum quod ex. 
 atque ultlmum muiidi est, Cic Dlv. 2, 
 4J. 91. 2. cacurneii, Inis, n. (eif(cm« 
 point, of a tapering object) ■ more fully, 
 extremura c. corporis, Lucr. i, 60} : v. 
 extremity. 3. ciiput, itis, n. (esp. 
 of an end forming a hind nf head) : the 
 e.sof the' beatiit were to be covered, nl 
 capita tignorum tegerentur, Caes. B. C. 
 2, 9. init. : he erected tiro toivers at the 
 e. of the mole, duas turres ex c. molis 
 erexit. Curt. 4. 2, fin. |V. -^» o(j;ec( 
 aimed at (Gr. tAos): 1. finis: the 
 e. of that faculty (eloquence) seems to be 
 persuasion, f. ejus facultatis videtur esse 
 persuadere diclioiie, Cic. Inv. i, ;, 6: 
 to this «., ad eum f. ut, etc., Cic. : Quini. 
 2. propdsitura : V. puRrosE. (Finis 
 denotes the legitimate end or scope of 
 anything; '■ illud cujus causa aliquis 
 facere aliquid debet," Cic. Inv. I. c : 
 propositum, merely the purpose of an 
 agent in any jxi ticular case.) 3. 
 exitus, us (rare in this sense) : things 
 which have in view the same e., les in 
 unum ex. spectantes, Cic. de Or. 1 . 20, 92 
 (where the sense of an end aimed at 
 depends chiefly on the verb speciare). 
 4, meta (by meton.) : v. goal. 
 Phr. : to have an e. in view, specto, i : 
 this is the e. whuJi laws liave in view, 
 hoc spectant leges, [hoc volunt], Cic. 
 Off. i, 5, 2J : what is the e. of this speecJt, 
 quorsum haec spectat oratio? Cic. (in 
 which sense quorsum is also found alone 
 (V. whebefoke) : to what e. have 1 for- 
 tune, if I may not use it, quo milii for- 
 tunam, si non conceditur uti .' Hor. ICp. 
 I, 5, 12: t;ic. : their e. is that .... id 
 agunt ut . . . . Cic. (v. to aim. III. K): 
 so that they may attain their e.s, dum 
 quod velint consequantur, Cic. : to no e., 
 Irustra, incassum (v. vajn, in) : to the 
 e. that, (eo) . . . quo, Ut : v. that, ik 
 
 OllUEP. THAT. 
 
 end ("•)•• A, Trans.: 1. finio, 
 4: V. END, subs, (I. Phr.). 2. '^"1'" 
 licio, feci, fectum, } : v. to finish. 3. 
 cl.iiulo, si, sum, ; : V. to olosb, cox- 
 cLfDF.. 4. expr. by finis: to e. a 
 speech, orationi f facere, Cic ; f. dare 
 loquendi, Virg. B. In trans. : |. To 
 termituUe.of length or continuation: 1, 
 desino, ivi and ii, itum, { : to e. in (Jilie 
 tail of) a fish, in piscem d., Hor. A. P. 
 4 (simly Virg. of Triton, in pristin d., 
 A. 10. 21 1) : to e. in a point (of a cone), 
 in cacuniinis finem d., Ptin. 2. finior, 
 4; a noun e.ing in the letters o or n, 
 nomen quod o et n Uteris finiretur, 
 Quint. 1, 5, 60: to e. with verbs (of 
 sentences), verbis finiri, Cic. de Or. j, 49, 
 191 • 3. exco, 4, i»T. : to e. in certain 
 letters, in qua^am litteras ex., Quint. 
 I. c, (who lias also terniinari in same 
 sense). Phr. : to e.in a conical point. 
 In metae cacumen se contrahere, Plin. 
 II, To cease, come to an end : 1, 
 finio, 4 (by ellipsis of object) : / was 
 about to e., finiturus erani, Ov. A. A. i, 
 7?5 (not to be imitated in prose). 2 
 expr. by finis: the civil icais seemed to 
 be c'd, civiliaarma cepisse t, videbantur, 
 
 Tac. H. 4, J. 3. desino, j: v. to 
 CEASE. III. To turn out : cedo, ssi, 
 .ssum, J : to e. well or ill, prospere. male 
 c. : V. to tl'BN ol"T (intrans.). Pbr.; / 
 had my fears how it ivoulii e., verebar 
 quorsum evaderet, Ter. : alt's nell that 
 ej leeil, e.xltus acta probat (=abeventu 
 facta notanda, success the test of ac- 
 tions), Ov. Her. 2, 85 (see the plaoO. 
 
 endanger : 1. expr. by perictt- 
 lum, distrlmen, with voco, .idduco, mitto, 
 etc. : i)ie safety of your allies is in tlie 
 highest degree e.d, salas soeioruni in 
 summiim periculum ac discrimen voon- 
 tur, Cic. Manil. 5, 12 : simly, adducta 
 est res In maximum periculum et ex- 
 tremum paene discrimen. Cic. PhiL 1, 1, 
 1 : imprudently to e. oneself, Inconsul- 
 to se in p. mittere, Auct Her. 5, 8 ; 
 simly, committere se periculo mortis, 
 adire periculum [mortis], in periculum 
 venire, Cic: v. danger. 2. P*"- 
 clitor, I : v. TO RISK. 
 
 endear : expr. by caritas, earns, and 
 a verb : blood connexion e.s men to each 
 other, sanguinis connexlo benevolentia 
 devincit homines et carltate, Cic Off. 1, 
 17, 54: who IS specially e.'d to me by 
 hU affection for me, quem quia nos 
 dlligit, in primls carum habemus, Cic. 
 Fam. I, 7, fin.: all these Ihinijs e. him 
 to me, "haec omnia ilium nobis carum 
 [ac dilectum] reddunt. For perf. part. 
 carus may be used alone : than whom 
 there lives not another mare e.'d to me, 
 quo non superat mihi carior alter, Virg. 
 V. to attach (III.). 
 
 endearing iadj.) .- perh. suavi8,dul- 
 
 CiS: V. SW EKT. 
 
 endearment: nsu. in piur., blan- 
 ditiae, arum ; blandimenta, amplexus : 
 V. CARESS. To use terms and acts ofe., 
 blandiri : v. to coax, fondle. 
 
 endeavour (.v.): 1. conor, i: 
 the cavalry e. to break into the camp, 
 cquites in castra irrumpere c, Caes. : v. 
 to attempt. 2. nUor, cnitor (the 
 latler strengthened from ihe lormer) : 
 to e. with all their efforts that . . . not, 
 summa ope nlti ne, Sail. : Cic. : v. to 
 STRIVE. 3, contendo, }: ^- TO exert 
 oneself. 
 
 endeavour (.subs.): conatus, us; 
 conatum (esp. in pi.) : v. attemi'T. 
 I'lir. : to use one's utmost e.s, dare 
 operam ut (ne). Sail.: Cic: I must use 
 my utmost e.s, omnibus nervis mlhi con- 
 tendendum est, Cic. Verr. }, 56, no; 
 simly, omnes nervos aelatis industriae- 
 que contendere, ib. 1,12, jj. See also 
 effort. 
 
 ending (««''«•)•■ e-^i'us, us: v. ter- 
 mination. 
 
 endive : 1- clchOrcum, Hor. : 
 
 also cichorium (siitivum), Plin. (C. en- 
 divia, Linn.). 2. intubus or intubum 
 (chicory) : Plin. 
 
 endless: 1. infinltus: v. infi- 
 nite. 2. sempiternus, perpetuus: v. 
 rKKi'ETn.\L, everlasting. 
 
 endlessly: sine fine, perpgtuo: v. 
 
 rKKrKTUALLY. 
 
 endorse: (?) *chirograpbum atergo 
 [pusteriure parte] inscribo. 
 
 endorsement : *nomen a tergo 
 [posteriore parte] chirograph! inscrlp- 
 turn. 
 
 endow: I. To famish with: 1. 
 doiio, I (with ace. and abl. or dat. and 
 ace.) : V. TO BESTOW. 2. instruo, xi, 
 ctura, } (with ace. and abl.) : f.-^p. in p. 
 jmrt.: e.'d I'ith some heavenly gifts, 
 divinis quibusdam bonis instructus at- 
 que omatus, Cic Coel. 17, 59: some- 
 what meagrely e.'d by nature, angus- 
 tius instructus a iiatura, Cic. 3. 
 locupleto, I : V. TO FJiRicH. 4. aWo, 
 I (of the e.vpress act of a deity: lit. to 
 breath upon, inspire): to e. any mie 
 with graces, alicui honores af., Virg.: 
 to be e.'d leith an inspiration from on 
 high, (quasi) divino spiritu afflarl, Cic 
 Arch. 8, i8. ||. To give adowry to: 
 .loto. I (rare): Suet. Vesp. i3 (better 
 dotem dure : v. dow rv). |||. To settle 
 property permanaitly upon ■ propricta- 
 tem agri, etc., dono dare. Ulp. (in K. 
 and A.), to e. a churclt. •ecclesiae re- 
 
 ditus (praedii, etc.) in perpetuum relln- 
 quere, cf. Just. Inst, j, 28, /n. : (o 
 found and e. an almshouse, *ptochotru- 
 pbium ex suls bonis condcre, ulemqne 
 reditlbus (praedii, etc.) tesUiniento io 
 [M.-r|ietuum doiiare atque instrui-re. 
 endowed • !•• P^a^l'tus twith 
 
 abl.) : e. with such ..« (admirable) dit- 
 
 position, tali Ingeniu pr., Ter. : Cic 
 
 2. instructus [atque ornatus]: v. 
 
 TO ENDOW (I. 2). 
 
 endowment: I. if'* act of en- 
 
 dti'iii'i: 'Xpi. by yer., etc of verb: v. 
 TO EMiijw. II, .\atural gift, if f'tly 
 or mind: dos, dotls, /. : to advantnij-i 
 of person add the es of mind, iiigiiu 
 dotes corporis adde bonis, Ov. : Ute e.s 
 oj nature and fortune, naturae fortu- 
 naeque dotes, I'lln. Kp. : cf. Cic de Or. 
 1.55. 2)4 : " eam [artem] verborum iluie 
 locupletasll et oniasli." Phr.: with 
 tliese ej, cum bac indole [virtutum at- 
 que vltiorum], Liv. 2i, ;, fin.: v. gift, 
 TA LENT. Ill, A pecu n iary settlement : 
 
 perh. donatio (applicable to any gift of 
 property) : v. gift. Or expr. by circumL, 
 that school is in possessiim oJ an «., "ei 
 scholae nonnihil pecuniae qiiotamiis ex 
 testamento redit : v. t<j f_nu<j» (IIL). 
 
 endue ; v. enwjw. 
 
 endurable: toierabiiis. quod toler- 
 ari potest : v. tolerable ; to en- 
 dure. 
 
 endurance : I. ^'< fujbit qf en- 
 during : 1. pStlentia (tor syn. v. to 
 ENDDHE): e. of hunger and cold, p. 
 tamis et frigori.s Cic: e. of mind and 
 body, p. animi et corporis, Cic. : v. j-a- 
 tience, forkkarance. 2. lolerantia 
 (= preced.) ; e. of pain. t. d.iloris, i^uint. 
 Possessing the power of e., p&tiens (with 
 gen.). Sail. ||, The act of en/luring: 
 1, expr. by ger. of verbs under to 
 ENT)t'UE: concerning tlie e. of j>aiii [In 
 whatsoever way], de patieudu dolure, 
 Cic. Join: ad patienduni lolerandura- 
 que [difficilis], Cic. 2. toleraiio (;/b/- 
 tiiig up with, as u-ith n hat is nut intole- 
 rable) ; Cic Fin. 2, 29. 94 3. per- 
 pessio (to the end) : voluntary and 
 protracted e., p. voluntaria ac dlutunia, 
 Cic Inv. 2, 54, l6j : resolute e. if tor- 
 ture, fortis atque obstinata tormentnrum 
 p.. Sen. 
 
 endure: A. Trans.: 1. pat- 
 ior, passus, j (to submit to. ha<x to en- 
 dure, in uliatsoerer imy : foil, by eiilier 
 ace. alone or with infin., whereas tha 
 remaining syn. take only an ace. in 
 prose): to e. even/ hind of cruelly, 
 omnia saeva p., SaU. Jug. 14, mai. : to 
 e. pain jKitiently, dolorem loleranler p.. 
 Cic Tu^c. 2, 18, 4?. Join: omnia pjll 
 et perlerre, Caes. : v. to stFFKK. 2. 
 perpetior, pessus, j (to e. to the end ; e. 
 patiently) : bold to e. all things, audax 
 omnia perpetl, Hor. / could dicerfully 
 e. anything, quidvis perp. possem, I'er. 
 
 3, ffiro, stronger perfSro. }. <'t. (to 
 e. i?» o manly spirit): v. to hkab (II.). 
 
 4, tOI6ro, 1 (to put up with, e. evU 
 withoiit being overcome by it): cheer- 
 fully to e. hardshijis. labores facile t-. 
 Sail Cat. 10 : to e. thirst and heM. silim 
 aestumque t., Tac. G. 4. 5. su>tineo, 
 
 2 • V. TfJ SUPKIBT, INOERijO. 6. '^^- 
 
 haurio, si, stum, 4 (fig): to e. nant- 
 ships, labores ex., Liv. 21. 2i. m>^ 
 Phr.: he cannot e. to marry, albortvl 
 a nuptiis. a re uxoria, Tei. : he vows he 
 can't e. to stay with you. sancie ailjiirat 
 non posse apud vos se perdurart-, ler. 
 Hec2, 2. 27- B. Inirans.; tocon- 
 tinue : 1. duro, stronger perdur«. I : 
 V. TO i.Asr. 2. miineo. i>ermaneo. 2 : 
 
 V. TO REMAIN. 1 J 
 
 enduring, capable of: 1. P*" 
 
 tiens, tub (With gen.): .sail.: >lrg. . 
 Tac' 2 tOleraiis, mis (, same O'lislr.)- 
 Tac! Incapable if «., impalieiu>, ntis, 
 Virg. : Suet. . 
 
 enduring ("''j"! : |. .f f "< »/ 
 eniiHriHi/ : V. preci-d. art. ||. I.iuting : 
 pereiiiiis, perpetuus, mansOrus : v. i>l-B- 
 
 ABLK, AlllDING. 
 
 enemy : 1. ^ostis, is, c. (pubbe; 
 i. e. of the state) : the senate adjudgel 
 Cat^ine and JlatUitts «, scnatus Cati- 
 1.55
 
 ENERGETIC 
 
 ENFEEBLE 
 
 ETTG AGE 
 
 linain et Manlium hostes judical, Sail. 
 Cat. }6 : a fair and lauful e. (i. e. one 
 declared to be such according to interva- 
 tionai, laui), jusius et legitiraus h., Cic. 
 0£f. J, 29, Jin. : in military language 
 the plur. is generally used of troops : he 
 set out for the camp of the e., ad castra 
 hostium (not hostls) profectus, Liv. 21, 
 46, et pissim. But the sing, may be 
 used of the men as individual comba- 
 tants or coUectivtly (cf L. G. $ 590) : 
 mistake not either the nature of the uar 
 or your e., ne genus belli, neve hostem 
 Ignoretls, Liv. 21, 40: to bear to look 
 the e. in the face, aspectum hostis susti- 
 nere. Curt. Instead of the ge7i. the adjj. 
 hostilis, hosticus may sometimes be 
 used : tlie fear of the e., metus hostilis. 
 Sail. Jug. 41, init. : the threats of the e., 
 mlnae hostiles, Tac. : cf. Cic. Off. ?, 29, 
 108 : " conditiones pactionesque bellicas 
 et hostiles : " the territory of the e., ager 
 hosticus, Liv. : Hor. F\g.: the married 
 lady is an e. to the mistress, nupta me- 
 retrici hostls est, Ter. 2. inlmicus,/. 
 {a personal foe): to have a quarrel 
 with a personal e., cum in. concertare, 
 Cic. : to be one's own enemy, ipsi sibi in. 
 esse, Cic. : a very bitter e. to, inimicis- 
 simus with dot. ; v. hostile. The cha- 
 racter of iniraicus and hostis may be 
 united, sibi esse inimicuni et hostem, 
 Cic. Fin. 5, lo, 29: simly, [he hostis may 
 be at the same time inimicus ! thus Cic. 
 calls Antony reipublicae bonisque om- 
 nibus Inimicus, Phil. 12, 9, 2j. 3. in 
 antiquated language, perduellis, is, m. : 
 cf. Cic. Off. 1,12, init. 4. adversarius 
 (in Cic. an opponent, q. v.) : to be sur- 
 rounded by the superior numbers of the 
 e., multitudiiieadversariorum circumiri, 
 Nep. Dat. 6 : Curt. : Suet. P h r. : to be 
 an e. to peace, abhorrere a pace, Caes. 
 (v. AVERSE, TO BE) : a bitter e. to, infest- 
 118 atque inimicus (v. hostile): they 
 tvere old-standing (personal) e.s of 
 Caesar's, veteres inimiciiiascum Caesare 
 gerebant, Caes. B. C. 1,4 such an e. to 
 the Muses, tarn aversus a Musis, Cic. 
 Arch. 9, 20. 
 
 energetic : 1. acer, cris, ere : did 
 you ever read of one more e. in action 
 than Caesar, ecquem Caesare acriorem 
 in rebus gerendis legist! ? Coel. in Cic: 
 a brave and e. man, vlr fortis et acris 
 animi [magnique], Cic: to adopt more 
 e. measures to save himself, acrioribus 
 remediis saluti suae subvenire, Cic. CI. 
 24, 67 : V. ACTIVE, VIGOROUS. 2. stre- 
 nuus (busy, active, vigorous) : do not 
 think me so e. as to hasten back by 
 the Nones, noli me tam s. putare, ut ad 
 Nonas recurram, Hirt. in Cic. Att. i;, 
 6 : resolute in action and e. in war, 
 manu fortis et hello s., Nep. : Cic. 3. 
 impiger, gra, grum : v. active. 4. 
 promptus (prompt, ikcisive in action) ; 
 e. in actum, manu promptus. Sail. 
 Join: promptissimus homo et e.'ipe- 
 riens, Cic. Verr. 4, 17, J7. 5. vghe- 
 mens, utis (acting or acted with energy, 
 sometimes in bad sense : v. violent) : 
 o spirited and e. appeal (to a jury), acris 
 et V. incitatio, Cic. : v. vehement, for- 
 cible. 6. nervosus (lit. sinewy : of 
 style): Cic: v. vigorous. Phr.: there 
 is need of e. action, opus est mature 
 facto. Sail. : vei-y e. speaking, ilia summa 
 Vis et contentio (dicendi), Cic. de Or. i, 
 60, 255. 
 
 energetically : acriter, strenue, im- 
 pigre, vehementer (for syn. v. preced. 
 art.) : v. ACTrvELT, vigorously. P h r. • 
 to speak very e., vehementissima (max- 
 ima, summa) contentione virium dicere, 
 Cic. de Or. },l, 5. 
 
 energy: 1. vis, vim, vi, /..- 
 
 quickened e. of soul, vivida v. animi, 
 Lucr. I, 7J: v. fouce, vigour. 2. 
 
 virtus, utis, /. (including all forms of 
 manly worth and pouer) : e. of mind, 
 v. animi. Sail. Cat. 1, 2, etc. 3. ve- 
 hfimentia : v. violence, vehemence. 
 4. impetus, tis (with reference to 
 what may be done by a rush, at a heat): 
 no e. or force (in speech), nee ullus im. 
 nee vis, Cic. Or. 68, 229 : v. nipETn- 
 osiiT, FiBE (fig.). 5. contentio (of 
 256 
 
 effort prut forth in speaking) : to speak 
 with greater e., vocis c. majore uti, Cic. : 
 and comp. enekgetic (Jin.). P h r. : 
 a man of e., vir acer, strenuus, etc. 
 (v. energetic) : uritk e., acriter, strenue, 
 
 etc. : V. EN'ERGETICALLY. 
 
 enervate ; 1, enervo, i (in Cic, 
 to deprive of strength, as e. g. old age 
 does. Sen. 10, J2) : to e. the body and 
 mind (of the luxury of Capua), e. corpora 
 animosque, Liv. 2j, 18, nied. ; Ov.: Hor. 
 Join: ener\'are atque remoUire artus, 
 Ov. M. 4, 286. (But Cic. often uses the 
 p. part, enervatus in sense of enervated, 
 emasculated : v. foil, art.) 2. emolUo, 
 4 (which also occurs in good sense : v. 
 TO SOFTEN) : fearing that the excessive 
 pleasantness of the city should e. his 
 army also, metuens ne suum quoque 
 exercitum nimia urbis amoenitas emol- 
 liret, Liv. 27, j: Tac A. 11. 3. 
 
 moUio, 4 (oftener in good sense) : they 
 (poets) e. our minds, moUlunt nostros 
 animos, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 (where the 
 ref. is to present weak feeling rather 
 tlian permanent enervation). Join: 
 animos virorum moUire et frangere, 
 Plin. Jun. 4. frango, fregi, fractum, 
 J : that soft education tUterly e.s both 
 mind and body, mollis ilia educatio 
 iiervos onines et mentis et corporis f., 
 Quint. I, 2, 6: cf. supr. (3). 5. de- 
 bilito, I : V. to enfeeble. P h r. : ut- 
 terly to e. (men), nervos omnes virtutis 
 elidere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27. 
 
 enervated : 1. enervatus : an e. 
 and effeminate opinion, e. muliebrisque 
 sententia, Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 15 (elsewhere 
 enervatus is used by Cic. for destitute of 
 strength or vigour, cf. Sest. 10, 24 : de Or. 
 I, 52, 226). 2. enervis, e (not in Cic.) : 
 v. NERVELESS. 3. elumbis, e (rare) : 
 effeminate and e. (in style), fractus et 
 e., Dial. Or. i8,^?!. 4. marcens, ntis; 
 marcidus (prop, drooping, u-ithered ; 
 late) : e. by sleep or wanton vigils, 
 snmno aut libidinosis vigiliis marcidus, 
 Tac. A. 6, 4 : e. rcith daily excess, quo- 
 tidiana luxuria marcens. Just. : Sen. 
 See also effeminate; and foil, art 
 
 enervated, to be or become : 1. 
 
 marceo, 2 ; incept, marcesco, } : they 
 are e. by the luxury of Capua, marcere 
 Campana luxuria, Liv. 2j, 4; : to be cor- 
 rupted and e. by repose and inactivity, 
 otio ac desidia corruptos marcere. Just. 
 io, I: Tac. 2. expr. by pass, of 
 enervo, frango, etc. : v. to enervate. 
 Phr. : to be e. by enjoyment, voluptate 
 liquescere et fluere mollitia, Cic. 
 
 enervating (adj.) .- 1. expr. by 
 
 verb : nothing is mare e. tlian .... 
 *nihil magis animos hominum emollit, 
 enervat, etc. : v. to enervate. 2. 
 perh. mollis : a more effeminate and e. 
 theory, delicatior moUiorque ratio, Cic. 
 Fin. 5, 5, 12; e. idleness, m. desidiae, 
 Claud. 3. languifTcus (v. rare) : e. 
 Leo (summer heat), 1. Leo, Aus. 4. 
 marcidus: peace e. vnth luxury, mar'- 
 cida luxu otia, Claud. Hon. j, 40 : cf. 
 Tac. Ger. j6: "nimiam ac marcentem 
 pacem nutrierunt." 5. enervis, e : 
 an e. poison (which unmans), e. virus, 
 Pnid. 
 
 enervation : 1. languor : cf. Cic. 
 Off. J, I, init. : "res quae languore^n af- 
 ferunt ceteris, otium et solitudo : " v. 
 LANGUOR. 2, debilitatio: v. enfee- 
 
 BLEMENT. 
 
 enfeeble : 1. expr. by compar. of 
 adj. and facio, reddo : that (old age) e.s 
 the body, quod corpus faciat infirmius, 
 Cic. Sen. 5, 15 : v. feeble. 2. debi- 
 lito, I : terror e.s the limbs, terror mem- 
 bra d., Hirt. : but the word is stronger 
 than the Eng., meaning to reduce to a 
 state of powerlessness : cf. Cic. Marc, j, 8 : 
 " nulla est tanta vis quae non ferro ac 
 viribus debilitari franglque possit : " 
 (fortune) ijshe has not extinguislied (my 
 powers) has yet greatly e.d them, ui non 
 extinxerit, debilitavit tamen, Quint, 
 proem, lib. 6, 15. 3. inSrmo, i: v. to 
 WEAKEN. 4. enervo, t : old age has 
 not altogether e.d or pnostrated me, non 
 plane me enervavit nee afflixit seneclus, 
 Cic Sen. 10, jl. 6. labfifacto, i • v. 
 
 to shake, UNDERMINE. Phr.: to be- 
 come e.d with age, consenescere atque 
 deficere, Cic. Sen. 9, 29 : / am afraid 
 the orator must be e.d by old age, orator, 
 metuo, ne languescat senectute, Cic. 
 Sen. 9, 28. 
 
 enfeebled (part. adj.)-. \, de- 
 bilis; the body becomes e., d. fit corpus, 
 Lucr. : e. by years, annis et senecta d., 
 I'baedr. Fig.: his praetorship would 
 be maimed and e., mancam et d. prae- 
 turam suam futuram, Cic. Mil. 9, 25 ; v. 
 disabled. 2. debilltatus : e. by a 
 wound, d. vulnere. Curt. : unnerved and 
 e., (urbs) soluta ac d., Cic. Agr. 2, ji, 
 gi : Nep. 3. effetus : v. exhausted, 
 EFFETE. 4. defectus [annis], deseri- 
 us viribus, Phaedr. i, 21. Phr.: the 
 memory becomes e., memoria minuitur, 
 Cic. : memoria labat, Liv. : the sight be- 
 comes e., hebescunt oculi. Suet. 
 
 enfeeblement : 1. defectio vi- 
 rium, Cic. Sen. 9, 29. 2. infirmitas, 
 debilitas: v. weakness. 3. expr. 
 by verb : to cause the e. of mind and 
 body, enervare vires animi, etc. : v. to 
 enfeeble, enervate. 
 
 enfeoff: lem (agrum, praedium) in 
 feudum do. Lib. Feud, i, i ; also in- 
 feudo, I : v. Du C. s. v. 
 
 enfeoffinent: infeudatio (=praedii 
 in feudum collatio, Du C. s. v.). 
 
 enforce: I. 'i'o give force to: 
 
 1. exerceo, i: to be e.d without de- 
 lay (of a law), conlestim exerceri [et 
 tantam vim habere], Liv. 4, 51 (where 
 the opp. sense, not lo be e.d, is expr. by 
 irritam jacere) : v. to carry out. 2. 
 exsgquor, }: v. to carry out. Phr. 
 he not only carried the law, but saw that 
 it ivas e.d, iieque banc tantum ferendam 
 (legem) curavit, sed etiam ut valeret 
 effecit, Nep. 3, i : he ordered lite herald 
 to require the liclor to e. the law (by the 
 punishment of death), praeconi impera- 
 vit, ut lictorem lege agcre Juberet, Liv. 
 26, 15, med. (lege agere is also the usu. 
 terra for to avail oneself of the law, 
 Cic.) : the duty of e.ing the sentence of 
 the lau\ poenae capiendae ministerium, 
 Liv. 2, 5, med. ||. Of arguments, to 
 render more weighty : confirmo, i : to e. 
 our own side by arguments, nostra ar- 
 gumentis c, Cic. : v. to prove, suf- 
 
 rORT. 
 
 enforcement: e-^pr- by verb: v. 
 preced. an. 
 
 enfrancMse : i. e. to bestow the 
 
 franchise upoti : exp. bj' civitas: civi- 
 t«tem alicui dare, impertiri; civitate 
 aliquem donare, etc ; v. franchise. 
 If the ret. is ty the right of voting only, 
 suffragium dare, impertiri, Liv. : v. 
 suffrage. 
 enfranchised : civitate (suffragio) 
 
 donatus : v. preced. art. 
 
 enfranchisement: civitatis dona- 
 tio, Cic Bui usu. civitas is sufficient: 
 lie sought e. there (at Heraclea). adscribi 
 se in earn c. voluit, Cic. Arch. 4, 6: 
 what reason is tltere to doubt his e., quid 
 est quod de ejus c dubitetis, ib. 5, 10 ; 
 he held out to the whoU of Italy the 
 hope of e., poUicitus toti Italiae civita- 
 tem. Veil. 2, 2; Drusus purposed thee, 
 of Italy, conversus Drusi animus ad 
 dandam italiae civitatem. Veil. 2, 14: nor 
 did they receive e., neque in civitatis jus 
 recipi. Veil. 2, 15. For enfranchisement 
 = manumissir/n, see the latter word. 
 
 engage: A. Trans.. |. 7b 
 
 make liable legally : obligo, obstringo : 
 v. TO BIND, PLEDGE. ||, To promise 
 one's company : Phr.: toe. oneself to din- 
 ner, ad coenam promittere, PI. : in which 
 sense Cic. has promitto ubsol., de Or. 
 2, 7, 27 ; ad coenam coiidicere, PI. ; also 
 absol., having e.d himself to me, quum 
 mihi condixisset, Cic. Fam. i, 9, 7. |||. 
 To hire : condiico, j : v. to hire. |V 
 To inmlve in an undertaliing : impSdio, 
 implico : v. to in\ olve. V. 'J'" "At- 
 tract : P h r. : to e. the attention of all, 
 omnium oculos in se convertere : v. at- 
 tention (I. Phr.). VI. ^0 occupy: 
 Phr.: to e. a person in conversation, 
 sermonem cum aliquo instituere, Cic 
 de Or. 2, 7J, 296 ; cum aliquo sermonem
 
 ENGAGED 
 
 ENGINEERING 
 
 ENHANCE 
 
 occipere (al. incipere), Ter. Eun. 4, 
 I, 8: more precisely, •aliquem ser- 
 mone occupatum tenere. B. I n • 
 trans.: |. To join battle, with: 
 
 1. confligo, xi, clum, i (usu. with 
 frep. cum and alil.) : he e.d in battle 
 with him at Zama, ciim eodem apud 
 Zamam conflixit, Nep. : IJv. : ('Ic. (the 
 latter has also manu, annis confligere, 
 where the context requires closer defi- 
 nition, cf. Off. I, 2}, 81: " temere in 
 »cie versari ct manu cum hoste confli- 
 gere "). 2. congrgdior, gressus, j 
 (also with cum) : that he might e. in 
 bailie with him in greater strength, quo 
 (cum eo) valentior congrederetur, N<-p. 
 Hann. 6: also conRredi praelio, Caes. ; 
 acie, Tac. 3. dimico, i : v. kngagk- 
 MENT. Phr. : tlui (iauls e.d in battle 
 with Fonteius, Galli cum Fontelo fer- 
 rum ac mauuni contulerunt, Cic. : lo e. 
 at close quarters, piignam conserere, 
 Llv. II. To fromise, undertake : \, 
 rficlpio, cepi, ceptum, j (implying that 
 the person so doing takes the full re- 
 sponsibility upon himself: often with 
 in and ace. of pron. refl.) : I promise 
 and e. that he will prove, etc., promitto 
 inque me recipio, fore eum, eic, Cic. 
 Fam. I !, 10, ad fin. : J promise, e., and 
 undertake that, 'etc., promitto, recipio, 
 spondee fore, etc., Cic. ITiil. 5, 18, fni.: 
 also with ad : / e. he shall do it, ad me 
 recipio, faciei, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 12. 2. 
 spondeo, spGpondi, sponsum, 2 (prop, 
 only of a legal engagement) : the con- 
 suls, ambassadors, qttaestnrs, ejd (that 
 the treaty should be fulfilled) : spopon- 
 derunt a-nsules, legati, quaestores, Liv. 
 9,5: also in non-legal sense, / w/i e., 
 or rather do e. and undertake, spondebo, 
 vel potius spondeo inque me recipio, 
 Cia Kam. ij, i"}, Jin. : and conip. supr. : 
 Plin. jun. has ego nica fide spondeo, i, 
 14, fin. 3. stfpulor, I (of a formal 
 engagement, by question and answer, 
 and strictly used of the interrogator, as 
 spondeo was used of the answerer. Cell. 
 4, 4) : mutually lo e., invicem de se St., 
 Paul. Dig. 19, 2, 54, j 1 : cf. lb. 45, i, J5. 
 
 4. compromitto, misi, .';siim, } (of 
 ttvo parties vho e. to abide by a 
 decision) : the candidates have (form- 
 ally) e.d to conduct their canvass ac- 
 cording to his discretion, candidaii 
 compromiserunt, petere ejus arhitra- 
 tu, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, i;,_/in. : v. to promise. 
 
 Ill, To e. in ; to enter upon : 1. 
 ingrCdior, gressns, i: to e. in a viar, in 
 bellura ing., Cic. : v. to enter upon. 
 
 2. susclpio, cepi. ceptum, } : v. to 
 cndektake. 3, 6beo. 4, irr. : to e. 
 in wars, bella ob., Liv. : to e. in agri- 
 cultural opercUums, rusticum opus ob., 
 CoL Phr.: to e. in conversation, dare 
 se In sermonem, sermonem cum aliquo 
 conferre, Cic. : v. conversation. 
 
 engaged (^jwl. adj ) : |. Taken 
 up with business : 1. occiipatus : 
 while he was e. ivith othei- matters, duni 
 is in aliis rebus erat oc , Cic. Rose. Am 
 J2, 91 : the election days keep me closely 
 e., comitlorum dies me occupatiorem 
 habebant. Cod. in Cic. 8, 4 : to be e. to 
 any one (so as not to be a,ble to give him 
 attention), a\icm oc. esse, Cic. Sen. 10, 
 J2. 2. impf (titus (taken up witli. and 
 hampered by other things): Join: 
 occupatus impcditusque, Cic. : v. em- 
 barrassed. 3. distentus (opera). 
 Quint.: v. dwuacted. Phr.: to be e. 
 in or with: (1.) 6peram do, i, irr.: 
 to be e. -irith one's fiends (esp. with 
 their legal business), amicis (clii ntibus) 
 op. dare, Ter. Ad. 4, i, 16. I'l.: (2.) 
 pxpr. by nggotium ((ir. auxoKia, vaiit 
 oj leisure) : though 1 am e., quanqiiam 
 n. est (sc. mihi), I'l. Merc. 2, 2, 16: to 
 be s. in some important business, aliquo 
 m^ore n, detiiieri, Auct. Her. 5, 24, 40: 
 (3.) v^co, I (lit. to have leisure for: 
 hence of giving attention to literature, 
 etc. : not in this latter sense In Cic.) : 
 uift«n mi a journey, he iras e. in this 
 (study) only'in itinere huic uni vacabat, 
 Plin. Ep. J. 5, 15: Tac. : (4.) 6p«ror, i 
 (esp. of religious or ceremonial acts): 
 tobe e. in sacred rites, sacris operatum 
 
 esse, Liv. i, }i. fin.: e. in felling tim- 
 ber, caedendis materiis operatus (miles), 
 Tac. H. s. lo : Plin. (N.B.— The verb 
 operor is most freq. useil iu perf. part.) 
 II. In marriage : sponsus, pactus : 
 
 V. BtTlt(iTHKl). 
 
 engagement : I. ^ piidied battle .- 
 piigna, proelium, dimlcatio : v. battle. 
 Phr.: to come to an e. with : (1.) di- 
 mico, I (usu. with cum and abl.): when 
 I'ostumius came to an e. with ilamilius 
 of Tusculum, quum Postumlus cum 
 Maniilio Tusculano proello dimicaret, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6 : also, acie d. cum 
 hoste, Llv. ; armis d.. Nep. : v. to fight. 
 (2.) confligo, xi, ctum, j : v. to ekgage 
 (B, I.): to renew tlie e., pugnam, proe- 
 lium redintegrare, Caes. ||. An agree- 
 ment, undertaking : 1, sponsio (of 
 o formal or legal nature) : the e. of a 
 religious vow, voti s. qua obligamur 
 Deo, Cic. I/Cg. 2, 16, 41. (Ace. to Paul. 
 Dig. 50, 16, ■;, the term sponsio include<l 
 all kinds of binding promises : " omnis 
 stipulatio proniissioque ") 2. stipu- 
 latio (a mutual engagement, by questi'in 
 andansuer: Pomp. Dig. 45, i, 5} i): 
 to bind a man by a formal e., aliquem 
 stipulatione alllgare, Cic. K. Com. 12, 
 j6. 3. pactum, pactio: v. agree- 
 ment. 4. compromissum (a mutual 
 e. to abide by arbitration) : Join: 
 compromisso et jurejurando (impediri), 
 Cic. Fam. 12, }o, ad fin. Phr.: to 
 enter into an «., fidem dare, Cic. : to 
 keep an e., fideni servare, praestare : v. 
 to promise : he was under an e. to give, 
 etc., pactus erat se daturum, etc.: v. to 
 agree. Ill, A promise to visit : expr. 
 by verb: he had an e. to his brother's 
 (to dinner), promiserat ad fratrem, Cic. : 
 V. TO ENGAGE (A, II.). |V. F(rrmal 
 promise to marry : pactio nuptialis : v. 
 BETKOTHAI-. V. Business: 1. oc- 
 cupatio : to be engrossed by very press- 
 ing e.s, maxinils occ. distineri, Cic. 
 Fam. 12, }o,med.: time snatched from 
 most pressing e.s, tempus ereptum e 
 sunimis oc., Cic. 2. nfigotium: v. 
 
 BUSINESS. 
 
 engaging (adj.): l. blandus (of 
 pleasant, winning conversation) : v. 
 
 WINNING, AFFABLE. 2. ICpiduS (eM.Sy 
 
 and graceful) : an e. girl, 1. puella, Ter. 
 Heaut. 5, 5, 16: e. manners, 1. mores, 
 
 Pi.: V. PLEASANT. 3. SUBvis, 6: V. 
 
 DELIGHTFUL. 4. amabilis, e : v. 
 
 LOVELV. 5. cupidineus (V. rare) : Mart, 
 engagingly : suaviter, Igplde, ania- 
 biliier: v. charmingly. 
 
 engender: pirio, gigno: v. to be- 
 get, PRODUCE. 
 
 engine : 1. miichina : to capture 
 a town by means of e.s of all kinds, 
 niacliinis omnium generum expugnare 
 oppidura, Sail.: Hor. (who applies the 
 term to u-indlasses, Od. i, 4, 2) : Veget. 
 2. macWnatio: (strictlj- the act of 
 contrivance or construction : hence usu- 
 ally with the notion of activity, force 
 applied) : to advance e.s of such enorm- 
 ous height, tantae altitudlnis machina- 
 ilones promo vere, Caes. B. G. 2, Ji : 
 Liv. Vitr. 3. miichinamentuni : e.s 
 for battering walls, m. quatiendis pa- 
 rietibus, Liv. 24, 54, med. : V^eget. 4. 
 tormentum (a military e. for discharg- 
 ing heavy missiles) : e.s and works of war, 
 t. bellica atque opera, Liv. 24, J4 : to 
 arm a nail v>ith every hind of offmsive 
 e., murum omni genere tormentorum 
 iiistruere, Liv. 1. c. ; Oies. 5. orga- 
 num (opyai'of. rare): Vitr. 10, 10(15), 
 init. N.B. — For various kinds of siege 
 engines, see Liv. 1. c. and Veget 4, 
 I ;, sqq. 
 
 engineer : 1. inventor ac machi- 
 iiiitor bellicorum tormentorum operum- 
 que (Archimedes), Liv. 24, J4, init. 
 2. archllectus (the most compre- 
 hensive term) : comp. Vitr. 10, 16 (22), 
 J- 3. (?) faber, bri (any worker 
 
 in wood or metal) : cf. Vitr. 10, i }, 2. 
 4. •viarum publicorumque operum 
 curator: cf. Vitr. \o, pref. 
 
 engineering (subs.) .• 1. machi- 
 
 nalis scientia (mechanics), Plin. 7, J7. 
 
 J8 (= maclunatlo, Vitr. 1, j, init.). 
 
 S 
 
 2, archltectiira : which Includes cin] 
 and military e., cf. Vitr. i, j. 3. 
 military e., *ca£tramelatio (aiB castn 
 metandi), Stewech. ad V'^get. 
 
 England: Anglia. Miiu Lit 
 
 English : 1. Angllcus : B. thipt, 
 A. navi-.-, Milt LiL 2. Angllcanus 
 (beUmffing to the Evgliih) : the E. senaU 
 and people, senatus [>opulusque Angli 
 canus, Milt. Lit. 3. BriLannicus (i.e 
 British): Cic. Phr.; in plain £., 
 sine fuco et fallaciis, Cic. Att. i, i, 
 init.; ut aperte dicam (parenibeti- 
 cally), cf. Cla Verr. i, 7, 18; missis am- 
 bagibus (to cut a long ilory siiort), Hor. 
 S. 2, 5. 9- 
 
 Englishman: Angius, Milt. Def. 
 
 engorge : vOro, dgvOro, i : v. to 
 
 SHALLOW . 
 
 engraft: Insfiro, eSvi, situm, }-. v. 
 
 TO GKAIT. 
 
 engrained: v. ingrained. 
 
 engrave: 1. scaipo. psi, ptum, 
 J ; also sculpo, etc. (for the supposed 
 difference Ijetween the two words see 
 l>r Smith's Diet. Ant. s. v. scalptura): 
 to e. a plaint upon a tomb, s<'pulcro que- 
 relam scalpere, Hor. : to e. an anchor on 
 a precious stjme. in gemma ancoram 
 sculpere. Just. : to e. Jiguret in relief, 
 typos scalpere, Plin. j';, 11, 40$ 25: cf. 
 also id. J5, 10, 65. 2- incido, dl, sum, 
 i (esp. of letters or similar charactert 
 cut in stone, metal, etc.) • laws eji on 
 bronze, leges in aes in<i.>ae. Liv.: Cic 
 (who has in aere incisum, Verr. 4, 65, 
 145) : Suet. 3. iii>culpo, J (upon 
 
 something) : to e. the amount of a 
 man's fortune on his tomhsUme, sum- 
 mam patrimoni ins. saxo. Hor. Fig.: 
 nature has e.d on our minds a belief in 
 the blessedness of the go<Js. natura in- 
 sculpsit in mentibus ut (deos) beatos 
 haberemus, Cic. N. D. i, 17, 45. 4. 
 caelo, I (in metal) : v. to chase. Phr.: 
 his features remain e.d on the heart, 
 haerent infixi pectore vultiis, Virg. 
 
 engraver: scalptor, sculptor: dia- 
 monds are sought after by e.s, expetvm- 
 tur (adamantes) scalploribus, Plin. 57, 
 4, 15, ad Jin.: e.s of gems, sculptores 
 gemmarum, id. 29, 6, j8,_/i»i. 
 
 engraving: I. The art: scaip- 
 
 tiira, sculptura : v. Dr. .Smith's Diet 
 Ant. s. v. II. That which is engraved : 
 scalptilra, sculptura: the former is used 
 of carvings in stone, Vitr. 4, i, od init. 
 A copper-plate e., 'piclura ex aere (ex 
 aenea lamina) impressa. 
 
 engross : I. 'I'o take up wholly : 
 
 I. occupo, 1 : the atttntion oJ' the 
 people was e.'d by a rope-ualker, pupn- 
 lus [studio stupidus] animum in funam- 
 bulo occuparat, Ter. Hec. Prol. i, 4 
 Cic: V. to occupt. 2. (•') obsldeo, 
 sedi, sessum, 2 : when the attaUion of 
 the audieyice is already e 'd by the 
 speaker, quum is qui audit, ab oratore 
 Jam obsessus est et tenetur, Cic. Or. 62, 
 210 (ihe figure being that of the siege 
 and capture of a city). 3. ti'neo, ui. 
 ntum,2: to have one's attentimi e.'d by 
 games, shows, ludis. spectaculis teneri, 
 Cic. Fin. 5. 18, 48: v. to knchain. i.v- 
 TEREST. Phr.; {my) whole attention 
 was e.'d in this study, totus animus in 
 hac contemplatlone d'TLxiL^ est, Plin. 
 Ep. : e.'d in attention lo those strains, 
 illis carminibus stupens, Hor. Od. 2, i {, 
 J?: V. TO absorb (111.). II. Tb buy 
 np and keep from Oie market: com- 
 prinio, J : V. TO forestall. |||. Tti 
 write in plain, large characte< s : •literi» 
 Claris iisque miyusculis describe : v. ti' 
 copy. 
 
 engrosser: I. Of Vie market 
 
 cdeniptor, ilardaniiriiis: v. tx)HE^AU.F.B. 
 
 II. In writing: scriba (?) : v. SB 
 
 CRETARY. 
 
 engulf: 1. vSro. devOro. hiiurlo: 
 V. TIP SWALLOW UP. 2. niergo, de- 
 mergo, ;; v. to pli^gk, dbhwn. 
 
 engulfing (<'<0)- rSpldus: the e. 
 eddy siiallims (them) up, r. vorat vor- 
 tex, VIrg. : Tib. Phr.: e. wattrs. bil- 
 lows, voragines, Cic. Div. i, jj, 7J. 
 
 enhance : 1. augeo, xi. ctum, i • 
 V. ro INCREASE. Join: augere et tol- 
 257
 
 ENHANCEM ENT 
 
 ENLIGHTENER 
 
 E N M I T 1 
 
 lere aliquid dicendo, Cic. de Or. j, 26, 104. 
 2. amplifico, I {to set off, add dis- 
 tinction to) : to e. and adorn a subject 
 by speech, aliquid dicendo a. atque or- 
 nnre, Cic. de Or. i, 51, 221 : to e. aperson's 
 glory, alicujus gloriam a., Cic. Acad. 2, 
 2, J. 3. omo, exorno, i (<o set off by 
 language) : v. to adorn, embellish. 
 4. accendo, di, sum, j : their value 
 is e.d by their brittleiiess, quorum ac- 
 cendit fragilitas pretium, Sen. Ben. 7, 9, 
 J. P U r. : fte e.d tlie effect of u'hat he said 
 by iveeping, etc., incendebat liaec fletu, 
 Tac. A. 1, 2j: to e. the price of corn 
 {by foyestalUiig), annonam flagellare, 
 Plin. : the value of land is e.d, accedit 
 pretium agris, Plin. jun. : v. to kaise. 
 
 enhancement : 1. ampiiHcatio : 
 e. of honour and glory, a. honoris, et 
 gloi-iae, Cic. 2. accessio, inciemeii- 
 tum, etc.: V. INCREASE. (More freq. 
 expr. by verb : it is an e. of their 
 value, auget pretium lis, etc.: v. to 
 
 ENHANCE.) 
 
 enharmonic : Snharmontcns, Macr. 
 
 enigma : 1. aeni^ma, atis, n. : 
 
 Cic. 2. sirpus: an old Latin word, 
 quae Graeci aenigmata quidam ex nos- 
 tris veteribus sirpos appellaverunt, 
 Gell. 12, 6. 3. griphus; v^ riddle. 
 4. ambage, abl. ; i>l. ambages, um, 
 /. (any dark saying) : Liv. : Ov. 
 
 enigmatical: amijiguus v. ambi- 
 GDons. P h r. : e. language, ambages, 
 um, /. : Ov. 
 
 enigmatically : 1. amblgue : v. 
 ambiguously. 2. ppr ambages, Liv. 
 
 enjoin: 1. praeclpio, cepi, cep- 
 tum, J (with dat. of person) ; v. to in- 
 STKtrcT, order. 2. i'ljungo, xi, ctum, 
 J (with ace. and dat., or dat. and ul) : 
 to e. upon any mte a duty, alicui munus 
 \DJ., Liv. : fie had e.'d upon me to ... , 
 mihi Injuuxerat ut, etc., Plin. Jun. 3. 
 mando, i (to issiie a charge or com- 
 mand : with dat.) : he had e.'d upon 
 TYebonius not to suffer, etc., I'rebonio 
 per literas mandaverat, ne pateretur, 
 etc.: Caes.: v. to command, charge. 
 
 4. Jllbeo, 2 : v. TO BID. 
 
 enjoy : 1. fruor, Itus and ctus, } 
 (to derive enjoyment from : with abl.) : 
 to e. pleasures, voluptatibus f., Cic. : to 
 e. immortal existence, immortali aevo f., 
 Lucr. : a thing to be e.'d by the eyes, res 
 fruenda oculis, Liv. to e. fully, per- 
 fruor, Cic. 2. utor, iisus, j (to have 
 the use or advantage of: with abl.) : to 
 e. any one's hospitality, hospitio ali- 
 cujus u., Caes. : to e. but indifferent 
 health, vaietudine non bona u., Cic. : to 
 e. the intimate acquaintance of any one, 
 aliquo familiariter (familiarissime) u., 
 Cic. 3, expr. by pass, of verbs under 
 to delight : I e. being called a good 
 man, vir bonus dici delector, Hor. : 
 these things I feast on. e., revel in, his 
 ego rebus pascor, his delector, his per- 
 fruor, Cic. in Pis. 20, 45. Also by 
 act. with ace. of the person: how did 
 you e. the party, ut juvit te coena? 
 Hor. S. 2, 8, I : / never e.'d myself 
 more, sic [sc. me jnvit), ut mihi nun- 
 quam iu vita fuerit melius, ib. 2^ 8, j : 
 V. to delight. 4. gaudeo, gavisus, 
 2 (to rejoice in) : this I sliall not only 
 take in patience, but shall even e., haec 
 ferara non solum aequo aninio, verum 
 etiam gaudenti ac libenti, cf. Cic. Att. 2, 
 
 4, J : hoio you alicays e. making sport 
 of human life (misfortunes), ut semper 
 gaudes illudere rebiis humanis, Hor. 
 
 5. expr. by bnne est, pulclire est, with 
 dkt. ;if subject (to be uell off): ichat 
 TOOS the company you so e.'d, quls 
 coenantibus pulchre fuerit tibi, Hor. S. 
 2, 8, 20: he sicears only married men 
 know how to e. life, jurat bene solis esse 
 maritis, Hor. Ep. i, 1,88: PI. Phr. : 
 «. the (present) day, carpe diem, Hor. 
 Od. I, II, .fin. : e. the sweets of life, carpe 
 dulcia. Pel's. : to e. the most exquisite 
 pleasures, paiatissimis vesci volupta- 
 tibus, Cic. Fin. 5, 20, •;•} : e. the splendid 
 spectcu:le, egregium specUiculum capes- 
 site oculis, Liv. J"], 24 : to e. oneself 
 (with pleasure, feasting, etc.), animo 
 obaequi, Ter. Ad. 1,1,8; genium curare^ 
 
 258 
 
 Hor. Od. i, 17, fin.; genio indulgere, 
 Pers. S. 5, 151. 
 
 enjoyment : I. Jf'/te act of enjoy- 
 ing : expr. by ger., etc. of Iruor, utor, 
 etc. : m/>re by the lack than the e. of it 
 {friendship), magiscarendoquam Iruen- 
 do, Cic. : to increase our e. of what tve 
 have gained, *quo raagis iis Iruamur 
 quae partasunt: v. to enjov. Phr.: 
 he is in the e. of a competency, (ei) re- 
 rum suppetit usus, Hor.; *habet uiide 
 commode vivat, (K. and A.): |1. The 
 sense of pleasure itself : 1. gaudium : 
 V. JOY. 2. delectatio, oblectaiio : v. 
 amusement, delight. 3. voluptas: 
 V. pleasure. Phr.: ivit^h patience, 
 nay more, with e., aequo animo, immo 
 vero etiam gaudenti ac libenti, Cic. Att. 
 2, 4. i 
 
 enkindle : accendo : v. to kindle. 
 
 enlarge: A. Trans.: |. Tb in- 
 crease in dimensions : 1. amplifico, 
 I : toe. (the compats of) the city, urbem 
 am., Liv. i, 44: Cic: v. to increase. 
 
 2. aniplio, I : to e. a temple, tem- 
 plum a.. Suet. Aug. 18: v. to extend. 
 
 3. dilato, I (by spreading out) : 
 to be e.d, opp. to be contracted, dilaiari, 
 contrahi, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, U5 : 'A^ camp 
 had better not be e.d, neque dilaiari 
 castra opus esse, Liv. 27, 46, init. : v. 
 to expand. 4. prolate, i (by push- 
 ing forward the boundaries) : Tac. : 
 Col. 5. laxo, I (so as to give more 
 room): to e. the forum, forum 1., Cic. 
 Att. 4, 16, 8: V. TO widen. Phr.: to 
 e. the empire, imperium proferre, Virg. : 
 to e. the limits of the city, terminos urbls 
 prorogare, Tac. ||, To set at liberty : 
 emitto, libgro: v. to release. B. 
 1 n t r a n s. : to grow larger : expr. by 
 verbs under (I), as pass., or with pron. 
 reft. : v. supr. 
 
 upon : i- c., in irords : 1. 
 
 exsequor, s6cutus, j: (often with an 
 adverb) ; you have my faithful advice, 
 which to e. further upon would be su- 
 perfluous, consilium babes tidele, quod 
 diutius ex. supervacuum est. Curt. 7, 
 4, med. : I have e.d on this theme, 
 haec exsecutus sum pluribus, Phaedr. : 
 Suet, (not exactly In this sense in Cic. : 
 v. TO relate). 2. prosgquor, j 
 
 (to pursue a subject): / shall not e. 
 (upcm the subject) further than, etc., 
 quod non longius prosequar quara, 
 etc., Cic. R. Am. ^o, 8j : v. to pursue. 
 Phr.: which might be e.d on to any 
 extent, quae coplosissime dici possunt, 
 Cic. Clu. 10, 29 : toe. on each point, una- 
 quaque de re [graviter et] diji dicere, 
 ib. 1. c. : to e. upon a subject, aliquid [de 
 aliqua rel uberius disputare et fusius, 
 Cic. N. I)."2, 7, 20; simly, dicere uberius 
 et latins, Plin. jun. 
 
 enlargement: \. Exteimon, ex- 
 pansion: usu. expr. by ger. etc. of 
 verbs under to enlarge : to accommo- 
 date these numbers an e. of the city was 
 necessary, ad banc multitudinem ampli- 
 ficanda urbs videbatur : v. to enlarge. 
 Phr. : the e. of territories, prolatio fini- 
 um, Liv. (v. extension) : an e. of the 
 subject, predicate, *subjecli (quod die- 
 itur), vel praedicati amplificatio. ||, 
 Release from confinement : missio : v. 
 release. 
 
 enlighten: I. Physically: illus- 
 tro, coUustro, i : v. to illumine. ||. 
 Mentally, spiritually: 1. *illiimIno, 
 I (religiously): it is impossible for 
 those who have been once e.'d, impossi- 
 bile est eos qui semel sunt ilUmiinati, 
 Vulg. Hebr. v. 4. 2. erudio, 4: v. 
 TO INSTRUCT. Phr.: to e. the mind : 
 *mentem errore atque ignorant ia libe- 
 rare; mentis tenebras, caliginem dis- 
 cutere, dissipare : v. to educate. 
 
 enlightened (part, adj.) : erCditus, 
 doctus: in less e. times, minus eruditis 
 hominum teniporibus, Cic Rep. 2, 10: a 
 nation so civilized and e., gens tam hu- 
 mana atque docta, Cic. Div. i, i, 2; v. 
 EDUCATED. Phr.: a man of e. views, 
 *homo liberal! in primis candidoque ju- 
 
 dicio : v. UNPREJUDICED. 
 
 enlightener: illuminator: Tert. ■ 
 Lact. 
 
 enlightenment: 1. humanita? 
 
 V. CIVILIZATION, REFINEMENT. 2. "• 
 
 luminatio (religious) : Vulg. IL Cor. iv. 
 6 : Tert. Phr.: to promote the e. of 
 the mind, *ad animos liberaliori doc- 
 trina imbuendos ; (?) ad collustrandas 
 mentes, Ruhnk. (in R. and A.); ad 
 excolendain hominum vitam per artes, 
 cf. Virg. A. 6, 66 J : without any e., sine 
 ulla bona arte, Cic: in these days of e., 
 *eruditis his, ut feruntur, tempoilbus: 
 
 v. ENLIGHTENED. 
 
 enlist: A. Trans.: |, To 
 enter for military service : 1. scribo, 
 psi, ptum, J : to e. soldiers, niilites s.. 
 Sail.: Liv.: v. to enrol. 2. con- 
 sciibo, } (only of a number) : Sail. : 
 Liv. 3, expr. by sacramentum (the 
 military oath), with adigo, obligo, etc.: 
 to e. tlie younger men, juniores Sacra- 
 mento adigere, Liv. 4, 5 : Tac : to e. a 
 man over again, aliquem secundo mi- 
 liliae Sacramento obligare, Cic. OSf. i, 
 II, 36 : the soldiers whom he had e.'d in 
 Cisalpine Gaul, quos ex Gallia Cis. Sa- 
 cramento rogavisset, Caes. B. G. 6, i. 
 
 4, conduce, J: V. TO HIRE. 5. 
 
 conquiro, quisivl, turn, } (to get together 
 from various quarters : not therefore to 
 be used of ordinary Roman enlistment) 
 Liv. (in Kr.) : simly, conquisitionem 
 habere militum, Liv. 2J, J2, fn. 6. 
 paro, compare, i (to raise troops) : v. 
 TO RAISE. II, To induce to join a 
 side: 1. traho, xi, ctum, } ^esp. with 
 in partes, 111 sententiam): she (lAvia) 
 had e.'d Drusus on her side, Drusum 
 traxerat in (suas) partes, Tac. A. 4, 60 : 
 the patricians had e.'d a part of the tri- 
 bunes rni their side, partem tribunorum 
 PI. Patres in suam sententiam traxerant, 
 Liv. 5, 25, init. 2. Iraduco: v. to 
 bring oveb. 3, concilio, i (esp. wlih 
 ref. to the feelings) : if some deity will 
 oidy e. your sympathies on my behalf, 
 si quis mihi deus vestram ad me audi- 
 endum benevoleniiam conciliarit, Cic. 
 Clu. J, 7. B. In fans. : to enter 
 one's name for military service : 1. 
 expr. by nomeii, with do, edo, pro- 
 flteor : tliey encouraged one another not 
 to e., alius aliura confirmare, nomina 
 ne darent, Liv. 2, 24 : a little below, 
 nomen edere, nomina profiteri, occur in 
 same sense (edere appears to be the 
 more formal word, and profiteri to de- 
 note willingness to enlist). 2. sacra- 
 mentum dlco, xi, ctum, j (cf. A., L, 3) 
 that no one should be compelled to e. 
 against his will, neu quis inviius s. 
 dicere cogatur, Caes. B. C. i, S(>,fin.: 
 Liv. (who has sacramento dicere, 2, 24, 
 fin.). Phr.: a newly e.'d soldier, tiro : 
 
 V. RECRUIT. 
 
 enlistment : 1. expr. by verb : 
 
 to prevent the e.ofa citizen, civem pro- 
 hibere quominus el nominis edendi 
 (apud consules) potestas tieret, cf. Liv. 
 2, 24: v. TO ENLIST. 2. conquisltio 
 (searching for recruits): v. to enlist 
 (A., L, 5J. ' See also levy. 
 
 enliven : 1. excito, i : wit e.s 
 speech and p>-rvents taedium, (quod 
 salsum est) excitat et a taedio defendit 
 orationem. Quint. 6. j, 19 : v. to arodse, 
 STIR UP. 2. exhilaro, i : v. to cheer. 
 3. vggeto, I (perh. better, vegetum 
 reddo)': no joys e. him, gaudia aoD ilium 
 v., Aus. 4. laetitico, 1 : v. to 
 
 GLADDEN. 
 
 enlivener: (?) recieator (reviver), 
 Tert. Phr.: lyre, the e. offcasts, *lyra 
 conviviorum gaudium ; quae convivia 
 laetificas (dapibus grata testudo, Hor 
 Od. I, ;2. ij.). 
 
 enlivening (a^j) ■ laetifTcus : v. 
 joyful. 
 
 enmity : 1. Inimicitia (very often 
 pi.) : to let one's e.s be mortal, one's 
 friendships everlasting, mortales in., 
 sempitemas amicitias habere, Cic. : to 
 be at e. n-ith any one, in. cum aliquo 
 gerere, habere, Cic. ; also, in. exercere. 
 Sail.: the same may be exp. by inter- 
 ceduni (sunt) alicui iniraicitiae cnna 
 aliquo, Cic: to lay aside old-standing 
 e.s, deponere in. veteres. Ant. in Gio 
 Att. 14, I ; : secret e., tacilae et oo»
 
 ENNOBLE 
 
 ENQUIRY 
 
 E N 1! O I, L 
 
 cnltae in., Cic. 2. wmulias (where Pbor. ;, ?, u : Liv.: aiko foil, by infin., 
 
 friendliness formerly exinted) ■ C\c.: v. Sail. Jug. U: Plin. ||. As adv.: 
 
 FKCD. 3. dditim V. hatkhi.. satis, less Ireq. sat (with verbs, adjj. 
 
 ennoble ; I. To enml umony the and advv.) ; Cic. : Hor. .Vot e.. pirum : 
 
 nubilUij •ii(ibiliumordiniadscril)ere.ad- there is no one uho has not liw.d Umg e. 
 
 scisci're, in nobiliuni nunieruiii adsiimere 
 (cf. 'I'ac A. I, 8, Livitt In luniiliam 
 Juliam adsumebaiur) : v. t<j knrol, 
 II. Tu ri^uier great, vobk : lionesto, 
 I (to render hunouiuhle) : her hraiiti/ 
 tvas e.d 6i/ her modest;/, fonnaiii (iiidor 
 honeotaliat, <_:urt. 6, 2 . Cic. (who iisi-s 
 the word In sense of to honour, q. v.) ; 
 V. TO GBACK. 2. Illuslro, I (to raider 
 in any nai/ diflmguished) : Cic. Ph r. : 
 it is virtue thai truly e.s a vtav, ex 
 virtute fit nobilltas. ct. Liv. i, !4, vied. 
 (R. and A.); non peneri tribuitur gloria 
 sed vlitull, if Pliaedr. 2, 9. 4. 
 
 ennui: laeiliuni: V. WKARl.sOMENESS. 
 
 enormity : 1. inmianitas (mon- 
 strousnes!^) : the e. of smli a crime, im. 
 tanti faciiioris, Cic. : ' UxMsome for every 
 kind of e., onini [diiitate atquej im. 
 taeterr'imus. Cic. Vat. 5, 9. 2. scglus, 
 eris, n. (cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 66, i^o: "fa- 
 cinus est vlnclri civem Romanum; 
 scelus, verbt-rari ; prope jxirricidium. 
 necari"): v. crii/r. wicKEUXts-s. 3. 
 flagilluni (of a lewd or unnatural Jcind) : 
 V. CRIMK. 4. expr. by adj., nf Ifirius, 
 n^fandus, etc. : scelestum ac nefarium 
 facinus, Cic. R. Am. ij, j";; mHlta ne- 
 landa stupra. Sail. Cat. i; : v. iikinou.s, 
 ATROcioDs. (N'.B.— Not enorniitas, which 
 denotes departure J rom usual shape or 
 
 ':iZC.) 
 
 enormous: 1. immams. c (usn. 
 with the addiiional idea of terror- 
 i^triK-ing): ligiires of e. size (for human 
 siicrlficcs), simulacra im. uiasnitudine, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 16 : an e. den, antrum 
 im., Virg. : v. monstkops. 2. ingens, 
 litis: V. HfCE. 3. Cnormis, e (ex- 
 ceeding the usual standard, nii^-s^hapen) : 
 e. stature, e. proceriias. Suet. : e. (and 
 so unwieldy) hroadsuotds, o. gladii, Tac. 
 Agr. 36. 4. mirus, miriricus, (with 
 words denoting magnitude : v. won- 
 derful): a serpent of e. size, serpens 
 niira niagnitudine, Liv. 21, 22. 5. 
 immensus (strictly, fo great as to lie 
 beyond measurement) : v. uillRCSIc. 
 (For enon-miiua in moral sense, v. hki- 
 Nons, ATit<K;ior.=!.) Phr. : to go to an 
 I. expense, extra modum sumptu pro- 
 <iire, Cic. (in R. and A.). 
 
 enormously : only used with adjj. 
 denoting magnitude, where it may usu. 
 be expr. by the superl. degree: an e. 
 tall man, *liomo procerissimus (v. tai.i.) ; 
 or by a suit;ible adjective: an e. huge 
 stvord, *gladius enormi magnitudino : 
 an e. long serpent, •immen.sae proli- 
 xitatls serpens : v. enorjious. P li r. : to 
 differ e., immane quantum discrepare 
 Hor. Od. 1.27,6. 
 
 enough: I. As subs., a sufficient 
 amount : 1, satis, shortened, sat (very 
 often -^xlXx part. gen.): e. and more than 
 e., jtatis snpcrque, Hor.: eloquence «., 
 salis eloquentiae, Sail. : time e., satis 
 temporis, CMc. : hold .' e. .' ohe jam satis 
 eat, Hor. S. i, 5, 12. I.ess Ireq. sat: 
 anything is e. for me, mihi quidvis sat 
 est, PI. Mil. J, I, 15? : it uas not e. for 
 him to hate reduced, etc., not) sat habuit 
 illexe, etc, Cic. poet. N. I), j. 21. init. 
 2. affatim C/«'/i/ e.): v. plenty. 
 Phr. : to have e., expr. by suppcto. j 
 (with dot. of per>on) : the man uho has 
 e. to satisfy his needs, cui rerum sup- 
 petit U8US. Hor. Ep. I, 12, 4: cf. Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, {8. init.: to have money e., 
 pecunia noti cgere. Cic. (v. to want) : 
 luit e. (ill lenniiiating discourse), hac- 
 Icnus: but if i/ou please let this be e.for 
 to-day, sed, si placet, in hunc diem hac- 
 tenus. Cic. Rep. 2, 44, fm. : e. then of 
 this, ergo haec (quoque) liacienus, Cic. 
 Att. 5, I J (this elliptical form is esp. 
 suited for laniiliar correspondence or 
 conversation); hacienus haec, Hor. 
 (But we also find de hoc or his satis, 
 Cic. Att. 6, 9) : not e., parum (both 
 with gen. and absol.) : is it not e. that 
 the old man is angry u-ith us .■' parum- 
 ne est quod nobis succcnset sene.\ r IVr. 
 
 nemo parum diu vlxit, Cic. Tusc. i, 4;, 
 109: Caes. 
 enquire : 1. qnaero, quaes' vl and 
 
 ii. ituni, } (to seek informatic, : see 
 also foil, art.l: to e. for the road, viam 
 q., Cic. : v. IX) ASK. 2. percunctor or 
 percoiitor, i (to a.«fc for information : 
 inteiTogo often refers to the putting of 
 questions rhetorically or by counsel, 
 cross-questioning) : he (Deiotarus) vas 
 tront to e. of me respecting the prin- 
 ciples of our augury, solebat ex me p. 
 augurii nostrl disciplinam, Cic. I)iv. 2, 
 j6, 76 : to e. of a jurson how he sells 
 anything, p. ex alliiuo quaiiti quid 
 vendat, Cic. 3. sclscitor, liiterrogo, 
 
 1 : V. TO ASK. 
 
 into : 1. quaere, J (v. pre- 
 
 ced. art.) : e.sp. of judicial entjuiry : to 
 e. into a person's death, de alicujus 
 morte q., Cic. R. Am 41, 119 (where, as 
 oft., it U used imixrs.): Ter. hiis a direct 
 acctis. after the verb, rem quaere, Ad. 
 i. 4. ?6. 2. Iiiquiro, quisivi, itum, j 
 (foil, by in and ace, also de and abl., 
 arid less freq ace. alone, esp. of en- 
 quiry prompted by curiosity or lore 
 of knoivledge): to e. into tradltiims 
 too curiously, nlmis diligenter iuq. In 
 ea quae memoriae sunt prodita. Cic. 
 Leg. I, I, 4 to e. carefully into a 
 work, diligenter de opere inq., Quint, j, 
 II, 21 : to e. into vices, vitia inq., Hor. 
 (In judicial sense, only of enquiry iu 
 order to colled evidence : v. Lat. Diet. 
 s. v.). 3. anquiro, j (to itivestigate 
 on all sides or carefully: also, to in- 
 stitute a judicial enquiry) ■ to e. into 
 and study anything, (aliquid! an. el 
 [omniaciejconteniplari, Cic.de Or. i, j;. 
 151 : to e. into a ]iersoti's death, de 
 morte an., Tac: Liv. 4. cognosco, 
 novi, nitum, J (to examine judicially : 
 of special cases) : after e.ing into th> 
 case, cognita causa, Caes. B. G. i, 19 
 Init will) any subs, besides causa, usu. 
 foil, by de : 'to c. into the matter of the 
 Campanian land, de agro Campano c. 
 Cic. Phil. 5. 19.55: •il'-o by super and 
 abl., Ulp. Dig. 25,2, I J. 5. indago, 
 scrutor, i : v. TO kxajiike. 
 
 enquiring (atO) ■• '• e. prone to en- 
 quire : 1, percontator or percunc- 
 tator. /. -trix (cf. L. G. ^ 598) : v. in- 
 quisitive. 2. expr. by rircuml., ad 
 res invest igandas aptus, pronus; (veil) 
 inquisitioni aptus, deditus : v. TO en- 
 quire, ENQUIRY. 
 
 enquiry : I. -^ question put : 1. 
 perconliitio or percunctatio (esp. of je- 
 pealed enquiries for information) : I 
 could not, after all my e'.s.fnd out any- 
 thing about the matter, nos nihil de eo 
 percontationibus reperiebanius, Caes. H. 
 G. 5, IJ: Cic 2. interrogSlio : v. 
 
 QUESTION. CROSS-QUlvSTlONING. 3. 
 
 expr. by pres. part of verbs under to 
 ENQUIRE (cf. L. G ^ 6?8, Obs 2) : on the 
 e. being made nhy he did so. he an- 
 suered, *quaerentibus (quaerenti) re- 
 spoiiiiit : mi e. it has seemed to me, 
 •(mihi) quaerenti visum est, etc. : also 
 by gerund: v. to ask, enquire. ||, 
 A matter of investigation .- 1. quae- 
 stio (esp.. but not solely, of judicial e.) : 
 a somewhat difficult e., subdifficilis q.. 
 Cic. (v. question) : to institute an e. 
 (judicial), q. hal)cre (often with ref. to 
 torture), Cic: v. investigation. 2. 
 inquisltio (esp. scientilic or curious e.) : 
 e. into and seatxh after tndh, veri inq. 
 aiqufc liivestigatio, Cic Off. i, 4, iJ. In 
 Judicial sense, inq. is a pieliminary e. 
 into a person's character and ante- 
 cedents, not the trial it.<:elf : e. into the 
 character of a candidate, inq. candidal! , 
 Cic Mur. 21, 44. 3. anqulsitio (ju- 
 dicial : V. rare") : Varr. 4. cognilio 
 (special Judicial e. under the enipenirs : 
 cf. Suet. CI. 15, "negsuitem cognitionis 
 rem, sed ordinarii juris e.sse ") : the 
 .'euate demands an e., seiiatus c. postu- 
 lat, Tac. A. 2, 28, fm.: to institute an 
 
 e., c. habere. Suet. 5. InvestlgStio (a 
 tracking out, step by step) : v. investi- 
 gation. 
 
 enrage : 1. irnto. i : v. to pbo- 
 voKi- 2. exaspfiro, i : esp. as pott, 
 reflect. : he became more e.d. magls ex- 
 a.sperabatur. Curt. : Liv. 3. fxpf- ''y 
 Ira. with a verb; ass, excitare ims, Vlrg. 
 (cf. Cic de Or. I, 46, 202); Irani con- 
 ciiare, Ov.: v. to exiite. and comp. 
 foil. art. 4. Inflamnio, I (esp. with 
 aniiiios. iramV v. to inflame. 
 
 enraged (part, and adj.): ^ 
 Iratus: V. ANGRY. 2. fiirens. nils 
 (" ilaly raging) : v. to rage : «. beyond 
 bounds, furiliundiis. Sail. Cat. Jl- 3. 
 expr. by ira. with an adj. or part.: 
 either dreading his (latiline's^ pretence 
 or e. at it, sive piaesentiam ejus tinieos 
 sive ira commotus. .Siill. Cat. ji (Virg. 
 has graviter commotus. absol., Aen. I, 
 126); ira percltus. PI. Cas }, 5, 8 (Cic. 
 has animo iralo ac percito aliqiiid facere. 
 Mil. 2j, 6j). 4. inciiiitus: the slate, 
 e. thereat, attempts to carry out its 
 right by arms, tivitas ob earn rem 
 incitata armis jus suum exsequi cona- 
 tur, Caes. B. G. i, 4 : to pacify a people 
 e. against the good, populum inc. in 
 bonus nilligare. Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202. 
 
 enrapture: capio, j: v. to charm. 
 Phr.: when some noble object com- 
 plelely e.s (or engrosses) them, quum 
 aliqua honesta res (eos) totos ad se con- 
 verlit et rapit, Cic. 0(T. 2, 10, ^»(. : to be 
 e.d at anything, stiipere, foil, by in and 
 al)l., or abl. alone : Albius is e.d ivith 
 bronzes, stupet Albius acre, Hor. Sat. i, 
 4, 28 : to be e.d u'ith joy, gaudio efferri, 
 CHc. ; V. tf:ansported (to be). 
 
 enraptured (iw*. adj.) : 1. 
 stii[iidus: some statue of J'olyclelus 
 holds you e., te stupidum detinet signnm 
 aliqu(']d Polycleti. Cic. Par. 5. 2. j-j. 
 2. stfipens, entis: Hor. Od. 2, if, 
 J!. See also preced. art, and trans- 
 ported. 
 
 enrich : 1. locfipleto, i : to e. 
 people wilh foi tunes, homines fortunis 
 I., Cic : to e. a temple vith paintings, 
 templnm picluris I., Cic. The comp. 
 coUocuplelo also occurs: Ter.: Auct. 
 Her. 2. ili'o. i (somewhat rare): 
 the camp served 10 e. (lie troops, caslra 
 militem ditavere. Liv. 21. 60. fin.: to e. 
 ones native tonque, semionem patrium 
 d., Hor. A. P.' 57. 3. very often 
 expr. by divitiae, arum, with a verb: 
 aliquem divitiis augere, Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 
 69; divitiis ornare, Nep. Them. 2; 
 divitiis explere (to satisfy uiUi riches^ : 
 V. to fill. 4. opuiento. I (rare): 
 Hor. 5. beo, 1 (prop, to make 
 
 happy) : he viU e. Latium irilh opulent 
 diction, Latiiim Iwabil diviie lingua, 
 Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 121. 6. iiiauro, i 
 (prop, to cover u-ilh gold) : cf. Hor. Kp. 
 I, 12, 9. 7. angeo. xi. clum. J (to 
 increase) : the air e.s (.") the earth ici'/A 
 showers, aer terram a. imbribus, Cic. N. 
 1). 2, J9, 101. Phr.: to e. oneself, by 
 fair means or foul, recte, qiKKunque 
 modo, rem facnre, Hor.; divitias sibi 
 parare : v riches. 
 
 enriched, to become: diiesco. 1 
 (poet.): Lucr. : Hor. (In prose better 
 divitiis se augere, collocupleiare, etc.: 
 V. to enrich.) 
 
 enrichment: pxpr- ^y ^-rb: tntk 
 
 a new to the e. of a suliject (rhetori- 
 cally), rei coUocuplelaiidae causa, AucL 
 
 Her. : T. TO ENRICH. 
 
 enroll : 1. scnbo, psi. ptum. j : to e. 
 colonists, colonoss..Llv.; is]^. of soldiers, 
 V. TO ENLIST. Fig.: e. my friend in 
 your following, scribe ml gregis bunc, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 9. fin. 2. asciibo (ads-X 
 J : e.'d among the gods, ascriptus deorum 
 ordlnibus, Hor. : to e. new colonists (in 
 addition to those already sent out), 
 novos colonos a.. Liv. : with ace. of 
 place to which the colony Is to be sent, 
 colonos Venusiam a., Liv. Jl. 49 ■ to be 
 e.'d as a citizen, in civitatem (or civl- 
 tati) ascribi, Cic. Arch. 4. 3. rff?ro, 
 ttill, latum, J (to enter in a list) : to 
 be e.'d among the accused. In rei^s re- 
 ferri, Cic R. Am. 10, 27: simly, in 
 
 259
 
 ENROI^IiED 
 
 ENTER 
 
 ENTERPRISE 
 
 deomm numeruin referri. Suet. Caes. 
 88. 4. adscisco, scivi, itum, } : on 
 his return he was e.'d by Vespasian in 
 the patrician order, revertentem Ves- 
 paslanu3 inter patriclos adseivit, Tac. 
 
 A. 9 : V. TO ADMIT. 
 
 enrolled, newly : adsoripticius : 
 
 Join: novus et ads. civia, Cic. N. 1). J, 
 15, _/in. 
 ensamtJe : exemplar, exemplum 
 
 V. PATTEKN, EXAMPLK. 
 
 ensanguined (;«»•«. od/.).- 1. 
 sanguineus (either actually stainta uith 
 blood, or blood-coloured): v. bloody, 
 Bix)OD-RED. 2. cruentatus : v. gort. 
 
 ensconce oneself ; P h r. ; they 
 
 ttealthily e. themslres in the dark nbs 
 (of the wooden hotse), corpora furtim 
 Includunt caeco lateri, Virg. Aen. 2, 19 : 
 to e. oneself in one's library (1. e. to 
 give oneself whnlly to books), in bibli- 
 othecam se abdere, Cic. Kara. 7, 28 : the 
 sly (^puss) e.d herself in lier safe hnle, 
 dolosa tuto condidit sese cavo, Pbaedr. 
 2, 4, 17 : V. TO HIDE. 
 
 enshrine : I.Li t, to place in a 
 
 shrine: 1. dedico, i (in this sense, 
 with ace. of name of deity) : Juno fias 
 been e.d on the Arentine, Juno in Aven- 
 tino dedicata est, Liv. 5, 52, med. : 
 Apollo e.d, Apollinem dedicatuni, Hor. 
 Od. I, Jl, I : Cic: sometimes with aede 
 expr., Ov. F. 6, 6J7: v. to dedicate. 
 2. consecro, l (rare in this sense) : 
 an image e.d in a part of his house, 
 simulacrum in parte aedium conse- 
 cratum. Suet. Gal. 4. ad fin. : v. to 
 CONSECRATE. P h r. : the same day saw 
 thee (Jutuma) e.d. te lux eadeni aede 
 recepit, Ov. F. i, 462 : the foUoiving day 
 e.d tlvee (Concordia) in a snow-white 
 temple, Candida te niveo posuit lux 
 proxima templo, ib. 657 : on this day 
 he was e.d, hac die illi est datum tem- 
 'plnm, cf. ib. 4, 622 ||. Fig., to 
 
 preserve as in a shrine: 1. sacro, 
 I : the eloquence (of Cato) e.d in u-rit- 
 ings of every description, eloquentia 
 sacrata scrlptis omnis generis, Liv. jg, 
 40, med. 2. consecro, i : a mode of 
 discussion e.d in the ivrilings of FlMo, 
 ratio disputandi Platonis [memoria et] 
 Uteris consecrata, Cic. Tusc. 5,4, 11. 
 Quint. : v. TO rMMORTALizE. Ph r. : his 
 image is perpetually e.d in my heart, 
 *exsi8tit intimo meo aninio commissa 
 imago ejus, comp. Hor. Od. 4, 9, 11. 
 
 ensign : I. ^ banner : signum 
 
 (militare), vexillum : v. standard. 
 II. The officer who bears the colours : 
 eignit'er, aqiiilifer, 6rl : v. standard- 
 bearer. 
 
 enslave: 1. expr. by servitus, 
 atis, /., and a verb : (civitatem) serv- 
 ituti subjicere (al. addicere); civitati 
 eervitutem iiijuiiisere, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 77 ; servitutem iniponere. Sail. Or. : to 
 carry off and e., (hommes) in servitu- 
 tem abstrahere, Caes. B. G. 7, 14; in 
 servitutem abducere, Cic. in Pis. H,fm. : 
 an e.d stale, civitas servitute oppressa, 
 Cic. : to prevent one's felloiv-citizens 
 from being e.d, repellere servitutem a 
 suis civibus, Cic. • v. slavery. 2. 
 subigo, J : V. TO subdue. See also foil, 
 art. 
 
 enslaved ( part, adj.) .- 1. servus, 
 a, um (more freq. as sabs.) : everything 
 that is not e. the// deem hostile, omnia 
 non serva hostilia ducunt. Sail. Ep. 
 Mithr. ad fin. : v. slave. 2. eman- 
 cipatus (lit. sold over to): Fig.; a 
 Rinnan e. to a woman, Romanus e. 
 feminae, Hor. Kpod. 9, 12 : e. to no one, 
 nemini e., Cic. 3. manclpatus (=- pre- 
 ced.) : e. to debauchery and wine, stupro 
 et mero m., Apul. 4. addictus (boutul 
 over): e. to swear by no matter, nuUius 
 ad. jurare in verba magistri, Hor. 5. 
 dbediens, mis (not necessarily jri bad 
 sense): Sail. Cat. mit. 6. dedltus • 
 V. devoted to. P h r. . to be e. to any- 
 thing, servire (with dat.): Cic: v. 
 
 SLAVE (TO I!E). 
 
 enslavemant: expr. by servitus: 
 T. preced. art. 
 
 enslaver: V\g.: domlua: v. mis- 
 TUSS. 
 
 a6o 
 
 ensnare : 1. uiaqueo, i : to e. 
 
 birds, aves U., Prud Fig.: gijls e. 
 fierce captains, munera saevos il. duces, 
 Hor. Od. I, lb, i;. 2. irretio, 4 (lit. 
 to catch in a net) .- Fig.; to e. a youth 
 by vicious seductions, adolescentulum 
 corruptelarum illecebris ir., Cic. Cat. i, 
 6, ij: V. TO ENTANGLE. 3. expr. by 
 laqueus (a noose), with a verb : laqueo 
 capere, Cic Caec. 29, 8;; laqueis in-e- 
 tlium tenere, Cic. de Or i, 10,4?; v. 
 SNARE. 4. illicio, lexi, clum, j: v. 
 
 TO ALLURE, DECOY. 
 
 ensphered : *in sphaera (sphaeram) 
 inclnsus, illigatus. 
 
 ensue: sgquur, insgquor, }: v. TO 
 follow. 
 
 ensuing (<*'&) • sgquens, insequens, 
 posterns, proximus : v. roLLOwmc. 
 
 ensure : '• insure. 
 
 entablature : quae pars supra cap- 
 itula columnarum est, cf. Vitr. 3, 5 (J), 
 I J (the several members of the entabla- 
 ture are there enumerated: epistylium 
 and corona given in Quich., etc., are the 
 architrave and cornice respectively). 
 
 entail (subs.): *feudum lallialum= 
 " hereditas in quandam certitudiiiem 
 limitata," Du C. s. v. 
 
 entail ("•)•■ I. Lit- «« tie up 
 
 properly to a particular line of descent : 
 *tallio, I. ("Talliaie in re feudali idem 
 est quod ad quandam certitudiiiem 
 ponere ; vel ad quoddam certum he- 
 reditamentum limitare," Du C. s. v.) 
 II, Fig., to bring on as a conse- 
 quence: 1. derive, i (prop, to lead 
 off a stream from a river) : disaster th us 
 e.'d, hoc fonte derivata clades, Hor. Od. 
 3, 6, 19. 2. expr. by sum, with 
 double dat. (L. G. $ 297): the greedy 
 sea e.s destruction upon the mariner, 
 exitio est avidum mare nautis, Hor. : v. 
 TO prove (intrans.). 3. affgro, infero, 
 contraho, etc.: v. to bring on. Phr.; 
 (a crime) that will e. suffering upon in- 
 nocent posterity, immeritis postmodo 
 natis nocitura, Hor. Od. I, 28, Jo: pas- 
 sion has e.'d destruction on lofty cities, 
 irae allis urbibus stetere causae, cur peri- 
 rent lundilus, ib. i, 16, 18: (from) a 
 precedent that would e. ruin on pos- 
 terity, exemplo trahenti pemiciem veni- 
 ens in aevum, ib. j, 5, 15. 
 
 entangle: |. Lit,: 1. im- 
 pgdlo, 4 (strictly, by the feet) ; to e. one's 
 legs in any thing, crura aliqua re im., 
 Ov. Met. 12, 392: PI. 2. irretio, 4 
 (as in a net) : soil e.d with roots (form- 
 ing a sort of net-work), solum irretitum, 
 Col. 3, 11, ad init. (more freq. fig.: v. 
 infr.). 3. implico, i : v. to en- 
 twine. Esp. in p. part. : e.d in the 
 meshes (of Mars and Venus), impliciti 
 laqueis, Ov. A. A. 2, 580. 4. i'la- 
 queo, I: V. TO ensnare. ||. Fig.: 
 Phr.: to e. a person in his speech, ali- 
 quem loquentem irretire, Cic. Acad. 2, 
 29, 94 ; in sermone capere, Vulg. Matt, 
 xxii. 15 : to get inextricably e.d, in inex- 
 plicabiles laqueos incidere, Quint. ;, 10, 
 loi ; involvere se laqueis [insidlosae in- 
 lerrogationisl, Plin. Ep. i, 5, 7. 
 
 entangleinent : 1. impiicatio: 
 
 e. of affairs, im. rerum, Cic. 2. error, 
 oris : inextricable e. (of a maze), inex- 
 tricabUis e., VIrg. 3. laqueus, or pi. 
 laquei v. preced. a.rL Jin. ; and snare. 
 
 enter: A. intrans.: i.e. to 
 
 make an entrance : 1, introeo, ii, 
 itum, 4, irr. (to get within a place; 
 while iiitro is rather to cross a thresh- 
 old, or other barrier; ingrediur, to go 
 forward on the way in) : to e. by the 
 triumplial gate, porta triumphali intro- 
 ire, Cic. in Pis. 23, 5; : toe. into Qie city, 
 int. in urbem, Cic. (But introire is often 
 used with a direct ace). 2. inlro, i : 
 to e. by every crevice, rimas per omnes 
 intrare, Mart. : to e. by the door. int. per 
 ostium, Vulg. Johann. x. I. (But intro 
 is much oftener used trans., and esp. of 
 forcible entrance! v. entrance, I, 3.) 
 
 3. ineo, ii, iium, 4, irr. (very often 
 
 fig. : V. TO enter upon) : v. TO GO INTO. 
 
 4. pervenio, 4; v. TO REACH. B. 
 Trans.: |, To make entrance into : 
 
 1, intro, I (with direct ace, or in 
 
 and occ.) : to e. a Idngdom, regnum int. 
 Cic. : before the soul e.'d the body, ante 
 quam animus corpus intrasset, Cic: to 
 e. the Capitol, int. in Capitoliura, Cic 
 
 2. ingrgdior, gressus, i (for syn., 
 v. L, 1): did you dare attempt to e. 
 that iMuse .' did you dare to cross that 
 threshold ? tu ingredi illam domum 
 ausus es? tu illud limen intrare? Cic. 
 Phil. 2, 27, 68. See also to enter upon 
 
 3, introeo, 4, irr. (both with in 
 and ace, or ace. alone) . you write tiu 
 word that I'omptinius has e.'d the capi- 
 tal, scribis Pomptinium in urbem In- 
 troisse, Cic Att. 7, 7 : to e. a pa-son's 
 house, in domum alicujus int., Cic. to 
 e. one's own house, suam domum int., 
 Cic. Phil. 2, 28. init. 4. ineo, 4, irr. : 
 V. to enter on. 5, invghor, vectus, j 
 (to e. on horseback, in a vehicle) : the dic- 
 tator e.s the city in triumph, dictator 
 triumphans urbem inv., Liv. 2, 31 : to e. 
 the Capitol in a chariot, Capitolium (al. 
 in Capitolium) curru inv , Cic. Rep. 6, 
 II. See also to penetrate. ||, Of 
 time ; to commence : ingrfidior, j ; v. to 
 ENTER on. III. To join, unite oneself 
 to: Phr.; to e. the army, (militandi 
 causa) nomen edere, profiteri; Sacra- 
 mento dicere (v. to enlist): to e. a 
 university, *academiae civibus ascribi; 
 inter juvenes academicos referri : v. 
 STUDENT. IV. fo rnake an entry of: 
 
 1, rgffiro, tuli, latum, 3, irr.: toe. 
 in a memorandum book, aliquid me- 
 moriae causa r. in libellum, Cic. PbiU 
 1,8. 19: to e. in the list of proscribed, 
 in proscriptos r., Cic. R. Am. 10, 27. 
 Esp. of business accounts : to e. a claim 
 in an account book, ref. nomen in tabu- 
 las, in codicera (accepti et expensi). Cic. 
 R. Com. 1,4. 2. fSro, 3.M"»'. ; toe. to 
 any one's debit account, alicui expensura 
 f., Cic. Verr. 2, i, 59. 100 (where the cor- 
 rel. phrase is, acceptum referre, to enter 
 to one's credit; lit. as received). 3. 
 induco, xi, ctum, J (to bring into an 
 account) ; to e. in an account book, in 
 ralionem ind., Cic Verr. 2, i, 41, 106: 
 to e. as paid, in rationibus datum ind., 
 Cic. Fam. ;, 10, med. V. ^^ '^<""" 
 mejice legal proceedings- Phr.: toe. an 
 action against any orw, Inge agere cum 
 aliquo, litem or actionem alicui inten- 
 dere, v. action, lawsuit. 
 
 enter into: I. To engage in, 
 contract: Plir : to e. into an alliance 
 with any one, societatem cam atiquo 
 coire, facere, Cic. (v. alliance) : to e. 
 into a treaty, foedus facere, ferire, etc. 
 (v. to conclude, V.) : they e. into a 
 treaty of alliance with Ambiorix, Am- 
 biorigem sibi societate et foedere ad- 
 jungunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 2. ||. '/'" com- 
 prehend fully : capio, percipio, teiieo : 
 V. to COMPREHEND (11). |||. To throw 
 
 oneself heartily into a plan, underta- 
 king: Phr.- toe. eagerly into the study 
 of literature, literas avide ampere. Cic. 
 de Sen. 8, 26 : to e. upon a war with the 
 utmost eagerness and exertion, animo et 
 opibus in bellum incumbere, Caes. B. G. 
 7,76 v. to DEVOTE (111.)- 
 
 on, or uPon: 1. in«o, 4. 
 
 irr. (esp. to e. on an olice): to e. upon 
 a magistracy, magistr.itum in., Cic. : to 
 e. upon the consulate. In. consulatum. 
 Liv. The pass, occurs: im the day of 
 his e.ing on office, die initi maf;islratus, 
 Liv. 21, 65. med.: to e. on a plan, con- 
 silium, rationem in., Cic. : v. plan. 2. 
 ingredior, gressus, ? ; to e. on a joui-ney, 
 iter ing., Cic. de Sen. 10. !4 : to e. on a 
 certain path of life, viam ahquam Vi- 
 vendi ing., Cic. Off. I, U. ii«. 3. 
 suscipio, "inclpio, 3 : ▼■ to undertake. 
 4. occipio. ccpi, ceptum, j : to e. 
 im a inayistracy, magistratum oc, Liv. 
 <• %fm.: Tac. Phr.: to e. upon public 
 life, ad rempublicam accedere, Cic. (cf. 
 Sail. Cat. 3 . " studio ad rem publicam 
 latus sum "). 
 
 enterprise: I. ^ (bold) under- 
 taking : 1. Inceptum : v. dndeb- 
 taking. 2. facinus, oris. n. (a bold 
 achievement; usu. of a bad kind): a 
 grtit and notable e., magnum et me- 
 morabile f. Tac. Agr. 28 ; v. aohiev*-
 
 ENTERPRISING 
 
 ENTICE 
 
 ENTITLE 
 
 siKNT. 3. consilium (audax) : v. 
 
 SCHEME. Fhr. : an e. full of risk, 
 p€riculo>ae plenum opus aleae, Hor. Od. 
 2, I, 6: V. TASK, WORK. ||. An enter- 
 prising disposition : alacer ac promplus 
 animu:<, Caes. B. G. ?, 19, Jin. : v. EN- 
 TERrRISINO; ALACUITY. 
 
 enterprising {adj.) .- 1. prompt- 
 
 M3 (foniardo/ action): all the nmst e., 
 promptissimus qui.squi-, lac. A. ?, med. : 
 Jugurtha nas t. and amhitious of mili- 
 tary distinction, erat Ju(?urlb:i niaini 
 promptus el appetens gloriac militaris, 
 Sail. Jug. 7: V. I'RosiPT. 2. slrenuus: 
 L. Sextius, an e. i/oang man, nhose 
 prospects lacked onli/ patrician birth, 
 L. Se.Mius, s. adoli'scciis, et cujus spci 
 nihil praetiT genus patricium dccsset, 
 Llv. 6, i^,.fin. : r. vicoKous, active. 
 3. expferiens, ntis (trying every- 
 thing) : usu. with some other word : 
 Join: promplissiniub honioetexperii'ns, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 17, }7 : vir acer o.xperiens- 
 que, Liv. 6, 54, ad init. 4. "udax 
 (oftener In bad sense) ; v. bolp, harino. 
 
 entertain : I. '^'o recive as 
 host: 1. expr. by hospltium, with 
 accipio, excipio, Invito, etc. ; / shall e. 
 you tvith country hospitality, te agresti 
 hospitio accipiemus, Cic. Alt. 2, 16,. /in. : 
 to e. magnificently, iiiaKnilicenilssimo 
 h. accipcre, Cic. (huspillo exciptfre, 
 strictly of one who tal^es in a |ierson 
 needing hospitality, cf. Liv. 29, 11 : qui 
 vir optimus Romae esset, huspiiiodeain 
 [peregrinamj exciperet: cf. Tac. Ger. 
 21 ): the whole houseltold u-ill come out 
 to meet (me) ; will hospitably e. me. 
 tota famllia occurret; hospitio invitabit, 
 Ola Phil. 12, 9, fin. : to e. ambassaiiurs 
 publicly, legatos in publicum hospitium 
 adducere, Liv. ;, 28, med. 2. of the 
 above verbs, invito, accipio, excipio, are 
 also used absol. : they lake their friends 
 into Vie camp to e. them, suos in castra 
 invitandi causa adducunt. Cues. B. G. i, 
 74, med. : to e. a person nuignificently, 
 aliquem magnifice accipere, I'l : v. to in- 
 vite, TREAT. II. To amuse: oblecto, 
 delecto, 1 ; v. TO amusk, nivERT. |||, 
 To chei-ish in the mind : hilbeo, 2 : to e. 
 a juisA, opinion, voluntatetn, opinionem 
 habere, Cic. (v. to hold) : sometimes 
 with in aninio : to have upon the lips 
 and to e. in tin mind {a sentinient), in 
 ore atque in animo h., Cic. Fani. 5, 16, 
 ad init. P h r. : to be led to e. a hope, 
 in spem venire, adduci (v. hope) : / 
 strongly e. the hope, magna me spes 
 tenet, Cic. ; magnus mihi animus est, 
 fac. : V. TO cherish (fin.). 
 
 entertainer : 1. bospes: v. host. 
 
 2. prtruchus (strictly, a purveyor: 
 q. V.) : Hor. S. 2, 8, j6 (facete). 3, 
 eonvivator, Hor. S. 2, 8, 74: Liv. (Or 
 expr. by verb : who ^vas your e., quis te 
 hospitio accepit, hospitio invitavit? v. 
 
 TO ENTERTAIN.) 
 
 entertaining: festivus, ludicer, 
 
 lEpidus: V, AMlISING,*DIVEKTrNO. 
 
 entertainingly : festive, jucunde, 
 
 lepide : v. amisinc;lv, pleasantly. 
 
 entertainment: I. «j/ « l^ost: 
 hospitium: ru-^t/c c, agresle h., Cic. : v. 
 TO entertain (1.) ; hospitalitv. ||, 
 A feast : conviviura, 6pulue: v. ban- 
 quet, feast. III. Amusement: ob- 
 lectatio, deleclatio, ludus : v aml'Se- 
 Ment. IV. A public amusemmt : 
 
 (?) miinus, iSris, n. (a term applied to 
 the gladiatorial exhibitions, Cic): v. 
 
 SHOW. 
 
 enthrall : '» servitutem redigo ; v. 
 TO enslave. 
 
 enthrone: '•«. to seit on the epis- 
 coped chair : *iiitlir(5nizo, incilthedro, i ; 
 Med. L. : v. l)u C. s. vv. 
 
 enthroned: |. Of abis/iop: *in- 
 cuthedratus: v. l)u C. s. v. ||. In 
 peiL sense : 'qui in solio consedit; quasi 
 in (regio) sollo sedem habens: v. throne. 
 P h r. : who is e. in the heavens, *qui 
 ipsnm coelnm pro solio habct. 
 
 enthronement: *incathedratio (of 
 
 a bishop) : v. I>u C. s. v. 
 
 enthusiasm : I. Religious excite- 
 ment: furor: v. FBENZV, kanaticism. 
 Phr. ; to be filled with a kind 1/ «., 
 
 quasi divino quodam splritu inflari, Cic. 
 Arch. 8, 18 : v. I^sPIRATIoN. (Cic. has ; 
 ev0ov(Tia<rij.6^ in Greek characters — af- I 
 flatus, poetic inspiration, Q Kr. j, 4.) 
 II. Any fervid feeling : 1, stli- 
 dium (anhmr. df.cotion, q. v. : often in 
 pi.) : to be full of e. for the discovery of 
 truth, ardere studio veri repericndl, 
 Cic: with such e. on the part if all 
 good meyi, tanto s. omnium bonorum, 1 
 Cic. : with extraordinary good u-ill and | 
 e., praestantl (In me) b';ncvolenlia et 1 
 divino s.. Cic. ad Quir. 6, i.; : under 
 the influence of a stroyig e. for pliilo- 
 so/ihy, admirabili quodam ad phllo^o- 
 phiam s. concltatus, Cic. Br. 89, 306 [ 
 such was the e. felt about my safety, 
 haec erat studiorum in mea salute con- 
 tentio, Cic. Sexl. 62, 1 }o. 2. fervor, 
 ardor, incitatio: v. ARDOtJK. I'hr. : in 
 a sudden fit of e., repentino quodam im- 
 petu animi incitatus, Cic. Otf. i, 1;, 49: 
 to be received with considerable c. (of u 
 singer), effusius excipl, Suet. Xer. 22, 
 fin. ; (of an actor), magno cum fremiiii 
 et clamore dicere, Cic. Att. 2, 19, } ; 
 without any e., mortuo plausu, Cic. 1. c. : 
 no good poet without e., poeta bonus 
 nemo sine inflammatione animorum,. 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 194: nor did the e. of 
 the people flag , neqtie elanguit cura ho- 
 miiium, Liv. 2;, 2;, I'm. 
 
 enthusiast : ' I. ^ person under 
 religious txcitemeiit : homo enttiSiis: v. 
 foil. art. II, </ne ardently devoted to 
 any pursuit: Phr.: an e. about brasses, 
 (qui) stupet in aere, Hor S. i, 4, 28: 
 an e. atioul coins, *( homo) numismatibus 
 coiiquirenilis quasi furore quodam de- 
 liilus. 
 
 enthusiastic : I. f "(</•)• religious 
 excitement : 1, entheus, _/. enthfia 
 
 (Gk. ei'Seo?) : the e. a'oird (of ivorship- 
 pers of Cybtle), cuthea. turba, Mart. 11, 
 84, 4: Sen. (trag.). 2. tanaiicus: v. 
 
 FANATICAL, FRENZIED. 3. attOllitUs: 
 
 epith. of vates, Hor. Od. }, 19, 14. 4. 
 filrens, ntis: Ov. Her. 5, 121; cf. Viig. 
 Aen. 6, 102. 5. expr. by circtitnl., 
 
 *(lioino) divino qucKhiin afHutu instinc- 
 tns, cui in pecloie sedet deus, cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 78: v inspihation. ||. Of 
 
 warm, eager temperament: 1. fer- 
 vidus (hot, impetuous): used as epilh. 
 characteristic of youth, Hor. A. P. 115 : 
 Ov.: V. FiERV. 2. stMiosus (devoted 
 to, fond of; less strong than the Kng.) : 
 an e. lover of the woodland and the 
 chase, (homo) s. nemorum, caedisqne 
 ferinae, Ov. Met. 7, 765: I am perfectly 
 e. about plate, in argento plane s. sum, 
 I'eir. I'r. : more e. about recalling me 
 than about retaining me, studlosior 
 restitucTidi mei quam retlnendi, Cic. 
 
 Att. 8, J, 2 : V. DEVOTED TO. 3. l*' 
 
 fore such words as admiration, devo- 
 tion, etc.: summus, maxinms : e. ad- 
 miration, maxima, sumnia admiratio, 
 Cic: V. great, e.\treme. Phr.: lobe 
 an e. admirer of, stupere in aliqua re, 
 summa animi intentione studere alicui 
 rei (v. ENTHUSIAST) : e. joy, exultaiis 
 gestieiisque lauHtia, Cic. Tusc. 4, }i, 6() ; 
 effusio animl In laetltia, Cic. 1. c. 
 
 enthusiastically: 1. studiose: 
 V. EAGERLY. (The Sense may be more 
 adequately expr. by the superl. : cf. 
 Suet. Cal 54.) 2. effuse (givihy full 
 play to the Jetiings): Suet.: I'lin. jun. : 
 
 V. KNTiin.siASM (fin.). P h r. : e. de- 
 voted to, studlosissimus (with gai.), 
 Cic. : to pursue the study of (Ireek lite- 
 rature e., llteras Graecas avide arripere, 
 Cic: to be e. received, maximo plausu 
 exdpi, cf. Cic. Att. 2, 19, J: / teas e. 
 uelcomed by all tlif good, cum sunnno 
 studio omnium bonorum exceptus sum, 
 cf. Cic. ad yuir 8, 18. 
 
 enthymeme: cnthymema, iitis, n. : 
 Quint. 
 
 entice: 1. allecto, i (frequetU. 
 ofallicio: V. TO ALLURE): to e. [keep on 
 enticing] oxen to ilrink by whistling, 
 boves sibllo al., ut bibant, Col. ; Cic 
 2, pelllclo, exl, ectum, i (to lead 
 into n'lischief) : Ter.: Cic. 3. i'l'cio, 
 
 J : T. TO DI:P0Y. ALLURE. 4. 'Uesco, 
 
 I : V. TO ENTRAP. 5. cllcio, Clli. 
 
 citum, J (to tempt or draw out) : v. to 
 
 DRAW OUT, ELICIT. 
 
 enticement: 1. allertatlo (con- 
 tinued act oj aitidng), (.{uinL 2. il- 
 lecebrae, arum : v. allukemknt. 3. 
 esca (lit. a bait for catching prey) : 
 pleasure the meant of e. to vice, volupias, 
 e. malorum, Cic. 4. IfnOcliiium, 
 
 esp. In pi. : V. FASCINATION. 
 
 enticer : allector (rare) : Col. : v. 
 
 TEMITER. 
 
 enticing: 1. illecebrOsus (abound- 
 ing iu allurements, esp. to I'hat i$ liad ; 
 rare) : PI. : I'rud. 2. blandus (coax- 
 ing, winning): tfie e. allmenienlt of 
 pleasure, illecebrae b. voluptatis Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, }. 6 : /' ith e. (coaxing) arms, 
 b. lacertls, Ov. Met. 2. too: «. toil (of 
 breeding), b. labor, Virg. G. }, 127. 
 Phr.: e. arts or cfiarms, lilanditlae, 
 arum ; also blandimenia, t-rum : Uie 
 e. influence of pleasure, voluptiluro 
 blanditiae, Cic. : to upproadi ai.y ime 
 with e. arts, per blandimenia aliquem 
 aggredi, Tac. A. i}, ij (v. fahisa- 
 tion) : to use e. arts, blandiri, Cic. . 
 how e. is vice, *quaniae sunt vitionini 
 illecebrae, quanta blandimenia ; quan- 
 tum valent viiiorum lenocinia ad hom- 
 ines pelliclendos aique corrumpendos : 
 V. preced. an. 
 
 enticingly : blande (persuasively, 
 coaxitigly), Cic. (Or expr. by prrg. pari. 
 of allicio, to ask anything e., •alllcicnlis. 
 blandientis mode aliquid rogare : v. to 
 
 ENTICE.) 
 
 entire : I. whole, undivided : 
 
 1. lotus: to .swallovj cakes «., tolas 
 obsorljere placentas, Hor. : v. whole. 
 
 2. integer, gra, grum (lit. intact: 
 hence, not diminislwd, unimpaired) : tlf 
 lou err part (of the piles) remained «., pars 
 inferior i. ivnianebal, Caes. B. G. 7, J5 : 
 not surviving e., nee supersles i., Hor. 
 Od. 2, 17, 7. 3. sOlidus (substantial . 
 unbroken) : they (s-rpents) suallow 
 stags and bulls e., solidos hauriunl cer- 
 vos taurosque, Plln. : the e. fiesh of Uie 
 bulls, s. taurorum viscera, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 25}: an e. hour, s. hora. Juv. : Cic. 
 
 4. universus (the uhole together, iu 
 its entireness) : v. whole. 5. iUibaius 
 (from which nothing has been taken, 
 unimpaired): to cany his glory (o, 
 I'ompey) to the grave c, gloriani (suaml 
 illibalam delerre ad inferos. Veil. 2, 4K. 
 med.: Tac. 6. plenus: v. complete. 
 Phr.: {to build vessels) of e. trees (one 
 to each), ex singulis arboribus. Liv. (in 
 y.) : the e. huma7i race, unlver-iian 
 generis humani. Cic. X. I). 2, 6;. 164. 
 II. yot geld'd: an e. hmse, equus 
 admissarius, Col.: Pall. 
 
 entirely: 1. omnino: v. alto- 
 gether. 2, expr. by lotus, in agr. 
 with subs. : a man e. made of dislumesty 
 and lies, homo lotus ex fraude et men- 
 dacio factus, Cic Clu. :6, 72 e. ab.v)rbed 
 in them (trifles), lotus in lllis, Hor. S. 
 I, 9, 2: e. devoted to us, lotus nosier. 
 Cic. 3. pliine: v. quite. 4. pi^"'- 
 tus (inuanily, thoroughly) : to have 
 lost a custom e., consueludinem p. ami- 
 sisse, Cic. Off. 2, 8, 27 : v. tutai-lv, tho- 
 roughly, completei.t. 
 
 en ireness. entirety : expr. by 
 totus, universus, sOlidus : (" look at th' 
 matter in its e., *ri'in iiiiiversjmi ojn- 
 leniplari : v. whole, ENTtRf:. (Sot 
 integritas or universilas In this sense 
 V. w hole, subs.) 
 
 entitle : I. "f"" .<"'« « '"'"' °^ 
 claim to: 1. expr. by jus. juris, n., 
 with a verb: to h.' e.d to dn anything. 
 jus aliquid faciendi habere, Cic Kam. 4. 
 7, fin. : I am e.d to ansuer on behalf of 
 one uho is my junior, pro hoc- eiiini, 
 qui minor est iiaiu. nieo jure respondeo, 
 Cic. Am. 9. ?2 : hi is in a matinrr e.d 
 to claim the advantage (of my fttidief). 
 fructum a me rcpetere pr-pe siio jure 
 debet, Cic. Arch. ini7. 2. expr. by 
 dignus: /«; who obeys modesthi seems e.d 
 one day to command, qui miHleste paret, 
 videlur qui aliquatido Iniperet dignus 
 esse, Cic. Wg }, ?, ;: whilst he \ocu 
 thought e.d (to the privilege) in himself. 
 quum ipse ptT se digaus putarctur, Cic 
 361
 
 INTITLED TO 
 
 ENTWINE 
 
 EN VI A BliE 
 
 Arch. 4, 6 . V. T<^ DESERVE (6). P h r. : 
 / ftaiie avoided Maine, but am vot (there- 
 fore) ed to praise, vitavi culpatn, non 
 menii laudeni, Hor. : he. is e.d to our 
 best services, huic quantum est si turn in 
 nobis opera ferre debemus, Cic. Arch, i, 
 I : to ilniibt irhether a man is e.d to the 
 franchise, de alicujus civitate dubitare, 
 Cic. Arcli. 5. lo • our intimact) e.s me to 
 lise thisfranlavtss, *hac milii pro nostra 
 consueiudine licet uti Ubertate. ||, 
 To giie a designation to : 1, inscribe, 
 psi.' ptuin, ? (of the titles of icorks) : the 
 treatise e.d l.aelius, liber qui inscribitur 
 Laelius, Cic. Off. 2, 9, ivit. I'he per/. 
 is also used, (liber) qui est inscriptus 
 Hortensius, Ci"^. Div. 2, init. (But the 
 pres. is preferable wlien the current 
 title of a worli is given : cf. Cic. Off. 2, 
 24, ./;«..• Suet. Caes. 55.) 2. appello, 
 noiiuno, i : v. to call. name. 
 
 entitled to : dignus (with aU.) : V. 
 preced. art. (1.). 
 
 entity : essentia ; ens, entis, n. ; v. 
 Quint. 8, 5, JJ. 
 
 entomb : 1. condo, humo : v. to 
 BURY. 2. pono, posui, Ttum, j : rrheii 
 the body is e.'d, corpore posto (posito), 
 Lucr. J, 884: Virg. : freq. in p. part., 
 positus, Ulp. Dig. J4, I, 18, fin. (esp. in 
 epitaphs). 
 
 entombment: sgpultura: v.BCRtAL. 
 
 entomological : •entomologicus. as 
 BCient. t. t. P h r. : an e. work, "liber 
 'le insect orum natura scriptus: v. rxsECT. 
 
 entomologist: *ent6mol6gicus, as 
 scient. t.t. Phr. : a leoj-ned e., *honio 
 ■nsectorura naturae peritus. 
 
 entomology: •ent6m616gia,a8scient. 
 t. t. : V. preced. artt. 
 
 entOZOa: *ejus generis animalrula 
 (jiiae intra corpora aliorum animantium 
 versantur (quae entnzoa dicuntur). 
 
 entrails : viscera, exta, ilia : for 
 
 Si/n- V. IN'TtSTINES. 
 
 entrance {subs.) -. |. Tl,e act of 
 entering: 1. ingressio: to be for- 
 bidden e. into thf. forum, ab in. fori 
 propulsiiri, Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 9 : the form 
 ingressus also occurs, Caes. 2. in- 
 troitus, us (for si/n. v. to enter) : e. by 
 nlyht into .Smi/ma, nocturnus in. Sniyr 
 nan), Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5 ; at his very first 
 e.. piimo statim in., Tac. 3. expr. 
 
 by veri) ininwxliately on his e., *ut 
 pVinium introiit, intravit : those vho 
 effected an e. there, quo qui intra verant, 
 Caes B. G.. I. 7?: (the dictator) malces 
 his triumphal e. into the city, tri- 
 umphans urbiin invehitur, Liv. : v. to 
 ENTER. II. TJie right of entering to 
 the presence of a king. etc. : jus adeundi, 
 Cic. Fam. 4, ",fin. : these hare constant 
 right of e. to tlie king, *his patet semper 
 aditus ad regem : v. access. ||J. 
 
 Concrete, a pUice for entering: 1. 
 introitus, us : all the e.s had been blocked 
 up, onmes in. praeclusi erant, Caes. : 
 Oil. 2. ailitus. lis: v. approach (II.). 
 3. OS. Otis, n. : (mnuth ; of a gulf, 
 cavern, etc.) : at the e. of the Euxine, 
 In ore Ponti [et angustiis], Cic. Verr. 4, 
 58, 129 (fur whicli immediately after, 
 ad iutroitum Ponti). Join: In ipso 
 aditu, atque ore (portus), Cic. 4. 
 
 ostium (like preced.) : v. mocth. Phr.: 
 just at the very e., in ipso limine (v. 
 THRESHOLD) : jitst at the iiarroue^t port 
 of the e. to the harbour, qua fauces erant 
 jingustissimae portus, Caes. B. C. i, 25. 
 ■nie<l. : at the e. of the pnrvince, in prima 
 provimia. Cic. Fam. J, 6. 
 
 entrance-fee : (»< school} perh. 
 MiriervaU alls, n. : cf. VaiT. R. R. ?. 2, 
 /rn. In wider sense perh. *honos aditi- 
 alis (cf. epulae aditiales, Plin. 29, 4. 14): 
 
 V. FEE. 
 
 entrance (.«■) •• I. 5T P"t in a 
 trance : nearest word perb. consopio, 4: 
 cf. Cic. Tusc. I, j8, 92 : " Kndymion a 
 Luna cons'ipitus putatur." More pre- 
 cisely, •animi quaM excessum e corpore 
 efflc'-re (?). ||. To delight exceei-iingly : 
 capio, rapio; v. to enrapture, ravish. 
 
 entrancing (<kO-) ■• suavissimus (?) : 
 
 ». DELIGHTtUL. 
 
 entraw : 1. ine.sco, i (by a bait) : 
 lo e. dumb animals by n bait, nmta 
 262 
 
 animaliaciboin., Petr. Fig.: toe.men, 
 in. homines. 'I'er. Ad. 2, 2, 12: Liv. 
 
 2. capio, ! : v. TO CATCH. 3. 
 
 expr. by peiiica (a foot-trap), laqueus 
 (a noose). Tile (a net); with a verb: 
 (caught fast in the ice) just as if e.'d, 
 velut pedica capta, I.iv. 21, it, fin. : to 
 e.game, laqueis eaptare feras, Virg.. v. 
 TRAP, SET. 4. irretio, 4 (strictly, in 
 a net) : v. TO ensnare. 
 
 entreat : 1. obsecro, i (earnestly 
 to make appeal to) : he e.s and adjures 
 you bv his old age, te obs. obtestaturque 
 per senectutem suam, Cic. : / e. your 
 protection, obsecro vestram fidem, PI. : 
 V. TO beseech. 2. obtestor, i (still 
 stronger than preced. : v. supr.) : v. to 
 adjure, fin. 3. ore, I (to pray tn, 
 
 as to a ileity ; to impUn-e) : v. to im- 
 plore. 4. prewjr, deprecor, i : v. 
 to prat. 5. p5to, J : v. to beg. See 
 also to ask. 
 
 entreaty : 1. prScem, e,/. (nom. 
 and gen. sing, obsol. ; and more freq. 
 in pi. : any prayer or earnest request) : 
 neither by e.s nor bribes to be led astray, 
 nee prece, nee pretio a recta via di duci, 
 Auct. Her. : he made use of the most 
 urge>d, most imimtunate e.s, omnibus p. 
 
 petere coniendit, ut Caes. B. G 5, 
 
 6 : comp. fatigare aliquem precibus, Liv. 
 I, II : v. prayer. 2. rSgatio, rogatus 
 (tlie latter only in abl.) : v. request. 
 3. obsecratio (earnest appeal): 
 Join:' piece et obsecratii me (hiimili) 
 uti, Cic. 4. obtestatio (like preced., 
 but stronger) : to descend to tlie most 
 humiliating e.s, ad infimas ob. pro- 
 cumbere, tac. A. I, 12, imt. Join: 
 in pieces obtestatlonesque verti, Liv. 
 5. deprecatio (for forgiveness) : 
 deprecatio ejus facti,"Cic. Part, j-;, iji. 
 Phr.: obtained by e., to nhich no claim 
 of right can be made, prfcariiis, Liv. : 
 Tac. : a/lv., precario, by entreaty, Tac. 
 
 entrepot: emporium (a centre of 
 tra[hi): Liv.: Plin. 
 
 entrust : 1. credo, didi, ditum, 
 J (from a feeling of confidence : in this 
 sense with ace. and dut.) : to e. every- 
 thing to one man, c. omnia uni, Cic. 
 Man. 23, 68 : (Quintilius) not on such 
 terms e'd (to the care of the gods), non 
 ita creditus, Hor. Od. i, 24, 11. Join : 
 committere atque credere (aliquid ali- 
 cui), Cic. 2. concredo, j (strength- 
 ened from credo : less freq.) Join: 
 commendare et concredere, Cic. 3. 
 commendo, i (formally to consign to a 
 person's care) : v. to commend. 4. 
 comiiiitto, misi, ssum, ; (to cnnmit to a 
 person's honour, whether with trust or 
 without): Join: committere et credere 
 (where the former denotes ratlier the 
 act, the latter the feeling with which it 
 is done); commendare et commitiere, 
 Ter. 5. perniitto, j (to leave to the 
 power of ; " commissus fidei, permissus 
 potestati," Cic. Font. 14. Jo) : the cm- 
 duct of the war is e.'d to him, summa 
 ei belli admtnistratio permiititur, Caes. 
 B. C I, j6. 6. de^>ono, jwMii, itum, 
 J (strictly, to put in a place of safety, 
 as money ): Fig.: e. your secret to safe 
 ears, quidquid habes tutis depone auri- 
 bus, Hor. : Cic. : v. to deposit. 
 
 entrusted: fldiiciarius (giveti on 
 trust) : Caes. : Liv. 
 
 entry : I. The act of entering : 
 inirQitus, us : v. entrance. ||. A 
 passage for entering : aula(?): v. court. 
 See also entrance (III.), and passage. 
 III. That which is nritten down or 
 registered : I' h r. : to make an e. of 
 anything, aliquid in tabulas referre, Cic. 
 (v. TO enter, B., IV.) : tomake (^formal) 
 e. of the particulars of a transaction 
 and conclude it, nomina facere, nego- 
 tium conficere, Cic. Off. }, 14, 59 (numen 
 is esp. used for the e. of a debt : v. 
 DEBT) : book-keeping by double-e., *ra- 
 tiones (accepts et expensi) per bines 
 codices confectae (?). 
 
 entwine : 1. impltoo, avi and 
 ui, atum and ituni, i (to fold one thing 
 in or ujion anotlier): as the clinging 
 ivy creeping fiilher and thither e.s a 
 tree, ut tenax hedera hue et illuc ar- 
 
 borem im. errans. Cat. : (Canidia) voith 
 hair e.d tvitU vipers, implic&ta viperis 
 crines, Hor. : to e. one's temples with a 
 qreen bough, tempora im. frondenti 
 ramo, Virg. 2. implecto, xi, xum, 
 
 J (to tw-ist together : rare except in 
 p. part.) : (the Eumenides) with snakes 
 e.d in their hair, implexae crinilius an- 
 gUfes, Virg. : Plin. 3. circumplico, i 
 (to twine round) : a monster e.d about 
 with serpents, circumplicata serpentibus 
 bellua, Cic. 4. redlmio, 4 (to tie, as 
 with a band, wreath, etc.) : n-ith the 
 temples e.d with bay, redimitus tempora 
 lauro. Tib. : Ov. : v. TO wreathe. 5. 
 necto, xui, xum, j (to fasten together) : 
 to e. a garland (i. e. make one by e.ing 
 flovers together), n. coronam, Hor. 6. 
 innecto, j (with ace. and dot. : to e. 
 upon) : to e. tme's arms about a person's 
 neck, in. brachia coUo, Stat. : Virg. ; Ov. 
 enumerate : 1. ennm«ro, i : it 
 woidd take too long to e. the battles, 
 loiigum est e. proelia, Nep. : Cic. 2. 
 numgro, diniimero, i : v. to count. 
 Phr.: nor is it needful to e. them (the 
 kinds of vines), neque enim nnmero 
 cumprehendere refert, Virg. G. 2. 104 : 
 they were e.d, numenis (euruni) iniius 
 est, cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 76 med. 
 
 enumeration : 1. enumeratio, 
 
 Cic. 2. expr. by numerus : tlu-.re can 
 be no e. of their names, nee nomina 
 quae sint est n., Virg. G. 2, 104: to 
 make an e., numerum inire, Caes. 3. 
 rfcensio (as the result of a review or 
 sMJi'ei/) : Suet. 4. commeiiiSratio- 
 V. recital. 
 
 enunciate : I. To predicate ■ 
 
 enuntio, i: vhatever is e.d (=^ every 
 proposition), quidquid enuntiatur, Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 29, 9; : V. TO state, predi- 
 cate. II. To give utterance to sounds : 
 exprimo, articulo : v. to articulate. 
 
 enunciation : \. Tlie act of sta- 
 ting, predicating ; enuntiatio (setting 
 forth in any way) : Quint. ||. Of 
 articulate sounds : explSnatio : v. arti- 
 culation. Phr.: to bestow care on 
 the crrrect e. of every letter,* curam ad- 
 hibere ut propria exprlmatur unaquae- 
 que Utera. 
 
 envelope (».) ■• 1. invoivo, vi, 
 
 litum, 3: the fire es the whole wood in 
 flames, ignis "totum i. Sammis nemus, 
 Virg. G. 2, }c8 : to be ed in smoke, 
 involvi fumo, Ov. : v. to wrap up. 2. 
 circunifundo, fudi, sum, { (with ac): 
 tlie most dense atmosphere e.s it (the 
 earth), quam crassissiraus c. aer, Cic. 
 N. 1 1. 2, 6. 17: esp. poet., the goddess 
 e.d them with a mantle of mist, nebulae 
 (eos)circumdeafuditamictu, Virg. Aen. 
 1,412: Sil. 3. amicio, cui, ctum, 4 
 (as with a mantle) : thy jfair shoulders 
 e.d in cloud, nube candentes humeros 
 amictus. Hor. 4. condo, j : v. to hide. 
 Phr.: let Jove e. the heavens in cloud, 
 nube poium pater occupato, Hor. : v. to 
 cover. 
 
 envelope («<*« ) ■• involucrum (any 
 wrapp-nr or coating) : Cic. • Plin. 
 
 enveloping (04/ •)•• circumfusus (s/ted 
 
 around) : V. To EN\ ELOPE (2). 
 
 envenom: '■ e. to render virulent: 
 perh. exa^pero, i : v. to exasperate. 
 Chiefly used in p. part. : v. foil. art. 
 
 envenomed (part, adj.): chiefly 
 used fig., tinctured leith malice, Itatred, 
 etc. : Phr.: e. spite, malignitas ista 
 multo tincta veneno, Sen. Vii. beat. ig, 
 I : the e. darts of calumny, *delrectan- 
 tium occultae insidiae : the e. ton- ues of 
 informers. *delatoriim odiosa ilia ac 
 pestifera indicia: e. jealousy, *iiividiae 
 stimuli (cf. Liv. jo, 14, init. : " non ho>- 
 tili modo odio, sed anioris etiam stimu- 
 lis " : Tac. freq. Uses stimuli of bitter, 
 exasperated feel ing). 
 
 enviable : 1. dignus cul invideas 
 or invideatur : v. to envy. (Hor. has 
 ger. part, invidendus, Od. 2, 10, 7, but 
 this should not be followed In prose : 
 see L. G. } 254, Obs. 2.) 2, often 
 l)eatus, fortiinatus, optatus, will be near 
 enough : O e. husbandmen, O nlmium 
 fortunatos agricolas! Virg. G. 2, 458 
 how e. is his lot who far from butir
 
 EN VI KR 
 
 EPITAPH 
 
 E Q U A li 
 
 nets . . ., beatus ille qui procul negotiis .... 
 Hor. F^pod. I, 1. 
 
 envicr : (homo) invidus by your e.s 
 and dttracUrrs. a tuis ihvidis et obtiecla- 
 toribiis, Cic. Kam. i , 4, med. 
 
 envious ; 1. in^i"'"* = *''* «■ ""*" 
 
 pines at {Oi't sif/h't of) kis neighbour's 
 wealth, invidus alltriiis niacresclt rebus 
 opimig, Hor. Kp i, 2, 57 : Cic. : v. jea- 
 lous. 2. iiividiosus (usu. pass., ex- 
 posed to jealous ill-nill, Cic): Fig.: 
 ■e. antiquity, i. vetustas, Ov. 3. 
 lividus (i-irulently, aitiveli/ e.) : «. and 
 slanderous, I. et niordax, Hor. S. I, 4, 
 9J : e.obliiion, 1. ol)livioiies, Hor.: Cic. 
 4. livens, nlis (= livldus) Mart. 
 Phr. : to be e. of, invidero, livere (wllli 
 dat.) : V. T<j KN\v. 
 
 enviously; I'hr.: to Umlc e. upon 
 any thing, alicui rei invidere, invidis 
 oculis (Hor. lias denle invldo, Od. 4. ?, 
 16) aliqtiid aspicere v.toksvy. Some- 
 times invidus may do (L <i.^ i-il) ■ ''« 
 e. disparages him, •invidus detreclat 
 laades ejus : they e. look on, *invidi 
 epectant (v. envioi;s) : conip. Hor. Od. 
 J, 24. !2. 
 
 enviousness: v. f.nvy. 
 environ (''■) ■■ cinumdo, clrcum- 
 plector v. TO snitRouM), kncomi'ass. 
 
 environment: quae nobis circum- 
 Btant; in quibus versamur : v. ciutuji- 
 
 6TANCKS. 
 
 environs : Pxpr. by cirmmjeetus : 
 he set Jire !<• all the bnildivgs in thee. 
 ef tite 'city, omnia aedificia circumjecta 
 nrbi incendit, IJv 9 28, fin., or by cir- 
 cnmj.iceo the e. of the city are de- 
 lightful. *qnae circumjacent urbi loca, 
 sunt amoenissima : v. cihcumjacent ; 
 
 SUBIKIIS. 
 
 envoy : legatu:", orator {spolesman), 
 nuniius (Tn&fsCTi^er) : v. ambassaixjr. 
 
 envy (subs.) .- 1. tnvidia (including 
 also ill-mil, in wider sense : v. odium) r 
 no greater lornievt than e., Invidia non 
 majus tonnentum. Hor. Kp. I, 2, 58: 
 Cic. 2. invTdentia: a term coined 
 by Cic. to expr. the active sense exclu- 
 sively : " invidia turn est quum invi- 
 dealur," Tusc. j, 9, 20; " invidentia est 
 aegritudo ex allerius rebus secundis," 
 ib. } 21. 3. livor {virulent, actiie 
 
 e.) ; e. preys on the living, pascitur in 
 vlvis 1., Ov. : sirile and e., malevolenlia 
 et 1., Brut, in Cic. Fam. 11,10 (not in Cic. 
 himself appy.): Phaedr. 4. malignilas 
 (any ill-natuied feeling) : envenomed e., 
 m. isla multo tincta veiieno. Sen.: v. 
 SPITE. 5. obtreclatio (strictly the act 
 of envious detraction : also used by Cic. 
 for envy in general: fuse. 4, 8, 18): v. 
 DETitACiiDN. 6. zelotypia (Gr. ^tjAo- 
 TVTTia): Cic. Tusc. I.e.; V. JEAI.oLSV. 
 1* h r. : to be back-bitten by the trmth uf 
 e., morderi dente invido, Hor. : she gazei^, 
 and pines an ay from e. vith gazing an 
 men's prosprity, videt, intabescitque vi- 
 dendo successus homiimni, Ov. M. 2, 780. 
 
 envy ("•)•■ 1. in^Weo, vldi, sum, 
 2 (strictly, to look with evil eye on ; 
 hence, with d/xt. : 10 a dat. of person is 
 added abl. with prep, or alone [in Tac.]) : 
 veliemently to e. ime's superiors, velie- 
 menter supcriuribus 1., (jic. : herein 1 
 rather e. yuu, in hoc tlbi paulum in- 
 video, Cic. : V.TOGRrDGE. (N.B. — The 
 r!S. must be expr. impersonally : 
 G. i 2J4, Obs. 2.) 2. livco, 2 (lor 
 
 byn. V. ENVY, subs.: only with dat. of 
 person ; rare) : Tac. : Mart. I' li r. : to e. 
 any one a little, subinvidtro alicui, Cic. 
 Fam. 7, 10. See also jeai.dis (to bk). 
 
 enwrap : invoivo, j -. v. to wkw lp. 
 enwreathed : impiicatus, inncxus : 
 
 V. TO entw r n 1:. 
 
 epact : epactae, arum,/. (Gr. eTraxTat, 
 SC. T)ju.cpai) : Isid. 
 
 epaulet: (?) humSrale, is: an ar- 
 ticle of military costume, n-om on the 
 shoulder, I'aul. Dig. 49, 16, 14. (Or 
 c.xpr by circuml., *omamenttiin mili- 
 tare quod in humeris gestatur.) 
 
 ephemeral: I. Lit.: lasting 
 one day : diurnus (rare in this sense) : 
 to fulfil their e. destiny (of the '• sparti " 
 -which sprang from the serpent's teeth), 
 implesse aetatls fata diuma suae, Ov. 
 
 Her. 6, }6. Or expr. by circ-uml, qui 
 
 unum diem vlvit. Cic. ||. Fig.: 
 
 sliort-live<l : 1. brC-vis, e: v. iirief. 
 
 2. (aducus (fading, perithablr) : 
 
 Cic: Ov. : V. TRANSIENT. 
 
 ephod : siiperhQmerale, is, ji.; Hier. 
 
 ephor ; ephOrus, Cic 
 
 ephoralty : epbororum magistratus, 
 dignitas: v. okfke. 
 
 epic: 1. Cp'*^"**: <"' e.jvu-t.ptiem, 
 poeta, poema e., Cic 2. herotciis : 
 v. HEROIC. Phr.: e. poetry, fX»y^(neut., 
 and only In nom. and ace), Hor. S i, 10, 
 4}: Mart.: a svan of e. strain ,}Awo\W\ 
 carminis ales, Hor. Od. i, 6, 2 : the sub- 
 jects of e. poetry, res gestae reguniqui- 
 ducunique et trlstia bella, Hor. A. P. 75. 
 
 epicene : f picoenus, Donat. 
 
 epicure: Kpicuri de grege porcus, 
 H.ir. Kp. I, 4, 16. See voLrpTLAKV. 
 
 epicurean: I. ''mnrcted uith 
 
 Kpicurus : Epiciireus (both as adj. and 
 subs.), Cic. II, Devoted to indul- 
 
 gence : homo voluptarius : v. \ oi.fpti- 
 
 ABY, .SENSUALIST. 
 
 epidemic: I. -44/-. epidemus, 
 
 Amm. 19, 4, ad fin. Phr.: the direase 
 became e., late "vis morbi evagaia est, 
 Llv. : V. TO SPREAD. II, Subs., lubes 
 (lues) epidema, Amm. 1. c. : see also 
 
 PLAGUE, PESTILENCE. 
 
 epidermis : 'summa cutis quae epi- 
 dermis appillatur. 
 
 epiglottis: i'-piglossis,Tdis,/.; Plin. 
 epigram .' f pigramma, Jitis, n. ; Cic. 
 
 Mart. 
 
 epigrammatic : epigrammattcus. 
 
 Span. I'lir. : u-ith e. point, *acute et 
 epiprannnaiis prope modo dictum. 
 
 epigrammatist: 1. epigram- 
 
 matista, m.; Sid. 2. epigrammala- 
 rius, Vop. 
 
 epilepsy: 1. morbus comitiiilis 
 (so rallid from the occurrence of a fit 
 of it serving to render lb" holding of 
 comitia illegal) : to be seized with a ft 
 of e., c. morlx) corripi, Plin. J2, 4, 14: 
 Sen. (The disease was also called mor- 
 bus sacer and morbus major, Cels.) 
 2. morbus ciiducus (falling sick- 
 ness), Ajiul. 3. epilepsia (Gr. iin- 
 X-qij/ia): Lampr. Phr.: to recover per- 
 sons fr07n a Jit of e., comitiales erigere, 
 attoUere, Plin. J2, 4, 14. 
 
 epileptic: 1. comltialls, e: e. 
 
 maladies, c. morbi, Plin. : v. preced. art. 
 2. fpTlepticus: V. Fore. *.u. 
 
 epilogue: fpilogus, Cic: Quint. 
 
 epiphany : epiphania, Amm. : Isid. 
 
 ei'iscopal : eplscOpalis, e, Prud. 
 
 episcopally : episcOpalTter, Aug. 
 
 episcopate: SplscOpatns, us, Tert. 
 
 episode : 1. embollum or -on 
 
 (Gr. en^dAiof) : Cic Sext. 54, 116. 
 (Klsewhere, In Q. Fr. ?, i, ad Jin., Cic. 
 writes the word as Gk.) 2. excur- 
 sus, iis: V. DIGRESSION. 3. *epist>dium 
 (Gr. e)r«(ro6toi'), Kr. Phr.: to intro- 
 duce a charming t., *niinticam narra- 
 lionem (fabulam) in libruni includerc, of. 
 Cic. Q. F. 1. c : to embellish a uork vith 
 c..',*varietate fabularum inclusarum opus 
 distinguere (cf. Liv. 9, 17 : " varietali- 
 bus distinguendo opere, legentibus velut 
 ainocna deverticula quaerere"); *varie- 
 tatem fabularum nanalioni inlerjiccre. 
 intertexere : that you wouUl treat it as a 
 kind if e. in your general narrative, ut 
 a cfinllnenlibus tnis scriptis, sccernas 
 banc qua.si fabulam, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, }. 
 
 epistle : fpistola, Uterae, arum : v. 
 
 LETTER. 
 
 epistolary : expr. by eplstola, lite- 
 rae : e. corresj)onde)ice, epistolarum com- 
 mercium: v. correspondence (II.): e. 
 style, *scribendi genus ad eplstolas scri- 
 bendas aconnnuidatum. (Kpistolicus 
 occuiTed in Varr. in the litle of a work, 
 Gell. 14. 8; and epislolaris is found in 
 Aug. [epistolare colloquium, ad Marcell. 
 5], but both are better avoided.) 
 
 epitaph : 1. titulus (sepulcri) : 
 
 Juv. 6, 2 jo: Aus. epitaph. 20 : also 
 titulus sepukralis, Aus. pref. epitaph.; 
 or even titulus alone, ib. 10. 2. ep'- 
 taphium (strictly Gk.) : Aus. pref. epi- 
 taph. 3. elogium (when the ep. is '.-/ 
 a senttntious iharaeter): t'lc. Sen. 17. 
 
 61. 4, carmen incisum in sepulcro, 
 Cic I. c. 
 epithalamium : fi'i'hiiiamium.Cat. 
 
 lem. : Aus. (carmen nuiitlale, any nup- 
 tial n'liy. Cat. 61, 12). 
 
 epithet: fpiiheton. i, v. (Gk. «Vi- 
 
 efrov), Quint. 8, 2, 10 (where upposltum 
 Is given as the Latin equiv.) : .Macr. S. 
 
 6.5 
 
 epitome : 1. f plUime, fs or epl- 
 toma, ae, (Jic. 2. sumniarium, Sen. 
 Ep. 59: *■ nuncbiei'ion'uni dicitur; olini 
 quum Latine loqueremur. summarium 
 dicebatur." 3. breviarium, Suet. • 
 
 Sen. I. c. 
 
 epitomist : •epltflmator, Forceil 
 Gl.^s. 
 
 euitomize : 1. epitomo, i (v. 
 
 rare), Trebell. 2. expr. by fpIiOine 
 (or -a) and a verb: (Uioj haner) ejl thr 
 whole of Oionysius and comprised it m 
 six books, lotum Dionysium sex epiio- 
 mis circumscrlpsit. Col. i, I, iiird. : 
 simly, cogere in epiiomen, Aus. See 
 
 also TK AHKIDGE. 
 
 epitriie : epltiTtus (pes). Gram. 
 
 epoch : i, -^ f'"'^ ''"'< '" recJam 
 from ; *ep6cha. ae (Gr. (to\ti) : :=" Inj- 
 tium cerium aliquoil, unde aniii nume- 
 raiitur," Forceil. Gloss, s. v. (N.B.— 
 Epocha should be cunfini-d to the above 
 strictly tech. sense ) ||, A time or 
 dati: : tenipus, tenipOra ; seciiliim : v. 
 
 AGE, PERIOD. 
 
 epode : epodos, i,m. (also/., Victor.), 
 Aus. 
 epopee: Ppos, n. : v. epic 
 
 equability: 1. acquabllltas: e. 
 of motion, ae. moms, I'^ic. : v. EVEN- 
 NESS. 2. of temper, aequus aniinn.^: 
 
 V. EQUANIMITY. 
 
 equable : aequabills, aequalls, ae- 
 quus : V. EVEN, UNIKiRM. 
 
 equably: aequabiliter, aequaliler 
 
 V. EVENLY. tJXIFORMLY. Join: aWllUl- 
 
 liiliter et constantcr [se hatjere]. Sail. 
 Cat. 2, med. 
 
 equal («'(;'•)■• I. of the same di- 
 mensi<ms : 1. aequus (olten in sense 
 of evfu, impartial : i\. v.) : nn e. sharr. 
 ae. pars, Cic. Verr. }, 19,49: I'er. 2. 
 aeqii.'ilis, {corrisporiding in any di- 
 mension or respect: the proper «ord to 
 e.xpr. precise, mathematical eqiiuiity) : 
 one jxirt of a foot e. to the other, jiars 
 pedis ae. alteri parti, Cic. : e. in eiery 
 respect (of the virtues), ae. et |)ares 
 Cic. de Or. i, 18, 8? : Liv. Oft. uf 'qua- 
 lity of age (=:Gr. on^Aif ), Ter. : Cic. 
 V coeval. 3. par, |>inis (corresjiouo- 
 ingto,matcliiny): at an e. (cmrrsimii.i- 
 ing) interval, pari Intervalio, Gn-.*. It.ii'. 
 i,4f : oftener of abstract c|ualitie> nf 
 e. years and injluence. but m equal birth. 
 pari aetate et gratia sed ili>pa i geiiere, 
 Caes. : e. in afTection Jo, eacti other, 
 pares in amore et aiqu.des, Cic. Am. 9, 
 il. 4. compar, iiris («• e.nly maldvd) : 
 an e. match, c. connuhiiim. Liv. i, 9, 
 med. 5. ]Kir\\\*,i' (^mar about equal: 
 p(*t.): (Vhihmun) of about e. a(/r, pa- 
 rili aetate, Ov. : I.ucr. yearly <;., sup- 
 par, aris, Cic. ||. Ad'quat.': \, 
 capiix ; V. CAPABLE. 2, P"''. paris: 
 asyrt lam not c. (to the task). ad\iuc 
 pares non sumus,Cic Ati. 12. 15 : Quint. 
 3. suffieiens, siiffeciurus : his 
 strength not proving e. to the discharge 
 of cmsular duties, non suftii ientihas ud 
 consularia munera obeumla v Irllius, Liv. 
 2, 8 : ivho though e. to the j.lacr. niiuhl 
 decline it, or though unrqnat iiouUl 
 aspire to it, quinam locum suffecturi 
 abuuerent, aut impares vellent, lac. A. 
 I, I}. I'hr. : to 6€ e. to tlie toil, .^up- 
 peditare lalx>ri, PI. 
 
 equal (S"''*^-): P""". pans: hecanncl 
 bruok an e., iiec queiiqnani ferre potest 
 parcm, Luc. i, 12; Veil.: ofienei in 
 pi., men envy chiejty their e.s or infe- 
 riors, invident homines niaxinie pan- 
 bus et inferiorlbus, Cic de Or. X, 52, 
 209. 
 
 equal ("'•) •■ '-e. to l^ equal to, come 
 up to: 1. a« quo, 1 (with cc): (Ih'se 
 IhjoKs) have noir pretty maily e.'d I e 
 others in bulk. Jam \\\i» lere aequarunl 
 (al. illis se fere aoi.) Cic. Off. 1. 1, ; : an 
 
 2fil
 
 EQUALITY 
 
 EQUIPAGE 
 
 ER ADIC ATB 
 
 arrow e.ing the winds (»" ?pe«<Q. ^agitte 
 aequans ventos. Virg.: Liv. (In Uc 
 Brut ?6, ij8, the pass, reflect, is used in 
 Smiui 'sense, "cum Graeoorum glona 
 Latine dicendi copiam aequatam. ) a._ 
 adaequo, I (with ace.; less freq. dat.). 
 S -d the speed of ships of war, lon- 
 Kamm naviuT^cursum adaequarunt 
 CaS B G. 5, 8: Cic. (who also uses 
 Tc^:. tkatitle tower) might e.VMht 
 of the walls, quae moenibus adaequaret 
 
 (with ace.; less freq. '«<»«•)•«'',«• ''f 
 iity itself in importance (V '^« 2, 
 ra^us), urbem dignitate aeq., Nep. Them 
 6 • Liv. : Cic. poet. 4. exaequo. i 
 Lpreced.: rare): Auct. Her (v. ir;/ 
 5V Ov. 5. assequor, secutus, i (fo 
 come up to, overtake : with a/x.) : I mil 
 'Ttate your kindness to,car\me 
 \Though) IsMU not e. your d^ertsM^- 
 volentiam tuam erga m? '"> t^^^^I 
 merlta non assequar, Cic. J o i n . asse 
 qui et exaequare. Auct. Her. 4. ^-f ■ 
 
 ponality • 1. aequum (neat, ot 
 aeqS?s: chiefly after a P-P;.>" ^f^^ 
 blal phr.): to be on an e. with d^^ty,in 
 .^qurdiis stare. Sea. : to put a mun mi 
 an I with another {deem him egm/)- 
 aUquem alicui in aequo ponere. Uv. 
 tf> en an f N B.-Not aequitas in this 
 
 Mare^, age, status) : to put the woes 
 
 ^ 3 aequabilltas (»w/o'TOi«^) • C^o 
 UtiJv) eUselfU unequal, .p»| aeq^ st 
 
 ir?:;e^ArnVhr^^/.et^.^»a.l 
 
 cum diis ex pari vivit. S^n- EP- 59. H . 
 
 to put one manor, «««-„Tr Zua^e 
 aliquera alicui adaequare, Cic. , aequare, 
 
 ^'equaUzation: 1. '^^n^":' ^^I 
 
 <> pvaeauatio, Liv. 3. aequi 
 - -H^ fieU 4 aequalitas (strictly 
 
 -S^r^a^tal^^-n/r^m^^^^^ 
 
 TO EQUALIZE.) J j/,g 
 
 r rra"erSm'en\"e"Lf;.^°' \ 
 exaequr.: to e. all claims b^corr^ 
 
 ;'uL^r o«<i common soicJ.er might b« 
 
 '•''^'^■«onTr • 1 aeque : the brave 
 
 Snt^aU to tJ our friends e. with 
 oursetoS ae. amicos et nosmet ipsos 
 ourselves, i^ ^ ^^ or ac 
 
 ^•^V 'less' freq by quam (Liv.); ut 
 
 PUn 'iun r " cutniliil aeque ut brevitas 
 
 •Luret" I 2o, t«i«.): rarely by cum 
 
 *^f- • .tmJuei^ifv.adversarumrerum 
 
 -?f '^Sf a!I e (alike) stand in need of 
 r(?/fSo«).eauou^.omnesegemus. 
 
 -ic.i3ff.2;8. "^^ 1 aequus animus; 
 ,/,r^^r*^/aequVa^W NP. 
 
 ^^ „nj; Teniler moUiter ferre : v. 
 cliff (N^aequanimitas. which in 
 T^aooa-mia.prol.Phor.iS-) Ph^- = 
 Jn 'Lturb a man's «•■ commovere, 
 ^rtt^toreaUqueuKV.TODiscoNCEKT. 
 
 DISCOMPOSE- 
 264 
 
 aequatio: v. eQDAli- 
 
 equation 
 
 ^*pmmtor- aequinoctialis circulus, 
 
 tech. t., aequator may be used. 
 
 Forcell. S.l'.) ^ i--i:„. ,, nre- 
 
 equatorial : '"^^""'•'f' ^i^^^IuSes 
 
 red art and equinoctial, (.bomeuiuc 
 Cquatorius may be necessary m 
 strictly tech. lang.) „,,-.„,, 
 eouerry : equiso, Val. Max. 7. J, 2. 
 fi«%^t. c^lls the equerry m the 
 same story, custos eqm, i, 1°) ■ "■ 
 ""^uestrian (.adj-) •• equester, or tris 
 
 Numidarum equis habilem esse, Liv. 
 VqSular:angulosaequalesha. 
 
 ''Tn'«?rtUtailf aequidistans, ntis : 
 pa^X^fn?SV-An Latin .em^ 
 %aU e., circuli parallel., quo* aeq. Latme 
 possumus memorare. Capell.^ Front. 
 Phr.: these places are e.ponv Rome 
 *haec loca pari intervallo ab Roma 
 distant . i^tgri- 
 
 \mmle: censor 3. aequilaterus : 
 Capell 4 aequilatus, ens, Aus. 0. 
 isopleuros^CGr. lao.Aevpo|), Alls. 
 
 LA^?Sr'l.-Pr!byni5men 
 Zu^ to be at e.,parim. libralum esse 
 Co" / 12. nwd.: the stars maintain 
 their e by their very form and fgure 
 
 astra forma iP^ .^^"^T ,rr'"2 
 sustentant, Cic. N.D. 2 46, "T- 3; 
 expr by libro, i . by uhat ueights tne 
 :aS^^i>^m..,quibuslibrataponden- 
 
 bus terra sustineaiur, Cic. lusc. 5. 24- 
 rm cf Luc 5 94: aiire lil.ratum va- 
 Soquae'"st?ne?'orbem: see also s«K. 
 
 ifae'd^sc'^nlkn • W ''«f- '^t 
 
 nraenonderare. Sen. N. Q. J. 1°. 3 ■ J" 
 ^er/Kiis e.{ofa colo.m).ea ratio 
 libi-amenti est, Plm. J4. 1. "v "• 
 fig a state in which ^'^otives^tc^^ 
 balanced: use phr. ^'^^^J ^^]}- jZ 
 quasi, velut: to preserve the e^f the 
 different orders, *quo magis omnes, in 
 cWitate ordines quasi paribus momentis 
 librati coutineantur : v. sy-Pr- 
 
 equinoctial: aeqmnoctialis, e 
 Varr Sen.: Flin. ,, 
 
 equinox- 1. aequinoctium : th^ 
 J^TSutumnale., ae. vernuni auc- 
 tumnale. PUn. : Cic^ : Caes. (who a .0 has 
 dies aequinoctu. B. G. 4. i^) ■ "'« JT, 
 nal e. is also called aeq. pr.immi, Col 
 Q is,init. 2. aequiiioctialeshoraeC?)- 
 PUn I 97, 99. Vhx.: at th^ spring e. 
 (poet), Libra die somnique pares ubi 
 fecerit boras, Virg. G. i, 2o8. 
 
 eauip : 1. anno. i{toft out roUh 
 thf Apparatus of war): things needful 
 for e.ing ships, ea quae usui sunt ad 
 irmandfs naves, Caes Join: armare 
 instrueie (multitudinem hominum), 
 Oic Caec 12 JJ- v- '^'^ arm. a, 
 oriio I (to furnish, whether with arms 
 or other implemenU): to e. a person 
 with arms, aliquem annis o., Virg. : to 
 e. a fleet, classem o., Cic. : Liv. ji. 
 exorno, i (like orno : but more freq. 
 L to adorn: q. v.) : he e.s his ne^^hbmrs 
 mth arms, vicinitatem armis exornat. 
 Sail. Cat. 36 :to e.a fl0^t, classem ex.. 
 lust 4 instruo.xi, ctum, j (to. fur 
 ^•st.«Orv-^"K-Cl).. 5 accmgo. 
 xi ctum, J (strictly, to gird : esp. poet., 
 and in pais:): the youth e. th^!<^J^ves 
 with torches, facibus pubes accmgitur, 
 Virg.: e.'d mtft stwrds, gladus accincti, 
 
 Liv. : v. TO GIRD ON. 
 
 equipage : i- =• carnage of state. 
 
 withretinu^eu. 10)^^^^^Z 
 ac comites, cf C>c- M^- ^ • 5\ j.^tus. 
 
 Seciatio':';;:.'sex'c«ntimuUinClytem 
 
 nestra, etc^ • • I As act: expr. by 
 Jr^'^f^^fe e.o/a fleet, ff^^ 
 
 fhUensl)^ II. concrete. tJat-«. 
 uhich. a thing xs equipped I. anna, 
 
 onim • V. ARMS, IMPLEMENTS. a. 
 
 rrTmenta. orum (esp. tt^e furnitur^of 
 
 sAlBS") ■ V. TACKLING. 6. '"^J; .". 
 
 mentum (most gen. term: that ichxch 
 Tsreq^irid to fit out a per^<^ 'Z^^^f 
 for any purpose) : every kind of mUi^ 
 tary «.i omne m"itare i...Cae8. B G 6, 
 ]o: hunting e., i. venatoruim, Plin^Ep 
 * n , 4 armatiira (only oj 
 
 Iroops):'^- ARMOUR. (Armatus, us, 
 only in abl. case : Liv.) 
 
 naves omni genera armorum omatlssi 
 
 "^ PoSpoise • I. That which serves 
 
 V. EQUILIBRIUM (^init.). (Or pe;h. 1 bra 
 mentum, which was ns-'^ of u^t^"^ 
 sa-ung in any way:cf. Liv- ^8, 5' or 
 aequ-iDondium, cf. Vitr. lo, 8, Afl 4-) 
 ^11 The state of being evenly ba- 
 lanced: V. EQUILIBRIUM. 
 equitable: aequus: V. JUST, IM 
 
 PARTIAL. _ . ■- „ iTTSTlT 
 
 equitably: aeque, juste: v.jusTLT, 
 "^PQulty • aequitas (for the legal sense, 
 
 coS^p^^fp. Dig. V.Vf.^ 'I)' ST 
 (newf. of aequus). justitia : v. jrsmct, 
 
 ''"'^'tV^^i'Cf 1 tantusdem (pr«- 
 ci.Xl^)^^an\: ueight {of silc^), tan- 
 Sm pondus. Dig.: (.icords) "i^^^'' 
 aT^ecEely e. in m.ani"^ quae idem 
 significant ac tantundem valent QuinL 
 2 par, paris : a iMtin icorde. to a 
 Greek me, verl,um Latinum par Grae(^ 
 ret quod idem valeat], Cic. F"'- 2, 4. 
 ij • V. EQUAL. 3. aequipollens, ntis 
 (rare; and only in phil. sense : an e. 
 proposition, aeq. proposuio, Apul. 4. 
 very often expr. by vileo, 2 iff>-?[ 
 money value, with a^c): one gold coin 
 toV e. to ten of siUer, dum pro ar- 
 genteis decem aureus unusvaleret Ln 
 j8, II. ad fin. : this Iword-] is e.to tlw.t 
 hoc idem valet quod . --^^^'^'-'f'^- 
 , ! ; Cic. (v. supr. 2). »' b r. : / take 
 our ,«ord voluptas to be exoftlye to 
 the Greek ^Sor,), idem esse dico volup- 
 tatem quod Graece 1,80^)1-. Cic. *.in-.2'4- 
 iT to te more exactly e., magis idem 
 declarare, Cic. 1. c. : he d^eswhat is e.o 
 . , idem facit (quod), cf. Hor. A. P. 46T 
 equivalent (.'"bs) : tantundem pond- 
 us (a precise e. in weight). Pomp. Dig. 
 IQ c fm. : more usu. expr. by valeo : 
 togivi an e., quod idem valeat, dare: 
 
 "eTuivoSM-- "/*"'-'-- ^"*^^- 
 k'S"' ambiguus: V. ambiguous 
 
 Phr.: to give an e. answer, nihil certi 
 
 respo'ndere (R. and A.). _ 
 
 equivocally : ambigue : V. AMBl- 
 
 "Cuivocate- tergiversor, i {to shuffle. 
 
 curus, and wf confess ■■■-^'^^^1^ 
 versamur. Epicure, nee fatemur, etc., 
 alTZ:J^,^^- to be sif.ent,to dis- 
 semble, to e., tacere, dissimulare t^c 
 
 /in.): or expr. by 'erb, v preced. art 
 ■' 2 ambages, um, /. {enigmatical 
 
 ^Tra-era%,/..lsid. (Usu. bettei 
 expr by tempus; or by a phr.: /r«wn 
 thee, of the building of Konie, a tempore 
 urbis conditae. ab urbe conditio ; v. time, 
 
 ""^eradicate : F « g, to root out. extir- 
 pate- 1 evello, ijvulsum, }: to e. 
 from the Tkind so strong and deeply-
 
 ERADICATION 
 
 ERROR 
 
 ESCAPE 
 
 $taied a belief, e. ex anlmo tantam opi- 
 nioneni, tarn penitus insitam, CIc. Clu. i, 
 4 : utterly to e. vices, mala radicitus e., 
 Lucr. J, in. 2. exstirpo. I : Jo i n: 
 exsiirpare et fundiius toUere (vitia), 
 Cic. Fat. 5, II. 3. tollo, ;: v. to 
 
 ABOLISH, and supr. 4. erado, si, sum, 
 J (lit. to scrape out) : to e. the very 
 principles of licUnis desire, elemcnia 
 pravae cupidiiils e., Hor. ; Sen. 5. 
 rgvello, } (rare in this sense) : to e. old 
 prejudices (lit. tn pluck out old grand- 
 mothers), veteres avias de pulmone rc- 
 vellere, Pers. 5, 92. (Not eradico in 
 this sense : v. Lat. Diet. s. v.) 
 
 eradication: expr. by verb- v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 erase : 1. erado, si, sum, i (to 
 scratch out) : to e. any one's name from 
 the senatorian roll, aliquem seiiatorio 
 alboe.pTac. Ann.4. 42,/H. 2. deleo. 2: 
 V. TO BLOT OUT. 3. i'^duco, .xl, ctuni, J 
 (to obliterate by drawing the flat end of 
 tite stylus acTo.vs) : v. to canckl. 4. 
 oblino, levi, lltiim, } (rare in this sense) ; 
 Gell. {Extinguere quae scripsenit, in 
 Verr. 2, "jo, 172, is not to erase [R. and 
 A.], but to destroy documents altoge.lhei.) 
 See also foil. art. 
 
 erasure: lUara: the e. of a single 
 name, unius nonilnis 1., Cic. P h r. : tn 
 make e.s (here and there) in a tmll, and 
 alter it. tesramentum interlinere, Cic. 
 Clu. 44, 1 2; : tlixre were many e.s, *multji 
 erant interlita. 
 
 ere : prius quam : v. before. 
 
 erect (<"0'.): 1. erectus: an e. 
 gait, e. incessus, Tac. Join: (homines) 
 humo excitati, celsi et erecti, Cic. N. 1). 
 2, 56, 140. 2. rectus : vhile old-age 
 is but begun and still e., dum prima et 
 r. senectus, Juv. j, 26: v. uriuoirr. 
 Ph r. : to cause to stand e., erigo, rexi, 
 ctum, J : {mitare) formed man only e., 
 solum hominem erexit, CIc. (v. to 
 raise) : my hair stood e., comae stete- 
 runt, Virg. : hair e. and bristling, hor- 
 rida caesarles, Ov. 
 
 erect ("•) ■• I. ''o '"«'«« "'"/< •' 
 
 erigo, tollo : V. TO RAISE. II. 71) 
 
 build: 1. pxcito, I (to a height): to 
 
 e. a tomb of stone, sopnlcrum e lapide 
 ex., Cic. Iveg. 2, 27, 68 : to e. towers, 
 turres ex , Oaes. 2. exstruo, xi, 
 
 ctum, } (to raise a pile): to e.a tomb, 
 sepulcrum ex., Cic. I. c. : v. to build 
 cp. 3. stamo, i, utum, J (to set up) : 
 to e. an imp-risliable memorial of en- 
 mity, aetemiim iiiiniicitiarum monu- 
 mentum s., Cic Inv. 2, 2?, 70 : v. to set 
 CP. 4. constituo, ui, iLium, j (to place : 
 hence generally with a reference to the 
 site of the erection) : e. thou four allars 
 by the temples, qualuor aras ad delubra 
 cbnstitue, Virg. H. 4, 541 : he e.'d a 
 temple at thr loot of the i'alatium, tem- 
 plum in radicibus I'ulalii constUuit, 
 Just. : also al)sol., esp. poet. : she e.s a 
 cenotnph, inane sepiilcnun constituit, 
 Ov. Met. 5, 569. 5. pono, pOsui, 
 
 itum, J (esp. of monuments, statues) : to 
 e. a trophy, tropai-ura p., Nep. Dat. 8, 
 med.: to e. a statue to any one, alicui 
 sialuam p., Cic. ■ also of buildings (poet.) : 
 to e. iemph'S, templa p., Virg. Aen. 6, 19. 
 6. Educo, xi, ctum, J (to rear to a 
 great height) : Virg.: v. TO REAR. 7. 
 exigo, cgi, actum, j (to complete) : I 
 have e.'d a monument more enduring 
 than brass, exegi monumentum acre 
 perennius, Hor. 
 
 erection : 5. '?'''« ««< of setting 
 
 tip, building : exstruclio, aedificatio : 
 V. BUILDING. (More freq. expr. by 
 verb : by the e. of the trophy, the Car- 
 cyreans claimed the victory, *tropaeo 
 posito [statuto] Corcyrael sibi victo- 
 riam vindi&ibant : v. to erect.) ||. 
 The structure : aedlflcium, moles (of 
 what is vast, bulky, only): v. building. 
 
 erectly: expr- by a''j-' to ualk e., 
 "erectum (erecto corpore) incedere, in- 
 gredi : v. L. G. { ?4}. 
 
 erectness ; erectus status, incessus : 
 V. erect. 
 
 ere-long : mox, cito : v. soon. 
 
 ere-whlle : quondam : Virg. : v. 
 
 TOBHERLl, SOME-TIME. 
 
 eremite : erCuiiia : v. heuhit. 
 
 ermine : •hermlnla (charter of 1241, 
 ace. to y.) ; *mustela emiinea, Linn. : 
 perh. mus Ponticui, I'lin. 8, }";. 55. 
 
 erotic : 1. (VmatOrius : V. AMATORY. 
 2. erotlcus (Ur. e'pujTiico?) : Gell. 
 
 err : I. '^ ' <■■• to leave the right 
 path : erro, aberro, i : v. TO wander, 
 go A.STRAV. II. To make a mistake : 
 1, erro, i : to e. greatly, longe e., 
 Ter. ; procul e.. Sail.; veliemenler e., 
 Cic. : magnopere [a vero] longeque e., 
 liUcr. 2. pecco, i (more freq. of 
 
 maral error) : esp. with neut. adj., 
 Kmpeiiocles e.s in many other points, 
 Knipedoclesmultaallap.,Cic. N. I>. i, 12, 
 init, : to e. in a similar nay, cadem fere 
 p., Cic. I. c. /in. 3. labor, psus, ? {to 
 slip ofl' the right track: us-u. with some 
 delining words) : to e. very seriously, 
 magnopere a vera ratlone 1., Lucr. i, 
 6j8 : to e., to be ignorant, to be deceived, 
 1. [errare]. nescire, decipi, Cic. Off. i, 6, 
 18 : to e. through ignorance, per impni- 
 dentiam 1., Caes. Ph r. : if I e. not, ni 
 fallor, Cic. : v. mistaken, to be. |||, 
 In moral sense: 1. pecco, i : often 
 impers., we ought to lie on our guard 
 against e.ing in that way, cavendiim 
 est ne quid in eo genere peccctur, Cic. 
 Off. I, 8, 26: V. TO sin. 2. delinquo, 
 liqui, ctum, j (to do aught amiss) : Cic. : 
 
 Liv. : V. TO OKFEND. 
 
 errand : mandatum, mandata (pi.) : 
 V. COMMISSION (III.). Ph r. : birds that 
 do the e.s of Jove, aves Internuntiae 
 Jovis, Cic. 
 
 errand-boy : nuntius, tsbellarius 
 
 (letter-car)ier) : v. MESSENGER. 
 errant : errabundus, erraiis, vagus : 
 
 V. WANDERING. 
 
 erratic : I. L i t., given to xoander : 
 erraticus, Cic. : Ov. ||, F i g., irregu- 
 lar, vagarious (of persons) : vagus atque 
 inconstans; parum stabilis, inmiodicus: 
 
 V. INCON-STANT. 
 
 erring (adj.) ; i. e. sinful : peccator, 
 peccatrix (Ij. G. } 598) : v. sinner. 
 
 erroneous ; faisus : v, false. P h r. : 
 all these opmions are about equally e. 
 with..., quae sunt iisdem in erratis 
 fere, quibus..., Cic. N. D. i, 12, /in.: 
 the opinion of his pupil is no less e., 
 cujus discipull non minus magno in 
 errore scntentia est, Ci<' I. c. J 17 : to be 
 led into e. belufs, in errorem rapi, Cic. : 
 V. ERROR. (N.B. — An e. opinion is falsa 
 opinio fCic], not opinionis error [R. 
 and A.] : cf. Cic. Off. 1 , 8. 26.) 
 
 erroneously : iaiao, perpfiram, m&le : 
 
 V. WltONGLV. 
 
 erroneousness : expr. by adj. : to 
 
 prove the e. of an opinic/n, opinionem 
 falsam esse monslrare, evinoie : v. er- 
 roneous, FALSE. Sometimes error, er- 
 ri>res (cf L. G, $ 591) may do : to slu)w 
 the e. of the system of I'tolemy, •Ptole- 
 maei errores arguere : v. eruor. 
 
 error : I. A mistake : 1. error 
 (either o course of error, or any parti- 
 cular erroneous opinion) : to leaxl the 
 inexperienced intoe., imperilos iiiducere 
 in errorem, Cic. : to refute or remove an 
 e., e. toUere, Cic. Rep! I, 24 : / shall be 
 thanhful to be delivered by you from an 
 e., me libente mihl eripies hunc e., Cic. 
 Att. 10, 4, I,. /in. 2. erratum (a par- 
 ticular instance of error) : an e. (if the 
 artisan (putting a false inscription to 
 a ftatue), e. fabrile, Cic. Att. 6, i, 14: 
 to labour under the same e.s, iisdem in 
 e. esse, Cic. N. D. i, 12, fm. 3. pec- 
 calum (a breach of some direct toic) ; v. 
 blunder, and ii'ifr. IlL 4. very 
 
 often expr. by erro, pecco, i, esp. wiih 
 neut. adj. : to be guilty of very many 
 e.s, permulta errare, magnopere errare, 
 etc. : v. TO ERR. J|. Of the press, 
 
 etc. : *erratum ty pograpblcum, ojwrarum 
 (cf. supr. 1); *error operarum, Bloraf. ; 
 mendum typographicum, Wyttenb. (in 
 Kr.). Phr. : to correct e.s of the press, 
 librum ab operarum erroribus purgare. 
 Wyttenb. (in Kr.) : the book is full 
 of typographical e.s, •plurima insunt 
 flbro vitia typographica ; plurima typo- 
 graphorum incuria neglecta sunt : a 
 clerical e., *scriplurae mendum ; men- 
 
 dum scribendi Incuria admissnm. |||. 
 Moral : 1. peccatum ■ v. gcf, OF- 
 FF.NCE, FAULT. 2. erratum : / will 
 not say for no fault, but not even for 
 an e., ob nullum non dicarn vitium, sed 
 e., Cic. Clu. 48, I}), (lu this sense 
 error is rare, and poet. ; v. L. DicL 
 $. v.). 3. expr. by pecco, with neut. 
 pron. : v. supr. (1., 4.). 
 
 erst : qviondam, 611m : T. formeblt. 
 
 erubescence : rubor : v. blu.sh 
 
 (tubs.). 
 
 eruct. eructation : v. belch, etc 
 erudite : doctus, srCidltus : v. 
 
 LEARNKD. 
 
 eruditely; docte: v. lkarnedlt. 
 
 erudition: doctrina (with some qua- 
 lifying word): he v;as considered to be 
 a mun of very extensive e., mnltlplici 
 variaque doctrina censebatur, Suet. Gr. 
 10. 
 
 eruption: I. of a volcano: i. 
 eruptio (Igtilnm): an e. of Ht. Etna. 
 e. Actnaeorum Igniuni, Cic N. D. 2, }8. 
 init. 2. conflagraiio [e. g. Vesevi 
 moiitis]. Suet Tit. 8, med. 3. '"• 
 cendium [e.g. Vesevi]: Glerlg. pref 
 Plln. Kp. 6, i6. Phr.: before the e. of 
 ilt. Vesuvius altered the face of the 
 netpAbour/ioorf, antequam Vesuvius mons 
 ardescens faciem loci verteret, Tac. A. 
 4, 67 : dui-ing an e. of Mt. Vesuvius. 
 flagrante Vesevo, Suet. : Plin. ; erum- 
 pentibus ignibus ex vertice Vesevi, c(. 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 106. ||. Of the tkin : 
 eruptio : in this sense usu. pi. : ejs on 
 tfie bodies of children, eruptiones in cor- 
 pore infantium, Plln. 2. pustiila. 
 pQsitla : v. pimple. 3. scSbie.s. ei 
 (any rough cutaneous disease) : v. mange, 
 ITCH. Phr.: to cure ex em the head. 
 erumpentia iu capite curare, Plia N. H 
 20, 9, 40. 
 
 eruptive: (morbus) qui emptlones 
 s. pu.>iulas in corpore efficit : v. preced. 
 art. (11.). 
 
 erysipelas : 1. erysipgus, stis, 
 
 Ji. : Cels. 2. sacer ignis: Cels. 
 
 escalade : expr. by scatae, arum. 
 and a verb : to make preparations Jor 
 an «., scalas admovere, Caes. : to ad- 
 vance to the e., niurum scalis aggredi. 
 Sail. ; posilis scalis niuios ascendere, 
 Caes.: to take by e., [oppidum] scalis 
 capere, Liv. : v. scaling-lahdeb. 
 
 escapade: *(aliquid) temere ac li- 
 center foctuin (.'). 
 
 escape (f) •■ A. Trans.: I To 
 avoid, get out of the reach of : \, ef- 
 fugio, fiigi, J : toe. deatfi, mortem e., 
 Caes. : these (evils) are e.d by death, haec 
 morte effugiuntur, Cic. 2. subter- 
 fuglo, J (unob.'erved, in a quiet vay) : 
 to e. punishment or calamity, poenam 
 aut calamitatem s., Cic Caec J4. 100. 
 to e. a danger, periculnm s., Cic. Kam. 
 15, I, 2: (those colonies) had e.d the 
 tempest of the Punic uar, tempeslatem 
 Punici belli subtertugissent, Liv. ii. 10. 
 3. elabor, pfus, i (to slip off oi 
 out: usu. foil, by ex and abl.; in Tac 
 by ace.) : to e. so many serious accusa- 
 tiotis, ex tot tantlsque criminibus e., 
 Cic : to e. the fury of the flantes, vim 
 ignium e., Tac. A. 4. 64. 4. fvado, 
 si, sum, i (to get off from: foil. Ivth 
 by ex with abl., and poet, by acc.^ : to 
 e. the enemy's hands, ev. e manibus 
 hostiuin, Liv. 21. 49, mtd.: Cic: to e. 
 anyone's hands, alicujus manus e., Virg. 
 5, ffigio, i (rare In this sense) : to 
 e. coti'vivtion, judicium f, Hor. S. 1,4 
 100. Phr.: to <■. shipuTeck by tirim- 
 ming. enatare, Hor. : to e. the tomb 
 (poet.), vilare Libilinam. Hor. 0<L 5, Jo, 
 7: toe. destruction (d/ /ire. [cunclis cir- 
 cum flagranliliiis] imiolatuni manere, 
 Tac A. 4, 64. II, To ilude ob.'^en-a- 
 
 tion OT ttiought : 1, fugit, fugiunl, i 
 (with ace.) : whom nothing e.d, queiii 
 res nulla fugeret, Cic. Rep. 1, i : nnlas 
 percliance some things e. me, nisi quae 
 me f., Cic. Oft. with inf. clsu.s* as sub- 
 ject : about Dionysius, tlie thnught qf 
 writing to you e.d me, de Dionysio fugit 
 me ad te scrlbere, Cic. Att. 7, 18. j 
 2. praetfrlt, praet^reunt, 4 irr, 
 (with ace.) : usu. with clause as subject: 
 265
 
 ESCAPE 
 
 ESSENCE 
 
 ESTATE 
 
 it does not e. your notice how difficult it 
 is, non te pr. quatn sit difficile, Cic. ; 
 also with neut. adj. as subj. : can any- 
 thing e. Parmeno, an quicquam Parme- 
 nonem praetereat? Ter. 3. fallit, 
 fefellit, } (implying some antecedent 
 prnbahility that the thing should have 
 passed unnoticed : with ace. : only with 
 a clause for subject) : nor did it e. 
 Caesar that .... neque Caesarem fefel- 
 lit, quin..., Caes. : also with ace. ami 
 inf.: Cic. 4. lateo, 2 (usu. with 
 nom. case for subject) : nor did Juno's 
 tviles e. the eye of her brother, nee latuere 
 doll fratrem Junonis, Virg. ■ Ov. (Me 
 latet, non me latet, impers., are without 
 authority from the best ages of Latinity ; 
 Nizol. s. V.) B. In trans. : |. 
 To get away : 1. effiigio, j (both foil. 
 by prep, and ahl. ; and absol.) : to e. 
 Jrom battle, e. praelio ef., Cic. : he pre- 
 vents the fishes from e.ing, pisces ne 
 effugiant, cavet, PI. : Cic. 2. elabor, 
 J (for syn. v. supr. A., I.) : souls that 
 have e.d from their bodily tenements, 
 animi e corporibus elapsi, Cic. : having 
 e.d the weapons of the Achaeans, telis 
 elapsus Achivum, Virg. 3. evado, ? : 
 V. supr. (A.. I., 4). _ II. As fluids: 
 to obtain exit : 1, eniano. i : Lucr. 
 (of the vital breath), ?, 582. Join: 
 exprirai et emanare, Gell. 19. 5, med. 
 2. eluctor, I {to squeeze itself out, 
 escape with difficulty) : all the water 
 will e., omnis eiuctabitur aqua, Virg. G. 
 
 2. 244- 
 
 escape (subs.)-. 1. effugium: to 
 cut off any one's e., e. praecludere eunti, 
 Lucr. : there vjas no e. in the event of 
 defeat either by sea or land, neque terra 
 Deque mari e. dabatur victis, Auct. B. 
 Alex. : to prevent e., f. intercludere, Cic. 
 (v. TO intercept) : e. from death, e. 
 mortis, Cic. Also ofl., a way of e., esp. 
 in pi. : he shut up every way of e. from 
 the house, effugia villae clausit, Tac. A. 
 16, 15. 2. fuga (esp- poet.) : neither 
 for the great nor the little is there any 
 e.from death, neque uUa est aut magno 
 aut parvo leti f., Hor. : if there were vo 
 other honourable way of e. (from the 
 disgrace), si alia honoris f non esset, 
 Liv. J, 67, ad init. 3. aberratio (v. 
 rare) : / have no other e. from my vex- 
 ations, aliam ab. a molestiis nullam ha- 
 bcmus.Cic. Fam. 15, 18. P h r. : tocut off 
 the e. of the enemy, hostes fugientes e.x- 
 cipere (1. e. to occupy such a position as 
 to stop them in flight) : cf. Caes. B. G. 
 6, J5 : " multos ex fuga dispersos ex- 
 cipiunt": whither to jiee for e. (from 
 death), qua fugeret ad salutem, Nep. 
 Ulon,9, med. : v. preservation, safetv. 
 
 escarpment: *praeruptus locus; 
 munlBienti pars exterior (?). 
 
 escheat (»'•) •' '• e. to revert to the 
 State or to a feudal proprietor : 1. 
 expr. by caducus : when a person' s estate 
 e.'d to the crown, cum bona alicujus ut 
 caduca a fisco vindicarentur. Marc. Dig. 
 28, 4, J : the wife's portion does not e. to 
 the state, dos data non tit caduca, Papin. 
 Dig. 2J, 2, 28. 2. expr. by fiscus 
 
 (the imperial treasury : v. supr. 1), 
 with a verb: ad fiscum cogi, defeiTi, 
 devolvi, Paul. Dig 49, 14, 4;. 3. 
 revcrlor, sus, } : in all these cases the 
 fief e.s to the loi-d of the manor, his 
 omnibus casibus feudum ad doniinum 
 revertiiur. Lib. Feud. 1, 5, med. : right- 
 fully to e.. Jure ad dominum r., ih. fin. 
 .Join: feudum aniittitur et ad do- 
 minum revertitur, ib. tit. •],fin. 
 
 escheat (subs.) : heredltas cadiica 
 (the acy. caducus was applied 10 all 
 property which, like that of intestate 
 persons, went to the state) : Dig. (v. 
 preced. art. 1). Phr. : to sufer e., 
 caducum fieri, a fisco vindicari, etc. ; 
 reverti : v. preced. art. 
 
 eschew *. ^■''•o> fugi" ■ ^- to avoid. 
 
 escort (.subs.) : 1. praesidinm (for 
 protection) .- v. guard. 2. comitatus, 
 us (any attetuiant train) .- v. ketinue. 
 See also convoy. 
 
 escort (^•) •■ 1. deduco, xi, ctum, 
 J (to attend by way of doing honour) : 
 tuluaia great number of highly respect- 
 266 
 
 able citizens e.'d me from my home, quum 
 magna multitudo optimoruni civium me 
 domo deduceret, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, med. : 
 Liv. 2. c6mitor, I : v. to accom- 
 PANT. More fully, praesidii causa comi- 
 tari : v. guard. 3. prosgquor, ciitus, 
 } (to attend to a distance) .- to e. a 
 peison into the country, rus aliquem pr., 
 PI. : to e. a person (same distance) on 
 his way, aliquem proticiscentem p., Cic. 
 Att. 6, }, J: V. to attend. Phr. : tivo 
 legions e.d the baggage, duae legiones 
 impedimentis [in itinere] praesidioerant, 
 Ca'-s. B. G. 2, 19. 
 
 esculent : esculentus : v. eatable. 
 
 escutcheon : insignia, scutum (v. 
 
 Du C. S. VV.) : v. ARMORIAL BEARINGS. 
 
 esoteric : acrOamaticus (Gr. axpoa- 
 fiariKo?) : that some of the vorjcs (of 
 Ariitotle) were called exoteric, others e., 
 ut alii libri exoterici, alii acroaniatici 
 dioerentur, Gell. 20, 5, nvtJ. : or perh. 
 *es6tericus (quem dicunt) : but the w ord 
 is without class, authoritv. 
 
 espalier : *arbor palis aUigata ra- 
 diisque solis expansa. 
 
 especial: praecJpuus: an e. offec- 
 tion, p. amor, Cic. : v. principal, par- 
 ticular. Phr.: in an e. mauner, 
 prae ceteris, praesertim, etc. (t. kspk- 
 ciALLY) : his e. [or first"] care has 
 always been the navy, navalis apparatus 
 ei semper antiquissima cura fuit, Cic. 
 Att. 10, 8, ad med. : v. chief. 
 
 especially: 1. praeclpue (with 
 single words) : v. principally, parti- 
 cularly. 2. praesertim (with quasi- 
 parenthetical clauses) : it is not so much 
 the reputation for wisdom, e. when it is 
 loithout foundation, non tam ista sapi- 
 entiae fama, pr. falsa, Cic. Am. 4, i; : e. 
 in the present state of morality, pr. ut 
 nunc sunt mores, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 5 : cf. 
 Caes. B. G. 2, jo : " praesertim homines 
 tantulae staturae." 3 imprimis : usu. 
 with an adj. (v. particularly) : also 
 with a clause : many circumstances urged 
 him . ..,e. that .. ., multae res eum hor- 
 tabantur; imp. quod..., Caes. B. G. i, 
 }}. (Imprimis may be foil, by tiim, 
 deinde, autem : praesertim denotes posi- 
 tive precedence.) 4. maxime (most 
 of all : hence often used with et, que, 
 turn) : KTi'te me a line, and e., if Pom- 
 pey is leaving Italy, what..., scribe 
 aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italia 
 cedit, quid..., Cic. Att. 7, 12, med.: 
 esp. in phr. quum (turn) . . . turn maxi- 
 me,=rtot only . . . but nwre e. : cf. Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 2J, 96 : " turn exercitationibus . . . 
 tum scribendo maxime." 5. adeo 
 (enclit. : seeL. G.$6i4, i): Virg. 6. 
 prae ceteris, prae aliis : he uas e. dis- 
 tinguished as an aged man, in senectute 
 prae ceteris floruisset, Cic. Am. i, 4. 
 
 espionage : expr. by delatores (in- 
 formers) : thus a system of e. was called 
 into existence, sic delatores eliciebantur, 
 Tac. A. 4, }o : he would not countenance 
 e., *nihil [publicae rei] per delatores 
 egit: the odious system of e., delatores 
 genus hominum publico exitio repert- 
 um, Tac. 1. c. 
 
 esplanade : (?) ambtilacnim, spa- 
 tium : V. promenade. 
 
 espousals: sponsalia, ium: v. be- 
 trothal. 
 
 espouse : spondeo : diico, niibo, mihi 
 jungo: V. to betroth, marry-. (For 
 fig. sense, v. to embrace, IV.) 
 
 espy : consplcor, I : V. to descry, see. 
 
 esquire : *armiger, gri (usu. in 
 inscr. : M.L.): scutiger or scutifer, eri : 
 V. Du C. s. VV. 
 
 essay (i'.) •■ conor, tento, i : v. to 
 
 ATrEMPT. 
 
 essay (subs.) : _ \. An attempt : 
 experimentum, tentamentum ; tiroci- 
 nium (first e.) : v. trial, attempt. 
 Phr.: his first e. in the art of var, 
 prima rudimenta castrorum, Tac. Agr. 
 5; Liv. II, A treatise: libellus, trac- 
 tiltus : V. treatise. 
 
 essayist: scriptor. 
 
 essence: |. Phil. t. t.: formal 
 existence, substa7iee : 1, essentia (Gr. 
 ovtri'a- of doubtful authority in the time 
 of Quint., but necessary as 1. 1.) : Mac- . : 
 
 Apul. : M.L. 2. substantia: v. sub- 
 stance. II. In gen. sense, inherent 
 or essential quality : 1. vis, vim, vi, 
 /. : the eery e. of friendship, omnis v. 
 amicitiae, Cic. Am. 4, 1 5. Join: vis 
 et natura, Cic. Or. ji, II2. 2. na- 
 tura (natural constitution or quality) : 
 V. NATURE. Phr.: t'ne very e. of free- 
 dom ami virtue, libertas mera, veraque 
 virtus, Hor. Ep. i, 18, 8: (a woman) 
 the very e. of good taste, tota meruni 
 sal, Lucr. 4, 1 1 58 : that is the e. of 
 friendship, ea demum vera est amiciti;:, 
 Sail. : the very e. of virtue is honour, in 
 una hiinestate omne bonum consistii, 
 
 Cic. TUSC. ?, 14, 42 (v. TO CONSIST) 
 
 III, Essential oil, perfume : *es- 
 sentia (as t. t.) ; liquor tenuissinius 
 (?subnlissimus); flos succi : (Kr.). See 
 
 also PERFUME. 
 
 essential: I. In pWI. sense; re- 
 Uiting to being: *essentialis, e: Forcell. 
 in Gloss. II. Belonging to the real 
 nature of a thing; indispensalilr : 
 P h r. : confidence is e. to friendship. 
 *sine fide amicitia consistere non po- 
 test ; *minime in amicitia fide super- 
 sedendum est (v. to dispense with) 
 the e. point in a controversy, cardo liti^. 
 Quint. 12, 8, 2: see also main (adj.) 
 
 NECKSSARY', INDISPENSABLE. |||, li> 
 
 chemistry : *essentialis (as 1. 1.). 
 
 essentially : perh. re ipsa or re- 
 apse : v. REALLY. Phr.: knowledge 
 differs e. from opinion, *ipsa natura ai 
 vi distat ab opinione scienlia: v. es- 
 sence (II.). 
 
 establish : I. To make firm, 
 
 settle fnnnly : 1, stSbilio, 4 : to e 
 nuirriages on a firm footing, matri- 
 moiiia tirmiter s., Cic: to e. peace 
 pacem s., Sail. 2. confirmo, 1 : to e. 
 peace and friendship witli neighbouring 
 states, pacem et amicitiam cum prox- 
 tmis civitatibiis c, Caes.: to e. orie'.v 
 health, valetudinem c, Cic. : v. to 
 strengthen. II, To set on foot, in- 
 stitute : 1. inslituo, i, utuni, j : to 
 e. a trade, raercatum i., Cic. : v. to 
 ix.srrruTE. 2. constituo, j (to ap- 
 point and settle): decemviral power 
 being e.'d in all the cities, decemvirali 
 potestate In omnibus urbibus constituta, 
 Xep. Lys. 2: v. to set up, appoint. 
 3. staiuo, J (like preced.) (Numa) 
 e.'d all the departme)its of religion most 
 properly, omnes paries religimiis sanc- 
 tissime statuit, Cic. Rep. 2, 14 : v. to 
 FIX, SETTLE. |||, 'J'o prore by argu- 
 ment or evidence : vinco, vici, victum, 
 } : if I slioiv that (it uas not done) by 
 Habitus, I e. the fact it was done by 
 Oppianicus, si doceo non ab Habito, 
 vinco ab Oppianico, Cic. Clu. 2}, 64: v. 
 TO PROVE. IV. As milit. 1. 1 , to gain 
 possession of a post : capio, p5tior : v. 
 TO take; gain possession OF. 
 
 estsiblishei (part- adj.): Phr.: the 
 e. t7iure/(. ,*religiones lege constitutae 
 (statutae) ; ea ecclesiae ratio quae pub- 
 lice const ituta est; eccle.sia publica: an 
 e. custom, norma, praescriptum (v. rule, 
 
 PRECEDENT, CUSTOM) : it IS an e. fact, 
 
 constat (inter omnes), Cic. (v. A'ireed, 
 
 TO BE). 
 
 establishment: I. As act: 1. 
 continiiatio (the act of maJcing firm, or 
 securing) : the e. of perpetual freedom, 
 c. perpetuae liberlatis, Cic. Fam. it, 8. 
 2. constilutio (appointment, ar- 
 rangement) : the e. of religious matters, 
 c. religionum, Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 2J. 3. 
 expr. by verb : for the e. of liberty, *con- 
 firmandae, constituendae libertatis 
 causa: v. to establish. ||. That 
 which is established : as, (i.) religious .- 
 *religiones legibus constiiutae: v. es- 
 tablished: (ii.) domestic: familia 
 (body nf slaves or servants) : to keep up 
 a moderate e., niediocri f. uii, Nep. Att. 
 I}, med. Phr.: still he kept up afirst- 
 rate e., neque tamen non in primis bene 
 habitavit, onmibusque optimis rebus 
 usus est, Nep. 1. c. : the frugality of his 
 domestic e., instrumeiiti ejus et supel- 
 lectilis parsinionia, Snet. Aug. 7J: see 
 also hoisehold. 
 
 estate: I. •^'t«t«: status, lis: V.
 
 ESTEEM 
 
 ETIQUETTE 
 
 EVACUATE 
 
 6TATE, OONDITIOK. P h r. : to attain to 
 man's e., adolescere, v. to grow li-. 
 II. iMiided property : 1. prae- 
 diuin (strictly applicable only to e.s in 
 Italij ur provinces enjoyivg the jus 
 ItalicDm ; other landed properties being 
 called possessiones, Habicbt $ 47}; also 
 in gen. seiisi) an e. in the country, 
 rusUcum pr., Nop. Alt- 14 though he 
 (Cimon) hail e.s and pleasure-grounds 
 in various places, quuni compluritms 
 loci* praedla hortusque haberet, Nep. : 
 Cic. 2. fnniii\s {any lauded properly, 
 twiall or large) : to lyisit one's e., f. suum 
 obire, Cic. : neither house nor e., non 
 domus non f., Hor. 3. ager, grl : v. 
 FARM, LAND. 4. possessio (a holding 
 of any kind; uhether of J reelioUl pro- 
 perty or otheru-ise) .- he promises the sol- 
 diers land from his oun e.s, milltibus 
 agros ex suis p. polliceiur, Caes. B. C. 
 I, 17: e.s ill Jipirus and the capital, 
 Eplroticae et urbanae p., Nep. Att. 14. 
 Phr. : au e. at Tusculum, Tusculanum 
 (sc. praediuni). Cic. : to stay at your e. 
 in JCpirus, ut apud te in Kpiro sim, Cic. 
 Att. }, 7. init. Ill, An order or class : 
 Ph.r. : the three es of Hie realm, •civita- 
 tis (reipiiblicae) ordines terni : v. ori>kr. 
 
 esteem: I. To consider, judge of : 
 aestimo, puto, etc. : v. to think, con- 
 sider (IV.). II. Tb entertain esteem 
 for: 1. dIUgo, lexi, ctuni, j (to lore 
 on grounds of respect and appreciation) : 
 to respect and e. any one, aliquem ob- 
 serxare et d , Cic. : v. to love. 2. 
 observo, i (to treat with re.fpect) : v. to 
 BKSPECT. 3. niagni, pluris, maximi 
 vr plurimi, facio, feci, tacluni, j (to e. 
 liighlii, more highly, very highly in- 
 deed) ; / have learnt to e. you more and 
 more highly every day. te qnotidie pluris 
 feci, Cic. Fani. }, 4. med. : so with 
 quanti, tanti : how highly I e. Pompey, 
 quanti facio Pompeium, Cic. Siinly 
 with aestimo : v. to vaue. 
 
 esteem (.<«bs.) •■ e.xistimatio (nsu. 
 objectively, the consideration in uhich 
 J, person is held): v. rkputation, cha- 
 racter (III ). Very often expr. by 
 aestimo, facio : vorthy of thr highest «., 
 *inaximl, plurimi aestimandus ; quem 
 plurimi facere oporteat ; you have my 
 highest e., 'te plurimi facio ut debeo: v. 
 preced. art. fln. (Dignatio appiars to 
 be used in similar sense in late authors: 
 cf. Suet. Vesp. 4: " Africam inlegerrime, 
 nee sine magna dignatione [ho< u-ithout 
 gaining great credit and e. thereby'] 
 administravit.") 
 
 estimable: laudatus.Cic. : v. praise- 
 worthy. (But usu. bonus, optimus 
 will be precise enough : v. e.xceli.ent.) 
 I'hr. : he is a truly e. man. *dignus est 
 quem diligas et carum habeas; *ejus- 
 modi vir est quem vel plurimi ae?iti- 
 luare deceat: v. to esteem. 
 
 estimate («wbs.) .• |. of money 
 or dimension: aestimatio (valuation, 
 assessment) : the entire power of making 
 an e. of a persim's pi-operty, potestjis 
 omnis ae. habendae sunmiaeque faci- 
 endae, Cic. Verr. 2, ;j, iji: to deliver 
 an e. (nf expense contemplated), ae. tra- 
 dere, Vitr. 10, pnf. : if the e. is exceeded 
 by not nun-e than 2; per cent., si non 
 amplius quam quarta ad ae. est adjici- 
 enda, Vitr. 1. c. P hr. : when the outlay 
 conesponds to the e., quum ad dictum 
 imperisa respolidet, Vitr. 1. c. : to be 
 careful in drauing out e.s, diligenter 
 modum expeiisiuuui explicare; caule 
 sunimaque <liligcntia [antequam insti- 
 tuantur] opcruin rationes expedite, 
 Vitr. I. c. See also to estimate. ||. 
 In wider senno, judgment, appreciation : 
 1, Judicium (any judgment or deli- 
 berate! 1/ foi itied opinion): to form an e. 
 of people s worth, j. facere quanti quis- 
 que faciendus esset, Cic. Fam. ij, 29, 
 init. : to disappoint any one's e. of you 
 (by misco7uiuct), allcujus J. fallere, Auct. 
 B Alex. 15. 2. aestTmiitio : to form 
 a Imver e. of mieself than is formeil by 
 others, infra aliorum aestimationes se 
 metiri. Veil. 2, 117, /in. Phr.: to form 
 an e. of any one, judicare de aliqiio. 
 Brut, in Cic. Kam. n, 10. 
 
 estimate (».) : 1. aestimo. I : to 
 e. the damages or penalty, litem ae., 
 Cic. : Liv. : Nep. : mte half tite size tf 
 Hritain, as is e.d. dimldio minor i.t 
 aestimatur quam Briunnia, Caes. B. G. 
 5. I?. 2. ccnseo, 2: v. to A&8E.S&. 
 Sec also to caixllatk, a)MPUTE. 
 
 estimation: existfmatio, opinio: V. 
 rki'itation. opfmon. 
 
 estop : exclfido, si, sum. j (to debar 
 from I' gal proceeding): Cic. de Or. i, 
 J7. !''«• 
 
 estrange : iiUeno, ^bSilieno, iivOco, 
 
 I : v. 10 AI.rt.NATE. 
 
 estrangement: 1. aiienatio: v. 
 AI.IKNATION. 2. discidium : e.s of 
 frieruh, disddia amicorum, Cic. (N.B. 
 I'issldia, disagreements, are the cause of 
 discidla, ruptures). 3. animus alicn- 
 atus [et olfensus], Cic. Att. i, 17, 2. 
 Phr.: to cause such at* e., tantam vo- 
 luntatis comniutationem afferre, Cic. 1. 
 c. ^ I. See also offence. 
 
 estuary : aestnarium, Caes. : Tac. 
 
 etch : perh. corrodo (acido adhibito) : 
 
 V. To EAT AWAY. 
 
 eternal : 1. aetemus (strictly, 
 without beginning or end if lime): no- 
 thing that hath had an origin can be e., 
 fnihil] quiid ortum sit ae. esse potest, 
 Cic. N. D. I, 8, 20: blessed and e. (of 
 God), beatiis et ae., Cic. Also in la.\i-r 
 sense, u-ithout end (rhetorically) : to set 
 before any one e. suff'ering, ae. aeruni- 
 nam allcui proponere, Cic. In Sen. 14. 
 J4 : the e. city, ae. nrbs, Tib. 2. 
 semplternus (lasti)ig for ever, never 
 coming to an end) : to deny that any 
 thing is «., negare qniilquara esse ae., 
 
 Cic. N. D. I, 12, 29: V. EVERLASTING. 
 
 3. perpetuus: v. perpf.tcal. 
 
 eternally : l" aetemum, perpetuo, 
 semper: v. ever (for). 
 
 eternity: 1. aetemltas: an e. 
 
 [a parte anle'J which no period ff time 
 nieasureil, ae. quam nulla tein])orum 
 circumscriptio nietiehatur, Cic. .N. I). 1, 
 9, 21 : through all e. (of God), in onmi 
 ae., Cic. In laxer sense of that which 
 is to last for ever: e. and immortality, 
 ae. et immortalitas, Cic. in Pis. {, 7. 
 2. expr. by aeternus, semplternus 
 (of that which does mil cimie to an end) : 
 to enjoy an e. of existence, s. aevo friii, 
 Cic: V. eternal, immortal. Phr.: 
 for all e., in aelernuin. Liv. ; in omne 
 aevum, Hor. : v. ever (tOR). 
 
 eternize: aetenio. I : Hur. Oil. 4, 14, 
 ;. (Or bycircuml. aeternitatem [gloriae, 
 famae]dare; alicujusrei famamaeternam 
 or sempitcrnam reddere : v. preced. art.) 
 
 etesian winds : Otesiae, arum, m. .- 
 
 Caes. : Cic. 
 
 ether: aether, eris (poet, -os), ace. 
 aethfira, m. (the u})f>er regions of the 
 sky) : Cic. : Virg. : Hor. 
 
 ethereal : aethereus, aetherius : Cic. : 
 Virg. : Hor. 
 
 ethiCi ethical: 1. ethicus (Gr. 
 
 rtdiKoi): for which Cic. u.ses ihe phr. 
 de moribus, de Fat. i, init. : Gell. 2. 
 moralis, e : suggested by Cic. as an 
 equivalent to Gk. ^9t<co5, de Fat. 1. c. : 
 Quint. 6, 2, 8. Phr.: an e. treatise, 
 liber de oflRciis scriptus: v. moral. 
 
 ethics: 1. ethicg, es, /., tjuint. 
 (pars ilia moralis quae dicitur Kthice. 
 12,2, 15): for which Lact. has ethlca, 
 ae; and Gell. ethica res (not in Cic: cf. 
 de Fat. iiiit.) : a short treatise on e., 
 coinpiiidium ethices, Whitby. 2. 
 * philu.sdphia inoriiljs: v. pieced, art. 
 I'hr. : tluj study of morals ue designate 
 e., earn partem philosophiae. quia ad 
 mores pertinet, " de moribus" appellare 
 solemus, Cic. 1. c. (cf. the title De of- 
 ticiis, i. e. cimcerning moral duties): 
 every e. question has Ino asj>ects, onm'ts 
 de officio quaestio duplex est, Cic. OfT. 
 1, J. init. (but ofticium represents 
 chiefly the practical view of ethics). 
 
 etiquette: uws, qsus, os: v. rcs- 
 tom, i:sA(iE. More preclselj' perh. 
 *morinn elegantia (K. and A.). Phr.: 
 somewhat ijnoranl '/ e., simplicior, Hor. 
 .S. I, J, 6}; altogether so, '(plane) riis- 
 ticus atque incomptus (v. inii.ecant 
 awkward}. See also proprietv. 
 
 etymological: ttjujoiogicus : Geii. 
 
 1, I8. 
 
 etymologist: *fiiym6i6gus(Gr. rrv- 
 y.o\oyoi, \air.); etymologiae or etj- 
 mologicarum ratlunum perltus : ▼. ett- 
 
 MOlAKiV. 
 
 etymology: |. The science: 1, 
 etyiiiolOgia : etc Acad, i, 8, J2: else- 
 where ( lop. 8, J5) be writes the word 
 as Gr., giving a.s its equivalent, noiatiu 
 (" lios auteni genus hm- notationeni ap- 
 pellamus quia sunt verba rerum nolae "). 
 2. Stfmologice, es,/., Varr. L.L. 7, 
 I, 4 (who, however, writes the word as 
 Gk. lib. 5, init.: and uses etymologia. 
 Lib. 7, /in.). 3. explicaiio verlhjrum, 
 Cic. Acad. I. c 4. dlsclplina verlxirum 
 orlglnis, Varr. L. L. 7, ^ 1-39. ||_ 77,, 
 deriratiim of a jmrticular ivord: 1. 
 gtymolcjgica ratio : to explain a word by 
 a false e., vocabulum resolvere ratlone 
 et. falsa, Gell. i, 18. 2. &rigo, inls, 
 /. : books amcfnrnivg the e.s tf wwdt, 
 libri de verborum originibus, Varr. lib.' 
 7, fin.: cf. 5, 7. Plir. : luiking at Uie 
 meree.oflhe word (pomoeriuni). verbl 
 vim solam intuentes, Liv. i, 44 : cf. Cic. 
 Tusc. J, 5, II: "totuni Igllur id quixl 
 quacrimus . . . verbi vis l|isa declarai." 
 
 eucharist : eucharlsiia (Gr. cvxa- 
 
 pi(7Tia). Cypr. : V. IXiRll's SCPPEB. 
 
 eucharistic: euchari.siTcus: Tert, 
 
 eulogist: 1. laudalc^r: the e, of 
 by-yitiii Iniyliood days, 1. temporis actl 6C 
 puero. Hor.: Cic. 2. cantor (one who 
 sings the praises of: rare in this sense): 
 Cic. Tusc. }, 20, 45. 3. pauegyriota 
 (v. rare): .Sid. 
 
 eulogize : laudo, collaudo, 1 : V. TO 
 PRaim:. 
 
 eulogJ' : 1. laus. dis,/. : V. praibE. 
 2. laudatio (act of praise : a set 
 eulogy): uhat laurel could I compare 
 with the e. pronounced by you, quam 
 lauream cum lua 1. conrerrem, Cic. : a 
 funeral e., funebris 1., Cic. 3. pine- 
 
 gyrlcUS: V. PANECYRIC. 
 
 eunuch : 1. eunuchus (esp. in 
 official >ense): Cic: .Juv. 2. spAilo, 
 onis: usu. teiTH of coiiiempt : cf. Liv. 
 9, 17. ad fin. ; Hor. Epod. 9, I J. 
 
 .euphemism: *euphemismus (Gr. 
 (vc^ij/Lno-^b;) : as rhet. t. t. (Quint, ba; 
 derivatio in similar sense, }, 7, 2;.) 
 
 euphemistic : P h r. : an e. expres- 
 sion, *viix (H'r euphemismum (qui dici- 
 tur) usurpatiL 
 
 euuhemistically : *PPr euphemis- 
 mum ; voce de inUustria in melioreni 
 partem delurta. 
 
 euphonious : bene sonans, cf. Quint. 
 I, ?. 4- 
 
 euphoniously : bene (with verbs 
 signilying .«<««</) : Quint. Phr.: that 
 his sentenies might end e., *ut period! 
 bene ac numerose (rhythmically) ca- 
 derent- 
 
 euphony : enphonta, Ponat. : pure 
 Lat. vocalitas. Quint, i, 5, 4. P h r. : 
 for the sake of e., *quo Jiicundiur sonus 
 (literarum) sit; quo Jucundius (melius) 
 ad aures sonus pervcniat. 
 
 etiphorbia : euphorbia or -um : 
 Pliii. 
 
 euphuism : *putida qusiedam dlc- 
 tioiiis affectatio queai enphuisinum a|>- 
 pellant. 
 
 evacuate : I. To Uare unoccu- 
 pied : vacuefacio, J : v. to vacate. 
 
 II, To ivid by the natural jxtssagis 
 egcro, ssi, stum, }r to e. unne, urln.nii 
 e., Pliii. : V. TO void. See also how h* 
 
 III. To uithdraw trooitsfrom : 1. 
 dedfico'. xi, ctum, } (with prae,sidium> 
 thai Argos atid the other toums shiml I 
 be e.d. "ut ab Argis ceterisque oppltll.. 
 praesidia deducerentur, Liv. 54. j;. 
 m<(i. : simly. deducere de oppido pr.ie- 
 sidiuni, Cic. Att. 7, 14. 2. excetio, 
 ssi, ssuni, 5 (of troops or people in 
 general, to depart from : with aU. ali'ne 
 or gov. b}' ex : or ab>ol.) : whereas the 
 Samnite garrison uas purposing to e. 
 (the place) the following night, niium 
 praesidium Saranitlum excessunim 
 proxima nocte esset, Liv. 9, 16, med. : 
 V. TO gfiT. 3. fgrSdior, gressus, j 
 (lite preced.) : to e. a city with one 
 
 »6i
 
 EVACUATION 
 
 EVENTFUL 
 
 EVERYBODY 
 
 change nf raiment, e. urbe cum singulis 
 veatimentis. Li v. 21, ii. 
 evacuation: I. Of the bowels: 
 
 Sgestio, Suet. ; alvi purgatio, exinanltlo : 
 V. BOWELS. Phr. : the e.s, faeces, ium, 
 f. : Med. t. t. \\. "f a fortified toum 
 or a territory : c.xpr. by deduco : he 
 demands the e. of the town, *jubet prae- 
 sidium de oppido deduct, excedere: v. 
 
 TO EVACUATE. 
 
 evade : 1. subterfugio, fugi, j (to 
 shuffle out of) : to e. military service, 
 militiam s.. Cic. 2. eludo, j : v. to 
 ELUDE. Phr. : to e. the point {in dis- 
 cussion), tergtversor, i : Cic. (v. to 
 BQunocATE): lie. e.d the question, alio 
 respoasionem suam derivavit, Cic. Verr. 
 2, I, 5 }, 1 59: toe. a law, legem circum- 
 venire. Marc. Dig.: to e. observation, 
 fallgre (with ace.) .-v. to escape (II.). 
 
 evanescent: evanidus: e. joy, e. 
 gaudium, Sen. : v. transient. 
 
 evangelical: evangeUcus: Prud. : 
 Tert. 
 
 evangelically : *evangeilce : or by 
 circuml., to preach e., "secundum evan- 
 gelii (sanctas) doctrinas. 
 
 evangelist : evangelista : Prud. 
 evangelization: expr. by evan- 
 gelize: V. foil. art. 
 
 evangelize : evangglizo, i : Hier. 
 evaporate: I. Trans.: 1. 
 
 cvaporo, I : Join: difBari atque eva- 
 porari, Gell. 19, ;. (Vaporo is to heat; 
 yet vaporatio occurs in sense of evapora- 
 tum, GeU. 1. c.) 2. disciitio, ssi, 
 
 ssum, J : the dew is e.d by the sun, ros 
 discutltur a sole, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 5 : v. 
 to dispeese. 3. exhalo, i : v. to 
 EXHALE. II. In trans. : expr. by 
 pass, of verbs under (1.): it is the 
 lightest part of it which e.s, in ea levis- 
 simum est quod evaporatur, Gell. 1. c. : 
 V. supr. Phr.: to e. from water, ex 
 aqua exprimi atque emanare. Cell. 1. c. 
 evaporation : l._ evaporatio : 
 
 Sen. : GeU. 2. vaporatio : e. must 
 necessarily take place, iiecesse est fieri 
 v., Gell. 19, 5. 3. exhalatio : v. ex- 
 halation. 
 
 evasion : 1. latebra (a shift, sub- 
 terfuge): cf. Cic. Div. 2, 20, 46- "te 
 mirificam in I. conjecisti." 2. ter- 
 giversatio {shufflivg) : Join: mora et 
 tergiversatio. Cic. Mil. lo, fin.: comp. 
 Auct. B. Afr. 8, med. 3. ambages, 
 um, /. {round-about speech) : cf. Ter. 
 Heaut. 2, 3, 71. Phr.: to practise e., 
 tergiversari, Cic. : v to equivocate. 
 
 evasive : ambtguus : v. ambiguous. 
 Phr.: to make an e. reply, alio respon- 
 sionem derivare; tergiversari: v. to 
 
 EVADE. 
 
 evasively : ambigiie : v. ambigu- 
 ously. Comp. precpd. art. 
 
 eve, even (subs.) .- |. of the day : 
 vesper, vespertinum tempus: v. even- 
 ing. II. The evening preceding a fes- 
 tival: pridie {the day before: in this 
 application with ace.) ; on the eve of the 
 Oompitalia, p. Compitalla, Cic. : Suet. 
 Ill, 77«! period immediately before 
 an event : 1. expr. by insto, immineo, 
 impendeo: I think ne are on the eve of 
 . war, mihi videtur bellum instare, Cic. : 
 because sIm was on the eve of becoming a 
 mother, ob iniminentem partum, Tac: 
 V. TO-IMPEND. 2. by jam with pres. 
 imperf. of verbs for to come, etc. : we are 
 even now (m the e. of the return cf Die 
 golden age, Jam redeunt Saturnia regna, 
 Virg. E. 4, 6. 3. by ^ub ^'^h ace. 
 (= on the e. of): on the very e. of 
 battle, sub horam pugnae. Suet. Aug. 
 it: on the e. of the lamentable fall of 
 Troy, sub lacriiiiosa Trojae funera, Hor. 
 Od. I, 8, 14. Phr.: being on the e. of 
 becoming a mother, gravida et jam ad 
 pariendum [vicina.'] exactis mentibus, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 18, 48. 
 
 even (."dj.): |. Level, smooth: 
 
 aequus, planus: v. level. ||, Uni- 
 form, undisturbed : esp. In phr., an e. 
 mind or temper, aequus animus, Cic. : 
 Hor. : v. equanimity, equable. |||. 
 fairly balanced : aequus : to fight an 
 e. (or draivn) battle, aequo Marte pug- 
 nare, Liv. Phr.: to be e. with any 
 268 
 
 one, par pari respondere, PI. True. 5, 
 47. IV. Of numbers, opp. to odd : 
 par, aris : to play at odd and e., ludere 
 par, Impar, Hor. S. 2, J, 248. 
 
 even {adv.) .• l. etlam : the most 
 gen. equivalent for the Eng. (N.B.— Not 
 when there is a negative in the sen- 
 tence : not . . . even, ne . . . quidem, 
 see L. G. $ 656) : we may be safe e. 
 yet, salvi e. nunc esse possnmus, Cic. 
 K. Am. ; 2, 1 ;o : e.if you have nothing to 
 ■uxrite, e. si (or as one word etiamsi) quod 
 scribas non habebis, Cic. 2. vel (esp. 
 to emphasise single words) : / prefer 
 e. monarchy to democracy, [sed tameu] 
 vel regnum malo quam liberum popu- 
 lum, Cic. Rep. j, J4: they may think 
 what they please, and take e. this view, 
 exlstiment quod velint, ac vel hoc intel- 
 ligant, Cic. Fin. 5, 11, JJ. Esp. with 
 superlatives, v. vert (the). 3. adeo 
 (serving to give precision and empha- 
 sis) : you are e. such a one, is a. tu es, 
 PI. : with I'ery great loss and e. ruin to 
 the revenue, cum maximo detrimento 
 atque a. exitio vectigalium, Cic. Verr. j, 
 8, 19. 4. ipse (wiih a subs.) : e. if 
 Salus herself desired to save, ipsa si 
 cupiafSalus servare, Ter. Ad. 4, 7, fin. : 
 e. virtue ^lerself) is made light of by 
 many, a multis ipsa virtus contemiiitur, 
 Cic. Am. 2J, 86. 5. usque (of a limit 
 in time) : from morning e. to evening, 
 a mane usque ad vesperam. Suet. : Cic. 
 Phr.: e. if, etiamsi [v. supr., 1], etsi, 
 
 Ut: V. ALTHOUGH. 
 
 even-handed : aequus, incorrup- 
 
 tUS: V. IMPARTIAL. 
 
 evening (subs.) : 1. vesper, gris 
 and eri, m. ; till e., usque ad vesperum 
 (not -em), Cic. : it ivas now e., jam v. 
 diei erat. Sail. : in the early part of the 
 e., prime vespere (never -o), Caes. : yes- 
 terday e., heri vesperi, (rather than ves- 
 pere), Cic. 2. vespfira (much less freq. 
 than preced.) : they will overtake him 
 by e., ad v. consequentur, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 
 6: from moi-ning till e., a mane usque 
 ad v., Suet. 3. (poet.) Hesp6rus (the 
 e. star): home', e. comes, ite domum, 
 venit H., Virg. 4. vespertin urn tem- 
 pus: Cic. N.D. 2, 20, 52. Phr. : e. 
 comes mi, ad vesperascl t, Ter.: Cic; 
 vesperascit, Ter.: GeU.; invesperascit, 
 Liv.: to come very late in the e., per- 
 vesperi venire, Cic. : a guest who drops 
 in in the e., vespertinus hospes, Hor. 
 (For evening in fig. sense, v. decline, 
 subs.) 
 
 evening {adj.): 1. vespertinus: 
 an e. letter {received in tlie e.), v. literae, 
 Cic. : V. preced. art. ad fin. 2. Hes- 
 perius (poet.) : Hor. 3. occiduus (aj)- 
 pertaining to sunset) : Calpurn. P h r. : 
 what bodes the e. red, quid vesper rubens 
 vehat, cf. Virg. G. i, 251, 461. 
 
 evening-star : 1. Hesperus : 
 
 Cic: Virg. 2. Vesper, eri: when the 
 e. rises, Vespero (not Vespere) surgente, 
 Hor.: Virg. (The forms Hesperugo 
 and Vespenigo are very rare.) 
 
 evenly : 1. aequaUter : V. equally. 
 2. aequabillter : to divide spoil e. 
 {fairly), praedam ae. dispertire, Cic. : 
 see also uniformly. Phr.: to build a 
 wall e. {on a level), ad libram murum 
 aedificare (cf. Caes. B.C. j, 40): e. ba- 
 lanced scales, aequato examine lances, 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 725 : to flow e. on {of 
 style), uno tenore [In dicendo] fluere, 
 Cic. Or. 6, 2t. 
 
 evenness : I. Smoothness, level- 
 ness : aequiilitas (as of the sea) : Sen. : 
 Plin. II. Equal adjustment: aequi- 
 tas : e. of proportions {in a compound), 
 portiijniim ae.. Sen. N.Q. j, 10, j. |||, 
 Of temper : aequus animus : v. equa- 
 nimity. 
 
 event : I. Result, sequel : even- 
 tus, exitus : V. ISSUE. ||, An occur- 
 rence : res, rei, /. ; or in pi., the neut. 
 of adjectives and pronouns without a 
 subs. ; v. CIRCUMSTANCE. Phr.: at all 
 e.s, saltem (v. least, at) : in the e. of, 
 si (v. IF). 
 
 eventful : perh. memSrabflis : v. 
 MEMORABLE. (Or expr. by circuml. : 
 an e. life, 'vita casibus ac periculis in- 
 
 signis: O e. day. *0 diem periculi ac 
 discriminis plenum '.) 
 
 even-tide : vesperUnnm tempos 
 Cic. 
 
 eventual : expr. by allquando : ▼. 
 
 AT LAST. 
 
 eventually: allquando, postea de- 
 mum : V. AT LAST, ULTIMATELY. 
 
 ever : I. At any time : 1. un- 
 quam (after negative, hypothetical and 
 comparative words: also in rhetorical 
 questions): no mortal luis e. been obit 
 to attain, nemo u. mortalis potuit asse- 
 qui, Cic. : if e., si unquam, Ter. : Cic. : 
 ah, shall I ever behold thee, en, u. te 
 
 aspiciam ? PL : Liv. : to outshine all 
 who e. handled oratory, praestare reli- 
 quis omnibus qui u. attigerunt orationes, 
 Cic. : greater than «., major quam u., 
 Quint. : more than e., magis quam u. 
 alias, Liv. 2. quando (after si, num 
 = unquam), ecquando (interrog.): (ift« 
 question) whether new friends are e. to 
 be preferred to old, num q. amici novi 
 veteribus sint anteponendi, Cic: if at 
 any time, si q., Cic; si q. unquam 
 (stronger and more general, Liv.). Ek;- 
 quando is chiefly used in impassioned 
 questions: shall we e. be at liberty to 
 enjoy this oj: our common country, e. 
 communem banc esse patriam licebit? 
 Liv. 3. allquando {on any occasion : 
 more definite than quando) : but if e. 
 at any time, quodsi allquando, Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 10, 20: if e. any thing of the 
 kind should chance to arise, si quid 
 bujus simile forte allquando evenerit, 
 Ter. Heaut. ;, 2, 40. Phr.: e. and 
 a?!««, identidem, Cic. : Phaedr. ||. Of 
 unlimited degree : as, e. so great, quan- 
 tus quantus, quantuscuuqvie, quahtus- 
 vis: V. HOWEVER. Ill, At all times: 
 semper, usque (rare and chiefly poet.) 
 V. ALWAYS, STILL. P b r. : for e. (in) 
 aetemum : he sits and for e. shall sit, 
 sedet aetemumque sedebit, Virg. A. 6, 
 617 : farewell for e.-more, aeternum 
 vale, Virg. Aen. 11, 98; in aevum, Hor. 
 Od. 4, 14, } ; in saecula, Vulg. Rom. 
 i. 25. 
 
 ever-blooming : semper florens, 
 Lucr. {fig.) 
 
 evergreen: 1. (arbor) quae sem- 
 per viret, Cic. Tusc. 5, ij, J7: Plin. 
 2. sempervivus : an e. plant, s. 
 herba, Apul. 3. semper viridis : 
 
 Cic. poet. Div. i, 9, 15. 4. expr. 
 by circuml. : there is said to be an e. 
 plane, dicitur platanus esse quae folia 
 hieme non amittat, Varr. R. R. i, ^, 
 med 
 
 everlasting (a<ij) •• sempitemus : 
 Join: perpetuus {uninterrupted) el 
 sempitemus, Cic: v. perpetual. See 
 also eternal. 
 
 everlasting {s^lbs.) : a plant, sem- 
 pervivum, Apul. ; aizoon, Plin. 
 
 everlastingly: semper, (in) aeter- 
 num: V. KTERNALLY, EVER (III.). 
 
 everliving : vivax : Join: (vir- 
 tus) vivax expersque sepulcri, Ov. 
 evermore for: aeternum: V. EVER 
 
 (/«•)• 
 
 every : 1. quisque, quaeque, quod- 
 que (taken singly) ; e. fifth year, quinto 
 quoque anno, Cic. : v. each. 2. 
 omnis, e (where the sense would be 
 mainly the same if all were used with 
 plur. subs.) : you can't find e. kind {=all 
 kinds) of tree in e. field, non o. arborem 
 in o. agro reperire possis, Cic R. Am 
 27, 75 . e. lover is a soldier, militat o. 
 amans, Ov. 3. quivis, quillbet (any 
 and e., e. one indiscriminately) : 'tis not 
 e. one who can afford to go to Corinth, 
 non cuivis homini contingit adire Co- 
 rinthum, Hor. : v. any soever. Phr.: 
 e. single man, unusquisque homo (v. 
 EACH): e. day, quotidie, in (singulos) 
 dies (v. DAILY, adv.) : e. year, quotannis 
 (v. yearly). 
 
 everybody : 1. quisque : e. for 
 himself, pro se q., Cic. : e. must use hi$ 
 own judgment, suo cuique judicio uten- 
 dum est, Cic. 2. omnes, ium : to d» 
 good to e.. to hurt no one, omnibus pro- 
 desse, nemini nocere, Cic. : v. all. 3. 
 nemo non (more emphatic than pre>
 
 EVERY-D A Y 
 
 EVOLUTION 
 
 EXAGGERATE 
 
 ced.): e. at Arpinam was attached to \ tam apcrtum tamque p.,Cic. 4. 6vi- 
 Plancxus, nemo Arpinas non Plaiicio dene, litis (that speaks for itself, self- 
 
 Stndalt, Cic. Plane. 9, 22 : e. viust praise 
 your plan most uamtly, tuuin consi- 
 lium n. potest non maxime laudare, Cic. 
 4. e. uko, quicunque: v. WHO- 
 EVEB. 5. quivis: v. anv sokver. 
 every - day {adv.) .- quOtidie ; V. 
 
 DAILY. 
 
 every-day {adi-)- 1. qu'itidia- 
 
 nus : e. use. langiuiye. q. usus, semio, 
 Cic. 2. usilalus: v. ordinary. 
 
 everything: 1. q>iiiiq>i<-': e.Otat 
 
 is best is rarest, optimum quiJiiue raris- 
 simum est, Cic. 2. omnes res; om- 
 nia: V. ALL. 3. ""''1 f"" (more 
 emphatic than prewd.): hf arranged e. 
 according to principle, nihil non ad 
 rationem dlrigebat, Cic. Br. }^, 140: cf. 
 
 EVERYBODY (3). 
 
 every-time : nunqiuim non, Cic. ; 
 V. always: e. that, qiiotiescunque : v. 
 
 WHENSOKVKR. 
 
 everyway: I. l" <i'e''y direc- 
 tion : qiioquoversus (-um) : ten feet e., 
 pedes decern q., Calo . Cic. I' h r. : e. 
 jou teo/f, qucicuiique aspicias, Ov. ||, 
 Altogether: oinnino: v. altogether. 
 
 everywhere: 1. uWque {xohere- 
 
 ever it viaij be : hence mostly witli 
 verb sum, and very often in combi- 
 nation with omnis, quicunqu*) : every- 
 body and e., omnes mortales qui u. 
 stmt, Cic. Kin. 2. }, 6- ne must study 
 ■dways and e., studendum semper et 
 u., Quint. : Virg. 2. ubicunque 
 
 (poet. : strictly ii^eresoever : q.v.) : thy 
 bounty, goddess, the nations e. [nhereso- 
 ever they are] tdl of, te, dea, muiilticam 
 gentes u. loquuntur, Ov. 3. ubivis 
 (wherever you please) .- v. anywhere. 
 4, nusquam non (emphatic : comp. 
 EVERYBODY, 3): (natun) phiccs c. re- 
 medies for human ill, im.squam non 
 remedia hominl disponit, I'liii. 24, i, 
 init. 5. (in') omnibus locis: nowhere 
 is titere lighting, e. carnage, nusquam 
 proeliuin, onmibus locis caedes, Liv. ;, 
 45: we believe that God is e. present, 
 *L)eum omnibus in locis adesse credi- 
 mus. 6. passim (here and there; in 
 every direction) : to be e. distributed, 
 divldi p. et pervulgari, Cic. Sull. 15, 42: 
 (it grows) e., even on mountai^is, p. 
 etiara in montibus, Plin. 
 
 evict: evinco, j (i.e. to recover by 
 law) : Dig. See also TO sisposSess. 
 
 eviction : evictio. Dig. 
 
 evidence (suHs.) .- 1. testimoni- 
 um (legal) : to give e. against any one, 
 t. in aliquem dicere, Cic. : e. given by 
 vresent persons, teslimoiiia dicta a prae- 
 sentibus, yuint. : written e.. t. per ta- 
 bulas data, Quint. 2. indicium ((«- 
 formation given): esp. in phr., tu turn 
 I" king s"} e., ind. proflieri, .Sail. .lug. 
 J5 ; ind. offerre, Tac. 11, J5 siiuly, 
 Ind. postulare (to claim to be allowed to 
 do so), Cic. Att. 2, 24, 2,. /in. : [also fidem 
 publicam po^tulare, ib.]: on infamous 
 (because lying) e., infando ind., Virg. 
 See also information, indication. 3. 
 argiimentum (non-legal) : v. proof. 
 4, expr. by testis, is, C: on xvhat e. 
 will you convict me, quo me teste con- 
 vinces ? Cic. : the ring is e., t. est an- 
 nulus, Ter. : v. witness. Phr.: the 
 strongest e. of the truth <f the saying, 
 fides hujus maxima vocis, Ov. Pont. 1, 
 5, ill to give e., testificarl, Cic; testari, 
 Quint. : to call to «., testari, obtestari (v. 
 to appeal to ; witkess) : things which 
 rest upon the e. of our senses, quae sen- 
 sibus percipiuntur; quae omnem sibi 
 fidem senslbus confirmant. Id est in- 
 corruptis atque integrls testibus, Cic. 
 (K. and A.). 
 
 evidence ("•) : testor, arguo : v. t« 
 
 BVINCE, indicate. 
 
 evident : 1. ^penus (open and 
 obvious to aU) : what can be so e. and 
 obvious as . . ., quid potest esse tam a. 
 tamque persplcuum, quam . ., Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 2, 4 : to separate things e. from 
 things doubtful, res eecemere a. a du- 
 biis, Lucr. 2. raanUeistus: •'. mani- 
 fest. 3. persplcuus (to lie seen at 
 •nee): u;A<i< can be soe., quid potest esse 
 
 evidencing) : for what is more e. than 
 this, quid enim est hoc eridentius ? Cic. 
 N'.l). 2, 2. 5 (elsewhere explaim-il as de 
 quo inter omnes coiiveniut, N. I>. j, 4, 
 9). S.>e al.<o foil. art. 
 
 evident, it is : 1. api>aret, mt, 2 
 
 (Gr. iftaivtrai, it shou'SOr declares itself : 
 
 with iuipers. subject): and llie fact is 
 
 e. from this. Idque ap. ex (hoc). Cic. Br. 
 
 jl, 121 : the more conspicuously e. d'xs 
 
 it become, eo magis eminet et ap., Cic. 
 
 R. Am. 41, ./in.; v. apparent. 2. 
 
 pitet, uit, 2 (like preced., but stronger : ^ 
 
 ••itisclearasdaiilight"):siiiceitis\i. feta; ojter lamhrng, mater 
 
 e. therefore .... quum p. igitur (with | 1. c. : a e.-lamb, agiia. Hor. 
 
 ace. and inf.) : Cic. 'I'll 
 
 decurslo (terms applied to the ea <{/ 
 troops on parade) : Tac. A. 2, 55 fde- 
 cursibus cohorlium Interesse], Siiet. 
 tialb.6,/n.[campe8trisdecursioJ Phr.: 
 to go through e.s, decurrere often iii»- 
 pers., they went through their ej under 
 arms, in amiis dccursum est, Liv. 26, 
 51, med.: Tac; to go through tariout 
 e.s (of horses), gj'ros varlare, Tiic. 
 Ger. 6. 
 evolve : svoivo, j : v. to unfold, 
 
 DEVELOPE. 
 
 ewe : (fivis) feniTna : if you wish to 
 
 breed ej, si feminae gencrandae ^UIll, 
 
 (.'ol. 7, J, med. A ewe that it with lamO 
 
 Col. 
 
 >c. I. 2?, 54- 
 
 3. constat, stltit, i (of that which 
 IS allowed on all hands): v. agreed 
 UPON (TO 1!K). 4. liquet, cuit, 2 (im- 
 plying that a person Aas satisfwd him- 
 self on some jMiid) : neither the exist- 
 ence of the gods nor their non-existence 
 was e. to him, lui neuirum Ucuerit, nee 
 esse deos, iiec nun es.se, Cic. N. D. I, 42, 
 117: esp. used in trials, non liquet, it is 
 not e. or proven (either way ), Cic. (Also 
 apertum est, manifestiuu est, may be 
 used : v. preced. art.) 
 
 evidently: 1. aperte: to state 
 something which is e. false, ponere ali- 
 quid a. falsura, Cic. : oftener In sense of 
 openly, q.v. 2. perspicue: things e. 
 false, quae p. falsa sunt, Cic. Join: 
 aperte et perspicue. Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 
 7, 20. 3. manifeste: v. maxife-STLY. 
 
 4. eviilcnter (in a self-evidencing 
 manner: rare): Liv. 5. often expr. 
 by verb: these statements are e. false, 
 apparet, patet haec falsa esse: v. pre- 
 ced. artt. 
 
 evil (.a4j.) : maius, pravus, impr5bus : 
 V. bad, wicked. I'hr.: to be in e. case, 
 male se habere, Ter. : to look with an e. 
 eye upon, invldere (with dat.) : more 
 precisely, (oculis) fascinare, cf. Virg. 
 E. J, loj. 
 
 evil (subs.) : malum : of e.s choose 
 the least, minima malorum eligenda, 
 Cic. : to be an e., in malls esse, Cic : a 
 very Tliad of e.s (prov.), malorum Ilias, 
 Cic. Att. 8, ii. Phr.: no e, nihil mail, 
 Cic. : to speak e. of a Tnan, maledlcere 
 alicui, Cic. (v. to abuse, revile) : to 
 wish e. to any one, male velle alicui, 
 PI.: e. tahe the hindmost, occupet ex- 
 tremum scabies, Hor. A. P. 417: e. be- 
 fal that man, dii isti male faciant ! Cic. 
 Fam. II, 21. The king's «., scrofulae, 
 arum, Veg. 
 
 evil (atiiJ.) : male: v. badly, ILL. 
 
 ewer : urceus, hydrla (for u-ater) 1 
 
 v. PITI'IIKK, JUG. 
 
 exacerbate : exaspfiro, exftcerbo, 1 : 
 
 V. TO E-MBlTrKU, EXAPPEKATE. 
 
 ex; as pre;ix, qiioMdam (with ref. to 
 any preced. time : cf. quondam socIu-h, 
 JM. I../ ; priori?, anni (of preced. year), 
 Liv. 2, 56, init. 
 
 exact ('■-) ■• L e.\Igo, Cgl. actum, 
 ) : to e. (jiayment of) taxes, trihula ex, 
 Cic. : tlie moneys levied were e.'d with 
 great harshness, acerbissime im|>eratae 
 pecuniae cxigebantur, Caes IS. C. j, 
 }2. 2. impero, i (to nijuin upon . 
 make a requisition, with dal. ul person 
 and ace. of what is demanded) : v. to 
 
 LE\T, DEMAND. 
 
 exact {O'lj.)-- I. Of persons; 
 
 careful, precise: diligens, ^^lbtilis: v. 
 ACCUR.^TE, PRECISE. (.Not exactus in 
 this sense ; exaclissimus homo in Plln. 
 Kp. 8, 2?, is a most finished, accom- 
 plished miin.) fl. Of numbers, state- 
 ments, etc. 1, exactus : to slate the 
 e. number of killed, quot ceciderlnl, 
 exacto affimiare numero, Liv. j, j, ad 
 fin. 2. subtilis : v. precise, ac- 
 
 curate. Phr.: at the e. time, ipso 
 temiwre, cf. L. G. ^ 176. 
 
 exacting (.adj.): *qui nimlum de 
 altero ul debitum postulat : sometime* 
 rapax may do, cf. Hor. Ep. i, 14, }i, 
 Cinarue rapaci. 
 
 exaction : I. The act of exact- 
 ing : exactio Cic : Tac. (Or expr. by 
 exigo : by a most rigorous e. of tribute. 
 tributis acerbissime exactis, acerbis- 
 sime tributa exigendo, v. to exact.) 
 II. That which is exacted: 1. 
 tributiim: v. tax. 2. munus, fri*, 
 n. : by equalising the e.s, aequaliute 
 muneruni, lac. Agr. 19. |||. An ex- 
 tortionate demaiui: (?)rapina: v. uoB- 
 beby, extortion. Phr.: to comjAain 
 of the e.s of the publicans, immudestiam 
 
 evil-affected t 1. niale anima- 1 publicaiiorum arguere, Tac A. i J. ;o. 
 
 evil-disposed S tus: v.disafkected. 
 
 2. n\ii\vxOh\!i(n{ personal unfrierMy 
 feeling): v. ill-disposed, malicious. 
 
 evil-doer : 1. (homo) maliSficus : 
 V. malefactor. 2. nialiSfactor (not 
 in Cic.) : PI. ; for the pu7iishment of e.s, 
 ad viiidictam uialefactorum, Vulg. I. 
 Pet. ii. 14. 
 
 evil-eye : v. evil, adj. (Phr.). 
 
 evil-eyed: invidus: v. jealous. 
 
 evil-minded : v. evil-disposed. 
 
 evil-speaking (adj.) .- maiedicus, 
 
 comp. maledicentior, sup. maledlceuiis- 
 
 SinlUS, Cic. : v. SLANDEROUS. 
 
 evil-speaking (subs.) : 1. mM6- 
 
 exactly : j. "'"' precision and 
 niceti/: diligenter, accuriite, express*: 
 V. accurately. II. Of numbers, 
 
 time, etc. ; precisely (q. v.) : expr. by 
 ipse: it is e. thirty days since, irigintA 
 dies ipsi sunt, quum: v. L. G. ■} J76: 
 and comp. exact (11.). Phr.: to equal 
 e., ad amussim aequip:irare, Gell.: v. 
 kicett. III. In replies, exactly to. 
 ita plane, prorsus isto luodo. sic prorsus 
 intelligo, ita prorsus existimo, ccrlc, Cic. 
 Tusc. (passim). 
 
 exactness 7 s-ublilllas, dillgentU : 
 
 exactitude < V. accikacv, pbki- 
 
 SION. Phr.: to state a numlter uith 
 
 diceiitia (as habit): constant e., assidua : c, exacto afflrmare numero 
 
 EXACr 
 
 in. [et probra], Gell. j, s, fin. 2. 
 malfidicta, orum (abuse as uttered) : v. 
 REVILING, ABUSE. (N.B. N'ot calumnia: 
 v. calumny.) 
 
 evince : 1. praesto, i : v. to dis- 
 play. 2. arguo, i, fituni, j : fear e.s 
 low descent, degeneres aiiimos timer a., 
 Virg. Aen. 4, Ij: v. to prove. 3. 
 expr. by indicium (indication, token) 
 and a verb: your language e.d your 
 disp)sition towards me, mlhi quale 
 Ingenium haberes, fuit indlcio oratio, 
 Ter. Heaut. 2, 4. 4: simly, indicium 
 facere, id. Hec. 4, i, }l. 
 
 eviscerate: evisciro, exentSro: v. 
 to embowel. 
 
 evoke : evsco, eiicio ; v. to call 
 
 FORTH. 
 
 evolution: military, decursus, us; 
 
 (II.1. See also NICETY. 
 
 exactor: exactor: Caes. : Tac 
 
 exaggerate : 1. »HP'.°; ^!- "='""?• 
 
 2: in e.ing numbers (ot Valerius), u> 
 augendo uumero, Liv. j8, 2! : sonu have 
 e.d it beyond belief, superjeccrc quidam 
 augendo lideni, Liv. lo. 53 On Cic. aug- 
 ere usu. signifies toheighten and set off by 
 language) [esp. with amplificarej, rather 
 than to falsify: cf. .le Or. i, 21, <H\ 
 2 expr. by miyor [in majus] and 
 a verb" : e.ing the remit of the alliet, de- 
 fectlonem soclorum in maJus cxtollenu-s, 
 i.iv. 28, Ji : '" "'^ .^encUe eiyrything 
 was ed', apud Sonatum omnia in ina)u» 
 celebrata sunt. lac. A. ij, 8: t^i be e.d 
 by distance (of reporU), ex longinquo 
 in mtkJus audiri, Tac A. 4, 21 Simly, 
 majora vero, (Tac H. 2, 70). are e.d 
 2ho
 
 EX AGGER ATX ON 
 
 EXCAVATOR 
 
 EXCEI> 
 
 Btatements. as distinguished from what 
 Is altogether true or false. P h r. : to e. 
 facts, excedere actae rei moduni, egredi 
 verilatem, Plin. V,p. 7, }?,./'"•■' 'eges 
 historiae nfgligere . . . pUis quani con- 
 cedit Veritas dicere, cf. Cic. Kani. 5, 12, 
 I. (N.B.— Not exaggero, which is to 
 heighten, exalt: cf. Cic. de Or. j, 27, 
 105) 
 
 exaggeration: I. Thea^t-. 1. 
 
 expr. by verb: he is given to e., *onima 
 to majus extoUere solel ; rerum ges- 
 tarum niodum excedere solet : v. preced. 
 art. 2. perh. niiiiia rei ampliHcatio 
 (amp. alone is a rhetorical tigure of 
 speech, by wliich a thing is set off icith 
 the strongest language) : cf. Cic. Part. 
 • 5. 5?- 3. superjeclio (comp. preced. 
 art. 1) : hyperbole is a tasteful kind of 
 e., est hyperbole decens veri s., Quint. 
 8, 6, 67 : to indulye lasleJcss e., *insulsae 
 [ac paruni decenli] viri s. indnlgcre. 
 4, (also rhetor.) veritatis superla- 
 tio el'trajfctio. Cic. de Or. }, 5J, 2oj : 
 Quint. 9, 2, ;. ||. The statement 
 which partakes of e : P h r. : the num- 
 ber is an absurd «., *nunierus ridiculum 
 in modum auctus est ; falsehoods, true 
 statements, and e.s, falsa, vera, majora 
 vero, Tac. : a rhetorical e., superjectio 
 veri, Quint.: seealso.(l.). (N.B Exag- 
 geratio in Gell. 1 j, 24, mt-d.. is accumu- 
 lation of synonymous terms for rheto- 
 rical effect.) 
 
 exalt: I. J-- it.: to lift up: tollo, 
 exloDo, etc. : V. TO rai.sk lift up. ||. 
 Fig.: to elevate ; as to honour, office : 
 
 tollo, evgho: v. TO ELEVATE. (N.B. 
 
 Exalto, opp. to submitto. in Sen. N. Q. 
 pref. lib. } i 9.) |||. To heighten a 
 subject 6^ language : 1. aiigeo, xi, 
 ctum, 2: Join; augero et toUere ali- 
 quid dicendo, Cic. de Or. ?, 26, 104. 2. 
 amplifico, i {to set off by strong language, 
 whether by way of' praise or blame, cf. 
 Cic. de Or. I. c.) : Join: (dicendo) am- 
 pliGcare atque omare, Cic. 3. tollo. 
 i : V. supr. (1). 
 
 exaltation: I. 'J'^e act of lift- 
 ing: v. ELEV.-VTION. II. Of rank, 
 honour: fastigium, gradus (dignitatis): 
 
 V. EMINENCE (II.). 
 
 exalted (part, adj.) ; celsus, excel- 
 
 SnS : V. LOFTY, ELi:VATKI>. 
 
 examination : 1. investigatio 
 
 (step by step search) : v. ENc;urRY. 2. 
 interrdgiltio ; the e. {cross-examination : 
 q. V.) of u-itnesses, lestiuni i.. Quint. : 
 Tac. 3. examinatio {legal) : Ulp. 
 Dig. 47, 14, i,fin. [civilis ex.]. (Exa- 
 men, the tongue of a balance, appears to 
 be used by meton. li anal, sense : v. Dr. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. o'. v.) 4, perspi- 
 cientia (rare) : the e. of truth, veri p. 
 Cic. Off. I, >, 14. 5. prSbatio {test- 
 ing : the best word to denote a sch<Mjl 
 or college e.) : an e. of athletes, p. athle- 
 tarum,"Cic. Off. i, 40, 144: sinily of 
 cattle. Van: R. R. i , 20, init. : to under- 
 go an e., probatiouis periciilum subire, 
 Wyttenb. (in Kr.) : to come a second 
 time for e., ad p. redire, id.: the e. for 
 master's degree, *p. ad niagistri gradum 
 conferendum habita. 
 
 examine : I. '" s<'"- sp"se : 1. 
 
 investigo, l {to inquire carefully): v. 
 TO RNyUIBE INTO, INVESTIGATE. 2. 
 
 interr6go, I {by questioning): v. to 
 QUESTION. 3. examino, i (lit. niith 
 a balance : hence to ueigh carefully) : 
 a corrupt judge ill e.s the truth, male 
 verum e. corruptus Judex, Hor. (Cic. 
 has the word in similar sense, but al- 
 ways in connexion with some such word 
 as pondera, trutina : v. TO weigh.) 
 4. scriitor, perscriitor, i : v. to 
 SEARCH. 5. excutio, ssi. Bsum, j (lit. 
 by siiaking, as to find something se- 
 creted) : 1 am not e.ing you, if per- 
 chance you had a ueapon about you, 
 non excutio te, si quid forte ferri ha- 
 buisti, Cic. R. Am. ^4, 97: hence, to 
 lift thoroughly : let us e. the whole sub- 
 ject, totum excutiamus locum. Quint. ;, 
 •1, 6. Join: explicare atque excutere 
 [verbum], Cic. 6. perspicio, exi, 
 
 ectum, } (by looking carefully through 
 a thing) : to e. and thoroughly inquirt 
 no 
 
 into oneself, se ipsum p. totumque ten- 
 tare, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 59. Join: 
 [causamj pertentare atqtie perspicere, 
 Cic. 7. inspicio, j {by looking into) : 
 v. TO INSPECT. II, Judicially : 1. 
 quaero, quaesivi, itum, } {to hold a for- 
 mal inquiry: v. to iNyuiuE) : often, 
 by torture : to e. a slave by torture 
 against his master, de servo in domi- 
 ^um q., Cic. JVlil. 22, 59: more pre- 
 cisely (aliquid) per tormenta q.. Suet. 
 fib. 58. 2. interrogo, I (esp. ofe.i'np 
 witnesses) : v. cross-examination. 3. 
 I torqueo, 2 (6^ torture) : v. to torture. 
 Ill, To test qualifieations : 1, 
 I probo, I : v. to prove, test (cf. exa- 
 j mination, 5). 2. tento, i (to make 
 trial of) : cf Cic. Div. i, 17, J2 : "cujus 
 quum tentaret scientiam auguratus." 
 Ph r. : to e. boys, *puerorum in doctrina 
 progressuE tentare.experiri ; puenis pro- 
 bare ; pucri quantum in discendo pro- 
 fecerint exquirere (cf. ijiprovement). 
 examiner: I. Legal: quacsitor. 
 II. Educational : perh. *examiu- 
 ator (as 1. 1.). 
 
 example : 1. exemplum (an illus- 
 tration, specimen, precedent) : to offer 
 e.s for imitation, exempla proponere ad 
 imitandum, Cic. ; to set an e., ex. prae- 
 bere. Sail, (or.) : to do injury by one's 
 e., exemplo nocere, Cic. : by way of e. 
 (i. e. illustration by a particular case). 
 exempli causa, Cic. Mur. 12, 27; ex. 
 gratia. Quint. See also precedent 
 (subs.). 2. exemplar, ?.r!s, n. {a piat- 
 tern or original set before one) : used 
 syn. with exemplum in Cic. Mur. ji, 
 66 : V. pattern. 3. dScumentum 
 {anything to kam from) : an e. of vir- 
 tue, d. virtulis, Cic. Rab. P. 10, 27 : v. 
 lesson. P h r. : for e., verbi causa 
 (gratia), Cic. Verr. 2, 52, 129 (see also 
 supr. 1); puta, ut puta (i.e. suppose, 
 for instance). Sen. N. Q. 2. 2, j (not 
 Cic.) : sometimes ut alone may suffice : 
 many philosophers committed suiciite, as 
 for e. C'ato, »multi sibi mortem consci- 
 verunt philosophi, ut Cato (v. as). 
 
 exasperate : 1. exacerbo, i : v. 
 TO EMBITTER (2). 2. exaspero, i : in 
 this sense better with animura, animos ; 
 cf. Liv. 40, 22, fm.: also absol., as the 
 other did not dbate. he {Alexander) was 
 the more e.d, eo nihil remittente, magis 
 exasperabatur. Curt. 3. irrito, i : v. 
 TO PKO\OKE. 4. expr. by ira and a 
 verb ; as iram allcujus accendere, in- 
 flammare: {the Romans) being highly 
 e.d, ardentibus ira animis, Liv. j8, 2;, 
 fin. : V. TO ENRAGE. See also full. art. 
 Phr. : that slaughter dreadfully e.d 
 the Thehans against the Romans, effe- 
 ravit ea caedes Thebanos ad ex^ecrabile 
 odium Romanorum, Liv. jj, 29. 
 
 exasperated {part, adj.) : 1. 
 
 infensus {spiteful) : with e. and hostile 
 feelings, inf. animo et inimicn, Cic. : 
 more fully, infensus ira, Liv.: Virg. 
 2, Iratus: V. ANGRY. 3. (poet.) 
 asper, era, grum : «. by losses, cladibus 
 asper, Ov. P h.r. : so e. uere they, adeo 
 exarserant animis, Liv.: greatly e., ira 
 accensus, Nep. See also preced. art. 
 
 exasperating {adj.): 1. perh. 
 asper, era, erum : cf. Cic. Plane. 14, 
 3i : " asperioribus facetiis perstrinxis- 
 set." 2. acerbus : v. bitter. (Or 
 expr. by circunil., what could be more 
 e., *quid po>set esse ad animos homi- 
 num irritandos accommodaiius ? v. to 
 
 EXASPERATE.) 
 
 exasperation : ira, animus iratus 
 atque inlensus- v. anger, angry. 
 
 excavate : 1. cavo, excavo, i : 
 
 v. TO HOLLOW OUT. 2. effodio, lodi, 
 ssum, } {by digging) : to e. harbouis, 
 portus e., Virg.: Suet. See also to 
 
 DIG. 
 
 excavation : I. The act . perU. 
 
 excavatio. Sen. (in sense 11.). (Or expr. 
 by verb: v. preced. art.) ||. The 
 
 cavity : 1, e.xcavatio : Sen. 2. 
 
 c:\vum : v. hollow (subs.). 3. *locus 
 effossus, pars viae effossa, etc. : v. to 
 
 EXCAVATE. 
 
 excavator: 1. cavator (as a 
 
 bird which hollou'S out a tree): Plin. 
 
 2. miinitor (one engaged in making 
 roads, mines, etc.) : he divided the e.« 
 into six gangs, in partes sex muni- 
 torum numerum divisit, Liv. 5, 19, fin. 
 
 3, ciinlcularius (of mines, in siege- 
 works): v. MINER. 4. 6p6ra, usa 
 pi. (gen. term for workmen that are not 
 artijicers) : v. laboureu. 
 
 exceed: 1. excedo, ssi, ssum, J 
 (logo beyond the limits of: with acc, 
 but not in Cic.) : to e. the sum of 80,000, 
 summam octoginta millium ex., Liv. : 
 rashness e.ing belief, temeritas fidem 
 excedens. Veil. ; to e. the limit of vera- 
 city (as a historian), ex. nioduia actae 
 rei, Plin. Ep. 2. egrgdior, ^ressus, j 
 (=excedo: in Cic. loll, by extra and 
 acc; in later authors, «iih direct 
 acc.) : to e. [i. e. overstep'] one's limits, 
 extra cancellos e., Cic. Quint. 10, j6: to 
 e. due limits, modum e., Liv. . Tac. 
 
 3. supero, I (to rise above, excel) : 
 lest the outlay e. the piofit, iie sumptus 
 fructum s., Varr. : Tac. : v. to surpass. 
 ( I'he comp. exsupero also occur.s in this 
 sense: not only to equal, but even to 
 e. any one's renown, alicujus laudes non 
 solum assequi, sed etiam ex. Liv. 
 Plin.) 4. expr. by supra: (affection) 
 so great that nothing can e. it, tantus 
 ut nihil supra possit [esse], Cic. Fani. 
 14, I, 5 (the esse is doubtlul here, but 
 is omitted elsewhere : " ita accurate ut 
 nihil supra," Att. ij, 19, }): Ter. : the 
 number of slain e.'d 20,000, cae.-a supra 
 vigiiiii Miillia, Liv. Simly by ultra . to 
 e. a limit, ultra muduin progredi, Cic. 
 (v. iiEVONu) . an oration most eteijU idly 
 mitten, so that nothing could e. it, 
 oratio scripta elegantissime, ut iiiliil 
 possit ultra, Cic. Att. 15, i, med. 5. 
 expr. by compar. of adj. : to e. Alibi in 
 strength, Croesus in ricAes, *Milone ro- 
 bustiorem, Croeso ditiorem esse . see the 
 Several adJJ. 
 
 exceeding (adj.): egrgglus, eximius. 
 etc. : a voman of e. beauty, egregii 
 forma (niulier), Liv. : v. remakkable. 
 
 exceeding (jwep.) ; supra, ultra: v 
 
 TO EXCEKIi (4). 
 
 exceedingly : 1. admodum 
 
 (strictly, to the [_fuU'\ measure, quite) : 
 e. unpolished, and totally rude, a. impo- 
 litus et plane rudis, Cic. : (o thing) e. 
 gratifying, a. gralum, Cic: v. vEiiv. 
 2. vehementer (q/'/ee/in^s; strongly, 
 vehemently) : e. angry, v. iratus, PI. • e. 
 alarmed, v. coniniotus, Caes. : it e. <i/.v- 
 pleases (me), V. displictt, Cic. : v. vehi;- 
 MENTLY. 3. magn6pere : v. greatly. 
 
 4. oppido (in familiar language): 
 e. laughable, o. ridiculus, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 64, 259: e. angry, o. iratus, PI.: Ter. 
 
 5. sane quam, per qiiam [perquain j : 
 also chiefly in familiar language . / was 
 e. glad, sane q. sum gavisus. Brut, in 
 Cic. Fam. 11, 13, med.: Cic: I should e. 
 like to know, per quam velim scire, I'lin. 
 Ep. 7, 27, init.: v. very. 6. ''-"'I'- 
 by superl. of adj. : a man e. wealthy 
 powerful, influential, *liomo locupletis- 
 simus, potentissimus, graiiosissimus : 
 where see the several adjj. 
 
 excel : 1. praesto, stiti,slitum, i (usu. 
 withdaJ.; also acc, esp. in later authors: 
 nearly always in good sense) : to e. 
 other living creatures, p. ceteris aiii- 
 malibus. Sail.: to e. other nations in 
 sagacity, p. prudentia ceteris gentibiis. 
 Cic: with acc, Nep.: Liv. Also wilh 
 inter: suos inter aequales longe prae- 
 slitit, Cic. Br. 64, 2jo. 2. excello, ui. 
 ; (to rise above: foil, by dat. or 
 prep.) : the virtue which e.s all the rest, 
 ea virtus quae una ceteris ex., Cic. : 
 very olten with abl. of the respect in 
 which : to e. in genius and wisdom, in- 
 genio sapientiaque ex., Cic. : alsc with 
 in and abl. : in Jocis longe alils ex., Cic 
 Foil, by inter, super ante, ex : excel- 
 lere inter omnes, Cic. : super ceteros, 
 Liv. ; ante ceteros, Apul. ; ex [philo- 
 sophis], Cic. Acad. 2, 2, 4. (Less lre(| 
 are anlecello [Cic. : I ac], praecellu 
 [Lucr. Suet.]: both someiimes in later 
 authors with a^:c. inslead of ita^) 3 
 anteeo, 4, irr. («-ilh air): v. TO sua 
 pass. 4. supgro, exsupero, i (alw&j'
 
 £XCEL,L ENCE 
 
 EXCESSIVE 
 
 EXCITABLE 
 
 trans.): v. to exceku, smtrABS. 6. 
 emlneo, 2. v. distinguished (to be). 
 excellence ( I. High rank .- 
 
 excellency \ prae.slaiuia, excfUen- 
 tia; V. sui'KRioRiTV, eminence. ||, 
 Goodness, sa/nrii/r quality : 1. vir- 
 tus, uti8, /. (apecijic e.) : the great force 
 and e. of an orator, oraioris vis ilia 
 divina V. que, Clc. de Or. 2, ^^^, I20: e. 
 of body, o/ mind, corporis, animl v., 
 Cic. Kin. 5, i }. jS : e. and beauty of ar- 
 rangement, ordiiiis V. et venus. Hot. 
 A. P. 42. 2. praestaiitia: the e. [_effi- 
 cacy'\ (fa remedy, rcniedii p., I'lin. 3. 
 prObitas (m/jral) : v. r,(X)DNESS. |||, 
 As title: perb. illustris-siimis (Kr.): or 
 egrfigius (the desiKiiation of various 
 officers under tlie Empire) : Cod.Theod. 
 excellent; 1. optimus a most 
 valiant and e. consul, fortissiinus con- 
 sul atque 0., Cic. : to be in e. health, o. 
 valetiidine uti, Caes. : v. good. 2. 
 egregius (of more than common excel- 
 Unce) : an e. pair of consuls, e. par 
 consilium, Llv. 27. 54: v. kemarkablk. 
 3. praestans, mis {surpassing others) : 
 a nature superior and e., [above that 
 of the gods], Cic. N. I), i, 20, 56. 4. 
 praestabilis, e (like praestans ; but 
 KllPiier used of absolute excellence) : 
 except xnrtue, nothing is more e. than 
 friendship, virtute excepta, nihil anii- 
 citia praestabilius, Cic. Am. tTCtr. : no- 
 thing more e. than human nature, (nihil) 
 praestabilius [natura honiiiium]. Sail. 
 Jug. iiiit. 5, probus (esp. in moral 
 sense) . v. good, worthv. 6. sp»'c- 
 talus (lit. thcU has been tried and found 
 good): as a physician little kimwii, bnt 
 an e. man, medicus ignobilis scd s. 
 homo, Cic. Clu. 16, 47: I'l. Join; pei- 
 fectus et spectatus [vir]; clari.ssimus 
 et spectatissinius, Cic. 7. laudatus 
 (lit. praised : not in Cic ) : most e. c'leese, 
 laudatissimus caseus, I'lin I'hr. :an 
 «. writer, in primis bonus scriplor (v. 
 EMINENTLY, 2) : an e. aiilhiji ily (I'oly- 
 bius), bonus auctor in primis. Cic. Off. 
 !, }2, 11} ; as exclam., excellent! op- 
 time ! euge ! niacte virtute (the last 
 only suitable to be used by a superior) ; 
 
 V. WELL DONE. 
 
 excellently; 1. opiime: Cic: 
 
 Caes.: v. well. 2. pr6be (forti- 
 tude) is e. defined by the stoics, probe 
 definitur a Stoicis, Cic. Off. i, 19, 62 : v. 
 WELL. (I'robissime occurs in a tollo(i. 
 passage, Per. Ad. ?, J, 6;.) N.b. The 
 po>iiives liene, probe, may also be 
 strengthened by in primis: v. emi- 
 nently (2). 3. egregie: to speak 
 Greek e., Graece e. loqui, Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 
 19 : to paint e., e. pingere, Cic 4. 
 praeclare: V. ADMIRABLY (2). 5. P"'- 
 chre (esp. in answers of approval: in 
 which sense bene, uptime, of ten occur). 
 V good! See also remarkably. 
 
 exceot ("•) ■• excTpIo, cepi, coptum, 
 ! : (Aristotle) far excelling all (I always 
 e. I'lato), longe omnibus (Platonem 
 •■iemper excipio) praestans, Cic. Tusc. i, 
 10, 22: very often m ]>. part.: v. EX- 
 CEiTiNG. Join: excipere el secemere, 
 Cic. C.it. 4, 7, i;. 
 except t pr<^P- 1. expr. by p. 
 excepting ( /«' *• "f excipio (in mak- 
 ing a formal e.\ception) : e. one or at 
 most tiro, e.xcepio uno aut ad summum 
 altero, Cic: snmetlmes wilh clause: e. 
 that you mere mt u-ith me, exceplo quod 
 non siranl esse,, Hor. Kp. i, 10, 5o(wliere 
 Cic. would prol>ably have written piae- 
 terqnam quod, rf. y. Fr. 2, 14, a<i init.). 
 2. praeter (prep with ace; also 
 used adverbially in some writers : chiefly 
 after a negative, whereas exoptus is 
 more common in positive sentences) : 
 no one e. Lacullus. nemo p. L\ic\illuni, 
 Cic. : to be comlemned by all the rules c. 
 one, omnibus sententiis praeter unam 
 condemnari, Cic. Clu. 20, ;; . (to all) e. to 
 those condemned for capital crimes, pr. 
 rerum capitalinm amiiemiiatis. Sail. Cat. 
 j6 (where Cic. would doubtless have said 
 faeierqiiam cf. Fam. }, 7, init. : 
 '-'niilluM iis praeterqu:mi ad te et ad 
 Brutum dedi lileras"). 3. pxi™ 
 
 with ace. : much less freq. than prae- 
 
 ter) : e. tite general and a few othrrt, 
 the rest . . . . e. ducem paucosque prae- 
 terea, leliqiii . . . , Cic. Fam. 7, j, ad 
 init. : Ter. (Kxtra quam si, except in 
 the case of, was specially used in legal 
 formulae, treaties, etc.: cf. Cic. Inv. i, 
 U, 55: Li v. 26, J4, med.) 4. nisi 
 (only after a negative) : that, e. in the 
 good, friendship can have no existence, 
 nisi Ih bonis amiciliani esse non posse, 
 Clc. Olten foil, by quod (=except that) : 
 (my estates) greatly charm me, e. that 
 . . . , valde me delectant, nisi quod . . ., 
 Cic. Att. 2, 1,9: rightly ; e. onli/ in this 
 respect, nisi quod . . . ci-terofiuin retie, 
 Cic. Or. 2;, 8j : if a wish or purpose be 
 indicated, nisi ut must be used: do you 
 imagine I care for anything, e. not to 
 t>e d'ficient in my duty to him, quid- 
 quamiie putas me curare, nisi ul ei ne 
 desim.' Cic. Alt. IJ, 20. (N.H. For non- 
 iiisi, V. usLY.) 5. expr. by disccdo, 
 .ssi, ssum. {, with quum (of something 
 nhich onit ranks below what is ex- 
 cei)teii) : e. only the love of my brother 
 and my family, I yield the first place 
 in affection to you, amoris, quum a 
 fralenio domesticoque discessi, primas 
 tibi defero, Cic. Att. I, 17, med. : in this 
 coiiNtr. (|uum more freq. takes subj. : 
 cf. I 'ic. Off. 2, 2, 6. 
 
 exception ; 1. exceptio : a slia. ing 
 of all tilings without any e., [i. e. v-ith- 
 out reserving anything"]- omuium rerum 
 sine ulla e. communiias, Cic. Am. 17, 
 61 : V. RESERVATION. (Kxciptio IS 
 ofiener used in legal sense : v. i-lea.) 
 
 2. ofiener expr. by excipio • ivith 
 this e., hac una re excepla excepto hoc : 
 there are many e.s. *nuilta excipiunlur: 
 v. TO EXCEIT. I'hr. : (1). vilhoul e., 
 ad unum, am, urn : all without e, are of 
 the same opinion, onmps ad unum idem 
 sentiunt, Cic Am. 2j, 86 : all (the ships) 
 without e., ad unum omnes, sc. naves, 
 Caes. (not sine ulla e.\ceptione in this 
 sense : v. supr.) : without a single e., 
 *iie uno qnidem excepto (v. except, 
 prep.), (ii). to take e to anytlting: I 
 take e. to your statement, *hoc mihi pa- 
 rum convenit (v. to agree) : to take e. 
 to a definition, finiiionem impugnare, 
 yuint. 7, J, 22. (iii.) an e. proves (the 
 existence of) a i-ule, *ubi nonnihil e.x 
 cipitur, sequitur ut cetera concludan- 
 tur (>). 
 
 exceptionable: parum probandus, 
 Improbandus (.') : v. ohjectionablb. 
 
 exceptional ; rams ; v. rake. 
 (Jlore precisely, *quod [nonnisi] contra 
 normani s. regulam fit.) 
 
 exceptionally ; praeter m(.dum (cf. 
 Cic. l)iv. I. 44, loo: "(luum lacus Alba- 
 nus p. moduin trevisset "). 
 
 excess ; I. '^'o" much : 1. ni- 
 mium (strictly neut. adj.) : the mean 
 between e. and defect, inediocritas inter 
 n. et parum, Cic. : an e. of good, n. boni, 
 Cic. (Olten thea</j. nimius in agrtenient 
 will serve : e. of obstinacy, n. pertinacia, 
 Caes. : to go to an e. in anything, ni- 
 mium esse in aliqua re, Oic. v. exces- 
 sive.) 2. ninils iadv. : to excess) : 
 the rule, nothing 111 «., (ut) ne quid n., 
 Ter. Andr. i, i, 14: Cic : v.too(much). 
 
 3. expr. by sfipersum, supero: / 
 am afraid you will think I exhibit an 
 e. of words instead of a deficiency, 
 vereor ne mihi verba superesse pules, 
 quae dixeram defuiura, Cic. Fam. i j, 
 6? (also opp. to abesse, Cic. de Or. 2, 2?, 
 108) : wherein defect or e. is alike faulty, 
 in quo et decsse aliquam partem et su- 
 perare metidosnm esi, Cic. de Or. 2, 19. 
 8!. Simly, by redundo : v. redun- 
 dancy. 4. nImiSias (not in Cic.) : 
 e. of Spri7ig fmUier (green-meat), n. 
 vend pabuli. Col. 6, 24, ad init. : I'all. : 
 Apul. (N.B. Never exces>ns See Lat 
 iJict. s. v.) II. Sensual indulgence : 
 intempgrantia, lux&ria : v. intempe- 
 rance, JLUTTONY. DRUNKENNESS. 
 
 excessive: 1. nimius- to die from 
 e. joy, n. gaudio exanimarl, Liv. : Cic: 
 Caes. 2. immodlcus (that exceeds tls 
 bounds ■■ not in Cic.) ; e. cold, im. frigus, 
 Ov. ; e. and t»npro;)er/re«/om, (licence), 
 I im. et intempestiva u'bertas. Veil. : with 
 
 gen., he indulged in e. grief, maeroril 
 immodicus egil, lac. A. 15, 2}. 3. 
 imm6deralU8: v. immoderate. 4. 
 Inusiiiiius, insdlltus: v. unusual. 5, 
 expr. by verb: «. grief, dolor qui mi»- 
 dum exce<lil : v. to exceed. 
 
 excessively : L nimis (too muck) .• 
 
 Ter. : Clc. : v. EXCEas (2). 2. inimo- 
 dicg, luimOderiile : v. iMMoDEltAXKLV. 
 3. praeter or extra modum, Cic. : 
 V. MEASURE. 4. vghCmenier (of pa«- 
 sions) : v. exceedingly. Phr. : «, 
 hungry, insane esuriens. Pi. 
 exchange (subs.) : |, neact .- per- 
 
 nniiatio (e>p. of goods) : Ter.: Clc. : v. 
 BAKi KB. r h r. : they agreed to an e. 
 of prisoners, *pacli sunt ut caplivl inter 
 se pennularcnUir. ||, Of money: 
 
 colly bus : there is lots enough in the e., in 
 c Siitis deirlmeiili, Cic. Alt. 12, 6, init. : 
 V. AGIO, i'h r. : a foreign bill of e., perh. 
 delegatlo peregrina (v. cilEtjCK): to give 
 any one a bill of e. on Athens, curare 
 ut [|>eciinlae suuimaj permuteiur Alhe- 
 nas, Cic. Alt. 15, 15, fin. |||, ne 
 place : *loruni argenlarlura (?) : or p<:rh. 
 bisllica : v. Dr. Smith's Lat, DicL 
 (baMlniis). 
 
 exchange (»■) •• 1. permiito, i : 
 you have e.d names, liomina inter vog 
 permutastis, PI. Capl. j, 5, 19: Jndia 
 e.s for these commodities her yricmut 
 stones. India geiUDiis suis haec p., I'lin. 
 2, mulo, I: Faunus es Lycaeusfor 
 Lucretilis. Lucrclilem m. Lycaeo Fau- 
 nus, Hor.Od. i, 17, iiiri. (either one of ihe 
 objects of exchange may be In the ace., 
 the other being abl.): v. to change. 
 P h r. : to e. hostages, obsldes inter se 
 dare, Cic. : to e. letters, •epislolarum 
 commercium instiluere (v. to cxikbe- 
 spoND) : to e. greetings, *inler se salu- 
 lare (reciprocity being expr. by inter 
 with re/l. pron.). 
 
 exchequer : 1. aerarlum (the 
 
 public treasury with its contents) : on 
 impoverished and exhausted e.. ae. inopa 
 atque exhaustum, Cic : to impoterith 
 Vie e. Qempty the treasury], ae. effun- 
 dere, Cic. Tusc j, 20, 48 : chancellor of 
 the e., praelectus aerario or acrarii, cf. 
 I'lin. Kp. }, 4, init. 2. fiscus (under 
 the emperors, the imperial privy purse) : 
 to transfer from the national to the 
 imperial e., (bona) aerario ablala in fis- 
 cum cogere, Tac. A. 6, 2- 3. publi- 
 cum (tir. TO Koivov = aerariuni) : to sell 
 a person's goods and put the proceed* 
 into the }iulilic e., bona aliciijus vendera 
 et in publicmn ridigere, Liv. 4, i5,_/iri. .• 
 cf. Hor. Od. 2, 15, 14: "privatus illU 
 census erai bievis, commune magnum." 
 I'hr.: the intiioverishnu-nt of the «., 
 inopia rei pecuniariae, Cic ad Br. i, 18, 
 ad fin. 
 
 excise (subs.): perh. vectig^U. 
 I'ortiiria are ciisloms. 
 
 excisable : (•') vectigalis (lialAe to a 
 tax if ami kind) : v. tkibutaRV. 
 
 exciseman: (porloriorum) exactor: 
 
 cf. Cae>. B.C. J, J2: v. TAX-GATHKRt3L 
 
 excision ; exsectio (cutting out u-itk 
 
 a. knife): t'ic 
 
 excitability : 1. perh- moWiitas 
 o) iiiol)ili> animus (liabuily in be swayea 
 this way and that): v. fickleness. 2. 
 fervor (tvarmth, as of youth): v. AB- 
 IKJUR. 3, expr. by iiiciiallo (the 
 
 ttate of excitement) : he /XK^stSsnt great 
 e. of 'tanperament, *ea indole erat ut 
 facile ad incltalionem permoilonenique 
 animi efferretur v. excutement. I'hr.: 
 to lie carried away by e. <f temper, 
 •animi quasi inipetu <iuodam uiobili 
 fervidoqiii' abrlpi. v. foil. art. 
 
 excitable : 1. n^ohm. eCasiljt 
 wrought niK'n, changeabU) : cf. Curt. 
 9. 4, cir. med. : " oninis niullltudo mo- 
 hili Impeiu fertur": v. changeable 
 2. perh. percitu.i (hasly, full of 
 stimulus) : an e. and high-sptiited ten- 
 per, ingenlum p. ac ferox, Liv. 21. 5), 
 med. (more freq. of a 11 actual stale of 
 excitement: Cic). 3. fervldus, till- 
 
 dus V. ARDENT, FEBVID. 4. irrita- 
 
 bllis: V. IRRITABLE. Phr.. to t>e verif 
 e., *faclle Impetu quodam animi feni. 
 cffcrri. 
 
 27'
 
 EXCI TE 
 
 EXCrUSIVKNESS 
 
 EXCUSE 
 
 excite : I. To put into a state of 
 eaccitfinent : 1. excito, i {to stir up, 
 arouse) : in calmivg o • e.ing the minds 
 of an audience, in eorum qui audiunt 
 mentlbus sedandis aut excitandis, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 5, 17 v. to stir dp. Join: 
 (animos) excitare atque inflammare, Cic. 
 2. liicito, I (usu. to incite, impel to 
 something: also absol.V to be uncon- 
 trollably e.d to enjoyment [of the pas- 
 sions], effrenate ad potiundum incitari, 
 Cic. Sen. 12, J9: toe. the feelings, ani- 
 mos in. (opp. to sedare), Cic. Or. 19, 6;. 
 3. concito, I (violently) : v. to 
 ABOCSB, STiB UP. 4. coDimoveo, 
 
 movi, turn, 2 (to agitate, work upon the 
 mind) : to e. the mind (i. e. mo«e it to 
 eupiditi/) more than usual, paulo magis 
 animum c, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, J4, 8j : v. 
 in/r. (II.). 5, erigo, exi, ectum, J (to 
 raise up -. hence of e.ing to hope, or a 
 similar feeling) : to e. soldiers to valour 
 by words of encouragement, milites hor- 
 tando ad virtutem e., Sail. ; v. to 
 AROUSE. 6. exaiuo, i, iitum, j (lit. 
 to whet, give edge to) : to e. one another 
 to the love of immortality, invicem se 
 ad amoreni immortaliiatis ex., Plin. Ep. 
 3, "J, fin. : Cic. 7. incendo, di, sum, 
 J (to inflame): these (oices) ed the 
 ytuth to crime, haec juventutem ad 
 fiicinora incendebant, Sail. Cat. i ;, fn. : 
 cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 4;, 190. ||, To goad 
 on, instigate against some one : instlgo, 
 exScuo, stimulos addo, etc. : v. to insti- 
 gate. III. To cause, bring about ; 
 with ref, to any emotion, movement, dis- 
 turbance: 1. m6veo, movi, turn, 2 
 (chiefly of emotions) : to e. admiration, 
 expectation, laughter, admirationem, ex* 
 epectationem, risum m., Cic. : to e. hatred, 
 odla m., Virg. 2. commoveo, 2 (like 
 naoveo, but stronger) : to e. compassion, 
 misericordiam c, Cic. : to e. a tumult, 
 tnmultum c, Virg.: v. to disturb. 3. 
 excito, I (to call forth, awaken) : to e. 
 emotion in the mind, motum in animo 
 ex. [opp. to sedare], Cic. : to e. a lauyh, 
 risum ex., Cic. Phil, j, 9, 21. 4. con- 
 cito, I (to stir up : stronger than ex- 
 cito): to e. the pity of the people, 
 misericordiam populi c, Cie. de Or. i, 
 SJ, 227 Cwhere the sense requires an 
 intensive term) : to e. laughter, risum c, 
 Cic de Or. 2, 58, 2j; (where imme- 
 diately before, the syn. risum movere 
 occurs): to e. sedition, seditionem c, 
 Cic: V. TO stir dp. 5. conflo, i 
 (a strong expr. ; lit., to blow together, as 
 in a smelting furnace : esp. of ivhat is 
 evil) : to e. odium against any one, invi- 
 diam alicui c. Cic. : Veil. : Flor. 6. 
 fUcio, feci, factum, } (to produce) -. to e. 
 great admiration for a person, ingenteni 
 allcujus admirationem f., Liv. : Cic. : v. 
 
 TC CAUSE. 
 
 excited : commotus, incitatus, etc. ■ 
 ▼ TO EXCITE (1.). (N.B. Not excitatus 
 of persons.) 
 
 excitement : I. state of agita- 
 tion : 1, commotio : pleasurable bo- 
 dily e., c. suavis Jucunditatis in corpore, 
 Cc Fin. 2, 4, IJ : e. of mind, c. animi. 
 Civ.: Quint. 2. concitatio (rather 
 stronger than preced.): to be free from 
 every e. of mind, omni c. animi [quam 
 perturbationem voco] vacare.Cic. Tusc. 5, 
 16, 48 : Liv. (who uses it of anger, 9, 7, 
 med.). 3. perturbatio (disorderly nr 
 uncontrolled feeling) : Cic. (v. supr 2). 
 4. impetus, us (a sudden impul- 
 sive emotion) ; under the influence of 
 angry e.. impetu et ira, Tac. Ger. 2; : 
 under the influence of momentary e., 
 repentino quodani [quasi vento] i. animi 
 incitatus, Cic. Off. i. 15, 49. Phr. • in 
 a state of e , commotus, animo incifitus, 
 etc.: V. TO EXCITE. II. Tliat which 
 excites: incitamentum, stimulus (esp. 
 in pi.), concitamentum : v. incitement 
 
 exciter: concitator (f. concltalrix, 
 Plin.). Liv. : Hirt. See also firebrand 
 
 ffig)- 
 
 excitins: perh. trSpTdus (alarmed 
 hence causing alarm) : so e. (alarming) 
 a letter, tam t. literae. Curt. 7, i, ad 
 fin.: Just. (Usu. bet'3r expr. by cir- 
 cuml.: to seek e. pleasures, *incitamentii 
 272 
 
 voluptatum quaerere : a most strange 
 and e. adventure, *casus insolitus et 
 qui animum timore, admiratione sus- 
 pensum teneat.) 
 
 exclaim : 1. ciamo, i : v. to cry 
 OUT. 2. exclamo, i : to e. with a 
 very loud voice, maxima voce ex., PI. : 
 / can't help e.ing, non possum quin ex- 
 clamem, PI. : / am inclined to e., mihi 
 libet exclamare, Cic. N. D. i, 6, i?. 3. 
 conclamo, I (ot a number; toe together): 
 Caes. : Cic. : Virg. 4. acclamo, i (in 
 Cic. to e. against: with dat.) : cf. Cic. 
 
 Br. 7?, 256 : V. TO CRT OUT AGAINST. 
 
 5. succlamo, l (to e. in answer to) : 
 as he thus spoke, the multitude e.'d in 
 
 reply that they , haec vociferanti s. 
 
 miiltitudo se, etc., Liv. }, 50: Brut, in 
 Cic. Kam. 11, ij (where it is used 
 impers., succlamatum est). 6. cla- 
 mlto, I (frequently, with agitation) : 
 Cic: Liv. 'J, vocif^roT,! (passion- 
 ately, vehemently) : Deciui e.d, where 
 were they flying to, v. Decius, quo fu- 
 gerent, Liv. 10, 28: Cic. 
 
 exclamation : 1. vox, vocis, /. 
 
 (any saying or cry) : an e. (or expres- 
 sion) of grief, doloris v., Cic. Plan. 14, 
 J4 : v. CRY (subs.). 2. exclamatio : 
 an e. of surprise, complaint, admira- 
 tionis, conquestionis ex., Cic. Or. jg, i ;;. 
 (But from Auct. Her. 4, i;, 22, it ap- 
 pears that the word has a wider signifi- 
 cation than the Eng.. including any kind 
 of appeal.) 3. clamor : v. shoct, 
 CRY (subs.). 4. conclamatio (o/nMBi- 
 bers together) : Tac. : Sen. (Caes. has 
 it ^acclamations, B. C. 2, 26). 
 
 exclamatory : clamSsus (attended 
 with loud cries, noisy) : Quint. : Auct. 
 Her. 
 
 exclude : 1. excliido, si, sum, 5 : 
 to e. the glowing beams, ex. fervidos 
 ictus, Hor. (v. TO shut out) : to e.from 
 the commonwealth, a republica ex., [dis- 
 traheie, segregare], Cic. Phil. 5, 11, 29- 
 also with abl. alone, id. Agr. 2, 22, 60. 
 2. arceo, 2 (to keep off, debar) : the plane- 
 tree e.s the rays of the sun, platanus 
 solem a., Plin. : to e. a person from par- 
 licipcction in sacred rites, aliquem sacris 
 a., Liv. 3. prShibeo, 2 : v. to deb.u:. 
 
 4. removeo, movi, turn, 2 (to set 
 aside as not needed) : to e. (certain 
 things) from a speech, secernere et ex 
 orations r., Cic. : v. to withdraw. 
 
 5. exlmo, emi, emptum, j (not to 
 include in) : to e. from the category of 
 tlie blest, numcro beatorum ex., Hor. : 
 to e. (banish) goodwill from nature, ex. 
 ex rerum natura benevolentiae con- 
 junctionem, Cic. 6. expr. by extra 
 with occ. (esp. in formal language) : the 
 island Cephalonia to be e.d from the 
 treaty, Cephallenia insula ut e. jus 
 foederis sit, Liv. )8, 9; ib. 11. Phr.: 
 to e. from religious observances, sacris 
 (alictii) interdicere, Caes. B. G. 6, i;, 
 med. ; Liv. : fear e.s pity, timor miseri- 
 cordiam non recipit, Cic. (v. to admit). 
 
 exclusion: 1. exclusio. Ten: 
 Viir. 2. interdictio (cf. preced. art. 
 fin.) : e. from territories, i. finium, Liv. 
 3. oftener expr. by verb : by the e. 
 of some and admission of others, *aliis 
 exclusis, aliis receptis: v. to exclude. 
 
 exclusive : I. inaccessible to in- 
 tercourse : Phr.x he is very e. (in his 
 acquaintances), paucorum (perpaucorum, 
 Ter.) hominum (est), Hor. S. i, 9,44: 
 they (the decemvirs) wene e. (difficult of 
 access), rari aditfis, [coUoquentibus dl'f- 
 ficiles], Liv. j, 56, ad init. ||. Be- 
 hmging to some in particular, to the 
 'xclusion of others : proprius : v. pecu- 
 liar. 
 
 exclusively : 1. solum, nonntsi : 
 V. ONLV. 2. expr. by proprius, solus • 
 that is not the fault of old-age e., id non 
 proprium senectutis est vitium, Cic 
 *ejus culpae senectus sola non est affinis 
 (v. PECULIAR, SOLE): slmly, by unus: 
 by my exertions «., mea unius opera, 
 
 Cic. • v. ALONE. 
 
 exclusiveness : Phr.: h/: was dis- 
 liked for his e., »quod tam paucos in 
 familiaritatem admisit, invidiosum ei 
 
 tuit. 
 
 excogitate : excogito, i : v. ro 
 
 DEVISE. 
 
 excommunicate: 1. interdico, 
 
 xi, cium, J (to pass sentence of exclusion 
 upon : the nearest class, word) : usu. with 
 dat. of person, and abl. of VasA from 
 which : int. sacris, Caes. B. G. 6, iJ, 
 med. (where the nature of such excom- 
 munication among the Celts is de- 
 scribed) : V. TO INTERDICT. 2. ^X- 
 
 commiinico, i : Hier. : M. L. (best word 
 
 as t. t.). 3. expr. by ejicio, excliido 
 
 extermino (with ecclesia) : v. to expel. 
 
 excommunication : excommuni- 
 
 catio, Aug. Phr.: those under sen- 
 tence of e., quibus interdictum est, Caes. 
 (v. preced. art.). 
 excoriate : attero, uro, peruro : V. 
 
 to GALL. 
 
 excoriation: intertrigo, inis, /. 
 (from riding, etc.): esp.pl.: Plin. 
 
 excrement : '• e. ordure : l. ex- 
 
 crementa (with or without corporis), 
 Plio. 2. stercus, firis, n. : v. dung. 
 excrescence: 1. expr. by ex- 
 
 cresco, vi, turn, j : he had an e. on his 
 side, excreverat in latere ejus caro. Suet. 
 Gal. 21 : arsenic removes e.s, arsenicum 
 quidquid ex. toUit, Plin. Esp. inpl. by 
 part., excreF«entia, Plin. 2. excre- 
 mentum (v. rare) : Sidon. 3. tiiber, 
 eris, n. : v. pbotuberance 
 
 excretion : of the nose excrementum 
 narium, Tac. 
 
 excruciating (adj.): i. cnicia- 
 
 bilis, e (rare) : Gell. (Crucians [dolor] 
 in Cic. Tusc 4, 8, 18, is simply distress- 
 ing-) 2. [magnus], maximus: to 
 si^er e. pain from gout, doloribus po- 
 dagrae cruciari maximis, Cic. Tusc 2. 
 19, 45. (Acerbissimus dolor occurs in 
 Cic, but of mental not physical suffer- 
 ing.) Phr.: when his sufferings were 
 perfectly e., quum quasi faces ei doloris 
 admoverentur, Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61 : to 
 sufferr e. torments, (incredibiles) cruci- 
 atus et (indignissima) tormenta paii, 
 Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 6. 
 
 excillpate ; 1. purgo, i (to dear 
 of guilt) : to e. oneself to any one, se aH- 
 cui p., Cic : they send an enibassy to e. 
 themselves, purgnndi sui causa legatos 
 mittunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 9. 2. ex- 
 purgo, 1 (less freq.) : Cic. : Tac. 3. 
 excuso, I : v. to excuse. 4. expr. 
 by culpa and a verb : as, culpa aliquem 
 liherare, Cic. PI. 21, 52 ; ab aliquo 
 culpara amovere, Liv. 4, 41, med.: ali- 
 quem ex culpa eximere, Cic Inv. 2, 7, 
 24 : to be e.d, a culp& esse remotum, 
 Cic. Mur. };, 7J : v. fault, blame. 
 (Satisfacere is to make amends.) 
 
 exculpation : purgailo, cic. : Ter. 
 (Or expr. by verb ■ v. preced. art.) 
 
 exculpatory : P h r. . e. remarks, 
 *quae apta sunt ad culpam ab aliquu 
 amovendam : v. to exculpate. 
 
 excursion : *iter [voluptatis, animi 
 causa susceptum] : v. journey. Phr.; 
 to make an e. (to a place), (?) excurrere, 
 cf. Cic. Att. 10, i^ifin. 
 
 excusable : 1. excusatus (not so 
 in Cic.) ; I am the more e., if jterchance 
 I have erred, hoc ego excusatior, si forte 
 lapsus sum, Plin. Ep. 8, 14. 11 : Sen. 
 
 2. excusabilis, e: Ov. : Val. Max. 
 
 3. expr. by ignosco: cui (vitio) 
 ignoscas, Hor. S. i, 4, i}i : v. TO excuse, 
 PARDON. 4. expr. by exciiMitio: to 
 be lawfully e., legltimam ex. habere, 
 Cic. Phil. 5, 5, 14 (see the place): v. 
 excuse (subs.). See also pardonable. 
 
 excusably : excusate. Quint. : Tac. 
 Plin. Kp. 
 excuse ("■) •■ I, To tender an e ; 
 
 I. exciiso, I : to e. oneself to an- 
 other, se alicui (also apud aliquem) ex., 
 Cic : Caes. Often with cux. of that 
 which forms thf ground of excuse: to 
 ex. oneself on the ground of illness, mor- 
 bum ex., Cic: Cae.s. Less freq. with 
 occ. of the ground of excnse: to ex. 
 oneself from, doing something: e. g., 
 from acting as advocate, ex. alicui 
 advocationem, Plin. Ep. i, 7, 2. 2, 
 purgo, expnrgo, 1 : v. to excuifate; 
 
 II. To admit as excusable; i. 
 ignosco, novi, turn, } (with dat): I
 
 EXCUSE 
 
 EX EM PT 
 
 EX ERT 
 
 Aop« you will a. my nriting to you, 
 velim mihi ignoscas quod ad te scrilKi, 
 Cic : Hor. : v. to fobgivh, paudon. 
 2. expr. by vgnia wiili a verb : / 
 6e3 you to e. my error, if error it be, 
 peto ut errort (si quis est error) v. 
 tribuas. Plin. Kp. 8, 14, 10 : simly, with 
 dare, concedere : v. isdulgekce, fob- 
 
 GIVKNESS. 
 
 excuse (.™fts.) ■ 1. eNfUsatIo (the 
 act of ■nux.kimj excuse, or tlie fika itself) : 
 
 it it no ex. for an offence if , nulla 
 
 est ex. peccati si, etc, Cic. Am. 11, J7 : 
 a satisfactory ex., satis jiisia ex., tic. ; 
 also justa et Idonea ex.. Cic. Kara. 16, 
 iS- 2, expr. by excuso (£0 plead in 
 excuse): to put forward the ex. of 
 poverty, inoplam ex., Caes. : v. to ex- 
 cuse (1.). 3. (in some constr.) venia : 
 which does not admit of ex.. cui nulla 
 V. proponilur {^for which no indulgence 
 can be. sAoifnl. Cic. : v. tarixjn. 4. 
 
 latebra (^afa&e ex.): v. i-rktkxt. 
 
 execrable : nefarlus, detestabllis : 
 
 V. AISOMINABLE. 
 
 execrably : pesslmg, nfifarie : V. 
 BADLY. P h r. : e. hoarse (colloq.), male 
 raucus, Hor. S. 1,4, 66. 
 
 execrate : detostor, exsecror : v to 
 
 C'UKSE. 
 
 execration : exsecratio, (in pi.) 
 dirae : v. clwie. 
 execute : I. fo carry out, fulfil : 
 1, exsCquor, cuius, } : to e. a com- 
 mission, niandaUi ex., Cic. : toe a decree 
 or sentence, di'cretum ex., Ulp. Dig. 45, 
 4, J ; also judicatuui, judicium, seiiten- 
 tiam ex., v. Korcell. s. v. 2. per- 
 Bequor, j {to the end, completely) : care- 
 fully to e. a commission, maiidata dili- 
 genter p., Cic. : v. to i-erfokm. 3. 
 perf icio, j : v. to accomplish. ||. 
 
 To inflict capital punishment upon : 
 1. expr. by suppliciutn and a verb: 
 snppliciu capitis afficere, Suet, Gal. 12 
 (or williout capitis, Caes. B. (i. I, 27); 
 supplicium suiiiere (de aliquo). Sail. Cat. 
 50; ad supplicium dare, Nep. Paus. fin. 
 See also punishment. 2. nfco, i 
 
 {•asu. of a cruel, violent death): {I'ostu- 
 mius) e.d his oi<n son, filium suum se- 
 curi necavit, Gell. 17, 21, med. : Sail. 
 Cat. ;2, ad fin. Usu. the mode of ex- 
 ecutitm is specified ; as, securi ferire, 
 gulam (alicui) fran^ere : v. to behead, 
 STRANGLE, etc. |||. Of works of art ; 
 to produce: 1. facio, } : he e.d (a 
 painting qf) Neoptolemus ora horsebac^k; 
 fecit Neoptolemum ex equo, etc., Plin. 
 J5, 10, j6 : to e. a statue. sUiluam f., 
 Plin. 2. expr. by plngo, sculpo 
 (scalpo), exprimo, etc. : v. to paikt, 
 sctJLPTUKE, engrave, etc. 
 
 execution: I. The act of carry- 
 
 ing out : 1. expr. by verb : to see to 
 the e. of commands, * niandata exse- 
 quenda, persequenda curare : v. to ex- 
 ecute (I.). 2. exsecutio (e. g. insti- 
 tuti operis): Plin.: Tac. Phr. : there 
 is need of prompt e., opus est mature 
 facto. Sail. Cat. i : the schema nas con- 
 trived at /.annum, its e. vas trans- 
 ferred to Home, ratio excogitata l^rini 
 est, res iranslata Romam, Cic. Clu. ij, 
 j6. II. Capital punishment: I'hr. : 
 to be led away to e., ad mortem duci. 
 Cic. : to attend an e.,*supplicio (capitis) 
 sumendo adesse ; or simply, supplicio 
 adesse (v. to attend): on account ol 
 
 tlie e, of , propter supplicium simip- 
 
 tum de : V. to EXECtJTE. |||. De- 
 
 st)-uction: caedes, ^trages : v. slaughter, 
 HAVOC. IV. l-cgal : perl), bonorum 
 emptlo {sale of a debtor's property : v. 
 Diet. Ant. s. )'.), w bonorum venditio, 
 relatively to Oie debtor himself, Gai. 2, 
 154. Ph r. : to levy an e. upon a person, 
 bona alicnjus distrahere, Ulp. Dig. }, 5, 
 J, } 9 : to hare an e. levied uptm oneself, 
 renim possessionem Qaut venditioneni] 
 pati, Ulp nipf. I. c. i I. V. iiapidity 
 of performance, in works of art, etc. : 
 cglgriUis, a^iUlas : v. .speed, agility. 
 
 executioner : 1. carnifex, icis, 
 i«. {of staves or foreigners : see Smitli's 
 Diet. Ant. s. V.) : PI. : Cic (who uses the 
 term by way of reproach, of a tutor. 
 Vert. 5, 45, 118). 2. vlndex rei 
 
 capitalls: ball, (iit, 5; (where the ref. is 
 to the triumviri capitales). (N.B. In 
 early times the punishment of death was 
 InflicU-d by the lictors ; Llv. 2, 5 : " missi 
 liciores ad (-uniendum supplicium." Ex- 
 actor supplicll LS a judge who exacts tlte 
 penally: Liv. 1. c.) Phr. : to die by 
 the hands of tlie e., pocnas morte dare, 
 ultlnium supplicium subire (v. pu.msh- 
 ment); if by beheading, securi fcrirl: 
 v. to behead, han<;, etc. 
 
 executive: Phr.: the e. department 
 {01 a stale), *\\ quibus legum admiuis- 
 trandarum cura ist ; penes quos est cu- 
 ratio el administratio rerum (K.aiid A.). 
 
 executor : toa win : *exsecriior(not 
 class, ill this sense) : cf. Veil. 2, 45. init. 
 (The famlliae empU)r was projieily an 
 executo)-, but his ofBce became a lorm : 
 Gai. 2, loj.) 
 
 executorship : *testamenti exse- 
 qucndi munus. 
 
 exegesis : interprgtatio : v. inter- 
 pretation. 
 
 exegetical: •exegeiTcus. II. L. 
 (N.B. Only as (. <.) 
 
 exemplar: exemplar, arls, n. .- r. 
 
 PATTKRN. 
 
 exemplarily : egrggie, optlme, cum 
 suuima laude : v. excellently. 
 
 exemplary: egrggius, eximius: V. 
 
 EXCELLENT. 
 
 exemplification : exemplum : v. 
 
 EXAMTLR 
 
 exemplify : ''xpr. by exemplum, ex- 
 emplar; {this) he has well e.'d in i'liisses, 
 utile proposuit nobis exemplar (more 
 usu. exemplum) Ulyssem, Hor. Kp. i, 
 2, 18 : £sop has e.'d {the lesson) thus, 
 Aesopus nobis hoc exemplum prodidii, 
 Phaedr. I, ? : / u-ill brit^Jly e. Ixith 
 truths, utriusque e.\emplum breviler 
 exponam rei, Phaedr. ?, 10, 2. Phr.: 
 the story e.s the passions of kings and 
 peoples, fabula regum et populorum 
 cominet aestus, Hor. Kp. i 2, 8 : this 
 story e.s how . . ., hac re probatur quan- 
 tum, etc , Phaedr. i, I J, ./in. 
 
 exempt ('•) •■ 1. le^o, i {to relieve 
 of a burden : with ace. and abl.) : he 
 e.'d the domain land from paying a 
 tax, agrum publicum vectigali levavit, 
 Cic: V. to RELIEVE. 2. libgro, I (to 
 set free : same constr.) : v. to free. 
 3. exciplo, cepl. ceptum, } {not to 
 
 4. 
 
 3. expers : v. dfsi rruTE of. J o i n • 
 vacuus, expers, s-.luius uc liN>r [ab 
 omni bumptu. mum-re, uiole^iia], cic. 
 Verr. 4, 10, i}. 4. pri^iius (wiih 
 abl.) ; e. from all tuff'ei iny, p. duluri: 
 omni, Lucr. Phr.- a loldier e. from 
 further service, emeritus, Tac; miles 
 vacans (a sujrmumrrary ), Trebell. 
 
 exemption : L immuniLas {from 
 burdeiis) : to grant e.t, im. dan-, dniiare, 
 tribuere (v. TO exkmit, 5): ll^ed ubsol. 
 of e. from taxes, Siiei. Aug. 40, med.: 
 Cic.: and with drptnd. gen.. In other 
 cases: es ftvm punuhmentt. malorum 
 im., Lampr. 2. vScatio (e.>;p. from 
 military service, militiae v.. Cues. B. G 
 6, n). e. on the groundnj age, v. aetatls, 
 Nep. Att. 7 Jn gen. sense, e.^/oniciierj, 
 responsibilUy, omnium v. iiiuiierum, 
 CV. N. D. I, 20, ;?: Sen. 3. 
 
 vilcuitas {freedom from) : /» ratom and 
 e. from all annoyance, lil^eratlo el v. 
 omnis molestiae, Cic. Kin. i, 11, fj: 
 also with ab and ahl., v. ab angoribus, 
 id. Off. I, 21, 7}- Phr.: to enjoy e. 
 from, immunem, vacuum esse: v. ex- 
 empt {ailj. ). 
 
 exercise (y"6s.): |. rhyrical: 
 
 1. exerdtatio : Cic. Join: moius 
 atque ex., Cic. Div. 2, 10, 26. 2. ni6- 
 tus, us {motion of any frincJ): to be 
 debarred from e., a corporism. removeri, 
 Nep. Eum. 5 : Cic. (v. supr.). 3. 
 
 ambulatio {by ualking): Cic. Kin. 5, 
 I, init.: v. walk. 4. gestalio (by 
 riding, driving) : gentle, vigorous, 
 violent e., g. lenis, acris, veheniens, 
 Cels.: Sen. (N.B.— Both the latter 
 words are also used of o place for taking 
 e) 5, vectailo (like gestatio): horse 
 e., equi v., Suet. Cal. j. 6. palaestra 
 {athletic): v. GYMNASTICS. Phr.: fi, 
 take e., ambulare (u-a/tinp), geslari 
 {riding): v. to walk, ride, etc. ||. 
 Esp. of soldiers : 1. exercilium : 
 
 sword «., (palorum, ad palum) ex, Veg. 
 I, II: cf ib. IJ, 14 (the palus was a 
 post at which the pusses were made). 
 2. meditalio: Veg. 1, 11, ^in. 3. 
 cxercitatio: v. drill. I'lir. : to put a 
 recruit through his suord e., lironem ad 
 palum e.xercere, Veg. i, 14: to go through 
 the sword e. {with a real sword), gladio 
 se exercere, Veg. 1, 11. |||. In gen. 
 sense, practice: e.xercllatio, Cic: v. 
 practice. IV. Uiscliarge, fulfilment 
 of an office : tunctio (rare) : Cic. Usa 
 better expr. by phr.: to interfere with 
 
 include) : Cic. : v. to except, 
 eximo, gmi, emptum, j (to take out of 
 
 the case of: foil, by ace. and abl. with . , . , . . - , . 
 
 prep or dat.) : Q. Fabius is not e.'d a magistrate in the e. of hu ojhce, ma- 
 from punishment, non noxae eximitur gistraluni impedire quominus munere 
 (J Kabiu< Liv. 8, ?5, nud. : but Cic suo fuiigaiur : thts I do in Vie e. of mj 
 prefers ex wiih al)l.' (N.B.— De vecii- 1 authority as consu /, 'haec consul facH- 
 galibus exinii, in Cic Phil. 2, J9. loi, is I cl. Cic Cat. I, init. V. ^ «' task ur 
 to be taken from the national eicliequer. comjmition : 1. thcma, atis, n.; cl. 
 not to be e.'d from taxation, as in R. ymnt. 4, 2, 28: Sen. Conir. 2. df-- 
 and A.) 5. expr. by immunis. im- 
 munilas, and a verb: to e. {a jieople) 
 from every burden, ab omni onere im- 
 munes priiestare. Suet. Cl. 25. meii. : he 
 wishes you kindly to e. the lands which 
 pay rents from doing so, agros fnictu- 
 arios vult tuo beneficio immunes esse. 
 Cic Kam. 8. q, fin : to e. a state from 
 burdens, (civitati) Immunltalem tri- 
 buere, lac. A. 12, 61 ; sillily, Iramuni- 
 tates dare (absol.). Cic. Kam. 12, i (Im. 
 tribuere implies the concessioti of a rea- 
 sonable claim ; im. dare, donare, a grant 
 of favour: cf. Suet. Gal. 15): see also 
 FJCEMPT {adj.), exemption. Phr.: he 
 e.'d the Ilians fnnn tribute for ever, 
 lliensibiis tnbuia in perpetuum remisit. 
 Suet. Cl. 25. med. 
 
 exempt ("'0-) -■ 1- 'mmunis. e 
 {not liable to burdtns or duties) : in Cic. 
 usu. absol., as agri im. liberlqne, i. e. 
 free from every kind of burden : also 
 folL by ahl, with prep., as ab omni 
 oiiere im., Suet. Cl. 25 ". without prep., 
 as militia im., Liv. 1,4?. mid.; or with 
 gen., as portoriornm im., Liv. }8, 44, 
 med. : Tac. 2. vacuus {void of, clear 
 from : umi. foil, by abl with or without 
 ab; less ircq. by gen.) : a mind e. from 
 all care, animus v. ab omni cura, Cic. 
 (v. void of): e. from punishment and 
 tribute, v. a seciiribus et tributis. Tac. 
 \ 12 i4: but oniiii tributl v., ib. 61. 
 T 
 
 clamaiio {rhetorical): cf. Juv. 10, 167. 
 3, *exercitatio : cf. Cic N. D. 2, 
 67,71/1. 
 
 exercise (I')- A. Trans.: I. 
 Til give employment to m order to du- 
 cipiine: exerceo, z: to e tlie body, the 
 riicmory, corpus, memoriam ex., Cic: to 
 6e e.d {disciplinal) in logic, in dlalcctica 
 exerceri, Cic. Mr. 90, 309 : to e. rtcruits, 
 tirones ex„ Veg. i, 1 1 v. to drilu 
 II. 7o carry on, discliarge, exert : 
 1,' exerceo, 2 : to f. llie profession 
 of physic, medicinam ex., Cic: to e. the 
 right of conquest. Jus victoris ex.. Klor. 
 
 i, 7i >"•-■ ^'- TO CARRY ON, PKACTI8K. 
 
 2. e.xhibeo, 2 (.not so In Cic.) : to e. 
 authority, imperiiim ex.. PI. Caa. 2, 6 
 57: Plin. Jun.: v. -Tu exhibit. 3 
 cflgbro, I (to attend to regularly): toe 
 jurisdiction, jurisdictionem c, Liv. 6 
 j2. init.: cl. Cic de Or. 1, I. 2: arlee 
 celebrare uKU'e recolere. 4. fungur. » - 
 V. TO discharge. III. To distreu. 
 afflict: vexo, 1: v. to haras*. B. 
 In trans.: exerceor, 2: Veg.: v. 
 supr. (.v.). 
 
 exercised {part, adj.): exercitatu^ 
 (0. g. miles, Veg.): v. iractiskd. 
 
 exert: I- To ptu forth, bring into 
 operatton': 1. exerceo. exhibeo, J: 
 v. ro EXERCISE (11.). 2. utor. lisuB, 
 J (with alil.): to e. activity. aUcrllate 
 u., Caes. B. G. 4, 24,/n. {.al. ulli): ▼. 
 -!73
 
 EXERTION 
 
 EXH I BIT 1 ON 
 
 EXISTENCE 
 
 TO rsE, EMPLOY. (Plin. jun. has jus 
 exserere, Kp. 8, "j, 2, but no earlier 
 writer.) ||. To strain ; esp. with 
 
 re/t. pion., or something belonging to 
 ibe subject as object : 1, contendo, 
 di, turn, J : to e. all one's poners, 1 mines 
 nervos c, Cic. Kat. 10, 20: v. to stuain. 
 
 2. liboro, I (intrans., to take pains, 
 e. oneself): to e. oneself to prevent some- 
 thing being done, 1. ne quid fiat, Cic. 
 Verr. {. 57,^71.: also with in or de, and 
 abl. o( that about which: v. to labour. 
 
 3. nitor, enitor, sns and xus, } (to 
 use effort) • to e. all one's energy to pre- 
 vent, summa ope niti, ne . . . , Sail. Cai. 
 
 1, init.: Cic. : v. to STBrvE. Phr. : to 
 e. oneself befiond one's strength, se supra 
 vires extendere, Liv. }^, 4: to e. the 
 voice too tiiuch, voci nimis imperare, 
 Plin. Kp. ;, 19, 6: to e. all one's influ- 
 ence on behalf if some one, pro aliquo 
 summis opibus puguare, Caes. (v. to 
 struggle). 
 
 exertion: 1. contentio (a s<rai«- 
 ing of the po'fers} : bij great e.s he pre- 
 vented (tlie bill) being carried, magnis c. 
 obtinuit ne perferri'tur, Liv. 41, 6: Cic. 
 
 2. intentio (like preced., but usu. 
 foil, by depend, gen.) : v. straining 
 {subs.). V. effort. 
 
 exfoliate: med. *. t.: expr. by 
 squama. Cels. 8, ?, od fm. : squamam 
 remittere (R. and A.). The bone e s, 
 ossi s. abscedit; abosse s. recedit, conip. 
 Cels. 1. c. 
 
 exfoliation : expr. by verb : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 exhalation: I. The act or pro- 
 cess <f exhaling: expr. by verb: v. to 
 EXHALE. II, That which is exhaled: 
 
 1. exlialatio : e.s from the earth, 
 terrae e.xhalationes, Cic. Tusc. I, 19, 4) : 
 Plin. : Sen. 2. halitus, us (esp. 
 poet.) : an e. rising from the dark 
 mouth (of Avemus), h. atris faucibus 
 effundens sese, Virg : Val. Fl. : Sen. 
 
 3. aspiratio (?) : of. Cic. Div. i, 26, 
 79. 4, expr. by exhalo, i : it is cer- 
 tain that adamp e. rises from the earth, 
 humidam a terra exhalari caliginem cer- 
 ium est, Plin. 2, 42, 42: all kinds of' e.s, 
 *quaecimque [a terra] exhalantur : v. 
 TO EXHALE. 5. vapor (esp. a n.-arm 
 e.) : e.from earth, terrenus v.. Sen. N. Q. 
 
 2, I ?, 4 : cf . Cic. N . D. 2, 46, 1 1 8 : to dread 
 nightlt/ e.s, iiDCtumos v. formidan-, 
 Hor. JP h r. : there is an e. from both 
 (land and water), utraque ex se reddlt 
 aliquid, S'i'n. N. Q. 1. c. : v. ev.4PORa- 
 
 TION. 
 
 exhale : 1. exhalo, i (to give 
 forth : in Cic. only fig.) : to e. mist, 
 smoke, nebulam, fumum ex., Virg. In 
 pass-, as reflect.: mists e. from, the 
 ground, nebulae exhalantur humo, Ov. 
 
 2. halo, I (lx)th trans, and intrans. : 
 poet.) ; tn e. a nectarean odour, nectar 
 naribus h.. Lucr. 2, 847 : gardens e.ii.g 
 (redolent luith) flowers, floribus halantes 
 liorti, Virg. G. 4, 109. 3. emitto, j : 
 V. TO EJiiT. 4. spargo, ? : v. to dif- 
 fuse. 5. exspiro, i (poet.) : fumes 
 e (from Avemus),ex. halitus, Val Fl. : 
 
 V. TO BREATHE FORTH. 6. Tespiro, I 
 
 (poet.): Stat, (trans.). 
 
 exhaust: I. To draw off the en- 
 tire contents of: \, exhaurio, si, 
 stum, J : to e. the treasury, aerarium 
 ex., Cic. ; also, onmem pecuniam ex 
 aerario ex., Cic. Agr. 2, j6, 98: v. to 
 EMPTY. 2. absunio, ? : v. to consume. 
 
 3. (i'l pass.) delicio, ? (to be or be- 
 come e.'d): V. TO FAIL. Phr.: (fig.): SO 
 that tlui patience of some was e.'d. ut 
 quidam patieiitiam rumperent, Suet. 
 Tib. 24 : that the patience of the hearer 
 may not be e.'d, ne qui audiat defati- 
 getitr, Cic. (v. to tike out). ||, To 
 treat a subject completely: Phr.: the 
 question has been e.'d, toti quaestioni 
 abunde satisfactum est, Cic. (cf. pro- 
 fligata jam haec et paene ad exilum 
 adducta quaestio est, Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 
 15) : to e. a subject in a speech, 'omnia 
 accurate exponere; nihil intactum re- 
 linquere (R. and A.) ; *totani rem accu- 
 ratissime pleiiisslmeque tractare. |||. 
 To wear out the strength of: debilito, 
 
 »';4 
 
 defatigo, conficio : v. to wear out, en- 
 feeble, WEARY. See also toll. art. 
 
 exhausted ( pa' <• «<(?•)•• I. ^»"- 
 
 ing lost virtue or good qualities : effetus : 
 e. land, e. ager. Virg. : an e. frame, e. 
 corpus, Cic. II, Tired out, having lost 
 strength ; from whatever cause : 1. 
 confectus: e. with wounds, vulneribus 
 c, Caes. : (troops) ueary and e., fessi 
 c.que, Liv. : an c. (ii-om out) and 
 wounded gladiator, gladiator c. et sau- 
 cins, Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24. 2. defessus 
 (quite spent, tired out) : e. by the length 
 of the battle, d. diutumitate proelii, 
 Caes. : fresh men succeed to those that 
 are e., recentes defessis succ€dunt, Caes. : 
 Cic: V. WEARY. 3. defectus (not in 
 Cic.) : Phaedr. : CoL : v. worn out. 
 4. lassus : V. -nrEART. See also 
 foil. art. 
 
 exhausted, to be, or become: 
 
 1. expr. by deficio, i (in connexion 
 with vires) : ivhen the standard-bearer 
 ivas getting e., quum aquilifer a viribus 
 deficerelur, Caes. B. C. j, 64: but the 
 act. is more freq. : our men irere getting 
 e., nostris (al. nostros) vires lassitudine 
 deficiebant, Caes. B. C. 2, 41 : v. to 
 FAIL. 2. langueo, 2 (less strong than 
 the Eng.): v. fatigued, to be. 3. 
 fatisco, f (not in Cic.) : to be e. by (cei-- 
 tain) crops (of soil), segetibus f.. Col. 2, 
 14: to be e. by privatiim and toil, per 
 inoplam et labores f., Tac. (N.B — The 
 comp. defetiscor is exceedingly rare, ex- 
 cept in p. part, defessus : v. preced. art. 
 II. 4 ) 4. expr. by pass, of fatigo, 
 defatigo: v. to weary. 
 
 exhaustion : 1. expr. by verb 
 on account if the e. of the treasury, 
 *prnpter exhauslum aerarium: to re- 
 medy the e. of the soil, *agrum fatis- 
 centem, cujus vis absumpta est, re- 
 creare: v. preced. artt. 2. lassi'iido, 
 languor : v. fatigue. 3. defectio 
 
 viriura (failure of strength, as in old 
 age) : Cic. 4. expr. by ttefessus, 
 
 contectus, lassus (I'li a state of e.) : v. 
 
 EXHAUSTED. 
 
 exhaUStleSS : inf Initus : v. INEX- 
 HAUSTIBLE. 
 
 exhibit : \. To expose to view t 
 
 I, propono, pCsui, Itum, j (pub- 
 licly) : to e. any thing for sale, aliquid 
 venale p., Cic. : he used to e. his f.nislied 
 works to passers by, opera perfecta pro- 
 ponebat transeuntibus, Plin. 2. ex- 
 pono, J (to bring out to vien; whether 
 publicly or not): he e.'d (tn-ought out) 
 his .Samian ware, exposuit vasa Samia, 
 Cic. Mur. i6, 75. Fig.: toe. erne's virtue 
 for imitation, virtutem imitandani ex., 
 Cic: v. to set FORTH. 3. exhibeo. 
 2 (esp. to shot!} and make good in court : 
 V. TO produce) : to e. (pr sen',) a memor- 
 able spectacle, memorabile spectaculum 
 ex., Plin. Ep. 2, i, i. In Suet, of public 
 shows, Ner. 12. 4. f&cio, feci, factum, 
 } (of the magistrate who e.s games) : to 
 e. most magnificent games, ludos niag- 
 nificentissimos f., Cic. Join: (ludos) 
 facere atque celebrare, Cic. Harusp. 1 2, 
 24. 5. edo, idi. Itum, 5 (of spectacles, 
 etc. : appy. not in Cic.) : to e. hunts, 
 games, shotvs, venationes, ludos, spec- 
 tacula e.. Suet. Ner. 11, 12, etc. 6. 
 do, dgdi, datum, i : esp. with munus 
 (gen. term for stiows. games, etc.) : to e. 
 magnificent games, munus magiiificum 
 d., Cic. Q. Fr. j, 8, fn. (Cic. has also 
 munus praehere, Sull. 19, 54) : .Suet. 
 
 II, To manifest : 1. praesto, i : 
 to e. dutiful affection to parents, p. 
 pietatem parenlibus Cic: v. to show. 
 
 2. exhibeo, 2 (not so in Cic.) : 
 to e. kindly feeling to any one, humani- 
 tatem alicui ex., Plin. Ep. ;, 19, 2 : Suet. 
 3. ostento, I : V. to display. 
 exhibition: I. The act of ex- 
 
 hibiting-, expr. by verb: to humour the 
 people try the e. of games, *ludis editis, 
 ludos edendo, populo gratlficari, etc. : v. 
 to exhibit. II. That which is ex- 
 hibited: 1. spectaciilum : v. spec- 
 tacle, SHOW. 2. ludi, munus : v. 
 games. Phr.: an e. of works of art, 
 tabulae et signa propalam coUocatae, cf. 
 Cic. de Or. I 15, 161 ; *artiticiorum ex- 
 
 positio : as t. t. (?) |||, Annual pay- 
 ment: *exhibitio: cf. Ulp. Dig. 27, 2, 
 i.iJ. 
 
 exhilarate : hilaro, exbn&ro : V. TO 
 cheer. 
 
 exhilarating (adj.) .- sometimes 
 
 laetUS: V. cheerful, ENCOURAGING. Or 
 
 e.xpr by verb : the morning air is ex- 
 tremely e., *imprimis exhilarant animoa 
 aurae matutinae : v to cheer, en- 
 liven. 
 
 exhilaration : Wlarttas, gaudia : V. 
 cheeufulnes*, jot. 
 
 exhort: hortor, i (to urge in a 
 friendly manner) : Join: hortari et 
 suadere, Cic. : hortari et monere. Suet. : 
 V. TO uRf.E. ADVi><E. The comps. ad- 
 hortor, c6hortor, also Ireq. occur; the 
 latter esp. in the case of generals ad- 
 dressing their troops : Caes. : Cic. : v. 
 TO ENCOURAGE. (Exhortor, Vulg. Eom. 
 xii 8, etc.: but the word is unclass.) 
 
 exhortation '• monitus, mSnitio, 
 hortiitio : V. ADVICE. (Exhortatio, Vulg., 
 but not class.) 
 
 exhume : eruo, }-. v. to dig (2). 
 
 exigence I 1. n&cessitas : as 
 
 exigency ) often as I consider the e, 
 of our position, quotiens n. nostram in- 
 tueor, Tac. Agr. }o : Cic. : v. NECEssrrr. 
 2. angustiae : v. .straits, diffi- 
 culty. 3. tempus (critical time): 
 V. emergency. 
 
 exile '(subs.) : \, A person exiled : 
 1. exsul (exul), lilis, c. (gen. term): 
 Cic. : Liv. 2. profugus (one who has 
 t" fly from his country, an outlaw) -. 
 Virg. : Ov. 3. extorris (strictly 
 
 adj.): V. exiled. Phr.: to be an e., 
 exsulare, Cic. : Liv. ||. The state or 
 penalty of an exile : 1, exsilium 
 (exil-) : to punish any one with e., ali- 
 quem exsilio niultare, afficere, Cic : to 
 drive into e., in ex. ejicere, pellere, Cic. : 
 to go into c, in ex. ire, proficisci, Cic: 
 to be in e., in ex. esse. Cic. : to recal 
 from e., de ex. reducere, Cic. ; de ex. 
 revocare, Liv. 2. fuga (chiefly poet, 
 and late) : to order punishment of e. and 
 death, fugas et caedes jubere, Tac. A. 
 14, 64 Ov. Join: exsilium et fuga, 
 Cic. de Or. j, j, 9. 3. rglegatio (mild 
 form of e.) -. Cic. : Liv. Phr.: to go 
 into e., solum vertere, Cic. Caec. $4, 
 100 (exsilii causa is sometimes added, 
 id. Quint. 28, 86) ; profugere, id. Caec. 
 1. c : to be in e., exsulare, Cic. : Liv. ; 
 exsulem agere (rare), Tac. A. i, 4 : to 
 pass sentence of e. upon any one, alicui 
 aqua et igni interdicere, Caes. : Cic. 
 
 exile ("-)■' ejicio, extermino, etc. : v. 
 TO banish. 
 
 exiled (part, adj.): 1. extorris, 
 e (not admitted into a country) : e.from 
 country and home, ex. patria, domo. 
 Sail. Jug. 14. med. Join: exsul ex- 
 torrisque. Gell. 2, 12: cf. Liv. 5, jo : 
 "ne exsulem, extorrem P. R. ab solo 
 patrio in hosiium urbem agerent." 2. 
 exsulans, ntis (part, of exsulo): Cic. 
 See also exile (J.). 
 
 exist : 1. sum, ful, esse (esp. in 
 an emphatic position) : there e.'d (once), 
 yes. there e.'d that energy . . . , fuit, fuit 
 ista virtus, Cic. Cat. 1, i, ?: to affirm 
 that gods e., deos esse dicere, Cic. : / 
 think, therefore I e., cogito, ergo sum. 
 Cartes. 2. exsisto (existo). stiti, } 
 (mostly with the additional idea of 
 coming into existence: v. to arise, 
 appear): had not that Iliad e.'d, nisi 
 Ilias ilia exstitisset, Cic. Arch. 10, 24: 
 ct. Cic. Off. I, io, 107 : '• ut in corporibus 
 magnae dlssimilitudines sunt, sic in 
 animis existunt (exist, or present them- 
 selves) majores etiam varietates." 3. 
 exslo (exto), stiti, i (mostly, tn appear, 
 be extant) : of DemacUs there e. no 
 ti-ritten works, (l)eniadis) nulla ex. 
 scripta, Cic. Br. 9, j6 : without the eyes, 
 the function of eyes could not e., sine 
 oculis non potest ex. munus oculorum, 
 Cic. Div. I, fl. 71. 4. maneo, nsi, 
 sum. 2 (to e. still) : v. TO remain. 6. 
 (of living beings) vivo, ? : v. to LrvK, 
 See also foil. art. 
 
 existence : I. The stau : J. 
 
 I expr. by sum : to disbelieve the «. 9
 
 EXISTING 
 
 EX PEDITION 
 
 EXPENSIVE 
 
 gods altogtllier. nullos v<>u- oniiiino deus 
 putare, Oic. N. 1». inil. (In scholastic 
 Lai., esse is used subs. : Spiiios. pasi^.) 
 2. (of living ataluies) vitJi to 
 drag out one's e., vilani traljere, Virg. 
 (cf. V. exlgere. Sail Jug. 14. i^<^) ■ ""« 
 brief span of our e.. exiguum vltae 
 curriculum. Cic. : v. I.IKI-:. ||. I'hat 
 which e-Ttiils ■ *ens, eniis, n. : v. yuttit. 
 8, ?, u Med. Lat. : v. cueatduk. 
 
 BEING. 
 
 existing: qui (quae, quod) nunc 
 est: V, TO KXisT. IMir. : under t. cir- 
 cumstances (a (lualilyiuK plir.), pro re 
 nata, Cic. Att. 14, d. ml init. : ut nunc 
 est. Pull, in Cic. Kaui. 10, }l, ./'".■• Cic. 
 See also pbesent. 
 
 exit: I. lite oct of going out: 
 exitus, us: V. depaktuke. Phr. : to 
 make one's e., e.\ire, dea-dere : v. to 
 DEPART. II. A nay of escape : tixituB, 
 effusiiim : V. octlkt. 
 
 exonerate : >• e. from a charge : 
 culpa libero; v. to exculpate, clear 
 (II.). 
 
 exorable; exorabllis, e : Cic: Hor. 
 
 exorbitant : ntoius, inimodfcus : V. 
 excessive. Sometimi-s expr. by carus : 
 on that very day com fM from an e. 
 price to a low one, tllo ipso die carissi- 
 mam annonam consecula est, Cic. pro 
 Dom. •;, I?: v. dear. I'hr. : to make 
 e. demands, *imniudice postularo; plus 
 aequo poslulare : the e. denuinds of pub- 
 licans, immodestia publicanorum, I'ac. 
 A. IJ, 50. 
 
 exorbitantly : immSdlce, v. ex- 
 
 CES-Sn KLY. 
 
 exorcise : exorcTzo, 1 (efopKtfw) : 
 Ulp. Dig ;o, u, I, i J. (Or by circuml. 
 a^jurando [cum adjuratione] daemonas 
 expellere, ejicere; cf. Vulg. Acts, xix. 
 IJ.I 
 
 exorcism : exorcismus (cfopicto-/i05) : 
 Tert. 
 
 exorcist : exor. ista, ae, m. {e^op- 
 /cio-nj';) Imp. Codd. : Vulg. 
 
 exordium: 1. fxoidium (usu. 
 term): Cic: Quint.: I'lin. 2. px- 
 orsus, us, (v. rare): Cic. Manil. 4, Jhi. 
 (only). 3. prooeniiura (^Ttpooiniov 
 
 prop, a prelude, q. v.): a long and far- 
 fetched e., longum et alte pelituni pr., 
 Cic. Clu.21, 58: freq. in Cic. of t/ie tntro- 
 duction to a treatise, ct Cic. Att. 16, 6 
 /in. ; Quint. 4. principium : Quint. 
 
 exoteric : exotericus (efurepiKos, 
 
 Cic): Gell. 
 
 exotic: externus, peregrinus (e. p. 
 arbor), I'lin.: v. foreign. (Exoticus 
 occurs in (iell. ij, 5, as epitb. of wine.) 
 
 expand: A. Trans.: 1. 
 
 pando, expando, ? : v. to spkead. 2. 
 laxo, I {by increasing the spaces be- 
 tween) : the lily e.s itself, lilium se I., 
 I'lin.: to e. thj> companies, 1. nianipulos, 
 Caes. 3. extendo, ; : v. T() stretch 
 OCT. 4, dilatr, I {to make broader; 
 spread over a wider space) : to e. his 
 line (of a general), aciera d., Liv. ji, 21, 
 med.: esp. of expansion in language, 
 Cic : V. TO AMI'LIFV. See also inf. 
 B. In trans.: expr. by preced. 
 verbs and jtron. refl,., or in pass. : (the 
 Propontis) where the sea begins to «., 
 ubi dilatat se mare, I'lin. ;, }2, 40; also 
 in latitudinem pandi, id. 6, i ;, i ; : M« (bud 
 of the) rose yrwlually opens and e.s, 
 rosa pauUatim dehiscit ac sese pandit, 
 Plin. : V. TO .spread, open. 
 
 expanse: spatium: v. space. Of 
 the sea, aequor, oris, n. : ofien plur., 
 for thee the e. of ocean smiles, tibi ridcnt 
 aequora ponti, Lucr. 1, 8: v. ocean. 
 Phr.: suddenly appears a boundless e. 
 of plain, repente inimensa panditur 
 planities. Liv.: v. plain (subs.). 
 
 expansion : expr. by verb : heat 
 
 produces e. (f air, *calor acra expaiidit 
 
 atque dilatat : v. To expand. (Expansio, 
 
 dilatatio, v. rare.) 
 
 expansive : qui (qui"". q"od) se 
 
 pandit, ('. g. aiir, I'lin. : v. TO expand. 
 
 expansiveness : e.<;pr. by verb : V. 
 TO expand. 
 
 expatiate: exspatior, 1 (strictly to 
 digress, ct. Quint. 4, J, 4): lo e. in and 
 (live onetelf up to a part of a subject, in 
 
 aliqua parte ex. et indulgerf volupiaU, 
 Quint. 2, 17, init.: v. To eklaBUK 
 
 lTIf>N. 
 
 expatriate : extennJno, ejicio : v. 
 
 TO HAMMI, F.XILH. 
 
 expatriation : exsiiium : v. exilk. 
 expect : 1. <-x.-<p. cio (exp-). i (to 
 look for something, wUeiher good or 
 evil;"with ace. ■ but nut ace. and inf.): 
 to be e.ing any one's arrival, e. alicujiis 
 advenium, Cues.: / sliall e., or rather 
 demand longer letters, longiores epistolas 
 exsiK'ctabo, vel puiius exigam, Cic: 
 with a (ub) or ex, and abl. of the per- 
 son from whom. Cic. Sometimes foil, 
 by dum or ui and siibj. : I don't think 
 you e. me to 11 rite, non puto te ex. dum 
 scribam, Cic Att. 1, i, I : / beliere ye 
 are e.'d to answer your letter, exspeclari 
 nos, arbitror, ut respondeamus tuis 
 Uteris, Liv. 42, 40, init. 2. spero, i 
 (usu. = to hupe, but also occasionally of 
 anticipating evil : foil, by ace. alone, or 
 ace. and inf.): but if I am deserted by 
 you, which 1 do not e., sin a vobis (id 
 quod non spero) deserar, Cic Rose. A. 
 4, 10 : Virg. : Flor. : v. to hope. 3. 
 credo, didl, turn, } (with aix. and inf.) : 
 J e. you are surprised, judges, credo ego 
 vos Judices mirari, Cic. Rose. A. init. 
 Simly, other ver"is of thinking, believ- 
 ing, with ace. aiid inf. : I confidently e. 
 he will do his duty, confido "ilium fore 
 in officio, Cic. Att. I, 6: when I was 
 just e.ing yiiur arrival, quuni Jam te 
 adventare arbitraremur, Cic Alt. i, 4: 
 to turn out otherwise than one may have 
 e.'d. aliter cadere quam quis opinatus sit, 
 Cic Fam. 4, 4: v. to think, believe. 
 Phr.: contrary to what was e.'d, praeter 
 spcm (v. expectation) : sooner than 
 might have been e.'d, opinione celerlus, 
 Cic. : a battle more bloody than might 
 hare lieen e.'d from the number of com- 
 batants, proelium atrocius quam pro 
 nuniero pnpnantium, Liv. 21, 29: not 
 e.ing, inopinans, Caes. ; necopinans, Cic. 
 
 expectancy : spes, ei./. : of. Hor. S. 
 
 2, 5, 47 ; V. hope. 
 
 expectant: P^h. arrectus (full of 
 eager interest): cf. Sail. Jug. 86, init.: 
 poslquam plebis animos arrectos videt. 
 See also attentive. Phr. (prov.): to 
 disappoint the e. crow (of a legacy- 
 hunter), corvum deludere hlanteni, Hor. 
 S. 2, 5, 56 : an heir e., heres necessarius, 
 Ulp. Dig. 
 
 expectation : 1. exspectatio 
 
 (precisely equiv. to Eng.) : hope is the e. 
 of good, fear the e. of evil, spes est ex. 
 boni, mall ex. meiiis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 57, 
 80 : contrary to e., praeter ex., Cic. 
 2. spes, f i,./'. (usu. of what is good : 
 also in gen. sense, esp. in adverb, phr.) : 
 e. of pay, s. mercedis, Cic. (v. hope) : 
 Metellus, contrary to his e., is welcomed 
 home with the greatest joy, Metellus 
 contra (praeter) spem laetissimis animis 
 excipitur, .Sail. Jug. 88; the second e. {of 
 succeeding to ait inheritance), secunda 
 s., Tac A. I, 8. 3. Opinio (not neces- 
 sarily implying futurity : very often in 
 adverb, jthr.) : '/ will not disappoint 
 your e., non fallam tuam o., Cic. Kam. 
 I, 6, fin. : contrary to e., praeter o., Cic : 
 see also to expect ( Phr.). 
 
 expectorate : exscreo, i : to e. blood, 
 cruenta exscreare, Plin. : v. to spit. 
 
 expectoration : exscrefitio (e. g. 
 
 cruenta) : Plin. : v. spittle. 
 
 expediency : utlUlas : it often hap- 
 pens that e. clashes with virtuf, persaepe 
 evenit ut u. cum honesiate certet, Cic. 
 i'hr.: no e. in inju.^tice, iiihW expedire 
 quod sit iniustum, Cic: v. foil. art. 
 
 expedient : f'tili-^. e : to prefer the 
 hmniurable to the «., hoiiestnm praeferre 
 utill, Hor. : it is never {really) e to sin, 
 nunquam u. est peccare, Cic : v. use- 
 ful. Phr.: it is e., expfidit, 4. impers. 
 (often foil, by ace. and inf.): what is 
 right is evident ; what t., is in the dark, 
 quid rectum sit, apparel, quid e.\. ob- 
 scuruni I'sl, Cic Fam. 5, 19, ftn. : Ter. : 
 V. advantagf, to be ok. 
 
 expedite: expsdio, mature: v. to 
 hasten 
 
 expedition : I. ^" enterprise : 
 
 I. expfiditio (military) : to martk 
 troc^ forth on an '..njlliles educt-re iu 
 expeditlonem, Cic. Div. i, jj, 72: to 
 undertake an e., ex. suscipere, Suel. : 
 Caes. 2. Iter : v. jolrnev, kiAWH. 
 
 II. Speed of execution: efilitilni: 
 to use e. about any thing, c oil in .Uiqua 
 re, Cic. : v. haste, speed. I'hr.; thrrt 
 is need of e., mature facto opus est. 
 Sail. Cat. I. 
 
 expeditious: ceier, piomptug, m4- 
 tunis V. vuii K, PHOSIIT. 
 
 expeditiously : cf ifriter. prompte, 
 
 mainrO: v. ijlli KLV. PKOMPTLV. 
 
 expeditiousness : v. expeditio* 
 
 (H.). 
 
 expel : 1. exp<-llo. pOli. pukum, 
 J (in nhalfoever tray: that /com which. 
 usu. expr hy ahl. al'Mie, or »iih e, e.\) 
 til e. any *me friim Aou.-^, country, com- 
 monwealUt, aliqueni dunio (sua), civilale, 
 ex republica ex., Cic; Cat-s. : to e. an 
 enemy from territtrries, hoales finibus 
 ex., Caes.: also with a (ab) and aljt., 
 Cic. Sext. I J, io : V. TO drivk out. 
 banish. 2. ejleio, jeci, ctum, j 
 (rather stronger than preced., to rart 
 out, q. v.: that from which, usu. expr. 
 by abl. with ex, de ; also ab) : to e. 
 any one from the senate, e. aliqueni e 
 senatu, Cic de Sen. 12, 42 (to e.\pr. 
 which praeterire was also used «» a 
 milder expr., Liv. 58, 28 ; also [de] 
 senatu movcre, Cic. Clu. 4;, I22); from 
 a collegium, de coUegio, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 5 ; 
 ako absol., cf. Cic Sext. U. Jo. 3. 
 exlennino, i (to drive quite out; ao 
 emphatic expr.) : v. to banish. 4, 
 dejlcjo, J (esp. from an elevated pon- 
 tio7i), deturbo {confusedly and vio- 
 lently), etc.: V. to dislodge. Phr.; 
 to e. a man from his tribe, aliquem 
 tribu movere, Cic : v suj/r. (2). 
 
 expeller: expulsor (Cic); exactor 
 (Liv.). 
 
 expend : expendo, impendo : v. to 
 spend. 
 
 expenditure: 1. erfigaUo (pe- 
 cuniae), Cic. Att i;, 2, Jin. 2. snmp- 
 tus, impensa (esp. pi.) to set limiU lo 
 the public e., lacere moduni impcnsis 
 publicis, Tac : needful e., ueces>arii 
 sumptus, Cic. : V. foil. art. 
 
 expense : 1. impensa (outlay of 
 any kind): to go to no e., nullam im. 
 facere, Cic. Phil. 6, 5, 14: often pi., at 
 my e., meis impensis, Nep. Phoc. i : 
 Tac. 2. sumptus, ils ('-sp. of great, 
 excessive e.) : to keep a great number of 
 horsemen at one's ou-n e., magnum 
 numerum equitum suo s. .dere, Caes. : 
 to go to extravagant c, ultra nio<luni 
 sumptu prodire, Cic : to diminish the e. 
 of embassies, s. legationum minuere, 
 Cic: lawful «., s. leuitimiLS Cic 
 Fam. ;, 8, ad med. 3. impendium 
 
 ( = impensa, but less freq. and chiefly 
 pi.) : without e., sine im.. Cic QuinL 
 J, 12 (= nulla impensa, Cic Verr. 
 2, I, 5?, 14O ; to go to very great «., 
 impendia maxima facere, I'lin. F^. ; 
 to lie indulged {of a laugh) at Iht 
 e. of modesty, Irapendio pudorls con- 
 stare. Quint. : v. cost. 4. dis- 
 
 pendium (esp. in ihe comic writer*) ; ai 
 
 less e., minore dispendio, PL : without e. 
 
 ones 01(71 part (fig.), sine suo d., T 
 
 C5, 2, 29; Col.: Plin. (X.B.-Ne 
 
 e. 
 on one s ouji pan ^^g.;, sine suo u., Ter. 
 Hec5, 2, 29; Col.: Plin. (X.B.— Never 
 pi.) P h r. : funeral e.s, arbitria funeris, 
 Cic. Dom. J7' ^^ '" <"•""'■"'. o'^"" 
 public e., de publico convivari, Cic Verr. 
 J, 44. 105: at a great <•., mapiii (v. 
 PRICE): to liiv at another s r. tpoei.), 
 alieiia vivere quadra, Juv. : to git a 
 laugh at any one's e., luditicarl aliquem, 
 I'l. : Ter. (V. TO F(X)l) to dti any thing 
 at the e. of dignity, dignitatis Jacluram 
 ob aliquam rem facere cf. Cic Plan. X 
 
 6 : V. LOSS. 
 
 expensive : 1. sumptuOsus (usa 
 
 with the idea of »iaf;ni/ic<7itK- v. srvp- 
 TiMis. 2. expr. by sumptus, im- 
 pendium, etc.: not to be in the Itaxt 
 dtgree e., ne minimo quidem suniptui 
 esse, Cic Att ?, 14 : to be wt/ e. lo any 
 one, magnum dispeudium (.Impendium) 
 Qllcui afferre. Col. 4, 24, tint.; v. ex 
 PESSE. See also costly. 
 
 275
 
 EXPENSIVELY 
 
 EXPLICIT 
 
 EXPOSE 
 
 expensively: cum maxima im- 
 pen»a, maximo sumptu : v. expense. 
 expensiveness : sunmws: v. ex- 
 
 rEKst ; also DEAUNESS. 
 
 experience {subs.) .- 1. usus, us : 
 a general of no e., nuUius u. imperator, 
 Caes. ; military e., u. in re militari, 
 Cic. : possessed of such e. {in legal mat- 
 ters), tali usu [atque exercitationej 
 praediius, Cic. Clu. ji, 84: great poli- 
 tical e., u. in republica rerum maxi- 
 marum, Cic. Rtp. 1, 2[. 2. peritia 
 (knowledge acquired by e.) : e. of locali- 
 ties and warfare, locorum et militiae p., 
 Sail.: Tac.: v. sagacity. 3. ex- 
 pgrientia (esp. with rerum : in Cic. the 
 act of trying) ; neither in years or e. 
 equal to such a burden, non aetate 
 neque rerum ex. tantae moli par, Tac. 
 A. 1, 4 a man of Imig e., vir longa ex., 
 Tac: Veil. 4. expr. by experimen- 
 tnm (an act of trial, an individual ex- 
 perience) : esp. in pi. : taught by abun- 
 dant e., multis ex. eruditus, Plin. Ep. i, 
 5, 16: Metellus knew by e. that...., 
 Metello experimentis cogtiitum erat 
 (with ace. and inf.) : SaU. Jug. 46 : pre- 
 cept is of less avail than e-, minus va- 
 lent praecepta quam experimenta, 
 Quint. 2, 5, 1 5. Ph r. : / speak from e., 
 cUco expertus in nobis, Cic. (v. foil, 
 art.): your e. during the last 24 years, 
 quae per quatuor et viginti annos pas.si 
 sitis, Liv. 21, 10, med. : taught by the e. 
 of others, per aliena exempla doctus (R. 
 and A.): / have learned by «., com- 
 pertum ego liabeo. Sail. Cat. 58, init. 
 
 experience ("•) •• 1. expr. by 
 
 iisuvgnit (or usu venit), 4, impers. 
 (with dot. of subject) : xchat could any 
 one e. more afflicting f quid homini 
 potest acerbius usuvenire ? Cic. Quint. 
 15, 19: cf. Att. 7, 26, init. 2. ex- 
 perior, pertus, 4 (to make trial) : / very 
 often e. in my oivn case that .... in me 
 ipso saepissime experior ut . . . , Cic. de 
 Or. I, 26, 121 : believi; one who has e.d 
 it, experto crede, Virg. 3. patior, 
 68US, } (suffering) : much did he e. in 
 war, multa bello passus (est), Virg. : 
 Liv. (v. preced. art., fin.) : v. to suffkr. 
 4, cognosco, novi, nitum, } (to 
 find out by experience): v. to leakn, 
 P h r. : tlie folloicing year he e.d a, 
 severe domestic afflictum, sequens annus 
 gravi vulnere animum domumque (ejus) 
 afflixil, Tac. Agr. 7 : I do nut believe 
 that Scipio has r.d any evil, nil niali 
 .Scipioiii accidisse puto, Cic. : v. to 
 
 HAPPEN. 
 
 experienced (part, adj.) .- 1. 
 
 expr. by usus (v. experience): an e. 
 and wise man, vir usu et sapientia 
 praestans, Nep. : e. men, homines usu 
 periti, Cic. Off. i, 41, 147: e. in war, 
 peritus ad u. ac disciplinam (belli), Cic. 
 Font. 15, JJ. 2. peritus (implying 
 skill) : esp. in connexion with usus (v. 
 supr. 1): most e. generals, peritissimi 
 [atque exercitatissimi] duces, Caes B. C. 
 J. 7J: Cic. 3. exercitiitus (prac- 
 tised: q. v.): Caes.: Cic. (v. supr. 2). 
 4. callidus : v. skilful. 5. 
 
 gnarus': v, acquainted with. 6. 
 
 experiens, ntis (i. e. making trial of 
 every thing) : v. enterprjsing . 
 
 experiment : expeilmentum : v. 
 trial. 
 
 experiment upon : experior, ex- 
 periraenlum lacio : v. to try 
 
 experimental : *experimentis adep- 
 tus, partus: v. expekienck. Phr. : 
 to have e. knoniedge of anything, aliquid 
 usu compertum habere, cf. Sail. Cat. 58: 
 an e. trip (of a vessel). *experiendae 
 (periclitandae) navis navigatio sus- 
 cepta. 
 
 experimentally : usu, experimentis: 
 
 V. EXPERIENCE. 
 
 expert: callidus, sciens, etc. (usu. 
 with gen.) : v. clever, skilful. 
 
 expertly : callidg, scienter : V. cle- 
 verly, skilfully. 
 
 expertness : calUditas, soUertia : V. 
 
 SKILL. 
 
 expiable : piaWlis, e (rare) : Ov. 
 (More usu. expr. by verb; quod expiari 
 potest . v TO expiate.) 
 276 
 
 expiate : 1. expio, l (by sacri- 
 
 fices, etc.) : to e. a crime, scelus ex.. 
 Hot. : to be e.d by the punishment of 
 (the criminal) himself, ipsius supplicio 
 expiari, Cic. Join: procurare atque 
 expiare (with ref. to portents), Cic. i)iv. 
 2, 6j, lio. 2. P'o. I (chiefly poet.) : 
 v. TO atone for. 
 
 expiation : 1. expiatio : Cic. : 
 Liv. 2. procdratio (with ref. to^MH- 
 tcn^s) ; that e. should be made with (the 
 sacrifice of) a swine, ut sue p. tieret, 
 Cic: Tac. 3, expr. by verb: this 
 mode of e., *hoc genus expiandi : v. to 
 expiate. 
 
 expiatory : 1. piaciilaris, e : e. sa- 
 crifices, p. sacrificia. Ltv. 2. expr. 
 by subs. : an e. victim, piaculum, Liv. ; 
 piaraentum, Plin. : Sen. : e. rites, pia- 
 mina, Ov. 
 
 expiration : P b r. : at the e. of the 
 fifth year, quinto anno excunte, Cic. 
 (1^ TO END, intr.) : after the e. of a year. 
 arnio exacto, circumacto, Liv. : because 
 his year (of office) ivas on the point of e... 
 quia jam in exitu annus erat, Liv. }3, 
 J5, init. 
 
 expire : I. I'o breathe one's last : 
 exspiro, i (not in Cic.) : Liv. 2, 20, etc. : 
 Virg. : Quint. Phr.: to e., animam 
 edere, Cic. Sext. j8, 8} ; animam agere, 
 etflare, Cic Tusc i, to, 19; animam 
 exhalare, exspirare, Ov. ; on the point of 
 e.ing, moribundus, Cic. : v. TO die. ||. 
 To come to an end : of a period of time : 
 1. exeo, 4, irr. : tlie time prescribed 
 by the truce had e.d, indutiarum dies 
 exierat, Liv. 4, jo, med. ; Cic. : v. to 
 end. 2. intercede, } (of an interval 
 between events) : v. to elapse. Ph r. : 
 after thirty-three days had e.d, peractis 
 diebus tribus et triginta, Liv. i, jl, 
 med. : sinily, when a period or cycle of 
 time has e.d, circumactis (diebus. an- 
 nis), Liv. 9, jj, med. : to be on the 
 point of e.ing, i&m in exitu esse, Liv. 
 
 explain : 1. explano, i (to make 
 quite plain) : to be more easily under- 
 stood than e.'d, facilius intelligi. quam 
 explanari, Cic. : more fully, to e an 
 obscure sttbject, obscuram rem ex. inter- 
 pretando, Cic Brut. 41, 152. Join: 
 docere et explanare, Cic. de Or. 2 19, 82. 
 2. explico, avi and ui, at jm and 
 itum, 1 (to unfold, set forth at large) 
 to e. any thing very clearly, aliquid aper- 
 tissime planissimeque ex., Cic. : v. to 
 unfold. 3. expono, j : v. to sett 
 FORTH. 4. interpretor, i : v. to in- 
 TKRPRET. 5. enucleo, i (lit. to extri- 
 cate the kernel of a thing : to inquire 
 nicely into): Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 2?. 6. 
 enodo. i (to remme knots, clear of diffi- 
 culties) : to e. names (elymologically), 
 nomina e., Cic. : to e. and set forth care- 
 fully, res enodatas diligeiiter exponere. 
 Cic. Inv. 2, J, 6. 7. iUustro, i (to 
 shed light upon) : to e. the recondite dis- 
 coveries of the Greeks in Latin verse, 
 Graiorum obscura reperta il. Latinis 
 versibus, Lucr. (See also explanation.) 
 
 explainable : expllcahllis, e, Plin. 
 (Usu. better, quod explanari potest, 
 quod verbis exponere possis : v. to ex- 
 plain.) 
 
 explainer : explanator, Cic : v. in- 
 teupreter. 
 explanation : 1. expianatio, 
 
 Cic: Plin. 2. explicatio, Cic. : Quint. 
 (For syn. see verb.) 3, satistactio (a 
 formal e. of one's conduct) : Sail. Cat. 
 J 5- 4. ratio (the true rationale or 
 principle of any thing) : to give an e. (of 
 natural phenomena), r. reddere. Sen. 
 N. Q. I, I, 6: cf. Lucr. 1, 60. 5. eno- 
 datio : Cic. (Or expr. by verb : in the 
 e. of names, in enodandls nominibus, 
 Cic. : v. to explain.) See also inter- 
 pretation. 
 
 explanatory : expr. by verb to 
 make a few e. remarks, *pauca expla- 
 nandi causa dicere : v. to explain. 
 (N. B. — Not explanatorius.) 
 
 expletive (.o^j-) ■ expietivus, Donat : 
 Charis. 
 
 expletive (subs.) : *vox expleliva. 
 
 explicit : 1. expUcatus (fully 
 
 and clearly written or spoken) : cf Cic 
 
 Att. 9, 7, init. (nihil explicatiu.s, niml 
 uberius): Aug. 2. apertus: t. clear, 
 open. 3. expr. by adv. diserte: v. 
 foil. art. Phr. : he was very e. in his 
 refusal, aperte, sine fuco et lallaciis 
 negavit, cf. Cic. Att. i, i, init. ; *rainime 
 tergiversando negavit (v. to evade). 
 
 explicitly : 1, diserte (in so many 
 tvords) : tn the treaty of Lutalius it was 
 e. added, in Lutatii foedere d. additum 
 est, Liv. 21, 19. Join: disertissimc 
 planissimeque, Liv. 2. aperte. plane : 
 v. clearly, plainly. Phr.: to speak 
 e. (without hiding any thing), Latine 
 loqui.Cic. : Quint. 
 
 explicitness : expr. by phr. : to 
 speak with the ulirujst e., quam disertis- 
 sime loqui, etc. : v. preced. artt. 
 
 explode : A. r r a n s. : |. To 
 blow up ; as with gunpowder : *explodo, 
 si, sum, J (lit. to drive out -with a noise) : 
 cf. Sen. Cons. Marc 10, 4. Ph r. to be 
 e.d by gunpowder, Tartareo difSari pul- 
 vere in auras. Milt. Sylv. 2, 161. ||. 
 Fig.: to refute uttei ly : 1. explode, 
 i (to clap or hiss off' the stage; hence, 
 of opinions, to prove to be false) : thi 
 opinion has long been e.d, j-im pridera 
 e.xplosa sententia est, Cic. Off. I, 2, 6. 
 Join: expledi et ejici, Cic. Clu. Ji, 86. 
 2. (to lie or become e.d, as the result 
 of progress in knowledge) : obsOlesco, 
 evi, etum, } ; p. part, obsoletus : now 
 that they (the Cyrenaics) are e.d, Epicu- 
 rus flourishes, quibus obsoleiis, floret 
 Epicurus, Cic. Off. }, j}, 116: that liiu 
 of argument is already e.d, obselevit 
 jam ista oratio [re multo magis quam 
 verbis refutata], Cic. Manil. 17, 52. See 
 also To refute, confute. B. i n- 
 trans.: to burst with a report : dis- 
 plodor, sus, J : cf. Lucr. 6, 284 : " plena 
 animae vesicula dat sonitum displosa 
 repente :" cf. also Hor. S. i, 8, 46. Set- 
 also TO BtmST. 
 
 exploit: faclnus, res gesta (esp. in 
 
 pi.) : v. ACHIEVEMENT. 
 
 exploration : expr. by verb : with 
 a view to an e. of the country, regionis 
 explerandae causa : v. to explore. 
 
 explore : 1. explore, i (to search 
 into and make known) : he e.d Africa, 
 Africam exploravit, Cic. Manil. 12, J4 
 toe. the coast <f Africa, Sinibilwm Africae 
 ex., Plin. 5, i $ 8: v. to reconnoitre. 
 
 2. iniiago, I (to traek out, as 
 hounds) : to e. new paths (fig.), inusi- 
 tatas vias in., Cic. Or. }, 1 1. 3. scru- 
 tor, ptrscrutor, i : v. to search out. 
 
 explorer : explorator : Plin. 6, 29, 
 J5 ^ 1 84 or expr. by verb : (tlie sol- 
 dieis)sent by Jfero as e.s, missi ad ex- 
 plotandum, ib. } 181. In the pi. the 
 part, explorans may be used, L. G. 
 ^6}8. 
 
 explosion : 1. crepitus, u- (any 
 cracking sound) : Cic. : Plin. 2. frager : 
 V. crash. Phr.: there ivas an e. of 
 gunpowder, *igne admoto cum fragore 
 pulvis (nitratus) displosus est(?). 
 
 explosive : *quod subito exardescat. 
 cum fiagore displodatur (?). Or perh. 
 ignigenus, cf Apul. Met. 7, p. 197. 
 
 exponent: I. Numerical: *ex- 
 
 ponens, ntis, m., sc. numerus. ||. That 
 
 which sets forth and expounds : index. 
 
 I icis. c. : the eyes, e.s of the emotions, 
 
 - indices animi oculi, Cic. Or. iB.fin.: v. 
 
 INDICATOR. 
 
 export (v.) : 1. evehe, xi, ctum, 
 ■ }(');/ whatever nu)de of carriage) : others 
 e. their own products and impirt otfiers 
 from abroad, alii merces suas e., exter- 
 nasque invehunt, Plin. 6, 19, 22 : Alfen. 
 Dig. 39, 4, 15. 2. experto, i (appli- 
 cable to any mode of carrying off) : to 
 e. grain in time of famine, frumentum 
 1 in fame ex., Cic. Fl. 7, 17 : v. exports. 
 
 3. mitto, } (poet.) : Virg. 
 exportation : exportatio, Cic. (Or 
 
 expr. by verb : v. to export.) 
 
 exporter : exponator, let. in Forcell. 
 exports : merces evectae, exporta- 
 
 tae ; quae exportantur, cf. Cic. Manil. 
 
 6, 14. 
 expose : I. ^ place out, in the 
 
 way of: 1. expono, p6sui, Itum, j 
 
 (to put out ; e.<p. of infants) : to e. chil-
 
 EXPOSED 
 
 EXPRESS IV K 
 
 EXTANT 
 
 dren, pueros ex., Llv. : to e. vessels (Jor i 
 show), vasa ex. : Cic. : a place e.d to ; 
 Oif sun's rays, locus soUbus e.Npositus, 
 Petr. : e.d to so many enemies, lot hosti- 
 biis exposilus. I'lin 2. objicio, jeci, 
 
 lectutn, } (to put in the ti-ay of: with 
 face, and dat.) : to e. a person to death. 
 Rllquem niorti ob., Cic. : to be e.d to the [ 
 tUigger, sicae objici, Cic. : to e. oneselj to , 
 the weapons of enemies, ob. so tflis hos- 
 tium, etc. : Caes. Frequent, objecto, i, 
 to e. again and again, Virg. 3. 
 
 oflaro, obtuli, latum, j. irr. (like ob- 
 jicio) : to e. ourselves to dangers unne- 
 cessarily, of. nos pericuUs sine causa, 
 Cic. 4. obdo, didi, ditum, ? (like 
 preccd. : rare) : Hor. 6. subjicio, J : 
 V. TO SUBJECT. See also exI"Osei> (fin.). 
 II. Specially, for sale : propono, 
 expono : V. TO exhibit. In pass., to be 
 e.d for sale, pros tare, Hor. |||. To 
 show up ignominiously : Phr. : toe. 
 any <mes cri-nus, scelera alicujus mani- 
 festa reddore, proferre, cf. Cic. Verr. 
 Act I, 16,48: to e. a hypocrite, homineni 
 8ub persona vivcntein denudare atque 
 ignominiae objicerc. cf. Sen. Tranq. 15, 8. 
 IV. To lay bare the Ixxlii : 1. 
 nudo, I : toe. the body in public, n. inter 
 cives corpora, Knn. in Cic. Fig.: to e. 
 the body to wounds, n. corpora ad vul- 
 nera, Llv. j8, 26, med. 2. denudo, i : 
 
 V. TO STRIP. 
 
 exposed (part, adj.) : 1. apertus : 
 the enemy attacked our men on the e. 
 side, busies nostros a. L.tere aggressi 
 sunt, Caes. B. G. i, 25. 2. nudus: v. 
 BARE. 3. obnoxius (^liable to, at the 
 mercy of) : e. to insults, contuniiliis ob- 
 noxius. Suet. Tib. 6} : great riches are 
 e. to danger, niagnae periculo sunt opes 
 ob.. Phaedr. 2, 7, extr. : (« place) e. to 
 winds, venlis ob., Tib. : Lucan : Liv. 
 4. opportiinus (conveniently situ- 
 ated for) : bodies more e. to ilisease, cor- 
 pora morbls opportuniora, Pliii. Phr. ; 
 to be e. to, patere : to be e. to a wound, 
 vulneri p., Li v. ji, 59, ad fin.: there 
 are feuer e. parts (fig.) for Fortune to 
 strike, minus ni'jlta patent quae fortuna 
 feriat, Cic. Off. 1, 21, ',}. 
 
 exposition ; |. statement: ex- 
 plicatlo, e.xpositio, enarratio : v. .state- 
 ment, narration. II. Commentary: 
 interprgtatio, expOsitio (Hler. has e.x- 
 positiuncula, a short e., Korcell. s. v.), 
 •exegesis : v. explasation, exegesis, 
 commentary. 
 
 expostulate : 1. expostuio, t 
 
 (ratber stronger than the Eng., implying 
 that a claim of right is urged) ; to e. 
 with any one about an injury (demand 
 redress), cum aliquo injuriam ex., Ter. 
 Ad. 4, I. i; : / think I have ground for 
 t.ing nith you, locus esse viditur tecum 
 expostulaiidi, Cic. Fam. 2, l"], 2 : cf. ib. 
 5. 2, ad fin. 2. qufiror, conqugror, 
 stus, i {to urgi' a cnmplaint) : to e. with 
 any one about an injury, cum aliquo 
 de injuria c, Cic. Fum. "5, 2, } : v. to 
 complain. 3. reclamo, I (loudly) ; 
 
 Cic. : V. to CRY' OUT AGAINST. 
 
 expostulation: expostiilatlo, Cic: 
 Tac. : V. proccd. art. (Sometimes con- 
 .silia may be definite enough : to refuse 
 to listen ti) e., *consilia [amicorum] avcr- 
 iari, negligerc : v. advice.) See also 
 
 COMPLAINT, 
 
 expostulatory : querelarumplenus: 
 
 V. COMPLAINT. 
 
 exposure : I. ^*« ""^^ of ex- 
 vosing : expijisitio (of a child). Just. 
 (Or expr. by verb : the law forbids the 
 e. of children. *lex vetat pueros exponi : 
 V. TO EXPOSE.) II. The state of being 
 exposed to luirdship : Phr.: capable of 
 enduring e. (to cold), patiens frlgoris. 
 Sail. Cat. 5 ; the power of so doing, pa- 
 tientia frignris, Cic. Cat. i, 10, 26; to 
 heat and cold, paiiontia calorls ac fri- 
 goris, Liv. 21,4: to grmr accustomed to 
 every kind of e., duriiiae patlentiaeque 
 insuescere, 'I'ac. A. 6, J4 : to avoid all 
 kinds of e., soles atque ventos et nubila 
 etiam ac siccitates vitare. Quint. 11, 
 
 }, 27 ; V. F.NIiCRANCE, HARDSHIP. |1|, 
 
 With reference to shameful conduct : 
 public eahiliUion of: Phr.: to dread 
 
 not guilt but its e., •nori scelera me- 
 tuere, sed ne commlssa deteganlur ac 
 manifesta fiant ■ iion scelan >ed scelcris 
 opprobrium .«. infamiam limcre ; v. i»>- 
 
 GRACK, INKAMV 
 
 expound : expono, interprCtor, ex- 
 
 plano ■ V TO EXPLAIN. 
 
 expounder ; interpres, gtis, /. .- v. 
 
 INTKRITIKTIB 
 
 express C)-- I. Lit- to press 
 out : exprlmo. pressi, ssum, } : to e. 
 juice from a seed, succum a semine ex., 
 Plin. II. To give exirrofsiun to in 
 
 words : 1. exprlmo, j : to e. our sen- 
 sations in words, ex. dicendo sensa, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 8, }2 : / cannot e. what joy I 
 feel, ex. non possum quaiilo sim gaudio 
 afTectus, Plin. Kp. 2. signlllco, i 
 
 (to signify t« any way) : v. to indi- 
 cate. 3. promo, mpsl, mptiim, } (.to 
 bring out plainly) : words which best e. 
 the sentinwnts of the mind, verba quae 
 itensum animi optime p., Quint. 8, pref. 
 } }2 : Plin. jun. 4. exsequor, cuius, 
 
 } (to set forth fully) : (secret) matters 
 which I can scarcely e. in words, quae 
 vix verbis ex. posnlm, Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 
 med. 6. declaro, x (to make clear, 
 evident) : he e.'d his regard for me, de- 
 claravit quanti nie faceret, Cic. Att. 6, 
 I, 7: to e. the same sense (of a word), 
 idem d., Cic. Fin. 2, 4, i j. 6. demon- 
 stro, I : V. TO SHOW. Phr. : to e. one- 
 self, loqui, dicere (v. to spi-iak) : to e. a 
 sentiment in words, sentenliam verbis 
 efferre, Cic. Or. 44. 150 : the feelings e. 
 tliemselves by the eyes, per oculos animus 
 eminet, Quint, u, j, 75. See also to 
 
 DISPLAY. 
 
 express (a**;) •■ I. f:xact: Phr.: 
 
 I will said you tite whole of the conver- 
 sation in its e. uwds, omnera tibi ser- 
 monem, omnibus verbis expressum mit- 
 tara, Cic. Att. 9, i;. mai.: to say any- 
 thing in e. i(Oi-(l«,aliquiddiserteplaneque 
 dicere (v. explicit). ||. Extraordi- 
 
 nary : extraordinarius : v. extraordi- 
 nary, SPECIAL. 
 
 express (subs.) .- i. e. a special mes- 
 senger : *cursor, tabellarius, nuntius ex- 
 tra ordinem (?data opera, cf. Plin. Ep. 
 }, 17, 2) missus. 
 
 expression : I. Pressing out : 
 
 expressio (e. g. mellis) : Pall. : Vitr. 
 II. The act of giving expression to : 
 expr. by verb: joy beyond e., *gaudi;i 
 majora "quam quae (ut) verbis exprimi 
 possint : V. to express. |||. Verbal : 
 vox, verba: v. word, language. Phr.: 
 for we u.<<e the e., " to give up the ghost," 
 Tiam agere animam [et efflare] dicimus, 
 Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19: hoiij often he uses the 
 e., " both consul and Antony," quam cre- 
 bro usurpat et consul et Antonius: Cic. 
 Phil. 2, 28, 70: to mate «se of an e. of 
 .•Colon's, ut Solonis dictum usurpem, Cic. : 
 cf. l>ucr. I, 61. IV. Of the features, 
 in works of art, etc. : 1. vultus, fis 
 («. of the countenance) : the countenance 
 of Socrates wore always Vie same e., 
 erat in Socrate semper idem v., Cic. 
 Tusc. J, 15, Jl : V. features. 2. 
 
 arputiae, arum (movement, grace and 
 life) : he (I'arrhasius) was the first to 
 paint e. (" yiUx u ") of countenance, primus 
 argutias vultus dedit, Plin. J?, 10. j6 s^ 5 
 (elsewhere Plin. has animi perturbi- 
 tiones pitigere, to paint e. nf feeling, ib. 
 { 19). Phr.: to sing with e., *apte ad 
 aniuios hominuni commovendus canere ; 
 animi motus (penurbatioiu-s) aincndo 
 bene exprimere : the head is the prin- 
 cipal thing for e. (in a speaker), prae- 
 cipuum est caput ad significationem, 
 Quint. II, J, 68 
 
 expressive: I. indicating: foU. 
 by of: 1. index, kis; c. : the eyes 
 are e. of feeling, inilices animi oculi, 
 Cic. Or. 18, 60 : ceafe that cry. e. of your 
 tolly, quin continetis voceni, i. stultiliae 
 vestrae, Cic. C. Kab. 6, 18 : Quint. 2. 
 expr. by signlfico, declaro, etc. : (actions) 
 e. '-*' afectiim. Iiatred, •quae amorem, 
 odium significant, etc. v. to express. 
 II, Full of expressiveness : 1. 
 expr. by vis:'/ have always thought 
 this word moft e., hiyns v.rbi vim vel 
 luaximan) semper, p.ntavi. Cic. de Or. :. 
 
 4, 17 : lobe more e. than language itteif 
 (of pictures), ipsam vim dicendj sn- 
 perare. Quint. 11, 5,67. 2. expr. by 
 »ignifico, the pres. part, of which it 
 used as adj. : gesture and mf/vement are 
 alike e., gestus motu»que significai ali- 
 quid, Quint. 1 1, J, 9 than %chich r,othing 
 can be found more e., quo nihil inveniri 
 posset significantius, Quinl. 8, 2, 9 
 Gell. (who has supeil.). Phr.: Oie eye* 
 are the most e. feature in the counte- 
 nance, in vnitu plurimum valent oculi. 
 Quint. II, }, 75 : the head is the most e. 
 (<f the body), pra'cipimm est caput ad 
 significationem, ib. } 68 : e, gestures (of 
 a sj'raker), apti ex ipso sermone molun 
 ib. 5 69: e. eyes, oculi loquaces, lib. (in 
 Cic. Leg. I, 9, 27, arguti <x:uli are the 
 eyes, as full of moremenl and life natu 
 rally : see the place). 
 
 expressively : 1 sienlf icanter 
 Quint. : (jell. 2. expr. by vis . huu, 
 e. is this said, *fiuantam %nni haec ba 
 bent; quanta vLs inesl his diclis I t 
 EXPRESsHE (II.). (.\.B.— Kxprcase di 
 cere, in Plin. Ep. 2, 14, 2, is to detcribe a 
 thing exactly.) 
 
 expressiveness : 1. *>s, vim, vi. 
 
 /. : the vjiee yiees special e. to things 
 said, vox propriam vim adjicit rebus. 
 Quint. 11, 3,0: Cic: v. expressive (U.); 
 FORCE. 2. significatio (strictly the 
 act, not the qualitif) : Quint. : v. expres- 
 sion (III., fin:). 3. proprieias (ap- 
 propriateness to what is spoken of) .- v. 
 propriety. Phr.: the crmntenana 
 often has as much e. as any language, 
 v'lilius est saepe pro omnibus verbis. 
 Quint. II, }, 72: Aon- great is the e. of 
 the eyes, quomodo loquuniur ocufi el 
 declarant animi affeclus ! cf. Cic l*g. 
 
 expressly : disene : Liv. : v. expu- 
 
 crPLY. Phr.: e. for that purpose, ad id 
 ipsum, Liv. (v. very) : he nun here says 
 so e., but he says what is tantamount to 
 it, non usquam id quidem dicit, s«1 
 quae dicit eadem valent, Cic. fuse. 5. 
 9. 24. 
 
 expulsion : exactio : the e. of the 
 kings, regum ex., Cic. (More f^e<j. 
 expr. by verb : after the e. if the kings, 
 post exactos s. expulsos reges: v. to 
 expel. See also banishment.) 
 
 expulsive : qui (qu;ie, quod) expel- 
 
 lit : V. TO KXPEL. 
 
 I expunge : deleo, obUtlSro : V. to 
 
 ; BLOT OUT, ERASE. (Expungo, to prick 
 
 \ nut, mark out by pricks or points, rare 
 
 in this sense.) 
 
 ! expurgate : purgo. expurgo, 1 : V. 
 TO PURGE, PURiFV. (Mart, has castrare 
 
 libellos, I, j; : v. to CA^TRATE.) 
 
 expurgatory : •expurgalorlus (in- 
 dex1: M.L. 
 
 exquisite («*•) ■• 1- conquisilnt 
 (lit. sought out from various places) : 
 the tables were loaded with the nwft e. 
 dainties, mensae conquisilissimis epulis 
 exstruebantur, Cic. Tusc. 5. J'. ^J- 
 (N.B.-More(req. in lit. sens*-, as fiarl. : 
 Caes.: Liv.) 2. exquisitus (reuneJ, 
 recherche) : e. tortures, ex. supplicia, 
 Cic: e. banquets, ex. epulac, I'lin.: v. 
 REFINED. (N.B.— In oiher applicaUons 
 besides the above, eximius, summus, 
 iind some more definite superlatives may 
 be used : a most e. flavour, sipor dulcis- 
 slmus: a girl of e. Imuty. epn>gia (ex- 
 imia) forma puella : most r. liehcacy of 
 judgment, snperbissimum judicium : v. 
 
 EXTRAORnlNARY, REMARKABLE; SWF.ET. 
 
 DELICIOUS, etc.) 
 
 exqtlisite (.'«''*•)•■ homo dellcatus. 
 elegans.- v. dandy. . , . „ , .. 
 
 exquisitely : vfnustissTme, ifpidis- 
 
 sime . etc. v. charmingly, (h-xqui- 
 site of that which is done with great 
 care and nicety.) Phr. / stand in 
 need of your e. refined criticttm, opus 
 est Umatulo et polito tuo Judicio, <J»c 
 Fam. 7. ?!• 
 
 exquisiteness : I. fie'ineme'^t: 
 
 subtilltas: v. dk.i.uact, nicety. ||. 
 fnt'-nsity, esp. of pain : perh. v|g : v. 
 vioLK_NCE: see also tobtube; kscbo- 
 
 CUTING. 
 
 extant : «ilpersK"s. "is : the r. piayt 
 
 27:
 
 EXTEMPORANEOUS 
 
 EXTERMINATE 
 
 EXTIRPATION 
 
 tf Euripides. Euripidis fabulae s., 
 Nauck : v. surviving. Usu. with to 
 f>^'- 1, exsto, stiti, i : vo writivgs 
 
 "f De.mades are e., Demadis nulla ex. 
 Bcrlpta, Cic. : Quint. 2. consto, stiti, 
 I (rare in this sense) : the most ancient 
 (orators) irhose writings are e., anti- 
 quissimi quorum quidem scripta c, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 22, 9?. 3. maneo, diiro : v. 
 
 TO UEMAIN, ENDUKE. 4. SUpersUm, 
 
 fui, irr. (in this sense appy, modem) ; 
 the e. poems of Pindar, Pmdari carraina 
 quae s., Dissen.: Uik entire e. icorks of 
 Livy, T. Livii libri qui s. omnes, Drak. 
 
 extemporaneous ( 1. siibitus : 
 
 extemporary 5^- and unpre- 
 meditated speech, s. et luriuita oratio, 
 Cic. de Or. i, jj, i;o uhether he was 
 delivering premeditated or e. addresses. 
 sive meditata sive subita proferret, Plin. 
 Ep. I, i6, 2. 2. extemporillis, e {not 
 •Cic.): e. ipeecfe, ex. oratii), yuint. : Plin. 
 jun. 3. subitarius. Gell. Phr. : e. 
 speaking, extemporalitas, Suet. Tit. j. 
 
 extempore (a'^"-) •" 1. siibito.- to 
 
 speak e., s. diC(^re, Cic de Or. i, }}, 150. 
 
 2, expr. by siibitus : to speak e., 
 subita dicere, proferre : v. preced. art. 
 
 3, ex tempore : Plin. Ep. 2, j, i : 
 Suet. Phr.: the gift of speaking e., 
 extemporalis facultas. Suet. Aug. 84. 
 
 extemporize : Phr.: to e., subito or 
 subita dicere, subita proferre : v. preced. 
 artt. : so ready in versification as to be 
 able to e. verse, in fingendis poematibus 
 promptus et lacilis ad exteraporalitateni 
 usque. Suet. Tit. j : he ivould e. a couple 
 of hundred lines at a stretch, ducentos 
 versus dictabat stans pede in uno, Hor. 
 Sat. I, 4, 10. 
 
 extend : A. T r a n s. : 1. ex- 
 tendo, di, turn, j {to stretch out in any 
 way) ; to e. tlte wings of an army, comua 
 aciei ex.. Curt. Often fig. : to e. fame 
 by achievements, famam ex. factis, Virg. : 
 V. TO STRETCH OUT. 2. distendo, J 
 (to stretch apart) : to e. the line of battle, 
 aciem d., Caes. 3. profero, tiili, latum, 
 J, irr. (to carry forward) : he shall e. 
 ftis swa!/, proferet imperium, Virg : Liv. 
 
 4, pr6pago, I (like preced. : in this 
 sense, usu. toll, by some such word as 
 fines) : to e. the boundaries of an empire, 
 imperii fines p., Cic. Rep. j, 12, 8: Tac. 
 .foin: augere et propagare imperiuni. 
 Suet. 5. amplio, 1 Suet. Caes. 44. 
 Phr.: to e. a line of battle, diducere 
 ordines, Tac. See also to kxpand. 
 
 B. In trans.: 1, porrigor, rectus, 
 i (to lie outstretched) ; Tityos e.s over 
 nine acres, Tityo'^ fipr noveni .iugera 
 p., Virg. : e.ing from, east to rvest, ab 
 ortu porrecta (zona) ad occasum, Mela, 
 I, i: Tac: v. to stretch. 2. ex- 
 tendo, i (with pron. refl. or as pass ) : 
 it e.s to the Hellespmit, se ad Helles- 
 ponticuni freium ex. (Asia), JVI<-la, 1.2 
 the coast which e s fi'mii thence, ab eo 
 quae extenditur ora, Mela, 2, 7 : v. to 
 STRETCH. 3. pateo, ui, 2 (to lie open : 
 hence esp. of countries uhich e. widely: 
 also fig.) : the nation of Vie Lygiaiis 
 e.s very widely, latissime p. Lygiorum 
 nomen, Tac. Ger. 4; : Mela. 4, pro- 
 curro, 1, sum, } (to project) : to e. toivards 
 the north, p. ad Sepienlrionem, Mela, 1, 
 i. Very oft. fig. : to e. icidely very 
 widely, late, latissime p., Cic. Join: 
 fatiseime patere ad plurimosque per 
 tinere, Cic. Off. i, 26, 92. 5. attingo, 
 tigi, J (to touch upon) : Mela. 6, 
 
 pertineo, 2 : v. to reach. Phr.: where 
 it (Mt. Taurus) e.s to the Mediterranean, 
 ubi nostra maria contingit, Mela : they 
 e. over the greater part of Germany, 
 majorem Oermaniae partem obtinent, 
 Tac. Ger. J8 : the nation of the Cliauci 
 e.s along the Jtanks of aU the aioi-e- 
 mentioned nations, Chaucoiuiu gens om- 
 nium quas exposal gentium laieribus 
 obtenditur, Tac. Ger. i^ the traces of 
 their olden fanu: e. far and ii-ide, veteris 
 famae lata vestigia uianent, Tac. Ger. j^. 
 
 extended (part, adj.) .- porrectus : a 
 too e. line of battle, porreclior acies, 
 Tac. : V. extensive. 
 
 extension: I. The act: 1. por- 
 rectio (e. g. digllorum) : Cic. 2. pi opa- 
 2:8 
 
 gatio (of boundaries) : Cic. 3. pro- 
 latio (like preced.) : Liv. 4. prOductio 
 (lengthening) : Cic. : t. protractiok. 
 5. exteutio (v. rare): Vitr. ||, 
 The quality, in mathemat. sense : *ex- 
 tentio : the essence if matter consists in 
 e., essentia materiae consistit in ex., 
 Spinos. Pr. Phil. Cart. 2, 6. |||, Space : 
 *extentio : Spinosa. 
 
 extensive : 1, patens, ntis (esp. 
 with an adv.) : an e. valley (one that 
 opens out widely), vallis late p., Hirt. 
 B. G. 8, 9: cf. Sail. Jug. 101, Jin. Sinily, 
 to be very e., longe, late patere : v. to 
 extend (B. 3). 2. aniplus : v. spa- 
 cious. 3, latus : very e. deserts, latis- 
 simae solitudines, Caes. B. G. 6, 2J : e. 
 winding coasts, 1. sinus, Tac. Ger. i : 
 e. estates, I. fundi (= latifundia), Virg. 
 4. magnus : v. great. Phr.: to 
 have more e. possessions, latins possidere, 
 Quint. : to have e. influence, multum 
 valere, (plurinium) poUere (v. influ- 
 ence) : a man of e. experience, vlr mul- 
 tarum rerum peritus, Cic. (v. expe- 
 rienced) : to have an e. circle of friends, 
 *multorum bominum esse (cf. paucorum 
 hominum, Hor. S. i, 9, 44) ; plurimis 
 familiariter uti. 
 
 extensively : 'ate : v. wibelt. 
 
 extensiveness : latiiudo : Cic : 
 Caes. 
 
 extent: 1. ambitus, As (com- 
 pass ) : the e. of an encampment, a. cas- 
 trorum, Tac. Ger. ^7 ; over all the e. of 
 earth and sky, per omneni terrarum et 
 coeli a.. Suet. Aug. 94, nied. 2. spa- 
 tiuni (in concrete sense) : sufficient e. of 
 ground for ....*, tantum spatii ut, etc, 
 Caes. : Cic : in general e. and in cli- 
 matic position, spatlii ac coelo, Tac. Agr. 
 10 : vast e.s of islands, immensa s. in- 
 sulaiuni, I'ac. Ger. i : an irregular e. of 
 country, enorme s. terrarum, Tac. Agr. 
 10: V. space. Phr.: to be of wide e. 
 (lit. or fig.), late patere (v. to exte.nd, 
 B. 3): of very great e., maximus, latis 
 simus (v. extensive) : of what e., quan 
 tus (v. GREAT, HOW): to this e., hac- 
 leiius, eatenus ; which may be empha- 
 sized by duntaxat, cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 
 119: to what e., quatenus, Cic : to some 
 e., aliquatenus, Quint.: Sen.: to any e. 
 (you please), quantumvis, Cic. 
 
 extenuate : 1. levo, 1 (to lighten 
 tlie guilt of) : some e. the guilt of the 
 king, 1. quidara regis facinus, Liv. 4, 18 : 
 to endeavour to e. tlte guilt of an accused 
 person, quae apta sunt ad accusatoris 
 criminationem levandam proferre, cl. 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 84. 2. mitigo, i . to e. 
 a crime, atrocitatem sceleris m., cf. Cic. 
 Off. I, 12, J7. 3. minuo, i, iitum, } : 
 to deny charges, to defend, to e., objecta 
 negare, defendere, niinuere. Quint. 7, 2, 
 29: cl^. id. 7, 4, 15: v. TO diminish. 
 P h r. : to e. a crime on the ground of 
 the intention of the accused, [diluendi 
 criminis causa] voluntatem rei defen- 
 dere, Cic. Inv. 2, jj, loi : to e. ajault, 
 *quae qnis deliquerit minora esse de- 
 nionstrare propter quasdam ciiusas (cf. 
 Cic. Inv. 2, J5). N.B. Extenuo, attgnuo, 
 mostly signily to diminish the import- 
 ance or value of, opp to ampUfico : cf. 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 25, 7i ; Auct. Her. j, j, 6. 
 
 extenuating (adj-) ; P h r. : e. cir- 
 cumstances, *eae res quibus culpa minu- 
 itur, cf. Quint. 7,4, 15. 
 
 extenuation: immlnutio (criminis) : 
 Quint. 7, 4, } (al. dlminutio). (More 
 freq. expr. by verb : v. preced. artt.) 
 See also excuse. 
 
 exterior (adj.) .- exiemus, exterior : 
 v. external. 
 
 exterior (subs.) : species : v. ap- 
 pearance. Phr.: tricked out with a 
 fair e., speciosus pelle decora, Hor. Ep. 
 
 I, 16, 4; : cf. Sat. 2, I, 64 : V. OUTSIDE. 
 
 exterminate : 1, expr. by inter- 
 
 necio (v. foil, art.) ami \'erb : ad inter- 
 necionem redigere. Caes. B. G. 2, 28; ad 
 int. caedere, Liv. 9, 26 ; ad int. delere. 
 Liv. 9, 4? ; ad int. adducere (to cause to 
 be e.d), Liv. 41, 2?; ad int. trucidare, 
 Veil. To be e.d, ad int (oranes) perire, 
 Liv. 25, zb,Jin. 2. expr. by occidio, 
 onis, /., and verb : occidjone occidere. 
 
 Cic. Fam. i;, 4, i, med.: Liv. 28, 4J 
 med. ; occidione caedere. Just. To be 
 e.d, occidione occumbere, lac. A. 12, ^8. 
 3. deleo, evi, etum, 2 (to wipe off 
 from the face of the earth) : v. to db- 
 stroy. 4. Interimo, j : v. to cnT 
 OFF (II.). N.B. Not exterminare, which, 
 in the best authors, is to expel from, tht 
 boundaries. 
 
 extermination : 1. intemgcio, 
 onis,/.; wars waged to e., l)eUa ad int. 
 gesta, Nep. : Cic. : v preced. art. 2. 
 occidio, onis, /. (which implies actual 
 cutting doivn in battle ; whereas inter- 
 necio is wholesale destruction by any 
 means): Cic: v. preced. art.. Phr.: a 
 uar of e., bellum intemecivum, Cic. : 
 Liv. 
 
 exterminator : exsiincior : Just. 
 16, I, n'.ed. 
 
 external : 1. extemus (being or 
 coming from n ithout) : fortune, misti ess 
 of e. things, lortuna domina rerum ex., 
 Cic : Hor. : v foreign. 2. exter 
 or e.xterus; with comp. extgrior: the e. 
 parts of bodies, extera corporum, Plin. 
 22, 2 J, 49: Cic: V. outer. 3. ex- 
 
 traneus (more freq. in sense of stranger : 
 q. V.) : e. thirtgs (i. e. uhich are not 
 under our onn cotitrol), res ex., Cic. Inv. 
 2, 59, 178. 4, very olten expr. by 
 extra, extrinsgcus : to perceive (by the 
 senses) e objects, quae extra sunt per- 
 cipere, Cic. : (to afiBrm that) there are 
 certain bodily and e. goods, et in corpore 
 et extra esse quaedam bona, Cic. Kin. 2, 
 21, 68: e. images effect o« entrance to 
 the soul by the body, imagines extrin- 
 secus in animos nostros per corpora 
 irrumpere, Cic Acad. 2, 40, 12; : e. 
 objects, haec quae sunt extrinsecus, Cic. 
 
 externally : exlrinsecns {from with- 
 out, on the outside) : Cic. 
 
 extinct : 1, extinctus (cut off, 
 
 destioyal) : families now e., familiae 
 quae jam ex. sunt, Tac. A. 4, jj, Jin. ; 
 Sail. 2. obsSlelus (disused): mili- 
 
 tary ambition being now e. among our 
 youth, studiis militaribus apnd juven- 
 tutem obsoletis, Cic Font. 15, }i: v. 
 obsolete. 3. mortuus (fig.) : an- 
 
 cient and e. latcs, leges antiquae et m., 
 Cic. : v. dead. Phr.: the Julian and 
 Claudian families being e., finita Juli- 
 orum Claudiorumque domo Tac. : to 
 become e. from aye (of an opinion), 
 vetustate exarescere, Cic. Tusc. }, ji, 
 
 extinction : 1, exstinctio (annU 
 hilation) : Cic. 2. intentus, us: v. 
 
 destruction. 3. excidium (u«er de. 
 struction) : Virg. : Hor. (For lit. sense, 
 expr. by \erli, v. foil, art.) 
 
 extinguish: 1. exstinguo, nxi, 
 
 nctum, } : to e. a cmijlai/ration, incen- 
 diuin ex., Cic. : to e. a light, lucernam 
 ex., Plin. 2, resiinguo, }: to e. a 
 
 flame, flammam r., Cic: Sail. Phr. .- 
 to e. any one's hope, spem alicui prae- 
 cidere, Cic. : all (my) hopes are e.'d, 
 occidit spes omnis, Hor. : v. to destroy, 
 perish. 
 
 extinguisher: |. A person who 
 
 extinguishes : exstinctor (incendii), Cic. 
 II. An instrument for putting out 
 lights : (?) pnigeus, i (a vessel shaped 
 like an in verted funnel ; a cover or 
 damper) : Viir. (R. and A.). 
 
 extirpate : 1. exstirpo, i (to take 
 up by the roots) : oft. fig. : to e. vices, 
 vitia ex., Cic : v. to eradicate. 2. 
 excido, di, sum, i (by cutting or other 
 violent means) : to e. brambles from 
 fields, rubos arvis ex.. Quint, q, 4, 5 : to 
 e. anger {from the mind), iram ex.. Sen. 
 3. very oft. expr. by stirps, gens, 
 genus, with a vcrl): this source of evil 
 will be utterly e.d, exstinguetur atque 
 delebitur stii'ps ac semen malorum, Cic 
 Cat. I, 12, jj : utterly to e. superstition, 
 superstitionis stirpes omnes ejicere, Cic. : 
 thei/ {the drones) are not to be abso- 
 lutely e.d, nee ad occidionem gens in- 
 terimenda est. Col. 9, 15, od init: v. 
 to destroy. 
 
 exstirpation : excldium, exstinctio : 
 V. destruction. (More freq. expr, bj 
 verb: V. preced. art.1
 
 EXTOL 
 
 EXTRAVAGANTLY 
 
 EXUBERANT 
 
 6Ztol : iniido, Uudibus lero or cffSro, 
 
 pnedlco V. TO PKAI8B. 
 
 extort : 1. extorqueo, si, turn, 2 
 (by torture, force., or importunity) : to 
 e. money front any one, (pecuniaml ab 
 aliquo ex., Cic : bt/ violence, vi ex., Clc. 
 2. <'xpriiii(>, pretsi, ssum, ? (to 
 wrijty fram . to elidt by pressure of 
 am/ kiiui) : he is said to have e. d 200 
 textertia from a young vian, dicltur 
 d'lcenta gestertia juveiil expresslsse, 
 Su«*t. Vesp. 4 • Clc. . to e. a confession 
 f\mn, any one, ex. uliciii conlessionem, 
 Liv. Ph r. . toe. numei/ from a man by 
 threatening him uith lau; litium ter- 
 rore pecunium ab aliquo abraiicre, Cic. 
 Caec 7, 19. See also to kxact. 
 
 extortion : 1, (pecuniae) rSpet- 
 nndae (lit. monies proper to be ctairned 
 Offain : in various legal phr.) ri.\o 
 first brought forward a law respecting 
 e., Piso legem priniun de pocuiiiis repe- 
 tundis tulit, Cic. Rrut, 17, 106 but in 
 other authors the tubt. is iisu. umiiteil 
 to accuse a person of e^ aliquem repet- 
 nndaruni or de repeiundis, (Cle.) pus- 
 tulare, Suet, being accused of e., repet- 
 uiidarum reus. Sail. : to be found guilty 
 of «., repelundarum damnari, lonvinoi, 
 *"""* 2, expr. by verb : to have 
 
 Suet. 
 
 been guilty of e. in many ccu^es, *niulia 
 vi [minis, metu] expres.-iisse, extorsisse . 
 V. TOF.XTOUT. 3. cuncassiu {by illegal 
 intimidation): Din. 4. rapina(i'i(/- 
 lente.); v. robiibry. 
 
 extortionate : lapax : Cic. Verr. }, 
 2, 4: V. RAPACIOUS. I'hr : a ynost e. 
 rate of interest, iniquLssimum lenus, 
 
 Cic. : V. UNFAIK, KXORlilTANT. 
 
 extortionately : luiqne, nimiis 
 exactlonibus : v. unfairly, exohui- 
 
 TANTLY. 
 
 extortioner: 1. raptor (gen. 
 term for one who appropriates nrong- 
 fully): cf. Tac. H. 2, 86: Vulg. Luc. 
 xviii. II. 2. homo rapa.x : v. kxtor- 
 TiONATE. 3, (?) vulturius (pro\ in- 
 
 ciae): Cic. in Pis. 16 fin 
 
 extra (ado.) : i. e. over and above .- 
 praetf rea : v besides. Sometimes used 
 as adj.: e. care, praecipua cura: v 
 particxflar, special. 
 
 extract (»'•) •■ |. L 1 1 ; to draw 
 out : 1, extraho, xi, ctuni, j ; to e. 
 veins (surgically), venas ex.. Sen. : v. to 
 draw out 2. e.xprinio, pres.si, ssuni, 
 J (by pressure) : to e. the juice from a 
 root, ex. succuni radici, Piin. Fig.- to 
 e, some cash from any one by soft nords, 
 blanditiis ab aliquo aliquid nuniniulorum 
 ex., Cic. Att. I, 19, 7. 3. evello, i, 
 VTilsum, J (esp. of certain surgical opera- 
 tions) to e. teeth, denies e., Cels. 7, 12, 
 I (Cic. has the subs. : v. extraction). 
 Phr.. to e. teeth, denies exclpere (nianu, 
 forcipe), Cels. 1. c. ; denies exiniere, Suel. 
 Vesp. 5 ; denies extraherr, Plin. ^2, 7, 
 6 ; Cels. ; to e, bones, ossa legere. Sen. 
 Prov. J, 2; to e. the juice if horehound, 
 marrubium exsuccare, Coel. Aur. ||. 
 To make a literary extract : excerpo, 
 psi, ptum, }: Cic: Plin. 
 
 extract (subs.) : (. TJiat which is 
 expressedfro'n sui/stanees : perh. liquor : 
 thus Slat, has As.syrius liquor, ot a 
 hind of balsam : or expr. Ijy exprinio : 
 the e. of a root, radlcis succus expressus : 
 v. preced. art. (I.) ||. Literary : ex- 
 
 ceiT)tio . Oell. Bui usu. better expr. by 
 verb: he never read wUhoul inaiing e.s, 
 nihil unquam legit quoil iion excerperet, 
 Plin. Kp. ■ e.s (i. e. a collection of them), 
 excerpta. Marc. Aur. 
 
 extraction: I, The act of draw- 
 
 ing out : evulsio (e. g. dentis) : Cic. 
 N. D. i, 21, 57. (Or expr. by verb: 
 the e. of tfie weapon leould cause his 
 immediate death, ai ferrum exlrnxi.ssei, 
 animam stallra eniissurum, cf. Nep. 
 Epain. 9.) II. Descent by blood: stirps, 
 genus : V rack, dk-scent. Phr.: of 
 Syracusan e., oriiiiidiis ab Syracusis, 
 Liv. 24, 6 also with ex and aid., Liv. 2, 
 9, t'riif. (Oriumtus strictly denotes 
 a remoter connexion by blood tlian 
 ortus.) 
 
 extrajudicial: *quo.t m extra ju- 
 dicium; extra torensium canceUorum 
 
 circ'uniscriptlonem . cf. Clc. de Or. i, 
 12, ; 2. 
 extrajudicially: extra judicium(.') 
 
 V. preced art. 
 
 extraneous* 1. extraneus (tcAicA 
 has a foieign source): cf Auct. Her. j, 
 2, 2. 2. adventicius (coming from 
 
 without): Cir. Liv Jcin. exiernus 
 el (aque) iidveiiticius, Cic. 3. ^henus 
 (unionnerted with): V. FOREIGN 
 
 extraordinarily : 1. praeter or 
 extra niodimi (exceeding the ordinary 
 degree), the iaJct having risen e. high, 
 qiium lacus praeter niodum crevlsset, 
 Cic. an e. harsh and unmusical voice, vox 
 e.xtra niodum absona, Cic. 2. prae- 
 tt-r soliium, magis solito, etc. v. un- 
 
 USLALLY. See also EXCEEDINGLY. (N.B. 
 
 Hixtra ordlnem sigulQes out of tlie re- 
 gular course or ordjer.) 
 
 extraordinary: I. out of the 
 
 regular course : \. quod extra ordi- 
 nem fit to decree a province to any 
 one in an e. (or special) manner, extra 
 or provinciam alicui decernere, Clc. : 
 commissioner e., *legatus extra or. mis- 
 sus: hence, 2. extraoidiriiirius («.</. 
 imperium, honos) : Cic. ||. In loose 
 sense, out of the common way : Iniislta- 
 tus, insolltus, miriibilis, etc. : v. un- 
 u.suAL, REMARKA LK. Phr. r an e. phe- 
 nomenon, miraculum, Plin. Kp. 6, i6, j. 
 
 extravagance: j. in gen. sense 
 
 expr. by immoilicus: Uiere uas an e. 
 alxiut both his language and his actions, 
 cum verbis turn rehus immodicus (erat). 
 Suet. lX)m. 12, fm.: e. in dress, ♦immo- 
 dicus vestilus . v. foil. art. and exces- 
 sive. Phr.: avoid e., ne quid nimis 
 (lir inqSev ayai/), Ter.. e. of joy, ef- 
 fuslo animi In laetitia, CSc. (v. excess). 
 II. i^iptcidWy , of expenditure : 1, 
 expr. hy suniptus, iis, esp. with an adj. : 
 with what e. they lived, quanlis et quam 
 profujsis sumptibus vixerinl, Cic. Clu. 
 I}, j6- tvhy do you furnish the means 
 of indulging in this e. f cur tu his rebus 
 sumptiim suggeris? Ter. Ad. i, i, J7 : 
 unbounded e., iiifinitae sumpluum pro- 
 fu.siones, Vitr. 2. prolusio : Snet, : 
 i'lin jun. (V. supr. I). 3. prodiga- 
 
 liias, prodigentia v. prodigality. 4. 
 luxuria or -es (in gratifying the apjie- 
 tites) : the present e. in building and 
 living, prolusa haec in aedi&ciis com- 
 mraiibusque I., Veil. Phr.: iiriWi all 
 tlieir(ii anion) e., they cannot run through 
 their Health, tanien sumnia libldini- di- 
 vitias suas vincere netjueunl. Sail. Cat 20. 
 
 extravagant: |. in gen. sense ; 
 ixceeding bounds : 1. inimOdicus : e. 
 and unreasonable freedirm, im. et in- 
 lempestiva libertas, Veil.: Cic: v. IM- 
 modkratk. 2. niinius v. excessive. 
 3. effiisus {pouring out without 
 restraint): e. liiense, el. licciiiia, Liv 
 who moree. in giving y quis in largltione 
 ertusior.' Cic Coel. 6, i? (where the phr. 
 IS used in good sense). 4. in>aiius. 
 v. insane, unbkasonable. II. In 
 expenditure- \, sumptuosiis (boih 
 
 in act. and pass, sense); at once nifan 
 and e., sordidus simul et s., Plin, Ep. : 
 Cic, v. expensive, sumptuous. 2. 
 prdtusus : V. lavish. 3. prSdigus 
 Join; largilor et prodigus, Cic. Cat. 4, 
 ;, 10 : [lu.\us] prodigus effususque, 
 Gell. 7, ii,?ftcd. 4. luxuriosus((/a(i- 
 Jying the appetites to excess): e. ban- 
 ijiiits, 1. convivia, Just. : v. luxurious. 
 I'lir. : to be very e., extra modum 
 suniptu el magnlBceutia prodire, Cic 
 Off. I, !9, 140. 
 
 extravagantly: I. In gen. sense; 
 iinniOclice, raagls aequo v. exces- 
 sively. II. Wiihrct. 10 expenditure: 
 1. sumpluose (cx^iensively) : esp. 
 in omipar.: to buy horses and dogs 
 Somewhat e., equos et canes paullo 
 sunipiuosius eniere, Plin. Kp. 11, 12: 
 •-'ic 2. profuse (lavishly) : Sail. . 
 
 Mv. 3. etl{i>e (sIm. to preced.): 
 
 .Iiiin: large effuseque [donare], Cic. 
 Rose A. 8, txtr. 4, prodlge : v. pro- 
 digally. 5. nlniis: V. EXCF.SSrVELY. 
 
 6. Insane (cf. Hor. " non ego .lanitis 
 bacchabor Kdonls," Od. 2, 9, 26): v. 
 
 MADLY. 
 
 extravasated (part, cu^j.): Phr.: 
 «. bUxni, *!>angui8 (cruor) extra venas 
 efliLsus. 
 
 extreme (adj.): |, Lit. /or- 
 thesl, outermost: 1. e.v.iremus, ex- 
 Hmus : the e. town of the Allottroges, 
 extremum oppidum Allubroguni, Caes.: 
 Cic. 2. ulti";us (esp. poet.) Hor.: 
 V. last. Phr., Uie e. end of the line, 
 novi»,»lnium agnien. Caes. ||. Fig.: 
 exceeding ordinary limits: i. gnm- 
 mus: e. old-ape, s. scnecius, Clc: e. 
 justice (is) e. injustice (prov.), s. jus s. 
 injuria, Cic: e. danger, s, pt-rlculum, 
 Cic 2. uliTmus (str./iiger than pre- 
 ced., as if at the very end of the scale) : 
 e. danger, u. dlscrimen. Liv.: these seem 
 to me to be the very e. of evils, haec mihi 
 vldeniur ultima esse in malis, Brut. In 
 Cic. : e. (capital) punishment, u. sup- 
 pliclum, Caes. Liv. 3. extrtmus: 
 e. hunger, ex. fames, Caes, (appy. not so 
 in Clc)- that e. measure, lllud ex. alque 
 ulllmum S. C, Caes. B. C. i, 5. 4_ 
 ingens, nils (in looser sense, unusually 
 great) : v. isimensb. 
 
 extreme (subs.) .- expr by summus, 
 extremus, ultimus: the e. of contumely, 
 extrema contumclia, Brut. In Cic: vhat 
 was the e. of freeiiom, quid ultimum in 
 libertate esset, Tac : to have recourse to 
 e.s, descendere ad extrema. Cic; v. pre- 
 ced. art. Phr.: (the rule) to avoid ej, 
 ut ne quid nimis, Ter. And. i, i, 14. 
 they run to the other e., in contraria cur- 
 runt, Hor. S. I, 2, 24. 
 
 extremely : 1. summg (m the 
 
 highest degi et) : e. gratifying, s. jucund- 
 us, Cic : to desire e., s. concupiscere, 
 Cic; s. cupere, Caes. 2. maximo 
 opere (inaxiinOpgre) : v. exceedingly. 
 
 3. expr. by superl. of adj. : an e. 
 clever man, homo ingeniosissimus, etc. : 
 where see the adj. 
 
 extremity : I. The extreme part 
 of anything: 1. expr. by extremus: 
 the e.s of the fingers, extreml digiti, 
 Cic: V. END (111.). 2. extreniitas: 
 cold of the e.s, Irigus extremliatum. 
 Plin.: cf. Cic. Kin. 2, ^i, 102. 3. 
 cacQmen (extreme point) : v. point. 
 
 II, Kig. : an extreme ease: Phr.: 
 to 'tndergo ecerij e. if suffering, ex- 
 trema pall, Tac H. 4, 59, extr.: ne are 
 reduced to e.s, ad extrema pervenlum 
 est, Curt. 4. 14, ad fin. : to be reduced to 
 e.s, in sunmias angustias adductum 
 esse, Cic. Quint. 5, 19: see also kxtreue 
 (subs.). 
 
 extricate : 1. expedio, 4 {to get 
 
 out of difficulties) : to e. oneself from a 
 noose (fig.), ex laqueo se ex., Cic Verr. 
 2, 2, 42, 102 : also with abl. alone, Hor. 
 Od. I, 27, 24: or absol., Nep. Kum. ;. 
 
 2. soho. exsoho. ?: v. to release. 
 
 3. cxtraho. xl, cium, } (in any way 
 to draw out, out of the reach of ): to e. 
 the city from the yr< atest peril, urbem 
 ex periculis maxiinis ex., Cic Sext. 4, 
 II, Nep. 4. libero, i . v. to libe- 
 rate, FREE from. 5. extrico, i 
 (rare). Hor. Od. j. ?. ji. Phr.. lor. 
 onesell' from any thing (fig.), emerg. re 
 (to rise from out of): foil, by ex, ab. 
 and abl.: ("ic: v. to emerge. 
 
 extrinsic: exiriineus: v. external 
 extrude: exirudo, expello. v. 10 
 
 THRf.NTnUr, 1 XPEL. 
 
 exuberance : 1. luxiiria, luxfirie^ 
 
 el (esp. of that which j^nnis luxuriant- 
 ly): e. of foliage, 1. foliorum. V, ij. 
 K I g. of st.yle, Cic. de Or. 2,2?, 96. 2. 
 redundantia youthful e. of style. Ju- 
 venilis r„ Cic. Or. ;o, 108. 3. ubertaa 
 (In good sense, whether I'.t. ortig); v. 
 
 FRUITFULNESS, COPIOUSXESS. (N B. Not 
 
 exQlitSrantia, which ixxiirs in Gcll. in 
 different sense: cf NocU Alt. 2, 26.) 
 Phr. Uiere ought tn lie some e. of style, 
 efflorescat et ndundet oportet oratlO) 
 Olc de Or. i, 6, 20; cf. ib. 2, 21, 88. 
 Phr.: e. of joy, effusa laetitla, Liv. 
 exuberant: I. Growing rankly: 
 1. luxuriosus: e. crops <}f grain, L 
 frunnnta, Cic: CoL 2. lactus : «, 
 crops, 1. segetes, Cic. : Virg. ; v. FRrrr- 
 
 FUL, ABUNDANT. ||. Kig. of Style, 
 
 etc: 1. rSdundans, ntis(cairacteristU» 
 279
 
 EXUBERANTLY 
 
 FABLE 
 
 PACE 
 
 of the Asiatic school of oratory; opp. to 
 pressus): Cic Br. ij, 51; cf. preced. 
 art. 2. effiisus (unrestrained, over- 
 fl/noing ; as of emotions) : Liv. (v. pre- 
 ced. art. fin.). P h r. : to be e. (of style) : 
 redundafe, efflorescere, Cic. 
 
 exuberantly : ubertim (the comp. 
 uberiui* Is more freq.).- v. FRurrFUiXT, 
 
 ABDNDANTLY. 
 
 exadation: 1. gutta (in tt«/orm 
 
 of a drop) : to drip with oozing e.s (of a 
 cave), g. manantibus stillare, Lucr. 6, 
 944: V. DROP. 2. glutlnura or gluten, 
 inis, n. (of a sticky nature) : Virg. G. 
 
 4, 160. 3. lacryma (esp. from trees 
 or plants) : the e.s of trees which yield 
 gluten, 1. arborum quae gluten pariunt, 
 Plin. II, 6, 5: Virg. 1. c. (supr.). 4. 
 sudiT (prop, the sieeat of ayiimah ; also 
 an e. of any kind) : the e. of a stone 
 hardened, s. lapidis coagulatus, Plin. : 
 of amber, id. j^, 2, ii. 5. expr. by 
 siido, mano, emano : v. foil. art. 
 
 exude : 1. sudo, i : to e. (with) 
 moisture, s. bumore, Lucr. : oflener with 
 arc. ; to e. honey (of trees), mella .s., 
 Virg. : Just. 2. e.\sudo (exudo), i : 
 the injurious moisture e.s, ex. inulilis 
 humor, Virg.: also with ace. Col. 3. 
 mano, i (to flow in a slow trickling 
 manner) : warm drops e. from the tree, 
 tepidae m. ex arbore guttae, Ov. : Virg. : 
 
 V. TO FLOW, TRICKLE. 4. eUlftor, ! 
 
 (used of Quid fwcing its way out), Virg. 
 G. 2, 244. 
 exulcerate; exuk-ero, i (lit. and 
 
 6g.) : V. T(» AGGRAVATE (I. 5). 
 
 exulceration : exuiceratio (lit. and 
 fig.) : Plin. : Sen. 
 
 exult : 1. gestio, 4 (to express joy 
 in gestures): to e. with joy, laetitiag., 
 Cic. : LIv. : v. to rejoice. 2. e-^- 
 sulto, I (lit. to bound with joy) : to e. 
 M-Uh joy, laetitia ex., Cic. : Liv. : also 
 foIL by in and abl., when it signifies to 
 be overbearing (v. rampant, to be). 
 Also foil, by a clause : the Greeks e. over 
 having foreign' rs as judges, Graeci ex. 
 quod peregrinis judicibus utuntur, Cic. 
 Att. 6, I, 12. 3. insulto, i (to e. over 
 any one ; usu. with ilat. of person : also 
 with abl. of cause) : to e. over any one 
 in his calamity, in. alicui in calami late, 
 Cic. : Virg. : Ov. : to e. over any 07ie's 
 death, morti alicujus in., Prop. : Stat. ; 
 less freq. the object over ivhich, is expr 
 by in and ace. : to e. over any one's 
 miseries, in alictyus miserias in., Auct. 
 Her. 4, jg, 51 : v. to insult. 4. 
 gaudeo, laetor, glorior: v. to rejoice, 
 boast. 
 
 exultant: 1. laetabundus, Gell. 
 
 2. laetus : Join: laetus atque 
 
 gestiens, Plin. 8, 17, 21. 3. efiferens 
 
 sese : with abl. (scelere atque superbia), 
 
 SuU. Jug. 14, med. 
 
 exultation : 1. exsultatio : Sen. : 
 Tac. 2. gestiens laetitia : Cic. : v, 
 
 JOT. 
 
 exultinglr: expr. by adj. (L. G. 
 
 } }.^}) : V. EXCLTA^T. 
 
 eye (subs.) .- 1. Sculus (dimin. 
 Ocellus, used by way of endearment : 
 PI. : Cat ) : in most senses and applica- 
 tions of the Eng. : blue e.s, caerulei o., 
 Tac.: jet black e.s, iiigri o., Hor. ■: gray 
 (gleaming) e.s, caesii o., Cic. : beautiful 
 e.s, venusti o., Cic. : prominent e.s, o. 
 prominentes. Cic : hideous (ghastly) e.s, 
 foedi o.. Sail. : to open tlie e.s, oculos 
 aperire, Cic. ; viide, o. diducere. Quint. : 
 to shut the e.s, o. operire, premere (v. 
 TC close) : to becomc blind with one «., 
 •Itero o. capi, IJv. 22, 2. extr. : to cast 
 the e.s upor any one, o. conjicere in ali- 
 quem, Cic: to tarn an ay the e.s from 
 uny thing, o. ab aliqiia re dejicere, Cic. 
 Fig.: e.s in pearocks' tails, oculi caudae 
 pavonuin, I'lin. i !, i;, }o : to see any 
 thing xith the e.s of Vie mind, mentis 
 oculis allquid videre, Cic. Or. 29, loi. 
 2. lumen, inis, n. (in prose only 
 pi.) : (Oe7H<jcritus) having Uist the use 
 of his e.s, luniinibus amissis, Cic. Tusc. 
 
 5, jg, 114- rotilyed of his (single) e., cni 
 U adi'mptum, Virg. Ov. (Simly lux is 
 sometimes used, but riuch less freq. : 
 effotsae vestigia lucis (_uf Oedipus], Stat. 
 
 xto 
 
 Theb. II, 585 : Ov.) 3. 5cies, 5i (lit. 
 a sharp edge: hence the e.s as seeing dis 
 tant or minute objects) : such subtlety 
 as to elude the e., tanta tenuitas ut aciem 
 fugiat, Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50: hither now 
 turn thy two e,s, hue geminas nunc flecte 
 acies, Virg. : Ov. Very often fig. of the 
 mind : if the e. (of the mind) is so kept 
 as not to be blinded by error, si ejus a. 
 ita curata est ut ne erroribus caecetur, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, I J, jg. 4, (when e.s = 
 sight) conspectus, iis : before the very e.s 
 of our army, in c. exercitus nostri, Caes. 
 iJ. C>. 1, II : as far as the e.s could reiwh, 
 quo longissime coiispectum oculi fere- 
 tiant, Liv. i, 18: v. sight, presence. 
 I'h r. : blind of one e., luscus, Liv. (v. 
 one-eied) : having a cast in the e., 
 sirabo, paetus (v. SQunrriNG, cast, subs. 
 V.) : iiaving sore or bleared e.s, lippus, 
 Hor. : vrith their e.s bathed in tears, 
 laciimis obortis, Virg. Aen. 11, 41 (else- 
 where, lacrymis oculos suffusa, of Venus, 
 Aen. I, 228) : to make the e.s water, 
 delacrymationem facere, Plin.; nater- 
 ing of the eyes (as a malady), de- 
 lacrymationes, Plin.: smoke that makes 
 the e.s water, lacrymosus fumus, Hor. S. 
 I, ;, 80 : to do any thing with one's e s 
 open (fig.), aliquid scientem, prudentem 
 facere (v. knowingly). 
 
 eye ('"■) • '' '' >". : to e. any one askance, 
 limis oculis (aliquem) uspicere, PI. : 
 Ter. : transversa tueri, Virg.: v. To 
 look at. 
 
 eye-ball; pQpuIa: Cic: v. prpn,. 
 
 eye-bright: *euphra.<ia: Withering. 
 
 eye-brow : silpercilium : one e. ele- 
 vated to the forehead, the other sunk to 
 his chin, altero ad frontem sublato, al- 
 tero ad mentum depresso s., Cic. in Pis. 
 6, extr. : to amlract the e.s (frown), 
 supercilia conlraliere. Quint. 
 
 eye-glass ; perspicillnm (" vitrum 
 adjuvandis oculis "): Forcell. Gloss. 
 
 eye-lash : palpebrarum pili : cf. Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 57, 14;. 
 
 eyelet-hole: fCramen (any hole 
 bored tlirough) : v. aperture. 
 
 eyelid : palpebra (sing, extremely 
 rare): Cic. To move the e.s, palpebrare, 
 Coel. Aiir 
 
 eye-salve : collyrium : Hor. 
 
 eye-service: perh. obseqnium: V. 
 COMPLAISANCE. Phr. : 7iot ivith e., *non 
 ad oculuni servientes, Vulg. Kph. vi. 6 
 (,Gr. 6(i>0aAno5ouAeia, obsequium ad 
 oculns exhibitum, W'ahl.). 
 
 eye-sight : acies, ei : unimpaired e., 
 incolumis a., Cic. Fin. ;, 28, 84. Phr.: 
 to lose one's e., oculos perdere, Auct. 
 Her. ; luniina amittere, Cic. : v. eyt; 
 (II.). Phr.: the loss of e., lux ad- 
 empta, Ov. 
 
 eye-sore (sitbs.) : *rea odiosa, invlsa 
 aspectu : V hateful. 
 
 eye-tooth : dens caninus : Plln. 
 
 eye-water : * liquor ophthalmicus 
 (K. and A.). 
 
 eye-witness : arbiter, tri, TO. : places 
 vhere there are no e.s (of uhat yon do), 
 loca ab arbitris libera, Cic. Att. i;, 16: 
 PI. (Oculatus testis in PI. True 2, 6, 
 8, opp. to auritus is said facetO.) Phr.: 
 all the circumstances of whii.h I vas 
 an e., omnia quibus interfueram, Plin. 
 Ep. 6, 16, 22. 
 
 R 
 
 FABLE (sMf'S.) ■• I, Any fictitious 
 story : 1. tabula (esp. with an at- 
 tributive) : poetic f.s, f. poeticae, Liv. : 
 imaginary f.s, fictae f., Cic. : would iiou 
 have me believe f.s ? iium me cogis fabu- 
 lis credere? Clc Div. 2. 55, 11;. 2, 
 expr. by fictus, conimenticius; v. fic- 
 tion. \\. Anapfdogue : 1. fabula: 
 Pbaedr. : Hor. Dimin. fabella, a short, 
 little f, Pbaedr. (who uses ttie two 
 words interchangeabl.v). 2. apSIogus 
 (a story with an additional meatiing to 
 iti a spe/;ies comprehended under the 
 genus tabula) : to tell any one a f. 
 (parable), agere alicui a., PI.: cf. Cic. 
 Inv. I, 17, 25: Gell. Cwho .so calls the 
 
 f.s of Esop : Noct. Att. 2, 29). g. 
 narratJo ficta, commenticia (a fxti- 
 tious story, of whatever kind) : v. sttort. 
 
 fable O'-)' 1. comminiscor, men- 
 tus, J: Epicurus f .dan idle race of gods, 
 Kpicurus deos nihil agentes commentus 
 est, Cic. : V. TO invent, fabricate. 
 Join: confingere et comminisci, Auct. 
 Her. 2. expr. by fabula : not with- 
 out reason has it beeti f.d that Orestes 
 . . ., non >ine causa fictis f. homines 
 memoriae prodiderunt, Oresiem, etc., 
 Cic. Mil. J, 8 : it is further f.d that . . ., 
 additur fabulae quod, eic, Liv. i, 11: as 
 it is f.d, ut est in labulis (R. and A.) : 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 fabled (part, adj.): cyomroenticius : 
 
 V. FICTITIOUS, IMAGINARY'. 
 
 fabric : I. An edifice : aedificium ; 
 a huge /., moles, is, /.: v. huilding, 
 PILE. II, Woven or other stuff: \, 
 textum, textile (imven; usu. pi.): v 
 CLOni. 2. textiira (like preced.): the 
 f. of the f'oan loom, Coae f. Minervae, 
 Prop. 3. fabrica (nork of a carpers- 
 ter oT smith ;he\Kt by analogy, of other 
 striictures) : Cic: v. frame. |||, 
 
 Mode of construction : (?) textiira ; v. 
 
 WEAVING. 
 
 fabrication : I.Li t., the making 
 of something : fabricatio : Cic. : v. for- 
 mation. II. Fig., a fictitious state- 
 ment : 1, mendaciuni : v. lie, false- 
 hood. 2, commentuni (something 
 ingeniously put toijether) : Cic. : Liv. : 
 V. fiction. 3. fabula (a mere story) : 
 he is beginning a f., labulam inceptat, 
 Ter. Andr. 5, 4, 22: v. fable (I.1 
 Phr.: the audaclorisfs of Greece, quid- 
 quid Graeciamendax audet [in historia], 
 Juv. 
 
 fabulist : 1. fabularum s. apo- 
 logornin scriptor : v. fable (II.). 2. 
 fiibillator (a story-teller, of any kind: 
 Sen. : Suet.) : Gell., who applies the 
 term to Esop, Noct. Att. 2, 29, init. 
 
 fabulous: 1, fictus: v. ficti- 
 tious. 2. conimenticius: to give cre- 
 dibility to f. stories, fideni c. rebus ad- 
 Jungere, Cic. Div 2, 55. ii}. 3. fabii- 
 losus (abounding in fables and legends: 
 Hor.) : the f poems of the Greeks, f. 
 Graecorum carmina, Curt. Also of what 
 is false, though current : I believe it to 
 bef. (what is said) about owls, fabulo- 
 sum arbitror de strlgibus, Plin. 11, jg, 
 9; : to regard any thing as f. or fictiti- 
 ous, aliquid f. aut commenticium putare. 
 Suet. Caes. 81. 4. tabularis, e (e. g. 
 historia: rare): Suet. 5. lalsus : v 
 false. 
 
 fabulously : 1, fabaiosg (not in 
 
 early writers) : Plin. : Amni. 2, 
 
 ficte • v. fictitiously, falsely. 
 
 face (subs.) : I. L ' t., of a human 
 being: \, facies, ei, /. Tstrictly. the 
 entire form, bat specially, the human 
 countenance) : only man / ossesses a f„ 
 f. honiini tantum, Plin. : to know a per- 
 son by tlief. (" 61/ sight "), aliquem de f. 
 nosse, Cic in Pis. J2, extr. : v. figure, 
 appearance. 2. OS, oris, n. (o/' man 
 or 6eas<; strictly, the mouth and parts 
 about it) : esp. pi., Deiphobus with his 
 f. brutally mangled, Deiphobus lacer 
 crudeliter ora. Virg. Esp. in sense of 
 presence : before the very f. and eyes of 
 any one, in ore atque oculis alicujus, 
 Cic. : to praise any one to his /., laudare 
 aliquem coram in os, Ter Ad. 2, 4, 5. 
 3. vultus, lis (with ref. to tlie ex- 
 pression.): v. countenance, peatukes. 
 Phr. : face to face, coram : as adv., or 
 with abl. : as soon as I tvasf. tof. (with 
 you), ut veni c, Hor. : as if T ivere 
 talking with you f. tof., quasi tecum c. 
 loquerer, Cic. : /. to f. with a robber, 
 c. lalrone, Juv. (Coram sometimes 
 stands after its case, ipso Germanico 
 coram, Tac. : v. prf.sence of, m.) To set 
 the f. against, repugno, adverser, i: 
 the consuls neither agreed to it nor yet 
 decidedly set their f.s against it, consulea 
 neqne concedebant neque valde repug- 
 nabaiit, Cic. : when nature sets her f, 
 against it, adversanle et repugnante n»- 
 tura, Cic. : V. to oppose. ||. By meton., 
 sight, presence: conspectus, 5ciili: v.
 
 FACE 
 
 F AC ULTY 
 
 F A 1 1- 
 
 III. Atpecti 
 
 EYE (IV.). PRESENCE. 
 
 species : v. appearance. 
 
 face («.) : I To axn/rmit: 1. 
 obvlam eo, ivi and li, itum, 4 (10 ifUA- 
 stavd; with dot.): Iheij J.d the arro- 
 gance of the nobility, ubv. itum est 
 tuperbiae nobilitatis, Sail.: to f. dan- 
 (;f,r«, obv. ire periculls, SalL: Cic. : Liv. 
 2. oppoiio, posui, posltum, } (to 
 puioaainXiinthe uay oj : willi reJkU. 
 pron. and dot.): to f. death, oppunt-re se 
 morti, Cic. : to f. dangen mi (.thai/ 0/ 
 the commomvealth, opp. se periculis pro 
 republico, Cio. 3. oflero, ubtuli. ob- 
 laium, } (like pren-d. : with rejl. pron. 
 and dat., or ace. with ad) : as soon as 
 I came to Home. I at once f.d the wii:k- 
 edness and madness 0/ Anton;/, ut Ko- 
 mam veiii, sUitini nie obtuli Aiitonii 
 sceleri ittiue dementiae, Cic. : toj. death 
 for one's country, se pro patria offerre 
 ad iiiortcra, Cic. 4. 6bi;o, ivi and ii, 
 itum, 4 (with ace.): to f. hardships, 
 labores ob., Cic. : Liv.: v. to undergo. 
 ||. To loolc lowaids : aspecto, i: v. 
 
 TO COMMAND (111.) ; U)OK TOWARDS. 
 
 Ill, Milit. term : to tiheel round : 
 1. signa converto. ti, sum, j : the 
 Jlomans f.d about and attacked them in 
 tim divisions, Komani conversa signa 
 bipartito intulerunt, Cues. B. G. i, 2;: 
 I'iv. 2. agmen converto : he f.d about 
 and led off his army in safety, converse 
 agniine, exercitum incolumem redu.xit, 
 Front. I, I, II. 
 
 facet: of a prerions stone: parva 
 gupi'rticies angularis (?). 
 
 facetious : facetus : Cic. : v. hd- 
 MORous, wrrTV. 
 
 facetiously: facets : Cic 
 
 facetiousness : facetiae, arum : 
 making one Uiugk more by his face than 
 his /., facie niagis quam facctiis ridi- 
 culus, Cic. Att I. IJ, 2 : to excel in ii-it 
 and Jf., sale f.que superare, Cic. : v. 
 
 HDMOUR, WIT. 
 
 facial: ad faciem pertinens: *faci- 
 ■ilis, e: M. U (P.): thef. vmscles, mus- 
 culi faciales (I'.). 
 
 facilitate : faciUus reddo : v. TO 
 
 RENDER KASV: to f. apnsun's knoir- 
 l&dge of a thing, "faciliorem r. alicui 
 cogiiitionem rei, Cic. Phr. : to f. my 
 laJbour in smne degree, ut aliqua pars 
 laboris minuatur inihi, Ter. Heaul. prol. 
 42 : that count v;ill greatly f. convic- 
 tion, is locus magno ad persuadendum 
 momento fulurus est, Cic. liiv. 2, 26, 
 
 T7 : V. TO ASSIST, HELP. 
 
 facility: I. I" act. sense, dex- 
 terity, madiness: facUitas : /. of speech, 
 f. sermonis, oris, Quint. 2, Of tem- 
 per : to abitse mie's /., i. e. easy temper, 
 f. allcujus abuii, Cic: v. good nature. 
 II. In pass, sense : the ptssibility 
 of a thing being done : 1, facullas 
 (in this sense, only sing.) : lit us see 
 ivhatfs Ihjire n ere for undertaking the 
 crime, videaraus ecqua f. suscipiendi 
 maleficii fuerit, Cic. R. Am. JJ, 92: 
 sometimes f.s are presented to an unjiift 
 judge of seeming to hare folUnved the 
 evidence, nonnuiiquam improlio judici 
 f. datur, ut videatur testimonium si- 
 cutus esse, Cic. Caec. 2;. 71 : v. oppok- 
 TUNITT. 2. c6pia (also only sing ) : 
 that circumstame gave me f.s for judg- 
 ing, ea res dedit e.xistiniandi c, Ter. 
 Heaut. 2, ?, 41 : v. oppoktunity. 3. 
 perhaps f^ilitas: /. uf caiTying on 
 intrigues, f. adulteriorum, Tac. Ann. 11, 
 26 : though some here read adulterorum. 
 Phr.: with f., ITicllC, commode, etc.: 
 
 V. EASE, KA.SII.Y. 
 
 facing ( /'"'?•) : adversus : ante, pro, 
 e rejrlone (with gen.) : v. before, op- 
 posite to. 
 
 facsimile: .f- "f <» document, de- 
 scriptio imafioque tabularum, Cic. Verr. 
 i. n. 19°- I'hr. to take an exact f. 
 ojf a diKumenl, literas liturasque omnes 
 a8simulata.s, expressas, de labulis in 
 libros transfeiTe, Cic. 1. c. } 189: tabuUs 
 Eumma cura et diligentia exscribere, de- 
 Bcribere, ib. 
 
 fact : I. Actual circumstance, 
 
 reality ^q. v.) ; res, r6i, /. : loe ought to 
 centider the /., not mere vords, rem 
 
 spectari non verba oportet, Cic. : M us 
 ascertain, not merely all f.s. but even 
 rumourt, non modo res omnes, sed 
 etiam rumores cognoscamus, Cic. : they 
 say that these are gods not in f. but in 
 mere opinion, bos decs non re sed 
 opinione esse dicunt, Cic. ||, Deed, 
 transaction : factum : to pass from 
 fabUs to f.s, ut a fahulis ad facta viiil- 
 amus, Cic. : a questitm off., coritroversia 
 facti, Cic. Phr. : such being the f.s of 
 tlie case, quae cum ita slot, Cic. ; Caes. 
 
 fact, in. = indeed : 1. quidem (en- 
 clitic): in these parts the dogstar rises 
 after the solstice, and that in f. by 
 several days, in his locis post solstitium 
 Canicula oritur, et quidem aliquot die- 
 bus, Cic. : V. indeed. 2. 6'iim (see 
 L. G. ^ 654 : never the first word in a 
 sentence) : he did in f. begin to deftmd 
 himself by force, lUe enini se manu de- 
 fendere coepit, Caes. B. G. 5, 7 : there- 
 upon he declares that vas not in f. to be 
 endured, turn id enim ferendum esse 
 negat, Liv. 22, 25. 3. cuimvero 
 
 (more emphatic than etiim) : in f. 
 Chremes is a great deal too cruel to the 
 lad, enimvero Chremes nimi? graviter 
 crucial adolescentem, Ter Heaut, 5. 
 5, I. 4. etenira (and in faci) : you say 
 veil indeed, and in f, I see now what is 
 the drift of your remarks, praeclare 
 quidem dicis, etenim video j;»m quo 
 pergat oratio, Cic. Rep. }, J2. 6» r^ 
 ipsa, reapse: v. reality (in). 
 
 faction: I. I'arty: 1, factio. 
 onis,/. : in Oaul there are fs in every 
 state. In Gallia In omnibus civitalibus 
 f. sunt, Caes. : to vindicate the liberties 
 of the Roman people which were be ng 
 oppressed by the f. of a few, V. R. pau- 
 curum factione oppressuni in libertatem 
 vindicare, Caes. : this, vhich existing 
 between good men is friendship, between 
 the bad is f., haec inter bonos amicitia 
 inter malbs f. est. Sail. 2. P'TS, 
 
 partes, /. : v. party. ||, Factiozis- 
 ness: studium, factio: v. factious- 
 ness, PAETY-Sl'IRIT. 
 
 factious: 1. factiosus: wicked 
 andf. men, who had harassed the com- 
 monwealth with their seditions, homim-s 
 scelesti, f., qui seditionibnsrempublicam 
 agitaverant. Sail. 2. seditiosus : v. 
 seditious. 3. turbiilentus: v. tur- 
 bulent. Join: seditiosus civis et 
 turbulentus, Cic. 
 
 factiously : 1. sedltlose : when 
 Africanus I'us f. asked what he thought 
 of the death of T. Gracchus, Afi. quum 
 3. inierrogaretur quid de morte T. 
 Gracchi sentiret, Cic: to stir up f., s. 
 concitare, Cic. 2. per factionem, per 
 spditionem : violently andf, per vim et 
 factionem, Cic Att. •], 9, med. 
 
 factiousness : 1. factio. onis,/. : 
 he vied not with the wealthy in wealth 
 nor with the factious in /., non diviiiis 
 cum divite, neque f. cum factioso cer- 
 tabat. Sail.: or expr. by plur. : v. 
 L. G. 591. 2. studinm (partium) : 
 the less of passion andf. there was about 
 his spech, the more weight it hcul, quo 
 minus cupidlUitls ac stuilii visa est 
 oratio liab»?re, eo plus auctoritatis ha- 
 bnit, Liv. : v. PARTV-SPlitlT. 
 
 factitious : 1. factitius (-Icius) : 
 thi water washes out the f. dye, diluit 
 aqua f. colorem, Plin. ?i. 7. 42. 2. 
 
 fictus, simiilatus, filcatus : v. false, 
 UK HEAL, pretended. Join: fucatus 
 et simulatus, opp. to slncerus et verus: 
 Cic. Am. 25, 95. 
 
 factor: I. Manager, agent : 1. 
 protiirator (used more extensively than 
 the English word) ; to do business 
 through factors, or agents, piT procura- 
 tores agl're. Cic. Att. 4. ib, /in. 2. 
 nOgotiorum (rerum) ci'irator, Cic. : v. 
 AGENT. II. In arithmetic : •numerus 
 divic'ons (?). 
 
 factory : I. -■* p?"*"^ "/ f>u.Hness : 
 
 emporium et rCceptaculum merclbus, 
 Liv. : V. ENTREI-OT. II, Manufactory : 
 off icina : v. workshop. 
 
 faculty: I rower to act : 1. 
 faculuis : the f. of sp-'aking, f. dicendi, 
 Cic. : virtues which haiv their seat in a 
 
 certain f. of the soul, virtute* quae in 
 iugenii quadam facultate sunt, Ci& 
 
 2. vlg, vim, vi, f. (special force or 
 virtue) : the special f. of the orator, 
 oratoris vis propria, Cic. : v. function, 
 
 II. In pi., tlie fs of the mind: 
 vires ingenii, or simply ingcnlum, mens : 
 v. mind. III. University (. t. : •ordo, 
 Inis, m. : (Kr.): thef. "} physicians, 
 •ordo medicorum, medlclnae profcs- 
 sorum. (Facultas is without aiiaJogy in 
 class. Lat) 
 
 fade: 1. marcesco, j (to droop): 
 things which bloom most chaiitiingly f. 
 most quickly, quae speciati-;-ime fiureut 
 celemme marcescunt, Plln. l I g. •. 
 strength fading; with old age, marces- 
 centes senlo vires. F'lin.: v. to droop, 
 wither. 2. defloresco, ul, j (strictly 
 to shed the Jiower) : when the flower of 
 the bean has faded, ubi dcfloruit (aba, 
 Plin. Fig.: tite mind flourishes and 
 f.s with the body, cum corporibus vigent 
 et d. animi, Liv. 6, 2}. 3. palleo, 
 
 pallesco, ui (to lose coUiur : yixsl.) : the 
 leaves /., pallescunt Irondes. Ov. A. A. 
 }, 7C4 : day f.s, pallet <lles, Lucan : lest 
 the diseased crops f. from the badness 
 of Ote weather, ne vliio coell palleat 
 aenra seges, Ov. F. I, 688. Phr.: the 
 colour of a thing fs, excidit (perlt) color 
 (alicui rei), cf. Ov. Met. 2, 601 : how 
 soon f. earth's purple hufs. quam cito 
 purpureos deperdit terra colorcs, Tib. I, 
 
 4.29- 
 
 faded (as adj.) -. 1. marcens, mar- 
 ddus (strictly, drooping, withered; ol 
 flowers, etc.): Ov. : Claud. 2. de- 
 color, oris (of that which has lost its 
 praper hue or brilliancy): v. dis- 
 coloured. 3. palleiis, ntis : /. violets, 
 p. violae, Virg. : af. ti,ga. p. toga, MarU 
 4. expr. by verb : as, cui (rei) periit, 
 excidit color, etc. : v. to fade (/in.}. 
 
 fadeless : semper florens, vlrena : 
 Lucr.: Cic. : v. unfading. 
 
 fading {adj.) -. i. e. transient : L 
 cadticus (apt to fall and pass away) : 
 human aflairs are frail ami /., res 
 humanae Iraglles cque sunt, Cic. 2. 
 fluxus (Jleetiny): tlw pride of xceaitK 
 and beauty is/., divitiarum fomiaeque 
 gloria fluxa est, Sail. 3. fi^igilis, e : 
 
 V. frail, PERISHAIILE. 
 
 fag : i. e. to work hard (in somewhat 
 humorous sense) : cliiboro, sQdo, desiido, 
 exsudo, I : sweating ami fagging, de- 
 sudans atque elaborans, Cic. Sen. II, 
 j8 : you uill have to f. hard enough, if 
 you begin with that fellow, sudabis satis, 
 si cum illo inceptas homine, Ter. Ph. 4, 
 J, 2} : while I'edius is sweating atid 
 f.ing at his briefs, dum P. causas ex- 
 sudat, Hor. S. l, \o, 28. Phr.: tho- 
 roughly f.d out, laboribus plane defati- 
 gatus, confectus, Caes. : Cic : v. ex- 
 hausted. 
 
 fagot: 1. fasclna: carry off the 
 cuttings from the viiKS aiui nuxke a f. 
 of them, sarmenia dt-gere, et f. face, 
 Cato. 2. (more usually) fascis, is, m., 
 with some (h fining word ; f. lignorum, 
 Tac. ; virgulioium, llirt. 3. «*>■- 
 menta, orum (cuttings of trees, whether 
 in bundles or 7wt) : / will presently 
 order the flre and f.s to be put routtd 
 you, Jamjubebo Ignem et s. circtun- 
 dari, PI. 
 
 fail: A. Intrans.: |. 7b 6i 
 or become wanting: L dgflcio, Ifd, 
 fectum. } : com could not /., non fru- 
 inenium d. poterat, Caes. : / should fear 
 lest my voice and strength should /., 
 vererer ne vox viresque delicerent, Cic: 
 memory /".s, menioria d., Cic. 2. dft- 
 fio, factiis, nSri (infrequent): let food 
 neither f. nor be in ticesf, neque opso- 
 nium defiat, neque supersit, PI. I|. 
 To fail in or of; i. e. to veglecl (q. v.): 
 desum, fui, esse (with dot.) : / nill not 
 f. of my duty, mm deero officio, Cic 
 
 PhV. : to f. in one's duty, in officio labi, 
 Cic. ; delinquere aliquld, delictum in se 
 admittere, Cic: Ter. |||. To be un- 
 success/id : 1. rfUlo, cScidi. cistim. Jt 
 to/, m a lawsuit. causS c. (^ic. rarelest 
 whether his play f. or succeed, secumfl 
 cadat an stet fabula, Hor. Ep. 1, l, 1761 
 28l
 
 FAIL, WITHOUT 
 
 FAIR 
 
 FAITHLESSLY 
 
 also with ad irritum : the hope (of Tar- 
 qainitis) f.tvg, ad irr. cadens spe's, Liv. 
 I, 6, init. 2. concido, idi, j : bad 
 causes he al'ia>is gained, in the best nf 
 all he/.'d, tnalas causas semper obtinuit, 
 in optima concidit, Cic. Att. 7, 2;. 3. 
 cedo, cessi, cessum, j {impeis. ; with 
 some ado. such as male, secus, etc.) : if 
 aught hadf.'d, i. e., gone ill with him. si 
 male cesserat, Hor. : Suet. 4. olTeiido, 
 di, sum, ; (esp. to /. in court, be non- 
 suited) : apud judices 0., Cic. Clu 2 j, 6; : 
 many brave men hare often f.'d in the 
 uncertain hazard of var, multi fortes 
 in incerto periculo belli saepe offen- 
 derunt, Cic. Verr. 5, 50, i?i. 5. expr. 
 by irritus (of what is fruitless, abor- 
 tive) : the hope (haii)f.'d, spes ad (,al. in) 
 irritum redacta, Liv. 28. Ji, inil.: cf. 
 supr. (1). Lat^r authurs have irritus 
 with gen. : having f.'d in his mis.iion, 
 irritus legaliouis, Tac. H. 4, j2, extr. 
 
 IV. I'o become insolvent : ratiimes 
 conturt)are, furo cedere : v. bankbupt. 
 
 B. Trans.: to desert, disappoint 
 (q. v.): 1, deficio (with ace. and 
 sometimes dat. ; very rarely with per- 
 sonal subject) : time, voice, lungs, f. me, 
 me dies, vok, latera d., Cic. ; not only 
 strength but also weapons f.'d our men, 
 non solum vires sed etiam tela nostris 
 deficiebant, Caes. 2. defio (infre- 
 
 quent; wiih dat.): neivmilkf.smenot 
 either in summer or in ivinter, lac mihi 
 non aestate novum non frigore defit, 
 Virg. : faith '. fortune it is f.s me noir, 
 pol ! mlhi fortuna nunc delit ! Enn. ap. 
 Cic. 3. desero, ui, rtuni, j (strictly 
 tn abandon, q. v. : with ace.) : the lamp 
 f.s »i€, lucerna me d., Cic. • his knees f. 
 this runner, genua hunc cursorem d., 
 PI. 4. destituo, i, utum, j (with 
 ace): the wind f.'d him, ventiis eura 
 destituit, Liv.: his memori/ f.shim. nie- 
 moria eum d.. Curt. Also used abso- 
 lutely: all that depen/ls on the (/nod nill 
 of I'hilip; ifhef. us, etc., lotum id verii- 
 tur in voluntale Pliilippi ; si is destituat 
 . . . , Liv. J7, 7, m£d. : if hope should f, 
 si spes destituat, Liv. 1, ^i, ad init. 
 
 fail, without (as ad^.) : certo, om- 
 nino : v. CURTAINLY. 
 
 failure : |. <'f sujipiy .• 1. 
 
 delectto: /. of streng'.h, virium d., Cic. : 
 /. of breath; i. e a S'oon, animae d., 
 Cels. 2. delectus, us: /. of milk, 
 lactis defectus, Plin. Phr.: there had 
 been a partial f. of corn, angnsiius pro- 
 venerat frunientum, Caes. 15. G. 5, 24. 
 II, Disappointment, uuiit of success: 
 may often be expressed by means of a 
 verb or participle : as, after the f. of 
 their hopes, they 1 eturwd home, spe de^- 
 tituii domos abeuti t, Curt. : / am griered 
 at your /., *doleo quod tibi res tam 
 male cessi L 
 
 fain (adv.) : i. e. gladly (q. v.) : 
 chiefly used in hypothetical sentences, 
 implying that the thing wished for is 
 not obtained : best expr. by a verb, as, 
 / uould f. you, h(fd leant to the Stoics, 
 velleni tu ad Stiiicos inclinavisses. Cic: 
 so the lllwxan ivoiild f. have it, hoc 
 Ithacus velit, Virg. : / nouldf. it had 
 not bien dune, noUem factum, Ter. : / 
 would f. die, cupid niori, Ter. : / uould 
 f. hear, in fiiith ! studeo, hercle, au- 
 dire! PI.: v. to wlsh. 
 
 faint (odj.) : I. Weary, exhausted : 
 1. delessus (vear^ed out) : f. u-ith 
 wounds, vulneribus d.,Caes. : v. weary, 
 EXHAUSTED. 2- confectus (worn out, 
 done up) : f. nith toil and the journey, 
 c. labore atque itinere, Cic: v. worn 
 OUT. 3. languidus (drooping; tem- 
 porarily exhausted) : f. with eoecess and 
 want of sleep, vino vigillisque 1., Cic 
 Phr.: vhfn I vas f. vith travelling, 
 quum de via I inguerem, Cic. . Virg. : 
 V. wEAitT, FATii^nKD. ||, Of impre.s- 
 sions upon the senses : j. hgbes, etis 
 (used of sight, ht'orini/, smell, taste) : a 
 f. colour, h. iiilor Ov. ■ rarhuncU-.': nf a 
 f.er cokmr. carbuiiculi hebetiores, Plin : 
 a grajie hich lias <inli/ a f. taste, wva 
 gnstu bebes. Col. 2. langtien.s, lan- 
 guidus a f. 'olnur. languidus color, 
 Plin. 3. surdus, renussus : v. dui,l(1). 
 
 4, diliitus: a f. red, rubor d., 
 Plin. Ill, Timid, dispirited: demis- 
 sus : a f. heart, animus d., Sail. : to be 
 dispirited and f .-hearted, esse fraoto 
 iinimo et demisso ; auimo humili atque 
 demisso, ttc. P hr. : to damn irith f. 
 praise, laudare m digne, Hnr. Kp. 2, 
 1, 209; exifiue atque frigide laudare. 
 Gell. 19, J : their spirits groiu f, again, 
 animi relanguescunt, Cai-s. 
 
 faint (f): I. 'I'o be fatigued: 
 
 defgtiscor (rare except in p. part, de- 
 fessus), langueo : v. weary, to be. 
 W.TosKoon: 1. coUabor, lapsus, 
 J : V. TO SWOON. 2. intermoricir, 
 
 mortuus, j : having f.'d avay while in 
 the act of speaking, he expired soon 
 after, in ipsa contione intemiortuus, 
 paulo post exspiravit, Liv. : Caes. 3, 
 linquor, licius, j (either alone or with 
 animo) : / /. and fall into the arms if 
 the maidservants, linquor et ancillis 
 exeipienda cad", Ov. : Suet. 
 
 fainthearted ; animo demisso (v. 
 TAINT, adj. III.); ignavus, timidus, im- 
 
 bellis: V. COWARDLY. 
 
 faintheartedness: 1. ignavia: 
 
 V. cowARDiCK 2. infractio quaedam 
 et demissio animi, Cic. Tusc. j. 7. 14. 
 
 faintly : languide : Caes. : Cic. 
 
 faintness: I. Bodily: l. de- 
 fectio : sometimes from sudden f. (i. e. 
 a fainting-fit) he would be unttble to 
 I'oi/,-, noimunquam subita defectioiie in- 
 gredi non poterat. Suet. Cal. 50 (but in 
 Cic, def. virium is general failuie of 
 strength). 2. languor: to bring on f, 
 ad languorem dare, Ter.: /. of bcxly, ). 
 corporis, Cic. : v. fatigue. P'h r. : /. of 
 heart: v. faintheartedness. ||. Of 
 sensations : languor : the faults of pre- 
 cious stones are f. of colour and a con- 
 fusion of foreign colours, gommanim 
 vitia, 1. et alienis tnrbari coloribus, 
 
 Plin. : V. DtlLNESS. 
 
 fair (o'lj.) : I. 0pp. to dark (niger), 
 with additional idea of brilliancy : can- 
 didus : /. J>ido, c Dido, Virg. ; af. neck, 
 c cervix, coUa, Hor. : Ov. (Albusis/)a?€; 
 <!•*'•) II. beautiful: pulcher, formo- 
 sus: V. BRAtTTiFPL. Phr.; the f. scx, 
 mulieres : v. woman. |||. Of weather; 
 clear, unclmided : 1. serenus : /., 
 calm daylight, s. et tranquilla lux, Liv. : 
 /. iceather, tempestas s., Enn. ap. Cic. : 
 as subs, serenum = s. tempestas. Suet. 
 2. siliius (strictly, without damp- 
 j>e<:s) ; I Inefly in neut., as, / will send 
 the hixiks if the veather be f., mitlam 
 lihros. si sudiim erit, Cic. : Virg. 3. 
 clarus (poet.): the f.-v eaVier-bringing 
 Aquilo, clarus Aquilo, Virg. |V. 
 ftt couiafc^e (of winds): 1. .-erundus: 
 a f. vrind and tide, ventus aesu.sciue s., 
 Caes.: Liv.: a f. and nafting pale. s. 
 ac ferens ventus. Sen. 2. id6neu> 
 (suitable for the occasion) : f. weather 
 for sailing, tempestis idonea ad navi- 
 gandum. Caes.: v. favoitrable. V. 
 Equitable: aequus: a f. and honour- 
 able claim,, ae. et honesta postulatio, 
 Cic. : /. terms, conditions, ae. leges, con- 
 diiiones, Cic : a f. and vise praetor. 
 praetor ae. et sapiens, Cic. : for a f. 
 price, quanti aequum est. Plin. Ep. : / 
 think it f., aequum censeo, Ter. : v. 
 EQUITABLE. Phr.: make money by f. 
 means if you can, if not, anyhoir money, 
 rem facias; si possis, recte : si non quo- 
 cunque niodo rem, Hur. ■ /. play, aequi- 
 tas, aequum, < ic. (v. fairness) : to shfiw 
 f. plai), IX bona fide, sine dolo malo 
 agere, Cic. : /. n ords, prithee ! bona 
 verba, qiiaeso ! Ter.: to speak one f , 
 blandiri. verba dare abcui (with the 
 notion of imposing upon): PI.: Ter. ■ 
 iritti a f. outside-sk n. speciosus pelle 
 decora, Hnr. Kp. i, 16. 4; : ffaterius hid 
 f. to be an orator, Haterius oratorem 
 promisit. .Sen. Contr. : a young man 
 ho bids f. to ex/el both morally and 
 iiilellectimlly, adolescens sumnia spe et 
 atdnii et ineenii praedliu.s, Cic Phil. 
 1, 18, 46 he hid f. to become a great 
 general, *,spem feeit omnibus lore ut 
 dux magnus evadtret. VI •Vo*'- 
 
 rate, considerable: 1, modicus : v. 
 MODERATE. 2. mgdiocris. e : a f. 
 
 speaker, m. orator, Cic. : /. abilities, m. 
 ingenium, Cic VII. I'nblemished : 
 Phr.: /. fame, bona fama, Cic : or 
 without bona : uprightness is tliefounda- 
 tion of a f. fme, justitia est famae 
 fiindamenium, Cic. : v. fame, beplta« 
 TION. Join: fama et existiraatio, Cic. 
 
 fair (subs.) : iiundinae, mercatus. Us: 
 V. market. 
 
 fairly: j. frith equity: Justs, 
 cum aequitate: v. justly. ||, Mode- 
 raleli: mediocriter; Cic 
 
 f aime S S : \. 'f complexion ; can- 
 dor : ruddiness bl nded u ith f. of com,- 
 pleximi, caudore Biixtus rubor, Cic : v. 
 BEAUTY. II. Equity, justice (q. v.): 
 
 1. aeqnitas: whatf. is there in this, 
 that, etc., quam autem habetaequitatem 
 ut, etc., Cic. 2. aequum (in abstract 
 sense, not as a quality of the mind): 
 expedi^nci/ iiell nigh the mother of jus- 
 tiie and f., utilitas justi prope mater 
 atque aequi, Hor.: Cic. 3. candor 
 animi. 9v. : Plin. 
 
 fairspoken: 1. blandus: to dis- 
 tinguish the f. friend from the real, 
 blandum amicum a vero seceniere, Cic. 
 2. blandiloquus : I'laut. : S< n. 
 (trag.). 
 
 fairy : no Latin word precisely cor- 
 responding: usually numen. inis, n., 
 will do: as, wond-f.s, vaiei-f.s, nemo- 
 rum, aquarum numina : thus Faunus and 
 Picus are called silvestria numina, Ov. 
 Fast. J, JO} : also sometimes nympha, 
 Faunus, Dryas, JJaias, according to the 
 occasion. 
 
 faith : I. Belief, trust, confidence 
 (q. v.) : fides, ei,/. ; Cic ||. Word or 
 pledge of faith : tides : to pledge one's f. 
 to the enemy, fidem hosti dare, Cic. : to 
 keepf., f. servare, conservare, praestare, 
 exsolvere, Cic. : Caes. : Liv. : it is art 
 abominable aime to break /., nefarium 
 est f. frangere, Cic Ros. Com. 6, 16 (more 
 usu. viiilare) : they surrendered them- 
 selves and all they had to the good f. 
 and power of the people of Home, se 
 suaque omnia in fidem atque potestatem 
 P. R. perniisere, Caes. Phr.: in good 
 /., ex bona fide, sine dolo malo, Cic : 
 badf., fides mala, perfidia, dolus malus, 
 Cic. : V. TREACHERY. |||, The object 
 of religious belief; religioti : religio : 
 the Christian /., religio Christiana 
 (fides Chr. strictly means the faith of a 
 Christian, subjectively). 
 
 faith in (as an exclamation) : 1. 
 nae, ue (at the beginning of a sentence): 
 in faith those persons are greatly mis- 
 taken uho . . . , ne ii falsissumi sunt, 
 qui . . . , Sail. : v. verilt. 2. hercle, 
 herciile, meherciile (lit. by Hercules): 
 Cic : Ter. 3. mfidius fidius (either 
 as one word or as two) • Cic. 4. 
 ecif re or gcSre, edepol, ecistor or me- 
 castor (colloq., and chieflj' used by 
 women) : PI. : Ter. 5. profecto : v. 
 
 TRULY, REALLY. 
 
 faithful : 1. fldelis, e : good and 
 f. allies, boni f que socii, Liv. : he jiulged 
 iJeiotartis f. to the Roman people, I), 
 fidelem populo R. judicavit, Cic. ; / nas 
 of af. and kind disposition ton ards her, 
 f. animo atque benicno in illam fui, 
 Ter.; a most f. ivlfe, fidelissima coiijux, 
 Cic. f. friendships, f. amicitiae, Cic. : 
 /. advice, f. consilium, Cic. : /. eyes, 
 oculi f, Hor. Very /'., perfidelis, Cic 
 
 2. fidus (trusty, on which depend- 
 ence may be placed: o\i\y oi pei sons) : 
 a most f. and excellent uife, fidissima 
 atque optima uxor, Cic. : /. clients, f. 
 clientes. Sail Phr.: a f. copy, exem- 
 plum sunima cura et diligentia ex- 
 scriptum. Cic 
 
 faithfully: fidellter: to take care 
 of any matter /., aliquid f. curare, Cic: 
 the ears f. keep •■ hat is entrusted to 
 them, I. retinent commissa aures, Hor. : 
 to narrate most /., fidelissime narrare, 
 
 Plin. : V TRUTHFULLY. 
 
 faithfulness : v. fidelity. 
 faithless : inlldus. infidelis, perfldus, 
 perfidiOsMS: v. unfaithful, treache- 
 
 Riil^S. 
 
 faithlessly: perflde, perfWKW: v. 
 treachebodslt.
 
 FAITHLESSNESS 
 
 FALL FOU WARDS 
 
 FALL ON, TO, UPON 
 
 faithlessness: p<'rndia: v. tbeach- 
 
 ■BT, fNKAITlll- i;i.NF>S. 
 
 falchion: striclly, a hooked suord, a 
 tcimitai : lalx.cis, /. : Juv. : generally 
 in sens*' of suxnd, q. v. 
 
 falcon : faico, onis, m. : Serv. 
 
 fall (".): I. Lit-: L cado, 
 
 cScIdi, cisum, } r to /. from the top, a 
 sunmio c, PI. : to f. from a horse, ex 
 equo c, Cic. : how many leaves f. in the 
 woods, qimm multa in silvls c. folia, 
 Virg. : tJw arms themselves fell from tlie 
 hands of the citizens, de manibus civium 
 arma ipsa cecidenint, Cic. : the rtver 
 Aretho f.s into an arm of the sea, amnis 
 Aretbo c. in siiniin maris, Liv. 2. 
 cuDcido, } (to /. togetlier, or c/mpleteli/) : 
 that room fell, conclave illud eoncidit, 
 Cic. : a coi' erfell in an earthquake, lur- 
 ria eoncidit terrae niotu. Suet. 3. 
 decido, ? (to /. down) .- to /. from a 
 horse, equo d . Cic: rain isf.ing. iniber 
 d., Hor. the tunic f.s to the feet, ad 
 pedes tunica d.. Suet. K i g. : from how 
 great a hope have I fallen', quanta de 
 spe decidi ! Ov. 4. '"o. ui, utum, 
 i {ivith violence) : the wall f.s Uowji, 
 murus ruit, Liv. : Hor. 5. corruo, j 
 (of a complete ruin) : the house fell, ae- 
 des corrurrunt, Cic: Quint.: IJie tree f.s 
 to the ground {with a crash), arlwr cor- 
 ruit, Ov. 6. labor (delubor), lapsus, 
 J (dt-noting a more gradual or gentle 
 motiou): stars f.ing headUmg fiom Vie 
 sky, stellae praeclpites coelo labentes, 
 Virg. : the chains f. from his amis, 
 labuiiiui ciienae lacertis, Ov. : a statue 
 which fell (i/nim from heaven, sigimm 
 coelo delapnura, Cic. ||. To be slain ; 
 to fall dead : 1, cado, ? : a few of our 
 men f.. iiauci de no.stris c, Caes. : mani) 
 a victim shall f. by our right hand, 
 multa nosira caijel hostia dextra, Virg. 
 2. concido, J : to f. tn battle, in 
 proelio c, Cic. : a healthy man drinks and 
 immediately fj dead, bibit sanus, con- 
 festim c, Quint. 3. occido, idi, asum, 
 J : Kudemus fell fighting at Syracusi; 
 Eudenius proclians ad Syracusas occidit, 
 Cic. : tof. by one's own hand, sua de.xtra 
 oc., Virg. I'h r : they hare nobly fallen 
 in defence of their country, bene pro 
 patria jacent, Ov. : l,iv. : v. to slav. 
 Ill, To decline, subside ; as the 
 winds: 1. cado. J ■ the Kast wind fs, 
 c Kurus, Ov. : all the vioience of the 
 xoindftll, venti vis omnis cecidit, Liv. 
 
 2, concido, } {at once; of a num- 
 ber): the iiinilsf., ccmcidunt ventI, Hor. 
 
 3. poni), pfisui, ituin, } (poet.) the 
 winds fell {lulhd), venti posu.re, Virg. 
 Aen. t. 26. IV. '" ln'come less (e>p. 
 of price) : 1, cadii, ?: military ser- 
 vice f.s {in value) in time if peace, prelia 
 militiae in pace c, Liv. J4, j6, fin.: 
 (dresses of) skin fell in value, cecidit 
 pellis, Lucr. 5, 141". 2. '•'X", l : the 
 price of provisions had not fallen much, 
 annona baud niulium la.xaverat, Liv. 26, 
 20. 3. retro iibeo, 4. irr. : the pricej: 
 of produce ha'C fallen, pn-lium ri'diiuum 
 retro abiil, I'lin. Kp. I'hr. : by opening 
 the grimarirs hi caused the prices if 
 produce to /., levavil, apertis horreis, 
 pretia trugiim, I'ac Ann. 2, 59. V. 
 To deca'/, go to ruin: \, cSdo, j: 
 thefortunr of the I'hiygians has /alien, 
 cecidit lorluna I'hrygum, V^irg. 2. 
 occido, 5 (utterly) : all luifie has fallen, 
 occidit spes omnis, Hor. : i/ne house has 
 fallen, occidit una domus, Ov. 3. 
 mo, corruo, j {suddenly and violently: 
 the laiter, of a citmple'e fall): there is 
 no one but percires that that common- 
 wealth is f ing. ni-nio est quln inielligat 
 mere illam vpuipublicani, Cic : the potrer 
 of the ■<ii<ir'iin:' fH, op<"s Ijacfdaemoni- 
 orum coniUM mil. Cic. : the higher he hail 
 been raisnt, the more du^ffraxefully did 
 he/.,quantii altiuselatuserat, eo foedius 
 corruit, Liv. 4. praecipito, I : Cic : 
 Liv. V. RUIN (TO r.o Ti)). 
 
 fall among : v. kai.i. in with. 
 
 asunder, "r to pieces: 1. 
 
 dJlabor, lapsus, i {from diiay) : a rotten 
 ship and ready to f. asunder from age, 
 navls putris et vetnstate dilabens. Liv. ; 
 trumumenti that Aune fallen to pieces. 
 
 moixamentadilapsa,Lucr. 2. dlssolvor, 
 sdlOtua, J {to experience distolutum from 
 whatever cause) : to /. asunder in the 
 middle of the wateis (of a ship). In me- 
 diis dissidvi aquis, Ov. Join, disced- 
 ere di.violvlciui-, Lucr. 3. discedo, 
 cessi, cessum, j {to part in two): the 
 furroiv falls asunder befr/re the plough- 
 share, dUct-dlt sulcus vomere, Lucan. : 
 sooner vould I suffer this liead to f. 
 asumder from my neck, citlus paterer 
 ciput hoc di.'.cedere collo, Prop. (comp. 
 No. 2). 
 
 fall at: acddo, accidi, ? : to f. at a 
 man'i Jei^t, ad pedes alicujus ac, Cic. 
 (more trtq., m: projicere, Caes.) : or with 
 dat. : to f. at one's knee, genibus (ali- 
 cujus) ac, Liv. 
 
 away : I. To leave : 1. 
 
 discedo. j (to depart from) : he fell 
 away from honour and uprightness, a 
 fide jusiltiaque discessit, Cic: v. to 
 DKviATK. 2. descisco, scivi, scltuni, 
 ? {to Jail in one's duty or alUgiance): 
 to f. ail ay from, the custom of one's 
 fathers, d. a consuetudlne patrum, Plin 
 Ep. : Cic. II, To break alliance with : 
 1. dcficio, feci, fectum, j . to f. 
 anay from the friendship of tlie Roman 
 people, d. ab amicilia P. K., Caes. : also 
 absolutely, Cic 2. descisco, j: I'rae- 
 neste fell away fr(rm the Latins to the 
 /tomans, Praeneste ab Latinis ad Ro- 
 manes descivit, lAv. III. Tolosejlesh: 
 
 1. niacescii, macresco, j : the cattle 
 f. anay, macrescit pecus. Col.: v. lean, 
 TO GROW. 2. corpus amitlo : Cic. 
 Kam. 7, 26. 3. miniior, utus, j : wiih 
 corpus as subj. : Plin. 11, 55, 118. 4. 
 tatjeo, tabesco, ui, j (stronger than the 
 Knglish) : fallen airay (unsted) cheeks, 
 tabentes genae. Virg. : v. to pine, 
 WASTE. Phr.: my flesh is fallen anay 
 and my colour gone abiit corpusque 
 colorque, Ov. Her. j, 147. 
 
 _ back: |. Lit.: recido, cidi, 
 
 casum, J : all things f. back on to the 
 earth, rt-cidunt <imnia in terras, Cic : 
 tlie Height fell back on to the solid ground, 
 recidit in solidam terram pondus, Ov. 
 Fig.: to f. back into a more serious 
 disease, in graviorem morbum recldere, 
 Liv. (v. TO RELAPSE) : all those insults 
 will f. back upmi yourself, omnes in te 
 recident istaec contumeliae, PI. (v. to 
 recoil) : Syracuse fell back into its 
 ancient bondage. Syracusae In antiquani 
 servitutem reciderunt, Liv. 2. rilai- 
 bor, lapsus, j: v. to glide back. ||. 
 To retreat a little way : 1, pedeni 
 rCtero, tiili, liltum, j : if they tiere hard 
 pushed, they did not think it disgraciful 
 to f. back, si premereniur, pedem r. non 
 turpe existiniabant, Caes. : riot a si7igle 
 man falling back, nee ullo pedem refer- 
 ente, Liv. 2. referor. latus, ? : ifuith 
 the principes liken-ii-e the battle went 
 amiss, they gradualhi fell liack upon the 
 triarii, si apud priiKiiw^s (pioqiie baud 
 satis prospere es.sei pus;ii.itiini,ad triarius 
 sensim refeietxiiiiur, Liv.: v. to re- 
 treat. III. To have recourse to : 1. 
 recurro, curri, cursuni. j : to /. back 
 upon the same comiiliims, ad easdem 
 conditiones r., Caes. B. C. 2, 16: it is 
 nece.<:sary simie times to f. back upon 
 those authors, necesse est ad eos ali- 
 quando auciore^ r.. Quint. 1, prooem. 17. 
 
 2. confiigio: v. recolbse(tohave). 
 between : intercido, cIdi, ; : 
 
 the ships ueie so closily crowded toiie- 
 tlier, that scarcely a single missile fell 
 b. them into the sea, ita in arcto stipatae 
 erant naves, ut vix ullum teliim in mare 
 intercideroi, Liv. 26, 59. mM. 
 
 down : (v. to fall) : decido, 
 
 cidi, > : to f. doim from off a coudi, d. 
 de lecto. Pi. : to f. down n-iih a heavier 
 crash, praviore aisu d , Hor. 
 
 forwards: 1. procido. cidi, 
 
 ? : a jiart <f the vail had fallen f. 
 {_fian. pars niuri prociderat. Liv. 2. 
 prolubor, lapsus,?: they snw Marcellus 
 fallmi f. Iiom his hime,^i\. ex equo 
 prolabentem videre. Liv. : Ov. I'hr.: 
 the ship-TTUister falls f. upon his head, 
 magister pronus volvitur in caput, Virg. I 
 Aen I, 115. I 
 
 fall foul of: I. LiL: To run or 
 doth against: 1. Incurro, curri and 
 cicurrl, cursum, } : tof. foul of pillars, 
 in columnas inc., Cic. Or. 67,224 (cun- 
 curro, of collision in comljat. Hirt. : 
 Lucr.). 2. collldo, si, sum, j (to 
 cause to run foul) : the tea growing 
 stormy caused the ships to f. foul of 
 one another, Inhorresceiis mare inter se 
 navigia colllden-, Curt. 4, }, med. ||, 
 Fig.: to f. foul oj a man unOi abtue, 
 jurgio aliquem lacessere. invadere, Tac : 
 maledicta in ali<juem conjicere, cunferre, 
 Cic. : V. to a BtsE. 
 
 headlong : 1. praeclpito, I : 
 
 the yile f.s hriidlong from very lofty 
 mountains, Nllus pr. ex aliissimis mon- 
 tlbus, Cii-. : Me rains f. heodlmig into 
 the water, nimbi pr. in vada, Virg. 2, 
 expr. by praeceps and a verb : v. heai>- 
 
 LONG. 
 
 in or into : I. I" gen. sense : 
 
 incido, cidi, j (usu. foil, by t» and occ. : 
 the dat. also occurs) : to /. into a pit- 
 fall, in foveam inc., Cic. : tof. into an 
 ambush, in Insidias inc., Cic: to/, into 
 anjboily's hands. In manus alicujus inc, 
 Cic. : to f. into ill health, in morbum 
 Inc., Cic: tof. iiito rage and insanity, 
 in furorem et insaniam inc., Cic (.N.B. 
 Any of the verbs given under to fall, 
 FALL DOWN, may of ojurse be loll, by 
 prep, in and ace. : as, to ./. into a ricer, 
 in fluinen delabi, (Sc IMv. i, 28, 58: to 
 /. tjito a pitlall, in foveam decldere, 
 Hor. A. P. 458.) r li r : to/, iwto errors 
 and mistakes, labi, errare, Cic. ||, 
 Specially 0/ rivets : to fall into the sea 
 or another river : 1, influo, xi, xum, j : 
 Cic: v. TO Fix)W into. 2. exeo, 4, 
 t»T. ; v. TO discharge (IL). 
 
 in with : I. To meet : 1. 
 
 incido, J : to f. in tvith a person unex- 
 pectedly, in aliquem incurrere atque 
 inc, Cic. : some cohorts fell in with 
 (cwsai's division, iionnullae cohortes 
 in Caesaris agmen inciderunt, Caes 
 2, invC-nio : v. to find. ||. T" 
 coincide : congruo, con\6iiio : v. T<i 
 agree WITH. Phr.: cado, j : that tus- 
 piciim of yours does not f. in uith my 
 client's habits, non cadit in bos mores 
 ista suspicio, Cic Suit. 27, 7;. 
 
 in love with : adamo, i : to 
 
 f. in love leadily. facile ad., Petr. : as 
 soon as he had seen some veiy beautiful 
 statues, he fell in love u-ith them, cum 
 vidisset signaquaedam pulcherrlma, ada- 
 mavit, Cic: tof. in love with a country- 
 house, villam ad., Plin. Kp. : v. to lo\ e. 
 
 off: I. Lii-: 1. dclabor. 
 
 psus, J (strictly, by si'pphiii) .- to /. off 
 one's horse, ex equo d., Liv. (Cic has 
 cadere ex equo, Clu. 62, I'y). 2. 
 fluo, xi, xum, J {OA hair, J ruits, etc.): 
 v. TO DROP (B. IL). II. To diminish, 
 deteriorate: muto, miitor, I: nhat a 
 f.ing off there has been in the character 
 of the H. ptople, mores P. P>omani quan- 
 tum mutaverunt, Liv. : so with in i>ejus, 
 in deterius : what is gooii soon f.s off, 
 bona tacile mutantur'in pejus, Quint. : 
 what a f.ing off u-as there in him, quan- 
 tum niutaius"(erat)! Virg. Phr.: the 
 ci-op of com had fallen off some hat, 
 frume'ntum angustius proveneral, Caes.: 
 Caesar by his coming had cuttseti the 
 reieniies of AiiovistnS tof. ')//". C ad- 
 ventu suo, vectigalia Ariovisti' deteriora 
 faclebat, Ciies. See also to fall (I V.). 
 
 on, to u'on: I. l-it. = L 
 
 Incido, ! (V. TO FALL in) : Tiiinus being 
 struck fell to tin earth, Puriius ictus ad 
 terram' incidit, Virg. <i ton rr fell upon 
 the ranks of the Hanauns. turris incidlt 
 super agnil'na iLinaum, Virg. 2. »<"- 
 cldo. J {to fall or stri'.r upon : whereas 
 incido often implies penetration): the 
 missiles hurled hy the (iauls frll upon 
 them with great force, missa a Gallis tela 
 cravlter acciderunt, Caes.: they fell to 
 the larth as thirl,- as pears, tarn crebrl ad 
 terram ac< idebant quam pira. PI.: tof. 
 to the ground, ad humum ace. Varr. 3. 
 occido, cidi. c!i.-um, ? ( to /. upon, on the 
 top of): the 1/ Jell one upon the other 
 alii super alios occiileruiit. Liv.: stars 
 fall from heaven to earth. :iigna de coeU 
 28i
 
 FALL OUT 
 
 F A LLA CY 
 
 FALSE 
 
 ad terrain oc. (al. ace.), PI. 4. induo, 
 ui, utum, J (with pron. reflect. : to fasten 
 oneself upon) : they fell upon the spears 
 of the phalanx, (phalangis) hastis se In- 
 duerunt, Liv. : they fell upon (impaled 
 theviselies on) the sharp-pointed stakes, 
 se ipsi acutissimis vallis iniluebant, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 7 J. I' h r. : to f. upon one's 
 sivord, in gladium incumbere, Cic. ||. 
 To assail; happen to (of evils): 1, 
 incido, J (with dat. ; or prep, and ace.) : 
 to f. upon the hindei-most Romans, ulti- 
 mis Romaiiis in., Liv. Kig. : no misfor- 
 tune had fallen, upon the state, nihil in- 
 ciderat civitati mail, Cic. 2. invado, 
 vasl, } (stronger than incido, and im- 
 plying an attack : with ace or dat.) : to 
 '. upon the camp, castra in., Liv. Fig.: 
 a severe iliseane has fallen upon him, 
 eum morbus invasit gravis, I'l.: lest fear 
 should f upon the rest of his country- 
 men, ne reliquos populares nietus inva- 
 deret, Sail. : madness had fallen upon 
 the wicked, furor improbis invaserat, 
 Cic. 3. iiigriio, ui, j (with violence) : 
 Aemeas f.s suddenly upon, the Italians, 
 itigruit Aeneas Italis, Virg. : the iron 
 shower f.s violently, ferreus ingruit im- 
 ber, Virg.: diseases begin to f. upon the 
 rowers, in. morbi in reniiges coeperunt, 
 Liv. 4, incurro, j (less freq. : with 
 prep, and ace.) : a misfortune may f. 
 upon a wise man, casus in sapientem 
 potest in., Cic. 5 expgto, Ivl, itum, 
 J (rare in this sense): all the evils of 
 war fell upon him, omnes clades 
 belli in eum expetiverunt, Liv. i, 22. 
 III. To take place (at a defin itet ime) : 
 1. incido, j : you nill inform me 
 upon ichat day the mysteries f., facies 
 rae in quem diem incidatit mysteria, 
 certiorem, Cic. : the date of the Com- 
 pitaliafell upon the ird of the Kalends 
 of Jan., dies Compitaliorum in III. Kal. 
 Jan. inciderunt, Cic. : / fell (hit) upon 
 that day though I might have avoided 
 it, in earn diem, cum potuissem vitare 
 incidi, Cic. 2. cado, j (rare in this 
 sense) : take care tluxt your arrival does 
 not f. upon a most inopportune time, 
 considera ne in alienissimum tempus 
 cadat adventus tuus, Cic. Fara. 15, 14, 
 med. IV, To light up07i : 1. in- 
 cido, } : as they were carousing along 
 vrithS. To.rquinins, the conversatiott fell 
 upon their wives, potantibus his apud 
 S. Tarquinium, incidit de u.xoribus 
 mentio, Liv. 2. delabor, psus, j (to 
 glide into insensibly) : I never expected 
 tltat w« should f. into that subject of 
 conversation, in>peranti mihi cecidit ut 
 in istum sermonem delaberemini, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 21, 96. V. 'jf'" come to (as a 
 portion): \, obvenio, veni, venlum, 
 4 (with dat. of person) : an inheritance 
 has fallen to him, hereditas ei obvenit, 
 Cic. : Syria fell to Scipio, Syria Scipioni 
 obvenit, Cic. : the fresh v ar fell to the 
 lot of Aemilius, Aeniilio novum bellum 
 sorte obvenit, Liv. 2. cado, } : tio dis- 
 advantcu^e can fairly f. to their share, 
 nihil incommodi ipsis j'lre c. potest, Cic. 
 3. obtingo, tigi, j (usu. of what is 
 gmd) : uhat has j alien to each, that let 
 each keep, quud cuique obtigi:, id quis- 
 que teneat, Cic. : v. to befall. VI. 
 To fall ti> II oik: I'hr. he once more 
 f.s to II ork ivitli tablet and stylus, rursus 
 cerisetstiloiiicumbit, Plin. Ep. : Sil.: all 
 f. vigorously to work, omnes accingunt 
 operi, Virg. : v. to gird (ones self). 
 
 fall out : I. L i t. : excido, cidi, 
 j: the suords fell out of their hands, 
 gladii de manibus exciderunt, Cic. : the 
 handle fell out of my fingers, ex digitis 
 exciditansa meis, Ov.: talinurus had 
 fallen out astern, P. exciderat puppi, 
 Virg. : as each man's lot had fallen out, 
 ut cujusque sors exciderat, Liv. : v. to 
 DROP. II, To happen : 1. cado, j : 
 it fell out as I -u ished, ita cadebat ut 
 Tellem, Cic 2, evenio, veni. ventum, 
 4: you see that neailii everything has 
 fallen out in the contrary way to ichat 
 UVLS prediHed, vides omnia fere contra 
 ar. dicta sunt evenisse, Cic. : things have 
 fallen out otherwise than as ^vas hoped, 
 praeter spem eveuit, Ter.; v. to hap- 
 284 
 
 PEN, OCCTIB. Ill, To begin quarrel- 
 ling : dissideo, sedi, sessum, 2 : he at 
 first lived on good terms with Julia, but 
 afterwards fell out with her, cum Julia 
 primo concorditer vixit, mox dissedit. 
 Suet. : they have fallen out slightly, 
 leviter inter se dissident, Cic. Phr. : 
 he lived 39 years vjith his vife without 
 oncef.ing out with her, vixit cum uxore 
 xxxix annis sine jurgio, Plin. Ep. : v. to 
 
 QUAKREL. 
 
 fall short of: may be expr. by con - 
 tingere with negative (v. to rrach) : 
 to f. short of the goal, nietam non con- 
 tingere, cf. Hor. A. P. 412: or by a 
 phrase : they seemed always to f. just a 
 little short of complete success, semper 
 paulum ad suramiuu felicitatem detuisse 
 videbatur, Caes. B. G. 6, 4J : our pitiful 
 estate alivays f.s short of something or 
 other, curtae nescio quid semper abest 
 rei, Hor. Od j, 24. extr. : in this one par- 
 ticular Caesar fell short of his fm-mer 
 good fortune, hoc unum ad pristinam 
 fortunam Caesari defuit, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 26, extr.: I have avoided censure it is 
 true : I have fallen short of praise, vi- 
 lavi denique culpam, non merui laudem, 
 Hor. 
 
 sick: 'n morbum incido: v. 
 
 to fall into, sick. 
 
 under: 1. cado (with sub 
 
 or in) .• to f. binder the empire and con- 
 trol of the Romans, sub imperium ditio- 
 nemque Romanorum c, Cic. : tof. under 
 the power of one man, in poteslatem 
 unius c, Cic. : tof. under the senses, sub 
 sensum c, Cic. : things which f. under 
 the same rule, res quae sub eandem ratio- 
 nem c, Cic. 2, vgnio, veni, ventum, 
 4 (viiih prep.) : tof. under the suay of 
 any one, in ditionem alicujus v., Cic. (so, 
 in ditionem concedere, Liv.). 
 
 , inclined to : caducus : the vine 
 
 is naturally inclined to f., viiis iiatura 
 
 c. est, Cic. 
 
 , to let : 1. demitto, misi, 
 
 missum, } : ye gods, who let f. ample 
 shmvers on the crops, Dii qui satis largum 
 coelo demittitis imbrem, Virg. : v. to 
 DROP. 2, emitto, i (from the grasp 
 or other hold) : to let the shield f. from 
 one's hand, scutum manu e., Caes. 
 
 fall, falling (subs.): |, Lit.: 
 
 1, casus, as: a f. of snoiv, nivis c, 
 Liv. : thef. of a drop, stillicidi c, Lucr. : 
 lofty toners descend unth a heavier f., 
 celsae graviore c. decidunt turres, Hor. 
 
 2, lapsus, lis (by slipping) : to hold 
 oneself up from falling, se a lapsu sus- 
 linere, Liv. 3. ruina (wiih the notion 
 of violence, as ruo); af. of hail, r. gran- 
 dinis, Lucr. : the f. of beasts of burden, 
 Jumentorum r., Liv.; the sud/ien f of a 
 tower, turris repentina r., Caes. Phr.: 
 to have a Qieavy) f., (graviter) cadere, 
 concidere, Virg. : Ov. : thef. of the voice, 
 vocis submissio, Cic. : without anyf. (of 
 rain"), sine uUis coelestibus aquis, Liv. 
 5> 15- II. Inclination of ground rela- 
 tively to water: libramentum; a f. of 
 one quarter of an inch in i r o feet, 1. 
 aquae in centenos pedes sicilici. Plin. }i, 
 6, ji : Vitr. Ill, Ruin : 1, ruina : to be 
 crushed in the general f. of ones country, 
 communi r. patriae oppriini, Liv.: driven 
 into exile by the f. of his father-in-lair, 
 r. soceri in exilium pulsus, lac. 2. 
 casus: my horrible, gi-ievous, and sud- 
 den f., ille meus c. horribilis, gravis, re- 
 pentinus, Cic. 3. excldium (destruc- 
 tion): thef. of Carthage, CaxibdifiSms ex- 
 cidia, Liv. |V. VVaterfall: dejectus, 
 us (with or tcithout aquae or fluniinis): 
 thef. of the Heneus. Penei d , Ov. : Sen. : 
 v. WATERFALL. V. -^ lonciing, dimi- 
 nution : deniinutio: af. in the revenues, 
 
 d. vectigalium, Cic. 
 
 fallacious : 1. fallax, acis : Cic : 
 V. DECEPTi\E. 2. vitiosus (haring 
 some flaw in it): af. Icind of argument, 
 vitiosum argumentationis genus, Cic. 
 
 fallaciously : fallaciter : Cic. : Plin. 
 
 fallacy : 1. captio, onis, /. (a 
 catch , sophism) : to explode f.s, capiiones 
 disculere, Cic. : all f.s of that kind are 
 refuted in the same manner, omnes cap- 
 tiones istlus generis eodeiD. roodo refel- 
 
 luntur, Cic. : to expose a f, captionem 
 explicare, Cic. 2. vitium (a fluw in 
 the argument) : there is a f. in the ar- 
 gument, vitium est in argumento, Cic. 
 Phr.: the argument is an entire f, om- 
 nino totum talsum est argumentum, Cic. 
 
 fallibility : to be expr. by circuml. : 
 /. belongs to the hunuin race, *obnoxium 
 est error! genus humanum ; bumanum 
 est errare, etc. : / am conscious of my 
 ounf., *scio me errare (falli) posse ; scio 
 me eum esse qui facile errare, falli, 
 possim. 
 
 fallible : ewori obnoxius, etc. : v. 
 precnd. art. 
 
 falling (adj.): 1. caducus; /. 
 tears, lacrimae c, Ov. : _/. lightning, 
 fulmen c, Hor. : the f. sickness, i. e. 
 epilepsy, morbus c, Apul. : v. epilepsy. 
 2, deciduus : /. stars, sidera d., 
 Plin. : fires f. to the earth have the name 
 of lightnings, ignes ad terras d. fulmi- 
 nuni nomen habent, Plin. ; /. every year, 
 omnibus annis decidua (of the horns of 
 stags), Plin. : /. leaves, d. folia, Plin. 
 
 falling away : v. toll. art. (11.). 
 
 falling off (subs.) : I. L i t. ; OS 
 
 of hair, etc. : defluvium : the f. off of 
 Itair, capillorum d., Plin. ||. Fig.: 
 of revolt or decline : 1, defectio : v. 
 BE\ olt, desertion. 2. expr. by phr. ; 
 as, what a f. off uas there in the man, 
 heu, quantum mutatus ab illo ! Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 27J. 
 
 fallow ; I. PO'te red or yellow : 
 only in expr. fallow deer : perh. gilvus 
 or spadix, icis : the former being a kind 
 of yellow, the latter similar to chestnut : 
 gilvi, spadices equi, Virg. : cf. Gell. 2, 
 26. II. Of soil, unploiighed or unsown 
 (adj. or subs.) : 1. iniratus : Vli^. : 
 Hor. 2. novalis, is,/, (sc. terra) ; or as 
 neut. noviile : to allow your f. lands to 
 rest, novales cessare pati, Virg. : a f. is 
 that whicli is sown in altemale years, 
 novale est, quod altemis annis seritur, 
 Plin. 3. vervactum : it makes a 
 great difference whether you are sowing 
 in fresh soil, or in that n hich has been 
 cropped every year, or in a f. which has 
 rested in thevuMn time, multum interest 
 in rudi terra, an in ea seras, quae quot- 
 annis obsita sit, an in v., quae interdum 
 requierit, Varr. R. R. i, 44. 4.^e- 
 tfiretum (prob. a soil which has lainf. 
 a long while): Col.: cf. Gesn. Lex. Rus- 
 tic, s. v. verractum. 
 
 fallow, to lie : 1. cessare, I : a 
 lighter soil may lie f. even till the third 
 year, gracilior terra et in tertium an 
 num cesset, Plin. : to lie f. every otnei 
 year, altemis c, Virg. 2. quiescere, 
 gvi, etum (or req.), } : soil is under- 
 stood to be more productive when it has 
 lain /., utilior intelligitur terra, quoties 
 quievit, Plin. ; a field that has lain /., 
 ager requietus, Ov. 
 
 fallow, a lying: cessatlo: soilyiddt 
 a large return to tlie husbandman from 
 lying /., terra magno foenere cessationis 
 colono respondet, Col. 2, i, med. 
 
 fallow ("■) •■ '• ^- i" break up soil 
 without sowing it : 1. vervago, } : 
 wet soils have to tie f.'d about summer 
 time, uliginosi agri sub aestate verva- 
 gendi sunt, Cul. 11, 2, ad init. 2. 
 proscindo, scldi, scissuni, j : before you 
 plough (for seed) fallow (your land), 
 prius quam ares, proscindito, Cato ap. 
 Plin.: Col. II, 2, med. 
 
 false: j. Untrue: 1. falsns: 
 /. accusations, f. crimina, Hor. : that it 
 altogether /., f. est id totum, Cic. : /. 
 icitnesses, f. testes, Cic: voukl that I 
 may prove af. prophet, utinam vates f. 
 siin ! Liv.: from thef., the truth cannot 
 be deduced, ex falsis verum efflci non 
 potest, Cic. : tliey prosecute f. claims by 
 f. testimonies, f. lites f. testimoniis pe- 
 tunt, PI.; /. hope, spes f., Cic. 2, 
 commenticius (made up) : a f. charge, 
 crimen c, Cic. : v. FiCTrriocs, deceit- 
 ful, UNFOUNDED. ||, SpurioUS, nOt 
 genuine : \, Actus : mi friendship 
 there is nothing f., nothing pretended, la 
 amicitla nihil f. est, nihil simulatum, 
 Cic. ; imaginary and f. gods, commen- 
 ticii et f. dii, Cic. 2. adultSrinua (counr-
 
 FALSEHOOD 
 
 FAMILY 
 
 FANATIC 
 
 ter/eit) : f. keys, clavcs a.. Sail. : /. seals, 
 signa a., Cic. : /. ((/ui. numnii a., CIc. 
 3. adulter, era, e rum (poet.): a /■ 
 key, a. clavls, Ov. 4, subdiius C/a/.«eiy 
 and wrongl.;/ substituted) : a f. will, s. 
 testatnentum, 'Inc. v. forged. 5. 
 fucatus (lit. coloureil us uith rouge or 
 paint : hence, shouy, hut vol genuine) .- 
 to separate the/ and pretended fn/m the 
 sincere and genuine, f. et simulata a sin- 
 ceris atque verls secernere, Cic. : a na- 
 tural and not a f. brUlianey, naturalis 
 non f. nitor, Cic. 6. liicosus ( = fu- 
 catus) : /. (i. e. counterfeit) friemUhips, 
 f. amicitiae, Cic. 7. *»'*"» (rare) ; by 
 the water of the f. Simois, f. SimoUntis 
 ad undam, Virg. Aen. i, jo2: v. cocn- 
 terpf.it. 
 
 falsehood: 1. cummentum (a 
 
 made up story) : Ter. : Cic. : v. fiction. 
 2. mendficiura ; v. lie. 
 
 falsely : 'i'l'*" (f"'se is rare and 
 doubtful); to accuse any one /., falso 
 insiniulare aliqucin, Cic. : Sail. 
 
 falseness, falsity : 1. expr. by 
 
 means of adjpciive: the f. of these state- 
 ments is apparent, *apparet baec falsa, 
 commenticia esse: v. fai^i- 2. e.\pr. 
 by plur. ofinendiicluni (L.tJ.^ 591) : as, 
 uhat f. there was in him, *ciuae in eo 
 meridiicia erant ! quae simulatioiies I 
 
 falsetto: perh. falsa vocfila: how 
 mwh softer and more delicate are the 
 modulations and false (art'ficiaV) notes 
 of a singer, quanto moUiores et deli- 
 catiores in caiitu fli'xiones et falsae vo- 
 culae ? Cic. de Or. 5, 25, 98- 
 
 falsification : exp""- by gei-und or 
 part. : v. foil. art. 
 
 falsi&: 1. cornimpo, rfipl, rup- 
 tum, J (to tamper v-ith): to f- public 
 docw?n«n<s, tabu las (literas) publicas c , 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, 104: to f. the bonds 
 of debtors, debilorum chirograplia c, 
 Ulp 1 >ig. : to f. the. standard measures 
 of ivine, c. mensuras publice probatas 
 vini. Modest. I>ig. : V^ell. 2. "iter- 
 Iino, Icvi, litum, j : to f. (by nblitrra- 
 ting the writing of the wax tablets) a 
 will, testamentum int ,Cic. Clu. 44, 125. 
 3. vitio, I (to tamper ivith) ; the 
 decrees of tlte senate were suppressed 
 and f.'d at the will of the consids, se- 
 natus consulta arbilrio consulura sup- 
 primebantur vitiabanturque, Liv. j, 5;, 
 ad fin. : to f. writings, scripturas v., 
 Ulp. Dig.: to f. the indications of the 
 comitia, comitiorum signiticatlones v., 
 
 Cic. So.Xt. 54. 11; : V. TO FORGE, COUN- 
 TERFEIT. IS.B.— The subs, falsification 
 may be expressed by an inf., ger. or 
 participle of the abovi' verbs : as, he was 
 pronounced guilty of the f. of public 
 documents, judicatus est publiais tdbulas 
 corrupisse, Cic: on aecomd of las f. of 
 public documents, * propter corruptas, 
 vitiatas, tabulas publicas : cwwerning the 
 f. of public docuiutnts, *de publicis tabu- 
 Us corrumpeiidis, vliiandis: v.supr. 
 
 falsit/; V- FALSENESS. 
 
 falter : 1. hacreo, haesi, baesuni, 
 2: / am undone: my tongue f.s with 
 fear ! perii, liaeret lingua nietu ! Ter. : 
 nor uus there ever such eloquence as not 
 to stumble undf., >' hen n oi-ds and heart 
 disagree, nee umiuara tanta fuit loquendi 
 facultas, ut nun titubot atque h.iereat, 
 quotiens ab aniino verba dissentiunt, 
 Quint. 12, 1, 29 : the war was at a stand, 
 and Caesar's fmtune f.'d, constitit bel- 
 lum, fortunaque Caesaris haesit, Lucan. 
 7. 547- 2. liaesito, i (fiequent. of 
 haereo) : to speak with a f.ing tongue, 
 lingua haesitare, Cic. : drunken men 
 hesitate, /., reluct wliat they have said, 
 vinolenti dubitant, h., revocant so, Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 17, 52 : v. hesitate. 3. 
 titubo, I (to trip, stumble) ; a f.ing 
 mind, titabans animus, I'l. : if the wit- 
 nesses f. at a single nord, si verbo tltu- 
 barint testes, Cic. Fl. 10, 22. 
 
 faltering ("(^i) •■ hacsltans. tUu- 
 bans : V. to falter. 
 
 falteringly: 1. titabimter: to 
 lay a' thing d/nvn f. and cursorily, all- 
 quid t. et strlctini ponere, Cic. Coel. 7, 
 15. Phr. ■ to speak f., titubare atque 
 haerere (in loquendo), lingua haesitare. 
 
 etc., Cic: v. TO faltf.r. 2. tlmide : 
 he who asks /., teaclies to refuse, qui 
 tlmide rogat, negare docet, .Sen. : to 
 spak excitedly and /., trepidanter timi- 
 (leque aucre, Caes. : to have recourse to 
 a thing f. arid hesitatingly (teidatively), 
 aliquo tiniide et pedetentira descendere, 
 Cic. yuint. 15. 51. 
 
 fame : I. Humour : fama, ru- 
 
 niores : v. bei-ort. ||, 'Hory, re- 
 noicn : 1. faraa : thef. of the Koman 
 people, fama popnli Komani, Liv. : the 
 /'. of eloquence, IxMie loquendi, eloquen- 
 "tiae f., Cic: yulnt. 2. glOria: v. 
 
 <ii/)RY, RENOWN. 3. clarltas (dis 
 
 f. (a political term : not necessarily 
 implying bloixl relatlon-ship) . /.. Tar- 
 quitius of patrician f., L. T. patriciae 
 gentis. Liv. : the f. of the Tarqmnii, 
 gens Tarquinionim, Cic |||. Oescmt, 
 esp. honourable descent: Phr.: to be 
 of a goftd, very high f.. honesto, sum- 
 mo loco natum esse, CIc : Liv. : of a 
 very low f.. intimo loco natits, Cic: of 
 an equestrian /., equestri loco natUR, 
 Cic. : Cornelius Tuseus, of a distin- 
 guished /., Cor. Tuseus, Claris natali- 
 bus, Tac. : a woman of high /., mulier 
 natalibiis Clara, Plin. Kp. 8, 18, 8: a 
 man of no /., homo sine gente, Hor. S. 
 
 tinction, eminence): are you sorry for \ 2, ;, 15: a man of ancient f, homo 
 
 your /., your glory f num te claritati 
 num gloriae poeniiet ? Cic. 4. clari- 
 tudo : virtues by vhich the highest f. is 
 gained, artes animi quibus summa c 
 "paratur, Sail. 5. nomCn, inis, n. (</owi 
 name) : to injure any one's /., nominl 
 alicujus officere, Liv. : v. bei'UTation. 
 
 fained : clarus, illustrls, etc. : v. 
 renowned. 
 
 familiar: 1. familiaris, e (in 
 
 nearly all the .senses of the English 
 word : usu. with ilat.) : uv Sfe that 
 Aemilius was f. with C. Luscinus, vide- 
 mus Acmilium C. Luscino f. fuisse, Cic : 
 f friends, f. amici, Plin.: he is more 
 f. to «*• on account of the number of 
 his tiTitings, familiarior nobis propter 
 soriptoruin multitudinem est, Cic. : to 
 engage in f. conversation, familiares 
 conferre sermones, Cic: /. letters, f. 
 cpistolae. Quint. 2. nblus (icell 
 
 knon-n: q. v.): a f. haunt, sedes n., 
 Hor. : Vlrg. 3. remissus (without 
 
 effort, free and easy) : to mlnpt a more 
 f. style, remissiore uti genere dicendi, 
 Cic Sext. 54, 115- Phr.: to grow 
 f. with, assuesro: v. acccstomed, to 
 liEfoME: to be <m f. terms with one, 
 aliquo familiariter uti ; cum aliquo fa- 
 mi liariter vivere, Cic. : to be on very f. 
 terms with one, cum aliquo familiaris- 
 sime vivere ; aliciuo valde familiariter 
 uti, multum uti, Cic. : not to be at all f. 
 with, aliquo minimum (pamm, minus) 
 uti, Cato: to be too f. tvith any one 
 (of slaves with their m"istres.s), licentius, 
 liberius, familiarius cum domiiia vivere, 
 
 Cic. Coel. 2J, 57: V. INTIMATE, WELL 
 KNOWN. 
 
 familiarity: 1. famlliaritas, Cic : 
 V. INTIMACV. Phr.: to be on terms of 
 f. wt(/t, aliquo familiariter uti, Cic. : v. 
 FAMILIAR. 2. In bad sense: licentia: 
 he allowed, nay required, f. of jesting, 
 perraisit, immo e.xegit, Jocandi 1., Suet. 
 Phr.: to be on terms of too great f. 
 with, cum aliqua licentius vivere, Cic. 
 
 familiarize : v. to accustom. 
 
 familiarly: familiariter: to address 
 an unkmi'i n /«/S(»i /., hominem igno- 
 tnm f. conipcllare, PI. : to speak /., f. 
 loqui, Cic. 
 
 family (subs.) .- |. The persons 
 
 cimipising a household: 1, faniTlia 
 (prop, tlie bodii of slares forming the 
 domestic e.<'lablisliment ; but in certain 
 phrases the word is equiv. to the Eng- 
 lish): the head of a /., paterfamilias, or 
 -ae, Cic. : Liv. : so, the female head of a 
 family, materfamilias or -ae, Cic. : Caes. 
 (in tlicse words the declinable part is 
 pater or mater: but the^i-Ji. pi. of fa- 
 inilia Is also used). 2. domus, us, /. 
 (by meton.) : our irhole f. salutes you. 
 d. te nostra tola saluiat, Cic: many 
 noble f.s were put in numming, multae 
 et clarae lugubres domus, Liv. j, J2. 
 P h r. : iiith one's wife and /., cum om- 
 juge et liberis, Cic. : "v. children, hocse- 
 HOLU. II. All who descend from a 
 common ancestor: 1. ftimllia (de- 
 noting the difTcrent branches of a gens, 
 
 veteris prosapiae. Sail. : v. lineage. 
 
 family (a<i;-)- 1. lamiliuris, e : a 
 /. estate, f. fundus, PI. : a f. grief, f. 
 niaeror, PI. : home and f. affairs, res 
 domesticae ac f., Cic: v. domestic. 
 2. gcntilis, e: corresponding to 
 gens: V. FAMILY (II.): /. religious 
 rites, g. sacra, Liv. : /. names, g. no- 
 mlna. Suet. : the f. numument of the 
 Jiomitii. g. raonunifntum iKiiiiltiorum, 
 Suet. : Cic 3. gentilkius (like pre- 
 ced., of which It is strictly an a^^ject. 
 form): Liv.: Veil.: Suet. Phr.: a f. 
 estate, avitus fundus, Hor.: /. secrets, 
 arcan I di.mus, Tac. 
 
 famine : 1. fames, is, /. (hunger 
 or scarcity in uhatever degree) : a severe 
 /., f. mala, Liv.: the f. uhich then pre- 
 vailed in Asia, f quae turn erat in Asia, 
 Cic. : to exjiort com in times of f., fru- 
 nientum in f. exportare, Cic: a year 
 memorable for seditions and /., annus 
 seditionibus, fame, Insignis, Liv. : the 
 soldiers were enduring the extremity of 
 /., milites extremara f. sustontabant, 
 Caes. : to trust to f. for tlie surrender 
 (of a town), deditiouem a f. si>erare, 
 Veg. : to reduce by /., fame in dedi- 
 tiouem accipere, Liv. 2. InOpia 
 (sca7-city of any kind') : in the extre- 
 mity of f, in summa Inopia cibi, or 
 without cibi, Liv.: »7ii7« tlie Hhodians 
 were suffering from /., in Khodiorum 
 inopia et fame, Cic : v. starvation. 
 
 famish (lo *'« "/ l'"nger) : fame 
 necari, Cic ; f. perire, inierire, PI. : 
 
 Cic. : v. TO STARVE. 
 
 famished (^O-)' !• famellcus: 
 wear)) and f., lassus et f., PI. : ./■ Iierds, 
 f. armenta, Juv. 2. <iime cnecius: 
 PI. : Cic. : V. starved. 
 
 famous : 1. clams : v. illl-s- 
 Tuiocs. 2. celeber, bris, bre ((/«ie- 
 rally known or popular): a man J. for 
 his ability, vlr ingenio c, Tac. : /. 
 temples, c. templa. Quint. : must f, 
 and joyous days, celeberrlmi laetissinii- 
 que dies, Cic. : a most f. mimument. 
 ccleberrimum monumentum, Cic. 3. 
 inilTtus (poet.) : v. renowned. 4. 
 nohilis : v. distinguished. Intetis, 
 periiobilis, e : a very ./"., i. e- well- 
 known, epigram, peniobile epigranima, 
 Cic. Phr.: what sludt I first raider 
 f. by satires f quid prius lllustrem sa- 
 "tiris.> lU>r. 
 
 fan (subs.): 1. flabellum: Ter.: 
 l>rop. : his tongue, as it u-ere, a f. of 
 sedition, illius "lingua quasi f. seditionis, 
 Cic. Fl. 2?, 54. Hence, a (,lcmale) 
 stoif who bears a f., flalwllirera. PI. 
 2, vannus, i,/. (af-Jor u innowtvg 
 grain) : to f. or winnow com. grana 
 vannis expurgare. Col. : the symbolical 
 f. of lacchus, mysiica v. lac.hi. Virg. 
 
 fan ('••) ■■ ventilo, 1 : ih summer ht 
 slept with opin doors, nnd <iv-n with a 
 person f.ing him. aeslate apiTtis forllius 
 atque etiara aliquo ventilanle cuUbat. 
 Suet: Mart.: wind f.s the Jiames. 
 ventus incendia v., Sil.: Venus hciself 
 f.s the torch to keep it alive, banc Vanua 
 
 .md implying blood relationship between ut vivat, v Ipsa ff""- ■^'''rf ' .''; !.? 
 . .,'.•'.. , _ ,..„s ,, _ ,../•,■... ^viNNOW. Phr.: to j. the names of 
 
 strife, discord, certamen, disconliani. 
 
 the individual members) : the f.s of the 
 Laelii and the Mucii, Laellorum et Mu- 
 clorum familiae, Cic: belonging to a 
 most noble /., nobilisslma In f. natus, 
 CIc : Sail. 2, cogniitlo (In wide , 
 
 sense ; connexion by bU>od or race) : 
 trit>es and f.s of men, trlbus cognatlo- 
 nesque honiinum. Cues.: one's whole f., 
 totu cognatio, Cic. 3, gens, gentis, ! 
 
 accMid.re, Liv.: v. TO kindle 
 
 fanatic ^ 1.. fS'-a;Jcus: like a 
 
 fanatical \ fanatic smitten with the 
 
 rage, ut fanaliciis oestro percus-sus, .f uv. : 
 
 tlie fanati-al hiyh-priest (of CyMe), f. 
 
 antistes sacrorum, Juv. : (but the I^lln 
 
 word is stronger than the English, and 
 
 J85
 
 FANATICALLY 
 
 PAR AS, AS 
 
 FAREWELL 
 
 implies n kind of frenzy or madri'ss: 
 
 hence, madinan, funatice liuiiio ! Cic). 
 
 2. supers! itlosus: v. sui-eustitious. 
 
 fanatically: ianaike: Apul. 
 
 fanaticism : 1. supersiitio, onis, 
 /. : this is perhaps the nearest word 
 used bv classical aiithurs, but requires 
 qualihcarion: a pestilential f, exitia- 
 bilis s., lac. Ann. 15, 44 (said by liim of 
 Cbrisiianity): a p-iverse f., prava et 
 Inimoilica s., Plin. Kp. 10, 97 (also of 
 Christianity): in the same ep., Pliny 
 speaks of the enthusiasm of the Chris- 
 tians as, pervlcacia et inflexibiis obsti- 
 natio. 2. perh. error f iiiaticus atque 
 Buperstitiosus, furor religiosus, supt-r- 
 stiliosus. 
 
 fancied {o^j.) .- commenticius, fictus : 
 
 V. IMAGINAllY. 
 
 fanciful : ("o exact word) ; a f. 
 man, perh. *liorao (vanis) liruii^inibus, 
 phantiisils, vanis cogiuitimiibus, dedi- 
 tus: or in the sense o( fu-kte, nliimsi- 
 cal, levis, inconstans : v.'cai-bicious. 
 
 fancifully (v. fanch m) : a pnemf. 
 written, perh. *poema veimstis, lepidis, 
 imaginibus omatum, reploium: but the 
 idea cannot be fully expressed by means 
 of the pure classical vucahulary. The 
 word imaginarie occurs in Sidonius ; 
 but in different sense (Kp. 2, 10). 
 
 fancifulness (v. fanciful); a poet 
 remarlca'ile for the f. of his writings, 
 perh. *poeta lepidis, venustis, festivis 
 suis imaginibus (phantasiis) insignia. 
 
 fancy (siibs.) : |, imagination, as 
 a faculty : q. v. ||. The oliject of 
 the facull>/, an idea, conception : 1. 
 spgcies, ei, /. : empt;/ f.s, vanae s., 
 Hor. A. P. 7 : no id' a, or /., can be con- 
 ceived, nulla s. (Ofritari potest, Cic. Div. 
 2, 67, i!2. 2. r'l'i'it^sia (a late word, 
 and written by Cicero with Greek cha- 
 racters, </)a^Trto■t") : a mere /., not a 
 man, ph., non homo, Petr. J8 : Sen. 3. 
 imagiiia io, onis, /. (a rare word) : f.s 
 occurring in sleep, imaginationes in 
 somno, Plin. 10. 7, 26. 4, somnium 
 (contemptuously : a dream) : mere f.s, 
 somnia, I'cr. : like a side man's f.s, 
 velut aegri somnia, Hor. A. P. 7 : v. 
 DREAM. 5. libido, itiis./. (caprice): 
 according to otn's /'., ad libidlnem, ex 
 libidine, Cic. : Sail.: evn the declination 
 of the atoms is inrentid of his mere f, 
 ipsa decliiiatio ad libidlnem fingitur, 
 Cic. : not to obey eren kings save ac- 
 cording to their /., ne reglbiis quidem 
 parere nisi e.\ I., lac 6. piolubiura 
 (a humour or incUnatiyn') : the// take a 
 (. to hear. p. audiendi subit (eos), <iell. 
 "16, 19. (Siinly, Liv. has dulcedo invasit, 
 foil. Ivy gruiid: 5, If.) Phr.: if I hare 
 a f. to do so. si libet, Hor. : v. humouh, 
 caprice. 
 
 fancy (»•)• fingo: ^'- to imagine, 
 conceive. 
 fane : fanum : V. TEMPLE. 
 fang : dens, dentis, to. ; v. TOOTH. 
 Phr : /. of a tooth *denlis radix. 
 
 fanged: 1. dentiltus: V. TOOTHED. 
 2, liipaius: the sliarp-lanyed curb. 
 lupata frena, Hor. 3. *acutis, longis, 
 praelongis, dentibus instructus. 
 
 fangle-s: edentulus: PI. Cas. j, 2, 
 2o; and Most, i, ?, Ii8. Phr.: a f. 
 setpent, 'serpens cui dentes extorti sunt, 
 exciderunt. 
 
 fantastic, fantastical : perh. van- 
 ns : /. imaginations, v. spncii s, Hur. 
 A. P. 7; V. FANCiKOL. Phr.: a f. 
 poem, *poenia meris phantasiis re- 
 fertum: v. fancy (H.). 
 
 far, far off (ad<\ and prep.)-. |. 
 Of space : 1. prociil (lit. before the 
 
 eyes : hence not necessarily implying a 
 great diU/mo : usu. with prep, ab) : 
 not no ■ ./'. off (standing ahiof), hut 
 fcer« present, the gods defend their 
 temples noil .jam p., sed hie praesenies, 
 sua teinpla dii def ndnnt. Cic. : stand f. 
 off {aloof), ye uninitiated, p. este, pro- 
 fani ! Vir;. : t<> be carried a>rayf.from 
 the land, p. a teria abripi, Cic. : to be f. 
 away out of sight, esse p. a conspectu, 
 CSc: V. Di.sTANCK (1., Phr.). Fig.: / 
 am conscious that this fault is f. from 
 me, conscia raihi sum a me culpam banc 
 286 
 
 esse p., Ter. : the men uho are f. from 
 the re/:ollection of this age, viii qui sunt 
 p. ab aetatis hujus memoria, Cic. : /. 
 {aluof)from business, p. negotiis, Hor. 
 2. longe (at a great distance) : 1 
 amf.'ai'ai/, I. absum, Cic: the terri- 
 tories of the .'^antones are not f. from 
 those of the Tohisates, Santonum fines non 
 1. a tolosatium flnibus absuut, Caes. : 
 Io sight future contingencies f. ahead. 
 1. prospicere fuiuros casus, Cic. : / vill 
 not go farther anai/, non longius dis- 
 C'dam, Cic: /. and vide, I. lateque, 
 Cic. : Caes. Fig.: to be rery f. from 
 the truth, longissime abesse a vero, 
 Cic. : / seem to you not to deviate f. 
 from the discoveries of Aristotle, ab 
 Aristotelisinvenlistibiego videor non 1. 
 aberrare, Cic. Phr.: far from it ! mi- 
 nime ! dii meliora ! Cic. : sof. am I from 
 admirivg my oun -norks, .... tliat 
 even Demosthenes does not satisfy me, 
 tantura abest ut nostra miremur, ut 
 nobis non satisfaciat ipse Demosthenes, 
 Cic. Or. 29, 104: tliese vords were so 
 f. from hai'ing any influence on any- 
 body, that the ambassadors itere veil- 
 nigh outraged, haec dicta adeo nihil 
 qiienquam nioverunt, ut legal 1 prope 
 vlolati sint, Liv. j, 2 : the Af, icans and 
 Carthaginians, so f. from sustaining 
 
 the atUic'c fell baek, Afri et Car- 
 
 thagiiiienses adeo non snstinebant, ut 
 
 contra pedem referrent, Liv. jo, J4, 
 
 med. : I have resolved not to touch upon 
 foreign affairs-, except in sof. as they 
 are ccmnected with those of Rome, statui 
 non ultra attingere externa, nisi qua 
 Pomanis cohaerent rebus, Liv. 59, 48, 
 /'«. ; Veil. : he is as f. from observing 
 proper hounds vho falls below his sub- 
 ject as he ivhn goes beyond it, non minus 
 non servat modura qui infra rem dicit 
 quam qui supra, Plin. Kp. i, 20, 20. 
 II. Of degree : 1, longe : /. other- 
 vise, 1. aliter, Cic. : /. the most distin- 
 guished, 1. nobilissimus, Caes. : /. more 
 powerful, 1. potentior, Ov. : 61/ /. the 
 most wealthy stale, 1. opulenlissima 
 civitas, Liv. : as f. as possible different 
 is the principle, longissime diversa est 
 ratio, Cic 2. multo (less strong than 
 lonse) : it is f. letter, m. praestat. Sail. : 
 byf. tlie greatest part, m. maxima pars, 
 Cic. : /. otherufise. m. aliter, Ter. : v. 
 MUCH (ode.). 3. multura (rare and 
 poet.) : /. ttronger than he, m. robustior 
 illo, Juv Phr.: not till the day nas 
 f. spent, multo denique die, Caes. B. G. 
 I, 22, 
 
 far, from: pr6cul: whosevoice sounds 
 from f., cuja vox p. sonat ? PI. (but to 
 express clearly the terminus a quo, ex 
 loiiginquo or some such phrase must 
 be usi'd : to see from f., ex longinquo 
 intueri, Plin. : aconite' kills mice from 
 f. off: aconitum procul et e longinquo 
 mures necat, Plin.). 
 
 , how : 1. quoad ; see now how 
 
 f. he has proceeded more Ojienly than 
 'before, videte nunc quoad apertius fec- 
 erit iter quam antea. Cic. Agr. i, 2, 5. 
 2. quatenus (implying ?!o/arWier) : 
 hmu f. he ought to advance, quatenus 
 progredi debet, Cic. : how f. laughable 
 suhjei-ts are to be harvUed by an orator, 
 must be very carefully considered, qua- 
 tenus sint ridicula tractanda oratori, 
 perquam diligenter videndum est, Cic. 
 df Or. 2, 58, 2J7. 3. quousque (in- 
 lerrog): how f. ought I to descend. 
 quousque degredi debeo i Plin. (For 
 hoiu far. with comp., howf. better, etc.: 
 
 V. HOW MUCH.) 
 
 as. as: 1, t6""s (always 
 
 after the governed word), with abl. ; 
 a"lso gen. (chiefly with the plural) : as 
 
 far as the loins, liimborum t., Cic. : as 
 
 f. as the cities of Corcyra, iirbium C. 
 
 "tenus, Liv. : as f. as the middle of the 
 bod'i, pube t., Virg. : as f. as Mt. 
 Taurus. Tauro t., Cic. 2. quatgnus 
 (adverbially) : as f. as they could go 
 with safety, quatenus tuto ire puterant. 
 I.iv. : Col. 3. usque : with or without 
 ad (adusque, Virg. : Hor.) : to set out as 
 
 far as from the upper sea to Rome, 
 usque a supero mari Romam proficisci. 
 
 Cic. : as /'. as the remotest bounds of the 
 Mast, usque exiremos Orientis terminos. 
 Just. : so of tim/e or succession, as f. 
 back as Kirmuliis, deinceps retro usque 
 ad Romulum. Cic. Rep. I, J7. Phr.: 
 / will assist as f. as I can, adjutabo 
 quod (quoad) potero, Ter. : as f. as de- 
 pends OH me, quod ad me attinet, Cic. : 
 as f. as concerns me, you may snore, 
 per me stertas lUet, Cic. Acad. 2, 29, 9J : 
 as f. as I can remember, ui mea me- 
 moria est, Cic. Alt. ij, 31 : as /. as the 
 eye could reach, quo longissime con- 
 spectum oculi ferebant, Liv. i, 18. 
 
 far, so or thus: 1. haclenus 
 (awl no farther): thus f. vill I wonder 
 at their slowness, h. jidmirabor tardi- 
 tatem eorum, Cic. : olten with ellipsis 
 of verb : thusf to-day : the rest let tis 
 postpone till to-nvniow, in hunc diem 
 liactenus: reliqua differamus in cras- 
 tinum, Cic. Rep. 2, 44, fin. : thus f. 
 Aeacides (spoke), h. Aeacides, Ov. It is 
 sometimes foil, by the correl. ut, quoad, 
 quod : hactenus ut, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 
 119: h. quoad, Cic. Fam. 4, }, TOed. : h. 
 quod, Plin. Ep 9, 15. 2. eatgnus 
 (requiring always a correl., as, quoad, 
 ut [ne]) : civil right they carried out 
 mily so f. as they desired the people to 
 discharge it. civile jus eat. exercuerunt, 
 quoad populum praestare voluerunt, Cic. 
 Leg. I, 4, 14: at first he interfered 
 only so f. as to prevent anything going 
 wrong, primo eat. intt-rveniebat, ne quid 
 perperam fieret. Suet. Tib. Jj : it is also 
 foil, by quatenus: dels. 3. Quadam- 
 tenus (to a certain extent^: it is pos- 
 sible to advance sof., if it it not allowed 
 to go beyond, est quadam prodire tenus, 
 si non datur ultra, Hor. Kp. i, i, }2. 
 
 far-fetched: 1. longerepetitus: 
 /. words, vocabula longe r., Cic. de Or. 
 J, 40, 160 (the comparative would ex- 
 press the meaning more exactly, longius 
 r. ; for in the passage quoted there is no 
 notion of censure ; so, af. ivord, verbum 
 longius ductum, Cic. Brut. 79, 274). 2. 
 arcessitus : care must be taken that an 
 expression be not thought /., cavendum 
 est ne ar. dictum putetur, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 6?, 256: frigid and f. jokes, frigid! et 
 ar. joci. Suet. 3. quaesitus: the orO/- 
 tor will avoid such (witticisms) as are 
 /., and do not arise out of the occasion, 
 vitaMt qiiaesita, nee ex tempore ficta, 
 Cic. Or. 26, 89: af., studied, courtesy, 
 qu. comitas, lac 4. affectatus (af- 
 fected, not coming naturally) : things f. 
 and unnatural, af. et parum naturalia, 
 yuint. II, J, 10. 
 
 farce : mimus (v. Diet. Ant.) : the 
 denouement of the /., mimi exitus, Cic. : 
 to urite f,s, miraos scribere, Ov. : to act 
 a /., m. agere. Suet. Actcn- or actress 
 in a /., mimus, mima (mimila), Cic. : 
 Hor. Fig.: the f. of human life. v\ta.e 
 mimus. Sen. : the f. of commendation, 
 conimendationis m., PI. 
 
 farcical : mimicus : a f. jest, jocus 
 m., Cic. : /. things, res m., Plin. : v. also 
 
 RIDICULOUS. 
 
 farcically : mimice : Cat. : fart. : 
 
 V. RIDICULOUSLY. 
 
 farcy (fl disease in ho)-ses and other 
 animals, of the nature of mange) : far- 
 ciniinum : Veg. Vet 
 
 fare («■)•■ originally = <o go (nearly 
 obs. : " so on he fares," Milt.), hence to 
 be going on, well or ill : Phr.: hoxv f.t 
 it with you, quid agis ? PI (v. to do, 
 IV.) : Hor. : kow f.d you at Nasidie' 
 nus's dinner-party, ut Nasidieni juvit 
 te coena ? Hor. : if it had f.d ill with 
 him, si male cesserai, Hor. (v. To suc- 
 ceed) : / am faring irell, bene habemus 
 tios, Cic. : it f.s ill with the poor when 
 he apes the rich, inops potentem dum 
 vult iinitari, pent, Phaedr. i, 24: less 
 strong, humilt s laborant, ubi, etc., ib. }0. 
 
 fare (subs.) .- |. Food : cibus : v. 
 
 FOOD. Phr.: vei'y nice f, suaves rea, 
 Hor. II. Money paid for journeying : 
 1. vectura : PI. : .Sen. 2. naulum 
 (only of fares by nater) : Juv. |||, 
 A person conveyed in a vehicle : vector : 
 Cic: Virg.; v. passenger. 
 
 farewell : 1. ave (lateT irt).
 
 FARM 
 
 FASCINATION 
 
 FASHION 
 
 STStS, p/. S.v5te (rare) t at the end of a 
 letter, Sail. Cat. jj: Suet.: of the part- 
 ing salutation of the dead. In perpiluum 
 frater ave atque vale ! Cai. 2. ^ale 
 
 (v&ie), or bi-lore a vowel, valfias, etc. : 
 oiten at Itw. end n/ a k'.tcr : Cic: Piin.: 
 to bid one ./., valere jubere, diccre. Cic. : 
 / salntejl him ; a/lemards Um I bade 
 him /'., illuui salutavi, [Hist .tiaiii jussi 
 valere, Cic. Like " farewell," vale may 
 be used as a subs. : tu san the sad /., 
 dicere triste vale. Ov. 3. salve, etc. : 
 farenell for ever, great I'ullat.Jor eit;r 
 '/.. salve acternum nilhi. nia.\ime I'allas, 
 aeteriiuraque vale ! VirK. (I!ul wilvc 
 was strictly the muriiing salutalion, 
 used oil meeting lri>iids : vale the even- 
 ing and parting one.) I'hr. : I will bid 
 a long/, to the Jonim and senate-house, 
 ego vero multaiii salntem foro dlcani et 
 curiae, Cic. Fam. ■;, j? : I bid i/ou f. be- 
 fore I go, saluto le prlusciuam eo, PI.: 
 
 V. TO SALUTE. 
 
 farm i.subst.) -. l. fundus: the 
 
 produce and cultivation of a _/"., fundi 
 fructus et cultura, Cic. : my /., f. mens, 
 Hor. : the word fundus included both 
 house and larui : ager cum aedificio 
 fundus dicitur, Florenl. Dig. : v. rstati-;. 
 2. praedium (rusticum) : Inmin., 
 praediolum : v. i^stati; 3. "Ker, 
 
 cri, m. {any lanl): my .s'abtne /.. ager 
 Sabinus, Hor. Dimin., agellus: poor 
 and owning but a meagre little /'., 
 macro pauper agello, Hor. 4. ru^, 
 
 runs, n. (poet.): admire large f.s, till 
 a small one, laudato ingenMa rura. e.\- 
 iguuin colito, Virg. : ones patemtil f., 
 paternum r., p. rura, Hor. : friiin my 
 own f. adjoining. e.\ meo propinqno 
 rure, Ter. 5. aratlo (prop, a porti 'ii 
 of public land, esp. in a province -. n. 
 Cic. Verr. j. 98, eitr.); this man rented 
 targe f.s, is arationes magnas conductas 
 habebat, Cic. I'hr.: a /. /lOUse, villa: 
 Col. : Cat. : o small f. house, villiila : 
 Cic: o/. /a/(oui-(T,c<sronus, Virg. : Cic: 
 belonging to af.-house. villaticus. ('ol. 
 
 farm («■) •• I. ''" <«'" ■ 1. cOio, 
 
 t : v. to cultivate. 2. iro, i : thy 
 Roman citizens who f. in .•airily, rives 
 R. qui arant in Sicilia, Cic. : Virg. 
 II, To rent, hire : 1, conduco, .\i, 
 ctum, J : to f. the taxes, vectigalia c, 
 Cic. 2. rediniu, eml, enip um, j : 
 
 to f. the customs, portoria r., Caes. : 
 Cic. III. To lease or Irt : 16co, 1 : to 
 J', out the dues, portoriuin locarc (opp. 
 to conducere, to crmtract for them), Cic. 
 Inv. I, }o, 41 : v. to contkact. 
 
 farmer : I. -^ cuitimior of the 
 
 soil: 1. agrici51a: Cic: Virg. 2. 
 cOlonus: Cato: Cic. 3. araior: Cic: 
 Hor. II. A hirer, contractor : q. v. 
 
 Ph r. : a f. of the public revenues, pub- 
 licanus: Cic : I.iv. 
 
 farming (.subs.)-. \. Tlie cultiva- 
 tion of the soil : 1. agricultura : Cic. : 
 Caes. 2. (i" widest sense) res rus- 
 licae: Cic: Cato: v. agrichlture. 
 II. A hiring, taking on lease : 1. 
 fX)nductio : a f. of the taxes, c. vectiga- 
 llum, Liv. 2. redemplio: Cic. It 
 may often be e.xpressed by a participle : 
 to get rich by f. the rereniies, *condu- 
 tendis, redimendis. vectigalibus divitlas 
 comparare : v. contract. 
 
 farrago : prop, a Lat-.n word (far- 
 rago, inis, /), Ixirrowed fiipin .fuv. i, 
 86, the f. (inedUy. hodge-jxKlge) of my 
 cittle book, nostri f. lihclli. I'hr.: /. 
 of words, inconditji verbunini caterva, 
 Sell. : perh. sartago, inis, /. : v. Pers. 
 I, 80. 
 
 farrier ; 1. vSterinarius : svell- 
 
 tngs on the tongue which f.s call .frogs, 
 incremt'iita linguae qu:is v. ran.is vocant, 
 Col. 2. mCdlcus equarius. \'al. Max. 
 
 farriery : m6dicina ' veterlnaria : 
 skilled in f., vet. medicinae prudens. 
 Col. 
 
 farrow ("■) •■ i- e. to bring forth (q. v.) ; 
 need only of swine : piiriu, ;. Phr.: a 
 sow thai has just f.'d, feta sus. Virg. 
 
 farther : I. As adj. .- ulterior, 
 
 iU8 : the f. harbour, ult. ixirtus. Caes.: 
 the f. bank, ult. rlpa, Virg. : /. G'aul, 
 Gallia ult., Cic: Caes. Phr.: on the 
 
 nearer and f. sidt of the I'o. cis Padum 
 ultraque, Liv. : on the nearer or f. side 
 of the boundaries, ultra citraque fines, 
 Hor. : V. also fuktheb. ||. As adv. : 
 
 1. longius : / will not go f. away, 
 non 1. discedam, Cic. : v. far. 2. 
 ultra (to a further point : usu. foil, by 
 qiiam): he advances no f. than into the 
 territory of the Ilernici, non u. quam 
 in Hernicos procedit, Liv. }, 8: Cic. 
 
 3. ultCrlus (like preced.) : to ad- 
 vame f., ulterlus procedere, Quint. 
 
 farthest: I. As wij.: i. ui- 
 
 llnius (often = farthest part of) : the f. 
 regions of sea and land, ult. liiaris ler- 
 larumqiie orae. Liv. : in the f. part of 
 the hodse, in ult. aedibns. Pi. : /. Hes- 
 peria, ult Hfspi-ria. Hor. . death is the 
 f. boundary line of all things, mors est 
 ult. linea renim. Hor. : the sky is the 
 last and f. part if the norld, coelum 
 e.xtremum atque ult. mundl est, Cic. 
 
 2. extreiiiiis (extinius): in the f. 
 part (f < apiHulucia, in extr. Cappadocia, 
 Cic: the f. parts of Africa, extrema 
 Africae, Plin. ||.' As adv. : ioiigls- 
 Sinie : v. fab. 
 
 farthing: I. L't: the fourth 
 
 part of a coin or sum : qiiadrans, ntis, 
 m. (fourth part of an as) : to bathe for 
 a /.. quadrante lavare, Hor. : / have not 
 a single f. in my chest, q. milii nullus 
 est in area, Mart ||. In gen. sense • 
 an insignificant sum: 1, as, assis. 
 m. : what is not wanted is dear at a /., 
 quod non opus est, asse cariim est, Cato 
 in Sen. Ep. 94, 28 : he had lost his prize- 
 moneii to the last /., viatica ad assem 
 perdiderat. Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 2-;. 2. t6r- 
 unclus, i, m. (prop, three ounces, a quar- 
 ter of an as) -. they are not put to a 
 single f.'s expense about anybody, nullus 
 ter. insumitur in quenquam, Cic. : not a 
 man has fingered a f. of my spoils, de 
 praeda mea ter. non attigit quis(iuam, \ 
 Cic. Fain. 2, 5, 11. 3. libella (dimin. 
 of libra ^as): uhowould hare given Vol- 
 catius a single f. ! quis vnam Volcatio 
 libellain dedisset.' Cic. VeiT. 2, 10, 26. 
 4. raudusculiim (a small copper 
 coin : rare) : nor do I care a f. for it, 
 nee mehercule me raudusculuni movet, 
 Cic. Att. 14, 15, ad fin. 5. nummus 
 (numus), m. (not used in cnnti mptumis 
 sense) : it agrees to a /., ad n. convenit, 
 Cic. (= ad assent, Hor. : Plin. Kp. ; ad 
 libellam, Cic). Phr.: not to care a f. 
 for gossip, nimores omnes unlus assis 
 aestimare, Cat.: not to coj-e af.for the 
 whole commonwealth, totara remp. non 
 flocci facere, Cic. 
 
 fasces : a Latin word, fasces, ium, 
 m. : the lictors went before irith the tn-o 
 /"., anteiliant lictores cum duobus fasci- 
 bus, Cic. : the f. are carried before the 
 praetors, f. praetoribus praeferuntur, 
 Cic. : to lower thef. before the people, f. de- 
 mittere, summittere, populo, Cic. : Liv. : 
 /. decked with laurel, f. laureati, Oic. 
 
 fascinate : I. To bewitch u-ith an 
 evil eye : 1. fascino, I : / know not 
 ii-hat eye f.s my tender lambs, nescio 
 quis teneros milii fascinet agnos, Virg. 
 2. effascino: Plin.: Cell. ||. To 
 charm, captivate : 1. capio. cepi, 
 
 captum, 3: Join: capere ac delenire, 
 Cic. : V. TO charm. 2. tCneo, ui, 
 ntum, 2 (to keep in a state of attention, 
 to absorb) : esp. in pass. : the eyes are 
 f.d by paitiling, the ears by songs, oculi 
 plctura. tenentur aures cantihus, Cic. • 
 to be f.d by pomp, games, a nd sjiectacles 
 of that kind, pinnpa, ludis, atque ejus- 
 modi spectaculis tencri, Cic. 3. ''§■ 
 lenio, 4 (usu. in bad si'iise) : tof. one by 
 the seductions of pleasure, aliquem blan- 
 ditiis volnptatiini d., Cic. 
 
 fascinating (adj.) : no IjHtin word 
 exactly equivalent. Phr.:/. strains, 
 •carmina quibus aures capi:intur; "car- 
 mina suavissiina. mira duUedine: a f. 
 woman, mulier f<)rnlosis^inla, venustis- 
 sima: /. vices, vUia blandlentia, Tac : 
 
 V. CHARMING. 
 
 fascination: I. I-'t-: fascinatio. 
 effasiiniitlo: I'lin. ||. Fig., esp. in 
 pi., charms : 1. dulcedo. inis./. (na- 
 tural sweetness) : to be .fmitteii by the f. 
 
 of honour and riches, honoris el pei uniae 
 dulcedlne capi. Cic. I'ani. i;, 28. hmL: 
 to be moved by the f. of glory, gluriae d. 
 commoveri, Cic. Arch. 10, 24. 2. 
 blanditla, blandiinentuin (of that fhich 
 1CI7/J upon the senses): boih nsu. \u pi : 
 corrupted fcy the f.s of pleasure. corTuptl 
 blanditiis volupiatum, Cic : eaptiixited 
 by no f.s, nullis blandimentis captus, 
 Plin. Kp. 3. illecebrae, arum (entice- 
 ments : usu. in bad sense) : tlir f.s of 
 vice, il. malorum. Cic. : the _/.« of air- 
 ruptiun, cornipielarum 11.. Cic: virtue 
 ought to attract you by her on n f.s to 
 true glory, suis le opurtel il Ipsa virtus 
 irahal ad veruin decus, Cic. Kep. 6. 2J. 
 4. deleninienta. onim (usu. in Imd 
 sense): Die f.s of vice, d. vliloruni. Tac. 
 Agr. 21 : V. CHARMS. 5. leuocliiia, 
 
 orum (only in bad ^ense) : to sui lender 
 oneself to (hef.s of sensuality, se ciipidi- 
 tatuni lenoclniisdedere,CicSexL66. 1 j8. 
 fascine: 1. era es, is./. .- to cover 
 xi-ithf.s, cralilius consl.nier<-,Caes. 2. 
 fascina : v. faoot. 3. virgarura. sar- 
 mentorum, strameniorum, fascis: Viey 
 placed J.S in front of the line, I. slra- 
 meniorum atque virguliorum ante aciem 
 collocaveruiit, Hirl. B. (j. 4. sar- 
 inentum, virgultum, in pi. : they col- 
 lected bundles of brushn ood (for fat- 
 ci.nes) to fdl the trenches with, sarmenta 
 et virgulta coUegerunt, quibus lossas 
 complerent, Caes. 
 
 fashion (subs.) : \. .shape, form : 
 q. v. II, FrevaiUng cuttom : 1. 
 mos, moris, m. ; he suiil it uas not the 
 f. of the Greeks, mgavit moris esse 
 Graecorum, Cic. : the old f. keeps its 
 ground, raos antlquus manet, Cic; to 
 drink after the Greek f., Graeco more 
 bibere, Cic: to bring a thing into f., in 
 (nostros) mores, in morem, inducere, per- 
 ducere, Cic. : to come into f.. in morem 
 venire, Liv. : Ov. : after thef., ex more, 
 de more, more, nn re homiimm, 11.: 
 Ter. : Virg. : to seek honour for infamy 
 is now the /., petere honorem pro fla- 
 gitio, more fit, I'l. 2. cun-'Ueliido 
 (denoting a less permanmt usage): v. 
 CUSTOM. 3. ritus, us. m. (relerring 
 strictly to religious cuslomf) : esp. in 
 phr. after the f. (= manner) of, ritu : 
 after the f. of brutes. mienirnpe<\m\\ rliu, 
 l-ucr. ; pecudum r., Cic. : ofler the f. of 
 young men, juvenum r., Hor. 4. secu- 
 liim (" the age " : n ith its fashions) : 
 no one there laughs at ibices, nor are se- 
 ducing and being seduied called thef., 
 nemo illic villa ridel, nee corriimperc et 
 corrumpi sec vocatur, Tac. Oer. 19* 
 not yet had that disregard of the gods 
 which is now the /., toHie in, nondum 
 hacc, quae nunc tenet s., negligenlfa deum 
 venerat, Liv. j, 20, med. Phi.: it is 
 my f. to talk nonsense, soleo nugas gar- 
 rire, PI. : you should not use these words 
 if you cart help it; by that means they 
 irill go otit iff., his verbis up>rtel. si 
 possis, non uti ; sic enim oK^olesient, 
 Varr. 9 (8), 10: he was dressed quite 
 out of the /., obsoletius vesiiius lull, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, s8. 152: many w rds 
 have gone out of f., multa cecidenint 
 verba. Hor. A. P". 70: skin clothing fell 
 into contempt, went out off., pellis ce- 
 cidit vestis coniempta ferina. Liicr. 5. 
 1 41';: a ]>erson off., v\t ehgaiis, Cic 
 Fin. 2. 8, 2}. 
 
 fashion (i')- 1. fabreRcio, fSci. 
 factum. J (to emploi/ n-orkmanship upon : 
 chieflv in p. part.) : sUnrand (*r<i.^« i,skil- 
 fiilli/j f.'d, argentum aesque fabrelact- 
 "um, Liv. : a liowl f.'d ofdiiremit metal- 
 lic materials, lan'x ex diversis meUilliclS 
 maleriis fabrefacta, Animian. Fig.' 
 this trick has bfiii f.'d by us, haec est 
 fabrefacta a nobis fallacia. PI. 2. fab- 
 rico, fabricor. i (to frame, shafy) tht 
 pouerwhiclif.'d man, vis qua.- fabric.ita 
 est hominem". Cic philosophy fonns and 
 f.s the mind, philosophia aninium lomiat 
 et labricat. Sen. Kp. 16. }. 3. eflingo. 
 nxi. clum. ? (to form a figure, an 
 image) : to f. the 'beauty of the Coan 
 \>nus. Veneris Coae pulchritudim m 
 eff., Cic. : to f. the images of the god* 
 after the appearances of men, deun 
 287
 
 FASHIONABLE 
 
 FASTIDIOUS 
 
 FAT 
 
 imugines in species horainum eff., Tac. 
 H. 5,5. P h r. : you vyill be able to f. 
 anything you like out of the wet clay, 
 argilla quidvis imitaberis uda, Hor. Ep. 
 
 2, J, 8 : V. TO MOULD, FORM. 
 
 fashionable : 1. expr. by phr., it 
 is f., etc.: moris est, more fit, etc.: v. 
 FASHION. 2. elfigans, ntis : dainty, 
 /., men (exquisites), mundi, elegantes, 
 Clc, Fin. 2, 8, 2 J. Phr.: to be f. in 
 dress a7id diet, cultum victumque ad 
 nova exempla compoiiere. Sen. 
 
 fashionably : 1. a<i morem, ex 
 (de) more : v. fashion. 2. perh. el6g- 
 anter : v. elegantly. 
 
 fast (adj-) ■■ i- e. firm (q. v.) : chiefly 
 in special phrases : /. ./ riends, firmi 
 amici, PI. ; firmi et stabiles et constantes 
 aniicl, Cic. Am. !■;, 62 : /. colours, perh. 
 stabiles colores: v. to fasten; make 
 
 FIRM. 
 
 fast, make : 1. firmo, confirmo, 
 
 I : V. FASTEN, MAKE FIRM. 2. OCCludo, 
 
 si, sum, } (to shut, lock up) : to make 
 f. a house iL'ith bolts, aedes pessulis, 
 repagulis oc, PI. : to make f. a door 
 urith a keij, clave oc ostium, PI. : a 
 door that has been made very /., ostium 
 occlusisslmum. PI. ; v. to shdt, lock. 
 
 fast (adv.) ; firmiter, diligenter ; cel- 
 griter : v. firmly ; swiftly. 
 
 fast (!'•) ■■ ti) abstain from food : 1, 
 jejiinus sum : / had f.'d so completely 
 for two days as not even to taste water, 
 biduum ita jejunus fueram, ut ne aquam 
 quidem gustarem, Cic. Fam. 7, 26 : a 
 stomach tliat seldom f.s, loathes homely 
 fare, raro jejunus stomacbus vulgaria 
 temnlt, Hor. S. 2, 2, J8. 2. jejiino, i 
 (unclassical) : Hier. : Tert. 3. JPju- 
 nium servo : used of special leliyious 
 observance : no Jew f.s so scrupulously 
 on his sabbaths c^s / hare done on this, 
 ne Judaeus quidem tam diligenter sab- 
 batis jejunium s., quam ego hodie ser- 
 vavi. Suet. Aug. 76. 4. abstiiieo, ui, 
 tentum, 2 : (properly, with abl. ex- 
 pressed) : the patient ought to f. the day 
 before, that he may be fit for such a 
 treatment, pridie abs. debet aeger, ut 
 aptus tali curationi sit, Cels. (not so in 
 Cic.) : more fully, aqua clboque abs., Col. 
 
 fast (subs.) : jejilniuni : to break a /., 
 j. solvere, Cic. : those, long f.s subdue, 
 with scanty food, illos longa domant 
 iiiopi J. victu, Ov. : to appoint a f. in 
 honour of Ceres, j. Cereri instiiuere, 
 Liv. : to declare a f., j. indicere, Hor. : 
 
 v. FASTING. 
 
 fasten : 1. figo. ^'. x"m. 5 : to f. 
 
 with a beam-like tuxil, i. e. immovably. 
 clavo trabali f., Cic. Verr. 5, 21, 5J : v. 
 TO FIX. 2. apto, I (to put close to) : 
 V. TO FIT, ADJUST. 3. aniiecto, J : v. 
 TO FASTEN. 4. rgvlucio, nxi, nctum, 
 4 (to fasten back, so as not to be forceil 
 away) : the anchors were f.'d u-ith iron 
 chains, ancorae ferreis catenis revinctae 
 sunt, Caes. : the beams are f.'d on the 
 inner side, revinciuntur trabes introrsus, 
 Caes. 5. alligo, i : v. to tie, tether. 
 6. deligo, I (to fasten to somepoiid 
 or place): to f. a boat to a bank, nnvi- 
 cnlum ad ripam d., Caes. : to f. a letter 
 to a thong, epistokim ad amentum d., 
 Caes. : to f. a man's beak to the table 
 (facete), apud mensam liumiiii rostrum 
 d., PI. ileu. I, I, 1 J. 7. defigo, j : v. 
 loll. art. 
 
 down : 1. defigo, xi, xum, 
 
 J : to f. down beams, tigna d., Caes. 
 Also to f . in a particular spot : a jave- 
 lin f.s itself in the belt of Pulfio, Pul- 
 fioni verutum in pectus defigitur, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 44. 2. deslino, i : to f. 
 rafts down (moor them) with anchors, 
 rates ancoris d., Caes. B. C. i, 25. Also 
 like defigo (v. supr) : ropes f.'d the 
 sailyards to the masts, funes antennas 
 ad males destinabant, Caes. B. G. j, 14. 
 
 on : V. (fasten) upon. 
 
 to : 1. aBigo, J (with ad and 
 
 ace. or dat.): Prometheus f.'d to Cau- 
 casus. Prometheus Caucaso affixus, Cic. : 
 lie f.'d the man to the ground by the 
 /mint of his spear, hominem cuspide ad 
 terram affi.vlt, Liv. 2. anueclo, xui, 
 ium, J (by tying ; whereas aflSgo is to 
 288 
 
 f. by nails, rivets, etc. : same constr. as 
 preced.) : the raft was f.'d to it by 
 7neans of chains, aunexa ratis erat vin- 
 culis, Liv. : Cic. : v. to join to. 3. 
 alligo, I (by binding) : to f. to the stake, 
 ad palum al., Cic. 4. applico. cui, 
 citum, 1 : v. to attach to. 5. ilUgo, 
 I : ploughs f.'d to heifers, illigata aratra 
 Juvencis, Hor. . he had skill in f.ing 
 figures on golden cups, erablemata scite 
 in aureis poculis illigabat, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 24, 54. 6. impingo, pegi, pactum, j 
 (by striking or any violent means) : to 
 f. fetters on a man, compedos alicui 
 Imp., PI. 7. (in pass., or when there 
 is a reflect, pron.) haereo, si, sum, 2 : 
 the ladders are f.'d to the walls, haerent 
 parietibus scalae, Virg. : to be f.'d down 
 by roots, radicibus h., Virg. : a bone hav- 
 ing f.'d itself in the throat of a wolf, os 
 fauce quum haereret lupi, Phaedr. 
 Similarly, adhaereo (with dat. or in 
 and abl.) : Cic. 
 
 fasten together : 1. configo, xi, 
 
 xum, } (cf. preced. art. 2) : the cioss- 
 beams were f.'d togetlier vnth nails, 
 transtra ferreis clavis confixa sunt, 
 Caes. 2. connect©, xui, xum, } : v. 
 to join together. 3. consero, ui, 
 rtum, J (usu. to arrange in order to- 
 gether) : a mantle f.'d together by a 
 clasp, sagulum fibula consertum, 'I'ac. 
 4. coUigo, I (as by tying) : shields 
 f.'d together by a single blow of the 
 javelins, scuta uno ictu telorum col- 
 ligata, Caes. 5. compingo, pegi, pac- 
 tum, ) (with firmness aiui compactness): 
 buildings firmly f.'d together, aedificia 
 conipacta, Sen.: with beams firmly f:'d 
 together, trabibus compactis, Virg. 
 
 UP ; obtiiro, i (as a door) : to 
 
 f. up tlie ears (refuse to hear), aures ob., 
 Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 105 : Varr. 
 
 upon: I. Tb niaA^e one thing 
 
 fast upon another : 1, ofligo, j : to 
 f. the feet upon (a cross), pedes of., PI. : 
 Liv. a, 5, med. 2. obfigo, 1 (with 
 ace. and dat.) : to f. a graft with bark, 
 libro surculum obi., PI. (more usu. of 
 binding up wounds, or in fig. sense, to 
 bri7ig under obligation) : v. to bind vv. 
 3, illigo, affigo. etc.: v. to fasten 
 to. II. Fig.: To bring upon: Phr.: 
 to f. ignominy upon a dead man, mor- 
 tuum ignoniinia afficere, Cic. Rose. A. 
 39, 1 U : to f. thai stain upon the Clau- 
 dian family, earn maculara Claudiae 
 genti inurere, Liv. j, 58 : simly, alicui 
 probrum, labem, infamiam turpi tudinis 
 inferre, Cic. : v. to bring upon. |||, 
 In trans.: to attack with violeiwe : 
 1. arripio, ripui, reptum, 5 (to 
 snatch at, seize upon) : to f. upon any 
 one with the teeth, aliquem mordicus 
 ar., PI. : the inflammation stealing over 
 the body, scorches vhatever part it f.s 
 upon, ignis corpore serpens urit quam- 
 cunque arripuit partem, Lucr. 6, 662. 
 2. incesso, ivi, itum, } (to attack) : 
 to f. iHth spiteful fingers on the face 
 and eyes, infestis digitis ora et oculos 
 inc., .Suet. Cal. 2;, extr. 3, haereo, 
 si, .'•um, J : let your fist straightway f. 
 on his cheek, pugnus continuo in mala 
 haereat, Ter. Ad. 2, i, 17: to/, on (its 
 prey) with talons, unguibus haerere, Virg. 
 Aen. II, 752. 
 
 fastening (subs.): 1. vinciilum, 
 often 2)1. (any kind of tie or bond, q. v.) ; 
 to loosen thef. of a letter, epistohie viu- 
 cula 1., Nep. Paus. 4: Ov. : there is 
 more than one kind of f. for a graft, 
 vinculi genus ad insitionem non unum 
 est. Col. 4, 29. ad fin. 2. claustra, 
 oruni, n. pi. (of doors, windows, etc.) : to 
 wrench away the f.s, c. revellere, Cic. : 
 to loosen or undo them, c. laxare, Virg. : 
 v. bolt, bar. 3. pmenlum (a thong, 
 a tie): slippers w-ithout any f., soleae 
 sine a., Plin. 34, 6, 14 (for the f. (/ 
 dress in general, v. buckle, clasp). 
 4. copiila (esp. a leash for ani- 
 mals) ; PI. 
 
 fastidious : 1. delicatus : /. ears. 
 d. aures, Quint, j, 1, }. 2. elegans, 
 ntis : ho, ho, how f. he is, heja ut e. 
 est ! Ter. : you know uhat a f. judge 
 of beauty I am, nostl me quam e. fur- 
 
 marum spectator sieno, Ter. Eun. j, 5, 
 18. (The word elegans was originally 
 used in good sense only, and so occurs 
 contiinially in Cic.) 3. fastidiosus 
 (cf. Cic. Br. 57, 207): the emtremely f. 
 sense of hearing, fastidiosissimus atirium 
 sensus, Auct. Her. 4, 2j, J2 : v. squeam- 
 ish. 4, morosus (not so used in Cic.) : 
 somewhat f. about his person, circa cor- 
 poris curam morosior. Suet. Caes. 45. 
 5. superbus : a /., dainty, tooth, s. 
 dens, Hor.: ears ivhose jiuigment is 
 very /., aures quorum est judicium su- 
 perbissimum, Cic. Or. 4.}, 150 : v. 
 
 DAINTY. 
 
 fastidiously : 1. fastidiose : to 
 judge carefully and alnwstf., diligenter 
 et prope 1. judicare, Cic. 2. morose 
 (V. AFFECT K.DLY) : he weighed mostf. the 
 final judgments of his friends respecting 
 him, amicorum suprema judicia moro- 
 sisslme pensitavit. Suet. Aug. 66. 
 
 fastidiousness : 1. eiegantia 
 (rare in this sense): / am tormented 
 with the fear that his f. riHU scorii my 
 charms, metus me lacerat, ne ejus el. 
 meani speciem spernat, PI. 2. fasti- 
 dium : to be altogether unacquainted 
 with our ou-n poets is a mark either of 
 the most dainty /., or etc., rudem esse 
 omnino in nostris poetis est aut f. deli- 
 catissimi aut . . ., Cic. Fin. i, 2, 5 : to 
 endure the f. of a disdainful spectator. 
 spectatoris fastidia ferre superbi, Hor. 
 Ep. 2, I, 215. 3. morositas: by affec- 
 tation and over-f. he obscured his style, 
 affectation>^ et m. nimia obscurabat 
 siilum, Suet. Tib. 70. 
 
 fasting (subs.) : 1. Jejiinium (esp. 
 in religious sense) : v. fast. Phr.: (a 
 book) on /., de jejuniis, Tert. 2. 
 ingdia : killed by uant of sleep and /., 
 vigiliis et in. necatus, Cic. : to commit 
 suicide by /., media vitam finire, Plin. 
 Ep. }, 7, I. 3. abstineniia: to alle- 
 viate a fever by rest and /., febrem 
 quiete et abs. mitigare, yuint. : to com- 
 mit suicide by /., vitam abstineutia 
 finire, I'ac. Ann. 4, 35. 
 
 fasting (adj.): 1. jejunus: /. 
 
 and tired bodies, j. et fessa corpora, 
 Liv. : a f. stomach, J. stomacbus, Hor. : 
 / had been /., j. fueram, Cic. 2. im- 
 pransus, i. e., without having taken 
 breakfast: here f. (before you have 
 broken fast) study vith me, hie mecum 
 impr. disquirite, Hor. S. 2, 2, 7 : up- 
 braided by the voice of the f. teacher, 
 impr. voce correptus magistri. Hor. S. 
 2, j, 257. In both these cases the word 
 means temperately fed, rather than 
 nr\cx\y fasting. 
 
 fastness : arx, locus munitus s. 
 munitlor : v. fortress, stronghold. 
 
 fat (ad?-) •• 1. pinguis, e (most 
 gen. term) : to make a hen /., p. facere 
 gallinam. Col. : a fatter lamb, pinguior 
 agnus, PI. : af. soil, p. solum, Virg. (v. 
 rich) : you vnll see mef. and sleek and 
 altogetlier in good condition, me p. et 
 nilidum bene curata cute vises, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 4, extr. Very /., praepinguis, 
 Virg.: Plin. 2. obesus (only of the 
 body) : a f. thrush, ob. turdus, Hor. : a 
 body neither thin nor /., corpus neque 
 gracile neque ob., Cels. : a very f. 
 paunch, obesissimus venter, Plin. : v 
 corpulent. 3. nitldus : v. sleek. 
 Phr.: to proiy ./'., pinguesco. crassesco, 
 j : wasted cattle btcome f. on clover 
 emaciatum armentum medica pingues- 
 cit, Col. : swine grow f., crassescunt sues, 
 Plin. : also glisco, i : the ass groivs f. 
 on cliaff, gliscit asinus paleis. Col. 7, i. 
 
 fat (subs.) : 1. adeps, ipis, m. 
 
 (solid fat, without fleshy matter): hog's, 
 bear's, fox's /., a. suillus, ursinus, vul- 
 pinus, Varr. : Plin. : the f. of all ani- 
 mals is void of feeling, a. cunctls sine 
 sensu, Plin. 11, 37, 85: also found in 
 pi. : to remove the f. from a man's body 
 (by amputation), adipes alicui detrahere, 
 Plin. 1. c. Fig. : / saw that I had not 
 to dread the drowsiness of I.entulus or 
 thef. (stolidity) of CcLssius, providebam 
 milii nee Lepidi somnum, nee Cassii 
 adipem esse pertimescendam, Cic Cat. i, 
 7. 16. 3, sSbuiQ or sevum (a harder
 
 PAT 
 
 FATHER 
 
 FATIGUED 
 
 kind of fat ; suet) : Vie f. of homed 
 animals is set>um, that of homUit ones 
 adeps, comipera silw pingucscunt, non 
 cornigera, adipe, I'lln. ii, JV, 8; : to get 
 a hailing of f. {tallow) oat 0/ (fig.), s. 
 excoquere, Fi. 3. pingue. Is, n. {of 
 a more Jleshy kind than adeps or se- 
 vum): thiy take all possible care to 
 tueli {the stallions) with firm f. (1. e. 
 not loose or Jlabby), omnes linpendunt 
 curas deiiso dlsiendere pingul, Vlrg. G. 
 }, 1x4 : /. of bulls, liims, and panthers, 
 taurorum, Icoinini, ac paiitlieraruni pin- 
 guia, I'liri. 4. pinguitudo, piiiguedo, 
 Inis, /. (= prpccd. rare): in most ani- 
 mals the f. is xnthout feeling, plerisque 
 animalium est pinguiludo sine sensu, 
 PUn. II, j-7,85 : V. FATNESS. 5. arvina 
 (a rare word): Vtey smear their bright 
 arrows xcith f. {grease), spicula lucida 
 tergent a. pingul, Virg. Acn. 7. 627. 
 6- laridum or lardiira : v. bacon. 
 
 fat ("• tr.) : V. FATTKN. 
 
 fatal: I. Destined: fatalls, e: v. 
 FATED. II. Catising death, mortal, 
 
 destructive: 1, falaiis, e: a /. jave- 
 lin, ueapon, spear, f. Jaculum, teluni, 
 basta, Ov. : Virg.: v. mortal. 2. 
 exltiabllis or exitialis, e : v. df-STRCC- 
 TIVB, DE/VDi-T. 3. fuiiestus (siroiigef 
 thanpreced.: laden vith death) : resen-ed 
 for his f. axe, ad ejus f. seciirim sorvati, 
 Cic Verr. 5,47, I2J: a /. night for us, 
 nox f. nobis, Cic. Fl. 41, 10?. 4. 
 funebris, e (chiefly poet.: strictly, be- 
 longing to funerals), a f. disease, f. 
 malum, I'lin. : /. war, f. bellutn, Hor. 
 5. fatifer, gra. Cram (poet.): /. 
 bow, sword, f. arcus, ferrum, Virg. : Ov. 
 P h r. : an ambassador whose commis- 
 tion liad proved f. to him, cui legatio 
 Ipsamorll fuisset, Cic. Plill. 9, i, J: the 
 greedy sea is f. to Vie sailor, exilio est 
 avidum mare nautis, Hur. Od. I, 28, 18 : 
 '.hat day shall jirm-e f. to ns both, ille 
 Jies utramque ducet ruinam, Hor. Od. 
 2, 17, 8. 
 
 fatalism: no exact word: Phr.: 
 you avow yourself a fatalist, avow your 
 belief in /., omnia quae fiunt, quaeque 
 futura sunt, ex onini aetemitate defi- 
 nita dicis esse fataliter; or, dicis omnia 
 quae fiunt futurave sunt fato contineri 
 (fieri), Cic. Div. 2, 7, 19. 20: vis om- 
 nia fato fieri, omnia falalem necessi- 
 tatem habere, Cic 1. c: a treatise onf., 
 •liber de eorum opinione scriptus qui 
 5mnia fato fieri putant [de *latalismo 
 lui dicitur scriptus]. 
 fatalist : v. prcced. art. 
 fatality : I. inevitable destiny : 
 1, ITilum : constrained by some 
 miserable f. of the commomvealth. fato 
 nescio quo niisero reipublicae compulsi, 
 Cic: V. fate. 2. ftitulitas: Cod. 
 Zeno. II. Misfortune; Pbr. : there 
 is some f. about'this affair, *nescio quid 
 mall (infortunii) videtur secum trahere 
 'afferrc) haec res. 
 
 fatally: I. 1^1/ destiny: 1. 
 
 fataliter : you say that all things are f. 
 predestined, omnia delinita dicis esse f., 
 Cic. Uiv. 2, 7, 19. 2. <ato {abl.) : to 
 happen f, fato fieri, Cic. I. c. } 21. _{[. 
 Destructively (q. v.) : fOBeste, perniciose, 
 etc. Phr.: /. for yourself, malo cum 
 tuo, PI. r.:ore f. to the Mavians, majore 
 Flavianorum pernicle, Tac. H. 1, 27. 
 
 fate: I. I" philosoph. sense, «7te 
 tieeessary connexion of cause and effect : 
 1. latum : defined by Cic. thus : fatuni 
 id appello, quod Graeci ci/xapne'inji', id 
 est, ordinem seriemque causarum, quum 
 causa causae nexa rem ex se gignat, Cic. 
 Div. I, 55, 12; : Cic. thus describes both 
 fatalism a.nii free-will : quum duae sen- 
 tenliae fuissent veterum pliilosophoram, 
 una, coram (jui censerent onmia iia fieri, 
 nt id fatum vim necessitatis alTcrret ; 
 altera, eorani quibus videretur, sine uUo 
 fato esse anlniorum niotus voluntarios, 
 Cic. Fat. 17, J9: if all things happen by 
 f., they happen in accnrilance with an 
 antecedent cause, si omnia fato fiunt, 
 fiunt causa antecedente, Cic. 1. c. J 40. 
 ' 2, nScessTtas. Cic. : v. supr. : more 
 fully, fetalis necessitas, Lact. : v. keces- 
 piTT. II, In looser sense, som* voffuc 
 
 supernatural power : falum (more usual 
 sense of the word) : the very name of 
 f. savours of old-uomanish superstition, 
 anile sane et plenum superstitionis fati 
 nomen ipsum, Cic. I)iv. 2. 8, 20 : if it ix 
 your f. to recover of Oiis disease, you 
 will recover, si f. tibi est ex hoc morbo 
 convalescere, . . . convalesces. Cic. : often 
 in pi. : the f.s Aoi"e grante/l nothing 
 greater err better to the tiorld, nihil niajus 
 meliusve tcrris fata donavcrc, Hor. had 
 ntit tlie immortal gods veil nigh altered 
 the ve)~y f.s, nisi dli immortales prope f. 
 ipsa flexis.sent, Cic. Cat. }, 8, 19. |||. 
 Calamity, death (q. v.) 1, fatum : / 
 am confident some f. overhangs them, 
 quibus ego confido impendere f. allquod. 
 Cic. : they buried themselves in their 
 tfnts and beiraikd their /., abditl In 
 tabemaculis suum f. querebantur, Caes. : 
 a flay of destruction andf, exitii ac f. 
 dies, Cic: to meet one's f, fato fungi. 
 Quint.; fato cona'dere, Plin. ; fatoobire. 
 'lac. 2. ca.iM», Us, m. {any casualty) : 
 the f. of Satumiuus and the Gracchi, 
 .Satiiminl et Gracchoram c, Caes. : as if 
 himenting the f. of their country, quasi 
 c. (civitatis) dolens, Sail. : they perished 
 one by one /., another by another, alius 
 alio c. periit. Suet.: Liv. 3. exitus, 
 us, TO. {end) : such u-as thef. of Kumenes, 
 Eumenes talem ex. vitae habuit, Nep. : 
 but exitus should not be used alone in 
 this sense: v. death. Phr.: the con- 
 dition and f. of slaves is lowest of all, 
 est autem infima conditio et fortuna 
 servorum, Cic. . to complain of one's 
 hard /., adversjim fortunam conqueri, 
 Pac. ap. Cic. (v. foktlne, misfortuse) : 
 an iron /., sors fcrrea, Ov. (v. ix)t) : 
 booh-s of /., libri fatales, Liv. : such 
 was the f. of I'riam, haec finis I'riami 
 fatorum; hie exitus ilium sorte tulit, 
 Virg. Acn. 2, 554: jrrepared for either 
 f, in utramque paratus, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 61. IV. ^''* name of certain god- 
 
 desses presiding over destiny : Parca 
 (usu. in pi.) : hasten on, ye ages so blest, 
 said the f.s to their spindles, talia saecla 
 suis, dixerunt, currite, fusis Parcae, Virg. 
 Ec. 4, 46 : Hor. 
 
 fated: fatrUis, e: that this year was 
 f. for the destruction of the citii, hunc 
 animm esse f ad interitum urhis, Cic. 
 Cat. J, 4, 9: it is as mucli f. that ycni 
 should employ a doctor, as that you 
 should get veil, tam est f. medicum ad- 
 hibere quam (onvalescere. Cic. Fat. ij 
 
 upon Flautus, fabulas Plauti nominl ad, 
 Gell. i, i, ad fin. : (" tliose heretics) vokt 
 f.'d the Gosjel and first hpislU {of John) 
 upon Cerinthus" (Bp. Bull), 'qui evan- 
 geliam, etc. Cerintbi nomini addixerunt, 
 Cerintho tribuerant: the verb is now 
 commonly used wiib something of a bad 
 S'-nse, as nou- when all are ashamed of 
 the scheme, they try to f. it u/'On me, 
 •nunc cujus onines con^ilii pudet, me 
 ut auctorem incusant, insimulant : don't 
 try to f. that scheme upon me, *ne perge 
 me istius lonsilii reum lacere. 
 
 fatherhood : patemTtas : August 
 Better expr. by phr.- we belieie in 
 the f. of God, *credlmus I)eum palemo 
 animo esse in nos praeditum, or patrem 
 nobis esse. 
 
 father-in-law : 86cer, Cri, Cic. 
 
 fatherless: orbus: as long as you 
 are alive, my sons vill not tie f, Glli 
 mei, te Incolumi, orbi n'ln erant, Cic. : 
 /. children, male and f-male, orbi 
 orbaeque, Liv. }, j : but orbus is used 
 of any kind of bereavement : v. BEREtT. 
 
 ORPHAN. 
 
 fatherlessness : orbitas: t. ob- 
 
 PHANIKX-ili. 
 
 fatherliness : patemus animns: t. 
 
 FATHKR (plir.). 
 
 fatherly : pStcrnus : renoumed for 
 hisf. affection, notus animi p., Hor. Od. 
 2, 2, 6 : v. fatheb (phr.). Phr.: to act 
 in af. tvay, *quod patrem dccet. facere ; 
 patrem agere ; patrem se praebere. 
 
 fathom (subs.) : ulna, I'lin. 
 
 fathom ('.)•• I. '-''•: no exact 
 word known : *allitudinem maris plnm- 
 bo (perpendiculo) demisso explorare : 
 V. TO soiND. II. Fig.: to get to 
 the bottom of, to amprehend : theie art 
 some things which we are unable to /., 
 •quasdam res penitus cognoscere atque 
 per.spicere non dalur : v. to explobk, 
 
 SEARCH OIT. 
 
 fathomless: profundus: V UKFA- 
 
 THOMABLE. 
 
 fatigue {subs.) : 1. faticraiio, onis, 
 f, : f. of hrrrsesand men, equ. 1 uni aique 
 "hominum f., Liv.: the limit of bodily 
 exercise shoidd be tiredness, falling short 
 of f, exercitationis finis esse debet las- 
 situde, quae citra f. est, Cels. 2. 
 dcKtigatio (stronger than preced.) : 
 Caes.: Cic: v. EXHABisTlos. 3. 'a*- 
 sitQdo (less strong than either of the 
 preced. : v. exx.) : v. weariness. 4. 
 vexalio {tossing about : esp. the f. of a 
 
 20- Suet. Phr.: he atlirmed that he | journey) : the king uitti Uss f. tobtasU 
 was the third Cornelius who was f. to and men returned into Macedonia, rex 
 obtain supreme power, confirmavit se cum minore v. jumentorum honimum- 
 esse tertium Coraelium ad quem regnum que in M. rediit, Liv. 4}, 2J. init. ._ CoL 
 pervenire esset necesse (fatale), Cic Cat. Phr. : able to bear f, patiens latK.ns. 
 J, 4, 9 : if you aref. to die, si tibi fatum Sail. Cat. 5 
 
 est' m'orii Cic. : v. fate (L). 
 
 father (subs.) .- 1. pater, tris : the 
 f. of a family, p. familias (old gen.), or 
 as one word, Cic. : /. of one's country, p. 
 patriae, Cic. : Juv. : in the time of our f.s, 
 apud p. nostros, Cic. The epith. is often 
 addressed to deities: /. Tiberinus, p. 
 Tiberinus, Virg. Instead of the gen ., the 
 adj. patrius or paternus may often be 
 used : v. (p h r.). 2. parens, ntis, c. : v. 
 PAHENT. Fig.: tlie presei-ver, f. of the 
 city, conservator, parens, istius urbis, 
 Cic: Socrates, f. of philosophy, Socrates 
 p. philosophiae, Cic:/. of the lyre, p. 
 lyrae, Hor. 3. g6mtor, oris (poet.) : 
 the f. of Tantalus, g. Tantall, Hor.: O 
 Komulus, sire, /., Romulus, pater, g. ! 
 Enn. 4. siltor, oris {engendvrer ; 
 chiefly poet.) : /. of men and gmls, ho- 
 minum s. atque deoram, Virg. : Pliaedr. 
 .Join: seminator et sator et parens, 
 Cic. Div. 2, J4, 36. Ph r. : af.'s dispo- 
 sition, affection, patrius animus, Liv. 2, 
 5, ad fin. ; animus paternus, Hor. Od. 
 2, 26 : the name (rtputation) of a /., 
 nomen palernum, Cic. pro dom. 58. 14 
 (paternus often refers to what is inhe- 
 rited, as patema bona: v. paternal) : 
 the name off., nomen patrium, Lucr. i, 
 9; (but nomen patrls would be better in 
 prose): to taJce after one's f, patrisso, 
 I, PI. : f.-land, patria : v. codntby. 
 
 father ("•)•■ i- e- '0 ascribe to (q. v.) : 
 addico. xl, ctum, j : to f. certain plays 
 
 to bear up under f., laburem 
 sustinere,' Cic. (v. to beak lp) : not to 
 mind /., labori baud parcere, Ter. Uec. 
 
 ^' fatigue (t'.): 1. ,'^t!-g<',v<^^J^"f 
 
 (the latter intens.), i: to J. the limbs. 
 membra f. : Lucr. : the soldiers were id 
 b)/ the great heat, mihtes magno aesiu 
 faligati sunt, Qies. : the Komans f.d by 
 toils and battles, R. labore proeliisque 
 fatigati, Sail : to be f.d by the lalmtrt 
 of neither mind nor body, nee aninu ne- 
 que corporis laboribus defatigari, Cic 
 Fig- tof any one with entreaties, ali- 
 quem precibus (.. Hor. : v. to ijiportttse. 
 2 lasso, delasso (the latter intern.), 
 
 1 - V. TO WEARY (OCT). 3. ('l PO-'-'-) 
 
 laboro, i : Iteasts of burden f.d with 
 their load, jumenta onere laborantla. 
 Quint.: Cic 4. (also I>a^) langueo. 
 
 2 : less strong than the preced. : v. to 
 FAINT. Phr.: to be f.d unih tml, labo- 
 ribus conteri, Plin. Ep. J, i. " : '".'• 
 one's self wUh toil. Uilwlbus se frangere, 
 Cic. Arch. II, 29 : f.d by a journey, de 
 via fessus, Cic. Acad. i. in it. : this walk- 
 ing about has f.d me, haec deambulalio 
 me ad languorem dedit, Ter. HeauU 4, 
 
 ^' fatigued ( as adj.): 1 f^"^'"^; 
 defatigatus (gieatly f): soldiers J. t>y 
 the intense heat, milites magno aestu U 
 Caes. : fresh nitfi relieve the f. uitegn 
 et recentes defatigatis succedunt^ Cae& 
 .Join: languens ct defatigatus, Cic : « 
 
 2&)
 
 FATNESS 
 
 FAVOUR 
 
 FAVOUR 
 
 TIRED, WEARY. £. fessus, dgfessus 
 
 (intens.) ; f. }rith marching and camp 
 labour, f. itinire atque opere castrorum. 
 Sail. : thorougldi/ /., defessiis, Virg. Aen. 
 
 I, i;7 ; V. EXHAHrSTED. 
 
 fatness : 1. pinguitndo (pin- 
 
 guedo, Plin.), Inis, /. (denoting either 
 the f of a rich suhsf.ance, as of the soil, 
 or fulness of JieA) : a pig will so in- 
 crease inf. as not to be able to stand up 
 of itself, sus usque adeo pinguitudine 
 crescere solet, ut se ipsa stans sustinere 
 non possit, Cato in Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 
 ined. : Plin. : /'. of soil, p. soli, Col. : /. 
 0^' 0//, p. olei, Col. 2. obesitas (only 
 
 of the bodll) : V. CORPULENCE. 3. 
 
 saglna (prop, food for fattening') : to 
 contract f. of bodi/ from excessive in- 
 dulgence, s. corporis ex nimia luxnria 
 contrahere, Just. 21, 2, I. 
 fatten: \. Trans.-, tom^e fat: 
 1. sagino, I • to f. oxen fm' sacrifice, 
 bovcs ad sacriticia s., Varr. F h r. : to 
 bef. d on the blood of the common wealth, 
 reipublicae sanguine saginari, Cic. Sext. 
 j6, 78. 2. farcio, rsi, i turn, 4 (to cram 
 poultry): gallinas et anseres f., Cato 
 R. R. 89. Phr. : to select hens for 
 f.ing, gallinas ad saginum eligere, Plin. 
 10,50,71. II, Intrans.: to grow 
 fat : pinguesco, crassesco : v. fat 
 (phr.). 
 
 fattened, fatted (part, adj.) • 1, 
 saginatus : see verb. 2. altilis, e 
 
 (well-fed) : f. hens, a. gallinae, Plin. 10, 
 50, 71 : /. cattle, a. boves, Varr. 3. 
 fartilis, e (crammet, as fowls) : /. geese, 
 f. anseres, Plin. 10, 21, 27. 
 
 fattener : 1. saginator, oris, TO. ; 
 Tert. 2. (of fowls), fartor, oris, m. ; 
 Hor. : Col. Fern. -trix. 
 
 fattening (subs) .- l. sagina : 
 
 the f. of geese is easy, facilis est anse- 
 rum s.. Col. 8, 14, extr. : f. of shell-fish, 
 cochlearum s., Plin. : the word strictly 
 denotes the fattening-meat, but is also 
 used for, 2, saglniitio, onis,/. ; after 
 the process of f lias begun, saginatione 
 orsa, Plin. 8, ;i, 77. 3. fiirtura (cj-am 
 ming of fowls) : Varr. : Col. 
 
 fattiness : pingultudo (pinguedo) : 
 
 V. FATNESS, GREASINESS. 
 
 fatty : plngnis, e : v. fat (aaj.). 
 P li r. : all f. substances, *(omnia) quae 
 adipis naturam habent. 
 
 fatuity : fatultas, stultltla : V. 
 
 FOLLY. 
 
 fatuous: fatuus, stultus: V. FOOLISH. 
 
 fault: 1. culpa, (the most gen. 
 term) : that happened more from easi- 
 ness than from any other f. of mine, 
 magis id facilitate quam ulla alia c. mea 
 contigit, Cic. de Or, 2, 4, i > Ae induced 
 is not in f., is quidem non in c. est, 
 Ter. : it is not my /., non fai turn est 
 mea culpa, Ter. : the f. is yours, penes 
 te c. est, Ter. 2. delictum (a graver 
 word): v. offence. Similarly is u»ed 
 the verb : dclinquo, liqui, lictum, } : if 
 I commit any f, si quid deliquero, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, j6, extr. : Ter. 3. vltium 
 
 (strictly, a flaic, something unsouiul, a 
 defect) : if there is no f. in the walls 
 or roof, si nihil est in parietibus aut 
 in tecto vitii, Cic. (v. flaw) : it was 
 all the f. of tvine and love that I did 
 it, vini vilio atque amoris feci, PI. Aul. 
 4, 10, 18 : to attribute it to any one 
 as a /., vitio alicui vertere, Cic. Fam. 
 7, 6 : no one is born without f.s, he is 
 the best man icho is loaded with the 
 least ones, vitiis nemo sine nascitur; 
 optimus ille est qui minimis urgetur, 
 Hor. S. I, J, 68. 4. peccatum (usu 
 of immorality : v. sin) : to claim and 
 grant indulgence from f.s, peccatis ve- 
 niam poscentem reddere rursus, Hor. S. 
 I, i' 1' ■ if there is any f. on my side, 
 nostrum quidem si est p., Cic. Att. 7, 
 4, 7. Similarly the verb pecco, i : if in 
 my folly I commit any f., si quid pec- 
 caro stultus, Hor. : Cic. 5. noxa (gen. 
 term, impij-ing a fault amenable to 
 lau-) : under the designation of f. every 
 offence is included, noxae appellatione 
 omne delictum coniinetur, Gai. Dig. 50, 
 16, 23S ■■ to be in f., in noxa {al. iio.xia) 
 esse. Ter. Ph. 2, i, }6: Liv. : to catch 
 290 
 
 any one in f., aliquem in n. tenere, PI. 
 Cas. 2, 8, 71. 6, macula (a blemish: 
 q. V.) : we look too m,uch after money in 
 old age ; we ought to shun thisf, nimium 
 ad rem in senecta sumus ; hanc m. nos 
 decet effugere, Ter. Ad. ;, 8. 31 : it is 
 the taint andf. of this age to be envious 
 of worth, est hujus seculi labes quaedam 
 et m. virtuti invidere, Cic. Bal. 6, 1; : a 
 literary f., velut m. (in oratione nitida), 
 Quint. 7. menda, ae,/., and mi'ndum. 
 i, n. : V. BLEMISH. Phr.: all persons 
 find f. with old age, omnes seneciutem 
 accusant, Cic. Sen. 2, 4 : to find f. with 
 the smallness of their pay, angustias sti- 
 pendii incusare, Tac. Ann. i, j;: therein 
 you are not it is true altogether at f., 
 but you are so in your dales, in eo non 
 tu quidem tota re. sed temporibuserrasti, 
 Cic. I'hil. 9, 2 J : Caesar (is) estranged from 
 nui without any f. of mine, Caesar a me 
 nullo meo merito alienus (est), Cic. Sext. 
 17, ?9: to have keener eyes for others f.s 
 than for our own, magis in aliis cernere 
 quam in nobismet ipsis si quid delin- 
 quitur, Cic. : when you are purblind for 
 your own f.s, why hare you such a keen 
 eye for those of your friends f quum tua 
 pervideas mala lippus inunctis, cur in 
 amicurum vitiis tam cemis acutum.? 
 Hor. S. I, J, 25: it seemed to be Tre- 
 tmnius sf. that they were not masters of 
 the town, stetisse per Treb. videbatur 
 quominus oppido potirentur, Caes. B. C. 
 2, 1 J : to be atf, as hounds, nullum ves- 
 tigium invenire (poss^) Cic. Clu. jo, 82 ; 
 vestigiis odorari (non posse), Cic. I. c. 
 
 faultily : 1. mendosg, Cic. : Pers : 
 V. iKCORKECTLY. 2. vitiosg, to draw 
 a conclusion f., v. concludere. Cic. : to 
 propose laws /., i. e. in an informal 
 way, leges v. ferre, Cic. : v. informally, 
 
 BADLY. 
 
 faultiness : 1. vTtium (v. fault) : 
 all the f. is baked out of the soil, omne 
 v. e.xcoquitur agris, Virg. G. i, 88 : per- 
 ceiving thef. of the position of the camp, 
 animadverso v. castrorum, Caes. B. C. i, 
 8i ; v. FLAW. 2. vitiositas (v. VICIO0S- 
 NESS): diseases and illnesses are kinds 
 off., morbi et aegrotationes sunt partes 
 vitiositatis, Cic. Pusc. 4, ij, 29. 3. 
 pravitas, /. (strictly deformity) : f. of 
 limbs, p. membrorum, Cic. Tusc. 4, u, 
 
 29: V. DEFORMITY, VICIOUSNE.SS. 
 
 faultless : 1, emendatus (free 
 
 from blemishes of any kind) : f. man- 
 ners (character), e. mores, Cic. : to be 
 designated ivise and f., sapiens e.que 
 vocari, Hor : /. Latin style, e. et Latina 
 locutio, Cic. 2. integer, gra, grum 
 (unpolluted, without stain): there was 
 not a more f. or irreproachable man in 
 the state than he, illo nemo neque in- 
 tegrior in civitate erat neque sanctior, 
 Cic. de Or. I, 5 j, 229 the man off. life, 
 integer vitae, Hor. Od. I, 22, i (poet. 
 
 Constr.): v. blameless, IRREPROACH- 
 ABLE. 3. perfectus: virtue f. and 
 complete, p. et cumulata virtus, Cic. : v. 
 PERFECT. Phr.: a f. and irreproach- 
 able life, vita vitio carens et sine lahe 
 peracta, Ov. Poni. 2, 7, 49: no one comes 
 into the world f., nemo sine vitiis nas- 
 citur, Hor. S. I, J, 68 : do you think you 
 can find a single woman that is fault- 
 h'ss f — of course the men aref., censen'te 
 posse reperire uUam mulierem quae 
 careat culpa i — an quia non delinquunt 
 viri, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 41 : /. style, pura 
 oratio, Ter. prol. Heaut. 46 : Cic. : sermo 
 quam purissimus, Quint. 4, 2, 118. 
 
 faulty: 1. mendosus (full of or 
 
 having defects, blemishes) : f. manners, 
 m. mores, Ov. : a f. copy of a will, 
 m. exemplar testamenti, Plin. Ep. 10, 
 2 ? (75) ; a character f. in a few respects 
 but in the main good, vitiis panels men- 
 dosa natura, alioqui recta, Hor. S. i, 6, 
 66. 2. vitiosus (with fairs; un- 
 
 soiintl) : a most f. orator, orator vitio- 
 sissimus, Cic. de Or. j, 26, loj : a consul 
 created by a f. process, v. consul, Cic. : 
 
 v. INFORMAL. 
 
 favour (subs): |. Subjective; a 
 feeling entertained. 1, favor, oris, to.; 
 Jugurtha got into the good will and f. 
 of the nubility, in gratiam et f. (stronger 
 
 than gratiam alone) nobilitatis fugur- 
 tha venit, Sail. : the f. of the plebs. 
 plebis f., Liv. : /. of the people, f. po- 
 puli, Cic. : V. POPULARrrY. 2. gratia 
 (favor denotes especially the good-will 
 of a party or ntxtion ; gratia as well that 
 of individual persons) : Roscius prosper- 
 ous in the f. of the most illustrious men, 
 Roscius gratia florens hominum nobi- 
 lissimorum, Cic. : to be in credit and f. 
 with any one, cum aliquo in laude et 
 in gr. esse, Cic. : to restore any one to f., 
 aliquem in gr. restituere, Cic: to get 
 into any one's f., gratiam inire cum ali- 
 quo, Ter. : to do so by ckception, fi.lsam 
 gr. cum aliquo in., Ter. : to gain the f. 
 of the wlu)le province, a provincia tota gr. 
 inire, Cic. : simly, ad (apud) plebem gr. 
 inire, Liv. : apud bonos gr. consequi, Cic. : 
 Pi.'mpeii gr. mi hi conciliare, Cic: to court 
 Caesar's /., Caesaris gr. sequi, Caes. : to 
 be inf. with, gratia florere alicujus, cum- 
 aKquo in gratia esse, Cic: to lose f. ana 
 become unpopular, ex magna g. et favorO 
 in invidiam venire. Sail.: to recover any- 
 body's f., in gratiam cum aliquo (or apud 
 aliquem) redire, Cic. ; in gratiam restitui, 
 Cic. 3. stiidium (a warm feeling of 
 interest or partisanship): made consul 
 by the f. of influential men, hominum 
 potentium studio consul factus, Cic. 
 Join: studium et favor : as, what f. 
 attended Panurgus on the stage, quod 
 studium et quem favorem secum in 
 scenam attulit P. ! Cic. R. Com. 10, 29. 
 
 4. voluntas, l)enev61entia: v. good- 
 will. Phr.: to be very desirous of any 
 one's f., apud aliquem ambitiosum esse, 
 Cic. y. Kr. 1, 2, 2 : he trusts through this 
 my letter of introduction to obtain your 
 f, contidit his meis Uteris se apud te 
 gratiosum fore, Cic. Fam. i, }: by your 
 f. I would say, bona hoc tua venia dixe- 
 ritn, Cic. DIv. i, 15, 2;; so pace tua 
 dixerim, Cic. fuse 5, 5, 12 (v. leave, 
 subs.) : to speak in f. of any one, pr 
 aliquo dicere, Ter. (v. behalf of, on) : 
 Tuay all the gods shew you f., tibi di 
 bene faciant omnes! PI. Pers. 4, j, 18: 
 to be in f. of any one, esse ab aliquo, 
 Cic. : to speak in f. of falsehood against 
 truth, a mendacio contra venim stare, 
 Cic. : so also, ab aliquo facere, cum aliquo 
 facere, Cic. (v. Dr. Smiih's Lat. I)ict. s. 
 V. ab, IV.): he reports to the people that 
 the pontiffs had decided in his f., nun- 
 tiat populo pontifices secundum se de- 
 crevisse, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 2 : the unpopu- 
 larity of Pompey caused the triumph of 
 Metellus to be received with /., Metelli 
 triumphum Pompeii invidia fecit favor- 
 abilem. Veil. : a speech received with /., 
 favorabilis oratio, Tac. : the f. of the 
 fickle mob, ventosae plebis suffragia, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 19, J7: the breath of popular f., 
 popularis aura, Hor. Od. }, 2, 20 ■ (a de- 
 livery) nhich has in itsf. a flexible voice, 
 cui suffragatur vox faci lis. Quint. 1 1 , j , 40. 
 
 II. Objective: a favour done: \, 
 gratia (gen. term): tu seek a f. from any 
 one, g. ab aliquo petere, PI. : torequestoi 
 af., beneficii loco etgratiae pet«re, Cic. : 
 we see tluit tlieir city has been destroyed, 
 as af. to whom Hannibal destroyed Sa- 
 guntum, deletam videmus urbem eorum, 
 quorum in gratiam Saguntum Hannibal 
 deleverat, Liv. 28, J9, med. 2. bene- 
 ficium (esp. of the conferring of public 
 offices, or military promotum) : we have 
 attained to this rank by the f. of the 
 Roman people, P. R. beneficio in hunc 
 ordinem \ enimus, Cic. : the f.s of offices 
 conferred by dictators and consuls, dic- 
 tatorum et coss. beneficia, Liv. 9, jo, 
 med. : in gen. sense, to confer a f. upon 
 any one. b. apud aliquem collocare, con- 
 ferre, Cic: Caesar recounted his f.s to- 
 wards Ariovistus, Caes;ir sua b. in Ario- 
 vistum commemoravit, Caes. : safe by 
 your /., b. tuo salvus, Cic. : by the f. of 
 the immoD-tal gods, beneficio deorum im- 
 murfcilium, Caes.: by thef. of the lots, 
 sortium beneficio, Cic. 3. munus, gris, 
 n. (bounty, present): nor does he mag- 
 nify a f. if he should happen to do one, 
 but even disparages it, neque vero verbis 
 auget m , si quo forte fungitur, sed etiam 
 exteauat, Cic ; it is all owing to yowrf.
 
 F A V O D R 
 
 F A V O U R 1 I K 
 
 FEAR 
 
 totum hoc nmneriB tui est, H&r. Oil. 4, j. 
 21. 4. v6nia : my smi, di> me this /., 
 take her tjach, mi gnau- da v. lianc niilii, 
 reduc illam ! Ter. . / bey this latt J. <>/ 
 you, have pity mi my sister, extr<-mam 
 bancoro v., miserere sororis! Virg. Aen. 
 4, 4?; (but vetiia denotes a favour of 
 indulyemce or clemehcy, not like gratia, 
 one rendered out if simi/le guod-will): 
 V. INDULGENCE, p h f. : you will do us 
 all a f. ij you vill explain to us what 
 you think about a com mon n ealth, feceris, 
 si de republi. a quae sentias explioiris, 
 nobis gratum omnibus, Cic. Kep. 1, 21 : 
 you can do me m greater J., hoc milii 
 gratius faeere nou poles, Cie. Kam. i }, 
 44: so to do a very great/., gr&lxsf'imum, 
 pergratum (acere, Cic: the opjurrtunity 
 of shon'ing f to the ynod. polcstas bonis 
 pratificandi, Cic. Leg. i, 18, i() see also 
 under gratia (11.). 
 
 favour ("■) •" 1. fSveo, favi, fautum, 
 2 (with dat.): those uho loved the one, 
 f.'d tfie other, qui diligebant bunc. illi 
 favebant, Cic. R. C!ora. 10, 29 : to/, (and 
 seek to prmnott) ones prrjerment and 
 dignity, honori etdignitati f.. Cues. B. C. 
 '•IT- i/ genial t ales /.s, si favet alma 
 R, Ov. 2. secundo, i (with ace. of 
 direct object : chiefly poet.) noic the 
 yale /.s the saiUrrs' voyage. Jam nautis 
 aura s. iter, Prop.: v-ind/ing, venio 
 secuDdante, Tac. : may the gods/ our 
 uniiertalcing, di nostra incepia secun- 
 dent ! Virg. 3. studeo, ui, 2 (with 
 dat. ; to be devotid to, side with) : to / 
 the cause 0/ a northless and unprinci- 
 pled /elloii; bomini nequam atque im- 
 probo s., Cic. Coel. 4, lo: neither to /. 
 nor to hate, neque s. neque odisse. ball. 
 Cat. 51, med. 4. suffragor, 1 (with 
 dat. : properly tf/ supp/rt in an elec- 
 tion) : Hortensius /«v you, opposes me, 
 tibi H. suffragatur, me oppuguat, Cic. : 
 fortune /.ing, yini stem to hate accom- 
 plished great things, lortuna suffragante 
 videris magna consecutus, Cic. Fam. 10, 
 5. 5. ab aliquo esse, stare, faeere : 
 V. preced. art. (I. /n ) P h r. : » ill you 
 f. me by doing, gratuin. pergratum fe- 
 ceris, si..., Cie. (v. preced. an., ll. 
 Jin.):/oitune/.s tki: brave, lortuna fortes 
 adjuvat, Liv. J4, J7 : / hare always, you 
 knoiv, been given to /. nobility, semper, 
 nt scitis, studiosus nobilitalls fui, Cic 
 Acad. 2, 40, 125: the fieople of' JJytra- 
 chium/. my cause, studiosos mel hateo 
 Dyrrachinos, Cic. Att. j, 22 : i/ you will 
 f. me. by listening, si ad auscutiandum 
 vestra erit benignitas, PI. : » ill you / 
 me by looHng a/ler him, amabo te, huic 
 caveas, PL: the word araabo (le) is in- 
 troduced parenthetically, and is less 
 formal than the English : v. please. 
 
 favourable : 1. pruspems : v. 
 
 PKospERous. 2. s6cundus (of winds, 
 circumstances, etc.) : he arrived in port 
 with a /. wind, in portum vento s. 
 venit, PI. : he met with a/, windand tide 
 at the same time, et ventum et aestum 
 uno tempore nactus est secundum, 
 Caes. : /. auspices, s. auspicia, Cic. the 
 gods being present and/., praesentibus 
 ac secundis diis, l-iv. 3. commodus 
 (convenient, advantageous) : hoping Viat 
 during the voyage all things vould be 
 more /. to the cure, sperans omnia iti 
 navigatione tore curationi eommodiora, 
 Liv. : he understood that the affairs 0/ 
 the city luid reached a more /. state, 
 urbanas res commoiliorem in statura 
 pervenis.se intelligelwt, Cic. : v. a1)\ an- 
 TAGEons. 4. aequus (nut frequent in 
 this sense) : the mihilit;/ was hostile, 
 the senate no< /., nobilitas inimica fuit, 
 non aeq. senatus, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, }, med. 
 (so with dat., or in and ace. or abl. [abl. 
 poet.]) : the soldiers were drawn up at 
 a / time ami place, milites et tem- 
 pore et loco aeq. instrmti sunt, Liv. 
 26, J. 5. Idoneus (suitabU) : /. uea- 
 ther /or sailing, id. tempestas ad navi- 
 gandum, (3aes. : v. suitable. 6. pr5- 
 pitlus: e>p. 0/ the gods : v. propitious 
 7, amicus : v. friendly. g. 
 
 pronus (lit. down-hill : chiefly In late 
 writers) : a more /. /nrtune, pmnior 
 fortuna. Veil. : a cohort more/, to Dola- 
 
 bella, cohors Dolabellae prnnior. Suet; 
 Tac. Pb r. : to Ije /. to. lavere (v. to 
 favoi:r): Alplirnus had Vie pe>ijie un- 
 doul'tally / to him, Alplienus utebaiur 
 populo sane suo. Cic. tiuint. 7. 29: loput 
 the rmrre /. constractvm upon a thing. 
 
 quos complexa est, Cic Am. i;, 54: /. 
 0/ Fortune, Fortunae fillus, Hor. S. 2, 
 6, 49. For a /avourite of a sovereign. 
 Suet, uses /am.iliaris : he 1 ax a/, with 
 Caiut on a/xount 0/ his /imdness /or 
 cliarioterring, with Claudius on account 
 
 allquld In mitioreni partem niterpretari, 0/ his /ondness /or gambling, Calo per 
 
 Cic. Mur. }i,64; beniimius interpretari aurigandl, Claudio per aleae studium f. 
 
 (legally), Paul. Dig. 50, 17. 155: every- erat. Suet. Vlt. 4: to be the diie/ /. at 
 
 thing nas repmted to the general in a court, aula pijtirl, Tac. (v. COURT). 
 
 ?rt/>re/. ;ij;A<. cuiiciaad iniperatorenj in favotuitism : 1. ambltio, onls, 
 
 molllus relata, Tac. Ann. 14. 59: tlie /. (courting the /avour 0/ tome person) : 
 
 emtiassy nou here received a mure /. the / 0/ a uriter you can easih/ coun- 
 
 hearir.g. nusquani benigniora verba tul 
 ere legati, cf. Liv. 21. 19, fin.: the 
 Volscians gave him a / reception, ve- 
 nieiitem Volsci beuigne excepere, Liv. 
 2, J5 : handsument^ss 0/ person produces 
 a /. impressiim at first sight, pulcrl- 
 tudo cotporis movet oculns et deleciat, 
 Cic. Off. I, J7. 98: the opinion 0/ the 
 senate vas /. to peace and to Vie con- 
 clusion 0/ a treaty with I'yrrhus, sen- 
 tcntla senatus mclinabat ad pacem et 
 
 teract. ambitionem scrlptoris la. ile ad- 
 verseris, Tac H. i, i : v. PABTiALiTr. 
 2, gratia (the most gen. term) : 
 they were altoyether devoted to persons, 
 not to causes, uhiltt / had 1 Uh them 
 the /orce 0/ justice, hominuni non cau- 
 earum toti erant, ut apud quos gratia 
 vim aequi liaberet, Liv. j, }6, ad fin.: 
 
 cf. Cic. Hull. 2, J, 7: v. FAVDLB. 3. 
 
 stiidium (any warmly interested /eel- 
 ing) : not lo be influenced by /. in the 
 
 loedus faciendum cum Pyirho, Cic. Sen. choice 0/ centurions, non studiis pri- 
 
 6, 16, 
 favourably : 1. benigne (toith 
 
 /avour) : to hear /., b. audire, Liv. : to 
 receive /., b. excipere, Liv.: v. favocr- 
 ABLK (fin.). 2, prospere : v. pros- 
 perously. P h r. : to be /. disposed 
 toi' ards any one, bono esse in aliquem 
 unimo, Caes. B. G. i, 6 : he was /. dis- 
 posed and wished uell to the Helvelii <m 
 account 0/ that alliance, tavere et cu- 
 pere Helvetiis propter earn aflinitat/'m, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 18: their /eelings uere/. 
 inclined towards the royal house, in 
 stirpem regiam inclinavere studiis. Curt. 
 10, 7, med. : v. To INCLIKE. 
 
 favoured (culj.) •• 1, gratiosus 
 
 (enjoying the /avour 0/ others) : the 
 
 vaiis ceuturiones adscire, Tac. Agr. 19: 
 without offence or /, sine ira atque 
 studio, Tac A. I, i, actr. : v. favour 
 
 (1., 3), PARTIALITY. 
 
 fawn (««<>«■) ■■ hinnfileus: Hor. 
 
 fawn (»•) •• I. To/, as a dog upon 
 his master: adiilo, or better idulor, i 
 (with ace.) : very gentle hounds /. even 
 on Vie thie/, canes milissimi eliain furem 
 adulant(ur). Col.: Liicr. ||. Fig.: 
 7'o flatter (q. v.): adulo. -.t (with ace. 
 and later dat.) : let us not suffer our- 
 selves to be /.'d upon, nee nos adalari 
 sinamus, Cic. Off. i, 26, qi : tU consuls 
 /.'d upon the commonalty, coss. plebi 
 adulati sunt, Liv. j, 69. med. 
 
 fawning (part, and a/ij.) : blandus : 
 
 colony 0/ Berytus, /. by the bounty 0/ , to distinguish the /. /riend /rom tlie 
 Augustus, Berytensis colonia, Augusti • • 
 beneficiis gratiosa, Ulp. Dig. 50, 15, i. 
 
 2. gratus : v. favourite. P h r. : 
 highly / husbandmen, Icnew they but 
 their happiness, fortunatos nimium, 
 sua si bona norint, agricolas ! Virg. : 
 and no more / youth flung his aiTns 
 round thy /air neck, nee quisquam 
 potior bracbia candidae cervicl Juvenis 
 dabat, Hor. Od. ?, 9, 2 : /. 0/ the gods, 
 non sine dis, Hor. Od. }, 4, 20; cui 
 deorum munere aliquid datum est, Plin. 
 Fp. 6, 16, J. 
 
 favourer : fautor (favitor, archaice), 
 oris, m. ; and fautrix, icis, /. : Sail. : 
 Hor. : may often be expressed by faveo 
 or its synonyms : v. to favour. 
 
 favourite (subs, and adj.) : 1. 
 acceptus (acceptable lo) : a very/, slave, 
 servus acceptissimus, PI. ; he uus by 
 /ar the greatest /. uith the soldiers, 
 longe ante alios (erat) acceptissimus 
 militum animLs, Liv. : one tcho was such 
 a /. uith his countrymen, homo tarn ac. 
 popularibus. Sail. 2. gratus (ihe most 
 gen. term) : he was, hon ever, a greater/, 
 with the multitude than icith the Fathers, 
 multitudini taraen gratior fuit quam 
 Patribus, I^iv. : while I vas thy/., dunec 
 gr. eram tibi, Hor. : icy is Vie /. plant 
 0/ Bacchus hedera est gratisslma Baccho, 
 Ov. : doddess who rulest Vut /. Antium, 
 diva gratim quae regis Antium, Hor. 
 
 3. carus, dilectus : v. dear, be- 
 uivED. 4. gratiosus (esp. 0/ the 
 great): a freeduoman uho u-as a/ at 
 court, liberta aulica gr.. Suet. Otho 2 
 
 v. INFLUENTIAL, FA\OURKD, POPULAR. 
 
 5, deliciae, arum, /. (a pet, a 
 darling : only in pi.) : your pet and 
 prime /. Koscins, aniores ac deliciae 
 tuae, Koscius, Cic Div. 1, j6, 79: Vie 
 /. 0/ the human race, amor ac d. ge- 
 nens humani. Suet. Tit. i : an ape 
 which was a /. 0/ the king of the Mo- 
 lossians, simia quam rex Molossorimi 
 in deliciis habebat, Cic. IHv. i, 54, 
 76: V. DARLING. Plir. : to be a f. 
 uith one, alicujus gratia florere, etc. v 
 FAVOUR '1.): scmie there are wluue /. 
 
 pursuit it is sunt quos juvat 
 
 Hor. : not only is /■oitutie hersel/ blind, 
 but she /or the most part mal.es her /s 
 blirul too, non solum i[>sa Fortuna caeci 
 est, sed eos plerumque caecos eflficil 
 
 true, b. amicum a vero secemere, Cic : 
 V. FLATTERING. P h F. : /. tricks, blandi- 
 tiae, blandimenta: v. caress (subs.). 
 
 fawning (subs.) .- lit. and fig.: 
 adulalio : v. flattery. 
 
 fawningly: I, Lit.: expr. by 
 participle 01 adulor: the lion then f. 
 wacged his tail like a dog (at Andro- 
 cles), tum caiidam (leo) more atque 
 ritu adulantium canum movet, Gell. ;, 
 14. m«/. ; where adulans or dum adu- 
 latur might have been used. ||, 
 F' i g. : blande, adiilatorig : v. flaTTEB- 
 
 rNGLY. 
 
 fealty : v. fidelity, faith. P h r. : 
 to >tvrur f. to one, in nomen alicujus 
 jur.ire. Suet. : so in verba I'hillppi 
 jural e, l.iv. : he imjiosed an oath 0/ /. 
 to himself and Pompey upon the whole 
 province, provinciam onineni in sua et 
 Pompeii verba jusjurandum adegit, 
 Caes. : they aclcnuwledged /. to the R 
 people, dixerunt se suaqiie omnia in 
 fidem atque potestatem P. K. permit- 
 lere, Oes. The oath 0/ /eatty to a me- 
 diaeval lord was called Juramentum 
 fidelitatis (Blackstone): v. au.kgianck. 
 
 fear (subs.) : \, m§tus, us (in gen. 
 sense, the apprehension 0/ /ulure eml): 
 /. is the anxious expectation of Juture 
 unhappiness, est m. futurae aegritudliiis 
 soUici a expectatio, Cic. Tusc 5. 18, 
 52 : to be in /., in m. esse, Cic. : to 6e 
 inspired wiVi /.. nietum capere, Uv. ; 
 accipere, Ter. ; conclpere, Ov. : to in- 
 spire any one with /., m. alicni injicere, 
 Caes. ; iiicutere, afferre, offerre, Cic ; 
 inferre, Liv. ; faeere, Ov. to :dirre any 
 one's /., m. alicui adimere, Ter. ; dejic- 
 ere, depellere. levare, Cic. aliquem 
 metu exonerare, Liv. : / relievr you 
 /rom all /. on my account, omnl te 
 de me metu libero, Cic : / will pre- 
 .^•ntly relieve you u/all /ear.mWniwaa 
 tibi jam faxo m. onmem, I'er. : to be 
 breathless u ith/., metu exanlniari, Cic. : 
 lest/, sliould sei^e upon the rest, ne rell- 
 qiios nieius iiivaderet, .Sail. 2. liraor, 
 oris, TO. (esp. the f. ol timiditu: Cicero 
 classes it as a variety ol nietus. I'usc. 
 4. 8. 19: the two words nm verv- niucil 
 into each other) : /. 0/ dratJi. ii;ortis t, 
 Lucr. : /. 0/ a serious war, b Hi magnl 
 L, Cic: /. stops utterat'Ce, U praepedit 
 dicta linguae, PI. : / am in great /, 
 291
 
 FEAR 
 
 FEASIBLE 
 
 F EATHEK 
 
 magno t. sum, Cic. : the cireumstanre 
 which causes me /., res quae mihi facit 
 t, Clc. : the state uas in /. that the hos- 
 tages were meditating these designs, in t. 
 civitas fuit, obsides ea molin, Liv. : to 
 be inspired with/. : the same verbs can 
 be used as with metus (v. supr.) ; so to 
 inspire with/, (v. supr.) : f. seizes upon 
 aU the army, timor omnem exercitum 
 occupat, Caes : so, t. patres incessit, 
 Llv. ■ incedo is also followed by a dot. : 
 women, upon whom had fallen an r<»- 
 wimted f. of war, mulieres, quibus belli 
 t. insolitus incesserat, Sail. • to lay aside 
 one's /., t. abjicere, omittere, Cic. ; t. 
 deponere, Ov. : to he seized with /., 
 timore affici, Cic. Phr. : to have ones 
 f.s about something, vereri de aliqua re, 
 Cic:. see also alarm, dread, panic. 
 3, fonnido, inis, /. (defined by Cic. 
 as metus permanens, Tusc. 4, 8, 19) : v. 
 DREAD. 4. pavor (metus mentem 
 loco movens, Cic. 1. c.) : v. panic, 
 ALARM. N.B.— The most common adjec- 
 tives with metus or timor, are such as 
 magnus, ingens, tantus, quantus : thus, 
 to inspire any one with lively, serious, 
 keen.f, alicui magnum (ingentem) me- 
 tum (timorem) injicere, ctx;. 
 
 fear ("•)■• 1. mgtuo, i, j: they 
 f. the gods, metuunt deos, Ter. : they 
 ought to f. punishment from you, sup- 
 plicia a vobis m- debent, Cic. : with ne 
 or ut and subjunctive (L. G. $ 460) : 
 / f.'d that you ho/i gone away, metu- 
 ebam ne abiisses, PI. : / /. that I sluill 
 not he ahle to recover the ornaments 
 which I }Mve lent, ornamenta quae 
 locavi metuo ut possira recipere, PI. 
 (N.B.— Metuo te is I fear you; metuo 
 tibi, / am alarmed mi your behalf.) 
 2, tlinieo, ui, 2 (for the distinction 
 between metuo and timeo see subs.) : I 
 f. the Greeks, even with gifts in their 
 hands, timeo Danaos et dona ferentes, 
 Virg. : to f. the wrath of a divin ity, 
 iram numinis t., Ov. : to reverence and 
 f. the immortal gods, vereri et t. deos 
 imraortales, Liv. : the ship is safe ; f. 
 not, salva est navis ; ne time ! PI. : / 
 /. that you will not bear up, timeo ut 
 sustineas, Cic. : / f.'d for you, tibi 
 timui, Ter.: to f for the city, urbi t., 
 Her. 3. vgreor, Itus, 2 : (a), of the 
 fear of reverence : to f. the censure of 
 the learned and wise, reprehensionem 
 doctorum et prudentium v., Cic. : his 
 slaves stood in awe of him; his children 
 f.'d him, metuebanl eum servi ; vere- 
 bantur liberi, Cic. : to f. the immortal 
 gods, deos immortales v., Liv. : v. to re- 
 VERKNCE, RESPECT, (p). of simple fear 
 or apprehension = metuo or timeo : they 
 said theii did not f. the enemy, but the 
 defiles of the road, and the extent of the 
 woods, "dicebant non se hostes v., sed 
 angustias itineris et magnitudinem sil- 
 varum, Caes. : to f. poverty, pauperiem 
 V. Hor. : to/. punisAmeHi, supplicia v., 
 Hor. : / /. Gallic wars, vereor Gallica 
 bella, Cie. : tof to kill any one, aliquem 
 interficere v., Caes. : / /. to say, vereor 
 dicere, Ter. : he f.'d the less for the 
 ships, eo minus veritus est navibus, 
 Caes. : / sImII never cease f.ing about 
 Carthage till I learn tliat she is rased 
 to the ground, non desinam v. de Car- 
 thagine donee penitus excisam cogno- 
 vero, Cic. : he f.'d tluit he might hurt 
 the feelings of Diititiacus by the punish- 
 ment of his brother, ne fratris supplicio 
 Divltiaci auimum offenderet verebatur, 
 Caes. : If., Crassus, that I cannot grant 
 you those tivo pnropositions, ilia duo, 
 Crasse, vereor ut tibi possim concedere, 
 Cic: / always f.'d what nould be the 
 upshot of my master's lenity, heri semper 
 lenitas verebar quorsum evaderet, Ter. 
 4. extimesco, pertimesco, timui, j 
 (only ' in act. and gerundive : to f. 
 greatly) :. famine was greatly to be f.'d, 
 fames erat pertiraescenda, Caes. : lie 
 greatly f.'d that he had committed some 
 offence, ne quid pecca-set pertimescebat, 
 Cit there is no reason why you should 
 greatly f. my arrival, nihil est quod 
 adventum nostrum e.Ttimescas, Cic. : 
 caswillies greatly to be f.'d, casus exti- 
 192 
 
 mescendi, Caes. : v. TO dbead. 5. 
 revfireor, Itus, 2 (v. to reverence) : to 
 f. suspicion, suspiclonem r., Cic. : to f. 
 rivalry, simnltatem r., PI. : hesilat- 
 ing, casting timid glances around, f.ing 
 many obstacles, dubitans, circumspect- 
 ans, multa adversa reverens, Cic. 6, 
 subvereor (to he half afraid) : / some- 
 times f. a little that you may choose to 
 defer your departure, subvereor in- 
 terdum ne te deleclet tarda decessio, Cic. 
 
 fearful: \. Feeling fear : 1. 
 
 xa^mem {apprehensive of : with gen.): 
 content ivith little, and f. of the future, 
 contentus parvo metuensque futuri, 
 Hor. : /. of the rod, m. virgae, Juv. : the 
 consuls, temperate men, andf. of (break- 
 ing) the la'S, coss. modesti legumque 
 m., Cic. : Nero, more f for the future, 
 surrounded himself with soldiers, N., 
 metuentior in posteruni, milites sibi 
 circumdedit, Tac. 2. timidus (ha- 
 bitually) : the unwarlike and the _/'., 
 imbelles t.que, Cic. ; notf. of death, non 
 t. ad mortem, Cic. : /. hope, t. spes, Ov. : 
 rarely with gen. : f. of the storm, t. pro- 
 cellae, Hor. : v. timid. 3. pavidus 
 (very f.): v. afkaid, alarmed, panic- 
 struck. II. Causing fear: 1. fe- 
 raliB, e : the f. formulary (of devotion), 
 f. carmen, \A\\ : f. carnage, f. caedes, 
 Ov. 2. dlrus: v. dreadful, terrible. 
 
 fearfully: I. -^s one fearing: 
 
 timide : v. timidly. ||. So as to 
 
 cause fear : horrendum (poet.) : " a cliff 
 looks f. on the deep " (.Shaks.), *imniinet 
 horrendum scopulus ponto : the f. hiss- 
 ing numster of Lervn, bellua Lernae 
 horrendum stridens, Virg. Aen. 6, 288: 
 V. dreadfully, terribly. 
 
 fearfulness : I. The habit of 
 
 mind : timlditas, Cic. : v. timidity. 
 II. Of that it'fti'c/i causes fear : expr. 
 by phrase: to shudder at the f. of the 
 sight, *rem adeo timendam horrere; 
 conspectu horrere : v. fearful. 
 
 fearless : 1. impavWus (not in 
 
 Cic, and mostly poet.) : /. the babes 
 licked their mother, lambere matrera 
 imp. pueii, Enn. : /. hearts, imp. pec- 
 tora, Liv. 21, ?o: Hor. 2. intrSpIdus 
 (resolute, calmly undaunted : late) : /. to 
 threats, incorruptible to flattery, minan- 
 tibus intr., adversus blandientes incor- 
 ruptus, Tac. H. i, J5, extr. : ivith f. 
 countenance, intrepidus vultum, Lucan. 
 Join: tranquillus, intrepidus, immo- 
 bilis. Gell. 19, J2,fin. 3. fidens. ntis 
 (full nf confidence and resolution) : f. of 
 soul, f. aninii, Virg. Aen. 2, 61 : he will 
 march with f. s"ul to death, fidenti 
 animo gradietur ad mortem, Cic. Tusc. 
 
 1, 46, no. 4. securus (free from 
 apprehension of any kind) : the f. na- 
 tions enjoyed luxurious ease, mollia 
 securae peragehant otia gentes, Ot. 
 Met. I, too. Phr.: to bef, sine mctu 
 (timore) esse, metn vacare, Cic. : ▼. 
 fear. 
 
 fearlessly : 1. impavide (undaunt- 
 edly) : f. draining the cup (Philopoe- 
 men), imp. exhausto poculo, Liv. : may 
 often be expr. by adj. (see L. G. $ J4J) : 
 h£ f. snaps the wvapon asunder, impa- 
 vidus frangit telum, Virg. Aen. 12, 8. 
 2, intrepide (without agitation or 
 ccfnfusion) : he (Corvinus) advances f. 
 and modestly to meet him, progreditur 
 intr. et modeste obviam, Gell. : so with 
 the adj. : they retreated gradually and 
 f., sensim et intrepidi se receperunt. 
 Curt. 8, 12, ad fin. 3. f identer («»i(/i 
 resolution) : to act /., f. agere, Clc. 
 Acad. 2, 8, 24: opp. to timide, Cic. Div. 
 
 2, Ji, 67. 4. fidenti animo: Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 46, no. 5. audacter: v. 
 
 BOLDLY. 
 
 fearlessness : 1. fidentia : /., 
 
 i. e., unshaken confidence of soul. {., id 
 est, firnia animi confisio, Cic. Tusc. 4. 
 J7. 80 2. audentia : v. boldness, 
 
 courage. 
 
 feasible 1 °o exact words : expr. 
 
 feasibility >i>y efficio, perficio, 
 
 feasibleness ' <"c- : »' ^ "o'<r mat 
 
 ter to see nhat isf. for you, quid eflicere 
 
 possis, tui consilii est, Cic Fam. j, 2: 
 
 / doubt the feasittility of your plans, 
 
 *dubito num consilia tua perfici pos- 
 sint : v. to carry odt, perform. 
 
 feast (subs.) : 1. convivinm : our 
 ancestors did well in calling a f. of 
 friends convivium, bene majorfs nostri 
 accubitionem epularem amicorum c. no- 
 minarunt, Cic. Sen. l J, 45 : v. banquet. 
 2. daps, dapis, /. (chiefly poet, and 
 used of religious Jeasts) : give a f. in 
 honour of Jove, redde Jovi dapem, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 7, 17- solemn f.s, sollemnes d., 
 Virg. Aen. j, Joi : a .'kalian /., Saliares 
 d., Hor. Od. i, J7, 4. 3. epulae, arum; 
 dpulum, i (the latter form, only of re- 
 ligious feasts): v. banquet. 4. dies 
 festus : v. FESTIVAL. Phr.: tobe cooking 
 for a wedding /., coquere ad nuptias, 
 PI. Aul. J, 2, 15 : to give a birth-day 
 /., natalicia dare, Cic Phil. 2, 6, 15 : to 
 entertain any one with a handsome f., 
 aliquem benigne accipere ; lepide et 
 lepidis victibus accipere, PI. (v. to en- 
 tertain) : ye nights and f.s worthy of 
 gods, O noctes coenaeque deum ! Hor. S. 
 2, 6. 65 : these things are to me a f. of 
 delight, his ego rebus pascor, his de- 
 lector, his fruor ! Cic. in Pis. 20, 45 : 
 what a f. have I had in your letter, 
 *quantam volnptatem ex literis tnis 
 percepi ! (v. pleasure). 
 
 feast (I'O-- A. Trans.: Phr.: 
 tof. any one handsomely, aliquem splen- 
 dide, laute, lepide, accipere, PI. : v. to 
 entertain. Fig.: tof. one's eyes on any 
 one's tortures, alicujus cruclatu pascere 
 oculos, Cic. Verr. 5, 26, 65 : hef.s his soul 
 on the unsubsta.:tial picture, aiiimum 
 pictura pascit Inani, Vin,". Aen. I, 464: 
 to be f.'d with the blood of the common- 
 tvealth, reipublicae sanguine saginari, 
 Cic. .Sext. it, 78 : he controlled the mul- 
 titude, not by authority, but by f.ing 
 them, multitudlnem non auctoritate sed 
 sagina tenehai, Cic. Fl. ^, 17: v. to 
 fatten. B. In trans. : 1. Spulor, 
 I : he f.'d after the manner of the Per- 
 sians, epulabatur more Persamm, Nep. : 
 to f. in Salian fashion, i. e., right 
 jovially, in Saliarem modum ep., Cic. 
 Att. 5, 9, init. 2. ccnvivor, i : tof. 
 at the public expense, de publico conv., 
 Cic. Verr. 3, 44. 105 : to f. frequently 
 and amply, conv. frequenter et large, 
 Suet. 3. pascor, paistus, } : esp. in 
 fig. sense : here I am f.ing on the liOrary 
 of Faustus, ego hie pascor bibliotheca 
 Fausti. Cic. Att. 4, 10 cf. preced. art. 
 fin. Phr.: / have f.'d my full of 
 hatred, and have djwe. odiis exsaturata 
 quievi, Virg. Aen. 7, 298. 
 
 feat: 1- facinus, 6ris, n. : af.qf 
 arms, (militare) f., .Sail. Cat. 7 : the two 
 sons of Atreus have the fame of achiev- 
 ing a great f., Atridae duo fratfes cluent 
 fecisse f. maximum. PI. Bacch. 4, 8, I : 
 a great and memorable f. (of a daring 
 voyage), magnum ac memorabile f., Tac. 
 Agr. 28. (Facinus denotes any bold, 
 daring action; more freq. a bad one.) 
 2. factum: with some qualifying adj., 
 as praeclarum, egregium : v. achieve- 
 ment. 3. (in;)?.): res gestae: thef.t 
 of arms achieved by kings and chiefs, 
 res gestae reguraque ducumque, Hor. : 
 Cic. : V. achievement. Phr.: great f.s 
 were achieced in those times by the 
 bravest of men. magnae res temporibiis 
 illis a fortissimis viris gerebantur, Cic. 
 
 feather ; 1. penna (pinna, Quint., 
 Suet. : strictly, only of the wing-f.s) : f.s 
 which had been stial by a peacock, pen- 
 nae quae pavoni deciderant, Phaedr. i, 
 J, 5 : my wings have no f.s, meae alae 
 pennas non habent. Pi. Poen. 4, 2. 49 : 
 the distinction is not always strict l.v 
 adhered to : of feathers in general : 
 birds cherish their young under their 
 f.s, Otat they may not be hurt by the 
 cold, avcs pullos pennis fovent, ne 
 frigore laedantur, Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 129: 
 glossiness of f.s, nitor pennarnm, Phaedr. 
 I, I J, 6. 2. pluma (of small, soft, 
 downy, f.s) : animals cnvered uith f.s, 
 animantes plumis oblnctae, Cic. N. D. 
 3, 47, 121- : variegated fs, pi. versi- 
 colores, Cic. : lighter than a f., pluma 
 levior (homo), PI. : to be more easily 
 swayed than af.ora leaf, pL aut folio
 
 FKATHERED 
 
 FEEBLENESS 
 
 FEEDING 
 
 &cilius moveri, Cic. Alt. 8, 15 : to sleep 
 on a/, bed. In pluma dormin-, Mart. 11, 
 17 : to be carried on a ) .-cushioned 
 litter, pensilibus plumis vehi, Juv. i, 
 159: both of these last are poetical ex- 
 pressions, the full Latin for a f. bed 
 being culcita plumea, Cic. ; torus (pul- 
 Tinus) plumeus, Ov. ; torus pluma 
 fartus (cf. L. G. } 590). P h r. : to grow 
 f.s, plumesco, j ; I'lin. 
 
 feathered : 1. plumalus : a raven 
 .vnth. f. body, pluinato corpore corvus, 
 Cic. (poet.) : Plin. 2. plumans, mis . 
 /. brood, pulll plumant»'s, Gell. : v. 
 FLEDGED. 3. pennaius (pinn.) : such 
 of tlie f. trilie as Aai«e curved talons, are 
 unprolific, pennatorum inlecunda sunt 
 quae aduna>s hubent ungues, Plin. : a 
 f. vxapun (arrow), p. ferrum, Plin. : 
 Jove's/, miitister, Jovis pennata satelles, 
 Cic. (poet.). 4. plumOsus : /. game, 
 p. aucupium, I'rop. P h r. r /. creatures, 
 aninianies plumis obductai-, Cic. N. 1). 
 2, 4'J, 121 (plumiger and penuiger [pinn.l 
 are poet and rare : /. arrows, penni- 
 gerae sagiltae, Sil.). 
 
 feathery : 1. plumeua : /. ears, 
 pi. aures, Plin. K i g. : /. snows, pi. 
 nives, Amob. 2. plumosus : Fig.: 
 f. leaves, pi. folia, Plin. 
 
 featly : habiUter : v. neatlt, cle- 
 verly. 
 
 feature: I, Lit.: of the coun- 
 
 tenance : 1. llneamentuni : mould of 
 fjs, conformatio lineamentoriim, Cic. 
 N. D. 1, i8, 47 : to observe a man's ex- 
 pression of face and f.s, habitum oris 
 l.que Intueri, Liv. 21, 4, ad irnt. : the 
 f.s of the mind are lovelier than those 
 efthe body, animi L sunt pulcriora quam 
 corporis, Cic. Fin. }, 22, 7; : the obser- 
 vation and study of rhythm furnished 
 as it were the lastf.s to oratory, notatus 
 et cognitus (numerus) quasi. . . e.\trema 
 1. oralioni attulit, Cic. Or. 56, 1 86. 2. 
 vultus, us (only of human beings): the 
 eyes, eye-brrnvs, forehead, in short the 
 entire fjs, which are a kind of silent 
 language of the mind, ocull, superci- 
 lium, frons, totus denique v., qui sermo 
 quidam tacitus mentis est, Cic. in Pis. 
 init. : they will gixie f.s life in marble, 
 vivos ducent de marmore vulius, Virg. 
 Aen. 6. 848: to hold a Proteus as he 
 shifts his f.s, tenere vuUus muiantem 
 Protea, Hor. Ep. i, 1, 90. 3. ductus, 
 us (with depend, gen. : form or outline 
 of the f.s): Join: ductus oris, vultus, 
 Cie. Fin. 5, 17, 47. 4. habitus, us 
 (with oris : the expression of the fj) : 
 cf. Llv. 21, 2, ./in. II, Fig.: any 
 
 characteristic property : 1. expr. 
 
 by proprlus : this is the one special f. 
 of the orator, quod unum "st oratoris 
 maxime proprium, Cic. Br. 9}, 522 : 
 V. PECULIAR. 2. (with the verb to 
 be) expr. by gen. case : cf. L. G. } 266 : 
 it is thef. of a petty mind to love riches, 
 est angusti animi amare dlvltias, Cic. 
 3. proprietas (peculiarity : or the 
 Sum.ofsuch, collectively) ■ f.s of soil and 
 cliTnate, proprietas terrae coelique, Liv. 
 28, 17. 4. (of persons) indoles, inggn- 
 ium (the sum total of mental ami moral 
 f.s) : these blended f.s, good and bad, 
 haec indoles virtutum atque vitiorum, 
 Liv. 21, 4, extr. : v. disi-osition. 5. 
 often a neut. adj. may sufBce : there were 
 many fine f.s about him, multa in eo 
 pracc'ara erant, Cic. : v. thino. 
 
 fe'urile : febriculosus (rare) : a f. 
 complaint, f. morbus, (Jell. Phr. : to 
 have af. attack, in febricuUun incidere : 
 
 V. FEVER. 
 
 February : Febniarlus, i, m. : with 
 or without mcnsis, Cic. 
 
 feculence : I. sediment : faex, 
 
 faecis, /. .- (esp. of nine) : v. dregs. 
 
 II, Impure matter of any kind : 
 
 1. feeculeutia (late) : /. like that of 
 
 a sewer, f. par cloacali, Sid. 2. coe- 
 
 num, lutum : v. Diirr, mire. 
 
 feculent : 1. faccQlentus (strictly, 
 having dregs, full of dregs. Col.): /. 
 discharge, f. pus, Cels. 2. Immundus : 
 V. FiLrny. 
 
 fecund : fccundus, uber : v. feictile, 
 
 FBCITiXL. 
 
 fecundate : lecundo, 1 : v. to fer- 
 tilize. 
 
 fecundity : fccundltas : c. g. muli- 
 eris, Cic. PhiL 2, 24, 58 : Col. ; v. fktht- 
 
 FULNE.SS. 
 
 federal : 1. foedSratus : v. cox- 
 fedekatk. 2, expr. by foedus, Cris, 
 n. (a compact of any kind) ; to grant a 
 fair f. compact, ai.'fjuum f. dare, Liv. 
 2J, 5, med. : f. states, civitates inter se 
 societate [amicltla] et f. conjunctae, cf. 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 2. 
 
 fee (subs.) : I. In legal sense, of 
 tenure of land, feudum : v. fief, feu- 
 dal. ||. PaymxM for li/mourabU 
 service: \. hOnos, oris, m.: I have 
 sent word to Curius that a f. should be 
 paid to the physician, Curio misi ut me-' 
 dico h. haheretur, Cic. Fam. 16, 9. 2. 
 honorarium (late) : to pay the decurion's 
 /., decurionaius b. inferre, TraJ. in Plin. 
 Ep. 10, iij : V. Glerig ad l.-.f.of advo- 
 cates, h. advocatonim. Ulp. Dig. 3, 
 merces, edis, '/. (pay of any kind) : 
 this was the logicians' f., haec m. erat 
 dialecticorum, Cic : Tac. : v. pay, 
 wages. 4. slips, stipis, /. (usu. a 
 petty gift, alms) : (petty) f.s for legal 
 assistance, stips advocationum, Cjuint. i, 
 12, 8. 5. MTnerval, alls, n. (for edu- 
 cation): Varr. R. R. j, 2, fm. I'hr. : 
 that no one should take any f. for plead- 
 ing a 'cause, iie quia ob cuusjini oran- 
 dam pecuniam donurave capiat. Lex 
 Cine, in Cic. : the emperor limited Ihefs 
 (of advocates) to ten .':estertia, princeps 
 capiendis pecuniis posuit moduni usque 
 ad X HS, Tac. Ann. 11, 7 : to give scmie 
 f. to a physician, medico aliquid dare, 
 
 Cic. : V. GIFT, PBESEKT. 
 
 fee (y.) .- l. mvlnero, miingror, l : 
 it is the way uith tliese gentry to f. the 
 maids first, dlsciplina est iisdem m. 
 ancillas primura, Ter. Heaut. 2, j, ^9: 
 Cic. : V. TO PRESENT. 2. hoiiorarium 
 inferre, mercedem, etc dare : v. prectd. 
 art. 
 
 feeble : 1. debilis, e (esp. of 
 hiidily or mental tvrahtess) : the body 
 beioines /., d. fit corpus, Lucr. : lame 
 and f. (more or less disabled) hwses, 
 claudi ac d. equi, Liv. : in this part nf 
 the mind he tias /., hac parte animi d. 
 erat, Cic. Br. 6i, 219 Tac. Poet.: 710 
 /. weapon, baud d. telum, Virg. 2. 
 infirmus (most gen. term : of whatever 
 is deficient in strength) : old age renders 
 the body more f. (less rigorous), senectus 
 corpus facit infirmius, Cic. Sen. 6, i; : v. 
 WEAK. 3. imbecillus (weakly : esp. 
 of the body or things analogous) : xrhen 
 a poor f. man is mangled by a powerful 
 beast, quum i. homo a valentissima bestia 
 laniatur, Cic. Fam. 7, i, med. : the absent 
 are present, the f. (Iktjse in ill-health) 
 strong, absentes adsunt et i. valent, Cic. 
 Am. 7, 2i : f. pulsatii/n, i. pulsus ve- 
 narum, Cels. : v. weak. 4, invali- 
 dus (without \sufficient'] strength : not 
 in Cic): v. infiiui, powerlk.s.s. 5. 
 tenuis, e (thin, frail, poor) : what f. 
 health he enjoyed, or rather none at all, 
 quam t. aut nulla polius valetudine fuit ! 
 Cic. .Sen. 11, ^5: a f. (faint) hope, t. 
 spcs, Cic Join: tenuis atque infirm- 
 us [animus], Caes. B. 0. i, !l,fin. Q, 
 fractus (lacking vigour ; as it were broken 
 dcncn : fig.) : hope that is feebler, s pes 
 fraciior, Cic. Am. 16, 59: /. in com- 
 position and almost effeminate [charge 
 brought against Cic], in compositione 
 f. et paene viro molllor, Quint. 12, 10, 
 12. 7. hgbes, 6tis (of the senses, or 
 impressions made upon them) : sight 
 naturally /., oculus naturd b., Plin. : 
 Cic: v. dull, DIM. 8, (of light) ob- 
 scurus : after sunset, irhile there was 
 yet a f. light, post solis occasnm, jam 
 obscura luce, Liv. : v. dim. dark. Phr.: 
 to grow f. with old age, senectute lan- 
 guescere, Cic. Sen. 9, 27; marcescere, 
 Plin. 22, 22, J8. 
 
 feebleness: 1, infirmltas (any 
 condition short of strength and vigour) : 
 f. of health, inf. valetudinis, Cic; of 
 sight, oculorum, Plin. Jun : v. weak- 
 ness. 2, imbtcillitas (positive weak' 
 
 nest, esp. of body : for syn , v. ff.eble) ; 
 the f. and frailty of the human race, 
 bumani generis Iro. fragiUtasque, Cic 
 Tubc 5, I, J : v. WEAK. 3. debilltas 
 (usu. Implying loss of the use of tiie bodi) 
 or of tome part of it : cf. Plin. Ep. 8. 
 18, 9: Tac. H. I, 9): to rid oneself </ 
 all Icindt of pain, ditease, /., a se do- 
 lores, morbos, debilitates rt-pellere, Cii. 
 Fin. 4, 8, 20 . /. of mind, d. animi, Cli:. 
 (N.B. Jnvaletudo is t/i-A<^aWA, Cic. Ati. 
 7, 2, init.). Phr.: /. of tight, obscu- 
 rltas oculorum, PUu. 17, j, 12,/n. : i( 
 is a mark of f. of mind, animi est in- 
 firml, Cic. (v. feeble). 
 
 feebly; 1. Infirme (for syn. v. 
 feeble): Cic: Plin. jun. 2. debi- 
 liter (v. rare) : Pac. In Non. 3. hui- 
 gulde (witliout energy) : v. lasgl'idlv. 
 
 feed : A. Tr a n s. : I. To sup- 
 ply food to: 1. pasco, pavi, pastum. 
 ? (usu. with ref. to inferior creatures): 
 to f. swine, herds, etc., sues, gregi-s, etc. 
 p., Cic. : Col.: to f. (1. e. keep, possest] 
 slaves, servos p., Juv. j, 141 . of Aunuin 
 beings : you usually f. ut on regetallet, 
 olusculls nos p. soles, Cic AtL i, 6, 
 10. Fig.: T^uy fed the Grecian fires 
 Danaas paverunt Pergama flammas, Ov, 
 Met. 14,467: to f. unsubstantial hopes, 
 spes p. inanes, Virg. Aen. 10. 627. 
 2. alo, ui, itum, J : v. to nourish. 
 Fig.: to f. the Jlames, a. incendiuro, 
 Just. 4, I, II. 3. c!bo, I (of ani- 
 mals only : a late word) : go(jd for 
 f.ing young peacockt, cibandis pullls 
 pavoninis ulilis. Col. 8, 11, ad fin.: t( 
 f. a serpent by hand, draconem mant 
 c, Stiet. Tib. 72. 4, expr. by cibus, 
 pabulum (the latter only of animals), 
 and a verb: to f. animals by hand, 
 (animalibus) cibos de manu praebere 
 (Georg.) ; (cf. de manu dare, CoU 7, 9) : 
 to feed infants, [clbos] infantibus puerls 
 in OS inserere, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 162 : 
 birds f. their tender young uitk their 
 beaks, aves teneris foetibus cibos ore 
 suo coUatos partiuntur, Quint 2, 6, 7 
 to /. oxen, bubus pabulum dare, Calo 
 R. R. 54. 5. pabulor, i (usu. intrans.) : 
 Col. II. Fig.: of streams, etc.: to 
 convey water to a reservoir: servio, 4 
 (with dat.) : a lake f.ing a canal, ser- 
 \-iens (=aquas suppeditans) lacus (Eu- 
 ripo), Plin. Ep. I, J. I. B. Intrans.: 
 to partake of food .■ 1, vescor, } 
 (with abl. : of rational beings only) .• v. 
 TO eat, live on. 2. pasciir, pastus, ; 
 (in lit, sense of anirncUs only); if the 
 chickens will not f., si pnlli non pascen- 
 tur, Liv.; a heifer is f.ing in a wood, 
 p. in silva juvenca, Virg. (in this sense 
 the act. voice sometimes occurs : ar- 
 menta saltibus In vacuis pascant, Virg. 
 G. J, 14?). Sometimes with ace. of 
 what is fed on (poet.) : a serpent fed on 
 poisotious herbs, coluber mala pramiua 
 pastus, Virg. Aen. 2, 471. 3. pabulor. 
 I (of cattle) : tof. quietl'i, placide p.. Col 
 7, 6, fin. 4. depascor, pastus, } ; alv 
 in act. (strictly to f. down : cf. Virg. 1 .. 
 I, 112: luxurleni segetimi depascit, i. e. 
 he feeds it doion by turning in cattle: 
 to consume by feeding) : tof. upon dewy 
 grass, roscidas herbas depascere. Col. 7. 
 5, fin. : he (the serpent) f.s upon their 
 miserable limbs, nilserus dcpa^citur ar- 
 tus, Virg. Aen. 2, 215. Fig.: tof. 
 upon golden sayings, auren depascl dicta, 
 Lucr.: Cic. Phr.: they fed upon the 
 flesh of wild beatL<:, quibus cibus erat 
 "caro ferina, Sal!. : they believe haret f. 
 on snow, leporibus pro ctbatu nlvcm 
 credunt esse, Plin. 8. 55. 81: suine f. 
 Ufwn anything, sues onmi clbatu alun- 
 tur, Plin. 10, 7J, 9J. 
 
 feeder : c. g. to a canal or lake ; 
 rivus s'-rvlcns: v. TO feed (A, II.). 
 
 feeding (sul>s.^ : 1. pastio (keep- 
 ing of stock): cattle-f. (grazing) is by 
 most combined with farming, p. con- 
 Jungltur a plerlsqiie cum agrlcultura, 
 Varr. 2. p5''ulatio (the act of taJ.-- 
 ing food : of animals) : CoL 7, 9, extr. 
 "3. expr. by verb: thef. (f cattle 
 should be attended to at follavxt, bubus 
 pabulum hoc nioUo dari opi.rrtft, Cato 
 
 U.K. 54; V. FOOD, TO FEED. (UepaSUo, 
 
 29J
 
 FEEDING 
 
 F K L I C 1 T O U S 
 
 FELLOW-LODGER 
 
 PTm. I '7, 24, }•; J «?7, is the feeding 
 donm or nibbling of plants.) 
 
 feeding (aiij-): pabulatoHus: a f. 
 basket, p. corbis, Col. 6, j, med. 
 
 feeding-time : *pabulandi (pabula- 
 tiouis) hora. 
 
 feel: A- Trans.: |. To ex- 
 plore with the hands ; 1. tento 
 
 (tempto), I : he f^ the bosom (nf the 
 statue) irith his hands, manibus pectora 
 t., Ov. Met. 10, 282 : Phaedr. Esp. tnf, 
 tht pulse, venast.,Qa\nt. II, ?,88: Suet. 
 2. praetento, i {tof. out befirre otie) : 
 to /. rnie's way with the feet, pedibus p. 
 iter, lib. 2, i, 77 ; Ov. 3. contrecto, 
 
 I : V. TO HANDLE. 4. tango, J : V. 
 
 TO TOUCH. P h r. : to/, the pulse, vcnas 
 tenere, Cic. (more usu. tentare, v. supr.). 
 II, To perceive, experience: 1. 
 sentio, si. sum, ^■. to f. heat and cold, 
 calorem et frigus s., Lucr. : to fed, hun- 
 ger, pain, famem, doloiem s., Cic. : Liv. 
 Fig.; of inanimate objects: the vine 
 shall f. the pestilential sirocco, pestilen- 
 tem sentiet Africum vltis, Hor.: v. to 
 
 SDFFER, EXPERIENCE. 2. Capio, cepi, 
 
 captum, } (to receive a sensation or emo- 
 tion) : to /. (derive) joij at the just de- 
 struction of a tyrant, laetitiam c. Justo 
 tyranni interitu, Cic. Alt. 14, 14 (but 
 the source of the emotion is usu. expr. 
 by ex ; Cic. passim) .- to /. pleasure, 
 pity, etc., voluptatem, misericoidiam c, 
 Cic. (N.B.— In Lat. the constr. is often 
 reversed, the emotion being made the 
 subject, and the person the object : e. g. 
 the senate felt alarm, senatum metus 
 cepit, Liv. if, i^.mcd.: so we find both 
 satietatem capere, PI. Am. i, 2, 10; and 
 satietas capit aliquem, I'er. Eun. j, i, 
 1} : the latter constr. is preterred in the 
 case of the more active emotions, as love, 
 hatred, admiration, fear.) 3. percip- 
 io, J (like preced , but only with per- 
 sonal subject) : to f. pleasure, volupta- 
 tem p., Cic. Fin. i, 11, iT- to f. such 
 sorrow through any one, ex aliquo tan- 
 t08 p. luctus, Cic. Fam. 14, i, init. : Ov. 
 
 4, concipio, j (in this sense chiefly 
 poet. : usu. = to conceive, originate) : to 
 f. hope or fear, spem, metum c, Ov. F. 
 I, 486. 5. suscipio, 5 (referring to 
 the rise of a feeling in the mind) : to 
 f. twofold grief (at the sight of sonic 
 one), duplicem dolorem s., Cic. Vat. 7, 
 19. 6. expr. by afficio, feci, fectum, j 
 (to affect) : to cause any one to f. joy, 
 aliquem laetitia af., Cic. Mil. 28, 77: 
 esp. in pass. : I f. a lively anxiety, 
 magna sollicitudine afflcior (but also, 
 magna me aflficit soUicitiido, the latter 
 constr. being perhaps more formal), Cic. 
 Att. 6, J. Phr. : to /. a thing deeply, 
 aliquid graviteret acerbe ferre,Cic l)iv. 
 Verr. 2, 4 ; magnum dolorem ex aliqua 
 re capere, v. supr. .- and to grieve for. 
 
 B. In trans. : |. To be the sub- 
 ject of sensations : 1. sentio, 4 : 
 Join: sentire ac vigere (to /'. and be 
 active), Cic. Sext. 21, 47. 2. sensum 
 habeo: v. sensation. ||, To yield a 
 certain sensation to the touch : Phr.: 
 a totigux that f.s rough, lingua aspera 
 tactu, Lucr. : fruit that f.s ripe, *poma 
 quae manibus tentanii mollitudinis ac 
 maturitatis sensum prae bent. |||, To 
 be in a, certain state of mind : to feel 
 glad, sorry, etc., laetari, gaudere ; dolcre, 
 etc. : V. GLAD, etc. 
 
 feel for: deieo, 2: v. to gmeve. 
 
 See also to sympathize. 
 feeler : I. f'f '"" insect : i, 
 
 crinis. is, m. (luiir-like) : the f.s of 
 polypes, (polyporum) criiies, Plin. 9, 29, 
 46. 2. corniculum (lit. a small horn) : 
 the f.s (antennae) of butterjties, (papi- 
 lionum) c, Plin. 11, 28, J4. ||. Fig. : 
 an experimental movement: Phr.: a 
 suggestion first thronnoutasaf, mentio 
 primo sensim illata, Liv. 4, i : to put 
 out a /., *aliquid experiendi causa, 
 tentantis modo, facere: v. TO try, 
 feel (I.). 
 
 feeling (subs.): \. sensibility to 
 outward phaenomena: 1. tactus, us 
 (the sense of touch) : Cic. N. D. 2, 56. 
 141 : V. touch. 2. sensus, us, (most 
 gen. term : of any kind of sensibility) : 
 294 
 
 to be without life and f., vita et s. ca- 
 rere, Cic. : v. sknsation. jl.'l" emo- 
 tion, state of mind ; 1, sensus, iis : 
 my ounfs tell me how areat is the force 
 of fraternal affection, mens me s.quanta 
 vis fraternl amoris adnionet, Cic. Fam. 
 5, 2, Im. : there uus but one f. on the 
 part of all good men, uiius s. fuit om- 
 nium bonorum, Cic: the geneial f.s 
 of manlcind, communis hominum s., 
 Cic. Or. 2, 16, 68: Hor.: to ajjpeal to 
 the f.s, sensus (hominum) implorare, 
 i;ic. Sull. 2?, 64. 2. aflictus, us: the 
 f. (einoticm) of love, fear, af. ^'moris, 
 metus, Quint, (v. affectiok) . she hesi- 
 tates with divided f.s, dubiis af. haeret. 
 Ov. Met. 8, 47?. 3. animus (the f.s 
 coUec'ively : esp. with ref. loan^i^j) : to 
 control one's f.s (temper), animum re 
 gere, Hor. Ep. i, 2, 62 he was the first 
 to paint the expression of men's f.s, 
 primus animum pinxit et sensus homi- 
 num expressit, Plin. i5, 10, 19: they do 
 not know 11 hat ouir f.s tonards eacli 
 other are, quo a. inter nos simus ignor- 
 ant, Cic. Fam. ?, 6, I. 4. hiimanitas 
 (refined, kindly f.) : a man of great re- 
 finemerd of f., singulari h. vir, Cic. : to 
 have put off all human /., onmem h. 
 exuisse, Cic. Lig. 5, 14. Join: obdu- 
 rescere atque h. exueie, Cic. Att. ij, 2. 
 5. jiicHcium (in matters of taste) : 
 
 V. TASTE, JUDGMENT. 6. AStUS, iiS 
 
 (lit. weeping: hence tearful emotion): 
 with whatf. did he speak of . . ., quanto 
 cum f. de . . . egit, Cic. Sext. 57, 121 
 (v. Niigels. p. }8): v. tears. Phr.: to 
 be without /., omnino durum, inhuma- 
 num esse : v. unfeeling : and cf. 
 supr. (4). 
 
 feeling («#)•■ humanus,mis6ricors: 
 V. humane, kind, compassionate. 
 
 feelingly : Phr.: to speak f, ex 
 aniiiio ac sincere loqui, cf. Ter. Ad. 1,1, 
 47 ; multo cum fletu dicere (with tears) : 
 V. feeling, subs. (B). 
 
 feign: l, fingo, nxi, ctum, j (usu. 
 trans., and foil, byocc); to f. friend- 
 ship for the sake of expediency, utili- 
 tatis causa f. amicitiam, Cic. • to wear a 
 f.'d countenance (conceal feeling), f. 
 vultum.Ciies. B. G. i, ^9, med. : oftener 
 of the action of fancy or imagination : 
 V. TO IMAGINE. 2. confingo, J (usu. to 
 fabricate, concoct) : to f. tears, lacrimas 
 c, Ter. And. j, 5, 26. 3. simulo, I 
 (to pretend something which is not) : he 
 had f.'d to be setting out for Tarentum, 
 ille " se Tarentum proficisci sinmlarat, 
 Cic. : to promise surrender and after- 
 wards f. fear, poUiceri dedilionera ac 
 deinde metum s.. Sail. Jug. j6. in preg 
 nant sense : those who f. the saint and 
 act the rake, qui Curios s. et Bacchanalia 
 vivunt, Juv. 2, J. Less freq. (except 
 in PI. Ter.) is the comp. assimiilo : he 
 f.'d to be in love, aiiiare aj^simulavit, 
 PI. : also foil, by quasi and subj., Ter. 
 Eun. i, 2, 8. 4. dissImiUo, i (to pre- 
 tend that something is not which is ; 
 opp. to preced. : cf. Salt Cat. 5, simulator 
 ac dissimulator) : to f. freedom from 
 fear, metum d., Tac. ; / will f. not to 
 see these people, dissimulabo ho3 quasi 
 non videam, PI. Mil. 4, 2, 2 : the ace. 
 and inf. is more usual, though less 
 vivid, Cic. Att 8, i,fin. :_ PI. 
 
 feigned : 1. simulatus : f.frieiwl- 
 ship, s. amicitia, Cacs. : Nep. 2. 
 
 fictUS : v. FALSE. 
 
 feignedly : simiilate, ficte : Cic. 
 
 feigner : 1. simiilator : Sail. (v. to 
 FEIGN, 3) 2. ficior: Virg. Aen. 9, 602. 
 
 feigning (subs.) : slmillatio : hoiv 
 difficult is long continued f. of virtue, 
 quam difiBcilis virtutis diuturna s., Cic. 
 Att. 7, I, J. Join: simulaiio dissimu- 
 latioque, Cic. OSf. }, 15. 6° (cf. to 
 
 FEIGN, 3). 
 
 feint: I. In g^"- sense: slmu- 
 latio: V. PRETENCE. ||. In fencing : 
 captatio : tlie f.s of gladiators, gladia- 
 torua; captationes, Quint. 5, U, 54. 
 Phr.: to make a f. with a vieir to pro- 
 voking a cut from your adversary, ma- 
 num proferre ad evocandum adversarii 
 ictum. Quint. 1. c. 
 
 felicitous: Klis: v, fortunate. 
 
 HAPPY. Phr.: a f. (strictly, clever) 
 Cffmbination (pf leords), Ciillida junctura, 
 Hor. A. P. 48. 
 
 felicitously : fellclter : V. HAPPILY. 
 Sometimes proprie (of speaking) may be 
 near enough : v. appropriately. 
 felicitOUSneSS t felicIUs; thestudied 
 
 felicity /• "f /^o*"^*. H' 'ratii 
 
 curiosa f., Petr. 118, med. Sometimes, 
 in speaking of diction, proprigtas may 
 be near enough : v. APPitOPRiATENF.ss. 
 
 teline: tglinus, fiilineus: Gels.: Serv. 
 (Or gt-n. of teles : v. CAT.) 
 
 fell (subs.) : I. A mountain : 
 
 mons, jiigum : v. mountain. ||, A 
 skin: pellis : v. HIDE. 
 
 fell (oulj-)- dirus, saevus, etc.: v. 
 drkadfui., cruel. 
 
 fell (t-) •■ I. In Sff- sense, to pro- 
 strate : sterno, consterno. stravi, tum, j : 
 
 v. TO KNOCK DOWN, LEVEL. ||, Of 
 
 timber : 1. caedo, c6cidi, caesum, j: 
 toy. trees, timber, arbores, materiam c, 
 Caes. : v. to cut down. 2, excido, 
 di, sum, J (to cut dovm and destroy: 
 whereas caedo may refer to the heuing 
 off of branches) : all the trees being f.'d 
 far aTid wide, omnibus arboribus longe 
 lateque excisis, Caes. B. C. 2, 15. 3. 
 succido, J (by cutting at the root) : Plin. 
 Phr.: to /. timber (for siege purposes, 
 etc.), niateriari, Caes. B. G. 7, 75. 
 
 fellmonger: 1. peiiio, onis, m..- 
 PI. Men. 2, i, 52. 2. peUiouarius: 
 Inscr. in Fore. A f.'s shop, pellesuina, 
 Varr. L. L. 8 (7), 55- 
 
 fellmongery : *a'"s pelllonaria. 
 
 felloe: o\ a wheel: curvatiira(rotae), 
 Ov. Met. 2, 108: H. Steph. 
 
 fellow: I. Companion: socius, 
 comes : v. companion. ||. An equal : 
 par, paris : v. equal. |||. Of a col- 
 lege : *socius : M. L. JV. Jocosely 
 or contemptuously : 1. homo, inis 
 (esp. when standing by itself) : you 
 driveme mad.f., tu, homo, adigis me ad 
 insaniam! Ter. Ad. i, 2, ji : my good 
 /., what have you gut there, mi h., quid 
 istuc est? Ter. Ad. 4, j. 6 : a very jolly 
 /., h. lepidissimus, I'l. 2. homuncio, 
 onis, m. (a little f.) : Augustus called 
 Horace, homuncio lepidissimus, " o very 
 nice little f," Suet. vit. Hor. med. 3, 
 adolescens, ad61escentiilus (a young f : 
 without any other meaning) : v. youth. 
 Phr.: silly f. (by way of exclamation), 
 ridiculum caput! Ter. And. 2, 2, J4: 
 jolly /., feslivum caput ! Ter. Ad. 
 2, J, 8. 
 
 fellow-citizen : 1. civis, is, c .- 
 all your f.s fear you, te metuuntomnes 
 c. tui, Cic. Cat. i, 7. 17 : PI. : later, _ 2. 
 *concivis, is, c. : Tert. 3. popiilaris, 
 is, c. (when the city is identical with 
 the nation): luxil f.,m\ p. salve! PL: 
 Cic: V. countryman. 4. mflniceps, 
 ipis, c. (of a municipium) : v. fellOW- 
 townsman. 
 
 fellow-commoner: *socius com- 
 
 meiisalis. 
 
 fellow-countryman: civis, etc.: 
 V. fellow-citizen. 
 
 fellow-creature: expr. by h6mo, 
 etc. : to consult the good 0/ yourfs, con- 
 sulere hominum generi, Cic. : / am a 
 man, I am concerned in anything that 
 affects a /., homo sum, humani nihil a 
 me alienum puto, Ter. Heaut. i, i, 25 
 (v. MAN, human being): so by alter: 
 he who does nothing to serve a /., qui 
 nihil alterius causa facit, Cic. Leg. I, 14, 
 41 : V. NEIGHBOUR. More precisely, 
 *qui eadeui lege (conditione) natus 
 (creatus) est. 
 
 fellow-feeling : consensio (flgret' 
 ment) : (/rientlship is but) tlie perfec- 
 tion of }'., voluntatum summa c, Cic. 
 
 Am. 4, 15 : V. SYMPATHY. 
 
 fellow-heir : coheres, edls, c. : Cic. 
 
 fellow-labourer : socius, censors 
 opens, laburis: Cic. Br. 1,2. Phr. : to 
 be any oyie's ./'., alicui socium esse in 
 negoiiis, I'er. Heaut. 3, i, 9: see also 
 
 fellow-lodger: (?) contubemalis, 
 is, c. (one who occupies the same taber- 
 naculum) : Cic. Fam. 9, 20: PI.; v. 
 
 COMPANION (5);
 
 FELLOW- PASSENGER 
 
 PEKN 
 
 FERTILE 
 
 fellow-passenger > 1. convec- 
 
 fellow-traveller f tor-, to have any 
 ene for a /., aliquo c. uti. Cic. 2. 
 c6me3, itis, c. (with or without iiineiis); 
 to start as f.s an tlie final joumi'ii, su- 
 premuiii caqit-re iter comites, Hor. Od. 
 2, 17, 12: my f. ivas Hrlioiiorus, Heliu- 
 dorus c. (erat), Hor. S. 1, 5, 2. 3. 
 86cius iUnCris: he ivas my constant J'., 
 omnium mcorum iilncrum s. fuit, Cic. : 
 V. COMPANION. IMir. : to (>« /.s, faccre 
 iter una, Cic. : v. togetiikh. 
 
 fellow-prisoner : "viucuiorum ho- 
 clus, una (in oixiciu loco) viuctus : v. 
 
 PRI.SONKn. 
 
 fellow-servant : conscrvus. /.-a : 
 
 all my f.s, male and feiiuile, ciiiir*rvi 
 Conservaeiiu'' ■•nines, I'l. .Mil. 4, 8, jo : 
 Cic. A tiiii. iliiiiiii. conscrvula occurs iu 
 Sen. Omii'. 
 fellow-soldier : commiiUo, Onis, 
 
 m. : Cues. : I.iv. 
 
 fellow-Student : condiscipulus : 
 
 Cic: V. SCHOOL-FELLOW. I' li r. ■ lie 
 was my /., *una mecuni Uteris [acroa- 
 maii.-.qui'] simluit, operam diniit. 
 fellow-townsman; mfmiceps, cl- 
 
 pls, c. ; i/i'u iiir ini J. and scliiKilfdluw, 
 m. tu rneus el cuuiliscipulus,Plin. Kp. i, 
 19, init. 
 
 fellowship : |. f^nmpanionship, 
 
 friendly I elation : 1, sOiigtas (./ViVwWv 
 relation between iwtividuals or bodies 
 of nun) : we have no f. witli tyrants. 
 nulla s. nol)ls est cum tj'rannis, Cic. : to 
 enter upon, break nff, f. with any one, 
 s. cum aliquo coire, dirimere, Cic. 
 Join: [lioniiuunij societas et oim- 
 juneiio. CI-. Off. i, 5, 17. 2. conimQ- 
 nitas (state or cmdition of sharing 
 something): v. co>i5iunity. .Join: so- 
 cietas communila.siiue[lnunaril generisj. 
 Cic. Fin. 4, 2, 4. 3. commuiiio 
 
 (^preced., but less freq.) : Cic. 4. 
 sSdalitas (as of those nho imss toyttlirr) : 
 f. and inlimaci/, g. familiaritasque, Cic. 
 5. s6dalitium (=prfce(l., bui less 
 freq.): Cat.: Val. Max. 6. comHjus 
 (good-f.; as a quality) ijoixlf. and easy 
 temper, c. el facilitas (opp. to gravitas si - 
 veritasque), Cic. Mur ji, /i». See also 
 companionship. II, University t. t. : 
 expr. by s5cius : to get a /'., sociis as- 
 cribi, socium deligi, co-optari (by elec- 
 tion of the college of ftllows) : T. 
 
 FELLOW. 
 
 felon : n6cens, noxius : v. cbiminal. 
 felonious, felony : v. criminal, 
 
 CRIMb. 
 
 felt (o4}- ii'Kl subs.) : 1. cflactus, 
 a, um (i. e. C(nnpres.^ed, wrought toge- 
 ther) : the wool of itself forms a f, 
 lanae per se coactam vestem faciunt, 
 Plin. 8, 48, 7 J. In neut. pi. as subs.: 
 to make tunics off., tunicas ex coactis 
 facere, Caes. B. 0. j, 44. 2. c5ac- 
 tilis, e : Edict I)iocl. in Fore. Xeut. 
 pi. coactilia, as subs., Ulp. Dig. J4, 2, 
 25} 1. 
 
 female : I. Subs. : femina : the 
 congress of male aiui f., congressio 
 maris et f., Cic. : if you nant to breed 
 f.s (ews), si {. generandae sunt. Col. 7, 
 l.med. ||. Adj. 1. femfna, only/. : 
 male and f. ikities, dii mares et I., Cic. 
 
 N. I). I, J4, 94: Col. 2. fcMUIKUS 
 
 (of women ; whereas femina is used also 
 of animals : chiefly poet ) : thef. sex, f. 
 sexus, Plin. : a /. voice, vox f. Ov : 
 Virg. : Tib. 3. nu'iliebris, e (of wo- 
 men) : the f. sex. m. sexus, Liv. : /. 
 attire, m. vestis, Nep. 
 
 female-slave : fanulla, ancilla (di- 
 min. ancillulu): v. slavk. 
 
 feminine : I. neUmging to a 
 luoman : niuliebris, femineus : v. fe- 
 HALE (II.). Or e.xpr. by gen. of fe- 
 mina, nnilier: v. woman. ||. Of 
 grammatlciil gender : 1, femlninus : 
 a./. rio«H, f. iionien, Varr. Quint. 2. 
 rauliebris. femineus (Uly): v. fkmale 
 (11.). Ill, W'l'manish, unmanly : xaa.- 
 liebris, effeminiitus: v. EFFEMfNATE. 
 fen: pilus, uligo : v. marsh, 
 fence (subs.) : l. seplmentum 
 
 (saep. : gen. lerin) a natural f.,m\.\\i- 
 rale s. (sepes viva"). Varr. R. R. 1,14:0 
 military f., militare s., Varr. 1. c. : Caes. 
 
 2. sepcs (saep.), Is,/, (of hush, wood, 
 etc.) : V. HEDOEU 3. septum (saep. : 
 more ti;.u. the enclosure itself): /.->•' 
 made for protection, a. quae tuUindl 
 causa fiunt, Varr. I. c. : v. enclosure. 
 
 4. maceria (o/■«^/ne) .- v. wall. 
 fence ("•)-■ |. ^ enclose: 1. 
 .sepio (saep.), psi, pium, 4 : to f. (put a 
 hrilge to) a coni-field. segelem s.. Col. 
 Fig.: nature hasfd the cies n-ith very 
 d'licale mrmbranes, naiuni ocvilos t<- 
 iiui>niniis membranu! scpsit, Cic. N. I). 
 2. 57, 142. 2. consepio, 4 (rare): 
 
 Lucr. 3. expr. by sepes, seplmentum, 
 etc., and a verb ; to f. a com-fteld, se- 
 g'-ii piaetendere sepi-ra, Virg. (}. i, 270; 
 a cottage, casijm sepis munimenio cin- 
 gere, i'liii. 17, 14, 24: V. preced. art. 
 
 II. To exercisr^ n ilh a S'ord or foil . 
 biituo, i, j; to f. vnth vi>odm S"Oids, 
 with fighting neajMns, rudibus, pugna- 
 toriis armis b.. Suet. Cal. 52. 54. Fig. 
 to ercule a question, lerglversor. i : v. ■10 
 
 SIH'KtLE. 
 
 fencer: Phr. : to be a good /., 
 gladii anis peritum esse, ba.sed on Sen. 
 Kp. 7, ;. 
 
 fencing (subs) ; as art, ars ludicra 
 annoruin, Clc.de Or. 2, 20, 84; gladii 
 aij, .Sen. Kp. 7, ?. Phr. to ijo through 
 f. exercise, gladio se exercere, Veg. 
 I, II. 
 
 fencing-master : (?) giadii ma- 
 
 girtter. 
 
 fencing-school : lodus : v. school. 
 fender : perh. foci pluteus : V. 
 
 IIRAIilJI. 
 
 fennel : feniculura : Plin. 
 
 fenny : paluster, iris, tre : v. MARMrr. 
 
 fenugreek : 1. foenum Craecum. 
 Col. 2, II, me^l.: Plin. 2. acgScgras, 
 ails, H.: I'liii 
 
 feod, feodal : v. feud, feudal. 
 
 ferment ("'^s.): |. Lit.: fer- 
 mentum : trread made without af., (i. e. 
 unhactned), sine f panis, Cels.: Plin. 
 Fig.: to lie in a f. of passion, in fer- 
 meiito esse, PI. Cas. 2. ;, 17: v. pas- 
 sion. II Fig : a stir, excitement- 
 1. turner, oris, m.: f. of mind, 1. 
 animi. Cic. fuse, j, 12, 26: /. of a fairs. 
 t. rerum, Cic. Att. i\, ; : Sen. 2. 
 ae-tus, lis (of thai uhich surges like the 
 tide) : f. (f the breast (lore), a. pectoris, 
 Ov. Her. 6. 25 : Lucr. : v. commotion. 
 Phr.: to be in a f.: (1). ferveo, bui, 
 2 ; also J (lit. to lioil) : the nhole path 
 is in a f. n-ith the wurk. opere omnis 
 seraita f., Virg Aen. 4, 407 : you will 
 see evf^ythiny in a /., omnia videbis 
 fervCre, Virg. G. i, 456. Fig. of pas- 
 sion, Hor. Kp. I, I, ?2. (2). tumeo, 2 
 (to suell ; be in a state of inflation) : 
 the ivise man's mind is never excited, 
 never in a f., sapientis animus nun- 
 quam targescit, nunquam t., Cic. Tusc. 
 }, 9, 19 : to be in a f. of wild fury, 
 rabii' fera t., Virg. : v. to swell. 
 
 ferment ( I'-) : A. Trans.: fer- 
 nieiito, I: barley bread nas f.'d with 
 ergot meal, panis hordeaceus ervi fa- 
 rina leimentabatur, Plin. 18, 11, 26: 
 Col. B. In trans.. 1, terveo, 
 bui, 2 ; also } : the nine is kept from 
 f ing ; so the transition from must to 
 wine is called, tervere problbetur viii- 
 um ; ita appellant niusli in viimm 
 transituin, Plin. 14, 9, 11. 2. 'e""- 
 nientor, i (as refl.) r tlie green fig is pre- 
 served in jars and allowed to f. there, 
 ficus viridis in amphora* condiiur et 
 ibi siiiitur I., Col. 12. 17, ad init. 3. 
 fermentesco, } (?): Plin. 17, 2, 15. 4. 
 dgfervesco, bui, t (incepilve: to begin 
 awl go through the process of fermenta- 
 tion) : Col. g, I ;./;». 
 
 fermentation : *fermentatio, as 
 t. t. (Or expr. by verb : v. to fer- 
 ment, B.) 
 
 fermented : 1. fermentiitus, e g. 
 panis, Plin. 2. fermeutaticius : Isid. 
 Or. 20, 2, 15 (fermentaiius, ed. Liiid.). 
 
 fern : 1. ff'i-''- icis,/". (gen. term) : 
 Virg Hor. 2. pteris, idis,/. (perh. 
 male fern, *a.spidliini (ilix mas, Moore) : 
 Plin. 27, 9 55 (from whiih passage it 
 appears that strictly pteris or blechnon 
 and thely pteris were species of lilis: 
 
 the foniier regarded as mule, the latter 
 feniole'). 
 
 femerv: fllictum (filectum): i.e. 
 a quant it II of fern grooving wild, V,{\\. 
 9, t. (Kor an artificial f., perh. •filice- 
 lum : cf arboretum ) 
 
 ferny : filicibus obsitus, obductus : 
 
 V. OVKKGROWN. 
 
 fern-owl ; caprlmulgus : Plin. 
 
 ferocious: 1. truculentug (esp 
 with ret. to the looks) : f. eyes, I. oculi, 
 PI. : a f. tigress, f. tigrls, Plin. : more 
 f. than a she-liear with cubs, feta trucu- 
 icntlor ursii, Ov. Met. i}. 8oj Cic: cl 
 FEROCIOUSLY. 2. trMX, triicis (like 
 preced., which is only a gtrengthein-<l 
 form of it): this grim and f. tribune 
 of the plebs, hic liorri.lus ac t. tri- 
 bunus plebis, Cia Agr. 2, 2;, 65 : a f 
 Jajce and Ihrratening eyes, t. facies 01 u- 
 lique menaces, Lucan : Tac. (fit-j.) 
 3. saevus, l?rus, atrox: v. fiekce, 
 CRUEL, savage. (N.B.— Not ferux, 
 which is rather high-spirited ; over- 
 weening : q. V.) 
 
 ferociously : truculente : cic : 
 Quint. (Or expr. bya</j. : how grimlii. 
 hoii- f. he valked alrng. quam tieter 
 inoedebat. quam triiculentus ! Cic. Sext, 
 8, 18: cf. L. G. i ?4J.) 
 
 ferociousness ) 1. triiculentia 
 
 ferocity < (rare) : PI. Tac. 
 
 (who uses the word ol climate. Ann. 2, 
 24). 2. saevliia v. CRUELTY. (.V.B. 
 Not feroclta.s, which may have a good 
 sense : cf. Cic. .Sen. 10, jj.) 
 
 ferret (subs.): vlverra, Plin. 
 
 ferret out («•)-• 1. rimor, I (to 
 pry into 11 hat is secret): Tac.: Gell.: 
 
 v. TO PRY, RUMMAGE. 2. expiscor. 
 
 I : V. TO FISH OUT. 3. enio, i, iitum, 
 J (to rake out) : Fig.: you willf. out, 
 if possible, who the U-n commissioners 
 were, sicunde potes, erues qui decem 
 legali lueiint, Cic. Att. i?, jo. 
 
 ferrugineOUS : 1. ferruglnens : 
 a spring (of n ater) with a f. la/te, foiis 
 f. saporis, Plin. !i,2, 8: also, of colour, 
 a f (iron-huejl) boat, f. cyniba. Virg. 
 2. ferratus : /'. (chalybeate) wcUers, 
 f. aquae. Sen. N. Q. }, 2. 
 
 ferrule : *lerreus (aeneus) annulus : 
 
 V. R1N(;. 
 
 ferry (subs.) .■ no exact word ; unless 
 perh. trajectus, us (lit. ciw.«iJi^; whence 
 the places so named : v. Forcell. s. v.). 
 Kxpr. by phr., *lociis ad flumen .«. aes- 
 tuarium ubi est scapha (navicula) ad 
 transvehendos homines parata: v. xn 
 CROSS. Charon's f.-boat is commonly 
 called cymba, Virg. : Hor. 
 
 ferry (»'•) : tnmsvgho, trajlcio, trans- 
 
 mitIO: V. TOCARIH \CROSS; TO CROSS. 
 
 ferryboat: 'scfipha, cymba: V. 
 
 FF.URY. 
 
 ferry"' an: portltor, jris. m. .• Sen. 
 Ben. 6, 1 8 freq. epith. of Charon, Virg. : 
 Prop. 
 
 fertile : 1. fortllis. e (capable qf 
 yielding aJjundance): rich andf. himls, 
 agri opinii et 1., Cic. : Me niofl f. parts 
 of Germany, fertilissima G' mianiao 
 loca, Caes. : with gen., abl.. or ace. 
 with ad : a landf. in com and catUf, 
 tellus fnigum pecorlsque f., Hor. I.iv. : 
 a land /". in trees, ager arlxnibus f., 
 Plin.: a di.4rict f. in every proluct, 
 tracius ad omnia f, Plin. (in Cic. fer- 
 tilis appears always to be u.st'd absol.). 
 Fig.: a ./'. bosom (of genius), f. pectus, 
 Ov. Pont". 4, 2, II. 2. feoundiis 
 
 (proiluctire ; actually yielding abun- 
 dantly): drainage, whereby the soil is 
 rendered much more f., fossiones agri, 
 quibus fit iniilto t<rra fecundior, Cic, 
 Sen. 15, 5J: usu. with gen., also abl.: 
 a land f. in mineral wealth, tellus 
 metiillorimi f., Plin. (in Cic. always 
 absol.). Fig.: ages f. in crime, f. 
 secula ciilpae, Hor. : lore is nwst f. 
 boVi 111 hmuy and gall, amor et melle 
 et felle est fecuniiissimus, PI. CIsi. i, 
 I, 70. 3. fBrax, acis (=feriilis; 
 
 same constr.) : mostf. lands, feracissimi 
 iigri. Caes. Cic : Iberia fi. in poisons, 
 Iberia venenorum f., Hor. Fig.: no- 
 thing can !>•' more f. than the mind, 
 uihil est leracius ingcniis. Cic. Or. 15, 
 
 29i
 
 FERTII-ELY 
 
 FESTOON 
 
 FEUD 
 
 48. 4. fiber, eris (abundantly pro- 
 ductive') : a f. soil, u. solum, Liv, 29, 
 5 5, jCm. (wliere immediately before fer- 
 tilissimus is used: cf. Prop, i, 22, 10: 
 Umbria terris fertilis uberibus, i. e. a 
 country naturally f., and therefore 
 richly productive) : with gen. : Just. 44, 
 }, med. Fig.: of all the orators of his 
 age he uas the most /., oratorum ex 
 aetata uberrimus erat, Tac. Ann. j, 31. 
 5. fetus : Cic. : v. teeming, pro- 
 lific. 6. 6pimus : a f. plain, o. 
 campus, Liv.: v. rich. Phr. : a man 
 f. in expedients, *homo ad res excogi- 
 tandas promplus ; homo versutus. 
 
 fertilely : fecunde : v. frditfullt. 
 
 fertility: 1. fertllltas (compar. 
 FERTILE, I.) : f. of soils, agrorum f., 
 Cic: Plin. 2. fecutiditas: v. fruit- 
 fulness, productiveness. 3. iiber- 
 tas, fiber: v. productiveness. Fig.: 
 /". and copiousness in speaking, ubertas 
 in dicendo et copia, Cic. de Or. i, 12, 
 init. Phr.: a man of great f. of re- 
 source, *homo ad omnia paratus ; in 
 agendo promptus ac versutus. 
 
 fertilize: 1. expr. by fertilis, 
 
 fecundus, ferax. etc.. and a verb : the 
 Euphrates f.s Mesopotamia, Mesopota- 
 miam fertilem efiRcit Euphrates, Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 52, no : v. fertile. 2. fe- 
 cundo, I (chiefly poet.) : the Nile f.s 
 Egypt with black mud, Nilus Aegyp- 
 tum nigra f. arena, Virg. 3. laeti- 
 f ICO, I (esp. with ref. to manure) : the 
 Indus f.s the country, Indus agros 1. [et 
 mitigat], Cic. N. D. 2, 52, ijo: the 
 bean serves to f. the soil in lieu of 
 manure, faba solum 1. stercoris vice, 
 Plin. Phr.: ice / the land by letting 
 in water upon it, aquarum inductioni- 
 bus terris fecunditatem damus, Cic, 
 
 fertilizing: 1. fecundus (by 
 
 meton. : the effect for the cause) : thef. 
 Nile, f. Nilus, Plin. esp. poet. : slaps 
 of the f. hand {of the Luperci), fecundae 
 verbera dextrae, Ov. F. 2, 427. 2. 
 fertilis (comp. preced.) : the f. Nile, f. 
 Nilus, Tib.: thef. goddess, i.e., Ceres, 
 f, dea, Ov. Met. 5, 642. 3. pinguis, e 
 (poet.) ; the Nile tirith f. stream, p. flu- 
 mine Nilus, Virg. Aen. 9, Ji. 4. 
 felix, icis (poet.) : the rivers bring down 
 the f mud, amnes f. trahunt limum, 
 Virg. 6. 2, 188. (N.B. The above expr. 
 have all a poetic cast : In plain prose a 
 circuml. must be used : e. g-,/. manures, 
 *stercorum genera quae ad agros laeti- 
 ficaiidos, fecundiores reddendos apta 
 sunt : V. to fertilize.) 
 
 ferule : feriila : my hand, too, has 
 smarted 'neath the f., et nos manum fe- 
 rulae subduximus, Juv. 1,15: Mart. 
 
 fervency: fervor: v. fervour: 
 chiefly of devotion : Phr.: to pray 
 T'ith the utmost /., *suiiinia animi con- 
 tentione orare: what f. there was in his 
 prayers, *quanti in precaiulo ardores ! cf. 
 L. G. § 591. 
 
 fervent: 1. ardens, ntis: to seek 
 death with more f. eagerness, mortem 
 ardentiore studio petere, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 
 61 : V. ardent. 2. flagrans, ntis 
 
 (Stronger than ardens) : /. {biirning) 
 love, f. amor, Hor. : Prop. : /. kisses, f. 
 oscula, Hor. Oil. 2, 12, 25. 3. impen- 
 sus (not so in Cic.) : Liv. : Suet. : v. 
 earnest. 4. fervidus (glowing) : v. 
 FERVID, fiery. Phr.: to feel a f. de- 
 sire, cupiditate, studio ardere, flagrare, 
 Cic. (V. eager) : to address f. entreaties, 
 omnibus precibus orare, Cic. Att. 9, 
 II (B.); impensissime orare (v. earn- 
 estly). 
 
 fervently: 1. ardenter: Cic. 2. 
 flagranter (stronger than preced.) : Tac. : 
 Front. 3. vghementer: v. earn- 
 
 estly. 4. *prolixe : he prayed the 
 more f., prolixius orabat, Vulg. Luc. 
 xxii. 4?. 
 
 fervid : 1. fervidus (glowing, im- 
 passioned) : a f. style of oratory, f. 
 genus dicendi, Cic. Brut. 58, fin. : Liv. : 
 V. FIERY. 2. calldus (puet.) : Hor. 
 Od. J, 14, 27. See also fervent. 
 
 fervidly: ardenter: v. fervently. 
 
 fervour : 1, ardor : V. ARDOUR. 
 2. fervor (gtoiving temper) : f. of 
 296 
 
 (youthful) age, f. aetatis, Cic. : /. of 
 heart, f. pectoris, Hor. Od. i, 16, 24. 
 3. calor (poet, and late) : youthful 
 /., juvenilis c. Quint. 2, 15, 28 : Hor. (of 
 love, Od. 4, 9, II). 4. impetus, iis: 
 V. impetuosity, fire. Phr.: (a man) 
 still in the f. of his youthful days, ad- 
 huc florente juventa fervidus, Hor. 
 A. P. 115. 
 
 festal: festus: V. FESTIVE. 
 
 fester : 1. suppuro, i : if the ab- 
 scess f, famix (al. sanies) si suppura- 
 verit, Col. 6, 12, med.: Cato. Fig.; 
 when sensuality begins to /., quum vo- 
 luptates s. coeperunt. Sen. Ep. 59, 18. 
 2. ulceror, exulcgror, i : v. to 
 ulcerate. Phr.: the ulcer grows and 
 f.s, ulcus vivescit et inveterascit, Lucr. 
 4, 1064. 
 
 festival (subs.) : 1. feriae : v. 
 holidays. 2. dies festus, or pi. dies 
 festi : to celebrate the periodical f.s of 
 the gods, dies f. et soUennes deorum 
 celebrare, Cic. : about the time of the f, 
 sub dies f., Cic. : the Syracusans keep the 
 anniversary of the day as a f., Syracus- 
 ani f. dies anniversaries agunt, Cic. Verr. 
 4, 48, extr. : to proclaim a f. to the city, 
 diem f. urbi indicere, Justin. 24, j. 3. 
 festum (poet.) : the f. of Venus, f. Ve- 
 neris, Ov. F. 4,^ 877 : Hor. : also pi. : f. 
 of the Idaean mother, Idaeae festa pa- 
 rentis, Ov. F. 4, 182. 4. sollenne, 
 solemne (soil.), is, n. (a f. as periodical) -. 
 a f. introduced from Arcadia, s. alla- 
 tum ab Arcadia, Liv. \, S : f.of Faith, 
 Fidei s., Liv. : also pi. : the f. of Isis, 
 sollennia Isidos, Prop. ?, Ji (jj), i : 
 Suet. Of the special names of f.s, the 
 foil, are the most important : /. of 
 Saturn, Saturnalia, orum and ium, n. 
 pi.: on the second, third, day of thef. 
 of Saturn,sec\indis, tertiis, Satumalibus, 
 Cic. Att. IJ, 52 : 0/ Quirinus, Qulrlnalia; 
 of Bacchus, Libgralia ; of Han, LQper- 
 calia; of the Manes, Feralia; of Ter- 
 minus, Terminalia ; of the mother of the 
 gods, Megalesia; of Ceres, Cerealia; of 
 Pales, Palilia ; of Faunus, Kauiialia ; 
 of Flora, Floralia; of Census, Consu- 
 alia; of the Lares, Compitalia; in 
 honour of the matrmis, IVl atronalia ; of 
 Minerva, Quiiiqnatrus, uuni, /. pi. and 
 quinquatria, onim and ium. At this or 
 that f, is expr. by the abl. without a 
 prep. (v. supr.) : as, the Finilenissians 
 suriendered to ?)ie on the inm-ning of the 
 Saturnalia, Satumalibus mane se mihi 
 Pindenissae dediderunt, Cic. Att. ;, 20, 
 init. : the gen. of names of f.s in ia, 
 is more usually iorum than ium ; in the 
 dat. and abl., ibus alone is used. 
 
 festival (adj.) .- festivus : v. foil, 
 art. 
 
 festive : 1. festus (strictly, apper- 
 taining to, or proper for, a festival): a 
 f. season, f. tempus, Hor. : the f. wreath 
 (given in token of victory), f. corona, Ov. 
 Met. 10, 598 : cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 459. In 
 gen. sense. /. peace, f. pax, Plin. 14, i, 
 ad init. : Plin. jun.: see also, festival 
 (subs.). 2. festivus (more freq. in 
 secondary sense ; gay, joyous) : in a f. 
 place (the theatre), in f. loco, PI. Mil. 2, 
 I, 5 : V. merry. 3. cglebratus (of 
 
 days, etc. ; attended by numbers) : a 
 more f. day, dies celebratior, Ov. Met. 
 7, 4;o: cf. Liv. }, 6}, med.: and fes- 
 TriAL, subs. (1). Phr.: inf. attire, 
 candidatus (white being the festive co- 
 lour), PI. Rud. I, ;, u : in f. attire and 
 wearing a ivreath, candidatus corona- 
 tusque. Suet. Aug. 98 : also, candide ves- 
 titus [lauteque exornatus], PI. Cas. 4, 
 T, 10 ; albatus (opp. to atratus), Cic. 
 Vat. 15, J I- 
 
 festively: festive: Pi. Mil. 2,1, 5. 
 See also, merrily, joyfully. 
 
 festivity: I, ^ joyous celebra- 
 tion : usu. pi. : soUennifi, soUemnia 
 (sol-) : the f.s of a wedding, s. nuptiarum. 
 Suet. : all the f.s and proper formalities 
 of the games, omnia s. et justa ludorum, 
 Cic. Harusp. 10, 21 : v. ceremonies. 
 II. Mirth, gaiety : ludus, festivitas : 
 
 V. MIRTH. 
 
 festoon (subs.) : sertum (usu. in 
 pi.) : f.s uf flowers adorn the rugged 
 
 mill, velant scabras florlda s. molas, Ov 
 F. 6, J12 : the altars breathe with fresh 
 f.s, s. recentibus halant arae, Virg. Aen 
 
 1, 417 : cf. GARLAND. 
 
 festoon («•) •• expr. by serta (v. pre- 
 ced. art.) and a verb: the altars f.'d 
 with flmrers, *arae sertis (floridis) in- 
 nexae : v. to entwine. 
 
 fetch : 1. arcesso, ivl, itum, j 
 (esp. with ref. to persons) : to f. Aescu- 
 lapius from Epidaurus to Rome, Aescu- 
 lapium ab Epidauro Romam a., Liv. lo, 
 47. fi'>^' (^- TO summon): also of things: 
 by what mode of carriage (the goods) 
 are to be f.'d, quo genere vectuiae ar- 
 cessantur, Cic. Fam. 7, 2}, 1, fin. 2. 
 accio, 4 (to call; hence only of per- 
 suns) : to f. soothsayers out of Etruria, 
 haruspices ex Etruria a., Cic. Harusp. 
 12, 25. 3. p6to, ivi and li, Itum, i 
 (to go tof. : not precisely in this sense 
 in Cic): things uhich we f. from be- 
 yond the seas, quae trans maria petimug, 
 Plin. 18,4, 19, } }. Fig.: tof. a deep 
 sigh, suspirium alte p., PI. Cist, r, i, 
 57 : a sigh f.'d from the bottom of one's 
 heart, latere petitus imo spiritus, Hor. 
 Epod. II, 10. Hence, repSto, j (tof. 
 back) : to f. gold home from any one, 
 aurum r. ab aliquo domum, PI. Bacc. 4, 
 5. 7- 4. excio, 4 (strictly, to call out, 
 call up) : he f.'d auxiliary troops out of 
 Germany, auxilia e Germania excivit, 
 Tac. H. 2, 97 : to f. up spirits from 
 their graves, aiiimas ex sepulcris ex., 
 Virg. Phr.: to f. water, wood, forage, 
 timber, aquari, lignari. pabulari, mate- 
 riari (esp. of soldiers), Caes. : to f. a 
 blow, plagam, ictum inferre (v. to in- 
 flict) : what was f.'d by the sale, quod 
 inde (ex vendltione) refectum est, Liv. 
 55, I, extr. See also to bring, get. 
 
 fetid : 1, foetldus : a f. mouth, f. 
 OS, Cic. : PI. 2. teter (taet.), tra, 
 trum (disgusting in any way) : v. nau- 
 seous, noisome. 3, gravis, e: the f. 
 water-snake, g. chelvdrus, Virg. G. 5, 
 41; : Hor. 4. graveSlens, ntis (yield- 
 ing a strong smell) : Virg. G. 4, 270 ; 
 Aen. 6, 201. 
 
 fetidness : v. fetor. 
 
 fetlock : 1. c6ronilIa: Veg. Veter. 
 
 2, 55- 2. cirrus (in articulo pedis) : 
 Veg. I, 56: v. Gesner. lypx. Rust. 
 
 fetor : foetor : Cic. : Plin. : t. smell. 
 
 fetter (subs.) : l. compes, pgdis, 
 m. (strictly, for the feet) : they put the 
 slaves in f.s, servis indunt (injiciunt, 
 impingunt) compedes, PI. : Ter. Often 
 fig. : in the f.s of the body, in corporis 
 compedibus, Cic. Tusc. I, 51.75: Hebrus 
 bound in snouy f.s, nivali c. vinctus 
 Hebrus, Hor. 2. pSdIca (only /or the 
 feet) : to confine the feet in f.s, pedes 
 pedicis coarctare, Apul.: v. snare. 3. 
 vinciilum (most gen. term) : v. chain, 
 imprisonment. 
 
 fetter («•) : I. L i t., to put in 
 fetters : alicui compedes impingere, in- 
 jicere: v. fetter (subs.). ||. Fig., 
 to hinder: 1. impgdio, 4: to be f.'d 
 in the use of one's rights, impediri in 
 .suo jure, Caes. B. G. i. j6 : v. to hinder, 
 HAMPER. 2. teneo, ui, ntum, 2 (to 
 hold, as it were entrapped) : you are 
 f.'d on every side (of Catiline), teneris 
 undique, Cic. : stronger still is contineo . 
 V. TO confine. 
 
 fettering (subs.): expr. by verb; 
 as, this order seems a f. of human na- 
 ture, *videtur haec descriptio naturam 
 hominum quasi vinculis quibusdam im- 
 peditani tenere. 
 
 fetterless: liber, vinculis sOliitus: 
 v. unfettered, free. 
 
 fetus: med. t. t.: 1. conceptus, 
 us: Plin. 27, 19, 77, ^ 248. 2. partus, 
 us : to destroy a f. (in the womb), p. 
 necare, Plin. : Cels. 3. fetus, iis 
 (foet.): V. OFFSPRING. Phr.: a dead 
 /., mortuus abortus, fis, Plin. 1. c: to 
 remove a f. from the womb xvith instru- 
 ments, matris uterum caedere, Plin. 7,9, 
 7 (mulieri partum excidere, Marcell. 
 Dig. II, 8, 2): iiidicationsofthefoi'niaf 
 tion of the /., Indices hominis inchoati, 
 Plin. 7, i, 0. 
 
 feud: I, -^ guairel: J, sim
 
 F 1-; V K K 
 
 F 1 1> D L K 
 
 F I E L U 
 
 ultas (resulting from some offence) : a 
 /. of old standing, vetus 8., Just. : to hf 
 atf. with any one, s. exercere cum ali- 
 quo, Cic ; s. gerere. Quint : to cheris'i a 
 /., s. nutrire, lac. : to lay aside a /., s. 
 deponere, Clc. : v. quarkf.l. 2. '"- 
 Iniicltia (must gen. term): often in pi. . 
 there v-us an old- standing f. betneen 
 him and . . ..erant ei veteres In. cum 
 . . ., Cic. : so, intertedebant ei. etc., 
 Cic. : to surrender ime's private fs for 
 Olio's country's good, in. suas patriae 
 donare, Clc. (■'am. ;, 4: v. hatred, ani- 
 mosity. 3. odium (the strongest 
 word) : v. hatrkd. 1|. Tech. t. of feud- 
 alism; a fief : *feudum: to confer a f., 
 feudum dare, feudo investlre (oX formal 
 investiture). Lib. Feud. : to accept a /., 
 f. acclpere, acquirere, lb.: to hold as a 
 /., pro f. tenere, ib. : to divest of a /., 
 feudo devestire, ib. : a king's or diieff., 
 regis or capltaiieum f., ib. 
 
 fever : 1. ffbris, is, /. .• /. «•« call 
 so from its heat, f. a fervore appellamus, 
 Varr. in Non. : to be attacked imth /., 
 febre corripl, I'lln. : to fall ill with the 
 /., in f. iiicldere, Cic : to have a /., f. 
 habere, Cic ; f. pati, Gell. : to toss iirith 
 heat and f., t. aestuque jactari, Cic.: to 
 be quite free from /., plane f. carere, 
 Cic : /. inci-eases, abates, keeps station- 
 ary, is relieved, passes au-a;/, t. augetur 
 (increscit), remiitil, consisiit, levatur, 
 deoedit, Cels. : to cure a f, f. abigere, 
 depellere, Plin.: to recover from af., ex 
 f. convalescere, Cic. : a hot, cold, slow, 
 /., f. ardens (Cels.), fripida (Plin.), lenta 
 (Cels.) : see also, infr. : a tertian, 
 quartan f., f. tertiaiia, quartana, Cels. 
 (as often without fehris) : t. quartis 
 (tertiis) diebus recurrens, Gell. 2. 
 febrlcaia (dimin. of febris : a slight or 
 mild /.) ; to be laid up for a long time 
 with slowf.s, Icntis f. diu detineri, Cels. : 
 Cic. (N.B. Febris Is not used In fig. 
 sense: v. ferment, kxcitf.ment.) 
 
 be in : 1. febriclto, i ; Sen. : 
 
 Cels. 2. febrio, 4: Col.: Cels. 
 
 feverish : tebilciilosus : ■ Cato : Gell. 
 P h r. : to be a little /., *f6bris aliquid 
 (nonnihil) habere: v. feveii (1.): to 
 have a f. attack, in fcbriculam incidere 
 (V. FEVER, 2). Par feverish In fig. sense, 
 V. excited, restless. 
 
 feverishly : fig- perh. *incltate tre- 
 pideque. 
 
 ' few : 1. pnuci, ae. a : a f. days 
 after the death of Africanus, p. diebus 
 post mortem Africani, Cic. : very f. 
 friends, p. admodum familiares, Cic. : 
 the poiver of af. (oligarchi/), paucorum 
 potentia, S;ilL: Jewer ships, pauciora 
 nuvigia, Auct. Bell. Afr. : the rest I tcill 
 dismiss in the fewest possibUi words, 
 cetera quam paucisslmis absolvam, Sail, 
 .lug. i-j, init.: to malce answer in f. 
 words, pauca respondere, Hor. S. i, 6, 
 61 ; also in abl. : I want just a f. words 
 with you, paucis te volo, Per. Andr. i 
 I, 2. Dimin. pauculi, quite a /., just a 
 f. : just a f. days, pauculos dies, Cic. 
 Att. 5, 21, ;: / want a vei-y f. words 
 v>ith you, pauculls te volo, PI. As in- 
 tens. form, also perpauci, ae. a. In all the 
 above constructions, Cic. : Hor. Dimin. 
 perpauculi, Cic. Leg. i, 21, 54. 2. 
 aliquot, indecl. (a few ; i. e several) : a 
 f. friends, al. amici, l>r. Phor. 2, i, 82: 
 Cic. : V. SEVERAL. 3. rurus (thinly 
 scattered) ; the harbours being f, indeed 
 scarce any, raris ac prope nuUis portibus, 
 Caes. B. G. ?, 12, extr.: Cic: Li v. 4. 
 parum multi (not many enough) : too f. 
 or too inadequate claims, parum m., 
 parum justae ncccssitudines, Cic. PI. }o, 
 ■72: Quint. Phr. : as f. as possible, 
 quam minime multi, Nep. 
 
 fewness : 1. paucitas : /. of (great) 
 orators, p. oratoruni, Cic. : Caes. 2. 
 raritas (of things /ar betiveen) : f of the 
 stars (on a clear night), v. stellarum, 
 PHn. 2, 18, 16: /. of ivords, r. dictorum, 
 Clc. de Or. 2, 60. ^^^ : v. scarcity. 
 
 fib : mendaciSlum or nieiidacium- 
 ctilum: Cic de Or. 2, 59, 241 : v. lie. 
 
 fibre: L fibra: fs of roots, ra- 
 dicum f., Cic Tusc j, 6, ij: the veins 
 
 venae in praetenues f. (al. flmbrias) dls- 
 {)ersae, Plin. 11, 57, 89. 2. capilla- 
 mentum (Itair-like) : those plants n hi'Jt 
 have not a perpendicular ro-it, support 
 themselves by means of a vast number 
 if f.s, ipiap HfCtam nun halwiit radicem, 
 plurimis nituntur c, Plin. 19, 6, jl. 
 3. Ilium : v. thread. 
 fibrous: fibratus: a f. root, flbrata 
 (al. fiinbrlata), radix, Plin. 27, 12, 80: 
 Auct. Priap. 
 
 fickle : 1. inconslans : v. incon- 
 si.stent, inconstant. 2. moWlis, e 
 (pliable; quickly citanging) : a f. dispo- 
 sition, m. animus, Cic: the (iauls are 
 f. in adopting new measures, Gulll sunt 
 in consllils capiendis m., Caes. B. G. 4, 
 5 : the mob off. liomans, m. turba Qui- 
 ritiuin, Hor.'Od. i. 1, T- a f. and un- 
 reliable race of men, genus hominum 
 m., infidum. Sail. Jug. 91. 3. ^^v^^ 
 e (without weight of cluiracter) : women, 
 pretty much like diildren, havef. minds, 
 mulieres sunt, ferme ut pueri, levi sen- 
 teiitia. Ter. Hec. j. i, ?2 : v.mouthless 
 4. miitabilis: v. changeable. 5. 
 inslabllis: v. unstable. 6. varlus 
 (poet.) : af. and changeable thing ever 
 is woman', varium et mutabile semper 
 femina, Virg. Aen. 4, 569. 7. ven- 
 tosus (shifting like the wind) : the suf- 
 frages of the f. mob, v. suiTragia pk-bis, 
 Hor. Ep. I. 19, }^^ : Lepidus, a m/)st f. 
 person (a perfect weathercock), Lepidus 
 homo ventosissimus. Brut, in Cic. Fam. 
 II, 9: af. temper, v. Ingenium, Liv. 42, 
 JO, med. 
 ficklely : inconstanter : Cic. 
 fickleness: 1. inconstantia : no- 
 body uiXl ever separate firrtune and f, 
 fortunam nemo ab In. [ei tenieritate] 
 sejunget, Cic. N. D. j, 24, 61 : v. incon- 
 sLSTENcr. 2. mutabilitas: v. changf.- 
 ableness. Join: inconstantia muta- 
 bilitasque | mentis], Cic. Tusc. 4. J 5. I^: 
 V. changeableness. 3. mobilitas 
 
 ( pliableness and liability to sudilen im- 
 pulse) :/. of character, m. ingenii. Sail. : 
 the f of the mob, m. vulgi, Tac. : the f. 
 of Fortune, ra. Fortunae. Nep. 4. 
 levitas (opp. to steadiness and gravity 
 of character): what is more disgrace- 
 ful than inconstaiuyy, changeableness, f, 
 quid est inconstantia, mulabililate, levi- 
 tate turpius? Cic. 5. infirmitas: fear- 
 ing thef. of the Gauls, i. Gallonun veri- 
 tus, Caes. B. G. 4, ;. 
 fictile : fictilis, e V. earthenware. 
 fiction: 1. commentum (a mere 
 invention) : the f.s of fancy time de- 
 molishes, oplnionum commenta delet 
 dies, Cic. N. I). 2. 2, 5 : some f. of a 
 marvel, c. aliquid miracull, Liv. i, 19. 
 2. fabula [histSria] ficta et commen- 
 ticia: Cic. Off. }, 9, jg : or with only one 
 of the adjj. : v. FiCTmous. 3. fidum 
 (deception): cf. Ov. M. 9, 767. Phr.: 
 he blends f. with truth, veris falsa re- 
 
 fiddle-faddle : Dugae, arum : v. 
 
 TRIKI.K-S. 
 
 fiddler: fldlcen, Inls, in. ; /. fidictna 
 (strictly, a player tn the fides: v. kid- 
 dle) : Cic. : Hor. : v. LTRIST. 
 
 fiddle-Stick: perh. •areas (violin- 
 ariiis). 
 
 fiddle-String : chorda, fides : \ . 
 
 STltlS(.. 
 
 fidelity: 1. ndeiitas: thef. of 
 
 friends, 1. amiiorum, Cic Phil. 12. 9, 
 22: PI. 2. fWi^S, 6i./. (f. objectively 
 considered ; whereas tidelitas is a 
 quality of persons) : Caetar commended 
 me to yourf., Caesar me t. vestrae com- 
 mLsit,"Caes. B. C. 2, }2 • to display /., f. 
 [constantiamque] praestare, Clc. Phil. 12. 
 11, }0: is tliit conjugal f., haecne raarila 
 f. .> I^op. 3. coiislantia (atlherentx 
 
 to word, engagement.') : f and truUiful- 
 ness in engagements, conventorum c. el 
 Veritas, Clc. Otf. 1, 7, 2J : v. supr. (2). 
 
 fidget ("•) •■ I. I r a n s. : soUlcito. 
 vexo, verso (cf Kiin. in Cic. Sen. ini( 
 cura quae te coquit et versat) : v. t<» 
 worry, DISQUIET. II. Intrans. : 
 
 perb. satago, j : cf. Quint. 6, ;, 54 : Ater 
 venuste Malllum Suram in agendo dis- 
 cursantem, salientem, manusjactantcin. 
 non agere, dixit, sed satagere: Petr. 58. 
 ad fin. 
 
 fidgetty : inquietus : v. restless. 
 
 fiduciary: '• e. held or holding in 
 trust: fiduciarius: a f. function, f. 
 opera (legaii), Caes. B. C. 2, 17. 
 
 fie (inlerj.) : \, phui, phy, phu 
 (implying disgust: coUoq.) : PI.: Ter. 
 
 2. P™. P''"b (with 7icmi. or ace.) : 
 f. on our senate and altered morals, pro 
 curia inversique mores! Hor. Od. j, 5, 
 7 : the notion of sliame may be more 
 fully expr. by pro pudor, Flor. 1,11 
 Petr. : v. shamf. 
 
 fief : *feudum : Liber Feud. : \ 
 FEUD (IL). 
 
 field: I. Agricultural: 1. a?er. 
 gri (in gen. sense: land for cultivatiim ) 
 a fertile f. (or land), a. feriills, Cic. 
 
 Tusc. 2, 5, IJ : V. LAND, TERRITORY. 
 
 Dimin. agellus af. of not more than a 
 single acre., agellus non major jugero 
 uno, Varr. j, 16, med. : Cic. Also agcl- 
 lulus : Cat. 2. arvum (arahle land): 
 the best f.s hai'e a crumbling soil, op- 
 tima putri a. solo, Virg. G. 2, 262: Cic. 
 
 3. pratum: v. meadow. ||. Mili- 
 tary : 1. campus (a plain ; suitable 
 for an engagement) : to Jight a pitched 
 battle in a clear and open /., sigiiis c<j1- 
 latis dlmicare puro ac patenii c, Liv. 
 24, 14 : to encounter in a fairf^ aequo 
 congredi c, Quint. 12.9, 2. Fig.: the 
 (open) f of equity, Clc Caec. 29. 84 
 
 2. lOcus [ad dimicanduml : Caes 
 B.C. J, 7}. 3. (the battle itself) &cieA, 
 proelium, etc: v. engaokjient, battlk 
 Phr. : in thef, mililiae, 'belli: at Aoni« 
 and in thef, doml mlUtiaeque, Cic: 
 
 miscpt, Hor. A. P. I?l: to frame f.s, "l.iv. ; domi belllque, PI. Capt prol. 68 : 
 
 mentiri (poet.), Hor. 1. c : a f. of the 
 poets, (res) a poetis ficta, Lact. i, 21, ad 
 fm. : the story is an entire /., *mera 
 'fabula est; omnino ficta, commenticia 
 historia est : a legal /., legls f., Paul. 
 Dig. 41, J, 15. (N.B. Not fictio, except 
 in the special sense given : though Lact. 
 has fictiones poetarum. 1, 21, ad fin.) 
 
 fictitious : 1. fictus : a f. story, 
 f. fabula. Cic. : imaginary and f. gods, 
 commenticii et f. dii. Cic. N. D. 2, 28, 
 70. 2. commenticius (itivetited, ima- 
 ginary): Cic: V. supr. (1), and ima- 
 ginary. 3. commentus: Ae heaves 
 feignea groans and tells of a f. death, 
 dm geinitus fictos, cque lunera narrat, 
 Ov. 4. falsus: V. false. Phr.: 
 to draiv arguments from a f. (hypo- 
 thetical) case, argunienta a fictlone du- 
 cere. Quint. ;, 10, 95. 
 
 fictitiously : tlcte (falsely, feign- 
 edhi): Cic. Dom. 29, 77. 
 
 fiddle (subs.) : fides, is, /. ; usu. pi. 
 (a stringed instrument ; but the ancients 
 did not Use the "bow'): v. guitar. 
 N.B. For distinctness sake * vlolina 
 (Med. Lat. giga) must be used (Kraft.). 
 
 fiddle (''•)•• fidibiis ('violina) cano. 
 
 disj.'ersed into extremely minute f.s, \ canto ; v. to play (on an instrument). 
 
 belli domique. Sail. Jug. 41 ; cf. Cic Off 
 2, 24, 85 . to tak-e the /., ad bellum pn- 
 ficisci, Nep. Alcib. 4, init.i after u-inter 
 quarters, ex hibemis inovere (sc. co- 
 pias), Liv. 27, J9; (copias) ex hlliemis 
 educere, Caes. B C. i, 10: he insistett 
 an taking the f. as soon as possible. 
 nitebatur ut primo quoqu* tempon> 
 castra fierent. Nep. Milt. 4: to come 
 off masters of the /., superiores, vic- 
 tores dlscedere (v. to oome off. 11.). 
 III. -"^cope. range: 1. campus (a 
 wide, ujioccupied s/xue ; as an arena): 
 there is a u-ide f. in the commnnueallh. 
 an open course' to renown, magnus est 
 in republica c, niultis apertus cursus ad 
 laudem. Cic Phil. 14, 6, 17: in this f. 
 Oie orator may roam at large, in hoc c 
 licet oratori vagari libcre, Cic. de Or. j, 
 }l, 124. 2. locus: what f. are you 
 looking for to display your talour. 
 qucm i. probandae virtutis tuae spoctas ? 
 Caes. B. G. ?, 44: what f. has art in 
 this, in hoc quid habet ars loci, Cic de 
 Or. 2, 2, 5. 3. area (an occupied 
 space) : here is af. worthy of my^cnias, 
 haec animo a. digna meo est. Ov. Am. }, 
 I, 26: a f. for crime, a. scelerum, Cic 
 Att. 9, 18. Phr.: thef. of history U 
 
 291
 
 FIELD-DA V 
 
 F 1 G 
 
 FIGURATION 
 
 iinctdtivatfd bi/ us, abest historia a lit- 
 teris nostris, (jic. Leg. i, 2, ; : in the 
 f. of science, phihisopky, etc., in scientia, 
 phllosophia, etc., (Jic. 
 
 field-day : *die^ quo militcs decur- 
 runt, exerceiiliii' he celebrated a f. in 
 honour of his father, tcith the legions, 
 honorl patris ipse cum legionibus decu- 
 currit, I'ac. Ann. 2, 7; the army cele- 
 brated a /., armatus exercitus decucur- 
 rit, Liv. 25, 17 ; / held a f. of the army 
 near Jconium. exercitum lustravi apud 
 Iconium, Cic Ati. i, 20, ad fm. : v. to 
 
 REVIEW. 
 
 field-fare : turdus pilaris (Bewick). 
 
 field-mar.shal : nearest term prob. 
 impfraiuF : v. general. 
 
 field-mouse: 1. mus agrestis: 
 Plin. 10, 65, 85. 2. nitedula: Cic. 
 Sext. n, T2. 
 
 field-piece: tomentum: V. ARTIL- 
 
 LEBV. 
 
 field-sports : v. hunting. 
 
 fiend: diabolus (.?): v. devil. Or 
 perh. iiiimicus {(xnvra. feinS). 
 
 fie dish : no exact word : perh. im- 
 manis is nearest . so atrocious, so f. a 
 crime {parricide), tantum lacinus, lam 
 immane, Cic. Rose. Am. 24, 68 : v. mon- 
 strous. P h r. : a perfectly f. disposi- 
 tion, *ingeiiium crudelius (atque iiihu- 
 manius) quara pro hominum natura: v. 
 
 CRUEL. 
 
 fiendishly : perh. inhumane : v. 
 
 INHUMAN LV. 
 
 fiei ce : 1. atrox, ocis (dark, un- 
 relentingly violent or cruel): f. hatred, 
 a. odium, Ov. Met. 9, 2"]4: a f. (obsti- 
 nate and sanguinary) engagement, a. 
 tertameii, Liv. j, i ; very f. vild bulls, 
 atrocissimi tauri silvestres, Plin 8, 21, 
 {O. Fig.: the f. hour of the blazing 
 dog-star, a. hura caniculae flagrantis, 
 Hor. Od. ), I J, 9. 2. saevus (raging, 
 a-uel) ■ f. lions, s. leones, Lucr. : Cic. : 
 V. <;ruel. 3. ferox, ocis (implying 
 untutored or impetuous courage : often 
 in good sense •. ci. ferocltas juvenum, 
 Cic. Sen. 10, jj: v. high-spikited) : a 
 f. boar, f. aper, Virg. Aen. 10, Tii : a 
 serpent f. nith pain, serpens dolore f., 
 Ov. Met. J, 68. Often in sense of over- 
 bearing, presumpluaus : q. v. 4. fe- 
 rns : V. WILD. 5. trux. triictilcntus 
 (botli having chief reference to appear- 
 ance): V. FEROCIOUS. 6. torvus: V. 
 stern, grim. 7. asper, era, grum 
 (lit. rough ; hence, acticdy hostile, pug- 
 nacinus) : f. (implacably hostile) Juno, 
 a. Juno, Virg. Aen. i, 279: very f. and 
 warlike (Carthage), studiis asperriraa 
 belli, Virg. Aen. i, 14 : /. hatred, a. 
 odia, Virg. Aen. 2, 96. 
 
 fierce, to be: 1. saevio, 4: v. 
 TO RAG K. 2. fgrocio, 4: Gell. 
 
 fiercely: 1. atroclter (for syn. v. 
 fierce) : to menace any one f, a. mini- 
 tari alicui, Cic. : to inveigh f against 
 any one, a. invehi in aliquem, Liv. : 
 Tac. 2. aspere : to accuse any one 
 f. and bitterly, a. et acerbe accusare ali- 
 quem, Cic: Veil. 3. saeve (esp. 
 poet.) : to gleam f (of eyes), s. micare, 
 
 Ov. : V. CBUELLY, SAVAGELY. 4. f^ro- 
 
 citer: to charge f. against, f. adequitare, 
 Liv. 9, 22 : to upbraid /., f. increpare, 
 PI. : Cic. 5. torva (neut. pL), torvum 
 (of aspect : poet.) : to eye /., torva tueri, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 467 : Stat. 6. trilcii- 
 lente : Cic. : Quint. : v. ferociously. 
 
 fierceness : 1. atrocltas (for syn. 
 V. fierce) : /. of temper, a. animi, Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 6, II : V. cruelty. 2. sae- 
 \1tia: /. of dogs, s. canum, Plin. N. H. 
 8, 40, 6i,'a(i med.:f. of the enemy, s. 
 hosiium. Sail. Jug. 7 : /. of the sea, 
 maris s., Veil, i, 2, 5 : v. cruk.i.tv. 3. 
 lerocitas, lerocia (often in gmi.! sense; 
 high spirit : the weakness of bojs and tlie 
 lieice Ihigli} spirit of youth, inhrmitas 
 puerorum et ferocitas juvenum, Cic. Sen. 
 10, J5) : often overbearing spirit, ar- 
 rogance : to curb any one's /., feroci- 
 tatem alicujus comprimere, Cic. Vat. i, 
 2. 4. aspeiilas: /. and cruelty of 
 nature, asperitas, immanitasque na- 
 turae, Cic. Am. 2}, 87. 5. impetus, 
 na {vehemence) : a young man of great 
 2g8 
 
 f. for battle, adolescens i. ad bella max- 1 factum (= sycites, ae, m.), I'lin. 14, 16, 
 
 'imi, Veil. 2, 5;, 2 : to withstand such f. 19. 2. grossus, 1, c. (unripe) : Cels. 
 of the winds, tantos i. ventorum sustin- Plin. Dimin. grossulus, a small green 
 ere, Caes. B, (i. i, n to attack others I /., Col. 3, carica (a di ted J. : stnctly 
 unth a blind /., in alios caeco i. incur- \ from Caria): Ov. Fast. 1, 185 : the fern. 
 
 rere, Cic. Hn. i, u, 44. 6. vis, /. .- 
 /. of the tempest, v. tempestatis, Caes. • 
 
 v. VIOLENCE. 
 
 fierineSS : iracundia ; V. passionate- 
 
 NES.S, ARI>OUR. 
 
 fiery: I. of fire; having the na- 
 ture of 'lire: 1. igneus: the f. sun, 
 i. sol, Virg. G. 4, 426- /. summer, i. 
 aestas, Hor. Od. i, 17, 2: gems of a f. 
 hue, gemmae i. colore, Plin. 8, }8, 57. 
 Fig. : /. vigour (of the soul), i. vigor, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 7J0: Ov. 2. ignifer, 
 era, eruni (fire-bearing: poet.): the f. 
 lightning, i.'fulmen, Lucr.: Ov. 3. 
 fervidus (charged with gloning heat): 
 f. Etna, f. Aetna, Hor. Kpod. 17, J2. 
 Fig.: more f. nine, tervidius merum, 
 Hor. Epod. 11, 15: v. GLOWING. 4. 
 ardens, ntis (burning ; on fire) : /. South 
 vnnds, a. Austri, Plin. : Hor. Fig.:/. 
 eyes, a. oculi, Virg. G. 4, 451 : cvps off. 
 Falemian, a. Falemi pocula, Hor. Od. 
 2, 1 1, 19. 5. flammeus (strictly, con- 
 sisting of flame or fire) : the stars are 
 of af. nature, stellae sunt natura flam- 
 meae, Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 118. Fig.:/. 
 eyes, lumina f., Ov. ||. Fig.: im- 
 petuous, eager : 1. ardens, ntis : a f. 
 speaker, a. orator, Cic. Or. 28, 99: v. 
 ARDENT, EAGER 2. vghemens, ntis 
 (energetic and vehement): Galba, even 
 in practising (rhetoric), f. and excited, 
 Galba etiam in mediUmdo v. atque in- 
 cen>us, Cic. Br. 22, 88 : a f. kind of 
 oratory, v. orationis genus, Cic. de Or. 
 2, 49, 200. 3. fervidus : a f kind of 
 speaking, f. genus dicendi, Cic. Br. 68, 
 241 : a man off. spirit, f. animi vir, Liv, : 
 Cat.: V. FERVID. 4. calidus (poet.): 
 /. Gradimis, c. Gradivus, Sil. : a horse of 
 f. spirit, equus calidus animis, Virg. G. j, 
 119. 5. lerox, ocis (high spirited and 
 impetuous : usu. to excess) : he tvas in 
 temperament f. and impetuous, natura 
 f., vehemens erat, Sail. Cat. 44, fin. : you 
 are too violent and f. by nature, nimi- 
 um es vehemens f.-que natura, Cic. Vat. 
 2, 4 . Liv. 6. cerebrosus : v. cho- 
 leric. N.B. —Ferox is esp. applicable to 
 the fiery, undisciplined courage of half- 
 civilised people : cf. Tac. Agr. u,a)ifm. 
 
 fiery-eyed : ardentes oculos habens 
 ardeniibus oculis : v. fiery (L 4). 
 
 fiery-footed : ignlpes, pedis ; Ov. 
 
 fife: tibia: the shrill /., t. acris, 
 Hor. : V. flute. 
 
 fifer : tlblcen, Inis, to. ; tibicina, /. : 
 
 v. FLUTE-PLAYKR. 
 
 fifteen: quindCcim: /. times, quin- 
 d6cies, Cic. /. Orpiece. quini deni, Liv. 
 P h r. : there is a f -fold return from the 
 seed, ex semine cum quinto decimo redit, 
 Varr. R. R. i, 44: the f. (a board of 
 oflicers), quindecimviri, Liv. 
 
 fifteenth : quintus decimus, Liv. 
 (only in late writers, quindeeimus). A 
 sohlier of the f. legion, (miles) quinta- 
 deciinanus, lac. Hist. 4, j6. 
 
 fifth (adj.) : quintus to be registered 
 every f. year, q. quoque anno censeri, 
 Cic. : f<n- the f. time, quintum. quinto, 
 Liv. P h r. : a soldier if the f. legion, 
 quintanus (miles), Tac. : happening 
 every f. year, quinquennalis, Cic. de Or. 
 
 i, 52, 127. 
 
 fifth (subs.) : quinta pars : three f.s 
 of an hour, q. partes horae tres (Georg.). 
 Af. in music, symphonia diapente (Sia 
 TreVre), Vitr. 5, 4, 7. 
 
 fifthly: quintum, quinto: cf. first 
 (adv.). 
 
 fiftieth: qulnquagesimus : Cic. 
 
 fifty : quinquaginta. Distrib., f 
 a-piece, quinquageni, ae, a, Cic. : /. 
 times, quinquagies, Plin.: amsisting of 
 /., quinquagenarius : e. g., a herd con- 
 sisting of f. mares, equarum grex qtiin- 
 quagenarius, Varr. R. R. 2, 10, ad fin.: 
 a jar holding f. (congii), dollum quin- 
 quagenarium, Cato. 
 
 fig : I. T>^^ fruit : 1, ficus, i 
 and cis, /. ; Cic. : Hor. : f. -seeds, ticl 
 grana, Cic. : Pliu. : f.-wine, vinum e tico 
 
 adj. Caunea (of Caunus), was also used 
 substantively: cf. Cic. l)iv. 2, 40, 84, 
 Ph r. : nut to care a f.for anything. aU- 
 qnid flocci latere or non iacere; aliquid 
 pili aestimare: v. straw (phr.). ||, 
 The tree : 1. ficus, i and iis,/. : Cic. : 
 Plin. 2. (t^ "^ild /•) caprif icus (or, 
 as two words, capri ticus) : Col.: Plin. 
 Phr.: o plantation of f.s, Jicetum, 
 Varr. : Plin. ; ficaria. Pall. : /. wood, 
 ligna ficuhiea, Varr.: a f. trunk, ticul- 
 nus truncus, Hor.: the f. galUinsect 
 hcarius culex, Plin.ii, J5, 41. 
 
 fig-pecker : f Icediila : Varr. : iHm. 
 
 fight (f) ■• 1. pugno, I (most gen. 
 teim) : to/, very bravely, foriissime p., 
 Caes. : Cic. . to f. on horseback, ex equo 
 p., Cic. Very otten used in pass, im- 
 ptrs.: both sides fought uell, acriter 
 pugnatum est ab utrisque: comp. L. G. 
 §6j2. 2. depugno, i (to f hard; to 
 the death): Toi quatus fought in single 
 combat (a I'outrance) witli a (laul, Tor- 
 quatus cum Gallo depugnavit, Cic. Fin. 
 2, 22, 7J: Caes. Esp. of combats of 
 , gladiators, where one party was nearly 
 certain to be killed : hence fig., one pair 
 is left to f. it out, pleasure and vii tue, 
 unuin par quod depugnet reliquum est, 
 voluptas cum honestate, Cic. Acad, a 
 46, 140. 3. propugno, I (to /. in de- 
 fence of): tof. in deftnce of one's off- 
 spring, pro suo partu p., Cic. !■' i g. : to 
 f. for justice, pro aequitate p., Cic. Oft. 
 
 1, 19, 62. 4. dimko, avi and ui, 
 atuni, I (strictly, to brandish weapons ; 
 hence olien used with armis, ferro, acie, 
 eic.) : to f. for one's country, ferro pro 
 patria d., Liv. i, 24 : to f. a battle, acie, 
 proelio d., Caes. ; also in acie d., Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 64; and absol., Caes. B. G. 5, 
 16. F i g. . to /. for honour and glory, 
 de honore et gloria d., Cic. 0£f. i, 24, 8j. 
 
 5. proelior, i (strictly, in a pitched 
 battl^^): the It^gions were f.ing on the 
 very banks of the river, legiones in ipsis 
 fluniinis ripis proeliabantur, Caes. B. G. 
 
 2, 2}: Curio fe'l f.ing, C. proelians 
 inlerficitur, Caes. Fig.: I fought my 
 battle keenly and vigorously (in the 
 Senate), acriter et vehementer proeli- 
 alus sum, Cic. Att. i, 16, init. 6. 
 certo, concerto, i (applicable to any 
 kind of strife or struggle) to f. with 
 fisis, heels, nails, even with the teeth, 
 pugnis, calcibus, unguibus, morsu deni- 
 que c, Cic. Tusc. ;, 27, 77: v. TO con- 
 tend. 7. bello, I (strictly distin- 
 guished from pugno as bellum from 
 pugna ; but used poet. = pugno) : to /. 
 idth tlie caestus, caestu b., Stat. ; tvith 
 the hand, manu b., Sil. Cf. Hor. Od. i, 
 18, 8: rlxa super mere debellata, a 
 quarrel fought out over the cups. 8. 
 digladior, i (with sword or dagger): to 
 f. with daggers, inter se sicis d., Cic. 
 
 Fin. i, 9, 20. Fig.- they may f. away 
 far all I care, digladientur per me licet, 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 21, 47. Phr.: to f. a 
 battle, proelium edere, commlttere ; 
 proelio congredi, etc. (v. battle; to 
 engage) ; to f. one's way through the 
 midst of the rnemy, per medios hostes 
 perrumpere, Caes. B. G. 6, 40. 
 fight (subs.) : pugna, certamen : v. 
 
 battle, CONTE.ST. 
 
 fighter: pugnator, praeliator: v 
 c05ieata:<t. 
 
 fighting (subs.) : expr. by ger. etc., 
 of verbs under to fight fond off. 
 pugiiaiidi cupidu>, Cic. : the f. could not 
 possibly have been more severe, ita pug- 
 natum est, ut acrius non posset pug- 
 nari, Cic. Fam. 10, jo. Sometimes the 
 pi. of pugna, proelium, will express it 
 (cf. L. G. ^ 591) : wearied with /., *de- 
 fessus pugnis, proeliis : v. battle. 
 
 fighting-cock: galMnaceus pyctes. 
 Col. 8, 2; appy. a jocose expr. tor avis 
 rixosa, 1. c. infr. 
 
 figment: commentum (e. g. opini 
 
 onis) : V. FICTION. 
 
 figuration: figiiratio: Plin.
 
 F I G U U A T I V E 
 
 FILL 
 
 FILM 
 
 figurative : 1. transirmis (trans- 
 ferred Iroiii (iiii- application tu another); 
 every thing is dei^ciibed in f. language, 
 far the sakt iif effect, omnia, quo esseut 
 clariora, translatis per similitudinem 
 verbis dicta sunt, Cic. de Or. j, J9, 1 51. 
 Join: translata et aliena [verba] : opp. 
 to propria el sua, Cic. de Or. j, }", 149. 
 2. assiimptus : /. expressions, as- 
 eumpta virboruni propritia.s, Quint. 10, 
 I, 121. I'lir. ; to use a f. repression, 
 verba [alicujus rei propria] in aliam 
 rem transferre, Cic. de Or. j, 42, i<>7 : 
 af. mode 0/ speech, traductio et iinniuta- 
 tio, Cic. de Or. 1. c. : the same is expressed 
 in a more ornamental manner by f. 
 tanguaye, iii(le.\o commutatoque verbo 
 res eadcin enuntiatur ornatius, Cic: a 
 f. ilyle, 'dictlo translatlonibus, tradut- 
 tlonibos, inimutatlonibub verborum dis- 
 tincta utque ornata. 
 
 figuratively : I' h r. : to speak /., 
 translatis [per similitudinem] verbis lo- 
 qul ; per translationem dicere ; v. pre- 
 ced. art. (llelaphorice, tropi.e, should 
 be reserved for critical language.) 
 
 figure {subs.) : I. Shape, outline : 
 1, figiira (most gen. term) the 
 human f. surpasses the form of all 
 other animals, onwiiinu aiiimantlum 
 lormam vincit lioniinis I., Cic. N. 1). i, 
 18, 48: V. sHAi'i;. 2. facle.s, ei ('/ 
 human beings): the beautiful woman 
 is slie whose entire f. ivins wlmiration, 
 formosa esi ci;)us universa f. adniira- 
 tionem abstulit. Sen. Kp. jj. >: esp. of 
 the face, q. v. 3. forma {any form) : 
 the female f., niulitbns f., Cic. Iiiv. 2, i, 
 I : V. FORM. Mutliemat. : {Arcliimedes'^ 
 interit on the f.s lie had drawn in the 
 duit, inientus fmniis quas in pulvere 
 descripserar, Liv. 2;, ji : v. diagram. 
 4. confornjaiio, Cic : v. shapk. 
 Phr. : to cut a f, partes agere (to play 
 a part) : vhat af. he cut, 'qualem per- 
 sonam ei quam indlgnam suscepii ! v. 
 CHAKACTKR (Vi.). ||. In painting or 
 sculpture : 1. signum (representa- 
 tion of something) : a f. painted on tlie 
 wall, s. pictum m pariete, PI. .Merc 2, 
 2, 44: a robe stiff I'ith {embroidered) 
 fjs and gold, palla signis auroque rigiila, 
 Virg. Atn. I, 6*3: see also stattjk. 
 Dimin. sigilla, orum (only pi.), small 
 f.s: a dish with admirable f.s, patella 
 in qua s. eraiit egregia, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 
 
 48 : adorned teith sucli f.s, sigillatus, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 14, J2. 2. typus {in 
 relief): f.s to let into plaster, typi qui 
 in tectorio possint includi, Cic Att. i, 
 10: Plln. 3. emblema, itis (a kind 
 of moveable figured decoration) : Cic. : 
 V. Uict. Ant. s. V. |||. In rhetoric : 
 
 1. figura (including any /._ of 
 speecfi): (iuint. (), 1, I. 2. translatio 
 (a metaphor) : f.s were introduced 
 through porerty of speeeh, verbi tr. insti- 
 tnta e.'it inopiae causa, Cic de Or. j, j8, 
 
 155 : V. FIGURATPVE, FIGURATIVELY. 
 
 ■ figure (v)-- fingo, i: V. TO FORM, 
 
 IMAGINK. 
 
 figured {part- arfj.); i. e. adorned 
 with figures: 1. sigillatus:/. cups, 
 scyptii s., Cic. Verr. 4, 14, ?2. 2. 
 cSLeXaUis {m ought irith a graving tool, 
 chased) : f. ressels {plate), c. vasa, Llv. : 
 
 V. TO CHASE. 
 
 filament : capillamentum, f ilum : 
 
 V. FIBRE, THREAD. 
 
 filbert: V^^^- "ux avellana, Plin. 15, 
 22, 24. (The f.-tree is a variety of 
 corylus avellana, Linn.) 
 
 filch : 1. e. to steal slily : 1. sur- 
 ripio, ripui, reptura, i : to f. a single 
 peck of beans out of a thousand, de 
 mille fabae modiis unura s., Hor. : Cic. 
 
 2. suppilo, I : to f any one's 
 vruintl'e, pallam alicui s., PI. 3. suf- 
 furor, I : Joined with suppilo, PI. Tr. 2, 
 
 7,1?: V. TO STEAL. 
 
 file {subs.) : I. For receiving papers : 
 perh filum [cui insenintur schedae (sche- 
 diilae) ad conservardas eajs] : or scapus, 
 a kind of roller for papers: cf. Prin. 
 ii,il,lj,adfin. II. In milit sense ; 
 a line of troops in depth : ordo, inis, 
 m : Caes. : Cic: v. rank. Phr.: 
 rank and /.. miUles. |||. ne tool 
 
 so called: 1. lima: the viper bit the 
 f., vipera 1. momordit, Phaedr. : to 
 polish ani/ttiing uilh the f., lima ali- 
 quid iKilire, Plin. F \ g. : f-vork, i. e. 
 elaboration, lal-or limae, Hor. A. P. 
 291. 2. sc6bina u^ed by carpen(>')s, 
 as the lima by smitlis : Varr. L. L. 1, 
 i, 68, scobina labrilis lima est : cf. Plin. 
 11, 11, 68. 
 
 file (i-')' I. To put pia per s upon a 
 f. : perh *schedas Hlo inscrere, in scaptj 
 involvere: \ . r n.v. {subs.) ||, Tu rub 
 with the tool so called : 1. linio, i 
 to f. precious stones, gemmas 1., Plin 
 2, polio, 4 (implying the use of a 
 fine file) : v. pieced, art. (HI); and 
 T<j POLISH. Ill, To bring au action 
 against: intendo, j: v. action. 
 
 filial : chiefly in phr., /. duty, affec- 
 tum, etc.: pifitas : justice tonards the 
 goils is called religion, towards parents 
 f. duty, Justitia erga deos religio. erga 
 parenles p. nominatur, Cic. I'art. 22, 78 : 
 the hist ollices off. a^ection, solleiinia 
 pietaiis, Tac Phr.: if is a f. duty, 
 tilioium or liberonim est : v. L. G. § 
 266. 
 
 filially : pie, Cic : most /., cum 
 sunima pietaie : v. preced art. 
 
 filigree : perh. diatreta, orum : 
 Jhin. 12, ■o, 9. 
 
 filings ; 1. scSbis, is, and sajbs, 
 bis,/.; (lori//., eboris s., Cels. : goldf., 
 s. auri, Lanipr. : copper f., s. aeris de- 
 llmata, Plin. 2, e.\pr. byper/.part. of 
 limo : lead /., plimibum limatum, Plln. 
 J4. '8, SO. 
 
 fill ("■)■• A. Trans.: |. Lit.; 
 to make full : 1. inipleo, Cvi. eium, 
 2 (usu. with ace. and abl. ; also ucc. and 
 gen.) : she J.'d a bout with wine, ini- 
 plevit paterain mero, Virg. : to f. a put 
 with denaries, ollani denarlorum i., Cic 
 F.im >y, 18: Virg.: waxing vioinis f. 
 out the shell-fish, nascentes i. conchylia 
 lunae, Plin.: Xei'tunef.'d the sails with 
 auspicious gales. Neptunus veiitis Im- 
 plevit Tela secundis, Virg. See also 
 inf. (11.). 2. compleii. evi, etuni, 2 
 {to f. completely : san.j constr. as pre- 
 ced.) : they f. up the trenches with fag- 
 guts and bushes, fos-sas sarmenlis et 
 virgultl- complent, \Av. : a prison f.'d 
 with traders, conipletus raercatorum 
 career, Cic: to/, a pai.e (with writing), 
 paginam c, Cic Att. 1;, 54: theyf tlie 
 n hole plain, onmeni planitiem complent, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 70. 3. expleo, 2 v. 
 TO FiLLtJP. 4. repleo, 2 (stricily, to 
 /. again, sometimes simply to Jill) : to 
 f. oneself with food, se esca r., PI. : to/. 
 the plains with cai-nage, campos strage 
 hominum r., Liv. 9, 40, ad med. 5, 
 oppleo, 2 (to /. to clioking) : PI. : Varr. 
 6. suppleo, 2 (to/, up what is lack- 
 ing) : V. TO FILL UP, SUPPLV. 7. ^U- 
 mulo, 1 : v. TO HEAP, PILE. 8. OC" 
 
 cupo. I (to take possession of, coier) : to 
 f. the 'I'yrrhene sea ivith heion stimi, 
 Tyrrhenum mare caementis o., Hor. Od. 
 J. 24, J. n. ''<' per cade; as sounds, 
 etc. : 1. cmpleo, 1 : the sound fs 
 
 the ears, sonus aures c, Cic. Rep. 6, 18 : 
 Hor. 2, repleo, 2 : to f. the groves 
 and mountains with moaning nemora 
 ac monies gemitu r., Lucr. ?, 992. 3. 
 impleo, I : theii f. the rocks with lacry- 
 meise cries, scopulos implent lacrymosis 
 vocibus, Virg. Aen. 11, 274. 4. cSl- 
 ebro, concelebro, i (of sounds re/ieateil 
 again and again): my ears are every 
 day f.'d with rumours, fama, nuntiis 
 celebrantur aures quoiidie meae, Cic. 
 Prov. Cons. 9, 22 : esp. poet., to /. all 
 the street with song, cantu cone, omnem 
 plateam, PI. Cas. 4. j. i: v. to per- 
 vade. III. To inspire with some 
 emotion : 1. impleo, 2 : to /. the 
 multitiule \vith unfoinnied expectation, 
 multitudinem eN>pectatione vana i., 
 Liv. 52, 29: Hor. 2. compleo, 2 
 (stronger than preced.) : to /. any one 
 II ith joy, aliqiiem gaudio c, Cic Fin. ;, 
 24, 69 : rarely in this sense with gen. ; / 
 i/-i7( /. them 'with delusiiit, erroris illos 
 complelK), PI. .\mph i, 2. 9. 3. 
 
 expleo, 2 irare in this sense) : Ter. : v. 
 TO SAiisFy. 4. repleo, 2 (rare in 
 
 this sense) : tof. one's count' y " iUi joy. 
 patrlam laetiti'u r.. Veil. 2, 10;, 1. 6. 
 perfundo, fudi, sum, | (Hi. to drench, 
 bathe with : a strong expr.) : yt gods .' 
 uhat Iwrror f.'d me, dii lmnll)rlale^ qui 
 nie horror perfudit ! Cic. Att. 8. 6 to 
 fee f.'d {beyond measure) with joy, gau- 
 dio perlundi, Liv. g. iujiiio, Jt-cl, 
 jecluin, J (lit. to put into: wiiha<c. and 
 dat.) : V. to IN.SPIRK WITH. IV. "Po 
 discliarge an office: fungoi (with aOL), 
 ggro: v. to discharge, fulfil. B. 
 I n t r a n s. : to become full : expr. by 
 pass, reflect, of compleo, Impleo, etc. 
 tlie ditches f., Impleiitur fossae, Vlig. Ij. 
 I, p6 . or invert tlie sentence, expres^- 
 Ing by the act. voice : the ships of u>ar 
 were f.ing with uater as the tide oime 
 in, naves longas aestus coniplebat. Cues. 
 B. G. 4, 29. P h r. : Uie hold fj ivilli 
 vxiter, haurit alvus aquas, Ov. Fast. }. 
 492 ; iiavis imbrem (aquam) acciplt, 
 V irg. Aen. i, 12J. 
 
 fill in: insfiro, ul, rtum, i: v. !<■ 
 insert. 
 
 out: 1. impleo, 2 . moderate 
 
 exercise fjs out tlie body {makes it stout), 
 im. corpus modica exercitatio, Cels. : v. 
 TO FILL (A, 1.). 2. tumelacio, inflo: 
 
 v. TO .swell, INFLATE. 
 
 up : 1, expleo, 2 ; theyf, up 
 
 the ditch irith the material oj tlie mouni, 
 fossam aggere explent, Caes. B. G. "j, 
 79: / have f.'d up four ii luie paget 
 (with writing), explevi tolas cents qna- 
 tuor, PI. Cure ?, 40. Fig.: to f. up a 
 number, numerum ex., Caeii. : to /. up 
 a ihficiency, quo<) deest ex., Cic. iJr. 42, 
 1 54- 2, compleo, 2 (to/, complrlelfi) : 
 V. T(j fill(A, 1.). 3. suppleo, 2 (esp. 
 to make up a deficiency) : f. up the 
 basket from time to time, flscellam sup- 
 pleio identidem, Caio, R. K. 88 : the 
 hollow wiHnkles are f.'d up, cavae sup- 
 plentur rugae, Ov. Mel. 7, 291. Fig. 
 to /. up the gaps (lit. losses) in </<• 
 anny, s- damna exercilus, Tac Ann. 1 , 
 
 Li (cf. legiones supplemento eicplevii. 
 iv. I, JO). 
 
 filled {part- adj.) : 1. rSfertus 
 (with abl. or gen.): Italy ivas "tier J. 
 with Pythagoreans, r. quondam Pytha- 
 g|^reorura full, Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 154: v 
 FULL. 2. satur (of guesis that hate 
 taken enough) : v. fcu,, satisfied. 
 
 fillet : I. for the hair : \, 
 \\itj, {whether woitt religiously or not): 
 to bind the hair with a /., vincire vitt* 
 comas. Prop. 4, 1 1, 24 : tite f.of a maid 
 (norn prior to marriage), virglnea v., 
 Val. Fl. Esp. as decorating priests, 
 vixtims, suppliants, alfars : matrons 
 graced vilh the suppliant /., deiorae 8. 
 vitiae matres, Hor. Od. i, "14, 8 : altars 
 gloomy with dark f.s, arae caeruleis 
 moesiae vittis. Virg. Aen. }, (14. Hence, 
 wearing a f. viiiatus: hair bound with 
 a f., V. capilli, Ov. : Liican. 2. in- 
 fula (only religious) : to bind the temples 
 with a /., lempora inlula rediniire, Virg. 
 Aen. 10, 5}8: utu-n pi., priests with 
 f.s and sacieii hrbs, sacerdotes cum 
 infuUs ac verbenis, CSc Verr. 4, 50, 
 no. 3, fascia, rgdimiculum (appli- 
 cable to any kind uj head-band): T. 
 I BAND. II. Architeetmal : 1. ex- 
 I presslo: Vitr. 4, 4. fm. 2. Uienia 
 (in lioric arch.") : Vitr. 4. i. 4. 
 
 fillip {subs.') : i. e. o rap with the 
 finqer, talitnnii. Suet. Tib. 68. 
 
 fillip ('"■) -■ I' '> r- : to /. a person on 
 the head, alicujus caput talllro ferire: 
 V. pieced, art. 1. r. Or perh. velllco. 1 
 (to give a pull, to twitch) : cf. (^ulnt 
 6, I, 41. 
 
 filly : equfila : Varr. 
 film : 1. menibrana (thin skin) : 
 fs giren off the suifaoe of things, m. 
 suitimo de corpore renmj den^plac, 
 Lucr. 4, 44 (?t). Wmin. menibraniila 
 (a very fine, thin stin). Cels. 2. in 
 tig. sens*- : caHgo, Inis, /. 0"- dimnus : 
 a tilm-l ike obstacle to visum): theiehas 
 been a f. orrr my eyes, mi ob ocuU* t. 
 obstetisie. PI. Mil. 2. 4, S<- 3. nubes, 
 is. /.(lit a cloud: like preced.^: J will 
 reinove th J. which dims thy mortal 
 vision, oimiem n- quae morlales hebetal 
 299
 
 FILMY 
 
 F 1 IV D 
 
 FINE 
 
 visas tibi eripiara, Virg. Aen. 2, 606 : 
 * if our understavd\.rtff have a f. of ig- 
 rwromce over it" (Milt.), *si mentis acies 
 nabe quadam ignorantiae obducla sit. 
 
 filmy ; membranae (membranulae) 
 natnram habens. In fig. sense, obscu- 
 ns, caliginosus : v. dim, dakk. 
 
 filter, filtrate: I. Trans.: <o 
 pass through a filter : 1. colo, i : 
 tte earth f.ing Vie water, terra (aquam) 
 CDlante, Plin. ji, j, 2J ; CoL : v. to 
 STRAIN. Also comp. percolo, to f. 
 through, Plin. : Cato. 2. Hquo, 1 (to 
 clear) : f.'d water, liquatae aquae, Plin. 
 Ji, J, 22 : Ilor. (who uses it of straining 
 wine when decanted, Od. 1, 11, 6). 
 3. sacco, I {artificially ; by a bag) : 
 f.'d water, saccata aqua, Sen. Kp. 86, 
 10: Pirn. 4. Cdslvo,! (of xvine only; 
 as it loses strength by the process) : to f. 
 wines, vina sacco c , Plin. 18, 1, 17. ||, 
 Intrans. : to be strained through, per- 
 color, I : V. TO percolate. 
 
 filter {subs.) : 1. llquatorium (a 
 wine-strainer) : Coel. Aut. 2. sac- 
 cus {a kind of bag) : v. preced. art. (3, 
 4) : Plin. See also strainkb. 
 
 filtering : percolatlo : Vitr. 8, 6, (7), 
 An. 
 
 filth: I. Lit.: 1, coenum 
 (gen. term : offensive mire) : f. of 
 sewers, c. cloacarum, Cie. : Col. : be- 
 smeared with /., coeno oblitus, Cic. : v. 
 TO BESMEAR. F i g. : to ivaUow in gloom 
 and /., in tenebris volvi c.que, Lucr. 
 J. n- 2. sordes, is, /. ; usu. pi. (/. 
 resulting from uncleanly habits : but 
 oftener in fig. sense : v. meanness) : ears 
 suffering Jrom accumulated f., auriculae 
 collecta s. dolentes, Hor. Ep. i, 2, 5J: 
 let the nails be free from /., sint sine 
 sordibus ungues, Ov. A. A. 1, 519. Freq. 
 a term of contempt : amongst tlief. and 
 dregs of the city, apud sordem urbis et 
 faecem, Cic. Alt. i, 16, 6. 3. squalor 
 (a st<ite of personal shabbiness and 
 dirt) : covered with f. and dust, s. ple- 
 nus ac pulveris, Cic. Verr. j, 12, Ji : 
 clotlies covered vith /., vestis squalore 
 obsita. Liv. 2. 2j, ad 'init. 4. paedor 
 {personal offensive state : stronger than 
 preced.) : limbs disgustingly covered 
 with f., membra paedore horrida, Lucr. 
 6, 1269: disgusting f., foedus p.. Sen.; 
 cf. Cic, Tusc. J, 12, 26. 5. coUilvies, 
 el ; also coUiivio, onis (strictly, that 
 which has been washed together ; a mass 
 of impurity) ; a sewer is a hoVotv place 
 through which tlie f. flnirs. cloaca est 
 locus cavus per quem coUuvies fluit, 
 Ulp. Dig. 4J, 22, I /. of sewers, collu- 
 vioaes cloacarum, Arnob. : Cic. (who 
 uses the word fig.: cf. Cic. Sen. 2j, 85). 
 6. illuvies. ei (as resting upoti any- 
 thing) : covered withf. and dust, illuvie 
 ac squalore obsitus, T.ic. 7. l»tum 
 {mud of any kind ; v. dirt, mire) : PI. 
 II, Fig.; moral impwity: im- 
 piirTtas, foedltas, obscaenitas : v. ob- 
 scenity, rMPURITF. 
 
 filthily : foede, spurce : v. foully. 
 
 filthiness: I. Lit.: l. foe- 
 
 ditas : v. foulness : 2. squalor : v. 
 FILTH (I, 3). II. Fig.: moral im- 
 purity : obscaenitas, etc. : v. filth (II.). 
 
 ^thy : I. L i t. : 1. immun- 
 dus : f. touch (of the Harpies) contactus 
 i., Virg. Aen. J, 228. 2. sordidus: 
 V. uiBrr. 3. spurcus (»iai<v) ■■ things 
 f. in appearance and smell, quae spuica 
 sunt aspectu et odore, Lucil. in Non. : 
 af. vessel, s. [atque poUutum] vas, Gell. 
 Often used as term of contempt: you 
 most covetous and f. feUoiv, homo ava- 
 rissime et spurcissime, Hor. : Cic. Verr. 
 2. I, i1> 94 : Mart. 4. liitulentus 
 {muddy, living in mud) ; the f. sicine, 
 1. sus, Hor. 5. foedus {offensive in 
 a/nyway): v. foul, disgusting. ||. 
 Fig.: in moral sense : 1, obscaenus : 
 V. OBSCENE. 2. inquinatus {polluted) : 
 most f. conversation, inquinatissimus 
 sermo, Cic. Verr. i, 26, 65 : v. impure. 
 3. liitulentus (rare) : that /., im- 
 pure, luUeful character, persona ilia I., 
 impiira, iiivisa, Cic. Rose. Com. 7, 21 
 
 filtration: pp-colatlo: Vitr. 
 
 fin: pinna: Plin. 9, u, 15. 
 
 final: ultlmHs. extremus: v. last, 
 EXTKEMB. Join: extremum atque 
 ultiraum Senatus consultum, Caes. B. C. 
 r, 5. Phr. : a /. cause, *ea causa quae 
 flnem spectat : *causa finalis, (as phil. 
 t. t. : in diff. sense, Donat. ad Ter. Eun. 
 5, 5, 18): or sometimes finis, cf. Cic. 
 Fin. }, 7, 26. 
 
 finally : 1. postremo : all cities, 
 lands, nay kinydotns, f. even your reve- 
 nues ha>ie been jmt up for sale, omnes 
 urbes, agri, regna denique, p. vectigalia 
 vestra venierunt, Cic. Agr. 2, 2i, 62. 
 2. denique (often not in strict 
 sense, but = moreover, as in preced. ex. ; 
 freq. in appeals): /. what have we left, 
 except . . .y d. quid reliqui habemus 
 praeter . . . . , Sail. Cat. 21. 3. ad 
 extremum : i. e. ot last : q. v. 4. 
 in winding up a discourse : quod super- 
 est, quod reliquum est {^as for the 
 rest): Cic. Att. 9, 19; cf. Cic. Fam. 
 7, n- 
 
 finance : expr. by aerarium ; tlie 
 department of /., cura aerarii. Suet. CI. 
 24 : in this embarrassed state of the f.s, 
 in his aerarii angustiis, Cic. Agr. 2, 14, 
 j6 (cf. publicae pecuniae angustiae, Cic. 
 Fam. 12, }o, ad med.). 
 
 financial : ad aerarium [fiscum] 
 pertinens (v. preced. art., and trea- 
 sury). Phr.: the administration of the 
 f. department, cura tabularum pulili- 
 "carum (cf. Tac. Ann. i j, 28 : ne multam 
 quaestores aerarii in publicas tabulas 
 referrent) ; a board of five for f. re- 
 form, quinqueviri minueiidis sumptibus 
 publicis, Plin. Ep. 2, i, 9. 
 finch : fringilla, Varr. : Mart. 
 find : 1. invgnio, veni, ntum, 
 
 4 (to light upon : with or urithout 
 search) : neither at home nw in the city 
 do I f. any one ivho . . ., neque domi 
 neque in urbe invenio quenquam, qui, 
 etc , PI. : he f.s the ships ready to sail, 
 naves ad navigandum paratas invenit, 
 Caes. B. G. ?, 5 : / ./'. 'his {stated) in 
 authoi-s, id apud auctores invenio, Liv. 
 2, 8. Less freq. with ace. and inf. : he 
 found from the pi-isoners that the river 
 was not more than 10 miles off, invenie- 
 bat ex captivis flumen ni>n amplius mil- 
 lia passuum X abesse, Caes. B. G. 2, 16. 
 See also to find out. 2. repgrio, 
 peri (repperi), pertum, 4 (usu. with 
 the notion of getting or recovering some- 
 thing ; oftener after seardi) : to f. a 
 treasure, thesaurum r, PI.; Glycerium 
 has found her parents, Glycerium suos 
 parentes repperi t, Ter. And. 5, 6, 5 : a 
 very few, falling in with some boats, 
 found safety, perpauci lintribus inventis 
 sibi salutem repererunt, Caes. B. G. i, 
 5 ; : it is very hard to f. true friend- 
 ships, verae amicitiae difficillime reperi- 
 untur, Cic. Freq. of ascertaining by 
 search : respecting their manners Caesar 
 found as follows, quorum de moribus 
 Caesar sic reperiebat. Ones. B. G. 2, 15 : 
 17! other respects xoe shall be found equal, 
 ceteris rebus pares reperiemur, Cic. 
 Am. 17, 64. 3. nanciscor, nactus, } 
 (to get, fall in with, by good fortune) : 
 tof. a person disengaged, aliquem otio- 
 sum 11., Cic. Fin. i, 5, 14 : to /. huge 
 game, immanes belluas venando n., Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 64, 161 : Caes. : v. to get. 
 4. offendo, di, sum, } {to hit upon, 
 meet irith) : to f. a person unprepared, 
 aliquem imparatum of., Cic. Fam. 2, j : 
 ive fimnd her busy at the loam, texen- 
 tem studiose ipsam ofTendimus, Ter. 
 Heaut. 2, 3, 44. Less freq. with ref. to 
 inanimate ol^ects : Terentius, while hoe- 
 ing his field, found a chest, T. agrum 
 repastinans, arcam offendit (struck upon 
 it), Plin. 1}, I J, 27 : you tvill not f. the 
 same feeling among good citizens, non 
 offendes eundem bonorum sensum, Cic. 
 Fam. 1 , 9, Tned. Phr.: to f. pleasure 
 in anything, voluptatem capere ex ali- 
 qua re (v. to derive, feel) : to f. a 
 man guilty, damnare (v. to condemn) : 
 to /. fault, vituperare, accusare (v. to 
 BLAME ; and fault) : to f. by experi- 
 ence, experiri (v. to experience) : not 
 to be found (not forthcoming), non com- 
 parere, Cic. Clu. 64, 180. 
 
 find out: 1. compgrto, pfiri, 
 
 rtum, 4 (to obtain information by 
 search : foil, by direct ace., or ace. and 
 inf.) : tof. out and detect a crime, faci- 
 nus c. atque deprehendere, Cic. (v. to de- 
 tect) ; they found out that a bridge was 
 building, pontem fieri compererunt, 
 Caes. : v. to discover. 2. cognosco, 
 novi, nitum, } : v. to ascertain. 3. 
 invenio, 4 : v. to find (1, fin.). 4. 
 rescisco, ivi, itum, j (to f. out what was 
 concealed) : ichetice has he found out 
 this, unde hate hie rescivit ? Ter. Phor. 
 5, 7, 5 ; OS it is on the stage, where 
 everybody f.s out everything, ut in co- 
 moediis ubi omnes omnia r., Ter. Hec. 
 5, 4, i-7. 5. repfrio, 4 : v. to dis- 
 cover. 
 
 finder: 1. inventor, /. -trix: 
 
 Ter. : Cic. 2. rgpertor, /. -trix : 
 
 Hor. : Varr. (Or expr. by verb : to 
 offer a reward to the f., *praemium 
 promittere ei, quicunque invenerit.) 
 
 fine (adj.): I. 0pp. to coarse; in 
 texture ; 1. sublilis, e (strictly of 
 thread for weaving): a f. thread, s. 
 filum, Lucr. : /. fiour, s. farina, Plin. 
 By anal., t)ie f. edge of a sword, s. acies 
 gladii. Sen. Ep. 76, 11 : a f. palate 
 (taste), s. palatum, Hor. S. 2, 8, j8 : af. 
 judgment or taste, s. judicium, Cic. Fam. 
 15, 6. 2. tenuis, e (thin): a very 
 f. toga (f. in tlie thread), toga tenuis- 
 sima filo, Ov. A. A. }, 445 : /. hair, t. 
 comae, Tib. Fig.: /., keen discrimi- 
 nation, t. acuta distinctio, Cic. Acad. 2, 
 14, 4;. Strengthened, pertenuis, very 
 f. : very f. sand, pert, sabulum, Plin. : 
 also praetenuis, Plin. 3, vescus (co?i- 
 sisHng of small particles : rare) : /. 
 salt, V. sal, Lucr. i, J27. 1|. Pure, 
 unalloyed: purus: /. gold, p. aurum, 
 Plin.; Virg.; v. pure. |||, Hand- 
 some, making a show .- 1, praeclarus : 
 a city with a f. situation, urbs situ 
 praeclaro, Cic. Verr. 4, 52, 117: /. fea- 
 tures, p. vultus, Lucr. 4, lojo : v. Dis- 
 TINGUnSHED, FAMOUS. 2. bellus (a 
 
 general term of praise, with various 
 applications) : a f. theatre, b. theatruni, 
 Cic. Att. I}, 20 : very f. wine, bellissi- 
 mum vinum, Col. 12, 19, 2 : it is a /. 
 thing {to do this or that), bellum est, 
 Cic. Att. I J, 49. 3. splendidus: v. 
 SPLEXDH). 4. pulcher, chra, chrum 
 (handsome) : what finer sight can there 
 he, quid potest esse aspectu pulchrius ? 
 Cic. : who thought it a f. thing to steep 
 till mid-day, cui p. fuit in medios dies 
 dormire, Hor. Ep. I, 2, Jo. 5. lepi- 
 dus (strictly, graceful, elegant : freq. in 
 coUoq. language) : a /. old gentleman, 
 I. senex, PI. : a very f. (niix) fellow. 
 homo lepidissimus, PI. 6. maguifl- 
 cus ; V. magnificent. IV, Hefined, 
 elegant : Phr.: the f. arts, mxes ele- 
 gantes et ingenuae (but this includes all 
 the branches of liberal knowledge. : cf. 
 Cic. Fin. j, 2, 4) ; more precisely, *artes 
 elegantiores : a f. gentleman, homo ele- 
 gans, urbanus (v. refined, elegant'; 
 liomo omni vita atque victu excultus 
 atque politus, Cic. Br. 25, 95; ad un- 
 guem factus, Hor. S. i, 5, J2. V. 
 .-Serene, without stoi-ms : sgrenus, siidus 
 V. FAIR (111.). VI. ironically: bOnus, 
 praeclarus, etc. : Of. guardian and de- 
 fender of the province, bone custos de- 
 feiisorque provinciae, Cic. Verr. 5, 6, 
 12 : a f. pair of brothers, par noblle 
 fratrum ! Hor. S. 2, }, 24J. 
 
 fine (subs.) : 1. multa or mulcta ; 
 an immediate f. of 500,000 asses tuas 
 imposed upon each state, m. praesens 
 quingenum millium aeris in singulas 
 civitates imposita est, Liv. 10, J7 ; to 
 incur a /., m. committere, Cic. Clu. J7, 
 10} : to propose a f. against any one, 
 m. alicui irrogare, Cic. Mil. 14, 36. 2. 
 multatio (strictly the act of fining) : 
 Cic. : Plin. Phr.: money paid as a 
 /., pecunia multaticia, Liv. 10, 2} : to 
 coerce by /., damno coercere, Cic. Off. j, 
 5, 2J : to put in operation f.s and other 
 coercion, damna aliamque coercitionem 
 inhibere, Liv. 4, 5;. 
 
 fine ("■) •■ multo or mulcto, I (In- 
 cluding other penalties) : tof. a man in
 
 FINELY 
 
 FIN'ISniNG-STROKE 
 
 FIRE 
 
 a ium of vumey, aliquem pecunia m., 
 Nep.; in lands, agriH m., Cic. ; i« a cer- 
 tain quantity of grain, certo numero 
 fnimenti m., Hirt. See also fine (subs.). 
 
 finely : I. 0pp. to coarsely : ICriu- 
 Iter, subtillter : Clc. I'hr. : to pulverise 
 a root very /., radicein in subtllem pul- 
 verem conterere, cf. I'lin. 26, 11, 70: v. 
 FINE (I.). II. Well, beautifully : bgne, 
 egrSgie, praeclirg, pulclire : Cic. 
 
 fineness: I. Delicacy; opp. to 
 coarseness : 1. But)tilitas : f. of a 
 poivder, s. piilveris, I'lin. i8, 7, 14: /. of 
 iron-tools, s. ferranieiitorum, Plin. Fig.: 
 of intellect : most think the minds of 
 military nu:n wanting in f, plericiue 
 credunt niilitaribus ingeniis deesse s., 
 Tac.Agr. 9; v. subtiltv. 2. tenuitas: 
 /. of flax, t. Ilni, Plin. 19, i, 2 } i : /. of 
 a sieve, t. cribri, Plin. F i g. : exquisite 
 f. of subjects and terms, liniata et renini 
 et verborum t., Cic. Fin. i, 12, 40. jj. 
 Purity : piiritas : f. of gold, *aiiri p. : 
 V. puKiTV. III. Faii~ness of wea- 
 
 ther : sgrenitas : the f. of an autumn 
 forebodes a windy urinter, aucturani 8. 
 ventosam facit biemem, Plin. : v. .se- 
 
 RENITT. 
 
 fine-spun : mostly fig. : tSnuls, sub- 
 
 tiliS • V. KINE (I.) ; SUBTLE. 
 
 finery : 1. mundltia (esp. of dress : 
 mostly pi.): J. was for uomen, toil for 
 men, munditias niiilieribus, viris liilxjrem 
 convenire, Sail. .Jug. 85, ad fin. : a youth 
 attired in ample f., praeparatus ado- 
 lescens multis m., Tac. Ann. 4, 28. 
 2. lautitia {sumptw)usness of any 
 kind): V. MAGNIFICENXE. 3. ISnoci- 
 nium (term of contempt ; meretricious 
 adornment) : f. of person, corporum 
 lenocinia, Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146: Suet. 
 Esp. of style : invention without /., in- 
 ventio lenoclniis destltuta. Quint. 12, i, 
 29. 4. apparatus, lis : v. pomp. 
 
 finesse : perh. argutiae, arum : cf. 
 Cic. Am. I J, 45 : V. suBTrLTY, fineness. 
 
 finger (subs.)-, digitus (also thumb or 
 toe) : the fore /., d. index (as used in 
 pointing). Hot. : Plin.: also, d. saluiaris 
 (perh. as used in greeting). Suet. Aug. 
 80; the middle /., d. medius, Plin.: 
 Quint, (also d. infamis, Inipudicus, as 
 used in obscene gestures, cf. Man. 6, 
 70, 5) : the third f., d.minimo pro.ximus, 
 Gell. : also d. medicus, I'lin. jo, 12. {4; 
 d. medicinalis (minimo vitinus), Macr. 
 Sat. 7, li, ad init. : the little f, d. mi- 
 nimus, Hor. : Gell. : Macr. To touch 
 {just) ivith the tips of the f.s, extremis 
 digilis attingere, Cic. Gael. 12, 28: to 
 count on the f.s, digitis computare (ra- 
 tionem), PI. Mil. 2, 2, 51 ; per digilos 
 nuraerare, Ov. Fast, j, I2J: to snap or 
 crack the f.s, digitos or digitis concrep- 
 are, Cic. Off. }, 19, 7; : Petr. : gesticxiUi- 
 tions with the f.s {in speaking): argutiae 
 digitorura, Cic. Or. 18, 59 : to talk with 
 the /.s, digitis loqui, Ov. Trist. 2, 45 J : 
 to be pointed at irith tlie f. (1. e. be dis- 
 tinguished), diglto monstrari, Hor. Od. 
 4, J, 22 : to point the f. at anything, d. 
 ad aliquid intendere, Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 
 20J. Fig.: not to suerve a f.'s breadth 
 from a rule, d. transversum [ut aiuiit] 
 ab institute non discedere, Cic. Acad. 2, 
 1 8, 58. Dimin., digiiulus, a small /., 
 I'er. : Hier. Appertaining to a f.,A\p.\t- 
 alis, e: the thickness of one's f., digitalis 
 crassitudo, Plin. As sh<).<., "digltalc, a 
 covering for the f.s : v. gloves. 
 
 finger (.v.): attrecto, tango: v. to 
 
 TOUCH, HANDLE. 
 
 finical : perh. putldus : to avoid an 
 indistinct as well as a f. articnlatinn, 
 ne aut obscurum esset aut pulidimi, 
 Cic. Off. I, ;7, I?? : cf. de Or. j, 11, 41 : 
 nolo exprimi literas putidius (t« a fin- 
 ical, over-distinct way) : v. affected. 
 Or expr. by nimis, compar. degr., etc. : 
 somewhat f. in dress, *vestitu nimis 
 elegaus; elegantlor quam decet; circa 
 curam vestitus moroslor, cf. Suet. Caes. 
 45- 
 
 finically : putlde : v. preced. art. 
 
 finicalness : nimia clegantla ; pu- 
 tida quaedam elegautia: v. finical. 
 
 finish (y.) •■ \. To accomplish com- 
 pletely : 1. conf iclo, feci, fectum, 3 : 
 
 to/, the rest of a journey, iter reliquum 
 c, Cic: to carry on andf.a war, bellum 
 gercre et c, Clc. Bal. 20. 47 : v. to ac- 
 complish. 2. perflcio, J (pointing 
 more to the close than conficio) : he f.s 
 the bridge in tiro days, pontem biduo 
 perticit, Cae». B. C. i, 54. Join: ab- 
 solvere et perticere, Cic. 3. absolvo, 
 vl, utuni, } (to f. off) ; to f. a pari {of 
 a statue), partem a., Cic. Off. j, 2, 10 ; 
 a history cannot be f.'d in a hurry, 
 historia [non] potest exiguo tempore aii- 
 solvi (opp. to institui), Cic. Leg. i. j, 9. 
 4. pCrago, t'gi, actum, j (to carry 
 through to the end) : to f. the elections 
 (go through with them), comitia p., Cic. 
 N. I>. 2, 4, 10: to/, one's course, cursum 
 
 &, Virg. 5. exigo, } (mostly poet.) : cf. 
 or. Od. J, JO, I. 6. defungor, nctus, 
 } (to have done with a thing ; with abl.) : 
 lie hastens to f. the combat, d. proelio 
 festinat, Li v. i, 25 : most freq. in 
 p. part. : bodies that have f.'d (dime 
 with) life, defuncta corpora vitfl, Virg. : 
 Hor. 7. explico, avl and ui, aiuni 
 and itum, i (in late writers: lit. to un- 
 fold) : tof. a journey, iter ex., Plin. Kp. 
 8, I, 1 : / soim f.'d my elegiacs, elegos 
 celeriter explicui, Plin. Kp. 7, 4, 7 : 
 hence the " explicit " = finis, of the 
 MSS. 8. consummo, i (to put the 
 finishing stroke to: chiefly in later 
 authors) : to f. public works that liave 
 been begun, opera inchoata c, Plin. Kp. 
 10. ii, fin. : as soon as hens f. laying, 
 they want to sit, ut primum partum 
 consummaverint, galUnae iiuubare cu- 
 piunt, Col. 8. 5, ail init. Q, .patro, i 
 (to execute, discharge) : after the day's 
 ivork is f.'d, patratis openbus, XIL Tab. 
 in Cic. l>eg. 2, 8, 19 : tof. the war {bring 
 it to an end), bellum p.. Sail. : Tac. 
 10. perpetro, i (like patro, but 
 pointing more to the end of what is 
 done) : as soon as I had f.'d all my 
 work, postquam opus meuni omne per- 
 petravi. Pi. : Tac. U, expleo, 2 
 
 (rare): v. to complete. ||, To put 
 an end to : 1. f Inio, 4 : tof. a luncli 
 vnth mulberries, prandium moris f., 
 Hor. S. 2, 4, 21 : Caes. ; Cic. 2. ter- 
 mlno, I : V. to end, terminate. 
 
 finish off: 1. absolvo, J : V. preced. 
 art. (1., 3). 2. c.xpQlio, 4: I'll f. off 
 
 my work so nicely that you shan't be 
 able to find fault, tibi meum opus ita 
 expolitum dabo.ut iniprobare non qui-as, 
 PI. : to/, off any thing perfectly, aliquid 
 omni ex parte perlectum ex., Cic. Inv. 
 2, I, fin. 3. extremain s. ultiniam 
 maniim (operi) impono : v. FiNisHrvG- 
 stkokr. 
 
 finish (.fuhs.) : i. c. perfection : 1. 
 absolutio perfectioque (oratoris), Cic. de 
 Or. 1,28,1 JO. 2. lima (melon. : lit. 
 a polishing -file) : the pains and time 
 required in order to attain /., limae 
 labor et mora, Hor. A. P. 291 ; wanting 
 inf. (Aeschylus), rudis et incompositus, 
 Quint. 10, I, 66. 
 
 finished {part, adj.): 1. per- 
 fectus : a complete and f. orator, orator 
 plenus et p., Cic. : more highly f. fold- 
 ing-donrs, perfectiores valvae, Clc. Verr. 
 4, 56, 124: V. PERFECT. 2. absOlii- 
 tus : the most f. and jierfect reasoning, 
 absolutlssima et perfectissima argu- 
 mentatio, Auct. Hor. 2, 18,28: Quint.: 
 V. pf:rfect. 3. consummatus : /. 
 eloquence, c. eloquoiitla. Quint, prooem. 
 ^ 2o : af. speaker, c. orator. Quint. See 
 
 also ACCOMPLISHED, COMPLETE. 
 
 finisher: 1. conlcctor, e.^. totius 
 boUi, Cic. Fam. 10, zo,fin. 2. consum- 
 nifitor : Vulg. Hebr. xi., 2 : Tert. 3. 
 pxpr. by verb : qui confecit, consum- 
 uiavit. etc. : v. to finish. 
 
 finishing {subs.) .■ confectio, perfec- 
 tio, absolutio : Cic. : v. accomplishment. 
 
 finishing-Stroke : extrema s. ultima 
 manus : he did not put the f. -stroke (/.- 
 touches) to his works, m. extrema non 
 accessit ejus operibus, Cic. lir. j?. 126: 
 to give thef. to the war, hello extremam 
 m. imponere, Virg Aen. 7, 572. Phr. : 
 to put the f. to a war, bellum commis- 
 sum ac profligiiium conficere, Liv. 21, 
 40, erf r. : to a work, opus cocptum pro- 
 
 fligatumqiie perficere, Aug. in Men. 
 Ancyr. to put thef. to Iambics, iamboa 
 ad umbilicum adducere, Hor. Kpod. 14, 8. 
 finite: finitus (bounded in whatever 
 way: not used abs<jl. In Cic); certi.s 
 finibus s. terminis clrcumscriptus, in- 
 
 CIUSUS : V. TO BOCND. CONFINE. 
 
 finitely : finite : Cic. Fin. 2, 9. 27. 
 
 finiteness : expr. by finis : ••/. can 
 never be a just cauit of armjiaint " 
 (Paley), *minime querendum est quod 
 unlcuique rei flnt« certi in rerum natura 
 coiistituti siiit; *injuste I)i-uni incusant 
 qui se tjoila naturu pra«dltos esse que- 
 runtur. 
 
 finny : plnnlger, 6ra, Crum : Ov. 
 Phr.: thef. tribes, piscium genus, Hor. 
 Od. I, 2, 9. 
 
 fir : 1. abies, Ctis, m. {the while 
 /.); I'lln. 2. piiiu.s us and i, /. : 
 I'lin.: V.PINE. 3. plcea (.'/xiic/'./.): 
 Plin. 4. pinaster, tri, 7/1. (prob. the 
 .''cotcli /.) : Plin. 5. sapinus, i, /. 
 (silver-f) : I'lin. 
 
 , made of: 1. ablegnus: Clc. 
 
 2. pinius : Ov. : f .-cones, p. nuces, 
 Plin. 3. sapineus: Col. (For syn. 
 V preced. art.) 
 
 fire {subs) : I. The element : 1. 
 ignis, is, m. ; we feel that f. is hot, sen- 
 timus ignem calere, Cic. : to strike f. 
 with a Jlint, i. lapiduni conflictu atque 
 tritu ellcere, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 2? ; i. ex- 
 cudere, Plin. : Virg. : to heap u«oc( 
 round and set it onf., ligna circunidare 
 et i. subjicere, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, 69 : to 
 apply f., i. admovere, Cic: to catch f., 
 Ignem concipere, Cic. de Or. 2, 4;, fin. ; 
 i. comprehendere, Caes. B. C. 5, 4J : to 
 ravage by f. and sword, ferro ignlque, 
 ferro atque i. vastare.Cic. 2. flamma 
 (stricily^tome: esp. poet, in this sense) : 
 V. flame. Tocatchf., fianimam concip- 
 ere, Caes. B. C. 2, 14 :/ and water (prov. 
 of things antagonistic), prius flamma 
 undis. Poet, in Clc. Phil, ij, 21, 49: 
 " tvhere there's smoke there's fire," sem- 
 per f. fumo proxima, PI. Cure. 1, i, 55. 
 II, A f. kindled : \, ignis : a 
 
 slow}., lentus i., Plin. ; i. exiguus, Virg. 
 G. 1, 196: irater boils when a f. is kin- 
 died beneath it, subditis 1., aquae effer- 
 ve-scunt, Cic. : to light a f, 1. accendere, 
 Virg. ; i. facere, Caes. (v. to kindle) : 
 to put any thing on thef., ignem alicul 
 rei snbdere, subjicere (v. supr. I.). 
 Poet.: of lightning, stars, etc. : gleam- 
 ing /. {lightning), i. coruscus, Hor. : the 
 moon is bright among the lesser fj (the 
 .^tars), micat inter ignes luna minores. 
 Hor. Od. 1, 12, 46. Fig.: lest this 
 spark off. kindle a vast cimflagratiun, 
 ne parvus hlc i. incendlum ingens ex- 
 suscitet, Liv. 21, i, extr. : the fs {of 
 anger) blazed up in his soid, exarsero 
 ignes animo, Virg. : she is consumed by 
 secret fire {of love), caeco carpltur i., 
 Virg. 2. IgnicQlus (a tntall /.) : to 
 call for a little f. at midwinter, I. 
 brumae tempore poscere, Juv. j, 102. 
 3. focus : v. FiRE-sfDE. Phr.: 
 to keep a good /., luculenlo camino uti, 
 Cic. Fam." 7, 10. to put oil on thef., 
 oleum camino addere, Hor. S. 2, J, J2i : 
 to pile logs upon the /., ligna super foco 
 rcponere, Hor. Od. 1, 9, 5. |||, A 
 confiagration : incendiuni : to cause, 
 kindle a /., i. facere, Cic. Par. 4, Jl ; i. 
 excitare, Cic. Mur. 2;, extr. ; exsus- 
 citare, Liv. 21, j, <xlr. : to put out a f., 
 i. restingnere (exs.), Cic Mur. 1. c : 
 Sail. (v. to F.XTiNGi'isii). thef. broke 
 out in the Circus, principliim incendii 
 ortum est in (Cireo), I'ac. Ann. 15, J8 : 
 the f. sprtaii furiously, impetu pirva- 
 gatum I.. Tac. 1. c. J9 : the f. u-as got 
 under after tix days, sexto demum die 
 finis incendio factus, Tac. 1. c. 40 : a house 
 onf. (domus), tKX-upata Igni, GelL i;, I : 
 to cry " Fire," incendium conclamare (of 
 a number of }k^rsoiis). .Sen. Ir. J, 4J, j. 
 Fig.: loi'C mal.rs af. in mi/ heart, mthi 
 In pectore [atque in conle] facit amor i., 
 PI. : infiameil liy tJie (1 aging) f.s nf jiat- 
 sion, cupiditatum incendiis intlanimatus, 
 Clc: Ov. IV. Mixhargeof ortillery : 
 coijectus. us : v. vollet. Phr.: {arry 
 one is) between tua/j, hac urget lupus. 
 301
 
 FIRE, OF 
 
 F I K M 
 
 F I K S T 
 
 Dac canis (anglt), Hor. S. 2, 2, 64 ; *utro- 
 bique urgent, incessunt, hostes. V. 
 The disease St. Anthony's/., sacer ignis : 
 Cels. ; V. ERYSIPELAS. V|. F i g., vehe- 
 mence, ardour : impetus, vis, vigor, etc. : 
 otherwise there can be no/, w etieryi/ in 
 speech, aliter in oratione nee impetus 
 ullus nee vis esse potest, Cic. Or. 68, 
 229: speech s »hich are read lose all 
 tfieir /., actiones quae recitantur im- 
 petum onineni caloremque perdunt, I'liii. 
 Ep. 2, 19, 2 : t"ey saw the same energy 
 in his /eatuies, the same /. in his ei/e, 
 eundem vinoreni in vultu, eandem vim 
 In oculis intueri, Liv. 21, 4, init. : the/ 
 0/ (^yuuth/iil) aye, fervor aetatis, Hor. 
 Od. I, 17, 24: Aesddves uas charaeter- 
 ized by majesty, Demosthenes by /., 
 sonitum Ae-cliines, vim Demosthenes 
 babuit, Cic. de Or. j, 7, 28. See also 
 
 FERVOUE, ARDOUlt, VEHEMENCE. P h r. : 
 
 to l«se his /. (of an orator), languescere, 
 Cic. Sen. 9, 28. 
 
 fire, of: 1. igneus: Cieanthes is 
 0/ opivi'm that the stars are all 0/ J., 
 Cieanthes tota esse igtiea sidera pntat, 
 Cic. : colour 0/ /., i. color, Plin. Fig.: 
 hearts 0/ /., i. corda, Stat. : Sil. : v. 
 FIERY. 2. fiammeus: stars having 
 the nature 0/ /., siiUae natura tiani- 
 meae, Cic. N". I). 2, 46, 118. 
 
 , to be on : 1. ardeo, si, sum, 
 
 2 (most gen. term) : the house was on/., 
 domus ardebat, Cic. : irhen your neigh- 
 bour's house is on /., paries quum prox- 
 imus aniet. Hor. Ep. i, 18, 84. Fig.: 
 he /oamed at the mouth, his ei/es Mcie 
 on /., spumas agel>at in ore, ardebant 
 ocull, Cic. : all Spain irould be <m f. 
 with uar, lotam Hispaniam arsuram 
 bello. Liv. 28, 24, extr.: to be rm /. 
 with love, passion, > tc, amore, cupiditate 
 a., Cic. : Ter. 2. flagro, i {to be in a 
 blaze) : you saw the ti ansp(/rts on /., 
 flagraiites onerarias videbatis, Cic. Div. 
 I. J2, 69. Fig. ■ to be on /. with love, 
 hatred, amore, odio f., Cic. See also to 
 
 BLAZE, BE BURNT. 
 
 . to set on : 1. incendo, di, 
 
 sum, } : to Set low-US, buildings on /., 
 oppida, aedificia i., Caes. : lo set brambles 
 on/., vepres i.. Virg. : v. to burn. 2. 
 Inflammo, i (to set in Jlames) : they 
 storm the villages and set the houses on 
 /., vicos expugnant, tecta i., Liv. 10, 2. 
 Join infianimare atque incendere, 
 Cic. Verr. ;, J5, 91. 3. igneni (alicui 
 rei) subjicio, adnioveo : v. fire (]., 1). 
 See also to kindle. 
 
 . to take : 1. ardesco, arsi, 
 
 sura, J : to take /. readili/, celeriter a., 
 Plin. Fig.: to take/, with anger, in 
 iras a., Ov. Met. 5, 41 : .sAe takes /. as 
 she gazes, ardescit tuendo, Vi'g. : v. to 
 KINDLE. 2. exardesco, j (to take /. 
 and blaze up) ; a substance ready at 
 taking /., materies facilis ad exardes- 
 cendum, Cic. de Or. 2,45,190. Fig.: 
 the plebs took /. at this, plebs ad id in- 
 dignatione exarsit, Liv. : v. exaspe- 
 rated, TO BE. 3. excandesco, candui, 
 } (so as to be hot throughout) : nhen bitu- 
 men and sulphur are added, it n-ill lake 
 /., cum bitumen et sulfur additum est, 
 excandescet, Cato, R. R. 95. Fig.: to 
 take fire with anger, ira ex., Cie. 4. 
 ignesco, } : at last all the world would 
 take /., ad extremum omnis mundus 
 ignesceret, Cic. N. I). 2, 46, 118. Fig.: 
 his vrath takes /. at the sight, tuenti i. 
 irae, Virg. Aen. 9, 66. 5. ignem c<m- 
 cipio, comprehendo ; flammam concipio : 
 V. FIRE (I.). 
 
 fire (!'•) •■ incendo, inflammo: v. fire, 
 TO SIT ON. P h r. • they endeavour to f. 
 the sieye-works, ignem operibus inferunt, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 14. For fig. sense, v. to 
 
 INFLAME, EXCITE. 
 
 UP (''. intr.) : exardesco, ar- 
 desco : V. FIRE, TO TAKE. 
 
 fire-arms : * tela bombardica : v. 
 
 GUN-POWDER. 
 
 fire-brand: I. i-it. : 1. tuio, 
 
 onis, nt. (whether burning or not) : a 
 blazing/., t.ardens, Apui. : extinguished 
 f.s (nithout flame), extincti t., Cels. 
 2. torris, is, m. (actually burrring) : 
 a blazing /., t. tlagrans, Ov. ; t. vivus, 
 J02 
 
 Val. Fl.: a f. all inflames, ambustus 
 t., Virg. Aen. 12, 298. 3. fax, faeis, 
 
 /. (esp. /or incendiary purposes) : to 
 hurl/.s at dwrlUngs. f. ardentes in tecta 
 Jactare, Cic. Harusp. 18, J9 : v. sqq. 
 4, malleolus (a kind of missile /or 
 firing buildiuys, etc): to get ready f.s 
 [0/ all kinds! /or setting /ir' to the city, 
 m. et faces ad inflammandam urbem 
 comparare, Cic. Cat. i, i;, J2. ||, 
 
 Fig.: a mischievous person : fax : t)ie 
 /. 0/ this war (Hannibal), f. hujus belli, 
 Liv. 21, 10: /.s of the human race 
 (Calipula and Nero), faces humanl gene- 
 ris, Plin. : Cie. 
 
 fire-engine : s-ipho or siphon, onis, 
 m. (a kind 0/ water pipe) : cf. Plin. F^p. 
 10, 55(42): nuUus usqnum in publico 
 sipho, nulla hama, nullum denique in- 
 strumentum ad incendia compescenda : 
 cf. I Sid. Or. 20, 6, 9. 
 
 fire-escape: *instrumentnm ad in- 
 cendia elTuglenda (comparaiura). 
 
 fire-fly: *musca ignifera (.'). (*Klater 
 noctilucus, Cuv.) 
 
 fire-lock : *sciopeium : v. gun. 
 
 fire-man : esp. pi., the body 0/ fire- 
 men, excubiae nocturnae vigilesque 
 adversus incendia. Suet. Aug. jo. 
 
 fire-Ban: 1. batillum (eiiher a 
 /.-shovel or a chafing-dish) : Hor.: Plin. 
 2. fbiiilVLS (chafing-dsh) : Plin. 
 
 fire-"lace : 1. caminns (strictly, 
 for metals: v. furnack) : cf. fire (II., 
 Phr.). 2. Reus Cic. : Hor. : v. fire- 
 side, HEARTH. Oimin. fuculus, a siruM 
 /. : V. preced. art. 
 
 fire-TOOf : ignibus impervius. Tac. 
 Ann. 15,4}. Phr : /. (uf buildings), 
 *ii'cendiis non obnoxia, adversus in 
 cmdia luta ac munita : to make a build- 
 ing/., ignem defendere, Gell. i 5, I. 
 
 fire-ship : navis taeda et pice et 
 stMp.i reliquisque rebus completJi quae 
 sunt ad incendia; navls ad incendium 
 pra''parat;>, Caes. B. C. j, loi ; navis 
 biiumliie et sulfure illita. Curt. 4, }, 
 in it. 
 
 fire-shovel: batrllum: v. fire-pan. 
 (Kutiibulum, Cato, 10, appears to be a 
 poker.) 
 
 fire-side : foeu* : to sit by one's /., 
 ad f. sedere, Cic. : /or altar and /., pro 
 aris et focis, Cic. : v. hearth. 
 
 fire-stone : pyrites, ae,m. (mipir>)s) : 
 Plin. 
 
 fire-war('en : vigllum, noctumarum 
 excuhiarum praefectus, Panl. Dig. v. 
 fire-man. (The triumviri noctunii 
 were (tie board 0/ /.s in republican 
 times: v. Diet. Ant. s. v.) 
 
 fire-wood : 1. lignum, usu. pi. : 
 we have no /. in the house, 1. apud nos 
 nulla sunt, PI. Aul. 2, 6, 8 : Hor. 2. 
 crfimia, orum (rare) : small dry wood, 
 vhich country-folk call cremia. tenuia 
 ligna quae c. rustici appellant. Col. 12, 
 19, ad init. : Plin. To collect/., lignari 
 (esp. of .toWi'ers) .■ Caes.: Liv. 
 
 fireworks: *ignes artificiosi (Kr.): 
 or perb. pyromata, um (7rvpuljU,aTo). 
 
 firkin: dolium: V. JAR. As mea- 
 sure, metrela (/nETpijnj;) : Vulg. Job. ii. 
 6: Col. 
 
 firm (adj.) : 1. fjrmus (in most 
 senses of F^ng.) : /. ground, f. solnm. 
 Curt.: a/, and sted/ast opinion, opinio 
 f. et stabilis, Cic. : /. friendships, f. 
 amieitiae. Cie. : v. strong. 2. sta- 
 bilis, e (not to be shalcp) : a level and 
 /. road, via plana et s., Cic. I'l. 42, 105 : 
 a/./oundation, g. rundameiitnm, Lucr. : 
 Liv. Oftenerfig. : -v. supr.(l). Join: 
 firmus et stabilis et constans [amicus], 
 Cic. Am. 17, 62. 3, solldus (substan- 
 tial, like the ground) : v. solid. Fig.: 
 shakes /rom his /. resolve, mente quatit 
 solida, Hor. Od. i, }, 4. 4. immobilis. 
 e: V. immovable. 5. ('" ^g- sense) 
 obstinatus (firmly resolved: less freq. in 
 good than in bad sense) : fidelity /. (lo 
 obstinary), obs. fides, Tac. H. 5, 5, od 
 init.: / against tvoinan's tears, obs. ad- 
 versus lacrimas muliebres, Liv. 2, 40, ad 
 iuit.- V. obstinate. 6. tenax, acis 
 (holding /ast to any thing) : /. 0/ pur- 
 pose, I. propositi, Hor. Od. j, i, i : the 
 obstinate man is he who is beyond mea- 
 
 sure/. 0/ purpose, pertinax ultra luo 
 dum t. propositi, Quint. 7. constans 
 (only in fig. sense) : v. constant, ek^ >• 
 
 LUTE. 
 
 firm, to be : persevere, I : V. TO 
 
 PERSIST. 
 
 , to make : flrmo, eonfirmo, 1 : 
 
 a remedy /or maldng Imse teeth /.. re- 
 medium ad mobiles dentium finnandos 
 (confirm.), Plin, : v. to strengthen, 
 establish. 
 
 firm (subs): societas, collegium: v 
 company (fin.). 
 
 firmament : firmamentum : Vulg. : 
 Aug. : V. heaven, sky. 
 
 firmly : 1. firme, firmiter (both 
 lit. and fig.) : to fix a pier as / as pos- 
 sible, pulvinum quam firmissime sia- 
 tuere, Vitr. : to stand/., firme insistere. 
 Suet: to prop a thing up /., firmiter 
 suffiilcire aliquid, PI.: Caes. : to grasp 
 any thing /. in the mind, firme aliquid 
 animo comprehendere, Cic. 2. soliile 
 (only in lit. sense): a basket woven not 
 thickly yet /., cista neque spisse, k. 
 tamen conte.xta. Col. : nater more /. 
 congealed, aqua solidius conereta, (jell. 
 3, tonstanter (ivith fixed resolu- 
 tion) : to behave /.and with /reedom,, c. 
 et libere se gerere, Cie. ; to bear pain /. 
 and calmly, c. et sedate ferre dolorem, 
 Cic. 4. obstinate (eomp. firm, 5) : 
 to re/use /., o. negare, Caes.: Suet. 
 5. lenaciter (i('i</t /irm AoW: both 
 lit. and fig.) : to hind /., t. vincire, Cic. 
 to grasp a person's hand /., maiuim 
 aliciyus t. apprehendere, Val. : to learn 
 quii:kly and retain /. in the memo-y, 
 ciio discere et t. reiinere, Solin. 6. 
 perlinaciler (ie)!/_^rmii/); green vood 
 resists the saw more /., ligna viridia 
 perlinacius serram resistunt, Plin. 16, 
 45, 8} : these very things remain the 
 moi e /. rooted (in the mind), haec ipsa 
 magis p. haerent, Quint. I, i, 5 : v. ob- 
 stinately. Phr.: I am /. resolved to 
 say all, certum est deliberatumque 
 (mihi) omnia dicere, Cie. R. Am. 11, }J : 
 Ov. : /. resolved on going, certus euodi, 
 Virg. (v. resolved) • / am/, convinced, 
 mihi persuasum (persuasissimum) est, 
 foil, by de and aOl.; or ace. and inf., 
 Cie. Fam. II, 2; 11,9: also persuasum 
 (persuasissimum) babeo, Cie. Verr. 5, 
 2i,extr. : see also RF.SOLUTELY, slrelt. 
 
 firmness : 1. firmlias (material 
 or ynen(al) : /. 0/ timber, f. materiae, 
 Caes. : /. 0/ mitid, f. aiiimi, Cic. : v. 
 STRENGTH. 2. flnnitudo (^ preced.) : 
 /. of a bi'idge, f. pontis, Caes. : Cic. 
 3. stabilitas : roots give /. to the 
 plants they support, stirpes s. dant iis 
 quae .sustinent, Cic. : /. 0/ the teeth, s. 
 dentium, I'lin. : the /. (or solidity) 0/ 
 in/antry. s. peditum, Caes. B. G. 4, }} : 
 Cic.: V. STABILITY. 4. constantia 
 (resolution) : /. 0/ mind, c. animi, Ov. : 
 Cic. (in whom the word is mostly used 
 of coytsistent action or habit 0/ mind). 
 Join: stabilitas atque constantia, Cic. 
 Am. 18, 65. 5. obslinalio: to decline, 
 not u-ith ingratitude, but yet with a 
 settled /. 0/ resolution, non ingrato 
 animo sed obs. qiiadam sententiae repu- 
 diare, Cic. Prov. Cons. 17, 41 : Tae. 6. 
 perseverantia : v. perseverance, per- 
 sistence. 
 
 first (adj.) : 1. primus (of time, 
 place, rank) : the six legions which had 
 come /., sex legiones quae primae vene- 
 rant, Caes. : the /. place on the march. 
 p. locus itineris, Caes. : undoubtedly the 
 /. man in his toum, sui municipii facile 
 p., Cie. R. Am 6, init.: to play the/, 
 part, primas (partes) agere, tenere (v. 
 FOREMOST). Very freq. is the phr. in 
 (cum) primis his mother is said to have 
 been among the /. to bring a stone, di- 
 citur mater in piimis lapidem tuliBse, 
 Ntp. Paus. extr.: Cic. N.B. When the 
 comparison is between t'vo only, prior, 
 us, must be used : I'yrrha /. breaks 
 silence, rumpit silent ia Pyrrha prior, Ov. 
 Met I, ?34 : to speak/, on a trial (of 
 the counsel for eiiher side), priore loco 
 ciiusam dicere, Cic. Quint. 2, 7 : v. for- 
 mer, SCPEKIOR. 2. princeps, cipia 
 (esp. of rank or importance) : they were
 
 FIRST 
 
 FIT 
 
 FITNESS 
 
 iiuf. to promist iiumey, p. pecuniae pol- 
 licendae eraiit, Cic. I'liil. •]. zj: lie uas 
 tkt f.to enter the figlU and thr last to 
 ^it it, p. in proelium ibal, ullimus coii- 
 serto proelio excedebat, Liv. 21, 4: he 
 toas the f. wivi ventured, p. ausus est, 
 Cic de Or. }, n. 129: v. chikf, fobf- 
 MOsT. 3. primoris. e (less freq. than 
 preced. words, and rarely of tijiie): the 
 J. tet:th (after birth), p. denies, I'lin. -j, 
 16, 15 : at/, sight, p. a.-peclii. Ui-11. •;. ?, 
 init. : the/, (forenmst) men of Uid people, 
 primores popull, Hor. Conip. foil. art. 
 
 first {ode.) : 1. primum : /. (/ 
 
 aU, I myself am aual.e, p. omnium epo 
 Ipse viglli), foil, by di-inde, Cic. Cat. 2, 
 
 9, 19. Besides primum deuide, we 
 
 find also, primum .... deinde .... tum 
 .... postremo, Cic. N. I). 2, i, j; primum 
 .... tum .... deinde .... post .... mm 
 .... deinde, Cic. Kin. 5, 2}, 6< (where 
 turn appears 10 denote a eloter con- 
 nexion than deinde). 2. primo (usu. 
 = ai Jir.it: not used of logical arrangf- 
 ment) ; {at) f. we thought the house iras 
 fallivg, aedes primo ruere rebamur, I'l. 
 (at) f. he vuide a shotv of refusal , at 
 last he promised, primo negitare .... 
 denique promittil. Sail. Jug. in. (.N.li. 
 — When a person is compared ujith utlier 
 persons, primus or prior must be used, 
 not an adv. : cf. first, adj.) P b r. .- /. 
 of all, ante omnia, yuint. : now f. {=at 
 uut), nunc demum, jam demum (v. 
 LENGTH, at): to do a thing f. (befne 
 any one), occupare, praeoccupare ali- 
 quem (v. to anticipatk). 
 
 first-begotten ( 1. ("/ two or 
 
 first-born \mm-e living chil- 
 
 dren) major, maximus (tiatu) ; v. elder, 
 ELDEST. 2. expr. by primus : sows 
 give the first teat to thef. of thuir litter, 
 primis genitis (al. primogeiiiiis) in quo- 
 que partu sues primas (mammas) prae- 
 bent, I'lin. 11, 40, 9; : cf. first (adj. and 
 adv.). 3. priinogenitus : His f. son, 
 filius suus p., Lact. : Vulg. Matt. i. 2;. 
 
 first-fruits ; primltiae, arum ; they 
 gave the f. to Ceres, p. Cereri dabant, 
 Ov. Fig.: thef. of mines, p. inctal- 
 lorum, lac. H. 4", 5J : the f. of arms, p. 
 arniorum, Stat. I'h. 11, 285. 
 
 firstling: o/a^t, primus genltus 
 s. natus : v. first-born. 
 
 fiSC : fisCUS : V. TREASURY. 
 
 fiscal: fiscalis, e (strictly, behmging 
 to the fiscus or imperial treasury) : f. 
 burdens (1. e. heavy taxes), f. molesliae, 
 Aur. Vie. : /. law, f. jus, Paul. Dig. : 
 V. financial. 
 
 fish (subs.) : 1. piscis, is, m. ; to 
 be covered with scaUs, as f.s, integi 
 squamis, ut pisces, Plin. : Cic. Dimin., 
 pisciciilus, a little /., PI. : Ter. _ 2. 
 cetus, i, TO. ; cetos, i, n. ; pi. cete (ot 
 large sea animals, as a whale, seal) : th is 
 class only (camivora), like those f.s 
 called cete, brings forth their young 
 alive, hoc genus solum, ut ea quae cete 
 appellant, animal parit, Plin. 9. 24, 40 : 
 irhile the f.s (or sea-monsters) shall 
 swim in the ocean, dum cete ponto in- 
 nabunt, Sil. 3. (collectively) pisca- 
 
 tus, us, m. (fish OS caught, for the 
 table) : with xirine, victuals, ajid capital 
 f., vino, victu, p. probo, I'l. Most. ;. 2, 
 41 : withf.,fmvl, and game, p., aucupio, 
 venatione, Cic. Kin. 2, 8, 2?. Phr. : 
 plenty of f., copia pl.^ciiria. I'l. 
 
 fish («•)•• (. •'•'• piscor, I : ?e« 
 
 us hunt, let vs /., venemur, pisoniur, 
 Hor. : to f. ivith a hook; a net, hamo, 
 rete, p.. Suet. ; see al.so to angle. ||. 
 Fig. to search out: c.xplscor : to/. 
 every thing out of a man. omnia ab 
 aliquo exp., Cic. Fam. 9. 19. |||. To 
 
 fish for : i. c. til be mi the Imik-uut firr 
 (colloq.) : 1. aiicupor, i (lit. to catch 
 birds): to f. fir popularity, studiura 
 favoremque populi a., Flor. j, 1 5 : Cic. 
 2. caplo, I : to /. for afiplause. 
 plausus c, Cic. : v. To catch at. (N.B. 
 — Both the above less colloq. than the 
 
 fish-bone : spi"" P'scis Cic. m 
 Quint. 8. !, 66. Phr.: to take out f.- 
 bones {before cooking), pisces exossare, 
 PI.: ler. 
 
 fisher, fisherman: piscator, Cic: 
 
 Ter. Fern, plscutrix : I'llii. 
 
 fishery : 1. cetarlae, arum and 
 cetiiria, oriim (no sivg.) : these (fish) 
 aowd the .•Spanish f.s, Hi>panlae ceta- 
 rlas hi replent, Plm. 8. i;, 19 nuoe 
 tunnies will swim in, and your f.s will 
 inaease, plures ailnabuni ihyniii et 
 cetaria cre.scent, Hor. .S. 2, 5, 44. 2. 
 locus pisculentiis, pars maris pisclbus 
 abundans : u headland (in .s'iciJ.v) which 
 is the finest f. in the wmld, promonto- 
 rlum omnibus mari nantibus pisculen- 
 tissimum, S<jlin, ;. 
 
 fish-hook : hamus : to jump at the 
 baileiif. like a fish, occulium decurrere 
 piscis ad h., Hor. Kp. i, •;. •74. Ijimin. 
 hamulus, a small hook: b. piscarius, PI. 
 St. 2, 2, 16. 
 
 fishing (.subs.) : 1. plscatu.s. us : 
 who lived by hunting, fowling. /., quos 
 venatus, aucupia, p., alcbant, Plin. 8, 16, 
 17 . there is a pleasure in f. alfo, est et 
 in p. voluptas, Plin. 2. piscatio : 
 
 Ulp. IHg. 3. expr. by inf. of piscor: 
 nets that wear well in /., retia in pis- 
 cando durantia, Plin.: v. to fish. 
 
 fishing-boat : horia : Pi. : Gell. 
 Iiimiii. horiola. PI. [Also plscatoria 
 navis. iJaes. IS. C. 2, 4.] 
 
 fishing-frog : raua plscatrix : Plin. 
 
 fishing-line: 1. linum: to guide 
 the I . with the rod, moderari arundine 
 1., dv. 2. linea: PI. 
 
 fishing-net : rcte, is, n. : v. net. 
 
 fishing-rod : arundo, inis, /. : Ov. 
 lib. : a. piscatoria, Plin. 16, j6, 66, 
 extr. 
 
 fishing-tackle: *instrumentapisca- 
 torla. 
 
 fish-market: forum piscarium : Pi. 
 fish-monger : 1. cetarius : /.s' 
 
 shops, cetarlorum oflScinae, Col. 8, 17: 
 Cic. : Tor. 2. piscarius (rare) : Varr. 
 in Forcell. 
 
 fish-pond: 1. piscina: f.s of 
 
 fresh water and salt, p. dukes, salsae, 
 "V'arr. j, 17, init.: Cic. 2. stagnum 
 
 (strictly any pond) : the best kind off., 
 s. optiinum. Col. 8, 17, init. : Hor. 3. 
 vivarium (a place for preserving any 
 creatures alive) : f.s for lampreiis. shell- 
 fish, vivaria muraenarum, cochlearum, 
 I'lin. ; Col. /. c. 
 
 fist : 1. pugnus (the clenched hand) : 
 to doubh: the hand and make a ./'., ma- 
 niini comprimere pugnumquefacere.Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 47, 145 : to fight ivith f.s, pug- 
 nis certare, Cic. Tnsc. 5, 27, 77 : to beat 
 any one with the f.s, pupnis aliquem 
 caedere, PI. ; stronger terms, pugnis 
 <ontundere, pectere. onerare (to pummel, 
 belalxiur), PI. : to drive your f. into a 
 man's face. p. alicui in os impingere, 
 I'l. Rud. J, 4, 5. 2. colaphus (o 
 
 blow vith thef.) : v. cuff, bixjw. 
 
 fistula : i" surgery, fistula : CeU. 
 
 fistulous: fistulosus: Cato, R. R. 
 157, ad init. 
 
 htisubs.): I. Lit. : a seizure by 
 disiase : 1. accessio (any attack of 
 disease) : Suet. : Cels. : Plin. 26, 11, 71 : 
 V. ATTACK. 2. accessus, lis (=ac- 
 CHS>io, but less freq.) : Uell. 4, 2, ad fin. : 
 Plin. 28, 4, II. 3. impetus, us (a 
 sudden and violent f.) : a f .of the gout, 
 i. podagrae, Plin. 28,4.9 to relieve a 
 f. of fer-er, rheum, febris, pituiiae i. 
 toUere, PUn. 4. dcfectio (a fainting 
 f.) : a sudden fainting /., subita d., 
 "Suet. Cal. 50. "Phr.: to have af. of 
 epilepsy, morbo comitiali corripi, Cels. : 
 as a boy he was sulijecl to epileptic f.s, 
 puer comitiali morbo \e.\atus est. Suet. 
 Cal. 50: when the (exnucinting) fs of 
 his disease came on, qumn faces admo- 
 vereniur dolorum, Cc. Off. 2, 10, 57. 
 II, By anal., of anger or other pas- 
 sions : impetus, Qs: to kill a slaie in a 
 f. of passion, servum impetu el ira 
 (=impetu >rae) occidere, lac. (Jer. 2; : 
 Cic: V. IJIFULSK. Phr.: to (to any 
 thing by f.s. and starts, pcrh. "carplim 
 ac temere agere ; parum consianter ali- 
 quld facere " 'tnas sad byf.f, by starts 
 'twas wild" (Gray), modo Iristia, modo 
 incondita furentls modo canebat. |||. 
 Of a garment: Phr.; a dress that is 
 
 a good /., vesiimentum apte factum, cf. 
 Quint. II, ;, I ;9. 
 
 flt (adj.: 1. apius(»illi Ju/. of 
 
 fitted *^ person ; the otject or r, dfor 
 which being nsu. expr. by ad aud Ojc.) : 
 thesr kinds of speaking are 1. it, r for 
 youth, haec genera dir.eodi apiiura sunt 
 adulescentibus, Cic. Bmt, 95, at. a 
 woollen cloak f. for any seaiou of the 
 year, pallium laneum a. ad onme anni 
 tempus, Cic. .N. D. }, 54,81. v. surr- 
 ABLE. 2. IdoneUB (for a deftnitt 
 
 purpose = ad earn rem) v. stirABLR. 
 3, babilis, e (ill artive senw ; pos- 
 sessing ability or capalnlit;/ : wiih dai., 
 or ace. with ad) : these vijies are f Iter for 
 rich soils, piiiguibus hae viies Krris b, 
 Virg. G.2,92 Hor.: never was the tame 
 naturr more Jilted for the mo>l oppotile 
 circumstances, nunqiiani iiigenlum Idem 
 ad res diversisslmas babilius, l.iv. m. 4. 
 4, appo.-ilius (in pas>ive senso ; 
 adapttil for: with ad and ace); one 
 sail is ftted for the n'ne, another for 
 grain, ager alius est ad videm ap., aliiiK 
 ad frumeiiium, Varr. K. H. 1,7: u ;./««■ 
 very ill-filled for bi-ariny calamiiii in, 
 locus minime ap. ad tolerai.dini <alami- 
 tatem, Cic. AtL j, 14. 5 acc^ niino- 
 datus (11 ell adapted or qualifird ; » ith 
 dat., or ad and ace.) : fitted to contoU. 
 ad consolandum ac, Cic. Fam. 5, 16 a 
 man fitted for the admimstiation of 
 public or piivate atfairs, vir piil'licarum 
 privatarumque rerum administration! 
 ac, Quint, i, pref.^ 10. (.\.B. At to 
 be . . . may .-ometimes be expr. by ger. 
 part. : things fit to be spok'-n or not, 
 dicenda tacenda, Hor. Kp. i, 7, 72 ; see 
 the several verbs.) 
 
 fit(i'): A. Trans.: |. To put 
 one thing to another ; 1. accommOdo, 
 I (usu. with dat. of person ; cue. of 
 thing with prep, ad) ; to /. a vreath to 
 otif's head, coronam sibi ad caput ac, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 250: he f.d the year 
 to the sun's course, annum ad ciirsum 
 Soils accommodavit, Suet. Caes. 40 t. 
 TO ADJU.ST. 2. apto, I (same constr. 
 
 as preced) : to f. the mouth of a cup- 
 ping-glass to the body, os cucurbitulae 
 corpori a., Cels. 2, 1 1. 3. applico, ap- 
 pono; V. TO afplv. ||. Jb ito- 
 
 vide, equip: ii.slnio, xi, ctum, j; v. 
 TO FURNISH. III. 7*0 »e;nte)_/i/ : aplo, 
 I : to f. a fleet (/or action), classem ad 
 pugnam a.. Liv. 21, 49 : v. to prepare. 
 B. 1 11 trans.: \, As a garment : 
 1, convgnio, veni, ventum, 4 (with 
 ad and ace.) : it is the merit of a buskiu 
 to f. the foot well, cothunii laus est ad 
 pedem apte c, Cic. Fin. j, 14, 46. 2. 
 sedeo, sedi, sessum, 2 (esp. of looser gar- 
 ments, as lying uell or ill): cl. Quint. 
 II, J, 140. I" i g. : how uell enifiire 
 iwtt/t/ _/'. your shoulders, quaro bene in 
 hunieris tuls sederet imperium, Plin. 
 Pan. Phr.: / should v-isli the toga to 
 be made so as to f. well, togaiii apie 
 caesam (esse) velini. Quint. 11. }, 159. 
 II. In general sense ; coiivCnio. 
 aptus sum, etc.: v. to scit; and foil, 
 ant. 
 
 out (''• ''■) : orno, exonio, adonio, 
 
 I ; instruo, j: v. To evlip, fikmsh. 
 
 together (v- "'''•) : 1. cOhaereo, 
 
 Pl, sum, 2 ; the world f.s so uell UMjither, 
 niundus ita apte c, Cic. Tim. 5 ; things 
 whi<h f. ueli together, [apta Inter se et 
 cohaerentia, Cic N. P. }, I, 4 : (Ute 
 things) do I't f. togeUier (are incon- 
 sistent). " >r. And. 2. 2, 24. 2. «>»- 
 grno, i, 5 : V. TO agree. 
 fitch: \icia: v. vtrrcH. 
 fitful : muiabiils, inconstan* : v. 
 
 CIIAM.K.VBI.E. INIXINSISTENT. 
 
 fitfully : P^Th- I6ni6re. temerarloqno- 
 dani iini>etu; inconsiaiiter ; v. chaNGB- 
 
 ABLV ; UANUOM (AT). 
 
 fitly: 1. apte: Cic 2. con- 
 vCiiieiiter: v. agrfeablv. Join: C""- 
 venienter et coiigruenier, Cic. Fin. }. 1, 
 26. 3, idonee (rare-; for s.i/»i.. v. Ffr 
 adj.) ; /. to pre}iare the mind of tJie 
 hearer, auditorls animum I. companire, 
 Cic. Inv. I, 15, 20. 
 
 fitness : 1. convenientia (./ pant 
 to each utiur ; mutual /.); the /. y
 
 FITTED 
 
 FLAG 
 
 F L.A M EN 
 
 parts to each other, c. partium, Cic. Off. i , 
 4,14; virtue consists in a f. (or har- 
 mony), virtus cunvenientia constat. Sen. 
 Ep. 74, JO. 2. habilitas (of persons) : v. 
 APTITUDE. 3. expr. by adj. : to doubt 
 • person's f. for the management of a 
 business, *dubitare num quis ad rem 
 administrandam habilis, accommodaius 
 sit : V. FIT (udj.) 
 
 fitted {part, adj.) : v. fit. 
 
 fitting {adj-) •• decens : v. becoming. 
 Esp. in phr. it is f.: (1). decet, 2 
 (witii ace. and inf.) : v. rr becomes. 
 (2). aequum est : things which it is f. 
 a young gentleman should know, quae 
 liberum scire adolescentem aequum est, 
 
 Ter. : V. KEASONABLE, FAIR, 
 fittingly: aple: V. FITLT. 
 fittingneSS : dgcentia : Cic. N. V. 2, 
 58, 145. 
 
 five : quinqup : distnh. quini, ae, a : 
 /. persons to a couch, often more, quini 
 in lectulis, saepe plures, Cic: legions 
 consisting of f. thousand foot, three 
 hundred horse, legiones quinis millibus 
 peditum, equitum trecenis, Liv. But 
 quini Is also used as a cardinal, where 
 a group of f. is intended ; esp. in the 
 poets.: to sell for four times /. minae, 
 quater quinis minis vendere, PI. : /. 
 names were given out, quina nomina 
 edita sunt, Liv. 28, 26: /. sheep, quini 
 bidentes, Virg. Aen. 5, 96. (N.B.—With 
 a subs, having no sing, or one with diff. 
 sense, quini, not quinque, is used : /. 
 letters, quinae literae or quinque epis- 
 tolae, L. G. } 71 : quinque litterae would 
 be five letters of the alphabet.) F. times, 
 quinquies, Cic. : f.-fold, quincuplex, 
 plicis. Mart. : /. hundred, quingenti : /. 
 hundred each', quingeni, ae, a, Cic. : /. 
 hundredth, qumgentesimus, Cic. : /. 
 hundred times, quingenties, Cic. The 
 number f., quinio, onis. m., Tert. : Isid. : 
 f. twelfths, quincunx, ncls, m. : if from 
 f. twelfths of an as an ounce is taken, 
 what remains, si de quincunce remota 
 est uucia, quid restat ? Hor. A. P. 327 : 
 /. i>er cent, {amonth), quincunces usurae, 
 Scaev. Dig. F. years, quinquennium, 
 Cic. : also lustrum, Hor. Od. 2, 4, 24 : 
 lasting f. years, or occurring once in f. 
 years, quinquennalis, e, Liv. : /. years' 
 old, quinquennis, PI. Hor.: f. -leaved, 
 quinquefolius, Plin. 21,4, 10. 
 
 fives (the game) : piVa (applicable to 
 any hall game) ; v. ball. 
 fix ; I. To make fast, secure ; 
 1. flgo, xi, xum, i (most gen. 
 term): they f. the pieces of meat wi 
 spits, frusta verubus figunt, Virg. : the 
 arms which had been f.'d upon the 
 vaZls, arma quae fixa in parietibus fue- 
 rant, Cic. Fig.: tof. the eyes upon the 
 ground, oculos in terram f., Sen. 2. 
 destino, i (strictly, to f. down, as to the 
 ground) : to let doiim into the water and 
 J. firmly, in aquam deraittere d.que fir- 
 mfter, Vitr. : v. to fix down. 1|. 
 To appoint, settle : 1. statuo, i, iitum, 
 J : for ttte rest of the multitude the 
 senate f.s a day, senatus ceterae mul- 
 titudlnl diem s.. Sail. : to f. time and 
 place for an inteririew, tempus locum- 
 que coUoquio s., Liv. : to f. limits, 
 tcrminos s., Liv. : v. to appoint, deteb- 
 MiNE. 2. constituo, J (esp. when an 
 appointment bHiceen parties is to be ex- 
 pressed) : for this day the wedding was 
 f. d, in hunc diem constitutae sunt nup- 
 liae, Ter. And. i, 5, J4: tof. a more ad- 
 vanced age for the consulate, grandiorem 
 aetatem ad consulatum c, Cic. Phil. 5, 
 17. 47- 3. condico, xi, ctum, 3 (to 
 make an appointment) : to f. time and 
 place of meeting, tempus et locum coe- 
 undi c. Just. : Gell. 4. pi aestituo, i, 
 utum, } (beforehand) : to f. beforehand 
 how long we shotdd speak, iempus quam- 
 diu dicerenius pr., Cio. Quint. 9, j J. 5. 
 destino, i (definitely, decisively) ; to f. 
 the hour of death (of a condemned per- 
 son), horam mortis d., Cic. Off. j, 10, 45 : 
 to f. a time for the contest, tempus ad 
 certamen d., Liv. jj, 37, med.: a f.'d 
 opinion, destinata sententla, Liv. 6. 
 (in pass. : to be f.'d or agreed upoti) con- 
 vfinio, veni, ventum, 4 : that signal had 
 304 
 
 been f.'d upon, id convenerat signum, 
 Liv. 
 
 fix down : 1. def igo, j : to f. 
 
 stakes down in the ground, asseres in 
 terra d., Caes. tig.: mrtue alone is 
 f.'d down (planted) by the deepest roots, 
 virtus est una altissimis defixa radicibus, 
 Cic. Phil. 4, 5, U. 2. destino, i (at 
 some given point) : he f.'d the rafts 
 down by antliors, rates ancoris destina- 
 bat. Caes. B. C. i, 25. 
 
 — in, on, or upon: 1. infigo, 3 
 (with occ. and p^-ep. ; also ace. and dat.) : 
 he f.'d his suord in the enemy's bosom, 
 gladium hosti in pectus infixit, Cic. : to 
 f. a spear in a gate, hastam ponae i., 
 Virg. Fig.: to teach something and f. 
 it in the mind, docere aliquid et inf. 
 animis. Quint.: Cic. 2. (in pass., and 
 fig.) insideo, sedi, sessum, 2 (to become 
 settled anyiohere : usu. with in and 
 abl.) : pleasure f.s itself deeply in every 
 sense, voluptas penitus in omni sensu i., 
 Cic. Leg. I, 17, 47 : the speech f.'d itseJf 
 in the mind, insedit in animo oratio. 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, II. 3. Inhaereo, si, 
 sum, 2 (like preced.) : somehow or other 
 a foreboding has f.'d itself in people's 
 minds, nescio quomodo, inh. in mentibus 
 quoddam augurium, Cic. Tusc. i, i;, jj. 
 Simly. is used haereo : to be f.'d in the 
 memory, in memoria h., Cic. 
 
 in front : praef igo, j : the bank 
 
 was defended by sharp stakes f.'d in 
 fiont, ripa erat acutis sudibus praefixis 
 munita, Caes. B. G. 5, 18 : tof. a head on 
 Die end of a spear, caput hasiae pr., 
 Suet. 
 
 — to : '^"- to fasten to. 
 
 fixed '(<Ky) •■ cPrtus : to call an as- 
 sembly for a f. day, concilium in diem 
 c. indicere, Caes. ; to swear in a f.form 
 of words, in c verba jurare, Cic. Inv. 2, 
 45, 1 J2 : /. (definite) boundaries, c. fines, 
 Hur. Phr.: /. stars, stellae ineiTantes. 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 54: af. resolve, mens 
 solida, Hor. Od. j, J, 4 : t>>o.t is the f. 
 intention of Aeneas, id sedet Aeneae, 
 Virg. 
 
 fixedly : firmtter, constanter : v. 
 
 FIRMLY. 
 
 fixedness: firmltas: v. FnotNEss. 
 
 fixture : affixum (aliquid) : prob. 
 only in pi. : a furnished house with all 
 its f.s, domus instructa cum omnibus a.. 
 Dig. }}, 7, i8,/n. 
 
 flabby ; 1. flaccidus (loose, hang- 
 ing) : f. ears (of swine), f. aures, Plin. 
 2. flaccus (more freq. = flabby- 
 eared) : large f. ears, auriculae magnae 
 ac f., Varr. : deities with smib-noses, f. 
 eaw, silos, fl.deos, Cic. N. 0.1,29,80. 3. 
 fluldus (hanging loosely) : aged Milo see.s 
 his arms hang /., senior Milo f. pendere 
 lacertos special, Ov. : /. bodies, f. cor- 
 pora, Liv. J4, 47 : Plin. 4. mar- 
 cidus : V. drooping. 5. pannosus : 
 /. breasts, p. mammae. Mart, j, 72. s : 
 Sen. 6. puter, tris, tre : Hor. : Prop. : 
 V. soft, eotten. Phr.: /. (withered) 
 fruit, vieta et moUia poma, Gell. I J, 2. 
 
 flabbily : perh. fiuide. 
 
 fiabbiness : expr. by adj. : on ac- 
 count of thef. of his ears, *propter flac- 
 cidas aures : v. preced. art. 
 
 flaccid : flaccidus : V. preced. art. 
 To be f. : (1.) flacceo, 2 : Varr. : Lucil. 
 Incept, flaccesco, i (to become f.) : Cic. : 
 Col. (2.) marceo, marcesco: v. to 
 
 DR(X)P, WITHER. 
 
 flaCCidity : expr. by adj. : f. of flesh 
 is a sign of ill-health, •imbecillam vale- 
 tudinem indicat caro flaccida nee bene 
 tirma. 
 
 flag {subs.): I, A banner: vexil- 
 lum : V. STANDARD. ||, A water 
 
 plant ; the sweet f. : 1. acorus, i, /., 
 and ac6rum, n.: Plin. 2. calamus, 
 Cato; c. aromaticus, Plin. |||, Aflat 
 stone : Phr.: f.s for paving hightvays, 
 *lapides plan! et ad vias muniendas 
 idonei : v. stone. 
 
 flag (f.) : 1. languesco, ul, j (to 
 Jose energy): there is no reason why 
 their industry should f, non est cur 
 eorum languescat industria, Cic. Sen. 9, 
 28 : the mind f.s, mens 1.. Quint. : v. to 
 LANGDisH. 2. laxo, I (in pass, or 
 
 with pron. refl.) : the whole body, as it 
 were f.ing (becomiTig unstrung), tola 
 corpore velut laxato, Petr. Sat. 128. 3. 
 refrigesco, frixi, j (lit. to grow t'p'j 
 again ; helice of matters which lose in- 
 terest and life) : the preparations for 
 war wiUf,bell\ apparatus refrigescent, 
 Cic. Phil. 5, II, io: the speech f.s, oratio 
 r.. Quint. 4, j, 2 ; when law business be- 
 gins to f. (slacken) in the forum, at 
 Rome, qunm Romae a judiciis fomm 
 refrixerit, Cic. Att. i, i. 4. frigeo, 2 
 (denotes the actual stale to which refri- 
 gesco implies a tendency) : con versation 
 f.s, sermo f., Ter. Phr. : ue ought not 
 so to let our courage f., non debemus ita 
 cadere animis, Cic. (v. discouraged, to 
 be). 
 
 flag-sMp : perh. navis praetoria : c£ 
 Liv. 
 
 flag-Staflf: perh. vexllli hastile, 
 manubrium. 
 
 flageolet : ti'i>a : v. flute. 
 
 flagitious ; flagitiosus : the most f. 
 (disgraceful and scandalous) crimes, 
 flagitiosissima scelera. Sail. : Cic. : v. 
 shameful, infamous, a f. action, 
 flagitium : v. crime. 
 
 flagitiously : flagitiose ; e. g. vivere, 
 Cic. : v. shamefully. 
 
 flagitiousness : turjjitiido : trials 
 branded with signol f., judicia insigni 
 notata t., Cic. Clu. 22, 61 : v. disgrace. 
 Sometimes the pi. of flagitium may 
 serve : whatf, quanta fiagitia ! of. L. G. 
 
 i 59' 
 
 flagon : 1. lagena (a tall narrow 
 necked vessel) : Cic. : Hor. IHmin 
 laguncula, a small vessel of the kind : v. 
 flask. 2. crater, eris, m.. and era- 
 tera, ae,/. (for mixing in) : v. bowl. 
 
 flagrancy: nequitia, infamia: v. 
 infamy. 
 
 flagrant : nearest words perh. ne- 
 farius, ngfaudus : v. heinous, abomin- 
 able. (N.B. — Not flagrans : flagranti 
 criniine deprehendi. Just. Cod. 9, i ;, oti 
 init., is to be caught in the act.) 
 
 flail : 1. pertica : to thrash out 
 crops uithfs, messes perticis flagellars, 
 Plin. 18, }o, 72 (but pertica is also used 
 of any staff or cudgel, of. PI. As. j, 2, 45 : 
 nimis vellem habere perticam qua ver- 
 berarem asinos). 2. fustis, is, m. (a 
 staff, cudgel) : to thrash com with f.s, 
 spicas fustibus cudere, Col. 2, 21. 3. 
 baculus (a stick) : Col. 1. c 
 
 flake : no exact word : snow f£, 
 perh. plumeae nives, Amob. 2, 59, 84: 
 " the frequent f.s " (Cowper), *assiduae 
 nives (?) : door-posts blackened loith the 
 constantly falling fs of smoke (soot), 
 assidua postes fuligine nigri, Virg. E. 7 
 50 : f.s of iron, copper, squamae ferri, 
 aeris, Plin.: Cels. 
 
 flaky: if snow, perh. plimens v. 
 preced. art.): of minerals, •squamarum 
 naturam habens : v. flake (_^fi.). 
 fiambeau: fax, facis,/. : v. torch. 
 
 flame (subs.): flamma: ruddy f.s 
 rutilae f., Ov. : to feed a flame, alere f., 
 Quint. : to quench a /., f. exstinguere, 
 Ov. : to fan a f, f. e.xsuscitare aura, 
 Ov. Fig.: thef. of love, amoris f., Cic. 
 Verr. 5, J5, 92: stripling worthy of a 
 better f., digne, puer, meliore f., Hor. Od. 
 1 , 27, 20 : he caught thef. in all his heart, 
 cuncto concepit pectore f.. Cat. 64, 92: 
 thef. of civil discord, f. civilis discordiae, 
 Cic. Dimin. flammula, a small f., as 
 of a candle. Col. (appy. not used fig.). 
 Phr.: to be in f.s, ardere, flagrare ; v. 
 TO burn. 
 
 flame (»•) : 1. flagro, I : V. TO 
 BLAZE, (be ON) FIRE. 2. flammo, 
 I : chiefly \npres. part. : v. flaming. 
 
 flame-coloured : 1. flammens, 
 
 Plin. 21, II, iS Val. Fl. 2. Aam- 
 matus (poet.): Mart. 5, 19, 12 (al. flam- 
 maris). 3. riitHus. rutilans: v. ruddy 
 4. expr. by circuml., *flammae col 
 orem habens, flammarum colore nitens. 
 flamen : flamen, Ini.-i, m. : the f. of 
 Jove, f. Dialis, Liv. ; of Mars, f. Mar. 
 tialis, Cic; ojf Romulus, f. Quirlnalis 
 Varr. The office of f., fiiiminium, Cic 
 Phil. IJ, 19. 41: Liv.: a f.'s wife, 
 fiau^nica, Ov. tast 2, 27.
 
 FLAMING 
 
 FLATTERER 
 
 F L A VO O K 
 
 flaming : 1. flammans, ntis : the 
 f. barriers of the u-orUi, f. moenia 
 mundi, Lucr. i, 74: Vlrg. 2. fla- 
 grans, ntis {blaring : on fire) ■ Virg. 
 3. flammifer, fira, gruni (mostly 
 poet.) : a star vith a f. tail, f. trahens 
 Stella comam. Ov. : thef. chariot of the 
 tun, {. currus solis, Sil. 4. flammlger, 
 £ra, 6rum (poet.) : Lucan. 
 
 flamingo : phoenicoptfirus : Plln. 
 (Linn.). 
 
 flank (subs.) : I. Of an animal : 
 ilia, iiim, n. ; to draw the /.« togetlier 
 {as a broken-winded horse), i. ducere, 
 Hor. Kp. I, I, 9: V'irp : Plin. ||. 
 
 Of an army: latus. eris. n. (v. sidk) : 
 he stations the cavalry on thefts, equiie s 
 ad latera disponit, Cae.s. : to surround 
 an enemy on the rear, on thef.s, (liostes) 
 ab tergo, laterlbus circumvenire, Sail. 
 Jug. 50, /in..- on both f.s, ab uiroqiie I., 
 Caes. B. C. i, 25, Jin. .- the exposed 
 (right) f.. apertum \., Caes. B. G. i, 25. 
 
 flank (v.) : expr. by latus (V. preced. 
 art.) : his line of battle I'os f.'d iiith 
 cavalry, equitatus latera cingebat. Caes. 
 B. 0. 1, 8} ; both n-ings uere f.'d by a 
 rising ground, •ab utroque latere tu- 
 mnlns erat. 
 
 flank (as adj.) : P h r. ■ to effect a f. 
 movement, praetcr castra liostium topias 
 traduccrf, cf. Caes. B. G. i, 48. 
 
 flannel: *textura quaedam crassior 
 ex lana facta. 
 
 flap (subs.) : I. Of a dress, etc. : 
 lacinia (v. lappet) : the double f.s 
 hanging from (a goat's) neck, \&cm\a,e a 
 cervice binac dr-pendentps, I'lin. 8, 50, 76. 
 II, A blow. perh. aiapa (onomatop. 
 like the Eng.) : v. si..\p, blow. 
 
 flap (»■) : I. Trans.: Phr. : to 
 /. the vdngs, alls plaiidere, Virg. Aen. 5, 
 516; plauderepennis. Ov. Met. 8, 2j8: to 
 f, away flies, "muscas (lacinia vestis, 
 flabello) ablgere v. to drt\k away. 
 II, In trans. : to hang loosfly: 
 3nito, I : sails f.ing at the top of the 
 mast, vela summi fluitantia male, Ov. 
 Met. 11,470: Prop, (to expr. the sound, 
 cum plausu may be added : cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 21 5). 
 
 flare : Oagro, i : V. TO BLAZE. 
 
 flash (subs.) : I . Brightness, sheen : 
 fulgor, oris, m,. : the f. of arms, f. ar- 
 momm, Hor. : the f. of mirrors, f. spe- 
 culorum, Plin. 7, 15, ij. Pro v.; a f. 
 in the pan, fumum ex f. dare, Hor. A. 
 P. 14? : V. BRIGHTNE.SS. ||. Of light- 
 ning : fulgur, fulmen (the latter refer- 
 ring to the lightning as striking and 
 destroying) : v. lightning. 
 
 flash (w.) ' 1. fu'seo. si, sura. 2: 
 the glittering sivords f.'d, micantes ful- 
 sere t^ladii, Llv. : the fires (lightnings) 
 f.'d, Ignes fulsere, Virg. Aen. 4, 167 : 
 cats' eyes f. and beam in the dark, fe- 
 lium In tenebris f. micantque ociili, 
 Plin. II, i7, ;?. 2. cSrusco, i (ivith 
 a quick, glittering movement): v. to 
 glitteb. 3. rutTli), i (» ilh a ruddy 
 gleam) : to f. through the clear sky (of 
 the armour of Aeneas), per sudiim r., 
 Virg. Aen. 8, 529: Tac. 4. mico.ui, 
 I (with quick, darting rays)-: fire f.s 
 from his eyes, m. oculis Ignis, Virg. : 
 Lucr.: v. toglittee. 6. emico, iii, 
 
 atum, I (to f. and dart forth): light- 
 nings f. forth from eve>'y quarter of 
 the sky, fulgura ab omni parte coeli e.. 
 Curt. : Quint. 
 
 flashing (a*') • 1. fuigidus : 
 
 Hot.: Lucr. 2. fulgens, ntis: Clc. : 
 Hor. 3. cijrnscus v. GLrrrF.RiNG. 
 flashy : P^rh. facosus, fucatus : V. 
 
 FALSE, FICrmOL'S. 
 
 flask: 1. ampulla (of SH-elling, 
 rounded form) : Clc. : Plin. A maker 
 of sxtch f.s, ampuUiirius, I 'I. Rud. ;, 4, 
 51. 2. liguncula (dimin. of lagena, 
 a flagon ; used on excursions, etc.) : 
 Plln. kp. 1,6,;. 
 
 flat (a^j) •• I. ^.f surface : 1. 
 aequus (only of ground in this sense); 
 V. LEVEL. 2 planus: o f. fish, p. 
 piscis, Plln. 9, 20, 16. 3. campcster, 
 tris, tre (of level tracts of country : opp. 
 to montanus, coUlnus); Varr. 4. 
 pronus (of persons lying f. on the face) : 
 
 to stretch a mum f. upon the ground, 
 aliquem pronum stemere solo, Virg.: 
 an oak growing fur a little way f. 
 along ihe ground, ilex paulnm modo 
 p., .Sail. Jug. 9 J. med. P h r. : to lay /., 
 stemere, prostemere : v. to level, 
 prostrate. II. Insipid, dull: 1. 
 vapid us (of wine that has lost its fla- 
 vour) : /. n-ine, v. vinuni. Col. (subs. 
 vappa : cf Plln. 14, 20, 25 : deperlt sajmr 
 vappaetiue accipit nomen) : Hor. 2. 
 (tig.) frigidus (dull, staU) : (jokes) lilx 
 these are /., haec f. sunt, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 64, 260 v. FRIGID, dull. To t>e f. or 
 dull, frigeo, 2 (y. to flag, 3) : the mar- 
 ket uas very J., •annona admudum frl- 
 gebat (comp. annonani incendere, ex- 
 candefacere, to raise prices, Varr. R. R. 
 }, 2, ad fin.). 3. iiisulsus: v. insipid. 
 III. Sheer, utter : mfirus ■ /. pro- 
 digies, m. monstra, Clc. Att. 4, 7, i. 
 I'lir. : to tell a f. lie, aperte mentiri, 
 Cic. : to give a f. denial, plane, aperte 
 (perh. sine fuco et fallaclis, cf Cic. A It. 
 
 1, i) negare, Cic. (v. opexlt) : "our 
 only hope is f. despair" (Milt.), una 
 salus victis niillam sperare salutem, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, ?54. |V. '" music, 
 t>eloir pitch : to singf., *absurde (out of 
 tune) atque infra accentuin cantare (?). 
 
 flat (suhf,.): I. A level Surface: 
 planUies, ei : v. plain. ||. A storey: 
 tabaiatum: v. storey. |||. Colloq. 
 a foolish person : homo iiieptus, Ingulsus, 
 stultus: v. fool. IV. In music, a 
 note depressed by a semi tone : (vocula) 
 mollis (?) : cf. Germ. mull. 
 
 flatlV : aperte, pliine ; v. plainly. 
 
 flatness : I. Levdness : 1. 
 
 planUies, el (usu. the plain itself): on 
 account of thef. of the amntiy (Assyria), 
 propter p. regionum, Cic. Div. i, i. 2. 
 2. aequalitas: v. levelnf.ss. ||. 
 Fig., dulness : expr. by frigidus, frigeo 
 (v. FLAT. 11., 2): there is a little f. about 
 the diction, *ni)nnihil frigidi sermo habet ; 
 frigent haec plus aequo. 
 
 flat-nosed: simus; /. kids, s. ca- 
 prllae, Virg. 
 
 flatten: complano; planum facio, 
 reddo: v. to level. Phr. : flattened 
 at the poles (the earth), *circa polos 
 planior quara pro spliaerae ratlone. 
 
 flattening : complanatio (making 
 level) : Sen. Usu. belter expr. by verb : 
 v. preced. art. 
 
 flatter : 1. adulor, less freq. 
 
 adulo, I (usu. with ace. : also dat., esp. 
 in latter writers: strictly, to faun upon, 
 as a dog) : to f. everybody, onnics adu- 
 lari, Cic. : he f.'d those present, prac- 
 sentibus adulatus est, Liv. In pass. 
 (rare) : ve must beware of letting <mr- 
 selres be f.'d, cavendum est ne nos adu- 
 lari sinamus, Cic. Off. I, 26,91. 2. a.s- 
 senior, i (strictly, to fall, in nnth every 
 thing a man says: cf Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 
 2 J : with dat.) : he most opens his ears 
 to flatterers nho fs himself, is assenta- 
 tofibus patefacit aures su.is niaxime, qui 
 ipsi sibi a., Cic. Am. 26, 97 ; to f. untJi 
 looks, vultu a., Curt. 3. blaiidior, 4 
 (in a winning manner ; with fair 
 speecltes: with dat): pleasure sn-eelly 
 (insinuatingly) f.s otir senses, voluptas 
 suaviter sensibus nostris b., Cic. Acad. 
 
 2. 45, 139: they openly f. our order, 
 nostro ordini palam blandiuntur, PI. 
 Cist. I, I, 55. 4. palpor, i (strictly, 
 by caressing: with dat.): to f. any one 
 clumsily, alicui male p.. Hor. S. 2, i, 20. 
 
 5. mulceo. 2: v. TO soothe. (N.B. 
 The pass, is usu. best expr. by Invert- 
 ing the sentence: he nas f.'d by every 
 bad I/, *onines eum adulabantur. etc.) 
 
 flatterer: 1. adulator: I do not 
 wish to be a praiser, lest I should seem to 
 he a, I'., nolo laudator esse, ne a. videar, 
 Auct. Her. Fern, adulatri.x. Trebell. : 
 Tert. 2. a.ssentator (for syn., v. to 
 flatter): thef. always magnifies what 
 the perso7i whom he s/vaks to please, 
 would have great, semper auget as. Id 
 quod is. cnjus ad voluptatem loquitur 
 vult esse magnum, Cic. Am. 26, 98: to 
 open one's ears to f.s, aures suas assen- 
 tatoribus patefacere. Cic. 3. arrisor 
 (one who lauglis at [the jokes ^others]t 
 
 late) : the f. of sUly rich men, stolt- 
 orum divitum a., Jwn. 4, expr. by 
 pres. part, (cf L. <i. $ 6(8): riu one 
 fails to discern an open 1., nemo 
 aperte adulantem noii vidct. Clc; 
 to scorn fj, *assentanU-8, adulantes 
 aspemari. 
 
 flattering: 1. biandus {Uiand. 
 
 fair-fpeeched) : to separate Utef. Jriend 
 from Vie true, b. amicum a veto s«er- 
 iiere, Clc. Am. 25, 95 : /. praisrs. b. 
 laudes, Virg. 2. adulatorius: lac. 
 3. adulans: /. words, a. verba, 
 Plin. : iert. (N.B.— The ailj. may often 
 Ije atUiched to thr, person, raiher than tn 
 tlie acts or language : to hat-; f. words, 
 •adnlantiimi verba odisse : v. preced. 
 an.) Phr.: a f. likeness. •eflBgies s. 
 imago magis vcnusla quam vera. 
 
 flatteringly : 1. assenlitOrie : 
 
 nut f. but as a (rrother. iion a. sed fra- 
 teriie, Cic. 2. ftdulatont (v. rare) 
 Aug. [better, adulanti.s nmre; or adu- 
 lando : cf L. G. ^ 541. exx.]. 3. 
 
 blaiidc (in a winnitig, insinuating man- 
 ner) : Cic. 4. per bUmdiiias to tay 
 anything f., per b. dio-re, Suet. Ner. 34. 
 
 flattery : 1, adulatlo (most gen. 
 term): Join: adulatio, blanditia, as- 
 sentatio, Cic. Am. 25, 91 : fur sjn. v. to 
 FLATTKR. 2. assenifitio: pujjtd up 
 with /., inflatus assenlationibus, Llv. : 
 Cic. himin. assentaiiuncula, petty /.. 
 PI. : Cic. 3. amblti.) (the act of 
 
 courting favour, by dishonest means) : 
 to be guilty of /., ambitione labi, Cic. 
 Br. 69, 244 : without f., a. relegalft, Hor. 
 S. I, 10, 84 [but the passage is vari- 
 ously explained] : Suet. 4. blandi- 
 tia (usu. pi.: insinuating address): to 
 gain the goodwill of the citizens by f. 
 of them, colligere b<-nevolentiam ci%'lum 
 blanditiis, Clc. : Suet.: Pac. 5. blan- 
 dimentum (in pi , ace. to L. G. ^ 591) 
 perverted by threats or f, minis aul 
 blandimentis corrupius, Cic. Tusc. ;, 
 
 JI, 87 : V. BLANDISHMENT. 6. expr. 
 
 by pres. part, of adulor, assentor ; to 
 despise /., adulantes, asseulantes asper- 
 narl ; adulantium verba spemere : v 
 L. G. i 6!8, 'Jbs. 2. 
 
 flatulency : 1. inflatio : this food 
 
 proituces great f., habet iiif magnam is 
 cibus. Cic. Iiiv. i, jo. 62: Cels. : to re 
 lieve /.. inf sedare. I'lin. 2. vento- 
 sitas : Vcg. Vet. i. J9: Coel. Aur. 
 
 flatulent: expr. by inflatio: f.food, 
 cibus qui iiiflationem habei. Cic : /. 
 persinis, *iiitlatione (ventris) laborantes : 
 
 V. KLATULKXCY-. 
 
 flaunt : vollto, 1 (to flit or hover 
 aUitU) : and now he roams through all 
 Asia, he f.s like a king, et nunc tota 
 Asia vagatur, v. ut rex, Cic. Phil. 11, 
 2. extr. : v. TO flit. Phr.: seel 
 yonder f.s the very num. ipse, en, ille 
 magnifice incedit! Liv. 2. 6: hoir su- 
 perbly he f.s along, ut magnifice inlert 
 sese ! PI. "Ps. 4, I. 7 : tof. in magnificent 
 altire, *magnifico lateque fluitantl ves- 
 titn incedere. 
 
 flaunting (<i<y.)-- Phr.: ••useless 
 ornament and f. show " (Drj-den), •mun- 
 ditiiie illae iiiutiles vanoque aspectn • 
 cf Tac. Agr. ?2. med. 
 
 flavour (subs.) .- 1. sipor : a 
 
 street /.. dnlcis s., Hor.: a pleasant J., 
 Jucundus s., PI. ; a rough f, ». asper. 
 Plin. : a tart /.. s. acidulus, Plin. : oil 
 of very fine f., oleum praestimtLssimum 
 sapore. Plin. 2. succus or sficus 
 
 (strictly juice): to be inferior in /., 
 succo cedere. H^r. S. 2. 4, 70: Ov. : 
 Plin. 3. sillva (metwii. • rare) : to 
 knoiv the f. nf thrwJtts, lurdorum nosse 
 s., Pers. 6, 24 : the vaturaJ f. of every 
 wine is most harml'SS, sua cuique vine 
 s. innocentlssinia, Plin. 2?, i. 21. Phr. 
 to haw a f. of a tiling, sapfre .- to have 
 a very pUaianl /'., Jucimdisslme 8., CoJ. 
 7, 8. med. : to have Ihe f. of a (parti- 
 cular) plant, h. rbiun s.. Plin. 11. 8 8. 
 
 flavour I ''-^ ■• 1. imbuo, 1, utum. 
 J (lit to sunk, satiiratt. uHlh : cf. I'iln. 
 H. 8. 8: dolla imbui amnrca Jubei) : 
 to be f.'d with a particular fragranct, 
 odore Imbui, Hor. Ep. i, 2,69: to/.. 
 with nectar (fig.), nectare L, Hor. 04 
 *J5
 
 FLAW 
 
 FLEETNESS 
 
 FliEXIBILITY 
 
 1, IJ, i6. 2. inficio, teci, fectum, j 
 honey f.'d uith leaves, mel foliis infec- 
 tnm, Plin. ii, n, i} . to become f.'d (of 
 olives), alieno sapore infici, Plin. 15, }, 
 4. 3. (In pass.) sapio, ui, } (sometimes 
 with ace.) : V. FLAVOUR, sm6s. {fin.). 
 
 flaw : 1. vitium : no f. in nails 
 or roof, nihil in parietibus aut in tect« 
 vitii, Cic. Fam. 9, \$,extr.: to contra/t 
 o/., V. facere, Cic. Top. i, 15. Fig. ■ 
 there is a f. in the argument, v. est in 
 argumento, Cic. 2. mendum, menda 
 V bl£mish. 
 
 flawless : emendatus, sine niendo : 
 
 V. FAni-TLESS. PERFECT. 
 
 flax : 1. litium : a crop of /., 
 lini seges, Virg. : to pluck, macerate, 
 beat. Comb f.. 1. vellere, in aqu .ni mer- 
 gere, macerare, tundere, pecteie, Plin. 
 19, I, J : fineness, finnnt^ns, hriUiancii 
 of f., lini tenuiias, firniitas, splendor, 
 candor, F'lin. 19, i, 2. 2. carbasus, 
 '•/• (.^»« Spanish f.) ■ Plin. : Cat. 
 
 flaxen: I. W th^ material -. 1. 
 lineuii : f. bands, 1. vincula, Virg. : /. 
 robes, 1. vestes, Plin. : v. linen. 2. 
 carbaseus : fne f. aunings, c. vela, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 12, jo Virg. ||. Oi colour: 
 perh. sufflavus {inclining to auburn) : 
 Suet. Aug. "79. (More precisely, *lini 
 speciem habens.) 
 
 flay : 1. degiabo, psi, ptum, J : it 
 is the part of a good shepherd to shear 
 the flock, not to f. Viem, boni pastoris 
 est tondere pecus non d., lib. in Suet, 
 vit. J 2, extr.: to f. a man alive, ali- 
 quem vivum d., Varr. ap. Non. 2. 
 exc6rio, I (v. rare) : Apul. fr. 3. 
 e.\pr. by pellis, ciitis, tergus, and a 
 verb: tlie gall {of a bull) uhen f.'d, fel 
 post detractam cutem, Plin. 28, 12, ;o: 
 they hastily f. {the beasts), tergora deri- 
 piunt costis, Virg. Aen. i, 211. 
 
 flea : pfllex, Icis, m. : PI. : Plin. 
 Full offs, pulicosus, e. g. canis, Col. 
 
 flea-bane ; conyza .- Piin. 
 
 flea-bite : *pulicis morsus. 
 flea-wort : psyllion, i : Plin. 
 fleck (««&*•) ■■ maciila: v. spot. 
 fleck (!'.) ■" macule, maculis distingue : 
 
 V. TO SPOT. 
 
 fledged {part, adj.) : 1. plii- 
 mans, ntis : the young birds being just 
 about f., pullis Jam jam plumantibus, 
 Gell. 2, 29, ad init. 2. plumatus: 
 v. FEATHERED. P h r. : as soon as they 
 are /., *simul ac plumis obducti sint: 
 
 v. PLUMAGE. 
 
 flee, flee from : 1. lugio, fugi, 
 
 fiigltum, J (both trans, and intrans.): 
 to f. from converse with men, f. con- 
 ventus hominum, Caes : a icolf fled 
 from me unarmed, lupus me fugit iner- 
 mem, Hor. Absol. : he is said to have 
 Jied rmth a large sum of money, fugisse 
 cum magna pecunia dicitur, Cic. Kep. 
 
 2, 19: he fl'd from the toun, oppido 
 fugit, Cai B. C. J, 29: Aeneas uhen 
 f.ing from Troy, Aeneas fugiens a 
 Troja, Cic. Verr. 4, a, 72 (without the 
 prep, it would mean only that he left 
 Troy ; with the prep., it is implied that 
 he kept out of the rray of Troy, and 
 directed his course elsewhere). Fig.: 
 the ivinds lull, and the clouds f, con- 
 cidunt venti, f.que nubes. Hor. : the 
 colour had fled fnnn his face, fugerat 
 ex ore color, Ov. For other senses, v, 
 TO AVOID. Piequent. fiigiio. I : tn make 
 repeated efforts to flie -. the frogs f. 
 hither and thifier to escaj)e death, 
 (ranae) fugitani mortem, Pbaedr. 1, 2, 
 25- 2. e-xpr. li.V tuga and a verb : 
 the king fled for his life, rex luga salu- 
 tem petit. Nep. Hann. 11 v flight. 
 P h r. . all hof>e has fled, occidit spes 
 omnis, Hor, Od. 4. 4, 70 all these 
 charms are fled, *periit venustas ; pe- 
 rlere deliciae: lioing ciitiie ve hate; 
 vhen it is Hed from our ei/e.<:, ve regret 
 it, virtutem incotumem odimus; sub- 
 latam oculi:- quaerimiis, Hor. od. }, 24, 
 jl. See also full. art. 
 
 asunder; '• e. in dilTeient di- 
 rections : diffugio. J : pale with terror 
 at the sight, n e f. hither and thither, 
 diffugimus visu exsangues, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 212 : Cic. 
 306 
 
 flee awar : 1. aufuglo, 4 (rare) : 
 he had fled a good space from the scene 
 of the combat, iiliquantum spatii ex eo 
 loco ubi pugnatum est aufugerat, Liv. 
 I, 2;, med. With ace. : f.ing from the 
 face of her parent (of Andromeda), au- 
 fugiens {al. eff.) aspectuni parent's, Cic. 
 poet. N. D. I, 4J, III. 2. fugio, J: 
 V. TO flee. 
 
 back ; rgfugio, j : to f. liack to 
 
 the city, ad urbem r., Liv. : she Jied back 
 into the forest, in sylvam refugit, Virg. 
 Aen. J, 250. 
 
 to : Psp. for refuge : 1 con- 
 
 fiigio, } : Alexandria, whither Antony 
 had fled, Ale.xandria, qut> confugerat 
 Antonius, Suet. : the rest they cmiipelled 
 to f. to their ships, reliquos in naves 
 c. coegerunt, Caes. : tof. {for refuge) to 
 an altar, in aram c, Cic. Tusc. 1, jj, 
 85 ; ad aram c, Ov. Fig. : ue f. for 
 refuge to your protection, confugiinus in 
 tuam fidem, Cic. Quint, l, 10; also freq. 
 ad fidem, clementiam, etc., Cic. ■ Liv. 
 
 2. perlugio, J (implying tliat the 
 place of refuge is actttaUy reached) : 
 { Heraclides) on being expelled by Dimty 
 sius, Jled to Corinth, Corinthum per- 
 fugit, expulsus a Dionysio, Nep. Dion 
 5 to f. for safety to any one. ad ali- 
 quem p., Liv.: Curt. 3. advolo, i: 
 
 V. TO FLY TO. 
 
 fleece {subs.): vellus, gris, n.: f.s 
 that have drunk the dye of Aquinum, 
 Aquinatem potantia vellera fucum, 
 Hor. F,p. 1, 10, 27 ; a woolly f., lanige- 
 rum v., Ov. 
 
 fleece (w- tr.) : i. e. to pillage by ex- 
 tmtion : 1. BpSlio, i : if you f. our 
 allies and pillage the treasury, si socios 
 spolias, aerarium expilas, Cic. I'ar. 6, i. 
 4J : cornice, tof, dock, and mangle any 
 one you get hold of, spoliare, mutilare, 
 lacerare quemquam nactus sis, I'er. Hec. 
 I, I, 8. 2, expilo, I : to f. the allies, 
 socios ex., Cic. : cf. supr. 
 
 fleecy : laniger, era, 6rum : /. flocks, 
 1. greges, Virg. : Plin. : v. woolly. 
 P h r. : thin f. clouds are wafted o'er 
 the sky, tenuia lanae per coelum vellera 
 feruntur, Virg. G. i, 397. 
 
 fleet {subs.) : classis, is, /. : to build 
 and equip a f., c. aedificare et ornare 
 (instruere), Cic. : to get ready a /., c. 
 parare, Liv. : to collect a f., c. compa- 
 rare, Cic. : to have command of a f., 
 classi praeesse, Cic. : to enlist for thef., 
 nomen in classem dare, Liv. 28, 45, 
 fm. : to man the Koman f. with sailors, 
 c. Romanam sociis navalibus complere. 
 Liv. 2. e.\pr. by naves : to man a f. 
 with farm labourers and shapherds, 
 naves colonis et pastoribus complere, 
 Caes. B. C. 1 , 56 : Liv. : v. ship. 
 
 fleet {adj.): 1. c61er, gris, ere: 
 V.SWIFT. 2. v61ii' er, cris, ere (as it 
 were tringed, flying) : f. horses, v. equi, 
 Ov. : /. breezes, v. aurae, Virg. : Hoi. 
 
 3. fiigax, acis {given to run auuy) : 
 fleeter than the winds and the winged 
 breeze, ventis volucrique fugacior aura, 
 Ov. : Hor. 
 
 fleeting {adj.): 1. fugax, acis 
 
 {quick to take flight) : thef. i/ears glide 
 by, f. latmntur anni, Hor. Od. 2, 14, i : 
 mostf. blessings, fugacissima bona, Sen. 
 Kp. 74, 8. 2. flu.NUs {^flowing auay 
 like a stream) : human affairs, f. and 
 changeable, humanae res f. et mobiles, 
 Sail. Jug. 104: /. glcrry, f. gloria. Sail. : 
 Cic. 3. caducus {ready to fall, un- 
 lelialilt) : human affair.'^ are frail and 
 f, res humanae fragiles c.que sunt, 
 Cic. : v. FRAIL. 4. vSlatilis, e {fly- 
 ing : u-inged) : f. life, v. aetas, Ov. M. 
 10, 519: gltiry is a vain and f. thing, 
 eloria vanum et v. quiddam est, Sen. 
 Ep. 12;, fln. 5. volucer, ens, ere: 
 v. fleet, wrNGED. 6. lubricus (lit. 
 slippery : gliding softly away) . the f. 
 year, 1. annus. Ov. A. A. ;, 564 the f. 
 shade escapes the grasping hands, 1. 
 prensautes efTugit umbra manus, Ov 
 Fa^t. 5 476. 7, Igvis, e: thef. hours, 
 1. horae, Ov. : v. LIGHT. 
 
 fleetly : c616riter : v. SWIFTLY. 
 
 fleetneSS i velocitas, pernicitas : v. 
 
 SWIFTNKS.S. 
 
 flesh (s«bs.): I. In ordinary sense-. 
 1, caro, camis, /. (sti ictly, /. as 
 meat ; whereas viscus denotes living 
 flAish : but the distinction is not always 
 adhered to) : to live on ntilk and /., 
 lacte et came vivere, Caes. : raw f., 
 cruda c. Sen. : /. of game, c. f3rina, or 
 ferina alone as subs.. Sail.: Virg. (t. 
 GAME) : J. of oxen, carnes bubulae, Plin. 
 (in designating diff. kinds of flesh, such 
 adJJ. as agnina, vitulina, canina, are 
 used as subss., like ferina, supr.). Some- 
 times usedconttmpluou.-ly : never shall 
 this f. drire me to J ear, nunquam me 
 c. ista compellet ad metum. .Sen. Ep. 65, 
 22 : also used of the Jleshy part of fruits 
 (v. pulp). Dimin. carunciila. to put 
 trust in a little tnt of calves' f. {the 
 exta), carunculae vltulinae credere, Cic. 
 Div. 2, 24, 52. 2. corpus, 6ri8, n. : 
 the bones placed under the /., o.-sa snb- 
 jecia corpori, Cic. N. 1). 2, 55, U9: / 
 have lost both strength aiiii /., vires et 
 c. amisi, Cic. Fam. 7, 26: on u hat fare 
 hace you made so muchf, quo cibo tan- 
 turn fecisli corporis ? Pbaedr. j, 7, ; : 
 diet adapted for making f, cibi potio- 
 nesque corpori faciendo aptae, Cels. 
 Hence of, or belonging to /., corpo- 
 reus : the shoulder of f. (of Pelops), 
 humerus c, Ov. M. 6, 406 : food con- 
 sisting of f., c. <iapes,Ov. 3. viscus, 
 eris, n. (comp. supr. 1 : see also rsTES- 
 TINES) : /. {he said) uas produced from 
 small particles of f., de minutls visceri- 
 bus visc"s gigni, Lucr. i, 857 : from tlie 
 [putrid f. spring bees, de puiri v. nas- 
 cuntur apes, Ov. M. 15, 365 : darts slick- 
 ing fast in the f. (under the skin), 
 haerentia viscere tela, Ov. Met. 6, 290: 
 when the tunic had fastened itself upon 
 his f., cum tunica visceribus inhae- 
 sisset, Cic. Tusc. 2, 8, 20. 4. pulpa 
 (/. without bone : rare) : to devour the 
 f. of a suspicious leg of jiork, p. dubio 
 de petasone vorare, Mart. ?, J7, 6 : bones 
 stiipped of the /., ossa viduata pulpis, 
 Apul. Fig.: this polluted f. of ours, 
 haec scelerata p., Pers. 2, 6j : Ausou. 
 II, As theoL term : the carnal na- 
 ture: caro, camis, /. : Vulg. Rom. viii. 
 
 I. Or perhaps, libidines corporis (v. 
 lust). P h r. : pleasure of the /., cor- 
 poris voluptas, Cic. : v. bodily. 
 
 flesh ("•)•• to imbrue a sword with 
 blood, imbuo, i, Otum, } {to dip in, 
 drench) : n hen once he had f.'d his sword, 
 quum semel gladiura sanguine imbuis- 
 set, cf. Cic. Phil. ?, 7, 20. 
 
 flesh-brotb ; *jus carnibus factum : 
 
 v. BROTH. 
 
 flesh-colour; candor camosus: Plin. 
 
 II. J7, i4- 
 
 flesh-coloured: carnosus: Plin. 
 
 flesh-hook : oamarium : Varr. ; PI. 
 
 flesh-wound: vulnus qui in carne 
 est Cels. ;, 26, }, extr. 
 
 fleshiness: I. Fleshy nature: 
 
 *carms s. corporis natura. Phr. : "a 
 diet puffing up the soul ndth a slimy f.' 
 (.Milt.), *cibus qui animum quasi lubrico 
 quodam carnis gemre implet atque in- 
 flat. Sometimes c«ro will st'rve : he {Aes- 
 cliines) has more f, less theirs, carnis 
 plus habet, lacertorum minus, Quint. 10, 
 1,77- II. Corpulence: q v. 
 
 fleshliuess: lu theol. sense, cama- 
 lit:is: Aug. 
 
 fleshly : in theol. sense, carnalis, e : 
 Vulg. : Tert. : v. carnal. 
 
 fleshy: I. < f the nature of flesh : 
 *carnis S. visceris naturuiii Itabeiis: v. 
 FLESH. The f crest of the cock, insigne 
 corporeum gallinacei, Plin. 11, ir. 44. 
 II, Abounding in flesh: carnosus: 
 /. hands, legs, c. manus, irura. Plin.: /. 
 leaves, c. folia, Plin. 16. 6, 8. 
 
 flexibility: |. Lit. : 1. len- 
 
 titia: taiys of pliant f. for bands 
 {iiithes), virgae sequacis ad vincturas I., 
 Plin. 16, }7, 68. 2. lentor- the ash 
 is chosen on account of itsf , the oak for 
 its hardness, lentore fraxiniis, diiritia 
 ilex legitur. Plin. 16, 4J, 84. (May ii>u. 
 I)e e.\pr. by adj. : no tne exceeds the 
 willow in /., nulla arl:orsalice flexibi- 
 lior: v. flexible.) ||. Fig. of cha- 
 racter: mollitia, molliiies: a kitid qf
 
 FLEXIBLE 
 
 FLOAT 
 
 FLOCK 
 
 tenderness and /., teneritas quaedani et | 
 mollities, Cic. Kin. 5, 21, 58: agility \ 
 and, so to speak, f. of vature, agilila-, 
 nt ita dicam, mollitk-sque, Cic. Alt. i, 
 17, I. (Oftener used in bad sense : v. 
 
 SOFTNES.S, EFFKMINACV.) 2. facllitas 
 
 {easiness of being wrought upon) : the 
 f. of childhood, f. (puerilis) aetatis, 
 Quint. I, 12, II. (Or e.xpr. by adj.: 
 diction of such f. as to follow uherever 
 you turn it, oratio ita fle.\ibilis, ut se- 
 quatur quocunque torqueab. (juint. : v. 
 FLEXiBLi:.) N.B. — Fle.\lbilitas is with- 
 out Kuod autliorlty. 
 
 flexible : 1. fl>xibills. e (lit. and 
 fig.): tUat the mnterial of all things is 
 f. and changeable, materiani rerum esse 
 f. et commutabilem, Cic. N. I>. j, jg, 
 92 : the ux)od of the vine f. for chariot.'!, 
 ad currus f. vitls, Pliii. 16. 4;, 8{ : a f. 
 kind of voice, genus vocis f., Cic. N. D. 
 2, 58, 146: tliei/ have nothing in them 
 that is not f. towards goodness, nihil 
 habent non f. ad bonitaiem, Cic. Att. lo, 
 II, init.:f. diction, uratio f., Cic. Or. 
 •6, 52. 2. fle.xilis, e (only in lit. 
 gen.-e): all f. (trees), f. uniiiia [quae 
 lenta diximus], I'lin. 16, 4?, 8{: a f. 
 Aora, f. cornu, Ov. 3. If'Hus (lough; 
 opp. to brittle) : f. boughs, 1. rami, V'iri;. : 
 more f. than ti-iltoiv bouyhs, lenlior sa- 
 licis virgis, Ov. M. i;, 800: a f. whip, 
 I. flagellum, I'haedr. }, 6, 6 I'lin. 16, 
 45, 8} (v. supr.). Hence, to become /., 
 lentesco, J : \f' a willou' is notf. enough, 
 it must be buried in manure so as to 
 become f., salix si minus 1. est, in ster- 
 core obruenda, ut lentescat, Col. 11. 2, 
 alfin. 4. mollis, e: the f. rush, m. 
 juncus, Virg. : /. linden trees, in. liliae, 
 
 Ov. ■ V. SOFT, VIKLDING. 
 
 flicker: I. Originally of any quick 
 fluueririg motion, e. g., of birds, leaves : 
 volito, I : V. TO FLUTTEit. Holland ren- 
 ders Pliny's ludentia folia (18. J5, 86), 
 by " leaves that flicker and play." ||, 
 Now only of light or Jlame; 1. trfi- 
 pido, I the flames /., as they whirl the 
 sooty snwke on their crest, sordiduni 
 flamniae t. (^treniulo motu agitiintur, 
 Dijr.) rotantes veriice fumum, Hor. Od. 
 4, II, II. 2. corusco, I: v. to flash, 
 GLrrTEB. See also foil art. 
 
 flickering (a^ij-) : 1. tremuius: 
 
 the flame sheds a f. beam, flamnia t, 
 spargit jubar, Ov. Fast, i, 78 : f. flames, 
 I. flaminae, Virg. E. 8, 105. '2. fe- 
 pidans : v. preced. art. 
 
 flier : rare : a bird that is a good f., 
 *avis quae bene s. ceieriter volat. 
 
 flight : I. 7'*« motion of flying 
 creatures : 1. vSlatus, us : ivarned 
 by the f. of an eagle, aquilae admonitus 
 volatu, Cic. IJiv. i, 15. 26 (elsewhere 
 Cic has involatus in same sense, Fara. 
 6, 6) : to be borne in Fegaseanf., Pegaseo 
 ferri v., Cat. 2. \3.^Ans,Ui. (any glid- 
 ing motion) ; thef.s and songs of birds, 
 avium lapsus atque cantus, Cic. N. 1). 2, 
 J9, 99 : loith sii-iftf. through the sky (of 
 goddesses), celeri per aether 1., Val. Fl. : 
 to slay the rapid f. of rivers, rapidos 
 fluminum morari 1., Hor. 3. nisus, us 
 (with effort ; soai-ing f. : poet.) ; rapid 
 f., rapidus n., Virg. Aen. 11, 852: un- 
 wonted fjf, insoliti n., Hor. Od. 4, 4, 8. 
 
 II, Kscape by fleeing : J, fuga : 
 the spldiers take tof, dant sese in fugam 
 militcs, Cic. Verr. '4. 45, 95 ; simly, in f. 
 se conferre, Cic. Caec. 8, 22 ; se in f. con- 
 jicere, Cic. Coel. 26, 6j; f. capere, Caes. ; 
 f. facere. Sail. : Li v. (but f. lacere Is also 
 to cause/., Liv. I, ;6); to put the enemy 
 to /., hostes iu f. dare, coiijicere, Caes. ; 
 vertere, Liv. 2. efruguun: v. escai>e. 
 
 III, A large number <f birds, etc.. 
 flying^ no exact word: Virg. luis agnu'ii 
 magnum, of rai-ens, G. I, 581. .\ f. of 
 locusts, examen locustarum, Liv. : v. 
 
 8WARM, MULTITUDE. |V. Of stairS : 
 
 Ecala, more (rcq. pi.: I live up three f.s 
 of stairs, sciiVts hablto tribus. Mart, i, 
 117, 8; by a f. of two hundred steps, 
 per ducentos gradus, JIart. 7,20, 20. 
 the entrance is by a f. of forty steps, 
 per qnater dcnos itur gradus, Ov. Pout. 
 
 3, 2, 50 etc. : V. STEP. 
 
 — to put to : L f iieo, i the 
 
 Latins tvere routed and p^ tof., Lalliii 
 fusi et fugati sunt, Cic: Caes.: v. to 
 
 UKIVE AWAY (2). 2. Impc-llO. puli. 
 
 pubuni, 3 (to give a sliockto: in milit. 
 sense) : at the first onset he put the 
 enemy to f. (caused him to break), hos- 
 Uni priniu inipetu inipullt, Liv. 9, 27, 
 med. : more luUy, in lugani imp., Cic. 
 Rab perd. 8, 22. See also to ijisi-kl. 
 flightiness • moblUtas, levltas : v. 
 
 FlCKLKM-.ss. 
 
 flighty : mObllls, mulabllls, I6vis : 
 v. FKKi.E. Or perh. more exactly, vo- 
 lalicus : applied by Cic. to the Academy. 
 Acadeniiam volaticam et sui siniilem, 
 modo hue, niodo illuc, Cic. Att. U, 25. 
 ./ o i n : volaticus et levls, SetL Ep. 
 
 42.4- 
 
 flimsineSS : I. Of fabrics : nmiia 
 subtilitas s. tenuitas: v. tuisni.*s. ||, 
 Of reasoning : emptiness, sophistry : 
 perh. argiitiae, arum : of. Cic. Aia. 
 iJ. j;. 
 
 flimsr : I. Of fabrics ; mmis sub- 
 lilis, tenuis; praetenuis: v. thin. fine. 
 II. Of reasoning: ivorthless, sophis- 
 tical : frivSlus : cf. Gell. 2. 7, ad init. : 
 argutiola quippe h-iec frivola et inanis : 
 V. KBivoiJJCs, Worthless. 
 
 flinch: Phr. : / too have f.'d be- 
 neath the ferule, et nos manum ferulae 
 suMuximus, Juv. i, 15 : and not a mayi 
 f.ing, nee ullo pedeni referente, Liv. 21, 
 8, med. (v. to fall back) ; oxen f .from 
 the yoke at first, detreciant prima juga 
 boves, Ov. (v. T<j sHurSK from). 
 fling : jacio, coiijicio, } : v. ro throw. 
 flint: silex, icis, wi. and/.: to hew 
 f., s. caedere, Cic. : to pave roads withf., 
 vias silice stemere, Liv. 28, j8 : to strike 
 alight H'itA a/., silici sciniillam exni- 
 dere, Virg. Aen. l, 174: sometimes wiili 
 lapis or sa.xum, af. stone ; esp. in foniial 
 plu'useology . that the feeiales shoicid 
 bring each a f stone, ut fetiales privos 
 lapides silices ferrent, S. C. in Liv. jo, 
 4;, med. Fig.: we irere not made of 
 /., non silice nati sumus, Cic. fuse i, 
 6, 12. Of f, siliceus : Cato : Vitr. 
 Fig.: a man of f. (of great fortitude), 
 vir siliceus, .Sen. Ira j, 8, i. 
 
 flinty : siliceus (of flint) : V. preced. 
 art. 
 
 flippancy .' 'volubiUtas linguae te- 
 meraria, cum levitate conjuncta : v, foil, 
 art. 
 
 flippant: no exact word: perh. tg- 
 meiarius (reckless) : a f. speech, *oratlo 
 temeraria et dignitate carens : af. man, 
 *homo lingua promptior justo : to be f. 
 over so grave a matter, in re tanta lu- 
 dere, Plin. Ep. : v. to trifle. 
 
 flippantly: *temere ac leviter (di- 
 cere). 
 
 flirt (subs.) : no exact word. Ov. 
 has desuitor amoris (a metaphor bor- 
 rowed /)-o?)i circus-riders). Am. j, 15: 
 and Prop, for the other sex, vaga puella, 
 I. 5. 7 (?) Peril. *amator (puella) in- 
 constans et Levis ; qui (quae) parum 
 conslans in amoribus est. 
 
 flirt ("•) ■• nearest word perh. amare : 
 cf. Ter. Ad. x, l, J: cur amat .> cur 
 polat ? u-hy does hef. f why go to drink- 
 ing parties!' more precisely, *paruni 
 consiantem in amore se praebere ; mul- 
 tos (multis) adamare. 
 
 flirtation: "leves inconstantesque 
 amores. 
 
 flit ; volito, I : cm infinite number 
 of at<mis f. about, infinita vis v. ato- 
 morum, Cic. N. I). 1, 20, 54: shades f. 
 about among the living, umbrae v. inter 
 vivos, Lucr. 4, 42 : tof. abind the forum 
 (gai(y), v. in foro, Cic. de Or. i, }8, 17 j : 
 v. to hovkk. Comp. circiuuvoliio, to 
 f. (orfluttei-) round: Virg.. Lucr. 
 flitch : succidia : Varr. : Cic. 
 float (subs.): \. A raft: rates, 
 is,/.; V. raft. II. Of a fishing- 
 
 line ■ 'cortex (piscatorius). 
 
 float (K.)/ A. In trans. : |.to be 
 suspended in fluid: 1. rtulto, I a 
 ship f.ing (drifttiig about) on the sea, 
 navis fluitans in alto, Cic. Sext. 20. 46: 
 in lake Apuscidamus everything f.s, in 
 lacu A. omnia f., Plin. ji, 2, 18: the 
 head of Orpheus f'd down the sad Ileb- 
 
 rui, Orpbei caput tristi fluitavit Hebn)> 
 Ov. ; Liv. 2. naio. I (tont-im: q.v.)- 
 the greased hull fj, n. uncta carina 
 Virg. Of aerial motion, Luc^n, 5, 554 
 3. innato, I (lo f. in or into some- 
 thing: with various constr.). a pond 
 in which nothing will /., stagtmm In 
 quo nihil innatet, Plin. ji, 2, 18 (in Cic 
 innato is to f. or su-im i/ito, fo.l. by In 
 and ace.: N. D. 2. 48. I2J); with ace. 
 (poet.) : tlie alder f.s upon the wave, 
 undam i. ainus, N'lrg. U. 2, 451. 4. 
 inno, I (with dat.): provided 1 ml y they 
 (tlie canoes) would f., dununodo i. aqua« 
 possent. Liv. 21, 26, fin. : Virg. Aen. 8. 
 9; (but in and abl. would be the more 
 usu. prose sequence) 5. Buctuo, 
 
 fluctuor, (strictly, to toss about on the 
 waves: cf. Cic. Verr. 5, )$, 91) some 
 islands are always fing alxjut, quae- 
 dam insulae semper fluctuant, i'lin. 2, 
 95,96: uoo(//..s, lignum fluctuatur, Plin. 
 16, }S, 7J. II, To hang loosely : 1. 
 pendeo, |>£pendi, pensum, 2: thecloudt 
 f. in tlie air, p. nubila, Virg. U. i, 214 : a 
 swan was f.ing in the air, olor pende- 
 bat in aere, Ov. 2. volito, Involito, 
 I : her hair f.s up<m her sftoulders, 
 comae inv. humeri.-, Hor. Od. 4, 10, } : 
 black ashes f. in the cloud, atra lavilla 
 in nimbo v., Virg. : v. to hover. 3. 
 fluo, xi, xum, } : liicks f.ing over the 
 smooth breast, comae per levia col la 
 fluentes, Prop. B. Trans.: to cause 
 to float : P h r. : A« f.s the sliip down 
 the river to Scodra, navem secundo 
 amne Scodram demittit, Liv. 44, ji: 
 the chest was f.'d towards the dark 
 wood, alveus silvis appulsus ojuicis, 
 Ov F. 2, 407 : to f. a i-essel l,y hladdeTS, 
 *utriculis suppositis efficere ut tluitet 
 navis. 
 
 float down ; diifluo, xi, xum, j : tKt 
 ram immersed f.s iloivn the stream, 
 aries mersus secundo d. amni, Virg G. 
 J, 447 : to f. dnun the Tiber to Ostia, 
 Cisiiam Tiber! d., Suet. : v. to floai 
 
 on the surface : si'ipemato, 1 : 
 
 that whicA f s on the top is butter, quod 
 s. butyrum est, I'lin. 28, 9. }?; Col. 
 flock (subs.): I. Of sheep, etc.: 
 
 I. grex, gregis, 711. ; woolly f.s, 
 lanigeri g., Virg. : Cic. : f.s of geese, 
 greges anserum, Varr. ; of birds, g 
 avium, Hor. : Phaedr. Belonging to a 
 /., gregarius. Col. : gregalis. Varr. ; Plin. 
 
 fn f.s, gregatim. Col. : I'lin. 2. P^" 
 cus, 6ris, n. (cattle or f.s in a general 
 sense) : what care is needed for keeping 
 f.s, qui cultus habendo sit pecori, Virg. 
 G. I, 4: f.s of sheep, goats, etc., pecua 
 ovillum, caprinum, Col. i, pref. : v. 
 cattle. 3. oves, iuni,/. : v. sheef. 
 
 II, Of icool: floccus: Varr.: Col.: 
 
 v. LOCK. 
 
 flock ('■•)•■ 1. affluo. xl. xum, j 
 (to rush to, in large numbers) : troops 
 ivei e f.ing to them as Jasl as they could, 
 ut quaeque potuerant. copiae affluebaut, 
 Liv. J9, 51 : / find that a hii<ie number 
 have f.'d to me, ingeiitem affluxisse In- 
 venio numerum, Virg. .Vcn. 2, 796 
 the auxiliary forces of the h'auls f.ittg 
 to him. afHuentibus au.xiliis <iallorum. 
 Tac. H. 4. 25. 2. confluo, ? (tof. to- 
 gether) : a great number of deserters f.'d 
 to him every day, perfuganim magnas 
 ad eum confluebat numerus, Caes. B. G. 
 7, 44; many f.'d both to Atltrtis and 
 into this city, mulli coiiflu.xerunt et 
 Athenas et in banc nrbeni, Cic. 3. c<JD- 
 curro. curri, cursuin, j ('of. together; 
 esp. hastily): agreat number of ymithsf. 
 to the Druids for the sake of instruction, 
 ad Druides magnus adolescentium nu- 
 merus disciplinae causa concurrit, Caes. 
 B. G. 6, 1} ; great forces were fing to 
 him, ad eum magnae copiae concurre- 
 bant, Sail. Cat. ?6, fin. 4. convolo, 
 I (to /. hastily toii'ther) : the fieople f. 
 together ; they are riotous, populus con- 
 volat ; tumviltuantur, Ter. Hec. prol 
 alt. }2- who f.'d tiiiiether from all Italy 
 to recall me, qui cuncta ex Italia ad me 
 revocandum coiivolaverunt, Cic. 6. 
 ciicumfluo. xi, xum, j (to f. round): 
 I sucti a multitude of stags f.'d round Uf, 
 
 JOT
 
 FLOG 
 
 FLOURISH 
 
 FLOW DOWN 
 
 taata circumfluxit nos multitude cer- 
 vorum, Varr. R. R. j, ij. 6. circum- 
 fundor, fusus, j (poet.) : to f. round 
 from every side, Virg. Aen. 2, 64. 
 
 flog: 1, verbgro, 1 : v. to beat 
 (A. 4.). Join: pulsare atque verbe- 
 rare, Cic. Verr. 5, 54, 141. 2. ('" 
 pass.) vapiilo, i (to be beaten) : v. to 
 BEAT (A, 6.). 3. expr. by verbgra, 
 virga, plaga: / mil f. you to death, 
 verberibus (te) caesum dedam usque ad 
 necem, Ter. And. i, 2, 28 : to f a man 
 to death, aliquem virgis ad necem cae- 
 dere, Cic. Verr. }, 28, 69 ; aliquem ver- 
 beribus necare, Cic. in Pis. J J, 84 ; 
 (pueros) ad necem verberibus accipere, 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, 14, J4. 
 
 flogging (s^ubs.) : 1. verbgratio : 
 to give any one a marvellous f. (fig.), 
 alicui miriHcam v, dare, Cic. Fam. 16, 
 27, init.: Dig. 2. verbera, uni, n. 
 {stripes, blows) : you deserve a good /., 
 dignus es multis v. : PI. : Cic. : v. beat- 
 ing (II.). Fwid of /., plagosus (of the 
 schoolmaster Orbillus) : Hor. Ep. 2, 
 I, 70. 
 
 &00d{subs.): I, An inundation: 
 diluvium, diluvies: v. deluge. ||, 
 A stream, a large body of water : chiefly 
 a poet, usage : flumen, aequor, etc. : 
 give the fidl rein to all your f.s, flumi- 
 nibus vestris tolas immlttite habenas, 
 Ov. Met. I, 280 : uhelvied 'math the 
 bitter f. (of fate), flumine mersit acerbo, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 429 : the chief part are 
 swept away by the /., maxima pars unda 
 rapitur, Ov. Met. i. jii: v. rhtie, 
 SEA, WATER. |||, A copious Outpour- 
 ing ; as of tears, words : 1, flumen, 
 inis, n. .- and he moistens his face vyith 
 a copious f. of tears, largoque humectat 
 fl. vultum, Virg. Aen. 1, 46;; a f. of 
 pitch sent doum from the sky. picis e 
 coelo demissum fl.,Lucr. 6, 255 : breath- 
 ing forth the warmf. of blood from his 
 breast, sanguinis exspirans calidum de 
 pectore fl., Lucr. 2, 354. Fig.; to pour 
 forth a golden f. of eloquence, fl. ora- 
 tiouis aureum fundere, Cic. Acad. 2, j8, 
 119: af. of words, fl. verburum, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 45, 188 fuch a f. of genius, 
 tantum ingenii fl., Cic. Mar. 2, 4. 2. 
 unda (poet.) : the house vomits forth a 
 f. of callers, salutantum vomit undam 
 "domus, Virg. G. 2, 462 : the dense f.s of 
 the Boil, spissae undae Boiorum, Sil. 
 Phr. : to entreat vnthf.s of tears, mul- 
 tis cum lacrimis obsecrare, Caes. B. G. 
 1, 20 : to shed f.s of tears, lacrimas pro- 
 fundere, effundere, Cic. (v. tears). 
 
 flood-gates: 1, cataracta, catar- 
 rhacta, ae, /., and -es, -ae, m. (only in 
 pi.) : to control the course of water by f.s, 
 cataractis aquae cursum temperare, Plin. 
 Ep. 10, 72 (69), 4. 2. piscina (strictly, 
 the reservoir formed by the barrier or 
 f.s) : to accumtdate the water of a river 
 byfs and let it off again, (flumen) con- 
 rivare atque Qrursus] emittere, Plin. j, 
 
 5, 9, init. Phr.: to open all the f.s of 
 passion, irarum omnes effundere ha- 
 benas, Virg. Aen. 1 2, 499. 
 
 flooding (subs.) : Med. t. t. : fluxio : 
 to stop f.ing of the womb, fluxiones vul- 
 vae sistere, Plin. 
 
 flook, fluke: the fang of an anchor: 
 dens, dentis, m. : then with tenacious f. 
 the anchor made fast the vessels, turn d. 
 tenaci ancora fundabat naves, Virg. Aen. 
 
 6, i : comp. id. Aen. 1, 169: unco non 
 alligat ancora morsu. 
 
 floor (subs.): 1. solum (ground- 
 floor) ; gilded roofs in country houses 
 and marble f.s, aurata tecta in villis, et 
 sola marmorea, Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49. 2. 
 pavimentum (the rooms of a Roman 
 house being chiefly on the ground-floor, 
 which was of marble or stone) : v. 
 PAVEMENT. 3. contignatio (not ap- 
 plicable to the ground-f): to ascend to 
 the third /., in tertiam cent, ascendere, 
 Liv. 21, 62 : V. STOREY. (N.B.— This and 
 the foil, word may be used of any 
 framework of beams or planks.) 4. 
 contabulatio : Caes. B. C. 2, 9 : Vitr. 
 5. coaxatio, coassatio (a builder's 
 term)': thef reijuires to have two plank- 
 ings, in cross directions, necessarium 
 J08 
 
 binas per diversnm coaxationes sub- 
 stemi, Plin. 16, 25, 62. 
 
 floor ("• ^''O •■ I. To furnish with 
 a floor. 1. pavimentum facio. strno 
 (only of the ground-f.) : Cato R. R. 18 : 
 simly, solum (e. g. marmoreum) facere, 
 Cic. Par. 6, }, 48. 2. contabulo, I (to 
 cover with planks in any way) : Caes. : 
 Plin. II. To level with Vie ground; 
 sterno. stravi, tum, j : v. to level, 
 
 PROSTKATE. 
 
 flooring (suhs.) .- v. floor. 
 
 flora ; sclent. 1. 1. : herbae, plantae, 
 flores : V. PLANT, flower. 
 
 floral : floreus : /. wreaths, f. coro- 
 nae, PI. : v. floweri*. 
 
 florid : I. Lit.: of ruddy hue : 
 1. rubicundus; PI.: Ov. : v. ruddy. 
 Somewhat /., subrubicundus. Sen. 2- 
 coloraius (of healthy complexion): CeU. 
 (But in Tac. Agr. ii,colorati vultus is 
 swarthy, tanned complexions.) 3. sub- 
 rufus (somewhat ruddy) : (a man) with 
 f. complexion, curly hair, s. crispus, PI. 
 II. Fig.: of style: floridus: more 
 f. than Hyperides, floridior quam Hy- 
 perides, Cic. Br. 82, 285 : /. style, f. ora- 
 tio, yuint. 
 
 florist : *qui florum peritus est. 
 
 flotilla : classicula (a small fleet) : 
 Cic. : or classis: v. fleet. 
 
 flounce (subs.) : 1, Instita : the 
 f. sewed to the bottom of the dress, sub- 
 suta instita vesti, Hor. .S. i, 2. 29. 2, 
 (in pi.) segmenta, oruni (these were 
 sometimes of gold or gilded) : the senate 
 allowed women to wear a purple dress 
 and golden (gilt) /.s, senaius permisit 
 feminis purpurea veste et aureis uti s., 
 Val. Max. 5, 2, i : Ov. : Juv. 
 
 flounce <^'- intr.) : to Tnove violently 
 about, esp. in water : vdliito, volutor, 
 I : V. TO flounder. 
 
 flounced (a^j-): segmentatus, Juv. 
 6, 89 (where it is used of a cradle 
 trimmed nith flounces). 
 
 flounder ("• intr.) : v61uto, I (with 
 proa, refl.), v61utor, i : the swine de- 
 lights inf.ingin amiry Jafce,susgaudet 
 coenoso lacu volutari, Col. 7, 10, med. : 
 
 Cic. : V. TO WALLOW. 
 
 flour : 1. farina : cwn being 
 
 ground, the name of f icas given it, 
 farre molito, farinae nomen est factum, 
 PUn. : barley, wheat, oat, /., f. horde- 
 acea, triticea, avenacea (hordei, tritici, 
 avenae), Plin. 2. cibarlum (coarse f.) : 
 comrtwn bread f, which they call seconds. 
 c, quod secundarium vocant, Plin. 18, 
 9, 20. Bread of such /., cibarius panis, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, J4, 97. 3. pollen, 
 
 inis, m. ; and poUis, Inis, c. (fine f.) : 
 African wheat should yield five pints 
 of fine f. to the peck, ex Africo justum 
 est e modlis redire poUinis sextarios 
 qulnque, Plin. (the fine f. of siligo, a 
 kind of choice, white wheat, was called 
 flos, Plin. 18, 9, 20) : fine f. of pepper, 
 p. piperis. Cels. 
 
 flourish ("•)•• I. To be prosper- 
 ! ous : 1. floreo, ui, 2 : in Greece mu- 
 sicians f.'d, in Graecia musici florae- 
 runt, Cic. Tusc. i, 2, 4 : Magna Graecia 
 was at that time f.ing. Magna Graecia 
 tunc florebat, Cic. Am. 4, ij : painting 
 f.'d about the time of Philip, circa 
 Philippum floruit pictura, Quint. 1 2, 10, 
 6. 2. floresco, j (to begin to /., to f. 
 more and more): this your justice and 
 clemency shall f. more and more every 
 day, haec tua Justitia et lenitas animi 
 florescet quotidie magis, Cic. Mar. 4, 12 : 
 as he (Hartensius) begat'i to /., Crassus 
 died, hoc florescente, Crassus mortuus 
 est, Cic. Br. 88, extr. 3. niteo, ui, 2 
 (to shiTie ; be in good condition) : the 
 f.ing grass, nitens herba, Ov. : Plin. : 
 let the revenue f. during peace, vectigal 
 in pace niteat, Cic. Rull. 7, 21 : Hor. 
 4. vigeo, ui, 2 (to thrive, be vigor- 
 ous and active) : I am f.ing in mitul ; 
 in estate impoverished, nos animo v., re 
 familiari comminuti sumus, Cic. Att. 4, 
 J, fin. : Sparta was renowned, great 
 Mycenae f.'d, clara fuit Sparte, magnae 
 viguere Mycenae, Ov. : audacitfi. cor)-up- 
 tion, avarice, f.'d, audacia, largitio, ava- 
 ritia, vigebant, Sail. Cat. i, fin, 5. 
 
 vireo, ui, 2 (late ; and chiefly poet.) : this 
 is the second age of the Roman people, 
 in which it f.'d most of all, haec est se- 
 cunda aetas P. R., qua maxime viruit. 
 Flor. I, 22: the serpent f.s in his new 
 skin, squama v. recenti serpens, Ov. 
 Met. 9, 266. Hence to /. again, revi- 
 resco, i : the house of Germanicus f.'d 
 again, domus Germanici revirescebat, 
 Tac. Ann. 4, 12: Curt. ||. To make 
 a display: osiento, jacto, l : the man 
 ivho is bragging and f.ing in this mag- 
 nificent way, hie qui se jactat magnifice 
 atque ostentat, Auct. Her. 21, 29: v. 
 
 TO BOAST, FLAXJNT, SHOW OFF. |||, 
 
 As chron. t. t. : floreo, 2 (without clas- 
 sical au thority in this sense ■ of. supr. 
 1.). But vivo (to live) should be pre- 
 ferred in actual composition : Ae f.'d in 
 the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius, 
 vixil sub Augusto et Tiberio, ForcelL 
 IV. Trans.: to move rapidly 
 
 about : Vibro, I : v. TO BRANDISH. V. 
 
 To blow a trumpet : cino, j : v. to blow 
 (II.), sound. 
 
 flourish, (subs.) : esp. pi., of shovry 
 ornament m style: calamistri, orum 
 (lit. curling-irons) : every showy decora- 
 tion shall be done away, not a f. shall 
 be allowed, removebitur omnis insignis 
 ornatus; ne calamistri quidem adhibe- 
 buntur, Cic. Or. 2J, 78 (comp. Dial, de 
 Orat. 26) : you know my fine f.s, nosti 
 illas Kr\KvSov^ (= ampullas), Cia Att 
 I, 14. 
 
 flourishing (adj.) : florens : af. and, 
 illustrious yot-th, fl. et illustris adoles- 
 cens, Caes. : an extensive and f. state, 
 civitas ampla atque fl., Caes. : v. pros- 
 perous. 
 
 flout: derideo, contumeliis aflScio 
 
 V. TO MOCK, INSULT. 
 
 flow: I. Offluidsgenerally: 1. 
 fluo, xi, xum, J : the Rhone f.s between 
 the te)~ritories of the Helvetii and Alio- 
 broges, Helveliorum inter fines et Alio* 
 brogura Rhodanus fl., Caes. : the blood 
 of Remus f.'d upon the ground, fluxit 
 in terram Remi cruor, Hor. : to /. » ith 
 blood (of a river), sanguine fl., Cic. IHv. 
 I, 4 J, 98: also of odours and other 
 enumations, Lucr. : Cic. . v. to ema- 
 nate. Fig.: the speech of Calidiusf'd 
 freely, Calidii oratio libere fiuebat, Cic. 
 Br. 19, 274 : Herodotus f.s like a gentle 
 river, H. quasi sedatus amnis f., Cic. Or. 
 12, 59: from that principle the tvhoU 
 themy of good and evil must /., ab isto 
 capite f. necesse est omnem rationem 
 bonorum et malorum, Cic. Kin. 2, 11, 
 34. 2. mano, i (to f. drop by drop; 
 to ooze, trickle: q. v.): sweat f.s from 
 our entire body, m. nobis toto de cor- 
 pore sudor, Lucr. 6, 945 : more copious 
 streams jvill f. from the squeezed teats, 
 laeta magis pressis manabunt fiumina 
 mammis, Virg. G. j, Jio. 3. liquor, 
 J (in the manner of fluids formed by 
 melting: v. to melt): /row the tree f. 
 drops of dark gore, huic (arbori) atro 1. 
 sanguine gutlae, Virg. Aen. ?, 28: sweat 
 f.s from the whole body, toto corpora 
 sudor 1., Lucr. : v. to trickle. _ ||. 
 Of the tide, opp. to ebb: afiauo, accede, 
 Plin. : V. tide. 
 
 apart, asunder: diffluo, j: 
 
 the Rhine f.s into several different chan- 
 nels, Rhenus in plures d. partes, Caes. 
 
 back : refluo, ? : the river f.s 
 
 back, V. amnis, Virg. : Ov. 
 
 between: interfluo, ?: the 
 
 strait which f.s between Aaupactus and 
 Patrae. fretum quod Naupactum et 
 Patras int., Liv. : Plin. 
 
 by, near, or past : 1. prae- 
 
 fluo: the Tiber f.s past at the bottom of 
 the valley, infima valle pr. Tiberis, Liv. 
 I, 4;, /In. : the Aufidus ivhich f.s past 
 the realms of Apulian Daunus, Aufidus 
 qui regna Dauni pr. Appuli, Hor. Od 4, 
 14, 26. 2. praeterfluo, j : a river 
 f.ing past the n alls, amnis praeterflueus 
 moenia, Liv. 41, 11. 3, praeierlabor, 
 psus, J (to glide gently by): delightsome 
 voods and rivers f.ing by. ani<ienitas 
 silvarum et praeterlabentia flumiua. 
 Quint. 10, }, 24. 
 
 down 1. defiuo: themoit-
 
 FLOW FORTH 
 
 F r. U f " T U A T F, 
 
 FLUTE 
 
 ture /.s doum from the rocks, d. saxis 
 humor, Hor. : the dress f:d down to her 
 very feet, pedes vestis defluxlt ad iraos, 
 Virg. Sometimes = to have done Jlow- 
 ing : the clown waits for the stream to 
 f, dmvn, rusticus exspectat dum dtfluat 
 amnis, Hor. Ep. i, 2, 42. 2. decurro. 
 ri, sum, ? (^quickly) : a river f.ing rapidly 
 doxvnfram a mountain, monte decurrens 
 amnis, Hor. Od. 4, 2, 5. 
 
 flow forth, or out : 1. effluo, i: 
 it, i. e. the v-ind, causes the rains to J. 
 forth, facit ef. imbres, Lucr. : his lifefj 
 fcrrth urith his blood, viui una cum san- 
 guine ef., Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 59- 2. 
 prdfluo, 3 (to f. forth to view): the Meuse 
 f.s out of Ml. Vosegus, Mosa pr. ex monte 
 Vosego, Caes. B. G. 4. 10: to f. from the 
 mouth (of words), ore prof., Auct. Her. 
 
 4. }i. 44- . ^ 
 
 into : influo, ; : the ffypann/.S 
 
 into the Jiuxine, Hypanis in Poiitum 
 Inf., Cic. Tusc. i, ?9, 94: witli adv. of 
 place: not far from the sea into which 
 the Rhine f.s, non longe a niari quo 
 Rhenus inf., Caes. B. G. 4, I. Fig.: the 
 injkniring and outflowing divine mind, 
 influens atque effluens dlvinus animus, 
 Cia Tim. i j. 
 
 over: superfluo, }-. v. to over- 
 flow. 
 
 round : 1. circumfluo, j 
 
 (more freq. in fig. sense : v. TO flock 
 BODND); the uater of the sea f.s round 
 both sides, utnimque latus c. aequoris 
 unda. Ov. Met. IJ, Tjq: Plin.: foam 
 fjs round his javs, spuma c. rictus, Ov. 
 2. circumlundor, fusus, } (with 
 dot. : poet.) : the Tigris f.s round the 
 city, Tigris c- urbi, Plin. : v. to sur- 
 
 BO0KD. 
 
 through ; 1. perflno, J : to 
 
 f. through a strainer (of wine), per 
 colum p., Lucr. 2, 392 : to f. through 
 into the sea (of a river), in mare p., 
 Plin. j6, 76, 65. 2. pemiano. 1 {to 
 ooze through): the juice by vhich ve are 
 nourished f.s through to the liver, is 
 Bucus quo alimur p. ad Jecur, Cic. N. D. 
 
 2> 55. 'J7 - '^'- J'O PENETRATE. 
 
 together : confluo, j : to f. to- 
 gether into one (of rivers), in unum c, 
 Cic. I^g. 2, i, 6. See also to flock 
 
 TOGETHER. 
 
 to, toward : affluo, ? (rare in 
 
 lit. sense : v. to flock to) : Tac. 
 under, or beneath: 1. sub- 
 
 terfluo, J : a river f.ing from a lake 
 under mountains, amnis ex lacu sub 
 montes sublerfluens, Vitr. 8, 2. 6 : o 
 rapid torrent f.ing beneath (the bridge), 
 torrenU' rapido subterfluente, Plin. 2, 
 subteiialjor, lapsus, j (gently ; with 
 gliding motion): riras f.ing beneath 
 tlie iialls of cities, sublerlabentia flu- 
 mina mmos, Virg. G. 2, 157. 
 
 flow (»«('«•) •• I. '''he act of flow- 
 ing : 1. fluxio :/. of iiaters (deluges), 
 f. aquaruni. Cic. Div. i, 40, iii. Oltener 
 in med. sense /. of blood from the nos- 
 trils, sanguinis f. e narlbus, I'lln. : v. 
 FLTJX. 2. fliixus, us, m. (rare) : tidnd 
 is understood to be nothing else than a 
 /. of air, ventus non aliud intelligilur 
 quam fluxus(flucius, ed. Jan.) aiirls, PlliL 
 2, 4}, 44. 3. lapsus, us, m. (a gliding 
 motion) : to stai/ the rapid f. of rivers, 
 rapidos fluniiniim morari 1., Hor. Od. 1, 
 12, 10. II, A stream; esp. fig., fiii- 
 men : v. flood (111.). Phr. : ready f. 
 of wonls, verborum copia ; linguae mo- 
 bilitas, volubilitas, Cic. (v. flufjjot) : 
 it checks thef. of speech, cursum dicendi 
 refraenat, Quint. 8, pref. ^ 27. |||, 
 Of the title: accessus, us, m. : opp. to 
 recessus, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 34. Or expr. 
 by vei-b: the f. and ebb of the tide are 
 particularly u-onderful, aestus maris 
 accedere et reciprocare maxime mirum, 
 Plin. 2, 97, 99. init. |V. Course : 
 
 Phr.: wfiose life goes on with even f., 
 quibus sccundo cursu vita prooedit. Sen. 
 Ep. III. j: V. coritSE. 
 
 flower (subs.): I. Lit., a blos- 
 som : 1. flos, floris, m. : sweet smell- 
 ing f.s, suaves f., Lucr. : fresh f.s, re- 
 centes f., Hor. : to gather f.s, flores 
 legere. Ov. Fast. 4, 437 ; f. carpere, ib. 
 
 44? (v. TO PICCK, GATHER). 2. AOS- 
 
 culus (strictly dimi'n. of preced. : more 
 common in sense II.): then fa-le like 
 f.s, tanquam fioscull decldunt. Cic. Off. 
 I, 12, 45. Further dimin., floscellus, 
 Apul. Herb. Abounding inf.s, nmde of 
 f.s, florcus. floridus : v. flowkkv. ||. 
 F i g., the heM ofanij thing : 1. flos : the 
 f. of the nobility and Vie youth, f. noblli- 
 latis ac juventuiis, Cic. Phil. 2. 15, 37 : 
 Liv. 2. robur, 6ris, n. (the main 
 strength : esp. of troops) : the f. of the 
 troops has perished, quod full roboris 
 interiit, Caes. B. C. 3. 88. Join: quod 
 florls, quod roboris (fuerat), Liv. 37, 
 12; in flore vel robore, Cic. Or. 10, 34. 
 
 III, Also fig., an embellishment ; 
 esp. in speech : 1. flos (in pi.) : f.s of 
 language and sentiment, flores verborum 
 et sententiarum, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 96. 
 
 2. flosculus (in;)J.) ; to cull f.s from 
 every quarter, f. undique carpere, Cic. 
 Sext. 56, 119: to be chai-med by the f.s 
 of a novel luxuriance (in style), recentis 
 hujus luxiiriae flosculis capi, Quint. 
 
 IV. Bloom, prime of age : flos : 
 Lucr. : Cic. (f. aetatis is specially used 
 of personal charms, cf. Liv. 21, 2): v. 
 PRIME (subs.). 
 
 flower (''•) •■ flOreo, 2 : v. to bloom. 
 flower-bed : area ■ v. bed (III.). 
 floweret: flosculus, floscellus: v. 
 FLdWt.R (L). 
 
 flower-garden : 1. horius (gar- 
 den in general) : v. GARDEN. 2. 
 viridiirium (a pleasure garden with 
 grounds): Cic Att. 2, 3; Plin. 3. 
 floralia, ium, n. (onlj' in pi.) : orchards 
 and f.s, as they are called, lo<a quae 
 poniarla et f. appellantur, Varr. 11. K. i, 
 23, med. 
 
 flower-stalk : calamus (e. g., lu- 
 pin!): Virg. 
 
 flowery; \. Liu, made of flou-ers, 
 abounding in flowers: \, floreus: 
 /. fields, f. arva, Virg. : /. xmeaths, f. 
 serta, Tib. 2. floridus : /. Hybla, 1'. 
 Hybla, Ov. : /. meads, f. prata, Lucr. 
 Phr.: /. grass, [innumeris] distiuctae 
 floribus herbae, Ov. Met. 5, 266. ||, 
 F i g., of style : floridus : v. florid (U.). 
 Phr.: a f. style, 'oratio onuiibus ver- 
 borum ac senttntiarum floribus abun- 
 dans: v. flower (111.). 
 
 flowing (culj.) •■ I. I'i t- of fluids : 
 
 1, fluens, tis : /. water, f. aqua, Ov. : 
 V. to flow. 2. fluidus ; /. gore, t. 
 cruor, Ov. : v. fluid. 3. (in com- 
 pounds) refluus (/. back), Ov. : Plin. : 
 praefluus (./. 6^ or past), I'lin. : defluus 
 (/. down), Stat. : iufluus (J', in), Paul. 
 Nol. : superfluus (/. over), Plin. : cir- 
 cumfluus (/. round), Ov. : Plin. ||. 
 By anal., of drapery, etc., loose, float- 
 '■119 •■ 1. fluens : f. tunics, tunicae f., 
 Ov. A. A. 3, {OI : Tac. 2. fluxus: 
 /. locks, f. crinis, Tac. Ann. 11, 31 : /■ 
 drapery, f. amiclus, Lucau. 3. fusus: 
 a f. mantle, f. palla, Tib. : /. Ixks, f. 
 crines, Virg. Aen. 10, 137. |||, Fig., 
 of style ; moving freely : 1, fluens : 
 a sustained, f. style, tracta et f. oratio, 
 Cic. Or. 20, 66: matter written inf. ele- 
 giacs, materia f. elegis scripta, Plin. Ep. 
 5. 17. 2. 2. fusus: af and sustained 
 style, running on with a kijid (f uniform 
 smoothness, genus oratloiiis f. altjue 
 tractum, et cum lenltate quadani aequa- 
 bili profluens, Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 64: 
 Aeschines is fuller thaji Demosthenes, 
 and more /., plenior Demostbene Aes- 
 chines, et magis f.. Quint. 10, i, 77: 
 Herodotus is agreeable. ./'., transparent, 
 dulcis et f. et candidus Herodotus, 
 (^uiit. to, I, 73. 
 
 fluctuate : •• e. to inove now this 
 way now that ; to vary : 1, jacto. 1 
 (pass., or with refl. pron.): opinions 
 JluctuaJing, opinionibus se jacUmtibus, 
 Cic. Tusc 4, 10, 24: at those times 
 money f.d so much that no one could 
 tell what he possessed, JacUibatur illis 
 temporlbus numus sic ul nemo posset 
 scire quid haboret, Cic Off. j, 20, 80. 
 
 2. nito, I to f. (" be at sea ") 
 more than .\eptune himself, magis n. 
 quam ipse Neptunus, Cic. N O. 3. 24, 
 62 : a change of will indicates that the 
 
 miva f.s, siutatio voluntatis indicat 
 animum n.. Sen. Ep. 35, fm. : v. to 
 CIIANOK (intr.). 
 
 fluctuation: mQtatIO: V. CKAKG^ 
 \ icissitlde. Or expr. by verb: v. to 
 fluctdate. 
 
 flue: peril, ctinlctllus (fomacig): cf. 
 
 Plin. 9, 38. 62 : V. CHLMNET. 
 
 fluency: 1. vOlubllilas; meref., 
 verlxirum v. inanis, Cic. de Or. I, 5, 17 
 Quint. 2. mobilltas linguae: Cic. do 
 Or. I. 28, 1 27. 3. cf ICritas verborum 
 Cic. de Or. i, 28, 127; c. orationis, Cic. 
 Or. 16, 55. 4. copia verborum (in 
 gi,od sense) : abundance (f matter brgett 
 abundance of words, 1. e.,/., rerum copia 
 veiborum copiam gignlt, Cic. <le Or. 3, 
 M, 12; : V. FLOWING (Ul.) and klhent. 
 
 fluent : 1. copiosus (jnU of mat- 
 trr and expression alike: v. fluekct, 
 4) : the f. man is said to have spoken 
 some hours, locutus esse dlcltiir homo c. 
 aliquoi horas, Cic. de Or. j, 18,75: v. 
 EijoyLENT. 2. vSlubllls (mei e/;/ /.) : 
 a musical-voiced, f. speaker, cannrui 
 orator et v., Cic. Br. 27, 105 : comp. Cic. 
 Fl 20, 48, quum se homo vuliibilis 
 quadam praeclpiti celeritate dicendi jac- 
 tarel. 3. sOlutus (free and ready of 
 speech) : the most f. of speakers, sululis- 
 sinius in dicendo omnium oratorum.Clc. 
 Br. 48, 180. Join: solutus et expe- 
 ditus ad dicendnm,Cic. 4. profluens, 
 ntis (to excess) : f. and iiever-ending 
 loquacity, p. et perennis loquacitas, Cic 
 de Or. 3, 48, 185. 
 
 fluently: v61iibnUer, 85lut€: Qc 
 (for syn. v. flle>"t). 
 
 fluid (adj.) : 1. fluidus : what is 
 so contrary as earthy to f., quid lam 
 contrariuni quam terrennm fluido? CoL: 
 /. bodies, fluiiiu quae corpore constant, 
 Lucr. 2. fluxus (rare): f. juices, f. 
 succi, Plin. 9, 38, 62. 3. llquidus: 
 
 v. LIQCLD. 
 
 fluid (subs.) : I, In strict scientific 
 sense ; expr. by fluidus : " ater ajid air 
 are f.s, *flulda sunt aqua et acr; fluido 
 corpore constant, praedita sunt: v. supr. 
 (I.). II. In general sense : 1. hu- 
 mor (any kind of moisture) : the start 
 are fed by fs from the earth and sea, 
 stellae terrenis marinisque h. aluntur, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 43 : miUcy f. (i. e. 
 milk), lacteus h., Ov.: the Massic J. of 
 h'acchus (i. e. wine), JIassicus h. Bacchi, 
 Hor. 2. liquor: v. LigciD. 3. 
 latex, icis, 7H.(poet.): lam transformed 
 into a /., in latices mutor, Ov. Met. 5. 
 636 : the f. of the vine-begotten liquor. 
 liquoris vitigeni latex, Lucr. 5, 14 : tJie 
 Falladian /., I. e., olive-oil, Palladil la- 
 tices, Ov. ilet. 8, 275. 
 
 fluidity, fluidness: 1. Hquor: 
 
 as weight in stvnts, heat in flre, J. in 
 water, pondus uti s;\xls, calor Ignibus, 
 hquor aquai, Lucr. i. 45 J ; Cic. N. D. 
 2, 10, 26. 2. *fluld» Datura : v. 
 
 FLUID (subs.). Phr.: "fire keeps all 
 things in a state of f." (Paley), •ignis 
 omnia fluida servat 
 
 fluke (of an anchor) : dens, nils, m. > 
 Virg. 
 
 flurry (siibs. and v.) : v. huebt, ex- 
 citement. 
 
 flush ("• intr.) : rilbesco, j : v. TO 
 BLU»H, UKDDEN. Phr.: f.'d u-Hh tuc- 
 cess, secuuda fortuna, viclorlls elatus: 
 V. ELATED. See also taiB0LI>t2>fU). 
 
 flush (subs.): i.e. a sudden acceu: 
 impetus, is: v. fit, impulsi-:. 
 
 flush (<i<y-)- I. >Vrs/., /ourvsA- 
 
 ing : vfgfitus, flSrens: v. fioi^isminu. 
 
 ||. CoUoq. for well-off . abounding : 
 
 Phr.: tobef.u-ith nio/i'-y, 'satis mag- 
 
 nani pecuniam in proiuptu habere. 
 
 fluster >.subs. and v.): v. hcrrt. 
 
 Bl>TLE. 
 
 flute (S"b-'.) ; I. The musical m- 
 strumcnt: 1. Ubia: the shrtU /., 
 acris t., Hor. : the plaintii'e /., querula 
 t.. Hor. : Cic. The tibia was originally a 
 small, shrill instrument, with one tul)e 
 (tenuis slmple.\qui), Hor. A. P 202: 
 afterwards i*. was made larger and 
 double. Hence the plur. is fri'quent, 
 referring to tiie tn-o tulxs : to play o» 
 the f., tibii* cancre, Quint, i, 10, 14; 
 J09
 
 FLUTE 
 
 FOAMING 
 
 FOLD 
 
 caiitare tibiis, JVep. Epam. 2. A /.- 
 maker, tibiarius, Inscr. in Forcell. : /.- 
 player (masc). tlblcen, inis, m.: PI.: 
 Cic. : fern, tibiclna, PI. : Ter. 2. 
 arundo, inis, /. {made of oat or reed) : 
 Ov. : V. REED, PIPE. II. In architec- 
 ture ; an indented channel : stria, Vltr. 
 4. }. 9- 
 
 nute ("•) : to channel (q. v.) : strio, 
 I; Vitr. 4, j, 9: Plin. 
 
 fluted (.idj.) : striatus : /. shells, s. 
 conchae, Plin. • Vitr. 
 
 fluting (subs.) : architect. 1. 1. : stri- 
 attira, Vitr. 4, j, 9. 
 
 flutist : tibicf n, inis, m. : v. fltjte. 
 flutter (i'.) : |. Intr.: 1. v61ito, 
 I : biids /., aves v., Cic. : the bird f.s 
 near the ground, avis propter bunuim 
 v., Ov. Met. 8, 258 : to J. to and fro 
 through the air (of the Lucretian films), 
 V. ultro citroque per auras, Lucr. 4, 36. 
 Hence comps., to f. about over, super- 
 volito, Virg. : to f. round, circumvolito, 
 Virg. 2. plau<io, si, sum, j (so as to 
 malce a flapping iioise) : the partridge 
 f.'d its wings, plausit alis perdix, Ov. 
 'Met. 8, 2j8: V. FLAP. 3. trepido, I 
 (i<n<A alarm) : thus with f.ing ving fly 
 doves from the eagle, sic aquilam peniia 
 fugiunt trepidante colnmbae, Ov. Met. 
 I, 506 ; the f.ing bird tightens its bonds, 
 avis trepidans astringit vincula, Ov. 
 Met. II, •;;. Fig.: my bosom f.s with 
 fresh alarm, tr. pectus recenti metu, 
 Hor. Od. 2, 19, ?. Phr. : f.ing leaves, 
 folia ludentia, Plin. 18, ;5, 86. ||. 
 Trans.: to drive in confusion: fugo, 
 fundo : V. TO ROUT. 
 
 flutter {.subs.) : i. e. o panic, alarm : 
 
 Irgpidatio: v. alarm. Or expr. by verb : 
 
 why in such af., *quid istuc trepidatur? 
 
 fluttering {subs.) . expr. by volito, 
 
 trgpldo : V. TO flutter. 
 
 flux : I. y^ act of flmving : 
 fluxus, iis : V. FLOWING. Phr.: all 
 things are in a state of /., omnia f., 
 Lucr. 2, 68. II. Med. t. t. : 1. 
 ttuxus, fluxio : bloody /., sanguinis 
 fluxus, fiuxio : Plin. 2. profiuvium : 
 Col.: Plin. 
 
 fly (subs.): musca: to drive away f.s, 
 m. abigere, Cic: PI.: a flap for driving 
 away f.s, muscarium. Mart. 14, 6'j 
 (lemm.) : Veg. Vet. 
 
 fly {v.) : I. To move by means of 
 wings : 1, v5lo, i : crows f., corvi f., 
 Lucr. : bees /., apes v., Ov. : clouds /., 
 nubes v., Lucr. Fig.: tiine f.s, aetas v., 
 Cic. ; hora v., Sen. 2. volito, i {to 
 
 f. about) : V. TO FLIT, HOVER. ||. TO 
 
 escape : fiigio, i: v. TO flee. 
 
 — apart, asunder : i- e., to part 
 
 suddenly : 1. dissilio, ui, 4 : flints f. 
 asunder at fire, silex igni (L, Plin. : the 
 sword flew in pieces with the blow, mu- 
 cro ictu dissiluit, Virg. Aen. 12, •;4i. 
 Frequent., dissulto, i : Virg. Aen. 8, 240. 
 2. displodo, si, sum, j {with a re- 
 port) : V. TO BURST. 
 
 at : '• e., to attack : involo, I : / 
 
 can scarcely refrain from f.ing at 
 (your) hair, vix nie conlineo quin in- 
 volem in capillum, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 20: 
 tof. at any one and ivound him, i. [ad] 
 aliquem et sauciare eum, Auct. B. Alex. 
 52, extr. Phr.: let your fist without 
 delay f. at his cheeks, pugiius continuo 
 in mala haereat, Ter. Ad. 2, i, it. 
 
 away : avolo, i : the birds flew 
 
 away as he iras taking the auspices, 
 auspicanti puUos avolasse. Suet. : Cat. 
 Fig.: theyf. away to Rome at a gallop, 
 citatis equis Romam avolant, Li v. i, 57. 
 
 back : revSlo, i -. to f. thn-e and 
 
 back, advolare et eodem r., Varr. R. R. 
 J, 5, ad med. 
 
 — before : praevolo, i (to f. in 
 front of): Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 12;. 
 
 — by, or near : praetervolo, i : 
 with ace. : Cic. : Suet. 
 
 — forth, or out : 1. evQlo, I : 
 Ifotits f.s forth with dripping wings, 
 madidis Notus e. alis, Ov. ; Cic. Fig. : 
 of souls quitting the body, e. atque ex- 
 currere foras, Cic. Div. i, 50, .114. 2. 
 provSlo, I: Plin. Fig.: they suddenly 
 flew forth en masse, subito omnibus 
 copiis provolaverunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 19. 
 
 310 
 
 fly from : fiigio, j : v- to flee. 
 
 — in. or into : invoio, i : foil, by 
 in and occ, Varr. j, 1, init.; by dat.. 
 Col. 8, J, ad fin. Comp. to fly at. 
 
 open . dissilio, 4 . v. TO FLY 
 
 APART. 
 
 — over, or across : 1. trans- 
 
 volo, I : partridges do not f. across the 
 boundaries of Boeotia, perdices non tr. 
 fines Bueotiae, Plin. 10, 29,41. Fig.: 
 to f. across the Alps, Alpes tr., Asin. 
 I'dII. in Cic. Fam. 10. ji, med. 2, 
 sfipervolo. i (to /'. above, quite over) : 
 he (FerseUrS) f.s over the whole globe, 
 toto s. orbe, Ov.: Plin. Kig. : the spear 
 f.s over (him), s. hEista, Virg., Frequent., 
 supervolito, tof. over often, liover over, 
 Virg. E. 6, 81. 
 
 — round : circumvolo, I : an eagle 
 flew round him a number of times, 
 aquila eum saepius circumvolavit. Suet. : 
 Hor. Frequent., circumvolito, to f. 
 round and round, Virg. G. i, 577. 
 
 thrOUgb: pewolo, i : the swallow 
 
 f.s through the liouse, aedes p. hirundo, 
 Virg. Fig.: he flew {through) 56 miles 
 in light carriages, sex et quinquaginta 
 millia passuum cisiis pervolavit, Cic. 
 R. Am. 7, 19. 
 
 — to o"" toward: advolo, i (with 
 ad or in and ace. ; also dat.) : a bird 
 f.ing to (other) birds, avis ad (alias) 
 aves advolans, Cic. : a great number of 
 wood-pigemis f. into the territory of 
 Volatei-rae, in agrum Volaterranum pa- 
 lunibium vis a., Plin. : o butterfly f.ing 
 to the light of lamps, papilio luminibus 
 lucemarum advolans, Plin. Often fig. : 
 he flew to the city with incredible speed, 
 ad urbem incredibili celeritate advolavit, 
 Cic. Sext. 4, II : /. to us, advola ad nos, 
 Cic. Att. 4, 4 (a). 
 
 — under : subtervoio, i : with ace. : 
 Stat. Theb. j, 670. 
 
 UP : subv61o, I : to f. up into 
 
 the heavenly place, sursum in coelestem 
 locum s., Cic. Tusc. i, 17, 40. 
 
 fly-catcher : meiancoryphos, i, »i. : 
 Plin. 
 
 fly-flap: muscarium: Mart. 14, 67, 
 71 (lenun.) : for this purpose a pea- 
 cock's or ox's tail was sometimes used : 
 U. cc. 
 
 flying (oAj) •• 1. volatilis, e : /. 
 creatures, v. bestiae, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 
 151 : the f. boy, i. e., Cupid, v. puer, 
 Ov. 2. volucer, cris, ere : /. crea- 
 
 tures, V. bestiae, Cic. Tusc. 5, ij, j8: 
 /. serpents, v. dracones, Ov. : /. clouds, 
 V. nebulae, Ov. : v. wikged. 3. /• 
 fowl, i. e., birds : volantes, um, /. : 
 Virg. : Lucr. 
 
 fly-leaf: *folium purum in prima 
 vel postreina parte insertura. 
 
 foal {subs.): 1. puUus: the f. of 
 
 noble breed, i. e., of the horse, p. gene- 
 rosi pecoris, Virg. \i. 3, 75 : f.s of wild 
 asses, onagrorum p., Plin. 2. ("f 
 
 the horse only) : equQleus, equulus : v. 
 
 COLT. 
 
 foal (v.): parlo, peperi. partum, } 
 (to produce young in any nay) : a 
 heifer f.'d a horse-colt, bos equuleum 
 peperit, I^iv. if, 31, fin.: also absol. : 
 when a mule f.s (of a "thing impossible), 
 cum inula pepererit. Suet. Gal. 4 : v, to 
 
 BRING FORTH. 
 
 foaling (subs): 1. partus, iis, 
 m. : the f. of a mvle, p. mulae Suet. 
 Gal. 4. 2. felura: Varr.: Virg.: v. 
 
 BREEDING. 
 
 foam (subs.) : spuma : Venus sprung 
 from /., Venus spuma procreata, Cic. : 
 the f. of the sea, s. sails, Ov. : /. of 
 blood, sp. sanguinis, Ov. 
 
 foam (v.) •• 1. spiimo, I : the blue 
 sea f.s, coerult'um sp. sale, Enn. : cups 
 f.ing with milk, pocula spumantia lacte, 
 Virg. : a f.ing wild-boar, spumans aper, 
 Virg. 2. exaestuo, i (to boil and 
 
 seethe): v. to boil (IIL). Phr.; the 
 patient f.s at the mouth, (aegroto) ex 
 ore spumae moventur, Cels. j, 2J, init. 
 foaming, foamy: 1. spumans, 
 ntis (strictly, yielding or emittirnijoam) : 
 he quaffed the f. bowl, sp. hausit pa- 
 teram, Virg. : the f. bit. sp. frena, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 13;. 2. spumeus (corered 
 
 with foam): the f. sea, sp. Kereua, 
 Virg.: a f. torrent, sp. torrens, Ov. 
 
 3. spumosus (=; preced.) : / shores, 
 sp. litora. Cat. : /. waves, sp. undae. Ov. 
 
 4. spumifer, era, erum (poet.) . the 
 f. river, sp. amnis, Ov. 
 
 fob : perh. lociilus (any small com- 
 partment) : v. pocket. 
 
 focal : *focalis, e : as purely scient. 1. 1. 
 
 focus : P- g- i^f o,n ellipse, locus, 
 Cartes. Diopt. 
 
 fodder (subs.) food for cattle : pa- 
 Imlum: to cut /., p. secare, Caes.: tAe 
 sheep crops the f., pabula carpit ovis, 
 Ov. To get f. (milit. term), pabulari, 
 Caes. : Tac. : pertaining tof., Dabularis, 
 e: Col.: Plin. 
 
 fodder (".)•■ pabulum praebeo: v. 
 
 TO FEED. 
 
 foe : hostis, inimlcus : v. enemy. 
 
 fog : 1. callgo, inis,/. (a darkf.) : 
 a moist f. is exhaled from the ground, 
 humida a terra exhalatur c, Plin. 2, 42, 
 
 42 : Col. : (v. DARKNF.SS, 11., 2). 2. 
 
 nebula (a thin, cloud-like mist) : rivers 
 are covered in summer rvith warm, in 
 winter uilh cold f.s, amnes aestate va- 
 poratis, hieme frigidis n. caligant, Uol. 
 
 1, 5, med.: v. Misr. 
 
 foggy : 1. caliginosus : a damp, 
 f. atmosphere, coelum humidum et c, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 19,4?. 2. nebiUosus: 
 Cato : Cic. : V. MI.STY. 
 
 foh: interj. of abhorrence or con- 
 tempt : fi ! PI. Cas. 3, 6, 7 (al. heu). 
 
 foible (subs.) : 1. vitium : to have a 
 keen eye for your friends' f.s, in amico- 
 rum V. acutum cernere, Hor. : v. fault. 
 2. error : virtue would have given 
 the f. an honourable name, isti errori 
 nomen virtus posuisset honestum, Hor. 
 S. I, J, 41 : v. ERKOR. Phr.: " / con- 
 fess my f. with regard to flattery" 
 (Chesterfield), confiteor me, quod ad 
 adulationem pertinet, paulo infirmiorem 
 esse (comp. Hor. Sat. i, 9, 70) : v. weak- 
 ness. 
 
 foil (subs.) : I. A blunt sword for 
 fencing: rudis, is,/. : Cic: Liv. : v. TO 
 FENCE. II. A thin leaf of metal : 1, 
 lamina, and by sync, lamna (Hor. Od. 
 
 2, 2, 2) : to makef. of silver, ex argento 
 laminas ducere, Plin. JJ. 9, 4?: to cut 
 copper into thin f., aes tenuare in 1am- 
 nas, Plin. 34, 8, 20. 2, bractea (eery 
 fine and thin): thin, like the spider's 
 
 web or gold /., tenuis, ut aranea b.que 
 auri, Lucr. 4. 729 : thef. of gold rustled 
 in the genlU wind, leni crepitabat b. 
 vento, Virg. Z^i/iii ?(., bracteola: to take 
 the (gold) f. off the statue of Castor, 
 bracteolam' de Castore ducere, Juv. ij, 
 152. An artificer in gold and silver f., 
 bracteiirius, /. braciearia ; also bracte- 
 ator, Inscrr. in Forcell. : covered withf., 
 bracteatns : e. g. hracteatum lacunar, 
 Sidon. : Sen. |||. A back-ground which 
 sets any thing off to advantage : P h r. 
 Augustus (they'said) luid sought to use 
 ('fiberius) as a f. to his own glory, 
 comparatione deterrima sibi gloriam 
 quaesisse, Tac. Ann. 1, 10; *Tiberium 
 ideo adscitum, ut prae illo, ipse magnus 
 clarusque videretur. 
 foil ("•) •• eludo, si, sum, }: v. to 
 
 BAFFLE. 
 
 foist : to thrust in improperly : 1, 
 infulcio, si, turn, 4: he is for ever f.ing 
 in this word, non desinit omnibus locis 
 hoc verbum inf.. Sen. Ep. 114, 19. 2. 
 suppono, 3 (fraudulently) : v. to 
 FORGE : to /. in false wills, (falsa) tes- 
 tamenta sup., Cic. : v. to forge. 
 
 fold(SMbs.): IForflMks: 1. 
 ovilu, is, n. : to prowl around the f. (of 
 the wolf), explorare Insidias ovilia cir- 
 cum, Virg. G. j, 5?7: Ov. (Not used 
 by the Scriptores Rei Rusticae.) 2. 
 septum or saeptum, usu. pi. (any enclo- 
 sure) ; to return to the f. (at evenin^y, 
 septa repetere. Col. 6, 2? : Virg. 3. 
 conseptum (like septum): CoL 6, 2}. 
 4. stabulum (strictly for large 
 cattle): Virg.. Col.: v. stall. ||. Of 
 a garment : 1. plicatura (strictly 
 
 the act of folding) : f.s of drapery 
 stragulae vestis plicaturae, of. I'lin. ^, 
 51, 52. 2. Binus, lis (of a rouwied.
 
 FOLD 
 
 FOLLOWING 
 
 FOND 
 
 eweUivg form) : making a lap-HKef. of 
 his toga, i. ex toga lacio. l-iv. ji, li.fin. 
 (v. Diet. Am. s. V.) ; Jlmriv/j /.s. s. tlu- 
 entes, Virg. : Cimern introduced wrinh- 
 Hngs and fjs of drapery (in painting), 
 Cimiin in veste nigas et s. invenii, Plin. 
 j;, 8, J4, fin. 3. ruga (a smaller f. ; 
 a Ill-inkling) : f.s (or creases) arranged 
 hi/ design, r. de industria cullocatae, 
 Macr. Sat. 2, 9. ad ivit. : v. sapr. (2). 
 I'hr. : to hang giacefully.in becoming 
 f.s, apte pcii(l<To, Ov. Met. 2, •)}} : full 
 of f.s, multiplex: the inttstiues hare 
 many /.s and convolutiims, alvus est 
 multiplex et tortuosa, Cic. : similarly, 
 v-itk three fj, triplex, etc. (v. three- 
 fold, I'tc). 
 
 fold : as suffix : 1. expr. by comps. 
 in -plex, plicis: v. prcced. art._/iH. 2. 
 (in certain phr.) expr. by oiini. with oiU. 
 num. adj. : the land yitlds an eighl-f, 
 ten.-f. return, ;iger ehiclt cum octavo, 
 cum dccinio, Cic. Verr. j, 47 : Varr. : 
 also with a subs, expressed : the laud 
 yielding a hundred-f. return, cum cen- 
 tesima friige fenus reddente terra, Plin. 
 
 5. 4. J. i 24- 
 fold ("■)•• |. To double up: 1. 
 plicu, avi and ui. atum, i : tof. a sheet 
 of paper, chartam p., Mart. 4, 82. fin. 
 2. coniplico, I : to f. up a letter, 
 epistolam c, Cic. Att. 12, i. 3. re- 
 piico, I : f.i»g back outside the inside 
 of its skin (iif a serpent), replicans ut 
 extra fiat mi-mbranae quod fucrat iiitus, 
 Plin. 8, 27, 41. Phr.: tof. the hands, 
 digitus pectiiiatini inter se plectere, PUn. 
 28, 6, 17 (comp. Ov. Met. 9, 299): less 
 precisely, to sit with f.'d hauds (idle), 
 manibus, quod aiunt, conipressis sedere, 
 Liv. 7, 14, med. : to stretch forth f.'d 
 hands, duplices tendere paliiias, Virg. 
 Aen. 1,94. II. 7V)//«;"sAt»'/):septisin- 
 tliido, si, sura, j : Varr. : v. fold (subs.). 
 folding-doors: vaUae.arum: some- 
 times with adj. bifOres, e : v. ixx)R (4). 
 
 foliage : 1. fro'is. dis, /. (both 
 
 Sing, and pi.): abundant /., f. multa, 
 Varr. : Virg. : Hor. : a path blocked up 
 u-ilh f. and brushuood, via intercUisa 
 frondibus et virgultis, Cic. Coel. 18, init. 
 2. coma (mostly poet.) : the f. of 
 the graces, nemorum c, Hor. O'l. i, 21, 
 5 ■ f. of trees, arboreae c, Ov. : it lioks 
 out upon the grove and f. of the hip- 
 f<i<ir'>ine. hippodri'mi nemus et comas 
 prospectat, Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 19. 3. 
 
 fOlia, orum : v. leaves. 
 
 folio: I'ber ma.ximae formae; liber 
 oblongus : Lach. pref. Lucr. 
 
 folk : h5mines : v. people. 
 
 follicle: 1. follicillus: when the 
 tender blade emerges from the-f.. qiium 
 foUiculo se exserit spira mollis. .Sen. Kp. 
 124, II. 2. vesicula (a small blail- 
 
 der): Cic. Div. 2, 14, JJ. 
 
 follow : 1. sgquor, secutus, } 
 (trans, and intr.) : go you before ; I f, 
 i prae ; sequor, Ter. : to f. a magistrate 
 into his prorince, s. magistratum in pro- 
 vlnciam, Nep. Alt. 6 (v. to attknd) : he 
 f.t his father tcith unequal steps, s. pa- 
 trem mm passlbus aeqnis, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 724. Often of oj'der in time or result : 
 what f.s (= our et cetera), Cic. Or. 49, 
 164: a dilTerevce of opinion f.s from 
 this, discrimen opinlonis s. ex hac re. 
 Liv. 5,6, med.: v. to uK.vi:t.T. Fig.: 
 to f. a road, viam. iter s., Ov. : Cic. : tn 
 f. Nature as a guide. Naliiram duiem 
 s., Cic. Am. 5, 19 to f. ad rice, con- 
 silium s., Cic. Often used impers. (loll. 
 by inf. or \it and subj.), to denote a 
 logical or other conseijuence : if this 
 proposition is not true, it f.s that it is 
 false, si baec eminii.itio vera non est, 
 sequitur ut falsa sit, Cic. Fat. 12, 28: 
 
 fioi- does it f. that there are iiec s. 
 
 esse Cic. I. c. : it f.s that I should 
 
 show, s. ut doceam, Cic. N. D. 2, J2, 
 init. Frerpient., sector, i (to be in the 
 habit ofl.ing: to keep f.ing) : Cic: v. 
 TO ATrisNU UPON. (N.B.— When the 
 Eng. verb is jiass., the sentence may 
 be inverted ; they are usually f.'d by 
 a great multitude, magna nniltitudo eos 
 8. insuevit, Caes.) 2. consfquor, j 
 (often = to attain bt following: q. v.): 
 
 he f.'d me (close) to the door, consecutns 
 est me usque ad lores, PI. C'st. i. 1, 92 : 
 ichen f'rassus had thus spoken. Silence (at 
 once) f.'d, haec quuoi Crassus dlxisset, 
 silentium est consecmuni, Cic. de Or. 
 I, J5, miY. ; blushing f.s (attends) sltame, 
 pudurera nil)or c. Cic. : to f. a custom, 
 morem c, Cic. Frequent., consector, i 
 (to f. up closely, pursixe) : Cic. 3. 
 
 insequor, j (to f. close uprnt, in the 
 rear of): next to him f£ .Salius, prox- 
 imus huic ins. Salius, Virg. Aen. ;. J2I : 
 unless a von el f, nisl vocalis Ins., Cic. 
 Or. 48. 161. Fig.: she f.s with her eye 
 the ft'Ciig bark, in.sequitur fugit-ntem 
 lumuic pinum. Ov. 4. subsequor. j : 
 V. TO FOLLOW ni". P h r. : tof. any one 
 in an office, succdere alicui (v. to suc- 
 ceed) ; they sjxike as f.s. in huuc moduin 
 locuti (sunt). Caes. B. G. 2, }l (v. epfect, 
 III.): thus it f.s that, ita tit ut .... 
 Cic. Tusc. J, 5, 10; ex quo efficiiur, loll, 
 by ut and suly., or ace. and inf., Cic. 
 N. D. }, 12, Jo: Rep. j, il : sometimes 
 it does notf., may be expr. by non . . . . 
 idcirco, non continuo, non proptcrea: it 
 does not f. that because you deferukd 
 Opimius. you icill be Uwked upon as a 
 good citizen, non, si Opimlum delendisti, 
 idcirco te bonum civem putabuni, Clc.de 
 Or. 2, 40, 70: comp. Cic. R. Am. JJ, 94, 
 non continuo, si me in gregem sicari- 
 orum contuli, sicarius sum: to f. any 
 one's advice, instructions, alicujus con- 
 siliis, praeceptis uti, Ov. ; to /. any 
 ime's own judgment or discretion, suo 
 judicio uti. CSc. N. D. I, I, I : / wish I 
 had f.'d your most friendly ailvice, vel- 
 lem a principio te audisse amicissinie 
 monentem, Cic. : to /. the calling of a 
 merchant, banker, .':(ioth.':ayer, mercatu- 
 ram, argentariani, haruspicinam facere, 
 
 Cic. : (v. TO CARRY ON). 
 
 follow on: persequor, cutus, ? (to 
 the end): Ter.: Cic: v. to pursue, 
 persev ere. 
 
 out : 1. exsgquor, ? : to f. 
 
 out any object to the emi, aliquid e.x. 
 usque ad extremum, Cic Rab. Post. 2, 
 
 5: V. to carry out (11.), ACOOJIPMSH 
 
 (!'•)• 2. prosgquor, j: v. to ait end. 
 
 UP : 1. suhsCquor, ciitus, j : he f.s 
 
 her up and treads in her ■very ste)is, s. 
 presseque legit vestigia gressu, Ov. Met. 
 3, 17 : he sent forivard the cavalry, and 
 ordered l.abienus vith the legions tof. 
 up, equitaium praemisit .... Uibienum 
 cum legionibus s. jussit, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 II- 2. persequor, ; (10 the end): to 
 f. a person up, in his very steps, ali- 
 quem ipsius vestigiis p., Cic. : v. to 
 PURSUE. 3. exs6quor, j: v. to fol- 
 low out. 4. insto, stiti, statuni (to 
 pursue an object): knowing that he 
 must f. up his reputation, non ignarus 
 instandum faniae, Tac. Agr. 18 med.: v. 
 TO PRESS (upon). 5. insisto. stiii, sti- 
 tum, 3 (freq. of milit. operations, with 
 dal.): they f.'d up the jmrsuit so vigo- 
 rously, adeo effusis insliterunt, Liv. 26, 
 44, med. 6. urgeo, si, 2 (to pre.^s) : 
 to f. up an opportunity, op|)i)rtuiiilatem 
 [ei facultatenij u., Cic. Fam. 7, 8. 
 
 follower: 1. sectaior (esp. used 
 of f.s of candidates in can cassing) ; the 
 Fabian law respecting the jiMmber of 
 fs. lex Fabia, quae est de numero sec- 
 tatorum, Cic. Mur. J4, 72: more freq. 
 (but late) of adherents of a sect or 
 teacher .- the f.s of Aristotle, s. Aristo- 
 lelis. Gell. . v. disciple (4). 2. as- 
 sectator : an old /., quidam veius a. 
 [ex numero lunicoruni], CMc. Verr. 2, 11, 
 29: also used of attendants on candi- 
 dates, y. Cic. Pet. Cons. 9 ; or of dis- 
 ciples : a f. of wisdom, a. sapientlae, 
 Plin. : a hearer and f. of Protagoras, 
 auditor a.que Protagorae, Gell. 3. 
 expr. by part, of .sequor: v. L. G. { 6?8. 
 P li r. : the f.s of Socrates, I'ythagoias, 
 etc., Socratici, Pythagorei, etc. : also, 
 ill! a Socrate, Pythagora, etc., Cic. Mur. 
 JO, 6 J. 
 
 following (adj.) ; 1. sgquens, in- 
 si-quens : on the f. day, sequent! die, 
 Phn. : tlie meeting of words at the end 
 of a sentence with the first f. ones, ex- 
 tremorum verborum cum insequentibus 
 
 primis concnrsus, Cic. Or. 44, 150. tat 
 f. year, insequens annus, i^iv. 2, 18: ir, 
 the f. nighi, nocte insequinii, Hirt 
 2, s<!cutus, insecQtiis (rare; and 
 only whew following = which followed) . 
 in the mirths whidi f.'d, meiisibu' in- 
 secutis, Plin. 7, 11,9. 3. pr-N 
 (> ext in order, either before or 'i 
 (he said that) he should break nj, /. u 
 emamp/mei't on the f night, (dl.XJt) se 
 p. nocte castra motiirum, Caes. B. G. i. 
 40. fin. : at the beginning of the f. sum- 
 mer, initfi p. aestaie, Oies. .- in the f. 
 three years, p. triennio, Nep. Han. j: v. 
 KEXT. 4. posterns : to put off to Oie 
 f. day, in p. diem difTern-, Cic. Deiol. 1;, 
 21 : in the f. year. p. anno, Cic. : <m the 
 f. day, p. die, Caes. : Cic. Hence, pos- 
 tridie, ajdv. : he called upon me thef. day 
 in the vurming, postridie me mane con- 
 venit, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 27, init. : Caes. : 
 more precisely postridie ejus diei. Caes. 
 IJ. 6. 4, 1 J : postridie is alxj used with 
 acC; as on the day f. the Kalnids, p. 
 Kalendas, Liv. 6, i, extr.: Cic. 5. 
 s&undus (second : rare in this sense) : 
 on the f. day, s. luniine, Enn. ap. Cic. 
 Att. 7, 26. 6. continuus (f. v.-ithout 
 break: only poet.) : on tlie f. day. '..011- 
 tinua di<-, ()v. Fast. 5, 7^4: v. succes- 
 sive. (X.B.— .'sometimes hie may be 
 Used of xvoi ds which folloic : as, he spoke 
 after the f. manner, in himc modum 
 locutus : v. TO follow [Phr.J : but the 
 reference must be obvious, as Aic may 
 also mean the above-mentioned.) 
 
 folly : 1. stultitia (most general 
 term) : inaedible delusion (i.e., astro- 
 logy) for it is not every errur that should 
 (« ca//e</ /.,Oincredil>ilemdelirationem ! 
 non enim omnis error s. est dicen .a, Cic. 
 Div. 2, 4J, 90: it is f. to ..., stultitlae, 
 stultorum est, cf. L. G. ^ 266. 2. 
 
 fatuiias (mm = sheer f, idiotcy : v. syn. 
 under fool) : this should not be named 
 ignorance, but sheer f, non lianc Impru- 
 dentiam .... sed f. nominari oportere, 
 Cic. Inv. 2, J2, 99. 3. insipieptia 
 
 (absence of sound judgment or nitaom) : 
 f. is as it vere an unheal th 11 condition 
 of mind, ins. est quasi iii.sanitas quae- 
 dam animi. Cic. Tusc j, 5, to: PL 4. 
 amentia, dementia (tlie state of one br- 
 reft of reasmi, mens) : the condition oj 
 the mind lacking the liiiht of intellect, 
 theynamedf., animi affictionem mentis 
 lumine carentem nominaverunt amen- 
 tiam, eand( nique dementiam, Cic. Tusc. 
 }, 5, 10: he thought it the height off., 
 snmmae d. e.sse putavit, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 U: v. ixEATDATtoN. 5. ineptia (*ii- 
 liness, absurdity of particular acts or 
 things : esp. iii pi.) : if all fs perhaps 
 there is not one greater, omnium in. baud 
 scio an nulla sit major, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 4, i8. 
 
 foment : I. L < t- : ^^^- f"^% 
 
 fj)tuni, 2 : to f. the nostrils with the 
 steam of warm icater, nares f. vapore 
 aquae calidae, Ols. 6, 8, i . to /. the 
 knees tiitli hot x'inegar, genua calido 
 aceto f.. Col.: Plin. ||. Fig. to 
 
 excite, stir up : q. v. Ph r. : to f. sedi- 
 tion among the city slaves, servitia 
 urbana sollicitjire, Siill. Cat, 24, rjr<r..' 
 to f. duitttrbances, pacem soUicitare, 
 Liv. J4, 16, extr. 
 
 fomentation : Omentum : cold, 
 narm f.s, fiigida, calida, f.. Suet.; 
 Cels. : "to apply f.s, f. adhibere (with 
 dat.), C!ol. 6. JO, ad init. 
 
 fomenter : i- <■- <>"« " *" •''■'■* "P 
 
 1. coiuitalor: fin. -trix (rare) : /. 
 ofrii't and tumult, lurbae ac tuiuultus 
 c, Hirt. B. G. 8, j8; Sen, 2. stimu- 
 lator, instimfiliitor (rare): /.of sedition, 
 seditionis Instiraulator (oi. stim.) fet 
 concitatt>r], Cic. I'oni. 5, 11. 3. In- 
 [ stinctor (rare) /. of war, 1. belli, Tac, 
 I H. I, 22, extr. 4. fax, IXcis,/.: v. 
 
 I FIREBRAND. 
 
 I fond : i. Attached to : 1. imam 
 i (with gen.) .- irry f. if his wife, a. ux- 
 oris niaxime, PI. : citizens J. of their 
 country, cives a. patriae, Cic: mottf. of 
 you, amantissimus tui, Cic. Very /, 
 pirfimans : Cic. To be f. of, Imo, I - 
 V. TO LOVE. 2. amicus (with dot.) » 
 
 ?il
 
 FONDLE 
 
 F O O L.1 S H 
 
 FOOT'BALI, 
 
 tite sow f. of mud, arnica Itito sus, Hor. 
 Ep. 1, 2, 26 : a Ttian not more f. of the 
 tyrant than of {all) tyrants, homo a. 
 non magis tyranno quam lyrannis, Nep. 
 Dion, lo, J : v. friend. 3. studiosus 
 (eagerly bent upon or devoted to: with 
 gen.) ; /. of hunting or playing at ball, 
 venandi aut pilae s. Cic. Am. 20„ 14 : 
 /. of every kind of learning, s. omnium 
 djctrinarum, Gc. : v. devoted to. 
 (N.B.— Not used of f.ness/or a person, 
 except when meaning in favour of, on 
 the side of: cf. Cic.Att. j, 22, adfinj) 
 Very f. of : perstMiosus : Cic. 4. cii- 
 pidiis (desirous of: also with gen.) : fer 
 rf controversy than of truth,conleiitioms 
 quam veritatis cupiciiores, Cic. de Or. i, 
 II, 4'J: a young man very f. of me, 
 adolescens mei cupidissimus, Cic. de Or. 
 I, 22,104. Very f. of : percupidus: Cic. 
 
 5. deditus: v. devoted to. Phr. : 
 /. of eating, edax, Hor. : Cic. ; gulosus. 
 Sen. : Juv. (v. CLUTTONOUis) : /. of mne, 
 vinosus; Hor.: Scip.Afr, ap. Cell.: /. 
 nf pleasure, voluptarius, Cic. : f. of 
 women (in bad sense), muligrosus, Cic. : 
 /. of war, bellicosus, Cic. ; Caes. (v. war- 
 like) : /. of popularity, of being aii- 
 iiiired, ambitiosus, Ov. : Tac. : Cell. : he 
 is f. of horses and dogs, gaudet equis 
 canibusque. Hor. A. P. 162 : not to bef. 
 of, non, nihil, moror, l : / am not f. of 
 using what belongs to others, alieno uti 
 non moror, PL Capl. prol. 16 : / am not 
 f. of the wines of that coast, vina nihil 
 moror illius orae, Hor. Ep. i, 15, 16. 
 
 II. Indulgent : 1. indulgens, ntis : 
 
 Cic: LiV.; V. INDULGENT. 2. P™' 
 
 pitius: f. parents, p. parentes, Ter. Ad. 
 1,1.6. III. Silly, deluded : demeus: 
 
 T. FOOLISH, INFATUATED. 
 
 fondle ; 1. mulceo, si, sum (rarely 
 -turn), 2 : the creature you fear as a 
 bull, you used to f. when a <alf, quem 
 metuis taurum, vituliun m. solebas, Ov. 
 A. A. 2, }4i : V. TO STROKE. 2. per- 
 mulceo, 2 (intens. of preced.) .- ihrice 
 she f.d him with her hand, ter manu 
 perraulsit eum, Ov. Fast, j, 551. 3. 
 palpo and palpor, x : he allows his bosom 
 to be f.d by the maiden's hand, pectora 
 praebet virginea palpanda nianu, Ov. 
 Met. 2, 86-) : to stroke or f. a horse, 
 equum permulcere, vel palpari, Ulp. Dig. 
 9, I, I, } 7. 4. foveo, fovi, fotum, 
 2' (to cherish, keep warm or comfort- 
 able): Dido f.s the boy in her lap, 
 gremio f. puenim Dido, Virg. Aen. i, 
 "J18: she f.s him with snow-white arms 
 in soft embrace, iiiveis hicertis aniple.\u 
 molli f, Virg. Aen. 8, 387. 
 
 fondJing (subs.) .- deliciae : v. ta- 
 
 VOURITE, PET. 
 
 fondly: I. Affectionately: aman- 
 ter, pgramanter : v. lovingly. Phr.: 
 to love any one /., (amore) aliquem de- 
 perire, deamare, Ter.; misere amare, 
 PI.; amare aliquem singulari amore, 
 Cic. (v to lovk) : yourf. loved Kosciui, 
 amores et deliciae tuae, Rosciiis, Cic. 
 Dlv. I, }6. 79 ; / love him /., (ironice) 
 est is mihi in amoribus, Cic. Fain. 7, }2, 
 Jin. II. Foolishly ; q. v. 
 
 fondness ; I. Attadiment to; tow; 
 1, carltas (only of fondness for 
 perso)^s): v. affkctiok (ill.). 2. 
 8tudium(in relation both to persons and 
 things) : ffor philosophizing, s. philo- 
 sopharidi. Cic. Tb have a f. for any 
 thing, alicujus rei studio teneri, Cic. : 
 
 V. AFFECTION (Ill.l, ZEAL, LOVE. ||, 
 
 Ji'oolishness : q. v. 
 
 font; I A fountain : q. v._ ||. 
 A place for baptizing: baptisterium : 
 Sidon. 
 
 food: 1. c'njus (gen. term; esp. 
 for food of man) : to take f, c. capere, 
 Qc. Fam. 16, i ; Ter. ; c. sumere, .\ep. 
 Alt. 11, fin.: to digest /., c. concoquere, 
 Cic. N D. 2. 9, 24 : the flesh of wild 
 animals was thiir /., c. erat caro ferina, 
 Sail Jug. 18. Fig.; rain is the f. of 
 trees, c. arborum iraber, Plin. 7, 2 $ 12 : 
 f.for rage, c. furorls, Ov. Adj., relating 
 to /., cibari us : laws relating tof.,_ leges 
 clbariae, Cato : hence, cibaria, orum: 
 including all things used as f.: cooked 
 /., cocta cibaria, Liv. 3, 27, etc. : to give 
 312 
 
 any one /., cibaria alicui praebere, Cic. 
 R. Am. 20, 57: V. PROVISIONS. 2. 
 pabulum (usu. for cattle or inferior 
 animals): v. fodder. Fig.: f. for 
 Acheron, Aclierontis p., PI. : the f. of 
 studi/ and learning, p. studii atque doc- 
 trinae, Cic. Sen. 14, 40 : v. nourishment. 
 3. alimentum (whatever nourishes 
 in any ivay) : v. nourishment. 4. 
 esca (that which is eaten : often food 
 placed as bait : v. bait) : the diver takes 
 its f. diving into the water, mergus 
 niergendo in aquam capiat e., Varr. L. 
 L. 5 (4), 5 78: simple /., simplex e., 
 Hor. S. 2, 2, 72: Mart. Adj., pertaining 
 tof, escarius : vessels for /., vasa e., PI. 
 5. daps, dapis,/. (mostly poet.; and 
 esp. (if feasts) : to feed horses on human 
 food, i. e., flesh, humana d. pascere equos, 
 Ov. Her. 9, 68 : love of f. and fighting 
 (of the eagU), amor dapis aique pugnae, 
 Hor. Od. 4, 4, 12. 6. fipiilae, arum 
 (sumptuous or dainty viands ; v. feast) ; 
 the tables were set out with the most 
 exquisite kinds of /., mensae conquisi- 
 tissimis e. exstruebantur, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
 21, 62 : loaded with all kinds of f. and 
 wine, onerati epulis et vino. Sail. 76, 
 fin. 7. pastus, (is (of animals) : to 
 take their f, paslum (al. cibum) capes- 
 sere,Cic.N.D.2,47,l2l. Fig.; thef.of 
 souls, p. aniraorum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 2?, 66. 
 Special temu : Vie f. of gladiators, 
 gladiatoria sagina, Tac. H. 2, 88 food 
 sold cooked, popina (strictly a cook-shop) : 
 Cic. (who always uses the word in con- 
 temptuous sense : cf. Phil, i, 9. 20). 
 fool («"*«•) •■ I. A foolish person: 
 1. stultus (gen. term) : / believe 
 that i am a /., / don't think Jam an 
 idiot, egomet me s. esse exisiimo, fatuum 
 esse non opinor, Poet, in Isid. Or. 10, 
 s. V. : Cic. : V. foolish. 2. fatuus (a 
 strong word) : v. idiot. 3. homo 
 
 ineptus, demens : v. foolish. Phr.: 
 to play the f. (act foolishly), nugas 
 agere, PI. Men. proL 54 ■ to play the f. 
 in season, desipere in loco, Hor. Od. 4, 
 12, extr.: cease to play the /., desinas 
 ineptire. Cat. 8, I : to make a (prttty) 
 f of any one, aliquem lepide ludificari, 
 PI. Mil. }, 3, 5J; ludibrio habere, PI. 
 Cas. i, 5, 26 : Ter. ; (pulchre, lepide) os 
 alicui sublinere, PI. Merc. 2, 4, 17: you 
 are nof, baud stulte sapis, Ter. Heaut. 
 2, }, 82. II. A professional jester: 
 sannio: Cic: v. jester. 
 
 fooK^-)-' I. To trifle ivith ; make 
 a fool of any one : 1. liido, si, sum, j : 
 / have f.'d him nicely, eum lusi jocose 
 talis, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12 : begone, you are 
 f.ing me, abi ! ludis me, PL: Ter. 2. 
 ludifico, ludificor, i : v. fool (I., fin.). 
 3. iacto, I (to lead a person on ; to 
 cajole): had you not f.'d me on in my 
 passio»i, nisi me lactasses amantem, Ter. 
 And. 4, I, 2! ; PL 4. fnistror, i : PL 
 Am. 2, 2, 210: V. to disappoint. ||, 
 To fool away : i. e., to waste Joolishly : 
 iliado, si, sum, j (with dat. or ace.) : 
 while seeking to humour you, I have 
 almost f.'d away my daughter's life, 
 dum studeo obsequi tibi, pene iUusi 
 vitam flliae, Ter. And. 5, 1, 3 : as 
 though in the utmost abundance to f. 
 away money, tanquam in summa abun- 
 dantia, pecuniae il., Tac. Hist. 2, 94 : 
 conip. ib., sola perdendi cura : and Sail. 
 Cat. 20, tamen summfi lubidine divi- 
 tias vincere nequeunt, with all their 
 f.ing of it away, they cannot get through 
 their wealth : v. to squander. 
 
 foolery : Jneptiae, nugae : v. ab- 
 surdity, nonsense. 
 fool-hardiness: tgmeritas : v. reck- 
 
 LESSNES.S, RASHNESS. 
 
 fool-hardy : temerarius . a plan at 
 first sight rather f. tlian daring, con- 
 silium prima specie t. magis quam 
 audax, Liv. 25, 3"}, fin. : v. rash. 
 
 foolish : 1. stultus (most general 
 term) : unless you are more f. than the 
 most f, nisi sis stultior stiiliissimo, PI. 
 Am. }, 2, 26 : puffed up uith f. and 
 barbadian arrogance, s. ac barbara arro- 
 gantia elati, Caes. B. C. J, 59 : a very f. 
 plan, consilium stultissimum, Liv, : Cic. : 
 v. FOOL (I., I). 2. fatuus (stronger 
 
 than stultus, and mostly used as subs.)'. 
 v. IDIOT. Join: fatuus, insulsus, tardus, 
 Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 49. 3. Ineptus- ▼. 
 SILLY. 4. insipiens : v. unwise. 5. 
 stOlidus : V. STUPID. 
 
 foolishly: 1. stult«: PL: Qc 
 2. inepte : v. absurdly. 3. 8t6- 
 
 lid5 : V. STUPIDLY. 
 
 foot: I. Lit- 0/ **« ^>o^y' P*s. 
 
 pedis, m. : sandals fitted to thef : calcei 
 apti ad p., Cic. : to beat the earth with 
 the /., i. e., to dance, pede terram pul- 
 sare, Hor. Od. 1, J7, 1 ■ to be born f. 
 foremost, in pedes nasci, Plin. 10, 5 J, 
 74 : to commencf a journey on f., in- 
 gredi iter pedibus, Cie. Sen. 10, 34 (also 
 pedes, itis, may be used in tliis sense: 
 to walk onf., peditem inctdere, Liv. 28, 
 9, ad fin.) : to set f. on an estate, in 
 tundo pedem ponere, Cic. Caec. 11, ji : 
 fig., wisdom liad not where to set her 
 /., sapientia, ubi pedem poneret, uon 
 habebat, Cic. In milit. lang. : to leap 
 tof, i. e., dismount, ad pedes desilire, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 12 (v. to dismount) : to 
 serve on /., i. e., as a f .-soldier, pedibus 
 mereri, stlpendla facere, Liv. 24, 18, 
 med. : they had come to fighting on f, 
 ad pedes pugua ierat, Liv. 21, 46, med.: 
 to fling one's self at another's J eet, se ad 
 alicujus pedes projicere, Cic Sext. 11, 
 fin. ; abjicere, Cic. Att 4, 2, med. ; ad 
 pedes alicujus accidere. Cic. Att. i, 14, 
 6 ; alicui ad pedes se jacere, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 49, 1 29. F i g., of subjection ; shall we 
 leave (those cities) beneath your feet, sub 
 tuis p. relinquemus I Liv. 34, 32, med. : 
 Virg. II, By anal., the foot o;^' a stooZ, 
 etc. : pes : of a table, mensae p., Ov. Met. 
 8,661. III. As a measure; pes: to de- 
 part a single f. from anyone, ab aliquo 
 pedem discedere, Cit. Deiot. i;, 43: a 
 trench is ft. wide, fossa quindecim pedes 
 lata, Caes. : the iron was three ft. hmg, 
 ferrum tres longum habebat p., Liv. 21, 
 8, fin. : eight ft. long, p. protentus in 
 octo, Virg. G. 1, 171. Ealf af., semipes, 
 pedis, ?(!.: Cato: Vitr.: a f. and a half, 
 se.squipes, pedis, m. ; PI. : Varr. Adj. 
 of a f. in dimensitm : pedalis, e : tlie 
 sun looks to me about a f. in size, sol 
 mihi quasi pedalis videtur, Cic. Acad. 2, 
 26, init. ; half a f. long, seniipedalis : 
 Vitr. : Plin. : a f. and a half ton^, ses- 
 quipedalis : words a f. and a half long 
 verba sesq., Hor. A. P. 97 : Caes. : twit 
 ft. long, bipedalis: Caes. Pes is also 
 used of a metrical f: pes qui adhibetur 
 ad numeros, Cic. Or. 56, 188: feet are 
 not to be measured by syllables, p. non 
 sunt syllabismetiendi, Cic. |V. Fig-. 
 the lowest part of any thing : 1. 
 
 expr. by adj., inf Imus or imus (v. L. G 
 $ J4i) : from the f of the altar, ab in- 
 tima ara, Cic Div."i, 33, "72 : a* thef. of 
 the hill, sub inf. colle, Caes. ; at tlie f. 
 of an oak, ad imam quercum, Phaedr. 
 In later authors the neut. is sometimes 
 used as subs. : the f. of a mountain, 
 ima mentis, Plm. ; and even in the best 
 age, after a prep, and without a subs.: 
 a hill gently sloping from the /., coUls 
 leniter ab infimo acclivis, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 19, init. : v. bottom. 2. radix, icis, 
 /. ; at the f of mount Caucasus, in 
 Caucasi radicibus. Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52: 
 from the f of the Fciatine, a radice 
 Palatii, Cic. Div. 1, 45, loi . in conjunc- 
 tion with intimus, ab inf. radicibus 
 raontis, Caes. B. C. I, 41. Phr.: he 
 encamped at thef. of the mountain, sub 
 raonte consedit, Caes. : he removed his 
 house down to the f. of the Velia, aedes 
 suas sub Veliam detulit, Cic V. 
 
 Milit. term : forces ser%'ing tmf. : pedes 
 (cf. L. G. ^ 590), pgditatus : v. infantry. 
 foot, on foot (as adj.) : 1. pEd- 
 ester, tris, tre : /. forces, p. copiae, 
 Caes. : Cic. : a statue on /., p. statua, 
 Cic. Phil. 9, 6, ij : a journey onf. (i. e. 
 by land ; opp. to by sea), p. iter, Caes. 
 B. G. 3, 9, med. 2. pedes, itis, c. 
 (only of persons) : v. foot (1., ad init). 
 foot ("•)-■ i. e., to tread; Phr.: to 
 f. the ground (in dancing), polsare tel- 
 lurem, Hor. Od. I, 37, 2. 
 
 foot-ball: Phr.: to play at f., 
 *pilam pedibus pulsare : T. ball. F i g.
 
 FOOT-BATH 
 
 FO R 
 
 FOR 
 
 the f. of Fortune, Fortuime piUi, Aur. 
 Vict. 
 foot-bath; 1. peUuvia, p;""- 
 
 vium, FesU b. w. 2. livacrum pedmn : 
 V. BATH. Phr,: to take o/, *pede8 
 Wivare. 
 foot-board: •scamnum pedibus, ad 
 
 pedes lmp<jriendos. 
 
 foot-boy : v. kx/tmav. 
 foot-guards : •stlpalores or satellites 
 ptdt'stres v. GnABi>!>. 
 
 footing (subs): I .««n.<i'7»: 
 
 ground i "locus in quo flrmiter insistl 
 posslt; pedibus (uptus) locus. Phr. : 
 their f. giving wa>i on the slope, in prono 
 pede se fallente, Liv 21, j6, med. ||. 
 Position, condition : slutu.s, us t» re- 
 store (a thing) to its foriwr J'., in anti- 
 quum 8. restituere, Clc. Verr Act. i, 4, 
 12 : to be on such a f. that thi- caprice 
 of fortune could not shalce it, in eo s. 
 esse queni temeritas fortunae labclactare 
 Hon possil,Cic. Join: sedes et status 
 (fig. of the mind), Cic Par. I, J, ij. 
 Phr.. on an equal f., ex aequo, Liv. 
 ,, JO, init. : Tac. Uer. j6 to be on an 
 iqual f. v.-ith the gods, in aequo diis 
 3Wre, Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 2 : to be on the 
 same f. {of right), eodem Jure esse quo 
 fuerant, Clc. Verr. J, 6, I2- Liv.; on 
 wluU f. the matter stands, quomodo res 
 se habeat, Cic. (v. how). See also state, 
 
 CONDITION. 
 
 footman: I. ^ ^<Mier: pMes, 
 
 Jtis: V. KOOT-SOLDIKB. ||. A lacqiiei/ . 
 1 pCtlTsgquus and pedissequus ; 
 fern, -a: Cic. 2. servus a pedibus: 
 Cic. Att. 8, ;. 
 
 foot-pad: la*-™, grassator: v. kob- 
 her, highwayman. 
 
 foot-path : 1. ^eml la (anij namir 
 path) : vell-vom (Jbealen) f.s, triUie s., 
 Varr. : v. path. 2. agrfiria via 
 
 {through fields): Ulp. Dig. 45. »■ 2 S^ ^2. 
 (N.B.— Not pedeslre iter. p. via: v. 
 
 JOOT, ON.) /->... 
 
 foot-print: vestigium: PL: Qumt.: 
 
 T. KCXITSTRP. 
 
 foot-race: ^ 1. ^.''^u^ I'- («"•'( 
 
 race) : to reach the goal i« thef., cui^u 
 contingere metam, Hor. : v. rack. 2. 
 expr. by st&dium (the ground vhere the 
 f ivas run): to run a f., stadium cur- 
 rere, Cic GET. ?, 10, 42. One ivUo runs 
 in a /., stadicidroinus (<rTa5io8pofio?), as 
 epith. of a statue, Plin. J4. 8, 19 5 59 : 
 a portico ftted for such /.s, porticus 
 stadiata, Vitr, 5, 11, J. 
 
 foot-soldier: pedes, Itis c.r Oaes.: 
 
 Cic. BeUivging to f.s, pgdester, tns, 
 
 tre: v. infantry. 
 foot-Step : vestigium : no f.s on th-. 
 
 uHiy back, nulla v. retrorsum, Hor. hp. 
 
 I I -J5- Cic. Fig.: to tread in a 
 
 father's f.s, [a pueritia] vestigns in- 
 
 gredi patris, Cic. Rep. 6, 24- 
 
 foot-Stool: 1. ^'^^f^'^KY^Cl 
 Oulnt. 2. scamnum (of which the 
 preced. is strictly dimin.): Ov. A. A. 
 
 ' foP • no exact word : Cic. thus de- 
 scribes the young f.s In Catiline's com- 
 pany: quos pexo capillo, mlidtjs, aut 
 imberbes aut bem- barbatos videtis . . . . 
 hi pueri tani lepidi ac delicati, tat. 
 2, 10 ■ perh., •putida quadam niundilia 
 adolescens; qui ciron corporis curara 
 morosior est, comp. Suet. Caes. 45. 
 
 foppery • P'"'"'"- lenocinia corporum ; 
 Cic N D. 2, 58, 146: *nimla corporis 
 
 ac vestituselegantia: v. finery. 
 
 foppish: elegantior quam decet; 
 nttiilus, df-licatus, niorOsus : v. fop. 
 
 foppishly • *cum nlmia vestitus ele- 
 gant ia, morosltate. 
 
 foppishness : munditia od.o^, ex- 
 qulsiianimis.Cic.Off. i. j6, i?o; •nimia 
 8. putida cultus elcgantia, morositas. 
 
 for (prep.)- I. in P'«c«. "■'• *" 
 bJialf of: pro (with abl.): they use 
 obloiig pieces of iron J. mmieij, utuntur 
 ferreis taleis pro nummo, Caes. li. u. 
 c ,2 / will go f. you. If you dtm t 
 Uke t" do sn. ego pro te ilx) si tibi non 
 
 ctso rellctus est. Cic. bext. ?», 81 . to 
 Aqht f the lans, f. fretdom, f. conn- 
 Try, dimicare pro legibus. pro l.bertate. 
 
 pro patria, Cic. : to pay f. freight, pro 
 vectura solvere, Cic. Att. I, J : h£ con- 
 fesses that he is under great obligation 
 to Caesar f. his kindness, contitelur sese 
 pro Caesaris benetitlis plurinium debere, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 27. See also i>stf.ad of. 
 II Jn proportion to, consideration 
 of: ' 1. pro ; /. their population, they 
 deem^:d their territories too limited, pro 
 multitudini; homiiium angustos se fines 
 habere arbitrabantur, Caes. B. G. I, 2 : 
 a battle cent sanguinary for tlienumber 
 of combatants, pruellum atroclus quam 
 pro nuiuero pugnantium, Liv. 21, 29, 
 inii. 2. expr. by ut: he licul con- 
 siderable a/:quaintance uith literature 
 f. a lioman, multae [in eo erant], ut 
 in homine Romano literae, Cic. Sen. 4, 
 12 : an important and flourishing state, 
 f. a (ierman one. civitas arapla atque 
 florens, ut est captus Germanorum, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, }. (But Tac. has ut inter, 
 with a totally difTerent meaning, Agr. 
 II, tni<.) \\l Because of: 1. (alter 
 negative expressions) prae (with abl.) : 
 I know not where I am f. joy, prae 
 gaudio nescio ubi slm, Ter. Heaut 2, j, 
 67 : i/ou will not see the sun f. the mul- 
 tituile of missiles, solem prae jaculonim 
 muliitudine nou videbitis, Cic. Tu.sc. I, 
 42, loi. 2. propter (with ace): J. 
 tlMt eery cause, propter earn ipsara 
 causatn, Cic. : v. account of (on). 3. 
 ob (with cux.) : f. this reason, ob earn 
 causam, Cic. . to take money f. gioing a 
 verdict, ob rem judicaiidam pecuniara 
 accipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, J2, init. : to en- 
 counter death f. the good of the state, 
 mortem ob rempublicam obire, Tac. 
 Ann. 2, 8j. 4. de (with abl.: esp. 
 with causa) : to do any thing f. an im- 
 portant reason, aliquid gravi de causa 
 facere, Cic. Att. ^,^,i■. f- tliese reasons, 
 his de causis, Caes. : to weepf. the death 
 of a son, de fiUi morte flere, Cic. Verr. 
 2 2, JO, 76. IV. 'f'" "'^ advantage 
 of: 'expr. by dat. '(L. G. } 288) : he 
 {Pisistratus) conquered Megara not f. 
 his country, but /. himself, sibi non 
 patriae Megarenses vicit. Just. : to fear 
 f. any one, timere alicui, Cic. V. 
 With a view to; with a certain result : 
 1. in (with ace.) : to live f. the day 
 {only), in diem vivere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 
 ij: she had comef. the funeral (i. e., to 
 attend it), venerat in funus, Clc. Att. 
 15, I, mejj. : each wished to be the one 
 whmn Fortune might select f. the con- 
 test, se quisque eum optabat quern For- 
 tuna in id certamen legcret, Liv. 21, 
 42 : to change f. the worse, in detenus 
 mutare, Tac. Ann. 14, 4 J- 2. ad 
 
 (with ace): ships ready f. sailing, 
 naves paratae ad navigaiidum, Caes. : a 
 man useful f. nothing, homo ad niillain 
 rem utilis, Cic: m^aney is voted J. the 
 games, pecuniae ad ludos decernuntur, 
 Cic ; man was made f. intelligence and 
 action, homo ad intelUgendum et ad 
 agendum natus est, Cic. Fin. 2, I ?■ 40 : 
 the cliamaeleon plant is good f. {curing) 
 difficult)/ of urine, facit ad difficuliatem 
 urinae < hamaeleon, Plin. (but here the 
 dat. miulit have been used : cf. Plin. 22, 
 18, 21, etc.) : lie had Licinus f. his 
 amanuensis, Licinum servum sibi ha- 
 bult ad manum. Cic. 3. expr. by dat. 
 (of Purpose or Result, L. G. } 297) : to 
 serve f. a Usstm to the rest, ut fiiit rell- 
 quis documeiito, Caes. : /. whose admn- 
 tage, cui bono? Cic R. Am. 30. 84. 
 Vl Of time, during a certain pe- 
 riod : ' 1. expr. by ace. (L. G. } 249) : 
 the matrons mourned him f. a year, 
 matronae annum eum Uixerunf, Liv.: 
 Cic. (N.B.— This is the usual constr. 
 when the subs, hiis an attributive, un- 
 less protraction of time is to l>e spe- 
 cially insisted on.) 2. per (insisting 
 on protraction of time) : f. three years, 
 not a case was adjudged save at his 
 pleasure, nulla res per iriennium nisi 
 ad iiutum Istius judicata est, Cic : /. ten 
 {uhole)days, games were celehrated, ludi 
 decern per dies facti sunt, Cic Cat. j, 8, 
 20: v. THROUGHOUT. 3. inter (with 
 ore : in the course of, from time to 
 time): all the iniquities which have 
 
 betn perpetrated f. a period of ten 
 years, omnia quae inter decern aono* 
 nefarie facta sum, Cic. Verr. Act. i, ij, 
 }>]■ PL Phr.: f. a little while, paul- 
 ■ Usper,'Cic. : /. a Umg while, diu (v. 
 ; LONG, adv.) : /. Uie present, in pracsens 
 I temp'us. Cic ; or simply in praesens, 
 Hor. : Tac (v. pkesknt) : /. the future, 
 in posterum, in reliquum (v. fctube). 
 VII, Also of lime; to denote the 
 appointment of a definite time : in (with 
 ace.) : you had arranged the massacre 
 f. the iWi of (ictob>:r, in a. d. V. KaL 
 Novembres caedem te coniulis.'ie, Cic. 
 Cat. I, i, T- he invited the man to 
 dinner f. the following day, ad coenam 
 hominem Invitavlt in po?U'ruin diem. 
 Cic. Also when a period of lime la 
 agreed upon : ttiey obtained a truce f. 
 thirty years, induiias In triginu annos 
 Impetraverunt, Liv. 9, 57, extr. : to pro- 
 long power f. a year. In anniiiii impe- 
 riuin prurogare, Liv. VIII. Of P""* 
 or exchange : 1. expr. by abl. : 
 
 (L. G. } J16) : to buy a pint of water f. 
 a mina, aquae sexWrium iiiinii emere, 
 CSc. Liv. : he clianges round f. square 
 (or conversely), mutat quadrala rotundi* 
 Hor. Ep. 1,1,100: cf.Od.l,i7,2. (N.B.— 
 With mutare, in sense of to excliange, the 
 price given Is regularly put in aU. ; but 
 Hor. puis either of the objects of ex 
 change in the abl. without difference of 
 meaning.) 2. (when the sum paid 18 
 indefinite) expr. by such genitives as 
 tanti, quanti, tantidem, |)luris, minoris; 
 or the ablatives magno [not multo^ 
 pemiagno, plurimo, nihilo : v. L. G. 
 ft J 16, Obs. 2. F. nothing, gratis, gra- 
 
 tUito, ac. (V. GRATUITOUSLY) M 1 S- 
 
 c e 1 1. phr.: to be f., i. c, in favour of 
 a party, stiideo, faveo (both with dat.) : 
 v. T() FAVOUR: see if this does wt alto- 
 gether makef. me, vide ni hoc sit totum 
 a me, Cic (v. I)r. Smith's Lat. DiCL s. v. 
 ah, C, IV.) / f. my part think, equi- 
 dem censeo, Cic. (v. indkkd) /. aU you 
 mail enumerate so many, quamvis multos 
 enumeres licet, Cic (v. althol^h):^. 
 all I tnoio.quod sciam, Cic. N.B.— /"<» 
 in English often represents the ace. and 
 inf. in Latin : it is by no means seemly 
 f an orator to get angry, oratorem irasci 
 minime decet, Cic (v. L. G. } 510): It 
 also sometimes denotes the relation of 
 an objective gen. to its governing subs. : 
 resentment /. an injury, dolor injunae, 
 Liv. : grief f. the loss of a wife, dolor 
 conjugis amissae, Ov. (v. L. G. ^ 268) ; 
 also sometimes the prep, belongs to a 
 verb Immediately preceding it ; as to 
 hope for. to wait for; where see to 
 
 HOPE, WAIT, etc. 
 
 for (co'y) ■■ 1- "•''"^ (introducing a 
 direct reason; and standing regularly 
 first in its clause) : avoid a questioner : 
 f. the same U a gossip, percontatorem 
 fugito; nam garrulus Idem est, Hor.: 
 Caes.- Cic. It is often used eUipiically: 
 ivhat kind of insanity do you think I 
 have? f. to 'myself 1 seem 111 my smises, 
 quam me stultiliam Insanire putas? 
 ego nam videor sanus esse, Hor. 6. 2, 
 I ?02 (the position of nam is poet.): 
 V L G. $ 581, Obs. 2. namque 
 (strengthened form of nam): <ae^r 
 ca»ne to the res'^ in the trr../ nick of 
 
 time: f. tempore opportunissimo 
 
 Caesar auxilium lulit ; namque ..... 
 Caes.B.G.4, J4- later authors often put 
 namque after another word, as, f. Uiey 
 painted pictures of plants, vuixere nam- 
 que effigies herbarum, J'lin. 25, 2. 4: 
 Liv J 44, med., il.l namque . . . ludi 
 erant. 3. (mm (le.-s emphatic Uian 
 nam iVom which it is deriv.ti. and never 
 first in a sentence: v. LG^ ^^V'/^ 
 shouted that they shotM be of good 
 cheer, f. he saw the traces of "'«>. ex- 
 clamavltut bono essent ammo; vldero 
 enin: se homlnura vestigia, Cic Kep. i. 
 n fin.: and yet J did not think of 
 you; f. I kneii'.etc neque Umen de te 
 coeitavi ; sciebam enim, etc. Cic 4. 
 Mnim .al yiip. and '» ^oc/ : copul^ 
 hve as well ai Illative at the beginning 
 of a sentence). /. no one ■'^" 'P^ 
 well, saving he liave a good understatui-
 
 FORAGE 
 
 FOKCE 
 
 FOKCIBLE 
 
 ing, eienim dicere bene nemo potest, 
 nisi qui prutienter intelligit, Cic. Brut. 
 6, 2 J : comp. id. Fin. i, 9, jo; and v. in 
 I'ACT. 5. quippe (at the beginning 
 of a sentence: in this connection about 
 equiv. to etenim) : not that you can 
 give me any help ; f. the matter is in 
 hand, and you are at the other end of 
 the world, non quo me aliquid juvare 
 posses; quippe res est {al. quippe; res 
 enim est) in manibus, tu autem abes 
 longe gentium, Cic. Att. 6, ;, iiiit. : J 
 confess, he sai/s, that in the matter of 
 Gabinius J was guilty : yes ; f. you see, 
 etc., fateor, inquil. in Gabinio nefarium 
 me fuisse : quippe vides, etc., Cic. Dom. 
 48, 126 : both kinds have a trifling 
 name ; f. in fact this ivhole business of 
 exciting Janghfer is trifling, leve nomen 
 habet utraque res; quippe leve enim 
 est totum boo, risum movere, Cic. de Or. 
 
 2. 54, 218 ; V. BECAnSK. 
 
 forage {subs.): pabulum: v. foudrr. 
 
 forage (v.) ; to get provision for man 
 
 or beast (esp the lattei ) .- 1. pabfilor, 
 
 1 {to get fodder) : Caesar had sent three 
 legions to go to /., Caesar pabulandi 
 causa tres legiones raiserat, Caes. . Tac. 
 
 2. Iriimentor. i (to get corn): for 
 the sake of pillaging and f.ing, prae- 
 dandi frumentandique causa, Caes. : to 
 ,■'. in the adjoining territory, in pro- 
 pinquo agro f., Liv. (Frumentor and 
 pabulor are expressly distinguished in 
 Caes. B. C. i, 48, ./in. ; pabulandi aut 
 frumentandi causa.) 
 
 foraser : 1. pabulator : Caes. : 
 
 Liv. 2. friimentator (differing from 
 preced. as frumentor from pabulor : v. 
 preced. art., jfin.)_: Liv. 3. e.xpr. by 
 pres. part, of pabiilor, frumentor: v. 
 L. G.}658. 
 
 foraging: 1. pabiilatio: Caes. 
 
 2. frumentatio : Caes. : Suet. 3. 
 espr. by ger. of pabiilor, friimentor. 
 
 forasmuch : quum, quoniam : v. 
 
 ■WHERKAS, .SINCE. 
 
 forbear ; '. e., to refrain from doing 
 something : 1. parco, peperci and 
 
 parsi, parcitum and parsum, j (with 
 dat. ; less freq. with infin.) : tof. lamen- 
 tations, p. lamentis, Liv. 6, } /., if you 
 please, to boast of fidelity and the rights 
 of alliance, parce, sis, fidem ac jura socie- 
 tatis jactare, Liv. J4, J2, extr. : Virg. : 
 Hor. 2. naitto, misi, ssum, ? (esp in 
 imperat., = an ay with : mostly poet.) : 
 f.fond hopes, mitte spes leves, Hor. Kp. 
 I, 5, 8 : sometimes with in/in. : /. to 
 speak ill, mitte male loqui, Ter. And. 5, 
 }, 2 : Hor. 3. siipersgdeo, sedi, ssum, 
 
 2 (to dispense vith, q. v.: with abl. ; 
 less freq. with infin.) : I should have 
 forbm-ne to speak before yon, super- 
 sedissem loqui apud vos, Liv. 21, 40, 
 init. 4. fiigio, fiigi, fugftum, { (like 
 tuitto: v.supr.):f. to enquire irhat is 
 to be on the morrmv, quid sit futnrum 
 eras, fuge quaei ere, Hor. Od. 1 , 9, u : 
 Lucr. 5. tempero, i : v. to refrain 
 
 FEO.M. 
 
 forbearance : 1. patientia .- to 
 
 abuse any one's f., p. alicujus abuti, 
 Cic. Cat. I, init. 2. longanimilas: 
 
 Vulg. Rom. ii. 4. 
 
 forbid : 1. vgto, ui, itum, i (usu. 
 with ace. and inf. : most gen. term) : 
 Caesar had f.en the lieutenants to give 
 ever the work, ab opere legates Caesar 
 discedere vetuerat, Caes. B. G. 2, 20 : 
 Cic. : also absol., every law either orders 
 or f.s. omnis lex aut jubet aut v.. 
 Quint. 7, 5, 5 : or with ace. of person or 
 thing alone ; what I would make Greek 
 verses, Quirinus forbade me, quum 
 Graecos facerem versus, vetuit me Qui- 
 rinus, Hor. S. I, 10, J2: to f. liar, bella 
 v., Virg. Aen. 2, 84. less freq foil, by 
 subj. : / shall f. him to be unite)' the 
 same roof, vetabo sub Isdem sit Irabibus, 
 Hor. Od. ?, 2, 26: with ne. Hor. Ep. 2, 
 I, 2?9. 2. interdico, xi, ctum, ? (by 
 a formal decree : constr. with CKC. of 
 person ami abl. of thing; or dat. of 
 person and ace. of thing : also with 
 Siibj.') : to f. any ove to partake in the 
 sacrifices, int. aliquem sacrificiis, Caes. 
 B. G. 6, I J : in jxiss., the pe/tple. of An- 
 
 tiwm were f.en the use of the sea, inter- | 
 dictum est mare Antiati populo, Liv. 8, 
 14, med. : to f. any ove the use of fiie 
 and water, alicui aqua et igni int., Cic. 
 (v. TO BANI.SH) : he solemnly f.s r'assi- 
 vellaunus to injure Mandubratius, int. 
 [et imperat] Cas>ivellauno ne Mandu- 
 bratio noceat, Caes. B G. ;, 22, extr. : 
 Ter. : Cic. 3. intermlnor, i (i» a 
 
 threatening way : wiih subj.): I forbad 
 you with threats to do so, interniinatus 
 sum ne faceres, Ter. And. ;, 2, 16 : /era 
 food, iuterminatus cibus, Hor. Epod. 5, 
 }g. (The act. form occurs in PI.) 4. 
 expr. by impero, sancio, mando, with 
 ne and subj. : he f.s me to go away, 
 mihi ne abscedam imperat, Ter. Eun. ;, 
 5, 50 (cf. siipr. 2, fin.) : Flaccus by an 
 edict forbad the exportation of corn from 
 Asia, Flaccus edicto sanxit, ne frumen- 
 tum ex Asia exportari liceret, Cic. Fl. 
 28, 67 : nor is that f.en by any Ian; nee 
 quuminus id liceret, uUa lex sanxit, Cic. 
 ad Br. i, 5, med. : this is f.en by the 
 law of nature, hoc lege naturae sancitum 
 
 est, ut nihil Cic. Harusp. 14, !2 : 
 
 (Caesar) had f.en Trebonius to allow 
 Massilia to be taken by storm, Treljonio 
 mandaverat, ne Massiliam per vim ex- 
 pugnari pateretur, Caes. : v. to com- 
 3IAND. 5. prohibeo, 2 (rare in this 
 sense: constr. with acr., also sometimes 
 with infin.) : to command what is right, 
 and f. the opposite, recta imperare, pr. 
 contraria, Cic. N. D. i, 14, 36 : at Athens 
 an orator nas f.en to move the jxissions, 
 Athenis affectus movere proliibebatur 
 orator. Quint. 6, i, 7 : the gods /., quod 
 di prohibeant ! Ter. Andr j, ;, j6 : I'l. : 
 V. to prevent. Ph r. : the gods ./., dii 
 meliora ! Cic. Sen. 14, 47; ne di sirint 
 (= siverint), PL Merc, i, 4, 28 ; ne istuc 
 Jupiter 0. M. sirit, Liv. 28, 28, ad med. .- 
 see also supr. (5). 
 forbidden ipart. adj.) -. 1. veti- 
 
 tus : Hor. : v. TO forbid (1 ). 2. 
 
 netas, indecl. (f. by fate or the gods) : 
 enquire not thou ; 'tis f. to know, tu ne 
 quaesieris; scire iiefas, Hor. Od. i, 11, l : 
 V. i;ni. \wFiii.. 
 
 forbidding («#) •• perh. tglncus 
 (sour and mn'ose) : cf. Ov. A. A. i, 
 721, t. puella; and Mart. 4, 7}, 6, t. deae 
 (i. e., the fates) : or insuavis, odiosus : 
 
 V. UNPLEASANT, DISAGREEABLE. 
 
 force (subs.) : I. Strength, energy : 
 1. vis. Vim, vi ; pi. vires,/, (in most 
 senses of the Kng.): the f. of a current, 
 V. fluminis, Caes. : Lucr. : /. (violence) 
 is repelled by /.. vis vi repellitur, Cic. 
 Of immaterial things : /. of intellect, v. 
 ingenii, Cic. : the entire f. (essence or 
 nature) of friendship, omnis v amici- 
 tiae, Cic. Am. 4, 15 : the f. (power) of 
 conscienie, v. conscientiae, Cic. Mil. 2?, 
 61 : baffled by the f. of truth, repulsus 
 veritatis viribus, Phaedr. 1, l,fin. 2. 
 manus, iis, /'. (meton. : " main f.") : 
 in ibis sense usu. pi. : to keep one's 
 liberty by /., libertatem per nianus re- 
 tiijere, Sail. Jug. ?i, ad fin. : the matter 
 came to f. a/ui fighting, res venit ad 
 maiius et ad puguam, Cic. : v. violence. 
 3. momentum (of that xchich deter- 
 mines things one way or another) ; v. 
 INFLUENCE, WEIGHT. 4. impetus, iis : 
 
 V. IMPETUOSITV, ENERGY. P h r. : /. of 
 
 style, nervi, Cic. Or. 19, 62: Hor. A. P. 
 26 (v. vigour) : to be in f. (of laws), 
 valere, Cic. in Sen. 5, 11 : they ihm't 
 comprehend tlie f. of tliis word, hoc 
 verbum quid valeat non intelligunt, 
 Cic. Off. ;, 9. J9 (v. meaning) : to losef., 
 obsolescere, cf. Cic. Sext. 28, 60 (v. obso- 
 lete, to become). II. Military : 1. 
 copiae, arum : cavalry and infantry f.s, 
 equestres et pedestres c, Cic. Fin. 2, J4, 
 112: to raise large f.s, magnas c. com- 
 parare, Cic. ; Caes. Dimin., copiolae, 
 petty f.s, D. Brut, in Cic. Fam. 11, i ;. 
 2. vires, ium, /. (in milit. sense, 
 troops with reference to their strength 
 as a whole) : sufficient f.s for an engage- 
 ment, satis virium ad ceriamen, Liv. j, 
 60 : sometimes appy. simply = copiae : 
 cf. Liv. 9, 15, extr, undique contractis 
 viribus cum Papirio conferre. See also 
 troops. 
 
 force (.V.) : I. To compel : cogc^ 
 coegi, coactum, j: v. to compel. ||, 
 In phr. to /. a passage or %vay ; 1 
 perrumpo, riipi, ptuni, ; : theyf. a pas 
 sage through the midst of the enemy, pei 
 medios hostes perrunipunt, Caes. B. G 
 6,40: tof. a passage through a nuirsh 
 paludem p., Caes. B. G. 7, 19 : also 
 without ace. : they f.d their way into 
 (the emperor's) din ii^g-riiom, perruperun' 
 in tricluiium usque. Suet. Olh. 8. 2. 
 irrumpo, j (into sume place) : to /. a 
 passage into tlie camp, in casti^a ir., Liv. ■. 
 Cae>. : V. to break into. 3. erumpo, 
 } (out of some surrounding obstacles) : 
 tof. a passiig-- out througit (the midsl 
 of) the enemy, per liostes e., Liv. 22, 50 
 4, rumpo, ; (with viam, iter): 
 thither they f.d a passage in a wedge- 
 sltaped body, eo rupere cuneo viaiii, Liv. 
 2, 50, ad Jin. : Virg 5. eluctor, 1 
 
 (to struggle, squeeze out) : all the water 
 ^v^U f. its way out, aqua eluctabitur 
 omuis, Virg. G. 2, 244 ; Sen. : tof. a 
 passage through the snow, nives e., Tac. 
 H. 3, 59 : Liv. 24, 26, ad fin. |||. To 
 violate, ravish ■ q. v. |V. To raise 
 
 fniits, etc., prematurely : festino, i: a 
 f.d ripeiiess (of mind), festinata matu- 
 ritas. Quint. 6, prel. $ 10 : v. to hasten. 
 
 down : detrudo, si, sum, j : v 
 
 to thrust DOW n. 
 
 from or out: 1. excutio 
 
 ssi, ssum, J : to /. money from a per- 
 son's hand, iiummos de manu alicujus 
 ex., Ulp Dig. 47, 2, 53 $ 1 5 : we are f.d 
 out of our course, excutimur cursu, 
 Virg. Aen. j, 200: he f.d the tears from 
 my eyes, mihi lacrimas excussit, Ter 
 Heaut. I, I, 115. 2, extorqueo, si, 
 tum, 2 : V. TO EXTORT. 3. exprimo, 
 pressi, ssum, j (lit. to squeeze out) : heat 
 f.d out by collision of clouxls, nubium 
 confiictu ardor expressus, Cic Div. 2, 19, 
 44 : to f, out a few tears by rubbing the 
 eyes, lacriniulam oculos terendo vi expr. 
 Ter. Kun. i, i, 22. 4. extundo, tiidi, 
 tiisum, J (strictly, with a blow or shock 
 of some kind) : a frequent cough f.s out 
 blood, frequens tussis sanguinem ex., 
 Cels. 4, 4, 5 : tof. a thing from any mi« 
 by raillery, by entreat es, aliquid alicui 
 convicio, precibus ex.. Suet. Vesp. 2. 
 
 in, on, or upon: 1. ingero, 
 
 gessi, gestum, ; : to f. one's friendship 
 on any one, alicui amicitiam suani i., 
 Suet.: Hor : to f. a li-iss upon anyone, 
 alicui osculum i.. Suet Gr. 2!, extr.: 
 opp. to subtrahere [se], to draw back 
 difidently, Pliii. Pan. 2, inculco, i 
 
 (repeatedly): the Greeks f. themselves 
 upon our attention, Graeci se inc. auri- 
 bus nostris, Cic. de Or. 2. 5, 19. 3. 
 obtrudo, si, sum, j (to thrust upon) ; 
 since she cannot be f.d on any one else, 
 ea quoniam nemini obtrudi potest, Ter. 
 And. I, 5, 35. 
 
 UP : subigo, egi, actum, } : he 
 
 f.s the light boat by rowing up the 
 stream, adverso flumine lembum remi- 
 giis sub., Virg. G. i, 202 : to f. the fleet 
 up to the Jort, naves ad castellum s., 
 Liv. 26, 7,71". 
 
 forcedipart. adj.): |. Unnatural: 
 arcessitiis, quaesitus : v. far-fetched. 
 II. hi pi \r. forced marches : magna, 
 maxima iiineia: (Caesar) arrived by 
 f. marches in the territories of theNervii, 
 venit magiiis itineribus in fines Nervi- 
 orum, Caes. : he hastened into Gaul by 
 exceedingly f. marches, quam maximis 
 itineribus potest, in Galliam contendit, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 7: by f. marches night 
 ami day, magnis diumis nocturiiisqua 
 itinenbu-s Caes. B. G. i, j8: Brut, in 
 Cic. 
 
 forceful : validus : T. powerful, 
 strong. 
 
 forcemeat : a kind of stuffing : in- 
 sicia and insicium : Varr. L. L. 5, 22 
 5 no: Macr. 
 
 forceps : forceps, ipis, c. (often con- 
 fused with forfex, icis) : Cels. 7, 12; 
 also volsella, Cels. I. c. : v. pkcebs. 
 
 forcible: I, Effected by force: 
 
 per vim factus : v. forcibly ; violent. 
 
 II. /Possessing force : 1. vaUdu.'!: 
 
 a very f. kind of speaking, validissimuin
 
 FORCIBLY 
 
 F O K E I a N 
 
 FOREMOST 
 
 genus (diccndi), Quint. 12, 10, 6j- v. 
 STBONG, PowERKDL. 2. vehemens, 
 
 ntis (stronger tli.iii the Kng.): v. vio- 
 lent. 3. ("f style) nervosus : who 
 more f. in style than Aristotle, quis 
 nervosior in dicendo ArlsUitele ? Cic. 
 Br. }l,Jin. 4. erk\\s, e (SLS of argu- 
 ments, etc.) : Cic: V. wki<;htv. Plir. : 
 to be a f. argument, niugno esse argu- 
 mento, Cic. : v. ak<;cmrnt. 
 
 forcibly : I. *i/ main force : 1. 
 per vim, vi : because they luxii attempted 
 f. to make their way through the pro- 
 vince, quod iter per proviiiciam per vim 
 tentassent, Cacs. B. G. i, 14: Cic: to 
 hold /., secretly, unwarrantably (legal 
 terms), vi, clam, precario, pos-sidere, Cic 
 Caec. j2, 92 : v. force. 2. viok-ntcr: 
 V. viOLf:^'TLY. II. Of :!peakiiig, argu- 
 ing, with conclusireness and efftct : 1. 
 gravlter (weightily and with dignity) : 
 to speak most/., gravis^ime diceie, Cic : 
 V. iMPRES-sivELV. 2. nervd.se (with 
 
 vigour and energy) : to speak /., n 
 dicere, Cic. Or. ^6, 12";: coinp. Cic. Off. 
 }, 29, 106. 
 
 ford (subs.) : vadum : the Rlume in 
 some places is crossed by a f., Rbodauus 
 nonnuUis locis vado transitur, Caes. B. G. 
 1, 6 : to lead (troops) across by af, vado 
 transmittere, transducere, Caes. B. C. }, 
 J7 : Tac. A. 2, 11. 
 
 ford ("•) ■• i- e-. lo cross by a /., [flu- 
 meii, fretum] vado transire, superare : v. 
 prectd. art. 
 
 fordable : I' h r. .- to be /., vado 
 transiri, superari (posse) : v. ford 
 (subs.). 
 
 fore (adj): i- e-. "' front: 1. 
 prior, lis : the f. feet, p. pedes. Nep. 
 Kum, 5 : the f. part of the head, p. pars 
 capitis, Plin. 2. anticu- (opp. to 
 
 posticus : rare) : to be im)ielled tmvards 
 the f. part, in a. partem pelli, Cic Tim. 
 10, med. : v. front. 1' h r. : the f. part 
 of a ship, prora (v. prow). 
 
 fore-arm (■'^ubs.) .- brachium : V. ARM. 
 
 forearm ("•) •• mostly used in tig. 
 sense ; to prepare bt-forehand for dan- 
 ger : 1. praecaveo, tavl, cautuin, 2 
 (intrans. = to be f.'d, to f. tme's self): 
 that is a thing I must be f.'d against, 
 illud praecavendum est milii, PI. Men. 
 5, 2, io"7 : if you are on the look-out and 
 f.'d, they will never move you, provi- 
 dentem ante et praecaveiitem nunquam 
 te movebunt, Cic. PI. 22,5}: an anti- 
 dote taken tof. one against pfjisons, anti- 
 dotum ad praecavenda venena sumptuni, 
 Suet. Cal. 2 J. 2. praemunio, 4: to 
 f. one's self with antidotes, through fear 
 of poisons, metn venenorum praemuniri 
 medicamentis, Suet. Cal. 29. 3. paro, 
 I (to prepare, in whaterer tvay) : f.'d 
 against fortune, contra fortunam fiara- 
 tus arma'.usque, Cic. Fam. 5, ij.init.: 
 
 V. TO PREPARE. 
 
 forebode: I. Toforeivarnof: 1. 
 portendo, di, turn, j (to point to some- 
 thing in the future) : because they f., 
 they are called portenta,q\mipoTtvtidunt, 
 portenta dicuntur, Cic. : it f.s a change 
 in affairs, commutationem rerum |x<r- 
 teiidit fore, Cic. 2. praesagio, ivi, 4: 
 this scantiness nf forces scfm«/ to me to 
 f. retreat, not battle, haei- e.xiguiDis copi- 
 arum recessum, non dimicatioiiem milii 
 praesagiebai, Coel. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 
 init. : this likewise /.s the mortality of 
 the soul, id quoque pr., mortalem vivere 
 mentem, Lucr. : (commoner in sense II., 
 q. v.). 3. nuniio, denuniio, prae- 
 
 Duntio, I (to give pre-intimations of): 
 an assure sun f.s rain, cooruleus (sol) 
 pluviam den., Virg. G. 1, 45 ? : a prtjdigy 
 by which it was f.d that nature was 
 travailing with a king, prodigium quo 
 denunliabiturregem naturam parturire. 
 Suet, a pallid (faint) rising suti f.s 
 Aaii, pallidus oriens grandiiieni n , Plin. 
 18, J5, 78: a kind of natural force f.s 
 the future, vis et natura quaedam futura 
 praen., Cic. I'iv. i, b,extr. 4, sig- 
 nifico, I : he consults the quivering en- 
 trails, to see nhat they.f. to him, quid 
 Bibi significent spirantia consulit e.xla, 
 Ov. : to /. a tfmp' st for the next day, in 
 proximum diem Wrapestatem s.. Plin. : , 
 
 Col. : the comp. praesignifico also occurs 
 in Cic. in same sense. 5. niOnito, 2 : 
 v. TO FOREWARN. ||. To hare a f.ihg 
 
 of: 1. auguror, 1 at tlie appnxich 
 of death the soul f.s (has a f.ing of) the 
 future, appropinquaiite niurte, animi 
 futura a., Cic. Also ai:t. : if my mind f.s 
 aught of truth, si quid veri mens augiirat, 
 Virg. : Cic. 2. praesentio, si, sum, 4 
 (to have a presentiment of) : to f. (have 
 foiebodings of) tlie future, futura pr., 
 Cic. i)iv. 2, 48, ICX): V. PKESENTIME.ST. 
 
 3. praesagio, ivi, 4: to f., that is, 
 to atitivipate the future, pr., id est, 
 futura ante sentire, Cic. I>iv. i, ji, init. : 
 my mind f.d tliat I was going on a 
 fool's errand, prat'sagibat mihi animus 
 frustra me ire, PI. Aul. 2, 2, i. 
 
 foreboding (subs): |. An out- 
 ward indication or warning : p<jr- 
 tentuni, augurium, praesagium : v. au- 
 GLRr, PRE.SA<iE. ||, An inward pro- 
 
 plietic feeling : praeserisio : Cic. : v. 
 PRESENTrv EKT. To have af., praes;igire, 
 praesentire, etc • v. to forekjde (II.). 
 
 foreboding (adj.) .• 1. praesagus : 
 a mini f. iU, mens p. mali, Virg. : Ov. 
 2. nuntius, praenuntlus, a, um : v. 
 harbinger. 
 
 forecast ('■•) • praevldeo, praesumo, 
 
 etc V. To FORESEE, A.NTICIPATE. 
 
 forecast (subs.) .- providentia : V. 
 
 F<>lth:Sl<.llT. 
 
 forecastle : prior pars navis ; prora, 
 
 V. I'KdW . 
 
 forecourt : vestlbiilum : Cic. : Vitr. : 
 v. \ K>TnirLE. 
 
 foredoom : devOveo, destine, prae- 
 de.-tino v. To doom, PREDicsriNE. 
 
 forefather : atavus, abiivus, avus 
 (strictly, at the fourth, third, second 
 remove) : v. ancestor, rlur. majores, 
 um : Cic. 
 
 forefend : problbeo, 2 : v. to forbid 
 
 (extr.). 
 
 fore-finger : digitus index : v. 
 
 FINi.Ki:. 
 
 fore-foot: prior pes: v. FORE. (An- 
 tepes in Cic. Arat. Pbaen. 454 is prob. 
 corrupt.) 
 
 forego : i- e- to give up .- 1, super- 
 s6deo, sedi, ssum, 2 (to do without : 
 usu. with abl. ; also infin.) : v. to dis- 
 pense with, forbear. 2. dimitto, 
 misi, ssum, j : to f. one^s right, suum 
 jus d. (opp. to retinere), Cic. BaL 1 J, Ji : 
 Caes. 3. praetennitto, j (to pass by 
 
 as of no account ; whereas dimitto im- 
 plies the sacrifice of something in itself 
 valuable) : temperance consists in f.ing 
 sensual pleasure, teraperantia constat ex 
 praeiermittendis voluptatibus, Cic. N. D. 
 J. 15. J8. 4. cedo or decedo, si, ssum, 
 J (to depart from, give up, waive): to 
 f. one's rights, de suo jure cedere (al. 
 decedere), Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64. 
 
 foregoing (adj.): prior, proximus: 
 
 v. preceding, FORMER. 
 
 foreground: pars prior, proiima 
 
 taliuUu'. 
 
 forehead : frons, ntis, /. .- distin- 
 guished by a narroic f, Insignis tenui 
 f., Hor. Od. I, JJ, ; : Uie f of a sheep, 
 f. ovis, Ov. Fast. 4, 102 : Gies. Adj. : 
 with d/mble f. (or face), bifrons, ntis, 
 Viri;. 
 
 foreign : |. Of another country : 
 1, externus : af. religion, ex. religio, 
 Cic: among f. nai'OHs, apud ex. popu- 
 los, Cic. : /. tvords, ex. verba. Quint. : /. 
 custfrms, ex. mores, Tac. 2. exter or 
 exterus, a, um . less frequent than ex- 
 lernus : allies and f. nations, socii et 
 ex. nationes, Cic. ; /. kingdoms, ex. 
 regna, Virg. 3. pCregrinus (that has 
 come from abroad : externus, extems, 
 denote simplj' belonging to a country 
 outside our oun) : a f. ship, p. navis, 
 Ov. fear of a J. foe, p. terror. Llv. }, 
 16: a f. woman (Helen), Hor. Od. }, j, 
 !()■ f.' trees, p. arbores, Plin, i;, i;, I2. 
 4, barbarus (strictly, speaL-ing an 
 unintelligible language : applied to na- 
 tions neither (jreek nor K(nnan) : a f. 
 guest, b. hospes, PI. Riid. 2, 7, 25 : rude, 
 f. slaves, servi agrestes ei b., Cic. Mil. 
 9, 26 : tlie f. (outlandisli) .->yrtrs, b. 
 Syrtes, Hor. Od. 2, 6, j. (The word usu. 
 
 carries with it the notion of uncivilized.) 
 Simly. barbaricus : /. nanu.-, h. iiumina, 
 Suet. Cal. 47 : J. horses, b. e(iiii, Veg 
 Vet. 4, 7, i'hK. 5. ailveniicius (opp. 
 
 tt> liotne-proiiuced : coming fi mn otha 
 countries, imjwted) : /.forces, a. cupiae, 
 Cic. Maiiil. 9, 24: /. wine, a. vlnum, 
 Sail. (V. IMPORTED). Join externus 
 et adventicius (tig.), Cic N'. I). 2, lo, 26; 
 assumptus atqii^ adveniicius, Cic. Top. 
 1 8. 69. 6. ahenivjenus (rare) ; o//. bUjod, 
 a. sanguinis, Val. .Max. 6, 2, ad/m. The 
 subs. I«rm alieiiigi na (v. foreigner, "J) 
 is also found 111 diff. genders, to use/, 
 wine, aliein'gena vino uti, Gell. 2, 24 7. 
 exoiiciia: J. wme, e. vinum, Gell. ij, 5! 
 Phr. /. m/nneis or haliils, per.-gri- 
 iiltas, Cic. Fam. 9, i$,wl init. : lo Ure 
 in a /. country, peregrinari, Cic. : /. 
 countries (collectively : not Greece or 
 Rome : v. sttpr. 4), barbaria (also bar- 
 baries, el), Cic Fin. 2, 1;, 49. ||, 
 i\ot jirrtaining lo : 1. alieiius (with 
 dat., or abl. almie or with prrp.) : /. 
 to the oratorical art, arli oratoriae a. 
 Quint, piooem. 5 ; Cic : /. to /riend- 
 ship, amicitia a., Cic. Fam. 11, 27, ad 
 fin.: /. to a wise v.an, a sapi<-n(e a., 
 Cic. Acad. 2, 4;, U2 : also absol., it 
 
 seems not /. to our sutyject to non 
 
 a. esse videtur, with inf., Caes. B. G. 6, 
 11: v. INCON.SISTENT. 2. abhorreiis, 
 litis (out of character with : foil, by ab 
 and abl.) : language f. to the ctiaracter 
 of an eminent man, oratio ab. a persona 
 homjnis gravlssimi, Cic. Rep. I, 15. To 
 be f. to, abhorrere (of which the preced. 
 ii part.): Cic.; Mv. 
 
 foreigner : 1. peregrjnus (one out 
 of his i/wn country) : evtti fj have been 
 kings if Rome, etiam p. Romae reges 
 fuerunt, Cic. : a Tnan was called hostis 
 by our ancestois, whom noir uv cali af., 
 hostis apud niajores is dicebatur, quem 
 nunc p. dicimus, Cic. Off. i, 12, init. : tio- 
 Ixjdy, whether citizen or f, nemo neque 
 civis, neque p, Cic. Verr. 4, {5, init. 
 y*Vni. peregrina, Ter. 2. alienigena, c. : 
 (one of foreign descent ; also as adj. : 
 the form alienigenus not being used by 
 the best writers): what f.s are wont to 
 say of you, quid a. de vobis loqui 
 soleant, Cic. FI. 27, 6j : a man living at 
 a distance and a /, homo longinquu3 
 et a., Cic. Deiot. }, extr. 3. advjna, 
 ae, c. (a new-comer, a settler) : Join: 
 peregrinus atque advena, Cic Agr. 2, J4, 
 extr. 4. hospes. Ills, m. ; /. boepita : 
 
 V. STRANGER. 
 
 foreknow: 1- praenosco, j (to 
 
 grt a knmcledge of beforehand) : lo f. 
 the future, futura pr., Cic. Div. I, jB, 
 8}. 2. praescio, ivi and ii, itum, 4 
 (to knoiv beforehand) .- Ter. And. i, 5, 
 
 4: v. KVOW BEFOREHAND. 
 
 foreknowing (adj.): praescius: /. 
 tlie future, pr. futuri, Virg. : /. danger, 
 pr. periculorum, Tac. 
 
 foreknowledge : I. 'n gen. sense : 
 
 1. providentia; v. FORESIGHT. 2. 
 scieiitia, priidentia, with some qualif>-ing 
 word, as, recolleclion of Uie past, and f. 
 of Vie future, memoria praelerllorum, 
 futuronmique prudentia (al. providen- 
 tia). Cic. Sen. 21, 78 . the /. 0/ (future) 
 evils, luturorum nialorum ^cienlia, iJic 
 (v. knowleix;k) : to have a I. of < vents, 
 scire, pruvidere, quod futurum sit, futura 
 prospicere, Cic. ; (v. Ti) kno" . Fi iRvj-Kh ) : 
 aidinved with /., praescius ; v. fore- 
 knowing. II. As Uieol. t. : praesci- 
 entla; the f. of God, pr. Dei, TerL: 
 August ill. 
 foreland : promontorium : v. pbo- 
 
 MONTiiRV. 
 
 forelock : 1. clmis frontls (comp. 
 FETLOCK) ; from the f. to the nuslnlt 
 measures a foot, a c. froniis ad narea 
 pedem habet, Veg. VeL 4, 2. 2. 
 
 antiae, arum: Apul. Flor. Pro v.; to 
 take time by the /.. •occasionem prae- 
 ripere (?) : v. To ANTICIPATE. 
 
 foreman: '•*'•• manager, overseer: 
 proiuratiT (v. agent, manager), vil- 
 licus («H a. /arm) : v. steward. 
 
 forementioned (part, adj.^ : supra 
 
 dictus: V. .\F<)i!t*AlD. 
 
 foremost (adj.) .- 
 
 I. In local sense: 
 315
 
 FORENOON 
 
 FORFEITED 
 
 FORGERY 
 
 in the front : 1. primus : the right 
 
 foot will have to be put /., dexter pes 
 primus erit ponendus, Vitr. (v. Beck. 
 Gall. p. <)•]) : V. FIRST. 2. prior, 
 
 anticus, primoris : v. foke, fiiont. ||. 
 Of chief importance: priiiceps, prae- 
 
 CipUUS ; V. PlilNCIFAL, CHIEF. 
 
 forenoon: diesantemeridianus.horae 
 antemeridianae : v. morning. Intfief., 
 ante meridiem, Cic. 
 
 forensic : forensis, e : /. affairs, f. 
 iiegotia, Cic. : a f. contest, f. certamen, 
 Oic. See also bak. 
 
 forensically : *forensi ratione. 
 
 foreordain : praedestino, i : v. to 
 
 PBEDESTINE. 
 
 fore-part : prior pars : V. FORE. 
 
 fore-quarter : i- e., of an animal, 
 armns: Plin.: v. shoulder. 
 
 fore-run: \. hXt., to run in front 
 of: praecurro, j: PI. ||. Fig., to 
 
 precede a^ a harbinger : signif ico, prae- 
 signlfico, I : v. to forebode. 
 
 fore-runner : 1. praenuutius,/. -a : 
 V. HARBINGER. 2. antecursoT (strictly 
 a pioneer : used fig. in eccl. writers) : 
 the f. of Christ, i. e. John the Baptist, 
 a. Christi, Tert. : flowers thefs of fruit. 
 Acres frugum a., Tert. 
 
 fore-see : 1. prae video, vidi, sum, 
 1 (Jo discern what is coming to pass) : 
 the soul f.s the future, animus futura 
 pr., Cic. : / foresee what dtfence Hor- 
 tensius ^vill make, praevideo quod sit 
 defensunis Hort«nsius, Cic. Verr. 5, 9, 
 22. 2. provideo, 2 (to anticipate, and 
 take measures accordingly) ; the pilot 
 by (the exercise of) reason /.s a storm, 
 gubernator tempestatem ratione pr., Cic. 
 Div. 2, 6, 16 : it is the duty of a consul 
 to f wlmt is going to happen, est con- 
 sulis pr. quid futurum sit, Cic. Mur. 2, 
 4 : o f.n tempest, tempestas ante pro- 
 visa, TTer. 3. prospicio, spexi, spect- 
 um, J (strictly to descry from a dis- 
 tance) ; OS from a watch-tower. I fore- 
 saiv long befwe the coming storm, multo 
 ante, tanquam ex specula, prospexi tem- 
 pestatem futuram, Cic. Fam. 4, }, ad 
 init. : also with rel. clause, pr. quid 
 auditurus sis, Cic. Quint. 10, J5. See 
 
 also TO ANTICIPATE. 
 
 foreseeing (ad;-)- providus (with 
 
 gen.) : a mind f. Juture events, mens p. 
 futurarum rerum, Cic. : Liv. 
 
 foreshorten : i- e., in perspective .- 
 perh. imagines obliquas «. in obliquum 
 pingere : v. foil. art. 
 
 foreshortening (subs.): expr. by 
 catagiapha. orura (Kardypa^ia), pure 
 Lat. oblJquae imagines; he (Cimon) in- 
 vented f, hie catagrapha invenit, hoc 
 est, obliquas imagines, Plin. 35, 8, 34. 
 
 foreshow: portendo, praesignifico, 
 etc. : V. to forebode. 
 
 foresight: 1. providentia (usu. 
 with the further idea of precautixmani 
 measures): it is f. by which something 
 future is seen before it has come to pass, 
 pr. est, per quam futurnm aliquid vide- 
 tur antequam factum sit, Cic. Inv. 2, 5 5, 
 160: do you help me with your care and 
 f., tu me cura tua et pr. juva, Cic. : 
 from f., prudence often brings on timi- 
 dity, ex pr. consilium timorem plerum- 
 que afferre solet. Sail. .Jug. -j. 2. pio- 
 visio (imp\ylng precautiiin) : /. and pre- 
 paredness, prov. aiiinii et praeparatio, 
 Cic. Tusc. J, 14, JO. 3. prosplcientia 
 (as a habit of mind) : watchfulness and 
 /., vigilia et pr., Cic. Phil. •), 7, 19. 4. 
 prudentia futurorum : Cic. Sen. 21, lZ 
 [al. providentia] : v. foreknowledge. 
 5. very oft. expr. by verb: we 
 must exercise f on behalf of our coun- 
 try, prospiciendum, providendum patriae 
 est: V. TO PROVIDE. Gifted with f, 
 provldus : v. foreseeing. 
 
 foreskin: praepiitium, Juv. : Cels. 
 forest : 1. silva (most gen. term) : 
 Ancus Martius confiscated all the f.s 
 near the sea, Ancus Martius s. mari- 
 limas omnes publicavit, Cic. : Liv. By 
 anal., o bristling f. of dry hair, horrida 
 siccae s. comae, Juv. 9. i j : a rude /., 
 Imrs and caltrops, aspera s., lappaeque 
 tribulique, Virg. G. i, 152. Adj., per- 
 taining to a /., silvestris, c : v. woodt, 
 ■?i6 
 
 wild. 2. saltus, us, m. (a f. with 
 heights and defiles): the JSercynian f, 
 Hercynius s., Tac. . to surround the 
 vast f.s with hounds, canibus magnos 
 circumdare s., Virg. 6. i, 140 : f.s 
 abounding in wild animals, s. pleni 
 feris, Plin. 5, i. i, med. : v. wood, pass 
 (subs.). 
 
 forestall : I. l"" anticipate : q. v. 
 II, To buy up a commodity befwe 
 market : 1. praemercor, i (rare) : to 
 have no regard for price, and f. the 
 market for them, pretio minus parcere 
 eaque p., Cass. Hemina in Plin. 12, 2, 
 10 (in this case, however, for luxury 
 and not profit). 2. comprimo, pressi, 
 pressum, i (for purposes of gain) : tof. 
 the corn-market, frumenlum c, Cic. Att. 
 5, 21, 6 ; annonam c, Liv. j8, J5, med. 
 
 forestaller : 1. dardanarius (prob. 
 originally a nick-name) : f.s (speculators 
 in corn) are apt very greatly to into-- 
 fere with the market, annonam attentare 
 vel maxime solent d.. Ulp. Dig. 4'7. "• ^^ 
 2. expr. by verb : qui frumentum 
 s. annonam comprimere solet: v. to 
 forestall. 
 
 forester : I- inhabitant of a 
 
 forest : homo Silvester ; cf Hor. A. P. 
 
 J91 : or silvarum incola : v. forest. 
 
 II, Keeper of a forest : saltuarius : 
 
 Pompon. Dig. JJ> 7, 1$. 
 
 foretaste (subs.) .• 1. gustus, us, 
 
 m. : / warrant the whole book to answer 
 to thisf. (sending a few verses by letter), 
 ad hunc g. totum librum repromitto, 
 PUn. Ep. 4, 27, 5 : Col. : v. taste, speci- 
 men. 2. P^'l^- arrhabo, onis, m. : v. 
 earnest (subs.). P h r. : hitherto ice 
 have had but a f. of happiness, *adhuc 
 felicitatem nonnisi primoribus lahris 
 gustavimus. 
 
 foretell : praedico, vaticinor, cino 
 (poet.), divino . v. to predict. 
 
 foreteller : vates ; qui praedicit, 
 etc. ; V. prophet. 
 
 forethought : providentia, prospici- 
 entia, etc. : v. foresight, couksel. 
 P h r. : there is need off, consulto opus 
 est, Sail. Cat. i. 
 
 foretoken : portendo, praesigmfico : 
 V. to forebode. 
 
 fore-topsail: perh. dolon or dole, 
 onis, m. : Liv. j6, 44. 
 
 lorewam; 1. praemOneo, 2: to 
 be f.'d of impending dangers, de impen- 
 dentibus periculis praeinoneri, Cic. : to 
 f. any one to be on his guard, pr. ali- 
 quem ut caveat, Cic. : f.'d of the change- 
 
 forfeiture : of goods, publicatio (r 
 confiscation); '/ life, expr. by mors, 
 caput : to be punished loith f. of life, 
 morte poenas dependere, Cic. Sext. 67, 
 140 : to condemn to the f. of life, capitis 
 damnare, Cic. (v. TO coltjemn). 
 
 forge (sabs.) : 1. fomax, acis, /.. 
 V. furnace. 2. officina (worksfiop) t 
 the ponderous f.s of the Cyclops, graves 
 Cycfopum of., Hor. Od. i, 4, 8 black- 
 smiths' (lit. copper-smiths') f.s, aerari- 
 orum of., Plin. ; v. workshop. 
 
 forge (i'-)- I. 1^'t' *"/• 'install 
 1, fabricor or fabrico, I (to manu^ 
 facta're): to f. a sward, gladium fabri- 
 cari, Cic. : to /. tlie thunderbolt for Jove, 
 Jovi fulmen f., Cic. Div. 2, 19, 4} : the 
 missiles f.d by the haruls of the Cyclops, 
 tela mahibus fabricata Cyclopum, Ov. 
 2. procudo, di, sum, j : (to beai 
 out) : to beat out the point of a sword by 
 f.ing, mucronis ducere fastigium pro- 
 cudeiido, Lucr. : to f. the fang of the 
 ploughshare, dentem vomeris pr., Virg. 
 G. I, 261 : anger f.s swords, ira pr. enses, 
 Hor. Fig.: the tongue has to be whet- 
 led and f.d (formed), acuenda nobis et 
 procudenda lingua est, Cic. de Or. i, jo, 
 fin. 3. exciido. di, sum, 3 (like pre- 
 ced.): others will f the breathing bronze 
 more gracefully, excudent alii spirantia 
 moUiiis aera, Virg. Aen. 6, 848 : to /. 
 swords, gladios ex., Juv. 4. eudo, di, 
 sum, J (less freq. than comps.) : to f 
 coins, numos c, PI. Most. 4, i, 46: tof. 
 a ring, annulum c, Quint. 9, 2, 61. 5. 
 recoquo, xi, ctum, j (to /. [lit. heat] 
 over again) : theyf. their fathers' swords 
 again in furnaces, recoquunt patrios 
 fornacibus enses, Virg. Aen. 7, 6}6. 6. 
 diffingo, nxi, ctum, j (to fashion differ- 
 ently : rare) : to /. anew on the anvU 
 the blunted sword, incude retusum d. 
 ferrum, Hor. Od. i, 35, 39. 7. duco, 
 xi, ctum, 3 : to f. a sword, ensem d., 
 Tib. : corap. Lucr. I. c. (2). ||. To 
 counterfeit : (a), of money : adulterines 
 numos cudere, percuiere : v. to coin. 
 (b). of documents : 1. subjicio, jeci, 
 jectum, 3 (strictly to substitute): tof. 
 wills, testamenta s., Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 7" 
 Quint. 2. suppono, posui, positum, 
 3 (like preced.) : to /. a wHl, testa- 
 mentum sup., Cic. : more fully, falsa 
 tesiamenta s., Cic. Leg. i, 16, init. 3. 
 subdo, didi, ditum, 3 (less freq.) : tof. a 
 will, testamentum s., Tac. Ann. 14, 40. 
 4, interpSlo, 1 (to /. clauses in a 
 document) : to cancel, alter, f. clauses ; 
 
 able)iess of the sky, varietatem coeli | to take care that the erasure should not 
 " - - - - appear, demere, mulare, int., curare ne 
 
 liiura appareat, Cic. Verr. Act. i, 61, 
 158. 5. interiino, levi, litum, 3 (to 
 make erasures here and there): Cic. 
 Clu. 44. 125. Phr. : tof. a will and 
 get it signed, falsum testamentum ob- 
 signandum curare, Cic. Clu. 44, 125: they 
 delivered to the Icing a spwious (f.d) 
 letter, for which the signature of T. 
 Quinctius had been f.d, falsas Uteras, 
 signo adulterino T. Quinctii signatas, 
 regl reddiderunt, Liv. 40, 23: to tran- 
 scribe a will ujiii /. the signatures, tes- 
 tamentum in alias tabulas transcriptum 
 signis adulteriniB obsigiiare, Cic Clu. 
 14, 41 : to produce a f.d document, 
 falsum codicem proferre, Cic. : tof. docu- 
 ments, » falsas tabulas comparare : to f. 
 by tampering with and altering : cor- 
 rumpere : v. TO tamper with, falsify. 
 forger : I. ^'f '"'"'ej/ • parScha- 
 ractes, ae*; qui adulterinos nummos 
 cudit: V. coiner. ||, Of wills : \, 
 subjector (cf. to forge) : a f. of wills, s. 
 testanientorum, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7. 2. 
 
 testamentarius (of a will) : concerning 
 assassins, poisoners, will-fs, thieves, de 
 sicariis, veneficis, t.. furibus, Cic. Off. 3, 
 18, 73. 3. falsarius (of any docu- 
 
 ment : rare) : as a protection against 
 f.s, advtrsus falsarios. Suet. Ner. 17. 
 
 forgery : I- of money .- expr. by 
 circuml. : condemned for /., de adul- 
 terinis nummis cudeudis damnatus : ▼. 
 to fobge (L). II. Of documents: 
 
 1, subjectlo (strictly substitution): 
 f. of wills, s. testamentorom, Liv. 39, 
 18, med. 2. expr. by verb: to pro- 
 
 praemonitus. Col. 2. mSneo, 2: v 
 to warn. 3. significo, praesignifico, 
 I : V. TO FOREBODE. Phr. J.'d is fore- 
 armed, cavendo tutus, M. L. (herald.). 
 
 forewarning (subs.) .- praemonitus, 
 us, m. : Ov. : V. warning, admonition. 
 forewoman: prociiratrix: v. fore- 
 man. 
 
 forfbit (subs.) : poena, multa (mulc- 
 ta) : V. penalty, fine. 
 forfeit (adj.) : V. forfeited. 
 forfeit (V- intr.) : 1. multor. 
 
 mulctor, I (pass.) : with abl. : which- 
 ever of the two alters, is tof. a cup, uter 
 demutassit, pnculo multabitur. Pi. St. 5, 
 4, 4?: exiles f. their goods, multantur 
 bonis exules, Cic. Tusc. 5, 37. 106. 2. 
 amitto, misi, missum, 3 : to fa right. Jus 
 am., Cic. : v. to lose. Phr.: by so doing 
 you have f.'d your Ufe, *ob haec tacta 
 morti obnoxius es; capitis poena dignus 
 es : v. to deserve. See also foil. art. 
 
 forfeited, forfeit (P«. odj-) ■ 1. 
 commissus ; they said that the inherit- 
 ance was f. to Venus, illam hereditateia 
 Veneri commissam esse dicebant, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, i, 10, 28: Ulp. 2. sacer, 
 
 era, crum (in religious formulae: ac- 
 cursed, devoted:) : let his head be f. to 
 Jove, ejus caput Jovi s. sit. Vet. plebis 
 sc. in Liv. 3, 5;. Phr. : to become f. to 
 the state (of goods), publicari ; in pub- 
 licum redigi, Liv. (v. to confiscate): 
 his life had been (justly) f, jure caesum 
 esse, Liv. (v. jtsTlt) : " why, all our 
 lives were f. once," (Shaks.), *quin uni- 
 versi morte digni eranius ; capitis minores 
 eramus (cf. Hor. Od. 3, 5, 42).
 
 FORGET 
 
 FORM 
 
 FORMAL 
 
 Twunce any one guilty of /., aliquem 
 tabulas corrupisse judicare, Cic. : v. to 
 FOEGE. P h r. : tlu letter U a /., *falsae 
 sunt literae. 
 
 forget : 1. oblivlscor, litus, j (usu. 
 with gen., esp. of p^swns; also ace. of 
 things : cf. L. G. } 2t8, Obs.) : and yet 
 we must not f. J-:picurus, nee tamen 
 Kpicuri licet ub., Cic. Fin. ;, i,/in. : / 
 have compUctely forgotten myself, pror- 
 sum obliius turn mei. Tcr. Kun. 2, j, 
 14 : nor shall I eiier /. t)uU night, nee 
 unquam oblivlscar n^ctis illius, Cic. PI. 
 42 , 1 01 : to f. an old insult, veteris con- 
 tumeliae ob., Caes. B. G. i, 14: tof. the 
 most ci'lebrat'd events, res praedarissi- 
 mas ob., Cic. Mil. 2}, 6j : the cfx. of 
 neut. prons. and adjj- should be used ; 
 comp. Ij. G. ^ 25!. F i ?., of that wlilch 
 is lost sight of: to f. one's dignity, dig- 
 nitatis suae ob., Cic. Fain, i, 7, 6 : Hor. 
 F. part. us€<l pass : forgotten songs, o\>- 
 Uta carmina, Virg. K. 9, 5!. (N.B.— 
 To expr. the pafs., the sentence may 
 be inveited ; that kindness of yours 
 shall nerer be foryotten by me, beneficli 
 istius nunquam ohn viscar ; or a phr. may 
 be employed, beneficli istius niemoriam 
 nunquam ego abjiciani : v. infr.). 2. 
 dedisco, dldici, } (to unlearn : q. v.) : 
 to f. the name and discipline of the 
 Roman people, nomen disciplinamque 
 P. R. d., Caes. B. C. j, 1 10 : to f. how 
 to talk, loqui d., Ov. Phr.: to f. a 
 thing, aliquld ex memoria deponere, 
 Cic. SuU. 6, 18; alicujus rei memo- 
 riam deponere, Caes. B. G. i, 14; nil- 
 fidly to f. favours, beneficiorum nie- 
 moriam abjicere, Cic. Phil. 8, 11, ii: 
 that battle will never be forgotten, ilia 
 pugna punquam in animo obliterabitur, 
 cf. Llv. 26, 41 : / Itad forgotten Uiose 
 things, mihi ista exciderant, Cic. Leg. 2, 
 18, 45 : more fully, excidere de memoria, 
 Liv. 29, 19, fin. ; anlmo excidere, Liv. 
 J4, J7 : Vlrg. : to f. her sex, sexum 
 egredi, Tac. Aim. 16, 10, fin. 
 
 forgetful: 1. iinmemor: v. un- 
 MrNPFDL. 2. obliviosus (habitually 
 forgetting): CAc: v. oBLivions. (N.B. 
 When a particular case only is referred 
 to, the p. part, of oblivlscor may be 
 used: /. of all propriety, quid dcceat, 
 quid non obliti, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 62: cf. 
 
 Virg. G. 2, 59 : V. TO FOHGET.) 
 
 forgetfulness : 1, obiivio- it is 
 not through f. of our friendship that I 
 have not sent you any letters, non obliv- 
 ione amicitiae nostrae, ad te nuUas lite- 
 ras misi, Cic. : to rescue praise from tfie 
 f. of manlcind, laudem ab ob. honiinurn 
 viudicare, Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 7: oi habitual 
 f. : in Claudius men vondered at both 
 his f. and his heedlessness, in Claudio 
 mirati sunt homines el ob. et incotisi- 
 derantiam. Suet. CI. 59: through 1., per 
 ob., SueU 2. oblivium (chiefly in pi. 
 and poet.) : /. of things, oblivia rerum, 
 Lucr. i, 840: Ov. ■ V. OHM V ION. 
 
 forgive : 1. ignosco, novi, notuni, 
 ? : to f. out of kindiifss ; to (/verlook : 
 (the person forgiven in dat. ; the offence 
 in ace, or expr. b.v clause. al;50 in dat.) : 
 I u-ould that tlie immortal gods may f. 
 both the Roman people and this order for 
 this, hoc fgnoscant <lii immortales velim 
 et populo R. et liuic ordini. Cic. Phil, i, 
 6, ij : to/. O7!yo/";'.s/u«/{s, delictaalicui 
 ig., PI. : f. me for writing to you so 
 much arid so ojlni, mihi ignoscas quod 
 ad te siribo tarn mulla toties, Cic. Att. 
 •J, 12, ad meil.: to f. faults, vitiis ig., 
 Hor. 8. I, 4, i;i : Cic. Fam. 5, 12, init. 
 (the ace. is preferred in the case of a neut. 
 prop., but in other casf s is rare : cf. I... G. 
 § 25!): an offence irhich ought to be 
 jf.n, culpa quae est ignoscemla. I'cr. I'h. 
 5, 8, 25 : we will beg to be f.n. igiiusci 
 nobis postiiliibimur, Auct. Her. 2. 17, 3t 
 2. condoiio, dono, i v. to i-ARDo>i, 
 RF.Mrr. 3. conce<lo, cesst, cessuni, j 
 (with dat. : tof. out of regard for) .- yini 
 forgave Uarcellus out of consideration 
 for the senate, Marcellum senatui con- 
 tessisii, Cic, Lig, 12, 17 : f.ing much out 
 of regard for their bravery, multa vir- 
 tuti eorum concedens, Caes. B. C. j, 60. 
 Phr.: to forgive any one for tlie past. 
 
 aliqnem vcnia donare [alicui veniam 
 daie] in praeteriium. Suet. (v. to par- 
 don) ; if you f. my error, si errori nostro 
 album calculum adjeceris, Plin. Ep. i, 
 
 2,5- 
 
 forgiveness : 1. v6nia : v. indul- 
 GENCF, I'AitDoN. 2. expr. by verb: 
 ire beg /., ignosci nobis postulamus, 
 Autt. Her. : (a crinui) tchich can never 
 find f.,*ci\\ nunquam ignosci poterit : 
 "" tite condition of the Divine f. is tluit 
 v.-e forgive otiurs," *hac lege nobis a 
 Deo ignoscltur ut altcri ignoscamus: v. 
 
 TO FOKGIVE. 
 
 forgiving (adj.): 1. ignoscens: 
 a more f. mind, animus iguoso-ntior, 
 Ter. Heaut. 4, i, J2. 2. exorabilis. e 
 (easily entreated) : more f. in injuries 
 done to one^eJf than to others, in suis 
 quam in alienia exorabilior injuriis. Sen. 
 Clem, r, 20: Cic. Att. 1. ?, extr. 3. 
 Clemens: v. mild, mf.rciful. 4. fa- 
 cilis, e ! / ought to be regarded by you 
 as mild andf., lenis a te et f. exislimari 
 debeo, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 4: v. good- 
 
 NATIJHF.D. 
 
 fork : 1. ^"rca (a two-pronged /., 
 a pitch-fork : f. biconiis. Virg. G. i, 264) : 
 to drive nature out with a pitch-f., na- 
 turam furca expellere, Hor. Ep. i, 10, 
 24: Liv.: Virg. IHmin.: furcilla (also 
 furcula, Liv.) : a small f., used for hay- 
 making, propping vines, etc. : Varr. : 
 Cic. : Cat. : used in modem Jjatln for a 
 table-f. (an instrument not known to 
 the ancients) : v. Leander .Vlbertus, De- 
 scription of Venice, p. 221. 2, cS- 
 agra (af. n-ith three prongs for lifting 
 meat) : Marc. Cap. 3. mergae, arum 
 (a kind of f. useA in reaping) : PI. • 
 Col.: V. Fore. s. V. 4. tridens: v. 
 
 TltlDKNT. 
 
 forked : 1. furclUatus (rare) : 
 
 small f. sticks, baciUa f., Varr. L. L. 5, 
 24,^117. 2. bifurcus (t>vo-f.): af. 
 bough, b. ramus, Ov. : /. stakes, b. valli, 
 Liv. 3. bisulcus (cloven) : a f. 
 
 tcmgue, b. lingua, Ov. : a f. tail, b. 
 Cauda, Plin. 4, bicomis, e : Vlrg. G. 
 I, 264. 
 
 forlorn (adj.) ; 1. perditus (un- 
 done): and thus f. she flung hers'lf 
 into the rapid waters, alque ita se in 
 rapidas perdita niisit aquas, Ov. : in 
 tears and sorrou:f., lacrimis ac moerore 
 perditus, Cic. Mur. 40, 86. 2. de- 
 
 stitutus (deprived of everything) : in 
 this wretched and most lamentable 
 pVght /., In hac fortuna misera ac lue- 
 tuosissima d., Cic. : v. destitutk, 
 
 WRETCHED, DESPERATE. P h r. : /. AojBe, 
 
 term applied to a stormuig party : perh. 
 devota manus. 
 
 form (subs.) : I. Of shape : 1. 
 forma : to diange f.s, formas rautare, 
 Ov. : the beauty of the female /., muli- 
 ebris f. pulcritudo, Cic: thef. and situ- 
 ation of the farm, f. et situs agri, Hor. : 
 the f.s of the letters, f. llterarum, Cic. 
 Fig.: thef. of the constitution, f. rei- 
 publicae, Cic. ; you behold ind>ed, the 
 very /., and as it were the figure of 
 uhat is honourable, f. quidem ip.iam et 
 tanquam faciem honesti vides, Cic. 
 2. flgiira: v. figure, shape. Fig. 
 the f. of style, f. orationis, Cic. de Or. ;, 
 55. 212": a thousand f.s of death present 
 themselves to the mind, occurrunt animo" 
 pereundi iiiille f., Ov. Her. 10, 81. 
 Grammatical: other nouns have five f.s, 
 alia nomina quinque habeiit f., Varr. L. 
 L. 9. 36, 52. 3. facies, 6i, /. (v. 
 
 FiGUitE) : a xvave rounded in thef. of a 
 mountain, curvata in moiitis f. ulida. 
 Virg. G. 4, jfti. P li r. : different f.s of 
 government, *varia reipublicae genera; 
 \-arlae relpub. gerendae rationes v. 
 KIND (subs.). II. A f. of i«/r(ts ; 
 ritual, ceremony: carmen, perscriplio 
 V. formula. Phr.: in du,: f., ritfi. 
 Liv. I, 8, init. : Cic. : Hor. : forf.'s sake, 
 dicls causa- to pay a small sum of 
 money for f.'s sake, aliquid numulorum 
 dlcis causa dare. Cic. Verr. 4, 24. Si 
 Ulp. : so, dicis gratia. Gal. Dig. i;. 6, 4; 
 consuetudlnls causft, Cic. |||. J bench 
 to sit on : scamiium : v. bench : hence, 
 by melon., u class in a school, classis : v. 
 
 CLASJ. IV- 1'f'''- teat of a hare .-• lociS 
 in quo insedit lepus 
 
 form (v.) ■ I. To construct, shape : 
 1, foniio, I : to f., shape, coUiur, 
 animate, bodies (of the atijni.~), corpora 
 f., figurare, colorare, aniniare, Cla N. 
 1). I, J9, 110. Fig.: tof. the life and 
 manners of youth, viiam et mores Ju- 
 ventutls f., Plin. Pan. : to /. any one'* 
 characte); aliquem f. et instltuere. Sen. 
 
 Ep. 112, I: V. TO SHAPI-; MOULD. 2. 
 
 conformo, i (strengthened from pre- 
 ced.) : nature proiiuced and f.'d ut for 
 sirme greater purposes, ad majora quae- 
 dam natura nos genuit et c, Cic. Fin. i, 
 7. 2}. F i g. : tof. (me's soul and mind 
 by reflecting on distinguished men, 
 animum et mentem cogitatione bomi- 
 iium excellentium c, Cic. Arch. 6, extr. 
 3. f igiiro, I : to f. the n orld of a 
 (certain) shape, inundum forma (quad- 
 am) f., Cic: v. TO SHAPE. 4. fingo, 
 finxi, tictum, j (as one moulding clay) : 
 nature herself has f.'d you a great and 
 high-principled man, finxlt te ipsa na- 
 tura magnum hominem et e.xcelsum, 
 Cic. Mur. 39, Co: v. to mould, fashio.v. 
 5. conBngo, 3 (strengthened from 
 preced.) : tof. honey-combs and wax, c. 
 favos et ceras, Plin. 11, 5, 4: tof. (build) 
 nests, nidos c, Plin. : to f. a uord, ver- 
 bum c, Varr. 6, effingo, j: v. ttj 
 fashion. II. To make, produce : 1. 
 eflicio, feci, fectum, 3 : the Mosa fs the 
 island of the Batavi, Mosa insulam ef. 
 Batavorum, Caes. B. (1.4, 10: an island 
 f.s a harf)Our by the prcjrction of its 
 sides, insula portum cf. objectu laterum. 
 Virg. Aen. i, ifto. 2. facio, leci, fac- 
 tum, J ; tof. cohorts, cohortes f., Caes. B. 
 C. J, 87 : to f. an army, cxer< iium t. 
 Veil. 3. constituo, ui, atom, j (to 
 constriKt fry apian): by his advice the 
 triple harbour of Viraeus was f.'d, hujus 
 consilio triplex Piraeci portrs consli- 
 tutus est, Nep. : v. to construct, vsik- 
 BLiSH. III. To arrange troops : instruo, 
 ordino : v. to db.aw tip. As verb reft. : 
 to deploy in order for battle : expllco, 
 avi and ui, atum and Hum, 1 (usu. with 
 refl. pron. or in pass.) : the cavalry began 
 tof. in squadrons, equites se tumiatim 
 ex. coeperunt, Caes. B. C. ;, 93 : before 
 the legions could f. and take up tMeir 
 position, priusquam leglones explicari 
 et conslstere possent, Caes. B. C. 2, 26: 
 the Etruscans hardly had time to f. in 
 line, vix explicandi ordlnls spulium 
 Etruscis fuit, Liv. 2, 46: v. to unfold, 
 deploy. IV. fo constitute (milit. t. 
 t.): Phr.: the .\umidians f'd the left 
 wing, sinistrum a)mu Nunildae tenue- 
 runt, Liv. 30, 33, med.: so that both 
 wings might be f.'d of Africans, ita ut 
 Afrorum'utraque comua essent, Llv. 22, 
 46 : v. to consist of. V. ^n ^^• 
 sense, to enter upon, conceive : 1. ineo, 
 ivi and ii, itum, 4, t'rr. : to f. a plan, 
 consilium in., Caes. : Sail. : Cic. : to f. 
 an alliance with any one, socjetatem 
 cum aliquo in.. Plane, in Cic. Fam. 10, 
 8, med. ; tof. an estimate, aestlm.nlionem 
 in.. Sen. Ben. 3. 8, fin. 2. c^P'o. J 
 (esp. with consilium): v. plan. Phr.: 
 tof. (ambitious) designs u^on a foreign 
 K-ingdoni, peregrinum regnnm mi'lirl. 
 Liv. 1,47, init.: ciinip. Cic Kep. 2. 35, 
 de occupando regno nicllens: simly, 
 regnum affectare, l<lv. 1,46, init.: to J. 
 a frieniiship vith any one, se ad ami- 
 ciliam alicujus conferre; aniicitiam et 
 ciinsuetudinem (intimacy') cum aliquo 
 conjungere, Cic. (v. friendship). 
 
 formal : I. -^luttrr of form : for- 
 malis, e : to dictate af. Utter (a nrcu- 
 lar,) f. epistolam dictare, Swt. Umi. 15 : 
 /. words, f. verba. Cod. .lust. 6, 2 3, 26. 
 Phr.: a meref. jrroceeding, •quod non- 
 nisi dicis caasa [consueludinls gratia] fit : 
 v. FORM (II.). II. -As logical t t. : regu- 
 larhi fonnejl: fi)rmalis,e- not class, in 
 tbisseVise. Phr.: a f .(and perfect) syl- 
 lofiism, syllogismus cum niiuu'ris om- 
 nibus et cum suis tinibus dicius, (Jell. 2, 
 8, meil. III. ITedse in dern'omntr: 
 *nimis accuratus; idee accuralus lU pa- 
 tidum sit(.'). |V. As opp. l<> real; 
 mere matter qf form : Phr.: mertf. 
 iit
 
 FORMALIST 
 
 FORMULA 
 
 F O RTH 
 
 worship, *externum ac fucatum [parum 
 
 sincerum] obsequiuin ; quasi corporis ac 
 
 linguae reverenlia. 
 formalist (»« religion) : no precise 
 
 word: expr. by circuml. : *qui divi- 
 
 narum caeremoniarum diligetitior est; 
 
 ijui In caeremoniis [sacris] quibusdam 
 
 .ite peragendis religionem puiiit. 
 formality: I. ^ formal cere- 
 
 many : 1. ritus, us : to offer sacrifice 
 wUh the f. of the Greek ritual, Graeco 
 
 r. sacra facere, Varr. : Liv. ; v. rite, 
 CEREMONY. 2. justa, orum (only pi. ■■ 
 the f.s required) : to (Kcomplish all the 
 
 f.s, j. omnia perficere, Liv. 9, 8, med. : 
 military /.s, j. militaria, Liv. 24, 48, ad 
 lin. Pbr. : to peiform. divine worship 
 
 'with due f.s, res divinas rite perpetrare, 
 Liv. (rite lieing au ade. form of ritus). 
 II. Of demeanour; stiffness and 
 coldness: expr. by adj. : there was some- 
 thing of f. about his behaviour, even 
 among friends, *etiam inter amicos 
 nonnihil frigidi ac nimis accurati ha- 
 bebat ; parum comis solutusque erat. 
 formally : I. '^ regular form : 
 
 1. rile: V. FORM (II.); DULY. 2. 
 
 dicis causa : v. form (IL). ||. Of 
 behaviour, stiffli/ and coldly: *frigide 
 ac nimis accurate ; parum cum comitate. 
 To enquire f. for a pet son's health, *fri- 
 gide et quasi ex praescripto de alicujus 
 salute (valetudine) quaerere 
 
 formation: I. The act of form- 
 ing or constructing ; 1. conformalio : 
 thef. of words, c. verborum, Cic. 2. 
 fictio (e. g. nominum) Quint. 3. 'i 
 all senses, usu. expr. by verb : ancient 
 grammar explains the f. of each vord 
 by the poet, antiqua grammatica ostendit 
 quemadmodum quodque poeta finxerit 
 verbum, Varr. : in thef. of the character 
 of a youth, *in adolescente formando 
 atque instituendo, etc.: v. to form. 
 II, That H-hich is formed ; construc- 
 tion (objectively): 1. conformatio : 
 what f. of the features can fe more 
 beautifid than that of man ? quae c. 
 lineamentorum humana potest esse pul- 
 chriorf Cic. N. D. i, i8, 47 : thef. of the 
 souly c. animi, Cic. I'usc. 1,22. 50. 2, 
 forma, figiira : v. form, shape. 
 
 formed, '" comps. : tivo-f., biformis, 
 e. g., Janus, Ov.: Hor. Three-f., tri- 
 formis: three-f. Chimaera, tr. Chimaera, 
 Hor. : Ov. Bull-f., tauriformis, e : Hor. 
 former: 1. prior, us: having re- 
 pealed thef. law, he promulgated two 
 new ones, sublata p. lege, duas promul- 
 gavit, Caes. : a bird at that time unique 
 and not seen in f. years, unica tunc 
 olucris nee visa pr. annis, Ov.: v. 
 PRECEDING. 2. supgrior, us (imnu- 
 diately preceding) : in my f. letter, s. 
 Uteris, Cic. : by the death of your f. 
 iiife, morte s. uxoris, Cic. : the proceed- 
 ings of the f. year, s. anni acta, Caes. : 
 mf. times, s. teuiporibus, Caes. : soldiers 
 experienced inf. battles, milites s. proeliis 
 exercitati, Caes. : thus the latter is not 
 joined to the f. {in an argument) nor 
 the f. to the latter, ita priori posterius, 
 posteriori s. non Jnngitur, Cic. 3. 
 pristlnus (oiiginal, olden) : your f. dig- 
 nity and glory, tua pr. dignilas et gloria, 
 Cic. Fam. I, 5, extr.: to retain one's f. 
 disposition towards the Reman people, 
 pr. aniraum erga P. R. conservare, Liv. 
 Jt, 2: the f. custom, pr. consuetude, 
 Caes. B. C. 1, 32: to return to one's f 
 state, ad pr. statum redire. B. G. •], 54. 
 N.B.— >Vrm«)- and latter are often expr. 
 
 by ille hie, or hie ille : as, Caesar 
 
 was esteemed great for his bounties and 
 mvnificenc- ; Cato for the uprightness 
 of his life : the f. (Caesar) became re- 
 nowned b<i his kindness and ijompas- 
 si^m; to the latter (Cato), etc., Caesar 
 beneflciis et munificentia magnus lia- 
 bebatur ; integritate vitae Cato; ille 
 mansuetudine et ralsericordia clarus 
 factus, huic, etc , Sail. Cat. 54: but, tlie 
 arrangement is often reversed, esp. when 
 emphasis is laid on the former alterna- 
 tive : as, a sure peace is better and safer 
 than a hoped for victory : the f. is in 
 your oiim power, the latter in that of the 
 ' melior tutiorque est certa pax 
 Jl8 
 
 quam sperata victoria : baec in tua, iUa 
 in deorum manu est, Liv. 50, 30, med. : 
 sometimes hie is even used in both the 
 contrasted clauses : v. Dr. Smith's Lat. 
 Diet. s. V. Hic (4) 
 
 formerly : !• antea (at some par- 
 ticular past time) : if it was f. un- 
 known, it has lately been ascertained, si 
 antea fuit ignotum, nuper est cognitum, 
 Cic. Off. 2, 7, 2; a man both praised f, 
 and at this time deserving of praise, vir 
 et a. laudatus, et hoc tempore lau- 
 dandus, Cic. Phil. 10, 6, ij : there wasf. 
 a time, fuit a. tempus, Caes. 2. aiitfi- 
 hac (before this present time) : you 
 salute me mare kindly now than /., 
 magis me benigne nunc salutas quam 
 antidhae (archaice), PI. : /. we could at 
 least hope : now even that is taken from 
 us, a. sperare saltern licebat ; nunc etiam 
 id ereptiim est, Cic. Fam. 12, 2?, med. 
 3. aliquando (at some time, past or 
 future) : v. oNCE, sometime. 4. olim 
 (in olden time: less freq. used of the 
 future : esp. in the poets) so people f. 
 spoke, sic o. loquebantur, Cic de Or. 2, 
 4J, 18} : Ter. 5. quondam (also used 
 of the future by the poets) : the Roman 
 people wasf. deemed most lenient to its 
 enemies, P. H. quondaiu in hostes lenis- 
 simus existimabatur, Cic. R. Am. 5J. 
 1 54 : v. once. 6. dudiim (usn. but 
 not always, a short time before; just 
 now) : me uhirrn f. no missiles alarmed, 
 quem duduni non uUa movebant tela, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 726. 
 
 formidable : 1. gravis, e (most 
 
 gen. term) : a f. foe to the empire, g. 
 adversarius imperii, Cic. Off. 5, 22, 86: 
 a moref. enemy, gravlor hostis, Liv. 10, 
 18, med. : /. K-ars, g. bella, Cic. Kep. i, 
 40: the f. Persians, g. Persae, Hor. 
 2. formidOlosus (fraught with dan- 
 ger and alarm) : a most f. luar, bellum 
 formidolosissimum, Cic. in Pis. 24. 58: 
 Sail. Join: horribilis ac formidolosus, 
 Cic. Clu. J, 7. 3. formidabilis. e (to 
 he dreaded: rare, and chiefly poet.): 
 Ov.: Gell. 4. expr- by ger. part, of 
 metuo, timeo, formido as,/. <m account 
 of thine unerring shaft, nieiuendus 
 certa sagitte. Hor. Od. i, 12, 24 (v. to 
 fear) ; or by tluior, formido, and a 
 verb: ivhat appears f. to .'<ome is despised 
 by others, *quae alteri tiniori sunt [tim- 
 orem injiciuntj ab altero contemnuntur : 
 
 V. FEAR (subs.). 
 
 formidably: formidolose: Cic: V. 
 
 FEARFULLY, DREADFULLY. 
 
 formless : i- e- without definite form. 
 1. informis, e : a dumb or /. thing, 
 res muta aut inf, Auct. Her. 4, 5J, 66; 
 V. SHAPELESS. 2. riidis, e (un wrought, 
 in the rough) : a f. and orda-kss viass, 
 r. indigestaque moles, Ov. Met. I, 7. 
 
 formula : i. e. a form of tvords : 
 1. formQla : most gen. term : there 
 are formulae droivn up on all points, 
 sunt f. de omnibus rebus constitutae, 
 Cic. R. Cora. 8, 24: formulae of wills, 
 f. testamentorum, Cic. de Or. i, J9. 
 extr.: to make a demand of the prae- 
 tor according to the legal /., a praetore 
 ex f. postulare, Cic. yuint. 8, Jo. 2. 
 actio (used of the f. by which an action 
 ii.as entered) : the formulae ef action 
 being first published by Cn. Flavins, 
 expositis a Cn. Flavio primum a., Cic. 
 de Or. 1, 41, 186: mxn-e was claimed of 
 him (he said) than ivas stated in the 
 f. of action, plus secum agi. quam in 
 a. esset, Cic. de Or. I, J7, extr. : to 
 name the f. of action, a. edere, Ulp. 
 Other formulae appertaining to actions 
 were praescriptio, exceptio, replicatio, 
 V. Diet. Ant. s. v. action. 3. car- 
 men, inis, n. (laws and prayers being 
 anciently composed in verse): that the 
 praetor might not have to say something 
 of his own suggestion, af. was composed 
 for him likewise, praetor ne aliquid ipse 
 ex se loqueretur, ei quoque c. compo- 
 situm est, Cic. : to go through the pre- 
 liminary f., praefari carmen, Liv. 5, 41 : 
 formulcue for inflicting torture, cruci- 
 atus c., Cic. Rab. perd. 4. i j. 4. verba, 
 orum : prescribe the f. according to 
 which I am to devote myself, praei v. 
 
 quibus me devoveam, Liv. 8, 9: to drata 
 up the f. (of an oath), v. ( Jurisjurandl) 
 concipere, Liv. 7, 5 : the pronouncing of 
 a prescribed f, nuncupatio soliennium 
 v., Val. Max. 5, 10, i. 5. praetatio 
 ( preliminary or inaugural) : the f. of 
 donation, p. donationis, Cic. Verr. }, 80, 
 187: thef. of sacred rites, p. sacrorum, 
 Liv. 45, 5. 6. perscriptio (a written 
 form) : cf. Cic. Fam 5, 2, 2- 
 
 formulary : album (the book contain- 
 ing the praetor's edicts) : *liber formula- 
 rum s. verborum soliennium: v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 fornicate: 1. scortor, i: Pi.: 
 
 Ter. 2. tornlcor, i : Tert. 
 fornication : fomicatio (not class.) : 
 
 Tert. : V. DEBAUCHERY. 
 
 fornicator: 1. scortator: Hor.: 
 PI. 2. fornicator: Tert.: v. de- 
 bauchee. 
 
 forsake: 1. desero, 3: v. to de 
 sert. 2, derelinquo, destituo : v. K 
 abandon. 3, deficio, feci, fectum, } 
 (esp. with ab) : to f. the republic, a re- 
 publica d., Cic. Cat. i, 11, 28 : to f. vir- 
 tue, a virtute d., Cic. Am. 11, 37. 4, 
 discedo, cessi, cessum, j (with ab) : the 
 soldiers f. him on the march, milites in 
 itinere "ab eo d., Caes.: v. to leave 
 5, desolo, I (to leave alime cr soli- 
 tary : ' poet.) : chiefly in p. part, deso- 
 latus, Virg. ; Ov, : v. desolate. 
 
 forsaker: expr. by verb: v. TO FOE- 
 SAKE. 
 
 forsooth: I. indeed, in reality: 
 vere, gnimvero : v. truly. ||. Ironi- 
 cally, implying that the thing is not 
 so : 1. scilicet : /., we are to nail 
 for the legal live years, s. exspectemus 
 legitimum illud quinquennium, Cic 
 Verr. 2, 58, 142: v. of course. 2. 
 nempe (esp. in answering an expressed 
 or implied question) : in ivhat city, 
 pray, do they maintain this ? /., in 
 that which witnessed the capital trial 
 of M. Horatius, in qua tandem urbe 
 haec disputant.' in ea quae judicium de 
 eipite vidil M. Horatii, Cic. Mil. i, 7 : i 
 know now what you want ; you want vi6 
 to go away from here, /., scio jam quid 
 veils ; n. hinc me abire vis, PI. Merc. 4 
 4, J6. 3. sane : lie tias conferred a 
 great favour, f., beneticium magnum s. 
 dedit, Phaedr. j, 1 5. 1 2 : v. indeed. 4 
 vero (rare in this sense) : /., it is not so 
 much they (your muscles) that are dead 
 as you yourself, fool .' non t. tam isti 
 mortui quam ipse, nugator I Cic. Sen. 9, 
 27 : distinguished praise, /., ye win, 
 egregiam v. laudem refertis, Virg. 5. 
 quippe : /., / am forbidden by the fates, 
 q. vetor fatis, Virg. Aen. i, J5 yes, /, 
 that luminary of the senate disturbs me, 
 movet q. me lumen curiae, Cic. Mil. 12, 
 extr. 6. autem (in emphatic ques- 
 tions) : shall I not touch my own f thine, 
 /., scoundrel! ego non tangam meam? 
 tuain autem, furcifer? Ter. Eun. 4, ^, 
 28 : you will cross over into Africa : will 
 cross, /., do I say f in Africam trans- 
 cendes: tianscendes, autem, dico? Liv. 
 21, 44, ad fin. 7. demum (denot- 
 ing little more than emphasis, and gen. 
 used with pronouns) : but now in what 
 /., (pray), does exile differ from con- 
 stant travelling, j&m vero exilium quan- 
 tum d. a perpetua peregrinatione dif- 
 feri.? Cic. I'usc. 5, 37, 107: i/ou, /., as 
 / see, repeal the law ivithout balloting, 
 vos demum, ut video, legem antiquatis 
 sine tabella, Cic. Leg. j, 17, 38. 
 
 forswear : \. J'o renounce on 
 
 oath : v. to abjure. ||. To swear 
 falsely : pejero or perjiiro : v. to per- 
 jure. 
 
 fort : castellum : / have taken and 
 destroyed many f.s, multa c. cepi, multa 
 vastavi, Cic. ; to takef.s by storm, c. ex- 
 pugnare, Nep. : to prevent tlie approach 
 if the enemy by means off.s and works 
 ailitus hostium castellis et operibus pro- 
 hibere, Cic. : v. fortress. 
 
 forth (adr.) : |, Of place : fSras 
 (after verbs of motion) : v. OUT, abroad. 
 Often expr. in Latin by a prep. In comp, 
 as. to gof., exeo, excedo, egrfidior : v. to 
 GO : to sally f., erumpo : where bee the
 
 FORTHCOM ING 
 
 FORTUN E 
 
 F O R W A K n 
 
 eevpral verbs. ||. 0/ tivte : as, from 
 that day /., indC : from lluit day f. (/ 
 undertook) many (causes), deiiic-.ps i. 
 mullae (causae), C'ic. Br. 90, }I2: v. 
 
 THENCEFOKWAED. |||. (>/ SUCCeSSion : 
 
 and so /., et cetera (rarely, cetera) : 
 (;ic. 
 
 forthcoming : on the point of ap- 
 pearing, •quod in co est ul prudeat: to 
 be /., i. e., to appear, be produced, cora- 
 parere. Cic. Clu. 64, 180. 
 
 forthwith; 1. prnilnus: after 
 this drfeat the auxiliary troops ftrrsook 
 him /., e.\ hac luga pr. au.xilia discesse- 
 ruiit, Oaes. B. G. ;, 17 : speeih that 
 wins the good-will of the hearer f., oratio 
 pr. perficiens audilortm benevolura, 
 Cic. Iiiv. I, 15, 2o. 2. extemplo: he 
 blushes ; he knous not t'-hat to anstver ; 
 he Aas nothing vhich lie can invent f, 
 erubuscit ; quid respondeat nescit ; quid 
 finaiat ex. non liabet, Cic. R. Coin, j, 8 ; 
 vMr must be carried on /., bellum ex. 
 gerendum, Liv. 41, i. 3. ilicet (poet. : 
 anciently =: you may go, all is orer) : f. 
 we are overuhdmed by numbers, 1. ob- 
 ruimur numcro, Virg. Acn. 2, 424: /. 
 the devouring flame is rolled to the 
 house-tops by tli/; wind, i. Ignis cdax 
 summa ad fa-stigia vento volvitur, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 758. 4. confestim, stitira, 
 continue ; v. ijiMKDiATELr. 
 
 fortieth : quadrageslmus : Cato : 
 Cic. 
 
 fortification: 1. iriunltio (used 
 both ot the operation and the w<rrks con- 
 structed) : to hinder the soldiers from (the 
 twrfc of)f., milites a m. prohibere (=a 
 muniendis caslris), Caes. B. G. i, 49: in 
 the course of the f. of a town, in m. op- 
 pidi (= in muniendo oppido), Suet. : to 
 enclose a city with icorks and f.s, ( ur- 
 bem) operilms munitionibustiue sepire, 
 Cic. Phil. I ;, 9, 20 : f.s and forts, m. et 
 castella, lac. 2. moenia, ium (esp. 
 the foi tified tvalls of a city) : to sur- 
 round cities with f.s, urbes moenibus 
 cingere, sepire, Cic. : vx open a way 
 through the f.s of the city, m. pandimus 
 urbis, Virg.: v. wali. 3. nuini- 
 mentrnn (any work of defence) : the 
 trench of the Quirites, no insignificant 
 /., fossa Quiritiuni, baud parvum m., 
 Liv. I, }} : to kfep the soldiers within 
 the f.s, coercere intra m. militem, Tac. 
 H. 2, 18: Caes. 4. munimen, inis, n. 
 (= precpd., but poet.) : Virg. : Ov. 
 
 fortifier: 1. munitor: thef. of 
 Troy (Apollo), m. Trojae, Ov. Her. 5, 
 IJ9: Tac. 2. expr. by verb: v. to 
 
 FORTIFr. 
 
 forti&: 1. rnunio, 4: to f. a 
 citadel, arcem m., Nep. to f. a camp, 
 castra m., Caes.: to f. a mountain. 
 montem m., Caes. Fig.: nature liad 
 already f.'d Italy by means of thf, Alps, 
 Alpibus Italiam munierat ante natura, 
 Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, init. Fig.: to f. 
 oneself against shame, se contra pu- 
 dorem m.,Tac. Agr. 46: Cic. 2. com- 
 munio, 4 (to f completely) : to/, a camp 
 on etKry side, or strongly, castra c, Liv. 
 2, 52 : to f a hillock on every sii-lc, 
 tumulum c, Caes. B. C. i, 4}. 3. cir- 
 cumnifinio, 4 (to /. all round) : f.'d on 
 every side ivith numerous works, crebris 
 castellis circummuniti, Caes. B. G. 2, jo. 
 4. permunio, 4 (to /. thoroughly) : 
 the Delphians tlwroughlyf.'d their city, 
 nrbem Delphi penimnivere, Just. 24, 7 : 
 Tac. 5. emunio, 4 (strengthened 
 
 from munio) : to f. a place Wee a cita- 
 del, locum in niodum arcls e., Liv. 24, 
 21, ad fin.: Virg. Fig.: to /. the 
 mind, animum e., Sen. 6. praemunio, 
 4 (to f. in front, or beforehand): he f.'d 
 the approaches in front by great works, 
 aditus niagnis operibus praemunivit, 
 Cic. B. C. J, 58 : he resolved to f. the 
 isthmus in front (or beforehand), 
 isthmum pr. iiislitult, Caes. B. C. J, 55. 
 (But praemunire regalem potentiam. 
 Veil. 2, 6, is to pave the way to regal 
 power.) 
 
 fortitude: 1. fortitude: /. is 
 the thoughtful encountering of dangers, 
 and enduring of hardships, f. est con- 
 aidcrata periculonim susceptio, et la- 
 
 Ixirum perpessio, C'ic. inv. 2, 54, i6j. 
 2. expr. by adj. or aiii: ; foreis, 
 forliter : in straitened circumstances 
 show your spirit and f, rebui angusiis 
 animosus atque f. appare, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 
 21, extr. : a man of the greatest f. in re- 
 sisting audacity, vir ad audaciam fortis- 
 simus, Cic. K. Am. ?o, 8; : to bear with 
 f. ajid patience, forliter et patlenter 
 ferre, Cic. : v. krave, bkavki.y. 
 
 fortified (p/irt. adj.): manitus: a 
 very strongly f. camp, casira muiiitis- 
 sima, Caes. : very strongly /., permu- 
 nitus, Liv. ,-1 / place or town may be 
 expr. by arx, castcllum; and some- 
 times oppldum (which is also used of 
 toii-ns in general) cf. Varr. 5, )2, "J141 : 
 oppidum ab opi dictum, quod munitur 
 opis causa. 
 
 fortnight : ^emestrium (lit. half a 
 month): Col. II, 2. 
 
 fortress: I. ^ stronghold: arx, 
 castelluni : v. fort, ciTAnEl,. ||. A 
 fortified town : v. fortified. 
 
 fortuitous : fortuitus (i or I) : /. 
 concourse (of atoms), f. concursus, Cic. 
 X. D. 2, 24, 66 : Hor. : v. accidental. 
 
 fortuitously : fortuito (: or I) : not 
 undesignedly nor /., non temere nee f., 
 Cic: Caes.: Juv.: v. accidentally. 
 
 fortunate: 1. IcUx, icis: raesar 
 ■withdrew to Alexandria, f ., as he seemed, 
 at least to himself, Caesar Alexandriam 
 se recepit, f., ut slbi quidem videbatur, 
 Cic. Phil. 2, 26, 64 : cf. Id. Font. 15, j 5, 
 vir ad casum fortunamque felix. J o i n ■ 
 feUx et faustus, Lucr. : v. i.lckv, suc- 
 cessful. 2. fortunatus (favoured by 
 fortune) : 1 am both unhafrpy andf, et 
 "miser sum et f., PI. Capt. 5, j, 16 : O f. 
 republic .' f. rempublicam, Cic. Cat. 2, 
 4, 7 : Virg. : Hor. 3. prosperus : v. 
 PKOSPERons. 4. secundus : v. fa- 
 vourable. 5. l>eatus,p€rbeatus(t)er]/ 
 
 /.) : V. HAPPY. 
 
 fortunately : 1. feliciter totu m 
 
 outf., rbeiie atque] f. evenire, Cic. Mur. 
 init. : Caes. 2. l>ene : to turn outf, 
 b. cedero, Hor. : Cic. (v. supr. 1). 
 
 fortune; I. The goddess so called: 
 ForlOna : a child of F., Fortunae tilius, 
 Hor. S. 2, 6, 49 : to dread F.'s uheel, For- 
 tunae rotam pertimescere, Cic. in Pis. 
 10, 22. II, Issue, chance; whether 
 good or ill : \, fortunn : good or bail 
 /., prospera (secunda) adversave f., Cic. : 
 'flourishing (highly prosperous) f, florens 
 "f.,Cie. :prostrate (or depressed) /..afBicta 
 f., Cic. : when used without an adj., it is 
 usu. taken in good sense : while f. lasted, 
 dum f. fuit, Virg. 2. felicitas (good 
 f.): in a first-rate general there should 
 be these four things ; knowledge of war, 
 bravery, authority, good /., in summo 
 imperatore, quatuor has res inesse opor- 
 tere; .scientiam rei militaris, virtutem. 
 auctoritatem, f., Cic. Manil. 10, 28 : by 
 incredible good /., the S. wind changed 
 toa S. W., incredibili f. Auster in Afri- 
 cum se vertit, Caes. B. C. }, 26, fin. 3. 
 fors, sors, casus : v. chanxe, lot. |||. 
 A fortune : the total of a man's pro- 
 perty : 1. res familiaris : u-hfn Iheir 
 private f.s were exhausted, ubi f. res de- 
 fecerant, Sail. Cat. i j : the private f. of 
 one of them is very scaiity : that of the 
 other barely enough for a knight, res f. 
 alteri eorum valde exigua est ; alteri 
 vix equestris, Cic. Fam. 9, i j : to squan- 
 der one's /., rem f. dissipare, Cic. Fam. 
 
 4, 7, fin. Res is also found in same 
 sense, with privata, patria ; or absol. : 
 their extravagance neither their private 
 f.s can sustain, nor can the comm/m- 
 Health, sumptus neque res privatae 
 possunt sustinere, neque respublica, Cic. 
 Att. 9, 7, nved. : birth and worth iiith- 
 out af. are not worth a straw, et genus 
 et virtus nisi cum re vilior alga est, Hor. 
 
 5. 2, 5, 8: to make, possess, increase, a 
 /., rem facere, habere, augere, Cic: a 
 
 splendid /., r. magna, Hor. : a humble 
 /., r. tenuis, Hor. lip. i, 20, ;o: narrav 
 /., r. angusta domi, Juv. j. 165 : to waste 
 
 one's f., r. patriam perdere, Hor. S. i, 4, 
 
 no: to siuaVoif np("run through") a 
 
 with reference to the quinquennial cen» 
 sus): a man witliout a character and 
 without af. homo sine existimatione et 
 sine c, Cic. Fl. 22, 52 : their private f, 
 was scanty, that of the communneaXth 
 large, privatus illis c. erat bn-vits com- 
 mune magnum, Hor. Od. 2, 15, i\:f 
 aiiards honours, f. friendships, dat c 
 honores, c. amicitias Ov. Fast, i, 217 : a 
 man of slender *"., homo tenui c, Hor. 
 Kp. I, 7, 56. S. divitiae, Opes, fa«-ul- 
 tates, bona (v. riches): to make a /, 
 divltias 1., PL; d. parare (comparare), 
 Justin.: Ov. (v. TO i;et): possessittg a 
 moderate /., modicus facultatibus, Plin. 
 Fp. 6, J2, 2 : frugality with conteidment 
 is a /., divitiae grandis homini sunt 
 vivere parce aequo aninio, Lucr. (com 
 pare, parsimonia est magnum vectlgal, 
 Cic. Par. 6, }, 49) : not to be able to get 
 through their f. v.'ith all their extrai-a- 
 gani'e, summa lubidine divlilxs vincr-re 
 (a strongly tig. e.vpri'Ssion) ne<iuire,SalL 
 Cat. 20 : comp. bona patria lacerare, ib. 
 14. 4. patrimonium, hgreditas (in 
 herited f.) v. patrimony, inheki- 
 tance. 5. dos. dotis, /. (/. of a in>- 
 nuin) : V. DOWRY. P h r. : to tell fx, 
 hariOlor, i : v. fortune-teller ; TO 
 divine. 
 
 fortune-hunter: captator: Hor. S. 
 
 2, 5, 57 : Juv. : V. legacy-hunter. 
 
 fortune-teller : 1. soniicgus : 
 used contemptuously by Cic. I>iv. i 58, 
 init. : Lucan. 2. harusp<x, ids (a 
 soothsayer: q. v.): trarelling fj, h. 
 vicanl. Vet. poet, in Cic. Div. I. c. 3. 
 hari61us,/.-a: Cic N. I), i, 20, 55: PL 
 4. coniector, /.-trix: Cic. Div. L 
 c. : N'. D. 1. c 5. divlnus (a pro- 
 phet): I stand by (and watch) tlie ,1 J, 
 assisto divinis, Hor. S. i, 6, 114: but in 
 Cic. Div. 1. c, the word is used iu con- 
 trast with the appellations of vulgar 
 f.s. 6. sag'' (« " **« woman) : Cic. : 
 Hor. 7. anus, lis (lit. an old ivoman : 
 hence to be used only when the context 
 explains); cf. Hor. S. I, 9. jo fatum 
 quod puero cecinit uirind mold anus 
 umd. Phr. : to practise ttie trade of a 
 /., quaestus causa hariolari, Cic. Div. i, 
 58, init. 
 
 fortune-telling; harioiatio: Att. 
 
 in Cic. liiv. I, 31, 66. Or expr. by ha- 
 riolor, divino: v. preced. art. /71. : and 
 TO predict. 
 
 forty; quadraginta. Distrib., quad- 
 rageni, ae, a, /. each, Cic f. times, 
 qu.vlragies, Cic. : measuring f, quadra- 
 denarius, Cato : Vitr. : a ward iff. years, 
 quadragenarius pupillus, Sen. 
 
 forum : f Oram : Cic : Hor. Of or 
 pertaining to the /.. forensis, e : the 
 railing of thef., forenses cancelli, Cic. 
 
 forward, forwards (adv.): 1. 
 of plac : oftenest e.\pr. by a prep, m 
 comp. : as, to gof, pergo ; tofallf., prO- 
 cido ; to throw f, projicio, etc, where v. 
 TO CO, fall, etc. 2. porro : to drive 
 
 a herdf, agere p. armentum, Liv. I, 7 
 to persist in going /., ire p. pergere, 
 Liv. 9, 2, ni€d. 3. prorsus or prorsum 
 (straight /"., as opp. to tiackivards) : 
 baclcuard's andf, rursum prorsum, Ter. 
 Hec. J, I, J5 : he walks not f.s but side- 
 ways as a crab does, non prorsus vcrum 
 ex transvorso cedit, quasi cancer, PL Ps. 
 4, I, 54. 4. •'"•* ('"'"■e in this sense): 
 to wcUk not /.s but backivards. non a. 
 sed retro ingrodi, Cic. Tusc 5. 12, i$. 
 Phr.: backwards andf, uliro citroque : 
 u'Ae» ambassadors uere being frequently 
 sent backuards and f, quum sa.-pe u. 
 c.que legati inter eos milterentur, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 42: Cic: sometimes without 
 the conj. : going up and ilomi, liack- 
 tvards and /., sursum deorsum. ullro 
 citro commeantibus. Cic N. I>. 2, J?. 84: 
 also, hue illuc (to and fro, hither and 
 thither): from this time fj. Jam inde, 
 Ter. : Liv! (v. from, C./iti.) :foniards ! 
 as an exclamation, perh. proct^Je, pro- 
 cedite (v. td 00 forwards). 
 
 forward (adj.) • I. Early: pra©- 
 cox : V. PBFxXicioiS. II. Ctir-crm- 
 
 fident : 1. prCtervus: v. pert, wan- 
 ton. 2. urbanus (rare in this sense): 
 
 f., rem comedere. devorare, Cic Fam. _. - j , rw- 
 
 II, 21. Z. census. "S. »"- (strictly /. (totwi-bred) assurance, n.audacla, etc.
 
 FORWARD 
 
 FOTTN D ER 
 
 FOUR-SQUARE 
 
 Prov. Cons. 4, 8 : a f.face {impudence), 
 n. frons, Hor. Kp. 1, 9, 11. 
 
 forward ("•)•• I. To send on: 
 perfero, defero, trado: v. to con^-et, 
 DELIVER. II, 'I'o promote: acyuvo, 
 juvi, turn, I (also reg.) : Pompey unshed 
 me to come to Capua and f. the levy, me 
 Pompeius Capuam venire voluit et de- 
 lectum a., Cic. : v. to aid, promote. 
 
 forwardness: I. Preparedness: 
 expr. by phr. ; when the wall seemed to 
 have reached a sufficient stage of /., 
 cum satis altitudo mnri exstructa vide- 
 retur, Nep. ; t)ve work is in a good stale 
 off., *jam paene profligatura opus est. 
 II, Want of modesty : urbana frons, 
 pro*"rvTtas: v. forward, adj. (H.) ; 
 iMPLKiiNCE. Ill, Earliness: unna- 
 
 tural /., festinata maturitas, Quint. 6, 
 pref. 5 10. 
 
 fosse ; fossa, Caes. : Cic. : v. ditch, 
 
 MOAT. 
 
 fossil : fossilis {dug out of the, 
 ground): f. ivori/, f. ebur, Plin. }6, 18, 
 29. As scieiit. t.'t., perh. best qualified 
 by quern (quam, quod) dicunt, etc. : /. 
 shells, *fossiles quae dicuntur conchae. 
 
 foster: foveo, nutrio: v. to cherish, 
 
 KOCBISH. 
 
 foster-brother: 1. coliacteus: 
 Hyg. {fem. coUactea, Juv. 6, J07). 
 2, collactaneus: Paul. Dig. 40, 
 2, I J. 
 
 foster-child : alumnus, /. alumna 
 (one brought up or nursed by any one) : 
 
 V. NURSELING. 
 
 fosterer: perh. cuitor: v. cdlti- 
 VATOR. Or expr. by qui fovet, etc.: v. 
 
 TO CHERISH, CULTIVATE. 
 
 foster-father : 1. nutricius 
 
 (-tius) : on account of the minoriti/ oj 
 the boy, hisf., a eunuch named Pothinus, 
 acted as regent, erat in procuratione 
 regni, propter aetatem pueri, n. ejus, 
 nomine Pothinus, Caes. B. C. i, 108 : 
 Varr. 2. n"t"tor : Suet.Gr. 7. 3. 
 altor: Bacchus, rejoicing to regain his 
 f. {Silenus), ga"deiis a. recepto Bacchus, 
 
 Ov.: V. NODRISHER. 
 
 foster-mother: 1. nutrix: the 
 she-wolf best of f.s, optima nutricura 
 lupa, Hor. : Ov. : 'v. nurse. 2. altrix ; 
 Prop. Fig.: {Athens) at once the parent, 
 f., and country of her citizens, eadem 
 terra parens, altrix, patria civium, Cic. : 
 V. NOURisHKR. 3. ediicatrix (sAe t/iot 
 rears): Col.: Inscr. Fig.: wisdom, 
 the parent andf. of those things, eanim 
 rerum parens e.que sapientla, Cic. Leg. 
 I, 2?, 62. 
 
 foster-parents : alt«res, nutritores : 
 y, preced. art. 
 
 foster-sister: coUactea, collactanea: 
 
 V. FOSTER-BROTHER. 
 
 foster-son: alumnus: v. FOSTER- 
 CHILD. 
 
 fostering (adj.) .- abnus {that nou- 
 rishes) : f. Venus, a. Venus, Lucr. i, i : 
 Hor.: Tib. 
 
 foul («•)•■ 1. <^"T0' »■ Enn. in 
 Cic. Tusc. I, i$, 85: Lucr.: v. to be- 
 foul. 2. expr. by circumL, immun- 
 dum facere.'reddere (v. foul). 
 
 foul {idj.)-- I. Lit.: dirty, be- 
 grimed, offensive: 1. foedus {offen- 
 sive in any way) : a head f. with scurf, 
 caput porrigine f., Hor. : a f. smell, f. 
 odor, Plin.- v. filthy, disgusting. 2. 
 teter (taet-), tra, trum {noisome, loath- 
 some : a strong term) : /. aspect, t. as- 
 pectus. Lucr. 2, 510: af. smell, t. odor, 
 Caes. B. C. i, 49 : v. loathsome. 3, 
 immundus, lutulentus, etc^: v. dirtv, 
 FILTHY. To be /., squalere : e. g., of 
 untilled, overgronn fields, Virg. G. i, 
 SOI. II. Fig.: heinous, abomina- 
 
 ble : 1. foedus (v, supr.) : a f. deed, 
 f. factum, facinus. Ter. Join: neque 
 tetrius iie^ue foedius, Cic. Rep. 2, 26. 
 2, teter (v. supr.) : a f. crime, t. 
 facinus, Cic. : /. lust, t. libido, Hor. 3. 
 'inquinatus (poM«te(i): v. filthy, pol- 
 luted. III. 0pp. to honest ; fraudu- 
 lent : f. play, dolus malus, Cic. : Ulp. 
 Dig. 4, J. I : to try to compass one's ends 
 byf. play, dolis atque fallaciis conten- 
 dere, Sail. Cat. II : to suspect f. play, 
 
 doli mail nonuihil subesse suspicari: 
 310 
 
 by fair means if you can : if not by f. 
 (lit. by any means), recte si possis ; si 
 non quocunque modo. Hor. Ep. i, i, 
 65 : V. dishonest. IV. In naut. phr., 
 to fall foul of : incurrere, illidi, collidi : 
 V. TO fall (foul of) 
 
 foully : 1. *°ede : tkey f. stained 
 the altar mth blood, aram f. turparunt 
 sanguine, Lucr. : to perish /., f. perire. 
 
 Sail. : V. DISGRACEFULLY. 2. turpi- 
 
 ter: v. basely, shamefully. 
 foul-mouthed : maledicus, scurrilis : 
 
 v. ABUSIVE, SCURRILOUS. 
 
 foulness: I. Lit.: foedltas: /. 
 
 of smell, f. odoris, Cic. : v. filthiness. 
 
 II. Fig.; 1, foedltas: /. of 
 
 mind't animi, Cic. Off. J, 29, 105. 2. 
 
 obscaenitas : v. obscenity. 
 
 found («•) ■• I. To lay the foun- 
 datian of, to establish: 1. condo, 
 didi, dituni, j : to f. a city, urbem c, 
 Cic. : to f. colonies, colonias c. Veil 
 (more regular phrases, coloniam de- 
 ducere, mittere, Cic. : v. colony). 2. 
 fundo, I {to lay the foundations bf : 
 morefreq. in fig. sense) to f. an empire, 
 imperium /., Cic. Cat. 4, 9. 19 : to f. a 
 citadel, arcem f.. Virg. : a philosophical 
 system not only f.'d carefully, but also 
 built up, accurate non modo fundata, 
 verum etiam exstructa disciplina, Cic. 
 Fin. 4,1,1. 3. constituo, i, utum, J (to 
 arrange and form) : tof. a town, oppi- 
 dum c, Caes. B. C. i , 1 5 : tof. new tcalls, 
 nova moenia cons., Virg. 4. molior, 
 
 4 {ivith effort) : to f. walls, muros m., 
 Virg. Phr.: arts (or sciences) which 
 are f.'d <m conjecture, artes quae conjec- 
 tura continentur,Cic. Div. i, 14, 24; con- 
 jecture on which divination is f.'d, con- 
 jectura in qua nititur divinatio, Cic. Div. 
 2, 26, init. : points mi which the case is 
 f.'d, ea in quibus nititur causa, Cic. Gael. 
 "10, 25 : so without prep., to be f.'d or 
 truth, veritate niti, Cic. : tof. one's hopes 
 on a thing, spem ponere, coliocare, in 
 allqua re, Cic. : Caes.: v. hope. ||. To 
 mould in metal : fundo, i : v. to cast 
 (IV.). 
 
 foundation: I. Tkegrowndwork 
 of a structure: 1. fundamentum 
 
 (common both in lit. and fig. sense): 
 to lay the f.s, fundamenta Jacere, Cic. : 
 Liv.: foil, by dat. urbi, Liv. i, 12 (but 
 the gen. is the usu. constr.) ; f. locare, 
 Virg. ; f. agere (i. e., to carry the f.s in 
 a certain directimXCic. Mil. 27, extr. 
 Fig.: to lay Vie f.s of peaee, f. pads 
 jacere, Cic. : to lay thef. of a philosophy, 
 fundamentum philosophiae ponere [in 
 aliqua re], Cic. Div. 2, i, 2 : age is planted 
 on thef.s o/2/OM{A,senectusfundamentis 
 adolescentiae constiiuta est, Cic. Sen. 
 18,62. 2. fundamen, inis.n. (poet.): 
 V^irg. : Ov. 3. fundatio (rare) : Vitr. 
 4, substructio {ground-tvork ; esp. 
 of buildings on a large scale) : the depth 
 of the /., altitudo substructionis, Vitr. 
 6, 8, 6 : the greatest care ought to be 
 taken with the /., maxima esse debet 
 cura substructionis, Vitr. : Plin. Ep. 
 (comp. Cic. Mil. 20, 5J. where the term 
 includes the works begun as a whole : 
 so Caes. B. C. 2, 25). 6. sedes, is, /. 
 (poet, or fig.) : we overturn the tower 
 from its deep f.s, turrim convetlimus 
 altis s., Virg.: Rome herself seemed 
 almost torn up from its f.s, mihi ipsa 
 Roma prope convulsa s. suis visa est, 
 Cic. in Pis. 22, 52 : Quint. Phr.: to 
 destroy, overthrow, a city from its very 
 f.s, urbem funditus tollere, evertere,Cic. 
 Fig.: to unfold the f.s of nature, pri- 
 mordia rerum paudere, Lucr. 1, 56 : v. 
 principle. II. An establishment of 
 a pecuniary nature, esp. for education : 
 annul sumptus in alimenta [puerorum, 
 etc.], Plin. Kp. i, 8, 10. 
 
 founder (subs.) : |. one who lays 
 the foundations : 1. conditor,/. -trix : 
 the f. of a city, c. urbis, Suet. : Quint. • 
 of a kingdom or empire, c. regni. Just. 
 Fig.: the f. of Soman freedom, Ro- 
 manae libertatis c, Liv. 8, J4. 2. 
 auctor {chief mover or originator) : 
 Cynthiusf. of Troy, Trojae Cynthius a., 
 Virg. : Hor. : v. author. 3. fnnda- 
 tor (rare) : f. of the city of Praenate 
 
 Praenestinae f. urbis, Virg. Aen. 7, 678. 
 4. creator, /. creatrix (rare in this 
 sense)*: Romulus the great f. of this city, 
 princeps ille c. hujus urbis R., Cic. Bal. 
 1}, 31. 6. parens, nti?. e (only fig.): 
 v. father. II. A worker in molten 
 metal : fusor : Ood. Just. 10, 64. 
 
 founder («•)• 1. perh. pessum 
 eo, abeo ; coinp. PI. Rud. 2, i, 64. 2. 
 submergo, si, sum, j (in pass.) : v. to 
 sink. 
 
 foundery, foundry: *offlcina fu- 
 
 soria. 
 
 foundling : exp6siticiu8 (-tius) ; a 
 female f., ex. puella, PI. Cas. proL 79. 
 
 foundling-hospital : brephetro- 
 
 pheum (-iuni): Cod. Just, i, 2, 19. 
 
 foundress : 1. conditrix : ApuL 
 2, auctor (for the gender, comp. 
 Liv. 40, 4, fin.) : v. founder. 
 
 fountain, fount: fons. fontis, m. 
 {natural or artificial) : a f. of sweet 
 water, f. dulcis aquai, Lucr. : the Nile 
 which hides the sources of its f.s, fon- 
 tium qui celat origines Nilus, Hor. : in 
 front a f. seruis up vater and receives 
 it again, contra f egerit nquam et re- 
 cipit, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, J7. Fig. :«Ae/j; 
 of philosophy, f. philosophiae, Cic. Tusc 
 I, J, extr.: v. SOURCE. Dimin. fonti- 
 ciilus (a small /.) : Hor. : Plin. Ep. 
 Phr.: f.-head of sacred viater, sacrae 
 caput aquae, Hor. Od. i, i, 22: v, 
 
 SPRING. 
 
 four : quatuor (qnatt.) : /. times, qua- 
 ter, Cic. : Virg. : /. each, f. at a time, 
 quaterni, Cic. : Hor. ; quadrini, Varr. : 
 Plin.:/. in measure, quatemarius : as, 
 quatemarius scrobs (Col.), a pit f. feet 
 square : the number f, quaternio (m.), 
 Mart. Cap. ; numtrus quatemarius, 
 Plin. : in or into f. parts, in a f.-fold 
 manner, quadrif ariam, adv., Liv. : Suet. : 
 divided into f. parts, quadripartitus (v. 
 f.-fold) : weighing or holding f. pounds, 
 quadrilibris, PI.: a period off. days, 
 quairiduura, PL: Cic: lasting f. days, 
 quatriduanus, Hier. : lasting f. months, 
 f. iiwnths old, quadrimestris, Varr.: 
 Suet. : a period of f. years, quadrien- 
 nium, Cic. : f. -yearly, lasting f. -years, 
 quadriennis, Aur. Vict.: /. years old, 
 quadrimus : e. g., Cato when f. years 
 old, q. Cato, Cic. : f. -year-old wine, q. 
 vinum, Hor. : /. year-old oxen, q. boves, 
 Varr. : the age of f. years, quadrima- 
 tus, (is, m.. Col. : Plin. : a f. -horse chariot 
 or team, quadrigae, arum, Virg. • Cic. : 
 also, quadrijugus currus, Virg. : tlie 
 drive)- of such a chariot, quadrigarius, 
 Varr. : having f. hands, quadrimanus 
 (-is), Jul. Obs. : tvith f. feH, quadrilpes, 
 p6dis (v. quadruped): to make one's 
 way on otf/.s, quadrupedem se recipere. 
 Suet. Ner. 48, ad fin. : interest at f. per 
 cent., quadrantes usurae, Scaev. Dig. }}, 
 I, 21 } 4. 
 
 four-hundred : quadrlngenti, Cic ; 
 /. hundred at a time, a-piece, qnadrin- 
 geni, Liv. : Suet. ; quadringentem, Vitr. ; 
 Plin. : /. hundredth, quadriiigentesimus, 
 Liv. : /'. hundred times, quadringenties, 
 Cic 
 
 four-cornered : 1. quadratus 
 
 {rertavgular): Hor.; Plin. 2. Va>- 
 driangiilus: Aus. 
 
 four-fold: 1. quadruples, icis: 
 V. QUADRUPLE. 2. quadriiplus : often 
 used in neut. as subs. : to condemn a 
 usurer to restore f., feneratorem con- 
 demnare quadnjpli, Cato, R. R. pref.: 
 to sentence a man to pay f.-fold, judi- 
 cium in aliquem in quadruplum dare, 
 Cic. Verr. j, i}, J4. 3. quadripartitus 
 {divided in f.-fold rvise) : thef. distri- 
 bution of an accusation, q. distribiitio 
 actionis, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 12, extr.: lac 
 As adv., in f. division, quadripartito. 
 Col. Phr.: to yield f.-fold (of crops), 
 cum quarto respondere, Col.: v. fold 
 aiL). 
 
 four-footed: quadnipes, pSdisi v. 
 
 QUADRUPED. 
 
 four-oared: Phr.: a f. -oared 
 
 vessel, boat, quatuor scalmorum naviu 
 (navicula). Veil. 2, 4}. 
 
 four-score : octoginta : V. ElGf T-. 
 
 four-square: quadiatus; v. sqdabb.
 
 FOUR- ST RINGED 
 
 F R A M E R 
 
 FRANTIC 
 
 four-Stringed : tetrachordoB, on : 
 Vitr. 
 
 four-wheeled : P h r. : a/.-whteied 
 
 ehariol. veliiculuiii cum quatuor rotis, 
 
 fourteen : quatuordeclm (quatt.). 
 Suet. : /. times, qualfir defies, Cic. 
 
 fourteenth : <iuartus declmu.s, 01c. 
 
 fourth : quartus : tUe /. jjart of the 
 forces, q. purs aipiarum, Caes. ; also 
 without pars : to yive the tetitkt to xvives, 
 the /.$ to mistresses, dcclmas uxoribus 
 dare, quartan ineretrlclbus, yuint. 8, 5, 
 19 (v. quarteh): of tIescerU or succes- 
 non : tkef.fiom Arcesilas, q. ab Arce- 
 rila, Cic. Acad. 2, 6, i6. h\)r the f. 
 time, quartum : in tlie /. place, quarto : 
 but the distuiclioii betwo«!n these forms 
 was not kept up (v. Gell. lo, l)': thus 
 consul for the f. time might be either 
 consul uuarluui or quarto : beUlugwg 
 to the J., q'mrtjinus : the soldiers of 
 the f. leyion, quartani mlliles, Tac. : 
 a /. part of an as, quailrans, nils, 
 ni. : heir to the f. part of an estate, 
 beres ex quadrante, Sutt. Caes. 8j 
 (i. q. heres ex teruncio, Cic. Att. "], 
 2, )). A f. in music, diatcssiron, 
 Vltr. 5, 4, ad fin. 
 
 fourthly : quarto : v. fourth. In a 
 quailruple or further division of a sub- 
 lect, Cici^ro appears always to prefer 
 turn, deinde, poslea, denlque : v. Tursell. 
 
 8. V. PRIMUM. 
 
 fowl isubs.): I. A u-inged crea- 
 ture : esp. 80 used in pi. : fiying /., the 
 f. of the air, vOlucrea : v. uiau. ||. 
 A diimesticf., gallina : v. hkn. 
 
 fowl ("■ i>'tr.) : aucupor, i (more 
 freq. in fig. sense = to seek after) : 
 Varr. R.R. i,2J: Dig. 
 
 fowler : auceps, aucupis, m. : PI. : 
 Hor. 
 
 fowling (subs.) : 1. aucupium : 
 Cic. Sen. i6, 56 (where perh. the word 
 Ib used in concrete sense =game . cf. 
 id. Fin. 2, 8). 2. expr. by verb : for 
 the sake of hunting or f., venandl aucu- 
 pandive gratia. Dig. 
 
 fox : I. L, ' '• : vulpes, is, /. : 
 
 Hor. : Plln. P r o v. • to yoke f.s, i. e., 
 doaiAiny absurd, v. jungere, Virg. K. j, 
 9 J : thef. changes her coat not her man- 
 ners, V. pilum mutat non mores. Suet. 
 Vesp. l5. Dimin., vulpecuhi, a small 
 /., Cic. Adj., belonging 10 u /., vulpi- 
 nus: a f.'s to»(;ue, lingua vulpina, Cic. 
 P h r. • to set the f. to keep the geese, 
 ovem lupo commitiere, Ter. Eun. 5, i, 
 16. II. F i g. : ^ sly rogue .- astutus 
 (adj.): roguish, cunning, a regular sly 
 /., malus, callidus, ast. adniodum, PI. 
 Am. I, 1, 115. A sly old /., vCtfirator: 
 Ter.; Cic. Comp. also I'ers. 5, li^; 
 astutam servas sub pecture vuljnm. 
 
 fox-glove : * digitalis purpureus : 
 Linn 
 
 fox-hound: catulus.canis: v. hound 
 fox-hunting: vulpium venatio: v 
 
 HUNTING. 
 
 fox-mange : "■ disease .- alopecia : 
 Plin. 
 
 fox-tail: a plant: alopScurus, i,/. .- 
 Plln. 
 
 fraction : I. -^ small part .- pars 
 exigua, perexigu.i, Cic. : not a /., nulla 
 pars, Cic. ; v. i'akt. ||. Arithmet. : 
 fractio, quaedicitur. 
 
 fractious: difficilis, morOsus: V. 
 
 ILI.-TK>I1'KRF.I>. 
 
 fracture (.subs.) .- Med. t. t. fractura, 
 Cels. 8, 10: Calo. Or expr. by verb: 
 in the case of a f. of the shimlder-bune, 
 si quldem humerus fractus, Cels. 8, 
 10, 2. 
 
 fracture ("■)■ esp. as med. 1. 1. : 
 frango, j . Cels. 8, 10 : v. to hrkak. 
 
 fragile: I. Lit.: fiagilis, e: 
 
 the f myrtle, fr. myrtus, Hor. : Virg. 
 
 II, Kig. : fr&gllis, caducus: v. 
 
 FBAIL. 
 
 fragility : frigllllas ; Plin. : V. BRrr- 
 
 TLKN K.SS. 
 
 fragment: I, Lit.: a liroken 
 piece of something : 1. fragnientum 
 J.s of tiles (= broken tiles), tegularum 
 fr., Liv. J4, J9, ad fin. : a f. of stone, 
 fr. la]>idis, Cic N. D. 2, i2. 81. 2. 
 
 fragmen, Tnis, n. (poet, or late) : the f.t 
 of the oars (^= broken oars), fr. remo- 
 rum, Virg. Aen. 10, joj : Suet. 3. 
 fractura (late) : Plin. n, + 21 '5 1« (al- 
 fraciariis). ||. K i k- ; a mutilated 
 portion if a literary vurk : •fragnien- 
 tum • to used by editors in general. 
 Phr. ■ only a few f.s of Knnius have 
 been handed down to tts, *Knnii non- 
 nlsl paiica quaedam ac mutlla exstant 
 (scripta). 
 
 fragmentary : P li r. : a f. history, 
 
 res tarpiini scriptae, comp. .Sail. Cat 4. 
 
 fragrance, fragrancy : 1. suii- 
 vis odus : v. .scknt. 2. suaveOlenlla, 
 Sid. P h r. : lo emit a /., halo, i the 
 cUtars emit a f. from fresh garlands, 
 arae serlis recentibus halant, Virg. : v. 
 
 TO.«>IKI.I.. 
 
 fragrant : 1. suavis : /. flouers, 
 s. (lores, Lucr. : Cic. Join: (odor) 
 suavis et jucundus, Cic : v. sweet. 
 
 2. suaveOlens (poet.) : the f. mar- 
 joram, amaracus s.. Cat. : /. apples, mala 
 s.,-Cat. 3. 61ens (oftener used In bad 
 sense, unsavoury) : f. pastures, ol. pas- 
 cua, Ov. A. A. I, 95: Stat. 4. 6do- 
 riitus : /. tiooit, od. ligna, Virg. ; mostf. 
 flouers, odoratisslnii fiores, Plin. 5. 
 odorifer, fira, firum (poet.) ; Ov. : Prop. 
 
 6 Sdorus: a/, tree, od. arbor.Ov. • 
 Plin. 
 fragrantly: suaviter, suavi odore: 
 
 V. SWEKTI.Y. 
 
 frail (subs.) : a kind of basket, fis- 
 cina, Cic. : Virg. : v. baskkt. 
 
 frail (adj.): 1, fragilis, e: an 
 immortal soul animates a f. body, f. 
 corpus animus sempitemus movet, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 24 : the glory of ricftes and 
 beauty is fleeting and /., divitiarum el 
 formae gloria fluxa et fr. est. Sail. Cat. 
 I. 2. cadiicus (apt to fall and fade 
 airay) : a f. and iveak body, corpus c. 
 et intimium, Cic N. D. i, 15,98. Join: 
 fragilis et caducus, Cic. Am. 2^, 102. 
 3. infirmus, imbe.cillus, etc. : v. 
 FEEBi.K. 4. obnoxius (subject to 
 
 something else ; deperuient): a free soul 
 dwells in this f. tenement, in hoc ob. 
 domicilio, animus liber habitat. Sen. Ep. 
 65, 22: F'lin. 
 
 frailness < imbecillitas, infirmitas, 
 
 frailty (fragllUas: v. FF.EBLF,- 
 
 NESS, weakness. 
 
 frame (subs.) .- |. a structure : 
 
 1. compages. Is,/. : " this universal 
 
 f." (Milt.), c haec mundi, Gell. 6, i : 
 
 imprisoned in this bodily f„ inclusi In 
 
 bis c. corporis, Cic. Sen. 21, 77: v. 
 
 FRAMEWORK. 2. flgura : T. FIGURE. 
 
 (Fabrica membrorum, in Cic. N. Ii. 2, 
 47, 121, appears to be the build or me- 
 chanism of the limbs ; not the bodily f. 
 itself.) Phr.: the bodily f., corpus: 
 V. BOOT. II, Tltat which bouruis and 
 shapes a window, etc. : 1. forma : 
 uork enclosed in wooilen f.s, opus ligiie- 
 Is f. incliisum, Plin. jj, 14, 49. 2. 
 (of a bed) sponda : Ov. Met. 8, 656. 
 III. Temper of mind: \. ani- 
 mus: a right f. of mind toward the 
 Roman people, bonus a. in P. R., Caes. : 
 / am in a perfectly tranquil f. of mind, 
 tranquillissimus (est) animus mens, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 7, med. .• v. >usi>. 2. affectio 
 (state, mode of being affected) : a con- 
 sistent and harmonious f. of mind, af. 
 animi con.st;>ns conveniensque, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, If, 54. 3. habitus (animi, 
 aniniorum : the latter of a number of 
 persons) : Tac. H. i, 8. [» a joyful, 
 gloomy, etc. f. of mind, may be expr. 
 by laetus, laetabimdus ; tristis, etc. : 
 where see the several ailjj. 
 
 frame (I'O •• I. '^o shaj^, construct : 
 fabricop, forrao^ etc. ; v. to fashion, 
 FORJi. II. To draw up a form of 
 
 words : 1. concipio, cepi. ceptum, j 
 to f. an edict, edictum c, Ulp. Dig. 1 3, 
 6, 1 : Cic. has verbis conci(icre. Off. }, 
 29, 108. 2. coinpoiio, J (of a number 
 of laws or other forms): v. to draw 
 UP (II.). III. To put a frame to a 
 picture: (pioturam) in forma includere, 
 Plin. 3?, 14, 49. 
 
 framer : I. Maker, constructor : 
 1 fabricator, /., -trix : the f. of so 
 V 
 
 vast a work (the world), ille f. taod 
 operis, Cic. Tim. 2, med. ■ f. of a stra- 
 tagem, f. doli, Virg. 2. opifex, icla, 
 m. (workman, manvfaeturer) ; the f. 
 and builder of the v.orUi, o. aediticator- 
 qu; mundi, Cic N. D. I. 8, 18 : the gieat 
 f. of the univase, o. Ille rerum, Ov. 
 3. creator: v. creator. ||. one 
 who draws up a law : lalor (strictly, the 
 propose!) : thef. of the .<empronian law, 
 I. legis Semproniae, Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10: 
 cf. Liv. }, jl, fin., quum de legibUB 
 conveniret, de latoie taiitum di»cre- 
 paret. 
 
 framework : 1. compages, is, /. 
 
 (that which 15 fitted and faslmci to- 
 gether) : this f. has t>em cemented by 
 the fortune arul discipline of 800 yea)t, 
 ociingentorum aimorum fortuna disd- 
 plinaque c. haec cjalult, Tac. H. 4. 74 
 v. frame (I.). 2. conipaciio (=. pre- 
 ced.): Vitr. 3. contigniitio (o/" uwid, 
 planks) : a f. of wood to form a pro- 
 tection to the tower, c. quae turn tegl- 
 mento futura esset, Caes. B. C. 2, 9. 4. 
 coiitabiilatlo (fike preced.); Caes. I.e. 
 5. tabulatio : Caes. 6. moles, b, 
 /. (any vast, massive f.): v. pile. 
 
 framing (■■•"bs) •• compacllo : the f. 
 of the limbs together, c membrorum, Olc 
 Mure freq. expr. by fabricor, coofonno, 
 
 etc. • v. TO FRAME, FASHIiiN. 
 
 France: Gallia: Milton. 
 
 franchise : I. ''''it of a cUiten .- 
 1. civitas: v. cmzENSHlP. 2. 
 Jus: tAe Latin f., jus l.,atii; or simply 
 Latimn: v. Diet. Ant. s. v. iMtxnilat. 
 Phr.: the eiectora i /., suffragium ; suf- 
 fragii latio: C. Valerius proposed that 
 they should enjoy the electoral f., C. VaL 
 promulgavil ul lis suffragii latio e-set, 
 Liv. J8, 36 : to confer the electoral /., 
 suffragium dare, inipertirl, Liv. : to de- 
 prive of it, suffragio privare, Cic. Agr. 
 2, 7, 18: v. DisFKANCHrsE. ||. Special 
 exemption from tmrdens : 1. immu- 
 nitas : v. IMMUNITY. 2. jus (with 
 some qualifying voril) : Oie f. am- 
 ferredupon those having three children 
 or more, jus trium liberorum. Dig.: 
 comp. supr. (I.). 
 
 frank : i. e., m>t using reserve : 1. 
 liber, £ra, grum (free, unrestrained): 
 f.est indignation. Uberrima indignatio. 
 Hor. Epod. 4,10: cf. ib. 11, 16 libera 
 bills: v. FREE (I, l,c.). 2. candidus: 
 V. CANDID. 3. iMgenuus (free-tmrn . 
 hence, open, undisguised) : with f. mo- 
 desty to yield the }ialm, i. pudore pal- 
 mam concedere, Plin. cf. .Juv. 11, 154, 
 ingenui vultiis puer, ingenuique pudorls. 
 4. Spertus (undisguised): v. opes. 
 5." simples (without duplicity in 
 word or de>d) : Cic. : v. SIMPLE. 6. 
 sincerus: v. sincere. 
 
 frankincense : tus (thiis), tiiris, n. .- 
 
 Cic. : Hor. Adj., tiireus : t^ie /. shrub, 
 turea virga, Ov. : grains of /., t. grana. 
 Ov. : gifts of /., t. dona, Virg. ; v. w- 
 
 CENSE. 
 
 frankly: 1. Hbfre: T. FREELY. 
 2. candide: v. candidly. 3. 
 ingenue : to ach-noirledge openly and/., 
 aperte atque i. confiieri, Cic 4. 
 aperte: v. openly. 5, sinipllciler: 
 to speak most f. together, simplicisslme 
 inter se loqui, lac H. i. 15. fin. 6. 
 sincere : v. sincerely. Phr.; she shout 
 her wares /.. mercem sine fuels pesUl 
 apert«, Hor. S. i, 2, 8j ; cf. sine fuco et 
 fallaciis. Cic AtL I, i, i«it. •■ to ■nlinte 
 any mie f. and as a fnend. allquem 
 audacter monere et famillariter, I'er 
 Heuut. 1, 1.6. 
 
 frankness: 1- nbertas (ratA<r 
 
 stronger than the Etiglish) : Ov.: Jusl. 
 V. fr"eeik)M, license. 2. candor (of 
 a mind free from prejudice or spite) : 
 Phaedr. prol. lib. J, extr.: Veil.: v. 
 
 prol 
 CANDOUR 3. ingenultas (not so in 
 
 Cic.) : Plin. ;;, 10, j6 ^ 4. 4. slmpli 
 citas : then (over wine) f. unseals the 
 711 i»i(i, tunc aperit mentes 8., Ov. A. A 
 1,241: V. siMPLicrrT. 5. sincfriias 
 v! SINCERITY. Phr.: with /., liber«, 
 sine fucis v. frankly. 
 
 frantic: 1. fanaticus (ma*), 
 
 those sujerstitious and well wg^ f- i«t- 
 JJi
 
 FRANTICLY 
 
 FR E K 
 
 FREEBOOTER 
 
 losoj'hers, isti philosophi superstitiosl 
 et paene f., Cic. Div. 2.51 xiS f. ges- 
 ticulations, {. jacUitio Corp. iris, Liv. jg, 
 J J- 2. lymphatus- (supei-naturally 
 maddened: chiefly poet,.): Join: 
 lymphatus et atlonitus, Liv. 7, 17, ad 
 init.: Hor. 3. lymphaticus (of that 
 which characterizes lymphati ■ v.supr.): 
 /./ear, 1. pavor, Liv. : Sen. 4. amens 
 (beside oneself, distracted) : /. with/ear, 
 a. metu, Liv. 2J, 9, init. : a most / (in- 
 sane) scheme, consilium amentissimum, 
 
 Cic. Att. 7, 10 : v. MAD, MADDENKD. 
 Ph r. ; to be /. with pain, dolore furere, 
 Ov. ; with love, amure furere, Val. Fl. 
 to drive one /., rabidumagere aliquem, 
 
 Cat. ■ V. TO MADDEN. 
 
 franticly : P^rh. best expr. by pres. 
 part, ol furo, } . he shouted out /., *fu- 
 rens (furibundus) vociferatus est . v. to 
 BAGE. Or by adjj., velut fanaticus, lym- 
 phatus, etc. amens may be used adverb, 
 according to L. G. $ l\i : cf. Virg. Aen. 
 2, 7 + J, etc. 
 
 fraternal: fraternus: Cic: Hor.: 
 
 V. BEOTHEKLV. 
 
 fraternally: frateme: Cic. 
 
 fraternity : I. 't>^<'- relation of 
 brothers ■■ 1, gerraanitas . Cic. Lig. 
 II, J?: Liv. 2. fratemltas (rare): 
 f. tvith the Roman people, fr. cum P. R., 
 Fac. Ann. 11, 25 Quint. Decl. ||, 
 An association of men : sOdalitas : the 
 f. n/ the Lupercal brothers, s. germano- 
 rum Lupercorura, Cic. : v. association. 
 Phr. ; the/. 0/ Augustus, sodales Au- 
 gustales, Tac. Ann. i, 54; the Arval /., 
 Arvales fratres, Varr. L. L. 5, 15, 85. 
 
 fraternize : Phr. ■. the soUUers (0/ 
 
 the two armies) were openly /.ing, mi- 
 lites palara inter se li iquebantur, Caes. 
 B.C. 1,72: comp. ib. 74; signa trans- 
 
 ferre adeo ut una castra facta ex 
 
 blnis viderentur, to /. so as to make one 
 camp 0/ two. More generally, amici- 
 tlam societatemque inter sejungere: v. 
 
 FRIENDSHIP, ALLIANCE. 
 
 fratricidal: parricidlalis, e (comp. 
 PARUiciDE, U.) : Arnub. 
 
 fratricide ; I . ^''e murderer : 
 
 1, fratrlcida, m. : Xep. 2. fratiis 
 interfector, Quint. : v. mhrderer. 3. 
 parricida (the murderer 0/ a relative 
 nearly related by blood) : used of Ju- 
 gurtfia, Flor. j. i, 6 cf. ib. i, 5, 6, where 
 the term Is applied to Horaiius. ||, 
 The crim,e : 1. fraternuin parricidium, 
 Cic. Clu. II, Ji ; fratri>. parr., Liv. 40, 
 "4- 2. fraterna nex (poet.) : Hor. 
 Epod. 7, 18. 
 
 fraud : 1. fraus,dis,/. (most gen. 
 term for all/raiidulent conduct) : wrong 
 is done eithe)- by violence or bi/ /., aut 
 vi aut fr. tit injuria, Cic. Off. 1, i J, 41 : 
 the enemy seek an opportunity /or /. 
 and deceit, hostes fr. ac doli occasionem 
 petunt, Caes.- to plan /., fr. moliri, 
 Phaedr. ; fr. struere. Sen. 2. dolus 
 (stratagem, 7nle : in the earlier writers 
 and the Jurists, dolus malus) : fie con- 
 tends by /.s and deceptions, dolis atque 
 fallaciis contendit, Sill. Cat. 11 : by /. 
 a>id treachery, per doluni ac proditio- 
 nem, Liv.: agreements that have been 
 extered into neither through violence nor 
 /., pacta neque vi neque d. malo facta. 
 Edict, praet. in Cic. Off. J, 24, init. : to 
 use no dishonesty, no /.. ne qua fraus, 
 ne quls d. adhibeatur, Cic. Dom. 14, 
 ib. 3. fallacia (chiefly in words): 
 V. DECEPTION. 4. frauilatio (rare) : 
 Vet. lex in Cic. Off. j. 17, 70. 
 
 fraudful : fraudulentus : w uis- 
 HOSEST. 
 
 fraudfuUy: v. fraudulent i.v. 
 fraudulent: 1. frau<iuient,us- 
 /. sales, fr. venditiones, Cic. Off. s, 21, 
 
 8j: v. DISHONEST. 2. dSlOSUS : V. DE- 
 
 CEITFUL. Phr.: a/, transactioti, (inoii 
 fraude, dolo malo fit, Cic. • v. fraud. 
 
 fraudulently : 1. fraudulenter 
 (rare) Col.: PUn. 2. dolo malo 
 
 (legal term): Cic. Off. }, 24, init. 3. 
 diilose : to dn any thing/, or dishonestly, 
 agere quldquam d. aut malitiose. Cic. 
 (In these words Cic. is illustrating the 
 Bense of the legal term, dolus malus, Off. 
 J, 15). 4. contra f'idem: thitigs /. 
 
 done, quae contra f. finnt, Cic. N. D. j, 
 JO, 74: Dig. 5. malii fide; to pos- 
 sess any thing/., aliquid mala f. possi- 
 dere, Paul. Dig. 41, 2, i ^ 6: v. dis- 
 honestly. 
 
 fray : 1. rixa : people flocking to- 
 gettier, a/ and almost a regular battle 
 ensued, concursu hominum r. ac prope 
 proelium fuit, Liv. 2, 8, init. : blood- 
 stained/.s, sanguineae r., Hor. Od. i, 27, 
 
 4. 2. certamen (avy cmitest) .- v. 
 
 COMBAT. 
 
 freak (subs.) : libido : v. caprice. 
 J'hr. : to do a thing by a mere /., ali- 
 quid temere, inconsulte agere, Gic. Off. 
 I, 29, loj: to playoff her insolent /.s 
 (of Fortune), ludum insolentcm ludere, 
 Hor. Od. 3, 29, 50 : a/. 0/ nature, *lusus, 
 qui dicitur, naturae. 
 
 freak ("•) ■■ niaculo, distinguo: v. to 
 variegate. 
 
 freakish : levis, ventosus : V. ca- 
 pricious. 
 
 freakishly : ex libidine : v. capri- 
 ciously. 
 
 freakishness : libido, levitas; v. 
 
 CAPRICE. 
 
 freckle : 1. lentigo, Inis, /. (col- 
 lective : but used both in sing, tmd.pl.) : 
 it covers the /ace ivith /.s, faciem lenti- 
 gine obducit, Plin. : to remove /.s /rom 
 the /ace, lentigines e facie toUere ; 1. 
 corrigere, sanare, Plin. 2. lenticula 
 (used like preced.): toremove/.s, lenti- 
 culam tolk-re, lenticulas curare, Cels. 6, 
 
 5, init. : I'lin. 3. ephelis, idis, /. (a 
 different kind 0/ sun-ntark) ; C'-ls. 1. c. 
 
 4, aestates, nm, /. (summer-marks) : 
 Plin. 28, 12, 50 ^ 185 (al. testas). 
 
 freckled, freckly : lentiginosus, 
 
 Val. Max. Phr.: a /reckle-/aced per- 
 son, cui facies lentigine obductus est : 
 
 v. SUpr. FRECllLE. 
 
 free {a<lj-) ■ I. Enjoying liberty 0/ 
 any kind : 1, liber, gra, erum : (a), in 
 civil sense : in civil law, he who is bom 
 0/ a /. mother, is /., in jure civili, qui 
 est matre 1., liber est, Cic. X. D. 3, 18, 
 45: Liv.: hence, of /reedom /rom tax- 
 ation : lands subject to no burden and/., 
 agri immunes ao 1., Cic. Verr. 2, 69, 166 : 
 /. trade, *commercia immunia ac 1. 
 (b.) of freedom 0/ mind, action, etc. : 
 it has been said that no one is /. but the 
 wise man, dictum est nisi sapientem 1. 
 esse nullum, Cic. : a /. (independent) 
 judgment. 1. judicium, Cic. Dom. 2, 10; 
 /. (un/ettered) pmver 0/ decision, I. arbi- 
 trium, Liv. 51, 11 (only in later Lat. = 
 free-will, August.) : the poet /reer in 
 respect of liberty of language (than the 
 orator), verborum licentia Uberior poeia, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 16, 70: one isf. (to do this 
 or that), alic'ui libenim est (witli inf.). 
 Quint. 6, 5, extr. : Plin. jun. (not Cic). 
 (c). = outspoken, /rank: a/, tongue, 
 1. lingua, PI. Cist, i, 2, 7: a letter 
 someivhat more /. than usual, liber- 
 iores literae, Cic. Att. i, ij, i : a 
 simple, /. youth, adolescens impru- 
 dens et 1., Ter. Eun. j, i, 40 : /reer dis- 
 cvssimi. liberior [in utranique partem] 
 disputatio, Quint. 2. solilius (not 
 
 under restraint or co^itrol : esp. of/ree- 
 dom 0/ mind or language) : very often 
 joined with liber : a /. and un/ettered 
 mirul, s. liberque animus, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 75, 185: /. in the expression 0/ his 
 thoughts, s. in explicandis sententiis, 
 Cic. Br. 47, 7J (but solutus in Cic. not 
 imfreq. = lax, wanting nerve, vigour) : 
 i/ I luere per/ectly /. to act in any way 
 J cfiose, si essent omnia mihi soluiissima, 
 Cic. Fam. i, 9, 8. 3. integer (not 
 
 tampered vxith, independent): a/, and 
 independent judgment, judicium i. ac 
 liberum, Cic. Div. 2, extr. Phr.: a 
 marriage 0/ f. persons, liberate conju- 
 gium, Tac. : one born 0/ /. parents, In- 
 genuus, ingenua, Cic. : Hor. : to become 
 /. (one's own master), de (a) potestate 
 alicujus exire, Ulp. Dig. J7, 4, 1,6: do 
 they call this a /. country, hiccine liber- 
 tatem aiuntaequam esse omnibus.' Ter. 
 Ad. 2, I, 29 : to do a thing 0/ one's onn 
 / will, sua voluntate aliquid facere, Cic. 
 (v. ^■OLUNTARILY) in order to get a/reer 
 articuXation , quo faciUus verba ore ex- 
 
 primeret. Quint. 11, }, 54. ||. Exempt 
 /rom: 1. liber (foil, by abl. with or 
 wilbouta, ab) : a mind /./rom all care, 
 animus onini liber cura, Cic. Fin. i, 15, 
 49 Liv. : but in Cic. tlie prep, is more 
 treq. found ; as, 1. a delictis, Agr. i, 9, 
 27 : liberi ab omni sumptu, Verr. 4, 10, 
 2i : sometimes the MSS. vary, as in Off. 
 1, 20, 67 ; [ab] omni perturbatione animi 
 liber : in later writers the abl. alone ia 
 more fieq. Poet, with gen.,/. /rom toil. 
 1. laborum, Hor. A. P. 212. 2. soliitus 
 (less freq. in this sense : constr. same 
 as preced.) : a consul / /rom passion, 
 consul s. a cupidiiaiibus, Cic. Agr. 1,9, 
 27 : the soul /. (released) /rom tlie body, 
 s. anima corpore, Quint.; /..from toil, 
 s. operum, Hor. Od. i, 17, extr. 3. 
 expers, rtis (not partaking oj ; exempt 
 /rom : with gen., and abl. with or with- 
 out prep.): v. exempt. 4. vacuus 
 (void o/: usu. with abl.) : /. /rom that 
 danger, v. ab Isto periculo, Cic. Q. Fr. i, 
 J, med. (but cTen in Cic. the abl. alone 
 is more usual) : v. exempt. Phr.; to 
 f"'- /■ /rom all pain, omni dolore carere, 
 Cic. Fin. l, 11, i8 : to be /. /rum death 
 (i. e. immo7tal), morte carere, Hor. ; to 
 be f. /rom blame, extra culpam esse, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 51, IJ4; a culpa remotum 
 esse, id. Mur. }$, 7j; abesse a culpa, 
 id. Fam. 6, 2 : to be /. /rom care and 
 business, cura et negotio vacate, Cic ; 
 Liv. See also foil. artt. |||, Without 
 price, /or nothing .- gratuitus (i or i) : 
 /. (unbought) suffrages, g. suft'ragia, Cic. : 
 /. seats in the Circus, g. in Circo loca. 
 Suet. Cal. 26; cf. id. Ner. 17. Phr. : a 
 /. distiibution 0/ com, frumentaria lar- 
 gitio, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 72. IV. Of space: 
 not occupied : pQrus : /. spacer in the 
 city, loca in urbe pura Varr. L. L. 5, 
 6 (4), j8 ; a /., open plain, p. ac pateng 
 campus, Liv. 24. I4 cf. Cic. Sen. 17, 59, 
 humus subacta atque pura. A /. open 
 space (in a city), iirea, Varr. 1. c. 
 
 free (".) : i. e., to Set/. : |. In gen. 
 sense : 1. libero, i (foil, by ace, and 
 abl. either alone or with prep.): to/. 
 oneself /rom inconvenience,>ie ex incom- 
 niodis 1., Cic Verr. 5, 9, 2} : to /.a per- 
 son /rom blame, aliquem oulpa 1., Cic. 
 Att. I J, 22: in later writers the abl.'iA 
 usually without prep. : v. to deliveb. 
 Absol., to /. lands, marts, harbours, etc. 
 (viz. /rom taxes or tolls), agros, em- 
 poria, portus 1., Cic. Agr. i, 4, 10. 2. 
 eximo, emi, mptum, } (foil, by ace., and 
 abl. usu. with prep., or in later writers 
 dat.) : to /. any one /rom /elters, ali- 
 quem e vinculis ex., Cic. Or. 2J, 77 ; to 
 /. citizens /rom bondage, cives servitio 
 ex., Liv. 28, jg. 3. exuo, i, utum, i 
 (with ace. and abl., or dat. and ace): 
 /lands /.d /rom, /etters, palmae vinclia 
 exutae, Virg. ; to/, oneself /rom a yoke, 
 se jugo ex., Liv. J4, 1 5, extr. : to /. one- 
 sel/ /rom /etters, vincula sibi ex., Ov. 
 Fig.: to /ree onesel/ /rom the toils, ex 
 laqueis se exuere, Cic Verr. 5, 58, 151 ; 
 
 V. TO DIVEST, RELEASE. 4. eXpSdiO, 
 
 4 ; V. TO E.XTKiCATE. ||. Specially, to 
 give liberty to a slave : libero, manii- 
 
 mitto; V. to EMANCIPATE. 
 
 free with, make C) •■ I. To 
 
 take without being asked: suppilo, sui- 
 ripio; V. to FILCH. II. 'Jo indulge 
 
 /reely : \, invito, i (with refl. pron^ : 
 he made a little too /. at supper-time, 
 invitavit se coena plusculuni, PI. Am. 
 I, I, 126: when he made /reest (with 
 wive), quoties largissime se invitaret. 
 Suet. Aug. 77. 2. indulgeo, 2 : v. ro 
 INDULGE. III. To treat disrespect- 
 
 /ully : 1. ludifico, ludificor, i ; these 
 people surely think me no man, they 
 make so /. with me, non hercle bice 
 homines me marem rentur ; ita my 
 ludificant, PI. : v. fool (L yin.) : to 
 make /. nith the person o/ a maui, vir- 
 ginem 1., Ter. Eun. 4, j, i. 2. illiido 
 si, sum, i (with dat.): Tac: Suet.; v. 
 to mock. 
 
 freebooter : 1. praedo, onis, m. (a 
 pro/ensid plunderer) : a sea / (pirate), 
 p. maritimus, Nep. Them. 2. Dig. (v. 
 in/r.). Join: praedones latrouesque, 
 Caes. B. C. J , no ; piratae praedonesquei
 
 PR EE-BO OT IN G 
 
 FREEZE 
 
 F H E Q U E N T 
 
 Cic. Verr. Act. i, 5, I j. 2. lalro, onis, 
 n. (an irrryular, unauthorized soUlitr ; 
 opp. lo a li.riiial hi>>tis): cf. I'omp. Dig. 
 50, 16, 118: hosUs hi sunt qui nubis, 
 aut quibus iios pulilice lx!ilum decrevi- 
 mus, ceteri lalrontis aul praedoins sum: 
 Caes. 3. lairunculus (denned by ihe 
 Dig. in same terms as priced., Ulp. 49, 
 15,24): af.,aiidhOtal<tiif liriuiKior, 
 latrimculuni noii princlpeni, Vop. Finn. 
 2. 4. piratu, ae, m. (by Sett) ; v. 
 
 PIRATR. 
 
 free-booting (subs.) .■ latrodnium 
 (a»(i/ u'/io/'.Mi'e dtprtdatiim) : to caini 
 on/., lairocinia agitare, I'ac. A. 12. 27 
 Cic. Join: lalrDcinia ac praedutlMnes, 
 Veil. 2, 75: V. icoiim-.KV. Or fXpr. by 
 verb : to live by J'., praedando vivere : 
 
 V. TO I'l.l'NDI K. 
 
 free-booting (c'j-) • praedaiorlus : 
 
 Liv. : V. l-l£Kl>AT(iRV. 
 
 free-born : injjiinuus (/jom of parents 
 free at Ih- lime ; wliereas liber includes 
 such as had been born slaves bid after- 
 wards became free) . Cic: Ilor. 
 
 freedman : 1. nberms (the emanci- 
 pated person was so called in relation to 
 bis tormer maslei', or the person manu- 
 mitting him : as a citizen, he belonged 
 to the class ol liberlini : v. irifr.) : / 
 maiie yau my f. from being a slave, 
 feci e servo ut e.sses 1. niilii, Ter. Andr. 
 I, I, 10: he would have made our slaves 
 his freedmeii, servos nostros 1. suos lecis- 
 set, Cic. Mil. }j, 89. /-'em. liberta, a 
 freed-uomnn .- to mil fieedmen and 
 freed-women, liljertis libertabnsque meis, 
 formula of testament in IMg. 2. 
 
 libertinus (strictly an adj. descriptive of 
 the class of emancipated persons : used 
 both as sui'S., esp. in jil., and as adj. : 
 V. supr. 1): Cn. P'ublicius a /., Cn. 
 Publicius 1. homo, Cic : Tib. Gracchus 
 transferred the freednien into the city 
 tribes, Ti. Gracclius 1. in urbanas tribus 
 transtulit, Cic: the class of freedmcn, 
 libertinus ordo, Liv. 45, 12, ad Jin. : 
 the populate consistinn of fieedmen, 
 lil)ertina plebs, Tlin. 14, 4, 5 } 48 : a 
 father that uas a f., 1. i>aler, Hor. S. i, 
 6,4;. .(lyceeiZ-H'OHKo?, liberlina : Hor. 
 
 freedom: I. Liberty. l, liber- 
 tas: {a), political and general: to be- 
 stow f. on a sl-aie, dare 1. servo, Cic. : to 
 lose one's /., perdere 1., I'l. : Cic. : no 
 Rirman citizen can lose his f. unless he 
 himself authorize the proceeding, nemo 
 civis Romanus 1. potest amittere, nisi ipse 
 auctor sit factus, Cic. : to take away a 
 man's f., I. alicul adimere, Cic. : to assert 
 rme's f., se in libertatem vindicare, Cic. : 
 lo recover f., 1. reciiperare, Caes. : it is 
 the peculiarity of f. to live as you choose, 
 libertatis propriura est, vivere ut veli.s 
 Cic. (h). exi-mptioii from burdtrns: f. 
 of a himse from taxuliini, aedium 1., 
 Dig. {c). f. of speech : to satirize with 
 great f., multa cum 1. notare, Hor.: to 
 pay the penalty off. if speerh. libertatis 
 poenas pendere, Justin: v. kranknk.ss, 
 LICENCE. 2. civTtas (implying privi- 
 lege as well as mere lilxrti/) : v. ciTt- 
 ZENSHif. I' h r. : a suit offertiiig the f. 
 of a citizen, liberalis causa, Ter. Ad. 2, 
 1,40; iiberale judicium, yuint. 6, i, }2: 
 V. FREE, (l.,fin.): there exists f. of 
 thought and speech, sentlre quae velis et 
 quae sentias dicere licet. Tac H. i, i : 
 hence,/, of the press, * lil)ert:is(iiiae sen- 
 tias in publicum proferendi : to gi ve 
 advice with f., audactcr inoiiere, Ter. 
 (v. frankly). II. Helease, exemption 
 from : 1, vaciitio (esp. legai exemp- 
 tion): f. from exjv.iiie, toil, military 
 service, in short from everything, v, 
 suniptus, lalx)rlB. militiae, rerinn di-nique 
 omnium, Cic. Verr. 4, 10. 2; : in gen. 
 sense, /. from evils, v. nialorum, S^'U. : 
 with ab : f. from causes (at lair), w a 
 causis, Cic. Leg. 1,4, 12. 2. immu- 
 
 nitas (from dues or duties): v. kxemp- 
 TION'. 3. expr. by ciireo, vaco : v. 
 free (II., fin.): e.g., in this nay you 
 will secure f. from many atinoyancs, 
 •ita nuiltis vacabis nmlestils. |||, 
 
 Freedom of mniiui-r and bearing: *hi- 
 genui ac liberales mores: v. ingenuocs- 
 
 e, EASE. 
 
 freedwoman : liberta, libertina : V. 
 
 FREEDMAN 
 
 freehold: I. As subs. : praedinm 
 liberum : a f. is better than an estate 
 that is any way burdened, liliera pr. 
 meliore jure sunt quam serva, Cic. Agr. 
 J. 2, 9. II As o^j. : 1. liber, v. 
 FREE (L, I, a). 2. immiinis: cf. Cic. 
 
 1. C. : V. EXEMPT. 
 
 freeholder: *praedli liberldominus; 
 or simply, dijnlinjs : v. I'Rui'itn.ToR. 
 
 freely: I. without rest laint : 1, 
 libere in mosi si-nses: the soul set at 
 liberti/ by slii-ji, mores n ithout restraint 
 and f., aninms miiiiiio relaxatus solute 
 moveiur et I., Cic. IHv. 2. 48, 100 to 
 bri-athe f., I. respirare, Cic. II. Am. 8, 
 22 : power to live mirre f., libi-rius 
 Vivendi poiestas, I'er. Andr. i, i, 25: to 
 speak tno f., liberius loqui, Cic: Caes. 
 (v. FUANKi.v) : the earth yielded all 
 things more f., tellus omnia liberius 
 fenbat, Virg. (v. i.ibkrai.i.v). 2. 
 
 solate (usu. joined with anoiher adv.): 
 Cic. (v. supr. 1) : to speak f. and plea- 
 santly, s. et suaviter dicere, Cic. Br 29, 
 ! 10 to speak mare f. and readily, so- 
 lutius promptlusque el..(iiii, I'ac: the 
 judge follows equity more ./'., judex so- 
 lutius aequitatem sequitur, Ulp. IMg. 11, 
 7, i4,,/(7i. II. J,il>eially, amph/ : 1. 
 large : piling on the logsf. upon the fire, 
 ligna super foco I. reponens, Hor. v. 
 liOUNTiFrLLY. 2. copiose (^plenti- 
 
 fully) : his suite nte and di-ank J'., ol 
 TTepl avTov copiose (sc. ederunt et blbe- 
 riint). Cic. Att. i}. 52: cf. ib., edit et 
 bibit a6e<u? et jucunde. Comp. (to make) 
 FREE WITH (11.). 3 aflatini : v. 
 
 ABiNDANTi.v. 4. prolixe (amply and 
 spontaneously) : ti> promise f., p. promit- 
 tere, Cic Fam. 7, 5, ad med. : to ansner 
 (give in their names) bi/ no means f., 
 paiuni p. respondere, Cic. Att. 7, 14 : 
 Ter. Join: piolixe profuseque; lar- 
 gius prolixiusque, Gell. (N.B.^The 
 word is appj-. somewhat colloquial.) 
 Ill, Of mil's ouii free will : .sponte, 
 ultro. v. VOLUNTARILY. JV. Not pre- 
 cisely ; with latitude : late : to speak 
 loosely and /., fuse l.que dicere, Cic. Or. 
 
 }2, IIJ. 
 
 freeman : liber homo • v. free. 
 
 freeness : iibert;us v. freedom. 
 
 free-spoken : liber: a jnost f. set of 
 vien (the old comic writers), liberrimum 
 geims. Quint. : Hor.: v. free (1.. l,c.). 
 
 free-stone : *lapis quoquoversus tis- 
 silis (>). 
 
 free-thinking : v. sceptical. 
 
 free-thinker : v. sceptic 
 
 free-will : I. in ord. sense : 1. 
 voluntas: to do any thing of one's (mm 
 /., aliquid sua v. facere, Cic. (I'l. h:i8 
 voluntate alone. Mil. 2, 5, 40, nisi voliin- 
 tate ibis: also Liv., voUinlate in diti- 
 onem venerunt, 29, }8, init., but not 
 Cic.) 2. sponte, abl., f. (usu. with 
 
 pron. adj. ^= of one's mm accord): to 
 do right of one's own f., sua s. recte 
 facere, Ter. Ad. I, I, 50 : Ciies. : Cic. 
 .Join: (sua) sponte et voluntate, Cic 
 Part. 37, 121. See also aoluxtarily. 
 Phr. : not to heliere by f, but by elec- 
 tion, noil spontaiieos credere, sed electos, 
 Min. Fei. 11. ||. As phll. t. : *liber- 
 um arbitrium, Aug.: Erasm. : in sjmie 
 sense Cic. appears to use voluntas : 
 f-will (according to the Stuics) is 
 that II hich rationally dcnres any thing, 
 volunUis est quae quid cum ratiom- de- 
 siderat, Tiisc 4, 6, 12. Phr.: to hold 
 the doctrine of f.-u ill, ceiisere aiiinio- 
 rum molus voluiuarios esse, cf. Cic. 
 Fat. II. 
 
 freeze: I. Trans.: 1, gJlo, 
 
 I : earthenware hives are frozen by tin- 
 voids of irinter, alvearla fictilia gelaniur 
 hiemis frigoribus, Col. : frozen < I'v/ s, 
 amnes geiali, Plin. Fig. tuey fear 
 and are frozen with panic-struck breast. 
 linient pavidoque gelimiur picture. 
 Juv.: Lmaii. 2. congOlo- tof.ml , 
 oil, lac, oleum, coiig., 0>l Plin. Fig., 
 of feeling. Mart. I4, 147. 3. glacio, 
 
 I : Jupihr f.s the snons, J. Ilives gl., 
 Hor.: nioisiin-e is finzen. humor gla< i- 
 atur, Plin. Fig.: feM.r f.ing the heart, 
 
 corda metu glaclante, Stat. 4. oon- 
 giacio, 1 (rare) : used by Cic as intr. 
 (v. infr. 4) Uie voters are frnzen, 
 cunglaciantur aquae, Albin. 5. uro, 
 
 ussi, ustum. 5 (to bite wiUi frost : from 
 the similarity of the effi-c's lA heal 
 and cold, this verb and its compounds 
 aiiibiiro, adiiro, praeiiro, are used of 
 both burning and fnezing) : v. To MP. 
 II, Impers. . iid in trans., it 
 freezen : gfilal, I : they are not gathered 
 till it Aa.v tngun lo f., iion ante de- 
 iiietuntur quam gelaverit, Plin. 14, j, 
 \il- 111. A\->o intrans.: to become 
 Jiozen: \, gelo, I : hail nhen it has 
 fallen, remains and fj. grando lupsa 
 P'-rsidet g.cpie, Plin. Incept., gilasco, } : 
 it is lot the nature of nine to f., vini 
 nainra non gelascit, Plin. 14, 21, 27. 
 
 2. congfilo, 1 : the iJaniilje fj, Ister 
 c, Ov. Fig.: to ttejiozei, up (with 
 torpor), congelasse, Cir. F.ini. 2, I}, J. 
 
 3. rigesco rigui, } ; clotha f. on 
 the wearer, vcstes r. indntae, Virg. U. j, 
 j6} : water f.s inln hail. a>|Uje in gran- 
 dines r., Plin. 4. conglicio. i (to f. 
 up completely) : tauter nould not f. with 
 Mid, aqua non coiiglaciaret frigoribus, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26. 5. con^isio, sllti, 
 stUuni. J (lit. to beeome motioiless and 
 Snlid : usu. wiih Irigore, gilu : esp. 
 poet.) : the Danube has b<en thrice 
 frozen ovei; ter frigore constitit Ister, 
 Ov. Trist. 5, 10, I : cf. Hor. Od. i, 9, a. 
 
 6, concresco. evi, etum, j (tocurdU 
 
 togither ; become solid) : Ov. Met 9, 220. 
 
 freight (subs.): Onus, eris, n.; v. 
 
 LOAli. 
 
 freight (f- tr.) : 6nero, I : SalL Jug. 
 86, init. : V. TO LOAD. 
 
 freighted: (jnustus: ships f. with 
 corn, navi s o. frumento, Cic. : v. laden. 
 
 French: Gallicus: Erasmus: Milton. 
 The Fiench (as a people), Calli. Eras- 
 mus: Milton: in French, in the French 
 language, Gallice : to speak /■'., •Gallice 
 loqui : to translate into F., 'Gallice red- 
 dere. 
 
 french-bean: perh. phaseOlus: v. 
 bean. 
 
 frenzied : furons, (quasi) Ijnmptaatus, 
 
 etc.: v. frantic, IiI.sTRACTED. 
 
 frenzy : 1. tfiror (any violent ex- 
 citement of mind, resemhlnuj actual 
 madness): of love: whither has f. driven 
 me in love, que me f. tgit amantx'm ? 
 Ov. Her. 9, 14; : of inspiration : Demo- 
 critus affirms that a man cannot b« a 
 great poet without a f, negat sine t 
 Democritus quenquam [Mjetani magnum 
 esse posse, Cic. Div. i, J7, init. : v. mai>- 
 KKS.S. 2. amentia (disii actum : q. v.) : 
 sometimes joined with furor : furoro 
 atque amentia impulsus. Caes. B. G. i, 
 40, ad init. : such a violence off. rather 
 than love, tanta vis amentiae verius 
 quam amoris, Liv. j, 47: v. infatc- 
 ation. 3. Hisaiiia (poet.) : a pUasir.g 
 f. amabilis ins., Hor. Od. j, 4, 5 t. 
 
 MADNESS. 
 
 frequency: 1. crebrlias: /. </ 
 letters (received), c literaruui, Cic Att 
 I?, 18. 2. fiequenlia (of tbiigs 
 
 croicded closely together) : f. of letter t, 
 f. epistolaruni, Cic. Att. 4. 16, init. : 
 comp. id. Tusc 5, 2!, 6;, est ad iitirl.is 
 magna f. sepulcronim. 3. expr, by 
 adj. or adv. : he could not ••ntlure thef. 
 of mil rebukes, cribras ineas coinpella- 
 t"iones non tulit. Cic (v. fkkQOEntI : u« 
 yet accustomed to those wowl'rs by rea- 
 son of their /., 'iis miraculis aasuescl- 
 mus, quippe quae lam crebro (saepe) 
 
 hunt (v. FREQUENTLY). 
 
 frequent (a<&")- Lcrelier, bn,. 
 brum (folUni'ing close upon each other : 
 the most usual word): moref.lettafcnd 
 mes-'^engers were sfiit to <'ae.-ar, crebri- 
 ores liierae nunlilque ad Ciesanni niit- 
 tebaniur, Qies. B. G. 5, 4; -.for dlier 
 dailii rebukes, c. vel [Mitius quoUdlanat 
 c.inipellationes. Cic Fam. 12, 2?. i. 2. 
 freqnens, nils (iniintrrru]itrd, coming 
 regularly and uninlennittently^ : af 
 (a.-<siduous) hearer of I'lato, f. I'laioals 
 auilitor, Cic. Or. 4, 15 a /. ymtt, f. 
 conviva. Mart Phr. that 1 hiih is qf 
 f. occurrence, quod sacj>e (crcbiu), idea- 
 iZt
 
 TREQUENT, TO BECOME FRETFULNESS 
 
 FRIEND 
 
 See 
 
 tidem fit: v oftek, FBEynENTLT, 
 also foil. art. 
 
 frequent, to 'become : crebresco 
 (crebesco), crebrui (bui), j (to follow 
 thick upmi each, other) : the u-ished-for 
 gales grow /., c. optatae aurac, Virg. 
 Aen. J, 5JO ; Tac. : v. to spread (^intr.). 
 Simly. the comp. increbresco : this cus- 
 tom which has become /., haec ounsue- 
 \udo quae increbniit, Cic. Phil. 14, 5. 12. 
 
 frequent (i'- <»••) ■• 1- ceiebro, i 
 (of a number nf persons) : to/, a. man s 
 house, domuni hominis c, Cic. Mur. J4, 
 •jo: to f, the ivoods, silvas c, Ov. M. 10. 
 ^oj. Simly. the comp. concelgbro ; to/. 
 ianquets, convivia cone, Q- Cic. pet. 
 cons. 11, med.: Plin. 2 frgquento, 
 
 I (also cbiefly of a number) : the con- 
 versation nf those who f. my house, ser- 
 mones eorum qui fr. domum meam, Cic. 
 Fam. 5, 21: cf. Sail. Cat. 14: v. to 
 HAxrsT. 3. versor, i (to go about, be 
 often in a place : with prep, or adv.) : 
 he has not f.'d the forum, nor the 
 campus, nor banquets, non ad solarium, 
 non in campo, non in conviviis versatus 
 est, Cic. Quint. 18, 59 : to /. this place, 
 crebro hlc v., PI. Am. prol. 128. 4. 
 obsldeo, sgdi, sessum, 2 (to beset): frogs 
 f. ponds, ranae slagna obs., Plin. ■■ v. to 
 BESET. Phr. : to f. the Appian tvay 
 (in a carriage), Appiam mannis terere, 
 Hor. Epod. 4, 14: the lounger f£ the 
 portico, ambulator porticum terit, Mart. 
 2, II, 2: to f. houses of ill fame, lus- 
 trari, PI. : Lucil. 
 
 frequentative : frgquentativus : 
 
 verbs which grammarians calif .s, verba 
 quae appellant grammaticl fr., Gell. 
 9.6. 
 frequented, much frequented : 
 
 1, celeber, bris, bre : a harbour 
 very much f. and very full of ships, 
 portus celeberrimus ei plenissimus na- 
 Tlum, Cic. Manil. 12, 35 : v. crowded. 
 
 2. frequens, ntis (usu. of places at 
 the time crowded or well attended): a 
 mttckf. place of trade, [celebre etj fr. 
 emporium, Liv. 38, 18, ad fin.: a f. 
 road (fig.), fr. via, Ov. A. A. I, 585. 
 Intens., perfrequens, Liv. 3. tritus 
 (only of a road: lit. ireU-uom) : tr. 
 Iter, Cic. Phil. I, J, •; ■ Sen. Phr. : / 
 hate much-f. places, celebritatem odi, 
 Cic. Att. }, 7. 
 
 frequenter: 1. obsessor- af.of 
 
 the forum, obs. fori, PI. Pb. j, i, l8: Ov. 
 
 2. frequentator (not class.): a f. 
 of entertainments, coenarum f., Tert. 
 
 3. usu. better expr. by phr. : to he 
 a constant f. of the schods, circa scholas 
 assiduum esse, Suet. Tib. 1 1 : to be a f. 
 of the gambling-room, aleara studiose 
 Indere, Suet. Cl. j j : the f.s of banquets, 
 convivia celebrantes (cf. L. 6. J 6}8). 
 A f. of bawdy-houses, ganeo : v. de- 
 bauchee. 
 
 frequently: 1. crebro: to send 
 letters /., c. llteras mitiere, Cic. Att. 6, 
 5 ; Ter. 2. frequenter : to cmie f. to 
 visit any one, ad aliquem frequenter {al. 
 frequentes) ventitare, Cic. Rep. l, 9: 
 not always, although mostf., non semper 
 etiamsi frequenlissime, yuint. 2, i",. ?6. 
 3, frSquens (in agreement with 
 Bubject of verb : see L. (i. } 343) : he 
 teas f. (regularly) at Rome, erat ille 
 Eomae fr., Cic. R. Am. 6, t6: to be f. 
 present (attend regularly) in Vie senate, 
 aflesse frequens senatui, Tac. Ann. 4, 
 55. 4. expr. by frequent, verb (L. G. 
 fi 194): e. g., to come f. to any one's 
 hjuse, ventitare ad alicujus domum, 
 CSc. .- to cry out /., clamitare, Phaedr. : 
 y. to come, etc. See also often. 
 
 fresco: Phr.^ to paint inf., udo 
 colores illinere, PUn. 35, "J, 3 <• 
 
 fresh : I. A'ew, ne-' ly made or 
 
 ' ffroum : 1, rgcens, ntis : /. turfs, r. 
 
 caespites, Caes. : /. flowers, r. flores, 
 
 Hor. : /. blond, r. sanguis. Cat. • fish is 
 
 "^^f'ur nothing unless f., piscisnequam 
 
 ..rffnlsi r., PI. As. i, 3, 26. Fig.- l)i<U)f. 
 
 from her wound, r. a vulnere Dido, Virg. 
 
 Aen. 6, 450 : /. in grief, r. in dolore, Tac. 
 
 Ann. ?, I, fin. 2. vivus (still alive) : 
 
 ^. ?ierbs, linrbae v., Hor. : /. dews, v. 
 
 ros, Ov. Fast. 4, 778. 3. viridis, e 
 
 J24 
 
 (green) : f. dieese, v. caseus, Coi. ■;, 8, 
 init. : f. roses, v. rosae. Pall. (v. Geen. 
 Lex. Rust. s. v.). Fig.: thef. and still 
 sueet fruit of studies, v. et adhuc dulcis 
 fruclus studiorum. Quint. 12, 6, 3. 4. 
 novus: while the morning is /., dum 
 mane novum, Virg. G. 3. 325 : v. new. 
 Ph r. : the praetor administered justice, 
 f. from the plough, posito aratro praetor 
 jura dabat, Ov. Fast, i, 207, See also 
 afresh, AXEW. II, Cntired, lively : 
 
 1. intgger, gra, grum : an army in 
 f.er condition, integrior exercitus, Nep. 
 
 Eum. 9, extr. : Cic. Join: integri et 
 recentes fmilites], Caes. B. G. 5, 16. 
 
 2. vggetus (lively, vigorous) : he 
 rises f. to his prescribed duties, v. prae- 
 scripta ad munia surgit. Hor. S. 2, 2, 81 
 /. and active (of the mind), v. acrisque, 
 Cic. Div. 1, 29, 61. Join: recens ac 
 vegetus, Liv. By anal., af. colour, v. 
 color, Plin. : v. lhelt. 3. rgcens, 
 ntis : in conjunction with some other 
 adj., as integer, vegetus : v. supr. Phr.: 
 a f. and green old-age, cruda viridisque 
 senectus, Virg. • Tac. |||, ?tot saline : 
 dulcis, e : /. loater, d. aqua, Hirt. B. 
 Alex. 8 : Lucr. |V. Of winds, some- 
 ivhat violent : perb. acer, valldus, veh6- 
 mens (v. wind). Phr.; a f. breeze 
 astern, secundus ac ferens ventus. Sen. 
 (v. favourable) : the loind blau'S up 
 
 /., ventus increbrescit, Cic. Fam. 7, 20. 
 
 freshen; I. Trans., to mak-e 
 
 fresh : recreo, i : v. to refresh. ||. 
 In trans., esp. of the tcind : incre- 
 bresco (-besco), crebrui (bui), 3 : Cic. 
 Fam. 7, 20. 
 
 freshly : rScenter : V. recently. 
 
 freshman: 1. ptrb. tiro, onis: 
 
 strictly, a raw soldiei- : also applied to 
 young men who have just assumed the 
 toga virilis, cf. Ov. F. 3, 777: Suet. 
 Ner. 7. 2. novitius or nOvicius (one 
 new or fresh in any fay) : used of new 
 slaves, Cic. m Pis. init. ^ 
 
 freshness : 1. virlditas (lit. green- 
 ness) : f. of grief, v. [quaedam] doloris, 
 cf. Cic Tusc. J, }i, 75. of the earlier 
 part of life, cf. Cic. Am. 3, 11. 2. 
 expr. by eu?j. : in thef. of morn, dum 
 mane novum, Virg. : she is delighted 
 vith the f. of the flowers, *recentibus 
 floilbus delectatur : his poems want /., 
 *parum vivida sunt carmina ejus (v. 
 lively): on account of the increasing 
 f. of the gak,* propter increbrescentem 
 ventum : v. fresh. 
 
 fret (subs.) : njolestiae : v. vexatiok. 
 
 fretC"-): . .A. Trans.: |. To 
 wear away : erodo, attero: v. to wear 
 AWAY, corrode. ||. To distress : 1. 
 soUicito, I : there are a great many 
 things which f. ami worry me., multa 
 sunt quae me s. anguntque, Cic. Att. i, 
 18, ad init.: tvhat is it that is f.ing 
 you, quae res te s. .' Ter. Heaut. 2, 3. 10. 
 2. niacgro, i (a strong expr., to f 
 and v:aste away) : ichy do I torment 
 myself ? ivhy do I f. myself, cur me ex- 
 crucio.' cur me m. ? Ter. And. ;, 3, 15: 
 PI. 3. ango, anxi, 3; v. to vkx. 
 B. 1 n trans. : to distress oneself: 
 
 1. ango, 3 (in pass., or with pron. 
 refl.) : to f. over one's troubles, suis in- 
 commodis (graviter) angi, Cic. Am. 3, 
 10 : sometimes with animo oi- animi : 
 it is absurd of you to / (about it), &b- 
 surde facis qui te angas animi. Pi. Ep. 
 
 3, 1, 6: Cic. Fam. 16, 14 (animi angi). 
 
 2. macero, i (with pron. refl., or 
 in pass. : v. supr. 11., 2) : / have f.'d 
 enough with anxiety and tears, sat me 
 cura lacrimisque maceravi, PI. Ciipt. 5, 
 I, 8 . V. TO PINE. 3. dOIco, 2 ; v. TO 
 GRIEVE. 
 
 fretful : 1. morosus (habitually) : 
 V. peevish. 2. stomachOsus (shou-ing 
 irritable feeling) : somewhat f. letters, 
 stomachosiores literae, Cic. Fam. 3, n, 
 
 4. V. guERDLons. 3. (of an infant) 
 *in vagitum pronus. 
 
 fretfully : 1. morose : V. PEE- 
 VISHLY 2. stbmachosS- Cic. 
 
 fretfulness ; 1. morositas : v. 
 PKEVI.SHNESS. 2. st«machus (cAo/inj/ . 
 vexed feeling) : a letter full of f. and 
 eomplaints^epistola. plena stomachi et 
 
 querelarum, Cic. Q. F. 3, 8, init. 1 y 
 
 QUERDLOCSNESS. 
 
 fretwork: caelaium opus, caela- 
 tura; v. ro chase; chasikg. 
 friability : friabilis natura ■ v. fbi- 
 
 ABLE. 
 
 friable : 1. friabllis. e : / sand- 
 stone, Ir. tophus, Plin. 17, 4, 3 $ 29 
 2. piiter, pulris, e (soft, crumbling) : 
 f. stone, p. lapis, Plin. Ep. 10, 33 (48) 
 
 2 : V. CRUMBUNG. 
 
 friar : (lit. frater) coenObita, Hier. ■ 
 
 V. MONK 
 
 friar' s-lantern; *fatutis qui dicitm 
 ignis. 
 
 fricassee : perh. sartago, Inis : pro- 
 perly a fri'ir.g-pan ; but the word is 
 used fig. -"f a kind of prepared dish, 
 Pers. 1, 80. V. TO fry. 
 
 friction : 1. fricatio : " hard and 
 vehement f. doth constipate the body " 
 (Holland's Trans.), vehemens enim fr. 
 spissat corpas, Plin. 28, 4, 14 : Cels. : v. 
 RrBBtWG. 2. frictio: to apply f., ft. 
 adliibere, uti, Cels. 2, 14. 3. tritus, 
 
 lis, TO. (hard rubbing, so as to bruise) : 
 we see fire stiiick out by the collision and 
 f. of stones, lapidum conflietu atque tr. 
 ignem elici videmus, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25. 
 4. attritus, iis (tlie rubbing of one 
 thing against another): wood is rublyd 
 against wood, and talces fire from Vie 
 /., teritur lignum ligno, ignemque con- 
 cipit attritu, Plin. 16, 40, 77. 5. at- 
 tritio (■= preced.) : Capell. 6. expr. 
 by verb : to construct a machine with 
 the least possible amount of f., *ita ma- 
 chinam comparare ut partes ejus quam 
 niinime Inter se atterantur. 
 
 Friday : dies Veneris, Erasm. Coll. 
 
 friend : I. -* personal acquaint- 
 ance : 1. amicus (the most gen. word) 
 your very old, not merely /., but even 
 lover, tuus antiquissimus non solum a., 
 verum etiam amator, Cic. Verr. 3, 63, 
 148 : to make f.s, parare a.. Ter. Andr 
 
 1, I, 39: a greot, i.e., influential, f., 
 potens a., Hor. Od. 2, 18. 12; magnus a., 
 Juv. 3, 57 : /. of the Roman people, a. 
 Populi R., al. Populo K., Liv. 26, 50. A 
 female f., imica (often ^ mistress) : to 
 deseit your female f.s and relatives, 
 tuas amicas et cognatas deserere, Ter. 
 Hec. 4, 2, 16. Dimin. amiciilus, Cic. : 
 Hor. : Cat. 2. lamlliaris, is, c. 
 (strictly an adj. : an iiUimate f.) : in 
 two days he became my iyitimcUe f., 
 biduo mihi factus est f., Cic. lam. 3, i, 
 2 : he is one of my intimate f.s, est ex 
 meis intimis f., Cic. I. c. extr. : often In 
 super., to denote great iidimacy . erne of 
 my most intimate f.s, unus ex meis 
 familiarlssimis, Cic. : C. Mucius, a very 
 intimate f. of Scipio, C. Mucius Sci- 
 pioni faniiliarissimus, Cic: v. intimate. 
 A very intimate f., perfamiliaris, used 
 both subs, and adj., as perf. meus, Cic 
 Fam. 13, 51; perf Pbilisto, id. Q. Fr. 
 
 2, 13,/n. 3. amaior (a lover, hence 
 a warmly attached /.) ; Paetus, a good 
 man, and an attached f. (ajul admirer) 
 of mine, P. vir bonus, a.que iioster, Cic. 
 Att. I, 20, 8. 4. Iiospes, itis, 7ft.; 
 fern, hospita (a foreign /. ; one con- 
 nected as a guest or host : Gr. ^eVo?) : 
 this fact Caesar had learnt from his 
 (foreign) f.s,id factum ex suis h. Caesar 
 cognoverat, Caes. B. G. 5, 6 : a foreign 
 f. of your family, h. familiae tuae, Cic. 
 Am. II, 37: V. host, gcest. Phr.: 
 •e be an intimate f. of any body, 
 familiariter (familiarissime) cum aliquo 
 vlvere, Cic. Uiv. Verr. 9. 29; aliquo 
 familiariter uti, Nep. Phoc. extr. : to 
 malcf fs with any one, conferre se ad 
 amicitiam alicujus, Cic. Br. 81, 281 : v. 
 FRIENDSHIP. II, A »uppo)ter, advocate 
 "f '■ 1. amicus (strictly, adj : wiih 
 dat.) : the f. of tyranny, a. tyrannidi 
 (al. tyrannis). Nep. Dion, 3 ; a greater 
 f. to Vie freedom of all than to his oum 
 dominion, amicior onjnium liberiati 
 quam suae dominationi, Sep. Milt. 3 
 extr. : the tribunes are our f.s, triboni 
 nobis sunt a., Cic. Q. Fr. i, 2, extr. 2i 
 amator. v lovrk (and comp. supr 
 I., 3). 3. dlligens, studiosus (aL:o 
 adjj.) : V. FOND of, devoted to.
 
 FRIENDLESS 
 
 FRITTER AWAY 
 
 FROM 
 
 friendless : expr. by amicus and an 
 adj. : aniiconim inops, Cic. Am. 15, 52 ; 
 inops ab amicis, Cic. Dom. 22. 58. and 
 AIL I, I. 2. Phr.: a /. life, vita 
 Inculta et deserta ab amicis. Cic. Am. 
 1.5, extr. : they (tyrants) cannot Imt be 
 /., niillus (lis) locus arolcitiae, Cic. Am. 
 15. 52 
 
 friendliness: L comitas: v. 
 
 COURTEav, AfKAiiiLiTV. 2. hiimanl- 
 tas (Jriendli/ Jejtling and bdiaviour) : 
 Caefur's /. touards me is i-xcteding, 
 Caesaris summa irga nos li.. I'ic. Fam. 
 4, 15, I. I'hr. : with yretended /., 
 gimulato officio, Cic. Kosc. A. 38, 112. 
 See also KiNDNEsa 
 friendly : I. Amiable, obliging : 
 1. comis, e : /., kind. good-natureA 
 people, c, benigiii, faciles homines, Cic. 
 Balb. 16, j6: V. couKTEous. 2. bu- 
 manus (charmterized by refined, amiable 
 feeling) : a most good-natured arul f. 
 man, homo facillinius atque humanis- 
 simus, Cic. Alt. 16, i6, c. See also 
 KIND, AFFABLE. ||. WfU-disposed to- 
 trards; usu. foil, by prep, to: 1. 
 amicus (foil, by dat., or erga and ace.) : 
 to have /. ftdivgs towards any one, a. 
 esse animo erj;a aliquem, Ter. Hec. I, J, 
 29: Cic. (for dat., v. friknd, 11., 1) : a/. 
 power, numen a., Virg. : Hor. 2. 
 
 bfinSvOlus {well-inclined towards : usu. 
 foH. by dat.) : Cic. : v. well-disposfd. 
 3. aequus: v. favourable. Phr. • 
 in a/. manTier, amice, familiariter : to be 
 on veryf. terms inth any one, cum aliquo 
 amlcissime, familiarissime vivere, Cic. 
 (v. FBIEND, I., Phr.) : /. beiiariour, co- 
 mitas, huraanilas : V. FRIENDLINESS. 
 
 friendship : 1. amiclila (most 
 
 gen. term): I hai-e a f. with..., est 
 mihi a. cum..., Cic. Clu. 42, in: we 
 find also amicitia est inter. . . ., Cic. Pi. 
 
 ji, 80; and esse in a. cum Nep. 
 
 Uann. 2 : to form a f. ivitk any </ne, 
 conferre se ad a. alicuju-s, Cic. Br. 81, 
 281 ; ad a. alicujus accedere, Nep. Eum. 
 1 : to form f.s (in gen. sense), amicitias 
 comparare, Cic. Rose. A. j8, ill : to 
 trecUc off a f., a. deponere, Cic. Am. 2i, 
 77; dimlttere, ib. 21, init.; dissociare, 
 ib. 20, '34 : If suddenly, dirunipere, ib. 
 22,^n. ; repente praecidere, Cic. Off. I, 
 JJ, 120: a firm f.. stabills, firma a., 
 Cic. : ficlcU (shallou) f.s, leves a., Cic. : 
 intertsted and hypocritical f.s, ambi- 
 tiueae et fucosae a., Cic. Att. i, 18, i. 
 2. fSmillaritas (intijna^e/.): lam 
 on terms of most intimate f. with..., 
 cnm... mihi summa f. consuetudoque 
 est, Cic. Fam. I J, 65 : to be on terms of 
 intimate f. with..., In intima f. ali- 
 cnjns versari, Cic. Balb. 26, 58 ; intima 
 t alicujus mi, Nep. Att 9: f.s of old 
 standing, inveteratae f., Cic. Am. 10, 
 35. Adv., VII terms of intimate f., fami- 
 liariter, e. g., cum aliquo vivere, Cic. 
 Am. 21, 77. 3. hospitium {with a 
 
 foreigner,imp\y\nshospitaiU:relatio>is): 
 J have an old standing f. with Lyso of 
 Patrae, cum Lysone Patrensi est mihi 
 h. vetus, Cic. Fam. IJ, 19, init.: this 
 man's father had been on terms of f 
 with t'ompey, buic paternum h. cum 
 Pompeio intercedebat, Cic. 
 
 frieze : I. -^ coarse stuff: gausapa, 
 ae, /., or gausapes, is, m. : Hor. S. 2, 8, 
 II • Ov, Clothed in /., gausilpatus, 
 Sen. : a f. coat, gausapToa, Mart. ||. 
 In Architecture, the middle part of the 
 entablature : zofiphSrus : Vitr. }, 5 (j), 
 t} 
 
 frigate: perh. *navis longa m^ons 
 formae. 
 fright {subs.) : pivor, terror : v, 
 
 FEAR, Tl RHOR. 
 
 fright, take : 1. pavesco, j . to 
 takf f. at every sound, omni strepitu p.. 
 Sail. Ji.g. 72 ■ to take f. at a touch, ad 
 tiictum p Col. 6, 2, ad med. 2. ex- 
 
 p8 vpsco, i (stronger than simple verb) ; 
 to take f. {in sleep) at any disturbance, 
 ad tumultum aliquem exp.. I'liii. 10, 71, 
 97 : Liv, 6, J4, med. 3. constemor, i 
 {pass. refl. ; esp. of animals) : the he/rses 
 take f and distmyage their necks from 
 the yoke, consternantur equi, et colla 
 jugo eripiunt, Ov ilet, 2, 314: a bull 
 
 taking f. at the blow of the axe, taunu 
 securis Iciu coristenuitus. Suet. Gal. 18: 
 they suddenly takef. andfiee, rijKjnle in 
 fugam c, Liv. 10, 4J : v. to Kiughtex. 
 
 frighten : 1. terreo, inlens. per- 
 
 terreo, 2: v. to tebrifv. ' 2. expr. 
 by nietus, tinior, and a verb : v. fkak. 
 '10 bef.'d may oltin Ije expr. by pavesco, 
 expivesco : V. prcced. art. 
 
 away: abslerreo, 2: to f. away 
 
 gefse from corn, de frumento anseres 
 abs.. Pi. .See also to detkr. 
 
 frightful : 1. ten-ibills, terrif icus 
 V. TERRIBLE. 2. foedus (uf any thing 
 revolting, offensive): a f. gash, f. cica- 
 trix, Hor. S. I, 5, 60: a f. wound, f. 
 vulnus, Ov. Met. 12, 366: Liv.: a f. 
 tempest, f. tenipestas, Flor. j, 5, 18 : cf. 
 Liv. 21, 58,/oeitito» Alpium. 
 
 frightfully : 1. ternbilem in mo- 
 dum, horrendum (poet.): v. ff.arfiillv, 
 terribly. 2. foede {revoltingty) : 
 
 to lacerate {the limbs) f., f. laiiiare, Tac. 
 H. I, 41 : cf. Virg. Aeii. 10, 497. Some- 
 times the adj. foedus may be used (L. G. 
 ft J4J) : the wounds gaped more /., 
 foediores patebant plagae, Liv. j8, 21, 
 med. 
 
 frigid: I. '•■it-: frigidus: v. cold. 
 II. Fig., <f temperament, style, etc. : 
 frigidus: rw J. maiden, noii fr. virgo, 
 v. Am. 2,1,5 jokes tnrough t frmn home 
 {ready made) are apt to be f, ridicula 
 domo allata plerumque sunt ir., Cic. Or. 
 26, 89 (v. FLAT, II.) : tame in speaking, 
 and almost /., lentus in dicendo et 
 paene fr., Cic. Br. 48. 177 : ./. and child- 
 ish affectation, f. et puerilis affectatio. 
 Quint. 4. I, 77. Vimin. frigidiusculus 
 {somewhat f), GelL }. 10, fin. 
 
 frigidity: expr. by adj., theie uxis a 
 f. atioiit hts style, •oratluiii ejus nonnihil 
 frieidi incrat ■ v. L. G. ^ 270. 
 
 frigidly : 1. tngidg : to do a 
 thing /., aliquid f. agere, Cic. Fan). 8, 
 10, 2 : to praise any one sparingly and 
 /., aliquem exigue alque fr. laudare, 
 Gell. 19, J. 2. lente {ivith coolness, 
 indifferently : less strong than proced. : 
 cf. Cic. Fam. 1. c.) : v. coolly. 
 
 frill : perl), insiita {the plaiteii border 
 of a Roman lady's dress) ; or, seginenia : 
 v. flounce. 
 
 fringe : 1. fimbriae, arum : the 
 border of a cloak {is called) f, in sigis 
 extrema, fimbriae, Varr. 5, 12, "79. [ 
 Fig.: f.s of carls, cinciniionim f , Cic 
 in Pis. 1 1, 25. 2. cirrus (lit. a curl : 
 
 hence any thing similar): a tunic with 
 hanging /., tunica c. dependentibii-s, 
 Phaedr. 2, 5, i i. 3. limbus {poet.) : 
 
 a golden f. (or border) surrounded the 
 cloak, chlamj'dem I. obibat aureus, Ov. 
 Mel. ;, ;i : Virg. 
 
 fringed : fimbriatus : he wore a 
 broad-striped tunic, f. at the hands, 
 usus est clavo lato ad manus f.. Suet. 
 Caes. 45. Fig.:/, leaves, f. folia, Plin. 
 21, 1;, 5v 
 
 fringe-maker : limbolarius. Pi. Aui. 
 
 J, ?• 45- 
 
 fripperer (rare) : o dealer in cUd 
 clothes : scriitarius (a dealer in old IhiTigs 
 of all sorts), LucU. in Gell. i, 14. 
 
 frippery : |. L i t. : oJtt clothes .- 
 scruta, orum {old ivares) : to sell f., s. 
 vendere, Lucil. in Gell. j, 14: Hor. 
 Phr.: to deal in /., scrutariam fecere, 
 Apul. II, Fig.: rubbish, trifles : 
 
 (|uisquniae, arum {neut. quisquilia, 
 
 Petr.) : V. refuse (subs.), TRIFLES. 
 
 frisk : 1. lascivlo, 4 {to frolic 
 
 wantonly): the lamb leaps andfj in 
 its flight, exsUil agnus l.que fuga. Ov. 
 Met. 7, }2I. 2. salio, oxsilio, 4 : v. 
 TO LEAP, BOUN-D. 3. luxurio, I (poet.): 
 the f.xng horse, equus luxurians, Virg. 
 Aen. II, 497. 
 
 frith: 1. aesiuarium, Tac. Agr. 
 22 Caes. 2. frCium i^any narrow 
 
 Sea') : Cic. : v. .strait, ska. 
 
 fritter {subs.) : perh. laganum, Hor.: 
 
 V. I'AN-CAKK. 
 
 away (i'- '>■•) ■ '• *• '" viaste 
 
 auay bit by bit: 1. dissipo, I {to 
 
 scatter abrocul) : to f. away one's pro- 
 perty, rem familiarem d.. Uic. : v. to 
 SQUANDER, WA^Tl.. 2. coiiliio. irivi, 
 
 tritum, } {to wear out) : tc 'ji unwUlin, 
 to f. away one's lifetime over Uno-trUUi 
 nolle aetatem in liilbus c, Cic. Leg. i 
 20, 5;. 3. commiuuo, i. atam, } (lit 
 to break small) : to f. auay a neighloj 
 silver and giAd. argent! poiidus et auri t 
 Hor. S. 1 , 1, 4}. Phr. to/. away one't 
 pAvers. •viribus suis quasi illudere : » 
 
 TO TRIFLE with. 
 
 frivolity : 1. levltas (any light, 
 uruiignijied conduct) : given to amatory 
 /.*, amatoriis I. deduus, Cic Fla I, lli 
 61. 2. nugae: v. trifles. 
 
 frivolous: I. I'^P- of persons: 
 
 charactei iztd by frivolity : 1. nugi- 
 tor (of. Cic. Sen. 9, 27) ; a loorthltss, f 
 person, nibili homo et n., Gell. 1$, 2, 
 init.: af. little work,n. libellus, AiLson. 
 Idyll. II, pref.: v. triklek. (.Nugax 
 f)ccurs, in somewhat dilT. sense. Cai-L in 
 Cic. Fam. 8, 15.) 2. Ifivis, e (uxindnp 
 gravity arid dignity) : trifles loin f 
 minds, parva I. aiiinios capiunt, Ov. 
 A. A. 1, 159 : cf. I'L Men. }, 2, 2}. 3 
 expr. by circuml., nugaruni studiosus 
 nugis deditus, etc.: v. TRifLi-:s. ||, 
 Of things, esp. statements, arguments : 
 having no weight or worth : \, fri- 
 vClus {silly, empty : not in Cic.) : /. 
 discourse, f. semio, Auct. Her. 4, 11, 16: 
 a f. and empty quibble, f. et inanis ar- 
 gutiola, Gell. 2, 7 : Sen. 2. fiitllis, e 
 {worthless, futile) : f. and fanciful opi- 
 nions, i. commenticlaeque sententiae, 
 Cic. N. I). 1, 8, 18:/. {petty) joys, t 
 laetitiae, Cic. Tusc. 5,6, 16. 3. D" 
 gatorius {futile ; not to the point) : Cic. 
 V. GROUNDLESS, nugatory. 4. Inanis, 
 
 e: V. EMPTY, VAIN. 5. ISvls, 6: V. 
 
 UNIMPORTANT, TRIFLING. 
 
 frivolously : perh. nugatorie : cf 
 Auct. Her. 4, }6, 48. 
 
 frizzle: I. ^fa curl: crispo, con- 
 crispo, I : V. TO CURL. II, To broil: 
 
 aSSO, I ; v. TO ROAST. 
 
 frizzled {part, adj.): 1. tali- 
 mi.stratus ((iiefSf-d with curl ing-iroru) : 
 f. hair, c. coma, Cic. Sext. 8, init.: af 
 dancer, c saltator, Cic. post Red. 6, ij. 
 2, cincinnatus {curled, in whatever 
 way): af. rake, c. ganeo, Cic. ib. 5, 12. 
 
 fro {adv.): only in phr. to and f, 
 hue (et, atque)illuc; ultrocitru; ultro 
 ciiroque; ultro ac cltro : v. HrrHBB and 
 
 THITHER. 
 
 frock: stOla (o garment u-om by 
 ladies over the tunic, and reaching to 
 the ankles): Hon: ('ic. : v. gown. 
 
 frog: rana: Hor.: Plin.: Phaedr 
 A {poor) little /., ranunculus, Cic. Dlr 
 
 I, 9 li- 
 
 frog-fish : 1. b&tr&chus : Plin. 
 
 2. rana piscatrix {fishing-frog): 
 Plin. 
 
 frolic (subs.) : 1, ludus : v. SPORZ 
 PLAY. 2. lascivia {exuberant, iron- 
 tonf): V. GAMBOL. Full off., ludi- 
 buiidus, Liv. 24, if>. 
 
 frolic ("•) •• 1. ludo, } : V. TO 
 PLAY, SPOUT. 2. lascivio, 4 {exube- 
 rantly, wantonly : uflen of aniwaij) : 
 
 v. TO GAMBOL, FRISK. 
 
 frolicsome : ludlbundus (only of 
 persons ; and not ilenoting an habitual 
 quality), la.siivus {sportive): v. play- 
 ful, SPORTIVE. 
 
 frolicsomely : expr. by ludibunduj 
 
 (v. 1,. (i. ;> H>) '•'^- ^ '6' "^^■ 
 frolicsomeness : lascivia: v.sport- 
 
 IVEN1-:SS. 
 
 from: A, e.\pr. byaprep.: 1. 
 most usu. equivalent, a (only before 
 consonants), ab (chiefly belore vowels), 
 abs (rare and only before t, q) with 
 abl.: (a), of place: he came f. the 
 shores of Troy, I'rojae venil .ib cris, 
 Virg.: i'. his tue-nails to hit very crown, 
 ab inils unguibus usque ad vertiam 
 sumnuim, Cic they are not far f. the 
 tenitories of the Mosatet, non longe a 
 Tolosatiumfinibns al>biint, Caes. : to be 
 carried far auay f. land, procul a terra 
 abripi, Cic. (v. far kbom) : at a distance 
 of 15 miles f. {the enemy), a niiilibos 
 passnum quindecim, Caes. . and tig. of 
 any kind of separation- to secure the 
 cit'if. cimllagration, ab Incendio urbem 
 niunire. Sail, to defend a citizen f. rfa«- 
 325
 
 FROM 
 
 FRONT 
 
 FROW A RDN ES S 
 
 ger, civem a periculo defendere, Cic. : to 
 keep oneself f. falling, se a lapsu susti- 
 nere, Liv. free f. all expense^ ab oiiini 
 sumpiu liber, Cic : to differ widely f. 
 the customs of Haul, niullura a Gallica 
 consuetudine differre, Caes. ; what does 
 this differ f. that, quid hoc ab illo dif 
 fert? Cic. (6), of time: they were 
 drinking f. the third Iwur, ab hora 
 tenia bibebatur, Cic. : /. the very be- 
 ginning, jam inde a principio, PI. : all 
 the ivay from Romulus, usque a Ro- 
 mulo, Cic; / sunrise till late in the 
 day, ab sole orto in multum diei, Liv. : 
 /. a boy, f. a little boy, a parvo, a par- 
 vulo, etc., Liv.: Ten: so, to begin f. 
 (where we say ivith) Jove, a Jove in- 
 Cipere, Cic. (c). of source, origin, or 
 motive : a thing which derives its origin 
 f. itself, quod ipsum a se oritur, Cic. : 
 to derive one's origin f-..., originem 
 ducere ab..., Hor. ; originem trahere 
 ab..., Plin. (v. to derive) to do a 
 thing f. singular affection for any one, 
 a [in this sense, more usu. ex, propter, 
 pro : v. BKOAUSE OFJ singular! amore 
 facere aliquid, Balb. in Cic. Att 9, 7, B : 
 Liv. (passim). 2. de, with aH. 
 
 (denoting stric'.Iy descent from a point 
 above, but used in other senses) {a), of 
 place : he issues a proclamation f. the 
 tribunal, de tribunal! pronuntiat, Cic. : 
 she hauls aloud from the street, claniat 
 de via, Ter. Andr. j, 2, u (a via would 
 imply that she was away from the 
 street) : to emigrate f. their oun terri- 
 tories, de suls tinibus exire, Caes B. G. 
 I, 2: a declaimer f. the schools, decla- 
 mator de schola, Cic. (b). of time 
 (rare) /. the very beginning, de prin- 
 cipio, Cic. Sull. 24, fin. (but a principio 
 is more usual) : to look outf. day to day, 
 diem de die prospectare, Liv. 5,48; to 
 put a thing off f day to day, diem de 
 die differre, Liv." 2;, 25. (c). of change 
 from former state or condition : f. 
 (being) a temple to become a prison, de 
 teniplo carcerem fieri, Cic. Phil. 5, 7, 
 init. : to make a man a prisoner f. a 
 king, aliquem captivum de rege facere. 
 Just. 7, 2. (d). of material : v. of. 
 (e). of caiwe or motive : gait slow f. his 
 wound, passus de vulnere tardus, Ov. : 
 /. which cause, qua de causa, Caes.: Cic. : 
 V. FOB, ON ACCOUNT OF. 3. ex, before 
 consonants e, with abl. (= from within, 
 out of: comp. de, siipr. 1, a) they fol- 
 lowed Caesar f. the capital (where he 
 had l>een), Caesarem ex urbe secuti 
 sunt, Caes. : to take water f. a petty 
 spring, aqnum ex fonticulo sumere, Hor. 
 S. I, I, 55 (but just before, magno de 
 flumine, as denoting the source) : light- 
 ning sent f. the sky, fulmen e coelo de- 
 missum, Lucr. : to dismount f. one's 
 horse, ex equo desilire, Caes. (but dt 
 rheda desilire, Cic. Mil. lo, 29) : to plead 
 one's cause f. prison, ex vinculis causam 
 dicere, Caes. B. G. i, 4 : to espy f. the 
 higher ground, ex [= de] loco superiori 
 conspicari, Caes. B. G. 2, 26 : /. on horse- 
 hack, ex equis, Caes. B. G. 1,4;. (6). of 
 time, denoting a more immediate con- 
 nexion than ab : /. this time forward, 
 ex hoc tempore, Cic. Quint, ^, fin.: f. 
 the time when [ever since] he was a 
 hostage at Rome, ex quo obses Romae 
 fuit. Liv. 40, 5 ; / your youth (upward), 
 ex [more usu. a] tua adolescentia : /. 
 that day to this, ex ea die ad banc diem, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 12, {4 Hor. Od. 2, i, i : 
 to keep waiting f. day to day, diem ex 
 die exspectare, Cic. Att. 7, 26, ad fin. 
 (c). of change f. a fm-mer condition : f. 
 being my slave I made you my f reed- 
 man, feci e servo ut esses libertus 
 mihi, Ter. Andr i, i, 10: Cic. (d). of 
 material ; the flour made f. beans, ex 
 faba farina, Ceis. • v. 3F. (e). of source, 
 origin, cause, vwtive : elephants f. India, 
 ex India elephanti. Liv. : he directed 
 thai the city should be called Rome f. 
 Ms own name, urbem e [de] suo nomine 
 Romam nominari jussit, Cic. Rep. 2, 7; 
 tM /. o wound, ex vulnere aeger, Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 21 : /. the excessive power of 
 sovereigns arises Iheorerthrow of princes, 
 ex Diniia poteatia principum oritur in- 
 
 teritus principum, Cic. Rep. I, 44: /. 
 which it follows, ex quo fit, efficitur, Cic. 
 Rep. I, 4?, etc. 4. propter (only of 
 cause). V. BKCAUSEOF. B, expr by 
 a case withoui prep. : 1. ablative : 
 (a), of motion from a place : f. home, 
 f. the country, "domo, rure, Cic. : simly, 
 in the cast of names of towns and small 
 islands, see L. G. ^ 261. (b). of origin, 
 iifter ortus, oriundus. satus, etc. (L. G. 
 ^ ;io): sprung f. the equtstrian oider, 
 equestri loco rial us, Cic. : thou sprung 
 f. Saturn, one Saturno, Hor. : v des- 
 cENDEi>. (c). of cause (L. G. $ jii, 
 sqq.) . to be palef. loss of blood, amisso 
 sanguine pallere, Ov. : to do a thing f. 
 a kind of hatred of one's fiUoir-meii, 
 odio quodam hominum aliquid facere, 
 Sail. : to redden f. the sun's rays, soils 
 ruilils nibescere, Virg. 2. dative 
 (a), of remoter object, after verbs !,\^\- 
 fying to take auay from any one: Cwsar 
 took f. Deiotarus his kingdom, Caesar 
 Deiotaro regnum eripuit, Cic. : to tiring 
 tears f. a man, lacrimas alicui excutere, 
 Ter. Heaut. 1, i, 115. v. to take 
 AWAY, etc. (b). after verbs signifying 
 to differ /., as distiire, discrepare (rare 
 and poet.) : v. to differ. 3. geni- 
 tive : (a), after a subs, or adj. signify- 
 ing freedom or separation from : as. 
 7-est f. cares, requies curarum, Cic (v 
 L. G. ^ 26J) : freef. all dangers, expers 
 omnium periculoruin, Cic. (v. L. G. } 
 276, Obs. 2). (('). after a verb of se- 
 paration (rare and poet.) : released f. 
 toil, solutus operum, Hor. Od. j, 17, 
 16 . cease f. complaints, desine quere- 
 larum. Hor. Od. 2, 9, 17 : PI. C. by 
 an adv. of place : 1. the advxt. formed 
 from demonstrative prons. and other 
 words, to denote the place f. which : as, 
 /. this place (where I am), hinc /. that 
 place (where you are), istlnc: ./■ that 
 place (yonder), illinc : /. the said place, 
 inde : cf. Cic. Att. 7, 21, init., eo die ego 
 Capua discessi et mansi Calibus. Ivde 
 has literas dedi . /, what place, unde 
 (V. L. G. p. 88, j) : v. hence, thence, 
 w HENCE. From all sides, undique, Cic. : 
 Virg. : /. within, without, intrinsecus, 
 extrinsecus, Cic, (v. -within, -without) . 
 /. the foundations, funditus, Cic. (v. 
 foundation): /. afar, procul. (v. far.) 
 2. the adiw. "of time , esp, inde,/. 
 that time : all along f. the beginning of 
 this empire, jam inde a principio hujus 
 imperii, Cic. prov. cons, ij, ii-f. his 
 very cradle, jam inde ab iiicunabulis, 
 Liv. 4, id, fin. M i s c e 1 1. p h r. . to in- 
 crease f. day to day, in (singulos) dies 
 crescere, Cic. (v. daily) : to go round 
 f. tent to tent, tentoria circiimire, Tac. 
 "Ann. I, 28, med. : /. family to family, 
 per familias (e. g. circumire), PI. True. 
 2, 4, 56 : /. district to district, per re- 
 giunes. Col. }, 21, init.: cf. per domos 
 invitati, Liv. i, 9, med.: I shall be 
 obliged to you to congratulate your wife 
 f. me, gratum mihi teceris si uxori tuae 
 ineis verbis eris gratulatus, Cic. Fam. 
 1 5, 8 : Liv. to hinder a person f. doing 
 anything, aliquem prohibere, deterrere 
 quominus, with subj. : v. to hinder, 
 DETER, etc. (v. L. G. $ 46}). 
 
 front {subs.) : i. e. the fore part of 
 anything : 1. frons, ntis, /. : he 
 
 draivs up his forces in f. of the camp, 
 copias ante f. castrorum instruit, Caes. 
 B. C. I, J7 (a somewhat unusual expr.) : 
 he proceeded with a straight f. to battle, 
 aequa f. ad pugnam procedebat, Liv. j6, 
 44, init. : lie stationed eight cohorts in 
 the /., octo cohortes in f. constituit, 
 S:ill. • in f. and on the left, a f. et ab 
 sinistra parte, Caes. B. G. 2, 2J . the f. 
 of a house, f. aedium, Vitr. 2. prior 
 pars: v. FORE. 3. (milit. t. t.) prin- 
 cipia, orum (the troops who in forming 
 line of battle nvidd be m-xt the enemy) : 
 immediately behind thef., post pr.. Sail. 
 Jug. 50 (v. Long ad I.): Liv. 4. 
 primum agmeu (of troops marching) : 
 Sail.: Liv.: v. van. Phr. : inf. of, 
 or from the f. of, pro (with abl.) : 
 in f. of all the temples, pro templis 
 omnibus, Cic. Mil. init. : to announce 
 anything from the f. of a platform, 
 
 aliquid pro suggestu pronuntiare, Caeai 
 B. G. 6, J : Cic. See also before, oppo- 
 site TO. Sometimes in front may be 
 expr. by adversus (adj.) : as, o " ound 
 in f. (opp. 10 in the back), adversum 
 vulnus, Cic. Harusp. resp. 19, 40: in 
 the f. of the lody, adverso corpore, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 1 , J , in f. of each other, ex 
 adverso (of armies), Suet. Caes. J9, med. ■ 
 Just. 
 
 front (Of??).' 1. anticus: the/. 
 door of a huuse, anticum (sc. osiium), 
 Fest. in Forcell. s. v. : v. fore. 2. 
 primoris, e • the f. part of a house (the 
 atrimii), pars domus p., Gell. 16, 5 : tlie 
 f. line, p. acies, Tac. H. j, 21, extr. 
 3, prior, us ; primus : v. fore. 
 
 front ("•) •■ aspecto, T (to look to- 
 
 U-arils) : v. TO FACE, COMMAND (UL). 
 
 frontage : frons, mis,/. ; a tlwusand 
 feet in /., mille pedes in f., Hor. S. 
 1,8, 12. 
 frontier; finis, terminus V. BOUN- 
 
 DAKY. 
 
 fronting (pj-ep) .- adversus: v. fac- 
 ing. OrPOSITE TO. 
 
 frontispiece : *pictura a primori 
 p.irte libri insculpta ; or perh. pictura 
 primoris: cf. Gell. i, 18 (in primore 
 libro). 
 
 frontlet : esp. for horses : frontalia, 
 ium, n. : Liv. (of the head-dress of ele- 
 phants, J7, 40): I'lin. 
 
 frost: 1. cSlu, us, n. (also used 
 concr. for ice : q. v.) : to be frozen up urith 
 the Iceen /., acuto g. consistere, Hor. Od. i, 
 9, 4 : the forms gelus and gelum also oc- 
 cur : ne gelus noceat, Cato, R. R. 40, extr. ; 
 veiienum enim gelum radicibus tenellis, 
 Varr. R. R. i, 4; ; but not in the best 
 writers. 2, gfilatio (a frost : rare) : a 
 severe f., magna g., Plin. 17, 27, J7 } 
 2! J. 3. gelicidium (= preced. : a term 
 freq. in tlie writers on husbandry): to 
 he assailed by f.s, gelicidiis [pruinisvej 
 iiifest.'iri. Col. 2, 8, med. : (a bough) ex- 
 posed tof., ad gelicidium retectus, Varr. 
 R. R. I," 55, init.: Cato. 4. pruina: 
 v. HOAR-FROST. Sometimes frlgus (fri- 
 gora) may be precise enough, esp. poet. : 
 cf. Ov. Fast. I, 149, etc. : v. cold 
 
 frost-bitten: 1. praeustus (at 
 the extremities) : f. limbs, pr. artus, Liv. 
 21, 40 Plin. 2. ambustus (frozen 
 all over): the limbs of many were f. 
 through the intensity of the cold, a. mul- 
 torum artus vi frigoris, Tac. Ann. ij, 
 ;?. yeut. pi. absol., ambusta (frost- 
 bites), Plin. 28, 2, 5, extr. 3. adnstus 
 (as \i singed; nipped): lion' s fat cures 
 f. limbs, leonis adipes sanant adusta ni- 
 vibus. Plin. 28, 8, 2;. 4. expr. by 
 verb, as praeuro, aduro, and (intrans.) 
 praerjgesco : the feet of many were f. 
 by the coldness of the snow, rigor nivis 
 multorum pedes adussit. Curt. 6, j, 
 med. : a soldier was sof. that his hands 
 adhered to their burden, and came off 
 from his arms, ita miles praeriguit ma- 
 nus, ut oneri adhaerentes, truncis bra- 
 chils deciderent, Tac. Ann. 1 5, 55, med. 
 
 frost-bound : qui (quae, quod) gelu 
 constitit : v. to freeze. 
 
 frosty : gfi'Idus : m winter the at- 
 mosphere is cold andf., coelum est bieme 
 frigidum et g., Plin. Ep. 5. 6, 4: o /. 
 night, g. nox, Virg.: /. December, g. 
 December, Ov. . v. caLD, frozen. 
 
 froth (subs.) : 1. spuma : v. foam. 
 2. (pf fermentation) flos, floris, 
 m. : Col. : v. Gesn Lex. Hust. s. v. 
 
 froth ("•) .- 1. spumo, I v. TO 
 foam. 2. ("f thef. offermentatum) 
 floreo, 2 : if tlie wine begins to /., si 
 vinum fl. incipiet. Col. 12, 30 . v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 frothy; I. Lit: spumeus: V. 
 foamy, II, V\?,^: = inflated; empty 
 and noisy: spiimosus: a f. poem, sp. 
 carmen, Pers. i, 96 : v. inflated, bom- 
 bastic. 
 
 fro-ward : pertlnax, difflcilis . v. ob- 
 stinate, perverse. 
 
 fro-wardly; perverse, pertinacJter: 
 
 V. OBSTINATELY, PEEVERSELY. 
 
 frowardness : mores difficiles ac 
 perversi, pravi . v. obstinacy, pebvebsc- 
 
 NESS.
 
 F n O W N 
 
 TRD ITFU L 
 
 FRHSTRATE 
 
 frown {subs.) ■■ 1. coiitractio (with 
 some explanatory word) : there uas sut/i 
 gravity in Ids ei/<', smc/i a {solemn)/, en 
 his brow, tama crat gravitas in oculo, 
 tanta c. frontis, Cic. Sext. 8. 19 : from a 
 TKlaxiiiy or a contracting of tfie brow, 
 i. e. a /., ex siipercillorum aut reniis- 
 sione aut c, Cic. Off. i. 41, 146. 2. 
 vultus. us, m. (lit. a look ; but often 
 denoting an angry fronniny look, even 
 without an oaIj.) : the f. of tlie threaten- 
 ing tyrant, v. instantis tyranni, Hor. 
 Od. 5, J, ?■ conip. id. Sat. 1, 6, 121. 3. 
 frons adilucta: comp. Sen. Ben. 1, i, 5: 
 
 V TO FKOWN. 
 
 frown ("•)• 
 dlia) contraho, 
 contraxit, Cic. 
 
 ecoiiomicalliO : Cic. Join: parce ac I 5, ji ■ v. fertile. 2. frugHer. 6ra, 
 duriter, Ter. Ad. i, I. 20; parce, luM- \ iTKin (actually yielding fruit) : vol all 
 
 1. froiitem (super- 
 xi, etuni, J: he f.'d, fr. 
 Clu. 26, ■;2 : supercilla 
 contrahere, yuint. 11, ?, ")()■ 2. fron- 
 tem aildiico, xi, ctuni, ; : hef.s, ht^ turns 
 an ay his face (on l>oinKa.ski-d a favour), 
 f. aiiduxit, vulluni avertit. Sin. lien. 1, 
 I, 5: guint. P li r. : your countina/nce 
 contracts nii7ildes and /..', vultus tuus 
 coUigii rugas et trahit frontem, Sen. 
 Ben. 6, T. I. 
 
 frowning (.o^^j) •■ contractus, adduc- 
 tus : a f. broil-, contract* supercilia, 
 
 Quint. : V. TO KBOWN. 
 
 frowningly : <'xpr. by phr., contrac- 
 tis supcrciliis, adducla fronte, etc.: v. 
 
 TO FROWN. 
 
 frozen {part, adj.) : \. glacle 
 
 concretus: Virg. G. i, 2?6: I,iv. 2i, j6, 
 extr. : simly, frigore concretus, Ov. Tf. 
 J, 10, }2. 2. iigidus {stitr, hard : 
 chiefly poet.): the f. earth, v. tellus, 
 Virg. (.. 2. Ji6: cf. Ov. Tr. j, 10, 48: 
 but in either case the emphasis is upon 
 the hard, moveless nature ol that wliicli 
 Is frozen. 3. gdu riirens : I'liaedr. 
 4, 19 : Liv. 21, J2, med. (aniniulia in- 
 aniniaque omnia rigentia gelu) : rlfiens 
 also occurs absol., Mart. 14, iit: aquam 
 potare rigentcm (al. recetilem): Claud. 
 4. gh'uialis, e : v. icv. To be /., 
 (frlgore) rigere, Cic. Tusc. i, 28, 69: 
 Lucr. (v. siipr.): to become f., rigcscere, 
 Virg. G. ?, Jbj ; concrescere,conglaciare, 
 
 etc. : V. TO FKF.KZE (U.). 
 
 fructification: I. '?'/'« act of 
 nuikivij fruitful : expr. by ger. of 
 fecundo, etc.- v. to fertiuzk. ||. 
 The reproductive parts of a phitit : pcrh. 
 *fecundae p.irtes: or ■•fruciiflcatio : as 
 scient. t. t. 
 
 fructifr : fecundo, i ; v. to fer- 
 
 TILIZK. 
 
 frugal : 1. frugi {indecl. : being 
 strictly a dat. : often in wider sense = 
 honest) : for comp. and sup., frfigiilior, 
 frugalissimus : /, livin;/, viclns frugi, 
 Quint. 5, 10, 27 : a xvoman i-o f. und so 
 cAosie, mulier tarn frugi. tan)quopiidica, 
 Hor. S. 2, 5, TJ : this mun lins ratlur 
 stingily: let him be called/., parcius 
 hie vivit. frugi dicatur, Hor. S. i, ?, 
 49 : a f. dinner, coena Irugi, Tlin. Kp. 
 ?, I, 9: an excellent farmer, very eamo- 
 mical, very moderate, very /., optimu.'! 
 colonus, parcissimus, modest issinius, 
 frugalissimus, Cic. de Or. 2, "Ji, 287: 
 sometimes bonae frugi is found, Cic. 
 Att. 4, 8, b. : PI. : V. tempkrate. 2. 
 parcus : V. sparing. 3. attentus : 
 {careful ; looking atlentively after one's 
 property) : you seem to me too harsh 
 and f., durus nimis a.que videris, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 7, 91 : a f. li/e, vita a. [et nisti- 
 cana], Cic. Ruse. A. 15, 44. "4. durus 
 {xcithout luxury or imluhjemi') : cf. 
 Ter. Andr. i, i, 4, parce ac duriter 
 vitum agere: v. hardy. 5. dillgens: 
 
 V. CAREFm.. 
 
 frugality: 1. parsimOnla. how 
 great u fntune is /., quam magnum 
 vectigal sit p., Cic. Par. 6, j, 49: v. 
 ECONOMY. .Join: parsimonla et dili- 
 gentia, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 87. 2. diligen- 
 tia {care/ulne^s ; in whatever sphere) : 
 Cic. I.e.: V. ECONOMY. 3. frugiilitas 
 
 (used by Cic. in wider sense, as inclu- 
 jing htmesty, sobriety, etc., Tusc. }, 8, 
 16) : any jailing short in income is 
 made good by /., quod cessat ex reditu 
 frugalitate snppletur, Plin. Ep. 2, 4, J : 
 
 Petr. ; V. HONESTY. 
 
 frugally : 1. parce {sparingly. 
 
 tinenter, severe, sobrie, Cic. Off. I, Jo, 
 106. 2. frugallter (in wider sense: 
 comp. FRUGALITY, 3). PI. .Join: 
 [Mirce, frugaliter vlvere, Hor. S. i, 4. 
 107 : V. HONEaTLY. 3. duriter {with 
 hardness, (jpp. to luxuriously) : Join: 
 parce ac duriter, Ter. Ad. i, I, 20. 
 
 fruit: 1. fructus, I'ls (any kind 
 0/ produce, esp. that 0/ trees : used In 
 most senses of tlie Kng.) : spring shon s 
 the promise 0/ /., the lemainivg seasons 
 are adapted /or crojiping aut housing 
 it, ver ostendit fuluros fr. : reli(iua teni- 
 pora demetenilis fr. et percipiendis ac- 
 comniodala sunt, Cic. .Si-n. 19, 70 ; the 
 /s 0/ trees, arljorum fr., Quint. 8, 5, 26: 
 vines laden with /.. graves fructu viteg. 
 Quint. 8. ?, 8: of animals: a cow begins 
 to bear /. /rom tu o or three years old, 
 vacca a bitna aut triina fructum feire 
 incipit, Varr. : v. pnontrcE, offspring. 
 Fig.: the /. 0/ studies, studiorum fr.. 
 Quint. 8, pie/. ^ zf> : to receive the /. 0/ 
 ililiyence, diligeiitiae fructum recipere. 
 Oil. "Br. 62, 222. 2. tru.x. Irugis. /. 
 (usu. in pi. : the produce 0/ the soil in 
 general : rarely used of the truit of 
 trees) the earth teeming wiih /.s, terra 
 feta frugiliu.s, Cic. : the cultivation 0/ 
 the soil and the housing 0/ the/.s 0/ the 
 earth, cultus agrorum perceprioque fru- 
 gimi, Cic. Hep. 2.14 the tresis boned 
 down with /., curvatur frugibus arbos, 
 Ool poet. 10, J9 : V. PRODUCE. K 1 g. . 
 that precneious kind 0/ minds seld/nn or 
 ■never comes to any /., illud ingeniorum 
 velut praecox genus non teiiieie un- 
 quam pervenit ad frugeni. Quint, i, 5. 
 ; . the/.s 0/ industry, indtistriae Iruges, 
 Cic. Gael. ;i. 76 v. result. 3. fetus, 
 us {produce: oftener of the yield 0/ 
 Jtocks) : the trees grow and are laden 
 with /., arbores crescunl fetuque gra- 
 vantur, l,ucr. Kig. /. 0/ the mind, 
 I. aniuii. Cic. I'usc. 5, 24, 68. 4. po- 
 nium {any round-shaped /., sucli as an 
 apple, pew h, plum): a regiim abound- 
 ing neither in /.s nor in grapes, regio 
 nee pomo feta nee uvis, Ov. I'ont. i, 7, 
 ij: the/.s lie scattered hither and 
 thither each under its tree, strata ja- 
 cent passim sua quaeque sub arbore 
 p., Virg. E. 7, 54: all the /olia/jC and 
 / {0/ the palm) is at the top, coma 
 omnis in cacumine et p. est, I'lin. ij, 
 4, 7 ^ jo: acorns cannot be reckoned 
 amongst /s, glandes inter p. nunierari 
 non possunt, Plin. 15, 24, 26. 5. 
 
 bacca or bfua (any berry-lii.e fricit): 
 the careful husliarulman plants ties 0/ 
 whidi he willnever bettold Wn: _/'., arbores 
 serit diligens agricola quarum adspiciet 
 liaccam ipse nunquam, Cic. Tusc. i, 14, 
 JI : the /.£ 0/ trees and produce 0/ the 
 soil, arborum baecae terraeque fruges, 
 Cic. Sen. 2, 5. Phr.: to reap the/. 
 0/ folly or vickednejis: pleclor, j: what- 
 ever /oily the kings comiiiH, the Achaeans 
 reap the /. o/, (inicquid delirant reges, 
 plectuntur Acliivi, Hor. ICp. i, 2, 14: 
 we are only reapiny the/. {0/ our /oily). 
 merito plectiniur, Pliaedr., i, ji.ec-ir. : 
 in many thinijs we reap the /. 0/ neg- 
 ligence, nmU'ism rebus negligentia plee- 
 timur, Cic. Am. 22, 85. 
 fruit-bearing: 1. fmgifer: v. 
 
 FuuiTFtJL. 2. pom ifer. era, crum (os 
 trees; v, FRUIT, 4): a /.-hearinti tree, 
 p. arbor, Plin. 12, J, T. /.-bearing Au- 
 tumn, p. Auctumnus, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 11. 
 3. frugiffrens (poet.): f. -bearing 
 lands, terrae fr., Lncr. i, }. 4. 'ruc- 
 tuarius: v. fruitful (1). 
 
 fruiterer : pOmarius, Hor. S. 2, 
 3, 227- 
 
 fruitery : '■ e- _« ^'"'"'^ house for 
 fruit: 1. pomariuui (more freq. 
 
 '=orchard: q.v.): Plin. i;, 16, 18. 2. 
 oporCthcca (oTrajpoOijici)) ■ Varr. R. R. 
 I, 2, med. 
 
 fruitful: 1. fccundus {having 
 
 prolific energy) : a f. soil, f. solum. 
 Quint, 2, 19, 2 : nature has produced 
 nothing more f. than the sow, sue nihil 
 genuit natura fecund'us, Cic. : a f. 
 {chddrOeanny) ivift, f. uxci Uor, S. 2. 
 
 fields are f. which are cultivated, aeri 
 non omnes f. sunt qui coluniur, Cic. 
 Tusc 2, 5, U: Quill L : /. harvrsts, 1. 
 messes, Ov. Kig.: all phUosop/iy it f. 
 and pri.iductive, tota pbilusopliia f. et 
 fructuoba {e>t), Cii . tiff, j, 2, iuit. 3. 
 fructuosus {actually yielding J i-uit in 
 abundance) : a field liowever fertile 
 cannot be f. uithvut cultivation, agi-r 
 quanivis fertilis sine cultura fr. ei>ije 
 non potest, Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, u : Caes. ; 
 /. vine-shoots, fr. palniit. s. Col. 5, 5, 
 med.: v. puodl"CTI\e. Fig.: advan- 
 tageous, q. V. 4. fruetuiirius (Iruit- 
 bi-aring as opp. to bearing merely leaves 
 or flowers): a f. vine-shoot, palmes f., 
 OjI. 5, 6, ad Jin. : Pliii.: /. eyes {budtj 
 of the vine, {. oeuli vitis. Col. }, 18: /. 
 branches of the olive, 1. rami oleai'. CoL 
 5, 9, ad fin. 5. ferllli.s, e (which de- 
 notes capacity for fruitfulness, nut ac- 
 tual bearing ofjruit: v. supr.'i): v. 
 FERTILE. 6. ferax, acis : (sirictly 
 = fertilis, but chiefly used of lauds ac- 
 tually prmiwtive) : to render J-.yyjit 
 more /., Aegyplum ut feraclorein red- 
 deret,Suet. : /. plants, f. plaiitai-. Virg. 
 Cic- V. FERTILE. 7. Icius (= ie<un- 
 dus, but cliiifiy poet.), v tikming. 
 8, Iructiler, C-ra, 6rum : Cul. 9. 
 fiber v. FKBrrii.E, proi>ucti\ k 10. 
 felix, ieis (poet.) : /. boughs, {. rami, 
 Hor. 
 
 fruitfully : 1. fecunde : Varr. : 
 Plin. 2. fSracIter: Fig: ol the 
 
 giowth of a city, more lirxtn-iantly uiiti 
 more/., laetius leraciusque, Liv. '., i. 
 
 fruitfulness: 1. lecundilas: »a/ur« 
 has laid don-n a like law o//. /or vey.- 
 taliles, /or men, and /or other unimutf, 
 natura parein legem f. dixit vireniiliu>, 
 atque hominibus, ceterisque aniuiali- 
 bus. Col. J, 8, ijiit. : /. 0/ /lelds, f. agn- 
 rum, Cic. : to impart /. to/ields, f agrls 
 dare, Cic: u-ine inifiarts f to u-onien, 
 vinum feniinis f impi>rtat, Plin. 4, 18, 
 22: so, f. afferre, dare, addere, J'lin. 
 Fig.- /. of mind. f. animl, I'lln. pref. 
 i 5. 2. fertilitas : v. fertility. 
 
 3. iibcrtas: v. pRODrcTiv en i-ss.. 
 fruit-garden : pomarium Varr. ; 
 Hor. : V. OKCIIARD. 
 
 frvution : v. enjoyment. 
 fruitless: I. L>it. stJnlis, cas- 
 
 SUS : V. UNFRUITFITL, BARREN. ||. 
 
 Fig.; xvitltout result : 1. irrltns (In 
 Cic. ^!«ra(i(f, without legal effect): a 
 f. undertaking, I. inceptum, Liv. 29, 
 j6, extr.:f. gifts,], dona. Virg. G. 4, 
 519 : /prayers, i. preces. I'lin. jun. : v. 
 VAIN. 2. infructuosus (rare ) : /. en- 
 treaties, wf. preces, Plin. Ep. 8. 2f, 0. 
 a /". cam^a !(/», Inf militia, Tac. H. I, 
 51 : see also useless;. I'hr. to under- 
 take a f. labour, actum or acta agere 
 (prov.), Cic. Fain. 9, 18; Am. 21, 8;: 
 after f. attempts to accomplish a pur- 
 pose, infectis lis quae quis destiuaverit, 
 Caes. B.C. i, n. 
 
 fruitlessly : 1. frustra, nequlo- 
 quuni, iiKa.ssum : v. vain (in). 2, 
 casse (very rare): /. to waste time, c. 
 tempus terere, Liv. 24, 26, meil. 3. 
 irritus (in agreement with subject: cf. 
 E.G. i J4!): Ac /. presseji ujnm him 
 vith rarieit as.^aulls, varils assultibiis 
 Irritus urget, Virg. Aen. ;, 442 : he re- 
 turned as having f. underlak-ett Uie 
 embussi/, iUe ut irritus legatioiiis n-diit, 
 lac H. 4, 31, extr. 4. re Infecta: 
 Liv. 9, )2. v. precrti. art. /in. 
 
 fruit-tree: 1. pomum: to plant 
 
 olives, tlms, /ig-tre,s, / -trees, oleas, ul- 
 mos, tieos, poma, serere, Calo R. K. 28 : 
 to lira ft /.-trees, poma inserere, Plin. 
 Ep! 6,"5, ji: Virg. 2. pomas,i, /. .- 
 Tib. 2, I, 4?. 3. expr. by adj. with 
 arbor, as pomifera arbor: v. jiBirr- 
 
 BEARING. 
 
 frustrate : 1. dMmo, Cmi, emp- 
 
 tum, ? i,lo break off, discmcerl) : to / 
 an undertaking, rem susi-epiam d., Cic 
 
 Leg. 2, 12, JI : V. To BBEAK OFF {A. 11./ 
 
 X.B._Not. of course, to l>e used with 
 Tef. to persons. 2. discutiA ssi,hsum, 
 } (to upset, "knock on the luad'"): I 
 327
 
 FRUSTRATION 
 
 FULL. 
 
 FULL 
 
 hadf.d the whole affair, rem totam dis- 
 cusseram, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, init.: to f. 
 the designs of the ene.m.ti. consiUa hos- 
 tium d., Front. Strat. 4, 7, ji- 3. 
 disturbo, i (to upset) -. to f. a marriage, 
 iiuptias d, I'er. Andr. i, 2, 11 : to f. 
 and pervert a law, legem d. atque per- 
 vertere, Cic. Agr. 2, n. loi- 4. »" 
 pass. ; to be f.d : frustra esse : no plan 
 or undertaking of his was ever f.d, cu- 
 jus neque consilium neque Inceptum 
 uUum f. erat, Sail. Jug. 7, extr. .- Liv. 
 2, 25 : we must exert ourselxjes that they 
 may be f.d, annitendum est ut illi f. 
 Bint, Sail. Jug. 85, ad init. : v. to dis- 
 APPOrNT. 5, also in pass. : expr. by 
 ad or in Irritum and a verb : v. to fail 
 (HI, 5.). (N B.— Not frustror in this 
 sense : laborem frustrari however oc- 
 curs in Col. pref. nied. : in Cic. frustror 
 is to disappoint, cheat, deceive.) 
 
 frustration ; 1. frustratio (usu. 
 implying deception : cf. Liv. 38, 25, 
 where it =feint, stratagem : also id. j, 
 24 ; where f. legis toUendae =0 trick to 
 «vade the law) : Plane, in Cic. Fam. 10, 
 2i,adfin. 2, ^>^pr. by ger. or part. : 
 " surely the f. of their hopes could not 
 hut enrage them " (South), *immo fieri 
 non potuit, quin spe destituti dolore 
 atque ira afficerentur (e.xardesccrent) : 
 on account of the f. of that plan, di- 
 rempto eo consilio, etc. : v. to frus- 
 trate, DISAPPOINT. 
 
 fry (subs.): I. hit., the numerous 
 progeny offish : examen, inis, n. : Pliny 
 has examina piscium of the multitudes 
 of small fish carried up Into the air, as 
 he supposes, with water, ji, i, i : v. 
 SWARM. Sometimes siiboles may suf- 
 fice : V. OFFSPRING. II, of human 
 beings (contemptuously) : perh. quis- 
 quiliae, arum (lit. refuse) : the f. of the 
 Clodian cabal, q. Clodianae seditionis, 
 Cic. Sext. 4?, extr. The f. of common 
 people, plebecula, Cic. Att. i, 16, 6: 
 Hor. : pOpellus, Hor. Ep. i, 7, 65. 
 
 fry (d.) : frigo, xi, ctum, j : eggs f.'d 
 in oil, ova fricta ex oleo, Plin. 29, J, 11 
 $ 44 : Hor. 
 
 frying-pan : 1. sartago, inis, /. .- 
 Juv. 10, 64 ; Plin. 2. fifitaie, is, n. : 
 Apic. 7, 5. 
 
 fuddled : temfilentus, ebrius : v. in- 
 toxicated. 
 
 fudge (inter j.) : gerrae ! PI. As. i, 
 }, 10. . 
 
 fuel: 1. ^igna. (wood for burn- 
 ing) : they use coxv-dung for /., timo 
 bubulo pro lignis utuntur, Liv. j8, 18: 
 Hor. 2, crgmia (sticks) : v. fire- 
 wood. 3. allmentum (lit. nourish- 
 ment: poet.): pitch and uax, and other 
 things that serve as f. to the flames, 
 picem et ceras alimentaque cetera flam- 
 mae, Ov. Met. 14, 552: cf. arida nutri- 
 menta, Virg. Aen. i, 175. To get f. (milit. 
 t. t.) : lignor, I : Caes. : Liv. Phr. : to 
 add f. to the flames (pro v.), oleum ad- 
 dere camino, Hor. S. 2, }, J2i : when the 
 minds of the soldiers were already on 
 fire, Maevius Fudens had as it were 
 added f. to the flames, flagrantibus Jam 
 militum animis, velut faces addiderat 
 M. P., Tac. H. I, 24. liiv. uses faces in 
 the sense of dry sticks, 22, 16. 
 
 fugitive (adj.) .- | . Flying quickly : 
 fugax • the f. years, f. anni, Hor. : v. 
 FLEETING. ||. Running anay, that 
 has run auay: 1, fugitivus (esp. 
 of slaves) ; v. runaway, and full. art. 
 2. prOfugus : /. household gods, f. 
 penates. Prop. 4, i, jg: v. foil. art. 
 
 fugitive (subs.) : 1. profiigus, /. 
 prOfuga (from country and home : 
 strictly adj.) : give help to the f., pro- 
 fugo affer opem, Ov. : o f. by destiny, 
 fato pr., Virg. : af.from home, dorao pr., 
 Liv. With gen. : Tiridates a f. from 
 his kingdom, T. regni prof., Tac. Ann. 1 5, 
 I. 2. fugitivus (a term of contempt 
 and reproach) .- Jugurtha a f. from his 
 dominions.} regni f., Flor. j, 1,12: Hor. 
 (In Cic. only of fugitive slaves : v. bun- 
 AWAT.) 3. extorris, is, c. {expa- 
 triaied) : v. exjled. N.B. — Though 
 the adj. profugus appears not to occur 
 In Cic, the verb prolugio is freq. : as, he 
 i28 
 
 became a f. from his kingdom, ex suo 
 regno profugit, id. Manil. 9, 23. 
 
 fugitiveneSS : *fugax natura : V. 
 
 FUGITIVE. 
 
 fulcrum : of a lever : pressio : the 
 f. which the Greeks call vtto/xoxAioi', pr. 
 quod Graeci iin. appellant, Vitr. 10, j 
 (8), 2. 
 
 fulfil: i. e. to accomplish fully : 1, 
 expleo, evi, etum, 2 : to f. the office of 
 friendship, amicitiae munus exp., Cic. 
 Am. 19, 67 : to f. the duty of icriting, 
 exp. ofBcium scribendi, Cic. Fam. 16, 
 2 5 : tof. a commission, mandatum exp., 
 Gai. Dig. 16, 1,27. 2. impleo, 2 (less 
 strong than preced.) : to promise what 
 you cannot f., id profiler! quod non 
 possis i., Cic. Clu. 18, 51 . to f. a pro- 
 mise, promissum i., Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 6: 
 Tac. : to /. the prophecies, vatieinia 1., 
 Lact. 3, fungor, perfungor, nctus, j 
 (with abl.): v. to discharge. 4. 
 praesto, stiti, stitum, i (to make good ; 
 as, a promise; to meet any legal call 
 or responsibility) : / at least willf. my 
 duty to the comvwnicealth, ego cene 
 meum reip. officium praestitero, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 2; : Cic. : V. to perform. 5. 
 exsequor, cutus, }: v. to caert out. 
 See also foil. art. 
 
 fulfilled (part, adj.) : of hopes, 
 prayers, etc.: ratus: she prays that her 
 visions may be /., r. sint sua visa pre- 
 catur, Ov. Met. 9, 70} : may the god- 
 dess cause your prayers to be /., efficiat 
 ratas diva preces, Ov. F. i, 696 : drunk- 
 enness bids hopes be f., ebrietas spes 
 jubet esse r., Hor. Ep. i, ?, 17. Phr.: 
 how many nf their predictions are f., 
 quota quaeque res evenit priiedicta ab 
 lis.' Cic. Div. 2, 24, 52: if at any time 
 some dream has been f., si quando ali- 
 quod somnium verum evaserit, ib. 53, 
 init. 
 
 fulfilment : v. accomplishment : 
 often best expr. by ger. or part. : e. g. 
 " with what confidence ought we to wait 
 for the f. of all liis other pi-omises" 
 (Blair), •quain fidenter exspectare opor- 
 tet donee cetera sua promissa rata fa- 
 ciat, impleat; v. to fulfil. August, 
 has completio prophetiae, in sense of 
 /• "f prophecy. 
 
 fuliginous : fullgineus, fQliglnosus : 
 v. sooTr. 
 
 full • I. Pitted nrith ; abowi.iing 
 in : 1. plenus (with gen. or less fre- 
 quently abl. : half-full, seniiplenus, 
 Cic: Liv.): in most senses: (a), lit. 
 filled with : a jar f. of gold, aula auri 
 pi., PI. : purses f. of silver, zonae pi. 
 argenti, C. Grac. ap. Gell. (b). abound- 
 ing in : Gaul is f. of Roman citizens, 
 Gallia est pi. civium Romanorura, Cic. : 
 o house f. of chased plate, doraus pi. 
 coelati argenti, Cic. : a life f. of plea- 
 sures, vita pi. voluptatibus, Cic Fig.: 
 /. of deceit, fraudis pi., PI. : /. of busi- 
 ness, pi. negotii, Cic. : /. of anger, pi. 
 irae, Liv.: lam f. of expectation about 
 Pompey, pi. sum exspectatione de Pom- 
 peio, Cic. : what country in the world 
 is notf. of our sufferings, quae regio in 
 terris nostri non pi. laboris ? Virg. 
 (c). fully fed, fully supplied : a dor- 
 mouse withf. body, nitedula pi. corpore, 
 Hor. : 1/014 uere f. with very little, pi. 
 enis minimo, Ov. : Verres had departed 
 f. (of wealth), Verres pi. decesserat, 
 Cic. : a f. table, pi. mensa, Virg. . a f. 
 banquet, pi. convivium. Suet.: a f. 
 vine, i. e., loaded with grapes, pi. vitis, 
 Ov.: I have received three letters from 
 you; one short, two fuller, tres a te ac- 
 cepi literas: unam brevem; duas ple- 
 niores, Cic. : a fuller speech, plenior 
 oratio, Cic. : /. of years, plenus annis, 
 Plin. (d). of sounds ; opp. to thin, 
 meagre : af. voice, [grandis et] pi. vox, 
 Cic. Br. 84, 289 : Quint. : fuller syllables, 
 pleniores syllabae, Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28. 
 (e). = complete : a f. and entire year, 
 pi. annus atque integer, Cic. Mil. 9, 24 : 
 the f. number, pi. numerus, Cic. Rep. 
 6, 12: now marriageable with f. years, 
 pi. jam nubilis annis, Virg. Aen. 7, 5J : 
 the f. moon, luna pi., Caes. : v. moon. 
 2. repletus (well-stocked with, pos- 
 
 sessing in abundance ; with abl. and 
 less freq. gen.: in Cic. only as part.): 
 a homf. of fruits and fragrant flowers, 
 cornu pomis et odoro flore r., Ov. M. 
 
 9, 87 : an island f. of forests, insula r 
 silvis, Plin. i2, 10, 21 : paths f. of boyt 
 and women, r. semitae puerorum et 
 mulierum, Liv. 6, 25. 3. rgfertus 
 (crowded with, abounding in : with a6J. 
 or gen.) : villas f. of ornament, vlllae 
 omamentis r., Cic. Verr. 4, 57, 126: a 
 wax tablet f. of marks, cera r. notis, 
 Ov. A. I, 12. 8 : a house f. 0/ gamblers, 
 domus aleatoribus r., Cic. Phil, 2, 27, 
 67 : Gaul is f. of merchants, r. Gallia 
 negotiatorum est, Cic. Font. init. Fig.: 
 a life f. of good things, vita r. bonis, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, 31, init. : letters f. of the 
 greatest possible kindness, literae r. 
 omnl officio, Cic. y. Fr. 2, 15, init. • 
 poems f. of insults, carmina r. contu- 
 meliis, Tac. 4. f'equens, ntis (crowd- 
 ed : sometimes with abl.) : the Nile is 
 f. of wild animals and monsters, Nilus 
 (est) feris et belluis fr., Plin. 5, 9, 10 
 i^ 53: Liv.: absol., a f. senate as- 
 sembled, senatus fr. convenit, Cic. Fam. 
 
 10, 12, med.: in a very f. senate, ire- 
 quentissimo senatu, Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99: 
 V. crowded. 5, creber, bra, brum 
 (with abl. : crowded with, thick with): 
 a grove f. of reeds, c. arundinibus lucus, 
 Ov. Fig.:/, of sentiments, thoughts 
 (of a speaker), c. senteutiis. Quint. ic\ 
 I, 102 : Thucydides is f. of matter, 
 Thucydides c. est reruin frequentia, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 13, 56: you know that of late 
 everybody has been f. of this, how that 
 I. etc., scitis per hos dies creberrimum 
 fuisse sermonem, me, etc., Cic. Phil. 14, 
 5, 14. 6, densus (with abl.: thick 
 with) : the Tiber f. of eddies, Tibris 
 vorticibus d., Ov. F. 6, 502. Fig.: 
 Euripides f. of sentiments, thoughts, 
 E. sententiis d.. Quint. 10, i, 68. 
 Phr.: a tract of land f. of brushicood, 
 ager arbustis consitus, Sail. Jug. 53: 
 standing corn with f. and close ears, 
 seges spicis uberibus et crebris, Cic. 
 Fm. 5, 30, 91 : the moon was /., lit., 
 visible all night, luna pemox erat, Liv. 
 5, 28 : to be f. of anything, i. e., to be 
 ever talking of it, habere aliquid in 
 ore, Cic. Fam. 6, 18, extr.: everybody is 
 f. of it, in ore est omni populo, Ter. 
 Ad. I, 2, 13 (see also, supr. 1, 6): N.B. 
 — Full of may sometimes be expressed 
 by means of a deriv. adj. : e. g., f. of 
 joy, laetabuudus, Gell. :/. of frolic, ludi- 
 
 liundus, Liv. (coinp. GelL 11, 15) : /. of 
 wine, vinSlentus, Cic. : for which, v. 
 jotful, frolicsome, etc. : to the /., 
 V completely. II. Satisfied with 
 food: saiur, iira, urum (with gen.) : f„ 
 of all kinds of good things inside, intus 
 omnium rerum s., Ter. Ad. 5, i, 3 ; /. 
 of dainties, altilium s., Hor. Ep. i, 7, 
 3;: absol., a f. guest, conviva s., Hor. 
 S. I, I, 119. 2, plenus: v. supr.(i, 
 1. c-)- III. Pully sufficient: as, a f. 
 supply: satis, afFatim (cum gen.): v. 
 abundant. IV, Complete: 1, ple- 
 nus, Cic. : v. supr. (I, 1, e.). 2, in- 
 teger; V. entire. 3. Justus (of 
 proper or normal dimensions) : a f. 
 consular army, j. exercitus, Liv. 9, 43 : 
 Caes: v. regular. 4. s6lidus (whole, 
 unbroken) : thef. interest, usura s., Cic. 
 Att. 6, 1, 3 : to receive f. pay for only 
 half a year's service, militia semestrl 
 s. stipendium accipere, Liv. 5, 4, med. : 
 af. year, s. annus, Liv. 1,19: as subs. : 
 thef. sum, solidum : so as to pay every- 
 body his f. share, ut s. suum cuique 
 reddatur, Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46 : by 
 sync, solduni, Hor. S. 2, 5, 6?. V. O' 
 speed : plenus : he marches them at 
 f. pace up the hill, pi. gradu in col- 
 lem subducit, Sail. Jug. 98 : Liv. 4, 32, 
 ad fin. F i g. : to enter (on one's studies) 
 at f. speed, pi. gradu ingredi, Treb. in 
 Cic. Fam. 12, 16. Phr.: at f. speed 
 (denoting haste), citato gradu, Liv. 28, 
 14, ad fin. ; c. agmine, id. 27, 50, 
 init. : atf. gallop, citato equo, or in pi., 
 citatis equis, Liv. 1, 57 ; incitato equo, 
 Cic. N. I). }, 6, I ; : adv., at f. speed, 
 citatim (v. rare), Hirt. B. Afr. 80. VI
 
 FULL-BLOWN 
 
 PDME 
 
 FUNDAMENTAL 
 
 Ct sounds : as, o /. t<me : plenus : a 
 DOice may be either /. o; tliin, est (vox) 
 et pi. et exilis, Quiiil. ii, }, i$: Cic: 
 V. sapr. (i, 1, d.). VII. "^I dress: 
 rm,th ampU folds : fusus : a f. toga, f. 
 toga, Suet.: V. flowing. VIII. 0' 
 colour : lietp. ricit : situr (color) ; Plin. 
 JT, lO, 61 : Sl'H. 
 
 full-blown : |. L 1 1. : of flowers : 
 apenus: \'. oi-kk. ||. Fig.: mahing 
 a simw, inflated : perh. tumidus : /.- 
 blown honour, t. bonus, i'rop. 2, 24, Jl : 
 a heart f.-blovm with ambition, t. cor, 
 Hor. S. 2, ?, 21 J. I'hr. ; his extraor- 
 dinary vanity became more and more 
 f .-blown, minis aiiiiiio iiicrevit tumor, 
 Just. II, II, fin. 
 
 full-bodied . P b r. : f. -bodied wine, 
 plenum vinum, opp. to tenue, Cels. i, 
 6; vinum tirinum (that u-ill keep its 
 flamur), Virg. (_i. 2, 97 : Cell. 
 
 full "ared : •' li r- o /--eared crop, 
 segts spicis ubcribus, Cic. Fin. 5, jo, oi. 
 
 full-fed: 1, satur: v. full(JI.). 
 2. plenus : v. full (I, 1, c). 
 
 full-grown : 1. aduitus : /.- 
 
 grown virgins, virgines a., Cic. : a /.- 
 groiL-n son, filius a.. Suet. : a step-ton 
 now /.-grown, privignus adultus aetate. 
 Sail.: Cic: so of animals, plants, etc., 
 f.-groicn young 0/ dolphins, a. catuli del- 
 pbinoruni, Plin. :/.-proiOTi hair, a. crinis, 
 Stat. Fig.: when Athens was nou- not 
 in her in/ancy, but /.-grown, non na»- 
 centibus Atlieiii.s, sod jam a., Cic. Br. 7, 
 21: /-gioimt conspiracy, a. conjuratio, 
 Tac. Ann. 1;, 7;. 2. e.xcreius (rare, 
 and only of animals) : animals that are 
 /.-groaii, anlmalii {"non tenera sed] ex., 
 Laci. 2, II. med. ' 3. piibes or piiber, 
 6ris (strictly, only of men or women, 
 and having reference to marriageable 
 age): usu. as subs., all the /.-groum 
 males are wont to assemble in arms, 
 omnes p. arinati convenire consuerunt, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 56 : to put all the /.-grown 
 population to the saord, omnes p. inter- 
 ficere, Caes. B C. 2, i ! : Sail. F i g. 
 (poei.), a stalk with /.-groum leaves, 
 puberibus caulis foliis, Virg. Aen. 12, 
 41}. 4. tempestivus (in its ripe 
 
 seastm : not used of human beings ex- 
 cept poet.) : a /.-vroicn pine-tree, t. 
 pinus, V^irg. G. i, I'jis: /.-gronn matu- 
 rity, t. maturitas, Cic. Sen. 2, 7: o /.- 
 groicn maiden, t. viro virgo, Hor. Od. i, 
 2 J, extr. 
 
 full-length: Vhr. -. a /.-length 
 portrait, *iniago totius hominis figurae. 
 
 full-moon : plenllunium, Plin. 18, 
 il, 75 : more freq. expr. by plena (luna), 
 pernox : v. moon ; full. 
 
 full ("• ''■■) : i- *• '" thicken cloth as 
 do/ullers : duro, l : PI. As. 5, 2, 57. 
 
 fuller (!««&*•)•■ fullo, 6nis,«i. : Plin.: 
 Mart. : the trade or art 0/ a /., ars ful- 
 lonica (al. fuUonia), Plin. 7, 56^1196: 
 or simply fuUonica, PI. As. 5, 2, 27 : 
 fuller's earth, crela fullonica, Plin. 
 
 fullery : l- e. a/ullefs shop or mill : 
 fuUonica (-oiiia), Ulp. i), }, }, init. : 
 in pi., fullonica, oruni, ib. 7, i, i}, ad 
 fin. 
 
 fulling {fUbS.): v. FULLER. 
 
 fulling-mill; v fullf.ry. 
 
 fully : i. ''^ the full, completely • 
 
 1. plcne : to accomplish anything f. 
 
 and completely, p. cmuulaleque aliquid 
 
 perficere, Cic. I)iv. 2, 1, I : v. cosi- 
 
 PI.KTELY, ALTtXlKTHKK. 2. amplltCT 
 
 (rare) : /. engaged, a. occupatus, PI. Cist. 
 2, J, 54: Cell. II. Of writing; as, (o 
 treat f. : i. copiose : to spak /. on 
 any subject, c de aliqua re dicere, Cic. : 
 v. COPIOUSLY. 2. late (opp. to concisely 
 or with compression) : to speak rather 
 more /. (upon any subject), latius di- 
 cere, Cic. Fin. 2,6, 17: v. FKEELY and 
 in/r. 3. &bundanter (luith /all, 
 
 ample treatment) : to speak copiously 
 and /., copiose et a loqul, Cic. de Or. 
 2, J5. extr. : to prove /., a. demonstrare, 
 Auct Her. }, init. 4. fuse (at large, 
 /reely: often with some other word): 
 to speak /. and at Ifngth, (. luteque di- 
 cere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 26. 57 : and v. sqq. 
 5. Cbgrius, uberrime (more /., 
 nott /. . the positive is not used) : to 
 
 discuss more /. and more al large, ube- 
 rius fusiusque disputare, Cic. N. I). 2, 
 7. 20; latius et uberlus, Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 
 extr. : to treat a point most /., locum 
 utxTrime tractare, Cic. 
 fulminate (v. tr.i.- i.e. to launch 
 
 (cii; lliundei bolts : }'hr. : to/, (some- 
 thing) against any one, fulnien quod- 
 dain in aliquem intenlare Qniittere, 
 conjicere]: the dictatorial authority had 
 been /.d against them, dictatorium ful- 
 men in se intentaiuni, Liv. 6, 39 : to/, 
 reproaches and menaces agonist one, 
 prubra alicul et mlnas intendere, Tac. 
 Ann. J, ;(>. 
 
 fulmination : perh. verborum ful- 
 mliia, Cic. Fam. 9, 21 ; or, minae : v. 
 
 THKEATS. 
 
 fulmine : i- e. to thunder and 
 lighten (tig.) ; intone, fulguro : v. to 
 
 TllUNIiKK. 
 
 fulness : I. The condition of 
 
 being full : plenit;is (rare): the f. of 
 the clouds, i. e., of moisture, nubiuni pi., 
 Vitr. II. Abundance, riches : 1. 
 ubertas : /., variety, copiousness 0/ 
 speech, orationis u., varietas, copia, Cic. 
 Bal. I, } : v. cxwiousNESS. 2. copia : 
 
 V. ABUNDANCE, COl'IOtJSNESS. (N.B. - 
 
 Not plenitudo in this sense ; which 
 however occurs in Vulg. Job. i. i6: de 
 plenitudine ejus nos omnes recepimus.) 
 Ill, Of sounds, opp. to meagreness, 
 thinness: plenitudo: cf. Auct. Her. 4, 
 20. IV. Of colour, deepness, rich- 
 ness: sitturitas: Plin. 9, 39, 64. ^N.B. 
 — Jn most senses, /ulvess may be expr. 
 by an adj. : to have great clearness and 
 /. 0/ voice, *voce admodum chira plena- 
 que [praediuim] esse: v. full.) 
 
 fulsome: i. e. offensive : perh. puti- 
 dus (lii. 0/ offensive smell) : a word used 
 by Cic. of any extravagance or affecta- 
 tion which becomes disgusting: v. af- 
 fected. In speaking of Jlattery, hu- 
 milis or infimus may do : a /. flatterer 
 of the queen, humillimiis assentator 
 reginae, Veil. 2, 8; : most f. protefta- 
 tions, infimae obsccrationes, Tac. Ann. 
 I, 12. 
 
 fulsomely : 1. perh. humllUer 
 (grovellingly) : cf. Liv. 24,25: servire 
 humilitcr. 2. servililer (in an abject, 
 slavish mattner) : Tac. H. i, j6. 
 
 fulsomeneSS : expr. hy CLdj. or 
 adv. : disliking such f. of flattery, 
 *aversatus tiun humiles [parumque 
 liberales] assentationes ; nolens se adeo 
 humiliter adulari. 
 
 fumble : 1. explore, i : her hand 
 f.sfoi- tke way in the dark, ex. caecum 
 (raauus) iter, Ov. Met. 10, 455. 2. 
 tento, praetento, i : v. to feel. (But 
 the al'ove do not convey the accessory 
 idesLof confusion, awkwardness : it may 
 perh. Ix; e.xpr. by adding trepidanier or 
 trepide, rustice, etc : v. hurriedly, 
 
 AWKWARDLY.) 
 
 fumblingly : perh. trepldanter (in 
 an alarmed, cojifused manne)-) : Suet. 
 Ner. 49 ; or tiiubanter (as one stumb- 
 ling and tripping) : v. faltk.ringly. 
 Sometimes tentabundus (feeling the 
 ivay, step by step), in agreement with 
 subj. : cf. Liv. 21, j6, init. 
 
 tojoie (subs.) : I, Volatile vapour 
 rising from some substance : balitus, 
 us, m. (in sing.) : the f.s front lead-fur- 
 naC'S are noxious, plumbi foniacium h. 
 noxius, Plin. 34^ 1 8, 50; thef.sofAvernus, 
 h. Avenii, Val. Fl. (v. exhalation) : 
 of tJte f.s of wine from tlte mouth of 
 drunkards, ex ore ebrlorum h. cadi, 
 
 Plin. 14, 22, 28 ^ 142; V. BREATH. II. 
 
 The after effects of tiine (.>ee also supr. 
 
 L): crapiila: to sleep off, get rid of, the 
 f.s of v.-ine, or. edormire, exhalare, Cic. 
 "Phil. 2, 12, JO ; cr. amovere, PI. Ps. 5, 
 
 I, 46; cr. Uiscutere, Plin. 21, 20, 8j. 
 
 III. Fig.: the f.s of passion, ira, 
 
 pi. irae (v. anger) the f.s of anger 
 
 subside, defervescit Ira. Cic Tusc 4, 
 
 36, 78 ; deflagrat ira, I,lv. 40, 8 ; ira 
 
 evanescit. Sen. Ir. 1, 8, 6. 
 fume (<•'•)•■ chiefly used fig., to be 
 
 hot with anger: 1, exaestuo, 1: he 
 fs with rfl^e, mens (ejus) ex.iestM;it ira, 
 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 798 : gri^' wnjincU /j 
 
 within, inclosus dolor ex. intus. Or. Tc 
 5, I, (>}• 2. stODi4chor. I (only witlj 
 personal subject) : to /. and be put out, 
 St. et moleste lerre, Cic. Faui. 15, i(c. 
 Ter. : V. TO rage. 
 
 fumigate : 1. sufrio. 4 : tof. and 
 purify houses, dumo?' «. el purgare, plla 
 25, 5, 21 : the wine-cellar must be fd 
 with sweet jierfumes, CflU vinaria bonis 
 odoribus suffiemla, Col. 12, 18, med. 
 2. ffindgo, I : to f. (purify) hirxt, 
 alvos f, Varr. R. R. 3, 16. ante med.. 
 to f. poultry-houses, galliiiaria f., GjI. 
 3. suffdmigo, I (to f. from tie- 
 neath): to f. a hive from beneath, al- 
 vum suf., Varr. : to f. vessels from 
 beneath, vasa suf., 0)1. : Cels. 4. 
 viiporo, I (poet.): to f. a temple with 
 incense, templum tnre v., Virg. Aen. 
 II, 481. Phr. : tof. hix-et by setting 
 cow-dung on fire, ui funius immittatur 
 [alvis] lactus incenso bubulo firao, Col. 
 
 9, 14, I7lt(. 
 
 fumigation : 1, sulTitio : Col. : 
 PI. 2. sufTuiis, us, III. : Plin. 3. 
 
 expr. by \ eib : to purify by /., fumo 
 immisso purgare, etc. ; v. to fdmi- 
 
 GATE. 
 
 fumitory : capnos, i, /. : Plla 25, 
 13, 99. (.Fumaria, Linn.). 
 
 fan : jOcus, ludus ; v. sport, joke. 
 I'll r. : irhat's f. to you is death to ut, 
 quod ridiculum est tibi, nobis sane mo- 
 lestum est, cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 66, 148 : he 
 thinks I am made just for his f. and 
 gratification, sibi me pro ridiculo ac 
 delecUimento puiat, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 
 extr. : to make f. of any one, aliquem 
 ludificari, ludibrio habere (v. fool, 
 phr.) : tell me what teas the next f. you 
 had, ilia redde mihi, quae deinceps ri- 
 sisti, Hor. S. 2, 8, 80 : whatf. we would 
 have had, quantum lusissemus, risisse- 
 nius ! Plin. Ep. i, 15, 3- 
 
 function : 1. ofTlcium (sperial 
 work) : Vie f. of body (matter), of. u>r- 
 poris, Lucr. i, 337 : the f. of an orator, 
 of. oratoris, Cic. de Or. i, 31, 138: v. 
 DCTY. 2. nmnus (task, responsibi- 
 lity) : a lofty f, grande m., Hor. Od. 2, 
 I, II. In pi., niunia, only in nom. and 
 ace, occurs in s;ime sense : to fulfil the 
 f.s of a leader, m. duels iraplerc, Tac. 
 H. 1 , 62 : Cic. : Liv. 3. actio (laio- 
 ful course of procedure on the part of a 
 magistrate) : a consular /.. Liv. 4, 5j, 
 init. 4. pa""*, partes : v. part, pbo- 
 
 VIKCE. 
 
 functionary : mSgistratus, tis : v. 
 magistrate, officer. 
 
 fund : I. ^ stock of money ; esp. 
 in revenue: Phr. : a?-e«tri'€<i/.,aurum 
 in sanctiore aerario ad ultimos casus 
 servatum, Liv. 27. 10: a f. of u^ealtk 
 amassed, coUecta pecunia, Hor. Ep. i, 
 10, 47. v. MONEY. II. In pi., the 
 
 pviilic funds, the credit of the iiation : 
 perh. *publica fides, or syngrjphae 
 publicae (v. credit, bond) : to put 
 money in the f.s, *pecuniam fide pub- 
 lica sunipia collocare, niutuam Aire : to 
 call in money from the f.s, •pecunlam 
 f. publica coilociitiim religere (v. to «- 
 V1-.ST, call in) : the /.s are high or low, 
 *X publica Stat, jacel ; syngrapliae pub- 
 licae majoris, minoris staiit. |||. 
 •F i g. : as, a f. of learn ing, of wit. ttc. : 
 Phr.: he had an ineihaustible f. of 
 wit. *facetlae in eo eranl inexliaustae : 
 this work contains a vast f. ifleaniivg, 
 refertus est liber multiplici variaque 
 doctrina, comp. Suet. Ur. 10. iiifd. ; un 
 amazing/ q/' maienal /or the speaker, 
 mirabilis copia dicciidi, Cic IVp. 18. 67. 
 
 fundament: 1. ''.»"»• '•„"••• 
 
 Cic: Cels. 2. piwi'X, Icis, i». : llur. : 
 Juv. 3, cuius, i, m. : Cmu : Marl. 
 4 sedes, is, /"., sing, or pi. (" the 
 seat"): Plin. 23, 3, 37; 22, 21. 29. 
 CS.h. — Podex and cuius are obscene 
 terms.) 
 
 fundamental : perh. primus or ui- 
 liinus (starniinii at the pnnt jarthesl 
 back in the clinin of causes): the /. 
 bodies, i. e., the /•:iiicurean atoms, cor- 
 pora pr., Lticr. I. 62 : /. causes, ultimae 
 causae, llor. Od. 1, 16,18. F. principles, 
 prlnclpia orum : e. g., pr. Juris, naturae 
 120
 
 T-UNDAMENTALLY 
 
 FURNISH 
 
 FURRED, FURRY 
 
 Cic; V pRiciPLE. Phr.: to take this 
 (doctrine) as a f. principle, hinc ex- 
 ordia sumere, Lucr. i, 150: v. foun- 
 dation. 
 
 fundamentally : penitus, omnino : 
 V. ALTCK3KTHKR. Phr.: things f. dif- 
 ferent, adversis frontibus pugnantia, 
 Hor. S. I. I, loj to differ f. in opinion, 
 non nomine [specie] solum sed re dif- 
 lerre, ct. Cic. Acad. 2, >, 15 
 
 fund-holder. *qui pecunias fide 
 publica collocatas habet. 
 
 funeral (subs.) .- 1. fiinus, eris, 
 n. (the most comprehen.-ive term) . to 
 celebrate a person's f., f. alicui facere, 
 Cic. Clu. 9, 28 ; ducere (with rtf, tu ihe 
 f. procession), Cic. Quint. 15, 50 to 
 pei'form the due rites for a father's /., 
 paterno f. justa solvere, Cic. K. Am. 8, 
 2}. to celebrate a /., f. celebrare, Liv. 
 8, 10, ad Jin.: to attend a /., veuire (if 
 of a number of people, cowvenire) in f, 
 funeri operam dare, Cic. : prodire in 
 funus, Ter. Andr. i, i, 88 an honour- 
 able /., f. honestum, Nep. : a commwi 
 (opp. to honourable)/., f. translaticiuui. 
 Suet. Ner Jj, exir. : f. procession, 
 pompa funeris, Cic. 2, justa, orum 
 (with or without funebria, the regular 
 f. ceremonies : v. formalities) : toper- 
 form the ceremonies of ./., j. funebria 
 conficere, Caes B. G. 6, 19; funeri j. 
 solvere, Cic. (v. supr.) ; j. praestare, 
 persolvere. Curt. ; j. peragere, Plin. 
 3. exsfiquiae, arum (the f proces- 
 sion and obsequies) : to be deprived of 
 burial and the ceremonies of f, sepul- 
 tura el justis exsequiarum carere, Cic. 
 Leg. 2, 17, 12: to attend anu one's f., 
 prosequi exs. funeris, Cic. Clu. 71; if 
 out of respect to the dead, convenire ad 
 ex. cohonestandas, Cic. Quint. 15, extr. ; 
 to celebrate airy Okie's f. (formally), ex. 
 celebrare, Liv. 2;, 17, fin. : to honour 
 v'ith a roi/al f, ex. regio more facere, 
 Just. 58, etctr. 4. suprema (the last 
 honours : a late expr.) : to celebrate the 
 f. of soldiers, s. militibus solvere, Fac. 
 Ann. I, 61, init. : the f. of Augustus, 
 Nero, etc., s. Angusti, Neronis, Tac. 
 5. dona ultima (poet.) : cf. d. ulti- 
 ma ferre, Ov. Am. 3,9, 50 : Val. Fl. 
 
 funeral (.adj.) ; 1. fiinebris, e : /. 
 rites, f. justa, Caes. B. G. 6, 18, extr. (al. 
 funeribus): a f. oration, f. contio, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 84, 541 : a f. feast, garments, 
 etc., f. epulum, vestimenta, Cic: a f. 
 ode, f. carmen (=nenia). Quint (N.3. 
 — Funebris has often the sense of lor 
 mentable, deadly.) 2. fiinereus (poet.) : 
 /. torches, f. faces, Virg. : a f. wreath, 
 f. frons, Virg. 3. fiinerarius, fiine- 
 raticius (- tins), in special phr. • an 
 action about a f., actio funeraticia. 
 Pomp. Dig. II, 7, JO (oi. funeraria): the 
 f. fee, funeraticiuni (as stibs.), Inscr. in 
 Forcell. 4. feralis, e : v. funereal, 
 
 DISMAL. 
 
 funeral-pile: rOgus, pyra: v 
 
 PILE. 
 
 funereal : L e. appertaining to the 
 tomb, gloomy. 1. fiinebris, e : the f. 
 cypress, f. cupressus, Hor. : v. funeral 
 (adj.). 2. feralis, e : thef. cypress, t. 
 cupressus, Ov Tr. j, ij, 21 : f. strains 
 (of the owl), f. carmina, Virg. Aen 4, 
 462. 3. liigubris, e : v mournful. 
 
 fungous : fungosus : /. bark, cortex 
 f., Plin. 16, 5,8 i"! 24: Col. 
 
 fungus : 1 fungus, i, «i. : Plin. 
 V, MUSHROOM. 2. agaricon, or -um 
 (the tinder f.) : Plin. 2;, 9, 57. 
 
 funnel : 1. infundibiilum (the 
 
 common word); Calo R. K. ij : a nar- 
 row-mouthed f., 1. angusto ore, Pall. : 
 Col. 2. cornu, iis (lit. a ftorn , a f. 
 made of horn) : to pour in by a horn f., 
 inserto infundere c, Virg. G j, 509. 
 Dimin., cornlculum (a small f. of tfie 
 kind). Col. 3. (Q infurnlbulum (for 
 inhaling smoke) . Plin. 24, 15, 8; (but 
 infundibulum is probably the true read- 
 ing). 4. trajectorium (a smofcing- 
 pipe, used medicaDy) : v pipe. 
 
 fujinel-sliaped : *infuudibuli for- 
 mam babeus. 
 
 funny : ridtciilus, festlvus V laugh- 
 able, AUnSING. 
 
 fur : I. Tlie soft coat of an ani- 
 mal : 1. laiia (usu. = nool) .• the f 
 of tJie hare, 1. anserina, Ulp. Oig. J2. J 
 (l). 70. 2. pilus (used both collect, 
 in sing., and in pi. of the hairy coats of 
 animals in general) : cf. Plin. 7,1} 2, 
 where the diff. coverings of animals are 
 enumerated Varr. 3. ca(iilliis (hair, 
 coarse or fine): softer than the f. of a 
 rabbit, niollior cuiiiculi capillo. Cat. 25, 
 init. 4. villus (usu. in pi. • on 11 
 thick, hairy coating): v hair. (N.B. 
 — There is no Latin word precisely 
 equiv to our fur, an distinguished from 
 the down [pluma] of birds, and the liair 
 or «'OoJ of animals.) Phr a f cloak, 
 ♦pallium ex pelle factum v. skin. 
 II. A coating on the tongue : perh. 
 tegumentum fungosum : v furred (li.). 
 
 furbelow . (•') instita v. flounce. 
 
 furbish-up: 1, interpOlo, I lo 
 f. up a toga, togam int., Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 
 12, I : Ulp. Dig. 2. perh. reuovo, 1 ; 
 comp. Cic. Q. Fr 1. c, and Acad, i, j, 11. 
 
 furioas : 1. liiriosus (strictly 
 
 mad : hence of passion winch reseiyibles 
 madness) : unbridled and f. passion, 
 effrenata ac f. cupiditas, Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 
 init. : f. vociferation, f. vociferatio, 
 Quint. V. mad. 2. furibundus (full 
 of rage), the cruel and f attacks of a 
 bandit, latronis impetus crudeles ac f., 
 Cic. Phil. I{, 9, 19 Sail Cat. }l,extr.: 
 a bull f. at the loss of its mate, taurus 
 vacca f. adempta, Ov 3, fiirens, 
 ntis (part, of furo). x. TO rage, bag- 
 iNG. 4. saevus : v. fierce, savage. 
 5. vghemens. ntis (very violent, as 
 if beside oneself): cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 26, 
 vehemens lupus, et sibi et hosli pariter 
 iratus : v. violent. Join- vehemens 
 acerque, Cic. Caec. 10, 28. 
 
 to be : 1. furo, J (lit. to 
 
 bemad): to be f. ictth pain, dolore f., 
 Ov.: V. TO rage. 2. saevio, 4 (to be 
 savage): thefatlier is f. because his son 
 won't marry, pater ardens s. quod fillus 
 nxorem recuset, Hor S. 1,4, 49. 
 
 furiously : 1. fiiribundus, fiirens 
 (in agr. with subject: L. G. ^ 34?) 
 comp. Sail. Cat. Ji, extr. 2. furiose 
 (v. rare in this sense), Spart. Hadr. 12. 
 3, vghgmenter (ve>-y violently) : to 
 fight jf., vehementissime proehari, Hirt. 
 
 B. G. 8, ;6 : V. VIOLENTLY. 
 
 furiousneSS ; fiiror : V. fury. 
 
 furl: Phr.: to f. one's canvass, 
 vela contrahere (often used in fig. sense, 
 of tvise caution), Hor. Od. 2, 10, extr. 
 (t. Mitsch. ad I.) • Cic. Att. i, 16, i ; 
 vela subducere (prep, to battle), Auct. 
 B. Alex. 45; legere, Virg. G. i, JiJ : 
 velum anteiinis subnectere, Ov. M. 
 II. 48?. 
 
 furlong : stadium (sufficiently exact 
 for ord. writing v. Diet. Ant. p. 1228) : 
 Cic: Plin. 
 
 furlough : commeatus, iis : to grant 
 a /., dare c. alicui. Liv. j, 46 : to obtain 
 a /., c. sumere, Liv. I. c. : to be on f, 
 in commeatu esse, Liv. J?, 29: to come 
 to Rome mi af.,c. petito Romam venire. 
 Veil. 2, II: the sridier was not present 
 on the day wfien his f, expired, miles ad 
 commeatus diem non adl'uit, Quint. 
 
 % 4. 14- 
 
 furnace: 1. fomax, acis,/. (esp. 
 of a worker in metal) : heated f.s, ar- 
 dentes f , Cic. N. D. i, J7j '°J ■ a copper- 
 tmith's f, f. aeraria, Plin. : a lime f, 
 f.calcaria, Plin. Fig.: of the f.s of Etna, 
 Virg. G. I, 472. Dimin. fomaciila 
 ^(strictly a small /., but used =fornax) : 
 .Juv 10, 82 : Front. 2. caminus (a 
 fire-place ; q. v. also freq. a f. for 
 smelting) : 7-efuse cast from a f, quae 
 e camino jaclatur spurcitia, Plin. jj, 4, 
 21 : the f.s of the Cyclops, Cyclopum ca- 
 mini, Virg. Aen. 6, 6jo. 
 
 furnish: 1. To supply: 1, 
 praebeo, 2 (to afford: with dat. of per- 
 son and ace. of thing) : to f. him urith 
 bread, ei panem pr., Nep. Ihem. 10: to 
 f.fuel and salt, ligna salemque pr., Hor. 
 S. I, 5, 46 : to f. any one with a reason 
 for breaking off a truce, toUendi indu- 
 tias causam alicui pr., Liv : to f 
 grounds fen- ilhwiU, invidiae materiam 
 
 pr., Cic. Ph. II, 9. 21. 2. nllni^Iro, 1 
 (as a servant or waiter) : v to supi'LV. 
 
 3. suppeiliio, I (to f. in sufficient 
 quantity): to f food (in abundance), 
 cibos s., Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67 ■ to f. the 
 orator with a fund if malericd, orator- 
 ibus copiam dicen'ii s., Cic. Top. 18, 67. 
 
 4, suggero, ssi. siuni, ; (.strictly to 
 send up, as the earth dois its products), 
 Ov. Met. 15, 81 : hence, in gen. to fur- 
 nish to hand ivhat one is looking for : 
 to f. subject for accusations, materiam 
 criminibus s., Liv. i, \i the city itself 
 
 f.'d every appliance (<f ivar), urhs om- 
 nium rerum apparatus siigger* bat, Hirt. 
 B. Alex. i. 5. suffieio, i v. TO 
 
 afford. (I, 2). 6. conimQdo, i ((f 
 /. out of Icindness, oblige any one with), 
 to f. an enemy nith water, aquam hosfi 
 c, PI. ■ to f. an)/ one ivith money, alicui 
 aurum c, Cic. Coel. ij, J2 : v. to lend. 
 II. To fit out : 1. orno, i (with 
 ace. of direct object, and abl. of that 
 with wfUeh) : lie f.s the decemvirs irith 
 
 apparitors, scrihes mules, tents, etc., 
 
 (decemviros) ornal apparitoribus, scribis, 
 mulis, tabernaculis, Cic. Agr. 2, IJ, ?2: 
 also absol., to f. out a banquet, or. Qet 
 apparare] convivium, Cic. Verr. 4, 20, 
 45 ■ see also to equip. Simly the 
 cumps. (1). e.NoiTio, i (like pri c< d.) : to 
 f. out a banquet uitk elegance, convi- 
 vium scite ex.. Sail. Jug. 85, med. ■ a 
 thoroughly f.'d house, domus exoniata 
 atque instructa [opp. to nuda atque 
 inanis], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, J4, 84. (2) ador- 
 no, I (less freq., but like preced.) to / 
 the seas with fleets and escorts, niaria 
 classibus et praesidiis ad., Cic. Manil. 
 12, J 5 Liv : to adorn. (3). suborno, 
 I (esp. to supply with in a secret, under- 
 hand way) . to /. a person with money, 
 aliquem pecunia s., Ant. in Cic. Ph. ij, 
 16, J2. Fig., hoiv f'd by Knturi 
 (for life), quemadmodum subornaus a 
 Natura, Cic. I-eg. i, 11, fin.: f.'d trith 
 instruction, praeceptis subornaius. Sen. 
 2, instruo, xi, ctum, } (to fit out, 
 equip : with ace. and abl.) : to f. out a 
 banquet with every luxury, convivium 
 omnibus rebus i., Cic. Verr. 4, 27, 62: 
 often absol., to /. a house, domum i., ib. 
 4, 5, 9. F i g. f.'d with every kind oj 
 liberal accomplishment, omnibus inge- 
 nuis artilms instructus, Cic. (N.B. — 
 orno, exorno, adorno, are ofien used of 
 oroimental furnishing ■ instruo is simply 
 to nt out en- furnish • cf. supr.) 
 
 furnished (part, adj ) .- l. in- 
 structus; often joined with ex"rn,itus: 
 V. TO furnish (1). The comp. and sup. 
 occur doraus instructior atque para- 
 tior, Cic. Inv i, J4, 58; instruetissimus 
 ad dicendum, Cic. de Or. j, 8, Ji. 2. 
 refcrtus (ivell supplied with anything): 
 amply f. nith all the bou7ities of for- 
 tune, r omnibus donis fortunae, Cic 
 Tusc. 5, 7,/». a rich and wellf. house, 
 domus locuples ac r., Cic. de Or. i, 35, 
 161. 3. praeditus (gifted iHth, esp. 
 by nature) : v. endowed. 
 
 furniture : 1. stipellex, gen. sil- 
 pelleciilis,/. : every kind of rustic f. (in- 
 cluding all utensils), s. rustica omnis, 
 Varr. R. R. 1,22, fin.: homely f, viUs 
 s., Virg. G. I, 165: splendid, magnifi- 
 cent /., s. lauta, magnifica, Cic. Phil. 2, 
 27. Fig.: friends, the best and most 
 beautiful /., so to speak, of life, amicos, 
 optiniam vitae, ut ita dicam s., Cic. Am. 
 15, 55 : scanty /., i. e. irorth, curta s., 
 Pers. 2. apparatus, us, m. (esp. oJ 
 a luxurious kind) : amongst the f. (of 
 Darius) he got possession of a perfume 
 case, in reliquo ejus ap. cepit scrinium 
 unguentorum, Plin. IJ, l, l . cf. Hor. 
 Od. I, j8; of war. the entire f. of war, 
 totius a. belli, Caes. B. C. }, 41 : v. 
 equipment 
 
 furred, furry; I. l-it. . covered 
 
 with fur . 1. villosus ; the hare is the 
 most furry of all animalt, villosissimus 
 animalium lepus, Plin. 11, jg, 94 v. 
 shaggy. 2, *niolli s. plumea lana 
 obductus : Plin. describes the incipient 
 horns of stags as moUi plumata lanu- 
 giue, 8, ?2, 50: V. fur. 3. lanatus: 
 /. (,") slippers, lanatae soleae. Mart.
 
 FURRIEK 
 
 FUTURE 
 
 G AIW 
 
 1cm. 14, 65. II. Covered witti a fur- 
 like coating (esp. of Ute tongue), luii- 
 gosus a f. tongue, lingua 1., Plin. Zi, 
 
 1,24- 
 furrier; perh- pellio, pellionarius : 
 
 V FEI.r.-MONGEK. 
 
 furrow (subs.); |. ^n "'« *o^-' 
 1. sulcus («.<i(iioa/., 8. agere, Plin. 
 11.22. J5^^ 8; s. (lirt-re.Col. 2, 2,>»i.: lo 
 plough with a shallow /., tenui arare s., 
 Plin. 18, 18, 47; tenui suspendcre s., 
 Vlrg. G. 1,68 . to sink a dufpf., s. iiltius 
 imprimere, Cic. I»iv. 2,2}, init.: to de- 
 posit seeds in f.s, cominittere seniiua 
 sulcis, Virg. F i g. to cleave J'.s (in 
 the sea), sulcos intindere, Virg. Aen. ;, 
 142 f.s on ilie jiersim, s. uteri, Mart, j, 
 72. 4. 2. Versus, us, m. (with reler- 
 ence to turning at the end) : tojinisli a 
 /., V. peragere, Plin. 18, 18, 49 ^ I^^ 
 in alterTiate/.s, aUernis v.. Col. 2, 2, ad 
 Jin. (N.B.— In addition to the above, 
 striga and saimnuni are tech. terms 
 of the land-surveyor, denoting respect- 
 ively a furrow U-nythuays and across a 
 field or ])lot Auct. I{. Agr Lira is 
 not a furrow, but the ridge between two 
 furrows.) II. A groove : atria v 
 
 CHANNEL, GROOVE. 
 
 furrow (w- ''■•)•• 1. suico, i to 
 
 f. the ground with the plnughsltare, hu- 
 muni vumere s., Ov to f (a field) al- 
 temalelij lengOinaiisaud across, (agrum) 
 alteriiis recto plenoque s.. Col. 2, 2. ad 
 Jin. Fig., the snake J.s the sand, an- 
 guis arenam s., Ov theshifisf the salt 
 sea, naves s. vada salsa, Virg. Aen 5, 
 158 she f.'d her skin with nrinkh:^, 
 eulcavit cutem rugis, Ov. ,M. j, 276. 2. 
 aro, I V. TO PLOUGH. Kig. ivrinkUs 
 f. the liody, rugae corpus a. Ov. A. A. 2, 
 118. Simly. exaro Hor Kpod. 8, 4. 
 
 furrowed {part, adj.) : rugosus • / 
 bark (of tjie poplar), r. cone.x, Ov. Her. 
 
 5, 28 v. WRINKLED. 
 
 further (<i''j- »"'' «<'"•); 1. P^ae- 
 
 terea • does no f quediun suggest itsilj 
 to you. nihilne vobis in mentem veiiit 
 quod pr. requiratis? Cic. de Or i, 55, 
 init.: V BEsiDKS. 2. amplius (often 
 in negative sentences • implying coni- 
 pleteni:ss without f. addition) : I say 
 nothing f., nihil dico a., Cic. PI. 7, 17: 
 he makes no f. claim, nihil a. [repetitj, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 49, init. Ksp. of an addi- 
 tion to a motion in the senate : I J', 
 move, hoc a. censeo, Cic. Ph. ij, Jin. 
 3, adhuc (rarely if ever in Cic.) ; 
 one J. circumstance I ivill add, unam 
 rem adhuc adjiciam, Sen. N. Q. 4, 8, 
 init.: anyf. lack, quod a. deest, Gell. 
 (In Cic. Am. 9, Jin. the true reading 
 is no doubt ad haec.) 4. expr. by 
 accedo, ssi, ssum, ; (used impi'rs.) : 
 there is this f. consideration, that 1 
 love the father, accedit quod patrem 
 amo, Cic. Fam. ij, 21, extr.: he had 
 the f injiictinn of being blind, [ad 
 senectutem] accedebat etiam ut caecus 
 esset, Cic Sen. 6, 16. P h r. : it folUms 
 f., sequitur porro, Cic. Div. 2, 51, init. : 
 V. MOKEOVEK. (N.B. — For jurther, of 
 remoleiie-%s in space .- v. farther). 
 
 further (^'O •■ 1. servio, 4 (to de- 
 vote oneself to; with dat.) : to f. our 
 oirn interests, nostris conimodis s., Cic. 
 Rep. 1,4: to f. {pfitple's) interests and 
 well-being, utilitati salutique s., Cic. y. 
 Fr. I, I, 9; Nep. (but the expr. is 
 stronger than the Eng.). 2. adjuvo, 
 Juvo, I : v. TO AID. 3. consulo. ui, 
 Itum, } (with dat. : to take measures in 
 favour of): to f. {people's) intei-ests, 
 commodisc.Cic. y. Fr. i, 1,9. v. to con- 
 sult. Ph r. : that count will greatly f. 
 conviction, is locus niagno moniento erit 
 ad persuadendum, Cic. Inv. 2. 26, 77. 
 
 ftirtherance : auxilium v. aid. 
 
 furtherer : adjutor . v abetter, 
 
 HF.U'EK. 
 
 furthermore •■ porro : Cic. : v. more- 
 over, FIRTUER. 
 
 furthest • v. farthest. 
 furtive ; furtivus a /. journey, f. 
 Iter, Cic. in Pis. 40, 97 • / love, f. aiuor, 
 
 Virg. V. SECRET. 
 
 furtively : furtim, furtive v, 
 
 OTEAl-TH (HV), SECRETLY. 
 
 fury • I. A mythological person- 
 age: 1. Furia (rare in ting.): tlie 
 F.s are goddesses that keep watch over 
 crimen and avenge them, F sunt deac 
 speculaiiiO'S et .indices facinorum, Cic. 
 N. D. J, 18, 46: impelled by bad f.s, 
 mails f. actus, Hor. S 2. j, IJ5 fig-: 
 of any eml)i.dimem of rage or infatua- 
 tion : that /., and jKSt of his country, 
 ilia f. ac peslis patriae, Cic. Se.\t. 14, 
 fin. : a f. anil jirebrami of ivar, (. fax- 
 que belli, Liv. 2. Erlniiys, yos, /. 
 (Gr. 'EpLvviii; : poet.): the dismal f.s. 
 atrae E., Ov. Her. n, loj. Fig.: the 
 common f. of Troy and of her mun 
 country {Helen), Trojae ac patriae com- 
 munis E., Virg. Aen. 2, 57}. ||. 
 Violent rage: \. furor, v. race. 
 F i g. : tlie equinoctial f. of tlie sky. coeli 
 f. aequinoctialis. Cat. 46, 2. 2. ra- 
 bies, em, e, /. : the f. of fellow-citizens, 
 i. e. civil war, r. civica, Hor. : the f. of 
 the irinds.T. ventorum, Ov. : v. rage. 
 3, saevltia- v fierceness. 
 
 furze*, ule.x, icis, m. ; Plin. (u. Eoro- 
 pai-us, Linn.). 
 
 fuse ("• ''■•)•■ fundo, llqnBfacioi v. 
 
 TO .M ELT. 
 
 fusee: I. a kind of fire-arm : v 
 GUN. II. A kind of match: (?) igni- 
 culus. 
 
 fusibility : expr. by verb : it pos- 
 .'(.fSfi- ./., but is too brittle to be beaten, 
 fundi uu- tantiun, malleis fragile, Plin. 
 ?4, 8, 20 ■ to possess tneater, less, f., 
 *la':ilius, difficilius I'lmdi, liquetieri; v. 
 
 TO »IEI.T. 
 
 fusihle : perh. fusilis, e : cf. Ov. M. 
 11,126- orexpr. by verb : v. preied. art. 
 
 fusion : 1. fisura (rait) • Plin. 
 !?, 6, J5. 2. coctura (rare) : i'lin. 54, 
 8, 2j. (Or expr by verb: in a state of 
 f., Iiisus, liquefactus. v. TO melt.) 
 
 fuss (*■«''.<.) : colloq. Phr. : to make 
 a great f. about a trijle. laborare In an- 
 giisio. Sen. N. Q. i, i»ef. 8; in words, 
 tragoedias agere in nugis, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 SI. init. i magno conatu inagnas nug,Ts 
 dicere, Ter. Heaut. 4, i, 8; in the way 
 of quarrelling, de lana caprina rixari, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 18, 15: nor am I disam- 
 certi'd hy all thef you make, iieque vero 
 istis tuis iragoediis perturbor. Cic. de 
 Or. I, ;t, init. (but tlie Lat. is less fami- 
 liar) : sometimes saUigere (to bustle 
 about, make a to-do) may serve : conip. 
 
 TO FIDGET. 
 
 fuss (v-)." V. preeed. art. 
 
 fussy: colloq.. perl). mOlestus: v. 
 TROUBLESOME. (Comp. Phaedr. 2. ^,init.) 
 
 fustian: I, a kind of thick cloth: 
 V. FKIEZE. II, Ivjhited language : 
 tumor. sesquipedalia verba: v. i«)Mbast. 
 
 fustigation: verbera,um: v. flog- 
 ging. 
 
 fusty : I. Mouldy : mucldus : Juv. 
 II. Antiquated and dry: opicus : 
 cf. opicas evolvere chartas, Auson. Prof. 
 22. J. 
 
 fustiness: mOcor: v. MocLorKEss. 
 
 futility : fulintas (icortlUessnes.'i) : 
 Join: futilitas levitasque, Cic. N. D. 
 2, 28, 70. 
 
 futile; frivOlus, inanis: v. frivo- 
 
 LOtS. 
 
 future (adj.) : 1. futurus : signs 
 of f. tilings, sigiia f. rerum, Cic. : to 
 foresee ictuit is /., fulura prospicere, 
 Cic. : thef. tense, t. tenipus, Proh. Gram. 
 2. posterus((/i(ii is to/o/Zoio); esp. 
 in phr., in posterum, for the f. {time), 
 Caes. B. C. l, J Cic. ; a present and a 
 /„ aye, praesens et p. aetas, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 I, 42: more usu. in sense of /oi'oic/jj^, 
 subsequent : q. v 3. rSliquus {that 
 
 n-hich yet remains): esp. in phr., /wr 
 the f. (time), in r. tempus, Caes. B. G. 
 J, 16: more freq. without the subs., in 
 reliquum. Cic. Kani. 10, 7, , /in. : Sail.: 
 Liv . also in other connexions, in the 
 hope off. calm (opp. to present storms), 
 spe r. iranquillltatis. Cic. Sext. 14, 75. 
 
 future {subs.): 1. I'utura, onmi 
 {n. pi. of aiy.) v. prece<i. art. 2. 
 poBteritas 1,1''** ^eq. in this sense) : to 
 antsult one's peace in the f.. "OSteritatis 
 otlo consulere, Cic. Fam. 2. i8, fv,tr. : to 
 
 have regard to tftef. and one's oicn dan- 
 ger posteritatis et peiicoli sui ratiunem 
 habere, Caes. B. C. 1, ij : for the /., in 
 posterilatem (rare), Cic. Cat i, 12, 29. 
 3. posieruni tempus, rdiquum 
 tempus v. preied. art. 
 
 futurity : futurum tempus, posterl- 
 tas V jirecid. arc 
 
 G 
 
 GABARDINE : p<Th. p.»iiium, pal- 
 ll'.luiu: v. CLOAK, MANTLE. 
 
 gabble: blalero, 1- v. TO iiABiii.E 
 
 CllATlJ U 
 
 gabbler : blatgro, Onls, m. : V 
 
 BAliliLKIi. 
 
 gabion; perh. crates i. Csclna (fis- 
 
 cella) terra referta. Mattrastes (culci- 
 tae) seem to have been used for the 
 purpo.-ie of gabions, cf. Veg. ilil. 4. 2J. 
 
 gable : 1. fastigium : V. Cic. de 
 Or. s, 46. 180. The triangular .-[lace 
 enclosed by the three sides of a gable 
 was called tympanum, Vltr. (v. IHcU 
 Ant. p. 52J). 2. (0 ciliimen. inlii, 
 
 71. .• cf. Varr. K. K. j, 7, I, in lurribus 
 ac columinibus villae. (But botli the 
 above words denote strictly, Oie tuvmust 
 point of any building ) 
 
 gad: i- e. to roam idly about : \. 
 
 vagor. vago, 1 ; v. TO boam, wam.kr. 
 
 2, cursito, I (to run tiitJter and 
 
 thithrr): tube ij.vg up and du'iu. i'Ur- 
 
 sum dcorsum .,., Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 47 
 
 gadder : 1. ambulaior, /. -trix : 
 let the bailiff' be nog., villicus a. ne siet, 
 Cato R. H. 5, ad init. 2. homo va- 
 gus, vagator . v wanderer. 
 
 gad-fly : 1. tabanus (the ordi- 
 
 nary name) : g.s worry oxen, t (boves' 
 concllare .solent, Varr. 2, 5, ad Jin.; 
 Plin. (I. bovinus. Linn.). 2. asilus: 
 Virg. G. t. 147. 3. oestrus (Gr. 
 
 oicTTpos). Virg. G. I, 147 (but the oes- 
 trus was strictly a kind of large sting- 
 ing-bee, Plin II, 16, 16). 
 
 gag (subs.) : perh., oris (faucium) ob- 
 turamentum (Plin. has obt. of the stop- 
 per of ajar, 16, 8, ij); or (?) folUculus: 
 V. foil. art. 
 
 gag (''-)■■ Phr.: to g. a person, os 
 alicui obvolvere folliculo et praeligare, 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 149 ; lollem alicui ob 
 gulam, guttur, obstringere ■ cf. PI. AuL 
 2,4. 2},sg5, 
 
 gage: pignus: v. pledge. 
 
 gaiety : festivltas, hll&rltas: t, 
 
 CHEERFULNESS, MIRTH. 
 
 gaily : festive, hilare : v. cheeb- 
 
 FULLY, MERRILY. 
 
 gain (subs.): 1. lucrum (most 
 gen. term for pecuniary or other profit) : 
 to make g. by the public revenues, ex 
 publicis vectigalilius [tanla] lucra fs- 
 cere, Cic. Verr j, J8, 86: to set a thing 
 down as so miicii </.. aliquid in lucris 
 ponere, Cic. Fam. 7. 24 ; lucro apponere, 
 Hor. Od. 1,9, 14: aliquid in lucro esse 
 deputare, I er. Ph. :, 1, 16. Dimin, 
 lucellum, small or p>tty g., Cic : Hor, 
 2. quaestus, iis {money gutting; 
 profit made by a calling or trade) : men 
 who nuike g.if everything, quibus om- 
 nia quaestui sunt. Sail. Jug. }i, Jiied.: 
 pecuniary g- q. iiecuniae, Caes. B. G. 
 6, 17. Join: quaestus ac lucrum. Cic. 
 Verr. J, 44, 106. liimin. quaesllculus, 
 small, petty g., Cic. 1 li v. 2. 1 5, «"''• . 3. 
 emoliimentuni (adrantageofany kind): 
 esp. opp. to detriui.iuum {profit and 
 loss),Cic. Fin. 3, 21, init.: uilhout g. 
 or bribe, sine e. ac praemio. Cic. : v. ad- 
 vantage. 4, ci>nipeiidium (strictly, 
 a saving, opp. to }>ayinii out, dispeii- 
 dium) : to dnaiiglit for g's sake, ali<)uld 
 compendii sui causa facere, Cic Off. } 
 i;, 6j : jrrmile </.. privatum c, Liv 
 Join-, cum quiiestu compendioque, Olc 
 Verr. 2, 2, }. 6. 6. merces, edis, / 
 {hire, uapes) : to follow humble gs. par- 
 vas m. sequi. Hor. S. I, 6, 87 . v. w ages 
 6. It-nus, oris, n. (on money lent): 
 V. INTERK>T. 7. captura (.dishonett, 
 imm'Tat g.) : the g.s of pti-stitution 
 capturae prostitutarum, Suet. CaL 4a 
 33 «
 
 GAIN 
 
 G A L L E K Y 
 
 GALLOWS 
 
 gain {"•) ■■ I. I'o indke a profit : 
 1. lucror, I : to g. or lose (in gam- 
 bling), lucrari, perdere, Tac. G. 2J : to g. 
 ten pounds, auri pondo decern 1., Cic. 
 Par. J, I, 21 : to g. by lying or perjury, 
 mendacio, peijurio 1., Suet. Cal. 41. 2. 
 lucrifacio, feci, factum, j ; or as two 
 words : to g. money, pecuniam 1., Cic. 
 Verr. 3, 75, 174 : cf. ib. ch. 45, sqq. : to 
 g. ioo Philips, treceiitos Philippos fac- 
 ere lucri, PI, ||. To acquire, obtain : 
 1, acquiro, quisivi, itum, j (to get 
 in addition) : to g. new friends, amicos 
 novosa.jSall. Jug. li. 2. consequor, 
 sgcutus, J (to OL-ertake by following ; 
 obtain the object of pursuit) : to g. 
 glory by two victories, gloriam duabus 
 victoriis c, Nep. Tbem. 6 : celerity, 
 whereby he had g.'d must of his suc- 
 cesses, celeritas qua pleraque erat con- 
 secutus, Caes. B. G. 7, 12 : v. to OBTAfN. 
 (Simly. assequor: v. to attain to.) 
 3, pario, pgperi, partum, j (to pro- 
 cure or bi-ing about by one's i-xeiiions) ; 
 to g. a victory, victoriam p., Caes. B. G. 
 J, 4J : to g. the higliest praise, sibi masi- 
 mam laudem p., Cic: complaisance g.s 
 friends, obsequium p. amicos, Ter. And. 
 
 1. >, 4i- 4. coiligo, legi, ctum, } (lit. 
 to gatlier ; hence to gain gradually or 
 bit by bit) : to g. the good will of citi- 
 zens by Jlattury, benevolentiam civium 
 blanditiis c, Cic. Am. 17, 61 : to g. 
 strength by use, vires usu c, Ov. A. A. 
 
 2, JJ9: Liv. 5. poiior. 4 (to obtain 
 possession of, become master of: with 
 abl., and sometimes gen.) : to g. the su- 
 premacy of entire Gaul, imperium totius 
 Galliae p., Caes. B. G. 1,2: to g.a vic- 
 tory, victoria p., Caes. : tltey g. the 
 wished-for slurre, optatae potiuntur are- 
 nae, Virg. Aen. 1, 172. 6. capio, 
 cepi, captum, j (to receive, get) : to g. 
 honours or riches, honores aut divitias 
 c, Nep. Atl. 7 : to g. the top of a moun- 
 tain, cacumen mentis c, Curt, f h r. -. 
 to g. any one's Javour, gratiam apud 
 aliquem, cum aliquo, inire, Cic. (v. fa- 
 vonB) : to g, a cause (m law), causam 
 obtinere, Cic. Fam. 1,4; causam tenere, 
 Hor. (v. CAUSE) he g.s every vote, omne 
 tulit punctum, Hor. A. P. J43 : to g. the 
 top of a mountain, in verticem montis 
 eniti (evadere), Curt. 7, 11 : to endea- 
 vour to g. good will by largess, benevo- 
 lentiam largitione consectari, Cic. (cf. 
 supr. 2) : to strive to g. the highest 
 praise, contendere ad summam laudem, 
 Cic. Phil. 14, 12. 32 (v. to strhe 
 after). 
 
 over : 1. concilio, i : he tried 
 
 to g. over other princes, conciliabat ce- 
 teris reges, Nep. Han. 10 : to g. over 
 people.^' feelings {affections), animas ho- 
 minum c, Cic. Off. 2, 5, 17 : Liv. : Suet. 
 2, sollicito, I (to try to gain over, 
 by promises, etc.) : v. to stib up, in- 
 cite. 
 
 gainer : expr. by verb : he was the 
 g. to the extent of 300,000 measures of 
 wheat, CCC millia medium tritici lucri 
 nomine sustulisse, Cic. Verr. 3,45,107; 
 to what extent they were g.s, quantum 
 lucri factum sit, ib. ij 112 : I am the g. 
 by that transaction, •mihi lucri non- 
 nihil inde redit. 
 
 gainfUi : lucrosus, quaestuosus : v. 
 luckative. Phr. : a g. accusation {by 
 which money is to be made), opinia accu- 
 satio, Cic. Fl. 33, init.: g. arts, pecu- 
 nios^w artes. Mart. 5, 56, 8 : lobe g. to 
 any one, alicui lucro esse, PI. As. i, 
 
 }. 40- 
 gainsay : contradico. 3 : v to con- 
 
 TKAlilCT, SPEAK AGAINST. 
 
 gait : 1. incessus, us ; to form 
 the features, g., vultum, )., fingere, Cic 
 Fin. 2, 24. iiiit. : hurried, sloiv g., i. 
 citus, tardus. Sail. Cat. 15, extr. . an 
 erect g , i. erectus, Tac. : effeminate g., 
 i. frac.tus, Quint 5, q, 14; i. moUior. cf. 
 Oic. Off. I, 36, HI : Vlrg. 2. iiigres- 
 ius, us {the act of walking) : Cic. Off. 
 1. c. : a loftier g., celsior 1., Plin. 11, i6, 
 16, extr. 
 
 gaiters ; nearest word perh. ocreae ; 
 
 T. GSKAVKS. 
 
 gala-day : dies festas : v. FESTivAi.. 
 
 in 
 
 galaxy ; 'ia lactea : Ov. In fig. 
 sense coetus, concilium : v. assembly. 
 
 galbannm: galbanum: Plin. Odours 
 of g., galbanei odores, Virg. 
 
 gale: 1. sMy& {a gentle g.)-. Virg.: 
 Ov. . V. BKEEZE. Fig.: the g. of popu- 
 larity, popularis a., Hor. Od. 3, 2, 20. 
 2. ventus: v. WIND. 
 gall {svJjs.): I. The bile: 1. 
 
 bills: V. BILE. 2. fel, fellis, n. (prop. 
 the gall-bladder with its contents) : the 
 g. IS situated in the liver ; not found in 
 all a7izmals, in (jecore) est f., non datum 
 omnibus animalibus, Plin. 11, 37, 74; 
 Cic. F i g., of bitterness of feeling : love 
 is most fertile in both honey and g., 
 amor et melle et felle est fecundissi- 
 mus, PI. Cist. I, I, 71 : no* a drop of 
 bitter g., nee aniari f. gutta, Mart. 7, 25. 
 Adi; full of gall, felleus : siveat impreg- 
 nated with g., f. sudor, Plin. ||. A 
 sore caused by rubbing : intertrigo, inis, 
 /. : Cato, R. R. 159 : Plin. {pi.) 
 
 gall (^- tr.) : I. L i t. : To chafe 
 or make scne the skin : 1, uro, ussi, 
 ustum, 3 ; if the heavy parcel of paper g.s 
 you, si te gravis uret sarcina chartae, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 13, 6: the thong g.s the 
 tender arms, teneros u. lorica lacertos. 
 Prop. Fig.: anger g.s both equally, ira 
 communiter u. utrumque, Hor. Ep. i, 2, 
 13; / g. the fellow, uro hominem, Ter. 
 Eun. 2, 2, 4?. 2. aduro, 3 (rate): to 
 0et i-ubbed and g.'d in riding (of ihe 
 thighs), atten adurique equitatu, Plin. 
 28, 15, 61. 3. peruro, ? {sorely): 
 
 oxen withdraw their g.'d necks frotn 
 under their burden {"the galled jade 
 winces"), subducuut oneri coUa perusta 
 boves, Ov. Pont, i, 5, 24 : g.'d with the 
 lash, funibus perustus, Hor. 4. tero 
 (altero), trivi, tritum, j : necks g.'d with 
 labour, trita labore coUa, Prop. : v. to 
 RUB, WEAR. II. Fig.: to irritate : 
 
 1. mordeo, momordi, morsum, 2: 
 give her like for like, so as to g. her, par 
 pro pari referto, quod eam mordeat, Ter. 
 Eun. 3, I, 55 : to 6e g.'d with secret 
 grief, dolore occulto morderi, Ov. : v. 
 to sting. 2. liro, 3 : v. supr. {i., 1) : 
 also, TO irrptate. 
 
 gaU-bladder: 1. fel, feilis, «. 
 (including the contents) : Cic. Div. 2, 
 12,29 Cels. 2. vesica fellis, Plin. 
 (Kraft). 
 gall-fly: *cynips, tpis (Cycl.). 
 gall-stone : *calculus vesicae fellis ; 
 cholelithus, as med. t. t. (Kr.). 
 
 gall-nut : galla : Plin- «6, 6, 9 : Col. 
 
 gallant (adj.) : I. Handsome : 
 
 spficiosus, spectabilis : v. showt. ||. 
 
 Courageous: animosus, fortis: v. brave. 
 
 \\\, Attentive to ladies : *inmulieres 
 
 ofliciosus (.') 
 
 gallant (subs.) : i. e. the favourite of 
 a lady: amator: v. lover. Sometimes 
 juvenis, adolescens, with an adj. : less 
 often do the young g.s come rattling 
 your windows, parcius qualiunt lenes- 
 tras juvenes protervi, Hor. Od. i, 25, i. 
 gallantly : anlmose. fortlter, etc. : 
 V. courageously, poijtelt. 
 
 gallantry: I. Bravery: Virtus: 
 
 V. VALOUR, courage. ||, Attention 
 to ladies : perh. amor comes nearest, 
 esp. in pi., cf. Cic. Gael. 19, amm-es et 
 hac deliciae quae vocantur; sometimes 
 ars aniatoria, cf. Ov. (book so called). 
 
 galleon : *navis oneraria (rotunda) 
 maxima (Galio, Auct. xii. saec. in Q). 
 
 gallery: I. -^ covered passage: 
 porticus, lis, /. (strictly, open at one 
 side, and fwnished with pillars) : cf. 
 Vitr. 5, 9 and 11 ; for walking, p. am- 
 bulatorla, Ulp. Dig. 8. 5, 8 } i : v. 
 WALK. Such galleries when designed for 
 exercise and recreation were usu. called 
 xysti: V. PORTICO. II. For pictures: 
 plnacStheca : Plin. 55, 11, 40, extr.: 
 Col. III. A raised structure, esp. in 
 
 churches or theatres : maenianum (v. 
 BALCONY): cf. Vitr. ;, 11, 2: this was 
 the term applied to the upper ranges in 
 an amphitheatre, the lowest range, or 
 emperor's gallery, being called podium 
 or the foot, v. Diet. Ant. p. 88. The 
 term Chalcidicum (Vitr. 5, 11, 4) ap- 
 pears to denote a raised platform or 
 
 dais: V. Forcell. s. v. |V. Under- 
 ground, for mining or oth^r purpose*: 
 1, cunicQlus (esp. in mining opera- 
 tions): V. MINE. 2. specus. Us (o"j/ 
 subterranean cavity') : cf. Liv. 10, 10, 
 init. 
 
 galley; navis longa (ord. term for 
 an ancient ship of war), biremis, trl- 
 remis, /. (according to the number of 
 banks of oars) : v. bibeme, trireme, 
 etc. (Galea, galera, words of the middle 
 age.) Phr.: to condemn a man to the 
 g.s, aliquem remo publicae triremis 
 afiigere, Val. Max. 9, 15, 2. 
 
 galley-slave : homo remo publicae 
 navis affixus : v. preced. UTt.fin. 
 
 Gallic : 1. Gallicus {pertaining 
 to Gaul or its people) : Caes. : Cic. 2. 
 Gallicanus {stationed in Gaul, connected 
 with the country or pe</ple): the G. le- 
 gions, legiones G., Cic. Cat. 2, 3, init. 
 (in the next clause occurs Gallicus as 
 epith. of the territory itself, in Gallico 
 agro) : in gen. sense = Gallicus, Cat.: 
 Mart. 
 
 Gallicism : perh. *Gallicismus, after 
 the anal, of Atticismus, Quint. 6, 3, 107 
 (where, however, we should prob. read 
 'Attikio-ho!). Phr.: to make use of a 
 G., *Galiico more loqui. 
 
 galling {subs.) : attritus, lis, m. : 
 soies caused by g., ulcera e.K a. facta, 
 Plin.: see also GALL (II.). 
 
 galling (odj.) : i. e. irritating : mor- 
 dax {biting, stinging) : y. anxieties, 
 m. sollicitudines, Hor. Od. i, 18, 4: to 
 chafe the tender ear with g. truth, tene- 
 ras m. radere vero auriculas, Pers. I, 
 107 : see also bHTEb. 
 
 gallipot : aula, aulilla : v. pot. 
 
 fallon : congms {nearly 3 quarts : 
 )ict. Ant. p. 1233): Liv. Adj., hold- 
 ing a g., congiarius : mostly used as 
 subs, in neut., congiarium, a donation 
 of corn, etc., to that amount, Varr. in 
 Plin. 14, 14, 17: cf. Liv. 25, 2, ad fin. 
 Congialis also occurs, as o gallon jar, 
 fidella congialis, PI. Aul. 4, 2, 15. 
 
 gallop (" ) ■• \. Of the rider : Phr.: 
 to g. to a place, citato equo Qcitatisequis, 
 of more than otic] contendere, Caes. 
 B. C. 5, 96 ; tftey g. aivay at full speed 
 to Rome, citatis equis Romam a volant, 
 Liv. 1,57 (incitato equo, in same sense, 
 Caes. : Cic.) : to g. towards any one, 
 equum immittere ad aliquem, Galb. in 
 Cic. Fam. 10, 30, med. ; equo admisso 
 ad aliquem accurrere, Caes. B. G. i, 22 : 
 'n imth hostile u.tent, with in; as, in 
 Postumiuni equum infestura admisit, 
 Liv. 2, 19: he puts spurs to his horse, 
 and g.s against the consul, concitat 
 Ciilcaribus equum, atque in consulem 
 dirigit, Liv. 2, 6. ||. Of the animal: 
 quadriipfido, 1 (to moi-e the whole four 
 feet at once : only the part, seems to 
 occur) : a horse g.ing past, equo juxta 
 quadrupedante, Plin. 8, 45, 70: cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 8, 596. 
 
 gallop {subs.) : perh. *cursus citatus. 
 citatissimus {full g.) : v. preced. art. 
 Phr.: to put a horse to a g. equum 
 admittere, immittere (v. preced. art.): 
 at a g., quadnipediuim, Charis. 2. i6j. 
 
 gallows : 1. perh. p&tibulum 
 
 (strictly a fork-shaped instrument of 
 punishment, to which base defaulters 
 were fastened) : the term was treq. ap- 
 plied "to the cross of Christ in Med. 
 Lat. : cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 41 : or, 2. 
 furca (like preced.) : sentence to the g„ 
 damnatio ad furcam, CiiUist. Dig. 48, 19, 
 27. init. : to fasten on the gallows, furc^ 
 figere. Dig. 1. c. $ 15: in furca sus- 
 pendere, Ulp. Dig. 48, 13, 6, init. : v. to 
 HANG. 3. crux, crucis,/. (which did 
 not materially differ from the prec«l- 
 ing) : V. CROSS. (N.B.— The ancient 
 Romans used for the same purpose a 
 barren tree : thou shall cover iiis head 
 and hang him upon a g:, caput obnu- 
 bito, infelici arbori reste suspendito, Liv. 
 1, 26.) 4. by meton. suspendium : may 
 the gods ttring me to the g., utinam me 
 divi adaxint (= adigant) ad suspeu- 
 dium, PI. Aul. 1,1, 11: he died on 
 the g., *suspendio inlerfectus eet • ▼. 
 
 HANGING.
 
 GALtLOWS-BI RD 
 
 GA P 
 
 GARGLE 
 
 gallows-bird : term of reproach : 
 
 1. furcilcr, 6ri (strictly, onf. who has 
 tmdergune tlie punishnwnt of the lurtia ; 
 V. GALUjws) . Ter. Andr. j, 5, 12 : Hor. 
 
 2. crux, crucis. PI. Pers. 5, 2, !•;. 
 galvanic : 'galvanlcus as scieiil. 
 
 t. t. : V. KLECTKIC. 
 
 gamble, expr. by alea: e.g.. alea 
 ludeie, Cic. PhiL 2, 2{, 56 also aleam 
 ladere. Suet. CI. }? ; ^o 6« lucky in g.ing, 
 prospora a. uli, id. Cal. 41. 
 
 gambler: 1. aieator- Cic. Cat. 
 2, 10. 2!. p. Syr. 2. (?)aleo, onls: 
 Cat. (but the places are doubtful) 3. 
 lusor: Ov. A. A. I, 451. Simly. c<j1- 
 Ittsor, a ftUmi-g., Cic. Suet. (Very 
 often expr. by verb lie teas an eager 
 g., aleam studiosissime lusit. Suet. v. 
 preced. ai i.> 
 
 gambling : al6a (orig. the die itself; 
 cf. Caesar' .s, jacta alea est, but used by 
 meton. for the practice of g.) r the law 
 reacting g., lex quae est de a., Cic. Ph. 
 2, 2J, 56: to be a/ldicted to g., aleae 
 indulgere. Suet Auk. 70; ;/ yains, ex 
 luBU aleae conipftidium, SueL Cal. 1. c. • 
 V GAUBLiNfi. Hauing to do with g., 
 aleatorius losses in g., damna aleatoria, 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 27, 67. 
 
 gambling-table: aWeus: ▼ gam- 
 
 ING-BOARD. 
 
 gambol («•) •■ 1. lascivio, 4: V. TO 
 FBisK. 2, ludo, si, sum, J . T TO 
 
 SPORT, KROLIC. 
 
 gambol (siibs.) lusus, us . the 
 Naiads perform their g.s in the ivaves, 
 exercent lusibus undas Naiades, Ov. Or 
 expr. by Terb the moorliens perfoi'm 
 their gj on the dry beach, in siccu ludunt 
 fulicae, Virg. 6. i, i6j to watch the g.s 
 of the lambs, *agin>s dum lasciviunt ex- 
 Eiliuntque spectare : v to play. 
 
 game (subs.) : |. Amtisement, di- 
 version : 1. ludus (including all kinds 
 of sport) : they devise some new g. for 
 themselves while they are at leisure, no- 
 vum sibi excogitant in otio 1., Qc. de Or. 
 }, 15, 58. Esp. in pi; of the public 
 gaines : to celebrate g.s in honour of 
 Apollo, ludos Apollini facere, Cic. Br. 
 20, 78 (V. TO exhibit) on the day of 
 the commencement of tlie g.s, quo die 1. 
 committebantur, Cic. Q. Fr. j, 4, fin.: 
 spletidid g.s, 1. magnifici, ampli, sump- 
 tuosi, Cic. sometimes joined with the 
 name of the particular g.s, the g.s in 
 honour qf Ceres, 1. Cerealia, Li v. 30, 39, 
 extr. ; at the (time of the) g.s, ludis, Pl. 
 Cas. prol. 27 Cic. fr. 2. lusus, us 
 (the act of playing; any particular 
 game: not in Cic, who has Insio, v. 
 injfr ) ; the g. of bail, 1. trigon, Hor. S. 
 I, 6, 125 (=pila trigonalis, Mart. 14, 46, 
 Jem.) : to relax the mind over a g. of 
 draughts, laxare animum lusu calcu- 
 lorum, Plln. Ep. 7, 24, 5. 3. liisio 
 
 (= preced.. but rare) laborious g.s, 
 laboriosae 1., Cic. Fin. 5, 20,5;: the g. 
 of ball, 1. pilae, Cic. 4. ludicrum 
 (both in sing, andplur., chiefly ot public 
 g.s, like ludi) ■ tlie festival of the Olym- 
 pic g.s, Olympiorum solenne 1., Liv. 28, 
 7, ad Jin. : the periodical celebration of 
 the Isthmian g.s, Isthmiorum statuni 1., 
 Lrv, : to announce the celeb)-ation of g.s, 
 ludicrum indicere, Liv. . to see the g.s, 
 ludicra spectare, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 7 : to com- 
 pete in various kinds of g.s, vario ludi- 
 crorum genere contendere. Just, "j, 2, extr. 
 6. munus, 6ris, n. (esp. of gladiato- 
 rial or C'ircensian g.s, given by a magi ti- 
 trate) : to exhibit viagnifu:ent g.s, ni. 
 magnificum dare, Cic. Q. Fr. ?, 8, extr. : 
 funeral g.s, m. funebre, Plin. : Suet. 
 6. alea (of hazard) : v. gambling. 
 Ph r : to play a g. of draughts, latrun- 
 culis ludere. Sen. (v. dracohts) ; to be 
 fond of the g. of ball, pilae studio teneri, 
 Cic. (v, ball) tlie g. is mine (fig.), mea 
 pila est. PI. True. 4, l, 9 ■ to nuike g. of 
 any one, aliquem ludifiiarl, ludibrio 
 habere (v fool, phr.). Of the special 
 games, some of the most important were, 
 Uu Pythian g.s, Pythia, orum the Isth- 
 mian, Isthmla, orum; also Islhmii ludi 
 (and v. supr. 4) the g.s in honour of 
 Jplora, Floralia, of the Circus (gene- 
 rally), Circeuses (sc. ludi), [not Cir- 
 
 cetisia] ■ V. Diet. Ant. s. w. ||, Ani- 
 mals pursued in the cliase : 1. fSrae, 
 arum (wild animals of any kind) : to 
 put up and hunt g., feras excitare, agi- 
 tare, Cic. Off. ?, 17, 68 to snare g., f. 
 captare, Virg. G. I, 140. 2. vCnatio 
 
 (the Jlesh of game ; as food) : to avoid 
 indigestion by eating the best fish, 
 birds, g., [optimo] piscatu, aucupio, v., 
 vitare cruditatem, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 2? : 
 many sorts of g., multa et varia v., Liv. 
 J5, 49. med. ■ Gels. 3. ferina caro: 
 Sail. ,Jug. 18, init.: Plin. also ferina 
 alone, Virg. Aen. I, 215. (N.B. — The 
 atx)ve terms do not strictly include the 
 Jlesh of birds, aucupium v. supr. exx.) 
 
 game-cock: perl'- gallus. rixosus: 
 Col. calls the trainers of fighting-cocks, 
 lanistae rixosarum avium, H. K. 8, 2 : 
 the term gallinaceus pyctes, Col. I. c 
 (pugilist of the hen-loft) is evidently a 
 facetious expr. 
 
 gamekeeper : pert- saltuarins 
 
 (keeper of the forests) : Dig. ; v. FO- 
 
 KKSTKK. 
 
 gamesome : ludibundus, ludlcer t 
 .si'oia-n K. 
 
 gamester] aleator. r. gambleb. 
 
 gaming : alea v. gambling. 
 
 gaming-board or table : alvcus : 
 a g.-biMrd three feet broad, a. lusorius, 
 latus tres pedes, I'lln. J7. 2. 6- also 
 without lusorius. Suet CI. ?}, extr. : 1 
 Vul. Max. IHmin., in same sense, alve- 
 olus, Cic. Fin. 5, 20, 56. 
 
 gaming-house: fiinis aleatorius- 
 Aug. in Suet. Vlt. 71 . also, aleatorlum, 
 Sidon. 
 
 gammon (siihs.) : i. e. a smoked 
 ham: pcrna; Pi.: Hor. v. ham. In 
 fig. sense, as exclam., perh. gerrae v 
 
 FUDOK. 
 
 gamut' '^« musical scale: perh. 
 diagramma, atis, n. • cf. Vitr. 5, 4. 
 
 gander : anser mas, Col. 8, U, fin. : 
 a. masculus. Pall, i, }o. 
 
 gang : i- e. company , usu. with 
 something of contempt ■ 1. grex, 
 
 gregis, TO. (also in good sense) . a g.of 
 slaves, g. venalium, PI. Cist. 4, 2, 67 • a 
 g. of men emasculated by vice, g. tur- 
 pium morbo virorura. Hor. Od. 1, J7, 9 : 
 v. HF.RD. 2. caterva (a troop of 
 
 armed men) : to occupy the foD-um with 
 armed g.s of desperate men, forum ar- 
 matiB c. perditorum horaiuum possidere, 
 Cic. IJom. 42, no v. TEoop. 3. 
 
 opgrae, arum (a term applied to g.s of 
 hired roughs) ; hired g.s, set on to plun- 
 der the city, operae conductae el ad diri- 
 piendam urbem concitatae, Cic. Sext. 
 17, init.: Clodius is strengthening his 
 g.s, op. suas Clodius confirniat, Cic. Q. 
 Fr. 2, ;, med.: Tac. 4. ergastula, 
 orum (g.s of slai'es compelled to work in 
 chains) : to be tilled by g.s of chained 
 slaves, coli ab erg., Plin. 18,6, 76 }6 . 
 Caes. 5. lalrocinium (a g. of rob- 
 Ijers : rare), v. banditti. Phr. he 
 divided the entire number of excavators 
 into six g.s, in partes sex munitorum 
 iiumerum divlsit, Liv. 5, i<),fin. 
 
 gangrene (subs.) .- gangraena (Gr. 
 ydyypaLva) : g. commences, spreads, is 
 confirmed, g. indpit, serpit, tenet, Cels. 
 5, 26, J4. In fig. sense, g. mali serpit, 
 Varr. ap. Non. 
 
 gangrene ("•) •• putresco, j . Cels. j, 
 26, ^. (Or perh. *gangraenam con- 
 cippie.) 
 
 gangrenous r puter, tris, tre . a g 
 ulcer, p. ulcus, Cels. 5, 26, J2. 
 
 gangway : fOrus, i. m. (in a ship) : 
 to run to and fro along the g.s, per 
 foros cursare, Cic. Sen. 6, 17. See also 
 
 PASSAGE. 
 
 gaol : career. 6ris, m. : v. prison. 
 
 gaoler: custos, Odis- Hor. Ep. i, 
 16, 77 
 
 gap: 1. IScuna to fill up a g 
 (in one's property) : 1. explere, Cic. Verr. 
 2, 2. 55, 1 ?8 : often used in modern Lat. 
 for a gap in a literary work, esp. in a 
 lyjiS. 2. hiatus, Qs : a gap (or open- 
 ing) in the sky, coeli h., Plin. • v. chasm, 
 clkft. (Also, like lacuna, used by 
 mod. writers of literary mutilations.) 
 Phr.- here there is a wide gap (in an 
 
 author), multa (non pauca) desunt 
 Lach. 
 
 gape : 1. ^i°> ' (chiefly in pres 
 part.) : a gaping lion, leo hians, Virg.: 
 gaping partridges, perdlces lilantea, 
 Plin. : so of inanimate things . an oak 
 gaping ivith wide chinks, quercus patulU 
 rUiils hiaiis, Uell. Fig.-, to g after, 
 covet : gaping avarice, avarilla liians, 
 Cic. Verr. 2. 2, 55, 134: the gaping 
 (eager) purchaser, emptor biaiis, Hor. S. 
 I, 2, 88. 2. inhio, i: gaping t'er- 
 berus, inhlans C, Virg. G. 4, 481. Vj-p. 
 to g. eagerly upon or after (with dat.): 
 (sucking liomulus) gaping after the 
 she-wolf's breasts, ubtribua lupliiis in- 
 hians, Cic. Cal. }, 8, 19 : to g. aftrr one 
 with mind astounded, (alicul) atloniio 
 inh. animo, Virg. Aen. 7, 814: rarely w ith 
 ace., to g. after an inheritance, hcredi- 
 talem inh., PI. 3. hlsco, } (liRcpt 
 
 of hio ; to gape open, to open the mouth 
 wide : whereas hio, inhio, denote a state 
 of openness : rare) g. open, earth, hit^re 
 tellu.s: Ov. Met. i, 546 (a doubtful llm-): 
 the cleft g.s open, rima h., Plin. 17, 14, 
 24 $ 108. 4. dehisco, } (to open 
 
 downwards) : the earth, tlie vave, ga 
 open, d. terra, unda, Virg. : Varr. • tlie 
 boat g.s in clunks,, d. cyniba rimis, Ov. 
 5. fSlisco, }: the ships g with fis- 
 sures, naves rimis f., Virg. A<-ii. i, 12; : 
 V. TO CRACK (B.). 6. oscito, oscTtor, 
 I (to open the mouth in yawning) : v. 
 to vawn. 7. stupeo, ui, i (to stand 
 agape tvitk wonder) : v. amazed (to be). 
 
 gaper: expr by ^es. part, of hio, i- 
 v I,. G } 638. 
 
 gaping (adj.) ; 1. L i t. . oi>ening 
 v'iile : 1. hiulcus : fields g witli 
 drought, h. siti arva, Virg. G 2,351: a 
 g. wound, h. vulnus, Sidon. 2. hlans, 
 v TO CAPE (1.). 3. oscltans- v. 
 
 YAWNING. II. Fig. opening the 
 
 mouth wide in amazement stupidus 
 (confounded) .- why do you stand g., vhy 
 are you speechless, quid sias stupida, 
 quid taces ? PI. Epid. 4, 2, 1 3 the people 
 are eagerly g. at a rope-walker, popu- 
 lus studio in funambulo animum occu- 
 pat, 'IVr. Hec. Prol. i, 4. 
 
 garb: vestUus: v. dkf.ss. Tlie phi- 
 losopher's g., ibolla, cf. Juv. 3, 115. 
 
 garbage ; qulsquUiae v ref uSB 
 (subs.). 
 
 garble: to tamper with documents, 
 etc.: vitio, corrumpo v to falsify, 
 forge. 
 
 garden : 1. hortus (most gen. 
 term; including both fruit and floutr 
 g.s : in pl. u>iU.=plea^ure-grounds,q. v.): 
 farmers call Vieir g. their second Jiitch, 
 "h. agricolae succidiam ultt-nuu appel- 
 lant, Cic. Sen. -id, 56: kit'htn g.s, h. 
 olitorli, Ulp. Dig. 5c, 16, 198. Dimin., 
 hi.rtiilus, o small g.: perh.ips the most 
 suitable word \ot flower-garden . v. Ot 
 61, 91. Adj. hortensius, -sis, Ixlonging 
 to a g.: g. bulbs, hortensii bulbi, I'lin.: 
 in pl. neut., bortensia, g. plants: alnw^ 
 j all g. plants have a single root, b. omni- 
 bus ^illgulae fere radices, Plin. 19, 6, 31: 
 ' hortulaiius and horlualis also occur, but 
 I all are rare. 2. vlridariuin (a pleor 
 I sure g., esp. for shrubs) : Suet. Tib. 60: 
 Plin. (in Cic. Att. 2, 3. the n-uding is 
 doubtful). 3. pOmarium (a/^utf-</.).• 
 l v. OBCHAUn. 
 
 ' gardener: 1. hortuisnus: Macr. 
 
 7, 3, med. : Apul. 2. u"'''""" ('-■'tchen- 
 
 g.): Col. 10, 229- Plin. 3. toplarius 
 
 (ornamental g.) : Cic.Q. Fr. j, i, 2: Plin. 
 
 gardening (•'"*«.) : horiorum cuitus, 
 
 cura: Col. (i, }, init.: Plln. Orna- 
 mental g., toplaria (ars), Cic y. Fr. 3, i 
 2, extr. : Vie work iUelJ, opus topiarium, 
 Plin. 
 
 garden-stuff: 1. 6lus. ens, n., 
 
 both In sing, and i>/.; v. vegetables. 
 
 2. by iiu'lon, hortus: g.-stuff oj 
 
 every 'kind, h. omue genus. Cat. R. R. 
 
 8 watery g -stuff, Irriguus h., Hor. S. 2, 
 
 + "6- 
 
 gargle (<'•'•■ gargftrizo, i: Cels., who 
 u-.e^ it of the physician uVio administert 
 the medicine: cf. 4. 2, I, ./in.: tog. uith 
 and drink a juice, succimi g. atqoe 
 bibere, Pliii. 20, 9, 34- 
 
 333
 
 GARGLE 
 
 GATHER 
 
 gargle isuUs.): gargarisma, atis, n..- 
 Theod. I'risc. Usu. belter expr. by 
 verb : to administer a g. of leitil, ex 
 lenticula gavgarizare, Gels. 6, 6, 26. 
 
 gargling: garganzatio : Gels.: I'lin. 
 
 garish : Pf rh. meatus (lit. rouged) : 
 
 V. GAUDY, SHOWr. 
 
 garland : 1. cOrona : to weave a 
 g., c. nectere, Hor. : to wear a g.on the 
 head, c. in Ciipite tiabere.Gic. ; v. wreath. 
 Ciniai., corolla: PL- Cat. ^dj. corona- 
 rius : anemones suitable for g.s, anemo- 
 nae c, Plin. . a maker of g.s, corona- 
 rius: Plin. 2. sertum'(usu. in pf.) ; 
 the altars are fragraid with fresh g.s, 
 arae s. receiitibu~ halani. Virg. : to en- 
 twine a man's head vith g.s, aliquem 
 serti? redimire, Cic. : Pi. joins coronae, 
 serta. As. 4, i, 58: the latter term was 
 more properly applied to garlands hung 
 round st^uues, pillars, etc. : v. festoon. 
 3. frons, frondis, /. (a g. of leiires : 
 poet.) : gracd with the veil-earned g., 
 merita deairus t., Hor. Od. 4. 2, Jj : 
 Ov. Similarly the name of any kind 
 of foliage may be used with an appro- 
 priate Terb : to entwine the huad icith a 
 myrtle g., caput impedire myrto, Hor. 
 Od. I, 4, 9. 
 garlanded (i^irf- adj.) -. coronatus : 
 
 Cic. Leg. 1, 2;. 6j: Hor. 
 
 garlic: allium or alium: to slink of 
 g., a. obolere, Suet. Vesp. 8: Hor.: Plin. 
 
 garment : vestimentum (any single 
 piece of raiment : usu. in pi); veslitus, 
 us (the whole attire) : v. clothes. 
 
 garner (subs.) -. horreum : v. barn, 
 
 GRAN A BY. 
 
 garner (''■) ■■ t" ^tore in a granary : 
 
 COndo, 5 : V. TO STORE. 
 
 garnet; perh. carbuncfllus garamaii- 
 ticus or ainethystizon : v. Dr. Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. 
 
 garnish: distingue, dficoro: V. to 
 
 ADORN. 
 
 garniture : v. ornajient, adorn- 
 ment. P h r. : the heaven with its g. of 
 stars, coelum astris di>tinctum et oma- 
 tum, Gic. N. D. 2, J1, 9?. 
 
 garret : coenaciilum (strictly, an 
 [tipper'] dining-room : cf. Varr. L. L. 5, 
 }i } 162) • soldiers don't often come to 
 g.s (to pillage), rarus venit in coenacula 
 miles, Juv. 10, 18: the poor manchaiiges 
 his g.s. pauper muuit c, Hor. Ep. i, i, 
 91 : Cic. Phr. : to lim in a g., sub 
 tegulis habitare. Suet. Gr. 9' cf. flight 
 (IV.). 
 
 garrison (subs.) .- praesidium (any 
 body of troops acting as a guard): 
 haikng tal'-en possession of the tmin, he 
 stations a g. there, occupato oppido, ibi 
 p. coUocat, Caes. : to fortify a town and 
 leave a g. there, (oppidum) communire, 
 p.que imponere, Liv. : so, p. consti- 
 tuere, Caes. B. G. •;, 7 : to withdraxo a g. 
 from a place, p. ab (de) oppido deducere, 
 Cic: Liv. (v. TO evacdate): to expel a 
 g. from a citadel, p. ex arce expellere, 
 Nep. Epam. 10: to strengthen or occupy 
 a place with a g., locum praesidiis tir- 
 mare. Sail. Jug. ii ; confirmare, Cic. 
 Agr. I, 5, 16: to be on g., in praesidio 
 esse, cf. Front, j. !•;, init. 
 
 garrison ("■) •• P h r. : to ^. a town, 
 in oppido praesidium cuUocare, impon- 
 ere ; V. preced. art. 
 
 garrotte (subs.): laqueus, (.')folIi- 
 culus- V, haltkr; and to gag. 
 garrulity : garrulitas ; Ov. : Suet. 
 garrulous : 1. garrulus (chatter- 
 ing) : a g. tmgue, g. lingua, Ov. : .sp. 
 of one who cannot keep a secret, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 18, 69. 2. loquax, acis (taU-iug 
 much): old-age is inclined to be g., 
 senectus est loquacior, Cic Sen. 16, init. : 
 T. talkative. 
 
 garrulously : expr. by adj. or verb : 
 he would lallc g. for whole hours, *totas 
 horas garrulus loquehatur (cf. L. G. 
 5 J4?), garriebat : cf. Gic. de Or. 2. ;, 21. 
 garter: periscelis, idis, /. ; in class, 
 authors an ornamental anklet, not a 
 garter : but used in M. L. as the desig- 
 nation of tlie Knightly Order. 
 
 gas: perh. vapor: cf Vi r. 8, 6(5), 
 U, si eripietur lumen vi vaporis, if the 
 light is put out by the for-.e qf the gas 
 :»4 
 
 (foul air in a well): or splritus: cf. 
 Vitr. 1. c, where the same ga^es are so 
 designated : spiritits ex aestuariis dissi- 
 pabuntur. (Gas, indecl., Kr.) 
 
 gaseous : anlmalis, e (of the nature 
 cf air or breath) : cf. Cic. N. D. j, 14, 
 init. : or expr. by circuml., spiritus s. 
 vaporis naiuram habens : v. preced. art. 
 gash (subs.) : patens plaga : Liv. j8, 
 21, ad Jin. Phr.: to inflict a deep 
 g. in the neck, cervicem graviter ferire. 
 Suet. Cal. 58: Liv. : cf. Veg. Mil. 1, 12. 
 gash ("■) : caesim f erio : v. preced. 
 art. (incido is, to make an incision, to 
 diisect : cf. Gels. 5, 27, J.) 
 
 gasp (subs.): 1. anhelitus, us: 
 Cic. : Hor. : V. PANTING. 2. singultus, 
 us (coniyuliire) : to shake, strain the 
 side with long g.s (in death), longis s. 
 ilia pulsare, Virg. Aen. 9, 415 ; ter.dere. 
 id. G. }, 507 : the last g.s, extremi animae 
 s., SUt. 
 
 gasp (»••) : 1. anhelo, i : v. to 
 PANT. 2. singulto, I (convulsively) : 
 to g for breath, and roll the eyes (in 
 death), s. animam et versare animam. 
 Virg. Aen. 9, JJf- (there is another 
 form, singultio, 4 : v. to sob.) 
 
 gasping (part, adj.): anhelus : v. 
 
 PANTING. 
 
 gastric : ad stomachmn pertinens, 
 or simply stomachi (depend, gen.): v. 
 STOMACH. G. fever, *febris genus qui id 
 gastricnm appellatiir (only a> med. (. t.). 
 
 gastronome : perli. *gulae maglster 
 cf. I'lin. 8, 17, ?o, proceres gulae = we 
 greatest gastronomes. 
 
 gastronomy: P^rb. gula (by me- 
 lon.): the provocatives of g., irritiUnenta 
 gulae. Sail. Jug. 89, extr.: cf. Mart. 6, 
 1 1. 6, non minus ingenua est mibi gula: 
 
 v. GLUTTONi". 
 
 gate : 1. porta (esp. of a <ity or 
 toum : cf. Ov. Am. i, 9, 20, hie [milts] 
 P'irtas frangit, at ille [amans] lores): 
 before the g. of the town, ante p. oppidi, 
 Caes : Cic. Also of the entrances to a 
 camp : V. Diet. Ant. s. v. ca!<tra. Fig.: 
 the g.s of war, p. belli, Enn. in Hor. : 
 the g.s of Cilicia (defile leading into 
 r.), portae Ciliciae. Plin. Vimin., por- 
 Ifila, a small g., Liv. 2. Janua ('/« 
 prirate house) : v. DOOR. Fig. the g. 
 <f gloomy bis (the grave), atri j. Ditis, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 127 ; j. sepukri. Ov. 3. 
 ostium (an entrance of any kind , more 
 freq. the door of a house) : before the 
 prison g., ad o. carceris, Gic. Verr. 5, 45, 
 118. Join: (extra) ostium Umenque 
 carceris, id. Tusc. 5, 5, IJ. 4. postis, 
 is, m. (strictly, the post of a gate, but 
 used poet, for the gate itself: usu. pi.): 
 he wrenches a g. from, its hinges, postes 
 a cardine vellit, Virg. Aen. 2, 480. Fig.: 
 the iriin-shod gates of war, ferrates belli 
 p., Enn. in Hor. Less freq. in sing. : 
 at the g. of the temple of Bercules, ad 
 Herculis posiem, Hor. Ep. i, I, 5. 5. 
 foris, is, /. (usu. of the gates of hmtses, 
 of which foris strictly denotes a folding 
 leaf: sing, rare): before the g.s (of the 
 city) could be shut upon them, pritjs- 
 quam fores portarum objicereniur, Liv. 
 I, 14, extr. : v. DOOR. 6. claustra, 
 
 orum (poet. : stiictly fastenings, bar- 
 riers) : guard thou her iron g.s uith an 
 eternal lock, ferrea perpetua c. tuere 
 sera. Mart. 10, 28, extr. : to leave behind 
 the C/.S 0/ the city, c. (al tecta) urbis 
 relinquere, Ov. M 4, 86. 
 
 gate-keeper : janitor (whether of a 
 house or other building) : the g. of a 
 jail. j. carceris, Cic. Verr. 5, 4;, 118: of 
 Ifades (Cerberus), inferorum j., Virg. 
 
 gate-post : postis, is, m. -. to hold the 
 g. (of a temple) by the hand, p. (aedis) 
 tenere, Liv. 2, 8, ad fin. : Cic. : to affix 
 any thing (as a notice) to the g. of the 
 senate-house, aliquid in curiae poste 
 figere, Cic. Alt. }, 15, med. 
 
 gate-way : i" nmst cases, porta or 
 postis V. GATE. The g. or entrance- 
 works to the Acropnlis at Athens, propy- 
 laeumorjiJ -a: Gic: Plin. 
 
 gather: a. Trans.: I. To 
 
 bring together .■ 1. coUig", legi, ctum, 
 i . to g. together a large number of men, 
 magnum uumerum bominum c, Gic. : 
 
 GATHKRING IN 
 
 V. TO COLLECT. 2, congrego, I (to 
 
 assemble, as a dispersed flock) : to g 
 together scattered human beings, dis- 
 perses homines [unum in locum] c, 
 Cic. de Or. 1, 8, jj : cf. id. Tusc i. 2;, 
 62, dissipates homines congregavit et 
 ad secietatem vitae convocavit : Tac. 
 3. confero, tiili, latum, j (of things 
 rather than persons) : to g. together corn 
 from the country into a camp, trumen- 
 turn ex agris in castra c, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 
 JI : V. TO BRING TOOETHEU. 4, COU- 
 
 veho, xi, ctum, j (like confero) : to g. 
 fodder and corn (of foragers), pabttlum 
 frumentumqiie c, Caes. B. G, 7, 74. 
 5. C5g0, J : V. TO COLLECT. See 
 also TO GATHER IN, UP, etC. ||. TO 
 
 pluck ; as, afloner or fruit : 1. lego, 
 legi, ledum, ; : to g. nuts, nuces 1., Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 66, 265 : to g. fiouers, flores 1., 
 Virg. : Ov. : see also to pick up. Comp. 
 deligo. rare in this sense: lenui deligere 
 ungue rosam, Ov. Her. 4. ?o. 2. 
 
 Carpo, psi, ptum, } : to g. herbs uith the 
 hands, herbas manibus c. Col. : v. TO 
 PLiCK. Comp. decerpo : to g. fresh 
 flimers, novos d. flores, l.ucr. 4, j : Her.: 
 Ov. III. To infer, conclude : 1. con- 
 jicio. jecil Jeciinn, j (to put things to- 
 gether and draw an inference) : I soon 
 g.'d that you n ere at iMnuvium, cito 
 cenjeci te Lanuvii tuisse, Cic. Att. 14, 
 21. init. : Ter. : v. to conjecture. 2 
 coUigo, ? (like preced.) : /rcfin this you. 
 may g. how excessively I am engaged, ex 
 eo c. pessis quanta occupatione disti- 
 near, Cic. Att. 2, 21, init. : Liv. 3. 
 suspicor. I (to surmise) : as far as I 
 can g. from the moiement of your face, 
 quantum meiu suspicor oris, Ov. M. i, 
 461: v. to suspect. B. In trans. 
 I. To assemi'le : 1. congrggo, i 
 (with pron. i efl. or as pass. ; v. s^pr. I.) ; 
 impious citizens weie g.ing together 
 inipii cives unum se in locum congrega^ 
 bant, Gic. Ph. 14, 6. init. : storks uiien 
 about to migiate, g. together in one spot 
 ciconiae abiturae congregantur in uno 
 loco, Plin. 2. convenio, 4; v. to 
 ASSEMBLE. II, 7b generate purulent 
 matter: suppiiro, 1 : v. to fester. 
 
 gather in : i.e. to get in crops . 1 
 percipio. cepi, ceptum. i : to sow, to g. 
 in, to tiouse crops, serere, p.. condere 
 fructus, Cic. Sen. 7, 24: Plin. 2. 
 cndo. didi, ditum, j ('" Ian "P. as in a 
 granary): v_ to store, and supr (1). 
 3. conveho, xi, ctum, j . to g. in 
 produce, fructus c, Varr. L. Iy 5, 6 ij J5 • 
 to g. in harvests, messes c, Plin. 
 
 round : |. T r a n s. : to attach 
 
 to oneself: 1. adscisco (asc), ivi, 
 
 itum, J (to admit to a body or com- 
 pany) : to g. round oneself men of every 
 class, ciij usque generis homines ads., 
 .Sail. Cat. 24. 2. congrego, convoco 
 
 v. TO GATHER (A.), ASSEMBLE. ||, 
 
 1 n t r a n s. : to assemble about any one . 
 confluo, afHuo, j : v. to flock to. 
 
 up: 1. collTgo, legi, ctum, J: 
 
 I to g. up baggage (before starting), vasa 
 c, Cic. : Liv, ; V. to collect. F i g. 
 to g. up the hair in a knot, capilles in 
 nodum c, Ov. M. ?, 169; to g. up one's 
 toya, togam c. Mart. 7, JJ. 2. sub- 
 
 llgo, i (from beneath) : to g. up from, 
 under (the table) v hat might offend 
 the guests, s. quod posset coenantes 
 offendere, Hor. S 2, 8, 12 : Col.: v. to 
 pick tip. 3. 'e g. up again, recollige, 
 i: to g. up one's robe again, stolam r., 
 Plin. Ep 4, 11,9: Just. 
 
 gatherer: expr. by pres. part, of 
 lego (cf L. G. i 6j8): v. to gatheb 
 (II.). 
 
 gathering (swbs.) : 1. The act: 
 coUectio (together) : the g. up of tA» 
 limbs of Absyrtus, (membrorum Ab- 
 syrti) c, Cic. Manil. 9, 22. Oftener expr 
 by verb : in their eagerness of g., car- 
 pendi studio, Ov. M. 4, 443: v to 
 gather; and fell. art. !|. A meet- 
 ing of people : coetus, concilium : v. 
 
 ASSEMBLY, 
 
 in (subs.) : perceplio : the g. 
 
 in of the fruits (of the earth), frugum 
 j fructunmque p., Qc. Off. 2, }, Hi or 
 I expr. by verb : v. preced. art.
 
 GAU D I IL V 
 
 GENERAL, IN 
 
 GENERALLY 
 
 gaudily : perh. mcate cf. Aus. post 
 
 Id. }, fuaitius concinnata plus 
 
 colons quum »ucci habere. 
 
 gaudineSi : 1. perh. .ucus {rouge, 
 paint): iiomanish vanity aivi y., effe- 
 minata levitaa et fuco I'mentiiu-. (al. 
 emineiis) color, yuint. 8, }, 6 : cl. Cic. de 
 Or. ;, 52, 199, fuco illiius color. 2. 
 lenOciniuni {meretricious ornament) : v. 
 
 FINKBV. 
 
 gaudy : 1. perh. furatus (lit. 
 
 tricked out with false colour) : cf. Cic. 
 Or. 2}, •)<). fuia;i iiiedicaim'tita {cosme- 
 tics) c&nK\><r\s e\ mboris: averse thai is 
 sonievhat g., versus Qquodam quasi fiT- 
 ruminc immiv.o] tucatiur, (jell. 1?, 26, 
 extr. : a y. style of oratory, genus di- 
 cendi lucaium aique praelinitum, cf. 
 Gell. •;, 14, eitr. 2. perh. versicolor, 
 oris (let h varied foUmrs) : brilliant and 
 g. oialory, translucida et v. elocutio, 
 Quint. 8, prof. } 20. Or expr. by cir- 
 cuml., g. attire. *iultus elegaritior, spe- 
 ciosior, splendidior quum dectt : v. 
 
 SHOWY. 
 
 gauge ("■)•■ nietior, 4: v. to mea- 
 
 SL-RK. 
 
 gauge (subs.) : mddulus : Fig.: to 
 measure oneself by one's own g., metiri 
 se suo m. [ac pede], Hor. Ep. I, 7, extc. : 
 
 T. MEASLRK. 
 
 gauger : *doliorum s. cadorum men- 
 
 SOr: V. MEASURER. 
 
 gauntlet: 1. digttalla, lum: V. 
 GLOVES. 2. raanicae, arum (prop. 
 sleeves covering the arms) : v. sleeve, 
 GLOVE. Phr. : to take up the g. <m be- 
 half of any one, alicui propugnatorem 
 se praestare, Suet. Caes. 16. 
 
 gauze : perh. Coa vestis, or C6a, 
 orum, n. pi. .- an exceedingly thin, trans- 
 parent fabric, riin. II, 22, 26; described 
 by Seneca as, vestis nil celatura, Kp. 90, 
 21 : H..r. 
 
 gauzy : praetenuls, subtllissimus : 
 
 T. FINE, THIN. 
 
 gavel-kind: Phr. : they follow the 
 custom of g., *iis institntum est ut filii 
 omnes ex aiquo jure hercditali (palri- 
 monio) succedant. 
 
 gay: I. cheerful: 1. festus : 
 
 the y. theatres, f. theatra, Ov. : to lead on 
 the g. dance, f. agere chores, Ov. : Plin. 
 Ep.: V. festive. 2. laetus: to ex- 
 
 change mourning for g. attire, luctum 
 
 1. cultu mutare, Tac. Ann. 2, 75 ; v. joy- 
 ful. 3. 'l''aris,e: V. CHEERFUL. II, 
 Lively, bright of hue : 1, floridus : g. 
 colours, colores f. (opp. to austeri), Plin. 
 }y, 6, 12. 2. vegetus {lively) : a very 
 g. colour, color vegetissimus, I'lin. 21, 8, 
 22. 3. splendidus : v. bright. 
 
 gaze ("•) •■ '• s- 'o f'Onk intently at : 
 1, tueor, 2 (in this sense chiefly 
 poet.) : she takes fire as she g.s, ardescit 
 tuendo, Virg. Aen. i, 71?. So the 
 comps. intueor, contueor (both in Cic.) : 
 V. to 1.00K AT. 2. contemplor, I 
 
 (strictly, to lofk at on all sides, atten- 
 tively : esp. of the action of the mind) : 
 V. TO si;rvey, contemplate. 
 
 gaze (subs.) : 1. obtiitus, us (fixed, 
 steady g.) : fixed in one y., ob. fixus in 
 uno, Virg. Aen. I. 49; : the sold eludes 
 the g. of the eys, tninius oculorum effu- 
 git ob., Cic. Tim. 8 2. ccnspectus, us : 
 T. LOOK, sight. 
 
 gazelle : d'ircas, adis./. : Mart. : Plin. 
 
 gazette : perh. acta diunia : v. JOUR- 
 
 KAL, NEWSPAPER. 
 
 gazetteer : I. 4 writer of gazettes ; 
 •actorum diumonim scriptor. ||, A 
 book of topography : perh. itingrarium : 
 T. itinerary. 
 
 gazing-StOCk : spectaculum: to be 
 Vu g. <f ime who is not a friend, homini 
 non nmico spectaculo esse, Cic. Att. 9, 
 
 2, extr. : the captives are the g. of all, 
 praebent spectaoula captl. Ov. A. A. 2, 
 581. See also laughing-stock. 
 
 gear ; instrumenta, supellex : v. im- 
 plement, furniture, etc. 
 
 gecko : lacertus : V. LIZARD. 
 
 gehenna: gShenna: VulR.: Tert. 
 
 gelatine : (?) gluten, glutlnum (any 
 glutinous substance) : v. glue. 
 
 gelatinous: (.') giiitlnosus , v. glu- 
 
 TINODS. 
 
 geld ; caslro, I : Col. 6, 26 : Varr. [ 
 gelder : castrator : lert. (Better 
 eipr. by vi-rb ; v. preced. art.) 
 gelding (fubs.) .- |. rite act or 1 
 
 process . ia.Mritio : Col. 6, 26. ||, A 
 
 liorse that has been gelded : 1, cin- 
 terius: Varr K. K. 2 7, extr. 2. 1 
 
 perh. curtus equus, cf. Hor. S. I, 6, 104; , 
 and il) 9, 70. 
 
 gelid: KOUdus: v. ict. 
 
 gtlidity : gelu, gelidum frigus: v. 
 
 COLli. 
 
 ^em : |. L 1 1. : a precious stone : 
 ^emma : cupi stud/lrd with most bril- 
 liant g.s, pocula g. clarissiniis di>liiu la, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 27, 62. K i g. : many g.s on 
 his fingers, mure in his poem, iiiultae in 
 digitis, pliires in carmine g., M.irt. 5, 11. 
 II. In fig. sense, a choice bit in an 
 author: flosci'ilus (_/to» er) : -Sen. Ep. J(, 
 1,7 in same s- nse Cic lias Gr. ivSr), 
 Att. 16. II. If the "gem" is a short 
 apophtliegmatic sentence, cliria, seiiten- 
 tia, may l)e used, yuiiii. 1, 9, !. 
 
 gem (''. Ir.) : dislinguo, iixi, nctum, 
 
 } : v. TO STLI), AIXIUN. 
 
 gemmed (part, adj.) .- gemmatus, 
 gemm.ms: v. jewelled. Fig.: grass 
 g. with early dew, berbae gemmautes 
 rore receiiti, Lucr. 
 
 gender : g^nus, 6ris, n. .- in nouns 
 there are three g.s,ln nominibus tria g. 
 sunt, Quint. I, 4, 2J: Varr. 
 
 genealogicaJ : expr. by stirps, 6rigo, 
 etc. : a g. work, •liber de origine faml- 
 liarum scriptus, cf. Nep. Att. 18 to 
 enter into long g. discussions, *multa 
 de stirpibus, propaginibus disserere, 
 quaerere : v. Nep. 1. c. Ancient g. 
 writers, antiqui genealogi, Cic. N. 1). 
 J, 17, 44: a g. table, siemnia, atis : 
 Sen. : Jnv. : v. pedigree. 
 
 genealogically: »'x stirpe; generis 
 ordine, etc. : v. genealogy, race. 
 
 genealogist : genealOgus : Cic. N. D. 
 
 }• 17. 44- 
 
 genealogy : Phr.: to ascertain the 
 g.s of gieat me»?, clarorum viroiuni pro- 
 pagines cognoscere, Nep. Att. i8 h^ 
 enumerated the g. of the Juiiian family 
 from its origin in order, marking the y. 
 of ecu:h, .Tuniam familiam a stirpe ordine 
 enumeravit, notans qui a quoqne onus 
 (esset), Nep. I. c. 
 
 general (adj.) .- I. As opp. to .<tpe- 
 cific or particular : gSngralis, e : a cer- 
 tain y. feature vhich ajjpears in all 
 virtue, g. quoddam, quod in omni hones- 
 tate versatur, Cic. Off. i, 27, 96 : that is 
 g.. this sp-cific, illud g., hoc speciale, 
 Quint. ?, 10, 45 : ag. definition, g. defi- 
 niliu, Ulp. Dig. 28, 5, 4$ i- P I' r. : to 
 attend to the g. drift of a speech, uni- 
 versitati (sermonis) attendere, Plin. i, 
 8, }. II. n'u.tely-sprea'i : vulgaris, e : 
 the g. customs ol men, v. honiinum con- 
 suetudo, Cic. : v. a)MMON. To make g., 
 Tulgo, I : V. TO propagate, spread. 
 III. Shared tiy all : 1. communis, 
 e : they deplored the g. danger, c. peri 
 culum miserebantur, Caes. Cic. : v. 
 common. 2. publicus: v. public. 
 
 3. universiis {taken all togelhn- ; 
 afferting the whde) : a g. engagement, 
 u. dimicatio, Liv. 22, ?2, ad med. |V. 
 As opp. to exact : vulgaris, e : if not so 
 according to that refined definition, yet 
 according to this g.'lp/pulor'] setise, it 
 {eloquence) is an att, si minus ilia sub- 
 tlli definitlone, al hac v. opinione ars 
 est, Cic. de Or. i, 2J, 109: v. common. 
 See also foil. art. 
 
 general, in : as adverb, phr. : 1. 
 ad suminam (summing-up: Gr. *V Ktifx'- 
 Aatw) : in g., not to go into particulars, 
 ad s., ne agam de singulis, Cic. Off. i, 
 41, extr. 2. In universum (as a 
 
 whole ; taking a g. vieiv) : to Iciok at (a 
 nation) in g., in u. aestimare, Tac. Aer. 
 II : Liv 3. in communC (= preced. : 
 rare) : this ve haiv learnt respecting the 
 origin of all the Hermans in g.. haec in 
 c. de orimium G> rmanorum origine ac- 
 cepimus. lac. Ger. 27. 4, expr. by 
 
 univorsus, uni vers! tas (the latter late) 
 to thank people individually and in g., 
 singulis et universis gratias agere, Cic. in 
 Sen. 12, JO : to regard the interests of the 
 
 human race m g., universo generi hom- 
 inum coiisulere, Cic. N. D. 2. 65. i'>4 ■ (o 
 treat of agriculture in y. (■•pp i.. parti- 
 culaily), de univerkitaie [agiicuiiurae] 
 difiserere. Col. pni. rxti . : nin. Jun. 
 
 general, to become: 1. lucre- 
 bre*co (-besco), crebrui (-bui), j : thit 
 custom uhich fuis beiome y., liaec O'libue- 
 tudoquae Increbruit, Cii . Piiil. 14, 5, 12: 
 Plin. 2. crebrewo (-beroi), ) lioenoe 
 was tjecoming g., liceiitia cnbret^ebat, 
 Tac. Ann. }, 60. See aU« genkeali.y. 
 
 general («"05.) .- 1. dux, ducu, 
 c. : a great g., niugnus d.. I.lv. : a con- 
 summaie y., suniinus d., C'i.-. 10 appoint 
 a g. to an army, praeticere d. exeicitui, 
 Cic. 2. ini|ieialor {commai der-in- 
 chief: cf Cic. Off. }, 26, ad fin., duu 
 Xanthip[>o Lacedaem^nid, imperature 
 auteni puire Hanullalis ll^miloire): tht 
 duties of a lieutenant are 'tijfermt from 
 those of a g. in chi'f, aliae simi Irgati 
 p;;nes, aliae imperaloris, C.ie». B. C. J, 
 51 a nise and sagacious g., sapirn» et 
 callidus i., Cic. liiv. i, J4, 58 : ci first- 
 rate g., suminus i., Cic. Hence, beh/vg- 
 ing to a g. (in chief), im|>eral"riU8: 
 the lalxiurs of a g., labor imix-ratoriuB, 
 Cic. Tusc. 2. 26, 6j. 3. praetor 
 
 (obsol.), whence adj. praetoriu.-, belong' 
 ing to a (Roman) g. ■ the y.'s lent, prae- 
 lorium (se. taljernaculuni), Caes. Liv. 
 the g.'s boily-guard, praetoria cobure ■ 
 V. l;r. Smiths Diet. Ant. s. v. praeto- 
 riani. Phr.: to be g., exercilui prae- 
 esse (v. to command): to appoit.t uny 
 (Wieg'.,aliquem exercilui praehcere, prae- 
 ponere (v. to appoint, 1., 5, 6). 
 
 generalissimo: 1. nnperator: 
 
 V. preced. art. 2. du\, duiis (with 
 some accomp.:uiylng word . v. preced. 
 art., l): the g. of tlie Greeks (Agam'-m- 
 non), d. ille (iraecomm, Cic. Sen. 10, ji. 
 Phr.: he made him g. of his rntirt 
 forces, praefecit eum omnibus suis co- 
 piis : V. TO appoint (1., 5, 6). 
 
 generality: I. 'I'f^^ ™o** I'art; 
 
 the multitude : 1. plcrique v. most. 
 
 2. VUlgUS : V. MULTITUDE. ||. 
 
 a vague general statement : esp. in pi. : 
 communes loci : cf. Cic. de Or. ?, 27, 
 106. Phr. an exordium that deals in 
 mere g.s, commune exordium, Cic. Inv. 
 I. 18, 26. 
 generalization: expr. by verb: 
 
 *quud in suminam dicitur; quod ex sin- 
 gulis rebus coUectum universe praedic- 
 utur. 
 
 generalize : summatim (in sum- 
 mam), universe, de aliqua re loqui: v. 
 
 GENERAL (iN), GENERALLY (1.). 
 
 generally: I. "PP- »" specially. 
 
 in particular: \. geneiat'm : t" fjxoJc 
 parliculaily rather than g. and utnrer- 
 sally, singillatim pollus quam g. atque 
 univers« loqui. Cic. Verr ;. 55. 14I : 
 Quint. 2. gfneraliter (this uiid the 
 foregoing have the striit logical sense): 
 to define a thing g., aliquld g. definire, 
 Cic. Inv. I, 26, 59: to undei stand a 
 thing g. or specially, aliquid g. et spe- 
 cialiter accipere. Quint. 5. 10, 42. 3. 
 universe (as a whole, witho^'t partirw 
 lars : rare): my othrr cinnmissiims I 
 gave him g. ; but this pai ticularly. ceier» 
 u. mandavi ; illud prtil*-. Cic. AtL 5. 2, 
 ad init.: also, in universum (v. gene- 
 ral, IN). 4. summStlni ia.< cfic s-um- 
 ming up)': to' sketch a fulject brietly 
 and g., de re breviter ac s. pen urrere, 
 
 Cic- V. SUMMARILY. . Siriilim: ». 
 
 CURH)RILY. II. /Vr the nu^ part; 
 
 commonhi: 1. plerumque (in the 
 
 rmijiirity of rases) : these things are 
 accidental ; for thei/ hi/ipen g..tiot al- 
 ways, haec fortuita sunt ; p. enim, noa 
 ..-eniper evenlunt, Cic. I>lv. 2, ?, 14 : 
 Caes.: Hor.: v. m<.,-.tly. 2. ^ulg* 
 
 {amimonly) : p-i'ple g. said that Anitmf 
 would remain at rasilinum., v. U<jue- 
 lantur Antonium mansumm es.se Ca.si- 
 llni, Cic. Att. 16. 10: v. commonly. 3. 
 ffre, lerme : v. usually. 4. iUIoqui, 
 anoquin (lit. otheruise, in all l^eridet: 
 when an exception to a general rule ia 
 iniplieil) : if my nature is blemithrd 
 u-ith a few faults, and those trifiing 
 ones, whilst g. correct, si vitlls niediodi- 
 iii
 
 GENERALSHIP 
 
 GENTILE 
 
 GENTLENESS 
 
 bus ac mea p^iicis mendosa est natura, 
 alloqui recta, Hor. S. i, 6, 66 : on which 
 occasion Caesar, who was g. firm in 
 rejetting homiurs, etc., qua occasione 
 Caesar, a. validus spemendis hdnoribus, 
 etc. : Tac. Ann. 4, JT : v. otherwi.se. 
 
 generalship: I. The act of am- 
 •mandiiig an army : 1, ductus, us : 
 he conducted the uar most admirably by 
 his g., rem optime d. suo gessit, Cic. 
 Manil. 21, init.: by the valour and g. 
 of VentidiuS; virtute et d. Ventidii, Veil. 
 
 2. 78. 2. expr. by du.\, impeiator, 
 in abl. absol. constr. . {Hausanias) under 
 whose g. Mardonius had been routed, 
 quo duce M. fugatus erat, Nep. Arist. 2: 
 Hor. Od. I, 2, extr. ||. Skill of a 
 commander: consilium (Varus) defi- 
 cient in g., imperaloris consilio defectus. 
 Veil. 2, 120. cf. Cic. N. D. j. 6, 16, cxm- 
 tUium lUud imperatonim fuit, quod 
 Graeci o-Tpar^Ytjfia appellant : Caes. 
 Join: consilio ac virtute, Cic. Manil. 
 4, 10. Sometimes scieniia (peritia) rei 
 BQilitaris may serve, cf. Cic. 1. c. $ 28. 
 
 generate: gen§ro, gigno, procreo, 
 
 p9,riO : V. TO BEGET, PRODUCE. 
 
 generation: \. The act of beget- 
 ting or producing : 1. procreatio : 
 Cicl Tusc. I, 14, ji : v procreation. 
 
 2. generatio (rare) : tlit .y. of fishes, 
 piscium g., Plin. 9, 50, 74. (There is a 
 ■work of Aristotle's with the current 
 title de Generatione ^ n-epi yevecreu><;.) 
 
 3. geiiitura (rare) : the g. of birds 
 and quadrupeds, alitum quadrupedum- 
 que g., Plin. 18, 24, 56. 4. e.\pr. by 
 verb : the g. of females is the more 
 rapid, feminas celerius gigni quam 
 mares, Plin. 7, 4, } . tlie g. of birds is 
 from eggs, aves ex ovis generantur : v. 
 TO GENERATE. The Organs of g., geni- 
 talia: V. GENITALS. ||. A Single suc- 
 cession in natural descent : 1. secti- 
 lum or saeculum (an aye) : many g.s of 
 men, multa s. hominum, Cic. Rep. 6, 22 : 
 Liv. Esp. with ethical reference : 
 infamy of our g., o nostri infamia s. ! 
 Ov. : v. AGE. 2. aetas: he was living 
 his third g., tertiam aeL hominum vive- 
 bat, Cic. Sen. 10, ji : Amphiaraus per- 
 ished one g. before the Trojan var, 
 obiit A. una aet. ante Iliacum bellum, 
 Plin. 16, 44, 87. (N.B.— The preced. 
 words have wider uses than the Eng., 
 and both occur also:=cer!fM)y ; cf. Cic. 
 de Or. 2, ?7, 154; Ov. Met. 12, 188.) 
 
 III. Offspring, progeny : genus, pro- 
 gfinies : V. race. 
 
 generative: 1. genitalis, e: the 
 g. principles of matter, g. semina rerum, 
 Lucr. 1 , 59 : the g. organs, g. partes cor- 
 poris, Lucr. 4, 1041 ; g. membra, Ov. 
 Am. 2, i, ? : v. GENITALS. 2. geni- 
 alis, e : esp. of the muniage bed, g. 
 lectus, Cic. Clu. 5, 14. 
 
 generator : 1. generator,/, trix : 
 Cic. : Virg. 2. procreator, /. trix : 
 
 Cic. : V. PARENT. 
 
 generic : gSneralis. e : V. GENERAL (I.). 
 
 genericaUr : gfingre : quod ad genus 
 attinet : v. kind (subs). 
 
 generosity : bgnignitas : a g. beyond 
 one's means, b. major quam facultates, 
 Cic. Off. I, 14, 42; where, as elsewhere, 
 Cic. uses benignitas. liberalitas, lieneti- 
 centia, as syn. See also, kindness, 
 
 LIBERALITY. 
 
 generous : I. Of good breeding : 
 ggngrosus : no one of more g. blood than 
 thou, nemo generosior te, Hor. S. i, 6, 2 : 
 Virg. : more fully, generosus sanguine, 
 Ov. Mel. 14,698. Join: generosus ac 
 nobllis, Cic. Par. j, i, 20. Fig.: g. 
 wine, g. vinum, Hor. Ep. i, 15, 18. ||. 
 A'oble-minded, liberal : 1, gengrosus : 
 V. HIGH-SPIRITED: cf. also Quint. ;, 11, 
 
 3. (N.B. — Not to be used in sense of 
 merely kiiui, liberal.) 2, bgnignus 
 (bountiful, kind) .- more g. than ones 
 means allow, benignior quam res pati- 
 tur, Cic. Off. I, 14, 44: V. KIND. 3. 
 Hberalig, e (esp. with ref. to giving 
 money) : Sail. : Cic. : v, LrBER.\L. 
 
 genesis ; |. Origin : Origo, tnis, 
 '. : V. ORIGIN. II. The book so called : 
 ginSsis, is or eos,/. : Vulg. . Tert. 
 
 KSnial : I. Relating to generation : 
 }S6 
 
 genialis, genitalis : v. generative. See 
 also PROLIFIC. FOSTERING. ||, Cheer- 
 ing, giring enjoyment : genialis, e: a g. 
 day, g. dies, Juv. 4, 66 : g. unnter, g. 
 hiems, Virg. G. i, ^02 : the g. grape, g. 
 uva, Ov. Ill, Of disposition; hearty 
 and sympathetic: 1. perh.b5nignus: v. 
 GENEROUS. (Stat.Th. I2.6i8.hasgeniales 
 divi, of Bacchus and Ceres, appy. in 
 ki ndred sense to this.) 2. perh. comis. e 
 (friendly, affable) ; cf. Hor. S. i, 10, 5 j. 
 
 geniality : perh. geniale quoddam 
 ingenium : v. preced. art. 
 
 genially : ggnialiter (jovially) : Ov. 
 Met. II, 95. 
 
 genital (adj.): genitalis: v. gene- 
 
 RATIVP:, NATAL. 
 
 genitals (subs): 1, genitalia, um, 
 w. (strictly ad;.): Gels.: Col. The sing, 
 also occurs, Cels. 4, i, ad fm. : Plin. ; 
 and the adj. with partes or membra 
 (membrum) expressed : v. generative. 
 2. naturalia, ium (like preced): 
 Col. : Cels. The sing, naturale also oc- 
 curs, Cels. 7, 26, I : also, loca naturalia, 
 Cels. 3. natiiia (by euphemism) : 
 Cic. N. P. i, 22, 56. The same organs 
 are also designated, in the male, virilia, 
 Plin.; Petr. ; also, penis, is, m.. Sail.; 
 Qc. ; veretrum, Suet. : Phaedr. : in the 
 female, muliebria, Tac. ; or muliebres 
 loci, VaiT. L. L. 5, 2, 15; or simply loci, 
 loca (also used of the womb, Cic.) : Col. 
 8, II, med. : Coel. Aur. (rarely veretrum 
 muliebre, Coel. Aur.) ; in either sex, 
 pudenda, orum, Auson. ; vgrenda, orum, 
 Plin. ; piibes, is, Virg. : Plin. : Cels. 
 Arva muliebria (Lucr.), arvum genitale 
 (Virg.) = muliebria, are poet. 
 
 genitive : genitivus casus : Quint. 
 I, 5, 62: also simply genitivus, Gram. 
 passim. 
 
 genius : I. Uental power : 1. 
 ingenium (including all natural endmu- 
 me7its) : a liberal vein of (poetic) g., in- 
 geni benigna rena, Hor. Od. i, 18, 10 : 
 men of most eminent g., praestantissi- 
 mis i. homines, Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 51 
 writers of great g., scriptonim magna i., 
 .Sail. Cat. 8. (N.B.— Ingenium must not 
 be used alone, to denote what we mean 
 by genius.) 2. indoles, is (= preced., 
 but oftener used of disposition and 
 moral qualities) : a profound g., alta i., 
 Liv. 21, 2, med. : v. disposition. Cic. 
 has, [summa] ingenii indoles, Ph. 11, u, 
 JJ- 3. gfinius (v. rare)- cf. Juv. 6, 
 562. II. A natural gift or adapted- 
 ness of mind: 1. facultas; v. fa- 
 CULTT. 2. ('" certain phr. by me- 
 tun.) : Minerva (as the tutelary goddess 
 of men of genius): contrary to one's 
 natural g., iiivita, ut aiunt, Minerva [id 
 est adversante et repugnante natura], 
 Cic. Off. 1, JI, 1 10; Hor.: of rude g , 
 cra-ssa M., Hor. S. 2. 2, j. |||. A mun 
 of great natural powe}- : 1. vir in- 
 ggnlosus (highly endoired) : cf. Cic. Tusc. 
 I, J 5. 80. 2. (by meton., like our " nil," 
 but only so in pi.) ingenium ; eminent 
 geniuses (writers), praeclara i. Sail. Cat. 
 8 : cf. supr. (1. 1). (Or expr. by circuml. 
 with ingenium, etc. ; as, vir praeclaro in- 
 genio, summo ingenio praeditus ; altA vir 
 indole, eic. ; v. supr. I.). |V. A tutelary 
 being: gfinius (supposed to attend each 
 man): Hor.: Liv.: cf. Diet. Biog. and 
 Myth. 11. 241. 
 
 genteel : elegans, pSlItus : V. ELE- 
 GANT, polite. 
 
 genteelly : eleganter: V. ELEGANTLY. 
 
 gentian: gentiana: Plin.: M.L. 
 
 gentile (adj.) : \. Appertaining 
 to a family (gens); 1, gentilis, e: 
 a g. name, nomen g.. Suet. Ner. 4J: Cic. 
 (who uses the word chiefly as subs.). 
 2. gentilicius (-tins): = preced., of 
 which it is strictly an adject, form : g. 
 names, g. nomina. Suet. CI. 25, med.: 
 Liv.; V. FAMILY (aiy.): ||. Relating 
 to the Gentiles : 1. ethnicus (Gr. €0- 
 viKos); Prud. : August.: v. heathen. 
 2. gentilis, e : g. literature, g. lite- 
 rae, Prud. : Hier. 3. expr. by gen. of 
 genies, nationes: v. foil. art. 
 
 gentile (subs.) ; 1. homo ethuicus, 
 geniilis. V. preced. art. 2. in pi., 
 gentes, ium (= Gr. eSn/),/. : Vulg. Act. 
 
 xiii., 46: August. 3. nationes, um,/. ; 
 Arnob., whose apologetic work in en- 
 titled, " adversus nationes :" Tert. 
 gentility : elfigantia : V. elegance, 
 
 REFINEMENT. 
 
 gentle: I. WeU-bom: generosus: 
 a virgin of g. and nohle birth, g. ac no- 
 bilis Virgo, Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20 . Anaxarete 
 of g. blood. A. generosa sanguine, Ov. 
 Met. 14, 698. V noble. II. Mild, 
 soft: 1. lenis, e: a very g. wind, 
 lenissimus ventus, CiC; Caes.- to cook 
 at a g.jire, 1. ignicoquere, Plin. Fig. • 
 g. torture, 1. tormentum, Hor. Od. }, 21, 
 ij . very g. (clement) towards foes, in 
 hostes lenissimus. Cic. R. Am. 5J, 154 
 to be CM g. as possible (with any one), 
 quam lenissimum se praebere, Cic. 2. 
 Clemens, ntis (rare in lit. sense : y. cle- 
 ment): a g. breeze, c. flamen. Cat. 64, 
 272: a g. stream, c. flumen, cf. Ov. 9, 
 116. Fig. : a gr. reproof, c. castigatio, 
 Cic. Off. 1, j8. 1 J7 : v. MILD. 3. man- 
 suetus (strictly, tame: q. v.): this I 
 ask, why has he so suddenly became g. 
 (tame) in the senate, when he was so 
 fierce in his edicts? illud quaero, cur 
 tarn subito m. in senatu fuerit, cum in 
 edictis timi fuisset ferus.' Cic. I'hil. j, 9, 
 2} : a very g. disposition, mansuetis- 
 simum ingenium, Val. Max. 2, 7, 11 ; 
 Prop. 4. mitis, e (v. mild): a g. 
 river, m. fiuvius, Virg. Aen. 8, 88. 
 Fig.; the g.r emotions, mitiores affeclus, 
 Quint. 5, I J, 2. Join: (homo) mitis- 
 simus atque lenissimus, Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 
 10. 5. placldus: v. calm, peaceful. 
 TV) become gr., mitescere, Liv.; mansues- 
 cere, Virg. ; moUescere, Lucr. (v. to 
 bOFTEN) : to make g., mitlgo, lenio, mol- 
 lio : V. to soften, as,-uage. III. Gra- 
 dual; as a gentle incline : 1. mollis, 
 e : a g. inclina,tion, m. fastigium, Caes. 
 B. C. 2, 10 ; to sink u-ith a g. slope to 
 tfie plain (of hills), se moUi demittere 
 clivo, Virg. B. 9, 8; Ov. 2. lenis, e: 
 a g. (gently rising) eminence, I. fasti- 
 gium, Caes. B. C. J, 24. 3. clemens, 
 lis ; Apul. (better clementer editus, as- 
 surgens ; v. gently, II.). 
 
 gentleman : I. a man of good 
 family: 1. (homo) generosus: v. 
 generous (I.). 2. (homo) liber, in-, 
 genuus (evei-y free citizen being in an- 
 cient states a gentleman) : I don't think 
 it the part of a g. at all, neutiquam 
 ofBcium liberi esse hominis puto, Ter. 
 Andr. 2, i, jo: a youru/ g , liber adoles- 
 cens, id. Euii. }, 2, 24: a free-bom g, 
 and educated as such, homo ingenuus et 
 liberaliter educatus. Cic. Fin. }, 17, 57. 
 3. (h6mo) nobilis (of the class of 
 nobiles) ; the culture proper to a [^high- 
 burn'] g., omiiis [liberalis et] digna ho- 
 mine n. doctrina, Cic. Acad. 2, init. 4. 
 (homo, vir) honestus (of honourable stO/- 
 tion) : a number of young gentlemen, 
 complures adolescentes honesti, Caes. 
 B.C. I, 51 : cf.Cic. Mur. j6, 75, honestus 
 homo et nobilis (but the adj. denotes 
 the enjoyment of some distinction). 
 Phr.: the accomplishments of gentle- 
 men, artes quibus liberales doctrinae at^ 
 que ingenuae contineiitur, Cic. de Or. j, 
 J2, 127. II. A well-bredman : (homo) 
 lib6ralis (the a^j. liberalis denoting what 
 is becoming a free citizen): to act the 
 part of a g., 1. viri officium fungi, Per. 
 Ad. J, 4, 18: a g. by education if not 
 by birth, *si minus honesto loco ortus, 
 attamen omni liberali doctrina atque 
 hnmanitate instructus: t. supr. (I.). 
 
 gentlemanly: 1. liberalis, e (6<- 
 fitting a free citizen): he has a g. figure, 
 est UJi 1. facies, PUn. Ep. i, 14, 8 : cf. 
 Ter. Andr. i, i, 95. 2. ingenuus (be- 
 fitting one free-bom) : cf. gentleman 
 (1., Phr.); and see liberal, ingenuous. 
 3, honestus : v. HONOURABLE ; and 
 
 cf. GENTLEMAN (1., 4). 
 
 gentleness : 1. lenitas : surpris- 
 ing g. (of a current), incredibilis 1., 
 Caes. B.G.I, 12. Fig.: to recall men't 
 minds to g. and pity, mentes ad L mi- 
 sericordiamque revocare, Cic. 2. de- 
 mentia (only of mental qualities): v 
 clemency. 3. mansuetiido (lit lame- 
 ness ; hence, gentle conduct where se-
 
 GENTLEWOMAN 
 
 GESTATION 
 
 G ET 
 
 eerity might have been expected) . to 
 show cUmency and g. towards any one, 
 cleinenlla ac m. in aliquem uti, Caes. 
 B. ti 2,14. !/.»/ dtaracier, m. morum, 
 Cic. Off. 2. 9. ?2. 
 
 gentlewoman : (femlna, mulier) li- 
 bSra, iuRgnua, li6nesui wilh tbe same 
 distinctions a-s iti ibe case of gentleman: 
 q. V. .S«c also i.AliV. 
 
 gently : I. >'o/".V, ivithout vio- 
 lence : i, lenitcr ; Vie torrent rushes 
 more g. down, torrens Icnius decurrit, 
 Ov. : to act too g., lenius agere, Caes. : v. 
 GENTLE (I., I). 2. clenieMtcr (n8U.= 
 with mildness, cleme7ict/ : see also irifr. 
 II.) . the South uinda breathe more g., 
 epirant clemeniiiis Ausiri, Stat, to treat 
 anyone g., aliquem c. tractare, Pllii. Kp. 
 
 8, 24, 5: Clc. : V. MILDLY, MERCIKITLLT. 
 
 3. maiisueie (for syn. v gkntle): 
 to do anything mildly, g., juMly, nuxle- 
 rately, aliquid clpmetuer, in., jusie. mo- 
 derate agere, Cic. Marc. }, 9: ungentle 
 things must lie g handled, va. imnian- 
 eueta trartanda sunt, Sen. 4. nnt6 
 (esp. in compar. or sup.): he addresses 
 the ambassadors as g. as possible, legates 
 qaam mitissime appellat, Caes. B. C. •;, 
 4}. (Positive only 'n Apul.) 5. "f "1- 
 llter {softly, easily : vithout Itarshness 
 or irritation): to take a thing ^..ali- 
 quid m. ferre, Cic. Sen. 2, 5 : cf. Llv. jo, 
 J, med., moUiter abnuere. 6. pl&- 
 cide V. CALMLV. II, Gradually: 
 1. leniter a hill rising g., collls 1. 
 acclivis [ab intiino], Caes. B. G. t. 19; 1. 
 editus, Liv. 2. clementer: a g. ris- 
 ing ridge, [moUe ef] cl. editum Jugum, 
 Tac. G. I Join: clementer et mol- 
 liter [assiirgens collls]. Col. 2, 2, init. 
 3. molliter: hills sloping doum as 
 g as jmssitile. qiiam moUissime devexi 
 coUes, Col. 1 , 2, med. : v. supr. (2). 4. 
 Eensim: v, gradually. 
 
 gentry: homines boni, bonesti: v. 
 KESi-EcrTABLK. Phr. : the landed g., 
 homines pecuniusi et locupletes, cf. Cic. 
 Kep. 2, 9 . or simply agrorum posses- 
 sores (which, however, does nut neces- 
 sarily imply ownership) : v. land- 
 owner. 
 
 genuine : 1. slncerus (xnthout 
 spurious admixtures, opp. to counter' 
 feit) : to distinguish the counterfeit and 
 pretended from the g. and real, fucata 
 atque simulata a sinceris aique veris in- 
 tcmosccre, Cic. Am. 25, 94 . g. (unadul- 
 terated) saffron, s. crocus, Plin. 21, 6, 
 • 1- 2. germanus (thorough-going, as 
 if bom or made so) ; a g. vmn of busi- 
 ness, g. negotiator, Cic. Att. 1,18, cxtr : 
 V. NATIVE. 3. gSnuinus (not so in 
 Cic.)- the most thoroughly g. of all the 
 comedies of Flautus, I'lautl comoedia 
 omnium maxime g., Gell. }, }, med. 
 4, merus (undiluted) : v. shekr. 
 5' autbenticus • Ulp. Kg. ; v. 
 
 AtTTHEXTIC. 6, VCrUS : V. TRUE, REAL. 
 
 genuinely : sincere, vere v. 
 
 BEALLT. 
 
 genuineness: expr. by adj.: the 
 test of g. (freedom from adulteration) 
 in saffron is. . ., probatio sinceri (croci) 
 si..., l'lln.2l,6, !■;: the g of this play 
 of Jiw-ipide^ is disputed, *paruin con- 
 stat inter critlcos, haeccine tabula genu- 
 ina Euripidis sit an non : v. genuine. 
 
 genus: g^nus, ens, n.: ag. is that 
 tchich iJKludes several species, as ani- 
 mals, g. est quod plures partes amplec- 
 titur, ut animal, Cic. Inv i, 22, }2. 
 
 geographer: geographus : Amm. 
 22 I 5 (or geuf;raphicus, ace. to anal, of 
 hisiorlcus). (Chorographls in Vitr. 8, 
 2, 6, ed. Schneid. should prob. be chora- 
 graphiis.) 
 
 geographical; geograpMcus (Cic. 
 writes yeoiypa(S>i<6';, Att, 2, 6): Anim. 
 May often be expr by situs, roelum : 
 the g. position and natural features (of 
 a city), siuis atque natura loci, Cic. 
 Verr 5, 10, 26- in extent and g. posi- 
 tion, spatio ac coelo, Xaa Agr. 10. v. 
 
 SITUATION, ri,IM\TE. 
 
 geography: 1. geSgraphla: Clc. 
 Att. 2, 4. 2 expr by situs, vis- to 
 treat briefly of the y. of Jfrica, Africae 
 situm paucis expouere Sail. Jug. i-j: 
 
 cf. the title of tbe works of Tac., " de 
 situ moribus et populis Germanise ;" 
 and ol Mi-la, "de situ orbis." 
 geological: 'geolOglcus- as scient. 
 
 t. t.: V. I, KOUJC Y. 
 
 geologically: *geol6glc6 
 geologist : •geOlOgns or geOlOglcus 
 
 cf. GKIKlUArilEB. 
 
 geology : *ge<516KTa (this and preced. 
 woni.s to be used only where scientific 
 accuracy requires). Or expr. by clr- 
 cuml., to tie fond of g., •crustae terrae 
 (cf. Ulp. Dig. J9, 2. 9. 52, soUcrusta) 
 investicandae sludere. 
 
 geomancer: gtomantiae peritus : V. 
 foil. art. Or as gen. term, conJector, cf. 
 Clc. Div. 2, ft;, U4- 
 
 geomancy : geomantia : Isid. Or. 8, 
 9. I J : or by circumL, •dlvinatio quae 
 ex terra fit : v. Isid. 1. c. 
 
 geometer : 1. geometres, ae, m. : 
 Clc. Acad. 2, 7, 22 Juv. (The forms 
 gcometra and geometer, tri, are of ques- 
 tionable authorltv.) 2. geomelricus 
 Quint. I. 10, 40. (The laiter term esp. 
 in pi., when speaking of geometricians 
 generally.) 
 
 geometrical: geomeWcus: Cic. 
 
 geometrically: *gi'ometrice (Cic 
 uses yeuiixerpiKuii, Att. 12, ;) : or better, 
 geometrlca ratione, geomeiricls ratloiii- 
 bus, cf. Cic. Acad. 2, ;6, 117. 
 
 geometrician: v, ow)mcter. 
 
 geometry : 1. g''ometria, Cic 
 Acad. 2, JJ, 106. 2. geometries, es 
 (sc. ars): Plin. 55. 10. 5^, $ 8 (where, 
 however, lanus reads geometria). P li r. • 
 to be acquainted with g., geomeirica di- 
 dicisse, Cic. Tusc. i, 24. 57. 
 
 georgic : i- ^- o. poem on husbandry: 
 Georgicum'camien, Col. 7, ; (where Me 
 poem of Virgil is so designated) ? or in 
 pi., (Jebrgica, on, n. : Virg. : Gell. (N.B. 
 Never -orum in gen. pi.). 
 
 germ : I. ^'''* embryo plant in a 
 seed : perh. gemma (v. bid) : or in sclent, 
 lang., germen, inis, n. (in class, authors, 
 that uhich sjrrings from the seed : cf. 
 Plin. 18, 10. 21). " II. Kig.: thefirst 
 principle of anything: 1. semen, 
 inis, n. (lit. seed) ; the g.s of all things, 
 s. rerum, Lucr. i, 60 : a« it were thefirst 
 principles and g.s of virtue, initia quae- 
 dani ac s. virnitum, Quint. 2, 20, 6. 
 2. Initium, primordium (rare in 
 this sense in sing.) : v. element. 
 
 german: I. "f ''■^ *«"•« ^"'"•' 
 
 1. CognatUS : V. KfNDRED. 2. 
 
 genniinus : chiefly used as subs., v. 
 BROTHER. SLSTER. ||. belonging to 
 German V : 1. Germanus (strictly 
 
 subs., and used of the people) : Caes. : 
 Tac. Rarely as adj. (poet.) : Ov. A. A. 
 ?, i6j : I'ers. 2. Germanlcus (only 
 as adj., relating to the country or peirple 
 of Gei-many) : a G. var, belluin G., 
 Caes. : the G. language, G. sermn, Suet 
 Cal. 47. Phr. to <a/A: <?., *Gerinanice 
 loqui; cf. Cic Tusc. i, 8, I5- 
 
 germander-speedwell : *veronica 
 
 chamaedrys : Linn. 
 
 germane : aff inis, e .- v. kikdred, 
 
 CONNECTED. 
 
 germinate : germino, i : it g.s the 
 very day it is snun. g. eadem die quo 
 iiijectum esi, Plin. i}, 24, 46. 
 
 germination : 1. germlnatio : 
 Col.: Plin. 2. gemiTnatus, us • Plin. 
 
 gerund : gCrundiuin : I'risc. 8, 9, 
 init. : cf. ib. ^46. I Mom. (In Charis. 2, 
 144. the gerunds are called supina; also 
 in Prise 1. c \^4;.) 
 
 gerundive : gf nmdivus (modus) : 
 Serv. (In I'ris 8, 9, i}4;. the gerundives 
 are incliided under g. nindia vel supina.) 
 
 gestation: Phr. time of g., par- 
 tus gerendl tempus, Plin. 7, 5. 4: "'« 
 period of g.for the hind is eight monVis, 
 cervi octonis mensibiis ferunt partus, 
 I'lln. 8, J2. 50 (the elephant) is coni- 
 monly suppo.'^ed to lie ten years in 
 g., decern annis gestjire in utcro volgus 
 existimat, Plin. 8, 10, 10 (but in both 
 the above ca-ses, the ace. of the time 
 would be more regular) : (Ae mare is 
 tnrh'e months in g., equa ventrem fert 
 duodecim menses. Varr. K. R. 2, I, 
 med. : we also find, ventrem perferre, 
 Z 
 
 Col. 6, 24, init. : in ventre esse (said of 
 the co^O. Varr. R. R. 2. 8. txlr. (Ges- 
 tatio intantium, which occurs in LacL 
 J. 22, extr., is (Ae carrying if children 
 in tlie arms.) 
 
 gesticulate: 1. Jacto. i (with 
 ace. ol pruu. ri-jl., or ol some part of the 
 borfj/) ; to g. in one's onn peculiar way, 
 se >uc> mure J., Cic. Br. 60, 211 to g. 
 with the head, and shake the hair liKiie, 
 caput j. et comas excutere. Quint. 11. j, 
 71 : cf. jactare cervlculam, Clc. Verr. j, 
 19, 49. See also subs. 2. gffetuni 
 ago, fgi, actum, j (v. full. arL)- to g. 
 uith Bosciiis for a spectator, g. agere 
 spectante Roscio, Cic. de Or. 2, 57. 2n. 
 (Gesticulor usu. of dancing: cl. SueL 
 Ner. 40.) 
 
 gesticulation : 1. jactatio (with 
 
 dep«-iid. gen. . throwing the body about): 
 fi antic g.s, fanatical- corporis j., 1-iv. 
 59, I J, med.: moderate g. ("action"), 
 niodica corporis J , Clc. <Jr. 25. extr. 
 2. gestus. us (esp. of AiXiiotiu- or 
 rhetorical g.) .- g.s <f actorf. hisinonum 
 gestus, Cic Off. 1, ?6, ijo: cf. Auct. 
 Her. J, 15. 26. 3. niotus, us (o(t«-n 
 of pantomimic gs ; also 1 hetoiical) : 
 they went through not ungraceful gj, 
 baud indecoros m. dabant. Liv. 7, 2: 
 wild g.s, m. incomposlti, \'irg. G. i, 550: 
 rapid and diffictdt g. (of a speaker), celer 
 m. et difficliis, Cic. Br. jo, extr. 4. 
 gesticiilalio (e. g. digitorum): Suet Tib. 
 68. See also GOTURE. 
 
 gesticulatory : *quod per (corporis) 
 gestus fit ; v. preced. art. 
 
 gesture : 1. gestus, (is (the car- 
 riage ijf the bodij generally : also any 
 particular g.) : to assume new gj and 
 looks, g. vultumque capere riovam, Ter. 
 Pb. 5,6, 50: to iiuiicate by a g., gestu 
 significare, Ov. Tr. 5, 10, }6 : (o 6e guilty 
 of a fault in g., in gestu peccare, Clc. 
 de Or. I, 21, Jin.: cump. Quint 11, }, 
 66, sqq. 2. mOlus, us (any move 
 ment) : such were tlieir features, g., pos- 
 ture, eo erant vultu, g., statu, Cic. Tusc 
 J, 22, ;j. See also gesticulation. 
 
 get: A. Trans.: \. To ac- 
 quire : 1. nanclscor, nactus or nanc- 
 tus, 3 (to fall in uith, obtain by chance) : 
 where did you g. that ring' unde annu- 
 lum istum nactus es ? Ter. Hec. 5, }, 
 27 . when I g. more leisure, quum plu 
 otii nactus ero, Cic. Kam. (, 7. tri«(. ; v. 
 TO FIND (.•)). 2. adiplscor, adeptus, 
 }: v. TO OBTAIN. 3. invjiilo, v5ni, 
 ventnm, 4 (to " come by ") .- Ae was the 
 first to g. the name, primus cognomen 
 "invenit, Cic. Kin. I. 7.2?: to g. money 
 honestly, pecuniam buiio modo i., Plin. 
 7, 42, 45. 4. rfpSrio, p<?ri, rtum, 4 
 (cump. TO FIND, 2)- to g. wealth and 
 glory b'/ arms, rem et belli gloriam 
 arniis r., Ter. Heaut. 1, i. 60 it got its 
 name from its discoverer, nomen ex 
 inventore reperlt, Cic l>iv. 1. 10, iniL 
 5. capiii, percipiu, ? (esp. of obtain- 
 ing profits or returns fi om anything) : 
 he gets 600 sesterlia f>om his farms. 
 cipit ille ex suis praediis sexcenta ses- 
 tertia, Cic. Par. 6, i, 49 to g. a large 
 income from oyster prrsenrs. magna 
 vectigalia ex ostrearuni vivariis p., 
 
 Plin. 9, ,4, 79: v. TO RECEIVE. 6. 
 
 impetru, i (In/ entreaty): to g. what 
 you ask with good-uill. quod postules 
 cum gratia 1, Per. Aiidr. 2. «, 11 : v. 
 infr. (11. Phr). Phr.. to g money, 
 rem facere, Hor Kp. i, i. 6? : uhai you 
 uHl g. (bi/ the transuction). q"'>d ad tc 
 rediblt, Ter A'i. 2, 2. 28. hegaertry 
 rote, umiie tulit punctuni. Hor. A. P. 
 J4? : Clc . to g. help fr<>m any one, aU- 
 cunde opem auferre, Cic Quint 9. ?2 : 
 tog. an answer f torn anyone, ab aliquo 
 responsuni aulerre. Cic. de t>r. I, 56, 
 2 J9 i( Atie shotUd I g. my bread from f 
 unde mibi cibos peterem ? PI. (v. TU 
 seek) to g. a beating, vapulare (v. Tv> 
 BEAT, A., 1.. 6) tog tt.fo'-matii'fi.CKft- 
 noscere, reperire (v. TO a.«ckbtain) (o 
 g. a woman uith diUd. (niullcrem) 
 praecnanteni facere, Juv. 6. 405. ||. 
 To see to it that something b dune; to 
 induce: Phr.: tog. anything made or 
 done, aliquid faciendum curare, Cic.
 
 GET ABROAD 
 
 GET UP 
 
 GIDDINESS 
 
 Di". 1 24.48 Gaes. B. G. i, t? (v. to 
 .iMKio) to g. a person to do something, 
 .ji^, crare. full, by depend, clause Aith 
 
 iit (v TO PRKVAIL 1,'PON). B. ' "" 
 
 trans. i. To become : f 10. (actus, 
 
 f igri : V. TO BKCOMF. P h T. ' to g. rich 
 fast, celeriter Icicupletari, Col. 6, pref. 
 wied. ; it is getting light, lucisrit, PI. 
 Am. I, J, 4- : Cic. : it is getting dark, 
 vesper'i»/-it. I'er. Heaut. 2. !. 7 i,tene- 
 bresclt it. witliout pmd auth^irity): may 
 eometim^s be e.\pr. by an incept, verb: 
 to g. hot, cold, etc., oilescere. frigescere 
 (where see the several adjj.). \\. To 
 arrive at. pervenio, 4: v. to arrive. 
 P h r. to g. to the end of ime's story, 
 quod quis coeperit enarrare, Ter. Heaut. 
 1, }, ?2 V TO i-iNisH. See also foil. ant. 
 get abroad ; of a report • 1. exeo, 
 4, irr. : to g. abroad and become gene- 
 rally knoum, ex. atque in vulgus ema- 
 nare, Cic R. Am. i,l: the impression 
 got abroad, opinio exiit (with ate. and 
 in/.), Suet. Ner. 45. Join: prodire et 
 Tin vulgus] exire, Gell. 12, 12, »wd. 
 
 2. emano (v. supr.), niano, i : v. 
 TO SPREAD (into). 3. peicrebresco 
 (-besco), crebrui (-bui), j (to become 
 generally current) : the matter got a., 
 res percrebruit, [in ore atque sermone 
 omnium coepit esse], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 2J. 
 56 ; simly, with fama, opinio, as sub- 
 ject, Cic. : Caes. Tlie simple verb cre- 
 bresco, occurs in same sense and constr., 
 hut less freq. : Tae. 4. palam fio . 
 /or fear the matter should get a., ne 
 (res) fieret p., Ter. Ad. 4, 4. '5- 6. 
 Snotesco, ui, j : some verses of yours 
 have got a., enotuerunt quidam versus 
 tui, Plin. Ep. 2, 10, }. 
 
 — across: I. Trans.: trajicio, 
 transporto : v. to transport. ||. 
 1 n t r a n s. : transgredior, i : v. to 
 CROSS. 
 
 — ahead of. or before : or, get the 
 start of: 1. praevenio, veiii, nttmi, 
 4 : to g. the start of anyone by a shorter 
 route, (aliquem) breviore via pr., Liv. 
 22, 24, med. : Ov. 2. antevenio, 4 : 
 to g. ahead of any one by long marches, 
 aliquem magnis itineribus a., Sail. Jug. 
 56, init. 3. praecurro, j : v. to out- 
 run. Ph r. : (^Caesar) vhen he had got 
 aJiead on the roa/i to Lli/rrachium, prae- 
 occupato ilinere ad D., Caes. B. C. J, li : 
 V. TO a.nticipate. 
 
 along : procedo, } -, V. TO PRO- 
 CEED. P h r. : g. along ' abi ! hinc te 
 amolire ! PI. 
 
 — among (w- i"'''-) •• 1. immis- 
 ceo, ui, xtum and stum, 2 (with pron. 
 rejl.): he got a. a handsome bevy of 
 peacocks, immiscuit se pavonum for- 
 moso gregi, Phaedr. i, j, 7. 2. '"■ 
 sinuo, I (same constr. : to work one's 
 way in) : to g. in among the squadrons 
 of horse (of the nar-charivts), se inter 
 equitum turmas i., Caes. B. G. 4, 5J. 
 
 3. incido, } . v. TO fall in with. 
 
 at : tango, attingo, }: v. to 
 
 BEACH. 
 
 — away : aufflgio, efRigio, i : V. to 
 
 KSCAPK. 
 
 back: I. Trans.; rgcipio, 
 
 rSciipSro : v. to rkcoveb. ||. J n- 
 
 trans. : rgdeo, revertor : v. to re- 
 
 TCBN. 
 
 — (the) better ot : supero, i : v. 
 toovekcome. 
 
 — bevond : excedo, ssi, ssum, j : 
 to g. hei/ond ihe rank of praetor, prae- 
 turae gradum e.\ced re, .Sail 
 
 clear of : 1. emergo, si, sum, 
 
 J (both "itli pron. reflect., and as tn- 
 trans.) : to g. clear of troubles, sese ex 
 malis e., Ter. Andr. j, j, jo v. to 
 EMERGE. 2. expgdio, 4 (with pron. 
 reflect.) : v. to extuicate. 
 
 down : |, T r a n s. : tofi-tch 
 
 down: (iepromo, J I'l. True. j. i, 2. 
 
 II. 1 n t r a n s. : descendo, degrfidior : 
 V. to descend. 
 
 — dru.ik: Phr. : (vino) madere: 
 V. DRUNK (plir.U 
 
 — hold of: 1. prghendo, apprS- 
 hendii. J. V. TO take hold of. 2. 
 
 OCCiipi) I : V. TO SEIZE. 
 
 get in: I. I'rans. : as to get in 
 ii8 
 
 crops, moneys: percipio, }• v. to ga- 
 ther ra. Phr. <o g. in the moneys 
 due from the colonists, pecunias exigere 
 quae a colonis debentur, Cic. Fam. IJ. 
 II: to g. in one's delits, nomina sua exi- 
 gere. Cic. Vt-rr. 2. 2. 10, 28 to g. in all 
 one's money, oinnera religeie pecuniam. 
 Hur. Kpiid. I extr.: to g. in a good 
 
 : stock of prooisions, rem tniinentariam 
 
 I provid'-re, Caes. (v. to provide). ||. 
 1 n trans. : 1, in^inuo, i (with prom. 
 reJl. : to irork one's "ay in) : you must 
 g. out nheie you got in, qua te insinua- 
 veris, retro via repetenila, Liv. 9, 2, 
 med.: Caes.: v. to get among. 2. 
 perveniu, 4 (to make une'^i way to a 
 point) : to g. into the senate, i. e. become 
 
 1 a serator, in senatum p., Cic. Fl. 1 8. 42. 
 
 i For lit. sense, v. to akkive. Phr.- to 
 g. into a boat, conscendere in phaselum 
 (naviculam); (v. to embark): to g. 
 into port, portum capere, Caes. (v. to 
 reach) : to g. into fai our with any one, 
 gratiara inire cum aliquo, Ter. (v. fa- 
 vour). 
 
 — oif: I. Trans.: as to get a 
 ship off a rock : perh. expedio, 4 .- v. to 
 extricate. Virg. (Aeii. 1, 145) has de- 
 trudo of the action of pushing ships q^: 
 V. TO thrust off. II. 1 n t r a n s. : 
 to escape, be acquitted (q. v.) : Phr.: 
 'i faith, I am getting off capitally, 
 better titan I expected, immo vero pul- 
 chre discedo et praeter speni, Ter. Ph. 
 5, 8, ;8 ; do you think you will g. off 
 uitpunislied f credin' te Impune habi- 
 turum .' id. Eun. 5, 2, I } ; you will g. 
 off' scot-free, tu missus abibis, Hor. S. 
 
 I 2, I, 86. 
 
 I — on : Phr.: to be g.ing on well, 
 
 ' bene (se) habere, bene rem gerere : v. 
 
 to DO ( 1 v.). 
 
 — out : 1. exeo, excedo : v. to 
 j GO OUT, QUIT. 2. emergo. si, sum, } 
 
 {from a difficult or dangerous posi- 
 tion) : he had great difficulty in g.ing 
 out into the open ground, aegre in aper- 
 tos campos emersit, Liv. 21, 25, med.: 
 V. TO get clear of, emerge. Phr. : 
 to g out of a chariot, descendere e 
 curru. Suet. (v. to dismount) : to g. out 
 of bed, decedere (al. descendere) lecto, 
 Tib. I, 2, 19 ; hastily, lecto desilire, Hor. 
 S. I, 2, 129 (in gen. sense, de cubiculo 
 exire, to^. out of the bed-chamber, will 
 be precise enough, Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 
 fin.): to g. out of a bath, evadere ex 
 "hilneo, Cic. Cael. 27. 65 : to g. out of the 
 nay of any one (as mark ot respect or 
 avoidance), alicui [via, or de via] de- 
 cedere, Caes. B. G. 6, u : Suet. Ner. 4: 
 used pass., Cic. Sen. 18, 6} to g. otit of 
 its course (of a ship), cursu discedere, 
 Caes. (v. TO depart). Fig.: to g. out 
 of temper, Irasci, Cic: v. angry. 
 
 — quit of: 1. detungor, nctus, 
 } (with ref. to what is laborious or dis- 
 agreeable) : to have got quit of danger, 
 pericuiis defunctum esse, Cic. R. Am. 8, 
 21 Liv 2. expedio, 4 (with pron. 
 reJl.) : v. TO extricate. 
 
 — ready : paro, i : v. to prepare. 
 
 — rid of: 1. toUo, sustuii, sub- 
 
 latura, ? (esp. by violent means) : he 
 might very easily be got rid of, perlacile 
 de medio toUi posse, Cic. R. Am. 8, 20 : 
 Her. 2. amoveo, movi, tum, 2 (re- 
 move out of the way): tc 9. rid of a 
 V itness, testem a se a., Tei . Hec. 4, 4, 
 72. 3. amolior, 4 {implying diffi- 
 I culty) : until he couUl g. rid of h is n ife, 
 donee uxorem amoliretur, Tac. H. i, ij. 
 See also lo get QUIT of. 
 
 through; I. To make one's 
 
 way through : pervenio, 4 (to some 
 point) : V. to arrive. ||. To com- 
 plete: pgriigo, conticio- v. to finish. 
 
 to : pervgnio, 4 ■ v. to arrive. 
 
 together: I. Trans, to 
 
 trrinp together: 1. conflo, 1 (esp./w 
 enl purposes) : to get t. an army, exei- 
 
 I citum c. Cic. Ph. 4, 6, i; : to get t. wit- 
 nesses by bribery, testes pecunia c, 
 Quint. 5, 7. 2? 2. cogo, ? : v. to 
 
 collect, AS.SEMBLE. ||. 1 D t r a D S. : 
 
 to meet together : congrego, i (with pron. 
 
 refl.) : v. TO GATHER TOGETHER. 
 
 get up : ''urgo. pgredior : v. TO rise. 
 
 ascend. PbT.: he g.s up at seven o'clock, 
 hora secunda calceos poscit, Plin. Ep 
 
 i, I. 4- 
 
 — upon: V. TO MOUNT. Phr.: to 
 g. upon one's feet (after falling), sese 
 erigere, Cic. Fin. ;, i;, 42. 
 
 gewgaw: perh. bulla, cf. Juv. ij, ;): 
 or niigae, arum (ace. to Non. 2, 587, the 
 term nugae was applied to feminine 
 trinkets, whence the subs, nugivendus, 
 PI. Aul. J, 5, ;i ; Forcell. s. v.). 
 
 geyser : *fons calidae atque alte ex- 
 silifutis aquae. 
 
 phastliness : I. Deathlike pallor: 
 pallor luridus (v. foil, art.), p. luteus, 
 Hor. Epud. 10, 16. II. Revolting as- 
 pect : toeditas: all turned auay their 
 eyes from the g. of such a spectacle 
 (Mettus being t(jrn by horses), avertere 
 omnes a tanta f spectacnli oculos, Liv. 
 I, 28, fin. : g. of scars, i. cicatricum, 
 Plin : v HORROR (Or expr. by adj. : 
 such was the g. if the sight, adeo foedum 
 erat spectaculum, ut v foil, art) 
 
 ghastly: I. Deadly pale: \. 
 
 liiridus g. paleness, 1. pallnr, Ov. Met. 
 4, 267 : Cic. . so of that n liich makes g. : 
 g. henbane, I. aconita. Ov. Met. i, 147: 
 g death, 1. mors, Sil. 2. exsanguis, 
 e (bloodless) : g. shades (ghosts), ex. 
 animae, Virg Aen. 6, 401 : Sail. 3. 
 cadaverosus (corpselike : v. rare) : a g. 
 face, c. facies, I'er. Hec. j, 4, 27. 4. 
 (lallidus, vepallidus (intens ; : v. pale. 
 II, In general, horrid, shocking, 
 foedus : o g. scar, f. cicatrix, Hor. S. 
 
 1,5,60: Liv.: V. FRIGHTFUL 
 
 ghost: I. The shade of one dead: 
 1, umbra (poet ) : Lucr. : Virg. : 
 Hor.; V. SHADE. 2. manes, ium, ni. ; 
 the g. of a vife, m. conjugis, Virg. Aen. 
 6,119 '^i^- '■ 5^' extr. Phr.: he says 
 that (the g. of) the dead man came to 
 him in his sleep, ait venisse ilium in 
 somnis ad se mortuura, PI. ||. A phan- 
 tom of any kind : ], phantasma, 
 atis, iu : to believe in g.s, putare esse 
 aliquid phantasmata, Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 
 init. : v. PHANTOM. 2. larva (demon) : 
 a house haunted by g.s, larvarum plena 
 domus, PI. Am. 2, 2, 155 : Plin pref. } Ji. 
 3, idolon or idolum (an image or 
 figure) : Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 5 4. (as 
 
 gen. terms for any praeternatural ap- 
 pearance) monstrum, mostellum : v. 
 PRODIGY. III. Breath, .ipirit: esp. Id 
 phr. to give up theg., exspirare, animam 
 edere, etc. : v. to kxpire. |V. The 
 Holy Ghost, Sanctus Spiritus, Vulg. 
 
 ghostly: *spiiitalis: V. SPIRITUAL 
 
 ghoul : *larva quae mortuorum ho- 
 minum carnibus vescitur. 
 
 giant (subs.) : vir major quam pro 
 humano habit u, Liv. 8. 6; *vir prae- 
 grandi eorpore ; vir statura excel.-issima. 
 (N.B.— .Not gigas, except to denote the 
 Giants of mytliulof'y.) 
 
 giant (fl*0) ■■ praegrandis: V.GIGANTIC. 
 
 giantess : femina major quam pro 
 humano hahitu : v. giant. 
 
 gibber : perh. *sirideo, 2 ; also strido, 
 i. 5 (to emit a harsh, squeaking sound): 
 cf. Lucan 6, 622 ; Mela i, 8, med. See 
 also TO chatter, babble. 
 
 gibberish : *inanis oris strepitus : 
 
 V. NOISE, NONSENSE. 
 
 gibbet (subs.): furca or patibulum 
 (a kind offoiked g., used in tlie punish- 
 ment of slaves and others) : v. gallows, 
 
 gibbet ("■)•■ chiefly used fig., perh. 
 noto, I : cf. Hor. S. i, j, 24: Cic. v ■«! 
 
 BRAND. 
 
 gibbeted : patibillatus (i. e.fdsteved 
 to the patibulum) : Pi. 
 
 gibbous : gibbus : (the .ikull is) con- 
 cave in the inside, p. (or conrez) on tlie 
 outside, i'X interiore parte 0'ncava,ex- 
 trins cus g., Cels. 8, init. : v. convex. 
 (Gibbosus is without authority.) 
 
 gibe (subs, and i>.) : v. jest. 
 
 giblets : gigeria, orum : Petr. 66 (▼. 
 Burni. a. 1.). 
 
 giddily : i- e- thoughtlessly : perh. 
 inconsulte, temerg: v. Sen. Ben. i, init. 
 
 V. THOUGHTLESSLY, 
 
 giddiness: ), Lit.: l. ver- 
 tigo, inis, /. ; g. of eye and brain (at 
 looking doun a precijiice). v. oculufum
 
 GIDDY 
 
 G I K D K R 
 
 GIVE 
 
 auimique, Liv. 44, 6, iwd.: to he troubled 
 tatth g., vertigiiie lab^rare, I'liri. Freq. 
 pi., to reiiwi'e g , vertigines disculere, 
 toUere, J'lin. 2c, i^, •]! 1} 194, etc. 2. 
 caligo, liiis, / (strictly. Ihe darkness re- 
 cuUiny Jrom g): when tlu: height had 
 thought on g., (luuin alliiuilo c. oculis 
 otfudisset, Liv. 26, 4?. In pi., to re- 
 lieie or cure g., Giligines levare, sanare, 
 disculere, I'lin. ; Cels. ||, Fig.: 
 
 Thougktlessvess : peril. tiSmeritas (il'. 
 Cic. Sen. 6, 20), levitas (general UkIc hi 
 sted/astness of character), inconsulliia 
 animus v. THuLunTi.i-.ss.Ntiis. 
 
 giddy ; I. K i 1. . vertiginOsus 
 {suffering from dizziness as an ail- 
 ment) ; Plin. 2?, 2, 28. I'hr. : (any 
 one) turns g., oculis caligo oflunditur, 
 Liv. ; vertigine (aliquis) aflicltur ". pre- 
 ced. art. ||. Fig.: light-mimkd . Ifivis, 
 Inconsultus >'eiilosus: v. thoughtless, 
 FiCKLK. Marl, has, vagae moderator 
 juvenlae, instructor of giddy nouth, 2,90. 
 
 gift (subs.) : I. ■■<oiiiething given ; 
 a present : 1. donuni (must gen. 
 term) : the law Cfmcernmg g.s a.id pre- 
 sentt, lex de d et muneribus, Cic. : wed- 
 ding g.s, d. uuptialia, Cic. : t?ie g.s of 
 fortune, Cic. : to give anything as a g. 
 (cf. L. G. ^ 297), aliquid alicui dono 
 dare, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 6 : Cic ; to bestow 
 some g. on the comirumvxalth, aliquod 
 d. reipublicac alferre, Cic. I'h. I, 15, ;2. 
 2. munus. (iris. n. (a mure poetic 
 word, Ibougb found also in prose ; ace. 
 to Habicbl, etc., munus is a gilt which 
 one is in some toay bound to <five, while 
 donum is a free gift : but the distinc- 
 tion is not observed) . tlie g.s of haahus, 
 munera Bacchi, Hor. : the g.s of the 
 earth, munera terrae, Hor. Kp. i, 6, 5 : 
 
 Cic. : v. PRESENT, BOUNTY. 3. b4ne- 
 
 f iciimi ; V. BENEFIT, KINDNESS. 4, 
 
 Slips, stipis, /. (fif a small coin) : v. 
 ALMS, GRATUiTv. Gifts or largesses 
 made by the emperors and others to the 
 .■<oldiery or people, were called donaria, 
 congiaria: v. ikjnative. ||. An en- 
 dou.'ment or faculty of mind or body : 
 1. dos, dotis,/. (chiefly poet.): tlie 
 g. of beauty, d. formae, Ov. M. 9. "717 : 
 g.s of nature and fortune, naturae lor- 
 tunaeque dotes, I'fin. Ep. j, j, 4 : it is 
 lay g. to celebrate in song . .., esl car- 
 minibus celebrare d. mea, Ov. Am. i, 
 
 10,60. 2- facultas : V FACTJLTV. 3. 
 
 ingenium (strictly the wliole of a man's 
 natural endowments) they were not 
 altogether deficient in g.s, but only in 
 that of tlie orator, its non omnino i., sed 
 oratorium 1. defuit, Cic. Br. 29, no: as 
 great a g.for invention, tantum ad fin- 
 gendum ingenii, Cic. Font. 14, jo. 4, 
 Inddles, is, /. (similar to preced.) ; v. 
 
 GENIUS, DISPOSITION. 
 
 gift iy.) : dono, 1 : v. to endow. 
 gifted: I. As part.-, praeditus 
 (with abl.): v. endowed. ||. pos- 
 sessing high natural eiidonnients : in- 
 geniosus: a g. and learned man, vir i. 
 el eruditus, Cic. Alt. 14, 20, med. : the 
 more clever and highly g. any one is, 
 quo quisque est sollerlior et ingenioslor, 
 Cic. K. Cora. II, }I : g. in every kind of 
 knavery, furlum ingeniosus ad omne, 
 Ov. M. ii.jlj. I'hr : to be very highly 
 g. by nature, ingenio abundare, florere; 
 ingenio divino esse, Cic. ; ingenio valere, 
 tjuint. : V. GENIUS, GIFT (11.). See also 
 clkver. 
 
 gig : perh. ctsium : v. Diet. Ant. s. v. 
 The driver of such, cisiarius, Ulp. Dig. 
 
 gigantic; 1. pvaegramiis, c lex- 
 ceeding ilu; usual size in any way): g. 
 trees, p. (arbores), Plin. i }, 25, 49: 
 Suet.: v. large. 2. ingens. nlis: v. 
 HUGE. 3. pxpr. by circuml., major 
 quam pro liumano habitu • v. giant. 
 
 giggle ("■) •■ pi' h. summissim cachin- 
 nare, coiup. Gell. n, 8. 
 
 gild : 1. inauro, i • to g. brazen 
 tiles, legulas aenea,s i., Plin. : a g.'d sta- 
 tue, statua inaurata, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, 
 50. 2, e.xpr. by auniui and a verb- 
 to g. a ro(f, tecto aurum illinere, Sen. 
 Ep. 119. 1 1 : Plin. . to g. wooil, aurum 
 ligno iiiducero (obducen), Plin. j,, 6, 
 
 I-J; V, TO OVERLAY. 
 
 gilded : 1. Inauratus a g. o- 
 /untH, columna i., Cic. . v. to giuj. 2. 
 auratus {uTrought or adimied with gold, : 
 chiefly poet.) . g. tempUs, a. templa, 
 Lucr. : Virg. 3. aureus (strlcily, of 
 gold ; but used, esp. by the poets. In 
 wider sense) : tlie g. Capitol, a. Capito- 
 lia, Virg. Aen. 8, J4'; a g. chair, a. 
 sella, Cic. Phil. 2, J4, 85. 4. bracte- 
 atus (covered with a thin foil of gold, 
 
 etc.) : V. PLATED. 
 
 gilder : inaurator . Inscr. in Forcell. 
 
 gilding (subs.): I. The art: au- 
 raiura: Inscr. in Forcell. (In (.^uint. 8, 
 6, 28, we should prob. read auraia). Or 
 expr. by verb ■ he discovered the art of 
 g., *aurum ligno, aeri, etc. inducere, 
 illinere reperil. ||. The gilded work 
 itsi-lf : aurum ilUtum, tnductum: v. to 
 
 GILD. 
 
 gill ; 1. e. a quarter of a pint : quar- 
 tarlus (v. Diet. Ant. p. 12 ji): Cato : 
 Plin. 
 
 gills : offish, branchiae, arum : Plin. 
 9, 7, 6. 
 
 gilt : ^'^ GILDED. 
 
 gilt-edged : *auro ilUto praetextus(?) 
 
 gilt-head: a>s/i, aurata: Plin. 
 
 gimlet; 1. i6rebra; mentioned 
 among carpenter's tools. Plin. 7, 56, 57 : 
 the Gallic g., t. (iallica, was an im- 
 proved kind, and bored a smooth hole. 
 Col. 4, 29, ad fin. 2. (?) perloracu- 
 lum: Arnob. 6, 14 (but the reading is 
 doubtful). 
 
 gin (sutis.): I. A snare: pfidlca, 
 plaga : v. SNARE, TRAP. ||, The spi- 
 rituous liquor so called: *spirilus juni- 
 pero infectus . or perh. simply J uniperus, 
 from which, thiougli ihe Fr. genievre, 
 the word gin is derived. |||. A ma- 
 chine for cleaning cutton : *in>trumen- 
 tuni quo purganlur Una xylina. 
 
 gin (''•) : '• e. to clean cotton : purgo, 
 I (V. TO CLEAN)- or perh. carpo, j, 
 which was used of the corresponding 
 manual labour in wool. 
 
 ginger: zin-nhfiri, n. indecl. : Pirn.: 
 also zinziber, 6ris, n. : Cels. : I'all. 
 
 gingerbread: crusiuia, orum: gen. 
 term for sweet cakes. Hor. .S. I, I, 25. 
 
 gingerly ; sensini, pcd6lenlim ■ v. 
 
 CAUTIOUSLY. 
 
 gingle : ^'- jingle. 
 
 gipsy : Oingarus, Zingarus, /. -a : 
 after iheir Italian name Zingari. The 
 Gipsies, *Aegyptii qui leruntur. 
 
 giraffe: (■') camelopardalis, is,/.: 
 Plin. 8, 18, 27 ; M. L. (Also •giraffa, 
 Brisson.) 
 
 gird : 1. cing"i n^^'. ncliim, j : 
 often as refl. {.ass.: he y.s himself with 
 a .-ipanish sword, Hisiiano cingitur gla- 
 dio, Liv. 7, 10, ad med. (in Virg. with 
 a/:c.) inutile cingitur ferruni, Aen. 2, 
 511. Fig.: the heavens veri' girt nith 
 clouds, cinxenml aethera nimbi, Virg. : 
 V. to surround. 2. inciiigo, j ;same 
 constr. as simple verb, poet.) to g. 
 oneself with, a girdle, incingi zonii, Ov. 
 Her. 9, 66 : to g. oneself icith serpents, 
 se serpentibus incnigere, Cat. 64, 258. 
 3. accingo, j (same coiislr. : chiefly 
 poet., except in lig. sense) : to g. im a 
 sword, ensem ac. laleri, Virg. Aen. 11, 
 489 : he g.s on his trusty sword, fido 
 accingitur ense, Virg. Aen. 7, 640. 
 F 1 g. = to set vigorously to work, to 
 prepare : all g. themselves to tlie task, 
 ac. (sese) omnes operi, Virg. Aen 2, 
 2j; . Liv. (who has the refi. pass., 2, 12, 
 7ncd., in hoc discrimen accingere, pre- 
 pare thyself): Tac. 4. praeclngo, } 
 (slrictly, to g in front, as a napkin: 
 cf. Vulg. Job. xiii.4): tog. mieself with 
 a sivord, ense praecnigi. Ov. I'r. 2, 271 : 
 waiters properly g.'d, recte praeclnctl 
 pueri, Hor. 
 
 UP : I. I' I t. : succingo, J : 
 
 to g.up the tutiic as high as the middle 
 of the leg, crure tonus medio tunicas 8., 
 juv.: w'ithtlw.dre.'-s girt up like Diana, 
 vestem ritu succincta hianae, Ov. ||, 
 Fig. : to g. up oneself for action, etc. : 
 accingo, j (usu. in pass, refl.): v. to 
 GIKD (:f). 
 
 girder : !• «■ « l><am, holding together 
 parts of a building- perh. Jilgumeu- 
 
 lum, at. Jugamentum (Cato, K. K. 14) 
 fur though the passage does not U\ 
 the precise meaning of the lerm, yet 
 the verb Jugumentare (Juga-) occurs In 
 Viir. in the sense of to fatten together 
 with girders : allernls trablbusangulos J. 
 2, 1.4- 
 
 girdle: 1. ciugulum (originally, 
 a woman's g., the man s being cMictus. 
 lis: "ciuctuset cingulum a cingendo, 
 alterum viris, alt<;rum niullerlbus ailn- 
 butum," Varr. L. L. 5, 2? ^ 114) chiefly 
 poei., and often pi.: Jasttniiiy a goldeu 
 g. 'nexith her tMsom, c. aurea subiiecten- 
 mammae, Virg. Aen. i, 492. the won- 
 der-teeming g. (c^stus), lecunda inonslris 
 c, Val. Fl. Fig. : to be stripped of one't 
 g. (dismissed military service), ciiigulo 
 exui. Cod. Just. 7, j8, i. (N.B.— Ihe 
 j^ur. appears to be chiefly used of tli>- 
 feminine girdle ; the sing, of the mill- 
 lary girdle or belt.) 2. zwna (a no- 
 man's g., esp. that worn before mar- 
 riage) : to unfasten the g., solvere 1... 
 Cat. 2, extr. : Ov. (cf. Smith's Ant. 8. v 1 
 of the g. (or belt) of (Jrion, Ov. F. 6, 787 
 IHmin., zoniila, in similar sig.. Cat. bi, 
 5}. A maker of such gs, zonarlus, Cic. 
 Fl. 7, 17. 3. cinctus, lis (worn by mtv. 
 for the sake of decency ; drawers : q. v. 
 V. supr. \)- Varr.; Suet. Z>imi7i.,(inc- 
 ticiilus, PI. 4. balteus ; v. belt 
 
 (The slrophium was not a girdle, bui a 
 kind of stomacher : Cat. 64, 65.) 
 
 girl: 1. puella (used a'so, esp. 
 poet., of fuU-grown women): to gir* 
 birth to a g., p. parere, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1. 
 14: a little 3., p. infans, Hor. Kp. 2, i. 
 99 : wardship in the case of a g., luteU 
 [legilima] in qua dicitur esse puella, 
 Cic. Alt. I, 5, 6 / never saw a more 
 lovely, charming g., qua p. nihil unquam 
 festivius, amabilius vidi, Plin. Fp. 5, 16, 
 I. IHmin., puellilla, a young g., Ter. • 
 Cat. (N B —The original word for girl 
 was puera, which occurs in fragments of 
 Livius and Varro- cf. also Suet Cal. 8.) 
 2. Virgo, Inis, /. (an unmarried 
 g.): cf. Plin. Ep. i, 18, 6: Hor.: Ov.: v. 
 MAIDEN. 3. femella (v. rare): CaU 
 55, 7. Belonging to a g., puellaris: v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 girlhood : 1. puellaris aetas, puel- 
 lares aiiiii : v. girlish. 2. e-^!'- b.v 
 puella, while yet in tier g., she not be- 
 trothed, *adhuc puella desponsa esl 
 during Iter g., ipsa puella ; L. li. J 
 589, I. 
 
 girlish : 1. puellaris, e : the prize 
 allures their g. to*-<«s, praeda p. animos 
 prolectat, Ov. F. 4. 4H: g. amiability 
 blended with virgin modesty, suaviias 
 p. cum virginali verecundia, Plin. Ep. 
 5, 16, 2. g. years, p. aeias, yuliit. ; p. 
 anni, Tac. 2. virgineus virginilis . 
 
 v. MAIDENLY. 
 
 girlishly; puellailter: to Oe y. ig- 
 norant, p. uescire, I'lin. Kp. 8, 10, 1. Or 
 expr. by phr., puellarum more, ritu; v. 
 
 MANNER. 
 
 girth; I. "/ « horse: cingiSla 
 the new g. gulls th' steed, nova c laedil 
 equum, Ov.'K. A. 2}6. ||. cf a bed: 
 1. fascia [lecti cubicularis], Cic. 
 Div. 2, 6, init. 2. insiTta (also used 
 of bandages of various kinds) ■ Petr. 20. 
 Ill, J/ea«Mre roumi; ambitus, us: v 
 CIRCUIT, circumference. 
 
 gist : i- P- "«^' "«"" point : 1. cardo 
 Inis, m. : wiih some defining gen. (lit. 
 hinge): titey do not concern thrviseliYS 
 about what is the real g. of a case, quo- 
 rum nihil refert ubi linum c vertilur, 
 Quint. 12, 8, }: simly. lausac c. Id. 5, 
 12, J. (N'.B.— Not so in Oic.) 2. expr. 
 by contineo, 2 : tlie real g. of Oiis qucstim 
 is the piint rrsjiecting the nature of '.'>£ 
 gods, continet banc tolam quaestionem 
 ea ratio quae est de uatura I eorum, Cic 
 Div. I, 51, 117 : the real g. of the ques- 
 tion, qu(.M.I maxime rem causamque con- 
 tinet, Cic. N. I>. I, I: 2- Simly in Cic 
 Pan. 29, 10;, we have contliieiitla cau- 
 sarum = (A<: real points at issue, like 
 cardo supr 
 
 gittern: cUhiira. v. GcrrxR. 
 
 give: A. I'rans. : I. To pre- 
 sent, make a gift : L *>. "1^'. <**• 
 M9
 
 GIVE A WAT 
 
 GIVE UP 
 
 G L A D I ATOR 
 
 turn, dare, i (most gen. term : constr. 
 with ace. and dat.) : Lycurgus gave the 
 lands of the n ealthy to the commonalty 
 to cidtivaie, L. agros locupletium plebi 
 colendos dedit, Cic. : to give a daughter 
 in marriage, fiiiam in matrimonlum d., 
 Caes. : to g. advice, consilium d., Cio. : 
 Hor. Sometimes strengthened by dot. 
 done (v. L. G. } 297), to gioe to any one 
 as a gift: Ter. Heaut. 5,5, 6. Fig.: 
 to g. ear, i. e. pay attention, antes d., 
 Cic. Att, I, 5. 2. dono, i iU>g. freely, 
 asapiesent: constr. with dat. and ace. 
 cr ace. and ahl.) : v. to present. 3. 
 tnbuo, i, utum. j (where something is 
 due) : to g. every one his due, suum cui- 
 que tr., Cic. Off. i, 5, 14: lie gave (or 
 fpaid) Aurelius the price of his house, 
 pretium aedium Aurelio tiibnit, Tac. 
 Ann I, '75 : in gen. sense, to g. gifts, 
 dona tr , Ov. Met 9. 402. 4. largior, 
 4 {freely, lactshly : often, immorally) : 
 to take from one in order to g. to an- 
 other, eripere aliis quod aliis largiaie, 
 
 Cic. Off. I, 14, 4} : V. TO BESTOW ; LIBE- 
 RAL (to be). II. To deliver, put into 
 anil one's liands: 1. trado, didi, 
 
 dituni, J (to hand over) : to g. {pass) 
 any one the cup (after drinking), pocu- 
 luin tr., Cic. : more tully, aliquid alicui 
 in manum tr., PI. Merc. 2, 2, 6 : v. to de- 
 liver. 2. (in imper. mond) cedo, pi. 
 cettg (in co'.loq. language) : if you have 
 anything from Atticus, g. it me, cedo, 
 si quid ab Attico (est), Cic. Att. 16, U, 
 inii. : g. me Vie account-hook, please, 
 cedo, qnaeso, codiceni, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, 
 104 : PI.. : Ter. |||, To bestow or 
 assign a name: 1. impoiio, posiii, 
 itum, } (with dat. and ace.) : to g. new 
 things new names, i. nova novis rebus 
 nomina, Cic. Kin. i, i, j: the simple 
 verb also occurs with same constr., Cic. 
 Tusc. J, 5, 10; Virg. 2. do, i, iri:: 
 he gave name to the river {by being 
 drowned in it), nomen flumini dedit, 
 Liv. I, J, 7ned. : Virg. Aen. I, 248 : 
 Quint. The conip. indo, diiti, ditum, }, 
 also occurs, Liv. i, J4, ab inopia Egerio 
 nomen inditum : PI. 3. facio, j : the 
 young folk gave me the name of " wiper " 
 juventus nomen lecit Peniculo mihi, I'l. 
 Men. ini't. : I>iv. i, j (where it is used 
 of giving occasion for a name, like dare, 
 supr.). IV. To inflict a blow: in- 
 jicio, Jeci, jectum, }: to g. any one a 
 btoic, plagam alicui inj., Cic. : v. to in- 
 flict, M i s c e 1 1, p h r. : tog. water to 
 an enemy, hosti aquain commodare, PI. 
 Rud. 2,5, 21: d. Cic. Off. I. 16. 51 (V. 
 TO OBLIGE) : to g.a supper-part;/, coenas 
 facere, Cic. Ait. 9, 15,4: to g. anyone 
 an opportunity nf doing anything, ali- 
 cui potrstatem .t. copiam facere faciendi 
 aliquid, Cic: (v. opportunity): to g. 
 any one trouble, alicui negotium faces- 
 sere, Cic. Fam. j, 10, init. ; also n. facere, 
 yuint. (v. trouble) : to g.a yoking no- 
 man in marriage, nuptum virginem lo- 
 tare [adolescenti], Ter. Ph. 5, i, 2;: to 
 g. an account, rationem reddere, Cic. (v. 
 ACCOUNT) : to g. thanks, grates or gra- 
 tias agere, persolvere (v. thanks) ; to g. 
 any one the slip, alicui subterfugere, PI. 
 Bac. 4, 5, 2 : / will g. Qiim) such a dress- 
 ing ! adeo exomatum dabo, adeo de- 
 pe.\um, Ter. Heaut. 5, i, 77 : to g. way 
 to any one in the streets, alicui decedere, 
 Ter. Cic. (v. to get out) in tig. sense, 
 cedere (v. to tield) ; labascere (to show 
 signs of giving loay), Ter. Ad. 2, 2, Ji 
 (see also TO give way). B. 1 "- 
 
 trans.: (to yield to pressure): v. to 
 yield, give vvav. 
 
 give away: dono; largior: v. to 
 GIVE (I ). 
 
 back : reddo, rgmitto : v. to 
 
 restore. 
 
 chase : insequor, ; : v. to puiisue. 
 
 forth : 1. edo, didi, ditum, 
 
 J: to g. forth groans, gemitus e., Ov. 
 M. 9, 207 : v. to utter, emit. ( I'he 
 simple verb occurs poet, in same sense : 
 to g. forth a sound, sonitum dare, Virg. 
 Aeu. 2, 24} : Ov.) 2. emitto, j : 
 
 V. to emit. P h r. : to g. forth (respire) 
 brecUh from tlie lungs, animam a pul- 
 inonibus[respirareet] reddere, Cic. N. I). 
 J40 
 
 2. 54, I j6 : to g. forth (yield) a sharp 
 tone (of a string when touched), acutum 
 sonnm reraittere, Hor. A. P 549. 
 
 give in: j. Trans. : as to give 
 in one's name : 1. profiteor, fessus, 
 2 (esp. of one's own free will) : (volun- 
 tarily) to g. in their navies (of candi- 
 dates), nomina pr., Liv. 26, 18, med.: 
 the verb occurs in same sense absol., 
 intra legitimos dies pr. nequiverit. Sail. 
 Cat. 18: Veil. 2, 92, -med: to g. in a 
 return of the number of acres under 
 crops, Jugera sationis pr., Cic. Verr. j. 
 i;, J8. 2. refero, tuli, latum, j, irr. : 
 to g. in accounts to the treasury, ra.i\OBes 
 T. ad aerarium, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, ad init. : 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 20, extr. 3. reddo, didi, 
 ditum, J: to g. in an account, rationem 
 r., lac. Ann. i, 6, extr.: Cic. Phr. : to 
 give in one's name as a soldier, nomen 
 d;ire, edere, Liv. : v. to enlist. ||. 
 1 n t r a D s. : to 0W7t oneself vanquished : 
 Phr.: I g. in to your superior wis- 
 dom, efficaci do manus sapientiae, Hor. 
 Epod. 17, init. : Caes. : v. to give w av, 
 
 YIELD. 
 
 oS: mitto, emitto. j : cf. Lucr. 
 
 4, 54, sqq. See also to emanate. 
 
 out: I. Tran.s. : to yield, 
 
 esp. an exudation: mano, i : v. to ex- 
 ude. II, In trans. : to profess, pre- 
 tend : 1. fero, i. irr. : he gave him- 
 self out to be Philip, se Philippum 
 [regiaeque stirpis] ferebat. Veil, i, 11 : 
 Virg. Aen, 5, J7J. 2. dictito, i (to 
 be continually saying, nhether falsely 
 or truly) : he started (as he gave out) to 
 join Caesar, proiectus, lit dictitabat, ad 
 Caesarem. Caes. B. C. j, 22. 3. prae- 
 dlco, I : Caes. B. G. 6. 18: v. to affirm. 
 
 over: A. I'rans.: I. To 
 
 consign: trado, mando : v. to ueliver 
 UP. II. To despair of: despero, i : 
 v. to despair. Phr.: given over by 
 the physicians, deploratus medicis, Plin. 
 7. 50, 51, im't.; Liv. (N.B.— The verb 
 deploro is found in this sense only in 
 part.) B. 1 II t r a n s. : to cease : desino, 
 etc. : V. TO forbear. 
 
 place : decedo, J : V. to r. kt out. 
 
 to : addo, adjicio, attribuu : v. 
 
 to add, assign. 
 
 up : A. T r a n s. : |. To 
 
 deliver over : 1. trado (transdo), 
 
 didi, dlium, j: to g. up a city tn the 
 enemy, urbem hostibus tr., Liv. : they 
 gare themselves up to the enemy, se hos- 
 tibus trail sdiderunt, Caes. : v. to de- 
 Lr\'ER, surrender. 2. dedo, j : v. 
 TO surrender. 3. prodo, j (freq. in 
 bad sense : v. to betray) : to give up 
 one's life and money, vitam, pecuniam 
 pr., Ter. Heaut. j, i, 70. 4. per- 
 niitto, } (to g. up tlie control, of anything 
 to another) : I have given vp the entire 
 affair to his hand, totum ei negotium 
 permisi, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, init. : Caes. : 
 V. TO entrust (5 ). Phr. ; to g. up the 
 ghost, animam efflare : v. to expire. 
 
 II. To devote : dedo, confgro, etc. : 
 V. to devote (in.). III. To abandon : 
 
 1 dimitto, misi, missum, 3 (to let 
 go oiii of one's hands) : to g. up the 
 supremacy, principatnm d., Caes. B. G. 
 6, 12: to g. up all hope of anything, 
 omnera alicu.ius rei spem d., Caes. B. C. 
 I, 7J: to give vp one's resentment for 
 the good (f the state, iracundiam suam 
 reipublicae d., Caes. B. C. i, 8 : v. to 
 abandon. 2. depono, pbsui, itum. j 
 (to lay dmim, resign) : to g. up all hope, 
 omnem spem d., Caes. B. G. 5, 19: to g. 
 up (sacrifice) personal animosities, si- 
 multatesd., Cic. PI. Ji, 76: v. to re- 
 .siGN. 3. coucedo, ssi, ssum, j (usu. 
 to g. up out of regard for, in cnnsidera- 
 tion of something more important) : I 
 gave up my resentment and my friend- 
 stiips for the lienefit of the common- 
 wealth, dolorem atquc amicitias reipub- 
 licae concessi, Cic. Prov. Cons, 18, fin. : 
 you stated that you gave up your caii- 
 vass for the augurate out of regard for 
 me, auguratus petitionem mihi te c<in- 
 cessisse dixisti, Cic, Phil. 2, 2. 4. 4. 
 condoiio, I (similar to preced.) : Cic. : 
 v. to sacrifice (II.). B. In trans.: 
 (rare) : desisto, i: v. to cease. 
 
 give way : I. ^o 3/i«'^ '0 /<"^ •' 
 1. e.sp. in milit. lang., inchno, i 
 (either intrans., or more froq as refl. 
 pass.) : on the fall of Hostus, the Koman 
 line forthnith g.s way, ut H. cecidit 
 confestlm Romana inclinatur acies, Liv. 
 I, 12: neither party g.ing way, ut in 
 ueutram partem inclinarent acies, Liv. 
 7, 33, med.: in noii-milit. .sense, to 
 g. way to fear, timore inclinare (al. 
 inclinari), Cic. Att. }, ij. 2. p6- 
 dem rClero, }, irr. (also in milit. 
 sense : to step back ; nut necessarily 
 implying defeat) : v to fall back (II.). 
 3. manus do, i, irr. (lit. to yield 
 up one's hands, in token of defeat) : at 
 length Cotta is induced to g. way (after 
 discussion), tandem dat Cotta permotiis 
 manus, Caes. B. G. 5, Ji : Hor. 4. 
 cedo, ssi, ssum, }, (most gen. term) : v. 
 to yield. II. To comply with : ob- 
 sequor, morem geio : v. to comply 
 WITH, HUMOUR. |||. Fig.: to aUoio 
 oneself to be overcome by emotion : 
 Phr.: to g. way to passion, animo in- 
 dulgere, Ov. Met. 12, 598 : so, lacrimis 
 ind., ib. 9, 142 : they g. way to the en- 
 thusiasm of the soldiers, indulgent ai- 
 dori militum, Liv. 9, 4}, med. ; to give 
 way to (give oneself up to) tears and 
 grief, lacrimis ac iristitiae se tradere. 
 Luce, in Cic. Fam. 5, 14 : she did not 
 g. way to tears, dolorem non in lacriraas 
 effudit, Just. I, 8, med. 
 
 giver : expr. by pies. part, of do, 
 dono, etc. (L. G. ^ 6j8): you beg for 
 mean favours, injerii/r to the g , tu pos- 
 cis vilia rerum, dante minor, Hor. 
 (I)ator however occurs poet., Virg. Aen. 
 
 1, 7J4). Phr.: a lavish g., lai^tor. 
 Sail. Jug. 95 (usu. ill adject, sense, v. ro 
 lamsh): Sil. : g. of a wound, auctor 
 vulneris (poet.): Ov. Met. ;, IJJ. 
 
 giving (subs.) : 1. datio (rare) : 
 g. of laiis, leguni d., Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 60: 
 Plin. (More freq. expr. by verb by g., 
 helping, forgiving, dando, sublevando, 
 ignoscendo. Sail. Cat. 54.) 2. largilio 
 (lavish, unprincipled g.) : Caes. : Cic. 
 Phr.: the g. of thanks, actio gratiarum, 
 Cic. Fam. 10, 19. 
 
 gizzard : *ventriculus gallinae (avis) 
 anterior (.?) 
 
 glacial : glScialis, e : v. icy, frozen. 
 
 glacier: *moles nivium frigoribus 
 conglaciata (Kr.); nives alte concreta 
 glacie coacervatae : cf. Liv. 21. ?6, extr. 
 
 glacis : tech. t. in fortification : *agger 
 muri leniter acclivis (declivitas valli ex- 
 tenor. Kr.). 
 
 glad: laetus: he is g. about some- 
 thing, I. est nescio quid, Ter. Andr. 2, 
 
 2, i : a strongt-r expr. is laetabundus : 
 v. JOYFUL. Usu. with to be : gaudeo, 
 gavisus sum, 2: / am g. of that, id 
 gaudeo, Ter. Andr. 2, 2, 2; (cf. L. G. 
 ^ 25J) : / am very g. I interrupted you, 
 sane gaudeo quod te interpellavi, Cic. : 
 v. TO REJOICE. Sometimes expr. by 
 iibens, libenter : Jam g. to hear that, id 
 libenter audio : v. gladly. 
 
 gladden : 1. hllaro, exhilaro. i : 
 V. TO CHEER. 2. laetif ICO, I (rare) : 
 
 the sun g£ the earth, sol terram 1. [ut 
 cum coelo bilarata videatur], Cic. N. D. 
 2, 40, 102 : PI. 3. expr. hy laetitia, 
 and a verb : e. g., laetitia aliquem *ffl- 
 cere, Cic. Mil. 28, 78; laetitia efferre 
 (to transport), Cic. Fam. 2, 10, init. : 
 V. joy. 
 
 gladdened (pari- adj): laetus: V. 
 
 JOYFUL. 
 
 gladdening: laetificus(rare): Lucr. 
 Usu. laeius will suffice : v jovfcl. 
 
 glade : nearest wfird, nemus, oris. 
 n. (HO(Kiland uith pasture) : cf. Virg. K. 
 6. ;6, neniorum saltus. 
 
 gladiator: gladiator: ashowofg.s, 
 gladiatorum spectaculum, Cic. (usu. called 
 muiius: V. SHOW) : to give a show of g.s. 
 gladiatores dare, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. }2 : 
 Suet. Tit. 7. extr. ; g. edere. Suet ; 
 dunng (at the time of) the show of g.s, 
 gladiatoribus (abl.), Cic. Att. 2, i, 4; 
 2, 19, 2 : a master (trainer) of g.s, gla- 
 diatorum magister. cf. Cic. de Or. }, 2}, 
 86 (usually, lanista, Cic. : Juv,). Adj., 
 belonging to a g., gladiatorius : a band
 
 GLADIATORIAL 
 
 GLEAMING 
 
 G L I TTER 
 
 of g.s (with ref. to their employer), 
 familia gladiatoria, Caes. B. C. }, 21 : a 
 tchool for <?„«, Indus gladiatorius, Cic. 
 Cat 2, ;, 9: (abio ^imply ludus, Hur. 
 A.P.J2: ct.Caes. B.C. 1.14); ag.'tpai/, 
 gladiatorium («'•. preiium), Liv. 44, ji, 
 txti: (also called auctoramemum. Suet. 
 Tib. 7 : cf. Smith's lAci. Ant. 574, b). 
 gladiatorial : giadiatorius : o- 
 
 Streiujtii if body, g. firmitas corporis, 
 Cic. I'hil. 2. 2;, 6j : v. preced. art.,./i»i. 
 O. shov:s. inunus (gladiatorium), spec- 
 taculuni tiladlatoruin : v. prectd. art. 
 
 gladiole: o/rfani, giadiOlus: Plin. 
 
 gladly : 1. laeie : V. JOYFULLY. 
 (Or more freq. laetus in agr. with sub- 
 ject : V. L. a. } ;4f.) 2. libcnter 
 (ii-iUivgly, cheeifully) : people g. be- 
 lieve what thei/ wish true, 1. homines id 
 quod volunt tredunt, Caes. : eery g., 
 libentissime, Cic. So llbens. In agr. 
 with subject : / did so, and g. too, ego 
 illud feci, ac libens, Ter. Eun. ?, 5, 4? : 
 Cic. Very g., animo libentissimo, Cic. 
 Verr. Act. i. 9, 2;. 
 
 gladness : gaudium, laetltia : v. joy. 
 
 gladsome: festivus, laeius: v. fes- 
 tive, JllVhUL. 
 
 glance (.i-ufjs.): Vhv.-. to coit.g.s 
 this way and titat, bu^ illuc volvere 
 oculos, Virg. Aen. 4, }6j : to fix a steady 
 g. upon the ground, solo fixos oculos 
 tenere, ib. i, 482 : at the first g. (opp. to 
 a more careful view), primo aspectu, 
 Cic. de Or. j, 25, 98 ; to cast furtive gj 
 at eaivh other, furlini [noimunquamj in- 
 ter se aspict-re, Cic. Cat. 5, 5, extr. : to 
 take a sidelong g., limis {sc. ocuUs) 
 aspicere, I'l. Mil. 4, 6, 2 ; transversa 
 tuerl, Virg. E. j, 8 : to cast fierce g.s at 
 any one, torva tueri, Virg. Aen. 6,467. 
 
 glance (i'-)' I. 'J''> ^^^^ the eyes 
 rapidly : nearest word prob., aspicio. 
 exl, ctuni, J : just to g. at a thing 
 through a grating, as you pass, (quasi) 
 per traiisennani praeterieus strictim a., 
 Cic. de Or. i, i$, 162: v. preced. art. 
 See also to look. !|. 'Jo graze or 
 touch lightly: esp. of light: stringu, nxi, 
 ctuni, j: lite vwrning star tias just 
 g.ing upon the lop of Haemus, summum 
 radiis stringebat Lucifer HaeD>um, Claud. 
 l!uf.2, J56: v.TOGKAZE. |||, Fig.: 
 to handle a matier cursorily : 1. at- 
 
 tingo, } : V. TO TOUCH UPON. 2. cxpr. 
 by strictim (cursorily) and a verb: e. g. 
 breviter strictimque dicere, Cic. Clu. lo, 
 29 ; strictim atque cursim transgredi, 
 Gell. I, i, vied. 3. perstringo, nxi, 
 ctum, J : Join: [breviterj perstringere 
 atque attingcre, Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201. 
 
 gland : physiol. t. t. ; glans, ndis, /. : 
 e. g., g. penis, Cels. 7, 25, init. The pi. 
 glandnlae is used of the glands of the 
 throat, the tonsils: Cels. 4, 1, init. 
 
 glanders : perh. Atticus profluvius 
 (i.e. profluviuni), V'eg Vet. i, j. 
 
 glandular : *glandis fomiam s. na- 
 turam hubens. (Col. has glamlulosus 
 = abounding in k7iots or luvips, R. R. 
 7, 9, init.) 
 
 glare (subs.).- perb. Inlgur : cf. ruti- 
 lus fulgor, Cic. Rt'p. 6, 17 : v. flash, 
 BRIGHTNESS. I'h r. : they tee the armour 
 thine iHth a ruddy g. through the clear 
 sky, arma per suduni rulilare vident, 
 Virg. Aen. 8, 529 : his eyes have the 
 same g. (of Lycaoii changed into a wolf), 
 idem oculi lucent, Ov. Jlet. i. 259. 
 
 glare ('■■) • I. ^^ shine with a 
 
 ruddy light : rutilare, rutilo luniine ful- 
 gere : V. preced. art. ||. To look nercely 
 upon : torvis nculis (torva, poet.) tueri, 
 aspicere, Ov. (cl. Virg. Aen. i, 677, 
 ceiTiimus astantes nequiajuam Ittmine 
 torvo Aetnaeos fratres, '•fiercely glaring 
 upon us "). P b r. : the 'eyes g. fiercely, 
 ox oculis niicat acribus ardor, Lucr. : v. 
 
 ro FLASH, gleam. 
 
 glaring (adj.)-- I. .'Shining rud- 
 dily : fulgens, rtitrians, riitilus : v. shin- 
 ing, kudpy. ||. Conspicuous, JlO' 
 grant : 1. manifestus : <;. peijury, 
 in. perjurium, Cic. ; v. manifest. 2. 
 Insignls, e (oftener in good sense) ; 
 Join: lUustre atque insigne [perju- 
 rium], Cic. Harusp. 16, j6: v. roNSPi- 
 CLOts. 3 nefariiis, nfifandus : v. 
 
 HEINOUS, FLAGRANT. Phr. : here is a 
 g. discrepancy, *baec apertissime inter 
 se discrepant : v. to msAGKEE. 
 
 glaringly : apene, manifests : v. 
 manife.-^tly. 
 
 glass (subs.): I. The material: 
 
 1. vitrum : to make g., v. coquere, 
 cf. Plin. }6, 26, 66 ; and lac. H. 5, 7, 
 extr. : to W<;«', turn, chase, g., v. flam 
 figurare, torno teri-rc, lai-lare, I'lin. 1. c. : 
 to form g. into lorious shapes by blou-. 
 ing, spiritu v. in habitus plurinios for- 
 mare. Sen. Ep. 90, 31 : to paint on g., 
 vitram coloribus pingere Qet colores 
 inurere] : v. encaustic. JJade of g., 
 vitreus : v. glass (adj.). 2. ISpis 
 spgcularis (a k-ind if transparent stone 
 used for wind(ncs, etc.) : Plin. j6, 22, 
 45 : cf. Peir. 68, init., ex lapide speculari 
 pulvis factus. II, A mirror: specu- 
 lum : v. L00KING-GLAS.5. III. A drink- 
 ing g. : poculuni s. pocillum vitreum : 
 v. CUP ; and glass (adj.). Phr.: to 
 drink out of a g. (as opp. to a cup of 
 other material), vitro bibere, Mart, i, J8. 
 IV. A telescope, microsiope, etc. : 
 see the several w<irds. V. (Jlass- 
 ware : collectively : 1. vitrea, orum : 
 broken g., v. fraita. Mart, i, 41, 4 : Petr. 
 Sat. 10, init. 2. vjtreamTua, urn : 
 
 Paul. Dig. ij. 7, i8$ii. 3. vitrea 
 supt-llex: cf. Prop. 5, 8, J7. 
 
 glass ("•)•' •• e. to represent in a 
 mirror : the Almighty's firm g.'s itself 
 in the ocean (Byron), *quasl forma quae- 
 dam Itel lympliarum speculo reddliur: 
 
 V. TO MIimoK. 
 
 glass, of glass (ndj.) •• 1. vitreus : 
 a g. vessel, vas v., .Sen. N. Q. J, 18, 4: 
 Col. : Plin. : v. glassy. The neut. pi. 
 is used subs. : v. glass (V.). 2. 
 
 byaliiius (Gr. iiaAiro?): O g. ball, h. 
 sphaera, Fulp. : Capell. 
 
 glass-maker: l. vitranus .Sen. 
 Ep. 90, ji. 2. (vitri) artifex : Plin. 
 }6, 26, 66. 
 
 glass-manufactory : (vitri) offi- 
 
 cina: Plin. 36, 26, 66. 
 
 glassy: 1. vitreus: g. wave, v. 
 unda, Virg. Aen. 7, 759 : Hor. 2. 
 hjalinus (rare) : v. glass (culj). 
 
 glaze : I. ^0 cover with a vitreous 
 coating: *vitrum alicui rei illinere : v. 
 TO OVERLAY. ||, To/«r?its/t a wlndow, 
 etc., with glass ; *fcnestram, domum, 
 lapide speculari [vitro] aptare, instruere : 
 
 V. I,LASS. 
 
 glazier : perh. faber vitrarius : but 
 
 viirarius only occurs = glass-maker, q. v. 
 
 gleam (*■«('•'-•■' •■ I. E't-: 1. luigor 
 
 (a7iy bright shining) : tremulous g. (of 
 eyes), tremulus f., Uv. A. A. 2, 721. 2. 
 radius : V. RAY. 3. aura (rare) ; the g. 
 of the gold (golden bough), auri a., Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 204. Phr.: mid fitfid g.s of 
 moonlight, per incertam lunam, Viig. 
 Aen. 6, 270. ||. Fig.: of hope, joy, 
 etc. : Phr.: a slight g. (gale, breath) oj 
 hope, levis aura spei, I>iv. 42, 39. ivit.: 
 I yet cheered myself with this g. of hope, 
 hao lamen oblectjibar specula, Cic. Earn. 
 2, 16, ad fin.: sinily. aliquid speculae, 
 Cic. Clu. 26, 72: the citv seemed to catch 
 a g. (of hope and joy), lux quaedam 
 affulsisse visa est, Liv. 9. 10, init. : cf. 
 id. 27, 28, ad fin., Maguni prima spes, 
 morte nuntiatii Marcelli affulsit. 
 
 gleam ('•)•• 1. ^^'^^0, i (to emit 
 rays oj light) : cats' eyes fash and g. 
 in the dark, felium intenebris fulgent 
 r.que oculi, liin. 11, 37, 55- .Ksp- "' 
 pres. part. : g.ing arms, radiantia arma, 
 Virg. : Ov. A dep. form occurs : the 
 temples g. with gold, tenipla auro ra- 
 di.intur, Auct. Dial. Or. 20, extr. 2, 
 
 niteo, 2 (to emit a steady reflected light) . 
 a thousand different hues g. (in the 
 rainbow), divers! 11. niille colores, Ov. 
 Met. 6, 6; : to gleam u-ith martile^ 
 marmore n., Auct. Dial. Or. 20. extr. : 
 V. TO SHINE. In .'iim. sens>', rfnideo. 2 
 (to cast buck a gleam) : Hor. (»d. 2, 18. 
 I : Lucr. Virg. 3. corusco, i : v. 
 I TO GLITTER. 4. mlco. I : the sky g.s 
 
 j tvith fires, ni. ignibus aether, Virg. : 
 
 Ijv. :"v. TO GLITTER. 5. fulgeO, 2: 
 
 v. TO FLASH. 
 
 gleaming (adj.) • 1. cOruscus 
 
 (having quifk play of light) : g. rayt nf 
 the sun, radii soils c, Ov. : g. woods, 
 silvae c, Virg. Aen. i, 164: Lucr,: v. 
 GLITTERISG. 2. radians, ntis . v. to 
 GLEAM. 3. rf nideiis, nti!" : g. brat* 
 (of arms), r. aera, Virg. G. 2, 282. 4. 
 nitidiLs: v. bright. 
 glean : 1. spicas coiugo, iggi, 
 
 lectum, 3 : Vulg. Ruth ii. 2. 2. race- 
 mor, I : strictly, to gather clusters (=z. :o 
 treat in a supplementary way) : used 
 tig. Varr. U. R. 3, 9. 
 
 gleaner : expr. by part. : v. preced, 
 art. Phr.: to leave an earortuofor 
 the g.s (fig.), e segete ad spicllegium 
 relinquere stipulam, Varr. L. U 7(6), 
 7} 109. 
 
 gleaning (tubs.) : 1. spiclif gium : 
 Vair. R. K. i, 53. 2. raceinatlo (of 
 clusters of grapes): Tert. 
 
 glebe : gleba, sOlum : V. son, soil. 
 Phr.; g.-land, *ager ecclesiastlciig (?) 
 
 glede : niUvus : v. hawk. 
 
 glee : laetitla, gaudium : v. joy. 
 Full if g., laetabundus, Gell. 
 
 gleeful : laetus, etc. : v. jotfttl. 
 
 glen: vallis, convallis: V. VALtET. 
 Ov. thus describes a mountain g. u-ith 
 torrents, concava vallis et qua se demit- 
 tere rivi assuerant pluvlalis aquae. Met 
 8, 334- 
 
 glib : I. •'slippery : lubrjcus : v. 
 
 SLii-PERY. II, K I g. : tpeak-ivg with 
 ease: vOltibnis v. fluent, voluble. 
 
 glibly : of speech, facile et volubi- 
 
 liter : V. VOLUBLY. 
 
 glibness : v. slifpebc<°ess ; volu- 
 bility. 
 
 glide : labor, psus, } : to g. along in 
 vxindering and changeful manner (of 
 the planets), vaga et mutabili ratione I., 
 Cic. Tim. 10. med. . of the motion 0/ 
 ships, Virg. Aen. 8. 91. Fig.: the fleet 
 years g. away, fugaces 1. anni. Hor. 
 
 back: reiabor, 3: Hor. Fig.: 
 
 I g. insensibly back to the doctrines of 
 Aristippus. in Aristippl lurtim prae- 
 cepta r., Hor. Ep. i, i, 18. 
 
 down : delab<]r, 3 : Virg. : Ov. 
 
 in. into: illabor, j: Cic. 
 
 through or over : perlabor, 3 : 
 
 Virg. 
 
 to. towards : aliabor, 3 : Liv. : 
 
 Virg. 
 under, beneath : subteriabor, 
 
 3 : rivers g.ing 'neath the walls of an- 
 cient cities, fluniina anfiquus subter- 
 labentia muros, Virg. G. 2. 157. 
 flide, gliding (subs.): lapsus, ts, 
 
 m. : the serptnts escape by p., dracones 
 lapsu effugiunt. Virg. Aen. 2, 225 Hor. : 
 delapsus (dou-nuards) : Varr.: allapsus 
 (toil ards) : Hor. 
 
 glimmer : subluceo, 2 (to cast a 
 feeble light): twiliyht g.s, crepuscnla 
 sublucent, Ov. A. A. I, 5, 5: Virg. See 
 
 also TO FLICKER. 
 
 glimmering (<"ij): sublustris, e 
 (partialli/ light) : the g. night, s. nox, 
 Hor. Od.' 3, 27, }1 : Virg. See also 
 FLKKFKINO. 
 
 glimpse: no e.\act word- v. iook. 
 Phr.: to get a g. of: displcio. spexi. 
 spectum, } : a g. of Thule luis ban got 
 (in spite of snow and storm). dlsjH>iia 
 est Thule, Tac. Agr. 10: what wotidrr 
 if feeble minds cannot get a g. of the 
 truth, quid minim si Imbecilli animi 
 verum d. non possint! Cic. IMv. 2, 39- 
 81 : to get a g. of anything through a 
 grating in passing, aliquid per transcn- 
 nam strictim a>picere praetcreiinlem. 
 Cic. de Or. i, 35, 16: : a g. of hope, fpf- 
 cula (prop, u small hope), C^c : v. gleam 
 (fig.). 
 
 glisten : luceo, rSdlo : v. to gleam. 
 
 glistering cdj.) : liicidus, randens: 
 
 V. i-.l.rrTKKING, BRIGHT. 
 
 glitter (subs.) : 1. fnigiir, ttrts. m. 
 (emitted or reflected): the g. of gold, f. 
 ab auro. Lucr.": the g. of arms. f. armo- 
 nini. Hor. : lo be da:zle<i \nth insane 
 g. (dL'play). insanls fulgoribus stuppre, 
 
 Hor. S. 2, 2, 5- v. BRIGHTN-ESS, FLASH. 
 
 2. nitor (reflected) : the g. of gold 
 and silver, argentl et auri n., Ov. Pont 
 3.4. a. 
 glitter (i)- 1. fulBeO' f^'^'- »■ 
 Ml
 
 GUTTERING 
 
 GL.O RT 
 
 GLOWING 
 
 and fulgo, j : marble abodes, g.ing with 
 ivory and gold, marmorea tecta ebore 
 et aaro fulgentia, Cic. : v. to shine. 
 2. liiceo, luxi, 2 (usu. denoting o 
 milder lustre than fulgeo) : a throne 
 g.ing mth bright emeralds, solium Claris 
 lucens smaragdis, Ov. Met. 2. 24 : v. 
 TO SHINE. 3. splendeo, 2 (to shine 
 brightly) : the sea g.s under the tremu- 
 lous light, s. tremulo sub luinine pontus, 
 Virg. Aeu. 7, 9 : Hor. 4. mice, ui. 
 «tum, I (esp. ot a quick, flashing light) : 
 the swords g. (in action), m. gladii, Liv. 
 2, 20: Virg. 5. corusco, i (with 
 
 quick, resffess movement .- poet.) : the 
 lightning g.s among the clouds, flamma 
 inter nubes c, poet, in Cii:. de Or. ?, 39. 
 157: Claud. 6. nileo, renideo, 2 
 
 {with reflected light) : v. to gleam. 
 
 7. fulgeo, 2 : V. TO SHINE. 
 
 glittering (adj.): \. coruscus 
 
 {with rapid play of light: poet.): g. 
 lightnings, c. fulniina, Virg. G. i, J28: 
 the g. sun, c. sol, Virg.: v. gleaming. 
 
 2, fulgidUS : V. BRIGHT, FLASHING. 
 
 3. nitidus (with reflated lustre) : 
 V. GLEAMING. 4. spleiididus (very 
 bright) : the g. constellations, s. signa, 
 Lucr. : v. brilliant. 5. caiidens, ntis 
 (shining white) : g. rocks, c. saxa, Hor. 
 S. 1, ;, 26: Virg. 6. candidus (like 
 preced.) ; Soracte g.-uhite with snow, 
 nive c. Soracte. Hor. : v. v, kite. 7, 
 vitreus (like glass) g. Circe, v. Circe, 
 Hor. Od. I. 17, 20. (N.B.— Also the 
 partt. fulgeiis, nitens, renidens, may be 
 used adject. : v. to glitter.) 
 
 gloat : expr. by pasco, pavi, stum, j : 
 to g. over any one's tortures, aliciijus 
 cruciatu p. oculos, Cic. : v. to feast (A.). 
 
 globe: I. Any round object : 1, 
 globus: g.s of fire, g. flammarum, Virg. 
 G. i,47J. />min. globiilus, Plin. 2. 
 sphaera : Cic. : v. sphere. 3. pila : 
 a g. of glass filled with water, vltrea p. 
 aqua plena, Sen. N. y. i, 6, 6: v. ball. 
 (N.B. -Orbis strictly denotes a plane 
 figure ; v. circle.) ||. The earth : 
 orbis, is, m. : usu. with terrae, terrarum, 
 Cic. : V. earth. 
 
 globosity: globosttas, e. g., terrae, 
 Macr. Som. Scip. i, i5, med. 
 
 globular ; globosus • Cic. Tim. 6, 
 init See also round, spherical. To 
 make of a g. shape, conglObo, I : Cic. 
 N. D. 2, J9 : the simple verb globo also 
 occurs, but both are most freq. in p. 
 
 XXlH. 
 
 globale; globiilus, pilula: V. GLOBE, 
 
 PILL. 
 
 gloom: I. Lit.: tgnebrae, caligo : 
 V. darkness. II. Fig.: of calamity, 
 sadness, etc. : 1. tgnebrae, anmi in 
 ■what g. is this life spent, qualibus in t. 
 degitur hoc aevi ! Lucr. : if exile have 
 cast a g. over you, si quid tenebrarum 
 ofFudit exsilium, Cic. Tusc. j, J4, 82. 
 2. caligo, inis, /. (thick darkness) : 
 see now the g. of those times, vide nunc 
 c. temporum illorum, Cic. Fl. 40, 96. 
 Join: caligo et tenebrae, Cic. in Sen. 
 }, 5. 3. trisiltia ; from, the height of 
 joy, suddenly a g. fell upon oil, ex 
 6umma laetitia, repente omnes t. inva- 
 sit, Sail. Cat. ji : a kind of g. contracts 
 the face of the earth, quasi t. quaedam 
 contrahli terrain, Cic. N. IX 2, 40, 102: 
 V. sadness. 
 
 gloomily : moeste : v. sorkowfi;lly. 
 Sometimes an adj., as tristis (if. L. G. 
 ^ j^i") may serve: how g. Vie sun rises to 
 the wretched, *quam tristis surgit sol 
 miseris ! v. gloomy. 
 
 gloominess: tgnebrae: v. gloom. 
 
 gloomy : ' . ^t^i", tra, trum the g. 
 cypress, a. cupressus, Virg. Aen. ;, 64 : 
 y. Cocytu^. a. Cocytus, Hor. Od. 2. 14, 
 17 : a g. day (of death), a. dies, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 429. 2. furvus (chiefly poet.) : 
 the g. caverns (of Acheron), t. antra, 
 Ov. Met ;, 541 : g. Proserpine, f. Proser- 
 pina, Hor. Od. 2, IJ, 21. 3. nubilus 
 (cloitdy : poet.) : the g. Styx, n. Styx, 
 Ov. Fast, i, ill a road g. with yens, 
 via n. taxu, Ov. Met. 4, 432 : p. fate, n. 
 Parca. Ov. Tr. 5, j, 14. 4 tgnebrosus, 
 tfinebricosus : v. dark. 5. tristis, e 
 (properly only of persons : v. sad) : g. 
 i42 
 
 Tartarus, l. Tartara, Virg. Aen. 6. 24?: 
 g. trees, t. arbores, Plin. 16, 2;, 40: a 
 more g. life, vita tristior, Cic. Off. i, 10, 
 108 : g. severity, t. seveiitas, I'er. 6. 
 tetricus (prop, of looks ; sad atid for- 
 bidding) : a g. mind, [horridus et] t. 
 animus, Sen. Ep. j6, j : g. goddesses 
 (i. e. the Farcae), t. deae. Mart. 4, 75, 
 6. 7. moestus (v. sorrowful) : mast 
 g. with concealed wrath, tacita moestis- 
 simus ira, Val. Fl. 5, 568 : g. orators, 
 m. oratores, Auct. Dial. Or. 2} : g. fear, 
 m. timor, Virg. 8. caecus: v. dark. 
 9. caertileus (of dark hue : poet.) ; 
 the g. bark of fate, c. ratis fati. Prop. 
 
 glorification : glorif tcatio : Aug. 
 (Better expr. by verb : v. to glorify.) 
 glorify : 1. glorifico, i : Tert. 
 
 Vulg. (X.B.— Not class.) 2. iHustro, i 
 (to render distinguished) : to g. any one 
 with praise, aliquem laudibus i., Luce, 
 in Cic. Fam. 5, 14, med. 3. celebro, 
 I : v. TO celebrate. See also to ^-raise, 
 honour. 
 
 glorious : 1. gloriosus (of persons, 
 nsu. = boastful) : to deserve well of the 
 commonwealth is g., bene mereri de re- 
 publica g. est, Cic. Ph. i, 14, 3J : most 
 g. victories, victoriae gloriosissimae, 
 Suet. : Tac. 2. inclltus (chiefly poet.) : 
 V. renowned. 3. praeclarus (excellent 
 or eminent beyond others) : O g. day, 
 O p. diem! Cic. Sen. 2j, 8;: a most g. 
 achievement, praeclarissiraum facinus, 
 Nep. Tim. i : Sail. 4. pulcher, chra, 
 chrum: a most g. deed, pulcherrimum 
 facinus, Tac. Ann. i, 8, Jin.: Sail.: v. 
 honourable. 5. amplus : most g. 
 achievements, amplissimae res gestae, 
 Cic. Att. 8, 9 ad med. Join: amplum 
 et gloriosupj [est], Liv. 6. clarus, 
 illustris: v. famous, illustrious. Phr. : 
 to be very g. (of an action), maguae. 
 maximae gloriae esse, Cic. PI. j6, 89 ; to 
 be for ever g. (of an individual), in 
 aetema [senipitema] gloria esse, Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 10, 21 : to regard anything 
 as g., aliquid in gloria ponere, Plln. 7, 
 25. 25. 
 
 gloriously: 1. gloriose: to tri- 
 umph g., g. triuniphare, Cic. Fam. 2, 12. 
 Join: gioriosissime et magnificentis- 
 sime, Cic. Att. 14, 4. 2. egregie 
 
 (excellently ivell, u^ith great distinction) : 
 to conquer g., e. vincere, Liv. 21, 40, 
 init. 3. cum [magna, maxima, sum- 
 ma] laude ; non sine gloria : v. glory. 
 P h r. : to live g. (a glorious life), in 
 gloria vivere, Cic. Fam. 15, 6, init. 
 
 glory (subs.) : I, In abstract sense ; 
 praise, distinction : 1, gloria : real, 
 solid, substantial g., vera, gravis, solida 
 g., Cic. : eternal g., g. aetema, sempi- 
 tema, Cic. ; to long for g., g. expetere, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 172 : to be attracted 
 '>!/ 9-, gloria duci, Cic. Arch. 11, init.: 
 t" get g., g. capere, Cic. Am. 7, extr. ; g. 
 consequi, id. Ph. 2, 44, 114; g. adipisci, 
 ill. Off. 2, I J, init.: to get g. by well 
 doing, g. benefaclis parare, t^uint. : Sail, 
 (v. to GET) : aU those things have brought 
 vie immortal g., mihi ilia onmia iramor- 
 talem g. dederunt, Cic. in Pis. 26, 6j : 
 to be distinguished for the g. of one's 
 achievements, gloria rerum gestariun 
 florere, Cic. de Or. i, init. : J have 
 warred not without g., militavi non 
 sine g., Hor. Uimin. gloriola, petty, 
 paltry g., Cic. Fam. 5, 12, fin. 2. 
 
 laus, dis, /. : 'tis no mean g., non ultima 
 1. est, Hor. Ep. i, 17, 55 to be a g. to 
 any (me, alicui [magnae] laudi esse, 
 Hor. S. 2, J, 99 : V. PRAISE. 3. dgcus, 
 oris, n. (usu. in sense II.) ; to maintain 
 the dignity and the g. of the state, civi- 
 tatls dignitatem et d. sustinere, Cic. Off. 
 I, 32, 124: true g. consists in virtue, 
 verum d. in virtute positum esi, Cic. 
 4. ilaritas, claritudo : v. renown. 
 II. An ornament, distinctimi : 1, 
 decus : mind is the g. of man, hominis 
 d. ingenium, Cic. Br. i;, 59: (Ponipey) 
 the g. and light of the empire of the 
 people of Rome, imperii P. K. decus ac 
 lumen, id. Ph. 2, 22, 54. 2. omamen- 
 tum : v. ORNAMENT. |||, The halo 
 
 round the head of a saint : nimbus : of. 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 634: comp. Serv. a. I. 
 
 glory (v.): 1. glorior, i (foil, by 
 abl.; either alone or with in, de) : tog. 
 in names, nominibus g., Cic. Or. 50, 169: 
 we rightly g. in virtue, in virtute recie 
 gloriamur, id. N. I), i, {6, 87 : with dt 
 id. Fin. i, 8, 28 : v. to boast. 2. 
 
 effero, extuli, elatum, 3, irr. (with pron. 
 refl.) : in this I g., not a little, hie me 
 magnifiee effero, Ter. Heaut. 4, }, }i : 
 to g. in wickedness and tyranny, scelere 
 atque superloia sese e.. Sail. Jug. i.;, 
 med. : Cic. 3. jacto, 1 : v. to boast. 
 Phr.: many g. in enduring heat for 
 many hours, plerique in gloria dutunt, 
 pluiimis horis calorem perpeli, Plin. ii, 
 6, J 2. 
 
 over : insulto, i (usu. with 
 
 dat.) : Cic. ; V. to exult over. 
 
 glorying: glorlatio: Cic. Fin. j 8. 
 28. See also boast. 
 
 gloss (subs.) : \, A shining a/p- 
 pearance : nitor : v. glossiness. Phr.: 
 to give a g. to any thing, polire, aliquid 
 nitidius reddeie (v. to polish) : to take 
 the g. off any one's achievements, *ali- 
 cujus factorum gloriam minuere v. to 
 disparage. II, An explanuifn oj a 
 difficult ivord : \, iuterprelatio, in- 
 terpretainentum : v. interpretation. 
 2. glossa, ae (rare In this sense) . v. 
 Forceil. s. v. 
 
 over (w-) •■ perh. coloro, i : cf. 
 
 Val. Max. 8, 2, 2, libidinosam liberali- 
 tatem debiti nomine colorando. See 
 also to extenuate. 
 
 glossary : 1. glossarium : Geil. 
 18, 7, vted. 2. glossae, arum (i. e. a 
 collection of obsolete words ; glossae, 
 glossemata) : to compile g.s, glossas scri- 
 bere, Varr. L. L. 7, 2 } 10. 
 
 glossiness: nitor; g. of plumage, 
 n. pennarum, Phaedr. i, ij, 6 : v 
 brightness, smoothness. 
 
 glossy : 1. nitidus ; g. hair, n. 
 caesaries, Virg. G. 4, ii7 : g. in his youth 
 (fresh skin), n. juvenia, id. Aen. 2, 47} : 
 Ov. : v. bright. 2. perh. in some 
 cases, candidus (shining and fair) : g, 
 white limbs, c. membra, Ov. Met. 2, 607. 
 g.10Ves: perh. manuum tegumenta, 
 (tegumenta) digitalia, Kr. s. v. In Plin. 
 Ep. }, 5, 15, manicae is used of a kind 
 of coveting for the hand and arm, no- 
 tarius cujus mauus hieme mauicis mu- 
 mebantur, but cf. Gierig ad 1., and v. 
 sleeve. (Digitalia or digitabula in 
 Varr. R. K. i, 55, are evidently not 
 gloves, but implements used in knocking 
 fruit off a tree.) 
 
 gloved (I>ai t. adj.) : Phr.: udlh g. 
 
 hand, *maiiibus inteclis, digitalibus ves- 
 
 tiiis. 
 
 glover : nearest word perh. luanule- 
 
 I arius, PI. Aul. }, 5, 37. (Forceil. gives 
 
 chirothecarius, e Gloss.) 
 
 glow (*"&s) •' ardor, fervor, ca lor: v. 
 heat. Phr. : in the g. of youth, cali- 
 dus juventa, Hor. Od. }, 14, 27 : to be 
 in a g., candere : v. to glow 
 
 glow ("■) : 1. candeo, ui, 2 : tht 
 g.ing iron hisses from the hot furnace, 
 calidis candens ferrum e fornatibiis stri- 
 dit, Lucr. 6, 148 : ttie air grew g.ing 
 hot, aer fervoribus ustus canduit, Ov. 
 Met. I, 120. Hence incept., candesco, 
 }, to begin to g., to become g.ing hut : 
 Lucr. : Ov. Comps. incandesce, excan- 
 desco, strengthened Irom preced. : cf. 
 fire, to take. 2. ardeo, incept, 
 
 ardesco, arsi : v. fire, to take ; be on. 
 3. ferveo, bui, 2; also fervo, i, 3 
 (strictly, tii boil) : the sun is g.ing hot, 
 sol fervit, Gell. 2, 29, med. Esp. in fig 
 sense, the work g.s ("is all alive"), 
 fervet opus, V^irg. G. 4, 169- to g. with 
 passion, (ab) ira fervere, Ov. Met. 2, 
 602 : Hor. Incept, fervesco, } (rare) . 
 Lucr.: Plin. 4. aestuo, i (like pre- 
 ced.) : the parched air g.s, torridus a. 
 aer. Prop. Fig.: the concealed flame 
 (of love) g.s all the more, tectus magis 
 a. ignis, Ov. Jlet. 4, 64. 6. flagro, i 
 (strictly, to blaze, be on fire). Fig.: to 
 g. with love, amore f., Cic. : v. inflamed, 
 to be. 
 
 glowing (04?) •■ \, ^i'ith heat : 1. 
 
 candens, ntis : Lucr.: v. to glow (1). 
 
 2. ardens, ntis : g. Etna, a. Aetna,
 
 GLOWINGLY 
 
 G O 
 
 GO BEYOND 
 
 Hor. A. P. 465 : g. S<-vrpixi, a. Scorpins, 
 Virg. (i. I, );. 3. fervens, ntis: y. 
 
 embers, f. cmis, Plin. : g. vhecl, f. rota, 
 Ov. font. I, 8, 68. 4. ft-rvidus: g. 
 wheel, f. rola, Hor. Od 1,1,4. •^^ *'*" 
 HOT, FiERV. \\,WitkeagemeiS,pastum. 
 etc.: fervidus, calidus, eic. : v. kauer, 
 FERVENT. III. Of colour, brilliant, 
 as if va fire : ardens most g. htte, ar- 
 deiitissinius c, I'lin. 21, 4, 10: Virg. 
 See also brilliant ; and infr. (IV.). 
 IV. '" siK-'t" pill" ='-•'. "» y- terms (of 
 eulogy) : P h r. he xpoke in most g. 
 terms of my consulate, omatissirae de 
 meo consulatu locutus est, Cic. All. I, 
 14 4: cf. pleno ore lamtare, Cic. Off I, 
 18, 61; amplis.Nirae laudare, Plin. 18, }, 
 i, med. : to paint in g. koIouts, (insignl- 
 bns) verborum coloribus depingere, cf. 
 Gell. 14, I ; varie piiigere, Cic. Att i, 
 14.4. 
 
 glowingly : '" glotving language : 
 V. precf-d. art. (IV.). 
 
 glow-WOnn : cicindela, lampyris, 
 idis, /. ; the formt-r was the rustic 
 name, and the la'ter borrowed from the 
 Gk. : explained as stellan.s volatus, Plin. 
 18, 26, 66. (lampyris nootiluca, Linn.) 
 
 gloze : biandiur, adulor: v. to flat- 
 ter, FAWN. 
 
 glozing (idj) : blandil(5quus : PI. : 
 Sen. (trag): v. bland, flattkkisg. 
 
 f^lue (subs.): sliiten, Inis, n.; glu- 
 tiniini, i Varr. : Plin. 
 
 glue (w) •• glQtino, I : to g. sheets 
 of paper together, charias g , Plin. : 
 to g. together broken pieces </ glass, 
 vitri iragmenta g., Plin. Comps. agglu- 
 tino (to g. one thing to another), I'lin. : 
 Cels. ; conglutino (to g. tiigrthfr), chiefly 
 used fig., Varr. v. to .stick tcwkther. 
 (X.B. — The above may be used of any 
 kind of glutinous cement.) Phr. : he 
 has g.d lip to lip in five style, lalira 
 labris ferruminavit adnioduni, PI. Mil. 
 4. 8, 25. 
 
 glue-maker: glutinanns : Inscr. 
 
 gluer : gliitinator (— book-binder) : 
 Cic. Att. 4. 4. 
 
 gluey: glutinosus: v. r.nTixons. 
 
 glug : onomatop. word : glut, glut, 
 Vet. Poet, in Anthol. 
 
 glut i^-) •■ 1. e.xpleo, evi, etum, 2 : to 
 g oneself with long-wished-for carnage, 
 diu optata caede [se] ex.. Lis-, ji, 24. 
 ad fin. : Cic. : v. to satisfy. 2. 
 
 salio, saturo, i (stronger than preced., 
 to fill to satiety) : Cic. : v. to satiate. 
 3, pasco, } : V. to feast. Phr.: 
 tog. the corn-market, *vilitatem annonae 
 efficere (conip. foil, art.); satiatem fru- 
 menti facere, Sail. fr. in Non. 
 
 glut (subs.) : I. in gen. sense, 
 satias, satielas : v. satiett. ||. (fa 
 market : perh. vilitas : there followed 
 such a g. in the corn-market, tanta 
 vilitas rei fnimentariae cons<-ciita est, 
 Cic. Manll. 15, 44 : more precisely, 
 8;itias, Sail. fr. : v. preced art.^n. 
 
 glutinous : L glutincSsus : g. 
 
 resin, g. resina, Cel.s. : Col. 2. lentus 
 {tough, stringy) : cement more g. than 
 bird-lime, gluten visco leniius, Virg. G. 
 4. 41- 3. viscosns (like bird-lime): 
 
 join: mollis et viscosus. Pall. R. K. i, 
 14. (Viscidus, V. rare.) 4. tCnax 
 
 (dinging, like cement) : Virg : Plin. : 
 T. sticky. To become g., lentescere, j : 
 Tac Ger. 4;. 
 
 glutinousness : lenlor: g. of pitch, 
 1. picis, Plin. : who has also lentitia in 
 same sense. (Or expr. by circuml., 
 tenax s. glutinosa naiiira.') 
 
 glutton: 1. helui) orhelluo, onis, 
 m. ; afoul, impure g.. spurciis, inipurus 
 h., Cic. K I g. a perfect g. in Ixmks, h. 
 librorum, cf. Cic. Kin. ?, 2, 7. .loin: 
 gurges aique heluo; natus abdoniini 
 SBO. Cic. in Pis. !•;, 41. 2. lurco, onis, 
 TO. (a coarse word): l^naeiis in Suet. 
 Gr. 15: PI. 3. pOpino, onis, m. : 
 
 Hor. S. 2. "J, 59: cf. Suet. 1. c. A form 
 pSpinator also occurs, Macr. 4. gluto 
 or glutto, onis, m. ; Pers. 5. 11 2. 5. 
 homo giilosus v. glcttonocs. 
 
 glutton, to be a : heluor (helluor), 
 I : to play the g. on the open stage, in 
 exobtra h., Cic. prov. cons. 6,/in. Fig.: 
 
 to be a very g. in books, llbris h., Cic. 
 Fin. J, 2, 7. 
 
 gluttonous: 1. gulOsus: (A*j/<"'< 
 g. with their very eyes, oculis quixjue g. 
 sunt. Sen. .N. Q. j, 18, eztr.: Mart 2. 
 eda.x, acis (a milder term than preced.) : 
 V. voRACiocs. Phr : to tje a g. man, 
 venlri, gulae, popinae deditum esse : t, 
 oluttonv. 
 
 gluttonously : gulose ; Ool. : Ter. 
 
 gluttony : 1. beluatio (hell.) : Cic. 
 in Sen. 6, i j. 2. 6dacitas (voraciou*- 
 ness) : Cic. y. Fr. i, 9 : i'l. 3. expr. 
 by melon., gula, venter, ingluvies, gut- 
 tur. p6pina : a man of insatiable, dis- 
 gusting g., homo profuiidae, surdidae 
 gulae. Suet. Vlt. ij: to be auldicted to 
 g., gulae parere, Hor. S. 2, 7, 111: to 
 waste a jiatrimony by gambling or g., 
 nianu, ventre, bona patria lacerare, .Sail. 
 Cat. 14 : addictedness to g., ol)!«quium 
 ventris, Hor. S. 2, 7, 104: (V'ifllius) 
 notorious for g. and voracity, notabilis 
 ingluvie et voracitate, Eutr. : Hor. S. i, 
 2, 8 : an example of g., magni guiiuris 
 exemplum, .Juv. 2, 114 (cf. Cic. Coel. 19, 
 44, vitium ventris et gutturis) : for tlie 
 gratification of g., ad popinara. Sen. 
 N. y J, i%,extr. Phr.: to indulge in 
 g., heluari (v. glutton, to be) : no g. inr 
 debauchery, nulla conviviorum ac lus- 
 trorum libido, Cic. Coel. 19, 44. 
 
 gnarled : nodosus : v. knotty. 
 
 gnash : 1. frendeo, 2 ; frendo, j 
 (only in linperf. tenses; r<,p.part.): he 
 g.'d his teeth, frendebat dentibus, PI. 
 Capt. 4, 4, 5 ; also without ileniihus: 
 graviter frendens, Virg. O. 4, 452: J>iv. 
 2. infrendeo, 2 (strictly, to g. the 
 teeth at any one) : inf. alicui, Stat. Th. 
 8, 580: g.ing the teeth with a groan, 
 dentibus infrendens gemitu, Virg. Aen. 
 J, 664. 3 denlibus strideo or strido : 
 V. Tcj GRIND (11.1 and foil. art. 
 
 gnashing (subs.) : \, stridor den- 
 tium: Cels. 2, 7 : Vulg. Matt. viii. 12. 
 2, frendor (not class.) : Tert. 
 
 gnat : ciilex, icis, m. : I'l. ; Hor. : 
 Plin. 
 
 gnaw : rodo, si, sum, j : mice had 
 g.'d the shield, clipeos mures roserant, 
 Cic. : to g. the nails to the quick, vivos 
 ungues r., Hor. S. i, 10, 71 : Ov. Hence 
 comps. : arrodo, to g. a little, on the 
 edges (v. to nibble) : abrodo, to g. off, 
 PliiL : coiTodo, to g. all aver, Cic. : prae- 
 rodo, to g. off the end of any thing, Hor. 
 For fig. sense, v. to gaix, workv. 
 
 gnawing (adj.) .- mordax : g. cares, 
 m. sollicitudints, Hor. 
 
 gnawing (subs.) .- morsus. us : the 
 perpetual g. of anxiety, perp<tui curarum 
 morsus, Ov. PonL i, i, 7}: Cic.: v. 
 STING (fig). 
 
 gnome : I. ^ maxim (yv<aiJ.rj) : 
 
 gnome, es: Front. Ep. (pnre Latin, sen- 
 tentia) ; v. maxim. ||, A kind of 
 
 fairy, supposed to inhabit the centre of 
 the earth : in pi., di opertanei, Capell. 
 (5th cent.): v. fairy. 
 
 gnomic : gnomicus (y^'lJl^llK6<;) : term 
 used by mod. critics : Schneid. ad Theog. 
 A g. poet, gnomologus, ib. 
 
 gnomon : i- e. the index of a dial : 
 gnomon, onis, m. : Plin. 2, 72. 74: Vitr. 
 
 gnomonic : i- e. pertaining to dial- 
 ling : giidm5nicus, Vitr. (inotnouics, 
 as name of the art, gnomOnice, es, or 
 -a. -ae, X'itr. : Gell. 
 
 gnostic : piosticus : Aug. : Tert 
 
 gnosticism: 'gnosUcorum ratio, doc- 
 trina (by themselves called gnosis, Gr. 
 yviofTi^). 
 
 gnu : perh. leucrScota (var. spelt) : 
 I'lin. 8, 21, ?o (Antilope gnu, Cycl.). 
 
 go: I. Liit.: of -movement : \, fo, 
 ivi (ii), Ttum, 4 (most gen. term): ! am 
 going to the forum, eo ad forum, PI. : go 
 and be hanged, i in malam crucem I PI : 
 to go to bed, cubiium i., Cic. N.B. — Eo 
 is oft. used in pass, impers. (cf. L. G. 
 ^ 652): they go into an ancient wood, 
 itur in anttquara silvam, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 179; tell me uhilher to go, dicite qua 
 sit eundum, Ov. Tr. ?, I, 19. 2. vado, 
 si, sum, ? (esp. to go or make one's way 
 with violence) ■ v. to rush ; / am going 
 to-morrow to i'ompey early, ad Pom- 
 
 peium postridie mane vadebam, Cic. 
 I Att 4, 10, extr.: go, and report Utete 
 I comman'is to your king, vadite, et bae< 
 I regi niandata referte, Virg. Aen. 11, 176 
 j 3. meo, 1 (strictly, to go tu and 
 
 \fTO : rare in prose): to go this way and 
 thai, hue illuc m., lac. Ann. 4, 5 : cl 
 ib. i, 14, fin., quotieiis II. Augustum in 
 Occidenteni aique Orienieni meavisse 
 in Hor. Od. 1,4, I7 = 6iii)ply ir«>. 4_ 
 grailior, gi-essus, j (to pate, step ali/i-g) • 
 going side by ude, poriit-r gresti, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 6jj: to yo resolutely to one't 
 death, fidenti aninio g. ud mortem, Cic 
 5. prof iciscor, f«-ctus, J : v. to set 
 OCT. II. To drport ■ 1. abeo, 4, 
 irr. : he is gone, abiit, Cic. : v. 10 DE- 
 I'AKT. 2. vado, } . I.entulns is with 
 
 me to-day : he goes lo-mui row morning, 
 L. hodie apud me ; eras mane vadit, Cic 
 Att. 14, 1 1, £z(r. 3. prol iciscor, j: 
 
 v. TO SKT OUT. Ill, To turn out, issue, 
 well or ill : cedo, ssi, ssum, j : f aught 
 had gone ill with him, si male ce^s<-rat, 
 Hor. .S. 2. I, }l. Phr ■ as affaiis go, 
 ut nunc est, Hor. S. I, 9, 5: v. To go 
 ON. IV. To be sold or valued ■ cedo, 
 
 J : to go tu-o for one (of sheep), oinas 
 pro siniiulis c, Cato, K. R. 150; to g. 
 (be reckoned) for salary, c. pro stipendio, 
 Tac. G. 14. See also to rlckon. V. 
 To be current : Phr.: as the story goes, 
 ut feruiit, Cic N. D. j, 22, fin.; sicut 
 fertur, id. de Or. i, 11, 49: or the vrTt-s 
 fero, trado. prodo may be used without 
 a parenthesis : ( Vulcan) as the story 
 goes, u as master of a smithy in L- mnot, 
 qui Lemni fabricae prai-fiiiNS<> tr.ditiir, 
 Cic. N. D. }, 22, 5; : simly, wiih dicitiir, 
 ib. 18, 4; ; proditum est, ib. 2i, 59, etc: 
 
 v. TO KEl'OIiT. 
 
 go about: I. Lit: to make a 
 circuit : circumeo (circueo), 4, irr. : v. 
 TO GO ROUND. ||. To make efforts: 
 
 1, eo, 4, irr. (with sup.) : they go 
 about to deprive the good oj their re- 
 wards, bonorum praeniia erepium eunt. 
 Sail. Jag. 8;, ad fin. : Liv. 2. niolior, 
 4 (implying a diffcull task) : to go about 
 any thing with much labour, aliquid 
 cum multo lalx>re m., Cic N. I). 2, 2j, 
 59. Join: siruere et moliri, Cic. Clu. 
 
 64, init. : V. TO ATTEMPT. 
 
 abroaa ; peregre exec, abeo : 
 
 V. ABROAD. (Peregrinor is to b; living 
 abroad.) 
 
 - astray : 1. sto> 1 • to show 
 the road to one who goes a., emmti 
 mtnsirare viam, Cic. Vut fig. sense, y. 
 TO ERR. Simly, the comps., deerro, 
 aberro, which are used both lit. and fig. : 
 to go a. from the (right) road, ilinere 
 deerrare, CJiiint. 10, }, 29; in Itinere d., 
 Cic. in Lact. 6, 24, init. : to go a. from 
 the law of nature, a regula naiurae 
 aberrare, Cic Acail. 2, 46, 140 v. to 
 WANT)ER. 2. labor, psus, i (in fig. 
 sense) : v. TO erk. 
 
 - away : al)eo, discedo : V. TO db- 
 
 FAKT, LEAVE. 
 
 back: re<leo, reverter; pedem 
 
 rcffiro V. TO retlrn, fall back. 
 
 before : 1. antet-o. 4. irr. 
 
 (with dot. or arc. ; or alisol.) : lictort 
 go b. the praetors, lictores praetoribua 
 anteibant. Cic Agr. 2. 54. 91 : before 
 thee ever goes stem n'eessity, te semper 
 a. saeva necessitas, Hor. Od. i, )5. 17: 
 for absol. use, cf. Cic. 1 c. 2. praeeo. 
 4, irr. (with dot., or absol.) : the licttirt 
 should go b. tJie consuls, a>nsullbus He- 
 tores p'raeirent, Cic. Rep. 2. Jl. fin. : 
 absol., Varr. 5, 12 } 83, praetor qui 
 praeiret jure et e.vercitu. 3. attfi- 
 grfdlor, praegri'dior, ssu.s J (mostly in 
 fig. sense) : v. to n(tCKi«K. 4. «nt*- 
 cedo, ssi, ssum, ; (to go on ahead, in 
 advance of: foil, by acc„ or alsol.). 
 I'ompey had gone b. the legions. Pom- 
 peius ante<»-s.seritt Icglones, Oc .\tL 8, 
 9, extr.: for absol. u.m>, cf. Caes. B. C 
 
 I. ■!9- 
 
 behind: sabt^o, 4, in-, (rare in 
 
 this sensel : the moon haiing gone b. 
 the sun's disc, quum luna sub orbem 
 soils subiss'i. I.iv. J7, 4. 
 
 - beyond ; 1. egrfdior, sraa, J 
 (with ace: not so ;n C\c.). to go 0. 
 
 343
 
 GO BY 
 
 G O A 1. 
 
 GOD 
 
 the boundaries, fines e., Caes. B. 6. i, 
 44, 7»«(i. : Sail.: Li v. Fig.: a family 
 which had never gone b. the rank of 
 vraetor, familia nunquam praeturam 
 egressa, Tac. Ann. }, }o. 2. excedo, 
 
 i : V. TO EXCEED. 
 
 go by; I. Lit.: praetereo, prao- 
 lergredior : v. to pass bv. ||. Fig.: 
 to adhere to : sto, steti, statum, i : v. to 
 
 ABIDE BY. 
 
 down: descendo, degredior: v. 
 
 TO DESCEKD. See also to sink. 
 
 — for : arcesso, peto, j : v. to 
 petch. 
 
 forth : 1. exeo, 4, irr. : Cic. : 
 
 Liv. : V. TO depaet. 2. prodeo, 4, 
 irr.: to go f. to battle, ad proelium p., 
 Oaes. B. C. i, 86 : to gn f. to meet any 
 one, alicui obviam p., Cic. Mur. a, init. 
 (Exire is simply to quit a place ; prodire 
 to come Jorlh to view.) 3. egrgdior, 
 ssus, } (Jo come outside of a place, as 
 opp. to remaining within) : Caes. : Cic. : 
 V. TO ISSUE FORTH. 4. excedo, ssi, 
 ssum, i : to gof. from a temple, e. tem- 
 ple ex., Liv. 29, 19 : Cic. : v. to depart. 
 
 5. evado, si, sum, j (to make one's 
 way out : rare in this sense) : Sail. Jug. 
 
 56, fin. : V. TO GET OUT, ESCAPE. Q, 
 
 emigro, i (rare) : Cic. : v. to depakt. 
 
 — in or into: ingredior, ineo: v. 
 
 TO ENTER. 
 
 — off: I. To pass off: abeo, 4, 
 irr. : I ivas wondering uhether this 
 would go off' so, mirabar hoc si tsic abiret, 
 Ter. Andr. i, 2, 4: v. to issue, turn 
 OUT. II. To discharge itself, as a gun : 
 emitto, i (_pass. refl.) : v. to discharge. 
 
 on: I. Lit.: to go forward: 
 
 pergo, J : v. to i-roceed. jj. To take 
 place : 1, ago, egi, actum, i (in pass.) : 
 what is going on here, hie quae agantur, 
 Cic. Fam. i, 5 (b), init. : but ago in this 
 form very oft. ^ to be at issue, be en- 
 dangered. 2. fio. factus, fieri : all 
 things tliat are nouj going an or are 
 to be, omnia quae fiunt, quaeque futura 
 sunt, Cic. Div. 2, 7, 19 : my neighbours 
 see all tluxl goes on in my house, mihi 
 arbitri vicini sunt quid domi f., PI. 
 
 III. To succeed, prosper : 1. eo, 
 4, irr. : the matter begins to go on better 
 titan I had expected, iucipit res melius 
 ire quam putaram, Cic. Att. 14, 1 5. 2. 
 succedo. ssi, ssum, j : this matter is 
 going on famously, lepide hoc s. sub 
 manus negotium, PI. : Ter. : v. to suc- 
 ceed. P h r. : how are matters going 
 on (with you), quid agitur .' IVr. : Hor. 
 
 out; I. Lit.: exeo, egredior : 
 
 v. to go forth. II. Fig.: of a fire 
 or light : exstinguo, restinguo, xi, ctum, 
 } (in pass.) : v. to extinguish. 
 
 — over: I. Lit.: transeo, trans- 
 gredior : v. to cross over. ||. To 
 change sides ; 1, descisco, ivi, itum, 
 5 (implying a breach of fealty): Prae- 
 neste went 0. from the Latins to the 
 Jiomans P. ah Latinis ad Romanos de- 
 scivit, Liv.: Cic. Siuily, deficio, j : v. 
 to revolt. 2. transeo, 4, irr. (to 
 change sides, whether rightly or wrong- 
 ly) : to go 0. to the enemy, ad adversa- 
 ries tr., Cic. Verr. 2, i, 15, 40: Caes.: 
 absol., to go o. without being attacked, 
 illacessitum tr., Tac. Agr. 20, extr. 
 Fig.: of change of opinion : in senten- 
 tiam alicujus tr., Liv. J4, J4, init. 3. 
 transgredior, gressus, j (= preced.) : 
 / go o. to you, tr.msgredior ad vos, Tac. 
 H. 4, 66 : also foil, by in partes, Tac. 
 -A.gr. 7. Ill, Fig.: to t)aie»«e a sub- 
 ject : perciirro, j (in haste, cursorily) : 
 V. to bun through. 
 
 round : To make the circuit of: 
 
 1. circumeo or circueo, 4, irr. 
 
 (with ax:c.) : to go r. (atid visit) one's 
 estates, praedia c, Cic. Caec. }2, 94. 
 Ksp. to go r. soliciting votes : cf. Cic. 
 Att. 14, 21, circumlre veteranos, ut acta 
 Caesaris sancirent. A Iso fig., to go round 
 about in speaking, Tac. H. j, J7 . Quint. 
 2, ambio, 4 ; v. to canvass. 3. 
 6beo, 4, irr. : v. TO VISIT. 4. "To re- 
 volve : vertor, i v. to turn round. 
 
 — through: |, Lit.: i. obeo, 
 
 4, irr to go through many countries 
 on foot, multas regioues pedibus ob., 
 M4 
 
 Cic. 2. lustio, I : v. to traverse. 
 II. To caj-ry through to the end: 
 
 1. pertexo, ui, xtum, j : only go 
 through with wliat you have begun, per- 
 texe modo quod exorsus es, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 }},fin. 2. pertendo, di, sum and turn, 
 } : I see I cannot go through with this 
 as I began, video non licere ut coeperam 
 hoc p., Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 9 : to go through 
 with any thing vigorously, aliquid p. 
 naviter, Ter. Eun. 1, i, 6. 3. decurro, 
 curri and ciicurri, j (a circus metaplior) ; 
 to go through one's tasks, opera d., Lact. 
 I, 1, med.: cf. Cic Quint. 31, fin., acta 
 aetate decursaque: Prop. See also to 
 carry out, finish. 
 
 go to: I. Lit. : 1. adeo, 4, 
 
 irr. : is there any place to which I can 
 go, an qu>jquani me a. licet? Sail. : Cic. : 
 V. to visit. 2 p6to, ivi and ii, itum, 
 J (to direct one's course towards : with 
 ace): Cic: v. to make fob. Simly, 
 the comp. appeto (less freq.): Cic. 3. 
 accedo, ? : v. to api-roaoh : prof Iciscor, 
 i : V. TO SET out. II, To have re- 
 course to, enter upon : P h r. : to go to 
 law with any one, litem intendere ali- 
 cui, lege agere cum aliquo (v. law, 
 action) : to go to war with any one, 
 bellum alicui inferre, Cic. (v. war) : to 
 go to too great lengths in expenditure, 
 extra modum sumptu prodire, Cic. Off. 
 1, 19,140. 
 
 — to and fro : commeo, i : to go 
 to and fro between Veii and Rome (of 
 messengers), inter Veios Romamque c, 
 Liv, 5. 47, extr. : more fully, ultro 
 citroque c, Caes. B. G. 7, }6, extr. 
 
 — towards : peto, j : sfiquor, j : v. 
 
 TO MAKI-: FOR. 
 
 under ; 1. subeo, 4, irr. (with 
 
 ace.) ; to go a. a roof, tectum s., Caes. 
 B. G. I, j6. extr. : to go u. the yoke, 
 jugum s., Plin. 10, 45, 62. 2. suc- 
 cedo, ssi, ssum, } (with dat. : poet.) : to 
 go u. a roof, tecto s.. Ov. Met. 2. 766 : 
 Virg. : inCic. (.') I)om. 44,_/Jn., we should 
 prob. read, tectum quo succederet. 
 
 — up. or up to : 1. siibeo, 4, 
 I iri\ : with direct aix.=to ascend; with 
 I prep, ad, in, to go up to, approach : cf. 
 
 subire collem, Hirt. B. G. 8, i; ; ad 
 poitam castrorum s., Liv. 54, 16, med. 
 
 2. succedo, } : V. TO ASCEND. 
 
 — . to let : 1. dimitto, misi, 
 
 ssum, 5 (to allow to escape : esp. of per- 
 sons) : to let any one go free, allquem 
 inc'ilumem d., Caes. B. C. i, 18 : to let an 
 enemy go out of one's hands, hostes ex 
 manitjus d., ib. 1, 64: to let go the 
 standards in fear, signa ex metu d., ib. 
 ;, 69, extr. 2. Omitto, j (to drop 
 
 from one's hands ; esp. suddenly or 
 through fear) : let go the woman, oniitte 
 mulierem ! Ter. Ad. 2, I, 18: to let go 
 the reins, habenas o., Tac. H. i, 86. 3. 
 rfimitto, 5 (usti. to let go back) : to Ut 
 go the reins, frena r., Ov. Met. 2, 191. 
 See also to drop. 
 
 goad (subs.) : stimulus : to poke a 
 bullock with a g., juveucura stimtilo 
 lacessere, Col. 2, l,fin. ; poet iiicrepare, 
 Tib. I, I, JO: to kick against the g., 
 adversum s. calcaie, Ter. Ph. i, 2, 28. 
 
 goad ("•)•• I. Lit. : 1. e.vpr. by 
 stimulus and a verb : v. preced. art. 
 2. instigo, I : cf. Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 
 9 : and Plin. Ep. l, 7, fin. (which pas- 
 sages, though fig., imply the lit. use of 
 the word). ||. Fig.: to incite vio- 
 lently : 1. stimiilo, I : resentment for 
 wrong g.'d them on against Tarquin, 
 injuriae dolor in Tarquinium eos stimu- 
 lavit, Liv 1,40- v. to sting. 2. in- 
 stigo, I : )/ this fellow IS not mad enough 
 of himself, g. him on, si hie non insanit 
 satis suaspunte. instiga, Ter. Andr. 1. c. : 
 madness g.s their minds, mentes i. furor, 
 Sen. 3. incite, i : v. to iNCrrE, urge 
 on. 4. exaspgro, i : v. to exaspe- 
 RjVTe. P h r. : to g. a man on, alicui 
 stimules admevere, Cic. Sext. 5, 12. 
 
 goal : 1, meta {the turning post 
 in a Roman circus : v. Diet. Ant. s. v.) : 
 to go close to the g. u-ith the near tvheel, 
 stringere m. interiore reta, Ov. : cf. Her. 
 Od. I, I, init. . to reach the g., m. con- 
 tingere, Hor. Fig., the g. of death, m. 
 
 mortis, Virg. : Ov. 2. calx, cis, f. 
 
 (a chalk line marking tlte limits of the 
 race) : Esp. in fig. sense : to reach the 
 g., ad c. pervenire, Cic. Am. 27, loi ; 
 deciirrere, id. Tusc. i, 8, 15 . now I am, 
 in sight of the g., nunc video c, Cic. 
 Tusc. 1. c. 3. creta {= calx) ; to finish 
 the lawful course and reach the g., 
 peracto legitime cursu ad c. stare, Plin. 
 8, 42, 6;. 
 
 goat: 1. caper, pri, m. (Ae-g'oai) J 
 Virg.: Col. />»;., capra, a s/ie-p.: Cic: 
 the fern, fonn sometimes includes both 
 sexes : the g.s we bi eed sprang from ivild 
 g.s, caprae qiias alimus a capris feria 
 sunt ortae, Varr. 2, i,post init. Uimin., 
 capella (often = capra) . tlie he and the 
 she-g., caper, capella. Col. 7, 6, init 
 2, hi re us (a he-goat) : Varr. : Vir^ 
 Fig.; to denote a lustful man, PI.- 
 Cat. DImin., hirciilus. Cat. Adj., hir- 
 cinus, belonging to a he-g., Hor.: Plin. 
 3. (collectively) caprinum (capri- 
 genum, Virg. Aen. j, 221) pecus : Col. 
 7, 6, init. : simly, to form ajlock of g,s, 
 caprinum gregem instituere, Varr. 2, j. 
 init. A goat-stall, caprile, Van\ : Col.: 
 a7i ouner of g.s, caprarius, Varr. 2, j, 
 ad fin. 
 
 goat-footed : capripes, pgdis : Her. : 
 Prop. 
 
 goat-herd: 1. caprarius, Col. i, 
 10, ad fin.: Varr. 2. magister (pe- 
 corls caprini). Col. 7, 6,_/(n. 3. pastor 
 [caprarum]: v. shepherd. 
 
 goatish : i- e- rank, lustful : IlbidI 
 nosus : v. lustful. (Hircosus is smell- 
 ing like a he-goat : PI. . Mart.) 
 
 goats-beard: (a plant) tragopogon, 
 onis, /'. • Plin. 
 
 goatskin: pellis bircina [caprina]; 
 cf. Hor. S. 1,4, 19 
 
 goatsucker : caprimul^us : Plin. 
 
 goats-thyme : trag6riganum : Plio. 
 
 goats-thorn: tragacamlia: Plin. 
 
 goat-wort: tragion: Plin. 
 
 go-between (subs.)- 1. inter- 
 nuntius, /. -a: Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 56: PL 
 Mil. 4, I. J9. Join: internuntius et 
 minister [totius rei], Liv. ;j, j8, med. 
 (But the word is less colloq. than the 
 Eng. : cf. Cic. Phil, ij, 5, 12, where it 
 is used of tfm augurs.). 2. inierpres, 
 etis, c. (also less colloq. than the Eng.) ; 
 PI. Mi!. 4, I, 6 (cf. ib. 10, hoc negotii 
 clandestine ut agereni) : a g. for cor- 
 rupting a court, int judicii cerrumpendi, 
 Cic. Verr. Act. I, 12, extr. 3. con- 
 ciliator, /. -trix (one who brings people 
 together : sometimes in bad sense) : the 
 maid who acted as g., ancilla c. quae 
 fuit, PI. Mil. 5, 17: comp. conciliator 
 nuptiarum, Nep. Att. 12. 4. sgques 
 ter, tris (for bribery) : Cic. Verr. Act. 
 I, 12, extr. : cf. Cic. Gael, ij, init., adul- 
 ter, impudicus sequester : Irom which 
 it would seem that the word was also 
 used in another bad sense : Apul. has a 
 fern, sequestra (stupri). Met. 9, p. 187. 
 
 gobble (S-)' i.s. to snalloir greedily : 
 ebsorbee, psi, 2 : to gobble up cakes entire, 
 tolas ob. placentas, Hor. S. 2, 8, 24. 
 
 goblet : pociilum, scyphus • v. CUP. 
 
 goblin: larva (cf. Aug. Civ. D. 9, ll, 
 where the spirits of bad men are spoken 
 of as larvae or lemures) faith, this 
 woman is possessed of g.s, haec quidem 
 edepol larvarum plena est, PI. Am. 2, 2, 
 155: v. gho^t. In pi. Igmiires may be 
 used (v. supr.) : Hor. Ep. 2. 2, 209. 
 
 god : 1, deus : the immortal g.s, 
 dii or di immortales, Cic. : the g.s for- 
 bid, dii (di) meliora ! Cic. ; so may the 
 g.s help me, ila me di anient I Ter. . by 
 the g.s, per dees, Cic. : rwt n-itlutut the 
 help of the g.s, nun sine dis, Hor. (N.B. 
 — Deus must not be made to govern a 
 gen. case of that over which the deity 
 presides : v. infr. phr.). 2. divus 
 (chiefly poet, in this sense, except in 
 pi.) : whether it were g. or goddess, si d., 
 si diva esset. Vet. carm. in Liv. 7, 26, 
 med. : cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 8 : the gs often 
 declare their presence, praesentiam saepe 
 suam d. declarant, Cic. N.D. 2, 2, 6. 3. 
 niimen. v. deity. ni\ inity. 4. (in 
 pi.) : coelestes. ium ( tlie gods of heaven) : 
 Cic. 0£f. 3, 5, 25: Phil. 4, 4, 10: Uv.
 
 GO D-CH T L D 
 
 GOOD 
 
 GOOD 
 
 8!tnly. coellles. um (poet.) : Hor. ; coe- 
 Hcdlae, arum (um) : VirK. : Ov. 5. 
 EQperi, orum (opp. to inforl : poet. ■^= 
 preced.): favaurite of the gods above 
 and Mow, superis deorum gratus et 
 Imis. Hor. Od. i, lo, extr.: the g.s re- 
 gard mortal things, asplciunt .s mor- 
 talia, Ov. Met. ij. -jo. The correl. term 
 inferi, is used chiefly of the region of 
 the g.s below: v. inkkknat, (reKioiis). 
 6. ihousehoUl g.S) : p6nales, Lares : 
 V. HonsKHOi.D. I'hr.: the g. of nam, of 
 poets, of battles, etc., '(deus) nui liicro, 
 poetis, pugnis praeest (not deus lucri, 
 etc.). 
 
 god-child : *infans cut quis in bap- 
 tisms sponsor exstilit. 
 
 godrteSS : 1. dea, dat. pi. deabus : 
 Cic: Vlrg. : Hor. 2. d'^a (chiefly 
 poet, or in formulae) : g. vho rulest thy 
 favourite Antium (Fortune), d. gratum 
 quae regis Antium, Hor. Od. i. i$, t : 
 Liv : conip. GOD (2). 
 
 godfather: *sponsor. 
 
 godhead: deltas three persims in 
 one g., in tribus personis d. una, Prud. 
 Apoth. ■;<) (ed. Drcssel) : Aug. (But <^' 
 cepl in strictly iheol. lang., natura Dei 
 or some circuml. should be preferred.) 
 See also divinity ; and cf. Corp. Conf. 
 (Anglic). 
 
 godless : athens o)' itheSs, i : Ar- 
 iiob. }, 28 : Cic. (who uses the word 
 as applied to Diagoras, N. I). I, 2}, 6j, 
 but' more prob. as Gk.). See also im- 
 pion.s. 
 
 godlike: 1. divlnus: nothing in 
 mail more g. than reason, ratioue nihil 
 in homine divinins, Cic. : v. divine. 2. 
 dftis (poet.) : Virg. Aen. Ii, 657 : Lucr. 
 
 godliness: piStas (erga Deum). v. 
 
 1>IKTV. 
 
 godlr: pius, sanctus: v. pious. 
 
 godmother : *quae spondet infantis 
 loco. 
 
 godsend : i. e. a sudden and unex- 
 pectfd boon ((Jr. epii.aiov) : no exact 
 word. I'hr. : the army of Fabius, like 
 a very g., showed itself to succour them, 
 Fahiana se acies repente, velut coelo de- 
 mi-iaa ad auxiliuni ostendit, Liv. 22, 29: 
 your money vas a perfect g. to me. 
 *pecunia L>sta quasi divinilus mihi ob- 
 lata (esse) videbatur. Sometimes In 
 crum may serve: cf. Hor. Od. 1,9,15, 
 appone lucre. 
 
 godson: *puer cui quis sponsorem 
 se praebnll. 
 
 godwit : a plant : aegocephilus, i, 
 m. (.') : Plin. 
 
 goggle : chiefly in epith., goggle- 
 eyed, oculos eminentes habens, Ulp. 
 Dig. 21, I, 12. 
 
 going {suhs.) : 1. ttio (rare) : fre- 
 quent g.s, crebrae i., Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 2?; 
 Cic. 2. >l"s, fis, m. : our g., return- 
 ing, noster i., reditus, Cic. Att. 15, 5: 
 Suet. (More frequently espr. by verb: 
 
 v. TO GO.) 
 
 about: clrciUtio: v. going 
 
 ROUND. 
 
 across: transltus, transltio: 
 
 v. PASSAGE. 
 
 away; Sbltus, ibltio: V. DE- 
 PARTURE. 
 back : rSdltio, rSdltus : v. 
 
 BETURN. 
 
 before; antfcessio, CMc. 
 
 forth or out : 1. exltus ! 
 
 V. EGRFSS, DEPABTCKE. 2. exitio 
 
 (rare): PI. 
 
 in: ingressus, ingressio: v. 
 
 ENTRANCE. 
 
 to oT towards : accessio, ac- 
 
 CeSSUS: V. ATPROACH. 
 
 round : 1. circGitio (cir- 
 
 cumitio) : the duty of g. round (" Vie 
 rounds ") belonged to the aedihs of the 
 plebs, c aedilium plebei eral, Liv.' j. 6, 
 Jin. Fig.: uhat need is there of g. 
 round aJbcrut the matter (in speech), quid 
 opus est c. fel anfractu], Cic. DIv 2, 61, 
 fin. 2, lustrfitlo {the cut of traver- 
 ting): C!lc. Ph. 2, 2J, 57, where it is 
 Joined with peragratio (ilinerum). 
 
 goitre' PhT. to hai-e the .(7., gut- 
 tnrosum esse: v. foil. art. (Broncho- 
 eele M L.^. 
 
 goitrous, goitred : guttcirosus ■ 
 Ulp. J'ig. 21, I, 12. 
 
 gold: aurum : Cic: Virg.: virgin 
 g.. a. vivuni s. apyron, Plin. j;, i;, 50. 
 Pro v.: to prfnnise mountains of g., 
 monies auri p<jllicerl, Ter. Ph. i, 2, 18; 
 hence (a), of vessels of g. .- to take a 
 hearty draught from a vessel of g., pleno 
 se pioUierc a., Virg. Aen. I, 7}'): (b). 
 of money in general : see, J bese^i, that 
 there is no deficierwy in the g.. vide 
 quae.so ne qua lacuna sit in a., Cic. Att. 
 12, 6, init. : (c). of the hue of g. : a 
 snake distinguished for a crest of g., 
 anguis cristis praesignis et auro, Ov. 
 Met. }, }2. 
 
 gold, of gold ('"0 ) •• ■«'• GOLDEN. 
 
 gold, ornamented with: 1. 
 
 auratus : gannvnts adorned u-ith g., a. 
 vestes, Ov. ; Lucr. : Cic. : v. gilded. 
 2. aureus (strictly, nuule of gold) : 
 Virg. 
 
 gold-beater : bractfiator, bractSa- 
 riiis: Kirinic. 
 
 gold-bringing or producing : au- 
 
 rifer, era. i^rum ; Plin. 
 
 gold-dust: iKiUux, ucis, /., Plin. a, 
 4, 21 (quod minutum est ballucem vo- 
 cant). 
 
 golden, of gold : aureus : a g. bowl, 
 a. patira, PI. : g. images, a. simulacra, 
 Lucr. Fig. : (a), of golden hue: the g. 
 light of tlic sun, a. luniina soils, Lucr. : 
 the g. moon, a. luna, Ov. : (6). precious 
 as gold : g. uvrds, a. dicta, Lucr. ?. I2 : 
 the g. mean, a. mediocritas, Hor. Od. i, 
 10, 5: the g. age, a. aeias, Ov. Met. 
 I, 89. 
 
 gold-finch : lardnells. Is, /. : Plin. 
 (fringilla caicliK'lls, Linn.). 
 
 gold-finder : aurilegulus : Cod. 
 Theod. 
 
 gold-fish: perh. hippiirus: Plin. 8, 
 16, 24 rcorvpliaena hippnrus, Linn.). 
 
 gold-leaf : 1. braciea (auri) : 
 
 Lucr. 4, 729. IHmin., bracte61a, thin 
 leaf, .Juv. 15, 1 52 : to beat g.-leaf, brac- 
 teolam ducere, .Jnv I. c. 2. lamina 
 (sync lamna) auri: cf. Plin. J{, 9, 4;. 
 Covered nith g.-leaf, bracteatus ; v. 
 plati:d. 
 
 gold-mine : 1. aurifOdina : Plin. 
 jj, 4, 21. ./in. 2. auraria (sc. fodina) : 
 Tac. Ann. 6, 19. 
 
 gold-refiner: anrlcoctor: Inscr. in 
 Murat. (F.). 
 
 gold-smith : 1. aurlfex, Tcis, m. : 
 PI. : Cio. 2. auraiius, Inscr. in Gnit. 
 (!•'.). .1 g.-smilh's ux>rki-hop, aurilicina. 
 Gloss. (F"). 
 
 gold-thread or wire : *aureum 
 filuin. 
 
 gondola: 'navlcula praelonga quae 
 gondola dicitnr. 
 
 gondolier : nauta : v. boatman. 
 
 gong: *in»trumentum horrendi soni- 
 tus quae gonga dicitur. 
 
 gonorrhoea : gonorrhoea : Firmic 
 
 good (adj.) : I, In ord. sense : 1. 
 bonus (in most senses) : (a), of any- 
 thing good in its kind : a g. house, aedes 
 b., PI., a g. pen, b. calamus, Cic. : a g. 
 voice, b. vox. Quint.: (''). answering 
 a certain end : foil, by ad and ace. or 
 dat. : what (the soil) is g. for, ad quam 
 rem bona sit, Varr. R. R. 1, 9. init.: 
 mountain territory g.for rearing cattle, 
 mons pecori b. alendo, Liv. 29, Ji : 
 Virg. • (c). auspicious, prosperous : g. 
 nords (qjf g. omen), b. verba, Tib. 2, 2, 
 I: g. fortune, bonae res, Cic. Att. 12, 
 21, 5 -.'g. health, b. valeiudo, Cic. Off. 2, 
 25, 88 : (d). of honourable rank : a 
 woman of g. family, mulier b. genere 
 nata, PI. ; bonis prognata, Ter. : v. HO- 
 Inoukable: («). considerable (q. V ): a 
 I g part of mankind, b. pars hominum, 
 ' Hor. S. 'i, I, 61 • Cic: (/). in moral 
 '. sense : a. nien hate to sin from love of 
 virtue, bimi odcrunt peccare virtutis 
 I amore, Hor. Ep. i, 16. 52 cf. Cic. Tusc. 
 I 5, 10, 28 (but in Cic. boni viri oft. means 
 simply respectable men, or those belong- 
 I 17!^ to the optimates: cf. Cic. Att 8, i, 
 Imnorum, Id est, lantonim et Ux'uple- 
 tium) (ff). genuine ; g money, b. 
 numi ("Pp. to ailnlterini), Cic. Off. j. 2j, 
 91. 2. probns. (a), desirable: good 
 
 in its kind : g. timber, a g. carpenter, 
 p. materies, p. falier, I'L Poen. 4. 2, 9J 
 a g. ship, p. navlgium, Cic. Acad, i, ji, 
 100 • more freq., (6). in moral sf-nse 
 V. HIINK.ST, UPRIGHT. Join, pruboa, 
 bene moratus, bonus vir.CMc de Or. 2, 4} 
 extr. : (t). genuine : the money uxu not 
 g., p. argi-ntum non esse, Liv. }2, 2, init. 
 II. In medicine : efficacious L 
 
 silutarib, e : the decoction is g. ftr 
 totjtk-ache, dentium dolori decoctum eo- 
 rum 8. est, Plin. 2}, 9, 42 : v. whole- 
 some. 2. efficax : (a herb) g. for 
 runnings at tlie eyes, ociilorum fluxionl- 
 bns ef., Plin. 27, 9, 50: alsu foil, by 
 ad versus, conira, wiib ace. ; in and abf, 
 Plin. 3. singularis, e (same constr. 
 as preced.): I'lin. v. spi-x'ific. ILsp, 
 with to be: (I), facio, } (with ad or 
 dat.) : to be g. for dysury, f. ad dlflScul- 
 talem urinae, Plin. 22, 18, 21 . (o 6e 
 exceedingly g. for colic, coeliacis prae- 
 dare f., ib. 19. 22. (2j. prosum, irr. 
 (with dat. or prep.) : to be g. for the 
 voice, vocl p., Plin. : to t>e g. for eryti- 
 p>;las, contra ignem sacrum p., PUn. 20, 
 !• T-5- III, Cimsid^rahle : esp. in phr, 
 a g. many, aliquam multi (rare), Cic 
 Verr. 4, 2;, 56: Gell.: aliquot, plerique, 
 complures (v. some, skvf.ral) : a g 
 deal, aliquantum (with gen,), an aliquai>- 
 tum agri, Cic. ; also used adverb., as Uie 
 speech affected the ambassadi/rs a g. 
 deal, movit aliquantum oratio legatos, 
 Liv. J9, 29, init. ; before a compar., 
 usu. aliquanto, a g. deal M<er,aliquaulo 
 melius, Cic de Or. 2. 24, lo) : Liv. (but 
 aliquantum avidior, Ter. Kun. I. 2,5; 
 aliquantum aniplior, Liv. i, •)) a g 
 many Urn's, aliquolies: Cic: Liv. a 
 g. while, aliquam diu (or as one word), 
 Cic Acad, i, }. 12: Nep. Con. 5. abo 
 aliquantisper. Just. 42. 4, 8 (but ihls 
 word usu. denotes a shorter pei-iod nf 
 time) : for a g. way (distance), aliqua- 
 tenus, Mela (who also uses aliquam dm 
 of space, 2, 5. med.). M i s c e 1 1. 1' h r. : 
 g. for nothing (v. full, art.): g. day to 
 you, young man ' and a very g. day to 
 you, young woman, salve tu adolescens! 
 et tu multum salvetoadolescentula! PL 
 Rud. 2.4.}: Ter. : g. bye, vale, ave ' (v. 
 fabkwei.l): be so (/., amabo (parenthe- 
 tiailly), I'er. Kun. 1, 2, 70; also amabo 
 te, Cic. Att. 2, 2, cura, amabo te, Cicert>- 
 nem nostrum ; you are a g. fellow, 
 Syi-us, deamo te, Syre ! Ter. Heaut. 4, 
 6, 21 : to enjoy very g. health, perpros- 
 pera valetudine uti. Suet. CI. Ji . it if 
 a g. plan to profit by the expeiience <4 
 others, sciiuni et-t periculum ex allis 
 facere, libi quod ex usu fiat, ler. Heaut. 
 
 1. 2, j6: / Aoiv been as g. as my word, 
 dictum ac factnin reddidl. ib. 4, 5, 12. 
 
 good-for-nothing: nequam:/«Ai» 
 g.jor nothing unites Jresh, piscis n. est, 
 nisi recena, I'l. .As. i, }, 26. Ksp. in 
 moral sense : Join: mains nequam- 
 que, PI. As. 2, 2, 39 : Cic. P b r. : to be 
 a g. for nothing Jellow, nihil honiInU 
 esse, "Cic Tusc l,"}2, 77: in sim. sense. 
 (homo) nihili, Varr. 10, > ij 81 . to be g, 
 for r!Ot/ii»(/, nulll rei es»e, Gell. U, Jo, 
 'med.: he has g. for nothing Jriendt, 
 amicos habet meras nugas, Cic AtL 
 6, i, med. 
 
 gOoA (Subs.) : \, Advantage L 
 commodum. Cic: v. adxantage (2). 
 2. b(:)num . the public g., b. publi- 
 cum. Sail. Cat. j8 . for fhose y. was it f 
 cui l>ono fuit.> Cass. Pedlunus in CIc R. 
 Am. }o, 84: to turn loss to j;..detilinen- 
 tuin in bonum vertere. Caess. 3. 
 salus. utis, /. : v. wklfabk. 4. At'* 
 \\las(expedi'^cy,int'-rett): tf.oiigh there 
 be vo {tangibtejg. denivd from friend- 
 ship, etiani si nulla sit u. ex lunlcitia, 
 Cic Fin. i, 20, 69. 5. res. rCl. /. (la 
 ceriain phr.): what is for your g. (m- 
 terest), quae In rem tuam sint, Ter. Ph. 
 
 2, 4, 9: to be of no g., (good for no- 
 thing\ nulll rel esse, GelL U, io. nud. 
 
 6. for the g of may be expr. by 
 dat. alone: to gix'e up on^s resent mnd 
 for theg. of the State, [studimn et] ira- 
 cundiam suam relpublicae dlmitiere; 
 Caes. B. C. 1. Z ■ he is both a father 
 ana a husband Jar his country's a*
 
 GOOD, TO DO 
 
 GORMANDIZE 
 
 G O U T y 
 
 nrbi pater est, urbique maritus, Lucan : 
 cf. L. G. ^ 288. f'hr. : to consult any 
 one's ^..alicui consulere, Cic. (v. to con- 
 sult, ill.). II, In phil. sense, as 
 opp. to an evil : bonum : there are 
 three kinds of g.s, tria bouorum genera 
 sunt, Cic. Tusc. ;, jo, 8; : the chief g., 
 Bummum b., Cic. Fin. 5, 6, init. |||. 
 In pi. only : ^= effects, properti/ .- bona, 
 orum : to seU any one's g.s, alicnjiis b. 
 vendere, Liv. 4, i?, extr.: v. property. 
 P h r. : / carry all my p.s about with 
 me, omnia mea mecnm pono, Cic. : 
 stolen g.s, furta, Cic. Verr. 2, 70, i^i ; 
 res furiivae, Quint. 5, n. 49: a bad 
 piece of g.s (coUoq.), mala merx, PI. 
 Cist. 4, 2, 61. 
 
 good, to do : prosum, irr. (with dot.) : 
 to do g. to the greatest possible number, 
 pr. quam pluriniis, Cic. : al.so absol., to 
 do g. or to amuse, aut pr. aut delec- 
 tare, Hor. A. P. }s;. See also good, 
 adj. (II.). 
 
 to make : 1. sarcio, si, tum, 
 
 4 (lit. to patch) .- to make g. the losses of 
 the soldiers, damna niilitum s., Liv. 9, 
 2 ?, med. : simly, detrimentum 3., Caes. 
 B. G. 6, I : Cic. 2. resarcio, 4 : Suet. 
 01. 6 (in Cic. Fam. i, 9, j, the true read- 
 ing is prob. sarcieniiis). 3. restituo, 
 J : V. to bestorb. 
 
 food (as interj.) : \, ben6 : very 
 bene sane ! Ter. Andr. 5, 2, 7 : Cic. 
 de Or. }, j6, init. 2. praeclare . v. 
 Cic. I.e. 3. eugg; v. wkix-done. 
 4, sfiphos (<ro(|)w«, a compltmentary 
 expr. used bv persons listening to reci- 
 tations) : g. '. we all exclaim, sophos ! 
 univer^i cUimamus, I'etr. 40, init. : Mart. 
 
 good-breeding : 1. humanitas 
 
 {refinement, good feeling) : Cic. Phil. 2, 
 
 4, im't. : V. REFIKEMENT. 2. comitas: 
 
 V. COUBTEST. 
 
 good-fellowship : Jiicuuditas, co- 
 mitas : V. PLEASANTNESS, AMIABILITY. 
 
 good-for-nothing: v. supr. (post 
 GOOD, a<y.). 
 Good-Friday : *dies paschalis : V. 
 
 EASTER. 
 
 good-humour : comitas, facllitas : 
 
 V. COURTESY, GOOD-NATURE. 
 
 good-humoured : festivus : Ter. Ad. 
 
 5, 9, 29 : see also good-natuked. 
 good-humouredly : 1. festive : 
 
 6ell. ID, 15, extr. 2. jucunde: v. 
 
 PLEASANTLY, COURTEOUSLY. 
 
 good-looking {adj) •• spgciosus : a 
 g. woman, s. femina. Quint. 5, 10, 47 : 
 Petr. 41. 
 
 goodly : pulcher, vgnustus : v. hand- 
 some. 
 
 good-nature : 1. faciiitas : my 
 excessive g., niea f. multa, Ter. Heaut. 
 4, I, j;: misguided g., f. prava. Ter. 
 Ad. 2, }, i^ : to abuse any one's g., ali- 
 cu.lus f. abutl, Cic. Fam. :2, i, fin. 
 Join: faciiitas et humanitas, Cic. Fam. 
 I ?. 24- 2. comitas : out of sheer g., 
 per c, PI. Trin. 2, 2. ;6 : v. courtesy. 
 (Comitas is a naturally free and kindly 
 disposition; faciiitas, an easy, yielding 
 temper.) 3. suavltas Cio. : v. amia- 
 bility. 4. himamtas (^refined, kindly 
 feeling). Join: singularis humanitas 
 suavis.^imique mores, Cic. Alt. 16, 16 
 (A). 5. humanum ingenium: Ter. 
 Andr. i, i, 86. 
 
 good-natured : 1. fadlis, e : the 
 g. and generous father, f. et liberalls 
 pater, Cic. N. D. j, 79, 7?. Join: faci- 
 iis et festivus. Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 29 ; comis, 
 benignus, facilis, suavis, Cir. Bal. 16, ;6. 
 2. comis, e: v. obliging, courte- 
 ous. (For syn. v. preced. art., 2). 3. 
 b6nignus: v. kind. 4. leni ingenio 
 (abl. of quality) : Ter. Heaut. 1, i, 99. 
 
 goodnaturedly : benigne, comiter: 
 V. kindly, courteously. 
 
 goodness : I. Excellence : \, 
 bOnitas : g. of lands, b. agrorum, Cic. ; 
 of ivine, vini, PI.; of voice, vocis, Cic. 
 In moral sense : honour, justice, g., fides, 
 justltia, b., Cic. 2. pr6bitas: v integ- 
 rity. 3. virtus : V. excellence (I.). 
 II. Kindness : b£nignitas, bdnitas : 
 V. kindness. 
 
 good-temr'er : perh. lene, mite in- 
 genium : v. foil, art 
 
 i4> 
 
 good-tempered : 1. mitis, e 
 
 {mild; not easily ruffled): J never wit- 
 nessed more g.-tempered conduct,, nihil 
 tarn vidi m., [nihil tarn placatum], Cic. 
 Att. 5, I, med. : a g.-trmpered, quiet 
 man, m. tranquillusque homo, PI. True. 
 4, X, 1: V. MILD. 2. 'enis (gentle, 
 easy) : nothing could be more g.-tem- 
 pered than my brother, nihil meo fratre 
 lenius. Cic. 1. c.fin. 
 
 good-temperedly : Jiicunde, suavi- 
 
 ter: V. PLEASANTLY, AMIABLY. 
 
 good- will : 1. benevSlentia : 
 
 (Caesar's) g. towards the Aedui, b. in 
 Aeduiis, Caes. B. G. 7, 4J : to gain 
 (people's) g., b. comparare, Cic. Off. 2, 
 i;, 54; conciliare, id. de Or. 2, 4J, 182 ; 
 adjungere, id. Mur. 20, init. (v. to gain) : 
 to try to do SO, h. consectari, Cic. Off. 2, 
 15.;?- 2. gratia: v. favour. 3. 
 aequanimitas (candid and kindly feel- 
 ing): Ter. Ad. prol. fin. 4. stii- 
 dium (a warm feeling of devotion to) : 
 Join: stadium et favor, Cic. R. Com. 
 10, 29. 5. venia (bona) : v. leave, 
 indulgence. Full of g., benevolus, 
 benevolens (the latter in good authors 
 only in comp. and sup.) ; studiosus : v. 
 well-wishing, devoted. 
 
 goods: V. good, subs. (III.). 
 
 goose : anser, eris, m. ; Cic. : Liv. : 
 a flock of geese, grex anserum, Varr. j, 
 10, init. : male, female, geese, (anseres) 
 mares, feminae. Col. 8, ij.fin.: if an 
 adj. is to be attached to (an^er) femina, 
 the fem. must be used : comp. pariturae. 
 Pall. I , JO, med. Adj. anserinus, of or 
 belonging to geese : Col. : Plin. 
 
 gooseberry : ^rlbes grossularla 
 (Linn.) : the fruit, baca (gen. term) 
 v. frdit. 
 
 goosequill : penna ansgrina : v. 
 goose (fin.). 
 
 gordian-knot : (Gordli) nexus, no- 
 dus : cf. Curt. }, I, med. 
 
 gore (subs.): 1. cruor, oris, m. 
 (strictly, blood actually shed) : arms, 
 corpses, arut g., arma. cadavera, c, Sail. 
 Cat. 51, med. : V,rg. : v. blood. 2. 
 sanies, ei (esp. purulent g., as from an 
 ulcer): everything wets polluted viilh 
 the g. and stench, poUui cuncta sanie, 
 odore, Tac. Ann. 4, 49. To cover with 
 g., cruentare, Nep. : civ. 
 
 gore ("•) •• confodio, fodi, ssum, j 
 (with cornibus): Phaedr. i, 21,7. See 
 also to pierce. 
 
 gorge (subs.) : I. The throat : 
 
 fauces, ium, /. : v. throat. Phr. : 
 "my g. rise^ at it" (Shaks.), [magna] 
 movet stomacho fastidia, Hor. S. 2, 4, 
 78. II, yl (fc^Ie; angustiae, fauces; v. 
 pass, defile. Ill, In architecture ; 
 the narrowest part of a capital, cjTua- 
 tion or -urn : Vitr. j, 5 (j), 7. 
 
 gorge(i'.).' ingurglto, i (with ^ron. 
 refl.) : Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 2}. See also to 
 fatten, stuff. 
 
 gorgeous: 1. spgciosus (malHng 
 a good appearance) : g iji house or equi- 
 page, domo, paiatvi speciosus, Tac. Ann. 
 J, !5 (but the word is less strong than 
 the Kng., and is always an eplth. of 
 praise) : cf. Hor. A. P. 144, speciosa 
 miracula, of the brilliant marvels of the 
 Ody.-^sey. 2. magnlficus ; cf. Nep. 
 Att. I}, elegans, iion magnificus; splen- 
 didus, not! sumptuosus : Sail. Cat. 9, in 
 suppliciis deonim magnitici ; domi 
 parci . v. magnificent. 3. lautus : 
 
 v. SPLENDID. 
 
 gorgeously : magnjflce, laute : V. 
 
 MAGNIFICENTLY, SPLENDIDLY. 
 
 gorgeousness : magnificentia, lautl- 
 
 tia: V. MAGNIFICENCE. 
 
 gorget : i. e. a piece of armour for 
 the neck (not worn by the ancients) : 
 perh. *fau(ium integumentum ; coUare 
 (used of a dog's collar). 
 
 gorgon ■ Gorgon or Gorgo, onis, /. : 
 Cic. 
 
 gormandize : 1. heiuor, t (heii-) : 
 Cic. ; V. glutton. 2. pSpinor, i : 
 Treb. xxx Tyr. 29. 3. farcio, si, tum. 
 4 (with pron. refl.): Sen. Ep. 108, 15 
 V. TO stuff. Other phr. are, replere se 
 cibo, satiari cibo (both less strong than 
 the Eng. : v. to sati.sfy); cibo [epulis] 
 
 se obruere, cf. Nep. IMon, 4; ventrem 
 onerare, Sail. Or. ; mgurgitare se cibo, 
 
 Cic. : V. TO GORGE, FEAST. 
 
 gormandizer: hcluo, p5pino: ▼. 
 glutton. 
 
 gormandizing (subs.) .- heluatio : 
 Cic: V. gluttony. 
 
 gorse : *ulex Europaeus : Linn. 
 
 gory : 1. cruentus : a g. sword, 
 c. gladius, Quint. : a g. corpse, c. cada- 
 ver, Cic. Fig.: g. Mars, c. Mars. Hor. : 
 V. blood-stained. 2. cruentatus 
 
 (strictly part, of cruento, that has just 
 been stained with gore) : a g. sword, c, 
 gladius, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14 To make g., 
 cruentare, e. g., nianus [sanguine], Nep. 
 Epam. 10, fin. : Ov. 
 
 goshawk: v. hawk. 
 
 gosling : anserculus, Col. 
 
 gospel : evangelium : Vulg. To 
 preach the i!., evangelizo, i : Aug. A 
 preacher if the G., evaiigelizator, Tert. 
 
 gossamer; peih. aianea: cf. Lucr. 
 4, 728: tenui.-simum tilum s. stamen: 
 cf. Ov. Met, 4. 179. 
 
 gossip (^"''«-) : I, Idle talk: 1, 
 rumor (esp. in pi.) : a matter which had 
 become public g., res volgi nimoribus 
 exagitata, Sail. Cat. 29: Tac. Ann. j, 9: 
 the g. of strict old fogies, rumores se- 
 num severiorum, Cat. 5, 2. Dimin., ru- 
 musculi, Cic. (who uses it contemptu- 
 ously ot petty notoriety : Leg. ?, 16, j,). 
 2, serrao, onis, »n. (con versation of 
 any kind : q. v.) . the current g. of the 
 town, pervagatus civitatis s., Cic. Mil. 
 1 2, 5 J : it has become the g. of all Asia, s. 
 est tota Asia dissipatus, Cic. Fl. 6, 14 : to 
 be matter of g., esse in sermone. Sen. Ep. 
 95, 26. (N.B. Not fabulatio or conla- 
 bulatio which have no good authority.) 
 See also To gossip. ||. A talkative 
 person : 1, (homo) garriilus : shun 
 the inquisitive man ; for he is a g. too, 
 percontatorem fugito; nam g. idem est. 
 Hor. Ep. I, 18, 69: that g. of a woman, 
 gaiTula ilia, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 14, 2. 
 (huniu) loquax : v. talkative. 3. 
 famigerator (rare) : PI. Trin. 1, 2, 178. 
 4. garritor (rare): Amm. 22, 9, 
 med. 5. lucutiileius, blatfiro, lingu- 
 laca : Gell. i, i^,Jin. 
 
 gossip (f.) •■ 1. garrio, 4 (to talk 
 idly) : to g. about all sorts of things, vario 
 sermone g., Petr. 5;, init. : Cic. : v to 
 PRATE. 2, expr. by sermo and a 
 verb : sermones caedere (to chat), Ter. 
 Heaut. 2, i, I : to g. the day away, 
 diem sermone terere, PI. Trin. j, j, 
 68 : v. TO convekse. 3. effiitlo, iiuiu, 
 4 (to blab out) : to g. of anything oat 
 of doors, aliquid foris ef., Ter. Ph. 5, 
 1,19- 
 
 gossiping (adj.) : garriilus : v. gos- 
 sip (11.). 
 
 Goth : G6thus : esp. in pi., Qothi, 
 orum : Auson. 
 
 Gothic : G6thicus : TrebeU. The 
 G. style of architecture, *architecturae 
 Gothicum, quod dici;:jr, genus. 
 
 gouge (»■) •• Phr.: to g. out a per- 
 son's eyes, oculos alicui eruere, Suet. 
 Ner. 5. 
 
 gourd : cicurblta : Plin. Dimin., 
 cucurbitula (a smaller species) : Scrlb. 
 
 gourmand : (homo) guiosus : v. 
 
 GLUTTON. 
 
 gourmet : i- <'■ an exquisite in eat- 
 ing : Phr.: refined g.s, docta et eru- 
 dita palata (melon.), Col. 8, i6, med.; 
 subtiliori gula homines, cf. Col. 1. c. : the 
 stomachs of our g.s, ventres delica- 
 torum. Sen. Q. N. ), 18, }. See also 
 
 GASTRONOMY. 
 
 gout: 1. artlciilorum dolor: Cic 
 Att. 1. 5, fin. (where the pi. refers to 
 the fits of pain) : Cels. 4, 22. 2. 
 morbus articiilaris • Plin. 20, 17, •]}, 
 fin. 3. arthritis, idis, /. (Gr. ip- 
 SpiTt?) : Vitr. 4. (g. in the feet) 
 podagra : to fee tortured with g. in the 
 feet, doloribus podagrae cruciari, Cic. : 
 the tedious g.. tarda p., Hor. S. 1,9, }2: 
 Cels. 1. c. 5. (in the hands) chiragra : 
 Cels. 1. c. : Hor. : Mart. Phr.: to be 
 suffering from g. in the feet, pedibns 
 laborare, Cic. Fam. 9, 2}. 
 
 gouty : 1. arthriticus (most gen.
 
 G O V E It N 
 
 r. RACE 
 
 G R A C E F U L 
 
 term) : a g. cook, a. coquus, Cic. Kaiii 
 9, 2J (.whiTe gout in the feet is meant). 
 2. podagricus. chiiagricus (Itaoing 
 gout in thr it-tt or in the haiidi) : Gels. 
 4, 24, itiit. (al. leg., in podagrls chirag- 
 risve ; male). 
 
 govern: 1. ImpCro. i (<o izern'se 
 aiUhoriti/ over: with dxU.) : to g. the 
 whole nf Sumidia, umiil .Niimicliae i., 
 Sail.: to g. (/He's ckildieii, libiiis i., 
 Ter. : tc g. oneself is the greatest gooern- 
 vunt, i. sibi ma.ximum im|>(iium est, 
 Sen.: tog one's passings, i:u)n<iUtti\>ms 
 i., Cic. 2. impetiti), i (frequent. i<f 
 foregoing; and denoting the continued 
 exercise of power) : l>ecanse t)fy con- 
 sidered thai the,!/ had been g.'d luiughtUy 
 and exactingly, quod superbe avareque 
 crederent iniperiialum sibi esse, Llv. 21, 
 I : Sail. : Tac. 3. regC reKn^ '■ v. to 
 RULE. 4. gubcrno, i (properly, to 
 steer: hence, to guide and control: with 
 ace.) : Sulla g.'d the whole world, S. 
 orbem terrarum giilx-rnavit.Cic. K. Am. 
 4;, i}i- Join: gubernare et regere 
 [civitates], Cic. Kep. 2, 9. 5. nio- 
 dfiror (ni6d6ro), i (to set limits to : with 
 dot., and in the strict sense of to gocrm, 
 the ace): to g. one's tongue, Imguac 
 moderari, I'l. : the deitij irho ruhs ami 
 g.s and moves that body, deus qui regit 
 et moderatur et movet Id corpus, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 24 I, the act. form is rare) : v. to 
 CONTROi,. 6. dominor, i (to have do- 
 minifm) : Caes. : Cic. : v. to dominatk. 
 ?. caro, I (to attend to the adminis- 
 tration of a province): to g. Achaia, 
 Achaiam r..Tac. Ann. 5, 10. 8. '«ni- 
 pfero. i: V. TO rkgclate. (M.B.— The 
 pass, may be expr. by pareo, 2, to be 
 subject to: with dot.: formerly they 
 icere g.'d by kings, olim regibus pare- 
 bant, Tac. : Just. : v. TO obky ; be sub- 
 ject to.) To govern, in pram, sense, is 
 best expr. by Jungi, construi ; not regere. 
 
 governance: \'- government (l.). 
 
 governess : I. -^ female Uacher : 
 magislra : v. mi.stress, teacher. ||. 
 A female attendant of children : pae- 
 dagoga: Hier 
 
 government: I. The Mt or func- 
 tion : 1. most freq. e.xpr. by verb : 
 experienced in the g. of a state, perlius 
 civitatis regondae, gnbernandae : in tite 
 founding a 'd g. if states, in constitu- 
 endis temperandisque civitatibus, Cic. 
 Acad. 2, I, } : mode of g., modus im- 
 perandi, Cic. : v. to govern. 2. gu- 
 bemalio: e. e., civitatis, Cic. Rep. 1. 2. 
 
 3. rfiglmen, inis, «. (chiefly poet 
 and late) : to undertake the g., r. sus- 
 cipere, I'ac. Fig.: the counsel and g. 
 of life, consilium r.-que vitae, Lucr. 
 
 4. admini.-.tratio, cura : v. admin- 
 istration. 5. praelectfira (a-s post- 
 tirni of poicer) : to promote any one to the 
 g. of Egypt, aliquem ad p. Aegypti 
 provehere, .Suet. Aug. 66: cf. id. Ner. 47, 
 where the ret. is again to Kgypt. ||, 
 The supreme poner: \, impgrium : 
 to obtain the g. of all Gavl, imperio 
 totiu~ (ialliae potiri, Caes. B. G. i, 2 : 
 the Oaulsfell under the g. of the Roman 
 people, Galli sub P. R. imperium cecide- 
 runt, Caes. : v. power. 2. regnurn : 
 V. sovereignty. 3. dilio, potestas: 
 V. CONTROI., SWAV. |||. (Form of) 
 government: I'hr. : these three forms 
 of g., tria bate genera rerum publi- 
 canim,Cic. Hep. i, 28 that form of g.we 
 call monarchy, ejus reipiiblic;ie statura 
 regnum appcllainus. ib. 26 : that form 
 of g.is ;aUrd an aristocracy , ilia civitas 
 arbitrlo optiuntium repi dicilur, ib. 26 
 a g. by democracy, quum omnia per 
 populum genintur, ib. 27. |V. The 
 person? i?; n horn the governing power 
 resides : ii qui summam rerum adminis- 
 trant, ct. Cic. K. Am. 12. qi ; (luos penes 
 est omnium sunmia rerum, ct. Cic. Kep. 
 I, 26; qtio> penes omnis curatin atque 
 admlnistratio reipublicaeesl.cl'.Cic. N. D. 
 I, I, 2; qui rempubiicam tenent, cf. Cic. 
 Fam. 4, 7, ad fin. Also the word im- 
 perium is sometimes = qui imperant, 
 Caes. B. G. 1, }i. V. ^ prtmnceto 
 which a governor is attached : \, 
 provincia: v. i-rovince. 2. praefec- 
 
 liira (stricUy under a praefectu?, also in 
 gen. sense): Tac Ann. 11, 10 (where it 
 is used of Asiatic regions not under Ro- 
 man rule) : Egypt is divided into g.t of 
 (by) tinims (= nomes), Aegypm.-- divi- 
 diiur in praefecturas oppidorum, •"lln 
 5,9,9 T. hRKFECTURE. ( I'ljis f>erhaps 
 is the most suitable term to denote a go- 
 vernment in modem times.) 3. dloe- 
 cesis, is,/. (iioiVijcri?) ; in Cic. used of 
 divisions of provinces, Fam. }, 8, med., 
 omnium illarum dioecesium quae els 
 Taurum siirii : the g. of Asia and I'ontus, 
 Asiana ct I'ontica d.. Cod. Theod. (where 
 it i.-> used of a number if provinces 
 under one governor : Forcell). VI. 
 The oJUce of a delegated governor : 
 praefectQra : v. supr. (1. 5). To raise to 
 a g praeficere ; Cic. : i'ac. : v. gov ernor 
 
 governor: I. One exercising su- 
 preme ^Hnrer: 1. giibernalor: ruler 
 and g. <f a state, reitor el g. civitatis, 
 Cic. 2. rector: v. RULER. ||. One 
 exercising delegated authority: 1. 
 proconsul, ulis (in Cic. separately, pro 
 consule) : 1. e. the g. of a Roman pro- 
 vince : under the emperors of a se- 
 natorian province: Tac: Sail. fr. : v. 
 PR<x:oNsUL. 2. Icgatus (the g. of an 
 imperial province): Tac. Ann. 12, 40 
 (" at Caesar cogiiita morte legati ne pro- 
 vincia sine rectoi e foret ' ) : Suet. 3. 
 procurator (of a smaller province, a 
 division of a province) : I'ontius I'ilate 
 the g., 1'. I'ilatus p., Tac. Ann. i;, 44. 
 4. praefectus (esp. the g. of Egypt) : 
 pr. Aegypti, Suet. Vesp. 6 Ulp. : ap- 
 plied to the J'ersian satraps, e. g., pr. 
 Lydiae, loniae, totiusque Phrygiae, Nep. 
 I)at. i,fn. (The best word for a mo- 
 dern g. of a country or province.) 5. 
 satrapes, is; pi. satrapae (Persian title 
 for viceroy) : v. satrap. P h r. : to fee 
 g. of: (I) praesum, fui (with dat.) : to 
 be the g. of a province, provinciae pr., 
 Sail. : Cic. : also absol.. praeesse in pro- 
 vincia, Cic. Verr. j, 77. 180. (2) obiineo, 
 ui, ten turn, 2 (to be in possession of a. 
 province: with ace. or absol.) to tie g. 
 of Hither Spain, cum imperioCiterioreni 
 Hispaniam ob., Cic. Fam. i, 9, 4 : while 
 I was g., me obtinente, Cic. Alt. 
 5, 21, 4. (3) administro, 1 : v. to 
 ADMrNisTER. To make g.: (1) praeficio, 
 feci, feclum, } (wiih ace. and dat.) : to 
 make any one g. of a province, aliquem 
 provinciae pr., Tac. : Cic. (2) praepono, 
 pdsui, itum, i (same conslr.) : to make 
 any one g. of a province, aliquem pro- 
 vinciae pr., Cic: Caes.: v. to appoint 
 (I.). 
 governorship : praefectura : v. Go- 
 
 VERNMENT (V'l.). 
 
 govni: I. -■' woman's garment: 
 stola (iiorn by matrons, and reaching to 
 the heels : cf. ad lalos stola demissa, Hor. 
 S. I, 2,99): Cic: Ov. Also worn by 
 minstrels, etc., cf. Varr. R. R. }. i ?. qui 
 cum eo venisset cuin stola et cithara. 
 Dressed in a g., stolatus, Suet. : V'itr. 
 II, The robe of a Roman citizen : 
 tOga: the manly g., t. virilis, Cic. Ph. 2, 
 1 8, 44 : also called, t. pura, from its being 
 without colour: v. Iiicl. Ant. s. v. Me- 
 ton., for peace, which, as the civil dress, 
 it symbolized : yield arms to the g., ce- 
 dant arnia togae. Cic. Ph. 2, 8, 20. 
 Wearing the (civil) g., togiUus. Cic. Sull. 
 }o, 85 the nation clad in the g., gens 
 togatii, VIrg. III. The dress worn by 
 clergymen graduates, etc.: slola: useii 
 by Apul. of a pi-iests robe. Met. 11, 
 p. 256. 
 
 gowned: stsiatus, togatus : v. gowk 
 
 (1., II.). 
 
 gownsman: v. stttdent. 
 
 grace (subs.) .- j. Favour, good- 
 will : gratia to get into any one's good 
 g.s, alicujus graliam concillare, Cic. (v. 
 FAVOUR); with a good or bad g. (i. e., 
 with good or ill wilt), cum lioiia, mala, g., 
 Ter. Ph. 4, ?, 17 without an adj.. to 
 obtain anything with a good g., aliquid 
 impi'trare cinn g., Ter. And. 2, ?. n so, 
 with a bad g.. ingratiis. Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 
 48 or contr.'iugratis v. unwillingly. 
 II. in special itheol.) sense; free 
 
 favour of liod: gratia: Vulg. poM, : 
 Aug. Ill, Jndulgence. macy, pardon : 
 1. vgnia : g. it the 1 emirsioti oj 
 merited punishment, v. i-st |»of nae me- 
 ritae remissio, .Vil Clem. 2. 7. ii'it. to 
 obtain peace and g.J rum thr cunquei ort, 
 pacem v. que a victonbu.s imp- irare, 
 Llv. J7, 45 (v. PARDON): to giix (ont) 
 day's g., dare v. (unius) diet. Liv. 26. 
 17, a/lfm. 2. (e^P- '/ t/" gods) : pax, 
 pacis,/. • to Ijeg grace and merry from 
 Jove, ab Jove p. ac veniam pelere, Cic. 
 Rab. perd. 2, 5 : Virg. Jo show g. to 
 any one, ignoscero (with dot.) v. to 
 KOBGIVK. IV. Tfianks : esp. in phr., 
 to say g. before and after a meal : con- 
 secrationem recllare ; gratia^ agere : 
 Krusra. Conviv. Helig. V. Ueauty ; 
 
 charming Jitness : 1. griilia : he 
 
 (Horace) is full of pUasantnen and g., 
 plenus est Jutunditaiis et g., yuini. 10, 
 I, 96: g. of form, g. formae, Ov. Met. 7, 
 44; p. cor]>oris,Suet. 2. decor, oris, m. 
 (chiefly poet, or late) : g. (in an orator) 
 arises from gesture and moliun, d. a 
 geslu atque a motu venil, (^uint. 11, ;, 
 6- : Llv. : Ov. 3. vfnu^tas (eUgance, 
 good taste, attractiveness: strmly the 
 characterisiic of a leoman, as dignilas of 
 a man, Cic. Off. i. }6, i jo: cf. ib. 1, jo, 
 107) : to speak with dignity and g., 
 agere cum dignitate et v., Cic. de Or. i, 
 }i, 142: g.s (f phraseology, verbonim 
 venusiates, Ge'll. 17, 20. 4. vgnus. 6ris. 
 /. (chiefly poet, or late) : a play uithout 
 any g. (or beauty), fabula nullius v.. 
 Hor. A. P. }20 : Isocrates aimed at all 
 the g.s of style, I. omnes dicendi v. sec- 
 talus est, Quint. 10, I, 79: they uanted 
 one g. (he said), unam v. deesse, Plin. 
 J5, 10, j6, ^ 79 5. I^'por C" lepob, 
 oris, n:. (esp. (/ manner and conversa- 
 tion) : an example of politeness, u-ii, 
 amiabil.ty, g., specimen humauitaiiB, 
 sails, suaviialis, lejioris, Cic. Tusc. 5, 19. 
 
 55 : V. CHARM, PLEASANTRY. 6. ele- 
 
 gantia: v. ele«;ance. VI. That which 
 sets off or adorns: decus, oris, n. ; Uie 
 g. of modesty, d. piidoris, Ov. : v. orna- 
 ment. Phr.: nuretricious g.s, Ien6- 
 ciiiia: cf. Cic. N. I). 2,58. 146. VII. 
 As mythological name: 1. Griiiiae 
 (not used in sing.) : the comely U.S. G. 
 decentes, Hor. : Inscr. 2. Charts, 
 itis, /, (xapi?: rare in sing.): Ute (Jjs 
 are the daughters of Jove, Charit«s tiliae 
 Jovis sum. Sen. Ben. I, 4: Pliu. Oen. 
 pi, Chariton, Lucr.: dat. pi., ChkrisiD 
 (x<ipi.(Tiv), Prop. VIII. ^5 '^'' */ 
 nobility: your Grace: cleinentia ma: 
 form of address under the emperors: 
 Span. Geta, init. 
 
 grace (<-'■) •• 1. decOro, l (to adom) : 
 persuasion and beauty g. the monied 
 num. bene numatum d. Suadela Venus- 
 que. Hor. Ep. i, 6. j8 : the o-mnum- 
 tvealth which he had g.d and increased, 
 quam (remp.) decorarat atque auxerat, 
 Cic: v. TO AIXJRN. 2. hOnesto, i (to 
 add honour or distinction to) : the master 
 should not be g.d by his house, bid the 
 house by its master, nee domo dumliius 
 sed domino domus honestanda est, Cic 
 Off. I, )9. H9 : rarely of material aiiom- 
 ment : a tuft of feathers g.ing its head, 
 caput plumeoapice honestaote, Plin. lo, 
 2. 2. 3. cOhoneslo, I (stronger than 
 preced. : rare): to g. a victory (by a tri- 
 umph), Victorian) c. Liv. j8. 47: Cic. 
 4, distihguo, nxl, iictum, } ; omo, 
 adomo, 1 : v. to adorn. 
 
 graced : 1. dccorus (with abl.) .- 
 Phoebus g'. with shining botv. Phoebus 
 fulgente arcu d.. Hor. Cur. Saec. 61 : g. 
 with eloquence in the Greek tongue, d. 
 Graeca lacundia, Tac. H. 2, 80 Ov. 
 2. insignis (pocu); v. distin- 
 guished (1.). 
 
 graceful : 1. dfrSrus (comely, be- 
 coming) : the g. Umlis of youth, membra 
 Juveutae d., Virp. : a g. Aea<<, caput d., 
 Ov. 2. veiiustus (attractii^, charm- 
 ing) : g. carriage and movement of the 
 body, V. gestus et motus coip^iri*, Cic 
 Br. 55, 20 J: a very g. figure, venusiis- 
 sinia fipura. Suet. Aug. 79 g. sr^itencs, 
 seiitentiac v.. Cic. Br. 9?, J« : v. u<velt, 
 BEAUTIFUL. 3. lepJdUS (esp. of eo*]/, 
 
 i47
 
 GRACEFULLY 
 
 GRAMMATICALLY 
 
 GRANDMOTHER 
 
 graceful person or manners, etc. : not in 
 Cic.) : a g. and ladii-like form, forma i. 
 et liberalis, PI. Epid. i, i, 41: Ter. : v. 
 FLEASANT. 4. elegans: v. elegant. 
 5. (in certain cases) mollis, e (opp. 
 to si!i^, rigidus. ilurus): the. g. acanthus, 
 Di. Jicantbus, Virg. : g. statues, m. signa, 
 Cic. Br. 18, ■JO : Quint. : v. soft, yrELMNG. 
 
 gracefully ; 1. dgcore (for syn. . 
 V. graceful) : a figure g. shaped, spe- 
 cies d. formata, Cic: Sail. 2. ^'e- 
 nuste : Quint. : Plin. 3. eleganter : 
 V. ELEGANTLY. 4. molllter (compare 
 GRACEFUL, .">) : ot}iers shall caroe more 
 g. the breathing bronze, excudent alii 
 spirantia moUins aera, Virg. Aen. 6, 847. 
 
 gracefulness : vSnustas, decor ; V. 
 CRACF, (IV.). 
 
 graceless : imprSbus, nequam : v. 
 
 WrCKED, GOOD-FOB-NOTHING. 
 
 gracious: 1. prbpitius.- so may 
 the gods be g. to me, ita deos mihi velim 
 p., Cic. l)iv. Verr. i j, 41 : Tac. 2. 
 Hequus (chiefly poet.) : Venus g. to the 
 Trojans, ae. Venus Teucris, Ov. it. i, 
 2, 6: V. FAvoDBABLE. 3. bgiijgnus: 
 V. KIND. 4. misericors: v. merciful. 
 5. libgralis. e .- a g. answer, 1. re- 
 sponsum, Cic. Att. }, 15, Tried.: v. libe- 
 
 BAL, HANDSOME. 
 
 graciously :_ 1. benlgne : v. kind- 
 ly. 2. UbSraliter : to ansiver g., 1. 
 respondere. Caes. Join: benigue ac 
 liberaliter, Cic. Verr. 3, 85, 196 (the 
 former to denote the spirit, the latter 
 the extent, of the grace shown). \'ery 
 g., perliberaliter, Cic: v. liberally. 
 3, hiimane : v. kindly. 
 
 graciousness : 1. benignit-is: g. 
 of disposition, b. animi, Tac. : v. kind- 
 ness. 2. liberalttas: v. liberality, 
 3. expr. by propitius, aequus, etc., 
 with animus : v. gracious, favour- 
 able. With g., benigne, humane, etc. : 
 V. graciously. 
 
 gradation: 1. gradus. ils, m. : 
 g.s of duties, g. offlciorum, Cic. : all g.s 
 of sounds, omnes sonorum g., Cic. : v. 
 degree. 2. gradatio (a term in rhe- 
 toric) : Cic. de Or. }, 54, 207 : v. climax. 
 P h r. : in g.s, gradatim : e. g., gradatim 
 amicos habere, Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 2, 
 
 grade : 1. gradus, iis : Cic. : V. 
 preced. art. See also rank. 2. IQcus 
 (esp. with ref. to orv/in) born in no 
 mean g. of life, baud obscuro 1. natus. 
 Sail. Cat. 25, irtit.: simly, Cic. has in- 
 timo 1. natus, Fl. 11, init.: Liv. 3. 
 status, lis : v. position, standing. 
 
 gradient: cUvus. proclivlias: V. 
 slope. Perh. for tech. sense, the best 
 word is libramentum, used by Vitr., 
 Plin., etc., ot the incline of a water- 
 course : V. FALL, subs. (11.). 
 
 gradual: usu. expr. by adv. or 
 phr. : there is a g. aS' ent in the road, 
 •via paulatlm se erigit : improvement 
 in health must be g , *nonnisi paulatim 
 ac sensim (ex morbo) convalescunt ho- 
 mines : V. gradually. 
 
 gradually : 1. paulatim (pauU-) : 
 We Germans are g. becoming accu^stomed 
 to cioss the Rhine, p. consuescunt Ger- 
 mani Rhenum transire, Caes. : a hill 
 gently rising sloped g back upon the 
 plain, eoUis leniier fastigiatus p. ad 
 planiiiem redibat. Caes. B. CJ. 2, 8 : Cic. 
 2. gr8,daiim (6.v ste/is or degrees) .- 
 to rise g. (of the voice), g. asceiidere, Cic. 
 de Or. J, 61, init. Join: pedetentim 
 et gradatim, Cic. Fam. 9, 14, I'm. 3. 
 pgdgtentim (catdioiisly feeling the way 
 for one's feet, paulatim et ut dicitur 
 pedetentim. Quint. 5, 7, 20): Cic: v. 
 OAUTiou.sLY. 4, senf.im ( perceptibly 
 though slowly) : to advance g. and cau- 
 tiously, s. et pedetentim progredi, Cic. 
 Fuse. }, 12, fin.: custom has g. come to 
 thai, consuetudo eo s. dediicta est, Cic. 
 Off. 2, i, 9. 5. leniter, clementer (of 
 things which slope or incline) : v. 
 gently. 
 
 graduate (subs.) : * qui academico 
 gradu insignitus, ornatns e.*t ; qui gra- 
 dum suscepii, adeptus est: Stat. Acad. 
 Cant. (Graduatus, Charter of 1405 in 
 DuC.) 
 
 graduate (»•)■• |. Trans.: to 
 ;48 
 
 mark vrith degrees : *gradibus notare, 
 distinguere. ||, Intr. : to take an 
 academical degree: *gradum [in theo- 
 logia, artibus, etc.] suscipere • Stat. 
 Acad. Cant. 
 
 graduation : expr. by gradus and a 
 verb: v. to graduate. 
 
 graft (subs.) : 1, surciilus {a shoot 
 or twig for grafting) : the g. must be 
 taken from, the middle of the tree, a. ex 
 arbore media debet assumi. Pall. 4, 4, 
 med. : Varr. R. R. i, 40, ad fin.: Col. : 
 but surculus may be used for any kind 
 of cidting, cf. Varr. 1. c. : Cic. 2. 
 insilum : Col. ;, 11, med. (in pi.). 3. 
 insitlo (prop, the act of grafting) : Pall. 
 5. 2. (Cldva or clavola and talea denote 
 different kinds of sets or layers.) 
 
 graft ("•)•• !• Lit.: insero, sevi, 
 situm, J: t,o g.a good pear on a unld one, 
 in pirum silvalicam ins. pirum bonam, 
 Varr. R. R. i, 40, ad fin. ; to g. a tree (a 
 stock), arborem ins.. Col. 5, 11, ad init. : 
 to g. urUd-olive stocks, oleae silvestres 
 ins. truncos, Virg.G. 2, jo2. Phr.: me- 
 thod of propagation by g.ing, genus 
 seminis quod transit (transfertur) ex 
 arbore in aliam, V^arr. 1. c. ||. F i g. : 
 in this sense usu. ingraft : insero. } : 
 cf Hor. S. I, }, j; : v. to implant. 
 
 grafted (as adj.) : 1, iiisiticius : 
 used by Varr. of cross-breeds : R, R. 2, 
 8. 2. insitivus : g. pears (produced 
 by grafting), ins. pira, Hor. Epod. 2, 19. 
 
 grafter : insitor : Prop. : Plin. (or 
 pres. part, of insero : cf. L. G. } 658). 
 
 grafting (subs.) .- insltio : Col. (or 
 expr. by verb : v. to graft). 
 
 grain: I. a small particle : 1, 
 granum (strictly a small seed) : a g. of 
 wheat, g. tritici, PI. . a g. of pepper, g. 
 piperis, Plin. : a g. of scdt, g. sails, Plin. 
 2. mica (a granular particle: not 
 a seed): a g. of gold, m. auri, Lucr. : a 
 g. of .^alt, m. sails, Plin. : the crackling 
 g. (of salt), saliens m., Hor. Od. }, 2?, 
 e.Mr. Fig.: there is not one g. of salt 
 (sense) in all that body, nulla in tam 
 niagno est corpore m.. Cat. 86, 4. 3. 
 paiticiila : v. particle. 1|. Com : 
 frumentum : V. CORN. |||, '/'he course 
 of veining or fibres : Phr.: to cut tim- 
 ber across the g., *materiam transversis 
 fibris caedere : ivood very fine in the g., 
 *lignum fibris tenuissimis : v. fibre. 
 Fig.: against the g. (i. e. contrary to 
 one's nature) : invita Minerva ut aiunt, 
 Cic Off. I. Ji, no: Hor. 
 
 graiu (v.): i. e. to mark timber nith 
 painted veining : *pingendo ligni, mar- 
 moris, etc, speciem imitari. 
 
 grained: *(lignum) ita pictum ut 
 marnioris s. pretiosioris materiae spe- 
 ciem praebeat. 
 
 graminivorous : 
 
 •gramimvorus: 
 
 only as sclent, t. t. (= qui gramine s. 
 herbis pascitur). 
 
 grammar : The science of lan- 
 guage : 1, gramm&tica, ae : Cic. : 
 Suet. : Prise. The Greek form gram- 
 matice, es, also occurs : Quint. 2. 
 ars grammatica : Prise prooem. 3. 
 grammatica, orum (denoting rather the 
 subject matter of g. than the science 
 itself): Cic de'Or. i, 42, 187. 4. 
 literatflra : cf Quint. 2, i , 4, grammatice 
 quam io Latlnum transferences litera- 
 turam vocaverunt: (not so in Cic). A 
 master of g., grammatious, granimatista 
 (v. grammarian); also grammaticus 
 professor, Suet. Gr. 9, extr. : a g. school, 
 grammatici ludus. Suet. Gr. 4, fin. : a 
 treatise on g., grammaticae (adj.) insti- 
 tutiones (title of Priscian's work). 
 
 grammarian: 1. grammaticus : 
 Cic: Suet. Gr. 4 (where it is stated that 
 llteratus, literator, were sometimes used 
 as equivalents). 2. grammatista, ae, 
 m. (ace. to some, an inferior g.) : Suet. 
 1. c. 
 
 grammatical: 1. grammatTcus: 
 
 the g. art, g. ars, Auct. Her. : Quint. 
 
 2. grammatlcalis, e (very rare, and 
 not cla.ss.) : Sidon. 
 
 grammatically : 1. grammitlce : 
 to speak g., g. loqui. Quint, i, 6, 27. 
 
 2. grammaticaliter (v. rare) : Tre- 
 bell. 
 
 grampus : (?) orca : Plin. 9, 6, f . 
 
 (Delphinua orca, Linn.) 
 
 granary : 1. horreum (gen. term: 
 a storehouse , Ci^p. for produce) : a vaulted 
 g., h. camera con tectum, Col. i, 6, med.: 
 an upper-story g., pensile h., Col. I. c: 
 Cic. : Virg. In wider sense, the com- 
 missariat depot of an army, Liv. 21, 48, 
 extr. 2. granaria, orum (for grain 
 only : not found in sing.) : the g.s should 
 be approached by a flight of stairs, g. 
 scabs adeantur. Col. 1. c : such g.s are 
 called, g. sublimia, Varr. R. R. i , 57, init. 
 
 3. farraria, orum (like precei, but 
 rare): Vitr. 
 
 grand: I. Making a great dis- 
 play: magnlficus, lautus; v. splendid. 
 II. Lofty, impressive: 1. grandis, 
 e: a g. and brilliant style, genus dicendi 
 g. et illustre, Cic. de Or. 2, 82, J37 : to 
 sing of g.er themes, grandiora canere, 
 Virg E. 4. init.: Quint. 2. magnl- 
 ficus (rather rare in this sense) : what 
 in one place is g. in another is bombastic, 
 quod alibi m., tumidum alibi. Quint. 
 8, }, 18. Join: excelsus atque mag 
 nificus, Cic. Opt. gen. or. 4, 12. 3. 
 elatus, sublimis : v. sublime. 4. 
 grandiloquus (also in bad sense, Oio 
 Tusc. 5, n, 89) : Cic. Or. 5, 20 : Quint 
 5. magniloquus (like preced.") 
 Stat. Sil ;, ?, 62. 
 
 grandchild : ngpos, neptis : v. 
 
 GRANDSON, GRAND-DAUGHTER. In pi., 
 
 liberi, orum, is used of children at the 
 second or third remove, Callist. Dig. ;o, 
 16, 220. 
 grand-daughter: neptis, is, /.: 
 
 Cic. : Ov. Great-g., proneptis, Gai. 
 
 grandee; 1. (homo) noWlis (a 
 man of distinguished family or poti- 
 tion) : V. noble (subs.). 2. purpu- 
 ratus (at a despotic court) : cf Cic. Tusc. 
 I, 4}, init. : Liv. jo, 42 (where it is used 
 of a certain grade at the Macedoniaa 
 court) : Curt. 
 
 grandeur: j. Outward show: 
 magnificentia, lautitla : v. magnifi- 
 cence. II, Loftiness, impressiveness : 
 1, granditas : g. of style, g. verbo- 
 rum fUemosthenis], Cic. Br. }i, fin.: 
 Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 5 (de vetere comoe'dia): 
 cf. Quint. 10, I, 6;. 2. sublimitas: 
 v. subi.imitv. 3, gravius (dignity 
 and weight of thought or expre.ssion): 
 cf. Cic de Or. 2, 17, 72, omnium senten- 
 tiarum gravitate, omnium verborum 
 ponderibus est utendum : v. dignity. 
 
 4. majestas : the quiet g. (of Ho- 
 mer), tacita m., Macr. Sat. 5, i},fin.: 
 varied g., variata m.. ib. 14, ad init.: 
 Cic. Am. 2;, 96 [quanta gravitas, quanta 
 in oratione m. !] v. majesty. 5. mag- 
 nitt'ido (greatness of whatever kind) : to 
 imitate the g. of Homer, m. Homeri imi- 
 tari, Macr. SaL 5, i j, fin. Q, mag- 
 nil6quentia (also in bad sense' : Cic 
 Fam. I}, 15. 
 
 grandfather: avus: g. by father'* 
 or mother's side, a paterniis, maternus 
 Hor. ,S. I, 6, } : Cic. L-erlaining to Ot 
 g., avitus (usu. in more gen. sense) : v. 
 ANCE.STRAL. Grcot-g., proavus : PI.-. 
 Cic. : great- great-g., abavus, Cic. Wife'i 
 gi., prosocer. eri : Ov, : l>ig. 
 
 grandiloquence : magnllSquentia : 
 Gell. I, 2: also in good sense, v. gran- 
 deur. 
 
 grandiloquent: 1, grandiiequus: 
 Cic. : also in good sense : v. grand (IL, 
 4). 2. magniloquus : Tac. : Ov. : 
 
 also in good sense v. grand (II., 6). 
 3. tumldus, turgidus : v. inflated. 
 Phr.: g. expressions, ampullae, sesqui- 
 pedalia verba, Hor. A. P. 97. 
 
 grandiloquently : P h r. ; to talk g., 
 anipullari, Hur. Ep. i, j, 14 
 
 grandly : 1. grand« (cf L. G. 
 { J44): to sound more g., grandius so- 
 nare, Ov. H. i;, jd. 2. magniflce 
 (splendidly, excellently) : Cic. • Quint. : 
 v. magnificently. (Or expr. by neut. 
 pi. of adj. : to speak g., magna, grandla, 
 sublimia direre : v. grand.) 
 
 grandmother : 4via : Pi Gr^at-g., 
 proa via, Suet. G. of a wife or husband, 
 magna socrus. Suet. : great-g. of a wtft 
 or husband, major socrus. Dig.
 
 GRANDSON 
 
 ORA PPLING-IRON 
 
 GRASSHOPPER 
 
 grandson ; nfipos, 6tU, m. : sons, 
 dauijhtcrs, gj, giand-daughters, filii, 
 filiae, iicpotfs, neptes, Clc. fuse, i, J5, 
 85. (Cump. GitANDcHiLU.) Ureat-y., 
 pronepcis, Cit. : Ov. 
 
 grange: viiia: v. fabmhocse. 
 
 granite : *graiilies lapis, as t. t. 
 (Kr.). Ked g., l.ipU syeuites, ae. m. (fr. 
 Syene In Egypt) : I'liii. It the word Is 
 used tig., Mamas, adaiuantlnus, may be 
 
 used : V. ADAMANT. 
 
 grant ("•)•• I. '''o bestow-. l. 
 
 concedo, ssi, ssum, j {as a fai-our or 
 privilege]: I'aesar g.d libertij to tlie 
 (iermaiis Caesar Gemiaiiis libertatt-m 
 concessit, Cae.s. : to g. any one li/e^ ali- 
 cui vitarii i;.. Suet. 2. tribuo, i, uturn, 
 ! (usu. Implying that what is grunted is 
 due) : V. TO bi:stow. 3. permitto, 
 misl, ssiitn, j (lo gioe a man power over 
 anything) : v. to entrust (5). 4. 'n- 
 dulgeo, si, turn, 2 (inUulgetitly) : to g. 
 anyone tlie weo./'mwif//, ind.alicui usuni 
 pecuniae, Suet. Aug. 41 : to g. a free 
 choice of {mode- of) death to the con- 
 demned, daninatis liberum mortis arbi- 
 trium ind.. Suet. Dom. i ,.fin. (N'.B.— 
 Not so m Cic.) 5. do, i. i't- ; prae- 
 beo, praest", etc. : v. to give, afford. 
 
 6. when the ref. is to what is g.'d 
 by nature, e.xpr. pass, by suppedito, 
 snppetii : had a longer life been g.'d to 
 him, cui si vita supped! tasset, Cic. Br. 70, 
 245: simly, si vita suppeiet, Cic. Fin. 
 1,4,11. II, In argument, to concet/e .- 
 
 1. do, dgdi, datum, i : in geometri/, 
 if you g. the first proposition, tlie whole 
 must be g.'d, in geometria, prima si de- 
 deris, danda sunt omnia, Clc. Kin. 5, 28, 
 8j. 2. conccdo. J : you hare assumed 
 that tlie gods are blessed; we g. it, 
 beatos esse deos sumpsisii ; concedimus, 
 Cic. N. I). 1, J2, init.: also foil, by ut 
 and sufc;., Cic. (3ff. i, J5, 129: Quint,; 
 and less freq. by ace. and inf., Lucr. 
 
 3. imperat. of sum, facio^be it so; 
 granted : g.'d . lie himself is nothing, 
 has no f>ower,esto; ipse nihil est, nihil 
 potest, Cic. l)iv. Verr. 15, init.: also 
 foil, by ace. and inf., esp. poet., Hor. Ep. 
 I, I, 8l : also foil, by ut and suhj. : g.'d 
 that 6000 Seeds pei'ish, sit quidem ut sex 
 millia seminuni intereant. Col. Fac is 
 foil, by inf. .- g. that you could (have 
 slain me), fac putuisse, Cic. Ph. 2, }, 5. 1 
 
 4. in sense lilie (3), ut with subj., j 
 fac, concede, or a similar verb being i 
 understood (L. G. } 452) : but g. tliat it 
 is so, yet, etc., verum ut ita sit, tameii, 
 etc., Cic. Verr. j, 64, 151: even g.ing 
 that you did not think of it, ut illud 
 non cogitares, Cic. : simly, with a nega- 
 tive : g.ing that it is not so, ne. : there 
 never was such, a man, you will say : 
 g.'d there was not, nemo is, inquies, 
 unquam fuit; ne luerit, Cic. Or. 29. 
 init. : g.'d that pain is not the greattst j 
 evil, it certainly is an evil, ne sit sum- ! 
 mum malum <lolor, certe malum est, 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, ;. 14 : Liv. The suhj. 
 alone is often used concessively: g.ing 
 that you cannot . . . stJl, etc., non possis 
 .. . tamen, Hor Ep. 1, i, 28 g.ing that 
 he was (a bad citi2en) to others, when 
 did he begin to be so to you, fueril aliis ; 
 tibi qiiando esse coepit ? Cic. 
 
 grant (subs.) .- coneessio {the act) : a 
 g. of land, c. agronjm, Cic. Agr. j, j, 11. 
 (Usu. cxpr. by verb: as, to make any 
 one a g. qf anything, aliquid alicui 
 concedere, tribuere, etc. : v. to gkant.) 
 
 grantee : perh. bCnSftciarius (which 
 was used in various senses o( privileged 
 per.'^ims): cl. Plin. Ep. 10, 51 (j6). Or 
 expr. by verb: *is cui aliquid conces- 
 sum, donatum est : v. to grant. 
 
 grantor : is qui concedlt, donat, etc. : 
 V. 10 gbant. 
 
 granular : granOsus (full of small 
 seed-like ^larticles) : Plin. 21.4. 10. i'»i(. 
 (Or expr. by circunil., *pranonini spc- 
 ciem s. lormam praebens ; v. grain.) 
 
 grape : 1, acinus, less. freq. (ex- 
 cept in pi.) ^'iDum (a single grape) : 
 iinthered g.s, a. arida. Col. 12, J9 : the 
 teeds of g.s, nuclei acinorum, Plin. 2?, i, 
 9. of g.s, belonging to g.s, acinarius: 
 vessels for holding g.s, dolia a., Varc. 
 
 R. R. I, 22, med. Full of gs, like a g., 
 acinosus : o g.like seed, semen a., Plin. 
 12, ij. 2-7. (X.B.— Acinus is also used 
 of the seeds of grapes [v. gbapestokk] ; 
 also of any similar seed.s.) 2. "va 
 (strictly, o cluster of g.s ; but used l>oth 
 in sing, and pi. lor grapes) : here cjm- 
 crops, there g.s grow more aljundai.lly, 
 liic segete.s, illic veniunt felicius uvae, 
 Virg. : the g.s colour, u. ducit colorem, 
 Virg. : to boil g.s dfium, uvas decwpiere, 
 Plin. : o fox was trying to get at some 
 g.s, vulpes appetebat uvam, Pliaedr. : 
 di-ied g.s {raisins), passae uvae. Cato : 
 Virg- 3. viniiceus {sc. acinus) ; Col. 
 12, J9, med. The g.-viiie, vitis (v. 
 VINE): a cluster of g.s, racemus : v. 
 clustfr. The wild-vine, lnhrusca: Plin.: 
 the fruit of the wild-vine, u-iUl g., la- 
 bruscum. Vug.; uva silvestris. Pall, 
 grape-bearing: uvifer, 6ra, erum 
 
 (poet.) : Slat. : Sil. 
 
 grape-gatherer: vindemiator:Hor. 
 grape-gathering ; vindemia : v. 
 
 VINTAGE. 
 
 grape-husk: 1. vinacea (both as 
 sing., and collect. = £r.s) : Cato in Plin. 
 17, 22, ^5^197: Col. Arb. 4,/h. 2. 
 vinaceus : Cato H. K. 147 : Col. 12, 59. 
 
 grapestone : 1. acinus vinaceus : 
 Clc. S<-ii. 15. i2 : also simply vinaceus 
 or vinuceum, jil. usu. vinacea (but vina- 
 ceus more freq. denotes the husk, «eetis 
 and all : v. preced. art. 2, U. cc.) ; o 
 grafie with many stones in it, acinus 
 frequentis vinacei. Col. ;, i, med. 2. 
 pranum (any small seed) : a kind of 
 grape that has no stones, species uvae 
 quae g. interioribus caret. Pall. }, 29, 
 init. : v. grain. 
 
 grape-vine : ^'lis "s./- ■• v- vine. 
 
 graphic : 1. expressus {repre- 
 
 senl'd clo.^ely) : a J all and g. repiesfnta- 
 tifm of anythimi, alicujus rei solida et 
 expres-sa imago (opp. to a mei-e sketch), 
 Cic. Off. J, 17, 69: in narration full 
 and g., in narratione plenus atque ex., 
 Quint, g, 4, j8. Simly., to give a g. lie- 
 lineatiim, aliquid ita e.\primere verbis, 
 ut cerni potius videatur quam audiri, 
 
 Quint, 9, 2, 40 : V. to RErRKSENT. 2. 
 
 manifesius {as if pUiced lief ore the eyes) : 
 this figure lias something more g. about 
 it, habet haec figura manifestius aliquid, 
 [non enim narrari res sed agi videtur]. 
 Quint. 9, 2, 44. 3. signlticans, ntis : 
 V. EXPKE-ssiVK. 4. perh. vivldus : v. 
 VIVID. Phr. : than which no picture 
 could be more g., quod nulla expressius 
 pictura signaret, Macr. Sat. 5. i?, med. 
 (N.B. — Not graphicus ; cl. Vitr. 4, 4, 
 extr.) 
 
 graphically: 1. expresse: esp 
 in compar.: Col. 11, i, ad fin. : Macr. 
 (v. GRAi'Hic, ^n.). 2. .signlfiainter : 
 to narrate </., g. narrare. Quint. 10, i, 49. 
 3. graphii e (v. rare) : he discribed 
 the image of Justice fitly and g., apte et 
 K. imaginem Justitiae depinxit. Cell. 
 14, 4 (lemni.). Phr.: this Virgil has 
 depicted in a wonderfully g. manner, 
 hoc mire et velut colorlbus Maro piiixit, 
 Macr. Sat. 5, 11, arf init. : to describe g., 
 may also be expr. by oxprimere, depin- 
 gere, with such advv. as bene, praeclare, 
 insigntter: v. to depict. 
 
 grapnel : nianus ferrea, etc. : v. 
 
 GBArri.ING-IIION. 
 
 grapple ('••) •• I. Of wrestlers, etc. : 
 1. complector, xus, } : to g. ivith 
 each other, inter se c, Nep. Eum. 4: cf. 
 Tac. Agr. j6, med. 2. luctor, i {to 
 wrestle, q. v.); more fully, coroplexu I. 
 [cum aliquo]. Plin. 9, }o. 48 : Clc ||. 
 To contend against ; esp. i'i7/i boUlness : 
 1, obviam eo, 4, irr. (to face boldly : 
 with dat.) : V. to face, oprosK. 2, 
 congrCdior, ? : v. to encounter, .f o 1 n : 
 Uictari et congrcdi cum aliquo, Cic. : v. 
 to stbug<:le. III. To lay hold of & 
 
 vessel H'l'Wi grappling-irons : v. gbap- 
 pung-iron. 
 
 grapple, grappling {subs.): ccm- 
 plexus [armoMini] : lac. Agr. j6,med. 
 
 grappling-iron: 1. minus fer- 
 rea : to make fast a ship with a p., fer- 
 rea m. injecta navem retinere, Caes. 
 B. C. I, i3: l.iv.: manus also occurs 
 
 without ferrea, Plin. 7, 56, $>], extr. 
 [barpagones et mauuK]. 2. harpago, 
 onis, m. : described by Liv. as a brtm 
 with an iron hook fastened at the ex- 
 tremity, " asseres ferreo unco praefixi, 
 liarpagi/neji vocant, ' jo, 10, ad fin.: 
 oflen Jomed with manuij f., Caes, B. C. 
 I, 57: Plin. I.e. : to let d/nim g.s upon 
 ships, h. in naves injicere, Liv. : Cae». 
 3. corvus (appy. not differing 
 greatly from precedd.) : Join: ferreae 
 nianus [harpagonas vocani], corvique. 
 Curt. 4, 2, iiied. (file above were lued 
 both in naval warfare and In sieges.) 
 grasp (i'.); I. with the hands: 
 
 1. preiiso, I (strictly frtquent. ot 
 prehendo, but used of uii 7 eager grasp- 
 ing): to g. anil one's arms u-ith the 
 hand, p. manu bmchia alicujus, Hor. S. 
 I, 9, 64: thry g. the battUmetits urith 
 their right hands, dexiris fasiigia pren- 
 sant, Virg. Kre(|. ol g.ing a fierson's 
 limbs by way of appeal or tntrtaly : cf. 
 Tac. H. 1, 66, anna, genua, vestigia 
 [tTcusuniio, Jtexere niilltuiii artimog. 2. 
 prjhendo, coniprJhendo, j : v. hold (to 
 Take), TO SEIZE. \\. .Ventaliy : 1, 
 complector, xus, } : to g. anything in 
 thought, aliquid cogitatione [et mente] 
 c, Cic. Or. 2, 8: v. to ejibbace. 2. 
 compreliendo, di, sum, j : usu. with 
 cogitatione, mente, animo, Cic. : v. to 
 Comprehend. 3. tCiieo, ui, ntum, 2 
 (10 have g.'d ; be in possesion of) ; to g. 
 any one's hidden meaning, reconditog 
 alicujus sensus t., Cic. Sext. 10, init. : 
 Ter. See also To lndebstasd. 
 
 — at "■" after : |. iiT<* the 
 
 hands : 1, capto, I (frequently, 
 
 eagerly) : Tantalus g.s at the Jlying 
 waters, T. fugientia c. flumina, Hor. 
 
 2. appgto, ivi and li, itum, j : to 
 g. at a cake on the table, in coena pla- 
 ceniam a., PI. : to g. at the sun, solera 
 maiiibus a., Clc Oiv. i, 2J, 46. 3. 
 arripio, j : v. to seize upon, snatch at. 
 
 If. F i g., to aim a/, aspire to : J. 
 capto, t : to g. at tlie title if imjieratm; 
 nomen imperatorium c, BruL in Cic. 
 Fani. II, 4: to g. at uncertainties, in- 
 ccrta c. Sail. 2. auciipor, i (ai a 
 
 fo'iler catching birds) : to g. at empty 
 fame, inanem a. rumoreni, Cic. in Pis. 
 24, 57 : Plin. : Flor. 3. consector, I 
 
 {to pursue eagerly) : to g. at every 
 shadow of glory, omnes umbras gloriae 
 c, Cic. in Pis. 1. c. 4. afTecto, 1 (esp. 
 of K.ing at supreme power) : Liv. : Curt. : 
 
 V. TO A.SPIKE To. 5. apptSlO, J: V. TO 
 
 SEEK AFTER. 
 
 grasp (subs.): I. Manual: 1, 
 expr. by manus, vis, /. : to mest any- 
 thing from anyone's g., aliquid alicui 
 de manibus extorquere, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 
 fin. 2. expr. by verb; esp. in con- 
 nexion with manus: thrice the figure 
 escaped my g., ter compreiisa manna 
 effugit imago, Virg. Aen. 2, 79} : the 
 fleet shade escapes thtir g., luhrica pren- 
 santes effugit umbra manus. Ov. F. 5, 
 476: v. TO GRASP. 3. complexus, Q^: 
 V. EsiBBACF- II. Mental: captus,us; 
 Ingeiiii vires: v. capacitv. 
 
 grasping (adj.): avarus, appj^tens, 
 avTdiis V. COVETOUS. 
 
 grasping {subs.) .• 1. appf tilio (lit. 
 or tig.) : Clc. 2. affectatio (only fig.) : 
 pliilosopliy is the love and g. after wis- 
 dom, philosophla sapientiae amor et af. 
 est. Sen. (^^ore freq. expr. by verb : v 
 
 TO GRASP ) 
 
 graspingly: avSrej v.covfrrocsLT. 
 grasiingness: iivaritia: v. covet- 
 
 Ot SNb.!>S. 
 
 grass : 1. gramen, Inis, n. ; the 
 pure blaile of g.. graminis herba pura, 
 Liv. I, 24: to extirjiate the g. (from a 
 vineyard), gramma exstirpare. Col. : 
 Hi>r. 2. herlia (including all biw 
 
 herbage: esp. |i.'et.): the g. supplied a 
 bed, h. cubile prael)ebal, Lucr. : the hind 
 stretched upon tlv- g., agricula fusus per 
 herbain, Virg. : Clc. A sod of g., caujj- 
 [les : V. s«ii>. 
 
 grass-green; herbaccus, berbldas: 
 
 V. C.RA.N^V. 
 
 grasshopper : gn-iius or grillus : 
 Plin. ^Cicada Is the tree-h<pper: cicale.) 
 349
 
 OR ASST 
 
 GRAVE 
 
 G R A V 
 
 grassy, of grass : 1. graminosus 
 (aSowiding in grass) : g. soil, g. ager, 
 folnm, Col. 2. gramineus (esp. poet.) : 
 a g. plain, g. campus, Wx^. : a crmim 
 or voreath of grass, g. corona Qobsidiona- 
 lis], Liv. 7, i'], ad init. 3. berbosus 
 {abounding in herbage) : a g plain, h 
 campus, H'T. : Ov. 4. berbidus 
 
 (abounding in herbage : also of grassy 
 hue) : g. plains, b. campi, Varr. : Liv. : 
 a g. hue, h color, Plin. 12. 14, Jl. 5. 
 herbaicus (grass-like) : leares of a g. 
 hue, folia h. coloris, Plin. 20, i}. 51: 
 also without colos : flos hie herbaceus 
 est, Plin. 26, 8, 55. 6. herbiter, era, 
 iraxD {yielding grass : poel.): Ov. 
 
 grate (subs.) : I. A framework of 
 bars: V. GRATING (sute.). II, A fire- 
 place: focus, camlnus : v. fire-place. 
 
 grate C^' ) •■ j. 'Jo grind to powder : 
 t6ro, conteio • v. to grind, bruise. i|. 
 To produce a harsh sensation : 1. 
 rado, si, sum, j (lit. to scrape) : to g. 
 upon nice ears, aures delicatas r., Quint. 
 J, I, J. 2. strideo or strido, i (to 
 make a luirsh iioise of any kind) : the 
 g.ing saw, stridens serra, Lucr. 2, 410 : 
 to make a g.ing noise trith the teeth, s. 
 dentibus, Gels (v. TO grind ) Phr. : to 
 g. upon any one's feelings, alicujus ani- 
 mum, sensum offendere: v. to offend. 
 
 grateful: \. Gratifying : iucMn- 
 duj, gratus : v. pleasant. ||. Thank- 
 ful : gratus : g. tonards any one, g. 
 erga aliquem, Cic. Fam. i, 5, init., in 
 allquem. Brut, in Cic. Fam. ii, 10, init. ■ 
 to be g. to those who hare de.served well 
 of you, bene de se meritis gratum se 
 praebere, Cic. PI. j8, init.: see also 
 GRATrTODE. Pbr. : to be (sincerely) g. 
 to any one, alicui gratiam habere, Cic. 
 Off. 2, 20, 69 simly, to be very g., mag- 
 nani, niaxiraam g. habere, Cic. (gratiam 
 referre is to make a return'). 
 
 gratefully : 1. grate : Cic. Pi. 
 41, 98 [grate et pie] : Plin.: Sen. 2. 
 grat« aiiinio, grata memoria: Cic: v. 
 
 GRATITUDE. 
 
 gratefulness : jacundttas : gratus 
 animus : v. pleasantness, gratitude. 
 
 grater : perh. ni51a manuaria (hand- 
 mill): v. MILL. (Radula, Col 12, 18, is 
 a kind of scra/ter.) 
 
 gratification : I. The act of gra- 
 tifying or satisfying : expletio : the g. 
 of natural desires, naturae ex., Cic. Fin. 
 5, 14. 40: or expr. by verb- v. to gra- 
 tify. II. I'leasure, delight : 1, 
 expr. by gratus (gratifying, pleasing) : 
 you will be giving us great g,if ..., 
 gratissimum nobis feceris, si, etc., Cic. 
 Sen. 2, 6 : if it will be any g. to you, si 
 (vobis) g. luturum est, Cic. 1. c. 2. 
 vSluptas (esp. of sensuat g., corporis v., 
 Cic. Sen. 12, 59): v. pLEAStJRE. 3. 
 delectatio, oblectatio : v. delight. 4. 
 suavitas (sn eetntss, charm) : a wonder- 
 ful g. in acquiring knowledge, mira 
 quaedam in cognoscendo s. [et delec- 
 tatio]. Cic. de Or. i, 4;, 19 j. (N.B.— 
 Not gra'ificatio, which is the act of 
 showing favour, complaisance.) Phr.: 
 to do anything for the g. of any one, 
 gratificari aliquid alicui, Cic. (v. full, 
 art.): devoted, to the g.s of appetite, 
 ventri deditus. Sail : to be devoted to 
 sensual g.s, cupiditatibus servire, Cic. 
 Ara. 22, 82 ; simly., ventri obedire, Sail. 
 Cat. init. 
 
 gratify ; I. To do a favour to : 
 
 1. gratum (aliquid) facio : v. gra- 
 tification (11., 1). 2. gratillcor, i 
 (freq. of doing an act of complaisance 
 OT partiality with 'iat.): they think to 
 g. Fompey, Pompeio se g. putant, Cic. 
 Fam. I. I, jin. : cl. Sail. .fug. 4, poteniiae 
 paticorum decus atque lihertatem g. (to 
 give up in order to gratify) : Liv. 3, 
 morem genj, ssi, stum, j (to comply 
 tvith any one's desires, be complaisant : 
 yrith dot.) : I v-ilJ g. your wishes, geram 
 tibi morem, Cic. Tusc. i, 9, init. : to g. 
 oneself (hav one's own way), g. sibi 
 morein. Ter. Heaut. 5, i, 74: v. to 
 HUMOUR. 4. moriggror, i (= preced., 
 but ciipable of being used in bad sense) : 
 Ter. H' i g. : speech ought to g. the enr, 
 voluptati aurlum m. debel oratio, Cic. 
 
 Or. 48, 159. 5. obsequor, j (with dat.) : 
 V. to comply with. 6. serv'.o, 4 
 (stronger than preced., and denoting a 
 habit of mind mther than an act cf. 
 Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 8, alioruni amori flagitios- 
 issime s. : with dat.) ■ v. devoted to 
 (TO BE.) 7. delecto, oblecto, juvo : v. 
 TO delight. II, To satisfy a natural 
 desire : expleo, evi, etum, 2 : to g. one's 
 inclinations, animum ex. suum, Ter. 
 And. I, 2, IT ; Cic. : v. to satisft. 
 
 gratiftfing (adj.): gratus: very g., 
 pergratus : v. pleasing. 
 
 grating (subs.) : |. of bars, etc. r 
 1. cancelli (of wood, iron, etc. ; used 
 for a variety of purposes, and formed by 
 cross bars: cf. Varr. K. K. ?, 5, init., 
 transversis modicis intervallis perticis 
 annexis, ad speciem cancellorum sce- 
 nicorum) : a g. fr/r a fish-pond, c. qui- 
 bus impediatur fuga piscium, Col, 8, 17, 
 ad med. : Cic. 2. clathri, orum (esp. 
 of the cages of animals) : Hi ir. A. P. 47 j : 
 Plin. Hence adj. clathratus (formed of 
 or having a g.): a window xcith a g., 
 fenestra c, PI. Mil. 2, 4. 26. ||. A 
 harsh collision : 1. stridor (a grating 
 sound) : e. g. dentium, Cels. : v. gnash- 
 ing. 2. offensa Qdentium] : Plin. J4, 
 10, 22, extr. 
 
 grating (a^j) •■ i e. irritating, of- 
 fensive ■ *qund nonnihil oifensionis ac 
 molestiae habet : v. offensive. 
 
 gratis: giatuito: v, gratuitocslt. 
 
 gratitllile : 1. gratia (more freq. 
 denoiing the favour shown : but cf. Cic. 
 Inv. 2, 5 ?, 161, where a def. of gratitude 
 [gratia] is given) • esp. in phr. to show 
 g., gratiam referre, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69 : 
 to feel g., g habere, Cic. 1. c. . to show 
 such g. as is deserved, meritam alicui g. 
 persolvere, referre, Cic. : to extort g. 
 from a forgetful breast, inimemori pec- 
 tore g. exiundere, Sen. Ben. 1, }, 2. 2. 
 gratus animus, grata m^mSria : to fol- 
 low (regard) uHth one's warmest g., gra- 
 tlssimo aiiimo (or pi. of a number of 
 persons) prosequi, Cic. Phil. 4, i, ? : cf. 
 ib, 14, If, JO Phr. : to speak concern- 
 ing g., de ratione reddeiidi beneficii 
 dicere. Sen. Ben. i, }, 8 ■ what is the 
 nature of the debt of g , quid accepto 
 beueficio debeamus, ib. !, 5, init. 
 
 gratuitous ; gratultus : g. liberality, 
 g. liberalitas (opp. to mercenaria, con- 
 ducta, cum mercede), Cic. I^eg. i, 18, 
 48 : tlie g use of money, 1. e. without 
 interest, g. usus pecuniae, Suet. Aug. 
 41 • g. cruelty, g. cnidelitas, Liv. j, J7 
 (see the place). 
 
 gratuitously: 1. gratuito. to 
 
 defend a ca^e g., causam g. defendere, 
 Cic. Off. 2, 19, 66 : he )ias g. base and 
 cruel, g. malus atque crudelis erat. Sail. 
 Cat. 16. 2. gratis (gratiis PI.) ■ to 
 do one's duty to the state g., g. reipublicae 
 servire, Cic. Clu. 26, 71 : Mart. 
 
 gratuity; 1. s'ips, ipis, /. (of a 
 small coin) : who would call the g. of a 
 paltry coin a kindness, quis beneticium 
 dicat s, ai-ris abjecti? Sen. Ben. 4, 29, 2: 
 to coUext g.s, stipem colligere, Liv. j8, 
 45, ad fin. 2 congiarium (strictly 
 referring to the distributions of com, 
 etc.. but also used of other gifts of a 
 superior) : cf. (. ic. Fam. 8, I, fin. See 
 also GIFT, 'i. cSroUarium (a small 
 
 additional present , douceur) : to quit 
 the table without a g. (of an actor who 
 bas amused the company), sine c. de 
 convivio discedere, Cic. Verr. 2, 22, 49 : 
 to give any one an additional g., c. 
 alicui aspergere, Sen. Ben. 6, 17 ■ Apul. 
 
 gratulate, gratulation : v, con- 
 gratulate, etc. 
 
 grave (subs.): \, Lit., a place 
 of burial : \, sepulcrum (including 
 every kind of burial place) : Ter. ; Cic. 
 2. bustum (strictly, the place of 
 cremation): v. tomb. ||. Fig., the 
 regions or state of death ■ 1. infSri, 
 orum (the infernal regions) : to rise 
 from one's g., ab inf. exslstere, Liv. 26, 
 3 2, med. : to call up from the ^ , ab inf. 
 excitare, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20. 2. Orcus 
 (siT\<it\y— Pluto : poet.): to dispatch to 
 the g., Oreo demittere, Virg. Aen. 2, ^98 : 
 the pitiless g , nil miserans 0., Her. 3. 
 
 Avernus (a lake identified with the in- 
 fernal regions): easy is the descent w 
 tlie g., facilis descensus Averni, Virg. 
 See also death. 
 
 grave (a^?) ■■ I. Weighty : gravis, 
 serius : v. important, serious ||. 
 
 Staid, solemn, sober : 1. severus 
 
 (severe, stern) : the talk of g. old people, 
 rumores senum severiorum. Cat. 5, 2 : 
 g. looks I IS setting off a joke), vultus s. 
 [et tristis], Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289. 2. 
 tristis, e (esp. wilb ref. to the looks: v 
 gloomy) : of a g. and reserved disposi- 
 tion, natura t. ac recondita, Cic. Quint. 
 18,59: ct. supr. (I.) . v. SAD. Dimin., 
 tristicuhis, some" hat sad or g., Cic 
 3. austerus (lit. four, Aarsft; hence, 
 opposed to gaiety and relaxation) : g. 
 pofms, a. poemata, Hor. A. P. 341 : 
 Quint. 4. gravis, e (so only in late 
 writers) : Claud. : Plin. Pan. 5. se- 
 rins : V. serious. Ill, Of sounds ; Zou) 
 pitched : gravis ; a g. sound, g. sonus, 
 Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. 
 
 grave (f) ■■ SCalpO, J : V.TO ENGRAVE. 
 
 grave-clothes : perh. tunica fune- 
 bris. Plin. 19, i, 4. 
 
 grave-digger : fossor : Inscr. Orell 
 
 gravel : I. in ord. sense : glarea , 
 Cic: Liv. |j, The disease so called: 
 calculus: Cels. 
 
 gravel («•) : \. To cover with gra- 
 vel : glaream iiyicio, } : Cic. Q. Fr. j, 
 '. 2- II. I'ig- (nearly obsol.): to re- 
 duce to dijfictilties : Phr.: aliquem dis- 
 putationum laqueis irretitura tenere, in 
 angustias adducere: v. to entangle, 
 EMBARRASS. In pass., haereo, si, sum, 
 2: he is fairly g'd, haeret in salebra 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84 : the rascal was g.'d , 
 he knew not uhich way to turn, hiierebat 
 nebulo ; quo se verteret non babebat, 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 29, 74 : now the fellow is 
 fairly g.'d, nunc homo in medio luto 
 est, PI. Ps. 4, 2, 27. 
 
 gravelly : glareosus : g. soil, g. terra, 
 Van : the fig-tree lores g. soil, glareosa 
 amat Ecus, Col. Arb. 21. 
 
 gravely: 1. severe: Cic: Quint.: 
 V. GRAVE. 2, austere (rare) : Join: 
 austere et Stoice, Cic. Mur. 55, 74. 3, 
 gravitcr : esp. with severe, Cic. CoeL 
 14, jj. See also seriously. 
 
 graver ; I. one who engrave* : 
 scalptor: v. engraver, ||. a tool for 
 engraving : caelum- Quint. 2, 24, extr. 
 
 grave -stone: mdnumentum: ▼ 
 
 TOM 8. 
 
 grave-yard : sgpulcrum : a common 
 g. for the Umer orders, commune plebi 
 s., Hor. S. 1,8, lo. See also cemetery. 
 
 gravitate : [in medium] niti, Lucr. 
 
 1, io8j; Cic N. D. 2, 45; in medium 
 vergere, Cic. 1. c. 
 
 gravitation : expr. by verb : v. 
 preced. art. See also gravity (I3L). 
 
 gravity: |. /wipo)to«ce: gra vitas, 
 momentum: v. importance. ||. .So 
 lemnity, graveness: 1. severitas: I 
 approve of g. in old age, but on no 
 account of sourness, s. in senectute 
 probo ; acerbitatem nullo modo, Cic 
 Sen. 18, 6;. Join: gravitas severitas- 
 que, Cic. Mur. ji, 66; iristitia et seve- 
 ritas, Cic Br. 25, 97. 2. tristitia (esp. 
 as shown in the countenance) : to deceive 
 by mock g.. tristitia vultuque decipere, 
 Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, extr. : Quint. 3. 
 gravitas ; v. dignity. |||, As scient! 
 t. t. : gravitas : cf. Cic N. 1). 2, 45. con- 
 teniio gravitatls et ponderum. Pbr. 
 all its parts (i. e. of the norld) obey tlie 
 law of g., omnes panes ejus nndique 
 medium locum capessentes, nituntur 
 aequaliter, Cic. 1. c. 
 
 gravy : L jus, juris, n. : Hor. S. 
 
 2, 8, 45 (where a recipe is given); Cic : 
 V. BROTH. 2. siicus (applicable to any 
 natural g,, flouring from cooked flesh) : 
 V. JUICE. 3. liquamen (esp. a kind 
 of fish-pickle : but also any exuded 
 juice or gravy ■ cf Pall. }, 25, med., Itq. 
 de pirisj : Apic Prepared with g. (or 
 saiKe), jurulemus, Cels. ; Uquamiiiatus, 
 Apic. 
 
 gray; 1. canus (Aoary: q, v.): a 
 g. colour, c color. Pall.: g. hairs, a 
 capiUl (for which simply cani, Cic. Sea
 
 GRAY-EYED 
 
 GREAT-COAT 
 
 ORE EDY 
 
 l8, 62 : Ov.) : PI. 2. incanus (poet.) : 
 V. HOARY. 3. caesius (bluish-i/ray : 
 only ol Ike ei/fs) : the briyht (/. ci/rs of 
 Miiierra, c. oculi Minervae, Oic. N. 1>. 
 1, }o, 8; : a maiden with g. eyes, cacsia 
 vir^o, Tit. 4. glaucus (like caesius: 
 but used also of things without life) : g. 
 eyes, a. oculi, Plin. : the g. willuw, g. 
 suli.\, Virp;. G. 4, 182. 5. ravus {red- 
 dish, yelloii-ish g.) : Hor. Oil. J, 21, ? : 
 Plin. 6. cinCraceus (a.?/»e"-^.) •• Plin. 
 27i 7' ^1 (c- color). To be g., caneo. 2 
 (esp. of thf. head), Virg. : to become g., 
 canesco, }, Plin.; Incanesco, }; Virg.: 
 Cat. 
 
 gray-eyed: caesius: Ter. Heaut. 5. 
 5, 18. 
 
 gray-hairs : 1. can' capilli ; cam : 
 
 V. GRAT (1). 2. canities, ei, /. : otily ] 
 men and horses fiave g., canities lioraini | 
 taiiiutn et equis, I'lin ii, f], 47: so 
 Umg as g. (= old age) are far away, 
 donee c. abest. Hor. Od. i, 9, 17. 
 
 gray-headed • 1. ' ""i"* : « 9- 
 lover, c. amator, Tib. : g. old aije, c. se- 
 nectus, Cat. To be g., cano capite esse, 
 PI. 2. canens, ntis {part, of caneo) : 
 g. old age, c. senectus, Virg. To be g.- 
 he/ukd, caneo, 2 : they even wear the 
 badge till they are g., Jam canent in- 
 signe.s, I'ac Ger. ji. To become g, ca- 
 nesco, ;: Ov. : Plin.: v. gray (/in.). 
 
 grayish: canescens, mis: v. gray 
 (fin.). Phr. : he icas now getting g., 
 *jam canescebat; canitiei pmpinr erat. 
 
 grayneSS : canities, tl, /. : usu. of 
 the hair : v. orav-hairs. 
 
 graze : !■ ^^ pasture . pascor, 
 
 pastus, ; (also in act.) : the herds g. over 
 the pastures, pascnntur aimenta per 
 herbas, Virg. : v. to feed (B., 2). ||. 
 To touch lightly: 1. stringo, n.\i, 
 
 ctum, ? (chiefly poet, in this sense) : the 
 iird g.d the surface of the tvaves, strln- 
 gebat suminas ales undas, Ov. Met. 11, 
 7 5! the oar-bla/le g.s the rocks, s. pal- 
 mula cautes, Virg. Aen. 5, i6j : to g. 
 the goals with tlte inner wheel, s. metas 
 interiore rota, Ov. Am. ?, 2, 12. Simly. 
 the comps. destringo, Ov. ; pracstringo 
 {just to g., or sHin), Suet. : Anmi. ; 
 perstrlngo, Virg. (but perstringo usu. 
 denotes more violent conta<;t : conip. 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 40, 102, vomere jiortam Ca- 
 puae perstrinxisti, i. e. nearly drove it 
 ugainst the gate). 2. rado, riisi, ra- 
 «um, J (like preced. chiefly poet.) : to g. 
 the goal (fig.), metam r., Ov. Am. j, 
 
 15.2"- 
 
 grazier : pecuarius (one who breeds 
 and keeps cattle) : Varr. R. R. j, 17 : 
 Cic. 
 
 grazing (subs:) .- 1. pecuarla pas- 
 tlo: Varr. R. R. i, i, med.: Col. 8, i 
 (pasiio includes also Ute rearing of 
 prmltry, etc.) : also pecuaria res (" sfni-k- 
 f arming "), or simply pecuaria, Varr. 
 1. c. ; and pecuaria negotiatio. Col. I.e. 
 2. expr. by verb : good, bad, toler- 
 able g.. bene, male, satis bene, pascere, 
 Cato in Oic. Off. 2, extr. 
 
 grazing (adj.): pascuus: g. lands, 
 ugri p., Cic. ; V. pastdre. 
 
 grease (subs.)-, adeps, pinguedo, etc. 
 V. FAT (subs.). 
 
 grease (''■) ■ 1. unso or unguo, 
 n.\i, iictum, } : good for g.ing axle-trees, 
 iitilis ungendis axibus, Mart. 2, 77, 2. 
 SImly., the comp. pf rungo : to use boars' 
 fat for g.ing the axles of carriages, 
 adipe verrino axibus vehiculorum per 
 ■ungendis uti, I'lin. 28, 9. J7 : to g. the 
 •mouth nith a dirty hand (in eating), ora 
 Immiuida p. nninu, Ov. A. A. j, 756. 
 2, illino, obltno, perlln(>(wUh some 
 such word as adipe): v. to besmear. 
 
 greasy: unclus: wit'i g. hands, u, 
 maiiibus, Hor. Ep. I, 16, 2j: g. uater, 
 \X. aqua, Hor. S. 2, 2, 68. 
 
 great: |. In ordinary senses : 1, 
 magnus, major, maximus: in most 
 senses : (a.) of size ; a g. and beautiful 
 house, m. et pulcra domus, Cic. : Cues. : 
 ▼.LARGE. (().) of quantity : a g. quan- 
 tity of .fodder, m. copia pabuli. Caes. : 
 '' g. sum of numey, m. sumiiia pecuniae, 
 ^ic. (c.) of weight or import: a g. 
 cause, m. causa, Cic. : g. things the gods 
 
 look to; little things they neglect, magna 
 dii curant; parva negliguiii. Cic: v. 
 IMPORTANT: esp. i\iyeu. sing.wsiKw,ata 
 g. price: of g. value: to think anything 
 of g. importunce, aliquid inagiii. ma.Kiini 
 e.\islim:irc, Cic. (d.) lofty, eminent : 
 Jupiter most gooil, most 3., Jupiter optl- 
 nius maxinms. Llv. : o g. nuxn, vir ni., 
 Cic. (e.) i)f mental or mural distinction : 
 g. ihfitmi). tn. iiifaniia, Cic: ttte g.est 
 himouis, ma.\imi honores, Cic. : g. and 
 even inaedible virtue, m. incredlbilisque 
 virius, Cic. : that is one of the very g.esl 
 faults in oratory. Id est in oratlone viti- 
 um vel maximum, Cic. Very g. ; per- 
 niagnus (in various senses): Ter.: Cic. 
 2. urandis, e (rather stronger than 
 magiiiis): (a.) of size: v. large, (b.) 
 ol quantity ov m>-asure: a very g. crop, 
 graiidissima seges, Varr. : a g. weight of 
 silver, g. pondiis argenti, Cic. : g. debt, 
 g. aes alienum, Sail, (c.) of distinction 
 of any kind: a y. coutest, g. certanien, 
 ilor. a £r.,/u»cii«/', g. munus, Hor. : v. 
 grand. '3. amplus: (a.) of pitysical 
 dimensions : Cic. : v. spacious, (b.) of 
 disliiwtion, importance: a g. and nou- 
 rishing state, civitas a. atque floreas, 
 Caes. (c.) of various abstract qualities : 
 (7.e7'poH'er, ampliorpotenlia, Plin. : much 
 g.er resentments, irae multo ampliores, 
 Ter. Hec. ?, I, 9 : a punishment late but 
 g., poena sera sed a., I'rop. 4, 5, n. 4. 
 ingens, ntis (unusually g. : chiefly, but 
 not .solely, of physical dimetisimts) : g. 
 ghrry, i. gloria, Liv. : g. deeds, i. facta, 
 Hor.: Virg.: Tac. : v. HUGE. 5. '">" 
 pensns (very g. : esp. ot price, lahour, 
 etc.) : at a very g. price, i. pretio, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 2 : Liv. 2, 9 (in Cic. Att. 14, U, 
 aii fin., the phr. h.is a totally different 
 sense := pretio non pcnso) : uith very g. 
 diligence, i. opera, Gell. 9, 14, med. : 
 very g. goodirill, i. voluntas, l,iv. : Tac. 
 6. (only in superl.) summus (of 
 abstract qualities): the g.est (highest) 
 hmuyurs, s. honores, Cic. : the g.est men 
 and endowed I'ith the g.est abilities, s. 
 homines ac s. ingeiiiis praediti, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 2, 6. 7. ('** a^ij- ""'}' '1 '^"" 
 par.) auctus : liome became g.er every 
 day, res Romana in dies auctior fieret, 
 Liv. 25, lb, med. : PI. Join: auctior 
 et amplior, lii v. Phr.: the g.est of evils, 
 ultima in malis, Brut, in Cic. : the g.est 
 faults, ultima vitia, t^uint. (v. extreme) : 
 so g., hoiv g., tantus, quantus (v. foil, 
 artt.) : to be too g. to be believed, tidem 
 excedere (v. to exceed) : no wry g. 
 disaster, nulla magnopere cladcs, Liv. i, 
 26: Cic. II. In/lueutial: e.sp. in phr., 
 the great : princlpes vlri, Hor. Kp. I, 17, 
 J5; nobile.s, nobilitas, opiiniates : v. Ko- 
 BiLlTv. Phr.: a, 9. /riemt, potens ami- 
 cus, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 12 ; niagnns amicus, 
 Juv. 1, J 5. Ill, With child: praeg- 
 naiis V pregnant. 
 
 great as. as: tantus quantus, or 
 quantus alone (the case of quantus de- 
 pends upon the nature of its own sen- 
 tence) : / never saif an assembly as g. 
 as yours, nullam continnem unquam 
 vldi, quanta vestra est, Cic. I'h. 6, 7, 18: 
 a hundred others as g. as I'olypheme. 
 quantus I'olyphemus [sc. tanti] centum 
 alii, Virg. 
 
 how : quantus (in direct or 
 
 indirect questions, and in exclamations) : 
 /(Old g. a man, [qualis eti q. homo, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 12, 51 : simly., Cic. has qui vir 
 et q. (e.xclam.), I)iv. i, 2;, 52: v. what. 
 Hoir g. soever may be expr. by qiian- 
 tuscunque or (not in Cic.) rpiantus quan- 
 tus (L. (j. ^\ Sj): also quaniusvis (Caes.: 
 Liv.), ((uantuslibet (Col.: Tac.) = asg. 
 a^ you pUuse, ever so g. 
 
 so: tantus: freq. followed by 
 
 quantus (v. AS great as); also by ul; 
 sog. an alarm as to disturb the mimls 
 of all in the highest degree, t. llmor ut 
 non raediocriter onmium animos pertur- 
 baret, Caes. 
 
 somewhat: aiiquantus: v. 
 
 considerable. 
 
 too: nimlus: v. excessive. 
 
 very : permagnus, maximus, 
 
 summus : v. grf-at. 
 great-coat: 1. l^enula (strictly 
 
 a cUiok rather than a coat : v. I ijot. Anu 
 s. V.) : it is as little ,'oo'i as a g. at wiX- 
 «um.Ti«- facit quod p. solstitio, Hur. Lp. 
 I, II, 18: Cic. Wearing such a gar- 
 ment, paeniilatus, Cic 2. lacema 
 (similar to preced. : v. IMct. Ant. s. v.): 
 Cic. Ph. 2, lo, 76: Suet. Aug. 41, ritr. 
 Wearing such a gamieid, laceruatus: 
 Veil. 3. pallium: v. cloak. 
 
 great - grandfather, etc. : v. 
 
 gbanukatmkr, elc. 
 
 greatly • 1. magnSp^rf- (albo 
 
 magno opcre); super. niaxini6[i$rt or 
 maximo ojK-re : to desiie fJearuie g., 
 vuluptates niagii'ipere desiderare, Cic 
 Sen. n,44: v. KABNtoTi.v. 2. valdg: 
 U) please g., v. placere, Cic; moie g. io 
 delight the peitple, vaMlus populuni ile- 
 lectare, Hor A. P. }2i (but compar. 
 rare) : to di-sire g., v. velle. Caes. In Cic. : 
 V. VERY. 3. v6h{menter : <« <iijrp/^a»« 
 g., v. displicere, Cic. : to tte g mistaken 
 v. errare, Cic: v. exceedingly. 4. 
 graviter: v. grievolsly. 5. (^T/ 
 g.) sunime: to desire very g., s. concu- 
 piscere, Cic. Quint. 21, 69: Caes. Phr.: 
 to be g. mistaken, longe errare, I'er. Ad. 
 I, 1, 40; errare protx-, PI. Am. i, }, 21 ; 
 multum falli, Phacilr. i, 2t, 6: comp. 
 supr. N.B.— The force of greatly Is 
 sometimes given 10 a verb by a prip. in 
 comp. : as, to admire g., demiror, eniiror 
 (v. TO ADMIRE); to love g.. deamo (v. to 
 LOVE); hating g., exosus, perosus (v. to 
 HATE), etc. See aLso much. Phr.: as 
 greatly as : tant6|i4re .... quanlOpJrf , 
 Cic. de Or. i, };, 164: Aoie g., quanl- 
 opere or quanto opere, Caes. B. G. 2, 5 • 
 Cic. : so g., tanlopere, foil, by ul, Sep. 
 Att. 7 ; by quatii, t^uint. Kp. 
 
 greatness: 1. niapnitiido (in 
 
 most senses: comp. great): the g. ol 
 the universe, xa. mundi, Cic: g. of a 
 punishment, m. poenae, Caes. : tfie g. 
 and thepou-er of loie, m. et vis amoris, 
 Cic: g. of soul, m. anluii, Cic: g. <;/ 
 intellect, m. Ingenii, Plin. 2. anipli- 
 tudo, inisj". (rxtensivevess or grandeur) : 
 tfie g. of a state, a. [et dignila*] civitaiie, 
 Cic de Or. 2, (9, 164: Caes. : g. of mind, 
 a. (stronger than magnitudo) aiiimi. Cic. 
 I'usc. 2, 26, 64 : g. of exploits, reruni 
 gestarum a., Nep. Alt. 18. 3. d'g- 
 nitas: v. dignity. 4. gravitas: v. 
 imi-ortance. 5. nuiles, is, / (lit. 
 mass: a strong .nd fig. expr.): force 
 devoid of wisd<im falls from sheer g. 
 vis cons'ili expers m. ruit sua, Hor. (W. 
 J, 4, 6; : the (enormous) g. of an evil, 
 mali m., Cic. Cat. J, 7. «7 = r^c. Phr.: 
 elevated beyond the limit of mertal g., 
 mortale fastigium egressus, Tac. Ann. 
 15, 74: see also, glory, distinction. 
 
 greave ("su. pi.): ocrea: the g. (so 
 called) because it uas fastened in Jiunt 
 of the shin, o., quod opponehalur r>h 
 cms. Varr. L. L. 5. M- j "6: poli^htd 
 g.s. leves o., Ov. Wearing gj (or <;<"• 
 iers). oirfatus, Hor. S. 2, }, 214: PUil 
 
 Grecian : C raecus : v. greek. P li r. : 
 a good a. (i. e. (ireek scJiiJar). *(bomo) 
 Graecarum lileraruin periius; Graecis 
 litteris inibutu> v .s<-molar. 
 
 Grecism: HellOnismus, Korcell. ; lo- 
 quendi genus a Graeco fonle deductum, 
 Benil. (Not Graecismus : for which 
 Korcell. gives Graeailio, e Vet Glo^s.) 
 
 greedily : !■ ^^Wf' i.-'''*' '" P""^ 
 
 sense): to drink g., a. hlbere, Kpigr. in 
 .Suet. Tib. 59: V. EAGERLY. 2. ivirO, 
 avarIier(only PI.) : v. c. iv tnxwsLY. 3. 
 cuplde. appgtenter: v. k:aoiuu.y. 7b 
 eat g.. obsorl)ere (to siraUou- at a mouth- 
 ful , Hor. S. 2, 8, 24. 
 
 greediness, greed: 1. ftvariu* 
 (graspiiiii ,li.-inisili"in : v. a)Vfc-n«f8- 
 
 nW. 2. avldllas V. EAGERNESS. 3 
 
 vOracfuis, Vdiiciuis. guliisllas : v. vora- 
 city. G lutt. in V . Phr.: accursed greed 
 of giM, aurl sacra fames, Virg. Aen 
 
 ' greedy : 1- *varus : the 0. Ully, 
 a. venter. Hor.- g. of slaughter. «a«lis 
 a., Claud. : v. t-ovETOi;s. 2. ftviduu: 
 
 V. EAGER. 3. Cipldus: V. DI.SIR0U&. 
 
 4. Max. v6rax : v. voraciocs. To 
 be g. after, Inhio, l (with ao: or datJ ■ 
 to be as g. after an iuhn-xtance at u
 
 GREEK 
 
 GKIEF 
 
 G R I EVOUSNESS 
 
 hungry vol/, hereditatem in. quasi esu- 
 riens lupus, PI. Si. 4. 2, 25 : ^ be g. for 
 booty, praedae iu., Val. Kl. J, 5?' = <« >^ 
 g. after any oite's death, mortem ali- 
 cnjus in., Caecil. in Gell. 2, 2j. See 
 
 also, TO DESIRE, COVET. 
 
 Greek {adj.) -. l. Graecus {bel/tng- 
 ing to Greece or tlie Greeks) : at the G. 
 Kalends (i. e. never), ad Kalendas Gr., 
 August, in Suet. vit. 8-;: to study G. 
 literature, Gr. Uteris studere, Cic. Br. 20, 
 •j8: Caes. Biinin., Graeciilus (mostly 
 used in a depreciatory sense) : a silly 
 affair indeed, and quite G., ineptum 
 sane negotium et G., Cic. Tusc. i, J5. 
 86: Juv.: Flor. 2. Graecanicus (m 
 G. fashion, after the manner of the 
 Greeks) : sovie words actually G., others 
 Grecized, alia (verba) Graeca, alia G., 
 Varr. L. L. ic, j, $ ^o: the G. toga (? the 
 pallium), G. toga, Suet. Dom. 4: Greeki- 
 fed soldiers, G. milites, Vukat. Av. 5. 
 3 Grains (chiefly poet.): Virg.j 
 Hor. Phr. : to unite, speak G., Graece 
 scribere, loqui, Cic. : to know G. very 
 uell, Graece optime scire, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 66, 265 : the name of this comedy in G. 
 is Alazon, Alazon Graece huic nomen est 
 comediae. Pi. Mil. 2, I, 8: to live or act 
 in G. fashion, Graecari, Hor. S. 2, 2, 11 ; 
 Graecisso, i (inspeecli) . PI. prol. Men. 12. 
 Greek {subs.) .- 1. Graecus : three 
 races of G.s, tria genera Graecorum, Cic. 
 Fl. 2'7, init.: in sing. Cic. has homo 
 Graecus, Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6 : Fl. 11, 24. 
 Dimin., in contemptuous sense : a poor 
 hungry G., Graeculus esuriens, Juv. j, 
 •}b : Cic. 2, Graius (rare) : out of so 
 many thousands of G.s, de tot Graiorum 
 minibus, Ov. Met. i j, 241 : among the 
 Cs, apud Graios, Cic. N. I), j, 21, 5?- 
 
 3. Grajugena (rare and poet.): gtn. 
 pi. Grajugenum for -arum, Virg. Aen. 3, 
 550. 
 
 green (adj.): \, or colour: 1. 
 ▼iridis, e: g. emeralds, v. sniaragdi, 
 Lucr. : very g. hills, viridisslmi coUes, 
 Cic: g. meat, v. pabulum. Col. ■;, 9. 
 Hence, perviridis, very g. : subviridis, 
 somewhat g.: Plin. 2. virens, viri- 
 dans (of things growing): v. vekdant. 
 3. prasiiius (leek-green) : a ball of 
 such a colour, pila p., Petr. 27 (v. Burm. 
 a. 1.) : a g. hue, color p., I'lin. }";, 10. 67 : 
 a driver dressed in g.. prasinus, Mart. 
 10, ^9, fin. : Petr. •)0,extr. : the g. faction 
 (in the Circus), p. factio, Suet. Cal. 55. 
 
 4. glaucns (sea-green) : the g. waves, 
 g. uniae, Virg. : the sea-g. sisters, g. so- 
 rores (i. e. Nereides), Stat. 5. herba- 
 ceus (grass-green): leaves of a grass-g. 
 hue, folia h. coloris, Plin. 20, i?, 51 : a 
 grass-g. flower, h. flos, Plin. (see also 
 GBEEN, to he). ||. Fresh, unseasoned, 
 unripe : 1. virldis, e (that )uis not 
 yet lost its juice or sap): g. dieese. 
 caseus v. [qui adhuc succum retinet]. 
 Col. 7, 8, inU. : g. (unseasoned) timber, 
 V. materia, Li v. 29, i, med. Fig.: a 
 ■^resh and g. old age, cruda v. que se- 
 nectus, Virg. : Tac. 2. rgcens : v. 
 FRESH. 3. crCdus {unripe) : g. apples, 
 c. poma, Cic: v. unrii'e. Fig.: g. 
 vounds, c. vulnera, Ov. Tr. j, 11. 19 : 
 bmtdage still g. (i. e. endured but for 
 a short time), c. adhuc servitium, Tac. 
 Ann. I, 8: cf. siipr. (1). 4. imma- 
 tiirus : v. unripe. 
 
 green (s"''S-) •■ !• The colour: co- 
 lor virldis, prasinus, herbaceus, etc.: v. 
 preced. art. Also simply viride, is, n. : 
 cf. baccae e viridi rubentes, Plin. 15, jo, 
 39. II, An open lawn : herbosus, 
 
 berbidus campus, locus : v. grassy. 
 III. In pi., cabbage, etc.: 61us, 6rls, 
 n. (both sing, and pi.) ; v. gardes- 
 stuff, VEGETABLES. 
 
 green, to be, become: vireo, ui, 2 
 
 (of foliage) : to be g. with fresh fdiage, 
 fronde v. nova, Virg. : the top (of the 
 mountain) is g. with pine trees, summa 
 virent pinu, Ov. : Cic. Hence, viresco, 
 i : to become g. : Virg. : Ov. : to become 
 g. again, rfiviresco, } : Ov. : Tac. 
 
 !?reen-crops : vlrldia pabula : Col. 
 7, n. 17? it. 
 
 greenfinch '■ fnngilla (generic term) : 
 Varr. (*Lo.\ia chloris, Linn.) 
 
 !?2 
 
 green-grocer : *61erura venditor : 
 or perh. olitorius [forum olitorium is 
 the market for green-grocery: Li v. 21, 
 62, init."], though the subs, does not oc- 
 cur. Phr.: to get one's living as a g., 
 agrestia olera vendens victnm quaerere, 
 Gell. In gen. perhaps 61itor (fcttcA^n- 
 gardi'.ier) : as the grower would com- 
 monly be the seller. 
 
 green-grocery : 6i"s, 6i5ra : v. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 greenhorn: tiro, onis, m. : i. e., a 
 mere beginner : v. novice. 
 
 greenhouse : perh. viridarium bi- 
 bemum : v. gardes. More precisely, 
 viridarium lapide speculari instruclum. 
 
 greenish: subviridis, e: Plin.: V. 
 
 GRE^:N. 
 
 greenness: I. Of colour: 1. 
 
 virldltas : the g. of meadows, v. pratorum, 
 Cic. : the g. of the sea, v. maris, Plin. 
 2. color viridis, etc. : v. green 
 (subs.). II. Fig.: unripeness: cru- 
 dltas, imniaturitas : v. unripeness. 
 green-sward: herba, caespes: v. 
 
 TURF. 
 
 green-wood : silva : v. forest. 
 
 greet : 1. ?aluto, i : g. Tiro in 
 my name, TiioMem saluta meis verbis, 
 Curius ap. Cic. : to g. any one kindly, 
 aliquem beoigne s., PI. : v. to salute. 
 Hence, consaluto (of mutual greeting) : 
 they had g.'d one another in a very 
 friendly way, inter se amicissime con- 
 salutaverant, Cic. de Or. 2, i, 1 i. 2. 
 salutem dico, j : esp in letters, where it 
 is often represented by S. D., or simply 
 S. ; as, M. T. Cicero to M. Marius g.ing, 
 M. T. C. M. Mario, S. (D.). We also 
 find S. D. M. or P., i. e. salutem dicit 
 multam or plurimam : Cic. passim. 
 Simly, when the greeting is conveyed 
 from another, salutem nunlio : / g. you 
 on belialf of your companiim, s. tibi ab 
 sodali nunlio, PI. Bac. 2, 2, 10: Cic. 
 Fam. 7, 14, where verbis [tuis] is added. 
 Also salutem impertio, ascribes iu same 
 sense : Tullia joins in hearty g.ing, s. 
 tibi plurimam ascribit T., Cic. Alt. 1, 5, 
 extr.; impertit tibi s. multam, Att. 2, 
 12, extr. 3. salvere jilbeo (used at 
 meeting; to bid "good-day"): Ter. ; 
 Cic. 
 
 greeter : 1. saivitator (mostly of 
 
 those who attended in the morning at 
 the doors of the great): Cic: Mart. 
 2. saliitans, ntis (esp. in pi.) : a 
 flood of g.s, salutantum unda, Virg. G. 
 2, 462. 
 
 greeting (subs.): 1. salutatio: 
 
 V. SALUTATION. 2. consalulatio (mu- 
 tual g.): Cic. 3. salus, litis, /. : am 
 I not worthy of ag.? non ego sum dig- 
 nus salutis? PI. Tr. 5, 2, 29: esp. in 
 phr., to send a g., s. dicere, nunliare, as- 
 cribere : v. to greet. 
 
 gregarious: grggalis, e: g. cattle, 
 g. pecua, Apul. 6, p. 162. Phr.: ele- 
 phants areg., elephanti gregatim semper 
 ingrediuntur, Plin. 8. 5, ;. . [Gregarius 
 is belonging to a herd or company.'] 
 
 gregariously : gregatim : Piin. : 
 
 Col. : v. GREGARIOUS. 
 
 grenade: perh. pyrobolus: v. BOMB. 
 
 grenadier : cannot be translated : 
 *eo genera miles qui grenadiers di- 
 cuntur. 
 
 grey : v. gray. 
 
 greyhound : perh. vertagus, verlaga 
 (also vcrtr-) : v. hound. 
 
 gridiron: craticiila: Mart. 14, 221. 
 
 grief: 1. dolor (most gen. term): 
 to cause any one y., alicui d. afferre, fa- 
 cere. Cic: to be affected u-ith great g., 
 magno d. affici, Cic. : the death of Ariu- 
 vistu.s is a source of great g. to the Ger- 
 mans, magno est dolori Germanis Ario- 
 visti mors, Caes. : to feel g. at anything, 
 ex aliqua re d. percipere (capere), Cic. 
 Kep. I, 4: to revive any one's g., ali- 
 cujus d. refricare. Cic. de Or. 2, 48, fin. ; 
 cf. d. suum scindere, Cic. Att. ?, 15, 2: 
 to diminish and assuage g., d. minuere 
 acmoUire,Sulp. in Cic. Fam. 4, 5. 4. 2. 
 aegritudo, inis, f. (any iineasiness of 
 mind: Cic. Tusc. ?, 10): to die of g., 
 aegritudine mori, PI. 3. moeror (tor- 
 roiv, mourning ; with ref. to outward 
 
 signs of g.): g. is an imeasiness oj 
 mind attended with tears, m. est aegri- 
 tudo flcbilis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18: to be 
 overwhelmed iirith g.. jacere in moerore, 
 Cic. Att. 10, 4, med. 4. luctus, is 
 (deep g.) : g. is distress at the bitter end 
 of one w)u) was dear, 1. est aegritudo ex 
 ejus qui cams luit interitu acerbo, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 8, 18: to 6e overwhelmed with 
 lamentations and g., in [sordibus], la-j 
 mentis, luctu Jacere, Cic. in Pis. }6, 89. 
 (N.B. — Though specially applicable to 
 grief for bereavement, ace. to Cic.'s de- 
 finition, luctus may be used of other 
 keen sorrow: cf Cic. Kam. 14, i,init.) 
 To be in g., dSleo, moereo, etc.: v. to 
 GRIEVE, MOUKS. See also sorrow. 
 
 grievance: i- e. a ground of com.- 
 plaint : 1, desiderium (in later au- 
 thors : lit. o request, petition) : to report 
 to Caesar the g.s complained of by the 
 soldiers, d. militum ad Caesarem ferre, 
 Tac. Ann. i, 19 ; to redress the g.s of the 
 soldiery, d. mill mm ordinare. Suet. Aug. 
 
 17, ra<d. 2. qugrim5nia, querela (tfte 
 complaint itself) : at Rome the g 1 (oj 
 the people) uere being brought for- 
 ward, Honiae querimoniae de injuriis 
 habebantur, Cic. Verr. }, 57, 1 }2 : many 
 g.s being adduced on either side, quum 
 multae q. ultro citroque jactatae assent, 
 Liv. 7, 9 : V. complaint. 3. injiiria 
 (wrong done) : v. ikjukt. 
 
 grieve: A. Trans. : 1. expr. 
 by dOlor with a verb: e. g., d. alicui 
 facere, Cic. Att. u, 8; efflcere, ib. 12, 
 
 18, init. ; afferre, Cic. Q. Fr. I, j, extr.; 
 aliquem dolore aflScere, id. Fam. i, y, 
 init. : v. GRIEF. 2. criicio, excrucio, 
 1 (both of acute distress) : / am over- 
 whelmed with sorrow ; nor is it my oivn 
 sufferings which g. me any more than 
 thine, conficior moerore ; nee meae me 
 miseriae magis excruclant quam tuae, 
 Cic. Fam. 14, }. 3. ango, ^ : v. to 
 VEX, DISTRESS. 4. piget, 2 : V. foil, 
 art. B. 1 u t r a n s., to grieve, be 
 grieved: 1, dSleo, 2 (foil, by direct 
 ace, ace. and in fin., and abl. alone or 
 with de) : to g. for any one's death, 
 alicujus mortem d., Cic. Gael. lo, 24: 
 to g. on my, thy, anij one's a/xvunt, 
 meam, tuam, alicujus vicem d., Cic. 
 Att. 8, 15, extr. : ib. 6, j, 2 : / am sure 
 you g. for Ilortensius, de Hortensio te 
 certo scio dolere, Cic. Att. 6, 6, }: to 
 g. (feel resentment) for the wrongs of 
 one's country, injuriis suae patriae d., 
 Liv. 29, 21. 2. piget, uit, 2 (im- 
 pers.; with ace. of sulyect and gen. of 
 object) : / am g dfar my brother, fratris 
 me piget, Ter. : Cic. : v. sorky (to be). 
 
 3. liigeo, moereo : v. to mourn. 4. 
 expr. by dolor and a verb: to g. very 
 greatly, sunimo d. affici, Cic. : v. grikp. 
 5I indolesco, ui, i (chiefly in perf. 
 tenses : to g. at something) : foil, by occ. 
 and inf., Cic. Ph. 2, 25, 61. To cease to 
 g., deduleo, 2 (rare) : Ov. R. Am. 29?. 
 
 grievous : 1. gravis, e (burden- 
 some, hard to bear): a g. wound, g. 
 vulnus. Liv. : to lay one low tuith g. de- 
 struction, aliquem sternere exitio g., 
 Hor. : V. SEVERE. 2. acerbus (lit. 
 bitter; hence painfully affecting) : g. 
 death, a. mors, Nep.: to render euite 
 greater and more g. by speech, mala ma- 
 Jora et acerbiora verbis facere, Cic. : very 
 g. tributes, acerbissima tributa, Cic. 3. 
 durus (hard, cruel) : g. pains, d. doloras, 
 Virg. : a g. disease, PI. : g. poverty, d. 
 pauperies, Hor. : v. cruel. 4. "'6- 
 lestus : V. troublesome, burdensomf. 
 5. atrox, ocis (fierce, unrelenting) : 
 g. danger, a. periculum, Liv. jj, 5, init. : 
 the g. hour of the blazing Dog-star, a. 
 bora Ciiniculae flagrantis, Hor. Od. }, 
 
 U. 9- 
 
 grievously: 1. graviter: to com- 
 plain g., g. quari, Cic. : to be g. ill. g. 
 aegrotare, id. : v. seriously. 2. valde, 
 vehementer: v. greatly. 3. acerbe: 
 V. bitterly. 4. atrociter : v. fiercely. 
 Phr.: to be g. mistaken, valde errare, 
 falli. etc. : V. greatly. 
 
 grievousness : 1. acerbitas (Int- 
 terness ; afflicting nature) : g. of extreme 
 sorrow, a. summi luctus. Cic. I''am. j^
 
 R I F F 1 N 
 
 GROPE 
 
 GROUN D 
 
 ibiinit. 2. (in connexion wllh words 
 denoting something e.i'il) : magnitudo 
 a. of dunyei: of lialred, ni. perituli, odii 
 T. GREATNKbs. 3. expr by adj : O 
 tlu g. of swh a fate '. c«ftum acerbuni, 
 lucluoftuin ' V r.RiEvoDS, sad. 
 
 gliffill . in-vps, gryphls. m. : also gry- 
 phu^ i (Mela) : Virg. E. 8, 27. 
 
 grill ■ torreo. 2 • v. to roast, brofl. 
 
 %liai I, lonm ("f stem, thrt-at- 
 emng aspect) ■ the 9. forehead {of I'Uy- 
 phemus), t. Irons, Vlrg. Aen. j, 6}6. g 
 Mars, t. Mars, H..r. Od. i. 28, 18. 2. 
 trux, triicaienius {HerceUmking) : v 
 FIERCE. 3. alro.x, 6cl3: v dark, sa- 
 vage. 4. horrldus {rugged, fnglU- 
 
 ^Ul): V HORRID. 
 
 KTimace: 1. distortus vultus a 
 g very ill becomes an orator, oratorl 
 mlniine convenit d. vultus, (iu\M.b, } 
 ig 2 orisdepravailo: CIc deOr. 2, 
 62] 25 2- I'bT.- to vialce g.s, os torquere, 
 Cic. Off. I, ?6. iJi; ducere, id. Or. 25. 
 extr.i distorquere, Ter. Kun. 4, 4, Ji 
 comp. vultum diicere, Ov. Met. 2, 774: 
 to make g.s with tlie lips, labra distur- 
 quere, Quint i, 11, (): full of g.s. vuHu- 
 osns. e.g., V pronuntialio, a delivery 
 characterised bij g.!<, Quint. 11, J, i8}. 
 Klimly • lorvum. torva (poet ; cf. 
 
 L. G. s'l J44) ■ 'o '^"'' 3- torva tuen, 
 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 467. 
 irrimness: torvitas rac. 
 Irimy ■ 1. squalldus {rough. foiiT) : 
 
 unttnded and g. legs, neglecta ac sq. 
 
 crura, Juv. 9, 15 : Hor. : v. foul. 2, 
 
 squalens, ntis (esp. poet): a g^ beard. 
 
 sq. barba, Virg. Aen 2, 277. 3. nfger. 
 
 era, crum : g. icith Trojan dust. n. pul- 
 
 vere l-rolco; Hor. Od. 1, 6, 15: ^Ipily. 
 
 nigrans pulvere, Val. Kl. i. i?. Vhv. 
 
 frightfully g., tenibili s<iiialore [tba- 
 
 ronj, Virg. Aen. 6, 299 <o be jr., squa- 
 
 lere, Sil. 10, 5": !"'«<« S "^'"^ ^""''ff' 
 fumosae imagines, Cic. in I'is. i, i-.uith 
 eyes sore and g., fuligine lippus (of a 
 smith). Jav 10, 1 JO. 
 grin ("•); n° «"*"='• ^^■""*- ^ ■ 
 
 pervirso distorquere ora cacliinno, A. A. 
 ), 287 Pomp, in Non., ridentem nngi , 
 (ringor alone is to open " ide the. jaws ; 
 esp as a dog) : perh. »dislono vi.ltu 
 ridere, indecoro rictu ridere : or smiply 
 ridere, which includes aU Idnds of laugh- 
 ter, cf. Hor S. 2, ?, 72 
 
 grin {subs ) : •risus Indgcens, nsus 
 dlstorius (cachinnus is loml laughter) 
 V LAUGH. Phr. to set your bstaner 
 <m the broad g., risu diducere rictum au- 
 ditflds, Hor. S. i, 10, 7 
 
 erind I. Lit: to rediue to a 
 
 powder: 1. ni61o, ui. itum, r tog. 
 in a mill, in pistriiio m., Ter ground 
 com.molita cibaria, Caes.: to g. barley 
 to a line powder, liordeum in subtilem 
 ,'arinam ra.. Plin. Comp. commolo 
 (rare) : to g very fine, minutissniie c, 
 Col. 12, 28, init. 2. expr by mola 
 and a verb: e. g., mola frangere, Plm. 
 18 7, 14-, terere, I'etr 74: Plin.; com- 
 minuere (10 g. fine), Ov. M(d. 72. 3. 
 pinso, lundo; v. to pound. ||. Jo 
 shape by grinding: torno. i ■ tog stone 
 into vesseU, lapidem in vasa t., Plm. J6. 
 22, 44. III. F'K-: ^" 9- <lown.^ op- 
 primo, pressi, ssum, i ■ more fully, |Oivi- 
 tatem] oppressam tem-re, Nep. Ihras. 
 I- Cic; V. TO OPPRESS. IV. In ph""., 
 to a the teeth: deniilms stndere, Cels. 2, 
 6. ad med. : denlibus frendere (v. to 
 gnash). , . , _ 
 
 ifrinder ■ I ^"* '"'^ gnnds .- mo- 
 litor (rare) .' Ulp. Dig. A colour g., co- 
 loruni tritor. Plin. J5, 11, 4°. ^ 4'- II 
 A molar tooth: (dens) geiiminis: the 
 OS denies inlinil qui gemiini Vdcuitur, 
 Clc. N. 1). 2, 54. IJ4: also used in s,ng 
 and absol., Juv. ;, 69 Pers. The same 
 teeth are also called dentes maxillarcs, 
 Cels 6 Q.med.- molare.s Jnv. ij, 212. 
 grin^tone- co3,c6tis,/. v. whet- 
 stone. 
 
 sriD {v.) arripio, j v. to seize. 
 grip {subs.) expr. by manus- v. 
 
 GRASP {subs.). . . , 
 
 gripe («•) i- p- »" c""** (i"pi'"9 "J 
 the bowels : torminibus afficere v 
 
 GBIPES. 
 
 gripe {subs.): I Hold: eipr. by 
 mSnus V. (;ka.>-p ||. In pi. the 
 
 grifirs, a disorder of the bowels, tor- 
 mina, um, 71. : to be seized vnth the g.. 
 torminibus affki, Plin. 29, 5. » = fl'^' 
 tulevce and g. are brought on, ipfWtio 
 ciiiiirahltur el t, Plin. 22, 25, ')2: to re- 
 move the g.. t. disculere, Plin. 26, 8, 47. 
 Troubled vith the g., tormiiii.sus, Clc. 
 Tusc. 4. 12, init. : to be troubled with the 
 q , ex intestlnis liborare, Cic. Kam. 7, 26. 
 
 griping {adj.) |, of the nature 
 
 of y lilies: perh. torminosus: v. preced. 
 art. (/?!.). Phr.: a g. pain, Inteslin- 
 orum dolor: v. intestines. ||, •'ig-: 
 oppressive, causing privation: perb. 
 (lurus, saevus to banish g hunger, fa- 
 mem duiam pro;)eUere, Hor. S. 1,2,6 
 g. pocrly, duris urgens in rebus egestas, 
 Virg (;. I, 146. 
 
 grisly: horrendus: v. horrible. 
 
 grist: I. Corn-ground: farina; 
 frumentiim molituni: v. meal; to 
 grind, II, Cm n for grinding : *fru- 
 mentum (ad) inulendum. 
 
 gristle ; cartllago, Inis, /. ; CeLs. 
 
 gristly; cartilaginfus: Pan., cartl- 
 laainosus : Cels. ■ Pliii. 
 
 grit, grits: I. '>/ '^o™-. , Ij 
 
 perh. lar, farris, n. : barley g.s sprinkled 
 uith wini. f. hordeaceum vino resper- 
 sum. Col. 8, u. Oil fin.: Varr. 2. 
 (of barley): ptisana . Cels. 2, 18. See 
 also MEAL. II, (If sand and gravel : 
 gliirea cum sabulo mixta v. gravel. 
 
 gritty : P*"''''. scrupeus, scruposus 
 {full of small stones) : v. stonv. 
 
 grizzled: canus, canitiei proplor; 
 
 v. GRAY 
 
 groan ('•)•■ 1. g'^'""- "'• >*"■"• ^ 
 
 to mourn and g. on any one's account, 
 pro aliquo lugere, g., Cic. . to g. one's 
 last, extrema g., Virg.: to g. deeply, 
 niuUum g., Phaedr. : also found with 
 ace. : to g. over an evil in secret, malum 
 occulte g., Cic. in Sen. 5, exlr. : v. to 
 SIGH, bemoan. 2. ingCmo, etc., } {10 
 g.over: with in and abl. ; also dat.) : 
 to y. over anything, in aliqua re ing., 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 26, init. : to g. over on^s lot, 
 conditioni suae ing., Liv. }6, 28. extr. 
 Incept., ingemisco, } (with same sense 
 and constr.), Cic. Tusc. 5, 27,77 Cabsol.): 
 id. Att 7, 2 J. See also groan {subs.); 
 and to sigh. 
 
 groan, groaning {subs.) .- g«mitus, 
 
 us ; howUviis and g.s. ejulatus et g. 
 
 {plur.), Cic. Haiusp. 18, J9 : to heave, 
 
 fetch a g., g. ducere, ciere, toUere, dare, 
 
 Virg. ; g. edere, pelere, Ov. Join- ge- 
 
 mitus et plangor; lamentatlo et gemi- 
 
 tus, Cic. 
 
 groats : far, ptisana- v. grits. 
 
 grocer : perh. condimentarius (a 
 
 ileahr in ' cundiinents : Tert. fig.); or 
 
 lurarius (a dealer in frank-incense or 
 
 spices generally) ; comp. Hor., in vicum 
 
 vendentem tus et odores et piper, etc., 
 
 Kp 2, I, 268 : v. Forcell. s. v A g.'s 
 
 shop, *talierna coiidimi-ntiria, turaria. 
 
 grocery : perh. merces condimenta- 
 riae : or coiidimeuta (" tus et odores et 
 piper, etc.") ; v. grocer. 
 
 groin; I. Lit. : inguen, Inis, «. : 
 Ov. : Hor : Cels. Often in pi. : inguina : 
 Cels. : Plin. ||. As architectural 
 
 term . *tornicum decussatio : v. inter- 
 section. 
 gromwell : nthospemium Plin. 
 groom (subs.). 1. agaso, onis. 
 tivo horse* with their g.s. duo oqui cum 
 a., Liv. 4;, 5, fin. 2. equiso, onis (of 
 moredignity than preced.): Varr .Val. 
 Max.; V. EyuEKKY. 3. stabtllarins 
 (a keeper of stalls for cattle generally . 
 also an innkeeper) : Ulp. 1 'ig. 4. 9- « 5 5- 
 
 groom (V- tr.): (.quum) euro. I 
 Sabinus Mass. in Gell. 4, 20, ad fin. 
 
 groove: 1. ciinrdis, is, m. .- Vitr. 
 ?, 5 (?)• 7 (where a particular groove in 
 Ionic capitals is inlendid). Fig.: to 
 run in a certain g., certo c. decurrere, 
 (^aduU. in Non. J, 5°- J^imin. canali- 
 culus, Vitr. 2. stria: v. fluting. 
 
 grope : praetento, i (to feel before 
 one): deprived of sight, he g.d for his 
 road with a staff, praetentabat baculo, 
 2 A 
 
 luminis orbus, iter, Ov lb. 258: Tib. 
 V. to fkel (I.). Phr ut'(/i one hand 
 the gs about for her dark way, alterft 
 (maiiu) motu caecum iter explorat, Ov. 
 Met 10, 455 Tib.: he carifully g.s hit 
 way with his hands, praefert cauuus 
 subsequlturque manus, Ov. F. 2, i}6. 
 Fig. to g at noonday, caligare in sole, 
 Quint. I, 2, IQ' to roam and g about f</r 
 the jxith of life, viam palanlesquaerere 
 vitae, Lucr. 2, 10. 
 
 gropingly: p{d6teiitim(/«irIin^on«'« 
 vti^ ,- lautiously) : Cic. : ler. (or expr. 
 by verb to ualk g along, •praelentando 
 [pedibus, manibus, baculuj viam ince- 
 dere ct L. G ^ 541 ; v. t<j grope). 
 
 gross. I, IViicAr : crassus, densuB, 
 pinKuis . "v. DENSE. Fig. g ignorance, 
 folly, etc., magna, ingens, Incredibills 
 ignorantia, etc.: v. great, iniredible, 
 etc. II. Indelicate: turpis, ind{c6- 
 
 rUS. V INDECENT, |||. HTutle, «ti- 
 
 tire : chiefly in phr., in the g.,g. amount : 
 to take peoples opinvms i»i the g., t-eii- 
 tentlas [quasij pi-r saturam exquirere. 
 Sail. Jug. ict.fin. : to estimate in the g. 
 In universum aestlmare, Tac. Agi. 11 : 
 theg. amount, summa [omnium rerum] 
 v. susi. 
 
 frOSSly: I. Gnatly: gravlter, 
 
 6menter: v. greatly, grievouslt 
 II. Indecently: tuqdter v indb- 
 
 CENTLY. 
 
 grossness: I. Greatness: mag- 
 nitudo, gravftas: v. greatm-^ss, hein- 
 ousNESs. II. Indecency: turpliudo 
 Cic. See also coarseness. 
 
 grot, grntto: 1, antrum 'nealh 
 the pleasant g., grato sub a.. Hoi. 
 stretched out at full length in the ver- 
 dant g., viridi projectus in a., Virg. 2 
 museum (a g. made of rock-work) Pliu. 
 j6, 21, 42. See idso CAVE. 
 
 grotesque: no exact word perh. 
 *iiovus s. mirus et quasi per ludibrium 
 compositus: the ape is a g. aealure, 
 I *simia ridiculum animal el quasi a ludi- 
 bunda natura profectum g. gestures. 
 *gi stus ridiculi ac distorti. 
 
 grotesquely : *ridicule ac distorte. 
 in novum alque ridiculum modum v. 
 
 RIDICULOUSLY. 
 
 grotesaueness : *n<"a «<= ridicnla 
 forma s. species. 
 
 ground {^ubs.}: \. Lit: the 
 
 earth, soil .- 1. humus, i, /. : the g. 
 dyed with blood, h. infecta sanguine, 
 Sail. : Acestes raises his friend from the 
 y., Acesics ab h. tollit amicum, Virg. 
 humo is also used without prep. : Virg. 
 Aen. ?, J • to sit on the g., humo i-ederr, 
 Ov. Met 4, 261 : but see in/r. : funic 
 g., Punica h., Ov. E s p. on or to Wit g., 
 hunii : to Hi uptm the g., h. Jacere, Clc. 
 a place sunk about 12 feet in the p., 
 locus circiter xii. pedes h. depres-sua. 
 SalL Cat. 55 : to fling on^s liody upon 
 the g., b. corpus abjicere. Curt 10, 5, 
 med.: to fall to the j/., h. priKiinibere. 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 481. 2. >"'""! {the 
 level g.): to level everything with Vie g., 
 solo omnia aequare, Liv. 24. 47, fin. : to 
 be burnt to the (;., ad s. exuri, Liv jo. 
 
 26, med.: Cic. 3. U'rra to fall U 
 tlie g., ad t. accidere, PI. . to Jail to tkt 
 g. from on horseback, decldere in t ex 
 equo, Nep. Kum. 4 : to pick up stones 
 from lite g.. saxa de t toUere, Cic. Caec. 
 
 21, 60. ||. ^ place for an engage- 
 ment, etc.: I6cus. to give the enemy 
 battle on very disadvantageous g.. ini- 
 quissimo (iiostris) I. proeliiim commit- 
 tere, Caes. : to cf«Jr the g. for an en- 
 campment, I. purgare ad castra. Liv. 21, 
 
 27, init. III. I'osition.aihxihtage in 
 phr. to gain t,r lose g : (i). to gain g. : 
 
 1 hosiem commOveo, 2 ((o ^i«c<- 
 troops' from the groutid) ; it chanced 
 that .r'unius was the first to gain g. of 
 the enemy, prior forte Junius coramovii 
 h., Liv. 9, 40, med. 2. prollcio, ft'cl, 
 fe'clum, ? (to make jyrogrets) • to gam no 
 g. in the siege of a ton-n, nihil In oppug- 
 imtione oppidi'p., Caes. B. G. 7, 2o,./in. . 
 Cic: to gain mudi g.. multum pr.,Nep. 
 Fum. 10. 3, scrpo, psi, plum, } (it 
 non-mi lit. si^nse : to makf gradual, in- 
 sidious, progress: of Uungs not per- 
 
 3S3
 
 GROUND 
 
 GROW 
 
 GROW UP 
 
 sons) : the aislun of xnong-daing easily 
 gains g., facile s. peccandi consuetude, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, init.: the rumour 
 gains g., 8. rumor, Cic. Mui'. 21, fin.: 
 Liv. 4. peicrebresco, increbresco, 
 
 J (of customs, rumour, etc. : to gain 
 prevalence) : v. to spread, (ii). to loseg. : 
 1. incllno, pedem refero (of troops'* 
 
 V. TO GIVE WAY, FALL B.VCK. 2. 
 
 obsolesco, levi, lelum, i : (of things) to 
 become Uss prevalent or important : 
 this is the only branch of revenue uhich 
 does not lose g. in time of war, hoc unum 
 vectigal in bello non obs., Cic. Agr. i, 
 T, 21 : one was distinguished in war, 
 but lost g. {•'fell into the background ") 
 in peace, enituit aliquis in bello, sed 
 obsolevit in pace, Plin. Pan. 4: see also 
 
 TO DECLINE. DECAY. IV. Keg^'^, 
 
 sphere of action : locus : ih'S is danger- 
 ous g. (fig.), anceps hie et lubricus 1. est, 
 Plin. Ep, 1,8,6 : that g. has bent cleared 
 by me in five books, perpurgatus est is 1. 
 a nobis quinque libris, Cic. Div. 2, i, 
 init. V. '''''■^ basis m- ground" ork of 
 a picture or tune: *quasi fundniientum 
 tabulae s. cantus. VI. Hiisun or 
 
 basis of action : 1. causa : you. have 
 the g.s of my opinion, babes causaiii 
 oplnionis meae, Cic. : v. rkason. 2. 
 ratio, onis, /. : to defend our ohm side 
 by various arguments and g.s, nostra 
 confirmare argumentis ac r., Cic. de Or. 
 2, 19, 80. Join: consilii causa ratio- 
 que, Cic. Div. Verr. init. 3. locus: 
 esp. in pi., when it denotes the grounds 
 of piool : Cic. Top. 2, 7, sq. 
 
 ground ("•) ■■ lundo, i : V. TO FOTTND, 
 ESTABLISH. P h T. : to be uell g.'d in any 
 branch <fknoiiiedge,a.Tteina.{i(iuambene 
 s. penitus perceptani habere, cf Cic. Fam. 
 7, 19; artis alicujus praecepta cognita 
 penitusque perspecta habere, cf. Cic. de 
 Or. I, 20, 92; artem aliquam fideliler 
 dulicisse, Ov. : to g. pupils thoroughly 
 in grammar, *grammaticae artis fuii- 
 damenta bene solideque Jacere ; disci- 
 pulos grammaticis rationibus diligenter 
 imbuere. 
 
 ground ("• intr.) : haereo, 2 : v. 
 
 AGROUND. 
 
 ground-floor : ea pars aedificli quae 
 piano pede est, iristituitur, cf. Vitr. 6, 8 
 (11), init. : cf. id. 7, I, init. : to work on 
 the g. (or gen., on the ground, opp. to 
 on a storey, contignatio), in piano opus 
 faoere, Ulp. Dig. IJ, 6, 5 } 7. frhe 
 word pedeplana, =quae pede piano sunt, 
 belongs to c;idens Latinilas: v. Forceli. 
 s. V.) Someiimes pavimentum may 
 serve: v. pavement. 
 
 ground-ivy : chamaeclssus (;<a|Liat'- 
 <ci<r<ros), i, /. ; Plin. (*glecoma hedera- 
 cea, Linn.). 
 
 groundless: 1. vanus (empty): 
 g. fears, v. metus, Hor. : g. confidence, 
 V. fides, Virg. : nor was the charge alto- 
 gether g., nee tola ex vano criniinalio 
 erat, Liv. jj, ji,ad init. 2. falsus: 
 g. anxiety, f. soUicitudo, Ter. Heaiit. i, 
 2. }■ g. terrors, f. terrores, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 
 I, 212: v. FALSE. 3. fictUS, COm- 
 
 meiiticius : v. false, imaginary. 4. 
 nugatorius (having nothing in it): a 
 malicious and g. accusation, mala atque 
 n. accusatio, Cic. R. Am. 15, 42. Ph r. : 
 a confidence ivhich certainly was not 
 utterly g., tiducia quae non de nihilo 
 profecto coneepta est, Liv. ;o, 29, w^d. 
 groundlessly : 1- faiso (strictly, 
 
 on false grounds): to complain g., f. 
 queri, Sail. Jug. wt«.: Cic: v. falsely. 
 2, temgre : g. (at random, without 
 sufficient reason) to believe, t. credere. 
 Sail. Cat. J I Cic. Font, init: v. reck- 
 lessly. 3. e.\ vano: v. groundless 
 (I). 4. de iiihilo : PI. Cure. 4, 1, 17 : 
 comp. preced. art.. /in. 
 
 groundlessness : perh. vanltas : v. 
 EMPTINESS, hollowness. More freq. 
 expr. by adj. or phr. : to shmo the utter 
 g. of a suspicion, *omnino falsam esse 
 suspicionem monstrare; ut reapse de 
 nihilo profecta sit suspicio manifestum 
 facere. 
 
 ground-nut : setum (Egi/ptian) : 
 Plin. 21, 15, 52 
 Linn.) 
 
 JS4 
 
 ground-pine : chamaepeuce (xa^a'- 
 nevKY]), es,/. : Plin. 
 
 ground-rent : solarium, quod pro 
 solo penditur, Ulp. Dig. 4J, 8, 2 $ 17. 
 
 groundsel: sgneclo, onis, m. .- Plin. 
 25, 1}, 106 (s. vulgaris, Linn.). 
 
 groundwork: i. of building: 
 substructio : they put out to contract the 
 g.s rni the Aequimelium Qfor a market, 
 Cic. Div. 2, 17], substructionem super 
 Aequimelium locaverunt, Liv. j8, 28 : 
 Cic. Mil. 20, 55 (pi.): Vitr. 6, 8 (11), ;: 
 see also FOUNDATION. II. Fig. -.the 
 basis of an argument, etc. : fundamen- 
 tum : the beginning and g. of a defence, 
 iriitium ac f. defensiouis, Cic. Clu. 10, }o. 
 
 group (subs.) : I. Of persons : 1, 
 globus (a body of men collected for what- 
 ever purpose: not in Cic): the g. of 
 people round Fabius, circa Fabium g., 
 Liv. 8, J2, ad fin. : Tac. 2. circillus 
 ("a laiot" of people): they talked (of 
 it) in the market-places and ^vhere g.s 
 if people were assembled, per fora et c. 
 locuti sunt, Tac. Agr. 4}: he withdrew 
 himself from the g., de c. se subduxit, 
 Cic. y. Fr. J, 4, od init. : to be sur- 
 rounded by a large g. (of auditors), 
 niagno coronari c. Mart 10, 62. Hence, 
 in g s, circulatim. Suet. : to form g.s 
 (for conversation), circular!, Caes. B. C. 
 I, 64, ad init. ||. A combination of 
 figures in art: 1. symplegma, atis, 
 n. : Plin. }6, 5, 4 } 6. 2. tiirma (a 
 g. of equestrian statues) : Cic. Att. 
 6, I, 14. 
 
 group ("•)•■ I. Trans.: to ar- 
 range figures, etc., in a work of art : 
 
 dispono, i: V. TO ARRANGE. ||. I n- 
 
 trans.: to gather in groups: circiilor, 
 I: Caes. : v. group (I). 
 
 grouving (^"''S-)-' dispositio: Apelles 
 was inferior to Amphion in g.. Apelles 
 cedebat Amphioni de d., Plin. J5, lo, j6 
 
 ^10: v. ARRANGEMENT. 
 
 grouse: 1. lagopiis, podis, Plin. 
 2. tetrao, onis, Plin. (generic term, 
 Linn.). 
 
 grove : 1. lucus, i, m. (a sacred 
 g.) : Alban hills and g., Albani tumuli 
 atque I.. Cic. : a sacred g. surrounded 
 by a dense forest, 1. frequenti silva sep- 
 tus, Liv. 24, }, init. 2. ngmus, oris, 
 n. (icoodland with pastures) : a cool g., 
 gelidum 11., Hor. : Cic. : v. wood. 3. 
 silva (strictly a forest) : the g.s of Aca- 
 demus, s. Aaidemi, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 45. 
 
 grovel: perb. serpo, psi, ptum. }: 
 comp. Hor. A. P. 28, serpit humi tutus 
 nimium, etc.: chiefly used in particip. 
 form : V. foil. art. 
 
 grovelling (aJ?.) •• 1. hflrailis. 
 e ; g. cares, h. [et sordidae] curae, I'lin. 
 Ep. I, J, J : a g. and anything but ge- 
 nerous 01-igin of friendship, h. et mi- 
 nime generosus ortus amicitiae, Cic. 
 Am. 9, 29 : a g. and feeble spirit, h. 
 animus imbecillusque, Cic. Fin. i, 15, 
 49 : to descend to most g. entreaties, ad 
 humiUimas devolvi preces, Suet. : Luc. 
 2. abjectus (mean-spirited, with- 
 out elevation) : esp. with another epith. : 
 Join: nihil humile, nihil ab. [cogiUre], 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 20, 57 : contemptus et ab., 
 Cic. Clu. J4, 94. 3. sordidus : v. sor- 
 did, MEAN. 4. summissus (beneath 
 one's dignity) : g. flattery, s. adulatio, 
 yuint. xi, I, JO. Join: humilis, sum- 
 missus, abjectus, Cic. Tusc. 4, }o, 64. 
 5. turpis : V. BASE. 6. servilis, 
 e : g. tasks, s. officia. Sail. : v. servile. 
 
 grow: A. Inf. : j. To increase 
 by g.ing: 1. cresco, crgvi, cretum, 
 J (of all kinds of growth) ; tree^ g., ar- 
 bores c, Lucr. : infants g., infantes c. 
 Quint. : Atlas grew to an immense size. 
 A. crevit in immensum, Ov. : Cic. In 
 same sense also incresco : a person, who 
 is g.ing most needs food, maxime cibo 
 eget qui increscit, Cels. i, j, ad fin.: 
 Col. 2. augeor, augesco: v. to in- 
 crease. 3. adOlesco, levi, adultum, 
 i (to g. to matui-ity) : an herbaceous 
 verdure which g.s gradually, viriditas 
 herbescens, quae sensim a., Cic. Sen. 15, 
 51 : until the hair should g.. quoad ca- 
 (Arachis bypogaea, } pillus adolesceret, Gell. 17, 9, ./'"■ •• to g. 
 in size or thickness, a. in aniplitudinem, 
 
 crassitudinem, Plin. 4. nascur, na- 
 tu.s, J (to (« produced: of vegetables): 
 mistletoe g.s upon the fir, viscum In 
 abiete n., Plin. 16, 44 9} ; (the branch) 
 on uhich the grapes g., unde n. uvae, 
 Varr. R. K. i, Ji, init. : hazels g. frnim. 
 slips, plantis coryli n., Virg. G. 2, 6;. 
 
 5. proniitto, misi, missum, j (with 
 prrni. refl.. or as pass. =^ to shoot up): 
 nor does any tree g. more rapidly, nee 
 uUa arborum avidius se p., Plin. 16, 26, 
 44. Also act. = to let g., esp. to allow 
 to g. long or ivHd : to let boughs g. 
 longer, ramos longius p.. Col. 5, 6, ad 
 init.: to let the hair oT beard g. long, 
 capillam, barbam, p., Liv. 6, 16. Siiiily, 
 immitto, j : tluit vine is let g. without 
 pruning for jnroducing grapes, ea vitis 
 inimittitur ad parieiidas uvas, Varr. 
 R. R. I, ji : Virg. Aen. j, 59J. Phr.: 
 the place where frankincense g.s, ubi tus 
 gignitur, PI. Trin. 4,2,89: ererything 
 which g.s in the earth, omnia quae terra 
 gignit, Cic. N. D. i, 2, 4 : v. to produce. 
 
 II, To become: 1 10, factus, fieri : v. 
 TO become. (N.B. — To grow with an 
 adj. may often be expr. by an im ept. 
 verb: e. g. to g. light, liicesco, lucisco; 
 to g. black, white, green, nlgresco, al- 
 besco, vlresco: see the respective atiy.) 
 
 B. Trans.: |. To cultivalr : 
 
 sero, sevi, salum, j : g. no tree in pre- 
 ference to the sacied vine, nuUam sacra 
 vite prills severis arboreni, Hor. Od. i, 
 18, I : the mistletoe is incapable of being 
 g.n in any way. viscum omnino satum 
 nuUo modo nascitur, Plin. 16, 44, 95 
 
 v. TO CULTH'ATE, PLANT. ||, To Suffer 
 
 to grow; e.g. hair: promitto, immiito. 
 J : v. supr. A (5). 
 
 grow again : 1. rgnascor, natus, 
 i : of feathers, Cic. Att. 4, 2, ad fin. : 
 of tieth, Plin. 11, i^, 64: Hor. 2. 
 recresco, } : sprouts g.ing up again, 
 suboles [accisis stirpibus] recrescens, 
 Liv. 26, 41, fin. ; bones g. again, ossa 
 r., Plin. 
 
 in or on : 1. incresco, } (with 
 
 dat.) : scales g. upon the skin, squamae 
 cuti in, Ov. M. 4, 577 ; '''in. (N'ot 
 accresco in this sense.) 2. adnascor 
 (agn.), } (tog. attached to: withitot.): 
 to g. upon trees (of the mitVetoe), adru 
 arboribus, Plin. 16, 44, 91 Ciell. : see 
 also TO GROW (A, I, 4). 3. innascor, 
 J (to g. ) ooted in : with dat., or in and 
 abl.): Hor. S. i, }. J7 ■ l'''"- 
 
 ■ • out : excresco, S (of morbid 
 
 growtlts on the b<dy) : Suet. Gal. 21 • 
 Plin. : see also to grow up. 
 
 out of : I. L i t. : as to fir. out 
 
 of a wall: expr. by innascor, adnascor 
 (lit. to g. in or on) : v. preced. art. ||. 
 Fig.: toari.^efrom: 1. orior, ortus, 
 4 (to originate in) : Cic. : v. TO ARISE 
 FROM. 2. nascor : v. TO SPRING FROM. 
 
 round : circumnascor, j : Plin. 
 
 2, loj, 106 (but Ian. reads circa nas- 
 cente). 
 
 together : coalesce, alui, all- 
 ium, i : the edge of the eyelid when 
 opened by a gash does not g. together, 
 cilium aiiquo vulnere diductum non c, 
 Plin. II, J7, 57. (Concresco is to be- 
 come consolidated : v. TO curdle, 
 freeze.) See also to coalesce, unite. 
 
 up: 1. adSlesco, levi, adul- 
 tum, } (to attain to maturity) : v h..n 
 the children hare g.n up, quum liberi 
 adoleverinl. Caes.: a g.n-up maiiien, 
 adulta vir«o, Liv. : see also to grow (A, 
 1,3). 2. pubesco, } (strictly to arrive 
 at puberty): Hercules when he was just 
 g.ing up to be a man. H. quum primum 
 pubesceret, Cic. Off. I, J2, 118: things 
 which spring out of the earth g. up and 
 attain to maturity, p. maturitatemque 
 assequuntur quae oriunlur e terra, Cic, 
 N. D. I, 1, 4. 3. excresco, j (to g. 
 to a height) : more fully, in longitudi- 
 nem [altitudinem] ex., Plin. 16, jo, 54 ; 
 they g. up into these (stalwart 1 bodiei 
 which we uonder at. in haec corpora 
 quae miramur excrescunt, Tac. G. 20, 
 init. 4, succresco (strictly to g. up 
 from under): comp. Cels. 7, 7, 8, pilo- 
 rum alius ordo s., Cels. Also fig. to g 
 to a level with (with dat.) : Cic. : Liv
 
 GROWER 
 
 G IT A R D 
 
 GUARD 
 
 5. accreBCo, j: to g. up vnth ad- 
 vancing ifars (()f friendship), cum 
 aetiile uc. slmiil, Ter And. j, ? ^. 
 grower : tuitor . v. cultivator. 
 
 (Or e.\pr. by part. v. TO OROW, trans.) 
 
 growing {suits.): cullura; v. culti- 
 vation. (Or expr. by verb: v. to 
 GROW , B ) 
 
 growl ("■) ■• 1. frgmd. ui, Itiini, ; 
 (used ol olhir similur souj.tts) : tlf nolj 
 g.s at the entrance of tht fiM, lupus ad 
 caulas t., Virg. tigers g , tiRri's t., Viil. 
 FL V. T" ROAR. 2. ogKanio, 4 {to 
 snarl Df g. at rare) . to orvki and g. at 
 vne, (ali< ui) Imperare atque og., I'l. As. 
 z, 4, 16 . Apul. 
 
 growl (■^''''■'•■) ■• frC-mltus, us, m.(u«i/ 
 deep, liaifh, saund) : Col. ■ Plin. : v. 
 
 BOAK. 
 
 grown or grown up: 1. Mul- 
 
 tus V. ADULT {adj.). 2. (?raiidis. e 
 o g.-up hoy. g. puer, Cic. In Pis. }6, 87 . 
 cf. Ter. Ad. 4, ?, (9, vlrf;ini-m Uun gran- 
 dem • Hor. : also = advanced in years : 
 Clc. 3. pubes and pul>er, Cris {ar- 
 rived at puberty) : before he was g.-up, 
 priusquam puber {al. pubes) esset, Nep. 
 Dion, 4: Liv. : V. auult (.<«(<«.). 4. 
 as collect, subs, pubes. is, /. {the aggre- 
 gate of g. persona) : all the g-up youlU 
 of Italy, oninis Italiae p., Clc. . Virg. : 
 Tac. : V youth. 
 
 growth : 1. incrementum : tlie 
 planting, rise, g. of vines, vitluni satus, 
 ortus, incrementa, Cic. Sen. 15, 52: Col. 
 has the word freq., but = size (q. v.): 
 V. iNCREASK. 2. auctus, us, m. : v. 
 tNCRKASK. (Mir.: /'«;/ gr., maturltas (v. 
 MATURITY) to reach full jr., ad justani 
 magnitudiiiem aitolescere, Quint. 8, 5, 
 26; fiiiein crescendi c<apere, I'liii. : to 
 promote the g. of Vie mind, niontcm 
 alere, Cic. (v. to nourish) ; of this year's 
 g., horiius: as li. fruges, Hor. Od. j, 2j, 
 4 : care follows the g. of uealth, cresceii- 
 tem spquitur ciira pecuniam, Hor. Od. 
 }, l6, 17 {to describe) the origin and g. 
 of an empire, (scribere) quibus artibus 
 et partum et aiictum imperium sit, Liv. 
 pref. med. : it is incredible how rapid 
 was the g. of the common wealth, civilas 
 incredibile est quantum brfvi i.reverit, 
 Sail. Cat. 1 : to hare a gradual g., paul- 
 latim crescere. Sail. : v. to guow. 
 
 grub {subs.) : venues, vermlculus : v. 
 maggot. As scient. t. t., *larva. 
 
 grub {v.) : 1. runco, \ : to g. np 
 
 thorns, spinas r., Cato R. R. 2, m«d. : v. 
 
 TO WEED. 2. eruo, i: V. to root up. 
 
 grubbing-hoe : runco, onls, m. -. 
 
 Pall. : T. hoe. 
 
 grudge (»•)•• 1. Invideo, vidi, 
 
 sura, 2 (usu. with dat. of person and 
 abl. of thing) : they have not even g.d 
 us the spectacle of a battle, ne specta- 
 culo quidem proelii (nobis) invideriint, 
 Tac. G. }J: Cic: v. to envy. Raitl.v 
 with gen. : vor did lie g. the stcred 
 vetch, neque tie sepositi ciceris invidit, 
 Hor. S. 2, 6, 84. (N.B.— Besides llie dat. 
 of person, an cux. of neut. pron. may be 
 added, neque hoc tibi invideo, etc. : 
 L. G. i 25 J.) 2. gravor, 1 {to make 
 ubjections to doing a thing : with inf.) : 
 to g. any one a letter, g. literas ad ali- 
 quem dare, Cic. Fam. 7, 14: v. to re- 
 KusK, object to. 3. parco, pgperci 
 and parsi, parcilum and parsuin, i (with 
 dcU.) : not to g. expense or labour, non 
 inipensae nee labori p., Liv.: Cic: v. 
 to npare. 
 
 grudge (s"fe ) : 1. stmultas {of- 
 fended feeling ; animositii) : to give up 
 a g. against one, s. cum aliquo deponere, 
 Cic. I'l. ji.fm.; s. ponere, Liv. 27, ?;: 
 to cherith g.s, s. nutrire. Tac H. }, ;?, 
 extr.: v. ketu. 2. Ininiiciiia (esp. 
 pi.: any unfriendly feeling): there iras 
 a notable g. betveen them. in. nobiles 
 inter eos erant, Ltv 27, j; : to com-eive 
 a g. against any one, inimicltias capere 
 in aliquem, Ter. Ph. 2, }. 2?: Cic. v. 
 animosity. 3, d61or {resentment): 
 
 nor had tlie bitter g. faded from her 
 mind, nee saevi dolores e.xcidorant 
 aninio, V'irg. Acn. i. :? v. rfsent- 
 ment. 4. injQria: cf. Virg. Aen. i, 
 27, spretae liyuria forniae. Phr.: to 
 
 awe a g. against any one : succensere 
 allcui, Cic de Or. ?, 20, 75 fv. angky, to 
 UE): iiaving a jtrivate g against any one, 
 privatiiii aliiui infestus, Liv. 9, }8, med. 
 grudgingly : 1. invUus (in agr. 
 Willi !,ui.ji-ct- L. G 5 14?) V unwil- 
 lingly. 2. maiigne {ungenerously, 
 stingily): to praise g., m. laudare, Hor. 
 Kp. 2, I, 209 • Cic 3. grivBtc {malnng 
 a burden of a favour) : handsomely, not 
 g , benigne non gr., Clc Bal. 16. \h. 
 I'hi- same sense may be expr. by p. 
 part, ol gravor: by no means g., imn 
 (nil) giavaiuii, Varr. R. K. I, J ; v. to 
 GHUlMiE (2). 
 
 gruel: 1. pulticuia- cf. Ci-ls. 2, 
 
 ;o. (I'uls, pultis, appears lo have been 
 pmridge : cl. Plin. 18, 8, 19, where It Is 
 staled to have been the original food of 
 Italy.) 2 piisfma (a kind of g. 
 
 made from harleii) : Plin. 18, 7. ij: "'"o 
 ciUi'd ptisanariiiin : used by Hor. of a 
 kind ol I iei-i/ruel, pi. oryzae, Sat. 2, J, 
 155. 3, iilica (strictly, a kind of 
 
 grain: but also used of sundry decoc- 
 tions made from it) : cf. Plin. 22, 25, 61 : 
 Cels. 4. crgnior, oris, m. (>irlctly, 
 the curd of milk: lienre of any thick, 
 gruel-like fluid): a thick g., c erassus, 
 Cato, R. R. 86 : Veg. 
 gruelly : *cremoris naturam habens : 
 
 V GltUEI, (4). 
 
 gruff: asper : v. rough, HAitsii. 
 
 gruffly : aspgre : v. harshly. 
 
 grilffness: aspCritas: v. harshni-bs. 
 
 grumble : 1. nmsso, i {in -j. sup 
 pressed time) : they g.d and asked one 
 another whether, etc., mussantes inter 
 se rogitabant num. . ., Liv. 7, 25, init. : 
 to g. and find fault with anything, clam 
 mussantes aliquid carpere, Liv. jj, Ji, 
 init. : PI. (Not mussito, which Is to 
 hold one's tongue.) 2. mumiiiro, i : 
 V. to mukmur. See also to complain. 
 
 grumbler : homo qugrulus [ac moro- 
 
 SUSj : V. CJUERULOUS, DLSCONTENTED. 
 
 grumblingly : expr. by prts. part. 
 mussans : v. to grumble. 
 grumpy : dlfficilis, stomachosiis : v. 
 
 ILL-TEMPEKEl). 
 
 grunt (i'-)- grunnio or grundio, 4: 
 .Juv. : Plin. 
 
 grunt {subs.): grunnitus, Gs: Cic 
 
 gryphon: gryps: v. griffin. 
 
 guano : genus avium stercorum 
 quod guano dicitur. 
 
 guarantee : I. ^n engagement 
 for security : 1. fides, 6i, /. ; to give 
 any one a g.. esp. for personal safety, 
 
 f. alicul dare, Cic. C. Rab. 10, 28 simly, 
 to receive a g., f. accipere, Liv. see also 
 
 foil. art. . v. SECURITY, PROMISE. 2. 
 
 satisdatio {legal) : contracts which re- 
 quire a g. (as opp. to those in which a 
 verbal engagement suffices), stipiila- 
 tiones quae s. exigunt, Gai. Dig. 2, 8, i ; 
 instead of the abl. of satisdatio the par- 
 ticipial form satlsdato is generally used : 
 by a g., or by pledges taken, satisdalo, 
 aut pignoribus datis, Ulp. !>ig. 40, 5,4, 
 §S: V. security. \\, The perso^i gua- 
 ranteeing : vas, vadis; praes; v.suukty. 
 
 guarantee (^O- 1. n<iem aiicui 
 
 do, iiiterpono : he g.d him that (viz. that 
 he should suffer no harm), in eam rem 
 se f. suam Interponeie, Caes. B. U. ;, j6 : 
 V. guarantee {subs.). 2. Interccdo, 
 ssi, ssuni. J (esp. in money matters) : to 
 
 g. a person for a large sum of money 
 (i. e. to become security for him), pro 
 aliquo magnani pecuniam int., Clc. Att. 
 I, 6, 4. 3. satisdo {or satis do), i, irr. 
 (legal term) : to g. the payment of the 
 legacies before entering on an inherit- 
 anee, ante aditam heredltatein s. de le- 
 gatis, Ulp. ?6, ?, 4 } 4: Cic: comp. 
 preced. art. (1. 2). 
 
 guard {subs.): I. Defence, pro- 
 
 textion : 1. custodia (most gen. term) : 
 they Ifft 6000 men for the g. and defence 
 of that baggage, lis impedimenlis cus- 
 todiae ac p'raesldio sex millia honiinum 
 reliquerunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 29: Cic- to 
 mount g. over the city, c. urbis ag<re, 
 Liv. 5, 10, med. ; c. agltare, PI. Rud. }, 
 6, 20 : V cusTonv. 2. tuiela : v. 
 protection, guardianship. 3. prae- 
 sidium (strictly military): d^ence aiui 
 
 g. of the province, propugnaculura pxiae 
 prosiiiciae, Cic Verr. j. 80. 186: v. 
 pa<jTECTio.\. Pbr. ■ (i). to mount g.: 
 (I), custodian! ago : v.supr. (1). (2). ex- 
 cQblas ago {by night and by day : esp 
 as a mark of honour to a person of 
 rank) .- I'ac H. 4, 58 . In same sense, 
 e.x. servare, Tac. A. i }, 18. (:t). expr 
 by statio and a verb (esp. of picquett 
 or outposts): those uliu wne on y. in 
 front of the camp, qui erant In 6. pro 
 castris collocati, Cues. B. G. 5, 15: to 
 mount g. in the camp, s. in castris 
 agere, Tac. H. i, 28, 29 : g. was mounted 
 before the gates, slationes ante portas 
 disposltae, Liv.: v. picvUBT. {^). excubo, 
 ui, itum, I ( = excubias ago. «u/>i-.).- two 
 legions continually mounted g. in front 
 oj the camp, duae semper leglones pro 
 ca-stris excubabant, Caes. B. U. 7, 24 to 
 mount g. before the kiny'f tent, ad prae- 
 torluiii ex.. Curl. 6. 8. ud hn. (5). vigl- 
 lo, I (only of night-wotching): v. TO 
 WATCH (cf. Curt. I. c). (li)- to be on 
 one's guard; in non-niillt. sense. (1). 
 cilvco cavi, caulum, 2 (with ace. of that 
 against which) : to be on one's g. against 
 everytliing, omnia c. Clc : also with 
 prep, ab and ahl. : to br on one's g. 
 against poison, c a veneno, Cic. Fin. 
 5, 22, fm.: V. TO bewake of. (2). 
 piaecaveo (to be on one s g. beforeliand : 
 conslr. same as simple verb) : to be on 
 one's g. lest anything happen, p. ne 
 quid accidat, Caes. I'hr. : be well on 
 your g., banc rem age ! PI. (ill), off 
 one'sg.: (1). incautus: Trebonius when 
 off his g. was orerpovered by the enemy, 
 v. oppressus est ab hoste Incautus, Cic. 
 Ph. II, 2, ;: to surprise any one when 
 off his g., in aliquem Incautum [alque 
 imparatum] incidere, Caes. li. G. 6, }o. 
 (2). Iinprudeiis, nils : to attack the enemy 
 when off their g. and not expecting it, 
 ini. atque inopinantes bottles aggredi, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, j8 ; imparatos Im.que of- 
 fendere, Nep. Ages. 2. ||. The person 
 or perstms empiuyed to guard : 1. 
 custos, odis, c. (most general term) : to 
 place g.s over any one, aiicui c. ponere, 
 Caes. : g. and defender of the province, 
 c. defensorque provlnclae, Clc. : the g.s 
 of one's pel son, custodes corporis, Nep. 
 K 1 g. ■ laws the most careful y^ of mo- 
 desty, leges diligentlssimae pudorls-c. 
 Quint. : v. GUARDIAN. 2. sitelles. 
 ills {of a person of rank) .- v. body- 
 guard. 3. custodia (abstr. for concr. : 
 a body of men acting as sentries or gj) : 
 they could not cross over unobserved on 
 account of the g.s, clam transire propter 
 custodias non poterant, Caes. B. G. 4. 4. 
 Join: praesidils, cuslodlls, vigiliif 
 [mmiitus], Cic Cat. I, ?, 8. 4. prae 
 sidium (a body of men protecting a 
 place) : to station g.s arid picqiiels, prae- 
 sidia custodiasque dispoiiere, Caes. Clc . ■ 
 
 v. GARRISON. 5. statio: V. PICQUET, 
 
 outpost. 6. vigiliae. arum (a nightly 
 uatch): V. watch, sentuy. 7. ex- 
 cubiae, arum {keeping uxttcli both by 
 night and by day): to pass through the 
 g.s {by night), excubias transire, Tac 
 A. 14, 44. III. In fencing: o posture 
 of db fence. P h r. : "status s. gestus ad 
 defendindos ictus aptus to haiv a good 
 g., *habilem ad dotendcndos ictus esse. 
 IV. "/ " cutting instrument {to 
 protect ' the user) : (?) scutaium ma- 
 nuale. 
 
 guard (i'-)-- 1. cuslOdIo, 4 (in 
 
 most senses): to g. the sea-coast u-ith 
 
 tuentii ships of war, niaritlmam oram 
 
 viginti navlbus longts c, Liv. : to g. a 
 
 province, provinciani c, Cic. . to g. any 
 
 one from injury, c. aliquem ab injuria. 
 
 Quint.: to Jorm and g. modesty, pudor- 
 
 em fomiare et c, QtilnL 2. tnSor, 
 
 tuitus, 2 {to look to aiui defend): to g. 
 
 a camp and carefully defend it, t. cas- 
 
 tra el diligenter delendere, Caes. B. C. J, 
 
 9J : to g. a house against thieves, io- 
 
 mum a furlbus t., Phat-dr. }, 7. 10: Cic: 
 
 V. to defend, maintain. Frequent., 
 
 I tutor, I (to guani habitually, atten- 
 
 \ iiiely) : V. to pijotfct. 3. praesldeo, 
 
 ' sedi, I (to be entrusted viVi the safety 
 
 i of : with dat. : alw later, av*..) : tog.tlu 
 
 ' i55
 
 GUARD AGAINST 
 
 GUILD 
 
 GUINEA-POWL 
 
 ea/ntaJ, urbi p., Liv 2i,ii,extr : Cic: to 
 g. the coast of Gaul, Galliae litus p., 
 Tac. 4, 5, init. See also preced. art. 
 (1. Phr.). 
 
 guard against: caveo, praecaveo: 
 V GUARD, subs. (1, Phr ). 
 
 guarded (fldj-) •■ cautus, circumspec- 
 
 tUS V CAUTIOUS, CIRCUMSPECT 
 
 guardedly ; caute, circumspecte v. 
 
 CAUTIOUSLY CIBCUMSPECTLT. 
 
 guardian : I. _^^^i/ one who 
 guards : 1. custos, odis, c, g of the 
 empire, c. renim, Hor Od. 4, 15, 17. 
 Join; praeses custosque [libertatis], 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15 custos defensorque 
 [provinciae] Cic. Verr. 5, 6, init. : c. et 
 conservator [urbis], Cic. Se.\t. 24, 5J. 
 2. praeses, idis, c. esp. with custos : 
 CSc. . V. supr. : g deities, p. dii. Tac. H. 
 4, Si- 3. defensor; propugnator ; v. 
 DEFENDER, CHAMPION. 4. tutor (more 
 usu. in sense II.) : Silvaiius, g. of boun- 
 daries, Silvane, t. finium. Hor. Epod. 2, 
 22 • Suet. 5. by melon., ttitela, prae- 
 sidium (poet.): {Philemon and Baucis) 
 were the g.s of the temple, templi tutela 
 fuere, Ov. Met. 8, -jii : cf. Hor. Od. i, 
 
 1, init., praesidium et decus (Maece- 
 nas) : Sen. : v. protection. ||. The 
 curator of a minor : I, tiitor : to 
 appoint a g. to orphan children, t. insti- 
 tuere liberorum orbitati, Cic. de Or. i, 
 5^, 228 ; constituere. Just, i }, 2, extr. : 
 to act as g. to a minor, tutorem puplUi 
 agere. Just. 7. 5, extr. : uithoat the au- 
 thority of mie's g., sine tutore auctore, 
 Cic. Caec. 25, '32. A joint-g., contulor, 
 Ulp. : a female g. (unlinown in earlier 
 times), tutriz. Cod. Just. 2. auctor 
 (not strictly a g., but a legally respon- 
 sible person) : v. supr. (1) : cf. Liv. J4, 
 
 2, nml., sine auctore agere : Dig. 3. 
 Clirator (of insane persons ; also of pu 
 
 (the g. of a friend : also in gen. sense, 
 a foreign friend) : to receive a g., h. 
 recipere, Cic. : a man of many g.s {an 
 inn-keeper), homo multorum h., Cic. Clu. 
 59, 16} : ag. who is a great joker, not a 
 great eater, non inulli cibi h., muUi joci, 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 26, extr. 2. adventor : 
 used by Apul. of the g.s of an inn- 
 keeper ■ Met. 1.7. Phr.: to be a g., hos- 
 pitor, I : Cod. Theod. cf. Sen. Ep. Ji, 
 fin., deum in humano corpore hosjiitan- 
 tem, deity dwelling as a g. within the 
 hu man body : a g. -chamber, hospitale 
 cubiculum, Liv. 1, 58, init.; also hospi- 
 tium, Suet. Ner. 47 : the murder of a g., 
 hospltalis caedes. Liv. 25, 18, meti. ||. 
 One teho is present at an entertainment : 
 1, conviva : a well-satisfied g., c. 
 satur, Hor, S. i, i, 119: {Peiops) g. at 
 the table of the gods, c. deorum, Hor. 
 Od I, 28, 7 : Cic. (Also the subs, con- 
 vivium is used Qnieton.] in later writers 
 for the guests : the g.s become silent, 
 conticescere convivia, Plin. 28, 2, 5 } 27 : 
 Sen.) 2. umbra (an uninvited g., 
 brought by one of Die company) : Hor. 
 S. 2, 8, 22 : PI. P h r. : to be a g. (attend 
 an entertainment), convivari, Cic. : Suet. : 
 one who is a daily g. of another, convic- 
 tor, Hor. S. 1, 4, 96. Suet 
 
 guest-chamber : v. guest (L, fin.). 
 
 guidance : 1. expr. by dux, auc- 
 tor : under the g. and auspices of Teueer, 
 Teucro duce ei auspice Teucro, Hor. 
 Od. I. 7. 27 : to follow the g. of nature, 
 iiatiiram sequi duceiu, Cic. Sen. 2, 5 : to 
 afford one's g. to good citizens, bonis 
 auctorem, [princlpem, ducem] se prae- 
 bere, Cic. Fam. i o, 6 : dux, auctor, are 
 often joined, v. guide. 2. ductus, 
 lis (in this sense prob. only in abl. 
 sing. : chiefly in milit. sense) : v gene- 
 ralship. 3. expr. by verb : under 
 
 beres under 25 years of age: v. Diet, the g. of the deity, ducente dec, Virg. 
 Ant. s. V.) , to be in want of a g. as- \ Aen. 2, 6}2 : v. to lead. 4. con- 
 signed by the praetor, i. e. to be mad, silium : ha/i my g. been folloued, si 
 c. egere a praetore dati, Hor. Ep. i , 1 , 102 : | meum consilium auctoritasque valuisset, 
 Dig. 4. rector : cf. Suet. Aug. 48 : I Cic. Ph. 2, 15, inil. : to foUoiv any one's 
 
 g., alicujus consiliis uti : v. counsel, 
 advice. 
 
 guide (subs.) ■ I. Li t. : a g. to a 
 place : 1. dux, dilcis, c. : every one 
 began to be his own g., sibi quisque dux 
 itineris fieri coeperat. Curt. 5, 4, ad fin. : 
 in this sense, viae, itineris, or locorum 
 are usu. added, when the context renders 
 it necessary ; thus, Mercury is called 
 viarum ntque itinerum d., Caes. B. G. 6, 
 17: cf. Liv. 9, ^,med. 2. perductor 
 (a g over a plaxe), PL • cf. to guide (3). 
 (N.B.— Not ductor ; which is leader, 
 commander: q. v.) ||, Fig., one 
 
 who exercises superintendence : \, 
 dux : g. in the managfment of the 
 state, dux regendae civitatls, Cic de 
 Or. J, 17, 6j : to make reason one's g 
 in doing a thing, ad rem gerendam ra- 
 tionem d. habere, Cic. Div. 2, 40, 8}. 
 2. auctor (udciser) ; g. in public 
 policy, a. publici consilii, Cic. de Or. j, 
 17, 6}: often joined with dux, Cic. v. 
 adviser; guidance. 3. rector: v. 
 director, go\ ernor. 
 
 guide («■) ■• \ To Qjct as a (local) 
 guide : diico. xi, ctum, j : v. to lead. 
 Simly, perduoii, to g. or lead home, Virg. 
 E. 6, 60. Frequent, perducto to g. 
 any one through a house, aliquem (per 
 aedes) perd., PI. Most, j, 2, 162. Simly, 
 deduco ( = perduco) to g. any one to a 
 spring, ad fontem d. aliquem Juv. 14, 
 104. II. To manage, control ; 1. 
 rfigo, xi, ctum, 5 : to g. a person's hand 
 in writing, (scribeiitis) manum manu 
 superimposita r., yuint. i, i, 27: v to 
 direct, govern. 2, giibemo, i v. 
 TO control. Phr.: to be g.d by any 
 on^s advice, alicujus consilio uti (v. to 
 follow)- to be g.d by circumstances 
 in I arming one's plans, ad tempus (ex 
 re) consilium capere, Cic. Fam. 10, 9. /in. 
 guide-post : *cippus ad viam indic- 
 andam defixus. 
 guider • dux • v guide. 
 guild ; i. e. a societi/ or corporation : 
 1 collegium • the g. of bakers, c. 
 pistonim, Gai. Dig. i, 4, i- of carpen- 
 ters, fabrorum, Plin. Ep. 10. J5 (42), fin. 
 
 V. REGENT 
 
 guardianship: \. Care, defence: 
 1. cuslodia . the strict g. of motliers, 
 dura c. matrum, Hor.- Cic: v. guard 
 (subs.). 2. tutela, fides, etc. : v. pko- 
 tection. 3. expr. by custos, praeses : 
 under thy g., te cusiode, Hor. ; te prae- 
 side et custode [rerum] : v. guardian 
 (L). II, In legal sense- 1. tutela 
 (of a minor or a woman) ; lauful g., 
 t. legitima, Cic. : to exercise g., t. gerere, 
 Cic. Off. I, 25, 85 to entrust the g. of 
 oite's sons to any one, (filiorum) t. alicui 
 commjttere. Just. 4, 2 : to accept it, t. 
 in se recipere. Just. 2i8, 1, init.: to be 
 acquitted on a charge of mismanage- 
 ment in g., turpi t. liberari, Cic. de Or. 
 I, j6, 166. 2. curatio (0/ the insane, 
 etc. (v. GUARDIAN II, 2): the g. of an 
 insane mother, furlosae matris c, Ulp. 
 Dig. 27, 10, 4 to attend to srtch a func- 
 tion, c administrare, Papin. Dig. 27. i, jo. 
 3. ciira (= curatio) to exercise g., 
 tutclain vel c administrare, Ulp. Dig. 
 
 5. I. I9. 
 
 gudgeon : perh. gobius or gobio, onls 
 Ov. : Plin. (*cyprinus gobio, Linn ). 
 
 guerdon • praemlum, mercec ; v. 
 
 REWARD, HIRE. 
 
 guess ("•) -• 1. conjicio, jeci, jectum, 
 J (to pui things together and draw an 
 inference): v. to infer, conjkcture. 
 Frequent., conjecto; denoting tentative 
 action: try to g. the way, c. iter, Liv. 
 21, J5, med. 2. divino, i (strictly, to 
 divine, foretell : perhaps the nearest 
 word to the English) . no one could g, 
 that you voould accuse, neque quisquam 
 d. poterat te postiilaturum, Cic. yuint. 
 19, 60 to g. the number (tf fingers held 
 up), numerum d., Forcell. s. v, mico. 
 3. augilror, i v. to conjeoture, 
 foreb<")De. 4. suspicor, t (implying 
 grounds for surmise) : as far as I can 
 g., quantum ego s., Ter. Eun. i, 2, 62 : 
 
 V, TO SUSPECT, SURMISE. 
 
 guess (svbs) •• conjectura . v. to con- 
 jecture. 
 
 guest ■ I. ""< «'^<' ^ lodging from 
 home : 1. hospes, itis, jo. , /. bosplta 
 3if> 
 
 2, corpus, oris the g of wine- 
 mercliants, vinariorum c, I.^mpr. Sever, 
 jj ; to form a g.. corpus habere, Gai. 
 Dig. 1. c. 3. socigtas (applicable also 
 to a partnership or firm) : Gai. Dig. 1. c 
 
 4. universitas (a corporate body) : 
 cf Ulp. J, 4. 7- 
 
 guild-hall: prytaneum (of Greek 
 cities), conciliabiiium: v. town-hall. 
 
 guile : dolus : V. cunning (subs.). 
 
 guileful : doiosus : v. craftt, cun- 
 ning. 
 
 guileless : 1. simplex, icis: a g. 
 and friendly disposition, animus s. 
 et amicus, Matius in Cic. Fam. ii, 28, 
 fin.: Hor.: v. simple. (As more ex- 
 pressive, Cic. uses the Gk. word d(^eA7J$, 
 Att. I, 18.) 2. candidtis: v. candid. 
 
 3. sincenis v. sincere, honest. 
 guUelessly: simpllclter; v. frankly. 
 
 guilelessness : simpiicitas: v. sim- 
 
 PLICITV. 
 
 guillotine (subs.) : nearest word, sec- 
 uris, is,/: : v. to behead. 
 
 guilt ; L e- criminality ; esp. in an 
 intense sense : 1. noxa (general term : 
 noxae appellatione omne delictum con- 
 tinetur, Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 2j8): to be in- 
 volved in any g., in aliqua n. esse, Liv. 
 J2, 26, fin. : Caes. : v. offence. 2. 
 scelus, gris, n. (any atrocious crime) 
 the sense of the Eng. may often l)e best 
 conveyed by means of the pi. (cf. L. G. 
 } 591): as, a man overn'helmed with 
 abominable g., homo nefariis s. cooper- 
 tus, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 4,9: to pollute the 
 name of the Roman people with g., 
 nomen P. R. scelere contaminare, Cic. 
 Harusp. 16, fin. : v. wickedness. 3. 
 culpa (less strong than the Eng.)- v. 
 BLAME, fault. 4. Crimen, inis, n. 
 (strictly, a charge, accusation): to be- 
 tray one's g. by looks, c. prodere vultu, 
 Ov.: Suet. Phr. : to be pronoMnced/ree 
 from g., absolvi, liberari : v. to acquit. 
 
 guiltily : sc6l6rat6 : v. wickedly. 
 
 guiltiness : v- guilt, wickedness. 
 
 guiltless ; inndcens, innoxius, in- 
 
 SOnS v. INNOCENT. 
 
 guiltlessly : 1. caste v. chastelt, 
 PURELY. 2. pure: alife spent quietly 
 and g., quiete, p., acta aetas, Cic. Sen. 5, 
 I?. 3. sancte: v. irreproachably. 
 
 guilty ; 1. sons, suntis (esp. in 
 legal sense : usu. absol.) ; to cojidemn g., 
 accused persons, s. condemnare reos, PI. 
 esp. in pi. as subs. : to punish the g., 
 sontes punire, Cic. : the arrest of g. per- 
 sons, comprehensio sontium, Cic. Phil. 
 2, 8, 18 : g. of a brother s blood, fratemo 
 sanguine s., Ov. Met. ii, 268. 2. 
 
 noxius (general legal term : absol., or 
 with abl. or gen) : g. of the same crime, 
 eodem crimine n., Liv. 7, 20, fin. : g. of 
 conspiracy, n. conjurationis, Tac Ann. 
 5, 1 1 : to pronounce any one g , aliquem 
 n. judicare, Liv. ;9. 41, extr. 3. 
 nocens, ntis (usu. in moral sense) : to 
 defend a g. person, n. defendere, Cic. 
 Off. 2, 14, ;i . no g man is acquitted at 
 tlie bar of his own conscience, se judlce 
 nemo n. absolvitur, Jnv. ij. j : a most 
 g. triumph, nocentissima victoria, Cic. 
 Verr. Act. i, 14, 41. 4. sceieratu» 
 (polluted, covered with guilt) : Cic. : 
 Caes. : v. wicked, accursed. Phr.: 
 to become g.of a crime, facinus, culpam 
 in se admittere (or without the ad se), 
 Cic. (v. Tc ro.MMiT); se (magno) scelere 
 astringere, Cic Phil. 4, 4. 9; obstringere, 
 id. Verr 2, i, j, 8 ^ oi^ligare. Suet. Caes. 
 42 (v. TO perpetrate): she has never 
 been g. of any offence toivards me, nun- 
 quam quicquam erga me coramerita est. 
 Ter. Hec. j, 5, j6 to prove g., coar- 
 guere (v to convict): to find g., dam- 
 nare (v. to condemn): a g. conscience, 
 conscius animus. Sail. Cat. 14: diri con- 
 scia facti mens, Juv ij, 195. 
 
 guinea* aureus nummiis (numus); 
 or aureus alone v. Dr. Smith's I^at. 
 Diet. s. V. 
 
 guinea-fowl. (i')m5ieagris,idis,/.: 
 Plin. (*N"umida mel., Linn.). The 
 gallina Africana s. Numidica was perh. 
 the same bird - cf. Varr. K. R. j, 9. ad 
 fin. : but probably there were several 
 species, cf. Col. 8, 2.
 
 GUINEA-PIG 
 
 GYMNASIUM 
 
 H A B I T U A L L T 
 
 KTlinea-pig: 'mus porcellus : Linn. 
 
 gmse : 1. habitus, us (mien./eo- 
 turts : also oft. dre£.') : in the g. of 
 thepherds, pastorum habitu, Liv. 9, 2, 
 init: Nep. : v. DRtas. 2. spficies, 
 ei : in thu g. of a nvrrtal, s. moriali, Ov. 
 
 Met. 8, 626: V. .\PPEARANCF.. 
 
 guitar: *citliaraHispauica(lCr.): v. 
 
 LUTE. 
 
 gulf : \. A bay : stnus, fls, m. 
 (where Vie land embraces the sea as in 
 Us bosom: used also of the land itself: 
 hence maritimus must be used wljen 
 necessary to clearness) ; to infat g.s, 
 or prmmmtories, or precipitous rocks, s. 
 obsldere marltimos, aut promontorla, 
 aut praerupla saxa, Cic. Verr. ;, <ib, 145 : 
 the g. of I'aeslum, s. I'aestanus, Cic. Ait. 
 16, 6, init. : I'lin. |}. An ubi/ss : q. v. 
 
 gulfr : >• e. full of u-hiilpools and 
 gulfs : vSran'mosus : Amm. 
 
 gull {subs.): lams, i, ni.(?): Vulg. 
 (•1. niarinus, Linn) 
 
 gull (0.): lacto, ludificor: v. to de- 
 lude, CHKAT. 
 
 gullet : giila, guttur : v. throat. 
 
 gullibility : credulitas : V. CKEDC- 
 
 LITY. 
 
 gullible: credulus: g. old men (in 
 c«medies), c. senes, Cic. : v. credulous, 
 
 SILLY. 
 
 gully : a channel worn by rain-nater 
 or a torrent : 'fossa torrenie cavata : or 
 perh. alveus (alveolus) aiigustas atque 
 praealtus: v. cran.-^ku 
 
 gully-hole: cloacae foramen: Suet. 
 Gr 2. 
 
 gulp down: 1. obsorbeo, ui, 2: 
 
 / g.'d it down (the drink), for it "CW 
 very hot, obsorbui ; nam nirais calebat, 
 PI. Mil. }, 2, 21 : to g. down whole cakes 
 at mux, tolas simul obs. (al. abs.) pla- 
 centas, Hor. S. J, 8, 24. 2. glulio or 
 gluttio, 4 (a word formed, like the 
 English, from the gurgling sound of 
 liquor: to srvalloiv greedily)- Juv. 4, 
 28. 3. obtriido (obs.), si, sum, i (to 
 thnut eagerly into the throat: "to 
 bolt") : PI. St. 4, 2, 1} : V. to devour. 
 
 gulp (»"*«•) •■ singultus, lis: v. hiccup. 
 
 gum (subs.) : I. 0/ the mouth : 
 gin^va : a toothless g., g. inermis, Juv. : 
 ulso in pi. Cat. : Gels. ||. A vegetable 
 exudation: 1. guromi, n., indecl.: 
 or gunimis, is, /. : Plin. : Col. 2. 
 
 gutta : a term applied by Mart, to am- 
 ber (Phaethontis g., 4, J2), and by Apul. 
 to myrih or perh. gum Arabic (Met. 
 2, p. 118). Adj., gum-yielding, gum- 
 matus, Plin. (of frees); the g.-Arabic 
 tree, (?)spina Aegypiia s. Arabica, Plin.: 
 g. tragacanth, iragaianthum . Cels. 
 
 gum (I'O ■■ glUtiUO, I : V. TO GLUE, 
 CEMENT. 
 
 gununy : 1. gummosus : Plin. 
 
 2. gummgus: Auson. 3. gum- 
 malis, e ; Pall. 
 
 gun; •stlopetura(scl-): used in mod. 
 Lat. for o gun, and. like *bonibarda 
 ("musket"). Intended to express the 
 sound of explosii'U (stloppus s. sclop- 
 pus) : Wytteiibacb (in R. and A.) has 
 the words, "in hoc recentioris aetatis 
 missili. sclopeto sen tuba ignivonw." 
 (For gun as applied to field artillery, v. 
 cannon.) 
 
 gun-barrel: *sciopeti tabus s. 
 tubulus. 
 
 gun-boat : *navicula tonuentis bom- 
 bardicis instructa. 
 gunner: tormentarius(boinbardicus). 
 gunnery : *res tormenturia : v. ar- 
 tillery. 
 
 gun-powder : •pulvis nitratus, Kr. : 
 p. pyrius, Kr. : Georg. ; p. sulfureus, 
 Strada in Quich. : or when the context 
 determines its meaning, simply pulvis. 
 gun-shot : 'ictus sdopeti s. tormenti 
 telo (actus. 
 gun-smith : 'stlopetonim faber. 
 gan-wale : (?) plutfius navis : cf. 
 Caes. B. C. !, 24. 
 
 gurgle (''•)■• I , P r o p. of the sound 
 of fluids escaping by a narrow orifice : 
 eingulto, 1 : the water gjs in the narrow 
 passi'ges of the pipe, (unda) flexilis 
 plumbi meatibus implicila s., Sldon. : v. 
 «UBUL1N« (subs.y (In Anthol. Ut. we 
 
 have the expression "glut, glut, mur- 
 murat unda sonans," to de.scribe the 
 gurgling aaay of uine from a broken 
 vessel : ed. Bur. 2, 405 = Kng. " glug, 
 glug-") II. In general, ol a sojt, 
 " viinpling," murmuring sound : mur- 
 muro, siisurro, leniier sOno : v. to 
 
 UUB.VUR, WHISPER, HUM. 
 
 gurgling (adj.) : P b r. : to flow with 
 a g. sound, '(quasi) singultando fluere : 
 
 V. T<> (ilKtlLE. 
 
 gurgling (subs.) .- (quasi) singultus, 
 us ; with frequent g.s (of the escape of 
 fluids from ampullae), crebris quasi s., 
 Plin Ep. 4. JO, 6. (In verse the quasi 
 mi(:ht be dispensed with : cf. to oukglk.) 
 gurnard: (?) milvus or miluus: Hit. 
 gush ("■) ■■ 1- prOfundo. tudi, lu- 
 sum. t (with pron. rejl.) : the tears 
 suddenly g.'d out, lacrlmae se subito 
 profuderunt, Oc. Att. 11. 7. 2: v. to 
 POUR FORTH. 2. «niIco, I'll, atum, 
 I (esp. of blood starting from a wound) : 
 e corpore sanguis e., Lucr. 2. 195 : Ov. ; 
 also of springs suddenli/ g.ing forth, 
 scaturigiius <■„ Liv. 44. }J. ati ^nit. 
 3 exundo, i (to g. out in abun- 
 dance): Sen. trag. 4. prorumpo, 
 rupi, ruptum, i (implying some barrier 
 to break through) : of Uars Umg re- 
 strained, Plin. Ep. I. 16, 5 : V. TO burst 
 FORTH. 5. scateo. 2 (to bubble up 
 abundantly: rare): of a/ountoin, Lucr. 
 6, 892 : V.' TO teem. 6. scaturiu, 4 
 (= scateo: rare): Sen.: CoL 
 
 gush (subs:): Phr.: unth a g. of 
 tears, profusis lacrimis: v. to gush. 
 
 gushing (adj.) • ^l. J^ ' *• ^ P?'''- P'f • 
 fiisus, effusus (shed forth abundantly) : 
 cf. Ov. Met. 9, 619, lacrimis vultum 
 lavere profusis : also Virg. Aen. 6, 686 : 
 or expr. by verb : v. to gush. See also 
 ABUNDANT. ||. Fig.: exuberant: 
 
 perh. cxundans: cf. Juv. 10, 119, exun- 
 dans ingenil fons: v. exuberant. 
 
 gust: repeniinus venti s. procellae 
 impetus ; repentiims flatus : v. blast. 
 
 gusto: V. RELISH. 
 
 gusty : psrh. creber flatibus : ct. 
 Virg. Aen. i, 85. 
 gut (subs.) : intestiiia, inteianea : v. 
 
 INTESTINES. 
 
 gut ("■)■• I. Lit.: e.ventero, i: 
 to EMBOWEL : q. V. II. Fig.: to strip 
 a house of its contents : 1, e.xlnanio, 
 4: V. TO EMPTY. 2. extergeo and 
 extergo, si, sum, 2 and J : such seems 
 to be the meaning of the word in Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 21. 52. Phr.: the house was 
 completely g.'d by the fire, 'incendium 
 nonnisl nudos aedium parietes reliquit ; 
 ignis omiiem aedium supellectilem peni- 
 tus absumpsit. 
 
 gutter : 1. fo^^a : to carry off 
 superabundance of moisture by g.s, 
 abundantiam uliginis fossis siccare. Col. : 
 V. DITCH, TRENCH. 2. "vus : to clean 
 out g.s, rivos deducere, Virg. C. I, 269 : 
 cf. Col. 2, 22. where he gives as an equi- | 
 valent, " fossas veieres tergere et pur- 
 gare :" and v. Forb. ad 1. : to put a g. j 
 to the ualls of a house, r. parietibus im- 
 ponere, Nerat. Dig. 7, i. 61: v. chan- 
 nel, SLUICE. 3. cl6aca: v. draik. 
 (cf. DicL Ant. s. v) Dimin., cloacula, 
 Lampr. Eleg. 17. 4. cSnalis: dimin., 
 canaliciilus : only applicable to g.s 
 consisting of i>ii>« v. pipe. A g.-tile. 
 inilirex, ids, c. : the construction of a g. 
 from such tiles is described in Col. 2, 2. 
 
 guttural : I. "f sounds, fn-oceed- 
 ing from the throat : v. deep. bass. 
 II As gram. t. :. • 'piilaiinus : a g. 
 defter, "palalina litera(Kr.), lltera palati 
 (Georg.). but lor distinctness, 'litera 
 gutturalis is preferable. 
 
 guzzle : 1. P"'"' ' (""' *° strong 
 as Eng., but often used of excessive 
 drinking: v. to drink): to drink, nay 
 g., ut bibant, immo potent. Sen. Ep. 
 122,6. Comp. perpoto, i (stronger than 
 simple verb): Cic: yulnt. 2. 'af- 
 
 gius vino indulgeo, me in\-ito : v. TO 
 
 INDULGE (111.). 
 
 guzzler : (homo) ebriCsus, potor : v. 
 
 DRUNKARD. 
 
 gymnasium : 1. gymnasium : Pi. : 
 Cic. Master of a g., gymnasiarchus tic. 
 
 2. palaestra : a term applied both 
 to the place and the ex*rcises : to erect 
 statues in the g., statuas in p. ponere. 
 Cic Verr. 2, 2, 14, 36: PL: cl. gy-m- 
 
 NABTICS. 
 
 gymnastic (adj.) .- 1. gymnicus : 
 what are called g. games, ludl qui g. 
 vocantur, Cic Tusc. 2, 26, 62 : g. con- 
 tests, g. certamina, Sueu Ner. sj. 2. 
 gymnasticus : the g. art, g. ars. Pi. 
 3. palaesiricus : (belonging to the 
 gymnastic sclwol): a g. leacher, p. ma- 
 gist«r, doctor, yuint. : PI. (Cu-. hiis the 
 
 I word in somewhat difl'. snnse : p. moius, 
 OflF. !, if>, I JO, are getticulatiims learnt 
 at the gymnastic icluiol.) 
 
 I gymnastics (subi.) : 1. pa de»ira 
 
 (Gr. TraAaiorpa, Ut. urettling) : that it 
 I (pliilosophy) may help (tlu: i/rab/r) jutt 
 I as g. does the actor, ut sic adjuvct, ut p. 
 I bistrioncm, Cic. Or. 4, 14 : grace-bestow- 
 ing g., p. decora, Hor. Od. i, 10, 4: not 
 so well trairifd in arms as g. (1. e. better 
 in sham than real fighting), non tun 
 armis quani p. Insiitutus, C'lc. Br 9, j-j. 
 2. pilaestrica (sc. ars) : Viiinu2, 2i, 
 II. P h T. : to give time to g., palaestii- 
 cis (=p. magistris) vacare, V'lint. 1,11, 
 I J. A master of g., palaestrita, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 14, j6: Mart. Phr.: thae are 
 the g. of the mind, haec sunt curricula 
 mentis, Cic. Sen. 11, j8. 
 
 g>'mnosovhi8t : gymnosCphisia : 
 Prud. : Aug. 
 
 gypsum: gypsum: Plin. Cotertd 
 or coated with g., gypsatus : Cic 
 
 gypsy : Aegyptianus : Spelman. 
 
 gyration: gyrus: v. benoiutiow. 
 
 gyve: compes, Sdis, m. : v. futer. 
 
 H. 
 
 HA (inferj.): ha: txpr. of .^rpriK, 
 joy, dtrision, etc. : PI. : ■r<?r. 
 haberdasher : perh. linteo, onis : v. 
 
 DKAl'Ki:. 
 
 habergeon : 'orica : v. coat (of 
 mail). 
 
 habiliment: vestimentum: v.gab- 
 ment, dress. 
 
 habit: |. 6orb, dr«s: q. v. || 
 A confirmed custom ; esp. on the part of 
 ijidividaals : 1. consuetiido, inis/- : 
 bad h.s, c mala, Hor. S. i, ?. j6 : Ci<. : 
 the h. of doing wrong, c. peccandi, Cic 
 Verr. j, 76, 177 : exercise, out of which 
 grows h., e.xercitatio ex qua c. pignitur, 
 Cic de Or. 2, 87, fin. 2. assnCtudo. 
 inis, /. (rare) : whtther by nature or 
 by h. (of Tiberius's A. of sptaking ob- 
 scurely), seu naiura sive as., I'ac. Ann. 
 I, II. 3. nios, moris, m. ; v. manner, 
 custom. Phr.: to be in the h. of 
 loiiig something : sdleo, consuesco (.folL 
 by inf.): v. Arcf-sroMED, To be. |||. 
 Satiiral constitution : habitus, us, in. ; 
 the h. (featuns of bodies), h. corfwrum, 
 lac Agr. II, init. ; to be of an cxctUent 
 h. of body, and yrrat physical ttrttigth, 
 florere h. optimo, maxlmis vlribus, Cic. 
 Giel. 24, 59- 
 
 habitable : biibUabihs, e- h. coun- 
 tries, h. regiones, Cic: a h. climate, b. 
 coeluni,Ov. (liihabitabilis=preced. only 
 in Arnob. : in Cic = UNiNHABriABLF-) 
 
 habitation: 1. diSmMUum: v. 
 
 DWKLLING-PI.ACE. ABODE. 2. tectum 
 (any place qf shelter ur abode) ; a col- 
 lection of h.s. coiyunctio tectorum, Cic. 
 Kep. 1 . 26 : Caes. _ , - , . 
 
 habitual: , 1. inveiSratns (o/»W 
 standing): h. licence, in. liceiitlii, Nep. 
 Hum 8 to bear in one wa 'i « hal u 
 h, and what is fresh in anothtr, aliter 
 lerre inveterate, aliter recfiitia, tic. 
 fuse. 4, 17. J9- Til ttecame h., Inv6l6- 
 rasai, j": \"- inveteratk (to betome). 
 
 2 USitatUS V. ISUAL, CrSTOVABT. 
 
 Phr.: an A. I'ar. 'bomo niendarli* 
 assuetus. veterator (an old rogw, Ter. 
 Andr. 2, 6. fin.) : an h. drunkard, ebri- 
 osus (v. DRUNKARD) : to become A., Ino- 
 lescere. Cell. 5. n. <^<* ""'• 
 
 habitually •. dr or cx more ; ex coo- 
 suetudini-: v. custom, habit.
 
 HABITUATE 
 
 HAIRY 
 
 HALF-HOLIDAY 
 
 habituate : assuefacio, consuefacio : 
 
 V. T^ ACCUSrOM. 
 
 habituation: 1. assuetudo, inis, 
 
 /. ; to become brutalized by h. to suffer- 
 ing, assuetudine mali effeiari, Liv. 2?, 
 26. 2. more usu. expr. by verb : 
 thus in preced. ex., we might say, *ut 
 qui nialo assueti assent; v. to be ac- 
 custom ED. 
 
 hack (i'.) ■• 1. accldo, di, sum, J: 
 to h. trees, i. e. to cut them part through, 
 arbores ac, Caes. B. G. 6, if. a moun- 
 tain-ash h.'d xcith the axe, ornus accisa 
 ferro, Virg. Aen. 2. 627. 2. niutllo, 
 
 I ; V. TO MUTILATE. 3. COIltldo, i ■ 
 
 V. TO CUT IN PIECES. 
 
 hack {subs.) : i. e. a hired Jwrse : 
 ♦cabaLliis conducticlus, s. meritorius: 
 
 V. HIRED. 
 
 hackney-coach : *vehiculum men- 
 torium (a hired vehidn in gen.) : Suet. 
 
 hackneyed (<wy) •■ '■ e. weiUmed -. 
 
 1. tritus: Cic. ; v. trite, common 
 (III, 2). Very h., pertritus (de eo quod 
 ab omnibus dictum est\ Sen. Ep. 6j, to. 
 Simly., contritus (rather stronger than 
 simple word) : common and h. rules. 
 communia et c. praecepta, Cic. de Or. i , 
 }i, 1J7. 2. decantatus_ in srholis: 
 
 Sen. Ep. 24, 6. 3. vulgaris, pervul- 
 gatus: v. common. Phr. : not to want 
 a h. theme from the schools, non cantile- 
 nam ex scholis exqiiirere. Sen. (in a 
 similar way Hor. uses naenia : Ep. 
 
 I. 1, 65)- , , . 
 
 haddock: *gadus morhua : Linn, 
 haft : maniibrium : v. handle. 
 hag : anus piiiida, odiosa v. old- 
 woman. 
 
 haggard : i- e. wasted and at the 
 same time wild, excited : no single word. 
 Phr.: tvith a h. look, exsanguis et 
 quasi vecors (cf. Sail. Cat. 15 ; and Cic. 
 Harusp. 1); vultum macie confectum 
 habens : v. emaciated. 
 
 haggle : perh. cavillor, i (to make 
 ant/ kind of captions objections): comp. 
 Liv. 38, 14, per cavillatlonem, " haggling 
 about the sum." 
 
 hah: ha! Pi.: Ter. . . ^ , 
 hail (subs.) : grando, inis, /. ; h. 
 mixed u-ith snow (or sleet), uivosa g., 
 Liv. 21, 58, med.: thick as h., creberri- 
 mue giandinis modo, Liv. 28, Ji, ad Jin. : 
 storms of h., grandines, Cic. N. D. 2, 5. 
 14. Adj., grandinosus, attended uith 
 h.-storms, e. %., grandiiiosa qualitas coeli. 
 Col. i, I, med.: later, grandineus, Alcim. 
 hail ("•) •• I. or a fall of hail : 
 grandinat, i : Sen. N. t^. 4, 4. Intens., 
 degrandinat, it h.s violently, Ov. Phr.: 
 it h.'d so violently, tanta vis gi-andinis 
 de coelo demissa est: cf. Liv. 21, 58, 
 med. II. To salute: shKUo, appello, 
 I : V. to greet, call. See also foil. art. 
 hail (interj.): salve, 2, defect. (L. G. 
 5 124): h. Satuniian land, s. Saturnia 
 tellus ! Virg. : to bid any one h., ali- 
 quem salvere jubere, Liv. 
 
 hail-stone: (?;grandinis granum: 
 Isid. I J, 10, ; : Kr. and Georg. give 
 grando in same sense: cf. Sen. N. Q. 4, 
 ?, 2, quare autem rotunda sit grando : 
 also ib. $ 4 : but in either case the word 
 denotes hailstones (collectively), not a 
 single hailstone. 
 
 haily: grandtnosus, grandineus : v. 
 HAIL (fin.). 
 
 hair : 1. capillus (tfte hair of the 
 head or beard: both in sing and pi.): 
 long h. (that has been left uncut), pro- 
 missus c, Caes B. G. 5. H^ bi-istly h., 
 horridus c, Cic. ; c. hirsuti, Ov. : unkempt 
 h., c. incompti, Hor. ; to singe tlie h. (of 
 the beard), capillum adurere, Cic. Tusc. 
 5, 20, ;8. Rarely of the h. of animah 
 (pilus) : the h. of a kid, c. hoedi, Gell. 
 12. I, med. Hence, capillulus (fine or 
 soft h.). Corn. Gall. : false h. (a peruke), 
 capiUamentum (also = head of h., Plin. 
 16, 10, 16), capillatiira (v. wig): having 
 k., capillatus : having a good head of h., 
 bene capillatus, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 59- 2. 
 crtais, is, m. (the h. in locks or dres.ied : 
 hence by anal, anything resembling a 
 lock of hair): (money) for dressing 
 the ft., in crines, Cic. Verr. J, }}, init.: 
 h. clotted together with blood, concreti 
 358 
 
 sanguine c, Virg. Aen. 2, 2'n : wiffi h. 
 tied back, crines religata, Hor. Od. 4, 
 II, 5. Fig.: a comet uith silver h. 
 (tail), comeies argent.o c, Plin. 2, 24, 
 22 : Virg. Hence, having lucks of h , 
 with comely h., crinilus ; a girl uith a 
 poor liecul of h., puelU male crinita, Ov. 
 A. A. ?, 245: with sno.k-y h., crinitus 
 anguibus, Cic, Verr. 4. 56, 124 by anal, 
 of a comet : Stella crinita, Suet. Ner. }6. 
 3. caesaries. ei../'. (long,piwivg h. : 
 esp. uf men, and usu. as orvam^intal) : 
 flmving hair(oi Masinissa), promissa c, 
 Liv. 28, J5, m^d .- to comb out his flow- 
 ing h. (ot Paris), peciere c, Hor. Od. i, 
 i;, 14: comely /i., decora c, Virg. (Of 
 women's h., only poet. : Virg. G. 4, til ■ 
 Ov.) Hence, hanng such h , caesaiiaius, 
 PI. 4. coma (the h. as an ornament, 
 whether of 711 e»i or nomen ; and by 
 anal., of that wliich covers and adorns, 
 ! as foliage, q. v. : usu. S'ng.) : (0 tie baxk 
 the h., coniam religare, Hor. : h. curled 
 with ii ons, calaiuistrata c, Cic. Sext. 8, 
 init. : to divide the h. into steps (a kind 
 ! of curls ?), comam in gradus frangere, 
 Quint. I, 6, fin. The pi. is poet. : Virg. 
 Aen. I, 40? : Ov. Hence, hanng ft. 
 ornamentiilly dressed, comatus, Suet. Cal. 
 J5 : Mart. : also comans, which is esp. 
 used of animals having manes, crests: 
 \ Virg. Aen. 12, 6. 5. pil"s (a s'"P'* 
 
 ft. ; also in pi. or as collect, of the na- 
 tural covering of men or aninmh) : the 
 \h.sofa horse's tail, caudae pilos equinae, 
 i Hor. Ep. 2, I, 45 : of tlie h£ forming 
 the eyelashes, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 14?: ct. 
 Plin. II, J7, 47, in capite animalium 
 cunctorum hoimni plurimus pilns. Also 
 fig., of rchat is valueless : v. straw. 
 6. villus (rough, shaggy ft.; of 
 goats, lions, etc.) : animals clothed uith 
 shaggy ft., animantes villis vestitae, Cic. 
 N. U. 2, 47, 1 21 : Virg. : Ov. 7. seta or 
 saeta : v. bristle. Other special terms 
 are: the dmvny ft. (as of an incipient 
 beard), lanugo (v. down) : the small h.s 
 in the nostrils, vibrissae, Fest. : to pluck 
 the ft. out, depilo, I: Mart.: o person 
 who has luxd his h.s plucked, depilatus. 
 glaber (v. hairless) : one wlio has grey 
 ft., canus: v. gray-haired. Phr.: he 
 vas within a hair's breadth of, etc., nil 
 propius est factum quara ut, etc., Cic. 
 Clu. 21, fin.: not to deviate a hair's 
 breadth from anything, non transver- 
 sum ut aiunt digitum (lit. finger's 
 breadth) ab aUqua re discedere, Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 18, 58 : not a ft. the worse, ne 
 pilo quidem deterior (cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 
 16, fin.). 
 
 hair-cloth: 1. cilicium (prop. 
 adj. ; textum or stragulum being under- 
 stood: "vestis seu pannus ex pilis ca- 
 prarum et hircorum contextus," P'orcell. 
 s. V.) : Varr. R. R. 2, ii,/n. : Cic. 2. 
 expr. by periphr. : v. supr. (1). 
 
 hair-dresser: 1. 'o"«>r: Cic: 
 
 Hor. : V. barber. 2. capitis et ca- 
 pilli concinnator (more precisely) : CoL 
 pref 3. cin6rarius (a hair-curler: 
 iisii. a slave) : Varr. L. L. ;, 29, 129 : 
 Cat. 4. ciniflo, onis (= ciiierariur : 
 enumerated among the tradesmen who 
 attend ladies in PI. AuL }, 5, J5)- 5. 
 ornatiix : i. e. a lady'S-viaid : q. v. 
 hairiness: expr. by pilua: v. 
 
 hair (3) 
 hair-less : 
 
 V. BAL1>. II 
 
 I. Of the head: calvus: 
 „. Of the body generally: 
 1 glaber,' bra, brum (of men or 
 beasts): Varr.: Mart.: v. smooth. 2. 
 depilatus (with the hair qf the body arti- 
 ficially removed) : Mart. : Sen. (in the 
 same sense glaber is also found). 3. 
 depilis (naturally or artificially) : Sen. : 
 Apic. 
 
 hair-oil, ointment: capiliare, is, 
 
 n.: Mart, j, 82, 28. 
 hair-pin : crinale, is, n. .- Ov. Met. 
 
 hair-powder: *puivi8 capillaris. 
 
 hair-splitting (subs.): disserendi 
 sphiae, Cic. (of the subtle distinction of 
 the Stoics), Fin. 4, 28, 79: v. subtiltt. 
 
 hairy : 1. pilosus (with a natural 
 covering of hair): ft. cheeks, p. genae, 
 Cic: Varr. Fig.: ft. leaves, p. folia. 
 
 Plin. 2. hirsiitus (with rough hair) : 
 V. SHAGGY. 3. crinitus (having locks 
 of hair ; with handsome locks) ; v. haib 
 (2). 4. comans : v. hair, 4, fin. : 
 Fig.: aft. star, siella comans. Op. : v. 
 comet. 5. capillaceus (0/' tfte ?iatMre 
 of hair): ft. leaves, folia capillacea, Plin. 
 i;, 2;, 48 (who also has capillatus in 
 same sense). 
 halberd : perh. bipennls sc. sficuris : 
 
 v. BATTLE-AXE. 
 
 halberdier : *niiles bipenni armatus. 
 halcyon: alcedo, alcyon: v. king- 
 fisher. As adj. alcyoneus (hal-): ft. 
 d/iys, alcyonei dies, Varr. L. L. 7, 5, } 88; 
 akedonia, orum, PI. Cas. prol. 26. 
 hale (ailj.) : validuo : v. healthy. 
 hale (»•) •■ V. TO HAUL. 
 half: A. Adj.: 1. dimidius 
 (esp. with pars): the moon is larger 
 than the h. (part) of the earth, luna est 
 major quam d. pars terrae, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 40, loj : Caes. In laier writers with 
 other words: a ft. leg, d. crus, Juv. ij, 
 95. 2. dimidiatus: a ft. moon, d. 
 luna, Cato in Plin. 16, jq. ,; : ft. a month, 
 d. mensis, 1 ic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, 129 : Caes. 
 B. Subs. : 1. dimidia pars: h. 
 the work, d. pars operis, Caes : Cic. : v. 
 supr. (I). 2. dimldium : the h. of an 
 hour, d. horae, Lucil. : the ft. 0/ an 
 acliierement, d. facti, Hor. Kp. i, 2, 40. 
 Esp in abl. after a com par. : Ireland 
 less by ft. than Britain, Hibernia di- 
 midio minor quam Britannia, Caes. B. G. 
 5. I J- 3. semis, issis, m. (strictly, 
 the A. of an' as) : the old sesterce is two 
 ' pounds and a ft., dupondius et s. anti- 
 quus sestertius est, Varr. : the ft. of 
 Africa, s. Africae, Plin. 18, 6, 7, ^ j : 
 heir to one ft. of a property, heres ex 
 seniisse : v. heir. See also halves. 
 C Adv. : usu. expr. by prefix 
 semi-: v. foil. artt. Phr.: uell begun 
 is ft. done, dimidium facti qui coepit 
 habet, Hor. Ep. i, 2, 40 ; (fte uvrk being 
 only ft. done, *nonnisi dimidia parte 
 operis perfecta: v. halves. 
 — afraid: semitrgpidus : Apul. 
 
 asleep : 1. semisomnus or se- 
 
 misomnis, e:'both forms in Cic: Liv. 
 2. semisopitus (rather stronger 
 than preced.): 1-iv.: Ov. 3. semi- 
 sOporus (rare) : Sidon. 
 
 blood: ^- HALF-BROTHER, HALF- 
 SISTER. 
 
 — boot : perh. cSliga (a strong nailed 
 boot norn bij soldiers: it consisted of a 
 thick sole and straps covering the foot 
 and ankle) : Cic. : Suet. 
 
 — bred : hybnda (= mixto sanguine 
 
 natUS) : V. HYBRID. 
 
 — brick : semilater, eris, m. : Vitr. 
 — brother: I. ".'/ «''« mothers 
 
 side : frater uterinus (= eadem matre 
 natus, cf. Nep. Cim. i) : Imp. Cod. ||. 
 By the father's side : liaier consan- 
 guineus (= eodem patre natus) : v. Diet. 
 Ant. p. J09. 
 
 burnt: 1. semiustus: Liv.: 
 
 Tac. : quasi-dimin .. semiustulatus, 
 "singed:" Cic Mil. 15, IJ. 2. semi- 
 ambustus: Suet. 3. semiconibustus : 
 Prud. : Sid. 4. seniierematus, semi- 
 cremus : Ov. (For syn., v. to burn.) 
 
 — clothed : 1. semitectus : Sen. : 
 Apul. 2. semiamictus: Apul. 
 
 cooked: semicoctus: Col.: Plin. 
 
 dead : 1. semianimis, e : Virg. : 
 
 Liv. (also semianimus, Lucr. : Li^-)- 
 2. semi\ivus : Cic : Sen. 3. 
 semimortuus (rare): Cat. 4, semi- 
 nex, ngcis (half -killed : the nom. does 
 not occur) : Liv. : Virg. d. mori- 
 bundus (on the point of death) : v. dying. 
 Phr.: half-dead with hunger, enectns 
 fame: v. famished. 
 
 — demolished: semiriitus: a h. 
 ivall. s. murus, Liv. 
 
 — done, finished: 1. semifact^ 
 (rare); ft. works, s. opera, Tac. : Auct. B. 
 Afr. 2. semiperfectus (rare) : Suet. 
 
 — eaten: semesus: Hor.: Suet. 
 
 — formed : semiformls, e : ft. eggt, 
 s. ova, Col. 
 
 — full : semiplenus : Cic. 
 
 — holiday : dies intercisus (as dist 
 fr. dies festus or profestas) : Macr. I, ift,
 
 H A L F - K O U R 
 
 HAMMER 
 
 H A X D 
 
 init. I' h r. . tliat da>i is a h.. 'ejus diei 
 pars diniidia ai) cessatioin-iii up>'riini, a>i 
 ferlus ajit-iiiias conccditur: v. ikjlidav. 
 
 half-hour: scmihOra: ttie (iiurroio') 
 limits III' a h., curriculum semiborae, 
 Cic. Uai). peril. 2, 6. 
 
 learned: semidoctus: Cic: Plin. 
 
 — manned : (Q/ a vessel) sOmi- 
 plenus: Cic. Verr. 5, 2;. 6j. 
 
 — moon: I. l-'it- •""* <!'""- 
 diata, <iiiiiid"ia: v. half (fldj.). Also 
 1. seniiurliis, Amni. 20, ;, nd Jin. ||. 
 Fig. : the aliape of a half-moon: luna, 
 lunula: V. ckkjCKnt. 
 
 — mourning : dressed in h., semi- 
 pullaius Sidoii. 
 
 open : 1. semiapertus : Llv. : 
 
 also, stmiadapertns (senna-). Ov. Am. 
 1, 6. 4. Dimin., semiadai>ernilus (lumtly 
 h.), Apul. 2. scmipatins : Sidou. 
 
 3, semiliiaiie: esp. of lips, a. la- 
 bellun'i, t;ai. 61, 2ib: Apul. 
 
 half-pound : 1. =^e'"'s. is*'s ■ "■ 
 HALF (s"/->.) 2. selil)ra (sfmilibra, 
 Apul.) ; liiv. 5, 47, (Ul Jin. : Cato. 
 
 ripe : 1. semiinatiirus : Pall. 4, 
 
 10, mtd. ' 2. semiHcerbus: Pall. 9. H. 
 3 miiluresoens, mis (just bfyiuniny 
 to rO'iw): cf. I'lin. 16, 26, 44. 
 
 sav.'lge: scmlfer, era, 6rum: 
 
 Virg. . I'liii. 
 
 shaven : semfrasiis : Cat. : Apul. 
 
 — shut: .•icmiclausus : Apul. 
 
 sister: suror uierina, consan- 
 
 puinea : couip. iiai-F-hkothkr. 
 
 year: e^pr. ''y semeslns, e («z- 
 
 numtlif'): ii h.'s command, s. imperium, 
 Caes. B.C. 1,9: Cic. 
 
 — yearly: A. Adj.: \. Lasting 
 
 half a yiar: semestris: v. preced. art. 
 
 II tjccuriiiig every lialf-mir : *quod 
 
 bis ill" anno fit. B. A d v.: 'bis in anno; 
 
 sexto quoqiu' meiise. 
 
 — witted: inslpiens: v. sillt. 
 halibut: 'pleuronectes hippoglossus: 
 Linn. 
 
 hall: 1. atrium ( pnncyxii room, 
 in a Roman house; used for receptions) : 
 Cic. : Hor. ; v. Diet. Ant. s. v. d/nnus. 
 The term was also applied to other 
 similar halls: as, atrium auctionarium 
 (for auciii'iis), Cic. Agr. i, ?, 7. 2. 
 conciliabulum (a place of public resort, 
 esp fin- business; whither roofed or 
 nU) : Liv. 7,1;, extr. : Tac. 3. curia 
 (strictly, /or the relii/ious services of Hie 
 curiae : also,./(»- meetings of the senate : 
 less freq. for other purposes) : the h. of 
 the Salii, c. Saliorum, Cic. Div. i, 17, 
 init. : V. sF.NATE-HonsE. 4. basilica : 
 V. COURT (V.). 
 
 halloo (interj.) : 1. hcus (to call at- 
 tention) : PI. : ler. 2. ohe (expressing 
 surprise oT aiinoi/ance): ct'.Hor. S. 1,5, 12. 
 hallow : sanctlfico, I : V. To SA^c- 
 
 TIFV. 
 
 hallowed • sacer, sanctus : y. sacrkd. 
 hallucination: 1. aiucinatio 
 
 (bii-) : Sen. Vil. beat. 26, 5 : Arn. 2. 
 somnium : esp. in pi. : v. drkam, de- 
 lusion. (N.B.— Ihe substantive aiuci- 
 natio does not occur iu Cic, but he has 
 the verb : the idle /ij! </ Kpicuru.<:, quae 
 Epicurus oscitans alucinatus est, Cic. 
 N. n. 1, 26. 7 2.) 
 halm 01 haulm: calamus: v. stalk. 
 halo '• corona ; the nord halo we may 
 most Jitly render by corona, halo nos 
 dicere coronam aptissime possnnius. Sen. 
 N. Q. I, 2, I (Jnfr. } }, he seems to hesi- 
 tate between this word and area = aAus, 
 threshing-Jloor). 
 
 halt {>'•)■• I. Milit. «.«■•• 1. con- 
 eisto, stitl, stitum, ; : both armies h. d, 
 constitit utrumque agmen, Liv. 21, 46 : to 
 h. from flight, a luga c. Liv. 10. j6, 
 med.: Caes. (But consisto often signi- 
 fies to take up a position, stand one's 
 ground : Caes. : Liv.) 2. agmen con- 
 stituo, ui, utura, J (to cause to h.; said 
 of the general) : he mwie h is army h. a 
 little irAite, paulisper agmen constltuit. 
 Sail. Jug. 49, lin.: Liv simly., signa 
 constltuere, Liv. ?!, 10. (N.B.— Not 
 itinere desisto, which is to give over a 
 march : v. Caes. B. 5. 1 1 : subsisto is 
 to pause, witn the Intention of going on 
 again almi'Si immediaitly: v. to s-nw.) 
 
 II To hesitate : haereo, haesUo : v. 
 TO FALTER. |||. T; limp; whether 
 lit. or fig. . 1. claudico, I : to ft. rn 
 one's gait, inces.su c, .Justin. 6, 2 : Cic. ■ 
 Suet. Fig.: friendship seems as »t 
 nere to h., amiciiia quasi c videtur, Cic 
 Fin. I, 2o, 69. if our ttyle h.s at all, si 
 quid in nostra oiatione c, Cic de Or. J, 
 51, 198. 2.. claudeo or clauilo. 2 and 
 } (rare) : in fig. sense = to be defective, 
 Cic. Insc. 5. 8, 22. (N.B.— Ace. 10 analogy 
 the verb should be of the second coii.l.) 
 
 bait isubs.): I. Of an army: 
 expr. by verb: to come to a h.,to mm- 
 mand a ft., consistere, agmen coii>ii- 
 luere: v. to halt. ||. A Jlan- m a 
 rhi/thmical composition : exjir. by verb 
 or adj. : there inll be a h. in the verse, 
 numerus claudus eril : cf. Gell. 4, 7 : 
 V. halting, to halt. 
 
 halt, halting (cuJj) •• claudus : v. 
 
 LAME. 
 
 halter: 1. capistrum (lor ani- 
 
 mals) : Varr. : Virg. Fig.: "f the mar- 
 riage tie, iiuirilale c, Juv. 6, 4?. 2. 
 funis, Testis: v. rope. 3. laqueus (a 
 noose : hence, a rope for hanging) : to 
 put a h. atmtt one's neck, collum in la- 
 queum inserere, Cic. Verr. 4, 17, 3T, 
 laqueo Innectere fauces, Ov. Met. 10, 
 J78: V. to hang. 
 halter i^- tr.) .- caplstro, i : Col. 6, 19. 
 halting (adi)- V. HALT, 
 halve (i'-)" P'' aequo divido, visi. 
 visum, i: to h. the rolling yiar (with 
 ref. to Proserpina), ex aequo volvcntem 
 d. annum, Ov. Met. 5. 5^5 : Lucaii : v. 
 TO DIVIDE. (N.B. The verb diiniaiu, 
 I, is found in Tert., who accuses the 
 Docetae of dividing the person ol Clinsi 
 in half "quid dimidlas mendacio Chris- 
 tum .?" de Carn. Chr. 5.) Phr. : / niU 
 ft. it {-'go haloes") vitli you, diniidiam 
 tecum partem ilividani, I'l. Aul. 4, 10. 41. 
 halved: dimidiatus; V. HALF (A.). 
 halves (usu. as inlerj.) : in com- 
 mune : to cry h. '. in c I dicere. Sen. Kp. 
 119, init. : more fully, " eja, in c, quod- 
 cunque sit lucri," Phaedr. 5, 7 : cf. To 
 HALVE (/in.). 
 
 ham :" I. '/'''« '^cfc of the knee ; m 
 men or animals: poples, Itis, m.: the 
 knees, and the h.s, and the legs, ^enu.\, 
 ]ioplitesque, et crura. Col. 6, 12, me/f. : 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 762. (Suffrage is some- 
 times explained as tfte ftum, cf. Foreell 
 s. v. ; but it appears to denote the ankle 
 joint, in anim.ds : cf. Col. 6, 15, extr.) 
 II. The Ihigh of a beast, for tin 
 table :' 1. pel iia (salted and smoked) : 
 to salt a ft., "p. salire, Cato R. K. 162 to 
 luing up h.s to smoke, pernas in Inni" 
 sii>peiidere, Cato, 1. c. : simked ft., l'. 
 fumosa. Hor. S. 2, 2, 117. 2. peia-o, 
 or petasio, onis, m. (a fore-quarter or 
 hand : ace to others the hind or broad 
 part of a ham) : the Jlesh of a ft., peUi- 
 sonis pulpa. Mart. j. 77,6: Varr. K. H. 
 2, 4, m-d. A small ft. of Ihe sort, peta- 
 sunculns : .Juv. (N. B.— The petaso was 
 eaten when newly salted ; not dried like 
 the pirna.) 
 hamlet: vicus, victiius : v. village 
 hammer (■-"''S.) ; 1. malleus (a 
 hammer iir mallet): to beat out with a 
 ft , malleo tenuare, extendere, Plin. : PI. 
 A small ft., malleolus : Cels. 2. m.ir- 
 ciihis (strictly a dimin. word, cf. Isid. 
 Or. 19. 7, 2, but wliich lost its dimin. 
 force: a heavii smith's hammer): Lucil. 
 in Jsid. 1. c:'cr Plin. 7, 56. 57. ^ I95. 
 where the ref is to smiths tools. (Also 
 written inartulus.) Marcus and mar- 
 cellus also originally h;id a similar mean- 
 ing: Isid. 1. c 3. liidt's. is and 'tis, 
 HI. (an obsolete word = malleolus): 
 
 hammer («'■ tr.): malleo tundere, 
 Plin. 19. I, J ; exciitere, PI. Men. 2, t, 57 : 
 v. HAMMER (subs.). Phr : t-- ft. at the 
 same anvil night and day (tig.), eandem 
 incudem diem nocteinque tundere. Cic. 
 de Or. 2, J9, init. : to ft. a thing into any 
 one aliqnid inculcare alicui, Cic. de Or. 
 I 28, 127 (but the Kng. is more forcible 
 and homely ; the Lat. may be strength- 
 ened by iterum atqne iterum, or ue- 
 rando: v iii.rr.\TEiiLV.) 
 
 hammerer: malleator: Mart, 
 hammock : lectus suspensub : CeU. 
 }, 18, mtd.: 1. p^nsilis (Ivr.): cf. Juv. 
 
 '. '59- 
 
 hamper (!"bs.) : L qualus or 
 qualuin : vint-grouers' h.s in whicK 
 grapes are carried, q. vindemiatorii [e.x- 
 ceptorilque], in quibus uvae conipor- 
 tantur. Dip. I'ig. a, 7, 8: Cato R. K. 
 u, extr.: Virg. 2. fiscina {amj 
 
 M-irker basket): v. basket. The form* 
 fiscella, fiscellus, also occur. 3. aco. 
 onis. 111. (for holding sand, earth): 
 Plin. j6, 14, 21: Vilr. 
 
 hamper («•) ; 1. impedio, 4 : tliey 
 are so h.'d: they taJ<e a tr<Mp oj maids 
 with them, adeo impeditae sunt; an- 
 cillanim gregem secum ducuiit, ler. 
 Heaut. 2, }, 4: you v:ill ft. yourself, ipse 
 te impedies [ipse tu tua d.fenslone iin- 
 pllcabere], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, i8. 44: v. to 
 
 HINDER, F.NTAXGLE. 2. Impllco, I : 
 
 V. TO ENTANGLE. 3. tinco, (tintinCO. 
 
 circumdudo : v. TO FETTER, SHirr in. 
 hamster: •muscrlcetus (l.inn.). 
 hamstring (subs.). '\>o[>\iu^ nervus 
 hamstring ('■•)■• popiitem (pupiites) 
 alicui succido, di, sum, } : Virg. Aen. 9, 
 762 : I'clr. I : Liv. 
 
 hand (subs.) : 1, manus, us, /.: 
 the right, left ft., m. dextera or dexira, 
 slnisira or laeva (v. kicmt, left): the 
 flat or the hollow of the ft., m. plana, 
 concava. Sen. Kp. 56, init. : to 1 ass a 
 thing from ft. toft., aliquid de niaiiu in 
 m. tradere, Cic. Fam. 7, 5..//"-: '<> raise 
 the h.s (in astonishment), mauus tollere. 
 Cic. 1. c. med. : to lay the ft. on tUe mouth 
 (in token of silence), m. ad os imiKjnere, 
 Coel. in Cic. 8, l, 4: the shrine is on this 
 ft., est ad banc m. sacellum, ler. Ad. 4, 
 2, ;7. 0: ten used melon. : (i )=i/i'«'er. • 
 thesf things are not in our h.s, haec non 
 sunt in nostra m., Cic. Fam. 14, 2. med. : 
 to allow an enemy to escape out of 
 your ft.s, hostem manibus emittere, 
 l.iv 44, }6, meil. ; or with de, e (v. go, 
 TO let): to lay one's ft. on any one 
 (cause him to s"toi<). manum alicui injic- 
 ere. Cic. K. Com. 16. 48. (ii.) violence: 
 to lay violent h.s upim oneself, sibi ma- 
 nus afferre. Plane, in Cic (v. sriCiDE): 
 in this sense often « ith vis : to lay vio- 
 lent h.s upon am/ one, inferre vim et 
 manus alicui, Cic Cat. i, 8, 21 : v. vio- 
 LENCE. (lii.) meton. for work : to put 
 a ft. to am/thing, alicui operi faciendo 
 manus adniovere. Suet. Vesp. 8 (but 
 manus admovere may also express vio- 
 lence: cf. Liv. 5. u.titr.l: Ihaie the 
 seventh book of my Origins in ft-, 
 Septimus mihi Origlnum in m:inibus 
 est, Cic. Sen. 11, 58: prompt of A,, 
 manu promptus. Sail. .lug. 7 (Iv.) 
 j with ref. to the reception of gijts: to 
 have clean h.s, manus pecuniae absU- 
 nenies habere, cf. Cic. Off. i, 4". '44. 
 and Hor. Od. 4, 9, i^. See also toll artU 
 1 2. dextera or dextra t.s<: manus: 
 strictly tne right ft. : preferreil to manus 
 ichene'ver the right hand n-ndd natu- 
 rally be used) : to give one's ft. (i" token 
 of amity), d. dare, Liv. 1,7: gii-e me your 
 ft., cedo d.. Per. Heaut. {. 1. 84: simly., 
 dextram dextrae Jungere (when mutu- 
 ality Is intended). Virg.; dextras copn- 
 lari, PI.: ye carry lUierty awl C". iirro 
 1)1 your (riqht) hJ [ihe S"ord hand], 
 vos libertatem atquc patrl.im In d. ves- 
 tris portatis. Sail. Cat. 58: ">e P>"Uf *- 
 will do no guilt, nil faciei sceleris pl« 
 d., Hor. S. 2, I, 54- 3. pallia (V" 
 pahn of the ft.: also poi't. Me entire 
 A , esp. as outstretrhed in supplication): 
 cliains conlined her tender h.s. tenerjs 
 arcebiint vincula p., Virg. Aen. 2, 406: 
 with outslrdchcd h.s, pa.ssis p.. Cic. B. U 
 J 08: to take up water nnth the hol- 
 low of the ft., cava p. undam toUere. 
 Virg ".\en. 8. 69. P h r. ; to bt vd a man 
 ft and foot, aliquem qiiadruiiedem con- 
 stringefe. for Andr. 5, 2, 24: 10 hare o 
 ft. in anuthing. Interesse alicui rei (less 
 homely than Kng. : v. part, to take) : 
 to live from ft. to mouth, in horam vl- 
 vere, Cic Ph. 5. 9^ ^5 • «^ have one's h^ 
 full (have enough to do), saUs agere (the 
 form satago. i.e. sat' ago also occurs)- 
 359
 
 HAND, AT 
 
 HANDFUL 
 
 HAN DSO M E L Y 
 
 when the Romans had their h.s full. 
 quura satis agerent Romani, Gell."j, 8: 
 pass, impers., we are fighting vigorously, 
 but have got our h.s .full, piignatur acri- 
 ter; agitur tainen satis, Cic. Att. 4, 15, 
 fin. : h. to h., i. e. at clone quarters, 
 cominus, opp. to eminus, which is used 
 of fighting at a distance: Cic: Liv. : 
 to clap the h.s, plaudere (v. to clap). 
 
 II. Handivriting : chlrographum : 
 V. HANDWRITING. |||. The index of 
 a time-piece: gnomon, onis, m. {of a 
 dial) : Plin. 2, 72, '74. Of a cl-ock or 
 watch, perh. horarum index, cf. Plin. 18, 
 21, 67. 
 
 handi at : 1. praesto (with esse) : 
 where is your brother!' he is close at h., 
 ubi est frater ? pr. est, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 
 20. Esp. of being at hand to assist : to 
 be at h. to lielp on every occasion, ad 
 omnia p. esse, Cic. Fam. 4, 8. 2. ad 
 maiium (ready toh.): the Romans fiad 
 reinforcements ath. at home, Romanis ad 
 m. domi supplementum esset, Liv. 9, 19, 
 med. : Quini. 3. prae manu or ma- 
 nibus (0/ ready money, effects, etc. : not 
 in Cic.) : if tite ivork of Caesar is at h. 
 let it be fetched, si Caesaris liber p. ma- 
 nibns est, pronii jubeas, Gell. 19, 8, 7ned. : 
 not to have (money) in h., p. manu non 
 habere, Ulp. Dig. ij, 7, 27: Ter. 4. 
 sub m^nu (just close at h.) : Plane, in 
 Cic. Fam. 10, 2J, med.: sub manum also 
 occurs in similar sense. Suet. Aug. 49. 
 
 5. pr6pe, propter : v. near. To be 
 ath.: (I.) adsum (ass.), iui, esse (absol. 
 or with dat.) : evening is at h., vesper 
 adest, Cic. : the day for the trial teas at 
 h., aderat judicio dies, Liv. j, 12, init. 
 (N.B. — When used of place, adsum is to 
 be present.) (2.) subsum, irr. (to be 
 close at h. : usu. absol.) : there was a 
 mountain close at h., mous suberat, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 25: the day for tlie elec- 
 tions being at h., quum dies comitiorum 
 .subesset, Cic. Mil. 16, 42. (3.) advento, 
 
 app6t0 : V. TO APPROACH. 
 
 , by ; minu (artificially, opp. to 
 
 naturally): v. art (L 1). 
 
 — . in: 1. in manibus (of what 
 is before one ; tlie object of attention) : 
 to attend to the matter in h.. quai^ in m. 
 sunt attendere, D. Brut, in Cic. Fam. 11, 
 IJ: Cic. Alt. I}. 47 (also inter manus, 
 Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, j, extr.): his pane- 
 gyric is in (everybody's) h.s, est in ma- 
 nibus laudatio, Cic. Sen. 4, I2. 2. (of 
 money) prae manu: v. at hand (3). 
 P h r. : to take in h., suscipere (v. to 
 undertake): h. in h., dextris inter se 
 jimctis (v. HAND, I. 2) : Vie Nymphs h. 
 in h. with the Graces, junctae Nymphis 
 Gratiae, Hor. Od. i, 4, 6; to be in any- 
 one's hands, i. e. power, v. hand (L 1). 
 
 — , on the one, the other: 1. 
 
 expr. by hie .... ille or the pron. adw. 
 hie, illic : also by alter .... alter (when 
 a contrast is intended) : cf. Veil. 2, 49, 
 alterius ducis causa melior videbatur, 
 alterius erat firmlor : hie omnia speciosa, 
 illic valentia ; see also L. G. } j66. The 
 latter member may be strengthened by 
 contra: accordingly as on the one h. 
 these are luretched, so on the other, these 
 are happy, ergo ut hi niiseri, sic illi 
 contra beati, Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16. 2. 
 et . . . . et (where enumeration rather 
 than contrast is intended : v. L. G. ^ 562) : 
 when one of the clauses is negative, et 
 may be followed or preceded by neque 
 (nee), et non (L. G. $ 564) : (a situa- 
 tion) which on the one h. the sun does 
 not scorch, and on the other the dew can 
 reach, quem et non coquit sol, et tangit 
 ros, Varr. R. R. }, 14: Cic. 3. qui- 
 dem .... at sed, autem, etc. : tlie rest 
 indeed [on the one A.] have perished 
 shMmefully ; Cato, on the other h., nobly, 
 ceteri quideni (oede perieruni, at Cato 
 praeclare Cic. Fam. 9, £8 : cf. id. Sen. 11, 
 }b, et corpora quidem exercitatione et 
 defatigatione ingravescunt; animi autem 
 se exercendo levantur : cf. Tursellin. 
 8. V. quidem. 4. sometimes no word 
 of contrast is expr. in the former clause 
 (as ofleu in Eng.) : as, it is [on the one 
 hand~] perhaps wrong to say ichat you 
 do not think, on the other h., to say no- 
 
 thing is clearly right, dicere fortasse 
 quae sentias non licet, tacere plane licet, 
 Cic. Fam. 4, 9, med. : on the one h. ra- 
 titer more fettered in rhythm, on the 
 other, more free in dealing u ith lan- 
 guage, numeris adstrictior paulo, verb- 
 orum autem licentia liberior, Cic. de Or. 
 1, 16, 70. 
 
 hand, out of: colloq., as in phr. to do 
 a thing out if h., celeriter ac sub manum 
 (= prompte) aliquid tacere: cf. Suet. 
 Aug. 49 v. promptly. 
 
 , to : Phr.: what had happened 
 
 to come first to h., quod cuique teraere 
 ad manum venisset, Liv. ;8, 21, med : 
 Quint. : h. to h., i. e. in ckise quarters, 
 cominus (v. hand, I, /m ) to pass from 
 h. to h., per manus tradere, Hirt. : Liv. : 
 V. to hand, hand down. 
 
 handC"- tr.): 1. trado,didi,ditum, 
 } (to deliver to another) : to h. a will to 
 any one to read, testamentum tradere 
 alicui legendum, Hor. S. 2, 5, 5 1 : to h. 
 a cup to any one, poculum alicui tr., Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 40, 96. 2. porrlgo, rexi, 
 rectum, j : to h. {hold out) a suord to 
 any one. gladium alicui p., Cic. Mil. }, 
 extr. : of h.ing a guest something at 
 table, Hor. S. 2. 8, }o : cf. Cic. Coel. 26, 
 fin., quum jam manum ad iradendam 
 pj'xidem porrexisset. 3. offero, j, irr. : 
 v. to offer. 
 
 — down : 1. trado, didi, ditum, 
 } : to h. doicn religious rites, sacra 
 facienda tr., Liv. 5, 52, med. Often with 
 some such word as memoriae, lamae : 
 to h. a thing dovm to posterity, aliquid 
 posteris tr., Liv. 8, 10, med. : this would 
 be h.'d down to posterity, hoc posteris 
 memoriae traditum iri, Liv. i, 67, init. : 
 Cic. 2. prodo, dIdi, ditum, j (usage 
 similar to preced.) : Cic. : Nep. ; also 
 with abl. memoria, of what has been h.'d 
 down and preserved <»'adi<4onatii/ . Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 12: Cic._ 
 
 over : trado, j : V. GIVE up, de- 
 liver DP. 
 
 — round : 1. circumfero, j, irr. : 
 to h. round in bowls (a drink), in pa- 
 tens c. Sail. Cat. 22 : PI. 2. divido, 
 J : V. to distribute. 
 
 hand-barrow : (?) ferctilum (any- 
 thing adapted for carrying other things 
 upon): V. Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 hand-bell : timinnabulum : V. p.ELL. 
 
 hand-bill: I, -^ chopper: perh. 
 dblabra: v. chopper, hatchet. ||. .4 
 single published sheet: libellus (the 
 term applied to notices of confiscation 
 OTsale; playbills, etc.): cf. Cic! Phil. 2, 
 i8, init. : Dial, de Or. 9, med. (There 
 seems to be no classical authority tor 
 scheda or scida in this sense : in Quint. 
 I, 8, 19, it is = sheet, "page," q. v.) 
 
 hand-book : 1. enchiridion (iyx^i-- 
 piSiov), i, n.: August, (title of book): 
 M. L. 2. (pure Latin) libellus (any 
 small book or shmi treatise) : v. treatise. 
 (N.B. — No good authority for manuale 
 in this sense.) 
 
 hand-breadth : palmus : Vitr. (v. 
 Diet. Ant. p. 1227). Of a h. in dimen- 
 sion, pa'.maris, e : Varr. : Cud. 
 
 handcuff (subs.) : usu. pi. : manicae, 
 arum : to put h.s on any one, m. alicui 
 injicere, Pi. Capt. }, ;, i ; m. addere, 
 Sil. 17, 141; more forcibly, imphigere, 
 cf. PI. Capt. i, 5, 76. 
 
 handcuff ("•) ; v. preced. art. 
 
 handful: |. Lit. : l. manlpulus 
 (a h. of grass, hay, or the like) : h.s of 
 fern, manipuli filicum, Virg. G. }, 297 : 
 Plin. 2. pugillus (as much as any- 
 one can take up in the closed hand) : a 
 h. of lentils, p. lentis, Cato K. R. i;8: 
 Plin. (Pugnus, of which this is dimin., 
 late in this sense : Marc. Emp. cir. 400, 
 A.D.) II. Fig., a very small quantity 
 or number : Phr.: a h. of 7nen, parva 
 manus, Sail. Cat. 7, fin. ; stronger, exi- 
 guae copiae, Nep. Milt. 4, extr. (of the 
 Athenians at Marathon) : cf. exiguae 
 puppes, for a h. of ships, Lucan j, 182 : 
 also abstr. for concr., by this h. of men 
 the supremacy of tlie iMcedaemonians 
 was shaken, qua paucitate percussa est 
 Lacedaemoniorum potentia, Nep. Pel. 
 2 : v. few. 
 
 hand-grenade : (?) maUeoius bom- 
 
 bardieus. 
 
 handicraft : artif iclum (only appli- 
 cable to occupations requiring skill : cf. 
 Cic. Fin. J, 2, init., where the special 
 craft of an opifex is called artificimn ; 
 and Off. I, 42, init., where mere trades 
 are called quaestus) : to learn a h., dis- 
 cere a., Paul. Dig. (>,i, }i: tobe engaged 
 in any h., in aliquo art. versari. Mart. 
 Dig. j2, 65, $2: Sen. (N.B.— jVot opi- 
 ficium, which is rare = working.) Phr.: 
 to get a poor living by some h.. nianuum 
 mercede inopiam tolerare. Sail. Cat. 37 : 
 Ter. (N.B. — Not opera : wliich is nuxn- 
 ual labour, service.) 
 
 handicraftsman : artifex, ids : v. 
 artisan. 
 handiwork : opus, oplf Icium : v. 
 
 WORK. 
 
 handily: perh. hablliter: cf. Liv. 
 Epit. 57. scutum paivum h. ferre. 
 
 handiuess: perh. habllitas: v. dex- 
 
 TEKITV. 
 
 handkerchief: sildarium (strictly 
 for wiping of perspiration : also fin- 
 other uses) : Cat. : Mart. : Suet. Dimin,, 
 sudariolum, ApuL 
 
 handle (subs.): |. Lit. : 1. 
 
 ansa : the h. of a drinldng cup, poculi 
 a.. Virg. : the h. of a door, ostii a., Petr. 
 Hence, having a h., ansatus : o itessel 
 with h.s, vas ansatum, Col. 9, 15, post 
 init. 2. manubrium (of a knife, 
 sword, etc. : "liaft ") : the h. of a knife, 
 cultelli m., Juv. : of a ladle, trullac m., 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 27, 62. Hence, manubri- 
 a.tns,, furnished with a h.. Pall. : Amm. : 
 a sjnall h., manubriolum, Cels. 3. 
 capulus (tliat by nhich anything is 
 held): the h. of a plough, c. aratri, Ov. 
 Pont. I, 8. 57 : esp. of a stvord : v. hilt. 
 II. Fig.: occasion, opportunity: 
 Phr.: to give as it were a h. for finding 
 fault, tanquam ansam ad reprehen- 
 "dendum dare, Cic. Am. 16, ad fin. : I 
 have taken the h. out of his hand (Prov.), 
 exemi ex manu manubrium, PI. Aul. j, 
 
 4. 12. 
 
 handle (v.): \. Lit.- tracto. i: 
 what we taste, smell, h., quae gnstamus, 
 olfacinms, tr., Cic. Tusc. 5, jB, 1 1 1 : to 
 h. a cup with greasy fingers, unctis tr. 
 calicem manibus, Hor. Comps., per- 
 tracto (in .'■ame sense), Cic. Par. 5, j, j8 ; 
 con trecto, more precisely, with manibus. 
 Hor. Ep. I, 20, 1 1 ; attrecto (esp. iji such 
 a manlier as to defile) : to h. books with 
 polluted hands, libros contaminatis ma- 
 nibus at., Cic. Harusp. ij, init. ||. 
 Fig.: to treat in a certain way: 
 Phr.: (somewliat) violently h.d, inju- 
 riosius tractatus, Cic. Man. 5, 1 1 ; male 
 mulcatus (with blows), Phaedr. I, J, 9 : 
 
 v. TO TREAT, MANAGE. 
 
 handling : tractatio: V. TBEAT- 
 
 MENT. 
 
 handsome: I. in aj^pearance: 
 
 1, spgciosus (of striking appear- 
 ance, conspicuously good-looking) : a h, 
 uoman, mulier s., Ov. A. A. j, 421 : a 
 very h. man (Alclbiades), speciosissimus 
 homo, Quint. 8, 4. 2j : a h. establish- 
 ment, s. familia. Sen. Ep. 87, 5: Petr. 
 (Not in Cic. in this sense). 2. pulcer 
 or pulcher, formosus (the latter rarely 
 of the male sex): v. beadtifui,. 3. 
 dScorus (comely, becoming a man) : to 
 take pleasure in h. arms, in d. armis 
 libidinem habere, Sail. Cat. 7. 4, 
 lautus (magnificent) : a h. equipage, 
 1. comiiatus. Suet. Ep. 87, 4 : v. splen- 
 did. Phr.: a very h. young woman, 
 egregia facie virgo, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 50: 
 Cic. : the lu appearance of a town, 
 praeclara species oppidi, Cic. Rep. }, 
 J2: what a h. head of hair he has, 
 caesaries quam decet .' PI. ||. Large: 
 in phr., a h. fortune, opes speciosae, 
 Tac. Agr. 44 ; fortuna sp.. Quint. Decl. ; 
 ampla [amplissima] fortuna, Cic. Verr. 
 
 5, 8, init. III. Generous: liberalis: 
 
 V. LIBERAL. 
 
 handsomely : i. e. liberally, lau- 
 dably : praeclare (admirably) : Cic 
 Phr.: he shall vow he has been h. 
 treated, bene dicet secum esse actum 
 faxo, Ter. Ad. i, 1. z.
 
 HANDSOMENESS 
 
 HAPPINESS 
 
 HARBOUR 
 
 handsomeness: species (praeclara) : 
 V. HANDSOME (I, Jin.). See also gene- 
 
 BOSlTy. 
 
 handwriting: 1. chirSgraphum : 
 to iiaitaU any one's h., alicujus cb. inil- 
 tari, Cic. N. D. j, jo, •;4. 2. (melon.) 
 minus or lilera : Alexis's hand iias so 
 nearly like your h., Alexidls manus tarn 
 prope accedebut ad similitudinem Uterae 
 tuae, Cic. Alt. "j, i, }. 
 
 handy : bftbllis, e (easily managed : 
 or in act, sense, capable of managing 
 easily) : stcords h. jrom tUeir shortness, 
 brevitate h. gladii, Li v. 22, 46. (For act. 
 sense, cf. Cic. de Or. i, 25, 115). Ste 
 
 also SKILFUL. 
 
 hang: A. Trans.: |. To sus- 
 pend in any way : 1. suspendo, dl, 
 sum, J : to h. up hams iii the wind, per- 
 nas s. in venlo, Cato : the sn allow h.s 
 its nest to the rafters, tignis (in prose a 
 prep, is more usu. : v. inf. 11.) iiidum s. 
 hirundo, Virg. G. 4, 507. 2. fiKo, af- 
 f igo, i : V. TO FASTEN. ||, To lake 
 away life by hanging -. suspendo, j : in 
 this sense usu. foil, by de, o. In arbore : 
 cf. Cic de Or. 2, 69, 278 (de ticu) ; id. 
 Verr. }, 2?, 57 (in oleastro) ; (juintil. 6, 
 ). 88 (ex ficu) ; or abl. alone, Tuc. Ger. 
 12 (arborlbus) : also by dat.. Vet. Leg. 
 in Cic. Kab. perd. 4, ij (Infelici arbori!; 
 Liv. I, 26, med. (The preced. pbr. do 
 not necessarily imply ^hat death en- 
 sues : cf. Cic. Verr. j, 2}, 57, extr.) Also 
 absoL, take a rope andh. yourself, aipias 
 restim ac te suspendas ! PI. Poen. i, 2, 
 184 (see also infr., Fhr.). Pbr.: to I., 
 oneself, suspendio vitam tinire. Suet. 
 Aug. 6;, med. (v. hanging, subs.) ; 
 fauces nodo elidere. Sen. Prov. extr. : go 
 and be h.'d, i (abi) in malara crucem, 
 PI. Cas. ?, 5, 21 ; abi dier^ctus, dierecte, 
 PI. (pass.): you Im h.'d, vapula ! PI. 
 Am. I, I, 217. Ill, To allow to droop : 
 deniitto, si, ssum, j . to h. doimi the 
 head (of lilies), caput d., Ov. Met. 10, 
 
 192: cf. Hor. S. 1,9.20: V. TO LOWF.R. 
 
 IV. To cover by hanging : 1. ves- 
 tio, 4 (to cover ornamentally) : to U. n alls 
 xaith pictures, parietes tabulis v., Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 55, 122: v. to clothe. 2. 
 velo, I (poet.): cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 249, 
 delubra lesta velamus fronde; and Ov. 
 F. 6, J12. B. i" trans. : |. Lit. : 
 pendeo, p^pendi, pensiim, 2 : the drop 
 h.sfrom the nose, a naso stiria p.. Marl. 
 7. i"), 5 : Cic. : also foil, by ex (Cic. Verr. 
 J, 26, 66), de (Petr. 30, init.), or abl. 
 alone, when tliere is an attributive, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 546: a tiger's skin h.s down his 
 back, tigridis exuviae per dorsum p., 
 Virg. Aen. 1 1, 577. Fig.: to h. mi the 
 crest of the wave, in sumnio fluctu p., 
 Virg. Simly., conip. dependeo (to h. 
 doum : only in pres. tenses) : Liv. : Suet. 
 
 l|. Fig.: to h. up<'n , be riveted 
 with attention : \. stiipeo, ui, 2 (to 
 h. '• trreaf.hkss ") : cf. Cic. tin. 2, i},fin., 
 haec quum loqueris, nos barones stupe- 
 mus: also Virg. Aen. 1,49;: Hor. Od. 
 2. '4. ii- 2. perb. pendeo, 2 : cf. 
 Lucr. I, i8 : e tuo peiidet spirilus ore, 
 "his very breath h.s upon thy lips." 
 See also to enchain. |||. Also tig., 
 to h. upon ; i. e. to hover neur, esp. with 
 hostile intent : 1, perb. imnilneo, ui, 
 2 (to overhang, threateningly) : cf. Auct. 
 B. Alex. 7, imminenlibus aique inse- 
 quentibus: v. to threaten. 2. liae- 
 reo, si, sum, 2 (to stick close to, pursue 
 pertinaciously) : full expr., h. in terga 
 [tergis, Curt.j bostiiim, Liv. i, 14. 
 
 back : grslvor, I (to make a 
 
 difficulty about anything): diibito, i : 
 V. to hesitate, decline. 
 
 on : pendeo, 2 : v. to depend. 
 
 over: impendeo, immineo: 
 
 V. TO ovekhang, impend. 
 
 to : haereo, adhaereo : v. to 
 
 ci.TNG to. 
 
 hangdog : furcTfer, firi : Cic. Vat. 6, 
 esctr. 
 
 hanger : perh. pugio, onis, m. ; v. 
 Dagger, sword. 
 
 hanger-on : assecla, cliens : v. de- 
 pindknt. 
 
 hanging (subs.) : |. Death by 
 hanging : suspendium : (a person) killed 
 
 by h., suspendio interemptus, Plin. 28, 
 
 1, 2: Cic: Suet.: v. to HaNG (A, I, 
 pbr.). II. Only in pi , luxnging dra- 
 pery : aulaea, orum (curtains, avnings, 
 etc.) : a bedstead imlh splendid h.s, au- 
 laeis superbis spoiida, Virg. Aen. I, 
 
 697 : Hiir. S. 2, 8, 54 : V. CtUTAIN, DBA- 
 PKItV. 
 
 hanging (adj.) : 1. i>ensTlis, e : h. 
 chandelxrs, p. lycbnuchi, Plin. ;4, i, 8: 
 pcnsilis is also used of all structures not 
 on the ground-jloor, as in pensiles borti. 
 Curt. 5, I, ni«rf. : Plin.: Vltr. 2. pe"- 
 di'ilus (of a nature to hang dont), 
 pendulous : chiefly poet.) ; h. cheelcs, p. 
 genae, Plin. 14, 22, 28 : h. dewlap (of 
 o.\en), p. palearia, Ov. Met 7, 117: 
 Hor. : Mart. 3. pendens, ntls (ac- 
 tually h., at the time: part.): v. to 
 hang (B). 4. demissus (alloved to 
 hang dxmii) : arms h. down (aivk- 
 uardly). d. brachia. Quint. 2, iJ, 8 : PI. : 
 comp. Ter. Kun. 2, }, 44. 5. fluens, 
 ntis (loosely h): h. dneks, f. bucaie, 
 Cic.de Or. 2. 66, 266: Virg, See also 
 
 DI[(»ol'IN(;, FLABBY. 
 
 hangman: camifex, Icls: v. exe- 
 cutioner. (V'ery oft, a term of re- 
 proach, Ter. Andr. i, 2, 12.) 
 
 hanker after: perh. exp6to, }: v. 
 
 to long for. 
 
 hap (*■"''-<■) ■• fors; quod fit casu : v. 
 chance. 
 
 hap-hazard: Phr. : in a h. way, 
 temere [ac fonuiti)], Cic : v. r.vndom 
 
 (AT). 
 
 hapless: miser: V. CNFORTCNATE. 
 
 haply: lortasse: v. perhaps. 
 
 happen : 1. accWo, di, ? (this 
 and foil, verbs in present sense only in 3 
 pers. sing, and pi. : of either un/OTt«na(« 
 or fortunate events : often with dat.) : 
 it h.'d to be full moon, accidit ut asset 
 luna plena, Caes. B. G. 4, 29 : Cic : Nep. : 
 it h.'d very unfortunately that you did 
 not see him, accidit perincommode quod 
 eum non vidisti (where the latter clause 
 is the subject), Cic. Alt. 1, 17, i: the 
 subj. may also be an infm., Cic. Fam. 
 6, II, nee enim acciderat mihi opus 
 esse : to h. fortunately for any one, ali- 
 cui satis opportune ac, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 22: Cic. (N.B.— /, you, he h.'d to be, 
 must be expr. by accidit ut esseni, esse.s, 
 esset : comp. infr.). The simple verb 
 cado also occurs (rarely) in this sense: 
 if aught untoaard should /(., si quid ad- 
 versi casurum foret, Liv. J5, ij, fin.: 
 cf. Cic. Fan). 5, 19, med., quum aliter 
 res cecidisset ac putasses. 2. con- 
 tingo, tigi, i (to faU to the lot of any 
 one ; usu. with dat.) : it cUies ruit h. to 
 everybody (is not everylxxly's good luck), 
 non cuivis homini contingit (with intin. 
 as subj.). Hor. Kp. 1, 17, }6: also absol., 
 that h.'d through no fault of mine, 
 [nulla] luea culpa id contigit, Cic de Or. 
 
 2, 4, 15. (Contingo is most freq. used 
 of what is fortunate, but not always so, 
 cf. Cic. Ph. 2. 7, 17. tibi idem [sc. fa- 
 turn] quod illis accidit contigissei.) b, 
 evenio, .veui, ventiim, 4 (to come to 
 pass : not necessarily implying acci- 
 dent) : / feared those things nould h. 
 whicli have done so, llnieb.iin ne eveni- 
 rent ea quae acciderunt, Cic. Fam. 6, 21 : 
 v;e h.'d to be at the Pnvernum estate, 
 evenit ut In Privernati essemus. Brut, 
 in Cic de Or. 2, ;;, 224 (but Cic himself 
 would prob. have said accidit) : v. to 
 OCCUR, TURN OCT (intr.). 4. fio, fac- 
 tus, llgri (to take place, whether acciden- 
 tally or not): how h.s (7, qui fit (ut)? 
 Hor. S. I, 1,1: ((4- iften h.s, quod per- 
 saepe fit, Cic. Am. 20, 75 ; ut fieri solet, 
 ib. 21, 77. (For usu venire, v. to kx- 
 
 PERIENCE.) 
 
 happily : b8n6, beate, fElidter : for 
 syn. V. HAPPY. 
 
 happiness : 1. felicTtas (strictly, 
 luck-iness, good-fortune) : real (sub- 
 stantial) h., solida f., Plin. 7, 44, 45, 
 fin. : cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 24, 57, si potest ulla 
 esse in scelere f. 2. usu. better expr. 
 by beatus, beate : itfollovs that h. con- 
 sists in virtue, etlicitiir honestale una 
 viiani cotitineri Iwatani, Cic. Tnsc. 5, 
 15, 44 : also in phll. lang. the neut. bea- 
 
 tom may be used rubs., cf. Cic. I. c ^ 4^ 
 I quid (Kiterit beatum inieliigi ? all thingt 
 which tend to h., omnia quae ad beate 
 vivendiim feruiit, Cic Join: bene 
 beateque[vlverej,Cic. P.ir. i.cxtr. (N.B. 
 — Beatilas, beatiiudo, suggested by Cic 
 N. I). I, }.^, 95, are very rare In" later 
 writers.) 3. conmi6dum, esp. in pi. 
 (interest, advantage, comfort) : to seek 
 the h. of one's sutrjects, eonim quibus 
 pmetiiR commodis ruiililatlque] servire, 
 Cic y. Fr. I , I, 8. Comp. the use of bona, 
 I Virg. G. 2, 458. Phr.: it too* my 
 
 ih mibi contigit (foil, by in/in.), 
 
 Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 41 : V. TO HAPPEN. See 
 
 also FKLICITOI'SNESS. 
 
 happy : |. Of human life : L 
 beatus (truly h.): h. the man, b. llle, 
 qui...., Hor. Epod. I, init.: Cic: v. 
 HAPPINESS (2). 2. fclix, icis (lucky, 
 successful) : used poet, ot 1 eal happi- 
 ness : thrice and more than thrice A., 
 f. ter el ampliiis, Hor. (Jd. i, ij, 17. 3_ 
 forlunatus (favoured of furiune) : su- 
 premely h. (husbandmen), nimium f., 
 Virg. G. 2, 458 V. FORTUNATE. 4. 
 faustus : V. AU.«Piciors, ||, 01 J»n- 
 gliage. veil choseti : Idoneus, aplus, ac- 
 coniniOdatus ad rem : v. appbopbiate. 
 Or perb. telix : v. FELicrroLs. |||, 
 .•<UfCessful ill treating a subject: f?lix: 
 cf. I'lin. J4, 8, 19 $ 10, Pra.xiteles mar- 
 more /eJicufl- ; also Hor. A. P. J4, in- 
 felix operis summa. 
 
 harangue (subs.) : contio (concio), 
 onls, ./. (an address delivered to a popu- 
 lar assembly, to soldiers) : he delivei ed 
 an h. t>efore the soldiers, c. apud niiliti-s 
 babuit, Caes. B.C. J, 7?: Cic: riotous 
 /(.s, turbuleiitae c, Cic. See also spefxh. 
 '/'o deliver an h., contionari ; folL by 
 apud, Caes. B. C. 1, 7 ; by ad. Suet Aug. 
 84, extr. 
 
 harangue ("■) •■ contlCnor, 1 : V. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 haranguer: contionator : Cic Cat. 
 4, 5, 9 (in bud sense). 
 
 harass : I. In gen. sense : 1. 
 sollicitd, I (lo disquiet ; render uneasy) : 
 many things h. and annoy me, multa 
 me s. anguntque, Cic Alt 1, 18, i : Ter. 
 Join: faniniumj excruciare el s.. Cic 
 Fin. I, 16, 50. 2. vexo, t (stronger 
 than preced.) : to be h.'d vith grave 
 alarms, magnis terroribus vexari, N'ep. 
 Att 9, med. : vexo is oft used of rough 
 usage, mat-treatment, by soldiers or 
 others : v. Lat 1 <ict s. v. 3. f atigo, 
 dcfatigo, 1 (the latter intens.: to veary 
 out, wear out): cf. Veil. 2, J4. [Creta 
 insula] per triennium Romanos exer- 
 citus fatigaverat : v. to weaky. 4. 
 exagito, I (to h. continually ; keep in a 
 state of alarm) : h.'d in u-ar by the 
 Suevi for many years, ab Suevis niuUos 
 annos exagitati. Cues. B. G. 4, i : v. to 
 trouble. 5. distineo, ui, lenlum, 2 
 (to dranj differtnt nays): tube h.'d by 
 lawsuits, litibus distineri, Nep. Att. 9, 
 med. : V. TO distrait. 6. iserceo, 
 I (to keep engaged; trouble): Cic. ||, 
 In milit sense, to molest : carpo, psi, 
 plum, } (to keep up a series of attacks 
 upon): esp. with another verb: [ag- 
 men hostium] male habere el c, Caes. 
 B.C. i,6j; c atque impedlre. ib. 78; 
 c. atque premere, Liv. 8, ^8, med. See 
 
 also TO DI.sTRACr. 
 
 harassing (adj.) : moiestus v. 
 
 TBUl l!l.K,-<illh:, ANNOYING. 
 
 harbinger: 1. praenunlius,/. -a: 
 the bird the h. of dau-n, lucis pr. ales, 
 Ov. F. 2, 767 stars the h.s if great mis- 
 fortunes, stellae magnarum calamiuitum 
 pr., Cic. .N'. D. 2, 5, 14. 2. antficursor: 
 
 v. FOKFRUNNFR. 
 
 harbour (subs.) : portus. us : thf h. 
 ofCaieta.p. Caietae, Cic. Man. 12, JJ : 
 to sail out of Ii., e poTla solvere (opp. to 
 in p. ex alto invebl), Cic. Mur. 2, 4 : to 
 reach a h., p. capere, Oes. B G. 4. }6; 
 p. lenere. Ov. H. 17 ('"': ^98: Cic 
 F i g. = place of refuge, retreat : to be- 
 take oneself to the h. of philosophy, se in 
 portuni pliilosopbiae conferre, Cic. Fam. 
 7, JO ; the senate nas the h. and refui-- of 
 kings, peoples, nalicms, regtim. jx'pulo- 
 rum el naiionum p. erat et refugiiun 
 36t
 
 HARBOUR 
 
 UAR£ 
 
 HARMONIZE 
 
 Senatus, Cic. Off. 2, 8, init. Abounding 
 in k.s, portuosus : Sail. : Cic. : having 
 no h.s, minime portuosus, Cic. Fam. 6, 
 2o (navigatio minime p.). 
 
 harbour («•) ■ |. Trans.: to 
 give re/dye or shrlter to : (hospitio) ex- 
 clplo, c pi, ceptuin, j : v. to entertain. 
 Comj . Liv 26, 25, med., euni ne quis 
 urbe, tecto, meiisa, lare reciperet : v. to 
 RECEIVE. II, In trans.: to fmd 
 
 sfteKer (of animals): 1. obsWeo, f-edi, 
 sessum, 2 (tu beset) : frogs U. in ponds, 
 ranae stagna obs , Plin. 11,18,19. 2. 
 stilbiilor, 1 to h. among the sUmes (of 
 fish), in petris st., Col. 8, 16, ad <-n. 
 
 harbourer: receptor a h. of thieves, 
 furum r., Ulp. Dig. i, 18, 1?. Cic. has 
 receptator in slm. sense, ipse ille latru- 
 num occultator et receptator locus, Cic. 
 Mil. 19, 51. 
 
 harbourleSS : Importuosus : Sail. ; 
 PUn. juii. 
 
 harbour-master: liragnarchcs (At- 
 
 (xefopxi?) : Piiul- I'lg- 1 1, 4, 4 (pure 
 Lat. magister portus, Cic. Att. 5, 15, 
 extr.). 
 
 hard (tt'^j) ■■ j. To the touch: 1, 
 durus : things soft and h , mollia, dura, 
 Ov. Met. 1, 20 : Hor. : Virg. : more 
 fully, d. tactu, Plin. 26, 8, }o. Very h., 
 praedurus, Tac. : Plin. 2. rt^dus (in 
 this sense chiefly poet.) : v. stiff, ri- 
 gid. II, Tu some other sense : diirus: 
 a h. (opp. to flexible) voice, d. vox, Quint. 
 11,5,15: Cic. See also harsh. |||. 
 Fig.: trying, distressing ; 1. diirus : 
 a h. condition, d conditio, Cic. Mur. 2J, 
 47 : h. times, d. tempora, Liv. 54, 5, 
 med. : to live a h. life, d. vitam vlvere, 
 Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 5 : 'Lis A., durum ! Hor. 
 Od. I, 24, extr. 2. asper, era, erum 
 (rough : hence, abounding in difficul- 
 ties) : h. (trying) circumstaru:es, res a.. 
 Sail. Cat. 10: Cic. : v. hazardous. 3. 
 gravis, e: v. grievous. 4. iniquus 
 (strictly, unfair ; hence, pressing se- 
 verely upon) : cf. Cic. Quint. 2, 8, quid 
 hoc inlquius aut imiignius dici potest : 
 V. UNFAlu. 5. indignus (unirorthy, 
 undeserved) : to look ujion anything as 
 very h., pro indignissimo hal'ere, Liv. i, 
 40, init. P h r. : h. cimdi turns, condi- 
 tiones tristes, Liv. 21, \l,-med.: gravia 
 atque acerba [imperata], ib. c. 15, extr. : 
 peace on h. terms indeed, but necessury, 
 pax magis necessaria quani aequa. ib. c. 
 I}, med. IV. Difficult: difficThs, ar- 
 duus : V. difficult. V. Uttfeding : 
 diirus: V. hard-heauted. VI- Of cold, 
 'Xcessive: acer, acris, acre : v. kehn. 
 
 hard (ad«-): Phr. : to strive h., 
 enili (v. to .strive)- to light haid, enixe 
 diraicare, Liv. 8, 17: <o a-ork /«., enixe 
 operam dare, Liv. 6, 40, init. iiicum- 
 bere iu or ad uliquam rem, Cic. (v. to 
 devote one.self): to drink h., perpo- 
 lare (v. to duink, booze) : it goes h. 
 with any mie, in [magiio] discriraine 
 alicui res vertitur, Liv. 29, 7, init.: h. 
 earned prize money, collecta \ iatica mul- 
 lis aeruninis, Hor. Kp. 2. 2, 26: h. beset 
 with perils, niultis undique cincta [Sici- 
 liaj periculis, Cic. (v. to surround) ; 
 a h.-foiight field, atrox proelium, cf. 
 Liv. 21, 29 ; durum proelium, id. 40, 16, 
 med- 
 
 harden: A. Trans. : I. Lit.: 
 to make hard : 1. diiro, i : to h. the 
 hoofs (of a mule), ungulas d., Col. 6, }7, 
 fin. : Plin. : csp. in p. part. : snon-s h.'d 
 on the ground, duratae solo nives, Hor. : 
 Liv. 2, indiiro, i : the yorth wind 
 h.s the snow, nivem ind. Boreas, Ov. Tr. 
 J, 10, 14: to become h.'d, indiirari, Plin. 
 J I, 2, 8. 3. expr. by circuml. (ali- 
 quid) durius facere, reddere : v. to 
 MAKE. ||. Fig.: to render hardy 
 
 or callous : 1. diiro, 1 : toh. the limbs, 
 the mind, membra, aninium d., Hor. S. 
 I, 4, 119: to h. an army by endurance 
 of danger, pationlia periculorum exer- 
 citum d.. Veil. 2, 78 : h.'d to every crime, 
 ad omne scelus duratus, Tac. 2. in- 
 iliiro, I : to h. the mind, aninium ind., 
 Sen. Ep. 51, 5. To become, h.'d, obdu- 
 rescere (to become callous, insensible) : I 
 have become quite h.'d to that. Jam ad 
 <£ta obduruimus, Cic. Att i}, 2: also 
 362 
 
 indurescere (to become confirmed). Quint. 
 I, J, 12. B. Inuans. : to become 
 hard : 1. dfiresco. dQrui, J : water 
 h.s (in freezing), d. humor, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 10, it) : Virg. : Tac. 2. indtlresco, 
 J : before the grains of corn quite It., 
 ante quam ex toto grana indurescant. 
 Col. 1, 21, init. 3. obduresco, j 
 
 (more fieq. in tig. sense) : Cato : Varr. 
 See also to congeal, cukule. 
 
 hardened (yart. adj.) chiefly in 
 phr., to be or become h. : v. to harden 
 (A, II.). 
 
 hard-fisted: avarus: v. gras«.ng. 
 
 hard-fought: v. hard (adv). 
 
 hard-hearted : diirus, terreus, in- 
 humiinus esp. in combination : cf. Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 46, init., quis tani luit durus et 
 ferreus, quis tarn inhumanus ? v. cruel, 
 
 UNFEELING. _ _ , 
 
 hard-heartedness : 1. crudeii- 
 tas: V. cituKLTY. 2. ingenium du- 
 rum atque inexorabiie : cf. Ter. Ph. 
 
 i, 2, n. 
 
 hardihood : durum os : v. effron- 
 tekt. 
 
 hardily : durlter (m hardship antl 
 toil) ; Ter. Phr.: brought up h., a 
 puero labore patientiaque assuefactus . 
 V. to accustom. 
 
 hardiness : •• e. of bodily constitu- 
 tion : robur, 6ris : v. robustness, en- 
 
 DURANCP;. 
 
 hardly : I. ^Ti'/i hardness, seve- 
 rity : dure, diiriier ; crQdelitir v. se- 
 verely, harshly. II. With diffi- 
 culty : vix, aegre ; v. difficulty (I., 
 fm). III. Scarcely: vix: v. scarcely. 
 
 hard-mouthed : P h r. : a ft. horse, 
 durior oiis oquus, Ov. Am. 2, 9, ;o. 
 
 hardness: |. As physical qua- 
 lity: duritia ocduiities, ei (the former 
 usu. in Cic.) h. (insensibility) of mind 
 or body, d. aiiimi, corporis, Cic. Dom. }6, 
 extr.: Lucr. See also harshness. ||. 
 Severity : 1, iniquitas : ft. of the 
 
 times, in. tempirum, Liv. 35, 16, fin. 
 
 2. acerbitas: v. bitterness. |||, 
 Hard condition : diiritia, labores, etc. : 
 V. hardship. 
 
 hardship : I. Something unfairly 
 imposed: iiijuria : v. injury. 'Jo look 
 upon anything as a ft., aegre, graviter 
 ferre, toll, by ace. and inf., Cic. Tiisc. 4, 
 27, 59 ; graviter et acerbe iVrr?. id. \'err. 
 I, I, 58, 152. II. Trial, pri alinn : 
 1. labor {trying toil) : to be. worn 
 out by no ft., nullo 1. fatigari, Liv. 2i, 4, 
 med.: the ft.s of a soldier's Iff, r.iililaris 
 1., Liv. 2;, 18, fin. : V. TOIL. 2. ma- 
 lum (evil in gen. : chiefly poet.) : (the 
 Ligurian) inured to ft., assuetus malo, 
 Virg. G. 2, 168 : esp. in pi., the cruel h.s 
 of exile, of uar, dura fug:ie m., dura 
 belli, Hor. Od. 2, i?, 28: («» army) 
 proof against all human h.s, adiersus 
 omnia humana m. duratus, Liv. 2}, 18. 
 
 3. aeiunina (afflicting, trying la- 
 bour) : prize-money accumulated viith 
 much ft., collecta viatica miiltis aer., 
 Hor. Ep. 2,2,26. Phr.: to grow inured 
 to ft., duritiae patieiitiaeque insuescere, 
 Tac. Ann. 6, J4: abounding in h.s, asper : 
 the siege became every day more trying, 
 attended with ft.,erat in dies gravioratque 
 asperior oppugnatio, Caes. B. G. 5, 45. 
 
 hardware : ferramenta (ijoj! tools) : 
 Varr. R. R. I, 2Z,med. A h. manufac- 
 turer, ferramentarius, Firmic. Phr.: 
 all kinds of h., *cujusvis generis instru- 
 menta quae de ferro fabricantur. 
 
 hard-won : v. hard (adv.). 
 
 hard-working : v. industrious. 
 
 hardy : 1. diirus : the brave and 
 ft. .Spartans, fortes et d. Spartiatae, Cic. 
 Tusc. 1,4?, i/nJ. : the Ijgures a ft., war- 
 like race, Ligures durum in armis genus, 
 Liv. 27, 48, med. 2. robustus : v. 
 ROBUST, strong. 3. expr. by clrcunil., 
 patiens inediae, laboris, Irigoris, etc. : 
 com. Sail. Cat. 5, init. 
 
 hare : lepus, oris, m. : the ft. is the 
 only animal that superfetates, 1. om- 
 nium solus superfftai. Plin. 8, 55. 81 [a 
 ft-male ft., I. feniina] : the timid ft., pa- 
 vidiis 1., Hor. : the long-eared ft., auritus 
 1., Virg.: Caes. Dimin., lepusculus (a 
 povr little ft.), Cic. N. D. I, ji, extr. : 
 
 hare's fur, lana leporlna, Ulp. Dig. j2, 
 70, 9: a h.-skin, pellis leporina. 
 hare-bell : *campanula rotundilolia 
 
 hare-brained: temeranus: v. rash 
 hare's-ear: (,« plant): bupleuron, 
 
 i, «. : Plin. 
 
 hare's-foot : (« I'lant) .- lagopus, 
 
 pfidis,./. ; Plin. 
 
 hare-lip: labrum fissum; cf. Cels 
 7, 12, 6. (*Lal'risculuni. Parr). 
 
 hare-lipped I cui labrum fissum est : 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 harem : gynaeceum (strictly, the 
 11 omen's pait (f a house): Lact. Mort. 
 Pers. 21, med. Phr.: to buy female 
 captives for ah., *captivas coemere quae 
 pellices [regis, etc.] fiant : v. concu- 
 bine. 
 
 hark ('"'«",?■)• heusl cf. Ter. Heaut. 
 2, ;, 107, Syre, Syre, iiiquam, heus, heus, 
 Syre ! 
 
 hearken; audio, 4: v. to heab, 
 listen, obey. 
 
 harlequin ; perh. sannlo, morio : v. 
 
 JESTEK. 
 
 harlot : 1. meretrix, Icis, /. : 
 
 Ter.; Cic: v. PROSTITUTE. 2. scor- 
 tum, neut. : Ter. : Cic. 
 
 harlotry : (a term of reproach) : 
 meretrldum : to practise ft., m. la- 
 cere. Suet. Cat. 40, extr. : see also de- 
 bauchery. 
 
 harm (subs.) : damnum : v. damage, 
 
 INJURY. 
 
 harm ("•)•• nSceo, 2 (with dat.); 
 laedo, si, sum, j (with ace.) : v to hurt, 
 
 INJURE. 
 
 harmful : nOcivue, noxius : v. 
 
 HURTFUL. 
 
 harmless : I. ^^o' hurtful (of 
 things) : 1. innoiuus : a sprcies of 
 uolj, ft. to Tnan, luporuni g' nus, homlni 
 innocuum, Plin. 8, J4, 52. 2. inno- 
 cens, ntis : draughts oj ft. Lesbian, in. 
 pocula Lesbii, Hor. Od. i, 17, 21: Plin. 
 3, innoxius: Plin. ||. Free from, 
 malice : 1. iniiocuus (of a nature to 
 do no urong) : Ov. Met. 9, 37!. 2. 
 innScens: v. innocent, blameless. 3. 
 expr. by circuml., fraude maliiiaque 
 liber, carens • v. malice. |||, Un- 
 harmed : inedliimis ; v. safe. 
 
 harmlessly: expr. by adj. .- we have 
 lived ft., viximus innocuae, Ov.: v. 
 HAR>iLEss (II.). Comp. sine fraude, Hor 
 Od. 2, 19, 20. 
 
 harmlessness : inn5centia : e. g 
 ferorum aninialiuni, Plin. 
 
 harmonic : *harni6nicus: scient. 1. 1 
 
 harmonics: harmonice, es,/. : Vitr. 
 
 harmonious: I. Of sounds: 1, 
 concors, dis : a ft. sound, c. sonus, Ov. 
 M. 5, 664. 2. consonus the ft. strings 
 of the lyre, c. hla lyrae, Ov. Am I, 8, 60. 
 3. canorus: v. melodious, tune- 
 ful. II. Fig.: I' ell suited to each 
 other, agreeing : 1, concors, rdis : a 
 icell-ordered and ft. condition of the 
 state, moderatus et c. civitaiis statug, 
 Cic. Leg. }, 12, 18. 2. expr. by con- 
 clno, ui, centum, i : all the parts of the 
 universe being ft., omnibus inter se 
 concinentibus uiundi partibus, Cic. N. D. 
 2, 7, 19 : V. to Harmonize. 3. con- 
 sentiens, conspirans : cf. Cic. N. D. I. c. 
 See also consistent, agreeing (adj.). 
 
 harmoniously : I. "f sounds .- 
 consonanter: Vitr. ||, Fig.: con- 
 corditer: to live imth any one very A., 
 cum aliquo concordissime vivere, Cic. 
 Rab. perd. 5, init. 
 
 harmonize : A. T r a n s. : <o 
 adjust harmoniously : 1. compono, 
 posui, itum. } : esp. to adjust differences, 
 quarrels : cf. Hor. Kp. i, 2, 10 [compo- 
 nere liies]. 2. expr. by conseniio, 
 
 cohaereo, concino : to h. the elements of 
 the universe, *efBcere ut mundi partes 
 apte inter se cohaereant atque consen- 
 tiaiit: V, TO agkee, fit together. B. 
 In trans.: |. Of musical sounds: 
 1. concino, ui, centum, } (usu. 
 nierelj' to sing or sound together) : more 
 fully, consentire atque concinere, Cic. 
 in Col. 12, J, med. 2. expr. by con- 
 centus, us : to ft. in various ^vays, va- 
 ries aequabiliter concentus eflScere, Cic
 
 H A R M O N If 
 
 HARSHNESS 
 
 HASTE, HASTEN 
 
 Rep. 6, 18 : cf. Sen. Ep. 84, 10 ■ v. har- 
 mony. (Ci)nsoiiarp dt-nuU-'s simply a 
 conjunction of sounds : cf. Sen. 1 c.) 
 II Of oilier things ; to Jit harmo- 
 niousl'i/ togetUt^: 1. conctno. i: see 
 you how well these things h., videsne ut 
 haec c? Cic. Kin. 5. 28, 8? (where the 
 term is tliiis explained, respondent ex- 
 trema primis, media utrixtue, omnui 
 omnibus) cf. Cic. .N.I). 2, I. 19- 2. 
 
 c6haer<o, 2: v to fit toucthkk. i. 
 consentio, 4: v. to agbkk. 
 
 harmony : I. Oi sound? : 1 con- 
 centus, us- h. of sounds, sonorum c, 
 Cic. Off. I, Jp, extr.: Sen.: v. TO hak- 
 MONiZK(B., l.,2). 2. concordiu: A. 
 
 of sounds, t. vuiuni. Cic. In Cul. 12, 2, 
 nied. 3. harmoiiia: cf. Vilr. 5, 4 
 
 but strictly harmonla is rather a tune, 
 melody, and docs not imply consonance : 
 cf. Cic. N. I). ?, II, 27, wliere canere ad 
 barmoniain is to sing in tune. 4. 
 harmiinlca, lianndiiice (tlie science of 
 music): Vilr. 5. 4- CSymphonIa is 
 mmic in general ; a conceit.) ||. F i g. : 
 agreement: 1. convgnientia : k.oj 
 parts iivitk each other), c. partlum, Cic. 
 Off. I, 4, 14. Joi n convenientia con- 
 eensusque [natunie], Cic. N. I). }, u, 
 28; c. et coiijunctio, id. Dlv. 2, 60, init. 
 2. oonseiisus. consensio : v. aguke- 
 MENT (comp. sitpr. 1). 3. concentus, 
 us (rare in this sense) : Join: consen- 
 sus [doctrinaium] toncentiisque, Cic de 
 Or. }, 6, 21. 4. Concordia (esp. of 
 feeling) : the h. of classes, c ordinum, 
 Cic Alt. I, 18, 4: V. CONCORD. 5. 
 cohaerentia (We right adjustment of 
 parts) : cf. Cic N. 1). 2, 62, i ; ;. P h r. : 
 in h., concordiier (v. habmoniousia ) : to 
 be in h.. consentire, concordare, coiigru- 
 ere, concinere : v. to harmonize, agree. 
 harness (.subs.) : of horses, etc. I 
 1. iiisirumenia equorum : Isid. Or. 
 20, 16, lem. 2. ornamcnta, orum : h. 
 for oxrn, asses, or. bubus, a-sinis, Cato, 
 K R. 10, 1 1. 3. oniatus, lis (esp. of 
 a spkn<iid Icind) : in princely h., rcgio 
 mstratus o., I'lin. 8, 42, 64 (where Ian. 
 reads, regio instratu ornatus) : v. equip- 
 ment. 4, equestria arma: tiro sets 
 of h., bina "eq. arma, Liv. JJ, 2J, extr. 
 P h r. : a horse ft for the saddle or to go 
 in h., ad vecturain [ad rhedanO idoiieus 
 equus, Varr R. R. 2, 7. adfn. (Foicell.) : 
 to die in h. (fig.), i" actu raori, Sen. Ep. 
 8, init. See also armour. 
 
 harness {"■) ■• 1. i^^so. adjungo, 
 3 : V. TO YOKE. 2. instemo, } : v. to 
 saddle. . 
 
 harp (.subs.): lyra (see Diet. Antiq. 
 s.v.) : V. LYRE. To play (m the h., psallo, 
 i, J: Cic. 
 
 harp («•)■■ !• Lit. : psallo, cano 
 (fidibus): v. to ilay (on an instru- 
 ment). II. Fig.: to keep reiterating 
 the. same thing r I' h r. : yoa are aluays 
 h.ing on the same string, cantilcnani 
 eandem canis, Ter. Ph. }, 2, 10 he 
 was ever h.ing on the thtnie oj these 
 women's characters, haruni mores canta- 
 bat mihi, Ter. Heaut. 2, }, 19 : n'hat the 
 m-natured poet kieps h.ing upon, quod 
 malevolus poeta dictitat, ib. prol. 22. 
 
 harper HWicen, inis, TO.; /. fidi- 
 
 harpist 5 cina : psaltes, ae, m. ; f 
 psaltria : v. lyrist. 
 
 harpoon (subs.) : *jaculum hamatum 
 (Kr. and Georg.). 
 
 harpoon («'•)•■ jaculum Infigo; ja- 
 culo transfigo . v. to transfix. 
 
 harpsichord •■ (?) clavichordium 
 (Georn.) 
 
 harpy : I. 1"^^ fabulous creature : 
 harpyia (trisyil.) : Virg. Aen. i, J65. 
 1). ^ 1-apticious person : homo rapa.\ : 
 V. extortioner. 
 
 harridan ; ii""s putida (odiosa) : cf. 
 
 Hor. I- pod. 8, init.; scortum esoletum, 
 PI. Poen. prol. 17. 
 harrier: nuiis, caiulus: v. hound. 
 
 harrow (.subs.) : 1. irpex, ids, m. 
 (.also, liirpcx, urpex ; a toothai instru- 
 ment diaiin over tlie soil by oxi-n . 
 rare)- Varr. L. L. 5, }l } 136: Cato. 
 2. rastruni, pi. usu. ni-stri (any 
 rake):'h.s of pond'-rous uright, iniquo 
 pondere rastri, Virg. G. i, 164. v. rake. 
 
 3. crates, is,./', (a hwdlt-li.) .- more 
 fully, viniinea c, Virg. tJ. I, 95 ■• Cato 
 
 harrow (i'-)-- 1. "^<^- ' •" '<* '' "'* 
 soil, i e. to pulverise the clods, (agrum) 
 oc, id est, comminuere, ne sit gleba, 
 Varr I, Ji, init. : to h. vorn-fields, se- 
 getes oc, Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 161 I'lln. 2- 
 expr. by irpex. ra.stri, crates, with a 
 verb: glcbus Iraiigeie (comminuere) Ir- 
 pices s. rastros per agios iraheiido cf. 
 Virg G. 1,95 
 harrower- occator Col. 
 harrowing (subs.) .- occaiio Col. 
 harrowing (f'Jj.) ■ P''"''- "i"""". hor- 
 rendus, I'Tril'ilis: v.terkiiii.e.hokrihi.k. 
 harsh; I, To the ear- 1. lauciis 
 (hoarse) ■ the h. sound of brass, avri^i r. 
 canor, Virg. G. 4, 71 h ci/mbals, r. 
 cymbala, I'rop. Hor. v iioAltsE. 2, 
 asper, era, erum (rough): a voice sojt 
 or A., vox leiiis, aspera, (.^uint 11, J, 15 
 the h. letter (K), a. litera, Ov F. 5, 48'- 
 3, (racms (broken, CI ashing : chiefly 
 poet.)': the h. sound of trumpets, f. son- 
 itus tub.iruin, Virg. G. 4, 72 . o h. mur- 
 mur, t. inurnuir, lac. G. 3. 4. durus 
 (as rhel. lerm, unpleasing to the ear) : 
 h. in its sounds (of llie Eaiin lang.), 
 dura sonis, yuiiit. 12, 10, 27 • h. syllablfs, 
 d. syllabae, lb. J 30. 6. horridus (also 
 rliet. : rugged, uncouth) : t^uiiit. 1. c 
 } 28. Ph r . ah. crashing )(oif<;, aridus 
 fragor, Virg. G. I, 3;_7- !!■ Of flavours • 
 aa-id, severe : austerus : wine oJ a h. 
 Jlavour, vinum a., Cels. 2, 24: ah. fa- 
 vour, Siipor a., PUn. 2;, 5. 2° i gustu* !>•• 
 Col. 12, 12. Ste also sour, pungent. 
 III. Of temper, character. 1. 
 diirus (unfeeling): to behave in a h. 
 and inhuman mannvr, se d. agrestem- 
 qiie i>raebere, Cic Or. 43, 148 ■ ''• com- 
 mands, d. imperii. Virg. G. 2, i6y: v. 
 .sTi-RN. 2, sevenis: v. severe. 3. 
 immilis, e (merciless, inexorable^ : the 
 h. lijiant (Pluto), im. lyrannus, Virg. G. 
 4, 492: Liv. Join: a.sper et ininiiiis, 
 Epigr. in Suet. lib. 59. 4. aspen 
 a h. and stern doctrine (of the Stoics), 
 doctrina a. et dura, Cic. Mur. 29, 60. 
 5. iiiclfnieiis, mis (opp. to mild): 
 a h. woid, in. veibum, Liv. 9, 34. /"■. 
 See also fierce, cruel. |V. 'i/ 
 
 language, style: 1. durus (hard; 
 lacking grace and elegance): both ex- 
 /iressions are exceedingly h., utrumque 
 omi.ino d., Cic N. D. i, 3+ 95 h. in the 
 composition of verse, d. componere ver- 
 sus, Hor. S I, 4. 8. Someiihat h., du- 
 riusculus, Plin. Ep. I, l5, 5. Join 
 [oratione] durus, iiicullus, horridus, Cic. 
 Brut. 31, init. 2. horridus (uncouth, 
 rugged) : the h. .saturnian metre, h. ille 
 numerus Satumiiis, Hor. Ep. 2, I, i 57 : 
 words tlial are a Utile h., verba hor- 
 ridiora, Cic Br. 17,68. Quint. Join: 
 a.spera, tristis, horrida [oratio], Cic. Or. 
 5, 20. />u»iir<.,horridulus (someuhat h.), 
 Cic. 3. asper (stronger than prcced., 
 positivelii harsh and grating) : usu. with 
 some other word : abrupt, h. composi- 
 tion, composilio praefracta et a., Sen. 
 Kp. 114, 15. so, composilio dura atque 
 a., Quint. 9, 4. 142- , 
 
 harshly : I. 0' rounds : 1. 
 raucum, rauca (poet. : comp. Ij. u. 
 5 544): his ai-moar rang h., arma rau- 
 cum geniucre, Sil. 2,257: Virg. 2. 
 e.\pr. by raucus, asper, durus, with a 
 subs. : to sound h., *sonituiii niucuni . . . 
 edere : v. har.sh. ||, Severely, un- 
 merciful ty : 1. a.spL-re: (Cato) ad- 
 dressed the Roman pvople h. and vehe- 
 mentli/. aspere apud I'. R. et vehemeiiler 
 locutus est, Cic de Or. 1, 5 3, 227. 2. 
 
 indeiiienter : to assail any one some- 
 uhat h. (in iiords), iiicUuienlius in ali- 
 quem invehi, Liv. j, 48, med. : VI.: 
 Ter. (For syn.. V. HARSH.) 
 
 harshness: ,^ I- Of sounds: 1 
 
 asp(?ritas (soiii) : Tac G. 3. 2. expr. 
 by adj. : there is a h. about the sound, 
 •nonnihil rauci, duri atque horridi, 
 sonus babel: v. harsh. ||. Of fla- 
 
 vours : austPrilas, acerblias: v. souR- 
 NF.SS. III. or behaviour: 1. aspCri- 
 tas to stand in dread of the h. of an 
 uncle, avunculi a. vereri, N<-p. Alt. 5, 
 init. : witliout h., yet net without strict- 
 
 ness, sine a., nee sine st'Verilate, Veil. % 
 89. 2. inclemenlia (unmercij ulnett\ 
 rare) . V'irg. 3. Scerbitas v. bit- 
 terness, »ourne.<s. 4, saevUia: v. 
 
 cruelty. See also SEVERITY. IV. Of 
 style: duritas Join, duiilas ei se- 
 veritas, Cic Or. 16, fm. (Or expr. by 
 adj.: V. iiAiu-H. IV.) 
 
 hart, cervus: cerva v. dkee. 
 hart's-tongue: perh.lingiilaca, Plin. 
 (•ScolopeiidiUiiii \ulgure. Withering.) 
 
 harvest . niessis, is. /. (strictly the 
 act of reaping ; melon., the crops reaped) : 
 you must begin h. before.. . ., ante nies- 
 sis facieiiila est, quam.. ., Col. 2, 21. 
 ail init. : Varr. : there hod IjtfU a failure 
 in the h., ni. nulla fuerat, Cic. Alt. 5. 21. 
 6: enornunis h.s, immen.sae ni., Virg. 
 Fig.: the h. of the Sullan period, !^u\- 
 laiii temporis m., Cic. Par. 6, 2, 46. 
 P h r. the h. Ijeing over, demessis fru- 
 mentis, cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 32. h.-lime, 
 tcmpus demi'tendis iruclibus ^acconi- 
 modatum]. Cic Sen. 19, 71. See also 
 CRor, rnourcE. 
 
 harvester: messor v. reai-er. 
 harvest-home : perh. messium ftsu 
 
 V. Fi-STIVAL. 
 
 hash (*"''*•) • mmutal, alls, n.: Juv. 
 14, 129. Fig.: of tfutt which is wrought 
 up over again, crambe repelita, Juv. 7, 
 154: also applied to a medley of sub- 
 jects, fan ago Juv i, 86. 
 
 hash (v.) : comminuo, i. tilum, } ; v. 
 TO 511NCE. 
 
 hasp: pi'rli. fibula (used of/a8(efi- 
 inij.'< ol did', kinds): v. Lat. Diet. s. v 
 
 hassock" perli.pMlvinus. v. cushion. 
 
 haste (subs.): 1. cfientas: V. 
 
 SFEi D. 2. festinatio (actual hurry) : 
 a letter vritten in great A., plena festi- 
 nationis epistcla, Cic. All. 5, 14, extr.: 
 Join celerita-s festmatioque, Cic v. 
 HURRY. 3. propfiraiio (needful speed 
 or dL<:patch): Cic Fam. 16, 27. 4. 
 properantia (=preced.): Sail. Jug. l6, 
 fin. P h r. ; there was no r:ason Jor h. 
 "nihil erat, cur pi op,-rato opus esset [pro- 
 perato nil opus erat], tic Mil. 19, inif.: 
 why in such '1., quid festinasf Ter. Eun. 
 4, 3, 8 (V. TO HASTR, B.) : see also Df.a- 
 
 I'ATCH (111). 
 
 , in ; 1. propfriis (adj.) : Tela- 
 
 mmi comes' up in h., venil lelanioii p., 
 Ov. Mel. 7, 647 . Tac 2. prOperg 
 
 V. HASTILY. 
 
 haste, hasten (» ) ; A, T r a n s : 
 
 1. accC'lcio, I (to accehrale): to A. 
 a march, iur a., Cae.s. B.C. 2. 34 : TdC. 
 A. 12, 46 [oppugnalionem ac. al. cele- 
 rare]. 2. prSpero, 1 (to push for- 
 
 ward a work with due expedition : nwn 
 freq. intrans., v. infr. 11.): to h. on a 
 journey when begun, coeptum iter p., 
 Tac H. 3, 40 . I'rop. 3. matCiro, i 
 
 (like propero ; only seldom intrans.) : 
 to h. a march, iter m., Cais. B. C. i,6}: 
 to h. am/ oiu's end, m. mortem alicul, 
 Cic Clu." 61, 171. 4. fesiiiio, I (Im- 
 plying greater uigincy thim [>reced.): 
 to h. flight, f. fugam, Vilr. (.in Cic usn. 
 absol.) V. TO HURRY. 5. pnieclpUo, 
 I (to bring on prematunly^ : v. to 
 
 HURRY OX. 6. i"cl'". > V'" "' 't 
 
 rapid motion') : opp. to relard»[motum]. 
 Cic N. 1>. 2, 40, 103. B, Intrans.; 
 ill which sense to make haste is often 
 preferreii: 1, propero, I (for s.vn. 
 
 V. supr.) : vhat reason had he Jor h.ing 
 to i:ome, quae causji cur Romani pro- 
 pcrarel? Cii-. Mil. 19, i"''--- lo"- ^T 
 infin., ni Marius signa iiiferre pro- 
 peiasset (had made all hast'). Sail. Jug. 
 ■;6 fin.: hasten (ma'^e hast'), propera! 
 PI. 2 festiiio, I : though you do h. 
 (are vi haste),the delay uere not Umg, 
 quaiiquam fesiinas, non est mora lon^ 
 Hor Od. I, 28. fin. : v. To hubry. 3. 
 niaturo, i (with infin.): he h.s to quit 
 the wpital, maiur.ii ab urbe proficisci, 
 Caes B G. i, 7: 1 tntieat you to maJtn 
 haste to come, oro ut venire malun-s, 
 Cic Att. 4, I. /"• 4- <»"«"»'<'' f.' 
 turn, 3 (to dinct ones course expedv- 
 tiousli/: usu. with Infin. or al'sol."): he 
 hjito'sct out for Hritain, in Briianniam 
 proficisci contendlt, Cies. B. G. 4, 20: 
 ne h.: into Italy at long stages, m lu- 
 
 }6l
 
 HASTE AWAY 
 
 HAUGHTINESS 
 
 HAVE 
 
 liam contendit magnis itineribus, ib. I, 
 lo (very freq. in Oaes.). 5. accfiiero, i 
 (somewhat rare in this sense) • Cic. Cat. 
 2, 4, init. : Liv. j, 27, extr. (" accelera 
 signifer ! sequere miles !") : Virg. See 
 also foil. artt. 6. curro, cucurri, 
 cursum, j (familiar) Curio h.'d to 
 Puteoli, cucurrit Puteolos Curio, Cic. 
 Att. 10,4, i- Plin. Kp, 
 
 haste away : av61o, i {m. fly away): 
 they h. away to Borne, Romam Qcitatis 
 equls] avolant, Liv. 1, 57 : Cic. Ph r. : 
 h. away ! fugite ! Virg. Aen. }, 640 . we 
 h. away from tlie place, nos procul inde 
 fugam celerare, ib. 666 : h. away from 
 (pie city), egredere propere ! Nep. Epam. 
 4, med. 
 
 back: rgcurro, curri, j : they h. 
 
 back to the carriage, recurrunt ad rhedani, 
 Cic. Mil. 10, 29 . Liv. 
 
 down : devolo, I (lit. fly down) : 
 
 Liv. 2, 29, med. 
 
 forwards, before; 1. 
 
 praecurro, ciicurri (curri), cursum, J : 
 strengthened by propere, I'er. Hec. }, j, 
 10 : the cavalry h. forward, pr. equites, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, }<). 2. e.xcurro, } : to 
 h. forward to meet any one, ex. ad ali- 
 quem, Cic. Fam. j, 7, rned. 
 
 on ; repraeseuto, i : he would h. 
 
 on what he liad meant to postpone, se 
 quod in longiorem diem collaturus esset, 
 repraesentaiurum, Caes. B. (i. I, ^o,fln. : 
 see also simple verb. 
 
 tbrough : percurro, j • Caes. 
 
 towards : 1. accurro, } : V. 
 
 to BON TOWARDS. 2. occurro, } (in 
 order to meet some one or attend some- 
 where) : he h.'d to meet Caesar, Caesari 
 venienti occurril, Caes. B. C. 5, 79, extr. 
 (See also to hasten.) 
 
 hastily : I. '" '^<^te -. 1. pro- 
 
 p6re-. PI.; Liv.: Nep. (not Cic.) 2. 
 prSpgranter (also not in Cic.) : Sail. : 
 Tac. 3. e.xpr. by pioperatu i^v, L. G 
 § J4}) : I have written this h., pro- 
 perantes haec scnpsimus, Cic. Att. 4, 
 
 4. a. 4. festinanier, raptim; v. hur- 
 KIEDLY. 11. Of tempei-, in a fit of 
 passion: expr. by stomachans, stunia- 
 chosus, subiratus ; v. anguv, angrily. 
 
 hastiness: I. ^as<e: q. v. ||. 
 
 Quick temper: 1. iracundia (some- 
 what stronger than Eng.) : v. pa.-sion- 
 ATENESS. 2. melon, cergbrum (the 
 supposed seat of choler) : Hor. S. i , 9, 1 1. 
 hasty: I. Hurried: 1. pro- 
 perus, praepr5p6rus (the former not in 
 Cic.) : an ooer-h. canvass, praepropera 
 prensatio, Cic. Alt. i, i, iint.: see also 
 HASTE (in). 2. festiiiaUis : a h. wed- 
 ding, i. nupliae. Suet. Aug. 69 : Ov. 
 
 3, fesllnus (rare and poet. = festi- 
 nans) : Ov Met. 11, J47. See also 
 QUICK, SPEEDY. 4. pratceps, cipitis : 
 V, PBEcii'iTATE. ||. Quick in temper : 
 
 1, cfirgbrosus (hot-headed) : Hor. 
 
 5. I, 5, 21 (comp. lelicem cerebri, ib. 9, 
 II) 2. imcuniius (prone tu passion) : 
 is one a little h., iracundior est paullo ? 
 
 Hor. S. I, J, 29: V, FASSIONATB. 3. 
 
 stomachosus (more usu. =peevish : ct. 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 69) : the h. rider (the puet 
 himsell), s. eques, Hor. Ep. i, 15, 12 
 
 4, ir^e properus: Tac. Ann. 11,26. 
 
 5, irasci celer (poet.=ad irascendunj 
 celer)*: Hor. Ep. I, 20, 25. See also 
 IRBITABLE, PASSIONATE. P h r. : a little 
 h, pauUo commotior, Tac. Ann. i, jj. 
 
 hat : nearest word pcrh. pelasus 
 (firoad-brimmed, as woi-n by Mercury) : 
 PI. : Arnob. Wearing such a h., peta- 
 satus ; they (the letter-carriers) come 
 with their h.s on (ready), petasati ve. 
 nlunt, Cic. Fam. 15, 17 fie would never 
 walk in tlie open air tvith his h. off, non 
 nisi petasatus sub divo spatiabalur, Suel. 
 Aug. 82. See also cap. P h r. : to take 
 one's h. off, caput aperire, cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 
 il, med. : to keep it off', capite aperto 
 esse, Varr. (fr.) ; c. nudato esse, cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 1 2, J 1 1 ; to keep it on, capite operto 
 esse, Cic. Sen. 10, fin. 
 
 hatch (»'• ) •• I. L i t. : of eggs : 1. 
 excliido, si, sum, i : Col. 8, s : more 
 fully, ex ovis pullos ex., Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 
 init. : also absol. (saepe). 2. edo, 
 
 didl, ditum, j : to rear chickens when 
 
 already h.'d, editus pullos educare. Col. 
 1. 0. 3, excilbo, ui, itum, i (to sit 
 upon eggs till they ai e h.'d) : v. to sit 
 (of birds). ||. Fig., to form, concoct : 
 1. c6quo, xi, ctum, j (to ripen, ma- 
 ture : less coUoq. than Eng.) : to h. 
 plans in the dark, consilia secreto c, 
 Liv. J, j6. In same sense, concoquere 
 fclandestina consilia], Liv. 40, 11. 2. 
 machlnor, i : v. to contbi v e. P h r. : 
 whatever abomination is anywhere h.'d, 
 quidquid usquam concipitur nelas, Hor. 
 Od. 2, I J, 9. See also to concoct. 
 
 hatch (subs.) : only in pi., the liatches : 
 perh. cancelli, clauslra ; v. Lat. Diet. s. vv. 
 hatchet: ascia (for heiving, chip- 
 ping wood, etc.) : Plin. 7, 56, 57 J 198 : 
 Xll. Tab. in Cic. ; Vitr. : v. axe. 
 
 hatching (sM^-s.).- 1. perb. pul- 
 latio : Col. 8, 5, med. (but the word ap- 
 pears to include the entire breeding of 
 fowls). 2. better expr. by excliido : 
 the best eggs for h., ova aptissima ad 
 excludendum, Col. 1. c. 
 
 hate ("•)•■ 1. odi, part, osus ; in- 
 tens. perosus (perf. with p^es. sense), 
 def. : to h. any one bitterly and deeply, 
 ahquem acerbe et penitus odisse, C^ic. : 
 to h. desperately, male o. (colloq.), Caes. 
 in Cic. Att. 14, i : about to h., osuins, 
 Cic. Am. 16, 59 ■ the plebs utterly h.d 
 the name of consuls, plebs coiisulum 
 nomen perosa erat, Liv. 3, J4,/m. 2. 
 expr. by odium and a verb - v. hatred. 
 hate (subs.) : V hatbed. 
 hated (part, adj.): invisus (usu. 
 with dat.) : v, hateful. Compar. in- 
 visior (ivorse hated), Suet. Tib. i j. 
 
 hateful : 1. odlosus (scarcply so 
 strong as the Eng.) : a h. class of people, 
 o. genus hominum, Cic. Am. 20, 71 : 
 PI. ; Ter. ; v. offensive. 2. invisus 
 (esp. poet. : exposed to settled hatred) : 
 the realms h. to tlie godi, ngiia diis i., 
 Virg. Aen. 8, 245 : cf. ib. i, 587. 3. 
 expr. by dat. o\ Odium (v. L. G. $ 297) ■ 
 how h. cruelty is to all men, quanto 
 sit odio omnibus crude litas, Cic. : v. 
 hatred. 4. Jnamabllis, e (unlovely) ; 
 Virg. : Ov. 
 
 hatefully: Cdiose: Cic 
 hatefulness : perh. atrodtas : v. 
 HEiNousN ess. Or expr. by odiosus, 6dio ; 
 
 V. HATEFUL. 
 
 hater: osor; Pi.: Apul. 
 
 hatred: 1. odium, h. is anger 
 deeply rooted, o. est ira inveterata, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 9, 21 r to stir up h. against any 
 one, o. Qacerbum, magnum] in aliquem 
 excilare, coiicitares struere, Cic. : to be 
 an object of h. to any one, alicui Qmagno] 
 odio esse, Cic. ; also, in odio esse, Cic. 
 Att. 2, 21, init. : to incur any one's ft., 
 alicujus o. suscipere, subire ; in aliciyus 
 o. [offensionemque] irruere, Cic. (v. to 
 incur). 2. inimicitia : v. animosity. 
 See also odium, unpopularity. 
 
 haughtily : 1. superbe (proudly 
 and tyrannically) : he answered h., and 
 governed tyrannically, s. respondebat, 
 crudeliter imperabat, Nep. Paus. } : 
 hiv.: Gc. (compar.). 2. arrOganter: 
 V. ARROGANTLY. 3. lerociter (in a 
 fierce, defiant manner) : v. fiercely. 
 4, magnit ice : Cic. : Liv, : v. pom- 
 pously. P h r. : to act h., superbum, 
 arrogantem se praebere (v. haughty) ; 
 superbire, Cic. : v. proudly', insolently. 
 
 haughtiness: 1. superbia: v. 
 
 pride. Join: superbia, fastidium, 
 arrogantia, Cic. Off. i, 26, init. ; inso- 
 lentia, superbia, contumacia, id. Verr. 
 4, 41, 89. 2. animi, orum (high 
 
 spirit) : as riches engendered h., quum 
 divitiae jam animos facerent, Liv. i, J4. 
 Join : animi ac spiritus, Cic. Manil. 22, 
 extr. 3. spiritus, us (esp. in pi. : 
 
 overweening spirit, presumption) : he 
 had contracted such ft. and arrogance, 
 tantos sibi sp., tantam arrogantiam 
 sumpsisset, Caes. B. G. I, ij : more 
 fully, feroces sp., Liv. i, 35, med. : v. 
 supr. (2). 4. arrogantia : v. arro- 
 gance. 5 insolentia; v. insolence. 
 6. fastidium: v. disdain. 7. 
 fastus, fls (scornful air and mien) : ft. is 
 innate in the fair, f. inest pulchris, Ov. 
 8. ferociias, lerocia (fierce, defiant 
 
 bearing) : presumption and unbearable 
 ft., arrogantia atque intoleranda ferocia, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, J i,fin. : cf. Cic. Vat. 1,2. 9 , 
 contiiniacia ; v. presumptuousness. 
 
 haughty : 1. siiperbus (proud and 
 tyrannical) : he was ft. in prosperity, 
 superbum se praebui t in fortuna, Cic. A It. 
 8, 4, init. : men at once most guilty and 
 most ft., nocentissimi, iidemque superbis- 
 simi. Sail. Jug. ji, med. 2. arr6gans : 
 v. arrogant. 3. contumax (inflated, 
 presumptuous) : Join: quis contuma- 
 clor, quis superbior? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
 Ji'.i. : V. PBESUMPTL'OCS. 4. Insoleus 
 \.;i-erueening) : v. insolent. P h r. : to 
 be, show oneself, ft., superbire, Cic. ; al- 
 tiores spiritus «erere, lac. H. 3, 66 ; se 
 efferre insolenter, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17. 39 ; [in- 
 toleranda] superbia se efferre, Sail. Jug. 
 14, med. : h. ivords, magna verba. Sen. 
 
 haul ("■) •■ 1. traho, xi, ctum, } : 
 the machines h. (aslujre) the dry-keeled 
 ships, tr.que siccas machinae carinas, 
 Hor. : v. to drag. 2. deduco, xi, 
 ctum, 3 (to h. down to sea : of ships) : 
 V. TO launch. 3, subduco, i (esp. to 
 ft. up ships cm to the beach) : more fully 
 (naves) in aridum sub., Caes. B. G. 4, 
 29: also absol., id. B. C. 3, 23: Liv. 
 4, rapio, pui, plum, 3 (with vio- 
 lence) ; to ft. ctny otie to justice, aliqncm 
 in jus r., PI. : Hor. ; to prison, in oar- 
 cereni r.. Suet.; to punishment, ad »up- 
 plicium r., Cic. 
 
 haul (subs.) : jactus, us (— quod uno 
 jactu retis capitur) : to buy of a fisher 
 his entire ft., j. retis a piscatore < mere, 
 Ulp. Dig. 19, I, II 5 18. 
 
 haulm : culmus, calamus : v. stalk. 
 
 haunch : clrmis, is, /. .- fine ft.« (of a 
 horse), pulchrae c, Hor.: of a boar, 
 Juv. : to sink upon the h.s, resldere in 
 climes, Plin. 8, 37. 55. 
 
 haunt (tiO; I. To resort frequently 
 to : celebro, concelSbro, frgquento : v. to 
 FREQUENT. ||. Of Spirits, ghosts, etc. : 
 1. agito, I (to harass, disquiet) : of 
 Orestes, scelerum furiis agitatus Orestes, 
 Virg. Aen. 3, 3ji . PI. 2. insector, i 
 (to follow up angrily, spitefully) : J o i n : 
 agitare atque insectari, Cic. Leg. I, 14, 
 40. 3. inquieto, I (to disturb) : tits 
 gardeners were h.'d by ghosts, liortorum 
 custod^s umbris inquietalos. Suet. CaL 
 59 . those whom guilty conscience ftj,-, 
 diri quos conscia facti mens habet atto- 
 nitos, Juv. 1 3, 19; : he is h.'d in his sleep 
 by you, te videt in somnis, ib. 221. See 
 
 also HAUNTED. 
 
 haunt (subs.) : expr. by notus, sSlTtus, 
 or some such adj. : as, here amid your 
 familiar ft„s by the waters, hie inter flu- 
 mina nota, Virg. E. 2, 51 : simly, notae 
 paludes, id. G. i, 363. Sometimes loca 
 may suffice: cf. Lucr. I, 926. Phr.: 
 this delightful ft., hae latebrae dulces, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 16, 15 : (v. retreat) the h.s 
 of wild beasts, lustra ferarum, Virg. (v. 
 den) : but of men, lustra i£ always used 
 in bad sense : v. brothel. 
 
 haunted : P h r. : a ft. house, domus 
 in qua monstra hunt, doraus scelesta, cf. 
 PI. Most. 2. 2, 72; larvarum plena, cf. 
 'd. Amph. 2, 2, 155 ; *omnibus terricula- 
 mentis referta: v. gho.st. 
 
 have: I. To possess: 1. expr. 
 by sum, fui, esse (person possessing in 
 dat. ; object possessed in nom.) : he had 
 a large property in stnck, erat el res 
 pecuaria ampla, Cic. Quint. 3, 12 : I have 
 a father at home, mihi domi pater est, 
 V'^irg. The dat. is freq. omitted : cf. 
 Sail. Cat. 5, satis [ei erat] eloquentiae, 
 sapientiae parum. Also when a quality 
 is described by a subs, and adj., sum 
 may be used personally, with gen. or 
 abl. (L. G. ^ 274) : he had great 
 strength of mind, tuit QCatilina] magna 
 vi animi. Sail. Cat. $,init.: lie is said 
 to have had a fair complexion, uelU 
 formed limbs, fuisse traditur colore 
 candido, teretibus membris. Suet. Caes. 
 45. 2. babeo, 2 (to possess ; have in 
 one's control) : the accursed greed of 
 having (possessing wealth), amor scele- 
 ratus habendi, Virg. : lie had a farm in 
 the territory of Labicum. habuit fundum 
 (more emphatic than fundus ei erat) in
 
 HAVEN 
 
 HE 
 
 HEAD 
 
 Labicano, Cic Par. 6, j, Jo: he. had 
 plenty of doqufnce, habebat satis elo- 
 quentiae, Ni'p. Cim. 2, init : to h. power 
 tflife and death, vilae necis<iue potesta- 
 tem h., Cic. Often wiib a double ace. 
 (L. G 5 245) he. had Sophodes as his 
 colleague in oflice, Sopliocleiii collegam 
 In practura habuit, Cic. : or with some 
 defining phr., to h a sister in marriage, 
 Bororem in niatrimonio habere, Nep. 
 Cim. init. See also to posskss, involve, 
 
 ENTKKTAIN (111.). 3. litor, U8US, } 
 
 (implying habitual acquaintance with) : 
 he had a very hard beginning of iium- 
 hood, dure admodum initio usus ebt, 
 Nep Cim. ivit. to h. a just master, 
 justo u. dommo, Cic Rep. 2, 25, exb: 
 4. gfiro, ssi, stum, } (chiefly poet. ■ 
 of what is cai-ned about one) Argus 
 liad a hundred eyes in his foreliead, 
 centum fronte oculos gerebat Argus, 
 Ov Virg. V TO WKAB. Suiily, fre- 
 quent, gesto ne h. not hearts so uii- 
 feeling, non obtusa adeo gestiiraus pec- 
 tora, Virg. Acn. i, 567. 6. tCneo, 2 : 
 V TO HOLD, i^ssEss. |(. To be under 
 obligation to do scnietlilng : expr. by 
 ger. part. : we h. to struggle against 
 old-age, reslstendum est sciK-ctuti, Cic 
 (v L. G ^ 5!6). III. To attend to 
 
 anything being done : cQrc, i esp. 
 with ger part. : he had a {tstatue of an) 
 heifer made, buciilam curavit lucii'iidam, 
 Cic. Div 1 . 24, 48 to Aaiie any one pat 
 to death, allquem iriterficienduni c, Nep. 
 IV To hold in opinion : (rare) : 
 opinor, hibeo, duco, etc.- v. T<» hold, 
 THINK. Miscell. phr.. thei-e I h. 
 you (in argument), hie te teneo, Cie. 
 Quint, 20, 6j ; teneo te, id. Acad. 2, 
 extr. : he who has tlie power , qwem penes 
 est potestas, Cie. : Caes. . to h. rather, 
 malle (v. to pkefkr): h. at htm with 
 your Jists forth iHtli, ne mora sit quin 
 pugnus continuo in mala haereat Ter. 
 Ad. 2, 1. IT ; to h. on (a garnunt, indn- 
 tum esse (v. to cloth k) : h. a care., cave, 
 sis ! Ter. Kun. 4. •), 29. 
 
 haven; portus, us: v. harbour. i 
 haversack : saccus, saccuius : v. r 
 
 &ACK. BAG. 
 
 havock ' 1. strages, is, /. (,wide- 
 sprtad destruction) : to spread h., s. 
 (&re. Liv. 4, ?}. med.: Virg.: to spread 
 h. and destruction amongst the enemy, 
 strage ac ruina fundere (hostes), Liv. 5, 
 4}, med. 2. caede.*: v. slaughter. 
 
 haW! thefruit of the hawthorn, *bd.Q& 
 (bacca) crataegi oxyeanthae (H. and A), 
 
 hawk («"''«■) •■ ncdpiter. Iris, »i. and 
 /. : Lucr. Hor. 
 
 hawk (w.) ■• I. To force up phlegm 
 from the throat: exscreo, i (to A. up): 
 to h. tip phlegm in cough, per tussim ex. 
 pituitam, Cels. . Suet. Also the simple 
 verb screo and comp. conscreo occur. 
 Phr to h. up phlegm from tlie bottom 
 of the lungs, ab imo pulmone pituitam 
 trocbleis adducere. Quint, 11, }, 5(1. ||, 
 To sell goods as a hawker: vendfto, i : 
 more fully, vlcatim, ostlatlni {from vil- 
 lage to village, house to house) : often 
 in fig. sense, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, i}5, 
 decreta, iiiiperia venditare : v. to skll. 
 III. To hunt with hawks : *falconibus 
 venor j^li. and A ). 
 
 hawker : *QU' merces suas vicatlm 
 (per vicos), oslialim venditat •. v, TO 
 
 SRLL. 
 
 hawk-ered: lynceus (strictly, like 
 the hero /.ynceus ; keen-sighted) : Cia, 
 Fam. 9, 2, mi'd. Comp. Hor. S. I, 2, 91, 
 Lyncei (a/. Lynceis) oculis, 
 
 hawkweed : 1. *bii;raclum; Linn. 
 2. accipilriiia: Apul. 
 
 hawser : perh. retinaculum : Liv : 
 
 y, CAULK. 
 
 hawthorn ; *crataegus oxycantba 
 (Linn.). 
 
 hay : fSnum or foenum (strictly, hay- 
 grass): to cut h., f. demetere. caedere. 
 Col. 2, 19; secare, Cato In I'lin. 18, 28, 
 67, $259 I'lln. • t/> dry OT turn h., f. b\c- 
 care, convevtere. Col. 1. c. to get in h., f. 
 coUigere, sub tectum congerere. Col. 1. c. 
 Phr. to make h. while the sunshines, 
 perh. occasionem amplecti, arripere : v 
 OrrOBTUNITT. 
 
 ha7-C0Ck: *^'>i acervus, cumulus 
 (feni mefa In Col. 2, 19, is a hay-rick). 
 
 hay-cutter : f enisex, sgcis, m. 
 
 Varr I'lin. less freq. fenisecUir (al. 
 feni sector). Col. 1 1, i, post init. 
 hay -fork ; furca, lurcllla Qfenaria] 
 
 V KOIiK. 
 
 hay-harvest ; fenlhecium esp. In 
 pi., to attend to Uie h., feniseeia adnitnls- 
 irare, Varr. R. K. i, n Col. 2, 19, extr : 
 the fem. feniseeia also occurs, Varr. R. R. 
 
 1.49- 
 hay-loft: fSnllla, ium, n.. CoL 1,6, 
 
 ad med. : Virg. (sing does not occur). 
 
 hay-maker ; *'iu' fenum demetit, 
 
 couverlit, etc. : v hay. 
 
 hay -making: fenlsgcia, orum: v. 
 
 h,\.v-hakvi>t 
 
 hay-market; *forum fPnarium. 
 
 hay -rack ; jacca or jacea : Veget : 
 Gesn. l>ex. Rust. 
 
 hay-rick, hay-stack: f«n' meta 
 
 (of conioal shape) : to pile liay in ricks, 
 fenum In nieta« e.xstiuere, Col. 2, 19: 
 PUn. 18, 23, t^.fm.. Col. hiis acervus lu 
 same sense, 1. c. 
 
 hazard (s"b».) : \. Danger: \, 
 pBriouIum ; V, dangkk. 2. a^ca 
 
 (strictly, gambling) ; a work full of 
 perilous h„ periculosae plenum opus a., 
 Hor. Od. 2, 1, 6: Cic: v. risk. ||, 
 Chamce, gambling : ilea : Cic. . Suet. : 
 V. gambling. 
 
 hazard (.v.) .• 1, expr. by aiea (v. 
 preced. art.) and a verb : unnecessai ily 
 to h. all, summam rerum QtemereJ In a. 
 non necessarlam dare, Ltv. 42, 59, fm. : 
 V. RISK. 2. expr. by discrlnien, p6il- 
 culMiii. and a verb: v. to kvdanokk. 
 I'h r. . to h oneself and one's fojtuiies, 
 se suasriue tortunas in dubium devocare, 
 Caes. B. H. 6, 7 • cf. in dubium Incer- 
 tunique revocare, Cic. Caec. 27, 76 : to h. 
 u battle, belli fortunam tentare, Caes. 
 B. G I, j6. 
 
 hazardous S 1. periculOsus: V. 
 DANOBHOtJS. 2. aleae plenus: v, ha- 
 zard (L, 2). 3. asper, 6ra, grum 
 'full of difftcuUies and rislcs) ■ in h. 
 times, in [periculis atque] a. temporlbus, 
 Cic. Bal. 9, init. : in so h. a busiiiess, In 
 eo tam a. nt'golio. Sail. Jug. 98, init. 
 
 hazardously: non sine periculo, 
 satis cum periculo, periculose- v danger, 
 
 DANGKROUSLY. 
 
 haze: nebola: V, FOG. 
 
 hazel (subs.) : 1, corylus (Gr. ko- 
 pu\os): hardy h.s, durae c, Virg. G. 2, 
 6;: Plin. 2. (nux) avellana(tAe <»-e« 
 or thefruit) : Plin. 16, jo, 51. 
 
 hazel (a<y)-* I. J/«''« of hazel- 
 wood : ci51urniis . h. spits, c. verua, Virg. 
 G. 2, J96. II. Lively brown, of the 
 coloiui- of a hazel-nut : perh. spadix (the 
 colour of a ripe date, (jell. 2, 26, med ), 
 or fiilviis, fliivus: v. tawny, brown, 
 
 hazel-grove: c6rjietum: Ov. 
 
 hazel-nut: nux avellaua. cf. Plin. 
 J7, 4, 15, 056- 
 
 he (pron.): 1. as subject to verb, 
 when not emphatic, expr. by term, of 
 }rd pers. sing, of verb: v. L. G. 1} 157. 
 2. when a particular person is em- 
 phatically indicated, ille, illius (demon- 
 strative pron., V. L. G. } 565) ■ he [6'ae- 
 sarl isn't likely to be at Athens by the 
 1st of Sept.. ille ad Kal. Sept. Atbenis 
 fore non videtur, Cic. Att. 11, 21, med. : 
 it is sometimes repeated pleonasticallj', 
 V. Ij. G. 5 61 5- 3. lilc, biijus (the man 
 here pi'esent or who is the stilyject of dis- 
 course: Gr. oJto?): V. this. 4. is, 
 ejus (the person named in the cotitext, or 
 defined by rel. clause): there nas an old 
 merchant; he was shipu-^ecked off An- 
 dros, fuit quidam senex mercator ; 
 navem is fregit apud Andrum, Ter. 
 Andr. i, }, 16: Cic. : since he is un&mr- 
 
 teous, tvho quum sit is inhumanus 
 
 qui . . . ., Cic Off. ?, 24, 92 (^pass.). 5. 
 ipse, ius (emphatically he himself): v. 
 himself. 6. bi oblique cases, sui. 
 
 slbi, se, or sEsr (referring to the subject 
 of the sentence : cf. L. G $ j6o, sqq.) : 
 he felt the less room for hesitation (he 
 said), eo sibi minus dubitationis dari, 
 Caes. B. G. 1, 14: Cic. (pass.) See also 
 THAT (pron). 
 
 he (adject, prefix) : mas, m&rlB . v 
 
 MALE. 
 
 head (.^"^'^ )•■ |. L i t, : 0/ Wi* body . 
 1. caput, Uis, n (of m«n or ani- 
 tnals; and by anal of inaniiixate ob- 
 jects): a small, graceful h., argutum c, 
 Virg. G. }, 80 ■ 'lis h. was bald m» front, 
 full cap'.te praecalvo, Suet. Gal. 21 to 
 pitch a man. h. foremost on the ground, 
 allquem capite pronum lu terram eUk 
 luere, Ter. Ad. j, 2, 18 hj or tails (in 
 tossing), capita nut navia (al navim) 
 (the revcue being a slap), M.icr 1, 7, 
 rued. ; to tumble li. owr heels, ire praecl- 
 pllem [ler caputque pedesque. Cat. 17, 
 9. Tlie h. (f an onion, caejiae c , cf. Ov 
 Fa£L J, J {9 poppy h.i, papaverum 
 gumma c, Liv. I, 54. med Itimm. cS- 
 p\l\i\\im, a lUile Ai. (rare iu lit. sense). 
 PI. Cure 2, J, 14. 2. vertex, Ids, m. 
 (top of the h.) : to drair the hatrfornard 
 from the crown of tlie h , capillum revo- 
 care a v.. Suet. Caes .j5 Jrinn the sole 
 of his foot (lit. tips qf his noils) to Iht 
 cron-n of his h , nb Inilh ungulbus Usque 
 art v. summuui, Cic. R. Com. 7, 20. 3. 
 occlpitlura (book of tlie h.) : to have eya 
 in the back of one's k. (fig.), oculo* Id 
 oc. habere, Pi. AuL i, i, 25 : varr. Cels. 
 Also occiput, ttiB Pers. I, 62. I'hr 
 having a large h., caplto, onis, Cic. N D. 
 I, 29, init.- to lay h.s together, con- 
 ferre consilla, Ter Heaut. j. i, 6; (but 
 also capita conferre, 1. e. to engage in 
 close confeaence, Liv. 2, 4;, med) r to 
 come into tnte'i h., alicul In nientem ve- 
 nire, Cic. riill. 2, 16, 40 Ter. • jnay, 
 don't get that idea into your h. .' obs'cro, 
 ne isluc in animum Inducas tuum ! Ter 
 Heaut. 5, 4, 5 you are all wisdom fi tan 
 h. to foot, tu quiiiitus quantus es nihil 
 nisi sapientia es, Ter. Ad. j, i. 40 he if 
 h. over ears in love, In amore est totus, 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 50 : / tremble and shudder 
 from h. to foot, totus tremo liurreoque 
 Ter. Eun. i, 2, ? (cf. supr 2) to lie over 
 h. and ears iu debt, aere alieiio obrutum 
 esse, etc. (v. debt) . the vine had got 
 into their hj. Inialuerant vino, Liv 1, 
 57, med.; vinuin ils in cerebrum abierat 
 (colloq.), cf. Petr .41, extr. ||. FIg.r 
 Vie top of anything: 1. cjput (cf. 
 supr 1) : at either h. [of the bridge), ad 
 capita, Plane, in Cic. Fanh 10, 18, fm.: 
 V. END (IIL, 3). 2. expr. by sum- 
 mus: v. top. Ill, 'J'he maturated 
 pait of a boil, etc . caput to come to a 
 A., c. facere, Plia 22, 25. 76 Cls. 8,9. 
 ad fin. F i g. : t/i come to a h., matures- 
 cerie : v. to riit.n. | V. 'The froth of 
 beer, wine flos, lloris, m.: Col. 12, 20 
 1 To form a h., floreie. Col. 1. c V. 
 'Ibpic of discourse • 1. cSput : esp. 
 used of the divisions of laivs : from the 
 frst h. of the law to the last, a primo c. 
 legis usque ad extremum, Cic Agr. 2, 6, 
 15. 2. lOcus, p/. lOci (ground of dis- 
 course) : cf. Cic. Or. 14, extr.. locos quasi 
 argumentorum noias tradidif that was 
 the second h. in tlie indictment against 
 old-age, is erat I. alier in vitiis senec- 
 tutis, Cic. Sen. 9, init. y|. TKi prin- 
 cipal thing : caput: Cic. Tusc. 5, J4. 98 
 (caput coenae) . the h. and front of my 
 offending, quod Caccusatorij crimiiium c 
 est, cf. Inv. 2. 7, 24 ea res in qua sum- 
 ma judlcii causaque tota coiislstil, cf. 
 Cic Quint 9, n- VII. '"'"V. leader: 
 1. caput : Oie h.s of the conspiracy 
 were belieaded, conjurationis capita se- 
 curi percussl (not percussa) sunt, Liv 
 10, i,adi7iit.: sometimes the figure is 
 tarried out, corpori valido aipul deerat, 
 Liv. 5, 46, med.: Cic 2. princeps, 
 ipis; v. CHIEF 3. col 5-phaeus (strictly, 
 of a chorus) : (Zeno) the h. of the J-:pi- 
 cureans, Epicur.orum c, Cic. N 1). i, 
 21, 59. See also LEADER. Phr • (i.) 
 to be at the h. of: praesum, fui, esse 
 (with dat.) : Oiere is one Druid who ii 
 h. over all tlie rest, onmibus Druidibua 
 pr. unus, Caes. B. G. 6, U v. to ixiM- 
 MASD (II., 3), (li.) to pl^e at the h.: 
 praeflcio, praep6no v TO api'OINT (L, 
 5, 6)- VIII. -Ability: Ingeuium, In- 
 dSles : V. ABiLnr, capacity 
 
 head (adj.)i only as prefix- perh. 
 antistes Uis, c. ; cf. CoL }, 2i, nt«l 
 
 !6;
 
 HEAD 
 
 HEALTH 
 
 HEAP 
 
 antistites (vimieniialorum). H.-cook, 
 archlmagirus, Juv. 9, 109. 
 
 head ("•) •■ '• P- to 0,'^t as head or 
 ]eadcr: ducem, auctorem se praebere; 
 
 V. LEADER. 
 
 head-ache ; 1. capitis dolor : a vio- 
 lent h., vebemenlior capitis d., Plin. 24, 
 9, j8: intolerable h., d. capitis intolera- 
 bilis, Cels. 4, 2 : often pi., Cels. 2, 8, 
 met!.: Plin. 2. capitis gravitas (a 
 fueling 0/ oppression in the head : Plin. 
 27, 12, 105. 3. cephalaea {a peculiar 
 and violent land of h.) : I'lin. 20, if, ;i, 
 5 1^5- Cels. writes the word as Gk.., 
 
 1. c. 4. cephalalgia (very rare) : I'lin. 
 Valer. Phr. : / haoe a h., caput mihi 
 fvehementer] dolet. cf. Pliii. 24, 5, 10. 
 
 head-band: vitta, iniuia v. fillet. 
 
 head-dress : ^'tta (the usual h. nom 
 by maidens and modest women gene- 
 rally) : cf. Ov. Kem. An). j86, nil mihi 
 cum vitta, I'hais in arte mea est: Val. 
 Fl. (Compius in Lucr. i, 88; and or- 
 natus [capillorumj, Ov. A. A. j, i}5, 
 refer to the hair itself as dressed.) 
 
 headed: only used as suffix- thick- 
 h., bardus, stiipldus (v. stupid, dull, 
 v.): clear-h., peih. perspicax (sharp- 
 sighted), I'er. Heaut. 5, i, i ■ long.-h., 
 providus (Joreseeing). 
 
 header (^"''S.) : Phr.: to take ah. 
 from a plank, praecipitem se dare de 
 tabula: v. headforemost. 
 
 headforemost: 1. praeceps, ci- 
 
 pitis: to throw am/ one down h., aliquem 
 pr. dejicere, Cic. Verr. 4, 40. 86; dare, 
 
 Hor. S. I, 2, 41 : V. HFADl.ONG. 2. 
 
 pronus (iiith the head donn wards): he 
 tumbles h., prunus volvitur in caput, 
 Virg. Aen. 1, 115: cf. Ter. Andr. 2, 
 
 2, 18. 
 
 headland: promontorium : V. CAPE. 
 
 headless ; truncus (mutilated in any 
 way): tr. capitis, Sil 10, jii. The 
 subs, truncus is used abaol. for a h. 
 body, Virg. Aen. 2, 557. 
 
 headlong (ado ) .- expr. by praeceps 
 (both lit. and lig.), pronus: v. head- 
 foremost. Adv. phr., in praeceps, Tac. 
 Ann. 4, 22: Ov. Fig. : to be driven h. 
 (on desperate courses) : piaecipitem agi, 
 Sail. Cat. J9 extr.; abire, ib. 25; ferri, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 46, 121. Phr.: to plunge 
 h.froin a place, praecipitare se e (loco), 
 Cic. Tuse. 4, 18, itnt.; de (turri), Liv. 
 2}, iT, a (tecto). Sen. Ep. 4, j. 
 
 headlong (fK'j) : 1. praeceps, 
 cipitis; h. iiiiidness, p. furur, Cic. Doni. 
 J4, itiit. : Suet. 2. tenjgrarius : v. 
 reckless. 3. efFrenatus (unbridled) : 
 Cic: Liv. 
 
 head-quarters : 1. praetorium 
 
 (the general's lent): Caes. B. 0. I, 76: 
 Veg. J, 8, med. 2. priiicipia, oruni 
 (that part of a R<mian camp where the 
 tents of the commanding opicers were) : 
 cf. Liv. 7, 12. Jill., ill principiis ac prae- 
 torio: V. Orev. ad I. 3. perh. cardo, 
 inis, m. (any central position, to which 
 military mocements are referred) : to 
 m,ake Anemia their h., Anconani velut c. 
 habere, Liv. 41, i, med. 
 headship: principatus, us: V. so- 
 
 VEREKINTV. 
 
 headstrong: 1. perh. imp6tens, 
 
 ntis (not under control) : v. ungovekn- 
 ABI.E. 2. pervicax, perversus: v. 
 
 OBSTINATE. 
 
 headway : Phr.: to make no h., 
 *nihil itineris conficere. 
 
 headwind : cxpr. by adversus : under 
 a h., adverso flatu, Quint. 12. 11, 5 (but 
 the term includes any unfaiourable 
 iiyind, cf. Caes. B. G. j, 107, adversissimi 
 venti): it is ah. to ships sailing from, 
 Athens, adversum tenet Athenis proficis- 
 centibus, Nep. Milt, i, extr. 
 
 heady : I. fiash, precipitate ; te- 
 merarius, praeceps (not as epith. of per- 
 sons) : v. RECKLESS, HEADLONG. ||. Of 
 
 wine, apt to get into the head : perh. 
 fervidus : Hor. S. 2, 8, ^8. Phr.: 
 (wines) which are not ft., quae caput 
 non tentant, IMin. 2;, I, 20, exti: (cf. 
 Virg. G. 2, 94) ; quae celeriter In cere- 
 brum abeunt, ci, I'etr. 41, extr.; vina 
 vehemeiitia, cf. Plin. 1. c. } 21. 
 heal: I. Trans.: 1, sano, i 
 
 (to restore to a healthy condition) : to ft. 
 an ulcer, voniicam »., Cic. N D. 5, 28, 
 70 : (Machami) h.'d the legs of I'hihx- 
 tetes, Philoctetae crura sanavit, l^mp. 
 Fig.: to h. the wounds inficted on a 
 province, s. vulnera quae sunt imposita 
 provinciae, Cic. Att. 5, 17, fin. Join: 
 convalescere et sanari [civiias], Cic. Sull. 
 27./"- (Phe fomp. consano is used by 
 Col. of the healing up of trees after 
 pruning: R. U. 4, 29, ad med.) 2. 
 mfideor, 2, no 2)i'rf. (to bring medical aid 
 to, both lit. and fig. : with dat.) : v. to 
 CURE. Fig.: to ft. the miseries of the 
 commonwealth, afflictae et perditae rei- 
 j publiiae ni., Cic. Sext. i}, fin. 3. 
 mgdicor, i (rare in this sense, and poet. : 
 with dat. or occ.) : to ft. the wound of a 
 spear, cuspidis ictum m., Virg. Asn. 7, 
 756. See also to cure. Phr.: to h. a 
 breach, *di>sensionem s. dissidium inter 
 amicos toUere : that the breach betneen 
 you might be cvmpletelii h.'d, ut omnia 
 inter vos placaretitur, Ciu Att. i, 17, ad 
 init. II, 111 trans.: 1. sanesco, 
 sanui, j : siwh ulcers ft. with difficulty, 
 talia vulnera s. difficile, Plin. Join: 
 coire atque sanescere [of an incised 
 wound'], Cels. 2, 10, ad Jin. So comps., 
 consanesco (to ft. completely), Cic. Fam. 
 4, 6, ad fin. : resanesco (to ft. again), Ov. 
 2, coeo, 4, irr. (to close ; ot wounds) : 
 Ov. Pont. I, ?, 87: Cels. (v. supr.). 3. 
 coalesco, alui, } (:= coeo) : t-he wound 
 h.s, vulnus c, Plin. 9, 51, 76. Phr.: 
 the wound will ft. over in time, tempore 
 ducetur cicatrix, Ov. Pont, i, ?, 15. 
 
 heal-all : panacea or paniices, is, n. : 
 Plin. 
 
 healer : 1. expr. by pres. pari:, of 
 medeor (cf. L. G. $ 6 j8) : in pi. = phy- 
 sicians, Ov. M. 15, 629 : I'ac. 2. nie- 
 iliciis : V. PHisiciAN. 3. sanator 
 
 (very rare): Paul. Nol. (Usu. better 
 expr. by verb : tli/>u h. of . . . ., O qui 
 sanas, mederis, etc. : v. to heal.) 
 
 healing {a4j-) •■ 1. salutaris, e : 
 ft. herbs, herbae s., Ov. R. Am. 45 : ft. 
 a)i, ars s., Hor. Cann. S 6}: Plin.: Col. 
 
 2. saliiber, bris, e (poet, in this 
 sense) : ft. words, s. verba, Ov. F. 6, 75 j. 
 
 3. mgdicus : to apply ft. hands, m. 
 adhibere manus, Virg. G. j, 45; : 7t. 
 virtue. Vis ni., Plin.: the h. art, ni. ars, 
 Ov. 4. niedlciibilis, e (more usu. in 
 pass, sense) : a ft. juice, ni. succus, Col. 
 7, 10, extr.: Val. Fl. See also medi- 
 cinal. Phr.: the ft. art, raedicina, me- 
 dendi siientia, Cels. i, i : v. medicine. 
 
 healing (subs.) : s&natio : Cic. (lit. 
 and hg). Or expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 HEAL. 
 
 health : 1. santtas (sound, good 
 ft.) : Cic. Tusc. 4, I J, jo: to restore ft. or 
 to ft., sanitatem, sanitati restituere, Plin. 
 Join: (corporis) integritas sanitasque, 
 Gell. 18, I, med. 2. valeliido (good 
 or bad h. : esp. the latter) : beauty, ft., 
 strength, pulchritudo, v., firmitas, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, I }, JO : to enjoy (very good) ft., 
 bona, optima v. uti, Cic. : Caes. ; firma 
 v. uti, Plin. jun. : ill ft., v. iuconimoda, 
 Cic. Att. 5, 8, init.; aegra, id. Brut. 48, 
 extr.: delicate ft., v. infirma, Cic. Brut. 
 48, exi?-. ,■ tenuis, id. Sen. 11, 35 [quam 
 lenui vel potius nulla v.] : suffering 
 from ill ft., affectus valetudine, Caes. 
 B. C. I, ji : be sure to take care of your 
 ft., V. tuam velini cures, cura diligent*'r, 
 lac ut cures, Cic. Fam. 14, pass. : to ex- 
 cuse oneself on the ground of ill ft., ex- 
 cusatione uti valeludinis, Cic. in Pis. 6, 
 I}. 3. salus, liiis, /. (restoration to 
 A., opp. tu fatal illness): v. recovery. 
 To drink to any one's ft., salutem alicui 
 pi opinare, PI. Phr.: (i.) to be in (good) 
 ft , valeo, 2: I hope you are in good ft., 
 si vales bene est [.s!v.B.E.], Cic. pa^s. : 
 to be in good ft., bene, optime, valere, 
 Cic; commode v., Plin. Ep. }, 20, 11 : v. 
 to do (IV.). (ii.) to recover ft., con- 
 valesce, valui, j: Cic (lit. and fig.): v. 
 TO recover, intrans. (iii.) to drink to 
 any one's ft., prSpino, i (passing the cup 
 to the person complimented) : I drink to 
 the ft. of Critias the fair, propino hoc 
 pulchro Critiae, Cic. Tusc. i, 40, 96 : 
 Mart. : T. supr. (3). " To the ft. of Mes- 
 
 sala I " let each say as he drinks, bene 
 Messalam ! sua quisque ad pocula dicat, 
 Tib. 2, I, J I (R. and A.): see also 10 
 
 GREET. 
 
 healthful; salutaris, saluber: v. 
 HEALTH V, wholesome. Phr.: things h. 
 or injurious to health, quae res (corpori) 
 aut piodesse solent aut obesse, Cic. Off. 
 2, 24, 86 : necessary and ft. exercise, ex- 
 erciiatio necessaria qua omnia conva- 
 Ie.scunt, tjuint. 11, }, 22. 
 
 healthfully : salubiiter : Cic. : Col. : 
 Phn. (not salutariter in this .-ense). 
 
 healthily; salubrlier: Cic. Sen. 16. 
 57 : v. wholesomely. 
 
 healthiness : I. Of persons : bona, 
 firma valetudo: v. health. ||. Of 
 place: 1. salubrltas: ft. of atm.o- 
 
 sphere or climate, s. coeli, Plin. Ep. 8, I, 
 extr.: Cic. Leg. 2, i, j. 2. salubris 
 natura [loci], salubre coelum : v. 
 healtht. 
 
 healthy: I. Of persons: 1, 
 
 sanus (in sound condition) ; h. bodies, s. 
 corpora, Cels. init. : ft. and well, s. atque 
 vahdus, Gell. 18, lo, med.: s. rccteque 
 valens, Hor. Ep. i, 16, 21. Fig.: a A. 
 mind, mens s., Juv. : v. sound. 2. 
 validus(HeW and hearty): cf. Hor. Odl 
 I, JI, 17. Cic: V. well (adj.). 3. 
 expr. by valetudo with an adj. (abl. of 
 quality, L. G. $ Ji8), or a verb : an ex- 
 ceedingly ft. person, tirmissiiiia valetu- 
 dine homo; qui firmissima v. utitur: 
 to Uxik ft., *v. (fimiam) vultu prodere : 
 V. health. (Not salvus, which = safe 
 a.nd sound; nor integer^ unimpaired, 
 1- v) II. Of places, (limate: sa- 
 liiber, bris, bre : a ft. place, ft. year, s. 
 locus, annus, Cic. (opp. to pestilcns): a 
 district having a ft. climate, ager s. 
 coelo. Col. I, 2, med. : (the Apennines') 
 most ft. of mountains, saluberrimus 
 montium, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 2. 
 
 health-giving: 1. salutifer,era, 
 erum: Ov. 2. sal ii tiger, 6ra, 6rum: 
 Auson. 
 
 heap (subs.) : 1. acervus (strictly, 
 rising to a point ; as a ft. of grain) : a 
 ft. consists of grains like itself, a. ex sui 
 generis granis efficitur, Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 
 45 : a h. of silver (lit. brass) and gold, 
 aeris a. el auri, Hor.: ft.s of corpses, 
 acervi corporum, Cic. Cat. j, 10, 24. 
 Adv. acervalim, in h.s : Lucr. : Varr. : 
 Col. 2. cumulus (a vast ft. ; strictly, 
 of rouniled form : cf. Virg. Aen. i, 105, 
 insequitur cumulo praeiuptus aquae 
 moiis) : a corpse buried under ft.s of 
 slain, corpus obrutum superstratis [cae- 
 sorum] cumulis, Liv. 10, 29, extr.: v. 
 MASS. 3. agger, eris, m. (of soil, stones, 
 snow, etc.) : v. mound, drift. 4. 
 strues, is,/, (of things piled confusedly) : 
 h.s of corpses, s. corporum, Tac H. j, 
 8j : Liv. : v. pile. 5. congeries, ei 
 (any mass of things brought together) : 
 I'ac. : Plin. See also multitude, accu- 
 mulation. 
 
 heap («-)•■ I . Ij i t. : to raise a heap : 
 usu. foil, by up, together: \, acervo, 
 I (to furm an acervus: v. heap, subs. 1 : 
 rare) : Plin. The conip. coacervo (to ft. 
 together) is more freq. : dead bodies 
 thrown down and h.'d together, dejecta 
 et coacervata cadavera, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 27 : sometimes foil, by cumulo, cumulis, 
 Liv. 22, 7, etc. 2. aggero, i (to raise 
 a mound) : to ft. up soil round (a tree), 
 terram circa ag.. Col. Arb. 28 : to ft. up 
 cmpses, cadavera ag., Virg. The comp. 
 exaggero (to ft. up high), is rare: Plin. 
 
 3. ciimiilo, I (to pile together; more 
 freq. in tig. sense : v. infr. and to accu- 
 mulate) : more fully, cum. in [magnum] 
 acervum, Liv. 4;, jj, init.: Curt. Comp. 
 accumulo, esp. of heaping soil to the 
 roots of trees. Col. ; also fig., v. infr. 
 
 4. conggro, ssi, stum, j (to pile in 
 a mass) : v. to file. ||. To aTnass 
 riches, etc. : cumulo, accumiilo, coacervo, 
 colligo, congero : v. to accumulate. 
 
 Ill, To heap reproaches, etc , upon : 
 1, congero, ssi, stum, j (in abun- 
 dance ; with ace. and dat., or more freq. 
 ace. and in with ace.) : to A. blows upon 
 tlie dead, plagas niortuo c, Phaedr. : to 
 h. favours upon any one, beneficia in ali-
 
 HEAR 
 
 HE A RT 
 
 HEARTH 
 
 quem c, Liv. 42. u : Ift all (evih) be 
 tt.'d upon a single itidividunl, conge- 
 raiitur in unum uiiinia, Cic. I'usc. 5, 40, 
 117: to li. abuse on any one, maledicta in 
 aliquetn c, Cic. : Suft. 2. Ingero, 
 ssi, stura, J (same coiistr. as preced.) 
 
 I going on, quae gerantur ex rollione ac- 
 cipies, Cic. Fam. 1,6: Sail. 3. fom- 
 periu, 4 V. TO asckrtain. 4. '"" 
 audio, 4 (f'sp. of secret inteUiyen':e) : cl. 
 
 : Cic. Fam. 9, 24, ad iuit., c-iii.silia sunt 
 inita i\e me quae te video inaudistt 
 
 to li. almse upon any <me, coBvicimihcai '(" have yid uind of): I'l. VI. 'i'" 
 ing., Hor. S. i, 5, 11 ; iiig. probra, Liv. 2, receive a communication by letter trom 
 45, med. also with in and acc'. (instead 
 
 of dat.): Liv. }, 68, med. I'l. 3. 
 Snero, i (willi acc. and alil.): to h. in- 
 juries on any one, uliqueni injuiiis o., 
 Ter. And. 5, I, 8 : v. to load. |V. '/'" 
 add: addo, didi, dilum, {: to h. one 
 crime upon another, in scelus addere 
 scelus, Ov. M. 8, 484. 
 
 hear: \, 'lo have the sense of hear- 
 ing: audio, 4: the deaf man does not 
 h., *iion a. surdus. IMir. : to h. wM, 
 acris (acfirimi) auditils esse, I'lin. 8, }2, 
 50: to h. ill, surdaslinnn esse, Cic. (v. 
 DEAK); •parum airis audiliis esse (v. 
 supr.) ; t;udis auribus esse (R. and A.) : 
 they loulil neither see nor h. property, 
 neque oculis neque auribus siitis conipe- 
 tere, Tac. A. }, 46, init. N.IJ. — Bene, 
 male audire, are to be well or ill spolxn 
 of: cf. Cic. I'usc. 5, 40, init. ||. To 
 perceive by hearing : 1. audio, 4 : 
 constr. : what is heard is e.xpr. by 
 acc, acc. and inf., acc. and imperf. part., 
 or qtnnn with subj.; tlie source of in- 
 formation, denoted by abl. depend, on de, 
 ex, ab: to h. a sound, soni.um a., Hor. : 
 do you h. ? audiu' {= audisne) .' Ter. 
 pass.: he will h. that citizens hare sharp- 
 ened the stvord, audiet cives acuisse 
 ferrum, Hor. : / lieard Crassus say, e.\ 
 Crasso fCrassumJ audivi, qinun diceret, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, }}, 144 : but / heard Cras- 
 sus speaking is, audivi Crassum dicen- 
 tera, cf. Nep. Tim. 4 (the latter signifies 
 that the speaking as such was heard ; 
 the former points to the hearing of a 
 particular thing ; Zunipt, L. G. ^ 6j6) : 
 to be heard with courtesy and attention, 
 benigne atque attente audiri, Cic. 2. 
 exaudio, 4 (fromsmne distance) : to speak 
 very IfHuUy, that all (even at a distance) 
 may h., maxima (clarissima) voce dicere, 
 Mt omnes ex. possint, Cic. SuU. II, init. : 
 12, init: cf. id. Att. i, 14, 5. Also of 
 hearing in spite of noise or other diffi- 
 culty : in strepilu ex., Cic. Att. ij, 48, 
 init. : Curt. 7, 7, med. Also poet. ^ 
 simple verb: Hor. A. P. 50. 3. per- 
 cipio, cepi, ceptum, j (gen. term tor per- 
 ception by a sense: with auribus): Cic. 
 Or. 2, 8. Simly. excipio, of catching a 
 sound attentively (v. to listen to, iivkb- 
 heak); and accipio (also with auribus), 
 o{ information obtained by hearing: it 
 is proper for the good orator to have 
 heard much and seen much, est boni 
 oratoris multa auribus accepisse, multa 
 vidisse, Cic. de Or. 1 , So,fin .: cf. Ter. Hec. 
 3, t, }• 4. ausculto, 1 : V. to listen. 
 Phr. : not unurillingly have I heard 
 your words, baud invito ad aures sermo 
 inihi accessit tuus, Ter. Hec. 3, ;, ?z: 
 what is worthy of being heard, quod 
 dignum est auribus (alicujus), Cic. Clu. 
 24,66. Ill, Of prayers; to h.farour- 
 ably,h. and ansner: audio, exaudio, 4: 
 the goiis have heard my prayers, dii 
 preces meas audiverunt, Cic. in I'is. 19, 
 4; : Hor. : h. thou the prayers of the 
 suppliant ! preces supplicis exaudi ! Ov. 
 M. n, 856: Cic. PI. 41, 97. Phr.: if 
 thou canst hear prayer at all, precibus 
 si flecteris ullis. Virg. Acn. 2, 689 ; so, 
 prece moveri, Ov. Her. 7, ; (v. to i-ke- 
 VAIL UPON") : to refuse to h. prayers, 
 preces aspernari, Cic. Sext. 15, 30: pr. 
 aversari, Liv. j, 12, extc; pr. [surda 
 aure] negligere. Prop. 2, 8 (16). 48. JV. 
 To give a legal hearing to a cause : cog- 
 nosco, novi, nituni, ? : with causam, Cic. 
 Off. 2, 2 ?, 82 : esp in phr. cognitii causa 
 (after a cause hus been heard), Cic. Cat. 
 42, extr. (opp. to indicia causii, nithout 
 its being heard, Cic. I./Cg. i, i;, 42'); also 
 absol.. Verves cognoscebal, Judicabat, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 10, init. (but this should 
 only occur in an animated passage). 
 V. To receive information : 1. 
 cognosco, ? : v. to learn. 2. ac- 
 cipio, J : you will A. from Pollio ivbat is 
 
 any one : ex Uteris cognosco (aliquid) ; 
 Cic. Fain. 10, 29. Phr. / should like 
 to know tclicther you have heard any- 
 thing of Tiro, vellm scire ecquid ad te 
 scriptum sit de Tirone, Cic. Alt. 9, 17: 
 Fam. 14, 8: / heard from you on the 
 ird of the yones, tertio Nonas literas 
 
 (a te) accept, Cic. Att 10, l, init.: let _ 
 
 me h. about i/our journey, de tuo itinere j that ma'.es eloquent, p. est quod diser- 
 
 xtery h. of the earth, iiura est in v ter- 
 rae, Ov. M. i, l}8 cf. Cic. C.iL i. ij. ji, 
 in venis atque in visceribus reipul'licae. 
 1' h r. : the h. of a tree, quod proxinium 
 medullae est, quae medullai- proxiiua, 
 Plin. 16, J9, 73 (not os [R. and A.], 
 which is only used tig. of trees: also ot 
 kernels: cf. Plln. 1. c. tota ossea est ilex, 
 comus, robur, etc.) . h. of oak, robur, 
 6ris, n. (strictly a species of oak, I'lin. 
 1. c. but used poet, of any veiy hard 
 wood): V. OAK. 111. I'hi- Ill-art a« Wie 
 Stat of tlie emolums 1. [lectiis, ("iris, 
 
 n. : to lore ime's friend nith tlie whole 
 h., amicum lolo p. [ui dicUurJ aiiiare, 
 Cic. Leg. I, 18,49 Virg. it is llie h. 
 
 velim me certlorem facias, Cic. Att. 10, 
 5, extr. : / am expecting to h. from you, 
 tuas literas exspecto, Cic. Att. 15, 19: 
 J was very gtiid to h. from you, gratae 
 nilhi vehemenler tuae Uterae fuerunt, 
 Cic. Fam. 1 3, 68. 
 
 hearer : 1. auditor : to gain the 
 gondiciU, the attenti'm of the h., a. con- 
 tiliare, erigere, Cic. Or. 35, 122 cf. Br. 
 
 tos facit, Quint. 10, 7. 15 . ah. to friend- 
 ship true, tidae p. aiiilciliae. Mart. 9, 14. 
 2. animus (the soul , esp. the emo- 
 tional part) : to say anytlimg from the 
 h. (in accordance with ime's real senti- 
 ments) and sincerely, allqnid ex animo 
 ac vere dicere, Ter. tun. i, 2, 9;: Cic. 
 N. I), extr.: V. feemni;.s, siind. 3. 
 cor (infreq. in this sense) . to touch the 
 
 52, 191. But the word oltener denotes k. of tlie spectator, cor spectantis Uiiigere, 
 
 an habitual hearer, a disciple: cf Cic. Hor. A. {'. 98: a Uaden (without feel 
 
 Br. 1. c. : V. discii'LE. 2. niore freq. ing) h..c. plumbeum, L.Cras.sus in Suet, 
 
 expr. by audio, esp. pres. part, (except Ner. 2 : oft. ;;(., esp. poet. • a h. that 
 
 in nom. sim/., for which auditor, Cic. Or. never grows gi ntle (Pluto's), nescia nian- 
 
 1 c.) to excite tlie feelings of one's h.s, suescere c, Virg. <J. 4, 470: a h. that 
 animos audientiuin inflainmare, Cic. Br. I has done with hve, desuela c, Virg. 
 
 2} init. (et pass.): Liv. Aen. 1, 722 (but corda Is as ott. used of 
 
 hearing (sm6s.): |. The sense: the ivits : cf. Virg. G. I, 123) Ov. 
 
 audilus, us- the setise of h. J.t alwai/s (N.B. - I he phr. cordi esse denotes 
 
 awake, a semper patet, Cic. N. I). 2, 57, simply that a thing is agreeable to ime's 
 
 144: difficulty of h.. gravitas auditiis, 
 Plin. 2!, 4, 42. 2. e-^'P''- ''J' aures ; 
 difficulty if /(.. auriuin gravitas, Plin. 23, 
 8, 80 5 1 54 : to hiive. lost one's h., auribus 
 captum e.sse, Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 1 1 7. 1 ' h r. : 
 /ia?-d o/A., surdaster, Cic. : v. deaf. ||, 
 The act of h.: 1. auditio: the h. of 
 stories, fabellarum a., Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42. 
 2. niore fieq. expr. by ger. or ger. 
 
 wishes). 4. I)raecordia. orum, n. pi. 
 (strictly the midriff: sometimes = pec 
 tus) - courage returns to the h., redit in 
 pr. virtus, Virg. Aen. 2, J67 : Hor. |V. 
 Tlie seat of the thoughts and xcill : 
 mens, animus: v. mind. V- Courage: 
 ilnimus : esp. with bonus . be of gmid 
 h., bono animo este ! v courage. VI. 
 Memory : only in phr., by heart : Phr.: 
 
 par«rof audio : to sharpen 'one' s wits by to know by h., memotia lenere, Cio. (v 
 the h. of orators, *oratoribus audlendis TO remember): to kam verses by A., 
 ingenium acuere : v. TO hear. |||. An versus ediscere, Caes. B. G. 6, 14. VII. 
 audience (oranted): 1. audientia . As term of endearment : cor, corculum : 
 to secure a' h., facere sibi a., Cic. Sen. 9, ' I'l. : v. sweet-heart. VIII. T''>! «''«?« 
 28 : Apul. (in Liv. 43, x6, med., audien- of a heart : cor ; cordis effigies, species, 
 
 tiam tacere is used of the crier calling 
 for silence). 2. expr. by audio: to 
 give any one a favourable h., aliquem 
 benigne [attenteque] audire, Cic. Clu. 
 3, extr. : to receive an attentive h., cum 
 silentio audiri, Liv. j8, 10. Join: be- 
 nigne et palienter a.. Suet. 89, fm. 
 P h r. : to give a h. to anything, alicui 
 rei aures praebere, Liv. 38, 52, extr. ; 
 dare, Cic. Att. I, 5, med.: to give an 
 attentive h., dare siientium, Ter. Hec. 
 prol. 2, extr. |V. Judicial : cognitlo : 
 Cic: Tac: v. to hear (1V^). V. 
 Distance within which any one may be 
 heard: unde quis exaudirt possit: v. 
 TO HEAR (U, 2). 
 
 hearken : ausculto, i : Ter. : Hor. : 
 V. TO listen. See also to obey. 
 
 hearsay : 1. auditio (a mere re- 
 port : rare) : to put the merest h. i?i the 
 place of authentic fact, Icveni a. pro re 
 coniperta habere, Caes. B. G. 7, 42 ; Cic. 
 I'l. 23, 56 [lie fictis auditioiilbus, disse- 
 minato dispersooue sernwni, etc.']. 2. 
 
 rumor, runiusculus: v. rumoor, GCssiP. 
 
 Phr.: 1 have no better authority than Liviae in Agrippinam stimulis : also, 
 
 I'lin. 37, 10, 58 : *cordis forma (v. 
 
 SHAPE). 
 
 heart-ache: I. Physical: cordis 
 
 dolor: v. ACHE. ||. Emotional, aegrl- 
 tudo, soUicitudo- v. as.xietv, distress. 
 (Cordolium [fr. cor, doleo]. Pi. ClsL i, i, 
 67 : Apul.). 
 
 heart-break (subs.): nearest word 
 angor (= aegritudo premens, Cic. Tusc. 
 
 4, 8, 18): V. grief, DI.-TUl-SS. 
 
 heart-breaking (adj.) : v. heabt- 
 
 BKNliINO. 
 
 heart-broken (part, adj.): aeger 
 animi. Liv 1, 58, ortr. .• or perh. ango- 
 rlbus confectus, animo fractus, afflictus : 
 cl. Cic. Phil. 2. 1 5, 37. 
 
 heart-burn : redundatio siomachi, 
 riiii. 7. 6, 5 , or perh. ardor sloiiiachi, 
 cf Ccls. 4, ;, med. : the patient suffers 
 from h , exacstuat aegroto slomachus, 
 cl. Cels. 1. c. 
 
 hearNbuming («!**«-) •• '- f- *'"/< 
 
 and hiltemess ofjeeling ■ perh. stimuli 
 (irariim. etc.): cl". Tac A. i, 3?, accede- 
 banl niuliebreso//Vwsi<'n«, novercalibus 
 
 /(., nil praeter auditum \_p.part.'] habeo, 
 Cic Off. I, 10, 3! 
 
 hearse : *vehiculum funebre. 
 
 heart : I. '/'''« physical organ : 
 
 cor, cordis, n. : to be without a h. (of 
 victims), sine c. esse, Cic. I*iv. i, 52, 
 119: Cels. (N.B. Cor is rarely used 
 fig. to denote the affections : v. infr.). 
 II. B.v anal., the interior of any- 
 thing'. "1. expr. by inlimus (cf. L. G. 
 5 343): he retired into the h. of .Mace- 
 donia, ablidit se in iiitiiiiam Macedo- 
 niam, Cic. Fam. 1 3, 29, med. : v. inmost. 
 So interior, and esp. neut. pi. interiora 
 may be used : Perseus in inieriora regni 
 recepit se, Liv. 42, 39. init.: the h. of 
 the ehler-tree (next the pith), interiora 
 saralnici, I'lin. 16. 39.7 5- 2. viscfra, 
 um (like Fug. " bouels." e. r. of a land: 
 poet, and rhetor.): they pierced into the 
 
 Liv. 30, 14, init., anions stimulis. 
 Sometimes offensioiies may serve; v. 
 supr. See also jeai.ol'sy. 
 heart-corroding ^.a<ij■) : edax, mor- 
 
 dax : v. ( (il!Ri)DING. 
 
 heartfelt 'Mj.) .- vgrus, baud simti. 
 
 lalUS. V. SINCKKE. 
 
 heart-rending (a^j-) ■■ perh- iBbllis 
 (cf. Cic. Phil. II, !, 7, ixJiilte anie oculos 
 miseram illam et t1el>ileni specieml. cril- 
 delis (cf. Virg. Aen. 2. 74<). qni.l in 
 eversa vidl cnuieliu~ urbe i) ilcerbus 
 [acerliissimus], nii.serabilis : v. piTl- 
 
 AllLE. 
 
 heart-shaned : ™rdis si>eciem prae- 
 bens : V. hk aut (extr.). 
 
 heart-whole: i- e. not in lot*. 
 vacuus : Hor. 0^1. i, 6, extr. 
 
 hearth : nearest word. fdciUs v>. 
 orate, stationary or moveable): to iil
 
 HEARTILY 
 
 HEAVENLY 
 
 HEAVY 
 
 by the h., ad f. sedere. Cic. : v. ffreside. 
 P h r. : the logs were burning on the open 
 A., *ligna in aperto caraino ardebant. 
 
 heartily : 1. expr. by stildium : 
 to do anything h., cum [magno, 
 summo] studio facere : Caes. B. G. 4, 
 }I ■ to throw oneself h. into anything, 
 omcla sua studia in aliquam rem con- 
 feire, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, a. 2. effuse 
 (" avec epaiichement ") : to love very h., 
 effusissime diligere, Plin. Ep. "j, Jo, l: 
 to be h. {enthusiastically) received (of a 
 performer), efifusius excipi, Suet Ner. 22. 
 3. iniime : v. warmly. Sometimes 
 magnopere, vehementer may serve : 
 
 V. GREATLY, EARNESTLY. (Ex animO := 
 
 agreeably to one's real sentiments.) 
 heartiness ; studium : v. zeal, de- 
 
 Yorio.N. 
 
 heartless : ferreus : v. HABD- 
 
 heabteo. 
 heartlessly : Inhumane, crudeliter : 
 
 V. UNFEELINGLY', CRUELLY. 
 
 heartlessness : ▼• hakd-heabted- 
 
 KESS. 
 
 heartsease : a plant, viola tricolor, 
 M. L. 
 
 hearty : I. Genuine : verus, sin- 
 cerus : V. shncebe. ||, Cm-dial : co- 
 mis, bgnignus : v. cordial, kfnd. Phr. : 
 to do anything ivith a h. goodwill, ali- 
 quid libentem (libenter) tacere, Ter. 
 Heaut. 4, 5, i; (v. cheerfully) : to in- 
 dulge in h. laughter, eflimdi in cachin- 
 nos, Suet. Cal. J2: to hate the riwst h. 
 enjoyment in a performance, effusissimo 
 studio spectare. Suet. Ner. 40 (v. heart- 
 ily) : to receive a h. wekome, summo 
 studio excipi, Cic. (v. enthusiasti- 
 cally) : / give you m,y h. thanks, gra- 
 tiam magnam habeo tibi, f'l. 
 
 heat (subs.) : I. L i t. : 1. calor 
 (in whatever degree): the force of cold 
 and h., vis trigoris et c, Cic. : Lucr. 
 Esp. the heat of summer : in aider to 
 escape the h., vitandi c. causa, Cic. Att. 
 li, J4: in pi. = season of h., continued 
 h., summer : Liv. 2, 5 : Hor. Of the h. 
 of fever, Cels. },6. 2. ardor (burn- 
 ing h.) : to be consumed icith scorching 
 ft., ardore deflagrare, Cic. Ac. 2, i'),extr. : 
 in pi., the scotching h. [rays'] of the sun, 
 nimii solis a., Cic. Sen. j ;, 5i. Also of 
 the h. of fever, in pi., Plin. 14, 16, 18. 
 3, fervor (glouing h.) : h. of a 
 purer, subtler kind, f. purior, mobilior, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, II, }o : in pi. of continued 
 ft., Virg. G. J, 154. Of the h. of feeer, 
 Lncr. 6, 651 : Plin. 4. vapor (in Cic. 
 only of a gentle uarmth. Sen. 15, 51; 
 in other authors of atmospheric heat in 
 all degrees) : (cattle) not able to bear the 
 summer h., impatiens aestivi v.. Col. 7, 
 J, med. : Plin. : Hor. 6. aestus, us 
 (exces^sive, sultry h.) : exhausted with 
 toil and h., labore et a. languidus. Sail 
 Jug. 51 : in pi., of continued h., Hor. 
 Od. I, 17, 18. Of theh. of fever, to be 
 tossing with h. and fever, aestu febrique 
 jactari, Cic. Cat. I, I}, Ji. ||. Fig.: 
 of youth, passion : fervor : h. of pas- 
 sion, f. pectoris, Hor. Od. i, 16, 22 : ft. 
 of youthful temperament, f. aetatis, 
 Cic. Sen. i;, 45. Phr.: in the h. of 
 youth, calidus juventa, Hor. Od. ;, 14, 
 extr. : to do anything in the ft. of pas- 
 sion, impetu et ira aliquid facere, fac. 
 Ger. 25 ; per iram, Cic. Tusc. 4, J7, 79. 
 Ill, A course at a race : missus, us : 
 V. Suet". I)om.4,med. quofacilius centum 
 missus peragerentur. 
 
 heat(»')-' A.Trans.: 1. ca- 
 lefaclo, feci, factum, j : / ivill order the 
 bath to be h.'d, balineum calefieri Jubebo, 
 Cic: Varr. (Viir. has pass, calefacior, 
 ■which is less good.) Of the effects of 
 wine: Venus h.'d with nine, vino cale- 
 facta Venus. Claud. B Gild. 182: Gell. 
 Ij. extr. Frequent, calefacto, nearly = 
 preced. : Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 169. Intens. 
 percalefacio (rare except in p. part.) : 
 Viir. : Varr. 2. (as quasi-passive of 
 preced.^ to become h.'d), calesco, j : Cic. 
 Sen. 16, 57. Comps. percalesco (to 6e- 
 come thorovghly h.'d), Ov.; incalesco, 
 chiefly in fig. sense, as by vine, Liv. i, 
 57. 3. fervgfacio, j (to make glmvdng 
 hot: rare except in p. part.) : h.'d (boil- 
 j68 
 
 ing) pitch, fervefacta pix, Caes. B. G. 
 7, 22 : V. TO BOIL. Also the pies. part. 
 of ferveo may be used := fervefactus : 
 clay bullets h.'d red-hot, glandes ex ar- 
 gilla ferventes, Caes. B. G. 5, 4;. B. 
 1 n t r a n s. : concalesco, ; : of com in 
 granaries. Vitr 6, 6 (9), 4: of hay. Col. 
 2, 19 : cf. supr. (2). 
 
 heated ( paf '• and adj.) : i. e. ex- 
 cited: inflammatus, commoius: v. to 
 excite. 
 
 heath: I. ^Vie plant: ence, es: 
 Plin. (erica, Linn.). ||, A place over- 
 groum with heath : no exact word : *loca 
 ericis (humilibusque virgultis) obsita. 
 
 heath-cock: perh. lagois or atta- 
 gen; v. g bouse. 
 
 heathen (subs.) .- l. paganus 
 
 (" deorum falsorum multorumque cul- 
 tores paganos vocamus:' August, in 
 ForceU.) : Tert. : Hier. : v. pagan. 2. 
 ethnicus: v. gentile. 
 
 heathen (adj.) .- l. ethnicus (strictly 
 Gehtile : Gr. cSt'iKos : but used in Chris- 
 tian writers for heathen) : Tert. : Hier. : 
 etc. 2. expr. by paganus : ft. gods, 
 *paganorum dii, idola : v. preced. art. 
 
 heathenish: ethnicus: v. preced. art. 
 
 heathenishly : ethnice : Ten. 
 
 heathenism : expr. by pagani : V. 
 paganism. 
 
 heathy : firlcaeus : Plin. 11. 16, i;. 
 
 heating (subs.) .- calfifactio : Arcad. 
 Dig. (usu. better expr. by verb : v. to 
 heat). 
 
 heating ("diO •• calonficus (rare) : 
 Gell. 
 
 heave: A, Trans.: tollo, attoUo : 
 V. to uft. Phr.: to ft. o groan or 
 sigh, gemitum dare, ducere, ciere, etc. ; 
 suspiria ducere, petere ; v. groan, sigh. 
 B. In trans.: to swell: 1. tu- 
 meo, 2 ; tiimesco, ui, } : the ivaters begin 
 to ft. and toss, freta ponti incipiunt agi- 
 tata tumescere, Virg. G. i, 157: the 
 wave still h.s when the wind ?uis sub- 
 sided, a vento qui fuit unda lumet, Ov. 
 F. 2, 776. So intumesco : Lucan, 6, 470, 
 ventis cessantibus aequor intumuit. 2. 
 fluctuo, I (stronger than preced. ; to 
 move in waves): PI. Rud. 4, i, 12. Phr.: 
 her bosom h.s [with the afflatus], pectus 
 anhelum (est), [et rabie fera corda tu- 
 ment], Virg. Aen. 6, 48 : her bosom h.s 
 with a deep sigh, suspiria duxit ab imo 
 pectore, Ov. M. 10,402 ; h.s gently, *leni- 
 ter se attoUunt pectora tumentia. 
 
 heaven: I. The sky: 1. coe- 
 lum (cae.) : without pi. in class. Lat. : 
 v. SKY. 2. p61us (poet.) : to force 
 down the moon from the ft., polo deri- 
 pere lunam. Hor. Epod. 17, 77 : Virg. 
 II. The blessed state : 1, coelum; 
 a cloud took him (Christ) away into ft., 
 nubes eum in c. sustulit, I-act. 4, 21 : 
 Vulg. (where the pi. coeli often occurs, 
 e.g. Phil, iii, 20: Hebr. iv. 14): Eccl. 
 Hence from ft., coelitus, Lact. : Amm. 
 (betier de coelo). 2. piorum sedes 
 [et locus]: Cic. Phil. 14, 12, J2 : cf. 
 Virg. sedes beatae, Aen. 6, 6J9. |||. 
 The heavenly powers : 1, siip6ri, 
 
 orum (strictly the gods above) : if I can- 
 not prevail on ft., / will move hell, flec- 
 tere si nequeo superos, Acheronta mo- 
 vebo, Virg. Aen. 7, ill. by h. and the 
 deities that ^l■itness to truth, per s. et 
 numina conscia veri, Virg. Aen. 2, 141. 
 2. dii, deorum : ft. forbid, dii me- 
 liora! Cic. Sen. 14, 47: thank ft. dis 
 gratia, Ter. Ad. i, 2, 41 : good h.s! pro 
 deum [divum] fidem : Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 
 2 1 : V. god. Phr.: bestowed on us by 
 ft., divinitus (not caelitus) ad nos dela- 
 tus, Cic. de Or. i, 46, 202 : to move ft. 
 and earth (have recourse to the extremest 
 measures), coelum ac terras miscere, 
 Liv. 4, J, ad init. : cf. supr. (Ill, \): by 
 ft. .' medius fidius, Cic. Fam. 5, 21 : Plin. 
 Jun. : the will o/'ft.,coelestium voluntas, 
 Cic. Phil. 4, 4, extr. 
 
 heaven-bom : coellgenus (cael.) : 
 Varr. (or simply divinus: v. divine). 
 
 heavenly : 1, coelestis, e (cael ) : 
 the A. powers, c, numina, Tib.: to con- 
 template ft. thi7igs, [supera atque] coe- 
 lestia cogitare, Cic. Acad. 2, 41, 127: 
 Vulg. 2. divinus: v. divine. Phr.: 
 
 the ft. bodies, sidera, Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69 : 
 cf. N. D. 2, 62, 155, circuuus solis et 
 lunae, reliquorumque siderum (coelestia 
 would include all the phenomena of the 
 heavens : Sen. N. Q. 2, init). 
 
 heavenly-minded: perh. qui coe- 
 
 lesiia sapit, sentit : cf Vulg. Rom. 
 viii. 5. 
 
 heavenwards : ad »r in coelum ; ad 
 coelum versus (coelo, dat. is poei. : 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 451) : v. towards. Some- 
 times sublimis may serve : cf. Liv. i, 
 16, extr., sublimis abiit : also in sublime, 
 cf Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141 : also sursum (as 
 In the early Christian motto, sursum 
 corda ! ) : v. upwabds. Phr.: to direct 
 one's thoughts ft., coelestia cogitare, Cic. : 
 
 v. HEAVENLY. 
 
 heavily : I. with great weight : 
 graviter: to fall ft., g. cadere, Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 448. Or expr. by circuml. : the 
 burden presses too h . upon the shoulders, 
 *urget praegrave onus humeros, cf Ov. 
 Her. 9, 98 ; praegravatos gerunt onere 
 humero.s cf. Liv. 7, 2j,fin. ||. Slowly 
 and awkwardly : larde ; to move some- 
 II hat ft., tardius ingredi, Cic. Tusc. i, ji, 
 75- III. Grievously: graviter: v. 
 
 grievously. 
 
 heaviness: I. Weight: gravi- 
 
 tas : /(. of arms, g. armorum, Caes. B. G. 
 
 5, 16: v. weight. II. Oppressiveness 
 (of the atmosphere) : crassitudo: v. den- 
 sity. III. As a physical sensation ; 
 a feeling of oppression ; expr. by gra- 
 vatus, gravis : the signs of fever are h. 
 of the head and eyes, signa febricitantis 
 gravatum caput, oculi compressi. Col. 6, 
 9,fi^- IV. Depression of spirit : 
 moestltia, animus afSictus, etc. : v. sad- 
 ness, despondency. V. Outness of 
 intellect : tarditas, h6b6tudo (ingenii) : 
 V. DULNESS. (Cic. has adeps by melon, 
 in this sense, Cat. j, 7, init.). 
 
 heavy : I. Having weight : 1, 
 gravis : Cic. : Virg. Exceedingly ft., 
 praegravis : Ov. : Plin. 2. pondero- 
 sus (of great weight) : very ft. stones, 
 ponderosissiml lapides, Plin. : Varr. (in 
 Cic. only fig.: v. weighty). ||. Ot 
 food ; slow to be digested : gravis 
 (= diflicilis ad concoquendum) : Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 9, 24. Ill, Of soils, close in 
 texture : spissus (close and forming stiff 
 clods): Virg. G. 2, 2j6: Pall. 2, IJ : 
 densus et glutinosus. Col. pref. m^d. 
 (robustum solum. Col. 1. c, is a soil with 
 strong productive pi operties). |V. Of 
 the air; oppressive: 1. crassus: (Ae 
 air of Thebes is h., Thebis c. coelum, 
 Cic. Fat. 4. 7. 2. pinguis : a ft., close 
 atmosphere, coelum pingue et concre- 
 tum, Cic. Div. i, 57, ijo. See also 
 DEKSE. V. •'>fc«' and clumsy : piger, 
 tardus (esp. in compar.) : v. slow, dull. 
 Fig.: ah. mind, pingue ingenium, Ov. 
 M. II, 148 : Cic. Fat. 4, 7. VI. Weighed 
 down by exhaustion, etc. : 1. gravis : 
 eyes ft. (from wine), g. oculi, Cic. in Sen. 
 
 6, I } : ft. uilh drink and slumber, vino 
 et somno g., Liv. 29, J4, 7ned. 2. gra- 
 vatus : eyes already ft. with death, oculos 
 jam morie gravatos, Ov. M. 4, 145 : Col. 
 Phr.; A. eyes, compressi oculi. Col. 6, 
 g,fin. VII- Oppressed, sad : afflictus, 
 aeger (animi), moestus, etc. : v. dis- 
 tressed, SAD. VIII- ^f ""a"'" snow; 
 coming down copiously : magnus : ft. 
 and constant rain, m. et assidui imljres, 
 Cic. Att. I}, 16; very ft. rain, maximus 
 imber, Cic. AlsoOv. has graves pluviae. 
 Fast. 2, 71. Other expr. more or less 
 poet, are, densissimus imber, Virg. G. i, 
 J J? ; effusi imbres (" deluges of rain "), 
 Virg. Aen. 5,69! : pluvia grandis, Man. 
 9, 98 : ingens, Virg. G. i, 325. |X. Of 
 artillery; large-sized: Phr.: A. ar- 
 tiUery, *tormenta majora. X. Of 
 roads: Phr.: a A road to drive, iter 
 junctis [sc. equis] grave et longum, Plin. 
 Ep. 2, 17, init. XI- Miscell. : to 
 buy at a A. price, impenso pretio parare 
 (emere), Caes. B. G. 4, 2 : Liv. (but imp. 
 pretio iu Cic. Att. 14, i} = pretio non 
 soluto) : ft. debts, grande (magnum) acs 
 alienum. Sail. Cat. 14 (v. debt): h. bread. 
 *panis spissus et gravis; parum levls 
 (cf. supr. 11,111): a ft. sea, fluctus in-
 
 HEAVY, TO BECOME 
 
 H E I NOUS 
 
 H fc L M fc, T 
 
 gens, vastus (v. wave); ingens pontus 
 (poeU). Virg. Aen. i, 114 a h. task, 
 maguae molis opus, cf. Liv. 25, 1 1 : V irg. 
 Aen. I, }}: ah. clap of tAunder, niag- 
 nus fragor, magna tonitrua, ct Liv. i, 
 16, init. : a h. Jail, gravis casus, Hor. 
 Od. 2. 10, 10: Kiv. 
 
 heavy, to become: ingravesco, ?(in 
 Clc. only fig., ti) bei:ume worse atid worse) : 
 I'lin. n. 1, J9. , , 
 
 heavy-armed : Ph r. : theh. troops, 
 
 gravior arriiatus, Liv. 26, 5, init. ; qui 
 gravi amiaiu sunt. cf. Liv. 57. 4'' •"''•• 
 gravis amiatura. Veg. (in Siewecb.) : v. 
 
 LIGHT- AKM ED. 
 
 hebdomadal : hebd6madaUs, e : Si- 
 don. (in y): v. wkkklv. 
 
 hebraism: *Hebraismus: only as 
 tech. term : Kniesti In Winer. 
 
 hebraisi; •qui literasHebraicas bene 
 novit; Hebr'aicarum lilerarum periius. 
 Good H.S, *qui satis Hebralce sciuni. 
 
 hebraize : Phr.. h.ing diction, 
 (sernio) Ht-braicam consuetudinem re- 
 ferens : Krnest. 
 
 hebrew (^"fe-' ) •• IvV^li'' S*"" 
 
 braeus (Kbraeus) a H. qf tfw. H.s, He- 
 braeus ex H., Vulg. Phil. lii. 5 : I>act. . 
 Tert. II. The language: Hebraca 
 lingua, H. I'iterae : .\ug. (but Hehralca 
 lingua would be more ace. to anal.). 
 P h r. : to speak H., Hebraice loqui (cf. 
 
 GBEEK); to know h., v. HEBRAIST. 
 
 hecatomb: hScatombe, es: Varr.: 
 also, hecatomblon, Sidon. 
 
 hectic: pert- febrlculosus : v. F£> 
 
 VERISH. 
 
 hector ("•) •• to boast, bullv. 
 hectoring (<wy)- 1. gionosus: 
 
 esp. in phr., mile» g., Cic. Am. 2&, 98 : 
 PI. 2 Tdrasoniunus : v. bllly. 
 
 hedge {subs.): 1. sepes (saep.), 
 is,/, (often but not necessarily of grow- 
 ing wood =s. viva, CoL II, J): Vhg. K. 
 1,54: Pall. I, J4: Col. 2. sepmien- 
 lum naturale {quick-set) : Varr. R. R. 
 
 1, 14- v. FENCE. 
 
 hedge ("•) •" sepio ; sepimento cmgo : 
 
 V. TO FENCE. 
 
 hedgehog : ennaceus, Plin. : also, 
 ericius, Varr. ; echinus (Gr. ex'*^)' 
 Hor. ; Plin. . 
 
 hedge-sparrow: *motacilla(Lmn.); 
 curruca (Ray). 
 
 heed (subs.) ; chiefiy in phr. to take 
 h.. curare, cavere, prospicere : v. cake 
 
 (TO TAKE). 
 
 heed ("•) ■ Obedio, 4 : V. TO oBEi'. To 
 ri'tuse to h., negligo: v. to disregakd. 
 heedful : cautus, circumspectus : v. 
 
 CABEFCl- 
 
 heedless ; 1. incautus, Indlngens : 
 V. CAREi.i->iS. 2. t^merarius : V. BECK- 
 
 U.SS, RASH. 
 
 heedlessly: 1. incaute, mdili- 
 genter: v. oarelesslt. 2. temere 
 {in a headlong, inconsiderate uat/) : 
 Join: teniere et nuUo consilio, Cic. 
 Inv. I, 34, 58; inconsulte ac temere, Cic. 
 
 N. I). 1, 16. 45 : V. INCONSIDERATELY. 
 
 heedlessness: negligentia, indill- 
 
 gentia; v. CABELF.SSNESS. 
 
 heel {subs.) • cal.x, as,/, (rarely m.) : 
 to light with fists, with. h.s, pugnis, c. 
 pugnare, Oic. Phr.: tv beat an 1/ one's 
 h.s, alicujus vestigiis instare, Liv. 2-j, 12, 
 med.: more precisely, alicujus vestigia 
 caloare. Sen. (>jnir. 5. Jo. »'"<■ (vestiglis 
 sequi, is to tread in any one's steps, 
 whether lit. or fig.): to take to the h.s, 
 se in pedes conjicere, Tir. Pb. 1,4, ij; 
 of soldiers, terga dare, Caes. B. G. i, 5J; 
 praecipites sese fugae maiidare, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 24 (both less colloq. than Eng.) : 
 anemlfoUoiHngclosecttlteU.sof another, 
 malum alteri malo contiii'-tis, cf. Liv. 5, 
 J9, med. : to trip up uRV one's h.s, sup- 
 planiare allquem, Cic. Off. J, 10, 42; to 
 kick up one's h. (fig.), exsultare [gaiidio, 
 laetitia, etc.], cf. Cic. Clu. 5, 14, exsul- 
 tare laetiiia ac triumphare gaudio : also 
 Rep. I, 40 (less colloq. than Eng.): to 
 tumbU liead over h.s, ire praecipiteni 
 per caputque pedesque, Cat. 17, 9 (v. 
 HFjvDLOSG): to be out at the h.s (fig.), 
 •minus fiorenti fortuna uti (?). 
 
 heel {^■): in Pt""- to h. over (of a 
 ■hip), in latus inclinari (R. and A.). 
 
 heft: manubrium: v. hanhle. 
 
 hegira : *hegira quae dicitur, fertur. 
 
 heifer : t>os femina : Varr. R. K. 2, 
 ; : or bos alone, when a ft-m. adj. occurs : 
 two, Ihrte-ytar old h.s, (Ixives) biniae, 
 trimae, Varr. 1. c. : a h. nilh calf, (bos) 
 borda, Varr. I.e.: Virg. A young h. 
 (a siaee beyond vitula), juvenca, Varr. 
 i. c. : Virg. : Hor. 
 
 heigh-ho : P^rh. vah 1 cf. Tcr. Heaut. 
 4, 8. 1 7 : or hei ! cf. Ter. Andr. I. i , 46 : 
 
 V. ALAS. 
 
 height : I. Elevation above the 
 
 ground : 1, altltudo (most gen. term) : 
 Cic: Caes. 2. excelsitas (great h.: 
 rare): Plin.: v. loftiness. 3. pro- 
 cerltas: v. tallness. Phr.: toanim- 
 mmte h., In Immensum (e. g. ediius), 
 SalL Jug. 92: Ov. II. An tUvat^d 
 place: 1. siip6rior 16cus (a position 
 commanding the adjacent country ; esp. 
 in mllit. sense) : to take possession of 
 the h.s, loca s. occupare, Caes. B. G. i, 
 10: et passim. 2. locus edlius: v. 
 eminence (L). 3. arx, cis,/. (usu. a 
 fortified height : v. citadel : also poet, 
 of other elevations): those blissful h.s 
 (of Tarentum), beatae a., Hor. Od. 2, 6, 
 22 : the fiery h.s (of heaven) Igneae a., 
 Hor. Od. }, i, 10. 4. specula (strictly 
 for observation ; a "specular mount: ' 
 hence any lofty ft.) : to descry the coming 
 tto)-nifrom some h., ex aliqua s. tempes- 
 tatem prospicere, Cic. Kam. 4. j : from 
 the soaring mountain's h., aijrii specula 
 de montis, Virg. E. 8, 59- 5. cacu- 
 men, inis, n. : v. stjmmit. 6. jugum 
 (strictly a mountain ridge; also of 
 mountain heights in general) : while the 
 boar shall haunt Die mountain h.s, dum 
 juga montis aper amablt, Virg. E. 5, 
 76 : the h.s of Famassiis. I'indus, Par- 
 nassi, Pindi jnga, ib. 10, 1 1 : cf. Cic. de Or. 
 3, 19, init. Ph r. : th is mder (the senate) 
 is as it were exposed i/n a ft., est hie ordo 
 quasi propositus alque editus in altum, 
 Cic. Verr. },4i,/n. \\l £levated po- 
 sition or rank : fastigium : v. eminence 
 (IL). IV. l^tmost degree ; exp. by 
 summua : it is the ft. of tcisdom, folly, 
 etc., summae est sapientiae, dementiae, 
 etc. : V. extreme (subs, and adj.). 
 heighten: I. l-'t- '« '■«^« 
 
 higher : expr. by altior and a verb : io 
 ft. a wall, *muruni altiorem exaedifi- 
 care, efferre. ||. To augment, en- 
 hance ; to increase the effect of anything 
 said or done : 1. inceiido, di, sum, j 
 (strictly, to kirulle, cause to bum more 
 brightly) : to A. any mie's desire, cupi- 
 ditatem alicujus in., Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 
 init. : to ft. our guilt, in. vitia nostra. 
 Sen. Brev. Vit. 16, } : he h.'d the effect 
 of what he said by tears, incendebat 
 haec fletu, Tac. A. i, 2j. 2. ampU- 
 fico, I (to set off by effective language) : 
 toh. (anyone's) glory, gloriani a. (opp. 
 to minuere). Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 5- Join: 
 diceiulo amplificare atque ornare, Clc. 
 Or. I, 51, 221. 3. exaggfiro, i (like 
 amplifico, but used both in good and 
 bad sense): to duell upon, set off, ft. 
 i«fta« is good, aliquid boni amplecti, ex- 
 oniare, ex., Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 292 : to ft. 
 the wrong dtnte to us, ex. injuriam nos- 
 tram, Quint. 6, 2, 23. Join: exagge- 
 rare et amplificare [oratioiiem], Cic. de 
 Or ?, 27, 10;. phr. ; to ft. o/oi'OT^r, 
 grutiam, Plin. Ep. }, i, 7. See also 
 to aggravate 
 
 heightening (subs.): expr. by 
 verb: V. preced. art. Or as rhetor, lecli. 
 terms, ampllticatio, Cic. : Quint. ; exag- 
 gCratio, yuint. : comp. verb. 
 
 heinous : 1. atr"''- ocis (applicable 
 to such crimes as involve crueltu or blooii- 
 vfted) • o ft. crime, a. facinus, Tac. A. 4, 
 45- Liv. Join: (res) scelesta, atrox, 
 nefaria, Cic. R. Am. 22, 62. ,2. "cHi- 
 rius. iiefandus (contrary to all divme 
 or natural lair) : v. abominable. 3. 
 foediis (revolting) : v. focl (li.). 4. 
 flagitiosus : v. scandalous. (N.K— 
 Sometimes facinus, scelus, may suffice 
 without an adj. : cf. Cic, Verr. ;, 66, 
 170 V. crime). Phr.: «•> A. a crime, 
 tantum facinus. Sail JuK. !5; slmly., 
 how ft., quantum f-, Cic. Cat. 4, j, 6. 
 2 B 
 
 heinously : atrocTter, Salt 
 ' heinousness: atrocitas: ft. of oon- 
 duct, rei a., Clc. QuIiiL 16, 51 ; facti &., 
 Cic inv. 2,16,51. Phr.: to heighten 
 the h. of Climes, "facinora exaggerando 
 incendere : v. to heighten. 
 
 heir : bgres. &lis, c. ; to leave any 
 one A. by u-Ul, aliquem b. ex leslamento 
 relinquere, Cic. Quint. 4. 14: more freq. 
 simply, h. facere, with or without tesla- 
 mento, Clc. (llie Irequent. lactllare h., 
 Clc. Phil. 2, 16, 41, denotes the repeated 
 promise 10 make any one A.) ; insiituere 
 (a more fonnally legal expr.), Cic. Clu. 
 7, 22 : Dig. Sole ft., h. ex asse. Quint. 
 7, I, 20 (but we find also the more em- 
 phatic anil less tech. expr., bcres omnibus 
 bonis institutus, Plin. 7, j6, }6 : h. ex 
 liljella in Cic. Att. 7. 2, 3, is of very 
 doubtful meaning): simly., with the 
 : fractions of the as, A. to one-half, one- 
 thiid, h. ex semisse, ex trieme (cf. L. G. 
 5 929) : but also h. ex dimidia parte, 
 tertia parte, CMc Fam. 1 3, 2C), meji. H. 
 in reversion (i. e. in case oj failure (• 
 inherit on the part of the heirs), secundus 
 h.. Cic. (v. Diet. Ant. s. v.). 
 
 heir-apparent: ht^res suus- ^- 'egi- 
 
 timus: cf. L'Ip. Dig. 38. 16, 1. 
 
 heiress : heres, edis : Cic. Verr. 2, I, 
 43, III. (Ace. to Charis. i, 79, heres 
 takes a nia.sc. adj., even when used of a 
 woman : " nemo secundani heredem dicil 
 sed masculine.") 
 
 heirloom: expr. by hfreditarius: 
 cf. Liv. 21, J, "[cui] hereditarii relicti 
 sint exeri itus nos'ri." 
 
 heirship : hereditas: v. inheritance. 
 
 heliacal: •beiiacus (Gr. ^auix<k): 
 
 Forcell. (iluss. 
 
 heliacally: *soli8 respectu; soli* 
 ratione babita. 
 
 hell : 1. Rchenna : Vulg. Mall. v. 
 30: Hier. : Tert. 2. inferi, orum 
 
 (strictly, the infernal gods or regions, of 
 paganism) : tlie road that leads to A., 
 via quae ad inf. (opp. to coeliini) de- 
 primat, Lact. 6, j, init. : cf. Cic Tusc 
 I, 5, 10. 3. infemus (= Hades) : Vulg. 
 Apoc. XX. 14: "frequenter usurpatur a 
 Christianis theologis," Forcell. Also 
 neut. pi. inferna (sc. loca) : L:ict 6, j, 
 med. 4. expr. by circuml., fcelera- 
 lorum sedes, regio: Cic. Clu. 61, 171: 
 cf. Sail. Cat. 52, med. 
 
 hellebore: 1. veratrum (the 
 
 Italian name: Plin. 25. 5, 21 i 51): 
 Lucr. 2. helieb6rus(rtelleboru8(Gr. 
 eAAeSopo?- the name more freq. used) : 
 Virg.: Hor.: Plin. 1. c (the latter uses 
 the lieut. form helleboruni): Gell. 3. 
 metoii. Anticyra (o place vhere A. 
 abounded) : to swalloiv undduted A., 
 Anticyras sorbere meracas, I'ers. 4, 16: 
 cf. Hor. A. P. !00. 
 
 hell-hound: perh. fiiria. trmnys: 
 
 V. FUKY. . , 
 
 hellenic : *Hellenicus (only as ethnol. 
 term\ Graecus : v. Grecian. 
 
 hellenism : •Hellenismus (only as 
 crii. teniO : cf. Winer, N. L Gr. p. 26. 
 
 hellenist: •Hellenlsta: cf. Winer, 
 X. r Gr. p. 26 
 
 hellish • *infemus, diibClicns : v. 
 infeknal, "devilish. (Usu. belter ne- 
 fandus, nefarius, Immanls: v. abomi- 
 nable, MONSTROUS.) , ,K 
 
 helm- I of a ship: 1. piher- 
 nacSum": to take the A., ad g. accedere, 
 Clc Inv. 2, 51. 154; gubernaculo subire, 
 Virg. A en. 5. I ^^^ ^ i g. (usu pi): to 
 seize, sit at the k. of staU, guberoacuU 
 reipublicae prendire. Cic a.l Br. 2, I ; 
 ad gubernacula reip. sedere. Cic. R. Am. 
 18 !i: to <iuit llie A., a gubeniaculls 
 recedere, Cic. Kam. '<>•*■!=»''*"• J""; 
 2 clavus {the handle of the A.) : he 
 sit.': as'teni. holding the \., c leiiens ^det 
 in piippi. Cic. Sen. 6. 17. Fig.: to A«W 
 the ft of so vast an .mipi'-.;. c tanli im- 
 perii tenere [et guberimcula tractare], 
 
 Cic Sext. 9. •"<•'■ .^■'' "l!^ HEAD (to 
 
 be at the). ||. /Wmet : v full. art. 
 helmet: 1- ^'^^'*' '<''^ <• ("/ 
 
 m-tal : I'wn bu Roman vaiairy) : cf. 
 Caes. R <i. 1. 45= Hirt. Poet, cassida. 
 ae: Virg. A.n. 11.7:5: I^«P- 2. 
 
 galea (strictly of skin; cl. Hablclit.
 
 HELMET KD 
 
 HEN-PECKED 
 
 HERD 
 
 No. 224 : also in gen. sense) : breast- 
 plates and h.s of bfonze, luricae g.que 
 aeueae, Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 97 : Caes. B. G. 
 2, 21 : Virg. 3. cfido or cudon, onis, 
 m. (said to have been of leather, and 
 worn by the velites) : cf. Haincht, No. 
 224. 
 
 helmeted: galeatus: Cic N. D. I, 
 36, 100. 
 
 helmsman : 1. gubemator :_ Cic. 
 Sen. 6, 17: Virg. 2. rector navis: 
 
 CSc. I>iv. I, 14, 24: cf. Virg. Aen. ;, 
 T76. (Or e.xpr. by circuml , qui ad gubcr- 
 naculuin sedet, qui clavum tenet : v. 
 
 HELM.) 
 
 helots : Helotes, utn : Nep. Pans, j ; 
 Ilotae, arum: Liv. 54, 27. (Or "EtAiures, 
 'EiAiirai.) The sing, may be e.\pr. by 
 unus, quidam ex Helotibus, etc. 
 
 help (subs.) : auxilium, opis (no 
 nom.) : v. ASstsTANXE. 
 
 help (f •) •■ I. To furnish aid : 
 
 jiivo, adjuvo, subvgnio, succurro, etc. : v. 
 TO ASSIST. See also to contribute (II.), 
 FACILITATE. Phr. : so h. me God, ita, 
 tne di (bene) anient, Ter. Ph. i, }, i; : 
 medius fidius, Cic. : Plin. jun. ||. To 
 
 serve with portions of food : 1. por- 
 
 rigo, rexi, ctum, j: Hor. S. i, 8, jo: 
 Petr. J4. 2. divido, vlsi, sum, } : 
 Petr. j{ ; 40, extr. 3. carpo, j (io cut 
 up) : V. TO CARVE. Phr.: we h. our- 
 selves to the choicest things, res electissi- 
 mas aggredimur, Petr. }(>. \\\, To 
 
 avoid, precent: Phr.: I can't h. ex- 
 claiminy, non possum quin exclamem, 
 PI. in Cic. de Or. 2, 10, jg; but facere 
 non possum quin, is more usual, Cic. 
 Att. 12, 27: wJtat can't be h.'d, quid- 
 quid currigere est nefas, Hor. Od. i, 24, 
 ixtr. ; it can't be h.'d, fieri non potest 
 aliter, Cic. Att. 6, 6, 4 
 
 help (interj.) : ferte auxilium ! sub- 
 venite ! Ter. Ad. 2, i, in if. 
 
 helper: 1. adjator: Cic: Caes. 
 Jfem. adjutrix, Cic 2. auxlliator: 
 Quint. : Tac. 
 
 helpful : fitilis : v. useful. More 
 precisely expr. by auxilio (L. G. § 2(^7) : 
 he could not possibly have been nu/re h. 
 to me, *mihi auxilio majori non potuit 
 esse quam fuit. 
 
 helping (adj.): Phr.: to lend ah 
 hand, manum dare, yuint. 2, j, 7 ; ad- 
 juvare : v. ro assist. 
 
 helpless : 1. inops, opis : to suc- 
 cour the h., inopi siiccurrere, T'er. Ad. 2, 
 I, init. : Cic. 2. inermis, e (without 
 arms) : v. defenceless. 3. iners, 
 rtis {without strength or vigour : poet, 
 in tills sense) : h. beasts (opp. to such as 
 the bear, lion), in. pecora, Virg. .\en. 4, 
 158: Phaedr. i, 2, 26. 
 
 helplessly : expr. by Inops : cf. L. G. 
 ^ W- 
 
 helplessness : 1, inopia (the state 
 of one without meaiis or resources) : fee- 
 bleness and h., imbecillitas atque in., 
 Cic. Am. 8, init. 2. expr. by inops: 
 
 pity my h., *inopis (mei, hominis) mise- 
 rere ! V. HELPLESS. 
 
 helpmeet : *consors atque acljutrix. 
 
 helter-skelter : expr. by praeceps : 
 
 V. HEADLONG. 
 
 helve : manubrium : v. handle. 
 
 hem (subs.) : ora (i. e. border) : " orae, 
 vestimentorum extremae partes;" Fest. 
 s. V. (limbus is a stripe on the border; 
 or a fringe). 
 
 hem (''■) •• I. To seiv the border 
 of fabiics: perh. circumsuo, j (to seiv 
 round): (R. and A.). ||. Fig.: to 
 encompass : to hem in : 1, circum- 
 s6ileo, sedi, sessum, 2 : to come to the 
 aid of titiops h.'d in, circumsessis upeni 
 ferre, Liv. 25, 22, med. : Cic. Join: 
 circumsedere atque oppugnare, Liv. ?, 
 5, meii. 2. circumvallo, i (by en- 
 
 trenchments) : cf. Liv. 2;, 22, non cir- 
 cunisessi modo, sed drcumvallati : 
 which same sense may be expr. by 
 vallo circumsedere, Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 
 extr. 3. obsideo, 2 : v. to beset, 
 Bi/)CKADE. 4. claudo, si, sura, j (esp. 
 of rivers, vMuntains, etc., which shut an 
 army in) : on the right and tlie left two 
 teas 4. (us) in, dextra laevaque duo 
 maria c, Liv. 21, 4; : to h. an army in, 
 
 no 
 
 by taking advantage of the ground, ad- 
 versaries locorum angustiis c, Nep. Dat. 
 8, fin. : Virg. |||, To make the sound 
 hem ! screo, i (to clear the throat) : PI. 
 Phr.: to h. and hah, nearest word perh. 
 haesitare, Cic. : v. to hk itate. 
 
 hem (i'nttrj.) : hem I ehem ! PI. : Ter. 
 
 hemisphere : hemisphaerium (Gr. 
 r)iJii<j^aip(.ov) : Varr. : Macr. (Or bj' 
 circuml., globi s. sphaerae pars dimidia.) 
 
 hemistich : henjistichium (Gr. jjij.!.- 
 tTTi\iov): Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 
 
 hemlock: dcuia: I'lin 25, ij, 95: 
 the fell h. draught, sorbitio dira cicu- 
 tae, Pers. 4, 2 : Ov. 
 
 hemorrhage : haemorrliagia (Gr. 
 alfioppayiu) : to stop h., h. sisiere, Plin. 
 2J, 6, 67. 
 
 hemorrhoids : haemorrhois, idis, /. 
 (Gr. ai/iioppois) ; Plin. 2J, 7, 71 (Cels. 
 has the Gk. form, and employs the cir- 
 cuml., ora venai-um taiiquam capitulis 
 surgentia, quae .sanguinem tundunt, 6, 
 18, 9: to cure h., ora venarum fundentia 
 siinguinem toUere, id. 7, jo, j). 
 
 hemp: cannabis, is,./'.: Varr.: Plin.: 
 less Ireq. cannabus, i, m. : Pall. 
 
 hempen: cannablnus: h. ropes, c. 
 funes. Col. : Varr. Phr.: ah. rope, 
 e cannabi funis, Plin. 19, 2, 8. 
 
 hemp-field : cannabetnm : Inscr. in 
 Foicell. 
 
 hemp-nettle : gaieopsis, is,/. ; Piin. 
 27. 9- 57- 
 
 hen : |. The female of the domestic 
 fowl : gallina: to put ducks' eggs under 
 h.s, anatum ova gallinis supponere, Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 48, 124: Varr.: Col. A lieeperof 
 h.s, gallinarius : \'arr. : Cic. Adj. gal- 
 linaceus, belonging to hens : a h. s egg, 
 ovum g., Cato : Varr. ||. The female 
 of any bird: femina: v. female (sw6«.). 
 
 hen-bane : hyoscyamus, i, m. (the 
 plant or its decoction) : Cels. : Plin. 
 Made from h., hyoscyanunus, Plin. 
 
 hence : I. from this place : hinc : 
 Ter. : Cic. As interj., prucul : h. ye 
 profane, procul, procul esle profani ! 
 Virg. Aen. 6. 258: Ov. : or expr. by 
 verb: h. with you, hinc vos amolimini ! 
 T^r. Andr. 4, 2, 24 (abi is mostly used 
 in imprecations or facetd^^t< along '.) : 
 apage te (no pi), Ter. Eun. 5, 2. ^5. 
 II. From this time: Phr.: a few 
 dai/s h., paucis diebus, Cic. Fani. 2, 7, 2: 
 Nep. Hann. 10; in paucis diebus, Front, 
 ad M. Caes. ; non post multos hos dies, 
 Vulg. Act. i. 5 (but his diebus paucis is 
 within thfse few days past : Cic. Verr. 
 Act. I, 6,/n.). Ill, In causative sense, 
 consequently : 1. hinc : h. arose trea- 
 sons, h. the downfalls of states, h. patriae 
 prodiiiones, h. rerumpublicarum ever- 
 siones nasci, Cic. Sen. 12, 40 : h. these 
 tears, h. illae lacrymae ! Ter. (N.B.— 
 Hinc is not used to introduce conclu- 
 sions: V. infr.) 2. ita (in logical 
 conclusions) : hence it results that I ..., 
 ita fit ut ego, etc., Cic Quint. 2, 8 : cf. 
 id. Off. J, 15, init. 3, expr. by ex 
 quo (the l^t. lang. using the rel. as a 
 copulative) : v. whence. 4. inde : 
 V. thence. 
 
 henceforth \ 1, posthac: v. 
 
 henceforward )Heheafter. 2. 
 dgliinc : h. I blot out all wimien fnrm 
 viij mind, deleo omnes d. ex animo mu- 
 lieres, I'er. Eun. 2, i, ;. 3. proiiide 
 (lienceforward then ; in appeals) : h. 
 then cease to speak of Saguntum, p. 
 omittite Sagunti mentionem facere, Liv. 
 21, 18, fin. : V. wherefore. 
 
 hen-coop : cavea (ony cage) : Cic. 
 N. 1). 2, i, 7 (h.-coops appy were not 
 used by fanners : cf. Col. 8, i). 
 
 hendecasyllabics : hendg-asyiiabi, 
 
 orum : Cat. : Plin. jun. 
 
 hendiadys : hendiadys, indecl. : a 
 barbarous word (=ec Sia. Svolv) used 
 by Serv. on Aen. i, 61. 
 
 hen-house : gallinarium : Col. 8, }, 
 init. (who has the pi.). 
 
 hen-pecked (part, adj.) .- Phr.: a 
 h. husband, perh. maritus uxori ob- 
 noxi'is : cf. Per. Hec j, i, 22 ; cui uxor 
 imperat, leges praescribit, jubet, vetat, 
 quod videtur: cf. Cic. Par. 5, j, init. 
 (K. and A.). 
 
 hen-roost : tabtllata, orum (sc. orni- 
 thonis. gdlliiiarii)rum : the roosting place 
 rising step b;/ step : cf. scala gallinarla, 
 Cels. 8, 15, med.) : Col. 8. } : Varr. i, 5, 
 ad init. Or perh. perticae : cf. Col. 1. c. 
 
 hepatic : liepatlcus : Plin. (Cels. bag 
 the Gk. form, riKariKoV 4, 8, init.). 
 
 heptagon : *heptagOnum (after the 
 anal, of pentagonum, Auct. de Limit., 
 p. 257, Goes.). 
 
 heptagonal : * heptagonus, septan- 
 giilus. 
 
 heptarchy : *heptarchia, quae dicitur. 
 
 her (adj. pron.) : 1. expr. by gen. 
 of ea, hacc, etc. : v. she. 2. suu 
 
 (referring to the subject): cf. L. G 
 $} j6o sqq. N.B.— Comp. hls. 
 
 herald (subs.) .- l. fgtialis, is, m. 
 (only used ot the college of hei-alds at 
 Rome) : to do violence to a h. contrary 
 to the law of nations, f. conira jus gen- 
 tium violare, Liv. 9, 10, extr. The word 
 is also used as adj.. whence legatus 
 fetialis, in same sense, Liv. 9, u, ad 
 Jin. ; jus feliale (the bo<ly of laws re- 
 specting h.s), Cic. Off. I, II, j6. 2. 
 legatus (envoy): cf Liv. i, j2, where 
 the word is used ^fetialis. 3. cadii- 
 ceator, caduceus (bearer of the h.'s staff) : 
 a h. had come from the king (Philip), 
 c. ab lege venerat, Liv. j2, }2: Curt. 
 4. praeco (a crier) : the h.s of the 
 gymnastic games, p. ludorum gymni- 
 corum, Cic. Kam. 5, 12, fin. Fig.: the 
 h. of valour (Homer), virtutis pr., Cic. 
 Arch. 10, 24. 
 
 herald (<'•) ■■ nuntio, i : v. to an- 
 nul' nce. 
 
 heraldic : Phr.: without any h. 
 distinctiims, sine uUis majorum ima- 
 ginibus (strictly busts). Suet. Vesp. 1. 
 
 heraldry: I. I'he science: *doc- 
 trina insignium gentiliciorum. ||. 
 
 Melon., ancestral honours : " the boast 
 of h.," *omamenta s. decora patria, here- 
 ditaria: v. hereditarv. 
 
 herb : 1. herba (any kind of 
 
 plant): Cic: Hor. Abounding in h.s, 
 herbosus, Cato : Virg. Dimin., herbula, 
 Cic. : Sen. 2. olus, eris (collect, or 
 
 pi.: pot-herbs): v. vegetable, gbeen 
 (subs.). 
 
 herbaceous : perh. herbescens : cf. 
 Cic. Sen. 15, 51, herbescens viridiias (re- 
 ferring to the blade of corn). Or expr. 
 by circuml. : *herbae naturam babens. 
 
 herbage : 1. herbae, arum ; Virg. 
 
 G. I, 90 Ov. : v. HERB, GRASS. 2. 
 
 griimen, inis, n. (as collect, or pi., in this 
 sense chiefly poet.) : fed on poisonous 
 h., mala gramina pastus, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 471 : on the tough (tangled) h., in tenaci 
 gr., Hor. Epod. 2, 2, 24. Phr.: what- 
 ever h. there is (for cattle), si quid 
 pabuli est, Liv. 21, 57 ; regions destitute 
 of h., loca nuda gignenlium (rare), Sail. 
 Jug. 79: in wliich sense nudus is used 
 absol., cf. Liv. 1. c. 
 
 herbal : perh. *herbarum [medica- 
 rum] liber. 
 
 herbalist: herbarius: Plin. 25,1^,109. 
 
 herbarium : * hortus siccus, qui 
 dicitur. 
 
 herbivorous: *gramTnivorus(scient. 
 t. t.). H. animals, herbariae (sc. ferae): 
 Inscr. in Forcell. 
 
 herculeSi by : mehenules, meher- 
 ciile, mehercle : Cic. : v. Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 herd (subs.): j. of cattle: 1. 
 grex, grggis, m. (most gen. term) : h.s 
 of large cattle, g. armentorum, Cic. Phil. 
 J, 12, extr.; g. armenticii, Varr. R. K. 
 2, 10 : h.s of swine, g. porcorum, Juv. 
 Fig.: a pig of Epicurus' h., Epicuri de 
 g. porcus, Hor. Ep. i, 4, extr. Fertain- 
 ing to h.s, gregalis, e, Varr. Plin. ; 
 gregarius : Col. : Plin. In h s, grggatim : 
 Col. : Plin. 2. armentum (stricil.y 
 
 a ploughing beast ; v. supr. : hence a 
 h. of oxen or otiter large animals) : 
 whole h.s (of deer), tola a., Virg. Aen. i, 
 185 : h.s of baboons, a. cynocephaloruin, 
 Plin. Abounding in h.s (or oxen), ar- 
 montosissimus, Gell. II, I. ||, of per- 
 sons, contemptuously : vulgus, i, m. and 
 n. : to scorn the jealous h., malignum 
 spernere v., Hor. Od. 2, 16, extr.: v. 
 multitude.
 
 HERD 
 
 HESITANCY 
 
 HEW 
 
 herd ("•) •■ congrSgor, i : v. to flock 
 
 TOGETHKR. 
 
 herdsman : 1. p^'^to'" (S'-a- term 
 
 for all Kftpt^s of flocks or herds) : cf. 
 Varr. 2, 10, inil. 2. armeiitarius (o/' 
 large cuttlf: st. pastor): Varr. K. K. 2, 
 5,. /in. : Lucr. 
 
 here: I. in this place : hlc: Ter. : 
 Cic. : Virg. riir. : to be A., adesse (v. 
 PKKSKNT, TO UK) : k. Iir. is, h. she is, 
 eccum ! cecum ! I'er. past. : h. am I 
 rea/ly to do it for you, ecce me qui id 
 faciam vobis, Ter. Ad. eztr. See also 
 HAND (at). II. In phr. here and 
 
 there : 1. passim {scattered about, in 
 every direction) : they had taken up their 
 position h. ami there, without ordtrr, luil- 
 lis ordinibus p. consederant, Caes. B. C. 
 2, J8 : V. HiTiiKU (and ihitbcr). 2. 
 expr. by rams (implying fewness : one 
 "here and tluire"): a few cottages h. 
 and there, rara domorum tecta, Virg. 
 Aen. 8,98: Caes.. v. ff.w. 3. e.'<pr. 
 by circuml., nonnuUis (complurlbus) in 
 locis (Implying more or Uss rarity) : v. 
 30ME. III. In dialogue = »^on (/ti's ; 
 
 hie : V. HKBEUl'ON. 
 
 hereabouts : hie alicubi : Ter. Ad. 
 J, 4, 7 ; Cic. 
 
 hereafter (adr.) .- |. In ordinary 
 sense : 1, posthac (with rot. to tmie 
 
 foWnuing cbtse upon the present) : Cic. 
 Cat. J, 12, 28: Hor. 2. aiiquando 
 
 {at some time, probably distant) : I do 
 not despair of some one arising h., non 
 despero fore aliquem aliquando, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 21, 95: cf. Ter. Heaui. j, 2,40. 
 3. olini (like preced., but chufly 
 poet. : more freq. =formerlij, q. v.) : to 
 remember these things h., haec ol. memi- 
 nisse, Virg. Aen. i, 20? : Cic. (once in 
 this sense, Att. 11, 4). 4, 'n '£''■■ 
 
 quum, posterura [tempus] : v. future. 
 II. With ref. to a future state : post 
 mortem ; quum quis e corpore excesse- 
 rit : Cic. Tuse. i, 11. 
 
 hereafter {subs.) .- Phr.: to d^ny 
 an h., cum corporibus animos interire, 
 atque omnia morte deleri disserere, Cic. 
 Am. 4, init. : comp. preced. art. 
 
 hereat : Wc : v. hereupon-. 
 
 hereby : ex hoc, ex hac re : v. 
 
 FROM. 
 
 hereditament : res hereditaria : V. 
 hekeditaby. 
 hereditarily : 1. jure heredi- 
 
 tario : Flor. j, ij, extr. (but the expr., 
 like hereditate, includes all cases of 
 inheritance, whether by descmt or other- 
 wise). 2. (more precisely) per suc- 
 cessiones : to be transmitted h. (of dis- 
 eases), per sue. tradi, Plln. Ep. i, 12, 4: 
 Plin. alt. 12, I J, ?o. 
 
 hereditary: 1. hgredltarius : an 
 h. name, uomen h., Cic. Rep. 6, 11 : to 
 claim tlie throne as h., imperium h. 
 vindicare, Curt. 10, "j. Jin. : cf. Liv. 21, 
 3, fin. (but the word is used with ref. to 
 any thing inherited). 2. patemus, 
 avUus {received from fathers, fore- 
 fathers, or ancestors) : as it were, h. 
 hatred, velut hereditate relictum pater- 
 num odium, Nep. Hun. i : h. virtues, 
 bona paterna et avita, Cic. Coel. l4,./i«. : 
 Hor. : V. ancestral. 3. patrius (rare 
 in this sense ^ patemus) ; I'lin. : Sil. 
 A7ih.plotifland,hereii\um: Varr. R. R. 
 I, 10: I'lin. Phr.: an h. complaint, 
 morbus per successiones traditus : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 herein {adv.) .- 1. in hoc, in hac 
 re : suppose that h. I am in error, fac 
 in hoc errare me, Cic. Caec. 11, }z. 
 Sinily., in eo : Cic. Phil. 2, 9, extr. 2. 
 Sometimes expr. by a rel. clause : h. 
 they seem to me to be greatly in error, 
 quod haec pulant . . ., valde mihi viden- 
 tur errare, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 8j. 
 
 be'-esiarcti : Icieresiarcha: Aug. 
 
 heresy : 1. •haergsis, is, /. (Gr. 
 atpeo-is- in Cic. = seit. Par. pref. 2) : 
 Aug.: Tert. 2. (pme Lat.) falsa, 
 
 prava opinio : v. false. 
 
 heretic • liaereti.iis; Tert.: Hier. 
 
 heretical : 1. baeretlcus (only in 
 theol. sense) : Arat in Foreell. 2. 
 (pure Lat.) falsus. pravus: v. false, 
 ■WRONG {atlj). 
 
 heretically : haeretice, false, prave : 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 hereupon: '"t: esp. in dialogue or 
 narration : Cic. puss. 
 
 herewith: una cum hac re: v. with. 
 
 heritage : heredllas : V. inheritance. 
 
 hermaphrodite: L andrOgynus, 
 
 i, m. ; (Jic. Uiv. i, 4}, 98. 2. Her- 
 
 maphroditus, i, m.: cf. Plin. ■;, }, J, gig- 
 nuntur et iitriusque sexus, quos H. 
 vocaiiiMs, i,lim andiiigynos vocatos. 3. 
 sCiiiiiii:i>, iiiaiis. "(. ; Liv. ji, 12: Ov. 
 
 hermeneutical : perh. *henneneu- 
 
 Itcus : as .^cieiit. t. t. 
 
 henneneutics : * interpretationis 
 
 ratio. 
 
 hermetically: Phr.: h. sealed, 
 
 *tam arete clausus ut ne aeri quidem 
 aditus pateat. 
 
 hermit: 1. eremita (eprjMtTT)?) : 
 Sulp. Ser. 2. anachOrcia (ai'avu)- 
 
 p))T^s' one who retires Inun the worla): 
 Sulp. Ser. : Sid. : also in later times writ- 
 ten anchortta ("anchorite"). Ace. 10 
 Foreell. (ex Sulp. Ser.), the eremita had a 
 definite altode in solitude; the anachoreta 
 wandered abroad. 3. (pure Lat.) 
 
 homo soUtarius ; vitam in agro agens 
 (a recluse) : Cic. Off. 2, 11, }<). 
 
 hermitage : sceessus : v. retreat. 
 
 See also monastkrv. 
 
 hem : v. heuon. 
 
 hernia : 1. hernia (incltiding va- 
 rious kinds of rupture) : Cels. ■;, 18, med. 
 2. ramex, icis, m. (strictly a species 
 of hernia, Cels. 1. c, ad Jin. ; also used 
 of the malady in general) : Juv. 10, 
 20; : sometimes pi., Cels. 1. c. : Plin. 
 See also rcpturew. 
 
 hero : I. -^ demigod : heros, ois, 
 ace. -a, TO.: cf. Hor. Od. i, 12, init., 
 qiiem virum aut heroa, quem deum : 
 Virg. II. A very brave man : vir 
 
 fortis, fortissimus : v. brave. (N.B. — 
 Not heros in this sense.) |||, The 
 chief person in a play, etc. : qui primas 
 partes agit, Ter. Ph. prol. 27. 
 
 heroic : I. Relating to heroes, i. e. 
 demigmls : \, heroicus : the h. ages, 
 h. tempora, Cic. Div. i, init. ; h. aetates, 
 id. Tuse. 5, }, 7. 2, herons (rare in 
 this sense) : Stat. ||, Epic : heroicus, 
 herous : v. epic. |||, .'Surpassingly 
 
 brave : perh. nearest word, invictus (lit. 
 nnco^iquereii, not to be conquered) : a 
 lofty and h. sotd, animus excelsus atque 
 inv., Cic. Off. i, 5, init. : of most h. 
 valour, mien, and exploits (cornice), 
 virtute, forma, factis invictissimis, PI. 
 Mil. 1, I, 57. Or expr. by fortis, fortis- 
 simus, Virg. pass.: v. brave. Some- 
 times incredibilis may serve, with such 
 subs, as fortitude, patientia, etc. (v. in- 
 credible) : or egregius, praestans (v. 
 eminent, remarkable). N.B.— Never 
 heroicus in this sense. 
 
 heroically: fortlter: v. bravelt. 
 Or expr. by circuml., to meet death h., 
 sumnia virtute *■. fortitudine, animo e.\- 
 celso atque invicto, mortem obire : v. 
 heroic (111.). 
 
 heroine : I. I" mythic sense : 1. 
 heroina : Prop. : also, herois, idis, Ov. : 
 Stat. 2. virago, Inis (a woman of 
 masculine strength and courage) : Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 468 (ot Jutuma). ||. An 
 eminently noble woman : excelso invic- 
 toque animo nuilier, etc. : v. heimhc 
 (lU.) III. of a play or story : *qnae 
 primas partes agit : v. hebo (III.). 
 
 heroism: 1. virtus, fiti.s,,f. (most 
 gen. term ineluding all energetic qua- 
 lities) : veterans mindful of their oldrn 
 h., veteraiii pristinae v. memores, S.jll. 
 Cat. 60: Cic.: V. vai.oub. 2. animus 
 excelsus, invictus ■ v. heroic (III.). A 
 deed of h.. praeelarum facinus, Auct. 
 Her. 4, 55, 68: Sail. 
 
 heron: ardea: Virg. Oi'min. (same 
 sense), ardeola, Plin. 
 
 herring : *barenga : Med. I^at. (Clu- 
 pea harengus, Linn.) : (Kr.). 
 
 hers (<"<?■ pron.) : gen. of ilia, haec, 
 etc. : V. her. 
 
 herself: ipsa, ius; in oblique cases 
 sui. sibi, se or sese : cf.L.G. ^} ?76, 577. 
 
 hesitancy : haesltatio, haesitautia : 
 
 V. IIf.SlTATION. 
 
 hesitate : I. ^o demur to action ; 
 
 I. dubito, I {to be prevented by 
 doubts from doing a thing : In this sense, 
 foil, by inf. ; excepting when ii has a 
 negative with it, when it takes quin 
 and subj.) : uhy do you h. to arail your- 
 self of the opportunity, quid dubitas uti 
 temporis opportunitate ? Caes. U C, 2, 
 J4 : Cic: do not h. to trust, nollie d. 
 quin credatis, Cic. Man. ij. 68 : tho 
 same constr. may follow a virtual though 
 not formal negative, cf. Cic. Fl. 17, 40, 
 dubitalis {^num dubitatis) quin vindl- 
 cetis? also absol. : v. to doubt. 2. 
 haesito, i (to be embarrassed : in Cic. 
 always absol., v. U).s.s, to be at) : / h.d 
 long and much what I ought to (to, diu 
 multumque haesitavi quid facere de- 
 berem, Plin. Kp. 10, 45 (40), 2: foil, by 
 an, Curt. 4, if, med. 3. cunctor, i 
 (to delay from lack of energy and reso- 
 lution) : rarely foil, by in/. ; he did 
 not even h. to sell htmours to candidates, 
 ne candidatis quidem hoiiores vendiiare 
 cunctatus est. Suet. Vesp. 17. Ubu.ab>..l. 
 .Join: quiescere, cunctari, timere. Cic. 
 Sext. j8, 81. 4. amWgo, j (to do bt 
 what to do ; be in a quandary) : he h.d 
 tchat first to attend to, cui rei primum 
 occurreret amblgebat. Just. 29, 4. fin. 
 
 II, To be at a loss what to say: 
 1, haereo, si, sum, 2 (to stick fast : 
 
 a stronger expr. than the Eng.) : to 
 stumble and h., titubare atque b., (Juiul. 
 12, I, 29. Simly., haesito, i {Jrequeut. 
 of preceid.) : 1 will ansa er teithout h.ing, 
 non haesitans re>pondebo, Cic. Ac. i, 2, 
 init. 2. tilfibo, I (lit. to stumble) : 
 Cic: V. to falter. 
 
 hesitating {adj.) -. haesitans, ntls : 
 to say anything with h. words, aliquid 
 h. verbis dicere, Cic. Dom. 52, U4. 
 Phr. : to speak in a {very) h. nuinner, 
 haesitabundum (loqui), Plln. Fp. i, 
 5. U- 
 
 hesitatingly : 1. cunctanter : 
 
 Liv. (haud c, i, }6, med.). 2. dubi- 
 tanter : modestly and h., verecunde et 
 d., Cic. Br. 22, 87. 3. expr. by haesi- 
 tans, haesitabuiidus (v. L. G. } J4J) : 
 conip. preced. art. 
 
 hesitation : 1. dubitatio {iioubt) .- 
 
 without a moment's h., nulla interposila 
 d., Caes. B (i. 7, 40; sine ulla d., Cic. 
 Clu. 28, init. 2. haesitatio {embar' 
 rassment): to cause h., h. afferre, Tac. 
 H. I, J9 Cic: V. indecision. Of h. in 
 speaking : Join: dubitatio, haesitatio, 
 tracius verboruni, Cic. de Or. 2. 50. init. 
 In latter sense also, haesitantia [linguae], 
 Cic. Ph. }, 6, 16 (where stammering is 
 meant). 3. euiictalio {backwardness, 
 slackness) : dismissirig all h., abjecta 
 omni c, Cic. Off. i, 21, 72. 4. religio : 
 V. SCRUPLE. Phr.: without any h., 
 haud cunctanter, Liv. (v. HtisiTATiwoLY); 
 sine serupulo. Col. 5, 11. init. : to cause 
 h. {dijjiculty) and perplexity, injicere 
 alicui s. [et quandam dubitalionemj, Cic. 
 Clu. 28, 76. 
 
 hesperian: 1. Hespenus: Virg.: 
 Ov. 2. Ilesperis, idis,/. (rare) : Virg. 
 Aen. 8, 77. 
 
 hest (subs.) : nutus, us ; imperium : 
 
 V. W ILL, COIIMAND. 
 
 heteroclite: 1. heteroclTtus(oniy 
 found in neiit. pi.) : Charis. 2, 2i (Prise, 
 writes the word as Gk. 17, 62). 2. 
 diversiclinius : Prise. 1. c. 
 
 heterodox: I'hr.: h.opinions,*opl- 
 niones parum cum doctrina Christiana 
 congruentes, consenlientes : u h. teacher, 
 *qui aliena quaedam a doctrina Chr. 
 docet. 
 
 heterodoxy : ^■- preced. art. 
 
 heterogeneous: diversus: or more 
 precisely, iiatura diversus, Cic. Q. Fr. i, 
 I, 12: thi}tgs altoiji Iher h. (or incon- 
 sistent) : res diversissimae. Sail. Jug. 
 8;, med. Join: diversus et dissimllis, 
 Cic Inv. 1,2?. ?>• 
 
 heterogeneousness : diversa na- 
 
 tura : V. preced. art. 
 
 hew : 1. dOlo, l (to chip wood with, 
 an axe,' for the purpose of shaping) : to 
 h. limber, materiem d., Cato R. K. jl: 
 to fell, h., inscrilie wood, robur caedere, 
 d.,"in&cribere, Cic. Piv. :, 41, 86. Comps.
 
 HE W KK 
 
 HIDING 
 
 HIGH 
 
 dedolo, to h. off, Col. 4, 26, init. ; also 
 to h. in pieces, assulatim ded., PI. Men. 
 5, |5, 106: edolo, to h. out. Col. 8, 11, ad 
 init. 2. caedo, cecidi, caesum, } (to 
 cut or fell marble m- timber; leaving it 
 in the rough) : to h. and convey stone, 
 lapidem c. et apportare, Cic. Verr. 2, i, 
 56, 14") : Plin. : v. to fell (cf. supr.). 
 Simly., comps. excido, to h. out (e. g. 
 rupibns columnas, Virg. Aen. i, 428); 
 recido (in same sense), Hor. Od. 2, 18, 4. 
 3. seco, I (to cut into shape) : to 
 contract for the h.ing (carving) of mar- 
 bles, marmora secanda locare, Hon Od. 2, 
 18, i"): V. TO CUT. See also to carve. 
 
 hewer : e.\pr. by verb, qui materiem 
 caedit, etc.: v. to hkw. H.s of wood 
 (t-sp. fire-wood) for an army, lignatores, 
 lAv. 10, 2; : Caes. ; also, lignantes (v. 
 wood) : to be h..s of wood and drairers 
 of water, ut ligna caedant aquasque 
 comportent, Vulg. Jos. tx. 21. 
 
 hewing (subs) .- caesio (felling of 
 trees or quarrying of stone) : Plin. 
 (Usu. better expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 HEW.) 
 
 hewn (part, adj.) : Phr.:h. stone 
 (h. and squarei.t), quadratum saxuni, 
 Liv. 10, 2j (for paving) : Vitr. 2, ^, 
 init. : rough h. stone (in smaller pieces), 
 caementa: Vitr. I.e. : Hor.: v. rubble. 
 
 hexagon : hexagonum : Col. See 
 also foil. art. 
 
 hexagonal ; sexangQlus : h. cells 
 (of bees), s cellae, Plin. 11, 11, 12: Ov. 
 
 hexameter : hexameter (or -trus), 
 tri, m. : h. verses, h. versus, Cic. de Or. 
 }, 50, 194. Suet. Also without versus: 
 the beginning of a h., initium hexametri, 
 Quint. 9, 4, 78. 
 
 hey (interj.) : perh. vah ! Ter. pass. 
 
 hey-day : P h r. : in the h. of youth, 
 florente juveiita fervidus, Hor. A. P. 
 115; calidus juventa, id. Od. }, 14, extr.: 
 cf. ib. I, 16, 22, pectoris in dulci juventa 
 fervor: / hoped the h. of youth had 
 cooled down, sperabam jam defervisse 
 adolescentiam, Ter. Ad. i, 2, '72. (N.B. — 
 Beware of flos aetatis, which is used in 
 base sense, cf. Liv. 21, 2, med.) See also 
 
 PRIME. 
 
 hiatus ; i. Cacophony caused by 
 juxtaposition of vowels : hiatus, us : 
 qualified by Cic. thus, ille tanquam 
 hiatus, concursu vocalium. Or. 2}, 77 : a 
 musical and agreeable h., canorus atque 
 jucundus h., Gf 11. 7. 20, med. P h r. : to 
 introduce ati h., hiare, Cic. Or. 45, init. 
 (but the expr. seems more appropriate 
 to the words themselves^hiulcam vocem 
 efficere, ib. 44, 150); vocales coiyungere, 
 ib. 44, 150; voces distrahere, ib. 45, 
 init. II. A gap in a document : 
 
 *lacuna, hiatus : M. L. Phr. : there is 
 an extensive h., multa desunt (Nobbe). 
 
 hibernate: Phr.: the I'ontie mouse 
 (ermine!') also h.s, coiiduniur hieiiie et 
 Pontici mures, Plin. 8, J7, 55 : *liienie 
 gravi somno premuiuur, cf. ib. 8, }6, 54. 
 
 hibernation: perh. vetemus: they 
 grow exceedingly fat during h., miruiii 
 in modum vetemo (more precisely, dum 
 hieme conduntm-) plnguescuiii, Plin. 8, 
 J6. 54- 
 
 hiccough, hiccup (subs.) .• singul- 
 tus, iis : to stop h., singultus inbibere, 
 Plin. 20. 17, li. 
 
 hiccough, hiccup ("■) : singultio, 
 4: Cels. 5, 26, 19: Plin. A\!iO frequent. 
 singulto, I : Quint. 10, 7, 10. 
 
 hidden (part, adj.) : 1, occultus: 
 v. secret. 2. opertus (covered up) : 
 all that was h. is exposed, o. quae fuere, 
 aperta sunt, PI. Capt. j, J, 9 : Cic. 3. 
 conditus : the h. (secrets) of the heart, c. 
 praecordia, Hor. S. i, 4, 89. Join: 
 condita esse atque latere (of things kept 
 in the dark), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 7}, 181. 
 Simly., recondiius, Cic. Agr. 2, 16, 41. 
 4. abscomti tus : h. swords (secreted), 
 abs. gladii, Cic. Ph. 2, 42, 108. 5. 
 
 caecus (poet.) : h. causes, c. causae, Lucr. 
 J, il7 : Hor. : Ov. To be h., lateo, ui, 
 2 : the snake lies h. in the grass. 1. anguis 
 in berba, Virg.: to be deeply h. (fig.), 
 abdite 1., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 7;, 181 ; occnlte 
 1., id. Agr. 2, 16, 41 : to lie completelii h., 
 pcrlatere, Ov. 
 312 
 
 hide (subs.) : 1. cOrium (any thick 
 skin tvluen removed from the carcase) ■ 
 to cover towers tuith h.s for protection, 
 turres coriis integere, Caes.: a h. sunk 
 in a stream, c. depressum in fluvio, 
 Pbaedr. 1,20. Cornice: to tan any one's 
 h., alicui c. concidere, PI. Am. prol. 85. 
 
 2. pellis (living or deaA) : v. skin. 
 
 3. tergus, oris, n. (of a large ani- 
 mal) : theij strip their h.s from tite car- 
 cases, tergora deripiuni costis, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 215: (the elephant's) ft. is ex- 
 tremely tough on its back, durissimum 
 dorso t., Plin. 8, 10, 10. Esp. poet, of 
 shields : seven bull's h.s, taurorum t. 
 septem, Ov. M. ij, J47. 4. terguni 
 (poet, for preced.): u-ith a bull's ft., lau- 
 rlno t., Virg. Aen. i, 36S. Of things 
 made of ft., as cymbals, taurea t., Ov. F. 
 4, J42 ; shields, t. novena boum, Ov. M. 
 12, 97. 5. veUus, firis (a h. iviih the 
 fleece or hair upon it) : the ft. of a tawny 
 lion, fulvi leonis v., Ov. F. 2, 540. 
 
 hide ("■) •" I. In ordinary sense : 
 
 I, abdo, didi, ditum, j (to put out of 
 the way) : to ft. documents, tahulas ab., 
 Cic. in Pis. 17, 39: they hid themselves 
 in the neighbouring woods, sese in pro.x- 
 imas silvas abdiderunt, Caes. B. G. 1,12. 
 Join: contegere atque abdere [partes 
 corporis], Cic. Off. i, ^5, 26. 2. coiido, 
 i (in prose, usu. to put in a place of 
 safety ; poet, often = to conceal : cf. 
 hidden) : they ft. (themselves) in the 
 belly (of the horse), rursus conduntur 
 in alvo, Virg. Aen. 2, 401 : Hor. : Ov : 
 to ft. oneself under the bedclothes, se sub 
 lectum c. (betier abscondere, v. infr), 
 Suet. Cal. 51. So also is used recondo 
 (to h.far back or deep), cf. Ov. M. 1 , i J9. 
 
 3. abscondo, di and didi, diuini. i 
 (to put out of the way, in a place of 
 safety : also, to h. fraudulently) : J hid 
 the gold close to tlie altar, secundum 
 ipsam aram aurum abscondidi, PI. in 
 Prise. 10, 24 : to try to suj>pies\ and ft. 
 anything, aliquid opprimere et abs., 
 Cic. R. Am. 41. extr. 4. celo, i : v. 
 TO conceal (1). 5. occiilo, ui, ultum, 
 j; occullo, I (to cover up a thing: 
 whereas abdo, condo, abscondo denote 
 removal to another place) : v. to con- 
 ceal (4, 5). 6. tego, intggo, con- 
 tego, J: V. TO cover (J.). 7. operio, 
 ui, rtum, 4 (rare in this sense, except in 
 p. part. : V. hidden) : Plin. Ep. j, 16, 6. 
 
 II. To beat (colloq.) : loris operio : 
 Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 28. 
 
 and seek : Phr.: to play at ft. 
 
 and seek, *per lusum latitare (R. and A.). 
 
 oneself : in add. to abdo, condo, 
 
 with prmi. re/i.: 1. delitesco, litui, 
 J : tliey (beasts) ft. themselves in their 
 holes, in cubilibus delilescunt, Cic. N. 1). 
 2, 49, extr. : Virg. 2. lateo, ui, 2 (of 
 which delitesco is frequent.) : he hid 
 himself in the Itouse of . . ., latuil apud 
 ..., Nep. Att. 10: to ft. behind the 
 staircase, in scalis 1., Hor. Ep. 2, 2. i;. 
 
 hideous: 1, foedus (revnlting) : 
 
 a ft. scar, f. cicatrix, Hor. : Liv. : v. 
 FOUL, FRIGHTFUL. 2. informis, e 
 
 (strictly, ill-foi-rneJ, mis-shapen) : a ft. 
 mtmstei; monstrum inf., Virg.: Stat,: 
 V. UNSIGHTLY. 3. aler, tra, trum 
 
 (rare and poet.) : ft. maw (of a ser[>ent), 
 a. ingluvies, Virg. 6. j, 4J0: to end in 
 a ft. jish, [turpiter] a. desinere in piscem. 
 Hor. A. P. }. See also ugly. 4. 
 teter, tra, trum (taet.) : v. noisome, 
 SExoi.TiNG. 5. horrendus (to make 
 one shudder) : v. horrible. 
 
 hideously : 1. foede : to mangle 
 ft., f. laniare, Tac. : v. foully. 2. 
 turpiter; comp. hideous (3). 
 
 hideousness : foedltas : h.ofa sight 
 (a cruel punishment), f. spectaculi, Liv. 
 
 I. 28,./i?i. 
 
 hider: |. Trans.: h.s may well 
 be finde)-s, *facile is reperiet qui abdidit 
 (Cic. has occultator as adj., Mil. 19, 50). 
 II, In trans. : pies, jiart. of lateo 
 (except in nom., v. L. G. i) 6;8): v. 
 hidden. 
 
 hiding (subs.) .• |. Tra 11 s. : oc- 
 cultiUio: Cic. (Usu. better e.xpr. by 
 verb.) II. Ill trans.: expr. by verb: 
 v. to HroE oneski.k. 
 
 hiding-place : 1. latebra : Cic 
 Coel. 26, init. : more freq. pi. : to be 
 coTicealed in a A., in latebiis agere, 
 Just. J4, 4 : Cic. Fig.: the secret h.t 
 (of truth), caecae 1., Lucr. 1 , 408. Hence, 
 latebrosus, furnishing h.s, Cic. ; Liv. 
 2. latibiilum (usu. of the haunts or 
 lairs of wild beasts) : h.s (of pirates) in 
 out-of-the-way spots, latibula occultorum 
 locorum. Cic. Fl. ij, extr.: v. lair. 
 Phr.: that ft. and shelter for robbers, 
 ille latronum occultator et receptor 
 locus, Cic Mil. 19, 50. See also retreat. 
 
 hie (v.): propero, i : v. to hasten. 
 
 hierarch : perh. antistes, archangi;- 
 
 1ns : v. HIGH-PRIEST, archangel. 
 
 hierarchical : perh. sacerdotaiis, e : 
 
 v. PRIESTLY. 
 
 hierarchy: |. of priests: »qui 
 sacerdotium amplissimum habent, R. 
 and A. (comp. Cic. Fam. }, 10, ad fin., 
 amplissimi sacerdotii collegium, i. e. au- 
 gures) : *ii quos penes omnis est reruni 
 sacrarum cura atque administratio. ||. 
 Of celestial pouers : " the h.s of' heaven " 
 (Milt.), perh. coelestes, beati ordines ; 
 angeli atque archangeli. 
 
 hieroglyphical : hierogiyphJcus : 
 
 Macr. : Amm. 
 
 hieroglyphics : hieroglyphicae lite- 
 rae : Macr. S. i, 21, med.; b. notae, 
 Amm. 17, 4. (Hierographicus is of 
 doubtful authority.) 
 
 hierophant : 1. hierSpbanta or 
 -es, ae, m. : Arnob. 5, 25. Fem. hiero- 
 phaniiia, Inscr. 2. mystagogus : 
 
 strictly, like preced., denoiing the offi- 
 ciating priest at the Eleusinian or other 
 mysteries: cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 59, ij2 
 (where it = cicerone) Symm. 
 
 higgle : '• e. to make difficulties 
 about the price of a thing : cavillor, i : 
 
 v. TO HAGGLE. 
 
 \iis\\. (adj.) : I. Lit. : 1. altus: 
 precise dimen.sion being expr. by ace. 
 with sum, or less freq. habeo ; the mound 
 uas 10 ft. ft., agger erat decern pedes 
 alius ; decein pedes hahebat altus (cf. 
 Liv. 21, 8, J'ln., ferrum tres longum ha- 
 bebat pedes) : v. L. G. } 249 : Cic. : 
 Caes. Very ft., praealtus: Liv.: Plin. 
 Somewhat ft., altiusculus. Suet. 2. 
 celsus, excelsus, praecelsus: v. lofty. 
 See also elevated, tall. Phr.: on ft., 
 expr. by sublimis: this pole is to us 
 always on ft., hie nobis vertex semper 
 sublimis, Viig. G. i, 242: he ascended 
 up on ft., sublimis abiit, Liv. i, 16, fin. 
 II, Fig.: exalted by dignity : 1, 
 amplus (distinguu'hed) : of very ft. rank 
 by bit th, ampli.ssimo genere natus, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 1 2 : to bestow a still h.er honour 
 on any one, alicui ampliorem honoreni 
 tribuere, Cic. Prov. 11, 27. 2. s&perus, 
 anil esp. sup., summus, supremus (of the 
 g(xls) : Jupiter most ft., summus Jupiter, 
 PI. : priest of the Most High God, ^acer- 
 dos L)ei summi, Vulg. Hebr. vii. i (else- 
 where Vulg. has Deus altissimus, excel- 
 sus ; the latter sometimes as subs. ; 
 cave imiteris) : in sim. sense, Deus Op- 
 timus Maximus (D. 0. M.), like Jupiier 
 Opt. [et] Max., Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 66. See 
 also LOFTY, elevated. Ill, ALsu lig., 
 great in degree : esp. in sup., the highest : 
 summus : the h.est excellence. It gal knon- 
 ledye, sanctity, etc., s. virtus, pruden- 
 tia, .-ianctimonia, etc., Cic. pass. |V. 
 Of prices : large relatively : 1. mag- 
 ruis : that has cost or would fetch a h.er 
 price, uiajoris pretii, Cic. Inv. 1, }i, 5:. 
 But the subs, pretiiim is usu. omitted, 
 and the forms magno or magni. majoris 
 ur pluris, maximo or maxinii. pluriuio 
 or plurimi, used .ibsol. (ct. L. G. 1) 281). 
 Siml.v., at so ft. a price, Uinti, quaicti, Cic. 
 2. impensus (exceedingly A.) ; at a 
 very h. price, im. pretio, Caes. B. (i. 4, 2: 
 Liv. Phr. : the price of corn is ft., 
 cara est annona, Cic. Div. 2, 27, extr. : 
 U'lien corn was getting h.er and h.er, 
 quum ingravesceret annona, Cic. Uom. 
 5, n (v. market; price). V. Bj' 
 anal, of preced., great in estimation : 
 niagnus : men entertain a ft. opinion <f 
 you, m. est hominum opinio de te, Cic. 
 Fam. I, 7, 5. Simly., so ft., tantus : cf. 
 highly. VI. Mi seel 1. phr.: ft.
 
 HIGH 
 
 HIMSELF 
 
 HINDRANCE 
 
 ^ijods, niajjnae, ingentes aquae, Liv. (v. 
 JNDNDATION): the river loas very h. at 
 the time, co tempore fluvius plus solito 
 creverat, cf. I'lin. 18, 18, 47: the h. sea, 
 altum, egp. afier a prep., Liv. 21, 50: 
 very h. tides, maximi aeatus. Cic. B. <i. 
 4, 29 : a h. ii-iTid, vehemens ventus, ' 
 Auct. B. Hisp. } (v. wind) : o h. colour, \ 
 color satur (i. e. deep, strong), Plln. ii. 
 10, 61 : a h. rujte, sonus acutus, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 59, 2;i : to indulge in )u living, 
 lu.xurlose epulari, Nep. Paus. j (v. suMi- 
 Tuons) : h. game, venatus rancidus, sub- 
 rancidus, ranciduliis, cf. Hor. S. 2, 2, 89 ; 
 dubius (sometvhat so). Mart. }, ^^ : to 
 be guilty nf h. treas<Ti, majcstatem (po- 
 puli, etc.) imminut're, Cic. (v. tkkason) : 
 to entertaiti h.er aims, ad altiora tendere, 
 Liv. 4, u; alliores spiritus gerere, Tac. 
 H. J, 66 (the latter denoting rather dis- 
 position, the former co^tduct). 
 
 lligh(adr.); |. Lit,: 1. alte : 
 raising h. the gory dagger, cruentum a. 
 e.xtoUens pugionem, Cic. Ph. 2. 1 2, init. : 
 to fiy very h., altissime evolare. Suet. 
 Aug. 94. 2. expr. by altitude : to 
 h/jisl anything so h., aliquid in tantum 
 altitudiiiis (in taiitam altitudinera) sub- 
 ducere, Liv. 27, 28, med. 3. subli- 
 miter (not in earlier authors) : to Jly h., 
 s. voliuire, Col. 8, 11, init. In same 
 sense, sublime (poet. L. G. } !44) : Virg. 
 G. I, }20, etc. Phr. : to aim h., alta 
 (altiora) petere, cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 508. 
 II. V i g. : of persons aspiring : 
 Phr.: to aim k., magnas res appeterc, 
 Nep. (in Kr.): v. preced. art. ./in. |||. 
 Also fig. in phr. to bid h. (at an auction), 
 plurimo liceri (not maximo in this sense: 
 comp. highly). 
 
 high-born: gengrosus: Cic: Hor. 
 Join geiierosus et nobilis, Cic. Par. j, 
 1. 20. 
 
 high-bred : I. 0'" animals, of 
 
 good breed: generosus. Virg. G j, •;$. 
 
 II. Of persons, having enjoyed good 
 
 breeding : nearest word, genfirosus ; v. 
 
 HIGH-BORN. Or perh. inggnuus, libSra- 
 
 lis: V. GKNTLKMANLY. 
 
 high-churchman: *qui ab Hcclesiae 
 aucloritatf est; qui Kcclesiae auctorita- 
 tem praecipuani iribuiL 
 
 high-day : d'^s festus, sollennis : v. 
 
 FESTIVAL. 
 
 high-embowed : alte fomlcatus: v. 
 
 ARCHED. 
 
 high-flown : inflatus, tumidus : v. 
 INFLATED. P li r. : h. language, ampul- 
 lae et sesquipedalia verba, Hor. A. P. 
 QT : to use h. expressions, ampuUari, 
 Hor. Kp. I . !, 4. 
 
 high-flying : 1. altivSlans : Enn. 
 in Cic. : Luci . 2. altivSlus : Plin. 
 
 (Both lit.) 
 
 high-handed : perh. impgriosus : 
 Cic. : Liv. : V. TYRANNICAL. Phr.: they 
 had been dealt with in too h. a manner, 
 superbe lis imperilalum esse, Liv. 21, 
 I, med. 
 
 high-heeled : simply altus : cf. Suet. 
 Aug. 7J, calctamenta altiuseula. The h. 
 boot of tnigeiiii, cothurnus : v. buskin. 
 
 highland: I. Subs.: usu. pi.: 
 regio aspira. moiituosa, Cic. PI. 9, 22 ; 
 luci montUDsi, Cic. Part, 10, ;6; locus 
 montanus, yuint. ;, 10, }•]. -Vlso neut. 
 pi., monluosa, Plin, ; montana, Liv, : 
 Plin, II, Adj.: montuosus, monta- 
 nus : V. supr. 
 
 highlanders : montani : v. vonN- 
 
 TAINEEU. 
 
 highly : expr. by magni (neo'r multi), 
 majoris or pluris, maximi or plurimi 
 (less freq. magno, maximo in this sense) : 
 to value anything h., aliquid magni 
 aestimare. Cic. Tnsc. 5, 7, 20: whom he 
 had valued most h. of all, quern unum 
 plurimi fecerat, Nep. Kum. 2 (maximi 
 facere is to value very highly, abso- 
 lutely: plurimi facere, to value more 
 than anything else, relatively). Simly. 
 tantl, quanti, so h., how h., Cic: pir- 
 niagni, very h., in tmcsi, per eniiii 
 magni aeslimo, Cic. Alt. 10, i, init. 
 Phr.: a man whom I have always 
 respected very h., cui semper uni pluri- 
 mum tribui, Cic. 1. c, : h. delighted, lae- 
 tabtindiis, Gell. 11, 15, ^n, : /(. displeased 
 
 with anyone, iratissimus alicui, Cic. Ph. 
 8, 6, 19 ; sane iratus (coUoq.), id. Att. 
 I, 8; pergraviter ofrensus, id. Alt. i, 
 
 10, 2 : V. GREATLY. 
 
 high-mass : missa solleimis : V. 
 
 MAS.-.. 
 
 high-mettled : acer, cris, ere, Virg. 
 Aeii. 1, 444. 
 
 highness: I. Ulevahon: altiludo: 
 v. HEIGHT. II, As title, your High- 
 ness : expr. by ailj., Celsissime princeps ! 
 in subscriptions. Celsissimi iionilnis tui, 
 etc. (Kr.). Celsiludo only in the base 
 Lat. of C«d. Thc-ixi. 
 
 high-priced: earns: v. dear. 
 
 highpriest: pontifex, icls: Vulg. 
 Hebr. vii. 26 (=Gk. opxieptii?) : more 
 precisely, summus sacerdos, ib. Act. xxiii. 
 4 ; princeps sacerdotum. Act. xxiii. 5 : 
 V. iijntiff. 
 
 highpriesthood : pontifkatus, us; 
 
 or more tuUy |)ontif)caiu> sacerdotiuni. 
 Veil. 2, 59 (strictly the office of a pon- 
 tifex ; but suitable to denoie an.y similar 
 office) : more precisely, siimmum sacer- 
 dotiiim (which may include any elevated 
 priKSlhood). 
 
 highpriestly : pontif kalis, e: v. 
 PONTIFICAL. More precisely, ad sum- 
 mum sacerdotiuni pertinens (H. Stcph. : 
 Wahl). 
 
 high-road : via: cf. Mart. 7. 61, 4. 
 
 high-seasoned: (cibus) summa et 
 
 ac( niuia suaviiate conditus: cf.Cic.de 
 Or. J, 2;, 99. where the expr. is used of 
 unguents : or perh., acrioribus condi- 
 mentis imbutus; gulosius conditus (cf. 
 Col. pref. ad init., gulosius condiendi 
 cibos). 
 
 high-spirited : (homo) generosl spi- 
 ritus : Plin. 8, 40, 61 } 149. See also 
 
 SPIRITED, 
 
 high-treason : majestas (i. e. laesi\ 
 majt-stas), peniuellio : v. trea.«ox. 
 
 high-water : P h r, : i< was h. at the 
 time, *eo tempore aestUs accessus plu- 
 rimus erat ; plurimum accesserat aestus 
 maritimiis : v, tide, 
 
 highway: 1. via: opp. to semita 
 (a narrow way, by-path) : cf. Mart. 7, 
 or, 4: 'Per. Kuu. }, 2, 42: more pre- 
 cisely, via publica, Ulp. Dig. 4J, 8, 2 i^ 22 
 (= Gr. |3a<nAtitr) oSds, "the Icing's /(."). 
 Superintendent of h.s, curator viaium. 
 cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 15, I (Diet. Antii). p. 
 H9J)- 2. lite Lat., strata {sc. via); 
 Eutr. : Imp. Codd. 
 
 highwayman : lalro, ouis ; gras- 
 
 BLltOr : V. RDBBER. 
 
 hilarity: iniaiitas: v. mirth. 
 
 hill: 1. collis, is, m. {any consi- 
 derable natural elevatimi.whether covereii 
 with verdure or rocky) : veil-tilled and 
 verdant h.s, c. nltidi viridesque, Cic. 
 Verr. j, 18. 47 : a steep and precipittnis 
 h., c. ardtms et deniptus, Tac. A. 2, 8?: 
 Caes. : Plin. 2. inmiX\ai {any rising 
 ground, esp. an isolated mound or low 
 h.) : h.s that {seem to) overhang, t. immi- 
 nentes (i. e. Romae). Liv. }, 7 (but the 
 seven hills of Rome are usu. called 
 colles): Caes. 3. clivus: v. slope, 
 
 INCLINE. See also height (II.), 
 
 hilliness : expr. by circuml. : v. 
 
 HILI.Y, im.L. 
 
 hillock : 1. tumulus (cf, hill, 2) : 
 a h. of axrth of considerable size, 1. terre- 
 nus satis grandis, Caes. B. G. 1,4;: v. 
 MOCND. 2. grumus (a small heap of 
 earth, etc. : rare) : Col. : Auct. B. Hisp. 
 
 hill-side : clivus : v. slope. 
 
 hilly : 1. montuosus {al. monto- 
 siis), montilnus: v. mountainous. 2. 
 clivosus (/laoiHf/ slopes and ascents): a 
 h. track, c. trames, Virg G. i, 108: 
 Plin.: Col.: a very h. road, *clivosissima 
 via. 3. confragosus (broltxn up by 
 
 heights and defies) : Liv. : v. RUGGED. 
 
 hilt : of a siuord, capulus : Cic. Fat. 
 J, 5 : Petr. : Tac. 
 
 himself: 1. '" ag'". with subject : 
 ipse, ills : he h. said so, ipse dixit (^ (!r. 
 aiiTO? e(/)a). Quint. II, I, 27 : Cic: Sail. 
 Sometimes strengthened by -met, PI. 
 Amph. prol. 102 : Cic. : the superl. ip- 
 fcissimus also occurs : PI. Trln. 4, 2, 146. 
 2, in objective relations, i. e. uheii 
 used reflexlvely : sui, sibi, sO or .-esO 
 
 (referring back to the subject i^l tlie 
 sentence) : he devoted h. altogether to 
 politics, totum se dedidlt reipublicae, 
 Sep. Them, i : they surrendered them- 
 selves to Caesar, se Caesarl dedideruiit, 
 Caes. : Cic. The forms sibi, se, are 
 often strengthened by the suffix -met ; 
 and the piep. cum Is always used endi- 
 tically when Joined with se, as s<;cuni. 
 3, when the use of the words him- 
 self, themselves. Indicates some opposition 
 or antithesis : ipse and sui combined : 
 the ipse agreeing with the subject or 
 object, according as stress Is laid on the 
 one or the other, cf. Zumpt ^ 696 ; St. 
 L. G. } 617 : (i). subjects contrasted; 
 without trying to move the pity of the 
 enemy, he laid violent hands on himself, 
 ue tentata quidem bostis niisericordia 
 se ipse interfecit (1. e. it teas not the 
 enemy who slew him, but himself). Veil. 
 2, 71. fin.: cf. Tac H. i, 46, Praetorii 
 praefcctos slbl ipsi legere (i. e. thry 
 made the appointments themselves, oUiert 
 did not maloe them) : (ii). objects con- 
 trasted : he cannot control an army who 
 does not control himself, non potest fx- 
 ercitum is continere qui se ipsum non 
 continet, Cic. Man. ij, j8: he slew his 
 brother, and afterwards himself, fra- 
 trem suum dein seipsum {or se ipsum) 
 interfecit, lac, (Key). N.B. — The 
 former constr. is however more fre- 
 quent, and is found even in cases where 
 there is an antithesis of objects: cf. Cic 
 y. Kr. 1,1,2, quid est negotil continere 
 eos quibus praesis, si te ipse (cf. supr. i.) 
 continetis .' cf. Zumpt, I c. P h r. : to do 
 right of h. (freely), sua sponte rect<; fa- 
 cere, Ter. Ad. 1, i, 50: almost beside h., 
 vix compos animi, ib, j, 2, 12 (v. one- 
 self) : otie V ho lives by h.. solitarius 
 homo, Cic. Off. 2, II, J9; v.-ho keeps by 
 h. {in political strife), qui solitarius se- 
 paratusque secedit, Gell. 2, 12, init. 
 
 hind (subs.): I, The female of 
 the stag : cerva : Virg, : Plln. ||, A 
 pea!:ant : rnslicus, agresiis : v. peasant. 
 
 hind {<idj) : postgriur, us; the h 
 feet, p. pedes, Plin. 11, 4;, loi (but p. 
 postremi, of the bee, Plin.): v. hinder 
 {adj.). The h. quarters, posteriora (fi. 
 pi.): Ov. 
 
 hinder (a^j-) •• 1. posterior, US : 
 the h. part of the toga, pars p. togae, 
 Quint.: Plin.: Ov. : v. hind (adj.). 2. 
 aversus {turned away f win i-iew : late 
 in this sense) : the h. part if the head, 
 a. pars capitis, Plin. 11, J7, 47. 3. 
 posticus (chiefly used with ref. to tlie 
 back doors, etc., of houses : Li v. : Varr.) ; 
 the h. part, p. pars (=podex), Lucil. in 
 Non. ; Pers. 
 
 hinder (.«■) •■ 1. "bsto, stiu, 1 {to 
 
 stand in the way of, be an obstacle to: 
 with dat.) : nhat is there to h. the wed- 
 ding from actually Viking plaie. quid 
 obs, cur non verae nuptiae tiant i Ter, 
 Andr, 1, 1,76: mure usu,, quid ob.-tat 
 quominus, Cic. N. D. i, J4. 95- Join 
 oHicere et obstare ; ufficere et Inipedire, 
 Cic, 2. impedio, 4 {to fetter and pre- 
 vent the free action of: with ace): to 
 h. or at least delay one's departure, imp, 
 profectionem, aut certe tardare, Cic, 
 Fam, 7, 5: cf. supr. (1). See also TO 
 IMPEDE, PREVENT. 3. prohibco, 2 : 
 V, to PRBVENT. 4. mOror, i: v. TO 
 
 DELAY. 
 
 hindmost: 1. postrSmus: Iheh. 
 part of the Roman line. ]>. Uumanorum 
 acies,"Sall. Jug. loi : Cic. 2. extrc- 
 iiius (strictly tlie outside) : j'Uigue lake 
 the A., occupet extremuiu scabies, Hor, 
 -A. P. 417, 3, nOvissimus: esp. in 
 connexion with agmen : v, rear (subs.). 
 
 Hindoo : I. As Mibs. : Indus : 
 Virg.: Ov. II. As aty. : Indlcus: 
 Ter. ; Mart. 
 
 hindrance: 1. impedimentum 
 (ill whatever imjiedes action): esp. in 
 phr.. to be a h. to any one in doing any- 
 thing, alicui fniagiioj esse imp. .id ali- 
 quam rem, Caes. B. G. I, 25; Cic R. 
 Am. 51, 149 : to cause delay and a h. to 
 am/thing, moraiL atque imp. alicui rei 
 inlerre.dc Inv. i, 9, 12: to operate ai 
 a h., esse loco impedimentl, Caes. B. C. 
 373
 
 HINGE 
 
 HISS 
 
 HISTORIOGKAPHER 
 
 J, 17. 2. impeditio {the act of hinder- 
 tog or impeding : v. rare) : Cic. Div. 1,51, 
 init. 3. expr. by mora (strictly lie- 
 a;/; but also used of uhat causes de- 
 la)/) : there is no h. in the way of my 
 marrying her, nee m. uUa est quin earn 
 axorem ducani, 'I'er. Andr. 5, 6, 7 : cf. 
 Cic. Cat. 1, 4, 9. paullulum tibi esse 
 tnorae, quod ego viverem. Esp. in phr., 
 in mora esse, to be a cause of (Hay or 
 A., Ter. Andr. 2, 5, 1} . PI. 4. very 
 oft. expr. by obsto, officio, impedio : 
 what h.s lie in our uay, quanta nobis 
 sbstant, offlciuut : v. to hindkr. 
 
 hinge (subs.) : cardo, inis, m. : PI. : 
 Virg. Very often used fig. ; v. foil. art. 
 hinge ("•) ■■ >■ ". to turn upon, be 
 centered in : 1. e.\pr. by cardo : a 
 point mi which so much h.s, tantus cardo 
 rerum, Virg. Aen. i, 672 : he makes the 
 whole case h. there, hie causae c. ponit, 
 <Juint. 5, 12, J. 2. expr. by contineo, 
 ui, tentuni, 2 (to invoice, contain) : the 
 points on which a case h.s, quae maxima 
 rem continent, Liv. jg, 48 : esp. in pass. : 
 V. TO BINU UP (IIL). 
 
 hint (subs.) : signif icatio (any indi- 
 oaticm) ; to throw out many plain h.s, 
 multas nee dubias s. jacere, Suet. Ner. 
 i7 : but in Cic. the word is not used of 
 mere suggestion. Phr.: to spread dark 
 h.s, spargere voces in vulgum ambi- 
 guas, Virg. Aen. 2, 9<i ; 'incert^is serere 
 suspicioiies, cf. Liv. 24, 2}, Jin., crimina 
 serere : to get a h. of suspicion, odore 
 quodam suspicionis sentire. Cic. Clu. 27, 
 7J. (Nutus is a nod or signal of one's 
 pleasure.) See also verb. 
 
 hint ("•)•• nearest word perh. sub- 
 moneo, 2: Ter.: Suet.: v. to .suggest. 
 Or. expr. by circuml., ambagibus (ver- 
 borum) uti, cf. Liv. i, $6,mifm.: *du- 
 bie, occulte, per ambages significare. 
 Neither indico nor signitico imply the 
 partial concealment of the Eng. : subin- 
 dico (to imply what is not expressed) 
 occurs in Kufin. : innuo is to give a 
 signal. 
 
 hip : I. '^'f "»e f'fx^y ■ 1. '^'"'' 
 endix, icis, /. : PI.: Varr.: Suet. 2. 
 coxa (= preced., but less freq. : For- 
 cell.) : Cels. Phr.: / have thee on the 
 h., teneo te, Cic. Acad. 2, extr. : to smite 
 h. and thigh, ad internecionem caedere, 
 occidione occidere, Cic. : Liv. : v. to kx- 
 TBBMiNATE. i|. Pruit of the mid rose : 
 •cynosbati acinus. 
 
 hipped, hippish: perh. mfilancho- 
 
 llCUS : V. HYPOCHONDRIAC. 
 
 hippOCentaur : hippoccntaurus:Cic. 
 
 hippodrome : hippOdromos, i, m. : 
 PI. : Mart, (pure Lat. spatium : v. race- 
 course). 
 
 hippogriff: *hippogryps, -yphos, or 
 -gryphus, i : v. grifffn. 
 
 hippopotamus : hippopotamus, i, 
 m.: Plin. : Mela (equus fiuviatilis, in 
 Plin. 8, 21. JO, appears to mean a 
 different animal). 
 
 hire (subs.) .- merces, edis, /. (wages 
 of any kind) : the h. of serrice, operae 
 m., Cic. : to degrade an art to h. and 
 profit, artem ad m. atque quuestum ab- 
 ducere, Cic. Div. i, 41, ./i». That is done 
 for h., or working for h., mercenarius, 
 tic. : Liv. : v. HlitKD. 
 
 hire ("■) • condaco, xi, ctuni, j : / 
 ims h.d to cook, not to be beaten, coctum 
 non vapulatum conductus fui, PI. Aul. 
 }, J, 9 : to h.a house, domuni c, Cic. (v. 
 ro RENT). Mercede, pretio, are some- 
 times added, esp. with an adj., as magno 
 pretio c, Cic. Inv. 2, i, i. To h. oneself 
 out, auctorari ; esp. of gladiators : Hor. 
 6. 2, 7. 59- 
 
 hired ( part, adj.) : 1. conductus 
 (actually taken into pay) : h. go.ngs of 
 roughs, operae c, Cic. Sext. 17, mii..- a 
 h. abode, c. lar. Mart. 11, 82. Join: 
 conductus et redemptus, Plin. Ep. 2, 14, 
 5. 2. conducticius (to be had for 
 hire, whetlver actually hired or not) : the 
 h. service of free labourers, c. liberorum 
 operae, Varr. R. II. i, n (where the 
 kind of labour is to be described) : a h. 
 houne (one of the class not occupied by 
 their owners), domus c. Pore, in Suet. 
 Ter. 3. merceniirius (esp. with re- 
 
 ference to something not usually or not 
 lat' fully trafficked in): v. mercenary, 
 HIRELING. Oft. in masc. as subst. = a 
 h. servant, opp. to a slave : to treat 
 slaves as h. servants, servis uti ut mer- 
 cenariis, Cic. Off. i, ij, 41. 
 
 hireling (subs.) ■. mercenarius (ap- 
 plied to day-labourers, without re- 
 proach) : V. HIRED (3). 
 
 hireling (adj.)-. mercenarius: a h. 
 praetor, m. praetor, Cic. Verr. 5, 21, 54. 
 See also corrupt. 
 
 hirer: conductor: PI.: Plin.jun. 
 
 hiring (subs.) .- conductio : e. g. 
 fundi, Cic. Or expr. by verb: v. to 
 
 HIRE. 
 
 hirsute: hirsutus: Cic: Ov. 
 his (adj. prm.) : 1. expr. by gen. 
 of is (v. L. G. $} J70. sqq.) ■ h. Jather 
 Neocles ivas of noble birth, pater ejus 
 Neocles generosus fuit, Nep. Them, i : 
 cf. id. Cim. 1 : Numerius h. brother is 
 dead, Numerius frater ejus, mortuus 
 est, Cic. Clu. 7, 21. (N.B.— Ejus may 
 always be so used when his=of the per- 
 son aforesaid : ct. L. G. 1. c.) 2. expr- 
 by gen. of hie (when the pron. is used 
 to denote the principal subject of dis- 
 course) : comp. Nep. Them, init., The- 
 mistocles, Neoclis filius, Atheniensis. 
 Hiijus vitia, etc. • also, id. Paus. init., Mu- 
 jus illustrissimum proeUum, etc. (= of 
 the subject of this memoir) : v. this. 
 (N.B.— Hence hujus is more emphatic 
 than ejus, giving more prominence to 
 the person referred to.) 3. expr. by 
 gen. of ipse (when the his is emphatic, 
 not referring U> the subject) : I'hy 
 should they despair of their own courage 
 or h. vigilance, cur de sua virtute aut 
 de ipsius diligentia desperarent? Caes. 
 B. G. I, 40: cf. ib. I, 21, certior factus 
 hostes consedisse millia passuum ab ip- 
 sius (=his own) castris octo 4. 
 expr. by gen. of qui (when his is preced. 
 by a conj.; Latin authors freq. using 
 the rel. pron. as a connective) : and he 
 relieved his exile by sending him money, 
 cujus fugam pecunia sublevavit, Nep. 
 Att. 2 : cf. ib. 5, cujus sic asperitatem 
 veritus est: ib. 12, cujus gratia cum 
 
 posset (= and though he might his). 
 
 5. suus (referring to the subject of 
 the sentence, or sometimes to another 
 subst. immediately preceding with which 
 it is closely connected : cf. L. G. { j6i ) : 
 him his fellow-citizens drove into exile, 
 hunc sui cives e civitate ejeeerunt, Cic. 
 Sext. 68, 14J. Suus is very often more 
 or less emphatic (= his own), esp. when 
 used as in preced. ex. with ref. to a 
 subst. which is not the subject : some- 
 times strengthened by -pte, euphony 
 permitting : Crassum suaple interfec- 
 tum manu, Cic. de Or. j, }, 10. See 
 also OWN. 6, whenever the his is 
 imemphatic, it is usu. not expr. in Lat. : 
 or if expr. at all, by ejus, suus (referring 
 10 the subject), as quasi-enclitics after 
 the substt. to which they belong (cf. 
 1 -. G. } 67 !) : his father died early, pater 
 mature decessit, Nep. Att. 2 (where 
 ejus might have been used) : he ordered 
 his son-in-law Agrippa to be sent for, 
 Agrippam generum ad se accersi jussit, 
 ib. 21 (where suum might have been 
 added) : comp. also foil. exx. : Ciceroni 
 in omnibus ejus periculis singularem 
 fldem praebuit, ib. 4 ; quae amicis suis 
 opus fuerunt, ib. 7 : in funere matris 
 suae, ib. 17: in which cases the pro- 
 nouns might have been dispensed with 
 as above. 
 
 hiss ("•) •■ 1. si^ilo, I : the ser- 
 pent h.'s with its mouth, serpens s. ore, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 754 : the red-hot iron h.'s 
 plunged in the bubbling water, ferrum 
 isne rubens in trcpida submersum s. 
 unda, Ov. As a hostile demonstration : 
 the people h. me, populus me s., Hor. S. 
 I, I, 66: cf. Cic. Alt. 2, iq, i: comp. 
 HISS (subs.) ; and foil. art. 2. strideo 
 or stildo, i, 2 and J (to make any harsh, 
 offensive noise: poet.): the monster of 
 herna horribly /t.i«gi, bellua Lernae hor- 
 rendum stridens, Virg. Aen. 6, 288; of 
 he/xted iron in water, Lucr. 6, 149. 3. 
 expr. by sibilus (esp. poet.) : r. hiss (subs.). 
 
 hiss off: '• e. from the stage, etc. : 
 
 1. explodo, si, sum, j (lit. to clap 
 off ; drive off by clapping) : Aesopus is 
 h.'d off, if he be but a trifle hoarse, 
 Aesopus si pauUum irrauseritexploditur, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 61, 259 : Hor. More fully, 
 sibilis explodere, Cic. II. Com. 11, init. 
 
 2. exsibilo, i (rare) : to be h.'d by 
 a spectator, a spectatore exsibilari, Suet. 
 Aug. 4;, extr. Join: exsibilari et ex- 
 plodi, Cic. Par. j, 2, 26. 3. exigo, 
 egi, actum, j (to drive off' the stage by 
 any kind of hostile demonstrations: 
 rare) : to h. plays off, fabulas ex., Ter. 
 Andr. prol. 27, extr. 
 
 hiss, hissing (subs.) .- 1. sibilus, 
 pi. sibila to utler dreadful h.s, horrenda 
 s. mittere, Ov. Olt. of hostile denum- 
 stratimis ; to assail any one with A.S, 
 aliquem sibilis consectari, Cic. Att. 2, 
 1 8 ; sibilis conscindere (a stronger expr.), 
 ib. 2, 19. 2. stridor (poet. : cf. to 
 HISS, 2) : Ov. Phr.: without a single 
 h. (opp. to applause, clamores), sine uUa 
 pastoricia fistula (the shepherd's pipe 
 having a hissing sound), Cic. Att. 2, 
 16,6. 
 
 hissing (a^j.) •• 1. sibilus : the h. 
 neck of an adder, s. coUa colubrae 
 Virg. : Ov. 2. stridulus (cf. to hiss, 
 2) : Virg. ; Sen. A h. sound, sibilus : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 hist (inter j.) : st ! cf. PI. Epid. 2, 2, 
 
 1, St ! St ! tacete ! Cic. Fani. 16, 24, sed 
 St ! lileras tuas exspecto. 
 
 historian : 1. bistsricus (on< 
 
 acquainted with history ; whether a 
 writer or not) : orators, paets, and h.s, 
 oratores et poetae et h., Cic. Top. 20, 
 fin. : an h. of great authority, gravissi- 
 mus h., Nep. Ale. 11 : yuint. (homo his- 
 toricus, Cic. Marc. 7, 16, is a pason ac- 
 quainted with history). 2, scriptor 
 rerum (the writer): S.dl. Cat. j: Liv.: 
 the tenn is applicable to any kind of 
 narrator or chronicler of events, cf. Cic. 
 Fani. 2, 4, init., tuarum rerum domes- 
 ticos babes et scriptores et nuncios. 
 Also, conditor rerum, Plin. j6, 15, 24, 
 $ 106. (Explicator rerum, Cic. Or. 9, ji ; 
 and pronuntiator rerum, id. Br. 8j, 287,1 
 denote rather a narrator than an his-i 
 torian.) 3. historiae scriptor : Gell. 
 
 2, u . lor which auctor historiae may 
 be used when an authority is appealed 
 to: Gell. I, II. 4. histfiriographus 
 (only in very late authors): Capitol. 
 GorA. 2, fin. Phr.: o most reliable h 
 (strictly,' authority), bonus auctor in 
 primis, Cic. Oif. J. J2, init.: contempo- 
 rary h. relate, traduut ejus teniporia 
 auctures, Tac. Ann. 5, 9: h.s, qui rea 
 geslas scripserunt, Cic. de Or. 2, 14. fin. 
 (cf. supr. 3) : the h.s of Afiicanus, qui 
 de vita et rebus Africani scripserunt, 
 Gell. 7, I. 
 
 historic * 1. historlcus (rare, 
 historical ( and used only as tech. 
 term) in the h. style, h. genere [sc. scri- 
 bendij, Cic. Br. 8j, 286. 2. expr. by 
 historia : to d^evote oneself to h. composir 
 tion, ad scribendam historiam se appli> 
 care, Cic. de Or. 2, iJ, 55 ; se ad h. cout 
 ferre, ib. { 57 ; the primary h. canon, 
 prima lex historiae, ib. 2, 15, 62 : <W 
 principles of ft. composition, historiae 
 ratio, Gierig ad Plin. Ep. 5, 8. Phr.: 
 ft. accuracy, historiae fides, (e. g. ad his- 
 toriae fldem scribere), Cic. Q. Fr. 1, I 
 8 ; rerum fides (in wider sense of truth 
 to fact), Liv. J J, 34, init. : Cic. (in Kr.)^ 
 historica fides, Ov. Am. j, 12, fin. ; 
 things handed down with ft. certainty, 
 quae incorruptis rerum gestarum ma 
 numentis traduntur, Liv. pref. : an h 
 painter, *qui res gestas ex annalibuj 
 [historiis] depromptas pingit (R. an^ 
 A.) ; or as sclent, t. t., *pictor his- 
 torlcus. 
 
 historically : historice (v. rare) : 
 Plin. Ep. 2, 5, ;. Usu. better expr. by 
 circuml.: to write not so much ft. as 
 inatoricaUy, non tiin historico quam 
 oratorio genere scribere, Cic. Br. 8j, 
 init.; to treat a subject h., ex rations 
 rerum scribere, cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 6?. 
 historiographer : perh. comment*- 
 riorum scriptor : v. historian.
 
 HISTORY 
 
 il O B-.N O B 
 
 HOLD 
 
 historr : 1. histOrla (most gen. 
 term) ■ "< ^''y' h. was nothiny but the 
 diaunng up of annals, initio crat li. 
 nihil aliud iii.si annalium loiitectio, Cio. : 
 (^Htiodutas) fatktr (if li., paler historiae, 
 Clc. : natural k., natiiralis li., Hin. : tn 
 write or cumpose A., historian! scribcre, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, i J, 55 ; h. conipuni-re, I'lin. 
 Ep. I, I : Just. : lu u'lile a h. of /ioiiie, 
 res lionianas in Instoriain cuiilcrre, 
 Just. pref. : somclliues In pi.. .Jusl. 
 I.e.: Gfll. : aticient It., *h. antiqua 
 (veins hisloria Is a story hamird 
 doiim fiirm oUi^.n lime) .■ modem A., 
 •h. recenlior : or peril, better, •recen- 
 tloris aetatis h. : snciiul, profane h.. 
 *reruiM sacraruni, profanaiuni h. 2. 
 meni6ria reruin p-slaruni {reomls of 
 the past): Sail .]»\i. 4. init. : ancient 
 
 fi. records that in Uteris veierlbus 
 
 memorla exstal, (Jell. 10, 27, init. 3. 
 very often e.xpr by res, res gestae: to 
 v-rite a ilelailid h. of the Roman people, 
 res populi R. perscribiie, Liv. pref. 
 itiil.: to v-rite lioman h. in detwhed 
 poitiovs, res gesuis !'. K. carptini scri- 
 bere, SjiU. Cat. 4. P h r. : the remains 
 of ancient h., nmnmnenta antiquitatis, 
 Cic. Sen. 11, !8: it in related in (Jrtcian 
 h., in nionunientis Graecae historiae 
 scripluni est, liell. 10, !•; toifiite the 
 h. tif the reign of Tiberius, principaiuin 
 Tiberii scnbere, Tac. Ann. i, i, exlr- : 
 &1II. .lug. init. 
 
 histrionic: histrionalis, e: Tac. rf. 
 Dial. Or 26. (Usu. belter e.xpr. by gen. 
 pl. ofhistrio: v.act(pr v. thkatrical.) 
 Phr. : the h. art, ludlcra ars, Liv. ■;, 
 2,/in. 
 
 hit ("•)•■ !• To strike: ferio, tun- 
 do, etc.: V. TO STUIKK, BEAT. Phr.: 
 you have h. the nail on the head, teti- 
 gisti acu, PI. Kud. ;, 2, 19 (in which 
 sense modern writers use the fuller form, 
 rem acu tetigisti): to h. a man nhen lie 
 is doiim, •humi dejecto plagas ingerere ; 
 in fig. sense, *infelici insultare. ||, 
 Fig.: to hit upon: ofTendo, } (trans.); 
 Incido, J (I'nfrojjs.) : v. to licht upon, 
 PALL IN WITH. Ill, To hit off, e. g. a 
 likeness: to h. off anyone's character, 
 allcujus mores bene describere, I'l. 
 
 hit {subs.) . plaga : v. blow. Phr.: 
 a hit ! hoc habet (gladiat. phr.), Virg. 
 Aen. 1 2, 296 : PI. : Ter. See also 
 
 CHANCE. 
 
 hitch {subs.) : perh. scrupuUis {any 
 source of embarrassment) : cf. Ter. Ph. 
 
 5, 8, JO. Phr.: there is a h., haeret res 
 [in salebra], cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84: there 
 is a h. in the verse, claudical versus : v. 
 
 TO HALT, LIMP. 
 
 hither («'*"•) •• I'uc Cic : Vlrg. 
 Ph r. : h. and thither, hue, illuc, Cic. Att. 
 9. 9, med.; hue atcjue illuc, id. de Or. 
 I, 40, 184 (a graver e.xpression) ; hue et 
 illuc, id. I)iv. 2, ?8, 80; hue ei illo. Sen.; 
 hue illucque, Plin : when the action of 
 a number is described, pa.ssim {in every 
 direction) : to fly h. and thitker unre- 
 strainedly (ot birds), p. ac libere volitare, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 2 ?. Join: hue et illuc 
 passim [vagarl], Cic. l)iv. 1. c. See also 
 
 BACKWARDS {I, I'm.). 
 
 hither ('"0) ■ citerior, tis : Caes. 
 Siiperl. citimus, hithemwst, Cic. Uep. 
 
 6. 16. 
 
 hither {interj.) : adesdum ! Ter. 
 Andr. 1,1.2; hue aiies '. Vlrg. E. 2, 45- 
 
 hitherto : I. Of time l. ad- 
 hue (»p to the. prisent tivu' : to denote 
 continuity of action, usque may be pre- 
 fixed) : a crime, h. jmnished in the case 
 of none yet, faeinus a, in nullo etiam 
 vindicatum, Clc. Verr. ?, 84, 194: as / 
 have h. dene, sicut a. feci, Cic. Fam. 6, 
 14, extr. : I har« ber-n idle h., cessatuni 
 usque a. est, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 2J : PI.: 
 Suet 2. anteliac {bifme now) : v. 
 BEFORE. II, Oi place: hue usque (or 
 as line word) : I'lin. 
 
 hitherward: horsum: Pl.: Ter. 
 
 hive : al\ us, alveus, alvearium : v. 
 
 BEEHIVE. 
 
 ho {interj.) : 1. heus (used in 
 
 calling attention) : Ter. : Virg. : Cic. 
 
 2. Cho (expr. surprise, or to call 
 
 aiUntio)i: only in comio writers): Pl. : 
 
 Ter. Strengthened form, eliodum, ho, 
 inderd ' Ter. Andr. }, 5, 10. 3. ^'■' 
 (e.xpr. surprise : rare) : I'er. 
 
 hoar U'-'lj ) •■ canus: h. Jroft, c pmi- 
 na, Virg. .Mart.: v. hoakv. oiiAV. 
 
 hoard {subs.) : aiervus : a h. of 
 brass and gold, aeris a. el auri, Hor. : 
 
 v. HKAl'. 
 
 hoard ("•) ■ 1. rccondo, didi, dl- 
 tum, I . u'lalth h.'d in a treasure liouse, 
 opes aerario recoiidilae, yunit, 10, j, }: 
 Cul. 2. colllgo, J ; e6acervo, i : v. to 
 
 ACCUML LATK, STOKR. 
 
 hoar-&OSt: 1. pniina: /(. dimes 
 frimi Jrozen den', pr. ex rore gelido gig- 
 iiilur, I'lin. 2, 60, 61: Varr. : Cie. In 
 the poets, eana i> often aiMed, Vlrg. G. 
 2, !76: Mart. When the pl. is used, 
 il denotes continued or accumulatidh.s : 
 Cie.: Lucr. : Hor. 2. geli' Idiiiin (esp. 
 the early hs ur frozen den.' : only In pl.) : 
 if theie are h.s nhen you gatlier the 
 olive, si g. erunt, cum oleain • oges, Cato, 
 R. H. 65 : Col. Join: jiruinae et geli- 
 cidia nocturna, Col. 11,2, (it/ init. Co- 
 vered nith h.. pruiiiosus, Ov. : Pall. 
 
 hoar-hound: marrtililumeandldum: 
 I'lin.: /./<«■/,■ A., liallote, es: PliiL 
 
 hoariness: eaniiies, ei: Ov. M. I, 
 
 2!8: I'lin. 
 
 hoarse: raucus (denoting eii her on 
 affection of the throat,oT natural harsh- 
 ness of voice) : to make oneself h. n ith 
 asking, rogitando r. fieri, PI. Kp. 2, 2, 
 18: Cic: tlie h. croak of frogs, vox r. 
 ranarum, Ov. : the h. Adriatic, r. Adria, 
 Hor. Somenhat h., subraucus, Cic. To 
 become h , irraucesco, irrausi, ? : but the 
 perf. only occurs if he he hut a trifle 
 h., si paulum irrauserit, Cic. de Or. i, 6i, 
 259. Phr. : to call till one is h., usque 
 ad ravim poseere, I'l. Aul. 2, ;. 10: wlwn 
 by being mcored again and again he 
 had become h., <iuum Siiepius revocaius 
 voceni obtudisset, Liv. 7, 2. 
 
 hoarsely • *rauca voce, rauco sono : 
 V. HiiARs. . (Or poet, raucum, cf. L. G. 
 
 9 ;44.) 
 hoarseness : 1. raucitas : Ceis. : 
 
 Plin. (laucedo only in Isid. Or. 4, 7). 
 2. ravis, is, iin, /'. (only found in 
 ace.) : to get rid (f h. {phlegm), r. pnr- 
 gare, Apul. : Pl. (cf. hoarse, /hi. ). 3. 
 asp6i1tas f.iucium : Plin. jo, 4, 11. 4. 
 branchus (G r. ppdyxoi, a particular kind 
 ofh.) : Isid. Or. 1. c : Coel. Aur. 
 
 hoary : 1. canus : h. locks, c ca- 
 pilli, Hor. : also cani absol., Cic. Sen. 18, 
 init. 2. ineanus (chiefly poei.) h. 
 chin, i. menta, Virg. Aen. 6, 809: Cat. : 
 h. head, i. caput. Suet. Doni. 20. To be 
 h., caneo, ui, 2 : willoi'S h. with foliage 
 gray, glauca canentia fronde salicia, 
 Virg. G. 2, IJ to become h., canesco, ? : 
 Ov : Plin. : A. antiquity, perh. prisea 
 vetustas, cf. Cic de Or. 1, 4}, igj : v. 
 
 OLDEN, ANCIENT. 
 
 hoax {subs.): Phr.: to play off a 
 h. upon any one, perh. ludifu-are ali- 
 quein {to make a fool of a man : v. 
 Lat. Diet. 8. v.): this is a pretty h., 
 pulchre ludificor ! Pl. True 2, 8, 6: to 
 contrive o A.,*lepidam quandam fraudem 
 coniniinisei. 
 
 hoax ('••) ■• perh. ludlfico, i : ▼. pre- 
 eed. art. 
 
 hob : nearest words focug, eamlnus : 
 
 v. FIRE-rLACE. 
 
 hobble: claudlco, i: v. TO LIMP. 
 
 hobby : verb, stiidlum {eager pur- 
 suit) : cf. Cic. Verr. 4, I, init., venio 
 nunc a<l Istius, quemadmodum ipse aj)- 
 pellal stadium {what he calls his h.) ; 
 ut amici ejus morbum et insaniam. 
 Phr.: this is one of my h.s (articles of 
 virtu), genus est lioc voluptatis mcae, 
 Cic. XU. I, 9. 
 
 hobby-horse : \,1AU: for chil- 
 dren to rid/ : arundo, inis, /. ; to ride 
 im a h., equilare in a. longa, Hor. S. 2, 
 ?, 248. II. Fig.: esp. a Javourile 
 opinimi or theory : to ride one's /»., in- 
 epiiis sills plaudere. Dial. Or. }2, extr. 
 (R and A.). 
 
 hobgoblin: larva: v.<;host, GOBLIN. 
 
 hob-nail: ciavus: v. nail. 
 
 hob-nob: nearest word, propnio, i 
 ' (to drink to the health of) : Cic. : Vlrg. 
 
 hobson's choice: **" lex eiig-endl 
 
 ut ex aliena si-nteniia eligas, non lua. 
 
 hock {subr.) : nearest word perh. 
 poples, itis, JJi. : v. HAM 1 1.)- 
 
 hock ("•) •■ poplilvs sucCido : v. to 
 
 HAMSTIilNG. 
 
 hockey : *lusus genus in quo plla 
 periici.-^ (anindinibiis) piil.^tur. 
 
 hocus-pocus: v. trick, jugglery. 
 
 hod : •ii^'-trmnentum ad caleem hu- 
 meris porland.im. 
 
 hodge-podge : pTh. farrago, Inis, 
 /. (a mixed difh): cf. Juv. 1, 86 or 
 miscellanea, jrum {a Idnd of hash given 
 to gladiators), Juv. 11, 20. 
 
 hoe {sutis.) : 1. Mirculum, less freq. 
 sarculus to cover up see<l with h.s, sar- 
 culis semen adobruere. Col. 2, 11, od 
 Jin.: to clear with a light h.. levi pur- 
 "gare s., Plin. 18, 26, 65, ^ 241 : Hur. Men- 
 tion is m.ide uf single and double ha, s. 
 siniplices, bicornes. Pall, i, 4}. 2. 
 
 maira (o forked tool of some Icind) : cf. 
 Gil. 10, 72 and 88. (Ligo is a digging 
 fork or spade.) 
 
 hoe(i".;.' 1. sarrio, 4: Cato: Plin. 
 2. sarculo, i : Pall. 3. purgo, i 
 (to clear lij' hoeing or otherwise) : Plin. : 
 v. HOE {subs.). 4. P' cto, xi, xura 
 and i)cetitum, j {to clear out weeds, etc., 
 as with a comb) : Col. 10. 148 and 94 
 (poet.). 
 
 hoeing : 1. sarrjtio, sarriliira : 
 
 Col. 2. sarculatio : Plin. 
 
 hoer : s;irritor Col. 
 
 hog : piircus : a h. from Epicure's 
 herd, Kpicuri de grege p., Hor. £p. i, 4, 
 extr. : Cie. : Script. R. R. (poreus may 
 Ix' used of the female, strictly, porca): 
 V. PIG. H.'s Jhsh, (caro) porcina, suilla 
 (v. i-oRK) : h.s lard, ade|is suillus (R. 
 and A.). 
 
 hoggish : inquinatus, foedus, etc. : 
 
 V. FOLL. 
 
 hogshead : P»'rh dolium : V. CASK. 
 
 hogSty : 1. hara : one fetched 
 
 from a h. (tig.). e.\ h. productus, Cic. in 
 Pis. 16, init. : Varr. : Col. (but hara Is 
 also used of enclosures for other ani- 
 mals: V. Lat. Diet. s. v.). 2. suile, is, 
 n. : to sireep out a h., s. eonverrere. Col. 
 
 hoiden : v. hoyden. 
 
 hoist ('■•)•" '""Oi sublevo: v. TO 
 rai.se. Phr.: ^o A. sni7, vela dare, pan- 
 dere: v. sail. (Vela subdueere is to Aau? 
 up sails to the antennae; tofwl them.) 
 
 hoist {subs.) : perh. lolleno, onis, m. 
 (a machine used for raising water, 
 men, etc.): cf. Plin. 19.4, 20: Veg. Mil. 
 4, 21. 
 
 hold (■'«(>«.)• I. f^rasp: chiefly 
 in Certain phr. : (i). to take A. ; (I), pre- 
 hendo (sync, prendo). di, sum, } : to 
 take h. of any one by the hand, aliqviem 
 nianu pr., Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 240: I'l. 
 Fig.: of plant-s, to take h. of the ground, 
 root. Pall. ?, 25, ad init. Kreipient. 
 prehenso, prenso, 1. to take h. frequently, 
 make effints to lay A. of, Virg.: Ov. : 
 Tac. (2). apprfhendo. } (=prectM.): 
 to take. h. of a serpent u-ith one luind, 
 anguem altera ap. manu, I'l. Am. 5, 1, 
 67": Ter.: the atoms take h. of one an- 
 other, atomi aliae alias ap., Cic. N. D. i, 
 20, 54. (3). coniprehendo, J (strictl.v, 
 to grasp with both hands, so as tn em- 
 brace) : to take A. of things n-ith the 
 hands, res manibus c., Cic. N. D. i. 5J. 
 92 : the pincers lay A. of the tooth, for- 
 fex dentem c, Cels. : tor tig. sense, v. 
 TO comprehend. (4). arriplo, ripui, 
 reptum, j {hastilu, snatching at): v. 
 to seize, (li). to keep A..- tfneo, r6- 
 tineo, 2: V. to hold. (iii). to lose h.: 
 Omitto, misi, ssuni, ?: v. go (to let). 
 (iv). misiell. phr.: lo keep a Jirm k. 
 of anything. *aliquid manibus compre- 
 hensum enixe tenere ; in fig. sense (,= <• 
 6c «ii(cA devoted to it), niagno^ amore 
 aliquid amplexum tenere, Cic. SuU. 20, 
 Jin. : to obtain a strojig A. upon any 
 one hi/ kindness, aliquem beneficiis sibi 
 devincire, Cic. Fam. I J. 7- cz<r.: also, 
 with obligare (v. okligation). ||. Of 
 a ship • perh. ciivema: Clc. de Or. }, 4&. 
 180. where, however, the word is In pl. 
 (\lveus is the huH : q. v.) |||, Cut- 
 
 tody: vincula, career: v prison. 
 
 US
 
 HOLD 
 
 HOLD FORTH 
 
 HOLE 
 
 hold (".)•• A. Trans.: \. To 
 keep hold of: 1, tgneo, \\\, ntum, 2 : 
 tu h. a lUtU box in the hand, pyxidera 
 in manu t., Cic. Coel. 26, fiii. : but if 
 the object be not such as to lie in the 
 hand, use abl. alone : of. Ov. F. i, 99, 
 ille tenens baculum dextra ; Cic. Off. i, 
 17, init. 2. rfitineo, 2 (to h. back, 
 
 Iceep liold of) : vihy do you h. nie back ' 
 quid me retinas? PI. Ep. i, I, 6; : in its 
 (■eft luitid it {the figure) held a bow, 
 sinistra manu retinebat arcum, Cic. Verr. 
 4, J4, 74. 3. geslo, I {til carrii in the 
 arms or on the person) : to h. a baby in 
 one's arms, infantein puerum in niani- 
 bus g.. cl. Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 24. See also 
 loll, artt II, I'o contain : capio, 
 
 cepi, captum, j ; your stomach will not 
 titerefore h. more than mine, non tuus 
 hoc capiet venter plus quam meus, 
 Hor.S. 1, 1. 46: Cic: v. to (XWtain (1.). 
 III. With ref. to fluids ; not to suffer 
 to escape: expr. by transmitto, perfluo: 
 a vessel vrith fioles in it, uhich will h. 
 nothing, vas perforatum et quodcunque 
 accipit transmilteus, cf. Sen. Ep. 99, 6 : 
 so as to h. water, ne humorem trans- 
 mittal, Col. I, 6, ad fin. : that vessel is 
 leaky ; it won't h. water, plenum rima- 
 rum vas est ; hac atque iliac perfluit, 
 cf. Ter. Euu. i, 2, 2;. |V. jf'" occupy 
 land, etc. : 1, possldeo, sedi, sessum, 
 2 (not involving oumership) : to h. laiul 
 that has been forcibly seized, agnim per 
 vim occupatum p., Caes. B. G. 6, 12 : that 
 no one should h. more than 500 jugers 
 of land, nequis plus quingenta jugera 
 possideret, Liv. 6, J5. Join: possidere 
 atque habere, Liv. 26, it, med. 2. 
 liabeo, 2 (to be in actiuil possession of) : 
 V. TO POSSESS. P h r. : laiids lield on the 
 best tenure, praedia quae optima condi- 
 tioue sunt, Cic. Agr. }, 2, 9. 3. ob- 
 tineo, 2 (to be in possession of; rightly 
 or wrongly : not used of ordinary occu- 
 pancy of land) : to h. Gaul and Italy by 
 arms, Galliam atque Italiam armis ob., 
 Liv. JO, 19 : to h. the highest position in 
 a state, principatum In civitate obtinere, 
 Caes. B. G. i, j : to h. (a country) as 
 a province, cum imperio ob., Cic. Fam. i, 
 
 9, 4. V. '^o niaintain possession of 
 against attack: retineo, 2: to h. a 
 town, oppidum r., Caes. B. G. 7, 21. 
 Fig.: to hold one's own against an- 
 other, jus suum contra aliquem r., Cic. 
 Verr. }, 14, 7}. VI. '''" *** *" ''** ^^' 
 jnyment of an office : g6ro, ssi, stum, j : 
 to h. the office of consul, praetor, etc., 
 consulatum, praeturam g., Cic. : Liv. 
 { pass.). N.B. — Very oft. not exactly 
 expressed : while h.ing the office of con- 
 sul for the fourth time, quartum consul 
 (in apposition), Cic. Sen. 4, 10: cf. L. G. 
 \ 589, 2. VII. T'^ entertain an opinion : 
 teneo, 2 : with sententiam, Cic. Fin. i, 
 
 10, J4 (but the phr. denotes rather the 
 maintenance of an opinion than the 
 mere entertaining of it). Usu. expr. 
 by sentio : to h. this opinion, sic putare, 
 existimare, etc. : v. to think, maintain ; 
 OPINION. VIII. To deem: habeo, diico, 
 existimo : v. to consider (IV.), think. 
 
 IX. To have, treat : esp. in phr.. to 
 h. in honour, aliquem in honore habere, 
 Cic. Att. 7, 2, fin.: when an adj. is 
 used, sometimes without prep. : to h. in 
 especial honour, praecipuo habere ho- 
 nore, Caes. B. G. ;, 54 : to be held in some 
 degree of honour, aliquo esse numero 
 atque honore, Caes. B. G. 6, ij, iiiit. 
 X. To check, stop : Phr.: to h. 
 one's tongue, tacere : h. your tongue, 
 pray, tace modo ! Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 16: PL; 
 tene linguam, Ov. F. j, 602 (continere 
 linguam, only in sense of habitually 
 keeping control over ones language, Cic. 
 y. Fr. I, I, ij): reticere (where some- 
 thing is kept secret) : in truth I cannot 
 h. my peace, enimvero reticere nequeo, 
 Ter. Heaut. 2, ?, 79 : to h. one's breath. 
 animam comprlmere, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 28 : 
 to h. one's hand* {keep them off any 
 one), m.imis comprimere, Ter. Heaut. j, 
 J. Z9. XI. ''" eoniluct elections, meet- 
 ings, etc. : 1. habeo, 2 : to A. the coti- 
 sular elections, comitia consulum h., 
 Liv. J, 20 : Cic : to h.a levy of troops. 
 
 delectuni h., Caes. B. G. 6, i : Cic. : to h. 
 a discussion, disputationem h., Cic. Rep. 
 I. 7. 2. ag'J. t^gi, actum, j: esp. in 
 phr., conventus a., to h. the circuits or 
 assizes, Caes. B. G. i, 54. B. in- 
 trans. : |, 'Jo reniain fast : perh. 
 
 maneo, permaneo : v. to remain. ||, 
 'Jo be true, or applicable : convenit, 
 venit, 4 (lolL i)y in, ad): any one of 
 these things will h. oj' me, in me quidvis 
 harum rei-um convenit, Ter. HeauL. 5, 
 I, J : neither of tltvse h.s of every kind 
 of land, neutrum horum ad omnem 
 agrum c, Varr. B. R. i, 19: cl. Cic. 
 SuU. 7, extr. |||, To think: censeo, 
 existimo, etc. : v. to think. See also 
 foil. artt. 
 
 hold back: |. Trans.: 1. 
 retineo, 2 : to h. oneself back {in dis- 
 course), se ret., Cic. Leg. i, 19. extr- : 
 Virg. 2. reprehendo, j (to take hold 
 of in order to check : rare in lit. sense): 
 to h. back runaways with the hand, 
 fugientes manu r., Liv. J4, 14. 3. ^^- 
 voco, I (in fig. sense) : to h. any one back 
 from Clime, aliquem a scelere r., Cic. 
 Cat. 3, 5, 10 (but the verb implies that 
 the thing is already entered upon) : cl. 
 id. Clu. 5, 12. II. In trans.: to show 
 hesitation : 1, perh. gravor, i {to 
 make difficulties about doing anything) : 
 cf. Cic. Clu. 25, 69, sed primo gravari 
 
 coepit post exoratus, he at first 
 
 {affected to) h. ba/:k .... afterwards was 
 prevailed upon : I woidd not h. back, if 
 
 1 had c<mfidenee in myself, ego non gra- 
 varer, si mihi ipse confiderem, Cic. Am. 
 5, init. Comp. the use of the adv. 
 gravate, Cic. Off. j, 14, 59, gravate ille 
 primo, he at first {pretends to) h. back. 
 
 2. cunctor, i : v. to hesitate. 
 
 cheap : 1. negligo, exi, ectum, 
 
 5 : to h. money cheap on occasion, pecu- 
 niam in loco n., Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 8 : Cic. : 
 v. TO DISREGARD. 2. parvi facio : v. 
 
 to VALUE. 
 
 fast : 1. retineo, 2 : to h. a 
 
 vessel fast with a grappling-iron, navem 
 injecta manu ferrea r., Caes. B. C. i, 58. 
 Esp. fig. : to h. fast ti-uth and honour, 
 et veriiateni et fidem r., Cic. Am. 24, 
 init.: v. to RETAIN. 2. amplexor, 1 
 (to cling to : fig.) : to h. the faster to 
 one's decision, judicium suum am. ac 
 tueri, Br. in Cic. Br. i, 11, extr. 3. 
 
 mordeo, moniordi, niorsum, 2 {to clasp 
 tight : poet.) : a clasp held fast Iter 
 dress, mordebat fibula vesteni, Ov. M. 8, 
 318: Virg. See also T(J MAINTAIN. 
 
 forth or out: A, Trans. : 
 
 1. Lit.: to stretch out : \. por- 
 rigo, resi, rectum, j : to h. out the hand 
 for the purpose of giving anything, 
 manum ad tradendum aliquid p., Cic. 
 
 Clu. 26, fin. : V. TO STRETCH FORTH. 
 
 2. tendo, tetendi, sum and tum, ? : 
 she held out little lulus to his father, 
 parvum patri tendebat lulum, Virg. 
 Join: porrigere atque tendere, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 40, fin. 3. extendo, di, tum, 
 } : he held out his neik and presented 
 it for hisfreedman {to sirifce), extentam 
 cervicem liberto praebuit, VeU. 2, 70 : 
 
 Cic. : v. TO STRETCH FORTH. 4. CX- 
 
 s6ro, ui, num. i {to put forth to view) : 
 to h. out the tongue in mocker ij, linguam 
 ab irrisu ex., Liv. 7, 10: Virg. I^-e- 
 quent., exserto, 1 : Virg. 5. praebeo, 
 
 2 (to offer ; place at any one's disposal) : 
 cf. supr. (3): v. to present, offer. 
 Phr.: j«e too have held out our hand 
 (lit. have withdraum it) to the rod, et 
 nos manum ferulae subduxinius, Juv. i, 
 15 (but manum praebuimus is good 
 Lat. : cf. cervicem praebere, Petr. 97 
 Veil.) : to h. out the {helping) hand, 
 manum dare. Quint. 2, ?, 7. ||. Fig. : 
 to exhibit, show a prospect of; J. 
 ostendo, di, tum, i : to h. forth hopes to 
 bad men, spem improbis os., Cic. Agr. 
 I. 8, init.: to h. out expectations of a 
 gift, munus os., Cic Fam. 9, 8, init. 
 fVequent. ostento, I (to keep h.ing out 
 or offering) : to h. out reuards and in- 
 timidations, praemia, metiim os.. Sail. 
 
 ! Jug. 2J. 2. propono, pOsui, Itum, j : 
 
 ] to h. out great rewards, magna praemia 
 
 p., Caes. B. G. 5, 58 : Virg. : v. to offer. 
 
 B. 1 n t r a n s. : \, Toh. forth 
 i. e. to speak : contionor, contionem 
 habeo: v. to harangue. ||. 'To h. 
 out, i. e. endure: v. to hold out (11.). 
 
 hold in : 1. inhibeo. 2 : to h. in 
 horses {from going toojast), equos inh., 
 Ov. M. 2, 128 (equos sustinere, Cic. Ac. 
 2, 29, 94, is to pidl up; in which sense 
 Liv. has frenos inli., 1, 48, med.). 2, 
 cohibeo, contineo, etc. : v. to restrain. 
 Phr.: to h. in the reins, frenos or frena 
 ducere, adducere : v. reins. 
 
 off: V. TO KEEP OFF. 
 
 on : teneo, 2 : to h. on one's 
 
 course, cursum t., Caes. : Cic. 
 
 out : \. 'Jo present : v. to 
 
 hold FoitTH. II. 'J'o endure : 1. 
 sustineo, 2 : tliey {the besieged) could no 
 longer h. out, sese diutius s. non posse, 
 Cae>. B. G. 2, 6, extr. : Cic. Fam. 12, 6, 
 extr. : oftener an ace, such as vim hos- 
 tium, impetum, is added : v to with- 
 stand. Simly. frequent., susienio, i 
 (implying frequent attacks) : had ttiey 
 not been relieved, they could not luire 
 held out any longei; nee nisi subventum 
 foret, ultra sustentaturi fuerint, Liv. 
 i4. '8. 2. perfero, i, in: (usu. with 
 
 an ace.) : v. to endure. 3. resisto. 
 J : V. to resist. 4, diiro, i (to la.st 
 out) : V. TO ENDURE. 5. obiliiro, I 
 (to persist) : Join: perferre et ob- 
 durare, Ov. Tr. 5, ii, 7 : Cic. 
 
 to: \. To apply: admoveo, 
 
 movi, tum, 2 : to h. a Jirebrand to any 
 one's {face), facem alicui ad., Cic. Phil. 
 2, 12,^«. : v. TO APPLY. II, To cling 
 to: teneo (cf. to hold, VIL), amplexor 
 ac tueor (v. to hold fast) : v. to main- 
 tain. 
 
 up : I. To lift vp : 1. 
 
 toUo, sustiili, sublatum, j : to h. up one's 
 hands {in astonishment), manus t., Cic. 
 Ac. 2, 19, 6;. 2. sublevo, i: v. to 
 LIFT UP. 3. erigo, rexi, ctum, 3 {to 
 
 elevate from a depressed position) : h 
 up your heads, *erigit€ capita ! Oft. in 
 fig. sense, we h. up our hecuis {take cojt- 
 rage), erigimur, Hor. S. 2, 8, 57. ||, 
 
 To keep from falling : sustineo, 2 : to 
 h. oneself up from falling, se a lapsu s., 
 Liv. 21, }; : Caes. Frequent, sustento, 
 I (to make eff'orls tn h. up), Virg. Aen. 
 10, iJi. Ill, Of the weather, to be- 
 
 come fair : if the weather h. up, si 
 sudum erit. Cic. Fam. 16, 18, fin.; more 
 precisely, *si coeluni serenius fiet; si 
 imbres se cohibebunt. 
 
 with : consentio, 4 r v. to agree 
 
 WITH. Phr.: those who h. ivith J'lato, 
 Aristotle, illi a Platone, Aristotele, Cic. 
 Mur. ;o,fin. 
 
 hold {interj.) : perh. olie ! cf. Hor. S. 
 I, ;, 12, ohe ! trecentos inseris ! 
 
 holder : I. one who holds : expr. 
 by verb : v. to hold, hold with. ||. 
 An instrument for holding : perb. re- 
 ceptaciilum (v. i^at. Diet. s. v.), or capu- 
 lus {that which one holils a thing by) : 
 V. HANDLE. (Retinaculum, tenaculum, 
 are for holding a thing fast by.) 
 
 hold-fast : 1. nbiila {for fasten- 
 ing beams together): Vitr. i, 5, j: Caes. 
 2. uncus (a clamping-hook) : Hor 
 Od. I, ??, 20. 3. iuisa ferrea (= pre- 
 ced.): Vitr. 2, 8. 4. 
 
 holding {subs.): conditio: the best K 
 {of lands), optima c, Cic. Agr. }, 2, 9. 
 
 hole: |. An aperture : 1. f6ia- 
 men, inis, n. {a h. pierced): the h. of a 
 fiute, tibiae f., Hor. A. P. 20}: falling 
 into a gidly-h., prolapsus in f. cloacae. 
 Suet. Gr. 2. 2. cavum, cavus: he 
 made a number of h.s in the wall, 
 murum crebris c. aperuit, Liv. 24, 34, 
 med. : stop up the h. you have made, 
 cavum quem teceris obturato. Col. 12, 
 8, init. 3. laciina (a cavity) : Varr. : 
 Lucr. Phr.: to make a h. (or h.s) in 
 anything, pertundo, tildi. tfisum, j (v. 
 to bore) : to make a h. through tht 
 bottom of a cup, p. calicem per fundum, 
 Cato, R. R. 52 : a vessel with h.s in it, 
 pertusum dolium, PI. Ps. 1, }, 150: 
 Lucr. Phr.: to dig a h. in a waU, pane, 
 tem perfodere, PI. : a garment full ofh.s, 
 vestiinentum lacenira (v. ragged). ||, 
 The abode of mice, etc. : 1. cavum
 
 HOLIDAY 
 
 HOM E 
 
 HOMEWARD- BOUND 
 
 cfivus: to make their h.s (of mice), c. 
 facere, Catx>, U. R. 128 : cf. supr. ('2). 
 2. cubile. Is, n. : to dig their h.s {"i 
 moles), c. fodere, Virg. G. 1, l8j. 3. 
 rovea: Vulg. Luc. ix. ;8 : not class, in 
 tliis sense, v. imtkall. |||, A wrettlwd 
 ahode: v. no\Kl,. 
 
 holiday : 1. dies festus (day of 
 religious J eslimtij): v. fkstivai.. 2. 
 ffiriae, arum (strictly, like preced. ; de- 
 noting a succi'.isvm of such dai/x) : the 
 Latin h.s. f. Laiinae, Liv. : Cic. : v. Diet. 
 Anliq. p. 529 (for which I.,alinae, absoL, 
 is frequent, Cic. y. Fr. 2, 6, med.) : oltiMi 
 in gen. sense, legal h.s, forenscs f., Cic. 
 de Or. }, 22, exlr. .- to keep h. for three 
 days, f. triduuni habere, Cic. IjCg. 2, 22, 
 extr. ; f. observare, Macr. Sat. i , 16, 
 init. ; f. agere (in looser sense, to indulge 
 in jollity), I'elr. 24. 3. dies feriatus : 
 Plin. Kp. 10, 12(24), '• Phr. : In keep 
 h., feriari, Macr. .S. Scip. i, 7- but the 
 use of any part of ttie verb e.xcept 
 p. part, ien&lus {= keeping h.) is rare : 
 keeping h. from public toil, a negntiis 
 publicis feriutns, Cic. de Or. j, 15, _/ih.: 
 Varr. : servants keeping h., famuli ope- 
 rum (^operibus) soluti, Hor. Od. ?, 17, 
 extr. : a jMrtial It., dies interci>us, M'lcr. 
 Sat. I, 16, init. N.B. — Best word for a 
 xetiool h., dies feriatus (cf. supr.); but 
 may usu. be cxpr. by pbr. : to-day is a 
 h., hodie ferias aginius ; a literanim 
 studils feriatl simius : to ask a whole h., 
 rogare ut toto die ferias agere liceat. 
 
 holily : sancte (so'upulously, cmisci- 
 eiiliously) : Cic. 
 
 holiness : sanctllas (purity, consci- 
 entiousness) : C\c. : V. -SANCTITY. (Vulg. 
 in Hebr. xli. 10, has sanctificatio : conip. 
 
 HOLY.) 
 
 hollo : 1. ''ens : h. there some one ! 
 '■uine out, h. aliquis, exite : I'l. .Merc. 5, 
 2, 67: Ter. 2. ^ho (denoting sur- 
 prise) : PI. : Ter. : v. HO ! 
 
 hollow (o-y)- I. I^it-: 1. 
 
 cavus : o h. shell, c. concha, Virg. : h. 
 trunks, c. trutici, Hor.: to he good for 
 h. teeth, cavis dentium prodesse, Plin. 
 ;o, J, 8. 2. cavatus (that has been 
 
 holloxved out) : 'neath some h. rock, sub 
 rupe c, Virg. Aen. j, 229: h. eyes, c. 
 oculi, Lucr. 6, 1192: /'. teeth, c. denies, 
 Col. 6, 29. 3. concavus (ccmcaee, 
 
 Iwlltnved inivards) : h. rocks, c. saxa, 
 Virg. G. 4, 49 : Cic. 4. exesus (eaten 
 out, as the trunk of a tree) : a rave itt a 
 h. tree, exesae arboris antrum, Virg. G. 
 4, 44: h. teeth, ex. dentes, I'lin. jo, j, 8 : 
 (.els. II, Of sounds, deep, Imv, as if 
 issuing from a cavern : *(sonitus) qualis 
 ex cavernis exiens ; murmuri similis : 
 cf. Plin. 2, 80, 82. III. Fig.: vain, 
 unreal : 1, vilnus (empty, unsubstan- 
 tial): Hor.: Sen. 2. tfinii<liis (pi</?ed 
 out and making an empty shmv ; not 
 so In Cic.) : a h., unsuhslaidial, fickle 
 thing (popularity), res t.. \ana, ventosa. 
 Sen. Ep. 84, II. 3. fucatus (counter- 
 feit, insincere): .loin: lucatus et simu- 
 latus (opp. to siiicer\is atque verus), Cic. 
 Am. 25, 9?. (Fucosus = s/ioiwj/, and .-^o 
 more or less insincere: cf. Cic. Att. i, 
 18, I.) 
 
 hollow (subs.): 1. civema, oa- 
 vemula: v. cavity. 2. civuni (gen. 
 term) : the sej^ret h.s of thf tarth, occulta 
 terrae c, Plin. 2, 79. 81 : the h. if a 
 fluting, striae c, Vitr. : comp. hole "(I.). 
 3. lilcuna (a depression of surface) : 
 not to have h.s or projections (of a pave- 
 ment), non habere 1. neque exstantes 
 tumulos, Viir. 7. 1.4: Varr. 4. 
 alveus (poet.) : the h. (f a decayed ilex, 
 Titiosae ilicis a., Virg. <i. 2, 45 ?. Ph r. : 
 tite h. of the hunil, cava nianns (opp. to 
 maims plana, the flat liand). Sen. Ep. 
 ?6, init.: Suet.; oiva patiua. Virg. Aen. 
 8, 69 : vola is the natural h. of the 
 palm, Plin. 11, 4;, 105 
 
 hollow (!'•): 1. c^vo, I : the fan 
 
 of a drop h.s the stone, stilUcldl casus 
 
 lapidem c, LuiT. i, ?I4: to h. out ships 
 
 /rom (rets, naves arboribus c, Liv. 21, 26. 
 
 2. excavo, I (to h. out): to h. out 
 
 a S'(Kip, trullam ex., Cic. : Plin. 
 
 hollowing (S"'«) •■ excavatio: Sen. 
 
 hollowness: chiefly fig.: 1. 
 
 vanitas (emptiness, unreality) : Cic Am. 
 26, 99. 2, more freq. expr. by vanus, 
 etc. : to learn the h. of earthly things, 
 *terrestria quam suit vaiia exiHjriri : v. 
 liMKTV (II.). 
 
 holly : * ilex aqnifolium (Cycl.). 
 Perh. agrifolia or aquil'ulla in Plin. 24, 
 U. 12. 
 
 holly - hock : v^vh. malva : v. 
 
 JiALi.ow : alihaea rosea; M. L. 
 
 holm-oak : ilex, Icis, m. (the ever- 
 green oak) : Virg. (*f|ucrciis ilex, Linn.). 
 Made of h., ilignus, Ter.: Virg.; ilig- 
 neus, Col. : a grove of h.s, ilicetnm. 
 Marl. 
 
 holocaust : •h616caustum, Prud. ; 
 *h61ocanstoma, atis, n. ; Tert. (Vlctinia 
 <iuae tola Igni cremalur.) 
 
 holy : sjinrlus (in cla.ss. I>at., conse- 
 crated, pure ; and of moral character, 
 irreproachable, consiientious : q. v.) : 
 the Holy .■Spirit, s. Splritus, Vulg. (pass.) : 
 Kccles. Scr. : be ye h., for I am, h.. ». 
 erilis, quoniara ego s. sum, Vulg. I Pet 
 1. 16: v. SACKED. If. vater, perh. aqua 
 lustralis, Ov. Pont, j, 2, 7J. 
 holy-day : festus dies: V. HOLIDAY, 
 homage : I. As f.udal term : 
 
 Ph r. : to do h. (to a feudal superwr), 
 fidelilalem .jurarr, Lib. Feud. 2, ;: the 
 formula of h., forma fideUlatis, ib. 2, 6; 
 jurainenlum fidelitatis, ib. 2, 7. Some- 
 times the late Lat. homagium may be 
 indi.spensable to precision of expression. 
 II.' In gen. sense, resjuct. reverence: 
 observantia, verecundia : v. rem'Kct. 
 homager: v. vassal. 
 home {subs.) : 1. dSmicilium 
 
 (usual abode) : to hare one's h. (place of 
 residence) in Italy, d. in Italia baltere, 
 Cic. Arch. 4, 7 : PI. Fig.: to go to the 
 skies, as to one's h,. in Cfulum quasi in 
 d. 3uum pervenire, Cic. Tu.-^c. i, 11, 24. 
 Join; sedcs ac domicilium [collocarej, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, j, 6. 2. d6mus, us 
 or i (the latter only as locative), /. : 
 esp. in the forms, domi, at home; do- , 
 mum, to (me's h. ; domo, from h. (after 
 a verb of motion) : in other uses ^ /iOi/*e, 
 esp. a city luiuse (v. housk) : (i), at h., 
 domi : at h. and in the field, belli domi- 
 que, .Sail. .fug. 41 ; cf. Cic. Off. 2, 24, 8;, 
 vel belli vel domi ; belli domique, Liv. 
 9, 24; niilitiae el domi, Ter. Ad. j, 5, 
 49 : the possess, prons. meae, tuae, suae, 
 may l)e added either for empha.sis or 
 distinction: cf. Cic. Fam i ?, 69, apud 
 euni tui, lanquam domi meae, / was as 
 much " at home " as if I had been at 
 home : Ter. : (ii). homeuards, to one's 
 home, domum ; of a number, usu. domos 
 (mcain, tuam, suam, etc.. may be added, 
 as above) : escorted h. at evening, 
 domum reductus ad vespenini, Cic. Am. 
 J, 12 : that they should return to their 
 several h.s, d. suam quemque reverti, 
 Caes. B. <i. 2, 10 : cf. swis quisque 
 abirent domos, Liv. 2, 7, init. : (iii). 
 fr'mi h., denoting motion : those u-ho 
 'would not leave their h.s, qui domo exire 
 nolebant, Cic. Fl. 6, fin. (Occasionally 
 domo = at home: Varr. R. R. i, 8, 
 I iuit.) 3. tecium (any shelter, under 
 a roof) : v. habitation. 4. Ii"", 
 
 laris, m. (melon. : strictly, the house- 
 hiild god): sometimes with familiaris: 
 that ire should nmvhere have a h., nobis 
 I. familiarem nusquam esse. Sail. Cat. 
 20: to leave one's h., 1. familiarem suum 
 relinquere, Cic. Verr. 5, 1 1, 27 : esp. poet,, 
 to be drivm from h., lare pelU, Ov. F. 
 6, 562: Mart. (Lar conveys with it 
 more of the dome.itic sense : cf. Liv. 26, 
 25, med., urbe, teclo, mensa, lare, re- 
 cipere : where lare denotes the most 
 intimate degree of a.ssociatlon.) 5, 
 
 fScus (melon.), v. hk.auth. Phr. : at 
 h. (^"within," i.e. in the house), intus : 
 is your brother at h. f eslne Iraier intus ? 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 2. Jo (Cic. Sen. 4, 12, has 
 intus domi<iue, where intus refers to 
 privacy, domi to home occupatuni) : 
 away from h., peregre, foris, foras (the 
 last after a verb of motion : v. abroad) : 
 to be " not at h ." to any one, alicui ociupa- 
 timi (I i t. engaged) esse. Cic Sen. 10, ?2 : 
 he is making himself at h. there in her 
 house, intimum ibl se apud illam facit. 
 
 PI. Mil. 2, I, jo: that slays much at h 
 (in-driois), umbratilis, umbraticus (r 
 in-doob): quite at h. in any subject, ir 
 aliqtia re multum [et saejie] verfatus 
 Clc. Quint. I. J; to be quite at h. in 
 U7wient hisU/ry, • tolam antiquitatem 
 penilus cognitam pcrspectamque habere. 
 
 home (adj.) : 1. d6mestlcus (a/>- 
 peitaining to house or family) : v. ix*- 
 mestic. 2. umbraillis, e: v. preced. 
 art. ad fin. Cic. Joins domesiica disci- 
 plina vitaque umbratilis (the latter term 
 implying a repioach), rn.<c. 2, 11, 27: 
 Col. 3. umbrailcus (like preced.) : 
 Quint. : Gell. : v. iN-iKiOit. For phr. a 
 home thrust, v. foil. art. 
 
 home ("'^''O •■ I. Lit.- homewanU, 
 to home: d5mum, domos ('</" niwe tlutn 
 one): v. HOM K, ««6«. (2). ||. l-ig. :in 
 certain phr.: (i). to drive h. (a veapoii), 
 strike ft. : Sdlgo, egi, actum, } (folL by 
 such an ace. as ferrum, lelum) : Liv. 27, 
 49, init.: Just. 1, 9, exlr. Phr.: to 
 strike h. (deal a home thrust), viialia 
 ferire (deed a mmlal wtjund). Quint. 5, 
 12, 22; gravem plagam facere (to ivjlict 
 a serere uound), Cic. Or. 63, 228 (two 
 latter phr. used tig.), (il). to come h. to 
 anyone; to affect deeply: Phr.: Uiot 
 remark came h. to him witli great force, 
 quod verbum in pectus ei alle descendit, 
 cf. Sail. Jug. II, fin. : not to cimie h. to 
 the heart so powerfully, segnius Irritare 
 aiiimos, Hor. A. P. 180 : to come h. to the 
 heart, cor tangere, animos commovere 
 (v. heart. 111.). (N.B.— Perlinere, in- 
 leresse, cadere, convenire, denote only 
 that something 15 apjilicable, not ihat 
 it actually comes h. to the person whom 
 it concerns.) 
 
 home-bred: 1. dOmesiicns ('«- 
 longing to house or home) : Cic. ; Col. : 
 V. DOMESTIC. Fre<j. in fig. sense, ft. 
 crime, d. scelus, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, ad init. 
 2, vernaculus (produced at home, 
 not imported) : v. native. Join: 
 fcrimenl dome.sticum ac vemaculum, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 61, 141. 3. intesUnus 
 
 (hg., of thai which originates at home) : 
 v. INTERNAL. 4. gcuuinus (native: 
 
 somewhat rare): ft. viitius, g. [domes- 
 ticaequej virtutes (opp. to artes irans- 
 maiinae, importatae), Cic. Kep. 2, 15. 
 ( xtr. 
 
 homeless: sine leclo, teclo carens 
 V. HoLsi., home." See also exiled. 
 
 homeliness : pprh- rustidlas (plain 
 country ways): I'lin. Kp. i, 14, 4: cf. 
 Plin. alt. !5, 4, 9. M. Agrippa vir rust>- 
 citati projiior quam deliciis: Ov. Or 
 expr. by adj. : v. homely. 
 
 homely ; 1. rusUcus (plain, as in 
 the country) : ft. trvth, r. Veritas, Mart. 
 
 10, 72, 10: a ft. rvde eipre.'Sion, r. vux 
 et agrestis. Clc. de Or. }, 11, 42. Some- 
 what A., subruslicus, Cic. 2, agre.-tis 
 (stronger than ruslicus, and implying 
 something of boorishne.'is) : v. supr. (I). 
 Smneichat so, subagrestis, Cic. 3. 
 plebeius (suitable to the common people) : 
 ft. language, p. sermo, Clc, Fam. 9. 21 
 (:= quotidiana verba). 4. crassus 
 (coarse): ft. attire, c. veslis, cf Hor. S. 
 1, 3,15. Fig.: h.mother-nit,c. Minerva, 
 Hor. S. 2, 2, }. 5. vulgaris, e (v. 
 cojimon) : ft. fare, cibus v.. SueL Aug. 
 76; vulgaria, Hor. S. 2. 2, j8 (cilms 
 tenaia'iA light, scant fare). 6. rudis, 
 incondltus,' etc. : v. um-olisiied P h r. : 
 in a ft. manner, rustice, Cic: Hor ; 
 suhvuslice, (iell. 
 
 home-made: dOmesUcus, Temacii- 
 lus : V. iioME-nuED. 
 
 homeric: Hdmericus: Cic. 
 
 home-spun: domesiicus, domi fac- 
 tus: V. Mi>Mi;-5iADE. For fig. sense, v. 
 homely (a). 
 
 home-sick: *q"em tecti larisque 
 sui desideriuni tenet: cf Cic ham. 2, 
 
 11. minim me de.-iderium tenet urbls. 
 home-sickness : 't'-cn «• lai^s sui 
 
 desideriuni : v. i.ongixg. 
 homestead: sedes. damlcllium: v. 
 
 AKOliK, HOME. 
 
 homeward : diSmum, dOmum ver- 
 sus : V. HOME (I., ii.) ; TOWARDS. 
 
 homeward-bound: q"i (quae) ic 
 
 patriam re\.,t, cursum suum dirigit, 
 
 m
 
 HOMICIDA L 
 
 HONOUR 
 
 HOODED 
 
 homicidal : emeritus, sanguInSlen- 
 
 tns : V. BI.OOU-STAINED. 
 
 homicide: I. The slayer-, homl- 
 cida : Cic. : v. murderer. ||. Tke 
 
 deed : 1, bSniii ulium : h. is atimed 
 
 for by a certain numher of cattle, luitur 
 h. certo arnienlnrura nuniero, 'I'ac. G. 
 21: Petr. : V. MURDER. (N.B.— Homi- 
 cidiiim had not the legal sense of the 
 Eng., as distinguished trom murder.) 
 2. caedes (honiinis) : Cic. Mil. 5, 
 I J. Phr. til br>-i7ig ill a verdict of 
 juttijiable h., *homiiierei recte ac jure 
 caesum decernere, cl. Cic. Mil. ;, 8. 
 
 homiletic : *h6mlleticus as theol. 
 t,t. Assubs./ioOTi'<e(ic.s*(ars)honiileliia. 
 
 homily: sermo, tructaius: v. SER 
 HON. (As theol. t. t., *h6milia, Fabric. 
 Bibl. Gr.) 
 
 homoeopathic : *homoeopathicus. 
 
 homoeopathy : *niediciiia homoeo- 
 pathica (quai' dicilur). 
 
 homogeneity: *siniilis natura. 
 Phr.: there must be h. of parts, *partes 
 necesse est in eodem genere reperiantur. 
 
 homogeneous : *pari natura prae- 
 ditus. H. elements, *quae in eodem 
 gfiiere sum. 
 
 homologous : the h. sides, *ea. latera 
 quae consimilem rationem inter se ha- 
 bent. 
 
 hone : cos, cotis, /. .- Cic : v ■whet- 
 stone. 
 
 honest : 1. probus : v. good, up- 
 right. 2. sincerus {getiuine, free 
 from deception of any kind) : v. sin- 
 cere. 3. simplex, ids {straightfor- 
 ward, frank) : v. sisiplr. 4. anti- 
 quus (strictly, old-fashioned : hence 
 honest and naive, simple and unsus- 
 pecting) : good, h. souls, judging others 
 from their own nature, homines a., qui 
 ceteros ex sua natura fingerent, Cic. 
 R. Am. 9, 26: cf. 'I'er. Ad. j, }, 88, 
 homo antiqua virtute ac fide, "an h. 
 man of the old genuine sort." 5. 
 friigi, strictly dat. of frux, but used 
 as adject. : comp. friigalior, -issimus 
 (strictly, tending to pro/it : hence, use- 
 ful, worthy, honest) : h., sober men, 
 homines frugi ac sobrii, Cic. Verr. 5, 27, 
 67 : so h. and so chai^te (Penelope), tam 
 f. tamque pudica, Hor. .S. 2, ;, 77 cf. 
 Cic. Font, i;, 29. tanta viriute atque 
 integritate ut .... solus .frugi (opp. to 
 nequam) nominaretur : often used as an 
 epiihet of a good, h. slave, servus f. 
 atque integer, Cic. Clu. 16, 47: Hor. 
 Join: (homo) frng.ilissiiuus, sancti-ssi- 
 mus, Cic. Fl. 29, 71. See also incor- 
 RUPTrBLE. (N.B.- Not honestus, which 
 
 is HONOURABLE.) 
 
 honestly : 1, sincere : V. SIN- 
 CERELY. (I'Tiibe = rightly, iveU.) 2. 
 ex b6na fide (in perfe<t good faith : 
 freq. in legal phrase): Cic. de Off. J, 16. 
 66. 3. recte {by right means) : make 
 money ; h. if yon can, rem facias ; recte 
 si possis, Hor. Ep. 1,1,6;: v. rightly. 
 
 4. sine fuco et tallaciis (in doivn- 
 right. h. teims): Cic. Att. i, i, init. 
 
 5. ex animi mei (tui, sui) senten- 
 tla (in accordance tvith om-'s leal senti- 
 vtents ■ a I gal phrase used in appealing 
 to a person in court for the trulh): cf. 
 Cic. de Or. 2. 64, fn. : PI. . Liv. Phr.: 
 amongst the hokrst one should act h., 
 inter liono^ bene agier(=agi) oporlet, 
 Cic. Off. 1. I-, 70. 
 
 honest"' : 1. prflbltas : Cic . V. 
 
 upright.n'RSs. 2. sinceritas (.free- 
 
 dom from guile and insincerity) : 
 Phaedr. 4, i ? ?. Join: probitas sin- 
 ceritasque. (thII. 14, 2, ad init. 3. 
 
 fides, 6i, /. (1,01 id faith) : a man of xreV- 
 knoiim iind t ied h., vir notaeque et ex- 
 pertae f , (iell. 1. c. : justice in matters 
 «f trust is called h., jusiitia creditis in 
 rebus f. nominarur. Cic. Part. 22, extr. 
 
 honev (•«"');.); mel. mellis, n. : to 
 Piake h. (either as bees; or to prepare 
 It from the comb), mel or mella con- 
 ficere. Col. 9, 1 1 and i; : to take h. (from 
 the hiv's). mel capere, Plin. 11, 1;, 1; : 
 clear h thai haj Jiu red from the comb, 
 m. liquatum. Col. I.e.: h. of the finest 
 quality, of second quality, mel optimi 
 saporis, secundae notae, Col. I. c. : the h. 
 
 harvest, mellis vindemia. Col. 1. c. init. : 
 Plin. II, 14, 14: tu gather h. (as bees), 
 mella contraht-re, Plin. 11, 5,4. Fig.: 
 poetic h.. poetica mella, Hor. : speech 
 sweeter than h., melle dulcior oratio, Cic. 
 Sen. 10, ji. Also as term of endiMr- 
 ment, cf Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 8, init., 
 Sempronium mel ac delicias tuas: in 
 which sense occur also mellitus (honey- 
 sweet), cf. Cic. Att. 1,18, init., cum mel- 
 lito Cicerone ; iind melilla (dimin.), PI. 
 Phr.: to make h. (as bees), mellificare, 
 Virg. in Dooat. : Plin. : the making of 
 h., mellificium, Varr. : Col.: the taking 
 of h. (lit. ci/mbs), exemplio favorum, 
 Col. 9, 14 : Varr. 
 
 honey i<ulj-) •■ melieus : h. colour, m. 
 color, I'lin. 
 
 honey-bee : ap's mellifera (poet.) : 
 Ov. 
 
 honey-comb ; favus : cic : Virg. : 
 more fully mellitus 1., Varr. R. R. j, 16, 
 med. : to remove the h., f. eximere, 
 Varr. 1. c. : to construct Ihe h, favos 
 fingere, Cic. ; f. confingere, constniere, 
 Plin. (N.B. — Not used fig.: for which 
 sense v. honey.) 
 
 honeyed: 1. mellitns (_/Z<tuoured 
 n'ith honey) : h. cake.'', m. placentae, 
 Hor.: Varr. Fig. h. moulh/uts of 
 words, m. verborum globuli, Petr. i, 
 fn. 2. mulsus : h. milk, m. lac, 
 Plin. 10, 22, 27 : Cato. Fig. : h. words, 
 m. dicta, PI. 
 
 honey-harvest : melUs vindemia 
 (v. honey); mellatio. Col. : Plin. 
 
 honeysuckle: perh. clymenus: Plin. 
 (♦Lonicera, Linn.). 
 
 honey-sweet: 1. meiieus: h. 
 
 .flavour, m. sapor, Plin. 15, 14, 15. 2. 
 mellitus : v. honeyed. 
 
 honorary: hOnorarius: anh. guar- 
 dian, tutor h. (= honoris causa datus), 
 Paul. Dig. 23, 2, 60 } 2. 
 
 honour (subs.) .■ |. Distinction 
 shoiin : 1 honos, oris : h. the reuard 
 of wmth, h. praemium virtutis, Cic. Br. 
 81, 281 : to show h. to any one, h. alicui 
 habere, Cic. pass.; tribuere (implying 
 that it is due), Cic. Fin. j, 22, init. ; h. 
 praestare, Ov. : also, honore aliquem affi- 
 cere, Cic. Deiot. 5, 14 : to hold any one 
 in h., habere aliquem in h., Cic. Fam. 
 7, 2, fin. : in high h., praecipuo h. ali- 
 quem habere, Caes. B. G. 5, 54: it is 
 looked upon as an h., quod honori duci- 
 tur. Sail. Jug. II. Esp. used of offices 
 of distinction : to arrite at tlie highest 
 h.s, ad summos h. pervenire, Petr. 116; 
 ascendere ad honores, Cic. Br. 68, extr. 
 2. dficus (an oi-namenl, a mark of 
 distinction) : v. r.LOitY. 3. dignitas 
 (status of honour) : to render to every 
 one the h. tliat is due, suam cuique tri- 
 buere d., Cic. Inv. 2, 5J, 160: v. dig- 
 nity. II, Observame of a ceremo- 
 nial kind ; esp. in phr.. funeral h.s : 
 1. justa, orum (the proper formali- 
 ties) : to pay the last h.s to his father, 
 omnia paterno funeri j. solvere, Cic. 
 R. Am. S,fin. : justa facere. Sail. ; J. con- 
 ficcre, Caes. : v. funeral. 2. su- 
 
 prema, orum : to pay the last h.s to 
 soldiers and general, s. solvere militibus 
 ducique, Tac. A. i, 61 (freq. in Tac.) : 
 Quint. See also compliment. |||. 
 Heputation : fama, existimatio : v. re- 
 putation, ly Of a woman, maid- 
 enly purity : pudicTtia. piidor: v. chas- 
 TrrY. Phr.: to rob a woman of ho- h., 
 decus muliebre expugnare, Liv. 1, 58: 
 but the expr. is iiiglily rhetor.: usu. 
 better, pudicitiam alicui eripere. Cic. Mil. 
 4, init. : also, p. expugnare, id. C!oel. 20, 
 49; spoliare, ib. 18, 42: pudorem ra- 
 pere, Ov. V, True honirurahleness, 
 nobility, virtue : 1. hSnestas : cf. 
 
 Cic. Off. I, 2, 4, in officio colendo sita 
 vitae est h. omnis (all true h.), et in 
 negliirendo turpitude: to lose all h., om- 
 nein h. amittere, Cic. R.Am. 59. 114: 
 lost tn all pretence of h.. ab omni [noii 
 modo h., sed etiam] simulatlone hones 
 talis relictus, Cic. Rab. perd. 8, 2}. 
 •f o 1 n virtus et honestas et pndor, Cic. 
 Rab. pord. 8. 24. 2. honestum (neut. 
 adj. in purely abstract sense: 01, ly in 
 phil. lang.): h. it either virtue itself. 
 
 or what is done n-ilh virtue, honestum 
 aut ipsa virtus est aut res gesta cum 
 virluie, Cic. Fin. 5, 2J, 66 : Sen. : v. 
 virtue. 
 
 honour ("•)■ 1. w'o. ni. cultum, 
 i (to treat respectfully): to est' em and 
 h. one's fiieiids, aniicos diiigere et c, 
 Cic. : V. to worship, respect. 2. 
 h6nesto, l (to beston hunour upon) : no 
 one has ever obtained such praise as you 
 by your deaees h. me v ith, tantam lau- 
 dem quanta vos me vesiris decreiis h. 
 nemo est assecutus, Cic. Cat. 4, 10, 20 : 
 •Sail. Join: [hominemj augere atque 
 honestare, Cic. Off. 7, 6, 21. Strength- 
 ened, colionesto, l : Cic. : Liv. 3. 
 expr. by honos and a verb (only with 
 ref. to persons) : as, honore aliquem af- 
 ficere, etc. : v. honoir (I.). 4. ho- 
 noro, I (= honore afficio : but with ref. 
 to persons or things : somewhat rare) : 
 every one tlten h.'d worth, nemo tum 
 virtutem non honorabat, Cic. Ph. 2, 2, 4: 
 to h. any one's lieath by general m(mrn- 
 ing, alicujus mortem publico luctu h., 
 ib. 2, 3, init. 5. decfiro, i (to adorn): 
 usu. with some such abl. as laude, fania: 
 Cic: V. TO ADOKN, grace. 6. celebro, 
 
 I : V. TO CELEBRATE. 
 
 honourable: j. Enjoying honour -. 
 1. honrstiis : distinguished and h 
 plebeian families, amplne et h. familiae 
 plebeiae, Cic. Mur. 7, 15: Liv. 2. 
 lionoratus (that is in the enjoyment oj 
 lionour, whether ileserving it or voL ; 
 whereas honestus implies desert) : illus- 
 trious and h. men, clari et h. viri, Cic. 
 Sen. 7, 22. Sometimes the antithesis 
 between honestus and honoratus is in- 
 sisted on, cf. Cic. Br. 81, 281 : Liv. 3, 
 ampins (stronger than \>receA. := distin- 
 guished): Cic. ||, Doing or cortfei- 
 i~ing honour: 1, honorificus ; comp. 
 -centior, -centissimus: h. Tnention, h. 
 mentio, Cic. : very h. terms, honorificen- 
 tissima verba, Cic. Very h., perhonori- 
 fictis, Cic. 2. honorilbilis, e (rare) : 
 Cic. Sen. 18, 6}. 3. eXpr. by h6no8 
 (Ireq.): it uas x'ery h. to my friend 
 Milo, that...., honori summo nostro 
 Miloni fuit, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58 (cf. L. G. 
 } 297) : to be regarded as very h., summo 
 in h. esse, Cic. (v. honour): to receive an 
 h. discharge (of soldiers), cum honore di- ' 
 mitti, Tac. H.4, 46, /in. |||. In moral 
 sense, crmsistent with true h. or virtue : 
 1. honestus : an h. emulation, h. 
 certatio, Cic. Am. 9, J2 : comp. honour 
 (V., 2). 2. bOnus (as gen. term) : to 
 get money r?i an h. manner, pecuniam 
 b modo invenire, Plin. 7, 45, 45 : v 
 G(X)i), UPRIGHT. 3. pulcher, chra, 
 
 chrum (like Gk. icaAos) : a most h. ex- 
 ample, pulcherrimum exemplum, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 77. Join: maximum atque 
 pulcherrimum [facinus], Sail. Cat. 20. 
 See also glouihus. 
 
 honourably : _ \. so as to confer 
 honour : honorifice, comp. -centius, -cen- 
 tissime (in an honourable or compli- 
 mentary manner) : he could not have 
 been treated more handsomely or h., 
 nee liberalius nee honorlticentius se 
 posse tractari, Cic. Fam. 13, 27. ||. 
 With credit, so as to deserve credit ; 1, 
 honeste : to act very h., valde se h. ge- 
 rere, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 10 (oftener in sense 
 III. v. ir,fr.). 2. eum [magna, sum- 
 ma] hiude : a prize most Ji. gained, 
 *praemium cum summa 1. adeptum. 
 Phr.: to die h., bene mori (R. and A.); 
 emori per virtutem, Sail. Cat. 20. |||, 
 Vprightly, virtu/msly : honeste : to say 
 anything rightly and h., aliquid recte 
 h.que dicere, Cic. Rep. i, 2 ■ comp. id. 
 Off. ?, JO, 109. See also honestly. 
 
 honoured: (pait adj.): hSnoratus: 
 the h. Achilles, h. Achilles, Hor.: Qc: 
 v. honourable (1. 2). 
 
 hood: 1. ciicullu.- (/or ;)J"otecti(»i 
 against rain, etc., t'ol. 1, 8, post init.)i 
 Juv. : Mart. 2. palli61um (irorn by 
 delicate or effeminate persons : cf. Quint. 
 II, 5, 144, palliolum . . . . sola excusare 
 potest vaietudo) to put on a h., p. im- 
 ponere capillis, Ov. A. A. I, 734: Sen. 
 
 hooded (part, adj.) : patlidlatus 
 Suet. : Mart.
 
 H O U D - L 1 K K 
 
 H O K N E T 
 
 HO K b E 
 
 hood-like: *palliiili simiUs, pallio- 
 iurii refereiis : v. I'lin. 26, 8, };. 
 
 hood-wink : PtI'- vi.Tba do (cornice), 
 ludiruor, lacto : v. to dfx'Kivk. 
 
 hoof: 1. iiiigula (vhether clortn 
 or not): Varr. R. R. 2, 5 : Cic. (Unguis 
 denotes the siymmts of a cloven li., 
 Varr. I.e., nee cujus ungulae divariceiit, 
 et cujus umjiwt sini levcs et pares). 
 2. coriui, US {any homy substance): 
 Cato, R. R. 72: Vfg. 
 
 hoofed {part.): \. *mignl.is ha- 
 bens: V. hoof. 2. cornaiiis (.>): v. 
 Gesn. l>?x. Rust. s. v. 3. connpes, 
 pgdis (poet.) : Virg. Aen. 7, 779. 
 
 hook (subs.) : 1. liamus (<'sp. 
 
 fw calchivji Jifh) : to catch Jish vilh a 
 h., pistes li.iiiio capere, Cic. : Hor. : Uv. 
 Dimin. hamulus (a snuiH h., esp./o?" sur- 
 gical use): Cels. : afuiUing-h.,h. pisca- 
 rius, ri. St. 2, 2, 17. 2. uncus (a 
 large iron h.): beams with an iron h. 
 fattened at the end, asseres fcrreo u. 
 praefixo, Liv. jo, lo,Jin.: used in dra(?- 
 ging the corpses of criminals, Juv. 10, 
 66: Cic. 3. Ifipus (a hooked engine 
 of u-ar) : I.iv. 28, i. 
 
 hook (''•)•" e.\pr. by hamus and a 
 verb : to h. a very large Jis-h. *nia\imo 
 piscl h. inipingere : v. preced. art. 
 
 hooked : 1. banmlus {furnished 
 with hooks): h. claws, b. ungues, Ov. M. 
 12, ;6j: Cic. 2. uncinatus (like pre- 
 ced. : V. rare) : Cic. Ac. 2, j8, 121, hama- 
 tis uncinatisqwe corporibus. 3. iiduii- 
 cus {hook-shaped) : a h. beak, rostrum 
 ad. [Joined w itli hamati ungues], Ov. 1. c. : 
 o h. stafi' {the lituus), ad. baculus, Liv. 
 I, 18: Cic. 4. Cl)uncus (= preced. : 
 poet, and rare): o h. beak, rostrum ob., 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 597 Ov. 
 hookedness: adunclias (rare): Cic. 
 hook-nosed: adunconaso: v. hook- 
 ed (3). 
 
 hoop : 1. circulus {any ring) : to 
 surround vessels {barrels) nilh h.s, vasa 
 circuits cingcre, Plin. 14,21, 27: Suet. 
 2. armilla (usu. ornamental : v. 
 bra<;elet) : Vitr. 10. 2 (6), 11. 3. 
 trScbus ( plaything) : Hor. A. P. jSo : 
 Ov. : Mart. 
 
 hooped: circuliscinctus: v. hoop. 
 hooping-cough : *tiissis clamosa, 
 clangosa, ferina : med. t. t. in R. 
 and A. 
 
 hoopoe: 1. upupa: Van-.: Plin. 
 
 2. Spops, opis, m. (Gr. eiroi//) : Ov. 
 hooK"): I. Lit.: of owls: perh. 
 gJmo, J; cf. Plin. 10, 12, 16. nee cantu 
 aliquo vo<alis [liubo] sed gemitu: or 
 qugror, j (poet.) Virg. Aen. 4, 46;: 
 or (as gen. term), canu, j : cl. Virg. G. 
 I, 404, seros exenei noctua caiitus. 
 II. Fig.: to cry out violinitly 
 against: 1. obstrCpo, ui, ituni, } 
 
 (with dat., or absol.) ; the decemvir is 
 h.'ddmm, decemviroobstrepitur, Liv. j, 
 49: Sail. Cat. Jl, /in. : Cic. 2. ac- 
 clamo, I (less strong than the Eng., and 
 in later writers = to applaud): cf. Cic. 
 Br. 7?, 256. 3, explodo, j (strictly, 
 to clap off the stage) : v. to hiss. 
 
 hoot, hooting {subs.) .- gemitus, can- 
 tus, Ciimien : v. preced. an. 
 
 hop (sw'w.) •• I, A spring : *saltus 
 (aliero pede factus): v. lfap. ||. The 
 plant : perh. Ifipus, Plin. 21, 15, 50 (*hu- 
 mulus lupus, Linn.). 
 
 hop ("■)■■ I. As a bird: salio, Tvi, 
 ii and III, lliini, 4: I'lin. 10, ?8, 54 {sa- 
 liunt aliae rave>J, lit passeres, merulae). 
 To h. about, circiimsllire. Cat. ?, 9. jj. 
 Upon onelrg: *uno (altero) pede salio : 
 V. TO LF.AI". Phr. : (people) who ruv 
 h.ing on one leg, singulis cniribus sal- 
 tuatim curreiites, (iell. 9, 4, n,ed. (but 
 singulis pedibus cannot be used of one 
 person). 
 
 hope (subs.): I. In gen. sense: 
 spes, 6i, f. (also used in sense of erjiec- 
 union) : great or liwly h., magna, Ixiiia 
 8., Cic. : to entertain h., s. habere, Cic. 
 pass:. : to be led to eidertain h., in spem 
 (alicujus rei) venire, Cic. Kam. 9, i ; In- 
 gredi, lb. 12, 2? ; addiici, id. Mil. 28, 78 : 
 / am in great h.s, miiirna si)e siimus, 
 Cic. Att. 6. I, 20; niiigiia me s. tenet, id. 
 TuBC. 41, init. : perished is all our h.. 
 
 otcidit 8. omnis, Hor. 0<1. 4, 5, 71: v. 
 Kxi'KCTATioN. Diiiiin. specuU. a gleam 
 of h. : yet I u^ed to citeer myself with. 
 Ifiis faint h., hac lamen oblecwbar s., 
 Cic. Kam. 2. 16, ad Jin. To be without 
 h.. desperare v. to UFaPAiK. ||. The 
 forlorn h. : perh. *perdlta, sacra, devota 
 niniius. 
 
 ho lie (v-'): spero, I (foil, by ace. and 
 inf., or direct ace : also absol.) : Cic. : 
 Cat-s. (pojss.) Phr.- to Ucul any one to 
 h., speiii aliciii afferre alicujus rei, Cic. ' 
 Alt. J. 22; spem facere, ib. J, 16: cf. 
 preceil. an. ' 
 
 ho eful: f. Entertaining hove- '. 
 cxpr. by spes: I om h. though not san- 
 guine, 'spc nonnulla nee lamen magna 
 "sum : cf. HOPic. II. (iiviiig promise 
 of good : bonae spei : cf. Tac. Agr. 9, 
 ixtr. Phr.: such a h. son, (Blius) tali 
 ingenio pracditus, I'er. 
 
 hopefully: """ s'"e spe (aliqua), 
 cum m:igna (bona) s[)e : v. hope. 
 
 hopeless: I. Entertaining no 
 
 hope : *e.\spes (poet, and late) : Hor. 
 A. P. 20: h. of life, ex. vitae, Tac. A. 
 6, 24. Phr.: to be quite h. about any- 
 thing, nulla [de aliqua re] spe esse, Cic. 
 Att. 6, I, 20; des[ierare de aliqua re, 
 Cic.: Caes. (v. to dI'Spair). _ j|. Af- 
 fording no hope : 1. desperatus : v. 
 nKspERATF. 2. deploratus (given over 
 by a physician : late) ; in full, d. a me- 
 dicis, i'lin. 7. 50, 51. 
 
 hopelessly: desperanter (v. rare): 
 Cic. Att. 14, 18: or expr. by circuml., 
 sine ulla spe, ne minima qiiadam spe: 
 V. hopf:. I'hr. : lo be h. ill, sine spe 
 salutis aegrotare, cf. Nep. Att. 21, fn.; 
 insanabili morbo laborare, cf. Plin. Kp. 
 J, 7, '"»'■ 
 
 hopelessness: I. BopeUss state 
 of mind : desperatio : v. despair. _ ||. 
 Desperate condition: expr. by despera- 
 tus : V. DESPERATE. 
 
 hopper : of ?. mill, iufundibulum : 
 Viir. 10, 5 (10). 
 
 horde : expr. by vagus : cf Sail. Jug. 
 18, (Gaetuli) vagi, palantes, qua nox 
 coegerat sedes habebant : ib. 19, Gae- 
 tulos oajros agitare: tjiiint. 
 
 horehound: marrubium: Plin. 
 
 horizon : 1. orbis finiens (defined 
 as, <iui aspectum nostrum definit), Cic. 
 Div. 2, 44, 92 ; circulus finiens. Sen. 
 ^- Q- 5. 17' 2: or simply, finiens, fiiiitor. 
 Sen. 1. c. 2. horizon, ontis, 7/i., ace. 
 -onla (Gr. opi'^uji') : Sen. 1. c. (used by 
 him as a loreign word) : Macr. : Hyg. 
 (N.B.— The above terras should be used 
 only in scientific sense ; the looser mean- 
 ing may be <xpr. by prospectus, con- 
 spectus ; he examiuei the whole h., om- 
 nem prospectum late petit, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 181 : cf. ib. 184. navem in ajnspectu 
 nullam .... pidspicit : v. sight.) 
 
 horizontal : ninatus : Vitr. : V. 
 LK.\ 1 I.. A h. plane, libramenlum (?), 
 Cic. Ac. 2, ?6, 116. 
 
 horizontally: perh. ad llbram (on 
 a lerel) : Caes. B. C. j. 40. 
 
 horn: I. Natural: comu, us or u, 
 n. : Cic: Plin. Wad« 0/ A., coriieus : a 
 lantern of h., laterna c, Marl. 14, 62, 
 lem. : having h.s, comiger, comutus 
 (v. horned). II, Artificial, something 
 made of h.: 1. cornu: amis, h.s, 
 trumpets, arma, cornua, tubae, Cic. Sull. 
 ;, 17 : to pow in through a h. (funn'l), 
 per c. infundere. Col. 6, 1. 2. buccina 
 (a wind instrument) : the hoarse h., 
 rauca b., Virg. : Ov. 
 
 hornbeam : carplims. i, / .- Col. : 
 Plin. Made of h., carpineus, C!ol. : Plin. 
 
 hornblower : cornicen, Inis, m. : 
 Cic. : Liv. 
 
 horn-book: perh. llbellus elemen- 
 torum (K. ami A.). 
 
 horned : 1. comutus : h. beasts, 
 cornuui (sc. animalia), al. cornutae (sc. 
 Ixsiia-), Varr. 2, 7 Col. 2. corni- 
 ger, era. f rum (chiefly prx-t.) : h. stags, 
 c. cervi. Lucr. : Ov. : Virg. .\eut. pi. 
 coniigt-ra (sc. animalia), h. cattle, Plin. 
 
 Ii. J7. S? 
 
 hoi net : crabro, 5nis, m. : Virg. 
 Plin. P ro v., to stir up a h.'> ne>t, irrl- 
 tare crabrones, PI. Am. 2, 2. 84. 
 
 horn-lantern : lalerna cornea, Mart 
 14. 62, lem. 
 
 homy : 1. comeus : h. beak, c 
 
 rostrum, Cic. N. I). I, j6, i;i Plin. 2. 
 corneOlus (rare and o! small obj>-cts) : 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144. 'Jo grow /i., cor- 
 nes'cre. Plin. 11. 49, 109. 
 
 horologe: bOrolOgium: Cic: I'lin. 
 
 horological: horoiogicus: Capi-ii. 
 
 horosco e : 1. horosc6pus (t. 
 rare): IVr-. 6, 18: Aug. 2. genesis, 
 is,/, (table if nutivitiei) : the h. if the 
 emperor, g. imperatorla, Suet. Ve>p. 14: 
 Juv. 6, 579. Usu. better ex|ir. by as- 
 truni, coelum, etc.: to have Uie some h., 
 uno astro es.se, Cic. Div. 2, 47, mit. : if 
 tliere tiere anything in h.s, si ad rem 
 pertiiieret quo modo coelo aftecto cora- 
 positisque sideiibus unusijuisque oria- 
 tur, Cic. 1. c. cf. temperalio lunae coe- 
 lique nioderatlo, Cic. ib. 2, 4;, 94 : both 
 our hji agree, uirumque nosirum con- 
 sentit aslrum, Hor. Od. 2, 17, 22. I'hr. 
 to maintain the rrliability of hs, nata- 
 licia praedicta defendere, Cic Uiv. 2, 
 42, 89. An instrument for catting ha, 
 liorostopium, Sid. 
 
 horoscopy : genethliaiOgia, Vitr. ; 
 geiietliliriee, es, Capell. : v. asTBOIXjGY. 
 
 horrible : 1. hornbilis, e (fU to 
 excite a shudder or alonn) : ah. spec- 
 tatle, spectaculum h., Sail. Jug. loi. 
 fin.: Caes. Join: telra horriblllsque 
 [pestis], Cic. Cat. i, ?. 11. 2. ''or- 
 rendiis (like preced. but chiefly poet.): 
 A. to toM, horrendum diclu ! Virg : Hor.: 
 Liv. (Horriler, horrincus. rare and only 
 poet.) 3- ioedus (revidting. shock- 
 
 ing): h. sliirms,i. tempestates, Liv. 25, 
 7 : a most h. uar, bellum loedissimum, 
 Cic. Att. 7. 26, extr. : v. frightful 
 4, nfifilrius, nfifandus (in moral 
 sense): v. abominable. See also 
 
 HORRID. 
 
 horribleness : foeditas. e.g..suppli- 
 
 cii, ^pectaculi, Liv. i, 26, 23. 
 
 horribly : 1. horrendum (poet.) : 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 288. 2. horriblli 
 
 modo : v. HiiRRiBi.E. (Not horride, 
 which is loughly, severely^ 3, foede : 
 V. Fi;i<;nTFnLLY.(?) 
 
 horrid : \, Hough, rugged : horrldus, 
 horreiis: Virg. ||. Exciting horror: 
 1. horridus (more freq. in sense 1): 
 to present a more h. appearance, hor- 
 ridiore as|iectu esse, Caes. B. G. 5, 14: 
 Hor. 2. borribilis, e : v. horrible. 
 3. atrox, ocis (saoiige, unrelenting): 
 such a h. tempest, adeo a. tempe.stag, 
 Liv. 21, 58. 4. dirus v. drkadfoi- 
 
 horridly : v. horribly. 
 
 horridness: v. horribi.f.nes.«. 
 
 hoixify : 1. perh. percello, culi, 
 
 culsum, J (to daunt, dismay) : Cic. Verr. 
 !. 5". f">- 2. exaninio, 1 (to render 
 breathless or dishearten with fear) : thete 
 wtrrds h. me, oratio haec me ex. metu, 
 'i'er. And. i, 5, 10 : Cic (but the expr. 
 is less strong than the Kng.). 3. hor- 
 rifico, I (rare and poei.): Virg. Aen. 4, 
 465. Phr. : I am A.' J to recal it, hor- 
 resco referens. Virg. Aen. 2, 204 : we 
 flee h.'d at the sight, ■iiniigimus vl.-u ex- 
 sangues. ib 212: / am h.d lo tee, me 
 [luridus] occupat horror spectantem. . ., 
 Ov. M. 14, 198. See also horror; to 
 
 TF.HKIFY. 
 
 horror: I. -^ shivering: horror: 
 Cels. \\,' Excessive far : 1. horror: 
 immortal gods, nhat h. seized me, di 
 immorUiles, qui me b. perliidill Cic 
 Alt. 8, 6: V. TO noHRiFY (extr.). 2. 
 pavor: V. FEAR, PANIC. |||. Strong 
 
 atvrsion: Odium: v. hatred. 
 
 horse : I. "'e animal : 1. gquus, 
 /. Cqua: )i.s s'uitalile firr milHa'y pur- 
 poses, for draught, for covering, e. ad 
 rem niilitiirini idonei. ad veciiirani. ad 
 admissurani. Varr. R. R. 2, 7: bieed of 
 h.s, (equorum) stirps. Varr. I. c Caes.: 
 Cic. : Virg. 2. cabiillus (a castrated 
 h.: eqiiiis b'inp usu. an entire h.): a 
 marl.et-gard'ner'sh.,o\\lnrif. c, Hor. Ep. 
 I. 18, ?6: l.ucil. 3. cant(5rius (=1 ca- 
 l)jillus) : (ritiing) on white h.s, albis c., 
 Cic N. P. ?, 5. II : V. GELDING. (N.R— 
 I'he terms raballus, canterius, are not 
 used in elevated prose nor in verse.) 
 }7<»
 
 HORSEBACK 
 
 HOST 
 
 HOSTLER 
 
 4, vgredus (a light posting-h.) : 
 Cod. Just. 12, jr, 4: also used for kunt- 
 iiig. Mart. 12, 14, I. 5. mannus (a 
 nyiall kind of Gallic h. ; used for dratight 
 by the weaWty): he siveeps the Appian 
 road with his h.s, Appiam mannis terit, 
 Hur. Epod. 4, 14 : Lucr. : Prop. P h r. : 
 belonging to h.s, equlnus ; h. cattle (horses, 
 collect.), equiuum pecus, Vair. K. K. 2, 
 7 : a h.'s tail, equina cauda, Hor. : also, 
 caballinus (less freq.) : h.-Jtesh, caro 
 caballina, Plin. 28, 20, 81 : Pe'rs. : a stud 
 of h.i, equaria, Varr. R. E. 2, prooeni. 
 {in. Pro v.: one must not look a gift 
 h. in the mouth, equi donati denies 
 non inspiciuntur, Hier. (in Forcell.) : to 
 spur tlie willing h., addere calcaria cur- 
 rent!, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, I. II, Cavalry : 
 eques, itis ; eqwitatus, us ; equestres 
 copiae : v. cavai.rv. |||. An instru- 
 ment supported on legs : pprh. asellus : 
 cf. Pall. I, 18. (Kquuleus denotes a h.- 
 tliaped instrument of torture : v. rack.) 
 
 horseback : P h r. : to ride on h., in 
 equo vehi, Cic. Div. 2, 68, init. ; also 
 without prep., equo vehi, or of habitu- 
 ally doing so, equo vectari, Just. 41, J ; 
 caballo vectari, Hor S. 1, 6, 59 ; also 
 equo gestari, if for exercise. Mart, i, 12: 
 to fight on h., ex equo pugnare, Cic. N. I). 
 2, 2, 6: to be able to ride well on h., 
 equo bene uti, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28. (N.B. 
 — In the above phr., the pi. of equu* 
 must of course be used where more than 
 one are spoken of.) 
 
 horse-boy: agaso, onis: V. GROOM. 
 
 horse-breaker : domitor (equorum) : 
 Col. 6, 2, ad init. 
 
 horse-breaking: domitura (equo- 
 rum): CoL 6, 2, init. 
 
 horse-chesnut : *aescuius hipp5cas- 
 
 lanus (Linn.). 
 
 horse-cloth : (equi) stragiilum, stra- 
 giila vestis: ct. Dig. 50, 16, 45. (Ephip- 
 piuni, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, etc. ; and stratum, 
 Liv. '7, 14, denoted the saddle and 
 liamess.) 
 
 horse-dealer : (*negotiator) equa- 
 rius, jumentarius: v. foil. art. 
 
 horse-dealing : negotlatio equaria : 
 trip, (in Kr.) ; negotium equarium, Aur. 
 Vict. 
 
 horse-doctor: vgterinarius, medi- 
 cusequarius; V;il. Max.: v. farrikr. 
 
 horse-dung : steicus (fimum) equi- 
 num, caballlnum : Script. R. R. 
 
 horse-flesh : caro equina, caballina : 
 V. HORSE. . 
 
 horse-fly : tabanus : V. GAD-FLY. 
 
 horse-guard : perh. stipator eques- 
 tris. 
 
 horse-hair: piuis equinus : v. hair. 
 
 A h. cushion, *pulvinus pilo equino 
 fartus: cf. L. G. j 590. 
 
 horse-laugh : cachinnus {any loud 
 laugh) : V. ladgh. 
 
 horse-leech : v. horsr-doctor. 
 
 horseman : eques, itis, c. .- Cic. : 
 Liv. Phr.: to be a very good h., equo 
 optime uti, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28 ; equo ha- 
 bilem esse, Liv. 24, 48, nied. : he is no h., 
 in equo haerere non potest, cf. Cic. 1. c. ; 
 nescii equo haerere, Hor. Od. ?, 24, 5;. 
 
 horsemanshin : expr. by equlto, I : 
 they teach them h. and archery, eq. et 
 sagittare docent. Just. 41, 2: pride in 
 h., equitandi laus, Cic. Tusc, 2, 26, 62. 
 Phr.: to be remarkable for good h., 
 habilem equo esse (v. preced. art.) : 
 tea's of h.. *ludicrum equestre: to give 
 an exhibition of h., *desultorum spec- 
 taculuni edere (v. to f.xhibit: desul- 
 tores were persons practised in leaping 
 frmn, one horse to another, etc.). 
 
 horse-DOnd: *slagnum equis ad 
 aquandum idoneum. 
 
 horse-race : cnrrlcuUmi equorum 
 (which includ s chariot-rai:es) : Cic. Leg. 
 2, 15, 58: niort- precisely, certatio eques- 
 tris (certamen eq.), cf. Cic. I. c. 
 
 horse-radish : armOracia (-urn) : 
 Col.; Plin. 
 
 horse-shoe : solea : to put golden 
 h.s on one's cattle, suleas jumentis suis 
 ex auro indue re, Plin. j ?, 1 1, 49 : v. 
 Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v. (where it is shown 
 that the hoise-shoe of the ancients, usu- 
 ally made of broom, or heath [solea 
 l8o 
 
 spartea, or simply spartea], was in- 
 tended only for occasional use, and was 
 not permanently fastened on with nails) : 
 07- calceus (equi); cf Plin. 11, 4;, 10;. 
 (N.B.— Not vestigium : which in Plin. 
 28. 20, 81, vestigium equi exc ussum un- 
 gula, is apparently the cake of earth 
 fm-ming in the hoof, and expressing its 
 shape.) 
 
 horse-soldier : eques, itis : Caes. : 
 Liv. 
 
 horse-stealer : abigeus: Ulp. Dig. 
 
 4'j, 14, I ; abigeator, Paul, in Forcell. 
 (the abigeus decoyed horses or other 
 animals frmn the place uhere tliey fed 
 in herds : the stealer of a horse from a 
 place of security was a fur : Ulp. 1. c). 
 
 horse-tail : plant, equlsetum : Plin. 
 
 horse-trappings : phalCrae, arum : 
 Liv. : Virg. 
 
 horse-whip (subs.) -. fiagellum, scii- 
 tica : V. WHfi'. (Virga ad regendum 
 equum is a riding-vjhip.) 
 
 horse-whip (c.) .- verbero, i ; as 
 pcuis. vapulo, I : V. TO beat. 
 
 hortative, hortator.v: hoitativus 
 (rare, and only as rhet. t. t.) : Quint. : 
 otherwise expr. by hortor, cohortor : v. 
 
 TO EXHORT. 
 
 horticulture: hortomm cnltus(cul- 
 tura) : Col. 10, pref. : the science (or 
 practice) of h., hortorum disciplina, 
 Gesn. in Lex. Rust. 
 
 horticultural : ad hortos, ad hoito- 
 rum cultum pertinens : v. gardkn. 
 
 hosanna : hosanna : Vulg. Matt. 
 xxi. 9. 
 
 hose : I. As article of clothing : 
 V. breeches, stockings. II. A leather 
 pipe for caiTying tcater : tubulus crasso 
 corio, Vitr. 8, 6 (-}), 8. 
 
 hosier : *feniinalium ac tibialium 
 venditor (.-'). 
 
 hosiery: *feniinalia, tibialia cetera- 
 que ejusdem generis. 
 
 hospitable: hospitalis, e (strictly 
 implying that the persons entertained 
 SiTe foreigners or strangers): a most h. 
 and friendly man, homo hospitalissimus 
 amicissimusque, Cic. Verr. 2, i, 26, 65; 
 ct. id. Off. 2, 18, extr. : a h. shade, h. 
 umbra, Hor. 2, J, 10: h. board, mensa 
 h., Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48 (but the phr. 
 denotes simply, the board to which a 
 stranger or gwst has been invited). 
 yhr.: to be h. to everybody, *omnibus 
 libenter hospitium praebere, libenter 
 omiies hospitio excipere (v. to enter- 
 tain); niultorum hospitum (or convlva- 
 rura, if the reference is to taltle-guests) 
 esse (cf. Hor. S. I, 9, 44) ; a h. dining- 
 room (which unU hold many guests), 
 triclinium populare, Plin. Ep. 1, j, init. 
 
 hospitably : hospitaUter : Liv. : 
 .Just. : comp. preced. art. Oft. libera- 
 liter, comiter, benigne, will serve : v. 
 
 liberally , HANDSOMELT. 
 
 hospital : 1. valetudlnarium : 
 
 Cels. pref. ad fin. : Sen. 2. nSsoco- 
 
 mium (late) : Just. Cod. i, 2, 19, where 
 diff. kinds of h.s (or asylums) are men- 
 tioned, e. g., orphanotrophium, geronto- 
 comium, brephotrophlum (foundling 
 h.). Lying-in h., *parturientibus recep- 
 taculum(?): R. and A. suggest lecho- 
 trophlum, but without giving any au- 
 thority. 
 
 hospitality : I. As disposition or 
 quality : 1, liospitalitas (strictly, 
 
 towards strangers): Cic. Off. 2, 18,64: 
 Mart. 2. liberalitas (gen. term for 
 open-handedness ) : cf. Cic. 1. c. : Nep. 
 Cim. 4. II. The entertainment given : 
 hospitium : to entertain icith country h., 
 agresti h. accipere, Cic. Att. 2, 16, extr. : 
 to receive with sumptuous h., magnifico 
 h. accipere, Cic. Div. 2, J7, 79 (excipere, 
 if a person is taken in on a journey) : 
 PI. Phr.: to shoui every kind of h. to 
 any iliat might call at his house, omnia 
 praebere, quicunque in villam suam 
 devertisset, Cic. Off. 2, 18, extr. .- to avail 
 oneself of another's h., in aliciyus (do- 
 mum, villam, etc.) devertere; alicujus 
 rebus frui, Plin. Kp. i, 4. 
 
 host ; I. -''« entertainer : 1. 
 
 hospes, itis, to. (Gr. feVos, denoting the 
 mutual relation of host iind guest : v. 
 
 GutsT) : Hor. S. 2, 6, 107 : in prose, hospes 
 should only be used=: host, where the 
 sense is clear : cf. Cic. Deiot. j, 8, hospes 
 hospiti (as guest to host) dexteram por- 
 rexisti: v. .stranger, friend (4). 2. 
 convivator (entertainer at table) : Lir. 
 J5, 49, med.: Hor. 3. caupo: v. 
 
 INNKEEPER. ||, An immense number : 
 1. multitiido : v. multitude. 2. 
 agmen, iiiis, »(. (any large body in move- 
 ment) : a h. of raceris, a. corvorum, 
 Virg. G. I, j8i : a thronging h. of per- 
 sons coming to iielcome him, densissi- 
 nnim et laetissimum obviorum a.. Suet. 
 Cal. ij: V. train. .So also examen 
 (=exagmen) : Hor. Od. 1, ;5, }i. 3. 
 in milit. sense : copiae magnae, ingentes, 
 
 tantae quantae (so vast a h.as. . . .): 
 
 V. FORCES, ARMT. 4. sexcenti, ae, a 
 (coUoq., and denoting atiy indefinitely 
 large number) : a h. of letters, s. epis- 
 tolae, Cic. Att. 7, 2, i : trecenti is also 
 used in same sense: cf. Hor. S. i, 5, 12, 
 ohe ! trecentos inseris, you are taking on 
 board a regular host '. PI. |||. The 
 consecrated ivafer : *hostia (lit. victim) : 
 Hook's Ch. Diet. 
 
 hostage : obses, idis, c. ; to give or 
 receive h.s, obsides dare, accipere, Caes. 
 to levy h.s of any one, obs. alicui im 
 perare, Cic. Manil. 12, extr. : to exchange 
 h.s, obs. inter se dare, Caes. B.C. 1,9: 
 to gir^ h.s as security fen- money, obsidi- 
 bus de pecunia cavere, Caes. B. G. 6, 2. 
 
 hostel, hostelry : caupona : v. inn. 
 
 hostess : 1. hospita : Cic Verr. 
 2, 2, }(>,extr.: Hor. 2, caupona (at 
 an inn) : Prise. 6, } (p. 684). 
 
 hostile: 1. hostiUs, e (strictly 
 with ref. to those at open var) : on h. 
 (■^enemy's) soil, h. in terra, Cic: h. 
 feelings tov:ards the slate, h. animus 
 in reropublicam, Br. in Cic. Br. i, 4 
 (■where the sense is not merely un- 
 friendly feelings, but those of a declared 
 enemy') : Hor. : 'lac. 2. hosticus 
 
 (=: preced., but less freq.) ; the h. sicord, 
 h. ensis, Hor. S. i, 9, n : A. territory, h. 
 ager, Liv. 44, ij, init. 3. ininiicus 
 (personally unfriendly): Cic: Liv.: 
 V. unfriendly; enemy (2). 4. it>- 
 festus (denoting vehement and active 
 hostility) : a nation most h. to the Ro- 
 man name (the Gauls), gens infestis- 
 sinia noniini Romano, .Sail. Cat. 52 : Cic. 
 Join: inimiCMS infestusque, Liv. 22, 
 jg. 5. infensus (sim. to preced. : but 
 referring more to feeling [^offended, en- 
 raged^, as infestus more to actions): 
 .Join: infensus [animus] atqne inimi- 
 cus, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, init. Q, 
 
 avereus . v. OKFRNDrn. 7. alienua 
 (est! anged, unfriendly) : to entertain h. 
 feelings tonards any one, animum al. 
 ab aliquo habere, Cic. R. Am. 46, extr. ; 
 in aliqiiem, Caes. B.C. 1,6. 8. ini- 
 quus : v. unfavourable. 
 
 hostilely : 1. hostmter : Cic : Lir. 
 2, inimice : Cic. : Liv. 3. iri- 
 feste : Cic. : Liv. Join: inimicissime 
 atque infestissime, Cic. Quint. 21, 66. 
 4, infense (esp. of speaHng under 
 the influence of an gry feeling) : Cic: 
 Tac. (N.B. — For. syn. v. hostile.) 
 
 hostility : I. ?%« disposition of 
 
 mind : 1. animus hostilis, inimicus, 
 inlensus: v. hostile. 2. odium: v. 
 hatred. II, Usu. in pi., hostile opera- 
 tions : 1. expr. by arma, bellum : 
 to commence h.s, arma coeptare, Tac. A. 
 12, J2 ; ad arma ire, Liv. 9, J2 : h.s were 
 commenced against the Samnites, ad- 
 vcrsus Samnites mota arma, Liv. 7, 29 : 
 formally to announce h.s, bellum aliquo 
 ritu indicere, Liv. i, 52 : religious 
 scruples prevented the immediate decUv- 
 ration and commencement of h.s, ne con- 
 festini bellum indiceretur neve exercitus 
 mittereiitur, religio obstitit, Liv. 4, jo. 
 2. e.xpr. by hosiilis. e : to begin 
 h.s (commence an engagemievt), hostilia 
 coeptare, Tac. H. ), 70: hostilia facere. 
 Sail. Jug. 107, is to act the part of an 
 enemy. Sometimes bello, 1 (to carry on 
 h.s), may serve; esp. in pass, impers.: 
 h.s neve caiiied on, (quibus) bellatum 
 
 est. Liv. 7, 29. 
 hostler: v.ostlek.
 
 HOT 
 
 HOUSE 
 
 HO USE-R ENT 
 
 hot : I. L i t. • 1. calidus (most 
 gen. term) : to drink iflial n h, calidum 
 bibere, PI. Cure. 2, }, 14: o A. suti, c. 
 sol, Gell. : Clc. : yuint. The fern, caliila 
 (sync, calda) is often used vm subs. (sc. 
 aqua) ■=h. uuter, Cato. K. U. 156 Sen. : 
 Mart. 2. fervtns, ferviUus (jglmuing 
 or boiling hot) : boilimi It. ivater, furveiis 
 aqua, Clc. Verr. 2, i, 26, Jin. ; as h. as 
 it can be nwuie, fervenlissima,C!ol. 12, 50, 
 fin. : h. ashes, cinis fervens, I'lin. 25, 8, 50 : 
 Caes. : v. glowing. 3. l^lnden^, ntis : 
 V. RED-HOT. 4. aestiiosus {oppres- 
 
 sivel;/ h., saUnj) : a h. and dusti/ ruad, 
 ae. et pulverulenta via, Cic. Att. 5, 14: 
 the S. vind is h., ae. (est) auster, I'lin. 
 2, 47, 48 : Hor. To be h. : (1). caleo, ill, 
 2 : / gidjied it doti~n ; for it nas so very 
 h., obsorbul, nam niniis calebat, HI. Mil. 
 ?, 2, 22 : ue perceive that fire is h., senti- 
 mus c ignem, Clc. Jmrpt., calesco, j 
 (to become or j/roiv h.) -. Cic. : Ov. (2). 
 ferveo (and vo), vl and bul, 2 and rarely 
 } (to be glowing h.) : r. to gi/jw. (3). 
 aestuo, I (to be uncomfortably h.) : when 
 he ii'os too h., quiim aestuaret, Cic. Ac. 
 2, 22,70: Ov. : Jur. II, Ofjlavours: 
 fervidus : a h., acrid tastf, sapor acer et 
 f., I'lin. 20, II. 40: esp. of wines, /tfa<- 
 ing, heady: I lor. |||. Fig.: of eager 
 passion: calidus, fervidus: v fkrvid, 
 ABDENT. IV. A\>t> tig., furious, vio- 
 
 lent : 1, acer, cris, ere : a ve>-y h. 
 erKoaiiter, acerrimus concursus, Nep. 
 Eum. 4 : Tac. 2, atro.\, ocis (san- 
 
 guinary, fierce) : where th- fiyht is hot- 
 test, ubi Mars est atrocisslmus, Liv. 2, 
 
 46 : V. OBSTINATE. 
 
 hot-bath ; balneum fervens : for 
 siich the h. is unsuitable, b. his terveiis 
 idoneum non est, Cels. I. i : lavatio 
 calida (an ordinary warm bath), ib. ad 
 fin.; for which balneum alone is some- 
 times used : sometimes a h.-liath, some- 
 times a cold is beneficial, prodest in- 
 terduin balneo, interdum aquis frigidis 
 uti, Cels. I, I. I'hr. : to take a h., 
 calida or calda lavari (lavare, Cato, R. R. 
 156); stagnum calidae aquae introire, 
 Tac. A. 1 5, 64; in solium (a halhing- 
 tub) descendere. Cels. I. j, ad init. Hot- 
 baths (public), thermae: Vitr. 
 
 hot-bed : *area bene stercorata ac 
 Titreis munita. Kig. : ah. of crime, 
 *locus ubi omnia scelera nascuntur atque 
 foventiii. 
 
 hot-brained : cgrehrOsus (choleric) : 
 Hor. S. I, ;, 21 : v. hot-headkd. 
 
 hotch-potch ; perh. farrago, inis,/. : 
 used by Juv. i, 86, in fig. sense, nostri 
 f. libelli : perh. with allusion to the lan.x 
 satura, which appears to have been a 
 kind ofh., v. Diet. Ant. s. v. satura. 
 
 hotel : hospitium, caupSna : v. inn. 
 
 hot-headed : fervido ingenio ((/ 
 tager, impetuous temper) : cf. Mv. 27, 
 J?, fin. : or simply fervidus, cilUdus : cf. 
 Hor. A. P. 116: ()d. J, 14, extr. : v. hot- 
 brain kd. 
 
 hot-house : perh. *virldaria calc- 
 facta (n.jpt.): v. gakdkn. 
 
 hotly : acriter, avide, ardcnter : v. 
 
 eagerly, IMPKTL'OnSLV. 
 
 hough (subs.) : poples, itis, m. : v. 
 
 HAM. 
 
 hough (>'.) •■ poplites succldo, di, sum, 
 
 }: V. to 1IAM.STI!ING(.''). 
 
 hound (subs.): 1. canis, is, m. 
 
 and /., more fret). /. : to keep h.s, canes 
 ad venanduni alere, Ter. Aiidr. i, i. 29 ; 
 Virg. : Ov. 2. cittulus venalieus 
 
 (strictly, a young h., a uluslp) : Hor. ICp. 
 I, 2, 65: also simply catiilus, id. Od. i, 
 I, 27 : Virg. 3. Molossus, i, m. 
 
 (strictly referring to a particular breed; 
 but freq. in the poets ot hounds u.vd in 
 the chase): the barkiny h.s, Intratores 
 M., Mart. 12, I: the fierce h.. acer M., 
 Virg. (i. ;, 40;. The full expr. Molossus 
 canis also occurs. Hor. S. 2, 6, 114. 
 
 hound on ('■•) •■ instigo, i (strictly, 
 to prick or goad on) ; ci. Petr. .Sat. 9?. 
 canem ingentis magnitudlnis instiyat In 
 Kumolpum ; in same sense Apul. has 
 canem voce inhorlari. Met. 8, p. 164 : v. 
 TO iNSTrcAii:, 
 
 houna's-tongue : a plant, cj-nos- 
 
 glossos, i,J . : PUu. 
 
 hour : bora (the tutlflh part of a 
 natuial day or night): uhat is the h. 
 (what o'clock is it), hora quota est .' 
 Hor. S. 2, 6, 44 : a full /«., tola h., 
 Hor. .S. I. 5, 14 : at the fourth h. (about 
 10 o'cUxk), quarts h., ib. 2 J : Clc. . luiving 
 spoken for about three h.s, quum h. tres 
 fere dixisset, Cic. Atl. 4, 2, med. (Bul 
 liora is very often used of time in 
 general : e.g., momento horae, in a very 
 brief spaix of lime, Hor. ."S. 1, i, 7 ; v. 
 TIME.) Half an h., semihora : to limit 
 (a sjieaker) to half an h., aliqueni in 
 semiliorae curriculum cogere, l^it. Rab. 
 perd. 2, 6 ; Cels. : an h. andahalf. sesqui- 
 hora (rare), I'lm. Ep. 4, 9, 9 : the other 
 parts of an h. may be expr. by the frac- 
 tions of the as, with hora : three quar- 
 ters of an h., dodrans horae, I'lin. 2, 1 4, 
 II: the tiienty-fourth part of an h., 
 seinuncia ( = pars viceslma quarta) 
 liorae, I'lin. I.e. Phr. : leisure h.s, 
 sulweivum tenipus(or J7/.), I'lin.: (Jell.: 
 V. i.iascitK. 
 
 hour-glass: nearest word perh. ho- 
 rariuin (any instrument for telling the 
 hours) : v. cux'K. 
 
 hour-hand: *horarli index (?sagitta) 
 qi;ae boras siiigulas denotat. 
 
 hourly (adj.): Phr.: ice must live 
 ill h. expectntion, *in singulas boras ex- 
 spectandum est : the h. changes of the 
 watch, •viglliarum permutationes quae 
 singulis horis fiunt: v. foil. art. 
 
 hourly (adv.) .- in boras (from hour 
 to hour, continually), Hor. Od. 2, i;, 14; 
 singulis horis (every hour) : cf. daily 
 (adv.). 
 
 house (subs.) : I. A duelling : 1. 
 di'jinus, lis and i, abl. -o, /. (gen. term : 
 also in special sense, the private h. of an 
 inhabitant of the capilcd ; houses occu- 
 pied by a number of tenants being called 
 insulae) : a hondsome, highly respect- 
 able h., d. praeclara et plena dignitatis, 
 Cic. Off. I, J9, init.: at Caesar's h., 
 domi Caesaris. Cic. Att. i, 12 (v. home): 
 so .tmall a h., tam angusta d., Phaeilr. j, 
 9, 7. (The dimin. domuscula or doniun- 
 cula is without good authority.) 2. 
 aedes, ium, _/'. (sing. = temple, chapel : 
 aedes denotes a h. as a building ; domus 
 as an aJjude) : (statues) in the centre of 
 his h., in mediis aedibus, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 
 19. fin. : a moderate-sized h., modicae 
 ae.. Suet. Caes. 46; a poor, mean h.. sor- 
 didae ae., id. Tit. i : ah. remarkable 
 neither for size nor splendour, ae. neque 
 laxitiite neque cultu coiispicuae, id. 
 Aug. 72. Dimin. aediculae (a small h.), 
 Cic. Par. 6, j, 50. 3. villa (strictly, a 
 farm.-h. .- hence, a country-h., opp. to one 
 in town) : v. fakm-house. 4. tectum 
 (a covering over-head : any dnvlliny- 
 plcue, hoiiever homely or mean): the 
 .':<lualor of a dilapidated h. (hut), obso' 
 leti t. sordes, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 7 : o col- 
 lection of h.s, conjunctio teetorum, Cic. 
 Rep. I, 26. 5. dOmicilium : v. dwell- 
 ing-place. 6. insula (v. supr. 1) : 
 the rents of such h.s., fructus insularum, 
 Cic. Att. 16, I : a h. on fire, insula oc- 
 eiipata igni, Gell. i;, i. Phr.: uill 
 yiiu be at my h. to-day (an invitiition), 
 hodie apuil me sis volo, Ter. Heaut. i, 
 
 1, no: I liapiiened to be dining at I'om- 
 Jiey's h., aisu apud Pompeium coenavi, 
 Cic. Fam. i, 2, 2 : it is your matter, 
 when your neighbour's h. is on fire, tua 
 res agitur p:iries quum proximus ardet, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 18. 84: the adjoining h.of 
 t'caleyon, proximus Ucalegun, Virc. Aen. 
 
 2, ?I2: h.s of ill fame, lustra. Hor. (v. 
 bijotiiel). II, Those liiing in a house : 
 dfimus, fiimilia: v. family (I.). |||. 
 licue, stock: 1. gens, ntis, /. (esp. 
 with ref. to the genles or "houses" of 
 Roman citizens) : Me Fabian, f'ortie- 
 lian, f'laucian A., etc., gens Fabia, Cor- 
 nelia, Claudia, etc. : v. Iiict. Ant. p. 568. 
 
 2. stirps, genus : v. in-ocK, race, 
 family (II.) IV. A legislative body : 
 perh. senatorum ordo : the lair nas 
 tarried through both hs, *utrllisque or- 
 dinis senatores decreveruiit ut lex rata 
 lieret; auctorlbus utriusque ordinls sena- 
 toribus lex perlata est. V. ^" assem- 
 bly of people ; whether in the senate- 
 
 house or in a theatre : a fidi h. (senatty 
 Irequens senatus, Cic. ham. 10. 12, med.: 
 this lie repeated amid the acclonuitiont 
 of the h. ("this brought domi the A."), 
 liaec totius tbeatri clamore dixit, Clc 
 Att. 2, 19. 2. 
 
 house (("0'-) •• dOmesticus : a A. dret*. 
 vestitus d., Cic. Fin. 2, 24, ./in. 
 
 house (i-) •■ I. To receive in one's 
 house : tecto, bospitlo, domo exci[iio, 
 recipio, etc.: v. to entertain. ||. 
 To store fruits, grain : eondo, didi, dilum', 
 J : to get in crops and A. them, fructua 
 percipere, c, Cic. Sen. 7, fin. ; v. to 
 store Li-. Join: [fructus] condere ac 
 reponere, Clc. X. I). 2, 02. fin. 
 
 house-breaker: 1. effnictartus : 
 Sen. Kp. 6», 4. 2. efTractnr (the legal 
 tenn In Dig.) : incendiaries, Aji, thieves, 
 incndiarii, effractores, fures, Paul. Uig. 
 I, M, J ^ I : Ulp. 
 
 house-breaking: (domus, etc.) ef- 
 fraitiira : Paul. Dig. I, 1;, J ^ 2 Scaev. 
 
 house-dog: I. a dug kept uHhin 
 thehoiise: (.';canl« doinesticus : v. holse 
 (adj.). II, A natch-dog : canis domus 
 s. villae ciistos : Col. 7, 12; c. vilUtlcus 
 (=vlllae custos), Col. I. c. : ahio, caiiiii 
 tatenarius (a cliained dog), Petr. 72 . 
 Sen. de Ira, }, J7, 2: for which also, 
 canis catena viiictus, Petr. 29. 
 
 household (subs.): domus, lamilia. 
 V. FA.MiLv. Phr.: my A., your A., mei, 
 tui, Pliii. Ep. I, 4. 
 
 household (adj.) .- dOmestlcus : h. 
 and Janiilij affairs, res d. ac familiares, 
 Cic. I'usc. I, I, 2. //. bread, jiams ciba- 
 rius (made of common flour), Cic. Tusc. 
 5, J4, 97 : A. stuffs, supellex (v. flrni- 
 tcre) : A. suffrage, *jus suffruKii quod 
 per domicilla exercetur .«. habetur. 
 
 household-god: 1. Lar, laris.7n. : 
 / am the h.-gutt, ego sum L. tamlliarls, 
 PI. Aul. prol. 2 : esp. in pi. : to pro- 
 pitiate the h.-gods, placare Lares. Hor. 
 J, 2 J, 4: the shining figures of the h.- 
 gods, renidentes L., Hor. Epod. 2. 66 : 
 Tib. 2. PCniites, uin, m. : no sing. 
 (these are said to have been tutelary 
 (U-.ities of individual liouses, the Ijires 
 being worshipped in common by all) : 
 the h.-gods, dii P., Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 68: 
 called also patrii P. familiaresque, Clc, 
 Dom. 57, 144: Virg. 
 
 householder : paterfamilias (or aa 
 two wurds); the word does not neces- 
 sarily imply that the person has chil- 
 dren : cf Ulp. Dig. 50, 16, 19; i 2, 
 pati rf. appellatur qui in domo domi- 
 nium habet : recteque hoc nomine ap- 
 pellatur qiiamvis filiitm ncm halieat. 
 Phr.: to tie a A. at Home, domiciliuDi 
 Romae habere, Cic. Arch. 4, 7. 
 
 housekeeper : nearest word perh., 
 1, pionius (the servant hating 
 charge of the larder, cclla penaria : 
 called also cellarius, PI.: Col.): no one 
 to leave the premises except the iMiiliff 
 (oT faitn-maiuiger) and A., ne quis de 
 fundo exeat praeter villicum et p., Varr. 
 R. R. I. 16: PI. Join: condu^. pro- 
 mus, procurator peni, PI. Ps. 2. 2, 14. 
 (Strictly the business of the condiia was 
 to store away provisions : of the promus, 
 to Otiny them forth.) 2. dlspensjitor 
 (paymaster, cashier): cf. Pomp. Dig. 
 50, 16. 166. 3 dispensatrix (o lemale 
 A.): Hier. 
 
 housekeeping: perh.curarel fami- 
 llaris (i;. and A.) : v. economy (1.). 
 
 hOUSeleek : *senipervivum teeto- 
 rum. I.iiiii. : aizOou (atti,"u)oe): I'lin. 25, 
 I!, 102. 
 
 houseless : nearest word, Inops, 6pis : 
 V. DKiTiTUTE. More precisely, 'qui do- 
 micilium luillum babel; cui lar famili- 
 aris nusqiiam est. Sail. Cat. 20 ad fin. 
 
 housemaid : andlla (any female ser- 
 vant): peril, 'ancilla doniestica. 
 
 house-rent: 1. merces habiu- 
 tionis [annu;i]: Caes B. C. ;, 21. 2. 
 meton., hiibitatio [annua] : Suet. Caes. 
 }8. 3. fructus (aedium. insularum : 
 the latter in the case of large houses let 
 in flats or lodgings) : denoting rents as 
 income to the proprietor. Cic Alt. 16. I. 
 Phr.: to lie paying so much for h.-rent, 
 tantl habitare. Veil. :, 10, init. : comp. 
 J8i
 
 HOUS E-R O OM 
 
 HOWEVER 
 
 HUFF 
 
 Cic. Coel. 7, 17, trigima millibus ha- 
 bitare : though in both cases the phr. 
 rt-lers stricrly to the value of the liouse, 
 not the annual rent. 
 
 house-room: perh. laxitas (?w»u- 
 iiess, sjiaciuusness) : cf. Suet. Aug. 72. 
 .See also space. 
 
 house-sparrow: *passerdomesticus. 
 
 house-tax: *[ributum in singulas 
 doimis inipositmm: cf. Caes. B. C. }, 32 
 (R. and A.). 
 
 house-top : 1. fastlgium {apointed 
 h.-top): V. GABLE. 2. expr. by cir- 
 cuml., sunima pars aediutn, lecli: v. top. 
 
 house-warming: Phr.: to give a 
 h.-wanuing, perh. *aiispicandi causa (vel 
 ut nostrates dicunt ad domum caletaci- 
 endam) convivium dare (ihe phr. auspi- 
 candi causa or gratia is esp. used of 
 doing am/thing for the first time, as an 
 omen: Col.: Tac. : Plin.Ep.); ab epulis 
 datis habitationem auspicari : cf. Pliii. 
 7, prooem. J 5, a snppliciis vitam auspi- 
 cari : V. to inaugukate. 
 
 housewife : mat^rfaml'.ias (or as 
 two words) : v. householder. Phr.: 
 mulier frugi ac diligens, celiac reique 
 familiaris .studiosa: cf. Hor. S. 2, 5, 
 
 77, Sqq. : V. ECONOMICAL. 
 
 housewifery: *cellae cura reique 
 familiaris : v. economy. 
 
 housings : '^'^i' » horse, perh. strata, 
 epbippia : v. harness, trappings. 
 
 hovel : 1. tectum (a place of 
 
 shelter and abode of any kind: hence 
 requiring some qualifying adj.) : rude, 
 shapeless h.s, t. informia, Liv. 21, J2, 
 med. : a miserable (dilapidated) h., t. ob- 
 soletum, Hor. Oil. 2, 10, 6. 2, lugiirinm 
 (a»2/ hnt or cottage) : they drcelt in cot- 
 tages and h.s, in casis et t. habitabant, 
 Varr. R. R. t, i : Cic. : Sail. rXmin. 
 tuguriolum, Apul. : Am. 3. casa : 
 with some qualifying word [squalida, 
 sordida, informis] : v. <;ottage. 4. 
 gurgustiura ("a vretched hole"): Cic. 
 in Pis. 6, I } : b'.it Suet, has modicum 
 gurgustium, of a humble duelling or 
 cottage. Gram. 11. 
 
 hover : 1. pendeo, pgpendi, 2 (to 
 hang suspemied, in the air) : Virg. : 
 Ov. : V. TO FLOAT. 2. volito, I (to 
 
 fly about, nithout alighting): Cic. 
 More freq. circumvolilo, i (to Jty about 
 or round) : to h. al/out the thyme-bedt 
 (as a bee), circumvolilare (or as two 
 words) tliyma, Hor. Kp. i, ;, 21. Fig. 
 of persons : to h. about the doors of the 
 great, limiiia potentioruui c, Col. pref. 
 med.: of cavalry, Lucr. 2, Jji : Sen. 
 Also less freq. circumvolo : round whom 
 h. sport and love, quam jocus c. et 
 cnpido, Hor. Od. i, 2, J4. 3. immineo, 
 ui, 2 (in fig. sense, of troops which hang 
 upon the rear of a retreating army): 
 Join: imminere atque insequi, Hirt. B. 
 Alex. 7 : V. TO threaten ; hang cpon. 
 4. obversor, ? (fig. of that which 
 presents^ itself an nn itiage to the mind : 
 with dot.) : tilt: {image of the) glory of 
 the coinmoiiwealtit h.s before my eyes, 
 mihi ante oculos ob. dignitas reipublicae, 
 Cic. Sext. t. 7 : strange sights h. before 
 the eye (in delirium), ob. miracula, Plin. 
 24, 17, 102. 
 
 how ■ I . A.S adv. of manner, in 
 
 what '' ay : 1. quom6d6 or quo modo 
 (in direct or indirect questions ; also in 
 ex<lamations) : hou> stands Maecenas 
 rmth you, Maecenas q. tecum ? Hor. S. i, 
 9, 4?: Cic. Verr. j, 10, 25: how these 
 mattes U'ind, I drni't venture to tell, 
 ha c neyotia q. se habitant narrare non 
 audeo. Ci . Kam. 2, 5. Less freq. in ex- 
 claiii. : h. they are trumping themselves 
 up to ' aesar. q. se venditant Caesari ! Cic. 
 Atl. 8, 16 Similar to quomodo is quo 
 pacto, but more precise and emphatic ; 
 thei/ yetlle nhat is to be done, and hoir, 
 quid qiinque pacto agi placeat consti- 
 tuunt, Caes. B. <i. 7, 8?: esp. in phr. 
 nescio quo pacto, somehow or other : v. 
 SOMEHOW. 2. quemadmSdum or quem 
 ad modum ( like preced., but perh. rather 
 more definite in its reference to manner) : 
 if not, h. [^in irhat toay'] did you get the 
 numey from, him, si uon, q. [pecuniam] 
 ob eo exegisli.? Cic. R. Com. 18, 55: 
 J82 
 
 PI. : Plin. jun. (freq.) : / know the uhole 
 affair, how it stands, ego omnem rem 
 scio, q. est, I'l. : Cic. (N.B.— Not used 
 in exilaraations.) 3. qui (strictly 
 
 aW. of quis? in direct quesiioiis only): 
 how comes it, qui fit? Hor. S. 1, i, i : 
 how van we thiuk 11) i>od a.v other than 
 eternal, I'eum nisi senipiienium inlel- 
 ligere qui possumus .' Cic. N. I). 1, 10, 
 25 : Caes. 4. ill (chiefly after verbs 
 of hearing, telling, etc., foil, by subj. : 
 less Ireq. in direct questions: also in 
 exclamation-) : / believe ijou have hard 
 how they pressed round me, credo te 
 audivisse ut me Lircumsleierint, Cic. Att. 
 1, 16, 2 : ft. io'S he do, ut valet.' Hor. 
 Kp. I, j, 12 PI.: how they are truiis- 
 ported with joy, ut illi efferunlur lae- 
 tiiia ! Oil. Fin. 5, 22, 61 how J miss 
 your love and sympathy, ut ego tuum 
 amorem et dolorem desidero ! Cic. Att. 
 I, II- 5. quid (interrogative = /(i/io 
 so? how say your usu. as preliminary 
 to another que.-tion) : how tiou' f do you 
 think I entrusted t.^iis to your quid? tu 
 me hoc tibi mandasse existimas ? Cic. 
 Fam. 2, 8 : also foil, by si =: hoiv if. . . .: 
 hoiv if I were to alter this, quid si hoc 
 muto? Caec. in Cic. Kam. 6, 7, med. 
 II. To what degree: 1. quam 
 (chiefly in exclamations) ; hmv much in 
 how few nords, quam multa quam 
 paucis ! Cic. Fam. 11, 24: see, hmv long 
 I stand here and knock, vide, qu-.m 
 dudum hie adsto et pulto ! PI. St. 2, 2, 
 59. (N.B.— //oio much? how many? , 
 how little f must be expr. by quantus, 
 quot, quantulus : Aot« many are there 
 <f you. quot estis? hmv much money, \ 
 quantum pecuniae? but how many as 
 an exclam. can only be expr. by quam 
 niulti : V. supr.) 2. quantSpSre <yr 
 quanto Opfire (hmo greatly) : it is inde- 
 scribable how greatly they rejoice, did 
 non potest quantopere (al. quanto opere) 
 gaudeanf, Cic. Ait. 14, 6 : he points out 
 rwii< greatly it concerns the common- 
 wealth, docet quanto opere reipublicae 
 intersit, Caes. B. G. 2, 5. Phr.: how 
 many times, quolies: how many times 
 soever, quotiescunque, Cic. how few there 
 
 are found who quotusquisque in- 
 
 venitur qui , Cic. Tusc. 7, 4, 1 1 : how 
 
 mii/ch more, quanto magis! Cic. Ac- 1, j, 
 10: how much les^s, nedum [non dicam] : 
 cf. Cic. Clu. J5, 95, optimis temporibus, 
 
 nee P. Popillius, nee Q. Metellus 
 
 nedum his temporibus .... salvi esse 
 possimiis (" lujw much less can we be 
 safer"): Ter. Heaut. }, i, 4; (quanto 
 minus in this sense appears to be with- 
 out authoriiy : quanto niagis...non is 
 more agreeable to analogy). 
 
 howbeit (obsol.) : tamen : v. never- 
 theless. 
 
 however : I. /« whatever way : 
 1. utcunque: h. he desires the mind 
 of his hearer to be affected, ulc. animum 
 audientis nioveri volet, Cic Or. 17, 55 : 
 ft that be, utc. erit, Liv. pref. init. 2. 
 quom5d6cunque (ft. it be : with acces- 
 sory notion that the said mode or state 
 is not a desirahle one): Cic. Fin. 5, II, 
 init.: cf. Hor. Ep. i, i. 66, rem facias; 
 recte, si possis ; si non quocunque modo 
 rem (h. you get it, by fair means or 
 foul). 3. quoquomodo, or a.s two 
 words (= preced.) : ft things may be, q. 
 modo se res habeat, Cic. Kam. i, 5, a. : 
 
 V. somehow OR OTHER. 4. "tUt or 
 
 ut ut {^= preced., but more colloq.) : but 
 ft. tliat may be, verum ut ut res sese 
 liaec habet, PI. Most. 2, i, IJ: I'er. 
 I'lior. }, 1, 4, II. To whatever degree: 
 
 1, quamvis (esp. witn an adj. or 
 odw. .-'foil, by subj.): ft. sagacious you 
 may be in reflection, as you are, q. pru- 
 dens ad cogitandum sis, sicut es, Cic. 
 Att. 12, J7: Liv.: Virg.: v althottgh. 
 
 2. quantumvis (like preced. : with 
 verbs = ft. much): h. much superior 
 you are, q. excellas, Cic. Am. 20, 7} : ft. 
 insignificant {those things) be, q. exigua 
 sint. Sen. Kp. 85, 11. 3. quasalibet 
 (to ayiy degree you please; ever so, with 
 an adj.) : passion aids the hand ft. feeble 
 {be it ever so feeble), q. infirnias adjuvat 
 ira manus, Ov. M. i, 7, 66. Phr.; h. 
 
 great, quantuscuiique, quantusquantus- 
 (or as two words: colloq): all this h. 
 great — arul great indeed it is, totum 
 hoc, quantumcuiique est, quod certe 
 maximum est. Cic. M .r. 2, 7 (but quan- 
 tuscuiique quit<^ as olten means ft. 
 Ii<ffe[quaiiluluscunque, Cic: Col.: Sen.], 
 cf. Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 22, paupeium bona 
 quantaciinque er;:ni): h. great my po- 
 verty, q«anla qinaila haec luea p.uiper- 
 tas, I'er. Plior. 5, 7, i : ft. muny, quot- 
 quot, Cic. ; Cat.: U.ojten, quotiescunque, 
 Cic. : Col. Ill, As conj., iiecertheltss ; 
 tamen, attamen, nilnlomiiius: v. neveb- 
 
 THKI.ESS. 
 
 howl ("•)■■ 1. iilul", I (strictly of 
 
 the cry of certain oiiiwals : nS dogs or 
 uolves): dogs h., c:\ne^ u., Virg : h.ing 
 wolves. uliihiMtis lupi, Virg. . also of 
 any wihl cry : ol aiilress [wad], Virg. 
 Aen. 4. 168; of exultation L.'/e/i]. Lucau. 
 6, 261 : Cat. : Ov. .Miiily, ihe comp. ex- 
 ululo (to ft. out ahiud) : Ov. See also 
 TO wail. 2, baulior, I (very rare): 
 Lucr. 5, \o')o {of d/igs). 
 howl {subs.): iiltUatus, iis (cf. to 
 
 HOWL): V. WAIL, l'KLi« 
 
 howling (adj.) : i.e. full of howling 
 wild beasts, desolate : Phr.: a waste ft. 
 wilderness, deseriissima solitudo, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 67, 171 : more At., solitudo de- 
 serta ac feris repleta. 
 
 howsoever: v. however. 
 
 hoy : navigium : v. SHIP. 
 
 hoyden (<k(?- and subs.): nearest 
 words perh.. lascivus (ct. Virg. E. j, 64), 
 proiervus (usu. with a worse sense) : v. 
 
 FORWARD, WANTON. Plir. : aft. loSS, 
 
 *rustica quadam libertate atque lascivia 
 
 pUella: V. FROLICSOME. 
 
 hubbub: 1. tiimullus, us Qess 
 colloq. than the Kng.). v. tdmult. 2. 
 turba (esp. in PI. and Ter.): what a h 
 lie has made, quas t. lecit, Ter. Eun. 4, 
 ), II: so, turbam facere, ib. 4, 1. 2: for 
 fear there should be some ft. here too, ne 
 quid turbae hie itidem fuat, PI. Aul. 2, 
 9, extr. 3. convicium (a twise of 
 brauling): to make a ft. {''ruw") in 
 front of the house, ante aedes facere c, 
 Ter. Ad. 2, i, 26. 4. clamor {noiie 
 of shouting, outcry) : what is this A. T 
 quid hoc clamoris? PI. Aul. 2, 9, 7. 
 Phr.: to make O, ft., tumultuari or 
 -are: PI. 
 
 huckster {subs ) .• 1. caupo, Onis, 
 m. , f. caupona (uau. ^ innkeeper : but 
 also in wider senoe = Gr. icaTTTiAos) : the 
 knavish ft., perfidus c Hor. S. i, i, 29. 
 2. institor (a dealer commissioned 
 to dispose <f the wares of another) : cf. 
 Ov. A. A. I, 421 : Hor. 3. arilator 
 or arrilater (a kind of small deaUr: 
 very rare): Gell. 16, 7: whi-re he men- 
 tions an obsol. cocio or coctio, u.sed in 
 the mimes of Laberius (cave imiteris). 
 
 huckster ("•): cauponor, I : V. TO 
 thade. 
 
 huddle (''•) ■■ expr by circuml. with 
 such ailvv. as fesiinanier, raptim, tem- 
 ere, panini decenter : v. hurriedly. 
 Huddled together, conlertt, coacervati : 
 v. TO heap, crowd together. 
 
 huddle {subs.) : rare : turba, tu- 
 multus: V. crowd, tumilt, hubbub. 
 
 hue: I. (■i'l"ur: c51or: v. colour. 
 May often be expr. by an adj., as a 
 floner of a grassy hue. herbaceus flos, 
 
 Plhl. : V. GRASSY, GREENISH, elC. ||, 
 
 Alarm-cry firr Uie pursuit of thievet, 
 etc.: Phr.: to rase the hue and cry 
 after a thief, furem cUimare (concla- 
 mare, of a number joining to do so): 
 after the anal, of in< eiidiuci conclamare, 
 Sen. Ir. i. 4?, ?: cf. Hor. Kp. I, 16, 56. 
 (The phr. praemandatis requirere. Cic. 
 PI. 12, Ji, relers to the sending of a 
 letter of instructior s to a magistrate for 
 the arrest of a person.) 
 
 hulf {subs.) : *impe'us quidam ira- 
 cundiae vel arrogantiae : v. fit. Phr.: 
 to be in a h , lake ft., stomachari : 
 loin: stomachari et moleste terre. Oic, 
 Fam. 15, 16. /n a A., stomachans, 
 stomachabundus : cf. L. G. ^ 54?. 
 
 huff ("-)-■ esp. in phr., to be h.'d: 
 stomachari, moleste ferre aiiquid : % 
 preced. art., and to okpend.
 
 HUFFISH 
 
 11 L M li L t 
 
 HUMILIATION 
 
 huffish: >• e- easili/ offended: sto- 
 mathosus. cgrgbrosus: v. ibbitable, 
 
 llOT-HRADED. 
 
 hixg ("•)•" I. y" embrcux warmly: 
 amplecior, amplexor: v. to embbace, 
 CLASi'. II. Kig. : to cling to: i>erb. 
 amplexor, i : v. to cling to (Jin.). 
 Phr. : so strangely do v.-e h. our mrni 
 vicis, aUeo viiia nobis incredlbili moflo 
 inolescunt atque iiibaerent: cf. Virg 
 Aen. 6, ^jS: Cic. Tusc. 4. 11, 26. |||, 
 Naut. phr., to h. tke sliore, llttus pre- 
 mere, Hor. Oil. 2, 10, }. 
 
 hug {subs.) : complexus, us : ▼. EM- 
 BBAi-E. Applicable to ivrestling, cf. Tac. 
 Agr. }6, con)plc.\us armorum. 
 
 huge: 1. i'lgfi's, nils: /(. Sar- 
 peduti, /'eriphas, etc., i. Sarpedon, Perl- 
 phas, etc., Virg. : h. in body and in 
 armour, ingens corpore et annls, Virg. 
 Aen. II, 641 {pass): Cic: Ov.: v. im- 
 mense. 2. immanis, e (rif monstrous 
 size and form : slrongtr than preced.) : 
 a fierce, h. monster, fera et ira. belua, 
 Cic. Ac. 2, J4, 108 : h. bodilij stature, 
 immanis corporum magniiudo, Caes. 
 B. (i. 6, I. Join: ingens immanisque, 
 Cic. 3. vastus {so large as to be un- 
 mieldy; ewirmous: cf. Cic. N. I>. I, J5, 
 97, eiephanto bcluarum nulla pruden- 
 tior: at figura quae vastior ?) : h. viUU 
 stones, V. molares, Virg. Aen. 8, 250: 
 Ov. (X.B.— Vastus should not be used 
 in prose to denote mere size.) 4. 
 praegrandis, e {beyond Uie tisual size) : 
 Suet. : Plin. Phr.: a man of h. stature, 
 homo maximi corporis, Nep. Dnt. j : a 
 k. beard {hanging low), barba promisea, 
 Nep. 1. c. : cf. Col. 7, 9, init.: a h. pile, 
 moles, Cic. : Hor. (v. i-ilk). 
 
 hugely; immanUer: Gell. : v. mon- 
 strously. Phr.: I am h. delighted at 
 this, hoc mihi prorsus valde placet, Cic. 
 Fam. 6, 20: cf. Hor. S. i, 5, "jo. prorsus 
 jucunde. 
 
 hugeness: 1. immanltas: Gell. 
 (in Cic. ^= sacageness, monstroiisness). 
 2. ingens magnitude : v. size. 3. 
 vastitas (not so in best authors): beasts 
 of equal h., pari v. beluae. Col. j, 8, ad 
 init. : Gell. 4. moles, is, /. (chiefly 
 poet.) : cf. Hor. Od. j, 4. 6;, mole ruit 
 sua: remarlmblefor the h. of its beasts, 
 molibus lerarum mirabilis, Col. j, 8, ad 
 init. 
 
 hulk: V. HULL. Phr.: to condemn 
 to the h.s, (.') ad vincula navalia dam- 
 nare. 
 
 hull : I. 1'^^ outside covering of 
 nuts, etc.: 1. folUculus (of seeds, 
 
 buds, etc.): Varr.: Col.: Plin. 2. 
 tunica (any coating : q. v.) : Plin. 3. 
 vagina {tke sht-ath protecting buds) : 
 Varr. I, 48: this sheath was in grain 
 called gluma, Varr. 1. c. ||. The body 
 of a ship: alveus (navis): Liv. 2J, J4, 
 fin. : Sail. (Cavornae, in Cic de Or. j, 
 46, 180, are holloiu chambers in the 
 htdl.) 
 
 hum ("•) '■ I. Of insects ; to make 
 a law buzzing sound . 1. strepo. ui, 
 itum, J : to ft. in the hive (of bees), in 
 alveo s., Plin. 11, 10, 10. 2. musso, 
 I (strictly, to .^peak in an under-tone : 
 poet.): Virg. G. 4, 188 (of bees). 3. 
 sQsuTTO, I (to whisper : poet.) : to li. 
 cotdinuously, tractim s., Virg. G. 4, 260: 
 cf. id. K. I, 56. 4. perh. mumiiiro, I 
 (of any low sound): v. to murmub. 
 5, cons<5n», ui, itum, i (of a num- 
 ber together) : to It. very loudly (of bees 
 swarming), vehenienter c, Varr. j, 16, 
 ad fin. 6. bciinbura fScio, 5 (to make 
 a deep, hollow, humming sound): Col. 
 J, 16, ad tin. 7. b<jnil)ito, i (very 
 rare): Auct. Carm. Phil. (N'.B.— From 
 the use of bombu.s to denote such sounds 
 as that of the trumpet [cf Lucr. 4, 546, 
 raucus t»6a<; bombiis], it «ould appear 
 to mean a droning, humming sound, 
 rather than the ordinary hum of t>ees. 
 8. murmur eJo, j : to h., as do bees, 
 m. eiere, ut apes, I'lin. 11, 51, 112. 
 II. To resound with humming: con- 
 sono, ui, Itum, i : v. to resound. |||. 
 To sing a tune in a low tone : *submissa 
 voce canto; cantillo, 1 : v. to sinu 
 hum (s"''^-)- 1. fremitus, US; the 
 
 h. of bees, t. apum, Virg. G. 4, 216 (but 
 the word app< ars 10 denote an angry 
 h.): cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 148, where it is 
 used of tlie confused h. of voices: v. 
 MUKMUB. 2. siisurrus (poet.) : gentle 
 h. (of bees), levls s., Virg. E. i. 56. 3. 
 bombus : V. preced. art. (1. fm.). 4. 
 murmur, uris, n. : Plin : cf. preced. art. 
 (I., 8). 1-^p. of cimfused, indistinct 
 suun/ls : V. MURMUR. (Stridor denotes 
 a shrill sound, as that of the cicale, cf. 
 Plin. II, 51, 112.) 
 
 human : 1. hiimauus : h. nature, 
 h. nalura, Cic. Rep. i, 14: the h. race, h. 
 genus, Cic. Am. ;, 20: to poUutr altars 
 with h. sacrifices, aras h. hostiis funes- 
 tare, Cic. Font. 10, 21 : to offer h. sacri- 
 fices, h. hostiis litare, Tac. Ger. 9 (hu- 
 mana sacriticia were sajcrifice.s offered 
 on belialf of the dead, Fest. s. v.). 2. 
 expr by gen. sing, or pi. of h6mo: to 
 seek the welfare of the {wliole) h. race, 
 consulerc hominum generi, Cic. Rep. }, 
 12: to derive anything fn/m h. nature, 
 ab hominis natura aliquid repetere, Cic, 
 Leg. I, 5, 17: the h. figure, hominis 
 figura, Cic. 3. moriiilis, e : all h. 
 works shall perish, m. facta peiibunl, 
 Hor. A. P. 68 : Cic. : v. mortal. I» h r. : 
 to offer h. sacrifices, homines imniolare, 
 Cic. Font. 10, 21 (cf. siipr. \) h. feeling 
 (including sympathy, kindliness, etc.), 
 humaniUis, Cic. : v. l.at. Diet. s. v. 
 
 humane: 1. ?«'■''■ humanus (in- 
 cluding all kindly, considerate feeling) : 
 V. KiNDLV. 2. misericors, rdis : v. 
 
 COMPASSIONATE. 
 
 humanely : 1. perl* humane : V. 
 KINDLY. 2. misgricorditer (very 
 
 rare) : v. comi-assionatelt. 
 
 humanity : I. Human nature : 
 
 I. humanitas : the entire force (or 
 essence) of h., vis omnis bumanitalis, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 12, 5J : Sen. 2. hu- 
 mana or hominum natura : v. human. 
 Phr.: it is the lot of h., *baec est Vi- 
 vendi conditio; hac lege nati sumus. 
 
 II. As a virtue; humane feeling : 
 nearest expr. perh., animus misericors, 
 misericordia : v. compassion. |||, 
 Refined culture : esp. with ref. to clas- 
 sical studies : •humanitas : M. L. (Univ. 
 Glasg.). 
 
 humanize : exc61o, ad humanllatem 
 [atque niansuetudinem] revoco: v. to 
 cniuzE. 
 
 humanly: Phr.: h. speaking, *ut 
 ita loquar, quemadmodum hominem 
 tuturi ignarum decet ; ne quod homini 
 concessum est vaticinando excedere 
 videar. 
 
 humble {adj.) ■■ |. Low, mean : 
 hiimilis, e : of It. parentage, h. parenti- 
 l)us naius, Cic. Am. 19, 70; humiles 
 nati, Phaedr. 1, 27, 2. Join: huiiiilis 
 et obscurus, Cic. : v. low, lowly. 
 I'hr. : of h. origin, nbscuris majoribus 
 natus, Cic. OST. i, }2, 116; obscuro loco 
 nalus, Cic. Verr. ;, 70, 181 : those whose 
 lot is h., qui demissi vltam in obscuro 
 habent. Sail. Cat. 51. ||. Ofdispo.sj- 
 tion ; unpretending, modest : 1. de- 
 missus (oftener in bad sense = mean- 
 spirited) : V. UNASSUMING, GROVELLIN(i. 
 Join: animus demissus alque humilis, 
 Cic. Font. II, 2j (where an abject, 
 craven bearing is meant). 2. sum- 
 missus (oftener in bad sense: cf. Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, jo, 64, ne quid humile sunimls- 
 sum, molle, laciaraus) ; h. prayers, s. 
 preces, Lucan. 8. 594: cf. Cic. Off. i, 26, 
 90, w here the adv. is used in good sense : 
 V. humbly. 3. hiimilis. e (like pre- 
 ced. usu. in bad sense: v. supr.): to 
 have recourse to h. entreaty and appeal, 
 prece et obsecratione bumili [et ^up- 
 plici] uti, Cic. luv. i. 16. 22: Vulg. 
 Matt. xi. 29: Keel. See also modi-.-t. 
 III. Small, modest: Phr.: my h. 
 abilities, mediocntas mea. Veil. 2, iii: 
 cf. mediocritas Ingenii, in somewhat 
 similar sense: Cic. Phil. 2, i, 2. 
 
 humble (0): 1. deprimo, pressi, 
 ssum, i : to exalt oneself and A. another, 
 seipsum exiollere, alium d., Liv. 3,65, 
 extr. : cf. id. JO, ;6, med., deprlmendi 
 hosiis Ciiusa. 2. infringo. tregi, frac- 
 tum, i {to break the strength of): he 
 
 did not so far h them that they aban- 
 duned Uieir empire, non ita iiifngit 
 animos eorum, ul imperio ababiereut, 
 Liv. }i, 16, fm. : cf. Cic. Bal. 6, 15, 
 floreiii dignitatis inf. : Tac S-i Irango 
 (to t>affle and defeat) : cf. Cic. Fam. i j. 
 12, med., hunc quemadmodum ./re^trim, 
 quantaque conientione Tilium interces- 
 sorem alijecerim . . . .: to baffle and h. 
 a man's audacity, contanii'-re el f. all- 
 cujus audaciam, Cic. Phil, u, ij, eztr. 
 3. comprimo, j: v. to check, be- 
 STKAiN. Plir. : to h. (mesetf brj ore any 
 one, se sumniittere alicui [et supplicare], 
 Cic. Plan. 10, init. (cf. Liv. 27, ji. mrd., 
 submitiere tastigium); se deaiittere (to 
 let oneself down to anything), l^itit. 
 prooem. ^ 5 (animos demitten-, is to lute 
 lieart, be discouraged, Cic. Kin. 5. 15, 
 41) ; descendere (v. TO cosdkjjcknd); se 
 abjicers atque proslernere (to degrade 
 oneself), Cic. Par. I, }, 14 : the h.'d 
 J'hiaates, I'h. genibus minor, Hor. tp. 
 I. 12, fm. 
 
 humble - bee : * apis lerrestri* 
 (Linn.), 
 
 humble-minded : demisso animo : 
 
 V. HLMKLK. 
 
 hximbleness : I. Lowness, mean 
 condition : 1. bumiUtas : h. of origin, 
 h. generis. Sail. Jug. 7} Cic. v. low- 
 Ntss, MEANNESS. 2. obsciiritas, h. of 
 origin, obs. generis, Flor. j, i. med. 
 Join: humilitas ei obscuritas, Cic. 
 II. in moral tense : v. humility. 
 
 humbling C"<0-)- 'learesl word |>erh. 
 abrjectus: cf. Cic. Clu. (4, 94, nun quo 
 causam pecuniae publicae contemplam 
 atque aJjectam puiarent (the meanness 
 of Si thing being a degrailation to those 
 who have to do with it): v. mean, dis- 
 graceful. Phr.: II hat could be mure 
 h.toa man's pride, •quid fieri posset ad 
 hominis superbiam [arrogantiam] In- 
 fringendam aptius ? v. to humblb. 
 
 humbly : 1. summisse to act 
 the more h., tanto summissius se gerere, 
 Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90. 2. summisso (de- 
 misso) animo: v. humble. (Humiliter 
 only in bad sense, with a mean sjnrit.) 
 3. modeste (opp. lo arrogantly, 
 in a modest, unprrsumptuous spirit): 
 cf. Liv. JO, 42, med., rebus seciindis 7no- 
 deste ac moderate uti: v. modestly, mo- 
 dekately. 
 
 humbug {subs.) : 1. perh. nugae 
 {trijles, nonsense): humbug : he'll never 
 give {them), nugas I nunquam edepol 
 dabit, PI. Most. 5, I, J9 : ff a worthless 
 person : I have received the h.s with all 
 possible courtesy, ego nugas maximas 
 omni mea comitate sum complexus. Cic 
 y. Fr. I, 2, 2. 2. gerrae, arum : your 
 soft speeches are u hat's called sheei A., 
 biauditiae tuae sunt quod dici solel 
 gerrae germanae, I'l. Poen. i, i, 9: also 
 as inteij., gerrae ! humbug ' PI. As. J, J, 
 10. 3. tricae, arum (esp. of deceir>- 
 ing speeches) ; just drop that h., quin 
 tu isws mittis t., PI. Mosu 1, i, J9. 
 
 humbug (''•)•■ '""l"' li'idlficor, etc. 
 v. to vckjl, deceive. Phr.: a man 
 whom it is no easy thing to h., cui verba 
 dare difBcile est, Ter. Andr. i, J, 6: to 
 attempt to h. {any one), qulcquaiii fal- 
 laciae conari, ib. i, 2, 26: ttiey hair so 
 h.'d me in every possible way, Ita mi 
 [stolido] sursuni vorsum os sublevere. 
 PI. Capl. J, 4, I2J: Ter. 
 
 humdrum : P*"""!!. tardus, somnlcu- 
 
 losus: v. SLOW, DUOWSY. 
 
 humid: bumidus: v. damp. 
 humidity : humor, etc. . v. moistcbe. 
 (N.B.— Ni.t huniiditas.) 
 humiliate : deprimo, j : v. to 
 
 HUMHLK. 
 
 humiliating: perh- expr- by hil- 
 niiiis, abji'cius ;cl. humbung). Phr.: 
 to resort tu A. opfiecils, ad infimas ob- 
 testationes procumtiere [descendere], 
 Tac Ann. i, I2, init. : a h. tear, bellum 
 contuni>lio.-iini, Veil. 
 
 humiliation: dedgcus. turpitudo: 
 V. Dia.RACE. Ur expr. by adj., tiowh.1 
 quam turpe I indignum facinus ; v. dis- 
 graceful, SHAMEFUL. Sometimes hu- 
 militas {any low state) may serve: ct 
 Cic. inv. I, 56. 
 
 3Sj
 
 HUMILITY 
 
 HUNT 
 
 HURRICANE 
 
 humility ; 1. animus summissus, 
 demissus: t. hdmble. 2. modestia 
 (opp. to arrogance, or stepping out o/ 
 mie's proper sphere) : cf. Nep. Ages. 4, 
 tantd modestia dicto audiens luit • ■ • _• 
 ut si privatus esset : Cic. 3. bumi- 
 litas (iu this sense post-class., but indis- 
 pensable) : rich on a leoel with pour by 
 h., divjtes pauperibns humililate auimi 
 pares, Lact. 5, 15, med.: Vulg. Act. xx. 
 19: Eccl. Phr. : to behave with h., 
 Bumniisse se gerere : v. humbly. 
 
 humming (part, adj.): chiefly iu 
 phr., a h. sound, susurms, etc. : v. hum 
 (subs.). 
 
 humorist: v. humourist. 
 
 humorous: 1. nearest word ta- 
 cetus (smart, full of nit): more ade- 
 quately expr.by loining several adjj., 
 cf. Cic. Off. I, JO, lO^, dukis et facetus 
 festivusque sermo (Socratis) : v. witty. 
 2. festivus: v. amusing. 8. 1^- 
 pidua (elegant, graceful, as opp. to coarse 
 buffoonery): cf. Hor. A. P. 2^}. 4. 
 ridiciilus : v. laughable. 
 
 humorously : facete, festive, j6cose : 
 V. WITTILY, SPORTIVELY : and cf. preced. 
 
 hlimour (subs.) -. \. Turn of mind 
 or indinatimi : 1, ingenium (includ- 
 ing the entire mind and disposition): 
 to live after one's own h., ing. suo viv- 
 ere, Liv. j, j6, init. : such is (his) h., ita 
 est ingenium, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 20: v. dis- 
 position. 2. libido, inis, /. (fancy, 
 caprice) : they govern (us) according to 
 their h., ex sua 1. moderanlur, Ter. 
 Heaut. 2, 1,4: whit.e this h. lasts, dum 
 1. baec eadeni manet, Ter. Ph. 5, 4, 4 : 
 V. CAFRiCK. 3, expr. liy Tibet, uit, 2 
 (with dot. of subject: to be in the h. to 
 do anything) : I am not in the h. to 
 ■write more, non libet [^sc. mihi] plura 
 scribere, Cic. Alt. 2, 18, med.: ivhy ? 
 because such is my h., quamobrem ? quia 
 libet, Ter. Andr. ;, 2, 20: sometimes 
 with dat. animo, PI. As. 1,1,92: Ter. 
 Phr.; from the h. I saw your father 
 VMS in,'\it patrem t^mm vldi esse hab- 
 itum, Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 22 : according to 
 (his) h. at the nunnent. utcunque prae- 
 sens movit atfectio. Curt. 7, i, med.: 
 such is the man's h., ita homo est, Ter. 
 Ad. I, 2, 6j : eitery one to his h., *suum 
 cuique studium ac voluntas (cf. Hor. S. 
 2, I, 27, quol capilum vivunt, totidem 
 studiorum millia). ||. Temper: in 
 phr. good, bad h. : expr. by hilaris (hi- 
 larus) and tristis : come .' drop your ill- 
 temper, and be in a good h. over your 
 son's wedding, jam vero omitte tuam 
 istanc iracundiam; atque hilarum [ac 
 libentem] fac te gnati in nuptiis, Ter. 
 Ad. 4, 7, 38: he is in a bad h. about 
 something or other, nescio quid tristis 
 est, Ter. Heaut. 4, i, 7 : PI. : v. cheer- 
 fulness. Ill, humorousness : no pre- 
 cise word: perh., facetiae dulcfs festi- 
 vaeque: cf. humokous (1). |V. -'"J 
 watery substance: humor: v. moi.silre. 
 humour {■».)■. 1. obsgquor, cutus, 
 J (with dat.) : to ft. any one's taste, ali- 
 cujus studio obs., Ter. Andr. i, i, 57: 
 old men should h. old men, senes est 
 aequum senibus obsequi, Ter. Heaut. }, 
 1, 10; Cic; V. to comply with. 2. 
 obsecundo, i (liice preced., but less 
 freq.) ; to h. any one seasonably, obs. 
 alicui in loco, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 2j : Cic. 
 3. morem gero, ssi, stum, } ; mo- 
 rlgeror, i (tu show complaisance; the 
 latter often in l)ad sense : with dat.) : 
 (you) should have h.'d the young fellow, 
 ttdolescenli morem gestum oportuit, Ter. 
 Ad. 2, 2, 6 : take a man as he is and h. 
 him accordingly (Pariy), ut homo est, 
 ita morem geras, Ter. Ad. j, i, 77: 
 Cic : to waive one's right a little and 
 h. a man, de jure suo (Oiccedere pau- 
 lulum, atque morigerar alicui, Ter. 
 Ad. 2, 2, 9. 4. indulgeo, 2 ; v. TO 
 INDULGE. 
 
 humourist : *qu' dulci et comi face- 
 tiarum genere utitur(.?). 
 
 humoursome : v. ill-tempeked, 
 morose. 
 
 bump : gibber, eris, m. ; also glb- 
 biii (any' protuberance : rare): Syrian 
 ?84 
 
 bus) gibber in dorao (est), Plin. 8, 4;, 
 70 : v. protuberance. 
 humped-backed, hiunped: 1. 
 
 gibber, era, erum : h. and othenuise un- 
 sightly, g. el- alio foedus aspectu, Pliu. 
 J4, J, 6 ; Si.et. Gr. 9. 2. gibbgrOsus 
 (very rare) ; Orbilius in Suet. 1. c. : Paul. 
 Dig. (al. gibbosus). 
 
 hunch, hunch-backed : v. hump. 
 
 hundred: |. The numeral: cent- 
 \\m ; distrib. centeni, ae, a : a ft. times, 
 ceuties ; amounting to a ft., consisting 
 of a ft., centeuarius; the number of a 
 ft., centenarius numerus, Varr. L. L. 5, 
 16, ^ 88 : a liod consisting of a ft., grex 
 centenarius, Varr. ; a h. years, sae- 
 culuin : V. CENTURY. When the number 
 a hundred is used indefinitely, sexcenti, 
 trecenti, ae, a, may be used : v. host 
 (II., 4). II, A district : perh. centu- 
 ria : v. century. (Med. Lat., hundreda, 
 Domesday Book.) 
 
 hundred-fold (odj. and subs.) .- 1. 
 
 centuplex, plicib (very rare) : PI. Pers. 
 4, 4, II : Prud. 2. centiiplicatus (very 
 rare) : (goods) which fetch a h. their 
 value, quae centuplicato veneuiit. Plin. 
 6, 2J, 26, $ loi. 3. ceiituplus (very 
 rare) ; Vulg. Luc. viii. 8. Phr.: to yiehl 
 a h., cum centesimo efficere (v. -fold). 
 
 hundred-footed : cenupes, edis ; 
 
 Plin. 
 
 hundred - handed : centimanus : 
 Hor.: Ov. 
 
 hundred-headed: centiceps, cTp- 
 itis ; Hor. 
 
 hundredth: centesimus: PI.: Cic. 
 
 hundred-weight: centumpondium 
 (ceiilup-) : Cato ; i'l. 
 
 hunger (subs.) -. 1. fames, is, /. 
 (in all degrees, to starvation) : h. is the 
 proper sauce of meat, thirst if drink, 
 cibi condimentum est f., Cic. : to endure 
 ft., f. tolerare, sustentare, Cacs. : v. 
 starvation. 2. inedia (abstinence 
 from food; esp. voluntary) : capable of 
 enduring ft , cold, lack of sleep, patien* 
 iuediae, algoris, vigiliae. Sail. Cat. 5 : 
 exiMusted by ft. and exposure to the sea, 
 fessus in. fluctibusque, Cic. Pi. 10, 26 : 
 Plin. jun. 3. esiiries, ei (liungriness, 
 sense of hunger : very rare) : Coel. in 
 Cic. Fam. 8. i, ad fin. 4. esiirilio 
 (like preced.): to take an ay the sense 
 of ft. by comp)-ession of the stovMch, 
 ventris compressione e. depellere, Gell. 
 16, J, med. : Cat. 5. jejunium (fast- 
 ing : poet, in this sense) : to allay ft., 
 jejunia sedare, Ov. To feel h., esurire : 
 
 V. HUNGRY. 
 
 hunger (.'"■): esiirio, 4: toft, and 
 thirst after rightiims^iess, e. et sitire 
 justitiam, Vulg. Matt. v. 6 but this 
 use of esurio is not class. : sitire is freq. 
 used of strong desire : v. to thirst. 
 
 hungry, hungered, to be (v. infr.) : 
 
 esurio, 4 ; there is pruspect oj our being 
 h. enough, spes est nos egurituros satis, 
 Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 28; Cic. Verr. 5, J4 
 
 init. (= to be starving). 
 
 hungry, hungered : 1. esiiriens, 
 
 ntis (usu. as paii. = being ft.) ; to the 
 ft. man nothing comes amiss, nihil con- 
 temnit esurieiis, Sen. (in Q.) : the poor 
 ft. (half-starved) Greek, Graeculus e., 
 Juv. j,'78: V. preced. art. 2. .iejiinus 
 (strictly, fasting) : the A. and iveary 
 frames of the Homans, 3. fessaque cor- 
 pora Romanorum, Liv. 21, 55, med.: a 
 h. stoniach is inostly content with homely 
 fare, raro j. stomachus yulgaria temnit, 
 Hor. S. 2, 2, }8. 3. avidus cibi (posi- 
 tively eager after food) : Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 
 16 cf. Hor." S. I, 4, 126. Phr.: to 
 suffer from ft., fame laborare, premi, 
 urgeri "(v. hunger, subs.) : lie used to 
 eat whenever he felt ft., vescebatur quo- 
 cunque tempore stomachus desiderasset. 
 Suet. Aug. 76 : to quiet a ft. stomach, 
 latrantem slomachum lenire. Hor. S. 2, 
 2, 18 : to wait till one. is ft. (before eat- 
 ing), famem opperiri, Sail. Cat. ij; to 
 prevent (me's feeling ft., esuritionem de- 
 pellere, Gell. 16, J. 
 
 hunt (''■) : venor, i : toft, tlie hare 
 by means of hounds, canibus leporem 
 v., Virg. G. J, 410; also absol., to keep 
 
 dogs for h.ing, canes aleread venandum, 
 Ter. Andr. i, I, 30 : Cic. See also 
 HUNTiNc; (subs.). Fig.: to hunt miserly 
 widows (for their money), vlduas v. 
 avaras, Hor. Ep. I, I, 78: v. TO pursue, 
 
 SEEK after. 
 
 hunt, hunting (subs.) -. 1. expr. 
 by venor, i : nhen you go for a ft., go a 
 h.ing, quum venabere, Plin. Ep. i, 6, j : 
 Cic: v. to hunt; and chase (subs.). 
 2. venalus, us (act nf h.ing): exer- 
 tion in h.ing, labor in venatu, Cic. Tusc. 
 5, J4, 98: to take (physical) exercise !>t 
 h.ing, venatu corpore exercere, Plin. Ep. 
 5, 6, fin. : Virg. : Ov. 3. venatio 
 (= preced.) : the stillness which is neces- 
 sary for h.ing, silentium quod vena- 
 tion! datur, Plin. Ep. i, 4. 2 ; Caes. : v. 
 chase (subs.). Esp. of the hunts exhi- 
 bited in the Circus: cf. Cic. Fam. 7, i, 
 med., sunt venationes binae per dies 
 quinque; Suet. Belonging to h.ing. 
 necessary for h.ing, venatorius ; h.ing 
 equipment, instrumentum venatorium, 
 Plin. Ep. }, 19, } : Petr. : Suet. : v. foil 
 artt. 
 
 hunter : I. -^ person who hunts : 
 Venator : Cic. ; Hor. Or expr. by pres. 
 part, of venor ; esp. in pi. : alarmed by 
 the shouts of the h.s, venantum vocibug 
 conierritus, Phaedr. i, 1 2, 7 ; Curt, i, 
 12, ad init. : v. L. G. } 6}6. ||. A 
 hunting horse : "equus venalicus; after 
 anal, of canis venaticus ; v. hound. 
 
 hunting-box: perh. villa venatoria 
 (domus venatica, Kr. ; but domus is 
 usu. a town house): v. hunting (fin.). 
 In somewhat sim. sense Curt, has ve- 
 nantum receptaculum, 12, i, ad init. 
 
 hunting-horn : comu (venatorium)- 
 
 v. HORN. 
 
 hunting-pack : venantes, venantum 
 comitatus : v. hunter (I.). 
 
 hunting-knife: cuUer venatorius: 
 Petr. 40 : Suet. 
 
 hunting-spear : vgnabaium : Cic. 
 
 Fam. 7, I, med. : Virg. : Plin. Ep. 
 
 huntress: vgnatrix, icis (both as 
 subs, and adj.) : Virg. ; Ov. 
 
 huntsman : venator, etc. : V. HUKTiR. 
 
 hurdle : crates, is, /. : cowards they 
 plunge in a m/rrass, laying a ft. a-l<rp ef 
 thtm, ignavos palude, injecta insuper c, 
 mergunt, Tac. G. 12; Cato. Dimin.. 
 cralicula, a small ft., Cato ; Mart. 
 
 hurdy-gurdy : *instrumentum niu- 
 sicum quod vulgo " hui dy-gurdy " ap- 
 pellatur. 
 
 hurl: 1. conjicio, jeci, jectum, j 
 (strengthened from jacio : esp. of a 
 number of persons hurling missiles) : 
 his ineffectual dart he h.'d, telum im- 
 belle conjecit, Virg. Aen. 2. 545: ib. 12, 
 711 : they h.'d their missiles from the 
 higher ground against our men, tela e 
 superiore loco in noslros conjiciebant, 
 Cic. B. G. I, 26. 2. conlorqueo, si, 
 turn, 2 (stronger than conjicio, and 
 strictly implying a rotary motion of the 
 hand in throwing : chiefly poet.) : tvith 
 mighty force his huge spear he h.'d, 
 validis ingentem viribus hastam con- 
 torsit, Virg. Aen. 2, 52 : Curt. 3. 
 jaculor, I (to dart as a javelin) : to ob- 
 tain jiraise for horsemanship, h.ing the 
 javelin, equitando, Jaculando laudem 
 consequi, Cic Off 2, ih 45: (Hector) 
 who h.'d the firebrands at the ships of 
 the Danaans, Danaum Jaculatus puppi- 
 bus ignes, Virg. Aen. 2, 276. (N.B.— 
 Vibro is to brandish, not to hurl.) 
 hurler: jaciilator: Hor. Od. j, 4, 56. 
 hurling (sebs.) : conjeclio; Cic. 
 
 hurly-burly : tumuitus : v. tumult. 
 
 hurra: 1. evax (colloq.): ft..' / 
 have it, evax ! habeo, PI. Cure, i, 2, 
 J : cf. id. Gas. 4, 4, 14. 2. io (a 
 cry of triumph ; also of grief ) : esp. 
 with voc. triumphe ! Hor. Od. 4. j, 49 : 
 ft. .' ft. .' / come to thee a free man, 
 io ! io ! liber ad te venio, Epist. in Plin. 
 Ep. i, 9. I J. 
 
 hurricane : 1. prOcella (any sudr- 
 den gale or squall) : Cic. : Hor. 2. 
 turbo, Tnis, m. : v. whirlwind. (Or 
 expr. by eircuml., tempestas foeda, yls 
 venti quam maxime accensa, cf. Liv 
 21, 58.)
 
 HURRI E D 
 
 HUSBAND 
 
 HYDROCEPHALUS 
 
 hurried (p'^^^- '^j) 1- praeceps, 
 cIpUis {more hasty tturn is desirablt) : 
 a h. departure, pr. profcctio, Alt. in 
 Cic. Att. 9, 10, vied. : h. Jlight, pr. fuga. 
 Veil. 2, 8;, fin. : utterance rtady, but 
 not h., promptum os, non p., Quint, ii, 
 i. 51- 2. pracpr6perus (noi imply- 
 ing blame)- isp. with such sulis. as 
 celeritas, Iav. ji, 4J, init.; feslinalio, 
 Cic. Kam. 10, 26, vied, (but pr, prensatio, 
 Clc. Att. I, I, I, Is a premature caniais- 
 ing). 3. cHus {quich, hasty) : h. gait, 
 incessus c, Sail. Cat. lS,fin. : h.fl,ight, c. 
 fuga, Ov. M. I, 54 J. 4. festin&tus (usu. 
 of that which is brought on before its 
 time, m/ruit, plants; also in gen. sense 
 poet.) : a h. journey, f. Iter, Ov. Pont. 
 4, 5, 8. Phr. to make a h. viarch, 
 apmen cursim apere, Llv. 27, 16, mtd. 
 
 hurriedly : 1. raplim / write this 
 ft., haec scrlpsi r., Cic. Att. 2, 9, i : to 
 march an irregular force h„ tumultu- 
 ariuni exerclluni r. ducere, Liv. 5, }•;, 
 fin.: Plin. 2. cursim (iK WiK "lamier 
 of one running ; hence, without pausing 
 or deliberating) : to catcli up (informa- 
 tion) ft., c. arripere, Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 
 fin.: of. id. Phil. 2, n, 42. (Cursim 
 does not necessarily imply blame: cf. 
 Tac. Ann. 4, 4, etc.) 3. lestinanler: 
 V. HASTii.v. 4. negligenter (nithout 
 due thought and care) : to do so import- 
 ant a business so h. . tantam rem tarn 
 n. agere! Ter. Andr. i, ;, 18. Phi-.: 
 he ft. assembles a few coliorts, ciUis co- 
 korles rapit, Tac. A. 12, ii : cf. ib. 4, 25, 
 coliortes . . . cito agmiiie rapiunlur. 
 
 hurry ("•): I. Intrans.: 1. 
 festino, prOpeio, i (neither necessarily 
 implying blame) : v. to hasten. 2. 
 cuiTo, ciicurri, cursum, i {of any hasty 
 movement) : he h.'d to Futeoli, cucurrit 
 Puteolos, Cic. Alt. 10, 4, J : Lir. 3. 
 expr. by ago, egi, actum, j (with /»•(/«., 
 refl., or in pass. : to ft. along ; go hur- 
 riedly): whither are you h.ing f quo 
 hinc te agis? Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 2; uhi- 
 ther tlie whole multitude uas h.ing 
 alarmed, quo nniltitudo omnis conster- 
 nata agebalur, I^iv. 10, 29, med. 4. 
 pjo, i, rutum, i (to rush hur)iedly,pHI- 
 mell) : ivhither are ye h.ing f quo ruitis.' 
 Hor. Epod. 7, 1, »i«(/. II. Trans, to 
 force rapidly or violently along : rfipio, 
 ui, ptum, }: vhithfr are ye h.ing me.-' 
 quo me rapilis? PI. Men. ?, 7, 10: to h. 
 any one before the praetor, r. aliquem in 
 jus, Hor. S. I, 9, 77 . vetigeaiue h.s him 
 through the midst of carnage, per medias 
 r. ira caedes, Hor. Od. ?, 2, 12. Fig. : 
 to be h.'d far away from home (in 
 thought), longe a domo rapi, Cic. Rep. 
 2,4. init. Fieqnent. rapio, to ft. almy 
 or violently : hf is h.'d along at tlif nill 
 of the horses, arbitrio raptalur equorum. 
 Ov. M. 2, 2?4- III. Also trans., to 
 expedite greatly or unduly, expr. by 
 advv. feslinariter, raptim, cito: v. hur- 
 riedly. (Virg. has properare in this 
 sense, G. i, 260: cf. Macr. .Sat. 6, 8. 
 med., where it is stated to signify co- 
 actius et feslinantius facere aliquid : fes- 
 tinare with ace. is poet. . v. to hastkn.) 
 Phr. . do not ft. Ih£. beasts too muih, 
 *Jumentis ne iusta nimis neve urge v. 
 
 TO URGE ON. 
 
 along; I. Intrans.: expr. 
 
 by ago, } (with proti. refl.) : v. to hurry 
 (I., 2). II. Trans.: rapto, i : v. to 
 HURRY (fin). 
 
 away; I. Intrans.: 1. 
 
 expr. by abrlpio, ; (with ^<wi. refl.): 
 he h.'d away so suddenly, ita abripuit 
 repente sese, PI. Mil. 2, 2, 22. 2. 
 fiigio, fugi, fugltum, j (with the notion 
 of avoiding some one): the rascal h.s 
 away, f. iinprobus, Hor. S. I, 9, 7?: 
 (she) h.sanayfortliirith, f. [e conspcctu] 
 illico, Ter. Hec. i, 2, 108. 3. expr. by 
 festino, propfiro do not ft. auay so, ne 
 tantopere discedere festina, propera cf. 
 Cic. Fam. 7, 2?, fin. (v. to hasten) : 
 also by advv., raptim, cito, festinanter: 
 T. HURRIEDLY. ||. Trans.. 1, 
 
 abriplo, ! ■ to be h.'d away to punish- 
 ment, in cniciatum abripi, Ter. Andr. 4, 
 4,47:1'!. See also to HURRY (U.). 2. 
 auforo, }, t>T. : v. to carry aw at 
 
 hurry about: 1. trepido, i (in 
 
 alarm, excitedly): cf. Sail. Cat. }l. fes- 
 tinaro, trepidare. Fig.- of the rapid 
 motion 0/ a rivulet, Hor. Kp. i, 10, 21. 
 2. curso, I (freq. of curro): to A. 
 this way and that, c. ultro et citro, Cic. 
 K. Am. 22, 60. Join: trepidare, cur- 
 sare frursum, prorsum], Ter. Hec. i, i, 
 J5. I^ss freq., curslto, in same sense, 
 I'er. : Hor. 3. discurro, i, and cii- 
 curri, cursum, j (of a number of per- 
 sons ; to rush hither and thither) : the 
 taihirs ft. about to their duties, d. nautae 
 ad offlcia trepidantes, Petr. 114, init.: 
 Caes. ; Liv. : v. TO RUN. 
 
 on: I. Intrans.; 1. ma- 
 
 tiiro, I (esp. with iter) they thought 
 they ought to ft. <m the more, eo magis 
 roaiurandnm iter existiniabant, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 6} : also without iter, maturan- 
 duin Hannibal ratus, Liv. 24, 12. 2. 
 curro, ) (poet.): when you have Ihrice 
 cast Ike dust uyion me, you may ft. o>i, 
 licebit Injecto ter pulveri-, curras, Hor. 
 0(i. I, 28, fin. II. Trans. 1. 
 
 maiuro, l (iei'<ft due expedition): Cic: 
 Caes.. y.supr. (I). 2. praecIpUo. i 
 (unduly): to ft. on the vintage, vinde- 
 miam pr.. Col. j, 21, ad fin. 3. msto, 
 stiti, I (poet.): they were h.ing mi (Che 
 manufacture of) the car and wheels, 
 currum rotasque inslabant, V^iru. Aen. 
 8, 4JJ. 
 
 hurry (subs.) : 1, festinatio the 
 h. of persons running to and fro, f. dis- 
 currentium. Curt, j, 8, ad fin.: we must 
 take care not to use too much speed in 
 our ft., caveiidum est ne in festiiiationi- 
 bus nimias suscipiamus celeritates. Cic. 
 Off. I, j6, iji. 2. trepTdalio. v. alarm. 
 P h r. . to be in a ft., festinare, trepidare 
 (v. TO huurt, 1.) r what .' in such a ft. (so 
 quickly), hui ! tain cito, Ter. Andr. j, 1, 
 16 to do nothing in a ft., nihil cursim. 
 raptim, tt-mere facere (v. hurriedly). 
 
 hurrying (adj ) •• Pf rh. trSpIdus 
 (moving tremidously) : v. trembung, 
 
 FLICKERING. 
 
 hurrying (subs.) ■ Phr.: " there was 
 ft. to and fro,'' *et jam discurritur, tre- 
 pidatur • let there be no ft. of the ivork, 
 *ne quid praccipitetur operis ; v. to 
 HURRY, and foil. artt. 
 
 hurt (v.): A. Trans. |. 
 
 Lit.: to cause suffering . 1. laedo, 
 si, sum, ? (to mar, wound, damage : with 
 ace.) : all '. may tlte cold not ft. thee, ah ! 
 te ne frigora 1., Virg. E. 10. 48 ; Ov. ; v. 
 TO KJURE. 2. nOceo, 2 (to be hurtful 
 to: with dat.): v. to injure. ||. 
 Fig., to wound any one's feelings : of- 
 fendo, di. sum, } : to h. any one's feel- 
 ings by insult, contumelia of. aliquem, 
 Cic. Att. 6, J, med.: v. to okfknd, 
 WOUND. P h r. to be h. (vexed) at any- 
 thing, aliiiuid nioleste, graviter, acerbe 
 ferre.Cic. Att. 1, 17,?: id. Verr. Act. 1,58, 
 i;2. B. I n fans. : to give pain: 
 doleo, 2: it h.s me when I am thrashed, 
 mihi dolet quum vapulo, PI. Kpid. 1, 2, 
 44 : /'cuius, it (the wound) ft.s me not, 
 I'aete, non dolet. Arria in Plin. Ep. }, 
 16, 6: Mart, i, i ! : v to I'ALN. 
 
 hurt (■''"''«•) ■ vulnus: v. wound, in- 
 jury. To do A., nocere . v. to injure. 
 
 hurt ( part, adj.) : saucius : v. 
 
 WOUNDED. 
 
 hurtful: niicens, noxius, nScIvus, 
 noxiosus (the last two ran-); v. injuri- 
 ous. To be ft., nocere to be in an:/ tirise 
 ft., nocere qiiidpiam, Cic. N. 1). }, J5, 86. 
 
 hurtf ully : nOcenter : Cels. . Col. : 
 
 V INJIRU rsLY. 
 
 hurtfulness : expr. by verb or adj. : 
 thert. is no doubt of tlie ft. (o/iY), *non 
 dubium est quin noceat. noxium (nociv- 
 um) sit. 
 
 hurtle: i- e- to dash together with a 
 noise : *cum fragore coUidi : v. to dash 
 together, clash. 
 
 husband (subs.) : 1. m&ritus (the 
 usual and most specific term) : Cic. : 
 Hor. 2. vir, vSrI : / am undone: 
 what ansircr shall I give to my ft.? 
 peril ! quid v. meo respondelw > Ter. 
 Hec. 4, 1, I : because she had no A., 
 propterea quod v. non halieret, Cic. 
 Verr. Act. 1, 25, 64: Hor. ; Petr. 3. 
 2 C 
 
 conjux, ugis (poet.): Virg. Ov. ,_ t 
 81-ousE. 4. (of a stare) oontitbenialis. 
 is CoL 12, I. Phr.: to take a A., 
 nubere (with dat. of person) . v. to 
 
 MARRY. 
 
 husband ("O '■ perh. parco, }. v. -TO 
 E<;o.NO«i/.hT srARE. Phr.: he resolved 
 carefully to ft. the supply of com, fm 
 mentuni parce et pauUalim metlrl in 
 stituit, Caes. B. G. 7, 71 ne must care- 
 fully A. the supply of com, •frumtnium 
 parce admodum est dispensandum. 
 
 husbandman . agrlcOla, c6IOna«, 
 aratur v. fakmkb. 
 
 husbandry ■ agrtcultura, res rustic* 
 
 (or pi.): V. AGRICULTURE. 
 
 hush (inteij.): 1. st ! (colloq.): 
 PI. Clc. often joined with lace, taceie, 
 PI. C!a8. 2, I, 5, etc. 2. lace, lacgt*, 
 quin taces, tacetis v silent, to bk. 3. 
 (preparatory to religious ceremonies) 
 tivete linguist (Gr. (v4>riiJ.(iv) : Hor. 
 Od. }, I, 2. 
 
 hush ; 1. comprlmo, pressi, ssnm, 
 J (to keep from getting abroad) : to A. 
 up any one's faults, delicta alicujus c, 
 Cic. Att. 10, 4. I they did their best to 
 ft. up the nport of the Jail <f CarViage, 
 ex iudustria lamam captae Karlhaglnis 
 conipresserunt. Llv. 26, 51. 2. celo, 
 tego, etc. . v. to conceal. See also to 
 
 still, ArPEASE. 
 
 husk; 1. foUlculus an ear of 
 com has three parts, tlie grain, the A., 
 the awn, splca tria ;;-<het contineutia, 
 granum, f., aristam, Varr. it. R i. 48: 
 Col. . also of other seeds, as the shell of 
 the bean, fabae f., Petr. i??. 2. gluma 
 (defined as trltici folliculus, Varr. I.e.). 
 3. siliqua (only of leguminous 
 plants) ■ the ft.s and stalks of beant, 
 fabae siliquae caulesque, Plin. 18, 12, 
 JO . Virg. V. POD. 4. piitamen, Inis, 
 n. (peeling or shell) : h.s of beant, 
 fabarum putamlna, Petr. 1(5. 
 
 husky: P^rh. fuscus- cf. Quint. 11, 
 }, 15, where vox fusca is opp. to vox 
 Candida, so Cic. N. D. 2, 58, i ;6. If a 
 temporary state of the voice t)e meant, 
 perh. subraucus (somewhat hoarse) : v. 
 HOARSE. (Vox aspera, Quint. I. c, is a 
 harsh, rough voice.) 
 
 hustings ; perb- suggestus, suggest- 
 uni V I'LATKORM. (.it the lioman 
 Comitia the votes were taken in fenced 
 enclosures called sepia.) 
 
 hustle ; inter se trudere atque pul- 
 sare v. to elbow, j(jsti.e. 
 
 hut: tupiirium, tectum (informer 
 miserum, etc.). v. hovel, cottags. 
 Phr.: winter hs for soldiers, hiberna- 
 cula, Liv. 5, 2, i7iit. 
 
 hutch : pci'h- dolium : used for Keep- 
 ing dormice, Varr. R. K. }, 12 (R. and 
 A.): or perh. better, cilvea, a cage for 
 beasts or poultry, Cic. Div. 2, 35, 7?- 
 Virg.: V. CAGE. 
 
 huzza: io. evax! v. hurrah. Se* 
 also ac<lamation. 
 
 hyacinth : (?) byacimhus^ or -os. i. 
 m.: Virg. (it Is doubtful whether the 
 flowers are the same). 
 
 hyacinthine: hyadnthlnus • Cat.: 
 Pers. 
 
 hyads : 1. hySdes, um, /. ac.- 
 Ov. 2. siiculae, arum . cf. Cic N.I). 
 2, 4J, 111 : Plin. 
 hyaena: hvaena Plin. 8, JO. 44. 
 hyaline ((w(;-) -• hyaiim's. Capeii. 
 hybrid ; 1. li'l>'''''a or hybrlda 
 ((17! animal of cross breid): Plin. 8, 51. 
 79. Applied to persons of mixed rocr. 
 Hor. S. I, 7, 2: AucL B. Afr. 2. 
 expr. by Mgenerus, a, um: mules are 
 A.s,muli (sunt) biireiieri [aique insiliili> 
 Varr. R. K. 2, 8: A--', b. animalla, Kesl. 
 in P. Diac s. v., whire the term Is ex- 
 plained by, ex diverso genere nata. 
 hydra": hydra, ae,/.. Cic: Ov. 
 hydraulic : bydraullcns: A. machines, 
 h. org;ma. I'lm. 7, 17. ?8. 
 hydraulics : •hydraulica, orum. 
 hydrocele: hydrocele, es,/. • .Mart. 
 12. 85 . Ct'U. Uses the (jr. form, 7, 18. 
 hydrocephalus: hydrftcCpbaius, i- 
 
 jM. L. : Cels. uses the Gk. torm, DDi 
 humor cutem [capitis] inflat, v&poKf- 
 <ba\ov Graeci appellant, 4, 1, i. 
 
 J85
 
 HYDROGEN 
 
 ICE 
 
 IDEAL 
 
 hydrOtieil *principiuni hydrogeni- 
 uni (Kr.) as sclent, t. t., h. (/as, *gas 
 hydrogenium (Kr.). 
 
 hyaromancy. hydromantia- Plin. 
 
 hydromel hydr6meii,itis,n.: PUn. 
 
 M. n. 20- 
 
 hydrophobia ; hydrophobia ; Coel. 
 Aiir. Cels. uses the Gr. lorm, solet ex 
 to vulnere aquae timor na»ci vSpo<l>o- 
 piav Graeci appellant. Ov. has I he p et. 
 circumU formiilatae aquae (i>!.), Puut. i 
 i. 24- 
 
 hydrophobic hydrophoblcus : Coel, 
 Anr 
 
 hydrostatics *hydrosta.iica, orum: 
 as t t. 
 
 hygrometer. *hygrOnietrum: ii'it.t. 
 
 hymen: H.vtnen, Hymenaeus: Cat.: 
 Ov. The two are oteii joined in invo- 
 cations. Hymen, Hymenaee ! Cat. 
 62 Ov 
 
 hymeneal: 1, Hymenelus (very 
 rare) CapelL 2. nuptialis, e . v. 
 NUPTtAL. A h. ode, Hymeuaeiis, Ter. 
 Ad. 5, 7, 6 (H. canere) Cat. : Lucr. 
 
 hymn (subs.) l. hymnus (not 
 
 class., hut best word to denote a Chris- 
 tian h.) . Vulg. Eph. V. 19 Priid 2. 
 carmen, inis, n. (ami ode or poem) : 
 (they are nont) to sing a li. to Christ, as 
 a God, c. Cljristo quasi Deo dkere, Plin. 
 Ep. 10, 96 (97), 7. 
 
 hvmn(«-)- cano, cgcini, cantum, j: 
 of. Hor Od. I, 10, 5, te canam .... or 
 expr. by circumi ..^irmina alicui diceie: 
 V. preced art. (Hymnitico, i, unclass. . 
 Commod.) 
 
 hymnal, hymn-book : *hymnorum 
 liber or perh. *liyiiinale, is, «. 
 
 hymnology; expr. by hymnus.- a 
 treatise on h., *de hymnis Qdivinis] 
 scriptus liber. 
 
 hypallage ; hypallage, es, /. : Serv. 
 ad Aen. ?. 61. 
 
 hyperbaton ; hyperbaton, i, n. : 
 yuinU 8, 6. 62. 
 
 hyperbole : hyperbSle, es, /. ; or-a, 
 ae : Cic. lop. 10. Jin.: Quint. 8, 6,68: 
 fur which Cic. has tlie definition, veri- 
 tatis superlatio atque trajectio, de Or. }, 
 5J, 20} ; and yuint., decens veri super- 
 jectio, 1. c. 
 
 hyperbolical : P h r. : 7t. expressions, 
 superlaia (verba), Cic. Part. 15, 5J ; 
 'quae per hyperbolen dicuntur. (Not 
 hyperbolicus.) 
 
 hyperbolically : *per hyperbolen. 
 (Hyperbolice, Hier.) 
 
 hypercatalectic : hypercatalectus, 
 eg., versus: Serv.: Prise. 
 
 hypercritic (cf- toll, art.) ; Ari- 
 
 starcheus Varr. L. L. 8, J4, $6j. 
 
 hypercritical : P h r. : ah. person, 
 who lays stress on almost every word, 
 cui nullus est finis calumiiiandi et cum 
 singulis paene syllabis commorandi (aZ. 
 commoriendi), Quint. 8, prooem. ji : to 
 be h., judicio nimis acri subtilique uti, 
 cf. GelL 7, }, ad init. ; fastidii nimis de- 
 licati esse (habitually so), cf. Cic. Fiu. 
 I, 2, 5 insipid and h, examination in- 
 sulsa nimis et odiosa scrutatio, Gell 9, 
 10. fin. 
 
 hypercritically : per caiumnias, 
 
 Gell. 7, 2: or sometimes, Inique (un- 
 fairly), cf. Gell. 7, J, Jin. more fully, 
 *inique ac nimis subtiliter; nimis cu- 
 riose, curiosius : cf. Quint. 8, i, 2. To 
 judge h., columnlari, v. preced. art. 
 
 lu^percriticism : 1. perh. [ni 
 
 mia] calumnia- cf. Quint. 10, i, 115; 
 
 and Gell. -, 2, per caiumnias rimari. 
 
 2. judicium nimis acre ac subtile . 
 
 T CBITICISM. 
 
 hyphen . hyphen, indecl. : Diom. (in 
 somewhat different sense from tne 
 Eng.). 
 
 hypocaust: 1. hypQcaustum or 
 -on, i: Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 11 Vitr. 5, 10, i 
 {al. hypocausis). 2. hypScausis, is, 
 / ■ Vitr. 1. c. 3 (?) vaporarium : 
 Cic Q Fr J, I, I. 
 
 hypochondria . perb. atra bills (Gr. 
 \xlKay■)^oHa), regarded as the source of 
 madness, cf. Cic. Tusc. J, 5, 11 or as 
 ined. t. £., hypochondria (strictly o part 
 of the body near the ribs\s v. Forcell. 
 
 S.V. 
 386 
 
 hypochondriacal ; mglancholiius 
 V. MFXANCHOi.ic. Phr. to t)e h., (i) m- 
 saiiiae moesto quodam genere laborare. 
 
 hyocrisy: I. in gen. sense 1, 
 simiilatio (^pretending to be what one is 
 not) : the natural dispositum of erery 
 man is concealed by coi:erii>gs oj ft., 
 simulationum involucris tegitur natura 
 uniuscujusque, Cic. Q. Fr i, i, 5 v 
 PRETENCE. 2. disslmiilatio (tUe kid- 
 ivy of what one. really is) • Join: simu- 
 latio dissimulatioque (the two express- 
 ing the lull idea of ft.), Cic. Off. j 15, 
 in it. Phr a man made up of h. and 
 lies, homo toius ex Iraude et mendaciu, 
 Cic. Clu. 26,./(n. II. With ref. to re- 
 ligion *pietatis erga l)eum simulaiio; 
 pietas ficla, simulaia v <,upr (I.). 
 
 hypocrite, simulator, dissimulator 
 (for syn. v. preced. art. 1.): Join sim- 
 ulator ac dissimulatx)r; Sail. Cat. s. 
 (Hypocriia, Vulg. Matt, xxiii. I?, ere.) 
 
 liypocritical : 1. simuiatus in- 
 simQlatus v pretended. 2. fictus 
 you remember his h. looks, Bctos ejus 
 simulatosque vultus recordaminl, Cic. 
 Clu. 26, fin. 
 
 hypocritically ; 1. simulate . Cic. 
 2. ticte: Cic: V preced. art 
 
 hypothesis: *hyp6thesis, is, /. (nut 
 
 class., and only to be used in sclent, 
 sense) . 1 don't frame hi/potlieses, h nun 
 fingo, Sir 1. Newton Cartes. Splnos. 
 Phr : on this hypothesis, quo posito, 
 Cic. Fin. j, 8, 29: meie hyp<ithesi.<', ra- 
 tiones eae, quae ex conjectura pendent, 
 quae disputaliunibus hue et illuc tran- 
 untur, Cic. Acad. 2, }6, 116. (N.B.— In 
 common phras., sententia, opinio, may 
 serve: whichsoever h. he atcepts, (lUSim- 
 cuuque sentenliam probuverit, Cic. Ac. 
 2, J7, 119. V OPINION.) See also sdf- 
 
 POSITION, CONDITION 
 
 hypothetical : hypdihgtlcns (asphil. 
 t.t.)- Apul. . Cartes. In common phras., 
 expr. by circumi., ex [mera] conjectura 
 pendens, quod conjectura [sola] niiitur : 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 hypothetically ; Phr,: to lay down 
 anything ft., allquid ponere, sumere : v. 
 
 TO ASSUME. 
 
 hyssop; hyssopus, i,/.. Cels.; hys- 
 sopum, Plin. 
 
 hysteria : exanimatio volvae, Plin. 
 il, J, I?; suffocatio volvae, id. 20, ;, 15. 
 (But hysteria is used as med. 1. 1. : Edd. 
 ad Cels. 4, 20, i.) 
 
 hysterical: hystericus: Mart. II, 
 71, I. II. women, vulvarum conversicne 
 suffocatae (mulieres), Plin. 20, 22, 87 . 
 ft. affections, exanimaliones «. guffoca- 
 tiones, Plin. : v. preced. art. 
 
 I. 
 
 IAMETJS : iambus, i . Cic. : Hor. 
 iambic: 1. iamblcus^ Diom.: 
 M. L. 2, iambgiis . Hor. Iambic 
 verse or iambics, iambi, orum • Hor. Od. 
 I, 16, 2 J Plin. jun. Phr.: in i. verse, 
 pede ter percusso, Hor. S. i, 10, 4}. 
 
 ibex : ibex, ibicls Plin. 
 
 ibis : ibis, is, /. : Cic. N. D. 2, 50, 
 126 Plin. (Rarely, ibis, idis Ov, 
 Ibid. 59.) 
 
 ice (SMbs.) : 1. g\ades,ei,f.: slip- 
 pery, smooth, hardened, deep-frozen i., 
 g. lubrica, levis, durata, alte concreta, 
 Liv. 21, j6- i. melts, g. diffundit se [11- 
 quefacta et dilapsa], Cic. N. I). 2, 10, 26 ; 
 Hor 2, g61u, is, »!.; alsogelus, i, m. ; 
 g61um, n. (more usu, ^= frost, q. v ) • 
 to guess at the thickness of the i., gelus 
 crassitudinem conjectare, Plin. 8, 28, 
 42 the loud crash of the i., geli multus 
 fragor, Lucr. 6, 15?. (N'.B.— For pur- 
 poses of luxury the Romans used snow : 
 cf. Sen. Ep. 95, 25, aestiva nix.) Cold 
 as I. (in lax sense), gelidus, Cic (v 
 COLD, :cr) : to make a thing as cold 
 as i., aliquid ad nivalem rigorem per- 
 ducere, Macr SaL 7, 12, med. : '« drink 
 tvata' that is as cold as i., aquan: potiire 
 rigentem. Mart. 14, ii" to be as cold 
 as i. (coUoq.), perh. tolimi frigere, Ter. 
 Ph. S. 8. 5- 
 
 ice ("•) Phr. to i. water, aquam 
 vitro in nives demissam refrigerare, 
 Plin. ji, J, 2J (for which, 18, 4, 19, ^ 2, 
 he has hiemare, 1, e. to freeze, cl. id. 9, 
 22, j8, hiemato lacu, when the lake it 
 frozen over) : iced drinks, nivatae po- 
 tiones. Sen. N. Q. 4, ij, 9- iced water 
 for the hands, aqua in manus nivata, 
 Petr. ji: a vessel for icing, lagoiia 
 nivaria. Mart. 14, 116, /»m.: *vas in quo 
 liquor nivibus circumjeciis refrigeratur, 
 cf. Meurs. ad. Macr. Sat. 7, i ;, med. 
 
 iceberg : *glaciei uiviumque con- 
 cret;i strues. 
 
 ice-cold; gelidlssimus : v cold, icy. 
 
 ice-house : reponendaenivls^^glacieij 
 ofiiciua : Sen. N. Q. 4, i J, 8. 
 
 icicle: 1. stirm: a bristling i., 
 s. iionida, Virg. G. j, j66- Plin. 2. 
 stalagmia Plin, J4. 12, {2. 
 
 ichneumon • ichneumon, onls, m. ■ 
 Plin. Cic. 
 
 iconoclast : perh. * simulacrorum 
 eversor 
 
 icy. 1, glicialis, e i. winter, g. 
 hiems, Virg. Aen. }, ^85 the i. breezes 
 of the North wirul, Boreae g. aurae, Val. 
 Fl. 2. gfilidus (ice-cold, frosty) : i. 
 vatei; gelidissima aqua, Plin. ^i, 2, 6 
 
 Cic. Virg. V COLD, FROSTY. 
 
 idea: I. ilaUmic: l, idea (( it 
 i&ea) the i. is the eternal type, i. est ex- 
 emplar aeternum. Sen. Ep. 58, 15 Macr 
 
 1. 14, med. (Cic. uses the Gr word). 
 
 2. species, ei (appy the current 
 I^atin equiv.) cf. Cic Top. 7, init. 
 (N.B. — Not to be used in yen. or abl. 
 pi..- Cic. I. c.) 3. forma: cf. Cic. 
 Top. i. c, formae sunt quas Graeci 
 tSeas vocant: to be used rather than 
 species in gen. and abl. pi. 4. ex- 
 emplar, aris, n. (Gk. TrapaSeiyfui) ■ cf. 
 Sen. Ep. 58, is(supi:). ||, A concep- 
 tion, notion; \, notio; nature has 
 impressed upon llic minds of all an i. 
 of gods, in omnium animis deorum n. 
 impressit natura, Cic. N. U. i, 16, 4j 
 V. NOTION. (For innate idea, v innate.) 
 
 2. notitia (more definite than pri- 
 ced.): to have some i. of God, habere n. 
 aliquam l)ei, Cic. Leg. i, 8, 24: v. no- 
 TiON. 3. species, ei (like pieced.): 
 there dwelt in his mind an i. of elo- 
 quence, insidebat in ejus animo s. elo- 
 quentiae, Cic, Or. 5, 18; i.s inconsistent 
 iiith the truth, s. aliae veris (al. veri), 
 Hor. S. 2, i, 208. 4. imago, inis, /, 
 (a kind of mental picture) : my mind 
 shrinks back from the i. of such a crime, 
 norret animus tanti flagitii imagine, 
 I'ac. even barbarians have some i. of 
 justice present to tlieir mind, justitiae 
 barbaris quoque apparet aliqua i., Quint. 
 
 2, 20, 5. 5. informatio v concep- 
 tion (III., 2). Phr.- to form an i. of 
 the nature of (o thing), intelligere et 
 cogitatione complecti quale sit, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 22, 51 ; you may Jorm an i. 
 how wearied out I am, concipere animo 
 potes quam simus occupati. Plin. Ep. j, 
 9, 24 (v. TO conceive) . not to be able to 
 J'oim the faintest i. of a thing, aliquid 
 ne suspicione quidem attingere posse, 
 Cic. N. D i, 25, 64. III. A thought : 
 sententia (esp. nhen expressed m a con- 
 cise form, a maxim) : acute i.s, crowded 
 together, acutae crebraeque s., Cic. de 
 Or. 2, S,Jin.: cf. Plin, Ep. 1, 16, 2, ad- 
 sunt (ei) aptae crebraeque sententiae. 
 Sometimes res (matter) may serve thus 
 Cic. describes I'hucydides as, ita creber 
 renim frequentia (so rich in ideas) ut 
 verborum numerum sententiarum nu« 
 mero consequatur, de Or. 2, IJ, 56. 
 Phr.. association of i.s, *rerum copi- 
 tatarum (animo s. mente comprehensa- 
 rum) inter se consociatio tlie modes of 
 association of i.s are n umberless, *infin- 
 itis modis quae cogilamus inter se con- 
 sociantur. (N.B.— By no means asso- 
 ciatio idearum in philos. language, idea 
 must be used only to represent the Pla- 
 tonic iSea V supr.) 
 
 ideal (a-fij) |. Conformed to the 
 type (v IDEA, \.) 1. perfectus (often 
 
 in coqjunction with another word) the 
 I. orator, orator [plenus atque^ perfectus, 
 Cic. de Or 1, ij fin . who can attain
 
 IDEAL 
 
 IDLY 
 
 I F 
 
 to that i. pttfectom, qiiis ad ista summa 
 atque in oiiiiii pi-m-re perfecia poiesl 
 perveniie? Cic. dt- Or. i, ^9, I }l • tlie i. 
 desci i/ituni nj v rtue, fexplnta et per- 
 feclu lorma liime.-titiis, Clc. Kin. 2, 15, 
 init. So. I. prije-timi, perletiio ab.vu- 
 lutioqiie (c. g., in cmitore), ib. i, 28, 
 fiv. 2. "ptimus («itli n-f. 10 fzc-^'- 
 lence) : tluife lii> consider the subjtcl »/ 
 discitfsi"^) (\n the Uepublic uf I'lalu) /» 
 be till' t. lOmniim ea'tli,n»\ de uptiiiid ci- 
 wilate aRl e.xisuinint. .Siallb. Itip. pvj'. . 
 thi"- i. shoi iiuilcfr, optiniiis (ille) sutor, 
 Micli.l. Arist. Kill. 1. 7, 8. 3. univer- 
 salis, e (noi cla>s.) the i. man, opp lu the 
 indi i-ULual. Immo iiiiiv , h. .siiimilaris, 
 Mlchel.iid Arist. Kill. 1,6: v uni\ kiusal. 
 II. ( onvrctrd icitli the I'latimtc dnc- 
 li-ive (if ideas : I'lir ■ tke i. /ihilvsojiliy, 
 *Plaloiiiia ilia ratio; Idraruni .v. fur ma- 
 rum (aet>-riiai um) doctrina. |||. He 
 latint) to thiioijUl : qutid aiilmo s. uu'iite 
 comprchenditur, coiicipiiiir: v. lUK.* (11. 
 ^B.); TO coNCKivK. |V. Visiimary : 
 comnieiiticiua (-tins) : v. imaginary. 
 
 ideal (subs.)-. 1. expr. by per- 
 fectus, opilniiis. etc. : to attain to om-'s 
 i., quod optimum aiqiif in omiii genere 
 per tectum videtur attiiifi' n', based on 
 Cic. (v. IDKAL, adj.) all have wit tite 
 same i., *non oiuiiihus eadem optima 
 videntur. Ksp. in conne.xion with fonna, 
 species (v. iuka, 1.) : the i. of virtue, ex- 
 pleta et p. tornia hones'atis, Cic. Fin. 2, 
 IS. init. 2. exemplar, aris (with ref. 
 to the Platonic ideas): Sen. Kp. 58. 16. 
 3. species. 5i (v. idka, 1.) : ue xoill 
 sketcti out the i. of excellence in oratory, 
 excelleniis eloquentiae s. [et formamj 
 adumbrabinius, Clo. Or. 14, 4}. (>o 
 forma: v. sujn: I.) Plir. : the Cyrus 
 of Xenophon is v-ritten, not with his- 
 torical accuracy, hut to give an i. of 
 just government, Cyrus ille a Xeno- 
 phonte noli ad historiae Mem scriptus, 
 sed ad effi{;iem Jnsti imperii, Cic. (4. Fr. 
 I, I. 8. 
 
 idealism: *idealismus qui dicitur; 
 i. e. eorum opinio qui nihil extra men- 
 temexisiere statuunt. 
 
 idealist: *fiui nihil omnino praeter 
 animuiii atTectionesque ejus existere 
 statuit V. preeed. art. 
 
 identical ; idem , gadem. Idem ; unus 
 atque idem : \isu. foil, by qui, atque 
 (ac). V. L. (i. }62o: V. SAME. 
 
 identification: expr. by phr.: v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 identify: I. I'o prove to be the 
 same; to hold to be the same: Phr.: he 
 at once i.s the stolen properti/, "furta 
 stalim inventa sua esse declaiavit, de- 
 monstravit (cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, m) : 
 they i. tite expedient and the honnurahle, 
 •utile uniini atque Idem quod honestum 
 esse statuunt. ||. To recognise ; esp. 
 with ref. to persons: agiiosco, novi, 
 nitiim, } : v. to rkcognise. 
 
 identity: expr. by idem- he estalj- 
 lishes the 1. of the defendant, *reum 
 Ipsum euii'lem es.se Qargumeniis] con- 
 firmat : / am convinced of mji personal i., 
 *mibi pcrsuasissiniuni est Ipsum me eun- 
 dem esse hodii- qui aiitehac fui. 
 
 ides: idus, uum.y. : the i. if March, 
 I. Martiae, Cic. Caes. . Hor. (who adds 
 the ornamental epith. octonae, S. i, 6, 75). 
 idiocy : *'■ loiorcv. 
 idiom : 1. proprietas linguae [e. g. 
 Latinae, (iraecae]: Cliaris. 5. p. 256, 
 fin. : Kr. 2. Idioma, atis, n. (dat. 
 and ahl., -is or -ibus) : us liram. t. t. 
 CJharis. 1. c. : defined as, quae pro nostro 
 more elTerinuis, et non secuti Graecos; 
 quae proprietate linguae I.atliiae di- 
 ciintur, id. I c. 3. tonsuetCido: Charis 
 I. c. p 257. Phr.: these are dreek i.s, 
 haec propria sunt tJraeci S' rnionis, Kr. 
 •a (irapcis haec ratio dicendi est de- 
 ducts. (N.B. — Not idiotismus: v. Lat. 
 Diet. b. V.) 
 
 idiomatic : 1. expr. by proprius, 
 proprietas ■ i. expressions, quae [Latinae, 
 etc.J linguae propria sunt; quae ex 
 proprietate linguae diiuiitur, proferun- 
 tur V. iDiDM. 2. vernaciilus (/i»me- 
 ffroiin, samurmg of home): an i. cast 
 of expression, sapor v., Cic. br. 46, l^^. 
 
 Phr.: a thoroughly i. Latin stile, 
 •sermo s-cre l.,atiiius (cf. yuint. <o. 1, 
 .14 dicta vere Attica); seimo Latinae 
 lingiiae Incenio [proprietaiique] accom- 
 modal us. 
 
 i iomatically. ex proprietate lin- 
 guae aliciijus V. IDIOM. 
 
 idipsvncrasv : *proprium ailcujus 
 iiigeiiium : cf I'lin. Kp. i, 20, 17. 
 
 idiot : 1, fatuus (strictly, one 
 
 quite incapable): afoul I brlieve / am; 
 but I limit think I am an i., egomet me 
 stuliuiii existimo; f. mi- nun opiiior, 
 I'oet. in Isid. Or 10, 246: In e. n. sense 
 = foolish : Join: ta'uu< et amens, 
 Cic. Deiot. 7, II. 2. bucci., Onis, m. ■ 
 cl. PI. B.Kc. ;, I, 2, stuiti, >tolidi, latui, 
 fungi, bardi, bleniii (drivellers), buc- 
 cones : Apul. 3. homo excore. v. 
 
 MAD, INSANE. 
 
 idiotc : faiulus (sheer folly or in- 
 fotuatinn): Cic. Inv. 2, 12,99. 
 
 idiotic : fatuus : Ter. - Clc : v. in- 
 sane. 
 
 idle (a<0)' I. ^"^ employed [see 
 also idle, to re]. 1. oiiosus : they 
 stood as i. spectators of the calamity, j 
 spectatiireso. se praebuerunt calaniitatis, , 
 Cic. Off. 2, 7, extr. . I fear the money \ 
 must lie I., pecuniae vereor iie oti<jsae 
 jaceani, I'lin. Kp. 10. 6?(6i)- asap|ilied 
 to time, otiosiis denotes freedom from 
 regular business : v. leishrk {culj.) 2, 
 vacuus- to engage the i. mind, v. tenere 
 mentes, Virg. G. J. 5: Cic: v. unem- 
 ployed. 3, feriatus {keeping holi- 
 day) : to let one's sword hang i , ma- 
 chaeram f. gestitare, PI., cf. Cic. .\. D. 
 I, J7. ""'• 4. segnis, e (in this sense 
 not of persons ; poet.), to indulge in i. 
 repose, s. otia ducere, Ov. Pont, i, 5, 45 : 
 I. years (_in nhich nothing memorable is 
 done), s. anni, Albin 5. deses, idis 
 {doing nothing, nhen there is plenty to 
 be done : nom. sing, not found) : " e sit 
 I. at home, sedemus d. domi, Liv. j, 68, 
 med.: v. inactive. 6. ignavus(p)et.): 
 winter is an i. time for the f aimer, 
 biems ign. colono, Virg. G. i. 299. ||, 
 Averse to nork: ignavus, segnis, tners: 
 V. LAZY. Ill, Ineffectual, useless : 1. 
 vanus : i. prayers, v. preces, Ov. M. 9, 
 682: Hor.. V. vain. 2, irritus i. 
 words, i verba. Cat. : Hor. : v. fruit- 
 less. 3. inanis, e: i. rumours, In- 
 ania famae, Tac. Ann. 2, 76. 
 
 — . to be : 1. cesso, I : (you) have 
 been i. enough hitherto, ces.satuni usque 
 adhuc est, I'er. Ad. 4, 4, 2}: Liv. 
 Join: nihil agere et cessare (of the 
 gods of Kpicurus), Cic. N. I). ?, 59, fin. 
 2, vaco, I (to be disengaged : nith- 
 out regular business : cesso implies 
 backwardness in work): Cic. Fain. 12, 
 )o, ad init. : Hor. 3, sjdeo, sedi, 
 ssum, 2 (to remain inactive) : e.sp. with 
 deses: v. IDLE (L, 5). See also idly. 
 
 idle ('>■)'■ cesso, I: V. preeed art. 
 Phr.: to i. an ay time in banquets, 
 in conviviis tempiis terere. Liv. (but 
 tero does not necessarily imply blame) : 
 V. TO spend. 
 
 idleness: I. Do^ng nothing : 1. 
 ces-aiiu: to find a sly o/iportunity fin- 
 i., furtuni cessationis qiiaerere, Cic. Kam. 
 16, 26 there is no room for i., non datur 
 c. PI. Poen. 4, 2, 10;. 2. oliuni v. 
 leisure. II, fnilispositioti for work : 
 igtiavia, de.-idia, segnitia ■ v. laziness, 
 SLOTH. Phr.: busj/ /., inanis discursus, 
 inepti labure.s, Plin. Kp. f, 9, 7. 
 
 idler : 1. cessator.y . -trix . a good- 
 fur nothing i. (Dacus), nequam et c, 
 "Hor. S. 2, 7, ico: Cic. Or expr. by 
 part. (v. L. G. 6 6?8) they (fie bees) 
 chastise the indoleine nf the i.*, cessaii- 
 tiuiii inertiam c-istlgam, Plln. 11, 10, 10. 
 2. homo Ignavus, segnis, eta: v. 
 
 LAZY. 
 
 idly: I. inactively: \, seg- 
 
 niter (dilatorily, slo" ly) : Join seg- 
 niter, otiose, neglipenter. Liv. 2, 58. 
 
 2. expr. by oiiOsus, de.-*s (doing 
 nothing: comp. L. G. 1} MJ.) ought we 
 to look i. on, an oportet 110s desides se- 
 dere atque speclare.' v. idle (L, 1, 4) 
 
 II, M'ithout effect : expr. by vanus, 
 irritus v. kkuitlk«>lv 
 
 idol : I. -^ paiian deity .- L 
 idoliiiii. also -on. i Vulg 1 Cor. viil. 
 I . Tt-i t. 2. siniulacruin . v. imagb. 
 II. Fig. anythiny iieviirdlyViitd; 
 amores, deliciae / rnnpry my 1., Pom- 
 p^ius nosiri aiiiort-.s. i;ic. An. 2, 16, 2 
 i/onr i. Hofciuf, amores ac deliciae tuae, 
 Hoscius, Cic. I liv. i, 56,79. Phr. tkr 
 i. of the w'loU peiiple, erga quem sum- 
 mus populi amor; ciii cuiicii laveiit, cf. 
 Cic. Alt. 2, 21, } hi- ttecaiiie at once the 
 I. iif the army, prinio guiiim ndveniu 
 oiiinein ex- rciium in se convertll, Liv. 
 21. 4, init.: he us my i, totuni me tenet, 
 liabet, possldet, Pliii. Kp 1. 16, i my 
 i., ille aii'iciis nosier, Cic. Ati 2, 2i, 2. 
 
 idolater : 1. idolOlalres (or tra), 
 ae, m : Ten. de Idol.. Vulg : but the 
 Vulg more freq. has idolis servients; 
 cf. I Ojr. V II. 2. *siiiiuhJCroram 
 ciiltor; qui (quae) simulacra deorum 
 colli, veiieraiur, veneratioiie prosequi- 
 tur- V. to worship. 
 
 idolatrous : idOIOlatrlcus Tert. : 
 usu. be ter expr. by circunil.: i. yrac- 
 tices, 'quae ad falsorum deuriim cultum 
 pertinent; idolonim ritiis, caert-monia 
 
 idolatry: idolOlatria: Tert.: usu. 
 better expr. by circuml., •siiinilacrorum 
 cultus ac veneratio. to 6« dertiUd to i., 
 idolis servire, Vulg. : v. iikjlatkr. 
 
 idolize : i- e. to be passiiiialrly fund 
 of: depereo, 4, 1'rr. (lit. to be dying Jor: 
 with ace.) : Ter. Heaut j, 2, 14 • J o 1 n 
 deamare, deperire, PI. Kpid. 2, 2, 17- 
 Comp. idol (II.) 
 
 idyl : idylUum or edyllium (Gr. ti- 
 SvAAiov): Alison. 
 
 if: 1. si: (i.) with indic. (mere 
 assumption: L. G. } 424. I)- 1/ you 
 wish, J will prmluce u-itnesses, si vis, 
 testes dabo, Cic. : if we follow nature as 
 our guide, we shall never go wrong, na- 
 luram si sequemur ducem, nunquam 
 aberrabimus. Cic. (ii.) with subj. (im- 
 plying probability or possibility; L. G. 
 $ 424, 2, sqq.) : ij 1 ii-ished, I could not 
 possibly go aiiay, si velim, abire hint 
 nuUo facto possim, PI. if it had hap- 
 pened otherwise, si aliter accidisset, Cic. 
 (N.B. -Si is often used elliptically with 
 the subj. to express a wish : Oh ! if Ju- 
 piter would but restore my past years, 
 mihi praeteritos relerat si ./upiter an- 
 nos ! Virg. Aen. 8, 560 : Hor. . where, 
 gaudeam, or some such verb, may be 
 siipplietl: comp. Gr. et -yap.) (ill.) with 
 the verb understood (esp. in a negative 
 alternative, si minus); lead forUi xciih 
 you all your partisans , if not all, as 
 ' many as may be, educ tecum omiies 
 tuos; si minus, quam plurimos, Cic. Ciit. 
 I, 5, 10 (in which connexion, oft. tin 
 minus): eitlier nobody, or if an 11 one he 
 . . . ., aut nemo, aut si quisquam, ille 
 
 Cic Am. 2, 9 2. to iniroduce 
 
 a contrary alternative, sin (=si ne: if 
 not, if cm the contrary) : iJ he had dis- 
 approved, why had he alio td the law 
 tu be passedf if, on the contrary, he had 
 approved, why , , . . ' si improbasset, 
 cur lerri passus est.' sin p-i. basset, cur 
 ....?! aes. B. C. 1, J2: Clc: if other- 
 wise, sin aliter (the verb b lug under- 
 stood), I'er. I'h. 1, 2. 66; sin secus. PI.- 
 if not, sin minus (with or without a 
 verb expr.), Cic. Inv. 2, 29,88 Alt. 9, 
 15 (the ellip ical omstr. is In-tter htted 
 for colloquial lang.) for which, in the 
 epist. style occurs also, sin (alone)- cf. 
 Cic. Alt'. 16. If. meii.,s\ p.ires Inter »e, 
 quiesceiidum ; sin. latins niunabiu Sin 
 is olu-n sireiiglheneil by auiem, vero: 
 Cic. Col. (N.U.— li Is not liidi>pensable 
 that -in shouU* be preeed d by si ; but 
 the preceding member of ih<- sentence 
 must in some way present an alterna- 
 tive: cf Caes. B. C. i. !2, oral ac pi«tu- 
 lat, remp. su?cipianl ffiist alternative] 
 .... sin tiiiiore d'-fiigiaiil, if hmueoer 
 they are afraid ^' do that . . ). 3. 
 sometimes expr. by pariicip claiL-^e: / 
 praise lier (Fortune) if shi- nrtunns ; if 
 (on the contrary) she sliakf>. hei swift 
 wings . . . n Undo manent""i ; si ce- 
 
 leres quatit peniias H.ir. (Jo. ,. 
 
 29, 55 ; if admitted to vien; cnuld ye re- 
 frain from laughter f speculum aii- 
 
 ?8l
 
 IF, AND 
 
 IGNORANT, TO BE 
 
 ILL-BRED 
 
 missi, risum teneatis ? Hor. A. P. 4 : 
 wmly. an adject may be used hypothe- 
 tically : if fortune be adverse, he hopes ; 
 if propitious, he fears a change of lot, 
 sperat infestis, metuit secundis alteram 
 sortem, Hor. Od. 2, ir>, 12. 4. sive, 
 seu (whether . . . .orif): (i.) si ... . 
 sive (seu) if trunks of trees, or if ves- 
 sels were floated doun by Vie barbarians, 
 si arborura trunci, sive naves essent a 
 barbaris missae, Caes. B. G. 4, 17, extr. r 
 PI.: V. OR. (ii ) sive (fieu) without a 
 preceding si (rare) : / demand, or if it 
 be right (to say so), I entreat you . . . ., 
 postulo, bivt,' aequum est, te ore . . . ., 
 Ter. Andr. i, 2, 19: with seu, Virg. 
 Aen. II. 527. (iii.) sive (seu) .... 
 sive (seu) : cf. Hur. Od. J, 4, init., seu 
 (or if) voce nunc mavis acuta, seu fidi- 
 bus, etc. : Cic. (wLio uses the form sive): 
 
 Quint. : v. WHETHEB. 
 
 if, and : quod si or quodsi, in a nega- 
 tive sentence, quod nisi, quod ni (de- 
 noting that the liypotbesis introduct-d 
 depends in some way on what precedes 
 may sometimes expr. but if, if indeed ; 
 being chiefly used where a greater em- 
 phasis is to be used) : cf. Cic. Mur. 2, 4, 
 
 quodsi portu solventibus ii quo 
 
 tandem me animo, etc. : ib. J, 6, qundsi 
 turn, quum respublica desiderabai, vici 
 
 naturam et vehemens fui nunc 
 
 quanto tandem studio debeo . . . . : 
 Nep. Hann. I, quod nisi domi civium 
 suorum debilitatus fuisset (if indeed he 
 had not been ueakened), Romanos vi- 
 detur superare posse. 
 
 — but : sin. sin autem : v. if (2). 
 — , even: etiamsi. V. ALTHOUGH. 
 
 — indeed: 1. si quidem or si- 
 quidem (esp. in making a concession, 
 and parenthetically) : o fortunate com- 
 monwealth : if indeed (if realty. Gr. 
 tlyi) it have ejected this refuse, for- 
 tunatam remp., si quidem banc sen- 
 tinam ejecerit ! Cic Cat. 2, 4, T : but 
 siquidem oftener = seeing thai, q. v. 
 
 . 2. quodsi (to introduce a new hy- 
 pothesis) : V. IF, AND. 
 
 — only : dummodo : you toill relieve 
 me of great fear if only there be a vail 
 between me and you, magno me metu 
 liberabis, d. inter me atque te murus 
 intersit, Cic. Cat. i, 5, 10: v. pko- 
 
 VIDED. 
 
 igneous : igneus, ignis naturam ha- 
 bens, ignea natura praeditus : ▼. piert. 
 
 ignite: I, Trans.: tosetonfre: 
 accendo, } : v. to kindle. ||. 1 n- 
 trans • to take fire: ardesco, exar- 
 iesco, excandesco : v. fire, to take. 
 
 ignition: expr. by verb; v. TO 
 
 IGNITE. 
 
 ignoble : I. Of descent, origin ; 
 
 1. ignobilis, e (implying absence of 
 honorary distinclioii) : the i. reign of 
 (Ser.) Tullius, TuUi ig. regnum, Hor. S. 
 I, 6, 9. Liv. Join: inglorius atque 
 iguobilis, Cic. Tusc. ?, 24, init. 2. 
 obscurus: of i. birth, [humili atque] 
 obs. loco natus, Cic. Verr. 5, 70, 181 ; 
 obs. ortus niajoribus, id. Off. i. j2, 116. 
 
 II. In moral sense, low, base : in- 
 hOnestus, turpis, degener, etc.: v. dis- 
 honourable, degenerate. 
 ignobly; inhoneste, turplter: v. dis- 
 
 HONoLRAKLr. 
 
 ignominious : 1. turpis, e (most 
 gen. term) : v. base, dishonourable. 
 
 2. contiimeliosus (usu. in act sense, 
 insulting [q. v.] : also of events, involv- 
 ing affront and contumely) : an i. (or 
 humiliating) war, c. bellum. Veil. 3. 
 ignominiosus (involving disgrace): i. 
 flight, ign. fnga, Liv. }, 23 . i. discharge 
 {of a soldier), ign. missio. Modest. Dig. 
 49, 16, J, } I. See also disgraceful. 
 
 ignonuniously : i. expr. by ig- 
 nominia: to discharge sokiiers i., (mi- 
 lites) cum i. dimiitere, Liv. j, s.fxtr.; 
 ab exercitu ignuminiae causa reniovere, 
 Auct B Afr. 54 : to punish any one i., 
 aliquem ignuminia afiBcere, Suet. Aug. 
 24. 2. ignoniinlose (rare) : Eutr. 
 Arn. 3. turpiter: v. basely, dis- 
 gkacefully. 
 
 ignominy ; ignominia [v. preced. 
 art j, turpitude, dedecus : v. disgrace, 
 i88 
 
 Phr. : to be covered with i., infamia fla' 
 grare, Cic. Verr. Act- i, 2, 5 : cf. ru- 
 more malo flagrare, Hor. S. i, 4, 125. 
 
 ignoramus : ini omnino rudis est 
 hteramm ; e.xpers omnibus Uteris. 
 
 ignorance: 1. ignoratio (usu. 
 
 with ref. 10 definite thixys not known, 
 objectively ; wliereas ignorantia denotes 
 a state of the mind, suljeclively) i. of 
 causes, ign. causarum, Cic. When igno- 
 rance in gen. sense U meant, rerum may 
 be added (cf. L. G. i 595): to be in a 
 state of extreme i. [in ^ummo errore 
 atque] ign. maximarum rerum versari, 
 Cic. N. 1). I, 1, extr.: Curt 2. igno- 
 rantia (Cic. prefers ignoratio) : i. 0/ lite- 
 rature, ign. literaruni, Cic. Kl. 20, 46: i. 
 of the yroumi, ign. loci, Caes. 15. C. J, 
 68: Ov. (X.B.— Ignorantia is said to 
 mean culpable ignorance ; ignoratio, ig- 
 norance of what one has had no means 
 of knowing: Habicht, } 522- But '!) 
 3. inscientia (partial ignorance, 
 imperfect knowledge : cf. Cic. de Or. i, j 
 46, 20}, neque solum inscientiam meam, ! 
 sed ne rerum quidem magniludinem { 
 perspicit): the deity cannot even have 
 the excuse of i., Deo ne excusatio qui- 
 I deni est inscientiae, Cic. N. 1>. }, J7, 
 extr. Join: error atque inscientia, 
 Cic. Inv. 1, 2, init. 4. inscitia (lack 
 of judgment OT practical knouledge) : i. 
 of business, negotii gerendi ins., Cic. 
 Prov. Cons. 5, 11 ; cf Ter. Phr. i. 2, 27- 
 Sometimes appy. = inscientia, cf. Cic. 
 de Or. I, 22, 99, earum rerum quae 
 quasi in arte traduntur inscitia. P h 1 . : 
 to keep any one in i., celare aliquid ali- 
 quem (v. TO conceal; and L.G. 1^24}) : 
 to be in i., nescire (v. ignorant, to be). 
 ignorant: I. ^^'"^ knowing or 
 acquainted inth: 1. ignarus (most 
 gen. term : usu. with gen., less freq. with 
 rel. clause, or ace. and inf.) : i. of phy- 
 sical science, physicorum ign., Cic. ■ i. 
 of the worth qt virtue, ign. quid virtus 
 valeret, Cic. Se.xt 28, 60 J am not i. 
 that many unll say, uon ign. sumus 
 
 multos dicturos Cic. Tusc. 2, I, 
 
 J. 2. inscius (used wiih ref. to dif- 
 ferent degrees of ignorance ; constr. like 
 preced.) : Socrates pretends to be i. of 
 everything, S. se omnium rerum ins. | 
 fingit [et rudem], Cic. Br. 85, 292 : i. of 
 what was going on, ins quid gereretur, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 77, init. : nor am I i. that 
 there is utility m history, nee sum inoc. 
 esse utilitatem in historia, Cic. Fin. ;. 
 19, 51. Absol., i. persons (opp. to scien- 
 tific physicians), homines inscii irape- 
 ritique, Cic. Fin. 2, 5. fin. 3. nescius 
 (= ignarus: but chiefly poet.: constr. 
 like preced.) : i. of desti7iy, n. fati, Virg. ■ 
 Plin. Kp. Also Cic. has, nescius sum 
 (= nescio), full, by ace. and inf„ cf. 
 Fin. I, ini!., non eram n. . . . fore. The 
 sequence of a rel. clause is poet. : Ov. 
 4. impriidens, ntis (rwt atvare of : 
 esp. used where such ignorance is at- 
 tended by some error or mischance) r i. 
 of the law (and so breaking it), imp. 
 legis, Cic. Inv. 2, Jl, 95 : '• "/ the reli- 
 gious restriction (and so transgressing), 
 imp. reiigionis, Liv. ji, 14, med. See 
 also ignorant, to be. ||. Generally 
 destitute of knoivledge : 1, indoctus : 
 i. anii boorish, ind. et agresiis (opp. to 
 hunianus et poliins, Cic. Part 25, 90) : 
 an i. man, houeiier highly gifted, homo 
 ind. quamvis sit ingeniosus, Auct Her. 
 4, 46, 59. Rarely with gen., Hor. A. P. 
 J 80. 2. imp6ritus (unpractised, not 
 veised in): \. inexperienced. Comp. 
 supr. (I., 2, ex.). 3. riidis, e : v. un- 
 acquainted. 
 
 , to be: 1. ignore, I (foil, by 
 
 direct ace. of persons or things ; also ace. 
 and inf. or rel. clause: when attended 
 by a negative, by quin) : those who were 
 i. of the man, qui ilium ignoraliant, Cic. 
 Ace. 2, 2, 4; who VMS i. that Pompeius 
 had concluded a treaty, quis ignorabat 
 P. fecisse foedus.> Cic. Rep. j, 18: the 
 king being i. which of the two teas 
 Orestes, ignorante rege, uter eorum esset 
 Orestes, Cic Am. 7, 24 : who is i. (=no- 
 body is i.) that there are three races of 
 Greeks, quis ign , quin tria Graecorum 
 
 genera sint ? Cic. H. 27, 64. 2. nescio. 
 ivi and Ii, itum, 4 (like preced., but 
 more coUoq.) : be the soul air or fire, [ 
 am i. (cannot tell), aninia sit animus 
 ignisve, nescio, Cic. Tusc. I, 25, 60 • 
 Ter. : Ov.: to kntno Latin or be i. of it, 
 Latine scire, nescire, Cic. Br. J7, 140. 
 
 ignorantly : I. WitJiaut being 
 
 aware : 1. expr. by in.scius, insciens, 
 impri'idens, ignarus (cf. L. G. $ J4!) . 
 whom ye have i. sent to death, quem vos 
 inscii ad mortem misistis, Cic. Ph. 9, 5, 
 10 : if I have offended, I have done so >., 
 si peccavi insciens [imprudens] leci, 
 Ter. Heaut 4, 1, 18. 2. impriidenier 
 V. unawares. 3. per ignorantiam 
 Suet Cal. 41, where, however, a depend, 
 gen. scripturae is added. ||. Jn an 
 
 ignorant manner : \, indocte : to 
 
 act i., ind. lacere, Cic. Ji. D. 2, 16, 44 
 Gell. 2. iniperite: Join, imperite 
 absurdeque, Cic. Rep. 2, 1 5 : v. cnskil- 
 FULLV. 3. inscile (m a blundering^ 
 
 awkward way) : Cic. ; Liv. 4. iusci- 
 enter (in a manner displaying igno- 
 rance) : Cic. Top. 8, }}. 
 
 ignore: pwh- praetereo, 4, irr.: v 
 to pass bv, omit. 
 
 Iliad: ilias, adis,/. ; Ov.: CHc. (who 
 writes the word as Gk., malorum 'IA.id«, 
 .A.tt 8, u). 
 
 ill (adj.) : I. Evil ; milus : v. 
 
 BALI. II. Inillhealth: 1. aeger.gra, 
 grum (used both oj the body and the 
 j mind) : so exceedingly ill as to be almost 
 given over, ita graviier ae. ut medici 
 , diffidant Cic. Div. I, 25, 5J : ill with tlu 
 gout, ae. pedibus, Sail. Cat 59 ill heaUh, 
 ae. valetudo, Cic 2. aegiotus (only 
 of the body) : to visit any one when iU. 
 ad aliquem aegr. venire, Cic. Kam. 9, 14 
 
 V. SICK. 
 
 — , to be : 1. aegroto, i: to be 
 seriously, dangerously, ill, vebementer, 
 graviter, gravissime aegrotare, Cic. ; 
 mortifere aegr., Piin. 2. expr. by 
 morbus and a verb • to be seriously ill. 
 ill ofajatal //la/otij/, m. g^avi et mor- 
 tifero affectum esse, Cic. Div. i, jo, 6j; 
 morbo laborare, ib. Fin. I, 18, 59 (fig.) ; 
 mortifero m. urgeri, id. Fat 9, 17 ; in m. 
 esse, id. Tusc. }, 4, 9: v. disease (1). 
 3. expr. by valetudo and a verb ; 
 valetudine affectum esse, Caes. B. C. i, 
 ji ; V. tenlari, Cic Att 11, 23 v. 
 ILLNESS. 4. ciibo, ui, itum, i (to bt 
 confined to bed) : tu be lying ill of indi- 
 gestion, ex duritia alvi c. Suet Ner. 34, 
 fin. : Hor. 5. jaceo, ui, 2 (like pre- 
 ced. : rare and late) : Julius ^^alens « 
 seriously ill, J. Valens graviter j., Plin. 
 Ep. 5, 9, 2 : Tib. 
 
 — , to fall, be taken : in morbum, 
 
 foil, by various verbs : e. g. incidere, Cic 
 Clu. 62, 175; cadere, id. Tusc. i, }l, 
 extr.; incurrere, id. Fin. 1, 14.47; ^^' 
 labi, id. Att 7, 5, init. Phr. : he feU 
 
 ill of a complaint, which , nactus est 
 
 morbum, quem...., Nep. Att 21. he 
 was twice taken ill with epilepsy, comi- 
 tiali morbo bis correptus est, Suet Cae&. 
 45 : Tac. 
 
 — , to lie ; cubo, jaceo : v. ill, 
 to be. 
 
 ill (subs.) : malum : v. evil. Phr.: 
 to wish any one ill, alicui male velle, 
 Ter. Eun. 4, j, n : to speak ill of any 
 one, maledicere alicui, Cic. . Hor. (v. to 
 revile). 
 
 ill (adv.) : 1. male : 'tis ill with 
 me, mihi m. est Ter. Ad. I, 1, 9: cf. 
 ILL (subs.). 2. prave, sficus (other- 
 wise than is desired) ; v. bauly. 
 
 ill-advised : iuconsideiatus, Incon- 
 sultus, temfirarius: v. inconsideratk, 
 
 BECKLF.SS. 
 
 ill-affected : alienatus, aversus, etc : 
 
 V. DISAFFECTED: al^O ILL-DISPOSED. 
 
 illative: lUativus; t. particUs, i\. 
 paniciilae, IJiom. 
 
 ill-boding : infaustus, sinister, fU- 
 nestus ; V. inauspicious. 
 
 ill-bred : 1. inhumanus (deficient 
 in what belongs to a gentleman): to 
 seem i. (by reason of being absi.rbed in 
 ihoughi), in. videri, Cic. Off. I. 40, 144 
 vjho more insolent, more i., ntcrre haughty, 
 quis contumacior, quis inhumanior, qui*
 
 ILL-BREEDING 
 
 ILL-TEMPERED 
 
 ILLCSTRIODS 
 
 sBperbior ? Cic. Verr. 4, ^S, 192. Join: 
 [nihil] agrestc, niliil inliumaiium, Cic. 
 Att. 12, 46. 2. agre^tlh, e (stronger 
 than preced.) ; v. lioomsii. 3. im"'- 
 banus Cic v. impomtk. 
 
 ill-breedinK : Inliunianttas (cf. pre- 
 ced. art.) Cic. Or expr. by adj., mores 
 inbumuni, incomniodi, paruin comes: 
 cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 78, 192 v. iMroi.iTH. 
 
 ill-disposed : 1. maievoiu.s coi»p. 
 -entior, enlissiinus . t. pirsims have 
 spread reports, runiores dlstulerunt nm- 
 levoll, 'I'er. Ileuul. prol. 16 ■ foil, by 
 ij/it., Cic. Fani. 2, 17, 2. Join, malc- 
 volus, iniquus, iuviiliosus, Cic. 2. 
 
 alienus: v. unkkikxulv. 3, milignus 
 
 V. JEALOnS, II,LNATL"liKD. 4. malc 
 
 animatus . foil, by erga, SueL Vit. 7 : 
 cf. Cic. Fh.9, 5, 12. 
 
 illegal ; 1. quod contra leges fit : 
 cf. Cic. de Or j, 19, 69. (lllegitimus 
 has no authority.) 2. illiciius: il. 
 
 exactions, U. e.xacii ^nes, Tuc. .Vim. ij, 
 51. P h r. il. can vassing, ambitus, vis : 
 
 V. BRIBKRV 
 
 illegally : 1. contra leges Cic. 
 de Or. }, 19, 69. 2. i incite Dig. 
 
 P h r. : a consul il. appointed (^with tome 
 flaw in the pioceedings), vitio creatus 
 
 consul : V IKFOItMALLV. 
 
 illegibility : per''- difflcultas legend!, 
 Tisch. pret. N. T 
 
 illegible t *quod (facile, commode) 
 legi non potest (Kr ). If so through the 
 ink having faded, *(prorsus) evanidus : 
 Tisch. de Cod. Ephr. 
 
 illegibly ; *•'* "' Uterae discemi nou 
 possint ; quod nemo legere possit. 
 
 illegitimate: I. Contrary to latv: 
 V ILLEGAL. II. Tech. term in logic, 
 not according to the rules : *hau<i legiii- 
 mus, vitlosus an il. piitcess, *ratio baud 
 legitima, motlus ilisserendi s. ratiociiiandi 
 baud ad legem diulecticam accommodatus 
 (cf. Sen. Ep. 82. 19) your conclusion is 
 il., *vitiose Istud concludilur. |||. Xot 
 horn in lawful wedlock : non legitimus 
 Quint. J, 6, 10 J ; for which the Gk. term 
 nothus (voflos) was also used: cf. Quint. 
 1. c. 5 97, nolhum, qui non sit legitimus, 
 Graeci voainl I.atinuni rei nomen non 
 habemus, ideoque utimur peregrino. 
 (Spurius denotes the offspring of a free- 
 woman by an unacknowledged fattier 
 Wg. I, 5, 2J.) 
 
 illegitimately : contra legem, etc. : 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 ill-fated: 1. inlellx, ids: V. UK- 
 mcKV. 2. miser: v. unhappy. 3. 
 funestus (fraught with death and ruin) : 
 
 Cic. : V. FATAL. 
 
 ill-favoured: turpis, e; v. hglt. 
 
 ill-gotten: male partus: ill.-g gains 
 soon waste, male parta male dilabuntur, 
 prov. in Cic. Ph. 2, 27. 
 
 ill-health; vaietrido. v hxxf-ss. 
 
 illiberal : illiberalis. maligmis, sor- 
 
 dldus; V. NICGAltDLT, MEAN. 
 
 illiberally; ilhbeialiter {in a man- 
 ner unworthy of a gentleman) : Ter. - 
 Cic. 
 
 illicit : 1. illicitus il. love, il. 
 amor, fac. Ann. 12, 5- Luciiu. 2. 
 furtivus . U. love, f. amor, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 171- Ov. 3. v§iiius- Virg. Aen. 
 
 6, 62J. (Illicit sexual intercourse with- 
 out marriage, siuprum, Papln. Dig. 48, 
 5, <•>■) 
 
 illicitly: illiciie: Dig. 
 
 illimitable : infinitus : _v infinite. 
 
 illiterate: 1. iliitfiratus (Aawi'»5r 
 little krumled^e of litercUure) : cf. Sen. 
 Ben. 5, I}, 4 (the utterly il., e.\ toto 
 t. omnlno nidis. Sen. 1. c). Cic. 2. 
 riidls literaruin Cell, ij, 16, fin. : cf. 
 Sen. I. c. supr. Join: rudis et sine 
 Uteris. Plln. 18, 29, 69, ^ 284. 3. omni> 
 eruditionis [doctrinae] expers aique Ig- 
 narus. Cic. de Or. 2. '■'it. (where the 
 ref . is to special cultu it). 4. agram- 
 m&tos, on (rare) Viir. 5. i'ldoctus; 
 
 T. IGNORANT (IL, 1), DNLEARNK1>. 
 
 ill-made ; 1. informis, e {not 
 
 flaring a proper form, shapeless) : \Av. 
 2. male pet rectus s. elaboratus cf. 
 male lornatus, Hor. A P 441. fRudis 
 denotes that on which labnnr lias not 
 been bestowed ; in the rough.) 
 
 ill-matched ; 1. impar, pans 
 mop- luily, iinpar congressus (with dot.), 
 Virg. Aen. 1, 475. 2. inaequiilis, e ; 
 
 ill-m. st'-ers, juvt-iicl In., Ov. 3. J'S- 
 par, piiris: Sll.: v. CNEyLAi.. 
 
 ill-nature • 1. importunltas • ». 
 and nhurlisUiiess male-, erery lime of life 
 a burden, i. ct Inbuiiianilas oiuni aciati 
 niolesia est, Cic. Sen. j. 7. 2. ditl i- 
 cilis natura Nep. Att. 5. init. 3. 
 Mialigiiitas ; V. jealousv ^^comp. foil. 
 ant.). 
 
 ill-natured : 1. maiignus {apt to 
 K'ithhuld that which is another's due): 
 to do anything out of an ill-n. spii-it, 
 aliquid m. mente facere. Cat. 68, J7 : 
 ill-n. tavern-keepers, caupoiies m., Hor. S. 
 
 1, 5, 4 (v. Orell. ad I.); v jealocs; 
 NIGGARDLY. 2. maifivfllus {animated 
 by ill-will) : Ter ; Cic. • v. ill-di.spo.seu. 
 
 3. (?) illiberiilis, e {unbecoming a 
 free-man or gentleman) ; cf. Cic. Jam. 
 
 i;. \,fi.n.: Per. Ad. ;, 4. j. 
 
 ill-naturedly: 1. maligne (for 
 syn. V. ailj.) to say anythirig i., aliquid 
 m. dicere. Plln. Kp i, 5, 12 to speak ca- 
 lumnioasly and i., maledice ac m. dicere, 
 Liv. 45, J9, ad fin. 2. malevolo 
 
 anlmo : v. ill-natured. 
 
 illness : 1. nmrbus {the complaiid 
 itself, whereas the toll. synn. denote the 
 state of Itealth) . v. dise.vsk. 2. viile- 
 tudo to avail oneself of the excuse of i., 
 valetudinis e.xcusatione uti. Cic. in Pis. 
 6, u : long and obstinate i., longa et 
 pervlcax v., Plln. Ep. i, 22, I ; more 
 fully, gravitas valetudinis, Cic. Fam. 6, 
 
 2, init. (N.H. — Valetudo is a vox media, 
 and must be used with caution: v. 
 health.) 3. invaletiiito (extr. rare) : 
 Cic. Att. 7, 2, 2. 4. aegrotatio : as i. 
 in the body, so is grief in the mind, ut 
 aeg. in cor|X)re, sic aegritndo in aniino, 
 Cic. Tusc. J, 10, 22. 
 
 illogical ." quod contra legem dia- 
 lecticam est; cl. Sen. Ep. 82, 19. Phr. • 
 to make i. statements, repugnantia, con- 
 traria, parum consentanea dicere • v. 
 
 OONTRADICTORY : LOGICAL. 
 
 illogically ; contra legem dialecti- 
 cam, minime ex lege dialectica v. pre- 
 ced. art ; and logically. 
 
 ill-omened : 1. dirus (appy. the 
 proper augural term) . viscera without a 
 "head," most i. of all, exta sine capite, 
 quibus nihil videtur esse dirius, Cic. Div. 
 2, \s,Jin.: cf. xii. tab. in Cic. I^eg. 2, 8, 
 fin., quaeque augur injusta, nefasta, viti- 
 osa, dira detixerit : i. bii-ds. d. aves, 
 I'lin. 18, I, I: Virg. 2- infaustus 
 
 (chiefly poet.) Allia, i. name, AUia 
 nomen inf., Virg. Aen. 7, 717: Ov. . 
 more fully intaustus omine, lac. H. i, 
 6- v, INAUSPICIOUS. 3. obscaeiius 
 
 (chieflv poet.) • i. birds {owls), obs. volu- 
 cres, Virg. Aen. 12, 876: an i. jx/rtent, 
 obs. ostcntiim, Suet. Gal. 4 : more fully, 
 obscaeiii ominis ■ Fest. s. v. Allieiisis. 
 
 4. infelix, icis (pcet.) : i. portent, 
 monstrum inf., Virg. Aen. 2, 245. 5. 
 tristis, e ; nwst i. viscera, exta tristis- 
 sima, Cic. Div. 2, i;, fin. : Virg. 6. 
 mali «. obscaeni ominis- v. omen. 7. 
 inauspiratiis : v. inauspicious. 
 
 iU-temper • 1. Iriicuiidia, a habit 
 of mind, whereas ira denotes simply a 
 state : Cic. Tusc. 4. 12 cl. Sen. Ir. i, 4: 
 v. ANGER. 2, acerbitivs {sourness of 
 disposition) : to vent upon any one the 
 venom of i., apud aliqut-m evomere virus 
 a. suae, Cic. Am. 2J, 87 : v. bitterne.ss. 
 
 3. stSmachus {irritability, jifevish- 
 ness) ; a letter full of i. and fretful- 
 ness, plena s. et querelarum cplstola, 
 C^c. Q. Fr. J, 8. init. : to do anything 
 through vexation and i., bile ct s. ali- 
 quid facere. Suet. Tib. 59, extr. 4. 
 amiiritiido : Quint. 10, i, 117. cf. foil, 
 art. 5. morosltas: v. moroseness. 
 
 6. cerebrum {ii-ritaMUty) : Hor. S. 
 I, 9, II. 
 
 ill-tempered: 1. iracnndus. v. 
 PA.ssioNATK. 2. iman>> {bitter, sour) : 
 oldage makes me more i., ;uiiariorem 
 me senectus facit, Cic, Att. 14, 21 • 
 Ter. 3. acerlius {sour, cralAied): cf. 
 Cic N. I), i, ;i, 77 : V. touR. 4. 
 stumacbQsus • Cic. : Hor. v. peevish. 
 
 5. difflcllis, e {hard to pUast) : a 
 
 1. old-nuin. d. s<-iiex, I'er. Heaui. }. 2, 24 
 also, diOicili natura [h-mo], Nep. Atl 
 5, init. Join morosus el iraciSidu 
 et difficilis, Cic. Sen. 18,65. g. mo 
 
 rOSUS v. MOKOSK. 
 
 ill-temperedly : stomichosc ; aii» 
 stomacliaiis, sluiiiacbabuiidus v. peb 
 
 VISHLV. 
 
 ill-trained: perh. riidib, imperiius 
 v. inexperienced. 
 
 illume / 1. coUustro, i (rare) 
 
 illumine 1 ''<« sun, illuminating t/u. 
 world with his light, sol omnia luce col- 
 lustrans, Cic. N. D. 2, j6, 92. 2. iHus 
 tro, I (also rare in lit. sense) uheie the 
 sun i.s the hcUAtable rtalms, uhi sol 
 babitabiles il. 01 as, Hor. Ud. 4, 14, 5. 
 Join: [luce] illuslrare {al. coll-) el 
 complere, Cic.Kep. r), 17. 3, lustre, i 
 (poet.) Virg. 4, iliunilno, 1 (rare); 
 Plin. For fig. sense, v. to enlighten. 
 
 illuminate: I. To nil uiUi light : 
 
 V preced. art. ||. To udom n-ith 
 lights, files, etc : fe.'<iis luuiinibu.<^, lych- 
 nis, taedis, ignibus ornu, decoro, etc.: 
 
 V. TO ADORN 
 
 illuminated {part, adj.): •colori- 
 bus ac picturis distiuctus s. oniaius 
 
 (liber). 
 
 illumination : I. 'The act of aiu- 
 minating: expr. by verb: v. to illu- 
 minate. II. A show of festal lights, 
 etc. : *l'esti lychni, ignes, etc. . v. fe.s- 
 TIVE. Ill The practice of decorating 
 J/.S'.>?. ; "ars libros coloribus pleturlsqne 
 distingueiidi s. ornandi. |V, Fig.: 
 
 V. ENLIGHTENMENT (II.). 
 
 illusion: 1. error {any kind of 
 false impression) : Cic. Ov. : v. error. 
 2. soninium (strictly, o dream .- 
 hence, anything unreal): the i.s of a 
 sick man, aegri soninia, Hor. A. P. 7 : 
 cf. Lucr. I, 105, fingere possum somnia 
 quae vitae rationes vertere possint. 3. 
 spgcies. ei (esp. of ap^iearances m 
 dreams): cf. Lucr. i, 126. More fully, 
 vana sp., cf. Hor. A. P. 7. 4, expr. 
 by adjj., vanus, non venis ■ deceived by 
 i.s, corruptus vanis rerum, Hor. S. 2, 2, 
 25 : {popularity) is an empty i., tumida 
 res est (et) vana, Sen. Kp. 84, 11 . v. 
 
 illusory, UNSUBSTANTIAL. 
 
 illusive ^ 1. vanus . V. VAra ; 
 
 illusory ) and preced. art. extr. 2. 
 non veruK : a brief and i. pleasure, 
 brevis et non v. voluptas, Ov. Pont, i, 
 
 2, 5? : V. UNSUBSTANTIAl. Phr.. ttie 
 hope proved i., spes fnistra fuit. Sail. (fr.). 
 
 illustrate: Ulustro, i {to shed light 
 upon a subject): lo explain and i. an 
 obscure and unknou-n point of law, jus 
 obscurum aique ignolam patelacere el 
 il., Cic. Sep also to explain. Plir. : 
 to i. a subject by instances, exempUk 
 aliciyus rei proferre, adducere, sup- 
 ponere : cf. Cic. in v. 2, $i,fin. 
 
 illustration : I, T/'w act of illus- 
 trating ; expr. by verb v. preced. art, 
 II, ,4)1 example for illustration: 
 e.xoiiiplum ; Cic. Inv. 2, ^i,fin. 
 
 illustrative : aJ rem "illustrandam 
 .«. ajx-rtioren) reddendam idoneus, aptus: 
 
 V preced. art. 
 
 illustrious : 1. clarus {famaut 
 or distinouished in any way): i by 
 descent and achiei-ements, c. genere el 
 factis, Liv. : 1. professors, c. prolessores. 
 Suet. : a most i. victory, victoria clarls- 
 siina, Cic. Join; [viri] clarl et hono- 
 rati, Cic Sen. 7, 22: ampli-simus et 
 clarissimus, id. de Or. i, 45, 198. 2. 
 illustris, e {brought prominently for- 
 ward, enjoying distinctiim) : the name 
 (if Themistixles is more 1. (Iieiter known) 
 than that of Solon, Theniis-oriis nomen 
 quara Solonis illustrlns. Cic. Oil. i, 22, 75. 
 (.\t a late period, illustris was an hono- 
 rary title of sena'ors ol' Oie highest rank 
 but in the b'St ages, the snnators were 
 all styled clarissimi. - l-orc.) 3. in- 
 clitus, also, -)-tus, -iltus (poet.l. Virg. 
 
 V RENOWN KU. 4. cf liber, i'ris. bre: 
 
 V FAMOUS, celehrated. 5. splen- 
 didus {highly distinguished : esp. of one 
 who belonging t» a less eminent class, 
 rhjnys distinction beyond the rest) : 
 Maeccas. behmging to an •questrian 
 
 J89
 
 ILLUSTRIOOS, TO Bi; 
 
 IMBIBE 
 
 IMITATE 
 
 but yet i. family, M. equestn sed sp 
 jenere natus, Veil. 2, 88 . cf. Cic. Kin. 
 *, 18. 58, C. rioiius, eques Ronianus 
 ;plcndidus. 
 illustrious, to be • 1. clareo, 
 
 Qi, 2 (raie and pnet.) Knn. in Cic. Sen. 
 4 Claud. 2- erdteo, emineo, 2 : v. 
 
 DI&TfNGUISHED (TO UK). 
 
 , to become: 1. claresco, 
 
 ui. J (rare) , lac. (i. 14 Claud. 2. 
 nolesco, ui, } (to 'jeconie i- ell-l'-no" it or 
 nuti/rioas') : Prop. Also cunips., eiio- 
 tesco, Suet. : innotesco, Ov. 
 
 — , to make: 1. iiiustro, i 
 (somewhat rare in this sense) ; >ercius 
 <!alna of consular rank remiered the 
 family j., laniiliam illustravii Ser. Galba 
 consularis, Suet, j cf. C'ic. Arch. 9, 21, 
 qui libri etiam P. K. nomen illustraiil 
 (s/ied distinctiim upon it). 2. claro, 
 I (poet.) : him no Isthmian toil tlialt 
 render i., \l\um mm labor Isthmius cla- 
 rabit, Hor. Od 4. ;, 4. 3. noblllto, 
 I (to render n ell-known, shed distinc- 
 tion upmt): by that statue he rendered 
 Cnidus i., illu sigiio Ciiidum nobiliiavii, 
 Plin. (Or expr by circuml. : he ivas 
 the first to render his family i., by 
 attaining to the consulate. *prinius fami- 
 liatn suana nobiletn reddidit, consularem 
 dignitatem adeptus.) 
 
 illustriously ; perh. dare (v rare) • 
 cf. Nep. Att. I, ';larius exsplendescebat. 
 
 image (,subs.) : |. The likeness of 
 something ■ 1. effigies, ei an i. of a 
 bacchante in stone, saxea ef. bacchantis. 
 Cat. F i g. : (o son) the i. of his (father's) 
 refinement and integrity, ef. et bumani- 
 tatis et probitatis, Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 58- 
 V. LIKENESS. 2. simuliicruni (esp. a 
 figure of a deity) : v. infr 3. imago, 
 mis, /. (esp. o portrait or bust of any 
 one) : !■ i g. . a faint (shadon'y) i. of 
 glory, adumbrata gloriae i., Cic. Tusc. 
 J, 2, J . often used of images which 
 present themselves to the mind : v, 
 IDEA (11., 4). II, A figure of a deity : 
 1. sinmlacrum i.s of monstrous 
 size, s. immani masnitudine, Caes. B. (j. 
 6, i6: the most sacred is of the gods, 
 deorum s. sanctissima, Cic. Div Verr. 
 I, }• Tac. 2. idolum or -on, i (not 
 class.) ; Tert. ■ Vulg. v. idol. (N.B — 
 Not imago in this sense, though Suet, 
 has dimin. iniaguncula, for a small 
 image : efiBgies reters to the likeness 
 conveyed rather than to the figure itself: 
 cf. Tac. H. 2, J, Jin., simulacrum Deae 
 non effigie humana, nut in the likeness 
 of a human being.) .Sometimes the 
 name of the deity may be put for ihe 
 image ; cf Ov. Fast, i, 201, .Jupiter 
 totus, a full-sized image of Jupiter 
 
 III, An apjiea.ance presenting itself 
 tothemind species, imago v. idea (11.). 
 
 IV. -^ lively presentation of any- 
 thing in fgure : \, inia go ■ th is i, is 
 not so very wide of you, liaec a te non 
 multum abludit i., Hor. S. 2, }, J20. cf. 
 Sen. Kp. 59, 5. 2. perh. species, ei . 
 cf. Hor. A. P. 8. 
 
 image-breaker ; v. iconoclast. 
 
 image-worship : v. idolatry 
 
 imagery : expr by imago, species 
 what charming i. is his. *quam virmstae 
 in eo imagines s. species rerum - v. 
 IMAGK (I\'.). 
 
 imaginable: quod animo fingi, con- 
 cipi potest V TO imagine. 
 
 imaginary : 1. commenticins, 
 
 -tius (the product of the imoyinatiim) .- 
 in I Uito's i. commonnealth, in ilia c. 
 Platonis civitate, Cic. de Or i, 5?, fn. : 
 i. stories ^^ fictions), c. fabulae, Cic. N. D. 
 3, 24. fn. Join: comrienticius et 
 fictus, C'c. 2. Imaginarius (unreal, 
 ©pp. to what is bond fide): i.fas'-es, i. 
 fasces, Liv. ;, 41, init.- an i. sale, i. 
 venditio, Paul. I)ig. 18, i, 55. 3. fictus, 
 
 falsUS; V FICTITIOUS, FALSE. 
 
 imagination : I. The faculty • 
 1. nearest word, cogitatio (with 
 something in the context to define the 
 kind of mental operation: v Nagels. 
 Stil. p. 29) : form in your i, a picture of 
 this my condition, tiiigite ci'gilatione 
 imaginen; liujus conditionis mcae, Cic. 
 MiL 29. "79 • to form an idea of any- 
 39^ 
 
 thing by tlie i., cogitatione aliquid de- 
 pingere, Cic. N. D. t, 1;, 59 let that 
 nii'n rise for a moment before your i., 
 exsistat ille vir parumper c. vestra ^quo- 
 iiiam re non potest]. Cic. Bal. 20, 47 
 Quint. 2. *phaiitasia (witlioiit class. 
 authority, but needed as special term) : 
 fiie of i, phantasiae incit-itiu et caloi, 
 Kiclist. in Kr. to be carried an ay by 
 one's i., phantiisiae vi abripi, id. .Sunje- 
 tiraes the pi. may serve he charms us 
 by his I lay ol i., *venustissimis suis 
 phanlasiis delectat nos (in tliis sense, 
 the word is nearer its class, use ; v 
 Lat. I lict. s. v.). P b r. : to be so devoid 
 of i., tani procul a concipiemlis imagini- 
 bus rerum abe.sse, tjuiiit. 8, ?, 65 the 
 whole scene is presented to the i., tiita 
 rerum imago e.xpiimitur et oculis men- 
 tis ostenditur, cf (^iiint. 8, ?, 6?. (N. H. — 
 Not imagiiiatio, which is used in very 
 diif. sense • v. Lat. Diet. s. v ) ||. 
 That which is conceived: imago: v. 
 supr. Jin. See also idea (U.), con- 
 ception. 
 
 imaginative : expr. by imago, phan- 
 tasi.i. i. /^ocer, ea vis animi qua conci- 
 piuntur rerum imagines, cf. t^uint. 8, J, 
 65 an i. walk, *liber pbantasiis, ve- 
 nustis rerum imaginibus refertus. 
 
 imagine • \. To conceive imagi- 
 natively : 1, tingo, nxi, ctum, j (to 
 shape or fashion : usu. with animo or 
 cogitatione) do but i., for our thoughts 
 
 are free do but i. my condition, 
 
 fingite animis, liberae sunt enim cogi- 
 taiioiies nostrae .... fingite cogitatione 
 iniaginem conditionis meae, Cic. Jlil. 29, 
 -9 ■ also absol., esp. poet. : i. you see 
 my tears, lacrimas fiiige videre meas, 
 Ov. Her. 4, extr. : 'I'ib. 2, 6, 51. 2. 
 concipio, cepi, ceptum, j (with animo, 
 mente): such a noise as cannot be i.d, 
 fragor qui concipi humana mente non 
 pos.-it, Plin. }}, 4, 21 5 7J; with rel. 
 clause you may i. hov I am vearied 
 out, concipere animo potes quam siraus 
 fatigati, Plin. Ep. }, 9, 24 : v. to con- 
 ceive; and cf. IMAGINATION. 3. ima- 
 ginor, I (to pii:ture to oneself: not in 
 the best authors) to i. andj'orm a <:on- 
 ception of the (truly) eloquent man, elo- 
 quentem i. ac fingere, Quint. 12, 1, 21 
 Plin. : also foil, by rel. clause, / i. the 
 applause which awaits you, imaginor 
 qui clamor te maneut. Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 7. 
 II To invent, devise : commiiiiscor, 
 nientus, ; (usu. in bad sense) Epicurus 
 i.d an idle race of gods, Epicums l»eos 
 nihil agentes comnientus esr, Cic. N. 1). 
 2, 2!, 59. Ill, Colloq. to </ii«fc: puto, 
 epincir : v. To THINK. 
 
 imbecile (adj.) .- |. Weak (of the 
 mind): imbeiillus, less freq imbecillis, 
 e the superstition, of an i. and doting 
 jiiijiti, superstitio imbecilli animi atque 
 anilis, Cic. Uiv 2, 60, 125- v feeble. 
 II, Idiotic: ITituus: v. idiot. 
 
 imbecile (suhs.) .- fatnus v. idiot. 
 
 Imbecility ; inibecilUtas animi Caes. 
 B. G "7, 77 med. (but the phr. is scarcely 
 so strong as the Eng. • cf Plin. Ep. 4, 
 18, accidit hoc imbecillitate ingenii mei). 
 V. feebleness, weakness. 
 
 imbibe ; |. L i t. . to drink in, ab- 
 sorb : 1. combilio, i, J . to i. salt (of 
 olives sprinkled with it), salem c, Col. 
 12, 47, fin.' to i. pmismi thioughout the 
 frame, toto corpora c. veneimm, Hor. 
 Od. I, ?7. 28. 2. imbibo, i, i (rare) 
 V. TO inhale. 3. bibo, i, itum, 3 
 (poet, and late) to i. smoke (of wine in 
 jars), fiunum b.. Hor. Od. !, 8. 11 toi. 
 a colour (in d.velng), colorem b., Plin. 8, 
 48, 7 ?. 4. expr by pass, of imbuo, 
 i. utum, 5 (to steep) : the arirma which 
 it [^the nine-jar'] has once id, quo semel 
 est imbuta (odore), Hor. Ep. i. 2. 69 
 Ov. See also TO DRINK in, ||, Fig. 
 to receive into the m,ind ; 1. expr by 
 imbuo, J (as pass, rejl., also with pnm. 
 refl.: implying that ihe mind is deeply 
 tinctured or pervaded by something) ; 
 to i. various errors, variis erroribus im- 
 bui, Cic. Tusc. j. 1, 2 tastes n hich one 
 has i.d from early youth, quibus siudiis 
 aliquis se ab ineunte aetate imbuerit, 
 Cic. Deiot. 10, 28 : v. to imbue. 2. 
 
 imbibo, j (to give admission to the 
 mind : to i. (foi-m) a bad opinion of 
 an}, one, de aliquo malam opinioneiD 
 animo i., Cic. Verr. Act. i, 14 Jin. 3. 
 combilio, } (stronger than imiiibo) to 
 i. UI early years, dum quis tenei- est, c, 
 Cic. hill. J, 2,fn. 4. sugo, xi, ctum, 
 J (to swsk in, a.« milk) cl. Cic. ^u^c. j, 
 
 1, 2. ut paene cum lacte nutricis erroreni 
 suxisse videanmr. 5. e.spr by inficio, 
 teci, lec urn, j (lit. to dye: hence like 
 imbuo, V. snpi .) : to i. et roueous opinions, 
 opiriionum pravitate inhci, Cic. Tusc. j, 
 
 2, f cf. id. Fin j, 2, Jin., puiT jam 
 infici iis artibus, quas si, dum tener est, 
 conibiberit, etc. 
 
 imbitter, etc. v. embitter, etc. 
 
 imbrue : 1. imbuo, 1, iitum, j (to 
 steep: most freq. in p. pai t. pass.) to i. 
 one's snord in crime, gladium scelere 
 (=caede) i., Cic. Phil. 5, 7, 20- this 
 year the hands oj' soldieis neve Jirst i.d 
 in the blood of a consul, hue prrmum 
 anno sanguine consulis niilitis imbutae 
 manus sunt, Veil. 2, 20 Cic. : Liv. 
 2, cruento, i (to stain with blood) : 
 to i. one's hands in blood, se caede 
 fnefaria] cr., Cic. frag.; manus (suas) 
 sanguine cr., Nep. Ep.fin. 3. mad6- 
 facio, feci, factum, i (stronger than 
 preced. ; to soak : cf Cic. Ph. 14, j, init., 
 imbuti .-anguine gladii, vel potius made- 
 fact i) : V. TO SOAK Phr. i.d in 
 blood, cruentus (sanguine), cruematus 
 (y BLOOD-STAINED) , rtspersus sanguine, 
 Cic. R. Am. 24, Jin. ; madens caede, 
 Juv. 4, 154; inlectus sanguine. Prop. 
 
 imbue • I. Jo dip. steep v. pre- 
 ced. art. II. To tincture deeply : \, 
 imbuo, i, iitum, } to become i.d rvith 
 the foulest passions, turpissimis imbul 
 cupiditatibus, Nep. Dion. 4 to i. a ten- 
 der mind with (certain) opinions, ani- 
 mum tenerum opiiiionibus i., Cic. Att. 
 14, I J, B: V TO imbibe (II.). 2. 
 
 Inlicio, feci, fectum, j (in this sense, 
 prob. only in pass.) .- to be i.d with (cer- 
 tain) principles, artibus infici, Cic. Fin. 
 i, 2, fin. 
 
 imbued (.part. adj.) : \, imbutus : 
 V. preced. art. 2. tinctus ■ i. with a 
 knowledge of literatuie, t. literis, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 20, 85 uitticisms i. with Attic 
 grace, lepore t. Atlico sales. Mart. }, 20, 
 9 Quint. To be i. with, niaileo, 2 he 
 is i It ith the Soa'atic dialogues (i. e. 
 philo.^ophy), Socraticis niadei sermonl- 
 bu.s, Hor. Od. }, 21, 9. 
 
 imitable ' imitaWlis, e Viig. ; qui 
 (quae quod) imitando exprimi potest : 
 V. loll. art. 
 
 imitate ; 1. in-.itor, i (most gen. 
 term) to i. antir^uitii, .mtiquiiatem i., 
 Cic tee should i. the practice of phy' 
 «»cians, consuetudo imitanda (est) medd- 
 Cfirum, Cic. Join, iinitari et sequi, 
 Plin. Ep. 7, ^o, fin. .■ imitari atque ex- 
 priniere, Cic. Or. 5, 19. 2, effingo, 
 nxi, ctum, J (to reproduce as from a 
 model) : he seems to me to have i.d (suo 
 cessjully) the energy of Demosthenes, the 
 pleasantness of Isocrates, videtur eflHnx- 
 isse vim Demosthenis, jucimditatem 
 Isocraiis, Quint. 10, i, 108 more lully, 
 ef. iraitan<lo, Cic. de Or 2, 22, 90: 
 Quint. 3. exprlmo, pressi, ssum, j 
 (like preced.) Hor A P J2 cf. (jic. 
 de Or. 2, 22, 90 V TO kepkesent 4. 
 simulo, I (poet.) he had i.d the light- 
 ning of Jure, fulmen Jovis simularat, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 591 cf Sil. 15, 4x0, quod 
 acus simulavit (imitated in emuroidery) 
 in ostro. 5 aemiilor, i (strictly, to 
 strife to equal or excel, but in latei 
 writers also, to imitate.) .- cf. Tac A. 6, 
 29, l..abeo per abruptas venas sangu.nem 
 effudit, aemulataque est conjux 6, 
 
 sgquor, cutus, j (to folloic in the steps 
 of) : to learn from the expenen- ed, to i 
 the best, discere a peritis, s. optimos 
 Tac. Agr 4 Hor. cf supr (I). 7. 
 prosequor, j esp. wiih imitor : cf 
 Cic. Br. i6, IJ7 prosequebatur atque 
 imitabatur antiquitatem. 8. consector 
 I (to aim. at JoUowing) esp. with imi 
 tando cf. Cic. de Or 2, 22, 90, insignii 
 ac paene vitiosa consectantur imitando: 
 GeU. See also to follow. PUr. U
 
 IMITATION 
 
 IMMERGE, IMMERSE 
 
 IMMORAL 
 
 devote oneself altogether to i.ing the 
 Greeks, &e totuiii ad iiiiitatioiii-ni (iraeco- 
 rum conferrc, yuiiit. lo. i, io8 to i. 
 anil m\e's t-xample, ahcujus vestigiis in- 
 gredi, Cic. Ktp. 6, 24. 
 
 imitation : I. 'J'ln ant of imi- 
 
 tatiiig : 1, iniilatio ; Cic. : Quint. : 
 groceUing i., servilis (fhiiniills) i., Ern. 
 in Kr. (Or expr. by ger. : v. preced. 
 art.) 2. aemulalio: v. kmulaiion. 
 II, Tilt; tiling prodace-l: effigies, 
 imagd : V i.iKKNKtss. ima(;k. 
 
 imitative : ad imitandum aptus, 
 habilis; v. to imit.^te. Plir. : jjaitit- 
 ing is an i. art, *pictura in eo ver^atur 
 Dt res iuiitando etlingal atque e.xpriniat. 
 
 imitator: 1. imiiator. ./. -trix : 
 
 ye i.s, servile herd, () iniit.aorts, servuni 
 pecus ! Hor. Kp. i, ly, 19: C'ic. ; Ov. 
 (Also e.xpr. by imjierf. part, nf iniiior: 
 V. L. G. ^ 658.) 2". sumilalDr (rare) . 
 Claud. 3. aemulator, aeniulus : Cato 
 and his iiiiilaU/r Srrvilins, Calo tt ejus 
 aemulator Servilius, Cie. All. 2. i, 8. 
 Join: aeniulus atque iuiiUitor, id. Mar. 
 1,2 V. RIVAL, riir. : to br a difvuttd 
 i. of an;/ one, se totuiii ad aticujus tnii- 
 taticiiiem coiifirre: to be the despair of 
 i.s, iniitandi speni auferre, Cic. : v. to 
 
 ISIITATi:. 
 
 immaculate : sanctus (sanctissi- 
 mus), casius. incorruptus, inigger: v. 
 UNKi.K>irsHKD. 1' lir : the i. conception, 
 *imtiiaculara coiiceptio. 
 
 im i.aculately : sancte, sine labe, 
 casie : V. n REi.v. 
 
 immaneiice : expr. by verb: theii 
 belieie in the i. of deity in nature. 
 *deum inta> Icita rerum naiuni qu^si 
 inlu>uin niisieii cre<lunt: cf. Virg. Aeii. 
 6, 726. 
 
 immanent: quod intus in aliqua re 
 mat!' t. liMbitat. 
 
 immaterial: I. J^'"t cmisisting 
 
 of mallei : 1, expr. by corpus, 6ns, 
 n., and some word denoting ^iuuu'OTj : 
 expers corpori,-;, Cic. Ac. i, ii, [9: cf. 
 Lucr. I. 4?i. nihil est....ab oniiii cor- 
 pore sejuncium. secretimiqTie ab inani : 
 t'lato maintains that the coiie is i., 
 Plato non esse voceni corpus putat, Gell. 
 5. 15- 2. iiicorpOieus: vhether the 
 
 voice be vui/erial <ir i., corpusiie sit vox 
 an incorporeum. Gell. 5,15: M.icr. (in 
 Cic. Kin. }, 14. 45, incorporearum is f. 1. 
 for in corpore siuiriiin). 3. incur- 
 
 poralis, e: Quint. 5 10, 116: Sen. 
 Phr. . i. objei ts, qu&e sensum effugiunt. 
 Sen. (Q.). II, I'nimportant : nuUo 
 
 memento v. c.mmfortant. 
 immateriality : Incorporaiitas (v. 
 
 rare) : Macr. (Better expr. by lirciiml. : 
 they deny the i. if the soul, naturam 
 animi corporis expertem [iucorpoi eani] 
 esse negant : v immaterial.) 
 
 immature : 1. immaturus : Hor. : 
 
 Ulp. : more mu. := premature, q. v. 
 
 2. crudus : an i. girl, c. puella, 
 
 Mart. 8, 64. 11 : Hor.: cf. Tac. Ann. i, 
 
 8, crudum adhuc servitiuni. 
 
 immaturity : immaturltas : e. g. 
 sponsariiin, Suet. 
 
 immeasurable ; immensns : J o i n .• 
 immensus et intinitus, Cic. N. D. i, 11, 
 26. Or expr. by metior: i. distance, 
 distantia quam nulla spatii circumscrip- 
 tio nietiri possit: cf. Cic. N. U, 1,9, 21. 
 See also im inite. 
 
 immeasurably : *ultra quam quis 
 metiri pussit. In less exact sense, longe 
 longe^iue may sometimes serve : cf. Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 21, 68, longe longeque pluri- 
 mum : also with compar., Ov. M. 4, }25 : 
 
 V. FAR. 
 
 immediate: \. Proximate; raith- 
 out anything intervening: proximus : 
 an i. neighbour, pr. vicinus, Cic. Att. 2, 
 14: the i. cause, causa pr. [et coiiti- 
 nens], Cic. Fat. 19,44. Pbr. : he jire- 
 cended to have had i. communications 
 with the gods, *|>rofessus est se cum 
 ipsis diis coram colloquia habuisse. ||, 
 U'ithout delay : 1, praesens, ntis • i. 
 punishment, p. poena, Cic. Div. 2, 59, 
 122 : Prop. . Tac 2. expr. by adv. : 
 V. foil. art. ; and instant. 
 
 immediately: I. Proximately: 
 
 pr6pe, proxiuie: v. nearly. ||. At 
 
 once: 1. st^tim (directly, vilhout 
 
 delay): Caes. : Cic: sometimes foil, by 
 ut, ac, etc. ; I. after I had read your 
 letter, s. ut tuas lileras legerain, Cic. 
 Att. 2, 12. fin. : statin). .. .simulac, ib. 
 I), 12: i.' after daybreak, .-.latim a 
 prima luce. Col. 11, i, med. : i. on 
 uakiiig, s. a somiio, I'ac li. 22. 2. 
 
 coiifestim (xwith all speed : usu. with 
 verbs of motion) : Caes. : Cic : v. srEED. 
 3. protiiius : V. fori iiwiTii. 4. 
 continuo {without any time interven- 
 ing): V. IN.STANTANKOCSLY. 5. ac 
 tutum: Ter. Cic: v. instantly. 6. 
 e vestigio (lit. on the spot : Ger. stehendes 
 FusS's) : / (. set outjor tin sjiot, ut day- 
 break, e vestigio en sum piofeitus prima 
 luce, Sulpic. in Cic Ham. 4. 12: Caes. 
 (ill Cic l)iv. Virr. !■;. 57, tlie reading is 
 (loubiful). .Join: sUitiin et e vestigio, 
 Flor. See alsu loll. art. 
 
 immediately alter : 1. ex (e) : 
 csp. with some other words (ef. prectd. 
 art. 11., 1) (. after the expiry of his 
 consulate, Cotta set oitljor <,««?, Cotta 
 ex consulatu est piofecius in (jalliam, 
 Cic Ur. 92, Jl8: cf. id. Manil. i;, 44, 
 taiita repente vilitas annonae ex summa 
 inopia consecutaest. 2. rCcens (.adj.), 
 loll, by ab an ass-colt i. after birth, 
 puUus asininus r. a partu, Varr. R. ' . 
 2 8. inil.: Cic So a<lv. phr.. in lecenti 
 (i. after a thing has taken phue). Mo- 
 dest. Dig. 48, 19, 25. 3. stiilini ab, 
 ex, etc : V. preced. art. (H., I). 4. P'"- 
 tinus ab(a): I'lin. 5. subinde (c/ose 
 upon, shortly after) : Liv. : i'ac. See 
 also NKNT (adv.). 
 
 immemorial : Phr.: from time i., 
 ex oniiii iiicinoiia aetiitum, Cic. de Or. 
 I, 4 16: so, post lioniinuni memoiiaiu 
 (with in the memory "f man: esp. in 
 negative sentences), Cle. V'en. }, l-j, 44; 
 (in) oiiini mcinoiia, id. Vat. 14, !J: it 
 is an i. usage, consuetudo ab antiquis 
 temporibu- inveteravit, cf Cic. Off. 2, 
 i6, 57; Inveteravit ex omni memoria, 
 ut.. : or simply, vetus est consuetudo 
 usurpata, cf. Plin. Kp. 10, 115 (116). 
 
 immense: 1. ingens, mis (nceerf- 
 ingly great) : cf. Cic. Am. 26, 98, satis 
 erat respondere magtuis ; ingeiiles diclt; 
 Per. Join: ingens immeiisusque; in- 
 gens immaiiisque, Cic 2. immensus 
 (stri. tly, unmeasured or immeasurable) : 
 an i. Height of silver and gold, i. ar- 
 genti pondu.s atque auri. Cic Kep. 1, 17 
 (l)iit in Cic u&a.^ boundless, immea- 
 surable) : i. harvests, i. messes, Viig. G. 
 I, 49. Adv. phr., in immensum, to an 
 i. extent or height. Sail. Jug. 92, med.: 
 Virg.: Liv. 3. impen.sus (esp. of 
 
 price) : to pay an i. price for anything, 
 aliquid i. pretio parare, Caes. B. G. 4, 2 : 
 Liv. (Not so in Cic: impeiiso pretio, 
 Att. 14, I J = non p<^nso.) 4. imma- 
 
 nis, e : v. huge, monstrous, (cf. su}rr. 1.) 
 5. eiiormis, e {unduly large, out of 
 projKtrtion) : v. ENiiRMOus. 6. inti- 
 
 nitus (strictly without any bounds; but 
 oft. used in lax sense) : a cavirn of i. 
 depth, spelunca inf. altitudine, Cic v. 
 rxFiNiTE. 7. incredibilis: v. incre- 
 dible. Phr.: an i. sum of money, 
 maxima pecunia, Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 269 ; 
 innumerabilis pecunia, id. Agr. 2, 15. J J. 
 
 immensely : 1. ■" immensum (of 
 
 increase, gronth. etr.) : v. immense (2). 
 2. iiicredibilUer (coUoq.) • with 
 ivhieh I am i. delighted, quibus inc. de- 
 lector, Cic. Sen. i;, init. 3. sane 
 quam, perquam (coUoq.) : v. exceed- 
 ingly. 4. niniis (prae-class.) : / 
 should i. like, n. vellem, PI. Most. I, J, 
 109 5. ^'6'iS"'<'nt<'r ; v. exceedingly. 
 Phr.: lam i. glad, immortaliter gau- 
 deo, Cic. (^ Kr. }, 1, 3- 
 
 immensity : I. I'nlimited exten- 
 sion : 1. immensltas: Cic. N. I), i. 
 20, 54. 2. vastttas the i. of heaven, 
 V. coeli, Plin." 3. *ii'geiis immensaque 
 magnitudo; v. immi-nse (!)■ II. -^W 
 
 space: expr. by neut. of immensus: he 
 tiaveised all >., omne peragravit i., Luer. 
 1,7;: thiouyh i., per immensum, Ov. M. 
 4,621. 
 
 immerge J mergo, immergo, si, sum, 
 immerse i }'■ v. to plunge, dip in. 
 
 Phr.: i.d in tfutinest, totus in negotils, 
 cf. Hor. .S. I, 9, 2 ; negotiis disiciitus, ct 
 Cic H. Am. 10, 22. 
 
 immersion : immersio : Am. (Or 
 expr. by ger. : v. to immersf..) 
 
 inmesh : impiico, impMio : v. TO 
 
 ENTaNcLK. 
 
 immigrant: advena(a new-comer). 
 Cii . (Jr expr. by verb: v. foil. art. 
 
 immigrate : immigro, i : CV. (not 
 In exactly the modem sense) : v. to be- 
 WON H (intr.). 
 
 immigration : expr. by verb : v. 
 
 preced. art. 
 
 imminence : expr. by adj. or verb : 
 
 V. foil. art. 
 
 imminent: praesens (not quiie so 
 in Cit.) : to threaten i. death, p. mortem 
 inientare, Virg. Aen. 1,91 : nv'tt i Unti- 
 gers, praeseniissima pericula, v,uiiii. 10, 
 7, I. Phr.: tliere is i. danger, maxinio 
 in peril ulo res est, summum est peri- 
 culum, Cic piissim. To be 1.: (1). im- 
 mlneo, ui, 2 : there are sirme n ho do not 
 see what is i.. iionniilli sunt, qui ea qua© 
 i., non videant,Cic. Cat. 1, 12, jo: Veil.; 
 
 v. TO OVERHANG, THRIATKN. ('.;). illsto, 
 
 stlti, I : her confinement uas i.. partus 
 instabat prope, Ter. Ad. ?, 2. 9 : yoa 
 eeie in i. d-mger fiom them, tibi ab iis 
 insiare periculum, Brut, in Cic K..in. 11, 
 20 (but the verb expresses less than 
 the Kng.). (3). adveiito, i {to be on the 
 point of arriving) : obi-age eillfr actu- 
 ally weighing upon one, or at least t, 
 aut Jam urgens, aut arte udventans 
 senectus, Cic .-en. 1. 2: v. to approach. 
 (1). impendeo, 2: v. to i.mpend. 
 
 immobility: 1. immobUitas: 
 
 Just. («lio uses it of the waters of the 
 I lead Sea): l.act. 2. u.<u. better 
 
 expr. by adj.: i. of features, »ininio- 
 tus vultus; vultus qui semper imnia- 
 tatus raan°' : v. immovable, unchange 
 able. 
 
 immoderate : 1. immoderatu* 
 
 {not I.ept within due limits): i. ealmg 
 and drinking, i. polus et pastus, Cic : 
 the i., the inci edible, the unattainable, 
 i.. incredibilia, niniis alta. Sail. Cat. 5 : 
 Ov. 2. iniiiiOdiciis (//«i/ ex eeds the 
 ordinary bounds: not in * ic): v. k.\- 
 CESSivE ('2). 3. immodestus (not 
 
 under propel' restraint) : i.in drinking, 
 i. in vino, Ter. Heaut. j, j, 7: Cic: v. 
 
 INTEMPERATE. 4. Ilimius: V. EX- 
 
 CESSIVE. 5. expr. by circiiniL, qui 
 
 (quae, quod) extra mo<tum prodit, mo- 
 duin excedit: v. to exi-efd. I'br. : i. 
 joi/, effus;i laetitia, Liv. ?;, 4J. eztr., 
 pnfiisa hilaritas {glee), Cic Tiisc. 4, 7, 
 15; laetitia gestiens vel nimia, ib. 4, (y, 
 I}: to give nay to i. joy, effuse ex- 
 sultare, ib. : i. laughter, inteniperantia 
 risiis, Plin. 
 
 immoderately: 1. immoderaie: 
 C'ic 2. praeter miidum • Cic 3. 
 inmiOdice : Join: immodiee immodes- 
 teque [gloiiari], Liv. 22, 27. 4. effuse 
 (csp. with words denoting juy, grief, 
 etc.): to iveep i., effusissime tieie. Sen. 
 Kp. 99, 21: Cic: cf. preced. art. extr. 
 5. intemp<!ranter : v. inti mpe- 
 RATELY. 6. insoleirter {mare than is 
 usual: esp. ovtrwteningly, q. v.). Hor- 
 gias employs these attractions S''iiitu-hat 
 i., G. his festivitaiibus insoleiiiius abu- 
 titur, Cic Or. 52, 176. 
 
 immoderateness : expr by adj.: 
 
 V. IMMODI.UATE. 
 
 immodest : 1. impudicus : v. 
 UNCHASTE. 2. inviietundus: Cic: 
 Quint. : v. shameless. (Not immodestus, 
 
 which is INTEMIERATE.) 
 
 immodestly: 1. impfidice (rare): 
 V. UNCHA.^TELV. 2. inverScunde . 
 
 Quint. : Sen. : v. siiamelksslt. 
 
 immodesty: 1. impudicltia: ▼. 
 UNCHA.STITV. 2. invSrecuiidia (v. 
 
 rare) : Ainob. 
 
 immolate : immOlo, i : v. to sacki- 
 
 FICE. 
 
 immolation : immSlatio {the act of 
 sairificinif: Cic: v. sacrifice. 
 immoiator: immOiator: Cic 
 immoral: 1. pravus (lit. croofed; 
 hence unmg as opp. to right, rectus): 
 cf. Cic Leg. I, II, init., neo solum in 
 i9«
 
 IMMORALITY 
 
 IMPARTIAL 
 
 IMPATIENT 
 
 rectis sed etiam in pravis actibus [al. 
 pravitatibus], insiguis est bumani gene- 
 ris similitudo : Veil. : v. wrong. 2. 
 corruptus: the moft i. men of all ranks, 
 homines omnium ordinum corruptissimi, 
 Sail. or. Phil. ; cf. Cic. I'art. 26, 91, genus 
 hominum n)alo cullu pravisque opinioii- 
 ibus corruptum : v. coerupt. 3. 
 
 turpis, e {disgraceful : esp. of sensu- 
 ality) : an i. youth, a scandalous life, 
 t. adolescentia, vita int'amis, Cic. Font. 
 II, 24: cf. Hon S. I, 4, III. Join: 
 turpis ac pravus, Juv. 14, 41. 4. 
 
 vitiosus (rare in this sense) : an i. and 
 profligate life, v. et flagitiusa vita, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 28, extr. : v. vicious. 5. o^- 
 scaenus : v. obscene. 
 
 immorality : 1. expr. by mores 
 witb an adj.: e.g., perdiii mores, Cic. 
 Fam. 2, 5, extr. ; niali m., Sail. Cat. J7 ; 
 corrupti in., ib. 1 1, extr. 2. expr. by 
 pi. of vitium (cf. L. G. $ 591): in the 
 midst of such i., inter lanta v„ Sail. Cat. 
 J : i. and profligacy, v. atqiie flagitia, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, JO, 10 : i. is on the in- 
 crease, *crescunt [in dies^ vitia. 3. 
 turpitudo : V. INFAMY. Plir. : to chas- 
 tise i., lurpia castigare, Juv. 2, 9 : a 
 mind unsclwokd in i., animus in>olens 
 malarum artium. Sail. Cat. }. See also 
 
 PRIlKI.IGACY, VICE. 
 
 i-nmorally : P^a^e (iirongly, in 
 wid —t sen.-e): Cic. Ac. I, 10, j7. 
 
 immortal : 1. immortalls, e : the 
 i. gods, Di im., Cic. : i. exigence, im. 
 aevum, Lucr. In looser sense, i. glory, 
 im. gloria, Cic. Bal. 17, 40: to achieve 
 i. roj'/l-s, im. opera edtre, Liv. i, 16, 
 init. 2. aeternus, sempitemus (v. 
 STERNAL, EVERLASTING) : / believe the. 
 gods to lie i., Deorum vitara sempiternam 
 e.sse arbitror, Ter. Andr. ;, 5.5. P h r. : 
 to be i., morte [gelida] carere, Hor. Od. 
 2, 8, 12; *mortis experiem esse: / am, 
 become i., mibi inimortalitas parta est, 
 Ter. Andr. i, 5, 5. 
 
 immortalize : 1. consecro, i {to 
 let apart as sacred : bence, fig. to render 
 divine or imperishable: infreq): to i. 
 one's name by most disting^lishcd memo- 
 rials, amplissimis monumentis c. memo- 
 riam nominis sui, Cii:. Q. Fr. i, i, 15: 
 more precisely, ad immortalitatis reli- 
 gionem et memoriam c, id. Mil. 29, 80. 
 2. sacro, I (like preced. : rare) : the 
 eloquence of rata lii'es and flourishes, 
 i.d in vritinys, vivit vigetque Catonis 
 eloquentia, sacrata scriptis, Liv. jg, 40, 
 med. : Hor. Od. i, 26, 11. 3. aeterno, 
 I (poet, and rare) : to i. any one's vir- 
 tues, virtutes in aevum aet., Hor. Od. 4, 
 14, 5. 4. expr. by inimortalitas, im- 
 
 mortalis. witb various verbs : imnior- 
 talitati aliquid tradere, Cic. de Or. j, 16, 
 60; gloriam alieujus immortalitatis me- 
 moria prosequi, id. I'h. 2, ij, ertr. ; \ 
 aeternitatem inimorialitatemque alicui 
 donare, id. in Pis. ;, 7 : memoriam alieu- 
 jus imniortalem reddere,id. de Or. 2,2, 8. 
 
 immortality : 1. immortaiitas 
 
 (both in lit. and fig. sense): I'er. : Cic. 
 2. expr. by inimortaiis, aeternus, 
 sempiternus: to believe in the i. of the 
 soul, aninii naturam immortalem esse, 
 animos immortales esse, credere (v. IM- 
 HORTAi.) : our plans ought to look to- 
 vards i., nostra -onsilia sempitemum 
 tempus spectare dtbent. Cic. de Or. 2, 
 40, 169. Phr. : to gain t. by one's 
 achievements, famam extendere factis, 
 
 Virg. : v. FAME. 
 
 immortally: e-'^pr- by immortfilis: 
 V. L. G. ^ 54?. (Cic. has immortaliter, but 
 In diff. sense, im. gaudeu, y. l-'r. j, i, 5) 
 
 immoveable : 1. immobUis, e (both 
 lit. and fig ) : the earth, remainimi i, 
 terra im. manens, Cic. : Curt. : Plin. 
 Fig.: 1. (0 entreaties, im. precihus, 
 Tac. Ann. 16, 10. extr. 2. immotus 
 (strictly, that has not been moved) : Virg. 
 Fig.: if my resolve nere not rooted 
 and i., si miiii non animo tixum i.que 
 sederet, Virg. Aen. 4, i;. 3. expr- 
 by verb: qui (quae, qund) non movetur, 
 moveri non potest : v. to mo\e. See 
 
 also MOTI0NLi;SS. 
 
 immoveably: *iti 'it quid moveri 
 non possit. See also firmly. 
 
 39-2 
 
 immunity: immunltas, vacatiu; v. 
 EXEMPTION. See also frickuom (11.). 
 immure : include, concliido, J : v. 
 
 to IHl'RISoN. 
 
 immutability: 1. immuiabllitas 
 (v. rare): Cic. Fat. 9, 17. 2. immo- 
 
 bilitas (not class.) : the i. of his counsel, 
 im. consilii, Vulg. Hebr. vi. 17. 3. 
 expr. by circuml. : he believes in the i. 
 of natural laws, *rerum naturae leges 
 immutabilcs esse credit ; nuUam ne 
 niinimam quidem mutationem rerum 
 naturae legum fieri posse putat : v. im- 
 mutable, etc. 
 
 immutable: immiitabnis, e: Cic; 
 Stat. 
 
 immutably : immutabill ter (v. rare) : 
 Cels. Dig. 45, I, 99 : Apul. (Usu. better 
 expr. by ciicuml., *ita ut quid mutari 
 non possit: v. to change.) 
 
 imp : I. -^ shoot, scion : (?) siiboles, 
 is : v. OFFSPRING. ||, A malicious 
 sprite : perh. daemSnium or larva : v. 
 
 GOBLIN, FIEND. 
 
 impact: impactio: Sen. N. Q. 2, 
 12, 6. (Or expr. by verb: v. to im- 
 pinge.) 
 
 impair: 1. infringo, fiegi, fi;ac- 
 tum, 3 : to i. the very floner of distinc- 
 tion, ipsum fiorem dignitatis inf., Cic. 
 Bal. 6, 15 ; to i. any one's glory, alieujus 
 gloriam inf., Cic. Mil. 2, 5 : to i. a pre- 
 rogative, '^1%. inf, Tac. Ann. 4, 19. 2. 
 imminuo, i, utum, J {to diminish or cur- 
 tail) : lehat is there that time has not 
 i.'d, quid non imminuit dies ? Hur. Od. 
 }, 6, 45 : Cic. .Join: imminuere ac 
 debilitare, Cic. Ph. 12, J, init. 3. 
 
 commiiiuo, j (to break in pieces ; hence, 
 greatly to injure or i.) : to i. the strength 
 of one's genius, ingenii vires c, Ov. 
 Pont. J, ?, J4: as respects fortune, my 
 means are greatly i.'d, re lamiliari com- 
 minuti sumus, Cic. Att. 4, },fin. 4. 
 attero, trivi, tum, j (to wear aivay ; 
 hence, to enfeeble) : Hannibal had greatly 
 i.'d the resources of Italy. H. Itidiae 
 opes maxime attriverat, Sail. Jug. 5 : 
 Curt. 5. accido, di, sum, j (lit. to 
 hack and so to weaken greatly : in fig. 
 sense, proh. only in pert, tenses pass.) : 
 though the strength of the state vas 
 greatly i.'d, etsi accisae res sint, Liv. j, 
 10, med. : cf. Cic. prov. cons. 14, 54. 
 6. elevo, I (to render less weighty : 
 to detract from) : the clearness of a 
 thing is i.'d by arguing, pevspicuitas 
 argumentando elevatur. Cic. N. D. }, 4, 
 init. See also to weaken. 
 
 impale : palo infigo, xi, xum, J : 
 H. Steph. s. V. crKoAoJTt^u). P li r. : to i. 
 oneself {by falling mi a pointed stake, 
 etc.), se aciito vallo (hastae) induere, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 7; : Liv. : v. to transfix. 
 impalpable: *quod manibus com- 
 prehendi, tangi non potest: cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 795. (intactilis, as phil. term, 
 Lucr. I, 4J8.) Phr. : an i. ponder, 
 *pulvis subtilissimus et quem tactu 
 sciitire non possis : v. fine (I.). 
 
 impannel : P h r. : a jury was i.'d, 
 *judices exordine constituti sunt ; judices 
 delecti in consilio adfuerimt (the ptir. 
 in consilio was used of judices, cf. Cic. 
 Clu. 27, init.). 
 
 imparadised : pe^b in coelo (a prov. 
 expr. to denote unusual felicity) : Cic. 
 Att. 2, 9, I. Phr.: i. in one anotha-'s 
 arms, *quos dulcis amplexus ad deos 
 evehit. 
 
 impart : 1. importio, 4 ; also -or 
 (usu. with dat. and ace., less freq. with 
 ac. and abl.): li. a share of my glory 
 to all, gloriae pattern omnibus impertio, 
 Cic. Sull. J, 8 : to i. a fci>.s aliquem 
 osculo i.. Suet. Ner. 57. Also absul., 
 Hor. Ep. I, 6, extr. .See also to share. 
 2. commiinico, i {to have or cause 
 to have anything in commoti: usu. foil, 
 by cum): besides, I have many fears, 
 which I have i.'d to our friend, multa 
 praeterea metuo, quae cum nostro com- 
 municavi, Cic. Fam. 6, 20. Join: im- 
 perliri et cum aliquo commuiiicaie, Cic. 
 Am. 19. 70. See also to bf..stow, dis- 
 close. 
 
 impartial : 1. aequus : a most i. 
 judge, aequis^imus judex, Cic. Fin. j, 2, 
 
 6 (but the word often carries with it th« 
 sense of favourable, well-disposed : cf 
 1. c.) : to exercise i. judgment, aequ« 
 animo aequa noscere, Ter. Ad. j, 5, 58 : 
 V. just. 2. aequabilis, e {even, uni- 
 form ; the same for all) : i. justice, ju» 
 aeq., Cic. Inv. i, 2, init. : i. {fair) dis- 
 tribution of spoil, aeq. praedae partitlo, 
 Cic. Off. 2, It, 40. 3. Justus: a most 
 irreproachable and i. judge, sanctissimus 
 et justissimus judex, Cic. PI. ij, }2: v. 
 JUST. 4. integer (?M)< to?npe)ed TO<ft, 
 and so spealcing the truth, acting justly) : 
 with i. and unbiassed mind, int. animo 
 ac libero, Cic. Sull. ji, 86. Join: in- 
 corruptus atque integer [testis], Cic. 
 Fin. 1, 21, init. 5. sanctus {conscien- 
 tious, irreproachable) : esp. with another 
 word : v. supr. (3). ['hv.: an indifferent 
 and i. person, (homo) medius nee in 
 alterius favorem incliiiatus, Liv. 40, 20, 
 med. : to be perfectly i., ab omni fac- 
 tionum [partium] sttidio alienum esse, 
 Kuhnk. (in Kr.). 
 
 impartiality: 1. aequitas (/mV- 
 ness) : \ . EQUITY, JUSTICE. 2. aequabi- 
 litas {even, unbiassed procedure : rare) : 
 cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 85, J45, in laude Justitiae 
 
 quid cum aequaliilitate fecerit : cf. 
 
 impartial (2). 3. more usu. expr. by 
 adj. : animus ab omni partium studio 
 alienus; animus studio el ira vacuus, Kr.' 
 (based on Cic.) : to judge with i., *judi- 
 cium integrum, incorruptum exercere : 
 V. IMPARTIAL. Phr.: in proportimi to 
 the i. of the speech, quo minus studii 
 visa est oratio habere, Liv. 24, 28 : with 
 i., integre, incorrupte : v. foil. art. 
 
 impartially : 1. int^ gre : J o i n : 
 incorrupte atque integre, Cic. Fin. I, 9, 
 jo: Mil. 22, arir. 2. incorrupte: Cic. 
 Marc. 9, 29: V. supr. 3. expr. by 
 circuml. : sine ira et studio, Tac. An. i, 
 I, extr. ; sine amore et sine cupiditate ; 
 sine odio et sine invidia, Cic. Marc. 9, 
 29 : to judge i , animo integro, aequo 
 judicare ; aequabili Judicandi ratione 
 uti : v. IMPARTIAL. 4. aequabiliter 
 {evenly : rare) : Cic. Off. 2. Ii, 40. 
 
 imparting (sulis.) -. communicalio : 
 
 Cic. : v. TO IMPAltT. 
 
 impassable: 1. insuperabTIis : 
 
 that route nas absolutely i., ea vero via 
 ins. fuit, Liv. 21, 16. 2. invius 
 
 (strictly, without paths) : a region i. for 
 rocks, regio rupilnis inv., Plin. 12, 14, 
 jo: Virg.: v. pathle.ss. 3, imper- 
 vius : i. roads, [interrupta et] imp. 
 itinera, Tac. A. j, ji : Ov. 4. niore 
 frf q. expr. by verb : a rirer i. on foot, 
 excipt in mie place, fiumen quod uno 
 onmino loco pedibus transiri potest, 
 Cae.s. B. G. 5, 18 : v. to cross. Phr.: 
 (almost) i. i' oods, inipeditissimae silvae, 
 Hirt. B. G. 8, 18: Caes. 
 
 impassibility; impassibilitas (not 
 
 class.): Hier, : v. foil. art. 
 
 impassible : 1. impassiHlis, e 
 (not class): Lact. I, hfin.: Terl. 
 (= qui nihil pati potest). 2. im- 
 patiens, ntis (ambiguous): an i. so^d, 
 imp. animus. Sen. Ep. 9, init. : explained 
 as = extra omnem patientiam positus. 
 
 impassioned : 1. concitatus : 
 
 thrilling and i. sentences, xibrantes c.que 
 sentemiae. Quint. 12. 9. J: in i. lan- 
 guage and as if inspired, concitatus et 
 velut instinctus. Dial. Or. 14, init. 2. 
 fervidus {glowing with passion) : the i. 
 boy {Cupid), f. puer. Hor. Od. i, jo, ; : 
 cf. Cic. Br. 68, fm., fervidum quoddam 
 et furiosum genus dicendi : v. fiert 
 (II.). Phr.: i. love, calores, Hor. Od. 4, 
 9, II. 
 
 impassive: v. impa.ssible. 
 
 impatience: I. inability to en- 
 dure : impatientia (not without depend, 
 gen ): i. of silence, i. silentii, Tac. A. 4, 
 52, extr. II. Bestless haste; eager- 
 ness : 1, testinatio : to check any 
 one's i., f. alieujus morari. Curt. 8, 2, 
 med. ; v. hukrt. 2. avidltas (gi s- 
 tiens) : V. eagerness. Phr.: they slioic 
 signs of i., festinare se testantur. Dial. 
 Or. 19, extr. ; morae se impatientem 
 esse identidem monstrant. 
 
 impatient : I. enable to endure- 
 1, impatlens, ntis (unable to e«^
 
 IMPATIENTLY 
 
 IMPERFECT 
 
 IMPERISHABLE 
 
 dure : in good authors always with de- I pestatem, Cic. ^ \\ fdtube^ ^ 3. Pxpr. 
 
 pend. gen.): i. 0/ inacaon, quietis imp., ' ' ' ' '" '" ' 
 
 Veil. 2, 2J: i. of delay, imp. morae, 
 
 SU. 8, 4. 2. indignans, ntln (implying 
 
 resentmtnt) : viosl i. of etmlinement, 
 
 aervitutis Impatieiitissimus. Col. 8, 17, 
 
 tned. : cf. VirK. Aen. 1,55- I' h r. : to te 
 
 1. under anijlkiruj : (I.) aegri', moleste 
 
 fero, J, t'lT. : tobe.i. under jxiveity, aegre 
 
 ferre se paiiixjrem esse, Cic. Tusc 4. 2";, 
 
 fin. : also, inlquo animo ferie, Cic. Alt. 
 
 15, i(>.fin. (2.) indignor, i (to look upon 
 
 tu an indignity) : to be 1. of authority, 
 
 imperia indignari, Quint. I, }. 6: cf. 
 
 Hor. A. P. ?59, indignor, quandoque 
 
 bonus dormitat Homerus. ||. A:r- 
 
 tnmeiy eager: avldus: v. f.ageb. To 
 
 be i. (10 do sometliing) : gestio, 4: / am 
 
 i. to khow all, pestio scire omnia, Cic. 
 
 Att. 4, II : my fists are i. to begin, ges- 
 
 tiunt pugni mi'tii, I'l. Am. i, i, i-jo: v. 
 
 TO LONG. 
 
 impatiently : 1. impraienter (as 
 
 one unable to emlure): Tac. ; I'liii. Jun. 
 2. e.\pr. by indignans {with resent- 
 ment ■ cl. L. (i. i J4!) : '• "'«;/ »"<«»'■ 
 about tlieir prison, indignantes circum 
 claustra fremmit, Virg. Aen. i, 5;. 3. 
 avide {eagerly) : as I vas i. looking out 
 for a letter, epistolara quuni avlde ex- 
 spectarem, Cic. Att. 2, 8. To desire i., 
 geslio: V. preced. art../ifi. 
 
 impeach: accuse," poslUlo, arcesso, 
 etc. : V. Tt) acx;l'sk. 
 
 impeached : ""exs : v. accused. 
 
 impeachment: accusatio: v. ac- 
 cusation. 
 
 impearled: gemmans, gemmatus: 
 
 V. JEWKI,LKt>. 
 
 impeccability : impeccantia (not 
 class.) : Uier. : usu. better expr. by cir- 
 cuml., natura peccati expers, quae pec- 
 care nescit : v. sin. 
 
 impeccable; Impeccabilis. e (very 
 rare) : Gell. : usu. better expr. by cir- 
 cuml., peccati expers, nescius: v. sin. 
 
 impede: 1. impfidio, 4: v. to 
 HINDER. 2. tardo, rgtardo, i : v. to 
 
 DELAY, RETARD. 
 
 impediment: I. ^ hindrance-. 
 impedimentiiiii : v. hindrance. To be 
 an i. lo, obesse, offictie: v. to hin- 
 der. OB.'-TRUCT. II. A defect of utter- 
 ance: haesitantia linguae, Cic. Ph. j, 6, 
 16. Phr. : to hare an i. of speech, 
 balbum esse, Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261 •. 
 balbutire, Hor. S. i, j, 48 (v. to stam- 
 mer): lingua haesitare, Cic. de Or. 1, 
 25, 115: (i) linguae inexplanatae esse, 
 Plin. II, J7, 6;. 
 
 impel: I. To drive forward: 1. 
 impello, piili, pulsum, j : to i. a ship by 
 oars, navcm remls irap.,Oves. : a light 
 breeze i.s the ship, levis aura ratem imp., 
 Ov. 2. urgeo, si, 2 (stronger than 
 impello) : each wave i.s its predecessor, 
 urget unda priorem, Ov. M. i;, 182 (see 
 the place) : Virg. : v. to thrust. ||. 
 Fig.: to urge to a course : 1, im- 
 pello, i: to be i.'d by nature, to desire, 
 natura impelli ut velimus . . . ., Cic. 
 Fin. J, 20, 6; ; v. to urge: tobe i.'d and 
 incited to anything, ad aliquid impelli et 
 inrendi, Cic Br. ;, 19 : to i. men to irar, 
 homines ad bellum imp., Cic Sull 1 ;, 5^ : 
 Join: [ad aliquid] impelli et incendi, 
 Cic. Br. 5, 19. 2. incito, i : to be i.'d 
 by nature to do anything, ad aliquid na- 
 tura incltari, Cic. Fin. j, 20, 66 : Caes. : v. 
 TO INCITE, stimulate. 3. horlor, i : 
 many things i.'d the (Hauls to adopt this 
 course, raultae res ad hoc consiliumGallos 
 hortabantur, Caes. B. G. j, i8 : Cic. Sext. 
 
 J. 7. 
 
 impend: I. Lit.: to hang over: 
 impendeo, Immineo: v. to overhang, 
 command ((SEtr.). II. Fig.: to be im- 
 minent : 1. Impendeo, 2 (foil, by in 
 and occ. or dat.) : though all possible 
 dangers i. owr me, licet in me inipcn- 
 deunt pericula omnia, Cic. R. Am. ii, 
 Jt: with dat., id. lusc. 4, 16, 55. 2. 
 immineo, insto: v. imminent (I'hr.). 
 
 impending (mIJ-) ■ 1. immlnens, 
 ntis (rare in this sense) : proplietic of i. 
 rains, imbrlum divina (avis) im., Hor. 
 Od. }, 27, 10. 2. f&turus: to foresee 
 the i. storm, prospicere futuram tem- 
 
 by rel. clau-e : to foresee i. dangers, quae 
 instant s. impendent pericula prospicere : 
 V. TO impend. 
 impenetrability: Pii""-: '« be ;-<-«- 
 
 sessed nf i., *c<jrpore s. natura imp>ne- 
 trabili praediium esse ; soUdo corpore 
 esse (cf. Lucr. i, 487): v. impeke- 
 trablk. 
 impenetrable : 1. impenetrabllis, 
 
 e: an '. buckler, imp. cetta. I'lin. II, J9, 
 gj : .Sen. 2. impervius (affording no 
 passage through) : v. imI'Assable. 
 Phr.: i. forests, silvae impeditisslmae, 
 Hirt. B. U. 8, 18: i. shau^s of night, 
 spissae noclis umbrae, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 621 : he hides (the future) in i. night, 
 caliginosa nocte premit, Hor. Od. j, 29, 
 JO: an i. secret, res ita aliscondita ut 
 nemo in earn peiietrare possit (Kr.): 
 his meaning became more i. than ever, 
 in incertum et ambiguum magis seijsus 
 implicabantur, Tac. Aiui. I. ii: i. to 
 strangers, lectus ad alieiios, Cic 1'.. Am. 
 40, 116: cunninjr and i., astutus et oc- 
 cultus, Cic. Kam. 5, 10, }. 
 
 impenetrably : ita ut penetrari non 
 possit: V. TO penetrate. 
 
 impenitence : impoenitentia (not 
 cla,ss.) : Aug. : Hier. 
 
 impenitent : impoenitens (not 
 cla-ss.): Vulg. Hom.il. 5: pscudo-Quliit. 
 (Better expr. by verb: quern peccati 
 non poenitet : v. to repent.) 
 
 imperative : I. Commanding, 
 
 peT'jnptory : I'hr. : an i. duty, perh. 
 ofiicium necessitate quadam delegatum, 
 cf. Quint. 6, prooem. I : these mders are 
 i., *haec mandata nullum dant aut 
 morae aut excus;aii>nis locum. ||. 
 
 As gram. t. t.: impeialivus (modus); 
 Char. 
 
 imperceptible : quod sensu (sensi- 
 bus) percipi non potest ; v. to per- 
 ceive. Phr.: the growth (of plants) is 
 so slow as to be i., "tarn tarde (lente) 
 crescunt ut aensum oculorum effugiant : 
 like the i. gronth of a tree, crescil oc- 
 cullo velut arbor aevo, Hor. Od. I, 12, 
 45 (= sensim crescit, ita ut nemo ar- 
 borum incrementa per singulos annus 
 aniniadvertat, Orell.) : our progress to- 
 wards old age is i., sensim et paullatim 
 [sine sensu] seiiescimus, cf. Cic. Sen. 11, 
 extr. : to hexome i.. obscnrari [neque ap- 
 parere], Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 2y. 
 
 imperceptibly: 1. sensim: Cic 
 Sen. II, extr. (v. preced. art. extr.) : Plin. 
 Ep. Join: sensim et pedetentim ; 
 sensim ac leniter, Cic. Also sine sensu, 
 Cic. Sen. 1. c. 2. pedetentim (step by 
 step) : V. gkaduallv. 3. obscure 
 (darkly, unseen) : to make progress i., 
 obs. seipere. Cic. Cat. 4, i,fin. 
 
 imperfect: \. Not finished: 1. 
 inchoiitus (begun, but not finisheil) : the 
 perfect is preferred to the i., perfecta in- 
 choatis anteferuntur, Cic. Top. 18. 69: 
 to leave a thing i., rem inc. rellnquere, 
 
 Cic. N. D. I, 20, 56: V. UNFINISHED. 
 
 2, imperfectus : cf. Cic. Tim. 4, 
 init., iniperfectum, nee absolmo simile : 
 Virg.: Quint. IJ, Defective: 1. 
 mancus (strictly, crij)pled : hence, want- 
 ing some important element) : they 
 ttiMight virtue would be i. without some 
 appendage, m. fore pulaverunt sine 
 aliqua accessione virtutem, Cic. Fin. j, 9, 
 )o. Join: mancus et inchoatus, Cic. 
 Off.l.4M;{. 2. inipTfPCtus : Join: 
 rudis et imperfectus (incomplete and un- 
 fmisheJ), Quini. J, i, 7: cf. Cic. Tim. 4, 
 init. 3. riidis, e (in a rough state ; 
 un wrought): v. unfinished. 4. coi- 
 tus Gi'- clipped, mutilated) : thi-re is ever 
 something lacking in our i. happiness, 
 curiae nescio quid semper abest rel, Hor. 
 Od. J, 24, 64: Cic. introduces the epith. 
 by (juasi. Fin. 4, 14, ?6. where the antith. 
 Is perfectus atque plenus: l^ict. |||. 
 Marked by faults and vices: mcndosus: 
 Hor. S. 1,6, 6: Cic. : v. faulty. Phr. : 
 human nature is i., *natura hominum 
 vitiorum expers non est; viiiis nemo 
 
 imperfection: | Abstr., tmper. 
 feet stale: 1. expr. by imperfectus. 
 etc.: tli£y teacli the t. uf all earthly 
 things, •omnia terrestria (humana) na- 
 tura imperfecta esse, manca iniperlec- 
 taque natura praedita esse dixreiu : v. 
 IMPERFECT. 2. culpa (btajae; hence, 
 that which deserves it) : so full of i. 
 (nature), tanla praedita culpa. Lucr. 5, 
 200. 3. expr. by pi. of viiium (cf. 
 L. G. { 591): esp. with an adj.: $0 
 deeply rooted is i. in human nature, 
 *adeo in hominum naiura inhaerent 
 vitia : V. infr. 4. iniperfectio (not 
 class.) : Aug. ||. Concrete, a dtfe>X : 
 
 1, vltium : V. fault, flaw. 2. 
 raenda, mendum : v. blemish. Having 
 i.s., mendosus, vltiosus: v. faulty, IM- 
 
 PEKKr/JT (111.). 
 
 imperfectly : 1. imperfects : GelL 
 
 2. expr. by perftcte and a negative: 
 he did nothing i., niliil nisi i)errecte 
 (fecit), Cic. de Or. I, 28. i ;o : todu any- 
 thing i., *aliquid minus perfecte facere. 
 cf. L. G. ij 646. 3. viiiose (in a man- 
 ner marked by faults): Cic. de Or. I. c . 
 V. FAULTILY. 4. mendosC (like vi- 
 tiose) : to treat of a subject very i. (dr- 
 fectively and erroneously), aliquid men- 
 dosissime scrilx>re. Cic. Inv. i, 6,^n. 
 
 imperfectness : v. imperfection. 
 
 imperial : I. Belonging to an em- 
 pire or emperor : 1. expr. by gen. of 
 impfirium, impfirator, princeps; the i. 
 expenditure, imperii suniptus : the i. 
 title, im^eT&Umss. principis ncmen: v, 
 empire, emperor. 2. iinpeiatoritis: 
 i. nativity (I. e. portending i. rank), L 
 genesis, Suet. lo: but the adj. usu. re- 
 fers to the republican title of impcrator, 
 appellatio imperatoria, Veil. 2, 125: Cic. 
 3. principalis, e (= principis : late) : 
 i. majesty, p. majestas, Suet. CI. 17 : an 
 i. marriage, p. matrinioniuni. Tac. H. I, 
 22: Plin. jun. 4. inipcrialis, e (post- 
 class.) : i. statutes, imp. slatuta, Ulp. 
 5. augustus (poet,) : the i. ears, 
 aures a., Ov. Pont, i, 2, 117: comp. ib. 
 2, 2, 76: Mart. 6. domiaicus (v. 
 late) : Cod. Const. ||, Exercising rule 
 over others: lnip6riosus (rare in this 
 sense): great and i.(iiide-ruling) cities, 
 urbes magiiae atque imp., Enn. In Cic. 
 Rep. I, 2: Aug. _ III. Becoming an 
 emperor, grand : regius, augustus : v. 
 
 ROVAL, PRINCELY, AUGUST. 
 
 imperialist : perh. Caesarianus : the 
 term applied to the partisans of Caesar 
 in the civil war: Auct. B. Afr. IJ : but 
 the term should be used only in pi. as 
 there. Phr.: to be an i., *ab Imix^ra- 
 toris [IVincipis] partibus stare; Impe- 
 ratoris fonunas sequi (m this sense the 
 word Imperator should be written with 
 a capital letter, as a proper name) : from 
 being a republican )ie became an ardent 
 i., *a republica in partes Imperatoris 
 summo studio transgressus est: the i. 
 forces, milites, exerciius Ausiriaci (Kr.). 
 
 imperially: perh. regie, imperiO.-e 
 (i. e. as a king or one holding supreme 
 pmver) : v. royally, imperioislt. 
 
 imperil : '" pcricuium s. discrimen 
 adduce, etc. : v. To endanger. 
 
 imperious: 1. inipfriosus (also 
 in good sense : cf. imperial, U. ; sove- 
 reign) : a most I. anJ tyrannical family, 
 familia imperiosissima et superbissima, 
 Liv. 9, J4, mcd.: Cic. 2. anogans: 
 V. ARROGANT. 3. superbus : v. 
 
 HAUGHTY, TYR.^NNICAL. 
 
 imperiously : 1. impJriiwe 1 iell. 
 2, sfiperbe: v. haugutii.Y, tyran- 
 nically. 
 imperiousness : arrOgantia, sup- 
 
 erbia; in>61<iilia : v. ARROGANCE, ty- 
 ranny. 
 
 imuerishable : 1. pfrennis. e. 
 a mmiumevt iifre i. than brass, moiiii- 
 mentum aere perennius Hor. Od. }, jo, 
 I : i. adamant, p. adamas, Ov. Met. 15. 
 81 J. 2. incorruptus (e.sp. of that 
 which u-ill not rot) : stronger and more 
 i. wood, lignum fortius et iiicorruptius. 
 
 sine nascltur. Hor. S. i. j, 68. |V. I" I f^'i"- '^' ^- ^ '""'''■ f^''^' •^"""'* "'""'* 
 gramm.ir, the i. tense, imperfectum tem- I vitia incorrupta(matena), Plin. iJ.l6,Jo. 
 nus. Macr.: Char.: less frea. tempus 1 3. Immortalls, e (in fig. sense) : _t 
 
 pus . Macr. : Char 
 inchoativum, I Mom. 
 
 less freq. tempus i 3. Immortalls, e (i , 
 
 I fruit (of affection), Im. fnictus, Cic. it 
 
 i9i
 
 IMPERlSHABLErSESS 
 
 1 M r L I t A T E 
 
 1 M 1' L. T? 
 
 Pis. J4, init.: v. immoktai.. 4. 'f- 
 delebilis, e (jiot to be effaced) : Ov. 5. 
 Beternns : the most i. is ebony, maxime 
 aet. hebeuus, Plin. i6, 14, 79: cf. ib. 
 §} 215, 219. Ph r. : to bf i. (of timber), 
 caritm vetustatenique non sentire, Plin. 
 16, 14, 18. 
 
 imperishaWeness : 1. aeternltas : 
 Plin. 16, 14, 79, s'' 217 (of timlier). 2. 
 immorlalUas : Plin 13, 16, }o (of lim- 
 ber): V. IMMOKTALITY. 
 
 imperishably. ita ut deleri s. e.\- 
 stingui non possit: v. to dkstroy. 
 
 impermeable : impewius : v. im- 
 
 PERVIO0S. P h r. ; i. tu moisture, contra 
 humorem pwgnax, Plin. 15, 1.4- to be 
 i. to water, *humoiem excludere s. re- 
 spuere. 
 
 impersonal: gram. t. t., imperso- 
 nalis, e; Dioni.: Prise. Phr. : to be i., 
 personis carere. Pri^c. 
 
 impersonally : * impersonaliter 
 (gram. t. t.) : Forcell. s. v. (As used in 
 Rom. law, the adv. = ivitlcout specifica- 
 tion of persons : Flur. Dig. 4;, 3. I5-) 
 
 impersonate : partes (aiicnjus) sus- 
 
 tlneu, lueor.defendo: v. part. See also 
 TO ACT (B.) 
 
 imT>ersonation ; expr. by verb: v. 
 preced. an. 
 
 impertinence: insolentia, os (du- 
 rum) : V. IN.sOI.ENCE, EFFRONTERY. 
 
 impertinent : I. A'"* pertinent .- 
 
 quid non (nil) peninet ad r^m; quod 
 nil ailinet: v. irrklfaant; to belong 
 (HI.). II. Feit,iude: ins6\eus,l)a.r\im 
 verecundu.s v. i>solent, impudent. 
 
 impertinently : p irum (nil) ad 
 rem; insolenter: v. preced. art. 
 imperturbable : 1. immotus (wn- 
 
 mored. uns/iaken): Virg. : Tae. 2. 
 immobilis, e: calm, undismayed, and 
 i., tranquillus, intrepidus, ira., Gell. 19, 
 12, Jin. : foil, by adversum and ace, 
 Tac. H. 4, 2. 3. solidus (substan- 
 tial) : i. mind. s. mens, Hor. Od. J, i, 4. 
 4. constans, ntis (settled, unbroken) -. 
 i. good-humour, *c. comitas ac faciliias: 
 
 V. CONSTANT. 
 
 imperturbably : immoto animo, 
 
 Tac. : V. preced. art. (Or. expr. by cir- 
 cuml., iia ut perturbari animove dejici 
 non possit.) 
 impervious: impervius: V. IMPENE- 
 
 TEAULE. 
 
 impetigo: impetigo, Inis,/.: Cels._ 
 
 impetuosity : 1. impetus, us 
 
 (lit. a rush) : iiith such rapidity and i., 
 ea celeritate eoque i., Caes. B. G. 5, 1 8 : 
 to attiick with blind i. (fig.), caeco i. in 
 aliquoai incurrere, Cic. Fin. i, ij, 4?. 
 2. vis, vim, vi, /. : v. force, vio- 
 lence". 3. incitatio (heat, excite- 
 ment) : cf. Caes. B. C. J, 92, aninii ivci- 
 tatio atque alacritas, quae studio pugnae 
 accenditur. Join: vis atque incitatio, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 35, 161. 4. violenlia: 
 V. violence. 
 
 impetuous : I. Moving rapidly 
 and with violence: 1. rapidus: the 
 i. torrent, r. torrens, Virg. Aen. 2, 305 : 
 Caes. : v. bapid. 2. violentus : into 
 the thick of his foes rushes the i. boar, 
 aper niedios v. fertur in hostes, Ov. Met. 
 8, 3J8: Virg.: v. violent. 3. v6be- 
 mens: v. violent. ||, Basty and 
 vehement of dispoHtimi : 1. acer, 
 
 cris, cre^ v. eager, spirited. 2. fer- 
 vidus, fervens : v. fiery (11.). 
 
 impetuously: rilpide (only of 
 things), violenter, vghementer : v. vio- 
 lently, and comp. violent. Phr.: so 
 I., eo (tanto) impelu, Caes. : v. isi- 
 
 PETnOSITY. 
 
 impetuousness : v. impetuosity. 
 
 impetus: I. Lit-: P'opeUmg 
 
 force : P h r. : to give an i. to the blow, 
 •quo majore vi [atque impetu] ictus 
 adigatur : it gains fresh i. as it goes, 
 'ires acquirit eundo, Virg. Aen. 4, 175 
 (of rumour). ||. Fig.: furtherance, 
 impulse : these circumstances gave an 
 i. to the revolution, *baec omnia vires 
 addiderunt lis qui novis rebus stude- 
 bant 
 
 impiety: 1. impigtas (wrongful 
 conduct toirards parents, country, the 
 gods) : there is nothing which )nal:es 
 394 
 
 meu so V retched as i. and guilt, nihil and xtum, 2 (esp. a-s pass. reji. or with 
 
 est quod tain uii.seros laciat qnam imp prmi. lejl. = to implicate onesejf: foil, 
 
 e*. scelus, Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 66: cf. id. Am. by ad ; also alisol.): should 1 i. myself 
 
 12,42. 2. scelus, eris.M.: v. wicked- in such a design/ ad id consilium ad- 
 
 NEss guilt." Phr.: they hold it to be miscear.' Cic. I'h. 12, 7, 16: do not i. 
 
 an i., netas habent (foil, by inf.), Cic. yourself, no one accuses you, ne te ad- 
 
 iN. 1). 3, 22, 56; fas non pntant, Caes. misce, nemo accusat, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 
 
 B. G. 5, 12: to tend to i., ad solven 
 dam leligionem pertinere, Val. Max. i, 
 
 1, 12. 
 impinge: expr. by impingo, pegi, 
 
 pactum, 3 (witbp/oj!. reJi., or as pass.): 
 or perh. better, iiicido, i, 3 : v. to dash 
 
 AGAINST, fall UPON. 
 
 imtiious: 1. Impius (strictly, mw- 
 dutiful to parents, country, or gods): 
 to be ranked among the i. arjl accuised, 
 nwmero imp. ac ^celel■atornm baberi, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 13 : Cic. : the gods distin- 
 guish betiieen the pious and the i., dii 
 pioium et imp. lationem habent, Cic. 
 .N. D. 2, 7 15: an unjust and i. war, 
 bellura injustum atque imp., Cic. Rep. 
 
 2, 17. 2. neiaiius (stronger tb.in im 
 pins)- v. ABOMINABLE. 3. scelestus, 
 scSleiatus, consceleratus: v. wicked, 
 ACCURSED. 4. profanus: V. profane. 
 
 5. irreligiosus (very rare, except in 
 late Lat.) : v. ikkeligious. (L.iv. has 
 the word = contrary to rdiyiun, 5, 40, 
 fin.) Phr.: it is i., nefas est (loll, by 
 i7tf.), Cic. Sen. ;, i 3 cf. impiety (Jin.). 
 
 impiously: impie, nelarie: Cic. (lor 
 syn. V. nupiors.) 
 
 implacable: 1. implacabllis, e: 
 til be i. toiiara.<! any one, in aliquem 
 imp. esse, Cic. Fam. 10, 3 ; with dat., 
 Liv. 8, !5,./'«. : i- resentments, imp. ira- 
 cundiae, Cic. 2. inexpiabllis, e 
 
 (stronger than preced., and less freq. of 
 persons) : i. hatred, in. odium, Liv. 39, 
 51, med.: to be utterly i. tmiards any 
 one, sese alicui implacabilem in.que 
 praebere, Cic. in i'is. ii,init. 3. 'n- 
 exoiabllis, e (not to be prevailed upon 
 by entreaties) : v. inexorable. 4. 
 pertinax : i. hatred, p. odium, Plin. 24, i, 
 I. 5. pervjcax: against Callisthenes 
 his temper teas more i., in Callisthenem 
 pervicacioris irae tuit, Curt. 8, 6, init. : 
 most i. foes, pervicacissimi hostes, Flor 
 
 1, II: v. obstinate. 6. atrox: v. 
 
 CRUEL, UNRK.LENTING. 
 
 implacably ; implacabniter (v. 
 rave): Tac. Ann. i, 13. Phr.: more i. 
 angry, iracundiae implacabilioris, per- 
 vicacioris: V. IMPLACABLE. 
 
 implant : 1. insero, s6rui, situm, 
 3 (esp. in per/, part.) : that which an in- 
 nate force has i.'d (in the mind) : quod 
 quaedam innata vis iuseruit, Cic Inv. 
 
 2, 53, 161 : the perf. part, is used of that 
 which is either native to the mind or 
 deeply rooted there : cf. Cic. N. I). I, 17, 
 44, insitas deorum vel potius innatas 
 cognitiones habemus. 2. ing6n6ro, i 
 (to engender) : nature i.s affection for 
 offspring, natura ing. amorem in eos qui 
 procreati sunt. Cic. Off. i, 4, 12 : with 
 dat. of person, Cic. Agr. 2, 35, init. : 
 Liv. 3. ingigno, genui, itum, 3 (like 
 preced.) : nature has i.'d in man a de- 
 sire to find truth, natura cupiditatem 
 ingenuil homini veri inveniendi, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 14, 46. Ph r. : to be i.'d (firmly 
 rooted.) ill the mind, in niente inhaerere, 
 Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33. 
 
 implead: litem alicui in tendo, 3: v. 
 
 ACTION (V.). 
 
 implement : 1. instrOmentum 
 
 (usu. as collect., and so equiv. to a 
 plural: it then includes the entire stock 
 or furniture necessary for an occupa- 
 tion) : there is need of so many i.s, 
 tanto opus est instrumento, Cic. Fin. 2, 
 34, III: Cato: also in pi., i.s needed in 
 farming, instrumenta quae ruri neces- 
 "saria sunt. Pall. K. R. i, 4;. 2. only 
 in pi., anna, ornm (in this sense chiefly 
 poet.) : bread-making i.s, Cerealia a., 
 Virg. Aen. i, 177 : cf. id. G. i, 160. 3. 
 ferranientum (an iron tool) : i.s of hus- 
 bandly, agrestia f., Liv. i, 40: a variety 
 of iron i.s (of liusbandry), ferramento- 
 rum varietasj Varr. R. R. I, 22 : Cato: 
 
 V. TCH.IL. 
 
 implicate ; i- e. to involre .• esp. 
 criminally: 1, adTWiSCeo, ui, slum 
 
 22. 2. alligo, I (with p)on. refl., to 
 i. oneself in a chaige ; foil, by gen. or 
 abl.) : to i. oneself in a ime (== plead 
 guilty of it), al. se scelere, Caes. FL 
 17, 41 ; foil, by gen., I'er. Kun. 4, 7, 39: 
 V. Parry ad 1. 3. implico, i, reg.; 
 also ui, itum, i (tu entangle, involve): 
 cf. Cic Verr. 2, 2, 18, 44, ipse te itb- 
 pedies; ipse tu tua delensione impli- 
 cabere (you will get yoursdf into diffi- 
 culties): V. TO INVOLVE. 4, expr. by 
 affinis: v. foil. art. 
 
 implicated iiart. adj.): l. af- 
 finis, is (cunceriied in : with dat.) ; if 
 you imagine but feiv to be i. in this 
 scheme, hiiic facinori si paucos putatis 
 ut. esse. Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 6: l.,iv. Also with 
 gen.: Liv. 2. conscius (a party to: 
 ■Kith gen.): v. pbivy (adj.). 
 
 implication: Phr.: to say a thing 
 by )'., »'0i directly, intelligi velle potius 
 quam dicere, ci. Quint. 6, j. 88: if some- 
 thing bad is to be understood, per sus- 
 piciuneni dicere, yuint. I. c. : there is 
 here something stated by i., *subest his 
 verbis seiisus quidam . v. to imply. 
 Sometimes, esp. in legal lang., tacite = 
 by implication : Nerat. Dig. 20, 2, 4. 
 
 implicit : I. 0pp. to explicit ,- tm- 
 
 plied though not expi essed : tacitus : an 
 i. agreement, t. conventio, Ulp. I)ig. 2o, 
 2, 3: cf Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 140, quae per- 
 spicua bint, taritis exceptionibus caveri. 
 II. Absolute, unconditional : I'hr. : 
 to render i. obedience to any one, *jussa 
 alicujus tideliter [summa observantia] 
 exsequi; imperata obedieiitissime fa- 
 cere (cf. Liv. 21, 34) : to place i. confi- 
 dence in any one, omnem [sumniam] 
 fidem alicui habere, cf. Cic. V'err. 5, 57, 
 Jin.: i. faith (theol.), *fides sincera at- 
 que Integra (?). 
 
 implicitly : I. ^s implied .- tacite : 
 v. IMPLICATION (/i7!.) ||. Absolutely: 
 omni [^umma] obedienlia, observantia, 
 fide, etc. : v. preced. i>rt. (li.). 
 
 implore: 1. imploro.i (to a^peaJ 
 to with tears or earnestly) : very often 
 with another verb: imp. et appellare ; 
 imp. atque obtestari, Cic. Verr. 5, 72, 
 1 88 ; [misericordiam] imp. et exposcere, 
 Cic. Mil. 34, init. A verbal clause fol- 
 lowing must be introduced by ut, ne : cf. 
 Caes. B. G. 1, 51. 2. posco, exposco, 
 poposci, 3 (the latter more emphatic ; to 
 ask urgently) : to i. victory of the Gods, 
 victoriam ab Divis ex., Caes. B. C. 2, 5 : 
 Cic: V. supr. (Posco rarely in this 
 sense : v. to beg, 1., 5). 3. oro, i (to 
 beg, entreat: scarcely so strong as the 
 Eng.) : Join: orare atque obsecrare, 
 Cic Verr. 2, 2, 17, 42; rogare atque 
 orare, ib. } 96 ; orare et obtestari, Cic 
 PL extr. 4. obsecro, i : v. to en- 
 treat. See also to beg, beseech. 
 
 imploring (fart- a^y)- Phr.: with 
 i. looks, *eo babitu oris quo quis opem 
 implorare possit ; quasi obsecrantis 
 
 VUltU: V. T<J IMPLORE. 
 
 imploring (subs.): imploratio, ob> 
 tesliitio, obsecriitio : Cic. 
 
 imploringly: 'implorantis atque 
 obtestantis modo: v. to implore. 
 
 imply : 1. expr. by intelligo, exi, 
 ectum, 3 (to mean) : uhat is nut actu- 
 ally said is i.'d, intelligitur quod non 
 dicitur, Quint. 6, 3, 88 : the direct oppo- 
 site of vluit is said is i.'d, contraria di- 
 cuntur lis quae intelligi (debeni), Quint, 
 8, 6, ;6 : if you did not say it you i.'d 
 it, *si minus ea verbis dixisti, attamen 
 intelligi voluisli. 2. habeo, 2 (to in- 
 volre in it ; to include the notion of), 
 avarice i.s the love of money, avaritia 
 pecuniae studium b.. Sail. Cat. 11 : that 
 course seems to i. (or involve) unfair 
 ness, h. videtur ista res iniquitatem, Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 4, 7 : what is i.'d in the nature of 
 the case, id quod res habet. Sail. Cat. 51, 
 med. 3. expr. by insum, subsum (t» 
 be involved or imjilied in) : in .n'/>er-
 
 IMPOLITE 
 
 IMPORTUNE 
 
 IMPOVERISH 
 
 stition ix i.'d an idle fear of the go'li, in j 
 superslitiotie inest iiianis limor deorimi, | 
 Cic. N. D. I, ^2. 11"; (also foil, by dat.): 
 even thoitgk im refeinblanve be i.'d, \ 
 ettamsi nulla subs' i siniiliiudo. ynint. | 
 6, i. 54 iy- TO usDKKi.iK) ^M.•(! also isi- 
 
 PLICATION, IMPLICrT (I.). 
 
 impolite : 1. inuibanus {ii-ithimt 
 refivenieiil) : so i. and alnuift Ixiorinh, 
 tam in. ac paene inhmnanus, Cic. de Or 
 2, 90, }65: Hor. : Quint. 2. '"e- 
 pidus: V. iNKLKGANT. 3, Inhuniapus 
 (unciril, difobliying) : v. uncolbteoi-.s. 
 4, rusitcus (c/Mntrified) : v. awk- 
 ward. Si-e also BfDi-:. bookish. 
 
 impolitely : inurbane, inhumane, 
 rustice : C)C. (for syn. v. preced. art.). 
 
 impoliteness : Tnliumaniias, rus- 
 tlcitas : li>r syn. v. imimi.itk. 
 
 impolicy: iuconsulta ratio: v. foil, 
 art 
 
 impolitic: inconsulms: to censure 
 the i. (or imjirudriit) course of an;/ one, 
 aliculus inc. raiioni-m vitnperare, Cic. 
 Rab. Post. I . I : I'l. ■ Liv. I' h r. : is not 
 this eatrnroly i., *iionii(' haec sunt in- 
 consuUis?inii' a(;entiuni.> (cl. l,.G. 5658, 
 tJbg. 2) : a must la.v/i and i. person, *vir 
 tenienirius niinimiqiie consilii ; vlr mi- 
 nime providus; incauiissimus : v. im- 
 
 PRUDKNT. 
 
 imponderable : ponderis expers .- 
 sini' pond ir, Ov. : v. without. 
 
 import (''■) I. ''o bring into a 
 
 coiintri/ : 1. importo, i : to i. wine, 
 calLlr, viuum, Junienia imp., Caes. B. (J. 
 4, 2 : Varr. 2. inveho, xi, ciuni, ? : 
 to i. firri-ign mercliandise, peregrinas 
 merces inv., I'lin. i^. i, 8, ^ 24. ||, 
 Tb concern: e.\pr. by inicnst. rcfert : v. 
 IMPORTANCK (1.. I'hr.). |||. To mean : 
 
 V6l0: V. TO MI-.AN. 
 
 import (•-''''«•): I. Meaning: sig- 
 nincatio; V. siHASrsr, (or i-.xpr. by sig- 
 nlflro: V. TO mkan). ||. Chiefiy in 
 pi., imported iioods : merces iniporiati- 
 ciae; quae imputantur: v. imported 
 {adj.); TO IMPORT. 
 
 importance : I. Of things; weight, 
 am'xrnmi'nt : 1. momentum {that 
 which iriclinfs things one nai/ or the 
 otiier): to be of gnat i. (to a particular 
 
 object) : magno m. {dot.) esse ad 
 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 26, •}•] : or gen., Cic. Fin. 4, 
 l-). 4"7: also, absol., to think a thing of 
 small i.. aliqiiid lev! momento aesti- 
 mare. Cae.s. B. G. 7, jg. 2. pondiis, 
 eris, n. {wnght) : to be of i., p. habere, 
 Cic. : to make trifles of too much i., nugis 
 addere p.. Hor. Kp. i, 9, 42 : often joined 
 with m )mt-ntum : to be of very great i., 
 maximi esse momenti et p., Cic. Vat. 4, 
 init. 3. discrinien, inis, 11. {aitical 
 i.) : I shall not make of much i., baud 
 in magno d. ponani, Liv. pref. med.: 
 measures of the highest i.. consiliu magni 
 d., Liv. ji, J2. 4, pr6lium (of that 
 which anstoers a purpose) : it teas of i. 
 to Germonicus, Gernianico p. fiiil, Tac. 
 Ann. I, 57 (where p. op.rae [curae, Plin. 
 Kp.] would have been the more usual 
 expr. : cf Liv. pref., faclurusne operae 
 p. Sim, ivhether the end is of sufficient i. 
 to repay Vie labour). 5. ciiput, itis, 
 n. {thai which is of primary i.) : free- 
 dom from (are is of the very first i. for 
 agoijd life, c. est ad bene vivendnm se- 
 curitas, Cic. Am. IJ, 45. 6. expr. of 
 importance by adj. : gravis, amplus, 
 etc. : V. IMPORTANT. Ph r. ; to be of i. : 
 (1.) refert, tulit, j, irr. {impers.): of 
 wliat i. is it/ quid refert? the person 
 to wliom, expr. by possess, pnons. meS, 
 t«&, etc. {to me, to you, etc.), and gen. of 
 a subs. (L. <i. J 28:): "i* degree of i. is 
 expr. by the genitives tanti, quanti, 
 etc.; by the neuters multum. tantuni, 
 quantum, etc. ; also by the adverbs 
 magnopore, vehementer, etc. (N.B. — 
 The gen. of a subs, is rare with refert.) 
 (2.) interest, fuit {impers.) : same constr. 
 as preced. : v. L. G. I.e. (3.) conducit. 
 xil, } (it is of advantage: usu. with 
 dot.): V. To CONDDCK. (4.) 6pus est: 
 V. KhXE-ssAKV. ||. Of persons or bodies 
 of men ; influence, consideration . 1. 
 8Lmp\ilado{distinguishedandi7ilhiential 
 position) : highest i. {or distinction). 
 
 snnima a., Cic. Br. 81. 281. Join: am- | 
 pliiudo ac dignitas [civiiaiis], Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 29, 164; nobililas et a, Cic. K. 
 Am. 1. }. 2. digiiiias (esp. of a per- 
 sonal nature): v. dig.mtv. 3. P""" 
 dus, eris, v. {vxighl): people of 1., qui 
 p habent, Cic. Att. 11, 6, o-i init. 4. 
 auitoritus: v. inki.iikxck. 5. graviias 
 (weight, consideration : rare ia this 
 sense): extent and i. if a people, ampli- 
 tudo gravitasque clvlialis, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 J. 6. expr. of imp'irlano: by gravis, 
 amplus, etc.: v. important, influen- 
 tial. I'h r. : to be a person of yieat i., 
 plurinium polleic, Cic. (v wkkjht, in- 
 KLUENfE); more familiarly, esse ali- 
 quid, Plin. I'.p i, 2?, 2: .Juv. : to say 
 something of i., dicere aliquid, Cic. Tu.vc. 
 I, 10, 20: so, to deem anything of no 
 I., aliquid nihil putaie, Cic. Sexu 5}, 
 114: I'l be of great i., magni esse (v. im- 
 portant, 2): 0/ little i., Ifivis (\. unim- 
 portant): to d>em oneself a persim of 
 so much I., tantum sibi sumere, ancgare, 
 Cic. PI. I. } to make out a thing to be 
 of more i. than it is. aliquid amplificare 
 atquc augere (v. to exaggerate): 
 to derm anything <f the first i., aliquid 
 antiquissinium (pfimum) pulare (v. im- 
 portant, 3) : to as.^ign the p ace if i. to 
 anything, allcui rei primas (partes) dare, 
 Cic. de Or 5, ?6, 21 J. 
 
 important : I. Of things; weighty, 
 seriou.< : 1. gravis (grave, iceighty) : 
 i. and serious matters, res gr. seriaeque, 
 
 Cic. Off. I, 29, 10} • v. WEIGHT!. 2. 
 
 magiius (most gen. expr. great in any 
 ti'ay) : on i. business, magnis de rebus, 
 Uor. S. I, 5, 28: Cic: Liv.: with some 
 verbs, as esse, facere, the gen. in^'gni 
 may be used (L. G i 281) to be very i., 
 magni (maximi) esse. Ant. in Cic. Att. 
 10, 8 : to deem very i., magni facere, ex- 
 isiimare, Cic. Simly, so. hinv i., may be 
 expr. by tantiis, quantus (tanii, (luaiiti), 
 cf. Cic " Horn. I. c. 3. antiquus (only 
 in comp. and superl. . of that which takes 
 the pi ecedrvce if other things) : nor did 
 
 I deem anything more i. than 
 
 nee quicquam habui aiitiquins qiiam ul, 
 etc., Cic. Kani. 11, 5: deeming it of the 
 very highest i., longe anti(juissimum 
 ratiis, Liv. 1, }2, arf init. Join: neque 
 prius, neque aiitiquius, Veil. 2, 52, 4. 
 4. prior, primus {more, most i.) : 
 the things which men deem most i., quae 
 moriales prima ducunt. Sail. Cat. 57 : 
 what was the most i. thing in oratory, 
 quid in dicendo esset primum.Cic deOr. 
 J, 56. 21 5 : V. supr. (3). 5. expr. by 
 momentum, with ai^'. of quantity: very 
 i., maptii (maximi) momenti, Cic: v. 
 IMPORTANCE (1., 1). ||. Of persons or 
 bodies of men ; possessed of weight and 
 influence: 1. amplus {cimsiderable 
 in respi-ct of extent, influence) : an i. 
 and flourishing state, civitas a. atque 
 florens, Caes. B. G. 4, } : v. distin- 
 GUisiiKD. 2. gravis : an i. and wealthy 
 city, g. atque opulenta civitas, Liv. J4, 
 
 17, (X(/-. : V. INFLUENTIAL. 
 
 imported {part, and a4j.): 1. 
 importaius- Oiey use i. copper, aere 
 utuntur i., (3aes B. G. 5, 12: ib. 4. 2. 
 2. invectus (always part.) : a pre- 
 cious stime i. from A'thiopia, gemma ex 
 Aethiopla i., Vlin. 5, 5, 5. 3. impor 
 taticius (indicating that ichich is an ar- 
 ticle of commerce: rare): r. co)-»i, fru- 
 nientum imp , Hirt. B. Afr. 20. 4. 
 invecticius (liUe preced.): cf. Sen. Ep. 
 
 importer; qui merces (peregrinas) 
 invehit : v. to impost. 
 
 importunate: I'hr.: an i. person, 
 fiagitator molestus ; assiduus et acer, 
 Cic Br. 5, 18. Also fiagitator itself may 
 be used as adj. : cl. L. O. ^ jqS. Some- 
 times improbus (.s/iani' tesl may serve 
 cf. Quint. II. ?, 160, perfricaro laciem et 
 quasi imjrroliam facere. (N.B. — By no 
 means impoitunus: v, I.at. liict. s. v.) 
 
 importune: flaglto, 1 Uo demand 
 energetically) : cf. Cic Fam. 9, 8, init.. 
 metuo ne te forte flagitmt. ego autem 
 mandavi ul rogarent. .loin: implo- 
 rare et flagitarc, Cic. P.ab. perd. i, 9. 
 See also to beg. 
 
 importunity : assiduitas in roeandc 
 ?. flagilaiido: v. imi-oRTUsatk. Vulg. 
 Luc. XI. 8, has improbitas, I. e. shame 
 lessness : v. preied. art. • cf Hor. Ep. i, 
 9. 11, frontis ad iirlianae (= perlriciaej 
 descend! praemia [de r(.gando_|. 
 
 impose: I. I'rans. : 10 appoint 
 to or fin- : 1. impono. i>6>ui. Itum. } : 
 Caesar has i.d upon me litis duly, 
 partes mihi has('a< i-ar impo.iuit. Ant in 
 Cic. All. ii', 10: Cic. 2. injungo, j: 
 
 V. TO enjoin. 3. SlStllO, } : V. TO FIX, 
 
 APPOINT. II. To practise fraud Upon: 
 1. impono, jKlsiii, Itum, j (with 
 dat. of person: some such word as 
 fraudem b<ing perh. understood, to play 
 off a trick upon any one: cf. Cic Q. Fr. 
 2, 6, med., Catoni c-gregie imposu't Mllo 
 noster) . those on n hom luxury i.» under 
 the matk of liberality, quibus luxuria 
 specie liljeralitatis lnip<jnii, Tac H. i, 
 jo: Plin. (not exactly thus in best 
 authors). 2. decipio, j : v. to de- 
 ceive. Phr. • to i. upon atiy rme's for- 
 bearance, patientia alicujus abuti, Cic. 
 Cat. I, I, 1)1 17.: V. to ABrsE. 
 
 imposing (adj.) : P b r. : an 1. spec- 
 tacle, spectacuium magnificuni, Liv. 10, 
 40, Jin. : with i. effect, egregia specie, 
 Tac Agr. 2;. 
 
 imposition : I. The act of plac- 
 ing upon : e.\pr. by impouo : v. to 
 PLACE upon; impose. II. Fraud: 
 
 praestlgiae, tallacia, fiaus: v. decep- 
 tion. 
 
 impossibility: imposslbllltai; (late 
 and unclass. : only to l.ie used in phil. 
 sense, if at all): Apul. : Tert Usu. 
 better expr. by fieri non posse: v. poe- 
 SIBILITV. Phr. to attempt is, insupe- 
 rahllii.us vim addere, IJv. }8, 20 (where 
 the ref. is to obstacles of ground): im- 
 possibilia aggredi Quint 5, i?, 54: to 
 desire i.s, plnr.i [majora] roncupisccre 
 quam qiiis efficere possit, Nep. Con. 5. 
 
 impossible : 1. impos>ibiiis, e 
 (late, and 10 be used only in phil. sense, 
 if at all): Quint, (v. preced. &n. fin.): 
 just. : Lact. 2. infei tus (rare in this 
 sense 1: nothing i. to Hetellus, nil inf. 
 Metello, Sail. Jug. 76, init. 3. usu. 
 better expr. by tii ri s. efRci iH^n fMisse : v. 
 possible; able, to be. (N.B —Some- 
 times, when foil, by an inf., may be 
 expr. by a verbal adj. : i. to be irossed 
 over, insuperabills, Liv.: i. to betaken, 
 inexpugnabilis, Cic: Liv.: v. impass- 
 able, IMPREGNABLE, etc.) 
 
 impost: tributum: v. TAX. 
 
 impostor : 1. planus (strictly, 
 o strolling player of tricks: hence, a 
 deceiver): cf. Hor. I, 17, 59 (Cic. Clu. 
 26, 72, has the word := vagabond) : Aug. 
 
 2 impostor (late) : Ulp I 'ig. li. I, 
 4. { 2 :" Hier. Ep. j8, fin. 3. expr. by 
 circuml., ad fallendum, ad fallacias pa- 
 ratus, instructus (Kr.). 
 
 imposture : 1. praestlgiae (jtricUy, 
 jugglerif): that kind nj i. and iJUceplxon 
 {astrolog</).\'i pr. atcjiie ofTuciarum genus, 
 Gell. 14, I, init: cf. I'l. Capt ?, J, 9: v. 
 TRICK. 2. fallacia: v. deception. 
 
 3 impostura (late and very rare) : 
 Treb. Gall. 12 : Ulp. Iiig. 
 
 impotence <. I. ""n' of strength 
 impotency * or power: Imbecilliias, 
 infirmitiii . v.weaknk:ss. ||. hiabdity 
 to beget: sierilitas: Plin. 25. 7, }} Dip. 
 Dig. 28, 2, 6. III. Vngovernablf. pas- 
 sion : ImpOtentia (ordinary use of this 
 word): Cic; Veil.: Suet 
 
 impotent: I. lacking strength 
 or po"er: iml>ecillus.inhrmus: v. weak, 
 INFIRM. II. n'ithout generative power : 
 1. spado, onis, m. : those naturally 
 I., natura spadones, Ulp. Dig. 5°. '<>. 
 128: cf. ib. 2;. J, ;9. i 2. 2. expr. 
 by circuml., qui generare non r>otest 
 Ulp. nig. 28, 2, 6; qui liberos creare 
 non potest ; qui virilitaie caret Forcell. 
 Ill fnijovernably passionate: \m- 
 
 pOlens . V UNCOVERNABLE. 
 
 impotently : imbeciiie : v. fekblt. 
 impound : perh. in seplo includere : 
 
 V. TO SHUT UP. 
 
 impoverish : I. To reduce to po- 
 verty: cxhaurio, si, stum, 4: to be i.'d 
 {"drained ") hy expenditure, sumptu ex- 
 
 595
 
 IMPOVERISH KD 
 
 IMPROrERl,r 
 
 IMPRUDENT 
 
 bauriri, Cic. Q. Fr. I, l, 2; to i. allies by 
 lei^ying supplus, socios commeatibuii 
 praeljendis ex., Liv. 57, 19 : to i. an heir 
 by legiicies, heredem legatis ex., Pli". 
 Ep. 5. I, 9. Phr.: his father's death 
 riot merely put him in mourning but i.'d 
 him, cui non modo luctum mors patris 
 attulit, verum etiam egestatem Qes-s 
 strong, paupertatem, inopiam], Cic. R. 
 Am. 5, I J. II. To exhaust stretigth; 
 »s of land, etc. : emacio. i : to be dried 
 Up and i.'d (by certain crops), peruri ei 
 emaciari. Col. 2, 14, init. 
 impoverished {part, adj.) -. egens : 
 
 T. DESTITUTE. 
 
 impoverishment: expr. by verb: 
 
 V. TO IMPOVERISH. 
 
 impracticable: expr. by fieri non 
 
 posse: V. PKACTIC.4.BLE. An 1. 7'oute, 
 via insuperabilis, Liv. 21, j6. See also 
 
 rNTBACTABLE. 
 
 imprecate : 1. prficor, i (in good 
 or bad sen^e): to i. eril upon any one, 
 mala alicui pr., Cic. in Pis. 19, init.: 
 where the object does not fix the sense, 
 male is added, ib. 14, fin. 2. i™- 
 prgcor, I (not in Cic.) : to i. curses upoti 
 any one, diras alicui imp., Plin. 8, 7, 7 : 
 Virg. : Mart. 3. exsecror, i (to curse) : 
 Thyestes i.'s upon Atreus that he may 
 perish by shipwreck, exs. Thyestes, ut 
 naufragio pereat Atreus, Cic. Tusc. i, 44, 
 1 07 : i.ing curses on his own head for 
 not having marched his troops to Borne, 
 in se ac suum caput exsecratus quod 
 non militem Pvomam duxisset. Liv. jo, 
 20, fn. : Sail. : v. to execrate, curse. 
 4. tristibus (infaustis, funestis) 
 ominib'us prospquor (with ref. to one who 
 goes on an expedition): Cic. In Pis. u, 
 extr. 
 
 imprecation: 1. preces, um, /. : 
 
 to heap the direst is upon any one, om- 
 nibus pr. detestari aliquem, Cic. B. G. 6, 
 ji : Ov. : Hor. 2. imprficatio (rare) : 
 to heap fearful i.s upon any one. [exse- 
 crari aliquem et] caput dira imp. de- 
 figere. Sen. Ben. 6, J5 : Plin. 3. ex- 
 secratio : to go forth amidst i.s, [malis 
 ominibus atque] ex'^ecrationibus exire, 
 ac. Sext. jj, 71 : Tac. : v. execration. 
 4. dirae : v. C0RSE. Comp. pieced, 
 art. (2!). 
 
 imprecatory: expr. by verb: i sa?/- 
 ings, exsecrantium verba (cf. L. U. $ 058, 
 Obs. 2). 
 
 impregnable: 1. inexpugnabiiis, 
 
 e: a i. citadel, arx in., Liv. 2, 7, med. 
 Cic. Join: tutus, inexpugnabiiis, 
 septus atque munitus, Cic. Tusc. ;, 14, 
 41 [fig.]. 2. tuWs : cf. Cic. Man. 11. 
 ;i, quis locus tarn firmum habiiit prae- 
 sidium ut tutus esset .' cf. supr. (2). 3. 
 bene munitus : Lucr. 2, 7. The superl. 
 munitissimus also occurs: Caes. 
 
 impregnably : 'ita ut expugnari 
 non possit, inexpugnabiiis sit. 
 
 impregnate : I. 'J'o make preg- 
 nant : praegnantem «. gravidam tacere ; 
 V. PREGNANT. (Cic. has p. part, gravi- 
 data [terra], N. D. 2, ?J, B?: but the 
 verb is extremely rare.) ||. To render 
 prolific: fecundo, 1: v. to fertilize. 
 III. To infuse into: nearest words 
 perh. injicio, immitto, alfero, etc. : v. 
 TO inspire. 
 
 impregnated: gravidus,gravidatus: 
 
 V. PREGNANT. 
 
 impregnation: perh. *fecundatio. 
 impress : I. ''<> !"■««« "/""' ■ ™- 
 
 primo, essi, essum. J : to t. a seal ni 
 wax, sigillum in cera imp., Cic. Ac. 2, 
 26, extr. : to i. the lip of the cupping- 
 glass upon the body, os cucurbitulae cor- 
 pori imp., Cels. 2, 1 1. See also to press. 
 II. To urge upon tfie mind : inculco, 
 I (implying reiteration): to teach, or 
 rather, i. upon the mind, tradere, vel 
 etiam inc. Cic. de Or. I, 28, 127 : to i. a 
 thing upon any one's memory, aliquid 
 memoriae alicujus inc., Quint. 6, 4, i. 
 (Not imprimo in this sense.) |||. To 
 produce an effect upon the mind: mo- 
 veo, movi, turn, 2 (to influence) : Cic. : 
 Liv.: V. impression (II.). Stronger is 
 permoveo, Cic: Caes. Phr.: thi 
 
 Jug. \i,fin. IV. To compel to enter 
 the public service : aliquem invitum 
 scribo, Sacramento adigo, etc. : v. TO en- 
 list. Or perh. conquiro, cf. Liv. 2J, }1, 
 fin., conquisilionem militum habere. 
 
 impressible: qui facile movetur, 
 coramovetur v. to impress (III.). 
 
 impression: I. The act of press- 
 ing anything on : impressio : Cic. Ac. 2, 
 18, ;8. Or expr. by imprimo: v. to 
 impress (1.). II, That which is pro- 
 duced by the act : impressio, cf. Cic. 1. c. : 
 the i.s of coins, impressiones nummoruni, 
 Aug. Ill, Effect produced upon troops 
 by attack : Phr.: when they made, no i.. 
 postquam nihil commovebant, Liv. jo, 1 8, 
 init. ; cf. infr., (hostem) turbare ac statu 
 movere : no i. was made on eitlier line, 
 ita conflixerunt ut in neutram partem 
 inclinarent acies, Liv. 7, jj. |V. Al/fe^* 
 produced upon the mind : expr. by mo- 
 veo, commSveo, permoveo, 2 : the con- 
 sul's speech had produced an i. upon the 
 commons, moverat plebem oraiio con- 
 sulis, Liv. J, 20, init. : to produce an i. 
 upon the bench, mentem Judicum perm., 
 Cic. Or. J8, init. : v. to influence, ex- 
 cite : cf. TO impress (III.). V. ^" 
 
 indistinct idea: Phr.: to have an i. 
 that suspicari (?) : cf. Cic. Br. 
 
 14, 15- 
 
 impressive : peA. gravis, cf. Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 56, 227, nee apud populum gra- 
 vior oratio, but the term denotes esp. 
 dignity, elevation of tone, cf. ib. $ 228, 
 omnium gravissimus et salsissimus : to 
 be more i. (of a speech), plus habere mo- 
 menti. Quint. 1 1, J, 5- P h r. : i. p^-oofs, 
 magna documenta, cf. Nagels. p. J22 : he 
 was an i. speaker, *plurinnim valebat 
 ad mentes audientium dicendo permo- 
 vendas ; prae aliis suadendo poUebat. 
 
 impressively : gravlter (idth weight 
 and dignity): Cic. Sen. 6, 16. 
 
 impressiveness : gravitas: cf. Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 17. 72, omnium sententiarum 
 gravitate, omnium verborum ponderibus 
 est utendum. 
 
 imprint: imprimo, pressi, ssum, J: 
 to i. a mark on a person's lips nith the 
 teeth, imp. dente notam labris, Hor. Od. 
 3, ij, i; : to be i.'d upon the mind, in 
 animum imprimi, Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 58: v. 
 to impress. 
 
 imprison: I. Lit.: 1. expr. 
 by career, eris, m., and a verb : in car- 
 cereni conjicere, Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 72; 
 condere, ib. 29, extr.; ducere (to lead 
 airay to prison), ib. jo, med.: carcere 
 includere. Curt. 8, 7, med. 2. so by 
 vincula, orum : in vincula conjicere, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 27; ducere (v. supr.), 
 Liv. 5, 9; abripere (xvith haste), Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 10, fin. 3. so by custodia : 
 V. foil. art. II. Fig.: to confine : in- 
 cludo, si, sura, j : while we are i.'d in this 
 bodily frame, dum sumus in his Inclusi 
 corporis compagibus, Cic. Sen. 21, 77. 
 
 imprisonment: expr. by vincula, 
 
 less freq. career (cf. to imprison): to 
 consign to perpetual gloom, and i., aeter- 
 nis tenebris vinculisque mandare, Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 5, fin. : to be kept in i., in \-in- 
 culis haberi. Sail. Cat. 51, extr. : cf. 
 Verr. 4, 24, 59, mitto vincula, mitto 
 carcerem, etc. : after one's release from 
 i., emissus e carcere, cf. Cic. PI. 12, fm. : 
 also sometimes custodia (often of a more 
 lenient kind): to consign to i., in c. 
 tradere, Cic. Q. Fr. i, 2, 4 ; dare, id. Verr. 
 5. 27, 69- 
 
 improbability: expr. by adj.: v. 
 foil. art. Phr.: there is extreme i. 
 about the story, * minima vel potlus 
 nulla omnino rei verisimilitudo est : v. 
 probability. 
 
 improbable: minime, parum, baud 
 verisimilis : v. probable. 
 
 improbably: baud verislmiliter: v. 
 probably. 
 
 impromptu: *versus ex tempore 
 facti (Kr.): v. extempore. Phr.: to 
 produce an i,, versiculos de aliqua re ex 
 tempore fundere, cf. Cic. de Or. j, ;o, 194. 
 
 improper : indecorus, qui (quae, 
 quod) minime deoet : v. unbecoming. 
 
 improperly : indgcore ; perpgram, 
 
 s re- 
 nark very deeply i.'d him, qiwd verbum 
 
 n pectus (ejus) alte descendit, cf. Sail. I prave : v. unbecomingly, wrongly. 
 396 I 
 
 impropriate : *in privates usus con- 
 
 verto ; or perh. alieno, I : v. to 
 
 ALIEN.ATE. 
 
 impropriator : *qui fundos ecciesi- 
 
 asticos possidet. 
 
 impropriation: *alienatio (agrl s. 
 fundi ecclesiastici). 
 
 impropriety : q"od indecorum est, 
 quod non decet: v. unbecoming. 
 
 improve: I, To make better : 1, 
 expr. by uielior, with a verb: if time i.s 
 poetry as it does wine, si meliora dies ut 
 vina poemata reddit, Hor. Kp. 2, I, J4: 
 a Fhrygian is i.'d by beating (prov.), 
 Phryx plagis fieri solet m., Cic. Fl. 27, 
 65. 2. emendo, i (implying the ex- 
 istence of actual fault, to be removed) : 
 a stale is mostly i.d and corrected by the 
 integrity of its leading men, solet civitas 
 emendari et corrigi continentia princi- 
 pum, Cic. Leg. 3, i j, }o : to i. one soil by 
 means of another, terram terra e., Plin. 
 i". 5. 1, $4>: Hor. 3. excolo, ul, 
 ultum, J (by cuUivation. and care) : 
 (Cicero) was the fust to i. oratory, pri- 
 mus excoluit orationem. Dial. Or. 22 : 
 let us yield ourselves up to philosophy to 
 i., demus nos philosophiae excolendos, 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, extr. 4. corrigo, j : v. 
 TO correct. 5. mitigo, i (by taking 
 away nildness of any kind): to enrich 
 and i. land, agros laetiticare et m., Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 50, 130. II. To take advan- 
 tage of: utor, Usus, J (with abl.) : v. to 
 USE. Ill, Intr. : to become better: 
 1. melior f io, ftictus, irr. : v. supr. 
 (I., init.). 2, proficio, teci, fectum, 
 i (in study) : Sen. Ep. 108, i : see also 
 
 IMPROVEMENT (H.). 
 
 improvement : I. fhe act : expr. 
 by verb: v. preced. art. (I.). Phr: to 
 study philosophy with a view to self -i., 
 philosophiam in suum remedium exer- 
 cere, Sen. Ep. iij, i. ||. Progress 
 made : profectus, us : according as each. 
 pupil seemed to be malcing the most i., 
 ut quisque praecedere profectu vide- 
 batur, Quint, i , 2, 2J : Sen. To make i., 
 proficere : v. TO improve (fin.). 
 
 improvidence: no single word: as 
 gen. term, inconsidorantia (rare), im- 
 prudentia may serve : v. thoughtlf.ss- 
 NESS. Phr.: many have been brought 
 to beggary through i., *multi dum rei 
 famili:iTi parum prospiciunt ad eges- 
 tiitem addncti sunt: many evils result 
 from !., *futuri improvidos multa occu- 
 pant mala. 
 
 improvident : imprOvidus (not look- 
 ing forward to the future): i. and care- 
 less generals, 1. et negligentcs duces, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 20 : Virg. Also parum s. minime 
 providus: v. provident. To be i., pa- 
 rum s. minus providere, prospicere (w'th 
 dat. of object on behalf of which) : 
 
 PRO\IUE. 
 
 improvidently : impro\-ide: Li%.: 
 Col. 
 imprudence : 1. inconsuita ratio 
 
 (not abstr., but denoting a certain course 
 of conduct): cf. Cic. Kab. Post, i, i, 
 illam sive inanem spera, sive inconsul- 
 tam r., sive (gravissimo verbo utar) te- 
 meritatem: cf. PI. Mil. j, i, 6, nam 
 bene consultum incoitsultum est si . . ., 
 prudence is i., if, etc. 2. temgritas 
 (stronger than Eng. [comp. preced. ex.], 
 but ust'd of all thoughtless and incon- 
 siderate conduct) : i. and incapacity (of 
 generals), t. atque inscitia, Liv. 6, 30, 
 med. : cf. Cic. Marc. 2, extr., where it is 
 opp. to sapientia ; also de Sen. 6, extr., 
 where it is opp. to prudentia: v. rash- 
 ness. 3. expr. by consilium, with a 
 negative word : to be characterized by i., 
 c. et ratione defici, Cic. Clu. 65, 184: 
 xvhat i. ! *0 hominem coiisilii inopem «. 
 expertem ! cf. prudence. (N.B.— Not 
 imprudentia in exactly this sense: which 
 in Cic.^ i^orance, lack of intention , in 
 Nep. also, lack of experience and skill.) 
 imprudent : 1. inconsultus (loch- 
 ing due consideration) : Cic. : Liv. : v. 
 preced. art. (1). 2. con.sllii inops, 
 expers; qui consilio deficitur: v. pru- 
 dence. 3. t6m6rarius : v. bash. (Not 
 imprudens in thi* sense : v. preced. arfc 
 I Jin.)
 
 IMP RDDENTLY 
 
 r W 
 
 IN A O EQUATE 
 
 imprudently : 1. inconsulte : a 
 
 battle began iricautimiily and t., proe- 
 lium incaut« i.que commlssuoi, Liv. 4, 
 i"]: Caes. 2. tSmere: v. rashly. 
 
 impudence: 1, ImpudeutiaCs/iaTn^- 
 JessTie,'*) .- Clc. : Caes. 2. expr. by os, 
 oris, n. ("/ace ") v. effeo.mebv. (For 
 this, urbana [= perfrictaj frons occurs, 
 Ilor. Ep. I, 9, n.) See also wastos- 
 
 NESS, rKRTNESS. 
 
 impudent : 1. ImpMens, ntis : 
 
 V. SHAMELKiS. 2. impudiCUS : V. US- 
 
 CHASTE, IMPUEE. i'lir. : an i.. auda- 
 cious lad, duri puer oris et audax, Ov. 
 Met. 5, 451. See a!»o pert, wanto.n. 
 
 impudently : inipudenter : to lie 
 most i., inipudentissiuie mentiri, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 7, 16: v. shamelessly. See 
 
 also PEKTLV, WANTONLV. 
 
 impugn : 1. impugno, i : to i. an 
 opinion, seiitentiam i., Tac. H. 4, 8. 
 Quint. ; V. TO ASSAIL. 2. coiivello, 1, 
 vulsuni, } (to upset, or try to do so) : 
 test I should seem to i. the proceedings of 
 DolabtUa, ne acta Dolabellae c. videar, 
 Cic. Pb. 2, ?j, 8}. Join: infirmare ac 
 oonvellere, Cic. Caec. 18, 51. 3. "'- 
 firmo, I : V. TO INVALIDATE. Fb r. : to 
 i. any un^s statements, contra aliquem 
 dicere, Cic N. [). i, 2, 4. 
 
 impugner: *qui impugnat, etc.: V. 
 
 TO rMPUGN. 
 
 impulse : I. f^ce communicated : 
 1. impiilsus, ns: to tie moved by 
 external i., alieno imp. moveri, Cic. N. D. 
 2, 12, }2. 2. pulsus, us: used syn. 
 witb impulsus, Cic. 1. c. ; Gell. 3. 
 impulsio: s(Ane violent i., aliqua vebe- 
 mens imp., Cic. Tim. 5, fin. ||. A 
 (sudden) motion of mind: 1. im- 
 petus, iis: roused by a sudden i. of mind, 
 repeniino quodam imp. animi incitatus, 
 Cic. Off. I, 15, 49: (to do anything) 
 under an i. of passion, impetu et ira, 
 Tac. 6. 25 : to be led not by mere i., but 
 by deliberate design, non imp. quodam 
 sed consilio trahi, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 9. 2. 
 impulsio (a more pbilos. teiTU : rare) ; 
 of. Cic. Inv. 2, 5, 17, impulsio est quae 
 sine cogitatione per quandam affectionem 
 animi aliquid fiicere bortatur. 3. >ii- 
 stinctus, lis (usu. of divine action upon 
 the mind) ,- v. isstigation, inspiration. 
 
 impulsive : *<iui omnia impetu quo- 
 dam animi, non consilio facit : cf. pieced, 
 art. (U.). 
 
 impulsively : impetu quodam animi : 
 V. 1J1PU1.SF. (U.). 
 
 impunity : impiinitas : i. in wrong- 
 doing, imp. peccandi s. peccatorum, Cic. : 
 Caes. With i., impiinc : to do anything 
 with i., aliquid imp. facere, Cic. : Caes. : 
 also, imp. ferre ("to get off" with i.), 
 Cic. Fam. i;, 77. 
 
 impure : 1. impSrus (most geu. 
 term ; comprising all moral p^dlution) : 
 an i. »titi<Z, animus imp.. Sail. Cat. ij; 
 Cic. Join: impudcns, impurus, in- 
 verecundissimus, I'l. Rud. j, 2, ;8; im- 
 purus impudicusque, Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 2 j. 
 2. incesius (esp.. but not solely, 
 witb ref. to sexual pollution) ; to assail 
 with i. mouOi, inc. ore lacerare, Cic. Ph. 
 11,2,5: Ov. : Hor. : v. ttnchaste. 3. 
 contamiuatus: v. polluted. 4. spur- 
 cus, foedus : V. FOCL, FLLTBY. See also 
 obscene. 
 
 impurely : 1. tmpiire : to live i. 
 and scandalously, imp. atque flagitiose 
 vivere, Cic. 2. inceste : Lucr. : Liv. 
 (N.B.— For syn. v. preced. art.) 
 
 impurity : 1, impiiritas (rare) : 
 to ent/age in every kind of i., omnes imp. 
 suscipere, Cic. Pb. 2, }, 6. 2. in- 
 
 cpstus, is and -um, i : v. rscHASTESESS, 
 
 INCEST. 
 
 impurpled : v. estpurpled. 
 imputable: expr. by verb: v. to 
 
 IMrUTK. 
 
 imputation : I. The act .- expr. 
 by verb : v. to impute. ||, The 
 
 dtarge : perh. culpa, crimeu, criciiniitio : 
 
 V. BLAME, CHARGE (VI.). 
 
 impute: 1. d>'. I. "t. ; esp. in i 
 
 phr., to i. anything as a fault, aliquid 
 alicui vitio d., Cic. Off. i, 21, 71 : also, 
 vitio et cuipae dare, Cic. K Am. 16, 
 extr. ; Ter. 2. impiito, i (to set doum 
 
 to any one's score, whether to his credit 
 or discreilit) : to i. a favour to any one, 
 beneticium alicui imp., Phaedr. 1, 22, 8 : 
 success all claim for themselves : failure 
 is i.d to <me, prospora omi'es sibi vindi- 
 cant, advcrsa uni imputantur, lac. Agr. 
 27 : to I. blame toanyow., alicui culp.ini 
 imp., I'liii. 18, I, I. (In later writers 
 usu. in bad sense.) 3. confgro, j, irr. -. 
 v. TO BLAM E (IL). 4. attribuo, ascribo, 
 
 etc. : V. TO ASCRIBE. 
 
 in : I. Etenotlng place where -. \, 
 in (with abl.) : in the heart, in the 
 brain, in a field, in Italy, in corde, in 
 cerebro, in agro, in Italia : Cic. : Caes. 
 (j)assim). (N.B.— But when stress is 
 not laid upon the prep., in one's house, 
 in Rome, etc., may be expr. as locatives 
 by gen. or abl., domi, Koniae, etc. : L. G. 
 5 257.) 2. when the adj. totus is 
 Joined with a subs., the abl. may be 
 used without prep. : in the whole ocean, 
 toio mari. Cic. Man. ii, ji ; where, 
 however, the sense is rather throughout -. 
 also Iflcus, rfigio, terra, are used with 
 the demonstrative and determinative 
 prons., and sometimes other ac^j. with- 
 out a prep. : as, hoc loco, eo loco, eodem 
 loco, niultis locis : cf. Zumpt, L. G. 
 } 481. (N.B.— The poets and later 
 writers freely use all subss. denoting 
 place in the abl. without a prep., even 
 though there be no attributive : cf. 
 Zimipt, 1. c) 3. in certain connexions 
 only, chiefly where publicity is expressed, 
 pro (with abl.): cf. Fest. in I'aul. Iiiac. 
 s. v., pro rostris, id est, in rostris . co pro 
 contione, in the (public) as.<embly. Sail. 
 Jug. 8: Liv. Phr.: in {the writings of ) 
 Plato, Xenophon, apud Platonem, apud 
 Xenophontem, Cic. Off. i, 9, 28 : de .Sen. 
 22, 79, etc. (For in tlie presence of, v. 
 PRESENCE.) II. Denoting time xken : 
 1. de (with aJbl. : of a period of time 
 in the course of ivhich something takes 
 place) : to rise in tlie night, de nocte 
 surgere, Hor. Ep. I, 2, J2; in the course 
 of the third xvatch, de tertia vigilia, 
 Caes. B. 6. i, 12 : Utte in the night, 
 multa de nocte, Cic. Sext. jj, 75 : t« the 
 month of December, de mense Decembri 
 (rare), Cic. Q. Fr. 2, i, extr. 2. in 
 (with abl. ; usu. denoting a period of 
 time during which [not merely in the 
 course of ivhicli] a thing is ^^one) : I did 
 so too in my youth, feci ego isthaec et 
 idem in adolescentia, PI. Bac. ?, }, 6: 
 in (througliout) all one's life, in omni 
 aetate, Cic. Sen. }, 9 : oft. Jifter numeral 
 adw., twice in a day, bis in die, Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, J5, 100 (but the abL occurs also 
 alone). 3. abl. alone: this occurs 
 
 when the subs, of time has an attribu- 
 tive, as anno tertio, quarto, etc. ; mense 
 Januario, Februario, etc. ; also, when a 
 season of the year is particularised, even 
 without an attributive, as hieme, aestate, 
 Cic. Div. I, 42,94; and in the case of 
 die, nocte, Cic. N. I). 2, 9, 24 (denoting 
 continuance ; whereas de die, de nocte, 
 denote merely that something takes 
 place in the course of the time). |||, 
 
 W ith reference to other circumstances : 
 in (with cU>l.) : in what position, in 
 irhat danger, quo in loco, quanlo in 
 periculo, Caes. B. (». 2, 26: to be in the 
 wrong, in vitio esse. Cic. Off. i, 7, 2j : 
 to be heavily in debt, magno in acre 
 alieno esse, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18. |V. 
 l>enoting directirm : in (with ace.) : the 
 camp extended more than 8 miles in 
 breadth, castra amplius millibus pas- 
 suum octo in latitudinem patebant, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 7. (This sense may oit. be con- 
 veyed by an adj. with ace. of extent : six 
 feet in height, breadth, etc., alius, latus 
 sex pedes, etc.; v. high, bro.>!>, etc.) 
 
 V. l>enoting rule, standard, manner, 
 etc. : 1. in (with ace.) : a decree of 
 the .Senate icos passed in tliese words, 
 S. C. in liaec verba factum est, Liv. jo, 
 4J : in the manner of slaves, servilem 
 iu modum, C!lc. Verr. Act. i, 5, i^. 2. 
 ad (with occ. = according to) : in the 
 likeness of, ad similltudinem, Cic. N. D. 
 2, 64, 161 : in the same manner {to the 
 same effect), ad euiidem modum, Ter. 
 Ad. }, }, 70; so ad hunc modum, of the 
 
 general scope of a speech, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 }i. 3, abl. alone- usu. const r. in the 
 case of modal substantives- in what 
 manner, in Oiis manner, in every pos- 
 sible uay, quo modo, hoc modo, omui 
 modo, omnibus modls, etc. Ter. : Cic. : 
 passim. VI. ttenoting occasion, state, 
 means or manner, per (with ace.) .- to 
 1 cto anything in anger, facere aliquid per 
 j iram, Cic. fuse 4, }7, 79 : in sport, i>cf 
 j ludum et jocuni, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 60, 155. 
 VII. Miscell. phr.. t"n conse- 
 quence of the fact that, ex eo quod, Cic. 
 , Fin. 2, 9, 28 : in the meanuhile. interim 
 ' (v. MEANWHILE) : in that, quod, cf. Caes. 
 I B. G. I, 14. num etiain recentium inju- 
 riarum, qiwd iter per provinciani per 
 vim tentas8ent,quod Haeduos.. .memo- 
 riam deponere posse.' in proportion a* 
 ...so, quo. . .eo (with compar.). 
 
 inability : imbgciiutas : v. weak- 
 Nt-«. (L'.su. better expr. by possum: 
 not from unnilHngness but i., non quod 
 noils sed quod non possis: v. to be 
 
 ABLE.) 
 
 inaccessibility : expr. by adj. : v. 
 
 foil. art. 
 
 inaccessible: I. Of places: L 
 Inatcessus : lac. Ger. i : Plin. y. 
 invius (irhere there is no pathway): a 
 nation i. by reason of surrounding 
 rivers, gens circumfusis inv. fluminibua, 
 Ov. Mete, 582: Plin. Fig.: nought is 
 t. to valour, nil virtuti inv., Tac. Agr. 27. 
 3. expr. by verb : quo accedi non 
 potest; V. TO APPROACH. 1|. Of per- 
 sons; difficult of access: ad i|uem non 
 faciles (diffliiles) sunt aditu-s cf Cic. 
 Fain. 6, n ; Nep. : Hor. : parum obvius 
 et expositu.s, cf. Plin. Ep. i, 10, 2. 
 
 inaccessibly : it^ ut accedi noo 
 possit. 
 
 inaccuracy : indiUgentia : Cic. Q. Fr. 
 I, 2, 2. 
 
 inaccurate : indiligens (careless : 
 rare) Gell. ; Caes. (Usu. better, parum 
 s. minus diligens, accuraius, subiilis; v. 
 
 ACCURATE.) 
 
 inaccurately : indlUgenter (care- 
 lessly) : Caes. : Cic. (U^u. better, panun 
 s. minus diligenter, accurate, subtiliter; 
 parum subtili ratione ; v. accurately.) 
 
 inaction: expr. by verb: by i., nil 
 agendo v to act : cf. Ijv. 22, 24. 
 sedendo ei cunctando bellum gerere. 
 See also inactivity. Phr.: very im- 
 patient of i., quietis impatienlissimus. 
 Veil. 2, 2} : he pafi'ed the year of hit 
 tribunate in i., tribunatus annum quietc 
 et otio transiit, Tac. Agr. 6. 
 
 inactive : 1. iners, rtis (most 
 gen. term): an i. old age, i. senectus, 
 Cic. Sen. 11, j6 : PI.; Tib. Join, 
 iners et desidiosus, Cic. Agr. 2, j?, fn. 
 2. segnis, e (dow and backward) .- 
 an i., dull boy, puer s. et Jacens, (Juiiit. 
 I, J, 2: i. age, s. aetas. Curt. 8, 9, /n. : 
 i.ease, s. otia, Ov. Pont, i, 5, 4J. Join, 
 segnis inersque, Tib. : v. indolent. 3. 
 deses, idis (chiefly poet, and late : doing 
 nothing: ivhetlur from di,<position or 
 necessity) : Liv. i, J2, n»ai. : C-i. : Lucan. 
 Join: ignavus ac deses, Gell. 4. 
 rfses, idis (like preced., but infreq.)- 
 Varr. ; Claud. Join: resides ac segnes, 
 Liv. 25, 6,./in. (N.B.— The two preced. 
 adjj. are not found in iiom. sing.) 5. 
 nilagens: Clc. (in Kr.). 6. quietus; 
 Sail. Cat. 26. To be i., (I), cesso, 1: 
 Join: cessare et nil agere, Cic. N. D. 
 J, i9, fin. : Liv. (2). quiesco, ivi, 
 etum, i: V. TO BEST. (3). dormlo, 4 
 (a strong expr.): Cic. Verr. 5, 70, i8a 
 Phr.: old-age renders i, a rebus ge- 
 rendis avocat senectus, Cic. Sen. 6. inil. .- 
 to sit i. (icith folded liaiuls). compressis, 
 quod aiimt, mauibus sedere, IJv. 7, 
 1}, med. 
 
 inactivity : ce.-«atio (state), inertia, 
 desidia (cii.«posi^it>7i) .- v. idleness, indo- 
 lence. (Or expr. by verb . 61/ t., ces- 
 sando et nil agendo : v. preced art. j!n.) 
 
 inadequacy: expr. bya^j. : v. foiL 
 art 
 
 inadequate: 1. Imfiar. iirls: i. 
 
 to tlie must trijling concerns, levissimia 
 
 quoque curis i., Tac. Aun. 14. 5-^ v. 
 
 UNEQUAL. 2. mino". us: ambiiious 
 
 i97
 
 INADKQUATELY 
 
 INCARNATE 
 
 INCEST 
 
 but i. (tn t)ie piisition), avidus et ni., 
 Tac. Ann. i. i j. 3. baud s. haudqua- 
 quan) satis lu.iKnus, validus, etc. 
 
 inadequately : (?) haud pari ratione ; 
 minus beun, perperam. 
 
 inadmissible : illidtus v. un- 
 lawful. 
 
 inadvertence ^.imprudentiat to tto 
 
 inadvertency 5 awp/i' .Z'™' *•• ^"" 
 quid per imp. facere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 2J, 
 fin. : Ter. 
 
 inadvertently: 1. imprudenter; 
 
 Veil. I, 2 (more freq. = imprit(ie»</v, 
 q. v.). 2. more freq. expr. by adj., 
 
 imprudens (cf. L. G. $ J4J): you stem 
 to have i. passid by M. Serrilius, impru- 
 dens M. ServiUum praeteriisse videris, 
 Cia Br. 77. extr.: Ter. 3. per im- 
 
 prudent iara : Cic: V. preced. art. 
 inalienable: *quod alienari non 
 
 potest: V. TO ALIENATE. 
 
 inalienably : *ita ut (quid) aUenari 
 non possit. 
 
 inanimate: 1. Tnanimus: there 
 is this differentx betn-een in. and ani- 
 mate, inter in. et animal hoc interest, 
 Cic. Acad. 2, 1 2, ?7 ; Tac. Quint. (Tlie 
 form inanimis occurs in Apul.) 2. 
 inanimatus (less freq.) • i. things, res 
 in., Cic. N. I). J, 16,40. Phr. : i and 
 insensible things, res surdae ac sensu 
 cartntes, Plin. 20, ivit. 
 
 inanition ; inanitas : v. kmpti- 
 
 NESS. 
 
 inapplicable : P b r. : the name 
 familia is i. to a single slave, in unu 
 servulo nomen familiae non valet, Cic. 
 Caec. 19, 55 the rvle is i. to your case, 
 *non periiiiet ad te regiila ilia; non 
 coiivenit tibi (v. to apply); altogether 
 i., *nil (omnino) ad rem. 
 
 inappreciable : ^^ parvus ut aesti- 
 mari mm possit. 
 
 inapproachable : inaccessus : v 
 
 IMAeCESSIBLE. 
 
 inappropriate : baud idoneus,param 
 aptus, etc. : V. approi kiate, fit. 
 
 inappropriately: parum apte ad 
 rem : v. FrrLT. 
 
 inappropriateness : e.\pr. by adj. : 
 
 V. INAPPBOPRIATE, U.SsCITABLK. 
 
 iaaptitude : chiefly of mind, *inge- 
 nium inba-bile ad aliquam rem : v. ik- 
 
 CAPACITY. 
 
 inarticulate: (?) ine^P'anatus : cf. 
 
 Plin. II, J7, 6;, adeo inexplanatae (lin- 
 guae), i. e. of so i7idistin':t an utter- 
 ance : cf. ine'xplicabilis, verborum inef- 
 fica.\. Sen. Ir. i, J, ?. (But the above 
 denote simply indistinctness of the hu- 
 man voice : i. cries, perh. voces surdae 
 ""cf. Plin, ?;, 2, 2] nee satis distinctae; 
 nuUis neque syllabis neque verbis dis- 
 cretixe.) 
 
 inarticulately: *confusa voce; 
 nuUo syllabarum verborumque discn- 
 mine. 
 
 simples : v. simple, 
 
 -Inauguralis 
 
 inartificial 
 
 DNAFFECTEn. 
 
 inasmuch : 
 
 niam : v, si>ce. 
 
 inattention 
 
 quandoquidem, quo- 
 
 _ 1. animus parum 
 
 attentus ct." attention (2). 2. ne- 
 gligentia, indiligentia, incuria . v. care- 
 
 LtS.SNESS. 
 
 inattentive: 1. baud, parum, 
 minus attentus: v. attentive. 2. 
 indiligens, negligens . v. careless, ne- 
 gligent. 
 
 inattentively : parum attente ; 
 animo parum attento (or animis of more 
 than one) : v. attentively, atten- 
 tion (2). 
 
 inaudible : P h r. : a sound so fine 
 as to be i., *sonus adeo tenuis ut auribus 
 percipi non possit . lie spolce so lof us to 
 be quite i., »adeo summisse loquebatur 
 ut exaudiri non posset. 
 
 inaudibly ; *ita ut exaudiri quis 
 non possit. 
 
 inaugural : aditialls, e (belonging to 
 entrance on office) : the i. supper for the 
 priestly office, ad. coena sacerdotii, Plin. 
 10, 18, 2}: Macr.: Sen. Phr. to de- 
 liver an I. address, *orationem soUennem 
 
 Wyttenb. in Kr.]. (N.B, 
 is without authority.) 
 
 inaugurate: 1. maugiiro, i: 
 i. e. to stt apart persons or thmgs by 
 augural sanction : e. g. flaminem in., 
 Liv. 27, 8 ; locum in., Liv. }, 20. 2. 
 
 auspicor, i (to take the auspices, esp. at 
 t)ie beginning of anything : hence, to 
 make a formal beginning) : to i. the 
 II ork of cultivation, a. culturarum officia. 
 Col. li, 2, init.: man i.s life with suf- 
 fering, homo a snppliciis vitam a., Plin. 
 7, prooem. } ; : Suet 3. consecro, 
 
 I V. TO consecrate, dedicate. 
 
 inauguration : consecratio : v. con- 
 secration. Phr.: the day of i. to 
 office, *dies solleimis magistratus in- 
 eundi. 
 
 inauspicious: 1. infaustus (chiefly 
 poet.): an i. augury, inf. auspiciuni, 
 Virg. Aen. n, 547 : Ov.: Tac. 2. i'l- 
 auspicatus (late and rare) : to be thought 
 verii in., inauspicalissimum Judicarl, Plin. 
 28, 2, 5 $ 26. 3. laevus (rare in this 
 sense ; fur ace. to Latin augury the left 
 hand was the auspicious one) : Hor. Od. 
 J, 27. 15: Mart. 6, 85: Stat. See also 
 ill-omened. 
 
 inauspiciously : malo s. infausto 
 omine (or pi.): cf. H..r. Od. i, 15, 5 
 (mala avi) : Liv. i, pref. extr.: CV. 
 Fam. ?, 12, med., ominibus optimis 
 prosequi. (.\J}.— Inauspicalo, Cic, Val. 
 Max , is cvntroni to the auspices.) 
 
 inborn, inbred: ingemtus, innatus, 
 
 insltus: v. innate. 
 
 incalculable : tantus ut aestimari 
 (numerus iiiiii) non possit. (Olt. im- 
 mensus, incredibi.is, may serve : v. im- 
 mense.) 
 
 incandescence: 'o he in a state of 
 i., candere, imtpt. candescere, incandes- 
 cere : v. to glow. 
 
 incandescent : candens, ntis : v. 
 red-hot 
 
 incantation: 1. carmen, inis, 
 
 n. : to utter a hurtful i., malum c. in- 
 cantare, xii. Tab. in Plin. 28, 2, 4^ 17: 
 bi) i.s and poison, c. et veneficiis, Tac. 
 Ann. 4. 22 : Virg. : Hor. 2. cania- 
 
 men, inis, n. (rare): dreadful i.s, diia 
 c, Apul. : Prop. 3. cantio (rare) : by 
 pmsMiing and i s, veneficiis et c, Cic. Br. 
 60, 217 : Cato. 4. incantamentum 
 
 (rare) : spells and i.s, verba et incanta- 
 menta carminum, Plin. 28, 2, ?. 5. 
 
 verba, oruni (spells) : cf. siipi. (4) : Hor. 
 lip. I, I, J4. To utter i.s, incantare, 
 Apul. Apol.(cf.s«i)r. 1); cantare, Virg. E. 
 8,71. 
 
 incapable : 1. nearest word, m- 
 habilis. e (culturally unadopted for: 
 with dat. or ad and ace.) : he had made 
 u-rnnau i. of all these things, mulierem 
 omnibus his rebus fecerat inh., Cic. Oec. 
 fr. 4 : i. of agreeing together, inh. ad 
 consensum, Liv. 26, 16, med. : later foil, 
 by inf., i. of protecting the state, inh. 
 rempublicam tueri, (iillist. Dig. 50, 2, 
 II. 2. nescius (not knouiug how: 
 poet with inf.): children i. of speech, 
 pueri n. fari," Hor. Od. 4, 6, 18: i. of 
 being conquered, n. vinci, Ov. Pont. 2, 
 9, 45- 3. segnis, e (in gen. sense, 
 
 lacking vigour and ability) : an i. na- 
 ture, s. indoles, Tac. Ann. 1 2, 26. 4. 
 may sometimes be expr. by a negative 
 adj. of capacity : e. g., i. of enduring, 
 inipatiens (with gen.) ; i. of being taught, 
 indocilis; i. of exertion, iners, segnis (v. 
 inactive, sluggish) ; i. of bearing arms, 
 inutilis hello, Caes. B. G. 7, 78; ad 
 pugnam, ib. 2, 16. 
 incapacitate : v. to disqualify. 
 incapacity : nearest word, inscitia : 
 imprudence and i. (of generals), teme- 
 ritas aique i., Liv. 6, jo, med. : v. igno- 
 rance. 
 incarcerate : v. to imprison. 
 incarnate (v.) ■• incarno, i (as theol. 
 t. t.) : he was i.d, incarnatus est. Symbol. 
 Nic. Pur.: deity was i.d, deus homo 
 factus est, Anselm : cf. Verbum caro 
 factum est. Vulg. Job. i. 14. 
 incarnate (part. a4;.): 1. incar- 
 
 magistratus ineundi causa habere; ma- natus^ (as the..l. t. «.): v-. preced. art. 
 gistratum soUenni babita oratione auspi- " 
 
 can [solienni oratione munus auspicari 
 398 
 
 Phr.: the Word became i. in the womh 
 of the Virgin Mary, Verbum assumpsit 
 humanam naturam in utero Virginia 
 Mariae, Aug. Conf. ; ex V. W. camem 
 assumpsit, Conf. Helvet. ; suscepit car 
 nam et omnem naturam humanam, 
 Cunf. Anglic. 
 
 incarnation: incamatio (as theol, 
 1. 1.) : the mystery of the i., mysterium 
 incarnationis Dei, Vet. Com. ad Mar. i. 
 7 : Scot. Conf. ; myst. iucamati Chrlsd, 
 Argent. Conf. 
 
 incaution: incautSla (extr. rare): 
 Salvian : v. rashness, lmprudence. 
 
 incautious; 1. incautus: I, from, 
 youth, juveuia inc., Liv. jo, u, extr.: 
 Cic 2. tgnierarius (stronger; : v, 
 
 RASH. To be i., parum (sibi) cavere; v. 
 guard (I., fin.). 
 
 incautiously : incante : Caes. : Liv. 
 
 incendiarism: Phr.: i. prevaiUd, 
 
 *multis in locis incendia [domorum, 
 horieorum, etc.] de industria tacta. 
 
 incendiary : incendiarlus: Suet. Vit. 
 17 . Tac. 
 
 incense (^bs) : tus or thus, uris, n. ; 
 to burn i. and perfumes, t. odoresque 
 incendere, Cic. Verr. 4, J5, 77 ; also ac- 
 cendere, Liv. 29, 14, fin. (al. inc-): to 
 offer supplications uith i. and wine, t. 
 ac vino suppUcare, Plin. Ep. 10, 96 (97), 
 ? : Virg. '// i., tureus, e. g., t. dona, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 225: yielding i., turifer, 
 P!in. 6, 2 ?, 26 } 104 : i.-burning, turi- 
 cremus, Virg. Aen. 4, 455 (t. arae) : a 
 box for i., acerra, Hor. Od. }, 8, 2. 
 Virg. 
 
 incense (f) •■ v. to exasperate, nj> 
 
 FLAME. 
 
 ir censed Cpart- adj.): incensuslra: 
 Nep. Pel. Jin. ; ira commotus. Sail. Gat 
 ji ; ira percitus atque animi dulore in. 
 census, Auct. B. Air. 46. 
 
 incentive : 1. incitamentum (any 
 h-ind of stimulus) : the highest i. to un 
 dei go peril and toil, maximum et peri- 
 culorum inc. et laborum, Cic. Arch. 10, 
 2J: Tac. 2. stimiilus (that which 
 
 pricks on, as a goad : stronger tbaD 
 preced.) : the i.s of ambition, gloriae st., 
 Cic. Arch. 11, fin.: i.s to acti'.-ity and 
 toil, SI. indusiriae ac laborls, Cic. (jael. 5, 
 12: to act as an i. to anything, stimulos 
 habere ad. . ., Quint. 10, 7, 16. 3. irri- 
 tamentum (that nhich provf'k^s : usu. 
 in bad sense) riches, the i.s to mce, 
 opes ir. malorum, Ov. Met. i, 140: i.s 
 to luxury, ir. luxuriae, Val. Max. 2, 6, l : 
 cf. Liv. 40, 27, med.. quibus ir. poterat, 
 iras militum acuebat. 4. invita- 
 
 mentum (that nhich invites or lures 
 </n : rare) : cf. Cic. Hortens. fr. 68. 5. 
 illgcebra : v. allurement. 
 
 incertitude : v. uncertainty. 
 
 incessant: 1. perpetuus (un- 
 
 broken, uninterrupted) : i. laughier (of 
 Democritus), p. risus, Juv. 10, jj (rare 
 in precisely this sense) : v. perpetual. 
 2. asslduus (unremitting) : i. toil, 
 as. labor, Caes. B. G. 7, 41 : i. rains, as. 
 imbres, ib. } 24 : Cic. 3. continuus, 
 coiitinens : v. contintjous, continuai.. 
 Phr.: i. exertion, labor cujus nulla fit 
 intermissio, cf. Cic. Off. i, 6, 19. 
 
 incessantly : 1. sine [uUa] inter- 
 missione: Cic. N. D. i, 41, 114. 2. 
 continenter: all things i. pass and flow 
 away, c. labuntur et fluunt omnia, Cic. 
 Acad. I, 8, 31. 3. assidue (unTemit- 
 
 tingly): v. coNTrNCALi.Y. Phr.: to 
 uork i., nullum omnino tempus ab opere 
 intermittere, Caes. B. G. 7, 24 : cf. ib. 5, 
 40, nuUa pars nocturni temporis ad la- 
 borem intermittitur : to laugh i. (facete), 
 perpetuo risu pulmonem agitare, Juv. 
 10. jj. 
 
 incest : incestum, i ; incestus, lis (but 
 unchastity in gen. sense is included : cf. 
 Cic. Liv. i, 40, 7J, concubuit cum viro. . . 
 fecit igitur incestum : it is chiefly used 
 of unchastity of a revolting or profane 
 kind) : to commit i. with a daughter, 
 incestum (neut ) cum filia admittere. 
 Suet. Cal. 23 : an inquiry concerning i. 
 (of Clodius at the festival of Bona I>ea), 
 quaestio de incestu, Cic. Mil. 22, 59: 
 
 2. indutus specie humana (invested acts of i. with sisters, incesta sororum, 
 with human form) : Cic. N. D. 2, 24. 6j. Suet. Cal. }6. Phr.: to wallow in i.
 
 INCESTUOUS 
 
 INCLUSIVE 
 
 [NCOMPATIBILITT 
 
 In domesiiciB germanltatls stupris volu- 
 tari, Cic. (?) Harusp. 20, 42 to commit 
 i. with a daughter, incestare filiarii, Tac. 
 Ann. 6. 19. 
 
 incestuous : incestus (including all 
 that is lend and impure) ; Cic. ; lac. 
 V. CNCHASTK. Comp. preccd. art. 
 
 incestuously : incest* : v. ux- 
 
 CHABTKLV, I.KWliLV. 
 
 inch : uncia (strictly the 12th part of 
 an as; aL<o 0/ afoot): a digit is the 
 ibth part of a foot ; an i. the ilth, 
 digitus est se.xta d.-clma p.irs pedis ; 
 nncia ducxlpcima, P>oiit. Aq. 24 : I'lni. 
 6. J4. J9 i 214. >'f the dimensions of 
 an i.. uiicialis, e.g., aliitudu, Pliii. 18. 
 16, 4? 6 146. A qiuirtei- of an i.. sici- 
 licam, Front. Aq. : Plin. "Phr. : by i.s, 
 sensim. paiillatini : v. gbaduallv. 
 
 inchoate: iiichoatus: v. isihrrfect. 
 
 incidence: Phr.; the angle of i., 
 •angulus quo incidunt radii (K. and A.). 
 
 incident (.<'4}-) •■ '• e. attaching to : 
 (?)pr<jprius. v. i'fx;uliab (to). 
 
 incident (subs.) .• casus, res, etc. : v. 
 
 CIBCCMSTANCK, EVKNT. 
 
 incidental /Phr.: to make an 
 
 incidentally < incidental observa- 
 tion, remark incidentalli/, inter alla.s res 
 Jacere, Sail. Jug. 11 : / haoe been led 
 incidentally to mention tliem [non con- 
 sulto sed] casu In eoruni mentlonem 
 incidi, Cic. iJiv. Verr. i;. extr.: a sub^ 
 ject neitlier simple, nor ft to be inci- 
 dentally Ireatfd, res non simplex nee in 
 transitu tractanda, yuint. 6, 2, 2 : cf. 
 Cic. 1. 0., quasi praeteriens (en passant) : 
 80. obiter. Plin ii, 9, 57. 
 
 incipient: expr. by inlUuni, prin- 
 cipium: v. begkning. Sometimes pri- 
 mus may serve : forehead smiling with 
 i. honis, frons turgida cornibus primis, 
 Hor. Od. ?, I?, 5. 
 
 incised (part, adj.) : incisus : Plin. : 
 
 V. NOTCH KD. 
 
 incision : inclsura : used by Plin. of 
 the sections of insects, 11, 1, i ; the notches 
 ofleares, j6, 8, 29. To make an i. (medi- 
 cal), incidere, Cels. -j, 19. (N.B. Incisio 
 In Col. Arb. 8, should be insitio.) 
 
 incisive ; of style : perh. acer. 
 
 incisor: usu. •pi., the i,s, denies qui 
 secant (the med. term was tu^ikoi). 
 Cels. 8, I. med.; d. lati et acuti, Plin. 
 II, J7, 61 (from which passages there 
 would seem to have been no Lat. t. t.). 
 
 incite : 1. incite. I : to i. anil one 
 with the desire of imitation, aliqueni 
 cupiditate imitandi i., Cic. Br. y2, ?i7 ; 
 Caes. 2. impello, j : v. to impel. 
 See also to EXcrtE. 
 
 incitement : incltamentum : v. is- 
 
 CENTIVE. 
 
 inciter: L impulsor: Join: 
 
 suasor et impulsor, Cic. AtL 16, 7, init. : 
 Ter. : Tac. 2- inciiator (v. rare) : 
 Front. : Aram. 
 
 incivilitv : inhumanitas (including 
 the Eng., but more comprehensive); 
 veither from anogaiue nor i., non su- 
 perbia neque inh., Cic. de Or. i, 22, 99. 
 To aet inth so much i., taui inhumaniler 
 facere, Cic. : v. uncivilly. 
 
 inclemencv : of weather, etc : 1, 
 asperitas (as permanent character of a 
 climate or seasmi) : i. of winter, asp. 
 hiemis, Tac. Ann 4. ;6 : Ov.: v. seve- 
 RITV. 2. rigor (lilce preced.) : i. of 
 
 climate, r. coeli, Piin. 17, 2?, J7 } 216. 
 3. inclementia (like preced ) : Just. 
 9, 2. N.B.— Usu. belter expr. by im- 
 modica frigora, tempestas peririgida, im- 
 ber maximus atque assiduus, etc., ace. to 
 circumstances. (Hirl. B. G. 8, 5, has 
 diffli'Ullas hiemis, of severe weather, as 
 inUilerabli'.) 
 
 inclement : of weaihe- , etc. : nearest 
 word, asper, 6ra, 6rum : a mare i. cli- 
 mate, coelum asperius, JusL 2, i, med. : 
 sometimes gravis may serve, cl. Caes. 
 B. C. ?, 8, gravissinia hieme : acer, cf. 
 Hor. Od. I, 4, I, acrls hiems ; or incle- 
 mens, cf. Col. 11, 2, inii., clementior 
 dies. Sometimes hiems is used ahsol 
 of I. or stormy veather. cf Virg. Aen. ;, 
 II, imber noctem hiememque ferens. 
 So, the weather is i., hiemat, impers., 
 OoL II, 2; less freq. pers., Hor. S. 2, 2, 
 
 17. (N.B.— For »ucfem«n/ as used of per- 
 sons, V. SKVEBE, HAKSH.) 
 
 inclination : I. ?"''« <"' of bend- 
 ing aside : in^ linatio . the i. 0/ one side 
 of a vessel, i. unius lateris, Plin. 8, 50, 
 77 } 208. Phr. to make an v., in- 
 clinare : v. to benu. ||. Asb>i^. v. 
 INCLINE (subs.). Ill, O sposiiiun of 
 
 mind: 1, volunUis : to haiv i., not 
 
 ability, v. non poiestaU-m habere, Cic. 
 Sext. ?2, 69; V. WILL, WI5H. 2. iii- 
 
 cliiiiillii (leaning, liiis, propensity) : cm- 
 elty is an i. of the mind towards sec^ity, 
 est crndelltas inc. animi ad a.speriora. 
 Sen. Clem. 2,4,?: Cic. . v. pbopensitv. 
 (But Inelinaiio must not be used of a 
 mere disposition to d/i something.) 3. 
 animus : esp. in certain phr., they voe 
 not lacking in i., non deluit iis animus 
 (foil, by inf.). Suet. Cat 56: to gratify 
 ime's i., ammo moreni gerere, Ter. Andr. 
 4, I, 17: see also intention. 4. stu- 
 diuin (a strong or ruling tendency of 
 mind) : to follom one's ov.-n i.s, siudiis 
 obsequi suis, Nep. Att. 2 : cf. Cic. Cat. 
 2. 5. 9- 
 
 incline ("•) •• A. f r a n s. : |. 
 
 To bend aside: inclino, i : v. ro beni>. 
 II, To dispose the mind : 1, in- 
 clino, I : these circumslances i. me to 
 believe, haec aoimum inc. ut credain, 
 l.iv. 29, }5, fin. : but the verb is more 
 fieq. intrans. in this sense . v. infr. 
 
 2. induco, } (denoting a posiiive 
 result): V. TO INDCCE. B. Intrans.: 
 
 I, To lean : inclino, inclinor : v. to 
 LEAN. II, To be disposed ton ards : 
 
 1, inclino, i : ichen the Jeeling of 
 the Senate i.d towards peace, quura sen- 
 tenlia senatus inclinarel ad pacem, Cic. 
 Sen. 6, 16 : L\v. Join; inclinare et 
 propendere, Cic. de Or. 2. 44. 187. 2. 
 propendeo, di, sum, 2 Cic. : (v. supr.). 
 
 3. acclino, i (with pron. refi.: v. 
 rare) : Liv. 4, 48, med. 
 
 incline (subs.) : accHvTtas (ascend- 
 ing) : on a corresponding i., pari ac, 
 Caes. B. G. 2, 18; CuL See also decli- 
 vity, slope. 
 
 inclined ( part, adj.) .- |. Disposed : 
 
 I. propensus (naturally disposed 
 (ovmrds) : i. to mercy, p. ad misericor- 
 diam, Ci& R. Am. jo, 85 : rather i. to 
 sensual indulgence, propensior ad vulup- 
 tates; Cic. Oif. i, jo, 105. 2. procli- 
 vis, e (like preced.) : a disposition i. to 
 licentiousness, ingcnium pr. ad libidi- 
 mm, I'er. Andr. i, i, ?i . Cic. 3. in- 
 clinatus (leaning towards, at the time) : 
 more favourably i. ton ards the Cartha- 
 ginians, inclinatior in Poenos, Liv. 2}, 
 46: lac. Phr.: l am i. to believe, cre- 
 diderim (which is simply a softened 
 affirmative, cf. L. G. ^ 450 ; iiiclmat 
 animus ut arbitrer, Liv. 7, 9, implies 
 o balancing of evidence) • I am i. to 
 think, hiiud sclo an. nescio an, with 
 suhj., cl. Cic. N. D. 2, 4. 1 1, vir sapientis- 
 simus et haud scio an omnium praesiaii- 
 tissimus . similarly, dubito an, cf. L. G. 
 5 4}8: to be favourably i. tmvaid-i any 
 one, propendere in aliquem ; la^ ere (w ith 
 
 dot.): V. TO INCLINE (B., II.), FANOUK. 
 
 II. Of colours, approximating to: 
 inclinatus : a colour i. tn yelloir, color in 
 luteuni i., I'lin. 24, 1;, 86. 
 
 inclose, inclosare: v. enclose, etc 
 include : 1. ascribo, psi, ptum, j 
 (to enroll amongst, add to a number: 
 foil, by in. ad. with ate., or dat.) : pray, 
 i. me in tlie nuiiibei; tu ver<> a-scribe me 
 in nnmerum, Cic. Ph. 2, 1 }, exti . ; with 
 ad, Cic. y. Fr. 1 , 1 , 5 ■ / am in doubt 
 whether to i. them among the dermans, 
 dubito an (eos) Germanis ascribam, 
 Tac. G. 46. 2. adiiumiSro. 1 (like 
 preced.): v. to beckon (amongst). 3. 
 rgfero, tiili, latum, J, iir. (to enter, set 
 d0"n amongst) : to t>e i.d among the 
 proscribed, inter proscriptos referri, C;c 
 K. Am. 10, 27 : Suet. 4. complector, 
 contineo, compr6hendo: v. to kmbbace, 
 contain, (xjmphise. (N.B. Not in- 
 cludo. which implies cimfinement, re- 
 strictum.) Phr.: including me, you, 
 him, *me, te, illo, haud e.xcepto. 
 
 inclusive : e.\pr. by adnunigro (to 
 reckon to or " ith) . nomen and cfiildren 
 
 i., •muliebri sexu ac liberis annumera 
 lis • from the ist to the io(A i.. *a prime 
 die usque ad decimiim, ip>o deiimo ad 
 nunieraio (eum decimo ipso). 
 
 inclusively : P h r. to count i. 
 •exireina ailnumerare : cf. inclusive. 
 
 incognito (adv.): perh. aliena in 
 diita pen~<ina; dissimulaio nomine. 
 
 incoherence : expr. by circumL : V. 
 full. art. 
 
 incoherent: p-^pr- ^>y coimereo, si. 
 Slim, 2: thf s/jrei-k II as almo.-t i., vix 
 coliaerebat oratio, Cic. O-el. 7, 15; 
 •pariim apie coiinexa inter se loque- 
 batur V. (vherent. 
 
 incoherently: Phr.: to t/fai; i., 
 
 •male Ciiliaereiiiia lo<jui : v. preied. an. 
 
 incombustible: qui (que. qu.«i) 
 Igni null iibsumiiur, Plin. 19. 1,4; igid 
 (al. ligiii) indumilus, id. jj, j, 19. jo 
 tie very 1., difficilliiiie accendi, i'lm. a, 
 
 J, 19 : cf. FIKE PKOOF. 
 
 income: 1. vectigai, alls. n. (^ufr- 
 lie or private): a Uxige, slender i.. vec- 
 tigal m.igiium. U-iiiie, Cic Par. 6, 5,49: 
 Hor. 2. Irucius. us (as the produce 
 of lands, estatrf, tic): i. fn/m es'a'es, 
 praedioruni fr., Cit. \tt. 11,2: tofetd an 
 army oat oj one's i.,exercitum ulere suia 
 f., Cic. I'ar. 6, 1 , 45 . cf. lb. } 49, ad sump- 
 tum ille est tructus exiguus. 3, 
 
 rfidilus, us (money "returns"): v. pbo^ 
 ceeds. 4. quaestus, us; v. gain, 
 
 I'KOKIT. Phr.: he derives an i. of 
 6oo,coo sesterces frtrm, his estate.', capit 
 ex suis praediis sescenta H. S.. Cic. Par. 
 6, }, 49 : vhn you derive such an i.jrom 
 your possessions, quum tibi tantum ex 
 tuis possessiimibus reficiaiur, ib. J 4;. 
 
 incommensurable, aiogus, a, um 
 
 (oAcryo? : i. e. having 710 common Jotio): 
 Cipll. 
 
 incommode : molestus sum (wib 
 dat.) : V. TROUBLESOME. (Incommodo 
 is too strong.) 
 
 incommodious : ^'- ixcon^venient. 
 
 incommunicable: expr. by com- 
 muiiico. inipertio: v. TO impabt. 
 
 incomparable: i- e. excellent be- 
 yond cutiijKij isun : \, incomparabilis, 
 e (rare and Ian): i. elevation of mind, 
 inc. animi subliniitas, Plin. 7, 25, 26 
 fjiisi before tie has, exempium cui cni- 
 parari non possit aUud). 2. belter, 
 singiiliiris. e : Aristotle, as a phUosofilier 
 alitii»t i., Aristoteles in philusopbia 
 profie s., Cic. Ac. 2, 4}. U2 more pre- 
 cisely, singularis exempli, e. y., fenima, 
 Petr. III. Join. incre<libilis et prope 
 singularis et divinus, Cic de Or. 1, j8, 
 init. ; a. et praestaniissimus, Cic. in Sen. 
 J, init. 3. unicus : on i. general, u. 
 iniperator. Liv 6, 6, fn. : i. (unex- 
 ampled) liberality, u. hberalitas, Cic 
 yuini. i2,^n. 4. sometimes divinus, 
 coelestis may serve : cf. Cic. Ph. 5, 11, 
 
 28, coelestes diwnaeque hgiones : the i. 
 eloquence of <'ii.ero, divina M. Tullil 
 eloqueiilia, Quint. 2. 16, 7 ; cuelestlssi- 
 mum OS Ciceionls, Veil. 2, 66. 
 
 incomparably: 1. iinics (in a 
 
 unique, esp. exi.ellent maimer): iirpi/ 
 has used Hiis embellishnu-nt 1., eo om«- 
 mento P. Virgilius u. est usu>, (^uint. 
 8, }, 24. 2. longe (wlih c<n>par. 
 
 words: ralher le.ss strong iliaii E^g. : 
 strengthened by plurimiim, Cic. Br. 1^ 
 55): So, ionge miiliuiiiqiie [siiiK-rareJ, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 44, 116 i. Uie most beau- 
 tiful, Ionge ante abas specie ac pulcbri- 
 ludine insigni.s, Liv 1,9 v. far. 3, 
 ficilS (like preod., but le.-s freq.): i. 
 the most eminent, t. primus, Cic R. Am. 
 6, 15: strengthened by unns omnium: 
 (/ lato) i. the mo>t learned nuin in ail 
 llrerce, vir unus lollus Graeciae 1. doc- 
 tlssimus, Cic Rah. PosU 9, 2?. Phr.: 
 (Demosthenes) is 1. the most eminent in 
 every branch of oratory, unu> eminet 
 inter omnes omnI genere dicemli.Cic. Or. 
 
 29, fn. : i. pure and good, supra omnia 
 exeinpla SiUictissimiis, liiscr in Fore. 
 
 incompassionate : immisf ricors : 
 
 V. L'SMEKCIKIL. 
 
 incompatibility: divcrsa insociabi- 
 lisqiie natiira, Plin. 17, 19, ja: i. qfckOf 
 racier, 'mores disslmiles ac paru*n c«Q> 
 gruentes: cf. foil. artL 
 
 J9&
 
 t'N COrtirATlBLE 
 
 INCONVENIENT 
 
 INCREASE 
 
 incompatible : 1. discors, rdis 
 (most gen. term) : v. disagreeing. 2. 
 dissSciabilis, e (incapable of union : 
 rare) : to unite things hereto/ore i., res 
 oliro d. miscere, Tac. Agr. j. 3. inso- 
 ciabllis, e (like preced.) : Plin. (v. preced. 
 art.): Liv. 4. rgpugnans: v. rNcoN- 
 
 SISTENT. 
 
 incompetence : 1. perh. segnitia 
 (want of energy and for'-.e), cf. Veil. 2, 
 ll8 (de"Varo). 2. inscitia: v. i.nca- 
 PAcrrr. 
 
 incompetent: I. wanting ability 
 or capacity: inhabllis, segnis : v. inca- 
 pable. P h r. : i. for war, bello, ad 
 pugnam inutilis, Caes. (v. incapable, 
 Jin.) ; pugiiae non sat idoneus, Hon Od. 
 2, 19, 26. II, ^'ot possessing legal 
 gualificatinn : qui lege excipiiur : v. to 
 Bisqualify (2). 
 
 incomplete: imperfectus,lnchoatus: 
 •V. imperfect. 
 
 incompletely: imperfecte. v. im- 
 perfectly. 
 
 incompleteness : P h r- : "'«"« « 
 ever an i. in our happiness, curiae nescio 
 quid semper abest rei, Hor. Od. j, 24, 
 extr.; *ad beatam vitam nescio quid 
 semper deest ■ v. niPERFECTioN. 
 
 incomprehensibility : ("f- foi'- ^''t- 
 
 incomprehensible : expr. by com- 
 
 prghendo, di, sum, j : to uish to com- 
 preliend the i., ea mente comprehendere 
 Telle quae comprehendi non possunt, v. 
 
 TO COMPREHEND (II. 6). CiC. Ac. 2, 29, 
 
 fin., has, nou comprehensus et non per- 
 ceptus, in same sense, but appy. as 
 pbil. t. t. (N.B. — Not incomprehensus, 
 much less incomprehensibilis.) See also 
 
 INEXPLICABLE. 
 
 inconceivable-, quod cogitari, mente 
 S. animo percipi, etc, non potest: v. to 
 
 CONCEIVE. 
 
 inconceivably : perb- incredlblllter, 
 mirnm quantum, etc. : v. incredibly. 
 
 inconclusive : infirmus : Join: 
 levis et infirmus, Cic. R. Com. 2, 6 ; [ad 
 probandum] inf. et nugatorius, Cic. Caec. 
 2 J, 64. Instead of infirmus, parum 
 firmus, cf. Cic. Br. 78. 272. P h r. : that 
 argument is quite i., *ex islo argumento 
 niliil omnino efficitur; nihil valet ad 
 probandum : v. to prove. 
 
 inconclusively : *nuUis satis firmis 
 argumentis ; ita ut nihil satis ex argu- 
 ■mentis efliciatur, nihil probetur : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 inconclusiveness : expr. by in- 
 firmus, etc. : V. preced. artt. 
 
 incongruity : repugnantia, natura 
 nsociabilis : v. iNCONSiSTExcr, incom- 
 patibility. 
 
 Incongruous : 1. inconv6niens, 
 
 ntis: to join things i., inconvenientia 
 
 Juugere, Sen. V. B. 12; Cass, in Cic. 
 
 2. male congruens, absonus, etc.: 
 
 V. disagreeing, inconsistent. 
 
 incongruously : parum apte : V. 
 unsuitably. (Or. expr. by verb: to 
 join things i., *res ita cocgungere ut 
 minime inter se conveniant, congruant : 
 V. to agree.) 
 inconsiderable: parvus: v. small, 
 
 TRIFLING. 
 
 inconsiderate: inconsidgratus : v. 
 THOUGHTLESS. Sometimes inconsiderate 
 nearly = i'mpofite ; *temere ac parum 
 urbane factum. 
 
 inconsiderately : inconsiderate, 
 negligenter, tfiniere : cf. Cic. Off. i, 29, 
 
 lOJ : V. THOUGHTLESSLY. 
 
 inconsiderateness : animus parum 
 
 consideratus, etc. : v. considerate ; and 
 preced. artt. 
 
 inconsistency: 1. inconstantia 
 (of character) : to call change of plan i., 
 mutationem consilii i. dicere, Cic. Att. 
 16, 7, rru'd. Join: inconstantia muta- 
 bilitasque mentis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 76. 
 2. mutabilitas: Cic: v. supr. 3. 
 repugnaniia (as existing between acts or 
 statements) : you do not perceive this 
 gross i., tantani rerum r. non vides, Cic. 
 Ph. 2, 8, 19. Phr. : irhat i. is this, 
 quam hacc inter se repugnant ! never 
 tiMs such i., nil fuit uuquam sic [txm] 
 impar sibi ! Hor. S. i, }, 18: cf. foil, 
 aitt. 
 
 400 
 
 inconsistent: 1. inconstans, ntis 
 (of character) : / thought you absurdly 
 i„ mihi ridicule es visus esse inc., Cic. 
 R. Com. 6, 19: Sen. 2. contrarius (of 
 things): v. contrary. 3. absonus 
 
 (lit. out of tune ; hence, not in keeping 
 with : usu. with dat.) : nothing i. with 
 the belief of divine origin, nil ab. fidei 
 divinae originis, Liv. i, 15: Hor. : also 
 foil, by a and abl., Liv. 7, 2. 4. dis- 
 sentaneus (rare): v. disagreeing. To 
 be i., (1). repugno, i (of things which 
 are opposed) : how i. these things are, 
 haec inter se quam repugnent, Cic. 
 Tusc. J, 29, 72. (2). dissideo, sedi, ses- 
 sum, 2 (rare in this sense) : Aristotle is 
 i. with himself, ipse secum d. [ac repug- 
 nantia sibi dicitj Aristoteles, Lact. 1, 5, 
 ad fin. (3). discrgpo, i : v. to dis- 
 agree. 
 
 inconsistently: inconstanter : Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 27, 88. Phr.: to act i., levem, 
 incoustantem se praebere: v. fickle, 
 inconsistent. 
 
 inconsolable: 1. inconsolabilis, 
 e (rare and poet.) : Ov. Met. 5, 426. 
 2. ita affectus animo ut (te) conso- 
 lari nemo possit: cf Cic. Mur. 27, 55 
 Phr.: my grief is altogether i., omnem 
 consolationem vincit dolor, Cic. Att, 12, 
 14; luctus nuUo solatio (nulla consola- 
 tione) levari (leniri) potest, Cic. Ph. 9. ;, 
 extr. : to i>e i. (pine aivay with aorrow), 
 dolore intabescere. Sen. Cons. Polyb. 24. 
 See also discon.solate. 
 
 inconsolably : quod omnem respuat 
 consolationem : v. preced. art. 
 
 inconspicuous : parum insignis, ob- 
 scQrus : v. conspicuous, obscure. 
 
 inconstancy : ISvItas, inconstantia : 
 v. fickleness, inconsistency. 
 
 inconstant : inconstans, Igvis, muta- 
 bilis: V. FICKLE. Phr.: an i. lover, 
 desultor amoris, Ov. Am. i, i. 15. 
 
 inconsumable: (flammis) indomi- 
 tus : Plin. : v. incombustible. 
 
 incontestable : v. indisputable. 
 
 incontinence : I. "f^'ant of re- 
 straint over Vie passions : incontinentia 
 (Gr. aKpoLTeia) : he discoursed at length 
 about inc. and intemperance, multa de 
 inc. intemperaniiaque disseruit, Cic. 
 Coel. II, 2;: also =^ clean-handedness 
 in money -matters. Cic. Verr. 4, 15, 34. 
 See also intemperance. ||. Unchas- 
 tity : impildicitia : v. unchastity. |||, 
 Of secretions : incontinentia, e. g. urinae, 
 Plin. 20, 15, 57. 
 
 incontinent: I. Not restraining 
 the passions : 1. incontinens, ntis; 
 tlie i. Tityos, inc. Tityos, Hor. 0^. }, 4, 
 77: Cell. 2. intempfirans, ntis: v. 
 intemperate. II, Unchaste .- impiidl- 
 cus: V. UNCHASTE. |||. Of secietioH ; 
 incontinens; Plin. 8, 4}, 68. 
 
 incontinently : I. without con- 
 tinence: incontlnenter : Cic. ||. With- 
 out delay : statim, e vestigio : v. imme- 
 diately. 
 
 incontroUable : qui (quae, quod) 
 cotiiberi, reprimi non potest: v. to 
 
 CONTROL. 
 
 incontroUably : ita ut cohiberi s. 
 reprlnii non po>sit. 
 
 incontrovertible: ^'. indisptjtable. 
 
 inconvenience: I. Want of agree- 
 ment : inconvenientia, incongruentia 
 (both V. rare) : v. disagreement. ||, 
 That which occasions trouble or disad- 
 vantage : 1. iiicomniSdum (rather 
 stronger than the Eng.) : this caused 
 our men no little i., quae res magnum 
 nostris attulit inc., Caes. B. C. 3, 6j; v. 
 disadvantage. 2. incommodltas 
 
 (like preced., though strictly abstract) : 
 Ter. Andr. 3, 3. 35. Phr.: to put up 
 with an i., incommodam rem pati, Ter. 
 Hec. 4, 2, 27. 
 
 inconvenient : I. Not agreeing : 
 inconveniens : Cic. ||, Causing trou- 
 ble: 1. incommSdus (disadvanta- 
 geous, troublesome) : Ter. : v. preced. 
 art. extr. Very i., perincommodus : Cic. 
 2. inopportiinus : at an i. time, 
 tempore inopportuiio (parum s. minus 
 opportuno): cf. Cic. Off. i, 40, 142: v. 
 unsuitable. Phr.: to interrupt at 
 an i. time, tempore laevo interpellare. 
 
 Hdr. S. 2, 4, 4 = parum in tempore In- 
 terpellare. 
 
 inconveniently: incommode, pgr- 
 incommode : Cic, 
 
 inconvertible: Phr.: i.bank-notes, 
 *syngraphae s. delegationes quae reprae- 
 senUiri non possunt. 
 
 incorporate : I. fo inix in one 
 mass : commisceo : v. to mix. ||, 
 To unite ; esp. politically : contribuo, i, 
 utum, 3 : cities i.d for the purpose of 
 forming Megalopolis, urbes ad conden- 
 dam Megalopolim contributae, Liv. yi, 
 5 ; the new citizens to be i.d in eight 
 tribes, ut in octo tnbus contribuerentur 
 novi cives. Veil. 2, 20: (peoples) lately 
 i.d in the Achaean league, nuper in 
 Acbaiicum contributi concilium, Liv. 42, 
 37: also foil, by cum and abl, or dat., 
 esp. when union on equal terms is Im- 
 plied : cf. Dr. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 III. '^^ form into a corporation : 
 perh. constituo, 3 : v. to institute, 
 establish. 
 
 incorporation: expr. by verb. v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 incorrectly: 1. perpgram (opp. 
 
 to rightly) : to pronounce i., p. pro- 
 nuntiare, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 12: Cic. Join: 
 prave et perperuin, Gell. 2. prave: 
 v. wrongly. 3. mendose (with faults 
 or m-ors) : to transcribe i., m. scribere, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 5 : Lucr. 4. parum 
 s. minus emendate, etc. : v. correctly. 
 
 incorporeal: incorp6ralis,e: Quint: 
 Sen. : v. immaterial. 
 
 incorrect: 1. mendosus: an i. 
 copy of a will, exemplar testamenti m., 
 Plin. Ep. 10, 25 (75); i- history (full of 
 untrue statements), m. historia, Cic. Br. 
 16, 62 : Gell. 2. parum s. minus ac- 
 curatus : v. correct, accurate. 
 
 incorrectness: expr. by phr.: on 
 
 account of the i. of his style he cannot 
 be reckoned a classic, *propter sermonem 
 minus emendatura, inter primae classis 
 scriptores non est referendus. 
 
 incorrigible : perh. perditus (given 
 over and hopeless) : v. abandoned. Usu. 
 better expr. by circuml., qui nunquam 
 se corrigat, cf Cic. Cat. 1,9, init ; '"uera 
 Jrustra corrigere s. emendare lalwres ■ v. 
 TO correct. 
 
 incorrigibly : perb. perdjte (in a 
 reckless, abandoned way) : Cic. More 
 precisely, ita ut (quod) corrlgi non pos- 
 sit : V. TO correct. 
 
 incorrupt : integer, abstinens, in- 
 corruptus: v. incorruptible. 
 
 incorruptibility: I. Lit: i. 
 
 incorruptio (not class.) : Vulg. I Cor xv. 
 42 : Tert 2. incorruptela (not class.) : 
 Vulg. I Cor. XV. 50 : Tert 3. incorrup- 
 tibilitas (not class.) : Tert (Usu. better 
 expr. by circuml. : v. to corrupt.) 4. 
 aetemitas: v. imperishableness. ||. 
 In moral sense : 1. integntas : equity, 
 strictness, i., aequitas, severitas, int., 
 Cic. Q. Fr. I, I, 16: cf. ib. $} 6, i?: 
 Nep. : v. integrity. 2. absiinentia 
 (clean-handedness) : i. in the govern- 
 ment of a province, provincialls abs., 
 Cic. Sext 5, 7 : Nep. Epam. 4, init. 3. 
 sanctitas (conscientiousness) : Nep Lys. 
 4. 4. expr. by circuml., incorrupt! 
 mores, incorrupla fides, etc. ; v. incob- 
 ruptible. 
 incorruptible: I. ^"^ cannot 
 
 perish : 1, incorrujitus : Cic. Tusc. 
 
 1,19,43: Plin. 2. i ncorrupti bills, e : 
 i. and eternal, inc. et aetemus, Lact I, 
 i, fin.: V. imperishable. ||, Not to 
 be bribed or tampered with : 1. in- 
 corruptus: i. witnesses, inc. [atque in- 
 tegii] testes, Cic. Fin. i,2i, 71 : a freed- 
 man of i. fidelity, libertus inc. fide, Tac. 
 Ann. 12, "41: superl. incorruptissimu.s, 
 Hor. S. I, 6, 81. 2. integer, gra, gruni 
 (upright : q. V.) : Join: integer, inno- 
 cens, religiosus, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 4: cf 
 supr. (1.). 3. sanctus (sci-upulously 
 moral, conscientious ) ; Join: sanctus 
 et religiosus. Cic. R. Com. 15, 44. 
 
 incorruptibly : incorrupte, integre, 
 sancte Cic. (,for syn. v. preced. art). 
 
 increase (subs.) : |. Trans.: 
 
 1, augeo, xi, ctum, 2 : to i. vealth, 
 
 copias, facultates a., Cic. : the suspicunK
 
 INCREASE 
 
 INDEBTED 
 
 I N D E EL» 
 
 of Vie Gauls are i.d, Uallls augetur sus- 
 piclo, Caeg. B. G. 7. 45: Ter. 2. 
 maltipUco, i (strictly, to i. many-fold . 
 to i. greatly): debts were imvi'nsely i.d 
 in those two yean, aes alienuni eo bi- 
 ennlo multiplicatum est. Cues. B. (J. j, 
 }Z : to I. the dominions of Euvu-rws, reg- 
 num Kumenis m., Liv. j"), 54, med. 3. 
 aropliflco, I (to i. on a (aiyt scale ; 
 render extensive or dis'inguislied) : cf. 
 Cic. Rt'p. }, 11, augere opes, amplificare 
 divitias: to i. (exte^td) any one's injlu- 
 ence, auctoritateiu alicujus a., Caes. B.G. 
 2/ '4- 4, amplio, i (rare in tlits sen>e 
 ill good authors ■ in Cic. = to adjourn) : 
 to i one's v.ealth, a. rem, Hor. S. 1,4, 
 iz: cf. TO EXLAEGE. 5. e.\iendo, di, 
 turn and sum, j: to i. the price of 
 things, (rerum) pretia ex.. Suet. Cal. 
 }(): Just.: V. TO EXTEND. See also to 
 HEIGHTEN (fig.). ||, Intrans. : 1. 
 cresco, vi, turn, j Uie love of numey i.s, 
 c. amor nuinmi, Juv.: the resources and 
 courage of the enemy hcui i.'d, hostiiim 
 opes animique creveranl, Cic. : Sail. : 
 Liv. In same sense, incresco (infreq.) ; 
 Liv. I, jj: VIrg. 2. augesco, j (not 
 in Cic. in this sense : v. to grow) the 
 courage of the rest i.s, ceteris aninii au- 
 gescont, Sail. Jug. ?4 : to i. so fast, tantis 
 augescere incrcmentis, Liv. 27, 17 (tf. 
 id. 4, 2, init. maxirais auctibus cres- 
 cere): Ter.: Tac. (N.B. — Ihe pa.s»ive 
 of augeo may be employed as reflect. ; 
 and augeo itself is sometimes used in- 
 trans., esp. ill perf. tenses : Uie greatness 
 of the Roman people had i.d by cle- 
 mency, ignoscendo P. 1{. magnitudinem 
 aaxisse. Sail. Or. Phil. : Lucr.^ 3. 
 glisco, } (to t. insensibly, and at the 
 same time rapidly : chiefly poet, or in 
 late writers): ill-feeling, spontaneously 
 i.ing, invidia sua sponte gliscente, Liv. 
 2, 2 J, init.: servility i.-ing, gliscente 
 adulatione, Tac. Ann. i, i ; Sil. 4. 
 crebresco, increbresco (-besco), bui, } 
 (strictly, to t. in numbers or frequency ; 
 of Me wind) : the wished-for gales i., cr. 
 oplatae aurae, Virg. Aen. j, 550: so, 
 ventus increbrescit, CW. Fam. 7, 29, ei<r. 
 5. may sometimes be expr. by an 
 inceptive verb : to t. in loudness, cU- 
 rescere; in bi-ighlness, splendescere ; in 
 sweetness, dulcescere; in strength, con- 
 valescere ; in weight or seriousness, in- 
 gravescere ; where see locd, bright, 
 swECT, etc. 
 
 increase (.subs.) : 1. incrementum : 
 to cause an i. in anything, alicui rei inc. 
 afferre, Cic. Fin. 2. 27, 88: to inate 
 rapid t., ingentibus augescere Inc., cf. 
 Liv. 27, 17 : to be cUaays on the i , sem- 
 per in inc. esse, Curt. 9, }, med. 2. 
 auctus, lis (infreq.) : to make very rapid 
 X., maximis auc. crescere, Liv. 4, 2, init. 
 3. augmentum (laie) : neither i. 
 tnor decrease, neque aug. neque denii- 
 nutio, Ulp. Dig. 2, IJ, 8. 4. accretio 
 {the act of increasing) : opp. to demi- 
 nuiio, Cic. Tusc. i, 28, 68. 
 
 incredibility: expr. by phr. they 
 teach the absolute i. of miracles, *mira- 
 cula oninino incredibilia esse docenl; 
 miraculum, quod dicitur, nullo ne pra- 
 visslmo quidein tesllmonio couflrmari 
 posse disputant, 
 
 incredible : incredlbtlis, e (rarely in 
 strict sense : usu. of what might se^m to 
 
 pass belief) : it is i. how easily 
 
 inc. dictu est quam facile Sail. 
 
 Cat. 6 to interweave the i. with the pro- 
 bable, incredibilia probabilibus intexere, 
 Cic. Part. 4, 12. I'hr. : to 6e i., a fide 
 abhorrere, Liv. 9, j6; omiiem tidem ex- 
 cedere. Suet. CI. 29; supra humanam 
 tidem eveiii, Plln. 14. 7. 17 : as it seemed 
 almost i.. quum vix fides esset (foU. by 
 ace. and inf.). Suet. Vesp. 7. 
 
 incredibly : 1. incrcdiblllter (amaz- 
 ingly): Cic. Sen. 15, init. 2. incre- 
 dlbilem in modum : Cic. Alt 5, 16 ; incre- 
 diblli modo, Hor. Od. 2, 17. 21. 3. 
 •upra quam cuiquam crediblle est: Sail. 
 Cat. 5. 4. incredibile quantum : Just. 
 }6, 2, extr. 5. ultra fidem, Suet. Caes. 
 57; Mipnifidem, Plin. {4, 7, 17. (N.B. — 
 Of the a'oove Nos. 3. 4, 5, can only de- 
 note degree.) 
 
 incredulity: Incredillitas (rare); 
 Apul. liy i., Hon credendo, Cic. Cat. i, 
 12, JO. 
 
 incredulous : incrediilus : Hor. A. P. 
 188: yuini. Phr.: a person naturally 
 i., qui non tacile adducltur ut credai, Kr. 
 (based on Cic.) : do nut be i., *noli tu 
 obstmatione non credendi persevt-rare. 
 
 incredulously : expr. by inciedulus 
 (cl. L. (i. ^\ J4!) : J'or. A. P. 188. 
 
 incriminate : v. to cuiminate, im- 
 plicate. 
 
 incrust : ^- encbust. 
 
 incrustation : 1. crusta : v. 
 CBLiw. 2. iiKTUsiatio {of walls with 
 marble, etc.) : Dig. 
 
 incubate: Incabo, incabito: v. to 
 sit. 
 
 incubation: incQbatlo: Plin. 10,54, 
 75 ; also incubitus, us, ib. (or expr. by 
 verb: during the trme of i., incubandi 
 tempore, duui ovis im ubai.t aves). 
 
 incubus: incubo, Onis, »«. : V. night- 
 31AR1:. 
 
 inculcate : inculco, i (to impress 
 anything upon one by iteration) : to 
 teach or even to i., tradere vel etiam in- 
 culcare, Cic. de Or. i, 28, 127: yuint. 
 See also to teach, iMi"REi«. 
 
 inculcation : expr. by verb : v. pre- 
 ceii. an. (incukatio, Ten.). 
 
 incumbency : expr. by verb : dur- 
 ing his i; *illo parochiani obtinente; 
 quamdiu parochia illi siibjecta iuit. 
 
 incumbent (adj.) ■. chiefly in phr., it 
 is i. up(/n : oportet, 2 (with ace. and 
 ir,f.) : V. dutv (L, 4). Phr.: it is i. 
 upon him to furnish pitxf, el probatio 
 incunibit, Paul. Dig. 22, J, 2. 
 
 incumbent (subs.) : *qui parocbiam 
 obtiiiet ; cui parochia subjecta est: v. 
 
 PARISH. 
 
 inctimber; v. encumber. 
 
 incur : I. ^o P^t oneself in the 
 nay <f: meet: 1, suscipio, cepi, 
 ccpium, } (to take upon oneself) : to i. 
 unpopularity amongst nations, invidiam 
 [atcjue offensionemj apud populos s., Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 2, 55, i!7: '''■ To undertake. 
 2. incurro, i, rsum, i: to i. (meet 
 with) losses, disgraces, in damna, in de- 
 decora inc., Cic. Fin. i, 14, 47. 3. 
 subeo, 4, irr.: to i. danger, periculum 
 s., Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 26: v. to undergo. 
 Phr.: to i. danger, in periculum se 
 committere, Cic. Inv. 2. 8, 28. ||, To 
 bring upon oneself penalty, guilt, dis- 
 grace, etc. : 1. committo, misi, ssum, 
 ; (to become liable to) : to i. a fine, mulc- 
 tam c, Cic. Clu. J7- i°J • '" *• a penalty, 
 poenam c. Quint. 7, 4, 20. 2. "d- 
 mitto, ? (esp. with in and ace. of pron. 
 ri-fl. ; to alk)w guilt, disgrace, access to 
 oneselj ) : I vnil confess the crime com- 
 mitted and the disgrace i.'d, commissuni 
 facinus el admissum dedecus conlitcbor, 
 Cic. Fam. {, 10, 2 : Caes. . Liv. : v. to 
 COMMIT. Phr.: to i. the penalties as- 
 signed by law, leg^im poenis obligari, 
 Oc. Fin.i. 14, 47. 
 
 incurable : 1. insanabllis, e : an 
 I. disease, ins. morbus, Cic. : Hor. : 
 Plin. Ep. 2. inunedicibllis, e (poet.): 
 I an i. wound or sore, Im. vulnus, Ov. : 
 Virg. Phr.: an i. complaint, insupe- 
 rabilis valetudo, Plin. Ep. i, 22, 8: to at- 
 tempt to cure the i., desperatis adhibere 
 medicinam, Cic. Alt. 16, 15, med. : i. rfe- 
 fects of utterance, inemendabilia oris in- 
 commoda, Quint. 11, J, 12. 
 
 incurably: I'hr. : to be i. ill, in- 
 sanabili morbo conflictari, cf. Plin. Kp. 
 I, 12, 4; *adeo iniqua valetudine labo- 
 rare ut medicinam omnem exsuperet: 
 
 V. INCURABLE. 
 
 incurious : panim (minus) curiosus : 
 
 V. CURIOUS. 
 
 incursion: incursio: Caes.: Liv.: 
 V. INKOAU. Phr.: to make i.s, incur- 
 rere, e. g. (in) Macedoniani, Liv. 26, 25 : 
 Hor. : to do so frequently, incursare, but 
 used = inturrere, Liv. 5, }t, agros Ro- 
 manes incursavere. 
 
 incurvate : curvo, incurve, i : v. to 
 
 CURVK, I'.KM). 
 
 indebted : I. L i t. : o^ving money : 
 fibaeiatus (encumbered with debt) : Caes. 
 B. G. I, 4: Liv.: Suet. Phr. : to be i. 
 2D 
 
 to any one for a sum ofmotiey, pecuiiisia 
 alicui dibere (v. to owk); pecninam 
 alicui acceptam retiilisse (liL to have 
 enleted it tu any one's credit as receiued), 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, 170 ; cf. Id. Ph. 2, 16, 
 40, amplius H. S. ducenties acceptum 
 hereditallbus retuli. Set- also deut. 
 II, Fig.: ui'der obligatiun : ob- 
 noxius: V. beholden. Phr.: to ac- 
 knowledge oneself to be i. to anoUter for 
 life, alicui vilam suum referre acceptam, 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 5. extr. (V. supr. 1.): to be 
 very greatly i. to any t/ne, plurlmuni ali- 
 cui debere, Oes. B. G. 5, 27 : to be i. to 
 any one for sajtty, beueficio alicujus 
 salvum Cfse, Cic. Fam. 11, 22: Caes. 
 B. G. 1, 55, txlr. 
 
 indebtedness : '• oblicatigs. 
 indecency : 1. turpitudo : i. of 
 
 language, t. verborum, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 
 extr. 2. obscaenilas: v. OBbCENiTY. 
 See also imiecobum. 
 
 indecent: 1. tnrpls, e: an un- 
 sightly and i. appearance, aspectus de- 
 formis aUjue t., Cic. OiT. l. J5, 126. what 
 could be more i. than such a/nductf 
 what more disgusting t quid hoc turpius f 
 quid foedius.' Cic. Ph. 2, J4, 86 an i. 
 expression, t. verbiim, Ter. Heaut. 5 4, 
 19. 2. obscaenus: v. obscene. See 
 
 also I.NDKCijROUs, UNBIX'OMING. 
 
 indecently: turpller: Ov. Am. I, 7 
 
 47: Cic; V, DISGRACEFULLY. 
 
 indecision: J. Jn any particvUar 
 case : 1. haesilatio : to pardon any 
 one's i., alicujus h. ignoso're, Cic. Fam. 
 }, 12, 2: Tac: V. HtsiTATIOK. 2. 
 dubitatio : to be in a state of extreme i., 
 aestuare dubiiatione Qversare se in 
 utranique partem], Cic. Verr. 1, j, }0, 
 74. J I. i n : dubitatio et mora. Sail. (R 
 and A.). Phr.: to be in a state of t., 
 baesiiare (v. to he-sppate), animo flnc- 
 tuari, Curt. 4, 12, ad fn.: Liv. (animi 
 or animo pendere. is to be in a state of 
 anxious suspense). ||. As a feature 
 of character: 1. inconstanlia (lack 
 of steadiness of purpose) : Join: In- 
 constanlia mulabilitasque mentis, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4,15, _/!n.; varietas, et inconstantia 
 et crebra sententiarum mutatio. Or. pro 
 Dom. 2, 4. 2. animus parum firmus; 
 proiKisiti parum firmus; v. decided 
 (adj.). 
 
 indecisive: Phr.: an i. engage- 
 ment, proelium anceps, cf. Liv. 21, 9 
 (quum diu anceps fuisset certamen); 
 par proelium, Nep. Them. J: the baUl-- 
 was i., dimicatum incerlo eventu est, 
 Liv. 9, 38, med. : aequa nianu discrssuni 
 est, cf. Sail. Cat. 39 (quodsi Caiilina 
 prime proelio .... aequa manu disces- 
 slsset); aequo M.irte pugnatiim est, 
 Liv. 2, 6, fin.; dubia victoria pugnatum 
 e^t, cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 80 (quum a me- 
 
 i ridie prope ad solis occasum dubia vlc- 
 
 1 toria pugnaretur). 
 
 indecisively : incerto eventu, aeqn* 
 maim, ae<iuo Marte ; v. preo-d. art. 
 
 indeclinable : indeaitmWiis, e : 
 
 Dioni. in pi., i. nouns, apiota : Diom. . 
 I'lisc 
 
 indecorous: 1. indfconis;^ i. 
 
 geMure, i, gestus. Quint, i, ic, 35 : Cic. : 
 v. uNBEtxiMiNG. 2. indJcens, ntis: 
 
 V. UNHKiiMlSG. 
 
 indecorously : indecore, ind6cent«r 
 
 (late): V. UNBECJMINGLT. 
 
 indecorum: expr. by neut. of in- 
 
 dfconis V. DECORUM, DECENCY. 
 
 indeed : !■ implying that the 
 thing is so: in point of fact : 1. 
 quidem (enclitic; usu. implying some 
 restriction or contrast : v. inf IV.): thU 
 was (said) too angrily i., and vrry in- 
 temperately, r.imis iracunde hoc q., et 
 valde Inieniperanler, Cic. Ph. i, 5, 12. 
 With verbs in the 1st pers. sing., and 
 sometimes others, equldem is used : in- 
 deed, J have never sent "ne Utter him%4 
 uithout there being another to you. eq. 
 nunquam duiiium misl unam eplstulam. 
 quin essei ad te altera, Cic. Fani. 2, 10, 
 med. 2. a''<o ("*"• denoting a 
 
 heightened emphasis or climax : also 
 enclitic) : they hint titis, and i. [more 
 than thaf] ojienly show, hoc signlficact, 
 atque a. aperte osteudual, (}ic. Verr. j, 
 401
 
 INDFFATIGA BLE 
 
 INDENTED 
 
 INDEX 
 
 3, OCi 148 : tiiat i. (in fact) you may 
 i/Mtrtt/rain tlie decree of the Senate, id a. 
 ex S. consulU) cognosclte, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 64, 14J. 3. 6nini, gnimvero: v. pact 
 (m;. II. Eraphaiic: in very truth.: 
 1, prSfectu (assuredly) : it is n'lt 
 BO, judges; it is not, i., non est ita ju- 
 dices, aon esl profecto ! Cic. Kl. 22, ; ? : 
 now i. you are at Rome, nunc quidem 
 {vvv ye) pr. Roniae es ! Cic. Att. 6. 5, 
 init. 2. veie. v. truly. 3. ''ii"^ 
 (in this sense cliiefly colluq.) : lohat you 
 write lias >'. alarmed me, quod scribi> s. 
 me comiDiivit, Cic. Kain. 2, 19: some- 
 times strengtiiened l)y quam . cf. Gael. 
 in Cic. Fam. 8, 10, init.. ^ane quam li- 
 teris sumus commuti; <'ic. 4. vero 
 (esp. in reply to something) : cf. Cic. 
 Tusc. 2, II, 26, luisti saepe, credo, in 
 scliolis philosiipliorum ? — Vero ; ac li- 
 bonter quidem, indeed I haoe ; and with, 
 pleasure too ; olten strengthened by 
 imnio ■ tell me noic, are you, quite 
 agreed f — Fes, indeed I am, i>a mi nunc, 
 satisne probas ? — Immo vero, Cic. Acad. 
 
 1, }, 10: sometimes vero is thus used 
 at the beginning of a passage, when 
 someihing is presupposed : cf. Cic. Fam. 
 16, 10, i7iit., ego vero cupio te ad me 
 venire, / do indeed desire you to comt to 
 me : where tue letter is in answer to 
 one received. 5. denium (esp. after 
 is, ille ; or a pron. adv. : strictly, an 
 adv. of time, at length, in short) : that 
 is i. true friendship, ea d. vera est anii- 
 citia. Sail. Cat. 20: Cic : then i. {and 
 not till then), tunc (tum) d., Sen. Kp. 
 121, i : those things are i. intolerable, 
 ea sunt enim d. non ferenda, Cic. Rep. 
 
 2, 15. Less freq. with other words: he 
 is i. forgetful, immenior est d., Ov. 
 Met. IS, 122. 6. denique (like preced. 
 but rare): that i. I mn wont to deem an 
 honour,is d. honos raihi videri solet, Cic. 
 Fam. 10, 10. III. Kxpressing sur- 
 prise: 1. verone (veron')= is it so, 
 indeed? cf. PI. True. 2, 2,47: ego non 
 hunc novl adolescentem vostrura. — Ve- 
 ron' ? Indeed f you don't say so ! 2. 
 ain' = aisnef or strengthened ain' tu? 
 ain' tandem i" ain' vero? ^ indeed.' do 
 you really say so/ cf. PI. Am. 1, i, 191 : 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 21, init.. v. Dr. Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. aio (:\^). |V. (Con- 
 cessive: 1, quidem (enclitic == Gr. 
 ye); foil, by sed, autem (at) tamen, ve- 
 nmtamen : you do not i. hate, but tw- 
 sureiUy do not approve, non tu q. odens, 
 sed certe non probes, Cic. Kin. i, 5, 14: 
 cf. ib. } 16. quum miraretur ille quidem 
 utrumque, I'haedrum autem etiaui ama- 
 ret: a stronger opposition is e.\pr. by 
 at, sed tamen, veruntaiiien, Cic. : cf. 
 
 rursellin. s. v. 2. equldem (usu. = 
 ego quidem : v. supr. 1.) : cf. Cic. Fam. 
 II, 14, habes, ut scnbis, obtrectatores ; 
 quos equidem (/ incited, for my part) 
 facilhmesustiiieo, sed Impediunt tamen: 
 Sail. Cat. 51, med., de pioena possnmus 
 equid'm dicere .... sed, per deos im- 
 morlales, etc 
 
 indefatigable : 1. assiduus (con- 
 stant at anything ; wlietlier toilsome or 
 not) : best suenglhened by another 
 word : an i. beggar, flagiiator as. et 
 acer. Cic. Br. ;, 1 8 . so, assiduus et Inde- 
 fessus. Tac. Aim. 16, 22. 2. 'm|'ig<r, 
 gra, grum (exerting oneself vigorously) : 
 an i. correspondent, i. in scribendo, Cic. 
 Fa'i.. 2, I more fully expr. by joining 
 patiens el inipigei, Cic. Verr. 5, 10, lin. 
 3. indelessus (chiefly poet.) : Virg. : 
 Ov. I'ac. (ci. supr. I). 4. Indefali- 
 gabilis, e: Sen. Ir. 2, il.fin. 
 
 iadefatigableness : 1. assidu- 
 
 itas (for svn. v. pr.'Ced. art.) ■ Cic. 2. 
 
 impig itia less ireq. i • pigritas, ('ic, fr. 
 
 In Non.J ei paii ntia: cf. preced. art. (2). 
 
 indetatigabl? : "ssidue ; impigre et 
 
 patienter. cf. INDEFATUiABLK. 
 
 indefeasible : 0"^) quod infringi 
 non potest cf. Paul. Dig. 54. 9. ;, } 15, 
 infi-itigere testamentum, to set asvie a 
 wiU. 
 
 indefectible : *quod in pejus mutari 
 non puest. 
 
 indefensible : I. Of military 
 pcste ; '(locus) parum firmus ; quem 
 402 
 
 praesldio lenere non possis. ||. In 
 logical sense : quod non est facile de- 
 fendere, Cic. Fin. 2, j;, 1 "; ; *quod argu- 
 mentis confirmari non potfst. |||, In 
 m iral sense: non e.\cusaiidus : v. to 
 
 EXCUSE. 
 
 indefinable : I. '" strict sense : 
 
 quod verbis definiri non potest v. to 
 DEFINK. II. Colloq., incapable of de- 
 finite expression : perb. iiescio quis • cf. 
 Cic. Arch. 7, 15, tum illud ntscio quid 
 praeclaniin ac singula'-e solere exsistere, 
 " that indefinable suTneUiing :" some i. 
 evil, nescio quid mali, Ter. Heaut. 2, 
 
 2. 1- 
 
 indefinably: ita ut (quid) defimn 
 non possit ; nescio quo modo: v. preced. 
 an. 
 
 indefinite : I. ^ot limited or de- 
 fined: 1. infinitus: an in q dry re- 
 specting an i. case (i. e. in nhicn parti- 
 cular persons, times, etc., are not 
 named), inf. rei qua<-stio, Cic. de Or. 1 , 
 31, 138. 2. indelliiltus: Gell. ||. 
 Loose, vague : perh. anceps, obscfirus (cf. 
 tic. Agr. 2, 2;, 66, obscura spe et caeca 
 exspectatione teneri), suspensus (cf. 
 Tac. Ann. 1 , 1 1 , Tiberio .... suspensa 
 semper et obscura verba) : v. doubtful. 
 Ill, Gram, t.t.: infinitus: Prise. 2, 
 JO, p. 580. 
 
 indefinitely: infinite (without spe- 
 cification of details): Gell. 14, 7, med. 
 Phr. : the matter is i. postponed, *res 
 ita prorogatur ut nullum tenipus prae- 
 finiatur. 
 
 indefiniteness : expr. by adj.: v. 
 
 INDEFINITE. 
 
 indelible : indelebllis, e (rare and 
 poet.) : Ov. Pont. 2. 8, 25 (or expr. by cir- 
 cuml. quod deleri s. elui non potest : v. 
 
 TO BLOT OUT, OBLITERATE). Phr.: tO 
 
 fix an i. brand of infamy on any one, 
 aeternas alicujus memoriae notas iiiu- 
 rere. Veil. 2, 64. 
 
 indelicacy: expr. by patldus, 6di- 
 osus (offensive to good taste) : nothing 
 could exceed the i. of his conduct, *nil 
 potuit esse putidius s. odiosius: v. of- 
 fensive. Phr.: whati.l O hominem 
 humanitatis expertem ! cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 4, 
 init. See also indecency. 
 
 indelicate: I. Bordering on in- 
 decency : 'parum verecundus (Kr ) s. 
 honestus, nonnihil turpltudinis habens. 
 II, Offensive to good tasle : piitidus, 
 
 OdiosUS : V. OFFENSIVE. 
 
 indelicately : parum verecunde ; 
 tuipiter : v. indecently. 
 
 indemnification: I. Restoration 
 of loss : expr. by verb : v. foil. art. ||. 
 Freedom from loss or punishment ; v. 
 
 INDEMNITY. 
 
 indemnify : I. To make good a 
 loss : expr. by damnum with various 
 verbs : e. g., d. sarcire (alicui), Cic. Fam. 
 1,9, 3 (al. resarcire): Liv. 9, 2?, med.: 
 resarclre. Suet. CI. 6; restltuere, Liv. 
 ( Kr.) : v. TO RESTORE. See also to < om- 
 PENSATE. II. To pass an enactment 
 securing from consequences ; perh. ca- 
 vere, with dat. of person (gen. term, de- 
 noting legal provision for any one's 
 good) : V. Dr. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 CAVEO (11.). 
 
 indemnity : indemmtas (freedom 
 from loss : legal term) : to grant a per- 
 smi i., ind. alicui praesiare, Ulp. Dig. 12, 
 4, 5, init.: Papin. Phr.: an act of i., 
 lexoblivlonis(Gr.a^n)(TTi'a), Nep.Thras. 
 j; aliolitio, Suet. Til). 4. 
 
 indemonstrable : *quod argumen- 
 tis demonstrari non potest. 
 
 indent : inclsuris s lacunis signare, 
 distinguere : v. foil. art. See also to 
 
 NOTCH. 
 
 indentation : 1. incisura (a cut ,- 
 
 mark like a cut): (a fruit) marked 
 icith (long) i.s, incisuris distincta, Plin. 
 i;, II, 10: of thf divisitms ill the bodies 
 of insects, id. 11, 1, i. 2. lacuna (a 
 rounded depression): used by Varr. of 
 holloivs beloiK the brow, R. R. 2, 7 ; by 
 Lact. of the depression in the Up under 
 the middle of the nose. Op. D. 10 ; by 
 Apul. of a dimple in the chin. Flor. i;. 
 
 indentf'd: l. incisuris s. lacunis 
 distinctus, signalus : v. preced. art. 2. 
 
 lacunosus (having liollmvs or depres- 
 sions) : Cic. 3 serratim scissus 
 (notched like a saw) : Apul. Hf rb. Phr.: 
 a shiild i. with many blowt, clipeus plu- 
 rimis plagis signatus, cf. Ov. Met. i^, 
 119. 
 
 indenture : instrumentnm (freq. in 
 Dig. for a legal document) : cf. Modest 
 Dig. 2, 14. ?5: Paul. Dig. 24, ?, 49. an 
 apprent ce's i., *iiistrunientum e.\ quo 
 puer (puella) ad disciplinam artificii 
 tradiuir. (Indentiira is the term in late 
 Lat., and may be iieceasary for precision ■ 
 V. Du Cange. s. v.) 
 
 independence: nearest word, U- 
 bertas : v. fbekdom. Phr.: an oppor- 
 tunity for srcuiing the i. of Greece, oc- 
 casio libcrandae Graeciae, .Nep. Milt, i 
 to enjoy (their) i , liberos, ininiunes, suis 
 legilnis esse, Liv. ?}, ?2 of individuals 
 = to please themselves, vivere ad suum 
 arbltrium, Cic. Mur. 9. init. 
 
 inaependent (ck^ )■• I. I" poli- 
 tical sense : liber, immuiiis, suis legibus 
 (= suas leges habens, Liv.): Liv. jj, 
 32: V FREE. Phr.: to be i., ex aequo 
 agere, Tac. Agr. 20. ||, In gen. sense, 
 enjoying freedom of action : 1, liber ; 
 in this sense often with sSlutus: an un- 
 civilized raee, free and i. (without any 
 central authority), genus hominum 
 agreste, liberum et solutum, Sail. Cat. 
 6 : we are all the more free and i., hoc 
 liberlores et solutlores sumus, Cic. Acad. 
 2, i, 8. 2. sui potens (one's own 
 master ; i. of circumstances) : Hot. Od. 
 h 29, 41. (Liv. has potens sui in 
 slightly different sense, 26, ij, rned., 
 dum liber, dum mei potens sum, effu- 
 gere morte possum.) 3. sui Juris 
 (strictly in legal sense: tme's own 
 master ; as an emuncipated son be- 
 came) : Fig.: to be too i. (of jurors ivho 
 mean to act justly), nimium sui Juris 
 sententiaeque esse. Cic. Verr. 2, i, 6, 18. 
 Phr.: to be i. in one's way of life, sue 
 more vivere, Ter. Andr. 1, i, 126; ad 
 suum arbltrium vivere, Cic. Mur. 9, 
 init. : he has been moi-e i. in his mode of 
 life, liberius Vivendi tuit potestas, Ter. 
 Andr. i, i, 25 : i. of the schools, nuUius 
 addictus jurare in verba niagistri, Hor. 
 Kp. I, I, 14 : to be i. of external things, 
 non aliunde pendere, nee extrinsecus 
 aut bene aut male viveiidi suspensas 
 habere rationes, Cic. Fam. 5, ij, init., 
 (R. and A.) ; externis rebus minime ob- 
 noxium esse (v. dependent). |||, 
 Having personal property: Phr.: a 
 person of i. property. *qui facultates 
 nonnullas easque suo Jure habet (?). 
 
 independent (subs.): usu. pi., the 
 
 sect so called, *qui singulos Christian- 
 orum coetus sui juris esse volunt (R. 
 and A.). In the Latin of the 17th cent., 
 Independentes is used. 
 
 independently: I. I" political 
 sense : libere, suis legibus, ex aequo ; v 
 independent (I.). II, In gen. sense; 
 1. libere, sOlute (not absolute, which 
 is ^ perfectly) : Cic. Join: solute et 
 libere, Cic. I>iv. 2, 48, 100. 2. suo 
 more, ad suum arbiirium, etc.: v. in- 
 dependent (11.). III. Jpart from : 
 *alicujus rei ratlone non hab'ta. 
 
 indescribable : inenirrablUs, e 
 (rare): i. toil, in. labor, Liv. 44, 5 ■ Sen. 
 Join: mirus et incredibllis atque in- 
 enarrabUis, Veil. 2, 99. (Or expr. by 
 circuml., i. pleojsure, voluptas major 
 quam quae enarrari possit. v. to de- 
 sckibe.) Sometimes nescio quis may 
 serve, cf. indefinable (11.). 
 
 indescribably : iien .rraMlIter:Liv 
 (Or expr. by v erb : supra quaiii enarrari 
 possit; V. TO describe.) See also in- 
 credibly. 
 
 indestructibility : aetemltas. etc. • 
 
 V. imperishablenkss. 
 
 indestructible : pSrennis, incor- 
 
 ruptus : V. IJIPF.RISHABLE. 
 
 indeterminable: Plu"-: ani.mag- 
 
 nitude, *magnitiido quae (subtiliWr) de- 
 finiri atque exprimi non potest. 
 
 indeterminate: v. indefinite. 
 
 indeterminately . ^- iNDEFiNirELv. 
 
 index : I. <>f a book : l. in 
 dex, icis, m. (table of contents): PUn.
 
 IN DI AN 
 
 INDIGNANT, TO BE 
 
 Ep. J, 5. 2 : Quint. : M. L. 2. 51en- 
 chus: post pref. Pllii. N. H. (al. omit- 
 tnnt). Phr. : to add an i., quid siii- 
 ^liscontineatur libris subjungere, Fliti. 
 pref. N. H. extr. ||. (// a dial or 
 watch : gnomon ; horarum index : v. 
 HAND (111.). III. Kig. : that which 
 indicates : index : cf. Cic. Or. i8, fin., 
 imago est aniiui vullus, indicei oculi. 
 
 Indiau : |. As sabs. -. Indus (more 
 usu. pi.): Cat.: Hor. : Flin. ||. As 
 adj.: Indicua: Ter. : Mart. 
 
 indicate: 1. indico, l (to point 
 out: bean indication of): tlie fraturef 
 i. the chara/:ter, vultus i. mores, Cic. Leg. 
 1,9, 26 tlie age 0/ cattle is i.d by the 
 teeth, aetas veierinorum dentibus liidi- 
 catur, Plin. 11, J7, 64. 2. significo, 
 I (to show signs of, to intimate): as 
 vxK i.d by the smnlce and fire .- ut fumo 
 atque ignibus significabatiir, Caes. B. G. 
 2, 7 : he is his wish by a nod, nutu s. 
 quid velit, Ov. Met. j. 64?: v. to inti- 
 MArE. 3. expr. by indicium : esp. in 
 dat. with esse: your speech i.d to me 
 what your disposition tvas, mihi quale 
 ingeniiim haberes indlcio fult oratio, 
 Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 4: .\ep. : v. indica- 
 Ti(MJ. 4. arguo. i, utum, } (to furnish 
 a proof of: rare in this sense) : /ear t.s 
 degenerate souls, degeneres animos a. 
 timer, Virg. : v. to prove. 
 
 indication : 1, indicium (any- 
 
 thing that indicates or proves : rather 
 more positive than the Eiig.) : i.s and 
 traces of poison, i. et vestigia veneni, 
 Cic. Clu. 10, extr. : most certain proofs 
 and i.s of guilt, certisslma argumenta 
 atque i. sceleris, Cic. Cat. j, ;, ij : if. 
 preced. an. (3). 2, vestigium (cf. 
 supr.) : V. TRACE. 3. argunieniuni . 
 V. PROOF. 4. significatio (Me act of 
 expressing a thing by signs or other in- 
 dications) : not by express proof but by 
 i.s, non demonstratioue sed s., Cic. de Or. 
 }, 59, init. : also the sign or indication 
 itself : i.s 0/ health, s. valetudinls, Cic. 
 LHv. 2, 69, 142. 5. signum : v. sign. 
 To be an i. of, indicare, signiQcare : v. 
 
 TO INDrOATE. 
 
 indicative : indicativus (modus) : 
 Diom. : Prise. 
 
 indict: accuse, arcesso, nomea (ali- 
 cujus) defero, etc. : v. to acctise. 
 
 indictable: OaccusaMlis, cf. Cic 
 Tusc. 4, 55, 75, accusabilis turpitude. 
 Or by eircuml., *(deliclum) cui legibus 
 cunstituta poena est. 
 
 indiction : in cbron., indictio, Cod. 
 Theod. 
 
 indictment: accasatio, etc.: v. ac- 
 
 COSation. H Ii r. : a bill of i., libellus, 
 Plin. Kp. 7. 27, 14: often pi. : to present 
 a bill of i., libellos dare, Paul. I)ig. 48, 
 2, ?, } 2: to draw up one, libellos con- 
 cipere, cf. Dig. 1. c. (libeUorum in- 
 scriptionisconceptio talis est) ; 1. formare, 
 Juv. 6, 244. 
 
 indifference: |. A'eutrality of 
 mind: nearest phr. perh. aequus ani- 
 mus (a calm, undisturbed mind) .- v. 
 o A LM N ESS, F a I RN E.ss. 1 1 . .\eglect, apa- 
 thy: 1. IentIiiido(esp. c'>oi,/)A/«^/Hu<i<; 
 i. ; as habit of mind): cf. Cic. y. Kr. 1, 
 I, I ?, nam illud [omnine non irasci] non 
 solum est gravitatis, sed nonnimquam 
 est lentitudinis : id. Tusc. 4, 19, 4J. So, 
 with i., lente Liv. : v. cooi.lv. 2. 
 diss61iitus animus (o Uix, careless dispo- 
 sitioti) : Cic. R. Am. 11, 52. 3. neR- 
 ligentia: v. neglect. Phr.: the people 
 vietved his assassination with i., eccisum 
 eum populus indifferenter tullt. Suet. 
 Deni. 2J : he did not treat this with i., 
 non tulit hoc aiiimo aequo, Nep. I Men, 
 6. III. In moral sense, a quality nei- 
 ther good nor bad : expr. by adj. : v. 
 
 INDIFFEKENT (II.). 
 
 indifferent: I. ^ot caring: l, 
 securus (heeilless: not in this sense in 
 Cic.) : supremely i. about what may 
 alirm Tiridates, quid I', terreat, unice 
 s., Her. Od. i,. 26, 6: t. to his sister's 
 lore, s. amonmi germanae, Virg. Aen. i, 
 ^46- Sll. 2. lentus (phlegmatic): 
 
 Hor. S. I, 9. 64: Cic. : V. cool (111.). 
 3. dissdlutus (lax. heedless) : of so 
 i. a temper as to endure this, tam d. 
 
 animo, ut hoc ferre posset, cf. Cic. R. 
 Am. 1 1, }2. 4. indiffSrens, mis (rare) : 
 i. about diet, circa victum i.. Suet. Caes. 
 5J- 5. inciiriOsus (unconcerned), r6- 
 missus (slack, wanting in vigour) : 
 Join: remi-ius ac languidus animus, 
 Caes. B. C. i, 21 : v. remiss. Phr.: to 
 l>e i. ; (I.) nil nj6ror, i (not to care for 
 or value: with ace.) : all those things I 
 am i. to, ista omnia nil merer, PI. Aul. 
 2, 1,49: Hor. Kp. I, 15, 16. (2.) lentc s. 
 indiffc renter fero, j, irr. (to take a thing 
 coolly or r.) : comp. preced. art (3.) 
 neglige, exi, ectum, 1 (to disregard) : to 
 be i. to threats, mmas n., Cic. Cjumt. jo, 
 92 ; to money, pecuniam n.. Sen. V. B. 27, 
 6 : foil, by inf. (poet.), to be t. to Uie per- 
 petratimi of a crime, n. fraiidem commit- 
 tere, Hor. Od. i, 29, }o. (4.) olxluresco, 
 durui, } (to become hardened and so i.) : 
 through despair the mind becomes i. to 
 grief, desperatione rerum ob. animus ad 
 dolerem, Cic. Kam. 2, 16, init. : also of 
 the deadening of affection, ib. 5, i^. 
 (5.) expr. by interest, refert : / am quite 
 i. on that point, id mea nihil refert, in- 
 terest- L. G. 5 28?, Obs. (6.) expr. by 
 euro, ciirae est, magni facio, nestimo, 
 with a negative: v. to care for, ||, 
 Of neutral character; neither good nor 
 bad: 1. indiff^rens, ntis (in phil. 
 sense) : used by Cic. = Gr. diia(^op09. 
 Fin. }, 16, 5 J. 2, raediocris, e (in 
 popular sense, middling) : cf. Hor. A. P. 
 i72: V. MIDDLING. 3. medius : t. 
 pursuits, artes m. (expl. as quae neque 
 laudari per se nee vituperari possiuit). 
 Quint. 2, 20, I : an i. ctuiracter, m. in- 
 genium, Tac. H. i, 49. 4. expr. by 
 eircuml., nee bonus nee malus, cf. Cic. 
 Fin. I. c. 5. sometimes neuter may 
 serve, when good and 6a<i are men- 
 tioned : e. g. quid bonum sit, quid ma- 
 lum, quid neutrum, Cic. I>iv. 2, 4, init. 
 (R. and A.). 
 
 indifferently: I. without dis- 
 tinction : promiscue, sine discrimine : 
 V. iNDisciUMiNATELv. ||. Without par- 
 tiality : aequabiliter : v. impartially. 
 III. Without emotion : 1. lente : 
 v. coolly. 2. indifferenter (rare): 
 Suet. Dom. 2J. |V. Moderately: rag- 
 diocriier: v. moderately, tolerably. 
 
 indigence: 1. figestas (esp. as 
 
 the result of profligacy) : poverty, or 
 rather i., and beggary, paupertas vel 
 potius e. ac mendicitas, Cic. Par. 6, i, 
 extr. : to be reduced to extreme i., in 
 summain e. deduci, Ulp. Dig. 25, i, ;, 
 5 17 : Tae. 2. inopia: v. destitu- 
 tion. See also poverty. (N.B.— Not 
 indigentia : v. need.) 
 
 indigenous : 1. vemaciilus (home- 
 bred, home-groion) : birds migratory or 
 t., volucres advenae, v., Varr. R. R. j, 5, 
 ad med. : vines peculiar and i. to Italy, 
 viies peculiares atque v. Italiae, Plin. 
 14, 2, 4, } 25. 2. indigjna (usu. only 
 of human beings) : the i. Latins, i. La- 
 tini, Virg. Aen. 12, 82} : of wine, indl- 
 gena vinum. Plin. 14, 6, 8, } 72. 
 
 indigent: 1. egens, ntis (usiL a 
 term of reproach) : slaves and i. persons, 
 servi et e., Cic. Att. 14, 10: sometimes 
 strengthened by an abl. : fortuna e., Cic. 
 FI. 15, }5. 2. inops, opis: v. desti- 
 tute. (X.B. — Not indigens, which is = 
 IN need.) 
 
 indigestible: 1. gravis, e (opp. 
 to levis) i. Jixxl, g. cibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 9, 24: CJeLs. 2. difficilis ad concoquen- 
 dum : cf. Cic. 1. c. 
 
 indigestion : crudltas : to die from 
 i., crudiuite mori, Cic. Fani. i;, 17 
 severe i., magna c.. Cels. 2, 6 : to remove 
 i., cr. digerere, Plin. 26, 7, 25. Phr.: 
 suffering from i., crudus, Cic. Clu. 60, 
 168: Cato. See also coN.«rn'ATioN. 
 
 indignant ; 1, indignans, ntis 
 (part, of indignor) : the soidiers i. that 
 the enemy could endure the sight of them, 
 milites i. quod conspectum suum bostes 
 ferre possent, Caes. B. (}. 7, 19: Liv. 
 (X.B — Not used of acts or words except 
 poet.) 2. indigniibundns (stronger 
 than preced.): Liv. 58. 57. Gell. 
 
 indignant to be : 1. indigner. i 
 (denoting a sense of gross injury or indig- 
 
 I N D I S ( K 1 .M I .\ A T E L T 
 
 nay) : foil, by ace. and in/. Sail. J'-g. 
 }i ; by quod and subj., Caes. (v. preced. 
 art.) ; by ace. of the object, Virg. Aen. 
 2, 9J : in prose the ace. of object is Ireq, 
 in the case of neut. prom. (cf. L. G. 
 i 25 J). 2. stimacbor, i (to bepv^ued 
 or annoyed) : Cic. 
 
 indignantly : 1. expr. by indig- 
 nabmidus, indignans : cf. L. G. } 54}. 
 2, indignanter (rare and lat«): 
 Am. : Arom. 
 
 indignation: 1. indignatio: 1. 
 bursting J urlU J rom the heart, erumpens 
 animo ac p. ctore 1., Veil. 2, 66: to ex- 
 cite i., i. movere, Liv. 4, 50, init. : Hor. 
 ( .Not so in Cic^ IHmin. indlgnatiuncula, 
 Plin.jun. 2. indignita.s (strictly, llie 
 indignity, not the sense of it) : can our 
 i. be siletU t tacita esse poterlt i. nostra ? 
 Cic. Att. 10, 8 («here the word hovers 
 between the objective and bubjetiive 
 sense) : cf. Liv. 5. 45, primum miseratio 
 sui, deinde indignitas, atque ex ea ira 
 .... 3. ir.i, stomachus: v. anger, 
 vexation. To feel i., indignari ; fuU of 
 i., indignabundus: v. preced. artt. 
 
 indignity : 1. indignitas (appli- 
 cable to any unworthy or outrageous 
 treatment) : to submit to every i. and 
 trouble, omnem i. et molestiam perferre, 
 Cic. Kani. 6, 14: every possible i. and 
 insult, emnes i. contumeliasque, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 14. 2. contOmelia: v. in- 
 sult. 
 
 indigo: (?) indicum: cf. Plin. }}, n, 
 57- J.plant, *indigofera tinctoria, 
 Linn. 
 
 indirect: 1. ^ot in a straight 
 line : perh. devius : by i. routes, d. itin- 
 eribus, Cic Att. 14, 10 : Suet. Or expr. 
 by non [paruni] rectus : v. dikect. ||. 
 Of speech, covert : ebliquus : t. speeches 
 (or remarks), ob. oratioues. Suet. l>om. 
 2, extr. : Quint. |||. In grammar . 
 ebliquus: t. speech, ob. nraiio. Just. j8, 
 J, extr.: so, ob. allocuiiones, QuinL9, 2, 
 n. Phr.: i. taxation, *lnh\il& (vecti- 
 galia) quae neque ex censu ne<iue in 
 capita imperantur sed pro raiiciic remm 
 venalium exiguntur. (N.B.— Indirectua 
 in Quint. 5, ij, 2, is probably a false 
 reading.) 
 
 indirectly : 1. oblique (by insinua- 
 tion): lac. A. J, }5: Gell. 2. expr. 
 by circuitie (roundabout speech): to 
 teach atheism i., dees cireuitione quadam 
 tollere, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40: you did not 
 speak at all i., nihil cireuitione usus es, 
 Ter. Andr. i, 2, }i- 3. tecte: v. co- 
 vertly. 
 
 indirectness : circuitio (esp. of 
 speech) : v. preced. art. ('J). Or expr. by 
 adj.: v. indirect. 
 
 indiscerptibility : expr. by verb: 
 
 v. toll. art. 
 
 indiscerptible : quod secemi, di- 
 vidi, discerpi, distrahi non potest : Cic 
 Tusc. I, 29, 71. 
 
 indiscreet: inconsultus: v. impru- 
 dent. 
 
 indiscreetly : ineonsulte, temfire : 
 
 V. IJIHKl DENTLY. 
 
 indiscretion : v. imprudence. 
 
 indiscriminate: 1. prOmiscuus: 
 i. slaughter, pr. [omniiun generum] 
 caedes, Liv. 2, jo, fin. : i. burial, pr. 
 sepultnra, Tac. 16, 16. fin. 2. Indls- 
 tinctus (rare) : Join: indistinctus et 
 premiscuus, Tac A. 6, 8. P h r. ■ to «n- 
 dulge in i. slaughter, omnes cujusvig 
 aetatis ac sexus promiscue interfioere, cf. 
 Sail. Jug. 26 cf. foil, aru 
 
 indiscriminately : 1. promis- 
 cue: Cic Agr. 2, J I. 85: Sail. (Some- 
 times the adj. may serve : cf Sail. Cat 
 12, divina atque humana promitcua = 
 promiscue: also the adv. phr., in pro- 
 miscue, occurs in Tae. : cf. Ger. 44, nee 
 arma ut apud ceteres Gemianes in pro- 
 miscuo, sed elausa sub custode.) 2. 
 expr. by discrimen, Inls. n., with a nega- 
 tive word: e. g., sme [uUo] discrimine. 
 Suet, Aug. J!; [delectu omni et] d. re- 
 mote, Cic. Kin. 4, 25, 69; omni d. sub- 
 la to, ef. id. Verr. 2, 2. 5c, I2?; nuUo d., 
 Virg Aen. I, 574 Sail.: v. distinction. 
 3. also by delectus, lis nullo ha- 
 bile delectu, ct. Cic. Off. I, 41, 149: sine 
 40t
 
 INDISPENSABLE 
 
 INDUCEMENT 
 
 INDULGENTLY 
 
 nllo d., id. Agr. 2, 21, eatr. : Gell. 20, 5 : 
 nnUo d., Ov. M. 10, J25. 4. passim 
 (here and there without distinction) .- ice 
 uvite poetry, unlearned and learned i., 
 Bcribimiis indocti doctique poemata p., 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, 117: Just. 43, i, med. 
 
 5. tgmgre : v. random (at). 6. 
 indistincte: Gell.: Dig. Join: indis- 
 tjncte atque promiscue, Gell. pre/. 
 P h r. : the pious and the impimis i., 
 nulla ratione habila piorum impiorum- 
 que, cf. Cic. Leg. i, 7, 15. 
 
 indispensable : omuino s. maxime 
 necessarius: v. necessary. 
 indispensably : v. preced. art. 
 
 indispose : i. e. to render arerse to : 
 
 1, alieno, i : opp. to conciliare et 
 commendare, Cic. Fin. j, 5, init. 2. 
 
 av6C0, I : V. TO DISINCLINE. 
 
 indisposed (part, adj.): \. Dis- 
 inclined : alienus, aversus, etc. : v. 
 AVERSE. II. Jn poor health : (leviier) 
 aegrotus, parum s. minus valens ; v. 
 ILL, UNWELL. Phr. : to feel smneuhat 
 i., offensae quid sentire, Cels. I, 6. 
 
 indisposition : I. Disinclination : 
 animus alienus : v. aveksion. ||. 
 Slight bodily disorder : 1. valetudo, 
 invaletlido (extr. reire): v. illness. 2. 
 commotiuncula (a slight i.) .- Cic. Att. 
 12, II, extr. (Sen. has motiuncula in 
 same sense, Tranq. 2, init.) 3. of- 
 fensa (esp. as caused by unsuitable food, 
 etc.) : Cels. (v. preced. art., extr.) : Petr. 
 
 indisputable : 1. cenus : v. cer- 
 tain. 2. more precisely, de quo con- 
 troversia non [nulla] est, cf. Cic. Caec. 
 II, 31; quod in contioversiam adduci 
 non potest, cf. Cic. de Or. i, 40, i8j : v. 
 CONTKOVEHST. 3. sometimes constat, 
 itit, I : denoting that a thing is genially 
 agreed upon : v. evident (to be). 
 
 indisputably: sine comroversia: 
 Cic. Off. }, 2, 7. See also certainly, 
 undocbtedly. 
 
 indissoluble : quod dis-^oivi non 
 
 potest: V. to DISSOLVE. (Indissolubilis, 
 Cic. Tim. ii, not liable to dii,solatto>i.) 
 
 indissolubly : >ta ut dissoivi nuiio 
 modo possii: v. to dissolve. (N.B. — 
 Not indissolubiliter.) 
 
 indistinct: 1. expr. by claras 
 with a negalive: u-ith an i. murmur, 
 non c. murmure, Lucan, l, 352 : i. hand- 
 tiyriting, literae minus compositae ac 
 clarae, cf. Cic. Att. 6, 9, i : v. distinct. 
 
 2. oblusus: a voice clear or i., vox 
 clara, ob., Quint. 11, }, 15 : i. vision, ob. 
 acies, Cic. Sen. 23, 83. 3. obsciirus : 
 Cic. Off. I, 37, 133 : cf. Quint. 11, 3, 60, 
 vox obscurior : V. obscure. 4. (?) sur- 
 dus: cf Plin. 35, 2, 2, J4, surdo figura- 
 rum discrimine, i. e. not clearly defined: 
 V. DULL. 5. bebes, §tis (of whatever 
 makes a duU, faint impression on the 
 senses): cf Quint, i, 11, 4: v. dull. 
 
 6. confiisus (blended together) -. i. 
 utterance, conf. os (opp. to os planum), 
 Kr. (e Cic). To render i., obscurare, 
 e. g., vocem. Quint. 11, 3, 20. 
 
 indistinctly : parum s. minus Clare : 
 v. clearly, distinctly. Phr.: to ar- 
 ticulate i., iiteras obscurare, Cic. de Or. 
 ?, 11,41; opprimere, id. Off. i, 37, 133. 
 See also obscurely. 
 
 indistinctness: expr. by adj.: v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 indistinguishable: expr. by dis- 
 linguo, iniemoscu : v. to distinguish. 
 
 indite : scribo, 3 : v. to write, com- 
 pose. 
 
 individual (a<ij) ■■ 1. singaii, ae, a : 
 v. single. 2. proprius : v. peculiar, 
 
 rROPER. 
 
 individual (subs.) : i. e. a person 
 vieieed separately : expr. by singuli, ae, 
 a : to benefit the state or the i., *aut civi- 
 tati aut singulis civibus prodesse; v. 
 single. See also person. 
 
 individuality : proprietas ingenii, 
 proprium ingenium: v. peculiauitv. 
 
 individually : singulatim ; singuli, 
 ae, a : v. singly. 
 
 indivisibility : expr. by verb : they 
 teach the absolute i. of these particles, 
 haec corpora nuUo modo dividi, secari, 
 dis(«rpi posse decent : v. to di\ ide. 
 (Individuitas, Tert.) 
 404 
 
 indivisible: 1. individuus: i. 
 bodies, i. corpora (= atomi). Cic. Kin. i, 
 6,17. 2. indlvisibilis: Diom. : Tert. 
 (N.B.— usu. better expr. by verb: quod 
 dirirai, dividi, secari, discerpi omnino 
 non potest: cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 2Q, 71.) 
 
 indocile : 1. indocilis, e {luird to 
 teach): Cic: Hor. 2. intraclabilis, 
 e (difficult to manage) : Join: dura et 
 intraclabilis [aetas]- Sen. Ep. 25, init.: 
 V. unmanageable. 
 
 indocility : indocilis natura, ind. 
 ingenium : cf Quint, i, 3, init. 
 
 indoctrinate : imbuo, 3 : v. to im- 
 bue, instruct. 
 
 indolence : 1. inertia (lack of 
 energy and activity) : to make a conces- 
 sion to i., aliquid inertiae largiri, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 15, 68. Join: segnilies atque 
 inertia, Cic. de Or. i. 41, imt. (Cic uses 
 inertia laborls, as a fuller expr., R. Com. 
 8, 24.) 2. segnities, ei ; also -a, ae 
 (backwardness, slowness : esp. in at- 
 tempting) : most inactive i., inertissinia 
 segnitia, Cic. Fin. i, 2, 5: Ter. : cf. supr. 
 (n. 3. desidia : v. sloth. 
 
 indolent: 1. iners, rtis (imocii' ye) : 
 esp. with another epith. : e. g. iners et 
 desidiosus, Cic. Agr. 2, 33. 91 ; iners, 
 ignavus, somniculosus. id. Sen. 11, 36. 
 2. ignavus (stronger than preced., 
 and impljing base, sluggish indolence : 
 cf. supr.): V. LAZY", cowardly*. 3. 
 desidiosus : v. slothful ; and cf. supr. ( 1 ). 
 4. deses, idis : Gell. 5. segnis, 
 e (slow, backward) : Join: segnis et 
 jacens [puerj, Quint, i, 3, 2. 6. piger: 
 V. sluggish. 7. lentus (easy and 
 apathetic) : v. slow. 
 
 indolently : 1. ignavg (more freq. 
 in worse sense): Virg. G. 3, 465. 2. 
 segniter : v. slowly. Join: segniter, 
 otiose, negligenter, Liv. 2, 58. 3. de- 
 sidiose : Lucr. 
 
 indomitable : 1. indomitus : usu. 
 
 in sense of not actually l/rolcen or quel- 
 led: Hercules ever i. and untiring. H. 
 indomitus semper et indefessus : Plin. 
 Pan. : Ov. : cf. invincible. 2. im- 
 piger : V. indefatigable. 
 
 in-door (a4;.) ; 1. umbratilis, e 
 (lit. in the shade; i. e. under a rotf): 
 in-door, luxurious life, vita u. et deli- 
 cata, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27. 2. umbra- 
 ticus (like preced.) : Gell. 
 
 indorse : ^. endorse. 
 
 indubitable ; indilbiiabilis, e (rare) : 
 Quint. 
 
 indubitably : sine dubio : v. un- 
 doubtedly. 
 
 induce : 1. addiico, xi, ctum, 3 
 (foil, by ut and sutg.) : / was i.d to 
 undertake this burden, adductus sum ut 
 hoc onus susciperem, Cic. IMv. Verr. 2, 
 5 : Caes. : Liv. : also foil, b.v ad and 
 ger. : he teas not easily i.d to believe, 
 non facile ad credendum adducebatur, 
 Nep. Con. 3 : Cic. : absol., i.d by these 
 considerations, his rebus adducti, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 3. Foil, by quin = ut non. 
 Suet. Tib. 21. 2. induco, xi, ctum, 3 
 (usu. in bad sense, to persuade to evil : 
 same constr. as preced.) : to i. any one 
 to tell a lie, ind. aliquem ut meiiiiatur, 
 Cic. R. Com. 16,46: V. to tempt. (N.H. 
 — Later authors use both the above 
 with infin. : quod cave imiteris.) 3. 
 persuadeo, 2 (foU. by ut and subj.) : to i. 
 by large rewards and promises, magnis 
 praemiis poUicitationibusque p. alicui, 
 ut. . ., Caes. B. G. 3, 18 : v. to persuade. 
 4. incite, I : TO urge, incite. 
 
 inducement : 1. praemium (any 
 kind nf reuard) : to hoht out i..s to any 
 one, aliquem praemiis invitare, Cic. Lig. 
 4, 12 ; elicere, id. Bal. 16, 37 (cf. preced. 
 an. 3): he should set before them vhat 
 were the i.s to war, proponeret quae p. 
 armis peterent. Sail. Cat. 21. 2. invl- 
 tamentum (rare) : to hold out no i.s to 
 anything, nulla ad aliquam rem i. afierre. 
 Cic. Hort.fr. 3. incilanientuni {ajiy- 
 thing that impels) : the strongest i. to 
 (undergo) peril and danger, maximum 
 et periculorum inc. et laborum, Cic. 
 Arch. 10, 23. 4. illficgbra, usu. pi. : 
 V. allurement. 5. expr. by verb: 
 no i. could tempt me to ..., nihil me 
 
 adducere posset ut ... : by what i.sf 
 quibus rebus adductus : v. to inodcb. 
 6. causa : v. cause. 
 induct : 1. maugtiro, 1 : his son 
 nas i.d as augur in his room, augur in 
 locum inauguratus filius, Liv. 30, 26. 
 med. : Cic. 2. consecro, i (to set 
 
 apart as sacred) : he was Jormally i.'d 
 to the see, *rite episcopus consecratus 
 est : V. TO consecrate. 
 
 induction : I. Logical : inductio : 
 Quint. 5. II, 3. jj. Formal appoint- 
 ment : 1. consecratio (by religious 
 rites) ■ Inscr. in F'orcell. 2. inductio : 
 Cod. Theod. (R. and A.). 3. expr. by 
 verb : V. TO INDUCT. 
 
 inductive : Phr.: t. reasoning, 'ar- 
 gumentandi ratio quae per inductionem 
 fit. 
 
 indue : ^- endue, endow. 
 
 indulge : I. To treat indulgently : 
 1. indnlgeo, si, 2 (with dat.) ; this 
 legion Caesar had specially i.d, huic 
 legioni Caesar indulserat praecipue, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 40, extr. : to i. a slaie, servo 
 ind.. Sen. 2. morem gero, morigeror : 
 
 V. TO HUMOUR, COMPLY WITH. ||, lb 
 
 give nay to passion, etc. : 1. indulgeo, 
 
 2 : to i one's anger, irae i., Liv. 3, 53: 
 the consids i. the ardour of the legions, 
 ind. consules legionum ardori, Liv. 9, 
 43, med. : Ov. 2. effundo, fiidi, sum, 
 
 3 (with pron. refl. or as pass, reji. : foil, 
 by prep.) : to i. {excessively) in luxury, 
 ad luxuriam effundi, Liv. 34, 6, med.; 
 in lust, in libidine [more usu. ace] se 
 effundere, Cic. Par. 3, i, 21 ; in loud 
 laughter, in cachinnos effundi, Suet. Cal. 
 32. 3. expleo, evi, ttuni, 2 : v. to 
 GRATIFY. 4. servio, 4 (to yield one- 
 self up to : with dat.) : to i. in sensual 
 pleasure, voluptalibus s.. Sail. Cat. 52, 
 nu:d. : to i. resentment, iracundiae s., 
 Cic. Prov. Cons. i,fin. |||, Intrans. : 
 to go to excess : invito, i : to »'. at the 
 table, inv. sese in coena, PI. Am. i, 1, 
 I }0 : when he i.d most ) reely (in wine), 
 quoties largissime se invitaret, Suet. 
 Aug. 77 : Sail, fr 
 
 indulgence: ,. Too lenient treat- 
 ment : 1. indulgentia (in good or bad 
 sense): excessive i. toivards any one, nimia 
 i. in aliquem, PI. \n Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 
 n!€d. : Caes. 2 venia (an act J/^ruce 
 or clemency) : to grant any one an i., v. 
 alicui dare, Cic. Arch. 2, 3: Liv. To 
 treat with i., indulgere : v. to indulge. 
 Ij. Free gratification of desires: 
 Phr.: prone to sensual i., effusus in 
 Venerem, Liv. 29, 23, wied. : devoted Co 
 every kind of vicious and depraved i., 
 vitiis flagitiisque omnibus dediiu>, Cic. 
 R. Am. 13, 38 so, voliiptatibus deditus, 
 id. Fin. i, 18, 57 : habitual i. of animal 
 desires, corporis obsequium atque indul- 
 gentia, Cic. Fin. i, 23, init.: free i. in 
 nine, largior jucundiorque vini invi- 
 tatio, GelL 15, 2 (also dimin. invitaliun- 
 culae, slight indulgeru:e, ib. in lemm.) 
 III. Papal: *indulgentia (as tech. t.) . 
 plenary i., ind. plenariae : to pleach i.«, 
 ind. praedicare, Eccl. Scr. in Kr. Or 
 expr. by circuml. : venia s. reniissio 
 peccatorum a pontifice Romano pro- 
 missa, Kr. 
 
 indulgent: 1. indulgens, ntis 
 
 (gentle with: with dat.): i. towards 
 offences, peccatis ind., Cic. Am. 24, 89 : 
 but the word has oft. a good sense, e. g. 
 indulgens pater, a kind, affectionate 
 father, Nep. Att. i : cf Cic. Clu. 5, 12, 
 quo nomen amantius indulgentiusque 
 matemum. 2. ignoscens, ntis (prone 
 to forgive) Ter. Heaut. 4, i, 32. 3. 
 
 facilis, e (easy-tempered) : more fully, 
 facilis impetrandae veniae, Liv. 26, 15, 
 init. : he shall find me an i. father, 1. 
 me uteliir patre. Ter. Heaut. 2, i. 5 : 
 the i. .\ymphs, f. Nymphae, Virg. Eel. 
 3, 9. Join: facilis, indulgens. Suet. 21. 
 4. rgmissus (the reverse of strict; 
 not standing on one's right or dignity) : 
 cf. Cic. Att. 16, 15, init., utrum remis- 
 sior essem, an summo jure contcnderem : 
 Liv. To be i. towards, indulgere (with 
 dat.) : v. TO indulge. 
 
 indulgently : indulgenter • Cic. : 
 Sen. 2t) behave i. towards, facilciu, io-
 
 INDtlRATE 
 
 INEXHAUSTIBLE 
 
 dulgentem se praebere erga aliquem : v. 
 preced. art. 
 indurate : duro. i : v. to habden. 
 industrious : 1. mdustrius (.con- 
 stantly doing smnfthing) : (men) watch- 
 ful, sober, i., vigilantes, sobrii, i., Cic. 
 Coel. }!,14: not always of proiieuorMi/ 
 activity, cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 20. 57, where 
 Dionysius of Syracuse Is called vlr acer 
 In rebns gerendis ei industrius (res<- 
 lessly active) : an active and i. " liand,' 
 opera agilis atque i., t^ol. 11, '• '"''^•; 
 Tac. 2. gnavus or navus (Jail of 
 activity and energy) : an i. labmirer, 
 operarius n., Col. 11, i. med. Join: 
 (homo) n.et industrius, Cic. Verr. j, 21, 
 init. : Hor. 3. acer, cris, ere (vigo- 
 rously active, energetic): v. ACTtVE. 
 4 strenuu* (exerting oneself) : to 
 be i. ahout ani/thitig. in aliqua re se a. 
 praebere. Ter. Ph. j, i, 12: v. vigorous. 
 5. impiger, gra. grum (active, un- 
 tiring) : so i. in writing, tam i. in scrl- 
 bendo, Cic. Fam. 2, i. 6. sediilus 
 ^pains-taking, doing one's best) : cf. Cic. 
 Br. 4T, extr., eloquentes vidi-bare non 
 sedulas conquirere velle : I'lin. 7. 
 
 diligens: v. carkful, diligent. 8. 
 assiduiis: v. assiduous. 9. studiosus: 
 esp. of application to study, Plin. Kp. }, 
 
 ^'industriously: 1. industrie : 
 
 Cats : Cic. Join: diUgenter indus- 
 trleque, Caes. B. G. 7, (o . Suet. 2. 
 assidue: v. ASSiDCorsLy. 3. sedulo 
 (usu. of one wko does his best): to dis- 
 charge a duty i. (to tlie utmost of one's 
 ability), muiicre s. fnngi, Plin. Ep. 7, 
 19 2 4 guaviier or navlier : Hor. 
 
 industry: 1. industria: ability 
 is fed bi/ i; alitur industria ingeniuin, 
 Cic. Coei. 19, 45: elaborated by i., in- 
 dustria elaboratus. Cic. Manil.tnt«. (But 
 industria is a more comprehensive word 
 than the Eng., and includes all kinds 
 of activity.) 2. asslduitas (keep- 
 
 ing close to occupation) : v. assiduity. 
 3 gnavitas or navitas (brisk ac- 
 tivity': V. rare): Am. 4. sedulitas 
 {earnest attentUm to a duty) : the i. oj a 
 poor poet, s. mall poetae, Cic. Arch. 10, 
 25. Join: operaetsedulitas, Cic. Fam. 
 8 II med. : qui labor, quae sedulitas! 
 Plin.' II, JO. j6. 5. diligentia (care 
 and attention) : v. care, diligesce. 
 6. studium (earnest devotion, eager 
 pursuit) : V. zeal. 
 
 indwelling: quod i"'"* habiuit, 
 
 sedem habet. 
 
 inebriate: inebrio, i (rare): V. to 
 
 INTOXICATE. 
 
 inebriated: ebrlus: v. drunken. 
 
 inebriation: ebrieias: v. drunk- 
 enness. 
 
 ineffable : quod verbis expnmi non 
 potest 
 
 ineffably : *supra quam verbis ex- 
 primi potest. 
 
 ineffective: Phr: am. speaker, 
 •qui paruin dicendo valet: cf. ef- 
 Ff.ctive (II.) : most of the words and 
 phr. under which may be reversed by a 
 negative. . 
 
 ineffectively : *parura cum vi atque 
 gravitate. 
 
 ineffectual : 1. i"^i"s (unthout 
 
 effect) : an i. remedy, ir. remedium, 
 'tac. H. 4, 81 : i. missiles, ir. tela, Virg. : 
 V. FRUIT1.F.SS. 2. imbi'llis, e (of no 
 warlike force) ; an i. weapon, 1. lelum, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 544. 3. vauus : v. vain, 
 IDLE (III.). 
 
 ineffectually : frustra, nequicquam, 
 
 etc. : V. HU:lTLFji.-il.Y. 
 
 inefficacious: P'rum efOcax, etc : 
 V. EFFICACIOUS. (N.B.— Not inefficax 
 in tills sense.) 
 
 inefficacy : expr. by adj. : v. effi- 
 
 CACIOU.-i 
 
 inefficiency: nearest word perh. 
 segnitia . applied to Q. Varus, Veil. 
 2, 118. 
 
 inefficient: "parum strenuus, seg- 
 nis (slow ami wanting in energy), rel 
 gerendae parum habilis: cf. efficient. 
 
 inelegance : 1. mconcinnitas (of 
 
 style) : .Suet .Aug. 86. 2. mflcetiae, 
 anim: Cat. }6, 19- 'Ubu Vetler expr. 
 
 by adj. : a style characterized by much 
 i., oratio parum elegans, oraiio iiive- 
 
 nnsta, inficeta.) 
 
 inelegant : 1. invCnustus (desti- 
 tute nf charms): Cic. .Br. 67, 257 : Cat. 
 2 lUepidus (without grace) : words 
 marked by harsh and i. strangeness, 
 verba durae il.que novltatis, Gell. 11. 7, 
 init. Join: illepidus atque inelegans. 
 Cat. 6, 2 ; non Illepidus neque Inveiius- 
 tus. Oat. j6, 17. 3. inelegans, ntis 
 (showing want of tasU) : i. style, in. 
 sermo, Suet. I)om. 20. 4. infacetus 
 or inf icetus (marked by lack of taste) : 
 Cic. : Cat. (N.B.— The above are chiefly 
 used with a negative before them ; as, 
 NOT ineUgant, cf. lU cc. : and the softer 
 forms, parum s. minus venustus, ele- 
 gans, etc., are preferable where the pre- 
 dicate is to be affirmed: v. elegant.) 
 
 5, inconcinnus (nnt well adjustM 
 or harmonizing): Hor. Ep. i, 18, 6. 
 
 6. Inurbaiius (lacking refmewml) : 
 to dis'tinguuh the i. from the polishr.d 
 witticism, in. lepido secernere dicta, Hor. 
 A. P. 27J. 
 
 inelegantly : 1. Ineleganter : C|c. 
 
 2. invgnuste: Quint. 3. iUepide : 
 
 Hor. ; Gell. 4. inurbane: Cic: Quint. 
 
 (For. svn. v. preced. art.) 
 
 ineligibility < expr. by phr. as un- 
 
 ineligible 5der eugibility, eli- 
 
 GiKi.E, witli negative. 
 
 ineloquent: 1. indisertus: C«r 
 
 2. iniacundus: Quint, (tor syn 
 
 V. ELOyCKNT.) 
 
 inept: lneptUS: V. SILLY, ABSURD. 
 
 ineptitude : ineptiae, arum : v. 
 
 FOLLY. NONSENSE. 
 
 inequality: Inaequalitas : Varr. : 
 Qiiinl. 
 
 inert : I. incapable of mmnng : 
 
 1 liiers, rtis : the i. earth, terra in., 
 Hor. bd. i, 4. 45- 2. brutus (dull, 
 sluggish): Hor. Od. i, H- 9- 3. i"'- 
 mobilis, e; v. nmovABLE. ||. Inac- 
 
 tive: iners, piger, segnis, etc.; v. in- 
 dolent. 
 
 inertly: segniler, tarde, eU. : v. 
 
 SLOWLV, INDOLENTLY. 
 
 inertness : Immobilitas : i. of water 
 (of the Dead Sea), im. aquae. Just, jo, }. 
 
 inestimable: 1. inaestimaWiis, 
 e • used by Cic. of that which has no 
 ralue. Fin. j, 6, 20; by LIv., of that 
 which is too great to be estimated, 29, 
 J2, init. : Val. Max. 4, 8, i. 2. expr. 
 by circuinl., *qui (quae, quod) omne 
 preiium excedit ; iniyoris prelli quam 
 quod aestiniari possit. 
 
 inevitable: 1. inevitabilis e 
 
 i.evils, in. mala (opp. to evitabilia), ben. 
 N. Q. 2. 50, 2 : Curt.: Tac. 2. nece.";- 
 sarius: an i. consequence, n. cumecMtio, 
 Cic. Inv. I, 29, 45 fatal and i. laws, 
 leges fatales ac n., Cic. Tim. I2. xnit. : 
 V necessary. Simly. it is i., necesse 
 est: Cic. 3. tne.luctabilis, e (a strong 
 expression) : the i. powei- of fate, in. 
 fatorum vis. Veil. 2, 57 : Virg. 4. 
 
 insupgrabilis, e (poet.) : Ov. M. M, 807. 
 5. expr. by circuml. with vican 
 non posse : v. to a\ oid. 
 
 inevitableness : necessitas ngces- 
 sltudo V. NECESSITY. (Or e.xpr. by adj. : 
 V. preced. art.) 
 
 inevitably : 1. "ecessg : one if 10 
 
 must i. id', cui 11. est morl, Cic. tat. 9, 
 17 Nep. 2. nece.ssario : v. neci:s- 
 SARiLY. 3. incvitabiliter (unclass.) : 
 Aug. 
 
 inexact : parum subtllis : v. EXACT. 
 
 inexcusable: inexcusabilis, e (v. 
 rare): H.ir. Ep. i, 18. s8: Ov. (in some- 
 what diff. sense). P li r. : such faults 
 ai-e quite i.. ea vitia nihil oranino c.xcu- 
 sationis habent, cf. Cu-. Sen. 18, 65; 
 talibus ppccatls nulla est e.xcusatio, cf. 
 Cic. in Pis. 5, 10: an i. <rror. *turpe 
 erratum et cui nullo modo ignoscere 
 possis ; cui oninino non est ignoscendum : 
 
 V. EXCUSABLE, to EXCUSE. 
 
 inexcusably: nulla excusatlone : V. 
 EXCUSE (subs.). 
 inexhaustible : 1. inexhaustus 
 
 (rare): Tac. (J. 20: Virg. 2. mfinitus: 
 V. UNBOUNDED. 3. (?) profundus Olt. 
 bottomless): with i. fullness of expres- ; 
 
 I NEXTR I C A BLE 
 
 Sion, pr. ore, Hor. Od. 4, 2, 8 : cf. Sail. 
 Jug. 81 , profunda avaritia. Phr.: the 
 adjoining woods yield an i. supply of 
 firewood, suggeriint affallm llgna silvae 
 proximae, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 26: such an i. 
 supply, copia tanla, Cic. Ph. 11, 6, 14: 
 Bo, omnium renim abundantia et cupia, 
 Cic. Am. 2}, 89. 
 
 inexorable: 1. Inexorabnis: i. 
 ton aids any one, inex. in aliquem, Cic. 
 SuU. ji, 87 ; adversus aliquem, Liv. 54, 
 4 ; contra aliquem, Gell. Fig.: i. <i«- 
 hnj/, inex. fatum, Virg. G. 2, 49'- 2. 
 illacrimabllis, e (not to be moved to 
 tears: poet.): Hor. Od. 2. 14, 6. 3. 
 diiTUS (harsh, infUxiblr) : Join: durus 
 atque inexorabills, Ter. Ph. }, 2, 12 
 where the circuml. occurs, ut neque 
 misericurdia neque precibus moUiri 
 queas. 
 
 inexorably: expr. by clraiml., iU 
 ut quis iiullis precibus moveatur; liiex 
 orabili animo : v. preced. art. 
 
 inexpediency: mutiiitas: Cic Inv. 
 2. 52, 158. (More usu. expr. by adj. : v. 
 foil, art.) 
 
 inexpedient : 1. inuniis, e (ofi. 
 
 = injurious) : a speech i. to himself and 
 the sfate, oratio in. sibi et civitati suae, 
 Liv. 42, 14, fin.: V. INJURIOUS. (<>r 
 expr. by parum, minus utills, cf. L. G. 
 \ 646 : v. EXPEDIENT.) 2. expr. by 
 exp^dit, 4, impers. (with dat. or absol.): 
 nothing can be mare in. to that end, ad 
 earn rem nihil minus expedlt; cf. Cic 
 Att. 7, 2}. 
 inexperience: 1, impCritia (mi'i 
 
 unskilfulness) : Sail. Jug. }8, init. : 
 Tac. : Quint. 2. insolentia (the state 
 of one unaccustomed to anything) : i. of 
 the bar and of trials, ins. lorl judicio- 
 rumque, Cic H. Am. Jl, ^n. f.N.B.— 
 In this sense never without depend, 
 genit. : v. Ijit. Diet. s. v.) 3. insol- 
 
 entia, inscitia : v. ignorance. 
 
 inexperienced : 1. imp^ntus (with 
 
 gen. or absol.) : a man i. in the ways of 
 the world, homo imp. niorum, Cic. R. Am. 
 49, 14) : i. in war, belli imp., Nep. Kpam. 
 7 : j.pCTSons,i.hi>mines,[rerum omnium 
 rudes ignarique], Cic. Fl. 7, 16. 2. 
 rudis, e (untrained: with gen. or in and 
 abl.): i. in war, r. rel niilitaris, Cic. Ac. 
 2, I, 2; r. agminum, Hor. Od. i, 2, 9: 
 t. in human life, in communi vita r., 
 Cic de Or. i, 58, 248: Prop.: less frcq. 
 with ad and ace. : i. in childbirth, r. ad 
 partus, Ov. Her. 11, 48. In late writers 
 absol.: i. years (youth), r. anni, Tac 
 Ann. IJ, 16. (Xlr. : Quint. 3- ignanis 
 (with gen.): v. ignorant (I.). 4. 
 
 inexpertus (not having expeiienced) : an 
 army i. and unaccustomed to prosperity, 
 e.xercitus bonis inex. aique Insueius, 
 Liv. 2J, 18: Tac 6. liro. onis, rn. 
 (strictly, o row rfcruit) ; Join: tiro, 
 pereerinus, hospes in aliqua re, Cic 
 de Or. I, 50, exti: 6. n6veUiis (rare 
 and poet.) : i. hand, n. manus, Ov. PonU 
 
 '^'iuexpert: msdtus, impgritus: t. 
 
 UNSKIIKIL. 
 
 inexpiable: "'"P'?^"^- * " ^!h„„ 
 
 inexplicable: 1. nexplicabUls. 
 
 e- Cic Ac. 2. 24. extr. Join: durus 
 
 atque inexplicabilis. Cic AtL 8, ?. a<» >■"• 
 
 2 non explicandus: v. Cic 1. c 
 
 3' inenodaliilis, e (in diff. sense in 
 
 Cic : cf. F:it. q. 18) : Alt. in Son. 
 
 inexplicably: quod (iia ut) verbis 
 explicari lu.n possit: v. to explain. 
 inexpressible: 1. in-narrabiiis. 
 
 e: V. iNDK<< RiitAiii.E. 2. qu' (quae, 
 
 quod) verbis exprimi n^n latest : v. to 
 EXPRESS. (Sometimes in;;ens may serve: 
 
 V. IJIMENSE.) . , . . 
 
 inexpressibly : *qu'Hi (ua ut) verbis 
 exprimi non i^ssit. (bometimes incre- 
 dibiliter, mirabiliter may serve: v. in- 
 credibly. WONDERFULLY.) 
 
 inexpressive: expr. by phr. under 
 EXPRE.-^sivK (With negative). 
 
 inextinguishable : mexstincins 
 
 (-tincius) : rare and poet : Ov. : cf. raBB- 
 
 PRB^SIBI.F. _ 
 
 inextricable: L inespbcaWlia, 
 e nidt to be unravelled): Quinf, 5, l». 
 loi (laquei, fig.): Curt. }. i. 2. In^ 
 
 4o>
 
 INEXTRICABLY 
 
 INFER 
 
 INFINITELY 
 
 tricabilis, e : t. vtaze (of the Labyrinth), 
 in. error, Virt;. Aen. 6, 27. 3. ineno- 
 dabilis, e : hair in i. toiots, capillus 
 inen.. Apul. See also to extkicate. 
 
 inextricably : ita ut expediri quid 
 non possit ■ v. to extricate. 
 
 injfallibility : Hhr. : to beliei-e in 
 the i. of the i'ope, *P<>iitificem Romanum 
 errare s. mentiri non posse credere. 
 
 infallible : I. That cannot ei-r : 
 qui errare non potest: v. to krr. ||. 
 Certain : certus, non dilbius : v. cek- 
 TAiN. P h r. : an i. remedy, remedium 
 eflRcacissimum, valentissimum : v. ef- 
 fectual. 
 
 infallibly: certo, procul dubio: v. 
 ceetainlv, undoubtkdlv. 
 
 infamous : 1. infamis, e : an i. 
 life, vita inf.. Cic. Font. 11, 24: i. for 
 excesses, inf. per flaKitia, Tac. Ann. 6, 1 ; 
 also foil, by ob, id. H. 2, 56 Ov. 2. 
 
 famosus : Martina i. for pois<mings, f. 
 venefieiis M., Tac. Ann. j, 7 : Hur. 3. 
 flagitiosus (disgraceful, scanihiloaa): i. 
 lasts, f. libidines. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, IJ4. 
 4. turpis, inhonestus (less strung): 
 V. DISGRACEFUL. 5. perdilus : V. 
 
 ABANDONKD. 
 
 infamously : 1. cum (magna, 
 
 maxima, summa) infamia: v. infamy. 
 2. flagitiose : v. scandalouslt, 
 disgra(;efully. 
 
 infamy : 1. infamia (ill-repute 
 in all degrees) : covered with i., opertiis 
 [dedecore et] inf., Cic. Clu. 22, 61 : to be 
 covered with i., flagrare infamia, Cic. 
 Att. 4, 18 ; inf. urgeri, id. Verr. Act. i, 
 12, j6: to bring i. upon any one, alicui 
 inf. inferre, Cic. CoelT 18, 42. 2. pro- 
 brum (a public reproa/h) : cf. Cic. Coel. 
 1. c, probrurii castis, labem integris, in- 
 famiam bonis inferre : sometimes the 
 pi. may better serve (cf. L. G. } 591) : 
 to emerge from hereditary i. and vice, 
 ex paternis probris ac viiiis emergere, 
 Cic. Verr. }, 69, 162. 3. flagitium 
 (strictly any infamous deed) : great dis- 
 grace and i., magnum dedecus et fi., 
 Cic. OfiF. }, 22, 86 : sometimes, a.s in the 
 case of probra, the pi. may serve ; cf. 
 Cic. Verr. 1. c. ^ 161, nun ail tunflagitia 
 neque ad tuas turpitudines : v. dis- 
 grace, scandal. To brand with i., 
 (1). iiifamo, I : Cic. Fam. 9. I2 : Prop. 
 (2). noto, I : Cic. Mil. 11, extr.: Hor. S. 
 I, 4, 5 : v. to brand. 
 
 infancy : 1. infantia (including 
 
 childhood ; till Vie age of seven) : more 
 precisely, prima inf., Tac. Ann. i, 4. 
 2. pueritia prima, aetas iniens : v. 
 childhoo]), youth. Phr. : from i., a 
 puerulo (a puero = from childhood, Cic. 
 Fam. ij, 16) ; ab infante. Sen. Ir. 2, ;, 
 4: Col. : of numbers, ab iufantibus, Cels. 
 1, 7, $ 15, init.: as fig. expr., a teneris 
 (ut Graeci aiunt) unguiculis, Cic. Fam. 
 I, 6 ; de ten' ro ungui, Hor. Od. j, 6, 24. 
 
 infant (subs.) -. l. infans, ntis (comp. 
 preced. art. 1) : an i. cried out in its 
 mother's womb, inf. in utero matris cla- 
 masse, Liv. 24, 10 : souls of i.s, infantum 
 animae, Virg. Aen. 6, 427. Oimins. 
 infantulus, infantula, Apul. 2, puer 
 (a male child) ; an i. " so big," p. tan- 
 tillus, Ter. Ad. 4, 2. 24 : more precisely, 
 infans puer, Cic. R. Am. 5J, i;?. So, 
 puella, infans puella, a female infant : 
 V. CHILD. (N.B. —The pi. pueri includes 
 both sexes, cf. Cic. 1. c.) 
 
 infant (.oulj.) -. l. infans, ntis (comp. 
 infancy, 1) • an i. ward, inf. pupilla, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 58, fin. 2. pufirilis, 
 
 e : V. CHILDISH 
 
 infanticide; I. The person: in- 
 fanticida (v. late) : Tert. Usu. better, 
 qui (quae) liberos suos necat. ||. The 
 crime : infanticidium (v. late) : Tert. 
 Usu. better expr. by verb ; i. is deemed 
 a crime, quemquam ex agnatis necare 
 flagitium babetur. Tac. Ger. 19. 
 
 infantine ; infantilis, e : i. pretty 
 ways. i. blandimenta. Just. 17, i,fn. 
 
 infantry : 1. peditatus, us (esp. 
 
 In general sense ; or in contrast \\ ith 
 cavalry): to be stronger in cavali'y than 
 in i., equitatu plus valere quam p., Nep. 
 Emn. i, extr. : to assemble cavalry and 
 ft equitatiun p.qus cogere, Caes. B. (i. 
 406 
 
 5, J: Cic. 2. pedestres copiae (= pre- 
 ced.) : to be strong in i., p. valere copiis, 
 Caes. B. G. 2, 17 : such vast forces of 
 cavalry and i., lantae equestres el p. 
 copiae, Cic. Fin. 2, ?4, 112: Tac. So, 
 pedes tris exerdtus, Nep. Eum. 4; p. 
 acies (as drawn up in battle). Tac. Ann. 
 2, 17 : p. pugna, an engagement with i., 
 Liv.: Suet. 3. pfides, itis; sing, or 
 pi. (esp. infantry as drawn up in battle 
 or engaged : also in gen. sense : the sing. 
 is used in more lively passages) : <jn 
 tlte right xring they station the Homan 
 horse ; next to them, the i., in dextro 
 comu Romanes equites locant, deinde 
 pedites, Liv. 22, 4; : a veteran i., vete- 
 ranus p., Liv. 21, 44, init.: the mixture 
 of i. (with cavdlry) frightened the 
 horses, turbabant equos pedites inter- 
 mixti, Liv. 21, 46: forces of cavalry 
 and i., eqnitum et p. copiae. Pomp. In 
 Cic. Att. 8, 12, C. : their strength is in 
 their i., in pedite robur, Tac. Agr. 12. 
 (N.B. — Pedes, pedites, are the terms 
 most freq. in milit. writers.) 4. 
 Sometimes milites is used so as to ex- 
 clude cavalry, Caes. B. G. 5, 10, milites 
 equitesque : so, exercitus equitatusque, 
 ib. 7, 61 (R. and A.). Phr.: to ser%^ in 
 the i., pedibus merere, Liv. 24, 18. 
 
 infatuate : infatuo, i (to make a 
 fool of) : Cic. Fl. 20, 47. 
 
 infatuated (adj.) .- demens, ntis : 
 Cic. N. D. I, J4, 94 (desipere, delirare, d. 
 esse) : esp. as exclam., i. man .' demens ! 
 Virg. passim. Phr.: f.o be so i., tanta 
 esse dementia, Auct. B. Afr. 8. 
 
 infatuation : 1. dementia • it 
 would be the height of i., summae d. 
 esse. Caes. B. G. 4, ij (also, dementis 
 esse, Cic. Off. I, 24, 8}) : v. FOLLY. 2. 
 caecltas mentis : Cic. (i) Dom. 40, 105. 
 3. furor : v. madness. 
 
 infeasibility : ^'- impossibility. 
 
 infeasible: v. impossible. 
 
 infect : |. L i t. : 1. expr. by 
 contagio «. contagium, with a verb : f 
 disease) i.s the whole flock, universum 
 gregem contagione prosternit, Cul. 7, 
 
 5, m«d. : lest one should i. the rest, ne 
 quis contagione ceteros labefaciat. Col. 
 
 6, 5 : the disease id others, contagium 
 morbi in alios vulgatum est. Curt. 9, 
 10, init. 2. coinquino, 1 (rare) : Col. 
 
 7, 5. 3. inficio, feci, fectuni, } (rare 
 in this sense) : cf. Tac. Ann. 6, 7, phires 
 infecti quasi valetudine et contactu : 
 where, however, the expr. is fig. See 
 also infection. ||. Fig. : of vice: 1, 
 inficio, J (in good or bad sense): to be 
 i.'d xrith vices (by example), vitiis in- 
 fici, Cic. Leg. j, u, jo. 2. contamino, 
 1 : more fully, contagione (alicujus rei) 
 c, Cic. (.f) Dom. 41, 108 : V. to poLLtrrE. 
 
 infection: |,_Lit. : 1. conta- 
 gio, onis, /. ; s. contagium, i (the latter 
 esp. poet.) : to be spread by i., conta- 
 gione vulgari (v. to infect): sheep are 
 especially liable to i., praecipue oves 
 contagione vexantur. Col. 7, 5. 2. 
 contaclus, us (by touch) : cf. Liv. 4, jo, 
 vulgati contactu in homines morbi. 
 Phr.. to prevent i., ne (murbidi) aliis 
 tabem afferant. Col. 6, 5. ||. Fig.: 
 contagio: the i. of that fanaticism has 
 spread, superstiiionis illius c. pervagata 
 est, Plin. Ep. 10, 96 (97) : Cic. 
 
 infectious : qui (quae, quod) con- 
 tagione vulgatur : v to infect. 
 
 infelicity: infelultas: Cic. 
 
 infer: 1. colligo, legi, lectum, j : 
 you may i. from that hoii' busy I am, 
 ex eo c. poteris quanta occnpatiune dis- 
 tinear, Cic. Att. 7, 2} : Petr. 2. cun- 
 jicio, jeci, jectum, ? (implying some diflfi- 
 culty or uncertainty) : to i. so shrewdly 
 (of the first Brutus), tam acute argute- 
 qne c. (de re), Cic. Br. 14, 5{: Nep. 
 3. infero, }, irr. (a tech. term, 
 denoting a formal inference) : then it 
 is i.'d, deinde infertur, Cic. Inv. i, 48, 
 89. yiiint. 5, 11,27. 4. interprgtor, 
 I (to put a certain construction -upon 
 words or acts) : do not from necessity i 
 design, nolite consilium ex necessitate 
 int., Cic. Ptab. Post. 11, init. See also to 
 conclude. Phr.: hence it may be i.'d, 
 ex quo eDfici cogique potest (R. and A.): 
 
 but the expr. is stronger than Eng. : T 
 TO prove ; also to follow (Phr.). 
 
 inference : conjectiira, concliisio : v 
 conclusion (111.). To draw an i. : v 
 TO infer. Phr: a false i. is drawn 
 aliud quam cogebatur illatum est, Cic 
 Inv. I, 47, 87 : V. TO infeb (3). 
 
 inferentially : *ex conjictura; qua 
 teiius conjectura colUgere licet. 
 
 inferior («''/) ■■ 1. inferior, us : 
 vot i. in rank, dignitate non int.. Caes. : 
 in civil lair not i. to his master, in jure 
 civili non inf. quam magister, Cic. Br 
 48, 179 i. courage, inf. animus, Caes 
 B. G. J, 24. 2. deterior, us (denoting 
 positive cu cell as relative infervnity) : 
 in cavalry he icas i., peditatu erat d., 
 Nep. Eum. } : an i. and faded age, d. 
 ac decolor aetas, Virg. Aen. 8, J26: Hor. 
 Very i., deterrimus : Cic. : Virg. 3. 
 minor, us : i. to the original inventor, 
 inventore m., Hor. S. 2, l, 48 : i. i» 
 virtue and honour, viriute et honore m., 
 Hor. 4. impar, aris : v. unequal. 
 5. pfjor, us (like deterior, but 
 stronger) : v. bad. Phr.: i. in num- 
 bers, pauciores (v. few) : i. in beauty, 
 brilliancy, etc., minus pulcher, splen- 
 didus, etc. : v. less (adv.). 
 
 inferior (subs.): 1. impar, aris: 
 married to an i., juncta imparl, Liv. 6, 
 34: Tac. 2. esp. in pi., infeiior: 
 
 men envy most their equals or i.s, invi- 
 dent homines maxime paribus aut inf., 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 209 : to be conquered by 
 an i., vinci ab inf. [atque humiliori], 
 Cic. Quint J I, 95. 3. subjectus (rare 
 except in pi.); to instruct his is, ul 
 (villicus) edoceat subjectos. Col. 11, 1, 
 init.: v. subject. 
 
 infernal: 1. infemus: the i. 
 deities, inf. I)ii, Liv. : Virg. : i. appear- 
 ance, [velut] inf. aspectus, Tac. G. 41. 
 2. Tartareus (poet.): Virg.: Ov. : 
 Lucan. The i. regions, (1). infgri, orum : 
 in the i. regions, ad inf., Cic. Ph. 14, 12, 
 J2J apud inferos, id. Tusc. i, 5, 10. (2). 
 manes, ium, m. (strictly, the shades of 
 the deceased : poet.) : the unfatKomable t. 
 regions, m. profundi, Virg. G. I, 24}. 
 (3). Tartarus, pi. -a (poet.) : Virg. : Ov. 
 (passim). (4). Orcus (strictly a name 
 of I'luto): Virg. Aen. 6, 27^: in Aen. 2, 
 )98, demittinius Oreo, the word is used 
 personally. See al^o grave (subs. IL). 
 
 infernally: velut inferno more: v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 infertility : sterilltas : v. barrenness. 
 
 infest : 1. expr. by infestus (hos- 
 tile, dangerous) and a verb : the forest 
 has been more and more i.'d by banditti, 
 saltus frequentioribus latrociniis infes- 
 tior factus est, C. Asin. in Cic. Fam. 10, 
 ji : so, [mare, etc.] infestum habere, 
 Cic. Rep. }, 12: Liv. 2. infesto, i 
 (to render unsafe : not in Cic.) to i, 
 the sea by piraiy, mare int. piraticis 
 sceleribus, Veil. 2, 7J: used by Col. of 
 tumours attaclcing cattle. Col. 6, 14, _/in. 1 
 Plin. : cf. foil. art. 
 
 infested (part, adj.): infestus: re- 
 gions i. uHth serpents, loca inf. serpenti- 
 bus. Sail. Jug. 89 : v. to inff.st. 
 
 infidel (subs, and adj.) : *infidelis, 
 e : Vulg. I Tim. v. 8 : Salvian. (Better 
 expr. by circuml., qui lieo, Christo, etc., 
 non credit : v. to bklieve.) 
 
 infidelity : incredulltas : cf. Vulg. 
 Rom. iii. } : Paul. Nol. v. unbelief. 
 Phr.: a trork directed against inf., 
 *liber in eos scriptus qui Deum, qui 
 fidem Christianam, qui religionem om- 
 nino lollere conantur. 
 
 infinite: 1. infinitus: in philos. 
 sense : Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104 : in loose 
 Sense = very great : the i. toil of the 
 bar, inf. rerum forensium labor, Cic 
 de Or. init. : VeU. : Tac. 2. im- 
 
 mensus: v. immeasurable. 
 
 infinitely : |. in piiilos. sense : 
 infinite: Cic. Acad, i, 7. 27. Phr.: i. 
 greater, omnibus partibus major, Cic 
 Fin. 2, }}, 108. II. in colloq. sense, 
 very greatly: 1. infinito (with all 
 words denoting comparison) : i. more, 
 inf. plus, QuinL 8, 4, 25 : to be i. supe- 
 rior, inf. praestare, Plin. 25, 8, 52. 11 
 increase be denoted, in [ad] infinitum.
 
 INFINITIVE MOOD 
 
 1 N F LU E N V K 
 
 IN FLOENTIAL 
 
 Plin. ?4, 2, I. 2. incredibiUter, etc. : 
 
 V. IMMKNMEI.V. 
 
 infinitive mood: infiniiivus (m6- j 
 duo), Pri^c. 8, u (p. 822); infiiiiiura 
 verb\iiii, yuint. 9, j, 9. 
 
 infinity: 1. inflnttas: i. of space. 
 Inf. locorum, Cic. N. I), i, 26, 7? : also in 
 «)ncr. sense. Id. Tusc. 5, 59, 114: Amm. 
 2. Infiiiitio ; a term coined by Cic. 
 ■=a7reipia, Fill. 1.6, 21. 3. «xpr. by 
 adij. ■ V. INFINITK. 
 
 infirm: inviilidus, infirmr.s, inibe- 
 cillus, dcbills: v. fkeble, weak. See 
 
 also IBRESOLUTE. 
 
 infirmary : 1. nfisScfimium (voo-o- 
 Kou-ilov) Cud. Just. I, 2, 19. 2. vale- 
 luiliiiiirmni (_a sklc-room) : Sen. Ep. 27. 1. 
 
 iafirmity : I. in abstr. sense : 
 
 iuhrinius, imbeclllitas : v. weakness, 
 KKAiLTi. II. Concrete: o fault: 
 
 vltiuin: H(ir. S. i, j, i. 
 
 inflame: I. T'> arouse pas.slon: 
 
 I. aicendi), di, sum, j (denoting Ihe 
 first stiiring up of atigii/ fttling) : this 
 circumstance had gieatlii i.d Marius 
 against Metellus, quae n-s Mariuni con- 
 tra M>'tellum veheinenter accenderat. 
 Sail. Jug f>4. very oft. foil, by iram, 
 invidiam, odium, discordlam, etc. : Liv. : 
 Curt : V. TO KINDLE. 2. iiicendo, } 
 (stronger than preced., and denoting a 
 state of mind as the result); to i. any 
 one's desire, alicujiis cupiditatein inc., 
 Cic. Fam. 15, 21 : / am i.d with anger, 
 (ncendor ira ! Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 47 ; Cic. 
 (not accendor in this constr.) : Virg. ; 
 Juv. 3. inflammo, i (like incendo, 
 but a more rhetorical expr.) : to i. or 
 extinguish emotion, animorum motus 
 vel inf. vel exstlnguere, Cic. de Or. i, 14, 
 60 : to heighten and i. the desires, cupidi- 
 tates augere atque inf., Cic. Fin. i, 16, 
 51. (N.B.— The simple verb is rare and 
 poet. : chiefly in p. part, flamniatus, 
 Virg. Aen. i, 50.) 4. u'o. "s^^'- usium, 
 } (to bum wit/i love or jealousij) : me 
 love i.s, me urit amor, Virg. E. 2, 68 : 
 Hop. 5. in pass, ardeo, si, sum, 2 : 
 esp. incept, ardesco, j : she becomes i.d 
 as she gazes, ardescit tuendo, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 71 J Lucr. So, flagro, I : to be i.d 
 with hatred, odio flagrare, Cic. de Or. 
 I, 45, 193 : Suet. See also to excite. 
 
 II, In med. sense, to produce in- 
 flammation : inflammo, l : Plin. 22, 2}, 
 49 ^ 106. 
 
 inflamed, to be: flagro, ardeo: v. 
 
 preced. art. (I., Jin.). 
 inflammable : ad exardescendum 
 
 facilis; V. COMBUSTIBLE. 
 
 inflammation : inflammatio : i. at- 
 taclcs the eyes, oculos int. occupat. Gels. 
 6, 6, 1 : to remove i., inf. discutere, sedare, 
 Plin. 
 
 inflammatory: |. In medic, sense, 
 causing inflammation : qui (quae, quod) 
 corpus inflaiiiraat, corporis inflamma- 
 tionem niovet, habet : v. inflammation. 
 
 II, Fig.; exciting violence and sedi- 
 tion: 1. seditiosus: Caes. H. G. i, 17, 
 s. atque iniproba oralio Cic. : v. sedi- 
 TioDs. 2. turbulentiis: cf. Cic. Att. 
 4,, },med., contiunes lurbulentae Metelli, 
 .... furiosissimae Clodii. 3. expr. by 
 circuml., aptus ad bominuni aninios, ad 
 aniiiioruin motus, iiiflamniandos «. cou- 
 citandos: v. to inflame. 
 
 inflate: I. I'i i- ; to swell out by 
 
 hUnviiig : 1. inflo, i : the canvas is 
 i.d by Vie wind, inflatur carbasus vento, 
 Virg. Aen. ;, 557 : Phaedr. .- Cic. 2. 
 
 Bufflo, I {by introducing vind under) .- 
 to i. Uie skin, cutem s., Plin. 8, 38, 57 
 PI. II. Fig.: oi elation, pride: \. 
 Inflo, I : to i. any one's mind with false 
 hope, alicui animos spe falsa inf, Cic. 
 in Pis. }6, 89: 1-iv. (N.B.— Noi sufflo 
 in this sense.) 2. to be i.d, tiimeo, ui, 
 2 : to be i.d with em.pty pride, inani 
 superbia t., Phaedr. i, j, 4: Juv. (but 
 both tumeo and tuniesco are oftener 
 used oi ferment tf filing). 3. turgeo, 
 si, 2 (esp. of diction ; to be i.d, boni- 
 bastic) : Hor. A. P 27. Join: [oratio 
 quae] turget ei iiiflata est, Auct. Her. 
 4, 10, 15. In same sense, turgesco, } : 
 Quint. 12, 10, 7i. See also elated 
 (to be). 
 
 inflated (pa'' cdj.): l. inflatus 
 (boih lit andiig.); Cic: Quint. J^.m: 
 inflatus et tumeiis. Dial. Or. 18; inf. et 
 inaiiis, t^uiiit. 12, 10, 16 cf. preced. 
 art. (3). 2. tQniidus esp. of dulion, 
 opp. to the truly grand (g^andi^), yuini. 
 10, 2, 16: Liv.: I'liii. jiin. 3. I'T- 
 gldus (rare in this sense) Hor. S. I, 10, 
 }6. 4. tuniens, lurgewens; v. pre- 
 
 ced. art. (11). 
 
 inflation: usu. of style; tumor (im- 
 modicus): t^uint. 12, 10, 7J. Or expr. 
 by neut. of atlj. (cf. L. G. J 342); Ut 
 there be no i., ne quid sit InflatI, ne quid 
 turgidi : v. inflated. 
 
 inflect : 1. dgi Uno, i ; Varr. : 
 
 tjuint. 2. iiiclino, I : Gel!. 3. 
 
 flecto, xi, xuni, ? : Quint. 8, i, j6. (lii- 
 flecto is to mark with the circumjt^x 
 a/cent: Arnob. I, 58, p. }$■) CI. lull 
 art. 
 
 inflection : 1. declinatio (In older 
 writers including all formations of woi ds 
 from each otiu-r) : Varr. E. E. 8, 2 $ ; ; 
 in Quint. I, 4, U, used of the formaium 
 of taites: so Varr. L. E. 10, 26 ^ 166. 
 The form declinatus, us, also occurs: 
 Varr. 2. flexura ; Varr. E. E. 10. 
 
 28 } 166. Also flcxus, u&: Quint. I, 
 6. 15. 
 
 inflexibility : 1. obstinatio (in 
 good or bad sense) : v. firmnf-ss, obsti- 
 nacy. 2. rigor animi (with harsh- 
 ness) : Tac. Ann. 6, 50 : Sen. 
 
 inflexible: I. Eit.: rigidus; V. 
 
 stiff, UNBENDING. ||, Fig.: 1. ob- 
 
 stlnatus : i". will, obs. voluntas [et oflir- 
 niataj, Cic. Att. i, ii : i. against tears, 
 obs. adversus lacrj'mjis, Eiv. 2, 40. 2. 
 Tl^iivii (harsh,stern,unyielding):{Cato) 
 of i. integrity, r. innocentiae, Eiv. 59, 
 40 : Hor. 3. t^nax propositi : Hor. 
 Od. }, J, I. 4. inflexibilis, e (rare) : 
 i. obstinacy, inf. obstinatio, Plin. Ep. 10, 
 96 (97), } : Sen. See also persevering, 
 obstinatf. 
 
 inflexibly : 1. obstinate : v^ 
 
 FIRMLY (4); obstinately. 2. rfgide 
 
 (severely, sternly): Val. Max. 9, "), fin. 
 
 3. obstinata mente, inflexibili ob- 
 
 stinalione: v. preced. art. 
 
 inflexion: v. inflection. 
 
 inflict : I. To lay on, bring ujxni : 
 
 1. infligo, xi, ctum, } (violently : 
 with ace. and dat.) : to i. a deadly blo'r 
 (fig.), mortiferam plagam inf., Cic. Vat. 
 8, 20 : to i. to.ts upon the state, danina 
 civitati inf.. Just, j, 5, med. 2. InRro, 
 tali, latum, }, irr. (to bring upon, in 
 any nay: with ace. and dat.): (the 
 missiles) i.'d many tvouiuis upon our 
 men, multa nostrls vulnera inferebant, 
 Caes. B. C. 2. 6; v. to BRING upon. 3. 
 adigo, egi, actum, j (to drive home a 
 thrust) : he i.'d a wound through the 
 helmet, vulnus per galeani adegit, Tac. 
 Ann. I, 61 : Virg. 4. impoiio, p6sui, 
 Ttum, 5 (only fig.) : to i. vounds upon 
 the commonwealth, reipublicae vulnera 
 Imp., Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 66. P h r. : to i. 
 bh'ws upon any one, colaphos alicui in- 
 Iringere, Ter. Ad. 2, I, 45; incutere, 
 Juv. 9, ; : to i. an injury, injiiriam 
 ofl^erre, facere, etc. (v. injury). ||. 
 TV) impose punishment or a line : Phr. : 
 to {.punishment upon any one, roenam 
 aipere de aliquo, Eiv. 2, 5, med. ; in 
 aliquem. Curt. 4, 6, fn.; suppliciuni 
 [usu of capital punishment] de aliquo 
 suniere, Caes. B. G. 6, 44: Cic. ; poena 
 aliqu m afficcre, Qc. Off. 2, 5, extr. : to 
 i. a fine, multam (alicui) irrogare, Cic. 
 Mil. 14, j6. 
 
 infliction ; I. 1^* "ct of inflict- 
 ing : expr. by verb : v. preced. art. Tlie 
 i. of a fine, multae irrogatio, Cic. Rab. 
 perd. ;, 8. ||. r/ie ptini.sAm«/it; poena, 
 malum, inconim6diim. etc 
 
 inflorescence : Cos : v. flower. 
 
 influence (subs.): |. Poner ex- 
 erted, esp. by suasion, or in any manner 
 tvithout violence : 1. vis, vim, vi,/. 
 
 (p<ncer worting iti whatever way) : to 
 have greater i. to deter than to encou- 
 rage, majorem vim habere ad deter- 
 rendum quam ad cohoriandum. Cic. 
 de Or. I, 61, 258: V. FORCE, power. 
 
 2. momentum (that which, inclines 
 
 the scale: influences eretUs one way or 
 the other) : by a slight i. to be tvaytd 
 this way or that, levi m. hue vel illuc 
 inipelli, Ter. Andr. i, ?, ji : to liave 
 great i. either v ay, magnum in utram- 
 que partem m. habere, Caes. B. C. ?, 70: 
 
 so, magrio m. e-i-e ad , Cic Inv 2, 26, 
 
 77. Phr.: to have t., ( ). valeo, 2: 
 prudence nill hwe no i. without justice, 
 sine Jiistltia nihil valebii prudentia, Cic. 
 Olf. 2, 9. eitr.: the purjiose ./w vhich 
 usu. expr. by ad, e>p. with gerund., 
 Caes. B. 1;. 6, ?o. ('I), polleo, 2 (more 
 Ireq. in sense IV., q. v.): justice has 
 moie i. in insfdring ronfidence, jiistitia 
 a<l tidem faciendam plus p., Cii . Off. 2, 
 <), fin. (;i). pos^llm, irr. (rliiefly with 
 niiilium, plus, plurimiim. nihil, etc.): 
 fortune has great i. in everi/thing, 
 iiiultum in omnibus rebus p. lortuna, 
 Caes. B. li. 6. }o. to have mine i. with 
 any OhC, plus apud aliquem p., Cic 
 Verr. }. 57, iji. II. Sp. cially, tpi- 
 ritual or dii-ihc inf .: \. aftialus, us : 
 no gieat man irithimt a divine 1, nemo 
 vir magnus sine aliquo af. divinu, Cic. 
 .\. 1). 2, 66, 166. .• . Instinctu», iis 
 
 (any urging or piompting; whereas 
 afllatus is an inypiratimi): Join: in- 
 ►tinctus divinus afflatusque, Cic. iJlv. i, 
 18, 34; impulsus InslinclUfque, Gell. i, 
 II. med. III. Impiessiun jrrodaced 
 
 upon the feelings : expr. by moveo, i>er- 
 m6veo: v. impression (IV.). |V. '"'•r- 
 sonal or otiier importance and weiglU : 
 
 1. auctoritas (esp. resulting J n/m 
 character) : grey hairs and wi mklet 
 cannot all at once give i., non cani, non 
 rugae repente a. afferre possunt, Cic. 
 Sen. 18,62: to iMve very great i. with 
 any one, plurimuni apud aliquem auc- 
 torltatis habere, CSc Att. 16, 16 (A.). 
 
 2. 6pes, um, f. (wealth, res'mrcei, 
 power) : v. wealth, etc. 3. p&tentli» 
 (excessive inf., predominance) : Vie i. of 
 the oligarchy increased, pauconini p. 
 crevit. Sail. Cat. jg. Phr.: to have i., 
 (1). polieo, 2: to have paramount i. in 
 the state, plurimum p. In republica, 
 Caes. B. C. i, J : also loll, by ad, where 
 an end is expressed, Cic. Off. 2, 9. .'">• 
 (2). vaioo, 2 (less emphatic than polieo) : 
 he has much i. in the Fabian tribe, hie 
 multum V. in Fabia, Hor. Ep. 1. 6, 52. 
 (3). possum, irr. (for constr., v. supr. I., 
 fin.) : to have the greatest i. vith any 
 one on the giound nf friendshift, apud 
 aliquem amlcitia plurimum p.. Cic. 
 K. Am. I, 4. V. l'e^'^>nal veight as 
 exerted in trials, eleitions, etc.: gratia: 
 cf. Caes. B. G. 1. 9, »;ratia aique largi- 
 tione apud Sequanos plurimum poterat : 
 to carry a point by one's i., gr. sua" 
 aliquid efficcre, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, med. 
 
 influence (v.). l. mOveo, movi, 
 turn, 2 : to be much i.d bii ctuhrm. coiisue- 
 tudine multum moveri, Caes. B. G. I.^4: 
 to i. the minds of judges, animos judicum 
 m.. Quint. 6, 1. 2 : Cic. So conips. per- 
 mSveo (strengthened from moveu),com- 
 nioveo (to excite and agitate) : to i. by 
 promises, by threats of danger, pollicU 
 tationibus, dennntialioiie periculi perm., 
 Caes. B. C. i, 9; Cic. 2. Impello, 
 pello, ? : V. TO INDUCE. Phr.: vho 
 knows not that fortune grfatlyi.s event* 
 both nays, magnum vim esse in forluna 
 in utramque partem quis ignorat .' Cic. 
 Off. 2, 6, 19: .so, magnu monienio esse 
 ad . . ., Cic. Inv. ?, 26, 77 ; that circum- 
 stance above all i.d people to . . . , ea 
 res in primis studia huminum accen- 
 debat ad ..., Sail. Cat. 2}: v. preced. 
 art. (E). 
 
 influential : 1. gravis, e : as ap^ 
 plied to i)cr.-oiis. more luUy, auctorltate 
 gravis, Cic de Or. 2, ?7. '54: v. weighty, 
 IMPORTANT. 2. e.xpr. by auctoritas: 
 most i. and distinguished persons. In 
 quibus .sumnia a. et amplitudo, Cic. 
 K. Am. 1,2: so 1. a leader, lanift a. dux, 
 Cic Att. 7, 7. ad fin. : cl. supr. (1). 3. 
 piitens (possessing ascendancy in the 
 stall-) : v. POWERFUL. 4, amplua 
 
 (enjoying high position and distinc- 
 tion) : i. (liistivguished) and h/mour- 
 able families, a. et honestae tamiliae 
 Cic Mur. 7, 15: Caes. 5. expr. by 
 
 401
 
 INFLUENZA 
 
 INGEN UOUSN ESS 
 
 INHABIT 
 
 poUeo, valeo, 2 (to be i.) : v. influence, 
 subs. (IV., Phr.). 
 
 influenza; *catarrhi genus quod 
 influenza dicitur. 
 
 influx : influxlo (v. rare) : Macr. 
 Betler expr. by influo, affluo, etc. : there 
 lias an unusual i. of strangers to the 
 capital, *advenarum ingens multitudo 
 in urbem influxerat: v. to flock in, 
 FLOW m. 
 
 infold ; involve, amplector : v. to 
 
 WRAP UP, EMBBACE. 
 
 inform: I. jf« PH'^ shape to, or- 
 ganize : effingo, formo, iuformo : v. to 
 FASHION, FORM. ||. 'J'o give intelli- 
 gence: 1, certiorem fade, j (the cir- 
 cumstance about which, expr. by de and 
 abl. or gen., also by clause) : the Hel- 
 vetii were i.'d of Caesar's arrival, H. de 
 Caesaris adventu certiure.* facti sunt, 
 C'aes. : he i.'d me of his design, c. me 
 sui consilii fecit, Cic. : toll, by ace. and 
 inf., Caes. B. G. i, ii ; by rel. and subj., 
 Cic. Att. J, tl. 2. doceo, 2 (in tbis 
 sense, usu. foil, by de and abl., or by rel. 
 clause ; but an ace. of neut. pron. may 
 be used, cf. I.. G. $ 25 j): that Sulla 
 should be i.'d of these things, Sullam de 
 his rebus doceri, Cic. R. Am. 9, 26 : with 
 ace. and inf., Caes. B. G. j, 5 ; with rel. 
 and subj., Cic. K. Am. 9, 25 : v. to show, 
 POINT OUT. 3. nuntio, i (by messenger 
 or letter) : v. TO announce, tell. 4. 
 expr. by cognosce, novi, iiitum, } : v. to 
 
 ASCERTAIN, LEARN. |||. To inform 
 
 against, in legal sense: 1. (nomen) 
 
 defero, 3, irr. : constr. with gen. of per- 
 son, and abl. of cliarge with de, nomen 
 alicujus de aliqua re def., Cic. R. Am. 
 10. 28 ; also with dot. of person and 
 gen. of charge, alicui nomen alicujus rei 
 def., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, 68 : in later 
 writers, defero takes a direct ace. of the 
 person, to i. against (accuse) any one 
 for adultery, aliquem adulterii d., Tac. 
 
 A. 4, 42 : V. TO ACCUSE. 2. indico, i ; 
 indicium profiteor (" to turn king's evi- 
 dence") : V. INFORMATION. 
 
 informal: perh. vitiosus (strictly, 
 with ref. to the auspices) : cf Cic. Ph. 2, 
 J}, 84, vitiosus consul = vitio creatus. 
 
 informality : perh. \itium (strictly 
 with ref. to defect in the auspices) : 
 comp. foil. art. 
 
 informally : vltio : Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 
 II : cf. preced. art. 
 
 informant: I. One who imparts 
 information ; auctor (one who is respon- 
 sible for what is staled) : cf. Cic. Att. 
 14, 8, sibi insidias fieri ; se id certis auc- 
 twibus (informants, or, as we say, in- 
 formation that could be relied on) : fie 
 told Vie fact, without mentiiming the 
 name of his i., rem narravit, sublato 
 auctoris nomine,.Sall. Cat. 24. ||, In 
 legal sense : deliitor: v. informer. 
 
 information : I. intelligence : 
 
 Phr.: having received i. of this, ceriior 
 factus de his rebus, Caes. pass. (v. to 
 INFORM) ; his rebus cognitis, Caes. pass. : 
 on reliable i., luculenlis, certis auctori- 
 bus (v. preced. art.) : inf. by letter or 
 messenger, nuntius, sing, or pi., Caes. 
 
 B. G. 2, 2, init. (v. news, tidings). ||. 
 Knowledge possessed .- Phr.: (a person) 
 of great i., *multarum rerum scientia 
 instructus: v. knowledge. |||. Legal 
 denuruMtion : delaiio: Cic: Tac. To 
 lay an inf. against a»y one, (nomen) 
 defero, }, in:: v. to inform (IJl.): to 
 give i. (nhen a guilty person betrays his 
 accompiic'-s), indico. i : e. g., ind. de 
 conjuratione, Sail. Cat. jo : so, to offer to 
 give t., indicium profiteri. Sail. Jug. j; ; 
 ind. offrrre, Tac. A. 11, }$. See also 
 
 INDICTMENT. 
 
 informer : 1. delator (esp. a dis- 
 honest, ve'ial i., as under the Empire): 
 rewards given to i.s, praemia delatorum, 
 Suet. Ner. 10: Tac. Join: criminuin 
 auctores delatoresque, Liv. 45, ji. med. 
 Phr.: fie had been an i. under i\ero, 
 temporibus Neronis delationes factita- 
 verat, Tac. H. 2, 10. 2. quadruplator 
 (v. Diet. Ant. p. 980) : vilest of i.s, 
 buadruplatorum deterrimus, Cic. Verr. 
 2, 2, 8, 22: Liv. 3. inde.x, Ms c. 
 (e^. one who betrays fiis accmnplices) : 
 408 
 
 all tfiose facts i.s iMve revealed, haec 
 omnia indices detulerunt, Cic. Cat. 4, j, 
 iitit. : i.s and assassins, i. alque sicarii, 
 Cic. Mur. 24,49. (N.B. — N ot accusator, 
 except in late authors, cf. Suet. Aug. 
 66, med.) 
 
 infraction : expr. by vTSlo, rumpo, 
 etc.: V. TO VIOLATE. Phr.: tobeguilty 
 of an i. of a treaty, contra foedus lacere, 
 Cic. Bal. 4, 10: no more palpable i. of 
 duty, nihil magis officio contrarium, Cic. 
 Off. I, 14, 4J. 
 
 infrequency : raritas : v. rarity. 
 Sometimes best expr. by raro : v. 
 
 SELDOM. 
 
 infrequent : rarus : v. rare. 
 
 infrequently : raro : v. seldom. 
 
 infringe : vieio, rumpo, frango 
 (rare): v. to break (III.) Phr. to 
 i. a right or claim, jus imminuere, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, i, jj, 84. 
 
 infringement: Phr.: an i. of any 
 one's dignity, dignitatis alicujus immi- 
 nutio, Cic. Fam. j, 8 : v. infraction. 
 
 infuriate ("•) •■ effgro, i : that butch- 
 ery positively i.d the Tliebans, ea vero 
 caedes efferavit Thebanos [ad exsecra- 
 bile odium Romanorum], Liv. }}. 29. 
 
 infuriated (part. a({j.) : turens, 
 fflribundus, etc. : v. enraged, exaspe- 
 rated. 
 
 infuse : I. L i t. : Infundo, J . V. 
 to pour in. II, Fig. : to instil, in- 
 spire : injicio, jeci, jectum, }: v. to 
 inspire. 
 
 infusion : I. ^c< of pouring in : 
 infusio (rare) : Plin. (Dsu. better expr. 
 by infundo: v. to pouk in.) ||. Act 
 of inspiring : expr. by injicio, etc.: v. 
 to inspire. III. A Jiuid impregnated 
 by steejring sometfiing in it : dililtum : 
 an i. of u'ornivood, (absinihi) dil., Plin. 
 27, 7, 28: if boiled, decoctum: v. de- 
 coction. 
 
 ingathering: percept io (frugum): 
 Cic. Off. 2. J, 12. See also harvest. 
 
 ingenerate : genero, gigno : v. to 
 beget. 
 
 ingenious : 1, sellers (solers), 
 rtis: provideiit and i. Nature, provida 
 s.que Natura, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128: 
 nothing more i. (than grafting), nihil 
 soUertiiis, Cic. Sen. 15, extr. 2. sub- 
 tilis, e (strictly, fine, jirecise ; hence, 
 nice, clever): a most i. invention, sub- 
 tilissimum inventum, Plin. ?i, i. 2j. 
 Join : sullers subtilisque, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 47. 121. 3. artif iciosus : i.anddinne 
 fiandiworlc, a. divinumque opus, Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 55, I j8. (N.B. — Not ingenlosus, 
 which is fiigfdy gifted, in gen. sense.) 
 Phr.: an i. but simple contrivance was 
 resorted to, nova baud magni operis ex- 
 cogitatii res est, Liv. }8, 7 : a very i. 
 piece of mechanism, opus singular! sol- 
 lertia ac subtilitate perfectum, cf. Cic. 
 Verr. 4, n, 72: o iconderfully i. mili- 
 tary engineer, niirabilis inventor ac 
 machinator bellicorum tormentorum, 
 Liv. 24, 34> i'"'- 
 
 ingeniously; 1. soilerter (sol.): 
 v. SKILFULLY. 2, artif iciosB : Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 22, init. 3. magna s. siu- 
 
 gulari soUertia ac subtilitate: v. inge- 
 Nurry. (N.B. —Not ingeniose : v. pre- 
 ced. art.) 
 
 ingenuity: 1, sollertia(soler-): no 
 craftsman can come up to the i. of nature, 
 naturae sollertiam nemo opifex conse- 
 qui potest imitando, Cic. N. 0. 2, 32, 8i. 
 Join: macbinatio [quaedamj atque 
 sollertia, Cic. N. D. 2, 48, init. : v. 
 skill. 2. subtilitas (nicety, refine- 
 ment): tfie perverse i. of grammarians, 
 perversa grammaticorum s., Plin. 55, 3, 
 4 : cf. INGENIOUS (2). 3, ars, artis,/. : 
 characterised by much i. (the poem of 
 Lucretius), multae artis, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 
 II, extr. 4. macbinatio (conhii)a7iCf); 
 cf. sujn: (1) : the pi. may be used for 
 comprehensiveness, cf. Nagels. p. 41, sqq. 
 (N.B.— Ingenium is mental endowment 
 in widest sense.) 
 
 ingenuous : ingenuus : Ter. : Cic. : 
 V. frank, candid. 
 
 ingenuously : ingfinue : Cic. : Quint. : 
 
 V. frankly, CANDtI>LY. 
 
 ingenuousness : ing«nuitas : Cic. 
 
 Join: ingenuitas et rubor, Cia de Or. 
 2, 59, 242 ; probitas [quaedam] et ing., 
 Cic. Ac. 'i, 9, 33- 
 
 ingle : Kcus, camiims : v. fire- 
 place. 
 
 inglorious : 1. inglorius : a brief 
 and i. a/mmand, breve et ing. impe- 
 rium, Tac. A 12, 14, «z<r. Join: in- 
 honoratus et inglorius, Cic. 2. Inh5- 
 noratiis (net actually enjoying honour , 
 inglorius, also not deserving it) : Cic. : 
 Liv. 3, turpis, e: v. disgraceful. 
 
 ingloriously : 1. sine gloria: 
 
 Hor. Od 3, 76, 2. 2. turpiter : v. 
 disgracefully. 
 
 ingot: later, eris, m. (lit. a bricfc): 
 i.s of gold, 1. aurei, Plin. 33, 3, 17. 
 
 ingraft : insero, 3 : V. TO GRAFT. 
 See also to implant. 
 
 ingrained (part, adj.) : nearest word 
 perb. iiisilus (implanted, innate) : cf. 
 Liv. 34, 20, init., insita feritas. To be- 
 come i., inolescere, Virg. Aen. 6, 738. 
 
 ingratiate : usu, as reflex., to ing. 
 oneself: 1. expr. by concilio, i (to 
 gain over, render favourable : with occ. 
 and dat.) : lie thought to i. himsilf with 
 the legvrns by money, legiones .sibi con- 
 ciliare pecunia cogitabat, Cic. Fam. ij, 
 2? : more fully, anlmos hominum c, 
 Cic. Off. 2, 5, 17; sibi graliam alicujus 
 c, Cic. Man. 24, 70 ; favorem (populi) 
 c. Suet. Caes. 11. 2. gratiam ineo, 
 
 4, irr. : to i. oneself with a person, ab 
 aiiquo gr. inire, Cic. Verr. 2, 46, 113; 
 so with ad and ace, Liv. 3?, 46. 3. 
 giatificor, i (to do anything to gi-alify 
 or oblige : with dat. of person, and oft. 
 neut. of pron. or like word as object : 
 cf. L. G. $ 25 ;) : '0 I. oneself with tfie 
 people by m,eans of what belongs to 
 otfiers, gr. populo aliena, Cic. Hep. i, 44. 
 Phr.: to seek to i. oneself with any one, 
 alicujus gratiam sequi, Caes. B. C. I, l : 
 to i. oneself with one's fellow-citizens, 
 benevolentiam civiura blanditiis colti- 
 gere, Cic. Am. 17, 61 ; so, gratiam col- 
 ligere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16. 
 
 ingrate: ingratus: v. UNGRATEFUL. 
 
 ingratitude : animus ingratus ; to 
 shrink from the charge of i., aiiinii ing. 
 crimen horrere, Cic. Att. 9, 2, 3 : the 
 vice of i., vitium ing. animi. Sen Ben. 
 init. So in various ways, the sense of 
 the abstr. subs, may be expr. by adj. 
 ingratus: there will be more i. if..., 
 plures ingrati erunt si.... Sen. Ben. 3, 
 16, I : ulMt then, shall i. be unpunished, 
 quid ergo.' impuiiitus erit ingratus? ib. 
 J, 17, I : to incur the charge of i., in 
 nomen ingrati incidere, ib. 5, 13, 3. 
 Phr.: one who is guilty of i., qui 
 sensum beneficiorum amisit, ib. 5, 17, 
 2; qui nullam benehcii grati;im habet, 
 cf. Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69. (N.B.— By no 
 means ingrati ludo, or ingratia.) 
 
 ingredient: usu. not expr. by a 
 subs. : Phr.: when you fiave mixed all 
 the i.s well together, ubi omnia bene 
 commiscueris, Cato R. R. 84 : you must 
 use Ihe same i.s as. . ., eadem omnia in- 
 dite quae. . ., ib. 81 : one of the i.s men- 
 tioned, ex iis tot rebus quot scriptum 
 est unum, ib. 1 58, extr. : let a poultice 
 be applied made of ihe follounng i.s, 
 impunatur id quod ex bis constat, Cels. 
 6, 17 : (poultices) of which cumin is the 
 main i., quae cum cuniino compnnuntur, 
 ib. 6, 18, 4: o composition, the is of 
 lefiich are. . ., compositio quae habet. . ., 
 ib. 5, 22, 2 ; in qua sunt. . ., ib. } 4. 
 
 ingress : ingressus, etc : V. en- 
 trance. 
 
 ingulf: v5ro, devCro, haurio: v. to 
 SWALLOW. Phr.: i.'d in the abyss, 
 submersus voraginibus, Cic. Oiv. i, 33, 73- 
 
 ingulfing (adj.) : usu. in phr.. ing. 
 waters or abyss, vOrago, inis, /. : cf. 
 preced. art. (but vorago is oft. simply, a 
 quagmire, cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 296). See 
 
 also ABYSS. 
 
 inhabit : 1. incaio, ui. cultum, j : 
 to i. territory, cities, places, agros, urbes, 
 loca inc., Cic. : Caes. (poss.). Less freq. 
 in this sense, simple verb, colo: wfuit 
 people first i.'d Britain, Britanniam qui 
 mortales initio coluerint, Tac. Agr. 11, 
 init, I they i. both sides 0/ the Jihone,
 
 INHABITABLE 
 
 INHDMANLY 
 
 INJUDICIOUS 
 
 oalunt circa utramque ripam Rhodanl, 
 Liv. 21,26. Join: colere et liabitare, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 5}, 119. 2. liabito, 1 
 
 Cto dtvell in, have as an ab»d>; with ref. 
 ti) Itouses, cities, etc., not whole coun- 
 tries like incolo : both trans, and in- 
 trans.) : they i. 100 great cities, centum 
 iirl>e9 habitant magiias, V'irg. Ai-ii. j, 
 106: Cic: Liv.: v, to owkll. Some- 
 times used as impers. pass. : Xenophanes 
 says the moon is i.'d, habitari ait X. in 
 luna, Cic. Ac. 2. it), I2}. (N.B.— The 
 comp. inliabito is v. rare, and stiould be 
 avoided.) 3. tCneo, ui, ntum, 2 (to 
 occupy, have possessum of) : Evander 
 liad i.'d (or possessed) those regions, E. 
 ea tenuerat loca, Liv. i, 5 . Tac. G. 57, 
 init. P I) r. • from this point, the banks 
 of the iTidus are i.d by. . ., hino deinde 
 accolunt. . ., I'lin. 6, 20, 2 j } 17 (cf. Cic. 
 Itep. 6, 18, ea pens quae ilium locum 
 accolit) : the country is rery thickly i.'d, 
 hominum est intinita multitude [cri-b'-r- 
 riraaque acdificia], Caes. [i. (J. 5, 12 : 
 regions thinly i.'d, quae loca minus fre- 
 (juentata sunt, Sail. Jur. 17. 
 
 inhabitable : habltabilis, e : Cic. 
 Tusc I. 20,45: Hor. : Ov. (Inhabita- 
 bilis occurs in same sense in Arn. [i, 2, 
 p. j], but in Cic and I'lin. ^ U7Mn- 
 babitable.) 
 
 inhabitant: 1. incSla, c. .- thei.s 
 (f Africa, Alricae incolae. Sail. Jug. 19, 
 extr. : an i. and citizen of the ii'hole 
 world, totius niundi i. et ci\is, Cic. Tusc. 
 5, J7, 108: Plin. Join: incolae atque 
 babitatores, Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 140. So, 
 accOla, one who dwells near : an i. of 
 the neighbourhood, accola ejus loci, Liv. 
 ii 7- 2. babitator (a diveller) : cf. 
 supr. 3. homines may oft. be used, 
 esp. in geogr. descriptions : though the 
 number if i.s is so great, quanquam in 
 tanto hominum numero, Tac. G. 4 ; 
 Caes. (v. TO inhabit, extr.). 4. oft. 
 expr. by verb : far the most civilized 
 are the i.s of Kent, longe sunt humanis- 
 simi qui Cantium incohnit, Caes. B. G. 
 5, 14: the red hair of the i.s of CaU- 
 (lonia, rutilae Caledonian) babitantium 
 ^incolentium] comae, Tac. Agr. 11 : the 
 earliest i.s rf Africa were..., Africam 
 initio liabuere..., Sail. Jug. 18, init. 
 5. cultor (somewhat rare in this 
 sense) : the i.s of the country, cultores 
 ejus terrae, Sail. Jug. 17, extr. : the 
 ancient i.s (of Capua), anliqui c, Liv. 
 7, J 8, met. 
 
 inhabited (part, adj.) .- ubi babita- 
 tur ; V. TO INHABIT (2, _/l«.). Tldckly i., 
 frequens (hominibus) : cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 41, 
 106 ; Plin. ;, 9, 1 1 } 03 : thinly i., parum 
 frequentatus, cf Sail. Jug. 17. 
 
 inhalation : ex^r. by verb : V. foil, 
 art. 
 
 inhale : spiritu duco, haurio (R. and 
 A.) . V. TO DRAW (IIL). 
 
 inharmonious ; discors, dissonus, 
 absoiius : V. DISCORDANT. P h r. : i. wrse, 
 imniodiilaia poemata, Hor. A. P. 26j. 
 
 inharmoniously : *parum conson- 
 anter, dissonis vocibus 
 
 inhere, inherent, be . 1. in- 
 
 haereo, si, sum, 2 (to cling fast to. be 
 inseparable from : foil, by in and abl. ; 
 also dot.) ; there is a Icind of foreboding 
 inherent in our minds, inh. in mentibus 
 quasi quoddam augurium, Cic. Tusc. I , I ;, 
 ?}. 2, insum, fui, esse • to be inherent 
 in the universe, inesse in universitate 
 rerum, Cic. .\. D. 1, 41, 120. philosophy 
 is by nature i. in his mind, inest naturft 
 philosophia in hu)us viri iiiente, Cic. Or. 
 I}, 41 : cf. Sail. Jug. 64, inerat (ei) con- 
 temptor animus et superbia : but the 
 expression is less strong ihan Kng. : it 
 may be strengthened by proprius, cf. 
 Ijuint. 'i, J, 12. inest proprius quibus- 
 dam decor, " lltere is in some an inltereni 
 charm." 3. expr. by iiisitus, Innatus . 
 V. INNATE. Phr. : inherent properties, 
 quae sunt rebus conjuncta, Lucr. i, 450. 
 See also pectliab, natural. 
 inherently : *propria sua vl, natura : 
 
 T. NATt RALI.V. 
 
 inherit : >• ?. <" receive by hereditary 
 succession : per sucressionem accipio, cf. 
 Plin. 12, I J, JO 5 $4. Jus per successiones 
 
 id sibi TJndicant; also, Plin. Kp. i, 12. 
 4, morbi per successiones qua.sdam ira- 
 duntur, i. e. are inherited. (The terms 
 heres, heredltas, denote simply succes- 
 sion by testament : v. hkir, inhkrit- 
 ANCE.) Phr.: to have a name i.'d from 
 any one, nomen ab aliquo heredilarlum 
 habere, Cic. Rep. 6, 11 . he hail i.'d the 
 complaint from his father, patrius hie 
 (UKjrbus) iili, I'lin. Ep. I, 12. 4. 
 
 inheritance : 1. heredltas (the 
 anidition of a heres; also, the property 
 coming to such) : i. is succession to the 
 entire rights enjoyed bi/ rme deceased, 
 h. est successio in universum Jus quod 
 defunctus habuil, Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 24: 
 to come to any one by i., hereditate alicui 
 venire, Cic. In v. i, 45. 84; obvenire, 
 Varr. R, R. i, 12, med.: Plin. • to receive 
 an i., capere h. ab aliquo, Cic. Caec. J5, 
 102; consequi, Nep. Att. 21 : to enter 
 on possession of an i., b. adire, Cic. Ph. 
 2, 16, extr. (the legal act was creiio : v. 
 Diet. Ant. s. V. heres) : yon say I receive 
 no i.s, hereditates niihi venire iiegasti, 
 Cic. 1. c. init. 2. successio (hereditary 
 succession) : v . TO inherit. Phr.: as 
 an inheritance, may h- expr. by heredi- 
 tarius : cf. Liv. 21, }, hereditarii sint 
 relicti exercitus nostri, left as an inhe- 
 ritance: V. HEREUITAKY. 
 
 inheritor : heres, edis, TO. : V. HEIB. 
 
 inhibit : 1. interdlco, xi, ctum, } 
 (formally to forbid): cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 
 22, interdicit atque imperat Cassivelauno, 
 ne...noceat: v. TO interdict. 2. 
 
 eiiico ne (referring to a magistrate's no- 
 tification): cf. Cic. in Pis. 8, 17, edicere 
 ut Senatus S.-consulto ne obtemperet ; 
 
 V. to FORBID. 
 
 inhibition : P«rh. interdictum : v. 
 interdkt 
 inhospitable : 1. inhospitaiis, e 
 
 (of countries : rare) : i. Caucasus, inh. 
 Caucasus, Hor. Od. i, 22. 6: Plin. 2. 
 luhospitus (-= preced. : poet.) : t. abodes, 
 inh. tecta, Ov. M. 15, 15 : Hor. : neut. p>. 
 = i. regions, S\\. 3. hospitibus ferus 
 (ofpersonsonly : poet.): Hor.0d.j,4, jj. 
 4, inhumanus, immitis (gen. terms 
 including the sense) : v. savage, cruel. 
 Phr.: an i. person, homo paucorum 
 Ijospitum, cf. Cic. Clu. 59, i6j; *qui 
 hospites fugit atque ai'ersatur, cf. Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, II, 27 baibarians are usually 
 i., barbarae gentes plerumque se crudeles 
 in hospites (advenas) praebent. 
 
 inhospitably : parum «. minime 
 hospitaliter [not Cic.]: v. hospitably, 
 (Inhumane may serve where the context 
 defines. Tert. has inhumane et inhos- 
 pitaliler, liut the latter adv. is unclass.) 
 
 inhospitality : inhospitaiitas (v. 
 
 rare, and used only in ethical descrip- 
 tion, as t. t.) : Cic. Tusc. 4, 11, 27. 
 Phr.: to display t., parum hospitaliter 
 se gerere (v. hospitably) ; hospites valde 
 fugere, Cic. 1. c. ; 'in hospites minus 
 liberalem se praebere. 
 
 inhuman ; 1. immanis, e (mon- 
 strously cruel): the i. and barbarous 
 custom nf human sacrilice.\m. ac barbara 
 ronsuetudo immolandnrum hominum, 
 Cic. Kont. 10, 21 : Ov, Join: immanis 
 atque importuuus, Cic. Verr, 2, i, J, 8 
 tantum [facinusj, tarn immane, tarn 
 acerbum, Cic. R. Am. 24, fin. 2. 
 crudelis, saevus v. crcel. 3. inhu- 
 manus (unuorthy of a human being, 
 destitute of human feeling) : i. cruelti/, 
 inh. crudelitas, Liv. 21, 4, extr. Join ; 
 tarn durus et ferreus, tarn inhumanus, 
 Cic. Verr. 5,46, i"i7. Join: crudeli-^et 
 inhumanus, Cic. Off. j,6, 29. (N.B.— This 
 syn. must be used with caution, as its 
 sense is far wider than that of the P^ng.) 
 Ph r. : a most i. punishment, supplicium 
 exempli parum memoris legum human- 
 arum, Liv. I, 18, extr. 
 
 inhumanity : 1. immanltas (bru- 
 tality of any kinil): cf. Cic. DeioL 12, 
 }2, where it is opp. to humanitas, and a 
 syn. of Inhumanitas [tarn crudelis, tarn 
 immoderata inhumanitas]: v. .sAVAr.t.- 
 NEss, brutalitt 2, Inhumauinis 
 
 (lack of human feeling): v. supr. (1) 
 3. crudelitas, saevltia: v. cruelty-. 
 
 inhumanly: 1. crudeliier. saeve: 
 
 V. cruelly. 2. inhiimane (cf. inmr 
 man, 3): Ter. : Cic. Join- inhuman 
 contraque naturae legem, Cic. Off. j, (^ 
 }o. 3. immanem In modum ; Cic 
 
 (in Kr.) 4. expr. by moiial abl., tauU 
 crudelitate, etc. : v. inhlmanitv. 
 
 inhume : bamo, inbumo, i ; v. to 
 bury. 
 
 inimical: inimicus: v. unfriendlt, 
 
 HOSTILE. 
 
 inimically: Inimice Cic. 
 
 inimitable: 1. lnimitabiiis,e(noi 
 in cic): 1. amiabiliti/, morum ilulrodo 
 in., V'ell. 2, 97 : (juiiit. 2. baud ». 
 parum Imitabilis: cf. Cic. Or. 2!, 76, 
 nihil est experienii minus (imiiabile) : 
 cf. also Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 4, maxime imi- 
 tabilis, maxime imitandus: or, nemlnl 
 imitabilis, Quint, (in Kr). 3. expr. 
 by imitor: i. stall, soUertia quam nemo 
 opifex possit consequi mitando, Cic 
 N. D. 2, 52, 81. (Sometimes ^fxce/ittit 
 in a high degree: v. iNtx»i parable.) 
 
 inimitably : quod nemo possit iml- 
 tando consequi : v. preced. art. (3). 
 P h r. . I. represented, sine aemulo ex- 
 pressus, Plin. }4, 8, 19, } 71. See alsc 
 
 INCOMPAR.MiLV. 
 
 iniquitous : imprdbus, Iniquns. in- 
 
 Justus: v. UNJCST, WICKED. 
 
 iniquitously : improbe, Imque,etc- 
 
 V. WICKI-a>LY. 
 
 iniquity : imprObitas : v. WICKED- 
 NESS. 
 
 initial (adj) • primus : v. first. 
 
 initial (subs.): »prinia aominis $. 
 verbi littera. 
 
 initiate : I ^o introduce to the 
 mysteries : initio, i: to be i.d in the 
 mysteries of Ceres, Cereri inluari, Cic. 
 l.K>g. 2, 15, init.; of Bacchus, Bacchis 
 initiari, Liv. jq, 14. ||. In gen., to 
 introduce: Initio, I : e. g. initiari Uteris, 
 studiis, Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 8: t^uint. 1, 2, 
 20. (X.B. — In either sense the verb 
 occurs chiefly in pass.) See also to 
 imbue. 
 
 initiated (part, adj.): 1. inlti- 
 atus : Liv. : Just. 2. mysta or mysles, 
 ae, m. ((jr. /uuot^s : ojie who has lien i. 
 in the Fleusinian mysteries). Ov. V 4, 
 ;f6: Sen. trag. 
 
 initiation: I. The cereirumy : 1. 
 initiatio Suet. Ner. J4, fin. : ApuL 
 2. initiamenta, orum: Sen. Ep. 90, 
 29 (where the use is fig.). 3. expr. 
 by verb: v. to initiate. (N.B.— Initia 
 denotes the mysteries themselves.) ||. 
 Any introduction or beginning: expr. 
 by words under (I.): v, 11. cc 
 
 initiatory: ad initiationem perti- 
 nens : v. preced. art. 
 
 inject : 1. mlundo, fudi, sum, J : 
 to i. a medicine by the mintth or by a 
 clyster, medicamentum alicui inf , vel ore 
 velclystere, Ulp. Dig. 9. 2,9: Cels. 2, 12, 
 fm.: i'lin. 2. 'mrnitto, misi, ssum. } : 
 Cels. 2, 12, med.; Suet. CL 44, extr. (per 
 clysterem). In same sense are less Ireq. 
 used, injicio, Scrib. ; (clystere) adigo, 
 Cels. 7, 27, od init. 
 
 injection: I. The act: infusio: 
 Plin. 20, 21, 84, $228; also infusus, us 
 (in abl.), id. 24, 6, 15 (Ian. reads in- 
 iusum, part.). Or expr byinfundo: v. 
 preced. art, ||. That vhich is in- 
 jected : 1. clyster, Eris. m. (applied 
 to the bowels) : to clear out hellebore 
 by i.s, clysteribus hellelorum extra- 
 liere, Plin'. 25. 5, 2J: Cels.: v. To in- 
 ject (1.); clyster. 2. enema, alls, 
 n. ((Jr. ereiaa, fr. ti'iijut : that which it 
 injecteil in a clyster) : Theod. Prise : 
 M. L. 3. injectionale, is, fi. (very 
 rare) : Theod. Prise 4. expr. by In- 
 fundo (v. TO INJECT): vinegar used as 
 an i. stops diarrhoea, acetum sisilt al- 
 vum infusum. Plin. it, i, 27: fie t. 
 ought to be neither cold nor hot. id quod 
 infunditur neque frigidum es.se oportet, 
 neque caliduni, Cels. z, 12, fin. Phr.: 
 an i. of pure tvater must be adminis- 
 tered, immittenda in alvum est aqua 
 pura, Cels, 2. II. ad fin. : v. to inject. 
 
 injudicious : inconsultus (incon- 
 
 sidfrate, ill-advised): cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 
 
 I. 2, inconsultam rationem, slve (gravis- 
 
 slmo verbo utar), temeritatem : Liv.: t, 
 
 400
 
 INJUDICIOUSLY 
 
 INN 
 
 INNOVATION 
 
 IMPECDENT. P h r. • an extremely i. 
 person, *homo nuUius coiisilii. 
 
 injudiciously : inconsuite • v. im- 
 
 FKUDENTLT 
 
 injudicioaSneSS : inconsulta ratio 
 Cic. Rab. fost. i, 2: v. imprudence. 
 injunction: mandaium, impera- 
 
 tum: V. COMMAND, INSTRUCTION. 
 
 injure : 1. nSccD, 2 (mostly gen. 
 term . with dat.) : to i. one's neighbour 
 for the sake of one's own advantage, sui 
 conimodi causa n. alteri, Cic. Off. ?, ;, 
 2J : often as imi>ers. pass. : (the rule) to 
 i. no mie, ne cui noceatur, ib. i, 10, ji 
 (in Vitr. noccor occurs as personal 
 pass.). 2. laedo, si, sum, j (to assail, 
 injure activeli/ : with ace): to hate otie 
 v.hmn you have i.d, odisse quem laeseris, 
 Tac. Agr. 42 : Nep. 3. expr. by in- 
 juria and u verb : to be i.d by any one, 
 inj. accipere ab aliquo, Cic. Dlv. Verr. 
 18, 60. V. INJURY. 4. obsum, irr. (to 
 stand in the way of; be prejudicial to: 
 w:th dat.): to advance or i. any one's 
 cause, alicui adjumcnto esse, aut obesse, 
 Auct. Her 4, 2?, ?!. Cic. 5. viQlo, 
 I (to do xriolence to: with ace.): to rob 
 or i. one's neighbour, spoliare aut v. 
 alterum, Cic. Off. j, s, 21 : cf. ib. $ 26, 
 qui alterum violat, ut ipse aliquid corn- 
 modi consequatur: V TO WRONG 6. 
 offendo, di, sum, j (to conve into colli- 
 sion with ; hence, esp. of unintentional 
 injury) : to i. any o^ie tmintentionally, 
 aliqiiem off. invitum, Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68. 
 P h r. : that the state be not i.d in any 
 way, ne quid respublica detriraenti ca- 
 piat. Sail. Cat. 2Q . to i the stomach (of 
 food), iniestare stomachum, Plin. !•], 4, 
 5.^16. 
 
 injured (part, adj.): qui injuriam 
 accepit; quem laeseris. v. preced. art. 
 
 injurer : qui injuriam fac.it : v. 
 
 INJURY. 
 
 injurious; 1. noxius (for which 
 Sen. Ben. 7, 10, i, has noxiosus). a dis- 
 obedient and i. citizen, nee obediens et 
 n. clvis, Cic. Leg. }, }, init.: i. sea 
 breezes, afiBalus maris n., Plin. 17,2,4, 
 $ 24. (For contp. and super, use magis. 
 maxime noxius, rather than noxior, 
 uoxissimus.) 2. nOcivus (not of per- 
 sons) : Phaedr. : I'lln. 3. n6cens, 
 ntls (more Ireq. = guilty) : things pes- 
 tihitial and i., pestilentia et n., Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 47, 120. 4. inutilis, e (by li- 
 totes) : a seditious and i. citizen, sedi- 
 tiosus et in. civis, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 49 : Ov. 
 Join: inutilis peslilensque [aqua]. 
 Sen. N. Q. 6, 27, 2. 5. damnosus (an 
 emphatic word ; causing serious loss 
 and damage) : i. lust, d. libido, Hor. Ep. 
 2, I, 107 Liv, 6. malus: v, noxi- 
 ous. 7 gr3.vis, e (to the health) : air 
 i. to those wlvo breathe it, aer haurienti- 
 bus gr.. Sen. N. Q. 6, 27, 2 ■ v. unwhole- 
 some. 8. contrarius {unfavourable 
 to : late) : i. to health, curporibus c. Sen. 
 
 1. c.: Quint 4, 2. 64. (N.B.— Not in- 
 Juriosus, which = acting unjustly, crim- 
 inal, wrongful.) To be i., iioceie, ob- 
 esse : V. TO INJUEP (1. 4). 
 
 injuriously : 1. inutiliter : Varr. 
 Join: maleet inutiliier, Auct. B. Alex. 
 65. 2. male ; V. ILL (adv.) 3. 
 expr. by verb : to operate i., obesse, de- 
 trimentuni (detrimenil allquld) afferre, 
 facere. v. to injure; injury. 
 
 injuriousness : inutllitas: Cic. Inv. 
 
 2, 52. il8. 
 
 injury ; I. Harm suffered : 1. 
 detrimentum (Imss, disadvantage) : to 
 do great i.. magnum afferre d., Caes. 
 B. C. I. 82: i. (loss) is sustained, d. ac- 
 cipitur, Cic. Man. 6, is: v loss. 2. 
 damnum (an emphatic word): v. loss, 
 DAMAGK. 3. incommSdum (incon- 
 venience, disadvantage) : to sustain some 
 i., aliquo afficl inc., Cic. Off. i, n, fin. : 
 V. DISADVANTAGE. 4. malum: V. 
 EVIL (subs.). 5. fraus, dis, /. (an ar- 
 chaic usage; chiefly in particular phrr ) 
 that has done nu i., id mihi f. tulit, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 26 to tend to any one's i. or in- 
 crimination, esse alicui fraudi aut cri- 
 mini, Cic Mur. J5, 7? : so far as may be 
 WiVumt i. to the Homan people, quod 
 Bine f. populi R. fiat, Liv. i, 24, m«d. 
 
 6. Injuria (late in this sense) : i. 
 from heat, cold, hail, aestuum, trigorum, 
 grandinum i., Plin. u, 24, 47: so bite 
 o/" se/pewis, etc., are called injiiriae, ib. 
 22, 7, 8 Just. II, A bodily hurt: 
 
 1. vulnus, eris. n.: Cels. 5, 26. ;. 
 
 2. laesio Milligan's Celsus (med. 
 t. t). Phr. : an external i., externus 
 casus, Cels. 6, 6, 59 : in the case of exter- 
 nal i., internal i. (disease), cum quid ex- 
 trinsecus lae^it, < um quid intra (aefjrum) 
 ipsum corruptum est. ib. s, 26, i : in 
 the case of i. to the lungs, cui pulmo 
 vulneratus est. Cels. ib. A 2. |||. 
 Wrwigdoiie: 1. injuria: to do an i., 
 inj. alicui facere, Cic. Fin. }, 21. 71 ; in- 
 terre, id Off. I, 7, 24: to receive (submit 
 to) an i., inj. accipere, Cic. Div. Verr. 
 18, 60. to forgive an i., inj. condonare, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 20. 2. contiimelia 
 (with insult) : v. affront, insult. 3. 
 fraus, dis, /. (as the result of deceptioti 
 or ignorance): cf. supr. J. 5. Huilty of 
 i (injustice) touards any one, injuriosus 
 in aliquem, Cic. Off. i, 14, 44. See also 
 
 OFFENCE. 
 
 injustice : 1. injuititia (as ethical 
 t. t.): tuo kinds of i., iiijustitiae duo 
 genera, Cic. Off. i, 7, 2?. 2. expr. by 
 neut. of adj. : fear of i., metus injusti, 
 Hor. S. I, J, III. in prose this usage 
 should be limited to the partitive constr. 
 (L. G. } 270, 06s.): to do no i., *nihil 
 injusti, nibil iniqui in seadmittere: v. 
 unjust. 3, iniquitas. v. unfair- 
 ness. 4. injuria (strictly, an act of 
 i.; also in abstr. sense): extreme justice 
 (is) extreme i , summum jus, summa i., 
 Cic. Off. I, 10, ?J: through the unfair- 
 ness and i. of the Praetor, iniquitate et 
 i. Praetoris, Cic. Quint. 2, 9 : your acts 
 oft., tuae i., Cic. Par. 2, fin. 
 
 ink : atramentum : pen and i., cala- 
 mus et a., Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, 6. Petr. 
 full expr., atr. librarium, Plin. 27, 7, 28, 
 } 52, also scriptorium, Cels. 6, 4, extr. : 
 which must be used where the context 
 does not detine ; Indian i., a. Indicum, 
 Plin. ?5, 6, 2;. Bed, green i., liquor ru- 
 ber, viridis, scribendo aptus, Kr. : the 
 red i., used in MSS. was minium (ver- 
 milion). 
 
 inkstand: atrameutarium scrip- 
 torls: Vulg. Ezech. ix. 2. 
 
 inkling ; Phr.: to get an i. of any- 
 thing, odore quodam suspicionis sen- 
 tire, Cic. Clu. 27, 7J: V. SUSPICION. 
 
 inland • mgditerraneus : in the i. 
 districts, in m. regionibus, Caes. B. G. 5, 
 12. Neut.pl. used subs., the i. parts of 
 Spain, mediterranea Hispaniae, Plin 
 ?7. 12, 55, } 158. See also interior 
 (subsX 
 
 inlay : insgro, ui, rtum, } : to i. 
 marble vith spots belonging to a dif- 
 ferent species, mnculas quae non sint in 
 crustis inserere. Plin. J5, i, i : the ef- 
 fect produced is denoted by variare, dis- 
 titiguere, Plin. 1. c. Inlaid work, eni- 
 blema, atis, «. : Lucil. in Cic. de Or. j, 
 4J, 71, emblemate vermiiulato (but the 
 term was also applied to chased figures, 
 made so as to be detached, cf. Cic. Verr. 
 
 4, 22, 49) ; also vermiculata, orum ( pre- 
 senting a winding, wormed aspect), Plin. 
 j;, I, I • cf. Lucil. 1 c. : see alsu mosaic. 
 (Intestinum opus, Plin. 16, 42, 82, is 
 cabinet-work.) 
 
 inlayer : *qui vermiculatis, etc. ope- 
 rani dat v. preced. art 
 
 inlet : 1. accessus, aditus (in gen. 
 sense), v. access, approach. 2. 
 
 aestuarium (of the sea): v. estuaryJ 
 frith. Phr. the sea forms many i.s, 
 mare influere penitus ^tque anibire, 
 Tac. Agr. 10, extr 
 
 inly : pfinitus v. inwardly. 
 
 inmate : 1. incoia . v inhabit- 
 ant. 2. deversi>r (at an mn; a 
 lodger) : Cic. liiv 2, 4. 15. 
 
 inmost: Intimus, Imus. V inner- 
 most. 
 
 inn; 1. caupon.i (esp. of an in- 
 ferior kind) : Cic. in Pis. 22, fin. : Hor. 
 
 5. I, 5, 51. Dimin. eaiiponula, Cic. Ph. 
 2, J I, init. 2. devt-rsorium (any 
 place for lodging the night): an inn to 
 lodge at, not a place to dwell in, com- 
 
 morandi d., non habitandi locus, Cic. 
 Sen. 2 J, 84- Vulg. Luc ii. 7- Suet. 
 Also tabema deversoria, PI. IMen. 2, J, 
 86; and in same sense, deveniciilum, 
 I'er. Eun. 4. 2, 7; Liv. 3, hospilium 
 (any place u here strangers are enter- 
 tained) : I quit life as an inn, not a 
 home, ex vita ita discedo, tanquam ex 
 h., non tanquam rx domo, Cic. Sen. 2}, 
 84 (cohorts) billeted on the i.s (?), per 
 hospitia dispersae. Suet. Tib. J7, 
 
 innate: l.iima,tus. an implanted, 
 or rather i., lore of knowledge, insita 
 quaedam, vel potius iniiata scit-ntiaecu- 
 pidiias, Cic. Fin. 4, 2, 4. Join, insitue 
 atque innatus, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 106. In- 
 nate ideas, *notiones menti innaUie: v. 
 foil. 2. iiisitus a natural and i. 
 notion, naturalis atque Ins. in animis 
 nostris notio, Cic. Fin. i, 9, ji i. no- 
 tions of the gods, insitae [vel potius in- 
 natae] deoruni cogni tiones, Cic. N. D. i, 
 17,44. 3, ingeiiei'atus(tri/rted; rare): 
 Cic. Sext. 9, 21. See also natural. 
 Phr,- an i. idea of deity, deorum an- 
 ticipatio quaedam. Cic. N. 1). i, i6, 4^. 
 
 innately; expr. by iimatus, insitus: 
 cf.L. G. 5 J4;. See also naturally. 
 
 inner: interior, us. v. interior, 
 
 innermost: 1. intimus- in the 
 i. pai t of the sanctuary, in eo sacrario 
 intimo, Cic. Verr. 4, 45, 99: PI. 2, 
 imus (v. Dr. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v.): a 
 groan is heard from the i. part of the 
 mound, gemitus imo auditur tumulo, 
 Virg. Aen. j, J9 : cf. imo pectore, coide, 
 Virg. (pass.). Phr.: they fill the i. 
 recesses, penitus cavernas compleiit, 
 Virg. Aen. 2. 19 . the i. recesses of a 
 house, temple, penetralia, um, Virg. Aen. 
 2, 297, etc. 
 
 innkeeper ; caupo, onis, m. -. Cic. : 
 Hor. A female i., caupona, Apul. 
 Phr. to be an i., cauponiam s. caupo- 
 nariam artem exercere, cf. Just, i, 7. 
 
 innocence: 1. innOcentla (the 
 
 disiiosition of one tvho harms ru) one, 
 Cic. Tiisc. i, 8, 16; also in wider sense): 
 v. integrity. 2. castitas (mm-al 
 purity): V. chastity, purity. Phr.. 
 to prove one's i., se purgare, often with 
 dat. of person to whom, PI. Am. j, 2, 28: 
 Caes.: also, purgare crimina, Cic. Clu. 
 1, } ; *reum insoniem esse monstrare. 
 
 innocent : I. Doing no harm : 
 innoxius, innocuus : v. harmless. ||, 
 Aot guilty: 1. insons, nils: to en- 
 snare the i. as well as the guilty, ins. 
 sicuti sontes circumvenire, Uall. Cat. 16: 
 i. of (all) blame, ins culpae, Liv. 22, 49, 
 fin. 2. innocens, ntis ; to accuse an 
 i. person, inriocentem accusare, Cic. R. 
 Am. 20, 56 with gen., inn. factorum, 
 Tac. A. 4, J4: Flor. 3. immeritus 
 (esp. with ref. t« punishment actually 
 endured). Hor. Od. j, 6, i : Virg.: 
 Quint. : v. unoffending. In same 
 sense, inimgrens, ntis Hor. : Suet. 
 
 4. sanctus, castus v. pure, chaste, 
 unblemished. 5. immiinis. e ; Hor. 
 Od. s, 2 J, 17, 'I'o pionounce i. (in 
 court), absolvere v. to acquit. 
 
 innocently : I, Blamelessly ; 1, 
 pure : a quietly and i. spent life, quiete 
 et p. acta aetas, Cic. Sen. 5, I J. Join; 
 pure et caste, Cic. N. D. i, 2, J. 2. 
 sancte: v. blamelessly. 3. caste: 
 V. CHASTELY, PURELY. ||. I'ninten- 
 tiottally : imprudens, imprudenter: v 
 inadvertently. 
 innocuous : innficuus : v harmless 
 innocuously ; sine fraude ; v. harm- 
 
 LES.SLY. 
 
 innovate : n6vo, i (trans., hence 
 requiring ace), an opportunity to i., 
 novandi res occasio, Liv. 24, 2J, med. ; 
 so, omnia novare, id. jj, J4. (Innovo, 
 Pomp. Dig. I, 2, 2, $47, is very rare.) 
 bee also to change. 
 
 innovation: 1. expr. by nOvo, 
 inn6vo (less freq.) to make many i.«, 
 multa innovare. Pomp. Dig. i, 2, 2, ^47: 
 cf. preced. art. 2. expr. by adj. n6- 
 vus: this i. in judicial procedure, haec 
 novi judicii nova forma, Cic. Mil. init. : 
 what i. is this we are introducing in 
 our judicial procedure, quem hunc mo- 
 rem novurum Judiciorum [in rempub-
 
 INNOVATOK 
 
 INSCRIPTION 
 
 INSENSIBLE 
 
 licam] induoimus? Cic Rub 4, 9: fond 
 of t.s, cupidiis rerura novaruin, Caes. 
 B. G I, 18 (bill res ni)V«e usii. refers to 
 political rlianye, revolatimi). 
 
 innovator : qui mulia novat, no- 
 vare instiliiit v. to innovatk. 
 
 innoxious, innoxius v. harmless. 
 
 innuendo : v. hint. 
 
 innumerable: 1. lnnuni«ratiilis, 
 e: Cic. Hiir 2 ninuiuerus (i)oet.); 
 Virg. • Ov Mart. 3. expr. hy cir- 
 cuinl., quorum numerus iniri nun possit. 
 
 inibservant : lugiigens, mis : v. 
 
 NICGLIGKNT. 
 
 inoculate: |. In gardening: 
 
 1. iiiOciilo, I to i. liy-trees, arlxires 
 
 flconini i., Oil. 1 1, z : I'iili. (S.pi.). 2. 
 
 emplastro, i : Col. 5. 11, med. ||. In 
 
 medicine *variolaa insero, j (Kr ). 
 
 inoculation: I. I" gardening 
 
 1, Inooulatio Col. 5, II, ad init. 
 
 2, emplastiatio- cl. Col. ( c.quara 
 vocant agricolae emplastratiimem, vel 
 ut quiduni inocutatioiieiM. 3. insilio 
 (gen. lemi") : Cato K. R, 41. ||. In 
 medicine. *insiilo vurinlarura (Kr). 
 
 inodorous : sine odore, Lucr. 2, 8{8 ; 
 ex quo nullus afflaiur odos, ci. Cic. Sen. 
 17, 59 ; odore carens (K. and A.). To 
 be i., mm olere, I'lin. 21, 7, 18 in l-gupt 
 the Jlowas are mostly i., in Aegyplo 
 luininie odorati flores, Piin. I. c. (In- 
 olens, Lucr. 2, 849 ; Inodorus [flo.s], Apul., 
 better avoided.) 
 
 inoffensive: inn5cens: V. HARM- 
 LESS, INNtKKNT. 
 
 inoperative . "ii vaiens : v. ei fec- 
 nvE. 
 
 inopportune • inopponunus • Cic 
 de Or. }, 5, 18. (Or expr. by opportunus 
 with baud, minus, etc. v oitorti ne.) 
 
 inopportunely parumln tempore, 
 baud satis opportune . v. oFfoRTUNELY. 
 
 inordinate ; iumi6deratus ; V. iM- 
 
 UODERATE. 
 
 inordinately : immsderatg : v r>i- 
 
 MODEBATELY. 
 
 inorganic : no exact expr. : Kr. re- 
 fers to Cic. N. D. 2, J 2, 82, glebam aul 
 fragmentum lapidis, aui aliquid ejus- 
 modi, nulla coliaerendi natura, i. e. 
 having no natural unity. (Sometimes 
 inorganicus may be necessary as scient. 
 t. t.) 
 
 inosculate : i.e. to he connected at 
 certain points, *quasi articulis quibus- 
 dam inter se coak-scere ('). 
 
 inquest : nearest word, quaestio (ju- 
 dicial inquiry) : v. enqliry (IJ.). 
 P h r. ; an i. uus lield on the body, 
 •quae.Mtum est (ut fieri solet de subitio 
 monuis) quae mortis causa fuisset, etc, 
 
 inquire : v. enqcirk, etc. 
 
 inquisili.Ml : I, Oifldal exami- 
 nation-, quaestio, inqulsitio' v. enquihy 
 (II.) II. The Spanish t. : inquitilio 
 de fide, Krasni. Coll. 1,229- or, quaestio 
 inter haereticos, Bau. ; quaestio fidel, 
 Pontan. (both in Kr). As a tribunal, 
 •quaesitores inter haereticos. 
 
 inquisitive: percontator (a« f. pa-- 
 son): Hor Ep 1, 18. 69 PI (N.B.— 
 The fern, form, percontatrix, does not 
 occur, but is agreeable to analogy.) See 
 also CURIOUS. 
 
 inquisitively : curiose ; curiosis 
 
 OCUlis; V Cl RKltJSI.Y. 
 
 inquisitiveness : studium percon- 
 tandl, verum reperieiidi : v. curiosity. 
 
 inquisitor : *quaesitor fidei, inter 
 naeretlcos. 
 
 inquisitorial : P h r. ■ i. tribunalt, 
 •Judicia per quae plus quani decet de 
 rebus privatis iiiquirl solet: they possess 
 i. poirer, 'his licet quihuscunque de re- 
 bus inqulsitionem mstituere. 
 
 inroad : 1. incursio (the usnal 
 word) to make an i. into tf.iritories, 
 inc. in fines facere, Liv i, n, init.: 
 Caes. 2. excursio (= tncursio, Irom 
 the opposite point of view), to defend 
 one's territories from the i.s of enevues, 
 fines suos ab ex. hostlum tueri, Cic. 
 Ueiot. 8, 22 I f. SALLY. 3 irruptio 
 (a sudden, violent i. ; a foray): malct 
 an i. on thf ax>k-shop, in popinam ir. 
 t'acite ! PI. Poen. prol. 42 Cic. Man. 5, 
 15 (=r incnrsio, mpr.). Ph r • to mabt 
 
 an i., incurrere, e. g. In Macedoniam, 
 Liv. 26, .'5 . Hor. S. 2, i, J7 also excur- 
 rere (in tines), Liv. i, 15; and with 
 slightly dltti-rent sense, violare fines. 
 Caes. H. 1;. 6, ?2. 
 
 insalubrious : insalubris, e : V. UN- 
 
 HEALTln. 
 
 insane : 1. insanus Cic. Ac. 2, 
 17. 52 (where ilie corresponding verb is 
 furerc, to be i.) : ib. i'usc. ?, 5, 11 Hor. 
 .S. I, }, pas.<:. : freq. in fig. sense : 1. de- 
 sire, ins. riipiditis, cnpido, etc.: v. MAl>. 
 2. fiiriosus (stronger than Insanus, 
 which includes all degrees of iiisanliy: 
 this was the leg.il term, cf. Cic. Tusc. j, 
 5, II, itiique non est scrlptum, si in- 
 sanus, SEIJ SI KiRiosus tsciT) : the sleep- 
 ing, the drunken, the i., dormieiites, vi- 
 noli-nti. furiosi (opp \jo fam), Cic. Ac. 
 2. 27. 88. Hor S I, i, 8j. Aisous'd 
 fig., Cic. : Liv. Join: vecors, furiosus, 
 mente caplus, Cic. in I'ls. 2o, 47. 3. 
 mente captus : Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 5J: cf. 
 supr. (2). 4. vecors. rdis- lilce the 
 imajn; more vecordium, Just. 2. 7: but 
 more fnq. in fig. sense, Cic. : I^iv. cf. 
 siipr. ^2). To be i, fiiro, j (v. supr. 1) ; 
 in.-aiiio, 4 Cic. Att. 7. lo: Hor. (in- 
 sanire ac furere, Cic. Verr. 4, 18, }<)) • to 
 pretend to be i., dementiam simulare, 
 Just, i, 7. See also koolish, infatu- 
 ated. 
 
 insanely : insane (fig.) : PI. Cure. I, 
 J, 20 Hor See also foolishly. 
 
 insanity : 1. insiinia (in widest 
 sense): Cic Tusc. j, 4. 8: Cels. More 
 freq. fig. : v. madnfjiS. 2, furor (rare 
 in this sense) : Hor. Ep. i, 2 62. 3. 
 dementia: Just. 2, 7 : v. folly, mad- 
 ness. 
 
 insatiable : 1. insatiiibilis, e • 
 Cic. Liv.; foil, by gen of that which 
 
 15 desired : to have an i thirst fm- blood, 
 sanguinis insatiabilem esse. Just, i, 8, 
 extr. 2. inexplebilis, e : an i. stomach, 
 inex. stomachu>, Sen. Kp. 89, fin. ■ i. 
 desire, inex. cuplditas, Cic. I'usc. 5, 6, 
 
 16 rarely with object, gen.. Sen. Cons. 
 Helv. 15, I. 3. insaturabilis, e (very 
 rare): i. maw, ins. abdomen, Cic. Sex t. 
 51, no. 4. Ipss exactly, avidus: v. 
 GREEDY. 5. Inexhaustus : i. eagei- 
 ness for reading, inex. aviditas legendi, 
 Cic. Fin. }, 2, 7 (but the epithet is 
 doubtful). 
 
 insatiableness : expr. by adj.: v, 
 preced. art. (Insatiabilitas, Amm.) 
 
 insatiably : insatiilbililer (late) : 
 Plin. Kp : Tac. (Better expr. by cir- 
 cunil., insatiabili s. inexplebili cupidi- 
 tate; sunima avidltate: v. insatiable.) 
 
 inscribe: |. In gen. sense: 1. 
 if-scribo, psl, ptum, } (with ace, and in 
 and abl.) : to i. anything on a pedestal, 
 aliquid in basi ins., Cic. in Pis. 58,92: 
 instead of in and alil., 'he dat. occurs, 
 Cio (?) Harusp. 17, ;8. inscribere nomen 
 monumeniis. but should be avoided in 
 prose. Inscrlbo also occ uis trans. : Ui 
 ei e-t statues and i. them (furnish them 
 with an inscription), statuas ponere at- 
 qiie Ins., Cic. Verr 2, 2, 69, 167, 2. 
 adscribo (asc), ? (not in Cic. who uses 
 the word ol writing smiw.thiny addi- 
 tional, cl Agr. 2, 20, init., non credo 
 adscripturum esse Magno, u-ould add 
 the title " Great :" with occ. and dat.): 
 to i. the name of Praxiteles on a marble, 
 niarmori ads. Praxitelem, Phaedr. ?, 
 prol. 6: Suet. Aug. 12, extr. 3. in- 
 sciilpo. psi, ptum, ) (by earring: with 
 ace, and in and ahl. ; also dat ) : v. to 
 GRAVE. 4. incido, di, sum, j, like 
 preced.; but found also with in and 
 acc: leges In aes Incisae, Liv. }, 57, 
 extr. II. Mathematically : inscribe, 
 ? : to in. a triangle in a circle, triangu- 
 lum in ciiculo ins. 
 
 inscription: 1. inscriptio (gen 
 lerni)- i. on a lomhstojie. i. monumenil, 
 I'lin. 29, I, ;, i II .VI. L. (Cic. uses the 
 wopi ol the title of a 6o<A.-, e. g de 
 olficiis, Att. 16. II. J.) 2. titiilus (o« 
 monuments, busts, etc.): a lotig i re- 
 specting his exploits, ingens ab se ges 
 taruiii t,, Liv. 28, 46. extr : t..i! and 
 bnsts, tituli et imagines, Hor. S. i, 6. 
 
 17 Ov. : V. KriTAi'H. 3. index, Tcis, 
 
 c. {as pointing out and explaining 
 something) : a tablet n ith this i., tabnia 
 cum I. hue, Liv 41, 28, med.: under a 
 bust, sub imagine, rib. 4, i. jo (.called 
 titulus in V. }})■ most freq. used of tite 
 i.s or titles of books : v. TrrLE. 4, 
 elOgiuni (esp. on a tumJbttone or a bust) ': 
 busts and i.s, imagines et e., Suet 'i.iL 
 i, init.: for a votive offering, >uet. 24, 
 extr. : v EPrTAFH. 5. epigramniB, 
 ilis, n. (strictly a (Jk. word) a uellf 
 knoti-n (j'reek i., Graecum e. pi-mobile, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 57, 127: Nep. Paus. i (also 
 of a Greek inscr.). To add an i.. In- 
 scribere, insculpere, etc. : v. tu i»- 
 
 SCHIBE. 
 
 inscrutability . nearest word, ob- 
 scuriuis V oBSLXBiTV 
 
 inscrutable : 1. innierspicuua 
 (rare;, applied by Plin. jun. to Oie hu- 
 mours of a bench of jurors and the 
 neather, Kp. 1, z--, 17. 2. investigii- 
 bills, e (also rare, and late) \'ulg. liom. 
 xi. }} I'ert. (non investigabilis. IjicL 
 {, 27). Phr. • his meaning n as more 
 i. than evrr, verba (ejus) in inccrtum et 
 ambiguum magis iinpiicabantur, rac A. 
 
 1. II' cf ib. ante, suspensa semper et 
 obscura verba: see also iNooUfKbHES- 
 
 SIBLE. 
 
 inscrutably : *ita ul (res) intelligi, 
 animo perspici non possit; v. to under- 
 stand. 
 
 insect ' 1. iusectum : only as 
 scient. t. t., and in pi. (Gr. e»To>ia): 
 i'lin. II, I, I, sqq. 2. bestiOla (ant/ 
 small creature): i.s nhich live but a 
 day, b. quae unum diem vivunt, Cic. 
 
 'I'usc I. }(), 94. 
 
 insecure: 1. expr. by tutus, mil- 
 nitus, firmus, and negative particle 
 (baud, parum, etc.). v. skcure. 2. 
 intutus: to stremjttwn the i. parts of the 
 vails, intuta moeiilum firmaie, Tac H. 
 J, 76. (.N'ot in Cic. i and in Liv. = un- 
 defended.) 3. niale fidus, or as one 
 Word (poet.) : an i anchorage, 8lali.> 
 male f., Virg. Aen. 2, 2?. 4. infestus 
 (beset by robbers, pirates, etc.): opp. to 
 tutus, Liv. 2, 49, sua luta omnia, in- 
 ftsta hostium (unsafe because of in- 
 rowls): V. unsafe, infested. Phr. • 
 {their) footing being i. on the incline, in 
 proiio pede se fallente, Liv. 21, }6 ; 
 •quum non possent vesligio pedibui 
 tinniter insistere. 
 
 insecurely: parum tute, etc. v. 
 
 SECURITY. 
 
 insecurity : expr. by adj. : i. of tra- 
 velling, inlesia itinera, cf insecure (4): 
 he pointed out the i. of the position, "do- 
 cuit quam fab hostibus] male tutus lo- 
 cus essei: (hereuxis a general sense of 
 i. (lit. mistrust), neque loco neque ho- 
 miui cuiquam satis credere, SalL Cat 
 ii. 
 
 insensate : demeus, insiinus, etc : 
 V. infatuated, insane. Sometimes 
 caecus may serve, cf. Lucr. 2, 14, pec- 
 tora caeca ! 
 
 insensibility : I. Sodily : (?) tor- 
 por {numb)itss) : Plin. 2, 101, 104. Cela. 
 Phr.: to be in a state of i., •omni senga 
 carere (v. sensation) the boiiy sinks 
 into a state of i. {in old age), hebescuat 
 sensus, membra torpent, Plm. 7. 50, 51. 
 II ilentai ; apathy, lack of feeling • 
 lentitiido (ejus "qui irasci nescial," Cic 
 
 Tusc. 41, 9, 4J) ; v. INIilFFERENCK. 
 
 I' h r. : to britvi on t. to pain, quasi cal- 
 luni quoddam oMucere dolori, Cic fuse 
 
 2, 1 5. extr.: that is 1. to gnef, nutforti- 
 tuile, *id esi durum ar ferreum, non 
 fortem es«e : v. loll, art 
 
 insensible: I. i^ boiUly affec- 
 tions: {>) torjiidus (strictly, lienumbed): 
 Aus. Id. 10, 264. S", to btcome i., tor- 
 pi'scere (v. be.numbkd); ohiorpesoere, 
 Plin. 9, 42, 67 . to foe ijuite 1., omul sensu 
 carere ; v. sensation. j|. To emo- 
 tion : 1. lentus v. indifpekent. 
 2. durus : cl. Cic. Am i ?. 48, ne- 
 que enini sunt audi<-ndl, qui virliitem 
 duram el quasi ferream quandam essf 
 volunL Phr : if one be t. (to pleasure 
 ind pain), motu animi subUio, Cic 
 Am. L c. : to beafne t. to anyUiing, ob- 
 lurescere ad aliquid, Cic. (v. to hakukm 
 411
 
 INSKNSIB1.T 
 
 INSIPID 
 
 INSOMUCH 
 
 B.); obtorpescere (absol.). Liv. jz, 20: 
 poet in Cic. Tusc. }, iS. 
 
 insensibly l. e. imperceptibly : sine 
 sensu, sensim: cf. Cic. Sen. 11, extr.: v. 
 
 GBADUALLr, IMPERCEPTIBLY, 
 
 inseparable : 1. inseparabilis, e 
 (late); Sen. Gell. 2, individuus 
 
 (strictly, indii-isible, q. v.) : iiho fol- 
 lowed him to Kkndes and at Capreae 
 were i. (from, him), Rhodum secuti, et 
 apud Capreas i., Tac. A. 6, 10. (N.B.— 
 Usu. better expr. by separari s. sejungi 
 non posse . v. to separate.) 
 
 inseparably : ita ut (res) separari 
 non possint : v. to separate. 
 
 insert: 1. insero, ui, rtum, j (to 
 put in : with ace, and dat. or in and 
 a/:c.): (the stork) i.ing her beak in the 
 flagon, lagonae rostrum inserens, Phaedr. 
 I, 26, 8: Cic: V. TO ptrr in. In later 
 writers, esp. of introducing in a literary 
 wo)k : to i. speeches in an (historical) 
 v)ork, conciones operi suo Ins., Just. j8, 
 i, extr.: Veil.: Suet. 2. Includo, si, 
 sum, J (with ace., and usu. in and abl. 
 or ace): Phidias i.'d his own likeness 
 in the shield of Minerva, P. sui similem 
 speciem inclusit in clipeo Minervae, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, i;, 54: the clause uhich is i.'d 
 in legal formulae, quod in Ictorum in- 
 cluditur formulis, Cic. Ur. -jg, 27; / 
 have almost i.'d an oration in a letter, 
 paene orationem in epistolam inclusi, 
 
 Cic. Att. I, 16, 5 • V. TO INCLOSE 3. 
 
 adscribo (asc), psi, ptura, i (to add to 
 what has been written ; with ace., and 
 In and ace. or abl.) -. to i. anything in a 
 law, aliquid in legem a., Cic. Caec. jj, 
 init. ■ to i. a date in a letter, diem in 
 Uteris a., Cic. Q. Fr. i, i, j. 4. inter- 
 jicio, jeci, jectum, } (to introduce tie- 
 twe.en: with ace, and dat. or inter); v. 
 TO INTRODUCE. See also to fasten IN, 
 place in. 
 
 insertion : expr. by verb ; Livy has 
 embellished his history by the i. of 
 speeches, *conliones inserendo (contioni- 
 bus inserlis) l.,ivius historlam suam 
 omare instituit. v. to insert. (Inter- 
 Jectio [verborum], Auct. Her. 6, 10: v. 
 
 TO INSERT, 4.) 
 
 inside (subs.) : quod est intus, Plin. 
 8, 27, 41 ; interior pars, interiora : v. 
 
 INTERIOR. 
 
 inside (adv.) .- intrinsecus-. v. within. 
 
 inside of(p>'^P-): intra.- V. wfthin. 
 
 insidious ; 1. insidiosus (cunning, 
 treacherous) : i. cleinency, ins. dementia, 
 Cic. Att. 9. 16: Ov. : Plin. 2. sub- 
 d61us (crafty, artful) : Tac. : Ov. (Cic. 
 bas adv., subdole.) Phr. : the i. effect 
 of a studied speech, compositae orationis 
 Insidiae, Cic. Or. 61, extr. 
 
 insidiously : 1. insidiose (with 
 treachei'ius intent) : Cic. Rab. Post. 12, 
 iJ 2. per Insidias, ex insldiis: cf. 
 
 Cic. Or. 12. 38, where the latter is opp. 
 to aperte ac palam v. preced. art. extr. 
 3. subdOle (artfully, craftily) : Cic. 
 
 insidiousness : 1. (?) blanditiae, 
 blandimenia (of that which appejxls ftat- 
 teniigly and temptingly to the mind). 
 cf. Cic. Fin. I, 10, jj, blMidiiiis prae- 
 sentium voliiptatum: v. blandishment. 
 More precisely, *blanditiarum s. blandi- 
 mentoruni insidiae : v infr. 2. (?) in- 
 sidiae, arum: cf. Cic. Or. 51, 170, niniis 
 Insidiarum ad capiendas aures adhiberi 
 videtur. 
 
 insight : cognTtio (gen. term) v. 
 KNOWLEiKiE. Phr.- to get a thorough 
 i. into a thing, rem penitus ingenio 
 cemere, Cic. de Or j. ji, 124 to have 
 a profound i. into human character, 
 •mores hominum atque ingenia penitus 
 perspecta habere. 
 
 ins'gnia: 1 insignia, ium : regal 
 
 i., ins. regia. Cic. Si-xt. 26, fin. : \av. 
 
 2, fasces, seciires (of consular 
 
 power) : cf. Hor Ep. 1, 16. J4, detulerit 
 
 fasces indigno ib Od. J, 2, 9. 
 
 insignificance, exiguitas. cic Fin. 
 4, 12, 29. (VIediurritas, in Veil. 2, ijo, 
 mediocritas hominum, may perh. be 
 rendered, the i of man, i. e. compared 
 with the goils , Ijut the expr. is less 
 strong than the KE|g.) 
 
 iCBignificant ■ 1. parvus (valde 
 412 
 
 parvus, Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 29); exiguus 
 (very small : superl. exiguissimus, Plin. 
 
 Ep. 7, 24, n): V. SMALL, TRIFLING. 2. 
 
 nulliusmomenti: v unimportant. 3. 
 nullus in the^e so trifling, so i. things, 
 ill his tam parvis atque tam nuUis, Plin. 
 II. 2, 2 hoiv i., quam nuUae (vires). 
 Just. 2, 12, vied. 4. minutus (exceed- 
 ingly small) .- t. engagements, xa. proelia, 
 Auct. B. Afr. 29 tfie i. commonalty 
 (opp. to the great), m. plebes, Phaedr. 4, 
 6, extr. Dimin. minutulus : Macr. 5. 
 tenuis, e : the i. remains of a great city. 
 magnae urbis t. vestigium, Plin. J, 4, 5 : 
 V. slight. Phr.: to appear i. (by the 
 side of what is greater, obscurari atque 
 obrui, Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 29). 
 
 insincere : 1. blandus (soft- 
 
 spoken, flattering) : opp. to verus (ami- 
 cus) ; Cic. Am. 25, 95 : but also used in 
 good sense. 2. Mcosus, fQcatus (lit. 
 coloured with paint : hence, showy with- 
 out, but hollow) : shoii-y and i. friend- 
 ships, ambitiosae et fucosae amif-iliae, 
 Cic. Att. I, 18, init. Join: subdolus 
 ac fucatus, Plin. : v. false (II.) 3. 
 infidus (not 10 be trusted) .- v. unfaith- 
 ful. 4. siniulatus . v. pretended. 
 5. expr. by sincerus and a nega- 
 tive : V. sincf.re. 
 
 insincerely : 1. simiiiate : Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 67, extr. Join: ficte et sinm- 
 late, Cic Q. Fr. i, i, 4. 2. ficte 
 (feignedly) : Cic. Fam. }, 12, extr. ; cf. 
 supr. (1). 3. baud s. parum sincere : 
 V. sincerely. 
 
 insincerity : 1. («« character of 
 the mind) ingenium panim sincerum, 
 apertum, etc. : v. sincere. 2. fraus, 
 fallacia (as seen in deed and word) : v. 
 deceit. 3. e.xpr. by neut. of adj. : 
 let there be no falsehood, no i., *ne quid 
 falsi sit, ne quid simulati : cf L. G. 
 5 270, Obs. 4. slmiilatio : v. pre- 
 tence, hypocrisy. Phr.: without any 
 i., sine fuco et fallaciis, Cic. Att. i, i, 
 init. 
 
 insinuate: |. As verb refl, to i. 
 oneself, creep in : 1. insinuo, I (with 
 pron. refl) : to i. oneself into any one's 
 intimacy, se alicujus in familiaritatem 
 ins., Cic. Caec. 5. init. ; in alicvyus con- 
 suetudinem ins., Cic. Fam. 4. 1 j, /in. : Liv. 
 Also in lit. sen.<e. 2. arrepo, psi, j (to 
 creep in) : to i. oneself into any one's 
 friendship gradually, sensim [atque 
 moderate] ad alicujus amicitiam ar., Cic 
 Verr. j, 68, 158 : so, animo alicujus 
 arrepere, Tac. A. j. ;o, extr. 3. 
 
 irrepo, psi, j ; used by Tac. absol., cf. 
 A. I}, 12, penitus irrepserat. per luxum, 
 etc. II. To infuie gradually : instillo, 
 I (lit. to pour in drop by drop) .- v. to 
 instill. Ill, To use insinuation : 
 
 operte signif ico : v. to hint. 
 
 insinuating (adj.) -. blandus (smooth- 
 spoken) : most i. speech, blandissima ora- 
 tio, Petr. 126 : pleasure, most i. mistress, 
 voluplates blandissimae dominae, Cic. 
 Off. 2, 10, J7 : i. address, *b. quaedam 
 suavitas morum : see also persuasive. 
 Phr.: under the i. influence of vice, 
 blandientibus vitiis, Tac. Agr. 16. 
 
 insinuatingly : 1. blande (cf. 
 adj.) ■ Ter. Cic. 2. expr. by blandior, 
 4 (to speak or behave i.) : she thus i. 
 addressed her ttncle, sic patnio blandita 
 suo est, Ov. Met. 4, $}i: more fully, 
 suaviter bl., Cic. Ac. 2, 4V, 159 3, 
 
 per blanditias : cf. Suet Ner. i.\.fin. 
 
 insinuation: nearest word, signi- 
 f icatio . cf. Auct. Her. 4, 54, where the 
 term is thus explained, quum res... 
 dicuntur ex quibus tola res relinquitur 
 in suspicione ; . . .quum ex eo quod dix- 
 imus satis relinquitur suspicionis (i. e. 
 when the sentence conveying the insinu- 
 ation is cmly ftalf uttered) i ...nihil 
 aniplius dicimus, sed significamus quid 
 sentiamus, etc. Phr.: to indulge in 
 i.s, *nihil aperte dicere ; ambiguas serere 
 voces et dissimulando [tectej criminari 
 (cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 98; Cic. Mil. 5, 12) ; 
 oblique perstringere aliquem (R. and A.). 
 
 insipid: I. Lit..- 1. expr. by 
 sapio, ivi and ii, ? ■ (even) the turbot 
 and the i-enison are i., nil rhombus, nil 
 dama sapit, Juv 11,121 2. expr. by 
 
 sapidus, suavls, and a negative t. meat 
 *caro parum (niinime) sapida s, suavis . 
 V savoury, nice. 3. insulsus (lit 
 unsalte.d : oftener In fig. sense) i.food, 
 ins. cibus, Hier.: cf. Cic. Att IJ, }i, ins. 
 gula. i. e. a taste for insipid things : 
 Col. 4, eliitus (washed out hence 
 
 tasteless) : nothing more i. than watered 
 green-stuff, nil elutius horto irriguo, 
 Hor. S. 2, 4, 16. 5. insipidus (lat« 
 and rare) Firm. 6. gustu hfibes, 
 etis . Col. J, 2, post med. Phr i. 
 fare, voluptate carentes cibi, Plin. Ep. 
 1,8,12. II, Fig. of that which lacks 
 interest and point. \. frigidus v 
 
 flat (II.) Join tam frigidus, tam 
 jejunus, Cic. Caec. 21, 61. 2. insulsus 
 v. dull (VI.). 3. nullum haben* 
 succum neque sanguinem, R. and A. 
 (based on Cic. Br. 9, i6). 
 
 insipidity: I. Lit: expr. by 
 nullus sapor, nil sapere, etc. v, fla- 
 vour; insipid. II. Fig.: lack of in 
 terest : insulsitas : Cic. Att I j, 29. 
 
 insipidly : Fig.: 1. frigide 
 Join: inepte et frigide, Gell. 2 
 insulse : Cic. Att 15, 4, init.. Gell. 
 3. Tnepte . v. foolishly. 
 
 insist: I. insto, stiti, I (to urge or 
 press a matter) : h£ i.s that it is a fact, 
 ille i. factum, Ter. Andr. i, i, 120 when 
 a claim is expr., may be foil, bj' inf., 
 flagitare, poscere, etc., cf. Cic. Verr. j, 
 $c),fin., but insto does not imply a right 
 to make such a claim, like the Eng. : v 
 to urge. 2. flagito, i (to demand 
 urgently) : I always i.'d upon it. tliat 
 lie should be convened, semper flagitavj 
 ut convocaremur, Cic. Ph. 5, 11, jo cf. 
 id. PI. 19, 48, etiam atque etiam insto 
 atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo 
 flagito crimen, v. to demand. 
 
 insnare ; v. ensnare. 
 
 insolence : 1. contiimacia (offen- 
 sive haiightniess) i. and presumption, 
 c, arrogantia, Cic. Rose. Com. 15, 44 i. 
 expressed in the features, c. in vultu, 
 Liv. 2, 61, med.: blunt i., abrupta c. 
 (opp. to defonne obsequium), Tac. A. 
 4, 20. Join: insolentia, contumaria, 
 superbia ; contiimacia et ferocitas, Cic. 
 
 2. insOlentia (overbearing befta- 
 viour ,- esp. as resulting from success : 
 cf Sail. Jug. 40, extr., pUbem ex se- 
 cundis rebus ins. ceperat) : .loin: inso- 
 lentia, superbia, contuniacia, Cic. Verr. 
 4, 41, 89; crudelitas et insolentia, Caes. 
 B. C. I, }2. 3. aud.'icia (daring, ef- 
 frontery): Join: impudentia atque 
 audacia, Cic. Fl. 15, J5. 4. superbia, 
 arrogantia : v. arrogance, haughti- 
 ness, presumption. 5. impudentia: 
 V. impudence. 
 
 insolent : 1. contumax (offen- 
 
 sively hau/jhty) : i., arrogant, careless, 
 c, arrogans, securus. Quint. 6, i. 14 . i. 
 towards any one, c. in aliquem, Cic. Att 
 15, 15: overbearing and i. towards the 
 commons, violentus atque c. adversus 
 plebem. Suet. Tib. 2 (de Claudia gente). 
 Join: contumax, inbumanus, superbus, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 78, ad fin. 2. insOIens, 
 ntis : v. overbearing. 3. superbus : 
 V. HAUGHTY. To bccome i., insolescere. 
 Sail. Cat. 6, extr. 
 
 insolently : 1. contumaclter Ci& : 
 Liv. 2. iD&olenleT (overbearingly ; ct 
 insolence) : to exult i., ins. se efTerre 
 (be unduly elated), Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, J9. 
 
 3. impiidenter : v. impudently. 
 Phr.: to behave oneself i., superbiA 
 efferre sese, Sail. Jug. 14, med 
 
 insoluble : I. -^'"t to be malted .• 
 expr. by liquefieri, resolvi non posse • 
 V. to melt. II, Not to be solved or 
 explained : P h r. : an i. problem, *quaes- 
 tio s. problema cujus nulla est solutio 
 V. solution. 
 
 insolvency : Phr.: to be in a state 
 of i., non solvendo esse, Cic. Off. 2, 22, 
 79 ; solvendo aere alieno non esse, Liv. 
 JI, I J : see also bankruptcy. 
 
 insolvent : qui non est solvendo ; 
 V. preced. art. ; also bankrupt. Phr.: 
 to declare oneself i., bonam copiam 
 ejurare, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, ad fin. (used 
 fig). 
 
 insomuch : Meo ut ; v. so that.
 
 INS PECT 
 
 INSTANT 
 
 INSTIGATOR 
 
 inspect • 1. msplclo, spcxi, ctum, ! irreat fear, alicui magnnm metum inc 
 
 J (to iuok carefvlly at) . to i. the vincrra 
 (^jor auspices), exta Ins., Cic. I>iv 2. i {, 
 il tu i. a soldier's arms, armu niililis 
 tns, Cic. Caec. 21, 6i to i. accounts, 
 ratloncs ins., I'lin. Ep. 10, 54 (57). 2. 
 asplcio, } (less fi eq. . in same sense) to 
 i. the marvellous work, ut aspicerent 
 opus admirablle, Ov. M. 6, 14 tlie senate 
 sent Appius Claudius to i. and arraruje 
 those matters, Ap. Claudium ad eas res 
 aspiciendas com pone ndasque senatus 
 niisit, \A\. 42, 5, med. 3. introsplcio, 
 S (with in and aix. or ace. alone) i. 
 carefully every part of the state, intro- 
 spicile in omnes reip. partes, Cic. Kent. 
 IS, }}. See also to kxamink, revif.w 
 P h r. to i. the i-incaa, exta spectare. 
 Curt. 1, 1, ad init. (cf. supr !)■ to t. 
 the Sibylline books, libros (st. Sibylliiios) 
 adire, Liv J4, 55. 
 
 inspection: I. Tlte act of looiHng 
 at : inspectio Col. guint. (Usu. better 
 expr. by verb v to inspect.) ||, 
 Ovei sight,superinteridence: ac&Tc&t, word, 
 CUra • V. CHARGE (IV.). 
 
 inspector; curator (one vho has the 
 charge and responsibility of) : i. of the 
 corn-market, of the hish-i'ays, etc., c. 
 annonae, Vet. Lex in Cic. Leg. 5, }, 7 ; 
 viae Flamlniae, Cic. Att. i, i, 2. See also 
 
 OVER.SEK.R. 
 
 inspectorship : cura v charge 
 (IV.). 
 insphere : 'd sphaera (-am) include 
 
 ▼. TO ENCLOSE. 
 
 inspiration t l of breath : spi- 
 lltus qui hauritur, ducitur v breath. 
 Tomake an i., inspirare! v. to breathe. 
 II. J Hvine prompting : 1, afflatus, 
 us (rare except in abl.) : no great man 
 vrithout smne divine i., nemo vir mas;nus 
 sine aliquo divino af., Cic. N. Ii. 2,66, 
 167. Join instinciudivinoqueafflatu, 
 Cic. niv. I, 18, 54. 2. inflatus, us 
 
 (like preced.) • .Join instinctu inflatu- 
 que divino, Cic. Div. i, 6, 12. 3. in- 
 Stinclus, us (divine impulse or instiga- 
 tion): Cic. (V supr. 1) Lact. 4. 
 infianimatio animi [et quidam afflatus 
 quasi furoris], i. e. poetic excitement and 
 i., Cio. de Or. 2, 46, eo:tr 5. inspi- 
 ratio (late) literary i., iiisp. litteraria, 
 Sidon. Eccl. & rr. (N.B.— Only to be 
 used as theol. 1. 1.) Phr. to prophesy 
 under the influence of supematural i., 
 aivino splritu inslinctum caiiere, Liv. 5. 
 li ■ by i., not of my oum imjiulse, divi. 
 nitU3, non niea sponie, Cic. Sull. 15. 4? 
 
 biel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 4, i : fear is iA by 
 (lunger, timor inculitur ex periculis, 
 ( ie.'ile Or. 251, (lir. 5. impleo, com- 
 plio. 2 V to kill (IIL). 
 
 inspired (^part. adj.): afflatus, in- 
 stinctus (only of persons) ■ inspiratus 
 (Vulg.) V. to insi'1re(I.). Sometimes 
 furens, furibimdus, may serve, as the 
 so-cilled inspiration of nagaiiism was 
 frenzied . cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 100, ea frena 
 furenti concutit Apollo, i. e. on the in- 
 spired Sibyls cf. also Cic. I)iv i, 2, 4. 
 
 inspirer- expr by verb v to in- 
 
 Sl'l Ulv 
 
 inspirit • sxpr. by phr., animum 
 alicui a<ldi-re, augere etc. : v TO encou- 
 r,\ge. 
 
 inspiriting (.a>ij.) •• sometimes laetus 
 may serve ■ v encouraging (adj.). 
 
 instability: instaWlitas (late and 
 rare) I'iin. Arn. (Usu. belter expr. 
 by instabilis, inconstans, mutabills . v. 
 
 ITN.>TABLK.) 
 
 install: ina\iguro, I (strictly, with 
 (iitgnnii frrmalities) : to i. any one as 
 Jiamen, aliquem flaminem i., Liv. : v. 
 
 TO INACGUKAPK. 
 
 installation: expr. by Inauguro, 
 
 I V Til l.NAl GDKATE. 
 
 instalment I. lnStaUati>m .• q. v. 
 II, A payment in part 1, pensio 
 to pay ioo talents in six annual i.s, 
 trecenta talenta per annos sex n. aequia 
 dare, Liv. j8, 9, med.: the first i. prima 
 p., Cic. Fam. 6, i8,/«. " 2. portio (a 
 portion) : the balance ta be paid in three 
 yearly i.s, ut id quod superesset tri- 
 ennio tribus p. persolveretur, Liv. 6, 
 J 5, med. 
 
 instance (subs.) .- |. Urgency, 
 
 solicitation . expr. by auctor at the i. 
 if many persons b<ii)vging to the stale, 
 nmllis ex civitate auctorilnis, Caes. B. G. 
 ;. 2;: Cic. II, An ixample: exem- 
 
 plum: V. EXAMi'LK. Esp. in phr., _/w 
 inftance: (1). verbi causa or grati^- if 
 a person, for i., tvere bom at the rise of 
 the Dog-star, si quis, verbi causa, oriente 
 Oanicula natus est. Cic. Fat. 6, 12: so, 
 verbi gratia, Cic. Fin. ?, 11, }o. (2). ex- 
 empli causa (to introduce an illustration, 
 csp. when the same is related in full ; 
 whereas verbi causa is used when an 
 instance is glanced at in passing) : cf. 
 Cic. Mur. 11, fin., quia, in alicujus libris, 
 erimpli causa, id nomen invenerant, 
 putamnt onmes nnilieres, etc. ■ Plin. 2, 
 >7. 15 71- 3. Xfelut. veluti (as. for 
 
 given 63/ t. of God, (scriplura) divinitus instance); cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 44. 95. nun- 
 Inspirata, Vulg. II. I'ini. ill. 16. quam tarn male est Siculis qiiin aliqr.id 
 
 inspire : 
 
 I. 7*0 inlrreathe super- 
 natural knowledge: 1. afllo, I (in 
 this sense, occurring only mpass.) : to be, 
 as it II ere, divinely i.d, i excitari et] quasi 
 divino quodam spirim afflari, Cic. Arch. 
 8, 18 • Virg. 2. Instinguo, n.xi, nctum, 
 ? (to impel internally) : only in p part, 
 pass., divinely i.d, divino spiritu in- 
 8tinctus. Liv. 5, ij; sacro inslincta 
 [mens] furore, Luc;in, 5, 150. Fig., i.d 
 by tliese ivords, instincti fniilitesj his 
 voclbus, Liv. 9, 40. 3 incito, i (rare 
 In this sense) the pouer of the earth i.d 
 the I'ythoness, terras vis Pylliiam inci- 
 tabat, Cic. Div i, j6, 79 cf. id. Ac. 2, 
 S, 14, exclamant qua^i menie incitati 
 (as though beside themselves). 4. 'n- 
 spiro, I (1 'e; i.d persons, qui inspirari 
 sclent. Just. 45, i Vulg. Hod. Scrr. 
 
 II. To impart; 1. Inlicio, jcci, 
 jectum, J (to put into a person with 
 occ. and dat.): to i. any o)ie vith fear, 
 alicui formidinem inj , Cic. Verr. i, 28, 
 68; with the intention to dare, alicui 
 mentcm inj. ul audeat, Cic. Mil. ;i, 84. 
 Liv.; Nep. 2. addo. diili. dinnn, ) 
 
 (same constr. esp. with ref. to such 
 feelings as courage, daring, etc.) ; to i. 
 any one unth amrage, animos alicui a., 
 Cic Att. 7, 2, 4i vith i-a'our, virtutem 
 a.. Sail. Cat. 58, init. , with fear, fomii- 
 dinem a.. Sail. Jug. 57 (a less usu. expr.). 
 
 3 afffirii, }, irr (like preced.) : Cic. 
 Verr. ?. 25, 6j, etc. yuint. I'Un. 4, 
 incutio. ssi, ssum, } (with ref. to any 
 SudiUn emotion : same constr. as pre- 
 c«d., but less freq.) : to i. any ovf with 
 
 facete et commode dicant, veluli in hac 
 re aiebant, i. e. as, for instance, in the 
 present case, they said. , , : also Quint. 2, 
 21, 8, aliae quuque artes mituires habent 
 multiplicem niateriaui, veluti architec- 
 lonice, i. e. as. I or instance, architecture. 
 4. perh. nam cf.Virg.G. 1,451, riani 
 saepe videnius. . ., i. e. for instiinee, we 
 often see. . . : cf. also Sail. Jug. 4, med., 
 Sam saepe audivi.. ., i. e. for instance, 
 I have often heard; also ib. 10, ad init.. 
 Nam, ut alia magna et egregia tua oniit- 
 tani, i.e. for instance, to say nothing 
 of your cither great and distinguished 
 eats. In a similar way is used also 
 f'liim, oit\y second in il.s clause: cf. PI. 
 Poen. 4, 2, 52, *> Si f\itiirnm est, do 
 til)i operam banc. J/i. yuomodo? Sy. 
 Ut etiim, ubi inihi vapulandnm est, tute 
 corium sutleras, " For instance, Uiat nhen 
 I am to be fogged, you mail supply the 
 hide." 
 
 instance (<>■) ■• niemOn., rerero, etc.: 
 / could i. places in which .., posi>eni 
 meniocare quibus in locis. ... Sail. Cat. 
 7. ertr : v TO MENTION. 
 
 instant (.adj.); j. n-gent- in- 
 
 tentus, impensus v. earnkst, lhgent. 
 II. Imminent: praescns, ntis to 
 threaten i. death, pr. intentare mortem. 
 Virg. Aen. I, 91 ■ 1. execution, pr, sup- 
 pliciuni, lac. A. i. ?8 Cic. (pr poena). 
 Or expr. by advv. slJitim, actutum, etc. 
 / Mieve the consequence would be i. 
 death, ego mortem actutum futuram 
 puto, Cia Ph. 12, n, 26: v. imme- 
 diately. 
 
 instant (subs.) : momentum (tern- 
 poiLs liorae) . usu. in abl. : v. moment. 
 
 instantaneous ; 4uod momenta 
 
 tenipuri:. lit v. in.stantaNEOUSLV. 
 
 instantaneously : continue (cf. Cic. 
 R. Com. 6. I'j. igrii> in aquam conjectua 
 cimtinua exstiuguitur); memento tem- 
 poris s. horae, statim . v. immekiately. 
 
 instantly I. Cryently: \uU.ntk, 
 inipense: v. earnestly. ||, At once: 
 statim, actiitmn, memento temporis s. 
 horae. V. immkjjiatkly. 
 
 instate ; ^ to install. 
 
 instead of: I. Before a subs.: 
 
 1. pro (with abl.: also, on behalf 
 of) : to /«: put to death i. of any one, pro 
 aliquo necari, Cic. Am. 7, 24 u/irn 
 anotlier word is used i. of the proj.er 
 one, in qnlbus pro verbo roprio subjicl- 
 tur aliquid Cic. Or. 27, 92 : I cr. Her. 
 
 2. lf>oo abl. of locus = in the room 
 of implying that one thing represait» 
 and counts for another.rather than is 
 substitutal for it: cf. Ter. Andr. i. J, 
 57. si le in germani fratris dilcxi loco, 
 i. I', in the room of) : v. room. 3. 
 vice (with gen.: late) bitumen being 
 used i. of mortar, arenae vice bitumiue 
 iniersirate, Just, i, 2 Plin. ||. Hcfore 
 a verbal clause, in Eng. expr. bj- the 
 gerund 1. expr. by quum po^slt 
 (posset, where jia.st time is d.'noicd), 
 foil, by inf (implying that the alt<nia- 
 tive excluded might mine naturally be 
 expected) : i. if being Ud to exrcutioti, 
 he nas locuied with praise, quum po.sset 
 sul mortem duel, omni laude cumulatus 
 e.st (R. and A.) i. of enriching him- 
 self lie remained poor, fuit perpetuo 
 pauper, (pium diti.ssimus esse po.sset, 
 Nep. Phoc. I. 2. expr. in same 
 manner by debee (implying that a jier- 
 sonjia.'! done something else instead of 
 his duty) : i. of thanking me (as lie 
 ought), he abused me, quum gralias mihi 
 agere deberet, mihi maledicelxil (Kr.). 
 
 3. expr. by tautum abest ut...ut 
 (Implying that the excluded altemativs 
 is very far from being the fact) : i. of 
 being praised, . . philosophy is by most 
 neglected and censured, pliilosophia tan- 
 tum abest ul. ..laudetur. ut a pleri.sque 
 neglecta vituperetur, Cic. Tusc. 5, 2. 6. 
 So, adeo non . . ut : cf. Liv. }, 2. med., 
 haec dicta adeo nen moverunt quen- 
 quam, ut Irgati prope violati sint, i. e. 
 instead of the audience being influenced, 
 they, etc. 4. magis. ..quam : to ex- 
 asperate, i. if intimidating, incendere 
 ruagis quam lerrere (Georg.). 
 
 instep : *pedis pars superior atque 
 arcuat.:i. (Appy. no word known.) 
 
 instigate: 1. instico, i (as it 
 were, to goad on) : they i.d the Roman* 
 against Hannibal, Romanes in Hanni- 
 balem insligabant, Liv. jj, 47, nitd. : 
 Cic. 2. exScuo, i, utum, } (to tihet 
 the feelings: more freq. in good sense) : 
 v. to EXCITE (I., 6). 3. sollicito, I 
 
 (to stir up and provoke : always in lad 
 sense) . i.d by bribes from Vie Arvci-ni, 
 sollicitatus ab Arvernis pecnnia, Caes. 
 B. G 7, J7 . to i. slaves to insurrecXion, 
 servitia s.. Sail. Cat 24. e:rtr. Tlie end 
 to whic/i, expr, by ad, ui. and poet, by 
 inf. 4. slTmulo, 1 (like iiisiigo, but 
 usu. in good sense): v. to goad(I1.); 
 STiMULATt:. 5. incito, I . v. to incitb. 
 
 instigation : 1. ^^pr- .'^J' J e^b .- 
 
 at your i., te instlgante. tie. in Pis. II, 
 26 (the same sense might be expr.. less 
 forcibly, te auctore, cf. Oic. 1. c. in/r.). 
 2. instigatio (v. rare, and to t)e 
 avoideii): Auct. Her.. Gai. Hig. 3. 
 stimiilus (lit a goaii . hence, urging, 
 prompting): c(. Tac. H. 5, si.suisfti- 
 mulis escitos Moe^iiae duces, i. e. by hit 
 influence or instigation. 4. impulsus, 
 us (best only in" ahl. : any urging or 
 influence) : Caes. . Cic. 
 
 'instigator : 1. auctor (gen. term, 
 111 good or biid .-ense) . cf. Liv. 2. 54i 
 med.. nee auctor quamvis audaci faci- 
 iiori deerat (," «»i.«fiyator); Caes. B. G 
 5, 25. 2. impulsor (one who influ. 
 e'ncfs for good or bad) : Join: auctof 
 et impulsor [sceleris]. Oic. \'at 10, 24 
 (cf. suasor et impulsor, in good sense 
 41J
 
 INSTILL 
 
 INSTRUMENTAL 
 
 INSULT 
 
 Qc Att. l6, 7, init). 3. roncitator 
 
 (ont who stirs !/;>) : i.s of riot, turbae 
 ac tumultus c, Liv. 25, 4, Jin. : Hirt. 
 
 4. Instimuiatur (v rare) Join 
 instimulatoretconcitator, Orat. pro I)om. 
 5, 1 1. 5. instigator (not of the best 
 
 age) Tac. H. i, ?8, exlr. 
 
 instill : in.-tillo, i (with ace. and 
 dat.) : to i. a precept into the ea r, prae- 
 cepium auriculis ins., Hor Ep. i, 8, 
 16. Join instillare ac tradere, Sen. 
 B'n. 6, 16, 4. (In Cic. Alt. 9, •].init., 
 [literae tuaej mihi quiddam quasi ani- 
 niulae instillarunt, the verb is doubtful 
 \al. ?e-tillarunt]; but it may be used 
 fig., cf. Cic. Sen. tl, 56, nisi tanquani 
 lumini oleum instilles.) 
 
 instinct (s«6s.) 1. e.xpr. by na- 
 
 tiira ainmals do many things, accord- 
 ing to their sereral i.s, niulta bestiae 
 faciunt, duce sua quaeque natura, Cic. 
 Fin. I, 5!, 109 to be impelled to any- 
 thing by i., ad aliquid naturae stimulis 
 incitari, Cic. Rep. t, 2, Jin. : cf. Pliii. 7, 
 4, 5, nimirum haec est natura reruni, 
 naec pn entia ejus, saevissimas feras 
 maximasque nunquam vidisse tjuod de- 
 beant liniere, et statim iiitelligere quum 
 sit tiinendum. 2, appfiiitus, us (na- 
 tural desire ; Ger. trieb) Nature has 
 givnn to brutes sensation and i., Natura 
 dedit belluis sensum et a., Cic. N. D. 2, 
 47, 122 natural i.s, appetitus naturae, 
 Reich, in Kr P h r. . vjhence this (ten- 
 dency) excfpt friim i., unde nisi intus 
 monstratuui? Hor. S. 2, 1, 52 : so stiong 
 an i. of selfyireservation, tanta sui con- 
 servandi custodia, Cic. N. D, 2, 48, extr. 
 
 instinct (adj.) .- P h r, ■ %. with life, 
 anitnaius cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 15, stellae 
 divinis animatae meiitibus cl. Lucr. 5, 
 146, nequeunt vilaliter esse animata 
 also Cic. Tusc i 2J, 54, quud auteni est 
 animal, id 11101,1 cietur intei iore et suo. 
 
 instinctive : 1. naturalis, e : i. 
 
 desire and aversion (in animals^, appe- 
 titio n., -t declinatio n., Cic. N. I). ?, ij, 
 ii V. NATuitAL. 2, expr. by nalura 
 e. g quod natura ingeneravit ; a natura 
 datum s. prolectum cf. instinct (sabs.). 
 
 instincti . ely : natura, naturaliler . 
 
 V. NATURALLY 
 
 institute (''•) •• I. 'I'o establish and 
 organize : 1. instltuo, i, iitum, j (to 
 set imfuot, originate) : to i. sacred rites, 
 sacra i., Liv. i, 19: Cic Att. 6, i, 5 
 Ov . also foil, by ut, to i. a practice : 
 Cia V. TO iKTKoDucR. 2. constUuo, 
 } : V. TO FSTABi.isH (II.). 3. Some- 
 
 times Ricio (to malce, appoint) may serve, 
 cf. Liv I, 19, med., Janura indiceni 
 belli et i acls lerit, he i.d the custom nj' 
 making Janus the sign nf peace or n ar : 
 V. TO APPOINT. II. i'o appoint for- 
 mally : instltuo, ? V TO API'OINT (I.). 
 
 institute (subs.): chiefly in pL, to 
 denote a liody of instruction : institii- 
 tiones e. g. (iaii. 
 
 institution: I. The act: expr. 
 by verb tlie cause of the i. cj' gami-s, 
 causa Insiitu. .idonim ludorura, Val.Max. 
 2, 4, 4 the I. of that magistracy dates 
 many vears offer the de< emvirate, qui 
 magi tratus niultis annis post X viros in- 
 slitutus est, Cic. An. 6, i, 5. (Not insii- 
 tutlo in this sense.) ||. That which 
 is instituted : 1, institutum (includ- 
 ing oil fxed customs) : tans and i.s 
 (regular p actires). Ieg"s et i., Cic. Br. 
 77, 26^ foreiijn i.s (manners and cus- 
 toms , externa i.. Val. Max. 2, 6. 2. 
 exnr. by verb : the is of Xnnia, quae a 
 Nama in^lituta sunt, quae Numa insti- 
 
 tuit: V. TO INSTITUTE. 
 
 instruct . I, To teach : 1 
 
 Srfldio. 4 (to educate) . to i. any one in 
 civil Jail', e. aliquim in Jure civili. Cir. 
 de Or. 1, 59, exir. : also foil, by ad and 
 ace, erudire ad majorum instituta, Cic. 
 Verr j, 59. 161. Join, erudire atque 
 docere (abs.il.), Cic. Off. 1,44, 156; in- 
 stituerc atque e., Cic. Verr 1. c. 2. 
 
 instltuo, i, utum, } (to tiain, train up , 
 q. V ) to i. line quite unviformed in 
 the art of speakhig, aliquem omnino 
 rudem ad dioenduin ins., Cic. de Or. 2, 
 i9, init. : cf. supr. (2). 3. doceo, 
 
 6d6ueo, 2: v. To teach. 4. prae- 
 414 
 
 cipio, cepi, ceptum, j (esp. in practical 
 matters, as morals; also generally, in 
 practice, as opp. to theory : with dat. or 
 absol.) to teach, animimish, i., docere, 
 monere, pr., Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 5 to i. (give 
 instructions) in elaquence, de eloquentia 
 pr., Cic. de Or. 2, 1 1, exlr. : cf. iiij'r. (II.). 
 See also to kducate. (N.B.— Not in- 
 struo in this sense.) || To give direc- 
 tiinis authoritatively : 1, inando, i 
 
 (with dat. and ut, ne) : he i.s that officer 
 to proreed to..., huic mandat [uij. . . 
 ad'-at, Caes. B. G. j, 11 (the ut is not 
 un.ieq. omitted, as here) with ne, to 
 instruct, .not, Caes. B. C. l, I?. 2. 
 praecipio, j (same coustr.) ; they i.'d 
 him as to wuat they uished done, huic 
 quid tieri vellent praeceperunt, Nep 
 I'aus. 4 Sail. Hirt. 3. praescrilx), 
 psi, ptum, } (whether by letter m- other- 
 urise same constr.) ; /</r so I have i.'d 
 
 them to , sic enim praescripsiiiius iis, 
 
 ut. . , Cic. Fam. n, 26 tlmugh he had 
 been i.'d not to. . ., quum ei praescriptuni 
 esset, ne. . ., Cic. Att. 16, },f'n. 
 
 instructed (bene) insiitutus erii- 
 ditUS, etc. V. ACCOWPLISHRI', lkabned. 
 
 instruction: I. nducation-. 1. 
 instituiio( ourse of Iraininy') : ymithj'ul 
 i., puerilis i., Cic de Or. i, init. : Suet. 
 2, educatio, eriidiiio, etc.: v. edu- 
 cation 3. praeCHpuiin (th/it ichich 
 is conveyed as instnwtion) : v. lksson. 
 (Or expr. by verb to attend to the i. of 
 one's children, *suis liheiis erudiendis 
 atque ducendis operaiu dare to give i. 
 in any art, de aliqua re praecipere . v. 
 TO instruct.) II. Authoritative cnm- 
 mand: 1, niandatum. v. chargk(III.). 
 2. praeceptum (less treq. in this 
 sense) : in accordance c ith Ci' era's i.s, 
 ex praecepto Ciceronis, Sail. Cat. 44, init. 
 (^sicuti praeceptum erai, ib. 45): so, 
 Juxta praeceptum. Just. 2, M,Jiii. 3. 
 oft. expr. by praecipio =:praescribo, to 
 give instructions ; ta give i.s to each 
 severally, unicuique praecipere, Auct. 
 B. Afr. 8 cf. supr. (11., 2); to in- 
 struct (II.). 4. praescriptuni : to 
 follow one's i.s in everything, omnia 
 agere ad pr.iescriptum, Caes. B. C. J, 51 : 
 Liv. 
 
 instructive : nearest word, utilis, 
 e. cl. Hor. A. P. J4}, qui miscuit utile 
 dulci, i. e. combines the instructive with 
 the entertaining . So, periitiUs, i"er3/ 1. .- 
 the vorks of Xenophon are very i. in 
 many nai/s, multas ad res peru. sunt 
 Xenophontis libri, Cic. Sin. 17, i7nt. 
 More lully, utilis s. aptus ad homines 
 erudiendos atque docendos. 
 
 instructively: iiiiliier; cf. preced. 
 art. (Or expr. by verb or adj. : poets 
 nish to write either i. or entertainingly, 
 aui prodisse volunt, aui deleciare poetae, 
 Hor. A. P ;{j; student carniiiia sua 
 aut uiilia esse aut dulcia v preced. 
 ani.) 
 
 instructor: ni&gister, /. -tra; doc- 
 tor,/ -tnx (V. rare) : v. tkachek. 
 
 instrument: I. implement: i. 
 
 instrunieiilum (oft. used as collective) 
 v. isiPLKMENT. Vreq. in lig. sense: ivhat 
 ponerful i.s (appliiinces) for attaining 
 to wisdom, quanta i. ad adipiscendara 
 sapientiam, Cic. l^g. 1, 22, Jin. 2. 
 orgamim (Gk. opyai/ov esp. 0/ a») ela- 
 boriile or scii-ntific kind): an i. called a 
 mallet, org. qnod ilicitur ludicula. Col. 12, 
 50. iiie<l. : Kftronnmical i.s, organa, per 
 quae stellarum ac sideruni loca atque 
 magiiiiudines signentiir. Plin. 2, 26, 24. 
 F'req ol musical instruments : Juv o, 
 j8o: yiiint. (later, a peculiar kind of 
 musical i., Kng. "organ"). 3. n>^- 
 china (of a large or formidable kind) .■ 
 v MACHINE. Phr : surgicol i.s,*itTTa.- 
 menia chirureoium (R. and A.). ||. 
 Legal instrumentum, tabula, etc. : v. 
 
 IXICUMENT 
 
 instrumental : I, Tending to a 
 ceitan end: I'hr : /, you, ueie i. in 
 bringing something to pass, meS, tua 
 opera factum est, Cic. Sen. 4, 11 ; in 
 negative sentences, per me, te stetit 
 quominus, I'er. Andr. 4, 2, 16 Caes. : 
 also per without stetit nho icere t. 
 (in bringing a thing to pats), per quos? 
 
 Cic. R. Am. 29, 80 sometimes a^juvare^ 
 adjuniento esse, may serve you were 
 mainly i. in my obtaining . ut conse- 
 queremur..., unus praeter ceteros ad- 
 juvisti, Cic. Q. Fr i, i, 15 (v to ato, 
 FURTHER) he was i. in bringing about 
 Cicero's exile, illo suasore 'aiictore^ atqu« 
 impulsore Cicero ex uibe pulsus est y. 
 instigator. II. As i-pith. nf music i 
 vocal and i. mu^ic, vocum et nervorum 
 et tibiarum [*c. cujusvis generis or- 
 ganorumj canius, Cic. R. Am. 46, 1J4. 
 
 V. MUSIC. 
 
 instrumentality : L mlnists- 
 rinm (seivi^e, agency'): through the 
 malice of iiberius, by the i. of l!n. I'iso, 
 fraude libeiii, ni. ei optra On. Pisoiiis, 
 Suet. Cal. 2. 2. Opfira by whose i. he 
 had been killfd, quorum opera interlecius 
 (erai), Caes. B. G. s, 25 Cic. cf. in- 
 strujik.ntal. 3. expr. by per with 
 ace. : thi ough v hose i. ? By i- horn f per 
 quos? a quibus,= Cic. K. Am. 29, 80. 
 
 instrumentally : f xpr. by per quem, 
 cujus opera, etc. v. instrumental. 
 
 insubordinate : 1. seditiosns . 
 disorderly, i., mischievous, turbulentus, 
 s., perniciosus, Cic. I'h. i, 9, 22 Tac. 
 V. mutinous. 2. male parens tyran- 
 nical Tillers and i. subjr'cts, *superbe 
 imperitanies et male parentes- cf. L. G. 
 $6?8. Phr.: to 6ec""ic i. (of soldiers), 
 lascivire, discordare; disciplinam et la- 
 borem aspernari, Tac. A. i, 16; impe- 
 rium detrecUire, ib. 4;. 
 
 insubordination. 1. immddestia 
 (lack oj order and discipline) • Nep. 
 Ale. 8. 2. inteniperantia (absence of 
 restraint): Join i. nimiaque licen- 
 tia : Nep. Eum. 8. 3. seditio (actual 
 mutiny): more fully, seditio et confusus 
 ordo disciplinae, Tac. H i , 60, Phr. 
 to be guilty of i., propter lie iitiam 
 ducibus non parere, cf. Nep. Eimi. 8 . cf. 
 preced art._^n. 
 
 insuiferable ; intolgrandus, intSlera- 
 bilis V. intolerably. Phr : i. blaze 
 of majesty, *fulg('r ille divinus quo 
 mortalium perstringuntur oculi. 
 
 insufferably : v intolerably. 
 Phr. yo<ide.<s i. bright, *quae ita 
 splendes, ut oculos adsplcientium per- 
 stringas ; quae oculorum aciem per- 
 stringis s. hebetas : v. to dazzle. 
 
 insufficiency: |. Lit.: inopia: 
 
 V. HjAKciTY, want. ||. Fig., expr. 
 
 by sufficio, j, with a negative • they 
 assert the i. of the reason, •mentem 
 ratioiiemque hominum non suflBcere (ad 
 earn P m) confirmant ■ that he might 
 learn the i. of human strength when 
 opposed to the gods, ut intelligeret, quam 
 nullae essent hominum vires adversu* 
 deos. Just. 2, 12, med. : v. inade- 
 quacy. 
 insufficient: I. Lit. : 1. expr. 
 
 by inopia : e. g. on accmmt of the i. supply 
 of corn, pro(>t€r inopiam frumenti s. rei 
 frumentariae : v. want. 2. by sitis 
 with a negative • thiy abandoned the 
 undertalcing oecause tlieir funds were 
 I. *inceptura cmiserunt, propterea quod 
 non suppetebat pecuniae satis magna 
 copia. 3. I'y sufficio, }, with a nega- 
 tive and the supply of the means of 
 subsistence was now i., nee jam sufficere 
 (sufBciebant) alimenta, cf. Caes. B. G. 
 7, 20,/n. ; v to SUFFICE. II Fig.: 
 V. iNADEyuATE ; and cf. preced. art. 
 insufficiently • unnus bene, baud 
 
 satis: V. SUFFICIENTLY 
 
 insular ; insillanus (v. rare, and 
 found only as subs.) : v. islandes. 
 (better expr by insula on account rif 
 our I. position, *propterea quod insulam 
 incolimus, in insula habiiamus i. pecu- 
 liarities. *ingenii Instiiutorumqne pro- 
 pria quaedam, ulpote eorum qui insiilani 
 sunt.) 
 
 insulate expr. by excludo, segrego 
 
 etc. V. TO CUT OFF, S PARATE. 
 
 insult (-f"**) •■ 1, contumelia 
 harass vith every kind of i., omnibus c. 
 vexare, Cic. N. I) i, '6, 7; to do any- 
 thing by way oft. (insultingly), aliquid 
 per ii^juriam facere, Cans. B. C. i, 9 see 
 toll. art. 2. indignitas: v inimgnitt 
 ouTBAjiE. Join, [omnes] indignitates
 
 INSULT 
 
 INTELLECT 
 
 INTEMPERANCE 
 
 contumeliasque ''perfeiTe], Caes. B. G 2, 
 14. 3. probriim (.esp offensive lan- 
 guayti : letters full of every kind of i. 
 touarxu mr, epistolae plenae omnium 
 in me pr , Cic. Alt. 11, <) to assail v-iUi 
 all kinds of i. and abuse, pr omnibus 
 maledlctisque vexare, Cic. VI. Jo, 48 
 so, probra jactare lu aliquem, Liv 29, 9 ; 
 dicere. Ov A. A. }, 49. 4. Isiiominia 
 (the state of one nho is disgraced ur 
 insulted): cf Cic. Verr. }, t)7, Jin., per 
 summam injuriam ignominiamque, i. e. 
 u-itk the utmost aygrai-atum of n-rong 
 and insult : but iKnominla must not be 
 used to denote an insulting act • v. 
 
 DISGRACE, luNOMINY 
 
 insult ("•)•• 1. expr. by contu- 
 mglia with a verb e. g. contumeliam 
 alicui facere, Ter. F'h 5, "j, 79 ; imponerc, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 9, 20 (both implying some 
 affronting act) ; c. in aliquem jacere, 
 Cic Sull. 7, extr. , alicui dicere, PL Bac. 
 2, J, J J (botli referring to language) : to 
 be i.'d, c. acclpere, Caes. B. G. 7. 10; 
 experiri, PUuedr. i, }, 15. 2. siigillo, 
 I (by ofl'etisive language and behaviour) : 
 they (the candidates) had been i.'d and 
 rejected, sugillatus, repulsos t'uissc, Liv 
 4, J5. ./'". : to i. (any one in his) dis- 
 tress, miserias s., Petr. 128. 3. '"- 
 sulto, I (strictly, to exult over: with 
 dat or in and atx.) : to i. (triumph over) 
 any one in his misfortune, ulicui ins. in 
 calamitate, Cic. Verr. 5, ;o. ijz: to i. 
 (behave insolently Umards) the common- 
 wealth, ins. in rempublicam, Cic. Mil. 
 }2, 87. P h r. : 710I to I. any man openly, 
 nnlli laedere os, Ter. Atl. 5, 4, 10. See 
 
 also TO OFFEND, ABISK 
 
 insulting (a<y.).- 1. contiinieli- 
 Ostis (ot persons or things) : Cic. : Tac. 
 2, expr. by conlunielia, probrum : 
 to ask in a very i. manner, magna ver- 
 borum contumelia interrogare, Caes. B. C. 
 J, 71, extr.: a most i. letter, literae 
 omnium probrorum maledictorumque 
 pleuae . v. iNstn,T. 
 
 insultingly : contumellose : Cic. : 
 liv. To behave most i. touards any 
 one, omnea contumelias alicui imponere 
 t. injungere : v. rssuLT. 
 
 insuperable ; 1. insilperabilis, e 
 
 (of nu/iintains, roads, itc.) : Liv. 21, }6. 
 
 2. iue.\siiperal)ilis, e (like preced.) : 
 
 Liv. 5, ?4, med. 3. e-^pr by superarj 
 
 non posse (best for fig. expr.) ; v. to 
 
 OVERCOMK. 
 
 insuperably: *itaut(aliquid)super- 
 ari non possit. 
 insupportable: ''. djsuffebable, 
 
 ISTOLEKABLE. 
 
 insupportably : ▼ iNstrFFEBABLT. 
 
 insuppressible: v. irrepressible. 
 
 insurance: Phr, : an i. company, 
 *societas per quam fenore diito de damiiis 
 s. Jacturis resarciendis praecavetur (the 
 term fenus nauticum was used in a sense 
 analogous to that of marine insurance, 
 see Diet Ant. p. 528, o.): i. nu/ney, ea 
 cautio quam negotiatores assecuratiunis 
 (Ger. assecuranz) nomine usurpant, 
 Wyttenb. (in Kr.). 
 
 insure: I. in gen. sense: cSveo, 
 praecaveu; aliquiii tutum praestu v. 
 
 GUARD (L, Phr.) ; TO SECCRE. II. In 
 
 mercantile sense : *fenor'» Jato dc dam- 
 nis, jacturis, resarciendis cavere, prae- 
 cavere v. to guard against. 
 
 insurer : *qui de darunis, etc.. cavet : 
 V. preced. art. (II.). 
 
 insurgent ("'(?■) • rSbellis, e (strictly, 
 that renews war, breaks out into aar): 
 an i. colony, r. colonia, I'ac H. 4, 72 . v. 
 EEBEI.HOUS. 
 
 insurgent (subs ) .- 1. rebellis, is 
 (strictly adj.) : esp. in pi., rebelles, rebels 
 or insurgents, 'I'ac. A. i, 40. 2. 
 
 rgbellio, onis, rti. (v late and rare) 
 Treb. Poll. 
 
 instirmcuntable . '^ rssupERABLE. 
 
 insurrection ■ 1. rebellio, onis,/. 
 (renewal of uu/ In, a conquered people): 
 V. revolt." 2. motus, us (o political 
 movement, a rising) .- a fonnulable ser- 
 vile t.. magnus scrvilis m., Liv. J9, 29 • 
 he feared an i. in Gaul, m. Galliae 
 verebatur, Caes. B. G 5, 5, eatr. 3. 
 dfefectio . V. revolt. 4. oft expr. 
 
 by bellum cf. Caes. B G 7. I. de bello 
 consilla inire, i. e. Ui concert measures 
 for a general i. : so, bt-llum parare, ib. 
 6, 2. .More precisely, bellum ac de- 
 lectio, ib. 6, j, vied. 5. seditio (a 
 party movement ui a state . civil strife 
 and discord): cf. Liv 6, 16, me<i..jam- 
 que baud procul seditione res erat, wiaN 
 ters "ere very near coming to an i. (viz. 
 by reas'm of ttie popidar indignatioii at 
 the treatment of Manlius) : to excite an 
 i.. s. niovere. Veil. 2, 68 v. sedition, 
 MUTINY 6. ttimultus, Cs (a vioUnt 
 movement, esp of the Gau s or slaves) : 
 a si-rvile i., servilis t., Ci-. B. G. i, 40 
 an i. in Islria, t. lotncus, Liv 41, 6, 
 init. : Cic. 7, insurrectio (Gr. eirai-o- 
 trroo-i? late and rare) Gloss, Phllox. 
 Phr to stir up states to i., civitates 
 sollicitare, Caes. B. G. 8, 2} ; so, oj 
 slaves, servos sollicitare spe Ubertatis, 
 Nep. Paus. },fm. 
 
 insurrectionary : sometimes, sedi- 
 tinsus (tending to excite civil stiife and 
 outbreak): cf. Caes. B. G. I, 18, sedi- 
 tiiisa et Improba oratio. May usu. be 
 expr. by subs, an i. movement, de- 
 fectio, seditici, etc. • the i. leaders, duces 
 seditiiiiiis, etc. v. preced. art. 
 
 insusceptibility . v- iNSKN.siBiLrrr. 
 
 insusceptible : v. n,sENsiBLE. 
 
 intact: 1. integer, gra, grum 
 
 (whole, undimiiiislied) : the Unver por- 
 tion! (rf the piles) remained i., pars in- 
 ferior i. remaneliat, Caes. B. Ij 7, J5 
 surviving i., superstes i., Hor. Od. 2. 17, 
 7 : v. ENTIRE. 2. intactus (not middled 
 with) : i. and uninjured, i. inviolatus- 
 que, Liv. 2, ii.fin. : an army fresh and 
 i., exercitus integer l.qiic, Liv. 10, 14, 
 Jin. 3, incSliiniis, e (uninjured, un- 
 impaired) : to preserve one's distinction 
 I., splendorem suuni inc. retinere, Cia 
 PI. 5, 12: Hor. Join integer inco- 
 lumisque, Cic. Cat. j, 10, extr.: inco- 
 lumis atque intactus, Cic. Kep. 2, 6. 
 4. salvus (preserved, not sacri- 
 ficed) : oft. with a subs, in abl. absol. : 
 the auspices, the laws remaining i., s. 
 auspiciis, legibus, Cic. Fani. i, 2, Jin.: 
 provided only the meaning of the poet 
 is ke}it i., a. inodo poetae sensu, t^uint. 
 
 I, 9. 2- 
 
 intaglio: *imago entypa (Gr. eVrv- 
 170!, ivTvTTwij.a.) ; opp. to ectj'pa, .Sen. 
 Ben. }, 26, I : in^i., entypa, orum (The 
 word does not occur in Lat., but is ne- 
 cessary for precision.) 
 
 integer: *numertis integer: only 
 as t. t. 
 
 integral : i. e. necessary to the whole : 
 an i. part, pars necessaria rei alicujus 
 (R. and A.) ; or perh. *ipsiMs rei pars, 
 sine qua consistere non jiotest. 
 
 integrity : 1. iimocentla (free- 
 
 dom from crime or con-npti/m (f any 
 kind , esp. in jiublic life) : his i. had 
 been tried all his life long, suam in. 
 (opp. to avaritiam) perjietua vita esse 
 perspectam, Caes. B. G. i, 40, ad fin.: 
 what i. ought to mark our generals, 
 quanta in. debent esse imperatores ! Cic. 
 Manil. i}, }6: a man of stem i. (Cato), 
 rigidae in., Liv. 59, 40, med. 2. intc- 
 gritas (uprightness, esp. as opp. to cor- 
 ruption) : i. of character, int. vlUie. 
 Nep. Phoc. I Cic. Join: integriias 
 atque innocentia, Cic. Div. Verr. 9, 27. 
 3. sanctitas (moral puiity, unili - 
 mished character): v. riRiTV. 4. 
 
 abstluentia (esf.J'reedom from gra-'ping 
 and avarice) : i. in the administratit/n 
 of a province, provincialis in magistratu 
 abs., Cic. Sext. J, ^ 5. antlquitis 
 
 (old-school honour and strictness) : men 
 <f the severest i., gravissiniae a. viri, Cic. 
 Sext. }, 6: a pattern of virtue, i., saga- 
 city, virtutis, ant., prudenliae docu- 
 ment um, Cic. Riib. Post. 10, 27. Phr. 
 no person of greater i. in the slate. 
 nemo integrior in civitate, Cic. de Or. 1 . 
 
 5 J, 229- 
 integument . tegilmentam, etc. . v. 
 
 COVERING (subs.). 
 
 intellect : 1. mens, mentis, / : 
 cf. Cic. Kin. ?, i ?. rmi., vh'<re mens is 
 treated as the ma^t important divisimi 
 (pars quae princeps est) of the animus 
 
 or soul: hence the e.vpr. mens anind 
 Lucr. 4, 760 also us- d in more gen 
 sense v. >iind. 2. e.\pr. by circumi. 
 quae pars anin)i rationis atque intellt 
 gentiae particeps est, Cic Uiv i, ji. 90 
 
 3, inggiiium (the iniellectual fjonen 
 generally) : force of i., vib ngenli, Cic 
 Ph. 5, 18, 49 : to be o/' a duii i., Iiebet 
 iiig. esse, ib. 10. 8. 17 v genius, abilits 
 
 4. intellectus, tls ; Intelllgeiitia (as 
 phil t. terms) Boeib. ct Sir W 
 Hamilton's Held, p. 769, 6. 
 
 intellectual • expr. by mms, iniel 
 
 lectus, etc. the inl and emotional 
 powers, *mentis animlque laculiates 
 man is an i. being. *lii.nKi raiione et 
 tiigitatione praeditum animal etit t 
 RATIONAL. (Intellectualis is \ale Lat, 
 e. g. intellectuale systema Is the Lat 
 title of Cudworth's work.) Phr to 
 pursue i. culture, siudia excolere, Quinfc 
 4. pref. ^ }: to seek tola/ e iv i. pursuilt, 
 ad [unicum doloris levamentumj i-tudia 
 confugere, Plin. Ep. 8, 19. 1 so, ib. ^ 
 It, I, juvant me quod vigent tludia: 
 the tastes of the ]iopuiace <it Home uxre 
 not i., *abhorrebat a studiis llteramni 
 indoles plehei ulae Koman.ie 
 
 intelligence: I, Mental faculty: 
 
 v. INTELLECT, REASON || Quicl.Tiea 
 
 of mind : 1. expr. by inggniuni : to 
 be possessed of great or little i., ineenio 
 acuto, retuso esse, cf. Cic. Inv i, }o 79: 
 he preferrel the natural i. of the Bri' 
 tons to the industry if the Gauls, in 
 geiiia Britannorum studiis Gallonim 
 anteerre, lac. Agr. 21. (But ingenium 
 is olten used alisol. to denote superioi 
 endowments: v ability, gknils) 2. 
 sollenia (sol-) i. e. cleverness, quicknett 
 of mind, ingenuity, as practically ap- 
 plied : a race characterized by the great- 
 est i. (ihe Gauls), summae genus 
 Cae.s. B. G. 7. 22 : v. iNOENtrrrr, SKau 
 (Intelligentia is understanding : q. v.^ 
 Ill Tidings: v information (I.)i 
 I v. An Older of superior t>eings: 
 usu. in p/., *intelligentiae (coelestes); 
 Aquin. 
 
 intelligent: I. Possessing under- 
 standing : 1. intelligens, ntis : tag 
 allow the gods to be i. beings, concedi- 
 mus deos esse int., Cic. N I). 2, jo, 77. 
 2. usu. better expr. by circumL, 
 e. g. rationis compos, Cic. N. D. 2, }I, 
 init.; mente praeditus; ratione ac cogi- 
 taiione praediius v rational. ||, 
 Of quick undei standing : Phr.- theg 
 are an i. race, ♦genus hominnm est in- 
 genio satis acuto; ingenio haudquaquam 
 tardo s. obtuso v. inteu-ioence (IL). 
 (N.B. — Intelligens is possessing und'-r- 
 standing: v. su/t (1., 1): cf. Cir Br 
 54, init., intelligens sc. judicium, i. e a 
 judgment or criticism Ixised on under- 
 standing of the subject.) 
 
 intelligently : inteliTgenter (icOA 
 understanding) : to hear (a speaker) i. 
 and attentively, int. et atiente audire 
 Cic. Part. 8, 29. 1' b r. : to antner i, 
 *bene, satis acute, respondere. 
 
 intelligibility: expr. by mteiiigi 
 
 pos.'^e . V. ImII. art. 
 
 intelligible: I. Capable of being 
 understood: Phr. this is not very i. 
 *hoc parum facile est ad intelligendum, 
 baud facile intelligi poU-st v. to undeb- 
 .st,\nd. II, Appertaining (<) thf rea- 
 
 son : intellT^bllis, e an i. good, bonum 
 int. (opp. to bonuni sensiblle), Sen. Ep. 
 124, 2; where it is paraphr. by quod 
 iiitellectu comprehi nditur. 
 
 intelligibly: 'xpr. by Intel ITgo nt 
 cared not to speak i., 'parvi fecit liitelli- 
 gerentur necne quae dicerei. S<e also 
 clearly (L). 
 
 intemperance : 1. intempfrantis 
 
 (in wide.-t sense, lac'.- of .<e'/ restraint) 
 I. a foe to the mind, int. menii iiiiiiiica, 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 22. In special .sense, i 
 in drink, vini int., Liv 44, 50, med. 
 2, intemp^ries, ei (rare) ■ i. in 
 drink, int. ebrietatis. Just. 12. i',,ertr. 
 Phr.: excessiiv and continual 1. (in 
 eating and diinking), prolunda et in- 
 lempestiva pula. Suet. Vit IJ oi-ercome 
 ly i., onustus cibo et 'ino. Cic. IWv. 1, 
 29, 60: stupijied by i., imraoderato ob- 
 41;
 
 INTEMrERATE 
 
 I r T E N T 
 
 INTERCEPT 
 
 Stnpeiacta (mens) potu atque pastu, 
 Cic. 1. c. 
 intemperate : 1. intempgrans, 
 
 Otis (ivit}iout self-restraitW) : i. in sen- 
 sual indulgence, int. in voluptates. Sen. 
 Ir. I, J, } i. in desire for something. 
 int. in alicujus rei cupiditate, Cic. Att 
 IJ, 26. (Not as epith. of language v. 
 infr.) 2. imm6deratus(MW) entrained): 
 Cic. Div. I, 29, 60 V. preced. art extr. 
 3. imniodicus (not observing due 
 bounds) : v. extravagant, immode- 
 rate. 4. impotens, ntis (violent, un- 
 governable): i, rejoicing, imp. laetitia, 
 Cic. I'usc. 5, 7, init. : v. ungovernable. 
 Phr. . in an i. manner, intemperanter 
 (v. foil, art.): to use i. language against 
 any one, intemperanter Invehi in ali- 
 quem, Liv. 42, 14, med. (inimodicus lin- 
 gua, Liv. 22, 12, refers to extravagant 
 boasting). 
 
 intemperately 1 1, intempgranter: 
 too angrily (said\ and most i , nimis 
 iracunde et valde i., Cic. Ph. 2, 5, 12 : to 
 assail i., int. lacerare, Plin. Ep. i, 5. j ; 
 Liv. ■ V. preced. art. fin. 2. intem- 
 perate (rare) : Cic. Join immoderate 
 et intemperate, Cic. Tim. 12. 3. im- 
 mdderate Cic. v supr. (2). 
 
 intemperateness : esp. of lan- 
 guage : perb. violentia . v violence. 
 Phr.: let there be no i. of expression, 
 *ne quid intemperanter dicatur ; cave 
 ne intemperantins in quern inveharis 
 v intemperatelt. 
 
 intend ; •• e. to mean, purpose ; 1. 
 expr. by in animo est, with dat. of sub- 
 ject : they i.'d to pass through the Pro- 
 vince, sibi erat in animo iter per Pro- 
 vinciam facere, Caes. B. G. i, 7: Cic. 
 Also habere in animo (less freq.), Cic. 
 R. Am. 18, 52 (istum exheredare in 
 animo habebat). 2. cogiiu, i (hardly 
 80 decided an expr. as pieced.) do 
 you i. to receive him into your house, 
 hmic tu in aedes c. recipere ? Ter. Eun. 
 5, 2,58: / i. to return (" am thinking 
 of returning") to Antiumby. ... Antium 
 me recipere cogito a. d. ., Cic. Atl. 2, 
 9, fm. 3. expr. by fut. part. act. 
 (intending to do something : see L. G. 
 9 527) cf. Liv. 21, ?8, init., in Etru- 
 riani ducit, earn quoque genteni aut vi 
 aut voluntute adjuncturus (intending to 
 gain): lac. Plin. Ep. 4. destinu, i 
 (to fix, settle) : without doing uhat he 
 had i.'d, iufectis iis quae agere destina- 
 verat,Caes. B. C. i, } ; ; esp. to i. to buy : 
 the table-stand which you had i.'d for 
 yourself, trapezophoron quoil tibi desti- 
 naras, Cic. Fara. 7, 2J, nicd. 5. in- 
 tendo, di, turn and sum, j (to direct 
 one's course towards . aim at) : he could 
 not accomplish what he i.'d, neque quod 
 intenderat efficere potest. Sail. Jug. 
 25: also with animo, Cic. Ph. 10, 4, 9. 
 (N.B. — Neither of the two last can be 
 used to denote a meie intention • the 
 former denotes a definite determina- 
 tion ; the latter implies that an attempt 
 is actually made.) See also to mean. 
 
 intendant : v. superintendent. 
 
 intense: I, Physically; esp. as 
 
 epith. of heat or cold : 1. magnus 
 
 or superl. (gen. term) . in consequence 
 of the i. heat, ex niaguis caloribus, Cic. 
 Q. Fr. }, I, init. (he adds, non enim nie- 
 tninimus majores. more intense) : the 
 cold is 1'., *frigora sunt maxima. (N.B. 
 —The plur. of frigus, calor, are used 
 •with an intensive force.) 2. acer, 
 
 cris. ere (affecting the sen.'es keenly) : 
 i. cold, acre "acerrimuiii] frigus, Lucr. 4, 
 261 : the most i. sweetness, summa et 
 acerrima suavitas, Cic. de Or. j. 25, 99 : 
 am i. red, rubor acerriuius. Sen. N. Q. 1, 
 14.2. 3. nimius: v. exc1':ssive. 4. 
 fervidus (of heat) : v. glowing. I' h r. : 
 the heat xvas i., valde aestuabat (v. hot, 
 I., extr.) : the heat grows more and more 
 i. (fig.), magis aestuat, Ov. M. 4, 64 : it 
 U'OA' the depth of winter ; the cold i., 
 Tiiems erat summa, tempestas perfri- 
 gida, Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86 . the cold be- 
 came so i., tanta vis frigoris insecuta 
 est, Liv. 21, 58 : also, as intensifying 
 epithets of cold occur, rigidum (frigus), 
 Lucr. I, J56; acutuin (gelii), Hor. Od. 
 416 
 
 I, 9, 4; penetrabile (frigus), Virg. G. i, 
 9J; intolerabile, Cic. R. Am. 45, iji , 
 but except the last, they savour of poetic 
 diction. ||, Fig.: highly wrought, 
 
 as desire, love 1, acer, cris, ere (esp. 
 in superl.) .- with more i. zeal, studio 
 acriori, Cic. de Or. i, 21. 9; • V. thought, 
 acerrima [atque attentissima] cogltatio, 
 ib. J, 5, 17 2. intentus i. diligence, 
 intentissima cura, Liv 25, 22 to pay 
 the most i. heed to a case, causam quam 
 maxime intentis oculis, ut aiunt, acer- 
 rime contemplari, Cic. Fl. i r, 26. 3. 
 flagrans, ardens, etc. : v ardent, fer- 
 vent. 
 
 intensely : 1. valde i. sweet, 
 V. dulce, Cic. de Or. ?, 2;, 99 v. ex- 
 ceedingly. 2. acriter emeralds i. 
 green, smaragdi a. virides. Plin. J7, 5, 
 18 J 69 (a rare use) : to desire i., acriter, 
 acerrime cupere . v. eagerly. See also 
 earnestly, ardently. Phr.; to love 
 i. (to desperation), perdite amare (mu- 
 lierem), I'er. Heaut. i, i, 4; ; misere 
 amare, PI. Mil. 4, 6, jz; amore misere 
 deperire (with ace.), PI. Cist, i, 2, 12; 
 also simply deperire (to be dying for). 
 Cat. ?;, 12- PI. 
 
 intensify : 1, intendo, dl, tum 
 and sum, } : to i. hatred, odium int., 
 Tac. A. I J, J5 Plin. jun. 2. incendo, 
 di. sum, J (more Ireq.) : v. to heighten. 
 (Or expr. by circuml., to i. the colour of 
 anything, colorem acriorem reddere . v. 
 intense.) 
 
 intensity; 1. vis, vim, vi,/ (gen. 
 term, both in physical and mental use): 
 such i. of cold, tanta vis frigoris, Liv. 
 21, 58: such i. of cold, and winter, haec 
 vis frigorum hiemsque, Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 
 42 (the plur. denotes <:?,'(>. continued cold, 
 a.<t a feature of climate) : so, vis calorum, 
 Plin. 17, 24, "i7 5 255: v FORCE. 2. 
 
 vehementia (late freq. in Plin.) . i. (or 
 strength) of flavour, v saporis, Plin. 
 19, 5, 27. 3. rigor (only of cold) : i. 
 
 (severity) of winter, r. hiemis, Plin. 11. 
 
 28, ^4- Just. v. SEVERITY. (N.B.— No 
 
 one of the above is equally expressive 
 with the Eng., but they may be strength- 
 ened by the use of adjj. of quantity or 
 
 I degree, e. g. maximus, quantus potest 
 •esse maximus ; summus, tantus, acer 
 see also intense.) 
 
 intensive • gram. t. t. : intentivus : 
 
 e. g. int. adverbia. Prise. 15, j6, p. 1022. 
 
 intensively : *ila ut sensum in- 
 
 tendat atque augeat : v. to intensify. 
 
 intent («Mbs.) ; Phr.: with (delibe- 
 
 : rate) i., consulto (v. intentionally) : 
 to the i. that, in eam partem, ut (ne), 
 
 j Cic. Att. 16, I, fin. (more usu. eo con- 
 silio ut, V. intention) : to all i.s and 
 purposes, *si non verbo, at re this iVs to 
 all i.s and purposes the same case as the 
 otlier, *hoc revera nihil omnino differt 
 
 ab illo: V. VIRTUALLY, ALTOGETHER. 
 
 intent (adj.) .■ 1. intentus (foil, by 
 ad, in and abl., less freq. abl. alone, or 
 dat.) : ttu/ugh you are i. upon the relief 
 of. . ., quam vis i. animus tuussitad libe- 
 randum,Cic. Ph. 11,9, 22: Caes.: but in- 
 tentus in ea re, Caes. B. G. j, 22, where 
 the sense is engaged in, and intent there- 
 upon : i. on some calling, aliquo negotio 
 i.. Sail. Cat. 2, extr. : v. attentive. 
 2. attentus (bent on : esp. with ref. 
 to money-making : constr. like preced.): 
 i. oti peif, a. ad rem, Per. Ad. 5, j, 48 ; *. 
 ODi gain, a. quaesitis (dat.), Hor. S. 2, 6, 
 82. 3. erectiis (esp. wiWi ec^ctojiCi/) : 
 more fully, intentus exspectatione, Liv. 
 2,54: Cic. Join: intentus suspensus- 
 que, Liv. i, 2?. Phr.: i. thereupon, 
 totus in illis, Hor. S. i, 9, 2 . to be i. on 
 anything : (1). incumbo, ctibui, itum, j 
 (to devote oneself to, strive hard for) : 
 to be i. upon renovn, toto pectore inc. 
 in laudem, Cic. Fam. 10, 10 v. to de- 
 vote (oneself). (2). intendo, di, tum 
 and sum, j (with animuin ; or as pass, 
 refi. with animo) : not to be i. enough 
 upon a thing, parum [detigere] animum 
 et intendere, Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 46 ■ to be i. 
 upon a thing, animo intend! in aliquid, 
 Liv. I, 25. (3). perh. immineo, ui, 2 (to 
 threaten; hence, to be bent on getting : 
 constr. various) : cf. Cic. Ph. 5, 7, jo. 
 
 hnjus mendicitas aviditate conjuncta in 
 nostras fortunas im. (overhangs, and is 
 ready to descend upon) : cf. also, emp- 
 tioni im., Suet. Aug. 24, appy. = to be i, 
 on buying. Phr.: to be more i. on 
 doing one thing than another, avidius 
 hoc luam illud facere, cf. Sail. Jug. 60. 
 
 intention : 1, consilium : with 
 the i. of. . ., eo c. ut (uli), Caes. B. 6. i, 
 48 V. DESIGN. 2. proposilum (rather 
 stronger than the Eng.) . what was 
 Pompey's i. or disposition, quidnam 
 Pompeius propositi aut voluntatis habe- 
 ret, Caes. B. C. j, 84 : v. purpose. 
 Phr.- it is my i., mihi in animo est; 
 
 cogito, etc. v. TO INTEND. 
 
 intentionally : consulto, dedit& 
 
 opera, de Industrie : v. designedly. 
 
 intently: 1. intentg: yuim. 2. 
 expr. by intentus : cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 1 : 
 Sail. Jug. 60, intenti proelium prospecta- 
 bant ■ V. L. G. } J4i. 3. expr. by 
 
 modal abl., intentis oculis, ut aiunt, Cic. 
 Fl. 11, 26: 7m)st i., acerrimfi atque at- 
 tentissima cura, cf. Cic. Or. J, 5, 17. See 
 
 also ATTENTIVELY, EARNESTLY. 
 
 intentness: expr. by adj.: V. IN- 
 TENT. 
 inter : hiimo, sSpSUo, etc. : V. TO 
 
 BURY. 
 
 interment ; humatio, sgpultiira • V. 
 
 BURIAL. 
 
 illtercalary : intercalaris, e; inter- 
 calarius, a, um: Cic: Liv. Phr.: an 
 i. day (or days) was inserted this year, 
 intercalatum (est) eo anno, Liv. 4;, 44, 
 init. . The usu. inteicalary day was the 
 day following VI. Kal. Mart. (24 Febr.), 
 which was called bisextus, that dale 
 being reckoned tuice. 
 
 intercalate : intercalo, i • one day 
 to be i.d every 4 years, ut unus dies 
 quarto quoque anno intercalaretur. Suet. 
 C!aes. 40 . most freq. as pass, impers., 
 V. foil. art. (Injicio, in Suet. 1. c, denotes 
 an addition to a single year <mly ) 
 
 intercalation ; 1. intercaiatio ■ 
 
 Plin.: Maer. 2. more freq. expr. by 
 
 intercalatur, pass, impers. : I beg you to 
 resist any i., rugo ut pugnes ne inlerca- 
 leuir, Cic. Att. 5, 9 an i. took place, 
 intercalatum est Liv. . v. interca- 
 lary. 
 
 intercede ; expr. by deprecor, I 
 (=to pray earnestly, esp. to prevent 
 evil.. with dat. of person mi behalf of 
 uhom, or pro and aid.) : to i. on be- 
 half of any one, against a beating, d. 
 alicui ne vapulet, I'l. Asin. extr. : to i. 
 cm behalf of a citizen, pro cive d., Cic. 
 Se.\t. 12, exir. : Liv.: the person on be- 
 half of uhom may be left unexpressed: 
 to i. with the senate [<m behalf of his 
 father], ad deprecandam irani senatus, 
 Liv. J9, J?. (So any verb of praying, 
 e. g. precor, peto, may be used with dat., 
 or abl. with pro: Vulg. usu. has inter- 
 pellare, Gr. evrvyxdvei.i'. which is not 
 class, in this sense.) N.B. — Intercede 
 is to interfere. 
 
 interceder : deprecator i.s for my 
 safety, deprecatores salutis meae, Cic. 
 Sext. 12, 27 . to appear as i. before, any 
 erne on a person's behalf, apud aliquem 
 dep. [defensoremque' adesse, Liv. j6, ?5. 
 (N.B. — Intercessor is one who intervenes 
 ov mediates.) 
 
 intercept: I. ^o cut offi l. 
 intercludo, }: v. TO cut off. 2. 
 
 iniercipio, cepi, ceptum, j (to capture 
 a thing during its tra7isit) : to be 
 either lout, opened, or i.'d (of a letter) 
 aut interire, aut aperiri aut intercipi, 
 Cic. Att. I, I}, med. : to i. supplies, 
 commeatus i., Caes. B. G. 8, 47 ; Liv. 
 3. excipio, J (to meet and capture 
 that which is fleeing) ; to guard against 
 my being i.'d in flight, cavere ne ex- 
 ciperemur (a Caesare). Cic. Att. 8, 11, D: 
 Caes. : V. TO CATCH. 4. circumvenio, 
 4 to lie in vait for and i., insidiari ct 
 c, Caes. B. G. 6, J4. ||. To stand in 
 the way of: officio, j: to i. the light 
 (esp. of buildings), luminibus of., Cic 
 Rab. Post. 16, 4 J (fig.) : Gai. Inst. : to i. 
 the sun's rays J 70m one who is basking 
 apricanti of., Cic. Tusc. 5, }2, 92 : v. TO 
 obstruct.
 
 INTERCESSION 
 
 I N T E H »=" S T 
 
 INTERJACENT 
 
 intercession : 1. deprficatio (any 
 prayer for the averting of evil) • cf. 
 Cic. Part. %•], Jin., ad ejus facti depreca- 
 tionem. 2. oft. better expr. by de- 
 prgcator: to obtain a thing by some one's 
 t., aliquo dcprecatore Impetrare, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 9 it is through your i. I am 
 saiieti, *tedeprecatore acdefensoresalvus 
 
 BUin : V. INTKRCKUKK. 
 
 intercessor: dcprecator: v. intkr- 
 CEDFk; also preccd. art. /in. 
 
 intercessory : expr. by deprecator, 
 or pvis. purl, ijf (ii'precor . r. prayer, 
 •depp caiitiuiii pro ulilk suppllcationes. 
 
 interchange ("•)•• muio, permruo, 
 
 cummutu, with inter and pron. retl. : v. 
 TO EXCHANGE. I' l) r. : we did not i. a 
 single nord, *nullo iie niiiiimo quldem 
 sennonis conimercio u.si sunius. 
 
 interchange (*"''•'••) •■ 1. permu- 
 tatio (csp. of commodities) .- Cic. 2. 
 
 vicis, viccm, vice ; uo num. sing. ; pi. 
 complete e.xcepi gen. (change, alterna- 
 tion) : i. of question and answer, Inter- 
 rogandi et respondendi vices, Quint. 9, 
 2, 14: but the word is applicable to 
 any turn or .wrcwsion, cf. Hor. U<1. i, 
 4, 1. 3. vicissiiudo, inis, /. (action 
 by vices or aUeinati(m) : i. of converse, 
 sermonis v., (Jlc. Off. 1, J7, IJ4; of 
 kiminess and affection, sludiorum et 
 officiorum, i<i. Am. 14, 49. Join: [ex 
 alio in aliudj vicissitude et mniatio 
 {=:transf()i'matioii), Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69. 
 
 interchangeable : *(res) quae inter 
 
 se coniinutari fHiissunt: sometimes, quae 
 idem valent : v. icqcivalent. 
 interchangeably : invicem : v. al- 
 
 TERNATKLV. 1' ti r. : these words are 
 used i., •adhibentur hae voces sine uUo 
 discrimine ; harum vocum nullum babe- 
 tur discrimen. 
 
 intercourse : t. In gen. sense, 
 reciprocal dealings : 1. conimercium 
 (strictly, commt'icia J i., but silso in wider 
 sense), to deprive of commercial i. (by 
 law), conmiercia adimcre, Liv. 8, «4; 
 to preclude it (as physical circumstan^-es 
 may), c. prohibere. Sail. Jufj. l8 : you 
 forbid the patrv.ians to har'C i. with the 
 plebeians, intt-rdicitis patiibus commer- 
 ciuni plebis, Liv. 5, j, med. : so, cum 
 Musis c. habere, Cic. Tusc 5, 2;, 66. 
 
 2. iisus, us (most gen. term, to de- 
 note social i.): domestic i. and intimacy, 
 domesticus u. et consuetudo, Cic. R. Am. 
 6, 15: much intimate i., magmis fami- 
 liaritatis u., Cic. Fam. i j, 52. 3. con- 
 sue'udo, inis, /. (social ; of an habitual 
 kind) : hound to each other by (fami- 
 liar) i., consuetudine inter se conjuncti, 
 Cic; v INTIMACY. 4. conversatio 
 (v. rare) : Veil. 2, 102. 5 consortium 
 (r.trictly partnership) : Sen. N. y. i, 
 pref. P b r. : to enjoy the i. of any one, 
 aliquo [multum, familiariter, valde fami- 
 liariter] uti, Hor. Ep. i, 17, 14: Cic. 
 Att. 16, 5, etc. : masters forbid their 
 slaves to have i. with those of otfiers, 
 servis suis vetant doniini quidquam rei 
 cum alienis honiinibiis esse, LiT. 5, j, 
 med. : to avoid all Kind of i. imth a 
 person, aditum, semionem, congressum 
 alicujus fugeie, Cic. Scxt. 52, iii. ||. 
 Sexual : 1, congressns, us (gen. term) : 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 48. 174. (Also coiigressio, 
 Lact.) 2. usHs, us (of men and 
 woiiuti: poet.): Ov. R. Am. JS"). Tib. 
 
 3. coDsuelildo (usu.f;/' an irregular 
 kind, and amtiuued) : an illicit i. of 
 old standing, velus siupri c. Sail. Cat. 
 2?: Ter. 4. assueti"ido (= priced.): 
 TacA. ij, 46. 5. conimercium: PI. 
 True. I, I, 77. 6. nox, nocii.s, /. 
 (melon.) : Cic Att. i, 16, } -. noctes cer- 
 tarum mulierum. 
 
 interdict ('■•) •• >• e- to lay under a 
 prohibition : iiiterdico, xi, ctum, j (with 
 ace. of person and alil. of thing ; dat. of 
 person and ace. of thing, or subj.) : to i. 
 from swTifices, sacrificiis i., Caes. B. G. 
 6, u : the people of Antium were i.'d 
 the use of the sea, Populo Aniiati inter- 
 dictum mare est, Liv. 8, 14. Join: 
 imperare at^ue interdlcere alicul [nej, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 22. 
 
 interdict (subs^ .- interdictum (legal 
 term) : v. Diet Ant. p. 642. 
 
 interest ("•) • |. 'fc occupy and 
 affect tlie mind: \, tfineo, ui. ntum, 
 2 (to holdfast the attention): children 
 are i.'d in games, sluias, pueri ludis, 
 spectaculis tenentur, Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48; 
 
 V. T<) ENCHAIN. 2. dt'lCCtO. I : V. TO 
 
 UELKIHT, FLEASR, CHARM. ||. To have 
 
 to do icitli, affei:t ; only in j pert. sing, 
 ov pi.: periinet, attiiiet, uit, 2- v. to 
 t^' ("•)• III. As verb refl., to interest 
 oneself, esp. on some one's bfhalf : expr. 
 by incunibo, dedo (me), stiideo, etc. (v. 
 Ti ) UK\()TE ON EsELK) : (,'icero « armty i.'d 
 himself in the cause of the Sicilians, 
 •C. toto pectore in causam Siculorum 
 incubuit; tntum se dedidit ad SIculos 
 tuendos vindlcandosque. 
 
 interest (subs.) .• |, Concern, ad- 
 vaiilnge: 1. Mnum : esp. In phr., 
 ciii bono (fuit), for whose i. ? Cass, in 
 Cic. K. Am. JO, 84 : v. good (subs.) 2. 
 rfitio, onis, /. ; esp. in pi. (one's reckon- 
 ings or calcidations) : (consider) what 
 your i.s demand, quid tuae r. postulent. 
 Sail. Cat. 44: nothing could be more to 
 his i., nihil esse suis r. utllius, Cic. Clu. 
 J5, 69. 3. utilitas (utility, expe- 
 
 diency) : to seek the advantage and i. 
 of ones subjects, eorum quibus praesis 
 commodis utilitatique servire, Cic. y. Fr. 
 
 1, 1, 8: oft. contrasted with honestas, 
 interest as opp. to honour, Cic. Part. 25, 
 89. 4. oft. expr. by dat. (cf. L. G. 
 } 288) : esp. after such verbs as consulo, 
 prospicio, provldeo: to have regard to 
 a persoti's i.s, the i.s of one's country, 
 consulere alicui, prospicere s. providere 
 patriae (the two latter pointing to the 
 future) : so, to neglect the i.s of one's 
 country, male patiiae consulere, Nep. 
 Epam. 10 : V. TO (xjNsnLT (III.), tro- 
 viDK FOR. 5. expr. it is my, thy, 
 etc., interest, by interest or refert, with 
 pron. adJJ. me^, tua, sua, nostra, vestra; 
 anil gen. of a subs., the latter rarely 
 with refert (L. G. $ 28j): it is greatly 
 to my i., magni mea interest; it is the 
 i. of all, omnium interest, etc. : Cic. 
 pass. : for refert, v. (rr) jiattebs. See also 
 ADVANTAGE. ||, Share : 1 h r. : you 
 have an i. in the matter, tua res agilur, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 18, 84: he has no pecuniary 
 i. in the concern, *iUi nullae in negotio 
 aguntur pecuniae, cf. Ter. Heaut. 2, J, 
 II!, quasi istic minor mea res agatur 
 quamtua: v. shake. |||. Attractive- 
 7iess ; esp. of books: Phr.: the book 
 possesses much i., *tenet legentem liber ; 
 multum delectationis babet; has no i., 
 *omnino frigidus atque (diosns est, le- 
 gentt'm taedio s. fastidio afflcil • v. 
 interesting ; uninteresting. |V. 
 Att-'ntion excited : \. studium: any 
 one's i. is kepi alive by reading, alicujus 
 in legendo s. tenetur. Cic. Fam. 5, 12: 
 to take an i. in anything, *studio ali- 
 cujus rei teneri. (Studniin denotes an 
 interest of a warm, eager character : v. 
 devotion, zeal.) 2. i* "ith ref. to 
 the future, exspectatio: ichal a lively 
 i. ynu excite in my mind about.,., 
 quantam tu mihi moves ex. ! Cic. Att. 
 
 2, 14, init. Also to take an i. in may 
 sometimes be expr. by trahi, duci, capi : 
 cf. Cic. Off. I, 6,18, omnes traJiimur et 
 duc.imur ad cognitionis et scientiae 
 cupiditatem: v. to attract, charm. 
 P h r. : twbody takes any i. in the matter, 
 sane iiuam relrixit, Cic. (j. F. 2, 6,adfn. : 
 so, frigere, to excite no i., fall flat, iU. 
 Att. I, 14, 2: they watch the spectacle 
 with intense i. and anxiety, erecti sus- 
 pensique in spectaculum aninio inten- 
 dunlur, Liv. i, 25, ad init.: eager i. in 
 study, erecia circa studia mens. Quint. 
 I. }, 10. V. In commerce : 1. fenus, 
 oris, n. (gen. terra) : to advance money 
 at a rate of i., pecunias fenori dare, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 2, "o, 170; in feiiore ponere, 
 Hor. S. I, 2, i;: to letid money to any 
 one at high i., pecuniain alicui grandi f. 
 occupare. Cic. Fl. 2i, 51. 2. usilra, 
 oft. /)/. ; to pay anywte 1'., usuram alicui 
 pendere, Cic. Att. ij, 20: to pay i., 
 usuras praestare, solvere, Paul. Uig. 22, 
 I, 17. -1 particular rate of interest is 
 expr. by pi., e. g. quincunces usurae, i.e. 
 5 per cent., Paul. I'ig. 1. c. (for other 
 
 7. E 
 
 rates, see Diet Ant. p. 526, b). g. 
 impendium (rare In this sense) • the 
 commons broken down by payment of C, 
 plebs debilltata impendiis, Cic. Kep. j, 
 J4: cf. Varr. L. L. 5, j6, i8j. usurft 
 quod in sorte accedebat iropendium ap- 
 pellatum. Phr.: one (=12, being paid 
 monthly) per cent., with compound i., 
 ceniesimae [usurae] cum anatocibmo, 
 Cic. Att. 5, 21, 8: same expr. in pure 
 Lat., cum renovatione singulorum, ib. 
 6, I, 4: numey lent on i., pecunia usa- 
 raria, Ulp. Dig. 16. 2, 1 1. 
 
 interested: |. 'taking an interest 
 in : erectus ; qui studio tenetur : v. 
 interest (IV.). Ij. Having a con- 
 cern vnth : Phr.: 1. pai ties, quorum 
 res agilur : v. interest (11.) 1||. 
 
 Insincere, actuated by sellish motives : 
 perh. anibltiOsus: V. fiHendships, a. [et 
 lucosaejaniieitiae, Cic. Att. i, 18. 
 
 interesting: jucundus (gen. term, 
 agreeable) : nothing could be more i. to 
 me, nihil hoc posse mihi esse Jucundios, 
 Cic. Att. 2, 9, I : a most i. vork, •liber 
 jucundisslmus [et qui legentem valde 
 tenet} So suavis : of. Qc. Att. 2, 8, 
 nulla epistola inanis aliqua re utili et 
 suan, i. e. something important and 
 interesting (but suavis is stronger than 
 Jucundus: cf. Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2, O suaves 
 epistolas tuas !). To be «., delectare : 
 the very variety is i. to me, ipsa varietas 
 [sermonum opinionumque] me delectat, 
 Cic. Att. 2, i;, init. : absol. to be either 
 instructive or i., aut prodesse aut deU 
 Hor. A. P. III. 
 
 interfere : 1. inteipono, pdsui, 
 
 itum, } (strictly, to put oneself between 
 parlies : with pron. refl. and dat., or 
 absol.) : do I i. with the Romans, num 
 ego me i. Romanis? Flor. }, 10, 11 : 
 why do you i., quid te Inlerponis ? Cic. 
 Div. Verr. 6, 2i. 2. Immisceo, ui, 
 
 xtum and stum, 2 (to mix oneself up 
 with : with ace. of pi on. lefl. and dat.) : 
 they had before i.d in the var with, 
 Fidenae, Fidenati bello se Jam antea 
 immiscuerant, Liv. 5, 8 : to i. with other 
 people's business, im. se negotiis alienis, 
 Ulp. Die. 1, S, li 10. 3. offgro, J, 
 irr. (same constr. -.^to offer one's aid) : 
 you I. with these against their nill. bis 
 invitissimis te offers, Cic. Div. Verr. 6, 
 21 : Ulp. Dig. I. c. 4. intercedo, ssi, 
 ssum, I (in order to prevent something ; 
 esp. of the tribunes : with <lat.) : the t>i- 
 bunes (he said) v ould nut i. with the 
 praetor, praetori non interredere tri- 
 bunos, quominus..., Liv. j8, 60: Cic: 
 also absol. : Cic. 5. intervfnio, 4 
 
 (with dat. or absol.: to take part, rightly 
 or wrongly): atfustheonlyiAlsofar. . ., 
 prirao eatenus intervenit, ne.... Suet. 
 Tib. 3? : v. PART (to take). 6. inter- 
 pel lo, i (so as to prevent OT hinder : with 
 ate, and usu. quin or quominus) ; ( aesar 
 never i.d xiith my iiitercourse .... C. 
 niinquam interpellavit, quin uterer..., 
 Matius in Cic. Fam. 11, 28. 2 : so, with 
 quominus. Brut, in Cic. Fam. 11, 10 
 (dummodo ne interpellent quominus 
 respublica a me commode possii admi- 
 nistrari) : to i. with any one in tlie exer- 
 cise of his right, int. aliquem in sue 
 jure, Caes. B. G. i, 44. med. 
 
 interference: intercessio (legal; as 
 
 of tribunes, etc. : v. TO intekekrk, 4) : 
 the tribunicial i. (or veto), iribunicia 1., 
 Caes. B.C. I, 7: Cic 
 
 interim (subs.) .- chiefly in phr.. in 
 or during the i., interim, dum haec 
 aguntur, parantur, etc.: v. meanwhile. 
 See also interval. 
 
 interior (adj.): 1. interior, us: 
 I. nations (living in the inleiioi). I. iia- 
 tiones, Cic. Man. 22. 64. .\cut. pi u>ed 
 absol. : the i. itarls if a kingdom, Inie- 
 riora regni. Liv. 42, jg, ivit. 2. 
 
 internus; v. internal. 
 
 interior (subs.): expr. by interior. 
 intenius: the i. of a house, pars interior 
 aeilium.Cic.Sexi.'lo, 24; domus Interior 
 Virg. Aen. I, 617: the i. of tiit u-mid, 
 interna (interiora, v. preced. art., muiid°, 
 Plin. 2. I, I, ^4 Sec also inland. 
 
 interjacent: interjticens, inteijec- 
 tus: v to lie between. 
 
 411
 
 IXTEKJECTION 
 
 I N T E R r U K T 
 
 IKTERRUPTEDLiY 
 
 interjection: interjectio, tjuint. i. 
 4. '9- 
 
 interlace: 1. impuco, impiecto. 
 
 etc. : V. TO ENTWiKE. 2. intcxo, ui, 
 xtum, ? (with ao:. and dat.) : to i. the 
 elm and fertile vine, laetis Int. viiibus 
 ulmos, Virg. G. 2, 221 . (veins and arte- 
 ries) i.d throughout the body, toto cor- 
 pore intextae, Oic. N. D. 2, 55, 158. 
 
 interlard: Phr.: to i. one's (dic- 
 tion) vith Greek iiords, Graeca verba 
 inculcare, Cic. Off. I, Ji, m : A* is for 
 ever i.ing his narrative with this word, 
 non (lesinit omnibus locis hoc verbiim 
 infukire, Sen. Kp. 114, 19: to i. one's 
 speech with foreign words, patriis inter- 
 miscere verba petita foris, Hor. S. 1, 
 10, 2')- 
 
 interleave: to i. a book, *paginis 
 libri alias paginas puras int^itexere (?). 
 
 interline : interscribo, psi. ptiim, ? 
 (to urite betneen the lines): Plin. Kp. 
 7, 9. 5 : also, superscribe, i (to vrite one 
 thing above another by way of correc- 
 tion): Suet Ner. 52, extr. 
 
 interlinear: interscriptus: v. prc- 
 ced art. 
 
 interlineation: expr. by part, of 
 interscribo, superscribe : many ei-asinr^ 
 and i.s, multa deleta et superscripta (in- 
 terscripta): Suet. Ner. 52, extr. 
 
 interlocutor: expr. by verb: tlie 
 i,s arc . . ., loquuntur, disserunt; dis- 
 seritur inter . . .; v. to discock-SE. 
 
 interloper: *qui se alienis negotiis 
 interponit: v. to interfere. 
 
 interlude: embSlium (app. of a 
 haJM-kind) : Cic. Sext. 54, 1 16. Comic 
 %., ex6dium, Liv. 7, 2, ad fin. 
 
 interlunar: intermnis, e: Amm. 
 19, 6. 
 
 intermarriage : connubium (in 
 legal sense, the right of i., as between 
 patricians and plebeians) .- of. Cic. Rep. 
 I, J7, connubia ut ne plebi et patribus 
 essent sanxerunt (they made sw:h i. il- 
 legal) : he brought forward a bill to 
 legalise the i. of the orders, do connubio 
 patrum et plebis rogationem promul- 
 gavit, Liv. 4, init. Phr.: families 
 connected by i., *matrimoniis inter se 
 conjuiictae familiae. 
 
 intermarry: 1. expr. by connu- 
 bium lion est (denoting the legal right) : 
 V. preced. art. 2. expr. by matri- 
 monium (actual marriage) : the fami- 
 lies had i.'d, *familiae matrimoniis inter 
 se conjunclae erant. 
 
 intermeddle : v. to interfere. 
 
 intermediate: medius: no i. state 
 betueen peace and war, inter bellum et 
 pacem medium nihil, Cic. Ph. 8, i, 4: 
 i. aits (neither good nor bad per se), m. 
 artes. Quint. 2, 20, 1 : so, an i. character, 
 m. ingenium, Tac. H. i, 49. 
 
 interment : sepultrua, bumatio : v. 
 
 BURIAL. 
 
 interminable: infimius: i. ques- 
 tions, i. (luaestiones, Cic. Ac. 2, j6, 117. 
 
 interminably: innnits: sine fine. 
 
 intermingle: misceo, inlermisceo, 
 imniisceo, 2 v. to mingle, blend. 
 
 intermission : 1. intermissio : 
 
 i. of labour at the bar, i. torensis operae, 
 Cic. Div. 2, 68, 142 : witliout any i., sine 
 uUa 1., Cic. N. D. i, 41, 114: Liv. 2. 
 expr. by intermitto, misi, ssuni, i : to 
 crow without i., sic assidue canere, ut 
 (aves) nihil intermittant, Cic. Div. i, ^4, 
 "74 : more precisely, nullo puncto tem- 
 poris inlermisso, Cic. N. D. i, 20, 52: 
 of labourers, ne noctumis quidem tem- 
 poribus ad laborcm intermissis, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 1 1 : to be marked by total i. (of 
 a fever), ex toto Intcrmiitere, Cels. j, 
 14. 3. rSmissio (partial i., of a 
 fever) : Cels. 2, 10, mcd. ; ib. j, }. 
 Phr.: (the fever) is subject to an i. of 
 one day, unum diem iutegrum praestat, 
 Cels. J, J : the pain has i.s, dolor dat in- 
 terval la, Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 9;. 
 
 intermit: intermitto, i: V. preced. 
 art. 
 
 intermittent: Phr.: an i. fever, 
 febris quae ex toto intermittit, Cels. ;, 
 3, init. ; febris genus quod circuitu quo- 
 dam redit, cf. Cels. 1. c : the chief species 
 of i. fevers are there given, e. g. quoti- 
 41S 
 
 diana, tertiana, quartana (quae altero, 
 tertio, quarto quoque die revertuntur). 
 
 intermittently : brevi tempore 
 
 [certo tempore] intermisso v. to in- 
 termit. (Sometimes identidem, ever 
 and anon; subinde, from time to time, 
 now and then, may serve.) 
 
 intermix : intermisceo, 2 : Col. ; 
 Virg. ; V. TO MIX. 
 
 intermixture : v. mixture. 
 internal: 1. inte.stinus (esp. in 
 
 fig. sense) an i. and domestic evil, i. 
 ac domesiicum malum, Cic. Verr. 2, I, 
 15, 39: Sail. 2. intemus (like pre- 
 ced.): Tac. See also interior. 3. 
 wiih ret', to political affairs ; dSmes- 
 ticus: by i. resources or fffreign aid, vel 
 d. opibiis vel externis auxiliis. Caes. 
 B. C. 2, 5 : i. foes, d. hosies, Cic. Vat. 
 10, 25. So sometimes expr. by donii : 
 peace abroad is foUoiced by i. discord, 
 paci externae continuatur discoidia 
 domi, Llv. 2, 54, init. Phr : the. i. 
 jMrts of the body, ea quae sunt intus in 
 corpore, Cic. Fin. J, 5, 18. 
 
 internally: 1. penitus. of. C!ic. 
 
 Cat. I, u, }i, inclusum penitns [peri- 
 culum] in venis atque in visceribus rei- 
 publicae : also, Cels. 5, 26, 7. 2. intus : 
 
 V. WITHIN. 
 
 international: Phr.: i. luc, jus 
 gentium (as generally understood, not 
 necessarily embodied in enactnieiits) : 
 Cic. Off. i, 5, 2J ; more precisely, *jura ac 
 leges quae inter nationes sancta sunt, de 
 quibus inter omnes nationes convenit. 
 
 internecine : internecivus (-nu&) : 
 Cic. Phil. 14, J, 7 (i. bellum): Just. 
 Phr.: i. wars, bella quae ad interne- 
 cionem gesta sunt, Nep. Kum. }. 
 
 internuncio: internuntins: Cic. 
 
 interpolate : 1. coixumpo, rupi, 
 ptum, J (to tamper with in any vay) : 
 
 V. TO FALSIFY, CORRUPT. 2. (0 il'lC- 
 
 p61o, I ; to cancel, alter, i. (a docu- 
 ment), aliquid demere, mutare, int., Cic. 
 Verr. 2, I. 6i, 1 58 (but perh. the sense is 
 rather to 2>atch up and blend together). 
 Phr. : many lines have been i.'d, multi 
 sunt versus spurii, insiticii : v. foil. art. 
 
 interpolation: expr. by insHicius: 
 some have looked upon these lines as an 
 i., quidam hos versus pro insiticiis ha- 
 buerunt, Orell. ad Hor. Od. 4, 4, 21. See 
 also SPURIOUS. 
 
 interpolator: corrupter: v. TO 
 
 FALSIFY. 
 
 interpose: I. To introduce be- 
 tween: 1. interpono, posui, itum, j 
 (not) to i. a single word, verbum uUum 
 int., Cic. Quint. 4, 15. 2. oppono, } 
 (esp. to present by nay of defence): v. 
 TO PRKSENT. II. To interfere : (me) 
 interpono ; intercede (by legal right) : 
 V. TO INTERFERE. |||. To Ihroio ill a 
 
 remark: Phr.: he i.s the remark, inter 
 alias res jacit. Sail. .Tug. 11, ad fin. : in 
 reporting dialogue, inquam, inquit, are 
 precise enough. 
 
 interposition: I. a placing be- 
 tween: 1. inlerposltio: Cic: Vitr. 
 
 2. expr. by interpono, j : v. to 
 place' between. II. Position be- 
 tween: 1. interpSsitus, iis (prob. 
 only in abl.) : by the i. of the earth (in 
 an eclipse), interpositu inteijectuque 
 terrae, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 104. 2. i»- 
 terjectus, us (like preced.) : v. supr. 
 
 3. expr. by interpono, interjicio: 
 by the i. of the earth, terra interposita 
 s. interjecta: v. to place between. 
 
 4. interventus: v. intebvektion. 
 Ill, Interference: interventus, us 
 
 (esp. in abl.) : Suet. Caes. 18 : Traj in 
 Plin. Ep. 10, 69 (68). Phr.: by the i. 
 of I'rovidence, Dei beneficio : cf. Cic. 
 Fam. II, 22, nobilissimum adolescentem 
 tuo beneficio esse salvum : v. favour, 
 kindness. See also interference. 
 
 interpret : 1. interpreter, I : to 
 i. portents, monstra int., Cic. l>iv. i, 6, 
 12: to i. the predictions of seers, vatum 
 praedicta int.. Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 30: esp 
 to put a certain interpretation or co»i- 
 struction upon : Cic. : Tac. 2. ex- 
 plico, explano : v. to explain. 3. 
 conjicio, jeci, ctum, > (esp. of dreams or 
 oracles) : to i. a dream, somnium c, PI. 
 
 Cure. 2, 2, J : he i.'d the oracle about 
 kissing his mother so shre dly.de matre 
 suavianda ex oracuio tam acute con- 
 jecit, Cic. Br 14, init. Phr.; i.ing in 
 a different manner the oracle of Apollo, 
 alio spectare ratus vocem Pyihicam, 
 Liv. I, 56, I'm. 
 interpretation : 1. interprgtatie : 
 
 the i. of the law, i. Juris, Cic. OH. i, 10, 
 } J ; of prodigies and dreams, ostentorum 
 et soiniiiurum, Plin. 7, 56, 57, J 20}. 
 (N.B. — including both the act and the 
 interpietatiiin itself.) 2. coiijectio 
 (only of di-eams, elc): Cic. Div. 2, 6j, 
 Jin.: in similar sense, conjrctura, ib. i, 
 56, init. 3. interprgtamenlum (the 
 i. itself): a somen hat obscure i., eb- 
 scurius i., Gell. 6, 2, 1'mif. : I'eir. I'hr. . 
 to put a bad i. upon anything, aliquid 
 male interpretari, Cic. N. D. J, J I, 77: 
 v. construction (IV.). 
 interpreter: I. In g''". sense: 
 1, interpres, etis. c. (sirictly, a 
 speaker on behalf of some one) : speech 
 the i. of the mind, ini. mentis oraiio, 
 Cir. Leg. I, 10, Jin. : an i. of portents, 
 [conjector et] ini. portentorum, id. Div. 
 2, 28, 62 : grammarians, the i.s of the 
 poets, grammalici, int. puetarum, ib. i, 
 18, J4. 2. conjector (of dreams, etc.) : 
 Cic. (V. supr.): Quint. ||. Specially, 
 one «7io interprets foreign language: 
 Interpres: the letter nas lead by an i., 
 literae per i. lecue sunt. Liv. 27,4?, med. 
 
 interpunction : v. punctuation. 
 interregnum: interregnum: Cic: 
 Liv. 
 interrogate: inierrogo, i: v. to 
 
 ASK, QUK.ST10N. 
 
 interrogation : note of i., signum 
 
 interrogationis (K. and A.) 
 
 interrof ative : interrogativus (only 
 asgram.t.t.): Prise i7,48(p. 1059): M.L. 
 Phr.: to pursue the i. method of teach- 
 ing, percunctando et iiitfriogando eli- 
 cere discipulorum epinienes, Cic. Kin. 2, 
 
 1, 2 (de eUncho Socratlco). 
 interrogatively : interrogative : 
 
 Ascon. in Verr. 2, I, 56. 
 interrogatory : v. interrogative ; 
 
 QUESTION. 
 
 interrupt: 1. interrumpo, rupi, 
 ruptum, } (to break off, cut short, in 
 whatever way) : a shower of missiles 
 i.'d the speech, niediam oralionem int. 
 tela immis&a, Caes. B. C. j, 19: PL: 
 rarely with personal object: had not the 
 arrival of the doctor i.'d us, ni medici 
 adventus nos inti rrupisset, Varr. R. R. 
 
 2, I, init. 2. dirinio, emi, emptum, 
 } (to terminate aWigether; whereas in- 
 teiTumpo may denote only a temporary 
 pause) : V. TO break off. 3. inler- 
 pello, I (strictly, to i. a speaker; whe- 
 ther vnth friendly intent or not) : / 
 won't i. you, nihil te interpellabo, Qcon- 
 tinentem orationem audire male], Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 8, 16 : in gen. sense, to i. any 
 one when engaged upon his profession, 
 aliquem intentum arti suae i.. Curt. 9, 
 4, ad fin. 4. interfari, i (= preced.: 
 rare) : when he began to speak he v asi'd 
 by ^'haeneas,0Tsum eum dicere, Phaeneas 
 interfatus . . . ait, Liv. J2, J4, init. 5. 
 obstrepo, ui, itum, j (with dat. : to bawl 
 at a speaker so as to cnuse him to de- 
 sist) : as ClOAuiius vjos i.'d (by the people), 
 quum Claudio obslreperetur, Liv. 4}, 
 16: Sail. Cat. ii, fin. Join: ob- 
 strepere [ingenti damore] et medios 
 sermones intercipere. Quint. 6, 4, 11. 
 
 6. oblOquor, cuius, j (by speaking 
 in opposition : with 'iat.) : Dwse who 
 had i.'d and contradicted him most de- 
 fiantly, qui ferocissirae oblocuti erant. 
 Curt. 10, 2, extr. Join: interpellare 
 et ebloqui, Cic Q. Fr. 2, 10, init. 7. 
 intervgnio, veni, ntum, 4 (to come in or 
 betueen while something is going on i 
 usu. with dat.) . cf. Cic. de Or. 2, i, 14, 
 nc molesti vobis interveuirenius, 1. e. 
 should intrude upon you: night i.'d the 
 engagement, nox proelio iiitervenlt, lAv. 
 2(, 18, med. Phr.: a plain i.'d by 
 hills, planities coUibus intermissa, Caes, 
 B. G. 7, 70. 
 
 interruptedly ; inteirupte : Cic de 
 Or. 2, 80, extr.
 
 INTERRUPTION 
 
 INTESTINE 
 
 INTO 
 
 interruption : I. '/''« a<^' '/ '«- 
 
 tet-ruptihy : 1. intprpcUalio (>trictly, 
 of a iprtch): Cic. de Or. 2, lo, mil. in 
 gen sense, to parsw. literary sttuiies 
 luilhoiit anil t'.. In lileris sine ulla int. 
 versa rl. Cic. Kum 6, \i,cxtr. 2. '"- 
 U^rfaiio (in sptech. by iome ime else put- 
 ting in a II Old: rare), aafe against i., 
 contra [viTba aiqnej intt-rlntiunes iir- 
 maiiis, CIc. Sexi. j6. 79. 3. '■'^P'" by 
 verb: without i., *nullo int- rpclLml ■ : 
 to oi'eiaive i., *..bsirc|ii-ntlbns aU|ne ser- 
 niones infrcipifn.lbiis nietTrm injiiere: 
 V. TO TNTi RitDi'T I* li r. to enjoy one- 
 self williiml i., se obleiiurr sine inter- 
 peilutoribus, Cic. de OIT }, 14, init.: 
 iinthoat i. (ivitlioat laiiiing off), nullo 
 t<>m|ioie nneruii.-sii (v. intkkmi.ssion) : 
 )'. 0/ coiresjiondeiice, inttriuisslo epistu- 
 larnm, Cic. F.i n. 7, i (. ||, The in- 
 lerruptiim ilsdf : inierpellalio, intiT- 
 liilio: v.supr. Pbr. : I am no i. to the 
 amusements of my slai-es, nor they to 
 my studies, nee ipse meurum lu.^ibns 
 nee illi stiidils nieis obstrepunt, I'lin. 
 Ep. 2, 17, 14 : a voice is a greater i. to me 
 (in study) than a mere 7ioise, niajjis milii 
 vox avucare videtur quam crepitus, Sen. 
 56, 4. (N.B.— Intel ruptio, very late and 
 rare.) 
 intersect: 1. sfico, ui, ctum, i .- 
 
 esp. with niedius in appos. with objict: 
 the Tiber i^ the country, niedius (11- 
 beris) agros s., Plin. 5, 6, 12 : I'lin. alt. : 
 Hor. 2. iniers6co, i : Anim. 29. ad 
 fin. (Tiberis media intersecans moenia). 
 I'hr. : this is i.'d by another line, per 
 bunc medium transversa currit alia 
 linea, i'lin. 18, J4, 77, init.: to draiv 
 tiro lines i.ivg each other obliquely, duas 
 lineas in decusses ducere obliquas, I'lin. 
 1. c. See also to divide. 
 
 intersection: dccussatio (jmint of 
 
 i. of two lines) : Vitr. i, 6, 7 (Or expr. 
 by verb : v. preced. art. Intorsectio in 
 »iulte different sense in Vitr.) 
 
 intersperse: 1. njisceo, 2: cf. 
 
 Hor. S. I, 10, 21, verbis Graeca Latinis 
 miscuit: or, intermisceo, ib. 1, 10, 29, 
 
 2. distinguo, xi, ciiiiu, } (to set off 
 or vary one thing by another): to i. 
 serious matters with i-elaxation, ^raviora 
 opera lusibus d., Plin. Ep. 8, 21, 2: cf. 
 Cic. Part. 4, 12, (res) varietate dis- 
 tinguere. P h r. : to i. the gay and the 
 severe, laeta tristibus intexere, Cic. I. c. 
 (Interspergo only in Apul.) 
 
 interspersed (part. adj.)-. immix- 
 
 tus: V. TO JiiNGLK. Interspersed here 
 and there, (?) rarus : v. few (3). 
 
 interstice : 1. commissura : the 
 i. betweeti tifo stones, c. lapidum. Sen. 
 N. y. 2, 6, 5 : cl. id. Ben. 7, 21, extr. : v. 
 JOINT. 2. iniervfiniuni (a minute 
 paj'sage or cairity) : cf. Vitr. 2, 6, i, 
 ignif per intervenia permanans efficit 
 levem earn t»rram : Pall. 3. foriimen, 
 Inis, n. : invisible i.s, invisibilia f., Cels. 
 pref. j»€(i. 4. rinia: v. chink. 
 
 intertwine: intertexo, ui. xtum, J 
 (with ace. and dot.) : Ov. See also to 
 
 KNTWINK. 
 
 interval: 1. interval Imn (of 
 
 space or time) : equal i.s. pai in i., Caes. : 
 to follow at v-ide is, magnis sequi i., 
 I'iv. I, 25, med. : after so long an i., 
 ex tamo i., Liv. ;, 58, mid. . n ithout any 
 i., nullu interjecto i., (.'ic. Fi r. 2, J4, 
 "4- 2. spatiuiii (e.sp. in connexion 
 with prep, inter: sp. interjectum, Cic. 
 in Kr.) beams placed at equal is, trabes 
 paribus Intermissae sp., Caes. B. G. 7, 
 2} : an i of jo doys, sp. x.xx. dierum. 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, ? /. 96 : after a brief i., 
 brevi sp. intermis>o, Caes. B. G. j, 75. 
 
 3. expr. by por<. inlerjectiis: vast 
 i.s (lietwein the hai itable prrlions) of 
 desert. va,stae soliiudines int., Cic. Rep. 
 6. 19 esp. ol time ; afln- an t. of a 
 feir days, panels int. dielnis. Liv i," ;8, 
 tnt7. ; ol a year, aiino int., Suet. Aug. 26 : 
 •o, spaili. imerpusit', Cic. Clu. 2, 5 Caes. 
 
 4. inteijecius, us (0/ timr : rar ) . 
 Tac. : Col. I' li r. : to aJlmv an i., sjia- 
 tium inltrponere, Caes. B. C. ?, 7;: 
 theie had been an t. of 10 years bttwem 
 
 decem anni interfliixissc-nt Inier 
 
 : . . ^ Cic Sen. 6, 16 • inierfueraiit, ib. 
 
 17, 60. in the t., interim, Ter. ; Cic. 
 (v. MK.iNnim,K) at i.s (of time), 
 subinde, C"l. 6, jo; Suei. ; at fnauent 
 i s, ideiitidem (v. KEeKATEOLY) ■ inlucid 
 i.s. *per remissioues luroris: v. inter- 
 mission. 
 
 intervene: I. To be betiveen : in- 
 lerjaieu. 2: J..iv. P. in. ||. To come 
 brtween two points tf time : 1, inter- 
 cedo, ssi, hsiini, } : a few days i.d, iiiter- 
 cessere pauci dies, Liv. 2, 64, nud. : Cic. 
 2. iiiierfiuo, .\i, xuiii, } {to elapse 
 between) Cic. Sen. 6, 16. 3. inter- 
 >uni, 1(7-.: Cic. Sen. 17, <x>. |||, 'Jo 
 hafipen so as to pi event : intervjnio, 
 veiii, ntum, { (wiib dot.): had not night 
 i.d and lerminu'.ed the engagement, ni 
 nox proelio iniervenia-set, Liv. 2?, 18, 
 med. See also to haI'I'EN. |V. 'Jo 
 take part in: inierpono (with pron. 
 reJL), eic. : v. 10 iNTEltKKRB. 
 
 intervening : medius : v. inteb- 
 
 MKDIATR. 
 
 in'ervention : intcrventus, tis 
 
 (chiefly in abl.) (the sun is hidden) by 
 the i. of the moon, interventu lunae, 
 Plin. 2, 10, 7 : for tig. sense, v. inter- 
 ference, INTi:ltPOSITION. 
 
 interview : 1. colloquium : v. 
 
 CONFERENCK. AIso colloiutio, denoting 
 the conversation at an interview rather 
 than the. interview itsrlj : Cic. Ph. 11,2, 
 5. 2. congressus, us: if I have an i. 
 ■unth Caesar, si quis c mihi fuerit cum 
 Caesare, Cic. Att. 11, 12, med. . to come 
 to an i. and confereni:e uith any one, in 
 alicujus c. tolloquiumque venire, Cic. 
 I'h. 12, II, init. : tliat he had nightly i.s, 
 tilth tlie goddess, sibi cum dea nocturnos 
 c. esse, Liv. i, 19, med. Phr.: not to 
 alloii) is to those nho ask, aditum peten- 
 tilius conveniendi non dare, Nep. I'aus. 
 5 : to admit to an i., admitiere, Cic. Att. 
 I}, 52: Suet.: to have an i. uith any 
 one, congiedi 1 um aliquo, Cic. Att. 2, 24, 
 init. ; sermonem cum aliquo habere (v. 
 
 CONVERSATION). 
 
 interweave : 1. intertexo, ui, 
 xtuni, J : a cloak interwoven with gold, 
 chlamys auro intertexta, Virg. : yuiiit. 
 
 2. intexo, J : she interwove purple. 
 letters with the white threads, purpure:is 
 notas nils intextiit,Ov. Fig.: the veins 
 are interwoven with tin whole body, 
 venae toto corpore intt-xtae (sunt), Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 55, I J8: to i. the gay with the 
 severe, laeta tristibus i.Cic. Part. 4, 12. 
 
 3. iibpUco, implecto : v. to en- 
 twine. 
 
 intestacy : v. foil. art. 
 
 intestate : mtestalus : to die i., int. 
 mori, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, 5J: TraJ. in 
 I'lin. Ep. Also in adv. tonii, inti stato 
 (nioii), Cic. de Or. i, jg. 177; ab iiites- 
 tato(h' redeinesse), Ulp. IMg. }7, 7, i,} 8. 
 
 intestinal: ad intestina pertinens: 
 V. inte.>tine (subz). 
 
 intestine (adj.) -. intestjnus : i. vais, 
 i. bellu. Sail. Cat. 5. Join: intestinus 
 ac domesticus: v. internal. 
 
 intestine (^ubs ) : |. In special 
 sense; a gut, bonel: 1. inteslinum 
 usu. in pi. : by the contraetimi and ex- 
 pansion of the i.s, udsiringentil>us si- 
 int., turn relaxintibus. tSc. N. I). 2, 5;, 
 I J8: Cels. 2, intiSriineum (less, fri'q.) ; 
 I'lin. J2, 9, JJ more Ireq. pi.. Col.: 
 Plin. 3. interna, orum (only ///.): 
 V''B- 4. ilia, ium, pi. (the Jlank. 
 
 loins ; hence, the U>' er i.s, esp. of certain 
 animals, con-'uteied a driiiacy): the i.s 
 of a turbot, rlionibi i., Hor. S. 2, 8, jo: 
 Mart. 5. lactis, is, f., very rare in 
 sing.; the smaller i.s. in man or a 
 sheip ; the same • rguns were in otli r 
 ■ininials Culled hillae. arum, i'lin. 11 57, 
 79, } ?co II. In wider sense, the in- 
 ternal parts generally : 1. exu, onim 
 (the Ufiper organs; hi art, lungs, liver, 
 eic): Cic. Iiiv. 2, 12, 28, sqq. 2. 
 viscCra, um (including We vlu/le of the 
 vituls, np/ier orui lo ei): ct. I'lin. 11, 
 !7, 77, where it is stjited that the exta 
 are separated /rcmi the Inn er part of the 
 viscera by the iliiipliragm : hut Cel.s. 
 does not include tre intestines In the 
 viscera, cl. 4, 11. init., a \isceribus ad 
 intestina veniendum est, (Kxta seems 
 
 to have been a priestly tcnu for what 
 I were ill other relations called viscera.) 
 , inthrall : v. to kksi.ax k. 
 I intimacy : 1. eonsueludo, Inig, 
 I/, (habitual intercourse): touoimone- 
 ' self into i. uith any une, in alicujus c 
 iiisinuarc (se). Cic. l-ani. 4, i j. j : v. in- 
 tercolilse. Mure fully, consuetudo et 
 faniiliaiituB, Cic. Ijuiiit. }. 12. 2. 
 faiiiiliariUiB (that state which re.fulti 
 from c<)ii.>uciudu, intimate fiinuUhip: 
 cf. Cic. iJeiot. 14, J9, lanuiidrlialem con- 
 suetudo attulit): tlie i.s of wise men, 
 sapieiitium laniiliarltates (opp. to cowi- 
 vum friendships, vulgares amiciilae), 
 Cic. Am. 21, i7ii«. 3. nficessiludo, 
 Inis, f. ( very close connexion) : Join: 
 Bummanecessitudoetsuniniaonjuncllo, 
 Cic. Fam. ij, 27. Ph r. to be on terms 
 of i. with auy one, aliquo tuniiliuriter 
 uti, cum aliquo f. viveie, Cic. : v. in- 
 timatelv. 
 
 intimate: 1. famlliaris, e(/rirtui- 
 ly: wiih dal.) Cic. Am. 11, J9 : i. 
 friends, I", ainicl, Plin. Ep. 9, J4, 1 : to 
 engage in i. conversation, f. coiiferre 
 serniones, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 59. \ery i., 
 {)erlaniiliaris, Cic. y. Fr. i, ij. fm. (alao 
 familiarissiinus, Cic. Sull. 2-3, 57). 2. 
 intimus (mne/-»»o4{ ; stronger ihan pre- 
 ced.) : to gain a person's i. friendship, 
 alicujus in i. amii iliam [KTveiiire, Nep. 
 Ale. 5: very i. friendship, i. familiaritas, 
 id. Att. 12. Freq. as subs. — a very i. 
 frieiul (" bosom friend "), Cic. Cat. 2, 
 5, 9. Join: [ex uieis] intimis atque 
 faniiliarissiniis, Cic. Fam. ij, 27. 3. 
 conjunctus (connected: in present sense', 
 esp. in comp. and superl.) : that we may 
 be moie i. with each other than lierelo- 
 fore, ut inter nos conjunctiores siniua 
 quam adhuc fuinius, Cic. Att. 14, i j, B. 
 Phr.: to become very i. with any ime, 
 in alicujus con.suetudineni penitus im- 
 mergcre, Cic. Clu. ij, j6 (v. intimacy): 
 to have an i. knowledge ql any subject, 
 aliquam rem penitus perspeclam cogni- 
 tanique habere, cf. Cic. de Or. i, 2), 108 . 
 v. profound; and cf. foil. art. (.N.B.— 
 Not intimus in exactly this sense.) 
 
 intimate ('■•) : 1. signifTco, i 
 
 (strictly, to show by signs : hence, in 
 any way) : some i. by a noil u hat they 
 wish, pars nutu s. quid velit, Ov. .M. }, 
 64; Cae.*. : V. TO INDICATE. 2. dijnun- 
 lio, I (to give notice to) : the deity may 
 Seem to have i.d to us that .... a deo de- 
 Quntiatum videatur, Cic. Tusc. i, 49, 1 18. 
 intimately: 1. famillarier (as 
 ajritiid): v. FAMILIARLY. Fig.: to be 
 i. acquainted with a case, causam f. 
 iiosse, Quint. 6, 4, 8. 2. intinie (most 
 intimately) : to be very i. acquainted 
 with any one, aliquo i. uti, Nep. Att. 
 5 Cic. 3. conjuncte (in close con- 
 nexion) : to liieso i. \irith any one, cum 
 aliquo adeo c. vivere. Nep. Att 10; 
 Cic. 4. pfiiiitus (thoroughly, deeply) : 
 to make imeself i. acquainted " ith any- 
 thing, aliquid p. peinoscere, Cic. de Or. 
 
 i, 5, 17 : V. TIIOROUCHLY. 
 
 intimation: 1. signlficatio(in- 
 (Hcatiim; ei.yi. by signs): i t>eing given 
 by f res, s. ignibus facta, Caes. B G . 2, J j : 
 Cic. 2. deiiuiitiatio(nioredeHnitethan 
 pieced., by uords) : cl. Cic. I»iv. 2, 2?, 54, 
 sipiiiticatio et quasi denuntiatio calami- 
 tatuni. 3. i\f.r\\im(sign.s;rmiitom): 
 physicians deiive i.s from the pulse, nie- 
 dicis. quaedani habent ex venls,Cic. Div. 
 2, 70, I4S : Virg. J\i fu)-nifh Ls, signi- 
 ficare, denuntiare: v. to intimatk. 
 
 intimidate : 1. expr by m^tus, 
 
 tTmor. and a virb . e. g. alicni metnm In- 
 jicere, Caes. B. G 4, 19; .itli-rie.Cic. \'err. 
 2, 2, 54, I ?5 ; inierre, Liv. 26, 20, med. ; 
 etc.: v. TO iNSPiRK (II.). 2. terroo, 
 deterreo, 2 ■ v. to terrify : v. fnll. art. 
 intimidation : 1. lerrUiila. orum 
 (means o' terrifying: rare) to injiu- 
 ence by threats or i.s, minis, erriciilis 
 movere, Liv. J4. ii. 2. mlnae. arum 
 (threats, mmaces'^ : Juiii- minis t vl 
 ac metu, Cic. de Or. i. 58. 247. I'hr.: 
 to resirrt to menaces and i., nilnas jac- 
 tare, pericula inteiidere, fomildines op» 
 ponere, Cic. (Juint. 14, 47. 
 
 into: '" ^'ii" "cc. : jiassxm. 
 419
 
 INTOLERABLE 
 
 INTRODUCE 
 
 INTUITION 
 
 intolerable: 1. intoigrabiiis, e: 
 Cic. 2. intolgraniius : Cic. : Liv. : 
 Tac. 3. impatibilis, e (rare) : i. suf- 
 ferings, imp. cruciatus, Plin. 25, 5, 24 : 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 17, extr. (q. v.). 4. >nt<5- 
 lerans, ntis (late and rare) • Flor._ Gell. 
 
 intolerably : 1. intoigiabiiiter 
 
 (very rare) : Col. 2. intOlgranter : 
 cf. Cic. Tusc. 2, 9, extr., int. dolere ; de 
 Or. 2, 52, init, intoleranlius se jactare : 
 but the sense appears to be, without 
 controlling oneself, rather than intole- 
 rably. 3, usu. better expr. by tole- 
 rari, ferri noii posse : an i. painful dis- 
 ease, *morbus cujus dolores majores 
 sunt quam ut tolerari possint : v. to 
 
 ENDTTBE. 
 
 intolerance : nearest word, intole- 
 rantia (overbearing, violent conduct) : 
 Join: superbia et int., Cic. Clu. ^o,fin. 
 
 intolerant: inteierans, mis {that 
 cannot brook) : I'ac. H. 4, 80. P h r. : 
 he was i. in matters of opinion, *opini- 
 ones a suis discrepantes aegre patie- 
 batur. 
 
 intonation: nearest word, accentus, 
 us {tone, pilch) : v. ForcelL s. v. 
 
 intone : P h r. : to i. prayers, *pre- 
 ces canere; cantu quodam praeire. 
 
 intoxicate : ebrium facio s. reddo : 
 
 V. DMNK. 
 
 intoxicating (<My) : ^'br.-. to ab- 
 stain from i. drinks, *omni potus ge- 
 nera abstinere, quod temulentiam facit, 
 cf. Plin. 14, 2, 4, ^ ?i : those who do so, 
 sicci (facete). Hor. Od. i, 18, j. 
 
 intoxication: ebrieias: v. DBimK- 
 ENNEss. In a state of i., ebrius, temu- 
 lentus, vino madens : v. drunk. 
 
 intractable: 1. intractabiiis, e 
 (unmanageable) : Join: [natura] intr. 
 et morosus, Gell. 18, T, dura et iiitr. 
 [aetas]. Sen. Ep. 25, i. 2. dfirus 
 (hard, unyielding) : v. supr. 3. >n- 
 docilis, e: V. indocile. 4. inobsg- 
 quens, ntis: because the subject-matter 
 of the art is i., quia id in quo exercetur 
 [ars], arti inobsequens est. Sen. N. Q. 1, 
 pret. extr. 
 
 intractableness : natura intracta- 
 biiis: V. preced. art. 
 
 intransitive: intransUivus : Prise. 
 
 intransitively: intranslave: Prise 
 
 intrench: I. To fortify with 
 
 ditch and parapet : 1. expr. by val- 
 lum, fossa, and a verb: e. g. vallo et 
 fossa munire, Caes. B. G. 2, ;, extr.; 
 vallo circummuuire. ib. jo ; sepire, 
 Liv. 6, 2, med. (cingere, circumdare, 
 with hostile intent, for siege). 2. 
 vallo, I : Tac. H. 2, 19. ||. Fig.: to 
 invade, infringe .- imminuo, infringo : 
 
 v. TO INFRINGE. TRESP.VSS UPON. 
 
 intrenched (pai-t. adj.)-. vailatus: 
 an e. camp, castra v., Hirt. B. Alex. 27, 
 med. 
 
 intrenclunent: 1. vallum (ram- 
 part with palisades) : to surround a 
 town with i.s (for a siege), oppidum 
 cingere vallo et fossa, Cic. Att. 5, 20, 
 med.; circumdare, id. Fam. 15, 4, med. 
 2. muniraentum, muiiitio (any 
 fortifications) .- to keep rcithin one's i.s, 
 tenere se munimetitis, Tac A. 15, 36; 
 so, defendere se muiiimentis, id. H. 5, 
 20: the work of i., niunitionis opus, 
 Caes. B. G. I, 8: to cai-ry i.s round a 
 city, munitiones circumdare. Just. 4, 4. 
 P h r. : no one (twir) forms a camp 
 with a regular i., nemo ductis fossis 
 praefixisque sudibus castra constituit, 
 Veg. Mil. I, 21. 
 
 intrepid: intrfpTdus, impavidus, 
 confidens, etc.: v. fearless. 
 
 intrepidity: fortltudo, animus in- 
 trepidus: v. bravert. 
 
 intrepidly : intrfipide : v. fear- 
 lessly. 
 
 intricacy : 1. contortio : t.s of 
 language, contortiones orationls, Cic. 
 Fat. 8, extr. : Aug. 2. expr. by im- 
 plicatus, coiitortus, tortuosus : there was 
 no i.. nil implicatum aut tortuosum fuit, 
 Cic. Fin. J, I, j: cf. foil. art. 
 
 intricate : 1. contortus : to study 
 
 i. matters, res c. perdiscere, Cic. de Or. 
 
 I, 58, fin. Dimin. contortulus (petty 
 
 as uell as puzzling), Cic. T".sc. 2, 18, 42 
 
 4?0 
 
 (contortulae ac minutae conclusiun- 
 culae). 2. implicatus: v. preced. 
 art. fin. 3, tortuosus (lit. winding, 
 as the intestines, alvus multiplex et t., 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 54, fin. : also fig.) : an i. 
 kind of reasoning, t. genus disputandi, 
 Cic. Ac. 2, ii, init. Join: tortuosis- 
 simus et implicatissimus, Aug. 4, 
 perplexus (entangled ; hence, in fig. 
 sensel : an i. (icinding) journey, p. iter, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, J91 ; an i. system, ratio 
 p., Plin. 2, 15, I J. 5. inextricabilis, 
 e (hard to thread) : i. niaze (of the La- 
 byrinth), in. error, Virg. Aen. 6, 27 (in 
 same sense, itinerum ambages occur- 
 susque ac recursus inexplicabiles, Plin. 
 }(>, ij, 19, 5 85). 6. inipgditus (pre- 
 senting mani/ obstacles) : v. difficult. 
 
 intricately : 1. contorte : Cic. 2. 
 perplexe : Prud. 
 
 intrigue (subs.) : |, An underhand 
 scheme : 1, clandestinum consilium 
 (or consilium alone where the nature of 
 the scheme is implied in the context) : 
 to assail any one by i.s, cl. consiliis ali- 
 quem oppugnare, Crass, in Cic. Or. 66, 
 22J : cf. Cic. Sen. 12, 40, cum hostibus 
 clandestina coUoquia : v. scheme. 2. 
 artif icia, orum : cf. Caes. in Cic. Att. 9, 
 7, A, quorum artificiis effectum est, ut 
 respublica in hunc statuni perveniret. 
 P h r. : to seek to gain one's ends by i., 
 dolis atque fallaciis contendere. Sail. Cat. 
 II ; so, furtim et mails arti bus niti, cf. 
 id. Jug. 4 : by the i.s (dishonest, mali- 
 cious aiiifice) of a few, calumnia pau- 
 corum. Sail. Cat. jo. ||, An ammir: 
 stupri consuetudo. Sail. Cat. 2} in pi., 
 amores, adulteria, Cic. Coel. 15, jj. 
 
 intrigue (»•)■ fallaciis, dolis, fraude 
 contendo, nitor : v. preced. art. 
 
 intriguer: artlficiorum, tallaciarum, 
 etc., peritus ; qui consilia clandestina 
 concoquit, consiliis clandestinis oppugiiat 
 (aliquem) : v. intbigce. 
 
 intrinsic: perh. verus V. REAL. 
 Phr. : it has no i. woiih, ♦res ipsa per 
 se nullius pretii est. 
 
 intrinsically: perh. vere : v. really. 
 Cf. preced. art. 
 
 introduce: I. '"'' bi-i^ig into a 
 
 place ; esp. into some one's presenre : 
 1. introdiico, xi, ctum, } -. he i.s the 
 soldiers by night, noctu niilites intro- 
 ducit. Sail. Jug 12 : to be i.d into the 
 king's presence, ad regem introduci, 
 Curt. 6, 7, med. : CMc. 2. induce, j : 
 to i. into the presence of the tenate, iiid. 
 in Senatum, Plin. Ep. 2, 12, init. ||. 
 To introduce a characier in a dialogue, 
 etc. : 1, indaco, j : / hare i.d them 
 as speaking in peison, quasi ipsos in- 
 duxi loquenles, Cic. Am. l, }: id. Tusc. 
 2, II, 27. 2. lingo, nxl, ctum, j (to 
 represent) : cf. QuinL 9, 2, J2, sermo 
 fingi non pi)test, ut non personae sermo 
 fingatur, "conversation cannot be i.d, 
 uithout a speaker being i.d too : " v. to 
 REPRESENT. Phr. : to i. as speaker in 
 a dialogue, in dialogum includere, Cic. 
 All. II, 19, ?. III. To bring in a 
 
 custom or practice : 1, indiico, j : to 
 i. a custom, aliquid in [nostros] mores 
 ind., Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 121 : to i. a new 
 word, novum verbum ind., Cic. Ph. 1 j, 
 19. 4J- 2. introduco, } : from this 
 sort of a beginning the custom kos i.d, 
 ex hujuscemorti principio consuetudo 
 introducta est, Cic. Verr. }, 82, 189: to 
 i. a precedent, exemplum int., Liv. (Kr.). 
 3. instituo, i, utuni, } (with ref. to 
 general observances or customs) : (A7xc- 
 Silas) i.d the custom that..., instituit 
 ut. . ., Cic. Fin. 2, l, 2 : with ellipsis of 
 ut. Suet. Caes. 41, extr., instituit. . .quo- 
 tannis subsortitio fieret, " lie i.d the 
 practice," etc. : v. TO in.stitl'te. 4. 
 
 invgho, xi, ctum, } (lit. and fig. to ivi- 
 port : with direct ate): to 1. many 
 (new) arts, multas artes inv., Liv. jg, 8, 
 ad init. Phr.: to i. many changes, 
 multa mutare, novare (v. to change, 
 inno\ate) : ivords i.d from abroad, 
 verba foris petiia, Hor. S. i, 10, 29 : to 
 i. neir words, nova verba adsciscere, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 119 (V. to adoi"t): to i. 
 many innovations, multa nova afferre, 
 Nep. (R. and A.). |V. 'I'o "*«'''« 
 
 known one person to another : \, 
 introdiico, j (usu. of admission to the 
 presence of the great): cf. Cic. Att. i, 
 16, 2, introductiunes adolescentnlorum 
 nobilium. 2. conimendo, i (e.«p. by 
 letter): Caes. in Cic. Fam. 7, ;, med.: 
 Hor. : V. TO recommend. 3. trado, 
 idi, Itum, J: Hor. S. i, 9, 47. Join: 
 laudare et tradere, Hor. Ep. i, 9, j. 
 (Cf. Cic. Fam. 7, j, fin., lotum hominem 
 tibi trado de manu, utaiunt, in manum.) 
 introducer : if 0/ new tilings, nova- 
 tor: Gell. (More treq. expr. by verb: 
 
 V. TO INTRODUCE.) 
 
 introduction: I. Theact of bring- 
 ing in : 1, inductio (in most senses) : 
 i. of young men (into a circus), i. juve- 
 num, Liv. 44, 9 ; of characters, perso- 
 narum [fictaj i., Cic. de Or. j, 5}, 205. 
 
 2. expr. by verb : to fear the i. of 
 a precedent, vereri, ne exemplum intro- 
 ducatur : v. to introduce. jj. An i. 
 to a person: introductio: Cic. Att. i, 
 16, 2 (in bad sense). Phr.: to give a 
 person an i. to any one, commendare 
 aliquem alicui, Caes. in Cic. Fam. 7, 
 5, med. (v. TO introduce, IV.) : a person 
 whom it is not easy to get an i. to, ad 
 quera aditus difflciliores sunt, cf. Cic. 
 Fam. 6, 13, med.: a letter of i., lilerae 
 commendaticiae, Cic. Fam. 5. 5, inil. 
 
 III. Preliminary portion of a ."speech 
 or work : 1. prooemlum (strictly to 
 a poem ; but also of a treatise) : Cic. : 
 Col. : Plin. : v. exordium. 2. exor- 
 dium (esp. of a speech) : a meagre, com- 
 ■moii-pkicc i., ex. exile, vulgare atque 
 commune, Cic. de Or. 2, 77, extr. : Plin. 
 
 3. principiura : Quint. : v. begin- 
 ning. 4. praefatio (a ftrrmal pre- 
 amble) : v. preface. 5. intr6Uus, 
 lis (prelude ; also in gen. sense : rare) : 
 cf. Cic. Att I, 18, ?, primus introitus in 
 causam Clodianae fabulae : this i. to my 
 defence, hie i. defensionis, Cic. Coel. 2, 
 init. : Plin. 6. prOlCgOmSna, on, n. (o 
 learned introduction not class.): Wolf: 
 Griesb. (N.B. — Aditus, aggressio, in Cic. 
 Or. 15, fin., are purely metaphorical.) 
 Phr.: to make a brief i., paiica prae- 
 fari (v. to premise) : in delivering tfie 
 i. of a speech, in exordienda oratione, 
 Cic. de Or. 1 , 26, 1 19. 
 
 introductory : expr. by exordium, 
 prooeniium ; praelari : v. preced. art. 
 
 introspection : Phr.: to be giren 
 to i., *lpsum se suosque animi motus 
 diligenlius inspicere. 
 
 intrude: I. Trans.: usiL foil, 
 by pi-on. refl. : \, incuico, f (with 
 pron. refl. and dat.): they i. themselves 
 upon tts (lit. on our ears), se inculcant 
 auribus nostris, Cic.de Or. 2, 5, 19. 2. 
 inggro, ssi, stum, j (same consir.) : in 
 PUn. Pan. 86. used absol., non ex inge- 
 rentibus (sc. se) sed ex subtrahentibus, 
 not from those uhoi.d themselves (pushed 
 themselves forward), but from tite re- 
 tiring [constr. not to be followed] 3. 
 intrudo, si, sum, j (once only): Join: 
 inferre se et intrudere [al. Intro dare], 
 Cic. Caec. 5, i?: v. Long. a. 1. (But 
 infero Ciinnot be used alone in this 
 sense.) ||. I n t r a n s. : expr. by 
 
 molestus, molestias exhibere, etc. : cf. 
 Cic. Sen. 2, fin., nisi molestum est, 
 " unless it would be intruding too 
 mudt : " not to i. too much upon your 
 patience, *ne molestus fiam ; ne auri- 
 bus vestris me mculcando molestias ex- 
 hibere videar. 
 
 intruder : qui s^ inculrat, ingerit ; 
 molestus homo : v. preced. art. 
 
 intrusion : expr. by verb : v. to 
 intrude. 
 
 intrusive : qu' se infert atque in- 
 triulit : V. to inthudr. 
 
 intrusively : Odlose (in an offensive 
 way. cf. Cic. de Or. 2. 65, 262, odiose 
 interpellare), mSleste (if. Curt. }, 6, 
 med., so as to gire trouble or voi-rv) : v. 
 OFFENSrvELT. More fully, *se inferendc 
 atque imrudendo, sc. ingerentium more : 
 
 V. TO rNTRUDE. 
 
 intrust : v. entrust. 
 
 intuition : I. As phil. 1. 1. : *in 
 tulius, us (esp. in abl.), intulito (both 
 as faculty and object), cognitio intuitiva
 
 INTUITIVE 
 
 INVENT 
 
 INVESTIGATE 
 
 not class., but needed for precision in 
 Bcientiflc language : v. Hamilton's Keid, 
 p. 759. (Nearest word in cl.iss. I^at., 
 perceptlo : v. i-ekception.) ||. When 
 intuitimn denotes an innate conception, 
 anttcipatio may be used : cf. Cic. N. D. 
 i, 16, 4f, anticlpatio qiiaedam Deorum. 
 P h r. : tliitij believe woman to possess a 
 kind of supernatural i., Inesse (feininis) 
 sanctum aliquid et proviilum putant, 
 Tac. G. 8 : to have an t. of the external 
 world, aninio ea quae sunt extra per- 
 cipere atque coniprehendere, Cic. N. D. 
 
 intuitive : intuliivus (only as phli. 
 *.«.): V. Hamilton's Reid, p. -Jig. Phr.: 
 to liave an i. discciiiment of what is 
 right, 'quod decet nullis argimienlis sed 
 mentis propria vi ac nalura cemere; 
 celeri quodiiui anlnii motu intelligere. 
 With ret. to tlie future, providus v. 
 preced. art. eodr. 
 
 intuitively: c'e" quodam animi 
 motu ; mentis propria vi ac natura : v. 
 preced. art. Somi-times celeriter: cf. 
 Nep. Them, i, celeriier, quae opus erant, 
 reperiebat. 
 
 intwine : v. entwine. 
 
 inundate : inundo, 1 : Cic : Liv. : 
 
 V. TO DF.I.UOK. 
 
 inundation: inundatio, diluvium: 
 V. DEi.noE. FUX)D. Phr.: serious i.s, 
 magnae aquae, Liv. 24, 9 ; ingentes 
 aquae, ib. j8, l8. 
 
 inure : 1. duro, t (to harden) : to 
 become i.d to blous. ad plagas dnrari. 
 Quint. I, ?, 14: i.d against all hard- 
 ships, adversus omnia mala duratus, Liv. 
 2j, 19, vied. : cf. Caes. B. G. 6, 28. hoc se 
 labore durant adolescentes, they i. or 
 harden themselves. 2. induro, i (like 
 preced.): Sen. 3. assuefacio, j ; with 
 correl. intrans. assuesto, f (to become 
 i.d) : V. TO Accrsrojt. P h r. : to i. mie- 
 self to hardships, labori ac duritiae stu- 
 dere, Caes. B. G. 6, 21 : i.d to striie 
 from his youth, jam ab juventa certa- 
 minibus imbutus, Liv. 5, 2, extr. 
 
 inured : duratus, assuetus (labori ac 
 duritiae) : v. preced. art. 
 
 inurn : in umam condo, j : Suet. 
 Cat. 15. 
 
 inutility : iniitilitas (more freq. in 
 etronger sense, injuriousness) : Lucr. 5, 
 127?. 
 
 invade : 1. invad<>, si, sum, j (with 
 
 in and ace.) : Antony has i.d Gaul, Dola- 
 
 ttella Asia, in Galliam Invasit Antonius, 
 
 in Asiam Dolabella, Cic. Pli. 11, 2, 4. 
 
 (NJ.— Not in this sense with direct ace. : 
 
 T. TO ATTACK.) 2. belliim infiro, J, in". 
 
 (with dat.) : Xerxes hanng i.d Europe, 
 
 quum Xer.\es bellum Inferret Europae, 
 
 Nep. Them. 2: to i. Hcythia, Scytbis 
 
 bellum inf., id. Milt, j : Just. : v. war. 
 
 3. incurro, j (to Tnake a smiden 
 
 incursion): v. inroad. Phr.: he i.d 
 
 the territory of the Okades. in Olcadum 
 
 fines exercitum induxit, Liv. 21. 5 : 
 
 to i. Africa (by crossing the sea), in 
 
 Africam transmittere, Liv. 21, 17 : after 
 
 this he i.d India, post haec Indiam petit, 
 
 Just 12, 7: sometimes proficlscor is 
 
 used in this sense: to t. Britain, in Bri- 
 
 tanniam proficisci, Caes. B. G. 4, 20. 
 
 invader: expr. by hostis : V. ENEMY 
 
 invalid (clj) ■• i- e. of no force : 
 
 1. ii ritus \uithout force, not good 
 
 in law) • V. void. 2. iiifirmus {weak, 
 
 ■not to be dei^endeil on) : Join: [res] 
 
 infirma et nugatoria ad probandum, Cic. 
 
 Caec. 2}, 64. 3. vitlosus (faulty, 
 
 unsound): i. arguments, v. argunienta- 
 
 tiones, Auct. Her. 2, 22, init. 4. 
 
 niigatorius (having no point or force) : 
 
 Auct. Her. I. c. : Cic. (supr.). Phr.: 
 
 that argutnetit is altogether i., nullum 
 
 vero id quidcm argumentum est, Cic. 
 
 Tu-c. 2, ?, init. 
 
 invalid (subs-) •■ I. One who is 
 unnell: 1. valetiidinarius : Sen. Ben. 
 I, II, /in. 2. expr. by aeger. aegro- 
 tus, etc. : v. ILL (adj). V h r. : to be a 
 confii'med i., tenui aut potius nulla vale- 
 tudlne esse, Cic. Sen. 11, ?5 ; valetudine 
 gravi [minus prosperaj uti. Suet. CI. )i : 
 he h'OS a great i. all his life, graves 
 valetudines per omnem ^cani expertus 
 
 est (of recurring illness). Suet. Aug. 81. 
 II. A disabled soldier or sailor: 1. 
 causarius: i.s and superannuated men, 
 c. senioresqae, Liv. 6. 6, ad Jin. 2. 
 valetudinarius : Macer. Dig. 49, 16, 
 12, I'm. 
 
 invalidate : 1. infirmo, i (to 
 annul: dis/n-ore): a contract is i.d, 
 infirmatur contractus., Hemiog. Dig. 49, 
 14, 46 ^ 2 • by rejjealing one law to i. 
 the rest, unain tollendo legem a-teras i., 
 Liv. n, }. to i.and disprove anything, 
 aliquid inf. et tollere, Cic. N. D. J, 59' 
 147. 2. expr. by irritus and a verb : 
 to 1'. laws (annul them), leges irritas 
 facere, Cic. Ph. 5, I, fn. Join: tol- 
 lere atque irrilum esse jubere, Cic. Verr. 
 2, 2, 57, init. 3. iab€facto, I (to cause 
 to totter; hence, to take away the strength 
 of) : to i. an opinion, opinionem 1., Cic. 
 Clu. 2,6: tot. laws, leges ac jura 1., Cic. 
 Caec. 2;. 70. 
 
 invaluable : InaestimaWlis, e : v. 
 
 INFSTlMAliLE. 
 
 invariable : constans, immulabilis : 
 
 v. LNCHANGKAHI.E. 
 
 invariably: semper: v. always. 
 
 invasion: 1. expr. by invado, 
 bellum infCro, incurro: he resolved on 
 an i. of Scythia, Scylbis bellum inferre 
 [in Scythas inradere] decrevit, Nep. 
 Milt. J : to repel an i., *ho8tes bellum 
 inferent<>s, in agros incurrentes pro- 
 hibere : t. to invade. 2. incursio, 
 
 irruptio (esp. a sudden i.) : v. inroad. 
 For fig. sense, v. infringement. 
 
 invective : 1. convicium (strong 
 language: usu. abusive): by what re- 
 buke or rather i , qua objurgatione, 
 
 aut quo potius conWcio. . . ? Cio. Off. ;, 
 21, 8t : nwst just and honourable i., 
 justissimum el honestissimum c, Cic. 
 Fam. 12, 25, med. 2. invectio(v. rare) : 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164, invectiones comi- 
 tate retinentur((ri.invectio. . .retinetur). 
 (N.B.— Better avoided.) 3. most freq. 
 expr. by invehor, ctus, ; (to deliver an 
 I.) : with pres. part, invghens : to de- 
 liver a bitter, affronting i. against any 
 one, in aliquem acerbe et contiimeliose 
 invehi, Cic. de Or. 2, 7?, 104: wiih arc. 
 of neut. pron , to iiutulgc in plentiful 
 i. against any one, multa invehi in ali- 
 quem, Nep. l<jp. 6. Join: in aliquem 
 invehi, insectarique vehemenler, Cic 
 Am. 16, 57. So by insector, i (to assail 
 violently) : to indulge in i. against any 
 one, maledictis insectari aliquem, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 25, 80: v. to inveigh. 
 
 inveigh against : 1. invghor, 
 
 ctus. i (loll, by in and ace): Cic: 
 Nep. : Liv. : v. preced. art. (3). 2. 
 insector, i (with occ.) : to i. against 
 (assail) the audacity of bad men, auda- 
 ciam iniproborum ins., Cic. Att. 10, i, 
 ad fm. : Tac. : v. preced. art. fn. 3. 
 Incesso, ivi, Itum, } : v. to attack 
 (II., 5). 4. incurro, i, sum, { : they 
 
 i. against the tribunes, in tribuiios in- 
 currunt, Liv. 5, 11, ad metl. : to i. so 
 freely against anyone, in aliquem tanta 
 "libertate inc., Trebon. in Cic. Fam. i2, 
 16. Jin. 5. incrgpo, ui, itum, i ; also 
 reg. (to chiile. rebuke : with ace): more 
 fully, maledictis inc.. Sail. Cat. 2i ; pro- 
 bris inc., Liv. 2?, 45. med- 6. ca-S- 
 tigo, I (to chastise ; hence, to rebuke, 
 lash) : he i.'d more viole^itly against 
 the senate, in senata cistigando vebe- 
 mentior fuit. Liv. j, 19. inil. 
 
 inveigle : iilicio, peliicio, j : v. to 
 entice. 
 
 invent: 1. rgpeno, i, rtum, 4: 
 he i.d the (use of the) saw, serrae rep- 
 perit usum, Ov. M. 8, 246 : guint. : foil, 
 by inf., V. to discover. 2. invgnio. 
 vcni. ntum, 4 : a potter of .ViVi/oii ivas 
 the first who i.'d..., Sicy..nius figulus 
 primus Invenit, foil, by inf, Plin. J5, 
 II, 4?: a way has bem i.'d to..., in- 
 v^ntuni est, foil by inf.. Plin. J7, 12, 
 7;. (N.B.— There apjiears to be no 
 ground for the distinction that reperio 
 denotes discovery ofter search ; invenio, 
 accidentally.) 3. excOgito, i : v. to 
 contrive. 4. comminlscor. mentus, 
 } (by the exercise of thought) : the I'hoe- 
 nicians i.'d the alpkaliet, literas Phoe- 
 
 nices comment! sunt, Mela, i, il, ini(.; 
 Suet. : Plin. See also TC discover. 
 
 invention: I. The art of invenU 
 ing : expr. by verb : by the i. of thg 
 saw, serra reperta s. inveuta: v. to 
 INVEST. II. That whicli isinrented: 
 Inventum (more freq. = device) ■ Ov. M. 
 I, 521. (Or expr. by verb.) |||. The 
 mental power: inventio cf Cic. Fuse. 
 I, 25, 61, vis quae Invesiigat occulta, 
 quae Inventio atque excogitatlo dliitur: 
 also of literary i., Auct. Her. i, 2, }: 
 Cic. (title of work). |V. yubrica- 
 
 tion : commentum, mera fabula : v. fa- 
 brication, fiction. 
 
 inventive : Phr.: tlw. i. faculty, 
 inventio s. excogitatio (v. prcc<-d art, 
 HI.): to possess an i. genius, •liabilem 
 esse ad res excogitandas, comminiscen- 
 das : to possess such a genius (in tlie 
 field of action), celeriier quae opus sunt 
 reperire, Nep. Them. i. (N.B. -There 
 can be no impropriety in using Inventor, 
 inventrix, as adj., cl. L. G. } 598, but it 
 ntust fce foil, by object, gen.: that i, 
 );u>«i, •niultorum ille inventor artificl- 
 orum animus.) 
 
 inventor : 1. inventor, /. trix : 
 i. of all iirt.', i. omnium artiuni, Caes. 
 B. G. 6, 17: Cic: Virg. 2. ri-pirtor- 
 i. of poetry and medicine, carniinis et 
 medicae artis r., Ov. R. Am. 76 : Virg. 
 
 3. monstrator (p<Kt.) : Virg. : Ov. 
 
 4. auctor (driginaVir) : H<ir. S. I, 
 10, 66- v. AUTHOR. (N.B.— Very ofu 
 expr. by verb : the I'hoenicians were the 
 i.s of..., invenerunt Pboenices.. . : v 
 
 TO INVENT.) 
 
 inventory: 1. inventurlum: Ulp. 
 Dig. 26, 7, 7 2. reprrtorium (the less 
 usu. term) : cf Dig. I. c 
 
 inventress: inventrix, ids: Cic 
 
 inverse Cdj): inversus, conversus- 
 V. IN\ kbted. 
 
 inversely : *in versa ratione (ast. £.). 
 
 inversion : conversio : usu. better 
 expr. by veib : v. TO invert. 
 
 invert : Inverto, tl, sum, J : tot. the 
 order (nf nords), ordinem i., Cic. Part. 
 7, 24 : V. foil. art. Phr.: to r. the order 
 of words, praep<jnere ultima primis, 
 Hor. S. 1 , 4, 59 ; ordinem verbomm 
 mntarc, ita ut sursum versus retroque 
 dicantur, cf. Cic. 1. c 
 
 inverted (part, adj.): inversus: an 
 I. hull, i. alveus (navis), Sail. Jug. 18, 
 ad init. : Virg. 
 
 invest : I. I^put in possession of 
 an office : magistratum alicui <;ommll- 
 tere.'Cic PI. 25. 61 ; mandare. Id. Mur. 
 i$, 74; dare, id. Agr. 2, lo, 26 [sc po- 
 testatt m dare, committere, etc. : v. 
 office]. Sometimi-s, praepono, prae- 
 flcio, will serve: to i. with orlice such 
 as wouUl not offend, praeponere iion 
 peccaiuros, Tac Agr. 19 (but the dat. is 
 usu. added): v. to Al-ifiixT (1.) ||, 
 To surround, grace : expr. by addo, do, 
 etc.: to i. petty things wit/i honour, 
 angustis addere Vibus lionorem, Virg G. 
 J, 290: i. thou my wiyrds with imperish- 
 able grace, aeternum da dictis leporem ! 
 Lucr. I, 29: she (the gtxidess) had i.'d 
 his eyes with lively chaims. laeios oculia 
 afflarat honores, Virg. Aen. I. 591. v. 
 TO IMPART, bestow. Phr.: virtue it 
 i.'d with neir charms by a comely form, 
 gratior pulchro veiiiens In corpore virtus, 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 544. III. To sink or put 
 out money at interest : 1. collSco, i 
 (that til which, expr. by in and abl., 
 less freq. in and occ.) : to i. numey in 
 an estate, (pecuniam) in fundo c, Cic 
 Caec. 4, 11; in emptioms praediorum, 
 Gai. Dig. 17, 1, 2 J 6 ; at heavy interest, 
 gravl fenore c. Suet. Aug. {9. 2. 
 pono, piisul, itum. ? (to put out lo In- 
 terest ; opp. to religere. to call in) : Hor. 
 Kpod. 2. exir. 3. "ccupo. I (to lend 
 on interest : also. In gen. sense" : cf. Cic 
 Verr. 2. i, i(>, 9'. p^cunias occupftrat 
 apud po'pulos, et syngraphas fi-cerat : t* 
 i. monei/ in st>vk, pecuniam (in") anima- 
 llbus, in pecore o., Col. |V. obsideo, 
 circumsedeo, vallo et fossa cingo, cir- 
 
 CumdO, etc.: V. TO BESIEGE. BI.OCKADF- 
 
 investigate: I. I" gen. sense 
 scrutor, investico (to track out), indagc 
 
 421
 
 INVESTIGATION 
 
 INVOLUNTARILY 
 
 IRON 
 
 etc. : V. TO EXAMINE. ||, In legal 
 sense : quaero, cognosce, etc. : v. to en- 
 
 QUIBR INTO. 
 
 investigation : v. examination, 
 
 ENQUIBV. 
 
 investigator: 1. invesilgator : 
 
 Cic. 2. iiidagator: Col.: v. endlurku. 
 
 investiture : conseiratio, Inaugu- 
 ratio V. INSTALMKNT. 7'o rcceu 6 I., in- 
 signia piitestatis [episcopatus] accipere : 
 
 V. INSIGNIA. 
 
 iavestment: |. o/ moiiei/ .- expr. 
 by c.illoco, I V. TO INVEST. II, (jf a 
 toivn: obsessio, circumvallatio . v. siege, 
 
 BLOCKADK. 
 
 inveteracy : invgteratio : Cic. Tusc. 
 4, Ji, extr (of a diseasp). More usu. 
 expr. by adj. : v. foil, art 
 
 inveterate : invgieratus (of old 
 
 itanding ; in good or bad sense) : Cic, 
 Ph. 5, II (opp. to miscens) : N^p. To 
 become i., iiivgtgrasco, avi, j : of a dis- 
 i-ase, Lucr. 4, 1 064 ; of a custom, Caes. 
 B. (i. «, 41 : to become i. by Umg delay 
 (of a disease), per longas convalescere 
 moras, Ov. K. Am. 92 : w i. a prejudice, 
 tam pcnitus insita opinio. Cic. Clu. i, 
 Jin.: SI), penitus defi.\a atque haerentia 
 [dedecoraj, Anct. Har. Resp. 26. extr. 
 
 inveterately : perh. pgnuus : v. 
 
 preced. art. fin. Or expr. by inveteras- 
 cere: tliei/ hated each other i., *lnvete- 
 raverat jam dm inter se odium. 
 
 invidious : perh. mallgnus (ti^ 
 natured, ungenerous : not in Cie.) : v. 
 
 JEALOUS. MALICIOUS. (ll)VidiOSUS = KE- 
 
 posed to ill-will, envy, unpopularity). 
 P h r. : to represent any one in an i. 
 light, aliquem in invidiam vucare, Cic. 
 Ac. 2, 47, 144 : to be or appear so, invi- 
 diam habere, Cic. de Or. 2, -jo, 28 {. 
 
 invidiously : 1, invidiose : of. 
 Cic. Mil. 5, 12; Ac. 2, 47, 146. 2. 
 maligne {in an ill-natured, jealous 
 spirit) : tn say anything i., m. aliquid 
 dicere, Plin. Ii!p. i, 5, i2: v. jeaiously. 
 3. (.■) per calumnias (in a malicious, 
 fault-finding way): Gell. 7, 2, init. 
 
 invidiousneSS : invldiar cl. Cic. Or. 
 51, 170, I'abere nonnullani invidiam. 
 
 invigorate: 1. corroboro, i: to 
 i. the stomach, stomachum c, Plin. 20, 
 2}, 99 : to become i.d, se c, Cic. .Sext. 4, 
 10. 2. finno, confirmo, etc : v. to 
 
 STRENGTHEN 
 
 invigorating (aty) ■ aptus ad corpus 
 firmandum, ad vires corrobcracdas : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 invigoration : expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 INVIGOItATE. 
 
 invincible : 1. invictus : sup. 
 
 invictisslmus, PI. Mil. i, i. 57: Cic: 
 Hor. Fig.: i necessity, i. necessitas. 
 Sen. Ep. JO, 9. (No such word as invin- 
 cibilis.) 2. insupgrabilis, e (in fig. 
 
 Bense). v. insuperable. 
 
 invincibly : expr by modal abl. 
 with invictiis. (Invicte, Aug.) 
 
 inviolability: sanclltas: i. of kings, 
 s. reiiuni, Caes. in Sue'. viL 6. (Usu. 
 better expr. by inviolatus. sacrosanctus: 
 to declare the i. of tribunes, tribunes 
 Bacrosanctos, inviolatos esse sancire: cf. 
 Liv. }. 5?, nied.) 
 
 inviolable: 1. inviolatus: Liv. 
 i, 55, med. 2. sacrosanctus (strictlj^ 
 deciated so by religious ceremonies, 
 hence, in gen. sense legal term) : cf. 
 Cic. Balb. 14, ?!, scurosanctum nil esse 
 potest, nisi qiiod pupulus plebesve sanx- 
 isset. 3. invi61abilis, e (pot-t. and 
 rare) : Lucr. : Sil. (.Non violabilis, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, IS4.) 
 
 inviolably : 1. invlolaie : Join: 
 pie inviolaieqiie [servarej, Cic. Sen. 22, 
 extr.; inv. sancteque, Gell. 7, 18, init. 
 2. sancte ■ Cic R. Com. 2, fn. : cf. 
 supr. : v. .scRUPDLOtJSLY. (Or expr. by 
 adj., to prcserxK a temple i., leniplum 
 invlolatum servare : v. inmolate.; 
 
 inviolate: 1. inviolatus: Join: 
 integer atque inviolatus, Cic. Coel. 5, 
 II: Liv. 2. intactus, integer: v. 
 
 INTACT. 
 
 invisibility : expr. by verb : v. in- 
 visible. 
 
 invisible: 1. invisIbJUs, e (rare, 
 but sometimes necessary lor precision) : 
 4»i 
 
 t. aperture*, inv. foramina, Cels pref. 
 m^A.: Lact. 7, 9, med. ("f God): Vulg. 
 (N.B.— lnvi8Us=tAaf has nut lieen seen.) 
 2. caecus (infret). in this sense) : 
 things i. and out of the reach of sight, 
 res c. et ab aspi-ctus judiiio remotae, 
 Cic. deOr. 2, 87. J57 an i. patisaae and 
 trefnch'-s, vallum c. fossaeque, Caes. B C. 
 
 1, 28 Lucr. 3. more freq. expr. by 
 circuml. : things which are i. to the eye, 
 quae cemere et videre non possumus 
 [cerni et videri non possuntj, Cic. de Or. 
 {, 40, 161 : iihether it (the soul) be so 
 subtle as to be i.. an tanta sit ejus tenui- 
 tas ut fugiat ;icieni. Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50: 
 so, visum effugere, Plin. j;, 1°. !*> i 8!, 
 to be i., non caaere sub oculos, cl. Cic 
 Or. J, init. : v. to see ; sight. Cf. 
 supi: (2). 
 
 invisibly : ita ut aciem oculorum 
 fugiat, efTugiat: v. preced. ajt. 
 
 invitation: 1. inviiatio (infreq. 
 in this sense) : an i. to Epii-us, 'n Epi- 
 rum inv., Cic. Att. 9. 12, i (in Cic. Verr. 
 
 2, I. 26, 66, invitatio is a challenge to 
 drink). As abl., invitatu : at your i., 
 tuo invitatu, Cic. Fam 7, 5, med. 2. 
 vocatio (rare): to hunt up i.s.v. quae- 
 rere. Cat. 47, extr. As abl., vocatu (cf. 
 supr. I): Suet.Cal. !Q, extr. 3. expr. 
 by verb : lie directed i.s to l/e sent to . . ., 
 vocari jubebat . . ., Cic. Verr. }. 26, 65 : 
 you give me an i. to coTiie again, revo- 
 cas (me), Hor. S. I, 6, 61 ■ give him an 
 i. from me to supper, die ad coenam 
 venial. Hor. Ep. i, 7, 60 : to accept an i. 
 to any one's house, promittere ad ali- 
 quem, Cic. de Or. 2, 7. 27 : to send a note 
 of i., per liteias invitare (the libelli in 
 Tac. Or. 9, are copies or abstracts of the 
 work to be read) : v. to invite. 
 
 invite : I. I'o ««^' to go some- 
 where: \, invito, I (loll, by prep, or 
 clause : absol. = to entertain) : to i. any 
 one to supper, i. aliquem ad coenam, Cic. 
 Fam. 7, 9; to one's house, domum suam, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, j6, 89; to stay with you, 
 ut apud te deversetur, Cic. Att. ij, 2: 
 Liv. (Also in gen. sense, to ask to join, 
 e. g in legationem, to take part in a 
 legatio. Cic Att. 2. 18) 2. 'Oco, i 
 (with ad. in and ace; also absol.): to i. 
 to sufiper, ad coenam v., Cic. Att. 6, ?, 
 ^n. : absol., PI. Capt. 1, i, 7. In gen. 
 sense, to i. to the deep, v. in altum, Virg. 
 Aen. }, 70. Join: vocare el invitare, 
 Lucr. 5, 525. \\. To tempt, solicit: 
 1. allecto. I \to entice): to i. flat- 
 tery (assentationem) a [et invitare], Cic. 
 Am. 26, 99. So allicio, Ov. F. 6, 681, 
 alliciunt somnos, tempus, motusque me- 
 rumque. 2. invito, i : genial winter 
 i.s, i. genialis hiems, Virg. G. J02 : Cic. 
 (v. supr. 1). 3. arcesso, ivi, itum, }: 
 to i. rest, quietem a., Liv. 21, 4, med. 
 P h r. : to i. to slumber, somnos suadere, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 9 
 
 inviting (a^y) : 1. gratus.amoe- 
 nus (the latter usu. cf places): v. plea- 
 sant. 2. blandus (soft, aUuHng) : 
 cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, J, 6, illecebris blandae 
 voluptatis invitari : m/>st i. slu»-es 
 (Baiae), blandissima litora, Stai. J, 5. 96. 
 So, to be i., jppeal incitingly to, blandior, 
 4 (with dat.): cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 1J9, 
 quam suaviier voluptas sensibus nostng 
 blanditur. 
 
 invitingly: 1. suaviter («»««</?/, 
 charmingly) : Cic. 2. blande (iinn- 
 ningly, eiitii:ing1y): cf. Hor. Od. 1,24, 
 1 5, quod si hlandius moderere tidem 
 (more perstuisively, uinningly). So to 
 speak i. to, blandior, 4 : v. preced. art. 
 
 invocation : invocatio : e. g., de- 
 oruni, Quint. 10, i, 48. 
 
 invoice : *lihellus (gen. term). 
 
 invoke: I. '''0 address a deity: 
 1. invdco, I ; PI. : Cic. : with preci- 
 bus, I'ac. A. 16, ji: to i. to help, in 
 auxilium i., Quint. 4, prooem. 5. 2. 
 v5co. I (less freq.): Virg.: Hor. ||. 
 To appeal to: appello, imploro, obteslor, 
 
 etc. : V. T« APPEAL to, implore, BE- 
 SEECH. 
 
 involuntarily: 1. expr. by co 
 
 actus (under compulsion : cf. L. G. 
 J J4J) : voluntarily or i., sponte an co- 
 
 actus, Tac. A. 11, lb: Cic. 2. im- 
 prQdeDB, imprudenter, per imprudenti- 
 am : V. inadvektknti.t. 3. baud 
 
 sponte, baud voluniaiio : v. volun- 
 tarily. 
 
 involuntary: non (baud) vsiunta- 
 
 rius: V. VOLUNTARY. Phr.: i. move- 
 ments, molus qui non [nuUaJ voluntate 
 nostra hum, Srn. (Qiiich.): to yield an 
 i. submission, *vi coactum parere (do- 
 mino) cf. preced. art. 
 involution : iuiplii atio (entangle- 
 
 menl) : V\c. 
 
 involve: I. Toenrelope: involve, 
 J : v. TO WRAP UP. ||. To uomprxse, 
 bring nith it: 1. coniineo, ui, ten- 
 tum, 2: that which most i.s the whole 
 question, quod maxime lem causamque 
 c, Cic. N. I >. I. I, 2 : esp. in pass : his 
 safety is i.d in yours, tiia salute con- 
 tineri suaui, Cic. Marc. 7, 22 : v. to bind 
 UP (111.). 2. habeo, 2 : v. to imply 
 (2). 3. expr. by insum, irr. : v. to 
 IMPLY (■.')). 4. affero, J, irr. : v. to 
 BRING (ll.). Ill, To implicate: 1, 
 admisceo, ui, stum and xium, 2: v. to 
 IMPLICATE. 2. illigo, 1 (to entangle, 
 engage) : cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 6, qui sermon- 
 ibus ejusmodi nolint tam graves personas 
 illigari, " to be involved in them." | V. 
 To bring into certain circumstances : 
 more freq. in pass. : Phr.: to be i.d 
 (entangled) in a war, illigari bello, Liv. 
 J2, 21, ad med. : to be i.d in many errors, 
 multis implicari erroribus, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 27, 58 : to t)e i.d in debt, aere alieno opi- 
 pressum esse, laboiare aere alieno (v. 
 
 DEBT). 
 
 invulnerable : invulnerabiiis, e 
 (late and rare) : Sen. (Us-u. better expr. 
 by circuml., qui nullo vulnere laedi po- 
 test, vulueribus obnoxius non est, ad- 
 versus vulnera tutus : v. wound.) 
 
 invulnerably : comp. preced. art. 
 
 inward (<^'j.) ■ interior: v. inner. 
 
 inwardly : 1. intus, intrinsScus, 
 introrsus (-um) : v. within. 2. Pcn- 
 itus (to the very heart or centre : oftener 
 in fig. sense) : Cic : Cels. 
 
 inweave : intexo, ui, xtum, j : toi. 
 gold, aurum int., Plin. 8. 48, 74: Ov. : 
 most freq. in p. part, intextus, Auct 
 Her. ■ Suet See also to entwine. 
 
 inwrought (part, adj.): intextus 
 (cf. preced. art.) : cf. Virg. Aen. 10, 785, 
 tribus inte.xtum opus tauris, inwrought 
 with the figures of three bulls : Claud. 
 /. work, musivum opus : v. mosaic (Diet. 
 Ant. p. 91;). 
 
 irascibility : 1. iracundia : cf. 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 27, where it is defined 
 as angry disposition : oftener in sense 
 of actual anger, passicm : v. anger. 
 2. meton. cSrebrum : cf. Hor. S. i, 
 9, 11,0 te, Bolane, felicem cerebri, i. e. 
 lucky in thine irascible vein. 3. st<5- 
 machus (.') : cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 24, init., 
 intelliges fortitudinem stomacho non 
 egere (" does not require the support of 
 anger or irascibility "). 
 
 ire : I™. iracundia, stomachus : v. 
 anger. 
 
 ireful : iratus Iracundus : v. angry. 
 
 irefully: iriite: v. angrily. 
 
 iridescence : iridis s. arcus coelestis 
 colores, qui subinde mutantur : cf. Plin. 
 J7, 9, 52, colores arcus coelestis .... 
 ejaculatur [gemma] subinde mutans, 
 magnaque \arietate admirationera sui 
 augens : cf. also Sen. N. Q. i, 7, where 
 such play of colour is described as spe- 
 cies falsi coloris qualem columbarum 
 cervix et sumit et ponit, utcunque de- 
 flectitur. 
 
 iris: |. TUe rainbow: areas coe- 
 lestis, iris : V. RAINBOW. ||. The 
 plant : iris, idis,/. : Plin. 
 
 irk : piget, taedet : v. vexed, weart 
 (to be). 
 
 irksome : m6Iestus, Spgrosue, 5di- 
 
 OSUS: V. TtRhSOME, wearisome. 
 
 irksomeness : taedium: t. weari- 
 someness. Join: taedium laborque, 
 Plin. Ep. I, 8, II. 
 
 iron (subs.): |. The Tnetal: fer^ 
 rum Caes. : Cic. : Virg. Made of i., 
 ferreus (v. foil, art.) : shod or tipped 
 tiritk i., terratus, Lucr. : Liv. : i.-minet.
 
 IRON 
 
 IRREPARABI. E 
 
 IRRIGATE 
 
 ferraria metalla, Plin. 14. 14. 4" ; a'so, 
 ferrariae, arum (including the i.-workt) : 
 Cans. B. a. -,. 22 : Liv. ||. Art imple. 
 ment o/iron : ferrum ; cf. Virg. Aen,io, 
 100. where it is used of curhng-iroiis. 
 III. Only in pi. —fetters: vincula, 
 
 COmpMeS: V. CHAIN, FETTER. 
 
 iron (odj) : ferreus : i.-hooks, f. hami, 
 Caes. B. (i. 7, V. extr.: Plin. Fig.: 
 the i. shower {of vnssiUs). f. imber, 
 Enn. : " Oie Held all i. " (.Milt.), f. ager 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 601: of almost i. strength 
 of body, ferrei prope corporis, Llv. }<), 
 ao.fin. See alsn iRus-HfiAKTED. 
 
 iron (''•): Phr. : to i. linm. •lintea 
 ferro calido premere ac levlgare. 
 
 iron-hearted: ferreus: .Join: du- 
 rus et lern-us, Cic. Verr. 5,46, init. i>ee 
 
 also HARI)-HEARTF.D, UXKF.KLIKG. 
 
 ironical : 'xpr. by ironia : and do 
 not deem this i.. nic in hoc ironiam esse 
 putes, Cic. Br. 87, 298: this is i., per 
 ironiam s. disslmulalioiiem liaec dicun- 
 tur: V. IKONV. (The iidj. ironiciis is 
 not class., but may sometimes he neces- 
 sary for exactness wiih ref. to a per- 
 son, simulator may be used, cf Cic. Off. 
 I, !o, 108. where It is used of Socrates 
 = Ok. elpuiv.) 
 
 ironically : ironlce : A.>con. in Verr. 
 (Or expr. by ironia, dissimulatio : / am 
 far from speaking i., sine ulla raehir- 
 cule ironia loquor, Cic. Q. Fr. ?, 4 2 to 
 speiik i., per dissimulatlnnHm dicere, Cic. 
 deOr. 2, 68. IT, v. iRosv). 
 
 ironmonger: negotiaror fer'anus 
 (ace. to anal, of negotiator vestiarnis, 
 IrumenUriMs, Dig); ferramentarius 
 (late) : Firmic. 
 
 ironmongery : ferramenta, orum 
 (tools and imi^lemenls of iron) : cf V arr. 
 R. R. I. 22 med.: v. tool. 
 
 irony : 1- ''■onia (Gr. e'lptoveCa) : 
 Cic: yuint. : V. IRONICAL. 2 pure 
 Lat di-Mmiilatio ; cf. Cic. Ac. 2, S<f'"-< 
 uti sulitus est ea dissimulatione quam 
 Graeci iipioftiav vncant- more pre- 
 cisely, dissimulatio urliana, salsa, cf. Cic. 
 de Or. 2, &■; : also dissimuUintia, Cic. 
 I. c. 5 i',o. 
 
 irradiate: illustro, i (irradio, late 
 and very lare, Sut.): v. to illimine. 
 
 irradiation: expr. by radius (v. 
 BAY); or by verb (v. to illumine). 
 
 irrational: 1. raiionls e.\pers: 
 Cic. Leu. I, -7, 22. 2. irrationalis, e 
 (late and rare): Quint. 8, 6, i?: Sen. 
 Ep. 92, init. : still later and of less 
 autlioriiy is the form irrationabilis, 
 Vulg. I Pet. ii. 12 : pseudo-yuint. 3. 
 brums (dull, senseless) : v. stupid. 
 (Alogus, Gr. iAoyos, Aug.) See also 
 
 ABSURD. 
 
 irrationally: absurde: v. ab- 
 surdly. 
 irreclaimable: *qui nulla ratione 
 
 emendari potest : v. to reclaim. 
 
 irreconcilable: I. unappeasable: 
 
 implaoiibili^, e : i. grudges, 1. iracundiae, 
 Cic. g. Fr. I, I, I}: Liv.: v. imi-laca- 
 BLE. II. Incompatible: Phr.: these 
 statements are i., *haec omnino inter se 
 coniraria sunt, inter se repugnant: v. 
 
 INCONSISTENT. 
 
 irreconcilably : expr. by adj. ■ v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 irrecoverable : irreparabliis, e : 
 Virg. : Sen. 
 
 irrecoverably : expr. by adj. : cf. 
 Hor. Ep. I, 18, 17, semel emissum volat 
 irrevocabiU verbum : v. irreparably. 
 
 irrefragable: expr. by certus, fir- 
 ir.us, esp. m supni. : cf. Cia Cat. j, 5, 
 fin.: ilia certissima sunt visa argu- 
 menta atfjue indicia sceleris : or by cir- 
 cuml. with refularl non posse, v. to re- 
 pute. (Irrefulabilis only in Amob.) 
 See also convincing (adj.). 
 
 irrefragablv : certis,-imis argumen- 
 tis at<iue indiciis ; iis argumentis quae 
 relut<iri non possint ; v. preced. art. 
 (Sometimes necessario s. -e may serve : 
 cf Cic. Inv. I, 29, 44, neces-sarie demon- 
 strantur ea qu.ie aliti-r ac dicuntur nee 
 fieri nee probari possunt.) 
 
 irrefutable : v. irrefragable. 
 
 irregular : 1. enormis, e (Aa«- 
 in^g no regular form : not lu Cic. or 
 
 Liv.): i. streets (of old Rome), e. vici, 
 Tac. A. 15, }8: cf. id. Agr. 10, immen- . 
 sum et enorme spatlum (of the northern 
 part of Britain) : but the adj. is oltener 
 used of that whicli etcceetls the usual 
 measure. 2. incompOsitus (put to- 
 getlun- without art) : i. (rude, inelegant) \ 
 movements, 1. motus, Virg. G. I, 550. i 
 
 3. inaequalis, inaequabilis, e (not 
 unifoi-m): i. pulsation, inaequabilis 
 venarura pulsus, Plin. 7, 51. 52: v. UN- j 
 even. 4. anomaius (gram. t. t.. esp. 
 stspl. neut.) : i. forms in wrbs, anomala 
 verborum, Prise. 8, 15. P- 8?!. (Irregu- 
 laris, very late and bad: v. Foic. s. v.) 
 Phr.: an i. army, exerciliis lumullu- 
 arius, milites tumultnarii (troops raised 1 
 in a hasty vumner and imperfectly dis- 1 
 ciplined), Llv. 5, J7. etc. : Auct. B. 
 Alex. : an i. proceeding, *ratio baud 
 legitima; id quod contra leges fit; nul- 
 lius exempli, contra omnia exempla (v. 
 ILLEGAL, unprecedented) : an t. at- 
 tcndaid at church, 'qui nonnisi subiiide 
 in I'cclesia versalur. 
 
 irregularity: \. want of regu- 
 
 larit'i: 1. vnormUsis (shapelessness) : 
 Qi.inL 9, 4, 27. 2. inaequalilas (un- 
 ev^Mnesii) : in gram, sense, Gell. 2, 25 : 
 Varr. 3. anomalla (gram. t. t.) 
 Varr. L. L. 9. inU. (Usu. better expr. 
 by adj. or phr. : tfi be guilty of an i., 
 •aliquid praeter legem, praeier C4)nsue- 
 tudii.em facere.) ||. Specially, a 
 breach of morals: Phr.: the i.s of 
 youth, quae lert adolescentia, 'I'er. Ad. 
 I, I, 28 : to be guilty of some 1., peccare 
 aliqnld, ib. I, 2, J5 ■ <" restrain i.s by 
 force, (lissolutos mores vi compescere, 
 'Ph.iedr. I, 2. 12: i.s in youth, nimia 
 lil)ertas in adolescentia, Cic. Ojfl. 18, 
 /in. : not ectn the most trijling i., w 
 minimum quidem erratum, Cic. 1. c. : 
 also more definite terms may be used, 
 e. g. amoies. convlriorum ac luslrorum 
 libido, voluptates: cf. Cic. 1. c. 
 
 irregularly : 1. enormiter (out 
 of shape) : Sen. N. Q. i, 7 (opp. to apte). 
 
 2. inaequaliter, inaequabillter (not 
 uniforvdy): v. unevenly, UNKtfUALLY. 
 
 3. praeter regulam s. legem: v. 
 CONTRARY TO. 4. vitio (witb ref. to 
 augury) : v. informally. 5. lil"^- 
 rius nimis libere v. licentiously. 6. 
 siibinde (noiu and then): v. occasion- 
 ally. 
 
 irrelevant : aiienus : v. foreigv 
 
 (II.) Phr.: it is quite i. (for me) to 
 say, nil attinet dicere, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 
 vied. ; ad rem nihil pertinet, cf. Cic. 
 Div. 2, 47, 98 (but the latter denotes 
 influence or beating upon sr/me end; 
 the former simply cmmexim): so, by 
 ellipsis of verb, nihil ad rem, nihil ad 
 hacc: cf. Cic. Or. 6}, 214. 
 
 irreligion: 1. impietas: v. im- 
 pii-Trv. 2. negligentia deorum «. di- 
 vini cuUus :' Liv. 5, 51. Phr.: to tend 
 to promote i., ad solvendam religionem 
 pertinere, Val. Max. 1, i, 12: concem- 
 ing i.. de religioiie iieglecia, ib. ij 16 : 
 stronger still, conlemptae religionis (ul- 
 tJjr), ib. $ 19. (N.B.— Not irreligio or 
 irreligiosilas, which are very late and 
 rare.) 
 
 irreligious : 1. impius (erga deum, 
 deos): v. impious. 2. religionis neg- 
 ligens, contemptor ; divini cullus neg- 
 ligens : V. pieced, art. 3. irrJUgiosus 
 (onlv of action.?, the precedd. being used 
 of agents) deeming amilhing i., ali- 
 quid ir. ratus, Llv. 5, 40, fn. : Amob. 
 Ph r. : to act in an i. manner, religionem 
 negligere, detrahere ; quod ad solvendam 
 (.«. lollendam) religionem pertinet fa- 
 cere. Val. Max. i, i. 
 
 irreligiously : 1. impie : "• »'- 
 puiusLV. 2. irrelTgiose (late): Arn. 
 irreligiousness : v. ikremgion. 
 irremediable : quod aiiter hen non 
 potest ; qiiwl 111 las est corrigere (Hor. 
 Od. 1, 24. extr.): v. incurable, iree- 
 pabable. 
 
 irreparable: 1. irreparabliis, e 
 (thai cannot be brought back again): 
 i. flight of time, temporis fuga i.. Col 
 II, 1. 0(i /in. : Virg. 2. irriSvocubilis, 
 e: v. irrevocable. Phr : an i. loss. 
 
 damnum quod nuUo mudo resarLlri po 
 test ; V. to bepaib. 
 
 irreparably: 1. expr. by adj.: 
 liir^e Jties i., fugit irreparabile tempus: 
 cf. L. G. i Hi. 2. by resarciri nou 
 posse : V. preced. art. 
 
 irreprehensible : nulla reprehen- 
 
 sione dignus, cf. Cic. (j. Fr. i, 2, 4; 
 culpa liber; baud culpandus s. repre- 
 heiidi-ndus: v. blameless. 
 
 irreproachable: 1. sanctus: no 
 
 (me nurre upiight or i., nemo neque in- 
 tegrior neque sanctlor, Cic. de Or. 1, 55, 
 229: Liv.: Virg. 2. integer: v. ip- 
 RiGHT. incorruptible. Phr.: 1. life 
 (or character), integritas vitae. Sail. Cat. 
 54; sanctita-s, Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 7 J (Uie 
 former referring chiefly to public life, 
 the latter to private character) ■ to be- 
 have in the most i. manner, saiictissime 
 se gerere, Cic. Q. Fr. 1,2.4. 
 
 irreproachably : sancte, sanctis- 
 slme : cf. preced. art. ; also, iilame- 
 lksslv. 
 
 irresistible: 1. invicius: Cic.: 
 
 Liv.: V. INVINCIBLE. 2. more pre- 
 cisely, cui nullo modo (nulla vl) reslstl 
 potest, cui frustra renitaris, cui repiig- 
 narl atque obsisti nulla vl pos.sit v. to 
 KESJ^. H h r. : i. ai yuntents, ctnls-sima 
 s. firnilssima argiiiiif-nla (v. irbefp^a- 
 GABLE): an almost i. tendency to sleep, 
 inexpugnabilis paeiie dormiendi neces- 
 siias, Cels. }, 20. init.: to do a thing 
 under i. constraint, aliquid vi ac neces- 
 sitate coactum facere, Cic. yuint. 16, 51. 
 
 irresistibly: 'ita ui nuiia vi (nuiio 
 
 modo) |•esi^ti possit : v. Tfj p.i-iiiOT. 
 I'hr. : to be i. impelled to something, 
 *raiali quadam necessitate ad aliquid 
 impelli. 
 
 irresolute: I. Undetermined how 
 to act: 1. incertus: more fully, In- 
 cerlus sentfutiae, Liv. 4, 57, init. ; in- 
 certus animi, Tac. A. 6, 46. Join: 
 varius incertusque, Sail. Jug. 74. (In 
 Cic. = uncertain.) 2. dubius (no- 
 vering) : the i. are conp-med, dubli con- 
 flrmantur, Caes. B. 0. i. }. J o i n du- 
 bius et haesitans. Sail. Jug. 107. To be 
 i., duliitare. haesitare, fluctuare (-ari): 
 v. to Ht:siTATE. ||. Of undecided 
 character: parum firinus (cf Cic. MiL 
 J J, 91, in suscepta causa tirmi.ssimus). 
 or with proposito (cf. Veil. 2. 6}, Jin., 
 firmus proposito et . . . fidus) : or in- 
 tirmus (cf. Caes. B. C. i, }, terrentur in- 
 firmiores) : v. resolute. 
 
 irresolutely : diibitanter : v. HESI- 
 TATiNGi.Y. (Or expr. by verb : to act i., 
 haesitare, fluctuare; variiim incerlum- 
 que se prael)ere : v. preced art.) 
 
 irresolution : 1. dubiiatio, cunc- 
 tatio: V. lu-siiATioN. 2. animus pa- 
 rum firmus (as permanent character) : 
 V. IRRESOLUTE. Phr.: to strengthen 
 (decide) any one's t.. fluctuaiitem ali- 
 cuius sententiam confirniare, Cic. AIL 
 I, 20. med. (Inconstantia, mutabilitas 
 mentis, denote fickUness and icai-ering 
 purpi.H', and mav sometimes serve.) 
 
 irretrievable: irreparabliis: v. ib- 
 
 BEPARAlSl.E. 
 
 irretrievably : v- raREPARABLY. 
 
 irreverence: irreverentla elate and 
 rare): Tac. (Usu. belter expr. by r r- 
 cuml.: a person of extreme 1., *uulla 
 rerum diviiiarum reverentia homo it 
 would be the height of i. to say • • • •• 
 *nullo modo deorum [DelJ reverenlift 
 salva dici potest; or perh. nefas est 
 dictu, cf. Cic. Sen. 5. '««'• (inverecun- 
 dum ingenium occurs in Cic Inv. i, 45, 
 poet., ill analogous sense.) 
 
 irreverent: 1. irrgvgrens deorum 
 [Dei] .I. rerum divinanim : cf. Pun. fcp. 
 8, 21, i, Irreverens operis: v. disre- 
 spectful. 2. perh. inv6reciindus. 
 
 parum verecuiidus (Unking the sense of 
 shame or modesty): v. immodest. S. 
 impius. niSlas (indecl.): v. impious. 
 
 irrevocable: i"*^i>caMlis.e: Lncr.: 
 Liv Hlt. SfC also ibkkparable. 
 
 irrevocably: expr. by adj.: v. «- 
 reparably. 
 
 irrigate : imgo, i (naturally or ar- 
 tificially) : the Mle i.s fgypt Aepyptum 
 Nilus i'., C^c. N. I). 2. 52 (lirigare 
 42 J
 
 IRRIGATION 
 
 ITCH 
 
 JACKDAW 
 
 aquaiu also occurs, foil, by ad, Cato, 
 R. R. 151. aquam ir. leniler In agros.) 
 
 irrigation: 1. imgaUo: Varr.: 
 Cic. 2. inductio aquae : Cic. N. D. 2, 
 60, fM. (Or expr. by verb : v. preced. 
 art.) 
 
 irrigUOUS : irriguus : Hor. : Plin. 
 
 irritability : 1. stsmachus (cha- 
 
 grin, irritation of mind) : a letter full 
 of i. and quenduusness, plena s. et que- 
 relarum epistola, Cic. Q. Fr. j, 4, init. 
 (but the word denotes stat£ of mind 
 rather than permanent character). 2. 
 iracundia (disposition to anger; latent 
 or expressed): v. iRAscrBiLrrr. 3. 
 animus irritabilis, ingenium irritabile : 
 
 T. IRRITABLE. 
 
 irritable : 1. irritabilis, e (easily 
 provoked ; touchy) : i. temper, animus i., 
 Cie. Att. I, 17, I : Hor. 2. stoma- 
 chosus {peevish, ill-tempered) : Hor. Ep. 
 
 1, 15, 12 (de seipso) : Sen.: v. peevish. 
 
 3, 5.marus: v. ill-temperep (2). 
 
 4. iracundus: v passionatk. 
 irritably ; stSmachose : Cic Alt. 10, 
 
 5: of. Hor. Ep. I, 15, 12. 
 
 irritate: I. ^o provoke, exaspe- 
 rate-. 1, irrito, i : esp. with animum, 
 animos, as object, Liv. ji. 5 (opportune 
 irritandis ad bellum animis): Just. 9, 2 
 (but irritare appears to have been used 
 absol. with direct ace. of person, cf. 
 Prov. irritare erabrones, PI. Am. 2, 2, 
 84). 2. expr. by stomachus, Ira, with 
 a verb : e. g. stomachum alicui movere, 
 Cic. Att. 6, J, j; facere, ib. 5, 11, 2: see 
 
 also TO ENRAGE, EXASPERATE. (Bilem 
 
 movere, commovere, also occur, but in 
 somewhat stronger sense, cf. Hor. Ep. i , 
 
 19,20: v. INDIGNATION.) ||, F i g. : to 
 
 caiise irritation, esp. in a sore : inflam- 
 
 mo, I : V. TO INFLAME (II.). 
 
 irritation: i.e. petty vexation: st6- 
 machus : to laugh even in spite of one's 
 i., in stomacho (tanien) rldere, Cic. Fam. 
 
 2, 16, fin. : V. iRRrTABiLrrr. (Or expr. 
 by verb : v. to iRRrpATE.) 
 
 irritative: expr. by verb: V. to 
 
 IRRITATE. 
 
 irruption: incursio, irruptio: v. 
 inroad. 
 
 isinglass: ichthyocoUa cf. Plin. 32, 
 "7, 24, 5 7?, icthyoculla appellatur piscis 
 . . . idem nomen glutino ejus: Cels. 5, 
 19,8. 
 
 islam: v. mahometanism. 
 
 island: insflla: Cic: Caes. 
 islander: insaiauus: Cic N. D. 3. 
 
 18,45. 
 
 islet : parva insula. 
 
 isolate : perh. intercludo (to inter- 
 apt or cut of), sejungo, secerno {to se- 
 parate) : V. TO CUT OFF, etc. P Ii r. : they 
 live i.d from the rest of men, *seorsum 
 a reliquis homlnibus agitant, habitant: 
 to treat only i.d portions of a subject, 
 rem carptim perscribere, Sail. Cat. 4 : 
 ijl points, *singula eaque disjimcta. 
 
 isolation: (.') soiitiido : v. solitude. 
 
 isosceles : aequlcrurius, Capell. ; 
 aeqnlpedus or aequipes, pedis, Apul.; 
 isosceles, is, Auson. 
 
 isothermal : *aequalis caloris linea 
 quae isothemialis diciiur. 
 
 issue (sMbs-) I. W'ai/ OM« : egres- 
 
 8US, us: v. EGRESS. \\, RestUt : 1, 
 eventus, iis : cf. Cic. Inv. i, 28, 42, even- 
 tus est alicujus exitus negotii {that 
 which comes out of it) : to ti-y the i. of 
 events, e. rei experiri, Caes. B. G. }, j, 
 extr. : so, eventus belli, pugnae, id. 2. 
 exitus, lis (cf. supr. 1): what nvuld be 
 the i. of . . ., quern exitum haberet . . ., 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 29, fn. : the i. of a war, 
 belli ex., Cic. Fam. 6, i. Join: even- 
 tus atque exitus rerum, Cic. 1. c. 3. 
 expr. by evenio, 4 : if the i. of the en- 
 gagement had been adverse, si adversa 
 pugna evenisset, Liv. 8, Ji, med. : often 
 with advv. : to have a happy i., bene, 
 feliciter e., Cic. Mur. init. 4. suc- 
 cessus, as {happy i.): v. success. 
 Strengthened by epitb. prosper, Liv. 
 prooem. extr., successus prosperos dare. 
 5. (?) summa (the main issue) : cf. 
 Lit. 52, l"7, med., summa uirversi belli: 
 cf. Gloss. Liv. s. v. III. In law, expr. 
 by ago, egi, actum, } : the point at i., 
 414 
 
 qua de re agitur (legal form), Cic. Br. 
 •)(), extr. : also used personally, the point 
 
 at i. is not money but non nunc pe- 
 
 cunia agitur, sed .... Ter. Heaut. j, i, &7. 
 P h r. : there seems to be one main i., 
 una res videtur causam continere. Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, ii, 65 : so, the main point at i., 
 quod maxima rem causamque conlinet, 
 Cic. N. D. I, I, 2. IV. frogeny : W- 
 beri, orum (including the case of a 
 single child) : Cai. Dig. 50, 16, 148 : Cic. 
 Clu. II, JI. y. ^ discharge: 1. 
 fluxio (any Jlovnng ; esp. of a morbid 
 kind): Plin. : the form fluxus, vis, also 
 occurs, Vulg. Luc. viii. 4J. 2. pro- 
 fluvium (like preced., ust^l by Cels. of 
 diarrhoea) : Lucr. : Plin. : Vulg. Mar. r. 
 2;. (N.B. — See also foil. art. through- 
 out.) 
 
 issue (i-): A. Intrans.: |. 
 To proceed : in this sense, usu. to i. 
 forth : 1, egredior, gressus, }: to i. 
 forth from the camp, the fortifications, 
 ex castris e., Caes. 15. G. 6, j6; extra 
 mnnitiones, ib. 35. 2. emano, i {in 
 a gentle stream), efBuo (as a river from 
 its source), etc. : v. to flow forth, 
 GUSH, etc. II, Specially, to come forth 
 from the press : exire (e prelo) : see 
 also TO PUBLISH. Ill, To end: evgnio 
 (v. preced. art. II. 3) ; evado (v. to turn 
 OUT, mf)'.). B. Trans. : 1. edo, 
 didi, ditum, } (to give forth) : to i. 
 (military) orders, imperia e., Liv. 29, 
 25, extr. : to i. a book, librum e , Cic. (v. 
 TO publish). 2. propono, posui, itum, 
 } (to post up, make public) : to i. an 
 edict, edictum p., Liv. 28, 25, med. 
 P h r. : to i. orders or an edict, edicere 
 (foil, by ut, ne), Liv. 29, 25, med. (et 
 pass.) : to i. rations to troops, frumentum 
 milititms metiri, Caes. B. G. i, 16 : to i. 
 a supply of oil to the several companies, 
 oleum per manipulos mittere, Liv. 21, 
 55, init.; cf. distribuere. Sail. Jug. 91, 
 init. : to i. gold, silver coin, aurum, ar- 
 gentuni publice signare (lit. to stamp it). 
 Vet. Leg. in Cic. Leg. j, j, 6 : Plin. : to 
 i. asses of half weight, asses sextantario 
 pondere ferire (to coin them), Plin. a, 
 
 J, ij, $44- 
 
 isthmus : 1. isthmus or isthmos, 
 i : esp. that of Corinth, Cic Fat. 4, 7 
 (where the form Isthmo, on the Isthmus 
 = at the Isthmian games, occurs) : 
 Mela : that of Ihe Chersonese, Mela, 2, 
 2, med. 2. angustiae, arum (any 
 naiiow place) : cf. Mela. 1. c, angustias 
 (Chersonesi) Isthnion appellant : cf. Cic. 
 Agr. 2, 32, 87, erat posita (Corinthus) 
 in angustiis atque in faucibus Grae- 
 ciae. 3. expr. by circuml., locus ubi 
 duo maria tenui discrimine separantur, 
 cf. Cic. 1. c. 
 
 it: is, ea, id, referring to a thing 
 before mentioned, cf. L. G. J J70. But 
 more freq. not expressed, esp. when the 
 object of a verb, L. G. } 371 : also when 
 it introduces an impere. sentence, it is 
 left to be understood from the pers. of 
 the verb, or the gender of an adj., e. g. 
 it is irearisome, is manifest, etc., taedet, 
 manifestiun est, etc. 
 
 italics : *literae tenuiores ac paul- 
 lum inclinatae, Kr. ; or simply, literae 
 inclinatae, Orell. ad Hor. S. i, 10, 
 Exrurs. ; typi obliqui quos cursivos vo- 
 cant, Nobbe, pref. Cic ; *quos nostrates 
 Italicos appellant. 
 
 itch (subs.) : I, The disease so 
 called : 1. scabies, ei, /. ; (in cattle, 
 the mange) : Cels. 5, 28, 16: Just. 2, 
 scabrities, ei,/. (rare in this sense); Col. 
 (of beasts). (Cels. 5, 28, 17, describes 
 several kinds of impStigo, of a very 
 similar nature to scabies.) Having the 
 i., pruriginosus, scabiosus, (iai. Dig. 21, 
 I. 1- II. The sensation : priirltus, prii- 
 rigo : V. ITCHING (subs.). III. A mor- 
 bid desire ; cacSethes, is, M. (rare) : an 
 incurable i. for scribbling, insanabile 
 scribendi c, Juv. 7, 51. Or by circuml., 
 mala cupiditas s. cupido. (Also sca- 
 bies, prurigo, are used fig., of conta- 
 gious, irritating desire ; cf. Hor. Ep. i, 
 12, 14, inter scabiem tantam et contagia 
 lucri : esp. lewd desire. Mart. . v. Forcell. 
 s. V.) 
 
 itch(i'.): I. Lit.: 1. prurio 
 4 : it makes the nhole face i., totura os 
 prurire tacit, Scrib. : the moie it i.'s, the 
 harder it is to cure, quo prurit magis, 
 eo diflBcilius tollitur, Cels. 5, 28, 16. 
 (Rodo, lit. to gnaiv, appears to denote 
 itching sensatvm, cf. Cels. 1. c. 17, im- 
 petigo. . .exulcerata est et rodit ; ib. 18, 
 leviter, vehementer roditur cutis, the 
 skin i.'s slightly, excessively.) 2. 
 formico, i (v. rare) : Plin. 30, 14, 45. 
 Ph r. : if your ear i.'s, si tibi prurigine 
 verminat auris, Mart. 14, 23 (but ver- 
 mino strictly denotes an aching, or ex- 
 cruciating pain). II, Fig.: to be 
 eager to do something : gestio, 4 : I i. to 
 know all about it, gestio scire ista omnia, 
 Cic. Att. 4, II: cf. PI. Am. i, i, 170, 
 gestiunt pugni mihi {"my fists itcli," 
 i. e. to be at some one). (N.B. — Prurio 
 in fig. sense is used only of prurient 
 desire.) 
 
 itching {subs.) : 1, pruiilus, us : 
 to cause intolerable i., p. intolerabilem 
 facere, Plin. 30, 3, 8 : Seren. Sam. 2. 
 priirigo, inis, /. : Mart. 14, 23 : Cels. 
 Sometimes pi., it cures i., prurigines 
 sanat, Plin. 27, 4, 5 ^ 18. For fig. sense, 
 v. ITCH (subs.). 
 
 itching (odj.). : P h r. : to have i. ears, 
 auribus prurire, Vulg. II. Tim. iv. 3 (but 
 the phr. is not class. : perh. titillationem 
 quandam aiu^bus adhiberi cupere, cf. 
 Cic N. D. I, 40, II J : v. TO tickle,/^.). 
 
 itchy: prilriglnosus: v. ITCH (subs.). 
 
 item : expr. by smguli, ae, a : sepa- 
 rate i.s (in an account), s. aera, Cic fr. 
 
 iterate : itero, i : v. to repeat. 
 
 iteration : expr. by Itero, 1 ; v. re- 
 petition. 
 
 itinerant : circumforaneus (going 
 about from town to tovm) : an i. apoOie- 
 cary, pharmacopola c, Cic. CI. 14, 40 • 
 Suet. 
 
 itinerary : Itlngrarium : Veg. MiL 
 5, 6 ; so, itinerarium Antonini, etc. (Or 
 by circuml., itineris descriptio, Forcell.: 
 kr.) 
 
 itinerate : *per oppida, vicos, etc., 
 iter facio. 
 
 itself: V. himself. 
 
 ivory (subs.) : 1. ebur, oris, n. : 
 Cic. : Hor. 2. filephantus, i (poet.) : 
 Virg. G. 3. 26. 
 
 ivory (adj.) : gbumeus, Cic Verr. 4, 
 I, I ; poet, eburnus, Virg. G. 3, 7 : Hor. : 
 Ov. : also, ebOreus (late) : Plin. : (juint. 
 Wrought or decorated with i., eboratus, 
 eburatus, PI. 2, i , 48 : Lampr, 
 
 ivy : hedera : Virg. : Ov. : Plin. Of 
 i., hederaceus : e.g., h. foUa, Plin. 16, 24, 
 38: decorated with i., hederatus (late), 
 Gallien. in Trebell. : Paul. Nol. There 
 was another kind of ivy called helix, 
 Plin. 16, 34, 62 145 ; lid an upright 
 (rigens) species, called cissos, ib. $ 152. 
 
 ivy-mantled : hedera obsitus, ob- 
 
 ductus: T. OVERGROWN. 
 
 J. 
 
 JABBER ('••)•• perh- blatero, i (to 
 bawl, talk idly) : Hor. : Apul. : or, 
 strfipo, ui, Itum, 3 (to make any inar- 
 ticulate sou7id or noise) : v. noise. More 
 precisely, *con(usis vocibus strepere. 
 
 jabberer : perh. biatero, onis (a 
 prater): Gell. i, 15. 
 
 jabbering {subs.) .- (?) strgpitus, us : 
 cf. Petr. I, sententiarum vanissimus 
 strepitus : v. noise. 
 
 jack: I. A pike: (.')liipus: Hor. 
 
 II. For pulling off boots : *machina 
 ad caligas detrahendas apta. |||, A 
 
 kind of frame : machiiia : v. Lat. Diet. 
 s. V. IV. Pro v. : Jack of all trades, 
 ad omnia instructus, qui cuivis open *. 
 artificio se admiscet (.'). 
 
 jackal : •canls aureus : Linn. 
 
 jackanapes : perh. homo ineptus, 
 ineptissimus : v. silly. 
 
 jackass : asinus : V. ass. For fig. 
 sense, v. fool, blockhead. 
 
 jackdaw : (?) gractilus : cf. Phaedt 
 I, 5, 4 (but it is perhaps rather a jay) 
 (*Corvus monedula, Linu )
 
 JACKET 
 
 JESTER 
 
 JOIN 
 
 jacket : tunica raanulcaU, PI. Pseud. 
 2 4 48. 
 
 jack-pudding: sannio: Cic de Or. 
 2, 61. /in. 
 
 jade {subs.): I. A hack horse: 
 
 nearest word caballus; v.iioiujE. Pro v.: 
 let the galled j. wince, siibducuiil oiien 
 coUa perusta boves, Ov. runt, i, 5- ■J4- 
 II. A ti'ctoiis or Ulnatnrfd vnman : 
 (?) iniportuna inulier, cf. Cic Clu. 6i, 
 IT7 (but the Eng. is mucli more himjcly). 
 
 jaded {part, adj.) : delessus, fessus: 
 
 V. WEARY, EXHAUSTKI) 
 
 jaKKed • serratus {like the teeth oj a 
 iaw): mill.: Tac. : serratim scissus : 
 Apul. Herb. (Hut as epith. of rocks, 
 better scopulosiis, asper, praeruplus ; v. 
 
 RUGGED, CRAGGY.) 
 
 jail ' career, iiris, m. .- v. gaol. 
 
 jail-bird : lurciivr, eri (strictly me 
 who has undergoru the punishment of 
 the furca: v. gallows); PI. Pseud, i, 
 J, 142 : Ter. 
 
 jailer : ▼• gaoler. 
 
 Jakes : latrina : v. privy. 
 
 jalap: *jiiapi- M- 1-'- 
 
 jam • baccae conditac, baccarum con- 
 ditura:'cf. Col. 12, 45 and 46. (Savillum 
 is a kind of cake ; see the recipe, Cato, 
 R. K. 84.) 
 
 jamb : postis, is, m. : v. POST. 
 
 jangle: v. to wrangle, muabrel. 
 
 janissaries : *janissarilqiii dicuntur. 
 
 January : (mensis) Junuarius : Cic. 
 
 japan : perb. lacca ; v. vaunish. 
 
 jar {subs.): I. A hi7id of vessel : 
 1. oUa, old form aula (whence aulu- 
 laria, the jar comedy) : an eaitlun j., 
 o. fictilis. Col. 8, 8, med.: Cic. The ltd 
 ofsucli, operculum, Col. /. c. 2. ficlile. 
 is, n. {eartlim-ware) : Plin. 12, 25, 54 
 6 116 (but the neut. adj. is rarely used 
 as subs, e.xcept in pi.). 3. cSdus (usu. 
 for viive: answering to our bottles): 
 Hor. pass. : also, /or other purposes, e. g. 
 for lumey. Mart. 1, 55. 10 -. far fruit.':, 
 Plin. : etc 4. ampbSra (a large jar 
 with two handles: esp. for wine or 
 olives, etc.) : cf. Hor. Od. j, Ji, "ad am- 
 phorara:" an olive j., a. olearia, Calo, 
 R. R. 10: Col. 5. dolium (a very 
 large j., answering to our casks ; from 
 which wine was draivn off into amphorae 
 or cadi : also for other purimes) : Ter. 
 Heaut. }, I, 51 : Cato, R. R. 69. Dimin. 
 dollolum, Col. : Liv. 6. seria (similar 
 to preced.): Ter. 1. c: Cato. ||. -^' 
 discordant sound: vo.x absona, soiius 
 discors: v. discordant. |||. In pin-. 
 
 on the jar, a-jar, semiapertus, seniiada- 
 perlus : v. half-open. |V. ^ quarrd : 
 
 rixa ; v. fray, quarrel. 
 jar ("•) •■ dissonum souuni edere. 
 jargon : *vocis inanis atque ine.xpli- 
 
 cabllis strepitus; coiifusae voces : Petr. 
 
 Sat. I, has sententiarum vanissimus 
 
 strepitus. 
 jarring (<i''j-) • dissonus, discors : 
 
 V. Dl«COKl)ANT 
 
 jasmin: *ja.'^niinum. 
 jasper : iaspis, idis, /. : Plin. J7, 8, 
 J9: Virg. Mart. O/ j., laspideus, 
 Plin. ; iiispius, Anlhol. 
 
 jaundice : morbus regius s. arquatus, 
 Cels. }, 24; 111. icterjcus, Forcell.: also, 
 *ict6rus (in Plin. Jo, 11, 28, denotins a 
 bird the sight of which was supposed to 
 cure the disease), MiUigans Cels. /. c. 
 (med. 1. 1.); suffusio fellis, Plin. 22. 3J, 
 49. A person who has the j.. icterfcus, 
 Plin. 20. 9. 34; arquatus, ib. 20, 11, 44 
 (in both cases pi.) ; qui morbo regio, 
 etc., laborat. Phr. : it is good for j., 
 prodesl felle suffuMS, Plin. 22, 21, ?o. 
 
 jaundiced: ictericus. feiie suffusus, 
 etc. : V. preced. art. Phr.: to see things 
 with aj. eye, perh. *oninia in deteriorem 
 partem interpretari, male interpreUri, 
 cf. Sen. Ep. 6 ?, 6 ; 'omnia interpretando 
 pro deterioribus habere. 
 
 jaunt: excursio: Plin. Ep. I, J, 2. 
 To take a j., excurrere, ib. 3. 4. 2. (To 
 denote that pleasure is the object of the 
 journey, animi causa or some such espr. 
 must be added.) 
 
 jaunty: perh. vggCtus, ameer: v. 
 fresh, lively. 
 javelin : 1. pilim {"^^'^ ^V ti'^'iMn 
 
 infantry): Caes.: Liv. {passim). 2. | 
 jaculum (anv dart or j.) : Caes. B. G 5. 
 4; ; Caes. To throw the j.. jacuUiri, Cic. 1 
 Off. 2, 1 ?, 45 : one " If/ fights w\th a j., \ 
 JaculaUir, Liv. ; the or'., jaculatio. Plin. 
 (title of a lost work, equesliis Jaculatio, ] 
 Plin. Ep. J, 5, 2). 3. lelum: v. mis- 
 
 sile, WEAPON. 4. v8ru, us, n. (poet.) : 
 Virg. : Tib. 
 javelin-man : Jaciiiator : Liv. 
 jaw : 1. malae, arum (v. rare in 
 sing., and denoting the immoveable part 
 of the jaws : cf. Cels. 8, i, med., vialae 
 com toto osse quod superiores denies 
 exigit immobiles sunt) : Lucr. : Vlrg. : 
 Hor. (who once has sing.. Od 2, 19, 24). 
 2 maxilla {the moveable part of 
 the lower jaw) : Cels. 1. c. (I'lin. n, n. 
 60, has maxillae superiores, to denote the 
 [supposed] moveable vpjier jaw of the 
 nocotlile.) 3. fig- fauces, ium, /. 
 
 (strictly, throat): cl. Cic. Arch. 9, 21. 
 belli ore .ic faucibus erepiam esse urbem. 
 jawbone: maxilla (v. preced. art.) : 
 Vulg. Jud. XV. 15. „ . , , 
 
 jay: (?)graciilus' Plin.: v. Dr. Smiths 
 Lat. Diet. s. v. ('Corvus glandarius, 
 Linn.) 
 
 jealous : 1. invTdus : V. ENVIOUS. 
 
 Oft. tig., j. fate, i. latum, Phacdr. 5, 7, 
 
 5: j. time,'i. aetas, Hor. Od. 1, 11, 7. 
 
 2. Uvidus : v. EN\ lous. 3, 
 
 aeniulus: v. emulous, rival. To be j. 
 
 of any one, aemulari alicui, Cic. Tusc. 
 
 I, 19, 44. 4. zelotvpus, a (esp. i» 
 
 love) : .Juv. 5, 45 : Petr. (femina zelo- 
 
 typa). Satyr. 69). 
 
 jealously: V. enviously. 
 
 jealousy: 1. zelotypia (esp. m 
 
 love): Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18: I'lin. (cf. 
 
 preced. art.). 2. aemulatio {a feeling 
 
 ofj.): Cic. Tusc. I; 19. 44- For gen. 
 
 sense, v. envy. 
 
 jeer (".) ■• 1. caviller, I (usu. 
 rather, to banter): cf. Liv. ;, 15, where 
 it is used of hostile soldiers jeeiinp each 
 other : cf. id. 2, 58, extr. 2. dendeo, 
 irrideo, illudo : v. to deride, mock. 
 
 jeer {subs.): Inisio, iriisus (esp. in 
 dat. or abl.) : v. mockery, ridicule. 
 Phr.: amidst the j.s of the spectators, 
 ♦irridentibus iis qui spectabant (also, 
 cum iriisione spectantium, cf. Cic. Off. i, 
 
 jeering (<«y) •■ P^ r. : in a j. man- 
 ner, ab irrisu, Liv. 7, 10, med. (unusual 
 constr. = cum irrisione s. irrisu). 
 
 jeeringly : '^um irrisione, etc. : v. 
 preced. art. Or expr. by part., they said 
 j., cavillantes, iiTidentes. illudeulcs di.x- 
 erunt, cf. Vulg. Matt, xxvii. 41. 
 
 jejune : jejiinus, exilis, siccus, aridus : 
 
 v. DRY (IV.), MEAGRE. 
 
 jejunely : jejune Join-, jejune et 
 exiliter, Cic. de Or. I, II, 5°- 
 
 jejuneness : jejunuas : Cic Or. 55, 
 202. Join; jejunitas et siccitas et 
 inopia. Cic. Or. 82, 285. 
 
 jelly: perh. cylon or quilon, Vcg. 
 Vet. }, J8: V. Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v., 
 where it is probably explained as jus 
 gelatum(congelatum)orjeH.!/: cf. ib. 66, 
 fervere, iit quilon fiat, to boil to a jelly. 
 
 jelly-fish: pulmo, onis. m. .- i'lin. 9, 
 47. 71 ; also, halipleumori, onis, m. ; 
 
 Plin. 52, II, 5? $ '49- 
 jeopardize : in pencuium adduce . 
 
 V. Tl) EXIiANGEK. 
 
 jeopardy: pi5riciilum: v. danger. 
 
 jerk ("•) •■ subito motu propulsare (?). 
 
 jerkin : ttinici : v. coat. 
 
 jersey : *tunic;\ lanea. 
 
 jessamine: ^- J'^*"'^- . . 
 
 jest (subs.): 1. jocus; m 3., per 
 jocum, PI. Am. j, 2. 59^ »•»" Jo«> (ne 
 joco quidem mentiri). Nep.Epam. J: v. 
 JOKF, SPORT. 2. civillatio : a bitter 
 
 j., acerba c. Suet. Tib. 57. To say in j., 
 Jocari : Cic. : v. TO Joke. 
 
 jest : 1. cavillor, i : to j. about a 
 thing, in aliqua re c, Cic. N. D. i, {4, 
 8?: also with direct ace, to j. at any- 
 thing, e. g. togani praetex tarn. Cic. Q. Fr. 
 2, 12. 2, Jocor, 1 : V. TO jtiKE. 
 1 jester: ' 1. scurra: V. BUFFOON. 
 I 2, fituus: to aviuse oneself in'th 
 
 I a j. {''fool ), fatuo delectari. Sen. Ep. 
 
 1 50, 2. 
 
 jesting (»"*».).• j6caiio. v. joktmg. 
 
 (See also JF.ST.) 
 
 jestingly : per j^^um : v. ji-ar. To 
 say a tiling j. jocari aliquid, Hor. S. I, 
 5, 62 ; Cic. 
 
 Jesuit : JSsuIta ; e socieiate Jesu, 
 S. J. (the latter expr. is used by the 
 order). 
 
 Jesuitical : *ex moribus Jesultanim 
 petilu.-,. 
 jesuitically : *Je8uitarum more, 
 Jesuit' 8-bark: 'cinchona; Phann. 
 Jesus : .lesus ; gen. dat. v<jc. and abl. 
 Jesii, act. -urn. 
 
 jet {iubs.) : I. A spouf or sho-it of 
 water : expr. by exsllio, siilio (applicable 
 to any gushing spiing): a fountain 
 tcith several j.s, •fons ubi plurlbus locis 
 exsilit aqua, cf. Plin. ji, 10, 46 } 107. 
 II. A kind of mineral : (.') gagStea, 
 ae, ni., I'lin. }6, 19, J4. 
 
 jet, jet-black : niger, nigerrimus : 
 V. black. 
 
 jetty : moles, is, /. {any mxntnd or 
 pile reaching out into Vie sea): v. pikb. 
 Jew: Jiidaeus: Hor.: Tac. 
 jewel: gemma: v. gem. 
 jewelled: I. gemmcus: a j. ladle, 
 g. truUa, Cic Also fig., j. peacocks, g. 
 pavones. Mart. }, 58, n ; Plin. 2. 
 gemmans, ntis : j. sceptre, g. scepira, 
 Ov. M. i, 264 : Manil. 3. gemmosus : 
 'Apul. 4. gemmifer, era, 6rum : 
 
 1 Val. Fl. 
 
 ' jeweller: gemmarius; Inscr. Orell. 
 Jewess: Jiidaea; Vulg Acts xvi. i 
 (ai. vidiiae) ; mulier J udaica (preferable). 
 Jewish : Judalcus : Cic. : Tac. 
 jibe : nearest word perh. convicium : 
 
 V ABUSE. 
 
 jig : L e. o Jcind of light dance : sal- 
 tatio levis, citata : cf. Cau 6}, 25. 
 jill-flirt : puella proterva, procax : 
 
 V. WANTON. 
 
 jilt {subs.) : V. FLIRT. 
 
 jilt (f.) •" perh. r^pudio, i (strictly, of 
 a man, to break with a t>etrothed lady) : 
 Ter. : Sueu 
 
 jingle ("•) ." tiunire, tlnnitum edere : 
 
 V. TO TINKLE. 
 
 jingle {s^d>s.): tinnitus, iis: Virg.: 
 Ov. ; V. TINKLING. Fig.: the j. of (laUio, 
 tinnitus Gallionis, Auct. Dial. Or. 26. 
 I' h r. : mere J. {verse), nugae canorae, 
 Hor. A. P. 522. 
 
 jingling : tinnulus ; V. TtNKLIHG. 
 Fi g. : of orat<irs, yuint. 2, J, 9. 
 
 job : i. e. a piece of work : opus, 5ri8, 
 n. : a f'"'-\ J., spissum opus et operosum, 
 Cic. y. Fr. 2, 14, ad in it. 
 
 jobber : i- e. one who engages in 
 small transactions : perh. caupo : v. 
 
 HUCKSTER. 
 
 jockey {subs.) .- agaso ; v. groom. 
 jockey ("■) •■ '^'- ''^ cheat, deceh-e. 
 
 jocose : 1. jocosus {full of sport) ; 
 Cic: Hor.: v. sportive. 2. ridlculUB 
 (not of persons in this sense) : to say 
 anything in a j. manner, per ridlculum 
 (opp. to severe) aliquid dicere, Cic. Off. 
 
 I !7'IJ4- V. RtDICULOrS, AMUSING. 
 
 ' jocosely : 1. J^^Ose : Cic : Hor. 
 2. Joculariter (rare): Suet.: Plin. 
 See also jest. 
 
 jocoseness: expr. by jficus, jdcoeS. 
 to provoke to mirth and j., ail hilan- 
 tatem et jocos provocare. Suet CaL 27 : 
 to answer with j., jocose respondere : ▼. 
 preced. artt. „ ^ ^ 
 
 jocular : J6ciilaris, e : Per. : Cic cf. 
 
 JOCtlSl-- 
 
 jocularity : v. jocoseness. 
 jocularly : v. jocosely. 
 jocund: hmns.e: v.mebet 
 
 jog (''•)•• I- '^" ""<*i'^'-' l^'C". ': 
 V. to NUDGE. II. To more steadily on: 
 lente griidior (R. and A.). t.N'oi repo 
 [R. and A.], which is to creep along.) 
 
 jog (,subs.): Phr.: to give any om a 
 j., fodico : v. preced. art. 
 
 ioir-trot : lentus s. remlssus gressus. 
 
 jOUi: A. Trans.: |. To bring 
 together: 1. jungo. xi, ctum. } :toj. 
 beams together, tlgna inter !« j.. Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 17: Cic: foU. by dat., Virg. 
 Aen. 3, 485 ; ad and ace, Cic Kin. ;, 14, 
 40; by cum, Cic Br. 97. J n (.not with- 
 out a slight difference of meaning : v. 
 I 42S
 
 JOINER 
 
 JOLT 
 
 w/r.). Join: .iuiiseie et copiilare [les 
 Inter se], Cic. de Or. i, ;i, m (fig-)- 
 Specially, toj. (a irmitan) in iiiatriiiumi/, 
 connubio j., Virg. Aen. i, ll ; (in) raa- 
 trimonio J., Cure. So comps. (1) con- 
 lungo, ? (to j. logetlter) • same constr. 
 as simple verb, though that with cum 
 is usu. preferred : Caes. : Cic. (N.B.— 
 By the dat. of the remoter object, mate- 
 rial conjunction is denoted, as, coiijun- 
 gere castra muro, Caes. B. C. 2, 25; l>y 
 ad, the addition of one thing to another, 
 as, si laudem ejus ad ulilitatem causae 
 nostrite con.ii'nxerimus, Quint. 4. i. i6; 
 by cum, an identitii of relation between 
 the things brouglit together, as, deciis 
 omne viriuiis cum sumnia eloquentia 
 junxisses, Cic. Br. 97, ??i.) (2) lessfrcq. 
 in this sense, adjungo : esp. with ref. to 
 territory, cf. Cic. Agr. i, 2, 5. ho* agros 
 P. Romano Servilii victoria adjunxit : id. 
 Nanil. 12. ?;, toUun ad imperiuni I' R 
 Ciliciam adjunxit. 2. connecto, xui, 
 
 XUm, J : V. TO CONNECT. 3. COpulO, I 
 
 (denoting a cfos^r Mwicm than jungo, to 
 which it is sometimes subjoined) . Cic. 
 (y.supr.X). 4. coutiimo, \ {to join 
 in unbroken succession): to j. two or 
 mare houses in one, binas aut amplius 
 domos c, Sail. Cat. 20, m£d. : Cic. : Liv. 
 5. commit; o, isi, issum, J (f" bring 
 into connexion or cmitact^: a mole, to 
 j. the city to the mainland, moles quae 
 arbem continenii connnitteret. Curt. 4. 
 2, med. : cf infr. (B., 1). K-p. in phr., 
 comtnittere proelium. pugnam, to j. 
 battle, Caes. : Cic. : Liv. : less freq.. 
 aciem conmiittere, Flor. 4, 2, 46. 6. 
 
 other less fnq. syns., cSagmento, I (to 
 j, together in an organism or frame- 
 work), CAc. ; c6aduno, i {to j. in one : v. 
 rare), Ulp. Dig ; conglutino, i {to cement 
 togethei ), Cic. ||. To come to in ad- 
 dition, as companion : 1. siipt-rvenio, 
 4 (w ith dat. or absol.) : the prcutor j.'d 
 them as they fCie making preparations 
 for the siege, parantilms jam oppugnare, 
 supervenii praetor, Liv. 42, 56, med.: 
 ol miliiary reinforcements, Tac. H. 4, 
 25. Join: addere se socium atque 
 supervenire, Virg. E. 6, 20. 2. inter- 
 vgnlo, 4 (to come up vhile something is 
 going on : with dat. or absol.) : Cic. 
 de Or. I, }, 14: Liv. 3. occurro, i, 
 rf am, 5 {to meet) : Hor. S. I, 5. 4i- 4. 
 convenio, 4 : v. 10 comb togethek. See 
 also TO COMB UP. III. ^y take a par- 
 ticular side : 1. transeo, transgr6dior : 
 V. TO GO OVER. 2. socieiaueii. 'cum 
 aliquo) coeo : Cic. : v. alliance. Phr.: 
 to j. no side, nullius partis esse, Asin. 
 Poll, in Cic. Fam. 10, Ji. B. 1 n- 
 trans. : |, To be connected with, as 
 by a joint: 1, expr. by committo, 
 J (usu. as pass, rejl.) : the rib:^ j. the 
 breast-bone, costae committuntur cum 
 osse pectoris, Cels. 8, I. med. : also with 
 dat., Ov. M. 12, ?I5 (qua naris fronti 
 committitur). 2. expr. by pass. part. 
 of conjungo, adjungo (implying simple 
 contact): the camp of Varus j.'d the 
 wall, muro conjuncta castra Vari (erant), 
 Caes. B. C. 2, i;. ||. To join in, take 
 part in : 1. partlceps, socius, adjutor 
 alicujus rei sum : Cic. Att. 9, 10, med. 
 2, iniersum, iir. {to be present at 
 and take paH in : with dat.): to j. in 
 deliberations, consiliis i , Cic. Att. 14, 
 22, fin. Phr.: to j. in the conversa- 
 tio7i, *sermoni se admiscere. 
 
 joiner : 1. ligmlrius : Pali. R. R. 
 I, 6, 2. 2. intestlnarius {cabinet- 
 maker) : Imp. Codd. 
 
 joint : 1. commissura (gen. term) : 
 flexible j.s (of the fingers), molles c, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 60, init. : also of inanimate 
 things, as the seams of ships, Plin. 16, 
 j6, 64. 2. articulus {of animated 
 
 bodies, including the parts of the bones 
 at the joint, or the bone itself where 
 small: whereas commissura is the seam 
 onli)): the j. by which, the neck is con- 
 nected with the head, a. quo Jungitur 
 capiti cervix, l.iv. 27, 49, init.: the fin- 
 gers have three j.s, digiti a. habeiit 
 ternos, Plin. 11, 4}, 99 : also of plants, 
 Cic. Sen. 15, 5!. 3. nodus (like pre- 
 oed.) : cf Caes. B. G. 6. 27 crura sme 
 426 
 
 nodis articulisque habent (alces) : v. 
 KNOT. 4. internodium {in plants: 
 
 the paH between tno knots, nodi) : the 
 j.s of a reed, arundinis iniemodia. Pliu. 
 7, 2, 2 ^ 21. 6. gSniculum {in plants 
 = nodus): Plin. 26, 11, 71. 6 ver- 
 
 ticilla, verticillus {a joint on which part 
 of an organism turns ; usu. pi ) : of the 
 spine, Solin. (verticuli) ; of marhineiy, 
 Vitr. 10, 8 (15), 1 (verticulae). 7. 
 
 vertebra (specially, of the spine = spon- 
 dylus; hMt nko or, 1/ joint) : cf. Sen. Ep. 
 78, 8, podagra et chiragra et omnis ver- 
 lebrarum dolor: Plin.: v. vektebka. 
 8, junctfira ( = commissura) : Ov. 
 9'. coagmentum (in carpentry, 
 etc.): PI.: Caes. /"»« o/' j.s, articulosus, 
 Plin. : joint b 11 joint, ardculatini, PI. 
 
 jointed (pert, adj.): 1. verle- 
 
 bratiis {furnished wilha joint or joints, 
 so that the parts play on each other) : 
 Plin. II, J7, 67. 2. geniculatus {of 
 "^ Plants): a j. stalk, culmus g., Cic. Sen. 
 15, 51: Plin. 3. articulosus (/tat'i«£r 
 man II joints or knots): Plin. (Or e.spr, 
 by circunil., the stem is j., caulis [plures, 
 umlios] articulos s. nodoshabet.) 
 
 joint-heir : coheres, edis, c. : Cic. : 
 Hor. 
 
 jointly : 1. conjuncte : Cic. 2. con- 
 junclim : Caes. . Nep. 3. una : v. toge- 
 ther. 4. comnnmiter: v. common (in). 
 Phr.: to have xviDes j., uxores inter se 
 communes habere. Caes. B. C 5, 14. 
 
 .'oint - stock - company : uearest 
 
 term, soci6tas. 
 
 jointure: Vhx.: to assign a j., 
 •mulieri (uxori) pecunias proprio Jure 
 habendas assignare : that prorince had 
 been the queen's j., *reginae in matri- 
 monium coUocatae ea provincia ut pro- 
 pria cesserat. 
 
 joist : tignum transvei-sarium {any 
 cross-beam): Caes. B. C. 2, 15. In pi, 
 transversaria {subs.), Vitr. 
 
 joke (subs.) : 1. jocus, pi. -i and 
 -a: defined as anything contrary to ear- 
 nest. Quint. 6, J, 21 : for the sake of a j„ 
 joci causa, Cic. Ph. 2, 17, 42 : in j., per 
 jocum: v. JEST. (N.B.— The forms joci 
 and jiica are used without difference of 
 meaning ; but, excepting Cic. and Lucr., 
 most writers use joci.) /Mnu'n. Joculus, 
 PI. 2. jOcatio : Cic. Fam. 9, 16. 2. 
 3. ridiculura (e^p. as rhet. t. t., the 
 ridlculons : Gr. to yi\olov): cf Cic. Or. 
 26 : Quint. 6, }, 22 ■ to say in j.. per r. 
 dicere, Cic. Off. 1, i1, IJ4 4. b5num 
 dictum (a bon mot) : v. witticism. 
 Phr.: to turn the edge of censure by 
 a j., joculari responsione eludere, Gell. 
 12, 12 : to make j s, say a thing in j., 
 jocari, Cic. : T. jest. 
 
 joke {«■) ■■ 1. JScor, T : to j. about 
 a thing, J. de aliqua re, Cic. Fam. 7,11; 
 at anything, in aliquam rem, Hor. S. i, 
 5. 62: also absol., do you think she is 
 j.ing, tu banc j. credis.' Ter. Heaut. 4, 
 
 4, 7 : Cic. 2. ciivillor, I : v. to jest. 
 Join: cavillari ac jocari [cum aliquo], 
 Cic. 3. itrideo, si, sum, } (to laugh 
 over anything) : do you j. about so grave 
 a matter, irrides in re tanta ? Ter. Heaut. 
 
 5, 2, 29. 4. liido, si, sum, } (not to 
 be in earnest) : yon think I am j.ing, i. 
 me putas, Plin. Ep. i, II , i : also as 
 ('. trans., J j.d him neatly enough, lusi 
 eum jocose satis, Cic. Q^Fr. 2, 12. 
 
 joker : 1. cavlUator : Cic. Att. I, 
 I ?, med. ': PI. 2. jotulator (v. rare) : 
 Cic. Att. 4, 16, 2. Phr. . to be a great 
 j., raulti esse joci, Cic. (in Kr.) 
 
 joking : expr. by verb : tivo kinds of 
 j., duplex jocandi genus, Cic. : v. to 
 ,i()KE. Phr.: j. apart, remoto joco, Cic. 
 Fam 7, II ; omis^is jocis, Plin. Ep. i, 
 21 ; extra jocum, Cic. Fam 7, 16. 
 
 jokingly : per jocum ; jocans ; etc. : 
 
 v. JOKE (SullS.). 
 
 jollity: hiliiritas: v. jhuth. Phr.; 
 to give way to j., genio iiidulgere, Pcrs. 
 5, i;i; sese invitare largius in coena, 
 in cnnvivio, etc. : v. to tekat. 
 
 jolly: hilaris. e: v. CHEERi-lf,. To 
 have a j. day. diem luculenter habere, 
 
 PI. H.p. I, 2, 54 : V. TO ENJOY (5). 
 
 jolt (v.) ■• 1. jacto, I (to toss about) : 
 cf Liv. 21, 48, vexatio vulmris in via 
 
 JOY-INSPIRING 
 
 jiictanii ; v. to to.s.s. 2. succutio, ssi, 
 ssum, { : cl. Ov. M. 2, 166, succutitui 
 alte (currus soils). 3. concutio, j (gen. 
 term) cf Cels. i, ii,med., concutiendum 
 corpus multa gestatione : v. to shake. 
 
 jolt, jolting (subs.): jactatio; cf. 
 Liv. 29, J 2. med., ubi primuni ducta 
 cicatri.x, patique posse visa jaclalionem 
 {sc. itineris) : v. preced. art. 
 
 jortim : olla : v. jar, I'OT. 
 
 jostle : pulso, I ; cl. Cic. N. D. i, 41, 
 114, pulsari atque agitari incursions 
 atomorum sempiterna also, Ulp. Dig. 
 47, 10, 5 I, verberare est cum dolore 
 Ciiedere, pulsare sine dolore. See also 
 
 TO ELBOW. 
 
 jostling (subs.) : pulsatio (?) : v. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 jot (subs.): Phr.: not a j. (lit. a 
 hair) the less, ne pilo quidem minus, 
 Cic. Q Fr. 2, 16, extr. ; baud tantillo 
 minus, PI. Most. 2. i, 47 : not 10 care a 
 j. for anything, bujus non lacere. Tar. 
 Ad. 2, 1, 9 ; so with nauci, pili, nihili, cf. 
 L. G. ^ 281, Obs. 2. 
 
 jot (''•) •■ n*'^- ^^ 3"t vloicn : ann5tOt 
 
 enSto, 1 ; v. TO NOTE DOWN. 
 
 jottings: commentarius, -um (notes 
 for lilerory work) : cf Cic. Br. 44, 165, 
 capita rerum et orationis commenta- 
 rium ; or perh. annotationes, annotati- 
 unculae (observations, comments) : v. 
 
 ANNOTATION. 
 
 journal : 1. ephemeris, idis, / 
 (Gr. e</)7)nepi9) : to refer to one's j 
 (diary), ad eph. reverii, Cic. Quint. iH, 
 57 : it contained a record of expe^iditare, 
 Nep. Att. i},fin.: Prop. 2. pu^e 
 
 Lat. diuriii commemarii ; Suet. Aug. 64 
 (V. Casaub. in Burm. a. I.) : for which 
 also, actii diurna, id. Caes. 20 ; diurna 
 actorum scriptura (of a public kin"^ 
 Tac. A. ?, }; diurnuni, Juv. 6, 482 ' 
 diurna, orum, Tac. A. 16 22, med. (The 
 term acta diurna or simply diurna, is 
 best suited to denote a rmwspaper.) 3. 
 commentarius, -um (le^s freq.) : v. note, 
 
 MEMORANDUM. 
 
 journalist: *(actorum) diurnorum 
 coniector ; qui (acta) diurna conficit. 
 
 journey (subs.) .- 1. Iter. Itiugris, 
 n : to commence a j. on foot, i. pedibus 
 ingredi. Cic. Sen. 10, J4: to make piepa- 
 riitions for aj., i. comparare (parare), 
 Nep. Ale. 10: distant j.s, longinqua i., 
 Muret. in Ivr. : a day's j., i. unius diei. 
 Cic. Fam. 15, 4, med. 2. peregrlnatio 
 (to a foreign country ; including resi- 
 dence theie): to undertake foreign js, 
 peregrinationes suscipere, I'lin. jo, i, 
 2^9: Cic. 3. profectio (setting out) : 
 Suet. : Veil. Phr.: to set out on a jour- 
 ney, dare se in viam, Cic. Fam. 14, 12; 
 proficisci (v. to set out). 
 
 journey (.<■'■) ■• 1. piofinscor, j (to 
 start) : v. TO SET OCT. 2. n'ost freq. 
 expr. by iter wiih a verb : i lacere, Cic. 
 Att. 8, II, D; conficere, ib. 5, 14 ; agere 
 (to be on a journey), Ulp. Dig. A"], 5. 6. 
 3. perggrinor, i (into f 01 eign parts) : 
 
 v. TO TRAVEL. 
 
 journeyman: mercenarius artifex: 
 v. HIRED. (Mercenarius in diem coo* 
 ductus, Kr.) 
 
 jovial: hilaris, e: v. merry. 
 
 joviality : hllarltas : v. MIRTH. 
 
 jowl : ^- CHEEK. 
 
 joy (subs.) : 1. gaudium : to feel ex- 
 cessive joy, gaudio compleri, Cic. Fin. 5, 
 24, 69; cumulari maximo g., id. Fin. g, 
 14, init. ; trimnpbare gaudio, id. Clu. ;, 
 14; incredibili g. elatum esse, id. Fam. 
 10, II, ad init. 2. laeiitia (stronger 
 than gaudium : exubeiant joy) : localise 
 very great joy in all, omnes ma.'iinia 1. 
 afficere, Caes.' B. G. ;, 48. fn. : to feel 
 excess of joy (exultathni), exsuUare lae- 
 titia, cic. Clu. ;, 14 ; gestire, id. Fin. 2, 
 4, 14. Phr.: to shed tears of j., lacri- 
 mare gaudio, Ter. Ad. J, J, SS ■ cf PI 
 St. J, 5. 15. prae laetitia lacrymae piae- 
 siliiuit niihi ! (but this use of prae is 
 hardly class, except in negative sen- 
 tences). See also delight. 
 
 joy (v.): gaudeo, gavisus, 2; gestio. 
 4: v. to rejoice : cf preced. art. 
 
 joy - inspiring : laetiflcus (poet.> 
 laetus ; v. joyous.
 
 JOYFUL 
 
 ioyfol: laetus: Ter.: Cic: v. glau. 
 To bej., laetari, gaudere : v. to rejoice. 
 See also CHKKitFnL. delightful. 
 
 joyfully: 1. 'aeie: Cic: Veil. 
 
 2. cxpr. by laetus, laetabundus 
 (L. G. '5 ?4{): ^ do thii j.. laeius hoc 
 facio ; a.so, laetanti aiiimo, Cic. Clu. 9, 
 28 ; laeto vultu, ore, etc. (if e.xpression 
 is denoted), Cic. Att. 8, 9, i, etc. 3. 
 
 libcilS, lil)(>nt('r: v. CHEEKFULLy,GLADI.V. 
 
 joyless : illaetabllls, e (poet.) : Virg. : 
 Stat. St.e also SAi), <;lo<)MY. 1' h r. : 
 to be j., voluptatlbus carere, Cic. Sen. 
 12, ?9. 
 
 joyous : 1. laetus, laetabundus 
 (the latter only of {jersons) : v. joyful. 
 2. laetificus (jmj-piodacing : poet ) : 
 Lucr. 1, 194. 
 joyously: V. JOYFULLY, 
 jubilant : perh. triumphans gaudio, 
 liietitia (•.\^uUaIls: cf. Cic. Clu. 5, 14 
 (jubilaiis.^rr of jubilo, to raise the cry 
 of joy, Ger. jodel). 
 
 jubilee: jubilaeus: Vulg. Levlt. XXV. 
 io(jubllum is a ay of joy : v. preced. 
 art). 
 Judaical : v- jkwish. 
 Judaism: Judaismus: Vulg. Gal. i. 
 I J, 14: I\rt. 
 
 judaize : judalzo, i (to live as a 
 Jeir): Vuli;. Gal. ii. 14. 
 judge (««('•'>•) ■■ I. -^ citiiZ officer: 
 
 1. Jude.x, ids (in Roman use, applied 
 to the bench if jurors ; the pr.-siding 
 Judge bf ine called Judex quae>tionis or 
 quaesitor, in criminal cases : cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 4J2, where the term quaesitor 
 is applied to Minos in the inferi, the 
 gen. term Judex having been used imme- 
 diately before : Juilex selves best to de- 
 note the judicUd function, in widest 
 sense) a most excellent and saf/acious 
 j., j. verissinius et sapientissimus, Cic. 
 K. Am. JO, 84: upp. to judex nequam 
 et levis, Cic. Verr. 2, 2. 12, Jo: Vulg. 
 (= Hebr. Shophetim). 2._ quaesitor ; 
 V. suyr. (1). 3. recuperator {in cer- 
 
 tain special cases, esp. of a summary 
 kind): Cic: Fest. : v. Dr. Smith's Lat. 
 Diet. s. r. Phr. to act as j., quaes 
 tioni praeesse, Cic. Clu. }i, 89; judicium 
 exercere, Cic Arch. exlr. ||, In gen. 
 
 sense, one uho has to express an opinion : 
 1. jiidex : a competent j. of duty, 
 satis i'doneiis officii j., Cic. Bull. 18, 50. 
 Join: [aequu>J existimator et judex, 
 Cic. Fin. }, 2, 6. 2. existimator (esp. 
 in the way of criticism) : a shilful, in- 
 telligmt, etc., judge, ex. doctus, inielli- 
 gens, Cic. (cf. supr.. II., 1) : no mean j., 
 non levis ex. [neque aspernabili'i], Gell. 
 20, I, ad init. 3. aesiimator (an ap- 
 predator, in pecuniary or other sense) : 
 Cic. Mar. 5, 15 (aestimator rerum) : 
 Val. Jlax. 
 
 judge ("•) •• 1. judico, I (in most 
 uses): to j. rightly and in due course, 
 recte et oidine j., Cic. R. Am. 48, 118; 
 /airly and honestly, ex aequo et bono, 
 id. Caec. 2 J. 65 ; impartially sine amore 
 et cupiditate, sine odio et invidia, id. 
 Mar. 9, 29; falsely, falsum, id. 21, .;9. 
 Join: fsicj statuo et judico (non-legal), 
 Cic de Or. 2, 28, 122. 2. existlmo, i 
 (in non-legal sense) : v. to think, con- 
 SIUEK. 3. aestitno, l : v. to value, 
 APPRECIATE. 4. censeo, ui, ura, 2 
 (the usu. word to denote a formal ex- 
 pression of opinicni) : most j.d it t)e^ to 
 march by night, plerique censebant ut 
 noctu iter facerent, Gies. B. C. i, 67: 
 esp. in the senate, Cic. : v. to resolve, 
 DETERMINE. Phr.: each must j- for 
 himself, sun cuique judicio est utendum, 
 Cic N. I). }, I, I ; suuin judicium ad- 
 hibere, ib. 1,5,10: to j. of others by 
 oneself, de se conjecturam facere, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, -74, 299. 
 
 between : dyudico, i : Cic 
 
 Caes. 
 
 judgment : I. fn legal sense : 
 
 1. jfuiicium : to sit in j.. J. exercere, 
 Cic. Arcli. extr. : also, a legal decision : 
 to give j. in accordance with the edict, 
 j. ex edicto d.ire, C'C. Kl. };. 88; to re- 
 ceive, submit, to it, j. accipere, id. Quint. 
 20, 6?. 2. arbitrium (decision (fan 
 
 arbiter): v. Dr. Smith's Lat. Diet. «. ». 
 
 JULY 
 
 To fironounce j., jus dicere, Cic. Fam. | 
 I J, 14; judicare : v. to jcdgk (I.) ||. [ 
 The lose jwlymeid : suninium illud s. i 
 extremum judicium, Lact. 2, 12; "J, 26. ] 
 (R. and A.) |||. Any opinion uhich 
 
 is the result of omsideraliim : 1. 
 
 jiidlcium : it was alu ays my j., meum 
 semper j. fuit, Cic. Tiisc i, i, I : the j. 
 of the multitude, niultltudinis j., ib. 2, 
 26, 6i. 2. seiitentia: v. opinion. 3. 
 very oft. expr. by judico, existlmo, 
 censeo: this is my j.. ita judico, statuo, 
 censeo, etc.: v. to judge (II.). |V. 
 
 The faculty of judging : 1, judicium : 
 to use one's oun j, suum j. ailhibere, 
 Cic. N. D. I, 5, 10 to possets very keen 
 j., peracre j. lial)ere, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 
 ad med. ; acri magnoque esse J., cf. Plin. 
 I. 22, J. 2. acute j., sublilitas judi- 
 caiidi, Wjrttenb. in Kr. See also pru- 
 dence, SAGA<ri V. 
 
 judgment-day: novissima ilia dies, 
 dies extreini Jmlitii cf. I.act. 7, 26. 
 
 judgment-hall: praetOiium (where 
 the pruel'ir or governor sat) : Vulg. 
 Matt, xxvii. 27. 
 
 judicature: \. Judicial power : 
 jurisdiclio : v. JUKISDICTION. To have 
 thej.. jus dicere, Cic. Fam. ij, 14. ||, 
 Those exercising such power: v. court 
 (V., VI.). 
 
 judicial : I. Pertair.ing to the 
 
 mlministial ion if justice: 1. expr. 
 
 by judicium : j. pioceediugs, judicia j. 
 eitstom.consueiudojudicioruni: v. trial, 
 couKT (VI.). 2. Jiidicialls, e- Cic. 
 3. judiciarius (ccninected vith the 
 judicia) : j. gains (b) ibery), quaestus j , 
 Cic. Clu. 26. 72. 4. fSrensis (reViting 
 to the tiar) : v. forensic ||, Inllicteii 
 as a judgment : Phr.: j. blindness, *ea 
 caecilas quae non solum i)eciatuni est 
 sed et poena peccati (R. and A., based 
 on S. Aug.) ; *caecitas Divini nuuiinis 
 V index. 
 
 judiciallr : lege. Jure : V. LAW. 
 
 judicious : 1. sapiens : a moderate 
 and j. regulation, modica et s. Unipe- 
 ratio, Cic Leg. J, 7. extr.: so used as 
 surname of C. I^jtelius, C. F., " the judi- 
 cious or prudent : " cf. Hnr. S. 2, 4, 44. 
 2. acri s. subtili judicio (in matte) s 
 of criticism or taste) : v. juwiment 
 (IV.) See also prudknt. sagacious. 
 
 judiciously : 1. sapienter : v. 
 
 wisely. 2. acri, maguo judicio : Plin. 
 Ep. I, 22. }. See also prudently. 
 
 judiciousness : prudentim consilium 
 (prudf nee and sagacity in widest sense) : 
 
 V. PRUDENCE, SAGACrTY'. 
 
 jug : urceus ; dimin. urceOlus : v. 
 
 PITCHER. 
 
 juggle (subs.") : V. JUGGLrSG. 
 
 juggle (<-•■) •• praestigias agere (K. 
 and A.). 
 
 juggler : 1. praestigiator : Sen. Ep. 
 4;. 7 ■ T'l. : Varr. 2. planus (an itine- 
 7 ant of a low order ; a ragabond, cheat) : 
 V. IMPOSTOR. (For which also, circula- 
 tor. Sen. Ben. 6, 11, l=mouptebank.) 
 3, pilarius, ventilator (player if 
 tricks with balls, etc.) : Quint. 10, 7,11. 
 
 jugglery ' praestigiae, arum : v. 
 
 juggling < TRICK. 
 
 jugular : the j. vHn, vena jiigularis ; 
 Med. t. t. (K. and A.). 
 
 juice : siicus or succus : to expi-ess 
 the j.s of herbs, heibsirum sucos ex- 
 primere, "I'etr. 88 : the j. of tin; grape, 
 s. uvae, Tib. I, 10, 47 : in wider sense. 
 to draiv in their j.s from the earth (ot 
 plants), ex terra sucum irahere, Cic. N. I ). 
 2, 47, 120. 
 
 juiciness: expr. by sucus: v. pre- 
 ced. art. (Sucositas, late and rare: Coel. 
 Aur.) 
 
 juicy : 1. sucosas (succ.) : a tliick, 
 j. root, radix crassa, s., Plin. 25,9,70: 
 j. soil, s. solum. Col. : I'lin. 2. siicldus 
 (rare, and chiefly of a kind of wool) : 
 Apul.: I'l 3. suci plenus: Ter. 
 
 Eun. 2, !, 26. 
 
 jujube : zizyphum (the fruit) : Plin. 
 15, 14, 14: the tree, zizyphus, Col.: 
 Pall. 
 
 July (men.sis) Quintilis : Cic. : Hor. : 
 after Julius Caesar, (mensis) Julius: 
 Mart 
 
 JUST 
 
 jumble (o-) ■• misteo, p«-rnuBcec ; con- 
 fundo : v. TO MIX, CONFUSK. The sense 
 may be more exactly expr. by adding 
 temere, passim, cf. Cic. Inv. i, 54, 58, 
 di'mus quae temere et nullo consilio ad- 
 ministratur (where there is no order, but 
 everything is jumbled up together). 
 
 jumble (subs.) : (.') congeries, ei : d 
 Ov. Mel. I, n: *res temere ac sine 
 ordine permixtae. 
 
 jump (".) : salio ; with comps. de- 
 silio, consilio, etc.: v. to leap. 
 
 jumn (subs.): saltus, us : v. leap. 
 
 junc'tion : I. -<c' of joining : con 
 junctio, junctio : v. ionjunction, (xiN- 
 NKXioN. Phr.: to efftct a j. with the 
 army of anoUier, cum alicujus copiis se 
 conjungere. Plane, in Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 
 extr : Caes. B.G. i, iT.Jin. : also, ronjungi 
 alicui, Llv. 27, 46, yin.; juiigi (absol. of 
 the j. of two armies). Id. 25. J5, init 
 II. (if rivers: v. CONFLUENCE. 
 
 juncture: >• e. particular time: 
 tempus, tempestas : v. emeb<.ency, 
 
 CRISIS. 
 
 June : (mensis) .Itinius : Cic. : Ov. 
 
 jungle : *locus uliginosus et virgultU 
 ol>itus. 
 
 junior : 1. jiinior (In special sense, 
 denoting a legal limit of yeart) : centu- 
 rie.< of senvns and j s, centuriae seni- 
 orum ac j.. Liv. 1. 4?, init. 2. minor 
 with or without natu (in ordinary use): 
 he is (mi) j. by a very few years, est 
 minor pauculis annis, I'lin. Ep. i, 14, 3 
 
 V. YTJING. 
 
 juniper : junipgrus : virg. : Plin 
 J.-berries, *junipera, orum (ace. to ana 
 l..gy). 
 
 junk : navigium, navis (gen. term), 
 
 junket: v. ssveetmeat. 
 
 juridical : Juridi, us : Plin. 
 
 jurisconsult : jurisconsultus(Ictus): 
 Cic. : liell. : v. lawyer. 
 
 jurisdiction: jurisdictio: Cic: Sen. 
 Join (sub) jus, jurisdiciionem, potes- 
 tatem, Cic. Agr. 2, ?6, 98. Phr.: to 
 exerc'sej, jus dicere, Cic Fam. I ?, 14, 
 
 jurisprudence: jiirisprudemia (as 
 science): Ulp. Dig. I, I, 10: Just Inst 
 init.: in Cic, as two words, de Or. i, 
 60, 256 (but prudentia juris may also 
 denote knonleilge of the snhjeii, sub- 
 jcciively) also, simply prudentia. Just. 
 Inst prooem $2. Phr.: kmncUdge of 
 j., juris (civilis, publici) scientia, cf. Cic. 
 Sen. 4, 12: thoroughly acquainted with 
 j., peritus, periiissimus juris (civilis), 
 legum Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 171. etc. ; juris 
 legumque peritus, Hor. S. 1, i, 9. 
 
 jurist : 1. jurisconsultus : ct. Just 
 Inst 1. 7, 8 (a title conferred on certain 
 persons authorized to ex/mund the law). 
 2. jurisprudeiis, ntis (prudens in 
 jure ci'vili, Cic \m. J, 6): Lip. Dig. J8, 
 1 5, 2 ^ 5 : Papin. Also simply, prudens. 
 Just. Inst. I. 2. 8. 
 
 juror : jrulex, icis : Cic passim. Tht 
 body (fj.s, consilium. Cic. : v. full, art 
 jury: judices : v. preced. art Phr.: 
 to be on the j., in consilio esse, Cic. Div. 
 Verr. 4, i j. 
 
 just (i^lj ) •■ 1. Ji"''"s ■ f'^es. : Cic 
 (passim) : a j. war, l>el!um j. piumque, 
 Liv. 9, 8, med ; also. )■. purnm pium- 
 que. id. I, J2. aJ fin. (helium jusiutn is 
 a uar begun with due furmaliti/) : so. 
 to enter on a j war, pia ac jusia indnere 
 arma, Liv. jo, ji, ad med. 2. aequug 
 (fair, impartial) : a j. and irisc pro'tor, 
 praetor ae. et sapiens, Cic Verr. 4, 65, 
 146. Oft. in phr., aequum et bonuni. 
 Cic. Br. iS, exlr. 3. venis (rare in 
 this sense; and mostly in neut. sing. 
 wiih esse, as pre<licate): to be j. and 
 right. V. ac rectum esse, Cic. Leu. j. 15, 
 54 : V. RIGHT (adj.). 4. nierltus : Cic. . 
 
 V. DESERVED. 
 
 just (adv.) : I. '>"f"y- . 1 
 
 expr. by ipse, with a subs. (L G.} J76) 
 j. at the very nick of time, in tempore 
 ipso, Ter. Andr 5, 6, 10: esp. with nu- 
 merals, j. thirty days, triginta dies ipsl, 
 Cic Att. ;, 21. 2. niaxime (usu. witb 
 ref. to time) : j. as he was s/iealnng thus 
 haec quum m. loqueretur, Cic. Verr ; 
 54, 142 j. lately, iiuper m.. Caes. B. C 
 J. 9. (So PI. uses maximum : it is j 
 4l->
 
 JUSTICE 
 
 KEENNESS 
 
 KEEP 
 
 time that tempus maximum est 
 
 ut ). 3. commSdum (of time 
 
 only) : yoM had j. left yesterday when 
 
 c. heri discesseras, quum (with 
 
 indie.), Cic. Att. i j, 9 : PI. : Gell. 4. 
 admSdum (rare) : the month of February 
 having j. expired, exacto admodum 
 mense F., Liv. 4J, 11, m^d. 5. 'n ph""-. 
 just as, pgrinde (proinde), ac, ut, quasi : 
 not j. as I liad thought, non p. atque ego 
 putaram, Cic. Att. 16, 5, j: with sulij. 
 :=just as if, perinde (al. proinde) ac 
 vellent, Caes. B. C. ?, 60: with ut — 
 just as, in proportion as, Cic. de Or. J, 
 5&, init. (There can be no doubt that 
 proinde in this constr. = perinde: cf. 
 Caes. B. C. 3, i, proinde aestimans ac si : 
 proinde quasi, just as if, is frequent: 
 Cic. Mil. ji, 84: Ter.) 6. in phr. j. 
 so, in answers: ita plane, ita prorsus 
 exist imo. prorsus isto modo: cf. Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 5 and 6. ||. Only: 1. mSdo 
 (with imperat.) = do but hush I just 
 listen! st, tace; ausculta modo, PI.: cf. 
 Cic. Div. Verr. 14,46, vide modo; eliam 
 atque etiam considera. 2. quin, with 
 indie. (= imperat.) : j. hold your tongue, 
 quin taces ! Ter. Andr. 2, j, 2? : j. let us 
 mount, quin consccndimus equos, Liv. 
 •• 57- III. I" phi", j- non; i. e. a few 
 m/yments ago : mbdo : cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 
 6, nuper. ...quid dico, nuper ? immo 
 vero, modo, ac plane pauUo ante : Phaedr. 
 
 1, 9, 9 . I'er. Andr. i. 2, 2. IV. Wjth 
 prep, before or after, denoting cUise 
 proximity in time : sub (with ace.) : de- 
 noting neaj-ness in time, before or after : 
 j. about (j. before') nightfall, sub noc- 
 tem, Caes. B. G. i, 28: cf. Hor. .S. i, i, 
 lo, sub galli cantum: cf. Dr. Smirh's 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. sub (II.). V. -^'«'- 
 rowly ; liardly : vix, vixdum : v. 
 
 SCARCELY. 
 
 justice: 1. .iustitia (both as ab- 
 stract notion and moral qualitj'): Cic. 
 Fin. 5, 25 (definition of justice) : the j. 
 of Aristides, j. Aristidis, Nep. Ar. 2. 
 Join . justitiaet aequitaset iunocentia, 
 Nep. I.e. : cf. INTEGRITY'. 2. aequitas: 
 the goodness and j. of a cause, bonitas 
 et aeq. causae, Cic. Att. 16, 16, B: v. 
 FAIRNESS. (Aequitas often includes the 
 notion ofconsiderateness, courtesy.) 3. 
 expr. by neut. of Justus, aequus : es^. in 
 part. gen. : cf. L. U. } 270, obs. I. 
 P h r. : extreme j. (is) extreme injustice, 
 summum jus sunima injuria, Prov. in 
 Cic. Off. I, 10, } J ; so Ter., summum jus 
 saepe summa malitia est, Heaut. 4, 5, 
 48 ; and Col., summum jus antiqui pu- 
 tabant summam crucem, prol. lib. 7. 
 
 justiciary: perh.summus judex: v. 
 
 JUDGE. 
 
 justifiable: excusatus: v. EXCUSA- 
 BLE. P h r. : to prnnounce a verdict of 
 j. homicide, hominem recte ac Jure oc- 
 cisum judicare, cf. Cic. Mil. j, 8. 
 
 justifiableness : expr. by recte, 
 Jure fieri: cf. Cic. Mil. ?, 8. 
 
 justifiably : 1. jure : opp. to in- 
 juria, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, i;o. Join: 
 recte ac jure : v. justifiable. 2. 
 cum causa ; justa causS : cf. Cic. Verr. 
 
 2, I, 8, init. See also excusably. 
 justification: I. rite act of clear- 
 ing from guilt or blame: 1. pur- 
 gatio: Cic. Inv. i, 11, 15: Ter. Heaut. 
 4, I, 12. 2. sStisfactio (an explana- 
 tion of conduct that may appear extra- 
 ordinary) : cf. Sail. Cat. i$. (Or expr. by 
 verb : V. to justify.) ||. As theol. 
 t. t.: justificatio : Vulg. ; Corp. Confess. 
 
 justifier: expr. by verb: Vulg. 
 Rom. iii. 26 : v. foil. art. 
 
 justify : I. ^0 /''^« frotn blame : 
 1. purgo, I : in order to j. them- 
 selves, sul purgandi causa, Caes. B. G. 6, 
 9 (but the notion differs slightly from 
 that of the Eng. : purgo is to remote 
 suspiHon of actual wrong, rather than 
 to maintain the propriety of conduct 
 that has been impugned): Cic. 2. 
 approbo, i (to make out to be good) : cf. 
 Tac. A. 15, 59, med., posteris mortem 
 approbare: also id. Agr. 42, in appro- 
 banda excusatione. 3. exciiso, i : v. 
 TO BxctsE. II. As theol. t. t.: justi- 
 C.CO, 1 : Vulg. : Tert. Corp. Confess. 
 .^28 
 
 justly : 1. juste : Cic. : Hor. 2. 
 JQr6 (of that which is done ivith law and 
 reason on one's side) : j. to punish any 
 one, j. in aliquem animadvertere, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 8, 19: cf. justifiably. (Juste 
 regnare is to reign with justice; jure 
 regnare, to be rightfully ruler.) 3. 
 
 legitime (according to the laws) : 
 Join: juste et legitime, Cic. Off. 1,4, 
 I?. 4. merlto : v. deservedly. 
 
 Phr. : to judge j., ex aequo et bono 
 judicare, Cic. Caec. 2}, 65. 
 
 justness : expr. by Justus : v. just ; 
 justice. 
 
 jut ("•) : usu. to j. out : 1. pro- 
 curro, i and ciicurri, rsum, ; : to j. out 
 into the sea uith thr':r crays, tribus 
 scopulis p. in aequor, Ov. F. 4, 419 (de 
 Sicilia) : I'lin. Kp. : v. jutting. 2. 
 promineo, ui, 2: v. to puojkct. 3. 
 exsto, I (to stick out ; esp. of that wh ich 
 is embedded in something) : v. to pro- 
 ject. 
 
 jutting {adj.): 1. procurrens, 
 ntis: j. rocks, p. saxa, Virg. Aen. 5, 
 204. 2. projectus : a city j. out into 
 the deep, urbs p. in allum, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 10, init. : Virg. 
 
 juvenile: Jtivenilis, pugillls (of 
 childhood and the period just beyond 
 
 it) : V. YOUTHFUL, CHILDtSH. 
 
 juvenility : e-^pr- by adj. -. there is 
 a j. about this speech, *huic oratloni in- 
 est juvenile quoddara atque imniatu- 
 rum: cf. Cic. Br. C)\,fin. (Juvenilitas 
 in fr. of Varr. = youth.) 
 
 juxtaposition: expr. by circuml. 
 with pono, appono : v. TO place. See 
 also position. 
 
 E. 
 
 KALE: crambe: v. cabbaor. 
 kaleidoscope : *kaieidosc6pus 
 qui dicitur. 
 
 kaleudar : v. calendar, 
 
 Kalif : *Chalifus (Kr.). 
 
 Kalifate : Chaliiatus, us (Kr.). 
 
 kangaroo : *halmaiurus, lUig. (Kr.). 
 
 keel: carina: Caes.: Liv, To lay 
 the k. of a vessel, navem (caring) fun- 
 dare, cf. Ov. Pont. I, J, 5. 
 
 keen : 1. acer, cris, ere (in most 
 applications) : k. winter, a. hiems, Hor. 
 Od. 1,4, I : the k.est of all the senses, 
 acerriiuus ex omnibus sensibus, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 87, J57. 2. persplcax (sJiaip, 
 penetrating) : flow k. he is about all 
 these things, ad has res quam sit p., Ter. 
 Heaut. 2. i, 129. Join: astutus, per- 
 spicax, ib. 5, i, l ; acutus et persplcax, 
 Cic. Off. I, 28, 100. 3. subtilis, e 
 (fine, subtle, discriminating) : k. cri- 
 ticism, s. judicium, Cic. Fam. 1 5, 6. 4. 
 sagax (keen-scented ; fig. shreivd) : very 
 k. in suspecting, sagacissimus ad suspi- 
 candum, Cic. Cat. i, 8, 19. 5. acerbus 
 (cutting, painful) : k. grief, luctus a. 
 Tib. 2, 6, 41. Phr.: to form very k. 
 cotijectures about the future, callidissime 
 de futuris conjicere, Nep. Them, i : to 
 have a very k. sense of smell, sagacissime 
 olfacere, Pliu. 11, 37, 50. See also 
 
 acute, POIGNANT. 
 
 keenly : 1. sSgadter (esp. of the 
 sense of smell) : to smeU out as k. as 
 possible (fig), odorari quam sagacissime 
 possim, Cic. de Or. 2, 44, i86: so, s. per- 
 spieere, Suet. Tib. 57 : cf. preced. art. 
 fin. 2. subtillter (finely, subtly) : 
 Cic. Verr. 4. 57, 127 (s. judicare). 3. 
 acute : v. acutely'. 4. perspicaciter 
 (rare) Amm. 5, acerhe (poignantly): 
 to be most k. distressed about a thing, de 
 aliqua re acerbissime afflictari, Cic. Att. 
 11, I. Phr.: this Caesar felt very k., 
 quod Caesari acerbissimum fuit, Flor. i, 
 10, med. : this remark Jugurtha felt 
 more k. than one ivould have thought, 
 quod verbum in pectus Jugurthaealtius 
 quam quisquam ratus desceudit. Sail. 
 
 Jug. II. 
 
 keenness: 1. sagacitas: strictly, 
 of scent, s. narium, Cic. N. D. 2. 6}, 158: 
 also, of the mind, Cic. : Nep. ■ v. saga- 
 city, shrewdness. 2. sublilitas (One- 
 
 ness of discrimination ; ingenuity) : le. 
 of intellect, s. mentis, Plin. 11, i"), 77 : 
 
 v. ACUTENE.SS, INGENUITY. 3. perspi- 
 
 cicitas (sharp-sightedness) : Cic. Att. I, 
 18,9 (fig.). 4. aceTbitSiS (poignancy 
 of distress) : to endure the utmost k. of 
 suffering, omnes acerbitates, omnes do- 
 lores cruciatusque perferre, Cic. Cat. 4, 
 init. Phr.: such k. of intellect, tanta 
 ingenii acies, Cic. Ac. 2, J9, init. He« 
 
 also SHARPNESS. 
 
 keen-scented : sagax : Ov. Met 11, 
 
 599: v. KEEN (4). 7'o 6e fc., sagire, sentire 
 acute [acutis naribus esse], Cic. Div. I, 
 }i, init. ■ cf. KEEN (fin.). 
 
 keen-sighted: persplcax: v. keen 
 
 (2). 
 
 keen-sigbtedness : perspicacltas : 
 
 v. KKENNESS (3). 
 
 keep (''■): A. Trans.: |. To 
 hold ; not to Ut go : 1. tgneo, ul, 
 ntum, 2 : to k. a position, locum t., Caes. 
 B. C. I, 44, extr.: v. to hold, retain. 
 So comps. (1.) contineo (stronger than 
 teneo : to k. hold upon) : to seize more 
 easily than to Ic, expeditius rapere quam 
 c. Curt. 4, 1 1, med. : to k. in allegiance, 
 in fide c, Liv. 28, 2, fin. -. to k. employed, 
 in exercitatione c, Cic. Fam. 7, 19. (2.) 
 reiineo (esp. as opp. to the notion of 
 sending away, giving up) : to k. legions 
 near the capital, [reservare ct] r. le- 
 giones ad urbem, Caes. B. C. 1, 2 : to k. 
 to allegiance, in fide r., Liv. 25, 40, med. : 
 Cic. (3.) attineo (rare in this sense): 
 Tac. 2. servo, i (esp. in danger or 
 difficulty) : to k. rank, s. ordines, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 26 : very often with reference to 
 moral obligation : Caes. : Cic. : v. infr. 
 (III.). So comps. (1.) asservo, i (esp. 
 to k. in custody) : to be kept in prison, 
 in carcerem asservarl, Liv. 8, 20. vied.: 
 also, a. aliquem vinctum, Ter. Andr. 5, 
 2, 24 ; or simply, asscrvare, Cic. Verr. j, 
 22, 55. (2.) conservo, i (strengthened 
 from servo): to k. (their) original tem^ 
 per towards the Roman people, prlsti- 
 num animum erga P. K. cons., Liv. ji. 
 2 : esp. with ref. to obligation (v. infr. 
 v.). (3.) reservo, i : v. to reseb\ z. 3. 
 custodio, 4 (under watch and -d): 
 Fig.: to k. a book 7tiost carefully li- 
 brum diligentissime c, Cic. Bam 6, ?. 
 4. habeo, 2 (laying less stress oa 
 the idea of retention ; esp. to have in a 
 certain state) : to k. any one blockaded, 
 aliquem in obsidione h., Caes. B. G. J. 
 ii to k. in one's power, in potestatem 
 (al. potestate) h., Caes. B. C. 1, 25 : 
 Sail.: to k. sick patients in the dark, 
 aegros in tenebris b., Cels. j, 18, od init. 
 Esp. in phr., sibi secum h., to k. to one- 
 self, Cic. Ph. 2, 28, 69 : fig. of keeping 
 a close secret, id. Fam. 7, 25. So c6- 
 hibeo (stronger than simple verb, and 
 implying restraint) : k. yourselves in- 
 doors, cohibete intra limen vos, PI. : v. 
 TO restrain. ||. To store m^ ; condo, 
 rgcondo, custodio : v. to store, pre- 
 sei{\ E. Ill, To support, preserve, 
 servo, conservo : v. to preserve. |y , 
 To have, rear animals: J. alo, ui, 
 turn, } : to k. hounds, a. cane.i ad ve- 
 nandum, Ter. Andr. i, i, jo: Varr.. 
 Non. 2. pasco, pavi, pastum, j: tok. 
 nags, grooms, caballos, calones p., Hor. 
 S. I. 6, 104: Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14; Juv. 
 (Alo Includes the breeding and rearing 
 of animals: pasco denotes simply the 
 supplying of them, with food.) y. 
 Fig.: to observe, adhere to : 1. servo, 
 I : to k. faith, one's promise, fidem s., 
 Caes. B.G. 6, {6; promissa s., Cic. Off. I, 
 10, ?2.- to k. the commandments, mandata 
 s., Vulg. Matt. xLx. 17. In same sense, 
 conservo : to k. an oath, Jusjurandum c, 
 Cic. Off. J, 28, loj : tok.a late, legem c. 
 Quint. 9, 2, 8j. 2. custodio, 4 (to keep 
 carefully : not in Cic.) : to k. a rule, re- 
 gulam c. Quint, i, 7, i : Col. 3. ex- 
 solvo, solvi, sOlutum, } (to discharge an 
 obligatimi): to k. an oath, a promise, 
 jusjurandum exsolvere, Liv. 24, 18 ; 
 fidem ex., id. 26, il, fin. VI. 1° phr., 
 to k. accounts: tabula.s conficere, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, i, 2} : also, codicem instituerc, 
 conscribere, id. R. Com. 2,6. Mi so ell. 
 Phr.: to k. one's tied (from, sicknasy
 
 KEEP APART 
 
 KEY 
 
 KIND 
 
 jacere, cubare (v. ii.i., to bk) ; from in- 
 clinatum, U^clulo (lecto) contineri, I'liii. 
 Ep. }, I, 4: to k. miK's kouse.dotni se 
 retinere, Nep. Kpani. lo: to k. a school, 
 docerc, Suci.. Gr. pass. ; scholam tui-ri, 
 Jb. i: k. a thing secret, celare, wiih 
 double ace. (v. to kkkp back) ; to k. the 
 compani/ nailing, convivas -norari, Ter. 
 Heaut. I, I, uo: to k. a liay as an an- 
 nual holiday, festum diera anniversa- 
 rlum agere, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, exir. : in 
 same sense, agitare, Cic. ib. 2, 6?, 154 
 (v. TO obskbvk). See also foil. artl. 
 B. In Iran 8.: |. To remain 
 
 without bfing spoiled ; 1, expr. by 
 servo ( pass.) : all these k. well, with the 
 tame mo'le of preserving, baec omnia 
 una Cunditura commode scrvantnr, Col. 
 12. 7- 2. diiro, I : to k. through the 
 winter (of Knipes), d. per hicmes, I'lin. 
 I4i I. Ji 5 l6- So, grapes tliot will k. 
 through the xvinter, uvae hieniis tem- 
 poribus d'.irabiles. Col. i, 2, init. ||, 
 To remain : q. v. See also foil. artt. 
 keep apart: dlsUneo, 2: Caes. B. G. 
 
 4. n; l.iv. 
 
 away : v. to keep off. 
 
 back : I. To prevent from 
 
 advancing : cftbiboo, 2 : v. to restkain. 
 Phr. : tok. back soldiers from lighting, 
 milites a proelio coniinere, Caes. B. G. i, 
 15 : so, retinere, Id. B. C. 2, i ?. See also 
 TO HOLD IN. II, To retain in otiC's 
 
 possession: 1, rftineo, 2: to coticeal 
 and k. back part, partem celare atque r., 
 Caes. B. G. 2, J2, extr.: PI.: v. to re- 
 TAra 2. fraudo, i (to appropriate 
 dishimestly) : v. to defraud. |||, To 
 withhold a secret: 1. celo. i: v. to 
 conceal. 2. reticeo, 2: to k. back 
 nothing, nihil r., PI. Men. 5, 9, 47 : Cic. ; 
 Sail. 
 
 company : congrego, i (with 
 
 pron. reji., or as fioss. reji.) : Cic. : I'lin. 
 
 down : reprlmo, comprimo : v. 
 
 TO repress. 
 
 in : V. TO coNprsE. 
 
 — — off: I. Trans. : 1. arceo, 
 2 (usu. with ace. and abl, with prep, or 
 alone : or absol.) : to k. off rain, k. off 
 the forces of the enemy, pluvias, copias 
 hostium a., Cic. Miir. 9, 22 : Plin. : opp. 
 to ducere (sornnos), Ov. Met. 2, 7?;. 
 2. defendo, j : Cic : v. to ward 
 OFF. 3. pr^hibeo, 2 (esp. in milit. 
 sense) : to k. the pirates from {molest- 
 ing) Sicily, praedones ab Sicilia p., Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 64, Jin. Caes.: see also to pro- 
 tect. 4. propulso, I (to tvard off, 
 repel: q. v.) : to k. the lieat off from the 
 roots, vapoies radicibus p., Col. j, 1 5, ad 
 fm. 5. abstineo, 2 (implying theclose 
 proximity of that which is kept off) : to 
 k. the hands off (any on<), manuni abs., 
 Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 6 : see also to abstain. 
 6. depello. J: V. to drive away 
 (4). II. I n t r a n s. : abstineo, 2 (esp. 
 with pron. refl.): v. to abstain, in 
 impeiat., k. ojff'. protul cste 1 Virg. Aen. 
 6, 258. 
 
 together : contineo, 2 : Cic. : 
 
 Liv. 
 
 up: I, To maintain: tucor, 
 
 2 : cf. Nep. I'hoc. I, tueri gloriam pater- 
 nam, to keep it up, uphold it: Cic. 
 Join: tueri atque conservaro, Cic. : v. 
 to maintain. II. To prevent from 
 desponding : Phr.: to k. one's courage 
 up, animo erecto esse, Cic. Dciot. i j, }6 
 (less colloq. than the Kng.) : v. to en- 
 courage, chkeb. III. Intrans.: not 
 to fall behind : expr. by subsf quor, per- 
 sequor (with object expr.J : v. toll. art. 
 
 keep UP (pace) witn : 1. p^r- 
 
 sequor, cfilus, }: by rapidity of wnting 
 to k. t(p u-ith a speaker, celerilate scri- 
 bendi quae dicuntur p., Cic. Sull. 14, 42 : 
 more freq. = to overtake. 2. ^ub- 
 sequor, j : milit. t. t., to k. up vith the 
 standards, sigiia s., Caes. B. G. 4, 26. 
 
 Phr.: to k. pace with pariter ire, 
 
 Quint. I, I, 14: cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 20;, 
 pariter ad litora tendunt. 
 
 keep (subs.) : arx : v. citadel. 
 
 keeper: 1. custos, odis, c. (fm- 
 
 $ecurity) : Cic: Hor. : v. guardian. 
 Also in wider sense, tlie k. of gardens, 
 C. hortonim, Suet. Cai. 59: Cic. 2. 
 
 aeditiius, /. -a; also, aeditimus, -umus 
 (of a temple: the M.S.S. fluctuate Ije- 
 tween the forms): Cic. : Varr. Join: 
 aedilu: (al. aedilumi) custodesque, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 44, 96. 3. pastor (of ani- 
 mal.':) : k. oj peacocks, p. pavoiium, 
 Varr. 4. (?) saltuiirius (of forests; so 
 perh. of game) : Pelr. : I)lg. 
 
 keeping (subs.) : |. charge, pro- 
 tection : 1 tulela : to have the k. of 
 a gate, t. Januae gereie, I'l. True. 2. 1, 
 extr. : the k. ofanimah, t. pecudum, Col. 
 9, pref. ^ I. 2. custodia (secure k.) : 
 I put myself in your k., in tuam c. me 
 trado, I'l. Most. 2, i, 59 : the k. of the 
 ( Vestal) fire, c. ignis, Cic. I.eg. 2, I2, 29. 
 
 3. cfua (esp. of animaU requiring 
 attentiou) : the k. of oxen, cura lx)um, 
 Virg. G. T, }: Col.: v. charge (IV.). 
 
 4. expr. by verb : for the k. of 
 cattle, habendo pecori, Virg. G. i, } 
 concerning the k. of birds, de avibiis 
 alendis, etc. : v. to keep (IV.). ||, 
 Congruily : Phr.; to be in k., convgnio, 
 congruo : things in k. vAth ewh otlu^, 
 convenientia sibi, Hor. A. P. 119: cto 
 these things seem to be in k. u-ilh a wed- 
 ding, num videntur convenire haec 
 nuptiis? I'er. Andr. 2, 2, 29. Join: 
 con^ruere et convenire, Cic. : v. to 
 
 A<i K EE. 
 
 keeping, in : conveniens, congruens, 
 congruus: v. agreeing, sditable. Cf. 
 preced. art. (II.). 
 
 keepsake: monunKntum s. plgims 
 amoris, Virg. Aen. 5, 518; monumenium 
 sui, ib. 572: *donum memoriae causa 
 datum, ucceptum (Kr.). 
 
 keg : ^'- barrel. 
 
 ken (subs.) : conspectus : v. sight. 
 
 kennel: cuWle, is. n.-. Phaedr. I, 
 19, 9 : used by Varr. (2, 9), cf the litter 
 in which dogs lie : also, tugurium 
 (strictly, a hut), Phaedr. I. c. v. 4 (*sta- 
 bulum caiiinum, Kr.). 
 
 kerb-stone: perh. crgpido, Inis, /. 
 (an elevated edge or ba.sement of stone) : 
 to stand on the k., in c. semitae stare, 
 Petr. 9, init. : to pare a rooul and lay 
 k.s, viam cum crepidinibns sternere, 
 Inscr. in Forcell. I'hr : to put k.s to a 
 road, viam niarginare, Liv. 41, 27. med. 
 
 kerchief: sudanum. v. handker- 
 chief. 
 
 kermes: 1. vemilculus (strictly 
 the insect itself): Vulg. Kx. xxxv. 20: 
 Hier. 2. coccum (the dye) : Hor. : 
 Mart.: V. scarlet. The k. oak, *quer- 
 cus coccifera (Linn). 
 
 kernel : \.Ofa fruit .- nucleus : 
 PI.: Pliu. In fig. sense, medulla: v. 
 marrow. II. A concretion, resem- 
 
 bling a k. : glandium : PI. Cure. 2, J, 
 44: Plin. 
 
 kernelly : glandiilosus (of flesh) .- 
 Col. •;, 9, init. 
 
 kestrel: tinnunciilus (.') : Plin.: Col. 
 (*Kalco tinnuncuhis, Linn.) 
 
 ketchup: *jus ex fungis pratensi- 
 bus (agaricis campestribus, Linn.). 
 
 kettle: oUa; Ifibes, etis,/. : Isid. 20, 
 8 ("de vasis cuquinariis ") : see also 
 caldron. 
 
 kettle-drum : *tynipanum aeneum 
 ma,)oris formae. 
 
 key: I. •■■it. : of a door, etc.: 
 cl."ivis, is, /. : /ate k.s, c. adulterinae. 
 Sail. Jug. 12 : to be kept under lock and. 
 k., sub clavi esse, Varr. K. R. i, 22, 
 extr. : to keep under lock and k„ (?) clavi 
 servare, cf. Hor. Od. 2, 14, 26. See also 
 to lock up. II. Fig.: that which 
 serves to explain something : nearest 
 word perh. ansa (a handle) : v. ci.rE. 
 To get the k. to anything, causam all- 
 cnjus rei cognoscere, Sail. Cat. 2?: so, 
 causam indicare (to furnish it); but 
 both expr. imply fuller infoi-matioti 
 than the Kng. See also to explain. 
 Ill, In music: *signum; clavis(Kr.). 
 IV. 1" niilit. sense, the k. to a posi- 
 liim : 1. claustra, orum : to put the 
 k. to a place in any one's possession, 
 claustra loci committere alicui, Cic. 
 Verr, 5, J2. 84: to /orni the k. to a 
 country (of Corinth), c. locorum tenere, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, Jl, 87. 2. angustlae 
 
 (fauces) qu.ie adituin aperiunt ad ali- 
 
 quam terram : cf. Curt. }, 4, ad init. 
 3. janua: Cic. Mur. 15, jj. 4, 
 cardo, inis, c. (the central point on which 
 movements are made to turn) : of. Liv. 
 41. I, .\nconanj velut cardinera habere. 
 
 keyhole : •Riramen in quo clavi« 
 inseritur. 
 
 keynote : (?) proslamb^OmSnos, i : 
 Vilr. ;, 4, 5. 
 
 keystone : (•') condusiira : Vilr. 6, 
 u (3). so Kr. and yuiih. Phr: to be 
 bound bi/ the k., medio saxo alligari, 
 .Sen. (in Q.). 
 
 kibe : pernio, onis, m. : Piin. li, 
 i, r,. 
 
 kick (O: 1. caldtro, i (rare): 
 Plin. Fig.: to resist, b^ stalil/uin : cf. 
 Cic. Coel. 15, _^n., calcitral, re.spult. So, 
 rCcalcitro, lit. to k out behind, Hor. S. 
 2, I, 20 (fig). 2. expr. by cilx. calces, 
 and a verb: e. g., calces remittere (to 
 Jling out the heels). Nep. Eum. 5 ; calce 
 petcre (aliquem), Hor. S. 2, i, ??; ferire, 
 Ov. F. ?, 755; caedere, I'l. Poen. j, j, 
 71 ; contundere (violen tl i)), I'liaedr. i. 
 21, 9. Phr.: to k. against the. goad, 
 stimulos pugnls caedere. Pi. True. 4, 2, 
 59 ; contra stimulum calcitrare, Vulg. 
 Act. ix. $: Amm. ; adversus stimuluiit 
 calcare, Tert. 
 
 kicking (s "<>»•) •■ calcltratus,a8: Plin. 
 
 kicking (odj')-. 1. calcilro, onis, 
 n. : a k. horse, equus c., Ijibeo in Gell. 
 ^,2, init.: Varr. 2. cali-ilrosus; CoL 
 2, l.fin.: Ulp. Dig. 
 
 kid: haedus, i, m.: Cic: Virg.: Hor 
 Oimin. haedQlus, Juv. : also, haedulea, 
 /., Hor. Od. I, 17, 9. Belonging to a k., 
 kids', haedinus e. g. haedinae pel iiculae, 
 kid-skins, Cic. Mur. }6, 75. As constel- 
 lation, the kids, haedi, Virg. : Ov. 
 
 kidnap : surrlpio, ui, reptum, i : PL 
 Men. prol. ^3: also perh. lOror, i: v. 
 foil. an. 
 
 kidnapped (part, adj.) : 1. 8ur- 
 repticius: PI. Men. prol. 60. 2. fur- 
 tivus : PI. Cure. 5, 2, 22. 
 
 kidnapper : plagiarius : cf. Dig. 48, 
 1 5, 6 : Cic. (Cf use of feles, e. g. felea 
 virginalis, PI. Pers. 4, 9, 14 : Auson.) 
 
 kidnapping (subs.)-, plagium. Dig. 
 48,15,6. 
 
 kidney: ren, renis, m. (usu. pL). 
 Cels. : Cic. Phr.: of the .«aHi« k.. ejus- 
 deni fortnao. cf. Per.-i. 5. 115 (nostrae f.). 
 
 kidney-bean : phastius : Virg. : Col. 
 (*rhaseulus vulgaris, Linn.) 
 
 kill: 1. interlicio, feci, fectum, J 
 (mo.-.t gen. term) : Cic. : Caes. (passim). 
 2. caedo, cecldi, caesuni, } ((" cut 01 
 beat, whether to death or not : to kill by 
 wounds or blows) : Cic. Esp. of kUling 
 victims in sacrifice, Virg.: Cic.j v. to 
 SLAY. 3. ngco, avi and ui, atum, i 
 (by wicked and cruel niians : as. assas- 
 sination, powon): tot. by fire. n. igni, 
 Caes. B. C. i, 5J: by impriso^iment and 
 stripes, torture, vinculis, verberibus, 
 omni supplicio n., Cic. Man. 5. 11 : 
 Juv.: V. to murder. So enOco, PI.: 
 Plin. (more freq. = to uvar out. ex- 
 haust). 4. occido. di, sum, } (to cut 
 doum : esp. i /! battU) : v. to slay. 5. 
 trficido, 1 (to A:. violeiHly awd ruthlesS' 
 ly) : v. TO BCTCHi.R. 6. l"l<!rlnu>, 
 pfrimo, emi, emptum, j (to do away 
 
 irith. cut off) : V. TO DtSTRDY. 7. ob- 
 
 trunc'), I (to cut down : esp. in the way 
 of murder or assassination) : Sail. : 
 Virg. (For to kill oneself, v. snciDB.) 
 
 killing (•--"'•s.): expr! by verb. 
 
 kiln : foniax : a lime-k., f. calcaria, 
 Plin. n. 9. 6, H?: Cuto. 
 
 Idmbo : •' 'i r. : to set the arms a-k. 
 (.') bracliia lateribus suffulcire. 
 
 kin (subs.) : coiisiiiipuinitjis, proxl 
 miias; wnus : v. kindred (.««/»*.). 
 
 kin (adj.): cons;iiisiilneus, sanguini 
 conlunctus- v. kindred (a((;.). 
 
 kind (sui'S.) 1. g<>nus, iris, n. 
 (steadi/ fncnds) of which k. there is t 
 great dearth, cujus g. est magna pt-nuria 
 Cic. Am. 17, 62 kj of vine, vini g^ 
 nera, Plin. 14, 6, 8: sometimes used ii 
 ace. adverbially, to vjrite something o 
 that k., aliquid id genus scribere, Ck 
 Art. u. 12, init. 2. mOdus: chiefly i 
 gen. sing. : of the same kind, of what- 
 429
 
 KIND 
 
 KISS 
 
 KNEE 
 
 ever kind, ptc, ejusdem modi, cujus- 
 cunque modi, etc. : Cic. passim. 3. 
 expr. by pron. adjj., talis, qualis, of such 
 a k. as. . . . ; qualiscunqui', of whatever 
 k.. etc. : cf. L. G. $ 8j : of all k.s, omni- 
 genus (poet.) . Lucr. : Virg. (in prose, 
 omni genere). 
 
 kind ioulj.) ■■ 1. amicus: v. friend- 
 ly 2. benignus (showing liberality 
 ami generosity) : k. in the icay of lend- 
 ing, b. ad commodandiim, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 i, 6: V. GENEROUS. 3. bgngricus, 
 cninpar. -ceiitior, -centissimus {doing 
 kirul or generous acts) : k. to ime's 
 friends, h. in sues amicos, Cic. Off. i, 
 14,4?: Sen. 4. l>eri6volus: v. hem.,- 
 voLivNT, WKLL Drsi'OsED. 5. comis, e 
 (courteous and obliging) : k. to one's 
 wife c. in uxortm, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, IJJ: 
 to entertain with k. hospitality, c. hos- 
 pitio accipere, l,jv. 9, j6, med. .Join: 
 comis, benignu;-, facilis, siiavis, Cic. Bal. 
 
 16, ?6- 6, facilis, c {'■asy-tempered) : 
 
 V. GOOD-NATOKED, INDULGENT. 7. 
 
 suavis, e (amiable ; as descriptive of 
 natural character) : Cic. P h r. : you 
 
 are very k., to facis amice qui 
 
 Cic. Am. 2, q : also, nhen o favour is 
 declined, simply, benigne, Hor. Ep. i, 
 7, 1 6. 
 
 kind-hearted • benignus, benigno 
 ingenio: v. kind. 
 
 kindle: A, Trans.: 1, con- 
 flo, I (6^ bloti-ing with bellows : often 
 flg.) : to k. a fire by bloii ing, igntm c, 
 PUn. j;. 1 1, 40, $ I j8 : PI. Fig.: to k. 
 a conjlagratioii, incendlum c, Flor. j, 
 
 17, init. : to k. {stir up) ill-ivUl, invi- 
 diam c, Cic. Cat. I, 9, 2J. 2. accendo, 
 di, sum, J {to put light to): to k. a fue, 
 ignem a., Virg. Aen. 5, 4: v. to light. 
 
 3. liicemio, 5: v. fire (to set on). 
 
 4. inflainmo, i (more freq. in tig. 
 sense): to k. o torch, taedam inf, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 48, 106: v. fire (to set on); 
 INFLAME. (N.B.— Kor tig. sense, see also 
 to exciti- , STIR UP.) B. 1 n t r a n s. : 
 ardesco. exardesco: v. fire (to take). 
 
 kindliness : 1. comitas (nurtesy 
 and agi eeahlerwss) : Join: comitas af- 
 fabilita^que sei-mniiis, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 48; 
 c. facilitasque. Id. Mur. j6, 66: v. cour- 
 TEsr. 2. bfinigiiitas : v. kindness, 
 geneuosity. 3. lacilitas : v. good- 
 nature. 4. hiiiiianitas {natural fine- 
 ness of feeling and consideruteness) : 
 cf. Cic. Man. i^, fin. to act nith k. 
 toivards any one, h. exhibere alicui, Ulp. 
 Dig. J, I, I, J 4. 
 
 kindly (ad;. ) : 1. comis, e (cour- 
 teous, obliging) : Cic. : Hor. : v. kind 
 (5). Join: bonus et comis et humanus, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 2;, 80. 2. humanus (of 
 refined and considerate feeling) : Cic. : 
 esp. with a syn. : v. supr. (1). 3, 
 bgnignus : v. kind. Phr. • a k. soU, 
 mite solum, Hor Od. i, 18, 2. 
 
 kindly (wiv.)-. l. amice: Cic: 
 Hor. Join: amice el benevole, Cic. 
 Fin. I, 10, 54. 2, comiter (in a cour- 
 teous, kindly manner) : v. courteously. 
 3. bfinigne (esp. of what is done by 
 a superior ; graciously, bountifully) .- 
 to salute k., b. salutare, Cic. : / thank 
 you k. (declining something), benigne 
 (sc. facis), Hor. Ep. I, 7, 16. 4. bg- 
 ngvOle (nith good will or intent): Cic. 
 
 5. haniane (cf. preccd. art. 2) : to 
 act k., b. facers, Cic. Ait. 12, 44, i»i(. .• 
 he very k. offered to show me the way, 
 ducem se itineris humanissime promisit, 
 Petr. 8. 
 
 kindness : I. The feeling or dis- 
 position : 1. bgnignitas (esp. on the 
 part of a superior ; graciousness) : you 
 are listening to me with the greatest k„ 
 me summa cum b. aiiditis, Cic. Sext. ij, 
 Ji: Hor.: v. generosity. 2. comitas: 
 V. kindliness (1). 3. bgii6v61entia 
 (good-will) : Cic. 4. beneficentia 
 
 (doing kind acts) : nhat is more excel- 
 lent than goodness and k ? quid prae- 
 etantius boniiate et b. ? Cic. N. I), i, 4?, 
 fin. 5. hrimanitas: v. kindliness 
 (•*). 6. expr. by bSngficia (pi. con- 
 crete for abstr. L. G, } 591) : such was 
 his k. to me, *tanta erant illius in me 
 beneficia <ollata : v. infr. (II.). Phr.: 
 4JO 
 
 to show k. to am/ ime, benevolum. be- 
 nignum se praebere erga aliquem: v. 
 KIND. II, An act of kindness : 1. 
 Ijcneficium ; to return a k. for an in- 
 jury, pro maleficio b. reddere, I'er. I'll. 
 2, 2, 22 : to bestow a k. on any one, b. 
 apud aliquem collocare, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 
 70 (with the idea of a retu7"n for the 
 "investment") ; so, b. poiiere, id. Fani. 
 
 1 J, 54. a!>o, to do an act of k. (freely), 
 h. dare, id. Off. i, 15, 48; conferre in 
 aliquem, ib. I, 14, 4?. 2. off iciuni : 
 to do acts of k. to people, ofiicia in ho- 
 mines conferre, Cic. Off. i, i;, 48: that 
 
 is .so far from being a k. that id 
 
 tan turn aljest ;ib off. iit. . .., ib. f, 14, 4} : 
 interchange if afTeclion and acts of k., 
 vicissi tudo studiorum off.que, Cic. Am. 1 4, 
 49. 3. bengiaciuin (rareaiid poet., and 
 onlyinpi.) Enn. : PI. (in later writers 
 usu. = good deeds, services.) 4. "ra- 
 tia: V. FA\0UR (II.). Plir. : to do a 
 k.: (1.) prosum, in: (with dat.) : to 
 wish to do any one a k., alicui p. velle, 
 Cic. Off. I, 14 42: V. good (to do). 
 (2.) bengfacio, } (or as two words : 
 rare) : PI. 
 
 kindred (subs.) -. |. Relationship ; 
 
 the tie of bloml : consangiiinitas, cog- 
 
 natio, nficessi fiiio : v. kel.\ti<)NShip. 
 
 II. Those related by the tie of blood : 
 
 ngces-arii, consanguinei, cognati, etc. : 
 
 V. RELATIVE (suhs^. 
 
 kindred (adj)- 1. cognatus: k. 
 terms or names, c. vocibula. Hor. S. 2, 
 ?, 280 : Cic. 2. finitlmus (lit. neigh- 
 bourivg) : v. akin. 
 i king: rex, regis: Cic. Virg. IH- 
 min. regiilus, a petti/ k., a jfrime. Sail. : 
 Mv. Plir. : to be k., regnare (v. to 
 REiGK); regalem habere potesUuem (of 
 Sulla) Cic. (.') Harusp. 2;, 54 : the title 
 ofk., regale nomen, ib. i ?, 29: to tru to 
 make onesef k., regnum appetere, Cic. 
 .Mil. 27, 72: atually to do so, regnum 
 occupare, Cic. Sull. 9, 27. 
 i kingdom: j. Regal power-, reg- 
 ! nuni : Cic. : IJv. : v. preced. art. (Phr.): 
 also, regia «. regalis potesias : v. regal. 
 II. I'he domain of a king : regnum 
 Caes. : Sail. |||. Fig.: a dftmain or 
 proinnce of nature : Kr. gives regnum; 
 the animal, vegetable, and mineral k.s, 
 *tria regna naturae; he adds, tres prin- 
 cipales ordines, partes rernm naturali- 
 um : but (.'). Better perh., *animan- 
 tium, herbarum, metallorum genera : v. 
 
 CLA.SS. 
 
 kin"^sher : alc6do, Inis ; later, al- 
 cyon (hal), 6nls,/. : Varr. : PUn. (*A1- 
 cedo hispida, Linn.) 
 
 kingly : I. Belonging to a king : 
 regi us, regalis: Cic. K. power, regnvim, 
 regia potestas : v. regal. ||. Au- 
 gust, tcorthy of a king : regalia : v. 
 
 ROYAL. 
 
 kinsfolk : nficessarii, etc. : v. bbla- 
 TivE (subs.). 
 kinsman: ngcessarius: Cic. Sull. 1, 
 
 2 : V. RELATIVE (subs.). 
 
 kiss (subs.) : 1. Buavium (most 
 suitable word for ordinary use) : give 
 Attica a k. from me, Attiaie meis ver- 
 bis suavium des, Cic. Alt. 16, it,extr. 
 Diniin. suaviolum, C!at. 2. basium 
 (esp. an amorous or lend k.) : to shower 
 on any one a host of k.s, alicui spissis- 
 sima b. impiiigere, Petr. )i, init. : Mart. 
 Dimin.. basiOlum, Petr. : Apul. 3. 
 osciilum (melon. : lit. a little mouth, lip: 
 chinfly poet.) : to give k.s, oscula dare, 
 Petr. 115 (bono sensu): to imprint k.s, 
 o. iigere, Virg. Aen. i, 687: to take o\- 
 snatch k.s, o. Girpere, Ov. H. 11, 117; 
 sumere, ib. i?, 141 : to fling a k., o. ja- 
 cere, Tac. H. i, }6: to snatcli th^ first 
 k., osciila praeripere, Lucr. }, 909. 
 
 kiss (v.) : 1, suavior, i (= sua- 
 vium ilu: V. preced. :irt., 1): Cic: Cat. 
 So conip. dissuavior (intens.) : I will k. 
 ymir ei/es ont, d'ssuaviabor tuos oculus, 
 Cic. ad Fir. Kain. )6. 27. 2. bai>io, i : 
 Git.; Petr. (cf. preced. art., 2). 3. 
 osculor, I (the term most suitable for 
 the higher style of composition : not 
 poet.) : to embrace and k. any one, ali- 
 quem amplecti (complecti) atque o., Cic. 
 Kep. 6, 14 : the proper word to denote 
 
 the kiss of homage, cf. Cic. Verr. -j, 45, 
 94 : Just. So conip. e.\osculor (to k. 
 atfectionately, earnestly) : Suet. : Tac. 
 Verbal adj. isculabuiidus, kissing re- 
 peatedly. Suet. Vit. 7, fin. 
 
 kissing (■■"«(>«■) : 1. suaviatlo: PI. : 
 Gell. 2. basiatio : Mart. : Cat. 3. 
 oscilliitio : Cic. (For syu. v. kiss, 
 subs.) 
 
 kitchen : cfiUna : Pi. : Cic. : Hor. 
 Adj. culinarius, belonging to the k.. 
 Front Phr.: to have a capital k., op- 
 timis coqiiis uti (based on Cic). 
 
 kitchen-garden : eutoiius hortus : 
 
 Ulp. Kig. 
 
 kitchen-gardener- oiitor: Varr.: 
 Plin. 
 kitchen-herbs : oius, gris, n. (usu. 
 
 collect., but found in pi.): to dine off 
 k.s, olus coeiiare, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 168 : 
 Plin. 20, 5, 16 (pO- 
 
 kitchen-maid : cQlinaria (culina- 
 rius. k.-servanl, Scrib.). 
 
 kite: I. The bird: milvus; poet, 
 niiluus: Cic: I'haedr. (*Falco milvus, 
 Linn.) Adj., milvinus, of a k., kites': 
 Plin. II. The toy : *inilvus. quera di- 
 cunt. papyraceus. (Ivr. gives, draco 
 volans papyraceus, the German name 
 being 1 )niche, drai/on.) 
 
 kitling: ciitulus: v. cub, whelp. 
 
 kitten: *citulus felinus. 
 
 knack: l- e. a ready skill: nearest 
 word perh. solleriia: v. skill. 
 
 knapsack : sarcina (carried by each 
 soldier) : to pile the k.s together, sarcinas 
 in uniim locum conlerre, Caes. B. G. 1, 
 24: iJv. 
 
 knave : 1. scglestus : freq. as 
 term of reproach in II., Ter. : knave. 
 scele.-te! PI. Ps. 1, 5, 141 : so, scelestis- 
 sime, id. Am. 2, 1, 11: homo may be 
 aided the audacious k. ! O scelcstuBi 
 atque aiidacem hominem ! Ter. Eun. 4, 
 4. 41- 2. veigrator (a sly old 
 rogne) : Ter. Heaut. 5, 1.6: Cic 3. 
 homo uequani (less colloq. than the 
 Eng.) : v. WORTHLESS. (By a bold fig. 
 Cic. has nequitia = homines iiequam, 
 Verr. 5, i;, j8, provinciam ad summam 
 stultitiam nequitiamque venisse, the 
 greatest fools and knaves : Niigels. Siil. 
 p. 46.) 4. furciter, gri {liang-dog : 
 freq. term of abuse) : Join: impudice, 
 sceleste, . . . .iurcifer, PI. Ps. I, ), 142. 
 Phr.: an arch-k., caput scelerum, PI. 
 Cure. 2, 1, 19 (also scelus is freq. used 
 as term of abuse. Ter. Andr. j, 5, 1, 
 etc.) : see also rascal, wretch. The 
 knave in cards, (?) puerulus : Germ, 
 knabe = boy. 
 
 knavery : 1. nequitia : Cic. : V. 
 VILLAINY. 2. malitia (esp. craft 
 
 practised to the injury of others): aU 
 fciTuis 0/ fc, omnes m, Cic. N. D. }, io, 
 74. 3. fraus, imprSbitas : v. dis- 
 honesty. 
 
 knavish : 1. nequam (good for 
 nothing; unprincipled): Join: ne- 
 quam et improbus, Cic R. Am. 4;, ijo; 
 mains nequamque. Pi. As. 2, 2, 59. 2. 
 niiilitiosus (cf. preced. art. 2) : Cic 
 .loin: (homo) versutus, fallax, mali- 
 tiosus, veterator, Cic. Off. j, ij, extr. 
 3. vetSrator (strictly a subs.): v. 
 KNAVE (cf supr. 2). 4. fraudiilentns, 
 imprObus : v. dishonest. 
 
 knavishly : 1. frauduienter : v. 
 dishon estly. 2. malitiose (cf. kna v e- 
 
 RY, 2) : QC 
 
 knavishness: v. knavery. 
 
 knead : 1. sfibsgo, ggi, actum, j ; 
 to k. flour well, farinam pulchre, bene 
 s.. Cato, R. R. 74 : to k. with oil, oleo s, 
 Plin. 2. depso, ui, stum, j (rare) 
 Cato, R R. 90. Also, condepso, to k. up 
 together, ib. 40, med. 
 
 kneafled {part, adj^ .- depsticius 
 Cato, K. R. 90. 
 
 kneading-trough : 1. mortar;, 
 iim: Cato, R. H. 90. 2. alvearium. 
 Ten. 
 
 knee : 1. g6nu. us, n. : the k-joint, 
 genus commissura, Plin. 11, 45, iO{ ; to 
 fall on one's k.s, genu (genua) ponere, 
 I 'elr. I } ? ; with dat. of person in honour 
 of whom. Curt 8, 7, ad fin. : to sink 
 upon one's k.s, in g. procnmbere, id. 9,
 
 KNEE-DEEP 
 
 KNOTGRASS 
 
 KNOW 
 
 «, med. : to fight on one's k.s, de genu 
 pugnare, Sen. Hrov. 2, 4 : to fall at ana 
 ones k.s (in entreaty), se ad n. all. ujus 
 projicere. Auct. H. Afr. 89; advolvi. 
 Tac. Ann. il{ (in be.-^t writers usu. ad 
 pedes, etc.). Uimin. gCniculum : ol tlie 
 k.s 0/ chiUren, Varr. h. L. 9, 5. 5 '«■ 
 2 nieton. pi>ples, (ll.s, ni. (sirioily, 
 the ham : poel.) m tenOoJ k., dupU- 
 cato p., Virg. Aen. iz, 917- , , 
 
 knee-deep: senibus t.nus alius: cl. 
 Liv. 21, 54. /«•■ erut pi^ct-iribus tenus 
 aucta (aqua) nociurno iiubri. 
 knee-pan: patella : Cels. 8, i.o-i/n. 
 kneel : expr. by genu, genua, and a 
 verb: v. ksi,k(1). . . ,^ . 
 
 knell : *campana funebris, (Kr.). 
 knife: 1. culler, iri, HI. (u.sed for 
 all industrial purposes; also »-sp. /">• 
 sacrificing): I'l. : Cic: l.iv. Klg : Ae 
 Uapes me midz-r Ihe k. (I. e. in torture, 
 faccte), me sub c. liiuiull. Hor. S. 1,9, 
 ■74. Dimin. cultcllus, a small k., pen-k., 
 Hor. : Suet. 2. scalpruni {^any small, 
 sharp-cutting instrum'mt: cf. Mv. ii, 
 49. init., where it dcnoles a chisel) : a 
 pen-fc., s. librarium, .Suet. Vit. 2. med.: 
 also .simply, scalprum, I'ac. H 5. 8. 
 knife-grinder ( peril, cultrarlus: v. 
 knife-maker < Korcell. 3. v. 
 knight i^siibs.) : eques, Ttis (denoting 
 a persdit miiunted; a horse-soldier ; or, 
 o member of the equestrian oriler) : 
 Caes. : Cic. To create any one a k., 
 •aliquem equestri dlgnitate decorare, 
 omare ; equestri ordini adscribere (Kr.) : 
 also, annulis donare, 'I'ac. H. 1,1?: 
 Suet, (in Roman sense only). Knights 
 of the s/urf, qui de singulis civltatibus 
 nro toto comitatu venluut. Statute in 
 Milt. Def. 8. 
 knight ("•)■ V. preced. art. 
 knight-errant : *eques errans, er- 
 ratic us. 
 knighthood: equestrls dlgnitas : cf. 
 
 KNIGHT. 
 
 knightly : Squester, tris, e : Cic. : v. 
 KNIGHT. Sometimes = befitting a knight : 
 equiti conveniens, equite dignus (Kr.). 
 
 knight-Ser'Vice : militia equestrls. 
 
 knight's-fee: praedium equestre; 
 feuduni miliiare (Kr.). 
 
 knit : !■ '** intemeave with nee- 
 dles : *'acubus te.\o, intexo : v. to 
 WKAVE. II. Fig.- to gather the 
 
 brows: Phr.: fTontem s. supcrcilium 
 contrahere, addueere: v. to fuown. 
 
 knob : 1. *>""* ('"• "■ ''"'''''« • ap- 
 plied to various round objects) : Vitr. 9, 
 8 (9'), 12 (the head of a pin in a water- 
 clock): cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 56, 124, aureae 
 bullae [valvarum], knobs or studs. 2. 
 umbilicus (of the projecting k.s at the 
 ends of scrolls): Mart. 2, 6, 11. 3. 
 perh. pila (ippUcable to anything ball- 
 shaped): V. BALL. 4. nodus (o knot 
 or knob in ivood) : cf. Virg. Aen. 7, 507, 
 stipes gravidus nodis, a knotty, knobbfd 
 club. 5, tiiber, gris (a knobby excre- 
 scence): P'lin. 16, |6, 27. Also tuber- 
 culum, a lump or kiob : used by Cels. 
 of the round ball-end of a joint, 8, I, 
 med. 
 
 knobbed, knobb' : 1. tubSratus: 
 
 Fest. s. V. ocrcm ("t gremvs). 2. 
 nodosus (as lor e.xamplc, a club): Ov. 
 H. 10, loi : cf. KNOB (i)- 
 
 knock ("•)■■ 1. PU'so. I (P"l'° '" 
 early writers) : to k. at the iloor, fores 
 p., I'l. Bac. 41,9; ostia p., Hor. S. i, i, 
 lO; also absol., yuint. : Ov. (PI. has 
 arieto, facete, ol one hammering violently 
 at a door. True. 2, 2. i .) 2. '^rlo : v. 
 TO STRiKK. Si'e toll. art. 
 
 against: offt-ndo, di, sum, j: 
 
 to k. one's head against an archuay, 
 caput ad forniceni ol., (juiut. 6, J, 67 : 
 to k. one's foot against something, of 
 pedeni : v. to stumblk. Phr.: to k. 
 »ne's head against a sUme wall (prov.), 
 verberare lapldem, PI. Cure. i. }, 4'- 
 See also TO dash acainst, fall follof. 
 
 at ■ PUISO : V. TO KNOCK. 
 
 down: I. I'it-^ 1. .^f- 
 
 jIc1o,Jeci, ciuni. ? (<" dislmlge forcibly 
 from a ptcue) : to k. dnini the spiders' 
 webs from a u all, araneas <le pariete d.. 
 
 PI. Stich. 2, 2, JI : V. TO OISLODGK.OVF.R- 
 
 ' THROW. 2. stenio. siravl, turn, ? (to 
 
 ! lai/ flat): to k. lUntm walls loith a ram. 
 
 inur'os ariele s., !/iv. i, 29, intt.: to k. 
 
 -/oi.„ with the tusk.", deniibus s., I'bn. 
 
 8, 9, 9. So, prosterno : cl. Tei. Ad. J, 2 
 
 21, ceteros rueretn, tunderem et 
 
 proslernercm (" uouht tumble, l>elabour. 
 and k. dawn ")■ Both the sinipk' and 
 conip. verb le.vs homely ihun ihi' KnK. 
 3 oblruiico, I (irith a mm lal hbi") : 
 cf. Pi. Aul. !, 4, 10, capio lustlni, ubiruii- 
 CO gaMinn (" I huck him duu-n dtxid"). 
 II. Klg. : to k. dwn to any one at 
 an auctifu : addico. xi. cluni, { : to k. 
 tliAi-n a prion's yomls 10 a per>on, l)ona 
 aliiujus alicui ad., Cic. C. K.di. '7. 4;. 
 
 knock out : 1. excaiio, ssi, soum, 
 J : tok. a thing out of any ime's hinds, 
 rem de maiui alicujus ix., Ulp. Oig. 47i 
 2, 52. ^ U : uith an eye k 'd out, o. ulo 
 I'xois&o, Su't. Caes. 68 : to k. out any 
 one's brains, cerebrum alicui ex., I'l. 
 C.'p. i, 4. 69. 2. Slido. si, >um, } : to 
 !e. out eyes, oculos e., PI. Rud. ?, 2, 45. 
 P h r. : to k. out a man's Inaiiis, cere- 
 l)rum alicui diminuere.Ter. Ad. 4, 2, J2 ; 
 so, aiput alicujus diminuere, id. Knn. 4, 
 
 m) : |. To amise by knock- 
 ing: su,-:cito. I (to a'ouse, auaken): 
 aiore precisely, fores pulsando euscitare : 
 V. TO KNfx.K. II. ■/" put together 
 hastily : P h r. : to k. up some kind of 
 shelter for tiie night, *tectum quale- 
 cunque in noctem solute componere 
 (compinsere), cf. Sen. y. N. 6, }0. |||. 
 To fatigue, exhaust: conlicio (v. TO 
 wkak out); fatigo, deatigo: v. to 
 FATiGDF.. As p. part., often, defessus: | 
 
 V. EXHAUSTKll. 
 
 under : manus do : v. to give 
 
 IK (II.). 
 
 knock, knocking {subs:) ■. puisatio : 
 
 e. g. oslii, PI. True. 2, 2, J (pultalio) . 
 also absol., id. Bac. 4, I, 11 : Ireq. of 
 blows and beating, cf. Ulp. Dig. 47. 
 
 10. 5- 
 
 docker: best word perh. annulus 
 (anu-) : cf. Step. Thes. s. v. Kopiii-Jj. 
 Erasm. puerp. init., has comix (= ko- 
 p^irq): a muffled k., comix obvincta 
 linteo, I. c. Steph. 1. c. gives as an 
 equiv., raarculus quo fores pulsantur. 
 
 knock-kneed: 1. '^'ams: opp. to 
 
 valgus, vatius {bow-legged) : Varr. I.. K. 
 2, 9, ad init. : Hor. 2 compernis, e 
 (rare) : Varr. L. L. 9, 5, ^ 10. 
 
 knoll: tiLmulus: v. MOUND, emi- 
 nence (1.). 
 
 knot (si'bs.): I. 0/ threads, etc. : 
 nodus ; Cic. : Virg. : to tie up the hair 
 in a k., crinem nodo substringere. Tac. 
 G. j8 : a yoke tied on vilh a number of 
 k.s entangled together {the Gon-dian k.), 
 juguni adstrictuni compluribus n. in 
 semet ipsos implicatis. Curt i, ?, nu-d. 
 Fig.: to untie a k., n. expedire, Cic. 
 Att. 5. 21, S a k. worthy of a deity's 
 
 ^^n. 5, *.», J ■ " •-• — --'^ */ - 
 
 untying, n. (deo) vindice liignus, Hor. 
 A. P. 191. Dxmin., nodulus, I'lin. : 
 Apul. II. In tig. sense, a bmul : vin- 
 culum : e. g.'vinculum jiigale, thr nu/tial 
 k., Virg. Aen. 4. 16. |||. The part of a 
 tree uhcre a joint shoots: 1. nodus: 
 o curved stick without a k., baculus 
 aduncus sine n., Liv. i, 18: Virg: v. 
 KNOB (4). 2. arliciilus, geniculum : 
 V. JOINT. Without k.s, enodis, e, (e. u.) 
 truMCUS, Virg.: to free from k.s, eno- 
 dare,Cato, R. R. H, ""<• = C"' IV. 
 
 A little group of prople: circulus to 
 talk in k.s. pir circulos loqui, I ac. Agr. 
 45: cf. Cic Bal. 26, init.. in conviviis 
 roduiit. In circulis (!o/i<f)e ks of a Jew 
 people get loget}wr) vellitant: v. Gi;<;ui". 
 To firrm in k.s, cinulari, Caes. B. G. i, 
 64: in k.s, circulatim. Suet. Cae^. 84. 
 fin. V. -^" epaulet: hiimCrale, is, 
 n. : Dig. 
 
 knot (i'): nO'JO' ' ('<" *'* ^P '" " 
 knot): Virg. Aen. 4, i?8 (crines nodan- 
 tur in aurum) : Ov. P b r. : to k. a cord, 
 •lunem nodis implicare: v. to en- 
 tangle, TIE. 
 
 knotgrass: pOlygOnus or -um: the 
 popular name for which was (herba) 
 sanguinaria, I'lin. 27. 12, 91, ij nj ; also, 
 sanguinalls. Ci-ls. : Col. 
 
 knotted {part, adj.): 1. noda 
 tus: I'lin I !, 22. 42 (ol Uie stalk of a 
 plaid). 2. nodOsu>: v. knottv. ^ 
 gCnlciJliilus ((j/«to'A>): v. jointkd. 
 
 knottiness: nod6>iULs: Aug. (fig.) 
 
 Usu. iH-iler I Npr. by nudus: tiuiber use- 
 less rm oojount if its k , ^materia prop- 
 ter nodus inulills: v. k-not (III.). 
 
 knottv: nodosus- a k. duh, n. sti- 
 lus, Ov. H. 10. 101 : k. nets, II. lina. Or. 
 .M. }. 15! ; plagae. Id. K. 6, 1 10. K i g. : 
 k. questions, n fet aiixiae] (iuae»'lone8, 
 .Macr. .S. 7, \,meil.: Val. Max. In Hg. 
 ■sense, also spiiiusiis : v. thounv. P Ii r. : 
 a k. point, notlus: e. g., to seltlf a k. 
 jHiiiit, nodimi e.\pedire, Cic. Alt. 5. 21, j. 
 knout: flagellum- V. s<;oLii<iE. 
 know: I. To have a dear petxep- 
 liiiii that a thing is so: \. stio, 4: 
 full, by aec. and inf., ace. of vent, pron., 
 or rel. clause wiib saij.; .ilso de and 
 ahl.: I k. that this is fahe. s<io haec 
 lalsa esse : this J k., hoc >ciu: / k. how 
 fond yiiurf) iends are of you, sciu quam 
 sis amicis juiuiidus he declaie>t that 
 he knew nothing almut -iulla^iie .Sulla se 
 scire negavll, c'ir. Snll. I J, J9 (et pass.). 
 .Special phr. : as far as I k., quud sclam, 
 ler. Ad. 4, 5, 7: Cic: more pre- 
 cisely, quantum ego quidem s<-iam, 
 yuint. ?, I, 19: let me k., fac ut sciam, 
 Cic. Att. 4, 8, init. : I dimt k. vhcther 
 
 not, baud scio (nesiio) an, with 
 
 sul)j.: cf. Cic. Lig. 9, 26, constantiam 
 dicu? nescio an melius patlentlam di- 
 cere possim, / dim't k. wheiher I ought 
 
 not rather to call it : cf. inclined 
 
 (I., Phr.). So, negative of preced., ne- 
 scio, 4 {not to knoui) : same constr. as 
 preced. : Cic. 2, cognosce, ovi, itum, 
 J (to come to the Icnon ledge of facts, by 
 observation or enquiry: hence, in pre- 
 sent sense, chiefly in perf. tenses): 
 consir. usu. with ace. of object: also, 
 ace. and inf., or rel. clause : that fact 
 he k.s froin their Callic arms. Id »e a 
 Gallicis ai-mis cognovisse, Caes. B. G. i, 
 22: Metellus Icnew by experience that 
 
 Metello experimentis cognitum 
 
 erat, with ace. and inf.. Sail. Jug. 46: 
 
 v. TO ASCEUTAIN. 3. fOt to kmrtv, ig- 
 
 noro, I : in this sense esp. with a nega- 
 tive, as baud (non) Ignoro; or inteiTog. 
 pron.. as quis ignorat? Cic: v. igno- 
 rant (TO be). Phr.: it is well k.n, wn- 
 stat (v. AiiREED, TO BF.) / fc. quite II ea 
 
 that you notum exploraluinque est 
 
 niihi, te Cic fil. Kam. i6, 21, ad 
 
 init.; compertiim h.ibeo {of thai n hicK 
 one Itxis tested by experieme). .Sail. Jug. 
 c8, init. : do you k. whut I mean . tenea 
 quorsum haec tendani quae loquor ? PI. 
 Ps. I, 2, 81 : so hab«'o is used, cf Cic. 
 AU. 5, 21,7, extr., habes consilia nostra: 
 nunc cogno>ce de Bi uto, " i/ou lutw fc 
 {are in possession of) my plans ; Ut me 
 tell you aliout Brutus." ||. 7b have 
 an accurate knouledye of; esp. with 
 ref. 10 language: nosco. vi, tuiii, ! (esp. 
 in perf. tenses the imperl. siBinfying to 
 get to know) : to k. the tans, leges. Jura 
 nosse, Cic in Pis. u. !0. Negiiiively, 
 ignoro: v. ignorant, to be. Phr.: to 
 k. Latin, or not to k. it, I.atine scire, ne- 
 scire, Cic Br. n. « '° '" ''■ Ufometiy 
 icell, *geonieiricas raiioiies bene per- 
 speclas habere: See also iuir. (IV.) 
 Ill To be acquainted wdh, esp. a per- 
 stm : ' 1. no>cu, I (.•^p. in p<-rl. leiises ; 
 Ihe iuHierf. tenses sipni y. to :,'t to A-.): 
 cf. PI. As. 2, 4, 58, Siiureaiii nun nnvi.— 
 At nosce sane, " «/ you do not as yet fc 
 him, I should like you to dii so :" to k. a 
 man 6v sight, nosse aiiquein de facic, 
 Cic. In hs.'?:, 81 : cf r<T Ilec ?, 4. 25, 
 non novi hoininls laclem. 2. 9*^' 
 live ignoro, i you dii not k. me Cliniat, 
 me i'giioras, Clinia! Ter. H<-aiit. I. i. $1: 
 cf. Cic Rab. post. 12, M. el lUum el me 
 vehementer itinoras (•' i/ou are gieally 
 mistaken in both him and me "). Phr.: 
 to get to k. any one more 11 Vmately, 
 aliquem propius insplcere. PUn. Kp. 4, 
 15. J : t'j k. anyone intimately, aliquo 
 fanilliariier uii (implying friendship): 
 V. iNTiMAiEty. IV. '^0 '™'"" *'*'■ 
 1. scio, 4: to it. how to handle and 
 use a tiling, rem tractare et nti sdre^
 
 KNOWING 
 
 LABOUR 
 
 LACERATION 
 
 Cic. Rep. I, 17: Hor. Negatively, ne- 
 scio (= non possum) ; cf. Cic. de Or. j, 
 18, init., (Stoici) omnino irasci nesciunt, 
 don't k. how {=cannot) to be angry -. Hor. 
 
 2. calleo, ui, 2 (to be expert : in ibis 
 sense, poet.): ivho k.s huw to bear po- 
 verty, qui c. pauperism pati, Hor. Od. 4, 
 9, 49. See also A ble, to be. 
 
 kliowing : sciens, priidens, etc. : v. 
 
 ACQUAINTED WITH. 
 
 knowingly : 1. e.\pr. by sciens 
 (L. G. j J45) : opp. to imprudens (^unin- 
 tevtionally) : cf. Ter. Hec. extr., plus 
 hodie boni imprudens feci quara sciens 
 ante hunc diem unquam: legal expr., if 
 I k. deceive, si sciens fallo, Cic. Fam. 7, 
 
 1, I. (Scienter in the best authors = 
 skilfully : only in Plin. min., si scienter 
 [= sciens] fefelliisft, Pan. 64.) 2. 
 prudens (like preced.): v. intention- 
 ally. Often joined with sciens, Ten: 
 Cic. 
 
 knowledge: 1. sclentia (in all 
 senses) : Caes. : Cic. (N.B. If used in 
 widest sense, rerum should be added: 
 cf. L, G. $ 595.) 2. cognitio (strictly, 
 the acquisition of knowledge : also k. 
 itself, in active sense) : to obtain a k. of 
 God by gazing upon the heavens, Deorum 
 c. coelum intuentes capere, Cic. N. D. 
 
 2, 56, init. : the (attainment of the) k. 
 of law, c. Juris, Cic. de Or. i, 41, 185 
 (scientia juris is the k. as attained : cf. 
 Cic. Sen. 4, ii, quae scientia juris au- 
 gurii, sc. in eo erat). 3. nolitia 
 {practical k., familiarity with) : health 
 is maintained by k. of one's own consti- 
 tution, valetudo sustentatur notitia sui 
 corporis, Cie. Off. 2, 24, 86 : what (inti- 
 mate) k. of antiquity ! quae n. aiitiqui- 
 taiis! Cic. Sen. 4, 12. (Not nolio in this 
 sense: v. notion.) Fur.: ivilhout the 
 k. of, clam, with abl., less freq. acc: 
 without your k., clam vobis, Caes. B. C. 
 2, }2, med. : PI., who has ace. (in Cic, 
 clam is always an adverb : but, clam 
 Tos, Pseudo-Cic. in Sail. 5, 15). Dimin. 
 clanculuin, rare with ace., Ter. Ad. i, i, 
 27, clanculum patres. 4. expr. byaW. 
 absol., with inipriidens, inscius : that 
 tfiese things %cere done without the k. of 
 L. Sulla, haec imprudente [inscio] L. 
 Sulla facta esse, Cic. K. Am. 8, 21 : v. 
 ignorant. 
 
 known (part, adj.) : notus : very 
 well k., notissimus, Cic. : v. iciowN 
 (well). 
 
 , to be: 1. constat, itit, I, 
 
 tmpers. (it is well known ; generally 
 agreed) : it is well k., it is indisputable, 
 
 constat patet, Cic. Mil. 6, 15: by 
 
 Plin. min. used with a subject in j pens. : 
 
 rhetor cujus scholae castitas constat, 
 
 Ep- }, }, }■ 2. e.xsto, iti, atum, i (be 
 before the world, be obvious) : a sum of 
 money, the source of which is not knoun, 
 pecunid cujus auctor non ex., Quint. 7, 
 2, 52: so, Liv. I, 18, init., alius auctor 
 non exstat. 
 
 known, to become: exeo, emano 
 
 (to "ooze" out), palam fio (all only in 
 ipers.): v. to get (.abroad). 
 
 to make : 1. palam facio, J 
 
 (to the public, or generally) : (Hannibal) 
 in oriJer to make k. to his men in what 
 part of the field Eumenes uas, ut p. 
 faceret quo loco Eumenes esset, Nep. 
 Han. II : cf. to ght abroad (5). 2. 
 declare, i (to make apparent; esp. by 
 outward signs) : the gods often make k. 
 their presence, praeseniiam saepe divi d. 
 suam, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6: the age (of 
 stags) is made k. by their teeth, dentibus 
 senecta declaralur, I'lin. 8, J2, 50, } 116. 
 
 3. pandu, J (poet.) : v. to unfold, 
 reveal. 
 
 , little: obsciirus: V. OBSCURE. 
 
 1 well: 1. cgieber, bris, bre: 
 
 V. FAMOUS. 2. notus : well-k. rob- 
 bers, n. (et insignes) latrones, Cic : foil. 
 by gen. of that on account of ivhich 
 (poet.), Hor. Od. 2, 2, 6: cf. L. G, ij 28;. 
 3. tritus (well-irorn ; familiar): 
 more usual and better k., (verbuia) usi- 
 tatius et tritius. Cic. Ac. i, 7, 27. 4, 
 pervagatus (current) : a very-well k. 
 verse, versus perragatissimus, Cic. Or. 
 •ii. Ml- 
 4n 
 
 knuckle : condylus (kovSuAo?) de- 
 fined by H. Steph. as, digiti articulus et 
 nodus, seu nodus et curvatura qua di- 
 gitus flectitur: cf Capell. i, 21, compli- 
 catis in condylos digitis, clenching the 
 list, so as to present the knuckles : but 
 the word is extremely rare. 
 
 kornn: *Coranus; liber Mahunie- 
 tistarum sacer ; le.\ Mahumetana. 
 
 L. 
 
 LABEL (subs.) : 1. pittacium : 
 
 to the necks (of tlie bottles) l.s were 
 tied with this inscription, in cervicibus 
 p. erant affixa cum hoc titulo. . . ., Petr. 
 H- 2. titulus (strictly the writing, 
 
 not the lahel itself) : cf. Juv. 5, $4, cujus 
 [vinij patriam titulumcine (=;pittacium) 
 senectus delevit. 
 
 label (v.) : plltacium .?. titulum 
 affigo : V. preced. art. 
 
 labial : *labialis, e (Gram. t. t.) : 
 Bopp, Sans. Gr. 
 
 laborious : 1. laborlosus (toil- 
 
 some : infreq.) : a very extensive and I. 
 work, opus maximum ac laboriosissi- 
 mum, Liv. 5, li, fin. : Cic. 2. opC- 
 rosus (oft. in act. sense, painstaking, in- 
 dustrious : in present sense, less strong 
 than preced.) : a tough and I. task, spis- 
 sum et o. opus, Cic. y. Vr. 2, 14. Join: 
 (labor) operosus et molestus, Cic. N. U. 
 2, 2i, 59. 3. expr. by labor, opera, 
 6pus, esp. in gen. of quality (L. G. 274) : 
 it (the discipline) is very I., magni est 
 laboris, Cic. de Or. i, jj, 150: I. as the 
 undertaking was, etsi res erat multao 
 operae ac laboris, Caes. B. G. 5, 11 : cf. 
 baud magni operis, Liv. j8, 7, med. 
 (labor indicates toihmneness, opera exer- 
 tion) : so, how I., quanti laboris, operis ! 
 V. LABOUR. For active sense, v. indus- 
 trious. 
 
 laboriously : 1. laboriose : PI : 
 Cic. 2. opgrose : Cic. : Ov. (For 
 syn. V. preced. art.) 3. niulto labore : 
 Virg. G. I, 197 (magno labore, of exer- 
 tion on a grander scale). See also in- 
 
 DUSTKiOUSLY. 
 
 laboriousness : expr. by labor : v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 labour (subs.) .- |. Exertion, esp. 
 of a trrSsome kind : 1. labor, oris, m. : 
 cf. Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, J5, where labor is 
 defined as, functio. . .gravioris operis et 
 muneris : to spend I. cm, anything, I. in 
 aliquam rem insumere, Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 
 iij : wlMt I. I have gone through, quan- 
 tum laboris exhauserim, Plin. Ep. i, 9, 
 I : to lighten any one's I., 1. alicui levare, 
 Cic Or. J4, 120. Join: sudor et laljor, 
 Cic. Font. I, 2. 2, opera (pains, ex- 
 
 ertion: not neces.sarily of a toilsome 
 kind, as labor) : hired I., opera conduc- 
 ticia, Varr. R. R. i, 17. Join: operam 
 curamque (in aliqua re ponere), Cic. 
 Off. I, 6, 19; operam et laborem (con- 
 sumere in aliqua re), id. de Or. i, 55, 
 2J4: to lose one's I., frustra o. sumere, 
 Ter. Heaut. 4, i, i; ; insumere, Liv. 10, 
 18, extr.: operam perdere, Cic. Mar. 10, 
 2 J. (Opera is that ichich results in or 
 is devoted to opus.) 3. nioles, is, /. 
 (lit. mass ; hence by meton., toil, la- 
 bour : esp. poet.) : siich I. did it require, 
 tantae m. erat, Virg. Aen. i, jj : so 
 Liv. 25, II, cut fin., transveham naves 
 baud magna mole, i. e. without any 
 great labour or difficulty. Phr. : to lose 
 one'sil., acta or actum agere, Cic. Am. 22, 
 85 : Ter. Ph. 2, }, 72 : cf. supi: 2. ||, 
 VVork done : 1, opus, eris, n. : v. 
 WORK. 2. labor : to undertake great 
 l.s, I. magnos excipere, Cic. Br. 69, 24J : 
 an Herculean I., Herculis quidam labor, 
 Cic. Ac. 2, J4, 108. The l.s of Hercules 
 may also be described as facinora, For- 
 cell. : v. ACHIEVEMENT. (Labor is more 
 intense than opus: cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 129, 
 hoc opus, hie labor est.) |||. In child- 
 birth : 1, partus, us (childbirth) : 
 Diana is invoked for women in I., Diana 
 adhibetur ad partus, Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 
 69. 2. nisus ijitxus), lis (more pre- 
 
 cisely) : Ov. F. S, 171. Phr. to be in 
 I., parturire : Hor. A. P. i J9 (parturiunt 
 montes) : Phaedr. : I pains, AiAores (sc. 
 ex utero), Ter. Ad. j , 1,2: young women 
 in I., laborantes utero pw.Uae, Hor. Od. 
 }, 22, 2. 
 
 labour (^.)" I. To work, toil: \_ 
 laboro, i (more freq. in other senses, as 
 to be fatigued, in pain, ill, etc.) : to sow, 
 spend, I. for oneself, sibi serere. im- 
 pendere, I., Cic. Verr. j, 52, 121 : Quint. 
 So comp. elaboro, i (to I. hard : esp. of 
 intellectual latmur) : Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 
 29;. (Allaboro. to I. at or in addition, 
 Hor. only.) 2, expr. Sy opus, labor, 
 with a verb : e. g. to I., opus facere (of 
 husbandry), Ter. Ad. 1, i, 21 : Cic. (v. 
 TO work) : to I. incessantly, nullum 
 ne minimum quidem tempus ad la- 
 borem intermittere, cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 
 II. II. To strive hard: enitor, con- 
 tendo: v. TO strive. |||, To toil, be 
 in distress : laboro, i (peril, the most 
 freq. sense of the verb) ; Caes. : Cic. : v 
 
 TO SUFFER. 
 
 under : laboro, i : the state l.s 
 
 under two opposite vices, duobus diversis 
 vitiis civitas I., Liv. J4, 4, init. May 
 sometimes be expr. by obnoxius: v. 
 
 LIABLE, SCBJFXT (adj.). 
 
 laboured : 1. Sperosus (?) : cf. 
 
 Hor. Od. 4, 2, J I. 2. affectatus: cf. 
 
 Quint. II, }, 10, qui curam et artem. . . 
 et quidquid studio paratur ut affectatm 
 el parum naturalia solent improbare 
 (whatever does not come naturally is 
 affectatus). 
 
 labourer : 1. Sperarius : to pro- 
 cure l.s, o. parare, Cass, in Varr. i, 17, 
 med.: Cato: Cic. 2. opera (a "hand:" 
 agr. 1. 1.) : to hire Is. operas conducere, 
 Col. J, 21, ad fin. : Hor. 3. merce- 
 
 narius (a hired I.) : to treat slaves like 
 hired l.s, uti servis ut meicenarii.-, Cic. 
 Off. 1,1 J, 41: Varr. 4. bajiilus: v. 
 rouTEK. I'hr. : the class of l.s, *qui 
 operam conducticiam praebent : cl. Varr. 
 R. R. I, 17. 
 
 labouring (adj.): dperarius: a I. 
 man, o. homo, Cic. Att. 7, 2, 7. 
 
 laburnum: cytisus: Piin. 16, }8, 7? 
 (c. laburnum, Linn.): also, laburmim, 
 Plin. 16, 18, }i. 
 
 labyrinth : labj?rinthus : Plin. 16, 
 ij, 19: where the description occurs, 
 (qui) itinerum ambages occursusque ac 
 recursus inexplicabiles continet (cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 27, inextricabilis error): Varr. 
 in Plin. 1. c. $ 91. (N.B.— If r.ed fig. it 
 should be qualified, as, quasi labyrinthus 
 quidam.) 
 
 labyrinthine: 1. labjrintheus : 
 
 Cat. 2. labyrinthicus: Sid. 3. 
 
 usu. better expr. by inexplTcabilis, inex 
 tricabllis : v. preced. art. 
 
 lace (subs.) : I. The textile fabric r 
 *opus reticulatum, tixta reticulata: 
 Kr. H, A cord: perh. liiium: v. 
 
 THREAD. 
 
 lace ("•) •■ perh. necto, } : cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 2J9, pedibus talaria nectit. 
 Phr.: tightly l.d maidens, vincto pec- 
 tore virgines, Ter. Eun. 2, j, 2j. 
 
 lace-maker : perhaps limboliirius 
 (fringe-make)-): Pi. Aul. j, 5, 45. 
 
 lacerate : 1. lacero, i : to l. any 
 
 mie's baxk with the scourge, I. verbere 
 terga, Ov. F. 2, 696: so, Liv. j, 58, ad 
 fin... scissa veste tergum lacerainm virgis 
 ostendit: Lucr. : Hor. Fig.: my sor- 
 roif I.S and overcomes me, mens mo 
 moeror 1. et conficit, Cic. Att. }, 4, 1. 
 2. lanio, I (to tear in pieces, man- 
 gle: stronger than preced.): Cic: Liv. • 
 
 V. TO MANGLE, TEAR. 3. SBCO, Ui, 
 
 ctum, I (poet.) : jnickly bj-ambUs I. the 
 body, hirsuti s. corpora veprcs, Virg. G. 
 J, 444 : l.d by the scourge, sectus flagcllis, 
 Hor. Epod. 4, 1 1 : Ov. : Mart. See also 
 foil. art. 
 
 lacerated (part, adj.) .• l. lacer, 
 era, erum : a body I. by the scourge, 1. 
 verberibus corpus. Just. 21, 4, fin.: 
 Virg. : Ov. (strictly = torn in pieces, cf. 
 Liv. 1, IS, fin., laccrum in utroque curru 
 corpus [Metti]). 2 liiccralus, seclus 
 (with defining words) : v. to L-Vcekatk 
 
 laceration ; lacSratlo : Cic.
 
 LACK 
 
 LAMENTATION 
 
 LAND 
 
 lack (subs.) : InOpia ; or pxpr. by 
 desuiii, (Icticio: v. want, .-scaw'ITv. 
 lack (".) ■ 6geo, 2 : V. i\) wakt. 
 laC(iaer (subs.) .■ * guoinii laccae 
 (Kr.). 
 
 laCQuer ("•)■ 'gummi laccae ob- 
 duco (Kr.). 
 
 lacuuey : 1- pMissSquus (or with 
 one n), J. -iir u titmng of l.s, pcdiss?- 
 quorum turba, Col. i, pre/'.: Cic. 2. 
 salutigeruhis punr ( who carries compli- 
 mentary mensays) : PI. Aul. J, $, 28. 
 See also r(HjT.NtAN. 
 
 laconic : LucOnicus : to be used cau- 
 tiously, as the udj. Is always in Lat. 
 used with distinct ref. to the people so 
 called : a I. saying, •Lacoiiicii qiiailiiin 
 brevitate dittuni. Cic. uses the Gr. 
 word Aoxuji'icr/iio? to denote lacmiic bre- 
 vity, Fain. II, 25. 
 
 laconically : 'Laconica quadam 
 brevitate. 
 laconism : v. laconic 
 lacteal : *Ucteiili8, e (as med. t. t.). 
 lad : P'l'T, adolescens . V. MOV, youth. 
 ladanum : ladiimuu (led-).- Plin. 
 ladder : scala ; more frcq., scalae. 
 arum (the pi. indicating t?ir sU'pa): one 
 I., unae s., Cato, R. K. u : to carry 
 a weight up a I., pondera contra scalas 
 ferre, Varr. in Plin. 7, 20, 19 the steps 
 of a I., scalarum giadus, Caec. in Cic. 
 Fam. 6, 7, ?. See also scaling-laddek. 
 lade (i>.) : onfiro, i : v. to load. 
 laden (part, and adj.) : 1. Onus- 
 tus: ships I. (freighted) teith grain, 
 naves o. frumeuto, Cic. Off. }. 12, 50: 
 Lucr. : Tac. 2. gravis, e (heavily- 
 laden, encumbered) : ships heavily I. 
 with spoil, naves spoliis gr., Liv. 29, jj, 
 ad init. : so, agnien grave praeda, id. 
 21, ;, med. 3. gravidus (lit. preg- 
 nant : hence poet.) with I. udder, g. 
 ubere, VIrg. G. j, 517 : Lucr.: Ov. 4. 
 plenus: bees with thighs I. with honey, 
 apes crura thymo plenac. Virg. G. 4, 
 181 : an army hearily laden with booty, 
 exercitus plenissimus praeda, Inscr. in 
 LIv. 41, 28. 
 
 lading (subs.) .- 6nUS • v. FRBIGHT. 
 
 ladle (subs.) : 1. ligula or lin- 
 gfila : used for skimming. Col. 9, 15, 
 fin. : Plin. 2. truUa (tsp./oc serving 
 wine from the crater to the cups) : bi-ass, 
 wooden l.s, t. aheneae, ligneae, Calo, 
 R. R. I J : sometimes of cosily materials, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 27, 62. (The trulla was 
 also called Cpichysis, cf. Varr. L. L. 5, 
 26 } 124.) 3. (f)cyathus (concerning 
 the precise use of which, v. Di-. Smith's 
 Diet. Ant. «. t>.) . Varr. L. L. I. c. : Hor. : 
 Juv. 4. cochlear, cochleare, cochle- 
 arium : v. spoon. 
 
 ladle ('»■) •• nearest word, haurio : v. 
 
 TO DRAW (II.). 
 
 lady : 1. miitrona (a married I.) : 
 V. matron. 2. dOniina, h^ra (at the 
 
 head of a household): v. mistkkss. In 
 Ken. sense, the ladies, mulieres, feminae . 
 
 V. WOMAN. 
 
 lady - day : * die.s annuntiationls 
 V. B. M. 
 
 lady-like ; 1. libfiralis, e (of or 
 befitting <i free uoman): Join: homstus 
 et Uberalis, Ter. Andr. i, 1, 96 (forma 
 honesta et liberalis) ; lepida ct liberalis 
 (forma), I'l. Kp. i, 1,4;. 2. hdnestus: 
 V. bespkctahlk. 
 
 ladyship: expr. by domtna, bgra: 
 
 V. MISTUtSS. 
 
 lady's-maid: ornatrlx: Ov. A. A. 
 }, 2J9: Suet. 
 
 lag (w) •• cesso, I : v. to loiter. 
 
 laggard (subs.): cessator: Hor. S. 
 2, 7, 100 : Cic. Sometimes tardus may 
 serve: cf. Hor Ep. i, 2, extr. 
 
 lagging (adj.) : tardus : cf. preced. 
 art. 
 
 lagoon : lacuna (collectio aquae, 
 Fe.st. .<!. v.) : cf. Lucr. ?, 10.14 (where it 
 is applied to the sea generalh/). 
 
 laic: lAicus: Viilg. 1 Sam. .\xi. 4: 
 Tert. 
 
 lair: 1. IStTbulum (/»rA-i/7p-;7a<-e, 
 covert) : to fiide in their l.s, latibulis se 
 tegere, Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42. 2. 
 
 cubile, is, ji. (the nest, bed, or lair of any 
 creature): I'haedr. 2, 4, 12. Phr. : to 
 
 rouse the wild-beast from his J, feram 
 frutia-to fsilva, etc.J latitantem ex- 
 cliare, cf. Hor. Od. j, 12, extr. 
 
 laird: domlnus: v. MAi-TER. 
 
 laity : 'a>c' (sc. homines) : Tert. 
 
 lake : lacus, us : the I. of O'eneva, I. 
 Lemannus, Caes. . Virg. 
 
 lamb: I. Wk! animal: agnus, /. 
 -a: Varr.: Cic: Hor. Adj., afiiiiims, of 
 a lamb, lambs': llln. See also lamii- 
 KIN. II. 77ie /ks/i ; agniiia (SC. caro) : 
 PI.: Hor. 
 
 lambent : expr. by lambo, \, j . a l. 
 flame plai/s about his hair, Innoxia 
 lambere flamma comas, Virg. Aen, 2, 
 684. 
 
 lambkin: 1. agniculus: Am. 7, 
 12, p. 219. 2. agnellus (as term of 
 
 endearment): PI. As. j, }, 77. 
 
 lame (adj.) •• 1. claudus (usn. of 
 the person) : I. of one leg, claudus altero 
 pede, Nep. Ages. 8: also absol., a I. cob- 
 bler, c. sutor, PI. Aul. I, 2, 7 (i, I, J4); 
 also of tlie limb, Hor. Od. 5, 2, ertr. 
 (pede claudo). See also limhino. For 
 fig. sense, v. crippled, imperfect. 2. 
 dcbilis, e (In gen. sense, ijifirm, dis- 
 abled): a I. leg. d. crus, Suet. Vesp. 7. 
 To be I , claudicare, Cic: Ov. (claudere 
 occurs only In fig. sense: v. to halt). 
 Phr.: a I. excuse, excusatio parum 
 justa s. idonea, cf. Cic. Fam. 16, 25. 
 
 lamely : I. "f the body .- Phr.: 
 to ualk I., claudicare: v. lamk. ||. 
 Fig.: poorly, imperfectly: perh. im- 
 perfects, mendose ; V. IMPERFECTLY. 
 
 lameness: I. Lit.: 1. ciau- 
 
 ditas: I'lin. 2. claudicatio (rare. esp. 
 as temporary condition) : Cic. N. D. i, 
 JO, 8;: Col. 6. 12, init. 3. claudiso, 
 inis,/. (not class.): Veg. Vet. i, 26, init. 
 4. dcbilltas (i7ifirmity disabling the 
 whole or part of the body) : more pre- 
 cisely, d. pedum, Tac. H. i, 9. (May 
 often be expr. by verb e. g. 1/ the I. is 
 caused by suffering in the sinnvs, si 
 dolore nervorum claudicat [lx)sj. Col. 6, 
 12, med.) II. Fig.: intirmitas: v. 
 
 WEAKN|.:.'*.S. 
 
 lament (v.) .- 1. Umentor, i 
 (strictly al^nid : hence an action thought 
 unbecoming a .nan cf Pac. In Cic. Tusc 
 2, 21, fin.) : to I. any one's blindness (of 
 women), caecitatem alicujus 1., Cic. Tusc. 
 5, }8, 112. Join: flere ac lamentari, 
 Cic. ; 1. ac plangere. Suet. 2. deploro, 
 I (strictly, to weep much, Intrans. ; also 
 in gen. sense, with direct ace. : stronger 
 than Eiig.) : to I. disasters, calamitates 
 d., Cic. Ph. II, 2,6 3. lugi-o. 2: V to 
 
 MOURN. GRIEVE FOR. 4. I'eo. vi, tum, 
 
 2 ; intens. defleo (chiefly poet, in this 
 sense): v. to weep for. 5. miseror, 
 1 (to regard and speak of as miserable 
 or to tie pitied) .- cf. Caes. B. G i, jg, 
 commune pcriculum miserabantur : v. 
 
 to commiserate, PITY. 
 
 lament (■'■'"('*•.) ; v. lamentation. 
 
 lamentable : \, Tobe deplored : 
 
 I, liiinentabnis. e (poet, in this 
 sense) : Virg. Aen. 2, 4. 2. niise- 
 randus : Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 12 (misera ac 
 mlseranda) : Sail. 3. lacrimabilis, e 
 (poet.): Virg. (Flebilis in this sense 
 should be confined to verse : in Cic. Ph. 
 II. Ji 7. p<jnite ante oculos miseram 
 illam et ihbilem speciem, the sense is 
 piteous : q. v.) See also sad, mournful. 
 
 II, Expressing lament or grief- 
 1, lamentiibilis: to deplore with I. 
 
 cries : 1. voce deplorare, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
 I J. J2 2. flebTlis, e: Cic: cf. supr. 1 
 (fin.).: v. plai¥Tive, piteous. 3. 
 lacrimabilis : a I. groan, gemltus 1., 
 Virg. Aen. J, 59. 
 
 lamentably : \ in a manner to 
 
 be lamented : miserandum In niodiim : 
 Cic. Prov. Cons. ;, 5. ||. In a manner 
 expressive of sorroiu : 1. fieblllter : 
 
 Cic. : v. riTEOUSLV, PLAINTIVKLV 2. 
 
 lacrimabiliter (late and rare): Hler. 
 
 (Or expr. by modal adj.. lamentabili 
 
 voce, etc.: v. preced. art. II.) 
 
 lamentation: I. In usu. sense: 
 
 1. liimentum, usu. pi. (loud outcry 
 
 of (trief) : l.s of fi-iends (at a funeral), 
 
 lamenUi anilcoriim, Cic. Sen. 20, 7} : 
 
 very oft. with another word, e. g. la- 
 
 2 F 
 
 menta lacrimaeque, I. lactusque, Cic 
 planclus el I., Tac.*: v. weepikg. WAUr 
 IXG. 2. lamentatio (the act of utter- 
 ing lauienta, cf supr ) .- Cic. : Liv. ; 
 Just. Join: lamentatio fieiUAque; 
 plangor et 1.; Let genntus. Cic (Mot 
 in the poets.) 3. conipioraiio (loud L, 
 esp. of a numlier together) : Liv. : GelL 
 The form coniploratus, iis, •i\M> occurs, 
 Liv. 4, plOratus, us (i/«f-^ii/p, uwii- 
 ing): Liv. 5, fleius, us Cic: esp. 
 
 with another word, v. lupr. (2); v. 
 WEEPING. ||. 77iP book <>l I J, lamenta^ 
 tiones .Jereniiue Vulg. 
 
 lamented (pai t. wij.) : 1, d6a- 
 
 deralus, cf. ln.scr. in torcell., parentes 
 
 fllio desideratissimo, to their most I. son. 
 
 2. flebilis, e (poet, in ihb sense): 
 
 Hor. Od. I, 24, 9. 
 
 lamenting (subs.) : v. lamektatiob. 
 
 lamina: lamina (sync. lamna.poeL): 
 v. pl-vtk. 
 
 laminated : *laminatu8 . as scient. 
 t. t. (= lamiuis consistens). 
 
 lamp: 1. liicerna: Cic: Hor. 
 
 i'imin.,liiceniula, Hier. 2. lyclinus(Gr. 
 Avj;i/o5- esp. of an oinametdal or festive 
 kind) : hanging l.s. pendenies I., Lucr. 
 5, 296 : cl. Cic Coel. 28, 67. 3. lumen 
 (a light in gen. sense): v. light (II.). 
 
 lamp-black : fuligo, Inis, f. {any 
 soot) : cf. Quint, n, j, 2j. 
 
 lamp-Stand: lychnuchus (frequent- 
 ly, /luj/j/uiy . pensilis, Plin.) : Cic. y. Fr. 
 i. 7- 
 
 lampoon (subs.) : famosum carmen 
 Hor. Ep. I, 19, JI ; also, lamosi versus, 
 id. S. 2, I, 68 : also, f. libellus (in prose 
 or verse). Suet. Aug. 55. Phr.: to com- 
 pose a I., Carmen condcre quf>d infa- 
 mlam faciat fiaglilumve alteri, .\lI.Tab. 
 in Cic. fr. Rep. 4, 10; c. malum condere 
 in aliquem, Hor. S. 2, i, 82; probrosum 
 carmen adversus aliquem lacere, Tac. A. 
 14. 48. 
 
 lampoon ("■) •■ famosls s. probrosis 
 carniinibus lacesso; etc.: v. preced. art. 
 
 lamprey : prob. miiraena : PI. Cic : 
 Hor. JJimin. muraenula, Hier. 
 
 lance : 1. lancea : cf. Caes. B. 6. 
 8. 48, calcaribus equum conjungit eqno 
 tjuadrati, lancedque infesid (tJirustivg 
 at Mm with his I.), etc.: Tac: v. spear. 
 2. sarissa (of Maced. infantry): 
 Liv. 9, 19, med. Melon, of the men 
 themselves (" the loTKes "), Auct. Her. 4, 
 J2. 4J 
 
 lance (''■) •■ incido, aperio: Cels. 6, ij. 
 
 lanceolate : *Uncei51aliis : as hot. 1. 1. 
 
 lancer: laticearius(late): Amm. 21, 
 ihfin. 
 
 lancet: 1. scalpellum or -us: to 
 use the I., s. admovere (corpori), Cic 
 Sext. 65, init. : Ci-ls. 7, 2, med. (masc). 
 2. phiebiitiimns (for bleeding) : 
 Veg. Vet. 1, 2T,txtr - Coel. Aur. (Veg. 
 Vet. I, 22, med , uses s.igitta of on tti- 
 sl> ununtfor blood-letting.) 
 
 lancet-window: •lenestra lanceo- 
 lata (.') 
 
 land (subs.) : I. As distinguished 
 from iiaier : 1. terra Caes. . Qc. 
 h'y I. and sea, t. marique, Sail. Cat. ij: 
 Cic. also, terra ac mari, Cic Att. 10, 
 4, init. 2. tellus, firls, /. (pool.) 
 
 sea and I. veie indistitiguishahlr, mare 
 et t. nullum discrimen liab»b;int. Ov M. 
 I, 291. II, .4ny portion of preced. 
 
 ager, agri ; to bistow a grant of I., agrum 
 dare, Liv. 2, 16, mid. : to hold public I., 
 agros publicos tenere (possldere), Cic 
 Agr. 2. 26, 68 : Is paying dues or rent, 
 agri vectlgales, ib 2. 24, 64 Belonging 
 to or affecting such I., agrarius e. p. a 
 law for the all'itment ol I., lex agraria, 
 Cic: Liv. (pass.) |||. around, in 
 
 respect of its quality: s<51um . v soiu 
 IV. -•• country : the I of Italy, t 
 Italia (by no miatis gniit.), Liv 2;, 7: 
 Caes. viTV oft. pi , to nhatever l.f, in 
 quasciiiKiue t, Cic Rep. 2. 4, extr .See 
 COUNTRY (II.). V. Landed property : 
 
 V. ESTATE. 
 
 land (adj.) : 1. terrenus : /. ani- 
 mals, be^liae t. (opp. to aquatiles), Cic 
 N. I>. 2, 57. loj . ab-ol., lerreiia, orum 
 (sc. animalla). Quint. 11, 11, ij by the 
 I. route, t. itinere. I'lin. j, 8. 14 } S^ 
 4H
 
 LAND 
 
 LANGUIDN ESS 
 
 LAP 
 
 2. teiTestris, e (m. in -er extr. painting is dnscribed. fBy lopia, topia- 
 
 ^a^c'^ : I. animals, animantuin terrestre 
 genus Oic. Tim. is : I. forces, t. copiae, 
 Cae?. B. 0. j, lo Nep. a I. route, t. iter, 
 Auci. B. Alex. 25 : Plin. 3. pe'lester, 
 tris, tre (going on foot, opp. to by S'-a) : 
 esp. in plir. /. battles (opp. to iiaval 
 ones), p. piignae, Cic. de Sen. 5, ij : I. 
 routes, p. itinera, Cai-s B. G. j, 9. 
 
 landC".): A. Trans. \. To 
 
 disembark : expono, j : v TO disem- 
 bark (1 ). II, To get a fish to the 
 land: ad terram, ad ripam adduco(?). 
 B. i n t r ^1 n s. to go on shore : 
 egr dior, exec (wiih defining words); v. 
 TO DISKMB.VKK (II.). 
 
 laad-breezs: ventusapogaeus: Plin. 
 2, 4?, 44: usu. better expr. by circuml., 
 ven'US a mediterraneis regionibus ve- 
 Diens, Cels. 2, l, ad init. 
 
 landed (a (?■) •■ P h 1 . i. proprietors, 
 agrorum pussessores, qui agros possi- 
 dent . so, I. estates, possessiones Cic. 
 Agr. pass. : but the terms denote actual 
 holding, not true proprietorship : cf. 
 Long's Introd. Cic. Agr., vol. ii. j8o: 
 cf. Flor. J, I}, ex(r., agros. ..quasi jure 
 hereditario possidebant: a wealthy I. 
 proprietor, homo dives agris, Hor. S. i, 
 
 2. n- 
 
 landing (.subs.) .- 1. egressus, us : 
 where there was the best I., qua optiraus 
 erat e., Oaes. B. G. 5, 8. 2. exscensio 
 (o " descent," for hostile purposes): to 
 effect a I., ex. facere, Liv. 28, 8, vied. : 
 Curt. 3.- appulsus, iis (the act of 
 
 "putting to" to go ashore : esp. in atA. or 
 pl.) : to prevent any one from I., aliquem 
 [portubus et'] litorum appulsu arcere, 
 Liv. 27, JO, med. : Tac. : v. to land. 
 
 landing-place: (i") egressus, iis: cf. 
 preced. art. ( 1 ). P h r. : there were plenty 
 
 lia opera, Vitr.. Plin. 11. cc, is denoted 
 aitificial or fancy landscape.) 
 
 landscape-painter : Qui locorum 
 proprietates pingit . v. preced. an. 
 
 landslip: lapsus terrae; Liv. 21, 
 j6, init. 
 
 land-tax : vectigal, alls. n. (any 
 dot: ptyable by law) : to relieve public 
 land from I., agruni publicum vectigali 
 levare, Cic. Br. ;6, i ?6 : also the terra 
 scriptura was applied to the tax /Miid on 
 public pastures, Cic. Man. 6, 1 5. neque 
 ex Sy.-riptwa vectigal ciinservari pote>t, 
 1. e. the revenue from I. falls off. (In 
 late Lat. the terms agratiium, glebatio, 
 glebae collatio, occur, but are unsuitable 
 for gen. use.) 
 
 land-ward : (ad) terrain versus : v. 
 
 TOWARbS. 
 
 land-wind : ventus altanus, apo- 
 gaeus, qui e terra consurgit: Plin. 2, 
 
 4J> 44- 
 lane : via agraria, vicinalis : Ulp. Dig. 
 
 4J, 8, 2 1} 22. See also path, alley. 
 
 language : I. Human speech : 
 
 oratio the intercourse of I., orationis 
 societas, Cic. Off. I. 4, 12. (Semiu is 
 connected speech, discourse.) ||. The 
 speech of <me people as distinguished 
 from that of another : \, \\i\syxa.: they 
 differ from each other in I., lingua inter 
 se differunt, Caes. B. G. init. : the Latin 
 l, Latina 1., Cic. 2. sermo, oiiis, m. 
 (less properly in this sense: v. supr.): 
 works composed in the Greek I., libri 
 Graeco s. confecti, Nep. Hann. fm. : so, 
 id. Them. 10, etc.: cf. Cic. Off. i, Jl, 
 III, sermone eo debemus uti qui iiotus 
 est nobis, etc. (i. e. language, style of 
 conversation) : poverty of our native I., 
 patrii s. egestas, Lucr. : Hor. 3. Or* 
 
 of convenient l.s, appulsus faciles(erant), ; tio (rare) : Gell. 11, init. jjj. Diction : 
 Tac. A. 2, 8. 1 1. oratio (most gen. term) : charm- 
 
 landlady : I. innkeeper : caupona : ing. polished, elegant, florid I., o. suavis, 
 Lucil. in Prise. 6, j, p. 684: v. ins- , polita, concinna, quasi verborum sen- 
 KEEPER. II Awoman who has tenants: tentiarumque floribus conspersa, Cic. 
 perh.domina: cf. landlord (II.). de Or. j. 25 : et pass. 2. verba, orum 
 
 landlord: I. innkeeper: caupo: 
 V. INNKEEPER. ||. Owver of land, 
 
 houses, etc. : dominus (absolute ovner) : 
 the l.s (proprietors) of houses let out (in 
 parts) to tenants, d. insularum. Suet. 
 Caes. 41 : the I. receives rent from the 
 tenant-farmer, * fundi domino annua 
 merces a colono (possessore) redit, cf. 
 Gfti. 2, ;i. 
 
 landmark; 1. 'imes, ms, to..- 
 
 cf. Virg. Aen. 12, 898 [saxum] limes 
 agro positus, litem ut discerneret arvis: 
 oftener, o boitiidii'"!/ line or wall: Hor. 
 Od. 2, 18, 25: Virg. (Limes also de- 
 notes a cross-path, balk bet tveen fields.) 
 2. lapis. Idis, »i. : Liv, 41, IJ: 
 Hygin. de lim. p. i«5 (Goes.). 
 land-measurer: 1. agrimensor 
 
 Amm. 19. II, med. 2. gromaticus 
 (so called from the use of the groma, a 
 kind of cross-staff: cf. Goes, lex.): Hygin. 
 (Forcell.) 3. dgcempgdator : Cic. Ph. 
 15. 18, ?7. 4. fitiiior (the earlier 
 term, which went out of use) : Cic. Agr. 
 2, I?, extr. (cf. Long's Cic. II., o. 4x1). 
 
 land-raeasurin - : 1. gromatica : 
 
 V. Fonell. s. V. (Ars or discipliiia may 
 be added, the word being strictly an 
 a4j.) A writer on I., scriptor gn.mati- 
 cus Hyginns. the writer on I., hears the 
 BUrname Gromaticus; and the various 
 authors de eadein re are sometimes d - 
 scribed a> Scnptores Gromati. i (v. Diet. 
 Ant. s. V. agrimensor) J also Scriptures 
 Rei agririae (Goes.). 2. expr. by 
 verb: aaros metiendi ars s. disciplina 
 V. to measi-re. 
 
 land-rail: v. corn-crake. 
 
 landS^aie: I. The actual scene: 
 forma et situs aeri, Hor. Ep i, 16,4; 
 regiotiis situs, Plin. Kp. ;, 6, i ?. P h r. : 
 the I. in front of the house consists of 
 woods ami mountains in the distance, 
 prospectat domus silvas et longinquos 
 monies, cf. Plin. Ep. 2, 17. S. _ II. A 
 picture of scenery . Ph T to paint /.s, 
 ah OTtis liicorum proprietatihus ima- 
 gines exprimere, Vitr. 7, 5, 2 ; fiumina, 
 fontes, mont»-8, etc , pingeie, ib. . cf. 
 Plin. jf, 10, t^ i 11^. where landscape- 
 434 
 
 most neighty I. and sentiments, gravis- 
 sima V. et seiitentiae, Cic. Fam. 10, 16 : 
 so, copia senteiitiarum atque v., id. Cael. 
 19. 4; : melanchohi, angry I., v. tristia. 
 plena in narum, Hor. A. P. 106. 3. 
 
 sermo ^xwticaitme general style of speech ; 
 verba serving to particularize words 
 and expressions) : elegance of I., ser- 
 monis e., Cic. Att. 7, J, 7 : prosaic I., s. 
 pedester, Hor. A. P. 95. 4. expr. by 
 dico, esp. ger. : to make choice of a style 
 of I., genus dicendi eligere, Cic. de Or. 
 J. 25. 91- IV. Expressions : 1. 
 
 verba, orum : most cnmplimentflry I., 
 honoriticentissima v., Cic. Ph. 14, 11, 
 29 : to excite hatred 67 one's I., verbis 
 odia movere, Virg. Aen. 2, 96 : to use 
 humble I., V. minoribus uti, Ov. Met. 6. 
 151. 2. dictum, both as part, and 
 subst (cf. L. G. } 642) as s ibst. es|i. 
 poet.: abusive and insulting I., maledice 
 contumelioseque dicta (in aliquem), cf. 
 Cic. Oit. I, J7, I !5 : lo compare anyone's 
 I. with his conduct, dicia alicujus cum 
 factis componere, .Sail. .fug. 48 : Quint. 
 with such I., talibus d., Virg. (pass.) 
 Phr. : very insulting I., magna contu- 
 melia verborum, Caes. B. G. ;, 58: Cic: 
 so, to use insulting I ,C'intum- liasdicere, 
 I>iv. 2;, 22, ad fin. : alsn, probri dicere, 
 Ov. A. A. ;, 49; jactare (in aliquem). 
 Liv. 29, 9 (v. reproach, insult). 
 
 languid : 1. lanauldus (drooping, 
 faint; hence, vanting fo ce) eyes I. 
 and dull, ocnli 1. et torpenies. Quint. 11, 
 J, 76: I. pulsation, 1. ictus venarum, 
 
 Plin. II, ;7. 89: V. FAINT, LISTLESS. 
 
 Dimin. languidulus. Cat. 2. languens, 
 ntis (= preced.): Cic: Caes. (So to be 
 I., langueo ; become so, languesco : v. to 
 LANGi'isH. FLAi;.) 3. reniissus {s?<ic/^- ; 
 wanting in energy): opp. to anilis i;na- 
 vusque. Hiir. Ep. I. i 8, 90 v. listlf.ss. 
 4. marclilus (lit. nithered, d'oop. 
 ing : iate) I. repose, marcida fluxuj 
 otia, Claud. Cons. Hon. ?, 40: Stat. 
 Also, marcens, entis: Tac. G. j6. See 
 
 also TO LANGUISH. 
 
 languidly : languide : Caes. : Cic. 
 languidness : v. languor. 
 
 languish : 1. langueo, ::i, 2 ; irr 
 cept. languesco, \ (to lie or become faini, 
 feeiile. or remiss) : to I in tiody (^become 
 un,iell), corpore languescere, Cic. Fin. 4, 
 24, 6; : love l.s (without a rival), lan- 
 guet amor, Ov. A. A. 2, 4?') ; all emotion 
 I.S, omnis affecius languescit. Quint. 11, 
 }, 2. (N.B. — Not to be used 01 nasting 
 sickness cf. in//-.) 2. niarceo, 2 (lit 
 to wither, droop : not in Cic.) • to I. with 
 luxury, m. lu.xuria, Liv :j, 45 Cels. 
 Incept, languesco. Liv. Plin. 3. ta- 
 besco, }: v. TO pine, waste. See also 
 TO DROOP, FAIL. Phr.- the var l.'d 
 for want of supplies, *propter comme- 
 atus inupiam stienue geri helium non 
 pote1-.1t ; magis trahebatur belliim quam 
 gerebatur (v. to drag on, mti .) : uar- 
 like preparations I., belli apparaius re- 
 frifesciint, Cic. Ph. 5, 11, 50: commerce 
 l.s amidst civil strife, *inter sodiiiones 
 afBignntur c<]inmercia (cf (.'ic. Agr. 2, 
 JO. 8j, cetera vectigalia belli dilliciilta- 
 tibus afifliguntur) : but the verb denotes 
 actual prostration : perh. refrigescunt 
 may be ^o used . cf. supr. 
 
 languishing (aiO-)' \. Wasting: 
 tabescens, labidus- v. TO pink, pining. 
 II, Having a languid, enamoured 
 look: 1, languidus ; more fully 
 
 amore languidus (e. g. oculus) . cf. ApuL 
 Met. J, p. 56, oculi libidine marcidi 
 2. marcidus : v. supr. (I). 3 
 piiter, tris, ire (lit. rotten , hence, wan- 
 ton): cf. Hor. Od. I, j6, 17, omnes in 
 Damalim putres deponent oculos. 
 
 languishingly : languidis (ut ejus 
 qui amore dcpereat) oculis : cf preced. 
 art. 
 
 languor : 1. languor (of body or 
 mind . of the former, usu. fatigue or 
 sickness : q. v.) : repose and solitude 
 cause I. (inaction, laziness). I. afferunt 
 hominibus otium et solitudo, Cic. Off. 
 init. See also listlessness. 2. expr. 
 by neut of languidus : esp. as part 
 gen. : no I. or slackness, nihil languidl 
 neque remissi. Sail. Jug. 5}. 3. 
 
 marcor (chiefly in late writers) : I. and 
 iiresistible drowsiness, m. et itiexpugna- 
 bills dormiendi necessilas, Cels. t. 10: 
 
 1. (u ant of vigour) in a general, m. duels, 
 Veil. 2, 119. 
 
 lank : 1. prolixus (long and 
 
 stretched out) : hair hanging loose and 
 I., capillus passus, prolixus, Ter. Heaut. 
 
 2, J, 49 : vool I. and not shaggy, p. 
 villus nee asper. Col. 7, j, post init. : of 
 I. figure, corpore p. atque exili, cf. 
 Suet. CI. JO. 2. strigosus : v. lean, 
 
 THIN. 
 
 lankness: expr, by prolixus: ▼. 
 
 preced. art. 
 
 lanky : v lank. 
 
 lantern: 1. latema (lant-): to 
 carry a I. before any one, alicui 1. prae- 
 ferre,Val. Max^6, 8. i: Cic: Plin. 2. 
 meton. cornu, iis: PI. Am. i. i, 188: c£ 
 PI. 11, 16 16 } 49, laternae cornu. 
 
 lantern-bearer: iaternarius(lant-): 
 Cic. • cf. preced. art. 
 
 lantem-jaws : (homo) buccis fluen- 
 tibus (?) : Cic. de Or. 7, 66, 166 ; facie 
 propter maciem deformis: cf. Hor. Od. 
 J, 27, 5J. 
 
 lap (subs.) : I. Of a garment : lad- 
 nia he trod on the I. (border) of his toga, 
 togae 1. calcavit. Suet. Cal. jq". PI. : Cic. 
 fl'- II. ^'f '^ person : \. grSmlum 
 (indicative of atfectian or favour): a 
 child sitting in its mother's I., filius in 
 g. (matris) sedens, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 8$: 
 Virg. Fig.: the I. of the earth, Cic 
 Sen. M. 51. 2. sinus iis (formed by 
 the folds of the toga): cf. Liv. 21, 18, 
 Jin. Also = gremium . brought up in 
 his mother's I. (fig.), in (matris) sinu 
 [indulgentiaque], Tac. Agr. 4. Phr.. 
 men expect that hajypiness should drop 
 into their l.s, Vompressis quod ainnt 
 manibus sedent homines, exspectantec 
 dum b /na ultro ad se deferantur. 
 
 lap (''•) ■• |. To lick up : lambo, i, 
 J : Phaedr. i, 25, 6 Vulg. Jud. vli. 5 : 
 V. TO LICK. (N.B. Tennyson has to 
 lap = to cause a sound as of one lap- 
 ping : I heard the water lapping cm the 
 crags, 'lambentes scopulos [lenem] sont
 
 LA P - D t» G 
 
 LAST 
 
 L A T K 
 
 tnm dedere fluctus.) ||. To spread 
 
 over: v toovkrlap. 
 
 lap-dOK : calcllus (used as term of 
 endearment) : Hor. S. 2, }, 259 : Pi. 
 
 lapfull : eapr. by gr^mmiu, binus : 
 cf. Ov. K. 4, 456. 
 
 lapidary : scalptor (nearpst word 
 = engraver) : I'lln. }-j, 4, 15 $ ^• 
 
 lappet: lacinia: v. lap (1.). 
 
 lapse (subs.) : I. Sliding motion : 
 lapsus, lis: e. g- of Stan, (^ic. poei.fr.: 
 Virg. : V. FLIGHT (I., 2). ||. I'assing 
 away of time : fuga (poet.) : e. g. tempo- 
 rum, Hor. Od. 5, JO, 5. Ph r. : after the 
 i. q/"a yeac, iiuerjecto anno: v. intkb- 
 VAL (3). Ill, All error: peccatum, 
 
 erratum : v. eukor (III.), fault. 
 
 lapse ("•) : \. To glide_: labor, j : 
 V. TO GLtDK. II, To err : labor, pecco, 
 etc.: V. TO ERR (11., III.). III. To 
 
 fall or fiass away frrnn a propnetor : 
 rSvenor, etc. : v. to escheat. 
 
 lapsed (part, adj.): ciducus: cf. 
 
 ESCHF.AT (1). 
 
 lapstpne : 'incus sutoria. 
 lapwing: *fringilla vuiifllus: Linn. 
 larboard: laeva, sinistra (sc.manus) : 
 V. LEFT (adj.). 
 
 larceny : furtum : v. theft. 
 
 larch : larix, Icls, /. .■ Plin. A'lj. : 
 larignus : e. g. 1. materia, larch, timber, 
 Vitr. 2. 9. 16. 
 
 lard (subs.) : adeps. laridum, lardum 
 (bacon fat): v. fat (subs). 
 
 lard ("•)■• Phr. : to I. poultry, *f^a.\- 
 linas larldo inserto ad coquendum parare. 
 
 larder : camarlum : PI. Cure. 2, i, 
 45: Plin.: (or, a cupboard or rack for 
 hanging meat in, cf. Gesn. Lex. Rust. 
 ■!. v.). 
 
 large : 1. grandis (applicable to 
 whatever is large of its hind) : I. tar- 
 bot», g. rhombi, Hor. S. 2, 2, 9^ : I. 
 stones, g. saxa, Oaes. B. G. •], 2? : Plin. : 
 a very I. sum of money, g. pecunia, Cic. 
 Kab. Post. 2, 4. Hence, rather I., siib- 
 grandis or suugrandis (v. rare), Cic. 
 Q. Fr. }, I, I ; very I., ]>ergrandis, Cic. : 
 PI. 2. magniis (v. i.reat) : a I. and 
 beautiful Timnsion, domus ni. pulchra- 
 que, Cic. N. D. 2, 6. 17 : to pick out the 
 hirgest seeds, maxima quaeque semina 
 manu legere, Virg. ij. i, 199 : a I. sum 
 •f money, m. pecunia, Cic. Att. 11, j. 
 
 3. amplus: v. spacious. (N.B — 
 Largus is copious, abundant, rather than 
 large.) Phr.: at large, solutus : / 
 wander at I., solutus (sc. catena) vagor, 
 Phaedr. }, 7, 20: cf. Cic. Tusc. i, ji, 
 75, qui in compedibus corporis semper 
 fuerunt, etiam quum soluti funt, rven 
 when they are set at I. : so, eniitti e 
 custodia et levari vinculis, Cic. Tusc. i, 
 49, 118. See also lekgth (at). 
 
 largely: I. Copiously, liberally : 
 
 I. large : v. libekallv. 2. pro- 
 lixe : to promise t. about ani/thing, p. de 
 aliqua re promittere, Cic. Fam. 7, 5 : Per. 
 
 II. Diffusely: prolixe: e.g. fabu- 
 lari, Gell. 12, i, init. 
 
 largeness : amplltudo : Caes. : Cic. : 
 V. SIZE. Or expr. by ailj. : v. large. 
 
 largess : 1. donatlvum (esp. a 
 
 donative to the soldiers under the em- 
 pire) : Tac. H. I, 18 : Suet. 2. <on- 
 giarium (strictly, of corn or corn-money 
 to the penpU) : cf. Suet. Xer. 7, populo 
 congiarium, militi donativum proposuit: 
 Tac. 3. largitio (any lavish bestoir- 
 ment ; esp. uith a corrupt purpose): to 
 gain the good'iiU of the soldiers by l.s, 
 largitlone redimfre militum voluntates, 
 Caes. B. C. 1. 59, extr.: v. bribery. 
 
 4. expr. by largior, 4 : cf. Sail. Cat. 
 54. Cato nihil largiendo gloriam adeptus 
 (by nerer descending to corruption, 
 giving of largesses). 
 
 largish : subgrandis (sugg.), e : Cic. 
 y. Fr. J, 1. I. 
 
 lark : iilauda ; Plin. The crested l, 
 cassita, Gell. 2, 29. (Alauda cristata, 
 Liim.) 
 
 larynx: nearest word, guttur, urls, 
 n. : V. throat. (iUit larynx, ngis, m. 
 [Gr. Aiipvyf] should be used as med. 
 t.t.) 
 
 lascivious : 1. saUx. acis (esp. of 
 antmaU: lustful: a.s applied to rational 
 
 beings, a stronger term than Kng.) : the 
 I. god, s. Deus (I'riapu.s), Auct. Priap. : 
 Lact. (de Jove) : a I. plant (^provoking 
 lust), herba s., Ov. A. A. 2,421. (N.B. — 
 Not to be used of women.) 2. las- 
 civus (moro freq. in liimKient sense, v. 
 Si-OBTIN K, FROLICSOME) very I. pictures, 
 lascivissiniae picturae. Suet. Tib. 4J . 
 Ov.: Mart. 3, libldinosus : v. llst- 
 FUL, licentiocs. 4. pftulans, ntis, 
 (also In less offensive sense: v. pert) : 
 Cic. Par. }, I, 20. (.\.B.— liare in this 
 sense, and always a niiM expr.) 5. 
 p^tulcus (esp. of animals): Serv. Virg. 
 
 0. 4. lo. 6. pr6l<rvus: v. pert, 
 wanton. To be I., prurire (lit. to itch) : 
 Cat. 16,9: Mart. Phr.: I. paintings 
 or representations, Ubidlnes: c. g. libi- 
 dines pingere, caelare, Plin. J5, 10, jO, 
 (j 72 eic. : I. poems, versus molliculi ac 
 parum pudici, Cat. 16, 8. 
 
 lasciviously : 1. lascivg (of. pre- 
 ced. art. 2): Apul. 2. pelulanter: 
 Cic. Coel. lb, fm. See also wantonly. 
 
 laSCiviousneSS : lascivia, libido, 
 etc. : v. LICKNTIOCSNESS, WANTONNESS. 
 
 lash (subs.): I, The instrument: 
 
 I, lorum : usu. in pi., the lash con- 
 sisting of several pieces of leather : to 
 liecU with lashes, loris caedere aliquem, 
 Cic. Ph. 8, 8, 24 : to be galled with the 
 I., loris uri, Hor. Kp. i, 16, 46. 2. 
 sciitlca (of a slight kind) : flagellum 
 (heavy and knotted) : v. whip, scourge. 
 
 ||. The bUiiv : verber, gris, n. (chiefly 
 in pi., and only in nom. dat ace. sing.) . 
 V. stripe. 
 
 lash (''•) .• I. ^o apply the ichip : 
 verbfro, flagello, i : v. to beat, scourge. 
 
 II. To censure with severity : cas- 
 tigo, 1: to l. the senate violently, in 
 senatu castigando vehementem esse, 
 Liv. I, 19, med.: Cic. See also to in- 
 veigh. Ill, romoi-e/ast (o: annecto, 
 alllgo : V. to FASTEN to. 
 
 lass: puella: v. girl. 
 
 lassitude : lassltudo : v. -weari- 
 ness. 
 
 last (subs.) : forma, Hor. S. 2, J, 106: 
 Ulp. Dig. Phr.: let the cobbler stick to 
 his I., ne supra crepidam sutor (Judi- 
 caret): Plin. 15, 10, {6, } 8?. 
 
 last (adj) ■■ I. l-'i'nal ■ 1. pos- 
 trenius (s^nctXy , hindmost) : to put some 
 thim^s first, others I., alia prima ponere, 
 alia p.. Cic. Or. 15, 50 : the I. tribute (of 
 affection), mortis p. munus. Cat. loi, 
 } ; for the I. time, postremum (with a 
 verb). Ter. Andr. 2, i, 22: Cic. 2. 
 ultimus (strictly,/a)-</ws( back or away; 
 in which sense Cic. uses the word: cf. 
 Inv. 2, 2, ?, ab ultimo principio, most 
 remote in time) : to put I. first, praepo- 
 nere ultima primis, Hor. S. 1,4, 59: to 
 whiim tluit dhy xvas to be the I., quibus 
 u. esset ille dies, Virg. Aen. 2, 248. 3. 
 extremus (strictlj-, outside) : the I. month 
 of the yar, mensis ex. anni, Cic. Leg. 2, 
 21, 54 (but extremo mense, at the end of 
 the numth) : a I. embrcue, ex. complexus, 
 Cic. Verr. ;. 4;, 118: for the I. time, ex- 
 tremnni (with a verb), Ov. Tr. 1, i, i; : 
 the I. day, extremus ille dies (v. judg- 
 ment-day). 4. novisslmus (concern- 
 ing the origin of this word, see Varr. 
 L. L. 6, 7, 5 59) : priiry to every scheme 
 but the l, omnium consiliorum nisi no- 
 vissimi particeps, Sa'l. Jug. 71 : Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 56. 5. iuprenius (not in Cic, 
 and usu. with ref. to something import- 
 ant) : I. vill (and testament), s. volun- 
 tas, Tac. H. I, 48. extr.: to pay the I. 
 honours (funeral), suprema solvere, 
 Tac. A. I, 61 : in one's I. moments, in 
 supremis. Quint. 6, prooem. 11. So is 
 sometimes used summus: e. g. summa 
 dies, Virg. AetL 2. 124. See also loll, 
 artt. Phr.: </i« ?. but one, p,ienultimus, 
 .Aus. ■ esp. paenultima (sc. syilaba), the 
 
 1. siiWtble but (me, (Jell. 4, 7 : to breathe 
 one's I., animam efRare, Cic. Mil. 18, 
 extr. ; spiritum extremum trahere, 
 Phaedr. I, 21, 4 (but iicllher phr. as a 
 mere syn. for to die: v. to expire): to 
 be on one's I. legs, perh. in (summas) an- 
 gnstias adducl, Cic. (Juint. 5, 19. ||, 
 Jmmediately preceding : proximus : I. 
 night, on the night preceding that, p., 
 
 superiore nocte, Cic. Cat. i, I, I. Also 
 used of that which iiamedialely /oi. 
 lous: V. Smith's Lat. liict. propior, 
 B., II.) Phr. : I. evening, heri vesperi, 
 Ter.: Cic: v. testkrdav. 
 
 lasti at • 1. ad postremum : at 
 I. even the kings of .Syria did not refuse 
 
 to Syriae quoque ad p. reges nun 
 
 abnuerc, Liv. j8, i6,,'in. : Hirt. B. G. 8, 
 4?. See also finally. 2. ad extre- 
 mum (denoting the end of a matter; 
 whereas ad postremum refers rather to 
 ortter of succession) : at I. Utey were ex- 
 1 pelted from the country, ad ex. agris tx- 
 I pulsl (sunt). Caes. B. (J. 4, 4: Cic. 3. 
 \ denium (implying, tliat the thing has 
 j been long expe/sted) .- we are at I. landed 
 at Jour o'clock, quarla demum exponi- 
 mur hora, H<ir. : v. length (at). So 
 also denique (ib.). 
 
 last (adv.) : expr. by postrgmus, n6- 
 vissimus: Vie one who airires I. at tJie 
 meeting, qui ex iis novlssimus venit, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 56 : cf. L. G. ^ J4J. 
 
 last ("-): i. To continue: ddro, 
 permaneo, maneo; v. to enhcre. Ib 
 I. for a long time, perennare, Ov. A. A. j, 
 42: Col. II. To last out; i.e. prove 
 sufficient; sufficio, }: v. to suffice. 
 Phr.: the com he had u-ould t>artly I. 
 io days, fmmentum sc exigue dierum 
 XXX. habere, Caes. B. G. 7, 71. 
 
 lasting (<m) : 1. diutumus, dl- 
 utinus (U/ng continued) : nothing pre- 
 tended can be I., simulatum nihil potest 
 esse d., Cic. Off. 2, 12, 4} (v. long): 
 Liv. (who prefers the form diutinus: 
 Cic. has both). 2. pgrennis, e : Hor. 
 Od. }, JO, I : Cic. (in somewhat different 
 sense). 3. mansurus: v. abioiso. 
 Also sempiiernus, aetemus, may some- 
 times be used ; esp. in rhetorical or 
 poetic language. 
 
 lastingly : V. PERMANENTLY. (Some- 
 times semper, in perpeiuum : v. al- 
 ways, PERPETUALLY.) 
 
 lastly : 1. postremo, denique, etc : 
 v. FINALLY. 2. nSvissIme (in enume- 
 rations: late): Quint, j, 6, 2;, sq , has, 
 primum .... post haec .... delnde .... 
 novissime : Sen. 
 
 latch : nearest word, pessulus : ▼. 
 
 BOLT. 
 
 latchet: \. e. of a shoe: conigia: 
 Cic. Div. 2, 40, extr.: Vulg. Mar. i. 7. 
 
 late (a4j): \._ Coming after the 
 usual time : 1. serus a I. winter, 8. 
 hiems, Liv. j2, 28, med. : the latest kinds 
 of pears, serissiina pira, Plin. Esp. too 
 late : no time too I. for a good intention, 
 rectae voluntati s. est tempus nullum. 
 Quint. 12, 1, }l : Cic. 2 serotinus 
 (esp. of fruits, crops, etc.) : ii /. sou-ing, 
 s. sementis, Plin. 18, 24, 56, ^ 204: C«l 
 
 3. tardus (loitering t)e)iind time, 
 backward) : the I. nights (of summer), l. 
 noctes, Virg. G. 2,482: Ov. Join: tarda 
 et sera Qportenta], Cic. IMv. 2, jo, 64, 
 poet. 4. morans, ntis (loitering : 
 poet.): Virg. G. i, u8. ||. Far ad- 
 vanced : 1, multus : esp. in phrr, 
 till I. (far on) in the night, ad multam 
 noctcm, Caes. B. G. I, 26: I. at night, 
 multa nocte, Cic Q. Fr. 2. 9. 2 not till 
 I. in the day, multo denique die, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 22. 2. -*fnis (cf supr. 1. 1) : 
 I. in the night, sera nocte. Prop, i, }, lO; 
 Ov. Esp. netU. serum, as subs. : it utu 
 
 I. in the day, serum erat diei, Liv. 7, 8: 
 the entertainment icas prolongeit tilt I. 
 in the night, in senim noctis convivium 
 productum, Liv. jj. 48, mKl.: Suet.: 
 Tac. III. liecent in date: 1, rS- 
 cens. rgcentior : v. recen-t. 2. expr. 
 by infra (prep.). Infgrior, us: (Homer) 
 was not Utter thtin I.ycurgus, non intra 
 Lycurgum fuit, Cic. Br. 10,40: belong- 
 ing to a I. aye. inferioris aetatJs, ib. 64, 
 init.: also, aetate inferior, lb. 49. l82. 
 
 3. post (prep.^. iX)slgrior, us rather 
 later in date, aetaie posterior. Cic. Br. 
 
 II, 4{ later (•' serond") thoughts pos- 
 teriores cogitationes, Cic. Ph. 12, 2, 5. 
 
 4. in compar., prSplor, us (nearer 
 to present date): the later letter (of tiro), 
 p. epistola, L'ic. Att. i;. }. 6. in «u- 
 perl., nOvlssimus : v. last, adv. Phr. 
 I. Latin, infinia I^tinitss, Dn Cinge. 
 
 435
 
 LATE 
 
 LAUGH AT 
 
 I.A V A 
 
 IV. Last in office: Phr the I. 
 oonsuls, Coss. prions anni : v. ex-- V. 
 Departed this life; demortuus (esp. 
 with ref. to an office) : v. deceased. In 
 coUoq. use, perh. defunctus (but the 
 expr. has no parallel in Lat.) v. dead. 
 Under the Empire a deceased emperor 
 was spoken of as Divus (D.) ; cf. Tac. 
 Agr. 15, where the appellation is repre- 
 sented as being used by Britons. VI. 
 That has lately happened: proximus 
 (Just lief ore or after) : v. last, adj. (U.). 
 late (ad«.) : I, At an adcanced 
 time : 1. sero (I. in the day or sea- 
 son) : on that day I.entulas arrived I. in 
 the day, eo die L. venit sero, Cic. Alt "j, 
 21 : Liv. : Quint. ; sooner or later, gerlus 
 ocius, Hor. Od. 2, j, 26; serius aut citins, 
 Ov. ; superl., serissinie. Caes B.C. J, -j;: 
 Plin. Often = too late . to he wise too I. 
 (prov.), s. sapere, Fest. Cic. • Quint. : 
 in this sense the comp. also occurs, = 
 serins quam decet, oportet ■ can we )iear 
 something, or are ue come too I., possu- 
 mus audire aliquid an serius veninius? 
 Cic. Rep. I. I J. 2. expr. by multus: 
 V. LATE, adj (11., 1). il. Recently: v. 
 
 lATBLY. 
 
 lately : 1. niiper (not lovg since : 
 of an interval of time relatively short) : 
 tkey (the AUobroges) had I. been sub- 
 dvM, n. pacati erant, Caes. B. G. I, 6: 
 Cic. : Hor. 2, mSdo (a very short 
 time ago ; but now) : cf. (^ic. Vcrr. 4, j, 
 6, quid dico nuper? immo vero mod/), 
 ac plane paullo ante . / have just I. be- 
 come more friendly, sum amicior m. 
 faclus, Cic. Leg. 2, 2, init. . Ov. 3. 
 rficens v. recently. 
 
 lateness: expr. by serus: V. LATE. 
 (Someiiines tarditas may serve : v. slow- 
 ness, TARDINESS.) 
 
 latent: occultus; cf. Virg. G. I, 86. 
 As scienu t. t, latens- v. hidden, in- 
 
 VBIBLE. 
 
 lateral: expr. by a latere: cf. Caes. 
 B. G. ?, 19, ne quis inermibus militibu? 
 ab latere impetus fieri posset : v. side, 
 
 FLANK. 
 
 laterally : 1 latere : v. preced. art. 
 
 lath : perh. asserculus or tigillum 
 (any siiiall pole or beam) : v. Lat. Diet. 
 s.w. 
 
 lathe: tornas: Virg.G. 2, 449: Plin. 
 lb work on the I., tornare : v. to tdrn. 
 
 lather (sabs.): spuma (froth; or 
 anything restmbling it) : v. foam, 
 
 FBOTH. 
 
 lather (".).- Phr.: to l. the beard, 
 *mentuni sapoiiis spumis obducere. 
 
 Latin : Lalinus ; the L. language, L. 
 lingua, Cic. Fin. i, j, 10: the L. race, 
 genus L., Virg. Phr.; to speak L., 
 Latine loqui. Cic. de Or. i, j2, 144 (the 
 phr. denotes either to use the language 
 so called, or to speak it purely, more 
 fully, pure et Latine 1., C)ic. 1. c.) : to 
 know (understand) h., Latine scire, Cic. 
 C!aec. 19, 55 : to translate into L., Latine 
 reddere, Cic. de Or. i, 54, 155: L. style 
 or diction, Latinitas, Cic. (v. latinitt) : 
 the L. holidays, Latinae, arum (sc. fe- 
 riae) : Cic. • Liv, (Latino, Latinizo = 
 Latine reddo, are barbarous.) 
 
 Latinist. Phr.- to be a good L.. 
 Latinaruni literarum laude e.\ceUere, 
 Ruhnk. iu Kr. : specially with ref. to 
 writing Latin, *bene s. pulchre Latiue 
 scribere; Latinitatis probum s. bonuni 
 auctoreni esse : v. latin. 
 
 Latinity: Latinitas: abad authority 
 for L., uialus auctor Latinitatis, Cic. 
 Att. 7, }, 7. 
 
 latitude: I. Range, scope: esp. 
 of cKtiim or interpretation: 1, expr. 
 by libgre (with ref to action) : cf. Caes. 
 B. C. J, 51, alter libere ad snmmam re- 
 rum consulere debet, i. e. to use the ut- 
 most I. : also Quint. 6, 1,4?, omnia libere 
 fingimus, we allow ourselves the utmost 
 I. of fancy. 2. t>y late (esp. with 
 ref. to nide import of words) : the art is 
 important, and has great I. (of applica- 
 tion) : ars miigna est et 1. patet, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 55, 2};; cf id. Off. j, 17, 70, fidfi 
 bonae nomen niaimre latissime, i. e. had 
 the greatest I. of application. I'hr. 
 there xs greater I. for anything alicui 
 
 lel iaxior locus, Liv. 24, 8, init. ||, 
 As geogr. term : »latItudo • only as t. t. 
 (so Kr.). Phr. in the same I. as the 
 Chaldaeans then were, sub ea inclina- 
 tioue coeli sub qua Chaldaei tunc fue- 
 runt, Gell. 14, ad init. Viir. in diffe- 
 rent l.s, sub diversis coeli regionibus, 
 Gell. 1. c. : tra extent and parallel of I., 
 spatio ac coelo, Tac. Agr. 10 so, appy. 
 pusitio coeli et declinatio. Col. i, 6, 
 adfm. 
 
 latitudinal : in latitudinem v. 
 breadth. 
 
 latitudinarian (subs.). *qui libe- 
 rius senlit de rebus theologicis. 
 
 latitudinarianism : comp. preoed. 
 art. 
 
 latter: I. subsequent: posterior: 
 V. late (ill.). II. Last mentioned: 
 hie (out hie may mean the former where 
 it is the object immediately present to 
 the mind of the speaker, L. G. J j66, 
 Obs.) : cf. Sail. Cat. 54, init. : Cic (often 
 bic, ille = simply the one, the other, cf. 
 Quint. J, 6, 95, hie testamento, ille pro.x- 
 imitate nititur, where no Individuals 
 have been mentioned). 
 
 latterly; proximis his diebus, cf. 
 Cic. Am. 2, 7. 
 
 lattice: 1. cancelli, omm (any 
 cross woodrivork, esp. for the purpose 
 of a fence or barrier) : cf. Varr. R. R. 
 }, 5, perticae inclinatae et in eis trans- 
 versis perticis annexis, ad speciem can- 
 cellorum scenicorum. Cic: Ulp- Dig. 
 Hence, cancellare, to enclose vnth I.- 
 work. Col. : in the manner of l.-work, 
 cancellatim, Plin. 7, 20, 19. 2. trans- 
 enna (a rare word ; denoting lattice-uork 
 or grating, eap. for windows) : Cic. (who 
 has the prov. expr. quasi per transennam 
 aspicere, de Or 1, }5, 162); Non. 
 
 lattice- work : opus cancellatum s. 
 reticnlatum (Forcell.) : cf. preced. art. 
 
 laud : laudo, extollo . v. to praise, 
 extol. 
 
 laudable : 1. laudabllis, e ; Cic. : 
 Quint, (but used more lilce a verbal than 
 in Eng., and not simply as syn. for ex- 
 emplary, excellent). 2. laudalus (that 
 is actually the object of praise): the 
 mother of all I. arts, omnium 1. artium 
 parens, Cic. de Or. i, i, init. (Rare in 
 present sense.) 3. laude dignus: v. 
 praiseworthy. 4. bOnus (gen. term) : 
 cf. Sail. Cat. 10, fides, probitas, ceter- 
 aeque bonae artes : see also excellent. 
 
 laudableneSS : expr. by circuml. : 
 V. TO hkaisk; and preced. art. 
 
 laudably: laudablliter: Cic; Val. 
 Max. 
 
 laudation: 1. laudatio: v. EU- 
 LOGY. 2. praeconium (strictly, by a 
 public crier): Cic. Fam. 5, 12, }. See 
 
 also PRAISE. 
 
 laudatory : 1. hsnorif icus, comp. 
 
 -centior, -centissimus (iloing hmwur to) ; 
 most I. (complimentary) terms, honorifi- 
 centlssima verba, Cic. Ph. 14, 11, 29: 
 Caes. 2. laudativus (rhet. t. t): 
 Quint. J, 4, 12. 
 
 laugh (11.) ■ 1. rideo, si, sum, 2 
 (most gen. term, including to smile): 
 Crassus l.'d once in his life, Crassus se- 
 mel in vita risit, Cic. Fin. 5, jo, fin.: to 
 speak the truth Ling (playfully), riden- 
 tem dicere verum, Hor. S. i, i, 24. 
 Often fig., cf. Lucr. i, 8, tibi rident 
 aequora pontl: v. to smile. 2. ca- 
 chinno, i ; also, cachinnor, i (to laugh 
 aloud, expl-ode ivith laughter): cf. Cic. 
 Verr. ;, 25, 62, ridere convivae; cachin- 
 nare (al. -ari) ipse Verres: Lucr. 3, 
 very often expr. by risus, iis; cachinnus, 
 i : to set people l.ing, risum moverc, Cic. 
 lie Or. 2, 58, 215: the populace burst out 
 l.ing, r. pupuli factus est, id. Verr. 4, 
 12, 27: to burst out l.ing aU at once, 
 subito in cachinnos effuudi, Suet. CaL 
 
 32 : V. LAUGH (subs.), LAUGHTER. 
 
 at : 1. rideo, 2 (either plea- 
 
 santly or scornfully): to I. heartily at 
 any one's jokes, alicujus joca satis r., 
 Cic. Att. 14, 14, init. • Jove l.s at lovers' 
 perjuries, perjuros r. amantes .iupiter, 
 Prop. 2, 16, 47 to I. at one with good 
 reason, aliquem merito r., Quint. 8, j, 
 19 . Hor. 2. derideo, 2 (to I. to scorn. 
 
 q. V. ■ also with ace.) : v. to dekidb. 
 3. irrideo, 2 (to mock: same cod- 
 
 Str.) : V. TO RIDICULE, MOCK. 
 
 laugh out : cachinno, i : v. to 
 
 LAUGH (2). 
 
 to scorn : derideo, 2 (with ace.): 
 
 Join deridere atque coiitemnere, Cic, 
 de Or. J, 14, 54. 
 
 laugh, laughing (subs.)-. 1. ri- 
 sus, us . to set up a laugh, r. tollere, 
 Hur. A. P. j3 1 : to crack one's sides with 
 laughing, (paene) risu corruere, Cic Q. 
 Fr. 2, 10, nied.: to try to provoke a I., i 
 captare, Cic. Tusc. 2, 7, init.- to keep 
 from laughing, risu se continere, PI. As. 
 J, 2, 36; risum tenere, Hor. A. P. 5. 
 2. cachinnus (loud, boisterous) : to 
 burst out into a loud laugh, c. tollere, 
 Cic. Fat. 5, 10; Lucr. : Ov. ; v. TO laugh 
 (3). 
 
 laughable : 1. ndlciiluB : it is a 
 I. affair (llie comedy), r. res est, PI. As. 
 prol. 14 : Cic. Join; (res) ridicula 
 et jocosa dignaque cachinno, Cat. 56. 
 Very I., perridiculus, Cic. (N.B. — I he 
 adj. subridiculus, sr/mewhat I., does not 
 occur, but the adv. does.) 2. jocosus 
 (sportive as opp. to serious): v. jocose, 
 SPORTIVE (cf. supr. 1). 3. risu dig- 
 nus cf. supr. (1). 
 
 laughably ; ridicule : Join: ridi- 
 cule atque facete, Cic. de Or. i, 57, 243. 
 laughing-stock : liidlbrlum : to be- 
 come a general I., in ora bominum pro 
 L abire, Liv. 2, j6 (Hor. has, L debere, 
 Od. 1 . 1 4. 16, Gr. ye Au>To 64>\fiv poet ice) . 
 cf. Liv. I, 56, ad Jin., where Brutus is 
 railed, ludibriuni verius quam comes 
 Suet. Phr.: to be made al.of, irrisui 
 esse, Caes. B. C. 2, i ; Apul. : some- 
 times ridiculum esse or fieri, may serve : 
 cf. Juv. J, 1 5 J. 
 
 laughter : 1. risus, iis to excite 
 
 I., r. movere, Cic. v laugh (subs.). 
 
 2. cachinnatio (indecorous I. : rare) ; 
 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, Jl, 66. (Also, if tlu: act be 
 
 meant, cachinnus : v. laugh, subs.) 
 
 launch ("•) • I. '''0 float a vessel 
 for tlie first time : deduco, xi, ctum, j (to 
 haul doien to the sea; whether just after 
 building or subsequently): to I. ships, 
 naves d., Liv. }o, i : Virg. (To denote 
 the modem way of launching, perh. 
 demittere.) ||, To hurl: contorqueo, 
 2; Jaciilor, i: v. to hurl. Phr.: he 
 I.S thunderbolts from his right hand, 
 fulmina molitur dextra, Virg. G. i, 329. 
 Ill, Intrans. and fig., to launch out, 
 i. e. expatiate: 1, exspatior, i : t. 
 TO EXPATIATE. 2. insequor, ciiius, } 
 (in the way of invective): foil by in 
 and ace. : v. to rNVEiGH (against). 3 
 expr. by circuml., de aliqua re uberius 
 ac fusius disputo, dissero: v. to en- 
 large (upon). 
 
 laundress: *lavatrix, lotrix. (La- 
 vator = 7rAur>;?, Gloss. Philox. in Fore.) 
 laundry : lavatorium : v. Du C, s. v. 
 laureate (o^lj) ■• laureatus : v. lau- 
 reled. As subs., perh. poeta coronatus, 
 cf. Suet. Doin. i}, [unus] de oratoribur- 
 coronatus ; or, (poeta) laureatus, qui 
 dicitur. 
 
 laurel (s!«6s.) : \. The tree: hMrua, 
 i ; less freq., -lis,/, (by some supposed to 
 be the bay) : Cic. ; Liv. (Laurus nobilis, 
 Linn.) II, The decoration ■ 1. laurea 
 (strictly adj., corona being understood ) ■ 
 worthy of the I., laurea donandus, Hor. 
 Od. 4, 2, 9 : Ov. 2. melon, laurus (v. 
 supr. 1) : cf. Cic. Fam. 2, i6, ad init. (de 
 triumpho suo). 
 
 laurel (."^Ij-) ■ laureus ■ a I. wreath, 
 1. corona, Liv. 2}, li : Ov. 
 
 laureled (part, adj.): 1. lau- 
 reiilus (decorated with laurel or bay) .- 
 a I. bust, 1. imago, Cic. Mur. 41, 88 : a I. 
 letter (announcing victory), 1. litterae, 
 Liv 45, I, med.; also simply, laureatae, 
 Tac. Agr. 18, fin. 2. lauriger, 6ra, 
 6rum (poet.) : I. fasces, 1. fasces. Mart. 
 10, 10, I : of Apollo, Ov. A. A. }, 389. 
 
 lava ; I. jfi* stream, : torreni 
 
 Igneus (Kr.) : or perh. liquefacta ma.ssa 
 cf. Virg. Aen. j, 576. Claud, has, Vul 
 canius amnis, Kiipt. Pros, i, 170. (But 
 sometimes it may be necessary to use 
 the word lava; where ueedful, qualified
 
 LA V ATOR Y 
 
 LA X 
 
 LAY ASIDE 
 
 by sucli a clause as, quae dicitur — Ita 
 appellatur fcrvpiis liqiiefactae rnassae 
 fluiueii.) II, The solid substance as 
 cooUd ; *lava (Kr. gives, massa tor- 
 rentis vulciiiiii durala, torrlda). 
 
 lavatory : *'Rvalorium v. DuC, s. v. 
 
 lave ; lavo, i ; v. to wash, bathk. 
 
 laver. 1, aijuulis, is, <:. (strictly 
 adj.): aiasonftn-waUr: PI. Cure. 2, }, jj. 
 
 2. aquTmiiiarium {Jor the ?Miids) .- 
 Ulp. l>ig. J4, I, 19, jl2: aUo aqui- 
 mlnale, is, n.: I'aul. (I'orc). 3. naal- 
 luvium (for the hands) : Fest. s. v. 
 
 4. lavacrum (In I'ccl. authors, (/le 
 L of baptism): Vulg. Til. iii. 5. 5. 
 labrum (o large, uiile-lipped vessel) : 
 I'lln. Kp. 5, 6, 20: V^nlg. Kx. xxx. 18. 
 V. Dr. Smiths r)icl. IJihl. 8. v. lat-er. 
 6. coiiclia (sinallor ; not class.) : 
 Vulg. 2 I'aral. iv. 6. 
 
 lavish (adj.) : 1. prodigus (of per- 
 •ODs ; using or bestowing uastefulli/) : 
 I. of money, p. aeris. Hor. A. P. 164. 
 Join- largitor ct pnidigus, Cic. Cat. 
 4i 5, 10. 2. prOlfisiis (of persons or 
 thinys) : I. of nluit is one's own, sui 
 profusus, Sail. Cat. 5 : I. exjiense, p. 
 sumptus, Cic. Quint, jo, gj. 3. effflsus 
 (lilce preccd.): I. in ginng, in largitioiie 
 ef., Cic. Coel. 6, I J : Veil. 4. largiior 
 (in giving : strictly subs., but used as 
 masc. adj.): I. nitk monei/, pecuniae 1., 
 Sail. Jug. 9; : Cic. (v. supi: 1). S'e also 
 KXTRAVAGANT I'hr. : to make I. pre- 
 sents, largiri (v, to bestow). 
 
 lavish ("■)•" 1. prOfundo, ffuli, 
 sum, J (to pour out or spend freely) : to 
 I. money or life for one's country, pe- 
 cuniam, vitam pro patria p., Cic. Off. i, 
 24. 84. 2. t-ftiindo, J : V. TO squan- 
 der. 3. hirgior. 4 V. to bestow. 
 So, dilargior, to I. upon different persons, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 29, ./(«.. • lac. : Suet. Phr. 
 to I. caresses on any one. in amplexus 
 alicujus effinuli, Tac. A. 12, 47. 
 
 lavishly : 1. effflsC : Join: large 
 effuseque [donare], Cic. K. Am. 8, extr. 
 2. profuse Suet. To give I., largiri: 
 V. TO r.Esrow 
 
 lavishness : «xpr. by adj. .- v. 
 
 LAVISH. 
 
 law : \. Of a political, social or 
 moral kind: 1, lex, legis,/. (in most 
 senses of the Eng.) : to gioe notice of, 
 propose, carry a I., I. promulgate, ferre, 
 perferre, Cic. pass. : to Irreak a l„ 1. vio- 
 lare, Cic. in. C. Ant. fr. (v. to bkeak, 
 III.)- to proceed according to I., lege 
 agere, Cic. dc Or. i, }8, Jin. : lair not 
 written but instinctive, lex non scripia 
 sed nata, Cic. Or. 49. 16; : a I. of nature 
 (not of human enactment), 1. naturae, 
 id. Off. J, 6, 27 (described as, ratio pro- 
 fecta a rermn natura, id. Leg. 2, 4, 10): 
 natural I. (as a universal pouer'), 1. natu- 
 ralis, id. N. 1) 1, 14, init. 2. jus, juris 
 n. (denoting not as lex, strictly oxe.'i^ectai 
 eiuictment, but an entire body of kius) .- 
 augural I., jus at;gurium, Cic. Sen. 4, 
 fin.: civil I., jus civile, Cw.jmss.: to 
 declare the I. (luagisteriaUy). jus dicere, 
 Paul. IMg. I, I, II: Cic. to lay down 
 the I. (as any experienced person might 
 do ivhen consulted), de jure re.-pondere, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, J?, 142 civil or canon I., 
 jus Caes;\reuni aut pontificium, Erasm. 
 Coll. U. 54. See also right (subs.). 
 
 3, fas. inde.cl. (divine as opp. to 
 human lair): to do airay with all I., 
 human and divine, jus ac las onnie 
 delere, Cic. Alt. i, 16, .? Liv. . also, 
 fas et Jura (where divine latv Is chleHy 
 indicated). Virg.G. I, 268. Phr. logo 
 to I. with anyone, litem alicui inlendere ; 
 V. ACTION (V.) it is a I. (dictate) of na- 
 ture, hoc natura prae^cribit. Cic. Off. j, 
 6, 27. II, Any regulative principle: 
 ncma v. kl'i.e. |||, The books of 
 Moses: lex(" I'hora" libri qui dicuntur), 
 Movsis librl quinque. 
 
 law-breaker: L'gis violator: (Liv, 
 tjas, violator gentinm Juris, 4, 19). 
 
 lawful : \. leK'tinius (agreeable 
 to existing laivs): a I. adversary (opp. 
 Xo a freebooter, etc.), Justus el 1. bostis, 
 Cic.Off. }, 29,,/!". : I. hours (fixed by latv), 
 1. borao, id. V err. 2, i, 9, 75 • v legal. 
 2. fas, indccl. (agreeable to dtvine 
 iaut or cotiscience) u hat is I. for man 
 
 to wish, quod homini fas est optare, Cic. 
 Am. }, II : quod fas est, and quod per 
 leges licet, are mentioned together, Cic. 
 Mil. 16, 4? ; not to consider a thing I., 
 fas non putare (foil, by inf.), Caes. B. G. 
 5, 12 - also with second sup., si fas est 
 dktu, Cic. Tusc 5, ij, }8. 3. licitus 
 (rare) - Tac. Phr.: it is l, licet, 2 ; 
 per legem, leges, being a(iile<l when the 
 ref. Is to an existing lair or laws (v. 
 supr. 2) : the same tilings are not I. 
 everywhere, non ubique Idem licet, cf. 
 Quint. 5. 10, 40. 
 
 lawfully: 1. IfgitimG (m ac- 
 
 cordance with existing laws): v. LE- 
 (iALLY. 2. lege, li-gibus (= preced.) : 
 he could not I. be discliarged, neque 
 legibus (Athenlensium) emitii poterat, 
 Nep. Clm. I. Also per leges (with ref. 
 to ihat which the law does not forbid ; 
 whereas the abl. denotes positive direc- 
 tion of the law) : Cic. : cl. lawful (2). 
 3. where the ref. Is to moral law, 
 expr. by fas : v. preced. art. (2). 
 
 lawfulness : expr. by clrcnml. : 
 V. preced. art 
 
 lawgiver : v. legislator. 
 
 lawless : i- ?• restrained by no law : 
 
 1. licens, mis (rather rare): applied 
 by Cic. to the strucnire of the dithy- 
 ramb, de Or. J, 48. 185 (in which sense, 
 lege solulus, Hor.Od. 4, 2, 12) : Val. Max. 
 Join: audax et licens. Cell. 1;, 9. 
 
 2. audax (usu. ol that daring which 
 deffs law) : towithstand the ^, audacibus 
 resistere, Cic. Inv. i, j, 4 : more fully, 
 Md facinus audax, Cic. Cal. 2. 5, 9. 3. 
 nefarius (stronger than the Eng.) : v. 
 WICKED. 4. quod contra leges fit (op- 
 posed to definite enactmenits) : v. ille- 
 gal. (N.IJ. -The plir. legibus sohitus 
 denotes exemption from the operation 
 of particular laws. cf. Merivale, ch. 
 xxxi. ad fin.) 
 
 lawlessly : llcenter : Cic. : Hor. . 
 
 V. LICENTIOUSLY. 
 
 lawlessness: iTcemia: v^licence. 
 
 lawn: I. ''.A.i7ra*s.' pratum.pra- 
 ttihnii : ('■<; sat dinvn on the I. by I'lato's 
 statue, in pratulo propter Phitonis stii- 
 j tuam consedimus, Cic. Br. 6, 24 cf. 
 Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 18 and 55. Sometimes 
 saltus (land with icoods and glades) may 
 serve ; v. Lat. Diet. s. v. (K. and A. give 
 campus gramineus, planities graminea; 
 which may denoti- any grassy expanse.) 
 II. A sort of line linen : perh. sindun 
 or byssus: v. linen. 
 
 lawsuit : 1. 'is, litis, /. : to seek- 
 to reower property by a I., bona repetere 
 ac persequi lite et judicio, Cic. Verr. j, 
 I J, 52 : to institute a I. about anything, 
 
 1. instituere de aliqua re, Tryph. Dig. 5, 
 
 2, 22, J ; : to enter on a I. against any 
 one, 1. alicui inlendere, Cic do Or 1, 10, 
 42 ; in aliquem infene, id. Clu. 41, 116. 
 See al-so action (V.). 2. coiitroversia 
 (a dispute, whether brought before a 
 magistrate or not) : to decide l.s., c. 
 distrabere, Cic. Caec. 2, 6 : v. uisi'irr.. 
 (Coiitroversia denotes a lawsuit a* a cmt- 
 troversy between parties ; lis, is the legal 
 proceeding.) 
 
 lawyer; 1. jfu-isconsuitus, or as 
 two words (abbreviated, Ictus . one qua- 
 lified to lay dorm the law) : Cic. . Quint. 
 Also jure consultus, Cic. Maiiil. 12, 27. 
 Absol., consultus, Cic. Caec. 27, 78 . 
 superl. consultlssimns, Cic. Br. 40, 148. 
 2. juris or jure pCritu,-.(niore freq. in 
 adject, sense, skilled in jurisp> udence) . 
 cf. Cic. Br. J9, 14;, Crassus, eloquentiuin 
 jurisperitissimus, jurispiriioruin elo- 
 quentisslmns • Hor. has, juris legumqiie 
 
 j peritus, Sai. i, i, 9 ■ V.rU. 3. j'lrls- 
 prtidens (latf): liii;. A pettifogging I., 
 legnleius, forniiilarius, Quint. 12, ?, 11 
 (the former term from Cic. de Or. i, ;;, 
 fin.). 
 
 lax: 1. dlssointus: (. in passing 
 over (an offence), in praetermittendo d., 
 Cic. Verr. 5, i, rxtr. : opp. 10 vehi-mens 
 (strict, severe), ib. ;, 40, 104. 2. rO- 
 mlssus (oft. an epithet of praise, easy, 
 quiet) : esp in conipar (= nurre slack 
 
 1 than one ought to br), if toe choose to be I., 
 
 i si remissiores vohierlmus esse, Cic. Cat. 
 
 ; 4. 6. 12. 3, laxus: to exeivise laxer 
 discipline over troops, uvfiles laxiore 
 
 imperio habere. Sail. Jug. 64. (Not in 
 f'ic, who however has la.\aa haljenafi 
 uobere, in anal, sense, Am. ij, 45.) 4. 
 
 m-gligens: V. NEGLIGENT, CABELEaS. Se« 
 
 also LOOSE (adj.). 
 
 laxative : laxativus (as roed. 1. 1.) : 
 Coel. A or. . s>ie abo i-urgative. 
 
 laxly : 1. dissolute : opp. to severe, 
 Cic. Ph. 6, init. : Brutus in Cic. Ep. 
 2. rSniisse, or perh. better, remis.sius 
 (cf. LAX, 2) ■ neither tyrannically nor L, 
 neque crudeliter neque remisse. Col. i, 
 S.nud. 3. laxi; (rare In this sense); 
 Sail. Jug. 87, extr. (better, laxiore im- 
 perio, v. lax, 3). 4. negUgenler- v. 
 
 CARELESSLY. 
 
 laxness I 1. expr. by a4j. : by 
 laxity 5 oH means ue must avoul 
 the appearance of I., •magnopere c-iven- 
 dum est ne dissoluti (remissiores quam 
 decet) esse videamur ; v. lax. 2. perh. 
 rSmissio : cf. Cic. Cat 4, 6, extr., where re- 
 missio poenae (together ^ laxity) is opp. 
 to severitas animadversionis. Join: 
 reinissio animi acdis.solutio(:= veal'iirss, 
 want of spirit), Cic. Fam 5, 2, ad fin. 
 (l.jixitas in this sense, without autho- 
 rity: inCic.=roominets). For laxity = 
 extent of impt/rt, etc. : v. latitude. 
 
 lay (" ) •■ \. To place : pOno, } 
 v. TO TLACE ; and foil. ant. ||. To 
 fix drnrn, establish. Phr: to I. the 
 foundations, fundamenta jacere (v. 
 foundation). Fig.: to I. one's plans, 
 ratiouem capere (foil, by ut), Per. Heaut 
 5, 2. II ; so, r. inire, ib. 4, 2, 7. See 
 also, T»J form (V.). Ill, To prostrate: 
 stemo, siravi, turn, j: Viig. Aen. 2, jc6 
 (but the e.tpr. is more emphatic than 
 the Eng ). |V. To deposit eggs : \. 
 pario, peperi, partuni, } : biuh with 
 ovum, e. g. Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 57 ; and absol. 
 Col. 8, 5, init.: Varr. So parturio, 4 
 to be about to I., CoL 1. c. 2. edi. 
 didi, ditiim, j (to deposit eggs ; wherea" 
 pario may include the uhole breeding 
 process): they begin to I. about Jan. 1, 
 circa ICal. Jan. ova e. incipiunt, Col. 1. c.: 
 also, edere fetus, id. 8. 1 1, m-d. 3. 
 enitor, sus and xus, ? (lit. to strain out : 
 less freq. th.iii preced.). v>i:)i ova, CoL 
 8, II, med.; also absol., ib paitlo ante. 
 4. as pass, nascor, naius. j to 
 gather up eggs that have been laiil, 
 quae nata sunt (ova) recolligere, CoL 8, 
 5, ad init. : Varr. (Cic. has, ova gignere, 
 of the .ipauning cf fish, N. Ii. 2, 5i, 
 fin.i Ov., ova ponere. Met. 8, l$i.poet) 
 V. Mi see 11. Phr. to I. the duft, 
 pnlverein sedare, I^haedr. 2. 5, 18. to I. 
 snares, plagas (retia. etc.) tendere, Cic. 
 Off. i, 17, init.i ponere, Virg. G. i, ^07: 
 to I. siege, obsidfire, obsiiieie (v. to 
 UFJ<IEGE, siege) : to I. (violent) hands «» 
 any (me, [vim et] maims alicui inferre 
 (v. hand, 1, ii.) iihaleivr ont could I. 
 hands cm, qund cuiqiu: leinere ad manum 
 velli^set, Liv. }8, 21 . he laid (the remark) 
 to heart more than any one uould have 
 thought, quod verbuiii in pectus (ejus) 
 altius quam quis(niani latus erat, de- 
 sceiidit. Sail. Jug. 11 : to I. a thing well 
 tolieart, aliquidiii pectus deniitlere,SalL 
 Jug. lol, ad fin.; in pectus aiiiniuioqus 
 demiltere, IJiv. J4, 50 - liiciimU-re ail 
 aliquid toto pectore (implying earnest 
 /)«)•*■« i7), Cic. Fam. 10, 10; to I. icotfe, 
 vasto (v. Te> devastate) to I. blame 
 upon (V. ri.ame, II.). See al.so foil, artt 
 
 , aside : I. To remove : 1. 
 
 pono, J (to put off or away) : to I. aside 
 one's garments, velamliia p., Ov A. A 
 2, 61 ? : Cic. to I. aside a book, libruni 
 d.- manibus p., Cic. Q. Fr. 1,1,8. Fig. 
 to I. aside coveioustiess, sludiuni liicrl p , 
 Hor.Od. 4, 12,25. Socomps. (Ddfpono, 
 } (esp. in fig. sense) to I. aside the re- 
 cdtection of something, alicujus rei 
 memoriam d., Caes. Cic. (2 ) r?v>6no, 
 } (to put by or ouf of the tray) : to I. 
 aside ai-ms and cover them up, anna r. 
 atque contegtre, Caes. B. C. 2. 14 • Virg. ■ 
 Ov. (3.) >epono, } loftener in sense il.) . 
 to I. aside care, curas s., Ov 2, 
 
 araOveo, movl, turn, 2 (esp. with ref. to 
 the mind) : to I. aside fear, metum a. 
 Ter. Andr i, 2, 10 Cli-. 3. p^"". >. 
 ut'im. } (to put quite aiiay): to I. aside 
 all I'ear, omnem ex. limorem, Ov. M. 1. 
 4 J"
 
 LAY BY 
 
 LEADING 
 
 LEAKY 
 
 62l:Cic. : V. TO DIVEST(UI.)- II. To 
 resene ■ 1. sepono, j. Liv. i, 5}, ad 
 init. (captivam pecuniarn s.) Cic. 2. 
 rfSpono, J Join, condere ac reponere 
 Qfructus], Cic. N. I). 2, 62, ej-.tr.: Hor. . 
 
 V. TO EKSEBVE, STORE. 
 
 lay by ; v. preced. art. (II.). 
 
 down: \. To abandon: Phr. 
 
 to I. down one's arms, ab arrais discedere, 
 Glc. Ph. S.Jin. : Caes. : also, armap'mere, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, J7 : to I. do'in {the badges) 
 of office, secures p., Hor. Oil. j, 2, 19 : 
 to lay doi'-n an office, magistralum, im- 
 perium deponere, Caes. B. O 7. }} 
 t^uint, ; raagistratu abire (when the 
 office is vacated in diie course), Clc. Leg. 
 J, 20, 47 ; esp. in the case of a dictator, 
 dictaturu se abdicare, Liv. j, 29 (but 
 aiso d. deponere, Quint, j, 8, 5?) • v. to 
 ABDICATE. II, To State a proposition: 
 stfituo, i, utum, } to I. it doicn that 
 pleasure is the chief good, voluptatem 
 summum bonuni s., Cic. Off. i, 2, 5 : 
 where a command is implied, foil, by 
 ut or ue : cf. Cic. Ph. 2. j8, 97, statuitur 
 ne sit Greta provincia : v, to decide, 
 
 DETERMINE. 
 
 — before ', propono, i-. to l. before 
 Caesar the pleasure of the senate, Caesari 
 voluntaiem senatus p., Caes. B. C. i, J ; 
 also with rel. clause, id. B. G. 6, 11. 
 
 hold: prehendo, etc.- v. hold 
 
 (I. 1). 
 
 — in : coUigo, j : v. to gather in. 
 on"; |. To place upon : im- 
 
 pono, superlmpono. 5 : v. to place 
 UPON. II. To inflict blows: Phr.: 
 to I. on. fustem allcui impingere, Coel. 
 in Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 4 : of blows with the 
 flsl, iiifriiisere colaphus alicui, Ter. Ad 
 2, I. 45 laij onfottkicith '. ne sit mora 
 quin pugnus continuo in mala (ejus) 
 haereat ! ib. v. 17. 
 
 — open : patefacio, recludo, etc. : 
 V. to OPEN, DISCLOSE. I'hr.: to I. open 
 an ulcer, ulcus adaperire, Cels. 5, 28, 
 7 and 8 ; aperire, lb. $ 11. 
 
 out: I To arrange for bury- 
 ing : *prop6no, } (Cr. irporWecrSai). 
 II. To spend: erogo, i, etc.: v. to 
 SPEND. \\\.Toplan: 1. designo, i : 
 to I. out walks, ambulationes d., Vitr. 5, 
 II 4 2 metor, I ; v. to mark out. 
 
 — together: Piir. : to i. {th^ir) 
 
 heails together, capiu conferre, Liv. 2, 
 45, med. 
 
 lip ; I, Tb stoD-e : recondo, didi, 
 
 ditum, } : to l. up wealth in a treasury, 
 opes aerario r.. Quint. 10, j, i ■■ Col. 
 Fig.: tol.up words, looks (as a grudge), 
 verba, voces r., Tac. A. i, i.extr. See 
 aiso to store, treasure up. ||. To 
 confine to bed: usu. pass., to be laid 
 up': aegroto, ciibo, jaceo: v. ill, to bk. 
 Phr.: during all the tinte he was laid 
 up. per omne lempus valetudinis suae. 
 Suet. Gr. 2. 
 
 — upon : irapono, injungo, etc. -. 
 V. to impose. Phr.: to I. all the blame 
 upon any one, omnem culpam in aliquem 
 inclinare, Liv. 5, 8,/i». See also blame 
 (II.). 
 
 — waste : vasto, etc. : V. TO de- 
 vastate. 
 
 lay : melos, i, n. (poet.) : Hor. : v. 
 
 STRAIN. 
 
 lay {adj) ■ laicus : Eccl. Scrr. 
 
 layer; j. a stratum or bed : 1. 
 c5riura ; to form, a first, second I. (of a 
 floor), primum, alteruni, c. facere, Cato, 
 R. R. 18, med. : Vitr, 2. tabuiatura, 
 stratura Pall. 12, 7, med. (of manure). 
 11. Of a plant, for propagation : 
 propago, inis,/. ; Virg. G. 2, 26 Cic. 
 
 laying (xwbs.) •■ of '^"s- p;>itus, ds : 
 Col. 8, ;, ad init.: I. on of colours, 
 circumlTtio, Plin. 
 
 layman: laicus Tert. Eccl. Scrr. 
 
 lazar-house : *valetudinarium con- 
 tagio laboraulium. 
 
 lazily ■ 1. ignavg (without spirit) : 
 Virg. G. 4, 465 also, ignaviter, Hirt in 
 Cic. Att. 7, 5- 2. pig'e {slooly, 
 heavily): Join pigre ac segniter, 
 
 Col. V. idly, INDOLENTLY. 
 
 laziness 1. ignavla (want nf 
 
 energij) : to arouse I. to work, i. ad 
 opera excitare, Plin. 11. i6, l> J 45 
 Gels. Join inertia, ignavia, desidia, 
 4;« 
 
 Auct. Her See also cowardice, inac- 
 tivity. 2. pigritia. v sloth. 
 
 lazy : 1. igna^us (cf. preced. art.) 
 the I. tribe (drone^s), i. pecus, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 4J5 : Cic. (but usu. in stronger sense), 
 2, piger, gra, grum; v. sluggish. 
 See also inl>(.>lent 
 
 lead («"''•''•) •■ plumbum: Cato: Hor. : 
 Plin. Made of I., plumbeus, Lucr. 6, 
 J06: Cic. Pro v.: a sword of I. would 
 dispu^c/i /(Mil, plumbeogladio ilium Jugu- 
 latum iri, Cic. Att. i, 16, 2. Fitted or 
 tipped vitk I. (as arrows), plumbutus, 
 Plin. : full of or mixed with I., pluinbo- 
 sus. Plin.: to solder with I., plumbare 
 (v. to solder). 
 
 lead, of lead (adj.) ; 1. plum- 
 beus : V. preced. art. 2. plunibatus 
 (late in this sense) : pipes of I., canales 
 pL. Front. 3. plumbarius (esp. with 
 ref. to manufacture of I.) : I. works, pi. 
 officinae, Plin. ^4, 18, 54 : l.-mine, metal- 
 lum pi., Plin. 
 
 lead ("•) ■■ I. To guide, conduct : 
 
 duco, xi, ctum, j : with ref. to persons, 
 usu. = to take with one (cf. Liv. 21, I, 
 med., ut duceretur in Hispaniam, " to be 
 taken to Spain"): oft. of milit. move- 
 menls. Cae.s. : Liv. (pass.) : to I. to pH- 
 soH or execution, in carcerem, ad mortem 
 d., Cic. Fig.: whither pleasure l.s, quo 
 ducit voluptas, Lucr. 2, 258 to I. any 
 one to believe, aliquem ad credendum d., 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42. So comps. adduco, 
 to bring to a place (oftener fig); educo, 
 to I. forth (esp. of milit. movements: 
 Caes.: Cic: Liv.); redacc, is I. back; 
 produco, to I. forward, into view ; cir- 
 cumduco, to I. round; perduco, to I. 
 to the tnd, to a place appointed ; trans- 
 duco w traduco (esp. as milit. term), to 
 I. over or past ; subduco, to I. up (esp. 
 from the rear, or ttp a hill: milit. 
 term) ; v. to bring, bring out, forth, 
 etc. II. To have the command 0/ 
 
 troops : duco, ducto : v. to command 
 (II., 4). Ill, To go before: anteeo, 
 praeeo, etc.: v. to go befop.e. |V. 
 To prevail upon : add&co, etc. : v. to 
 INDUCE. V, To pass, spend: Phr.: 
 to I. an honest life, aetatcm honeste 
 agere, Cic. Sen. 18", 62; a literary life, 
 aet item in litteris agere, id. Leg. 2, i, }: 
 so with traduco: to spend an idle life, 
 vitam otiosam traducere, Cic. Sen. 2J, 82 ; 
 or with adv. of manner, id. Tusc. j, 11, 
 2; (but vitam agere refers simply to the 
 activity of life at any given time ; tra- 
 duco, to the whole of its course) : v. to 
 SPEND. VI. Quasi-intrans., to tend in 
 a certain direction : tendo, tetendi, sura 
 and tum, } : Virg. Aen. 6, 541 • Plin. 
 Fig.: that road l.s to heaven, sic itur 
 ad a^tra, Virg. Aen. 9, 641. 
 
 leaden : plumbeus (both lit. and flg. : 
 V. LEAD, .s«()s.) : Join: caudex, stipes, 
 itlumbeus, asinus, I'er. Heaut. 5, I, J. 
 See also lead (adj.). 
 
 leader : 1. di'x, duels, c. (in good 
 
 or bad sense): to act a.s I. in anything, 
 alicujus rei d. se praebere, Cic. km. 1 1, 
 J7 : with Teucer for I., Teucro d. fet 
 auspice], Hor. Od. I, 7, 27. Join; dux 
 et magister ; auctor, princeps, dux, Cic. 
 Oft. in milit. sense : v. general. 2. 
 ductor (usu. in milit. sense) ; Cic. Tusc. 
 I, J7, init. of bees (= queen-bee), due- 
 tores apum, Virg. G. 4, 88 : in the public 
 games. Suet. Tib. 6, extr. 3. auctor 
 (originator) : they refused to he l.s of 
 the nar movement, auctores belli esse 
 nolebant, Caes. B. G j, 17 v. author. 
 4, princeps, cipis, c. (cf. supr. 1): 
 v. chief. See also head (VII.). Phr. 
 to be I., praeesse v. head (VII., Phr.). 
 
 leadership : ductus, us (in this sense, 
 only in abh) : v. <;enekalship (I.). 
 
 leading (subs.) : v. preced. art. 
 
 leading (adj.): 1. primoris, e 
 (not in Cic. in this sense) : esp. in pi., 
 priniores, the I. men: e. g. primores Gal- 
 liae, Tac. A. II, 2J- Hor. Join: (civi- 
 tatum) primores atque optimates. Col. 
 12, ;. fin. 2 princeps. Ipis the I. 
 man in the state, princeps in republica. 
 Clc. Fam. 1, 9, 4 : the I, men (= the 
 great), p. viri, Hor. Kp. i, 17, J?. 3. 
 primarius (of the foremost rank) : Elog. 
 inCic.Seii. 17,61 Cic. Vhx :thel.point. 
 
 caput, e. g. artis (the principal Iking), 
 Cic. de Or. I, 29, in the I. thought m a 
 letter, c. litterarum, id. Ph. 2, ji, 77. 
 leading-strings: chiefly in tig. 
 
 sense Phr.: when he u)as hardly out 
 of I., *quum vixilum e cunabulis exces- 
 sisset; nutricis tutela vixdum liber. 
 
 leaf'. j. Of a tree or plant : 1. 
 folium' Cic. Plin. Fig. leaves of 
 paper, chartarum tolia, Plin. 57, 7, 29 
 (but Jahn reads fila). Full of i.s, foli- 
 osus, Plin. 2. collect, frons, dis,/. (a 
 )iiass of l.s) ■ to run all to I., in frondem 
 luxuriare, Plin. 19, 6, J4 ; young (half- 
 grown) l.s, immatura f.. Quint. 12, 6, i : 
 V, foliage. To be in I., frondere, Virg. E. 
 i, 57 : Col. : incept, frondescere, to come 
 into I., Cic. Tui-c. 5, i{. J7 : Virg. ||. 
 Of a book: 1. sclieda or scida (a 
 
 strip of papiirus paper , of whatever 
 size) : that not a single I. may be lost, 
 ut scida ne qua depereat, Cic. Att. i, 20, 
 fin. : in Quint. I, 8, 19, :ndlgnas lectione 
 schedas, the word is used much as we 
 use volumes: so. Mart. 4, ezJr , summa 
 scheda is the end of a scroll ; Lach. 
 Comment. Lucr. 2. pagina (the side 
 of a scheda prepared for writing ; a 
 page : melon, a leaf) : Lach. Comment. 
 Lucr. p. I. See also sheet. (There 
 seems to be no classical authority for 
 folium in this sense • but it is used by 
 modem Latinists, e.g. Orelli, pref. Veil. 
 p. viii. ; Lach. Comment. Lucr. p. 5, 
 schedae sive folia dicere volumus.) 
 Phr.: 'tis time to turn over a new I., 
 nunc hie dies aliam vitam affert, alios 
 mores postulat, Ter. Aiidr. i, 2, 18. 
 III. (if metal: bractea: gold-l., 
 auri b., Lucr. 4, 729. Dimin. bracteola, 
 Juv. See also plate. |V. Of a door, 
 etc. : in ph., fores, valvae : v. door. 
 
 leafless : fo'iis s. fronde (trondibus) 
 nudatus ■ cf.Cic. Tusc. i, n, J7 ; nudus. 
 Sen. trag. (Foliis carens, not having 
 leaves at all.) 
 
 leafy: 1. frondosns (chiefly poet.). 
 the I. elm, f. ulmus, Virg. E. 2, 70 epith. 
 of summer, id. G. j, 2(<6. 2. frondeus 
 (poet.): I. groves, f. nemora, V^irg. ■ Ov, 
 3. frondlfer, era, grum (only poet.)' 
 Lucr. : Sen. trag. (Frondicomus, late : 
 Prud.) 4. foliosus (hanng many 
 
 leaves {ronAosus=covered with foliage): 
 Plin. 
 league (subs.): |. a compact: 
 1. foedus, eris, n. (any treaty or 
 covenant): usu. better strengthened by 
 societas, amicitia, etc.: they form a I. 
 with Ambiorix, Amhiorigem sibi socie- 
 tate et f. junguiit, Caes. B. G. 6, 2 v 
 TREATY. 2, societas : V, alliance. 
 
 Phr.: the Achaean I., Achaicum con- 
 cilium, Liv. j8, }o (but the term conci- 
 lium is oftener used of the assembly of 
 the league, cf. Liv. }8, J4) • the con- 
 federacy is oftener spoken of simply as 
 Achaei ; so, the Aetolian I., Aetoli, Liv. 
 j8, pa.ss. : to enrol a city in stich a I., 
 urbem formulae juris (^alicujus) facere, 
 ib. c. 9, m«d. II. Three miles: leuca 
 «. leuga (a Gallic measure = 1500 poces.* 
 Fr. lieue) : Isid. Or. i;, 16: Amm. 
 
 league (i').- 1. cxpr. by foedus, 
 societas, and a verb; v. to ally, alli- 
 ance. 2. conjuro, l : w ith peTf. part. 
 coiijuratus (leagued toi/etlier) : Hor. Od. 
 I, 15.7'. Liv.. v. TO conspire. 
 leaguer : obsidio • v. siege. 
 leak (subs.) : rima (any chink) . to 
 spring a I., perh. rimam agere, cf. Cic 
 Att. 14, 9. Virg. has, rimis fatiscere, 
 Aen. I, 12?: (the ship) sprang a I, 
 ♦aquam haurire coepit foramine acto. 
 
 leak («■)•• 1. perfluo, xi, .xuni, j: 
 cf. Ter. Eun. i, 2, 2;, plenus rimarmn 
 sum; hac atc^ue illuc pertiuo. (Pereffluo, 
 Vulg. Hebr. ii. 1, is unclass.) 2, miino, 
 I Tac. A. 2, 2 J (of ships). 3. expr 
 by phr., humorem transniittere. Col. I, 
 6, ad fin. : cf. Sen. Ep. 09, 6, perforato 
 animo et transmittente quicquid acce- 
 perat. 
 
 leakage : expr, by perfiuo : to make 
 good I., *quod perflusit resarcire: v. TO 
 leak. 
 
 leaky ; 1. nraosus (fullofchinJcs). 
 I. boat, r cymba, Virg. Aen. 6, 414; 
 fig., a I. ear (rf ane who cannot keep a
 
 LEAN 
 
 LEARNING 
 
 LEATHER-BOTTLE 
 
 secret), r. auris, Hor 2. "f "■ «'"p. 
 
 manatis per lattra. Tac A. 2, u. a. 
 Jimarum plenut v. to lkak, init. 
 
 lean (fi-lj-) •• 1. nmcer, era, crum 
 (ivith litlU Jlfsh on the b(/nef) : I. anvs, 
 m boves, Varr. R. K. 2, ? Hur. Al?o 
 of meagre soil, Varr. Hor 2. strlgo- 
 sus 'less strong than preced., and de- 
 noting oft. a temporary sate- in po</r 
 condition, that lias lost Jlesli) ; horsis in 
 rathrr a I. omdilion, equi sirigosioros, 
 Liv VI 4";, ad init. : (a hul) excessivtly 
 I., strigosibsimi CMrporis, Col. 7, 6, extr. : 
 Cic. (tig.). Join- strigosus et male 
 habitiis [equiisj, Sal>inus in Gcll. 4, 20. 
 3 exills, e (tkin, Sfiare) : v. thin. 
 (Gracilis = Uim, slender, short of lean- 
 ness cf. poet, in Korcell , quaerebam 
 gracllem, sed quae non macra fuis-set.) 
 P h r. : to grow I., inacescere, niacret^cere, 
 Varr. Col. : frighlfullii I., vegrandi 
 macie torridus, Cic. Agr. 2, 54. gj. 
 lean \.subs.j . *adiiiis sxpers caro ^?). 
 lean {"•)■■ I. '''" incline, esp. so 
 as to rest on somettiitig. 1. niior, sus 
 and xus. ? (Jo support oneself on : usu. 
 with abl.) : l.ing on a spear, hastili 
 nixus, Cic. Kab. pt-rd. 7, 21 : Virg. : ihe 
 latter has, in hustaw iiiti, Aen. 12, jgS. 
 Also comp. iniiitor, also usu with abl.; 
 poet, also dat. : Caes. B G. 2, 27 : l.lv. : 
 Ov. 2. iiicumbo, cubui. itum, } (loll, 
 by in and ace or dat. : latter chiefly 
 poet ) : to I. (fall) tipon one's suord. In 
 gladium i., Cic. Inv. 2, ?i, H4; on a 
 person (for suppini), in aliquem i., Curt. 
 6, g.Jin. : wiih dat., Virg. E. 8, 16. 3. 
 applico, 1 (with pron. refl.) .- they I. 
 against trees, ad arbores se Inclinant, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 27. 4. acclino, i (with 
 pron. refl. : rare and poet.) : to I. towards 
 any one, se a. in aliquem, Ov. Met. ;, 
 72. Phr. : rest, l.ing on the elbou; 
 cublto remanete presso, Hor. Od. i, 27, 8. 
 II. To dematefrom tkeperpendiciilar : 
 1, inclino, Incliniir, i : I,ucr. 2, 24; : 
 cf. id. 6, 57 { : Virg. Aen. 12, sg. 2. <le- 
 clino, I (with pron. refl. or as intrans.) : 
 Lucr. 2, 250, sqq. |||. To be disposed 
 in any teay : v. to incline (B., II.). 
 
 leaning (Oilj)-. 1. inclinatus: 
 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 259. 2. inclinis, e (v. 
 rare): Val. Fl. (For fastigiatus, accli- 
 
 Vis, V. SLOPING.) 
 
 leanness: 1. mScies ei,/. .- Cic: 
 
 Col. (cf. emaciated). N.B.— Macritas, 
 macritudo, extr. rare, and 10 be avoided. 
 2. expr, by strigosus, macer: v. 
 tEAN (adj.). 
 
 lean (''•)•■ I. Lit.: salio, ii and 
 ni, turn, 4 : to I. (don n) from a wall, s. 
 de muro, Liv. 24. 24 : Virg. Fig.: of 
 the motion of a iraterfall. Virg. K. 5, 
 47: Hor. II. Fig.: exsulto, i: to I. 
 for joy. laetitia [gaudioj ex., Cic: v. 
 JOY (subs.). 
 
 down ; desilio, ul, sultum, 4 : 
 
 Caes. B. G. 4. 25 : from a ship, ib. 24 ; 
 ex navi, ib. 25 : Cic. Phr.: to make a 
 horse I. donn into a hollow way, equum 
 in viam cavam demittere, dejicere, Liv. 
 
 2J. 47- 
 forth : exsilio, prosTlio, 4 : v. to 
 
 SPRING FORTH. 
 
 into, on, or upon : 1. in- 
 
 silio, 4 to I. ufxm a horse, in equnm 
 ins.. Liv. 6, 7 nud.: wiih ace. alone 
 (= into) or dat. (= upon): both poet.: 
 he leaped into htna, Aetnam insilult, 
 Hor. A. P. 466: to I. on any ones back, 
 tereo alicujus ins., Ov. M. 12. 546 • with 
 supra and odc, Phaedr. 1, 2, 20. 2. 
 assflio, 4 (to I. upon : chiefly pool.) to 
 L upon the walls of a city, moenibns 
 nrbis a.. Ov. M. 11. ;j6. Phr.: he 
 (Curtijis) l.'d into the gulf, se in specum 
 immlsit, Liv. 7, 6. 
 
 over • iransllio, 4 (with ace.) : 
 
 Ov. F. 4, 84 1. 
 
 leap (subs.) : saltus, us : to take a I., 
 8. dare, Ov M. 4, 552 (saltu uti, Cic. Sen. 
 6, 19, is to practine Uaping). 
 
 leai-frog : Phr.: the bays play at 
 I. *pupri ppr Uisiini divaricatis cniribus 
 alti-r alterius terga tiansiliimt 
 
 leaping ( l'"r-t.) .• may be expr. by 
 mltuiiiiii] (tell. 9, 4, nieif. 
 
 leaping (subs ) saltus, iis : v. leap 
 igubt'i 
 
 lea'>-year : 1. bisexillis annus : 
 Isid. Or 6. 17, 2;: al.so liise.Mus annus, 
 Aug. 2. intercalaris (al. -arius) an- 
 nus: Plln. 2. 47, 48. 
 
 learn : I. to gain knowledge or 
 skill from teoihing : 1. di>co, didicj, 
 i : usu. foil, by direct ate. ; Cic. Caes.. 
 by in/in., to Irarn to lepeak Latin, Latlne 
 loqui d.. Sail. Jug. loi : Cic. : with 
 ellipsis of in/., to I. to play the lute. 
 tidibus d., Cic. Sen. ?, extr. .- also by rel. 
 clause: v. infr. Conips. (1). condisco, 
 f (to I. thoriiughly : le^s Ireq.): Cic: 
 Col Ov. (2). eilisco, } (to i. 6i/ Aeart) •• 
 to I. by rote a gnat number of lines, 
 niagrmm numerum versuum e., Caes. 
 B. G. 6. 14 : Cic. : also, to I. thi/roughly : 
 e. g., qui-uiadniodum iractanduni bellurp 
 foret, hoiv the irar irouUl require to be 
 carried on, Liv 2J, 28 (3). addisco, j 
 I (to I in addition) . to I. sonvtlting neiv 
 every dai/, quotldie aliquid ad., Cic. S»n. 
 8, 26 : to I. (another) language, ser- 
 moneni, e. g. Gemianicum ad.. Suet. Cal. 
 47 : sometimes appy. = simple verb ; 
 e. (jr. Cic. de Or. t, 2J, 86, Q. Voluclus 
 puer addidicerat (sc. artem). (4). de- 
 disco, J (to I. not to do something) : v. 
 TO UNLEARN. (5). praedisco, j (to I. 
 beforehand): Cic: Virg. (C). perdi.sco, 
 J (til I. thoroughly) : Cic : 'I'ib. 2. ac- 
 cipio, cepi, ceptum, } (from a teacher) : 
 to I. quickly ichat one is taught, quae 
 iraduntur celeriter a., Nep. Att. i : to 
 be l.'d (acquired by art iis distinguished 
 from natural gifts), arte accipi, Cic 
 de Or. I, 25, 114. Phr.: to I. a lesson 
 from the experience of others, periculum 
 ex aliis facere [tibi quod ex usu sietj. 
 Ter. Heaut. i, 2, }6: believe one who 
 his l.'d from experience, experto crede, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 28^. ||, To get in- 
 formatiini, become aicare : 1, cog- 
 
 nosco, novi, nitura, j : v. to ascertain. 
 2. disco, } (less freq. in this sense) : 
 foil, by ace. and inf., or rel. clause : he 
 l.s that Litaricas had set out, di.'-cit 
 l.ltavicum profectum (esse), Caes. B. (J. 
 7, 54: Cic (IMlsco in this sense, poet.: 
 Ov.) 3. audio, 4: v. to hear (V.). 
 4. certior fio: v. to inform (11.). 
 
 learned : 1. doctus : to be read 
 (only) by the rery I., a doctissimis legi, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 25 : more freq. defined 
 and qualified by other words: no less I. 
 in (ireek than in Latin, nee minus 
 Graece quani Latine doctus. Suet. Or. 7; 
 for which Hor. has, d. semiones utrius- 
 que linguae, Od. j, 8, 5. so, doctus vir 
 et Grancis litteris eruditus, Cic. Br. jo, 
 114. \'ery I., perdoctus, Cic. 2. erudi- 
 tus (cultured and refined: cf. Habicht, 
 J77) : cf. Cic. Fin. i, 7, extr., non satis 
 politus iis artibus. quas qui teneiit er»- 
 diti appellantnr (just before doctriiiis 
 instructus occurs as syn.) • 7 have always 
 been fond of learning and I. men, sem- 
 per mihl el doctrina et e. homines pla- 
 cuerunt, Cic. Rep. i, 17, extr. : a I. or o 
 pypular sti/le, oralio e., popularis, Cic. 
 Par. prooem. 4. Very I., pereniditus, 
 Cic. 3. expr by ductrina, and some 
 other word : e. g. doctrina instructus 
 (v. supr. 2) • d. excultus (acamtplished, 
 well-educated), ('ic Tu.sc. i, 2, 4. 4. 
 littftratus (well acquainted with litera- 
 ture): a very I. (critic}, (bumo) littera- 
 tissimus, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, med. : I. in 
 trifles, ineptiis 1., Sen. N. Q. 4, i j, init. : 
 V. LITERARY. Phr.. a I. man, (homo) 
 perlectus in litteris, Cic. Br. 76, 264 : I. 
 in antvjuily, aniiquitatis velenimque 
 scriplorum litterate peritus, Cic Br. 56, 
 205. 
 
 learnedly : docte, erudite, littSratS : 
 Cic. (for syn. v. preod. art). 
 
 learner : dlscipQlus, discens (only 
 not in nom. sing.: L. G. ^ 6?8): v 
 
 PUPIL. 
 
 learning: I. The act: ger. of 
 
 disco ■ V TO learn II. Krudition, 
 
 knonledge acquired: 1, doctrina 
 
 (eithiT a separate branch of culture, or 
 the whole collectivcl I/) : thoroughly ac- 
 quainted with i.recian /., Graecis d. erii- 
 ditns, Cic. Br 67. init. : oiUrmed with 
 eivni kind of I. and excelUnce, omni d. 
 et virtute oruatissimus, Cic. Verr j, 88, 
 tjii<. : a man of immense classical I., 
 
 •omni aniiquitatis veieruraque scrip 
 toruni doctrina imbutus, insiructus (In- 
 siructisslmus) v. learnf^j (3). (For 
 great learning, Kr gives, magna, mnlta, 
 sumnja doctrina bui docirina app<>ars 
 not to l>e used 10 denoie a qualili/ in the 
 best age.) 2. eruditio (^esf: learr.ing 
 as a whole , or as quality) . quite t. tOU 
 out all I., omniiio oinnis e expers. Cic. 
 de Or. 2, init. ; to be stored n ith varied 
 I., varia e. repletum esse, Suet. Aug. 89 : 
 several volumes, marked by varied I., 
 variae e. aliquot voluniina,"ld. Gr. 6: a 
 mail of great I., *.'.unima emdilioue vir. 
 3. disciplina (euurst of study; cul- 
 ture): (inek I., (irat-cae d.. Suet. Aug. 
 89. 4. littgrae. arum (melon. =A7ioie- 
 ledge of literature) : h^ fHistet/id iruch 
 I., and that of no trrdinary kind, erant 
 in eo plurimae 1., nee eae vulgares f sed 
 interiores quaedam et .'econdltai'] Cic 
 Br. 76, 265 : possessing no l, *cui niillae 
 omniiio litterae sunt, (llumaiiitas la 
 geieral culture atid refivemimt: litte- 
 raiura, Cic. Ph. 2,45. 116, is lal&i lectio 
 for litterae.) 
 
 lease (»"(<«■)■• conductio (onj hiring): 
 Cic. Caec J2. 94: so, to have n farm on 
 I., fuiidum [in cei turn tempusj conductum 
 habere, cf. Cic. 1. c (fhe corresiponding 
 act on the part of the proprietor. Is loca- 
 
 tlo : v. <;0NTRACT.) 
 
 lease ("•) •• conduco, lOco (correU 
 terms) : v. preced. art. 
 
 leasehold : (lundus) qui ex syn- 
 grapba in certum tempus conducitur: 
 V. preced. artt. 
 
 leash: copiila: Ov.Tr.?,9,28: ApuU 
 
 least ("''j) •' niTnimus : v. LrrrLK. 
 
 least (adv.) : \, minlme : tn be most 
 plea.'i>iy or rather I. displeasing, \i\ac^Te 
 maxime, vel dicam, minime displicere, 
 Cic Br. 57, init.: vhm ve I. thought, 
 quuni ni. vidobamur, Cic. N. I), i, }, 6. 
 2. minimum (with verbs only): v. 
 LEAST (in the). 
 
 , at : 1. minimum (opp. to 
 
 at most, with words denoting quantity 
 or number): the disease will be very 
 long continued, at I. for a year, morbus 
 eiit longi.-^simus, m.que annuus, Cels. 2, 
 8, ad fin. : three parts at I., tres m. 
 partes, Quint. 5, 10, ?: Varr. 2. 
 
 saltern (emphapizing any particular word, 
 like Gk. yf): I entreat you, take from 
 me this giief, or at I. dimmish it, ob- 
 secro le, eripe mihl hunc dolorem, aut 
 minue s.. Cic. Att 9. 6, 4: Ter. Oft. 
 with at: cf. Cic Fam. 9, 8, allquo. si 
 non bono at salt<m certo statu civitatis 
 (if not gimd, at I. sure). 3. cerlg 
 (like preced.) : but once ; or at I. not 
 often, semel, aut non saepe certe, Cic 
 Off. 2, 14, ;o: cl. id. Ait 16, 7, ad init., 
 quamvis non fueris sua.'ior, ...appro- 
 bator certe fuisti (you at I. or certainly 
 ap/>roty(t): V. certainly. 4. aitiimen, 
 01 separately, at tamen: if not an equal, 
 at I. an acceptable return, si non par, at 
 pratum tamen mnnus, Cic Br. 4. 15: v, 
 yet 5. qiiidem (>carcely so empbatio 
 as the Eng.): cf. Cic. N. P. i, 21, int<, 
 nihil sane ex me quidem (=Gk. t/jLovye) 
 audire potuisses, not from me at I., or 
 at any rate : PI. 
 
 -. in the: always after a nega- 
 tive: not in the /..nihil (which may be 
 strengthened by onmino, ne minimum 
 quidem, etc.) : not to be in the I. behind 
 the ffref fo, (iraecis nihil c<"dere. Cic. Leg. 
 I, 2, ?; nihil omiiino cedere, id. Tuec 
 1. ?, 5. (N.B— Minimum only with 
 verbs : not ad.lj.') 
 
 leather (fubs.) .- 1. cCriuin (of 
 
 hides, whether tanned or not) : thingg 
 made out of I. irr skin, qnne ex corio ae 
 pi'Uibus facta sunt, Varr. L L. 7. 5. 84. 
 (Oltener=HmE."( 2. aiuta (fdjinrtf); 
 I. slightly tavn-d. a. lenulter conlecta^ 
 Caes. B. G. ?, 1 r oft of thittgs made of 
 J., e fc a I. apron. Mart. 7, ??, 1; a 
 shoe. Ov A. A. ?. 271 3. peUis, i% 
 
 m. (untanned) : v. skin. 
 leather (a*y) • f'con.ns: V.irr. L. L 
 
 7, S, 84 • a I. ciishvin, s. pulvinus, CeU. 
 
 8, 12. Ov. Sometimes alula may serve 
 V. preced. art. (21. 
 
 leather-bottle : ater, tris, m. : Virg. 
 
 Liv.; I'liii. 
 
 439
 
 liEATHER-DRESSER 
 
 LEECH 
 
 LEGEND 
 
 leather-dresser: cOriarius, subac- 
 
 ^rillS : V. CDKKIER, TANNEK. 
 
 leathern : v. leathku {adj.). 
 
 leathery: *lentusaliitae(iuenaturain 
 oabeus. 
 
 leave (''■) ■ I, I'o suffer to remain ; 
 forsake, abandon : 1, relinquo, liqui, 
 ctum, i : tie l.s C. Fablns with tico le- 
 ijimis to protect the camp, C. Fabium 
 cum legionibus duabus castris praesifUo 
 relinquit, Caes. : to I. raum for any- 
 thing, alicui rei locum r., Cic. Quint. 15, 
 49 : to I. mie's home and kindred, domum 
 propinquosque r., Caes. U. G. 1.44: in 
 latter sense, esp. poet. (N.B. — The 
 simple verb linquo [never ^ to suffer to 
 rem,ain] is much less freq., and almost 
 confined to the poets: e. g. to I. the liyht 
 of life, vitalia lumina 1., Cic. poet. Div. 
 1. II, 18: in de Or. j, 46, i3o, however, 
 we have, linquamus naturam, artesqiie 
 videndura, i. e. let us leare nature and 
 look at art ; also, linquere terrani, Plane. 
 10, 26, in a passage savouring of poetic 
 diction.) 2. dereUnquo, destituo, } : 
 
 V. TO ABANDON, DESERT. 3. e.Npr. by 
 
 reliquus with a verb (usu. facio : to 
 leave remaining) : what life and strength 
 famine had left, quod reliquum vitae vi- 
 liumque fames iecerat, Cic. Verr. ;, ^4, 89 : 
 so, to I. nothing, nihil reliqui facere, Sail. 
 Cat. II, fin. 4. discedo, ssi, ssum, } 
 (foil, by ab, a ; to part from, forsalce : 
 less freq. in this sense) : his soldiers left 
 him, and returned home, milites ab eo 
 discedunt, ac domum revertuntur, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 12: Cic: Dolabella's wife has 
 left him (by divorce), uxor a IJolabella 
 discessit, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 2 (in 
 which sense also, digredior. Suet. Caes. 
 45)- II. ^0 leave property, etc., at 
 death : 1. rfilinquu, } : she left a 
 daughter in her teens, filiam reliquit 
 adolescentulam, Ter. Heaut. j, j, 41 : he 
 left I J estates, fundos deeem et tres 
 reliquit, Cic. R. Am. "j, Jin. : to I. any 
 on* tteir, aliquem heredem r., Cic. 2. 
 lego, I : v. TO BEQUEATH. (Comp. relggo, 
 only in Dig.) Ph r. : to I. a person one's 
 whole property, aliquem heredem (ex 
 asse) facere, Cic. Pli. 2, 16, 40 : / have 
 had more than. . . .left me, amplius. . . . 
 hereditatibus acceptum rettnli, Cic. 1. c. 
 Ill, To depart from : 1. discedo, 
 i (foil, by ab, de, ex ; and poet. abl. 
 alone) : never to I. any one's side, nun- 
 quam a latere aliciijus d., Cic. Am. tnit. : 
 to I. the forum, de foro d., id. Verr. 4, 6;, 
 extr. : to I. Gaul, e Gallia d., id. Ph. 
 8, "), 21 : Ov. {abl. alone). 2. excedo, 
 ? (to quit a place or scene ; not like dis- 
 cedo, to part from a person ; foil, by ex 
 or abl. alone, later by ace.) : to I. Italy 
 ■ x Italia ex., Cic. Ph. 12, 6, extr. : to I. 
 the city, urbe ex., id. ad Br. i, 15, ad 
 med. ; also urbem ex., Liv. 2, J7, ad fin. 
 (but here and elsewhere the readlnghas 
 been doubted, Korcell. s. v.). (N.B, — 
 I lecedo is to retire from a post of duty, 
 f. g. from a province.) 3. digredior, 
 uressus, } (about = discedo ; and same 
 ronstr.) : Cic. : Cais. : Liv. 4. eer6- 
 dior, } (about = excedo, and same con- 
 str.): Cic: Caes. (N.B. — The comps. 
 in -gredior indicate rather the first step 
 in the act of leaving; those in -cedo, 
 departure generally.) | V. To entrust -. 
 perraitto, mando, commendo, trade : v. 
 
 TO COMMIT, COMMEND. 
 
 - behind : rgunquo, j : v. to 
 
 LEAVE, ABANDON. 
 
 off: I. I'o cease: desino, j; 
 
 if only for a time, intermitto, j : v. to 
 CEASE. II. To cease wearing : pono, 
 posui, itum, j : to I. off the toga prae- 
 texta and assume the virilis, praetexta 
 poslta, virilera togam s. puram induere: 
 cf. Forcell. s. v. praetexta. (Deponere, to 
 lay aside, i. e. temporarily : v. to lay 
 ASIDE.) Fig.: to I. off bad habits, vitia 
 pouere, Cic. de Or. j, 12, 46. 
 
 out : Omitto, praetermitto, etc. : 
 
 v. TO OMIT. 
 
 leave («tt&s.) : |, Departure: chie^y 
 in phr., to take I. : \, renuntlo, 1 (with 
 dat. : only in later authors) : to take I. 
 o/" ?(/>, vitae r.. Suet. Gal. II. 2. valfre 
 dia>: cf. Suet. Aug. 55, discedens eodem 
 modo sedentibus valere dixit, he took I. 
 440 
 
 of them without their rising. (Vale- 
 dico, as one word, is without good au- 
 tUnrity.) 3, usu. better expr. by 
 
 liiscedo, digrgdior : i. e. to part from : 
 q. V. II. Fermissimi : 1, permi^sio 
 (rare), with abl. permissu: v. pekmis- 
 siox. 2. potestas : in phr., to give 
 any one I., alicui p. facere, Cic Cat. j, 
 5, II : foil, by genitive of ger., id. K. Am. 
 ^T. li ; by ut, id. Div. Verr. 14, 45. 
 (Facultatem dare, is simply to furnish 
 an opportunity.) 3. copia (rare in 
 this sense): I. was given to spcoA% data 
 (est) c. fandi, Virg. Aen. i, 520: cf. 
 Ter. Eun. prol. 21. 4. conimeatus, 
 
 us {I. of absence; strictly, as granted to 
 soldiers) : to give I. of absence, c. dare, 
 Liv. 21, 21 : v. FUKixjUGH. iu wider 
 sense : I. to rest from toil, c. acquiescendi 
 a continuatione laborum. Veil. 2, 99 : 
 Suet. 5. licentia : v. libertv. Phr.: 
 by your I. (a parenthetical clause, intro- 
 ducing what might seem offensive), bona 
 tua venia dixerim, Cic. Div. i, 15, 2;; 
 venia sit dicto, Plin. 5, 6, extr. ; pace 
 tua dixerim, Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 1 2 : to give 
 I., permittere, concedere (the latter im- 
 plying th£ concession of a favour) : v. 
 
 TO PERMIT, ALLOW. 
 
 leaven {subs.) .■ fermentum : v. fer- 
 ment (I.). 
 
 leaven ("•) •■ fennento, i ; v. to fer- 
 ment. 
 
 leavings : reliquiae (rell.) : there 
 would liave been no I. (at the feast), reli- 
 quiarum nihil fuisset, Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 
 
 in it. : v. REMNANT, REMAIKS. 
 
 lecherous : llbidlnosus, salax : v. 
 
 LISTKUL, LEWD. 
 
 lecherousness : libido : v. lust. 
 
 lectionary : *lecti6narium : only as 
 t. t.: Du Cange, s. v. 
 
 lecture (s"te.): 1. auditio (striclly, 
 as lieard by students : but also gene- 
 rally) : to attend Is, auditiones obire, 
 Gell. 19, 8, init. : to sit in l.-rooms, at- 
 tending to J..V, sedere in scholis auditioni 
 operatos, Plin. 26, 2, 6 : to give exoteric 
 l.s, efuiTtpiKa? auditiones facere, Gell. 
 2o, 5 2. acroasis, is,_/'. (Gr. a<cpda(Tts : 
 a lecture as composed or delivered) : he 
 delivered a I., and exhibited a model of a 
 wall, acroasin fecit, exemplarque niuri 
 protulit, Vitr. 10, 16 (22), }: Suet. 3. 
 schdla (Gr. (TxoKr)- a term applied to 
 literary and philosophical discussions 
 generally ; cf. Cic. Tusc. i, 4, 8, where the 
 scholae are in the form of dialogue) : to 
 deliver a I., (ex cathedra) s. aliquam 
 explicare, Cic. Fin. 2, init. : to deliver a 
 less formal I., scholam, scholas habere, 
 Cic Tusc 1. c. 
 
 lecture {v.) ■• j. To deliver foi-mal 
 lectures: 1, acroases facio, scholas 
 habeo : v. preced. art. 2. pracl^go, 
 legi, ctum, j (to read and explain an 
 author): Quint, i, 5, 11: Suet. ||. 
 To rejrrove in an offensive manner : 
 perh. corripio, } : v. to rebuke. 
 
 lecture-room : 1. auditorium : 
 
 Auct. Dial. Or. 29 : Quint. 2. schola 
 (a place for learned instruction or con- 
 versation) : Cic. : Plin. : v. .school. 3. 
 pergula (rare) : Suet. Gr. 18. 
 
 lecturer: 1. expr. by phr.: he 
 
 adopted the profession of a I. in mathe- 
 matics, *coepit scholas matheniaticas 
 habere : v. lecture. (N.B. — By no 
 means acroama, as R. and A.) 2. 
 praelector {one uho reads and explains) : 
 Gell. 18,5 (magister praelectorque). 
 
 ledge: I. a nariow shelf -like pro- 
 jection : Phr.: a narrow I. of rock, 
 •quasi tabulatum quoddam saxi peran- 
 gustum atque eminens : cf. Sail. Jug 
 9?, med., eminentibus saxis nisus, climb- 
 ing by the help of projecting ledges of 
 rock. II, A prominent ridge of rocks : 
 dorsum : v. rihoe. 
 
 ledger : codex accept! et expensi : 
 Cic. K. Com. 2, init. : to enter in a I., 
 referre m codice accept! et exp., Cic. 1. c. 
 
 lee : Phr.: on the l.-side, *a vento 
 aversus : H. Steph. s. v. vn^i/e^os : a 
 l.-shore, *littus venio expositum. 
 
 leech : |. The reptile : 1, hirudo 
 inis, /. : Cic: Hor. (ike common I., *b. 
 medicinalis, Linn.). 2. .sanguisuga 
 
 (a later name, Plin.) : a I. thai has 
 
 sucked its full, s. epota, Oels. 5, 27 
 16: Plin. II. A doctor: nigdicus: v 
 
 PHYSICIAN. 
 
 leek : porrum : Plin. 19, 6, a : Hor. 
 
 leer : [sc. limis oculisj aspicio, PI 
 Mil. 4, 6, 2 : Ter.: cf. Quint. 11, }, 76 
 limi et, ut sic dicam, venerei [oculi]: so 
 Hor. has, obliquo oculo, Ep. i, 14, }"], 
 but the above expr. denote simply a 
 sidelong glance. 
 
 leering (ai(?): Hmus, obliquus: v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 leeringly : limis s. obliquis oculls: 
 V. to leer. 
 
 lees : 'aex, cis,/. ; V. DREGS. 
 
 left {part, adj.) : reliquus : Ter. : Cic. 
 oft. in neut. absol.: what is there l.fm 
 him to live far, quid est huic reliqui 
 quod eum in vita hac teneat? Cic. Sull 
 ji. extr. To be /., resto. Hi, i: some 
 times with reliquus : that there may b 
 no reason I., ne causa uUa restel reliqua 
 Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 11 : v. to remain. 
 
 left («(?'•)•• 1. sinister, ira, trun 
 (the usu. word) : the I. hand, loot, side 
 s. manus, pes, latus, Quint. : Cnes. Cic 
 Hence, as subs., sinistra, the I. hand 01 
 side : the I. hand being hampered, 9. 
 impcdita, Caes. B. G. i, 25 : mi the right 
 h., m- the I., a dextra, a sinistra, Cic. 
 Div. I, 39, 85. 2. laevus (freq. in fig. 
 sense, left-handed, awkward) : the I, 
 hand, 1. manus, Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 145 : esp. 
 poet.: Virg.: Ov. In augural sense: 
 signs on the I. are deemed propitious, 
 laeva prospera putaniur, Plin. 2, 54, 55. 
 Also as subs., laeva, the I. hand or side 
 (^former perh. only poet.) : beforre and 
 beliind, on the I. and an the right, ante et 
 pone, ad 1. et ad dexteram, Cic. Tim. i j. 
 (Scaevus not used in this sense.) 
 
 left-handed: scaeva, ae, ■;«. : Ulp. 
 Dig. 21, I, 12 ^ }. (The iorm scaevola 
 occurs only as proper name.) Or expr. 
 by circuml., qui sinistra quam dextra 
 (manu) prompiior est (cf. Cels. n, pref., 
 esse chirurgus debet manu. . .non minus 
 sinistra quam dextra promptus) : sinistra 
 manu agiliore ac validiore. Suet. Tib. 
 68; qui s. manu validius utiiur, Ulp. 
 Dig. I. c. 
 
 leg: I. 'fa man or other animal: 
 cms, criris, n. (b^loiv the knee): Cic: 
 Virg. (The upper portion is femur: v. 
 thigh.) ||. Cf a couch, etc. : pes, 
 pedis, TO. ; couches with oaken l.s, lectuli 
 ilignis p., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 46: Ov. 
 
 legacy : leeiitum (usu. but not always 
 pi.) : the right to receire l.s, jus legata 
 capiendi. Suet. Doni. 8, med. To leave 
 a I., lego, I : he left a I. of 40 mil- 
 lions to the people, legavit populo R. 
 quadringenties. Suet. Aug. 101 : v. TO 
 
 BEyUKATH. 
 
 legacy-hunter : 1. captator : Juv. 
 10, 202 : Hor. 2. heredip^tii, ae, to. ; 
 Petr. 124. 
 
 legal : 1. legTlimus {prescritjed 
 by law) : the I. time, age, etc., tempus, 
 aetas 1., Cic. also = relating to the laws : 
 I. and civil disputes, 1. et civiles contro- 
 N-ersiae, Cic. Or. ^4, 120 : I. phrases, cere' 
 mollies, verba, ritus I., Gell. 2. 'e- 
 galis, e {relating to the lans : rare): a 
 I. question, I. quaestiu, Quint, i, 5, 4. 
 3. secundum legem or leges, ex 
 lege or legibus (ace as one enactment is 
 referred to, or several) : v. according 
 to. Phr.: to commence I. proceedings 
 against any one, litem alicui intendere, 
 Cic. (v. ACTION, V ; lawsuit): a I. fic- 
 tion, legis ficiio, Paul. Dig. 4, ?, 15. 
 
 legalize : P h r. : to propose {a law) 
 legalising marriage.': betueen patriciane 
 and plebeians, ut connubiuni palnbus 
 cum plebe sit fene, Liv. 4, 4, med. : 
 sometimes sancire (ut quid lioeal) may 
 serve: cf. Cic. Br. i, 5, med., nee quo- 
 minus id liceret, uUa lex saiixit. 
 
 legally : 1. legitime : Cic. : Jut. 
 2. lege, legibus : Ter. : Nep. 
 
 legate : legatus: v. DEPUTT. 
 
 legatee : legatarius : PauU Dig. 41, 
 3, 14: Suet. Fern, -a: Ulp. Dig. 
 
 legation : legatlo (act of sending a 
 legatus) : Cic. See also embassy. 
 
 legend : \. On a coin, etc. : ia- 
 scriptio, titiilus : v. inscription. ||. 
 A fictitious narrative : fabiila (gen.
 
 X.EGENI>ARY 
 
 LENS 
 
 LET 
 
 term), bistorla commenticia quae me- 
 moria prudlta est : v. fiction. 
 
 legendary : c<)mmenticiu9(_/icWi<n/j, 
 q. V.) : cf. prt'ced. art. 
 
 leger-de-main : praestlgiae, arom : 
 V. jUG(.Li;i;v. 
 
 leggings : perh. ocreae : Virg. Morel. 
 121. Oirssed in such, ocrealus, Hor. S. 
 1. ?. 2 54- 
 
 legibility : expr. by adj. : v. foil. art. 
 
 legible : compositus ac clarus, i. e. 
 well sliapen and distinct : Cic. Atl. 6, 9, 
 I (0/ tite liand-wi-iling of Attictis). Or 
 expr. by leRi posse : v. to read. 
 
 legibly : 'commode ad legendum ; 
 ul commode legi possit. 
 
 legion : ICkIo, otii.s /. .- Caes. : Cic. 
 Vimiu. legiuncula, a small, poor I., Liv. 
 J5, 49, vied. HrUmging to a I., legiona- 
 rius: v. li;i:ionakv. (N.B.— Not used 
 fig.: V. Ho.-^T.) 
 
 legionary (a<i?) ■• Wgionarius: Caes. 
 As subs., the Is, 1. milites, Caes. B. 0. 
 1,42. 
 
 legislate : J^ges scilbo (to dran' up 
 laws) : Liv. J, }2; coiido, ib. c. J4, init.; 
 do (of a sovereign autltoriti/) : cf. Cic. 
 Agr. 2. 22, 60 (legum datio); leges in- 
 £tituo, Just. 3, 2. 
 
 legislation: 1. expr. by v.rb: 
 thfij devuted tliemselvts to the vork- of I., 
 legibus condendis opera dabatur, Liv. }, 
 J4, itiit. : by the I. of Solon, insiituiis 
 Solonis legibus, Just, j, 2. 2. lenuni 
 datio ; Cic. v. preced. art. (Legis latio 
 \& the proposing if a laic.) 3. some- 
 times leges may serve : to establish as 
 it were a new state bi/ 1, (of Solon), velut 
 novam civitatem legibus condere, Just. 
 
 2. "J- 
 
 legislative : Ph r. : a ?. body, *qui- 
 bus jus est legum scribendarum : v. to 
 
 LEGISI.ATK. 
 
 legislator: legum lator: Liv. J4, 
 J I, /n. (leg's lator = qui legt ai fert, cf. 
 Cic. N. D. i, J8,/K.). Or expr. by legos 
 scribere, etc. : v. TO legislatk. 
 
 legislature : *'• quos penes est cura 
 legunj S( ribeiidarum. (Not magistratus 
 legibus scriheiidis, as R. and A.) 
 
 legitimacy: expr. by adj.: v. foil. 
 &rt. 
 
 legitimate : I. According tc law : 
 
 legltlmus: v. legal. ||. Born in wed- 
 
 loch : 1. let'iiiiims : opp. 1j notbus. 
 
 Quint J, 6, 96: Cic. Rep. 5, ?. 2. 
 
 Justa uxore natus : Cic. Tusc. i. j,, 85 : 
 
 justo matrimonio (jusiis uuptiis, cf. 
 
 Cic Rep. I.e.) susceptus: Just. 10, init. 
 
 III. Properly M called : perh. ger- 
 
 manus : v. gi ni;ini'.. 
 
 legitimately : legitime : v. legally. 
 
 leguminous : I'hr.: l. plants, legu- 
 
 mina, um, n. : Cic. 
 
 leisure : 1. otium (time not occu- 
 pied tcith busines.^) : to liaon I. for any- 
 thing, o. ad aliquid faciendum liabere. 
 Ten Ph. 5, ;, 4 to Sjitnd one's I. iti . . ., 
 o. suum consumere in. . . (with gerund.), 
 Cic. de Or. 2, n, ST. also, otio abuti, to 
 pass it aivay. id. Rep. I, 9 : lUerai-y I., 
 o. litteratuni, id. I'usc. 5, j6, fin. : if 
 you are at I. (have tinn: to spai-e), otium 
 si sit, PI. Hence, oiiosiis, at leisure, 
 q. V. 2. tempus vacuum : Cic. Q. Fr. 
 j, 4, 2 : for which, vacivum tempus, Ter. 
 Heaut. I, I, ;8. 
 
 . at : 1. otiosus (not taken 
 
 up by bitsiness) : to Jmd a persmi at I., 
 aliquem o. nancisci, Cic. Rep. 1,9: cf. 
 id. Off. }, rriiY. 2. vicuus (like preced., 
 disengaged) : as we are at I., quoniam 
 vacui siunus, Cic. Leg. i, 4, 1 J : esp. of 
 time, V. prt-O'd. art. (2). 3. P'"'t- 
 
 Iners, rtis I. hours, i. horae, Hor. S. 2, 
 6, 61 : Ov. 4. subsecivus (with ref. 
 to odd fragments of time, savi-d from 
 business): Cic. : Plin. nun.: v. si'ARK 
 (adj.). P h r. : not at I., occupatus, Cic. 
 Sen. 10, 12: to be at I., (1). vaco. i : esp. 
 wiih ref. to some object : 1/ you hare the 
 L, si vacabis, Cic. Att. I2, j8 : / am 
 always at I. for philosophi/, pbilosophiae 
 semper vaco, id. Div. 1,6, 11: also im- 
 pers., vacal mihi, libi, /, you have I., 
 Plin. Kp. 9, If) (toll, by inf.). (2). otlor, 
 I (to take one's I.): Hor. S. 1, 6, 128: 
 Cic. (3). ce^so, i (to have nothing to 
 
 do) : Cic. Off. i, init. : Hor. Join: nihil 
 agere et cessare, Cic. N. I). }, }<),fin. 
 
 leisurely (adj) • P«''*>- lentus (usu. 
 Implying blame) : v. stow. 
 
 leisurely (adv.) -. otiose : Cic. 
 
 lemon : * citras limon (i. e. the 
 tret:), Liim. (Kr.). The fruit, •pomum 
 citreum. 
 
 lemonade : 'aqua limonata (Kr.). 
 
 lend : 1. expr. by nmtuus and a ' 
 verb: to I. any one a large sum of . 
 jnoiieii, alicui niagnam dare pecuniam [ 
 nmtu'am, Cic. Atl. 11, i: to ask any < 
 one to I. money, aliquem rogare m. ar- ! 
 gentum, PI. I's. i, }, yf>. 2. com- j 
 niddo, I (to oblige with the itse of a 
 thing; less freq. of money): to I. any 
 cnie a cloak, alicui paenulam c, Quuil. 
 6, J, 64 ; to I. a house for a wedding, \ 
 aedes ad nuptias c, Auct. Her. 4, 51, 
 64 ; Gai. Dig. 4'7. 2. 54- Fig.: to I. a \ 
 patient ear to culture, culturae patient-m , 
 c. atirem, Hor. Ep. i, i, 40. (Commodo 
 may be used of any obliging act ; mu- 
 tuus implies an actual loan.) P h r. : 
 to I. assistance, ferre opem: Cic: v. 
 
 ASSIsTAXt'E. 
 
 lender : 1. l"' pecuniam mutuam 
 
 dat; v. TO LKND. See also r.sCRER. 
 
 2. commodalor (if an article to be 
 
 used and rttui-ned : legal term) : Paul. 
 
 Dig 4", 2, 5J, V I. 
 
 length: 1. longitiido (f/ s/xice, or 
 less Ireq. i(Hie): Caes. Cic. 2. exp""- 
 in hnyth by longus : it v as ? ft. in I., 
 ires longum (sc. femim) habebal pedes, 
 Liv. 21, 8, fn.: a trench 6 ft. in I., 1 
 scrobis longus pedum sex, Col. 5, 6, 
 vied. : a fiirrmv 4 ft. in I., sulcus in 
 quatiuor pedes longus, id. Arbor. 16 3. 
 dii'iturnitas (of duration) : I. of time, of I 
 pi'uce, tenipori.s, pacts d., Cic: Caes., 
 Also absol. = to)(£f duration, Cic. Sen. j 
 
 11, exir. 4. longinquilas (of dura- 
 tion) : I. of life, 1. aetalis, Ter. Hec 4, j 
 2. 20. 5. prolixitas (great length: , 
 chiefly late) : a serptnt <f immense I., | 
 serpens immensae p., Am. •], 46, p. 2?o; 
 great I. of time, p. leniporis, Ulp._ Dig. 
 ;6, I, 22 $ j: Apul. 6. proceritas , 
 (in an upward direction) : I. of neck 
 (of swans), p. coUorum, Cic. 
 
 -, at: I. 4/''«'" ^9 delay: 
 
 1. tandem: Ter.: Caes. Strength- 
 ened with jam, nliquando, denique : at 
 I. ne grasp. . ., jam tandem prendimus, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 61 : so, tandem aliquando, 
 Cic. Cat. 2, init. 2. demum (always 
 preceded by nunc, tunc, or a similar 
 word) : now at I. (= not till Ttow) J 
 repli/ to the letter, nunc d. rescribo his 
 litteris. . ., Cic. Att. 16, j, init. See also 
 LAST (AT). II . Copiously: 1. fuse: 
 Cic. Join: fuse lateque, id. Tusc. 4, 
 25, $") ; fuse et copiose, id. Fin. j. "j, 
 extr. 2. late : Caes. B. C. 2, n. Ksp. 
 with another syn., v. supr. 3- pleue 
 (full I/): Flin. 
 
 lengthen : 1. expr. by circuml. : 
 Jjhiaates i:d the suoi'd, I. gladios loiigi- 
 ores fecit, Nep. Iph. i: so with reJdo: 
 V. TO MAKE. 2. produco. xi, etum, 
 J (chiefly of duration) : to I. life, vilam 
 p., Nep. Att. 21 : Cic: v. to prolong. 
 To I. a syllable, syllabam p., Ov. Pout. 4, 
 
 12, 12 : Gr. 
 
 length-wise : in longitudinem : Cic. 
 Tim. 1. 
 
 lengthy: 1. longus: Auct. DiaL 
 22 (longus in narrationibus). 2. P™- 
 
 llXUS : V. PROLIX. 
 
 leniency : lenitas, dementia, man- 
 
 SUCtudo: V. MILDNESS. 
 
 lenient : mitis, lenis, Clemens : v. 
 Mii.i). Sometimes misericors may serve, 
 cl. Sail. Cat. 52, nie<i., slut niiserlcordes 
 in iuribus aerarii : v. merciful. Tool, 
 a punishment, levlor |M)ena, cf. ib. 51, 
 mal. P h r. : to adopt the more I. inter- 
 pretatiim, benignlus interpretari. Dig. 
 
 leniently : P^f''- leniter : V. MiLDLT. 
 To Mia re I. towards, mitem, miseri- 
 cordem esse, se praebere erga : v. 
 
 LENIENT. 
 
 lenity : v. leniency. 
 
 lens : V^<^ vitrea, Plin. j6. 26, b-j 
 A 199; p. crystallina. Id. ?7. 2, 10: cf. 
 I^act. Ir. 10, niirf., orbcm vltreum plenum 
 
 aquae si tenueris m sole, etc. (Kr. givee 
 leiilicula, relerring 10 Cels. 2, 17, fm . 
 where it denotes a kind of bottle : it 
 may however be used as sclent, t. t.) 
 
 lent : quadrageslma : we observe but 
 one. I , DOS niiam q. jejunanius, Hier. Kp. 
 41. Cornice, esuriales feriae: PI. Cap. 
 J, I, 8. 
 
 lenten : •quadragesimSlis, e: v. Do 
 Cange, s. V. Pb r. : I. fare, perb. aridua 
 victus, Cic. R. Am. 27, 75. 
 
 lentU : I^ns, ntis, /. : Vlrg. : Hin. 
 Also as dimiu. lenticula, Ccls. : PalL 
 
 leonine : I'-Onlnus : l. appearonee, L 
 species, Varr. R. R. 2, 9. ad init. Ph r. : 
 I. veises, versus leonini, M. L. 
 
 leopard: leopardus: Vopisc. (Felis 
 I , Linn.) 
 
 leper : (homo) leprosus : Vulg. Matt 
 X. 8, 
 
 leprosy: leprae, arum: Plin. 24, 8, 
 jj. also Ki'n^., Vulg. Ix-v. xiii. (Scabies, 
 Tac. H. 5, 4, is too general a term.) 
 
 leprous: leprosus: Sedul. : Vulg. 
 
 less (<^j-) ■ minor, us : v. littlr. 
 Dimin. minusculus, rather less, Cia 
 (oftener = rather small). 
 
 less (adv.): minus: pass Much L, 
 nedum, with subj. : mwh I. can you, n. 
 tu possis, Ter. Heaut. j, I, 45: Cic: 
 also without a verb expressed, cf. Cic 
 Fam. 16, 8, vix in ipsis tectis frigus vita- 
 uu, n. in niari ; with ut added belore 
 the subJ., Liv. I, 14, .fin. (nedum ut via 
 uUa tierel). For nedum Tac. sumetimes 
 has, adeo uon, adeo uunquani, cf. Ann. 
 6, 15, extr. 
 
 -less (suffix) : expr. by prefixes ia, 
 ex-, or sometimes prep, sine: see the adJJ. 
 
 lessee: conductor (one who hires or 
 reiitsi) : PI. : Cic. Fein, -trix, Imp. Cod. 
 
 lessen : mlnuo, \, utum, } ; with 
 comps. imniinuo, deminuo (not di-), etc. • 
 
 v. TO Dl.MIM.'-H. 
 
 lessening: Immlnutio: Cic: Quinu 
 (Or expr. by verb.) 
 
 lesson : I. T^ot which is taught or 
 learned: Phr. : to give Is in rhetoric, 
 grammar, etc., rhetoricam, p rammaticiim 
 docere. Suet. Gr. 6 : also praecepta (elo- 
 quentiae) tradere (i. e. to give theoretical 
 instructiim), ib. 7 : to take l.s of any 
 one, audire (magistrimi), ib. 10 (v. to 
 LEARN) : he began to give Is, scholam 
 aperuit, lb. 16. See also precf.it, in- 
 struction, LECTURE. II, tiy Way of 
 example or naming : dftciimenium ; Ut 
 him learn a I. from me, habeat me ipsum 
 sibi documenlo. Cic. Agr. i, ./in. : an 
 impiessive I. against trusting Hcrnian 
 faith, iusigne d. ne quls tidei Romanae 
 confidat, Liv. 21, ig. extr. |||. A por- 
 tion for reading: 'lectio: a book of 
 such, »lectionarium M. L. |V. ^a*'^ 
 given to a pupil: pensuni : to otttvd to 
 l.s, *pensis operam dare, in pensa incum- 
 bere : v. TO attend to ; devote onb- 
 SFLF to. Lessons dictated for learning, 
 dictata. orum : Cic. Fin. 4, 4, 10. 
 
 lessor : locator : correll. term to con- 
 ductor . V. LESSEE. 
 
 lest : "5 ; in certain cases, esp. before 
 indef. pron. quis, ut (quo) ne, with subj. : 
 v. Dr. Smith's I.ai. Diet. s. v. ne (5): 
 Ter. : Cic. : Caes. (the last appears never 
 to use ut ne). Comps. (1). necfibl, Ust 
 any where. Caes. B. G. 7, }$ (necubi 
 Romani copias transducereni) Liv. (2). 
 necunde, lest from nny quarter, Liv. Z2, 
 2}, extr. (necunde inipeius in frumenta- 
 tores fieret). See also that. 
 
 let: I. '^° suffer, allow: sino, 
 
 pftiior' V. TO ALU1W (ML). See also 
 foil, artt II, As ix-ripbr. for impnaL 
 mood : 1. exjir. by ? pers. sing, and 
 pi., or I pers. pi. ot pros. subj. ; in nega- 
 tive comm.nds. with ng v. L. O. $} 419 
 420; 44?. 2. <"c. filcito, with subj 
 (in formal J>rf.>o^;)^"»>*■. etc.) : let the 
 poles, be altnuis in the sun, perlicae utl 
 semper in sole sint laclto Col. 12, 59: 
 Cic. : rarely foil, by inf.. let the honey 
 be thrice boiled, mel ter infervere tacito, 
 Col. 12, ;8, med. |||. To lease: lOco. 
 I : to /. land for (a share if) the grain, 
 agnim frumento I , Liv. 27. ;. init.: 
 Plin. niin. Also el6co, i : Cic. Verr. u 
 22 in if. : to I. out oxen (for farm Imr 
 44«
 
 LET ALONE 
 
 LEVEL 
 
 LI A TSO^ 
 
 hour), buves e., Col. i, •;, med. |V. 
 In phr. to let blood: sanguinem miito : 
 
 V. TO BLEED. 
 
 let alone : 1. abstineo, 2 ; foil, by 
 ab {Id refrain from mtddUng with) : 
 Liv. 21,6 more detinitely, abs. inamim : 
 can't yoa I. me alone, potin' ut me (= a 
 me) absUiieas manum ? I'l. Most. 2,4, 
 10. 2. omittx), J {after having begun) : 
 Liv. 7, 29 (Samniles omissis Sidicinis 
 Campanos adorti) : v. to abandon. 
 
 — down: demitto, J: V. TO LOWER. 
 fall : demitio, emitto, } : v. fall 
 
 (TO LET). 
 
 — fly : emitto, } : V. TO discharge. 
 
 go: dimiito, omitlo, j: v. go 
 
 (to LET). 
 
 in : admitro, j : v. to admit. 
 
 — loose : emitto, J : V. GO (to let). 
 
 off: (?) e.xplodo, J : v. TO ex- 
 plode, DISCH.^RGE. 
 
 — out: I. '^o suffer to escape: 
 emitto, ? : V. GO (to let). ||. To 
 lease : el6co, i v. to lea.se. 
 
 slip: Phr.: to I. slip an oppor- 
 tunity, occasionem amittere, I'er. Eun. 
 J. !. 58. 
 
 lethal : leialis, e . V. fatal. 
 lethargic: 1. lethargicus: Plin. 
 As subs. = a lethargic person, Hor. S. 2, 
 J, jo: Plin. 2. veiernosus; Plin. 20, 
 4, I J. Set' also DROWSY'. 
 
 lethargy : 1. vetemus (a state of 
 didness or slet-piness) : to suffer frr/in l, 
 veterno teneri, ef. PI. Men. ;, 4, j. 
 Fig. (more usu. sense) : tlie wliole city 
 is overcome with I., v. civitatem occu- 
 pavit, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 6, j : Virg. : 
 Hor. 2. lethargus (the physical 
 state only) : to be suffering from pro- 
 found l; 1. grandi [in prosf, gravij op- 
 pressum esse, Hor. S. i, }, 14; : Plm. 
 Phr.: to be good for I., lethargicis s. 
 veternosis prodesse : v. preced. art. 3. 
 torpor (numbness ; hence inactivity) : 
 Tac. G. 46. 
 lethean: Lethaeus; Virg. G. I, ^S. 
 letter : I. of the alphabet : 
 
 litlera: to maric the I. A, litleram A 
 imprimere, Cic. Div. i, ij, zj: else- 
 where, Tusc. 1. 25, 62, Cic. has, litte- 
 rarum notae for the l.s of the alphabet. 
 Capital and running l.s, *1. unciales, cur- 
 sivae, M. L. (but unciales strictly refers 
 only to the size of letters ^=niajusculi). 
 II, TiMt which is specially torilten : 
 1. scriptum : contrary to the I. of 
 the law, contra s., Cic. Br. jg, 14; : to 
 follow the I. (opp. to the intention of 
 language), s. sequi, id. Caec. 2!, 65. 
 2. praescriptum {of instructions 
 from a sutierioi) : to cairy out orders 
 to the I., omnia agere ad p., Caes. B. C. 
 i> 51- 3. littera (rare in this sense): 
 to the I. (=' verbatim), ad I., Quint. 9. i, 
 25 : Vulg. II. Cor. ii. 6 (opp. to spiritus : 
 not class.). Join: verba et litterae, 
 Cic. Caec. 1. c. 4. verba, orum ; cf. 
 supr. {II., S). See also literally. |||. 
 An epistle : 1, littgrae, arum (the 
 most freq. word in familiar language) : 
 to post (lit. pine to the letter-carrier) a 
 letter, lltteras dare, Cic. Ep. pass.: to 
 receive one, I. accipere, ib. jxiss. : / have 
 received a I. from my brother, 1. mihi a 
 fratre allatae sunt, id. Att, ?, 26: any 
 letters t ecquiil litterarum } ib. 2, 8 : no 
 I. from you for so long ! abs te tam diu 
 nihil litterarum! ib. i, 2. (N.B -To 
 denote tivo, three, etc., letters, the dlstrib. 
 numerals must be used, e. g. tuae litterae 
 binae, Cic. Att. 5, } ; or else epistola 
 must be used, iis is more freq. the case : 
 cf. ib. I, I ?; 5. i;. etc.) 2. epistola: 
 ne^kct in the matter of l.-ivriting, negli- 
 gentiaepisti'laruin.Cic. Att. 1,6: to send 
 no I. willuhU simitthiny n-ritten about, 
 nullam e. sine fCic. uses absque bee cuse 
 of the preceding sine] argumento mittere, 
 cf . ib. 1 , 1 9, 1 to write a long I. to any (me, 
 longam e. ad aliquem scrlbere, id. Fain 
 14, 2. Adj. epistolaris, e.g. charta, l.- 
 paper. Mart. 14, 11, lem. 3. tabellae 
 {the tablets or leaves on which a I. uas 
 written) : cf. Liv. 45, i, where a I. an- 
 nouncing victory is first called litterae 
 laureatae, afterwards, as ejlhibited to 
 the people, tabellae laureatae. 4. co- 
 442 
 
 dicilli (a short nuie) : Cic : I'liii. : v. 
 note. IV. In pl- only, learning : lit- 
 terae, arum: v. literaturk, lkabning. 
 
 letter-carrier : tabeiiarius : Cic 
 
 Ep. pass. 
 
 letter-case : scrinium : v. desk. 
 
 lettered {adij-) • litterams : v. learn- 
 ed (4.). 
 
 letter- writer : Phr.: to be a great 
 I.. *plurimas scriptitare litteras ; pluri- 
 marum esse epistolarum (litterarum 
 would rather reler to knowledge of lite- 
 rature) : ct. foil. art. 
 
 letter-writing: expr. by epistola: 
 
 of. Cic. Att. I. 6, negligentia epi^tolaruni, 
 neglect of I.: to excel in I., *iii epistolis 
 excellere (or perh. in *epistulai i genere 
 e.xcellere). See also corresfondknck. 
 
 letting {subs.) : i. e. leasing, locatio : 
 Liv. ; Cul. 
 
 lettuce : lactuca : Hor. : Plin. Dimin. 
 lactucula : jus' a stalk of l, thyrsus lac- 
 tuculae. Suet Aug. 77 : Cul. Abounding 
 in l.s, lactucosus, Diom. ; o l.-seller, lac- 
 lucarius, Diom. 
 
 levant: *littora orientalia medii 
 quod dicitur maris; regiones eae quae 
 niari medio ab orimte adjacent. 
 
 levee : expr. by saliiiatio : to exclude 
 any one from l.s, aliquem publicA s. 
 prohlbere. Suet. Vesp. 4 : cf. id. Aug. 5;, 
 promiscuis salutationibus admittibat el 
 plebem, i e. he held open l.s. The terra 
 originally referred to the receptions given 
 in the morning by eminent citizens cf. 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 20, mane salutamus domi 
 (/ hoM a I. in my ovm liouse) bonos 
 viros multos . . . ubi salutatio defluxit 
 {after the I. is over). A fuller expr. is 
 officium salutatiotiis, Suet. Aug. 27, 
 which however, like the single word, is 
 equally applicable to a single compli- 
 mentary call : also, oflScium, as gen. 
 term for a complimentary act, may 
 sometimes serve : v. compliment. 
 
 level (<wy) •■ 1. planus (most gen. 
 term): PI.: Caes. Join: aequus et 
 planus [locus] Cic. Caec. i-].fin.; pl. et 
 aequabilis, id. Tim. ?. 2. aequus: 
 
 Caes. E.sp. in neut. absol., in aequo, on 
 the I. ground. Liv. 5, j8 : Tac. (Cf. 
 supr.) 3. aequabilis, e (rare in this 
 sense): v. suirr. (1). See also even 
 {adj.). 4. aequalis, e (also rare): 
 Ov. 5. libratus (in strictly scient. 
 sense) : it is his opinion that water is 
 not {strictly) I., placet ei aquam non 
 esse 1.. Vitr. 8, 5 (6), j. 
 
 level (««''»■•) •■ I. horizontal posi- 
 tion: libraia collocatio, Vitr. 8, 5 (6), l : 
 also, libratio, ib. ^ J. To take a l, 
 librare, perlibrare. Vitr. I.e. Phr.: to 
 sink to the I. of the water ad aequili- 
 brium aquae mergi. Sen. N. y. }, 25, 5. 
 II. An instrument for taking levels : 
 Vitr. enumerates the lollowing : libraria 
 aquaria (a water-l.) ; dioptra (an optical 
 I.) ; chorobates, ae {of a more elaborate 
 kind), de Arch. 8, 5" (6): add to these, 
 aequamentum, Varr. in Nun. J||. An 
 even surface : planus locus, planllies, 
 etc.: V. preced. art. ; and plain (swbs.). 
 IV. Usual or natural elevation : 
 Phr.: to rise above the common I., 
 *egredi supra reliquos (cf. supergredi, 
 Tac. Agr. i) ; praeter solitum (supra 
 modum, in bad sense, cf. Pac. A. 14, 
 52) : th ings I' ill soon find their I., *brevi 
 tempore omnia in suum locum reverten 
 tur. V. Position of equality : Phr.: 
 on a I. with, aequalis (v. equal) : to set 
 on a I., exaequo : e. g. to put oneself on 
 a I. with inferiors, ^e cum inlerioribus 
 ex., Cic. Am. 20, init. : the law puts 
 quadrupeds on a I with slaves, lex ser- 
 vis ex. quadrupedes, Gai. Dig. 9, 2, 2 : 
 in same sense, adaequo. Cic. : Tac. 
 
 , to place on a : exaequo, i : v. 
 
 preced. art. fin. 
 
 level ("•) •■ I. ^o ^"-'^^ '^ ^''*' •■ 
 
 librii, I : v. preced art. {[■). ||. To 
 make level or ei-en .- complano, I Cato, 
 R. R. 1 59 in same sense, aequo: Virg. G. 
 I, 178. (Or expr. by circuml., planum 
 faci-i, reddo : v. level, adj.) |||. To 
 bring to the {level of) the ground : 1. 
 aequo, I : to destroy a city and I. it 
 with the ground, urbem excisam solo 
 
 aeq.. Veil. 2, 4 : Liv. ; Tac 2. adae- 
 quo, I : Liv. I, 29 (tecta solo ad.). 3. 
 coaequo, I : Sail. Cat. 20. 4. com- 
 plano, I: Cic. (?) Horn. 38. 101 : Hirt. 
 5. stern' ), stravi, tum, j {to lay Jlat, 
 prostrate): tc I. valls with the ram, 
 niuros ariete s., Liv. i, 29 : cf. Virg. Aen. 
 II, 485, priinum steriie solo. (Oiten 
 diruo, everto, will be precise enough : 
 cf. Liv. 4, 16, ini'i. . V. to pull down.) 
 
 leveller: I. 'ne skilled in level- 
 ling : libiator : Plin. Ep. 10, 50 (70). ||, 
 One who destroys distinctions : expr 
 by exaequo, i : v le\ kl, subs. (V.). 
 
 levelling {subs.): Ubratlo, perlibrii 
 tio: Vitr. 
 
 levelness: 1. planlties, ei (rare 
 in abstr. sense): Cic. Div. i, i, 2 (p. 
 magnitudoque regionuin). 2. aequali- 
 las : .Sen. Ep. 5?, i (aeq. maris). Or 
 expr. by adj. : v. level. 
 
 lever : vectis, is, m. : Caes. : Cic. 77ie 
 shmt arm of a I., lingua, lingu la : Vitr, 
 
 leverage : P h r. : (fte did so) in 
 order to obtain a I., *quo majore mo- 
 mento res inclinaietur ; quo magis in 
 modum vectis vires suas adhiberet. 
 
 leveret : *pullus lepurlnus (cf. pullus 
 equinus, etc.). l.epusculus occurs in 
 Varr. and Cic. in sense of a poor little 
 hare ; not a young one. 
 
 leviable: q"od exigi potest: v. to 
 
 LEVY. 
 
 leviathan: *ieviatha: Vulg. Job 
 
 xl. 20 (but draco, Ps. ciii. 28). 
 Levite: LevltesorLevita, ae: Vnlg. 
 Levitical: levincus: Vuig. 
 
 levity: 1. perh. levitas: cf. Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 18, 61, amatoriis levitatibus 
 (frivolities) : but the word denoie.-* 
 empty-mindedness, want of solidity if 
 character generally. 2. with ref. to 
 joking : Jocus, j6catio : nothing is more 
 untimely than I. over important subjects, 
 *nihil intempestivius quam de rebus gra- 
 vibus jocatio : cease your I., *omitte 
 jocos ! v. joking. 
 
 levy {subs.) : delectus, us : to hold a 
 I., d. habere, Liv. 
 
 levy (".) ■• I. To raise troops ; 
 scribo, etc : v. TO enlist. ||. To im- 
 pose a tax : 1. exigo, }: v. to exact. 
 2. Impero, i (to order to furnish : 
 with dat. of person and ace. of thing) : 
 Ae l.s tlie utmost possible number of 
 troops of the whole province, toti pro- 
 vinciae quam maximum militum nu- 
 merum imperat, Caes. B. G. i, 7 : so, 
 imp. civitatibus obsides, id. 7, 64. See 
 also to impose. 
 
 lewd : 1. incestus {impure, un- 
 chaste): I. discourse, i. sermo, Liv 8,28, 
 med. : Hor. : Ov. 2. impudicus : I. 
 women, imp. nmlieres, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10 : 
 Pl. Join: inipuri Inipudifique, ib. 10, 
 2J. 3. impiirus : v. impure. See also 
 licentious. 
 lewdly : inceste : Cic. : Suet, 
 lewdness : 1. incestum {unchaste 
 indulgence) : to commit I., inc. facere, 
 Cic Inv. I, 40, 7!: cf, incest. 2. 
 libido, inis, ./. : v. lost. 3. inipudi- 
 citia : Tac. A. 5, j (esp. as here, of un- 
 natural last). 
 
 lexicographer : *lexici conditor ; 
 or perh. lexicographus. 
 lexicography : expr. by lexica con- 
 
 deie : v. loll. art. 
 
 lexicon: *lexicon, i: M. L. (The 
 terms onomasticon, etymolngicum, are 
 of more ancient use, but less compre- 
 hensive.) 
 
 liable : 1. obnoxius (boib in legal 
 sense, and generally) : to be I. (to action 
 or penalty) under a certain law, lege 
 aliqua obn. esse, Paul. Dig. 11, }, 14 ■ 
 Pl. : I. to a disease, morbo obn., Plin. 
 17, 24, ?7 5 221 : V. EXPOSED. 2. reus, 
 a {legally bound) : with gen., I. for the 
 pai/ment of a dower, dotis reus, ITlp. 
 Dig. 24, ?, 22, $ 2. To be I. to decay, 
 carie infestari. Col. : Plin. : to be I. to an 
 action for injury, injuriarum actione 
 teneri, Gai. Dig. 47, 10, 12. 
 
 liability : expr. by adj. ; v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 liaison: consuetude stupri, Sail. Cat 
 2J.
 
 LIAR 
 
 LICK 
 
 LIE BETWEEN 
 
 liar: mendax, acls (strictly adi-) ■■ 
 Quint. 4, 2, 91. Plir. : a consummate 
 deceiver and I., totus ex fraude <;t meu- 
 dacio factus, Cic. Clu. z6, Jin. 
 
 libation : 1. liliaiueiiiuiii, libanien 
 (the iill'eriny of a portion 0/ a sacrifice, 
 to symliulize the demtion of tlie whole) : 
 cf. VIrg. Apii. 6, 246, wlx-re the libainma 
 consist of bristles frovi, the forehuul of 
 a victim : Cic. : Just. 2. li^atio 
 
 (= precfd.) : Auct. Harusp. lo, 21. 
 3. usu. bcitei- I'xpr. by Ubo, i {to 
 offer a I.) : Viis;. jw-ss. 
 
 libel: "••a™^ P'"'- famSsus libellus 
 (traeifrfilse): v. i.,\ mi-chin. (Soraeiiiiies 
 fig = a false charge. npiHobrium lal- 
 8um. Hi.V. Kp. I. i6, 58; or simply, 
 niemtacimn: v. rki-roach, i.tk.) 
 
 libellous- lamOsus. with libellus. 
 etc. : V. LAMPOON. I'lir. such lanyuane 
 is l, •qui Uilia (ippmbria in aliquem 
 dicit, tenetur injuriarum aciUme: ct 
 Pig. 4T, lo (de injuriis et faniosis 11- 
 belUs) . to compose I. verses against any 
 one, allquHm procacibus versibua dil- 
 famare, Tac. A. i , 12. 
 
 libellously: *alterius m oppro- 
 brium. . . , 
 liberal: \. Free in gwmg : 1. 
 libfiralis, e; I. tvilh money, pecuniae 1., 
 Sail. Oat. -j; with in and ace. of tlie 
 person toivaids ichom. Suet. Vesp. -j. 
 Join- bcneticus liberalis<iue ; niuni- 
 ficus et 1. ; largiLs. benehcus, 1., Cic. 
 2 lariius (in (I""*! or bad sense; 
 including bitli the libcralis and the pro- 
 digus, Cic. Oif. 2, i6 55) : lac. 3. 
 bfiiiignus {bounteous, generous; opp.to 
 maliRnu>): v. gkm.rous (U., 2). 4. 
 munif icus (usu. on a large scale) : to m 
 I in giving, m. esse in dando, Cic. OH. 
 2. i8, 64: cf. supr. (1). Hhr.: to be I. 
 with xrhat is not one's oion, largiri ex 
 alieno, Cic. Fam. i.e.atlfin. ||. Abun- 
 dant: largus: V. COPIOUS. \\\, Apper- 
 taiuing to free citizens: Fhr. : the L 
 arts, libeiales artcs ; lil>erales doclrinae 
 ingenuaeque, cf. Cic. de Or. j, J2, 127; 
 ingenua studia atque anes, id. Fin. 5. 
 18 48 ; ingenuae et humanae artes, id. 
 de Or. 5, '•, 21 IV. ^'^«*' unbiassed: 
 ingfinuus, candidus v. candid. 
 
 liberality : I. /» giving; 1. 
 Hberalitas: cf. Cic. Off. i. % benefi- 
 cenlia, quim eaiidfm beiiignit^item vel 
 lilierabtatera appellari licet (stnctly, 
 liberalitas is open-handedness ; benen- 
 centia, active kindness ; benignitas, ge- 
 nerosity) : somelinies = an act of I., 
 Suet. Hor. med. 2. largitas (stronger 
 than preceil ) : excessioe I., inmia 1., I er. 
 Heaut. }, I, n- Cic. 3. munificentia 
 
 (cf. LIBEKAI., 1., 4): CiC. 4. ''^mg- 
 
 nltas: Y. supr. (1). II. In thinking: 
 animus nullis destinatis sententus ad- 
 dictus, cl. Cic. (use. 2, 2. 5 ; nullius in 
 verba jurare aildictus, cf. Hor. Kp. 1, 1. 
 14; •nihil praejii'iicaii -ecuni afferens 
 
 (V FHEJUDICK). See also CANDOUR. 
 
 liberallv: I. HountifuUy : libe- 
 raliter; large et llberaliter; henig'-e; 
 munlBce: Cic: lor syn. v. preced. artt. 
 II. As becomes a free citizen : llber- 
 aliter: e. g. edU'a'us: Cic. Fin. }, 17, 
 
 5-7 : cf. LIBERAL (II.). 
 
 liberate : I. ''« .^'■«' "'«'"« • 
 
 solvo, libero, etc. : v. to relkase, free. 
 II. lb manumit: maimmilto, etc.: 
 
 V. TO MANUMIT 
 
 liberated (j>art. adj.): Phr.: a l. 
 slave, pileatus {wearing the cap of 
 liberty), ct. Suet. Ner. fin.: Liv.: v. 
 
 FBEEDMAN. _ 
 
 liberation : libemtio : Cic (Orexpr. 
 
 by *erb ; v. to krke.) 
 
 liberator: 1. libeiaf.r: o«7- .s 
 
 (lirutus ami cassins), no.stri l.,Cic. Atl 
 14, 17: l.iv. 2. a >ertor {imi- nho 
 
 leoally asserts the freedtrm of a person 
 Iwld to bondage) : cf. -^wi. Gal. 9. ut hu- 
 mano generi asset torem ducetnque ac- 
 conimodaret, i. e tite I. and leader of 
 Vie human race : Liv. j, 46 (In primary 
 
 libertine ("''i) •, iib«rtinus (0/ the 
 
 class of fieedmeii): Liv. Hor. 
 
 libertine («»''»■) ■ f^"'""- ^'^^"^^^' 
 homo libidinosus: v. bake, debauchee. 
 
 mores dissoluti : v. 
 
 libertinism 
 
 pkofligacv. 
 
 liberty : 1. \i^rt^_i '• ''«^.';-'^J'; 
 2 meton. pileus, pileuni (lit. the 
 cap of I.) : to call the slacts to l, servos 
 ad p. vocare, Liv. 74. }i,fin. Phr.: to 
 talce l.s u Uh any one. liceiitius, libenuB, 
 famlliarius se in aliqueni gerere, cf. Cic. 
 
 Coel. IS, 51- ■ , ■ X.J , 
 
 , to be at : 'icet, uit, 2 (wnb dot. 
 
 of Eng. siibjevl) : I'er. : Cic. When the 
 inf. esse lullows with an adj., the laiter 
 is regularly in ace, but may also be in 
 dat : V. Dr. Smith's l.at. Diet. s. v. licet. 
 Phr.: I am {still) at I. (to act), 1. e. 
 have not committed myself, mlhi Inte- 
 grum est, Cic. AtL 15, 24 : / shall be at 
 I to pulilish {tlie book) or suppress it. 
 eiit lil)erum nobis vel publicare vel 
 anitlnere, Plln. Ep. i, 8, J : cf. free 
 (1.. 2). 
 
 libidinous: llbidfnosus: v. lewd. 
 librarian : bibiifithecarius (late) : 
 .\1. Anr. More strictly class, biblio- 
 tbecae praefectus. Kuhnk. in Kr. ; qui 
 bibliothcca.- praeest, Suet. Gr. 20 ; qui 
 supra biblii.lhecam est, V\iT. lib. 7, 9 5 : 
 also, (servus) a bibliothei:a, Inscr. in 
 ForccU. To appoint I., aliquem supra 
 bibliolhecam coiislltnere, Viir. I.e. 67. 
 library : blbliotheca {both the place 
 anil the books) : to take care of a /., 
 b. traclare, Cic. Fam. U, 77: to yet to- 
 gether a l, b. conticere, id. Alt. 1, 7 : 
 tofonn a {public) I., b. instiluere, Vitr. 
 lib. 7,54: to arravgi: a /., b. ordinare. 
 Suet. Gr. 21. Dimin. bibliothecula, o 
 small I., Symm. : relating to a I., biblio- 
 thecalis, Sid. Phr.: to leave one's I. to 
 ami one. libros alicui legare, Ulp. Dig. 
 j2," ?, 52 (bibliothccain legare may refer 
 to Vie book-cases only : Dig. 1. c). 
 libration: libratio: Vitr. 
 license (»«''«■) • !• '-eavchbeHy : 
 V. LK.A V E {subs.). II. £xcess of liberty : 
 licentia : unbounded and intolerable I., 
 infiiiiui atque intoleranda 1., Cic. Agr. i, 
 5, 15 : I'er. : of Style, poeftc I., poetiuum 
 1.' Cic. de Or. j. }8, 151; 1- poetica, Lact. 
 Ill, I-eyal permission : *potestas 
 per litteras data (Kr.). 
 
 license ("■) •• *potestatem do : v. pre- 
 
 ced. art. (111.). . 
 
 licentiate: *iicentiatu3 (as «. t.). 
 
 licentious: I. rsmg freedom to 
 
 excess : lic-ns, nlis (infreq.) : Cic. de ur. 
 
 J, 48, 185: Gell. II. Indulging m 
 
 forbidden pleasures: 1. impudicus 
 
 (parum pudicus. Cat. 16, 8) : Cic. : v. 
 
 lewd. 2 p€tulans, ntis ((00 /ojiyard 
 
 and free) : Ci.-. Par. h i, 10 : somewliat 
 
 I., petulaiillora (carmina), Plln. Ep. 4, 
 
 144. 3 incestus (impure) : V. LEWD. 
 
 4 ad res Venereas intemperans, 
 
 Suet. Hor. fin : effusus in Venerem, 
 
 Liv ;9. 2?; liMdine accensus (a strong 
 
 expr.). Sail. Cat. 25. P h r. : to paint I. 
 
 picturrs. libidines pingere, Plin. }}, 
 
 pref., 6 ;. .,, ^ 
 
 licentiously: impiidlce, petaianter 
 (in this sense, mostly late), etc. : v. 
 wantonly, lewdly. 
 
 licentiousness : 1. Excessive free- 
 dom ; licentia : v. license. ||. --ensual. 
 vice 1 libido, inis. /. {sensual ap- 
 
 petite. Inst) : to give " ay lo {induU^e in) 
 I. llbitlini parere, Cic. Kin. 2, 19, in>J- 
 Sail: cf. LicENTiocs, /n. (N.B.— Ihe 
 pi. expresses habitual citaiacler: cf. 
 Ciq. Verr. 4, 52, I15, conterte hujus 
 Ubi'ines cum conlineiiiia alterins, Cf/m- 
 i:ai e the I. if the me vith the. nrtue of 
 the other : cl. 1-. G. } 59' ) „ 2. imp"- 
 dlciiia: v. lewdness. 3. meton., 
 Venus, 6ris. f.: Liv. cf. licentious. 
 tin. 4, petal iiitia(ofteiier = imper- 
 tinenre. sauciness) : Cic. -^n. 11, ?7 ("' 
 petnhxntia, ut libido magis est adole- 
 sontium quam seniim). 
 
 lichen : lichen, enis, m. : more fully, 
 lichen herba (ace. to Plin.. so called from 
 its curing a akin-disease of the same 
 name) : liin. 26, 4, 10. Perh. also fucus : 
 v Dr. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 lick • 1. lanibo. i, ? (0/ the natural 
 use of the tongue): Cic: t>v.: to I. iiito 
 shape, ligur.ire lanibendo, Plin. 8, j6, 54, 
 5 126; lanibendo in aitus fingere, Ov. 
 
 15, ?8o. 2. lingo, xl, ctum, l (to I 
 so as to taste): to give cattle talt to I 
 peconbus saleni dare hngenduni, Plin. 
 }i, 9, 45, extr. (where laiiib<j would have 
 been' uiisuiuble) : PI. (.N.B.— Also in 
 obscene sense : Mart.) Conips. elingo, to 
 I. out, Plin.; deling^, to I. up. PI. Ccls.: 
 (both rare). 3. Ugurlo or ligurrio, 4 
 (to I. up gluttonously, daintily) : Hor. S. 
 I, ?, 81. 
 
 lickerish: v. dainty. 
 
 licorice : glj^cyrrbi/ji or -on : Plin. : 
 M. L. also, pure Ijit. dulcis radix, Cels. 5, 
 li. I ; and liqiiiriMa, Vtg. Vet. 4, <),fin. 
 
 lictor : hctor, oris : Cic. . Liv. 
 
 lid : 1. OpercQluni : Cic. N. D. 2 
 54, u6. 2. Opgrimentum : Plin. 2, 
 51, 52. Of the rye U, opcrlmeniuni 
 oculorum, Id. 8, 41,64 § 156. See alsc 
 
 EYE- I.I D. 
 
 lie {subs.) : mendacium : to ti-ll a I., 
 m. dicere, .Sep. Ati. 15 a gieut and 
 shameless I., magnum et impudens m, 
 Cic. Clu. 60. 168. Dimin.. niendaciolum 
 or -unculum : id. de Or. 2, 59, 141. 'Jo 
 tell a I., mentiri : v. Ii.ll. art. 
 
 lie ("•) •■ >■ ^- ^ speak falsely : men- 
 tior, 4 : not to I. even in joke, ne joco 
 quidem m., Nrp. Ep. }: to I. over a. 
 thing, in aliqna re m., Cic. Att. 12, 21, 4 
 (but the word is less coarse than the 
 Eng., being oft. = to dLeceii-e, misrepresent, 
 speak ei-roneously). Coinp. emeutior, to 
 invent and put forth lies. Cic. 
 
 lie («•) •■ correl. to lay (q. v.) : |. 
 To be in a liorizontal position : Jaceo, ui 
 2 (usu. of inanimate things ; but also 
 of persons, to denote a temporar 'i posi- 
 tion) : the apples I. lienealh the tree, 
 J. sub arbore pi.ma, Virg E. 7, 54 '«': 
 on the ground to do anyihing, j. humi 
 ad aliquid faciendum, Cic. Cat. i, 10, 26 : 
 for sleep, Liv. 21, 4. ||. To rest in a. 
 recumbent posture : cubo, ul, Ttimi, i : 
 to I. in a litter, in lectica c, Cic. Verr. 4. 
 2j, 51 : to I. on one's face, one's back, in 
 faciein,suplnumc,Juv. }, 280: oIL with 
 ref. to illness : v. ill (to be). Comps 
 reciilK), recumbo ; accubo, accumbo (the 
 forms in cunibo denoting the act ; those 
 in cubo «/i« stote) : v. to recline. Fre- 
 quent, cubito, I (rare): PI.: Cic |||, 
 To be deposited in a grave: Phr.: 
 here lies lie, hie est ille situs, Enn. in Cic. 
 Le"- 2 22, 57; Liv.: on tombs, often 
 abbreviated thus, H.S. E. =hic situs est : 
 V 1- 01 cell. s. V. (Hie jacet appears to 
 beamodcinism.) |V. lobesUuated: 
 1 expr. by situs, pQsitus: v. Sl- 
 timti'd. 2. jiiceo, 2 (rare) : this coun- 
 try l.s liei/otid Cappadocia, quae gens j. 
 supra Cappadociam, Nep. Uat 4- Phn. 
 
 3 specto, I : V. TO LOOK towards 
 
 V Milii. t. t, to be in quarters: 
 Ph r. : ' to I. encamped anyu here, allcubi 
 stativa habere, Liv. 2, 52. "fd. ■' with 
 the notion of inaction, mililes sUlivis 
 castris habere, Sail Jug. 44. VI. "» 
 depend ujton : Phr.: as Jar as in me 
 l.s, quantum in me est, Cic. Q. ►r. 1, I, 
 U init.; quantum est siiiim in nobis, 
 id. Arch. I, i; quantum p..tero (with 
 ref. to the future), id. Fain. 5, U.fin.; 
 pro virill pane, id. Sexi. h8. init. (pro 
 vlribus = in pioportion to your pouers, 
 Cic. Sen. 9. 27) yii knoir how much 
 Is in speed, scis quantum sit in celeri- 
 tate. Id Br. I. l<i. fin. VII. '''''<»"- 
 sist- Phr. : coniineor, tentus, 2 (to be 
 involved, bounii up iv): in th-s one 
 virtue I. all the rest, hac una virtute 
 omnes virtutes continentur. Cic de Or. 
 2 55 150 (V. TO HIM. 11', II.) thepoint 
 where a cause really Is. Ciirdo causae. 
 
 Quint. 5, ". J- Vlil. T" ^ ^"-"'»"- 
 able m ?a- : corapft.. ivi, itum. j : an 
 action for theft nill I, furil actionem 
 c. Ulp. 1 lif?. 47. 1. 45 (The same sense 
 aiav be expr. by actionem h:ib.re. the 
 subject being toe P'rsnn who bn tigs the 
 action, lb. 41.) ^' I' r- '"^ « ^° '""^'O" 
 for theft can l. hiiec turtl non admittunt 
 actionem, 1 1>. 5 ?6. , /r u 
 
 — between : 1. mterjaceo, 2 (foU. 
 
 bv ilat.. Inter and ace. or less Ireq. ace. 
 aione : or absol.) : £A« pt'i" 'f^^' 
 tuten the Tiber and tlie nails of Home, 
 campus interjacens TUwri ac moenibuf
 
 LIE DOWN 
 
 LIGHT 
 
 LIGHTEN 
 
 Romae, Llv. 21, jo, extr. ; Plin. 2. 
 fxpr. by interjectus (lying between): 
 Caes. B. (i. 2, 22. 
 
 lie down : decumbo, ciibui. Hum, j 
 (of the act of lying dowti) : Gell. 18, 10 : 
 also simply to lie or recline, Cic. : Suet. 
 7'o J. doiMi again, recumbo, Cic. Div. i, 
 
 27. 57- 
 
 ill : Jaceo, ciibo ; v. ill (to be). 
 
 in: i.^'.^nth childbirth: parturio, 
 
 4: V. LABOUR (111.). 
 
 in wait : insldlor, l (with dot.) : 
 
 Cic. 
 
 — near: adjaceo, 2: v. adjacent. 
 
 — on or upon : 1. incubo, 1 
 (with dot. or prep.) : to I. {sleep) on 
 straw, strameniis i., Hor. S. 2, j, 117 : 
 with super and ace., Sen. V. B. 25, 2. 
 
 2. superinciibo, i (rare) : Liv. 22, 51. 
 
 over : •• e. to be put off : pass. of. 
 
 Jiffero : v. to postpone. 
 
 — to : naut. terra : perb. curisuru 
 (navis) inhibeo : v. to check. 
 
 — with. : i. e. sexuaUy, concubo. i : 
 Ter. : Cic. : also concunibu, 3 : Ov. : Juv. 
 
 lief: Phr. : / had as I. stay of: go, 
 •mea nil interest utrum maneam an 
 proficiscar: v. indifkerent (1., Phr.). 
 
 liege : fidelis (dependant, vassal), 
 Lib. feud. pa«s; I. lord, dominus, ib. 
 
 lien : perb. pignus or hypotheca : of. 
 Marc. Dig. 20, i, 16, fin., putest ita fieri 
 pignoyis datio hypolhecaeve, ut si intra 
 cerium tenipus non sit soluta pecunia, 
 jure emptoris possideat rem : see also 
 MORTGAGE. P h r. ; the creditor has no 
 I. on such things, minime [ea] crcdi- 
 toribus obligata esse, Dig. 1. c. J 26. fin. 
 
 lier-in-Wait : insidiaior : Cic. Also 
 part, of insidior: cl. L. (i. J 6j8. 
 
 lieu : P h r. : in I. of', loco, with gen. : 
 
 V. INSTEAD OF (i , 2). 
 
 lieutenant : legatus (the locum 
 tenens of a commander in chief) : 
 Caes. pass. (N.B. — It is impossible to 
 express accurately the status of the 
 regimental officer so called.) 
 
 life : \. Of w^" o*" animals : 
 1. vita (gen term) ■ tlie I. of ani- 
 mals, V. animantium, Cic. N. I). 2, 54, 
 1^4: man's physical I., v. quae corpore 
 et spiritu continetur, id. Marc. 9, 28: 
 to take away any one's I., v. alicui 
 eripere, Cic. Ph. 2, 24, 60 ; adimere, id. 
 PI. 42, loi ; auferre, id. Sen. 19, 71 : to 
 quit I., vita excedere ; cedere e vita, etc. 
 (v. TO DIE) : to come to I. again, revi- 
 viscere, Cic. : to sacrifice one s I. freely, 
 V. protundere, Cic. Fam. i, 4. 2. 
 anima (the vital principle, not involving 
 intelligence) : sometimes used = vita ■ 
 cf. Clc. Cat. 4, 9, 1 8, de vestra i-ita, de con- 
 jugum vestrarum ac lilierorum anima 
 (to avoid repetition): more freq. := wtfre 
 existence; cf. Sail. Jug. 14, ined., paucl 
 quibus reliota est anima : v. breath. 
 Dimin animula. a i^ark of I. (fig.), Cic. 
 Ati. 9, 1, init. 3. salus, utis, /. (of 
 one f chose life is endnngered by illness 
 or other causes) : without hupe of saving 
 /.., sine spe sulutis, Nep. Att.jfin. : not 
 to save I. but to destroy it, non ad salu- 
 tem sed ad necem, Auct. Har. Knsp. 16, 
 extr. Phr.: 'tis not a matter of I. and 
 death with him,, non capitis ejus res 
 agitur, I'er. Ph. 4, j, 26 : early I.. 
 iniens aetas, Cic. Off. i, 54, 122 ; prima 
 aetas, Suet. Caes. jO: the prime of I., 
 bona aetas, Cic Sen. 14, 48 ; constans 
 aetas, ib. 10, j ; : the decline of I., senec- 
 tus, ib. ; more precisely, deterior aetas 
 (poet.), Ov. Pont. 1, 4, I. II. Human 
 life, a^s a period of time : aetas: v. life- 
 time. III. ffumon life, as including 
 auctions and character : vita : the l.s qf 
 eminent commanders, vita excellentium 
 imperitorum, Nep. pref. extr. : I. and 
 character, \., mores, Liv. 40, 16. init.: 
 an honourable, disgraceful I., vita lio- 
 ne8ta,turpis, Cic. 7)ass. JV. Animating 
 spirit, vivacity : \, vigor (rather 
 stronger than the Eng.) ■ tlie same I. 
 (energy) in his looks, idem v. in vultu, 
 Liv. 21, 4: V. vigour. 2. siicus or 
 succus (lit. ^uice, sap) : to drain an-ay 
 ail the I. oj genius, omnem 8. ingenii 
 blbere, Quint, lib. i, prooera., } 24 (said 
 of the effect of too mm h technicality): 
 444 
 
 Cic. Or. 2}, 76. Join: sucus et san- 
 guis [civitatis], Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6. 3. 
 alacrltas: v. alacritt, cheerfulness. 
 4. viridltas (young, fresh I.) : Cic. 
 Am. i, II. Phr.: tohsel., languescere 
 (de oratore), Cic. Sen. 9, 28 : see also 
 TO FLAG. V. j'''* reality : of living 
 things : Phr. : to paint from tlie I., 
 perb. *ipsa corpora ob oculos pusita pin- 
 gendo exprimere ; ipsorum corjiorum 
 pingendo imaginem exprimere. K i g. : 
 to the I., *ad ipsam rei speciem (.'). See 
 
 also GRAPHIC, GRAPHICALLY. 
 
 life-blood : sucus et sanguis (fig.) : 
 
 V. LIFE (IV., 2). 
 
 life-boat : *navicula salutifera (.'). 
 
 life-giving : 1. almus (giving or 
 sustaining life: poet.): cf. Lucr. i, 2 
 (alma Venus), Hor. Car. Saec. 9 (alme 
 Sol). 2. vitalis, e (connected in any 
 II ay with life) : I. power (of heat), vis v., 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24. Phr.: I. power, 
 procieandi vis et causa gignendi, ib. 
 10. extr. 
 
 life-guard : stipatores coi-poris, cor- 
 poris custodes (late) : v. BOUV -GUARD. 
 
 life-insurance: v. insurance. 
 
 lifeless : |. L i t. : l. inanimus, 
 inanimatus : v. inanimate. 2. ^xa- 
 
 nimis, e ; or -us, a, um (that has been 
 deprived of life; the preced. words being 
 used of things naturally without it : 
 chiefly poet.) : the dove fell I., columba 
 decidit exaniniis, Virg. Aen. 5, jit ; but 
 exanimum corpus, ib. i, 484: Liv. 25, 
 J4, ad fin. (exanimem) : Tac. In same 
 sense, less freq., exanimatus : l>iv. 9, i : 
 Lucr. 3. expr. to be I., by vita carere, 
 vitae expertem esse : v. without (to be). 
 II. Fig.- 1. exsanguis, e : .loin: 
 aridum et exsangue ([orationis genus], 
 Auct. Her. 4, 11, 16: exs. et ailritus 
 (lifeless and weak), Tac. Dial. 18. 2. 
 
 frigidus: V. FLAT, DULL. 
 
 lifelessly: frigide: Cic. 
 
 lifetime : 1. «etas cmce in a I., 
 singulis aetatibus, Cic. Br. fin. : a I. 
 irouM hardly suffice, vix hommis aetas 
 csset siiffectura, cf. Suet. Vesp. 10. 2. 
 aevum (chiefly poet ): cf Sail.. Tug. init., 
 aevi brevis, enjoying a brief I. : Lucr.: 
 Hor. 
 
 lift ("■) ■" tollo, attollo, sublSvo, etc. : 
 
 V. TO RAISE. 
 
 lift (subs.) : expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 RAISE. 
 
 ligament : I. .Anything that binds 
 OT ties : ligamentum, ligamen ■ v. band- 
 age. II, Anatomical 1. 1. : llgiimentum : 
 needed for preciseness : Kr. gives com- 
 missura • but see joint (1). 
 
 light (sH6.<t.) : |. The medium, of 
 vision : 1. lux, lucis, _/'. (any kind of 
 light soever) : Cic: Virg. 2. lumen, 
 inis, n. (in this sense, esp. poet. ; though 
 found also in prose) : the moon is illu- 
 mined by the I. of the .^un, luna solis 
 lumine coUustratur, Cic. Div. 2, 4;, 91 : 
 to put pictures in a good I., tabulaa 
 pictas in bono I. collocare. id. Br. 75, 
 261 : Lucr. Virg. Fig: tlie I. of the 
 soul, I. animi, Cic. Sen. 12, 41. ||. 
 That vhich gives light: 1, liimen 
 (i-ither a natural luminary : or a cavdJe, 
 lamp, etc.) : to put a I. near one. 1. ap- 
 ponere, Cic. Div. i, ;6, 79: to call for a 
 book and a I., librum cum 1. poscere, 
 Hor. F^p. I, 2, j; : Liv. 2. lucerna 
 
 (usu. a lamp) : my I. fails me (goes 
 out), I. me deserit, Cic. Att. •],•], fin.: 
 before the l.s are brought in (= before 
 night), ante lucernas, Juv. 10, j;9. See 
 also n MI", CANDLE. |||. AccessHnlity 
 of light : lumen : esp. in pi., to denote 
 the extent to uhich a building admits 
 the free light: Cic. de Or. f, 59, 179: 
 to block up any one's I., luminibus ali- 
 cujus obslruere, Or. pro Dura. 44, 1 15 cf 
 supr. (I., 2). IV. An aperture for 
 
 admitting I.: liiraen : stables do not re- 
 quire l.s on the north side, stabula non 
 egent Septentrionis luminibus. Pall. 1, 
 21 : Vitr. V. I" paint.inK, as opp. to 
 shcule : Iiimen : he invented I. and shade, 
 lumen atque umbras invenit, Plin. i5, 
 ;, II: Plin. Kp. : comp. Cic. de Or. j. 
 29, 101, where umbra is opp. to quod 
 est illuminatum. VI. I''g- jmblic 
 
 view : lux : to bring secret things to I. 
 res occultas aperire atque in lucem pro- 
 ferre, Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 62. See aUo to 
 REVEAL, disclose. Phr.: to com,e to L 
 palam fieri, Cic. : Nep. : to see tlie I 
 (of a publication), manare, Cic VII. 
 Fig.: illustration, means of under- 
 standing : P h r. : to thrcnn I. upon (ob- 
 scure) things, lumen adhibere rebus, Cic. 
 de Or. J, 1 !, 50 (lucem afferre, is to 
 bring help, id. Man. 12, JJ; Att. 2, i, i) : 
 the consuls got more I. upon the matter, 
 dilucere res magis consnlibus, Liv. j 
 16, init. See also to illustrate, ex- 
 plain. VIII. Fig.: consti-ujction : 
 Phr.: to look at anything in a favour- 
 able or unfavourable I., aliquid in miti- 
 orem s. deteriorem partem interpretari: 
 
 v. CONSTRUCTION (IV.). 
 
 light (ad?.) •■ I. ^'ot dark: illus- 
 tris, e (ot rooms, places, etc.) : Cic. N. D. 
 ^' ^7- 95 (illustria domicilia) : Col. 
 Phr.: to become I., liicescit (-iscil), j : 
 as it began to groiv I. (as day dawned), 
 quum lucisceret, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, meti. : 
 Liv. Comp. dilucescit (to begit- to grow 
 1.): Cic. Cat. j, J, init.: Liv. See also 
 BRIGHT. II. Of colours, opp. to sombre, 
 dark: perh.candidus((i/o hrjpAt nhite): 
 v. FAIR (I.), white. Sometimes dilutua 
 (opp. to satur,/MM or deep in hue) may 
 serve : e. g., a I. red, dilutus rubor, Plin. 
 22, 22, 46 : Cels. : also paUidu.s, albu.s 
 albidus: v. pale, white, whiti.sh. |||. 
 Aot heavy: Iftvis, e (both lit. and fis.) : 
 Cic. : Hor. : Virg. |V, Of food, east/ 
 of digestion : levis (opp. to gravis) : 
 Cels. 2, 18, med. : Hor. (= facilis ad con- 
 coquendura). V. Of soil ; opp. (o 
 
 stiff, heavy : resSlutus, sOlutus (opp. to 
 spi.ssus. densus) : Col. 2, 2. VI. Fig.: 
 free and gay : v. trifling, frivolous. 
 See al,so foil. artt. 
 
 light (v.) : I, To set light to : ac- 
 cendo, (1i, sum, j : to I. a lamp, lucemam 
 a., Phaedr. ?, 19, 4: Cic. ||, To fur- 
 
 nish with light: illustro, I : a dungeon 
 l.'d by narrow irindtms, ergastulum an- 
 gustis illustratum leiiestris, (Dol. i, 6, 
 in it. Phr.: the hall was l.'d vith 
 lamps, *atrium lucemis accensis factum 
 est illustre; in atrio lucem praebebant 
 lucernae, lychnuchi, funalia (v. lamp) : 
 the Campus iras l.'d upnith torches, co\- 
 luiebant per Campum faces, Tac. A. 5,4. 
 
 light upon : offendo, incTdo, } : v. 
 TO fall in with. 
 
 , become : liicisco, j : v. light. 
 
 adj. (I.). 
 
 , make : illustro, collustro : V. 
 
 TO illumine. 
 
 of. make : parvl pendo : V. 
 
 LIGHTLV (V.). 
 
 : — armed (c'j^ : 1, levis ar- 
 
 maturae (gen. of description) : the I. Nu- 
 midians. 1. arroaturae Nimiidae, C^es. B. 
 (t. 2, 10 : cf. ib. 7, 80, expediti (sc. milites) 
 
 1. arni:iturae, i. e. l.-armed troops without 
 baggage </r other encumbrance. (N.B.— 
 Levis armatura freq. occurs as collect, 
 subs. = light-armed troops, as distinct 
 from the regular infantry : cf. Cic. Br. 
 J7, init., equites, pedites, 1. armatura: 
 Veg.) 2. 16vis, e (not in Caes. 01 
 Cic.) : Liv. 8, 8, med. (leves autem, qui 
 hastam tantum gaesaque gererent, vo- 
 cabantur). 3. leviter armatus : Curt. 
 4, ij, ad fin. 
 
 coloured : albldus : very I. mat- 
 ter, albidissimum pus, Cels. 5, 26, 20. 
 
 lighten: A. Trans.: |. To 
 illumine: illustro, collustro : v. to illu- 
 mine. II. To make less heavy : \, 
 levo, I (esp. fig.) : to I. a journey by 
 conversation, viara sermone I., Virg. 
 Aen. 8, J09 : to I. cares, molestias I., 
 Cic. Fam. 4, j, 2: v. to relieve. 
 2. exonero, l (to unburden) : 
 to I. a vessel by throning jxirt of 
 the cargo overboard, navcm j:ictu ex.. 
 Sen. Rbet. : for which the more usu. 
 phr. is jacturam facere, Cic. Off. j, 2J, 
 89 : in legal lang. more fully, levandae 
 navis gratia Jactmn mercium facere. 
 Lex in Dig. 14, 2, i : also Jactum latere, 
 Vulg. Acts xxvii. 18. B. Intrans. 
 of lightning: 1. fulgurat, I: Plin 
 
 2, 54, 55: Sen. Also as verb pors.,
 
 LIGHTER 
 
 LIKE 
 
 LIME 
 
 with Jupiter as subject : e. g. Jove 
 fulgurame, tonante, Augur, phr. in Cic. 
 Div. 2, i8, 42. Fig.: of an oralur : 
 to I. aiul thunder, f. ac tonare, guint. 
 2. i6, extr. 2. fulgeo. si, 2; also, 
 fulgo, } : if it I. or thunder, si fulserit, 
 3i tonuerit". Cic. Div. 2, 72. M9 : ^^■'"' 
 Jupiter as subject: e.g. Jove tulgente, 
 tonante, Augur, pbr. in Cic. N. D. 2, 
 25, lin. Fig.; of an orator : lulgere, 
 tonare, Cic. Or. 9, 29. 3. fulmino. I 
 (to strike with lightning') : -Sen. : Lact. 
 Also imperi!. = fulgurat, Viig. O. i, J'jo. 
 
 lighter: perh. Imter: V. isAiiOE. 
 
 lighterman: ratiarius: Dig. 
 
 light-fingered: tag'»: (rare): Cic. 
 Att. 6, J, I ; hisl. s. V. 
 
 light-hearted : iiiiaris, etc : v. 
 
 CHKKKFITI., Mltltuy. 
 
 light-house: pharus. 1,/. (strictly 
 the name of un island of Kgiipt ; then 
 of a light-house erected upon it ; and so 
 of any such structure) : ct. Plin. j6, 12, 
 18; Solin. 12, fin. Or e.spr. by circuml., 
 turris ex qua ignis ostenditur, ad prae- 
 nuntianda vad;^ etc., cf. Plin. 1. c. ; 
 nachina ad praelucendi niinislerium 
 aedihcala, Sulin. 1. c. 
 
 light-infantry : pedites levis arma- 
 turae: v. light-akmf.d. 
 lightly: I. "''"• '**'^ weight: 
 1. Igviter: t'l/all more l, levius 
 cadere, Gaes. B. C. j, 92 : much more 
 freq. In fig. sense : v. injr. 2. e.\pr. 
 by suspensus(/it((i up: kept from coining 
 doiim with full force) : to pound olives 
 I., olivara suspensa moia frangere, Col. 
 12. 52: she (the cat) stejyped I. forth, 
 evagata est suspense pede (lit. on tip- 
 toe), Pliaedr. 2, 4, 18: cf. Plin. Ep. 6, 12, 
 1, suspensa nianu (i. e. lighlli/ patting). 
 So, to plough I., tenui suspendere (agrum) 
 aratro, Virg. G. 1. 68. ||. Mmbhj: 
 
 perh. agiiiU'r, celeriter : v. nimbly, 
 <}niCKLV. Ill, iVot seriintslij : Igviter : 
 V. SLIGHTLY. |V. ll't<''0"< deyctUm : 
 Igviter: esp. in phr., 1. ferre, to take a 
 thing I., ca'-e little about it, Cic. Prov. 
 Cons. extr. V. ^* " '<"'' estimate- 
 P h r. : to value I., non mttgni (parvi) 
 pendere, Hor. S. 2. 4, extr. : still stronger, 
 Uucci, nihili pendere, facere : v. to cakk. 
 VI. Without thought, fm- reasons of 
 litlU weight : tenigre : / um not wont I. 
 to be angry xuith my friends, ira-sci anii- 
 cis non "t. soleo, Cic. Ph. 8, 5, 16 : vol to 
 believe anything against him I., ne quid 
 de se t. croderent. Sail. Cat. 31. VII. 
 Jn a gay, uantun manner : perh. lascive, 
 or better, la-scivius (softened compar.) : 
 
 V. ■WANTONLY. 
 
 lightness : I. Absence of weight : 
 leviuxs of feathers, Lucr. j, 387 : Caes. : 
 very oft. In lig. sense : v. lkvity. ||. 
 Wantonness : lascivia, etc. : v. wan- 
 ton nkss. 
 
 lightning (subs.) .- 1. fulmen, 
 
 inis, n. (with ref. to its destructive ej- 
 fecls): Kiimulus vas .''truck by I., R. 
 fulmine ictus est, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 47: 
 (Fhaetlum) was burnt up by a flash of 
 I., ictu fulininis deflagravit, id. Off. i, 
 2;, 94: Virg.: Ov. 2. fulgur, iiris, 
 71. (strictly, the bright flash : in poets 
 and later authors = prrced.) : cf. Cic. 
 Div. 2, 19, 44, where fulgur is expressly 
 <listinguishcd fnmi fulmen: Virg.: Hor. 
 
 3. fulgiiraiio (= fulgur: the play 
 of electric flame) : Sen. Q. .N. 2, il, init. 
 
 4. fulgcr, oris (am/ flashing light) : 
 poet, for fulgur, Liur. 6, 170. 5. f'll- 
 getruni, or pi. -a (a rare and antiquated 
 word, used of continued flaslies) : Sen. 
 <j. N. 2, 56. Phr. : relating to h, ful- 
 giiialis ; (.g . f. libri, books on the import 
 ^ I., Cic. Div. I, J J, 72: one who inter- 
 prets L. tulgurator, ib. 2, 5?. 109: to 
 :<trike ivitk I., fulminare (trans.). Sen. 
 g. N. 2, 2! : I. act. 
 
 lightning (odj ) .- fulmtneus : I. 
 tunics, f. dfiites (apri), Phaedr. i, 21, 5. 
 Phr.: with I. speed, •incredibili celcri- 
 tate, celerius quam culquam ciedibile 
 est. 
 
 conductor: *niachina fulmi- 
 
 nibus derivandis; fulminum derivator, 
 qui dlcitur. 
 
 lights : V. LUNGS. 
 
 lightBome: v. chfkrfi:i., cav. 
 like {oilj-) •• 1. simili.s, e (foU. by 
 dat. or ^e«. or absol.) : I'er. : Cic: Liv. 
 Prov.: as I. as tno peas, non ovum 
 Uim s. ovo. Quint. 5, 11, }o : in sim. 
 sense, lac lacti [non] niagis e.st simile 
 quam ille s. est niilii, I'L Am. 2, I, 57- 
 Join: par similisque, .Sail. Cat. 14. 
 Conips. (I), assimilis (rare) Cic. N. D. 
 2, 55, <rnt. : Ov. (2). conslnillis (..-tronger 
 than similis: every way 1.) : usu. with 
 dat., PI Poen. 4, 2, 2 : Cic. : also with 
 gen., Cic. de Or. i, ii, init. (causa cons. 
 
 causarum earum ). (3). persiniilis 
 
 (very like): Cic 2. gCniinus (lit. 
 twin brother : hence, closely resembling, 
 like tu-ins) : foil, by dot., Cic. in Pis. 7, 
 i6(geminum consiliisCatilinae). Join: 
 geminus et similltinus, Cic. Verr. 5, 66, 
 extr. 3. piif. piiris (matching) : v. 
 KQUAL (I., :s). I' b f- : t" return I. for I., 
 par (p'o) pari referre, Ter. Eun. ), i, 
 55 ; paria paribus respondcre, Cic. Att. 
 6, I, ig. 4. i" comp. and superl. : 
 p'rSpior, proxiuuis : with dat. : more I. 
 wickedness than religion, sceleri propius 
 quam religion!, Cic Verr. 4, ;o. 112: 
 with ace, Siill. Cat. ti, ind. (viiium 
 propius virttitem, a fault that " leaned 
 to virtue's side"): esp. in superl.; fic- 
 tions as mitch I. reality as possible, ficta 
 veris proxiraa, cf. Hor. A. P. jiS: Cic. 
 5. itistar. ivdecl. neut. subs (esp., 
 but not always of comparison with some 
 great object): a horse I. (huge as) a 
 ■nutuntain, i. monlis equus, Virg : as it 
 were I. the soul in the body, tanquam 
 animi i. in corpore, Cic. Or. 14, 44 : 
 so, to show almost I. a point, quasi 
 puncti i. obtinere, id. 'lusc. i, 17. 40. 
 Phr.: to be I., *ad alicujus rei simiii- 
 tudinem accedere; sometimes, referre 
 (v. TO RKSEMBLK) : to make a thing I. 
 siiniething else, aliquid ad alicujus rei 
 similitndinem efficere, Caes. B. C. ;, 48 : 
 in I. manner, similiter, Cic: v. foil. art. 
 like (culv.) : 1. similiter (in Ulce 
 manner: to be used with care): rarely 
 foil, by dat. : they breed I. them and die 
 I. than. s. his pariunt s.que pereunt, 
 Plin. II, 25, jo: oftener foil, by ut, 
 atque (ac): cf. Cic. Off. i, 25. 87, simi- 
 liter facere eos ut si nautae cer- 
 
 tarent they acted I. sailors, who 
 
 should quairel : comp. id. N. D. J, 
 
 i,fin.. similiter facis ac si me roges 
 
 2. ritu (abl. of ritus = according to 
 the ukial manner of: with i/ev.) : I. 
 brutes they refer everything to enfiiy- 
 ment, pecudum r. omnia ad voluptitim 
 referunt, Cic. Am. 9, 52 : to sweep along 
 I. a stream, fluminis r. ferri, Hor. Od. j, 
 29, J4 : Petr. So m5do : I. slaves, ser- 
 voium modo. Liv. jg, 26, med. : I. a 
 human being, humann m., Cic Verr. 2, 
 2,5.9. Join: more modoque, Hor. Od. 
 4! 2, 27. 3. inst.:ir (esp. when com- 
 
 parison is made with any large objert) : 
 the fences a forded shelter I. a wall, i. 
 muri sepes munimcnti praebebant, Caes. 
 15. G. 2, 17: also ad insUir, Just. j6, J: 
 Flor. 4. vicem, ad vicem, vice (= as 
 if taking the place of: with gen.) : to 
 die in one's bed I. a Sardana}>alus, Sar- 
 danapali vicem in lectulo mori, Cic. Att. 
 10, 8: Sail. tr. : to be tossed abmit I. sea- 
 veed, alsrae vice jactari, I'lin. 9, 45, 
 68: ad vicem. Cell. 5. ceu (esp. in 
 
 similes) : /. fii-e through pine-uood, ceu 
 flamma per taedas (sc. equitat), Hor. 
 Od. 4, 4. 4!: Virg.: I. a criminal, ceu 
 noxii solent. Suet. Vitell. 17- So are 
 used sicut, veluti : v. as. Phr.: you 
 act I. i/ourself, facis ut te decet, Ter. 
 Andr. 2, i;, 10; facis nunc ut te facere 
 aequum, PI. Mil. 4, 2, 79- 
 
 like ('••)•• I. To lie f mid of : \. 
 expr. by jiivo, i, lum, l (in give pleasure 
 to: with ace of Kng. subject): if you 
 don't I. fables, si tabulae te [non] Juvant, 
 Phaedr.' 4, 7. 22 : cf. Hor. Od. 1, i, init. 
 2 studiosus sum (with (/<«.): v. 
 FOND. ' IMi r. : / don't I., nihil (nil) 
 moror: foil, by ace. of object, Hor.: v. 
 FOND (I., extr.). See also to lovf, ||. 
 To !«' di!!p<ised for anything : if you I., 
 si placet, ni)ei"(with dot. of Eng. sub- 
 ject): to do what one U. id quod libet 
 
 (alicui) facere, Cic yuint jo. 94; \..to 
 
 plkask. 
 likelihood : '■ i'Rop.a bility 
 likely : '■'• ihobahlf., trobably. 
 like - minded : concors, rdiu • » 
 
 AGBKKINO. 
 
 liken : assimvilo, comparo . v. to 
 
 COMPAItK. 
 
 likeness: I, The being like: slml- 
 lltudo: V. HiiiiMBLANCK. ||. Image: 
 1, effigies, ei : an image tn Ute I. oj 
 a human being, simulacrum ef. huinimfi, 
 Tac H. 2, J, exlr. : Cic. 2. iuiiigo, 
 inis, /. ; to reprtse^il the I. of a man, 
 huminig i. exprimere, Plin. j;, 12, 44: 
 in the I. of God, ad i. Dei, Vulg. Gen. 
 i. 27. 3. perh. iiislar, neut^ indecL: 
 in the I. of a camp, ml i. castrorum. Just. 
 }6, J : v.LiKi:, adj. (5). See alsj) image, 
 roRTRAlT. I' h r. . goils arrayed in the 
 I. of men, dii induli specie huuiana, Cic 
 N."l». 2, 24,6?. 
 
 likewise : 1. 'tfm (...so too): 
 
 Romulus vas an augur, with a brother 
 an augur I., Homulus augur, cum fratre 
 i. augure. Cic. Div. i, 48, 107 : !-iv. 2. 
 ilidem (more precise and emphatic than 
 Item): Cic. Part. 22, 77: Caes. 3. 
 expr. by idem (when a second predicate,- 
 is to be attached to a subject : cf. L. G. 
 J75).' ('animus your friend and I, 
 mine, C. tuus [idem] et idem nuster, 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 2, init. : an Academic and 
 I. a rhetorician, Acadimicus et idem 
 rhetor, id. N. D. 2, init. 4. similiter 
 (in the like nai/): usu. foil, by ut, ac 
 V. LiKK, adv. (N'.B.— I'ac similiter, Vulg. 
 Luc. x. ;7, isiUiubtful Latin.) 
 
 liking (."<''•'•) ■" libido, inis, (mere 
 irrational propensity) : according to each 
 one's I., prout cuique 1. est, Hor. S. 2, 6, 
 67: a I. far the lute or for singing. 
 cltharae, cantus 1., I'lin. Jo, 2, ; (but the 
 Lat. is stronger than the Eng.^ : esp. in 
 phr. ex I., according to one's L, Tac A. 
 4, 46; ad 1. (in slightly diff. sense), Cic. 
 Fin. I, 6. 19: V. CAI'BICE. Phr.: the 
 wines of that coast are not to my I.. 
 Vina nilill moror iUius orae, Hor. Ep. 1, 
 15, 16: every one to his I., quot capiium 
 vivunt, totiiiem sludiorum millla, id. Sat, 
 2, 1, 27 ; simili m habent labra lai tu- 
 cam,M.Cra.ss. in Hier. (prov.) ; in some- 
 what diff. sense, trahil sua quemque 
 voluptas. Virg. E. 2, 65 
 lilac: *\vringa vulgaris (Linn.). 
 liliputian: tip. = petty: pusiiius: 
 
 Cic. : JUV. : v. LITTLE. 
 
 lily: lilium: Virg.: Plin. '/ /.*, 
 liliacous, e. g. oleum I., oil of l.s, I'all. 
 .-1 bed of l.s, lilielum. Pall. 
 
 ■ of the valley : *convallarta 
 
 majali!". 
 
 white : nearest words Candidas, 
 
 niveus: v. w hitk. 
 
 limb : i of the body .- 1. mem- 
 
 brum: in this sense usu. pi.: to hair 
 comjiaci, firmly set Is. esse compactis 
 firmisque" m.. Suet. Vesp. 20 to am.Hgn 
 ones U to repose, m. sojwri dare, Hor. 
 Sat 2, 2, 81 : Viig. (N.B.-Esp. freq. 
 in poets.) 2. artus, uum (otten with 
 special ref. to 'the joints : only of the 
 body, whereas nuinbrum Is u-ed of other 
 structures: v. mkmukr) ■ / trevible m 
 even/ I., omnibus a. contremisco, Cic. 
 de Or. I. 26. 121; Virg. Aen. 2, 215. 
 Join: membra et arlns .t viscera. Siiet. 
 Calig. 29. (X.B.— Anus inclnili.s only 
 the bemy membeis.) ||. './ W'f *"« or 
 moon : *pars (?). 
 
 limbed: used only as suflix expr. 
 by membra : ivell-L, leretibus inembri^ 
 Siiet. Caes. 4;. 
 
 limber: Imtus: v. n.i vnt. 
 
 limbo: limbus: v. Du C. s. v. 
 
 lime (subs.): I. .* mineral tub- 
 staiwe : calx, cis /■ : 9""^' '- *■- ^''^^ 
 Vilr. 8, 6 (7). 8 : to roast, slake I., c. 
 coquere, exslinguere, id. 2, ;. i : slaked 
 I., c maceraia. Plin. ?6. 2J, 55: c re- 
 stincta, Iiiscr. in Forcell. ||. .1 clammy 
 substance: viscus, visciim : v. niBDLi>i& 
 III. -t ''■''*' •" iilia;Virg. : Col. .l/a<i« 
 ofl.-iixKKi. tiliaglneus. Col. 
 
 lime (.'' ' ■ I. '^ -'"'«"■ •'■'"' bird- 
 lime : visco illino : v. to kf.smf.ak. || 
 To ensnare ■ lllaqueo. etc. : v. TO EN 
 445
 
 1.IME-BURNER 
 
 LINEAL 
 
 LINT 
 
 SSAKE. (Virg. has fallere visco, G. i, 
 
 139) 
 lime-burner : calcarius : Cato R. R. 
 
 limed {part, adj.) : viscatus : a I. 
 tuig, virga v., Varr. R. R. }, "j. med. 
 
 lime-kiln : calcaria foraax Cato 
 R. R. j8 . or simply, calcaria, Ulp. L)ig. 
 48, 19, 8 } 10. 
 
 lime-stone : calx (Jime before or 
 ofur firing) : Caio R. R. 16: more 
 precisely *lapis calcarius, saxum tal- 
 oarium. 
 
 limit (sub$.) : 1. finis, mSdus, 
 terminus: v bound (sabs.) boundary. 
 Join: tints et modus, Cic. 2. cir- 
 cumscripi io : Cic. To set l.s to (] ). f iiiio, 
 4 : to set l.s to the exei cise of the jiaisioiis, 
 c''pldtale< f., Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 64: also, 
 finire nioduni alicui rei. id. Leg 2. 26,66. 
 (2). teriiiinu, i (less ireq.): v. to limit. 
 
 limit {''■) •■ 1. finio, 4 : Cic. : v. 
 preced. ari. ; and to bound. 2. cir- 
 cuinscribo, psi, ptum, j (usu. within 
 narroiK bounds) : to I. or define one's 
 prerogative by boundaries, leiminis qui- 
 busdam c. ac definire jus suum, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 16, 70: Plin. 3. termino, 
 I ■ to I. gloni by (certain) boundaries, 
 finibus gloriam t., Cic. Snn. 2?, 82. Ph r. : 
 to I. (tlie orator) to a narroiv range, in 
 angustum gyrum compellere, Cic. de Or. 
 i, 19, ■JO : to I. oneself in anything, 
 certos sibi fines termmosque constiluere, 
 ^extra quos egredi non possit], Cic. 
 Quint. 10, ?;• 
 
 limitation : 1. circumscriptio : 
 
 Cic. N. D. I, 9, 21. Or expr. by verb: 
 V. LIMIT. 2. exceptio (a special ex- 
 ception with respect to anything) : to be 
 praised with a l„ cum ex. laudari, Cic. 
 Q. Fr. I, I, ij: irithout any I., nullis 
 exceptionibus, I'ac. G. 44. 
 
 limited (mIj.) -. 1. expr. hy vei b : 
 a I. monarchy, *reipublicae (civitatis) 
 genus in quo regis (summi magistratus) 
 potestus certis leglbus flnitur. (From 
 the use of the adv. finite, it would seem 
 that finitus must have been used as 
 *<'j-) 2. circumcisus (by narroiv 
 
 bounds: rare): nhat is so Las human 
 life, quid tarn c, tim breve quam bomi- 
 nis vita? PUn. j, 7, ii. 3. expr. by 
 brgvls, parvus, infirmus, etc., ace. to the 
 nature of the subs, to be qualified : e. g. 
 /. time, breve empus ; I. resources, par- 
 vae (exiguae) opes ; I. strength, infirmae 
 Vires [cf. naturae infirmitas, our I. na- 
 tural powers. Sail. Jug. i, med.]: v. 
 
 SMALL, INSIGNIFICANT, etC. P ll r. : mi/ 
 
 I. abilities, mediucriias nostra. Veil. 2, 
 III. 
 
 limitedlr : finite ■ Cic Fin. 2, 9, 27. 
 
 limitless : immensus, infinitus : v. 
 
 TOiBOUNDED, etc. 
 
 limn : imaginem alioujus rei ex- 
 priiud, pingo: v. to paint, kepbksent. 
 
 limner: pictor: v. painter. 
 
 limp («•)•■ claudico, i; claudeo, 2: 
 V. 10 halt. 
 
 limp (subs.): expr. by verb: v. pre- 
 oed. art. See also lam en kss. 
 
 limpet : Ifipas, adis, /. ; PI. Rud. 2, 
 1,8. 
 
 limpid : 1. limpldus (rare) : a I. 
 lake, I. lacus. Cat 4, 24. 2. Uquidus : 
 
 V. LIQi;lD, CLEAK. 
 
 limoing (odj.) : clandus: v. lame. 
 limpidness. limpidity; expr. by 
 
 adjj. Iiqiiidu>. pellucMus, etc. : v. clear, 
 LIQUID. (Liinpiiudo, Plin., a word 
 formed inaccurately.) 
 
 limr : I. Covered u-ith bird-lime : 
 viscatus- v. LIMED. Ij, Impiegnated 
 with limj-. : *calcis plenus, calcis non- 
 nihil iriimixtam habens, 
 
 linch-pin: *axis clavis<Kr.); axis 
 fibula (R. and A.). 
 
 linden-tree: tiiia: v. lime (111.). 
 
 liMe(««''S)- I 'Geometrical : Unt'd,: 
 a I. is Inyth without trreadth. 1. est lon- 
 gitudo sine latitudine, Front. Goe->. p. ji : 
 a right or curved I., 1. recta, flexuosa, ib. 
 p. i2 : to be carried downwards in a 
 Straight I., ferri deorsum ad 1., Cic. Fin. 
 1,6, 18: Vitr.: to dram a I., 1. ducere. 
 Quint. 2.6, 2; 1. scribere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
 }•), iij (bat the former expr. is more 
 440 
 
 usual); '. deducere, Plin. ||. Uni- 
 
 form directvn : rggio, onis, ^. : to tarn 
 aside from the straight I. (tig.), de recia 
 regione deflectere, Cic. Verr. 5, 68, 176: 
 to get beyond the I. if the camp, r. cas- 
 trorum supnrare, Caes. B. C. 1, 69. (N.B. 
 — Cic. h:i» e regione, ahsol.=::m a straight 
 L, Fat. g, 18 : but e regione toll, by gen. 
 =.right 01 er against.) Phr. : in a I. 
 (with), in ver.-um, Virg. G. 4, 144; *recto 
 ordine, recta lineS, ad lineam (Kr.) : cf. 
 supr. (1.). Ill, A limit: modus, 
 
 j finis: V. bound. |V. a cord: liiiea 
 
 (primary sense of the word) : a long I , 
 
 I. longa. Col ; I. longinqua, Plin. V. 
 Of a poem or otiiei' booh- : versus, us : 
 Cic. Att. 2, 16, J : to count l.s and si/l- 
 lables (of a letter), v syllibasque nu- 
 merare, Plin. Kp. 4, 11. extr. VI. 
 Melon. = uords : esp. in |ihr., a few l.s, 
 to drop al.: Phr.:/" ill write a few 
 l.s in reply to your letter, pauca ad tuas 
 litteras rescribam, cf. Cic. Alt. i, 10, i : 
 / have not had a single I. from you, 
 nuUas a vobis aaeperam (litteras), ib. 
 J, ?i : Ihavesiarcely time for so hasty 
 a I. as this, vix huii' taniulae epistolae 
 tenipus habebam, ib i, 14, i : drop me 
 a I. about it, fac ui sciam, ib. 2, 6, extr. : 
 I dropped him, a I. to say .. ., cui ego 
 scrip>i (with ace. and inf.). ib. 7, j, extr. 
 (N.B.— Versus, pl. may be used with 
 ref. to certain lines or paiis of a litter : 
 e. g. primis versibus, in the first few l.s 
 of a letter, Cic Att. 2, 16, j : but never 
 to deu'.te a letter as a whole.) VII. 
 In militaiy sense : (i). of an armi/ 
 drairn up: (I), acies, ei: the hastati 
 formed the front I., prima a. bastiiti 
 erant, Liv. 8, 8 : to draw up an army 
 in three l.s, triplicem a. instrwere, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 51: the rear I., a. novissima, 
 extrema, Liv. 8, 10. (2). the front I., 
 prim ipia, orum : Liv. L c. : immediately 
 in the rear of the front I., post p., &iU. 
 Jug. 50 : T.ac. (3). frons, ntis, /. (the 
 entire front as a military disposition : 
 principia denotes the fighting men in the 
 front) : to advance in eren I., aequa f. 
 procedere, Liv. j6, 44. Phr.: to form 
 in I. of battle (of troops), ordinatos con- 
 sistere, Nep. Iph. 2; explicare ordinem 
 (of ships), Liv. 57, 29 (v. to deploy) : 
 to form ships in I., naves suo quanique 
 ordine in frontem instrutre, Liv. I. c. 
 (v. to draw up. 111.; order), (ii). 
 usu. pl., military works, entre)ichments : 
 munitiones, Caes. B. C. j, 62, sqq. : also 
 munimenta, orum : v. intrenchment. 
 Phr.: to be within the l.s, i.e. be vith 
 the armi/, in praesidiis esse, Cic. Lig. 
 
 9, 28; also intra praesidia esse, Liv. j8. 
 
 II. (iii). of march: agmen, Inis, n. : 
 they closed the I. of march, i. e. brought 
 up the rear, agmen claudebant, Caes. 
 B. 6. I, 2j. So of ships : the king's 
 
 fleet advancing in a long I., regia classis 
 longo a. venit-ns, Liv. J7, 29. VIII. 
 lienealogical : linea: cf. Paul. Dig. J8, 
 
 10, 9, arefj-fiaTa cognationuni directo 
 limiie in duas lineas separantur : the 
 ascendini), descending I., 1. superior, in- 
 ferior, ib. : indirect or collateral I. of 
 descent, transversa I., ib. : direct I., 
 ascending or descending, recta 1 sur- 
 simi versum vel deorsum lendentium, 
 ib. j8 10, 10 ^ 9. See also side. |X. 
 of a ship: only pl.: Phr.: to lay 
 down the l.s of a ship well, bene line- 
 atam carinam coUocare, PI. Mil. j, j, 42 
 (see tlie place). 
 
 line ("•)•• Phr.: to I. a garment 
 ni'h uool, *vestem introrsus lana ob- 
 ducere : he had the entire streets l.d with 
 troops, omne iter militaribus praesidiis 
 sepsit, lac. A. 14, 45. (N.B. Subsuere 
 vesiem is to seui a border to a gar- 
 ment.) 
 
 lineage : 1. stirps, pis, /. (lit. 
 
 trunk ; hence origin) : igmrrance of 
 one's I., stirpis generisque ignoralio, Cic. 
 Am. 19, 70 : of divine I., divinae s., 
 ^'■"K- 2. gfinus: V. DESCENT (2). 3. 
 progenies, ei : to trace one's I. to any 
 one, p. ab aliquo proferre, Ter. Ph. 2, J, 
 48. Jo 1 n : ortus et progeides, Cic. Tusc. 
 I, 12, 26. 
 lineal : Vhr.-. to he a l. descendant 
 
 of any one, i-ecta linea ab aliquo genus 
 ducere: tf line (Vlll,). 
 
 lineament : lineamentum : v. fea- 
 ture (1.). 
 
 linear : linearis, e (consisting of 
 lines): I. drawing, pictura I., I'lin. ^5, 
 J, 5. Plir. : I. perspective, froniis et 
 latnrum absctdentimn adunibratio, ad 
 circimque ceinrum omnium linearum 
 responsus, Kr. e Vitr. lib. 7, pref. } 11: 
 
 V. PEKSPKCTIVE. 
 
 linen (sabs.): l. llnteum textum: 
 I. is the purest attire for leliyious pur- 
 poses, L texrum purissimum est rebus 
 divinis velamentuin, Apul. Apol. : also 
 simply linteuin, Pbn. ly, i, 4: but Im- 
 teum usu. denotes a piece of I., a 
 linen chith. to bruise through coaise I. 
 (a coarse cloth), terere per crassuni I., 
 ib. 21, 18, 7J : wares concealed under 
 paper and I. (wrappings), merces chartis 
 et huteis celatae, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 40. 
 2. linta vesiis (drapery consist- 
 ing of linen) : (they brought forwai d) 
 frankincense, pel fumes, and I., tus atque 
 odores vestesque I., Cic. Verr. 5, 56, 146. 
 (N.B. — In lik' manner, linea vestis, Plin. 
 1 2, 6, 1 ? ; linens amictus, the latter only of 
 external clothing, I'ac.G. 17.) 3. linum 
 (fl<ix . hence poet, cloth made of it) : a 
 bag made of very fine I., reticulum tenu- 
 issimo 1., Cic. Verr 5, 11, init. : robed in 
 I., lino velatus, Virg. Aen. 12, 120. 4. 
 in like manner are used, byssus, i, f. 
 (denoiing a very fine kind of flas; or 
 linen), carbasus, i,f. (also a fine kind); 
 with adjj. byssinus, carbaseus or carba- 
 sinus : fine I., vesiis byssina, tenui 
 bysso texta, Apul.: they tt ear l, reach- 
 ing to the feet, corpora usque pedes car- 
 baso velant. Curt. 8, g,post med. 
 
 linen (a4;) ■• linteu^, hneus: r. pre- 
 ced. an. A l.-cloth, linieum; dimin. 
 Unteolum : Plin. 
 
 linendraper: Untearius: uip. Dig. 
 
 14, J, 5 $ 4 (where the lintearii nrc men- 
 tioned along with the vesiiarii) ; also 
 lintoo, Pl. Aul. }, 5, {8 : Inscr. The 
 trade of a I., liniearia: Ulp Dig. 
 
 linen "^ rap ery ; lintea,orum; lintea 
 vestis : v. linen (subs.). 
 
 linger : moror, i : why I. I behind, 
 quid moror ? Hor. Od. 2, 17, 6 : v. to 
 delay. 
 
 lingerer: cunctator: Cic: Liv. Or 
 expr. by imperf. paH. of cesso, cunctor, 
 etc. : V. to delay. 
 
 lingering (adj.) .- l. cunctabundus 
 (only of persons) : Liv. 6, 7, med. 2. 
 tardus : the I. nights (of winter), t. 
 noctes, Virg. Aen. 2, 482 : v. slow. 
 Phr.: a I. disease, diuturnus morbus, 
 Cic. N. D. J, J5, init. ; longa valetudo, 
 Plin. Ep. 1,12,4: I entertained a I. hope, 
 adhuc specula quadam sustentabar, cf. 
 Cic. Kam. 2, 16 (bac tamen oblectabar 
 specula). 
 
 lingering (subs.) .- cunctatio, morae : 
 V. dela^ . 
 
 lingeringl?: cunctanter: Liv. : or 
 espr. by tuiictabundus (cf. L. G. ^ J4J). 
 
 linguist : *multarum linguarum per- 
 itus (homo). 
 
 linguistic : Phr: l. science, *ser- 
 iribnis normae rationisque scientia; lin- 
 guistica, quae apud nosfaies appellatur. 
 
 liniment: linltus, us: only found 
 in alil. : it is a remedy against (the bite 
 of) serpents, whether taken, or tised as a 
 I., praevalere contra serpeiues, potu et 
 1., Plin. 20, I !, 47. Or expr. by illino ; 
 thus Cels. renders Gr. iyxpia-ra, by 
 liquida quae Ulinuntur, 5, 24, ? (M. ll 
 linimenta, id. ed. Milligan, p. 226). 
 
 lining (subs.) .- v. to line. 
 
 link (subs.) : I, (// a chain 
 
 annfilus: Mart. }, 29. ||. A bond 
 
 viuciilum : l.s of harmony, concordiae 
 vincula, Cic. Fin. 2, J5, 117. |||. A 
 torch : fiinale, is, n. : v. torch. • 
 
 link ("•)•■ L connecto: } : v. to 
 CONNECT. 2. jugo, I : all the iHrtues 
 are l.d togeVier, omnes virtutes inter 
 se nexae et jugatae sunt, Cic I'usc. i, 
 8, 17. 
 
 linnet : *fringilla cannablna (Linn.) 
 
 linseed: lini semen: v. flax. 
 
 lint: linanieiituiii : Celsi
 
 LINTEL 
 
 LITERALLY 
 
 LITTLE 
 
 lintel : Umen saperum (or superius, 
 Korceli.) : PI. Merc. 5, I, i : or simiily 
 linifn: Vitr. 6, 6(9), f. -luv. (Super- 
 linien is the space above the lintel.) 
 
 lion : 1^0. "lis, m. : Virc : Hor. : 
 riiii. '/ a I., lions, leoniiius: e. g. 
 a l.'s sJcin, pellis I, I'lin. 
 
 lioness: lea.na: Virg.: Plin. (Port, 
 lea, Lucr. 5, l m : Ov ) 
 
 lion-hearted: nearest word perh. 
 maKiiiinimus {hiijh-soukd) : Virg. 
 
 lionlike: leOinnus: 0/1 .appearance, 
 specie leonina : of. Varr. R. H. 2, 9, 
 
 lisp, lisping isxtbs.): os blaesum. 
 
 Mart, 10, 6;, 10. 
 
 lisping (O'lj.) ■■ blaesus : V. preced. 
 ant. Also balbus is u.sed of an<i defect 
 of ypeech 1 hiih pierenls articulation : 
 cf. Cic. de Or. i, 61, 260, wbcre it is ap- 
 plied to Demosthenes, who was unable 
 to articulate the letter R. 
 
 list {subs.) : I. /loll, catalogue : 
 
 1. index, icis, m. : cf. I'lin. Kp. >, 5, 
 
 2, where it is \i>ed of a I. of buoLs : 
 
 guint. 2. tibula (gen. term : any 
 
 paper or document) : if. I'l. Uud. prol 
 
 med. (where the ref. however is merely I 21, bonos in aliis tabulis e.\script<.s : 
 
 to colour). 
 
 lip: I. Of ahumanMvg : 1. 
 labrum : the upper, Inner l, 1. superius, 
 inferius, cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 14: to viove 
 the l.s (fpeak inaudill'j), laljra movere, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 16, 60 : to keep the l.s dosnd, 
 \. comprimere, iil. .S. i, 4. I}8. Dimin. 
 labcllum, a little I., as of an infant, Cic. 
 Div. 1, }6, init. (\>Tob. only pi. In prose): 
 and esp. as an endearing ixpr., Ov. ^V. A. 
 I, 575: PI. 2. labium (a rare word, 
 esp. in prose) : drooping I s, di-missa 1., 
 Ter. Eun. 2, J, 44 to cure chapped l.s, 
 labiorum fissuris mederi, Plin. 29, ?, 
 II 6 46. (N.B. — Labium seems chiefly 
 to be used of lips in some way u)i- 
 sightly: hence, labiosus, Ihick-lipped, 
 l.ucr. 4, 1165.) 3. labiae, arum {the 
 lips : rare and nearly obsol ) : the tips 
 of the lips, primores 1., Nigid. in Gell. 
 io, 4: PI. St. 5, 4, 41 (al. labia pro 
 labias) Phr. : the thing is on every- 
 body's Is. in ore est omni populo, Ter. 
 Ad. I, 2, U : so whenever the word lips 
 is used wiih ref. to speech, os must be 
 employed to represent it (Tiever labra) : 
 nothvig ill-advised fell from his l.s, 
 nihil lion consideratiim exibat ex ore, 
 Cic. Br. 76, 265 : also, ex ore excidere (to 
 do so hastily, thoughtlessly). Id. SuU. 26, 
 J2 : 'tivixt cup and I., inter os et o£fam 
 (multa intervenire po.sse), Cato in Gell. 
 ij, 17, init. II. Of a vessel: 1, 
 labrum: e.g. of a jar (d^lii), Cato R. R. 
 lo-j: Plin. 2. ora (rim); Lucr. 4, 12. 
 lipped : iisu. as suffix : thick-l., labi- 
 osus, Lucr. 4, 1 165 (labrosus In quite 
 diff. sense ^furnished with a lip, Cels. 
 7, 26, l,fin.); turgidis labris, Mart. 6, 
 »9, 8 : also, labeo, onis, cf. Charis. i, 
 ■J9 : honey-l. (fig), perh. mellitus : v. 
 
 HONEYED. 
 
 lip -salve: *unguentum labrorum 
 fissuris uiile. 
 
 lip -service: nearest word, obse- 
 quium: v. ob.shjuioUS.shss. 
 
 liquefy: liquefacio, J : v. tomf.lt. 
 
 liquid (.adj.) : \. Flowing : liquidiis 
 
 Liv.: V. infr. See also inventorv. 
 Phr.: to stiike anyone's name out of 
 the I. of senators, aliquem de senatu 
 movere, Cic. CI. 4;, 122; so, tribii mo- 
 vere, to remove a name J rout the I. of a 
 tribe. Liv. 24, 18 ; also more lit., nomen 
 alicujus ex lal>ulis excerpere, Liv. 1. c. 
 II. ifexp-nses: Phr.: the civil I., 
 perh. reipublicae domestic! siimptus : 
 V. EXPENSE. III. An enclos- d field : 
 
 curriciilum, spitium : terms used of the 
 race-courses of antiquity. I' h r. : to 
 enter the l.s. *in commisslorie prodire, 
 cf Plin. Ep. 7. 24, 6; with Gierig's 
 note. 
 
 list (y-) ■ in)e*> ^' impers. : v. to 
 PLEASE, LIKE (II.). See also to listen. 
 
 listen : I. I'o attend in order to 
 hear : 1, ausculto, i : to I. at the door, 
 ad fores a., PI. True. 1, z,i: I. to me, 
 mihi ausculta ! Cic. R. Am. )6, 104. 
 Also subausculto, to I. serrttl'i, unob- 
 served, id de Or. 2, }6, fn. .- PI. 2. 
 audio, 4: V. TO hear. 3. aucQpo, i 
 (slily) : PL Most. 2, 2, 42 (sermonem a.). 
 Phr. I. to the plot, accipe rattonem 
 doli fquam institui]! PL: I. kindly (to 
 the play), adeste aequo aninio, Per. Andr. 
 prol. 20 : to I. most eagerly to any one's 
 praises, avidi.ssimis auribus laudes ali- 
 cujus excipere, I'lin. Ep. 4, 19, ?. ||, 
 To yield to : 1. ausculto, I (with dat. : 
 coUoq.): Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12: PL 2. 
 
 audio, 4 : nor do I I. to Homer, u-hen he 
 says. . .,nec Homerum audio, qui ait. . ., 
 Cic. Tusc. (, 26, 6? : / wish J had I'd to 
 your most friendly advice, vellem te 
 audisse aniicissime monentem, Cic. Att. 
 7, 1, 2. See also to hear (1 II.). 
 
 listener : i. c^« " 'lo i^.v« atten- 
 
 lion to : expr. by verb : v. to listen ( I.). 
 II. One who watches to cat'h vhat 
 is said : auccps sermonis, cf. PL Mil. 4, 
 1,9. Phr.: look round and see if there 
 are any l.s, circumspice, numquis est, 
 sermonem nostrum qui aucupet, PI. Most. 
 2, 2. 42. 
 
 listless : 1. languldus (lacktno 
 
 less freq. liq-): cf. Lucr. l, 4$7, Jiuuio life and energy): to be somen hat I 
 
 quae corpore liquida constant, i. e. tliey 
 are liquid, because consisting of par- 
 tides that »n«ii€ freily about : I. per- 
 fumes, L odores, Hor. See also flcid. 
 II, Clear, transparent: 1. liquidus 
 (both of Jiuid bodies and sounds) : I. 
 honey, 1. meL Virg. G. 4, loi : the I. 
 aether, 1. aether, Virg. Of sounds, 1. 
 ■vox, Virg. G. I, 410 : Hor. : v. clear. 
 2. pellucidns : v. transparent. 
 liquid (subs.) : I. Generically : 
 
 quod liquiduni est; quod liquido rorpore 
 constat: v. preced. art. (1.). ||. Spe- 
 cifically, any given watery substance: 
 
 I. liquor: the vine-bred I. (=uine), 
 1. vitipenus, Lucr. 5, 14 : Virg. (esp. 
 a trickling fluid, Virg. G. }, 484, flui- 
 dus liquor, sc. tabis). 2. hiimor, 
 latex (latter chiefly poet.) : v. fluid 
 (subs.). 
 
 liquidate : solvo, persoUo, } : V. 
 TO v.\i. 
 
 liquidity : liquor : Lucr. i, 454 
 {primary quality ol water) : Cic. 
 
 liquor: I. In gen. sense: latex, 
 hiimor, liquor: v. LUiUOR, fluid (subss.). 
 
 II, Intoxicating : no generic lerm : 
 Vulg. Luc. i. 15, has sicera (Gr. <riic€pa); 
 cf. Isid. Or. 20, 5, s. V , where it is de- 
 fined as, omnis potio quae (extra vinum), 
 inebnare potesL 
 
 liquorice: v. licorice. 
 
 lisp ('■)•■ nearest e.xpr., Uaesa voce 
 loquor, cf. Ov. A. A. }, 294. See also 
 LIBPD-G (adj.). 
 
 about a cause, languidiore esse studio in 
 aliqua re, Cic. Lig. 9, 28. Join, lan- 
 guidus atque iners. id. Sen. 8, 26. 2. 
 rfimissus (slack, wanting vigour) : I. 
 {careless) in canvassing, in petendo r., 
 Cic. Mur. 26, 52. Esp. with preced. : 
 remissus ac languidus [animus], Caes. 
 B. C. 1, 21: Sail.: v. foil. art. 3, 
 
 lentUS: v. COOL (HI), INDIFFERENT. See 
 also INACTIVE, INDOLENT. 
 
 listlessly : languide : Caes. B. G. 7, 
 27 (Innguidius in opere versari) ; Col. Or 
 expr. by circumL, remisso ac languido 
 animo ; v. preced. art. See also indo- 
 lently. 
 
 listleSSneSS : 1. languor (cf. pre- 
 ced. artt.) : Cic. Or expr. by languidus : 
 {the case) left no room for !., nihil lan- 
 guid! neque remissi patiebatur, Sail. Jug. 
 55: sometimes circuuiL with animus 
 will serve, cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 21. 2. 
 
 inertia, socordia, etc. : v. indolence, in- 
 activity. 
 
 litany : Utania (Gr. AiTareia) : Sidon.: 
 V. Du C. s. V. 
 
 literal : P h r. : to give a I. transla- 
 tion, verlnim verbo reddere, Hor. A. P. 
 IH: such a transbition, •interpretatio 
 ad verbuin facta (translatio=m<-to^Ao) ); 
 the I. meaning if a nord. verbl sensus 
 proprius (opp. to translatus, per trans- 
 lationeni aiceptus), cf. Cic. de Or. i, 37, 
 149; .>;ee also lull. art. 
 ! literally : "*! litteram, ad verbmn : 
 i V. LETTER (II.). Phr.; to take any- 
 
 thing I. or figuratiieJy,'(\ui*\scnf lam 
 est ex proprio verborum gen>u ant per 
 translation>-m accipere cl. figurative. 
 literary: 1. e.vpr. by liturae, 
 arum : /. pursuits or tastes, studia litte- 
 rarum, Cic. Arch. 2, } to lead a I life, 
 aetatem agere in L, id. Leg. 2. 1, } ; my 
 I. pursuits, 1. meae, id. Ph. 2, 8, 20 : v. 
 literature. 2. litleriitus {amver- 
 
 sant with literature) : a I. man {=man 
 of letters), homo 1.. Cic M ur. ■, i') : Sen. : 
 V. learned (4). (N.B. A literary man 
 in modem sense is raiher litterator, c£ 
 Suet. Gr. 4.) 
 
 literature: 1. littJrae, arum: 
 to know nothing of I., I. nescire, Cic. Br. 
 74,259; stronger, nullas '<miiin<,Lni>£se, 
 Id. Ph. 2, 8, 20: possessed of eztt-nsivt 
 and profound knonled'je oj /., muUis L 
 et iis reconditis et exquisitis, id. Br. 71, 
 251: cf. preced. art. (I). 2. tuiiianitai 
 {refined culture generally) .- v. refine- 
 ment. (X.U. — Sometimes ihe Erg. word 
 is used to denote published matter in- 
 discriminately, in which sense litterae 
 should not be used, but rather libri.) 
 
 lithe, lithesome: tle.\iiis, flexibiiis: 
 V. FLEXinLR, supple. Ph r. : / am quick 
 of hand, lithesome of limb, sum pemix 
 manibus. sum pedes mobllis, PL Mil. }, 
 I, !5- 
 
 lithograph : *pictura litbographlca 
 (quae dicitur). 
 
 lithographer : •lithographus. 
 
 lithography : *P'ctura lithographioi. 
 lithotomy : seciio ad calculos vesicae 
 eximendos cf. Cels. 7, 26. As scient. 
 1. 1., •lithotomla (Gr. Ai0oto/iui). 
 
 litigant: litigator: C^int. 6, I, 15, 
 etc. : or, in all cases except nom. sing., 
 pres. part, of litigo : Plin. 19, i, 6.(velia 
 forum inumbrant, ut salubrius litigantet 
 consisterent). 
 
 litigate : litigo, i : Cic. Fam. 9, 25 : 
 Quint. 
 
 litigation : expr. by verb: v. preced. 
 art. (Litigiuin only I'L; and litigatio 
 without authurity.) 
 
 litigious : litiglosus : Cic. Verr. 2, 1. 
 14, lin. 
 
 litigiousness : *litigandi libido *. 
 cacoethes. 
 
 litter (subs.) .- |. The vehicle : lec- 
 tica : to ride in a L, lectica ferri, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 11, init.; portari, id. Ph. 2. 24. 
 init. (de muliere); vehi, Juv. Mmin. 
 lecticula: he I'as borne <m a I. into the 
 Senate-house, lecticnla in curiam delatus 
 est, Cic. Dlv. I, 25, 55 ("PPy- = lectica) 
 Li^. II. 0/ stra", f tc. : stramentum, 
 esp. pi. : V. Gesn. Lex. Rust. s. v. V i g. : 
 there was a I. of papers on the ground, 
 *humi passim chartae confuse jacebant. 
 III. of young: fetus, iis : to bring 
 forth six k-ids at a I., sex haedos uno t 
 edere, Cic. : to have many young at a I., 
 niultiplices f. procreare, id. N. I>. 2. ?i, 
 128: (a son) u-ith a I of )0. triginta 
 capitum fetus enixa, Virg. Acn. 8, 44. 
 
 litter ("•) ■■ I. To cover u-Hh litter . 
 substerno, j : v. to strew. |j. To 
 I/ring forth young : pario, Enitor : v 
 to bring forth: and comp. preced. 
 art. (111.). 
 
 little (adj.): 1. payvu-, minor, 
 minimus : jtassim. liimin. parvulus, 
 very little (esp. with ref. to age): Ter.; 
 Cic. 2. exiguus (very snioU, tiny), 
 
 the I. mouse, ex. nius. Virg. G. I, 181 
 Cic. Very I., perexiguu> : very I. com 
 p. frumentuni, Caes. B. C }, 42. 3- 
 pusillus (JimtjiiKi'iv) : a l.-it>d of L 
 Home, quasi p. Roma, Cic. Att. 5. 2; 
 Juv.: V. SMALL. 4. pauUis, very 
 
 rare as adj. ; more freq. in (iimiii. form : 
 paululus: both horses ami men I. and 
 slender, eqiii homint^que paululi et gra- 
 ciles, Liv. 55, ii, med. cCic. would have 
 preferred pusillus v. sujir.). 5. ml- 
 nutus : V. s>i a i.l. Phr.: for a I. n h He, 
 (in) breve {not parvuinl tempus: niore 
 freq. and idiomatic, panimpir i^for a 
 fen- moment.-^, Cic. .\tt. 9, 4, .M'. Ter. : 
 or. paulisper, Caes. B. G. ?, 5 (l«u''isper 
 nitennittere pnx'liuni. wlnre p:iruinper 
 would b.- lessproptT. p;iulisi)er is posi- 
 tive in meaning; paruinper, negative 
 =znot more than a moment or t"o): 
 447
 
 I,ITTI.E, A LITTLE 
 
 LO 
 
 LOATHE 
 
 little people (in stature), homines sta- 
 tura breves, Quint. 2, J. 8. See also 
 LITTLE (subs). (N.B.— Little is olteu 
 denoted in Lat. by a dimin. word : e. g. 
 a I. child, parvulus ^alittle man. a man- 
 nikin, homuncio, homullus ; a I. estate, 
 praediolum ; I. savings, vindemiolae, etc. : 
 whore see the several subss.) 
 
 Uttle, a little (ad».) ■. 1. paulnm 
 (a little : a positive word ; whereas 
 parum is negative, only a little, less than 
 should be) : Cic. Dimin. paululum, j!/^t 
 a I., Cic. : Quint. 2. parum (v. supr.) : 
 to trust I. (not to truU), p. credere, Caes. 
 B. C. 2, }i: V. NOT. 3. nonnlhil 
 
 (smnewliat) : Cic. Fam. 4, 14, I. 4. 
 
 aliquantaium : just a I. sad, a. sub- 
 tristis, Ter. Andr. 2, 6, 16. Phr. : to 
 value l, parvi facere : v. lightly. See 
 
 also SOMEWHAT. 
 
 little (subs.): 1. paulum: (1). 
 foil, by part. gen. = a small quantity : 
 a I. poutided salt, p. triti salis, Col.: 
 Hor. ( 2). of time : a little = a short 
 time : to rest a I. (awhiU), p. requi- 
 escere, Cic. de Or. i,fin. (3). of degree : 
 a little = to some extent : your letters 
 encourage me a I., epistolae tuae me p. 
 recreant, Qc. Att 9. 6, med. (4). in 
 aM. paulo, with comparatives, to denote 
 the degree in vhich: not a I. better, 
 baud paulo melior, Cic. Att. 2, 12, fin. : 
 Quint. 2. parum (but little, less than 
 should be : with part, gen.) : but I. vis- 
 dom, p. sapientiae. Sail. Cat. 5. See 
 also little, adv. (2). 3. exiguum 
 (a very I.) : a I. space, ex. spatii, Liv. 22, 
 24, med. : they add a I. honey, ex. mellis 
 adjiciunt, Plin. 28, q, 37 } i59 *" ^^P 
 very I., ex. dormire, Plin 10, 77, 97. 4. 
 nonnihil: v. somewhat. 6. aliquan- 
 tulum (just a I.) : spare yourself a l, 
 al. tibi parce, Ter. Heaut. 5. ?, 11. In 
 Cic. Par. }, i, 20 = multuni (ironice). 
 (N.B.— The above are used only in nom. 
 and ace. in part, sensi-.) 
 little-minded : pusiiii, parvi, s. an- 
 
 gusti aninii: cl. Cic. Fam. 2, \-],fin.; 
 Off. I, !o, 68. 
 littleness: parvltas, exlgultas: v. 
 
 LLNKInS. 
 
 liturgic : *liturgicus : as t. t. 
 
 liturgy : *liturgia : as t. t. Phr.: to 
 use a I., *certis quibusdam divini cultus 
 carminibus uti. 
 
 live ("■)•■ !• ^0 6e aZive: 1. 
 
 vivo, xi, ctum, }: PI.: Cic. Join: 
 
 vivere ac spirare, Cic. Sext. 50, 108. 
 
 2. spiro, I (to breathe: q. v.) : v. 
 
 supr. ' II. To sustain life by food : 
 
 1. vivo, J (with abl.) : to I. on fish, 
 piscibus v., Caes. B. G. 4, 10, Jin. : Hor. 
 
 2. vescor, j (to use for food : with 
 abl.) :' I I. on nidk, cheese, fiesh, lacte. 
 caseo, came vescor, Cic. Tusc. ;, J2, 90. 
 
 3. vitam loleio, i (with abl. of iltat 
 on v.-hich : implying scant or liomtly 
 fare) : Col. io, pi ef. See also to eat. 
 
 III. To dwell in a certain place : 
 1 habito, I : to I. under-ground, 
 
 sub terra h., Cic. N. D. 2. }'!, 95 : to I. 
 in any one's house, apud aliquem h., 
 id : to I. up three pair of stairs (in an 
 attic), sub legulis h., Suet. Gr. 9. Freq. 
 with ace.: v. to inhabit. 2 '^I'-o, 
 xi, ctum, J (prob. always with some 
 reference to the manner of -life) : Conon 
 l.d a great deal at Cyprus, Conon plu- 
 rimum Cypri vixit, Nep. Chab. i : 
 to I. with (in the company of) any one, 
 cum aliquo v., Cic. in Pis. 28, 68. 
 
 IV. To spend one's life in a certain 
 way: ' 1. vivo, j: esp. with such 
 advv. as bene, honeste, turpiter, etc.: 
 Cic. pass. : to I. in conformity with na- 
 ture, V. convenienter naturae,^ Cic. Off. 
 J, J, iJ. 2. expr. by ago.dego, vivo, 
 ■with vitam, aetatem, etc.: to I. most 
 virtuously and honourably, vitam sanc- 
 tissimo honestissimeque agere, Cic. Ph. 
 9, 7, 15 : to i- '"OS* miserably, v. miserri- 
 mam degerc, id. Sull. 27, 75 : to I. in soli- 
 tude, v. in solitudine agere, id. Fin. t, 20, 
 init.: also v. exigere, Ter. Heaut. 2, }, 
 ja: to I. safely, v. tutam vivere, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 2, 47, 118 (a less freq. constr.): 
 to I a literary life, aetatem agere in 
 litteris, id. Leg. 2, l, i : to I. all one's 
 
 448 
 
 life free from pain, degere onmem aeta- 
 tem sine dniore, id. Fin. 2, J5. 118. less 
 freq. aetatem gerere, Sulp. in Cic. Fam. 
 4, 5, 2. V. ^^ S^t one's living : v. 
 
 livelihood. 
 
 live (adj.) : vivus: v. living (adj.).^ 
 
 livelihood : vlctus, fis : to get one's 
 I. by any means, aliqna re v. quaeritare, 
 Ter. Andr. i, i, 48 (v. quaerere, to search 
 fur food, Phaedr. }, 16, 4). Phr.: to yet 
 a (scant) I. by manual labour, manuum 
 mercede inopiam tolerare, Sail. Cat. J7 : 
 cf. Ulp. Dig. 50, 16, 2o;, se tolerare, to 
 get one's I., support oneself. 
 
 liveliness : pe^h. argutiae, arum : 
 cf. Plin. 35, 10, !6 6 67 (where argutiae 
 vultus denotes lively play of expression 
 in the features) : or sometimes, festivitas 
 (pleasantry, easy grace and cliorm) ; or 
 expr. by adj. : v. lively. See also 
 cheerkulness, life (IV.). 
 
 livelong (odj.) .- nearest word, totus, 
 which represents the Kng. in a prosaic 
 manner : in Tennyson, " to break the 
 livelong summer day," represents Hor. s 
 morantem saepe diem fregi, Od. 2, 7. 7 : 
 cf. id. Od. I, I, 20, partem de die solido 
 demere, where the epith. implies that 
 the unbroken day is given to a certain 
 object: so Sen. Ep. 8;, 2, hodiemus dies 
 solidus est: totus inter stratum lectio- 
 neraque divisus est : where the time is 
 not pleasurably prolonged, tardus or 
 longus may serve : v. tedious. 
 
 lively : !• ^"^' Q^ '*/* <*^ ""'' 
 
 mation : ' 1 vggfitus (fresh and full 
 of life): brinht, I. eyes, nigri v.que 
 oculi", Suet. Caes. 45 : but the word 
 mostly expresses more than the Eiig. : 
 V. vigorous. 2. alacer, cris, ere (c/icf^r- 
 ful, brisk, full of spirit : being nearly 
 = acer) : I. (cheerful) aivi in good spirits, 
 a. atque laetus, Cic. Mur. 24, 49 : rarely 
 of things, a I. pleasure, a. voluptas, 
 Virg. E. 5, 58. 3. lepidus, fesstivus 
 
 (the former denoting an easy, graceful 
 manner; the \atter,pkasanti-yandiym'e)- 
 of amusing converse): v. oracekul, 
 pleasant. 4. perh. argutus (quick, 
 smart) : cf. Cic. Leg. 1,9, 27, oculi nimis 
 arguti, where be refers to the quick, 
 licdy expressiveness of the eyes. ||. 
 Of colours, bright, gay: vegetus: vn-y 
 I. hue, vegetissimus color, Plin. 21, 8, 22. 
 liver: jecur, jecOris; also, Jecinoris 
 or J5ciii8ris, n. : Cic. (who uses only the 
 stem jecor-) : Liv. : Gels, (who has the 
 forms, Jocinoris, etc. 4, 8, et«.). Dimin. 
 jecusculum (the I. of a small animal), 
 Cic. Div. 2, 14, J J. Having the l.-com- 
 plaint, hepatlcus, Plin. 27, 1 2, 105 : also, 
 jetorosus, Sid. ; jecoriticus, jecinorosus. 
 Marc. Empir. (the complaint itself is 
 morbus jocinoris, Cels. 1. c.) : the lobes 
 of the l, librae, Cels. 4. 1. med.: used 
 poet, for the liver itself, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 600. 
 liver-wort : *hepatica (M. L.). 
 livery : vestis quam famuli locuple- 
 tiorum hominum gerere consuerunt : cf. 
 Nep. Dat, } : or simply *vestitus famu- 
 lorum proprius. 
 
 livery-stables : *stabulacaballorom 
 mercenaria. 
 
 livid: lividus; Hor. Od. i, 8, 10: 
 Ov. (more freq. = jealous : q. v.). To be 
 I., livere : the imperf. part, of whicn is 
 used as adj., Liv. 2, n: 0^'- Incept. 
 livescere, to become I., Lucr. 
 lividness: livor: Col. 12, 47. 
 living (part, adj.) : \ivus (alive) : 
 oft. with abl. of subs, (absol.): so long 
 as Hannibal, was I., Hannibale v., Nep. 
 Hann. 12 : Cic. 
 
 living (subs.) : I. Livelihood : 
 
 viotus, lis : V. livelihood. ||, Food: 
 victus, us : plain I., tennis v., Cic. Am. 
 2 J, 86. Phr.: to indulge in high I., 
 *laiitinribus uti epulis; lautius vivere, 
 Nep. Chab. ! (the latter phr. includes 
 the style of living generally). 
 
 lizard: 1. liicerta: Hor.: Plin.: 
 less freq. lacertus, Virg. G. 4, 1 5. 2. 
 stellio, onis, m. (with star-like spots: 
 l\a.\. gecko) : Plin. 29, 4, 28 : Virg. 
 
 lO (inter j.) : \. ecce: mo.sily used 
 adi)erb., with verbs in the indie, mood : 
 cf. Virg. G. 1, 108, etc. : in coUoq. prose 
 
 it combines with the prons. is, ille, iste, 
 into one word : as, eccum, eccam, tccil- 
 lum, eccillam. etc. (less freq. ecca, ec- 
 cilla, etc.) : PI. : Ter. 2. en (with 
 
 nom. alone ; or less freq. ace.) : lo (there 
 is) Priam, en Priamus, Virg. Aen. I. 
 461 : to.' four altars, en quattuor aras, 
 Virg. E. 5, 65 : also with a full sentence, 
 PI. True. prol. 7. (N.B.— The above are 
 more coUoq. than the Eng., being fre- 
 quent in PU and Ter. like the Fr. voila, 
 void .') 
 
 load: I. ^"3/ freight carried: 
 
 6nus, eris, n. : v. burden. ||. A quan- 
 tity carried at once : vehes, is, /. • a I. 
 of manure, v. stercoris, fimi : Col. : Plin. • 
 V. Gesn. lex. rust. s. v. 
 
 load(i'-)" I. Tolay on aburden : \, 
 engro, I : to I. baggage-cattle, jumenta o., 
 Sail. Jug. 75 : Virg. F i g., of food ; to 
 I. the stomach (absol.), Plin. 29, ;, u } 48 
 (onerare ventrem, is to over-feed oneself. 
 Sail. : Ov.). See also infr. (IV.). 2. 
 expr. bv impono, posui, itum, ? (with 
 ace. and dat.): he l.s the beasts with 
 vessels of all sorts, (jumentis) imponit 
 vasa cujusque modi, Sail. Jug. 75 : to I. 
 an ox with pack-saddles (fig. of unsuit- 
 able toil), bovi clitellas i., Cic. Att. 5, 
 15 : also with in and ace. : to I. a wagon, 
 onera in plaustnim i., Cic. (in Kr.). 
 (j^.B.— The phr. onus imponere appears 
 to be confined to the fig. sense = to lay 
 a burden on am/ one: but Kr. gives ju- 
 mentis oneia [_pl,'] imponere, e Cic. ; and 
 Varr. has, onera in jumenta extoUere, 
 K. R. 2, 10, med.) 3 RTiivo, i (to /. 
 heavili/ : w'th ace. and abl.) : Phaedr. 2, 
 7, I : Tac. II, To encumber the sto- 
 mach : 6ngro, I : v. supr. (1., 1). |||. 
 In phr. to I. urith chains : ahcui crassas 
 compedes impingere, PI. Cap. J, 5, 76: 
 aliquem catenis onerare (poet.), Hor. 
 Od. }, II, 45. IV. 1" accumulate 
 
 abuse, etc., o»i any one : conggro, inggro, 
 ssi, stum, } (with dat. of person or in 
 and ace.) ; less freq. 6n6ro, i (with ace. 
 <i{ person) : v. to heap (HI.). V. 'J'" 
 put dishonest v eights to dice: (?)tesseriB 
 per fraudem impariter punduscula ad- 
 dere. VI. 1" charge a fire-arm : *sclo- 
 peto s. tomient'i (bombardico) pulvcrcm 
 nitratum cum glande plumbea, cum glo- 
 bo ferreo immittere (Kr.). (N.B.— Usu. 
 better to employ a more general expr., 
 such as *tela missiliain promptu habere, 
 tormenta missilibus instruere.) 
 loaded : onustus : v. laden. 
 load-stone : magnes, etis, m. : Lucr. 
 6, 909 : magiies lapis, Cic. Div. 1, 59, 80. 
 (Upis Heraclius = l. Lydius, Plin. j!. 
 
 8- 45-' . , ,. ^ 
 
 loaf: piinis, is, m. (either bread in 
 gen., or a loaf): t^^V pitched loaves of 
 this'brewl aniongst them, ex hoc effectos 
 panes in eos jaciebaut, Caes. B. C. i, 48. 
 Of other substances, e. g. of saltpetre, p. 
 aphronitri, Stat. 4, 9, J7. (Massa = a 
 lump.) 
 
 loam: lutum: cf. Cato R. R. 92, 
 whert! an artificial I. •)r clay is de- 
 scrilwd : as a kind of soil, ager pinguis, 
 cretosus, v. rich, clavey. 
 
 loamy : cretosus, argillosus : v. 
 clayey. 
 
 loan- 1. ^''P'"- ^y mutuus: to 
 
 seek a i. of money, argenluni m. quae- 
 rere. PI. Pers. I, I, 5: to get a I., (ar- 
 gentum) m. invenire, id. Ps. i, j, 67 r 
 Cic. : V. to lend. Also mutuum absol. 
 (late), Paul. Dig. 12, i, l,init. (Miitu- 
 atio is the act of borrowing money.) 
 2. expr. by mutuo, -or : v. to 
 BORROW. 3. commodatum (of the 
 use of anything ; as an article of fur- 
 niture, a book, etc.) : Dig. 1 }, 6, pass. 
 (N.B. — Commodatum denotes an act of 
 favour; vantunm a money transaction.) 
 Phr.: to effect a I. in order to pay a 
 debt, versuram facere, Cic. Att. 5, 11, 8: 
 so to pay a debt by means of a 1.. ver- 
 sura (aes alienum) solvere, ib. 5, 15. 
 
 loath (o^j-): "■'f^,"- , .. , 
 loathe : I. 'J'of d disgust at food: 
 fastidio, 4: Hor. S. I, 2, 115- Phaedr. 
 In same sense, cibum aspernari r.tque 
 respuere, Cic. de Or. ?, 25, 99- ('''"''•'• 
 also nauseo, to feel sick, as in iailtiig :
 
 LOATH I NO 
 
 LOFTINESS 
 
 LON E, LO N ELY 
 
 tf. Pliaidr. 4, "J, 25.) ||. In geii. 
 tspernor i more precisely, animo 
 pcrnari, Cic. in Pis. JO, 45 also, odi ; 
 with. p. jMrt. in act. sense, exosun, j>6rd- 
 Bus V. TO HATE. As p. part. pass. 
 imisus: cf. VirR. Aen. i, 28. (In fig. 
 eenso, fasitidio = to be disdainful.) 
 loathing (««(»«.)• \, Fur food: 
 
 1. fustidlum: sati'ty and I., satietas 
 et f„ Cic. Inv i, i-j, extr : to excite. l„ 
 fastidia movcre alicui, Ov. Ponl. 1, 10, 
 •J ; also, fa.-itidium crearc, Plin. 2. 
 nausea {fichness , strictly ./rani, sailing) : 
 cf. Mart. 4, IT, fin. To feel a I., faslidio : 
 V preced. art. ||. In gen. sense: iisu. 
 best expr. by verb, to feel an utter 
 I. for baseness, •turpitudinem pcnitus 
 animo aspemari atque rt-spiier*-: v. to 
 LOATiiK. (Fasiidluni in rH. to other 
 things than food, denotes fastidious- 
 ness, disdain, not abhorrence.) See also 
 
 HATRED. 
 
 loathsome: 1. foedus (q/Tfnsiue, 
 revolting) : a most I. cri-ature (the bug), 
 animal loedissimutn [et dictu quoque 
 fastidiendunij, I'lin. 29, 4. n I. trades 
 (of the Harpies), f. vestigia, Virg. Aen. 
 3,244: Cic: Sail. 2. leter (tai-t.), tra, 
 trum ( from which the setises recoil ; 
 stronger than the preced.) : I. corpses, t. 
 cadavera, Lucr. 2, 41;: /. smell, t. odos, 
 Caes. B. C. 5,49: Cic. 3. f.ii-tidiendus 
 (exciting nausea v. rare): Plin. 2;, 7, 
 }8. (Kastidiosus, of that which one has 
 no appetite for, Hor. Od. j, 29,9; but 
 not in the present sense.) 4. ob- 
 
 scaenus (strictly (/ ill omen ; hence re- 
 pulsive : poet."): epith. of <Ae Harpies, 
 Virg. Aen. {, 241 : I. drink, obs. bauslus, 
 Lucan, 4, ;i2. 
 
 loathsomeness : foeditas : Cic 
 
 lobby : nearest word, vestibulum 
 {fore-court) : v. Diet. Ant. p. 42-;. 
 
 lobe : fibra (of tlie liver) : v. liver. 
 
 lobster: P'ob. astacns: Plin. 9, Ji, 
 ;i. ('Astacns gamniarus, Linn.) (Cam- 
 marus, Varr. j, 11 ; atjd Plin. 2';, j, 2, 
 can scarcely mean a lobster ; nor does 
 the name occur among the species of 
 cancri: Plin. 9, 51. 5>-) 
 
 local: «-''?■■• by lOcus, rggio, etc.; 
 there niere I. disturbances (i. e. confined 
 to certain districts), *iii quibusdam locis 
 tumultuatum est : I. ailments (bodily), 
 •vitia quibus partes corporis singulae 
 laborant: the L authorities, •alicujus loci 
 (regionis, etc) magistratus. (N.B. — Not 
 localis.) 
 
 locality: v place, neighbodrhood. 
 
 loch : laeus : v. lake. 
 lock (subs.) : I. For making fast : 
 no exact word, our locks Ix-ing unknown 
 to the ancients (v. bolt), i' h r. to be 
 kept under I. and key, esse sub clavi, 
 Varr. R. R. i, 22, fn.; sub [signo| 
 claustrisque positum esse, Cic. Agr. i, •;, 
 21. II, A kind of weir : piscina ■ 
 
 I'lin. J, 5, 9 ^ 5 J (/<"■ navigatimi^. |||. 
 Of hair, ivool, etc.: 1, crini^, is, m. 
 (of hair : usu. collect, or pi.) : ilie sing. 
 occurs of a single I., Vivg. Aen. 4, 698: 
 to comb oties l.s, diducere pecline crines. 
 Ov. M. 4, ?ii . perfumed l.s, myrrlieus 
 c, Hor.- Virg. 2. floccus (0/ icoot) : 
 Varr. R. R. 2, 11, nied. See also ciUiL. 
 IV. (\f a gun : *igniarium (sus- 
 gesled in Kr.). y. Stoppage: I'br. : 
 things vould have been at a dead I., 
 undiqvie materies (the matter of which 
 the earth consists) stipata quiesset, Lucr. 
 I, J46. 
 
 lock (v-): 1. occludo, SI, sum, } 
 (to prrrent access) : to I. a door from the 
 outside, (ostium) foris oc, PI. Most. 2, i, 
 58: on the inner side a door could be 
 fastened without a key: cf. Pi. I.e. v. 77 : 
 one for whom nothing is sealtd or I'd, 
 cui nihil sit nee obsignatum nee occlu- 
 Bum, CMc. de Or. 2, fit, 248: to I. up a 
 tiouse, aedes oc, Ter Eun. 4, 7, 14. 2. 
 conclQdo, J (to shut vp or confine in 
 any xray) : v. to shut up. 3. 'x- 
 
 cliido, J (to shut out in any uay): 
 strengthened by foras (to turn out of 
 doors), PI. Mil. 4, I, JO. Phr. : (o 6c 
 kept l.'d up. sub clavi esse, Varr. R. R. 
 I, 22, /». 6ce also to cohfine, lm- 
 
 PBIEON. 
 
 sense locker perh. capsa,capsula (a liinaW magnitudo, Cic. Off. j, ;, 74. 2. e'a- 
 
 no a.s. Jxa or <./..»().• Hor. tio: v elevation (11.). 3. subU- 
 
 locket' no known word: perh. nar- mitas: /. of an heroic soul, s. iiivicU 
 
 Ihetmm (a small racket, in >■ hich medi- animi, PUn. 7, 25, 26; esp. oi style: 
 
 cines, etc., were carried), or as circunil., yuint. : I'lin. mm. . v. sublijiity. 
 
 ♦vasculum pretiosioris generis quod de lofty: I. I'"-: 1. cclsus (esp. 
 
 collo pendet 1 <>' ""'' which rites ereM) : mien erect 
 
 lock-jaw: tetanus: Plin. 11, I, 24 and i, status erectus et c. Cic. Or. 18, 
 
 (Cels. write.-* the word as Gk., TeVaxos). 59 ; a ?. touer, c turns, Hor Od. 2. 10, 
 
 lock-smith claustrarius artifex: 10; Virg. 2. exceUus (more freq. 
 
 Lainpr Fle({ 12 . '" prose than preced.): a I. viountatn, 
 
 locomotion, locomotive: expr. by lex. mons, Caes. B. C. 1,80: snperLex- 
 
 moveo v. to MOVE, MonvK. cel-sisslmus, ib. 70 : Cic. Less freq. pnie- 
 
 locust : Ificusta, ae, f. : Plin. celsuB, very l. Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 107 : 
 
 loige (subs.): i.e. a small tenement: Virg. 3. ardnua (strictly jtftp : In 
 
 casa casfila v cottage, abode. present sense, jioet. and late): a /.c«lar, 
 
 lodge('')- A. IntraUK.: |. a. cedrus. Ov. Am. 1, 14, 12: Plm. 4. 
 
 To have one's ab' lite: 1. ileversor, 1 : altus, praealtns. altis.slmus : v. high. 
 
 to I. with any one, apud aliqueni d., Cic. 5. cditus: v. elevated (L). 6. 
 
 Tusc 5,8,22 also, in aliqiia (aliiujus) sublimis, e (in a lojty position ; hiyh 
 
 domo d.. id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, to. 2. Je- up) : the I. t'lp if a mountain, s. moniis 
 
 verto, ti, sum, ?; or as pass. reft, (to cacumen, Ov. M. i. 666- Virg. ||. 
 
 leave the road for some lodging-place : Fig.: 1, exrelsus : Join: animufl 
 
 to "put up:" not U) be used of a ?<«»'''- excelsus et magnlficus, Cic Off. I, II, 
 
 ened stay) : to I. with a friend or at an init. ■ magna excelsaque fgloria], Tac. 
 
 inn, ad hospitem, ad cauponem dever- i Also in sim. sen.«e. celsus a most I 
 
 tere Cic Div. i, 27, 57: al.io deverti seat of dignity, sedes celsisslma di^ni- 
 
 apud aliquem, PI. Mil. 2, i, 56 : or with tatis, Cic Sull. 2. $ : and in moral sense, 
 
 abl. of name of town, Cic. Font. 5, 9- '^^- Tus^- 5. 14. 4^ (celsus et erectus anl- 
 
 fN B— The above must not be used to mus. 2. e'atus : v. elfvated. 3. 
 
 \ * ... .-1 .■„ l..'_„.J ...KIT. 
 
 denote pamanent residence in hired sublimis (esp. of ttouffAt and style): v. 
 
 apartments: which may be expr. by sublime. Phr. : I. «(y/«;, magiiiloquen- 
 
 habito: e.g. tol.in a firarre<,sub teeulis tia, e. g. Homcri, Cic. Jam. ij, 15. See 
 
 habitare. Suet. Or. 9: v.LOiwiN<:, su(/s.) also grand. 
 
 3 comm6ror, i(tostay).- acSen.2!, log: 1. tignum (a N-am or bo/* 
 
 84- V Toi^TAV. II To fnd a resting- of wood) : Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 7?: ties.: v, 
 
 place: perh. adhaereo, 2 (cf. Ov. Met. 5, beam. Dimin. tigillum, I'haedr. i, 
 
 }8, fronte cuspis adhaesit) : or maneo, 14 (" A^in<7 log"). 2. stipe.s itis. 
 
 2, 
 
 m. 
 
 (trunk) :''Caes. B. G. 7, 7i:'as term of 
 
 reproach, Ter. Henut. 5, 1,4 v trink. 
 
 logarithm: *l<'igaritlimus math.t.t. 
 
 log-book: *codicilli nauiici. 
 
 loggerhead: caude.x, stipes, etc: 
 
 Ter. Heaut. 5, r, 4. 
 
 logic: *(ars) ICgica: Aldrich: M. L 
 (Cic. writes ihe word as Gk. Aoyioj, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 51, hastam in la'tus'. . .con- F"in. i, 7, init.: in same or nearly same 
 torsit, he Id tlie spear in the side (of the ] sense,_ he has dialertica, w -e. Hn^ 2, 6, 
 wooden horse): tigitur in Jus-so sagitta ' " ' 
 
 loco, the arrow is l.d in the sjxit aimed 
 at. 11. To bring a charge against 
 
 2 : v. to remain. B. Trans. : |. 
 To cause U) remain or adhere : perh. 
 adigo, J (to di-iue home): cf Tac. H. 4, 
 2J, hastae ardeiites adiictae : or the pass, 
 may be expr. by adhaereo (to stick fast, 
 lodge itself): v. supr. (U.). Some- 
 times the pense may be expr. hy prep. 
 in, alter verbs of thrim-ing, etc. : cf 
 
 17 ; also, dialectica, oruni, ib. }, 12, 41 r 
 and more generally, disserendi ratio et 
 
 ^ _ ^, „^ _ scieniia, Tusc. 5, 25,72: but these are 
 
 any one': nomen alicujus defero; or 1 less precise terms.) 
 
 simply defero (with occ. of object) : v. logical: 1. •lOgicus : phil. t. (. : 
 
 TO ACCUSE. 'v. LOGK. 2. diMecticus (MoTijnnp to 
 
 lodgement- cWefly in phr. to «^ecrreaj-on !«<;): I. quibblrs. d. captionesj, 
 a I.: 1 wrii. obsTdo, di, j (to beset, Cic Fin. 2, 6, 17: Quint. I'hr.: at 
 occupy): cl. Virg. Aen. 7, JJ4, Italos conclusion, 'quod ex ratlone dialecli- 
 obsidere fines: v to beset. Join : , corum concludilur: o lery i. i/nnd, in- 
 obsidere atque occupare (praesidiis), Cic. geniiim dialecticorum ratione Imbuturn ; 
 Agr. 2, 28, init. 2. occupo, I : v. TO I cul inest insita quaedani disserendi suD- 
 sei/.e. ' " I tilitas. _ 
 
 lodeer • 1 Inquilinus (one living logically : dlalectlce (m accordance 
 in anothei- man's house) : Cic Ph. 2,41, I ^cith the strict lavs of reasoning, and 
 
 105: Sail. 2. deversor (at an inn): 
 Cic inv. 2, 4, 1 5- See also guest (L\ 
 
 lodging (subs.): 1. deversorium 
 (a place to put up at) : Cic. .Sen. 2!, 84 
 (commorandi d.) : Liv. : Suet. Dimin. 
 deversoriolum, small lodgings, Cic. 2. 
 in same sense, dcverticiilum (div-) , Liv. 
 J,^i,fin~ 3. mSritorium coeniiculum 
 (a hired room) : Suet. Vit. 7 : also absol., 
 nieritoria, pi. neut. : to let is, meritoria 
 facere, Ulp. Dig. 7, I. IJ $ 8" <=f- "b. per 
 coenacula dividere doniiim [sc. atque 
 locarej. 4. conductns lar (poet.): 
 
 Mart. II, 82. 5. hospituim (.anyplace 
 where hospitable enteiiainment is given): 
 
 v. INN 
 
 lodging-house: insula (a «ar.(7e 
 house let out in portions): v. Diet. Ant, 
 s. v. More precisely, domus per coena- 
 cula divisum. v. lodging (3). 
 
 loft: i- e. a room under the roof: 
 nearest word, coenaculum (any upper 
 room): see Varr. L. L. 5, a, 162 : Juv. . 
 esp. as let for hire: v. lodging (3). 
 See also hay-loft, granary. 
 
 loftily: excelse (boih lit. and fig.), 
 sublime, subllmlter (aloft, q. v.), elate 
 (only fig.): V. high (adv.); and comp. 
 adj. 1,1 1 ft y. 
 
 loftiness: I. Lit. : 1. alti- 
 tudo (most gen. term) v. height. 2. 
 excelsitat* (great height) : Plin. 2, 64, 64 
 (ex. niontium) cf infr (Subllmitas 
 = state of being aloft.) ||. Fig.: 
 
 1 excelsius : J o i n : ex. animI et 
 1 G 
 
 without rhetorical adomvievt) : Cic. Fin. 
 2,6,ini7. (Loglce is without auihorlty.) 
 Phr.: very I., *omnino ex ratione ac 
 Ecientla dialecticorum ; secundum artis 
 logicae regulas. 
 
 logician . diaiectlcus : a strict (or 
 powerful) I: valens d., Cic. Fat. 6. 
 
 logographer: «iegographus (qui di- 
 citftr). 
 
 logomachy: verborum disceptallo; 
 Liv. 21, 19, iMf •• verlKirum controver- 
 siae, cf. Cic. de Or. i, 1 1, 47. 
 
 loin: lumbus: usu. pL: up to the 
 l.s, usque ad lumbos. Quint. 11, ?. m : 
 Cic. : a I of boar. L aprugnu-s I'Un. 8 
 51, 78 : a I. of pork. I. porcinus. 
 
 loiter : 1. re-^^". ' ('<' ^ ''"'• '*,•'<': 
 
 tory): if the letter-carrurs do nU ♦..si 
 tabellarii non cessarlnt, Cic Prov. C>c.n». 
 7, I?: Ter. 2. cunctor, I (to Utujrr, 
 be slack in actitm) : Cic : Liv. . v. to 
 DKLAY (IL). 3. miSror, 1 (to tany, 
 stay): v. to linger, stay, l^one to I., 
 cessator, f. -trix : Hor. S. 2, 7. 'oo- 
 
 loiterer : cessator : v. preced. art. 
 
 lone, lonely: 1. ^^»»- cf. Ter. 
 Eun. I, 2, 67 : aLso of places: you van- 
 dered sad in I. places, in lods soils moe»- 
 tus errares, Cic. I>lv. i, 28, 59. on the L 
 mountain, in s. monte. Tib. i. 2, 72 (al 
 solito). 2. desOlatus (7</t alone. 
 
 chietiy poet.): Siat.: Virg. 3. r«- 
 
 ductus (lying far back, away trom the 
 haunts <■/" »n<n: poet.): Hor. Od. i. m, 
 17 : Virg. {lieductus conveys a pie*- 
 ' 44Q
 
 LONELIN ESS 
 
 LOOK 
 
 LOOK OUT 
 
 surable idea, unlike preceil.; 4. pa- 
 rum frfiquens (homiiiibus) • i. e. thinly 
 peopUd, little resorted to .- cf. Lat. Diet, 
 s. V frequeiis. 5. avius (away from 
 hightrays) ■ I. mountains, a. niontes, 
 
 Hor. Od. I, 2J, 2: V. PATHLESS. 
 
 loneliness : solitude (state of being 
 afone) .■ Ter Andr. I, 5, 55- 
 
 lonesome : v. preced. art. ; and 
 
 LONK.I.V. 
 
 long (ffl'(?) " I. Of extension 1. 
 longus: Cic; Virg. : pass. Unusually 
 or mm I., praelongus vet-y I. s^vords, 
 pr. gladii, Liv. 22,46- Plin. : also, per- 
 longus (less freq., but dt-noting greater 
 absolute length than praelongus, as per- 
 longa via, Cic. Att. ;, 20, j). N.B.— 
 When the dimension is specified, longus 
 is used with a^c. of •ubstantives of mea- 
 sure ; as. ferrum tres longum pedes, on 
 iron three feet I., Liv. 21 , i,fin. 2. pi 6" 
 missus (that has been suffered to grow : 
 hanging divm); I. hair, p. coma, Liv. 
 j8, 17 : Caes. 3. prolixus (long and 
 Spreading ; esp. of the parts of the body 
 or dress) : hair loose and I., capillus 
 passus, p , Ter. Heaut. 2, J, 49 . I. tails 
 (of slieeo), caudae p., Varr. K. R ?. 2, 
 ad init".: I. tunics, p_. tunicae, GcU. 7, 
 12, init. 4. procerus (esp. of tht 
 body, long and thiv or tapering): a I. 
 beak (of birds), p. rostrum, Cic. N, I), i, 
 j6, loi : I. pikes, p lupi, Hor. S. 2, 2, 
 j6: V. TALL. 5. productus (rare) ■ 
 a very I. shoot, flagellum produclis^i- 
 muni, Col ?. 10. Phr. : eight feet l, 
 pedes pn.tentus in octo, Vira. G. i, 171 : 
 a I. (extended) line of battle, in l(jngi- 
 tudinem porrecta acies.Liv. 25, 2\,med. : 
 see also LENGTH. II. Of time 1. 
 
 longus I. time, delay, life, etc.. I. t«mpus, 
 mora, vita, etc. • Cic. : Caes. • pass. 2. 
 longlnquus (long continued : but more 
 usu. of distance than time) : I. service, 
 1. miliiia, Liv. 4, 18 J. habit, 1. nmsue- 
 tudo, Caes. B. G. i, 47 : I. period of time, 
 \. tempus, Cic. Div. 2, 12, 28, (N.B. 
 Stronger than longus.) 3. diutumus 
 (of time only : having long duration) : 
 I. experience, d. usus, Cic. Am. 22, fin. : 
 so I. a war, tam d. bellum, Cic. Man. 
 12, fin.: Caes Also diutinus, in same 
 sense : I. stays at a place, d. mansiones, 
 Ter. Ph 5, 8, 21 : Cic. -. Caes. 4. pro- 
 lixus (rare in this sense) : I. life, p aetas, 
 Dig- III. Of quantity, in syllables : 
 1 longus. Cic. de Or. j, 47, 18!. 
 2. prodmtus Cic. Or. 48, 159; cf. 
 also.de Or, 1. e., extrema producta atque 
 longa, i. e. the final (syllable) being I. 
 (where producta is p. part.). |V. Of 
 compositions ; as a speech, etc. : 1. 
 longus : e. g. 1. oratio, Cic. Rab. perd. 
 i, init. Vei-y I., praelongus, e. g. sermo 
 (as written). Quint 10, j, J2. 2. pro- 
 ductus (lengthened out) : (not) longer 
 than five acts, quinto productior actu, 
 Hor. A. P. 189. (Not prolixus in this 
 sense; unless with the further idea of 
 tedimisness : cf. Macr. }, 7, fin. ne pro- 
 lixus sim.) 
 
 long (adv.) : 1. diii, compar. diu- 
 tius, sup. diutissime : Caes. : Cic. 'I'he 
 compar. occurs = too long: to be put of 
 too I., diutius duci, Caes. B. G. i, 16. 
 (Perdiu differs from diutissime : the 
 former denoting a long interval of time 
 —for a long while ; the latter, very long 
 duratim.) 2, compar. longius, longer : 
 to hold out a little l.er. paulo longius 
 tolerare, Caes. B. G. 7, 71 : cf. Cic. Br. 
 15, 60, vitam Naevii pioducit longius. 
 (3ut even the compar. is infrequent; 
 and the posit, and sup. are not used of 
 time.) 3, like preced. amplius (in 
 
 connexion with subss. of time) : toviain- 
 tain the contest two hours Inngei; duas a. 
 horas certanien sustinere, Liv. j6. J8. 
 4. pridem, dudum; v. infr. (v.). 
 Phr,: (i). long b-'fore or afUr : multo 
 ante or post to foresee anything I. be- 
 fore, aliquid m. ante prospicere. Suet. 
 Tib. 67 . Virg. G i, 167 not I. after- 
 wards he. . .., ille post non multo. . ., 
 Nep. Pius. J, init.: Cic. (multo post), 
 simly. so L before or after, post tanto, 
 Virg. G. J, 476. (In Cic. Tusc. 5, 14. 
 init,, quae venientia longe ante videris, 
 450 
 
 the adv. longe has its proper sense, from 
 afar, at a distance.) (ii). how long :- 
 quamdiu how much longer f quamdiu 
 etiam? Gc. Cat. i, init. (iii). tanidiu, 
 or separately, tam diu with corrcl. 
 quamdiu, quoad, dum (only with future, 
 so I. as something shaU last, Cic. Off. 2, 
 12, 4j) v. Dr. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 With pres., tamdiu implies that some- 
 thing is stiU going on : tamdiu Germania 
 vincitur, so I. is (,'ermany in being lon- 
 9?(ered,Tac.G. J7. (iv). toolong : diutius: 
 V. supr. (1). Also nimis diu (nimium diu. 
 Hor. Od. 4, 5,2): v Trx). (v). long ago 
 or sime : (V. pridem not very I. ago. 
 hand ita p., Hor. S. 2, 2, 4'). he points 
 out how I. ago. . ., quam p. (with subj.) 
 ... docet, Cic. Verr. 2, 1,48, 126. when 
 it is stated that something has been long 
 going on and is stdl doing so. jam pridem 
 is used with pres. ind. : J have I. since 
 desired, jampridem (or as two words) 
 cupio, Cic. Att. 2, 5. (2). dudnm (like 
 preced., but usu. referring to shorter 
 times) : not I. ago, hand dudum, PI. Pers. 
 4, i, iy ■ fsp- with Ja™ (^^^'^ preced.): 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 7, 26 Ter. 
 
 long («.) ■■ 1. aveo, 2 (no perf. or 
 sup.) : usu. foil, by inf. : strengthened 
 by valde, / I. to know vthat you are 
 about, valde aveo scire quid agas, Cic. 
 Att. 1,1;. less freq. foil, by O'-C. : ever 
 to I. for what is uanting, semper a. 
 quod abest, Juv. j, 970: Cic. 2. 
 
 gestio, 4 (to I. impatiently) : foil, by 
 iri/in. : I I. to know all your news, g. 
 scire ista omnia, Cic. Att. 4. 11 • PL . v. 
 TO ITCH (il). 3. desidgvo, i (strictly, 
 to I. for what has been once enjoyed .- 
 with ref. to persons or things) : cf. I'er. 
 Eun. I, 2, in- ako in geii. sense; to 
 desire warmly : cf. Cic. Q. Fr. j, 5, 2, 
 nee honores sitio, nee desidero gloriam ; 
 v. TO DESIRE. 4. appgio, ivi and li, 
 
 itum, J (,esp. of any natural desire or 
 longing) . ve naturally I. for what is 
 good, natura bona appetimus, Cic: v. 
 TO SEEK. Also varii.us circuml. may 
 be used : as, cupiditate ardere, flagrare ; 
 desiderio tenet i, affici: v. desi he (subs.). 
 longed for : exspectatus : Cic. Fam. 
 4, 10: Virg. 
 
 longevity ■ 1. vlvacitas (tenacity 
 of life): cf loso-lived. 2. longae- 
 vltas (V. rare) : Macr. Phr. to exceed 
 the phoenix in I., *phoeniceni superare 
 vivendo, cf. Lucr. i, 20j ; phoenice vi- 
 vaciorem esse. 
 
 longing (subs.): 1. desideriiim 
 (comp. to long, 3): T feel a I. for the 
 city, me d. tenet urbis, Cic. Fam. 2, 1 1 : 
 to suffer from l, ex d. laborare. ib. 16, 
 II. 2. libido, inis, /. (most freq. 
 
 licentious desire : also, a strong natural 
 impulse) : a I. to vomit, 1. nauseae. Cato 
 R. R 156. 3. appgtitus, appgtitio: 
 
 V. DESIRE, APPETITE. See alsO DESIRE 
 
 (throughout). To feel a I. : v. to long. 
 longing (adj.): avidus; v. eager, 
 
 DESIROUS. 
 
 longingly : avlde : v. eagerly 
 longish: longiusciilus : Cic. Arcn. 
 
 longitude: longitudo: asgeogr. «.«. 
 (Comp. LATrruDE.) 
 
 longitudinal: inlongitudinem posi- 
 tus : v. foil. art. 
 
 longitudinally : in longitudinem : 
 Cic. Tim. 7. 
 
 long-legged: praelongls cruribus: 
 
 v. LONG (I.). 
 
 long-lived: vivax: Ov. Am. 2, 6, 
 54 (v. phoenix) Hor. • also of plants, 
 Hor.. Virg. The quality of being so. 
 vivacitas: v. longeviti. (Longaevus 
 = aged, poet.) 
 
 long-suifering (s«bs.): patientia ; 
 v. fop.bearance (Longanimita~ = Gk. 
 ^aKpoOviiia . Vulg. Rom. ii. 4, etc ) 
 
 long- suffering (wO-) •■ patiens : 
 Vulg. I Cor, xiii. 4: v. patient. 
 
 long-winded: longus: Auct. Dial. 
 Or. 22 (longus In narrationibus). 
 
 looby V. blockhead. 
 
 look (v.) : I. To direct the eye to- 
 wards an object : 1. aspicio, spexi, 
 ctum, j: look: aspice! Virg. E. 2, 66, 
 et^oss. .- V. TO LOOK OUT 2. intueor. 
 
 2 V TO LOOK ON. ||, To p.est^i 
 
 an appearance of scmething ■ expr by 
 species to I. as if one v ere laughing, 
 lidentis speciem praeliere, Liv 21, 3, 
 fin. : causes which I. as if they were 
 'closely connected, causae quae a habent 
 magnas conjunctionis. Cic. Fam. u, 29, 
 init: that Is fine (opp. to real excel- 
 lence), praeclarus in speciem, Cic. Verr. 
 5, j;, 86. Phr, to I. glad, laetitiam 
 vultu aperte ferre, cf. Cic. Att. 14, ij, 
 ad init. : to I. like emotion, aliquid 
 affectus prae se ferre, Quint. 11, j, 148 
 you would say he Is a man of v orth, 
 faciem videas esse quantivis pretii, Ter. 
 5, 2, 15 . he l.s stern, severitas inest in 
 vultu, ib. 16. III. To face in a cer- 
 tain direction : aspecto, I v. TO look 
 
 TOW A KDS. 
 
 look about or round : 1. circum- 
 spicio, j: Ter Andr 2, 2, 20 (absol.) 
 
 1. about, and see if any one is eaves- 
 dropping, circumspice, numquis est ser- 
 monem nostrum qui aucupet, PL Most. 
 
 2, 2, 41 : Cic. : Virg. Frequent, circum- 
 spect©. I (to look about again and again, 
 or anxiously) : Cic. : Ter. 2. cirtum- 
 tueor. 2 (v. rare) : Apul. 
 
 after : v. look fob. 
 
 at : 1. aspicio, J : you I. an- 
 grily at me. aspicis me iratus, Cic. ■ to 
 I. at each other, inter se a., Cic. Cat. j, 5, 
 fin. Fieqnint. aspecto, I (to keep look- 
 'ing at) : Cic. PI. 42, loi. 2. specto, 
 I (to gaze at. fix the eyes upon): they 
 come to be l.'d at themselves, veniunt 
 spectentur ut ip.sae, Ov. A. A. i, 99 of 
 the action of the mind, s. aliquid et 
 visere, Cic. Tusc. i, 19, 44 esp. of look- 
 ing at games, etc. ; cf. Ov. 1. c 3. 
 tueor, 2 (to gaze at . more or less in- 
 tently; to eye: chiefly poet, in this 
 sense) • v, to gaze. Esp. comps. (1). 
 intueor, i : to I. right at the sun. int. 
 solem adversum, Cic. Rep. 6, 18, fin. 
 Join; intueri et contemplari aliquem, 
 id. PI. I, 2. (2). contueor, 2 (strength- 
 ened from tueor) • to I. at a person leith 
 two eyes, duobus oculis aliquem c, Cic. 
 N. D. i, 8 . oftener of the mind: v. to 
 contemplate. 4. contemplor, i (to 
 I. attentively at) : PI. : Cic. (v. supr. 3, 
 1) : more freq. of the mind. 
 
 — back or behind : respicio, j : 
 (neither) to I. round or behind, circum- 
 spicere aut r., Liv. 21, 22: Cic also 
 foil, by direct ace, to I. back upon, e. g. 
 litora Italiae, Liv. jo, 20: Cic. Fre- 
 quent, respecto, i (to I. back again and 
 again) ; Ter. Liv. 
 
 down: I. Lit., despicio, ? . 
 
 to I. donn from the top of a mountain 
 into the rallei/s, de vertice montis d. in 
 valles, Ov M. 11, 504 Caes. : with direct 
 ace. (poet.)- Virg. Aen. i, 224: Or. 
 Frequent, despecto. i (same constr.): 
 Virg. . Ov II. Fig.: to I. down upon : 
 despicio, J (with ace.) : Cic. R. Am. 46, 
 I J5 : Caes : v. to despise. 
 
 for : 1. specto, I : what 
 
 (better) opportunity do you I. for, quem 
 locum .... spectas ? Caes. B. G. 5, 44. 
 2. quaero, sivi, turn, j v to 
 seek. 
 
 forth • V. LOOK out 
 
 in. into* 1. iusplcio, j; as 
 
 intrans., with intro, PL Bac. 4, j, 87 ; to 
 
 1. into a mirror, ins. in speculum, Ter. 
 Ad. J, J, 61 . also with direct ace, with 
 ref. to the action of the mind : v. to 
 INSPECT, EXAMINE. 2. introsplcio, 
 j; to I. into any one's house, alicujus 
 domum intros., Cic. (?) Harusp. 15, fin. : 
 more freq. fig.; to I. into one's ovn 
 mind, intros. in mentem suam, Cic. Fin. 
 
 2, J 5, 118. Phr. to I. at anything in 
 a mirror, aliquid in speculo intueri, 
 Cic. in Pis. 29, 71. 
 
 in the face : expr. by rectis 
 
 oculis e. g. r. oculis aliquid intueri, Sea 
 Ep. 104, 24; cf. Suet. Aug 16, ne rectis 
 quidem oculis eum adspicere potuisse 
 instructam aciera (the phr. denotes calm 
 facing of dan^'-r or horror). 
 
 but or forth : I. '^'o '^'^ <^ 
 
 view from a place : prospicio, J ; fre- 
 quent, pri specto, I to I. out from house* 
 and witviows, ex tectis fenestrisque pro
 
 LO OK OUT FOR 
 
 LOOSELY 
 
 LOSE 
 
 spectare, Liv 24. 21 with ace. of direct 
 object, Ov. M IS. 842 Sail. Phr. lie 
 l.s out Jar ocer tlie deep, prospectum 
 late r>e'iago petit Virg. Aen. i, 181 
 Seealso TO FoKFsER. II, Touiecir- 
 cumfpevtion r circumspicio, } v to 
 
 LOOK A BOLT. 
 
 look out for • quaere, j v to seek. 
 
 See also to kxpect. 
 
 round; I. To look around -. 
 
 V TO i.o()K AiMiijT II. To liii-n one's 
 eyes to what is hekind . respicio, j see 
 Qc. Clu. 21, 58 and to look back, 
 
 through: \. To view through 
 
 a mMiuiii : *per 'vitrum, eic.j intufor 
 aspliio V To I ooK at. II. 'I'o in- 
 
 spect (sonu^ohat hattil'i) : perspicio, ? : 
 to I. through letti-is and lorrert Ihem, 
 eplstolas p. [et] curngere, Cic. Att. 16, 5, 
 extr. See also to iKsi-rarr. f..\amink. 
 
 to : I. ''0 ''<!''* regard for, 
 
 pay attention to: Phr. to I. to one'^s 
 OHTi ii terest, sifii consulere (v to con- 
 sult, III ) ; sui commodi rationem hab- 
 ere, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17. ||. To fix 
 one's hopes vpon : we I. to you, in le 
 conjecti .sunt nculi nostri ; in le est 
 omnis spes, posita omnia in te (sunt) : 
 cf. Cic. ad Br. 1,9; Kam. 12, i. Some- 
 times confrigio ((o have recourse to) may 
 serve: v. khx-oi-k-sr. 
 
 towards : 1. specto, 1 (usu. 
 
 foil, by ad or in and ace. ; also less freq. 
 by ace. alone : al.so by adv. of direction): 
 to I. towards the south, ;ui meridiem s., 
 Caes. B. G. 5, i?: with in and ace., ib. 
 I, I : Liv. : to I. toivards the vest, solem 
 occidentcm s., Liv. jj, i"}, ad init.: to I. 
 towards a certain quarter, aliquo s., 
 Varr. R. R. i, 4. 2. aspccto, i (less 
 freq.); Tac. A. 12, ?2 (with direct occ ). 
 Phr.: Britain i.s tovanLi .s'jonim on 
 the west, Britannia in occidentcm Hispa- 
 niae obtenditur, Tac. Agr. 10. 
 
 UP : Lit.: 1. su-spTcio, j : 
 
 to I. up to heaven, s. in coelum, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 9 : also, s. coelum (without 
 prep.), id. N. D. 2, 2, 4 (the direct ace. 
 denotes the object looked at ; the prep. 
 the direction in ukich a person looks). 
 JPreqiient. suspecto, i (rare) ; Ter. : PUn. 
 
 2. oculos erigo, Cic. Sext. ji, 68 
 (fig.) ; oculos toUo, Ov. M. ij, 125. 
 
 UP to : suspicio, ! (implying 
 
 respect) : Cic. Off. 2, 10, }6 ; Veil. : see 
 also preced. art. 
 
 look (subs.): I. Act of looking: 
 
 1, aspectus, >is : idth a single I., 
 uno a., Cia Br. 54, 200 or e.\pr. by 
 aspicio : v. to look. 2. obtiitus, us ; 
 V. GAZE. II. Expression of counte- 
 nance : vultus, US : the (augru) I. of a 
 threatening tyrant, v. instantis tyranni, 
 Hor. Od. J, }, J : Cic. : v. kxpression 
 (IV.); countknance (1., 3). Phr.: to 
 assunie a frou-ning I., frontem, super- 
 cilia contrahere, eto. : v. to frown. |||, 
 General aspect : spgcies. lacies, aspectus. 
 
 V. APPEARANCE {lli^. 
 
 looker-on: 1. arbiter, tri {one 
 who takes no part) : v ErE-wrrNKSs. 
 
 2. spectator, /. -trix: or (except 
 in nom. sing.) pres. pait. of specto 
 (with ref. to sights, shows, etc.) : v. 
 spfx;tatok. 
 
 looking (subs.) : I. at, spectatio, Cic. : 
 Vitr. -around, circuraspectus, us, Plin. . 
 -back, respectns, iis, Liv Virg. -up, 
 Buspectus, us, Plin. 
 
 looking-glass ■ spgciilum • v. mir- 
 
 BOR. 
 
 look-out (subs.) ■ Phr. to keep a 
 careful I., omnia circunisi)ectare, Sail. 
 Jug. 72 . Cic. (esp. where alarm or 
 timiditij is implied). 
 
 loom (subs') : 1. tela (.strictly that 
 "huh is wovev ; also somitimes, thf 
 loom itself): Cato K. R. 10, tin. (where 
 tela jupalis una is enumerated in a farm 
 inventory): Ov. M. 6, ?-6. (N.B.— 
 Where the loom is referred to generally 
 tela may be used, without exaitly 
 making it -= textorium instrumcntum 
 to ply the I., telam texere, Ter. Heaut. 
 I, ?, 44; t. exercere, Ov. M. 6, 145 the 
 laboiir of the I , *telae labor.) 2. 
 •textorium instrumentiim (lorcell.). 
 
 loom (''■)•' Phr.: Jorms I. through 
 
 the gloom, 'pei umbrani obscuram vi- 
 dentur facies cf Virg. Aen. 6. 25T atid 
 452 ; *dispiciuntur obscure ingentia per 
 umbram corpora (v gumpse) See also 
 
 TO APPF.AK. 
 
 loon Rituus . V fool. 
 
 loOD (s"bs.): (?)liciiim (bi/ whicJi the 
 threAUls of Ihe warp itw held) : v Diet. 
 Ant. iioi,a. (I.jiqueus is a nf)0.-e.) Or 
 perh. vineulum (ani/ tie or btmd). 
 
 loop ('-■■)•■ ( .') auneclo, vincio, etc. : v. 
 
 TO KA.-TKN, TIE. 
 
 loon-hole' fenestra (any nairow 
 oiM-ninij) : Caes. B. C. 2, 9 (femstrae ad 
 tormenta mittenila). Fenestra is also 
 used fig. = oi'portiinit'i, i{. Ter. Heaut. 
 ?. '1 12. qiianiam f ad nequitiam patv- 
 feceris ; but in somewhat different sense 
 from Kng. a I. of escap'- may be e.\pr. 
 by effiigium: cf Ov. A. A. 2, 21, hos- 
 pitis effugio praestruxerat omnia Minos, 
 i.e. had cut off every I. if escape: so, 
 effugium praeeludere eunti, Lui r. }, 52} 
 (Di.t Cic. in this sense). Phr. not to 
 leave a I. for a defence, defeiisioni locum 
 non relinquere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, ';8, 191 : 
 every I. for escape is cut off from him, 
 tenetur, preniitur, urgetur [iis ci.piis 
 
 ], Cic. Ph. 4, ?, 12 cf. the expr. 
 
 teneniur undique, id. Att. 2, 18, I'jnt. 
 
 loose (adj.): I. Opp. to tight; 
 allowing room and range : 1. laxus 
 a I. shoe, I. calceus, Hor. S. I, ?, <i : to 
 keep a very I. rein, laxissitna.s habenas 
 habere, Cic. Am n, 4; ftig.). 2. 
 
 fiiixus (flowing, slack): I. girdle, f. cinc- 
 tura. Suet. Caes. 45, extr. : a I. thong, f 
 habena, Liv. 58, 29. med. ||. At 
 
 liberty: s6lutus Phaedr. j, -j, 20 (de 
 cane) : may be defined by adding, vin- 
 culis, carcere, etc. : v. to loosen. |||. 
 Flotmng freely : 1. fluxus : v. PLOW- 
 ING (11., 2). 2. passus: as descriptive 
 of hair ; not arranged, dishevelled : ca- 
 pillus p., Ter. Ph. i, 2, 56; crines p., 
 Caes. B. G. i, 51. |V. Of the bowels: 
 fusus, s61iitus ; V. relaxed. V. Of 
 soil sOliitus; Join: soluta et facilis 
 [terraj, CoL }, 14, extr. : Plin^ VI. 
 \ot firmly fastened, shaky : mobilis, e 
 I. teeth, m. denies, Plin. 21, Ji, 105 } 180. 
 VII, .\ot chaste, dissolute: diss5- 
 luius v. dissolute, profligate. 
 
 loose, break: erumpo, j: v. to 
 
 BREAK LOOSE. 
 
 , let : 1. emitto, J . V. GO (to 
 
 let '. 2. immitto, j (to let go upon 
 or against) ; to let I. the iei>'S, i. habenas, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 662 : Plin. min. 
 
 loose, loosen (i'-)- I. To render 
 loose, slacken . 1. laxo, 1 : to loosen 
 
 reins, frenos (habenas) I., Lucan i, 125 : 
 cf Virg. G. 2, }JI. laxant arva sinus, of 
 the stiff soil loosening itsilf before the 
 genial breath of spring : v. to widen. 
 So relaxo. cf. Cic. N. D 2, 55, i j8, 
 where &e relaxare is opp to se astrin- 
 gere. 2. rfimitto, 3 ; to tighten or 
 
 loosen the reins, habenas vel adducere 
 vel r., Cic. Am. i ?, 45 Ov. Phr: to 
 loosen the soil round the roots of a tree, 
 * solum circa radices arboris leiiiter 
 movere ac sollicitare (cf Virg. G. 2 418, 
 sollicitanda tamen teUus pulvisque mo- 
 vendus): to I. the teeth of any one, 
 alicui dentes labefaeere, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 
 56. II, To unfasten : 1. soiv.., vi, 
 utum, ? : toojie the >^teed that is growing 
 oil, solve senesceiitem equum, Hor. Ep. 
 1, I, 8 . to loosen a hound, ranem s., 
 Phaedr. }, "j, 20 see also to intie. So 
 resolvo, ?: to loosen yirt raiment, cinc- 
 tas r. vestes, Ov. M. 1, !82: Cat. 2. 
 
 laxo, I (rare in ;his sense): to loosen 
 l.~nots, nodos I., Lucan 4, 6 J2 : but in 
 this sense, relaxo is perh. better : to 
 loosen the fastenings ol a tunic, timicae 
 vincU r., Ov, F. 2, ?2I : Lucr. 3, 
 
 refigo, ! : v, to in fasten. 
 
 loosel" : I. Vnco'i fined : laxe 
 
 Lucan 4. 451 (al. laxas") and ace. to L. G. 
 J 541, the adjj. linder loo.se. 111., may 
 otteii lie used where Eng. idiom would 
 require an adv. ||. In an iiregular, 
 
 caieless manner : srilute : Sen. N. (J. 6, 
 ?o (negligentius s.ilutiu-que composital. 
 Al-~o, dissolute, which is used by Cic. in 
 this sense v. i.axly (1). |||. Immo- 
 
 rally : (lerh. perdlte (I'n an abandoned 
 manner) : Cic. 7o lire I., 'Ub rius ac 
 gerere ; p.'avis t. dissolutis nionbus esse. 
 
 looseness : I Opp. t« tightness 
 
 expr. I'y verb the^e Jollowt a I. of the 
 sinews, 'sequitur ut relaxentnr (nimis 
 remittantur) nervi . v to i«06KN || 
 Of the bowels lusa alvus, Cels. 2, "j 
 med. Phr.: those 1/ ho have suffered 
 from I. of the bo tls in youth, quibu-s 
 juvenibus fluxit alvus. CeU. I, }, a>i In. 
 Ill, Of soil expr by adj. v uxwe, 
 adj- (V.). IV. Shakivess . mobilitas . 
 c. .<?. denlium, Plin. 20. 21, 84. V- Of 
 morals : dissoluii m<>ies v. uiasoLUTK. 
 
 loosening: expr. by verb: v, to 
 lo-isen. 
 
 loo off (i'.) ■ 1. praecido. } (to 
 am/nUate the extremity of am/thing): 
 V. TO cut off. 2. amputo i (esp. in 
 pruning): to I. off useless ttoughs. in- 
 utiles ramos a., Hi^r. Epod. 2, 1 1 : Cic 
 
 lop-sided; perh. InaequalU, e: v. 
 
 LNEVKN. 
 
 loquacious : 1. i&quax, acis 
 (^lond of talking : implying something 
 ol blame) ; oUt-age is naturally a little 
 I., senectus est nalura loquaclor, Cic. 
 .Sen. 16, 55 : Virg. 2. gariulus ilond 
 of chattering and gostiping) Ter. . 
 Hor, 3, verbosus (exi/ressed with 
 
 many rrords, written or sj/o'.en) : cf. 
 Cic. Kam •;. 9,,^".. verbosa epistola, i. c. 
 a Ungthy Utter, vith much dietail. 4. 
 nimius sermonis (too gri-at a talker), 
 Tac. H. J, 15 (better perh., nimius in 
 loquendo; cf. nimius in honoribus de- 
 cemendis, Cic. ad Br. i. 15, init.). 
 
 loquaciously Wquacitei :Cic: Hor. 
 
 loquacity : 1. lOquacitas : Cic. 
 
 Leg. I, 2, 7 ynint. 2. garrulTtaa 
 
 (proneneKs to idle talk) : Sea. Cons. 
 
 Helvid. 16, 14. 
 
 lord (subs.) : I. A master ■ d5mi- 
 nus : V. MASTER. ||. Specially, as 
 appellation of Deity: Dominus; Vulg. 
 pass. Ill, As title of nobility : d6ml- 
 nus: M. L. 
 
 lord (" ) •■ 1. dominor, i : foil, by 
 in and abl. : to I. it over the liivs and 
 fortunes of men, in capite fortunisque 
 hominum d., Cic, yuint. 30, 94 . by 
 inter • to I. it amongst pfopl<, inter 
 homines d., Oes. B. G. 2, 31 : also, by 
 in and ace. (ol persons), Liv. 3, 53 : Ov. 
 2. imperito, I (with dat.) : cf. Liv. 
 21, I, victis superbe avareque impe- 
 ritare v. to rlle. 
 
 Lord's-SUPPer: coenaDi mini: Corp. 
 Conf ; also, coena Dominica, Vulg, i Cor. 
 xi. 20. 
 
 lordly : nearest words, porh. regius, 
 regalis v, kovai.. 
 
 lordship: I. dominion : d6m\n&- 
 tus.us; imperium: v. im.mimi.n, power. 
 To exercise I., dominari ; v. to lobo. 
 II, As title of rank: v. highness 
 (JI.). Often vir egregius may serve: 
 being a title of rank in ilie later Empire. 
 V. Forcell. s. v. egngius, ad fin. 
 lore: doctrina- v. leakmng. 
 lorn ; perditus • V, F0".LORN. 
 lose: I. To part uttli uninten- 
 
 tionally; to let dip: amitto, misi.ssum, 
 5 : to /. erne's wits along u-ith one's 
 wealth, consilium cum re a.. Per. Eun. 
 2, 2, 10 to I. so i,ood an ni^iortunity, 
 taniam nccasioni m a., ib. ?. ;. 58 ■ Cic. 
 tn I. sight of any (»if, iiliquem e conspectu 
 a., Ter. Eun. 2, ?, 2. ||. To forfeit, 
 
 experience loss of, in busivts.^, rtc. : 1. 
 perdo, didi, ditiini. ? (impl.ving entire 
 loss .ir destruction of turn- thii g valued) . 
 to I. (uttMy) the f uiis of industry, 
 fructus indiismae p . Cic. Fam 4. 6: to 
 I. a cause al taic.cjiusani p., C1c. R. Com. 
 4, init. . of losing at play, Ov A. A- 
 I, 451. Stronger is dep ido, 3 . Cic 
 lYov. Cons. 5,11 2. amit o, ? (often 
 of acculeidal loss; whereas perdo ia 
 mostly to lose blamaHy or nilfuUy; 
 also, amitto may impiy the }>o>s>bilUy 
 of recovery : ci. supr. I ) . to I. the fran- 
 ihise, civlt.item a., Cic. de Or. i, 40. 182 
 to I. a house On /ir', domum imvndio a. 
 Suet. Cl. 6. (Ill Cic. K. C-ra. 4, init., 
 occur iKiih causam perdere [supr. 1], 
 and causam amittere • the latter simply 
 451
 
 LOSS 
 
 LOUSE-WORT 
 
 LOVE-POTION 
 
 = causa cadere. to be cast in a suit , the 
 fonner, to lose it through miscondu^.t in 
 the defence.') 3 jacturam facio, pa- 
 tior . V. LOSS (II„ 3). III. To suffer de- 
 struction of a part of the body or of life 
 
 1. pass, of capio, ; . to J. ojie eye, 
 alterooculocapl, Llv 22,2,ei<r : having 
 lost the use of eyes awl ears, oculis et 
 auribus captus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 117 : 
 that fiat lost the use of reason, mente 
 captus, Cic. Ac. 2, n, 5J. (N.B. — This 
 use is most common in p. part.) 2. 
 amitto, J : to I. (the use of) one's eyes, 
 himina a., Cic. Tusc. 5, jg, 114; aspecium 
 a., ib. 1, ^o, 7; . to I. strength and flesh, 
 vires et corpus a., Cic. Fam. i, 26 : to I. 
 (or part iiith) life, vitam a., Cic. : Sail. 
 
 3. perdo, 5 (comp. siipr II., syn.): 
 in his second campaign he l^st his right 
 hand, secundo stipendio dextram manum 
 perdidit, Plin. 7. 28, 29. |V. To be 
 bereaved of: amitto, j Ctc. Fam. 4. 6 : 
 Suet, (but filium amittere may also be 
 used in sense I. : cf. PI. Capt. prol. 2j). 
 See also to bereave. V- Milit. term 
 to experience diminution of force .- 1. 
 amitto, J . Liv. 21, }8, med.: ib. 22, }, 
 init. (not used of loss by actual fight- 
 ing). So to I. a totrn, oppidum a,, Sail. 
 Jug. 97 : Cic. 2. desidero, i : in that 
 battle he lost not more than 200 men, in 
 eo proelio non amplius CC. mi'.ites de- 
 sideravit, Caes. B. C. J, 99 : esp. pass., 
 desiderari, to be lost or missing, id. R G. 
 5, 2?. 3. more freq. expr. by eado, 
 caedo. occido, etc. (when the loss is in 
 actual fight): cf. Liv, 21, 29; 22, 7 ; et 
 pass. VI. In pass., to be lost = to be 
 destroyed, come to nought, be wasted: 
 
 1. pereo, 4, irr. : v. to perish. 
 
 2. intereo, 4, irr. (to come to no- 
 thing ; be utterly lost) : a drop of b)-ine 
 is lost in the vastness of the sea. i. mag- 
 nitudine maris stilla muriae, Cic. Fin. 
 }, 14, init. : of money, to be lost or 
 wasted, Nep. Them. 2: as e.xclam., in- 
 terii (also, peril) I T am lost, ruined! 
 PL: Ter. 3. excldo, di, j (lit. to 
 drop out . hence to be wasted or thrown 
 away) : to be lost or spilt upon the 
 ground, ex. aut in terram defluere, Cic. 
 Am. 17, 58. 4. defluo, xi, xum, j (to 
 be speid and wasted) : cf. pieced, ex. : 
 Sail. Mi see 11. Phr. : trees I. their 
 leares, arborihns folia decidimt, cadunt ; 
 nudaiitur foliis arbores, (arbores) folia 
 deperdunt, Plin. 16, 22, J4 : to I. colour, 
 palleacere (v. pale, to become) ; of per- 
 sons, sanguine ex ore decedente palles- 
 cere, Grell. 19, 4 (see also to fade) . to I. 
 one's way, errare, less freq. deerro, Cic. 
 (v. to ■wande*; astray): to I. hope, I. 
 heart, animo cadere, animum despondere 
 (v. to DisconRAGE, despond) : to I. a 
 throne, regno excidere. Curt. 10, 5, ad 
 fin. : everything here has lost interest, hie 
 omnia jacent, Cic. Fam. 8, 6, ? ; to I. 
 sight of land, (terram) abscondere (poet.), 
 Virg. Aen. j, 291 (comp. supr. I.): the 
 river is lost in morasses, (fiunwn) palu- 
 dibus hauritur.Tac G. r : to give up any- 
 thing as lost, desperare (v. to DESPAm), 
 deplorare (not in Cic): given up for lost 
 by the physicians, a medicis deploratus, 
 Plin. 7, 50, 51 : to be lost in thought, in 
 cogitatione defixum esse, Cic. de Or. }, 
 
 5. n- 
 
 loss : I. rft€ act of losing : amis- 
 sio- Cic: Plin. (But usu. e.xpr. by 
 verb : on account of the I. of his patri- 
 mony, patrimonio amisso : with the I. of 
 100 men, C. militibus caesis, occisis, de- 
 Sideratis, etc.: v. to lose, throughout.) 
 II, The damage sustained: 1. 
 damnum (opp. to lucrum: esp. loss in 
 business, etc.): to incur some I., aliquid 
 damni contrahere, Cic. Fin. 5, jo, 91 : 
 to suffer a I., d. facere, Cic. Br. JJ, 125; 
 accipere, Hor. Ep. i, 10, 28- cf. Phaedr. 
 1, 28, 10. 2. detrimenium (damage, 
 injury; as opp. to emolumentum, gain, 
 profit : cf. Cic. Fin. j, 21, 69) to sustain 
 I. (or damage), d. capere, accipere, Cic. 
 Fam. 10, 18 ; ib. 24, extr. 3. jacliira 
 (strictly, the throwing overboard of part 
 of a cargo to save tlie rest) : in commer- 
 cial sense, to incur some I., J. aliquam 
 facere, Cic. Att. 12, 29; Col Join: 
 4J» 
 
 ;jactiirae et detrimenta [rei familiaris], 
 Auct. B Alex. 49. 4. intertrimenlum 
 (loss from near and tear: rare): no I. 
 vhatever (in using gold ornamentally), 
 I nihil inlertrimenti, Liv 54, 7 : in gen. 
 1 sense, not vnthnut great I., non sine i. 
 niagno, Ten Heaut. i, i, J9 cf. Parry, 
 ad 1. Also, intertritura. Dig. |||. 
 
 Milit. term the I. of a battle, adversa 
 pugna (v. DEFEAT) the I. was about 
 equal an either side, caedes prope par 
 utrinque fuit, Liv. 21, 29. cf. to lose 
 (^ )■ IV. Perplexity : in phr. to be 
 at a I.: Phr.: the physicians are at a 
 I., nee medici se inveniunt, Petr. 47 ; 
 Sen. • he is utterly at a I., haeret in 
 salebra, Cic (v. to gravel, 11.): also 
 expr. by dubius, incertus, etc. : v. ttn- 
 certain; to hesitate. 
 
 lot : I. decision by hazard : sors, 
 tis,/. : cf. Cic. Div. 2, 41, init. : the mat- 
 ter is ultimately decided by I., res revo- 
 catur ad s., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, 127 : the 
 pi. often denotes the billets used in drau'- 
 ingl.s: hence, to droi« l.s, sortitws utl 
 (gen. term), Cic. Div. 2, 41, 87 : more 
 precisely, sortes miscere et ducere (to 
 shuffle and draw), ib. ^ 86: but also 
 sortem ducere Qsors ducitur], Cic. Verr. 
 4, 64, 14; . the abl. is used adverb. : he 
 got the proinnce of Sicily by I., ei sorte 
 provincia Sicilia obvenit, ib. 2, 2, 6, 17. 
 To decide by I., sortior, 4 : foil, by rel. 
 clause, Cic. N. D, i, J5, 98 (non consi- 
 derare sed quasi sortiri quid loquarc) : 
 also with inter se, id. Fat. 20, 46 : Liv. : 
 also to obtain by I. (with ace), Liv. 59, 
 45 : hence, the act of casting lots or de- 
 ciding by lot, sortitio, PI.: Cic: also 
 (not in Cic), sortitus, us, PI. : Virg. : adv. 
 sortito, by casting I, : to be chosen by I., 
 sortito ciipi, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, 126. 
 Fig.: it falls to any one's J., contingit 
 (with dat): v. to happen (2). ||, 
 Fortune, circumstances : 1. sors (poet, 
 and late) ; content ivith one's I., sorte 
 contentus, Hor. Sat. 1, i,init. -. Tac. 2. 
 fortiina; v. fortune. (In this sense 
 the word need often not be expressed 
 literally : which of these two has the 
 more enviable I.? uter horum beatior? 
 O happy I. of the husbandman I for- 
 tunatos agricolas ! Virg. G. 2, 458.) 
 III. A portion; esp. of land: agel- 
 lus, modus agri v. plot. At an auc- 
 tion, titiilus (?). 
 
 loth (^./O • invitus: v. unwilling. 
 
 lotion : linimentum : cf. likiment. 
 
 lottery : sortes, sortitio : v. lot (I.). 
 
 lotus : lotos and lotus, i, /. : Plin. 
 The l.-eaters, lotophagi, orum, and on : 
 Plin. 5, 4, 4: Ov. 
 
 loud: 1. clarus (distinctly audi- 
 ble) : with a I. voice, c. voce [ut omnis 
 contio audire posset], Cic. Clu. 48, 1 14 : 
 Caes. So, with a I. voice, clarg (adv ) : 
 Hor. Ep. I, i6, 59. 2. magnus (of 
 the voice raised beyond an ordinary 
 pitch of loudness) : having said this 
 with a I. voice, haec quum m. voce dlx- 
 isset, Qjes. B. G. 4, 25 : Cic. A I. cry, 
 clamor): v. shout, crt. 
 
 loudly: magna voce: Caes. B. G. 4, 
 25: V. preced. art (Clare = a^oud, as 
 distinct from an undertone or whisper : 
 cf. Hor. Ep. 1. I.) Validius elamare, 
 Phaedr. ?, 16, 6 = to o-y more lustily, 
 vigorously. 
 
 loudness: magnttudo (e. g. vocis): 
 Auct. Her. j, 11, 20. (Or expr. by 
 
 adj.) 
 lo 
 
 altitonans, ntis. 
 
 oud- roaring 
 
 (poet.) . Lucr 
 
 lounge (v.) . 1. perh. vagor, i (to 
 stroll about): cf. Hor. S 1,6, 122 see 
 also TO idle. 2. desideo, sgdi, 2 (to 
 be idle, inactive, iraste time): cf. Ter. 
 Hec. 5, J, 2, frustra ubi totum desedi 
 diem : so, to I. at a shoiv, in spectaculo 
 d.. Sen. Ep. 7, 2 : v. to idle. 
 
 lounge : leetus, lectiilus : v. couch. 
 
 lounger ; ambillator (one who is 
 given to gad about) : Cato, R. R. 5, 
 init.- Mart. 
 
 louse: p6diculu8. Cels.. Plin. In 
 pi. pedes, um, m.: PL Cure 4, 2, 13: 
 Varr. 
 
 louse-wort : herba p6diciilaris : Col. 
 
 lousy: pediculosua: Mart. 
 lout (suhs.) : homo agrestis, mstTcas 
 V clown 
 lout ("•) V. to bow (II.). 
 loutish : agrestis, rusticus : v 
 
 CLOWNISH. 
 
 love (subs.) 1. amor (in all senses!): 
 foil, by in or erga and ace, or by gen. . 
 our I. toieards you, noster in te a., Cic. : 
 to fed I. for any one, a. erga aliquem 
 habere, Cic. : but when the object is not 
 a person, the gen. only should be used : 
 e. g. the I. of Icnmvledge, of glory, etc., 
 a. rognilionis, gloiiae, etc., Cic. pass, to 
 fall in love at first sight, uno aspeetu in 
 a. incidere, Cic Inv. i, 4J, 80; to lie 
 deeply in I. icith any one, amore aliciijus 
 ardere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, 116. 2. 
 caritas (lit. dearness : hence, affection 
 attachment, arising out of the sense o, 
 worth in any person or thing) : the I. oj 
 children and parents for each other, ea 
 c. quae inter natos et pareiites est, Cic. 
 Am. 8, 27 : same constr. as amor: I. for 
 one's country, erga patriam e., Liv. i, 
 J4, med.: but the gen. is more freq., 
 e. g., I. for country and kindred, c. pa- 
 triae et suorum, Cic. Off. ?, 27, 100: 
 Vulg. I Cor. xiii.: Scrr. Eccl. 3. 
 
 stiidiura (eager desire for, or interest in, 
 persons or things; esp. the latter): v. 
 zeal, fondness (2), devotion. Phr.: 
 to fall in I. juiWi, aflamare. v. to fall 
 (in love with). (N.B. — For foue as term 
 of endearment, v. darling.) 
 
 love ("•): I. '/'" /«'"' attachment 
 for: 1, amo, i (to I. affectionately 
 and warmly : cf. inf. 2): tite boys I. each 
 other, pueri inter se amant, Cic Att. 6, 
 I, 9: to I. heartily, ex animo a., id. C^. 
 Fr. 1,1, 5 : to I. any one spexially, ali- 
 quem singular! amore (unice) a., Cic 
 Fam. i>, 20. Join: amare (aliqueui) 
 carumque habere, Cic. Att. 2, 20. Coraps. 
 (1) deamo, i (to I. passionately): Pi.: 
 Ter. (2) redamo, i (to I. in return) : 
 Cic. Am. 14, 49 (an unusual expr.). 
 2. diligo, exi, ectum, ? (to I. dis- 
 creetly, but without warmth : to esteem 
 highly) : cf. Cic. Fam. I }, 47, eum a me 
 non diligi solum, sed etiam amari : 
 amare and diligere are often Joined : cf. 
 ib. 15, 7, te semper amavi dilexique : 
 Ter. ; tlue Gods I. each other and provide 
 for men, Dii inter se d. et hominibus 
 consuhint, Cic. N. I), i, 44, 122 / I. 
 them both extremely, ego anibo unice di- 
 ligo, id. Fam. 5, 8, 2 : to respect and I. 
 as a father, sicut parentem et observare 
 et d., ib. paulo infr. 3. aniplexor, i 
 (to cling to and make much of): cf 
 Cic. Q. h'r. 2, 12, med., Appius totum me 
 amplexatur. 4. depSreo, 4, irr. (lit. 
 to be dying for : hence, to be passUmatety 
 enamoured of) : foil, by ace of direct 
 object, PL Cist. 1. }, 4? : but in prose, 
 deperire amore alicujus, Liv 27, 15, 
 med. . also foil, by in and aid.. Curt 8 
 6. 5. like preced. ardeo, si, sum, 2 • 
 with direct occ., Virg. E. 2. i . in prose 
 better, ardere amore alicujus. Curt 8, 6: 
 also, fagrare amore aliinjns, Cic. Tust 
 
 4. }?, 71. Phr.. they I. each other, 
 uterque utrique cordi est, Ter. Ph. 5, j, 
 n ; cf. tn/r. (11., 2). ||. To take plea- 
 sure in : often foil, by inf. : 1. expr. 
 byjfivat, delectat, i (with ace. of per- 
 sonal subject) : cf. Hor. 0<1. i, i, init. : 
 Ov. R. Am. lOJ: v. TO DELIGHT. (N.B. — 
 The use of amo in similar sense ^= soleo, 
 is purely poet . cf. Hor. Od. ), i6, 10.) 
 
 2. expr. by cordi est (with duit. of 
 person ^= it is to the taste of): he al- 
 ways l.d an austere life, sibi vitam 
 semper borridam cordi fuisse, Cic Quini 
 }o, 9J- Hor. 3 giudeo, gavlsus, 2 
 (to rejoice in) : to I. the country, rure g., 
 Hor. S. I, 10, 45: also foil, by inf.: v. 
 
 TO REJOICE. 
 
 love-aiFair; v. amouk. 
 love-feast: agape, es,/.: Tert 
 love-knots : incantata vinciila: Hor. 
 
 5. I, 8, 49 cf. Virg. E. 8. 78 
 love-letter ; *6pist61a amatoria ; Ut 
 
 terae amatoriae (Cic. has epistola ama- 
 torle scripta, a letter written in lover^ 
 style. Ph. 2, 31, 77). 
 
 love-potion ; 1, Smatorium : to
 
 LOVE-POEM 
 
 I.OWLIN ESS 
 
 tUCK 
 
 ffive any one a I., alicui a. dare, Quint. 
 1,9,2: Plin. : also, araatoriiim medica- 
 mentum. Suet, Cal. 50; amatorium ve- 
 nenum (cf. Plin. 9. 25, 41, amatxiriis vene- 
 ficiis liifamis. i. e. notorious for use in 
 love-potions) : or amatorium poculuni, 
 Paul, in Forcell. (amatorium being 
 strictly neut. of adj.). 2. philtrum 
 (Ur. ^iK-rpov rare) : Ov. A. A. 2, 105 : 
 Juv. (in both cases pi.). 
 
 love-poem : carmen amatorium : cf. 
 Cic. Tusc. 4. jj, extr., Anucreontis tota 
 poesis est amatorla; or carmen 6r6ti- 
 cum : cf. (iell. 19, 9. 
 
 loveliness : 1. vJnusUs ^beauty 
 and grace): Join: venustas et pul- 
 chritudo, Cic. Off. i, z"], 95: cf- grace 
 (V., 3). 2. "leton. Venus, firis, /. : 
 Hor. Od. 4, 15. 17. See also beacty. 
 3. anioenitas (stricllj', of places 
 and natural scetiery) : extienu I. of a 
 river, snmraa fluminis a., Cic. Q. Fr. j, 
 
 1, init. : also in pl., I of shores, coastf, 
 arioenitates orarum et litorum, Cic. N. D. 
 
 2, J9, 100: PI. 4. araabilltas (rare): 
 Pi. Stich. 5, 4, extr. 
 
 lovely : 1. amaWlis, e (of a na- \ 
 ture to excite love): Lucr. I, J4: Cic. 
 2. vgnustus (grateful, charming) : 
 (Venus) loveliest goddess, venustissima, 
 
 PI. Poin. 5, 4, 5 : Cic. : V. GEIACEFDL. 3. 
 
 amoenus (strictly, of scenery): v. de- 
 lightful. 
 
 lover: I. One who is fond of 
 
 anything: 1, amator, /. -trix : a I. 
 of peace, pacis a., Cic. Att. 14, 10 ; of 
 the country, runs a., Hor. 2. amans, 
 stiidiosus : v. fond of, devoted. P h r. : 
 such a I. of truth, adeo veritaiis dlligens, 
 Nep. Epara. ?. ||. One uho is in 
 
 love: 1. amans, ntis (nsu. d the 
 man : but in pl. including lioth sexes) : 
 nothing more cruel titan a I., nihil dii- 
 rlus amante. Prop. : l.s' quarrels, aman- 
 tium irae, Ter. Andr. j, j. 2J : Ov. 2. 
 amator (a wooer) : esp. in bad sense, a 
 paramour: Cic. Coel. 2o, 49: Hor. 
 Fem. aniatrix : PL : Mart. 
 
 loving ( part, adj.) : \. Fond of : 
 amans, intens. pgramans; stiidiosus: 
 V. FOND OF. II, Affectionate: imans: 
 most gentle and I. ivords, lenissima et 
 amantissmia verba, Cic. Fam. ;, 15. 
 Phr. : to be very I. with a try one, ali- 
 quem osculari atque araplexari, Ter. 
 Heaut. ;, 1, 27. 
 
 loving - kindness : misencordia : 
 Vulg. I's. Ixii. 4. 
 
 lovingly: amanter: Cic: Tac. Very 
 I., peramanter : Cic. 
 
 low (ailj) : \. In a depressed posi- 
 tion : 1. humilis, e (denoting usu. 
 that which itself has little altitude: but 
 also in pres. sense) : in the l.est ground, 
 humillimo solo. Just. 2, i : I. (■=Jlying 
 low) with dipt wings, decisis humileni 
 peimis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50 Virg. 2. 
 demissus : I. vuirshy ground, loca d. ac 
 palustria, Caes. B. C. j, 49. 3. de- 
 pressus : to pitch a camp in I. ground, 
 d. loco castra ponere. Front. 1. 5, 24. 
 Join: humilis et depressus, Plin. Ep. 
 9, 26, 2. 4. in compar. degree, in- 
 ferior, us (for use of positive see lower. 
 adj.) : from the l.er ground, ex inferiore 
 loco, Caes. B. C. 2, 25 : Cic. So, lowest, 
 inflmus or imus that the earth is the 
 l.est (lody), terram esse infimam, Cic. 
 N. n. 2. 6, 17 : Caes.: to change highest 
 to l.est, ima sunimis nuitan-, Hor. Od. i, 
 }4, fin. Phr.: the I. and level piirts of 
 the city, jacentia et plana \irbls loca, 
 Tac. H. 1 . 86 : along thi- 1, (level) ground, 
 per plana, Plin. Kp 9, 26. 2. ||. Hav- 
 ing in ilsrlf Utile height: 1. hu- 
 milis: a I. iaiver, turris h., Caes. B. C. 
 2, 8 : Virg. 2. demissus (rare In 
 
 this sense) : to sirim across (a river) 
 where tlie banks were l.er, demissioribus 
 ripls tranare, Auct. B. Alex. 29 |||. 
 Of the tide : Vhr.: at I. water, *aestus 
 recessu (dece.ssu); ubi aestus reccssit : 
 V. TIDE. IV. Of sounds: (i.) Urn'- 
 pitched: gravis, e: opp. to acutus (so- 
 nus), Cic. de Or. i, 59, 251. In superl. 
 (besides gravissimus), infimus or imus: 
 Hor. S. I, }, 8. (ii.) not Umd: sum- 
 miBsus : in a I. tone, s. voce, Cic. Or. 17, 
 
 56: a I. murmur, 6. murmur. Quint. 11, 
 J, 45. Adv. summisse, in a I. quiet tone: 
 Cic. To speak in a I. tone, mussare, 
 mussitare, Liv. : see also to whi.sfer, 
 MCTTEiE. V. O*^ price, cheap: vilis, 
 e: V. CHEAP. To be I., jacere: Cic. Att. 
 9, 9. VI- Oumble, obscure : humilis, 
 obscurus, etc. : v. humble (I.). Phr.: 
 people if a l.er class, qui tentiioris or- 
 dinis sunt, Cic. Leg. i, i}, Jo. VII. 
 Degraded, mean : 1. turpis ■ v. base. 
 2. sordidus (esp. with ref. to loir, 
 sitabby conduct) : the Lest of tlie low, 
 sordidissimus quisque, LIv. 1, ^-j, fin.: 
 V. MEAN. 3. inquinatus (foul, pol- 
 luted): a I. verse, versus 1.. Cic. Or. 
 49, i6j. 4. abjectus (without dig- 
 nity): Cic. opt. gen. Or. j, 7. Phr.: 
 to pvjk up a piece of I. abuse, male- 
 dictum ex trivio arripere, Cic. Mur. 
 6, IJ: I. expres.<:ions, verba ex triviis 
 petita, cf Hor. A. P. 245 ; ignomlniosa 
 dicta, ib. 247. (Plebeius semio denotes 
 s\mp\y plain, h(/mely diction; not tow: 
 so. trivialls.) See also vulgar. VIM. 
 Depressed, vanting animation : Phr.: 
 in I. spirits, tristis, moesius: v. sad. 
 See also to disi.-ourage. |X. Nearly 
 exhausted : expr. by def icio, j : tlie sup- 
 ply of provisions was l, *deficiebat res 
 frumentaria: or panim sufliciebat: v. 
 
 TO FAIL. 
 
 low (adv.): I. A'o< aloft: 1. 
 humlliter: Plin. Ep. 6, 24, i (humillime 
 depriml, tig.): Pall. 2. expr. by hu- 
 milis, e (cf L. G. § J4J) : the bird flies I., 
 avis h. volat, Virg. Aen. 4, 255. 3. 
 demisse : Ov. Tr. j, 4, 2J. 4. as 
 compar. inferius (lower) ; Ov. M. 2, i J7. 
 II. In a suppressed voice : sunmiisse, 
 summissa voce : v. low, adj. (IV.). 
 
 low (''•): niugio, 4: Liv. Also, mu- 
 gitum edere, Ov. M. 7, 597; dare, id. 
 F. I, 560; tollcre, Virg. Aen. 2, 22}. 
 
 low-bom: degener, ens: Tac. 
 
 lower (adj.): |. In looil sense: 
 
 I. inferus (situated below) : esp. in 
 phr., inf mare, the I. (Tuscan) sea, Plin. 
 }, 5, 10 : Mela : the I. regions, inferi, 
 orum (v. infernal). See also ixiw, adj. 
 (I., -4). 2. infemus (like preced.): 
 the I. regions, inf partes, poet, in Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 44, 114: Liv. As subs, infenia, 
 orum, the I. parts of the body, Plin. 
 
 II. Socially: Phr.: the I. classes, 
 vulgus, i. 71. (rarely m.): cf. Sail. Cat. 
 20, ceteri omnes .... vulgus fuimus (ne 
 u-ere regarded as " the lower classes,") : 1 
 Virg. : also, pleb> (esp. in later writers) : 
 Liv. 5, }<),fin. (multitudo de plebe, opp. 
 to the nobiles). More contemptuously, 
 plebecula. Cic. Att. i, 16, 6: Hor.: also 
 popellus, Hor. Ep. i, 7. 65. 
 
 lower (adv.) : inffirius : v. low 
 (wlc). 
 
 lower ((■): A. Trans.: |. 
 
 To kt diiwn : \, demitto, misi, ssum, 
 J : to I. the fasces, d. fasces, Cic. Rep. 2, 
 ji : to I. the yards, antennas d., Ov. 
 For to loner sails, v. to furl. 2. 
 fubmitto, J : to I. the fasces, fasces s., 
 Plin. II, To drop the voice : submitto, 
 }: Quint i, 8, i. |||. To diininish 
 prices: Phr.: to I. the price of com, 
 pretia frugum levare, Tac. H. 2, 59; 
 majorem annonae vilitatem eflRcere, 
 Cic. Man. i;, 44. IV. To humiliate: 
 1. abjicio, jeci, ctuni, j • he l.'d the 
 authority of the senate, senatus auctori- 
 tatem abjecit, Cic. Ait. i. 18, 4: to I. 
 (degrade) oneself, se abj., Cic. Tusc. 2, 
 2}, 54: Nep. 2. demitto, ?. Tac. A. 
 14, 26 (usque ad servileni patientiam 
 demissus). 3. minuo, imniinuo, j (in 
 connexion with ceriain word.-): v. to 
 rMi'AiR B. Intrans. : to appear 
 dark and threatening : peril, obscfirari 
 (R. and A.). Phr.: the sky U ilarkly, 
 •deiiuntlat coelum obscuratum imbres 
 ac tempestates. 
 
 lowering (<'<y) • mlnax: v. thbeat- 
 ening. .^ti- also dark, cloomv. 
 lowermost: Infimiis: v. u->w (L). 
 lowing (subs.): mugilus, us: v. to 
 
 LOW. 
 
 low-lands : 'oca plana, cainpestria : 
 
 V. I.KVKI., FLAT. 
 
 lowliness : I. ■'-0»' condition : 
 
 biimilitas, obscnrltas: v. hdmbienes«. 
 
 II, In moral sense: animus demis- 
 sus, humlUus (late): v. humiuty. 
 
 lowly: I. •'" ^>"' cundition: hfi- 
 milLs, obsciirus: v. humble (1.). ||_ 
 Thinking humbly of oneself: demlsso 
 animo, hCimilis (iaie): v. humble (II.). 
 
 lowneSS : I. of posilitm: hiimi- 
 lllas: Cic. I>iv. 2, 4J, 91 : but hunjilitas 
 usu. denotes the lowness of an object in 
 itself, not its mere position: the latter 
 may often be expr. by adj. : In demisso 
 s. bumili loco esse, etc.: v. low, adj. 
 (I.). II. Of stature or pei jiendicular 
 dimension: hiimilltas: t. of trees, h. 
 arborum. Sail. Jug. 49 : CjCs. : Cic. 
 
 III, Of birth, origin : L huml- 
 litas : to look down on tlie I. of any one's 
 origin, h. ciyusquam de>picere, Cic. Ph. 
 • J, 10, 2}: more precisely, b. generiis, 
 Sail. Jug. 11 ; h. natalium, I'lin. 2. 
 ignobilitas (Uick of diftinction and emi- 
 nence): I. of ertractit/n, ign. generis, 
 Cic. Jlur. 8, 17 (but ibe term d<»es not 
 denote so humble a positi'.n as the 
 Kng.). 3. obsciiritas : v. oBriccRiry. 
 
 4. sordes, ium (extreme I.) : v. 
 meanness. IV Of price : viliias : 
 
 V. CHEArNESS. V. Of «entinie7i(, etc. : 
 
 V. MEANNF..S,S, VULGARITY. 
 
 low-spirited : jacens, animo de- 
 mlsso s. afllicto : v. dejected. 
 
 lOW-thoUghted : perh. sordidua (» 
 meau): or more precisely. *humilia CO- 
 gitans ; nihil ahum spirans. 
 
 loyal ; fidelis, e (nearest word) : 
 more precisely, fidelis In reges ; fideliter 
 animatus erga dominos. 
 
 loyally : fideliter : V. LOYAL. 
 
 loyalty: fides s. fidelitas in reges 
 (dominos). 
 
 lozenge: I. A figure: sciitulai 
 Tac. Agr. 10: Vitr. (Math. t. t., 
 rhombus : Front. Goes. p. }(>.) ||, A 
 comfit: perh. pastlllus: cf. Hor. S. 1, 
 2, 27 : Plin. 
 
 lozenge-shaped : scutuiae fonnam 
 habens : cf. Tac. Agr. 10. 
 
 lubber : stipes, caudex, etc. : v. 
 
 BLtXKHEAD. 
 
 lubberly: perh. stiilidus : v. stupid. 
 lubricate: ungo, xi, ctum, j: v. to 
 
 ANOINT, BESMF-AR. (LubriCO, V. RARE : 
 
 ef Juv. II, 17J.) 
 lubrication : expr. |by ungo, j : v. 
 
 TO ANOINT. 
 
 lucent: IQcens: Ov.: v. lucid. 
 
 lucem; medica: Vii^. G. i, ;i; 
 Plin. 
 
 lucid: I. Shining, bright: lu- 
 
 cldus: Lucr.: Hor.: Ov. : v. bright. 
 
 II, Transparent- liicidus, pellu- 
 
 ClduS. V. TKANSPAKENT. |||. W.sNnC<, 
 
 perspicuous : 1, liicidus (not in Cic.) : 
 I. arrangement, 1. ordo, Hor. A. P. 41 
 a more I. author, lucldior auctor. Quint. 
 2. dilficidus : a simple and I. 'X- 
 planniion, simplex et dilucida exposilio, 
 Auct. Her. 2, 2, J. IV. Hcntally 
 bright; sane: Phr.: when Oie insane 
 have a I. interval, insimi quum relax- 
 antur, Cic. Acad. 2, 17. 5^ : '/ " """*- 
 man has a I. interi-al, si furiosus Inter- 
 missionem habet, Ulp. I'ig- z8, 1, 20. 
 
 lucidly: 1. liJcide: to define a 
 
 word I., 1. verbum detinire, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 
 25, !08: to speak l, 1. dlcere. Quint. 
 
 Join: Let plane (dlcere). Cic 2. 
 
 dilucide : to explain I., d. explicare, Cic. 
 
 Div 1,51,117: Liv. See also CLEARLY. 
 
 Lucifer: I 'r'"' moming-Uar: 
 
 1 Lucifer, in, m. : Cic N. n. 2. 
 
 2% fin.: Virg.:_Ov. 2. Pli'*pb6rus: 
 
 Mart. 3 E6u>: Virg. G. i, 288 
 
 II. ."^atan: Lucifer: Vulg. tJB. xiv. 
 
 12. See also SATAN 
 
 luck: I. <'hance, accident: casus, 
 us ; furs ; fo'rtuna : v. cham e. ||. 
 Fortune, gooil or bad : (i). good luck: 
 felicitas: Cic. Man. 10. 28; fortiina se- 
 cunda- v. pkospebitv. Phr.: may 
 the gods giie you good I. in vhat you 
 undertiike. dii vertant bene quod agas ! 
 Ter. Hec. i, 2, I2i : I "-i^h you gooii I., 
 I say, and I applaud you, feliciier vclim, 
 inquam, teque laudo, Cic. Att. ij, 42: 
 ii-ith gooil I., secundls avibus, Liv. 6, 
 12; bonis avibus Ov F. I, 5«l. 0'). 
 45.'
 
 LUCKI LY 
 
 LUMP 
 
 LURE 
 
 bod luck: infeliciias, I'er. Aii. 4, 2, 5 
 fortuna adversa, ('ic. (a more dignified 
 expr. than the Kng.): ^■. advkrsity. 
 Phr. : to ham bettor I. at dice, prospe- 
 riore alea wti, Suet. Cal. 41: " itlt bcui 
 I., malis avibus, cl. Hor. Od i, 15, 5- 
 
 luckilv: 1. feliiUer: this thing 
 tunud out I. for me, ea. res mihi f.evenit, 
 Cic. Mur. I, I : the fast uind has I. 
 brought you, te f. attulit Eurus, Ov. M. 
 •7, 659. 2- fauste, Cic: v. auspi- 
 ciously. 3. prospgre ; to turn out I., 
 p. evenire, Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 167 : more 
 I, prosperius. <!ill.: most I., prosper- 
 riiiip. Veil. Join: fauste. feliciter, 
 prospeieque, Cic. : bene et feliciter, Cic. 
 
 luckless: infelix: V. UNLUCKY, un- 
 happy. 
 
 lucky : I. Enjoying good foi-- 
 
 tuuf : 1. felix : I. dans, felices 
 
 operum dies, Virg. G. i. 276: cf. Hor. S. 
 
 I, 6, 52 V. FOKTUNATE. 2. foriu- 
 
 nkiwi {faimnred of foi-tune) : v. happy 
 (1., 3). II. Bringing or indicating 
 
 good fortune : faustus, ausplcaius, etc. : 
 V. AUSPICIOUS. Phr.: may this under- 
 taking be a I. one, quod bonum, faustuni, 
 felix "fortunatumque sit ! Cic. Div. i, 45, 
 102. 
 
 lucrative : 1. quaestuosus (esp. 
 
 in tlie way of trade): Cic. Tusc. i, 31, 
 init. 2. fructuo.sus: v. p :oi[tabi.f,. 
 3, lucrosus (poet, and late) : I. 
 pleasure, 1. volup'as, Ov. A. I, 10, j;: 
 Plin. 4. lucrativus {post Aug.): 
 
 Quint. : v. profitable. 5. nigri- 
 
 toriii.s (by which money is earned) : 
 I. professions (i. e. not pursued mei-eli/ 
 for their O" n sake), m. artificia. Sen. Ep. 
 88, init. Phr. ; a eha7u-e of a I. trans- 
 action, potestas conficiendae pecuniae, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, I ?, } 5 : to exercise so I. a 
 profession, in lanto fiuctu artem ex- 
 ercere, Plin. 
 
 lucre: 1. lucrum, quaestus (nei- 
 ther necessarily implying blame): sell 
 your soul for filthy lucre, \ ende animam 
 iucro, Pers. 6, ^S : v. gain. 2. quaes- 
 tus, us : Cic. Join: quaestus ac lu- 
 crum, Cic. 3. merces, edis, /. (in 
 good or bad sense) : to be perverted to 
 mere I. (of <livinnti'in), ad inercedem 
 atque quuestum abduci, Cic. Div. 1,41, 
 fm. 
 
 lucubrate : 1. lucubro. i (to 
 work by candle-tight) : Cels. i, 2, med. : 
 Plin. min. Also to produce try night- 
 stud 1/, Cic. Par. prooem. : Mart. 2. 
 eliicubro, i (to compose by candle-light) : 
 Cic. Br. 90, extr. : Tac. : Col. 
 
 lucubration: I. ^'i9>'t studu : 
 
 luciihraiio: Cic Div. 2, 68, /n. ||. 
 That iihich is produced by night study : 
 luculiriitio Cic. I'am. 9, 2. Dimin. 
 lucubratiuncula (a trifling I.), Cell. 
 pref. 
 
 luculent : luculentus, clarus : v. 
 
 CLEAR. 
 
 ludicrous: ridlculus: v. RimccLons. 
 
 ludicrously: ridicule, ridlculum in 
 modum : v. ridiculously. 
 
 luff (" ) •■ *■ s- '° ^^^P "• ''♦"■'-'^^ ctose to 
 the uind: Phr.: sinus (velorum) in 
 ventum obliquare, Virg. AerL 5, 16 : 
 *navem ad ventum vertere. 
 
 lug ("■) •■ traho, ? : v. to drag, pull. 
 
 luggage : 1 sarclnae, arum (prop. 
 the laiapsaeks or personal baggage of 
 a soldier) ■■ Caes. 2. impedimenta. 
 
 Drum (esp. of an army) : nith no I., 
 wrilh no Greek companions, nuUis imp., 
 nullis Graecis comitibus. Cic. Mil. 10: 
 v. BAGGAGE (wh're the difference be- 
 tween sarcinae and impedimenta is ex- 
 plained). 3. onus, eris, n. (usu. pi.) : 
 Caes. 4. Instrumentum, Cic Att. 
 
 12, J2. 
 
 lugger : vectortum navigium : Caes. 
 
 lugubrious : liigubi is, flebllis ; V. 
 
 MOURNFUL. 
 
 lukewarm: I. -'^lightly warm: 
 
 1. egglidus (iiitt the chdloff): a 
 
 t. drink, e. potio (et frigidae propior), 
 
 dels. 4, i8,/n.. 2. tgpldus: I. broth, 
 
 t. jus, Hor II. Fig., not zealous: 
 
 L tgpTdus : a I. mind, t. mens, Ov. 
 
 R. Am. O29: to become som-irUat I., 
 
 tepidiorem fieri, PI. 2. frigidus (cold, 
 
 154 
 
 indiflerent: stronger ihan En,;.): a I. 
 accuser, f. accusator, Cic. Q. Fr. j, j, 
 med. Join: nimis lentus et paene 
 frigidus, Cic. Brut. 48, l-jS. 3. lan- 
 
 giiidus (lifeless, lacking energy) : Cic. 
 4. ientus, remissus : v. indif- 
 ferent. Phr.: /. in religion, ciica 
 deos ac religiones negligenlior, Suet. Tib. 
 69 : to make I., tepefacere, Cic. : Virg. 
 (v. TO warm) ; to be I., tepere : v. (warm, 
 TO be). Incrpt. tepescere, Cic. 
 
 lukewarmly : I. R''<'« moderate 
 
 warmth : tepide : Col. : Plin. ||, 
 
 Fig.: icith indifference : 1. frigide : 
 to act I., f. agere, Cic. Fam. 8, 10, j. 2. 
 gglide : to do everytldnu I., omnes res g. 
 niinlstrare, Hor. A. P. ITI. Join: 
 timide gelideque, Hor. 3. languide; 
 Cic. 4. segniter (sfacW.'/) : Liv. 
 
 lukewarmness : I. l^it-- tepor: 
 Cic: Liv. ||. Fig.: 1. lepor 
 
 (rare): Tac Dial. ii,med. (lentitudo ac 
 tppor. nant of life and interest). 2. 
 languor : Cic. Phr.: to exhibit I. in a 
 cause, languido studio in causa esse, Cic. 
 Lig. 9, 28 : I. in religion, *lentus in 
 rebus divinis animus et piene frigidus, 
 cf. Cic. Brut. 48. 178: in the midst if 
 the gene^-al I., languentibus omnium stu- 
 diis, Tac. H. I, jg. 
 
 lull (''.) : I. Trans.: to compose 
 to sleep by a pleasing sound : Phr.: it 
 will I nith light, whispering noise, levi 
 soninum suadebit iiiire susurro, Virg. E. 
 I, 54 : so, somnuni suadere. Stat. Th. 5, 
 616. It. To compose, qmet : sedo, I to 
 
 1. a tempest, tempestatpm s., cf. Cic. Verr. 
 
 2, I, 18, 46: to I. pains, doOres s.,Plin : 
 
 V. TO ASSUAGF,, MITIGATK. ||1. I n- 
 
 trans.: 1. rglanguesco, gui, j (rare) 
 Sen. Q. N. 5, 8, fin. (of the n ind). 2, 
 expr. by pass. refl. ol sedo, i : the storm 
 U. tenipeslas sedatur, Cic. Verr. 2, i, 
 18, 46: the winds having I'd, sedatis 
 ventis, Ov. 3. cado, cficidi, casum, j : 
 the violence of the vind n-as l.'d, venti 
 vis omnis cecidit, Liv. 26, J9 : v. to 
 SUBSIDE. Phr : the wintis l.'d, venti 
 posuere (poet.), Virg. Aen. 7, 27. 
 
 lull {subs ) ; expr. by verb : there is 
 a I. in the wind, venti sedantur, relan- 
 gnescunt: v. to lull. 
 
 lullaby : 1. lallus or lallum : the 
 sleep-lrringing strains of a I., lalli soni- 
 nileri modi, Aus. Epist. 16, 91. 2. 
 
 querela (any plain tice strain) ■ to ini'ite 
 sleep by a I'ing I., longa sonmum suadere 
 q., Stilt. Til. ;, 616. Phr.: to sing a I., 
 lallo, I : Pers. j, 18. 
 
 lumbago: lumbago, inis,/.: Fest. 
 
 lumbar: (peitaining to the loins): 
 expr. by gen. of lumbus v. loin. (Or 
 perh. lumbaris, e: a sul>s lunibire, is, 
 n., an apron fcrr the loins, occurring in 
 late Lat.) 
 
 lumber (siiJ>s.) : 1. scruta, orum, 
 n. pi. (old goods, trumpery tea/ es) : Hor. 
 Ep. I, 7," 65 : Pelr. 2. *supellex 
 
 obsoleta ; instrumenta dome>tica ob- 
 soleta. 
 
 luminarv : |, Lit.; lumen, Inis, 
 n. : Virg. G. i, 6 : Ov. ||. Fig.: 
 
 liimen : those 7nost distinguishni men, 
 the l.s of the state, praestjiiitissimi viri, 
 lumina reipublicae, Cic. Ph. 2, i;. 57: 
 used ironically, id. MiL 12, extr. (lumen 
 curiae). 
 
 luminous : |. L i t. : gii-ing light : 
 illustris, lucldus, etc. : v. bright. Phr.: 
 the glow-norm's tail is I., *ciciiidelae 
 Cauda lucc-ni in se habet ; propria luce 
 splendescit. ||, Fig.: dilucidus, etc. : 
 V. lucid (II.). 
 
 luminously : HJcide, diludde (fig.) : 
 
 V. lucidly, CLEARLY. 
 
 lump (siibs.) : I. A small mass : 
 
 1. gleba or glaeba (strictly, of earth : 
 hence of any similar snbsttnce) : l.s of 
 t'dlo'r and pitch, sevi ac picis gl., Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 25 : a I. of salt, g. sails, Plin. 
 Dimin. glebula (a small I.) : Viir. 2. 
 niassa (of dough, etc.) : a I. of pitch, m. 
 picis, Virg. G. I, 275 : a I. of cheejse, m. 
 lactis coacti, Ov. Dimin. massula (a 
 small I.): Col. 3. offa (ball-shaped, 
 rolled in the hand) : gum rolled in l.s, 
 gummi in oSFas convolutum, Plin. 12.9, 
 19. II, A mass of promiscuously mixed 
 
 things : conggries, ei : Ov. M. i, jj : ia 
 same sense, massa, ib. 70 : v. heap. 
 Phr.: in the I. (or gross), per saturam. 
 Sail. Jug. 29 : also may be freq. expi. 
 by universus : cf. Ter. Ph. i, i, 9. 
 
 lump (I')' c6acervo, i : v. to heap. 
 
 lumpisb : I. ^« lumps, thick: 
 
 crassus : Cic. ||. Stupid : 1, hfibes, 
 etis: a I. fellow, h. homo, Cic 2. 
 
 crassus: the I. crond, c. turba. Mart. 
 3. stolidus: Join: inUocti sto- 
 lidique, Hor. Ep. 2, i, 184. 4. stu- 
 pidus : Join: stupidus et bardus, Cic. 
 
 Fat. 5, 10: V. DULL, inactive. 
 
 lumpy : 1. glebosus ( lorming dj 
 clods) : I. earlh, terra g , Phn. 2. 
 
 ♦glebis s. massis abundaiis. glebis plentis. 
 
 lunacy: 1. alienatio memis Cels. 
 
 2. alieniltio: Sen. 3. *selenias- 
 
 mus (med. t. t.) : v. madne»s, insanity. 
 
 lunar : lOnaris. e : the I. orbit, I. 
 cursus, Cic. : a I. lainbon , art us I., Sen.: 
 Phr.: I. year, annus ;id cursus lunae 
 descriptus, Liv. I, 19 (*annus luiiaris, as 
 scient. t. t.) : I. caustic, common term 
 for *argenti nitras, or nitiate of silver 
 (Mayne). 
 
 lunated (formed like a half -moon) : 
 lunatu^: a I. siioid, 1. ferrum, Lucan. 
 
 lunatic (aiJj-) •• Iflnaticus : Paul. Dig. 
 21, 1.4! $6. See also mad, insane. 
 
 lunatic (subs.) ,- homo insanus, fari- 
 
 OSUS : Cic. : V. MAD. 
 
 lunch (subs.) I 1, prandium (a 
 
 luncheon 5 Iwf^t morning meal) : 
 V. BREAKFAST. 2. mfireiida (to'ifin iji 
 the aftenwon ; but be/ ore dinner : rare) : 
 PI. Most 4, }, 27 : Isid. 20, 2, 12. 
 3. antgcoenium (like preced. : rare) : 
 Isid. 1. c. Phr.: to taJce a slight I., 
 gustare, Plin. Ep. j, 5, 11. 
 
 lunch (" ) : 1, prandeo, di, sum, 2 
 (corresponding 10 prandium : \. preced. 
 
 an. 1): V. TO BREAKFAST. 2. I"^" 
 
 rendi), l (cf. preced. art. 2) : Isid. Or. 
 20, 2, 12. 
 
 lung: 1. pulmo, onis, m. : usu. 
 pi., pulmones: diseases of the l.s, pul- 
 monis vitia, Plin. 24, 16, 92: to cure 
 diseases or ueaknesses uf the l.s, pulmo- 
 num incommoda curare, i^l. 28, 7, 2i : 
 ulcers of the l.s, pulmonis ulcera, id. 24, 
 5, 11; piiruieiitae exuUeiaiiones pec- 
 toris pulnmnisque, id. 28, 12, 5! : (medi- 
 cine) very useful for the l.s, uiilissimus 
 pulnionibiis, id. 27, 6. 24 to bring up 
 blood from the l.s. ex pulnioiiibus san- 
 guincni r^icere, cl. id. 27, 6, 24, with 
 Ov. Pont. I, }, 19, "e moUi sanguis pul- 
 mone remissus • " infiammntion of the I., 
 piilniimls inflammatii), Cels. : Cic. 2. 
 (with respect to oratory) : latgra, um, 
 n. pi. : til exert the I.S, latera intindere, 
 Cic. : with a loud voice and good l.s, 
 voce magna et bonis 1., Cic. Sen. 5, 14. 
 
 lunge (subs.) : ictus, iis : v. stroke, 
 
 THRUST. 
 
 lunge (i'-) •• pungo, ? : V. TO STAB. 
 
 lungwort: <on.siligo, inis,/.; Col.: 
 Plin. : (*pulmonaria officinalis, Linn.). 
 
 lunt (th*" match-Cord with which 
 guns are fired) *funiciilus stuppeus, 
 or simply *fiMiiculus. 
 
 lupine : lupinus and lupinum : Calo 
 Plin. L.-seeds, lupina, oi-uiii, Hor. 
 
 lurch (subs.) : I. of a ship : 
 
 *navis subita (in latus) inclinatio. 
 II, Fig: in phr. to leaee in the 
 iurcfc.-'derelinquo j v. to abandon. 
 Phr.: Vie rogue runs off and leaves 
 me in the I., fuglr iniprobus ac me sub 
 cultro linquit, Hor Sat. i, 9, 74: to 
 be left in the I., *in angustiis deseri : 
 
 V. STKAITS. 
 
 lurch (i"-) ■■ perh- *subito inclinarl (in 
 
 latus). 
 
 lurcher: i. ^-'^'^ "'^ waits to 
 
 steal : insidlator, Cic. ||. A land of 
 
 sporting dog: canis (gen. term): v. 
 
 HOUND. 
 
 lure (subt.) : I. L i t. : something 
 
 held out to call a hawk: perh. illex, or 
 illix, icis; v. decoy. ||. Fig.: en- 
 ticement: 1. esca: PI.: Cic: v. bait. 
 2, illScgbrae, arum : v. allure- 
 ment, F.NTrCKMENT. 
 
 lure (i'-) ■• I. Lit.: inesco, i: 
 
 Petr. II. Fig.: allicio, etc: v. to
 
 LURI D 
 
 LUXURIOUS 
 
 LT I NO 
 
 4XLDRE, ENTICE. P h r. : l.d i<>ttA false 
 hopes, spe falsa inducws, Cic. : spc cap- 
 tns iiiaiii, Vlrg. Aeii. ii, 49. 
 
 lurid: luridus {yelUmish-pale; pale 
 to excess) : PI. : Hor. : v. ghastlv. 
 
 lurk : 1. lateo, 2 : a snake l.s in 
 the grass, 1. anguis in herba, Vlrg. E. }, 
 9?. Fig.: war i.« under the name of 
 peace, sub numine pacis belluni 1., Cic. 
 PbiL 12, T, i^: to I. for the purpose 
 of dishonesty, fraudaiinnis causa 1., Cic. 
 Quint. 2J, 14. Frequent, latito, i (to 
 be in the hahit of lurlcimj) : a Ling v-ild 
 boar (i.e. in his lair), latilans aper, 
 Hor. Od. J, 12, II; Cic. 2. dellU'SCO, 
 Utui, ? (do go to hide) : vild beasts I. 
 (hide themselves) in their lairs. l)cstiae 
 in cubilibus d., Cic. X. D. 2, 49, 126. 
 
 lurker : insidiator-. a I. in the high- 
 wai/, insiiliator via>-, Cic. (Or e.xpr. by 
 impel f. part, of iiisidiur, esp. in pl. : 
 L. G. $6?8.) 
 
 lurking (ailj.) .- l. Spertus, (ic- 
 jultus: V. SKCRKT. 2. caecus (not 
 outnardlg lyisihle) : I. syia'.es, c. colubri. 
 Col. 10, 2?i : I. ambush and arms, Insi- 
 diae amiaqiic c, Ov. K. 2, 214. 
 
 lurking (s"'''''-) •■ lutitiitio: Quint. 
 
 lurking-T)lace : 1. latehia, usu. 
 
 pZ. (cblctly of men): to rush front the 
 I., latebrl^ .se oilpcre. Gicn. B. G. 6, 4{: 
 to conceal oneself in l.s, latebris se 00- 
 culUire, Cic. M^ti. ?, 7. 2. latibiiliim 
 (cliiefly (f aniituils) : wild bea.^t.': conceal 
 themselves in l.s. fniae latibulis se te- 
 gunt, Cic. Hub. Post. 15.42. 
 
 luscious : expr. by dulcis, praedul- 
 cls ct. Cic. de Or. ?. 2;, 99, v.ilde dulcis 
 (sosweet as to be I.) ; /. " tries, pra'dnlcia 
 Vina, P In. 14, 6, 8 ^ 64. hxtremeli/ I., 
 samma atqut- acerrima dulcitudine, cf. 
 etc I. c. 
 
 lusciousness : pumma s. nimia dul- 
 citado. cf. Cic. di- Or. ;, 2;, 99. 
 
 lust (subs.) : I. Carnal desire : 
 
 libido, inis, /. • to be inflamed by I., 
 libidine iiccen.li, S ill. Cat. 2; : Cic. ||. 
 Jni/ violent or irregular desire -. 1. 
 libido : the enjmiment (f l.s, fructus libi- 
 dinuni, Cic. (Jat. 2, 4, 8 : to be a slace 
 of I., libidinl parere, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 60: 
 llbidini et ciipidiiati parcre, id. Verr. 2, 
 I, ;i, -S: or libidinibus serv ire, cf. CJic. 
 Am, 22, 82: tn restiain one's l.s, .siias 
 libidiiies cobibere, Cic. Mil. 28, 76 ; 
 2. cu|iidita.s (any desire, good 
 or bad) ; to et/ntml one's l.s, coercere 
 omnes cupidi tales, Cic.de Or. i, 4?, 194: 
 V. PASSION. P b r. : the l.s of the flesh, 
 desideria carnis, Vuljj. Gal. v. 16: the I. 
 of the flesh and the I. of the eyes, aiucu- 
 piscentia carnis, et concupiscentia ocu- 
 lorum, I Job. ii. 16. 
 
 lust ("■) •■ concupisco, } (in good or 
 bad sense) : v. to dksmsr. 
 
 lustful : 1. libidinosus (of men 
 
 and animals) : a I. man, homo 1., Cic. : 
 a I. goat, caper 1., Hor.: (of tilings), I. 
 pleasures, I. voluptates, Cic. Fin. i, i8, 
 59: /. and intemperate ijouth, 1. et in- 
 temperans adolesctntia, id. Sen. 9, 29. 
 2, salax,aci8: Hor.: Ov. : v. lasci- 
 vions. 3. impudicus; impurus: v. 
 UNCHASTE. 4. deliciitus (prop, soft, 
 Inxwious, delicate; then nanton, lust- 
 fnl) : Cic. : V. wanton. 5. expr. by 
 pbr. : libidine accensus. Sail. Cat. 25: ad 
 voluptates propensus, Cic. Off. i, jo, 105 : 
 (animus) libidini deditus, Cic. Coel. 19, 
 45: corporis gaudiis deditus, Sail. J. 2. 
 
 lustfully : libidinose : Cic. : Liv. 
 
 lustfulness : nbido, inis, /. .- v. 
 
 LUST. 
 
 lustily : vallde (vigorously) : he be- 
 gan to shiiut out much more I., niulto 
 validius claniare occoepit, I'haedr. }, 16, 
 6: I'l. : V. vigorously. 
 
 lustiness : vigor : v. vigour. See 
 also coi(fuli:nce. 
 
 lustral : Untraiis, e : /. (or holy) 
 water, 1. aqua, Ov. Pont, j, 2,7?: a I. 
 sacrific-, or sacrifice of purificatum, 1. 
 sacrificium. Liv. 
 
 lustration: 1. lustratio (pun- 
 
 fication by sacrifice) : to complete the 
 sacred rites of I., lustrationis sacruNi 
 peragere, Liv. 40, 6. 2. lustrum (llie 
 purificatory sacrifice made by the cen- 
 
 sors every fifth year, cf. Liv. i, 44): to 
 perform the(<iuin)juennial) i., I. condere, 
 Cic. (le Or. 2, 66, /i»i.: Liv. (Lustrum 
 Is more usu. the quinquennial period 
 itself.) 
 
 lustre: I. Brightness, sptendour : 
 nltor, splendor : v. briuhtnk&s, brii.- 
 LIANCV. II, Fig. . 1. splendor : f/ie !. 
 and antiquity of family, s. el vetustas 
 familiae, Suet. Vesp. i : the L of birth 
 and hereditary property, et natalium et 
 paternarum faculLitura s., Plln. Kp. 10, 
 }, 5 : the I. and glory of the senate, 
 senatus s. et gloria, Tac. H. i, 84: the 
 I. of the most distinguished men, siim- 
 niorum bominiim s., Cic. de Or. i, 45, 
 fin. : men of the greatest l„ homines 
 summo splendore praediti, id. Clu. 69, 
 fin. : the I. of the name, nomlnis s., id. 
 Fin. I, I?, 42: the l.of empiie,varpi-r\\ 
 s., id. Man. 14, 41 : the I. of mind and 
 life, animi et vitae s., Cic. Rep. 2, 42. 
 (\oTK. — The word splendor la partitu- 
 larly applied by Cicero to the lustre if 
 the equestrian ranh- : equestris splendor, 
 Cic. Kos. Am. 48, 140.) 2. fulgor 
 
 (Lite): the I. of his ameslurs, avitus f, 
 Veil. 2, 4: the I. of renoi'n, n'minls et 
 faniae f , Ov. Tr. ;, 12, 59: the I. of his 
 exploits, f. rernm, I'lin. 7, 26, 27. Pbr.: 
 (a man) without the I. of birth, >\ne ullis 
 miij .rum imatsmibus, Suei. Vesp. i (on 
 this usaiie ol imago, v. Ijat. Diet. s. v.): 
 to shed I. upon : iliustro, 1 : to shed I on 
 one's fimily. faniiliam illustrare, Suit. 
 Gal. t: to derire l.fiom, splenile.sco, i; 
 there is wilhing so rude as not to dei-iee 
 I. from oratorii,n\\nl est tani iucultuni 
 qu.id non spl>-nduscat oratione, Cic. 
 Parnd. p'ooein. ^ }. |||. A chandelier 
 ornamented n i!h drops or penitents of 
 cut glass . perh. lyehnus ; Virg. Aen. i, 
 726 Ivchnus pendens, Lucr. 5, 296: or, 
 lycLnfichns pensilis, I'lin. J4, j, 8. 
 ;.V. A space of five years : lustrum : 
 Liv. Hor. 
 
 lustrous : lUustris, e : the hrightness 
 of the sun is rwre I. than that of any 
 constellation, soils candor iliustrior est 
 quam ulliiis ignis, Cic. N. D. 2,15,40: 
 
 V. HKIGHT, SniNINC. 
 
 lustrum : v. lu.strr (IV.). 
 
 lusty : 1. vegetus (fresh, vigo- 
 
 rous) : Liv.: Hor. 2. vilidus (stout, 
 S'urdy) : a I. fellow, v. homo, PI. : Ov. : 
 V. STRONG. Pbr.: a I. old age, cruda 
 vlrldisfjue senecius, Virg. Aen. 6, 504. 
 
 lute : cithiira, fides, testudo, lyra: v. 
 
 LYiCK. 
 
 Lutheran {adj. and suhs.) . ♦Luther- 
 anus : tlie I,, sect or religion, •lex s. dis- 
 ciplina Lutherana ; the I., worship, *sacra 
 a Luthero iiistiiuta : to adopt the I., 
 doctrine, *leg''m Lutbcranam seqni (of 
 an indiridual) ; *sacra a Lutbeio insti- 
 tuta suscipere (of a cirmmunity). 
 
 luxate ("•) •■ lUXO, i: V. TOSPKAIN. 
 
 luxation: luxatura: V. SPRAIN. 
 
 luxuriance : I. Exuberance in 
 gronth: \, luxuria; luxudes, ei,/'. : 
 I. of the crops, I. segetum, Virg. G. i, 
 112: Plin. 2. laetitia (ti?.): Col. 
 II. Fig.: luxuria, -es: of style: cf. 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 96 in oratione, ut in 
 herbis, in suninia ubertate inest I. quae- 
 dam : v. exubkkanck. 
 
 luxuriant : I. Exuberant in 
 
 grim th : \, luxuriosus : I. crops of 
 
 com, frumenta 1., Cic. Or. 24, 81 ; I. seges, 
 Ov. F. I, 690 : the I. vine, I. vitis, Col. 5, 
 6, fin. 2. InxQrian.s, ntis (part, of 
 
 luxiirio. 01- Uixfirior, i, to be I.) • comn. 
 in frondem luxuriare, Plin. 19. 6, 54 
 i II J. 3. laetus (fig.): cf. Virg. ii. 
 I. i: Varr. ||. Fig.: luxiirians: of 
 style: he nn.ll prune what is I., luxu- 
 riaiitia compescet, Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 122: 
 fertility of a I. intellect, luxuriantis in- 
 genii fertilitas. Plin. 17, 2 (l), 14. 
 
 luxuriantly: laeiB: Coi.: Piin. 
 
 luxuriate ('•) • luxuno and luxiirior, 
 I : to /. in eose, luxuriari olio, l.iv. i, 19. 
 
 luxurious: 1. luxuriOsus (en- 
 
 slai-ed to pleasure, volu/ituous): a I. 
 man, i. e. a voluptuary, 1. homo, Cic. 
 Phil. 2, 27. 66 : to reprove the l^ luxu- 
 riosos reprehendere, id. Fin. 2, 7, 22 . 
 there is nothing more I., nothing more 
 
 lustful, nihil est luxuriosius, nihil libidi- 
 nosius, id. Pis. 27, 66. 2. delicatua 
 (not necessarily in a bad sense, though 
 usually so): a I. young man, adolescens 
 d., Cic. : /. and obscene pleasures, I. et 
 ob6caena<*voliiptates,id. N. U. I, 40, 111 . 
 a L banquet, I. convivium, id. Att. 2, 14 : 
 a I. retinue of women servants and 
 slaves,d. antillarum puerorunique eunii- 
 tatus, id. pro Mil. 10, 28. 3. mollis, 
 e (p''op. effeminate) : Cic. Join: vo- 
 luptarius, delicatus, mollis, id. Fin. i, 11, 
 17. 4. lautus (especially in reference 
 to food, furniture, etc.) : a most I. din- 
 ner, lautissimacoena, Plin Ep.9, 17, 1 : a 
 magnificent and I. dinner, eoena niag- 
 nifica et Inula, Cic. Fani. 9, 16: I. fur- 
 niture, laula sU[Hllex, id. de Or. i, j6, 
 
 165 : V. SUJIPTLOUS, 
 
 luxuriously : 1. luxurio-e to 
 
 lice I., I. vivere, Cic. Coel 6, IJ. 2. 
 delicate : to live I. and effeminately, d. 
 et niolliter vivere, id. Off. 1, jo, 106. 
 
 luxury : 1. luxus. us : a state 
 coriupled by I. and idleness, 1. alque 
 ilesiilia comiptJi civitas, S;tll. Cat. 57 : 
 to pass one's life in I. anit iultness, per 
 1. et ignaviam aetatcm agere. Sail. J. 2: 
 the hiinse is set out nith thf splendour 
 if ro'ial I., lii'mas regali spiendida luxu 
 instruitur, Virg. Aen. i, 657. 2. '"x- 
 iiria, luxuries, ci. /. : in the city I. is 
 produced, from I. avarice necessarily 
 s/rrings, in urbe luxuries creatur; ex 
 luxuria existat avarilia necesse est, Cic 
 K. Aui. 27, 75 tlie Homan people hates 
 the I. of private persoi'S, odil populus 
 Romanus privataui luxnriam, id Mur. 
 j6 76- to wanton in I. and debaurhery, 
 luxuria tt lascivia ditlluere, Ter. Heaut. 
 5. I, 72 ; cf. ilittlucre luxuria et delicate 
 ac niollirer vivere, Cic. Off. i, jo. 106: 
 extravagant I., prol'usa 1., Cic. Coel. 18, 
 4} things tevUing to L, rfeiad Inxuriam 
 perliiu ntes, C!aes. B. G. 2, 15. (Note. — 
 Lnxus is luxury as an avt or condition, 
 and sometimes even as an object of lux- 
 ury, luxiiria, luxiirles, always subjec- 
 tively, as a priipensity and disposi ion, 
 the desideralive of lnxus: thus, ani- 
 niis delicias, luxus, opes ignorantibus; 
 and further on, opinionem luxuriae 
 segniiiaeque, Sen. Ir. i, 11 : lainem 
 aut situn. . . .Inxu antecapere, SjiIL C. 
 1 ? ; that is, by tlie arts if luxury : cf. 
 luxuria atque ignavia pes.'^iniae artes, 
 S.iU. J 90 ; that is, the tendency to 
 volupiuousness.) 3. lautitia (esp. in 
 food or style of living) : you will have 
 hiard of my novel I. (in diet), fama ad 
 te de mea nova I. veniet, Cic. Kam. 9, 
 16, fin. : to enjoy l.s, in lautitiis esse, 
 I'etr. j2 : the choicest l.s, accuratlssimae 
 I.. Petr. i4 : cf LUXURIOUS (4). 4. 
 cultus, us (rare in this sense): the I. 
 and sloth if the general, c. ac desidia 
 iinperatoris, Liv. 29. 21, _hn. : Sail. Cat. 
 I J, med. (libido stupri. . .".ceterique cul- 
 tus). Pbr. . I. of the table, apparatus 
 cpularum, Cic. Or. 25, 8j; apparatus 
 prandiorum, id. Ph. 2, J9. loi : splendid 
 I., magnitiei apparatus, id. Off. i, 8, 25 : 
 to provide such, mensas conquisitis-simis 
 epulis exstruere, id. Tiisc. 5. 21.62- /. 
 in drej^. etc., *cultus effusior, cultus 
 delicatus (lieorg.). 
 
 Lyceum : Lyceum : Cic. 
 
 lye (nater impregnated with alkaline 
 salt): lixivia: Col. 12, 16 (lixivia cine- 
 ris) : Plin. .■)£?/., lixivius or lixi\Tis (o/' 
 lye, made into I.) ; l.-a^hes, cinis Uxivius 
 (lixivus, Cato in Plin. 14. 20. 25) ; to dip 
 anything in l.-ashes, aliquid in cinere 
 lixivio lingere, Plin. 
 
 lying (adj.): I. TeVing a lie: 
 1, menda-x (usu. of persons, in 
 prose)- Uie dishonest anil I. Carthagi- 
 vians, Cartliigiiiienses fraudulenti et m., 
 C^c. Agr. 2, ?5, 95. 2. fallax (dtreit- 
 
 /u/, both of persons and things): Cic.: 
 V. UECEITKUL. 3. vanus (einptu, wiih- 
 ont reality : of persons and things) : to 
 believe a I. spC'Ch. orationi v. credere, 
 Cic. R. Am. 40, 117. 4. falsns, fictus 
 (usu. of things): Cic. : v. false. 5. 
 [ vanlloquus (talking idly; esp. brag- 
 ging): a I. envoy, v. legatus, Liv. J5, 
 '48. Join: vanus mendoxque, Virg. 
 
 455
 
 liYING 
 
 MACHINE-MAKER 
 
 MADNESS 
 
 Aen. 2, 80 • falsum aut vanum aut fic- 
 tum, opposed to vera, Ter. Eun. i, 2, 24 ■ 
 res tumida, vana, ventosa, Sen. Ep. 84, 
 iin. : falsa et mendacia, Cic. Div. 2, 62, 
 '127 : V. LIAR. II. Fart, of TO LIE : 
 
 q. V. : 1. objectus (I. before or in 
 front of) : an inland I. before Akxan- 
 dria, insula ob. Alexandriae, Caes. B. C. 
 }, 48. 2. subjeetus (I. under or near) : 
 a pluin l. near the highivay, s. viae 
 campus, Liv. 2, j8 Caes. 3. sttper- 
 iectus {I. above) : Plin. 4. integectus 
 '(I. between) : a district I. between Rome 
 and Arpi, regio int. Rornam et Arpos, 
 Liv. 9, ij. Lying between may also be 
 expr. by mgdius : (.Vegant) a city I. be- 
 tween Corinth and Athene, media Co- 
 Tintho et Atbenis (dat.). Veil, i, 2. 5. 
 circumjectus (I. round about), forests I. 
 round about the vay, c. itineri silvae, 
 Liv. 35, }o: also absol., tou-us I. round 
 about, c. oppida, Tac. : in same sense, 
 circunijacens, Tac. A. 2, 72. 
 
 lying (.subs.) .- the practice of telling 
 
 lies : transl. by ger. or infin. of to lie, 
 
 or by mendacitas (late and rare) : Tert. 
 
 lying-in (swbs.) .- 1. puerpSnum : 
 
 V. CHILDBIRTH. 3. partus, US: v. 
 
 COKFINEMENT (IIL). 3. niSUS W 
 
 nixus, us: Plin.: v. labocb (III.). 
 
 lying-in (adj.) : 1. puerpera : PI. : 
 Cat. : a icife l.-in, uxor p., ben. Ben. 4, 
 35, fin. 2. (partum) enixa (having 
 actually given birth to offspring) : v. to 
 BRING FORTH. A l.-in hotpHal, *lech5- 
 dochium ( = AexoSox^of) : *domus 
 publica, ubi parturienlibus <jpera prae- 
 statur (R. and A.) : v. to lie-in. 
 lymph: lympha: v. water. 
 lynx : lynx, lyncis, c. : the spotted I. s 
 of Bacchus, 1. Bacchi variae, Virg G. i, 
 264: icith the skin of a spotted I., macu- 
 losae tegmine 1., id. Aen. i, 32 j. 
 lynx-eyed : lynceus : Cic Fam. 9, 2 : 
 
 .KEEN-EVED. 
 
 lyre : 1. cUliara : Virg. : Hor. : 
 
 to play on the I., or sing to the I., cithara 
 canere, Plin. 8, 8, 8 ^ 28 (also, citbanzo, 
 I : Nep. Ep. 2 = to play) : to play on 
 the I. skilfully, uti c. perite, Plin. Ep. 5, 
 19, ! : to accompany the I. uith a song, 
 movere ora vocalia ad c, Ov. M. 5, JJ2 ; 
 versus cantare et formare citbara, Plin. 
 Ep.4, 19.4. 2. lyra: the curved l, 
 
 curva 1., Hor.: to sing on the I. the 
 praises of any one, lyra canere laudes 
 alicujus, Ov. A. A. J, ;o. (Note.— Gthaia 
 and lyra are Greek words : tbey origi- 
 nally indicated the same instrument : on 
 their subsequent difference, v. Diet, of 
 Ant. 721.) 3. fides, ium, /. (orig. 
 gut-strings : the pure Lat. word) : sing. 
 fides, is, /. (only poet.) : to play on the 
 I or sing to the I., fidibus canere, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 2, 4; fidibus uti, ib. 5, J9. "^ ? 
 fidibus cantare (alicui), PI. Epid. j, 4, 
 64 : to ham to play on the l, discere 
 lidibus, Cic. Sen. 8, 26 : to teach a person 
 to play on the I., aliquem fidibus docere, 
 id. Fam. 9, 22, j : to know how to play 
 on the l, tidibus scire, Ter. Kun. i, 2, 5J- 
 (Note.— In these three last examples, 
 there is an ellipsis of cauere.) 4. bar- 
 bitos, m. and /. (poet. : only in nom., 
 ace, and iw.) : Hor. : Ov. 5. testudo, 
 iuis, /. (because made of or having the 
 shape of a tortoise-shell : poet.) : \'irg. ; 
 Hor. (In Cic. N. D. 2, 57. i44. testudo 
 is the shell or '■sounding-board.") 6. 
 nieton. plectrum (prop, the stick with 
 ■which the player struck the I.): to play 
 on an ivoru I., plectro modulari eburno, 
 
 Tib ?, 4, ig ■ Hor. A player on 
 
 the- 1 fitlicen, Inis, m. (the word 
 
 of most dignity) : an eminent player on 
 
 the I., nobilis f., Cic. Fam. 9, 22 : Hor. 
 
 Fern, fidicina, ae, /. 2. citharwta, 
 
 m. (rare) : Cic. = a (vwle) player mi thel.. 
 
 female do., citharistria, Ter. : also, citha- 
 
 roedus (accompanying the I. inth his 
 
 voice), Cic: fem. citharoeda : Inscr. 
 
 3 lyristes, ae, m. (rare) : Plin. mm. 
 
 The ait of playing on the l, ars citharoe- 
 
 dicA : Suet. Ner. 40. , , . 
 
 lyric • 1 lyricus ; a l. poet, poeta 
 
 lyiicus:"in pl. simply lyrici, oriim: 
 
 Quint. 9, 4, 5? (in Cicero's time the word 
 
 was not so used, "poetae, qui Avpixoi a 
 
 456 
 
 Graecis nominautur," Cic Or. 55, i8j) : 
 a I. poem, poema (carmen) 1. : in pl. 
 simply lyrlca, oium : Plin. Ep. 7, 17- 
 Poet.: a I. poet, 1. vates, Hor. Od. i, i, 
 35 : the I. band (of poets), lyrica cohors, 
 Stat. S. 4, 7. 5- 2. melicus (less freq.) : 
 a I. poet, meUcus poeta, or simply meli- 
 cus, Plin. 7, 24, 24 $ 89- » '• P<^^' ™- 
 poema, Cic. Opt. gen. Or. i, i : m pl. 
 siuiply, melica, orum, Petr. 64. 
 
 lyrist : Micen, inis, m. : v. ltre 
 Uin.). 
 
 M. 
 
 MACADAMIZE: Phr.: to ma 
 road, viam silice (comminute) 
 sternere, of. Liv. 41 , 27, vied, (to pave uith 
 quadrangular blocks, is quadrato saxo 
 sternere, Liv. 10, is, fin.). 
 
 macaroni: perh. collyra, Pjaut Pers. 
 I 3 12. (Kr. gives, turundae Italae 
 [ita'licae].) Macaroni soup, Jus coUy- 
 ricum, ib. t, }, i5- ,_ „ 
 
 macaroon : perh. artolaganus, i m : 
 Cic. (ace. 10 others = pancake). 3lore 
 precisely, genus placentarum quas nos- 
 trates macarones appellant. 2. pla- 
 centa : V. CAKE. 
 macaw • psittacus ; v. parrot. 
 mace: " I. a kind of spice : prob. 
 m^*, idis,/.: Pl. Ps. J, 2.4i-.0^ 
 macir, indecl.: Plin, 12, 8, 16 (macir ex 
 India advehitur). ||. An ensign of 
 autlwrity borne before magistrates: 
 perh. virga: cf. Serv. ad Aen. 4, 242, 
 virga insigne potestatis est: nam ideo 
 ea magistratus utuntur : or perh. ba- 
 ciilum : cf. Flor. 3, 19, 10, where it de- 
 notes a sceptre. , ,. . , 
 
 mace-bearer : 1. perh- lictor (as 
 the lictors bore the consular fasces) : or, 
 2 apparitor (general term for a 
 public servant of a magistrate) : v. 
 l)ict. Ant. p. 106: or, 3. accensus (a 
 kind of usher): Cic: Suet.: v. Lat. 
 Diet. s. V. , ,^ , ■ 
 
 macerate : l- e- to soften by soakmg: 
 niacero, i ; to m. flax, (linum) m.. Plin. 
 
 19, I, J, 17- . . • ^ 
 
 maceration: macgratio (steeping): 
 
 Vitr. (Usu. better expr. by verb: v. 
 
 preced. art.) 
 macMnate: machinor, i: v. TO 
 
 contrive. 
 machination: 1. ars (contnt- 
 
 aiwe, in good or bad sense) : el. \ irg. 
 Aen. I, 657, novas artes, nova pectore 
 versat consilia: also, ib. 2, 106, ignari 
 scelerum tantorum, artisque Pelasgae : 
 Tac. 2. dSlus {underhand design, 
 plot) : he 'reveals to Cicero their rn.s. 
 Ciceroni dolum qui parabatur enuntiat, 
 Sail. Cat. 28: cf. id. 11, dolis atque tal- 
 laciis contendere. 3. machina («7-icfc, 
 device) : Or. pro Dom. 11, init. : Ter. 
 (Machinatio is any contrivance.) See 
 
 also INTRIGUE. 
 
 machine: 1. machlua, machina- 
 mentum, machinatio ; v. engine. 2. 
 organum (applicable to any ingeniously 
 constricted instrument: whereas ma- 
 china, etc., usu. denote powerful engines 
 firr applying force): to water gardens 
 'by means of pneumatic m.s, hortos 
 pneumaticis org. rigare, Plin. 19, 4, 20 : 
 cf. Vitr. 10, I, i. 3. pegma, alls, n. 
 (a stage machine, made so as to be 
 lowered or raised): Sen. Ep. 88, 19 
 (pegmata per se surgentia) : Juv. : 
 Mart. 4. compiiges, is,/. : v. frame- 
 work. Phr.: a new ni. involving no 
 great labour was invented, nova baud 
 magni operis excogitata res est, Liv. j8, 
 7, med.: a simple but ingenious m., *in- 
 I strumentum baud magnae subtilitatis, 
 I artis tanien multae : tlie man is a mere 
 m., *homo iste quasi compages inanima 
 est, nil proprio impulsu ac sponte tacit 
 (Kr. gives machinae iustar: but the 
 phr. carries more naturally a dilferent 
 sense). 
 machine - maker : macbiuatflr : 
 
 Liv. 24, 34 (ce Archimede) : Sen. Lp. 
 
 88 ). 
 
 machinery : !• itacftines colUct- 
 ively : machinatio (esp. pl) : beams 
 loi'ered into the bed of the nve- by m., 
 tigna machinationibus in flumen lui- 
 mis.sa, Caes. B. G. 4, 17 : Auct. B. Alex 
 6 Also pl. of machina, machinamen- 
 turn : V. MACHINE. II. Internal me~ 
 chanism: machinatio: v. mechanism. 
 
 machinist: machmator: V. I'A- 
 chine-maker. 
 
 mackerel: scomber, bn, m.: PL: 
 Cat.: Plin. (*Scomber scomber, or s. 
 vulgaris, Cycl.) 
 
 macrocosm: *macrocosmus, quem 
 dicunt. 
 
 mad: I- disordered m the senses, 
 intellect: l.insanus, f uriosus, vecors, 
 etc : V. INSANE. 2. rabiosus {raving 
 mad; esp. of animals): a m. dog, r. 
 canis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 75 • P^n- ■ of "'- 
 sensate {mad) courage, Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 
 fin. 3. rabidus {raging furiously : 
 "chiefly poet.) : to drive any one raving 
 m., a'liquem r. agere. Cat. 63, txtr. : 
 Plin. 4. phrfineticus, phreuiticus (.Gr. 
 Apei'TiTiKos- generic term): Cels. 3, 18, 
 od init.: Cic 5. lanaticus: v. H3- 
 NATic. Phr.: to be m., furere, Cic; 
 Hor. : also, insanire (less freq.) : Cic. : 
 Hor.: togom., mente alienari, I'lin. 28, 
 8, 27, 93 (al. mentem) ; lymphari, id. 
 24 17, 102. $ 164: of an animal, ra- 
 bidum' fieri, id. 29, 4, 32, $ 100 ; also, in 
 rabiem agi, id. 7, 15. U. 064= to turn 
 any one m. (of the action of a deity), 
 mentem alicujus alienare, Liv. 42, 28, 
 fm.: also, lymphatum aliquem agere 
 {of the action of a kind of driiik), Plin. 
 31, 2, 5; in less exact sense, ad in- 
 saniam adigere, Ter. Ad. i, 2, 3i- II 
 Infatuated, utterly unreasonable, re- 
 sembling actual madness: 1. insa- 
 nus : a vi. desire, ins. cupiditas, Cic 
 Verr. 4, 18, fn.: Virg.: Hor. 2. 
 vecors, rdis {wild, ungovernable): an 
 almost m. onset, impetus prope v., Liv. 
 ■7 15 Cic: cf. MADLY (4). 3. ■^e- 
 sanus (Uke preced.) : cf Liv. 7, 33, fin., 
 vesanos vultus et turentia ora Roman- 
 orum. Of inanimate things : the m. 
 waves, v. flucius, Virg. E. 9, 43: Cat. 
 4 demeiis: v. infatttateu. 5. 
 furiosus : unbridled and m. desire, cu- 
 piditas effrenata ac f., Cic Cat. i, 10, 25 : 
 a m. evteiprise, f. inceptum, Liv. 
 madam: Momina: v. lady. 
 madcap: P^r.: ayouvgm..yehG- 
 mentioris ingenii adolescens; qui prae- 
 (■ep< fertur amentia. (Fervidus juventa, 
 Hor. A. P 116 [R. and A.] has a totaUy 
 different sense.) 
 
 madden : I. ?■" ''"'f "^-- ""^l" 
 tem alicno, etc. : v. mad (L Phr.). ||. 
 Fig.: to excite to fury : 1. tuno, i 
 (poet ) • of the effect of sexual desire, 
 Hor. Od. I, 25, 14: to m. men's minds, 
 mentes f. in iram, Sil. 17. 294. 2. ad 
 insaniam adigo, Ter. Ad. i, 2, 31 : see 
 also TO exasperate. 
 
 maddened (part, and adj.) : 1. 
 lympbaius; m. with wine, vino L, Hor. 
 Od I, 37, 14: m. hearts, 1. pectora.Ov. 
 2. impotens {having lost self-con- 
 trol) : V. ungovernable. 
 
 maddening (a>ij.): l.J^j}°^^r- 
 the m. flute, f. tibia, Ov. 2. furiahs, 
 e : Val. Fl, 
 
 madder: riibia: Plin. 24, II, 50: 
 also called erythrodanus (Gk. name): 
 Plin. 1. c 
 
 madhouse : *domus in qua coercen- 
 tur homines furiosi, insani, phreueiici. 
 
 madly ■ 1. f^riose (Uke a mad- 
 man: rare); to do anything w., aliquid 
 i. facere. Cic. Atu 8, 5. 2. insane 
 (Uke preced.): Hor. S. I, 10, 34: also 
 denoting excessive passion : tc love m.. 
 ins. amare, Pl. 3. dementer {Jool- 
 is/tfj/, senseUssly) : Cic. : v. sENSELFjisLY 
 4 expr. by adj : vecors, rdis (cf. 
 L. G." i 343 : denoting a wild, fierce 
 luring) : he sprang m. from the tri- 
 bune, vecors de tribunali decurrit, Liv. 
 4, 50, med. 
 
 madman : I. Li *• ^ homo furiosus. 
 
 vpcors; v. mai>, insane. ||, tig.: 
 dfmens, ntis : v. infatuated. 
 
 madness: I. lAt.: 1. iusimo
 
 MADRIGAL 
 
 MAIDEN 
 
 M A I NTA IN 
 
 (generic term): Cels. }. i8. init.: Cic.: 
 V INSANITY. 2. faror (rare in lUis 
 sense): Hor. 3. pbrene»is. is y. 
 
 (,^peVn<^«- «"• medical term for acute 
 mental deranrjtmerd) : CeU. t- c. t. 
 ral)ie8, ei (in animah): esp. oj MXfj.. 
 Col. 1. U, extr.: Plin. 5. nient.s 
 alienatio: v. dkkangkment. ||. r 't.- 
 State of mind or cxmduct. as of one mwx : 
 
 1 Insiaiiia : to tksire to m., ad ins. 
 concupiscere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, j;. »T- w« 
 m o/" I' ar, belli ins., Virg. : 1 er. a. 
 vecordia (esp. fierce, brutal madness or 
 wildness): m. was stamped on hisjea- 
 tures. In vultii v. erat. Sail. Cat. i;, 
 extr.: Tac. 3. ti'-or : Join: furor 
 atque insania, Cic. in Pis. 2i. 5°. '• 
 atque amentia. Caes. B U. I. 4°. i"*'- 
 
 4 amentia, dementia: v. foll\. 
 
 4. amentia 
 
 INFATUATION. . 
 
 madrigal: Vantus ejus generis quod 
 madrigal dicitur. 
 
 magazine: \-. ^""^ '^"'Zr^- k 
 horreum ( for provisums.unne.e.U:.). cl. 
 
 Llv 21 48. fin., where the term is ap- 
 plied to a toum furnishing supplies for 
 an army. v. >tori>iiouse. 2. "rnia- 
 nieiuarium {for arms; an arsenal): 
 from the tempUs and m.s (or arsenals) 
 arms uere fumislied to the Roman 
 neople. e.\ aedibua sacris a.que publicis 
 arnm P. It. daUnlur, Cic. Itab. perd. -„ 
 20 from Tac. H. i, }8. an armamenta- 
 riuni appears lo have been attaclied to 
 a camp: Liv. 3. conditorium (late): 
 V nfii'OT (N.B.-Often not expressed; 
 commcatus, pL. or b,Ui inslrumentum 
 s apparatus beins: definite enouf^h : cf. 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 2, ixit.. tanti erant in op- 
 pido omnium rerum ad bellum appa- 
 ratus, tantaque multitudo tormentorura 
 = such vast magazines.) ||. ^ puo- 
 lication : perh. commentarii ; or collec- 
 tanea, orum : cf. Cell. 4. M. ^nit. 
 
 maeeot* 1. venniculus (small 
 w^n^grub) : to breed m.s, vermiculos 
 parere. Lucr. 2. 898 I'lin. 16, 41, 80. 
 Hence to l>e infested with m.s (of trees) 
 vermiculari, Plin. x■^, 24. J7 "°- j""?- 
 verraiculatio, tlie disease ; maggots (col- 
 lectively) : Plin. 1. c. 5 3i8. Also ver- 
 mes, is, m.. may be used of thelarger 
 kind of m.s : Lucr. 2. 6lo. 2. ter- 
 edo. inis. /. (a boring worm) .-esp. ot 
 the kind which eat tlu: timbers of ships: 
 Plin. 16,41,80: Ov. 
 maggoty : 1. vermiculosus: PaU. 
 
 2 verminosus : 1^ liQ- 
 magian: magus: Cic Div. I, ti, 46. 
 
 magic (•■<«"«•)•• 1- ^-^P--- ^y ""': 
 
 Rlcusfnd a subs.: e. g. magica ars, ct. 
 Plin JO 2, 6: also pi, magicae artes, ! 
 as praUised in nmny loat/s. Virg. Aen. 
 A. 405; m. superstiliones, Tac. A. 12, 
 sqrm' vanitates, Plin. Jo, «>»/■ (the 
 two latter phr. indicating the JalsUy of 
 magic). 2. magice, es (as generic 
 
 tern) : Plin. ?o, I, 2. 3. niagia . 
 Apul. 4. theursia (very late) : Aug. 
 
 See also INCANTATION. 
 
 magic, magical (adj-) • 1. ma- 
 glcus^ Virg.: Plin.: cf. preced. art. 
 2 niagus (poet.): Ov. In fig. 
 sense, mirabilis, inciedibilis, etc. 
 
 magically: *velut magica quadam 
 arte atque vi. _ , » , n„ 
 
 mainciail- 1. "^^^^^^ (strictly, 
 J^f'DeJ^ersia. Maui) : Plin. JO. 
 2 6 (applied in generic sense) : Apul. : 
 I'ert 2 incaniritor (an enchanter : 
 late)- Tert. Phr.: to be a m., ma- 
 cicas artes exercore (v. magic): a m.s 
 u«»d.virKarmaKica],Vilg- Aen.-;,t90: ! 
 cf vircula divina. Cic. Off. i, 44. i;8- 
 
 mn^sterial : «<1 magistratum per- 
 il "n^vMAOiWrKACV. (Magisteriiis, 
 very late : Imp. Odd.) For fig. sense, 
 
 V IMPERIOUS, HAUGHTY. 
 
 TTiairisterially: pro magistratu, tan- 
 qu^^'igl^ratus. '^For fig. sense, v. 
 
 JMl-F.BIOUSI.Y. 11AUGHTILV._ _ 
 
 magistracy : magistraiu., us : Cic : 
 Caes. : v. okkick. . 
 
 maeistrate: masistratus. us (one 
 l^ivg a public office) ; m appoint m.s. 
 m!^creare, Liv. ?. ir- "> dehver a per- 
 son up to a m.. aliquem magistratui tra- 
 dere Nep. Kpam. 4: "«= "»« <"« "'* 
 
 seri'ants of the laws, legum mlnistri m., 
 
 Cic. Chi. 5;. 146- , . -. . 
 
 magnanimity : 1. magnammita^ 
 
 (an elTiiCiil (, «. = Gk. ^fya\o4iv\ta- to 
 be coiiliiitd to such usi') : Cic. Off. i. 4?. 
 1 = 2 2 elatio atque magnitudo ani- 
 mi :' Cic. "Off. 1, 19. H 3. animus 
 (magnus et) .xcelsus: v. ix>ftiness. 
 magnanimous : 1. magnammus 
 
 (hiyh-sm,l>d. hflyspu-ited : rare in 
 pruse): Cic. Off. i, 19. 6{. 2. fxpr. 
 by sulis. : what m. is this .' "ut sunt haec 
 animi magiii aique excekl ! quaniam 
 haec dfclarant eUlioneni atque magni- 
 tudinem animi ! v. magnanimity. 
 
 magnanimously : "P"' magmtuame 
 
 aninii(sui); see also gknkrously. 
 
 maenet- lapis magnes, etis, m.: uic. 
 Div 1 "9. 86 (magnelem lapidem qui 
 ferruin ad se alUciat et altraliut) : Lucr. 
 6, 909. ALSO simply magnes: Plin. jo. 
 16, 2?: Claud. 
 
 magnetic: magneticus: Claud, carm. 
 de nuigu. 26. (Or expr. by means of 
 magnes : lo possess a kind of m. power 
 ♦tanquam niagnetis lapidis vl omnia ad 
 se allicere atque attrahere.) 
 
 magnetism: *magnetismus, qui 
 
 "magnetize: perh. *magnetica qua- 
 dam vi afficere. 
 
 magnificence : ^ 1. magnincent.a 
 
 (qreatoutinu-d shm-): m. of funerals 
 and i;^pul<hres, m. funerum et sepul- 
 crorum, Cic. l^g. 2, 26. 66; qf public 
 works, m. publicorum operum, Liv. ^. 
 aniplitudo (high distinction): m. of the 
 achievements (of the Koman people), a. 
 rerum gestarum, Nep. Att. 18: Hi". 
 3. splendor: v. lustue. 4. ap- 
 psiratus, us : v. POMP. 
 
 magnificent: 1- "'^^"'"'^"S^S 
 -centior, sup. -eenlissimus : (splendid 
 and on a large s<-ale): m. funerals, fn- 
 nera m. [et sumptuosa], Caes. B. tj. t>. 
 iQ ■ m. decoration (of a forum), m. or- 
 natus, Cic. Verr. 2. 1, 22, 58 : m. achieve- 
 ments, res gestae amplae m.que. Just. : 
 a most m. triumph, magnificentissimus 
 triumphus. Veil. 2. ampins (highly 
 distinguislied : not so strong as preced.) : 
 a more splendid shmu for an afdileship, 
 munus aedilitatis amplius, Cic. Verr. 2. i. 
 5 extr. (an imperial show would rather be 
 described as magnificum) : m. achieve- 
 ments, res gestae amplissimae, Cic. Att. 
 8 q, med. 3. spleudidus : v. splen- 
 did. (Cf. Nep. Alt. u, med., elegans 
 non magnificus; splenrtidus non sunip- 
 tuosus.) 4. l^'Utus (esp. 0/ entertain- 
 nu:nls or furniture) : a m. supper, lau- 
 ! tissima coena. Mart. 12, 48, 5: Cic: v. 
 
 ! SUPERB. . .- - 
 
 magnificently: 1. .^agnjfice. 
 
 comp. -centius, sup. -centissime. Cic. 
 Llv • Nep. Also magnificenter. Vitr. 
 2 ample : to be interred as m. as 
 can be, efferri quara amplissime, Cic. 
 Ph 9 extr. Join: ample magnih- 
 ceque, Cic 3. splendide : y splen- 
 didly. (\.B.— For syn. see a<lj.) 
 mnenifier" v. mickoscope. 
 Samify- I. Lit.: to cause to 
 apitear larger : a lens m.s objects, 'per 
 vitre:.in pilam perspectae res mi^ores 
 videntur. ||. Fig.: to set ofl tn 
 qhm'ing tei-ms : 1. amplif ico. i (rhet. 
 t t): cf. Cic. de Or. J, 26, 104. summa 
 laus eioquentiae est amplificare rem or- 
 nando: opp. to minuere (glonaui) id. 
 Ac 2, 2, 5- 2. exaggero, 1 : v. to 
 heighten (IL, 3). 3. magnifico, i 
 (late): Vulg. Luc. i. 46- _ 
 
 magniloquence: magmloquentia : 
 V. (;randili:><juence. 
 magniloquent: magmlOquus: v. 
 
 GRANmLOk'lENT. 
 
 magnitude : magnftudo : v. size, 
 
 GUE.\TNK.s.S. extent 
 
 magpie: pic^: Pers.prol. ./!«.: Plin. 
 (•Corvus pic;x. Ltiin.) 
 
 mahometan (a^J- and snbs.^ : 'Ma- 
 humetanus, M.iliometanus, Muhamme- 
 danus Also lus subs. Mahumetista. 
 
 mahometanism : *Mes s. religlo 
 Mahunietana. . . 
 
 maid I I -' ''"'fl""- '""K"- 
 
 maiden (inis.f.- for m.s and youths. 
 
 vtrginihus puerisque. Hur. Od. J. 1, 4: 
 
 Cic: Liv.: v. virgin. Dimin. virgun- 
 
 cula (rare) : Sen. : Juv. \\. A young 
 
 girl generally : puella, puelliUa: v. girl. 
 
 III. A female servant : ancilla : v. 
 
 maid-servant. 
 
 maiden ( I. Lit.: 1. vir- 
 
 maidenly ' ginalis. e (proper to a 
 
 virgin ) m. attire, v. habitus atque ves- 
 
 tllus, Cic. Verr. 4, t, S "»■ modesty, v. 
 
 verecundia. id. Quint. 11, (in. 2.7'r- 
 
 gineus (= preced.. but poet.): Virg. : 
 
 Ov. 3. puellaris: v. girllsh. ||. 
 
 Kig. : virgo: Plin.: v. virgin (adj.). 
 
 Phr.: am. speech, 'prima oratio: m. 
 
 assize, •conventus purus (?). 
 
 maiden-hair: adiantum: PUn. 22. 
 
 21, 50; also, capillaris herba. Apul. 
 Herb (* Adiantum capillis Veneris. 
 M.L.) 
 
 maidenly : v. maiden (adj.). 
 
 maidenly (ad»-) •• virginumntu: v. 
 
 maid-servant: 1. ancuia (gen. 
 
 term) : use<i as tt-m. to servus, Cie. Verr. 
 } 4,8: SalL: Hor. /vimin.ancillula (o 
 young m.), Ter. : Ov. 2. finiula 
 (chiefly poet.) : Virg. Aen. i. -jo} : Juv. 
 (in Cic. = attendant, helper). 
 mail : \. a coat ofslerl net-work : 
 1 lOrica:' described by Isid. Or. 18, 
 U, as 'circuits ferreis contexta, i. e. chain- 
 mail : cf Lucan 7, 498. qua torta graves 
 lorica catenas: but the word is also us«J 
 in gen. sense: v. breast-plate. 2. 
 squama (ace. to Isid. I. c. overlapping, 
 like the scales of fish): he was rough 
 with brazen m., ahenis horrebat squamis, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 481: cf. Ov. M. }, 6?, 
 loricae modo squamis defensus (ser- 
 pens) : which implies that the lorica was 
 sometimes made in plates or scales. 
 3 spongia: cf. Llv. 9, 40, (Samnitibus) 
 spongia pectori tegumenlum (app. re- 
 sembling sponge ; prob. chairi-mail). 
 See also armour. ||. A lag for let- 
 ters ; hence, the letters themselves : Phr.: 
 the person who carries the m.s, tabelU- 
 rius publicus (v. letteb-carrier) : the 
 ' m boat, navis tabellaria, cf. Sen. Lp. :?, 
 init. : the history of the m.s. »de label- 
 lariis publicis. See also post. 
 
 mailed (/'art- <^,?): loncatus: Liv. 
 2J. 19, fin. 
 
 maim: miitTlo, i: v. to mctilatb. 
 See alsofoli. art. (N.B.-Someumes = 
 to hamstrinQ : q. v.) 
 
 maimed (part. adj.) .- 1. manctis 
 (mt having the use of aU ones limbs). 
 Join- mancus et membris omnibus 
 captus ac debilis, Cic Hab. pet^d ■]. 21 : 
 Dig. Often fig.: V. crippled (IL); 2. 
 truncus (having lost a limb or hnUis) : 
 V. mutilated. Fig.: trunca urbs, a 
 maimed, helpless city (sine senatu, sine 
 magistratibus). Liv. ;i, 29, vied. 3. 
 miitilus (esp. of animah having lost 
 their horns) : v. mutilated. 4. ae- 
 bilis, e (du^abled in (xx/./): v. feeble. 
 
 main (s"''-'-1 ■ peiagus, po"«"* ■ ^; 
 sea (For mioht and mam. v. might.) 
 
 main (wlj.) : praecipuus. pnmus : v. 
 v^c^l Vh r': : the m. point, caput : 
 the main thing in an art. c «>;»«• Y"^-°^ 
 Or I 29 H2 : the m. element >n a happy 
 life c ad beate vivendum, id. .\ni. 1 ?. 
 }l-the m. topic of a Utter, c. litterarum. 
 id Ph. 2. ix.meii.: the m. points ina 
 case, quae maxime rem continent Llv. 
 ?o 48 (See also TO BIND LP, lU.) 
 
 mainland: continens terra; conU- 
 nens (as .'nths.) : v. coktiKENT. 
 
 mainly: praec=P"e:v^rRnccn.ALL.. 
 
 moiTinri7P' V. BAIL. srRET\. 
 mmfT" media nave const.lutum : ' 
 
 ^ta'i^xta'in: 1,,^" ^^Ts^rvo^ 
 
 vare, Cic de Or. 2. 54. "« = '" '"■^''f 
 with avu one. pacem cum aliquo s., 1 1 c . 
 Ph 1 8" 22: to m. ««i«i'"'ft".V. ae<iuani 
 1 u. 7, o, *' I „ conserve, i 
 
 mentem s., Hor. £. '•"'^' ' 
 
 (strengthened from simple verbl . torn 
 tieluince towards anuoneMem erga 
 aliqu.m c. Ca«. B. C. I. 84: to m.a 
 to.?, legem c. Quint. <).Z.ii: Cic ^ '• "«> 
 4S1
 
 MAINTAINABLE 
 
 MAJORITY 
 
 I'RESERVK.-KEEP. 3. tSijeo, ui, ntum, 2 
 (tu holdfast) : to m. its (proper) con- 
 dition (of the state), gtatuni l., Cic. Rep. 
 I, 28 : to m. a right. Jus t., Cic. 4. 
 
 oblineo, 2 (esp. under difficulty or oppo- 
 sition) : V. ij(fr. (U.). .Join: obtinere 
 et conservare, Cic. tj. Fr. i, i, 12. 6. 
 sustineo, 2 (to bear tip, as a burden) : 
 to m. a public cause, causaiii pulilicam 
 s., Cic. Div. VeiT. 8,/n. : to in. the dig- 
 nity and honour of the state, civitatis 
 dignitatem et decus s., id. Off. i, ?4, 124. 
 
 6. lueor, 2 (by active exertion): 
 to m. concord, concordiam t., Cic. Att. 
 I, 17, J: to III. dignity, dignitatem t., 
 id. Join: tueri et conservare, id. Man. 
 5, 12. II. To hold against anyone: 
 
 1. reilneo, 2: to m. one's rights, 
 jns suum r., Cic. Verr. }, 14, i"). 2. 
 
 obtineo, 2 : to m. preroyatire, jus ob., 
 Tac. A. I, J2: more fiilly, Jus contra 
 aliquem ob., Cic. Quint, q, 54. 3. 
 
 teneo, 2: cf. sopr. (I., 3). ||| In 
 
 milil. sense: to ho'd a position against 
 attack : l6nto, retineo, sustineo, 2 ; v. 
 
 HOLD (V.) ; HOLD OUT (11.). |V. '^^ 
 
 keep up, continue : 1. retineo, 2: v. 
 TO RKTAiN. 2. sustineo, 2 (tf supr. 
 1., 5) : to m. the contest longer, ultra s. 
 certamt-n, \Av. ??, ?6, med. : v. to Hor.D 
 onT (11). In similar sen-^e, frequent. 
 sustento, i (to make elf oris to m.),Tac. A. 
 2, 17 (s. piigiiam). V- '^'o sustain a 
 
 part or character : 1. sustineo, 2 : 
 
 / singly m. three characters, tres per- 
 Bonas unus sustineo, Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 
 J02. 2, tueor, 2: Cic. Br. 20, 80 
 (personam tueri). 3. defendo, di, 
 
 sum. J (poet.) : Hor. A. P. n)4 (partes 
 defendere). Phr. : to m. the part of 
 clemency, partes lenitatis agere, Cic. 
 Mur. ?, 6. VI. I'o supply uith the 
 
 necessaries of life: 1. alo, iii, tum 
 
 and Itum, } : as his farm ivas not quite 
 enough to m. him. "quuin eum agellus 
 non sails alerpt. Cic. N. I), i, 26, 75 : to 
 m. a large number of cavalry, magnum 
 nuraerum equitatus a., Cats. 2. sus- 
 tineo, 2: Cie. : Liv. : V. TO SUPPORT. 
 So frequent, sustento, 1 (implying con- 
 tinued effort) : to m. (one's) family, fa- 
 miliam s., Ter. Ad. ?, 4, ?;. fass. refl., 
 sustenlari. to m. on' self, get a living. 
 Tac. A. 4, 1} (witli abl. of the means 
 whereby). 3. e.xhibeo, 2 (late) : to be 
 m.'d by a parent, exhiberi a parente, 
 Ulp. Dig. 25, ?. 5, init. See also live- 
 lihood. VII. '^0 support by argu- 
 ment : 1. contendo, di, sum and tum, 
 J (to m. eaineslli/. against a disputant) : 
 foil, by aac. and inf., Cic. PI. 19, fin. : 
 with ace. of neut. pron., aliquid contra 
 aliquem c, id. Quint. 25, 78. Rarely 
 Intrans. : ut Asclepiades coniendit, as A. 
 maintains: Cels. pref. o/i nieti. 2. af- 
 firmo, I (to assert confidently) : cf. Tac, 
 6. 2, quidani plures deo ortos. . .affirm- 
 ant : so confirmo (stronger than affirnio) : 
 V. TO ASSERT. 3. statuo, J (to lay 
 
 doicn a thesis) : v. to lay down (11.). 
 4. defendo, di, sum, }: he never 
 m.'d a proposition that he did not sw:- 
 ceed in proving, nuUani rem defend! t 
 quam non probavit, Cic. de Or. 2, ii, fin. 
 Impers. defenditur, it is m.'d (with ace. 
 and inf.), id. Fin. ?, 2i, 71. 5. ob- 
 
 tineo, 2 (to in. successfully, establish) : 
 can we m. what ne affirm, possimius 
 quod dicimus ob. ? Cic. Verr. j, 71, 168: 
 tliey imagine they can m. tico contrary 
 propositions, se posse putant duas con- 
 trarias sententias ob., id. Fin. 4, 28, 78. 
 
 maintainable : quod defend! potest : 
 
 V. to maintain (Vll.). 
 
 maintainer: 1. v index, icis, c. 
 (one who asserts, protects, a venges) : cf. 
 Cic. Leg. ?, 17, jq, where the ballot is 
 called vindf.x libertatis : Liv. : Suet. 
 2. assertor (strictly o?ie who claims 
 the freedom of a person enslaved) : m.s 
 of the dignity of the patricians, asser- 
 tores dignitatis patriciorum. Suet. Tib. 
 2. (E,xcept in above senses, expr. by 
 verb.) 
 
 maintenance : i. The act of 
 
 maintaining: expr. by verb: for the 
 m. of law, dignity, etc., legis, dignitatis 
 conservandae s. tuendae causa : v. to 
 4S» 
 
 mafntain. See also defence. i|, 
 
 Means of support : 1. allmentum : 
 
 usu. pi. (allowance for livel iliood) : to 
 claim a m. from the imperial treasury, 
 aUmenia a fisco petere, Ulp. Dig. 2, 15. 
 8 $ 19 : to issue an order for rii., ali- 
 merita decernere, ib, 27, 2. 3. 2. ''X* 
 Ijibitio (also legal term): n hat suffices 
 for m., quod exhibition! siiflBcit. ib. 27, 
 2, } ^ J. 3. susientatio (support) : 
 
 Ulp. Dig. 24, ;, 8 J 8. 
 
 maize: *Zea mays (Webster): or 
 perh. far Indicum (excepting in scien- 
 titic lang.). 
 
 majestic: 1. augustus (strictly, 
 consecrated, venerable : bence full of 
 dignity and mafsty): tuo youths of 
 m. figure, juvenes gemini augustiore 
 forma. Suet. Ner. I: cf. Liv. i, 7, liala- 
 tus lormaque aliquantum amplior au- 
 gustiorque humaiia ; also, ib. 8, 6, 
 med., species Tiri major quam pro hu- 
 mane habitu aiigu>tiorque. 2. fxpr- 
 by maje.stas, digiiitiis. how m. uas his 
 address: quanta (luit) in oratione ma- 
 jestas ! Cic. Am. 25, 96 : m. person, 
 forma ex dignitate constanii. Veil. 2, 29. 
 3, impgratoiius ('om»na«<Xi»'g): of 
 great soul and stature, and m. figure, 
 magno animo et corpore i.que lorma, 
 Nep. Iph. 5. 
 
 majestically: auguste: Cic. 
 
 majesty : I. '-^if'y greatness : 
 majestas : the m. of tJte Korinan people, 
 m. populi R., Cic. I'h. j, 5. IJ: divine 
 m., divma m.. Suet. Cal. 22: loyal m., 
 regia m., Caes B. C. j, i'6. In late 
 Lat. used as style of address : your to., 
 majestas tiia, vestra, Symm. ||, Im- 
 posing dignity : 1, majestas: m. in 
 speech, m. in oratione, Cic. Am. 25, 96. 
 2. dignitas: Join: auctoriias 
 dignita>qiie tormae. Suet. CI. Jo: Veil. 
 (Or expr. by auiiustus : v. majestic.) 
 
 major premiss: propOsitio, Cic inv 
 I. 57. 67 ; intenlio : Quint. 5, 14, 6. 
 l*.\lajor praemissa, logical t. t. : Aldr.) 
 Phr.: he has omitted the m. pr., omisil 
 quod in prima parte sumere debuit, 
 Gcll. 2, 8. 
 
 major (in the army) : (?) praefectus 
 major (qui dicitur). 
 
 major-domo : dispensator, villicus: 
 
 V. stkward. 
 
 major-general : perh. legatus : v. 
 
 LIEl^TKNANT. 
 
 majoritv: |. The greater number : 
 1, m;ijor pars the verdict of a m. 
 of tif' judges, qut)d eorum judicum m. 
 pars judiciint. Lex in Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2 : cf. 
 Ijiv. 2i,4,inif. (m. pars mdiorem vicit) : 
 also, maxima pars (the gieat m.), Hor 
 S. 2, ;, 121. 2. plerique, pleraeque, 
 pleraqiie (in an indefinite sense, the 
 geneiality; a larne number) : Sail. Cat. 
 'j (ego adolescentulus, %\cw\ plerique . . .) : 
 Cic. : also sing., the m. of the younger 
 men, pleraque juvenlus. Sail. Cat. 17 
 (but the word often denotes simply a 
 considerable number ; esp. in later 
 writers'). Phr.: the m. (of the senate) 
 uas in favour of ' ato's j/roposition, 
 senatus in Catonis senientiam discessit, 
 .Sail. Cat. 55: the m. uas with the side 
 tliat. . ., vicit (in senatu) pars ilia quae 
 . . ., id. Jug. 16: a great m. u ere against 
 the proposal, frequentes ierunt in alia 
 omnia, Cic. Fam. 16, 2, med. : they saw 
 there would be a great m. in favour of 
 the proposition of..., perspiciebant in 
 Hortensii senientiam multis partibus 
 plures ituros, ib. paulo infr. : a large 
 m. decided that..., (frequens) senatus 
 magno consensu censuit, cf. Cic. Ph. 4, 
 5, 12 : by a m. of votes, per suffragia (v. 
 \otk.): to have an ovenvhelming m. 
 against on'', magiiis suffragiis superari 
 ab aliqiio, Plin. ;?, 10, j6 1} 72. ||, 
 
 Full aqe : *legitinia s. justa aet.;is qua 
 sui juris fit aliquis. Phr.: after he 
 attained his in., postquam sui juris factus 
 est, cf. Just. Inst, i, 8 (but by Ruman 
 law, ilie son only became independent on 
 tlie death of his father, or by einanci- 
 patio); postquam major viginti et imo 
 annis factus est, cf. ib. i, 14 $ 2. |||, 
 
 Hank of major in the nrmii : perh. 
 *praefectura major, quae dicitur. 
 
 MAKE AGAINST 
 
 make: A. Trans. : I. 71 
 
 conslru'jt, fashion, form : 1. facie, 
 feci, fi.ctum, j : to m. a bridge, pontem 
 f., Caes. : to m. a rase, vasculum f., 
 Quint. T, 10, 9 : to TO. a fire oj green 
 sticks, ignem lignis viriiiibus f., Cic 
 Verr. 2, 1, 17, 4?. Frequent, lactito, I 
 (to be wont to make) : Hor. (f. versus). 
 Also conips. (1). etticio, j (indicating 
 the result rather than the process : hence 
 someiimes used to denote speediness of 
 making): cf. Cic. Rep. i, 17, where 
 etticere sphaeram is used of the cele- 
 brated sphere of Archimedes as a In- 
 umph achieved ; with ib. 14, where, in 
 describing the actual model, sphaeram 
 factam (not effectam) is used ; having 
 hastily made bridges, celeriter effectis 
 pontibus, Caes. B. G. 6, 6 : they made 
 military engines by cutting off the 
 women's hair, prae^ect!s crinibus muli- 
 erum tormenta effeceruiit, id. B. C. }, 9. 
 (2). conficio, } (to make completely): 
 he had made his ring, his mantle, hii 
 shoes with his oim hand, annulum, pal 
 Hum, soccos se sua manu confecisse, Cic. 
 de Or. J, J2, 127. 2. fingo, nxi, ctum, 
 J (by moulding, shaping, ntc.) : to m. 
 wax ligiires, e cera 1., Cic. Verr. 4, ij, 
 50: to ni. verses, carmina f., Hor.: so 
 also effingo : v. to form (1., 4) ; fashion ' 
 (Jll.); MonLD. II, To constitute, 
 
 form : eu Icio, } : v. to form (11.). |||, 
 To yield a cei tain result (in arillimetic) • 
 1. efficio, J those (funds) hardly 
 TO. up enough for the interest, ea vi.\ 
 in fenus qu-d satis sit ef., Cic. .Att. 6, 
 I, j: tl. Col. 5, 2 (ihiough'mt). Also 
 simple verb, facio: Col. 5, i, med. 2. 
 fieri, in: : cf. CoL 5, 2, has duas sum- 
 mas in se multii.licaio, quinquagies cen- 
 tena fiunt quinqiie millia, i.e. multiply 
 these together, and they make, etc. 3. 
 expr. by esse ad. . .when aiidilion is de- 
 noted ; reliquuni, -a esse, when sabtiac' 
 tion is denoted: Cic. Verr. j, 49, 116: 
 Col. 1. c. IV. To gain : P h r. : to m. 
 monei/, pecuniam [maximamj facere, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, 17; so, rem facere, 
 Ter. Ad. 2, 2, I2 : Hor. See also to get, 
 gain. V. To designate to an office : 
 creo, 1 ; facio, praeficiu, j : v. ti> ap- 
 point. VI. '^0 bring to a certain 
 state : 1, fkcio, j : you have made 
 the senate, tvhich was already quite firm, 
 firmer stiU, senatum, bene firmum, firnii- 
 orem fecistis, Cic. Pli. 6, 7, 18 : made gods 
 from being men, dii fact! ex hominibus, 
 id. Rep. 2, 10: Caes.: Sail. 2. reddo, 
 didi, ditum, } : to to. human life safer 
 and richer, tutiorem et opulenliorem 
 vitaiii hominum r., Cic. Rep. i, 2 : v. to 
 RENDKR. Vll- ^o represent dramati- 
 cally or other u ise : 1. facio, i : A'eTio- 
 phon m.s ."ioerates argue that. . . , X. facit 
 Socratem disputantem. . ., Cic. N. U. I, 
 12, }l •■ he m.s the wmld to be built 6y 
 ^'oci, mundum a Deo aedificiiri f., ib. i, 
 8, 19. 2. induco, 3 : v. TO introduce 
 (11.). VIII. "''" i'ai"<!' Phr.: to TO. 
 of much or little account, magni, parvi, 
 etc., facere, aestimare ; v. to value. 
 IX. ^^ fff^ce : cogo, etc. : v. TO 
 compel." X. Miscell. Phr.: to 
 TO. flesh, corpus facere, Cels. 7, 3, fin.: 
 Phaedr. : to m. war, bellum facere, Caes. 
 B. G. J, extr. : Cic. : to to. war upon 
 ami one, bellum inferre alicui, contra 
 aliquem, Cic. (v. wau) ; to m. peace be- 
 tween citizens, pacem conciliare inter 
 cives, Cic. Fam. 10, 27 (v. peace): to 
 TO. an island, a port (nautical phr.), 
 insulam, portum capere, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 26 and j6: to to. a bed, lectuni (lec- 
 tulum) vestimentis sternere, cf. Ter. 
 Heaut. ;, 1, JO: to m. a to-do, moliri.ib. 
 2, 2, 11 : to TO. a matter all right and 
 safe, rem in tuto coUocare, !b. 4, }, 11 : 
 to TO. room for any one in the street, 
 alicui (de) via decedere, PI. Am. J, 4, I : 
 Suet. : pass, decedi (impers.), to have 
 room made for one in thestreet,Cic.Sen. 
 18, 6 J. B. Intrans. : in this sense 
 Usu. foil, by prep. : v. to make against, 
 etc. 
 
 - — against: 1. obsum, irr 
 (with dat.): V. to injure (4). 2. 
 
 officio, J (to obstruct, stand in the way
 
 MAKE AMENDS 
 
 MALICE 
 
 M A N 
 
 of I with </ot.'): Join: offlcere aUjuc 
 obstare, Cic. U. Am. 2, 5. 3. expr. 
 
 by impfediniei.tii esse: v. iiiNnRANCK. 
 
 make amends: 1. conigo, e.\i, 
 cctum, ? : lu m. anumds f<n- a lault, 
 peccalum c, lor. A<1. 4, }, 2: so, c. m- 
 rorem poenilendo, Cic. in Lad. 6, 24, 
 init. : to in. amends firr sloivncss (in 
 starting) by speed, curt-u c. trtidiiatem, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, rn^d. 2. lU", 1- 
 V. TO ATONE Foil. See also uooD (TO inter 
 make). bangf. 
 
 as if: simulo, I : V. TO PUE- 
 
 TKND. 
 
 away with ; tollo, am6veo, 
 
 amolio" : v. to (iKT kid of. 
 
 for : i. e. to direct one's course 
 
 towards: pfito, ivi and ii. Hum, j (with 
 ace.): so that the I'ersians did tint m. 
 for their caniji, biU their ships, ut I'ersae 
 noncastra sed naves peierent, Nep. Milt. 
 5 : C^c. 
 
 free with : I. 'jfo ''■«i' '^''"' 
 
 freedom ; liberius utor (aliquo) . v. 
 FBEELY. II. To appropriate and use : 
 perb. averto, i : v. to embezzle. 
 
 good : saicio, resarcio, 4 : v. 
 
 GOOD (T<J MAKK). See also TO FULFIL. 
 
 haste : accelero, 1 : v. to 
 
 HA.STEN. 
 
 light of: 1. negllgo, exi, 
 
 ectuin, J ; to m. light of dangm-, pcri- 
 culum n., Cic. Fani. 14.4: loll, by inf. 
 (poet.), Hur. Od. I, 28. Jo. See also to 
 UESi'isE. 2. parvi facio, aesiimo, 
 
 pendo {in thought : wheieas negligo 
 refers to activn) : v. to esteem, vall e. 
 
 much of: magni, perniagni, 
 
 etc., aesiimu, facio ; v. HKiiu.v. 
 
 out : i. e. to establish : priibo, 
 
 obtineo, etc.: v. to peove, maintain 
 (VII.). 
 
 over : P h r. : torn, oi^er pro- 
 perty to any one, alicui de (jossessione 
 TiortorumJ cedere. Cic. Mil. 27, Jin.: 
 esp. of debtors : Dig. 42. }. The act 0/ 
 m.ing over, cessio Ixinorum, Dig. I. c. 
 
 ready : pnieparo, instruo, etc. : 
 
 V. to prepake, furnish (II.). 
 
 up: I. 7'o_/u/7ii a total: 1. 
 
 efficio, etc. : v. to make (A., HI.). 2. 
 expleo, evi, ctura, j : to m. up (com- 
 plete) a number, numerum e.\., Cic. B C. 
 }, 4, exlr. 3. suppleo, 2 (make up a 
 deficiency) .• v. to supply. ||. To 
 form 0/ different eltments : cbiefly in 
 pass., to be made up of: e.xpr. by con- 
 stare, coiisist«re, contineri, etc. : v. to 
 consist; also to compose. |||. To 
 compensate for : corrigo, ; (v. to jiake 
 amenixs) ; sarcio, resarcio, 4 (v. good, 
 roM\KE). IV. To determine : staluo, 
 deccmu, etc.: v. to detkrmink (III.). 
 P h r. : / have made up my mind to. . ., 
 sertum est deliberatumque (witli inf.), 
 Cic. R. Am. II, ? I having made up his 
 mind to die, relinquendae vitae certus, 
 Tac. A. 4, 24 : Virg. : I'lin. min. 
 
 up to : aggredior, gressus, j : 
 
 making (tubs.)- factio (rare): esp. 
 in plir. ustainenli f., the (right of) m. 
 of a will, Cic. r-'p. II, 50. U.su. expr. 
 by facii), etc. : fond oj m. docKs, 'horo- 
 iMgiorum faciendoruiii (labricandoruin) 
 studiosus, etc. v. m make. 
 
 malachite: P^rh. cbaliostnarag<los, 
 i, /. : Plin. J7. 5. '9- v'*'"'' precisli-n, 
 •lapis nialacliiti's, ae, /;i.) 
 
 maladjustment : expr. by male 
 junipiiiii : V. to adjust, aR- 
 
 PL As. }, ;, 90. 
 use of: 
 
 rO USE, EMPIXJY. 
 
 way: 
 
 } : V. TO make 
 
 utor, i ; adhibeo, 2 : v. 
 
 1. decedo, ssl, ssum, 
 (A., X.). Also cedo: 
 Join cedere fascesqiie submittere, Cic. 
 Br. 6, 22 (fig). 2. viam do, i, irr. : 
 
 m. way for me to run '. date viam qua 
 fugere liceat ! PI. Aul. j, 1, 2. 
 make (subs.) .- facies, figura : v. 
 
 FIGURE, SHAPE. 
 
 make-weight : momentum : to be 
 idded as a trifling m., pro igmibili 
 CQ. accedere, Just. •;, j, init. : ct. Dr. 
 Smith's Lat. Dici s. v. (II., 2). Or 
 2xpr. by circuml., *quod laucem incUiiet: 
 
 V. SCALES. 
 
 maker: I. in gen. sense: 1. 
 Tactor : tub-makers : doliorum factores. 
 Pall. I, 6, ad init. : Cato (rare in this 
 sense). 2. fabncaior (implying de- 
 
 sign, sicitt) : m. of tiny (curious) things, 
 minutorum opu.-culorum f., Cic. Ac. 2, 
 i8, i2r : v. FRAMEu. 3. cxpr. by 
 f?icio, } ; liibriciir, i who nas the m. of 
 these things, 'quis haec fetii aique fabri- 
 catus esti' v. to make, frame. ||, 
 Specially, llie Creator : creator, fabrl- 
 eator, etc. : v. creator, framkr. 
 
 maladministration: e.\pr.bymale 
 adminislrari: v. to aumimsfer, govern. 
 Phr. : to accuse any one of m. in a 
 province, *de piovincia male admiuis- 
 trata accusare (but the usu. lorin of 
 such an accusation at Hume was, repe- 
 tundurum s. de repetundis : as in the 
 case of Verres). 
 
 malady : morbus : v. diseasf,. 
 malapropos : intempestlve, parum 
 in teuipoie: v. i:N.SEASONABLY. 
 
 malaria : coelum grave et pestilens, 
 cf. Cic. Div. I, ;•;, ijo; aer pestilens s. 
 pestiler ■. v. lnhealthy. 
 
 malcontent : qui novis rebus studet, 
 novaruin rerum cupidus est (in i)ohticai 
 sense); cf. Sail. Cat. 28, plebs cupi<la 
 novarum rerum : Cic. See also discon- 
 tented, SEDITIOUS. 
 
 male (»''/) •■ 1. mas, maris, m. : 
 a m. snake, ni. angiiis (upp. to femina), 
 Cic. Div. 2, 29, 62 : Plin. 2. masci'i- 
 lus: a m. infant, ni. inlans, Liv. 51, 12 
 (incertus Inlans natus, masculus an 
 feralna es.set) : tlie in. S'X, m. genus, 
 I'haedr. 4, 15, 12. 3. masculinus the 
 m. organs, m. membra, I'haedr. 4, 15, 
 U : 0/ the m. sei, m. sexu>, Pllu. 4. 
 
 virilis, e (of human beings): esp. in 
 phr., of the' m. fex, v. sexus, Liv. Ji, 44 
 (opp. to niuliebris) : Suet.: Cic: al-o, 
 virile secus (ind/cl.), Uv. 26, 47: Tac. 
 As sub.'!, virilia, luni. the m. organs: 
 Petr.: Plin. 
 
 male t subs.) .• mas, maris ■ ye m.s, 
 mares! Hor. Od. i, 21, 10: inlercouise 
 of m. and fimale, congressio m. et 
 feminae, Cic. Kip. i. 24. Also mas- 
 culus: cf. prea'd. art. (2). Vhw Jree 
 m.s, libera capita virile seciis, Liv. 26, 
 47 : so, m.s and JenMles, virile ac mu- 
 liebre secus (acctis. to define a foregoing 
 subs.), Tac. H. 5, ij. 
 
 malediction: dirae, arum; exse- 
 cratio, etc. : v. curse (subs.). (Male- 
 dictum = abuse, q. v.) 
 
 malefactor : homo maleficus scele- 
 ratusque ; Cic. Verr. 5, 5;, 144 ; homo 
 nocens, noceiitissinius ; nocens et nefa- 
 rius : Cic. : v. guilty, wicked. 
 
 maleficent : maleficus, comp. -cen- 
 tior ; super, -centissimus: Cic. 
 
 malevolence : maievolenlia (gra- 
 tuitous njoicing in eviV) : Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 9. 20. See also malice. 
 
 malevolent : malevolus (bearing 
 ill-will): Cic. V. MALICIOUS. More pre- 
 cisely, (jui voluptatem capit ex alieno 
 inconiinodo : cl. Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 20. 
 
 malevolently : pro malevolo anl- 
 nio : so 7(1., tan ta malevolentia : v. pre- 
 ced. artt. 
 
 malformation: 1. Informe all- 
 quid (r^uniething misshapen): cf. Plin. 
 7, 15, 13 (mola est caro informis, in- 
 anima) : v. shapei.e.ss. 2. expr. by 
 truncus (liaring defect of some numtier) : 
 that m. (by defect of numbers) occurs in 
 the offspring of iieifertly formed parents, 
 ex iiitegris truncos gigui. I'lin. 7, 11, 10: 
 110 m of any kind, •nil truncuin neque 
 infonne (in coipore). 3. perh. offa 
 
 (poet.) ■ used ol a misshapen Jetus, Juv. 
 2, JJ. 
 
 malice: milli5v61ent;a (cf. malevo- 
 lence) : through m. and titry, m. et iii- 
 vidia, Sail. <'ai. j : a s<'ul free from 
 all taint of m. tonards others, animus 
 nulla in ceteros m. suttusus, Cic. Ham. 
 I, 9, 8. See also ill-will. (N.B. — 
 Malitia is cunumg Jor evil purposes: 
 cf. Cic. Off. ;, 17, 71. malitia vult videri 
 se esse prudtntiam : also, id. N. D. }, 
 JO, 75, est malitia versuui et fallax no- 
 cendi raiio. Malignitas i:> jealousy, and 
 ill-feeling rising out of it.) 
 
 malicious : maievoius. comp. -vo- 
 
 lentior , super, -volentissinms : Join 
 nialevoli, Iniqui, Invldi (pi.), Cic. IJaL 
 25, 56: most m. .«ia»itifrs, malevolenti?- 
 simae obtrectatlones. Id. Kam. 1, 7, 4: 
 PI. See al.so jealous, spiteful. 
 maliciously : malevolo animo : V 
 
 MALM lOr-. 
 
 maliciousness: ^ malicf:. 
 
 malign (c'j) • y malicious. Some- 
 times inlaii>tus, intaustlsslmus, may 
 serve; v. INAUSPICIOUS, unfavourable. 
 
 malign (''•) ■■ '• e. to traduce : ob- 
 trecto, 1 . to m. any one's i-irluet 
 (praises), alicujus obt. lande^, Liv. 45, 
 }■;, mtd. ; but in Cic. with dat. ol person : 
 si qui mihi obtrecit-nt, Kam. 9, 10. See 
 
 alS'J T<j DEFAME, SLANDER. 
 
 malignant : nearest word, m^levO- 
 
 lUS . comp. MALFAOLENT, MALICIOUS. As 
 
 med. t t. : malignus : e. g. •scarlatina 
 maligna, Cycl. 
 
 malignantly : malevolo animo : V 
 adj. 
 
 maligner : obtrertaior [niearum 
 laiidiuiij, Cic. Br. 1, 2. Join: Invldi 
 atque ohtreciatoreg, id. Fam. 1 , 4, mcd. 
 (Or expr. by part, of oblrecto, esp. in 
 pi: L. G. §6j8.) 
 
 malignity: \. I>eep-seated malice: 
 nearest word, malfvohntia : v. male- 
 vulf;nce. More lully, iiiveleraia male- 
 volentia atque crudelllas. ||. Of a 
 disease, virulence : vis (inorbi), Nep. 
 Att. 21 : also Impetus (sudden, violent 
 fit), Petr. 17. or i)erh. saeviila: v. st- 
 \ ERiTY. (.N.B. — By no means malig- 
 nitas.) 
 
 malleability: ducillls natuia: v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 malleable : duciiiis, e : Plin. J4, 8, 
 20 (nialhis obsequilur, ah aliis ductiU 
 appellatum). Or c.\pr. by circuml. : qui 
 nialleis tennari in lamnas (I'llu. I. c.) 
 potest ; qui nialleis obsequitur (v. supr.); 
 malleis extendi potest: cf. id. 1 1, II, 
 26. Less precisely, mollis (yielding); 
 lentus, tenax (tough, not snapping : opp. 
 to fragilis). 
 
 mallet; malleus: Plin. IJ, 11,26. 
 Uimin. iiKiUeohis (a snuxll m.), Cels. 
 
 mallow: nialva; ms easy to digest, 
 m. leves, Hor.: Cic: PUn. Also, ma- 
 liiehe or moloche, es : denoting the 
 smaller m., Plin. 20, 21, R4; 'Ae tary.r 
 m. being called malope: Plin. ib. ai(j 
 malvaceus, ofmallo", mallow-: Plin. 
 
 malpractices : male facta, dehctu 
 
 v. jnsDEED. 
 
 malt : *bordeum aqua perfusiini 
 donee germinavcrit et in fomac* tostiiiii 
 
 malt-liquor : potus ex hordeo coii- 
 fectus cf. 1 ac. G. 2j. S<'e also bkek. 
 
 maltreat : 1. ve.xa i (a strong 
 
 term) ; to m. and undo a province, (pro- 
 vinciam) v. et perdert", tie. Verr. Act. 
 I, 4, 12 : to m. (and ravage) lands, agros 
 v., Caes. B. G. 4, li. .im. Join: vex- 
 are, raptare, omni crudelltale lacerare, 
 Cic. Dom. 2}, 59- 2. niuico, i (esp. 
 
 by blows and such rough usage): to m. 
 any one within an inclt of his life, ali- 
 quem usque ad mortem m., ler. Ad. i, 
 2. 10: sot/ij/ w.ii. male muUatus, I'haedr. 
 I, }, 9. 3. pulso, I : V. TO BEAT. 
 
 4 male atque injurlose tracto : cf. 
 Cic. Man. i. init. (mercaUiribus injurio- 
 sius tractatis). 
 
 maltreatment: vexaUo: Cic.: cf. 
 preced. art. See also injury, violk.vck. 
 
 malversation : pecuiatus, us : Cic . 
 
 V. PFrUI.ATION. 
 
 mamma: mamma: Varr. In Non. 
 81, 4 (infantine term, corresponding to 
 lata = pater). 
 
 mamaal: mammas s. mamlllas 
 habens. (In pi. nianmialia, ium : stient. 
 t.t.) .. . 
 
 mammon: mammona.ae, m.: \ uig. 
 Matt. VI. 24. (But usu. belter, divitlae 
 auruni [poet.]: v. ri.hes.) 
 
 mammoth: "elephas primigenlus 
 Blumenb. . 
 
 man (subs.) : |. A humar, being 
 
 1 homo, inis, c. (incUulmg both vir 
 
 and femina; useil b<.th In Individua; and 
 
 generic sense) : J am a m. (human beir>g\ 
 
 h. sum, Ter. Heaut. i, I, 25 : Oiis a»» 
 
 459
 
 MAN-OF-WAK 
 
 MAN AG ER 
 
 MAN ICHEAN 
 
 mal. . .which we caU m., hoc animal. . . 
 quem vocamus hominem, Cic. Leg. t, 1, 
 22 ; as implying liability to error : great 
 indeed they are, but still men, summi 
 enim sunt, homines tamen, Quint. lo, i, 
 25. A young m. (olten), homo ado- 
 lescens, Cic. de Or. i, 25, 117 : Ter. Ph. 
 5, 8, 52, etc. also, h. adolescenlulus, 
 Ter. (rarely so in later writers). Adj. 
 htimanus {of or relating to man, in 
 widest sense); cf. Ter. Heaut. i, i, i;, 
 human! nihil, nothing relating to a Jel- 
 low-nuxn. Dimins. homuiiculus, homun- 
 cio, homullus (tbe first of which is most 
 usual) ■ we poor, petty men, nos homun- 
 culi, Sulpic. in Cic. Fam. 4, 5. i' Cic. 
 2. in pi. mortales, ium (esp. in 
 Sail.) • Sail. Cat. 2, med., etc. (N.B.— 
 With masc. adjj. in pi., the word muin is 
 rarely expressed • cf. L. G. $ ?59-) II. 
 Generically, the human species ■ 1, 
 homo; hSmines: cf. snpr. (I., 1). 2. 
 genus hominum : Sail. Jug. 2, init. (ge- 
 nus h. eompositum ex corpore et animo 
 est). Phr. ■ the Son of man, Kilius 
 hominis. Vulg. Matt. xxv. 31, etc. |j|. 
 An individual of the male sex : vtr, 
 viri ; often used in preference to homo, 
 when the existence of such qualities as 
 courage, genius, etc., is implied : he bore 
 his pain like a m., tulit dolorem ut vir, 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 5J (it is added, et, ut 
 homo, majorem ferre sine causa noluit, 
 1. e. as man instinctively shrinks from 
 pain : cf. supr. II., 1) uniuorthy of the 
 characters of great men, non satis dig- 
 num summorum virorum personis, Nep. 
 pref. init. Less freq. with bad epithets, 
 as turpissimi viri. Sail. Jug. 85. Adv. 
 vlritim, man by man (distributively) : 
 Cic. : Suet. An old man, s6nex, is (v. 
 OLD) a young m., adolescens, adolescen- 
 tulus (cf. supr. I., 1); juvenis: see also 
 TouNO. Phr.: you must play the m., 
 vobis necesse est fortibus viris esse, Liv. 
 21, 44,y(>i. .■ I call upon you to play the 
 m., vos moneo uti forti atque parato 
 animo sitis, Cic. Cat. 58, m£d. ; all to a 
 m., omnes (uuiversi, cuncti) ad unum, 
 Cic. Am. 25, 86: Liv. |V. A fighting 
 man : miles, itis • Caes. : Liv. pass. 
 But very often, in such exprr. as our 
 men, his men, the poss. prons. alone are 
 used : cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 24, quibus rebus 
 noslri (= nostri milites) perterriti, etc. ; 
 but the subs, may also be expr., cf. ib. 
 2;, nostris militibus cunctanlibus. Their 
 men, i. f. the enemy, may either be expr. 
 by hostes (Caes. ; Liv. pass.), or by illi : 
 cf. Caes. 1. c. 24, quum illi. . . .audacter 
 tela conjicerent, etc. In enumerating 
 losses after an engagement, the subs, is 
 usu. implied in some other word: the 
 enemy lost 1500 men slain in the battle, 
 MD. hostium in acie periere (caesi), Liv, 
 22, 7, init. V- ^" chess, etc. : 1. 
 calciilus (lit. piibble, games of the kind 
 being played with round pebbles') : Ov. 
 A. A. J, J58: Mart. 2. latro, onis, 
 
 TO. • Ov. I. c. %$") : Mart. Also, latrun- 
 culus: Sen. Ep. 106, 11. 3. miles, 
 itis, m. (the pieces representing soldiers) : 
 Ov. A. A. 2, 207 
 man-of-war ; ■'navis longa maxima, 
 man (aty.) .• mas, mascfllus v male. 
 man ("•) ■' I. ^o furnish ships 
 
 vnth crews: compleo, evi, etum, 2: to 
 TO. a fleet with farm-labourers and shep- 
 herds, classem colonis pastoribusque c, 
 Caes. B. C. i, 56 (the usu. expr. is sociis 
 navalibus c, Liv. 24, 11, extr.). See also 
 TO EQniP, II. To guard tvith men: 
 P li r. : not garrison enough to m. the 
 nails, praesidii tantum ut ne mums 
 quidem ciiigi possit, Caes. B. G. 6, 36 : 
 the inhabitants m.'d et'ery house and 
 wall, *oppidani in omnibus aedibus parie- 
 tibusque detensores aderant . to m. and 
 defend every position, omnia tueri atque 
 obire, Liv. 21, 8, init. See also to 
 
 DEFEND. 
 
 man-servant : servus, famulus, 
 
 puer v. 8EK\ ANT, SLAVE. 
 
 man-stealer ; v. kidnapper. 
 
 manacle (subs.) .- l manica, usu. 
 pi.: V. HANDCUFF 2. compes, gdis, 
 
 m. (strictly /or the feet, as manicae /or 
 the hamls) ; v. FtTTEK. 
 460 
 
 manacle («•) • manicas (alicui) in- 
 jicio, etc. ; V. handcuff. See also to 
 
 BIND, fetter. 
 
 manage : I. ^o attend to ; 1, 
 ciiro, prociiro, I (the latter, of m.ing 
 some one's business for him) : v to 
 attend to (4, 5). 2. administro, i 
 (esp. on a large scale) : to m. one's for- 
 tune, rem familiarem ad. Cic. Inv. i, 25, 
 35 : to inquire into and m. the entire 
 business, totam rem coguoscere et ad., 
 id. Fam. 13, 11 . to to. the common- 
 wealth, a province, etc., remp., provin- 
 ciam ad., Cic. : v. to administep.. 3. 
 gero, ssi, stum, 5 (esp. but not solely, of 
 public affairs) : to m. and govern the 
 state, g. et adininistrare remp., C!ic. Fin. 
 3, 20, 68 (suam rem bene gerere et pub- 
 licam, Enn. in Cic. Fam. 7,6). Join: 
 [nostra] gerere, regere, gubemare, Cic. 
 Att. 16, 2, ad init. 4. dispenso, i 
 (as a steward) : to to. domestic affairs, 
 res domesticas d., Cic. Att. 11, 1. 5. 
 moderor, i v. to control, govern. 
 II. To preside over, direct: admi- 
 nistro, giiberno, etc. : v, supr. (2, 3) ; 
 and to (jovern. |||, To control a 
 
 horse, ship, etc. : Phr.: to be weU able 
 to TO. a horse, equo optime uti, Cic. 
 Deiot. 10, 20 : skilful in m.ing a horse, 
 habiUs equo, Liv. 24, 48, med. : cf. equum 
 moderari ac fiectere, Caes. B. G 4, 33: 
 so, to TO. a ship {control its course), na- 
 vim moderari, Cic. Inv. i, 51, 154 : see 
 also TO control. 
 
 manageable: 1. tractabtlis, e 
 (both in matt-rial and mental sense): a 
 kind (f sickle short and to. even among 
 brambles, falcium genus, breve ac vel 
 inter vepres quoque tr., Plin. 18, 28, 67 
 } 261 : nothing could be vwre m. than 
 he (my son) is, nihil est eo tractabilius, 
 (3ic. Att. 10, 11,2 Suet. : Ov. 2. 
 habilis, e: v. handy. 3. lacilis, e 
 (easy to work) : cf. Plin. 16, 43, 84, facilis 
 fagus : a stronger term being obediens, 
 obedientissimus (1. c), denoting the fit- 
 ness of matetial to be wrought icith 
 tools : 7)1. boivs, f. arcus, Val. Fl. 4. 
 (locilis : v. teachable, docile. 
 
 management- I. superintend- 
 
 ence, cmitrol : 1. cnra. (act of mind- 
 
 ing, attending to) .• the TO. of other people's 
 affairs, c. rerum alienanim, Cic. Off. i, 
 9, 30 : m. of public affairs, c. rerum 
 publicarum. Sail. Jug. i, init. : often 
 denoting a special office of superintend- 
 ence, as, c. operum publicorum, aerarii, 
 etc.. Suet. Also, curatio (the act of 
 managing). Cic; Liv.. and procuratio 
 (in behalf of another), Cic. ; Varr. 2. 
 admlnistratio (esp. of public affairs) : 
 Cic: Suet.: m. of private funds, ipecuUi 
 ad., Ulp. Dig. 3. dispensatio (as o/'a 
 steieard) : to. of the treasury, d. aerarii, 
 Cic. Vat, 15, 36. 4. moderatio (rare 
 in this sense): Cic. N. D. 3, 35, 85 
 (^ govei-nment). 5. tractatio (dealing 
 with, treatm.ent of) : the m. of im.portant 
 affairs, rerum magnarum tr. et usus, 
 Cic. Rep. 3, 3 : of the voice, tr. atque 
 usus vocis, id. Or. 18, 59. 6. gestio 
 
 (v. rare): Cic. 7. oeconomia (of a 
 plot in a literary work) : Quint. 3, 3, 9. 
 (Or expr. by verb: a treatise on the m. 
 of artillery, *de administrandis tormen- 
 tis scriptus litter ; but also, de adminis- 
 tratione .. ., cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 2.) 
 II. Skill, address : Phr. lie gained his 
 ends by m. rather than by force, *con- 
 silio atque arte (artificio) potius quam 
 vi quae concupiverat consecuttis est v. 
 codnsel, artifice. 
 
 manager; |. In gen. sense . 1. 
 curator (most oft., a special magistrate i 
 or a guardian) : v. overseer, guardian 
 (II., 3). Also procurator (a to. for 
 anothei-): v. agent and in/V II. 2. 
 
 administrator (of public affairs) : Cic. 
 3. mSdgrator (controller) : Cic. : 
 TO. of steeds, m. equorum, Ov. M. 4, 245. 
 \\, Steward, majordomo: 1. pro- 
 curator. Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 249. 2. 
 dispen-sator : v. paymaster, steward. 
 III. Chief of a company, etc.: 
 niagister: Cic. Ve"rr. 2, 2, 74. 182 (in. 
 societatis). |V. Of a theatre . de- 
 signator (scenarum) : Inscr. in Forcell. 
 
 mandarin : * mandannus (qui dl- 
 
 citur). 
 
 mandate ; mandatum, impSratum 
 (esp. ill pi.), etc. • v. command (s^ibs.). 
 
 mandible: maxiiia: v. jaw. (In 
 insects, perh. mandibula, orum ; used 
 Macr. Sat. 7, 4, m£d., of the eating appa- 
 ratus of men.) 
 
 mandragora i mandragSras, ae, m. : 
 
 mandrake 5 Col. 10, 20: Plin. (ace. 
 to tbe latter, 25, 15, 94, the plant was 
 also called Circaeon ; and was of two 
 kinds, male or white, candidus qui et 
 mas ; and female or black, iiiger qui 
 femina existimatur : the former perh. = 
 Atropa mandragora, Linn.). 
 
 mandncate: mando, manduco: v. 
 to chew. 
 
 mane -. 1. juba : of a horse, Cic. 
 Div. 1, 33, extr.: Virg. : Gell. 2. 
 
 coma: Pall. 4, 13, ad init.: Gell. 5, 14 
 (comae cervicum leonis). Having a 
 flouring m., conians, ntis (esp. as epith. 
 of tlie neck of an animal). Virg. Aen. 
 12, 86. 
 
 manful t virllis, fortis, etc. : v 
 manly, 
 
 manfollr: vlrfllter: Cic Tusc 2, 
 27, 65: etc. See also bravely. 
 
 manfalness : animus virilis ; virile 
 ingeiiium : v. manly. 
 
 mange: scabies, ei: (lito; Col.; less 
 freq. scabiities, ei : v. itch (I.;. 
 
 manger : I. A trough in which 
 
 fodder is laid for cattle : pat ina quae 
 dicitur, hoc est alreus ad hordeum miiiis- 
 trandiini: Vfg. Vet. i, 56, init. jj, 
 A cattle stall: praesepe, is, n.; stabti- 
 lum : V. stall, stable. (Vulg. Luc. 
 ii. 7, reel ina vit eum in praesepio, she 
 laid him in a m.) 
 
 manginess ; scabrities, ei : v. itch 
 (I.). 
 
 mangle (subs^: perh. prelum: v. 
 
 PRESS. 
 
 mangle (i^-) ■• I. To lacerate: 1. 
 liinio, I • to yidd one's fl^sh to be m.d, 
 viscera (sua) lanianda praebere, Liv. i, 
 9: freq. of tearing by wild beasts, Cic. 
 Fam. 7, I, med. : lo m. frightfully, foede 
 I., Tac. H. I, 41, extr. Strengthened, 
 dilanio, i : v, to tear in pieces. 2. 
 IScero, I (usu. denoting a less violent 
 action than lanio) . in this sense, chi> fly 
 poet; Ov. ; Phaedr.: v. to lacekafe. 
 Also dilacero, i (strengthened fr^m 
 simple verb) : Cat. • Ov. jj. To press 
 linen : *lintea prelo premere. 
 
 mangled (part, adj.): 1. lacer, 
 6ra, erum (poet.): Virg. Aen. 6, 495. 
 2. truncus: v. mutilatfj). 
 
 mangling (subs.): 1. laniatus, 
 lis (esp. by wild beasts) : Cic. : Just. 
 2, laceratio (rare): Cic. in Pis. 18, 
 42. (Or expr. by verb.) 
 
 mangy : 1. scaber, bra, brum : to. 
 sheep, m. oves Cato K. R. 96 ; Col. 2. 
 less freq. scabiosus: Col. 'I'o be to., 
 scabie laborare v. mange. 
 
 manhood : I. Human nature : v. 
 humanity (1.). II, Man's estate: 1. 
 pfiljertas (the period of puberty) : during 
 the first years after his attaining to m., 
 primis pubertatis annis. Just. 9, 6 : Suet. 
 2. virilitas (late and rare): Plin. 
 33, 12, 54. 3. more freq. expr. by 
 ti5ga virilis s. piira (meton.) : from to. 
 (upuard), usque a t. pura. Cic. Att. 7, 8, 
 fin.: the former year brought him to 
 m., superior annus virilem t, dedit, id. 
 Sext. 69, 144: tu attain to to., t. virilem 
 sumeie. id. Ph. 2, 18, 44. Comp. prae 
 textJitus, not having attained to m., Cic. 
 I. c. 4. matured m., constans aetas : 
 Cic. Sen. 10, 33 
 
 mania : 1. perh. cacoethes, is, n. ; 
 Jiiv. V. itch. 2. more precisely, 
 morbus et insania: Cic. Verr. 4, init, 
 (de Verris signorum cupiditate). Phr.: 
 to have a perfect m. for anything, alt- 
 cujus rei ad insaniam studiosum esse, 
 cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 35, 87 : he has a m. 
 for brasses, stupet in aere, Hor. S. I, 
 4, 28. 
 
 maniac: homofuriosus, vecors, etc: 
 
 V. MAD. 
 
 manichean: as suits.. Manichaeus, 
 / -a Cod. Just. I, 5, 4 : Aug. As 04;,
 
 MANIFEST 
 
 MANTLE 
 
 M A N Y 
 
 the M. diKtrines, *Maneiis j. Manichae- 
 orum ratio, ductrin.i, dogmata. 
 
 manifest ('J<0')' 1. manifestus 
 (esp. of crimes) : m. and dttecttd crime, 
 ecelus m^atque rcprchensuai, Cic. Cat. j, 
 5, II: cf. manikf:stlv. 2. perspi- 
 
 cuus: to render anything m. (indisput- 
 able), aliquid p. faccre, Cic. K. Am. "j, 
 18. Join: tarn aptrtum tamque pcr- 
 gpicuum, id. N. D. 2, 1, 4. 3. apenus, 
 e videos : v. evidknt. 4. promptus; 
 also in promptu (J/rought out to vieu- ; 
 visible at once): Join: prutupla et 
 aperta («. pi.), Cic. Fin. i, 50, }o : 
 promptus et propositus, id. R. Am. 40, 
 118. 7b be m. (of a truth), in promptu 
 esse (opp. to recondita quadam ratione 
 cerni), id. Off. I, 27, 9;. See also cleab 
 
 (V.) ; KVIliENT (TO BE). 
 
 manifest (I') : l, declare, l : </t€ 
 gods often in. their jiresi^ice, divi prae- 
 Hentiiim saepe suam d., Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 
 6 : cl. TO EXPRbLSs (II., 5). 2. ostendo, 
 J : V. TO Disi'i^Y. 3. manifesto, i 
 
 (rare): to m. gralitiule, gratam volun- 
 tatem m.. Just. 24, 6, extr. (N.B. — In 
 theol. sense, Vulg. i Tim. iii. 16.) To 
 m. itself (as any good quality may 
 do), elucere, enitescere : v. to display 
 (itself). 
 
 manifestation: I. Display, out- 
 ward showing : P h r. : to be received 
 with lively m.s of pleasure, effusius ex- 
 cipi, Suet. Ner. 22 : cf. id. 41, athletas 
 effusissimo studio spectavit: the people 
 received me with the liveliest m.s of 
 joy, 'populus gaiidia ob meum reditum 
 apertissime declarabat. ||, Act of 
 
 maitifeiting : esp. as theol. 1. 1.: mani- 
 festatio : cf. to manifest (3). 
 
 manifestly : 1. manifesto or -e 
 (cf. MANIFEST, 1) : m. detected crime, 
 facinus manifesto compertum, Cic. Clu. 
 14, fin. : in later authors simply = en- 
 dently, palpably : Pliii. 2, 45, 69. m. os- 
 tendere [de spongiis). (N.B. — M.-guilty 
 may also be expr. by manifestus alone : 
 e. g. manifestus taiiti s-celeris. Sail. Jug. 
 }j : Cic.) 2. aperte, perspicue, etc. : 
 V. EVIDENTLY. 3, expr. by apparet, 
 liquet: V. evident (to be). 
 
 manifesto: perh. edictum: V. pro- 
 clamation. 
 
 manifold : I. Hany tim/;s multi- 
 plied : chiefly fig. : to yidd a m. return, 
 miros, maximos, mirificos fructus efferre, 
 cf. Cic. Sen. j, fin. : ad Br. i, j, med. 
 II. Various, in many forms : 1, 
 multiplex, icis: extensive and m. dis- 
 cipline, magna et m. disciplina (artis), 
 Cic. de Or. i, 51, 222: m. {more than 
 one) meanings of woids, m. verliorum 
 potestates, Auct. Her. 4, 54. 2. va- 
 rius: v. various. 3. multiformis, e 
 (late): Plin. 
 
 maniple : '« o Roman legion, manl- 
 piilus : Caes. : Liv. By m.s, niaiiipu- 
 latim : Liv. : Tac. 
 
 manipulate : tracto, i : with or 
 
 without manibus : v. to handle. 
 
 manipulation : expr. by tracto : the 
 material rtquirts m^st careful m., *ea 
 materia diligentissime ac subtilissime se 
 manibus tractari postulat. 
 
 mankind : genus hominum s. hu- 
 manum : Cic: v. human (1, 2). Or 
 often, simply homines : it is the way 
 vith m., est mos hominum, Cic. Br. 
 21, 84. 
 
 manliness : 1. Pxpr. by vir, vlri- 
 lis, virillter : to act with becoming m., 
 •sicut virum dccct se gerere; viriliter 
 agere ; fortem atque virilem promere 
 anmium: v. manly. 2, virtus, for- 
 lltiido: V. cotjRAGE, fortitude. 
 
 manly : |. Belonging to man, 
 
 naturally : virilis, e : the m. toga, toga 
 v., Cic. : V. manhood. ||, Sliouing 
 
 the spirit of a man : 1. virilis, e 
 (becoming a true man) : Join: fortis 
 et virilis, Cic. de Or. }, 59, 220 (i. e. 7iot 
 weak or effeminate): also, id. Tusc. 3, 
 10, 22 (fortis et, ut ita dicam, virilis 
 ratio atque sententia, a m. philosophy) : 
 et alibi. Also absol., Quint. 9, 4, j : 
 Just. Adv. viriliter, in a m. way: 
 Join: viriliter animoque magno, CMc. 
 Off. 1. ^^, 94. 2. expr. by vir; e. g. 
 
 dignum viro et decorum, Cic. Off. 1. c. : 
 if. ib. I, 2;, 83 : it is m. to. . ., virorum 
 fortiuni est (with inf.), cf. id. Tusc. 2, 
 18,4!. 3. ginfirosus (>/o6/<;-s^n<e</); 
 cf. Cic. TiLsc. 2, 6, 16, quaedam generosa 
 virtus, a manly virtue (refusing to allow 
 pain to be the greatest evil): cf. Veil. 
 2, 12?, rxlr. (vir siiuplicitatls generosis- 
 siniai'). 
 
 manna : manna (indecl.) : Vulg. 
 Hi-br. ix. 4: Ten. (Man, indeed, Exod. 
 xvi. }i.) 
 
 manner: I. n'av: 1. mSdus: 
 
 m. of life, vitae m., Cic. Sen. 21, 77: 
 after the m. of, nvxlo, in modum {not in 
 modo), ad modum, full, by gen., or with 
 adjective: in the m. of slaves, servorum 
 modo, Liv. 59, 26, med. : in a surprising 
 m., mirum in m., Caes. B. G. i, 41 : Cic. 
 
 2. ratio, onis, /. (strictly, course, 
 proceeding) : our men resist in the same 
 m. as on tlie pievious day, eadem r. qua 
 pridif ab nostris resistitur, Caes. B. G. ;, 
 40: cf. quibus rationibus, id. B. C. J, 8j, 
 extr. 3. 'Via (course, mode of pro- 
 cedure : a fig. expr.): v. way. Plir. : 
 in the m. of, ritu, vlcem (v. like, adv.) : 
 in this m., sic, ita (v. thus): in what 
 7/1., quomodo (v. how): '« vhatsoever 
 m., quocunque modo, Hor. Ep. i, 1, 66. 
 
 II. Custom : esp. in phr. manners 
 and customs: 1, institutura : esp. 
 pi. (established usages), Caes. B. G. init. : 
 Val. Max. 2, 6 (de externis institutis, 
 title). 2. mos, moris, ni. : he said it 
 Has not in accordance with Greek m.s, 
 negavit moris esse Graecorum, Cic. Verr. 
 2, 2, 26, 66. Join: in more positum 
 institutoque msyorum, id. Agr. 2, init. : 
 V. CUSTOM. Ill, Good manners: d6- 
 corum : v. decency, propriety. See 
 also politeness, refinement. 
 
 mannered (part, adj.): moratus 
 (having certain manners or morals): 
 cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 45,/».: PI. 
 
 mannerism : perh. mala affectatio : 
 cf. Quint. 8, }, 56 (the term is applicable 
 to whatever is strained and unnaturai 
 in style) : Suet. 
 
 mannerly: nrbanus: v, polite. 
 
 mannikin : homunculus, homuncio, 
 homuUus: v. man. 
 
 manoeuvre (subs.): |. Military 
 device or arrangement : 1. sometimes 
 consilium imperatorium (= Gr. trTpanj- 
 yi)|u.o. a stratagem): Cic. N. I), j, 6, 15. 
 2. sometimes expr. by cunvertere 
 agnien (to alter or reverse the line of 
 march): cf. Front, i, 5, IJ, converso 
 agmine, exercitiim incoluraem rediixii, 
 by means of this m. he brought back his 
 army safe. (But very often not expr. 
 by any single word : by this m., quo 
 facto, qua re, cf. F'ront. 2, 4, pass.) ||, 
 Evolution of troops : decursus, as ; de- 
 cursio: v. "evolution. |||, Artifice: 
 ariificium, dSlus : v. contrivance, 
 scheme. 
 
 manoeuvre (f) : expr. by espiico, 
 I (with pron. refl.); or decurro, j: v. 
 TO FORM (111.); deploy; evolutiov. 
 
 manor: .K*'"- term, *praediiim. 
 
 manse: *parOchi «. presbyteri aedes. 
 
 manservant: servus, famulus: v. 
 
 slave. 
 
 mansion: dSmus, tis,/.; insula (i«< 
 out to various parties) : v. house. 
 
 manslaughter : homicidium : v. 
 
 HOMICIDE (11.). 
 
 mantelet < 1. ^"'nca (moveable 
 mantlet (pentlumse for attack): to 
 bring vp the m.s against a town, vineas 
 ad oppidum agere, Caes. B. G. i, 12; 
 cliise to the ualls, v. [et aggerem] muro 
 adjungere, Liv. 57, 26, med. 2. plu- 
 teus or -um ; pi. plutei (similar to pre- 
 ccd.): to take (apla^e) by means of m.s, 
 vineis et pluteis capere, Liv. J4, 17, extr. 
 
 3. testudo, inis,/. (formed by juxta- 
 position of shieUls) : Caes. 
 
 mantle (subs.) : palla (lady's) : vom 
 out of doors (Varr. L. L. 5, }o, i;i): a 
 gorgeous m. covers their feet, tegit p 
 superba pedes, Ov, Am. j, u, 26 : Mart. 
 For other kinds of mantle, v. cloak. 
 
 mantle (i') ; »• e. to overspread : 
 perh. suffundo, fudl, fusum, j : cl. Virg. 
 (i. I, 4}o, si (Luna) virglneum Buffuderit 
 
 ore ruborem, "if the m. her faee uitt 
 maidenly red:' 80 jjoss. rejl., suffundi 
 ora (aux. of closer dehu.) rubore, Ov. M. 
 I, 484- 
 
 mantle-Piece: perh. plfiteus qui 
 supra caniinum exstat. 
 
 manual (adj.) expr. by manna ; (0 
 get a (scanty) living by m. labour, 
 maiiuum mercede in(jpiam tiderare, SalL 
 Cat. J 7 : J#i. labour, *upera quae manibua 
 e.xL-rcetur. (Cic has manu atque opera. 
 Off. 2, 4, 14, but not in the precise sen:>e 
 required.) 
 
 manual (subs.): enchiridion, llbel- 
 
 lUS : V. IIAHD-BOOK. 
 
 manufactory: 1, officina (a 
 tvoikshop, laboratory, etc.): ni.j of aimx 
 armorum ol., Caes. B. C. i, 34: called 
 off. terrariae, Auct. B. Afr. 20. 2. 
 fabrica (more freq. denotes the trade or 
 a aft): V. w<)i;k»hop. 
 
 manufacture (sabs.): fabrtca: m. 
 of brass and iion, aeris el ferri f., Cic. 
 N. L). 2, 60. 150: Quint. Also, ars fa- 
 brica, Paul I 'ig. a, 7, 19, } I. 
 
 manufacture (y.) : labrlojr, 1 ; also 
 fabrico, i (applicable to the uork of 
 artists as uell as of manujacturers or 
 craftsmen: cf. Cic. Off. i, 41, 147, qui 
 signa tabricantur = sculptors) : to m. 
 thunderbolts for Jupiter, Jovi fuUneD 
 (fulmiiia) fabricdri, Cic. Div. 2, 19, init 
 Also, labrjfacio, } ; esp. in p. part, la- 
 brefactus : m.d iron (opp. to iron in the 
 l)ar or unurought), ferrum fabrefactum, 
 cf. Liv. 26, 21, argenti acrisque labre- 
 facti vis. (N.B.— Not manu faclus, which 
 simply = artificial, opp. to tiatural.) 
 See abo TO WEAVE, cast (IV.), etc. 
 
 manufacturer: i- e. one who car- 
 ries on a manufactory, *qui oSiciiiam 
 (ferrariam, etc.) habet 
 
 manufacturing {part. adj.) : Phr. : 
 m. industry, artes fabricae (v. makd- 
 facture, subs.): a m. town, *urbs t. 
 oppidum cujus incolae officinarum fruc- 
 tibus aluutur ; urbs labricis florens, in- 
 signis. 
 
 manumission: manimissio: Cic. 
 
 manumit : mantimitto, misi, ^um, 
 jr Pi.; cic: also as two words; cf. 
 Cic. Mil. 21, 57, cur igitur eos manu- 
 misit.' with ib. 22, init., manu vero cur 
 niiserit (:= cur vtro manumiserit) i See 
 also TO emancipate, liberate. 
 
 manure {subs.) l. stercus, 6ri«, 
 n. (strictly, animal): three kinds cf 
 (animal) m., tria genera stcrcoris. Col. », 
 15, init.: cf. Varr. K. K. i, }8: to serve 
 excellently as (a substitute for) m., op- 
 timi s. vim praebere, Col. 2, 15, med. 
 (N.B. — Cato uses the term stercus of 
 artificial manure, R. K. 37.) 2. •**- 
 tauien, inis, n. (of any kind) : Pall. }, I, 
 eic. (rare). 3. fimus: v. dung. 
 
 manure ('-'•) : 1. stercOro, i : Cato : 
 Varr. : Cul. : Plin. 2. laelif ico. i (in 
 gen. sense, to fertilize) : cf Plin. 18, 12, 
 }o $ 120, solum in quo sata est laetificat 
 stercoris vice. (Or expr. by slercore *. 
 timo saiurare, to m. thoroughly, cf. Virg. 
 G. I, 80.) 
 
 manured, well : 1. stercorssui: 
 
 a thoroughly well vi. >pot, locus stercoro- 
 sissimus, Caito R. R. 46: Col. 2. 
 stercoriitus : superl. locus sterooratis- 
 simus. Col. II, 2, ad fn. 
 
 manuring (subs.) : stercOratlo: Van-.; 
 Plin. 
 
 manuscript: •nber s. codex manu- 
 scriptiis: il. L. (Sometimes autogra- 
 phus •= the original m. : v. autograph.) 
 Phr.: he left various works in m., 
 *complures 'libros in scrinio necdnm 
 vulgatos reliquit. 
 
 many: 1. multi, ae, a: m. verf 
 brave and exctllent men, m. fortissimi 
 atque optimi viri, Cic. Fam. 5, 17, med. 
 (when a separate emphasis is laid on 
 the multi as well as on the second 
 adjective, a coty. must be used ; e. g. 
 multis magnisque polliciiationibns, by 
 many offers, and those liberal iines, Nep. 
 Eum. ? : on the contrary, niulii per- 
 fect i homines, many perfect scholars, 
 not multi et perfectl, (1c de Or i, j, 10; 
 the multi having no emphasis apart 
 from the perfecti) : one <^ the m. {Uu 
 461
 
 MANV, A GOOD 
 
 MARCH 
 
 MARK 
 
 common herd), uuus e (dn) mullis, Oic. 
 Fin. 2, 20, 66, etc. : poet, in sing. = many 
 a . . .: Virg. E. i, J4 (nmUa victinia): 
 Hor. Very m., permulti, Cic. : Caes. 
 (I>ut also plurimi, rather stronger than 
 permulti). 2. plerique, aeque, aquc 
 (a coiisidarabJe number: soraetinie> i/ie 
 greater ji umber or mujoiity) : cf. Cic. 
 Inv. I, 2b, Jin., multi nihil pri>desse phi- 
 losopliiani, plerique etiani i.bessc arbi- 
 trantur (which proves that plerique de- 
 lioles naturally kss than multi) : ct. id. 
 de Or. I, 6, 22: lac. Also sing, with 
 collect, sabss. : m. of the young men, 
 pleraque Juventus, Sail. 3. com- [ 
 
 plures, a; alsn, ia, ium (^sereral; a good j 
 many): Ten: Cic: v. mamv (a <i(x>D). i 
 (N B.— Complures denotes a smaller 
 number than plerique; not more than 
 might be counted.) In same sense also 
 plures, a: cf. Cic. Rep. i, 35, plus fore 
 dicunt in t/luribus consilii quam in uno 
 (i. e. a nuinber of persons; as distin- 
 guished from one). 4. expr. by fre- 
 quens, creber (0/ many together in one 
 place, or near each nthei) : there irere 
 very m. of us present (i» the senate), 
 sane frequentes fuimus, Cic. y. Kr. 2, i, 
 1 : very in. buildings {croirded togethe)'), 
 creberrima aediticia, Caes. B. G. 5, 12. 
 5. muliiplr.x, ieis (^inany and cari- 
 ous) : V. MANIFOLD. 
 
 many, a good : 1. aliquammulti, 
 ae, a (or separately) : rare in good au- 
 thurs: Cii:. Verr. 4, 2?, 56; Gell. : Apul. 
 2. coniplure.s, a or ia : a good m. of 
 our men, c. nostri milites, Caes. B, G. 1, 
 52: having baill a good m. rafts, c. 
 raiilms faclio, ib. i-, 8 : Cic. biinin. 
 coniplusculi (a pretty good m.): Per.: 
 Gell. 3. plerique, aeque, iique (more 
 than complures) v. m-^nv (2). 
 
 , as: qiiot . . . tot (indecl.): as 
 
 many cau.^es as persons, quot honiin s 
 tot causae, Cic de Or. 2. J2. 140: Hi.r. 
 As m. timef, quo'ies . . . toties, Cic. 
 
 . how: <Juot, indecl.: both as 
 
 interrog. ani in exclamations : Cic. 
 How m. time.'^, quoties, Cic: Virg. 
 
 , so: tot, mcitci. ; Cic: Hor. So 
 
 TO. times, loiies, Cic. : Liv. 
 
 many-coloured : multicolor, oris 
 
 (rare): Plin. Apul. Also muliicolonis, 
 a, um : (iell. (Belter multis s. variis 
 coloribus distinclus.) 
 
 many-headed : *multiceps, cipitis : 
 after anal, ol triceps, etc. 
 
 many-sided: I. I>it.: v. multi- 
 LATKiiAL. II, Fig.: of various, ver- 
 satile nature: nearest word perh. va- 
 rius cf. Cic. Ac. i, 4, i^, varius et mul- 
 tiplex et copiosus [de Platipne]: cf. Sail. 
 Cat. ;, where it is used in bad sense, 
 capable of wearing any mask or perh. 
 multiformis (with some such preamble 
 as, ut it.i dicam): v. manifold. 
 
 many-times : saepe, saepenumero : 
 
 V. OFTEN. 
 
 map (,subs.) : tabula: Cic. Alt. 6, 2, 
 2: M. L. (sometimes, f'om tlie context, 
 it may be necessary to add giographica, 
 regionis, etc.). Phr. : a parchm/'id m. 
 of the. xvoiid, depictus orbis lerrae in 
 membrana, Suet. Dom. 10, med. 
 
 map ("•) '■ usu. to map out : 1, 
 designo, i : Vitr : v. to lay out (III.). 
 2. describo, psi, ptum, j : esp. to 
 divide, distribute : ct. Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 
 populum in iribus tres curiasque tri- 
 ginta descripserat (had mapped or pm- 
 tioned out) : v. to mark out. 
 
 maple : Scer, gris, n. : Plin. : Ov. 
 Of m., iiviple-, acernus, Virg. Aeii. 2, 
 112 ; Hor. 
 
 mar (« ) •• 1. foedo, i (physically) : 
 V. TO DiSFiGnRE. 2. deformo, i : esp. 
 flg., to m. mani/ good qualities by a 
 single fault, multa bona uno vitio d., 
 Liv. JO, 14, extr. : Quint. 3. cor- 
 
 nimpn, J : v. to <orrupt, spoil. 
 
 marauder: praedator (plunderer) : 
 for which \n pi. may be used, praedantes 
 (milites): praedatoria manus: v. plun- 
 derer. 
 
 marauding («4?") •• praedatorius : 
 e.g. pr. manus: SiiU. Jug. io,fn. Also 
 praedabuiidus, to be used in apposition, 
 after its subs. : Liv. 2, 26. 
 462 
 
 marauding (S"***).' praedatio: Veil. : 
 Tac. 
 
 marble (subs.): marmor, oris, n. : 
 Cic. : Hor. : to hew m. (in the quarry). 
 m. caedere, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, i, 56, 14'j 
 (lapidem caedere et apportare machina) : 
 to cut m. into veneer, m. in crustis 
 secare, Plin. 36, 6, 6 : to overlay walls 
 u-ith m., parieies crusta marmoris ope- 
 rire, ib ^ 7. Also may denote a mmiu- 
 ment or other vxrrk in m., Hor. Oil. 4, 
 8,13. 
 
 marble (o<lj-) .• marmoreus : used 
 both lit. and tig. : m. neric (nhite as 
 marble), m cervix. Virg. G. 4, 523 : Ov. 
 (When ^unjerlii,g, insi-nsible, uie fer- 
 reus, saxeus [rare], durus : v. hakd- 
 
 HEARTEU.) 
 
 marble (".) •■ *'n speciem mannoris 
 versicoloris piiigere. 
 
 marble-worker : mannorarius : Sen. 
 Ep. 88, 15. 
 
 March : Martins (mensis) : Cic. : 
 Plin. 
 
 march (subs.) : |. of soldiers : 
 
 I. Iter, ilineris, n. (any journey) : 
 to direct one's m. towards a place, i. 
 habere (with ace. of name of town to 
 nhich), Cic Att. 8, 11, D: also, 1. in ali- 
 quam terram intendere, Liv. 21, 29 : to 
 hasten a m., i. maturare, Caes. B. C. 1, 
 6?; properare, lac. A. 15, 12: an un- 
 safe, dangerous m., i. infestum, pericu- 
 losum, Cic. Ph. 12. 10, 25 : t'l hasten by 
 forced ■m.s, magnis (maximis) i. con- 
 tendere. Gal's. B. G. I, 10: strengthened, 
 quam potui maximis i., Cic. Kara. 15. 4. 
 med. See also to march. (N.B.— ?'o 
 do ani/tliing on or in the course of a 
 march, expr. by in itinere, or iter fa- 
 I'iens ; ex itinere only to denote the send 
 i'"!/ if persims or things from the army 
 marching : cf. Sail. Cat. 34, Catilina ex 
 iiinTe. . .litteras mittit.) 2. agmen, 
 inis, n. (stricily, an army marching : 
 alS'i, the march itself, as a military 
 morement, not a journeii directed to a 
 certain point) : to talce a sli ve with one 
 on m., servum in a. habere, Sail. Jug. 
 45 : cf. paulo infr., in agiiiine = when 
 the troops were on m. : to harass the 
 snemy'x (line of) m., a. adversariorum 
 male habere et carpere, Caes B. C. I, 65. 
 
 II, As measure of time or distance: 
 Phr.: one day s to., iter unius diei, Cic. 
 Fam. 15, 4, m/;d. : also, diii iter, 44, 7, 
 med. : in two dayf' to. (lit. emamp- 
 ments), secundis castris, Liv. 44, 7, init. ; 
 also, alteris castris, id. 38. 13: in five 
 dans' m., quintis castris, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 }6, init. III. Pace, progress : gradus: 
 V. PACE. IV, Departure of troops : 
 profectio : to give the signal for march 
 ivith the trumpet, classico signum pro- 
 fectionis dare, Liv. 2, 59 : nearly equi- 
 valent is phr. vasa conclamare, to raise 
 the shout for packing up, preliminary 
 to departure : Caes. B. C. I, 66. 
 
 march (f.) .• A. I n t r a n s. : 1. 
 expr. by iter, with a verb (if. preced. 
 art. I.J : to m. by night, nociu iter facere, 
 C.ies. B. C. 1, 67 : to m. toivards Capua, 
 i. Capuam habere (v. march, subs.) : 
 they m. straight for the Ibei-us, recto ad 
 Iberum it. contendunt, Caes. B. C. i. 69: 
 cf. recio it. pervenit, Liv. 22, 9, init. : 
 to TO. without any definite route, nuUo 
 certo it. exercitum ducere, ih. 68: to 
 m. incessantly, night and day, nullam 
 partem noctis iter intermittere, C.ies. 
 B. G. I, 26. 2. e.xercitiim s agmen 
 
 diico, xi, ctum, 3 ; with comps. : he m.'d 
 into the territory of the Olcades, in fines 
 Olcadum ex. induxit, Liv. 21, 5, init.: 
 Ite m.'s back by the same mountain route, 
 jugi.-; iisdem ex. reducit, id. 22, i;, ad 
 iiiit.: so, agmen jugis ducere, id. 22, 
 1 8, med. Also Liv. oft. uses duco as 
 intrans. : (the road) along which Han- 
 nibal tiMiuld have to to., qua Hannibal 
 ducturus erat, 22, i;. extr.: also, ad 
 hostem ducit, he m.'s to meet the enemy, 
 22, 12, init. 3. *'0, 4, irr. : usu of 
 
 immeiliate advance ago inst an enemy. 
 cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 67, Caesar equitatum 
 suum O'ntra lo>^tem ire jubet : Liv. 
 4. lontendo. di, tum, 3 (with speed) .- 
 V. TO hasten (B, 4). 5. comps. of 
 
 gradior, gressus, 3 : as, progredior (to 
 m. on, furuard) ; egredior (to m. out of 
 a place); regredior (to m. back): after 
 they hajLt m.'d (on) four miles, millia 
 progressi quattuor, Caes. B. C. i, 80 : v. 
 TO advance, issue fouth, retreat. 
 6. iucedo, ssi, ssum, 3 (of the pace 
 of troops) : cf. Liv. 28, 14, ad Jin., seg- 
 nius Hispanorum signa incedebant. 7t 
 prof iciscor, fei tus, 3 (to start) : v. to 
 SET OUT. B. Trans.: diico, with 
 comps.: V. sup?-. (A., 2). 
 
 marches : fines : v. boundary. 
 
 marching (subs.) .- Phr.: in m. 
 order, perh. agmine instructo, Liv. 2,49, 
 init. (where the phr. = acie mstructa; 
 but agmtn is properly an armij march- 
 ing) : to give the signal for m., profec- 
 tinnis signum dare, Liv. (v. march, subs., 
 IV.). 
 
 marchioness: *marchionissa; mar- 
 chionis u.\or (l)u C ). 
 
 mare: equa: V^arr. : Col.: Virg. 
 
 margin : niargo, inis, c. ; of a page, 
 Juv. I, 5. See also brink, edge. 
 
 marginal : *in margiue positus, mar- 
 gin! ascriptus. 
 
 margrave : *marchio (Du C). 
 
 margravine : *nittrchioiiissa ; mar- 
 chionis uxor (Uu C). 
 
 marigiild: caHha: Plin. 21, 6, 15. 
 (*Calendula officinal s, Ijinn.) 
 
 marine (a''j.)- mannus (physically 
 connected with the sea; ot tilings, not 
 people) : a land (animal) differs frotn 
 a TO. one, terrenum dififert a maiino. 
 Quint. 5, 10, 61 : Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 43 
 (marinis terrcnisque humoribus). P h r. : 
 TO. stores, iiavalia, Iji\. 4;, 2;, post init. 
 (iiuae ad n ivcs faciendas, reficiendas. 111- 
 stniendasperiinent) : to. insurance, •na.n- 
 ticum leiius (v. insurance). 
 
 marine (subs.) .- i. e. a soldier who 
 fights im ship-board : 1. miles nauti- 
 cus, Tac. Agr. 25 : also miles classicus, 
 Liv. 21, 61, iriil. : for which simply 
 miles, Liv. 21, 50 (opp. to socii navaels, 
 the working crews, rowers, etc.) : also, 
 Viir. 2, 8, 14, sqq. Also pi. clas.sici, 
 oriim, marines (without subs.), Tac. H. 
 I. 36. 2. fipibata, ae (Gr. cTrt/San)!' 
 
 but only in pi.) : ships swept clear of aU 
 their m.s. naves omnibus e. nudatae, 
 Auct. B. Alex. 11. (N.B. — Socii navales 
 denotes the crew, v. su^rr. ; jilso classi- 
 arii, Aucl. B. Alex. 12 and 20 : botti 
 which passages show that the latter were 
 7iot priiperly Jighting-men.) 
 
 mariner: naviia, nauta: v. sailor, 
 
 marital : mantalis, e : v. HATRmo- 
 NiAL. (Or gen. of maritus.) 
 
 maritime : 1. marltimus (having 
 to do with the sea ; esp of ;<• ople) : a to. 
 and naval enemy, m. et navalis hostis, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 3 : TO. states, m. civitates, 
 Caes. B. G. 2, 34 : to. ajfairs, m. res, 
 Caes. Seut. pi. used absol = maritime 
 parts, Cic. Fam. 2, 16, ad init. : Plin. 
 2. expr. by marf , is, n. : m. cities, 
 civitates quae mare contingunt, quae in 
 mari sunt, cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 4. P li r. : a 
 great m. power, *civitas quae navibus s. 
 classibus poUet ; magnas copias navales 
 habens. See also na\al. 
 
 marjoram : amaracus, i, c. ; also 
 -um, i: Plin. 21, 11, 39. (*Origanum 
 majorana, Linn.) Adj. amaraclnus, of 
 TO., Lucr. : I'lin. 
 
 mark (subs.) .- j. A character traced 
 with pen, etc. : 1, nota: to put am. 
 to a bad x-ei se, n. apponere ad malum 
 versum, Cic. in Pis. 30, init. : Sen. : esp. 
 the mark put against a senator's name 
 by the censors, indicating his removal 
 from the senate : Cic. Clu. 46, 129 : Liv. 
 So, birth-m.s. genitivae notae. Suet. Aug. 
 80. 2. stigma, atis, n. (a mark burnt 
 into the body, esp. of a slave) : cf Suet. 
 Cal. 27. stigriiatum notae, i.e. the marks 
 of branding : v. brand. 3. Obelus 
 
 (an asterisk, used for critical purposes): 
 Aus. Sap. pref. 13. In same sense, obe- 
 liscus, Aug. II. 'Ihken, sign : 1. 
 indicium (that which indicates or re- 
 veals), a TO. of good-ivill. tonards any 
 one, ind. benevolentiae er(;a aliquem, Cic. 
 Fam. 7, 6 most freq. of tokens of guilt : 
 V. INDICATION, evidence. 2. B^ta :
 
 MARK 
 
 MARRIAGE 
 
 M A K R T 
 
 Join: notae et vestigia (scelerum ). Cic. I 
 Verr. 2, 4'7, 115. 3. sigiium (fc/it>/i- 
 ing), a m. 0/ mode.-ty, s. pudori>, I Vi. 
 Aiidr. 5, J, 1 : V. SIGN. 4. vesiigium: 
 V. TEACE. Ill, I'ltaracteristic : expr. 
 
 by 5e»i. after verb esse : it is tlte m.oj a 
 little mind, puslUi aiiimi est, Cic. : v. 
 CHARACTKRI.STIC {sat>s.). IV. '^''"'' '"" 
 vards which aim is directed : P h r. : to 
 aim an an ow at a in., sagittam colli- 
 neare. Cic. Flu. }, 6, 22 : tn make a m. 
 oj the head or neck, caput, coUum petere, 
 id. Mur. 26. 52 : so, to be the in. <>/ a 
 host 01 daggers, uiidique strictis piiKioiil- 
 bus peti. Suet. Ca- s. 82 : also expr. by 
 destino : v. to aim (li.). (N.B. - Scopus, 
 though useii by modern l^tiiilsts, bus 
 no ancifiit authority. Cic. writes ilie 
 word as Greek, and u>es it then only in 
 fig. sense = aim. olrject.) V ■ -^ ^"' ■ 
 •Marcus (from the etflgy of the saint 
 so named). 
 
 mark ("•) •■ I '^0 '*'■«"' <"" '""^ "■ 
 
 mark up/m anythinp : 1. n6to, I : to 
 m. a ticket with lAuod, tabellani san- 
 guine n., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, J2, extr. -. to m. 
 eggs with mk, ova atramenio n.. Col. 
 
 2, expr. by n6ta, with a verb: e. g 
 to TO. pigs, porcis n. imponere. Col. 7, 9, 
 ^n. : cf. Cic. Fam. i ?, 6, med., epistolae 
 n. apponere. 3. sigiiu, i : thefeatJiers 
 are vi.'d ii-ith blood, signata sanguine 
 pinna est, Ov. M. 6'70. So, pecori siguum, 
 numeros acervis inipnmcre, Virg. G. I, 
 26j. Phr. : to m. a Hue as suspicious, 
 obelum versui apponere : v. mark (1., 3). 
 
 II, To indicate, as a mark or monu- 
 ment does : signo, i : it m.s the spot, 
 
 locum signat, ubi I'l. Cist. 4,2,28: 
 
 Virg. Aea. -7, 4. ||i. Fig.: to set 
 down mentaXly : iiOto. designo, i : v. to 
 MARK OCT. IV. To pay attention to: 
 P h r., animo adesse (to be all attention), 
 Cic. Sull. II. }}; animuni defigere et 
 jntendere (to mark attentively) in ali- 
 quam rem, Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 46: v. to 
 
 ATTEND TO. 
 
 mark out: I. Lit-: '« '«y o«< 
 
 by means of lines : 1, raetor, I : to 
 m. out land (in allotvients, etc.), agrum 
 m., Li v. 21, 25, med.: esp. to m. out a 
 camp, castra m., Caes. B. C. j, IJ. 2. 
 designo. I (in this sense, chiefly poet.) : 
 to m. out the site 0/ a city t'ith the 
 plough, urbem arairo d., Virg. Aen. 5, 
 755 : Ov. : Tac. 3, signo, I (also poet. 
 in this sense) : to m. the site for n alls 
 with the plough, moenia s. aratro, Ov. F. 
 4, 819 : Viig. II. To settle, Jix upon . 
 1, designo, i: Join: notare et 
 designare (ad caedem), Cic. Cat. i, i, 2 : 
 Caes. B. G. i. 18, init. 2, _n6io, i : 
 Cic. : V. supr. (1). 3. denoto, i 
 
 (stronger and more precise than simple 
 verb) : cf. Cic. Man. j, 7, cives Komanos 
 necandos denotavit. See also to PorsT 
 
 OUT. 
 
 marked (part, adj.) : insigni.^, e ; 
 Tac. G. Ji: (a heifer) m. nith uhite 
 spots, maculis in-ignis et albo, Virg. G. 
 3,56. 
 
 marker : perh. index, icis, c. (that 
 which points) : Cic 
 
 market («*''«•) •• I. TIte place: 
 
 1, macellum (for prorisions) .• tlie 
 foruni olilorium nas an old to., where 
 there was a phntiful supply (f rege- 
 tabhs, forum ol. erat antiquum m., ubi 
 olerum copia, Varr. L. L. 5, ?2, 146: 
 the Jish-m., m. cetariorum, id. H. R. }, 
 17, ad fin.: PI.: Cic. (N.B— The pas- 
 sage from Varr. shows macellum to have 
 been the current term: cf. ib. } 141.) 
 
 2. fSruin (place of public meetmg 
 far sundry purfioses) : f.^h-m , eatUe-m., 
 f. piscariuni, boarium, etc. : PI. : Liv. 
 (but in various cases, the name was all 
 that remained of the ancient market : if. 
 an. Roma, I >lct. (ieog. ii. 8l?)- In wider 
 sense, applied to a tmcn : tlte most fre. 
 quented market (" mart ") in the vhnle 
 kingdom, lorum reium venalium totius 
 regiii maxinie celebratum. Sail. Jug^47 : 
 V. MARKET-TOWN. 3. p^rh. mercatus, 
 us: cf. in/r. ||, The regularly insti- 
 tuted season : 1. mnrcatus, us : to 
 hold a TO, m. habere, Cic Tuso. 5, j, 9: 
 a crowaed m., Liv. i, jo, med. (also used 
 
 of other puUiC qallf^ rings : cf. Cic. I. c). 
 2. nuiidinne, uruin (held evei-y nine 
 leviht'j days) : it uas not legal j or Vie 
 eUctions to t>e held im m.-aays, comitia 
 uundinis haberi noii liceljat, Pliii. 18. l, }, 
 5 t) : Cic. Fest. Phr.: pe, laininy to 
 the(wei-M:i) m., imndmariiis. I'lin.: Ulp. : 
 to attend or hold a m.. nundmjii: usu. 
 ill hg. sense, e. g. to make m. of the 
 empiie of the Roman people, imperiuiii 
 P. K. nuiidinari, Cic Ph. }, 4, 10. |||, 
 :>ale : q. v. 
 
 market ("•) • 1. "undlnor, i : V. 
 preced. art. (IL, fin.). 2. oI»6do, I 
 (to bay provisions): PL Aul. 2, 4, I : 
 Ter. 
 
 marketable : vgnaiis, e v. sale- 
 ABLK. .M. comnioditits, merces, um: v. 
 
 MKBCHANDIZK. 
 
 market-day : mmdinae, arum : v. 
 
 MAKKKT (11., 2). 
 
 market - garden : v. kitchen- 
 
 GAIillKN. 
 
 marketing (subs.) .- expr. by obsono, 
 
 I : V. TX) MARKET (2). 
 
 market-place : Rirum : v. market 
 (I.). 
 market-price: Phr.; what is tfie 
 
 m. of these things, *quanti haec vulgo 
 veneunt ? (v. to sell) food the m. of 
 which is only an as, cibus uno asse ve- 
 nalis, Pliii. 19, 4, 20 ^ 54: he brought 
 don n the m. <f com to an as, pretium 
 farris ad assem redegit, id. 18, j, 4 } 15 : 
 of provisions, annona : to raise the m., 
 annonam incendere, excandelacere, V^arr. 
 R. Pv. J, 2, ad fin. : v. price. 
 
 market -town: Krum: Cic Cla. 
 14, 40. 
 
 market-woman: perh. •nundlna- 
 trix. 
 
 marksman : f-hr.: he was such a 
 skilful m. as to be able U hit birds 
 flying, adeo certo ictu destinata feriebat, 
 ut aves quoque exciperet, Curt. 7, 5, 
 fin.: cf. Liv. j8, 29, med.. non capita 
 solum vulnerabant, sed qiiem locum des- 
 tinassent oris. 
 
 marking (std>s.) : nOtatio : Cic. : v. 
 
 to MARK. 
 
 marl: marga (a C-ltic word) ; Plin. 
 17, 6, 4 J 42: in describing it, Plin. u.ses 
 
 the expr. spissior ubertas ei quidam 
 
 terrae adipes. (The description of a 
 species of marga called columbina or 
 eglecopala [Celtic], answers very closely 
 to our marl ; I'lin. 1. c. } 46.) 
 
 marline-spike ; *ferruin in acumen 
 teniiatiitn quo utuntur nautae. 
 
 marl-pit : puteus ex quo effoditur 
 marga: cf. Plin. 17. 8, 4 } 45- 
 
 marly : maigae natiiram habens ; 
 margae similis: v. marl. 
 
 marmalade : perh qui ion ex auran- 
 tiis contectum; condiiura e.\ anraiitiis 
 confecta, quam nostrates marmaladam 
 ditunt. 
 
 marmot: perh. mus alplnus: Plin. 
 8, i".55. (*Arrtomys marmotUi, Desm.) 
 
 marplot: *4"i ^^ admiscete atque 
 omnia coniurbare solet. 
 
 marque : I' h i"- : ^w^"* "Z »»•. *'"- 
 terae quibus magistro navis Jus belli 
 gerendi concediiur. 
 
 marquee : tabemacuium : v. tent. 
 
 marquis : *marchio, maiquisus, inar- 
 quisius : V. Du C. s. vv. 
 
 marquisate: *marchi6natHs, us : v. 
 Du. C. s. v. 
 
 marriage : 1. coi^juglum (the na- 
 tural union of man and wife) : the ear- 
 liest association is in m.. prima sorie'as 
 in Ipso c. est, Cic. off. i, 17. 54 = desirous 
 of this m., cupidus hiijus c, Nep. Cini. 
 I : Virg. 2. connubium (strictly, 
 
 light of interma'i iage : heme also, 
 sometimes octuo/ inlei ma rizge between 
 tri'-es or nations generally: and poi't. = 
 conjueium) : to link in steadfast to., c. 
 jungere stablli. Virg. Aen. i, 7?: v. 
 intermarriage. 3. matrlmonium 
 
 (strictly, with ref. to the n ife. who be- 
 i comes a matrona") : to liestoio a daughter 
 ' in m., filiam in mairinionium collocare, 
 Cic. IHv. I, 46, 104: so, ducere (femi- 
 nam)inmatriiMonium,et*:. : v. tomakrv. 
 (Comp. Cic. Ph. 2. 18, 44, tanquam sto- 
 lam dedis.spt, in matriinonio stabili et 
 
 certo [tej locavit.) Al&i in geii.8<>«se 
 10 contract ma err Irrea',- them i-lf. inatri 
 moiiia contrahere, dimitu-re. Suet. Oal. 
 25: chilUien bom undarlaiiful m.,l\beH 
 Juilo m. susO'pii, Just. 10, init. 4. 
 
 uuptiae, arum (stri' ily, the marriage- 
 feast; hence niedn. the unvm itidf : 
 "a match '): to leleOrate a m. nupiiOR 
 celi-brare, Liv. j6, 11, ind.: cf. Cir. Clu. 
 5, 12. quuni essi'iit bae uuptiae plenae 
 di'.oitatis (i. e. it uas a highly lesptct- 
 abU match) : tn t/ring about a m., nup- 
 tias concili re, Nip. Alt. 5. 5. poel 
 meton. fax. IScis,/. (Uie maiTxage-toii h) . 
 tOrus (m.-couch): tlialaiiius (m.-vham- 
 lier) : to jnin to rm-^i-df in lawful m.. 
 Dace sollenni jungere sibi, ' 'v. .M. 7,49: 
 united bii m., toro jiim ta. Ov . F. j 511 : 
 a stranger to to., ibalami t-x^)>■r^s Virg. 
 Aen. 4. 5?o. P li r. : toe m.-halter, mart- 
 tale capisirum, luv. 6. 4} : tine law con- 
 cerning m.s, :ex niarita (ih*i.). Hor. 
 Car. Saec. 2o; lex de niaiitandis ordini- 
 bus. Suet. Aug. J4 leitilicale of in., 
 'litierae Justaruin nuptiaium testes. 
 
 marriage-contract: 1. conditio: 
 v. MATCH. 2. pactiu nuptlalis: Liv. 4, 
 4, meA. 
 
 marriage-feast : nuptiae, arum : 
 Ter. pass. 
 
 marriage-licence: *liierae extra 
 
 ordinem dat.ie. conjugii iiieuiidi causa. 
 
 marriageable: 1, nubiiis, c (0/ 
 
 a woman): a gronn-up, m. daughter, 
 filia grandis, n., Cic. Clu. 5. 11. 2. 
 iidultus (grown up, of adult age) : v. 
 AVVVI (adj.). 3. niatiirus (ri/^e/or; 
 with a defining word : poet.) cf. StaL 
 Silv. J, I, 176, hie .sponsae maturus et 
 ilia manto: Virg. 4. pfei. tempes- 
 tiva viro (of a girl) : Hor. 
 
 married (i«'''-a"da'0-)- 1. ""P- 
 
 ta (of a noman only) : a m. daughter, 
 n. ijam] filia, Cic. Sext. j, 6. 2. ")4ri- 
 tus: rarely adj. in prose; but in Dig. 
 u.sed pi. so as to include both sexes, 
 Papin. 24, I, 52, extr. : newly m. wife, 
 nova marita, VaL Max. 9, I, 9 (nova 
 nupta, ler. Ad. 4, 7, J}). 3. malr6na 
 (m. woman) : v matron. 
 
 marrow : mCduUa : Plin. : Ov. .<;pinal 
 m.. spinae m., Cels. 8, i, meil. Irimin. 
 meduUula (m. of a small animal). Cat. 
 25, 2. Fig.: the m. of pet suasion, 
 su.idae m., Cic. Br. 1;. 59. 
 
 marrow-bone : os medullosum : v. 
 
 foil art. 
 
 marrowy: medullosus: Cels. 8, i, 
 meet. 
 
 marry (i-) • I To take a n-ife or 
 be united to a husband: 1. duco, xi, 
 rtiim, i (of the husband): Ireq. with a 
 defining word: e.g. (aliqnaml iixorem 
 d.. Cic. Sext. j, 7 (but a little tiefore, 
 duxi C. .Mbini filiam, witlioiii uxorem); 
 inmairimoniumd.,Caes I5.G. 1,9. (N.B. 
 — If used abs<.)l. in Kng.. uxorem must 
 be added in Lat., e. g. he never m.'d. nun- 
 quam uxorem -luxit.) 2. n"''". P*' <*" 
 iiupta sum, ? ('f t'le wife: with dot.): 
 she m.'d her cousin, ea nup-it conso- 
 britio suo, Cic. Clu. 5, 1 1 : to m. iito a 
 verii diflivguisheri fainih/, in faniiliam 
 rlarissimam 11., id. Coel. 14. ?4. (N.B. — 
 rhepi-rfect nupta sum imi only be used 
 In jnes. perf. .sense ; not as pnsL indef. 
 = I om m.'d to: cl. Cic Irtv. I, 46, 
 104, Virgo nnpsit [eij cui Gi' cilia tiu;i^a 
 fn-rat.) Comps. of nub<. rare : (1). d6- 
 nulKi, ? (to TO. beneath h>T : rare): Tac 
 A. 6, 27: also poet. = niibo. Ov. hi. \l, 
 196. Cl). eniib", I (to 111. out if her 
 order; of a patrician lady rare): Liv. 
 10, 2?. (Z). iniiubo. I (to ni. into a 
 lamilv: rare): Liv. i, ?4.;>o.-f init. 3. 
 when both are to b- incUid-d. expr. by 
 nuptiae. etc. Anins and Tnlha are 
 m.d, Aruns et Tullia jungnntur nup- 
 tiis, Liv. I, 4f), fin. : one hindrance in 
 the wail of their tieing m.'d. uniim im- 
 pedimentum quominns nuptiis intec se 
 Jungereiitur. Val. Max. 9, I. q: also, 
 matrim<'iiio jongi, Liv. i, 146, m^. 
 Phr.: he could not be tnnpted to to, 
 again, ncque sollliitari nlla condilione 
 ampllns potuit, Snet. Galb. 5: he m.'i 
 Domitia, I>oniiiiam sibi jnnxii, lac. Age 
 6 init.: to m. upairi. S'-cundas nuptia» 
 
 * 4')?
 
 MARRY 
 
 M A S S A. (L' R £ 
 
 MASTER 
 
 »jqjeriri, cf. Val. Max. 2, l, J : a noman 
 jfn.0 has been several times m.'d, feniiiia 
 SKQltarum nuptiarum, Cic. Alt. i}, 29. 
 '\, To settle a daughter, etc., in 
 Uiedlodc: 1. colloco, i: usu. with Id 
 Caatrimonium, Cic. Div. i, 46, 144: also 
 &lODe, to m. a daughter to any one, alicui 
 filiam suatn c, id. Br. 26, 06 : and absol., 
 not to be able to get m.'d, collocari non 
 posse, Nep. Ep. i. (The simple verb 
 loco occurs iu same sense iu PL, e. g. 
 locare virginem in matrimonium, Trin. 
 i, J, 52: cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 18, 44.) 2. 
 anarito, i ^preced. (later): he m.'d the 
 daughter of Vitrllius very liandsoinely, 
 Vitellji filiam splendidissime maritavit, 
 Suet. Vesp. 14. P h r. : to m. a daugh- 
 ter to any one, filiam alicui jungere, Liv. 
 I, 42: cf. Caes. B. G. i, j, ei filiam 
 suam in matrimonium dat (where, how- 
 ever, the notion '>t farour is implied): 
 Kr. gives also, filiam nuptum dare, as 
 from Cic, but without an example: 
 auptui dare is false Latin (id.). (N.B. 
 —Of the above, juugo may be equally 
 well used of marrying one's son to any 
 one.) Ill, To perform the ceremony 
 of marriage : P h r. : *nuptiis rile cele- 
 brandis praeesse; nuptiarum soUennia 
 rite concipere (cf. Tac. A. 11, 26, extr.). 
 (N.B. — Not celebrare ; which is used of 
 persons contracting a marriage.) 
 
 marr? (f.nterj.) .- medius f idius, me- 
 faercle, etc. : Cic. 
 
 marsh : palus, udis, /. : Cic : Hor. : 
 Phaedr. 
 
 marshal («•)•' t. Military officer : 
 *mareschallus : v. Du C. s. v. (Only to 
 be used where precision is necessary : 
 otherwise, imperator, dux, legatus may 
 serve.) ||. One who arranges proces- 
 tions, etc. : designator : v. Forcell. s. v. 
 
 marshal ("■) •• 1. dispono, pSsui, 
 
 Itum, J (to station troops in their several 
 positions) : to m. cohorts {for battle) : 
 cohortes d., Caes. B. G. 5, 3 j ; v. to sta- 
 tion. 2. instnio, xi, ctum, } {for 
 battle) : v. TO DRAW up (HI.). 
 
 marshy : 1. paluster, tris, tre : 
 
 Caes. : Liv. Neut. pi. palustria {= p. 
 loca), Plin. 14, 15, 19 ^ no. 2. palii- 
 dosus (poet.) : Ov. : StaL 3. iingi- 
 nosus {net, holding the water: agricult. 
 tt): Varr.: Col. 
 
 mart : forum : v. market (I., 2). 
 
 marten : hirundo urbica, Linn. (Be- 
 wick.) 
 
 martial : belUcosus, ffirox (cf. Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 20, Acquonim magna gens et 
 ferox) : v. warlike. JI. spirit, ferocia : 
 cf. Liv. 9, 6, extr., Romanam virtutem 
 ferociamque. A court m., castrense ju- 
 dicium, cf. Tac. Agr. 9. 
 
 martinet: qui disciplinam militarem 
 [praefractius et] rigidius asu ingere cona- 
 lur, Val. Max. 9, 7, extr. : "niniius in 
 disciplina conservauda s. ajtringemia. 
 
 martyr: martyr, yris.c.; Terr.: Prud. 
 (N.B. — Only to be used in special sense : 
 otherwise expr. by phr., he died a m. to 
 truth, pro veritate mortem [morte] occu- 
 buit, R. and A.) 
 
 martyrdom: martyrium: Tert. 
 
 martyrolqgist : *martyrologii (mar- 
 tyriorum) scriplor : v. preced. art. 
 
 martyrology : martyroldgium : v. 
 Fabr. Bibl. Gr. 5, }i, 19. 
 
 marvel : '■ woxdrr. 
 
 marvellous : mirus, mirabllis : v. 
 WONDKKFLL. Phr.: to be fond of the 
 t»., *miraculorum studiosum esse. 
 
 masculine : I. Baoing manly qua- 
 iitiea -. \. virilis, e ; v. manlt, male. 
 2. niasculus : a m. breed of soldiers, 
 m. niiliium proles, Hor. Ep. i, 6, J7 : 
 Quint. II. In grammar: masciiliiius : 
 Quint. 1,6,;: M. L. 
 
 mash {fubs.) : I. In gen. sense : 
 
 jnixtura: v. mixture. ||, For cattle: 
 farrago, inis,/. : barley to., f. hordeacea. 
 Col. 2, 11, init.: Fest. ("farrago appel- 
 latur id quod ex plnribus satis pabuli 
 causa datur jumemis," Paul. Dlac. ex- 
 cerpt, s. v.). 
 
 mash ("•) •■ contvmdo, }: v. to 
 
 POUND. 
 
 mask (subs.) : I.Li t. : 1. per- 
 liOna {theatrical or for di.^guise) : a tra- 
 464 ' 
 
 gic m., p.-tragica, Phaedr. i, •): Mart. 
 Dressed in a m., personatus : v. masked. 
 2. larva {ugly or caricature) : cf. 
 Hor. S. I, 5, 64. II. A kind of enter- 
 
 tainment: v. masquekade. III. Fig.: 
 1. persona : to wear a m., personam 
 alienam ferre, Liv. ;, 36, init. (ille finis 
 Appio aUenae p. ferendae fuit = Appius 
 now threw off the m.) : to take the m. 
 from men or things, hominibus et rebus 
 p. demere. Sen. Ep. 24, 12 : comp. pers. 
 detrahere. Mart, j, 4J. 2. intfigii- 
 
 mentum {any disguise) : cf. Cic. de Or. 
 2, 86, init., evolutus iUis integumentis 
 dissimulationis tuae, nudatusque : v. 
 disguise. Phr.: to tear off the comely 
 m. from the hypocrite, detraliere pellem, 
 nilidhs qua quisque per 01a cedit, in- 
 trorsum turpis, Hor. S. 2, i, 64: cf. id. 
 Ep. I, 16, 45, speciosus pelle decora. 
 
 mask (".) •• I. Lit. : expr. by per- 
 sona and a verb : e. g. *personam in- 
 duere (to to. oneself); p. addere capiii 
 alicujus {to put a m. mi a person's hiad), 
 
 PUll. 12, 14, }1 : v. TO PUT ON. II. 
 
 More freq. fig.: to throiv a veil over 
 anything: dissimulo, 1 : cf Sail. Cat. 31, 
 Tned., dissimulandi causa aut sui expur- 
 gandi, either in order to to. his designs 
 or in order to dear himself. See also 
 TO disguise. 
 
 masked {part, adj.) : personatus 
 (lit.) : Cic. de Or. j, 69, 221 : Sen. Phr.: 
 a TO. battery, perh. tormenta caeca: cf. 
 Caes. B. C. i, 28, caecum vallum. 
 
 mason : I. -^ buHder : 1. 
 
 strucior: there were a great many m.s 
 at tvork, res agebatur multis s., Cic. 
 Q. Fr. 2, 6, init. : Edict, in Cc>d. Just. 
 IS, 64 (structores, id est aedificalores) : 
 Isid. 2. faber: Isid. 19, 8 (but the 
 term includes carpenters, smiths, etc.). 
 3. caementarius (late) : Isid. 1. c. : 
 Hier. 4. machio, onis (whence Eng. 
 mason: late); Isid. I.e. ||. A member 
 of the order of free-masons : *lat6mus 
 (Kr.). 
 
 masonry: structura (caementicia): 
 Vitr. 2,4. Phr.: buildings of solid m., 
 *aidificia solido saxo compacta. 
 
 masoretic : masoreticus : theol. (. t. 
 
 masquerade: *turbapersonata; sal- 
 tatio persouata ; convivium personato- 
 rum. 
 
 masquerader : homo personatus : V. 
 
 MASKED. 
 
 mass {subs.) : I. A religious ser- 
 
 vice : *missa : to. for the dead, m. de- 
 fuiictorum. Append. Imit. Chr. : Eccl. 
 II. A vast bulk : 1, moles, is,/. ; mijid 
 moies the {vast) m., mens agitat m., 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 727 : a shapeless m., rudis 
 indigestaque m., Ov. M. i, 7. Sume- 
 timt-s corpus (with epiih. magnum, im- 
 mensum) may serve : cf. Virg. Aen. 1. c. ; 
 and Tac. Hist, i, 16, init., immensum 
 imperii corpus. 2. magna s. immensa 
 copia ; magna vis ; ingeus pondus ; v. 
 QUANTiTr, WEIGHT. |||. A great num- 
 ber of people: multitudo, ingens turba; 
 V. MULTITUDE. Phr.: the masses, *in- 
 gens ilia hominum tenuiorum turba s. 
 multitudo. IV. A uhule taken to- 
 
 gether : Phr.: m the to., per saturam ; 
 V. LUMP {11.). 
 
 mass ("•) •■ ^- TO COLLECT. 
 
 mass-book : v. missal. 
 
 massacre {subs.) .- 1. caedes, is, 
 f. {any munler or slaughter) : the m. cf 
 such of us as remained beJiind, nostra c. 
 qui remansissemus, Cic. Cat. i, j, 7 : a 
 wholesale to., infinita c, ib. j, 10. extr. : 
 V. SLAUGHTER. 2. trilcidatio {act of 
 massacreing) : no longer a battle, but a 
 m., inde non Jam pugna, sed tr. [velut 
 peconim], Liv. 28, 16, med. : cf. Cic. Ph. 
 4, 5, II, cruor, caedes, ante oculos tr. ci- 
 vium : the September m.s, *trucidationes 
 illae Septembres, quae dicuntur. 3. 
 interngcio, onis, f. {utter dest)itction, 
 extermination): cf. Cic. Cat. j, 10, 25, 
 quae dissensiones. . . .non reconciliatione 
 concordiae sed intemecione civium diju- 
 dicatae sunt: v. extermination. Phr.: 
 the TO. of St. BaithoUnnetv's day, *nup- 
 tiae istae (illae .') cruentae, exitiales 
 ParisJenses (Kv.): or, *caedes ilia St. 
 Bartholomat-i f^sli quae dicitur: after 
 
 the TO. of so many thousands of unarme* 
 soldiers, trucidatis loi millibus iner 
 mium milituni, Tac. H. i, 6: so, Cic 
 Cat. }, 10. 24, ciai-issimis viris inter- 
 tectis (referring to the wholesale car- 
 nage of Cinna and Marius): v. to 
 
 SLAY, butcher. 
 
 massacre (^'O •■ 1. trucido, i {te 
 
 slay brutally one or mare) : Cic. : Tac. 
 cf. preced. art., extr. 2. interimo, 
 emi, emptum, 3 : v. to cut off, de 
 STROY. See also to slat. 
 
 masse : P h r. : t/ie Agrigentines, en 
 masse, universa Agrigentinorum mulii- 
 ludo, Cic. (V. WHOLE) : a levy en masse 
 being instituted, omnibus qui beho apti 
 erant iu unum coactis, Liv. (yuich.): 
 a proscription not of individuais, but en 
 masse, Itad been arranged, non nomina- 
 tim sed generatim (i. e. including ivhole 
 classes of persons) proscriptio erat infor- 
 mata, Cic. Att. 11, 6. ad init. (yuich.) 
 massiness * expr. by adj. : v. mas- 
 massiveness ^sivk, massy. 
 
 massive : solldus : v. solid. See 
 
 also HEAVY, WEIGHTY. 
 
 mast: I. 0/ as/up: malus, i, to. : 
 Cic. : Hor. (arbor mail, Virg. Aen. 5, 
 504 : also simply arbor, Lucan. 9, J22 : 
 poet). II, Jroduce of certaii. trees : 
 
 glans, ndis, /. ; m. of the beech, oak, etc. 
 gl. fagea, quema, iligna, etc., Plin. 16, 5, 
 6 : Cic : Virg. 
 
 mast-head: *summus malus: v. 
 
 TOP. 
 
 master {subs."): |. One having 
 power : \, dominus {master of a house^ 
 or servants) : the to. of the house and all 
 his slaves, ipse d. atque omiiis familia, 
 Ter. Ad. 1,2,9: m. of one's O'ln affairs, 
 d. rerum suarum, Cic. Tusc. }, 5, 11. In 
 wider sense, one exercising imperial 
 pmver : the Bomans m.s of the uorld, 
 Romanos dominos rerum, Virg. : Cic. : 
 v. LORD. 2. herns (iciift special re- 
 ference to the slaves belonging to him) : 
 cf. Cic. Off. 2, 7, 24, ut heris in lamnlos: 
 Ter. pass. Belonging to the to., herilis, 
 e : Ter. 3. paterfamilias {master of 
 the entire household) : v. householder. 
 4. potens, ntis (strictly an adj., 
 having power over; with gen.: esp. 
 poet.) : m. of the seasons, tempestatum 
 p., Virg. 6. I, 27 : being m.s of their 
 own movements and of the ci<//, potentt-s 
 rerum suarum aique urbis, Liv. 2}, 16, 
 med. P h r. . (a), to be m. of. i. e. pos- 
 sess dominion over : (1). doniiiior, 1 : to 
 be m. of the lives and properties of men, 
 d. in capile fortunisque hominum, Cic. 
 Quint. JO, 94 : also foil, by inter ('Caes. 
 B. G. 2, }i); in and ace.: v. to lord. 
 (2). obtineo, ui, tentum, 2: v. to pos- 
 sess. (6). to become m. of, potior, 4 
 (foil, by abl. or gen.) : to become m.s of 
 all Gaul, totius Galliae imperio p., Caes. 
 B. G. I, 2 : to become m. of the city {of 
 Home), urbis p., Sail. Cat. 47 : to become 
 TO. of tlie state, iierum (not rebus) p., 
 Nep. Att. 9, fn. : Cic. See also to 
 rule, govern. II Fig.: exercising 
 
 control over oneself or one's passions : 
 1. potens, ntis (with gen.) : so long 
 as I am my own to., dum niei p. sum, 
 Liv. 26, 1}. ad fn.: m. of one's senset, 
 mentis p., Ov. Tr. 2, 139. 2. compos, 
 Otis {in possession of) : I am hardly my 
 owm m. {almMst besidJs myself), vix sum 
 compos aiiimi, Ter. Ad. }, 2, 12. Not 
 m. of, not able to control oneself, impo- 
 tens: v. ungovernable. |||, Man- 
 ager, superintendent : magist^r, tri: to. 
 of a company or union, societatis m., Cic. 
 VeiT. 2. 2, 74, 182 : TO. of the feast, convi- 
 vii m., Varr. L. L. 5, 26, 122 (also arbiter 
 bibendi, Hor.). M. of ceremonies, de- 
 signator: V. USHER. IV. <>f a school: 
 magister : v. teacher, schoolmaster. 
 Or expr. by dficeo : who was your m. in 
 music, quis te musicam docuiif v. TO 
 teach. V. ^"* perfectly skilled in 
 
 anything : 1, antistes, itis ; also an- 
 tista, ae : o to in the art of speaking, 
 artis dicendi a., Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 202: 
 Quint. 2. expr. by perfectus, peritus, 
 etc. : a pe)fect to. o/" geometry, (homo) 
 in geomelria perfectus, Cic. Kin. i, 9, zc: 
 m. of an art, perfectus in arte aUqua,
 
 MASTER 
 
 MATRICIDE 
 
 MATTRESS 
 
 Ov. A. A. 2, 547 . in. nf the ait of war, 
 rei militjris s. belli peritUA (periiisslnius, 
 per/ectly so): Cic. : v. skilled, accom- 
 PLiSHtD. P h r. : a m. of the art of 
 composition, pulitus scriptor alque arli- 
 fex, Cic. Or. 51, 172. W, Tlie yroducer 
 of a work of art : use pictor, sculptor : 
 the old mj, •veteres illi [nobilesque] pic- 
 tores (veteres piclores. simply old painl- 
 ers, goud ur bad). A statue by an uit- 
 knoum, m., •statua aucuiris incerii (R. 
 and A.). VII. Literary title: migister: 
 Stat. Acad. 
 
 master (i'-) •■ I. To tubdae -. dAvao, 
 sQpCro, eic. : v. TO SUBUUK, .surpass. 
 II. To attain to thorough familiarity 
 with a sulyect : 1. comprC'lieiido, dl, 
 
 sum, } : esp. with some dctiiiiiig word ; 
 e. p. gcicntla et cogilatioue c«jmpr., Cic. 
 
 de Or. I, }, 10: V. TO C»MPRKHKND. 2. 
 
 consfiquor, ciitiis, j : Cic. I. c. (nemo 
 fere studuisse ei scientiae vehementius 
 videtur, qtiiii quod voluerit consecutus 
 sit, i. e. he has m.'d it to the extettl he 
 wishml). 3. perdlsco, } : v. to licakn'. 
 master-builder : architectus : v. 
 
 ABCHITK(rr. 
 
 masterful : perh. Krox, impSriosus : 
 
 V. OVERBEARI.NG. 
 
 master-hand : perh. artlfex : cf. 
 
 MASTER (V^.). 
 
 masterly : artlficiosus (accomplished 
 in art) ; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 55, /in., (rhetores) 
 elegaiitissimi atque artiticiosissiini. In 
 Sim. sense, Cic. lias arlife.x (ut ita dicam) 
 stilus, Br. 25, 96: I'lin. Or perh. palma- 
 ris {irorthy of the. palm), Cic. Ph. 5, 5, 
 1 5 (ironical). P h r. : am. work, *opus 
 summo artificio confectum ; (res) singu- 
 lari opere artificioque (lerlecta. 
 
 master-piece : perh. opus palmare : 
 cf. Cic. Ph. 5, 5. i;, statua palmaris: 
 also Per. Kun. 5, 4, 8, where palmarium 
 (sc. artiticium)=quod palmam tert, Kr. 
 gives opus arlis (?) absolutum, per- 
 lectum ; opus singiilari opere artificio- 
 que; but these are inadequate. Phr. : 
 tilts is considered by many a perfect m., 
 hoc opere nullum al)solutius plerique 
 Judicant, Plin. J4, 8, 19 } 55 . this statue 
 is his m., *hiic statua nihil fecit perfec- 
 tius ; praecipuae baec laudis ei statua 
 est. 
 
 mastership : i- e. offic* of master .- 
 maglsigrium ; m. of the horse, m. equi- 
 tum. Suet. Tib. j : Cic. Sen. 14, 46 (de 
 magistris bibendi) : PI. Bac. i, 2, 40 
 (= tutorship, oversight). 
 
 master-stroke: *artificium singu- 
 
 lare ; consilium palmare (palmarium) : 
 
 V. MASTEB-PIECE. 
 
 mastery : victoria .- v. victory. 
 Having the m. of, p5tens: v. biaster 
 (II.). See also control, government. 
 
 masticate : mando, mandiico : V. TO 
 CHEW. More precisely, (dentibus) cibum 
 extenuare et molere, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 
 IJ4; also appy. conficere, lb. (denies 
 acuti [i. e. the front teeth] raorsu divi- 
 dunt escas; intimi autem conficiiint, 
 qui genuini [Me grindfis^ vocaiitur). 
 
 mastication : (cibi) con'^ctio : Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 54, I {4 : cf. preced. art. 
 
 mastiff: perh. Molossus canis: cf. 
 Hor. H>i)od. 6, 5. (*Canis mastivus.) 
 
 mat (subs.) : 1. teges, etis,/. (made 
 of rushes, palm leaves, etc.) : Varr. K. R. 
 I, 22, init. : to shade vities trith palm 
 m.s (matting), vineas palnieis t. adum- 
 brare, Col. 5, 5, ad fin. : Mart. Bimin. 
 tegeticula: Varr.: Mart. 2. siorea 
 
 or storia : to make m.s of ropes (for 
 sheltering vwks,), storeas ex tunibiis 
 facere, Caes. B C. .',9 «ie<i. : Li v. (From 
 the use to which the al)Ove were ap- 
 plied, storea would seem to have denoted 
 o stronger and more durable kind nf 
 matting thsin teges.) 3. psiathiiim" 
 Hier. (,de tenul culcita monachnnim). 
 4. matta : Ov. F. 6, 680 (al. lata, 
 Merkel.). 
 
 mat together : impiico, impiecto : 
 
 T. TO entwine As perf. part, concre- 
 tus: hair m.'d together with blood, con- 
 creti sanguine crines, Virg. Aen. 2, 277. 
 
 matador : *mactator qui dicitur. 
 
 match (subs.) : I. Kqual in con- 
 
 test : par, piiris. adj : not even tlie ijock 
 
 ivere a lu. for them, quibus ne dii qui- 
 deiu immorlaU-s p. esse possini. Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 7 : Hor. So, no m. for, impar : 
 Virg. Aen. I, 475. ||, A contest: 
 
 certaraen : v. co.ntest. |||, A vuir- 
 
 riage alliance : 1, conditio : to seek 
 
 a m. Jor one's daughter, c. filiae quae- 
 rere, Liv. j, 4;, extr.: he could make 
 sure of any m. he chose, niiUius c. noii 
 habebat potestatem, .Nep. Att. 12, init. 
 2. nuptiae, arum : a m.-maker, 
 nuptiarum conciliator, Nep. 1. c. : to 
 force any one into a m., in 11. coiijlcere 
 aliquem, Ter. Aiidr. j, 4, 2J : v. siak- 
 RIAGE. IV, For kindling : sul|)liura- 
 tum; found only in pi.. Marl. 1.41,4. 
 A lighteil m.. fx-rh. tax, igniculus; stuppa 
 ardins: v. firebrand. 
 
 match (o.) •■ aequo, adaequo. exaequo, 
 I : V. TO EQUAL. Phr.: to matcli, con- 
 similis (exactly resembling) : PI. : Cic. 
 
 matchless : Incomparabills, e (rare) : 
 
 v. INCOMPARABLE. 
 
 match-maker : conciliiitor (/. -trix) 
 
 nuptiarum: Nep. Att. 12. (Conclliatrix 
 occurs in bad sense, PI. Mil. ;, 17 : v. go- 
 between.) Pronuba, epith. of Juno, 
 goddess of marriage : Virg. . Ov. 
 
 mate (subs.) : |. ^'omra<Ze: sScius, 
 eta : v.<x>MPANiON. II. Male or female 
 of paired animals : coiijiix, ugis, c. : 
 Plin. 10. )9, 79 ^ 161. Ill, In chess: 
 
 V. CHECK-MATE. 
 
 mate ("•) •■ conjungor, j . v. to fair, 
 
 JOIN. 
 
 material (««*«.) •• I. The substance 
 out of whicJi something is made : ma- 
 teria or materies, ei : Cic. N. D. j, 59, 92 : 
 Vitr. : Ov. (N.B.— Ksp. used of ivood 
 for building : v. TIMBER.) Phr.: u-rit- 
 ing m.s, instrumentum scriptorium (v. 
 IMPLEMENT) : building m.s, *omnia quae 
 sunt utilia ad acditicaiiiliim ; saxa et 
 caemenia ceteraque ad ai-dificia (cf. Vitr. 
 2, 7, init.): also, copiae quae aptae sunt 
 aedificioruni perfectionibus (a more ela- 
 borate phr.), id. 2, 1,9: suitable w.s for 
 building, apiae ad aedificia copiae, cf. id. 
 2, 2, extr. : old ms used up again, redi- 
 vivus lapis, redivi vum rudus, etc : Vitr. : 
 7, I, i Cic. II. Fig. : matter to be 
 iixrrked tip by an author : silva (Gk. vArj), 
 miiteria, -es ; v. matter (II.). 
 
 material (adj.) : |. composed of 
 matter: 1. corporeus: Lucr. i.joj: 
 Cic. 2. expr. by corpus : e. g. cor- 
 poris naturam habms ; corporis natura 
 praeditus : cf. immaterial. ||, Im- 
 
 portant : q. V. 
 
 materialism : *opinio s. ratio eorum 
 qui omnia corporea natura coustare sta- 
 tuunt. (Not materialismu.s.) 
 
 materialist: *'iui omnia corporis 
 naturam habere contendit; qui negat 
 quicquam in rerum natura praeter cor- 
 pora exstare. (Not niaterialista, Kr.) 
 
 materially : muitum : v. much 
 (ailv.). 
 
 materials (-'"ft-'-) •■ Phr.: apparatus 
 rerum ad bellum, Caes. B. C. 2. 2, init, ; 
 belli instrumeutum et apparatus, Cic. 
 Ac. 2, I, J. 
 
 maternal : matemus : Cic. : Virg. 
 M. uncle, avunculus : Cic. : r. uncle. 
 
 maternity : expr. by mater, matres • 
 v. MOTHER. Festivid of m., matralia, 
 ium, and iorum : Ov. F. 6, ;?}. 
 
 mathematical : mathemiiticus : 
 
 Vitr.: Plin. I'o prove with m. certainty, 
 necessaria ma'hematicorum ratione con- 
 cludere, Cic. Fin. 5, 4, 9 : also, simply, 
 necessarie (necessario) demonstrare, id. 
 Inv. I, 29, 44. 
 mathematically : more mathema- 
 
 ticoruin . v. preced. art. 
 
 mathematician : mathematicus ■ 
 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 4, 9: Sen. Alto freq. = a?i 
 astrohigiT. 
 
 mathematics : math? matica, ae (sc. 
 ars) : Sen. Kp. 88, 2 J. See also geo- 
 metry. 
 
 matin (o^j)- miitutinus: v. horn- 
 tNG (atij.). 
 
 matins : *preces matutinae. 
 
 matricidal : expr. by matricidium, 
 matrem necare: v. toll. art. 
 
 matricide: I. The crime: I. 
 matriciiiuiin : Cic. Inv. 1, ij, 18. 2. 
 •• II 
 
 parricidium matrb . Suet. \er. j^ jiu. 
 (Or expr. by verb: to be gaiUy of in, 
 matrem necare s. occldere Cic. Inv. 1. 1) 
 II. The perpetrator : matricida, ae, 
 c. ; Cic. : Suet. 
 matriculate : *matriculor, i : Stat. 
 
 Acad. CauL p. 42. 
 
 matriculation : * mStriciiltttio . 
 
 Slat. .Vcail. Ijarjl. p. 42. 
 
 matrimonial : 'i^ coiyugium t. ma- 
 iriuiuiiiuiii piriinens : v. makkiagb. A 
 m. alliance, conditio, nuptiae : v. match 
 (III.). (N.B.— Not iiiatrimonialis.) 
 
 matrimony : matrimOnltun : V. 
 
 MARBIAGE. 
 
 matron : 1. matrona : Cic : Liv. 
 (The word usu. implies dignity, miiraX 
 or social.) Of or relating to m.s, ma- 
 tronalis, e : the duties of mj are mostly 
 confined to the house, lere domesliciu 
 labor matronalis est. Col. 12, pref. med. : 
 V. MATRONLY. 2. melon. stSla (Hit 
 dress of matrons) . Slat. S. i, 2, 2J5. 
 Hence, slolatae^maironae, Petr. 44, 
 fn. 
 
 matronly : 1. matronalis, e : m. 
 dignity, ui. gravitas, Plin. Kp. 5, 16, 2: 
 Liv. : the m. garb, m. habitus (= stola), 
 Ulp. Dig. 2. stoliilus (poet.) : m. 
 modesty, s. pudor. Marl, i, j?, 9. 
 
 matter (subs.) ; |. Hattrrial sub- 
 stance : corpus. 6rls, n. : Lucr. pats. : 
 Cic: cf MATERIAL, adj. (I.). ||. .Sub- 
 ject treated by an autlujr or speaker: 
 
 1. materia or -es, ei : truth is the 
 subject m. of philosophy, sapientiae qua^l 
 materia [quam tractetet in qua verseturj 
 subjecta est Veritas, Cic. Off. i, 5, 15 ; 
 m. for joking, materies ridicuioruin, m. 
 ad jocaiidum, id. de Or. 2, 59. 2J8 also 
 absol., my m. (for writing about) in- 
 creases, crescil mihi materies. Id. Att. 2, 
 12, med. 2. silva (in philos. sense = 
 (ik. uAij) : subject m. f(rr speaking, s. 
 dicendi, Cic. Or. j, 12: cf. id. de Or. ), 
 26, 102, silva rerum et sententiarum, 
 i. e.. the sutrject m. consisting of facts 
 and sentiments to be illustrated by the 
 orator. 3. argiimentum (in less pre- 
 cise sense : something to speak or write 
 about) : to furnish m.for a letter, dare 
 a. epistolae, Cic. Att. 10, i;, tned. : 
 yuint. 5, 10, 9 (= oninis ad scribendum 
 destinata materies). ||| Affair : ns, 
 rei,/.; Cic: Caes. (pass.), v. thikg. 
 
 IV. Concern, trouble : Phr. uhat 
 is the m. with youf quid tristis es? 
 Ter. Ad. i, 2, 2 ; or more generally, 
 quid est? ib. }, 2, 2;; el pass. : also, 
 quid tibi est, id. Heaut. 2, 4, 24: cl. Id. 
 Ad. 5, 5, 2, quid fit .> quid agitur ? he has 
 someUiing the m. irith him, *nonnihil 
 incommodi habet V. Importance, 
 
 consequence : usu, expr. by reiert, In- 
 If rest : v. foil. art. V|. /'us; 1. pus, 
 purls, n : described by Cels. as, crassis- 
 sinium, albidissimum (thick and pale- 
 oiUiured). Med. 5, 6, 20. 2- sanies, e. 
 (Ihinnish and bloody) : Cels. 1. c. Full 
 of m.. purulentiis Cato : Plin. 
 
 matter (»); ti*u. as v. impers.: 
 1. rclert, tulit, j, impers. : the person 
 concerned expr. by prons. m<a, tuft suft, 
 nostra, etc. ; the degree, by niullum, 
 hand muitum, magimpere, quid, nihil; 
 also, tanti, quantl, magni, parvl, etc. • 
 what does that m. to me, quid id refert 
 meaf PI. Cure, j, :; ; >< n»j little tiiot 
 
 parvi refert (with in/".), Cic Q Fr. 
 
 :,i, 7: cf. L.G.^28j. (N.B.— Thegen. 
 of person concerned is rare with refert) 
 
 2. interest, fuit. I'rr. (iisu. denoting 
 a higlier degree of concern than refert; 
 also often ukiiig pen. of person ton horn: 
 in other resi>ects con>tr. like that of 
 preced.) : what m.s it to him irhere you 
 are, quid illius i. ubi sis? Cic Att. 10. 4. 
 ad fin. : Cic. : Liv. 
 
 matting (.'"''.«•) ; tggetes. stores (nsefl 
 ascolliii. subs. I-lv. JO, J,./i»i.): v. mat 
 
 mattock : dOlabra us» d lor niinin^ 
 u-ork, l.lv 21,1 1, med (Ligo is a digging- 
 fork or sjMde.) 
 
 mattress: 1. cuMta (be-i or m.) : 
 cf Sen. Ep. 108, 2!. laudaiv .-oU-bai cul- 
 citam quae resisteret coryrrx (—a hard 
 bed or mattress): v bed. 2. gri- 
 batus (any mean bed) : Mart. 6, 59, 4 
 465
 
 M ATUR E 
 
 MEAL 
 
 MEANING 
 
 3. psiathium (a kind of mat or 
 mattress used by monks) : Hinr. 
 
 mature iodj.) .- maturus (rare in 
 exactly ihe sense of Eiig.) : wi. in mind 
 ijudyiiient), m. animi, Virg. Aen. 9, 246. 
 (Olif ner = read//, quick.prompt.) F h r. . 
 m. i/ears, adulta aeias (v. auult): pos- 
 sessing a m. jalginent, *jmiicii consi- 
 ilerati ac bene sani ; or Mniply, con- 
 sideratus, consideratissiinus (v. cON.si 
 
 UKKATK, SAGACIOUS) : See alSO RIPE (fig ). 
 
 mature ("■)■ I, Lit.: maturo, 
 cSquo, percOquo ; v. to ripen. ||. 
 Kig. : to prepare thxtrougldy : Phr. . 
 to in. one's plans, «)iisilia Mia expedire, 
 i'ac H J, 7 ? ; *rationes t^uas expedire ; 
 omnia rite parare (v. to pkkpark) : wm/ 
 pluiis are already m.d, jam iiistruc.a 
 sum milii in corde consilia omnia, I'er. 
 Pii. 2, 2, 7. (Mature) is to lias'.en any- 
 thing on lose nil time : cT. .Sail. Cat. J2, 
 insidi.is consuli niaturare.) 
 
 maturely : i. e. with full considera- 
 tion: perh. cnnsldgiare : Cic. Phr.: 
 hariiig m. considfred the matter, he . . . 
 *quum reia penitus perspectam ha- 
 beret ... 
 
 matureness ^ 1. maturltas: Cic : 
 
 maturity < Caes. : fig., precocious 
 maturity (of mind), festinata m., Cjuint. 
 6, pref. ^ 10 : m. of years for anything, 
 m. aetatis ad . . ., Cic. Fam. 4, 4, ad fin. 
 2. adulta aeta.s = years of maturity : 
 V. ADULT. Phr.. eren as a young man 
 he displayed great m,. of judgment, 
 'enituit in eo adhuc Juvene ingenium 
 providum atque eonsideratum ; Juvetiis 
 adhuc virlli consilio egit, cf Cic. Att. 
 14, 21 (acta res est animo virlli, consilio 
 puerili). 
 
 matutinal: matiitinus: V. MOKNiNG 
 {adj.). 
 
 maudlin; I. intoxicated: ebrius, 
 temulenius, matus (Petr. 41, extr., plane 
 matus sura, vinum mihi in cerebrum 
 abiit), II. Weak, silly, after the 
 
 fashion of persons in liquor : m. tears, 
 'lacrimae, quales vino niadentium sunt. 
 
 maugre: expr, by invitus: v. spite 
 
 OF (in). 
 
 maul : muico, i . v. to belabour, 
 handle (fin.). 
 
 maunder: \, To com plain :vnusso, 
 raus.sTto, I : V. to MCBSinR. II. To talk 
 on idly without a purpose .- peih. nugor, 
 I : cf. Cic. Div. 2, 1 {, itiii., iiisciie nugari. 
 Sometimes vagor, i, may .serve : of. id. 
 de Or. I, 48, 2c9, iie vagari et crrare 
 cogatur oratio. 
 
 mausoleum : mausoleum : Suet. 
 Aug. 100, //n. : Mart: Flor. 
 
 maw : Inglilvies, ei : Virg. G. i, 4JI ; 
 Col. See also stomach. 
 
 mawkish : perh. putldus {offensive 
 to a proper taste) : cf. Lat Diet. s. v. 
 
 mawkishly: perh. puiide: v. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 mawkishness : expr. by putidus : 
 
 there is a m. aliont these appeals, *inpst 
 putidi nonnihil in his obsecraiionibus : 
 txicare if m., *cave ne dum animos 
 miivere oinerls. mollis enervatusque esse 
 videaris 
 
 maxillary : maxillaris, e : Cels. : 
 Plin. 
 
 maxim : I. -^ receired truth : 
 *axioma, iiis, 7). (without ancient au- 
 thority, but used by midi-rn writers as 
 phil. i. t.) . V. AXIOM. II. In gen. sense, 
 a rule, precept : 1. praeceptum. in- 
 slltiitum : esp. in pi. : the ins if philo- 
 tophy, praecepta in-titutaque pliiloso- 
 pbiae, Cic. t)ff. init. 2. sentemia 
 
 (oft. used to denote a short pithy sen- 
 tence culled from an author) : cf. Cic. 
 N. D. I, JO. txtr., selectiie brevesque 
 eententiae, qiiasappellatis xvpCa^ So^ai; : 
 cf. Qumt. 8, ;. j, sententiae, quas Graeci 
 Yfu/uat (maxim, apophthegm) appell:int. 
 3. an oft-repeated m.. cantilena, 
 Cic. Atl. I. 19, 6 (n cr bromihi vaferille 
 Slculus insiisuriete(in<i7ena7« suam): cf. 
 id.de Or i, 2?. 10;, ex scholis cantilena, 
 threa l-bare m.sfrom the schools. 
 
 maximum • *quod maximum est. 
 
 May : (m<'nsis) Maius Cic. Tlie ist 
 of M.. Kaleiidi.e .\laiai-, Cic 
 
 may (<'•) .• j. l>enoting laufulness, 
 466 
 
 permission : licet, 2, impers. (with dat. 
 ol Kng. subject) . if you think men m^y 
 do just what theii can do. si hominibus 
 taiitum Ucere judicas quantum pos.-uni, 
 Cic. Ph. i;, 7, 15 : Catii minhi certainly 
 luxoe enjoyed himself at Tusculum, Ca- 
 loiii certe licuit Tusculi se delectare, id. 
 Itep. 1,1 • absol., viii-tress,may {(speak)!" 
 liera, licetne .? Ter. Heaul 5. 2, 20. 
 (N.B. — Might hare is expr. by perf. of 
 licet, the lollowing inf standing in the 
 pres. or imperf. tense: v ex.\. supr.) 
 II, I lenoiing opportunity or ability : 
 1. possum, irr. : it may be that I am 
 nm-to'.e//, fieri potest ut fallar.Cic. Kam. 
 I ;, 7! . v. able(tobe). 2 esi, im/«)S. 
 (usM. foil, by inf.) : one may leach a 
 certain poi7it, em qaaiiam prodire teniis, 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, J2 whicn one m. not say 
 in verse, quod versu dicere non est, id. 
 S. I, 5. 87 : o« might be inferred, ut 
 coiijectare erat, lac. A. 16, J4 : Liv. 
 3. expr. by subj. : tnis being always 
 the case after such conjunctions as ut, 
 ne, eic. : the perf . subj. is used atisol. to 
 denote that a thing may lie expected to 
 happen : perhaps some one may say, 
 fortasse quispiam dixerii, Cic. Sen. j, 8. 
 
 may-be : '• perhaps. 
 
 May-bug : *scarabaeus melolontha 
 (Linn,). 
 
 May-day: Kalendae Malae: orperh. 
 Floralia, inm and ioriim, n.pl. {a fes- 
 tival of Flora celebrated at the end of 
 April): Plin.: Macr. : more precisely, 
 *Floralia quae apud nostrates aguntur. 
 
 May-pole : *festa arbor (K. and A.). 
 
 May-queen : *regina floralis (.'). 
 
 mayor: best word perh. praeleclus 
 (with gen. or dat.): c(. Suet. Auj.'. j; : 
 praefectus urbis (a magistrate curing as 
 deputy governor of tlie city) : (iell. 14, 7 
 (pr. urbi). 
 
 mayoralty : praefectura : correl. to 
 praefectus : v. mayor. 
 
 maze (subs.) : labyrinthus; ambages 
 itinerum v. labtrinth. 
 
 maze (''.)■■ perturbo, i : v. to dis- 
 turb, CONFUSE. 
 
 mazy : inextricabilis, e : v. laby- 
 rinthine. 
 
 mead: I, a meadow: q. v. ||. 
 A kind of drink : niulsum : PI. Pers. 1, 
 }, 7 : Cic. 
 
 meadow : pratum : a icet or dry m., 
 p. irriguurn, siccum, Cato, R. R. 8 ; p. 
 riguuni, siccaneum. Col. 2, 17 : Cic. : Plin. 
 (if meadmvs, meadrnv-, pratensis, e : e.g. 
 m. mushi ounis, fungi pratenses, Hor. 
 
 meadow-land : pratum : Col. 
 
 meadow-sweet: spiraea: PUn. 21, 
 
 9, 29. (Spiraea ulmaria, Linn.) 
 
 measre : I, loar; esp. of soil: 
 
 1, macer, era, crum : Vnrr. : Col. 
 Join- (solum) exile et macruni, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, 25, 67 ; V. LEAN. 2. exilis, e 
 (thin, spare): a soil at once unhealthy 
 and m., pestilens simul et ex. ager. Col. 
 I, 4, oti init.: cf. snpr, 3. JejQ'ms 
 (rare in this sense) • Join: miser atque 
 jejuniis ager, Cic. Verr. ?, J7. 84 v. infr. 
 
 ||. Wanting in fulness and rich7iess 
 of expression : 1. jejunus (lit. fast- 
 ing) : opp. to plenus, Cic. de Or. ?, 4. 
 16: Quint. 2. exilis: Join: (genus 
 sermonis) exile, aridum, concisuni atque 
 minutum, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159. 3. 
 aridus : v. dry (IV.). |||, <canty 
 insufficient : exiguus, admodum parvus . 
 
 V. SMALL, SCANTV. 
 
 meagrely : in ig. sense (v. meagre, 
 IL) : jejune, exili'er Cic. de Or. i, ii, 
 50. See also insufficientlv. 
 
 meagreness : t. ';f .wJ.- exilTtas 
 (soli): Col. 8, 16, med. : Plin ||. Of 
 diction : 1. exiliias : opp to ubertas 
 in diiendo et -opia, Cic. de Or. 1, i2,t"ii. 
 
 2, ji'.iiinitas: Cic : v. jfjuxkness, 
 III, Inadequate supply : *exigua copia; 
 baud satis v supply. 
 
 meal : I. /■'lour : farina : v. flour. 
 BeVinging to m , meal, farinarius: e, g. 
 farinarium cribnini, a m.-sieve : Caio: 
 I'lui. Also, pollinarius (strictly, for 
 fine m.) : I'l. : Plin. ||. A repast: 
 1. cTbiis : after his mid-day m., 
 post c. meridianuni. Suet. Aug. 78; the 
 coena is an trening »//., coeiia est ves- 
 
 pertinus c, Isid. Or. 20, 2, 14 2, 
 6pulae, arum {sIt\ci\y a sumptwrus TO.); 
 a simple m., e. simpiicis, l>id. Or. 2, 20,- 
 5. F i g. : a m. for moths and voiins, 
 blatiaruni ac tinearum e., Hor. S. 2, 3, 
 119. Special terms : mw-ni/.t/ m., jenta- 
 culum (v. BRKAKFAST); prandium (v. 
 LUNCHEON) : principal m., coeiia (v. 
 dinner, supper). To take a sHght m,, 
 guctare, Cic. Mur. 55, 74: Plin. min 
 
 meal-time : *> ibi hora. 
 
 mealiness : expr l)y adj. : v. foil. art. 
 
 mealy : 1. tai Inosus : a m. mess, 
 f. congeries, Veg. Vet. 2, ?o, med. 2. 
 faritiulentus : Apul. ( Hoth rare : usu. 
 better, lariiiae s. poUinis naturam ha- 
 bens : v meal, flour.) 
 
 mealv- mouthed: perh. blandi- 
 
 16quus (sm^ioth- spoken) : PI. Bac. 5, 2, 57. 
 mean(sM6«.). |. That nhich lies 
 belli een two oppusites : 1, mSdus {llu 
 proper measure or limit) : there is a m. 
 in all things, est ni. in rebus, Hor. S. 1, i, 
 106 (see the place): v. mkasurk, limit. 
 2. mfidiocritas : to observe the to. 
 {in action), m. tenere [quae est inter 
 nlmium et parum], Cic. Off. i, 25, fin. : 
 the gol'ien m. {of poverty and riclies), 
 aurea m., Hor. ()d. 2, 10, 5. Phr.: to 
 observe the to., temperamentum tenere, 
 Plin. Kp. I, 7, J (leuip. implies a blend- 
 iny of two things; medi'Critas, a steer- 
 ing between them). For medius (not 
 medium as snbs.), v. intermediate. 
 
 II, Usu. ^i., that which conduces to 
 an end : v. means. 
 
 mean {adj.) ; |. Middle : medius : 
 v. intermediate. In the m. time, in- 
 terim, interea: v. meanwhile. ||, 
 Low in rank or birth : 1, hiunilis : v. 
 humble (I.), low (VI.). 2. sordidus 
 (stronger than hurailis, and implying 
 actual degradation : cf. Liv. 22, 2;, 
 extr., loco non humUi solum, sed etiam 
 soidido ortus) : the very m.est people, 
 sordidissinius quisque, id. i, 47 : Cic. 
 
 III, (iroielling, miserly i 1, sor- 
 didus : Hor. : Quint. : v. niggardly. 
 
 2. illiberSbs {unworthy of a free- 
 man, or, as we say, of a gentleman) : 
 Cic: V. unhandsome. |V. Slight, 
 contemptible : mSdiocris, e : esp. with a 
 negative: no m. men, non mediocres 
 viri, Cic. Rep. ?, 11 : 710 to. instiume7it, 
 (non) m. telum [ad tes gerendas], id. 
 Am. 17. 61. See also contemitible, 
 insignificant. 
 
 mean ( I'.); I. Toha7teinthem.ind. 
 purpose : e.\pr. by in anirao est (mihi), 
 cogito, etc. : v. to intiind. ||. To im- 
 poii : 1. v61o, t(T. (with (ia<. of proTf. 
 rejl,) : to understand what the uords (of 
 a Ian) »'i., iiuelligere quid sibi verba 
 velint, Cic. Leg. i, 14, extr. : n hat does 
 7ny father th. ? quid sibi vult pater.' 
 Ter. Andi'. 2, j, i. (Volo impli'S more 
 than mere verbal sense ; indicating d7-ift, 
 intent, scope.) 2. sigiiiiTco, i ; v. to 
 SIGNIFY. 3. vaieo, 2 (to ha re a cerlm7i 
 force') : they do not see what this word 
 m.s, hoc verbum quid valeat, non vident, 
 Cic. Off. J, 9, 59. Ill, 'I'o ctmij/rehend 
 under lilerm : 1, intelllgo,exi,ectum, 
 } : 11 hom do we m. by a 7-ichman, queni 
 intelligimus divitem? Cic. Par. 6, i, 42. 
 2. diCH, xi, ctum, j (after somithing 
 has bee7i mentioned) : 0/ course you to. 
 I'lato, Platonem videlicet dicis, Cic Leg. 
 J, init.: cf. paulo infr. ^ ?, quid quuni 
 dico. legem a me dici, nihilque allud in- 
 telligl viilo. 
 
 snirited : humili abjectoque 
 
 animo cf. Cic. V\\\. 5, 20, ./in., nil hu- 
 mlle, nil abjecluni cogilare. 
 
 meander (".) ; I' h r. : tjie river m.s 
 aUmg, •labitur .sinuoso cursu (flexu) 
 amnis : v. to wind (intr.). (Cic. has 
 maeandros quaerere, in Pis. 22, fin. = 
 TO double : but the expr. is not suitable 
 to use of a river.) 
 
 _ meandering (adj.) : sTnuosus, flexii- 
 osus V. WINDING (od;.). 
 
 meandering (s«b.v) : flexus, us (any 
 
 bend or turn): cf. Plin. 5, 29. 51, ita 
 sinuosus fle.xibus [fluvius Maeandros]. 
 Also maeandros, i, m. (not in exactly the 
 sjime sense as Eng.) : v. winding (subs.). 
 meaning (subs.) : \ .Sig7iiticatum:
 
 M K A N 1 N G L K S S 
 
 M K A S U R K 
 
 M K D D L K K 
 
 1, signf ficatio : m. of a uxn-d, s. 
 verbi, Varr. L. L. 9, 29, 40: to usi: t)ie 
 same word vith a differevt m., easdem 
 voces diversa s. ponere, (^uiiil. 9, J, 69 : 
 dr.. 2. ^is. vim, vi,J- {Joice, import) : 
 the m., nature, and different kinds of 
 \oords, vis, naliira, genera verborum, 
 Cic Or. J2, M 5 II hat is the (real) m. 
 of these fKif nurds, <iuae vis iiisit in his 
 p;uicis verbis, id I'am. 6, 2(wli(Te signi- 
 flcutii) could not l>e u.-.eil) '.^iiiiil. 3. 
 sententia (^gena'al sense) : it has this m., 
 in my opinion, id habcl lianc, »l opinor, 
 s., Cic. Off. ?, i,i}:in the very idea 0/ lair, 
 
 there lies the m , in lp>o nuniini- 
 
 legis ines>e vim et sentontiam ..... id. | 
 Leg. 2, 5, II. 4. pole.itas (.rare)- the 
 various mj of v-ords, verborum inulti- 
 plices p., Au' t. Her. 4, 54, init. 5. 
 notio: V. NoxroN, iDFA (11.). 6. very 
 oft. expr by significo, valeo, etc. ; the 
 m. of the word carere is this, carere lioc 
 signiticat, Cic. Tusc. I, j6, 88: to hare 
 the same m. (of words), idem valere, id. 
 Fin. 2, 4, U ; / don't understand the m. 
 of these uords, 'quid sibi liaec verba ! 
 velint, parum int<-lligo : v. to mran j 
 (II.). I'hr. : the expiession fides bona | 
 has a very rnide m., fidei Ixjnae nomen 
 latis-sime manat, Cic. OfT. ?, 17, "O. 
 II, Drift, scope of a speaker, etc. : 
 expr. by specto, v<51o (with dot. of pron. 
 reji.), vftleo : uhat is the m. of all 
 this speech, quorsum haec omiiis spectat 
 oratio? Cic. Ph. 7, 9, init.: this had a 
 very different mjrom what tluy wished 
 to appear, hoc longe alio spectabat atque 
 videri volebant, Nep. Them. 6 : wliat is 
 your m. (or aim), quid sibi vis? (v. to j 
 MEAN, II.): cf. .\ep. Them. }, Id re- ! 
 Bponsum quo valeiet quum inteUigeret 
 uemo {what uas its m. ; irhat it pointed 
 to) : see also DKtFT (III.). |||. Ex- 
 pressimi : q. v. 
 meaningless : absurdus : v. un- 
 
 MEANtNG. 
 
 meanly : \, in a lom condition .- 
 sordide el abjecte : Tac. Dial. 8. Fhr. : 
 m. bom, obscuro loco natus, Cic. : v. 
 himble(I.). II, I'oorly, icithout ho- 
 nour : sordide (usu. implying stinginess 
 as well as poorness): v.infr. Phr. : 
 TO. clad, sordidatus, Ter. Heaut. 2, ?, 56 : 
 Cic: also, obsoleta veste, Liv. 27, 54: 
 cf. obsoletiore Testitu, Cic. Agr. 2, 7, ij: 
 to be m. entertained, *admodum tenui 
 hospitio exeipi : to be m. lodged, *coena- 
 culo s. gurgustio habitare (v. garret, 
 hovel). III. In a niggardly manner : 
 1, sordide: Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 552: 
 Suet. 2. iUibSralUer {unkandsomtly) : 
 Cic. Att. 4, 2, med. 
 
 meanness : I. Of birth, etc .- 
 
 1, sordes, iuni, /. : from extreme 
 m. of rank, ex summis et fortunae et 
 vitae sordibus, Cic. Br. 62, 224. Join : 
 obscuritas et s., id. Vat. ;, 11. 2. 
 humilltas, obscuritas (less strong): v. 
 HUMBLENESS (I.). 3, expr. by sor- 
 didus, sordide : the greater the m. of 
 their extraction, quo sordidius [et ab- 
 jectius] nati sunt, Tac. Dial. 8 : quo 
 sordidlore loco natI sunt: v. mean. adj. 
 (II.), meanly (1.). II, I'oorness, as 
 proper to those in humble circuinstances : 
 expr. by a/ij. : m. of attire, sordida s. 
 obsoleta vestis, etc. : v. mean, a(y. (11.). 
 Ill, Niggardliness ; 1, sordes, is, 
 /. ; esp. pi. • to charge any <me with such 
 m., tantas s. alicni objicere, Hor. S. i, 6, 
 68 : m. and churlishness, sordes (pi.) et 
 inhunianitas, Cic. Mur. j6, 76 : Cic. has, 
 niillam in re familiarl sordem, i. e. no 
 avl of mianness, VI. j. 7. .loin: sordes 
 (sing.) et avaritia. Tac. H. i, 52. 2. 
 avantla : v. NiGGAKr)i,iNKs.s. 
 
 means : I. instrument or manner : 
 modus: v. manner, way. Phr.: to 
 give any one Cite m. of arriring at 
 a decision, alicui faculUitem judicandi 
 facere, Cic. Verr. 2. 2, 7!, 179 (v. oei'OR- 
 TUNiTi') . thiy hod the m. ol livinij in 
 ease and luxury, (luibus in otio muUiter 
 vivere copia erat, S.dl. Cat. 17 by this 
 m., ita (v. Tiitis): by no to., haudqua- 
 quam (v. foil, art.): by all m., magno 
 opeie or magnopere ; also, ma.\inio ojiere 
 or maximupere : cf. Cic. I-am. }, 2, 
 
 a te maximopere etiam atque etiam 
 quaeso et peto (most particularly ; by 
 all means) : also simply niaxime (v. 
 especially, 4) : and, esp. when a " but " 
 follows, omnino: cf. Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71, 
 danda umiiino opera est ut omni generl 
 satislacere possimus: sed si... (i. e. by 
 all mrans let its try to do justice to all ; 
 but if...): by fair m., recte, Hor. Kp. 
 
 1. I, 66: In/ any m. (right or irrong), 
 quocuiKiue modi), ib. ||, Hesouixes : 
 res familiaris; res privata; faculiates, 
 etc.: v. fortune (111.). 
 
 means, by no : 1. haudquaqui\rn 
 
 or iieiinuquaiii (strong negatives): glory 
 by nil m. equal, baud par gloria, Sail. 
 Cat. i : by «o m. comparable, neq. cum- 
 parandus, Cic. Ilv. 2, 8, 26. 2. '"■"- 
 liquam (^ preced.) : Cic. OfT. 2, 10. 36: 
 3. minlmc (like preced. ; esp. tre- 
 quent In dialogue) : the air is by no m. 
 void if heat, aer m. est caloris expcrs, 
 Cic. N. D. 2. 10, 26 : don't you believe 
 these stories i'—by no to., an tu haec non 
 credis.> — Minime vero, Cic. I'usc. 1.6. 10 : 
 strengthened by gentium: Ter. Ph. 5.8, 
 44. 4. iiuUo modo (meaning that 
 something cannot be done) : Cic. Verr. 
 
 2, 2, 76, rnit. : v. way. 
 measles: •morbilli: med. t.t. 
 measurable : *quod metiri possis. 
 measure (subs.) : |. standard for 
 
 measuring; dimension, quantity : 1. 
 mensura : I'hidon invented m.s and 
 weights, mensuras et pondera I'hidon 
 (invenit), Plin. 7, 56, 57 $ 198: Nep.: 
 to return what you have received in 
 larger to., quae acceperis majore m. red- 
 dere, Cic. Off. i, 15, 48. 2, m6dus (esp. 
 of land): mjijfor land, m. quibus meti- 
 untur rura, Varr. R. K. i, 10, init. : Cic. 
 Att. n, JJ (ni. agri): a false m. (mea- 
 surement), falsus m.. Dig. Ii, 6. Uimin. 
 modulus (of any small object) : to the m. 
 of his person, ail corporis sui modulum, 
 Suet. Ner. 49: Hor. ||. /'roper mea- 
 sure : modus: everything has its m., suus 
 cuique (lei) m. est, Cic. Or. 22, 7J : to ob- 
 serve a m. in anything, alicnjus rei m. 
 habere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59. '44 : v. mo- 
 deration, limit. Ill, Extent: Phr.: 
 in some »u., aliquatenus ; aliqua ex parte ; 
 V. EXTENT (fin.). IV. -4 course of 
 action, plan: consilium, ratio : v. plan. 
 Fhr.: to take m.s : (1). consulo, ui, 
 tum, } (with dat. of that on behalf of 
 icAicft ; in and ace. of person against 
 whom) : to take m.s with a view to peace 
 for tlie future, olio posteritatis c, Cic. 
 Fam. 2, 18, extr. : to adopt cruel m.s to- 
 wards the vanquished, crudeliter in de- 
 ditos c, Liv. 8, i ;, ad fin. (2). provideo, 
 2 (to see to beforehand ; exercise fore- 
 thought: with dat.: also de and abl.:) 
 V. TO provide. V. In music; usu. 
 pi. : 1. modi : Hor. Ep. I. }, i } : Cic. : 
 i Ov. 2. nuniSri (esp. with ref. to me- 
 trical feit) : Cic. de Or. j, 47, 182 : Hor. 
 measure ('••) •■ 1. metior, mensus, 
 4 (in miist senses of An</.) : to m. land, 
 corn, etc., agrum, frumentum m., Cic: 
 Hor. Fig.: to to. all things by gain, 
 omnia quaestu (suo) m., Cic. Ph. 2, 4;, 
 III: Sail.: Liv. Comps. (1). dimetior, 
 4 (to TO. out) : to TO. sky and land, coe- 
 lum atque lerram d., Cic. .Sen. 14, 49 : 
 Caes. (2). emetior, 4 (rare in lit. sense ; 
 oftener = to traverse, q. v.) : to m. a 
 space with the eyes, spatium oculis e., 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 772. (3). permetior, 4 
 (also rare) : to m. the magnitude of the 
 sun, as uith a m.ing-nxi, tolls mapni- 
 tudinem quasi deceiiipeda perm., Cic. 
 Ac. 2, 41, 126. (N.B.— The perf. part, of 
 niHiior and comps. may be used in pass, 
 sense: cf. L. 0. $ 5:5) 2. meto, 
 
 metor, i (to lay down by measuring) : 
 V. to mark out, lay out. Phr.: to to. 
 oneself against another (in cmnl>at), con- 
 grcdi : cf. Nep. Hann. i, quotiescunque 
 cum eo [P. R.] congrcssus est in Italia, 
 semper discessit superior : and Virg. 
 Aen. I, 47; (v. to encounter): alsn 
 peril, e.xperiri : cf. Nep. Han. extr., ut 
 interire quani Romanos non experiri 
 mallet (he was determined to m. himself 
 with them) : also Virg. Aen. 11, 28}, 
 experto credite qiiantus, eic. (belUve me, 
 
 u'ho hare md my strenyth with him IM 
 theficld). 
 
 measure out : metor, i : v. to vakk 
 out (I.) ; i.a\ out. 
 
 measured(i*"'anda</;.): I. Tfiat 
 
 has been measured: mensus: Cic. ||, 
 Moderate : Phr.: to denouint in 7io m. 
 teims, vehementius s. iiuli-meiiLiu'i in 
 aliquem invebi : v. to invkigh. |||. 
 Steady ; in time : Phr.: dauvtUss and 
 m. pace, intrepida ac decora iiKi-deiidi 
 niiKlutatio, Gell. i, 11, extr. : cf. ib. med., 
 gradiis Clemens, i. e. a quiet, steady 
 pace. 
 measureless : immensus . v. in- 
 
 MEA.^URAl;L^.. 
 
 measurement: mensura, mOdus 
 
 (the latter esp. of land) : v. UEAbURi: (I.). 
 (Meiisio, V. rare: m. vocum, Cic Or. 5J, 
 
 17T) 
 measurer ; mensor (of land) .- v. 
 
 land-measurek. 
 
 measuring (subs.) .• expr. by men- 
 siira, metior : v. measure (subs, and 
 verb): m.-rod, decenipeda (lo/t. /</rif/) : 
 Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126: Hor.: m.-c/iatrt. 
 •catena mensoria (R. and A.). 
 
 meat: I. In widest sense: clbus : 
 v. Fof)D. II. /inimui /wx/ ; caro, car- 
 nis,/. : v. FLiiSH. J m.-«a/e, camarium : 
 Plin. 19, 4, 19 } 57. 
 
 mechanic (subs.) : i. e. a worker at 
 a skill) d trade: 1. Opifex, icis : we 
 employ the haruls of m.s, tnaiius opi- 
 ficuni adhibemus, Cic. N. D. 2,60, 150 
 cf. id. Off. 1,42, i;o, opifces oranes in 
 sordida arte versantur (showing that the 
 status of an opifex was similar to that 
 of our mechanic) : Sail. 2. faber, bri 
 (a uorker in vood, iron, etc.) : v. smith, 
 cabpenter. ^N.B. — Not operarius, which 
 is simply a laimurer, " a hand.") See 
 
 also MErHANICIAN. 
 
 mechanic (at'j) < 1- mechJnlcua : 
 
 mechanical 5 a figure (automa- 
 ton) made by m. skill, simulacrum ratione 
 quadam disciplinaque mechanica (actum, 
 Gell. 19, 12, Jin.: I.,ampr. 2. machl- 
 nalis, e: m. science, m. scieniia, Plin. 7 
 37, }8. 3. organicus: Vitr. 10, i, } 
 
 (vestitus telarum oryanicis administra^ 
 tionibus connexu.s, i. e. by meclianicai 
 aid). Phr.: m. trades, *ii\y\ficum artet 
 s. artificia, cf. Cic. Off. I, 42 . by m. con- 
 trivances, machinationibus, Caes. B. 6 
 4, 17 (v. machinery): having a m. ge- 
 nius, machinatione quadam atque sol- 
 lertia praeditus, cf. Cic. N. I>. 2, 48, 12} 
 (For fig. sense = not voluntary, v. ma- 
 chine, fin.) 
 
 mechanically : mechanica quadam 
 arte v. preced. art. (1). 
 
 mechanician: mechanlcus: Suet 
 Vesp. 18: Col. 
 
 mechanics : mechanica ars, Finn.. 
 also simply, mechanica. Sym. The the- 
 ory of nu, machinalis scientia, Plin. 7. 
 J7. J8. 
 
 mechanism: 1. machlnatio: tt, 
 be moved by a kind q/' jii., m. quadam 
 moveri, Cic. N. D. 2, J8, 97. 2, nie- 
 
 chiinica ratio: GeU. 10, 12, /n. See 
 also machinehy. 
 
 mechanist : v. mechanician. 
 
 medal : 1. nfimisma s nomismik 
 atis, n. (any coin): cf Dig. 7, l, 28, nu, 
 mismalum veterum quibus pio gemmii 
 uti solent : Kckhel : Burman. 2. 
 numus or nummus (a coin : in class. 
 J>at. usu. = money) : Patiii. In Suit , 
 numus in memoriam alicujus rei slgna- 
 tus; n. memorialis, Kr.: a m. uxis struck 
 in commemoration of the event, *per- 
 cussus (cusus) est numus hiyus rei me- 
 moriae causa. 
 
 medallion: v. preced. art. 
 
 medallist: I. .^laker of medaU: 
 nuiiioruni arlifex : v. preced. art. ||, 
 Wearer of medal : *numo (honoris causa) 
 slgnatus. 
 
 meddle (•'■"> ■ '"^ InterpCno, immtd- 
 ceo, etc. (.usu. with dat.): v. to inteb- 
 fere. Phr.: m. not n-ith the .•<agun- 
 tines, ne quid rei libi sit cum Saguntiois, 
 Liv. 21, 44. med. 
 
 meddler : perh. homo curiosus : cf. 
 Cic. Fl. 29, 70 ; ivitere me esse curiosum 
 (to pry into another man's affairs, play 
 467
 
 MEDDLING 
 
 MEDLEY 
 
 MEETING 
 
 t?ie meddler) : more precisely, *curiosior 
 remm alienarum, (qui se alienis rebus 
 immiscere solet : v. to interfere). Ar- 
 delio is a fussy busy-body, Phaedr 2, ;. 
 
 meddling {adj.) -. perh. curiosus : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 meddling (.subs.): expr. by verb: 
 
 T. TO INTERFERE. 
 
 mediaeval ; *medium aevuin. 
 
 medial: *m6dius: Gram. t.t. 
 
 mediate (adj,) .- P h r. • m. causes, 
 causae adjurantes et proximae (opp. to 
 causae principales et perfectae), Cic. Fat. 
 18,41. 
 
 mediate (w) •• I. in trans.: to 
 act as mediator : Phr.i he offers to 111. 
 (between the parties),vatd\\irase&so^exl, 
 Virg. Aen. •), 5J6 (cf. mediator); se 
 interponere ad componendam litem, cf. 
 Cic. Fam. 10, 21 : to in. between estranged 
 friends, aversos componere amicos, Hor. 
 S. I, 5, 29: cf. Virg. K. J, 108, non nus- 
 trum inter vos tantas componere lites. 
 II. I'rans. : Phr. : to m. a peace, 
 sese interponeiido pacem [inter cives] 
 conciliare, cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 27 : v. to 
 BRING ABOUT ; RECONCILE. (N.B. — Inter- 
 cedo = to interfere, q. v.) 
 
 mediately : <?/' causation, causis ad- 
 juvantibus et proximis: Cic. Fat. 18, 41. 
 
 mediation : expr. by deprecator, 
 precator (cf. foU. art.) ; by his to., eo 
 deprecatore, Caes. B. G. i, 9. See to 
 
 MEDIATE. 
 
 mediator : 1. deprecator {one who 
 makes petition in favour uf another) : 
 Cic. : Caes. : v. intercessor. So prfica- 
 tor, Ter. Pb. i, 2, 90. 2. m6dius {adj.) : 
 Virg. Aen. 7, 5j6. Join: pacator nie- 
 diusque, Sil. 16, 122. 3. mediiitor (late) : 
 Vulg. Gal. iii. 20: I>act. (Specially of 
 Christ as Mediator : Vulg. : Feci.) 4. 
 sgquester, tris (rare): m. betueen patri- 
 cians and plebeians, inter patres ac 
 plebem [publicae gratiae] s., Sen. Cons. 
 Helv. 12: so, pacis sequester, Lucan, 10, 
 472. Phr.: to act as m., sese inter- 
 ponere ad pacem conciliandam, etc. : v. 
 
 to MEDIATE. 
 
 mediatorial : e.xpr. by *mediator, 
 
 etc.: V. MEDIATOR. 
 
 medical : j. I'ertaining to medi- 
 cine: 1. mgdicus : m. care, m. dili- 
 gentia, Plin. 1 1, jg, 9J : Ov. 2. nifi- 
 dicinalis, e : the m. art, m. ars, Cels. 
 pref. TOcd. : Plin. 3. niedicinus(rare): 
 Vajr. L. L. 5, 18, 9?. Phr.: the m. art, 
 medicina (v. medicine) : m. attendant, 
 medicus (v. physician): to. students, 
 raedicinae studiosi, Stat. Acad. Cantab. 
 II, Having healing power : medi- 
 cus: V. MEDICINAL. 
 
 medically : P h r. : fo treat v^ounds 
 m., vulneribus (quibusdam) medicamen- 
 titt mederi, Cels. pref. init. 
 
 medicament: mgdicamentum.med- 
 icamen : v. medicine. 
 
 medicate : medico, i : to m. seeds, 
 semina ni., Virg. G. 19}: m.d wines, 
 vina medicata. Col. 
 
 medicinal : 1. mSdTcus : even 
 
 fire has a in. power, est ipsis ignibus m. 
 vis, Plin. }6, 27, 69 : a hut m. .spring, 
 calidus fons m. salubritatis, id. ;, 16. 15. 
 2. miiditabilis, e : Col. 7, 10 extr.: 
 Pall. 3. saliilaris, saliiber : Gooi>, adj. 
 (111.). 
 
 medicinally; *medicamenti loco; 
 propter salutem. 
 
 medicine : I, I'l'e art or theory : 
 mfdlcina : Cels. pref. init. : Cic. (Less 
 freq., ars medicinalis s. medica- v. me- 
 dical, 1.) Phr.: to stitdy m., rei me- 
 dicae studio operam dare, Stat. Acad, 
 ('autab. II. A medical remedy: 1. 
 iiiedicamentum : to give any one m. for 
 dropsy : alicui m. dare ad aquam inter- 
 ciiu-m, Cic. Off. i, 24, init. : Cels. pref. 
 init. : to take m., m. sumere (gen. t'lm). 
 Curt. }, 6, init.; haurire (pi fluids), ib. 
 med.: Plin. 2. mSdicainen. ini-s n. : 
 violent to.s, m. violenta, Cic. in Pis. 6, 
 li. 3. rgmfdium : v kemedv 4. 
 mSdieina (medical treatment of any 
 kind : rare in lit. sense) : Fig.:/ need 
 no m., I am, my own comforter, non egeo 
 medicina; me ipse coiisolor, Cic. Am. 
 ?, 10 . sleep is as it were the to. of 
 468 
 
 fatigue, somnus affert m. quandam la- 
 boris, id. Fin. 5, \<).fin. 
 medicine-case: 1. pyxis, idis, 
 
 /. (a small box to hold medicines, per- 
 fumes, etc.): Sen. Ep. 95, 18 Cic. Plin. 
 
 2. narthecium (rare) : Cic. Fin. 2, 
 7, ./in. 
 
 mediocre : 1. mediocris, e : V. 
 MIDDLING. 2. tolerabllis, e: cf. Cic. 
 de Or. r, 2, 8. 
 
 mediocrity: mediocrltas: Cic Phr.: 
 it is very rare that any (poet) rises above 
 m., perraro exoritur aliquis excellens, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, j, 11. 
 
 meditate : I. To dxcell upon in 
 
 thought: \, co^lo, I {to think about) : 
 mure fully, animo agitate et cogita'e de 
 aliqua re, Cic. Font. 6, 12 : cf. id. N. I). 
 I, 41, 114: with ace. of neut. pi'on., ali- 
 quid attentius c, id. Off. i, 40, 144: v. 
 TO THINK. 2. volvo, vi, iitum. j (to 
 
 turn over carefully in tlie mind) : cut he 
 was m.ing upon many {diffei ent) plans, 
 niulta secum volventi, Li v. 26, 7 : Sail. ; 
 more precisely, animo volvere, Liv. 42, 5, 
 init. So voUito, I {frequent.): Liv.: Lucr. 
 (N.B. — Volvo, voluto denote anxious 
 meditation upon schemes, dangers, etc. ; 
 not co(to philosophical meditation.) 
 
 3. mgditor, 1 (to bring care and 
 effort to bear upon anything : rarely if 
 ever of pure meiiitation) : I was m.ing 
 {"studying ") what to say in reply, quid 
 contra dicerem mecum ipse meditabar, 
 Cic. N. D. J, init. : so of an orator study- 
 ing his brief, id. Off. i, 40, 144 : Hor. S. 
 
 1, 9, 2 (cf. Forrell. s. v., universim me- 
 ditari aliquid est non solum cogitando 
 persequi, sed etiam agendo et piaepa- 
 rarulo). See also to cxjntem plate, con- 
 sider. 4. tommentor, i (to think 
 carefully of, study, device) : cf. Cic. Br. 
 88, ^01, quae secum commentatus esset, 
 i. e. what he had studied and prepared 
 {without writing). ||. To be bent on, 
 hare in view; \, mgditor, i : he iias 
 m.ing an invasion of t'ersia, meditiiba- 
 tur proficisci in Persas, Nep. A^es. 4, 
 init. : Cic. 2. expr. by in animo 
 est (with dat. of person), etc.; v. to 
 
 INTEND. 
 
 meditation: 1, cogTtatio: silent 
 
 TO., tacita c, Cic. Off. j, 1, Jin.: urapt 
 in TO., in cogitalione deflxus, id. de Or. 
 J^ 5, 17: v. THOUGHT. 2. mentis agi- 
 tatio : Cic. Off. j, i, 4 (mentis agitatione 
 investigationeque earum reruni quas 
 cogitando consequebatur) : ib. i, 5, fin. 
 3. meditatio (rare in this sense) : 
 Cic. Tusc. J, 15, j2 (meditatio futuri 
 mali): Cartes. (Or expr. by verb: v. 
 
 TO MEDITATE.) 
 
 meditative: Phr.: in am. mood, 
 cogitabundus {absorbed in thought),GeU.. 
 
 2, 1 : of a m. turn of mind, *qui sulet 
 in cogitatione detigi : cf. preced. art. (1). 
 
 meditatively : expr. by cogitabun- 
 dus: V. L. G. ^ J4}. 
 
 mediterranean : Phr.: the M. tea, 
 mare mediterraneum or mare magnum, 
 Isid. Or. I}, 16, I: also, mare internum 
 s. medium (l^i-) : called by the Hoiiians, 
 mare nostrum, Caes. B. G. 5, i : Mela, pa,«s. 
 ( riie term mare meiiiterraneuni is ob- 
 jected to by Kr., on the authority of 
 Isid. 1. c. ; but he misunderstands" the 
 passage : mare magnum is too vague for 
 general use.) 
 
 medium (suhs.) : |. Something 
 
 intermediate: expr. by medius. v. in- 
 termediate; also MEAN {subs.). II, 
 A person who mediates or acts as gc- 
 betti-een: internuntius, sequester, concl- 
 
 liiitor : V. GO-BErWEEN. 
 
 medium (adj.) : mediocris, e : v. 
 
 MIDDLING. 
 
 medlar : I. Tiie tree : mespilus, i, 
 /. : Plin. 15, 20, 22 : also, mespilum, I'all. 
 Insit. 69, II. r/ie /rtttJ: mespilum : 
 Plin. 
 
 medley : 1. farrago, Inis, /. 
 
 (strictly, a kind of hash) : Juv. i, 86 
 (f. libelli), 2, collfivio, onis,/. , later, 
 coUuvies, em, e (lit. nashings, a mass 
 of impurities) : a vile m. of n ords, col- 
 liivio verborum deierrima, Gell. i, 15, 
 fin.: cf Liv. j, ij,m.ed., c. rerum, i.e. 
 a confused state of things. 3. perh. 
 
 sartago, inis, /. (lit. frying-pan) : Pen. 
 I, 80 (s. loquendi). 4. (?) lanx satur» 
 (quam dicimt) : v. Lat. Diet. s. v. sattira. 
 
 medullary : medullaris, e : Apul. 
 
 meed: praemium; merces: v, re- 
 ward. 
 
 meek : 1. mitis, e {gentle, quiet) : 
 Cic. : Ter. : blessed are the m., beati 
 mites, Vulg. Matt. v. 4: v. gentlk 
 (II., 4). 2. demissus {unassuming: 
 also in bad sense, mean-spirited) : Cic. : 
 
 V. UNASSLMIKG. See also HtJSIBI.E (11.). 
 
 meekly : summisse.summisso animo, 
 moclesie: v. humbly. 
 meekness ; animus mitis, demissus, 
 
 etc.: V. .MEEK, HIMBLK (11.). 
 
 meerschaum: *niaris spuma quae 
 dicitur : genus argillae quae spuma 
 maris dicitur. 
 
 meet {subs.) : P h r. : to go to the m., 
 *ad locum indicium ubi venautes con- 
 veniant proficisci. 
 
 meet {adj.) .- aptus, accommSdatus, 
 etc. : V. FIT {adj.). 
 
 meet (<'.) • |, To fail in with : \, 
 expr. by obviam {adv.) : with dat. : 
 Clodius m.s him, ob. tit ei Clodius, Cic 
 Mil. lo, 28 : Ter. : with ellipsis of vet b, 
 it is the very man I wanted to to., ipse 
 est quem volui ob., Ter. Ph. i, 4, 18; 
 so, to go to m. any one, alicui ob. pro- 
 cedere, Cic. Ph. 2, 32, init. : ob. prodire 
 {in a public uay), id. Mur. jj, init.: to 
 send a person to m. any one, aliquem 
 alicui mittere ob., id. Att. 12, 5, 5 to 
 hasten to m., alicui currere ob., Ter. Hcc. 
 }, 2, extr. 2. by obvius: if the other 
 were not going to m. him, si ille obvius 
 ei futunis non erat, Cic. Mil. 18, 47: 
 the place they should 7»i.a<, quo in Iolo 
 inter se obvii fuissent, Sail. Jug. 79, 
 med. : his mother met him, cui mater 
 sese tulit obvia, Virg. Aen. I, J14: the 
 first person uiho should m. him,, quem 
 primum obvium habuisset. Just. i,b,init. 
 3, incido, } (with in and ace.) : v. i o 
 FALL IN with. 4. obvenio, veni, ntum, 
 4(rare) : Cic. Att. 2, I1,extr. 5. occurn., 
 curri (rarely cficurri), sura, } (to hasten lo 
 go to meet) : he hastened to m. Caesar, 
 Caesari venienti occurrit, Caes. B. C. j, 
 79 : / wrote word to him to m. me at He- 
 raclea, scripsi ad eum ut mihi ad Hera- 
 cleam occurreret, Br. in Cic. Br. i, 6: 
 PI. (For offendo, v. to find, 4.) ||, 
 'Jo encounter : obviam eo ; concurro, 
 etc. : V. TO encounter. Phr.: to m. 
 death, mortem oppeiere, Cic. Ph. 14, 14, 
 }8 : Liv. : also, occumbere mortc or 
 mortem, and poet, niorti : to to. death 
 for ime's countiy, pro patiia mortem 
 (al. morte) occumbere, Cic. Tusc. i, 42, 
 extr. Liv. 2, 7, med. (mortem). See 
 also to face. III. To come together 
 assemble: 1. convgnio, veni, ventum, 
 4: Sail. Cat. 17: more definitely, c. in 
 unuin. Sail. Jug. 11 ; c. in unum locum, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 19. 2. coeo, 4, irr. (in 
 this sense, esp. poet, and late) : we met 
 in the portico of l.ivia, coimus in porti- 
 cum Liviae, Plin. Ep. i, 5,9: (a place) 
 vliere the people could in., quo populus 
 coibat, Hor. A. P. 207: Suet. |V. In 
 geometry, to have contact : Phr. : to m . 
 
 in a point, coire in puncto Cart. 
 
 Dioptr. 5, 8 : to m. in the same point (of 
 a number of lines), in eodem puncio 
 concuriere, congregari, ib. ;, 4. 
 
 together : convenio, 4 : V. to 
 
 meet (III.) 
 
 with : offendo, di, sum. j : to 
 
 in. with any one in the stnet, aliqueni 
 in platea of., Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 54: v. to 
 FIND (4). Phr.: to m.uith an enthu- 
 siastic reception, effusius (effusissime) 
 excipi. Suet. Ner. 22 : Pompeijs speech, 
 met with a cold reception, Pompeii oratio 
 frigebat, Cic. Att. i, 14, 2 : cf. mortuo 
 plausu {sc. e.Ncipi), ib. 2, 19, 2. (N.B. — 
 Expr. to mei-t i, ith an accident, etc., by 
 accido, conlingo, the latter usu. in good 
 sense : v to happen.) 
 
 meeting {subs.) .- |. Act of coming 
 together: conventus, us: Sen. Q. N. 7 
 12 cc stellarum); concursus, iis : v.<;oN- 
 couRSE. II. An assentbly : conventus: 
 V. ASSEMBLY. Phr.: the place j/ »»., 
 in quo loco coitur. Suet. Aug. a.
 
 MEETING -HODSE 
 
 M £ ai. B £ R 
 
 MEMORY 
 
 meeting-house: perh- conventtcu- 
 
 lam . V. CONVKNTICLK. 
 
 meetnesB : \- htness. 
 
 megrims ; *• <"• the cumplaint, heml- 
 craniuni : Marc. Emp. 
 
 melancholic: meianchuilcus : Cic. 
 Tusc. 1, J!. 80. 
 
 melancholy (subs.) .- ]. As a dis- 
 ease : atra bilis: cf. Cic. Tusc. J, ;, 11 : 
 V. HYPfKiiosDRiA. II, Sadness : ths- 
 tltia, mae.-itilia : v. .sadnkss. 
 
 melancholy (»((?'■) • tristls. maestus ; 
 
 V. SAD. 
 
 melee : *piiKna confusa in qua vir 
 Tirum clidii qiiociim congrodiaUir. 
 
 melilot: melilotus or -um : I'lin. 
 
 melliferous: mellifer, era, erum: 
 Ov. 
 
 mellifluous : mellifluens (late and 
 rare): Aus. Kpist. 16, 14 (m. Nestor): 
 i. e. ex cuju.s lingua quasi niel quoddam 
 oratioiiis fluere videtur, cf. Cic. Sen. 10, 
 init. 
 
 mellow (adj.) : 1. mitis, e (in lit. 
 sense, poet.): m. fruits, m. ponia, Virg. 
 K. I, 81 : m. wine, m. Bacchus, id. G. i, 
 J44. Of style : riper and mer, matu- 
 rior et ralllor, Cic. Br. 8j, ez/r. ; cf. id. 
 Sen. 9, 28, senis compta et mitis oratio. 
 2 leiiis, e: epith. of wine (opp. to 
 austeruni), Ter. Ileaut. j, I, ;i. Fig.: 
 a m. voiw, vox lenis, Quint. 11, j, 15. 
 
 3. languldus (poet.) : tlii m.er sorts 
 of wine, languidiura vina, Hor. Od. j,2i, 8. 
 So, langueeco, j, to grow m., lb. j, 16. j;. 
 
 4. maturus (ripe) : Join: matura 
 et cocta (ponia) =; ripe and meUnw, C\c. 
 Sen. 19, fin. : v. ripe. 5. mollis, e 
 (rare) m.est tvines, vina mollisslma, 
 Vlrg. G. I, ?4t. 
 
 mellow ("•)•• I. Trans.: c6quo, 
 xi, ctuni, (: v. to ripen. I'hr. : time 
 m.s sound wine, * tempore vina bene 
 firraa leniora redduntur; v. preced. art. 
 II. In trans.: 1. miituresco, turui, 
 j: V. TO KiPEN. Fig.: if his virtues 
 had beeji aJloued to m., si maturuisseut 
 vinutes ejus, Plin. Ep. 5, 9, 5. 2. 
 
 languesco, langui, } (poet.): Hor. Od. }, 
 
 16, j;. 
 
 mellowness: expr. by adj. or verb: 
 V. preced. artt. 
 
 melodious: 1. canorus: asueet, 
 m. voice, vox suavis et c, Cic. Br. 66, 
 214. Join: profluens et canorus, Cic. 
 de Or. J, T,lin. 2. niimerosus (strictly, 
 in time or rhythm) : m. Horace, n. Hora- 
 lius, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 49: cf. Cic. Or. 50, 
 168 (n. oratio) : v. rhythmical. 3. 
 moduiatus (rare in this sense): as cpith. 
 of style, (Jell. 1 5, 24, ad init. 
 
 melodiously : 1. numgrose 
 
 (rhythmicall ;/, musically) : stringed in- 
 strunvnts sauntiing m., fidiculae n. 
 sonantes, Cic. .N. I). 2, 8, fin.: freq. of 
 style and thr cadence of sentences, id. Or. 
 52, 175. 2. caiiore: Apul. 
 
 melodiousness : expr. by adj. -. cf. 
 
 Cic. Sen. 9, 28, omnino canuruni illud 
 (Jthe proverbial in., viz. of the voice of 
 ol/ini'n, in llomei) in voce splendescit. 
 Sometimes iminerus, numeri, may serve: 
 
 V. RHVTHM. 
 
 melodrama : perh. *drama musicum 
 s. nielicutii. 
 
 melodramatic : '• e. marked by 
 staHling incident as in melodrama : 
 Phr. : tt TO. story, •historia (fabula) 
 miraculis casibusque atrocibus referta. 
 
 melody: I. Melodiousness-, q. v. 
 
 II. .An aiireeahle succession of sounds, 
 
 a tune: nifilos, i, w., modus: v. strain, 
 
 MUSIC. 
 
 melon : melo, onis ; or melQpgpo, 
 Onis, m. : I'lin. 19, 5, 2} ^ 67 (melope- 
 ponas, ace. pi.) : I'all. (Cucumis Melo, 
 Linn.) 
 
 melt: A. Trans.: I. Lit: 
 1, liquefacio, feci, tactuni, j . the 
 su/n m.s vax, liquet'acit cerara sol, Plin. 
 21, 14, 49: the brazen taXilets if the law 
 were m.'d, legiim aera liqiiefacta sunt, 
 Cic. Cat. J, 8, 19; Virg. 2. liquo, i 
 (later) to m. javelin.':, pila 1., Lucan 7, 
 159: riiii. 3. conliu, I (esp to mdt 
 
 together, m. dmvn into a mass) : to m. 
 (ieveral ingredients) in an earthen pot, 
 in tlctiti c, Plin. }j, 9, 46 to m. silver 
 
 (money) into a lump, argentum c. Sen. 
 Q. N. 2, 12: v. foil, art, 4. solvo, 
 
 dissolvo, }: v. to dissolve. ||. To 
 move to pity: Phr.: to lie m.'d u-iUi 
 pity fur any one, miserlcordia alicujus 
 frangi, Cic. Alt. -j, 12, med. ■ in strictly 
 pass, sense, ad fieiuni misericoidianique 
 (de)duci, Id. de Or. 2, 4;. 189 ; al-o, ad- 
 duci, ib. 5 190 : to m. the bench In com- 
 passion, judices commovere atque ad 
 misericordiam excitare, cf. ib. $ 189: to 
 t>e m.'d to tears at the cruet death of 
 some one, lacrimas in misera niorte ali- 
 cujus non tenere, id. Verr. ;, 67, 172 : to 
 m. {i>eople) to tears, movere lacrimas, 
 yuint. 4, 2, 77. B. I n trans. : |, 
 Lit.: 1, liquesco, llcui, j : slush of 
 m.ing snow, tabes liquesa^ntLs nlvis, Liv. 
 21, j6: Virg.: Plin. 2. llqugflo, 
 
 lactus, figri (comp. supr. A. J.): cf. Cic. 
 N. U. 2, 10, 26, where occurs the full 
 expr., (nix) se, admixto calore liquefacta 
 etdilapsadiffundil: Ov. 3. tabesco, 
 bui, J (to waste anay by melting ; melt 
 away): cf. Ov. A. A. 2, 85 and 89; 
 where liquesclt denotes the actual melt- 
 ing of the wax; tabuerant, ils having 
 reacted away : cf. Cic. N.^ I ). 2, 10, 26, 
 humor [coiiglaciatus] moUitur tepefac- 
 tus et tabescit calore, i. e. softens and 
 m.s anay. 4. lentesco. 5 (so as to 
 form a clammy, sticky substance) : I'ae. 
 G. 45, fin. (of amber). 5. solvo, vi, 
 utum, } (as pass. rejl. : i>oet.) : keen 
 ivinter m.s auay, solviiur acris hiems, 
 Hor. Od. I, 4. I : m.'d snow, solutae 
 nives, Ov. Am. j. 6, 94. ||. Fig.: 
 
 Phr.: to m. with pity, misericordia 
 frangi, etc. : v. .<;»pr. (A., II.). |||. Of 
 colours, to pass insensibly into each 
 other: perh. dilui atque evanescere; in 
 alium colorem deficere : cf. I'lin. 57, 9, 
 40 and 41. 
 
 melt away : 1. tabesco, ? : v. to 
 MELT (B, 1, 3). 2. dlliibor, psus, j : 
 when the snoiv has m.'d awai/, ubi nix 
 dilapsa est, Liv. 21, 56, med : cf to mei.t 
 (B, I, 2). 3. dIfRuo, xi, xum, j (in 
 gen. sense) : mountains m. away, Juga 
 montium d., Sen. Ep. 91, med. : Lucr. 
 
 down : conflo, i (trans.) : to 
 
 m. down statues, simulacra c. Suet. Ner. 
 }2 : V. TO MKI.T (A. J, 3). 
 
 melting (*«''«•)■■ |. Lit. : _ 1. 
 
 llquatio (V. rare) : Vopist. 2. flatura 
 (by blast furnace) : Plin. 7, 56, 51 } 197 
 (dl. coiiflatura) . Vitr. Usu. better expr. 
 by verb : e. g. the art of m. and duly 
 mixing copper, *aeris conflandi ac tem- 
 perandi ars : after the m. if the siunvs, 
 dilapsis nivibus, etc.: v. to mki.t. ||. 
 Fig.: the m. of colours into each other, 
 harmoge (artistic t. t.); commissurae 
 colorura et trausitus, Plin. jj, 5, 11. (R. 
 and A.) 
 
 melting (culj-) •• sometimes, flebilis 
 (piteous, plaintive ■ q. v.) : cl. Hor. Od. 
 2, 9, 9, f. modi : Ov. Phr.: m. eyes 
 (nith desire), pulres oculi, Hor, Od. i, 
 36. fm. 
 
 meltingly: flebiliter (plaintively): 
 Hor, ()d. 4, 12, ;. 
 
 melting-pot: fictile, is, n.: Plin. 
 JJ> 9. 4t' 
 
 member : I. of the body : mem- 
 brum: Liv. 2, J2, med.: Cic. See also 
 i.iMu, joint. II. (if a sentence: in- 
 
 cisum (a clause, Gr. Koji/xa), menibnim 
 (an integral part of a period, Gr. kiZ- 
 Aof) : Cic. Or. 62, li'n. Instead of inci- 
 sum, incisio oft. dcturs: e. </. Cic. Or. 64, 
 216, in incision ibus et in niembris. |||. 
 Of a societi/, corporation, etc. : 1. 
 sodiilis, is (the legal tenn to denote a m. 
 of a collegium or guild): (>ai. Dig. 47, 
 22: to be elected m. of the lioyal Insti- 
 tute of France, s. iiisiituli regii Francici 
 cooptari, Wyltenb. in Kr. 2. socius: 
 usti. term lo denote a m. of a learned 
 society : Ruliiik. in Kr. 3. more 
 
 freq. not expr. bj' a single word : m. of 
 the senate, senator; of a famili/, gen- 
 tilis: among the m.s of his oiiii body 
 (the patrician onler), inter corporis sui 
 homines, Liv. 6, J4: a guild of smiths, 
 of not mm-e than 150 m.s, fabrorum col- 
 legium, duntaxat hominum CL., Plin. 
 Ep. 10, J5 (42) : to be enrolled as m.s of 
 
 the Acliaean league, in Achaicum conci- 
 lium coutribui, Liv. 42, !7. txtr. .- to he 
 a m. of tiio different collegia, in duobus 
 collegiis esse. Marc. Uig. 4';, 22, 1^2: 
 tliree m.s are sujhcient to form a cilU- 
 giuin, tres faciunt collegium, L>ig. 50, 
 16, 85- 
 
 membership : Phr.: to be admitted 
 to m., sodali'in s. socium ascribi, coop- 
 tari, etc. ; v. preced. art. 
 
 membrane : membrana : very thin 
 m.s, teiiui>.^miae in., Cic. N. D. 2. 57, 
 init. : Cels. Dimin. niembranula (a 
 fine, thin m.) : Cels. (May l>.- useil 
 also of vegetable ms, cf. Plin. 19, 6, 14 
 Oin.) 
 
 membranaceous ■ membrauaceus 
 (like a tliin skin) : Plin. 10, 61, 81. 
 
 memento : monumemum : V. HR- 
 
 MORIAL. 
 
 memoir ; commentarius, esp. pi. 
 (strictly, notes for history) : mj of 
 Socrates (the .Menun-ahilia), c. diciorum 
 atque factorum Socratis, Gcll. 14, j, 
 med. : cf. title of Caesar's works. Some- 
 times = 6u)j;ra/)/t^ ; V. LIFE (HI. I. 
 
 memorable : 1. mSmOrubilis, e 
 
 (deserving to ^e remembered) : Ihr most 
 m. of nars, helium maxiine <iiunium 
 memorabile, Liv. 21, init. : that ni. year, 
 ille m. anim.s, Cic. L^. i, }, 8 : lac. 
 
 2. mgmorifl dignus: Nep. Epam. 1. 
 
 3, memdraiidus: a spotm.joi the 
 slaughter of the jco Spartans, locus iie- 
 centorum Laconum caede m., Flor. 2, 
 8, med. : PI. 4. nobilis, e (famous) .- 
 this is the m. battle of Trasimene. Iiaec 
 est n. ad I'rasinienum pugna, Liv. 22, 7, 
 init. 5. insigiiis, e: v. rkmarkabi.k. 
 
 memorandum: Phr.: to nuike a 
 
 m of anything, >x\iqun\ in commentarios 
 referre, TraJ. in Plin. 10, 95 (96) : also, 
 enotare, ib. 6, 16, 10: a m.-tiook, liber 
 memorialis. Suet. Caes. 56, med. 
 
 memorial (subs.): |. Means of 
 rem'mbtriiig : mOnumentuni : there are 
 many m.s oj your clemency, mulla sunt 
 tuae clenientiae m., Cic. Deioi. 15, 40: 
 Liv. II, A document: llbellus: t. 
 petition. 
 
 memorial (adj.): Phr : a m. haU, 
 
 *atiium alicujus rei memoriae causa 
 
 aediticatum ; quod pro monuniento erii, 
 
 memorialist: *qui nomen suum 
 
 lilx'Uo adscripsit. 
 
 memorialize : P h r. : (o m the go- 
 vernment, *iid eos qui rempubllcam 
 tenent libellum suppUcem mittere. 
 
 memory; I. The faculty: mgm- 
 oria : to have a good m., esse m. bona, 
 , Cic. Alt. 8, 4, nifd.; tirma. Quint, n. 2, 
 j 18 : so good a m., tanta m., Cic. Br. 88, 
 joi : m., most relentive (in youth), m. 
 tenacissima, t^uint. 11, i, 19 : slou; jail- 
 ing m., m. segnis et lenta. Sen. Ep. -4, 
 init. : natural and artifcial m., m. na- 
 turalis, artificiosa, Auct. Her. }, 16, 28. 
 to exercise the m., m. exercere, Cic. Sen. 
 6, extr. : to impess anything upon Uie m., 
 aliquid memoriae niandare, Cic. Quint. 
 6, 2; (quaeso ut eum dleni memoriae 
 mandetis, i. e. make an effort to rememf 
 ber it : to commit to m., is edisco : v. TO 
 learn L, 1, 2) : to retain in the m., 
 I aliquid memoria tenere, Cic. Sen. 4,/n. r 
 ' also, memoria complecti, id. Div. 2, 71, 
 ' 146; custodire, id. de Or. i, 28, 127: 
 m. fails one, memoriii deficitur(aliquis). 
 Col. 7, 9, ad fin. : so, niemorift fall!, 
 Plin. 10. 42, 59": cf. Cic. Att. 12. i, me- 
 ' moriola vacillare (to find ime's m. giving 
 nay) ■ to slate from m., ex m. exponere. 
 id. Cat. !, 6. I?. I'hr. : o liar nuyht to 
 have a good m.. mendacem menion-m 
 esse opi.rtet, I'rov in Quint. 4, 2, 91 . to 
 recite from m., memoriter pronuiitiare, 
 ! Cic. de Or. i, i9,./i». ■ ^0 fx effacrd from 
 I the m., ex aninio eEButre. ib. 2, 74- Joo 
 (v. TO FORGKT). II. Hemembrance : 
 
 j 1. mgmoria to wipe out all m of 
 discord, onmem m. discordiarnm delere. 
 Cic. I'h. I, init. : to recal the m. of chilii- 
 hood, pueriilae m. recordarl, id. Arch. 
 init.: v. bemembrasce. 2. '■gc»"'datio 
 (act of calling to mind) : v. recolleo 
 TR>N. Ill, Tlie time that can be re- 
 membered: mgmoria: in the m. of our 
 fathers, memoria pairum nostrorum, 
 4^)
 
 MEN -PLEASER 
 
 MERCHANT 
 
 M ERCY 
 
 Caes. B. G. i, 1 1 ^ nevei- in Ihf m. of man, 
 (nunquam) post hominiiiii m., Cic. Oat. 
 •• 7> '^- IV. J''^K^»'Ption J'i(rm oblivion ; 
 Phr. : to consign to m., niruioriae tra- 
 ders, prodere : v. to bkcokd. 
 
 men-pleaser : Phr,: Kot as m.s, 
 
 non quasi homiaibus placentes, Vulg. 
 Eph. vi. 6. 
 
 menace (i"-) •• minor, mtnitor, i ; v. 
 TO THKKATEN. See also to impend. 
 
 menace (subs.) .- l, minae, arum : 
 Cic- Tac. Fig.: m. of the sku {threat- 
 ening phaenomena). eoelestes m., Tac. H. 
 I, i8. 2. minatio: Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 
 288. 3. terrlcula, oruin (aci.s_^Me(ito 
 intimidate): ct. Li v. 54, 11, nuUis minis, 
 nullis terriculis moveri Alt. in Non. 
 Phr. : to indulge in m., minor, niinitor 
 (v. TO threaten) : to oixrowe with m.s, 
 minaciter terrere, Cic. de Or. i. 20, 90. 
 
 menacing (adj.) .- l. mlnax, acis : 
 Join; minax et arrogans, Cic. Font. 12, 
 26. Fig. : a m. night, no.\ m. [et in 
 scelus eruptura], Tac. A. i, 28. Comp. 
 preced. art. (1). 2. minitabundus 
 
 (only of persons) : Liv. 3. perh. tru.\, 
 trticis (of fierce, angry mien : chiefly 
 poet.): of. Lucan, 7, 291, facies truces, 
 oculosque minaces: also, Quint. 11, i, j, 
 trux atque violentum dicendi genus : 
 
 T. FIEKCE. 
 
 menacingly: 1. minaciter: Cic 
 de Or. I, 20, 90. 2. minanter ; Ov. 
 3. expr. by minitabundus, minitans: 
 cf. L. G. $ 54}. 
 
 menagerie ; *ferae claustris custo- 
 ditae. (Vivarium ^preserce.) 
 
 mend: A. Trans.: I. Lit.: 1. 
 garcio, si, turn. 4 : to m. old ropes, 
 baskets, etc. ; veteres funes, corbulas, 
 etc. s., Cato : to m. broken crystal, Irag- 
 menta crystallina s., Plin. J7, 2, 10: Col. 
 Also conip. resarcio, 4 (to m. or make 
 good again), Ter. Ad. i, 2, 41 (r. vestem). 
 2. rgconcinno, i (to set right again : 
 rare) : PL Men. 2, j, 78 . Cic. : v. to re- 
 PAiR. Phr.: to m. one's pace, addere 
 gradum, PI. Trin. 4, j, i : Liv. ||. 
 Fig.: emendo, corrigo, etc.- v. to 
 AMEND, improve. B. Intrans. : 
 
 I, To improve in health: melior fio, 
 convalesco: v to recover. Phr.: / 
 am m.ing a little, meliuscule est niihi, 
 Cic. Fani. 16, 5 : mitil the patient begins 
 to m., donee morbus decrescere incipiat. 
 Gels. J, 20 : he began slonly to m., 
 Gensim tolo corpore salubritas percipi 
 (incipiebat), Curt, j, 7, ad fin. ||. In 
 gen. sense : PUr, : (things) seem likely 
 to m., posse videntur esse meliora quam 
 c t'uerunt, Cic. Att. 14, 15 : cf. ib. 
 infr., incipii res melius ire quam 
 puiurani • v. to improve. 
 
 mendacious : mendax ; v. lying 
 (adj.). 
 
 mendacity ; mendacium : made up 
 of dishonesty and m., tutus ex traude et 
 mendacio faclus, i;ic. Clu. 26, /in.: esp. 
 pi. (cf. L. G. } 591) : farewell to the m. 
 of seers, valeant m. vatum, v. F. 6, 2 5 ? . 
 (Mendacitas late and unclass.) See also 
 
 FALSEHOOD. 
 
 mendicancy : v. mendicity. 
 
 mendicant (subs.) .- mendicus,/. -a : 
 
 T. BEGGAR. 
 
 mendicant (adj.): Phr.: am. 
 /n'ar, monachus ex ordinemeiidicantium 
 (Kr.) ; the m. order of Franciscans, 
 *Franciscanorum mendicantium ordo. 
 
 mendicity : mendicltas : Cic. : V. 
 
 BEGGARY. 
 
 menial (adj.) : 1. servilis, e : v. 
 SERVILE. 2. sordidiis : opp. to libe- 
 ralis (quaestus, qui liberates, qui sor- 
 didi). Cic. Off i, 42, "ii<. Join: hu- 
 milis et sordida [cura], Plin. Ep. i, j, j : 
 
 ▼. MEAN, LOW. 
 
 menial (subs.) : perh. mediastlnus 
 (a low order of slave): Hor. Kp. i, 14, 
 14: Cic. : V. SLAVE. 
 
 menology ; *men616gium : Fabric. 
 
 menstrual * 1. menstruus: Plin. 
 
 menstruous < As subs, menstrua, 
 orum (= mftnthly courses) : Cels. 6, 6, 
 ^8 : Plin. : called also menses, ium . 
 Plin. 21, 21, 89. 2. menstrualis, e 
 (^menstruating) : Plin. 19, 10, 57. 
 
 mensuration ; metiendi ars s. ratio : 
 470 
 
 V. TO MEAsnRE. See also land-mea- 
 suring. (Perh. mensuratio, as t. t.: cf. 
 Auct. de Limit. Goes. p. 264.) 
 
 mental: gen. of ingenium, mens, 
 animus: cf. Sail. Jug. 2. Also, ingenium 
 alone may denote the entiie m. powers : 
 ib. /in. : and cd. 4, init.: v. mind. 
 
 mentally : mente, animo, cogita- 
 tione : V. MIND. 
 
 mention ("•) •• 1. mgmOro, com- 
 memOro, i : v. to relate. 2. expr. 
 by mentio and a verb: esp. mentionem 
 facere, PI. Most. ?, 2, 126: Cic. Verr. 2, 
 2, J9, init. : foil, by ace. and inf., as in 
 preceding exx.; by pen. (m. facere ali- 
 cujus rei), Cic. R. Am. 2, 5 ; or by abl. 
 with de (de aliquo m. facere), id. Leg. 
 J, 6,fn.. if such and such a subject be 
 m.'d (in conversation), m. si qua de . . . . 
 injecU fuerit, Hor. S. i, 4, 94: to be ied 
 incidentally to m. something, casu in 
 alicujus rei m. incidere, Cic. Div. Verr. 
 15, extr. 3. memini, defect, perf. 
 
 (rare and not in Cic. : for in Ph. 2, j6, 
 91, the verb has its ordinary sense : 
 with gen.) : this conspiracy is m.'d 
 by...., meminerunt hujus conjura- 
 lionis ..... Suet. Caes. 9 : Quint. 4. 
 injicio or Jacio, jeci, j (to throw out 
 a remark) : he m.s anumg other matters, 
 inter alias res Jacit, Sail. Jug. 11, med. : 
 to m. a subject to any one, alicui de 
 aliqua re injicere, Cic. Att. 16, 5, J. 
 5. nomino, i (to m. by name) : 
 esp. in phr., honoris causa nominare, to 
 m. any one's name by way of respect, 
 with cill honour s Cic. R. Am. 2, 6. 6. 
 dice, xi, ctum, i (to speak of) : v. to 
 SPEAK. Phr.: not to TO., omitlere, Nep. 
 Han. 2 (nam ut omittam Philippum, to 
 omit all mention of I'hilip) ; praeter- 
 mittere (to pass by without stopping to 
 mention; whereas, omitto is to leave 
 out) ; V, to omit, pass over. 
 
 mention (subs.) .- 1. mentio ^ V. 
 to mention (2). 2. commemoratio 
 (implying more than mentio: recital, 
 recoimting) : Ter. • Cic. 3. expr. by 
 
 verb : m. being made quum in- 
 
 jectum esset (= mentione facta) : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 mentor : dux, auctor : v. guide. 
 
 mephitic : mephlticus : Sid. (cf. sae- 
 vam exhalare mephicim, Virg. Aen. 7, 
 84). See also fetid. 
 
 mercantile: expr. by mercatura, 
 commercium : to be engaged in m. 
 tra7isactimis, mercaturas facere, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 28, 72: to be a barrier to m. 
 intercourse, conimercia probibere. Sail. 
 Jug. 18, ad init. : a m. people, *com- 
 merciis (mercaturae) dedita gens. See 
 also merchant. (Mercatorius only in 
 PI.) 
 
 mercenarily : pretio atque mercede : 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 20, init. : pecuniae (pretii, 
 mercedis) causa, id. Q. Fr. 1, i, 5. 
 
 mercenary (adj.) .- l. mercenarius : 
 m. ^vitnesses, in. testes, Cic. Fam. j, n, 
 med. : opp. togratuiius, id. Leg. 1, 18, 48 
 (m. liberalitas). 2. conductus (hired, 
 paid for) . Cic. Leg. 1. c. Also conduc- 
 ticius : v. foil. art. 3. venalis, e 
 (offered for sale or hire) : v. venal. 
 
 mercenary (subs.) : i. conductus 
 
 miles : jooo Grecian m.s, ex Graecia 
 conductorum tria millia, Nep. Dat. 8 : 
 so, Graeci pedites mercede conducti. 
 Curt. }, 9, init. Also, conducticius exer- 
 citus, mercenaries (collectively), Nep. 
 Iph. 2. 2. mercenarius miles : Liv. 
 24, 49, extr. : in pi. perh. mercenarii 
 (without SMbs.): Freinsh. Curt. 2, 5 . cf. 
 Liv. }o, 8, fin., mercenariis armis op- 
 pugnare. (N.B. — In good authors, mer- 
 cenarius, without subs. = a hired ser- 
 vant : opp. to an actual slave.) 
 
 mercer: perh. linteo v. DRAPER. 
 
 merchandize : I. Objects of trade : 
 1, iiierx, rcis,/, (any commodity on 
 sale) : I'l. : Cic. : v. wares. To be an 
 article of m., in merce esse, Plin. 12, 2;, 
 54, 5 1 18. 2. fss venales : Sail. Jug. 
 47 (forum rerum v.). 3. mercatura 
 (strictly trade : rare in present sense) 
 PI. Trin. 2, 2, 5;. ||. Trade itself: 
 mercatura : v. commerce, trade. 
 
 merchant (subs.): 1, mercator 
 
 (a dealer on a large scale) : to buy af 
 m.s in order to sell again, mercari a 
 mercatoribus quod statim vetidas, Cic; 
 Off. I, 42, 150 Caes. 2, negotiator 
 (strictly a money-lender or banker irt 
 the provinces : in later writers, a dealer) : 
 a corn to., m. frumentarius, Paul. Dig. 
 50, 5,9. The calling of a m., mercatura. 
 Cic. Off. I, 42, 151. 
 
 merchant-ship: navis mercatona: 
 PI. Bac. 2, J, 2 ; n. oneraria (ship of 
 burden, transport : not a ship of viar) ; 
 Caes. pass. 
 
 merchantable : venaiis, e . v. sale- 
 able. 
 
 merchantman ■ '*'■ merchant-ship. 
 
 merciful : 1. misgrlcors, rdis (piti- 
 ful, comjHissionate) : let them be m. n ith 
 embezzlers of the treasury, sint m. in 
 furibus aerarii. Sail. Cat. 52, m«d. : but 
 the usu. cunstr. is, m. in aliquem (towards 
 any one), Cic. Lig. 5, 15 : blessed are the 
 m., beati m., Vulg. Matt. v. 7. 2. Cle- 
 mens, ntis (jmild and clement ; not given 
 to vengeance or indulgence of angry 
 passion) : I desire to be to. (act with 
 mildness, without severity), cupio me 
 esse c, Cic. Cat. 1,2,4. Join. Clemens 
 [judex] et misericors, Cic. PI. 15, init. 
 See also GENTLE. 3, mitis, e (mi/tj): 
 a most TO. and gentle man, homo mitis- 
 simus et lenissimus, Cic. Cat. 4, S,fin. : 
 m. to the penitent, m. poenltentiae (= lis 
 quos poenitebat), Tac. Agr. 16. Join : 
 mitis et misericors [animus], Cic. Inv. 
 2, 55, init. 4. exorabilis, e (open to 
 prayers, that may be intreated) : Tac. 
 Agr. 16 : Sen. (longe in suis quam in 
 alienis exorabilior injuriis). 
 
 mercifully : 1. clementer (for 
 syn. V. merciful): Cic. Verr. 5, 8, 19 
 (ies. 2. misgrlcorditer (late and rare): 
 Lact. 6, 18, ad init. : Quadrig./r. Phr. 
 to behave m. towards any one, miseri 
 cordem esse, se praebere, in aliquem 
 
 V. MERCIFUL. 
 
 mercifulness ; misgricordia : t 
 
 MERCY. 
 
 merciless : 1. immlsericors, rais 
 (for syn. v. merciful): Cic. Join: 
 immisencors atque inexorabilis, GelL 
 2. immitis, e (poet.) : a m. tyrant, 
 im. tyrannus, Virg. 3. inclemens, 
 ntis : the to. dictator, inc. dictator, Liv. 
 9, i2, med. 4. crudelis, durus, ferreus, 
 inhumanus : v. cruel, unfeeling. 5. 
 imporiiinus; opp. to Clemens, Cic. Rep 
 I, jj. Join- "rudelis-simus atque im- 
 portunissimus [tyrannus], Liv. 29, 17, 
 extr. (N.B. — Immisericors, immitis, in- 
 clemens, inexorabilis, strictly denote the 
 quality as negative, void of mercy or 
 geiitleness : the foil, words, as positive 
 cruel and hard-hearted.) 
 
 mercilessly : 1. immlsgriccrditer 
 
 (rare) : Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 29 (duriter im.que). 
 
 2. crudeliter, duriter: v. cruelly. 
 
 mercilessness : 1. inclementia.: 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 602. 2. more ade- 
 
 quately, crudelitas, inhumanitasque : 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 44, 115. 
 
 mercurial : i- e. excitable andfckle .• 
 perh. mobilis, e : v. fickle. 
 
 Mercury : I. ^'Ae deity : Mer- 
 curius : Hor. : Cic. ||, 'J'he planet : 
 Stella Mercurii, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 5} : poet. 
 Cylletiius ignis, Virg. G. I, }}•). |||, 
 The metal : argentum vivum : Plin. a, 
 
 6, n- (Hydrarfiyrum, i, n., Pharmacop. : 
 which in Pliny denotes a totally different 
 substance: jj, 8, 41.) 
 
 mercy t 1. uus&TicoTdia.(pitiful- 
 ness, compassion) : fear leaves no room 
 for TO., timor m. non recipit, Caes. B. G 
 
 7, 26 : to recal men's minds to clemency 
 and TO., mfiitcs hominum ad leniiatem 
 m.que revocare, Cic. de Or. i, 12. 5i. 
 
 2. dementia (mildness) : Join: 
 dementia mansuetudoque, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 44, 115 ; lenitas, etc., id. Att. 14, 19, med. 
 See also clemency. 3. mansuetiido 
 (gentleness) : esp. with another word, of. 
 supr. (2): (jaes. 4. venia (indulgence, 
 grace) : a fault for wh ich no m. will 
 be shown, cui peccato nulla v., Cic. Agr. 
 2,2,5: v. forgiveness. Phr.: to show 
 m. to, ignoscere, with dat. (v. to fob- 
 give) : to be at the m. of anotlier.
 
 M E R C Y - S E A T 
 
 M ESS 
 
 METEOR 
 
 obnoxturo esse, Sail. Cat. 20, med.: so, 
 at the m. of every freak of furtam^, 
 fortunac obnoxluj, lac. A. 2, "75. " 0'"!l 
 on«'« life i$ at thf m. oj another, alicujiis 
 vita III alTtrjus manu posita est. Cic. 
 yuiiil. 2, 6 so, allcujus iii dilioue ac 
 potestaif, Cic. I. c. 
 mercy-seat; propitlatorium: Vulg. 
 
 Heb. IX. 5. 
 
 mere t,-''"''s.) : l&cus, lacuna, v. i.akk. 
 
 mere (<k<7 ) ■ i- e. ""*' <""^ I'othivg 
 more : 1. rafirus (somewhat rare In 
 tbi.s sense) . m. exiKctation {nothing 
 given at presi^nl). nihil nisi spes nura, 
 Ter. Ph. i, 2, 9<)- Apul. 2. <-.\pr. by 
 Ipse by the in. fad oJ its presence, hoc 
 Ipsip quod aile>t (sc. inju.stiiia). Cic. Kin. 
 I, i6. 50 so, de Or. 2, 6, 24, hoc Ipsum 
 nihil aRi-re et pl.ine ce>sar-' deleciut (I. e. 
 mere doing noihinu) they died of m. 
 excess of joy, 'ipso gaudio iinniodico 
 vita exces»-rnnt. 3. unus, soUis: l>y 
 his m. advance and appromh (without 
 a blow being ftriicL-), uno aditu adven- 
 tuque, Cic. Man. 8, 21: v. ai.onb, only. 
 4. expr. by inhil nisi (cf. siipr. 1). 
 V. ONLY. P h r. : in m. wantonness, 
 ultro: cf. Ter. Kun. 5. 2, 21, eliam 
 ultro derisnm advenit (lit. over and 
 above, beyond what was necessary). 
 
 merely : tanlunim6do, solunimSdo, 
 etc. : V. iiNi.Y. 
 
 meretricious : I. Pertaining to 
 eourtrsavs : mgrclricius : PI. : Cic. 
 (N.B. — Not usfd in fig. sense.) ||. 
 Fig.: alluring by false sliow, gaudy : 
 Ph r. : VI. attractums, illccebrae, e. g. vol- 
 uptatis: cf. Cic. Sext. 66, Ij8 : viliorum 
 illecebris et cuplditatiim lenociniis : m. 
 ornament (in style), lenocinia, orum ; 
 cf. Quint. 8, prooein. ^ 26. non orna- 
 menta sed lenocinia : sometimes, in this 
 last use, fucaius may serve : cl. Cell. 
 1}, 26, versus Homeri simplicior et sin- 
 cerior, Virgilii autem quodani qua,si 
 ferrumine inimlsso /ucafior : cf. Cic. Or. 
 2}, 19, iuciiti mcdicamenta candoris et 
 mboris (but fucatus applies to .what- 
 ever is artificial). 
 
 meretriciously : iliece))rose (en- 
 
 ticinyly : rare) ; Cl. P h r. : to adorn 
 speech in. (orationem) fucare atque prae- 
 linere. Cell. 7, 14, extr. : a stiile m. 
 adorned, *oratio lenociniis quibusdam 
 verbonim ac figurarum fucata; oratio 
 parum ca-ta fucatoque nitore insignis. 
 
 meretriciousness : of style, leno- 
 cinia, orum V. MERETRICIOUS (iV.). 
 
 merge : i- e- '" abson-b, swalhiw up : 
 conlundo, fudi, sum, ; : the tno peoples 
 were m.d in one, duo populi in iniura 
 conlusl sunt, Liv. i, 2J: v. to jiix, 
 BLEND. Phr : the new guild n-as m.d 
 in the old, *novum in vetus collegium 
 coiitriliuium est, cf. Liv. 42, ll.Jm. 
 
 meridian (fub«.).- I. -^ dicie so 
 
 coiled: uigiidianus circulus: Sen. N. Q. 
 5, 17, } ; or tor brevity's sake, simply 
 •meridianus (in Veil. 2, 126, quidquld 
 meridiano aut septentrione finitur = 
 meridie, the South). ||. The point 
 reached by the sun at mid-dai/ : perb. 
 •fastigiura nieridianum. Or as before, 
 circulus meridianus, because the sun is 
 highest when he passes through that 
 circle. In tig. sense, fastigium summum : 
 
 T. EMINENCE (U.). 
 
 meridian (a<'j) ■ meridiaims : cf. 
 preced. art 
 
 meridional : v. sorrHERs. 
 
 merit (*"''■'•) •■ 1. meritum : Caes. : 
 Cic; v. UF-sKRT 2. lans, dis,/ .• esp. 
 in certain phrr. : it is looked upm as m., 
 Uudi ducitur, Cic Tusc i, 2, 4 : to extol 
 anyone's 111.S to the sicies, alicvijus laudes 
 in astra tollero id. Att. 2, 2;. 3. 
 virtus, tiitis, /. (excellence, n orth) : the 
 TO. of the aitor, actiiris v., Ter. I'h. prol. 
 extr : you should hare recfiied the dress- 
 ing your 7)1. entitles you to, ornaius esses 
 ex luis v.. Id. Ad 2, i, 22. Pbr. . to 
 make a thing knonn according to its 
 real m.s, allquld ex vero celebrare. Sail. 
 Cat. 8, init. r the actual m.s of a case, 
 Tera causa, Cic. Man. 17, 5}. 
 
 merit (."■) ■■ mereor, demfreor, etc. : 
 
 ▼, TO DKSEBVE, EARN. 
 
 merited (ix""' <><*?■)•■ 1. meritns: 
 
 Cic- Liv. Join- merita ac debita 
 [iracuiidia], Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 2oj. 2. 
 debitur,- Join: justa el debita [poena]. 
 Id. Mil. ;i, 85: cf. siipr. 3. digitus 
 (titling tlie caie : adequate as wtll ax 
 desereed) . cl. Virg. Aeii. 1, 6co and lx>y, 
 giates persulvere digiias; praemia digiia 
 ferre. 
 
 meritorious: laudedignus. praemio 
 ditfiius: V I'KAiSEWORTHV. I'hr. : to 
 regaid as vt., laudi ducere v. merit (2). 
 
 meritoriously : bene, optime v. 
 
 w KLi, (adv.). P h r. to have acted very 
 m., *sumnia laude diRniini esse; sum- 
 mam laudem meritum esse ; v. to 
 
 DEiERVK. 
 
 merle : meriila : Cic. 
 
 mermaid: nympha marina (any 
 sea-nymph) : more precisely, *mariiia 
 (marls incoia) nympha ciyus in pisccm 
 corpus desinit : cf. Hor. A P. init. 
 
 merman : 'maris incoia >emivir 
 cujus in i>iscem, etc. : v. preced. an. 
 
 merrily: 1. biiare (cheerfully): 
 Cic. 2. festive: cl. I'l. Ps. 5, i, 9, in 
 loco fesiivo sumuK festive accepii (mer- 
 rily, jovially entertained). See also 
 
 JOVFDLLV . 
 
 merry: 1. Wliris or hilams: V. 
 CHEEKFiL. 2, lestivus (befitting a 
 
 Ituliday : gay, jovial) ; a m. trick, fa- 
 cinus [lepidum et] f, PI. Poen. 1, 2, 98: 
 such 7(1. games, tam f. ludi, id. Cas. 4, 
 
 I, 2. 3. festus- v. GAY. Phr.; to 
 make m,. with any one. satis jocose all- 
 iiuem ludere, Cic. y. Fr 2, 12: cf. in 
 tacieni multa jocatus, Hor. S. i, 5, 62 : 
 
 V. TO JOKE. 
 
 merry-andrew : 1. perb. sannio : 
 cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 61, ftn. 2. ludius 
 (pantomimist) : common m.s from the 
 I ircus, 1. triviales ex Circo, Suet Aug. 
 74: Cic. (Maccns, in IJiom. is of too 
 uncertain a sense to use: coprea is an 
 obscene jester.) 
 
 merry-making: lesUviias, festivi- 
 
 taies (v. late): Cod. Tlicod. Better 
 e.xpr. by festus: cf. Hor. Od. j, 18. 11. 
 festus ill prato vacat.. pagus, i. e. gives 
 itself up to m. : to devote a day In m., 
 diem festum habere, Nep. Timul. 5 : cf. 
 laetitias fesias excrcere, Arnob. in For- 
 cell. See also pleasure. 
 
 merry -thought: *<» furciilatum 
 
 sterni galliiiacei. 
 
 meseems : videor: v. methink.s. 
 
 mesenteric: *niesent6iicus : Med. 
 t.t. (Ivr.). 
 
 mesentery : *mesenterium : Med. 
 t. t. (Kr.). 
 
 mesh : I. ''''« interstice of a net : 
 macula : a net with large or small m.s, 
 reie grandibiis, minutis m., Varr. K. K. }, 
 
 II, med.: Cic: Plin. ||, The net 
 itself: plaga: cf. Hor. Od. i, i, 28, 
 riipit pUgas, has burst the m.s of the 
 huiilers : v. net. 
 
 meshy : maculis distiuctum Qrete] : 
 Ov H. 5, 19. 
 mesmerise: perb. sopio, 4: v. to 
 
 LULL. 
 
 mess (.subs.) : I. Portion of food : 
 1, pars s. portio cibi : cf. Vulg. Gen. 
 xliii. 54. 2. demensum (a slaves 
 
 ilaily allowance) : Ter. Ph. i, 1,9. For 
 horses, cattle, tarrago : v. mash. ||, 
 
 Officers who occupy the same table : perh. 
 s6dales (in gen., those who sit and feast 
 together), or contubemales (strictly, sol- 
 diers or officers occupying one tent : v. 
 Diet. Ant. p. 556); or, *qui coniubernio 
 consociati sunt (contubemium=i/i« con- 
 dition of those who occupy erne tent). 
 III. State of Joulness and dirt : 
 squalor": v. DIRT. |V. Confusion, 
 
 iml/roglio: turba: how am I tu get out 
 of this m., quoniodo me ex bac expe- 
 diam turba.> I'er. Ad. 4,4,6: so, nullo 
 possum remedio me evolvere ex his 
 lUibis, id. Ph. 5, 4, 5 : a pretty m. I 
 have made of it, quantas t. concivi I id. 
 Heaut. 5, 2, 17. i'hr.; see what a m. 
 you have got me into, vlden' me consiliis 
 luis miserum impeditum esse, id. Aiidr. 
 }, 5, II to get into a m. (stick fast) in 
 .'peaking, haerere in salebra, Cic. Fin. 5, 
 28. 84. 
 
 mess ('••) •■ I- e. to partaJie at a 
 
 common table : contubi-rnio uti (?) v. 
 
 Mt.s4(ll.) 
 
 message: 1. nuntius (usn. bat 
 
 iioi auvay.s including tidings, nexrs) ; 
 a m. cimvei/ed by amljatiadi/rt, legatorum 
 n., Cic Faiu. 12, 24 also suinelimrs 
 nuniium nova nuiiiia reierre. Cat 6j, 
 75 to send a letter or in. to ivforiii any 
 one...., per litieras aut per nuniium 
 facere aliquem certiorein, Cic. Att 11, 
 25, J (wher^ niiiilius is strictly the bearer 
 of the message) v messe.sukr. 2. 
 
 mandatuni (ci/mmission, direction ; how- 
 ever conveyed): tu convey su/ch a m. to 
 any one, niaiidat^i ail aliquem perlVrre, 
 Cic. Att. 7. 14 .See als<> tidin<;.s, news. 
 
 meSSeiLger: 1. nuntius,/. -a : to 
 send letters and m.s to any one, lltteras 
 iiuntiosque ad aliquem mlttere. Cues. 
 B. G. I, 26; .Mercury the m. of Jove, 
 Mercurius 11. J.,vis. PI. Stich. 2. 2, 1. 
 Prat-nuntius. m. to tell of any one's ap- 
 procuh : V. harbinger.' 2. tabella- 
 rius (letter-carrier) : a trusty m. (for 
 taking letters), fidelis t, Cic. Atu 1 
 U, I. 
 
 Messiah: Messias, ae: Vulg. Job. 
 i. 41. 
 
 Messiahship : expr. b> Messias : 
 iniracl'-s to attfSt his it., *miracu!a quae 
 testareiitur ipsum Messiam esse. 
 
 messmate : sJklalis, contilbenialis : 
 
 V. MK.V. (11.). 
 
 metal (sid>s.) .- meiallum : Virj?. : 
 Hor.; Plin. Phr.: bell-m., *aes cam- 
 panariura : road m., *silex, caemenla, 
 rudera viis sternendis. 
 
 metal (ailj.) : expr. by aereus, fer- 
 rous, aureus, etc.- v. brazen, iron, etc. 
 
 metallic: metalUcus: Plin. J4, 18, 
 5J. Phr. : o m. sound, *sonus parum 
 dulcis et quasi ex aere redditus. 
 
 metalliferous: metallifer,era,eruui 
 (poet.) : Sil. : Stat. M regions, *terra« 
 in quibus aes, ferrum, ceteraque melalla 
 effodiuniur 
 
 metallurgy: *nietallurgia ; scientia 
 mt-talloium (Kr.). Usu. belter expr. by 
 circuml.: 7)1. nas introduced by l.ydus, 
 a Scythian, aes conflare et temperare 
 Lydus Scythes moiisiravit, I'Un. 7, 56, 
 57 } 197 (aes was sometimes used for 
 unnrought ore generally : Forcell. s. v.): 
 cf. id. paulo infr., auri meialli et fla- 
 turam Cadmus (invenii). 
 
 metamorphose : transformo, trans- 
 figure, 1 : v. TO transeorm. Or expr. 
 by miitot cf. Ov. Met init. 
 
 metamorphosis: expr. by trans- 
 formo, transfigi'iro, nmto: to dei-cribe 
 metamorphoses, in nova mutalas dicere 
 fonnas corpora, Ov. Met. init. : the poet 
 of the m , qui corpora transfigurat ."--lat 
 S. 2, 7, 78. (Metamorphosis, is, /., only 
 in lille (if Ovid'f poem.) 
 
 metaphor : translatio ; quod per 
 translation! ni dicitur: v. figcrk (.ill, 
 
 2); Fir.rRATfVE. 
 
 metaphorical: translatus: v. figc- 
 
 RATI\ E. 
 
 metaphorically : per transiationem 
 
 V. KK.URATn EI.Y. 
 
 i metaphysical : * mf tApbysicus : 
 Cartes. lYiiicip. pref. : Weise, pref. 
 Arist. 
 
 metaphysics : •mf taphysica, ae: m. 
 is thefrst branch of philosophy, phi\oso- 
 phlae prima pars m. est. Carles. 1. c. 
 Mctaphysica, orum. as the title of a 
 work on m. : Arist. edd. 
 
 mete: metlor, 4: v. to >iF.AsrBK. 
 To m. out, metor, i : v. to mf:asi;bk 
 OUT (i). 
 
 metempsychosis : meumpsycbosis, 
 
 is,/.; IVri. Or by circuml. niigralio 
 animanim in alia corpora (Kr.): (tht 
 l}ruids) teach tlie diytriie of m., hoc 
 volunt iMTsnadere, non interire aninios 
 sed ab aliis post mortem Iransire ad 
 alios. Caes. B. G. 6, 14: cf. Lucr. i. 117. 
 an pecudes alias divlnitas iuamuel se 
 [anima]. 
 
 meteor : 1. ''a^. <^<:'8. /• •• ^on 
 
 , debnitelv, fax coclestis, Cic. X. D. 2, 5. 
 
 i 14 also' simply faces, id. Piv. i, 4J, 97 : 
 
 ' m.s, only n.-iW< when they Jail, f. non- 
 
 nisi cum decidiint visae, Plin. 2, 26, 25 : 
 
 1-iv. 2. globus (appy. a fire-ball). 
 
 471
 
 METEORIC 
 
 MIDST 
 
 MILD 
 
 Cic. tAv. 1. c. (in coelo animadversi globi). 
 3. (?) cSmetes, ae, m. .- cf. Virg. G. 
 1.488. 
 
 meteoric: Phr. : a m. sto»!e, "lapis 
 s. globus coelo delapsus ; qui de coelo 
 decidit. 
 
 meteorological : * meteorolSgJcus ; 
 sclent, t. t. 
 
 meteorology; *mete6rol6gia: scient. 
 1. 1. (=rerum coelestium, ventoruni tem- 
 pestatumque scientia). 
 
 meter : v. metre. 
 
 , methinks : expr. by vldeor, visus, 
 7: m. / see this city sinking in one 
 conflagration, videor mihi banc urbem 
 vldere, uno incendio concidentem, Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 6, II : cf. id. Fam. 4, 4, med., \it 
 speciem aliquam viderer videre qua.si 
 revivisceiitis reipublicae : PI. (Mibi 
 videtur = it seems tu me : Gr. Soxet noi.) 
 
 method: 1. ratio: the nldSocratic 
 m., vetus et Socratica r. [contra alterius 
 opinioneni disserendi : the elenchus'], C\c. 
 Tusc. I, 4, 8 : more precisely, ratio et 
 via, id. 2. 2, extr.; via atque ratio, id. 
 Verr. Act. i, 16, 48: v. i-lan, 2. 
 
 via : a tii-ofold m. of teaching, duplex 
 V. docendi (included generally under ra- 
 tio dicendi), Cic. Or. }2. 114: esp. with 
 ratio, V. su/>r, Phr. : to arrange accord- 
 ing to m., disponere, Tac. G. jo: Suet. 
 Tib. II, ined. : thei-e was no m. about 
 him, nil erat in eo dispositum, nil ordi- 
 natum: v. jiethowcal. (N.B. — Mo- 
 thodos, Aus. Id. 11, b") =^ scientific in- 
 vestigation ; opp. to empiricism.) 
 
 methodical : ratione et via factus 
 {of things): v. foil. art. Phr.: a to. 
 life, vita disposita; vitae genus di.s- 
 tinctum, (in qua) placida omnia et ordi- 
 tiata, Plin. Ep. j, i, init. (Methodici 
 raedici = rationales ; opp. to efirrcipiKoi" 
 cf. Cels. pref. med.) 
 
 meihodically : 1. ratione et via : 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, extr. (philosophari). 2. 
 dispSsite {ifith orderly arrangement) : 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 40, extr. Join: ordinate 
 et disposite, Lact. 3. ordinate ; Auct. 
 Her. 4, $6,fm. 
 
 methodist : *methodista (qui di- 
 citur). 
 
 metonKmically : per metonymiam ; 
 verbo mutato s. immutato : v. foil. art. 
 
 metonymy: 1. mei6iiymia(late): 
 Cic. Or. 27. 95 : Fest. 2. Pure Lat, 
 denominatio : Auct. Her. 4, j2. 4?- 3. 
 immiitatio: Cic. Or. 2"}, 94. >>o, mutata 
 vel immutata (verba), instances of m., 
 lb. {92. P h r. : for Africans he uses 
 the m. "Africa," pro Afris immutat 
 Alricani, ib. (/ 9J. (N'.B. — Metonymia 
 is the term best suited for use in critical 
 language.) 
 
 metope : inelopa : Vitr. 4, 2, 4 : pure 
 I/at. intertignium, ib. 
 
 metre : 1. metrum : Quint. 9, 4, 
 
 4i and 46 (in the former case, written 
 as a Gk. word) : composed in the m. of 
 TibiiUut (elegiac veise), conipositus me- 
 tro TibuUi, Man. 4, 6: M. L. 2. 
 numerus (measure, rhythm) : to write in 
 )«., numeris nectere verba, Ov. Pont. 4, 2, 
 ?o: in grave (heroic) m., gravi n., id. 
 Am. I, I, I. 
 
 metrical : metrlcus : Quint. 9, 4, 52. 
 
 metrically : *metrica ratione. 
 
 metropolis: 1. caput, itis, «. 
 (principal place): Rome, the m. of the 
 vorld. Roma orbis terrarum c, Li v. 21, 
 JO. f>n- 2. metrSpolis, is,/, (strictly, 
 mother city of a colony) . Cod. Just 11, 
 2t (=chief city of a district). 3. urbs, 
 u'bis, /. : often used of Rome, as the 
 city of cities, cf. Quint. 6, j, loj: Caes. : 
 Liv. Later, the chief toivn in a district, 
 Ulp. Dig. J9, 2, 4 } 9 
 
 metropolitan (adj.) . usu. expr. by 
 urbs . V. preci'd. art. (3). Later, metro- 
 politanus (relating to the chief city of a 
 district), (3od. ,iust. 11, 21. 
 
 metrCJOlitan (sabs.): *episc6pus 
 metrSpSlitanus. 
 
 mettle : perh. tgrocTtas : cf. Cic Off. 
 1, 26, 90, equos ferocltate exsultantes ■ 
 also id. Sen. 10, ? j, f. Juvenum, i. e. high 
 spirit, mettle. Sometimes animus may 
 serve ; of. Virg G. }, 100, sqq. 
 
 m.ettleS0me ; 1. animosus ; m. 
 472 
 
 quadrupeds (horses), quadrupedes a., Ov. 
 M. 2, 84: Virg. G. 5, 81. 2. genero- 
 sus (having good blood): the colt of m. 
 sire, pullus g. pecoris, Virg. G. j, ij. 
 3, ffirox (of untamed spirit) : 
 Join- feroces, indomitos [equi], PI. 
 Men. 5, 2, no. 
 
 mettlesomeness : ^- mettle. 
 
 mew (fttbs.) : a k-i7id of sea-fowl, 
 
 larus : V. 3EA-M E w 
 
 mew ("•) •■ |. ^'J 'moult q. V. 
 
 II, To shut up: incliidu, roncludo: 
 
 V. TO SHLT UV, IMPKISOS. |||. To Cry 
 
 as a cat : perh. queror, stus, j (denoting 
 any plaintive cry). 
 
 mews: stabiila,orum: v. stable. 
 
 miasma : halltus noxius et pestilens : 
 cf. Plin. J4, 18, ;o (where fumes from a 
 l.ead-furnace are referred to) : *ingratus 
 et insalubris balitus vel splritus; odores 
 qui aereni inficitmt, Forcell, s. v. aura. 
 
 mica : phengltes lapis Plin. ;6, 22, 
 46 : or perh. lapis specularis may have 
 been )iiica, ib. 4;. 
 
 Michaelmas : dies festus S. Mi- 
 chaeli.-^. 
 
 microcosm: *microcosmus qui di- 
 citur 
 
 microscope : *microsc6pium : scient. 
 t.t. 
 
 microscopic: Phr.: m. animals, 
 *tanta subtilitate (exiguitate) aninial- 
 cula ut oculorum aciem fugiant ; quae 
 non nisi microscopio adhibito coiispici 
 possunt 
 
 mid (<'<y) ■■ medius: v. middle (a<y.). 
 Phr : in m. air, aerius, sublimis: v. 
 
 LOFTV, 
 
 mid-day (subs.): merldies, ei. m.; 
 meridianiim tempus (as a period of 
 time) ! V. NOON. 
 
 mid-day (cdj^ : mSridiSnus ; a m. 
 nap, m. somnus, I'lin. Ep. 9, 40, 2: Cic: 
 v. n(m;>n. 
 
 middle («<(?•) •■ medius : of m. age, 
 m. aetatis, Phaedr. 2, 2, j : the m. por- 
 tion of a line, versus m. pars. Cic. de Or 
 U^o.init.: v. foil. artt. Phr.: to pur- 
 sue a m. course, temperamentum tenere, 
 I'lin. Ep. 1,7, J : comp. medium ferire, Cic. 
 Fat. i-j, J9: the m. classes, perh. qui 
 tenuioris ordinis sunt, cf. Cic. Leg. j, 
 13, jo; or simply, tenuiores, ib. 10, 24: 
 cf. id. Mur. J4, init. : or, niodici homines 
 (cf. Tac. A. I, 7 J. modici equites). See 
 
 also MtDDLING, FNTERMEDIATE. 
 
 middle (subs.) : |. The central 
 
 position: expr. by medius in agr. (I.,. G. 
 } 341) : in the m. of the forum, in m. 
 toro, Cic. : Liv. : also neut. medium oc- 
 curs as subs. : in the m. of Die house, in 
 medio aedium, Liv. i, 57, /ij!.: your 
 safest path iriU be in the m., medio 
 tutissimus ibis, Ov. M. 2, IJ7, ||. The 
 waist : expr. by medius : to seize any 
 one by the »i., aliquem m. arripere, ler. 
 Ad. !, 2. 18: Lucan. 
 
 middle-aged : v. MrootE (adj.). 
 
 middling : 1, mediocris, e : »i. 
 
 poets, m. poetae, Hor. A. P. 37;. 2. 
 niodicus : a person of m. stature, m. 
 homo, Plin. 14, i , j J 12 : of m. (average) 
 strength, modicns virium. Veil, i, 12. 
 3. luSdius (rare in this sense) : in 
 eloquence, m., eloquentia medius, \'ell. 
 2, 29: m. fidelity, m. fides, id. 2, 67. 
 Phr.: he uas of m. height, statura erat 
 nee brevi iiec quae justam excederet, cf. 
 Suet. Aug. i<).Jin.i Tib. 68. 
 
 midge : ciilex, icis, m. (gen. term) : 
 
 V. GNAT. 
 
 midland: medlten-aneus : the m. 
 districts, m. regiones, Caes. B. G. 5, 1 2 : 
 Cic. See also intebior, inland. 
 
 midnight (subs.) ; media nox : about 
 m., media circiter nocte, Caes. B, G. ?. 
 8. also, intempesta nox (dead of night, 
 whether exactly midnight or not) : Sail. 
 Cat. ;2. 
 
 midnight (adj.) ; Ph r. : a m. meet- 
 ing, *coetus qui de media nocte fit: 
 m. revels. *nocturnae comissationes : v. 
 
 NIGHTLY. 
 
 midriiF: diaphragma, atis, n.; prae- 
 cordi;i. orum • v. diaphragm. 
 
 midst : expr. by m6dius : he sat on 
 the thnme in the m., in solio medius 
 consedit, Ov. F. j, jjq: through the ?». 
 
 of the flames, medium per ignem, Virg. 
 Aen. II, 787 : V. middle. 
 
 midsummer: media aestas: Cic. 
 Man. I 2, extr. : also, summa aestas, id. 
 Verr. 5, 12, init. Phr. (poet.): ai m., 
 medio ae>tu, Virg. G. i, 297. 
 
 midway (adv.): expr. by medius: 
 JUeyara, a city m. between Corinth and 
 Athens. M. media Corintho Athenisque 
 urbs. Veil, i, 2: to pursue a course m. 
 between tao, medium quendam cursuni 
 tenere, Cic. Vat. 7, 16: frelond, situated 
 m. betiieen Britain and .^'pain, Hibernia, 
 medio inter Britanniam atque Hispaniam 
 sita, Tac. Agr. 24: v. middle. See also 
 inikrmediate. 
 
 midwife : obstetrix, icis Ter. 
 
 midwifery; obstetrlcia, orum: Plin. 
 jt, II, 40 $ 140. (As med. t. t., *ars s. 
 medicina obstetricia.) 
 
 midwinter : brtima (tlie shorrtist day, 
 winter solstice) : at m., sub bnima. Caes. 
 B. G. 5, ij: Cic: also, media s. summa 
 hiems : v. midsummer. 
 
 mien : 1. habitus, as (tiearing) : 
 in maidenly m. and at-tire, virgineo h. 
 atque vestitu, Cic. Verr. 4, j. ;; tt 
 mimic any rme's movement, m., and gait, 
 alicujus molum, h. et incessum iniilari, 
 Suet. Claud. 4. 2. status, us ( /xistare, 
 laanner of standing): ivith threatening 
 m., minaci s., Hor, Od. j, 4, 54. Join: 
 habitus vultus et oris, slatus, motus, 
 Cic. Fin. j, 17, 56. 3. vultus, us (ex- 
 pression of features) : cf. Hor. Od. j, j, 
 J, nee vultus instaniis tyranni. 
 
 might (subs.) : vis, robur, etc. : v. 
 power, STRENiiTH. Phr,: uithallone's 
 wi.., summa ope [niti]. Sail. Cat. init.; 
 omni vi, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 16, adfm.i 
 more strongly, omnibus viribus atque 
 opibus [repugnare], Cic. Tusc, j, 11, 25; 
 with m. and main, manibus, pedibu», 
 obnixe [latere omnia], Ter. Aiidr. i, i, 
 
 1 !4 ; comp. veils remisque [lugere], Cic. 
 Tusc. {, II, 25; where it is explained 
 by omni contentione, with every possible 
 effort. 
 
 might ("•)•• expr. by poteram, pos- 
 sem, etc.: v. may (v.). 
 
 mightily : valcle. magnriperg, eta : 
 
 V. GREATLY, EXCF.EDINGLl . 
 
 mighty: p0tens,praep6tens; validus, 
 validissimus ; v. powerfdl, strong. 
 Sometimes magnus : v. great, vast. 
 
 mignonette : *reseda odorata, 
 
 migrate : abeo, 4, irr : swallows m, 
 in the uinter months, abeunl hirundines 
 hibemis niensibus, Plin. 10, 24, J4 ^ 70, 
 et sqq.: also the act of migration is 
 expr. by proficisci, ib. $ 58 ; venire et se 
 reterre, ib. 61 ; commeare, ib. ^ 6j : 
 migrare, id. 10, jj, 49 ^ 95, is to forsake 
 its nest (of the swallow) ; but the verb 
 is used for to migrate by modern La- 
 tinists. 
 
 migration: pSrggrinatio : Plin. 10, 
 
 2 J, J J. Phr.: they agree together on 
 the time for m., quando proficiscantur 
 consentiunt, id. 10, 2J, jo. 
 
 migratory; 1. advena, ae: TO. 
 birds, volucres advenae, Varr. R. R. j, 
 5 : Plin. 2. expr. by abeo, commeo, 
 etc.: geese are also m. birds, simili 
 anseres ratione commeant, Plin. 10, 2J, 
 }2 ; abeunt et (anseres), id. 10, 24, J5. 
 
 milch : Phr.: am. cow, *vacca quae 
 lac praebet. 
 
 mild; j. Of physical properties; 
 esp. climate: 1, mitis, e: a m. cli- 
 mate, m. coelum, Plin. 15. 18, 19^71: 
 so, to grow milder, mitescere, mitigari: 
 as the winter grew m.er, mitescente jam 
 hieme, Liv. 2?, 19, init. : cf. mitigato jam 
 et intepescente pristino frigore (oi a per- 
 manent change in climate). Col. i, I, 
 ad init. 2. Clemens, ntis: cf. CoU 
 
 II, 2, i»!j'<., consumpta bruma, jam in- 
 tepescit animus, permittitque clementiar 
 dies (the m.er weather) opera moliri 
 So, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, ;, aestatis mira de- 
 mentia, the summers are remarkably 
 m. : v. gentle. 3. tgpidus (gently 
 warm,) : to. winters, t. brumae, Hor. Od. 
 2, 6, 18: so. id. Ep. I, 10, 15, est ubi 
 plus t*peant hiemes.' « tliere any place 
 nhere the n-inters are m.erf and tepesco^ 
 iniepesco (to grow m.er) : cf. supr. 4.
 
 MILD EW 
 
 MILLED 
 
 MIND 
 
 tempgratUB: mxet skf/re of m. Funnia, 
 teraptratae dulce Formiae liiiis, JIart. 
 ic }o, I. Join: mitls ac tciiiperatus 
 [iiiinus], Col. J, 20, init. : v. temi-hkatk. 
 i'hr. ; m. food, cibus leiiis .«. mollis, 
 Olfl. 4. 4, 4. II. Of mental ami moral 
 qualities: 1, mitis: J nevr sai" an;/' 
 tiling so m. and gentle us mij bnilhr's 
 conduct to your sister, nihil tam vidi 
 mite, nihil tam placatum quam mens 
 iruter erat in sororem tuam, Cic. Att. ;, 
 I : m. exile, m. exsilium, Ov. Tr. 2, 185. 
 Join: mltis et mansuclus ; mitissinms 
 atque lenissimus, Cic. 2. tlenu'ns 
 (inclining to indulgence; not severe) ^ 
 cf. Cic. PI. I J, Ji. clcmentes judlces et 
 mipericordcs : m. chastisement, c. casti- 
 >;aiio, Cic. Off I. !8, in: '"• servitwU, 
 jusia et c. servitus. Ter. Aiidr. I, 1,9. 
 3. mansuetus (tame, quiet) : a very 
 m. disposition, maiisuetisslmum inge- 
 nium, Val. Max. 2, "j, n : Cic. 4. 
 placidus {peaceful, quiet) : Join: Cle- 
 mens, placidiis. Ter. Ad. 5. 4. ^°',.\- 
 CALM. 5. lenis, e: v. gentle (Jl.), 
 
 throughout. 6. ITicilis, e (easy-tem- 
 pered): V. GOOD-NATUKKI). P h r. : to 
 mt the m.est terms, ut lenissime dicam, 
 Cic. Cat. i, -J, fin. 
 
 mildew (*•»'«•) •■ 1. robigo, fms. 
 /. (in com) : Vavr. R. R. I, i, aa i"''- ■• 
 Plin. 2. mucor: v. Mi»nu>, moui.hi- 
 NF-ss. 3. situs, lis (foulness, mildew, 
 etc., contracted by things not used): to 
 waste away with m. (of clothes), situ 
 dilabi.Ojl. 12, 3 : Sen. 
 
 mildew (i^^)- Phr. : to become m.d, 
 nuuorom tontrahere : v. mouldy. 
 
 mildly ; leniter, clementer ; in comp. 
 and .-iup. initius, mitissirae: v. gently 
 
 mildness : I. Of climate : de- 
 
 Dicnlia: I'hn. Ep. ;, 6, 5 (aesialis^. 
 Usu. better expr. by adj.: such is the 
 m. of the climate, adeo mite ac lemper- 
 atum est coelum : v. mild (I.). ||. 
 
 Of disposition, etc. : 1. lenitasj Ter. 
 Andr. 1, 2, 4. Cic. 2. niansuetudo: 
 Cic: Caes. : v. gentleness (3). 3. 
 dementia : v. clemency. Or expr. by 
 adj.: nothing could exceed the m. (f hts 
 sway, *nihil poterat esse niitius s. cle- 
 meiitiiis imperio ejus : v. mild (11). 
 
 mile : 1. m"'^ passuum -, or sim- 
 ply niille (about 142 yards less than an 
 English mil/:) : to make up a m., ut m. 
 passuum conficiatur, Cic. Att. 4, 16. fin. : 
 to be 200 m.s from the capital, ab urbc 
 al)eBse millia "passuum CC, id. Se.xt. 12, 
 extr. : ve creep along for^ three m.s, 
 millia tria repimns, Ilor. S. i, 5, 25 : 
 Cic: Liv. 2. meton., expr. by milli- 
 arium, lapis (m.-stone) : thi: jilcbs took 
 up their position about three m.s (from 
 Home), plrbes ad tertium inilli:irium 
 amsedit, Cic Br. 14, 54 : >>!/ '''« ^"'^ "■' 
 the Appian road, about five m.s (from 
 /iome), juxta Appiam viani, ad quintuin 
 lapidem, Nep. Alt. ex^r. : Liv. (N.B.- 
 Milliarium and lapis can only be used 
 in counting the distance from some 
 capital citi/.) 
 
 mileage : * pretinm quod in singula 
 ^passuum) millia exigitur, 
 
 milestone : milliarium. lapis : v. 
 mile (2). 
 
 milfoil: *achiUaea millefolium, Linn, 
 militant: *q"' militat: iKjllnmgerit, 
 etc. V. WAR, WAHFARE. 1' h r. ; the 
 church m. and triumphant, alia ecclesia 
 militans, alia triuniphans, Helvet. Conf. 
 p. 51. 
 
 military i.adj "> •• 1. milUans, e : 
 in. ati'airs, discipline, usage, etc., m. res 
 (.■JtnS.). disciplina. usus.etc: Caes.: Liv.: 
 pass. : m. age (age for bearing aims), 
 m. aetas, Liv. 25. 5. med.: a m. road, 
 m. via [qua traduci possit exercitus], 
 id. }6, iS.fn. 2. l)eincus (relating 
 to irar) : to conduct m. affairs, rem b. 
 administrare, Cic Div. 2, j6, •j6 : m. ex- 
 cellence and courage, b. virliis, Cic Mur. 
 10. 22 : so belli (depend, pen.) : m. glory, 
 belli gloria: v. vak. I'hr. : m. ser- 
 vice, militia, to bear the burden of m. 
 service, munus militlae sustinere, Caes. 
 B G. 6, 18 . exemptiim from m. service, 
 milltiae vacalio, ib. 14 esp. in phr., on 
 eitrii or m. service, et domi et mUitiae. 
 
 Cic de Or. }, IJ, n4; donii militiaeque, 
 id. Tusc 5, 19. 55 (or in reversed order): 
 first lessons in m. service, prima cus- 
 "trornni rudim>-nta, Tac. Agr. 5. 
 
 military (subs): milites, militares 
 
 copiae: V. .-((JLDIKKY. 
 
 militate: Phf-- "''■'^ ""'"«'* "*• 
 
 against us, liae res contra nos faclmit, 
 Cic. Quint, init. : law does not m. against 
 .... non adversatur jus quominus..., 
 id. Fin. ?, 20, 67 : .see also onfavouk- 
 ABLE, STAND (ill the Way). 
 
 militia: perh. *iopiae provinciales 
 (K. and .v.); *cives cvocati ad domes- 
 tlcae militiae munus sustinendum. 
 
 milk (suhs.): lac. laclis, n.: cous , 
 os.'^e.s', mares' m., lac bubulum, aslninum, 
 equinum, Varr. R. R. 2, ". »«'<■•• Cic. 
 Pro v. : to suck in eiror with one's 
 mother's m., cum 1. nutrlcis errorem 
 sugere, Cic Tusc 5, I, fin. : "pigeon's 
 m.," 1. gallinaceum, Plin. prel. ^ 24: 
 Petr. Of the milkii juice, of plants, 1. 
 herbarum, Ov. M. 11, 6'^>: Col. Phr.: 
 to turn to m., lactescere, Cic N. D. 2, 51, 
 128: to give m., lie full of m., lactere, 
 Pall. ?, 26 (of plants) : esp. in part. 
 lacteiis, Virg. G. i. J15 (1. frumenta). 
 (>j.B._As applied to animals, laclens— 
 sucking: q. v.) Curdled m.. oxygala, 
 ae, /. : Col : Plin. ( = '<ic coagulalum, v. 
 
 TO CIIIDI.E). . 
 
 milk (''•)•■ 1- Diulgeo, si and xi, 
 sum and ctum, 2 : VirK.: Plin. ' omps. 
 (1). imniulgeo, 2: to m. into, as into a 
 vessel: Virg. Aen. n. 5:2 (immulgens 
 ubera labris). (2). «mulgeo, 2 ((" »i. 
 out : rare) : Col. •;, 5 "i«<^- 2. Vocx 
 sicco, 1 ; USU. with aec. ubera : v. to 
 
 DRAIN. 
 
 milker : expr. by part, of mulgeo : 
 cf. L. G. A ft!8. 
 milkiness: 'actis s. lactea natura: 
 
 V. MII.K^. 
 
 milking (suhs.) : mulctus, us (rare) : 
 Varr. (Or expr. bv verb: v. to milk.) 
 milking-paU: muKtra: Virg. E. ;, 
 jo: also iieitl. mulctrum, Hor. Lpod. ib, 
 49; and mulctrale. It: Virg. G. }, 177. 
 milkmaid: •puella quae vaccas 
 mulget. I 
 
 milk-white : lacteus : m. necks (of \ 
 the i;aul.<), I. loUa, Virg. Aen. 8, 660. 1 
 milky lacteus. m. fiuid (null.-). 1. 
 humor, Ov. M. 15. 19- Virg. The m. 
 may circus (circulus) s. orbis lacteus, 
 Cic'Uep. 6, 16; 1. via, Ov. M. i, 168. 
 Phr.: m. juice, *^uccus lacti similis, 
 lactis speciem praebens. 
 milky -way : v. preced. art. 
 mill (•>■"(»•.).• 1. mola: a hand m.. 
 m. trusatilis, Cato, R. R. 10: Cell.; 
 also, m. versalilis, Plin. ;6, ift, 29 : later, 
 m. manuaria, .favol. Dig. J J. 1. 26: a 
 m. ivorfced by a donkeii. m. a-inaria, ib. : 
 a water m. m. aiiuaria, Pall, i, 42. 
 2, pistriiuim (the room or building 
 in n filch com i' OS ground): to sjM-nd 
 one's life in irons, in the to. (common 
 punishment of slaves), ferratum in p. 
 aetaiem coiiterere, PI. Bac. 4. 5, n : 
 Ter.: Cic Phr.: an ass to turn a m., 
 asinus molarius, Cato. R. li. n. _ 
 
 mill (" ) •' I. '''" "''"** " raised 
 
 imprission round ' the ed^e of coins : 
 
 perh. *nuinos in modum serrae signare. 
 
 II. Cornice, to lieat as in a mill : 
 
 peril, pinso, }: cf. PI. Merc 2, j. 80: v. 
 
 1 TO I'orXD. 
 
 mill-dam : *molae agger s. crepido : 
 
 v. DAM (li.V 
 
 mill-hopper: infundlbulum : Vitr. 
 
 10, 5 (ic), ertr. 
 mill-horse : Jumentmn molarlum ; 
 
 caballus m. : v. mill (ixtr.) 
 mill-pond: *pisdna molarla. 
 mill-Stone: m"ia: Vitr. 10. 5 (10). 
 fin. (circinatiu molarum = rei-o'((/io;i of 
 the m.s) : Vulg. Matt, xviii. 6 : a mill 
 consisted of two molae; the upper Killed 
 catillus ; the lower, nietA (Kr.). (N.B.— 
 molarls riapisj, Plin. 16, 19, ?o, is a 
 particular kind of stone: bni m.ilans is 
 also used as subs. = a very large slotte, 
 such as might serve for a mill-stonc.) 
 
 milled (;«"•«. oJj.): serratus: Tac^ 
 Ger. 5. (Serratos sc. numos, mdUd 
 coins^ 
 
 millennarian (subs) : miiuariua : 
 Aug. ( Milliarli=rChilta.-itae, x'^iaaToi.) 
 
 millennial : expr. by circuml. T 
 foil. art. 
 
 millennium : milllarlum annomm ; 
 Aug. or by circuml., miile anni qui in 
 Apocalyp»i praedicanlur. 
 
 miller : 1. mOlltor (one who grind* 
 corn): Ulp. }!, 7, 12 } 5- 2. niolen- 
 dinarius (appy. In Kng sense). Inter, 
 in Forcell. 490, A. I), (the trade of miller 
 being of laie origin). 3. '-''P''- ^T 
 circuml., * qui fiein'ntum molendum 
 londiicit. 
 
 milletj milium: Viii*. G. 1, 216: 
 Varr.: Col 
 
 milliner: *quae muliebris veslitos 
 ornatiisiiue offlcinam habet; or perh. 
 vesiltica. Inscr. in Korcell. 
 
 millinery : * vc-stitus omatusque 
 
 mulifbii>. 
 
 million: decies centena millia: Cic 
 Verr. 2, l, 10, 28 : so, tiro, tftree mj, 
 vicies, tricles centena millia. In ex- 
 pressing large sums of money, only the 
 numeral adv. need be expressed, decies 
 H.S. denoting one million . centles H.S, 
 ten millimi ; etc. (though the full expr. 
 niav also be used, as in Cic. 1. c). 
 
 millionaire :perh.praedives (homo): 
 Juv. 10. 16. (Or circuml., qui divitii* 
 abiinchit, afifiiit, etc. : v. to abolnd.) 
 
 millionth : the m. part, "pars una 
 ex decies centenismillibus partlum. 
 milt : lien, cnis, m. : v. si-lekh. 
 mime: mimus(a ti>!do//u)r«).- to 
 invent, (compose) m.s, mimos commen- 
 lari, Cic Ph. II, 6, iJ: Ov. : also de- 
 noiing THE I'LAYER : q. v. 
 
 mimic (adj)- I. MoHng to imi- 
 tation : v. IMITATIVE. II. Feigned, 
 counterfeit : 1. mimicus (-is in a 
 pantomime): Petr. 94. extr. (m. mor^). 
 2, simalatus : cf. Virg. Aen. !, J49. 
 parvam Trojam, simidalaquv niagnis 
 Pergama agnosco (" a mimic Troy ") : 
 
 V. CdlNTERKEIT. 
 
 mimic (subs.): Phr.: to lie a good 
 m.. *lial>itiis, voces, vultus hominum 
 scite imilando exprimere posse; artia 
 cujusdam mimicae peritum esse, 
 mimic (<-'■) ■■ v. to imitate. 
 mimicry : * mimica quaedam ars 
 facetiaique. 
 
 minaret : •turris excelsa aedis Ma- 
 liumi-tanae. 
 
 mince ("•)■• 1. concido. di, sum. 
 }: more precisely, minute c, Col. 12, 
 22 ; minuutim c, ib. 57. 2. con.sico, 
 I : Varr. R. R. J. n. ad fin. (minuu- 
 tim consecare): v. to crT to i-ieces. 
 Phr.: not to m. nia«€rs, plane aperte- 
 qiie dicere, Cic Verr. Act. I, 7, 18: 
 witlioul m.ing matters, sine fuco el fal- 
 laciis. id. Att. 1. i, init 
 
 mince (subs): perh. miniital, alls, 
 71.: .Juv. 14, 129 (hestenium m., appy 
 = hash). 
 
 mince-meat: P'"-; <" """f "- 
 
 of one's enemuis. farlum facere ex lio.-li- 
 bus. PI. Mil. I, I. 8 (=iia minulatim 
 concidere. ut solent coqni carries dlase- 
 care farcimiiiilnis faciendis, KorcelL). 
 
 mincing (adj.): I'h.^;,"' °f'«^"- 
 late one's Utters (and syllables) «" am. 
 manner, literas putidius exprimere, Cic 
 
 deOr. !. II.4I: V. AKKfXTKD. 
 
 mincingly : pfi'We, pQUdius : ». 
 
 pr^e-iarL Phr.: (<> speafc m, tencro 
 supplantare verba [lalato. I'ers. I ?5. 
 
 ^d(s««'s)- I- The intellectual 
 part of man: 1. animus (roost 
 
 general" and comprehensive term) : our 
 entire energv lies in m. arid f«iy. nostra 
 omnis vis in a. et corin.re Mia est. ^all. 
 Cat. i»i7. : to ircal U' m., cum a. suo 
 recordari, Oic Clu. 25. "Jo. so, cum ammo 
 reputare (to ttiink over in ones m). 
 Sail Jug. I ?. "i- <' •• '" ompreh.nd (ffrasp) 
 tn m. and thougtit. animo et o.giiatlone 
 comprehendere. Cic Fl. 27. cxir.: v. 
 SOIL, KEELING (II, 3). 2. mens. ntis. 
 f (strictly, the intellect as distinguuhea 
 from the emotional nature : but aifO 
 "used so as to include the latter) : nolhir^ 
 more divine than m., mente nihil 01- 
 vinius. Cic. Off. i- lo, ^ . to l>e in one$ 
 right m., mentis compolem esse. Cic 1 b.
 
 M 1 N U 
 
 MINION 
 
 MINOTAUR 
 
 2, J8, 97 to turn away the eye of the 
 m. from visible things, acieni mentis a 
 consuetHdineoculorumabduceie.id N.D. 
 2, I"), init. to compreheml (^yra^p) with 
 the »n..,mente comprebeiidere. Cic. (v. to 
 compkehend) : to stir up men's 7ft.s to 
 anger, etc., mentcs hominum ad jram in- 
 citare, id. de Or. i, 12. 52 ■ /call somtthiiig 
 to TO., In meiiiem venit mihi alicujus rei, 
 Ter. Ph. i. j, i Cic. (but the personal 
 constr. may also lie used, venit haec res 
 mihi in mentem L. G $ 278, Obs. ;) ; 
 V. iNTKLLh.<;T. 3, ing'gnium (natural 
 endoumtn.ts of to.) • the powers of the 
 m., ingeni opes, Sail. Cat. i . to allow 
 the TO. to sink into tfnpor, i. torpescere 
 sinere, id. J'.ig. 2, fin. : rapidity {of the 
 working) of to., ihgenii ceieritas. Nep. 
 KuDi. I. .Join animi atque ingenii 
 [moius], Cic. de Or. i. 25, iij. (Inge 
 nium never refers to the emotiims.) 
 Phr. : to be out of one's to., furere, 
 mente captnm esse, insanire (v mad, 
 TO be) • are you in your right m. (" in 
 your senses")? satin' sai]U.s es.' Ter. 
 Andr. 4. 4, 10. ||, Inclination, liking, 
 disposition: Phr.: to my (your, etc.) 
 to., ex mea (tua, etc.) sententia, Cic. 
 Fam. 2, 7, 2 : Ter. : also simply, ex sen- 
 tentia, Ter. Ad. }, j, 65 Cic: / have a 
 TO. to do something, mihi libet, with 
 infin., or neut. pron. as subject: do nhat- 
 ever you have a m. to d<i, facite quod 
 libet, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, J4 Cic. (v. to like, 
 II.) : also, cogiio, mihi in animo est (de- 
 noting intention) : V. TO INTEND. |||, 
 Opinion, way of thinking : 1. sensus, 
 US : all good citizens were pretty much 
 of one TO., unum fere s. fuisse bonorum 
 omnium, Cic. Fam 1, 9. 4 : / non't shew 
 him mi/ m. at once, non ego illi extem- 
 plo meiim ostendam s., PI. Most. 5, i, 
 22. 2, sententia: v. opinion. Phr.: 
 to be of the same to., eadem sentire, Cic. 
 Fam. I, 9, 8. |V. Recollectimi : Phr.; 
 to bear in m., meminisse ; memoria 
 tenere; alicujus rei memorem esse (v. to 
 remember) : to call to to., recordari (v. 
 to recollect): to pass from the m., 
 i. e. be forgotten, effluere ex animo, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 74, }oo: see also supr. (I., 2). 
 
 mind M -. i. e. to attend to: Phr.: 
 to m. one's oimi bvsiness, suum nego- 
 tium agere, Cic. Off. i, 9, 29 : more 
 strongly, nihil praeter suum negotium 
 agere [nihil de alieno anquirere], ib. 1, 
 i4, 125 (suarum rcrum esse, to look 
 after one's own interests : Li v. j, 58): 
 to TO. other people' s business, aliena curare 
 [eaque nihil quae ad te attineiit], Ter. 
 Heaut. 1, 1, 24 so, aliena negotia curare, 
 Hor. S. 2, J, 19. See also to care for, 
 
 REMEMBER. 
 
 mindful: mgmor, 6rls (bearing in 
 mimi) : m. of his descent and olden 
 rank, m. generis pristinaeque dignitatis, 
 Sail. Cat. 60, fin. : Caes. foil, by rei. 
 clause TO. of the shortness of life, m. 
 quam sis aevi brevis, Hor. S. 2, 6, 97 : 
 absol., a m. ear, m. auris. Ov. i' h r. : 
 to be TO of : (1). mSmini, defect, perf. ; 
 rfimlniscor ■ v. to remkmber. (2). re- 
 spicio, sppxi, ctum, ? (to have regard 
 for) : unless a deity be m.. of the com- 
 monwealth, nisi deus renip respexerit, 
 Cic. Alt. 7, I, 2: be to. of your years, 
 respice aetatem tuam, Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 87 : 
 also in unfavourable sense, to be mindful 
 of , and punish : Just. 
 
 mine (sulis.): \, For obtaining 
 ore : 1. mgtalliim : an old aban- 
 
 doned m., m. antiquum, olim destitutum. 
 Sen. Q. .N. 5, M, I cf. Liv 59. 24. init., 
 m. vetus inteimissum, i. e. that had not 
 been worked fur some time. Phr.: to 
 sentence to the m.s, ad metalla con- 
 demnare. Suet. Cal. 27, med. ; in metal- 
 Inm damnare, Plin. Kp. 2, 11, 8; also, 
 dare in meiallum. Dig. 2. fOdina ; 
 
 chiefly in otmps. aurilodina, Plin. j?, 4, 
 21 } 78; argeniifodina, id jj, 6, Ji } 98 
 (which mav, however, be written as 
 separate words). 3. puteus (the actual 
 pit or hole bored) : (gold) procured from 
 m.s is called canalicium, quod puteis 
 foditur canalicium vocant, id. j }, 4, 21 
 { 68. 4. cuiiiculus (a burrow or ex- 
 cavation niwie in mining) : Plin. 1. c. 
 474 I 
 
 ' $ 71 . to sink m.s, cuniculos agere. Sen. 
 y. N. 5, 1 5, 4. II. Military: ciini- 
 
 cQlus to cairy a to. (under the nails 
 of a city) c. ociultum agere. I.iv. 28, 7, 
 med., more fully, c. agere in arcem 
 I hostium, id. 5, 19, fin. .■ to take a city 
 I by a TO., cuniculo urbem cipere. Curt. 
 ; In mciderii milit. sense, *cuniculu8 pul- 
 I vere nilrato instnictus ad muenia dis- 
 cutienda s. disjicieiida. |||, Fig. an 
 inixkiiustibli- st'nre : nearest word, the- 
 saurus cf. Plin. Kp. I, 22, 2, mihi certe, 
 quoties aliquid abdi um quaero, thesau- 
 rus est, ",'ie is a perfect mine of learn- 
 ing : " or perh. fens uberrimus (R. 
 and A.). 
 
 mine (i^-) •• I. To dig for metals : 
 fodio, effOdio, fodi, ssnm, ?: Plin. n. 4, 
 21. II, In milit. sense: cuniculos 
 
 ago V. mine, subs. (II.). 
 
 mine ( i"'o^.) •■ n^eus. pass. 
 
 miner: |. (me ufw digs for me- 
 tals: metallicus- Plin. ?4, 16, 47. Or 
 expr. by pres. part, of f5dio, effodio : ct. 
 L. G. 5 6!8. II. (ne engaged in 
 
 milita y mining : \, cunicularius : 
 Veg. Mil. 2, II, fin.: Amm. 2. mii- 
 nitor: Liv.- v. excavator (2). 
 
 mineral (subs ) .- met;»lliim (used of 
 non-m.i'tallic substames, as eai ths, etc.) : 
 Plin. 18. II, 29$ 114 (where it denotes 
 a kind of clay or chalk) : Stat. S. 4, j, 
 <)Z (of marble) : Apul. 
 
 mineral ((leij.) : metallicus ; Plin. 
 (cf. preced. art.). Phr. the island has 
 very great (or little) to. nealth, *metiil- 
 lorum in insula cnpia plurima (s. ex- 
 igua) est: the to. kingdim perh. quae 
 metallico terrenoque gentre sunt : v. 
 kingdom (fin.). 
 
 mineralist \ *metallorum peritus 
 
 mineraloifist < (liomo). 
 
 mineralogy : *meiallorum scientia. 
 
 mingle: I. Trans.: misceo, im- 
 misceo, commisceo ; coufundo : v. to 
 MIX, BLEND. II. Intrans. expr. 
 
 by verbs under (I.), with^om. rejl. ; also 
 SLspass. refi. : mind m.s with the mighty 
 TO<i.ss, mens magno se corpore nii.scet, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 727 cf. ib. i, 440: to to. 
 in the fray, sese immiscere armis, ib. 
 10, 796 cf. id. G. 1, 454 (immiscerier= 
 immiscere se) hoise m.ing with foot, 
 equites immiscentes se peditibus, Liv. 
 ?i, ;5 . {the stream) ms tvilh the .Sici- 
 lian wave, Siculis confunditur undis, 
 Virg. Aen. j 696 (but confundo oftener 
 implies confusion). 
 
 mingling: mixtura: v. mixture. 
 
 miniature : perh. minuia tabella «. 
 piclura. To be a distinguished m.- 
 pamtor, *minuto quodaro subiilique pic- 
 turae genere exoellere a m. painted on 
 a gem or ivory, *imago in gemma vel 
 elxjre picta: lie painted only m.s, *bom- 
 ines pin.xit nee eos nisi taliellis minimis. 
 (I'ictura minor [R. and A.] in Plin. J5, 
 10, ;t 5 ii2,6enotes painting of inferior 
 subjeits : " genre " painting.) Phr.: 
 a world in to., *quasi minutus quidam 
 mundus. 
 
 minim: I. .^ note in mu.sic: *nota 
 musica quae minima dicitur. ||. A 
 drop: *mininium: Phami. 
 
 minimum : expr. by minimus or 
 adv. minimum : to gain the greatest re- 
 sults V ith the m. of toil, *maximos fruc- 
 tus quam minimo (possis) labore adl- 
 pi.iici at a m. charge of three denarii, 
 *tribus denariis minimum exactis : v. 
 
 least (at), LITTLE. 
 
 mining (subs.) : expr. by mgtillnm, 
 cuniciilus, ace. to the kind of operation 
 meant : to gain ut-alth by to., ex metal- 
 lis s. fodinis exercendis fructus capere, 
 cf. Varr. R. R. i, 2, ad fin. : to recom- 
 mence m. -operations, metalla intermissa 
 recolere, Liv. iq, 24, init. : to have re- 
 course to to., cuniculos agere : v. mine, 
 to mine. 
 
 minion : 1. cllens, ntis (so used 
 in later writers) : cf. Tac. A. 2, 55, cut 
 fin., loca e<iruni clientibus suis vel de- 
 terrimo cuique adtribueret: the accusers 
 were... (t"0) m.s of .^ejanus, accusa- 
 bant. . .Sejani clientes, ib. 4, ?4. 2. 
 
 einissarlus (stricily, one employed se- 
 cretly, and esp. for evil purpo.'ies) : the 
 
 most guilty of aU the m,£ of Nero, es 
 oiiiiiibus N ronis e. r.ocetitissimi. Suet. 
 Gal. i; .loin: familiares et emis- 
 sarii f I toniitiani], id. Domit. 1 1 Veil. 
 See also CODRTIER, court-minion, fa- 
 vourite. 
 
 minister (subs.) : |, Helper, ser- 
 vant : minister, tri ; /. -tra; v. seisvant. 
 II. Of state : Phr. a king's prin- 
 cipal m., (regi.-) socius et administer 
 omnium consiliorum. Sail. Jug. 29, init.; 
 qui (regis) omnium consihorum parti- 
 ceps administerque est, cf. Nep. Kuni. 1 : 
 minister etadjutor consiliorum principis 
 s. regis, Ruhnk. (in Kr.): the queen's 
 m.s, *ii quos penes a<lministrandae rei- 
 publicae cura est ; qui rempublicam ad- 
 ministrant: to. (if nar, *rebu8 bellids 
 praepositus to. o/' ./inance, *qui curam 
 habet rai.ionum pnbiicarum ; praelectus 
 aerarii «. aerario, cf. Tac. i }, 28, extr. : 
 a cabinet to., *iMlerioris consilii publici 
 socius ; qui sicreiioi ibus reipublicae con- 
 siliis impertitur late Lat., ronsistori- 
 aniis (nsu. in pi.), Amm. 15, 5: also 
 comes consistorianus. Coil Just. 12,10; 
 or comes consistorii. Imp. Cod. (but such 
 a use of comes is unwarranted by good 
 usnge). Ill, A preacher, pastor : *verbi 
 divini minister (V.I).M.). 
 
 minister (v.): j. To sei-ve: mi- 
 nistro, i («ith dat.) : Vulg. pass. : v. to 
 wait, SERVE. II. To conduce: 1. 
 conduco, confero etc. t v. to conduce. 
 2. servio, 4 (to devote oneself to, 
 seek to gratify : with dal.) : to m. to 
 any one's advantage, commodis alicujus 
 s., Cic. Rep. I, 4: Caes.: composition 
 simply m.s to the pleasurableness of dic- 
 tion, compositio iota s. suavitaii vocum, 
 Cic. Or. 54, extr. 3, prosum, irr. 
 
 (usu. with dat.): v. <iOOD (to do). 
 Phr.: if it uiU m. to your pleasure, si 
 vobis gratum futurum erit, Cic. Sen. 2, 
 fin.: to TO. to any one's pleasure (in any 
 undignified way), lenocinari alicui, id. 
 Div. Verr. 15. 48: speech should m^ to 
 the gratification of the ear, voluptati 
 aurium morigerari debet oratio. Id. Or. 
 48, 159. (N.B.— Not ministro in this 
 sense.) 
 
 ministerial: \, Belonging to the 
 ministry (of state) : expr. by circuml. : 
 V. MiNiSTEK (II.). II. Relating to the 
 religious ofiice : *ad ministerium rerum 
 divii.arum (sacrarum) pertinens. 
 
 ministering (adj.): *qui ministrat; 
 opem fert miseris: v. to minister (I.), 
 aid. M. spirits, spiritus administratorii, 
 Vulg. Hebr. i. extr. 
 
 ministration : v. foil, art 
 
 ministry : !• Ifte act of minis- 
 tering or serving: ministratio : Vulg, 
 2 Cor. ii. 7. sqq. : or expr. by minister, 
 ministro : cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 100, Calchante 
 mini- tro, by the to. or agency of t alckas. 
 II. I lerical office: ministgrium* 
 Vulg. Eph iv. 12 III, The persons 
 
 jointly entrusted with state affairs : ^i 
 quibus reipublicae adrainistratio man- 
 datur ; quihus summa rerum adminis- 
 traiida mandatur: cf. Cic. R. Am. jl, 
 91 : and see minister 'II.). 
 
 minnow : *pisciculus quidam minu- 
 tis,simiis. 
 
 minor (adj.) .- Phr.: the m. premiss, 
 minor praemissa (sc. propositio): Aldr. 
 
 minor (subs.) : i. e. < ne under years: 
 1. filius (filia) familias: Cic. Coel. 
 i?> 56. 2. qni nondum justae aetatis 
 est, nondum sui juris est; nondum in 
 suam fulelam venit, cf. Cic. de Or. i. 59, 
 180 V. majority (II.). Also piipillas. 
 ptip'Ili. may freq. serve: v. ward. 
 
 minorites: monastic order, Fratres 
 minores (so named by their founder /or 
 hum.il it 11' s .'lake) : Con vers. Lex. Insing.j 
 unus e fratribus minoribus. 
 
 minority: \. TliesmdUernvmber: 
 minor pars: cf. majority. Orexpi.by 
 pauciores. those who so thought uere m 
 a TO , 'pauciores erant qui Ita eenscbant. 
 II. t'nderage: papillaris aetas (witb 
 reference to orphans and wards). Suet 
 66, extr Phr.: he nas still tn his m. 
 nondum sui juris, justae aetatis erat: v- 
 majority. 
 
 minotaur: minotaurus: Virg
 
 M I N S T E K 
 
 MISANTHROPIC 
 
 MISCHIEF 
 
 V. MONAS- 
 
 perh. 
 
 minster: mSnasterinm 
 
 "'^Strel no adequate word 
 cantor; vaWs v singee, pokt. 
 
 minstrelsy : c-niuB;a.nc.ntus(.«A^e 
 several siuy or play togtlhcr) : v mng 
 
 '"•^ fJV^sub, V I. -* p^"' ■• '»''"*^'' 
 
 or'^U Ov Pl.n. II »Y' "T'.' 
 S To."^ : m6n-eu (..r-ily (A. s<jicto, 
 Juno Mo>iHa. m vkoae temple mnuy 
 iZ'aLed: hence, meton U^^ccncern 
 or place of a.nm, ^wmey): Amm^ 22. 
 II- Sidon.: Imp. C 4d. cf. Cic. rn. i, 
 ^i«.:de Appia via, et de Moneta Con u 
 refert (where prob the sense is the 
 cSe). Hence, monetalis, Mmgr,'g 
 
 Pompon. DiK. i. 2. 2 } 5"- p"p.„ *'„ 
 monetarius Vop>sc. Aur. .8: fcjUtrop. 
 Ill An abundant supply : Ibr..a 
 m ofmme;, •immane quantum pecu- 
 niae; incre.libilis pecuma. 
 
 mint (V) •■ c>id», J v. TO COIN. 
 
 SJ^St master- -praefectus monetae. 
 
 SSue^f'^^tatio quaedam lenU ac 
 
 '^^^hius- sine: V. WITHOUT. A car 
 ^"^Theam, curtum temone jugum^ 
 luv 10 I!?: 10.000 men, m. ^Kk ami 
 Zundek. *decem millia hommum us 
 semotis qui propter aegrotat.ones ac 
 vulnera arma feiTe non possunt 
 
 minute C^-^'O-.^, '•ph{. ^a 
 •liora." pars sexagesima. 1 °/- • "' " 
 m momento s. puiiclo tempons: v. mo- 
 ment 11 /riffeoTTu^fry: *gradusparb 
 sexagesima; mi««taquae dicilur. (Kr. 
 gives scrlpulum=scrupulum or -uf- de- 
 noting in general, a .erj/ ^^^'"^f^'^^l 
 N B -I'be principal fractions of a de 
 ^ee or hou^r may be expr by sem s 
 triens, quadrans, etc = 5o. '°.I5 .""^;. 
 utes ■ V HALF, etc. . ^ote oj pro- 
 
 actorum commeniarn (Kr.): <^lJ-'^^fH 
 acta orum ; as is stated in the m.s oJ 
 T^'senaU, ut senatus actis continetur, 
 SuefAug 5: to make an entry of any- 
 tk^giZhl m.s, in tabulas referre Coel 
 =n Cic Fam. 8, 8, 2 : to take full m.s of 
 aUUe examination, omnia [indicum] 
 dicta, in.errogata, resp.msa perscnbere. 
 id. SuU. M. 4l- y„y small: 1. 
 
 atque] m. --. L-n ', 56 : m./«, 
 m. opuscula, Cic. AC. 2, JO, ''■ 
 Dimin. minutulus: Macr. Phr. m 
 
 philosophers m //«<^"'I««*)- .?^, P^'v 
 Lophi.Cic.Sen.> 2 P- U- J; 
 
 LITTLE. O. bUOlllis. c v./ • . 
 
 exceedingly minute): how m. ate the 
 "^^s ofaU things, exordia rerum can - 
 tarum quam siiit s.. Lucr. 4, lU. Join, 
 subtilis atque minutus. ib. 121. *. 
 
 Kt-pa^rrr iTutuke:!^: 
 
 scribo V. minite. subs. (111.)- .. 
 
 ^nute-bOOk: commentani. acto- 
 mm talnilae v. MINOTE (i 1 !.)• 
 ^Ute-hand: *ln<leK sexagesi- 
 
 ™mfnntely 1. snbtiliter («icef.v. 
 
 eXa^r^Uh exact and fuUpart,cu. 
 ^y as for public affairs why should 
 
 ami ego tihi s.? Cic. Ait. 2, 21. inii. 
 quia |S" jg (,, „^;„/„e a quest,o„ 
 
 venj m. and carefully, allquid miim.ius 
 ^cr^pulosiU8s;TMtarl.yuiut. ;. 14. 28: 
 GeU 3. iiccuraie v ^cccb^tkli. 
 
 CAREFULLY ^xJreTTW SBUl/i- 
 
 minuteness . _.^._^l. ^ ,.^^„^^ . , 
 
 r^ur^.^-obaecanin.ali.isuntsiU,- 
 
 tilia alque minula . J:"'^"^-^! 
 II Exactness of detail : 1 P«'"- 
 
 subtilitas cf. «"^""\ "f-^- i, iiiuV: 
 ii-.7h m-caf<T or too much m., suinmus 
 v.1!X^. 2. cura {carefulness. 
 
 accuracy): cf. yuint. 8, 6. 28. minutior 
 '"[^nutiae: Pbr ^o^'ZoTc^r- 
 
 the m. of a thing, sl-.gi.la '^^1"' \Pf,'^^ 
 sequi), yuint. 8, 6, 28; smgu.a subtiUus 
 rxsequiCv MINUTELV): Ijearit woM 
 l^Zlus to enter int.. aJl "";»•«/'- 
 aifair -vereur ne puiulura sit cuncta 
 nerscrilH-re, queniadnmdum gesta sunt. 
 •^ m\nx- A'', mala (with or withou 
 puHl" cl- PI. Hud. 2. 5, .9.;i'-l";',^ 
 iiiala " the little minx has hui IterselJ 
 (^v'fully): cf. Cat. 55- >°. P''>^«'"\f 
 Sellle. .4" affected m., -od.osa puella 
 -iiblQue plus ai'()UO placens. 
 
 miracle • n.iraculum (anything caU 
 cBto xcite u^nd^r): v. wonder 
 c»(a«ci I phe terms em- 
 
 Kel'mVul«:t.^.drno.e».r;,mt.-a„ 
 Iniare signa, pr.Kligia, ^''■'"•ff =r''^;'.»: 
 
 irme^r'^^«-t.'^'^-^->^'-[r 
 
 nll.m,raJul.. asgen.temi seelrench, 
 
 miraClUoUS: nura.uir.>us : Aug.(f 
 usTft ar'o ».e conhned to the.d 
 lang ): or expr. by circuml., a to. event 
 -*m,od praeter solit..s naturae leges 
 U ; quo.1 n.iraculi (quod thcologi d.cunt) 
 
 " mS^SKslv : *P-^„-j>- - 
 fnrie Icslfs. (Miraciilose, Aug.) 
 
 miraKC- -aqu* miraculosa ; simu 
 lacmm;^l'-ata Morgana (quae dicitur); 
 Uie abo've terms .orrespondmg to naines 
 eiven to the phenomenon m diBerent 
 countries . v. P. Cycl. s. v. 
 
 mirp- Ifitum: v. mud. 
 
 SSiness: expr. by lutum. luteus: 
 
 V. MUD, MUDDY. „ I 
 
 mirror (s"hs.) : speculum : Cio.: Hot. 
 Pi^^7nthe watery to. in ^-.^.V^iph^ 
 
 rum, Phaedr. 1,4.'^ «" ^.'" "''" f f 
 IZle-s lir^s as into a to., mspicere tm- 
 nuam in speculum in vitas omnium, 
 Ter Ad. J, i. 61. HeUmging to am., 
 speailai-is (rare in this sense): they 
 Znktnsion t.kes plac3 <m the pnncple 
 Ta m., speculari ratione visum etbc. 
 jiidicant. Sen. N. Q. i. 5. 9- ^ '""^'^'^ 
 nf m s snecMl.irius, Plin. 
 
 do^xpr l>y speculum : fee saw htm- 
 ^fm.7 in the water, lympharum in 
 
 spluTo vidit sim>>l*';™°'/rT/f. ofl; ; ' 
 I 4 • less exactly, the whole life of «"« 
 o'utllTt)is I'd (in his ^'-•ritings. 
 omns voliva patet veluti descripU ta- 
 S vita senis (lit. a^ in a votive 
 
 ""-^th^^'f bil^rit^ (cfeeer/«M«s) : 
 usne^otinl' dis^sU^n rath^J^n 
 
 br:^d^r-st;^iiy'tt.s 
 
 -^^S^tiS; bnaris o. hiUru.: v. 
 '^"S^fully: hilars, hil^nter: v. 
 
 CHEF.BFIJI.I.Y. „,„„„ 
 
 sg?^^sri^^i^::^-v.M.-. 
 
 ""^sadventure: casus; inforta- 
 
 LW 4 .«.(.: <« form a m (0/ a "«in), 
 •uxorem infevi^re loco natam ducere; 
 of]he,ronuin. *infra se nato v.ro nu.*re. 
 -' ■ „«i-hvnnp- *qui hominum con- 
 
 misanttirope. m" , . .. 
 
 •.^us fu"it atque odit (K. auQ a.), 
 .■s.>us lu-i^ M . hoin num 
 
 gr 
 
 ^irinhlima^;!:^?^^ vita, hominum 
 congressus... quasi genus homunim in- 
 fenSn iKiNnv (Korcell. s. v. imonV 
 lenMiiMi \ .gpnoris humani 
 
 coK-^aTueosor.'cf.preced.ar.. 
 
 misantliropy: m hominum univer. 
 sum K'Diis oilium Cic. I use. 4, 11, 25 , 
 humani generis o<1ium, ib ptfl- in/r. 
 
 misaoply: a»J"'"'-; perverse (per- 
 neram) "tor : v. To abCSE. 
 
 ^I^apprehend : '. to mistisdek- 
 
 STAN l> 
 
 misapprehension : v. misundeb- 
 
 misbecome ; dCdCcet, 2. in^pers. (with 
 ac?^ af«. p^rum. minus. nmUme d-cet^ 
 cf. Cic. 1 use. 4. 25, ."■(• Also foU. by 
 in if aught be mUbeammy m them.sx 
 nuiddcdeceat in iUis, id Off. i, 4'. i-to- 
 
 ^misbegotten, chi.fly as lean «t 
 
 co^mpl perh. ai.ort.vus cf Hor jS. 
 1. ?, 46. See also bastard. iLLfcfilTi- 
 
 "'^S&e: Phr.: male s.inaecore 
 
 se iicrer'' v. to bf.HAVE. 
 
 ' miohphaviour : *q"<x» c°"i™ ^°i* 
 mJ?"htT<!^° -CUB (ilit-r ac decet) fit. 
 iicalculate: erro. fallor (to err. 
 t,e^.takeu: q. v.): you greatly m.. 
 niultum falleris. Phaedr. 1 .2 ?. 6. Phr 
 he md Ins own ^lrew^>, 'vires suas in 
 mains exloll.nrlo per crrorem lapsus est. 
 
 abS."arf««. sohyfor r^ull^s 
 m..TertuUae noUem abortnm, C.c. Att 
 ,4 20, I to have a to., ab. facere. Plln. 
 Kn 8 10. 1 : also = to cause to.. I lin. 21. 
 18, 6q !) 116. (Aboriio = <Ae ca.-sii.yo/ 
 n/;«-(i(«n Phr. to seek to bring about 
 fTO.,^mut fetus in corp..rec.„cepU 
 
 aboriantur. GeU. 12. «• "^ »"''• ■..'^i'"- 
 
 his v-ife died from a to., uxor ejus ex 
 
 collisions abjecli partus decessii, Just. 
 
 ,11. 12. 6. II. In geii. sense: v. 
 
 r^Sarry: I. To hare a mUcar- 
 
 ab. facere, Plin. Ep. : comp. preced art. 
 So, aboriivus. that caus^-s ««"'«", ^J^- 
 B n 1. 6, 5- 2. eru'o, jeci, ctum J 
 
 ' S partum): Ulp. Dig- 9. ^• ^T * "• 
 Also, partum abjicere, cf. preced^ aru, 
 eitrV 3 aborto, I : Varr. R- K. 2, 4. 
 wa (defuibus): Firmic. ( Ihe ^o™ 
 abort.o, Plin. 8, 51, 11^ ^^ ^'"J'"^ ^^^^„ 
 
 be^tedd.) II. '-%\'^Z'^ Z 
 
 swceed: frustra es.se. S.dl. Jug. ■]. Jin- 
 (cuius neque consilium neque inceptum 
 lui.n frus.ra 'uil) i =^*-cus cedere ib 20 
 ' ad fin. : secus procejiere. >b.^,^«^/^- 
 see also TO fail (Ul.). lll-.^ ."^i" ' ' 
 parcels, not to ar.ive at their ckstina^ 
 C; ■ P h r. : ./ TOV letters should m 81 
 e^ tolae n.:strae non perUiae sint. Cic^ 
 Att 4 18. 1 none 0/ your letters have 
 ^. Ai. omnes mihi epl.tolae tuae reddiU^ 
 sunt ib 1. l6.ir.tt.: I fear your letter 
 C TO'i. vereor ne epistola tua m ^■la 
 
 '■^^"^•''^^llUpons''' 1 promiscuus 
 Lup, TO a-tic/.. Pronu^ua c^^-Ua 
 
 ,^;-, nnUtpiices variique *ermones; 
 Ind .'«^ S ^v iiself Narius denotes 
 
 misceUaneousiy^ g^ ^^ 
 
 promis> ue : uell. prei. "• ■- 
 
 ,M..S.-K.MIS ATE'.T. „„„ , 
 
 L/n«Z.r.:Gell.pref.a..n- |. 
 
 miscellanea, .Tum : t.f e J. - J* Jf 
 Itol'^maeus, Tert. 3. la »» 
 'C^'-i-ir^'J^r^^J^nium V. Ml,. 
 po'^'ne* P^r.. if a..ym. should hap- 
 1 f e«"i quid forte adversi evenent, Ter. 
 
 ^'*' ^' ii,;if • I /fa>-m. 'o«s: incom- 
 mischief . 1- p;,„age. re- 
 
 modu™,damnuni.eU.^_^^^^ 
 
 .hall dn no TO. to Die slot., prosp.cere ne 
 omd reipubUcae i.ocere po^sit. &;es. B ^ 
 f 1, so of natural causes : ./ the blxghi
 
 MISCHIEF-MAKER 
 
 MISGOTTEN 
 
 MISREPRESENT 
 
 or hail has done any to., si uredo aut 
 graudo quippiam nocuit, Cic. N. D. j, 
 !5. fin.: vliai m. a tlouble-tongiied man 
 often does, quaniuni homo bilinguis 
 saepe coucinnat mali, Phaedr. 2, 4. 25 : 
 so conficere allquid mali, Ter. Heaut. ;, 
 i, 1 ; excitare, ib. 5, j, 11. ||. Inten- 
 tional injury : raalef icium : to refrain 
 from doing any m., ab iiyuria et, m. 
 teroperare, Caes. B. G. i, 7 : Liv. : Ter. 
 So, to do m., malefacere (or as two words), 
 Ter. Heaut. }, 2, exlr. Phr. : to con- 
 trive m. (destruction) against any one, 
 peslem alicui raachinari, Cic. N. D. J, 
 26, in it. : to do all the m. you can to any 
 one, *quibuscunque possis modis alteri 
 nocere. obesse, damnum s. malum roii- 
 cinnare : (cf. sup): I. ; and to injcke) : 
 see t'hal a piece nf to. slie sets about, 
 vide quod incepttt facinus, Ter. Heaut. 
 t, ?, J9 ; to make to. {soiv the seeds of 
 Hrife), certamina serere, Liv. 21,6, inil. ; 
 
 causam discordiarum serere inter 
 
 Suet. Cal. 26, ad fin. 
 
 miscMef-maker : i • e- one wIm breeds 
 quarrels: litis sator: Liv. 21, 6, iiiit. ; 
 turbarum sator atque accendere sollers 
 invidiam, Sil. 8, 260: cf. PI. Cap. j, ;, ;, 
 sator sartorque scelerum. In gen. sense, 
 auctor mali, malorum : v. ahthor. 
 
 mischief-making (subs.) : i. e. caus- 
 ing strife : expr. by verb : v. mischief, 
 .xtr. 
 
 mischievous : 1. maleficus, comp. 
 -centior, sup. -centissiraus (usu. in 
 stronger sense, nricked, criminal) : a new 
 and TO. superstition, nova et to. super- 
 stitio, Suet. Ner. i6. 2. noxius, noci- 
 vus, etc. : V. INJURIOUS. 3. impro- 
 bus(.') : cf. Virg. G. i, 119. To he to., 
 nocere, oiflcere, etc. : v. to injure. 
 
 mischievously : 1. maief ice : PI. 
 2. male et inutiliter: Auct. B. Alex. 
 t,-. 
 
 mischievousness : inutmtas: Cic. 
 
 Inv. 2, 26, IT (facti inutilitas aut turpi- 
 tudo) or sometimes, maleficia, injuriae 
 (plur. for abstract): cf. L. G. ^ 591. 
 
 misconceive: ^-to miscnder.stand. 
 
 misconception: v. misunderstand- 
 ing. 
 
 misconduct {subs:) .- 1. delictum : 
 to be guilty of m., d. in se admittere, 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 48 : consciousness of m., 
 delicti conscientia, Sail. Jug. z^ : the pi. 
 may be used to denote continued or re- 
 peated m. . cf. L. G. 5 591- So, to he 
 guilty of m., delinquere ; absol. or with 
 ace. of neut. pron. : if I am guilty of 
 any to., si quid deliquero, Cic. Agr. 2, 
 }6, extr. 2. peccatum : v. fault. 
 F'hr. : to be guilty of some to., aliquid 
 in se admittere, Cic. • lu. 60, i6t : to call 
 (a governor) to account for to. in a pro- 
 rince. de repetundis postulare, accusare 
 (the term repetundae being made to in- 
 clude all illegal conduct of a governor : 
 V. Diet. Ant. s. V.) : v. extortion. 
 
 misconduct («•) •■ Ph r- : to TO. one- 
 self, delinquere, delictum in se admit- 
 tere, etc. : V. preced. art. 
 
 misconstruction : sinistra interpre- 
 tatio (unfavourable construction), Tac. 
 Aer. 5, extr.: or expr. by interpretor ■ 
 V. foil. art. 
 
 misconstrue : male (perperam, per- 
 verse) interpretor, I; Cic. N. D. j. ji. 
 •77 ■ to TO. wilfully, *ultro aliquid in 
 deteriorem partem interpretari : cf. also 
 Tac. A. 1, 7, extr., verba, vultus in crimen 
 detorquere. 
 
 miscreant: (homo) scaestus, scei- 
 
 gratus ; PI. : Ter. : jHiss. : the to. .' 
 scelestum atque audacem hominem ! 
 Ter. Eun 4, 4, 42. Also srelus (stronger 
 than adj ) : ii-here is the m. that has un- 
 done me, ubi est scelus qui me perdidit .' 
 il: Aiidr j, 5, i. 
 
 misdate («•) ■• *i'> epistola falsum 
 diem ascribo : v. to date. 
 
 misdeed : delictum, peccatum, etc. : 
 
 V. MISCONDUCT, CRIME. 
 
 misdemeanour : levius delictum : 
 
 V. MISCONDUCT. 
 
 misdirect : I. 'fo direct to a wrong 
 place : *(epistoIam) perperam inscribo : 
 V. TO DIRECT (V.). II. To misapply : 
 ibntoT, male utor, j ; v. to use, abuse. 
 476 
 
 miser : 1. avarus (covetous, in 
 
 whatsoever degree) : the wide difference 
 hetiveen the saving man and the to., 
 quantum discordet parcus avaro, Hor. 
 Kp. 2, 2. 194 : but in prose, homo should 
 be added: cf. L. G. $ 5J9, Ohs. 2. 2. 
 
 sordidus (homo): sux:h a to., that..., 
 adeo s. ut. . . , Hor. S. i, 1, 96 : cf. Quint. 
 6, I?, 26 (pro soidido parcum). (Sor- 
 didus indicates the mean, dirty wai/s of 
 the miser; avarus, his eager grasping 
 for pelf.) 
 
 miserable: 1. miser, era, erum 
 (most gen. term ; wretched or suffering 
 in whatever way) : Cic. : Virg. : Hor. 
 2, aerumiiosus (overtvhelmed with 
 afflictions): Join: aerunmosus, infelix, 
 miser, Cic. Par. 2, init. : miser, afflictus, 
 aerunmosus, calaniitosus, id. Tusc. 4, j8, 
 82. (Miserabilis, raiserandus=(iese)i)niS 
 of or a fit subject for pity.) See also 
 UNHAPpi". Phr.: to make oneself m., 
 se cruciare, Ter. Eun. i, 2, 15: PI. : / 
 am perfectly to., discrucior aninii, Ter. 
 Ad. 4. 4, I. 
 
 miserably: 1. misgrg: opp. to 
 
 beate, Cic. Fin. j, 15, 50 : coinice, Hor. S. 
 I, 9, 8, misere discedere quaerens, m. 
 wanting to get quit of him : v. despe- 
 rately. 2. miseranduni in modum 
 (in a way fit to excite commiseration) : 
 Cic. prov. Cons, j, 5. 
 
 miserliness: sordis,sordes: v. mean- 
 ness (IIL). 
 
 miserly : avarus, sordidus, avidus (Pi. 
 Aul. prol. 9) : v. miser. 
 
 misery : 1. mlseria (gen. term : 
 distressed and suffering condiliim) : to 
 be in to., in m. esse, Cic. Fin. 2, 14, extr. : 
 to he a burden and a m. (= simrce ofm.) 
 to any one, oneri miseriaeque esse. Sail. 
 Cat. 10 : oft. pi., with reference to 
 various sources of m. : the m.s in which 
 we have lived for so many years, m. in 
 quibus tot annos rersamur, Cic. Fam. 
 
 7, }, init. Join: miseria et aerumna, 
 luctus atque miseriae. Sail. : Cic. 2. 
 aerumna (a depressing, overwhelming 
 affliction) : esp. in pi. (cf. L. G. } 591) : 
 death a respite from m., mors requies 
 aerumnarum. Sail. Cat. 51, med.: Cic. 
 Fin. 5, }2, 9s (miseria atque aerumna). 
 
 3. angor (distressing grief, anguish) : 
 to near a person out with to., aliquem 
 angoribus conficere, id. Ph. 2, 15, ^7. 
 
 misfortune : 1. adversa fortuna ; 
 or simply fortuna, where the context 
 determines the sense (rare) : fortune or 
 m. (prosperity or adversity), prospera 
 adversave f., Cic. N. 1>. j, J7, 89 : to mend 
 TO. by skill, arte emendare f., Hor. S. 2, 
 
 8. 85 : V. ADVEitsiTv. (N.B.— Adversa 
 fortuna is not used for a misfortune, 
 but in collect, sense.) 2. expr. by 
 adversus (without fortuna) : if any m. 
 should happen, si quid adversi accidisset. 
 Nep. Ale. 8: successes or m.s, prospera 
 vel a., Tac. Ann. i, i. Also adversae 
 res = adversa fortuna (siipr.) : Cic. 3. 
 infortunium (coUoq. : not in Cic.) : be- 
 ware of TO., cave infortunio, PI. Rud. 5, 
 5, 48 : Ter. (This word is chiefly used 
 of punishment brought upon a person ; 
 as in the colloq. expression, to come to 
 griefs feire intortuniura, Ter. Ad. j, i, 
 24.) 4. incommodum (an untmrard 
 event) : an unexpected to. occurred, ac- 
 cidit repentinum i., Caes. B. G. i, 48, 
 init. : an uninterrupted series of m.s, 
 continua i., Caes. B. G. 7, 14, init. 
 (N.B. — Caesar is partial to this use of 
 the word.) 
 
 misgive : dlffido, f isus, j (with dat. : 
 to be without confidence in any person 
 or thing) : cf. Cic. Clu. 2 j. 6}, qui sibi ali- 
 qua ratione difiideret (uho had grounds 
 for misgiving) : but the expr. is stronger 
 than the Eng. : perh. mi nusconfldo comes 
 nearer to it : v. to trust. Phr.: my 
 heart m.s me, nescio quid mihi animus 
 praesagit mali (lit. I have a presentiment 
 of something amiss), Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 7. 
 
 misgiving : Phr.: to have m.s, 
 diflSdere, panim confidere : v. preced. 
 art. See also foreboding, presenti- 
 ment. 
 
 misgotten : male partus : poet, in 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 27, init. 
 
 misgovern : male (inique, superbe} 
 rego, admiiiislro : v. to govern. 
 misgovernment : expr. by verb; 
 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 misguide : "p- to mislead. 
 
 misguided (part, adj.): demens: 
 V. infatuated. 
 
 mishap : incommSdum : V. misfor- 
 tune (4). ^ 
 
 misinform : *falsa doceo (R. and A.). 
 
 misinterpret : male (perperam) in- 
 terpretor : V. TO misconstrue. 
 
 misinterpretation : v. miscon- 
 
 STBUITION. 
 
 misjudge ; male s. perperam Judico, 
 existimo : v. to judge. 
 
 mislay : Phr.: your letter 7ias been 
 mislaid, excidit epistola tua de manibus, 
 nee usquam comparet : cf Cic. Alt. 2, 8, 
 init. ; and Clu. 64. 180. 
 
 mislead: 1. de.ipio, cgpi, cep- 
 
 tum, 1 : the ambiguity which misled 
 Croesus, ilia amphibolia quae Croesum 
 decepit, Cic. Div. 2, 56, extr.: we are 
 enisled by tlie shoiv of right, decipiraur 
 specie recti, Hor. A. P. 25 : v. to de- 
 CEHE. 2. more precisely, expr. by 
 error, with various verbs : e. g. [im- 
 peritos] in errorem inducere, Cic. Br. 85, 
 295 ; in errorem ducere, Nep. Hann. 9 : 
 to be misled by popular opinions, vulgi 
 opinionibus in errorem rapi, [nee vera 
 cemere],Cic. Leg. 2, 17, 4? : to he so far 
 misled as to suppose . .. , hoc errore duci, 
 ut quis arbitretur . . ., id. Off. i, 41, 148. 
 
 misleading (a4)-) ■■ expr. by verb : 
 nothing can be more to., nihil aptius 
 esse potest ad homines in errorem in- 
 ducendos : v. preced. art. 
 
 mismanage : male s. perperam ad- 
 ministro, gero : v. to manage. 
 
 mismanagement: expr. by verb: 
 
 v. preced. art. 
 
 misname : P h r. : to m. a person, 
 aliquem lalso nomine appellare, I'l. Am. 
 2, 2, 191 ; alieno nomine appellure, Cic. 
 Fam. 9, 22, med. (see the place). 
 
 misnomer : falsum nomen : v. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 misogamist : *qui abhorret a nup- 
 tiis ; iiui nuptias aspetnatur atque aver- 
 satur. (Osor, v. rare : PI. As. 5, 2, q, 
 osor uxoris suae.) 
 
 mysogynist : *qu' mulieres edit 
 atque aversatur : cf preced. art. 
 
 misplace : |. L i t. : alieno loco 
 pono, coUoco : v. to place. ||. F i g. • 
 to fix confidence, etc., on an improper 
 object : Phr.: confidence in such per- 
 sons is m.d, lis male fides habetur, male 
 creditur (cf. Virg. E. j, 95). 
 
 misprint (subs.) : *mendum s. erra- 
 tum typographicum ; operarum nien- 
 dum (cf. Cic. Att. u, 2J, librariorum 
 menda); vitium typographicum (of a 
 sei-ious nature), Kr. : *sphalnia preli. 
 
 misprision: Phr.: to. of treason. 
 *proditioiiis s. majestatis (laesae) con- 
 scientia : to be liable to such a cliarge, 
 •propter conscientiam sceleris, majes- 
 tatis criminc teneri. 
 
 mispronounce: vitiose s. perperam 
 pronuntio : v. to pronounce. 
 
 misquote : P h r. : to to. a passage, 
 ♦verba aucioris perperam (minus accu- 
 rate) laudare : v. to quote. 
 
 misquotation : v. preced. art. 
 
 misrepresent: 1. detorqueo, si, 
 turn, 2 (to wrest from the natural sense 
 or direction : not so in Cic.) : to to. and 
 caml at good acticms, bene facta d. et 
 carpere, I'iin. Ep. 1,8,8: Tac. Join: 
 calumniari atque detorquere, Liv. 42, 42, 
 med. 2. detiaho, xi, ctum, j (foil, by 
 de : to disparage any one ; speak in sitch 
 a way as to lessen his credit) : he does 
 not cease to to. me. ille non cessat de me 
 d., Hie. Att. 11, 11, extr. 3. obtrecto, 
 I (to assail and find fault nnth) : cf. 
 Liv. 45, J7, med., cui nullum probrum 
 dicere poterat, ejus obtrectare laudes 
 noluit, i. e. to depreciate and find fault 
 with his merits. So also, detrecto, I (= 
 detraho, but constr. with ace): Liv.: 
 Ov. (No one of these exactly represent^! 
 the Eng.; but they may all be used in 
 expressing it: v. to disparage.) 4, 
 deprave, i (to ■make out a thing to be
 
 MISREI'RESENTATION 
 
 MISTAKE 
 
 MISUNDERSTANDING 
 
 bad): cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 4, 16, nihil t-gt qiiiii 
 male narraiido posnit depravarier, i. e. 
 Kverything is capablt oj being misiypre- 
 .'crited. 6. caluiiiiiiur, 1 (tu raite ill- 
 uatured, un/ouwied objeclions) : cl. 
 supr. (1). 6. expr. by iiiteii)retor, i 
 {lo put a certain constructimi upon 
 ■ inylhing; vittllier outuxirdl!/ expressed 
 ur not) : to VI. ei'eiyllutig, in order to 
 excUe people, *omnla in deleriorem 
 partem Interpretandu, animos honiinuni 
 atcendere (cl. Cic. Mur. ji, 65, In mi- 
 ciorem panem inUrprelari ; and lac. 
 Agr. 15, init.) : so, •inaligne inlerprciarl, 
 cl. Plin. Ep. 5, "], extr. ; *dcpravando 
 interprelari, cl. supr. (,'5). 
 
 nusrepresentation : expr. by 
 verb : bi/ a constant < nurse of m., ca- 
 lumniandi) omnia deumiuendoque, Liv. 
 42, 42,ni«ti.,f ic. : V. prec^-d. art. (Sinistra 
 intei-preuitio, lac. Agr. 5, extr., comes 
 very near; but iienotes there the im- 
 pression formed, not tlie attempt to dis- 
 parage others.) 
 
 misrule: expr. bymaleadminlstrare, 
 rem gerere: v. to govkrn. 
 
 miss (subs.) : as title of respect : 
 domiiia (Kr.): v. mistrkss. 
 
 miss (subs.) : opp. to a hit : perh. 
 friislraiio : Quint. 2, 20, } : or expr. by 
 verb : V. toll. art. 
 
 miss ("•) •■ |. J^ot to hit the mark ; 
 perh. aberro, i (Kr.). : more precisely, 
 destinato aberrare : or, dostiiiatuni non 
 ferire, cf. Curt. 7, s.fm. : also, Hor. A. I'. 
 J50 (non semper feriet, quodcunque 
 minaWtur[=de,stinatum] arcus). Some- 
 times intercido (to fall between) may 
 nerve; cf. Liv. j8, 22, ad fin. (quumquo 
 plures ac densiores erant, eo minus vaiii 
 quicquam intercideret teli) : in same 
 sense, frustra milti, Caes. B. G. i, 45 : 
 Vulg. Judic. XX. 16 has, ut capillum 
 quoque possent percutere, et nequaquam 
 in alteram paiievi icttii lapidis defer- 
 retur. P h r. : without once missing, 
 cuatinuo et sine frustratione, Quint. 2, 
 20. }• II. 'I'" omit, pass by ivithout 
 noticing : praetermitto, } : v. to omit. 
 Phr. : I luive hardly m.'d attending a 
 single (reader), equidem prope nemini 
 defui, Plin. Kp. 1, 1 !. 6 : to m. an oppor- 
 tunity, occasionem atnitiere (v. to i.i;t 
 SLIP). Ill, To feel the want of : \, 
 desidfiro, i : the longer he is away, the 
 more I m. him, qiianto diutius abest, 
 tanto magi.'i dfsidero, Ter. Heaut. i, i, 
 16: Cic. So e.\pr. by desiderium, with 
 a verb: he m.'d his son so dreadfully, 
 ita raagno dcsiderio fuit ei tilius, Per. 
 Heaut. 4, 4, 5 : so, desiderio teneri ali- 
 cujas rei, Cic. Sen. 10, ij. See also 
 MISSING ((id;.). 2. requiro, quisivi, 
 
 itura, J (to look for without finding) : 
 to m. tlie ornaments of peace and the 
 resources of war, et pacis oniamenta et 
 belli subMdia r., Cic. Man. 2, fin. .- 1 m. 
 many whom cmte / saw, multos requiro 
 quos quondam vidi, Ov. M. 7, 515. So 
 sometimes quaero : Prop. 1, 17, 18. 
 
 missal : *missale, is, n. : regular 
 title of such books. 
 
 misshapen (part, adj.): 1. de- 
 formis, e : to he born m., d. natum esse. 
 Cic.Coel. t, 6. Join: prava(aZ. parva) 
 atque deformia [jumeiita], Caes. B. U. 
 4, 2. (Informis, shapeless, without form 
 or beauty: cf. Vlrg. Aen. j, 658.) 2. 
 priivus (esp. of parts of the boity : de- 
 formis describing the whole figure) : m. 
 ankles, p. tali, Hor. S. i, j, 48 : Cic. 
 3. distortus (as it irere, irienched 
 a.<idf from evenness and symmetry) : 
 m. legs. d. crura, Hor. S. I , {.47. Superl. 
 disiortissimus (erer so m. and ugly), Cic. 
 Mur. 2q. 61. As collect, expr., m. figure 
 or person, pra vitas luembroruni, dlstortio, 
 deforinitas, Cic. Tusc. 4, ij, 29. 
 
 missile (subs.) -. l. telum : they 
 huiltd their m.s against our men, t. in 
 nostros conjiciebant, Caes. B. G. i, 26: 
 cf. ib. 4, 2j (but telum is a missile in- 
 tendeil to pierce or cut : not merely lo 
 strike, as a stone) a cloud of light m.s, 
 nubes levliim t., I<iv. : more precisely, 
 missile telum, Liv. }8, 22, ad Jin. (via 
 ingens missiliiim telorum) . Virg. 2. 
 missile, is, n. (strictly adj., with telum 
 
 under8t<iod) : to figlU witli m.s, misslli- 
 bus pugnare, Liv. 54, jg, init. 3. 
 
 tonneiiium (discltarged by an engine): 
 Caes. B. C. }, 51, ./in. : I'lin. 
 
 missile (attj.) .• mlssllis, e : Liv. : 
 Virg. ; V. preced. art. 
 
 missing (adj.): Phr.; to be m., 
 di»i(ii rail nor was a single article m. 
 from the teniple, nee quicquam ex fano 
 desideratum est, Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 96 : 
 often use<i in returns of losses in battle 
 or camjtaigns : not a single ship was m., 
 nulla omnino navis desiderabalur, Caes 
 B. G. 5, 2; (but, as applied to troops, 
 the term includes kilkd and wound/sd 
 fv. Toi.osK]; as distinguished from these, 
 the "missing" may be said, non coin- 
 parere, non reperiri, not to make their 
 appearance or be found). Sometimes, 
 In gen. sense, deficere or deesse, may 
 serve . v. wanting (to be). 
 
 mission: I, sending, delegation : 
 legatio (embassy, commission) : to under- 
 take a m., 1. su.scipere, Claes. B. G. i, j: 
 v. KMUASSV. (Cf. Warburtons title. 
 Divine Legation, viz. of Moses.) See 
 also OKFicE, DUTY, FUNCTION. ||, Spe- 
 cially, the propagation of the dosfiel in 
 heathen lands : expr. by doctrinam 
 Chrislianaui propagare (Kr.). 
 
 missionary (subs.) .- *qui doctrinam 
 Chiistiaiiam (Evangelii) propagandani 
 susclpit; qui Evangelium in alias terras 
 defert. 
 
 missive (s"''S') •■ nuntius; lilterarura 
 signiticiitio: Cic. Man. j, 7 : v. me-ssagk, 
 
 LkTrKR. 
 
 misspell : *(verbum, nomen) per- 
 peram scribere. 
 
 misspend : 1. perdo, didi, dltnni, 
 } (to throw away, waste) -. cf. Ter. Heaut. 
 }, I, 55, sumat, consumat, perdat {let 
 him take, spend, misspend) : to m. one's 
 labour, operam p., Cic. Mur. 10, 2j. 
 .loin: profundere et perdere [studium, 
 laboremque], Cic. Kam. 5, 5, ad fin. 
 2, perh. abfitor, sus, i (with abl.) : 
 v. TO ABUSE. (But onini tempore abuti, 
 in Cic. = to use up all one's lime ; v. TO 
 
 USE.) See TO WASTE. 
 
 misstate : parum accurate memoro, 
 meniini ; v. to kelatk, mkntion. 
 
 misstatement: p<'i"b- mendricium : 
 
 which dues nut necessarily imply wilful 
 deception: cf. Nigid. in Gell. ii, 11: 
 also Sen. N. Q. 7, 5, i, where mendacia 
 = misstatements, errors. Or better, 
 (quod) falsum (est) . v. falsf,. 
 
 mist : 1. nebaia (most gen. term) : 
 m.s do not rise in summer nor in the 
 depth of printer, n. ni'C aestate nee 
 niaxlmo frigore exsistunc, Plin. 2, 60, 
 61 : 1.0, n. surgunt. Lucr. : a denser m., 
 rising from the lake, rested on the plain, 
 orta ex lacu n. canipo densior stderat. 
 Liv. 22, 4 ad Jin. K i g . : the m. of error, 
 n. erroris, Juv. 10, init. 2. ciiligo, 
 inis,/. (liarkness , a mist causing dark- 
 ness) : a smoky m. exhales, fumida ex- 
 halatur c, Plin. 2, 42, 42. Kig. : there 
 is a m. come over my eyes, mi ob oculos 
 c. obstitit, PI. Mil. 2, 4, 51 : v. dakk- 
 NFAs (II. 2). Phr.: to be covered with 
 chilly m.s, frigidis nebulis caligare, Col. 
 I, 5, meti. 
 
 mistake (subs.) : 1. erratum, 
 error (most gen. terms) : t. kkror. 
 2. niendum (strictly, a blemish, 
 flaw: hence, a blunder, error): m.s of 
 transaibers, llbrarioruiii nienda, Cic 
 Alt. I}, 2? a great m.. magnum m., 
 ib. 14, 22, Jin. Also uienda, ae (in same 
 sense) : Suet. .\ug. 87. 'I'o make a m. or 
 m.s, errare, labi, etc. : v. to eur. Phr.. 
 (to do anything) by m., perperam (= per 
 eiTorem): they had come by m. to our 
 camp, p. ad nostra caslra veiierant, 
 Auct. B. Hisp. 12: PI. Suet. 
 
 mistake (i')- I. Trans.: expr. 
 by i)ro. with abl. : he kill.'; the .teiTetary, 
 m.ing himj'or the king, scribam pro rege 
 obtruncat. Liv 2. 12, med. • to m. false- 
 hood Jar truth, falsa pro veris habere : 
 v. FOR, prep. (I.). Also a double ace. 
 may be used with such verbs as creilo, 
 puto : they all viistiMk hiTn for his 
 brother, ♦omnes fratrem esse credebaiit 
 (where the idea of mistake Is of course 
 
 implied only, not expresse<l). Or expr. 
 by interj)retor, intelligo, with such advv. 
 as perperam (cf. preced. art./m.), minus 
 recte, perverse : v. wrong LV. ||. Ke/l. 
 2>a$s., to t>e mistaken, i. e. lie in en or : 
 
 I, erro, i : to be altogether m.n at 
 to an aJI'air, be m.n in Uie dales of 
 things, tola re, temporlbus e., Cic. Ph. 2, 
 q.Jin.: to be much m.n, procul errare 
 Sail. Jug. 85, ad Jin.; longc e., Ter. Ad. 
 
 1, I, 40: usu. better, valde e.,Cic. deUr. 
 
 2, 19, 8j ; vehemenler e., id. Ac. 2, J2, 
 10; : prol>e errare (comlcd), PI. Am. j, 
 J, 21 : to t>e entirely m.n, toto (Ut aiunt) 
 coelo errare, Macr. j, 12, med. 2. 
 fallor, falsus, j: you are much m.»i., 
 multum fallerls, I'haedr. i, 2?, 6: cf. 
 Sail. Jug. 85, ne illi fal.sl sunt, verily 
 tlunj are m.n: 1 may be m.n. possum 
 lalli, Cic. Att. ij, 21, 6. In parenthetical 
 phrs., such as, unless I am m.n.. the act. 
 voice is olten used with pron. refl.: nisi 
 me fallit, Cic. Att. 14, 12. Varr. (Ni 
 fallor. poet. : Virg. Aen. 5, 49.) 
 
 mistaken (P^rt. adj.): lalsus, per- 
 versus V. wkong. 
 
 mistakenly : perpgram : V. Mis- 
 takk, sulis. extr. 
 
 misteach : perverse doceo : v 
 
 WRON<;l.Y. 
 
 mistiness : expr. by a^j. : v. jiisrr 
 mistletoe : viscum : piin. 16. 44, 
 9J : \'iig. (Vi.scum album, Linii.) 
 
 mistranslate : perperam reddo s. 
 intiTiiri'ior v. in translate. 
 mistranslation : v. preced. art 
 mistress: |. TUe head of a house- 
 hold : 1. h(5ra (with ref. to the slaves) ; 
 Ter. Ph. i, i, ij: PI. A]m = sweet- 
 heart : Cat. 68, Ii6. 2. dOmina (often 
 simply = hera ; but capable of being 
 used in ivider sense) : I'er. Heaut. 2, !, 
 57 (^= hera) : Quint. 5, 11, J4. As title 
 of an empress : Suet. Cl. 59. Fig.: the 
 m. and queen of all the virtues (justice), 
 omnium d. et regina virtutum, Cic. Off. 
 J, 6, 29. 3. materfamilias or -ae (also 
 as two words) : strictly = uxor quae in 
 manum cmivenit, Cic. Top. }, 14 (Diet, 
 Ant. 740, b) ; but used in wider .sense, 
 as a respectful designation of a matron : 
 cf. Liv, J4, 7, ad init., matrem familiae 
 tuam purpureum amiculum habere non 
 sines, ictM you not suffer the m. of 
 your houseJiold to have a pui'ple mantle f 
 
 II. A sweetheart : most treq. puella: 
 Cat. 2, I : et pass. : also, domina, Tib. i, 
 1,41 ; hera, v. supr. (1., 1). Also Venus: 
 cf. Hor. Od. I, 27, 14 (quae te cunquc 
 domat Venus) : Virg. E. 3, 68. Or expr. 
 b.v amo : /'hyllis is my m.'s name, I'hyl- 
 llda amo ante alias, ib. 78. |||, A kept 
 nsmtatt : 1, concublna : the less dis- 
 honourable appellation tor a jiellex 
 Dig. 50, 16, 144: Cic. 2. arnica: tie 
 she u>ij'e or be she m., si ista uxor sive a. 
 est, Ter. Andr. i, j, 11 : Cic: Dig. I. c. 
 Dimin., amicula, Cic. de Or. 2, 59. 240. 
 
 3. pellex, icis,/. (strictly, Uie con- 
 cubine of a married man: also in wider 
 sen-e) : ' Dig 1. c. Phr.: to have a 
 woman as m., mulierem in contubernio 
 habere, cf. Suet. Vesp. }, extr. |V. 
 -4 teacher : m;'igistra: Ter. Hec. 2, i, 7 : 
 Cic. : v. teacher. 
 
 mistrust (subs.) : diffidentla, sus- 
 
 picio ; V. DISTRUST, SU-^I'ICION. 
 
 mistrust (i'-) •• dlff ido, J : V. TO DIS- 
 TRUST. 
 
 mistrustful : diffidens : v. dis- 
 
 TltU'^TFUl.. 
 
 misty : 1. nebulosus : m. or cloudy 
 dai/s, dies n. luibilive, Cels. 2. I, i»ii<. : 
 Cic. Join: nebulo.sum et caliginosuni 
 [coelum], Cic. lusr. i, 25.60. 2. ca- 
 ligiiiosns (murky vith misf): ib. I, 19. 
 45 (coelum humidum et c). In fig. 
 sense, obscurus. ambagibus involutus 
 (sermo) : v. oilscurk. 
 
 misunderstand: minus.baud recte, 
 perperam intelligo: v. to unuekstanu 
 Phr.: you m. ni'", baud rem tenes, cf 
 Ter. Aiidr. 2, 2, 12. 
 
 misunderstanding (subs.) .- |. 
 
 In gen. sense : error : v. error, mis- 
 take. Or by verb: through a m., *re 
 minus intellecta : v. preced. art. Some- 
 times imprudentia, imprutienler, may 
 477
 
 MISUSE 
 
 MOB 
 
 MODEL 
 
 serve : to do wrong through a m. (not 
 vHfally), per imprudetitiam peccare : 
 
 V. INADVEKTiaiCE, INADVKKTKNTLV. ||. 
 
 A difference between friends : 1. <>t- 
 feiisio : / did nut imagine that the m. 
 was so seii/>us, nee tantum intelligebam 
 ei esse offensioiiis. CS. . Alt. i, i";, i : cf. 
 paulo inlr., deponeie nfieiisionem. A 
 more delirate e xpr. is iiicomniodum, Cic. 
 1. c, hiijiis inconimodi causa, i. e. Ihe 
 cause iif this m. : cf. ib. paul) siipr., 
 subesse iiescio (|Uid opinionis incommo- 
 dae, i. e. he iras the tictim of some m. 
 
 2, dissi.liura (stroiigi-r than Eng.) : 
 Cic. Am. lo, ;5 v. r)iSAGREKMENT(li.). 
 
 misuse ("0 •" ^- to abcsk, misspend, 
 
 MALTKHAT. 
 
 misuse (subs.) .- usu. expr. by verb ; 
 to guard against the m. of a thing, 
 *cavere lie qdid in pravos usus vertatur : 
 that is a m. of the tei m, *id est verbum 
 alienu loco adhibere. See also abuse, 
 subs. 
 
 mite: I. Tlie insect :*&ca.Tus,Unn. 
 (generic terra for all smh insects : v. 
 P.Cycl.s. v.). II. Asmallcoin: sixlans, 
 ntis, m. (1 of an as) : the commonalty 
 buried him, contributing a m. apiece, 
 extulil ' uin plebs, s. collatis in capita. 
 Liv. 2, ; }. extr. (The expr. in Vulg. Mar. 
 xii. 42. is duo minutii = two small coins.) 
 
 miti ate ; 1. mltigo, 1 (to dimi- 
 nish the severity o/"anytliing: whether 
 of bodily or mental sensations): the cold 
 becoming m.d, mitigato frlgore, Col. i, 
 I, ad ill it. : to m. hardships, mala, 
 labores m., cf. Tac. Ann. 14, 24: to 
 m. the severity (of a governor), severi- 
 tatem m., Cic. Q. Fr. i, i, 1. 2. 
 
 mollio, I (to so/ten : hence fig. to mo- 
 derate violence, passion, etc.) : they 
 should m. their anger, molliient iras, 
 Liv. I, 4, Jin.: to m. a punishment, 
 poenain ra. (poet.), Ov. Tr. j, ;, 5?. 
 
 3, lenio, 4 ((') quiet down, soothe) ; 
 cf. Cic. Mur. ji, 65, te ipsum .... dies 
 leniet, aelas mitigabit: Sail. Phr. : to 
 m. a penalty, allquid de severitate 
 poenae remittere. cf. Cic. Ph. i, 5, extr. 
 see also to lessen, abate, remeve. 
 
 mitigating (odj.) .- h h r. : wi «>- 
 cumstanres, *levanienta; quae doloris 
 acerbit:it«m mliigare s. lenire possunt : 
 
 V. TO SUTKJATE. 
 
 mitigation: 1. mitigatio: Cic. 
 
 2. Igvaiiientum (ani/lhing vhich 
 serves to relieve irr mitigate : miligatio 
 is the act of so doing) : to operate as a 
 TO. (f sufferings, esse 1. miseriarum, 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 19, ??. In same sense, leva- 
 men (esp. poet.) : Cic. : Virg. Also, 
 allevamentiim (v. rare): Cic. Siill. 2?, 
 extr. (Mne uilo remedio atque alleva- 
 niento). 3- more freq. expr. by veib: 
 to seek the m. nf human suffering, *in 
 mitigandos hominum dolores miserias- 
 qne mcumbere to ask a m. of punish- 
 tnent, *pete''e ut remiitatur aliquid de 
 
 poena : V. TO MITIGATE. 
 
 mitre: mitra (eplscnpalis) : Erasm. 
 Eiicoiii. Mor. p. ii(). (Strictly, a kind 
 of head-hand.) 
 
 mitred: *mitratU8 (in Prop.=ic«aj-- 
 ing a mitra or head-band) : mitram 
 gerens. 
 
 mitten : no known word : cf. gloves. 
 
 mix : 1. mi.-vceo, ui, stum and 
 
 xtum, 2 (in most uses of Eng.) : loll, by 
 ace. and ahl. : also for abl the dat. (poei.), 
 or abl. with cum . to m. pdson with an 
 antidote, m. aniidoto toxicum, Phaedr. 
 I, 14, 10 • Cic. : Hor. : to TO. tears with 
 blood, fletnni cruori m., Ov. M 4, 140: 
 Hor. : for cum ami abl., cf. Cic. Ph. i. ^, 
 tnit. (ut parentaliacum supplicationibus 
 misceremur, might be mingltd with): 
 Ov. Pont, r, 9 20 (cum meis larrimis 
 miscuit snas) : but to denote Kt.ra/ mix- 
 ing, the abl. alone is preferred. O'mps. 
 (1) admisceo, consir. like preced., ex- 
 cepting that the dat. after it is used 
 in prose as well as verse: a kind of 
 root m.'d with milk, genus radicis lacti 
 (sed al., lacte) admixtum, Caes. B. C. ?, 
 48 • to m up one kind of oratory with 
 another, alicui generi orationis alterum 
 odm., Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 200 : also with in 
 418 
 
 and ace, Plin. 26, 10, 66 (admixtis in 
 seminis hemiiiam resinae cochlearibus 
 duobus). (2) c mmibceo, 2 (to to. up 
 together ; admi.^ceo, to put one thing to 
 another): coiistr. same as simple verb, 
 except that cum more freq. follows with 
 the abl., anl that with the dative it 
 occurs rarely if at all: Cato: Cic. (3) 
 permisceo, 2 (rare in lit. sense) : v. to 
 MINGLE. (4) immisceo, 2 (to mix in 
 amovg.'it): v. to mingle. 2, tempero, 
 I (t(i mix fluids, esp. nine and water fur 
 drinking) : lo m. vinegar with himey, 
 acetum melle t., Plin. 14, I'J, 21 : to m. 
 brass ( the metals to form it), aes t., id. '], 
 56, 57 5 I9"7 : cf. Hor. Od 1, 20, extr. 
 (tenipeiare pocula). 3. confundo, liidi, 
 sum, } (to mix well toyetker : rare in 
 this sense) H.>r. S. 2, 4, 67. 
 mix up : i. e. to involve in or with : 
 
 1. admisceo, 2 so as not to to. me 
 up with (the aff'air). ne me admisceas, 
 I'er. Heaut. 4, i, J5: v. to implicate 
 (1). 2. insero, ui, rtura, } (with ace. 
 and dat.): to to. up the gods uith even 
 the most trifling things, minimis etiam 
 rebus ins. deos, Liv. 27, 23. init. See 
 also to interfere. 
 
 mixed (part, adj.): promiscuus (un- 
 distinguished); am. multitude, p. mul- 
 titudo, I'ac. A. 12, 7 : v. promiscudus, 
 INUISCRIMINATE. Also poet. mi.xtus, 
 commixtus, predicaiively, but not attri- 
 butively : V. to mix. 
 
 mixedly : promiscue : V. promis- 
 cuously. (Mlxtim, V. rare: Lucr.) 
 
 mixture : I. ™« oct_ or mode of 
 mixing: mixtura or mistura : Lucr.: 
 Plin. (Usu. better expr. by verb : v. to 
 MIX.) II. The cmnpound : 1, mix- 
 tura: Col. 7, s, fm. : M. L. 2. c""'- 
 positio (esp. in medical sense) ; Andrew's 
 TO., Andreae c, Cels. 6, 6. 16: Col. 1. c. 
 Also compositum medicamentum, Cels. 
 
 1. c. ^ 28. III. A combination of dif- 
 ferent qualities : e.\pr. by mixlus, tem- 
 peraius : his character uas a wonderful 
 m. of vigour and gentleness, esse mores 
 ejus vig'ire ac lenitate mixiissimos. Veil. 
 
 2. 9} (but the superl. is unusual) : a to. 
 of severity and affability, severitas co- 
 mitate mixta, cf. Plin. Ep 8, 21, init. : 
 or perh. belter, severitas coniiiate tem- 
 perata, coiidila, cf. (iierig, ad 1. Phr.: 
 by a strange m. if natural qualitirs, 
 mira diver.-,iiate naiurae, Tac. Ger. 15: 
 this TO. of virtues and vices, haec indoles 
 virtutum ac vitiorum, Liv. ii, 4,/»i. 
 
 mizzle: roro, i (only impers.): Varr. : 
 V. to driz/le. 
 
 mnemonics : si's memoriae, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, «6, j^i (Simonidem primum 
 ferunt artera memoriae protulisse, pio- 
 pounded a system of m.) : Quint. Also, 
 ariificium memoriae, Auct. Her. j, 16, 
 28 ; or, artihciosa memoria, ib. (Dis- 
 ciplina memoriae, Kr. ; but that phr. 
 includes the entire discipline of the 
 memory.) 
 
 moan (''■) •■ gi'mo, ingemisco : v. to 
 
 GROAN. 
 
 mOTn (subs.) : gemitus (flebilis, mise- 
 rabilis): v. groan. 
 
 moat: fossa (a trench, wet or dry): 
 V. ditch, trench. Or perh. euripus (a 
 sluice, canal) : cf. Suet. Caes. $9, (Circo) 
 in gyrum euripo addito, i e. a moat 
 being forrmed round the Circus : Plin. 
 min. 
 
 mob (subs.) : 1, turba (any con- 
 fused multitude) : the to of fickle Qui- 
 rites, mobllium t. Quiritlum, Hor. Od. 
 I, 1, 7: all the TO. of the Circus, omnis 
 Circi t., tjuint. i, 6, extr. : v. ruowD. 
 
 2. vulgus, i, n. (rarely to.) : i e.the 
 lower orders of society generally: the 
 wise man's judgment differs from that 
 of the m., sapientis judicium a judiiio 
 vulgi discrepat, Cic. Br. 5J, 198 : Hor.: 
 cf. Tac. A. 1, 18, init : v. rabble. 3. 
 promiscua multitudo[conglobata]: Tac. 
 A. 12, 7: also, simply multitudo: v. 
 MULTITUDE. 4. glObi's (a yrinip of 
 people generally): cf. Liv. 8, 52, med. 
 Phr.: to collect a m. of the vilest cha- 
 racters, deterrimum quemque congre- 
 gare, lac. A. i, i6. extr. : m.s of people 
 roamed about and ravaged the neigh- 
 
 bourhood, vagi (homines) circumjects 
 populabantur, ib. 21. init. 
 
 mob (".) •■ nearest single word, cir- 
 cumfundor, fSsus, j (jlock round) : he 
 ivas m.d as he leturiied himie, *domum 
 redeunti minaciter circumfiisa est mul- 
 tiiudo; circunifusus gloljus tontumelias 
 probraque ingerebant (v. to flock 
 rounu): cf. Liv. 8, 52, med., extrema 
 contio et circa Fabiura globus increpa- 
 bantinclemenieni dictatorera (R.and A.). 
 Phr. : they were m.'d, in eos multitudo 
 est versa, minaciter appellantes, et pro- 
 bra lis ingerentes, cf. Liv. 2, 2;, med 
 
 mobile : mobilis, e : V. fickle, e3& 
 
 CFTABLE. 
 
 mock ("•)•■ I. Trans. : 1. 11 
 ludo, si, sum, j : usu. with dat. : to m. 
 this unha/ipy man's troubles,hujns miseri 
 il. fortunes, Cic. K. Am. 19, 54; they vie 
 with each other in m.ing the captive, 
 certiint il. capto, Virg. Aen. 2, 64 : also 
 with in anil ace. : I'er. Eun. ?. 4, 20 (ut 
 ne iinpuiie in iios illuseris): Cic. Fig.: 
 of that which haulks, disappoints : Virg. 
 G. I, 181 (lum variae illudant pestes, 
 mock your toil). Lpss freq. elude : Cic. 
 Ac. 2, ?9, 125. 2. liidificor, i (to play 
 off tricks upon, moJ.e game of) .- he mocks 
 the people ivilh a show of hesitation, 
 plebem ficta ciinctatione ludiHcatur, 
 Tac. A. I, 46: to TO. openly, aperte I., 
 Cic. R. Am. 20, 55. The act. form, 
 ludifico, also occurs Cic. Quint, n, 54, 
 latitare et ludificare, to shuffle and play 
 tricks. 3. irrideo, si, sum, 2 (to i~idi- 
 cule, laugh to scoin) : with ace. .- you 
 come on purpose to to. your master, 
 veiiis ultro inisum dominum, PI. Am. 
 2, 1, 4; : to TO. the gods in jest, per jocum 
 deos ir., Cic. N. D. 2, }, 7. So derideo, 
 2: V. TO DERIDE. 4. lo be m.'d at, 
 
 esse IQdibrio Liv. 2, 2 ?, med. : v. mock- 
 ERv. See also to disappoint, delddb. 
 II, I n t r a n s. : to jest mockingly : 
 liido, i : Cic. N. D. ?, i, 2 : v. to jest. 
 
 mock (odj.) : simulatus, tictus, fuca- 
 tus: V. pretended, false (IL). 
 
 mocker: 1. irnsor: Cic. Par. i, 
 J. IJ- 2, derisor: Hor. S. 2, 6, 54: 
 
 Suet. (Or expr. by imperf. part, of 
 verbs under to MfX,K : L. G. $ 658.) 
 
 mockery: 1. irrisus, us; Irrlsio 
 (act of deriding or mocking at) : to 
 thrust out the tongue in to., linguam ab 
 irrisu exserere, Liv. 7, lo, med. : amidst 
 the to. (derision) of an audience, cum 
 irrisione audientium, Cic. Off. i, j8. extr. 
 2, liidilirium (act oj' mockery, also 
 object of it) : in m. of his trrothcr, ludi- 
 brio fralris, Liv. i, 7: in to., per ludi- 
 brium, Tac. A. i, 10 : Liv.: also ad lu- 
 dibrium, Liv. 45, j : to become an object 
 of TO., in ora hominum pro liidibrio 
 abire, id. 2, 26 med. : in sim. sense, 
 ludibriiim deliere (Gr. yeAiura o<b\cLp), 
 Hor. Od. I, 14, 16. 3. ludifitatio 
 (playing with, making ganne of): in 
 m. of the enemii, per I. hostis, Liv. 
 22, iZ, fin. (referring to the tactics ot 
 Fabius.) 4. c&villatio : in bitter to., 
 acerba c. (lioniinis). Suet. Tib. 57, extr. 
 5. derisus, iis : to be an object of 
 OT., derisui esse, Tac. Agr. 39 : Quint. 
 Alsoderisio: Arn. : Lact. 
 
 mocking (subs.) : Irrlsio, etc. : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 mocking (adj.) .- irrlsor, derisor (cf. 
 L. G. 5 ?98): V. MOCKER. Phr.: to. 
 cries, irridentiiim (illudentium) clamor: 
 cf. L. G. $ 6;8, obs. 2. 
 
 mockingly : per ludibrium, ab ir- 
 risu V. MOCKERY. 
 
 mock-sun: imago soils: Sen. N. Q. 
 I, II : where the Gk. term parelion is 
 also given : a pair of m.s, bina parelia, 
 duo tal a simulacra, ib. ij. Cf. N. U. 2, 
 5, 14, sol gemiiiaius. 
 
 modal, modality : *mQdalis, mSda- 
 
 litas : as t. tt. 
 
 mode : modus, ratio : v. manner. 
 
 model (subs.) : i. e. a pattern for 
 imitation : 1. proplasma, atis, n. (a 
 sculptor's m.): Plin. jj, 12, 4? (opp. to 
 the actual nmks, opera) : Cic. writes 
 the word as Gk., Att. 12. 41, ?. 2. 
 oxemplum, exemplar, aris, n. (anyVdng 
 employed to copy from or imitate) : to
 
 MODEL 
 
 MODESTLY 
 
 MOISTURE 
 
 transfer tlie trutli from a living m. tn 
 the mute repiesentalinn (of a painter^, 
 mutum in simulacrum ex aiiiinoli ex- 
 cmplo verituteiii trall^f^■rre, Cic. Inv. 2, 
 1,2: our cmnumicealth being stt fwth, 
 as a VI., exiKisiu ad exempliim nustra 
 rep., Cic. Kep. i, 46, fin. So wltli ex- 
 emplar . ex. propont-re oibi ad imiian- 
 duiu, id. Mur. }i, 66 the (litek m.s, 
 Graeca exemplaria, Hor. A. P 268. 3. 
 perh. forma . if. Cic. Kam. 2, 8, f. rei- 
 publicae, aedificii ; also Suet. Ner. 16, 
 init. ; bul the sense is pUin rather than 
 model. Also in works of art and craft, 
 forma is the mould, not the model : v. 
 MOULD. (.N'.B.— Typus [Kr.] is the ac- 
 tual Jigure, not tite model: In Plin. Jj, 
 12, 4J, the true reading is prostypa, i. e. 
 bas-reliefs, not prolypa [II. and A.]. 
 
 See alsOPATTERN.) 
 
 model (a<(7-) ■• P h r. : a m. school, 
 *ludus (schola) ad cujus normam ceterl 
 sunt Instittiendi (Kr): or expr. by ex- 
 emplum : *digna quae pro exemplo (ex- 
 emplari) habeatur; v. preccd. art. 
 
 model ("•)■' I. I'''- to m. a statue 
 in cUiij, proplasnia (not prutypura) ex 
 argilla fiiigere, cf. I'lin. j;, 12, 4? and 
 4$: cf. ib. 44 $ Iji, homlnis iinugineni 
 gypso (tn plast'-r) e facie exprimere. 
 ceramque in eani forniam infunderc; v. 
 MOi)KL. The art of m,.iiig, plastice, es: 
 Plin. 1. c. } i;i. II. In gen. sense- 
 
 expr. by exemplar (exeinpluni) ad Imi- 
 tandum proponere, Cic. Mur. ?i>66; or 
 by imiiari. v. to imitate. See also to 
 
 FASHION, SHAPE. 
 
 modeller : * proplasmatum artifex : 
 
 V. MODEL. 
 
 moderate {adj.) .• |. Kept within 
 
 due measure, temperate : 1. niSdi- 
 
 cus : by temperate eating and m. drink- 
 ing, tempinitis est-is niodicisque (xjtion- 
 ibus, Cic. Div. i, ;i, 11; . m. strictness, 
 m. severitus, id. Sni. 18, fni. : m. in 
 dress, in cultu mo<licus, I'lin. Ep. i, 
 22, 4. (N.B. — Modicus is chiefly used 
 of things, moderatus of persons and 
 things.) 2. nifidfiratus (tirought under 
 due restraint and omtrol) : to be m. in 
 both (respects), in utroque uioderatum 
 esse, Cic. Ph. 2, 16, 40: a m. st'ile of 
 habits and living, moderaius cultus 
 Htque viclus, id. \>iv. i, 29, 61 : m. ex- 
 citements of mind, moderatae perturba- 
 liones (strictly a contradiction in terms), 
 Id. Tusc. 4, 18, 42: m. prices, annona 
 moderata. Veil. 3. temp6ratus (like 
 moderatus : under due control, well- 
 regulated) : Cic: Hor.: v. tkmpkrate. 
 Cf. also supr. (1). 4. modestus 
 
 (having the passions didy in check ; 
 hence nearly = virtuous) : Join: frugi 
 et modestus, Cic. Fam. ij, 'jo; modestus 
 et prudens, ib. ij, 10, med. : v. modest, 
 viRTCOUS. II, Of a middle rate . 
 
 1. mediocris, e: v. middling. 2. 
 modicus: (a person) ofm. means, modi- 
 cus facultatibus, Plin. Kp. 6, }2, 2: to 
 walk at a m. pace, m. gradu ire, PI. 
 Poen. ?, I, 19: a m.-sized body (of his- 
 tory), m. corpus, Cic. Fam. 5, 1 2, 2. 3. 
 tgnuis, e (esp. with ref. to Jortune ; 
 when it denotes a lower scale than me- 
 diocris or modicus) : people of (but) m. 
 means, tenuiores, Cic. Leg. i, 10, 24. 
 
 moderate (k-) •■ I. To render less 
 severe : 1. tenipJro, i : the excess of 
 
 heat is m.d by the Etesian winds, Etesi- 
 arum flatu nimii teinperantur calores, 
 Cic. N. I). 2, 55, i?i : also, t. modum 
 alicujus rei, ib. i, 19, 49: Plin. 2. 
 
 mitigii, I : V. to mitigate. Phr. : as 
 the cold became more m., mitescente 
 hienie, frigore : v. mild (I.). ||. To 
 
 keep under check and (Oiitri>l : modCror, 
 fempero, i (usu. with dut.), coerceo, 2 
 (with ace.) : V. TO CONTROL, restrain. 
 Phr : ■arefully to m. one's pleasures, 
 diligenter tenere modum fruendae vo- 
 luplatis. Cic. Off. i, jo, 106 so. m. re- 
 tinere, ib. 29, extr. .- also, moderationem 
 in allqua re adhibere, Cels. j, 18, mfd.: 
 Cic: V. MODERATION. |||. To preside 
 over a meeting : praesum, irr. : v to 
 
 PRESIDE. 
 
 moderately: I. in due measure : 
 1. moderate . Cic. : Caes. Join: placate 
 
 ei moderate [ferre], Cic. F.im. 6, i, mea. ; 
 nuxleste ac moderate Q.secundis rebus 
 uti], I,iv. }o. 42, ad fin. 2. mfjdesie 
 (without elation or excess 01 passion) : 
 to be m. liberal, m. muniticuiu esse, 
 llor. 8. I, 2, 50 : cf. supr. (I.). 3. lem- 
 pciate ■ to be m. toaim, l. tepere, Calo, 
 
 R. 1;. 69 Cic. : V. TKMPERATKLY. 4. 
 
 modice (in due measure) ; Cic. Sull. 2Q, 
 init. II. In a medium degree : 1, 
 iiiodlce : HI. rich, m. locnphs, Liv. j8, 
 14, nwd. : Cic. 2. mcdintriier : not 
 
 even a m. good speaker, lie m. quidem 
 diserius. Cic. de Or. i. 20. 91 : Caes. 
 3. t^nuiler (indiff'ermtly) : I'er. Ph. 
 I, 2, 95. Phr. m. abilities or skill, , 
 raediucritas, Cic. Ph. 2, i. 2 (in. Ingenil) : 
 Tac. 
 
 moderateness 1 1. mMus (mea- 
 moderation < sure or Um t) -. to 
 observe m. in anytliing, ni. alicujus rei 
 tenere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59, 144 : to keep 
 uithin m., m. retinern, Cic. Off. I, 29, 
 extr. : to exceed it, tinem et m. traiisire, 
 ib. ^ 102. 2. moderalio (the obser- 
 
 vance of due limits) ; to use m. in diet, 
 m. in cibo adhibere, CcL«. 3, 18, med.: 
 TO. in speecli, in dicendo in. nnxlestiaque, 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 5, init. Join- modeiatio 
 animi et aequitas, ib. Sen init. 3. 
 
 modestia (sobriety) : cf. Aurt. Her. j, 2, 
 extr., modestia est in animo coniinens 
 m/ideratio cupiditatum, i. e. mxleration 
 in the exercise of the passi'-ns. Join: 
 neque modum neque iiiodestiam [ha- 
 bere], Sail. Cat II. 4. temperantia 
 (self-control) : t. temperance. 5. 
 
 mCdiocritas (the mean betivem too much 
 and too little) : ct. Cia Off. i, 59, 140, est 
 adhibendus modus, ad mediocritateni- 
 que revocandus: v. mean. Phr.: m 
 TO., mediocriter, modice, moderate (v. 
 MODERATELY) : " itiiout TO., immoderate, 
 
 etc. (v. niMODFRATELY). 
 
 moderator: qui praeest; v. pre- 
 sident. 
 
 modem: recens, litis: Cic. Mur. 8, 
 i'7, where hi rectntes (modern men) are 
 opposed to illi antiqui (the ancients) : 
 in more to. times, receiitiore memoria, 
 id. N. D. 2, 2, 6 . TO. %vritt-rs, ingeniosi, 
 quos recentior aetas tulii scriptores, 
 Ruhnk. in Kr. : to. history, recentiorum 
 teniporum hisioria, i- r. : or simply, *re- 
 centior historia, opp. to aiitiqua. I'll r. : 
 m. languages, linguae quae hodie sunt 
 in usu et ore [politissimorum populo- 
 rum], Kichst, in Kr. ; *quae hodie fe- 
 runtur linguae. Sometimes novus may 
 serve (v. new): and to denote mndetn 
 Latin. Du Cange employs the phr. in- 
 finia Latiiiiias. (N.B. — Modernus, from 
 modo, occurs in Cassiodonis, a writer of 
 the 6th cent. ; but is by all means to be 
 avoided.) 
 
 modernize : P h r. : ad nova exempla 
 componere, ad hujus aeUitis morem com- 
 ponere, R. and A. (e Sen.) : •reeentioris 
 aetatis (recentiorum teniporum) normae 
 accomniodiire - v. modfrn, 
 
 modest ' I. Moderate : mediocris, 
 niOdicus: v. moderate. Phr.: my m. 
 abilities, mediocritas nostra. Veil. 2, iii. 
 II, Having a proper sense of shame : 
 1, verOcundus : a young man ought 
 to be TO., decet v. esse adolesientem, PI. 
 As. 5, I, 6 not over m., non nimis v., 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 88, ?6i : Hor. 2. piidens, 
 mis (not to be distinguished from pre- 
 ced.) : a m. and virtuous S'ti, p. el pro- 
 bus filius, Cic. Verr. ?, 69, 161 : the 
 mark of a m. m.ind, animi p. signum, 
 Per. Heaut. i, i, 68: Hi>r. Also pudi- 
 bundus (intensive) ; the to. (and blui:h ing) 
 matron, p. matrona, Hor. A. P. 2? J. 3. 
 niMestus (properly in wider .sense, v. 
 moderate, 1., 4) : the sense of shame 
 proper to a nuist to. (and virtuous) youth, 
 modesiissimi adol^scenluli pudor, Cic. 
 PI. II, 2'7. Join (miilier) pudens, 
 niodcsta (m^Ust and virtuous), Ter. 
 Hec. I, 2, 90. 4, pudicus (only with 
 ref. to sexual purity) : v. chaste. 5, 
 deniissus; v unassuming. (N.B.— Of 
 the alx>ve, pudens alone is capable of 
 being u-'ed in b;id sense : cf. pudens 
 pr:ive, Hor. A. P. 88.) 
 
 modestly : 1. vgrgcundg : Cic. . 
 
 l-i^- 2. pildenter: Cic. GeU. S, 
 niodeste (rare in this sense): to look-tn. 
 upon the gruuiid, terrain iiitii'-ri m., Ter. 
 tun. J, 5, }2 : Ov. H. r. 19 (20). 5 j 4, 
 
 pildiCg: V. CHASTELY. (Comp. MODE.St. 
 T..ROCGHOCT.) 
 
 modesty : 1. piidor (sentf of 
 
 shame): opp. lo petulantia. Cic. Cat. t, 
 II, 2?: SjIL 2. v6r5iundia (almost 
 
 always in good sense ^ wlieie.-is pudor is 
 ofien simjily .'Aam«, q v.)- ■ I.Cic. Kep. <, 
 4: TO. iti asl.-ing, v. in rogando, id. y. Fr. 
 {. I, i. Join: pudor ac vi-recundia, 
 Cic. Fin. 4, 7, 18. 3. pu'lidtia (sexual 
 purity) : v. (HASTirY. Join: pudor, 
 piidicitia. Sail. Cat. 12. 4. rubor, 
 
 oris (lit. blu.'^hitig) : lo shoo- one's proper 
 feeling and m., ingenuilat'ni ei r. suum 
 praestare. Cic. de Or. 2, 59, extr .- Suet, 
 Phr.: t" lay aside one't to, os pe' fi icare, 
 Cic. Tusc. i. 18,41 ; froniem perfrlcare. 
 Marl. II, 2";, 7 (where pndonrnque 
 ponere is added): in sim s-nse. frontls 
 ad urbanae aescendere praemla, Hor. 
 Kp. I, 9, II: what m. om that man 
 hover quod tandem est os illlus. . ..' Cic. 
 de Or. I, 58, 175 (=iquae verecondlu est, 
 Liv. 21, 14, cut fin). Phr.: wlh false 
 m.. prave pudens, Hor A. P 88 
 
 modicum : paulum, paululum : T 
 little (.■■ubs.). 
 
 modification; evpr. byverb: v. to 
 modify. See :dso alteration. 
 
 modify : immCito, demuto, etc. : r. 
 
 To ALTKK. 
 
 modifying (adj.) : expr. by verb : v. 
 
 TO MODIFV. 
 
 modulate ; Phr.: to m. the voice, 
 vocem flectere. Quint. 4, 2, ?9 : cf. id. 
 II, ;, 41, sonum pronuntiando flectere. 
 (N.B. — Not modulor in this sense : cf. 
 yuint. 9. 4, ?i, which pa.ssage shows ihat 
 it denotes the musical arrang- ment of 
 words, not a iianner of speaking them). 
 
 modulation ; 1. flexio : delicate 
 
 m.s in Singing, molliores (et dellca- 
 
 tiores) in <antu fl., Cic. de Or. j, 25, 98. 
 
 2. flexus (vocis) Quint, i, 10, 22. 
 
 (Not modulatio: cl. preced. art.) 
 
 Mohammedan: v. Mahometan. 
 
 moiety: dimidia pars; semis: v. 
 
 HALF. 
 
 moil : ^- TOIL. 
 
 moist: 1. humldus (c/wr^eJ tn<A 
 water) • 7U. soil aiiii climate, h. solum 
 et coelum. Col. 4, 19 : Cic, ; v. wet, 
 WATERY. Somen hat so, subhumidus 
 Cels. In same sense, hiimens (chiefly 
 poet.) : Ov. : Virg. . Suet. 2. "dus 
 
 (actually wet: cf. Sen. N. Q. 2, 2,, hu- 
 midae [nubes], immo udae : both this 
 and foil, word chiefly poet.) : m. Tivoli, 
 u. Tibur, Hor. Od. i, 24, 6 : a m. signet. 
 u. gemma, .luv. i, 68 (i.e. netted fm 
 sealing) : Ov. 3. iividus (tOf< and 
 
 dripping): PI. Hor. : Ov.: v. drenched. 
 4, madfdus (soaked, di ippmg or 
 streaming) : Cic. : Ov. v. drenched. 
 Also niadens (in same sense- poel. and 
 lafte) : Lucr. : Virg.. Tac. (Both niadi- 
 dus and madens are also used = soaked, 
 intoxicated: cf. PL Aul. J, 6, J7 : SueL 
 Cl. ?}.) Phr. : to 6« TO., bumorem ha- 
 bere, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 145 
 
 moisten ; 1. humecto, l (found 
 chiefly in ihe poets and later writers) . 
 to m. the cheeks nith tears, lacrimis h 
 ora genasque, Lucr. I, 919 to m. the 
 lamb's mouth by squ'czing the tn-easts. 
 OS agni papiUis pres-sis h., Col. 7, ?, post 
 niecL 2. hiimf facio, J (v. rare) ■ IjiCt 
 Ir. 10, ad med. : Plin. 3. figo, i (to 
 TO. plentiful 1 11): V. TO WATER (Or 
 expr. by circuml., to to. a ring, annulum 
 udum facere, v. jioist). 4. irroro, i 
 (by gently sprinl.Ung or droftping): to 
 m. (<( sore) wittt a .sponge or wool, 
 spongiii vel lana i.. Cels. ', 19. ad fin. 
 To become m.d. humescere, Virg. <J. j, 
 III Plin. 
 
 moisture: 1. humor: m..':t'oling 
 over (an object) from intiioul. h. alla|isus 
 e\trinse( us, Cic. Div. 2, 27. ?8 of teart, 
 Hor. Od. I, It, 6; sal-va, Ov. M 6. 554 
 (caret os biimore loqiieniis) 2 expr 
 hy humidus the more m. there is in 
 Vie soil, quanto humidius est solum, 0)1 
 4, 19 . esp. as part, gen., not a partich 
 479
 
 M O 1, A It 
 
 MONEY 
 
 MONOLOGUE 
 
 of m., *nibil omnino humidi, cf. L. G. 
 <f 270. 3. ros, roris, to. (a dew-like, 
 gmtly-distilling m. : poet.) ; m. of tears, 
 1. lacrimarum, Ov M. 14, 708: cl. Vira. 
 Aen. 6, 229, spargens rore levi e{ ramo 
 felicis olivae, i. e. unth a gentle dewy 
 m. : Hor. (N.B.— No such word as hu- 
 miditas.) 
 molar : (dens) ggnulnus ; molaris 
 
 V GRINDER (II.). 
 
 molasses : perh. *sacchari faex v. 
 
 TRKACLK. 
 
 mold : V. MOULD. 
 
 mole : |, ^ mound or massive 
 
 worh: 1. moles, is. /'. (any massice 
 pile) ; m.s thrown out into the sea, jaciae 
 in altum m., Hor. Od. ;, i. J4 often of 
 dams, breahvuters : cf. Cic. Off. 2. 4, 14, 
 oppositae fluctibus m. : Caes. 2. pi'a 
 Crare) Vitg. Aen. 9, 711. 3. agger ■ 
 V. MOUND. II, A mark on the body : 
 naeviis : Cic. N. D. 1 , 28. 79 : Hor. 
 />iTOira. naevulus, Gell. |||, The ani- 
 mal : talpa, ae, /. (rarely m., Virg. G. 
 I, i8j): Cic: Plin. (Talpa vulgaris, 
 Linn.) 
 
 molecule ; perh. particula : v, par- 
 
 TrC'LE. 
 
 molehill : perh. grumulus talparum ; 
 acervus a talpis excitus. P h r. : to make 
 vuiuntains of m.s, *omnia in majus ex- 
 tollere; vel minimis impedinieniis de- 
 terreri. 
 
 molest : vexo, i (to harass or annoy 
 in any way) : soUicitu, i (to disquit:t) • 
 V. TO HAKASS. A'ot to m., abslinere ab 
 . . ., Liv. 21, 6, med. : also, abstinere in- 
 juriam ab..., id 42, 26, med. 
 
 molestation : vexatio ; m. and in- 
 sults, V. ct Cdiuumeliae, Liv. j8, 59, fn. 
 Or expr. by verb: v. preced. art. 
 
 mollification : expr. by mollio : V. 
 
 TO MOI.LIFT. 
 
 mollify ; mollio, 4 (both lit. and 
 fig.) to m. anger, iram m., Liv, i, 9, 
 ad fin. : Cic: v. to softkn, mitigate. 
 Also, in same sense, emollio, 4 : Liv. : 
 Ov. 
 
 molten (j>art. and adj.) : j. In a 
 meltetl state- 1. liquefactiis: m.lead, 1. 
 plumbum, Virg. Aen. 9, 588 : m. stones, 1. 
 saxa, id. G. 1,47 J. 2. liqnidii.-. (poet.) : 
 Hor Od. I, ?5, 20 (1. pluiiibuni). 3. 
 
 fusilis, e (poet.): Ov. M. 11, 126 (of the 
 water which turns to flowing gold as 
 Midas drinks it). ||, Formed by melt- 
 ing or easti7ig : 1. fiisilis, e (rare) : 
 a VI. (image of a) goil, f. numen, Prud. 
 2. fiisOrius (also rare) : of m. xmrk, 
 f. opere, Vulg. Ex. xxxii. 4. 3. con- 
 
 flatilis, e (also rare) ; a m. calf, vitulus 
 c, Vulg. 1. c : Prud. Or expr. by aeneus, 
 aureus, etc. . v. brazen, golden, etc. 
 
 moment : I. importance : mo- 
 
 mentum: esp. in such phr. as magno, 
 inaximo m. esse : v. importance (1.). 
 II. A very brief space of time : 1, 
 punctum temporis : at the very same m., 
 p. temporis eodem, Cic. Sext. 24, 53 : in 
 a m., temporis puncto, Caes. B. C. 2, 2; : 
 also puncio horae, Hor. Ep. 2. 2, 172. 
 (N.B. — Punctum temporis strictly im- 
 plies no duration of time at all ; whereas 
 momentum temporis usu. does.) 2. 
 momentum (not in Cic): usu. with 
 horae, temporis: in a m., momento tem- 
 poris, Liv. 21, Ji.med. ■ horae momento, 
 Hor. S. I, I, 8 : but also simply mo- 
 mento, Sen. N. Q. j, 27, ? (parvo mo- 
 mento, Caes. B. C. 2. 6 = by a very short 
 interval of tirM). Phr.: (I), m a m., 
 i. e. presently, statim, confestim v. rM- 
 mediatklt. (2). for a m.. a few m.s, 
 parumpcr, pauUisper : for the difference 
 between these, see little, adj. (Phr.). 
 (3). to the m.. i. e. the very m., ad 
 tempus, Cae.«. B. G. 4, 2?. (4). at this 
 very to., nunc qutim maxime (also as one 
 word, quummaxime): I'er Ad. 4, i, 2: 
 at the very m. of his thus speaking, haec 
 quum maxime loqueretur, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 54, 142. Sometimes moment = tiTne : 
 esp. in such phrr. as a favourable or 
 uifavourable m., tempus opportunum, 
 adversum ; at so critical a to., tali tem- 
 pore ; at tlie very m., ipso tempore : v. 
 
 TIME. 
 
 momentarily: statim, continue: v. 
 480 
 
 immediately. Phr,- Caesar uas to. 
 expected to arrive, Caesar adventare jam 
 jamque adesse credebatur, cf. Caes. b. C. 
 I, 14 (the frequent, adventare in part 
 expresses the idea, and in pan the re- 
 peated adverb). 
 
 momentary ; brevis, brevissimus : 
 V. buief, short. (Momentarius, mo- 
 mentaneus, without authority.) More 
 precisely, expr. by punctum s. momentum 
 temporis ■ a m.joy, ■•gaudjum quod mo- 
 mento s. puncto temporis peril. 
 
 momentous ; magni s. maximl mo- 
 ineuti ; also simply magnus or maxl 
 mus : V, impobtaut. 
 
 momentousness : gra vitas v. im- 
 portance. 
 
 _ momentum ; nearest word, impetus, 
 us: cf. Lucr. 4, 904, quantovis impete 
 (= impetu) ire (of a ship) ■ also Caes. 
 H. G. J, 8, in magno impetu maris atque 
 aperto. 
 
 monachism : expr. by monSchus : 
 a treatise mi iii., *liber de monachorum 
 ordinibus, institutis, moribus scriptus. 
 (Monachicus, monachismu.s without au- 
 thority.) 
 
 monad: mOnas, adis,/.: Macr. Som. 
 Scip. 1,6: Leibn. 
 
 ^ monarch ; rex, princeps • v. king. 
 Sometimes tyrannus (an irresponsible, 
 absolute m.) may serve: cf. Ov. M. i, 
 276, where the term is applied to the m. 
 of the vaters, Aeptune: and Hor. Od. j, 
 }, 5, has dux inquieti turbidus Hadriae, 
 boisterous m. of the restless Adriatic 
 (Auster). Tobe m., regnare : v. to keios. 
 
 monarchical : regius : a m.fm-m of 
 govtnvmmt, genus reipublicae regium, 
 Cic. Rep. I, J5; r. respublica, ib. 42: 
 defined, ib. 26, thus: quum penes unum 
 est omnium summa rerum, Regem ilium 
 unum, vocamus, et regnum ejus rei- 
 publicae statum. (Regalis = jrroper to, 
 ivorthy of a king.) Phr.: they are 
 undo- a to. form of government, reg- 
 nantur, I'ac. Ger. 44 (=regibus parent) : 
 unus imperitat (lis), ib. 44. 
 
 monarchy ; regnum : Cic ; V. pre- 
 ced. art. : more precisely, unius domina- 
 tus, id. Rep. i, 28. Phr.: the original 
 form of government uas m., princlpio 
 rerum, gentium nationumque imperium 
 penes reges erat, .lust, i, init. : conip. 
 preced. art. 
 
 monastery : 1. monasterlum : 
 
 Aug. : Hier. : M. L. 2. coenobluni 
 
 (Gr. Koivo^iov): Hier. Phr.: to enter 
 a m., *monachls adscribi ; inter mona- 
 chos adscisci. 
 
 monastic : monastgrialis, e : Sid. 
 (Or expr. by yen. pi. of monacbus, coeno- 
 blta, etc. : v. monk, monastery.) 
 
 Monday : *dies lunae. 
 
 money ; 1. pEcunia (most gen. 
 term : denoting either mxmey generally 
 or a sum of m.) : fatal m. (personified), 
 funesta p., ,Iuv. i, iij: ready m., prae- 
 sens p., PI. Capt. 2, 2, 3 ; also, nunierata 
 p., Cic. Top. I J, 5} : o large sum of m., 
 grandis «. magna p., Cic. (v. large, 1, 
 2) : to nuike m., p. facere, Cic. Div. 1, 
 49, fin. (so, rem facere, Hor. Ep. i, i, 
 65): the pi. denotes sums of m. : to 
 exact, levy sums of to., pecimias exigere, 
 imperare, Cic. in Pis. 16, j8. 2. 
 
 numus or nummus (strictly, a piece of 
 TO., a coin ; but freq. in gen. sense, esp. 
 of ready money) : to have plenty of 
 (ready) to., in suis n. multis esse (opp. 
 to, in aere alieno esse), Cic. Verr, 4, 6, 
 II: to have in ready m. (" cash "), in 
 numis habere, id. Att. 8, 10: the value 
 of m. fluctuated, jactabatur temporibus 
 illis immus, id. Off. }, 20, 80. (N.B.— 
 As numus denotes properly a single 
 piece of mo7tey, grandis numus would 
 denote not a large sum of money, but a 
 large-sized coin.) 3. mbneta (money 
 as coined) : false or counterfeit m., falsa 
 m., Plin. }}, 9, 46 : old and new m., m. 
 prisca, nova, Ov. F, i, 222. 4. ar- 
 
 gentum (silver money : also in gen. 
 sense) : he paid down the m. on the spot, 
 a. annumeravit illico, Ter. Ad. j, j, 1; : 
 Hor. (N.B. — Not so in common prose.) 
 5. aes, aeris, n. (money being ori- 
 ginally copper : rare) ; to buy with one's 
 
 own m., aere emere sno, Ter. Ph. j, 2, 
 26: also pi. = sums of to., Hor. A. P 
 J45. (Not in Cic; for aes circunifora- 
 Ileum, Alt. 2, 1, 9, is a playful expression, 
 formed tor contrast with aesCorinthium : 
 nor in Liv., except in strict sense, the old 
 copper coinage.) 6. aurum (poet.) . 
 Virg. : Hor, f, pretium (price paid 
 down : often in bad sense, a bribe) : U> 
 buy pi-ontises with ready m., spem prelio 
 emere, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 11 : worth any m., 
 quantivis preti, ib. 5, 2, 15: Cic: v. 
 BRIBE. 8. sumptus, us (ca^pense : also, 
 money laid out or to be laid out) : to 
 keep (a son) sparingly supplied with to., 
 sumptum exigue praebere, Ter. Heaut. 
 
 I, 2, }}: v. EXPENSE, OUTLAY. Phr.: 
 
 relating to to., pecuniarius, numarius : 
 questions dealing with to., quaestiones 
 pecuniariae, (juint. 12, i, 26: Cic: em- 
 barrassment in TO. matters, difiBcullas 
 rei numariae, Cic. Verr. 4, 6, 11: Dig. : 
 le.ss freq. argenlariiis (esp. when refer- 
 ence is made to banking concerns) : care 
 for m.matters, argentarla cura, Ter. Ph. 
 5, 6, 46 (5, 7, J) : having (much) to., 
 pecuniosus, numatus (v. moneyed) : prov. 
 TO. makes the man, dat census honores, 
 Ov, F. I. 217 : cf. Hor. S. 2, 5, 8, et genus 
 et virtus, nisi cum re, vilior alga est: 
 that may be had for m., venalis, Sail. 
 Jug. 55, extr. 
 
 money-bag: fiscus: Phaedr. : 2,7,2: 
 Cic. 
 
 broker : v. banker. 
 
 ohinger : numularius : Suet 
 
 Gal. 9: Vulg. Job. ii. 14. 
 
 - lender : feii6iator : v. usorep.. 
 P h r. : to 6e a to., fenus exercere, Suet. 
 Vesp. I. 
 
 making; quaestus, iis: v. gain, 
 
 TRAPFII.". 
 
 market: numus (melon.): cf. 
 
 Cic. Off. J, 20, 80 • v. MONEY (2). See 
 
 also MARKET. 
 
 wort : *niimiilaria : Withering. 
 
 moneyed: 1. pecuniosus: a m. 
 man, homo pecuniosus, pecuniosissimus. 
 Cic. Ven-. 5, 9, 2} : Suet. 2. (bene) 
 numatus : Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 59 : Hor. See 
 also RICH. 
 
 moneyless : sine pecunia, inops. 
 
 mongrel: hibrida or hybrlda; bige- 
 nerus (adj.) : v. hybrid. 
 
 monition : monitio, monltum : v 
 ADMONITION. Phr.: the m.s we re- 
 ceive, ea quae admonemur: v. to ad- 
 monish. 
 
 monitor : I. One who points out 
 
 faults: 1, monitor: Hor. Ep. i, 18, 
 
 67 : more fully, monitor officii. Sail. Jug. 
 85, post init. : Ter. 2. perh. admoni- 
 tor : cf. Cic Fam. 9, 8, where adm. de- 
 notes a person sent to remind another of 
 a promise. 3. expr. by verb: listen 
 to the voice of the invard m., con- 
 science, *conscientiae, intus monenti, 
 aures praebe. See also adviser. ||. 1" 
 a school : "monitor (quem ludi magistri 
 appellant); discipulus ceteris praepositua. 
 
 monk: 1. mOnachus: "the hood 
 
 makes not the to.," cucullus non lacit 
 monachum, Prov. : Sid. 2. coenSbita. 
 ae, m. . Hier. 
 
 monkery ; a contemptuous phr. : 
 *monachorum nugae. 
 
 monkey : simia, ae, / ; Plin. 8, 54, 
 80 : Cic. As term of contempt, Coel. in 
 Cic. Fam. 8. 12, med.: PI. The form 
 siraius also occurs, Phaedr. i , 10, 6 : Hor. 
 (The Gk. dimin. pithecium. i. e. ttiStj- 
 Kiof, only in PI. Mil. 4. i, 42.) 
 
 monkshood ; aconitum : V. Dr. 
 .SmithV liict. s. v. 
 
 monkish: gen. of mOnachus, sing, 
 or jJ. 
 
 monody : *m6nodia (Gt. jnor'wSt'a) 
 a male or female singer of m.s, mono- 
 dlarius, monodiaria: v. Lai. Diet. s. w. 
 
 monogamy : mOnogamla : Hier, : 
 Ten. 
 
 monogram : mSnogramma, atis, n. : 
 Paul. Nol. 
 
 monograph ; perh. libellus (any 
 single treatise or work): more precisely, 
 libellus de una quadam re scriptus. 
 
 monologue : *m6n616gia : or nse 
 Gk. word, /uoroAoyui.
 
 MONOMANIA 
 
 MOODY 
 
 MORAL 
 
 monomania ; nearest word insaiiia : 
 U>IMvt a lit., *una quadam de re iiisanire. 
 
 monopolist : mOnOpola, ae, m. : 
 Capel. (= qui Jus munopuUi habet). See 
 
 also FOR^iTALLKR. 
 
 monopolize : I. ^o buy up goods 
 so as tu ci'iniiuind the entire market : 
 perh. oiniprimo, j : v. to FORi-iiTALL 
 (U.)- II. '" t^zercise a moni'poly by 
 ffrivilege: iiKmopolium exercere (U. and 
 A.); m- habere (Fore): v. monopoly. 
 III. To take up the whoU of any- 
 thing : P h r. : he unshes to m. tlie 
 ionversation, 'solus audiri vult ; quasi 
 monupiilium quoddam sermonis slbl ar- 
 rogat . he dues not wish to m. the time, 
 *haudquaquam totum sibi tempus con- 
 cedi [Kjstulai (rem lotara sibi vindicare, 
 K. and A.). 
 
 monopoly : monOpolium ; Suet. Tib. 
 ioand -ji : i'lin. liui unle.ss a defined 
 priviUgi be denoted. e.\pr. by phr. ; the 
 gooemmevt has a m. of the postal traffic, 
 •tabellariusquaestus totusest publicus; 
 nemini privato licet quaestum ex re 
 tabellaria f.icere. 
 
 monosyllabic; tnOnOsyilabus : esp. 
 neut.pl. uiunu.--yllaba, m. awcts, (.^uint. 
 c, 4, 42 : Ails. 
 
 monosyllable : mSnSsyllabum or 
 -on {sc. verlnim): Aus. id. 12: (juiiit. 
 
 monotheism : expr. by unus Deus : 
 T. foil. art. 
 
 mpnotheist S Phr.: tlie Jews were 
 the fist mjs, *Judaei priuii iJeum unum 
 ac solum esse credebant. 
 
 monotone: *ni6n6l6nia: yuint. 11, 
 3, 45, vitenius igilur illam, quae < iraece 
 ftovoTovia dicitur, unaquaedam spiritus 
 ac soni irileiitiii. 
 
 monotonous: I. L i t., of voices, 
 notes, etc. : 'unum sonum babens : Kr. 
 Phr.: the m. cooing of doves, *lurturum 
 gemitus lentus atque aequalis, cf. Liv. 
 24,46,^7!. II. F \g.: tvantiny variety : 
 Phr. : a m. speaker, qui omnia similiter 
 ctque uno modo dicit, Cic. Br. 66. Z} ; ; 
 •cujus oratio lenta ac paene putida 
 aequabililalp est. Comp. monotone. 
 
 monotonously; slmililer atque uno 
 modo : V. preced. art. 
 
 monotony . i- e. wearisome simi- 
 larity : 1' h r. : avoid m. of delivery, 
 •cave ne omnia quasi uno tenore pronun- 
 tientur; there is a m. about his poetry, 
 •carmina ejus nimis lenta aequabilitate 
 fluunt, cf. Cic. Or. 16, 5? (ingrato quo- 
 dam tenore fluunt, Kr. : better perh., 
 nimis aequabili tenore laborant) ; 'desi- 
 deratur in carminibus ejus grata quae- 
 iann varietas, Kr, See also monotone. 
 
 monsoons ; no known word : perh. 
 *\enti (q\iidam) semestii tempore al- 
 t»-mantes, qui Jlonsones appellantur. 
 
 monster : I. -An animal unna- 
 turally formed : iianus portentosus, 
 monstrosus, prodigiosus : cf. Cic. Div. 2, 
 28, init. si quando aliqua portentosa aul 
 ex pccude aui ex homine nata dicuntur : 
 also Lucan. i, 562, nmnstrosi honiiniim 
 partus numeruque moduque niembro- 
 nini • and yuinl. i, i, 2, corpora prodi- 
 giosa et nion^tris insignia. ( The phr. 
 pecuduni Imminunique portenta. Cic. 
 N. I>. 2, 5, 14, is to<i general ; as it would 
 include such phenomena as an ac speak- 
 ing. He.) II. Any horrible creature : 
 1. nionstrum- Virg. Aen. 5,658 (rf 
 Poli/phemus) : a m. of a nuin (term of 
 abuse), m. hominis, Ter. Kun. 4, 4, 29 : 
 avutst horrible and shocking m. (abuse), 
 imnianissimum ac loedissimura ni., Cic. 
 in Pi<. 14, init. 2. portentum : in lit. 
 sense, Hor. Od. i, 22, 1} (the wolf): 
 Fig.: ms of the commonwealth, por- 
 tentii reipubUeae(Gabinius et I'iso), Cic. 
 prov. Cons, i, 2. 3. prodigiuni (less 
 irt',1. in this sense): the threefold m. 
 VGoryon), p. triplex, Ov. II. 9." 91 : cf. 
 infr Join- portentum prodigiumque 
 reipublicae (Clodius), Cic. in Pis. 4, 9. 
 4. belua (bellua) • any huge mon- 
 strous creature: cf. Ov. M. I}, 917, non 
 ego prodigium, nee sum fera belua 
 (tilaucus to Galatea) : a fierce and 
 savage m., fera et immanis b., Cic. Ac. 
 2, J4, 108 so, b. vasta et immanis, id. 
 Div. 1, 25, 49. Fig. . a m. of a-uelty, 
 
 immanis b.. Id. Verr. 5, 42, 109. Abound- 
 ing in m.s, beluosus (Oceanus), Hor Od. 
 + >+ 47 
 monstrosity : monstrum, etc : v, 
 
 .MO.N.--TKK. 
 
 monstrous : I. Misshapen and 
 
 UTiiiatuial : monstrosus (munstruosus), 
 portentosus, proiligiosus : v. Moss'rKR 
 (1) II. RevoUiiiy to reason : porten- 
 tosus (rare in this sense) • what can be 
 more m. than this (statement), quo quid 
 fieri portentosius potest.' Sen. Kp. 8T. 19. 
 Ph r. : for it is m. to assert, nam illud 
 veheraenter rectae rationi repugnat, cf. 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 26, •)•}: what so m. can be 
 said or conceived, quid tam perversum 
 [praep<jslerumve] dici. aut excogltari 
 potest, ill. Ilab. Post. I J, J7. 
 
 monstrously; 1. monstr6se(mon- 
 struose) : Join: tam praepostere, tam 
 incondite, tam monstrose [cogitare], Cic. 
 l>ir. 2, 71, 146. 2. prodTgiallter : 
 
 Hor. A. P. 29 (prodigiosc, I'lin. 1 1, J7, 
 80 = in the way of a portrnt). 3. 
 praepostgre (lit. hindforemost) : ». supr. 
 (1). Sometimes ^ exceeding///, iiwre- 
 dibly : q. v. 
 
 monstrousness r exp""- by adj. : 
 what can exceeit the m. of this statement, 
 quo quid magis praeposterum dici po- 
 test .' V. MONSTROUS. 
 
 month ; 1. mensls, is m. : pass. 
 2. menstruum (a montldy period, 
 wliether beginning with the first day of 
 themmith t/rnot) : mym. enas Sept. i, m. 
 meum Kal. Sept. linitur, Plin. Kp. lo. 12 
 (24) I { : he continues, et seqneus mensis 
 (i.e. Scptembris) complures dies feriatos 
 habet Lasting one m., menstnius (cf. 
 supr.) : in tlie space of a m., spatio men- 
 strjo, Cic. N. 1). I, }i. 87. Hence, 
 menstruum (subs.), a m.'s provisions 
 (= menstrua cibaria). Liv. 44, 2. Last- 
 ing six m.s, semestrls, e : Cic. : Caes. : 
 Liv. 
 
 monthly (idj^ .• 1, mcnstruus 
 (either, occurring every month ; or, 
 lasting a month) : m. interest, m. usura, 
 Cic. Att. 6, I, J : eclipses of the sun and 
 moon are not m., delectus soils et lunae 
 m. non sunt, Plin. 2, 10, 7 J 48. (For latter 
 sense, lasting a month, v. month.) 
 Specially, menstrua, orum, m. purga- 
 tions or courses. Plin. : Cels. : v. menses. 
 
 2. menstrualis, e (rare) : PI. Cap. 
 J, I, 22 (m. epulae). 3. expr. by 
 mensis : to hold ni. meetings, 'singulis 
 mensibus coeius habere. 
 
 monthly (ailv.) : singulis mensibus • 
 comp. DAILY (adv.). 
 
 monument ; 1, monijmentum 
 (anything which serves to preserve the 
 memory of a person or event) : esp. with 
 ref. to sepulchres : cf. Varr. L. L. 6. 6, 45 : 
 a m. more lasting than brass, ni. aere 
 perennius, Hor. Od. j, jo, i . cf. Cic. Sext. 
 67, init., L. Opimius, cujus monumentum 
 celelierrimum in foro est, with I>ong's 
 note. 2. cenotaphiimi (an empty 
 sepulchral m.) : Ulp. I'ig. 11, 7, 6 } i. 
 
 3. mausoleum (the splendid sejnil- 
 cliral m. raised by Mausolus : hence, 
 any spilendid tomb) . Plin. 56, 5, 4 } Jo 
 Suet. Vesp. 2). See also MEMORIAL. 
 
 monumental : expr. by m&numen- 
 
 tum : V. MONUMENT. 
 
 mood ; |. /■Vanw of mind (Germ. 
 muth) : expr by ar.imus, mens, some- 
 times with habitus such was the m. in 
 which people were at Rome, hie ciuidem 
 Romae habitus animorum fuit, Tac. A. 
 I, 8, init.: cf. ib. 4, init., repetendum 
 videtur . . . quae mens exercituum, quis 
 habitus provinciarum fuit. May oft. be 
 expr. by adj. : in merry m., hllaris, 
 laetus, laetabundus ; in melanchol y m., 
 tristis, aeger animi, etc. : v. tmiper, 
 MIND. II, In grammar : modus : 
 
 IVisc. • II. L. Ill, Jn logic: m6dus: 
 A Id rich. 
 
 moodiness: mSrosftas, tristUia: v. 
 
 PEEVISliNEiNS, II.L-TEMJ'EK. 
 
 moody ; 1. I>»'rh. morfisus (leo.v- 
 ward, hard to please) : cf. Cic. Si-n. 18, 
 65, morosi et anxii et iracundi et dififi- 
 ciles senes: v. peevish, morose. 2. 
 tristis. e (melancholy, gloomy): v. 
 
 GliKiMY. 
 
 2 1 
 
 moon • luna : full m.. I. pleui, Caes. 
 B.G. 4, 29: Plin. : Virg. : halfm., l.dliul- 
 diata. Cuio, K. R. n ; 1. dimidia. Plin. 
 18, }2, 7;; 1. intermen.-liua, id. 18. }2, 
 7? . new m., 1. nova, Plin. 8, 54. 80 (comp 
 Cato. R. R. 29, luna silenti, i. e. when 
 there is no m., before the cretcent ap- 
 pears) : Varr. R. R. i, 17 (not I. prima, 
 see the place) ; when the m. is waxing 
 or waning, luna crescente, decrescent*, 
 Plin. 18, j2, 7;: Col. 2. 15 and 16; tor 
 decrescens. also senescens, Varr. K. K. 
 I. ?7 : the hollow (or liomed) m., I. cava, 
 Plin. 8, 54, 70: curvuta in comua, ib. 2, 
 9, 6 : coniiculata, Apul. de Deo Socr, 
 init. : gibbous m., 1. protumida, ApuL 
 1. c. ; also, (?) sinuata in orbem, I'lin. 2, 
 9, 6: tlie m. when shining all night, 1. 
 peniox. Plin. 1. c. : the m. shines viOi 
 borrowed light, 1. lucet alii na luce, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 16 ; mutuata ab sole luce fulgel, 
 Plin. 1. c. ^ 4? : the (alternate) inciease 
 and diminution oftlu m.s light, avcretio 
 et deminutio luminis (lunae), Cic. Tusc. 
 I, 28, 68 : Xmojihan^s says the m. it 
 inhabited, babitari ait X. in luna, id. 
 Ac. 2, J9, 1 2 J. P h r. • the period bftween 
 two m.s (iihen tlie m. is not visible), 
 iniennenstruum tempus (or withont 
 tempus), Cic. Rep. i, 16: also, inter- 
 luiiium, Plin. 18, jl, 75 : the period of 
 full m., pknilunium, ib. ^ J2}: u night 
 when theie is no m., nox illunis, Plin. Kp. 
 6. 20, 14 : of the shape of am. (crescent), 
 lunatus : V. ci'.fjcent-shaped. 
 
 moonles3 : lUunis, e : V. MOON (fn.). 
 
 moonlight (subs.) : Imiae lumen 
 (lux): cf. Cic. Tusc. I, 28, 68. Usu. in 
 phr., by m., imminente luna, Hor. Od. 1, 
 4, 5; ad lunam, Virg. Aen. 4, 51} : cf 
 il). 6, 270, per incertam lunam [sub luce 
 maligna], i. e. by the fitful moonlight .- 
 or expr. by luceo, fulgeo (the latter de- 
 noting a full flood of light : 'tuas m. 
 with a cloudless sky, coelo fulgebat luna 
 sereno, Hor. Fpod. i;, i. 
 
 moonlight ("vij-): *(nox) luna illus- 
 tris ; v. Lii.iir, a^j. Phr.: it uas a 
 full m. night, luna pemox erat, Liv. 5, 
 28, med. 
 
 moonshine : i. e. something decep- 
 tive : pirh. somnium : cf. Ter. Ad 2,1, 
 50, deargento, somnium,a.«/or(//a.vtn^) 
 the money, that's all moonshine', cf. id. 
 Ph. i, 2, 8, sqq. fabulae ! somnia ! logi ! 
 See also nonsensk. 
 
 moonstruck : liinaticus (rare) : v. 
 lunatic. 
 
 moor (subs.) ; i. e. an open waste : 
 *loca patentia et ericis ceterisque berbis 
 obsita. 
 
 moor (v.) : i. e. to make fast a vessel 
 or floating body ; 1. rdligo. t . to m. 
 fhips by the shore, naves ad terrani ri I., 
 Caes. B. C. }, 15: so, rel. ab aggere 
 classem, Virg. Aen. 7, 106: Hor. 2. 
 deligo, 1 : to m. vessels by anchors, naves 
 ad ancoras d., Caes. B. (i. 4, 29: so, ad 
 terram, ad ripani r., id. B. C. }, i<), etc 
 (Religare should not be used to denote 
 mooring a vessel or other body to Uu 
 bed of the icater, which Is deligo.) 
 
 moor-ben: fuHca: Virg. G. I, }6} 
 (also lulex, icis, Cic. Uiv i, 8, 14 poeL). 
 
 moorings : P h r. : <o shift one's m., 
 ancoras tollere (to weigh anchor), ct 
 Varr. K. R. j, 17, init., where the phr. 
 is used fig. 
 
 moorland ; ▼. moor (subs.). 
 
 moot-point ; P h r. ; t< w still am., 
 adhuc .sub judice lis est, Hor. A. P. 78 
 or simply, ambigitur. Quint. 7, 2, " ; in 
 controverslam venit, ib. { 8. 
 
 mop (subs.) : perh. peniciilus (sf rlcily, 
 abrush): cf. PI. Men. i, i. I, juventus 
 nomen fecit mihi Feniculo. ideo quia 
 mensam detergeo. or, spongia (sponges 
 being used for similar purposes): v. 
 
 SPONGE. 
 
 mop ("•) ■■ detergeo, 1 {to sweep or 
 wipe clean) : cf. preced. art. 
 
 mope: Phr.. lacrimis ac tristiliae 
 se tradere. Luce, in Cic. Fam. s, 14 (not 
 colloq., as Kng.). 
 
 moping (I'ort. adj.)- tristis, moes- 
 
 tUS . V. GlJXiMY', SAD. 
 
 moral (<"'j.^ ■■ \, ReUCing to morals 
 or ethics : elbicus, mOralis: v. ETHiCoi. 
 481
 
 MORAL 
 
 MORE 
 
 MORNING 
 
 51, Conformed to what is right : 
 ,, sanctus {of irreproachable cha- 
 nirter) • {persons) of highly m. and 
 viinscienfioui iiature, iiatura sancti et 
 religiotsi, Cic. R. Com. i;, 44. Join 
 friigalissimi, saiiciissimi, Id. Fl. 29, -ji ; 
 neque iiitegrior neque sanctior, id. Off. 
 I. SJ. 229. 2. pr6bus ■ V UPRIGHT. 
 3. bgiig (melius, optime> moratus 
 '<jf good TO. character) : Join, probi, 
 bene morati, buiii viri, Cic. de Or. 2, 4J, 
 extr 4, emcndaius {J'ree from ble- 
 
 mish) : an tireprouchablii in. and ele- 
 vated chaiocter, viremendatiiset gravis, 
 Plin. Kp. ! J, ; . a person of more m. 
 life, homo eraendatioris vitae, Ulp. Dig. 
 4, J, 1 1. P h r. (a person) of a good m. 
 character, cujus probantur mores, insti- 
 tuta et vita, Cic I. c. init. See also 
 viRTUona III. Supported by reason- 
 able grounds, as opp. to demonstrable : 
 Phr it amounts to a m. certainty, 
 *veris!millimum est; tantum non ne- 
 cessario demonstratur ; v. probable, 
 
 KECK.SSAKV 
 
 moral (s^bs.) . \, Drift, application 
 of af able expr. by significare, pertinere, 
 etc. the m. of this fable is that . . , 
 liaec significat fabula . . . , Phaedr 2, 8, 
 27 n'hat is the m. of this story, bocquo 
 pertineat, id. ?, I, T the m. of this fable 
 is, ' handsome is that handsome does,' 
 nihil agere quod non prosit fabella ad- 
 munet, id. }, 17, ij. so with docere, 
 denionstrare, id. See also lesson. ||, 
 Only |)1., morals, as a dom liu of human 
 life : 1. mores, um, m. : ivhat avail 
 laws, powfrless without m.s, quid leges 
 sine muribus vanae proficiunt? Hor.Od. 
 J, 24, ?5 : to trtat nf hiimayi life (cha- 
 racter) and m.s, de honiinura vita et 
 moribus disputare, Cic. Br. 8. Ji (v. 
 CHABACTiiR) : under pretence of reform- 
 ing (piililij:) m.s, specie uiorum corrl- 
 gendoi um, Suet. Fib. 59 tlie supirvisvm 
 of m.s. piacactura morum, id. Caes. 76; 
 also, morum regimen, id, Aug. i"), fin. 
 See also ethics. (N.B. — Mores form 
 the subject matter of the scieiice called 
 ethice or philosuphia moralis.) 2. 
 
 officium (nujral duty): esp. pi.: what 
 thfy hare urritten on the suhject of m.s, 
 quae de ofiiciis tradita ab illis et prae- 
 cepta sunt, Cic. Off. i, 2, 4: comp. title 
 of Cic.'s wrork, De Offlcits . no precepts 
 in the field of to.s (duty, moral obliga- 
 tion), nulla officii praecepta. id. 1,2,;. 
 
 moralist : Qui de moribus (ofBciis) 
 praecepta tradit: cf. moral, subs. (U.). 
 Or perh. officii maglster, cf. Cic. Ph. 2> 
 j6, init. ; and sometimes, emendator 
 (one bent on reforming morals, etc.), 
 c£ ib. 17, ,/in. 
 
 moralize ; de vita, moribus, officiis 
 praecipere, disserere . v. moral, subs. 
 (II.). I'hr. : don't m., *ne oEBcii ma- 
 gistrum agas. 
 
 morally : \, in a moral point of 
 view: e.\pr. by mores: whilst our friends 
 should be m. free from blemish, quum 
 emendati mores amicorum sint, Cic. 
 Am. 17, i7iit. : or by adj., a m. irre- 
 proachable character, vir sanctissimus, 
 religiosissimus • v. moral, adj. (11.). 
 Phr: he has treated the subject m,. 
 rattier ttian historically, *magis id egit, 
 ut praecepta vitae ac morum traderet 
 quain ut hisloriam conderet. ||. [n 
 a way agreeable to morals: 1. sancte ; 
 V. irkei'roachably. 2. perh. emen- 
 date ■ cf. moral, adj. (II., 4). See also 
 viRTUODSLV III. According to rea- 
 sonable grounds of conclusion : Phr.: 
 it is TO. certain, *tantum non (= all but) 
 necessario coiicluditur ; paene neces- 
 sarta sequitur conclusio ; cf. Cic. Top. 
 15, extr., el sqq. 
 
 morass: paliis, udis,.f. .- v. marsh. 
 
 morbid : morbldus, morliosus : v. 
 diseased. (N.B. — The preced. not used 
 in mental sense.) P h r. it is a mark 
 of tlie most m. fastidiousness, est fas- 
 tidii delicatissirni, Cic. Fin. i, 2, ; (but 
 fastidium alone, denotes a morbid habit 
 of mind) : a TO. excess of grief , *immo- 
 dicu"^ moeror ac luctus et qui mentem 
 baud bene sanam arguat. 
 
 morbidly.' Phr.. m. particular, 
 482 
 
 morosus, Cic. Or 29, 104 (cf. Suet. Caes. 
 45, circa corporis caram iiMrusior) to 
 grieve m.. *tanquam vix mentis compos 
 lugere cf preced. art. 
 
 morbidness Pbr. there is a TO. 
 about this, *sunt haec mentis baud bene 
 sanasi mentem male aflectam arguuni. 
 
 morbific 1. morWdus Lucr. 6, 
 
 1 22 J 2. morblfer or morbiferus 'v. 
 rare) Paul. Nol. 
 
 mordant *id quo color impressus 
 flrmus redditur. 
 
 more (ot'j) ■ 1. plus, pluris, n.j 
 pi. pliires, a (the sing, plus is used as 
 subs., esp. with pai t. gen. , the pi., as 
 other adjectt. of number) . arui wtiat is 
 TO., (being) Romans, et quod plus est, 
 Romaiii, Li v. 9, 24, med.i Cic: to hare 
 TO. money, to. strength, etc., plus pe- 
 cuniae, virium habere, Cic. pass. : the 
 sing, is sometimes used with ref. to 
 numbers he had no m. than ;o of his 
 friends irith him, non plus habuit secum 
 [quam] tiiginta de suis, Nep. Thras. 2. 
 The pi. occurs in sense of more (as 
 sti ict compar. to multi, cf. Cic. Man. 7, 
 19, non possunt . , . multi rem atque 
 lortunas amitti-re, ut non plures secum 
 in eandem calamitatem trahant, i. e. 
 wittiout involring still more, etc.) : or 
 more freq. := a considerable number : 
 V. several. Note also the use of ««m<. 
 pi. plura, pluribus, with ellipsis of verba, 
 verbis ■ though I would Jain iirile to., 
 plura quum scribere veilem, Sail. Cat. 
 };,fin.: to puisue at to. length, pluribus 
 exsequi, Pha' dr. j, 10, extr. Dimin. 
 plusculiis (a little more) : to use rattier 
 to. salt, plusrulo sale uti, Col. 12, 50, 
 msd.i Ter. (N.B. — Plus is ofien an 
 adv. in Latin, where the corresponding 
 word in Eng. is regarded as an adj. : 
 lam aware that a 11 umber of colours 
 appear, and that tliere is rejilly not 
 m^ ttian one, sentio plures videri co- 
 lores, nee esse plus uno, Cic. Ac. 2, 
 25, 79: so in phr., plus minusve, more 
 or less = thereabouts : Auct. B. G. 8, 
 20-) 2, amplius, indecl. (denoting 
 greater extent of space or time ; also 
 number) ; a space of not m. tlian tioojt., 
 spaiium, quod est non a. pedum DO, 
 Caes. B. G i, j8: for TO. than four hours, 
 a. quattuor horis, ib. 4, 57: to. tkan a 
 hundred Roman citizens knew him, eum 
 a. centum cives Romani cognoverunt, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, I, 5, 14. (N.B.— Plus, am- 
 plius, minus, are often used adverbially 
 with numeral ai^ectives, without effect- 
 ing any change in their syntactical con- 
 struction . L. G. } {49.) 3. ultra, adv. 
 and prep (to denote excess above a 
 certain limit) : to.- than enough, ultra 
 quam satis est, Cic. Inv. i, 49, init.': 
 rather m. than tliat number, paulo u. 
 eum numerum, Auct. B. Alex. 21 : m. 
 thin is right, u. fas, Hor. ; v bevond. 
 4. supra (like preced. j bu' more 
 freq. as jrrep ) : m. than 20,000 were 
 slain, caesa s. millia viginti, Liv. jo, J5 : 
 V. above (prep.). Pbr.: vithm.eager- 
 ness than discretion, avidlus quam con- 
 sultius (L. G. (j 549) : nay more, immo, 
 imino veto : cf. Ter. Andr. 4, i, Ji and 
 49 (inmio etiam ,...): cf. id. Eun. 2, J, 
 J7 (immo enimvero, infeliciter, nay, 
 more than tliat, imliKkily) : also Cic. 
 Cat. I, 1, 2, Vivit?— immo vero etiam in 
 Senatum venit. Lives? — JVay more, he 
 actually appears in the Senate (cf. Dr. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. immo) ; in some- 
 what similar use, (atque) adeo ; v. in- 
 deed (I., 2). 
 
 more (as subs.) ; plus : V. more, adj. 
 
 more (adv.) : \. in higher degree : 
 (i.) before adjj. or advv., expr. by 
 compar, degree, or in the case of adjj. in 
 -ius by magis : see the several adjj. M. or 
 less ..., magis minusve (with posit, 
 adj.). Quint. 11, 1, 27. (ii.) before other 
 parts of speech : 1, magis (not neces- 
 sarily implying the applicability of the 
 predicate, in the case with which com- 
 parison is made, in any degree at all) : 
 they had cf/nquered to. by sicill and 
 strategy than valour, m. ratione et con- 
 silio quam virtute vicisse, Caes. B. G. 
 I, 40, med. : cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15, 
 
 magis facilitate quam alia culp» mea: 
 v rather. Note specially the pnrr. 
 magis et (ac) magis, magis magi-que, 
 more and more (denoting continual in- 
 crease) ; non magis qiiam, no more titan 
 (often ^just as little as) : I think of 
 ilreece to. and m. erery day, de Graecia 
 quotidie m. et m, cogito, Cic. Alt. 14, 18, 
 fin. . so, quotidie magis magisque mi- 
 nari, id. Phil, i, 2, ; Caius would no 
 m. liecoTne emperor, than . . , , non m. 
 
 Caium imperaturum, quam Suet. 
 
 Cal. 19, extr. : Cic. 2. P'us (denoting 
 comparison of tlie degree to which any- 
 thing exists or may be predicated): 
 irliether letter or spirit should weigh to., 
 verbane plus an senteiitia valere debeat, 
 Cic. Top. 25, 96: I love I'ompey m. and 
 TO. evrry day, Pompeium plus plusque 
 in dies diligu, Cic. Att. 6, 2, 6. Also, in 
 comparison by means of numeral advv. : 
 not TO. than once, non plus quam semel, 
 Cic. Off. }, 15, 61 : or without quam. 
 more than a thousand times, plus milliesT 
 Ter. Eun. j, 1, {2. ||, In addition: 
 
 1. amplius: (this) he claims ttack, 
 nothing to., (hoc) repetit, nihil a., Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 49, init. : Ov, 2. ultra : not to 
 look for anything m., nil ultra requirere, 
 Cic. Tim. j. Also ulteriUB (poet.); he 
 could bear it no m., non tulit ulterius, 
 Ov. M. J, 487. 3. supra (poet.): I ask 
 the gods fur nothing to., nihil s. deOfl 
 laces^o, Hor.Od. 2, 18, 11. 
 
 moreover: 1. praet6iea(&e«ui€^: 
 
 in tite first place ... tlien to , pri- 
 
 mum .... turn praeterea . . . , Ter. Ad. 
 
 5, 2, 47 : cf. also Cic. C^t 4, 9, 18 . Sail. 
 
 2. ultro (denoting something that 
 might not have been expected : not only 
 so, but more than that) : he concealed hit 
 felJo'c-citizens, and m. paid ttieir ex- 
 penses, celavit suos cives, ultroque ils 
 sumptuiii iniulii. Cic. PI. 19, 45 cf. Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 28, primum bostium impetum, 
 multis uliro vulneribus illatis suslinu- 
 erunt, i. e. ttiey not imly withstood the 
 attucit, but TO. managed to deal many 
 wounds : Liv. 3. insiiper (over ami 
 above : an expr. denoting climax : not 
 in Cic) : cf. Ter. Ad. 2, 2, j8, etiam in- 
 super defrudat ? dues he moi eover want 
 to cheat me out of my money (= into 
 the bargain) f Liv.: V'irg. (who has it 
 simply = praeterea, Aen. 2, 59}). So 
 also super (poet.) : Virg. Aen. 2, 71 : Ov. 
 
 4. ad hoc (like praeterea) : cf. Sail. 
 Cat. II, m^d., where it is used so as to 
 avoid the repetition of piaoterea: Liv, 
 
 6, II, med. The use 01 adliuc in this 
 sense is rare, but it is read in Cic. Fam. 
 16, II, med. 5. expr. by accedit, ao> 
 cedebat : cf. Sail. Cat. II, med., hue 
 accedebat, quod .... (with indie), to 
 this was added (tlie fact) that = more- 
 over: also, Cic. Alt. ij, 21, extr., accedit 
 quod ... patrem amo, moreover I love 
 (his) father : Caes.: Liv. 
 
 morganatic : Phr. : to contract a 
 TO. marriage, accipere uxorem ad mor- 
 ganaticani. Lib. Feud. 2, 29. 
 
 moribund: moilbundus (aittepoinf 
 of death: Cic. Sex t. 39. 85; Liv. (Not 
 used fig.) See also half-dead. 
 
 morn : poet, for morning (q. v.) : 
 AuroiM : Virg. G. 4, 544 (noiia A.). 
 
 morning {subs.) ; l. mane, indecl. 
 neut. : only in nom. ace. and abl. (last 
 most freq. : very early in the to., multo 
 m., Cic. Att. 5, 4, I ; to sleep all the to., 
 totum m. dormire, Mart, i, 49, j6 : from 
 m. till evening, a in. usque ad vesperam, 
 Suet. Cal. 18. Esp. as quasi-adverb : 
 this m.. hodie mane, Cic. Att. i J, 9 ; more 
 emphatically (this very m.), hodierno die 
 mane, id. Cat. j, 9, 21 . early in the to., 
 bene mane, id. Att. 4, 9, extr. 2. "la- 
 tutinura tenipus (as a period of time.) : 
 to devote one's m.s to (favourite) read/- 
 ings, m. tempora lectiunculis consumere, 
 id. Fam. 7, i, mit. Col. has dies niatu- 
 tinus in same sense, 6, 2, ad init. See 
 also DAWN (subs, and vet b). Phr.: 
 goodm.! salve, ave! (the latter iw part- 
 ing) : V. GOOD (fn.). 
 
 morning (adj.): matotinus: Cic; 
 Hor.: Virg.: v. preced. art. (2). Phr,: 
 to pay m. calls, salutare (such visits
 
 M O R X I N G - S T A K 
 
 MORTGAGE 
 
 MOSAIC 
 
 being at Kome paid early in Llie inorn- 
 ivg): Olc. Sail, ^o, m.-callf.is, salii- 
 Uiti cs, Mart. 4, 8, I ; salutjiores, y. Oc. 
 pet. cons. 9 and metoii., saliilatio (col- 
 lectively) cf Cic. Kain. 9. 20, Jiti., iibl 
 saluUilio deflu.\it, wlieti the in.-cadlas 
 have all gmie. 
 
 morning-star. 1. I.ucifer, eri, 
 in..- Cic. iV. I). 2, 20, /iH. .- riiii. 2. 
 liiler, I'lio.spliurus (Gr. "Puicriliduoi' so 
 written by Cic. I c.) Mart. 8, 21. 
 
 morning- watch tenia vigilia v 
 
 WATCH. 
 
 morocco : *aluta Mjurlca. 
 
 morose: 1. IhtIi. trUiis, e (some- 
 times ^=,</'o''"i.v, Jiirhiddiiiy) : ct. I'ac. 
 H. 1, 14. txlr., aestinialidtU' recUi fKverus, 
 deterius interprilainibus triUiitr hube- 
 batur, i. e. rklulii judyi-A, lu^ ivas simidy 
 sei'ere (imhemling) ■ bij those n ho put a 
 less javiiurahle construction on things, 
 he lias pronounced inoiuse. cf. Sen. Kp. 
 36, J.sqq. (But trlstls docs not neces- 
 sarily imply this: cl. Cic. l^iiint. 18. 59. 
 where natura tristisac recomlita, is a mc- 
 lancluilij and reserved disimsition). 2. 
 telricus (harsh and forbidding) : Join: 
 horrldus ei tetricus [animus], Sen. Ep. 
 }b, j: t. et lusper, Al.irr. I2, 70, 4. 3. 
 
 morosus {nai/nard, fretful, hard ti> 
 please): v. rKEvisn. 4. difficilisr v. 
 ILL-TKM1'EBEI>. 5. inhumanus {dis- 
 
 obliging, churlish, disayrreable) : cf. Cic. 
 Sen. }, 7, moderati et nee difficiles nee 
 inhnmani senes, neither ill-tempered nmr 
 ■morose. (N.B. — Severus denotes praise- 
 icorth !/ strictness ; austeriis, unbending 
 gravity or sternness.) 
 
 morosely : inhrmianiter (imciviUy) : 
 Cic. y. Fr. ;, i, 6 Phr. . to behave m., 
 parum comiter facere. paruni cumem so 
 praeliere : v. coubtkous, cdurtkously. 
 (N.B. — Acerbe is bitterly, severely ; aus- 
 tere, with unbending stei-nness.) 
 
 moroseness : 1. tristitia (e.sp. in 
 later writers) : to misconstrue reserve 
 and modesty for m. and jealousy, taci- 
 turn! tatem pudoremque pro tr. et ma- 
 lignitatc arguere. Suet. Ner. 2J, extr.: 
 severity degenerates into to., severitas in 
 tr. excedit, Plin. Kp. S, 21. init. : cl. lb. 
 I, 10, 7. cf. also Cic. de Or 2, 58. 236, 
 tristitiam ac severitatem mitigare. 2. 
 morositas (cf mouosr, 3): v. peevish- 
 NES.S. 3. lalifimanltus: Cic. Sen. 3, 7. 
 (Or by circunil., mures parum comes ^ 
 natura niniis trisiis atque recondita, etc. : 
 
 V. MOKO.SE.) 
 
 morris-dance ; *saitatio Maurtca. 
 
 morrow : 1. cra.stinus dies : v. 
 
 TO-M()RRt)w 2. postgrus dies (in nar- 
 ratioii=<A« folloiinitg day) : to put ary- 
 thing off to the to., aliquid in p. diem 
 dififerre, Cic. Deiot. 7, 21 : in same sense, 
 in posterum ditferre (without diem), 
 Caes. B. (j. 7, 11. (.So may he used, 
 pruximus, sequens or insequens, etc. : v. 
 
 FOLLOWING.) 
 
 morsel : I. a bite, mouthful : 1, 
 offa a m. of paste {chickens' fo<Kl), offa 
 pultis, I'ic. I)lv. 2, ?;, 75: Virg. D'mins. 
 offuia (without sensible diff. ot meaning), 
 Varr. Col : Apul. and ofella (a little 
 bit of anything eatable), Juv. ii, 144. 
 
 2. buccella: Mart. v. jioutmfli.. 
 
 3. frnstiilum (a sviull bit ql any- 
 thing) : Apul. (Noi fru-tum, wiiich is 
 a piece bioheti or cut off, <if any size). 
 Delicate ms, cupedia, oruni, or cuppe- 
 diae, iirutn: v. dainty {subs.). ||, 
 A small portion : \, mica (a crumb 
 or grain): l.wrr. i, 8?9: Petr. : I'hn. 
 
 2. fiustfilmii V. supr. {I., 3). 3, 
 pauliim, paululuiii : v. little {subs.). 
 Phr.; not a m., ne tantillum quidera 
 (K. and A.) cf. PI. Most, 2, I, 47. See 
 
 also PARTICLE. 
 
 mortal : I. '"Subject to death : mor- 
 talis. e: Cic: Sail.: Hor. Phr.: k* 
 are m,., we and ours. del>einur niorii, nos 
 nostraque, Hor. A. P. 6{. ||, causing 
 death : 1. morttfer, era, eriim : to 
 receive a m. wound, in. vnlnus accipere, 
 Nep. Epara. 9: Cic. Sull. 26, 7; (fig). 
 2. letalis, e (rare in prose): a n^. 
 wonnd, 1. vulnus. Suet. Cai-s. 82. 3. 
 
 morialis, e (v. rare in this sense) ■ a 
 stab only ttvo inches deep is m., puncta 
 
 duas uncias adacta m est, Veg. Mil. i, 12. 
 4. expr. by verb a C"t i.v rarely 
 ?«., cae-.a iion frequenter inierticit, V'eg. 
 I. c. : a wound in the spinal arrd it 
 always to., servari noii potest cui in 
 spina medulla pi-rcuss.i est, Cels. 5 26. 
 2 in the •a.-e of wounds nut m., ubi 
 ali'liiis ictus est qui servari potest, ib. 
 ^ 21. See also DHADLV {adj ), Fatai. 
 Ill Relating to vuji tat nun: nior- 
 talis m. I' orlis, m. facta. Hor A P 68 : 
 a TO. wound (injtid'd by a man), m. 
 vulnus, Virg. Aen. 12, 797. 
 
 mortal (subs.) .- usu. pi., mortals, 
 n)oriale.s, lum ■ .Sail (.'at. 2, et poj^s : 
 tic: Hor. Also, homines. Iioiniineuli ; 
 cf. Cic N. I). I 44, i2i. Iioiiiunculls 
 similem Deum Hnnere, to fa.'^iion t;od 
 like t'l us i>oor m.s : also, Snip, in Cic 
 Kani. 4, 5. nos lioinunculi iniiiKii.iraur, 
 we /iiiiii- m.s are indignant . so in Lucr., 
 homulli, !. 927. 
 
 mortality : |. Liability to death : 
 murtallias : Cic N. I), i, 10, extr. ||, 
 iJeath itself: morialiUis (rare) Plin. Kp. 
 
 10, 70 (50), //n. .• cf. Cic. I. C. V DEATH. 
 
 Ill, Frequency of death.^ : F'hr. : the 
 scarcity of n ater causeil great m. artwng 
 cattle, defectus aquarum stragem siti pe- 
 coruni morientiura dedit, l-iv. 4, io,med. .- 
 the m. in the city was terrible, urbs assi- 
 duis e.\tiausta funeribus. Id. }, J2. med. : 
 there iras a f/roportionately great to. 
 among the people generally, pro portione 
 ex alia multituiline multa funera fuisse, 
 id. 7, I : SI) terrible was the m., tanta 
 loeditas niorientlum luit. Just. 2, i ?,^i". • 
 aseason marked by great to. among cattle 
 no less than human beings, grave teiiipiis 
 et pesiilens, nee honiinibus magis quam 
 pecoii, Liv. j, 6, init. |V, .State of 
 nwrtal beings .- mortalitas : cf. Just. 12, 
 16, 2, miijiis humana morialitate opus 
 {de Akxandro). See also iiLMANiTy. 
 
 mortally: I, Lit. : 1, morti- 
 ferc (v. rare) : Marc. Dig. 9, 2, j6 Plin. 
 Ep. 2. letaliter (v. rare): Plin. 11, 
 37, 81. Ph r. : to tie TO. vounded, mor- 
 tilerum vulnus accipere, Nep. Eiiani. 9 ; 
 ita vulnerari ut eo ictu (aliquis) mori- 
 atur- cf. Jul. Dig. 9, 2, ;i Comp. 
 MOKTAL (II.) II. Fig. (coUoq.), ex- 
 
 tremely) : Phr.: to be to. jealous, misere 
 invidere. Per. Eun. j, l, 22 : so perh. 
 perdite, esp. with amare: v despe- 
 
 RATELV. 
 
 mortar : I. J''or pounding : 1, 
 mortarium : to pound with a brass m. 
 and pestle, aereo m. pistilloque terere, 
 Plin. j;, 8, 41; conterere, Col. !2, 55: 
 Cato. Dimin. morlarioluni (a small m.) : 
 Aemil. .\1acer. 2, pila (only for 
 
 pouiuling in , whereas n.ortarium m;iy 
 be used of any vessel for mixing ingre- 
 dients, Inieading, etc.) : a small to. for 
 pnmding nlieat, paulula p. ubi triticum 
 pinsant, Cato, R. K. 14, tned.: I'lin. - 
 Scrib. II, A kind of cannon ■ *tor- 
 
 memum brevioris formae, quod moriar- 
 ium dicunt. |||. For building : \, 
 
 mortarium (from the name of the vessel 
 in nhich it uas mixed): Vitr. 7, i, 5; 
 8, 6 (7), 14. 2. areniitum (a kind if 
 
 sand-mf>rtar) : Plin. j'l. 2 J, |;5 : Vitr. 
 (Arenatuni appear^ to have been used 
 externally, like 7-iiugh-ca.<'t.) 3. melon, 
 calx, cis, /. (as the main ingi-edient in 
 TO.); cf. Plin. I. c, ruinarum iirbis ea 
 miiv'me cau,-<a. quod furto calcis sine 
 fe.Uiiiiine suo caeinenta lomjumiintur, 
 i. e. put tngiOier without m. mareraia 
 calx is lime properly slaked and steeped, 
 Vitr. 7, 2. 
 
 mortgage {subs.) .- l. hypotheca 
 {secunt'i ijieen in real property, not 
 moveable) : .fust. Inst. 4, 6, 9 to trans- 
 fer an estate as a m., fundiim hypo- 
 thecae dare, Marc. Dig. 50, i, 16. in gen. 
 sense, hypotliecam obligare, ib. 20. i, 1} 
 } 6 to be rel^-ased frinn a m., hypotheca 
 llberari, ib. 20, 6, ; ^ 2: Ihe m. termi- 
 nates, golvitiir h., ib. inil. 2. pignus, 
 61 is, 71. (strictly a pledge coiisisiing of 
 moveable piopeiiy : but used also in 
 wider sense) . to receive an estate on m., 
 fundura pignori accipere. Marc Dig. 20, 
 6, 8 } 9 . to satisfy a m., p. liberare, 
 
 UIp. ib. 20, 6, 6: cf. TO MORTGAGE. 
 
 3, obligatio (lite aitual transaction): 
 Modest, iiig. 20, I, 26 $ I. .Someiimes 
 servitus may serve, implying ilie sur- 
 render of certain nyhts on real pro- 
 perty : cf. Pomp, in I'ig 20, i, 12: 
 quamdiu pecuni.i non solula sit, eis ter- 
 I7t<uti6u« creditor uuiur. Phr; aciion 
 for (connected with) m., actio hypolhe- 
 caria, .Marc Dig. 20, 6, 8 } 2. 
 
 mortgage c ) ■ 1. obiigo, i 
 
 more fuTlN^hypoiheoam obi. (v. preced. 
 art. 1), ex causa pignoris obi.. Modest. 
 I'ig. 20, I. 2?; pignore oil., ib. 22. 2. 
 hypoihecae ilo v preci-d. art. (1). (I'ig 
 nero, opplgiiero, to pledge mnveabU pro- 
 perty : v Tu PAW N.) 
 
 mortgagee: ciediior: Modest. Dig. 
 20, I, 2{,etc. : mure definitely, creditor 
 hypolliecarius, Ulp. Dig. 42 6, I 6 }. 
 
 mortgager: debiior Man. lug 20, 
 6, 8 i^ 7. Or iierh., debiior hypothec*- 
 rius: v. preced. art. 
 
 mortification : I. Gangrene : gan- 
 graena: Cels.: v. gangrene. ||, Fig.: 
 the sutxluing of lusts, passions, etc. : 
 expr. by *morlifico, eic : v. to mok- 
 TiFY (II.). III. Vexation, humiliatimi 
 annoyance • 1, oHensio : my Utile 
 
 possessions occasion me. more m. than 
 real pleasui e. majori of. sunt quam de- 
 lectalionl possessiunculae nieae, Cic. Att. 
 13, 2 J. Join: offensio atque lusiitllum, 
 id. Tiisc 4. 10, 2 J. 2. perh. indigni 
 tas {indignity offered to any one) .- to 
 put up with eveiy kind of m., onuiem 
 ind. molestiamque ferre, Cic. Fam. 6, 14. 
 Phr.: to feel m. at anytliing, aliquid 
 indigne ferre, Nep. Eum. I : Cic. : so, 
 nioleste, molestissime ferre, Cic. Fam. j, 
 6, 2. See also vexation. 
 
 mortify: |. In trans : to be de- 
 stroyed by gangrene: putresco, 3: v. to 
 gangrene. (Morior, emorior, praemo- 
 rior, are used to denote tlie dying anay 
 of a part of the body, but appy. not in 
 present sense : cf. Cels. 7, 14, med. : Suet. 
 '>■■• 3-) II. Trans.: fig., to neaken 
 and ikstroy the lusts, etc. : *mortifico, 
 I : Vulg. Col. iii. 5. (More classically, 
 nioderor, coerceo, refreno : v. to con- 
 TitoL, govern.) III. Also trans., to 
 vex : offendo, di, sum, } : v. to offend : 
 usu. lis puss, rejl., to be m.'d at anything, 
 aliquid indigne, moleste ferre . v. preced. 
 art. extr. 
 
 mortifying; 1. mSlestus: Cic: 
 v. riidUKLt-^iME, vEXATiocs. 2. perb. 
 iiidigiuis {beneath one's dignity) : cf. Cic. 
 tjuiiil. 51, 95, indignum est a pari vinci, 
 iiidignius ab uileiiore atque huniiliore. 
 Or expr. by verb- ivhat can be nune m. T 
 *iiuid potest magis animum offendere, 
 niajoiem molestiam exhibere ? v. to of- 
 fend, VKX. 
 
 mortise (subs.) : cardo fEmtna. cor- 
 respoiidiMi; III the trnon, c. niasculus, 
 Vitr. 9 8 1,9). II. (guich. gives cuvum, 
 e Col.) 
 
 mortise (v.) • p-rh. immitto, ? (to 
 let in inseit): H. and A. (Cf. Vitr. 9, 
 8, II, cardinibus mascula et femina inter 
 se coartatis.) 
 
 mortmain : mortua maims : t't come 
 into m. (i<f (States), ad m. manum de- 
 venire. Statute in P CycL s. v. (L'sii. 
 belter to qualify the phr. by quae dici- 
 tur, fertur, etc.) 
 
 mosaic (s"6s.): 1. mrisivum(opus): 
 a portrait m m., (homo) pictiis de mu- 
 sivo, Spart. Pesc. 6 : Treb. ( Belter thus 
 spelt than museum which word Is u.sed 
 to denote a kind of gmtto, v. Gi:or, 2.) 
 2. tessellatum (opus): ct. Suet. 
 C!aes. 46, extr., where pavjmenta te.-sel- 
 lata and sectilia are mentioned together: 
 also, Viir. 7, i, 4: Irom the U'ler juis- 
 sage, the tes.sellata are shown to have 
 been pavements madi nf small pieces qf 
 stones, etc., in the shofie of squares, hex- 
 agons, etc. : what Ihe latter were is not 
 clearly known. 3. vermiculatum 
 
 (opus) cf. venniciilatie crusiae, icw'c 
 inlaid so as to resemble the tracks of 
 mnins, rermvitlated, Plin. J5, i, i : so, 
 venniciilatiim pavimentum, Aug. in 
 Bui-m. Suet. Caes. 46, where the context 
 shows that mosaic or tessellated work 
 is intendeil. 4. lithostrotum (Gr 
 
 483
 
 MOSAIC 
 
 MOTION 
 
 MOTLEY 
 
 AtflocTTpwTov ivrought with tessellae , 
 =tes8ellatum) : Plin. j6. 25. (^- V'ht. 
 (A specimen is described as, parvis e 
 tessellis tinclisque in vanos colores 
 factum : Plin. 1. c.) 6. Poet- lapil'i. 
 orum (=tessellae) : Hor. Ep. I, 10, 19. 
 
 mnsnip (adj.) : I. /» vwsaic uoric : 
 t.sTua"tVefB^Uls factus. v. preced. 
 art. II Relating to Moses: 'Mosa- 
 icus : or gen. of Moyses, Moses. 
 
 mosque: 'aedes (sacra) IVfahometona, 
 Arabica, Turcica. 
 
 mosquito: culex, icis. m. (gen. 
 term) : Hor. S. I, 5. H ■ ">n. 
 
 moss: \. A kind 0^ plant: inyis. 
 
 cult Calo.R. R- (>■■ H"'-- 0;- „ "• 
 Ground mtrgrown with m., etc. : U'Ca 
 palustria, musco humilibusque herbis 
 
 obsita. . 1-.,,^ 
 
 moss-covered: musco circumUtus . 
 Hor. Ep. I, 10, "!. 
 
 moss-trooper; *''ques locomm pa- 
 liistrium peritus. 
 
 mnRSS • 1 muscosus ; TO. Joun- 
 
 ta^Tm. 'fontes. Virg. E.^ ■). 45 : Varr. 
 2 muscidus (rare) : Sid. 
 mostCaiiJ)-- 1. pltirimus (either 
 absolutely, very much or mani/; or re- 
 latively, the most) : of this deity there 
 are m. images, hujus sunt p. simulacra, 
 Caes B. G. 6. IT : Cic. When quantity 
 Is indicated, the nom. and ace. smg.neut. 
 are often used subs. : far the m. toil and 
 utility, laboris et ulilitatis longe pluri- 
 mumfQuinl. 10, J. i. The se«. plur.mi 
 is also used subs. : to possess whatts oj 
 m value, id quod plurimi est possidere, 
 Cic. Par. 6, 2, fin. 2. ^^^'f^'f' 
 esp. in phr.. fw the m. part, chiefly, 
 maximam partem, Caes. B.<.. 4. -■^Cl<^^ 
 
 '^^^^^^^^^^'^^^^^r^ 1 s!%-; ssrsuf.tc'ict.-An^ 
 
 form) : as m. results, quod f. eve"' '^''^: '"« '^■\ p ^ r . 0/ wes oun m., sua 
 
 nep.\, 42: V. rsBALLY. 4. vulgo . ", J^° •c.es. B. G i. 44^more fully. 
 
 V GENERALLY (11., 2). . {J „„(£ et voluniate. Cic Part. }"}, 
 
 mote : corpusculum («7,"--,7^^/« : ^,"„" ^P^^iH. Vrop«.a« : 1. r6,at,o (a 
 
 ick) : cf. Lucr. 2, 152, tl" Ma^i" ^'^ I Cn^oxalfor a law, brought forward by 
 
 tick): cf. Lucr. 2, 152._ ^^^[tm^'^vl^^^^^ 
 
 J, the Vulg. has fcs-u a a stern oi P^opJ_^ ^_ ^^_^^_ ^^ senlentia (an 
 
 st,ai«: quid autem festucam v>des in 
 oculo f ratris ? For the sentiment, comp. 
 Hor S I, i, 1h where tubera and ver- 
 rucae correspond to trabs and Itsluca ol 
 
 ^^rnoth-'' blatta: clothe.s, prey of m.s 
 a«d ° c^ms, vesUs blattaru.n et iinearum 
 epulae,Hor.S.2,3, ii8: Virg. ; Plm. 
 TO nth -paten- *blattis peresus. 
 Sother- I. Lit.- mater, tr.s: 
 
 pj^ vlmin. matercula (Uttle or pocrr 
 T), Cic. Fl. ib,f,n.: Hor. i'f^d^i 
 to a m., mother's, ma.ernus: (.e name 
 ofm., nomen matemum, Uc. Un. 5. " . 
 Ter (Both the subs, and adj. may be 
 
 . "^ ,, ...liv, -oiniinii tn llifflior 
 
 a t'ibune) : v. hill. 2. senlentia (on 
 ovinion foi maUy expiessed ; esp. in the 
 senate) : cf. Cic. Atl. 4, I. accurate sen' 
 tevtiam dixi; f»ciuni est senatus-con- 
 sultuni in meam sententiam, i. e. acctrrd- 
 irig to my m. : the stvate adopted the m. 
 ot (ato, senatus in Catonis s. discessit, 
 Sail Cat. 55. init. Phr. to make a m. : 
 (\\ ffiro. tuli, latum, J. irr. (to bring 
 fmcard a matter ; esp. before the people) : 
 to bring foruard a m. in the assembly 
 of the people, that..., f. ad populum, 
 ut..., Cic. Ph. 2, 4?, no: more freq. 
 foil by legem, rogaiioneni: v. TO pko- 
 posE. (2). refero. }, irr. (esp. of pro- 
 
 fer. (Both the subs, and adj. may oe , .-- v /^ . ^ ^ „,„, j^,^ 
 
 used ^ weU with relation to •■5^> ""^ ~^L .Senate, ad senatum relalum 
 
 simam pariem, v^aes. i.>. vi. t. • ■ — • . ,- -0 
 
 3, p Jusque, Pleraque, Plerumque Leg. .22^ _58 
 
 usea as weu wiuu iciu.,.^- — 
 animals: matrLx, ids is a ^he-^^^^^^f 
 kept for breeding: cf. Varr. 2, 5. wed 
 habeo tauros. . .ad matrices septuaginta 
 duo, two buUs to seventy breeding covs : 
 Con Phr.: to become a m., parere ( v 
 
 TO BRING FOBTH) ; m.S ^"i'^^'^^'f^Zt 
 
 uncU), avunculus (v. uncle) : brothers 
 born of the same m., fratres utenni. Just 
 Cod 5 61, 21 : chiUren whose m.s are 
 slid living, «be". '"atrimi, Liv J7 J, 
 m^d. (so, patrimi, whose ^af".^* «;« 
 living, ib.): to suck in enor with ones 
 m.-s milk, cum lacte 7m(mis errorem 
 sugere. Cic. Tusc. J, i, 2. II. f If 
 producer, originator: 1 mater. Flu- 
 losophy the m. of all good arts, m. om- 
 nium bonarum artium philosophia, Cic. 
 - Hor. 2. par»-ns, ntis. 
 
 (usu'iii pi.):' m. money-dealers have 
 this way, habent hunc morem p. argen- 
 tarii, PI. Cure, i, 1 : strengthened by 
 omnes: m. young men, p. omnes arto- 
 lescentuli, Ter. Andr. i, i. 28. But 
 plerique oft. denotes nothing more than 
 a good many : cf. Cic. Inv. 1, it, 65. 
 multi nihil prodesse philosophiam,i>i«- 
 rique etiam obesse arbitrautur, where 
 nlerique denotes less than multi : lac. 
 Phr : at the m., (1.) suramum (w« 
 ad summum) : twice, or at the m., thrice, 
 bis terve summum, Cic. tarn. 2, I : Liv. 
 jj, 5, med. (2 ) quum plurimuni : stakes 
 l^^ng three or at m. four branches, 
 valli trium aui quum plunmum quattuor 
 ramorum, Liv. 1. c. Also simply, plu- 
 rimum : Plin. 22, 5. 22. ^ ,. ^ 
 
 most («di'-) •■ I- W'^^ *'^.J- ^""^ 
 advi°bs: expr. by superl.. or in the case 
 of adj. in -ius, by maxime with positive • 
 cf Cic Ph. I?, 19. •»?, where the form 
 piissimus (used by M. Antony) is con- 
 demned by Cic. : it is however frequent 
 in later authors, e. g. Tac. Agr. 4} : Curt. 
 II With verbs: 1. maxime (in 
 the hl'ghest degree) : this legion Caesar 
 trusted m., huic legioni Caesar m con- 
 fidebat, Caes. B. G. 1,4°: strengthened 
 bv unus, unus omnium, multo, vel, etc. : 
 V Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. (2) 2. plu- 
 rimum (strictly denoting extent rather 
 than degree but sometimes hardly to 
 be distinguished fn.m maxime): to be 
 m. powerful or influential, ppo^^e, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 9; P- valere, Cic. Bep. 2, 
 22 (N B— By no mrans potissimum; 
 ifhich = in preference to all others : 
 
 ^ mostly?'^ I. For the most part, ^in- 
 cipally: maximam partem: v. most, 
 adi (2). See also principally. M. 
 Vsu^Uu : 1, plerumque (rery gene- 
 rally, oftentimes : cf. MOST, adj., 3) : Hor. 
 Od I J4. T- in C'C- t"-- 5'. no, ple- 
 ruW-e oasu, saepe natura, plerumque 
 appears to denote less than saepe = a 
 g^ m^ny tim^s ; but more fr.-q. it de- 
 iotes pretty regular occurrence : cf. id 
 Div if 56. fin., aut semper aut. si id 
 difBcile est, plerunuiue, either always, or 
 if that be next to impo.^sible. yet ordi- 
 iarily or mostly. 2. feie (ccmnwnly): 
 as m. happens, quod f. solei fieri. C c 
 Inv 1,29 46; ut f. fit, ib. 2.4. 14 (^"t 
 ~rh. of^ner simply. ^\^^' }^,\?^'\^^' 
 i8: Liv). Ter. 3. ferme (like fere, 
 
 484 
 
 c • Join- parens' educatrixque [sapi 
 entialCic. Leg. i. 23,62; procreatrlx et 
 quasi parens, id. Or.,, J, 9- 3. gene- 
 trix, ids: Egypt m. of vices, Aegyptus 
 g. vitiorum, Plin. 26, 1, J : Just ^. 
 
 procreatrlx, ids : Cic. (v. supr. 2). d 
 
 procreatrlx! ids:. Cic. (. su^.^ 5^ ^^^ ^^0^ ^1^ .2. n: 
 
 expr. by P^™' gj^™ = i^'^i^'^^ei^^na^ie?, was h.s m. in ioming to Am.r^f 
 virtus amicitiam et gignit ei S*'""", _, ,„„^„ vpni,nit Ameriam ? id. E 
 virtue is both the m. and the mamtaine) 
 of friendship : v. to beget. 
 
 •^1 in-law: socrus, us: Per.; Cic. 
 
 Of-pearl: unionum conchae, 
 
 arum: Suet. Ner. 31 (K.r.). 
 
 tongue: patrius sermo: Hor. 
 
 A. P. 51 : Lucr. 
 
 wit: Phr.: with homely m.. 
 
 before the Senate, ad senatum relatum 
 est, cf. Caes. B. C. i. i : Sail.: lessfreq. 
 of other bodies: he made a m. in the 
 college of pontiffs respecting. . ., ad pon- 
 tificum collegium reltulisse de. . ., Auct. 
 pro itom. 53. Relero may also denote 
 a second or fuiiher m. in the assembly 
 of the people, ad populum r., Cic. Clu. 
 49 HI. (3). censeo, ui, um, 2 (denoting 
 a.'foiraal expression of opinion m the 
 .Senate): nherefore I make this m..., 
 quare ita ego censeo. Sail. Cat. Sl,fin. 
 motion («•) •• sigmf ico, i ; mnuo, 1. 
 
 utum, 3 ; V. TO beckon. 
 motionless: immotus, unmobilis: 
 
 V. immoveable;. 
 motive (adj.): q«i mSvet: v t.. 
 
 MOVE. Sometimes pulsus may serve, >.i. 
 
 Cic Rep. 6, 26, externo agiiari pulMi. 
 
 i. e. to be propelled by seme external m. 
 
 power, not inherent force. _ . 
 
 motive (subs.) : 1. causa, ratio 
 
 it isenouyh to sh,w that he (Clodio>-) 
 
 had a stxmg m., satis est magnam 11 
 
 cuius 
 rel causa venerat Ameriam ? id. K. Am- 
 .4 96 : so ib. paulo infr., qua ratwne 
 Roscio Capitoni primum nuntiavit? 
 often with imf^llo (cf. infr. 2) : (1/ any 
 me should ask) what has been my m. 
 irt quae causa nos impulerit, ui.. , 
 Cic. N. D. I, 4. r- "•'■ c^^^s"" °^omv 
 (VI.). 2. expr. by adductus, due- 
 
 — J^^- ^'„'V f^ 2TZZ'. Uis'tess freq. inSuctus; also impulsus 
 crassa Minerva, Hor. S. 2, 2, 3^ wju^c • .^ induced to act m any way 
 
 times indoles {natural gifts) may sei ve . \P'^l'^^l^^1 . ^^^^, m. of the cause) : 
 
 cf. Cic. Part. 14, 49. spe, metu, iraciindia, 
 misericordia, impulsi ; praemio, gratia 
 adducti, i. e.from m.s of expeclatvm (oj 
 gain), offeuir, pity etc : £. id. Aa 2, 20 
 
 "'rn'otherilOOd: expr. by niaternw 
 mSter: the cares o/TO.,materna (nlatrl^) 
 cura, Plin. 10, 33, 51 } io5 • v. mother 
 
 motherless: matre ^'^^'^■■^^■Jf'- 
 
 Ad 4 5 16: V. ORPHAN. Also perh. 
 matre'orbatus: cf. Cic. Clu. 15, fln., 
 mater orbata filio (but the adj. appears 
 to be more properly used in this re- 
 
 '* motherly: maternus: m. feeling, 
 m. animus, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 24. 
 
 motion (su&s.): \. Act ov process 
 of changing place ; 1. motus, us . to 
 revolve ivith an opposite m. 'o ... con- 
 trario m. versari quam. . ., Cic. Kep. o, 
 IT Ae imparted m. to the heavens, m. 
 coelo dedit, id. Tim. 6. 2. motto (a 
 less freq. term than motus: the meie 
 act of tmrving) : the m. and gesture of 
 bodies, corporum m. atque gestus Cic. 
 N D 2 58, 145. (Motio corresponds to 
 motus as the verbal subs, moving to mo- 
 tion or movement.) 3. agitatio (quick 
 or constant to.) : Join: agitatio et mo- 
 tus [linguae], Cic. N. D. 2, 54. > iS- 4. 
 iactatio (tossing, unpleasant wi.) : «. 
 Liv 29, 32, ad fin., ubi primum ducta 
 dcatrix, patique posse visa jactationem, 
 i e the shaHng and other motion ineyi- 
 iaUe in a journey. 5. very often 
 
 expr. by verb : e. g. to set in m , movere , 
 to be in m., moveri : the nwon has no m., 
 and is the lowest (star), luna neque 
 movetur et infima est, Cic. Rep. 6, n : 
 this is the source of (their) TO., hic fons, 
 hoc principium movendi est, ib- 25 (.v 
 
 hoc prindpium movendi est, id- z5 (.*• 1 >,''"•,. .^ fSc Inv 2 ? iq.) 
 TO M^VE) :'to be put inm. "1/ ?;" f ^"f 1 ""^^ l^j^: Ss'or oAs: 
 cause, pulsu agitan externo, ib. 26. ||. | mouer V""J- 
 
 65, si aut ostentatioiie aliqua adductus 
 aut studio certandi ad banc philoso- 
 phiam me applicavi, i. e. fom any m. 
 of display or disputatiousness. Also 
 other parts of the verb.-* impello, adduco, 
 may often serve : to seekfoi- the m.from 
 which a crime, was ommitted, causam 
 nuaerere quae aliquem ad facinus ad- 
 duxerit, Cic. R- Am. 51, 86 when the 
 mind is in suspense, it may be swayed 
 by a trifling to., diim in dubio est ani- 
 mus, paulo momentohuc illuc impellitur. 
 Ter. Andr. i, 5, 31 : v. to rBGE, induce, 
 INFLUENCE. 3. motus, US (rare in 
 
 this sense): the m.s which hare led me 
 to my decision, m. consilii mei, Plin. Ep. 
 J 4 fin. Phr.: to show some m for 
 (anything) being done, aliquld, quare 
 factum sit, ostendere, Cic. Inv. 2, 5. '9- 
 so with quapropter, cur: (v. wHi. 
 WHEREFORE): to enquire nhich (of the 
 accused persons) had any to. for corn 
 mitting a crime, quaerere cui (utri where 
 two only are cimcerned) bono luisset, Cic 
 R. Am. 31, 86. (N-B.-Kr gives the 
 phr.,quasi moveiitia proponere,Cic. 1 um. 
 5, 24, 68 = to present inducements or 
 motives to action, quae nos ad. . coii- 
 vertant: but the expr. is an isolated 
 one, and moreover not complete without 
 the full, defining clause: Impulsus, im- 
 pulsio. denote urgency, impulsixm, m-
 
 MOTTLED 
 
 MOC NTAIN 
 
 MOURNPL'T. LY 
 
 J4, 1 (where the Lex Oppia is given, 
 which forbad the use of vestimentum 
 versicolor by women) . Virg. 
 
 mottled : 1. macuio&us (speckled, 
 spotted): PI.: Virg. 2. varius : m. 
 
 tides (black and blue), v. latcra, PI. Ps. 
 
 I I, U : Hor. : V. VARIEGATKD. 
 
 motto : 1. sententia (a term spe- 
 cially applied to short pithy sentences) : 
 ▼. HAXiu. 2. praeceptum {rule, di- 
 rection): v. vhv.cv.it. Phr. see whether 
 this may not be safely laid down as a 
 TO., vide ne hoc salubriter praccipi pos- 
 sit. Sen. Ep. lo, exir. : this is a m. from 
 Epicurus, hoc Kpicurug praecipil, ib. 
 II, 6. 
 
 mould {subs.) : I. A shape : forma : 
 to pour wax into a m. {a cast of the 
 fa/:e), ceram in f. Infundere, Plin. j;, \i, 
 44: a box-uood m. (for cheese), buxea 
 f., Col. 7, 8, fin. Uimin. formula : used 
 by Pall, of that ivhich has been shaped 
 by a mould, Mai. 9, med. }' h r. : of the 
 same m. as ice, nostrae fariiiae, Pers. 5, 
 115; to be cast m the same m., una 
 forma percussa esse. Sen. Kp. J4, extr. 
 See also, nature, kind. ||. Soil : \, 
 terra : v. son.. 2. terreinim {earthy 
 soil : only In the Scrr. rei Kustlcae) : 
 Jlint, with a little m. aboi-e it, silcx cui 
 guperpositum est modicum t.. Col. ?, 11, 
 ad fin. : to prevent any m. aditcring to 
 the routs, ne quid terreiii (radix) habeat. 
 Col. 12, 56: I'all. (N.B.— Terra is a 
 generic term, including all kinds of 
 earth ; terrenum is specific, like the 
 Kng. : cf. Pall, i, 5, init., sabulum sine 
 admixtione terreni, sandy soil ivith no 
 earthy mould.) |||, A downy, damp 
 concretion: mucor: Col.: v. mouldy: 
 
 also MILDEW. 
 
 mould ("•) •■ 1. fingo, nxi, ctum, } 
 (esp. with ref. to plastic art) : to m. in 
 wax, e cera f.. Cic. V'err. 4, ij, jo : more 
 fully, f. similitiidines ex. . ., Plin. J5, 12, 
 4} (with ref. to busts) : Ov. So comps. 
 effingo, confiiigo, but in more gen. sense : 
 
 V. TO FASHION, FOKM. 2. fonUO, I 
 
 {to shape) : v. to form. Esp. in fig. 
 sense ; to m. an orator, oratorem f., 
 yuint. I, I, lo: to m. {the character) 
 from infancy, a puerltia statim f., Plin. 
 Ep. 4, 19, 7. Join: formare et insti- 
 tuere (so. educando), ib. i, 14, j. Phr.: 
 you will be able to m. anything you 
 choose while the clay is wet (fig.), argilla 
 quldvls imitaberls uda, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 8. 
 moulder (".) : 1. putresco, j : 
 
 Hor. S. 2, }, 119 (of clothes) : v. TO rot. 
 2. dilabor, psus, 5 {to jail to pieces, 
 waste away) : tombs m. away, d. monu- 
 menta virum, Lucr. 5, ji2: more pre- 
 cisely, situ dilabi. Col. 12, j, med. 
 
 moulder (s«bs.) ■• 1. fictor (t'mape- 
 make.r): Cic. N. D. i, 29, 81. Fern. 
 -trlx ; ib. i, jq, 92. 2. plastes, ae, 
 
 m. (Gr. TrAdo-nj!) : Veil. I, 17, med. 
 {= statuary). Also, plasticus, plastica- 
 tor (the latter to be avoided) : Kirni. 
 
 mouldering {adj-) ■ 1. pater, tris, 
 ire {rotten, decayed) : Vacuna's m.fane, 
 Vacunae p. fanum, Hor. Ep. i , 19, 49. 
 Also putridus: Sen. Ep. I2, init. (pu- 
 trida saxa). 2. dilabens, ntis (tum- 
 
 bling to pieces) : Sen. Ep. 12, iiiit. (d. 
 aedificium). 
 
 mouldiness : 1. miicor : to con- 
 tract m. (become mouldy), m. contrahere, 
 Col. 12, 4. 2, situs, us (foulness con- 
 tra/ted by disuse) : v. mildew. 
 
 mouldy : 1. mucWus : m. bits of 
 
 bread, m. panis frusta, Juv. 14, 128 : 
 Man. 2. situ corruptus : cf. Col. 12, 
 }. med. (ne supellex vesilsve situ dila- 
 oatur, aut fruges. . .mgligeiitiadesldiave 
 eorrumpanlur). Phr.: to grow m., 
 mucorem conirahere. Col. iz, 4; also, 
 mucesrere, Plin. 14, 20, 26 (of wine be- 
 coming mouldy or mustji) : In same 
 sense, to he to., muceie, Cuto K. R. 148: 
 they run no risk of getting m. (or rusty), 
 pcrlculum situs non adeunt. Sen. Ben. 
 J. 2, 2. 
 
 moult : * pliimas ponere, esuere 
 (Kr.). 
 
 moulting (.'«bs.): expr. by verb: 
 during the m. season, *eo tempore quum 
 plumae exuuntur. 
 
 mound ; 1. itimiilus (natural or 
 artificial) : a m. of earth, l. terrenus, 
 Caes. B. (j. i, 4J . esp. a sepulchral m. : 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66 : an empty m. (ceno- 
 taph), inanis t., Virg. Aen. 6, 505. See 
 also, iiii.i., iiiLi.oiK. 2. agger. 6ris, 
 
 m. (reaching lengthwise; whereas a 
 tumulus is of ruuTidish form) : snowy 
 ms (drijts), a. nivei, Virg. G. i, 154: 
 usu. of works raised fur defensive or 
 offensive purposes : the m. avid stockade, 
 a. ac vallum, Caes. B. G. 7, 72 : to throw 
 up a m. (in siege), a. Jacere, Caes. B. G. 
 2. 12; exstruere (where altitude is im- 
 plied), ib. 2, JO : a m. of earth, a, terreus, 
 terrenus : v. eakthkn. 3. grumus 
 (a small knoll or elevation : rare) : Col. 
 2, 18, med.: AucL B. Hisp. Dimin. 
 grumulus : Plin. 4. moles, is,/. : v. 
 MOLB (1.). 
 
 mount (^"''•'•) •■ mens: v. mocntain. 
 Phr.: the Sermon on the M.. *oratio 
 montana, Tisch. : Kr. : more fully, 'ora- 
 tio a Chrisio in monte habita, Kr. 
 
 mount ( I'-) •• I. 'i'o rise on h igh : 1. 
 expr. by ode. sublime, or adj. sublimis 
 (cf. L. G. $ J4}), and verb : to m. aloft, 
 sublime lerrl, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 
 erterri, Liv. 21, }o: so, sublime volare, 
 Lucr. 2, 206: with adj. : he m.'d uloft, 
 sublimis abiit, Liv. i, 16, Jiii. 2. 
 
 subTolo, I : to m. upwards towards 
 heaven, in coelestem locum s., Cic. Tusc. 
 I, 17, 40: Ov. 3. expr. by sursum, 
 
 with various verbs : e. g. sursum suc- 
 cedere, Lucr. 2, 2oj : so, sursum ferri, 
 cf. deorsum ferri, Lucr. 1. c. : v. up- 
 wards. 4. exsllio, emico : v. to 
 SPRING UP. See also to ascend. ||. 
 To get on hirrseback : equum conscendo, 
 etc.: V. infr. (IIL). |||. Trans.: 
 to get upon : 1, scando, di, sum, j : 
 to m. the walls (of a besieged city), s. 
 moenia, Liv. 22, 14, med. : Cic. : v. to 
 CLrsiB. Comps. (1). conscendo, } (usu. 
 with direct ace.) : to m. a horse, equum 
 c, Liv. I, 57; also, in equum, Ov. M. 6, 
 222 : to m. a rampart, vallum c, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, i9, fin. (2). escendo, j (usu. 
 with prep.) : to m. a carriage, in cur- 
 rum e. (al. conscendere), PI. Merc. 5, 2, 
 qo: to m. the rostra, in rostra e., Cic. 
 Off. }, 20, 80. (3). ascendo, ; (both 
 with and without prep.) : to m. a horse, 
 a. in equum. id. Sen. 10, Jin. : to in. the 
 rostra (tribune), in coiitionem a., Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 22, 74: also without in, Liv. 2?, 
 14, init. : to m. the ridge of a mountain, 
 jugum moiitis a., Caes. B. G. i, 21. (4). 
 inscendo, j (usu. with prep, in ; but also 
 without) : to m. a horse, ins. in equum, 
 Suet. Ner. 48 (puss. Inscendi, to be m.'d, 
 of Bucephalus, Gell. 5, 2) : PI. (In- 
 scendo is less freq. than the prcced. 
 comps., and not in Cic. at all.) 2. 
 egredior, ssus, j (rather rare in this 
 sen>e, and never trans.) : the soldiers 
 had almost m.'d the summit with their 
 scaling-ladders, scalis egressi milites 
 prope sunima ceperant. Sail. Jug. 60 : 
 Liv. 3. supCro, i: I m. the very top- 
 most point of the house, summi fastigia 
 tecti a.scensu supero, Virg. G. 2, Jo} : 
 Liv.: V. to surmoCkt. |V. Pb>". : 
 to TO. giuird, siationem agere, I'ac. H. i, 
 28 ; in statione esse, Caes. B. G. 4, J2: 
 v. GrAKD, subs. (1.). 
 
 mountain : 1. mons, ntis, m. 
 (either a si7igle m., or a range ofm.s) : 
 to be surrounded by veiy lojty m.s. un- 
 dique altissirais m. contiueri, Caes. B. G. 
 J, I : an unbroken range of m.s, coniinui 
 m., Hor. Ep. i, 16, 5: or, perpetui m., 
 Kr. (cf. Plin. j, 5, 7, perpettia jnga) : et 
 pass. Fig.: the m.s are in labour, par- 
 turiunt in.. Hor. A. P. i J9 : to promise 
 m.s of gold (nuike extravagant promises), 
 monies auri polllccri, 'I'er. Ph. i, 2, 18: 
 i^all. 2. jusiim (a ridge : hence in 
 wider sense, o m. range): to reach a 
 certain point \>y marching along the 
 (ridges of the) m.s, jugis aliquo per- 
 venire, Caes. B. C. i, 70: esp. poet., it 
 !:preaiis desolation on tlie m.s, traxit jugis 
 ruinam, Vir^. Aen. 2, 6}i: more fully, 
 juga montis, id. E. 5, 76. (N.B. — In 
 this sense usu. pi.) See also iiii.i., 
 mount. 
 
 mountain-ash : omus : Virg. : Piin. 
 (Ace. to others, the common os/i.) *Sor- 
 bus aucup;iri;i, Uim. (K. and A.). 
 
 mountaineer : 1, homo monu- 
 nus: Caes. B. C. 1, 57 : or in pi. simply 
 montani : Caes. B. C. i, jq : Liv. 21, 
 }l, etc. 2. monticCla, ae, c. (oidy 
 poet.): Ov. M. I, iqj (m. Silvaiii = 
 dwelling in or haunting the mountains). 
 
 mountainous : 1. momuoMis 
 (alKiundivg in mountains) : m. regions, 
 m. loci, Cic. Part. 10, j6. Sent. pi. 
 montuosa = m. regions, Plin. 11, jj, 1 16. 
 Join: aspera et moniuosa [reglo], Cic. 
 PI. 9, 22. 2. montanus: a region m. 
 or level, locus m. an planus, (^uint. 5, 10, 
 J7 : Varr. yeut. pi. montana = m. re- 
 gions, Liv. 21. J4. '"'^ (N.B.— In the 
 best age, montanus denotes rather a cha- 
 racter of pfopfc than of countries). 
 
 mountainousness : expr. by montes, 
 
 montuosus: v. preced. artt. 
 
 mountebank: planus, circulator: 
 
 V. IMlosTiJU, qUACK. 
 
 mounted (paii. and adj.) : Phr.: 
 cavalry veil w ill m., *equestres copiae 
 optimis X. deterioribus equis instruciae: 
 a m. guard, •equestris custodia (like 
 equestres copiae, Cic. Fin. 2, J4, 112); 
 a sword-hilt m. ii-ith jeweU,*g\inli\ capu- 
 lus gemmis distinctus: or simply, gem- 
 matus : v. jewelled. 
 
 mounting (subs.) : expr. by \ erb : 
 V. to modnt. 
 
 mourn : 1. mgeo, xi, ctum, 2 
 (both trans, and intrans.): the senaJx 
 m.s, 1. .senatus, Cic. Mil. 8, 20: to m. 
 any one's death, mortem alicnjus 1., id. 
 Ph. 12, 10, 2; : also foil, by ace. and 
 inf.: he m.s lo think that the city has 
 been snatched out of his jaws, urbeni 
 ereplam esse ex suis faucibus luget, id. 
 Cat. 2, I, Jin. Often = to be in mourn- 
 ing : V. MOURNING, subs. 2. squaleo. 
 2 (to ivear soiled clothes in token of 
 mourning): cf. Cic. Mil. 8, 20, squalent 
 municipia, i. e. they are in nwuming. 
 3. moereo, 2 (to feel sorrow, and 
 display it in the countenavce,etc.) : both 
 trans, and intrans.: irhen all tlie good 
 m.'d in secresy and retirement, quum 
 oniiies boni abditi inclusique moererent, 
 Cic. in Pis. 9, 21 : to m. over the death of 
 a S07I, filii mortem m., id. Tusc. i, 48, 
 11; : also foil, by ace. and in/., Cic. Sext. 
 II, 2;. (N.B. — Moereo points more lo 
 deep-felt gnef ; lugeo, to a certain it- 
 cognized and formal expression of sor- 
 row.) 4. dbleo, 2 : V. to GRIEVE. 
 
 mourner : expr. by lugeo, squaleo : 
 cf. L. G. tj 6J8. 
 
 mournful : I. Causing sonow, 
 fraught rrith sorrow and moui-vinp : 
 
 1. luctuOsus: cf. Cic. de Or. j. 2. 8. 
 fuit hoc luctuosum suis, acerbum patriae. 
 grave bonis omnibus (mouinful...t'f- 
 jUicting. . .grievous'): the most m. hind 
 of death (suicide), luctuosissimum genus 
 mortis, Plin. Ep. i, 12. i. Join: mlsera 
 et luctuosa [tempora], Cic. Fam. 5, 14. 
 
 2. lugubris, e (in present sense, 
 poet.) : m. war, 1. belhim, Hor. Od. 2, i, 
 JJ: cf. infr. 3. tristis, e: v. sad. 4. 
 acerbus (causino poignant grirf or af- 
 JlictUm) : Join: luciuosus et acerbu.\ 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 18,48; acerba, mlsera, luc- 
 tuosa (pi. neut.), id. Mur. 41, qo : cf. 
 also supr. (1). II. J-.'xpressive of sor- 
 row : 1. Iiigubris, e : TO. nailing {f>rr 
 the dead), lamentatio )., Cia Tusc. I, ij, 
 JO: m. strains, cantns 1., Hor. Od. i, 24, 
 2: v. MOURNING (('<(;.) 2. lamenta- 
 bills, e (doleful, nailing): in m. toner, 
 1. voce, Cic. Tusc. 2. l J, J2. Also, gla- 
 mentabllis, ib. 24, 57- 3. moestus: 
 V. sokrowfitl. 4. flebllis, e (tearful, 
 
 full of distress) : grief is m. distrest, 
 "moeror (est) aegritudo {., lb. 4, 8. 18 : i»i. 
 measures, f. mo<ll, Hor. Od. 2.9,9: Or. 
 
 5. mTsCrabills, e: v. moving (a<0'.). 
 
 6*. squalTdus (in mourning attire) ; 
 V. MOURN im; (adj.). 
 
 mournfully : 1. inoest§ (sorraic- 
 fully) : Auct. Her. j, 14, 14. 2. Afbl- 
 liter (dolefully): Cic. Tusc. 2. 17, J9. 
 etc. : Hor (Or expr. by adjj. : they 
 stand TO. on the lofty toners, turribus 
 altis ?tant moesti, Virg. Aen. 9. 471 Qcf, 
 485
 
 MOURNFULN ESS 
 
 MOVE 
 
 MOVER 
 
 L. G. ^ J4O' coiiitts glare m., cometae 
 lugubre rubeiit, ib. 10, 2T j [L. G. } {44] : 
 also. Hfhilem s. miserabueiu In luuiiuiu ; 
 
 V. WANNEU.) 
 
 mournfulness : expr by adj. : there 
 is a in.abu.ithis icay uf speaking, *\\\e>X 
 oratioiii ejus nescin quid lugubre aique 
 affliciuiu what can exceed Cite m. of 
 this, *his quid potest esse luctuosius ? 
 
 V. MOUltNFDL. I 
 
 mouruing [subs.) : I. As felt : 
 
 luctus, Tuiieror ; v. grief. See also TO ^ 
 MOUKN. II, As expressed by tin; dress, 
 etc. : 1, luctus, us to be in w . in 1. 
 esse, Cic. Se.'vi. 14, init. : the m. was 
 limited to thirtij days, trigitna diebus I. 
 est tiniiiis, Liv. 22, 56: that does not go 
 into m., expers luctus, ib : to lay ujute 
 m., I. laeio cultii uiutare, lac. A. 2, 75, 
 extr. 2. squalor {Joul garment, as \ 
 the recognized symbol of grief ) : Join:' 
 squalor et sordcs, Cic. CUi. 6, 18: squalor ! 
 aujue moe.-titia, lac. H. i, 54. 3. I 
 sordes, luui, /. (like preced.) : to be 
 plunged t»! grief and ?/i., in lacrimis et 
 s. Jacere, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, med. : Liv. 6, 
 lb, Jin. : cl. supr. (2). 4. liigubria (fC. 
 vestimenta) to put <m m., 1. imponere, 
 Sen. Cons. Helv. 16, 2 ; indnere. Ov. M. 
 11.669 : to put off m., I. exuere, Sen. I.e. 
 Phr. : (i). to be in m. : (1). lugeo, xi, 
 ctum, 2 : it is unlawfnl for tliose who 
 are in m. to do it, lligentibus id tacere 
 est (nefas), Liv. 22, 5O, med. : Cic. : v. 
 TO MOURN (I). (2). squileo, 2 (to wear 
 the dingy garb of grief ) : th« municipal 
 touns are in m., squalen! niunicipia, 
 Cic. Mil. 8, 20; more full.v. squalebat 
 civitas publico consilio mutata veste, '\ 
 i. e. a general m. was appointed, id. Sext. 
 14, init. (N.B. — Not sordeo in this 
 sense.) (ii). logo into in. : (1). vesiltum 
 muto, I ; Cic. Sext. 14, j ; ; or vestem 
 muto, ib. 5 J2. (2). lagubria impono, 
 induo ; V. supr. (4). (iii). to leave off 
 TO. : (i). ad vestitum redeo, 4. in: : Cic. 
 Sext. 14, }}. (2). lugubriaexuo, i, atum, 
 J : V. supr. (4). See also sujir. (II, 1). 
 (iv). dressed in m. {in a stole of m.) : 
 (1). sordidatus : they came to Nome I 
 dressed in to., Romam venerunt sordi- 1 
 dati, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 25, Jin. : I'slc. \ 
 Join: mopstus ac sordidatus, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 47, 195. (2). lugubris, e (in 
 mourning, from bereacemenl ; whereas 
 sordidatus simply means attired in 
 vioarning garb, Jor any cause, e. g. the 
 danger of a criminal trial) : many dis- 
 tinguislied J'aniilit s were in m., multae 
 et clarae lugubres domus (erant), Liv. 
 i, J 2, med. (ibe opposite of which is, 
 expers luctus, nut in to., ib.). (3). 
 pullatus (like sordidatus : rare) : Juv. j, 
 21}. (4). squalidus (= preced. : rare): 
 Ov. M. i;, ?8. I'hr. : there uas not a 
 tingle family that was not in m., 
 nuUius pen.ites moeroris expertes erant, 
 Val. .Max. i, i, 15. 
 
 mourilillg (.adj-) •■ >• e- relating to 
 the iiutirard expression of grief : 1. 
 liigubris, e: to. attire, 1. vestis, Ter. 
 Heaut. 2, ?, 45 ; 1. cultus, Tac. A. i j, 
 }2. t'l. neut. lUgulria, to. attire. Sen. : 
 Ov. : V. wouKNiNG, subs. (Phr.). 2. 
 moestus m. garvient, m. vestis. Prop. : 
 
 V. SORROWFUL. 
 
 mouse : 1. mus, muris, to. : the 
 toicn and country m., m. urbaiius, rus- 
 ticus. Hor. S. 2, 6, 80 ■ Cio. tlie common 
 n., m. vulgaris, I'lin. 10, 7;, 94 called, 
 m. incola domuuni, id. 8, 57, 82 (not, 
 however, as a spe itic name : *mus nius- 
 culus, Linn.) field to., m. agrestic, Plin. 
 10, 65, 85. (For olher kinds, see Smith's 
 Lat. l)ict. s. v.) Oimm. mu.sculus (a 
 poor little to.), Cic. I>iv. 2, 14, tj. Adj. 
 murinus, of a m., mouse- .■ a m.-skin, 
 murina peliis, Plin. 29, 6, }6 ^^ ii? : Just. 
 2. sorex (o doubtful) . Ter Kun. 5. 
 (>,exlr (where I 'arry renders rat: ii is 
 nncertain what precise species is meant) : 
 Plin. 2. 41, 41 ^ 109. 
 
 colour: color miulnus: Col. 6, 
 
 }•], med. 
 
 ear: *niy6s6tis tdis,,/". ; Linn. 
 
 hole: caviis (muris) Hor. S. 2, 
 
 6, 116. (Or cavum : v. hole.) 
 
 tail : 'mySsurus. 
 
 486 
 
 mouse-trap : muscipulum : Phaedr. 
 4, I, 17 also — a; Sen. Ep. 48, ;. 
 
 mouser : Phr.: a cat that is a 
 good m., •lebs iiiuribus inestissinius. 
 
 moustache : perh. *grani. oruni (de- 
 scribtd as peculiar to the (iotbs) : Isid. 
 19, 2}. 7 (yuicli.). Phr.. not to wear 
 a in., superius labrunt ladere, cf. Caes. 
 B. Gr. 5, 14. (Ivr. gives, barbula labri 
 superioris ; yuich. myslax, e.\ Hier.) 
 
 mouth {subs.) : I. '// men or 
 
 animals : 1, os, oris, n. : (he m. is 
 admirably fitted Jor receiving all these 
 {J'ood, drink, air), ad haec omnia perci- 
 pienda os est aptissimuiii, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 54, 1 54 : nith loaded to. {of tlie mother 
 bird), ore pleiiu, Juv. 10, 2?2 : Hor. 
 (But OS is often used in wider sense: 
 V. FACE, L 2.) Phr.: 'tis in everybody's 
 m. {common talk), in ore est omni po- 
 pulo, I'er. Ad. I, 2, IJ : so, habere aliquid 
 in 01 e, to have it perpetually in oie's in. 
 {be ever talking of it), Cic. Fam. 6, 18. 
 extr. 2. rostrum {the beak of a bird , 
 snout of an animal, as the pig, goat, 
 etc.) : V. BEAK, SNOUT. Facete, ot the m. 
 (muzzle or snotU) of a human being, PI. 
 Men. 1, 1, 1 J. P h r. : to open a broad m., 
 riclum diducere, Juv. 10, 2jo: not to 
 open the mouth too uide (in speaki7ig), 
 ne immodicus hiatus rictum distendat 
 (al. disciiidat). Quint, i, 11, 9 : generally, 
 to open the to., hiare. Juv. 10, 2JI : Hor.; 
 so, with m. ivide open, hianti ore, Curt. 
 4, 16, med.: to look at a horse's to., 
 equi denies inspicere (v. horse, Phr.) : 
 to shut mie's m. about anything, tacere, 
 reticere (keep a thing batk) : ato mus- 
 sare, PI. Aul. 2, 1. 12; mussiiare, id Mil. 
 2, 5,67 (v. SILENT, TO be). II, Of things : 
 1. OS (by analogy with the human 
 mouth : any mouth-like aperture) : an 
 aperture n-itli a wide m., laio o. fenestra, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 482 : vessels with a small 
 m., vasciila o angusti. Quint, i, 2, 28: 
 alS'i o) rivers, etc. : in the very to. of the 
 harbour, in ipsu aditu atque ore portus, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 12, }o : at the m.fftlie Tiber 
 (a city was built), in ore Tiberis, Liv. i, 
 5 ;, extr. : Tac. 2. ostium (of rivas, 
 etc.) : tlie TO. of the Rhonv, o. Rhodani, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, I : the m. of a harbour, o. 
 [aditusque] portus, Cic. Verr. 4, ;}. 118. 
 3. caput, itis, n. (more strictly, the 
 source of a river, but also found to denote 
 the other extremity) : it Jiows into the 
 sea by many to-i, multis c. in oceanum 
 influii, Cae«. B. C. 4, 10, extr. 4. 
 aditus, us (access, entrance) : Virg. G. 4, 
 }$ (of the m.s of hives) : cf. supr. (IL, 
 I ). Phr.: them.oj ahive, foramen quo 
 exitus el introitus datur (apibus). Col. 
 
 9, 7, ad fin. (R. and A.) : but a little 
 above, ora cavearum, in same sense. 
 See also, aperture, okifice. 
 
 mouth (v) : perh. ampuUor, i : cf. 
 Hor. Ep. I, }, 14. an tragica desaevit et 
 anipullatur in arte, does he fum£ and 
 mouth in tragic sti/ie ? Phr.: words 
 should neither bem.'dout nor pronounced 
 with affected nicety, *verba neque tu- 
 niido ore (infiatis buccis) quasi in scenis 
 pronuntianda neque piitidius sunt ex- 
 prinienda (cf. Hor. A. P. 94 : Cic. de Or. 
 J.ii, 4')- 
 
 mouthful : 1. bucoa (melon.) : 
 a TO. of bread, b. panis, Petr. 44 : Mart. 
 
 10, 5, 4- 2. buccea ; to eat (just) tu 
 m.s, duas bucceas manduca-e, Aug. in 
 Suet. vit. •jb.fin. 3. buccella: Mart. 
 6. 75, }. To take a to. (or tuo) of fool, 
 gusiare, PUn. Ep. 3, ;, 11. See al.so 
 MORSEL ; the words under which express 
 the same general sense. 
 
 mouthpiece : I. ^kat part of a 
 wind instrument to vhich the mouth is 
 applied : 'ea pars quae ori inseritur, 
 applkatur. ||. One who delivers the 
 opinions of others : interpres, etis, c. 
 (cf. Hor. A. P. II I, interprete lingua, the 
 tongue being the instrument by which 
 our thoughts are made intelligible) ; 
 orator : v. spokesman. 
 
 move (w) •• A. Trans.: j. To 
 cause change of place : 1. moveo, 
 
 movi, turn, 2: Cic: Virg.: pass. Also 
 comp. commoveo, 2 (to m. about, put in 
 commotion) : v. to stir. 2. agito, i 
 
 (to to. quickly, shake about) v. to sha kk. 
 Phr.; to m. heaven and earth, nianiliUR 
 pedibus obnixe omnia tacere, I'er. Andr. 
 I, I, IJ4: or perh. superos inlerosqut 
 deos (utaiunt) niovere, tentare (cl. Virg. 
 Aen. 7, 312, fiectere si nequeo superos 
 Acherontamuvebo); or without a figure, 
 omnia experiri, Ter. Andr. 2, I, 11. 
 II, Special phr., to m. the boivels : 
 alvum dejicere, Cato R. H. mH; solvere, 
 Cels. I, 3. ad fin. , elicere, I'lin. 19 5, 26 
 $ 80. Ill, Jo affect the feelings- 
 
 m6veo, 2 : to to. the Jeelings o) judges, 
 animos judicura ni.. Quint. 6, 2, i : to m. 
 the (Roman) people to tears, 111. lletum 
 populo, Cic. de Or. i, 53, 228: to m. 
 any one's ill-tein2Jer, alicui stomaihuin 
 m., id. Mur. 13, 28. Comp. conimoveo, 
 2 (stronger than simple verb, and very 
 fieq. in this sense), to m. (uoik upon 
 thefeelings of) courts, judicia c, id. de 
 Or. 2, 45, 189: to be m.d by any one' i 
 sufferings and dajifliers, alicnjusmiseriis 
 ac periculis conimoveri, id. Font. 16. !6. 
 See also to excite. Phr.: to m. any 
 one to pity, aliquem ad niisericordiani 
 deducere, adducere, Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 
 189: / am m.d to pity, me miseret 
 (with gen. of exciting cause) : v. to 
 PiTV. IV. I'o influence : m6veo, per- 
 moveo; inipello: v. to influence, in- 
 duce. B, 1 n trans. : j. To be in 
 motion : niSveor, 2 {pass, refl.) : that 
 which TO.s of itself, quod ipsum ex se 
 sua sponte movetur, Cic. N. 1). 2, 12, n: 
 the clods began to m., glebae coepere 
 moveri, Ov. M. 3, 106: also act. voice, 
 with pron. refl. : to be ever m.ing. semper 
 se movere, Cic. N. 1). i, 13, 33. (Not 
 commoveri or commovere se in this 
 sense.) ||, To remove from a place : 
 1, m6veo, 2 (wiih prmt. refl.): he 
 instructed them not to m.from the spot, 
 praecepit eis, ne se ex eo loco moverent, 
 Liv. 34, 20, med. : so with ellipsis of se, 
 esp. in describing military movements : 
 Hannibal m.d from his mnter-quaiiers, 
 Hannibal ex hibernis movit, Liv. 22, 
 init. In same usage, se commovere 
 (rather stronger than simple verb ; to 
 stir): Caes. B. G. 3, 15. 2. niigro, i 
 (to change one's abode) : v. to removk 
 (iutraus.). |||, To make a motion in 
 an assembly : fero (before the people), 
 rfifero (before the senate), censeo (de- 
 noting the formal expression of an 
 opiniuyi) : v. motion (UI., Phr.). 
 move on : progrgdior, 3- V. to pbo- 
 
 CEKD. 
 
 round : circumago, 3 (with pron. 
 
 refl. or as pass.) : v. to revolve. 
 
 move (subs.): |. of a piece, as in 
 chess: expr. by mSveo, 2: Quint. 11, 2, 
 38. II, An ingenious course of pro- 
 ceeding : perh. artif icjum ; cf. Cic. Verr. 
 4, 40, extr. See also trick. 
 
 moveable : mobllis, e ; the eyes, 
 slippery and to., oculi lubrici et m., 
 Cic N. D. 2, 57, 142 (but the word usu. 
 denotes more than the Eng. : viz., eoudly 
 or readily moved, as here) : m. property, 
 res ni., Ulp. Dig. 6, i, i $ i (for which 
 Liv. has res moventes, f, 25, med). 
 Phr.: all their m. property, sua omnia 
 quae moveri poteiant, Nep. Ihem. 2 : 
 a TO. festival, feriae conceptivae, Macf. 
 Sat. 1,17, init : Varr. 
 
 moveables (subs.) .- v. preced. art. 
 
 moveless : Immotus : V. immove- 
 able. 
 
 movement: I. change of posi- 
 tion : motus, us: v. motion. || An 
 agitation, commotion: motus: v. com- 
 motion, DISTURBANCE. Phr.: the to. 
 party, rerum novarum avidi (which 
 however has usiL a bad sense). Sail. Jug. 
 1 9, init. ; comp. novis rebus studere. 
 Cic. Cat. I, init. ; v. REvOLcrrou. |||. 
 In music : perh. mOdus : v. strain. 
 
 mover : '• e. one who impels to ac 
 tion : 1, auctor {originatoi ) : the in 
 in that prefect, ejus consilil a., Caes 
 B. G. 6, 31 : Cic. : the to. of laws, a. 
 legum, Liv. 6, 36, med. (rare in precisely 
 th'8 last sense). 2. lator: v. pro- 
 poser. 3. impulsor: v. instigator. 
 
 4. dux, di'icis, c. (the "prime mover")! 
 Join: dux et magister (ad aliquid &-
 
 M O V I N O 
 
 MUDDLE 
 
 MULTIPLICATION 
 
 dendum;, Cic Verr. }, ii, 54; v. ansa- 
 
 PEA DEB. 
 
 moving (.o^^j) ■ '• fi- calculated to 
 excite jnly : 1. flebilis, e . o v-retclied 
 and m. sight, misera et f. species, Cic. 
 Ph. II, J, 7 : TO. strains, f. modi, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 9, 9- (N.B. By no means coni- 
 movens [K. and A.] ; cf. Nagels. p. }2I : 
 though the verb commoveo may olten 
 serve, with object expressed : a m. 
 strain, •aptus commovendis animis 
 cantus, Nagels. I.e.) 2. niiseraliilis, e 
 ^piteous) • m. epilogues {peroration f), 
 m. epilog!, Cic. I'l. 54, 8j: Hor. Phr. : 
 in the most m. manner, magna cum 
 misericordia fletuque, Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 
 extr. 
 
 movingly : P"rh. flebiliter (mourn- 
 full!;, jilaintiieln): Cic. 
 
 mow (''•) •■ H h r. : to TO. grass (for 
 hay), lenum sccarc, siibsecare, caedtTc, 
 succidere, denietere ; v. hay. (Melere 
 appears to be used only of reaping.) 
 
 mower : fenlse.\, liis (loen-) : V'arr. 
 R. R. I, 49: Col. Less freq. feniscca, 
 Pers. 6, 40 : also, fenisector or feni 
 sector: Col. II, 1, med. (Messor is 
 reader : q. v.) 
 
 mowing (subs.) : feuisicium : also, 
 a, ae ; v. ha^-hakvest. 
 
 much (arf?)-" 1. multus : tt-ith 
 m. gold and silrer, cum auro et argento 
 multo. Sail. .luu. I ?, med. : cith vi. t<dl, 
 m. lai'ore, Cic. SuU. 26, 7? : in nmn. and 
 ace, the partitive omstr. is usu. pre- 
 ferred to spend III. lime orer anything, 
 mulium tiMiip.'ris in allqua re con- 
 guiiiere. id. Ac. 2, 4, I2: sn, very m.. 
 pliirimum (cf. L. G. ^ 270): very m. 
 labour and utility, laboiis, utilitatis 
 plurinium, t^iiiiit. 10, }. I Cic. 2. 
 with al.)struct sutHS., magnus (somewhat 
 stronger ihan niultus): v. great. 
 
 much (as suOs.) : multum : v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 much (adv.): 1. multum (with 
 verbs) : not to trust m., non ni. con- 
 fldere, Caes. H. G. j, 25 : titey are m. 
 (engaged) in the cfiase, m. sunt in vena- 
 tionibus, ib. 4, i: Cic. Les». freq. wiih 
 compar. (= multo, infr) : m. niore 
 robust, multum robusiior, Juv. 10, 197. 
 Very m., plurimum : to love any one 
 very m., aliquem plurimum diligere. Cic. 
 Fam. 1,7: as m. as possible, quantum 
 plurimum, Quint. II, J, 120. 2. along 
 with compar. and less freq. superl. : 
 multo : m. tlf easier route, va. facilius 
 atque e.\pcditius iter, Cae.s. B. G. i, 6 : m. 
 Oie gre"test part, m. (= longe) maxima 
 pars, Cic. Man. 18, 54: Quint. Also wilh 
 verbs and other words implying com- 
 parison : it is m. better, m. praestat. 
 Sail. Jug. Ji ; to prefer m., m. ante- 
 ponere,Cic. Fin. 4, 18. 49 : not m. before, 
 non m. ante, Nep. Epani. j : Cic. 3. 
 va (in a high degree) : to praise 
 any one too m., aliquem uiinis v. laudare, 
 Cic. Leg. J, I, I. See also gkeatlt, 
 
 EXCEEDINGLY. 
 
 aSt as : I. -^dj. .- tantus . . quan- 
 
 tus : Cic. : v. GREAT, AS. (N.B. — The 
 first correlative is very often omitted.) 
 Dimin., quantulns (when a »mall quan- 
 tity is spoken of ) : as ni. (and no more) 
 as he thought proper, quantulum (sc. 
 pecuniae) visum est, Cic. Div. Verr. 17, 
 extr. : as m. as you please, quantusvis ; 
 PI. True. 2, 7, 22. II. Adv.: 1. 
 tantum . . . quantum : if you lore, me as 
 m. as you assuredly dn, si me amas 
 tantum, quantum profecto amas, Cic. 
 Att. 2. 20, ;. Dimin.. quantulum, id. 
 Verr. j, i.fn. (quantulum judicare p&s- 
 sumus), 2. wi til comparati ves : tanto . . . 
 quanto : v. MftH (so). Also sometimes 
 with superl.- cf.Catul.49, tanto pessimus 
 (xnnium poeta. quanto tu optimus om- 
 nium patronus . Veil. 3. with verbs of 
 valuing, lanti .quanti : v. to value; 
 and foil. an. 
 
 how : I. ■^'^J- ■' quantus : v. 
 
 GRKAT (how). Esp. with part. gen. 
 Juno TO. com, quantum frumenti, Cic. 
 Verr. j, 18, i«i<.: so, quantum tempons, 
 laboris, etc. : id. pass. Very olt. in gen. 
 with verbs of valuing : A'lc m. did he 
 gitxi (for him) f quanli emit ? Ter. Kun. 
 
 5, 5, 14 : see how much I prize you, vide 
 quanti apud me sis, Cic. Kam. 7, 19. 
 II. .Mr.: quantum: v. MDCH (a.s). 
 muchi so: tantus (also, tammultus, 
 cf. Cic. Fin. 1, i. i, tantum studiura 
 lamque multam operam ponere in aUqua 
 re : the latter lomi is more emphatic): 
 same constr. asquantus : v. much (how). 
 , too : I. ^<0 •• n'mius: v. ex- 
 cessive. ,Veut. nimliim used as subs.: 
 the mean betv:een too to. avA Uei little, 
 mcdiocrilas quae est inter nimium ei 
 parimi, Cic. Off. i, 25, /m.: too m. gol<l 
 and silver, auri argentique n., I'lin. 
 II. Adi: : 1. nimis : nothing too 
 m. (in excess), ne quid nimi.s I'er. Andr. 
 I, I, J4 (Gr. fj.ri&iu ayav) : strengthened 
 by valde (nimis valde laudare), Cic. Leg. 
 }, init. In same ^ens<•, nimium : you 
 indulge him too to., imiiim ill! indulges, 
 Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 20 (.but nimis, nimium, 
 often denote simply, in a high degiee, 
 extremely: v. Lat. Diet. s. vv.). 2. 
 plus aequo (more than is fair or rea- 
 simabk) : cf. Sail. Cat. 51, injurias 
 gravius aequo habere, to feel injuries 
 loo much, too deeply: cf. Hor. Od. j, 29, 
 51, ultra fas trepidare, i. e. to be too m. 
 alarmed, 
 
 — less : 1. nednm (ut) : v. less 
 (much). 2. ne (= nedum : rare) : 
 as fur me, nothing of the kind ejrr in- 
 fluenced me even uhen I nas a young 
 man ; m. less now I am old. me vero 
 nihil istorum ne juvenem quidem movet, 
 ne nunc senem, Cic. Fam. 9. 26, med. : 
 tf. PI. Am. 1, I, 174, vix inredo inanis, 
 ne ire posse cum onere existimes where 
 the verb supplies the ellipse, that you 
 may not suppose I coukl ualJc nith a 
 load). 3. e.xpr. by ne . . . quidem . . . 
 non mOdo : even p'gs n-ould not n ishfor 
 Viat : m. less oneself, ne sues quidem id 
 velint, non modo ipse, Cia I'usc 1, !8, 
 92. Instead of non modo, Tac. has adeo 
 with a negative: cf. Ann. 6, 15,^"., 
 ne . . . quidem . . . adeo . . . nunqu/im = 
 much less (did he) ever. 4. expr. by 
 tantum abest ut . . . (inverting the ord-r 
 of the clauses) : Demosthenes himself 
 does not satisfy me ; to. less can J ad- 
 mire my oivn %vritings, *tintum abest 
 ut nostra miremur, ut nobis non satis- 
 faciat Demosthenes (R and A.): better 
 pi-rh. ut nobis ne Demosthenes quidem 
 satisfaciat; cf. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 absum (I., Bn.). 
 
 mucilage : perh. mudlago, inis, /. ; 
 as sclent t. t. 
 
 muck: stercus, quisquiliae, purga- 
 menta : v. dung, refuse. 
 
 muck-heap: sterqullinlum (dung- 
 hill): Cato: Col. 
 
 mucous: mQcosus (slimy, resem- 
 bling mucus): Col. (cruenta et mucos;i 
 ventris profluvies) : necessary also as 
 mod. 1. 1. 
 
 mud : 1. lutum (ordinary dirt, 
 as of highvays) : bespattered with rain 
 and m., imbre 1. qtie aspersus, Hor. Ep. 
 I, II, II : Cic: Caes. Pro v.: to stick 
 in the m. (not to be able to get on), in 
 (medio) 1. esse, PI. Ps. 4, 2, 27 ; in I. 
 haesitare (haerere). Ter. Ph. ;, 2, 15. 
 Covered with m., lutulentus, Ov. JI. i, 
 4J4 : V. MUDDY. 2. limus (s^i'ni V TO.) : 
 fertilizing m.. felix 1., Virg. G. 2, i88: 
 the (overjlou-iiig) rirer coveis everything 
 u-ith a layer of m., amnis obducto tenet 
 omnia 1., ib. i, ii? : Liv. 3. coenum 
 (fold, stinking m.): Cic: Col. 
 
 mud-built: Iflteus: Ov. F. I, 158 
 (1. opus ^ tlie sualloto's nest) : Plin. : 
 V. mid-wai.u 
 
 muddily: lutulente: Non iji, ?2- 
 
 Or expr. by adj. : as hejlctved m. along, 
 
 qinmi flueret lutulentus, Hor. S. I, 4, 1 1 : 
 
 ct. L. G. J J4?. 
 
 muddiness : pxpr. by IQtum, mtQ- 
 
 lintUS : V. MUD, MUDDY. 
 
 muddle (subs.): p-rh. turba: v. mess 
 (IV.). Phr. . everything vas in a m., 
 *confusa erant omniii, tanquam temero 
 ac nullo consilio administrata. 
 
 muddle ('-) •■ I. ^o "»"*•« fluids 
 
 muddy: Phr.: to to. ivater, aquam 
 turbuientam (or turbldam, cf. Cic. I'usc. 
 5, J4, 97) laicere, Phaedr. 1,1.;; (aquam") 
 
 turbare,Ov. M. 7. 154 (cf. Hor.S. i, i,60b 
 aqua limo turbaia). ||. Tu Uiiou- int« 
 confusion . contundo, permisceo, per- 
 
 turbo : V. TO CONKUSK. DISTURB. |||. 
 
 In p;i8S., to be m.d ^to be intoxicaled, 
 ebrium t-sse, vino madere v. drunk. 
 
 muddy : 1. liiiosus (full of mud, 
 in a mwidy state) . m. soil, L terra, Cito 
 in Pliii. 18, 19, 49 5 176 : CoL 2. lutu- 
 lentus (covered n ith m.) : Ov. M. 1, 454. 
 3. liittus (strictly, of mud , mud' 
 buUt: also in later writers ^lululen- 
 lUB); Juv. 10, i}i(=diity): Plin. 4. 
 limosus (cf. MUD. 2) ■ Virg. . Ov. 5. 
 turbidus (oftvater) : Qc. I'usc. 5, {4, 97 : 
 Virg. (for which Phaedr. has turbu- 
 lentus, I, 1,5: and Hor. limo tnrbatus, 
 S. I, I, 60). 
 
 mud-wall: l&tamentum (mu<^I(■orfc 
 of any kind): Caio R. R. n^J. (Or cir- 
 cuml., murus crudo latere ac lulo con- 
 structus. Col. 9, I, poit init.; murus 
 lateribus conslructus, cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 
 10: or simply, luteus murus: cl. I'litu 
 I- 56, 57 ^ 19+ Tiixius . . . lutei aedificil 
 inventor, i. e. tUe inventor of mud-huuset, 
 as an improrement upon caves). 
 
 muif: *tegiimenlum manuum pel- 
 lireuin (Kr.); »integumenlum manibus 
 involvendis quam nostrates muffam 
 dicunt. 
 
 muffle: 1. involvo. vi, Otum, j: 
 V. TO " RAP UP. 2. obvolvo, } (to 
 cover by a wrapper laid upon anything) ; 
 nith the head m.d up, aipite obvoluto, 
 Cic. Verr. 5. 28, 72: I.iv. Ph r.. a m.d 
 sound, "sonus surdus (sumniis.-us) et 
 qu.ills tit campanae la,»ciis obvolutae : 
 the bells rang a md p-al, *sumniis>o 
 miirmure campanae sonabant. 
 
 muffler: nean-st Word, involiicrum: 
 v. wraj-pkr. Phr.: to put a m. over 
 the head, caput obvolvere : v. to muffle. 
 
 mug : pociilum, urceoa : v. cup, 
 
 PITCH KR. 
 
 muggy : Phr.: m. atmosphere, •coe- 
 lum deiisum atque humidum. 
 
 mulberry: I. TI"" tree: moms: 
 
 Ov.: Plin. H. ne fruit : morum: 
 
 Hor.: Plin. (Cf. Smith's Lat. Diets. V.) 
 
 mulct : V- F'^-'E. 
 
 mule ; mulus : PI. : Cic. As term 
 of reproach: you to., mule' Cat. 8(, j 
 /'em. niiila : Pro v., uhen the m. foals, 
 i. e. never, quum mula peperit. Suet. 
 Gal. 4. See also hybrid. 
 
 miileteer : mulio, onis, m. : Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 45 : Suet. (Also, muli agitator, 
 cf. Virg. G. 1, 27 t.) 
 
 mulish: obstinatns: v. STUBBORN. 
 
 mull ('•■) : Phr.: to m. vine, 'vinum 
 fervefacere, atque odores (arom Jta"> ad- 
 jicere, addere : ct. Col. 12, 20. 
 
 mullein: *verbascum (Linn.). 
 
 mullet: 1. muUus: Cic: Varr. 
 
 Dimin. niuUulus, Cic Par. 5, 2, j8 
 (OrcU. mullos). 2. P<'''h- mtigil or 
 
 mugilis, is, m. (v. Smith's Lat. Dlcu 
 s. V.) : used as an insti-ument in punish- 
 ing adulteiers, Juv. 10, J17 : CaL : 
 Plin. 
 
 mullion: *mu//ioquidicltur. 
 
 multangular : multanguius : v. 
 
 POLVCONAL. 
 
 multifarious : viirius, multiplex : 
 v. VAKiou.s MANIFOLD. Phr.: tohavt 
 such m. engagevunits, tot tantisque dis- 
 tineri occupatlonibus, cf. Cic. Fam. I2, 
 JO, init.: TO. learning, varia et miscella 
 et quasi confusanca doctrina. Gell. pref. : 
 to be a peison of icide and m. reading, 
 multa et varia "hctitare, ib. (Multlfa- 
 rius = of many kinds, Gell. 5, 6, init.) 
 
 multifariously: variG; muitis va- 
 
 riisque modis : v. various, vaRiouslt. 
 (.Multifariam = t'» many places: Cic. 
 de Or. 2.41, init.: Liv.) 
 
 multiform : nmltlformis, e : Cic. 
 Acad. I, ■;, 26 : Col. 
 
 multilateral : v. pcltgonal. 
 
 multiple : *numenis multiplus (after 
 anal.of duplus, quadruplus); nmltiplum 
 (like duplum, iluuble): in scient. lang. 
 only. (Or circuml. *numerus qui se 
 altero numero dividi patitur, Ita ut nihil 
 fiat rellqui.) 
 
 multi->lication: multiplicatio • 'lie 
 sum which results from m. {•• prfxluct J. 
 
 487
 
 Mtri.TIPLIER 
 
 MURDEROUS 
 
 MUSCLE 
 
 snmma qaae ex m. eSicitur, Col. ;, 2, 
 init. (Or expr. by verb v. to mul- 
 tiplt). 
 multiplier ■ *numeru8 multiplicans. 
 multiply: I. To increase by arith- 
 metical pi ocess ; miiltiplico, I : to TO. tlie 
 two sides (of a rectangle) into each other, 
 va. inter se duo latera, Col. 5, 2, irtit. : 
 to TO. a number by itself, numerum in 
 se m., ib. med. -. also, numerum cum 
 altero numero m., ib. || In gen. sense, 
 to increase greatly : muUiplico, i debts 
 were m.'d in those two years, aes alienum 
 eo biennio multiplicatum est, Caes. B. C. 
 }, }2:0v. Viilg. Gen. xvi. 10. |||, 
 
 1 n t r a n s., to grow vn numbers : cresco, 
 augeor, etc. ; v. to increase. Increase 
 and m., crescite et multiplicamini Vulg. 
 Gen. i. 28. 
 multitude : I. ^ ?»■««* number; 
 1, raultitudo : a to. of ships, m. 
 navium, Caes. B. G, 5, 8 : Cic. 2. 
 expr. by mulli, ae, a; or stronger, plu- 
 rimi : v. many. In like manner, such a 
 to., tot : V. MANY (so). 3. vis, vim, 
 
 vi, f, (a very large number or great 
 abundance of anything : "a host"): an 
 immense n. (or quantity) of frogs, vis 
 maxima ranunculorum, Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 
 fin.: see also HOST (II.). (N.B.— Beware 
 of silva in this stuse ; it denotes the sub- 
 ject matter of a science ; of. Cic. de Or. j, 
 }o,init.) II, A great number of people: 
 1, mullitudo : so vast a to., tanta m., 
 Caes. B. Li. 2, 6 : Cic. : in this sense, may 
 be foil, by hominum : Cic. Caec. 12, ij. 
 Join: quanta multitudo, quanta vis 
 hominum, id Verr. 2, 2, 66, 160. 2. 
 vis hominum: cf. supr. (I., 3). 3. 
 turba (a TO. in amfusion): v. crowd, 
 THRONG. 4. coetus, US (an assem- 
 blage of any kind): Cic: Suet. |||. 
 T)ie common run of m£n, as distin- 
 guisliedfimn the more select feio : 1. 
 vulgus, i, n. (rarely ni.) : there is no 
 vnsdom in the to., non est consilium in 
 v., Cic. PI. 4, 9 : adapted to please the 
 TO., gratum in vulgus, id. Alt. 2, 22: 
 Virg. : Hor. 2. multitiido (a less 
 
 offensive expr. than preceding): to de- 
 pend upon the errors of the ignorant m., 
 ex errore imperiUie m. pendere, Cic. Off. 
 I, 19, 65 : the credu'ous to., credula m.. 
 Just. 2, 8, fin. P h r. : one of the to. (a 
 person of no distinction), unus e multis, 
 Cic. Fin. 2. 20, fin. : also, unus de multis, 
 id. Off. I, JO, 109. 
 
 multitudinous : plurlmus (cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 2, j69, plurima mortis imago) ; or, 
 densissimus, creberrimus (very thick, 
 thronging together) : v. numerous, 
 CROWDED (.adj.). 
 
 mumble: murmilro, i : v. to mutter. 
 mummer: p^rh. indius (a pantn- 
 
 mimist) : Cic. Se.\t. 54. 116. (More 
 precisely, *ludius personalus.) 
 
 mummery : perh. praestigiae, arum : 
 
 V. TRICK. 
 
 mummy : corpus (cadaver) art? me- 
 dicatum, od<jribus differtum : cf. Mela, 
 
 I, 9 (mortuos arte niedicatos intra 
 
 penetralia collocant) ; Tac. A. 16, 6 
 (corpus. . .differtum odoribus conditur). 
 P h r. : fo beat to am., ad mortem mulcare, 
 Ter. Ad. i, 2, 10: verberibus (pugnis, 
 plagis) usque ad necem caedere, cf. id. 
 Andr. i, 2, 28. (Late Lat. rauniia, de- 
 iionng the aromatic substance used in 
 embalming ; and so, an embalmed body: 
 Du Cange, s. v.) 
 
 mumps : *cy nanche parotidaea (Web- 
 ster). 
 
 munch. ; mandOco, I ; mando, j ; v. 
 
 TO CHEW 
 
 mundane ; mundanus (relating to 
 the world or universe) : the m. soul ( rital 
 principle of the world), animu m., Macr. 
 3. S. 2, 16, fin. (Or gen. of mundus: v. 
 
 WORLD.) 
 
 municipal: 1. municipal is, e (of 
 or relating lo a municipium or toaoi 
 having laws of its own) : a to. common- 
 wealth, respublica m., Cic. Leg. i, 16. 
 36 ; J». magistracies, magisteria m., 
 Suet. Aug. 2. 2. expr. by munici- 
 pium (a TO. toum ■ cf. supr. i): the m. 
 elections, *comitia municipii or munici- 
 V'iccum. cf. Diet. Ant. p. ji8. 
 488 
 
 municipality: miiuicipium: cf.pre- j 
 ced. art. ! 
 
 munificence : 1. munif icentia 
 (subs, not in Cic); Join: beneficia 
 (pi.) ac munificentla. Sail. Cat. 54, init. ; 
 liberalitas et munificentia, Julian. Dig. : 1 
 V. LiBER.vi.iT7. 2. largitas; Cic. Br. j 
 4, 16 (1. tui muneris). 1 
 
 munificent : 1. miinTf icus, comp. 
 -cenlior, sup. -centissimus (giving freely 
 and bountifully) : to be m. in giving, in 
 dando m. esse, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64. 2. 
 
 liberiilis, e . v. liberal, bountiful. 
 
 munificently: munifice(cf. preced. 
 art.): Cic. N. D. j, 27, 69 (tarn m. et 
 tarn large dare) . v. liber.allt. 
 
 muniment: munlmentum: v. FORTI- 
 FICATION. A m.-room, *cella ab incen- 
 dlis ceterisque periculis tuta. 
 
 munition : V- FORTIFICATION. Phr.; 
 m.s of war, belli apparatus, Caes. 
 
 mural : miiralis, e : a TO. crown, co- 
 rona lu., Llv. 2}, 18, med. : Caes. 
 
 murder (subs.) .- l. caedes, is, /. 
 (slaughter of one or many, strictly with 
 the sn-ord) : if a to. iMve taken place, 
 they (the Druids) try the criminal, si 
 caedes facta est, iidem decernunt, Caes. 
 6, 1 J : Sail. : Cic. Join; caedes et oc- 
 cisio (for greater precision and empha- 
 sis), Cic. Caec. 14, Jin. 2. expr. by 
 neco. interficio, obtrunco, etc. : by the 
 m. of his son he cleared his house for 
 the guilty match, necato filio vacuam 
 domum scelestis nuptiis fecisse. Sail. Cat. 
 I ; ; he procured the to. of Aurius, Au- 
 rium tollendum interUciendumque cura- 
 
 vit. Cic. ClU. 8, 2}: v. TO MURDER. 3. 
 
 nex, necis, f. (death try violent or cruel 
 means : ne.\ is passive in sense, and so 
 correlative to caedes, which is active) : 
 the m. of many citizehs, multorum 
 civium neces, Cic. Cat. i, 7, 18: v. 
 DEATH. 4. parricidium (to. of father, 
 mother, or other near relation) : the to. 
 if a father and uncle, patris et patrui 
 p., Cic. Ph. J, 7, 18 : (f a brother, p. fra- 
 ternum, id. Clu. 11, init.: p. Iralris, 
 Liv. 40, 24 : and even, p. filii, the m. of 
 a son, Liv. 8, 11, med. 5. homici- 
 dium (infreq.) : Tac. G. 21: Quint.: v. 
 HOMICIDE. Phr.: to aicuse anyone of 
 m. (assassi7}ation), aliquem inter sica- 
 rios accusare, Cic. R. Am. J2, 90: a 
 trial for to., quaestio inter sicarios, id. 
 CUi. 5J, 147. 
 
 murder (v.) •• 1, neco, i : v. to 
 KILL. 2. jugulo, I (as a cut-throat 
 does) : he directed that most excellent 
 citizens should be m.'d, cives optimos 
 jugulari jussit, Cic. Ph. }. 2, 4: cf. Hor. 
 Ep. I, 2, ii, ut jugulent homines, sur- 
 guiit de nocte latrones. 3. trucido, i 
 (to slay wholesale) : v. to butcher, mas- 
 sacre. 4. obtrunco, i (to cut donn 
 with the sword, assassinate ; whereas 
 nflco is to kill in arty wicked or cruel way 
 soccer): lie m.s Polydorus, and forcibly 
 possesses himself of his gold, I'olydorum 
 obtruncat, et auro vi putitur, Virg. .\en. 
 ?, 5?: Liv. I, 5, extr. (X.B. — .Not in 
 the prose of Cic.) 5. interficio, } (to 
 put to death in any rcai/) : Join; tol- 
 lere atque interficere, Cic. Clu. 8, 2J : v. 
 
 TO KILL. 
 
 murderer: 1. hSmicida, ae, c. 
 
 (infreq., but apparently a legal term) : 
 nhether they (Brutus and Cassiui) are 
 m.s or liberators of their country, homi- 
 cidae sint an vindices patriae, Cic. Ph. 2, 
 12, extr.: Juv. : Quint. 2. siciirius 
 
 (one whose trade is murder) : Cic. : 
 Hor. : V. assassin. 3. parricida (of a 
 father, mother, or other near relation) : 
 V, parricide, fratricide. 4. expr. l:)y 
 cireuml. with neco, occido, etc. : they say 
 tluxt one who is by his own confessum 
 a to., ought not to look upon the light of 
 day, negant intueri lucem esse fas ei, 
 qui a se hominem occisum esse faleatur, 
 Cic. Mil. J, 7 . V. TO murder, kill. 
 
 murderous: Phr.: to carry a ivea- 
 pon with to. nilent, esse cum telo homi- 
 nis occidendi causa, Cic. Mil. 4, 11 : the 
 missiles fill with m. effect, *missilia (or 
 lormenia, if the ri'ference is to engines 
 of war, artillery) foedam stragem dedere ; 
 vis ingens missilium teloium est conjecta 
 
 cum magna [hostium] strage: cf. Liv 
 7i 2}, fin. ; 38. 22, ad fin. ; also, havoc 
 (Also, sanguiuarius, cruenlus, sangui- 
 neus, the two latter only in verse, may 
 sometimes serve : v. bloody, blood- 
 thirsty.) 
 
 murderously ; perh. atrottter (cru- 
 elly, horribly): cf. Tac. H. i, 2, atro- 
 cius in urbe saevitum. Or by circuml., 
 *cum magna strage hominum (if the 
 reference be to extent of carnage); *ex 
 libidine horainum trucidaudorum . cf. 
 preced. art. 
 
 muriatic acid : *acidum muriati 
 cum, scienl. 1. 1. 
 
 murkily : expr. by adj. (L. G. $ J4j): 
 
 V, MURKY, 
 
 murkiness : obsciiritas : v. dabe- 
 
 NESS. 
 
 murky : 1. caliginosus ; to. night 
 c. nox, Hor. Od. ;, 29, jo: light wrapt 
 in TO. gkxmi, lux caliginosis involuta 
 tenebris, Val. Max. i, 7. extern. } i : 
 Cic. : V. FOGGY, 2. tenebrosus : v. 
 
 DARK (I.). 
 
 murmur (subs.): \, a low sound: 
 
 1. murmur, iiris, 71. ; the to. of the 
 sea, m. maris, Cic. de Or. j, 40, 161 : so, 
 of a running stream, Hor. Ep. i, 10, 21. 
 
 2, siisurrus (a soft, >rhispering 
 sound) : v. hum (2). 3. s6nus, soni- 
 lus (gen. term), with some qualifying 
 adj., as lenis, placidus : v. sound. 4. 
 frgmltus, tis (a hoarse to.): Caes. B. G, 
 2, 24 (clamor fremitusque) : Tac. : t. 
 ROAR (subs.). II, A complaint : 1, 
 munnuratio (tlie act of murmuring or 
 complaining : late) : Sen. Ben. ;, 15, j : 
 Vulg. Phil. ii. 14, etc. 2. querela: 
 
 V. COMPLAINT. 
 
 murmur ("•) • I. ^ give forth 
 a low, continuous souml : 1. mur- 
 muro, I : by the banks of the m.ing 
 Hebrus, ripis murmurantis Hebri, Stat. 
 Sil. 2, 7, 98 : Cic. Tusc. 5,40, 116 (fremi- 
 tus murmurantis maris): Virg. 2. 
 frgmo, ui, itum, i (hoarsely): v to 
 ROAR. 3. susurro, i (siftly) : v. to 
 WHISPER, HUM. 4. musso, I : used 
 by Virg. of the m.ing noise of 6e«s, 
 G. 4, 188. II. To complain, usu. in 
 a suppressed tone : 1. murmuro, I 
 (infreq. in this sense) : (he slaves to. 
 (grumble), servi m., I'l. Mil. }. i, 147: 
 Vulg. Comp. admurmuro, i (to indi- 
 cate disapproval by confused noises), 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 16, 41: cf. id. Att. i, ij, 
 2 (where some suppose it denotes ap- 
 proval, but wrongly). 2. musso, 
 mussito, 1 : V. TO mutter. 3. fremo, 
 } (angrily): foil, by ace. and inf., he 
 m.s (loudly) at the consulate being 
 snatclied out <f his hands, consulatum 
 sibi ereptum fremit, Cic. Att. 2, 7. med. : 
 Liv. : I ac. 4. qugror, stus, j : v. TO 
 
 COMPLAIN. 
 
 murmurer : expr, by verb, esp. 
 imperf. part. : cf. L. G. $ 6j8. 
 murmuring (subs.): murmuratio: 
 
 v. MURMUR (II.). 
 
 murmuring (adj.): Phr.: am. 
 sound, murmur, siisurrus, etc. : v. 
 
 MURMUR. 
 
 murrain: pestifgra lues. Col. I, 4, 
 med. ; or simpl.y, pestilentia, id. 6, 5, 
 init. : cf. Veg. Vet. J, 2;: so Liv. j, J2, 
 uses pestilentia with ref. to both men 
 and cattle, pestilentia foeda honiini, 
 foeda pecori. Phr.: there ensued a 
 grievous m. in the Slimmer, iiisecuta est 
 gravis pestilensque pecori aestas, cf. 
 Liv. 5, 1 ;, med. 
 
 muscle : I. of the body : 1 
 musculus: Cels. 5, 26, j : Lucan. 2. 
 torus (the rounded, fleshy part : poet,): 
 the TO.s of the (upper) arms, lacertorum 
 tori, poet, in Cic. Tusc. 2, 9, 22 : Virg. : 
 Ov 3. lacertus (the miiscies of the 
 
 upper arm ; thews) : (Milo) rendered 
 fainous by his m.s and loins, ex lateri- 
 bus et lacertis nobilitatus, Cic. Mil. 9, 
 27 (see the context): cf. supr. (2). 
 Fig.: of strength or ingour in oratory, 
 Cic. Br. 16, fin. (in Lysia saepe iiunt 
 lacerti, sic ut fieri nihil possit valentius). 
 4. nervus (the sinexoy part of the 
 m/uscle) : v. sinew. ||, A kind of 
 
 shell-fish (mufsel) : mytllus or mitiilus
 
 MUSCULAR 
 
 MUST 
 
 MUTABILITY 
 
 {sea-muscU) : Hor.S. 2,4, 21. (*aiylilus 
 edulis, Linn.) 
 
 muscular; I. Pertaining to the 
 jnuscles, of the nature of muscle ; nius- 
 culOsus : tlie heart is of a m. nature, 
 lor natura musculosum, Oels. 4, i. ||. 
 Hacing abundance of muscle, brautiy: 
 
 1. lacertosus (blrictly, with poutr- 
 fiiX ai-ms): m.cetitui-ions, 1. cenlurlones, 
 Cic. Ph. 8, 9. 26 • Ov. also in general 
 sense, of horses, Varr. R. K. 2, 7, ad fin. 
 
 2. tOrosus. TO. youth, t. juventus, 
 Pers. }, 86 C!ol. v. beawkv 3. 'i 
 gen. sense, robuslus ; v. stbong, bobl'.st. 
 Phr.: TO. strength, laa-rti (cf. jilsclk, 
 1., j); vires, with or without corporis 
 (jihysical strength, in wiUest sense), Cic. 
 Sen. 10, ij. 
 
 Muse isubs.): 1. Musa. Cic. 
 Hor. . the softer Ms (of poetry, etc.), M. 
 mansuitiores, Cic. Fum. 1,9,9. • w'hereas 
 M. agrestiores, id Or. j, 12, are the 
 sterner M.s {of oratory, etc.') : a friend 
 of the M.s, Musis umicus, Hor. Od. i, 26, 
 I : an enemy to them, aversus a Musis, 
 Cic. Arch. 9, 20. to hare any dealings 
 with the M.S. aliquod tommercium ciini 
 M. habere, id. Tusc. 5, 2J, 66. 2. 
 Camena (strictly, a designation of ot- 
 tain iMlin prophetic women i but used 
 as syn. of Musa) : favourite of the .l/.s 
 nine, acceptus novem C, Hor. Car. Sec. 
 62 : Pers. : IHin. 
 
 muse ("■) •■ coglto, mgditor, etc. : v. 
 
 TO MEl>rrATE. 
 
 museum : Museum (a temple or 
 abode qjf the Mttses): Varr. R. R. i, 5. 
 med.: in Suet. Claud. 42, the lirni is 
 applied to a liln-ary. (N.B.— Museum 
 IS given by Kr. tor a depository of " whs 
 of art, etc. ; but in this sense, it is better 
 prefaced by a " quod dicitur," " quod 
 dicunt.") 
 
 mushroom: 1. fungus (gen. 
 
 ti'nii): m.s that grotv in meadow.-i, t. 
 prateuses, Hor. S 2, 4, 20 : cf. Pliu. 22, 
 2!, 47, where various kinds are men- 
 tioned : m.s with a pule red (;n?iA.-) sl.-in, 
 f. qui rubint callo diluto rubore, Plin. 
 I. c. 2. boletus (a choice kind ; spoken 
 of as distinct trom fungi: Juv. 5, 147, 
 ancipites fungi ponentur amicis ; b<jle- 
 tus domino: also IMin. I.e., v;hence we 
 learn that they were of a red colour) : 
 Mart. (N.B.— The eatable m. of our 
 tables is *agaricus aimpestris, Linn.; 
 probably the same as the fungi pra- 
 tenses of Hor.) 
 
 music : I. y»« «'"' ■ muslca, ae or 
 -e, es ; also musica, oruni : to treat ofm., 
 musicam tractare, Cic. de Or. }, J?, 152: 
 to teach any one m., aliquem musicam 
 docere, Nep. pref. init.: but the form 
 musicen (ace.) is also used : id. Epam, 
 init. The 7ieut. pi. musica strictly de- 
 notes mtisic as a matter of detailed 
 knoutedge and practice : he was no less 
 distinguished in to., non minore fuit in 
 musicis gloria, Nep. Ep. 2: very fond 
 of to., niusicorum persludiosus, Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, 22, 6j : but in Cic. de Or. i, 42, 
 init., it is precisely = musica (sc. ars), 
 being classed with other " artes " : and 
 so elsewhere in Cic. (N.B. — Ter has 
 musica ars, in (Jk. sense = poetry : Phor. 
 prol. 18.) Phr.: to leach any one to. 
 (to play upon a stringed in.Urument), 
 tidibus aliquem docere, Cic. Fani. 9, 22, 
 med. (cf. Nep. Kpam. 2, citharizare et 
 cantare ad chordarum souum doctus est 
 a Iiionysio). ||. As played: 1. 
 cantiis. lis the m. of voicis, .brings, and 
 flutes, c. voi-um el nervorum et tibi- 
 arum, Cic. R. Am. 46, 1 54 : ct. id. Leg. 2, 
 15, }8, where cantus {\tl.)=titnes : vocal 
 TO., vocis c. Quint. 5, 10, 124. 2. con- 
 centus, vis {of a numlier singing or per- 
 J'm-ming together) : the m. of voice and 
 lyre, c. vocis lyraeque, Ov. M. 11. 11 : 
 m. {concert) of birds, c. avium. Cic. Leg. 
 I. 7, 21 : Ov. 3. mOdus, esp. In pi. 
 (a measured tune or strain): to dance 
 to the TO. of the flute, ad tibicinis modos 
 saltare, Liv. 7. 2 : v. strajs. 4. sym- 
 phonia {instrum^'ntal m.) : when there 
 was m. (a musical performanci) at those 
 enteitainmints. quum in iis conviviis s. 
 canoret. Cic. Verr. 2, J, 44, 105 ; to sing 
 
 to TO., ad s. canere, .Sen. Kp. 12, 8 : dit 
 vmitant TO., s. discors. Hor. A. P 174: 
 Plin. 
 musical. I. Relating to mutic: 
 
 1, mustcus: m. theory {uT princi- 
 ples), ratio musica. Vitr. 5, j, 8; to. 
 laws {style of music), m. leges, Cic. Leg. 
 2, 15, J9. 2. milieus (Or. ^cAiko;' 
 rare In this sense) : to. sounds, m. 
 sonores, Lucr. ;, US- (1" Cic.=/yricai.) 
 
 3. symphoniacus: v. musician. 
 11. AcquaiiUed with or having a 
 taste J or viatic: Phr.. to be very m., 
 niusicorum perstudiosura esse, Cic. fuse. 
 5, 22, 6; ; to have a m. ear, *eU-ganti, 
 recto, vero artis (? rei) musicae judicio, 
 sensu valere, Kr. to be quite destitute 
 of m. taste. *al)horrere a re musica : Kr. 
 gives, *iiil videre in re melica (e Bau.). 
 III. I'leasant to the ear: caiiorus: 
 V. MKuimors. 
 
 musically . I. ^" accordance with 
 the principles of music : musice (rare) : 
 Apul. Or by clrcuml., *e ratioiie mu- 
 sica : V. MUSICAL. ||, Melodiously: 
 canOre (rare) • Apul. 
 
 musician : 1. muslcus (one skilled 
 in music): Cic. Off, i, 41, init. 2. 
 
 symphoniacus puer i/r servus (a musical 
 state in the keeping of a wealthy per- 
 son): Cic. Mil. 21,5;. (When the refer- 
 ence is simply to one performing on a 
 musical instrument, f idtcen, tibicen, etc., 
 must be used v lyrist, etc.) 
 
 musk: *moschus. (An abdominal 
 secretion of the mush-deer, *moschus 
 moschifenis, Cycl.) 
 
 musket : *8clopetum (stl-) : a name 
 formed by onoma'opoeia. Kr. : or,*bom- 
 barda, id. (Kr. gives also tubus igiii- 
 vomus, ex Wytteiib., but the expr. is 
 unsuited for prose, and not elegant 
 enough for verse. Unless precision be 
 required, all the above are best avoided, 
 and telura or tormentum employed.) 
 
 ball : glans. ndis, /. (any kind 
 
 of bullet) : Caes. B. G. 5, 4?. 
 
 shot : *ictus sclopeti (Kr.). 
 
 Phr.. trithin to., *intra sclopeti jactum 
 (Kr.) : they did not venture within m., 
 non ausi sunt eo piogredi ubi tela (mis- 
 silia) uostrorum contingere possent : 
 he received a to. in the right thigh, 
 *dexiium femur glande ictus est. 
 
 musketeer: *milessclopeloannatus 
 (R. and A.). 
 
 musketry : P h r. ; a 6) isk fire of 
 m., 'assidue conjecta missilia; niissilium 
 ingens vis ingesta. (Comp. muskkt.) 
 
 muslin: 1. Perh- byssus, i, /. 
 (strictly, a kind of fine flax, or the 
 fabric made of it) : v. Diet. Ant. s. v. 
 2, Coa, orum, n. (fine, transparent 
 drapery). Hor. S. i, 2, loi : also, Coa 
 vesiis, Prop, i, 2, 2 : v. Diet. Ant. s. v. 
 (N.B.— D is probable that, in the later 
 period of ancient history, cotton was 
 used for making fine fabrics : v. Diet. 
 Am. s. vv.) 
 Mussulman : v. Mahometan, 
 must {^ubs.) ■ mustiim : Cato R. R. 
 120: Virg. : Cic. 
 
 must ("■) •" 1. nSce.sse est (must 
 neeils) : usu. foil, by inf. : man m. die, 
 homini n. est mori, Cic. Fat. 9, 17 ; also 
 absol., to buy not what ycu want, but 
 what you TO., emere non quod opus est. 
 sed quod n. est, Cato in Sen. F-p. 94. 28. 
 
 2. expr. by gerundive ; the impersonal 
 form' being used with dat. of personal 
 subject, in the case of verbs which do 
 not govern an accusative ; the personal 
 in others (the ger. denotes usu. the com- 
 pulsion of duty ; whereas necesse est 
 denotes absolute necessity) : we to. resist 
 old-age, resistendum est senectuti, Cic. 
 Sen. II, J5 : you to. see to this, hoc 
 vobis providendum est. Sail. Cat. 51, ail 
 ijiit. : rve m. atiove all thingsavoid a dry 
 teacher, in primis evitiUidus (est) ma- 
 glster aridus, Quint. 2, 4. 8 : cf. L. G. 
 ^^J 5J4, sqq. 3. P^pf- by opus est, 
 oportct, debeo (of that which it is need- 
 ful or proper to do) : (he was in doubt) 
 'as to what m. be done, quid facto opus 
 esset. Sail. Cat. 46 (ihe same phr. occurs, 
 Liv. ;, j8. poft init.. quid opus facto sit) : 
 one TO. use expedition, opus est mature 
 
 facto. Sail. Cat. I : v. keku, OfGHT. 4. 
 expr. by Jut. imperat. (where muit ex- 
 presses an injunction) you m. neither 
 bury nor bum a corpse within the city, 
 hominem mortuum in urlie ne scpelilo, 
 neve urito, Vet. Lex In Cic. Leg. 2, 2{, 
 58 : so ib. { 59, hot: plus nefacilo, rogum 
 ascia ne polito : when you come to the 
 temple of Diana, you m.turn to the right, 
 ubi ad Dianae veneris, ito ad dexiram, 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44 : if you have no newt, 
 you must write whatever is uppervuxt, 
 si rem iiullam habebis, quod in buccam 
 ventrit scriblio, Cic. Att, i, 12, extr. : so 
 in the familiar expr. (intrtjducing a piece 
 of intelligence), you to. know . . ., scito 
 (with ace. and i"/.). ib. 2, 8, med. A 
 negative injunction is often expr. by noli, 
 with inf. : you m. not suppose that . , . , 
 noli pulare, Cic. Br. n. 125- 
 
 mustache: v. molstache. 
 
 mustard : slnapl, is, n. ; also, siiii- 
 pis, is,/.; TO., very wholesome, saluber- 
 rlnium corjxiri sinapi, Plin. 19, 8, ^4: 
 Col.; I'all. (who have the fern. form). 
 
 plaister : sinapismus : Coel. 
 
 Aur. To administer a to., sinapizo, l: 
 Veg. Vet. 2, 6, ad fin. 
 
 muster (i") ■• A. Trans.; |. 
 L i t., to assemble troops for review, etc. : 
 perh. congrego, convfico, i : v. to as- 
 SEM BLK, CALL TOGETHER. Or perh. better 
 rrpresented by rSccnseo, lustro, etc. : v. 
 TO REVIEW. Pbr. : to TO. the whole of 
 one's forces, universas copias in con- 
 spectum dare, Oirt. j, 2, init. For to mus- 
 ter out, v. TO DISBAKD, DIS<:HAKGf (V.). 
 
 II. Fig.: to muster up, \. V. gather, 
 assume: Phr.: tom. upcourage, Auimum 
 (animos, of more than one) suraere, 
 Ov. F. I, 147 ; animum erigere (to take 
 fieart), Cic. Clu. 70, 200 ; se erigere, id. 
 Deiot. 14, }i ; or erigi, Hor. S. 2, 8, 58 : 
 he could not to. up courage to ask: 
 *animus ei defuit ad rogandum ; pro- 
 hibebat pudor rogare, percontari {cf. 
 Hor.S. I, 6, 57). B. Inlrans., of 
 troops : Phr.: he ordered all /!oman 
 citizens, horse and foot, to m. in the 
 Campus Martius, edixit ut omnes elves 
 Romani, equitcs peditesque in Campo 
 Martio adessent, Liv. i, 44, init. : so 
 adesse is used, id. 21, 21, prinio vero 
 edico adsitis, "you are to m. at the com- 
 mencement of spring." 
 
 muster (subs.) ; rjcensus, recenslo : 
 V. RKviiiw. Phr.: those reantits will 
 scarcely pass m., "vix se approbabunt 
 duel tirones Isti : cf. Tac. Agr. 5, rudi- 
 menta castrorum duel approbare. 
 
 muster-roll : perh. album (any re- 
 gister) : cf. lac. A. 4, 42, extr.. a. sena- 
 torium : or laterculum (a tatilet : late): 
 Cod. Just. I, 27, I ^ 7 (judices tam civiles 
 quam militares in nostro laterculo . . . ) : 
 Foicell. (N.B.— Often the word need 
 not be literally expressed ; the m. of the 
 Carthaginians contained as many a* 
 i;o,ooo names, ad centum quiuquaglnta 
 millia Poeiius habuisse in armis creditur, 
 Liv. 21, 8, init. : more precisely, numero 
 copiarum itiito, ad centum quiiiquagint* 
 millia Poenus in armis habuisse repertus 
 est; cf. Curt. J, 2, ./in.) 
 
 mustiness : mucor : acidity and m. 
 of nine, villi acor et m., Ulp. Dig. 18, 6, 
 4, init. : v. MOnLDIKESS. 
 
 musty : 1. mucidus ; m. wine, 
 m. viiuim,' Mart. 8, 6, 4 : acid and in. 
 wines, viua aclda et m., Pomp. Dig. 18, 
 6, 6. So, to become m., mucorem contra- 
 here : v. MOULDY. 2. '" tig- sense, 
 perh. opicus (from the ancient people so 
 named), uv>~m-eattn. m. tomes, exesae 
 lineis opicaeque chartae. Aus. Prof. 22, J 
 (but the word is otherwise explained). 
 
 mutability: 1. mriiabmia.s(rare): 
 Cic. fuse. 4, 5v 76. 2. e.\pr. by vicis, 
 em, e ; pi. vices . . . viclbus, J. (change, 
 alti^rnation) : the Senate was loucJied by 
 (this instance of) the m. of human for- 
 tune, commotl' Patres vice forlunarum 
 humanarum, Liv. 7, }4, med. : cf. IMin. 
 Pan. 5, fin., habet has vic^s conditio 
 mortaliufn, i. e. i« thus sutiject to M. 
 (•■ ups and doinis"). (Or expr. by mu- 
 tabilis, niuto: v. chasgeablk; CHAMO* 
 subs, and v.) 
 
 489
 
 MUTABLE 
 
 MY 
 
 MYSTERIOUS 
 
 mutable; mutabllis, etc. V. CHANGE- 
 ABLE. 
 mute (i(i).) .- mutus V. DimB ; 
 
 SPEECHLESS. 
 
 mute («i6«) : I. Dung of birds : 
 inerda: Hor. S. i, 8, JT ||, A con- 
 
 tonant inaiuiible by itself: muta (sc. 
 littera): (juint. i, 4, 6. |||. An at- 
 tendant at afuneral : (?) atratus (homo) .- 
 
 V. Lat. Diet. s. v 
 
 mute(i')." merdis inquinare. : Hor. S. 
 I, 8, ?7- 
 
 mutely: expr. bymulus: cf. L. G. 
 
 mutilate : 1. mutilo, i [to lop off 
 apart of the body, as the nose, ears, etc. . 
 also, with direct ace. of the body from 
 which a part is lopped off) : to m. the 
 bodies (ot elephants) icitk hatchets, cor- 
 pora securibus tn., Curt. 9, 2, med. 
 (where the siiise is prob. by heivi^ig off 
 the trunk-') : to m. a person by cutting off 
 ears and nose, [alicui] aures iiaresqiie 
 m., ib. ■;, 5,./l". ; aliquitn lacerare, iiaso 
 auribusque mutilatis, Liv. 29, 9. med. 
 2. trunco, 1 (like preced., but used 
 of lopping off the more important mem- 
 bers ; CIS, the arms, legs, head): to m. 
 corpses, cadaveni tr., Lucan 6, 584: with 
 body m.d by wounds, truncato ex vul- 
 neribus corfiore, Tac. A. i, 17. Also 
 conip. cletrunco, i : Liv. ji, 54, med. 
 (= to behfod). See also foil. art. 
 
 mutilated (pa»^-<i4?)- 1. miitiius 
 
 (strictly, haring lost the extremities, 
 wholly or in part): Hor, S. i, 5, 60 
 (= hamng lost a horn) : broken and m. 
 characters, litterae trmicae atque m., 
 Gell. 17, 9. med.. Oic. (in fig. sense = 
 unconnected, fragmentary. Or. 9, ?2, 
 etc.). Of a MS., to be eery much m., 
 multis locis ni. esse, Tisch. pref. N. I'. 
 2. mil ilatiis (poet.): the tail of a 
 m. viper, m. cauda colubrae, Ov. M. 6, 
 559- 3. triiticus (strictly, having lost 
 head or arms; but used poet, of muti- 
 lation in gen. sei^se) : a child ii-Hh m. 
 body (i. e. prob. irithoat a head), puer 
 truiici corporis, Uv. 41,9, oied. : nostrils 
 
 VI. uith shameful wound, truncae in- 
 honesto vulnere nares. Virg. Aen. 6, 
 497- Ov. 4. truncal us, detruncatus: 
 V. TO MUTILATE (2). IMir. : (the manu- 
 script) contains the gospels, but sadly m., 
 continet evangelia. sed folia permulta 
 periere, Tisch. pref. N. T. ■ cf. supr. (1). 
 
 mutilation : 1. mfitijatio (v. rare) : 
 Gloss. Phi lo.\. 2. truucatio (v. rare): 
 Imp. Codd. (tr. digitorum). Also de- 
 truncatio (with ref. to plants) : Plin. 
 (N.B. — The above are best avoided ; the 
 sense being expr. by verb : the ancients 
 dreaded m. after death, •magnopere hcir- 
 rebant anliqui mortuos se truncari ; he 
 forbad the to. of male children, castrari 
 mares vetuit, Suet, Dom. 7 : only bar- 
 barous nations m. the bodies of the slain, 
 ♦nonnisi barbarae gentes mortuorum 
 corpora lacerant atque truncant : v. to 
 
 MUTILATE.) 
 
 mutineer: 1. turbator (rare): 
 the principal m.s were arrested, ut 
 quisque praecipuus t., conquisiti, Tac. 
 A. I, ?o. init 2. (homo) seditiosus: 
 the most violent of the m.s, seditiosis- 
 simus quisque, Tac. A. i, 44 : Suet. Caes. 
 70. (N.B. — Often not needing to be 
 rendered by a separate word in con- 
 nected discourse : ef. Tac. A. i, 2i, 
 Horum adventu redintegratur seditio, 
 et vagi circunijecta populabantur, i. e. 
 the mutineers ravaged the surrounding 
 country : and so throughout the chapter, 
 where in Eng. " the mutineers " would 
 be once or twice repeated. Not con- 
 juratus [R. and A.], unless a definite 
 conspiracy be referred to.) 
 
 mutinous: seditiosus: Cic. : Tac. 
 (comp. preced. art.). Less precise is 
 turbulenius : v. turbulent. M. pro- 
 ceedings, seditio : v. mutint. 
 
 mutinously : 1. sedltiose : V. 
 
 SEDITIOUSLY. Join: turbide et sedi- 
 tiose, Tac. A. j, 12. 2. expr. by se- 
 ditio: cf. Tac. A. I, 19, init, per sedi- 
 tionem et turbas, i. e. mutinously and 
 riotously : also Caes. B, C. i , 87, quum 
 Stipendium, paene seditione facta, fiagi- 
 490 
 
 taretur, i. e. almost mutinously : (these) 
 had been the first to act m., primi sedi- 
 tionem coeptaverant, Tac. A. 1, 45 . 
 cf. foil. art. 
 
 mutiny (subs.) : seditio : a m. broke 
 out in the Fannmiian legions, Paniio- 
 nicas legiones s. incessit, Tac. A. i, 16, 
 init. : also seditio oritur, Caes. H. G. 7, 28, 
 fin.; s. fit, id. B. C. 1, 87 ; a sudden m. 
 i)i the army teas suppressed, stibita exer- 
 citus s. discussa est. Veil. 2. 8i. Phr. : 
 from the same causes, a to. broke out in 
 the <ierman legions, iisdem causis Ger- 
 nianicae legiones turbatae, Tac. A. i, Ji, 
 in it. 
 
 mutiny ('o.) : expr. by seditio and a 
 verli. ; they never once m.'d during the 
 Gallic war, seditionem Gallicis liellis 
 nullam omnino moverunt. Suet. Caes. 
 69 : the troops were very near m.ing, 
 paene seditio facUi e.--t, Gtes. B. C. i, 87. 
 I'll r. the armi/ m.s, exercitus a disci- 
 plina desciscit. Veil. 2, 81 : comp. impe- 
 rium auspiciumque ubnuere, Liv. 28, 21, 
 init. (a rhetorical expr.). See also sedi- 
 tion, REBELLION. 
 
 mutter (".): I, To utter wwds with 
 compressed lips : 1, musso, i (some- 
 times) in a very loud tone; sometimes 
 m.ing, summo clamore ; interduni nius- 
 sans, PI. Merc. prol. 49: esp. where 
 dissatisfaction is implied m.ing (mur- 
 muring) they asked each other . . . . , 
 niussantes inter se rogitabant . . , Liv. 
 7, 25, init. Also frequent, mussito, i 
 (in oame sense) : thus I to. to myself, 
 haec mecurn mussito, PI. Mil. }, i, 119 : 
 Liv. 2. muiio or muttio, 4. uhal, 
 still m.ing f etiam muttis? PI. Am. 1, 
 I. 228: Ter. 3. murmuro, i : v. to 
 MURMUR. Phr.: she just m.s, fearing 
 to be heard, labra movt-t, metutns audiri, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 16, 60 (cf. modico murmure 
 optare, Juv. 10, 289). ||, To emit a 
 Imv, rumbling sou7id : perh. murmiiro, 
 
 I . V. to MURMUR. RUMBLE. 
 
 muttering (ad?.) ■• Phr.- a TO. 
 sound, murmur (cf. Suet. Cal. 51, Aetnaei 
 veiticis iumo ac murmure pavefactus) : 
 
 v. MURMUR. 
 
 mutteringly : mussans, mussitans ; 
 modico murmure : cf. preced. artt. 
 
 mutton : *ovilla (caro) : after anal, 
 of suilla caro, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, med. 
 (laro vervecina [R. and A.] is the flesh 
 of a wether or gelding ram). 
 
 mutton-cllOP : *ovillae (camis) frus- 
 tum (a piece of any shape). 
 
 mutual ; mutuus : many m. good 
 offices have taken place between us, 
 multa inter nos paria et m. officia Inter- 
 cedunt. Cic. Fam. i J, 65 : to. hatred, m. 
 odia, Tac. A. 14, j. 
 
 mutually: l.mutuo: strengthened 
 by inter nos, Lepid. In Cic. Fam. 10, 54, 
 med. : Suet. : Plane, in Cic. (who uses 
 the word of the returning of a feeling 
 by its object, id. Fam. 10, 9. extr. = in 
 return). 2. expr. by mutuus: tolove 
 and be loved to., mutuis animis amare, 
 amari. Cat. 45, 20 : they woidd to. vie 
 xeith each other in merit, mutuam inter 
 eos virtutis aemulationem futnram. Just. 
 22,4, extr. .- TO. to help each other, tradere 
 operas mutuas, Ter. Ph. 2, i, ^7. 3, 
 invicem (in less precise sense) : v. turn 
 (in). 
 
 muzzle (subs.) .- I, Mouth : OS, oris, 
 n.: V. MOUTH. II. A fastening for the 
 mouth : fiscella (of wicker- uork, attached 
 to the mrmths of oxen when ploughing 
 between vines,etc.) : Piin. 18, 19, 49 § 177 : 
 Cato. (Capistrum is simply a halter for 
 tethering an animal.) 
 
 muzzle (i>.) : Phr.: to TO. oxen, 
 boves fiscella capistrare, Plin. 18, 19, 49 
 } 177. (Vulg. 1. Cor ix. 9, has non alli- 
 gabis os, bovi trituranti but the expr. 
 does not appear to be a technical one.) 
 
 my : 1. mens : pass. 2, noster : 
 my canrass, petitio nostra, Cic. Att. i. i, 
 init.: so ib. med., ambitio nostra, my 
 ambition et pass. (This use of noster, 
 like that of nos for ego, has an elegant 
 familiarity about it, and is specially 
 adapted for the epistolary style). 3. 
 expr. by dat, mihi, nobis (where there 
 is a verb in the sentence to which the 
 
 pron. may stand in relation of dalivus 
 ethicus) : my father died on the i^th of 
 November, pater nobis decessit ad viii. 
 Kal. Decembr., Cic. Ait. 1, 6: she is my 
 care, ea nobis curat; est, ib. 7 • how does my 
 friend Celsus Y quid mihi Celsus agit ? 
 Hor. Ep. I, J, 15. 4. proprius (one's 
 oimi : hence, after the -pron. of i per- 
 son = to^ own): by my oun /ire-side, 
 ante Larem proprium, Hor. Sat. 2, 6, 66 
 i7i my own skin, in p. pelle, ib. 1,6, 22: 
 but in prose, strengthened bymeus: cf 
 Cic. Fam. 2, i-),fin., quod autem meum 
 erat proprium, i. e. peculiarly my oun . 
 V. OWN. (N.B.— It is not necessary to ex- 
 press the poss. pron. at all, when the con- 
 text renders it plain to uhom a person 
 or thing stands related : 0. g. my brother 
 Quintus, Quintus frater, Cic. Att. i, 6. 
 et pass.) Phr.: for my part, equidem 
 (wliich is also sometimes used with other 
 persons besides 1 sing. ; esp. i pi.) : I for 
 mypaii, am of this opinion, equidem ego 
 sic existinio, Sail. Cat. 51, med. : or 
 without ego ; for my part I wished to 
 be called Caesar's soldier ; you have sa- 
 luted me by the title of commander, 
 equidem me Caesaris militem dici volui ; 
 vos me imperatoris nomine appellavistis. 
 Caes. B. C. 2, J2, fin. .- also sometimes 
 ego, from its emphasis = I for my part : 
 cf. Sail. Cat. 51, fiti., Ego lianc c:iusam, 
 P. C in primis magnam puto. i. e. 
 
 I for my part think, etc. 
 
 myriad: |, Lit., ten thoumnd: 
 decem millia v. thousand. ||. in 
 looker sense, an indefinitely large num- 
 ber : 1. sexcenti, ae, a : m.s of facts 
 of that nature, sexcenta ejusmodi, Cic. 
 I'iv. 2, 14. ?4; PI 2. niille : m. 
 
 hues, TO. cohnes, Virg. Aen. 4, 701. 
 
 mvrmidon : 1. nearest word perh. 
 satelles, itis (attendant or body-guard of 
 a deapol : hence, a minion or instrument 
 in wickeil deeds) : cf. Cic Cat. i, j, 7, 
 C. Manlium, audaciae satellitem atque 
 administrum tuae : also id. Agr. 2, l}, }2, 
 stlpatorcs corporis constituit, eosdem 
 ministros et satellites potestatis ; or, 
 2, emissarius (an agent employed 
 for wicked and violent purposes) : he 
 murdered the consul's son by the m.s of 
 his faction, consuUs filium per emis- 
 sarios factionis suae interfecit. Veil. 2, 
 18, extr. : one of his confidants and m.s, 
 unus e familiaribus ete. suis, Suet. Dom. 
 
 I I : Cic. 
 
 myrrh : myrrha, murrha, or murra 
 (both the plant andthe gum) : Plin. 12, 15, 
 ij : Ov. I'erfumed with m., myrrheus 
 (murrh-), Hor. Od. j, 14, 22 : made with 
 m. (as a drink flavoured with m.), 
 myrrhlnus (niurrh-) : and absol. myr- 
 rhiiia (sc. potio), poet, in Plin. 14, ij, 
 1;: also, myrrhattis (murrh-), in same 
 sense ; myrrhata potio (i. q. myrrhina), 
 Fest. s. V. 
 
 myrtle : myrtus, i,/. (gen. us, rare : 
 Virg. G. 2, 64) : to entwine oue's brow 
 with TO., caput inipedire myrto, Hor. Od. 
 1,4,9: Plin. M.berries, my na., oTum: 
 Virg. G. I, ^06 : Plin. : a m.-grove, myr- 
 tetum, Virg. G. 2, 112 : Sail. : belcmging 
 to the TO., of TO., myrtle- : (I), myrteus : 
 a TO. grove, m. silva, Virg. Aen. 6, 44} : 
 TO. ivine, m. vinum, Plin. 26, 11, 74: 
 Val. Max. (2). myrtaceus (rare) : a m. 
 leaf, myrtaceuni folium, Cels. 7, 17, med 
 (3). myrtinus (madf, of to.) : to. oil, 
 myrtinum oleum. Apul. Herb. 
 
 myrtle-berry: myrtum: v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 myrtle-wine : myrtites, ae, m. .- 
 Plin. 14, 16, 19 J 104: also, vinum myr- 
 tites. Col. 12, j8, init. : see also mvrtle. 
 
 myself : ipse (in apposition with 
 subject ego, expressed or understood); 
 mei, mihi, me (oblique cases of ego, 
 serving as pron. refi.) ; or the two com- 
 bined : for constr. v. nrMSELF. Also, 
 egomet, / myself ; and occ. (less freq.) 
 memet, serve as emphasized forms of 
 ego, me : / to. saui that ship at Veliae, 
 eam navem egomet vidi Veliae, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 17,44: Virg. 
 
 mysterious ; 1. arcanus Qrelu 
 
 giously secret) : m. rites, a, sacra, Hor. 
 Epod. 5, 52. See also mystery. 2.
 
 MTSTETiTOUSLY 
 
 NAME 
 
 NAME 
 
 occultus (hiddtn ; and fo, difficult of dis- 
 covery): to discl/JSe and bring the most 
 m. matters to liyld. res occultissinias 
 aperire in Uicemque proferre, Cic. Ac. 
 2, 19. 62. Join: (res) occnliae et pe- 
 nitus atxlilae, id. N. L). i. 19, 49- 3. 
 mysticus (haring a si/mliolical im-an- 
 ing) . V. MYSTICAL. See also obscure, 
 
 INSCKrT.VBl.K. 
 
 mysteriously: 1. o«uii^; y- 
 
 SiXiBKTi.v. 2. per ambages (i" at/art, 
 eniymalical manwr): l>iv. i, 56, ad fin. 
 mystery : 1. mj'sterlum {^vaTli- 
 piov a xrcret mealed orili/ to tlie ini- 
 tiated: collectively \\\ pi. .the eiitire rites 
 in which the initialed parluipated) : to 
 celebrate the m.s, inysieria facere, Nep. 
 Ale. ijhi. : Cic. Fig.; the m.s of the 
 rhetoricians, rlieturuni m., Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 25, fin. : the m. of the Kingdom of 
 Heaven, mysterium regni coelorum, 
 Vulg. Mat. xlii. 11 . cf. ib. Apoc. xvii. 5 
 (but ihe word is someiinies rendered in 
 Vulg. by sacraiiieiitum : e. g. Kph. i. 9 ; 
 iii. ?. etc.). (N.B.— Mysterium is iioi 
 used simply to denote tttat which is 
 hara to understand , but that vhich 
 requires a special communication to 
 make it ktionn.) 2. arcammi (o 
 sacred secret) : the m.s of the fates, 
 fatorum a., Ov. M. 7, 192 : Hor. 3. 
 in coUuq. sense, res occulta, occultissima 
 (a matter difficult to penetrate and 
 undifrstand) ■ v. mv.stkrikls. 
 
 mystic, mvstical: mysiicus; the 
 m. (coll netted ivtth the mysteiies, and 
 having a symbolical meaning) winnow- 
 ing-fan of lucchus, m. vannus lacchi, 
 Virg. G. I, 166: Mart.: Tib. The m. 
 urrilers : *scrlptores (auctoies) mystici 
 qui dicuntur (fenmtur) : to give a m. 
 interprelatiim to ani/thing, 'aliquid 
 mystica quadam raiioue inlcUigere, in- 
 terpretari. 
 
 mvstic (subs.) : *(Iiomo) mystica ra- 
 tione imbiitus; if an author, 'scriptor 
 mysticus. In pi., mystici, orum (qui 
 dicuntur). 
 mystically : mystlce : SoUn. 
 mysticism : *raiio mystica. 
 mystification : ambages, i.s, /. (in 
 ring., only abl. found; pi. complete. 
 round about, obscure speech) : without 
 m. (in plain words), missis a., Hor. S. 
 2, ;, 9 : to devise m. scarcely uorthy of 
 zhildren, vi.\ pueris dignas a. exquirere, 
 Liv. g, M,fin. 
 
 mystify : Phr.-. to try torn, people, 
 aiti ut seii.NUs tuos (penitus) abdas. Tac. 
 A. I, II, med.; id agere ul homines in 
 incertum et ambiguum magis impli- 
 ;entur, cf. 'I'ac. 1 c. : don't try to m. me, 
 juaeso, ambages mitte ! PI. Cist. 4, 2, 82. 
 mythe : ■™y''hus or -Os: Aus. Prof. 
 21, 26. 
 
 mythical: mythicus: them. writers, 
 mythici (sc. scripiores, auitores), Macr. 
 Sat 1,8, med. (also callecl, *raythograpbi, 
 M. L.). See also fauulhus. 
 
 mythological : mythicus (v. my- 
 thic) ; mythoWj^icus (mythologkon 
 liber, title of work of Fulgentius, 6th 
 '.ent. A.D ): .M. I.,, 
 mythology : mythSlOgia : Fulg. 
 
 tcl. 6, 21. 
 
 N. 
 
 NAB : opprimo, pressi, ssum, } : cf. 
 Ter. Andr. i, }, 22 : v. to Catch, 
 
 SlRl'Rt.SK. 
 
 nabob : I. ^" Indian prince, 
 
 •princeps Indicus. ||. Fig : a very 
 rich man, peril. Croesus : cf. Mart. 11, 6. 
 Or simply dives (which is often used 
 
 BUbs.): V. RICH. 
 
 nacre : v. mother-of-pkarl. 
 
 nadir: 'nadir, ^«d#c^ .• punctuui pe- 
 dum (i sub pedibus) quod nadir vocant 
 (Kr.). 
 
 nag : caballus (a horse fin- common 
 purponei ; a hack) : Hor. : Mart. : v. 
 HORSK, OEi.DiNG. (Kquus, usu. =a war- 
 horse or racer.) 
 
 naiad : naias, adls ; and nais, Tdis,/. : 
 ^'qU, most beautiful of the n.s, Aegic 
 
 puIcheiTima naiudum, Vii 
 See also NYJii'H. 
 
 nail (nubs.) : I. Of man or beast : 
 unguis, is, »».; to clean i/ne's n.s with a 
 penknife, cultellu )iuigai'- ii., H-ir. Ep. 
 I, 7. 52 : to cut one's ii.s, u. |H(iiere, Hor. 
 A. P. 2, 97 ; u. subsecare ferm, Ov. Fast. 
 6, 2, JO ; u. di-ponere, resecare, retidere, 
 Petr. : a n.'s breadth, u. transversus, 
 Pl.Aul. 1, 1,18; u. lMtus,ac. Fam. 7. 25: 
 to ttie n. (very exwtly). ad unguem, Virg. 
 G. 2, 277 : to bite ime's n.s (in medita- 
 tion), nidere uncnes, Hor. Sat. I, ic, 71 ; 
 (in anger), mordere u., I*rop. 4, 24, 24. 
 Diinin., iinguiculus (young i^r tender 
 n.), Cic. Fam. 1.6. V li r. : tiio'h and n., 
 manibus jx'dibusque (conari), I'er. And. 
 
 I, I, 1J4; toto coriK)re atque omnibus 
 ungulis, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 56: cf. na- 
 vibus atque quadrigis, Hor. Kp. i, 
 
 II, 2;. II, A metal spike or stud: 
 claviisr to drive in n.s, clavos figere, 
 Hor. Od. }, 24, ;: Varr. R. K. 2. 9: 
 boot-n., c. calicaris. Plin. 9, 18, j ; : .Juv. 
 Phr. : to hit the n on the head, (rem) 
 acu langerp, PI. Kud. 5, 2, 19 (mostly 
 used In phr., rem acu tetigisii): cf. also, 
 rem ipsani putiisti, Ter. Ph. 4, 5, 6 : to 
 pay intmey on the v., argentum adnu- 
 merare illico, Ter. Ad. ;, !, 1 5 ; pecuniam 
 dare alicui in manum, id. Ph 4, }, 28. 
 
 nail («•'■)■• expr. by elavus with a 
 verb : e. g. clavis configere (with dat. of 
 that to whii h), Caes. B. G. j, H ; tigere, 
 Caio R. K. 20 ; religare, Caes. B. C. 2, 10 
 V. TO FIX, FASTEN. Phr.: to n. to the 
 cross, cruel figere. Suet. I)om. 11 ; suf- 
 figere, Cic. \n Pis. 18, 42 : v. to crccifv. 
 
 naive: simplex, icls: cf PUn. Kp. 
 4, 9. 6, homo s. et incautus : so, siiii- 
 pl icier, Hor. Sat. 1, ?, 6?. 
 
 naively : ^<mp\\i:ileT( plainly, frank- 
 ly) : cf. Plin. Kp. I, 1 {, 2. 
 
 naivete: simplicitas : you charm by 
 your n.. placiUi es s. tua, Ov. Am. 2, 4, 
 
 17 : V. SIMl'LICITY. 
 
 naked : 1. nudus (not necessarily 
 
 implying complete nudity) : stark n., 
 •omni corpore nudo; nudus membra 
 (poet.), Virg. Aen. 8, 42; : uith n. feet, 
 pedibus nudis, Hor. Sat i, 8, 24: half -v., 
 seminudiis, l.iv. 9, 6. 2, Spertus ; a 
 greo t part <f the body isn.(= they go al- 
 most n.), magna est pars corporis a., Caes. 
 B. G. 4, i,«i!«r. Phr. : to strip any one 
 n., vestimenta detrahere alicui, PI. As. 
 
 I, I, 79 : to expose the ptrson n., nudare 
 inter cives corpora, Enn. in Cic. fuse. 4, 
 J J, 70 (v. TO STRIP): a n. sword, gladius 
 vagina v.n uus, Cic. Mar. 6, 17; ensis 
 strictus, Virg. Aen. 10, 577 ; also ensis 
 nudus, ib. 12, }o6: then. trutA, simplex 
 ratio veritatis, Cic. de Or. i, ??, 229. 
 
 nakedly: aperte (openly, without 
 disguise): v. openly. 
 
 nakedness: I, L>t-: expr. by 
 nudus: v. MDiTY. II. V\?.., of style: 
 jejuniias : v. MK ACRES ESS, jwlneness. 
 Phr.: to see the n. of the land, infir- 
 miora terrae videre, Vulg. Gen. xlii. 9 : 
 better perh., *quae in terra imbecilla 
 (minus sana s. firraa) Titiusaque sunt 
 explorare. 
 
 name (subs): |. of persons or 
 things : 1. nomen, itiis, 71. (most gen. 
 term): then, of that disease is avarice, 
 ei morbo n. est avaritia. Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 
 II, 26: a young man, Thessalus by n., 
 juvenis nomine ThessaUis, Veil. 1, J, I. 
 (The name given may be either in 
 agreement with the person or thing 
 named, or with nomen : cf. Gell. 15, 28 : 
 figurae usitatae sunt, mild nomen est 
 Julius, et mihi nomen est Julio : raro, 
 mihi nomen est Julium.) To put ilmcn 
 or give in one's n. (esp. for military 
 service), n. dare, edere, protiteri, Liv. 2, 
 24 (v. TO EKLIST) : to ansvxr to one's n., 
 ad n. respondere, Liv. 7, 4 : (Jic : toderive 
 a n., ex aliqna re n. invenire, Cic. Div. 2, 
 J2, 69; reperire, Ih. i. 10, 16; capere, 
 Oes. B. G. I. 11; ac< ipere, Gell. }, 16: 
 from a person, ab aliquo n. trahere, Cic. 
 
 Ph. 4, 2, 5 to assume a «., n. adoptare. 
 Mart. 4, Ji, 9; n. arrogare, «<uint i, 
 prooem. } 14: a Christian n., *n. in 
 baptismaie datum, iiiditiim, accepmm. 
 2, appellatio (a significant designa- 
 
 tion) : to salute an If one by the n. 0/ 
 father, salutaie aliqiiem appelluiione 
 patris, Plin. 7, IJ, IJ. 3. vocabalum 
 (that by uhich a class of things or per- 
 sons is calUil : not a personal name): 
 to call all things by their right nj. suia 
 vel propriis v. orones res iiomiiiare, cf. 
 Cic. Caec. 18, 51: tocliange the n.s, not 
 the things, rebus noii couimutiti.- Im- 
 mutare v., Id. I>eg. 1, ij, j8 : ii.sed of 
 the n. of a freedwoman (Acte), Tac. A. 
 U. 12. Phr.: I'/wJt is your n.T qui 
 vocare ? Ter. Ad. ;, 6, } : my n. is l.y- 
 conides, Lj'coiiides vocor, PI. .\ul. 4. 10, 
 49. See also TO name. \\. Kepula'iim: 
 1, nomen : to have a n., n. habere, 
 
 Cic. Br. 69. 244 (cf. ib. 69, 2 j8. hiijus 
 
 nomen majus luissel) : to enjon some n. 
 and reputatiim. aliquod n.quc deiusque 
 gerere, Virg. Aen. 2, 89 ■ to win u« '■ver- 
 lasting n., n. Immortalitatjs (better, 
 aeteriium) mereri, Sil. ij, 722. tenijied 
 by the reputation of so gi eat a n., tanti 
 n. fama terriius. Veil. 2, 94 : to e'iipse 
 any one's n., aliciyiis nomlni officere. 
 Liv. prooem. : to lose its n. [of nine), 
 n. perdere, Cato K. R. 5? : cf. nee Baccho 
 genus, aut pomis sua n. servat, Virg. G 
 2, 240. 2. existimatio (good n.): to 
 prefer a good n. to a InnyuUmi, bonam 
 ex. regno praeponere, Nep. Ages. 4 • to 
 assail or liurt any one's good n., ex. op- 
 piignare, Cic. Fam J, lo ; offendere, id. 
 Plane. 2, 6 ; ex. lacerare. Suet Caes. 7; ; 
 ex. laedere, id. Ner. 58. 3. fania (in 
 good or bad sense) : gfjod n. and reputa- 
 tion, f. et existimatio, Cic Ijnint. i;, 50 
 (v. fame) to take an ay any one's good 
 11 , de f. alicujiis di trahere, Cic. Fam. ?, 
 8 : alicujus lamam laedere, ib. j, 7. 
 Phr.: to have a gi'Od n., bene audire : 
 cf. id. Fin. ?, 17, 57; a bad ime. male 
 audire, ib. 5, 40, 116. |||. Authority: 
 verba, orum : esp. in phr., in my, your 
 n., n'eis, tuis verbis; you vill oblige 
 me by congratulating your wife in mv 
 n., gratiim mihi (eceri.s si uxori tuae 
 mels V. eris gratulaius, Cic. Fam. i;. 8 : 
 in the n. of tlie Senate, Senaius verbis, 
 Liv. 9, }6. IV yame merely, without 
 the reality : nomen : friendship is a n., 
 fidelit'i an empty n., n. amicitia, n. inane 
 fides, Ov. A. A. I, 740 . the Campaniant 
 brought the n. rather than (the reality 
 of) strength, Campani n. magis quam 
 prae.sidium attuhruiit, Liv. 7, 29. V. 
 In adjurations ; by way of appeal : 
 Phr.: in the n. of gods and men, per 
 deos atque homines, Cic. Div. 2. >5, ■ 14 : 
 pro deorum atque homlnum Cdeiii, id. 
 Tusc. 5, 16, 48: in heaven's n., Di ! 
 vestram hdem, Ter. Andr. 4, J, 1. 
 
 name (<•■) ■• I. '^'o <^' ''y " """^ • 
 
 1. nomino, i : love, from which 
 friendship is (so) n.d. amor ex ((uo 
 amiciiia est nominal;!, Ctc. Am. 8 26: 
 oftener in sense (II.): v. iiifr. 2. '■'^P''' 
 by nomen, inis. n. ; and a verb <■ g. 
 n. alicui dare, Cic. Inv. i, 24, 54! I'lJere, 
 PI. St. 2, 1 , 20 ; facere, id. Men. 1 , 1 , 1 ; Im- 
 ponere (esp. with ref. to (Ain^s), Cic. Kin. 
 J, I, J. So to be n.d, n. invenire. reperire 
 [ex aliqua re], v. name. subs. (>.). 3. 
 nunciipo, i (appy. used, in this sense, to 
 avoid the repetition of similar syllables) : 
 they n.d (the ofl'spring) after the god 
 hiniself. ex nomine ipsius dei nuncupave- 
 runt, Cic. N. I). 2, 2}, 6o: Suet Aug. » 
 (Sextilem mensem e sue ii>gnomine 
 nunciipavit). 4. app*"!'". d''". ••<■- = 
 v. TO CALL. II. To mri'tion by name: 
 1. nomino! I : Me K'.inp'ians derm, 
 it an impiety lo n. .Mercury, (.Mercuriiira) 
 Aegvpiii nefas hal>-nl n., Cic. N. !>. }, 
 22, 56. Esp. in phr. quem honoris causa 
 nomino = i/AoOT /Name with all pos^ibU 
 respect, Cic. R. Am. 2, 6 : Ter. 2. imn- 
 cupo, I (rare in this sense): to n. (mu- 
 mi^ate)all lompeys triumphs, Pomp.iJ 
 omnes triumphos n., Plin. 7, 26. I7. |||, 
 To d/'signat'\ appoint, fix : Phr. : ton. 
 any one heir, heredem aliquem nuncu- 
 pare, Ulp. IMg. 28, 1, 21 : Tac. (the legal 
 phr.) : to n.a master of the horse, ma- 
 glstrumequitumdicere(v. TONOMrsATK, 
 appoint) : to n. the day for a wedding, 
 diem uuptiis dicere, Ter. Andr. i, i, 75 ; 
 Caes.: Cic 
 
 4<)'
 
 ISAMELESS 
 
 N ASTl J. Y 
 
 NATIVITY 
 
 nameless : I. ^ot having a name : 
 nomiiiis exjters; nullo vocabulo insigiiis 
 s. insignitus: v. name. ||, Not men- 
 tioned by name : P h r. ; certain persons, 
 who shall be «.. •certi homines quos 
 nominare nolo. (N.B. — No such adj. as 
 anonyraus.) 
 
 namely : 1. expr. by apposition of 
 subs. : two most powerful cities, n., 
 Carthage and Corinth, duae potentis- 
 simae urbes, Carthago et Coriiithus, Cic. 
 Man. 20, 60 : these most ba^e and itici/n- 
 sistent vices, n., luxury and avarice, 
 pessuraa ac diversa inter se mala, luxuria 
 atque avaritia. Sail. Cat. 5 : cf. ib. 9, 
 duabus his artibus, audaeia in bello ; 
 ubi pax evenerat, aequitate, these tiro 
 virtues, namely, . . . . : et pass. 2. 
 when greater emphasis is needed : dico 
 (I mean to say) : ef. Cic. N. D. I, Ji, 86, 
 ea quae timenda esse negaret, mortem 
 dico et decs, 1. e. namely, death and the 
 gods: cf. id. Tusc. i, }2, 'jS, amicos 
 nostros Stoicos .... eos dico, qui dicunt, 
 etc. In similar sense, Hor. has inquam : 
 cetera turba, nos inquam (iianuly, our- 
 selves). Sat. 2, 8, 27. 3. scilicet (not 
 so in good authors) : cf. Suet. Aug. 29, 
 quaedam opera alieno ncmine, nepotum 
 scilicet et uxoris sororlsque, i. e. namely, 
 that of his grandsons, etc. (N B. — A 
 usage to be sparingly followed.) So also 
 videlicet is occasionally used, where the 
 reference to some person or thing is 
 quite obvious: cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 24, 
 caste jubet lex adire ad deos, animo 
 videlicet, in quo sunt omnia (" tliat is 
 to say," or "namely" in mind): cf. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. (II ). 4. intro- 
 ducing an entire sentence illustrative of 
 something that has gone before, nam : 
 cf. Cic. Part. 11, }8, rerum bonarum et 
 malarum tria sunt genera: nam aut in 
 animis, aut in corporibus, aut extra 
 esse possunt : i. e. namely, mental, 
 bodily, or exlerrtal (Kr.) : also Virg. G. 
 I, 451, hoc etiam. . .proluerit nieminisse 
 
 niagis : nam saepe videmus i. e. 
 
 namely, ue often see, etc. : t. fou. 
 
 namesake : 1. cognomlnis, e (adj.) : 
 of. Veil. I, I, cognominem patriae suae 
 Salaraina constituit, 1. e. he made his new 
 abode the n. of his old: so Virg. Aen. 6, 
 J85, gaudet cognomine terra: PI. 2. 
 expr. by circuml., eodem nomine dictus, 
 cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 46, loj. 
 
 naming (.subs.) .- 1. nominatio : 
 Vitr. : Auct. Her. 2. nuncupatiu (the 
 act of n. an heir): Suet. Cal. j8: l»ig. 
 (Or. expr. by verb : v. to name.) 
 
 nap (sulis.) : I. The uooUy sub- 
 stance on the surface of cloth ■- nearest 
 word, villus : cf. Virg. Aen. i, 702, tonsis 
 mantelia villis, i. e. tmveh with the shaggy 
 nap clipped with scissors. With the n. <m 
 (of fresh cloth), pexus: Hor. Ep. i, 1,95. 
 II. A short sleep: brevis somims : 
 T take a very short «., brevissimo somno 
 ntor. Sen. Ep. 8j, 6. Phr. : to take a 
 short n., dormire minimum, Plin. Ep. j, 
 5, 1 1 : Sen. 1. c. (cf. exiguum dormire, in 
 somewhat difT. sense, Plin. N. H. 10, 77, 
 97) : to take a midday n., meridiari, 
 Cels. I, 2, med. : also, meridiare (act. 
 form), Suet. Cal. J8 : also conquiescere 
 may sometimes serve, though it denotes 
 simply rest, whether sleeping or not : 
 cf. Suet. Aug. 78, init. 
 
 nap (v.) : brevi somno utor : v. pre- 
 ced. art. Phr. ; to be caught napping, 
 oscitantem opprimi, Ter. Andr. i, 2, 10. 
 
 nape of the neck : cervix, icis,/. .- 
 
 v. m:ck. 
 
 napkin : 1. mappa (table n.) : 
 Hor. S. 2, 8, 6} : Mart. 2. mantele 
 or mantile, is (towel): Virg. Aen. i, 702. 
 (In Mart. 12, 29, 12, mantele is a table- 
 cloth.) 
 
 napless : tritus : v. threadbare. 
 
 narcissus : narcissus : Plin. : v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 narcotic (047.) ■• 1. somnifer, era. 
 grum : n. power, vis s., Plin. 18. 25, 61 : 
 Ov. 2. somnificus: Plin. 
 
 narcotic (subs.) : medicamentum 
 somnificiim : Plin. J7. 10, 57. 
 
 nard: nardus, i. /. ; and nardum, i, 
 n.; Plin.; v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 492 
 
 Used both of the plant and the oil made 
 from it: cf. Hor. Od. 2, 11, 16: Tib. 
 Made of n., nardinus : e. g. n.-oil, uii- 
 guentum nardinum, Plin. i;, i, 2 ( 15. 
 narrate : narro, enarro, i : V. TO 
 
 RELATE. 
 
 narration : 1. narratio : Cic. Inv. 
 I, 19, 27 (where the different kinds of 
 narration are specified) : Auct. Her. 
 2. expositio (statement, settihg 
 forth): Cic. I.e.: Auct. Her. i. 10, 17. 
 (Or expr. by verb : to excel in n., *in 
 narrando praestare : to give a detailed 
 n., *omnia quemadmodum acta sunt 
 exponere : v. to relate.) 
 
 narrative (subs.): 1. narratio 
 (esp. as part of a speech, rhetorically 
 considered) : lucid n., aperta n., Cic. 
 Inv. I, 20, 29 : a brief, lucid n., n. brevis, 
 dllucida, Auct. Her. i, 9, 15 : credible 
 n.s, set ftrth in almost familiar lan- 
 guage, n. credibiles, prope quotidiano 
 sermone explicatae, Cic. Or. j6, 124. 
 Dimin., narratiuncula (a shoi-t n.), Quint. 
 1,9.6: Plin. rain. 2. historia (n. o/" 
 2Xist events; also in gen. sense, a story) : 
 
 V. STOBY. 
 
 narrative {adj-) •• expr. by narro, 
 narratio: in the n. parts (of a speech), 
 *ubi aliquid narratur; innarrationibus: 
 V. preced. artt. 
 
 narrator : narrator : Cic. de Or. 2, 
 54, 2iy. (Or expr. by verb: cf. L. G. 
 ^ 6j8.) 
 
 narrow ("<y-) •• 1. angustus : opp. 
 to latus, Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92 : a very n. 
 entrance to a harbour, fauces portus 
 angustissimae, Caes. B. C. i, 25: Hor. 
 Fig.: n. (straite7ied) circumstances, 
 res angusta domi, Juv. j, 164. I'er^ «., 
 perangustus : a very n. entrance, p. 
 aditus, Caes. B. 6. 7, IJ: Cic. 2. 
 
 artus, arctus (confined; where there is 
 not room enough) : Caes. : Li v. : v. con- 
 fined. Phr.: he had a n. escape of. . ., 
 nil propius est factum, quam ut. . ., cf. 
 Cic. Clu. 11, fin.; baud muliiun abfuit 
 quin. . ., Liv. 42, 44, init. 
 
 narrow («•)• |. Trans. : 1. 
 coarto, I : the channel of the Tiber had 
 been n.'d by the fall of buildings, alveus 
 Tiberis aedificiorum prolapsionibus co- 
 artatus (erat). Suet. Aug. jo : Liv. 2, 
 angusto, I (rare): Lucan ;, 2J2: Plin.: 
 V. TO contra<;t (A., i.). II, Intrans.: 
 expr. by coarto, angusto, with pron. 
 rejl., or as pass. : drains which n. to- 
 wards the bottom, fossae ad solum coar- 
 tatae. Col. 2, 2, post init. : (a mine ivhich) 
 n.s touanls the mouth, ore angustatur, 
 Plin 17, 8, 4 ^ 45 : the road gradually 
 n.s, *paullatim via se coartat (angustior 
 fit) : V. supr. ; and narrow (culj.). 
 
 narrowly : |. yearly, within a 
 little : expr. by hand Ujultum abest, 
 etc.: V. narrow (tx;?-.) ||, closely, 
 
 with careful scrutiny : diligenter, acca- 
 rate, subtiliter : v.carefcllt, exactly. 
 
 narrow-minded : animi angusti, 
 
 parvi, pusilli (gen. of quality or descrip- 
 tion) : cf. Cic. Off. I, 20, 68, nihil est 
 tarn angusti animi, tani parvi, quam 
 amare diviiias: also id. Fam. 2, 17, 
 fin.: In both cases, the exprr. denote 
 littleness or jjettiness of mind as opp. to 
 ge7ierosity. 
 
 narrowness : angustlae, arum 
 (strictlj' concrete rather than abstract ; 
 v. defile) : the n. (confined nature) of 
 the ground prevents. . ., prohibent an- 
 gustiae loci, Sail. Cat. 58, fin. : on ac- 
 count of the n. of the path, th^y u-ere 
 compelled to advance in single file, *per 
 angustias nonnisi singiili ire poti-rant. 
 Fig.: n. of soul, an^ustiae pectoris, 
 Cic. in Pis. 11, init. (Or expr. by adj. : 
 V. narrow.) 
 
 narwhal : * monodon monoceros 
 (Webster). 
 
 nasal : expr. by nasus, nares : v. 
 
 NOSE, NOST.^lIL. 
 
 nasalize : Vhr.-. to n. a vowel, »vo- 
 calem de nare pronuntlare (cf Pers. 1, 
 ;2); *vocalem anuswara (quam sans- 
 criiici volunt) adhibita pronuniiare. 
 
 nascent: niiscens, ntis (in the state 
 of infancy) : Cic. Br. 7, 27 : Virg. 
 
 nastily ; foede, tetre : v. foully 
 
 nastiness: foedltas, obscaenitas: v 
 foulness, OBscENrrr. 
 nasty: foedus, teter, obscaeniis: v. 
 
 FOUL, OBSCENE, NAUSEOUS. 
 
 natal : 1. naialis, e : n. star (ace 
 to astrology), n. astrum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
 187 : n. day, n. dies, Cic. Att. j, 20: v. 
 BiBTH-DAY. 2. natallclus or -tins: 
 
 n. stais, n. sidera, Cic. Div. 2, 4J, 91 : 
 Mart. 
 
 nation : 1. gens, ntis (most gen. 
 and comprehensive term) : the great 
 and uarlike n. qf the Aequians, Aequo- 
 rum g. magna et ferox, Cic. Rep. 2, 20 : 
 beUmging to the n. of the Germans, ex 
 g. [numeroque] Gennanorum, Caes. B. G. 
 6, J2: through all n.s and trit)es, pet 
 omnes g. nationesque. Quint. 11, }, 87: 
 Cic. Man. 11, ji : cf. id. N. D. }, ft), gj, 
 where the following gradation is given : 
 singuli homines . . . civitates. . .nationes 
 et gentes. The pi. gen tes sometimes =: 
 foreign n.S: cf. Tac. G. a. 2. natio 
 (properly, a tribe fmming a people by 
 itself, whether the whole of the race or 
 not : also In gen. spnse : cf. Tac. G. i, 
 fin., where it is stated that the name of 
 a tribe [natlo] became ultimately that 
 of the entire race [gens] ; also exx. 
 supr.) : all (other) n.s can bear slavery: 
 our state cannot, omnes n. servitutem 
 ferre possunt: nostra civitas non potest, 
 Cic. Ph. 10, 10, 20. 3. popaius (a 
 people or organized political ct/wmu- 
 nity) : v. people. 
 
 national : expr. by gens (natio) : n. 
 peculiarities, quae gentis propria sunt, 
 cf. Tac. G. 10, med. (proprium gentis. . ., 
 with inf.) : n. customs, *gentis insti- 
 tuta, mores, leges (cf. Caes. B. G. init.): 
 it is a n. foible, gentis vitium est, cf. 
 Juv. J, 121. Phr.: n. assembly, con- 
 cilium populi, Liv. 24, I1,extr.: Nep. : 
 if an assembly of n. delegates be meant, 
 peril. *convcntus populi legatorum : n. 
 debt, *aes alienum publice contractum 
 (R. and A.) : a n. temple, *templum quo 
 cuiicti ejusdem gentis conveniunt : n. 
 religion, *sacra publice recepta (Kr.). 
 
 nationality : e-xpr- by populus, gens, 
 natio : the multitude gradually assumed 
 the features of n., multitude sensim in 
 nnius populi corpus coalescere coepit, 
 Kr. (e Liv. 1,8): a sense of common n. 
 stimulated the Italians, *in spem erecti 
 sunt Itali, quippe qui se eodem genere 
 oriundos in unius populi corpus coales- 
 cere debcre crederent. 
 
 nationally: expr. by gens, natio: 
 V. nation. 
 
 native (adj.) : 1. indigena, ae, c. ; 
 vemaculus ; v. indigenous. 2. ger- 
 miinus (-eal, genuine) : the old,n. Cam' 
 panians, veteres g.que Cainpani, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, j;, 97. 3. genuinus (rare): 
 
 n. and home-bred virtues, g. domesticae- 
 que virtutes (opp. to transmariiiae atque 
 importatae), Cic. Rep. 2, i;: Gell. (.Na- 
 tivus = natural, as opp. to artificial : 
 e. g., n. salt, nativum sal, Plin. ji, 7, jg 
 } 77.) Phr.: n. land, patria, Cic. pass. : 
 n. language, patrius sermo, Cic. Fin. i, 
 2, 4 : n. place, locus incunabulorum. 
 Suet. Vesp. 2 (= in quo aliquis natus 
 est). 
 
 native (subs.) .- 1. indigena (opp. 
 to advena, settler) : Liv. 21, jo, med. 
 2. natus (ljoi~n at any place) : he 
 was a n. of Antioch, Antiochiae na- 
 tus est, Cic. Arch, j, 4: of what place 
 was he a n. ? ubi natus est .> v. born. 
 Also a n. of Athens, Thebes, Assyria, etc., 
 may be expr. by the national appella- 
 tive: Atheniensis, Thebauus, Assyrius, 
 etc. 
 
 nativity : I. Birth : ortus. us : 
 the moon controls the n.s of infants, 
 ortus nascentitim luna moderatur, Cic. 
 l)iv. 2, 4J. 91 : V. origin. (Usu. better 
 e.\pr. by nascor, nStus ; gigno, etc. : the 
 day of Christ's n., *dies in quo [die] 
 Chiistus est natus : hymn on thi: n., *de 
 uascente Christo hymnus : v. birth. ) 
 II. Horoscope : 1. genesis, is, f 
 (table of n.) : Suet. Vesp. 14 : Juv. 2. 
 genitiira: Suet. Aug. 94: Eutr. 3. 
 
 thema, atis, n. (plan of the conjunction 
 of heavenlii bodies at anv otie's birtfO:
 
 NATURAL 
 
 NATURALLY 
 
 N A US E A.TE 
 
 Suet. Aug. 94. fxtr. P li r. : to cast n^, 
 notare sidera natalicia [quaecuiiqut; lu- 
 nae juncta videantur], CIc. Div. 2, 4}, 
 91 ; praedicere et iiotare allcujus vitaiu 
 ex natali die, cf. Cic. 1. C. 42, init. (li. 
 and A.): tft£ art of casting n.s, gerieth- 
 liaca ratio, Am. 2, 69 ; nne skilltd tlterein, 
 genethliacU8, Cbaldaeus, Gell. 14, I, init. 
 Comp. HOROSCOPE (ihrougbout). 
 
 natural (o^;.)' I. Pertaining to 
 or in accordance with nature ; naturalis, 
 e : n. questions, 11. quat-stioDes. Cic. Part. 
 18 : n. history, n. Iiistoria, Pllii. pref. : 
 n. law (as governing all nature), 11. lex, 
 Cic. N. D. I, 14, 1'nit. : a n. idea, iiotio 
 II. QaKjue inslta in aiiiniis iiosiris], Id. 
 Fill. I, 9, jr. Or expr. by natura. this 
 is n. to ttu soul, liaec est natura pro- 
 pria animae Qet vis], Cic. Pvep. 6, 26 : 
 this is n. to us, natura hoc nobis datum, 
 CHc. Kin. 5, I, z: as is n., sicut natura 
 fert, id. Part. 7, 24: a n. conseqiu^nce, 
 •quod ex ipsa rei natura sequilur (R. 
 and A.): v. kature. ||. Not manu- 
 
 factured : 1. nativus : tlie 71. bul- 
 
 warks >•/ the city (iJome). urbis praesldia 
 n., Cic. "Rep. 2, 6, init. : n. colour, color 
 n., Plin. }2, 7, 24 : n. hair, n. coma, Ov. 
 Am. I, 14, exlr. 2. vivus (esp. poet.) : 
 n. rock, V. saxnm, Virg. Aen. i, 167 : n. 
 sulphur, V. sulpliur, Plin. J5, 15, 50. 
 P h r. : a town with strong n. and arli- 
 ficial defences, oppidum natura loci et 
 manu miinitum, Caes. B. G. ;, 2;. |||, 
 Occurring in thr course of nature : na- 
 turalis : a n. dtalh, mors n., I'lin. 7. 55, 
 54 J 180 (for wbich, mors sicca, Juv. 
 10, 1 1 J). Phr. : to die a n. dtath (uti 
 necesbe est), naturae concedere. Sail. 
 Jug. 14, 7>tea. : comp. naturae satislacere, 
 Cic. Clu. 10, 29 : also, sua morte defungi. 
 Suet. Caes. 89; sua morte mori. Sen. 
 Ep. 69, fin. : or, as disease Is the most 
 common natural cause of death, in mor- 
 bum implicitus decedere, Nep. Ages. 
 extr. ; morbo opprimi, Cic. Clu. 7, 22 ; 
 morbo consumi, Nep. Reg. 2 ; (a) morbo 
 perire, ib. j : v. diskase. |y. lityn 
 of mere natural cohabitation : nrituralis 
 (late): a n. daughter, lilia n., Ulp. Dig. 
 
 40. 5, 40: V. ILLEGITIMATE. V. ^ "" 
 
 affeded; 1. naturalis: opp. to luca- 
 tus {false, artificial). Cic. Br. 9, 22. 
 2. perh. sinr^rus {genuine) : cf. 
 Tac. Dial. 28, fin., natura sincera et 
 Integra, et nullis pravitatibus detor- 
 ta {genuine, unaffected, uncorrupted). 
 Join simplex et sincenis, opp. to fu- 
 catus [versus]. Cell, u, 26, extr. 3. 
 innatus (strictly, born in any one, not 
 obtained frirni without) : opp. arcessitus. 
 Quint. 9, i, 74; opp. tradilus, id. 7, 10, 
 14. Join: innatus at<iue insltiis (opp. 
 assuniptus atque adveuticius), Cic. lop. 
 18,69; ingenitus et innatus. Plin Pan. 
 20. Phr.: ill a 7i. manner, sicut 
 natura fert. Cic. Part. 7, 26. VI. "<'■ 
 rived from natural constitutions not 
 acquired: Phr.: n. endowments, (i). 
 ingenium (a collective term), CIc. Kin. 
 5, I}, }6: to allow the lint place to n. 
 gifts (as distinguished from culture, 
 training), ingenio priiuas concedere, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, J5, init. • not necessarily im- 
 plying great powers : hence, slaw (i. 0. 
 inferior) n. parts, tirdum ing., id. de 
 Or. 2, 27, 117: t" have good n. parts. 
 ingenio valere, Quint, (ingenium may 
 even be used of inanim'ite things : cf 
 Tac. H. I, 51, ingenium loci coelique, 
 n. features of soil and climate). (-)• 
 indoles, is, /. {n. di.^position) : young 
 men of good n. Uispositiim anil abiliti'S, 
 adolescentes bona inilole praediti. Cic. 
 Sen. 8, 26 : so, laetae indolis adolescens, 
 Gell. 19, 9, init. (3). niitara : he pos- 
 sessed admirable n. gifts firr speaking, 
 n. habuit admirabilem ad dicendum, Cic. 
 Br. 81, 280 : to have excellent n. enduie- 
 ments, optima n. esse, id. Tusc. i, i;, 
 J5 : bad n. disposition, vitiosa n , id. 
 Q. Fr. I, I. 2. A fuller expr. is, natura 
 atque ingenium, id. de Or. i, 2;, init. 
 (4). more ornamental phrr., niunera na- 
 turae, Cic. de Or. I, 25, 115; naturae 
 dotes, Plin Ep. ;, 5, 4 : n. features of 
 climate, patrii cultus h:vbitusque loco- 
 nna, Virg. G. i, 52. VH. Agreeabk 
 
 to any one's disposition or nature ; or 
 to human iiature generally : 1. expr. 
 by naiura, inggnlum: it is n. to tiate 
 the nuin you tear, hoc natura insitum 
 est, ut quern metuerls, hunc oderis, Cic. 
 Sull. }o, 8! (cf. Ter. Heaut. j, i, 94, Ita 
 comparaum es.se hominuin naturam) : 
 with custom, doing good has become n. 
 to me, bene facere jam ex consuetudine 
 in naturam vertlt. Sail. Jug. 85, ad init. : 
 to follow one's n. t)ent, suo vivere in- 
 genio, LIv. J, j6, init. : as is n. to youth, 
 •quod solet adolescentiuni Ingenium esse. 
 2. perh. proprius {naturally belong- 
 ing or peculiar to: with gen.) : this is 
 n. to living creatures, to desire some- 
 thing, proprium hoc animaniium, ut ali- 
 quid appelant, Cic. N. D. i. J7, 104: v. 
 I'ECULIAB. Phr.: n. to human beings, 
 humanus : 'tis n., humanum est ! Ter. 
 Ad. J, 4. 25: Cic. Verr. 5, 44, 1 17: 
 having a n. taste for anything, pronus 
 ad aliquani rem. Suet. Ner. 52. VIII. 
 The.il. term: Phr.: n. religion or the- 
 obigy, *cognitio Dei (rerum divinanim) 
 ratione (? natura sola) duce comparata ; 
 or for brevity, theologla naturalis (Kr.) : 
 or perh. (more definitely), *l>ei cognitio 
 nullis divinae revelatioiiiit adjumentis 
 adepla s. comparata. 
 
 natural (sui^s) ■ v. idiot. 
 
 naturalism : *eorum ratio qui om- 
 nia natiirali lege fieri disputant; nihil 
 supra naturaleni legem esse coiitendunt. 
 (Avoid naturalismus.) 
 
 naturalist : '• e. one who studies 
 natural hi.--tory : *animantlum s. herba- 
 rum peritus (homo); qui animaniium 
 s. herlianitii naturae cognoscendae stu 
 del. (IMiysicus is rather a natural phi- 
 losopher tlian a naturalist : defined by 
 Cic. as speculator venatorque naturae, 
 N. I). I, 30. init.) 
 
 naturalization : cf. foil. art. 
 
 naturalize : \. T" confer on an 
 alien the status of a native subject : 
 expr. by, civilatem dare, impertire ; 
 civitate donare : v. to enfranchise ; 
 FRANCHISE. Fig.: to n. a wirrd, verbo 
 civitatem dare, Suet. Gr. 22 ( I'u, Caesar, 
 civilatem dare poles houiinibus; verbo 
 non poles) : tlie word soritejs is quite 
 n.d in Latin, sorites satis Latino ser- 
 mone tritus est, Cic. Div. 2, 4, 1 1 (R. 
 and A.); *hoc verbuni omniiio jam pro 
 vemaculo adhibelur ; hoc verbo plerique 
 omnes ut genuino s. domesiico utuntur. 
 II. To accustom a plant or animal 
 to a new climate : expr. by assuefacio, 
 J : V. TO ACCUSTOM. |||. To search 
 
 for specimens of plants, etc. : *herbarum 
 atque animaniium varia genera investi- 
 gare, conquirere. 
 
 naturally : I. By nature .- 1. 
 nruiiraliter : alacrity n. implanted in 
 all men, alacriias n. innata (■mnibus, 
 Caes. B. C. J, 92 : {men) n. very different, 
 naturaliterdis>iniillimi. Veil. 2.60. 2. 
 natura (modal abl.): n. implanted {in 
 Tiuin), n. insitum, Cic. Sull. JO, 85 : to be 
 n. so constituted, n. ita esse factum, id. 
 Br. 80, 276 : et posy. So, when human 
 nature is intended, ingenio : this is what 
 ire are most of tis n. inclined to, ita 
 plerique ingenio siimus omnes, Ter. Ph. 
 I, J, 20: cl. NATURAL (Vll.) \\. .igiee- 
 alily to nature : secundum naturam, Cic. 
 Fill. 5,9,26; convenlenter naturae {e.g. 
 vivere), id. Tusc. ;, 28, 82 ; more fully, 
 cnngrueiiter naturae cimvenienterque, id. 
 Fin. J, 7, 26 : in somewhat different sense, 
 sicut natura fert {in a natural sponta- 
 7i'0us nay), id. Part. 7, 24. |||. Un- 
 alVectedly : simpliciier (Kr): v. simi-ly. 
 Better, sicut natura fert. (v. sujrr. 11.): 
 or perh. sine mala affectatione, cf. Quint. 
 8, J, 56. IV. -^s "■ iiatural conse- 
 quence: ngcessarie or -o : v. neci-ssa- 
 Kii.Y. Or by circuml., *ex ipsa re ; (id"^ 
 quod (ipsa) res habet (cf. Sail. Oit. 51, 
 med., de poena possumus dicere, id quod 
 res lialiet = what n. presents itself) : it 
 follou'd n., *aliter fieri non potuit quam 
 factum est. V. ■'^pontaveousli/ : without 
 lultiniHon : (sua) sponte : opp. toalieno 
 impulsu. Cic. N. Ii. 2, 12, J2: of plants 
 not needing to /*■ .-oi'T), sp sua venire, 
 Virg. G. 2, II : V. spontaneouslv. 
 
 nature : I. In *'<le sense, tke 
 system and laws of tfie universe. L 
 niitiira (rerum) : comp. title of poem of 
 Lucr., de natura rerum : wluxt it con- 
 trary to the laws of n., qu<jd n. rerum 
 non patitur, Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 54: (Ac care- 
 ful provisiim of n., naturae providentia 
 diligens, Cic. N. D. 2, 56, init. : it is 
 difficult to define n., n. ipsam definire 
 difficile est, id Inv. 1, 24, 54 : a na- 
 tural philosopher, i. e. an inquirer and 
 searclier into »i., pbysicus. Id est, sr>ecu- 
 lator venaloroue naturae, id. N. I>. jo, 
 81. (N.B. — When the entire system of 
 things is meant, and without personifi- 
 cation, rerum should be added : cf. L. G. 
 i 595.) 2. niundiis, summa rerum 
 (Lucr.) : V. UNIVERSE. ||. A'aturol 
 
 co7is(itu<Mm of anything : 1. nalCira: 
 the n. of the soul, n. aiiimai, Lucr. i, ii | : 
 CIc. : the n. {natural ftatarrs) of things 
 and places, n. rerum et locorum, Cic 
 Q. Fr. 2, 16: Caes. 2. pruprictas 
 {peculiar n., proi>erty) : ea>h thing hat 
 its own n., singularum rerura singiilae 
 p. sunt, Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 56: Liv. : v. fka- 
 TUBE (11.). 3. iiiggniura, indoles 
 
 (both chiefly of persons, but aLso of 
 things) : v. NATURAL (Vi.). 4. ha- 
 bitus, us (not so in Cic): the n { = phy- 
 sical features) of Italy, h. llaliae, Liv. 
 9, 11, fin. : Virg. G. 1, 52. 6. vi^ 
 vim, vi,/. {force, essential n.) : bi grasp 
 the real n. of virtue, vim vlrtutis tenere. 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 16, med. Join: via et 
 natura [eloquentiae], Cic. Or. >i, HI- 
 III, llumaii nature : huniinum or 
 humana natura ; v. human. Hsp. in 
 such phrr. as, this is human n., hoc na- 
 tura Insitum est; ita natura comparati 
 sunius; sic est ingenium: v. nati;bal 
 (Vli.). IV. That which n.iturally 
 characterizes, as distinguished from 
 uhat is acquired: natiira: drive n.out 
 uith a pitch-fork; yet it vUl come run- 
 ning back, n. expellas furca, tamen usqne 
 recurrel, Hor. Ep. i, lo, 24: to haxx the 
 force of n. (of habit), naturae vim ob- 
 tiuere, Cic. Inv. 1,2,}: use is second v., 
 usus est altera n. (Prov.). V. Kotural 
 scenery: Phr.: the beauties of n.. 
 amoenitates locorum; cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 
 J9, 100, quanta marls est pulchritudo. . . 
 quae amoenitates orarum et litorum. 
 (Plin. min. has naturae opera, 8, 20, /m.. 
 to dMote natural phaenomena : bul the 
 phr. should not be used merely of the 
 aspect of nature"). VI. As term of 
 art: I'hr.: to /laini ./Vom n., 'ad ipsius 
 rei speciem piugcre. VII. ^^'"^ ""^f- 
 to the necessities of nature: Phr.: to 
 attend to a call of n.. ad requisita na- 
 turae discedere. Span. Carac 6 : corpus 
 exonerare. Sen. Ep. 70, 17 : Plin. has, 
 desideria obscaena, of such calls of n., 
 N. H. jj, J. 14. 
 
 natured : ^'^ gooivnatcbfd, etc. 
 
 naught {subs.) : Phr.: to set at n.. 
 negligere, parvi facere, etc : v. to dis- 
 regard, DESPISE. 
 
 naught (urfj-) •• nequam, indecl.: v. 
 
 GOOD-FOR-NOTHING. 
 
 naughty : 1. imprSbus (pen. term 
 to express disapproval) : n. words (inde- 
 cent), i. verba, Ov. A. A. 796 : n. im- 
 moral) Gades, i. Gades, Mart. 5. 78. 26. 
 2 petfilans, ntis {i>eit, saucy) : cf. 
 Phaedr. j. 5, 2. (Aesopo quidam petu- 
 lans lapidem impegerat.) Also malun 
 (playfully) with ref. to coquetry : the n. 
 girl hid 'herself, delituit mala, PI. Rud. 
 
 2. 5. 9- 
 
 nausea : I. strictly, sea-su-kness : 
 nausea: v. ska-sickne:s. ||. Sjueam 
 isliness, sickhi feeling: 1. fastidium 
 {loathing for food) : to excite n., (magna) 
 movere sumiacho fasiidla, Hur. S. 2, 4, 
 78; f. creare, Plin. 22, 24, 5°: to dispel 
 71., f. abigi're. id. 2;, 9. 81 f 161. 2. 
 
 nausSa (a miire riolent sensation than 
 preced., arid nsu. attended uith vomit- 
 ing) : sickntss is beneficial to any one 
 suffering jrom n., vomilus prodest ei 
 cui nausea est, Ccls. 1, }, med.: indi- 
 gestion causing n., cmdidates quae n. 
 faciimt. Plin. 26, II, 69: v. sicknfjs. 
 Causing n.. niiiiseabilis, Coel. .Aur. 
 
 nauseate : |, l n t r a n s., to suffer 
 491
 
 NAUSEATI NCx 
 
 NEAR 
 
 MEAK]S£SS 
 
 from nausea: nauseo, i (rare in this 
 sense) Ceis. i, j, m^d. (si sine vomitii 
 nauseavit, al. nausea luii) Cic. (^to 
 be sick\ Also, nausea s. fasudio la- 
 borare, v. preced. art. ||. rran.-. : 
 (a), to fed dtsijiid at: 1. fastidio, 
 4 (to feel lualhing for food) : v. to 
 LOATHE. (In fig. sense, fastidio=to dis- 
 dain.) 2. expr. by nausea, fastidium, 
 with a verb : to n. Jkittfry, *adulan- 
 tium quasi nausea quadam teneri, affici. 
 (b). to cauae nausea : fastidium s. nau- 
 seam facere, creare, movere v. nacsea. 
 
 nauseating {adj.): expr. by fasti- 
 dium facere, etc, . v. nausea. 
 
 nauseous: 1. teter, tra, truni 
 
 (offtufit'e to any of the senses) . n. ivorm- 
 wood, absinthiii t., Lucr. 4, ii : Caes. : 
 Cic. : V. N(Asome. 2, lastidiendus . 
 
 Plin. 25, 7, J8 (de odore), 3 amarus 
 (strictly, Itiller , but also in wider sense, 
 offensive) : a n. {taste in the) mnutk,a. 
 OS, Ctls I, J . n. flavours, a. suci, Plin. 
 II, 6, ;. 
 
 nauseousness : expr. by teter, ama- 
 rus: noihing can exceed the n. of this 
 drink, *hoc potu nil potest esse tetrius 
 ne(jue amarius. 
 
 nautical : namicus : a n. term, ver- 
 bum n., Cic. Att. ij, 2i • hnon led;ie of 
 n. affairs, sciintia n, rerum, Caes. B. G. 
 
 }, 8 Cf. NAVAL. 
 
 naval: 1. navalls, e: land or n. 
 eni/ayemi'nts, peilestres, n.ve pugnae. Cic. 
 Sen. 5 : an. crmvn, corona n., Virg. 
 Aen. 8,684. Caes. (.N.B.— Navalis le- 
 fers to ships as co^mectvd nith nar; 
 nauticMS to the nautical ait yeneraUi/ : 
 cf. NAUTICAL.) 2. niaiitimus (similar 
 to nauticns. v. si(pr.): n. affairs, res 
 maritimae (= nauiicae), Caes. B G 4, 
 2J : V. MAnnrME. Phr : he was a con- 
 summate n. and larul commander, im- 
 perator fuit summus niari et terra, Nep. 
 Ale. I : to carry on n. expeditions, rem 
 gerere navibus, Hor. Od. i. 6, ?; t'tis 
 was chiijiy a n. i' ar, *lioc bellum mari 
 magis quam terra gestum est; magis 
 navalibiis quam lerreslrihus copiis pug- 
 natum est: to be a great n. pmuer, la(e 
 mare tenure, classe maritimisque rebus 
 valere, Cic. Man. 18, 14. 
 
 nave: I. '/ <i wheel: mSdiOlus: 
 Plin. 9, 4,?: Vitr. ||, (if a church: 
 "■eccleslae quae pare navis iiidiur. 
 
 navel: umbilicus: CeLs. 1, 14: Plin. 
 Fig.: the n. (cfntre) of the iiorld, u. 
 orbis terrarum (Delphi), iAv. J8, 48, mil. 
 
 navel-shaped: umbin. atus (umbi- 
 lici forinani h;ibens) : Plin. i?, J, 7 } ;2. 
 
 navigable: 1. navlgabilis, e (the 
 best word to use in geogr. description): 
 a n. river, n. amnis, Liv. J8, J. Jtn.j 
 Tac: Plin.: Mela (pcuts). 2. na- 
 vium paiiens : Liv. 21, 31, ad fin.: 
 Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 12: also, navjgationis 
 patiens (less good). Just. j6, }, •). Phr.: 
 not to he n.firr large vessds {of a river), 
 gravissimas navium non perferre, Liv. 
 10, 2, med. : n. for merchant-vessels 
 which were mostly small), onerariarum 
 navium capax (flumen), Plin. 6. 2?. 26 
 f 99 : a 7-iver n. for moderate-sized ves- 
 sels, flumen modicarum navium. ib. ; 
 *quod mndicas naves alveo capit: to 
 make a river n., *efficere ut in fluvio 
 aliquo navigari possit. 
 
 navigate : navigo, 1 : v. to sah.. 
 
 Foil, by direct ace. in poetry and rhetor, 
 prose ; also in later writers generally : 
 to n. the Tuscan main, Tyrrhenum n. 
 aequor, Virg. Aen. i, 67 : Cic. (quum 
 Xerxes maria ambulasset, terramque 
 navigasset). Fin. 2, J4, 112 he vas the 
 first to n. the Northern Ocean, Oceanum 
 Septentrionalem primus navigavit. Suet 
 Cl. I, init.: Plin. Phr.. to n. the 
 Buxine (as a matter of seamanship), 
 navem in Euxinc gubernare, Cic. de Or. 
 I, J8, 174 : cf. navem agere, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 I, 114 : the Phoeiiieians nere the first to 
 n. the Atlantic, *primi Phoenices Atlan- 
 ticum mare navibus adierunt (or obie- 
 Tunt. traversed). 
 
 navigation: 1. navigatio (in 
 
 C!c. = voi/ayf) Just, ib, ?, 7. 2, 
 
 expr. by navlgo, naves . as soon as, 
 
 from the season of the year, n. is pro/:- 
 
 494 
 
 ticable, quum per anni tempus navigare 
 poteris, Cic. Fam. 16, 7 ■ the uhule west- 
 ern {ocean) is now open to >i., lotus 
 hodie navigatur occidens, I'lin. 2, 67, 
 67 } 167 skilled in n., *navium guber- 
 nandarum (regendarum) peritus: v. to 
 navigate. Phr.: they surpass the rest 
 in the art and practice of n., scientia 
 atque usu naulicarum rerum reliquos 
 antecedunt, Caes. B. G. j, 8, 
 
 navigator : nauUi. navlta, navigator 
 (rare) : v. sailor Or expr. by pres. 
 part, of navigo ■ v. L. G. J 6;8. See 
 
 also EXCAVATOK. 
 
 navy : classis, naves, copiae navales . 
 V. FLEET. As a department of affairs, 
 *rea navalis Phr.- M. Bibulus had 
 the entire control of the n., toti officio 
 maritimo M. Bibulus praepositus cuncta 
 administiabat, Caes. B. C. j, 5, extr. : to 
 give to any one the command of the o., 
 alicui niaritinium imperium concedere, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 32, 85. 
 
 nay: I. As negative answer: non, 
 non ita: v. no. ||. Aay more, nay 
 rattier ; introducing a remark corrective 
 of what precwles 1. imnio or Imo ; 
 
 esp. strengthened by vero . cf. Cic. Cat. 
 I, I. 2, vivii.'' iiiimo vero in Senatum 
 venit, i. e. nay more ; he actually comes 
 into the Senate : also. Suet. Aug. 65, 
 Agrippam nihilo traciabiliorem, immo 
 in dies amentiorem. i. e. nay rather ,- he 
 became wmse: this u>e of immo (vero) 
 is very freq. in conversation, cf Ter. 
 Andr. i, i, j . Eun. 2, J, ;8, et pass. 
 2. alque ad.-^o (—and more than 
 that): they hint this; nay more, they 
 opinly shoin, hoc significant, atque adeo 
 aperte ostendunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 2,60, 148. 
 v. Smith's Lat. fiict. s. v. adeo (111). 
 3. quid .' quod. . . (an elliptical mode 
 of speech, iniroducing something that 
 coidd hardly have been expected ; what 
 of til is... that ...): nay more, if tliat be 
 true, all reason is done awai/ with, quid, 
 quod, SI ista vera sunt, rati) omnis tol- 
 lilur? Civ. Ac. 2, 8, 26: cf. id. Man. 5, 
 12, quid, quod salus sociorum sunimum 
 in periculuiii ac disciimen vocatur f 
 (N.B.— A note of interrogation is often 
 put immediately after the <.<uid.) See 
 
 also MOBEOV KB. 
 
 neao : Phr.; the n. tides, *aestus 
 maritimi minimi (cf. Caes. B. G 4, 29, 
 luna plena... mari I imos aestus maximos 
 efficere coiisu'vji) : or perh. aestus in- 
 aiies (a term a)>plied by Plin. to the 
 lowe.-<t lilies, N. U. 2, 97, 99 $ 2i6). 
 
 near (adj.) . |. Not far distant 
 in place or time : 1. prSpinquus ; 
 
 eomp. prSpior ; sup. proxTmus (in pre- 
 diiative use, after to be, pr6p6, prSplus, 
 proxime . v. near, adv.): places n. the 
 line of march, propinqua itineris (al. 
 itineri) loca, Liv. 6, 25, med. (v. neigh- 
 bouring) . a n.er eminence, commanding 
 the Roman camp, propior tumulus, atque 
 immiiiens Romanorum castris, Liv. 22, 
 24, med. (propior also occurs with ace, 
 cf. Salt. J. 49, init., ipse propior mon- 
 tem suos collocat) : the n.est toirns, prox- 
 Ima oppida, Caes. B. G J, 12 : the Belgae 
 are n.est to the Germans, Belgae Ger- 
 maiiis proximae sunt, ib. i, I (also with 
 ace, cf. Liv. J5, 27, ager proximus finem 
 Megalopolitarum -, and with prep, ab : 
 ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit, 
 Liv. J7, 25 • Ov P h r. : to have a n. 
 ricir of anything, aliquid prope intueri, 
 Cic Sen. 14, 48 (where some read prop- 
 ter, which expresses more than prope) ; 
 e proximo aspicere, PUn. Ep. 6, 16, 17. 
 (N.B. — For near, of time, v. recent; 
 NEAR at hand.) 2. vicinus : V. 
 
 NEiGHBOCBiNG. ||. Of roads, leading 
 directly to a place : Phr.: the n.est 
 road to a place, via ad (in, with ref. to 
 a country) . . .proxima(etcompendiaria 
 = a short cut). Cic. OfT. 2, 12, 45 (tig.): 
 Caes. Ill, Having blood relationship : 
 prQpinquus; more fully, genere propin 
 quus. Sail. Jug. 10. Cic; the n.est of 
 kin, genere proximus, Ter. Ad. 4. ;, 17 ; 
 pr. cogiiatione, Cic. Inv. 2, 49. i44 v. 
 NEABLY-KELATED. |V. Niggardly: 
 
 parens, sordidus, etc.: v. niggardlY; 
 
 MEAN. 
 
 near (adv.): \. Otplaxe: L 
 propg (adv and prep); camp prCpins; 
 sup. pioxime (loll, by dat.,acc., or prep. 
 ab: also absol.) to be somewhere n., 
 esse alictibi prope, Cic Fam. 9, 7 . you 
 uere sitting n. my house, prope a meis 
 aedibus sedebas, Id. in Pis. 11, 26; to 
 keep herds n.er the stalls, propius sta- 
 bulis armenta tenere, Virg. G i, jj;- 
 Nep. oftener with ace. or ab. : n.er the 
 west, propius soils occasum, Caes. B. 6. 
 4, 28 • Cic. . nsr to the earth, propius a 
 terris, Cic. N I). I, ji, 87. often with 
 abesse (to be n.er to a place), yuu are 
 n.er (than I am), propius abes, id. Att. 
 I, I, 2 to be n.er to Brundisium, pro- 
 pius a Biundisio abesse, ib. 8, 14 : so 
 with proxime (rery near, nearest), which 
 has the same construction as prope, pro- 
 pius Caes. ; Cic. 2. propter (quite 
 near , close by) : sow uhere tliere is 
 water n., serito, ubi aqua p. slot, Cato 
 R. R. 151 . there is n. (close by the lake) 
 a cavern, est p. spelunca, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 
 48, 107, 3. jUXta V. CLOSE, HARD 
 
 BY. (N.B. - As in Eng. the above advv. 
 have often a hg. application : tf, Cic. FL 
 10, 2 ? , propi us accedo . nego esse ista 
 testinionia, Imme nearer to the point; 
 press it closer.) 'Jh lie n. : adesse, subesse, 
 imminere, instare(the two latter of what 
 is chse upon one): v. near at hand. 
 II, Within a little of : pr6p6, paenS: 
 V. nicarly. 
 
 near (P^ep) •• 1. prope (with ace • 
 most gen. term) : Caes. : Cic Less freq. 
 propier (with ace : Aeautm^ close prox- 
 imity) . the islands n. (off tlie coast of) 
 Sieily, insulae propter Siciliam.Cic. N.I) 
 J, 22, 55 . v. SIDE OF (by the). 2. 
 apud ( w i ih ace. : as near a place as may 
 well be ; nearly equal at) • to stay n. a 
 ton n, apud oppidum morari, Caes. B. G. 
 2, 7 : n. Mantinea, apud Mantineam, 
 Nep Epam. 9. 3. ad (with ace, esp. 
 of names of places, to denote the site 
 of a battle, etc.) . the naval battle of 
 'I'enedos, piigna navalis ad Tenedura, 
 Cic. Mur 15, /»!. . so, pugna od Trasi- 
 menum =; battle of TrasimeTie: Liv. 22, 
 
 7, init. 4. juxta (with ace); v. 
 
 CLOSE (adv.), HARD BY. 
 
 near (v) •• apprOpinquo, i : v. to 
 approach. 
 near at hand : propinquus (of 
 
 plaee or time) to prophesy a death to 
 be n., mortem p. denuntiare, Cic. Div. 
 I, JO, extr. : v. NEAR (adj. and adv.). 
 To be n. : (1). insto, stiti, i (to be very 
 n., close at hand): Varus v)as n. at 
 hand with his legions, instare Varum 
 cum legionibus, Caes. B. C. 2, 4} : ▼ 
 IMMINENT (to be). (2). ailsum, subsum : 
 V. HAND, AT (Jin.). (3). advento, ap- 
 peto (the latter esp. of time): v. TO 
 approach. 
 
 nearly ; I. within a little : L 
 propg • n. ninety years old, p. annos 
 nonagiLta natus, Cic. Verr. j, 25, 62 ; n. 
 done to death, p. funeratus, Hor. Od. j, 
 
 8, 7. Also sometimes, propemodo, pro- 
 pemodum ; when he had advanced n. vp 
 to the tvalls, quum propemodo muris 
 accessit, Liv. 24, 20, med.: Cic. (prope- 
 modum). 2. '^re, ferme (pretty 
 nearly ; near about) : serving to qualify 
 the exactness of an expr.) v. about 
 (B., II.). 3, paeng : v almost. To 
 signify that something had nearly hap- 
 pened, use baud multum abfuit qiiin ; 
 nihil propius factum est, quam ut. v. 
 NARROWLY, ||. Closely ; with ref. to 
 kindred : v. foil. art. 
 
 nearly-related : genere propinquus 
 Sail. Jug. 10, med. Join: propinquus 
 et necessarius, Cic. Mur. is, 75. Phr.: 
 to Ik (more or less) n. to any one, ali- 
 quem propinquitate contingere, Liv. 25, 
 8, init. i sanguine et genere contingere. 
 Liv. 45, 7, init.: by the mother's side he 
 was very n. to Pompey, a matre Pom- 
 peium artissimo contingebat gradu. Suet, 
 Aug. 4. See also related, relation. 
 
 nearness: I. Oi place: prSpin- 
 
 quitas ; Caes. ; Cic. ||. Of time : expr. 
 by verb or aiij. : on account of the n. oj 
 the elections, •comitiis appropinquan 
 tibas ; quia dies comitiomm appetebat:
 
 NEARSIGHTED 
 
 NECK 
 
 NEED 
 
 V. TO AhJ-KOACH (II.) ; NKAB AT HAND. 
 
 Ill Otkimlrcl: propirnjuitas Mv. 
 25, 8. init. IV. Ntgyaidlinas : niniia 
 parslmonia; sordes: v niguaukmskss, 
 
 MEANNKSS (111-)- 
 
 nearsighted ; myops, opis (Gr. 
 (iuu.i/() Gell. 4. 2, wkZ. , whire lusci- 
 tiosu3 is given us ilie pure Lat. term 
 but ace. to Ulp. Dig. 21, i, 10, lusclii- 
 08UB denottd someihing quite different 
 from myops (nani' ly = Gr. n/KTaAiui/*, 
 seeing by night belter t/iaii by day). Or 
 by circuml., *qui noiMiit>i proxime ob 
 oculos pnsita cernit. 
 
 nearsiKhtedness : *inyopia. 
 
 neat (««'«.).• I'hr: n. icUtle, ar- 
 menia, oruni Varr. K. R. 2, 5, ad init. 
 (gre.\ armfnlorura): Cic. (v. cattle): 
 also, bubulum peiu.s, Varr. I!. H. 2, i, 
 med. , b .irmentuni, Col. pref. ad I'm. : 
 n.'s f(X)t oil, oleum ♦ex ungulis Ijubulb 
 factum. 
 
 neat ("47-) ■ "barest words, 1. 
 com[itcis (birlctly of hiiir properly 
 dresaed : also in wider sense) vail.ers, 
 properly begirt and n., pruecincti recte 
 pueri c.que, Hor, S. 2, 8, 70: but the 
 word usu. carries with it the notion of 
 omamint. Join: iiiiidiis et comptus 
 [in diceiido], yuint. 10, i, 79 (wliere 
 elegance is indicated). 2. nil Idas 
 (^well-conditioneil i el'-gant. sprwe: also 
 a degree beyond the Eiig.) : neat (^dan- 
 dified) u-ith tveU<omb(d loclis, pexo 
 capillo nitidus, Cie. Cat. 2, 10, 22 : cf. 
 Hor. F2p. I, 7, 8j, where it is opp. to 
 rusticus (the irell-dressed cit and tlie 
 cUnim). 3. mundus (clean ; and so 
 elegant, smart) : cf. CIc. Fin. 2, 8, 1}, 
 where luxurious persims (asoli) are de- 
 scribed as, mundi, elegantes (choiie and 
 dainty in their mode of life): n. and 
 smart from the pumice of the Sosii (of a 
 book), Sosiorum pumice m., Hor. Ep. 
 
 1, 20. 2 (cf. Hor. Od. 1, 5, ;, simplex 
 munditiis; where the two words together 
 express in a poetical way the sense of 
 the Eiig.). 4. concinnva (it ell-adjusted, 
 in good taste) : v. elegant. 
 
 neatherd : armentanus (.tc. pastor) ; 
 Varr, 2, $,fin. (Bubulcus is the driver of 
 a ploughing team : v. Gesii. Lex. Kust. 
 
 8. V.) 
 
 neatly . 1. munde : PI. Poen. 5, 
 4, 8 (tanta copia venustatum. . .in suo 
 quaeque loco sita munde — neatly laid 
 out): Sen. The form munditer also 
 occurs, 1*1. Poen. i, 2, 2; • but the usual 
 meaning of the word is cleanly : cf. Sen. 
 Ep. 70, 17. 2. elggaiiter; v. ele- 
 
 Gantlv. (Hhide =: brightly, finely : v. 
 Smith's l^at iHct. s. v.) 3. concinne 
 (in good taste, becomingly) : PI. Epid. 2, 
 
 2, 40 (vestila, omata, ut lepide ! ut con- 
 cinne !) Concinniter, Gell. 18, 2, med. 
 (= ekgantly). 
 
 neatness ; 1. mundttia : Cic. Off. 
 I, ?6, i!o (^neat persimal habits). 
 (N.B.— In pl.=fiwry.) 2. P«-'rh. 
 
 concinnitas (neat, elegant adjustmeiit): 
 cf. Sen. Ep. 11;, ?. noii est virile orna- 
 mentum concinnitas (z^elegance, pretti- 
 ness). See also elegance. 
 
 nebula : *nebilla, quam astroDOmici 
 dicunt. 
 
 nebulous : nebulosus, callginosus : 
 V. FOGGY, Misn- 
 
 necessarian : *q"i omnia fatniem 
 habere ne<-essitatem pulat : v, fatal- 
 fciM ; and foil. art. 
 
 necessarianism: expr. by circuml.: 
 V. preced. art. Or peih., *opinio (s. 
 ratio) eorum qui necessariani appel- 
 "antur. 
 
 necessarily ; 1. necessg (with 
 
 verbs essi' nod habere) : whatever is 
 about to haipen he says must n. happen, 
 quicquid luturum est, id (licit fieri n. 
 esse, Cic. Fat. 7, I?: virtue must n. 
 despise and hale vice, virtus n. est 
 vitium aspemetur atque oderit, Cic. (in 
 Zumpl): V NECKSSAKY. 2. neces- 
 
 Barv>- Cic. Fam. 6, 10, fn.: Sail. Also 
 necessarie; Ctc. Lav. i, 29, 44 (n. de- 
 monstrare). 
 
 necessary (adj.): \. indi.<pens- 
 ably re(iuisite : 1, nScessarius . every- 
 thing n. to life, omnia quae ad vitam n. 
 
 sunt, Cic. Off. I, 4, init. 2 ngcesse. 
 itiiiecl. (with esse and habere) ■ buy not 
 what you want, but what is n., emas 
 noil quixl opus est, sed quod tL est, Calo 
 in .Sen. Ep. 94, 28 : 1 do not drem it n 
 to write. . ., (non) habco n. scnbere, Cic. 
 Alt. 10, I, extr. : neie^se est is also 
 li'sa freq.) foil, by siibj., Zuuipt L. (i 
 62?: cf. Sail. Jug. n.cul init., nec»*sse 
 est suoniet ipsi more praecipites earn, 
 i. e. all that is n. is that, etc. 3. 
 
 Opus, indecl. (need, ne.edful ; either with 
 abl. of thing needed; or as indecl. predi- 
 cate, the thing needed being nam): 
 liefore you Ixgin, deliberation is n., prius 
 quam incipias, coiisulto opus est, S.ill. 
 Cat. I, extr.: v. needful. ||, Inevit- 
 able: necessarius: if the first link in 
 the chain (of cause and efl'ect) is n., it 
 f-Moi'.'S. . ., si, quod primum in connexo 
 est, n. est, sequitur, etc., Cic. FaL 7, 14, 
 ei pass. : a v. cuwiusion, u. conclusio, 
 id. Top. 16, 60. Or expr. by Decease 
 
 V. Nr(:i--SSAKILY. 
 
 necessary (subs.): expr. by nfices- 
 sai ms : the n.s of life, quae ad vivendum 
 sunt necessaria, Cic. Off. 1,4, init.; may 
 also be expr. by, quae natura desi- 
 derat; (omnia) quae ad victum cultuin- 
 que i)ertinent, Cic. Off. 1,44, 158; quod 
 ad usum vitae pertiiiet, ib. }, 5, 22. 
 P h r. : b'l this means the army ivas 
 abundantly supplied with all n.s. quae 
 res oraiiiura rerum copia complevit ex- 
 ercitum, Caes. B.C. 2, 25, extr.: (barely) 
 to obtain the ns of life by manual 
 labour, manuimi mercede inopiam toler- 
 are, Sail. ('at. 57 : v. livelihood. 
 
 necessitarian \_ ^- necessabian. 
 
 necessitate : cogo, j : v. to comi-rl. 
 
 necessitous' egeiis, mis: v. des- 
 titute. 
 
 necessity: I. UnavoidabUness ; 
 impofsibdity of being otheriiise: 1, 
 ngcessitas: fatal n. (in phil. sense), fa- 
 talis n.. Cic. N. D. i, 20, 55 (cf. id. Fat. 
 pass.): to yield to n., u. parere, id. Fam. 
 4, 9: to impose on any one the n. if 
 dt/ing something, n. alicui afferre al'- 
 quid faciendi, id. Ph. 10, i, 2 ; n. im- 
 pnnere. Liv. 21, 44; n. iiijungere, Auct. 
 B. Alex. 44: laid under a n., necessi- 
 tate adductiis. Cues. B. G. 6, 12 ; vi ac n. 
 coactus, Cic. Quint. 16, 51 ; n. adstrictus, 
 id. N D. I, 7, extr. 2. I'fiLessitiido 
 (1> ss freq. in this sense than preced. in 
 Cic. only in the work, de Inv.) : to impose 
 a n. on any one, n. alicui imponere. Sail. 
 Cat. J?, extr.: facere, Tac. A. j, 64- cf. 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 57, sqq. 3. expr. by 
 necessfi, nScessarium : it is a n. for a 
 moi tal bodii to die at some time, corpus 
 mortale aliquo tempore perire n. est, 
 Cic. Inv, 2, 57. 170: V. necessary. 
 Phr. : to do a thing from n., coactum 
 [necessitate] abquid facere r v. compul- 
 sion. II. Want, pressing ciicum- 
 stance : \, figestas ■ v. want, des- 
 titution. Pro v.: n. the mother of 
 invention, ingeniosa rerum egestas, 
 Claud. (H. and A.). 2. ngcessilas: 
 on account of ones own n.s (pressing 
 circumstance!.), suarum n. causa, Ca^■^. 
 B. G. 7, 89 : Llv. 3. neces-situdo : 
 Sail. : V. NKKD. III. An indispensable 
 thing: *quid carere non possis; res 
 onmino necessaria : v. nf.cfS8*rv. |y 
 Jn .special sense, the n.s of nature : desi- 
 deria otiscaena; requisita naturae: v. 
 NATHRE (VII.). 
 
 neck: I. f>f an animal: 1. 
 collum the longness of the v.s (of 
 g'Cse), proceritas coUonim, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 47. I2J : to lay hold of any one by the n. 
 (esp. in anesting), alicui c. torquere, 
 Mv. 4, 5?, med.: so, obtorquere, I'l. 
 Poen. }, 5, 45 : to support on the n. and 
 shouldiers, c et cervicibus sustlnere. Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 42, init. (fig.) to fall upon 
 any one's n., alicui in colbmi liivadere, 
 id. Ph. 2. Ji. 77- 2. cervix, icis./. (the 
 nape or back of the n. ; the n. as u.^ed 
 in supporting burdens or exposed to the 
 executioner's tveapon : in gixnl authors, 
 usu. pi.): the n.s of oxen made for the 
 i/o/i-e, cervices boum ad jupum nutae, Cii . 
 N. 1). 2, 6?, i?9- to exyose one's n. to 
 the axe, cervices suas securi subjicere. 
 
 id. Ph. 2, 21, 51 . this fair, while n, 
 pulchra haec et Candida c, Juv. 10, 
 J4i. IHmin. cerviciiU (poor, 1 eak n.), 
 Cic. Verr. j. 9, 49 Quiiu. 3. tauo-», 
 mm,./'. (thro<it): to Imve hXi of any 
 one by the n., (alicui) t. preim-re, Cic 
 Verr. }, 76, 176 (fig.); t tenere, PI. 
 Cus. 5, }, 4. So guia to seize any ime 
 by the n. and drag him off. obtorta gulk 
 allqiiem abripen-, Cic. Verr. 4. 10, 24. 
 (N.B — The above cannot be used in 
 rueton. sense = life ; excepting cervix 
 ill ojiine.xion with seciiils, v. supr. 2. 
 In tills sense raiher caput : his n is in 
 danger, illius ciipitis res ugitur cf. Ter. 
 Ph. 4, }, 26) Phr. to Ijreak the n. of 
 an aji'air (all but settle it), profligarc : 
 esp. with ref to ware: cl. Cic. 1-am. i2, 
 5", bellum profligatum ac pat-ne sub- 
 latum. Join (rem) profligare et 
 paene ad exitum addua-r>-, id. I u-si-. ;, 
 6, li : a 7i. and n louce, •certamen par 
 et aequum ; certamen pariter ai-quatig, 
 ut aiimt, cervicibus toniectum : or espr. 
 by aequo marte: v. indkcisive. ||. 
 
 <f a vessel: 1. collum: Ihacdr. i, 
 ?6. 10 (c. lagenae): Plin. 2. cervix 
 
 (the outside of the n. 01 a vessel): I'elr. 
 ?4 (in cervicibus [amphorarum] pit- 
 tacia afiixa, labels attached to the n.s of 
 tfw. irine-jars) : Vilr. Dimin. (appy. 
 without strictly dimln. sense), \ iir. 10, 
 8(1?), 2. III. Of land: 1. angustiae, 
 arum (nhat^r is narrow): ((i.riith) 
 situated on a nanow n. of Itind. posila 
 in angiistiis [atque in faucibus] tirueciae, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, ?2, 87. 2. fauc 8 ium,/. 
 (like preced.): (I'otidaea) built just un 
 the n. of land vhich connects I'allrne 
 with the mainland of Macedonia, con- 
 dna in ipsis f. quae l'alUnens>m agrum 
 ceterae Macedoniae jungunt, Eiv. 44, 11, 
 init. (Not lingua, lingula [K. and A.], 
 which denote the projecting tongue or 
 spit : I.iv. I. c.) 
 neck-band )focale, is (in Rome, 
 neck-cloth ) "'"rn by sick persons 
 or fffeniniiite men): Hor. S. 2, i, 255: 
 yuiiii. II, i. 144. 
 
 necklace : 1. monile, is, n. (for 
 vomen or children): a n. of gold and 
 gems, m. ex auro et genmiis, Cic. Verr. 
 4, 18. ./in ; of beads, m. b.iccaiuiii, Virg. 
 Aen. 1,654: tonear a n.ofamberbeadt, 
 monilis vice sucina gestare, Plin. 57, 
 ;, II $ 44. 2. torquis or torques, 
 
 is, m., less freq. /. (worn as an honour- 
 able decoration by men; as by Gallic 
 chiefs: also, presented as a military 
 reward) ; to presr.nt any one with a 
 crown and n., aliquem corona et t. 
 donare, Cic. Verr. ?, 80, 185. Liv. • 
 t^uint. 3. nicetcrium (prize of vic- 
 tory) : Juv. J, 68. 
 
 necrology : v. onrrtiARY. 
 necromancer: neciomaniicus (laie 
 
 and rare): Isid. Or. 8,9, 11 (l.ind. ntrro- 
 niantii, nf/ni.irf.) Or expr by circuml., 
 *qui necromanlia utiiur; qui inferonim 
 anim:is (manes) elicere solet, cf Cic 
 Vut 6, 14. 
 
 necromancy: necrOmantTa: I act. 2, 
 16. init. : Isid. Or expr by circuml, 
 with manes elicere, etc.: v. preced. an. 
 
 nectar : nectar, ans, n. : as drir.k of 
 the gods, Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 6? : of any- 
 thing delicious ; as honey (llqiiidum 11), 
 Virg. G. 4, 164, 
 
 nectarean: nectareus: Ov. M. 7, 
 
 707 : .Mart. 
 
 nectarine: *amygd&lu8 P. rsica(in- 
 cliidiny jieaches and n.s): as a class ol 
 Iruiis. included under gen. term, Per^ica 
 mala, I'lin. i;, 12, 11. 
 
 need (sut>s.) : \ . iMck of any par- 
 ticular thing or things: 1. 6pu8. in- 
 decl. (as subs, with esse, foil, by abl. of 
 thing needed, as adj. used pre<licatively 
 afiefesse): ve haie n.ofa man nnd a 
 (loremor, viro et gubematon- opus est. 
 I.iv. 24, 8. med.: cl. Cic Fam. 2, 6. dux 
 nobis et aucior opus est (showing that 
 the two constrr. are preci-ely identical 
 in meaning): verj- oft. with a'-/. o\ pnrf. 
 part. : there is n of prompt action, 
 opus mature facto est. Sail. Cat. i. extr. 
 Less fnq with gen.: Liv. 22,51 med. 
 (ad consilium pensandum temporis opw 
 4<)?
 
 NEED 
 
 NEGLECT 
 
 NEGOTIATOR 
 
 eeee), etc. What n. is theiv., quid opus 
 est (with mf.)f Cic. Att 7, 8, init. 
 2. usus, us (with esse, venire; the 
 thing needed in abl. : infreq.) : the skips 
 which the consul had no n. of, naves 
 quibus consuli u. non essel, Liv. jo, 41, 
 fin. : PI. : Virg. : in case of n., si quando 
 o. esset, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92 (but Cic. does 
 not use the abl after usus). 3. expr. 
 by necesse, neces^arius (implying more 
 than need ; absolute indispensabkness^ ; 
 
 V. NECEBSABT. See also TO NEED. ||. 
 
 Reason or occasion for doing S(ymething ; 
 esp. in phr., there is no need, you have 
 no need to do ibis or that: there is no 
 n. for vie to sa.v u-hat I think about 
 him, de q\io quidi seiitiani nihil attinet 
 dicere, Cic. Fam. 4, 8, med. : you have 
 no n. to dread my coming, nihil est, 
 quod adventuni nostrum extimescas, id. 
 Fam. 9, 26, extr. : you had no n. to take 
 so much trouble, non fuit causa cur 
 tantum laborem caperes, id. R. Com. 16, 
 extr. Ill, State of indigence : 1. 
 ngcessitudo: those who were suffering 
 from the greatest n., quibus n. maxima, 
 Sail. Cat. 1"). 2. inSpia, egestas: v. 
 WANT, DESTITUTION. Tluise who are in n., 
 egentes: Cic. Am. 7, li: Ter. 
 
 need (:»■) •• 1. expr. by 6pus, in- 
 decl., either as subs, or arlj. : v. pieced, 
 art. (I.). 2. egeo, ui, 2 (with abl., less 
 freq. gen.) : whtn we do vot n. {require) 
 the eyes (in sleep), quum uculis non 
 egemiis, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 14? : to n. help, 
 auxilii e., Caes. B. G. 6, 11: to n. a 
 doctor, a keeper, mcdici, curatoris e., 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, 102. In same sense, in- 
 digeo, ui, 2 (usu. foil, by gen.; less 
 freq. by abl.) : I n. your counsel, tui 
 consilii indigeo, Cic. Att. i2, J5 : to n. 
 medicine, medicina ind., Nep. Att. 21. 
 med. 3. requiro, quislvi, itum, } {to 
 look for as needful ; to require): Caes.: 
 Cic: V. TO REyuiRE. 4. sometimes 
 expr. by gen. with verb esse (gen. of 
 quality or description) : the work n.s 
 great industry and perseverance, magni 
 opus est laburis; magnae perseverantiae: 
 cf. L. G. } 274. Phr.: you n. not {do 
 this or that), non est quod, nihil est 
 quod. . . : v. preced. art. (II.)- 
 
 needful : 1. ^pus, indecl. adj. 
 (not used attributively): everything n., 
 omnia quae opus sunt, Cato R. R. 14, 
 init. : what is n.to be done, quid facto 
 opus sit, Sail. Cat. 46 (quid adverbial) : 
 V. NEKD. 2. neces^arius {indispens- 
 ably n.) : v. NECESSABr. 
 
 neettiness: ngcessitudo, ggestas: v. 
 
 NEED (III.). 
 
 needing (.adj-) • 1. Sgens, indi- 
 gens (former with abl. or gen. ; latter 
 usu. with gen.): v. to nf.ed (2). 2. 
 egenus (in want q/"; withj/en.); n.Qack- 
 ing) everything, omnium e. Liv. 9, 6. 
 
 needle : acus, us, / .- Cic. : Virg. : 
 the eye of a n., acus foramen, Vulg. 
 Matt. xix. 24. The magnetic n., *acus 
 (aculeus) magnctitus qui dicilur: toform 
 in n.s {of crystallization), *quasi aculeos 
 agere {?). 
 
 needle-maker: acuarius: Inscr. 
 
 needle-woman : 'quae acu ac lino 
 victum quaeritat (cf. Ter. Andr. i, i, 
 48, lana ac tela victum quaeritans). 
 
 needle-work : opu» acu factum (cf. 
 
 phr. acu pingere, to embroider: Ov. M. 
 
 6, 2?: V. TO embroideb). To be busy 
 with n., *acui linoque operara dare. 
 
 needless : minime necessarius : v. 
 TINNECESSABY. Phr.: it is n. J or me 
 to. ..,nil atiinet ut... : v. kekd, subs. 
 (U.). 
 
 needlessly : sme causa : v. UNNECES- 
 SARILY. 
 
 needlessneSS : expr. by circuml.: 
 he showed the n. of Vieir alarm, *demon- 
 Btravit quam nulla causa esset cur per- 
 timescereut: v. need (II.). 
 
 needs iadv.) : nScesse : v. neces- 
 sarily. 
 
 needy : 1. egens, ntis ; Cic. Am. 
 
 7, 2J ■ Ter. 2. indigens, ntis : to do 
 kindness to the n., indigentibus benigne 
 facere, Cic. Off 2, 15.52- 3. inops, 
 6pis (rarely in absol. sense) : v. DESTI- 
 TUTE. (Not egenu8 in this sense.) 
 
 496 
 
 nefarious : nefarius, nefandus, etc. ; 
 
 v. WICKKU. 
 
 nefariously ; ngfarie ; v. wickedly. 
 nefariousness : expr. by adj.: v, 
 
 NEFABIonS. 
 
 negation : nggatlo, inf Itiatlo (act of 
 denying): Cic. Join: negatio infltia- 
 tioque [facli], id. Part. 29, io2. See 
 
 also NEGATIVE. 
 
 negative (a<y) •• \. Denying: 1. 
 negans: there are certain n. {words), 
 sunt quaedam n., Cic. Top. 11, 49. 2. 
 negativus! n. words, n. verba, Cai. Dig. 
 50, 16, 2J7 ; o n. particle, n. particula, 
 Apul. 3 prlvans (= Gk. o-tcptjtikos' 
 privative : as in- in indoctus) : Cic. Top. 
 II, 48. 4. privativus (=1: preced.) ; 
 ne is a n. particle, ne particula priva- 
 tiva est, Gell. ij, 22, extr. ||. Im- 
 plying absence of a quality; opp. to 
 positive : expr. by circuml. : virtue is 
 not a mere n. quality, 'non satis est 
 ad virtutem ut vitiis careas, liber sis. 
 Phr.: an. character, rather void of 
 vice than possessed of virtue, ingenium 
 medium niagis sine vitiis quam cum 
 virtutibus, Tac. H. i, 49. 
 
 negative (*"''«•) •" Pbr. : to answer 
 in the n., negare: to maintain the n., 
 negare ; contendere rem non ita se 
 habere (v. to deny', maintaim): to meet 
 a chargt u-ith a distinct n.. facti nega- 
 tionem infitiationemque accusatori op- 
 ponere, cf. Cic. Part. 29. 
 
 negative (v) ; i- e. to reject by vote 
 or veto; 1. antique, i (lit. to prefer 
 
 the old; hence, to disapprove any gicen 
 measure: legal term): to n. a laxv or 
 biU, legem, rogationem a., Cic. Off. 2, ii, 
 7}. 2. intercede, ssi, ssuni, } {to stop 
 proceedings ; interpose a veto : with 
 dot.) : to n. a bill (said of the Tribunes), 
 rogationi int., Cic. de Or. 2, 47, extr. : 
 Liv. Join: antiquare atque abrogare, 
 Liv. 22, }o (but abrogare implies that a 
 law has actually been passed). 
 
 negatively: I. H'"' cknial: 
 expr. by nggo, infitior, i ; v. to deny. 
 II. By the absence of something ; 
 opp. to positively : v. negativb (II.). 
 
 neglect ("•)•■ 1. negligo, exi, 
 
 ctum, 5 (to be careless about, and fail to 
 attend to) : to n. one's private affairs, 
 rem familiarem n., Cic. Sen. 7, 22 : less 
 freq. foil, by infin. : he n.'d to attend 
 on the day notified, diem edicti obire 
 neglexit, id. Ph. j, 8, 20. 2. praeter- 
 mitto, misi, ssum, } {to let slip, pass 
 by) : to n. {leave undone) no duty, nul- 
 lum offioium pr., Cic. Fam. i, 8, init. : 
 V. TO OMIT. 3. desum, irr. {to be 
 
 wanting in attention to : with dat.) : 
 he does not n. his duti/, non deest oflBcio, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 41 : Cic. (S.B.— In this 
 sense deesse is usu. attended by a 
 negative : as, neque amicis neque alieni- 
 oribus deesse, Cic. Fam. i, 9 ; vide, ne 
 tibi desis, id. R. Am. j6, 104, etc.) 4. 
 relinquo, j (usu. to leave or neglect one 
 thing to attend to another) : v. to 
 ABANDON. 5. desgro, ui, rtum, j (a 
 strong expr.) : to n. {be guilty of dere- 
 liction of) duty, oflficium d., Cic. Off. i, 
 9, init. Phr.: totally n.ing one's per- 
 son, incultus, horridus. Or. m Sen. 6, u: 
 cf. Plin. Ep. I, 10, 7, nuUus horror in 
 cultu, i. e. he nowise n.'d his personal 
 appearance. 
 
 neglect {subs.) : l. incuria (ab- 
 sence of due care and pains) : {soldiers) 
 cut off by n., lack of food, disease, inc., 
 fame, morbo consumpli, Cic. Prov. Cons. 
 }, init. : long-continued n. {of the per- 
 son), diutina inc., Apul. 2. negli- 
 gentia {carelessness about anything ; 
 whetlier in a single instance <«• habi- 
 tual): 11. of the ceremonies and auspices 
 (i. e. disregard of them), n. caeremo- 
 niarum auspiciorumque, Liv. 22, 9, med. : 
 Cic. : V. NEGLIGENCE. 3. neglectio 
 {act of neglecting : v. rare): n. of friends, 
 n. aniicorum, Cic. Mur. 4, 9. 4. indili- 
 gentia, careless7iess, as causing neglect) : 
 Cic. (Oftener expr. by verb : to be 
 guilty of n. of duty, offlcium praeter- 
 mittere, negligere, etc. : v. to neglect.) 
 Neglect of a {former) favourite by his 
 patron, frigus : Hor. Sat. 2, i, 62 : Suet. • 
 
 n. of the person (sometimes), horror 
 Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 7. 
 
 neglectful : neglTgens n. of m>e'( 
 friend.s, n. araicorum, Cic. Verr. j, 62, 
 14} : or with prep., n. towards any one, 
 n. in aliquem, Cic. Fam. i ;, i, fin. : also 
 with circa. Suet. Tib. 69 (circa deos ar 
 religiones negligentior). 
 
 negligence: 1. negtlgentia (ct 
 neglect, subs. 2) boorish n. {in attire), 
 agrestis [et inhumana] n., Cic. Off. i, j6, 
 I JO. Join: negligentia, pigritia, in-' 
 ertia, Cic. Off. i, 9, 28. 2. incOria' 
 V neglect, subs. (1). (N.B. — In such 
 exprr. £is, what n. uas that.' use gen., 
 *quantae sunt haec negligentiae : quam 
 turpis incuriae !) 
 
 negligent : 1. negllgens, ntis {not 
 troubling oneself) . either absol. or with 
 gen.): v. neglectful, cabeless. So, 
 to be n. of., negUgere : v. to neglect. 
 Also in pass, sense ; n. attire, n. amic- 
 tus, Quint. II, }, 147. 2. dissolutus 
 {lacking vigour and strennousness : cf. 
 Cic. Cat. 1, 2 4, cupio in tantis reip. p<>ri- 
 culis me non d. videri {remiss, lax, 
 negligent): n. about one's property, d. 
 in re familiari, id. Quint. 1 1, }8. Join; 
 negligens ac dissolutus, id. Verr. }, 69, 
 162. 3. iridUigons {not using due care 
 and pains): Caes. B. G. 7, 71: Gell. 
 4. remissus {remiss, slack, lacking 
 energy) : opp. to agilis gnavusque, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 18,90: Cic. (Incuriosus = /ieed- 
 less of, indifferent to.) Phr.: n. of per- 
 sonal appearance, cultu corporis parum 
 accurate, cf. Gell. i, 5, init.: totally so, 
 corpore nimis inculto atque horrido (v. 
 TO neglect, fin.) ; to tie utterly n. of 
 duty, *omnem officii curam penilus ab- 
 jicere atque speniere. 
 
 negligently : 1. negligenter : Cic. : 
 Tac. 2. dissoliite . Cic. (For syn, 
 V. negligent.) See also cabelessly. 
 
 negotiate : 1. ago, egi, actum, ? 
 {to treat about anything): to n. with 
 any one respecting anything, de aliqua 
 re cum aliquo a., Caes. B. G. I, 47, init. .- 
 so in pass , the points they had begun to 
 n. about, quae res inter eos agi coepia- 
 erant, ib. : Cic: to expr. the absolute 
 use of Eng., use de pace (de pacis condi- 
 tionibus) a., cf. Liv. 50, li,jin. (revoairi 
 C. Laelium placuit, ut coram eo de paic 
 ageretur). 2. coUSquor, locutus, j 
 {to have an interview, confer : not d»- 
 noting formal treaty) : cf. Liv. jo, 29, 
 med., nuntium ad Scipienem misil, ut 
 colloquendi secum potestatem faceret 
 {would grant him an znteroieiv , at 
 u-hich negotiations might take place) : 
 also, Caes. B. G. i, 4?, Ariovistus ex 
 equis ut coUoqueretur pestulavit. (Not 
 conciliare pacem ; which is to bring 
 about a peace.) See also foil. art. Phr.. 
 they sent ambassadors to n. concerning 
 peace, legates de pace mittunt, Liv. 2, »8, 
 fin. 
 
 negotiation: 1. expr. by ago 
 egi, actum, j n.s for peace were carried 
 on, de pace actum est, Liv. 2, 18, fin. : 
 cf. preced. art. (1). 2. colloquium (an 
 interview, for the purpose ofn.): he did 
 not wish the {interview for) n. to be 
 prevented on any pretext, neque collo- 
 quium interposita causa telli volebat, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 42, sqq. : to break off the 
 n.s, c. diriraere, ib. 46 ; to settle disputes 
 by n., coutroversias per colloquia com- 
 ponere. id. B. C. i, 9, extr. (Here col- 
 loquia implies less formality than con- 
 diliones : v. iiilr.) : Liv. : v. conference. 
 3. conditio (ant/ stipulation ; esp 
 for peace) : Caj'sar did not decline n. 
 non respuit c Caesar, Caes. B. G. i, 42 : 
 to settle {anything) by n.s, conditionibus 
 disceptare, Cic. Alt. 8, 11, extr.: to lose 
 time in n.s. tempus perferendis tract- 
 audisque londitionibus perdere (Kr.). 
 conditiones paclionesque bel- 
 
 licae, Cic. ( >tf . j, 20, fin. 4. pactio ; 
 V. stipulation. Phr.. the ambassador* 
 
 Join : 
 
 J, 29, fin 
 .Phr.. 
 
 tcere dismissed and n.s broken off, legati 
 pace infecta dimissi, Liv. jo, 2}, extr. 
 
 negotiator: 1. legatus(ani/€nDoj/ 
 or d<7ntt//) : V. ambassador. 2. cator 
 {^p)kesman) : Fabricius vas sent oj n. 
 to fyrrhus, concerning the prisoner*
 
 NEGRESS 
 
 NERVOUS I. Y 
 
 NET-WORK 
 
 F. ad Fyrrhum de captivls missus o., Cic. 
 Br. 14 ; Cues. : Mv. 3. concilialor {one 
 u'homanages and brings about) : cf. Nep. 
 Att. 12, c. miptiarum {malcli-maker). 
 4. inteniuiitius {go-betueen, viessen- 
 ger betueen two parties): cf. Nep. Ale. 
 5, per Intemuntios ciini allquo coUoqui. 
 
 negreSS : Aethio()is8a : Hicr. 
 
 negro : Aethiops. 5pis: Liv. : Plin. 
 
 negus ; Vmum calidutn (wine uudi- 
 lutol Ijtiiit; merum) : v. wink. 
 
 neigh (''•) ■■ lilnnio, 4 : Lucr. : Quint. 
 To n. at, adlilnnio, 4 (with Jae.) ; Ov. 
 Rem. Am. 6J4. 
 
 neigh, neighing (suts.) .- hinmtus, 
 
 us : lie. IHv. I , ! {, 1 > • to strike up a n., 
 h. tolk-rc. Hor. OJ. 2, 16. J4. 
 
 neighbour: I. (»ie living near : 
 1. viciiius;/. -a: your next-door 11., 
 V. pro.ximus iiiiis, I'l. Merc. 2, 4, 7: Cic. 
 Att. 2, 14 : a good n., bonus v., Hor. Kp. 
 2, 2, 1 J2 : Cic. Join: tinitinii ac vicini, 
 Cic. Sull. 20, 58. 2. finltimus (usu. 
 on a large scale, of nations and tribes 
 that are adjacent to eacli other): to trage 
 wars icith n.s, bclla cum finitimis gerere, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 9: V. NKIiillBOLKlN(;. Also, 
 in narrower sense, with vicinus : v. supr. 
 (')• 3. proxinms (i-ery near neigh- 
 hour) : esp. with vicin\is : v. supr. ( 1 ) : 
 tKe Belyae are very near n.s to the 
 Germans, Belxae p. sunt Gallis, Caes. 
 B. G. 1, I. (N.B.— Propinqui are rela- 
 tives: V. Cic. Off. I, 17.) 4. one's 
 rteighbours, collectively, vicinitas : Cato 
 R. K. 4 (si te libenter v. videbit) ; or, 
 Ticinia: Hor. S. 2, ;, 106. ||. Any 
 other person, brought into relation uith 
 one: alter: to do nothing for the sake of 
 one's n., nihil allerius causa facere, Cic. 
 Leg. I, 14, 41 : ri. Also sometimes 
 bomo : a man ought nut to be a stranger 
 to his n. (feUout-man), (iportet hominem 
 ab bomine non es^e alienura, Cic. Kin. j, 
 19, 6j : cf. Ter. Heaut. i, I, 25. where 
 fauraani ii\l=^nothi>ig that cmuenis my 
 n. ; to attend to mx's n.'s affairs, alienas 
 res curare : v. to mind. 
 
 neighbourhood: 1. vicinitas: in 
 Umbria ami that «., in Umbna atque in 
 ea v., Cic. 11. Am. 16. fin. : also, inclu- 
 sive of the people : an. before disturbed, 
 v. aniea sollicitata, Sail. Cat. j6, init. 
 2. vicinia (= preced.) : in my n.. 
 In nostra v., Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, J7 : she 
 moved to this n., commigravit hue vi- 
 dniae, i'er. Andr. i, l, 4 J : so, in this n., 
 hie viciniae, id. Ph. i, 2. 45. 3. expr. 
 by prCpinquus: esp. in phr., in the n., 
 in propinquo, Liv. 24, J8, extr. : from 
 {being in) the n., ex propinquo, id. 25. 
 U. aid fin. : to collect com from the n., 
 ex p. locis frumentum convehere, ib. 
 ad init. So, adv. prope {in the »/.) ; 
 somewhere in the n., prope alicubi, Ter. 
 Ad. J, 4. 7. 4. expr. by vidnus 
 (mostly late) : in the n. of the earth (of 
 Btars), in vicino terrae, Plin. 2, 16, ij 
 5 68 from the n. of Africa, ex vicino 
 Afrieae. Col. : to reach Vie n. of Syria, 
 in Syriae vicina pervenire, PUri. 16, il, 
 S<) to be ill the n., adesse : v. near. 
 
 neighbouring (,adj-) ■■ 1. vicinus 
 
 (esp. of vhat is quite close at hand) : 
 a n. tavern, v. taberna, Hor. Kp. i, 14, 
 24 : «. cities, v. urbes, id. A. P. 66 : Liv. 
 2. finitlmus {bonUring on : esp. 
 of states ami coindries) : the n.province, 
 f. provincia, Caes. B. G. }, J, fin. : v. 
 BORDEKiNO, adj. 3. piopinquus (in 
 jnost gen. sense) : n. places, p. loca, Liv. 
 2$, I i, ad init. : Cic. Join: propinquae 
 flnitimatquo [provinciae], Cic. Ph. ii. 
 U, J4 : V, NF.AR. 4. continis. e (luiving 
 acommmi frontier) : inroads wen: made 
 upon the n. territory, e.Ncursiones in c. 
 agrum factae sunt, Liv. 4, 29, med. : 
 
 CSeS. : V. CONTLRMISOUS. 
 
 neighbourly: quod vicinum decet, 
 tequum est lacere : v. neighbour. 
 
 neighing (subs.') .- hlnnitus, Qs : ▼. 
 KEiGii, subs. 
 
 neither {pron. adj.): neuter, tra, 
 trum : 71. (;/ Wic HI (Caesar and Pompey), 
 n. illonun, Cic. Att. 7, 1, mat. : in pi. 
 with rcf. to two parties of men .- tlie 
 Opinum of n. side is altogether to be d«- 
 Vpiscd, neutrorum otmiiuo coutemneuda 
 
 est sententia, id. Off. i, 21, init. To n. 
 side, in n. direction, neutro : hope in- 
 clining n. nay, neutro intlinata spe, 
 Liv. 5, 26. fin. : in n. place, neutribi 
 (rare), Pi. Aul. 2, 2, 56. Ph r. : to take 
 n. side {in a dispute), medium se gerere, 
 
 Liv. 2, 27, med. : v. NEUTRAL. 
 
 neither {cnj.): 1. neque (nee) 
 .... net {neither .... wn-): v. L. G. ^^ 
 
 ;68, 569. 2. ne^e (neu) neve 
 
 ( = ut neque neque) : (to denote 
 
 a purpose or command) : to arrange 
 vords in such a nay that their juxta- 
 position may n. be harsh nor cause 
 hiatus, componere verba sic, ut neve 
 aspcr eorum concursus sit. neve hiulcus, 
 Cic. deOr. J, 4?, 171 : cf. Cic. I.,eg. 2, 27, 
 67, earn (terram) ne quis nobis minuat, 
 nece vlvus, neve mortuus, n. alive nor 
 dead. Also neu neu, without ante- 
 cedent ut or ne: cf. Caes. B. W. 7, 14, /in., 
 opplda incendl .... neu suis sint ad de- 
 traetandam militiain reci-ptacula, neu 
 
 neither harlymiring-places nor. 
 
 See also L. <}. } 564. 
 
 neological : spe foil. art. 
 
 neology : *neolopla. quae fertur ; 
 perversa novorum doinnatum cupidiUis. 
 
 neoohyte: neophytus, /. -a (late): 
 Ten. (\fho uses the term of tlie newly 
 tHxptized). In wider sense, lire, onis, m. : 
 
 v. XOVRE. 
 
 nepenthe : nepenthi^s. n. indecl. (Gr. 
 n)7rti9«) : Plin. 21, 21, 91 {an unkniAim 
 plant). 
 
 nephew : fratris or sororis filius (as 
 the ca.se maybe): Gai. hip. J8, 10. i 
 } 5 : Cic Clu. 7, 21 : Liv. So, great-n., 
 fratris or sororis nepo.s Dig. 1. e. ^ 6. 
 Also nepos appears sometimes to be 
 used in this .sense : cf. Inser. in P'orcell., 
 avunculus nepoti bene merentl, i. e. an 
 uncle to his treli-di serving nephew: Hier. 
 (but ace. to Foicell. only in late Latin). 
 Kr. gives, nepcis e.\ fraire, ex sorore, on 
 the (alleged) authority of Tae. ; but (.') 
 (It is expressly noted in liig., that there 
 was no special term for nephevj or niece : 
 ib. j8, 10, 10 J 14.) 
 
 nephritic: rCnalis, e: Coel. Aur. 
 
 nepotism : 'nepotismus qui apud 
 nostratps dicitur. Usu. better expr. by 
 circnnil., given to n., *qui suos neces- 
 sarios (semet proguatos) plus aequo 
 bonoribus auset. 
 
 nereid : Nereis, idls,/..- Virg.: Tib. 
 
 nerve {subs.) : |. Organ of sensa- 
 tion : no known word ; f^ir nervus = 
 sineiv (if. Cels. 8, i, nervi quos rt- 
 TOi'Tas Graeci appellant) : in modern 
 med. Lat. nervus is used for both 
 sinew and nerve : see Hooper's Med. 
 Diet. s. V. II. Metan., strength, vigour : 
 nervi, orum (lit., sinews) : to strain 
 every n. over a thing, in aliqua re 
 omnes n. [indnstriae suae] contendere, 
 Cic. V'err. Act. I, 12, }$: specially of 
 energy of style, Cic. Or. 19, 62 (horum 
 oratio neque nervos neque aculeos 
 oratorios atque forenses habct) : v. 
 STRENGTH, VIGOUR. Dimin., nervuli, 
 orum: Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, extr., si ner- 
 vulos tuos .... adhibebis, strain a n. ; 
 put forth a little of your strength. 
 
 nervousj I. ■'^"'^ »/ sinewy vi- 
 gour: nervosus : Cic. Br. ji,,/in. (quis 
 Aristotele nervosior ?) : or expr. by 
 nervi, orum : v. nerve (1L). ||, 
 llaiHng much 7>ervous suseeptibility : 
 Phr.: to feel extremely n. and shaky, 
 tola mente atque omnibus artubus con- 
 tremiscere, Cie. de Or. i, 26, 121 : in 
 sini. sense, trepidaro {to be in an agitated 
 state): cf. Pi. Cas. 2, 7, 9, ut ille tre- 
 pidabat, ut festinalmt miser ! (v. to 
 tremble; AGiTATEi)) : of a n, tem- 
 perament, *lngenio nlmis trepido atque 
 anxio : qui f.irilius quam opus est 
 aninio commoveri el trepidare solet. 
 
 nervously : I. . ^" <"■ vigorous 
 
 manner: nervose : Cie. Or. 56, 127. 
 II. With nervous exritohleness : 
 perh. trepide. anxie, tTmide : cf. Suet. 
 Ner. 2J, trepide anxieque certare : v. 
 preced. an. (11). To look n. around, 
 trepidus circunispectare omnia atcae 
 haesitare (ef. Cie. Tusc. i, }o, 7J, 
 dubitans, circumspectans, baesitans). 
 2K 
 
 nervousness: I. vigour of style . 
 
 nervi, orum : v. nerve (11.). \\, Over 
 sensibility • 'aniiLus iiimis trepldue 
 anxiusque ; qualis eorum solet esse qui 
 nervorum iremore laborant. 
 
 nest : {.Lit.: 1. nidus • tr build 
 n.s, fingere et conslruere n., Cic. de Or. 
 2, 6, 2} : also, n. texen-. (juint. 2, 16, 16; 
 n. facere, Ov M. 8, 257; n. ponere, llor. 
 Od. 4, 12, 5 : to take a n., •nldum au- 
 ferre. Fig.: to keep to ones n., n. 
 servare, Hor. Kp. 1, 10, 6. iJimin., 
 nidulus (a little n.) : Cic. de Or. i, 44, 
 196 (fig. of Jtleaca). To build a n., 
 nidifico, i: Col. 8, 15, med.: Plin.: to 
 make n.s of mud, of sea-wetd. luto, ex 
 alga nidificare. Plin. 2. nidamentuni 
 (v. rare) : used by Am. of the n.s if 
 moths, etc. : Adv. Gent. 6. 16, p. 202. 
 Phr.: to find a mare's n., "ova equina, 
 ut aiunt, Invenlre: vel, qnod fere idem 
 est, lac gallinaceum nperlie (as we say. 
 pigeon's milk). ||, y \ g, a harbour- 
 ing place : reeeptiiciilum : cf. Cic. Wrr. 
 5. 2J, ;9,oppidum recipiaculura praedae. 
 also id. In I'is. 5. -i, arx civium per- 
 ditorum, receptaciilnm veierum Ci'i- 
 linae militum : v. rktkeat. in same 
 sense, receptor, /. -trix (as epith. of a 
 place) : that n. of robbers, ille lutronum 
 occultator et receptor locus, id. Mil. 19, 
 
 50: id. Verr. 4, 8, 17 (Mess-ina 
 
 praedarum ac lurtorum receptrix, i. e. 
 your robber's-nest). 
 
 nest-egg : l' h r. : to leave a little 
 mftney for a n., *ali.iuantnlum iHcuniae 
 in area (quemadmodum gallinis parlen- 
 tibus in nido ovum unicum) in spem 
 rclinquere. 
 
 nestle: I'hr. : the babe n.s in its 
 mother's bnsojn, in greniio[aniplexuque] 
 matris haeret iniaiis pu<-r, el. Ov. M. 7, 
 66; *arclius se ad malris complrxus 
 applicat ; altius sese matris in sinum 
 cundit. (In grenno sedere or esse [R. 
 and A.] simply ^ to lie in the lap ) 
 
 nestling {subs.) .- usu. in pi., nidi 
 (meton., and poet.) : chattering nj, 
 loquaees nidi, Virg. Aen. 12, 47;: so, 
 dulees n., ib. G. i, 41;. In more gen. 
 sense, pulli {young ones): Cic. 
 
 net {subs.) : 1. rete, is, ;j. (most 
 gen. term) : to set n.s for deer, retia 
 ponere eervis, Virg. G. i, jot ; lendere, 
 Ov. M. 7, 701 : Prop. : Cic. Iiimin., 
 reticulum (usu. that vhicli is made 
 of net) : v. net-work. 2. P'aga {for 
 hunting) : to set a n., p. teiidcre, ponere, 
 Cie. Off. }, 17, 58: to drive into the n.s, 
 in plagas conjiccre, id. Fam. 12. 25 (rtg.): 
 Hor.: Ov. . V. MESH 3. fveiriciilum 
 (less correctly, verriculuni, Val. .Max. : 
 a drag-net) : to land a haul 'f fish uitk 
 the d., pisces everriculo in litu.s cducere, 
 Varr. R. R. j, 17, med. : Ulp. l>ig. Also 
 called funda (poet): Virg. G. !, 141. 
 4. casses, ium, /. (hunting-nets, 
 "toils;" poet.: sing. v. rare): Virg. G. 
 }, J71: Ov. (same constr. as preced.) 
 For tig. sense, v snare. 
 
 net (a*'JO •■ P '' '• • ^ make just so 
 jftucA n. profit, *tantundem e\ aliqua 
 re facere lucri, ut de suinina omnes 
 detrahantur impensae. See also to gain. 
 net ('')■• I. '/'o nuike net-nork: 
 te.xo, ui, xtum, '? : Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 
 init. II. To catch u-ith a net: reti 
 .«. plagis capere : v. to catch. See 
 also NET {subs.). 
 
 nether : infirinr : V. LOWF.B. 
 nethermost: infinius.imus: v. low. 
 netted: relicuirnus: v. net- work. 
 nettle {subs.) : urtica : stinging n. 
 urtica mordax : cf. Plin. 21. 15- 55 i^'l- 
 vestris quae dicitur auiina, caule ^i(i«;i/e 
 mordaci) : Hor t'ead n., iamiuiii : 
 Plin. I.e. (quae iniioxia esi, niorsu carin.s. 
 lamium ap[K>llatur) : cf. id. 22. I4, 10 
 (uniai niitissiina et lollis non mor- 
 dontibus). 
 
 nettle ('• ) • pefb. iiro, ssi. stum, j 
 cf. I'er. Eun. 2, 2. 4? ("" hominem, 
 / gall, tcoiry, nettle the fellow). To be 
 n.d. stoniaihari, molesle ferre : Cic. 
 Join: stoniachari et moleste ferre. Cic. 
 
 Fam. M. 16 V. TO OFFEND, ANGRT(be). 
 
 net-work : 1. ^^^ '^^ reticulum ; 
 Varr. K. li. ;,' 5. a<i >»• 2. retlcS 
 497
 
 N E U T K K 
 
 NEXT 
 
 NICE 
 
 litnm opus cf. Varr. R. R. j, •;, ad init. 
 reticularae fenestrae, i. e. u-indous uith 
 n^-tarrk over Ihem : Vitr. 
 
 neuter (a'lj) •■ as gram. t. t., neuter, 
 tra, ttuin Lie. Or. 46, 156 (mutra^n. 
 xu6sia«<ives); Cbarib : J'risc. LeSb freq. 
 neutralis, e ; Quint, i, 5, 54. See also 
 foil. an. 
 
 neutral; 1. mfdins- to act an. 
 part, m. se gerere, Liv. 2, 21, ad med. : 
 Cic. a V. cliaracter (neither good nor 
 bad), n. ingeniuni, Tac. H i, 49. 2. 
 expr. by neuter, tra. trum to remain n., 
 neutri parti ^ese conjuiigere, Liv. 55,48, 
 med. ; *a neutra paiti: esse or stare. 
 Join medius et nrutnus partis. 8uet. 
 Caes. T5 ; medius ac neutram partem 
 sequens, id. Ner. 2, ^tr. Also = inter- 
 vuidiat'', Cic. Div. 2, 4, imt. (quid bonuni, 
 quid malum, quid neulrum). (N.B. — In- 
 stead of neuier. CiC. has non alleruter ■ 
 Alt. 10. 1. Solon. . .capite san.xit, si qui 
 in seditione non alterius utrius partis 
 fuisset, i. e. remained neutral : and, 
 uhae more than ti'O parties aie thowjht 
 of, nuUius panis, Fimi. 10, }i, ad init.) 
 Ph r. to remain n. (quiescere, Cic. Sen. 
 
 4, II (coliega quiesct-nte) tnto bello 
 abesse et neutris auxilia niitttre (with 
 ref. to belliyerents), Caes. B. G. 7, 63. 
 
 neutrality : P h r. to observe a 
 strict 71., tuto bello abesse, etc. ■ v. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 neutralize : perh. aequo, I (to coun- 
 terbalance)- cf. Liv.21.4, /t?(.,basiantas 
 viri \ir'.utes ingentia vitia aequabant : 
 or, compenso, I . v. to compensatk. 
 
 never : nunquam or non unquam ; 
 after verbs of striving, advising, etc_, 
 ne unquam also with everi, either, ne 
 .... quidem unquam : if it n. cotiies 
 into being, it ^i.p'i-ishes either, si nun- 
 quam oiuur, lie occlditquidem unquam, 
 Cic. Kep. 6, 25 : this In. said (emphasis 
 on never), non hoc unquam dixi, Quint. 
 
 6, }, 74 : Virg. : / eai-nestly wivise ijou 
 T. to trust that mati, *niagnopere te 
 hortor ne unquam illi homini contidas: 
 
 T. TO ADVISE, STRIVE, etC. (N.B. — I'O 
 
 express and never, use nee unquam 
 rather than et nunquam ; and to express 
 
 never anybody, anything, use nemo 
 
 DuUus [nihil] imquam : cf Cic. Cat. 5,7, 
 uctr,, neque nos uiiquam liberassemus : 
 ei paulo ante, ut nullum furtum unquam 
 sii tarn palam inventum, never uas any 
 deception, et'.) P h r. : never so. . . (w ith 
 adj.), quamvis (in best authors with 
 siibj.) be the expeitation n. so high, 
 you toill surpass it. quamvis sit magna 
 exspectatio, tamen earn vinces, Cic. 
 Rep. 1,2}: V. HOWEVER (a4j.). 
 
 never-more: non(ne)postbac; nun- 
 quam postliac : cf Hor. S. 2, J, 297. 
 
 nevertheless ; 1, nihiiominus 
 or as two words (all the same as if some- 
 thing were not as it is): n. (m spite of 
 that) they might treat, nihilo mimis 
 tamen agi posse, Caes. B. G. ?, 17 : Cic. 
 Also nilnlo si^cius: strengthened l«y 
 tamen ; nihilo tamm secius, Caes. B. G. 
 
 5, 4. 2. attamen, veruntamen, sed 
 tamen (but yet, however) : n. your pur- 
 chases ivill be acceptable to me. attamen 
 quae emisti graia niihi erunt, Cic. Fam. 
 
 7, 2?, init. : 'leonienes loved her; n. lie 
 did not dare. . ., banc C. amabat, verun- 
 tamen (non) audebat..., Cic. Verr. 5, 
 }it82- Ov. (al-o written verum tamen). 
 though he sail .. ,, n. he did not think 
 .... etsi videbat. ., tamen non put- 
 abat . . ., Caes. B. G. i, 46 : it is a diffi- 
 cult task ; n. I tvill try, diflRcile factu 
 est ; sed conabur tamen, Cic. Hep. i, 4J • 
 
 r, YET. 
 
 new : 1. nevus : to found n. states, 
 n. condere civitates, Cic. Rep. i, "j, fin.: 
 n. consuls (neuly elected). i\. consules. 
 SueL Cai'S. 15 an. man (upstaii ; <me 
 vhot^e family hail enjoyed no state Im- 
 nours), n. Iiomo Cic. Mur. 7, 16 im'hing 
 n.. nihil no\i, id. Hep, i, 14. Join, 
 novus et [ante himc diem] inauditu.s, 
 id. Leg. init.; novus et inopinatus, id. 
 Verr 2, J^ 8, 24. N milk, n. lac Ov. 
 2, recens, ntis (fresh, recent ; 
 though the. thing itself tie not abso- 
 lutely ne"); cf Cic. ."^1. 6, init., lex re- 
 498 
 
 cens ac nova, i. e. neuly passed and in 
 itself novel, unprexedented : v. -kbesh. 
 3. novicius or -tius (esp. of persons ; 
 as neuly hired slaves, venales novicios. 
 Quint. 8. 2, 8; Varr.) also of things: 
 n. wine, vinum n., Pliii. 2?, i, i} v. 
 NKW-coMKR, KOvicE. 4. novelliis 
 
 (strictly dimin. rf novus : sim. in force 
 10 novitius) : r. settlers at Aifwleia, n. 
 Aquileienses, Liv. 41, 5, init.: n. vine- 
 i/ards, n. vineae, Varr. K. R. i, ;i, init. : 
 Plin. Phr. : n. soldiers, I i rones (v. ke- 
 cruit). -V. Year's-day, Kalendae .Ja- 
 nuariae . to receive pretents im .v. Year's- 
 day, strenas ineuntt- anno recipere. Suet. 
 C'al. 42 (Ov. has novus annus, F i, 149, 
 but the expr. is poetic) a n. tumc(ii ilh 
 thenap of the clo'h un nom), pexa tunica, 
 Hor. Kp. I, I, 95 : Plin. to make n., re- 
 iicvare (v. Tc renew). 
 new-comer ; 1. advgna, ae, c : 
 
 foreigners a?id n.s, peregrini atque a , 
 Cic. Agr. 2, J4, extr 2. novicius or 
 -lius,/. -a: .Tuv. J, 26; (a term usually 
 applied to new slaves not accustomed to 
 their work). 3. hospc s, itis, m. f. ; 
 -iia: cf Per. Ph. 4, 2, 15 v. strak- 
 ger. 
 
 newly ; nfiper, m6d5 . v. lately, 
 recently. 
 
 new-fangled : perh. Inaudltus (un- 
 heard of ; unprecedented): cf CicCaec. 
 i;, !6, novum est, non dico inuMtatum, 
 verum omnino inauditum. Or e.xpr. by 
 recens ac novus, cf new (2). Gell. has 
 novicius in somewhat sim. sense, N. A. 
 II, 2, ad fin., turba grammaticnrum 
 novicia. the n. tribe oj grammarians. 
 
 new-fashioned : novo ritu (abi of 
 
 descriptiun) : cf Hor. Od. j, i, 46. 
 
 newish: paeue novus; recentior 
 (cl.L.G. i) J5I). 
 
 newly: l. nsper: v. lately. 2. 
 recens ; recenter (rare) : o n.-born child, 
 puer recens natus, PI. Cist, i, 2, 17: 
 Sall.fr.: Tac- v. recently. (N.B. — I'he 
 adverb, use of recens is inlrequent, and 
 better avoided.) 3. mOdo (just vow ; 
 a very little while ago): a tunic n. 
 \ patched, tunica m. sarta, Juv. }, 254: 
 v. JUST, adv. (JII.). 
 
 newness: nSvIias: v, novelty. Or 
 expr. by adj.: v. new. 
 
 news : 1. numius (esp. intelli- 
 cence brought by messengers : for neus 
 reported in letters, v. infr.) : good n., 
 boni nuntii, Cic. Alt J, II . nuntius 
 optatissimus (most welcome n.), id. Fam. 
 2, 19, init. ; n. exoptatus, id. K. Am. 
 7, 19: bad n., n. tristes, id. Att. }, 
 17 ; n. acerbus (distressing), id. lk\l. 28, 
 64 : to bring n. to any one, alicui n. 
 afferre, id. R. Am. 1. c. ; perferre (im- 
 plying a distant pmnt to be reached), 
 id. Bal. I.e.; n. ft-rre ad aliquem, Liv. 
 4. 41, extr. : the n. has reached us, nobis 
 nuntii venerant, Cic. Att. J, 17 : also, n. 
 accipere, id. 2. expr by nSvus; esp. 
 in pait. gen.: any n.f num quidnam 
 novi? Cic. de Or. 2, J, 15. Phr. to re- 
 ceive the n. of any event, alicujus rei 
 ceitiorem fieri, Caes. (v. to ineokm) : 
 a letter J^U ofn., epistola pinna actorum, 
 Cic. Att. 2, 1 1 : to n rite detail edn. about 
 public affairs, de repub'.ica siibtiliter 
 [scribere], ib 2, 21, i7iit. : all the n. up 
 to .\,ay 25, acta quae esst-nt usque ad 
 VIII. Kal. .Inn., ib. j, 10, imt.: tc write 
 all jyissible n , qnam plurimis de rebus 
 scribt-re, ib. extr.; omnia qnam dili- 
 gentissime scribere, ib. }, 21, extr.: no 
 letter iiithoul some particular n., nulla 
 epistola ,«ine argumenio, ib. i. 19, init. : 
 I have no n. whatever to tell you, plane 
 deest qui id .-ciibani, ib. 5, ;, init. 
 
 newsmonger : *iui rumores capiat ; 
 garriilii> homo 
 
 newspaper: aciadiuma; or simply 
 diurna v. journal. A weekly n.,*a.ci& 
 helidomadalia. 
 
 newt: lacertus,-a: v. lizard. (The 
 great natern.. is * Iriton cristatus; the 
 common smooth n., *lissolriton punc- 
 tatus: Cycl.) 
 
 next (.<^j-^ ■■ 1. proximus (foil, by 
 dat., less Ireq. ace, or prep, ah) : the n. 
 circle below this, huic pr. inferior orbis, 
 Cic. N. II. 2. 20, 5J: the n.joot to the 
 
 last, pes pr. a postrt-mo. id. Or. 64. 217: 
 Ov. . within the n. ten days, in diebus pn 
 decern. Sail. j'ug. 28 the n. thing xs.fo^ 
 me to show. . .pnxininm est ut doceam 
 . . .,Cic. N. D. 2. 29. imt. (N.B.— WheD 
 used of time, proxim.is ofUn relers ta 
 the next preceding : but it is u.sed also ol 
 I' hat folloii s, el. Caes. B. G. i 40, /in., 
 se proxima nocie castra motunim.j 
 2. of time, sequens, insCqiieus . v. 
 following. So, the rext thing in, se- 
 
 qiiitur ut Cic. N. D. 2, il, init. 
 
 Phr.: within the n ten days (befort 
 they are over), decern his diebus : cf. 
 Cic. Rep. 6, II, hoc liiennio, in thecourK 
 of the n. two years (Madvig, L.G. } 276. 
 Obs 5), 
 
 next («<'"■) •' I. Oi pUu:e: 1. 
 proxinie or proximus (cf. L. G. } J45). 
 with dat., ace. or ab and abl. ■ v. near 
 adv. (1.), 2. jiixia v. CLOSE (2). See 
 also NEXT, adj. ||. OHime,stuxessi on, 
 etc.: 1. deinceps (impljing a repiiiar 
 succession): cf Cic. Off. 1, 14, 42, de 
 justitia sails dictum est- demceps, ut 
 crat prepositum .... next, in the next 
 place ; in connexion with nunc . u. let 
 
 us consider nunc d. consideremns, 
 
 id. Inv. I, 3j, extr. : see also id. Ph. 4, 
 
 4, 9. deinceps laudatur provincia Gallia. 
 
 2, proxime ; also (in some cases) 
 proximus : v hen the decunons are n. con- 
 vened, quum decuriones pr. tontrahentur, 
 Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 4 (more Ireq. = most re- 
 cently : cf. Caes. B, G. J, 29, extr.) : he was 
 censor n . before me, censor proximus ante 
 me (fuit), Cic. Sen. i2,/n 3, secun- 
 dum (n.a/ier; both prfp. and odv.) : m 
 speaking, n. to the voice the features tell, 
 in actioiie s. vocem vultus valet, Cic. de 
 Or. J, 59, 22?. PI. Join; proxime et 
 secundum deos, Cic. Off. 2, }, 1 1. (The 
 adv. use = next, in the next place, is 
 rare.) 4. expr. by discedo, ssi, i-sum, 
 3 (to denote that something stands all 
 but first in estimation): n. to the claims 
 of fraternal affection, I gii-e you the first 
 place, quum a fraterno amore discessi, 
 tibi primas defcro, id. Att. i, 17, 2: 
 more freq. with subj , quum di>ccsserlm, 
 is. it: id. Fam. 6. 12, init. (ut quum ab 
 illodiscesserint, me proximuni liabeant). 
 
 5, also in cerutin connexions, 
 delude, dehinc. post, indo, postea, may 
 serve: cf. Virg. E. j, ;8, iiicipe liamoeta, 
 tu deinde sequere, Menalca (and do yiru 
 follow n.) : Caes. : deinde and deliinc, 
 esp. in enumerations, cf. Sail. Cat. }, 
 primuin, quod . . . ; deliinc quia .... 
 so, primum. .. deinde .... Cic, Rep. i, 
 24. UTiat n.f quid (turn) posiea? Per. 
 Ad. 4, 5, 15 (et saepe): v. then, afteb- 
 
 WAKDS, FLKTHER. 
 
 nib (subs.) : acumen, Inis. m. ; cf. Cic. 
 de Or. I, jj 151 (a. stili). 
 
 nib (v.) ■ praeacuo, j : v. to point, 
 shaupen. 
 
 nibble : rodo, si, sum, ; : v to gnaW. 
 More precisely, arroito, } (to gnaw err n. 
 at): Cic. Sext. JJ. 72(ar. rempublicam, 
 fig ) : Plin. Ion. away, corrodo, } Cic. • 
 to «. all round, circumrodo, J to n. the 
 bait all round, cir. escam, Plin. jl, l, 
 
 nice : I. Precise, exact : 1. sub- 
 tills, e (fine, penetrating, discriminat- 
 ing) : a n. judgment, s. judicium Cic 
 Fam. 15, 6: an palate, s. palatum. Hor. 
 
 5. 2, 8, j8. 2. exquisitus (choice, select, 
 exquisite) : a n. (refined) taste in lite- 
 rature, ex. Utterarum Judicium, Cic. OIT. 
 I, ?7, I??; over n. personal habits and 
 attire, munditia odiosa atque exqiii>ita 
 niniis, cf. ib. i, ?6. 1 ?o. 3, acciiiaiu>, 
 diligens: v. accurate, cabkful. ||, 
 Over particular, in diet or other things 
 
 1 fastidio.-^us (primarily, witn ref 
 to food) : the sense of hearing is reru 
 n. (easily ojTended). aurium sensiis las- 
 tidiosissimus, Aui t Her. 4, 2?, ?2 : 
 PI. Mil. 4, 6, 18 (with ref to beauty). 
 2, elSgans, ntis (rare in this sense) ; 
 bless me . hoiv n. he is ' eja, ut eleg.ins 
 est! Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 19 usu. in good 
 sense, v. elegant, tasteful. 7b be 
 (over) n.. fastidio. 4 : it is the mark of 
 a n. stomach, fastidientis stoniachi est. 
 Sen. Kp. 2. ! to fw too n. to eat cabbage.
 
 NICE LY 
 
 NIGHT-MARE 
 
 NINTH 
 
 olus f., Her. Ep. I, n. 15- III. •'^f*^"" 
 mnt to tUe aenses (ojUiki.) : 1. suavis, 
 e (esp. sweet of smell ; also, of taste) ; 
 u«)odpigeoiis, n. fare, paluinbes, s. res, 
 Hur. S. 2, 8, 92: <;aU) K. K. 158. extr. 
 2. diilcis, f (prop, gwert, as honey : 
 also iri wider s.!nse) . v. dki.icious. 
 I' li r. ; n. tilings {delicacies), scitamenta. 
 PI. Men. I, i, 26. 
 
 nicely : I. ^'"' 3''^' j/rensv/n : 
 sub!ilUer : v. kxactl'I. ||. "'»■'' 
 
 (coUoq.): 1. prbbe: v. « 1 m,. Oft. 
 in comic senst? : n. (i)un'r,adpoiu~ probe, 
 PI. Am. I, I, 129; ni cheat him 11., 
 ego hunc dpcipiiim p. ib. 271. 2. 
 
 belle (prop, diuiln. of bene ; hence freq. 
 inc..l!o<i laiig.) : PI : Cic. ; v. WKLL. 
 
 niceness : v. nicktv (II.). 
 nicety: I. Piectse accuracy : sub- 
 tilitiis V. EXACTXi-:ss, acccracv. P h r. : 
 to an.: ( I ). ail nr in uiicuein (strictly 
 Willi ref. 10 the sculp or iiassivg his nail 
 over the smoMeil if crk) : the sutuies of 
 the sicull are joined to a v.. siitviiae ca- 
 pitis in ungueni coiiiniitiuiiuir, Cels. 8, 
 I, ad init. : Hor S. i, 5. ?2 (ad iinKU.-ni): 
 Col. (2). ad ainus.siiii (also written as 
 one word, adniussini. lit. according to 
 the ride or sijuare) : the nainlxr is not 
 to a n., nunii-nis imn e>t ad a., Varr. 
 K. K 2, 1. (.ulfin. : Gell. : also, e.xamiis- 
 sim, I 'I. Alo,-.i. I, 2, 19; Men. prul. 50. 
 See also, kxactlv, accdratklv. ||. 
 Fastidiousness ; being ocer particular .- 
 1. f;istidUim (esp. in food) : such 
 «. as to refuse to towh {certain food), 
 tantum I., ut iiollent atiin;;ere, Sen. 
 N. (.1 ?, 18, 2: Cic. 2. elegintia (usu. 
 in good sense): PI. Mil. 4, 6, 20 (with 
 ref. to pergonal appearance) : v. rkfine- 
 MENT. 3. niorosltis (over-scrupulous- 
 ness): .foin: afTectatio et morositas 
 niniia (de stilo). Suet. Tib. 70. |||. 
 
 In pi. only, exrefsive refinements : perh. 
 argutiae, arum (cf. Cic. Am. i ?, 4?, 
 nihil e-t quod illi iion persequantur suis 
 argutiis) : or, spinae {thorny suhtlftiis, 
 esp. in logic): n.s of dici:sion and defi- 
 nition, spinae partiendi ei difiniendi, 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, init. 
 
 niche: perh. aedicilla: cf. Pelr. 29, 
 fin., where it denotes the recess or niclie 
 for the Lares. 
 
 nick (s"**-') ■• I. '"^otch: incisura: 
 V. NOTCH. II. K.sact point of time 
 Phr. : in the very u. nf lime: (1). in 
 ipso arliciilo tempuiis, Cic, Quint. 5, 19 : 
 or simply, in ipso articulo (coUoq.), Ter. 
 Ad. 2, 2, 21 (compare PI. Men. I, 2, jo, 
 coramoditatis articulos scio, / know the 
 right n. of time to do a thing). (2). 
 in ipso tempore: Ter. Andr. ;, 6, 10: 
 less emphatic, in tempore, id. Heaut. 2, 
 J, 12}. (3). opportune {seasonably): 
 Ter. Ad. i, 2, i (where it is used as an 
 exclamation on meeting. Well met .') : 
 Caes. : who has superl. opportunissime, 
 B. C. 5. loi. 
 
 nick ("■)•■ >• p. '" <^"' <* notch: in- 
 
 Cido, ? : V. TO NOTCH. 
 
 nickname (.««''«•) •• 1. cognomen, 
 
 inis, ». (slricllv the family name; but 
 used of alditional names or surnames 
 generally): he gut the n. Caligula from 
 a camp joke, Caligulae c. castrensi Joco 
 traxit. Suet. Cal. 9 : v. sdrname. 2. 
 nomen (g<n. term : hence needing to 
 be defined by something in the context) : 
 the young fcllmus gave vie the n. of 
 Sponge, juveiitus nom>-n felt Peniculo 
 milii, PI. Men. i, i, i: more precisely, 
 nomen joculare, Auson. (in Kr.) ; *iio- 
 meii per ludibi-ium ilatuni (Kr.). 3. 
 vocabulum (like preced , a gen. term) : 
 U'hfim they called by the soldiers' n. of 
 Caligula, quern militari v. Caligulum 
 appiUabant, Tac. A. i, 41. 
 
 nickname ("•)■• *iiomen per ludi- 
 briuni alicui facere, dare, etc. : v. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 nidificate : mdinco, i . v nest. 
 
 niece ; fratris or soioris filia : Gai. 
 Dig. ?8, 10, I } ;. As nepos is used in 
 later [M. lor wpheiv (q. v.), so neptis 
 {grand-ilawihter) is occasionally used 
 for niece: v. Forccll. s. v. nepos. 
 
 niggard (s*- •«■) .■ homo sordidus : v. 
 
 taSEB. 
 
 niggardliness : 1. sordis, is, /. ; 
 ii»ii. /./. . V. MKANNESS. 2. nimw 
 
 par^imonia: v. kkigalitv. 3. tfina- 
 cita.s {chse-fistedness) : l.iv. 54. 7. nud. 
 
 niggardly : 1. sordidus {mean, 
 
 miserly): Hdt'.S. 1,1. ()'i Quint. 2. 
 parens {economical ; but ofu-ii in bad 
 sense): a most n. old man, seiiex par- 
 cissimus. Pi Aul. 2. 5. 9: Hor. Join: 
 parcus ac ten;ix, Cic. Coel. i;, /in. : v. 
 si'ARIno. 3. lenax {holding fast 
 
 II hat one has: close-fisted): PI.: Cic. 
 {v.supr.). IVri/ 71., pertinax (rare): I'l. 
 4. avarus. v. miserlv, (;o\ etoUs. 
 6, malignus (not irdli7><i to give 
 anay: opp. to b. iiignu», largus): v. 
 sTiNov. scanty. 
 
 nigh : prOpe, prSplnquus : v. near. 
 nigat: "ox, noctis, /. (with hetero- 
 cVae ahl. noctu. used adverb., by night: 
 Cic. I'usc. 4, ij, 44: connected with 
 interdtu, by day, Caes. B. G. 1,8): a 
 cloudless n., n. .--erena, Cic. Kep. I, 15: 
 a starlight »i.,n. illusiri.s. Plin.9, 16, 2J: 
 at mid^n.. media n., Cic Alt. 4, } fcy 
 n.. de nocte, id. Mur. }{. 69: the depth 
 of the n., Intempesta n., Salt Cat. }2 : 
 in the early part of the »!., conculiia n., 
 Cic. Div. I, 27, 57 'ac. : day and n. 
 (i, e. incessantly), nodes et dies, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 61, 260; noctesqne diesftue 
 (poet.), Knn. in Cic. Sen. i. (For late in 
 Ifte «.. V. LATE, adj., II.) Adj. noctur- 
 nus, behniging to the night , in Vie n. : 
 to uvderialce toil by n. and by day, 
 labores diunios noctumosque suscipere, 
 Cic. Sen. 2?, 82: poet. = de nocte: the 
 wolf proivls by n., lupus noctumus ob- 
 ambulat, VIrg. G. }, 5?8. Also, noc- 
 tuabundus (rare): cf. Cic. Alt. 12, i, 
 nocliiabundus ad me venit talx-Uarius, 
 canve to me bu v. Phr.: tno, three n.s 
 {together), binoctium, trinoctium (both 
 extr. rare): Tac. A. j, 71 (plu.squam 
 binoctium abesse) : V^al. Max. 2, 4, ; 
 (triiioctio=tribus continuis noclibus, on 
 three siucessive n.s) : at the beginning 
 of n.. primis unebris, Liv. Ji, 24. meil. ; 
 to he awake {sit up) all n., pervigilare. 
 Mart. 9, 68, 8 (also with noctem : oral, 
 ut eani noctem pervigilet, Cic. R. Am. 
 j;, 98) : to work or study by n. (by a 
 lamp), lucubrare, Liv. ; Cic. (v. to lucu- 
 brate, luclbkation) to pass the v. 
 someiihere, pernoctare alicubi, Cic. Clu. 
 i;, J7: Varr.: lasting all n.,i)OTno\: esp. 
 in phi., luna pernox erai, it was a moon- 
 light n., Liv. 5. 28: but also of other 
 things: gambling hpt up all n., alea 
 pernox, Juv. 8, io: to have a good v., 
 bene quiescere, Plin. Kp. ?, 16, 4 : as ,-in 
 exclani., good n. ! *bene valeas et qui- 
 escas. (For night in fig. sense, use tene- 
 brae, caligo: v. (ii.oOM, dakkxkss.) 
 night-bird: nocmma avis; uoctua 
 
 {owl) : V. NIGHT. 
 
 cap : *galerus dormitorius (sug- 
 gested by Kr.) ; g. cubicularis (R. and 
 A.). Phr.: to take a «., *poculum 
 bene quiescendi gratia sumere. 
 
 dress : *vestimentum dormitor- 
 
 ium. ( Vesiis cubicularis = rather, dress- 
 ing-i/oim.) 
 
 — — fall : •' h '■• ■ a* ■"•■ s"*' noctem, 
 Caes. B. C. I, 28; primis tenebris, Liv. 
 !i. 24, med.; quum nox jam appeteret 
 (denoting simply '/i« approach of night), 
 cf. Liv. 8. 58. med. 
 
 foundered : *noctu Kiborans. 
 
 gJWn: V. NIGHT-IiRB-S. 
 
 hag: *anusnoctunia, noctivaga. 
 
 nightingale : 1. luscinia (less 
 freq. luscinius. Phaedr.) ; Hor. &. ;, j, 
 24; : Plin. 10. 29. 4? : the n.'s song, lus- 
 ciniae cantus, Plin. 1. c. I/imin., lusei- 
 niola (witliout difference of in.aniiig), 
 Varr. (•.MoUicilla luscinia, Linn.) 2, 
 poet. Philomela : Viig. G. 4. ;i i. 
 
 night-jar: caprimulgus: Plin. 10, 
 40, ?6. (*C. Kuropaeus, Linn.) 
 
 nightly (.adj.): noctumus: Cic: v. 
 Nii;nT 
 
 nightly ioAv.): noctn, de nocte; 
 also, noctumus (L. G. i ?4?) : v. nicuit. 
 
 night-mare : 1. incilbo, onis, m. 
 (late) : .Scril). . Ci»'l. Aur. (The form 
 incubus is of less authority.) 2. »"P- 
 pressio noctuma : Plin. 27, 10, 60 1} 87. 
 
 3. i^phlaltPS, tte, m. : Macr. S. S I, 
 }, med. (as Gk, in hix; g.-nere est iifH- 
 oAti)! ; quem piihlica p -rsuaaio quies- 
 centes opinatur invadere et pundere suo 
 pressos ac sentien'es graiare). 4. 'o 
 more gen. sense, insomnia, oruni • cf. 
 Cic. Sen. u, 44, vinolentia, cruditale, 
 insomniig carere (i. e. <■< esiapt drunk- 
 enness, indigestion, and n.): and Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 9, quae me suspeusiiiii insuuinia 
 terrent I 
 
 night-shade: sOlanmn : Plin. 27, u, 
 108 : Cels. (•.Soluiiiim nigrum, garden 
 n. ; sol. dulcamara, wwrty n.; atropa 
 belladonna, deadly n. : CycL) 
 
 stool : sella (pertusa) cubicula- 
 ris : V. ST'K >!.. 
 
 wandering: nocti vagus: Lucr.: 
 
 Virg. 
 
 watch : \. -^ i>ortion of Ik 
 
 night: vigilia : v. watch ||, A. 
 
 guard keeping natch by night: vigil; 
 collect, vigiliae, exciibiae, -arum: v. 
 GUARD, subs. (II.); WATCH. Join: 
 excubiae iiocturnae vigilesque [t'le city 
 n.]. Suet Aug. }o. 
 
 nimble : 1. pernlx, icis {quick) : 
 
 I am n. of hand, fleet of fnut. p. sum 
 manibus, sum pedes nioblUs, I'l. Mil. 
 }, I, j;: bodies light and n. from con- 
 stant excercise, corpora levin el niulta 
 exercitatione p., Liv. 28, 20, ad init.: 
 n. (jUet) sol^s. p. plantae, Virg. Aen. 11, 
 718. 2. agilis e (oftener in g'-ii. 
 
 sense =ac<iie, brisk): the n. gwid'is 
 {of the chase), a. dea, Ov. H. 4, i'.-9 : 
 Stat. 3. moMlis. e (readily mov-d in 
 any uai/) : PL: Curt.: cf. supr. (l). 
 4. habilis, e (usu Implying skill): 
 she skints with nimble finger the strings, 
 h. percurrit poUice chordas, Ov. A. 2, 4, 
 27. Phr.: very robust and n., maxime 
 vigore ac levitate corporum veloces, 
 Liv. 26, 4, med. 
 
 nimbleness: 1. pprnicitas: Caes. 
 B. C. ;, 84 (of the I'ght foot soldiers 
 playing amongst ca rolry) : Liv. Join: 
 pernicitas et velocitas, Cic lusc. 5, 15, 
 45- 2, agilTtJis (activitii) : Liv. : 
 
 Quint. ' 3, mobilitas (readiness and 
 facility of movement) : Cic. N. U. 2, 
 IS, fin. 
 
 nimbly : pemiclter : Liv. 26. 4, med. : 
 Curt (Or expr. bv modal aM.. so n., 
 tanta pemicitate, etc. : v. Ni-Miti.i ness.) 
 
 nine: n6veni, indccl. Di.-tril). nd- 
 veni, ae, a {n.-apiece, at a lime: or 
 simply nine, with a subs, of pi. form 
 and sing, meaning): n bulls' hides, 
 novena bourn tcrga, Ov. M. 12. 97 : Liv. 
 y.-times, novies or noviens: Virg. <;. 4, 
 480: Varr. X-hun<lred, nongenti, ae, 
 a: Cic: Varr.: n.-hundred times, non- 
 ingenties or nongentles, Vitr. .V. years 
 old, novennis . Lact. lasting n. days, 
 noveniii.-ilis, e : e. g. novendiales feriae, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. J, 5. The number nine, 
 novenarius Humerus, Varr. L. 1... 9. 
 49. 86. 
 ninefold : *novies multiplicatus. 
 nineteen : 1. midcviginti, mdeci. .- 
 Cic Br. 64, 229: Liv. I>istnb. unde- 
 vlceni, ae, a: Quint, i. 10, 44. -V. times, 
 *undevicies (like undequadragies, Plm. 
 7 25,25); decieset novies: n. hundred, 
 mille et nongenti (Kr.): n. thousand, 
 undeviginti niillia (Kr.): n. hundred 
 thousand, undevicies centum (.' cenUna) 
 millia (Kr ) ■ n. thousand tinus. unde- 
 vicies millies (Kr.) 2. decem et 
 novera, indecl. ; Prise, de fig. num. 4 
 (not novem decem. Prise. I. c. cf. Zumpt 
 } 115, 06s. 2). , . . , n, 
 
 nineteenth : undi^vicesimus : Cic 
 Sen. ;. i ♦ : Col. : or, noniis deamuf 
 (oniv ti>rm given in Prise fig. num. 5). 
 
 ninetieth : nonagCsimus : Cic. Sea 
 5, I J I'risc. , i-, o 
 
 ninety: nonaginta, ttxfect. : Cic Sea 
 10 14- nistrib. nonapeni ; also non. 
 ge'nteni, ae, a : I'risc hg. num. 6 Plin. 
 (who has the short form, }6, i ?, 19 
 } 88). -V. times, nonagles, Cic Verr. |, 
 70. 165. 
 
 ninny : ineptus, stuitus : v. fool. 
 
 ninth: nonus: Hor. S 2, 7, 118. 
 Cic. For the 11. time, *nonuni 
 anal, of ttrtium, quarium etc.). 
 499 
 
 ikftei
 
 NINTHLY 
 
 N O B I. E 
 
 NOISE 
 
 ninthly : ^y circuml. *cleinde, quod 
 Dono loco est poiiendura. 
 
 nip : I. ^0 pinch, twinge : perl). 
 
 Vellico, I (to twitch, fillip) ; yuint. 6, 
 1, 41. (More precisely, *extremis digitis 
 coniprimo: v. to squeeze, pkess.) ||. 
 7b destroy the end of anything ; esp. of 
 the action ot frost : uro, ussl, ustum, j ; 
 with comps. praeuro, aduro, amburo: 
 to be n.'d (^pinched ivith cold) on the 
 mountains, in monlibus uri, Cic. Tiisc. 
 2, 17, 40 : for other comps., v. frost- 
 bitten. Phr. : n. the thing in the bud, 
 principiis obsta ! Ov. R. Am. 91 : cf. Cic. 
 K. Am. I J, ;6, perniciosam. . .potentiam 
 primo quoque tempore extinguere atque 
 opprimere {to take the very first oppor- 
 tunity of destroying it). |||, To nip 
 off : amputo, praecido, etc. : v. to cut 
 
 OFF. 
 
 nippers : forcipes : V. PINCERS. 
 nipple: papilla: Plin. 11, 40. 95 
 } 2?5 : Col. (MamlUa, the teat itself.) 
 
 nitre: nitmm Qiwitron, native nitre 
 or saltpetre) : Plin. ji, 10, 46 $ 106. 
 
 nitrous : nitrosus : Plin. JI, 10, 46 
 ^ 107: also, nitratus: Col. 12, 55 (both 
 =r impregnated with n. : of n. nature, 
 *nitri naturam habens). 
 
 no (tt'O) •• 1. nuUus : used both 
 in agr. with subs., and with part. gen. 
 (^:=no single): in no certain order, n. 
 certo ordine, Caes. B. G. 2, 11 : no one 
 of the larger animals, nulla beluarum, 
 Cic. N. I). I, J5, 97. (N.B.— Instead of 
 nullus vir, nullus poeta, use nemo vir, 
 nemo poeta : no good man, vir nemo 
 bonus, Cic. I^eg. 2, 16, 41 : no god nor 
 man, nemo nee deus nee homo, id. N. D. 
 I, 45, extr. Also with part, gen.: no 
 mortal ;na«, mortiilluni houiinum nemo, 
 id. Verr. 2, 2, i\j,fin.) 2. uUus, with 
 some negative in the clause (usu. more 
 emphatic than preced.) : thai that is no 
 fault of mine, culpam meiim non esse 
 ullam. r^l. Mt re. j, 4, 41 : no one either 
 forbidding or inviting, nee prohibente 
 uUo nee vocante, Liv. 5, 40, mid. : doing 
 no damage, sine ullo maleficio, Caes. B. li. 
 1.7- 3. nemo, of ^«-sons.- v.supy.('.). 
 4. nihil, indevl. (with part, gen.) : 
 no strength {at all), n. virium, Liv. 2, 
 57 : no neiis, n. novi, Cic. Fam. 2, 14. 
 (N.B. — This last use is confined to adjj. 
 of the first and second declension.) Also 
 nihil may sometimes be used with in- 
 trans. and other verbs, where in Eng. 
 the adj. no is used with a verbal subs. : 
 to make no use of anything, aliqua re 
 nihil uti, Cic. Agr. 2, 2J, init. : I found 
 no fault with you, nihil te accusavi, id. 
 Fam. 14. 1,6 (so, nihil habeo quod in- 
 cusem senectutem, n«/a«Z< to imd with 
 it, id. Sen. ;, 1 1 : cf L. G. $ 2$}). Phr. : 
 ky no means, haudquaquam, minime : v. 
 MEAN.s (by no). 
 no {adv.) : with comparatives only : 
 1. nihilo (abl. of measure : l.i. G. 
 t^ ill) there is no more need for it non; 
 n. magis nunc opus est, Cic. Fam. 6, j : 
 in no greater danger, n. niajore in dis- 
 crimine, ib. .- esp. with minus, ??o Itis, 
 none the less, Cic. Mil. 7,/n : v. never- 
 theless. 2. baud, non : v. not. 
 
 no (particle of negation) : 1. non 
 (more freq. with verb supplied from the 
 question): to answer Yes or Ao. aut 
 etiam aut non respondere, Cic. Ac. 2, 
 }2, 104 : ivill this do i — No (not it), satin' 
 sic est.?— Non, Ter. Ph. I, 4, JJ : cf. ib. 
 }, 2. 41, Jam ea [dies] praeteriit .-' — Non ; 
 veruni haee ei antecessit (this use of 
 Non is best suited for brisk dialogue, or 
 when something else is at once added, 
 as in last example): don't you, think 
 then f ... .No, certainly not, non igitur 
 existimas .....' Prorsus non arbitror, 
 Ci;. Tusc. 4, 4, 8. 2- minime (an 
 
 emphatic dininl) : are not you ashamed 
 of ymr lying ; — No, indeed . . . ., non 
 pudet vanitatis.? — Minime. . . ., Ter. Ph. 
 J, 2, 42 : very often strengthened by 
 vero : minime vero = no; ceitainly not, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 6, init.: ib. 4, 4, 8. 3. 
 nullo modo {by no means : not at all) 
 can you not ham that in some ofier 
 wayf^No; in no {other), an tu aliter 
 id scire non poles?— Nullo modo, Cic. 
 Soo 
 
 Tusc. 5, 12, ?5. 4. expr. by immo or 
 imo (esp. where a collection o( some- 
 thing in the question is given): so then 
 you say they {the dead) exist? — No, on 
 the contrary ; it is because they do not 
 exist, etc., esse ergo eos dicis? — Immo; 
 
 quia non sunt , id. Tusc. i, 7, init 
 
 6. expr. by nego, i (= to say, No): 
 Diogenes says, Tes ; Antipater, No, Dio- 
 genes ait ; Antipater negat, id. Off. j, 2j, 
 91 : PI. : strengthened by prorsus, Cic. 
 I'usc. 5, 5, 12. See also to refuse. 
 Phr.: No, thank you, recte, benigne: 
 
 V. THANK YOU. 
 
 no one, nobody : I. in ord. sense : 
 1, nemo, inis, c. : for which in gett. 
 and abl. nuUius, nullo, are preferred by 
 the best authors (Kr.) : sometimes in 
 Cic. strengthened by homo (v. no, adj.) : 
 or (more emphatic) by unus (710 one per- 
 son), Liv. 28, ?5, med. (ut nemo unus 
 magis enise adjuverit rem Romanam) ; 
 and n. quisquam, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 2. 2, 
 ne quis (= that no one ; after verbs of 
 commanding, striving, etc.) : it was a 
 law at Athens that no one should bring 
 forward a popular motion, le.x erat 
 Athenis, ne quis populi scitum faceret, 
 Cic. opt. gen. Or. 7, init. : it vas enacted 
 by law that no one should make a tomb 
 . . , lege sanctum est, ne quis sepulcrum 
 faceret.... id. Leg. 2, 26, 64: / will 
 strive hard that no one may surpass me, 
 *el,iborabo (ui) ne quis me vincat, cf. 
 Cic. de Or. 2, ')1,fin. ||. A person of no 
 account : terrae filius, Petr. 4;, med. : Cic. 
 
 nobility : I. Nobleness of birth or 
 rank : nobilitas (strictly the status of 
 families whose members had held curule 
 offices) : to shed lustre on one's n., n. 
 suam illustrare, Cic. Br. 16, 62 : .Sail. : 
 equestrian n. (rank), equestris n., Tac. 
 Agr. 4. (Or expr. by generosus, nobilis, 
 etc. ; V. NOBLE, L) II, Collectively, 
 those of noble rank : 1. nobilitas (cf. 
 supr. I.): a partisan of the n., nubili- 
 tatis fautor, Cic. R. Am. 6, 16 : pride, 
 the common trice of n., superbia com- 
 mune malum nobilitatis. Sail. Jug. 64 : 
 Caes. 2. nobiles, ium (cf supr. 1.) : 
 
 the rank of all the n., diguitas omnium 
 n., Cic. R. Am. 6, 16 : the sing, may 
 also be used, but adjectively, Carthalo a 
 Carthaginian noble, Carthalo Carthagi- 
 niensis n., Liv. 22, 58, niecZ. (where Car- 
 thaginiensis is to be regarded as subs. 
 and nobilis as adj., o Carth. of high 
 rajik) : v. noble. 3. optimates, uni 
 
 and ium {the aristocracy) : a common- 
 wealth which is under the govemmeiit 
 of the n. {an aristocracy), civitas quae 
 optimatium arbitrio regitur, Cic. Rep. i, 
 26. Phr.: a member of the old n. {at 
 Rom,e), homo veteris prosapiae ac mul- 
 tarum imaginum. Sail. Jug. 85, ad init. : 
 I am Tu>t one of the old n., imagines non 
 habeo et mihl nobilitas nova est, ib. 
 med. Ill, Jn ethical sense ; elevation 
 of mind : magnus, generosus, elatus 
 animus : v. noble, generous. (Not 
 nobilitas in this sense.) 
 
 noble {adj.) : I. Of high birth or 
 eminence : 1. nobilis, e: of n. family, 
 nobili geiiere iiatus. Cic. Verr. 5, 70, 
 180: men of n. rank iri their own coun- 
 try, homines inter suos nobiles, id. Kl. 
 22, 52. 2. generosus {of good family) 
 no one is of n.r blood than thou, nemo 
 generosior est te, Hor. S. i, 6, 2: a lady 
 of the n.st family, femina generosis- 
 sima. Suet. Tib. 49 : n. stock, g. siirps, 
 Cic. Br. 58, extr. Join: generosa et 
 nobilis [virgo], id. Par. 5, i, 20. Phr. 
 of n. birth, Claris natalibus, Tac. H. 2, 
 8f). II. (f lofty, generous spirit: 1, 
 generosus : a n. hind of virtue, g. quae- 
 dam virtus, Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 16: a man 
 of most n. simplicity, vir simplicitatis 
 generosissimae, Veil. 2, 125, extr. : Quint. 
 2. elatus, excelsus : v. elevatkd 
 (II.) ; lofty (II.). 3. liberalis, e 
 
 {free,. open-handed) : v. liberal. 4. 
 praeclarus (gen. term, denoting high 
 praise) : a most n. deed, praeclarissi- 
 mum facinus, Nep. Tim. i : Cic. (N.B. 
 — Not nobilis in this sense.) 
 
 noble {subs.) : homo (vir) nobilis ; 
 unus e nobilibus : v. preced. artt. 
 
 nobleman : v. preced. art. 
 
 nobleness: I. of birth : u&M' 
 
 tas ; genus nobile ; stirps generosa : v. 
 NOBrLiTY (I.); noble (1.). II. Of cha- 
 racter : v. NOBIUTY (li.). 
 
 nobly: I, With lef. to descent: 
 
 Phr.: n. descended, nobili genere natus, 
 ortus, oriundus (this last denoting re- 
 moter connexion): cf. noble (I). Or 
 expr. by generosus (ib.). ||. Jn a 
 
 generous, high-spirited way : 1, gen6- 
 rose (rare) : Hor. Od. i, 37, 21 (genero- 
 sius := more like a high-born lady). 
 
 2. praeclare (in gen. sense, finely, 
 admirably) : you are acting n., Tri- 
 bunes '. pr. facitis, Tribuni ! Cic. Ph. j, 
 10, 25. So divine {admirably, incom- 
 parably): Cic: (juint. : v. divinely. 
 
 nobody : \'- no one. 
 
 nocturnal : noctumus : v. nightly 
 {adj.). 
 
 nod (*"''*•) •■ niitus, us: to speak with 
 the fingers or by a n., digitis nuuuiue 
 loqui, Ov. Tr. 2, 45} : Virg. Esp. as 
 signal of command: to do everything at 
 a {ma-e) n., i. e. with promptest obe- 
 dience, ad n. omnes res administrare, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 2} : Cic. (Nutatio ~ act 
 ofnodiiing: Plin. 11, j-], 49.) 
 
 nod ("•) •• 1. iiuto, 1 (frequent, of 
 obsol. nuo) : to n. repeatedly to any one 
 {as in auctions), alicui crebro capitis 
 motu n., Suet. Cal. jg: Hor. Fig.: the 
 helmets n.,n. galeae, Liv. 4, i'),fin. 2. 
 annuo, i, utum, j (to n. to any one, esp. 
 to n. assent) : he n.s assent, aniiuit [et 
 totum nutu tremefecit Olympnm], Virg. 
 Aen. 9, 106: cf Cic. Quint. 5, 18, simul 
 ac annuisset, i.e. at his first nod or 
 signal. (PI. As. 4, i, jf), joins, ntdare, 
 nictare, annuere, the difference being 
 that the latter indicates a definite object 
 of the action.) See also to beckon. 
 
 nodding (subs.): niitatio: Plin. 11, 
 J7. 49 : V. NOD. 
 
 noddy : ineptus : V. srsrPLETON. 
 
 nodes : 'i astronomy, nodi, omra : 
 Manil. J, 622. 
 
 nodule : perh. glandium (" a deli- 
 cate kernel or glandule in meat ; esp. in 
 pork"): cf. Plin. 8, 51, 77 } 209: PI. 
 Cap. 4, 4, 7 (whence the term appeors 
 to have been applied to a particular 
 part of pork). Full of n.s, glandulosu:*. 
 Col. 7, 9, I (g. cervix suis). 
 
 soise (sutis.) : 1. strgpitus, lis 
 {confused din) : n. of wheels, s. rotarum, 
 Caes. B. G. 4. 5J : the n. of the forum, 
 s. fori, Cic. Br. 92, }I7 : Virg. 2. 
 
 stridor (a harsh grating or creaking 
 71.): n. {creaking) of cordage. 3. ruden- 
 tum, Virg. Aen. 1, 87; of a gate, s. 
 januae, Ov. M. ii, 608 (but also strepi- 
 tus, Tib. 1 , 8, 60) : n.s {singing) in the 
 ears, stridores auriuni, Plin. 20, 6, 21. 
 
 3. crepitus, us {crackling, rattling 
 n.) : the 71. of arms, c. armorum, Liv. 
 25, 6, ad fin. : the n. made by a hand 
 slapping the shoulders, c. illisae maims 
 humeris. Sen. Ep. 56, 1 : Cic. 4. frem- 
 itus, us (o deep, roaring n.) : the n. 
 of waves, (fluctus) fr., Cic. Tusc, 5. 2, 
 5 : shouts and n. {murmur) of an army 
 marching, (agminis) clamor fque, Caes. 
 
 B. G. 2. 24: V. ROAR, MURMUR. 5. 
 
 friigor {harsh n.) : v. crash. 6. s6ni- 
 tus, us (gen. term) : v. sound. 7. 
 cliunor Cprop- shouting; less freq. of 
 inarticulate nj) : all kinds of n.s are 
 to be heard around me, varius clamor 
 iindique me circunisonat. Sen. Ep. 56, 
 init. : Virg. 8. conviciuin (loud n., 
 esp. of persons bawling) : cf. Cic. Arch. 
 6, 12, ubi animus ex hoc forensi strepitu 
 reficiatur, et aures conncio defes8:ie con- 
 quiescaiit {uproar, q. v.) : to make a n. 
 (■' row") in front of a house, ante aedes 
 facere c, Ter. Ad. 2, 1,26: Phaedr. 1, 
 6, 5 (of the croaking of frogs). 
 
 ■ to make : 1. strepo, ui, 
 
 itum, 3 (for syii. v. noise, subs.) : the 
 bees make a {buzzing) noise in their 
 hive, apes in alveo s., Plin. 11, 10, 10 
 Tac: Virg. (In prose better, strepitum 
 edere ; like clamorem edere, Cic. Div. 2, 
 2 5, 50, etc.: strepitum facere, Ov. M. 
 11,650; ib. 14.782.) /'jt;7«en<. strepito 
 I : V'.rg. 2. crepo, crOpiio, i : v. M
 
 NOISE ABROAD 
 
 NONE 
 
 NORTH 
 
 CBACKLE, RATIXE. 3. WmO, } : V. 
 
 TO MUKMUB, ROAR. 
 
 noise abroad ("■)•■ 1. effSro, ex- 
 tuli, elatuin. {, irr. : for this to get n.d 
 abroad, efTt-rri hoc foras, Qet ad I'. R. 
 aures perveiiirel Cic. Ph. lo, j,6: Ter. . 
 Fo, in vulgns cnerri, Caes. B. G. i, 46: 
 Tac (In »ini. sense, differu; bui usu. 
 with ref. to slanderous or unfavourabU 
 reports: cf. Tac. A. j, 12, vuul., differri 
 etiain ppr cxUrnos, tanijuain veiieno in- 
 terceptus esset : Suet.) 2. evulgo, i : 
 V. TO PUBLISH, SFKKAD. The pa.ss. may 
 also be expr. b}', crebescere, percre- 
 bescere (crebr-) ; enotescere, etc. : v. to 
 
 GKT ABROAli. 
 
 noiseless: 1. tacltus, sllens (sitent, 
 still): Virg.: Ov. : v. siLKNT. 2. more 
 prechsely, s-trepitum iion faciens : with 
 n./<x)tet»7),strep;tura passu non faciente, 
 Ov. Tr. I, 7, lb: id. M. 11,650. 3. 
 surdus (poet.): (conxwnce) lashes with 
 n. firolce, s. verbere caedit, Juv. ij, 194: 
 
 I'lin. : V. MlTh. 
 
 noiselessly : 1. tacitt: v.silextlv. 
 
 2, usu. better expr. by circuml., 
 
 nullo .-'repilu, sine ullo strepitu : v. 
 
 k-QISE (subs.) ; NOISELESS (2). 
 
 noisily : cum strepitu ; cum magno 
 claniore atque con%-icio : cf. Hur. Kp. 2, 
 1,20? (taiito cum strepitu, so n.): Cic. 
 Verr. ;, ii, 28. 
 
 noisome : 1. teter, tra, trura 
 
 (taet.) : a n. smell, t. odor, Caes. B. C. }, 
 49 : regions n., neglected and foul, loca t., 
 inculta, foeda. Sail. Cat. 52, med. : Lucr. 
 
 2. fofdus: V. FOCL, DISGtJSTKG. 
 
 noisomeness : expr. by adj. .- v. 
 
 KOISoME. 
 
 noisr ; 1. clamosus (given to 
 
 baicling ; also, full of noises) : a n. 
 vrravgler, Qturbidus et] c. allercator. 
 Quint. 6, 4, 15 : the n. Circus, c. Circus, 
 Mart. 10, 5J : Stat. 2. argutus (chiefly 
 poet.): the n. forum, a. forum, Ov. A. A. 
 1, 80: the n. saw, a. serra, Virg. G. 
 I, 14J. (Argutus properly denotes a 
 thriU noise.) 3. expr. by strepere, 
 
 circumstrepere, resonare, etc. : though 
 all outside be so n., licet onmia foris 
 resonent, Sen. Ep. 56, 4 ; licet omnes 
 circumstrepant clamores, cf. ib. $} 5, 14: 
 how n. this place is .' *ut hie locus vario 
 clamore atque convicio strepil ! v. noise. 
 4. strepitus, cUmoris, convicii pla- 
 nus : v. NOISE. ( I'umultuosus, lurbu- 
 lentus = disorderly, not simply noisy.) 
 
 nomade {subs.): in pi., 1. nomad.-s, 
 nni (used as proper name ; ct. Mela 2, 
 I, 40): Pliri. 5, }, 2 (Numidae vero No- 
 mades a permutaudis pabulis, niapalia 
 sua, hoc est, doiuus plaustrls circum- 
 ferentes : numidae, arum, was also used 
 as an appellative : cf. Vitr. 8, j, 8, 
 Arabia nuiuidarum). 2. expr. by adj. 
 vagus : cl. ball. .Jug. 18, llaeiuli vagi, 
 paluntes: al.so, .Mi-la 2, i, 99, vagi No- 
 mades pcurum pabula sequuntur, atque 
 ut ilia duranl, it4 diu statam sedem 
 agunt : i. e. they are nomads. 
 
 nomadic : vagus {tiandtring .- only 
 as epitb. ul people): Sail.: Mela: v. 
 preced. art. P h r. : an. people, *qui 
 pabula sequentes sedemquepermutantes 
 vivunt : cf. preced. art. Sometimes it 
 may be needful to use the subs, no- 
 mades : they Uvea n.life, •noinadum (qui 
 dicunlur) uitu vi;ani agunt, habiwnt. 
 
 nomenclator: nomenclator(a slave 
 whose business it was to prompt peoples 
 navuts) : Cic. Mur. 36, 77 : Sen. 
 
 nomenclature : nomeiulati'ira {enu- 
 r,/eiatwn of iiamis) : I'lin. }, pruuem. 
 5 2. Usu. belter expr. by vocabulum: 
 they use a different n., *diversa voca- 
 bulorum ratiuiie utuntur. 
 
 nominal : eipr. by nomen, verbum : 
 nvire n. Oian real strength, niagis nomen 
 quani vires, l.iv. 7, 29, tned. : this is a 
 71. not a real distinction, "haec verbo 
 ^nomine) solum nun re distinguunlur : 
 
 cf NOMINALLY. 
 
 nominalist : >" pl- the "s. * Nomi- 
 iiales ; opp. tii Keales, Krasra. ii. }62. 
 
 nominally: 1. verbo, nomine: 
 
 cf. Nep. I'boc. }, causam apud Fhilip- 
 pum regem verbo, re ipsa quidem apud 
 
 . . (numinally before one . really be- 
 
 fore another) : so, verbi el simulatlone 
 
 opp. to, re vera, Cic. Verr. }, 58. 
 
 I }J : money levied, n. for the jleet.cUis- 
 sis nomine pecunia Imperata, id. Fl. 12, 
 init. 2. spScie. per sp€ciem (in ap- 
 pearance, under colour of...): the city 
 
 teas n..free; but in reality specie 
 
 liberam (civitat«m) esse; re vera.. ., 
 Liv. J5, ji, med.: n. to help the Hyzan- 
 
 tines; in reality per speciein By- 
 
 zantinis auxilii ferendi, re ipsa , lb. 
 
 J9, ?5. See aLso pretknck. 
 nominate : I. '^^ appoint to an 
 
 office : 1. nomino, I {either to desig- 
 nate or actually appoint to an office) : 
 Cn. Fompeius and Q. Bortensius n.d 
 me for augur, me augurem Cn. Pom- 
 peius et y. Hortensius nominaverunt, 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 2, 4 : to n. un interrex (act 
 of the senate), interregem n., Liv. 1, J2, 
 init. 2. tlico, xi, clum, j (to appoint 
 authoritatively) ; to n. a dicta/or, a 
 viaslcr of horse, dicta torem, magi strum 
 equitum d., Liv. 7, 17. meA. : J, 27, init. 
 (the regular word to denote the nomi- 
 nation of master of horse by a dictator). 
 See also TO appoint. ||, 7b institute 
 as heir, etc. : 1. instiiuo. j : v. to 
 appoint (L, b.). 2. nuncQpo, l (for- 
 mally) : to be openly (publicly) n.d heir, 
 heredem palam nuncupari. Suet. Cal. 
 J8: Gai. 3. scribi), psi, piuni. j (in 
 
 icriting; by testament) : to n. any one 
 a guardian to children, aliquem tutorem 
 liberis suis s., Cic. Clu. 14, 41 : to n. as 
 heir, heredem s., id. Mil. 18, ./in : Caes. 
 nomination : 1. nominatio (e. g. 
 
 of a'igurs. jiimtiffis, etc.): on my n., niefi 
 n., Cic. Ph. I J, "5, 12: on the n. of the 
 consuls, uominatione consulum, Tac. A. 
 6, 45- 2. nuncupatio Qf an heir) : 
 Suet. Cal. J 8. (Or expr. by verb : v. TO 
 
 NOMINATE.) 
 
 nominative case : 1. casus no- 
 
 miiialivus: Quint. I, 7. J: Varr. (Also 
 simply nominativus, Later Grr.) 2. 
 casus rectus (Gr. TTTuais opdrj): Quint. 
 I, 4. I J : Varr. 
 nominee : pxp""- ^y nomino : the n. of 
 
 the amsul, *is queni consul nominavit ; 
 (homo) a consule nominatus : v. to 
 
 NOMINATE. 
 
 nonage: ^- ihnoritt. 
 
 non-appearance : 1. expr. by 
 non adsuni, nun compareo (non-legal) : 
 in case of their n. (in the asscTnbly) on 
 summons, qui nisi adsiiit quum citentur, 
 PI. .\l.n. }. I, 9: cf. Cic. CliL 64, 180, 
 suspiciu in eos servos qui non compare- 
 bant commuvebatur, i. e. on their n. 
 2. with ref. 10 a civil w:tion, expr. 
 by de.sero, ui, rtum, j : to forfeit one's 
 recognizance by n., vadimonium d., Cic. 
 Quint. 25, 75: Plin. 3. expr. by non 
 sisto, stiti and stftti, i (\e?.a.\ term) : in 
 case of his n. in court, qui non steteril, 
 Gai. 4, 18; : UIp. Dig. 2, 10, i : fraudu- 
 lently to cause any one's n. in court, dolo 
 facere quuniinus quis, in judicium voca- 
 tus, sistat, Paul. ib. 2, 10, 2 : or pass, in 
 same sense, quominus in judicio sista- 
 tur (or se sistat), Jul. ib. 2, 10, i ^ 2 : 
 so, dolo malefacere ne quis in Judicium 
 veniat, ib. } 4. 
 
 non-attendance : expr. by non 
 
 adesse : v. proceii. art. 
 
 non-conductor : expr. by * mm 
 transmittere (ignem, vim electricam, 
 etc.). 
 
 nonconformist : *qui » reiigionibus 
 
 public iiistitutis dissidet. 
 nonconformity: expr. by dissidere, 
 
 etc, , V. iirercd. art. 
 
 non-descript : * nullo certo generi 
 ascripius 
 
 none : nemo, nullus : v. no, no one. 
 .Sometimes where ntme is used as subs., 
 lnst<'ad of repeating a subs, with no. 
 non is to be used seeking rest and 
 finding n., quaerens requiem et non in- 
 "veniens, Vulg. .Matt. xil. 4; (where, 
 however, nulliini might have stood = 
 ntme at all). Sometimes tlie subs, is 
 best repeated, esp. after a short interval, 
 cf. Ov. A. .\. I, i;i, et si nullus erit 
 pulvis (where, pulvis si forte deciderii 
 precedesL and if there be none to brush 
 away. But after none is nUi or praeier 
 
 n. but those who thoroughly undcrttard, 
 nemo nisi qui prudenier Intelllgit, Cic, 
 Br. 6, 2j : ct. nemini praeter me, id. Atk 
 I, 1.2. 
 
 nonentity : e^pr. by nnllus : ct 
 Cic. Q. Kr. }, 4. I, vides nullam ess* 
 
 rempublicani, nullum Senaturo , yuu 
 
 tee the commennecUth it a n., the Sen<itr 
 a n., etc. : id. Kara. 7, }, ex illo temp.re 
 vir ille summus nnllut imperator fuii, 
 a mere n. Also nihil : cf. Ter. Andr. 2. 
 I, 14, id aliquid nihil est, is a mere n. : 
 also, Cic. .Sext. 5;, 114, ausplcia, Senalus 
 auctorilatem, etc., nihil puiare, lo look 
 on them as n.s. 
 
 nones : "fa mtmth. nonae, arum : Oc. 
 
 non-existence : expr. by nou ease, 
 exi^lere . v. To kxi.st. 
 
 non-juror : 'qu' '" verba [novi regis] 
 jurarc iion vult. 
 
 non-observance: expr. by non 
 
 servare : v. To huskrve. 
 
 non-payment : expr. by non pen- 
 
 derc, -Jilvere : v. to pay. 
 
 non-plus (»•) ■■ Phr. : ad IncitaB X. 
 incita redigere (figure forroired from a 
 game ])layed u-ith pieces) : PI. Poen. 4, 2, 
 85 (ad inciias sc. calces); Lucil. in .Non. 
 I2J, 127 (ad incita): so with deducere. 
 Apul. Nearlv equiv. Is, in (summas) 
 aiigustias adducere (to reduce to great 
 straits), Cio. Quint. 5, 19. See also to 
 
 GRA\ KL. 
 
 non-resident: *qu' in suis agris 
 domiciliura nun liabet. 
 
 non-resistance: patientia: v. en- 
 durance. 
 
 nonsense : 1. nflgae, arum (tri- 
 fling n.) ; to be pleased m'tlt such n, 
 tantis delectari n., Cic. Div. 2, i?, jo: 
 some n. (trifle) or oth-r, nescio quid nu- 
 garura, Hor. S. i, 9, 2. As exclam. 
 nugas ! nonsense '. PI. Pers. 4, 7, 8. 2. 
 ineptiae, arum (absurdities) : old wivet' 
 n., aniles i., Cic. Tusc. 1, ?9. 9!: Suet 
 
 j (A less coUoq. word than preced.) 3, 
 
 I gerrae, arum (comicf) : exclam., gerrae / 
 stuff! nonsense ! PI. Trin. ?, ?, 31 : Vest. 
 
 I In same sense, fabulac ! logi ! sonmiat 
 Ter. Ph. }, 2, 8, sqq. Jb talk n., garrire. 
 
 I Hor. S. 1,9, I! (garrire quidlibet) : y»ii 
 
 i are ta'king n. .' garris ! Ter. Eun. 2, }, 
 87 : also, nugari (sportively). Hor. .S. 2, 1, 
 
 '7?; hariulari (to talk mere n.). Ter. Ph. 
 
 ! ;, 2, 8; inepiire (absurdly), id. Ad. 5, 
 8, IX. 
 nonsensical : ineptus, absurdui. 
 
 ', etc. : v. ABsiRD, foolish. 
 
 nonsuit {>■■) ■ P li r. : to fe n-'d, causft 
 cadere, Cic. Inv. 2, 19, 57 : also in Dig. 
 condemnari, daninari (to have sentence 
 given against one), ib. Ulp. 2, i, 19. et 
 pass. : cf. ib. 9. 4, 21 $ 4. <!»' condera- 
 nacttir quasi contuniaces, i.e. n ho are 
 n 'd for contumacy. See also, to lfis« 
 (11,2). 
 
 noodle : v. simpleton. 
 
 nook : angfilus : Hor. (XI. 2, 6, 14. 
 See also retreat. 
 
 noon : mendies, 5i, m. : before n., 
 after n., ante, post m., Cic. Tusc. i, ?. 
 Also meridianuni tenipus (the time about 
 noon), Cic. de Or. ?. ;, 17. 
 
 noon-day: '^•^ "'^J- niendianus: tfie 
 n. sun. m. sol. Pllii. 12, 19. 42 } 86: 
 Cic. : V. preced. art. 
 
 noon-tide : merldlanum temptis : v. 
 soon. 
 
 noose (subs.) : laquens : to snare 
 game with n.s, laqueis capiare feias, 
 Virg G. I, IJ9: Cic: v. halter. 
 
 noose ("■) •• illiqueo. i : v. to en- 
 snare. 
 
 nor : nf que (nee) ; nSve (nen) after 
 preced. neque or neve : v. neither. 
 
 normal : P b r. ; a commonurallh in 
 its n. condition, 'qualis ex norma sua 
 cl vitas esse debet- n. schools, "scholae 
 normales, quae appellantur. 
 
 north, isubs.) : 1. septentrio, onis, 
 m. ; or pi. septemtriones, um (the pi. 
 is the older form, denoting the seven 
 stars of Crsa Major): towards the n., 
 ad septenirioni's, Cic N. D. 2, 19. 49: 
 thet) face the n..spectantin8eptentrione» 
 (al. -em), Caes. B. > i. 1,1: also = the 
 northn~n iHirt i>r .nd/" of a region. Liv. 
 32, 13 (septtntno a Macedciiia ol<Ji- 
 501
 
 NORTH, NORTHERN 
 
 NOT 
 
 \ O T F 
 
 dtcr). 2. iquilo, onis, m. (strictly 
 the N.-wind : less freq.) a cave facing 
 Vie n., spelunca ad a. converia, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 48, 107 (a passage savouring of 
 poeiry). 3. Boreas, ae, m. (like pre- 
 ced. : poet.): Hor. CM. ;, 24, J8. 
 
 north, northern: 1. septentrion- 
 
 aiis, e the n. part (fif the earth), s. pars, 
 Varr. R. R. i, 2, act init. : Plin. N.-pl., 
 septentrionalia, n. paits: e. g. septen- 
 trionalia Gemianiae, lac. Agr 10: I'lin. 
 
 2. aquiloiiaris, e (rare) Cic. N. D. 
 2,19,50. Also, aqiiiloiiiiis: Plin.- Col. 
 
 3. Bureus (i^oet. and rare)- Ov. 
 Tr. 4, 8. 41. Also, Borealis, e : Avien. 
 P b r. - Uie n. lights, *aun)ra quae dicitur 
 Borealis. 4. arctous (poet, and rare) . 
 Mart. ;. 68. 
 
 northerly : (in) septentrionem spec- 
 tans : V. TO LOOK TO« ARl)S. 
 
 north-east : P h r. : ta Ue N.E., inter 
 septenlriunes (al. -em) et orienteni spec- 
 tare, Caes. B. G. I, I : on the N.E. fide, 
 ab liibemo ortu, Liv. 58, 20, med. The 
 N.E. uind, aquilo, onis, to. ■ (also, a 
 north wind, in gen. sense): Plin. 2,47, 
 46 ^ 119, inter septentrionem et e.\- 
 ortum solstitialem aquilo (which makes 
 It about N.N.E.) : more exactly, caecias, 
 ae, TO., Plin. 1. c. (where this wind is 
 placed beticeen aquiln and the equinoc- 
 tial rising of the sun) : written by Sen. 
 as Gk., KaiKt'a?, N. Q. ;, 16, 5. 
 
 north-easterly: inter septentrionem 
 (-es) et orientem spectans : v. north- 
 
 B.4ST. 
 
 north-pole ; arctos, i, /. (meton.) : 
 Ov. M. 2, I ?2. Or perh. vertex (terrae) 
 septentrionalis cf. Virg. ij. i, 242: also, 
 ib. V. 24'^, wliere Scythia Rhiphaeaeque 
 ftfces, represenis the n.-polar regions 
 generally. 
 
 north-west : P h r. : to lie n. w., 
 inter septentriones et occasum soils 
 spectare. cf. Caes. B. U. i, i, /in. : on the 
 ^V. H'., ab aestivo occasu, Li v. j8, 20, 
 med. The N. W. wind, Caums or Corns : 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 7 ; Sen. N. Q. 5, 16, 5 (a 
 Bolstitiali occidente Corus venit, i. e. 
 aiiout N. W.) : Plin. 
 
 northwards : (ad) septentrionem 
 Tersus V. towards. 
 
 north-wind : 1. aquTIo, onis, m. : 
 Cic. N. 0. 2, 10, 26 (Aqiiihmibus reli- 
 quisque frigoribus durescit humor, i. e. 
 the Jf.-imnds, generally : but speaking 
 precisely, Aquilo was about N.N.K. ; v. 
 NORTH-KAST). 2. Boreas, ae, TO. (poet.) : 
 Virg. G. I, 9? : Ov. 3. septentrio, 
 onis, m. ; from that day the winds were 
 N., ex ea die fuere septentriones venti, 
 Ep. in Cic. Att. q, 6. 4 : Liv. (ace. to 
 Sen. N. y. 5, 16, 6, the wind septentrio 
 was a N.W. wind). 
 
 nose : 1. nasus (the entire organ ; 
 Dares, the nostrils, infr.) : a crooked (mis- 
 shapi^n) n., pravus n., Hor. A. P. j6- a 
 turn-up n , n. aduncus, Ter. Heaut. ;, 
 5, 18 (MU expr. often used fig., nuso sus- 
 pendere adunco, with ace, to turn up 
 one's n. at any one or anything, Hor. S. 
 I, 6, 5)- aflat (snub) n., n. collisus. 
 Sen. Ir. j, 22, 4 (not nasus siraus ; for 
 simus prop. = having a snub-nose, as 
 epiih. of a person) : to hare a n. (sensf 
 of smell), n. habere, Mart, i, 41, 18. 
 2. naris, is,/, (nostril: hpnce nsu. 
 pi.) : to hold a bouquet to any one's ??., 
 fasciculum (alicui) ad nares admovere, 
 Cic. Tusc. J, 18, fin : a keen n., acutae 
 n , Hor. S. i, j, jo: Hor. (N.B. — Nares 
 is mostly used when the function of 
 tmell is directly indicated; nasus, to de- 
 note the feature of the face.) v. nostrtl. 
 Ph r. : luxving a large n., nasutus, Hor. S. 
 I, 2, yj; also, having a keen n., Phaedr. 
 4, 7. I ; to lead any orw by the n. (lig.), 
 aliquem ludificari, lactare; alicui ossub- 
 linere, v. fool (Phr.). 
 
 nosegay : fasciciilus (florum) : Cic. 
 Tusc. ;, 18, fm To gather Jio'iers for 
 a n., flores legere ■ v. ro gather (II.). 
 
 nosology : *morborum scientia. 
 
 nostril: naris, is, f.: dilated n., 
 panda n., Ov. M. }, 6''5 ; patulae nares, 
 Virg. G. I, 576 to i, flate the n.s and 
 pull them about, nares". nflare, digito in- 
 fuietare. Quint. 11, ;, 80; Cic. 
 sal 
 
 nostrum : medicamentum (any me- 
 dicinal preparation) , or, medicamentum 
 falsum, falso nomine dictum (a }netended 
 viedicine): cf. Phaedr. i, 14, }. 
 
 not : I. I" direct statements or 
 
 interrogative sentences 1. non (mo-t 
 gen. woid : usual p.isition immedintely 
 before the word to be negatived, or 
 when it quahties an entire propositi(in, 
 al the beginning of it) : lor the position 
 of non, cunip. loll. exx. : qui niihi non 
 id videbantur accusare, quod esset accu 
 saiidum, Cic. Sen. i, 7 . euni colere coepi 
 non admoduiii grandem natu, ib. 4, 10 : 
 omnia memoria tenebit, non domestica 
 solum sed etiam externa bella, ib. 4,7.n. 
 (the words id, adniodum, dome-tica, 
 bearing in each case the stress of the 
 negation) non sunt in senectute vires, 
 ib. II, init. : at non est voluptatum 
 tanta quasi titillatio in senibus, ib. 14, 
 47 (where the entire propositions are to 
 be negatived). (N.B.— In interrogative 
 sentences, the particle -ne is attached to 
 the negative, thus : nonne : which in di- 
 rect questions begins the sentence, ac- 
 cording to alK)ve rule, in indirect ones its 
 position toeing more or less a matter of 
 euphony : did not Lentulus come to you ? 
 did not Sanga? nonne ad te Lentulus 
 venit? non Sanga? Cic. in Pis. Jl, 77: 
 he ivas asked whether he did not think 
 Arclielaus son of Perdiccas happy f ex eo 
 quaesilum (est), Archelaum Perdiccae 
 filium nonne beatuni putaret ? id. Tusc. 
 5, 12, init. In compound negative ques- 
 tions, the -ne is frequently dispensed 
 with in the later members, as above.) 
 2. baud (more emphatic than non, 
 and chiefly joined to adverbs and at^jec- 
 tiTes; also used with verbs, especially 
 in certain phrr., as hand scio an, baud 
 dubito) : / don't quite understand, baud 
 sane inlelligo, Cic. Off 2, 2, 5 : / did not 
 so order, baud ita jussi, Ter. Andr. 5, 4, 
 52 : strengthened by -quaquam (not in 
 anil degree) : Cic : Liv. : it is not at 
 all uonderful, baud mirabile est, Ter. 
 Heaut. 2, 4, 7 : Cic. ; thereupon he did 
 
 not hesitate to pmit out , tum ille 
 
 baud dubitavit docere , Cic. Rep. i, 
 
 1 5- 3. (to be used sparingly, and 
 
 only in familiar style) nuUus, in agr. 
 with subject : Fhilotimus not only dUJes 
 not come, but.... Ph. non modo nuUus 
 venit, sed. . ., Cic. Att. 11, 24, j ; / re- 
 member ; even were you not to remind 
 me, meniini, tametsi nullus raoneas, Ter. 
 Etin. 2, I, 10 : don't you say, nullus 
 dixeris, id. Hec. i, 2, 4. (In this use 
 nullus is more emphatic than ijon : cf. 
 L. G. ^ 612.) 4. parum, minus (less 
 than should be ; hence =: softened nega- 
 tive; L. G. } 646) ; my ffforts are not 
 succeeding very well, parum succedit 
 qu<id ago, Ter. Andr. 4, i, 56 Terenlia 
 has not been well, Terentia minus belle 
 habuit, Cic Fam. 9, 9. So sometimes 
 male (with adjj.): not sound in mind, 
 male sanus, Cic. Att. 9, 15. (N' B.— As 
 joined with conj. quo Qquominus], minus 
 has a purely negative force ; v. to pri-> 
 VENT, HINDER.) 5. nihil (in no respect, 
 not at all : only with verbs) . / did not 
 (by any means) find fault with you 
 about my brother, de patre nihil te ac- 
 cusavi, etc. Fam. 14, 1,6:/ don't say 
 to u'liom (=■ say nothing about who it 
 lias), n. dico, cui, id. Ph. i, 6, i!. 6. 
 minime, nuUo modo, nuUo pacto (by no 
 means ; the two ftjrmer o'ten in answer 
 to questions) : v. means (by no). Spe- 
 cial Phr.: (a), and not : neque, nee 
 (cf. L. (t. } 564) : it dflighls in a soil 
 that is poor and not dantrp, laetatur loco 
 macro neque bumido. Col. 2, 11, med.: 
 a good knowledge of literature, and that 
 not of a common sort, pluriinae litterae, 
 nee eae vulgares, Cic. Br. 16, 265 (mark 
 the use of eae; without which pronoun 
 this use of neque with an adj. is scircely 
 elegant) : v. NOR. (b). if not : sin nii- 
 
 tius, sin ■ X IF (2). (c). not even : ne 
 
 ■luidem (tie word emphasized coming 
 between the two) • not to make even the 
 least sacriUce of glory, gloriae jacturam 
 ne niinimarn quidein faceie, Cic. Off. i, 
 24, 84 not even. ..muck less ne 
 
 quidein. .. .mdunr ut, Liv. j, 14, /n. 
 (N.B. — Ace. to Forcell. there is no well 
 authenticated case of ne quidem occur- 
 ring without a word between, though 
 several have been adduced : v. Tursell. 
 
 s. V. ne. No. j6.) (d). not that but 
 
 : non quo (quod), with subj 
 
 sed. . . . : not that I like to be ill spoken 
 of, but because.. .., non quo liLenter 
 male audiam, sed. . . ., Cic. de Or. 2, 7;, 
 !o5 : cf. id. Tusc. 2, 2J, fn., pugiles in 
 jactandis caestibus ingemiscunt, non 
 quod doleani, sed not that (or be- 
 cause) they are in pain, but because, 
 etc. : so non quia. . . .sed : Tac. (»). not 
 but what.... : non quin (with subj.): 
 foil, by sed quod. Sail. Cat. 5?, mtii. (in- 
 dicating first a supposed and then an 
 actual reason) : foil, by sed ut (sup- 
 P'jsed and actual purpose), \av. 2, 15, ad 
 init. (/). that. . . .not (denoting a pur- 
 pose) : ne: v. that (conj.). ||. In de- 
 pendent sentences, esp. to denote a pur- 
 pose; also 'inpiohibitions: 1. ne (in 
 dep. sentence =; in order that. . . .not) : 
 let the Consuls see to it that the common- 
 wealth dues not receive dumage, videant 
 Coss. ne qtiid detriment] resp. capiat, 
 Caes. B. C. I, 5 : Sail, in the case of ne 
 quis, ut is not seldom prefixed: cf. Cic. 
 Off. 1, 29, loj, ut ne quid negligenter 
 agamus: and occasionally before other 
 words, V. Smith's Lat. Diet, ne (Jl.. 5). 
 So after verbs of asking, commanding, 
 advising, striving (not infiii.) : v. to 
 ASK, etc. 2. i'l double prohibitions : 
 neve (neu)....neve (neu) v. neither. 
 Ne is sometimes used with the first verb : 
 cf. XII. Tab. in Cic. Leg. 2, a, init., 
 Homiuem mortuum in urbe ne sepeiito 
 neve urito. 3. alter verbs of fearing, 
 ut (= that. . . .not) .- I fear you will not 
 live long, ut sis vitalis metuo, Hor. S. 
 2, I, 60: but also ne....non: cf. Cic. 
 Att. 5, 18, I, unum vereor ne Senatus 
 
 Pompeium nolit dimittere : ib. 9, 6, 
 
 med., metuo ne non inipetrem. Phr.: 
 
 not to say , ne dicam : cf. Cic. N. D. 
 
 I, 21, fin., in tam leves, ne dicam ineptas 
 (not to say, absurd) sententias incidisse : 
 net to mention. . ., ut omittam. . ., Nep. 
 Han. 2, init. : not to make a long story, 
 ne multa (sc. dicam), Qc. Clu. 64, 180; 
 also, ne multis, ib. 16, fin. 
 
 notable : nOtabilis, memorabllis, in- 
 signis, insignltus: v. remarkable, me- 
 
 MOKABLE. 
 
 notably : insignite, insigniter : v. 
 
 REMARKABLY. 
 
 notary : scrlba (any ftublic clerk or 
 .icribe) .- Cic. ; Hor. (Notarius = short- 
 hand writer.) 
 
 notation : notatio (marking) : Cic. 
 
 notch (subs.) : incisura (an inci- 
 sion): Col. 12, 54, init. So incidgre, to 
 make a n. or incision: ib. (Accidere, 
 to cut partly or nearly through : Caes. 
 B. G. 6, 17.) 
 
 notch (''•)•■ (serratiml incido, scindo, 
 } : v. to cut ; and cf. loll. art. 
 
 notched (pa^'t. adj.): serratus: Plin. 
 2;, 8, 46 (s. folia) lac. Also serratim 
 scissus, Apul. Herb. (s. scissa folia). 
 
 note (subs.): |. A mark: nota: 
 
 V.MARK. II, Amemnrandum: Phr.: 
 to take n.s of all proceedings, conficere 
 commentarios omnium rerum, Cic. Fam. 
 5, 12, extr.: to make n. of, in commen- 
 tarios, pugillares referre(v. note-book): 
 to take n.s of a book while reading, 
 (librum) enotare, Plin. Ep. i, 6, i; 
 = librum adnotare atque excerpere, ib. 
 J, 5, 10. Ill, Critical OT explanatory : 
 1. adnotatio : Plin Ep. 7, 20. 2 
 (nunc a te librum meum lum adnota- 
 tionibus exspecto). Z^mui , adnotatiun- 
 cula (a brief OT unimportant «.), Gell. 
 19, 7, fin. Adnotatio is freq. used as 
 collect, subs. : to illustrate an author 
 with n.s throughout, librum perpetua 
 adnotationeillustrare, Forb. 2. *n6tae, 
 arum (not class., but freely used by mo» 
 dern Latinists : in pi. only) ; to illus- 
 trate an author by very learned n.s, 
 scriptorem notis eruditionis accuratae 
 plenissimis illustrare, Em. in Kr. : 
 Burm. : Gierig, etc. (N.B. — Adnotatio 
 is, however, preferable.) IHmin. notOr
 
 NOTE 
 
 lae, fhort or u-niviportant n.s; Wytt«iib. 
 in Kr. 7>» add n.s to an author, (libruni) 
 adnoUire, I'iiii. Kp. ■;, 20. i ; iiiterprt-tari 
 ()■/' the 1I.S art rxjilanatdrii), Uroil. 
 (N.U.- Nul siliolioii; wIjkIi is applied 
 Bpcfially tAj llieno/fji uj Oik ancient com- 
 mentators rm (ireek aathurs.) |V. -^ 
 tkoi t IMtr : codicillt, oriini Cic. y. Kr. 
 I, II, init.: Mill. Kp. 6, 16, 8 (= llt- 
 tcrue ruptiiu scripUe, GitT. aii 1.) : rt- 
 minded hij a n. (tif incitatiim), per cixli- 
 cillc* uliii.Jiiilus, id. j, 18,4. I'hr. ; 1 
 
 yvrite lUis brief n hoc lilterulunim 
 
 e.\aravi, Cic. Alt. I2, i.ii'il. See also 
 MNK (VI.). V. -l/w.^icaJ symbol : *tiota 
 niusica, soiii sisniiiii (Kr.): to sing or 
 play/rom »/., *c.\ notis nius'.iis caiure. 
 If tlie sounds reprisimle/i by the n s be 
 meant, stiiii, orum : yuint. 11, J, 42 
 (niediisoiii = </icmi<WI«H.s). VI. ''''''« 
 natui aJ vocol txp. naui/n (uf birds) ; vox 
 I'lin. 10, 19,41 . Ov. VII. Commercial, 
 note 11/ hand: cliirograplium (a signed 
 bond) : Siu't. Cues, l^ Jiiv. i j, i f,. 
 
 note (''•) •■ I. To remark, observe : 
 ndto, I : V. Ti> UKMAUK, OIlSKn\ K. II. 
 
 To mark icith a stigma: noto, I : Cic. 
 
 Hor. : V. TO BRAND.' STIGMATIZE. |||. 
 
 To jot doi'n: 1. enOto, i (to tah 
 notiis and make extracts from books) : 
 Plin. Kp. 1,6, I : ib. 6, l6, 10. 2. 
 adiioto, I (psp. to 71. down observations 
 upon a Ixxik) ■ a book n ould be read ; 
 he would n. doi'n (• hat struck him),and 
 take extrcuts, liber l.gebatur ; adnotabat 
 excerpebaique, I'lin. Kp. }, 5. 10 Ai>o 
 In wilier s>iise, to n. down what. "Art?, 
 and to whom o«€ pays, adn. quid et 
 quando et cui des. Col. I2, ?, ad init. 
 (Noto in this scjise lacks amlioriiy.) 
 
 note-book: 1. piigiUans. inm (s- . 
 tabulae, codicilli : a sort of pich-t n. Jw 
 jotting doii n in) : pmcil and n., stilus el 
 p., Flin. Kp. 1 . 6, I : cf. ib. I, 22, 1 1, lilwUi 
 et puRillarcs. I.e. library and n. : to lie 
 for ecer busi/ nith one's v.. semper 
 riibro et] pugillaribus imniinere, SJen. 
 Ep. 15, 5 : I'lin. maj. 2. comnienta- 
 rius (of a tnore lormal and systeniatii: 
 kind; also indicating t/ie contents rather 
 than the taJMs on irhich they were 
 written : cf. siipr.) .■ he left me 160 n.s 
 full of extracts, riectuiuin coninienta- 
 rios CLX. mibi reliquit, Plin. Kp. ?, 5, 
 f) : to enter in a n., in cotumentarlos 
 referre. cl. Si.ct. Aug. 64. 3. perh. 
 adversaria, orum, n. (a kind if day- 
 book or jou>7ial kept by men of business, 
 from which tlit hdger [cvdex acccptl et 
 expensil n as prepared) : Cic-. K. Com. 2. 
 noted (a<y)- 1. nobilis, e (in 
 
 good sense): u great and n. rhetoriiian , 
 mapnus et n. iheior. Cic. Inv. 2, 2,fin. : 
 Corinth n. for brass, nobilis aere t"o- 
 Tinthus, Ov. M '•, 4i6: Hor. : Kiv. v. 
 FAMOUS. 2 insignis, e (in good or 
 
 bad sense) : a man n. for every kind of 
 vilrness, homo insignis omnibus turpi- 
 tudinis notis, Cic. Riib. pen!. 9. 24: 
 Hor. 3. Insigniius (like pieced., but 
 
 not in this sense in Cic.) : n. infamy, 
 i. flagitium, Tac. A. 4, 51. See also 
 
 CELF.BRATKD. 
 
 note-worthy : nfitandus, nStabJlis : 
 V. RKMARKABLK. Join: rara et not*i- 
 bilis [res], Plin. Kp. "j, 6, init. 
 
 nothing : I, yim-'^xistence, no- 
 
 being, nonnitity : niliilum: to be cre- 
 ated out of );., d^' n creari, Bigni. fieri, 
 Lucr. I, i^^.sqq. : to reduce things to n., 
 ad n. iiiterlmere res, ib. 217 : to spring 
 from n. or return to n., ex n. oriri aut 
 in iiihilum occiilere, Cic !>iv. 2, 16, fin. 
 (the u^e of nil in this sense, Kiicr. i, 
 167, ad nil revncari, is ixc piionnl. and 
 not to be iniitat<d) to valn^ at n. (at- 
 tach no value at all to), nihili facere, 
 pendere, PI. : Ter. : v. to valur || 
 
 NOTICE 
 
 NOTORIOUS 
 
 Sen. 6 : freq. used with ref. to persons : 
 n. so pitiable as tlie wretched man who 
 was otice tiappy. 11 lam mis^rabile quam 
 ex beaio uii&er, Cic. Part. Or. !•;, in it. 
 Str'-ngtheiie.l by quioiuam : n. uhalKi-er 
 l.itat is excellent, 11. quicquam egreKiuni, 
 id. lie Ur. I, jo, 1 $4. .Sothmg but, n else 
 than, n. nisi, IVr. Ad }, }, 45; n. 
 aliud nisi, Cic. Am. 27, init. ; 11. praif-r, 
 id. Kani. 4, 7. Note also the full. phr. : 
 it is n. to as, n. ad iios, id. in Pis. 28, 
 68 : «. m comparison with . . . , n. ad . . , 
 id. de Or. 2, 6. ^5 : / have n.to do with 
 i/ou, tecum n. rei nobis est, Ter. Ph. 2, 
 {, 74. (N.B. -For the u.se of nulla res, 
 as the iiiti' cted form, cl. Nep. Reg. 2, 
 nullius rei [iwt nihlli] cupidus. nisi im- 
 perii, mvelous of n. but empire : Cic. 
 lir. 59, fin., nulla ro una oratorem 
 magis conimendari. . ., by nothing what- 
 ever, j/O single thing. Thin lorm may 
 also be used for emphasis instead ot 
 nihil: cf. Lucr. I. 151, nullum rem e 
 nihilo gigiii divinitus unquam.) 2. 
 (in imperative sentences, or after a verb 
 of askiiii , commanding, striving, etc.). 
 ne qiiidi ui ne quid: n. in excess! ne 
 quid nimis! Ter. Andr. I, i, ?4: (we 
 must arouse our diligence) so that ne 
 may do n. heedlessly, ut ne quid incon- 
 .-.iderate apanius, Cic. Off. I, 29, lo?: 
 St rengi honed by prorsus ut prorsu> ne 
 quid ignorem, may abi^olulely be igno- 
 rant of nothing. (N.B.— Jn nen. and 
 dal., rei must be added : I will strive to 
 be Jorgetful of n., *enitar ne ciijus rei 
 imnienior es.se videar. Ne cujiis = o/" 
 no person.) Phr.: t/ood /or n., nequani 
 
 (v. <,OOD-FOR-NOTHING) ; 71. but(=shea-, 
 
 unqualified), mgrus: he speaks of n. Init 
 var, meruin bellum loquitur, Cic. Att. 
 9. I !, fin. 
 
 nothingness : nihiium : v. ^oTHING 
 
 notice {subs.) ■. \. Heed, observa- 
 tion : usu. expr. by verb : (i). to take 
 n. of anything, animadverto, ti, sum, 
 J : a little before tlve third watch it n as 
 n.d thnt. . ., paulo ante tertiam vigiliam 
 animadversum est (with ace. and "'/.), 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 24 : Cic. (v. to rkmabk, 
 observe): worthy 0/ n., notandus, nota- 
 bilis (V. remarkable). See al.so ob.-ek- 
 vatiov. (ii) to attract n., conspicior, 
 spectus, } : his horses and armour at- 
 ti acted n., equi atqiie arma conspicie- 
 bantur, Liv. 21,4: to attract apecial n., 
 maxime ci^nspici, ib. 5, 2}. med. : Sail.: 
 Hor. (iii). to escupen.: (1). fallo, fc- 
 felli, falsuni, ? (with ace): .'O silently 
 thai theyescap'd the v. of the sentintls, 
 tanto siientio ut cusiodes fallerent. l.iv. 
 5, 47, med. : Hor. : also ahsol., a spy 
 nho lia<l escaped n.for too j/ears, specu- 
 lator qui bicnnitim fefellerat, ib. 22. JJ, 
 init. Also iiiipers. : non me fallit. it 
 dois not escape my n. : foil, by a£C. and 
 inf., Ter. Heaut. }, 2, ? ; Caes. (2). 
 fiigio, lugi, fugiium, j (not with pers. 
 sul'ject; but with ref. to facts or prin- 
 ciples whi'h are not discerned) : what 
 escaped the n. of l.ycurgus, quod fugit 
 Lycurgum, Cic. Kep. 2, 12 : this advan- 
 tage can escape no one's n., ncminem 
 haec utilitas f. potest, tjuini. 2, 5. 17. 
 Impers. non me fugit, it does not escape 
 my 71. (or knonledtje) : Cic. (3). lateo, 2 
 (v. hidden, to be) : a crime may esiape 
 n. among so many enormities, scelus 1. 
 inter tot flagitia (potest), Cic. H. Am. 
 40, 118. Im/eis. non me latet, it dues 
 not escape my n. : or with non-pers. 
 subject, as res Kunienem non latiiit, did 
 not escape AisTi., Just, i}, 8, 7n«d. (late). 
 II Animadvrsion, censure: nOiatio. 
 animadvcrsio ( the former, esp. of the ani- 
 madversion of censors ; the latter olt. 
 = punishment) : cf. Cic. Clu. 46, 128. 
 Not anything : \. nihil, contr. nil, \ So to lake n. of an offence (punish it), 
 inded.n.: with nulla res to supply its i animadvertere. ib. |||, Notification : 
 place where an iiifl>ited lorm is re- j \, nim:iatii> {in mdinary tmsinrss 
 
 quired, or after a pnpositiun (concerning [afTaiis): Ulp. Dig. 4?. 2?, i ^ 12. 2. 
 nihili, nihilo, v. supr.) : that n. can be denuntiatio {the foi mal giring of n. ; 
 created out of n., nil posse creari de ! esp. ih the nay of menace or of war) : 
 nihilo, Lucr. i, 157: 71. i.v better than > n-ill he obey this n.f huic d illepareat.' 
 o^'icidCurf, nihil (the lorni alwavs used | Cic. Ph. 6, }, 5 : l.iv. : v. dkclaration. 
 by Cic. in pios>) est agriculiura melius, I 3. rfnuniiiitio : Ulp. Dig. 17. 2. 6}, 
 Olc. Off. 1.42. ^n • to itoTi., n. agere.Cic. iextr.(n. of dissolution of partnership). 
 
 4. iroscripiio {putjiic mitten n); 
 Cic. yuiut. 18, ?6. 5. promulgatio 
 
 {of laws Jiruposeil): id. Ph. I, 10, 2J. 
 
 6. titulu> {the bill containing a n.): 
 he read the n. (of laU). t. legii, Plin. 
 Kp. 7, 27, 7. Olt. expr. by verb: to giie 
 ( /'i/iia/) 71. ol anvtiiinc (I), di'iiiiniio, 
 I (cf. tupr. 111., 2): to gii>e formal n. of 
 war, lielliiin d., Cic. Fam. 12, 24: more 
 fully, bellum denuntiare aKpie iudicere, 
 ill. Kep. 2, 17 : 71. was given, d'lmiitia- 
 tum est, id. Off. }, 16, 66 IblL by ut 
 auil subj. to give any one (authorita- 
 tive) 71. to quit a place, d. alicui ut ex- 
 tedal, Caes. B. C 2, 20. 21< give n. be- 
 t'welianU. prainuniio, l : Caes. : Nep. : 
 V. TO ANKoiNcE. (2.) proscribo. psi, 
 ptum, J (publicly and in u-riling): he 
 caused a 71. to be published even ut fYnr- 
 miae, etiam Forniiis prosciibi Jussit (TolL 
 liy ace. and 171/.). Cic. Ait. 9, 17. oft, 
 =; to give n. of laJe. id. Off. }, 16, 66. 
 (3). prOmulgo, I (the usual term lor 
 giving due n. f// a pi<.po5*il law); to 
 draw up a law and give publi- n. of 
 it. legem scribere atque pr.. Id. Verr. 5, 
 
 6<y, l"77. 
 
 notice (f.)' anTmadverto. ti, sum, j: 
 CSc. ; Caes. : v. to note, remark. Expr. 
 I did not n.. me fugit, fefelUi : v. notice, 
 subs. (I., iii.). 
 
 noticeable : nOtabilis, insignis : v. 
 
 RKJIARKABJ.K. 
 
 notification : denuntiaiio, renunii- 
 atio, etc. : V. notice (III ). 
 
 noti& : dcnuntio, etc. : V. noticb 
 (111.). 
 
 notion : 1, notio (a general con- 
 ception of anything) : Tior dZes any other 
 71. underlie this word, nee ulla alia n. 
 huic vei Ix) subjecia est, CSc. Tusc. 5. 10, 
 29 : in phil. sense = Gk. ei/fota . v. iDi.A 
 (11., 1). 2. notitia (like preced., but 
 
 Usu. rather more definite): elementary 
 n.s of the greatest things, n. parvae 
 rerum maxjmarum, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 6o: 
 also used = ( j k. €i/ioio, id. Ac. 2, 10, jo. 
 
 3. anticipatio (only as phil. t. t. 
 = Gk. 7rpoAr)(j!<«) : v. rNNATE (idea). 
 
 4. suspicio (a mere faint n.) -. nut 
 the faintest n. of gods, nulla s. deorum, 
 (2ic. N. D. I, 2j, 62. See also idea, U. 
 (throughout). (N.B.— Very ofL expr. 
 by verb: to have right ns about any- 
 thing, *aliquam rem recte inielligere, 
 penitus perspectam habere ; alicujiis rei 
 natiiram beneaiiimo[cceitatione,mente] 
 comprehendere, complecti to hnre n rang 
 n.s about anything, de aliqua re pra\e 
 sentire : v. to inder-stand, compre- 
 hend; MISUNDERSTAND.) 
 
 notoriety : 'ania (repute, good or 
 bad; usu. good), infaniia (ill-iepute) : 
 V. FAME, rsFAMY. P li r. : to have a 
 bad 71., flagrare rumore malo, Hor. S. 1, 
 
 4. > 5- 
 notorious: I. Tr.» A.-no"7i: 1. 
 
 notii> (uinnihus): Join: (res) nota et 
 manifesta omnibus, Cic. Verr }. s8. t <4 
 (V. in/r. 3). 2, vulgiiius ((/fii'TiiHy 
 
 known) : Ov. M. 4, 276 (\ ulgatos pus- 
 toris amores). .*-'treni;thened, pervulga- 
 tiis : Cic. 3. illiistris, e (clear as 
 
 daylight, undeniable): Join: illuslre 
 notumque omnibus (factum), Cic. Virr. 
 
 5. > J. ?4 ; [quae sunt] lesiata et illus- 
 tria, id. Kam. 11, z-j, med. 4. ni&nl- 
 festus: V. MAMFF.sT Jt is 71., may be 
 expr. by neminem fugit (v. notice, 1, 
 iii.); (omnibus) patet, Cic. Mil. 6, 15. 
 
 II, Hiiving a bad nntoritty : 1. 
 notus: (a woman) not only famous but 
 71., non solum nobilis sed etiam n., Cic. 
 Coel. IJ, M. (Infrrq. in this sense) 
 
 2. infamis. e ^stronger than Kng.): 
 71. for every kind of infamy, orani de- 
 decore inf., Cic. Clu. 47, l?o: Tac. : v. 
 infamous. 3. famosus (in gfHid or 
 bad sense ; but more frcq. bad) : (a 
 woman) n. as a poisoner, veneficils f«- 
 mosa, Tac. A. !, 7 : Hor. 4, nObDis, 
 e (le.ss Ireq. in this s-n.-e) the n. buU 
 of Phalans. illo n. taurug, quem Ph. 
 habuisse dicitur, Cic. Verr. 4. i !. ^n. ; 
 a n. harlot, n. scortum, Liv. {9. 9, med 
 
 5. insignis (marked in ann way, 
 for good or evil) ; n. for every specie* 
 of vileness. omni genere turp'tudinis i. 
 503
 
 NOTORI O USL Y 
 
 NOW 
 
 N TT D I T V 
 
 Cic. Rab. perd. 9, init. : cf. Hot. S. 2, I, 
 46, insignis tola cantabitur urbe : Caes. 
 To render n., uobilitare (rare in this 
 sense), Ter Eun. 5, 7, 20. (N.B. — Notus, 
 nobilis, nobiliio, and insignis can be 
 used in bad sense only when the con- 
 text so determines their application: cf. 
 11. cc.) 
 
 notoriously : insignite : Cic. Quint. 
 2}, 7?. Usu. better cxpr. by adj. or 
 verb: he .'OS n. licentious, *libidiniini 
 infamiaflagrabat;omiii libidinumgenere 
 insignis erat: that is n. false, *quae 
 falsa esse omnibus patet, neminem oni- 
 lium lugit. V. NOTOKIOUS, notokietv. 
 
 notoriousness : ^'- notowktv. 
 
 notwithstanding: |. As adv. 
 or coLJ. : uibilominus ; attanien, tamen : 
 for syn. v. nkvertheless. ||. As 
 
 prep. : 1, expr. by invitus in agr. 
 with subs. (abl. al)sol. constr.) : gods 
 and men n. (Jn spite of them), diis 
 homiuibusque invitis, Cic. Q. Fr. }, 2, 
 Tned. : V. SPITE of (in). 2, expr. by 
 various participles in sim. constr. : it. 
 the auspices, *neglectis auspiciis: n. the 
 beauty of his oun wife, *spreta pulchri- 
 tudine uxoris suae propriae (v. to dis- 
 regard, despise). 3. form a depend, 
 sent, with etianisi, tametsi, quum : v. 
 
 ALTHOUGH, NEVERTHELK5S. 
 
 nought : v. naught. 
 
 noun: nomen, inis, n.: Quint, i, 4, 
 18 : n.s proper and coramon, n. propria, 
 appellativa, Charis. 2, 2, p. 124: Prise. 
 2, 5- 
 
 nourish: 1. nutrio, i (strictly, 
 as a mother does an infant; also in 
 wider sense) : whom the she-wolf n.'s, 
 quos n. lupa, Ov. F. 2, 415 (v. to 
 SUCKLE): the earth n.'s plants, lena 
 herbas n , id. R. Am. 45. F i g , of men- 
 tal narture, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 2;. Comps. 
 innutrio, 4 (to n. in something: v. to 
 KUBTURe) ; eimtrio, 4 (to n. up, rear : 
 rare) : Ov. M. 4, 289 : Plin. 2. alo, 
 ui, itum and turn, j (in wider sense ; to 
 furnish vilh food or aliment of any 
 kind ; to bring up, rear) : to n. horses, 
 equos a., Ter. (v. to keep, IV.) : Liv. 
 Esp. fig.: honour n.'s the arts, honor a. 
 artes, Cic. Tusc. I, 2, 4: these studies n. 
 youth, haec studia adolescentiara a., id. 
 Arcli. 7, 16. See also to support. 
 
 nourisher : 1, aitor, /. trix : 
 
 rearer and n. of all things (the uni- 
 verse), omnium rerum educator et a., 
 Cic. N. D. 2, J4, init. : ib. Fl. 26, 62 
 (eorum [Atheniensium] terra parens, 
 altrix, patria). 2. niitrTtor (rare) : 
 Stat. 
 
 nourishing (.a'lj-) •• 1. valens, ntis 
 (o\food) : Gels. 2, 18, init. : where he de- 
 fines the term thus, valentissimnm dice 
 in quo plurimum alimenti est. As opp. 
 to valens, Cels. uses, imbecillus, infirmus 
 (nnt TO., in any considerable degree) -. 
 for valens, he also uses firmus (10 avoid 
 repetition), 1. c. : Varr. 2. expr. by 
 
 clbus, alimentum : very n., not at all 
 71., maximi, minimi cibi, Varr. R. R. 2, 
 11; in quo plurimum, minimum ali- 
 menti est, Cels. I. c. 3. alibllis, e : 
 Varr. I. c. 4. nutritorius (late and 
 rare) ; I'heod. Prise. 
 
 nourishment: I. ^<:t of nour- 
 ithing: expr. by ger. or other part of 
 verb; v. to nourish. ||, That nhich 
 nourishes : 1. alimentum : to need 
 "bodily n., corporis allmenta desiderare. 
 Cic. Tim. 6: esp. to denote tlie nourish- 
 ing element in food: Cels. 2, 18: v. 
 nourishing (1). 2. clbus (to be used 
 ■when n. simply = food, q. v.) : having 
 very little n. in it, minimi cibi, Varr. 
 2, II. 3. nutrimentum (rare) : Plin. 
 (Several times in Suet. = rearing, early 
 life.) 
 
 novel yulj.) .■ n5vus : a n. and un- 
 heard of charge, n. crimen et Qante hunc 
 diem] inaudilum, Cic. Leg. init. : in 
 ■such a n. state of affairs, tam n. rebus, 
 id. Fam. 7, 18, extr. See also strange, 
 
 NEW. 
 
 novel (subs.) : •historia commenticia : 
 
 T. FICTITIOU.S. 
 
 novelist: *historiaruin commentici- 
 srum scriptor. 
 504 
 
 novelty : 1. nSvTtas (neiuness, 
 
 stran4feness) : to please by mere n., ipsa 
 n. delectare. Quint. 9, 2, 66 : Cic. 2. 
 
 expr. by novus (esp. when novelty = a 
 new thing) : no to., nihil novi, Cic. Kep. i, 
 14, mti. (but novae res \xsa. =. political 
 cluinge, revolution) : to be charmed only 
 by n.s, nulla nisi n. re commoveri, Auct. 
 Her. J, 22, 35 : striking n.s, res insignes 
 et, n., ib. 3. insolentia (as opp. to 
 
 the idea of being used to anything) : n. 
 of language, ins. verborum, Cic. de Or. 
 3, li, 5° 
 
 November : mensis Novembris or 
 -ber: Col.: Pall, (title of Bk. XI., No- 
 vember : but in the text mensis is regu- 
 larly expressed). On the jst of jV., Kal. 
 Novembribus, Col. 
 
 novice : 1. tiro, onis, m. (prop, a 
 new soldier : but used fig. for a beginner 
 in anything) : a n. at the bar, usu 
 forensi atque exercitatione t., Cic. Div. 
 Verr. 15, 47 ; t. in foro, Quint. 2. 10, 9. 
 Dimin., tirunculus: Juv. 11, 14J ; fern., 
 tiruncula, Hier. 2. novicius, -tius 
 
 (as subs. usu. := a new slave) : Quint. 8, 
 2, 8 : Juv. J, 265 (= new-comer). A n. 
 in a monastery, (monachus) novitius, 
 (monacha) novitia (Kr.). 3. expr. 
 
 by riidis e (untrained, uncultivateA) : 
 cf. Cic. N. D. J, J, 7, rudis et integer 
 discipulus; tironem ac rudem esse in 
 aliqua re, id. de Or. i, 50, extr. 
 
 novitiate ; *tirocInium monasticum : 
 Bau. (in Kr.). 
 
 now: I. At the present time : 1. 
 nunc: pass. 2. jam (denoting em- 
 phasis and urgency : now, without fur- 
 ther delay) : I want (the money) now .' — 
 Tbu shall have it now (directly), jam 
 opus est — Jam feres, Ter. Ph. j, j, 26. 
 Strengthened by tandem=rio"' at length, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 61. Jam and nunc are 
 often combined = even now : I even nmr 
 (in anticipation) fear, jam nunc timen. 
 Civ. Div. Verr. ij, 42. Also jam is 
 sometimes repeated tor emphasis : cf 
 Cic. Ph. 2. J4, 87, jam jam minime miror, 
 i. e. now I no longer wonder: so, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 701, jam jam nulla mora est. 
 3. hudie (in the pi-esent day) : cf. Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 2, An., omnes qui turn eos agros, 
 ubi hodie est haec urbs. etc. : Tac. So 
 in praesenti (less good impraesentiarum), 
 at present : Cic. ; Nep. : v. present. (In 
 pTaesens=: for the present.) ||, As 
 
 correl., now. . . .non- : 1. m6do. . . . 
 mOdo : (to say) n. this. n. that, m. hue, 
 m. illud dicere. Cic. X. D. i, 18, 47: 
 step n. quiclr, n. .t/oc, citus m., m. tardus 
 incessus. Sail. Cat. 15. Instead of the 
 second modo occurs, iiiterdum. Sail. Juk. 
 62; aliquando, Tac. A. i, 81. 2. 
 
 nunc. . . .imnc : n. on this side, n. 
 
 on that, n. hac parte, n. iliac, Liv. J4, 
 I!, init.: Virg.: Curt. 3. alias in 
 
 connexion with alius, aliter: n. one way, 
 TO. another, alias aliter. Cic. Inv. 2, ij, 
 4;. (For which alio tempore may be 
 used.) Ill, As particle of transition: 
 1. nunc (indicating the matter that 
 comes immediately after) : to. / u-ill re- 
 phi to your Utters, n. rcspondebo ad epis- 
 tolas tuas, Cic. Q. Fr. i, i, 2 : let us n. 
 look at what is more recondite, n. inte- 
 riora videamus, id. Div. 2, 60, init. : but 
 nunc is rarely so used as to depart en- 
 tirely from its proper sense as an adv. 
 of time : the foil, is an example of its 
 doing so • to., 7 should wish you to under- 
 stand, n. velim tibi persuadeas..., id. 
 Fam. i;, 4, 2. Note also the phr. age 
 nunc, come now! in calling attention to 
 what follows. (N.B. — Nunc vero is not 
 used merely by way of transition : cf. 
 Cic. Cat. I, 7, init., nunc vero quae lua 
 e^t ista vita? i. e. at this very time, ete. : 
 ib. Verr. 5, 67, nunc vero, qu\im tibi 
 loquar. . ., i. e. but at the present time : 
 et pass. 2. jam (implying not me) e/// 
 a transition of thought, but one in which 
 what follows is to be emphasised) : n. 
 you are all pretty well aware of this. 
 Jam hoc fere scitis omnes, Cic. Clu. 16. 
 46: cf. id. Man. 14, .^^. jam quantum 
 coiisilio valeat, vos, Quirites, etc. : ib. 
 jHiido infr., humanitate jam tanta est 
 .... (:^now, o.-, and then): also CUi. 
 
 I J. j6, jam, ut Romae vixerint, note, houi 
 they lived at Rome, etc. 3. autem 
 (esp. in arguments, to indicate the steps 
 by which a conclusion is reached : never 
 the first word in a sentence) • cf. Cic. 
 lop. 14, 56, aut hoc. aut illud; hoc 
 autem : non igitur illud, it is either this 
 or that : TO., it is this ; therefore it is not 
 that : also in the turns of a narrative ; 
 cf. Cic. Clu. li, J7, Asinius autem brevi 
 illo tempore, occiditur, i. e. now, Asinius 
 shortly afterwards, etc. : v. moreover, 
 but. 4. sed (usu. denoting a greater 
 transition than autem : freq. in Sail.) 
 cf. Sail. Cat. 2J, ittit., sed in his erat 
 Sempronia, n., among these, etc. : also ib. 
 41, init. ; 4}, med. 5, quidem, or, with 
 I pers. sing, and ^Z., cquidem (=ti is 
 true, no doubt ; ami indicating a counter 
 consideration to follow) : n.,for my part, 
 I am, of this opinion . . .,but., ., equidem 
 ego sic existimo..., sed..., Sail. Cat. 
 5 1 , od med. : ib. paulo infr., de poena 
 possumus equidem dicere...: sed, per 
 deos immortales 1 . . . , to., it is true, we 
 might say, etc. : v. indeed. 6. stronger 
 than quidem, and usu. denoting contrast 
 with something before, vero (never first 
 in a sentence): cf. Liv. 26, 11, med., id 
 vero adeo superbum atque indignum 
 visum, TO., this (really) seemed so insult- 
 ing, etc. : also in exhortation and calling 
 attention, age vero ! comen. ! Cic. Man. 
 14. 40. 7. only as enclit., dum (in 
 calling attention): Hosia, come n.l I 
 want a word with you. Sosia adesdum ! 
 paucis te volo, Ter. Andr. 1, i, 2: esp. 
 with age: come n.l explain this to me, 
 agedum I hoc mihi expedi, Ter. Kun. 4, 
 4, 27 : Cic. 8. porro: esp. in phr., age 
 porro ! come to. .' (to call attention) : Cic. 
 Verr. 5,22, iflii. 9, tandem : v. pray. 
 now and then: aliquando, nonnun- 
 quam, sibinde (—from time to time): 
 
 V. SOMETIMES, OCCA.SIONALl,Y. 
 
 nowadays: Phr.: people «., nunc 
 homines, qui nunc sunt homines : dmi't 
 you see the ways of people to. ' non tu 
 nunc hominum mores vides? PI. Pers. 
 J, I, 57 : the full form occurs Cic. Q. Fr. 
 I, 1, 15, judicia qui nunc sunt hominum, 
 the opinions of people n. (in comparison 
 with the future). 
 
 no-ways : v. nowise. 
 
 nowhere : 1. nusquam . opp. to 
 uspiam, Cic. Leg. I, 15, 42 strength- 
 ened, n. gentium (n. in the tvorld, n. at 
 all), Ter. Ad. 4, 2, i : n. else, n. alibi, 
 Cic. Ac. 2, J2, loj. 2. expr. by 
 
 usquam with a negative : who had n. to 
 set his foot, cui nuUus esset usquam 
 locus consistendi. Cic. Fl. 21, 50- so, 
 and...n., nee usquam. Quint 10, 7,6. 
 (N.B. — This constr. nnist be used after 
 verbs of commanding, advising, etc. : 1 
 strongly advise you n. to set foot in 
 Italy, *magnopere te hortor, ne in Italia 
 usquam [not, ut nusquam] consistas : v. 
 THAT, conj.) 3. nullo in loco Tursell. ■ 
 Forcell. (s. v. nusquam) : or without in, 
 nullo loco, Kr. (e Cic.) : cf Madv. L. U 
 5 27J, b. (N.B.— Nullibi in Vitr 7 i, 
 4, belongs to a clause marked as inter- 
 polated by Schneider.) 
 
 nowise : haudquaquam, iientiqnam, 
 etc. : V. MEANS ( by no). More em- 
 phatically, * nulla ne minima quidem 
 parte (with compar.). 
 
 noxious : niicens, noxins, etc.. v 
 INJURIOUS. N (poisoyious) plants, ina}& 
 gramina, Virg. Aen. 2. 471. 
 
 noxiousness : v- injuriousness. 
 
 nozzle ; (f o, vessel, niisus Juv, 5, 
 47 : Mart. 
 
 nude : niidus ; a n. statue, siguum n, 
 Plin. Ep. J, 6. 2 : v. naked. 
 
 nudge ("•) •■ fodico, I : to n. any one 
 in the ribs, (alicui) f. latus, Hor. Kp. I, 
 6, 51. In same sense f3dio, } : Ter. 
 Hec. ;, 5, 17. 
 
 nudity; e-^pr by nudus (nuditas, in 
 Quint. 10, 2, 2J, is prob. f. 1.) =:; ift a 
 state of n., Juv. I, 84 v. naked. Phr.- 
 they live in almost complete n., (max- 
 ima) est pars corporis aperta, Caes. B. G. 
 4. I , extr. : to exh ibit the person in a 
 ■•itate if n., nudare Inter elves corpora, 
 Klin, in Cic. Tusc. 4, jj, 70.
 
 NUG ATO R T 
 
 NUMISMATICS 
 
 NURSE 
 
 nuratory: 1. nugatorius (tri/Zin^, 
 worthless, futile : rare) : .Join: (res) 
 Intirma atq'ie nugatoria(ad probandum), 
 Cic. (JafC. 2J. 64. 2. usu. better expr. 
 bynullus; that argument is altogether 
 n., n. vero id quidi-m argunienmm est, 
 id. Tusc. 2, 5, init. : cf. id. Leg. 2, 6, 
 init., U'gps nullas habere, to look upon 
 them as good for ruithing, nugatory. 
 Comp. Hor. S. 2, j, 6, nil est = the at- 
 tempt is futile, v . 3. fulilis, friv61us: 
 V. FRIVOLODS (11.). 
 
 nugget: niassa, gleba : v. lump. 
 
 nuisance : *quod molestum, iioxivim, 
 PBt ; quod aliciii iiocet, molestiam ex- 
 hibet, afTert : v. injurious, troublk- 
 
 iiOMK; TO :SJURK, TROUBLE. I' 1) r. : I/O" 
 
 are a n. to me! enecas me ! I'l. True, i, 
 2. 2J: Ter. Ph. 2, }, JT.elc.: more lit., 
 odio (al. odiusus) es ! I'l. 1. c. 25 : cf. 
 Ter. Hoc. i. 2, 48, tundendo alque odio, 
 61/ the n. of his divning impartunitii : 
 what a n. it is! quam molestum est! 
 Cic. Att. 8, ?, med. : to keep the city free 
 from n.s. *curare ut cloacae et purgen- 
 tur et reficiatitur . . . atque omnia quae ad 
 salubritiitem civium pertinent: cf. Ulp. 
 Dig. 4!, 2}, I ^ 2 : a public n. (in sani- 
 tary sense], *quod salubritatem civium 
 infestare possit. 
 
 null: irritus (v. VOID); nuUus (v. 
 NUGATOKV, 2). To be Ti. and void, ces- 
 sare (of actions, edicts, euO.), Ulp. Dig- 
 47, 10. fj ^ I : Paul. ib. 
 
 nullify : infirmo, irrittun (quid) facio, 
 etc. . V. TO iN'VALinATE. See also, to 
 
 RKPKAL. 
 
 nullity : expr. by DuUus : v. non- 
 
 ENTITY. 
 
 numb (idj.)." torpens, nti.s (part, of 
 torpeo) : sinea-s n. with cold, I. trigore 
 nervi, Liv. 21, 58, ad fin. : Suet. ( I'or- 
 pidus appears not 10 occur in just this 
 sense.) To be n., torpere: with incept, 
 torpescgre (to grow n.) : Plin. 11, {7, 89 
 (torpescit pars ea corporis). Also, ob- 
 torpesco, torpiii, } (tu be struck n.) : 
 Plin. 9, 42, 67 (of the effect of the 
 torpedo). 
 
 numb ("•) ■• 1. torpgfacio, ; (v. 
 rare): Non. 182, 5. 2. obstupeHlcio, 
 } (v. rare) : n.'d with i-xcess of cold, 
 nimio frigore ohstiipefactus, Val. Max. 
 5. i,exter. i. (Only in p. part, in this 
 sense.) Or expr. by torporem afferre, 
 
 etc. : V. NUMBNESS. 
 
 number (subs.): \. In abstract 
 sense, the category of n. : num6rus : all 
 their towns, ii in v., omnia sua oppida, 
 nnmero ad duodecim, Caes. B. G. I, 5: 
 Cic. ; to count Vie n. (of anything), n. 
 Inire, Caes. B. U. 7, 76 : to state precisely 
 the n. (of the slain), n. subtililer ex- 
 sequi, Liv. j, 5. fin. What 71., such a 
 n., a considerable n., quot, tot, aliquot, 
 indecl.: v. masv. ||, A luimber; as 
 an entity : numenis : the mo.^t perfect 
 n., n. perfectissimus, Sen. Ep. ;8, 28 : 
 Cic. : the n. five, six. seirn, etc., n. quina- 
 rius, senarius, septenarius, etc., Macr. 
 S. Scip. I, 6. The n. one, two, three, etc., 
 monas, dyas, tiias, etc. : Macr. 1. c. : v. 
 ONE, TWO, etc. Ill, In grammar: 
 
 numf rus : Varr. L. L. 9, j), 6j : Prise. 
 Kor Wt« plural n., Varr. 1. c. uses nu- 
 merus multitiidinis; but Humerus plu- 
 ralis is better suited lor ord. use. |V, 
 A large number : 1, multitfido: re- 
 lying on their (superii)r) n.s, multitu- 
 dine freti, Liv. ji, 5. med. : cf. ib. c. 8, 
 init., abBiulabat multitndine hominum 
 Poenus (he hail yreatlythe adrantage in 
 n.«) : V. Mui.TrruDK. 2. expr. byniul- 
 ti, piarimi, ttc. : v. many. 3. copia 
 (ample n., abundjince) : so large a n. 
 (such sttirc) of brave and upright men, 
 virorum fortium atque innnceiilium c. 
 taiito, Cic. Man. 10, init. : there leere a 
 great n. of banditti in that district (nho 
 might be enliste^i), (latronuni) in ea re- 
 gione magna c. erat. Sail. Cat. 28, extr. 
 SeeaUo host (II.). 4. frOquens (with 
 a aillect. subs), frCquentes, lrequenti;i 
 (of people assembled together) : the Senate 
 assembled in large n.s, frequens Senatus 
 convenit, Cia Kam. lo, 12, vwd. : they 
 assemble in very large n.s, t'reiiuentis- 
 (imi conveniunt. Caes. B. G. 4, 1 1 : Liv. : 
 
 a very large n. of people, sumnia homi- 
 num frequenlia, Cic. Verr. 2, 77, 189 
 So, a small n., pauci, ran, paucitas : v. 
 FEW. v. Poetical .- iiunirrus, usu. 
 
 pi.: Cic: Hor.; v. RHiTiiM. M^rrRE. 
 
 number ("■) •• 1. numerum ineo, 
 4, irr. (in precise sense): Caes. B. G. 7, 
 76. 2. numSro, I : tim. many friends, 
 multos n. amicos, Ov. I'r. 1,9, 5: (vete- 
 rans) n.ing thirty campaigns, tricena 
 siipendia numerantes, Tac. A. i. 55. 
 P h r. : to be tt.'d among the justly slain, 
 numerum obtinere Jure caesorum, Cic. 
 Otf. 2, 1 2, 4? ; amimg the goiLi, in deonim 
 numerum referre. Suet. Claud. 4;. That 
 may be easily n.'d, numerabilis, Hor. 
 
 A. P. 206 (populus numerabilis, uipote 
 parvus). See also, to count, recko.s. 
 
 numbering (subs.).- expr. by verb: 
 on wajunt of the n. of the people hg 
 David, ol) iinmeratum a Pavide popu- 
 lum, Vulg. II. Sam. xxiv. fern, ^or, ob 
 numerum populi a D. inittim) : v. to 
 number. Also Caes. has census with 
 ref. to a mere enumeration of people : 
 
 B. G. 1, 29. (Xot nunieratlo.) 
 
 numbering (pa''- aJj)- 1. "u- 
 
 mero ad..., Caes. B. G. i, ;: also the 
 numl)er may be in gen. (L. G. $ 274) : 
 ajleet n. 1000 ships, classis mille nuniero 
 navium. Cic. Verr. 2, i, 18, 48. 2. J"! 
 (amounting to) : we were a full house, 
 n. in all about 200, freriuentes fuimns ; 
 oninino ad ducentos, Cic. Cj. Fr. 2, i, 
 ad init. 
 
 numberless: inniim6rus(esp.poet.): 
 innunieiiibiUs; v. innumerable. 
 
 numbers: ti'i? "'" ^""'^ of 0. T. : 
 
 (liber) Niimeri, onim : Vulg. 
 
 numbing (part, adj.): a n. sensa- 
 tion, torpor : v. NUMBNES.S. 
 
 numbness: torpor: Cels. 2, 8, meJ. 
 (in Cic. .\. I). 2, ;o, extr. =z numbing 
 poieer, belonging to the torpedo): to 
 cause n. (stupefy), I. afferre (corpori), 
 Plin. 20, 21, 84 ^ 22j; t. obducere, id. 
 22, 2;, 71 ; artiis torpore hebetare, Val. 
 Max. J, 8, exu 6. Seized uith (ren- 
 dered senseless by) «., obstiipefactus, 
 torpeiis : v. NUMB (adj.). 
 
 numeral : numcriile (nomen) : Prise. 
 2, 6, p. 77 (Krchl). See also numerical. 
 
 numeration : niimeratio (quam 
 arithmetici dicunt). 
 
 numerator : *numerator (numenis). 
 
 numerical : expr. by numCrus, mul- 
 titfido: n. characters, *numeronim no- 
 tae, signa (Kr.) : to have a n. superiority, 
 numero superare, Liv. 9, J2, Tn^-d. ; mul- 
 titudine abundare (implying very large 
 numbers), ib. 11, 8, init. 
 
 numerically : niimero (abl. of man- 
 ner) : V. pri-ced. art. ; and number (1.1. 
 
 numerous : 1. nnilti, plurimi, 
 
 ae, a: v. manv. 2. creber, bra, brum 
 (with the additional notion of closeness) : 
 very n. buildings, creberrima aedificia, 
 Caes. B. (J. ;, 12 n. stones (enough to 
 make a shower) fell from heaven, c. 
 lapides cecidere coelo, Liv. : v. frequent, 
 cuowDED. 3. frSquens, ntis (of a coH- 
 siderable number of people together : not 
 however, croicded, as crel>er implies) : a 
 large and more n. deputation, major 
 frequentiorque legatio, T>iv. ;, ;, med. : 
 Cic: V. NUMBER (IV. 4). (N.B.— Fre- 
 quens is mostly used of the attendance 
 of respectable or desirable persons : not 
 in bad sense.) 4. expr. by multitfido: 
 V. MULTITUDE. 5. niimgrosus (late ; 
 and in this sense not to be imitated): 
 Tac. : Juv. See also foil. art. P b r. : 
 hefore a n. audience, in (magna) cele- 
 britate audientium, y<iint. i, z, 29. 
 
 numerously: Phr. : a n. attended 
 meeting of the Senate, .Senatus frequens. 
 frequentissimus, Cic Ph. 2, }8, 99 a 
 n. attended banquet, celebre convivium, 
 Tac A. 14, 48 : Cic. (Frequenter in 
 this sense Is rare, but occurs Cic. Att. 
 I, ig, meil., huic/rf(j((enterinterceditur, 
 i. e. he meets u-il'h numerous opponents.) 
 
 numerousness: muuitcido : v. num- 
 ber (IV.). 
 
 numismatics : *doctrlna numi.sma- 
 tuni, Fckh. : 'numismatum cognltio, 
 Wyttenb. (tr.); *res (ratio) numis- 
 matica. 
 
 numismatologist : 'rei nnmisma 
 ticae periius. 
 
 nun : 1. mOnacha • Hier. 2. 
 monastria (common designation in latei 
 I.atin) : to Tnolest n.s or females leading 
 an ascetic life, monastrias vel asceinat 
 inquletare, Aulhenl. ColL 6, 7 (Novell 
 79): ib. 9, 15, 4? (Novell. 12}) where 
 the term ascetria again occurs (si quia 
 corruperit asceiriam aiit diaconissam aut 
 nionastriam, etc.). 3, uoiina (a late 
 
 word, applied, as also masc. nonnus, to 
 piersons of pious life) : Hier. : v. Forcell. 
 s. V. (The tenn nonna was also applied 
 to foster-mothers : Inscr. In Forcell.) 
 Phr.: to become an., vliam moDablican 
 eligere, et Inirare monaslerium, JuaU 
 NoveU. 
 
 nuncio : nuntius, Ifgatus : V. ENVOT. 
 
 nunnery: mdiiastenim- Just. No- 
 vell, pass, (the context deterniiiiiDg 
 whether the monastery is one for the 
 male or the female sex) ; •coenoblum 
 monachariim (Kr.) 
 
 nuptial (O'O.) r nnptialis e: 
 
 Cic: Cat. 2. jfigalis, e (poet.): then, 
 tie, j. vinclum, V'irg. Aen. 4, 16 : n. gijti, 
 }. dona, Ov. M. j, 109 3. genialLs, e: 
 in phr. n. bed, g. lectiis, Cic. (.Uu. 5, 14: 
 Hor.; g. torus, Virg. Aen. 6. 6o}. Spe- 
 cial terms: n. feast, nupliae. anim (v. 
 foil, art.): n. ode or song, hymen, Ov. 
 Her. 12, I J7 ; Hymenaeiis, I'er. Ad. 5, 
 7, 7 : Lucr. : also, epithalamium. Cat. : 
 n.-chamber or bed, thalamus : l*rop. I, 
 15 (7). 14 ■■ Virg. 
 
 nuptials: 1. nnptlae, arum: to 
 
 sup with ony one on the occasion of hit 
 
 n., cum aliquo in ejus n. c-oenare, Cic. 
 
 y. Fr. 2, }, fin.: the word specially 
 
 refers tu feasting at a wedding .- to pre~ 
 
 ,pare the n. (nuptial fea.^t), n. apparare, 
 
 Ter. Ph. 4, 4, 20 ; n. exomare, PI. Aul. 
 
 4, 10, 58. See also marriage. 2. 
 
 Hymenaeua (melon. : being prop, the 
 
 name of the god of marriages: oft. 
 
 plural): to seek forbidden n., inconces- 
 
 sos Hymeuaeos petere, Virg Aen. 1, 
 
 651: inauspicious n., infausti 11., Stat. 
 
 Th. }, 28J. 3. thalamus (meton. : 
 
 lit. bridal bed or chamber) : to break off 
 
 I n. that have been arranged for, thala- 
 
 I mos deserere pactos, Virg. Aen. 10. 649. 
 
 . By Sim. figure, is also used fax, facis./l 
 
 ; (nuptial torch): cf. Ov. M. 7, 49, te face 
 
 j sollenni junget slbi. 
 
 nurse (subs.) : \. a n-oman having 
 the care and nurture of children : _ 1. 
 niitrix, icis (one that gives suck ; a het- 
 nurse) : to employ 7i.s (to suckle) an in- 
 fant, puero nutiic.es adhibere, Gell. 12, 
 "i : Cic. : she-goat, n. of Jove, capra, n. 
 .lovis, Ov. F. 5, 127: Virg. (From 
 t^uint. I, I, 4, it appears that the nuirix 
 had the care of children in infancy 
 generally, as with us.) Dimin., nutri- 
 cula (without diff. of meaning): Suet. 
 Aug. 94, med. : Hor. : n.*' tales, fabulae 
 nutricularum. Quint. 1,9, 2. 2. (?) assa 
 (dry-nurse; a noma n n ho simply takes 
 charge of cAiWren, irithoul giving tA«m 
 suck): Juv. 14, 208 (vetiilae assae, su- 
 perannuated n.s). 3. nutricia (in 
 wider sense, a woman who nurtures 
 and rears) : Hier. Ep. 108 : cf. i--osTEB- 
 FATHER. 4. altri.\. iCis (one who 
 rears) : v. nurturer. Phr.: n.'s nage.s, 
 nutricia, oruni ■ Ulp. Dig. 50. i ?. 14 . 
 as long as cliildren require a n., quoad 
 infantes uberibus aluntur. Dig. 1. c. ||. 
 Fig.: she lluit cherishes, fosters, in any 
 way : 1. altrix : v. surtureb. 2. 
 nutrix : Juba's lami, parched n. of liont, 
 Jubae tellus arida n. leonum. Hor. Od. 
 1, 22, 1;. III. cne irhu attends lo a 
 sick person : expr. by assldeo. 2 : cf. 
 Hor. S. I, I. 8:, haltes" qui a.ssideat, fo- 
 menta paret : v. Tt> nurse (IV.). 
 
 nurse (»■) ■■ I- i^'suckU : nutrio.4: / 
 
 ha ve no doubt she will n . her on-n infant, 
 nihil dubito quin fliium lacte suo nutri- 
 tura sit, Gell. 12. I, init. Phr.- not to 
 n. her ovm infant, puero nutricen: adhi- 
 bere, ib. : to be still nji (not yet u^eanni\ 
 uberibus ali, Ulp. I>ig. 5°. n. 14- II. 
 Tu carry in the arms : 1. gesto, I • 
 cf. Ter. \d. 4, 2. 24. quem ego piieram 
 tantilluui in manibus gestavl nieis. i. e 
 ?o5
 
 NURSERY 
 
 O, OH 
 
 OATH 
 
 n.d or daiidled him, in the arms: cf. 
 I^ct J, 22, ex/r. infantium gestationes, 
 the nursing of babies. 2. f ovt-o. fovi, 
 turn, 2 (itiiWt teniler care and afftctiou) : 
 cf. Aen. I, 718, grfinio f. : v. ti> fdndlk. 
 III. To rear : alo, nutrio : v. to 
 KOURisH, NCRTCRE. |V. To attend to 
 the ivants of an invalid : 1. asMd>"0, 
 sedi se>snin, 2 (wilb dat.) : requiring 
 l<> be siipplenieiited by other and n ore 
 definite e,\prr. : cf. Tac. Agr. 45, assidere 
 valetiidini, fovere deficienteni : Hor. S. 
 I, I, 82, assidere. fomenta parare : also 
 Ov. Her. n^ (2n), uj, nie iniserum, quod 
 uon medicurnni jussa minislro, eflBngo- 
 que nianus, insidew^ue toro. 2. rifl- 
 
 trio, 4 the care of n.irig, cura iiutri- 
 endoruni lorporiim, l.iv. 4, 52 (1 lit this 
 is a rare use ; the word strictly referring 
 to the supply of nutriment : cf. Cels. j, 
 2}, aegrum n. per eos cibos..., etc.). 
 3. peril, f oveo : v. supr. (I.). 
 nursery : I. For children ■ (?) par- 
 Tuloruni di.-ieta {the roum) : Kr. (ex let.). 
 Phr. : physical education Ijegins in the 
 n., corporum educatio a lacte cunisque 
 initium ducit, tjuint. i, i. 21 : there are 
 studies proper to the n., sunt sua etiam 
 int'antiae siudia. cf. Quint. 1. c. : n. tales, 
 nutricura tabulae, cf yiiiiit. i, 9. 2 : to 
 alloir children to spend three yeat s ill the. 
 n., nutricibus trienniuni dare, ib. § 16 : to 
 get beyond the n., and learn in earnest, 
 exire de greniio et discere serio, ib. I, 2, 
 init. : ere he teas well out of the n., 
 *quuni vi,x e cura nutricis exissel; ad- 
 hue infans. ||. For jjlants : 1, 
 
 plantarium : I'liu. 15. 4, 8. 2. semi- 
 narium: Col. 5, 6, init.: Plin. Fig.: 
 the n. of the state (the fntiily), s. rei- 
 publicae, Cic. Off. i, 17, 54: Liv. [||. 
 Fig.: a rearing place : 1. seminar- 
 ium : a n. (hot-bed) of crime, s. scelerum 
 (sc. Bacchanalia, Li v. 59, epit. : Cic: v. 
 supr.,U.). 2. altrix (terra) : v. NUK- 
 
 TURKR. 
 
 nursery-garden : v. NURSERr (II.). 
 
 nursery-gardener: perh. 'planta- 
 rius. 
 
 nursing (subs). : |. Lit.: sup- 
 plying infants from the breast : nutri- 
 catio: Gell. 12, i, init. Or expr. by 
 verb: v. to NURSE (L). ||. Careful 
 
 attention to the sick : nuti iciuni (rare) : 
 through her affectionate, motherly n. I 
 recovered Jrom a long illness, illius pio 
 matemoque n. per longum tempus aeger 
 convalul. Sen. Cons. Helv. i-j, i. Or 
 expr. by circunil. : noth ing is more essen- 
 tial than good n., *nihil aegris magis 
 necessarium. quani ut assideat aliquis et 
 sedulo omnia pra"bi'at quae opus siiit; 
 omnia quae ad valetudinem fovendam 
 pertinent assidue praebeat. 
 
 nursing-mother: nntrlcia: Hier.: 
 
 V. NtJR.SE. 
 
 nursling : 1. alumnus : vliat 
 
 prai/er should the nurse raise for her 
 sur.et n., quid voveat dulci nutricula 
 alumno, Hor. Ep. I, 4, 8 : of the young 
 of cattle, id. Od 3, 18, J: Quint. See 
 also PUFiL. 2. 1 young ;i?an(, planta: 
 to transplant n.s, plantas traiisferre ex 
 semiUMrio, I'lin. 17. 11, 14. Also in pi., 
 plaiitaria, ium : ib 21, 10, 54. 
 
 nurture (subs.) : 1. edacatio 
 
 (bringing Hp of children) : Join: edu- 
 catio et dUciplina, Cic. Leg. ;, ij, 29: 
 V. edhcation. 2. expr. by ediico, 
 ilo, nutrio v. to nurture, educate, 
 JJUKSK. (Nutricatio is sw:klifig : v. 
 
 NTJRSING, 1.) 
 
 nurture (v.) .- 1. ediico, i : n.d 
 in her (veri/) bofom and affectionate 
 care, in hiyus s'liu indulgentiaque edu 
 catus. I'ar. Agr. 4 Cic. : v. to educate 
 2. iiutrio, 4- natural pan ers n.d 
 under a fnvmre:! roof, indoles nutrita 
 ti38tis sub penetralibus, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 
 
 2;. V. TO N(iUKISH. 
 
 nurturer : 1. niitricius: the shep- 
 herd tvlio I' as the n. of Romulus and 
 yCemus pastor. . nutriciusqui Romulum 
 et Remum educavit, Varr. R. R. 2, i, 
 admed.: v. foster-father. 2. riu- 
 tritor; Suet. I ir. 7. 3. altor,/. -trix : 
 he remembered his grandfather I'hra- 
 ates arui n Caesar, I'hraalis avi et altoris 
 506 
 
 Caesaris meniinisse. Tac. A. 6, ?7, Jin. 
 Join educator et altor, Cic. N. |). 2, 
 54, i«i<. Fig.: the land that had been 
 the n. of Ulysses, terra a. Ulixis. V'irg. 
 Aen. ?, 27!. 4. eiliiciiU'r (which may 
 iiii lude intellertital nurture : rare) : Cic, 
 t'l. ;?, 81 Quint. 
 
 nurturing (subs-) •■ v. nurture. 
 
 nut : 'lux niicis, ./'. (generic teim for 
 biith the tree aiul its fruit) : lofting 
 n.s aiout (os n as done at u-eddingx), n. 
 spargnre, Virg K. 8, ?o : a n. nithout a 
 keimel (something of no value), n. cassa, 
 Hor. S. 2, ?, 56. Niix is also used tor 
 the almond tree, Virg. H. i, 187; and 
 nux juglans is the walnut, I'lin. 15,22, 
 24. />!)«'>!., nucula, I'lin. 1. c. Phr.: 
 a n. to crack, nodus (strictl.v, a knot to 
 be U7itied), cf. Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 
 init., ineideramus in difficileni nodum 
 (a hard n. to crack) : cf. Hor. A. P. 191. 
 Also quaesiio nodosa. Macr. S. 7, J, ad 
 fill. Conip. also Hor. S. 2, i, 77, inxidia, 
 Iragili quaerens illidere dentem, q^endei 
 solido. i. e. uillfind me a eery liard nut 
 to ci ack. 
 
 nut-brown : perh. spadix, icis : Virg. 
 
 G. J, 82 Gell. 
 
 nut-crackers : niicifrangibula, orum 
 (coniice) : PI. Bac. 4, 1. 26 (= dentes). 
 
 nut-gall: galla: Plin. 16, 6, 9 : Col. 
 
 nut-hatch: *sitti» K"i""Pi"'a Linn. 
 
 nut-hook : *baculum uncum, s. un- 
 catum ad ranios nucuni depriniendos. 
 
 nutmeg : *myrislica nioschata (the 
 plant) : Cycl. The seed, *nux moschata 
 (Kr.). 
 
 nutriment : alimentum, nutrimen- 
 
 tum, etc. : V. NOURI-SHJIENT. 
 
 nutrition: v. NouRrsHMExr. 
 nutritious : valens, aliUlis, etc. : v. 
 NOURISHING (adj.). 
 
 nutritiousness : expr. by adj. : v. 
 
 NOURISHING. 
 
 nutritive : v. nutritious. 
 
 nutshell: piitamen. inis. n. (shell, 
 husk, etc.) : Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, ?8 : Plin. 15, 
 22,24. As fig. expr. forwhat is worthless, 
 cassa nux: Hor. S. 2, 5, ;6. Phr.: the 
 matter lies in a n., *paucissimis verbis 
 comprehendi res potest ; nihil facilius 
 concludi potest. 
 
 nutting (subs.) ; expr. by niices lego, 
 J : V. to gather (A., 2). 
 
 nut-tree; n"x: Piin. 16, 25, 41. 
 
 nymph : nympha : Virg. : Ov. A 
 uater n., Naias, iidis, Virg. E. 6, 21 : 
 Ov. : also, Na'is. idis and Tdos, Virg. E. 
 10, 10 (also sometimes simply=nympba: 
 cf. Ov. M. I, 690, inter Hamadryadas 
 celeberrima Naias) : a nood n.. I iryas, 
 adis, Virg. G. i, 11 : Ov. : or, Hama- 
 dryas, adis, Virg. E. 10, 62 : Ov. : a 
 mountain n., Oreas, adis, Virg. Aen. I, 
 500. For nymph = girl, use puella : v. 
 
 GIRL, MAIDEN. 
 
 (ho' holla!): oh! that's enough! ohel 
 jam satis est! Hor. S. 1, 5, 12. 4. 
 
 proh, pro (denoting nonder or lamenta- 
 tion : with voc. to denote an appeal ; 
 otherwise with ace.) ■ O ye immortal 
 gods! pro dii immortales! Cic. Man. 12, 
 J ! O Jupiter ! the folly of the man 1 
 pro Jupiter! hominis stultitiam, Ter. 
 Ad. ?, ?, 12. 5. expr. by DO,-, alone 
 
 to denote address ; by ace. alone to de- 
 note surprise, indignation, etc. : thou 
 fostering s'un .' alme Sol ! Hor. Car. 
 Saec. 9 Virg. : O admirable witnesses, 
 testes egregios ! Cic. Coel. 26, 6j : O once 
 happji Roman generals ' beatos quon- 
 dam duces Romanos 1 Tac. A. 11, 20. 
 
 oak : 1. qiiercus, us, /. (generic 
 tenn) : Cic. : Virg. : Ov. : pass. 2. 
 
 aescillus (the tallest species ; winter r/r 
 Italian oak, irith edible acorns) : Virg. G. 
 2. 240. 3. ilP-'<. icis,/. (of tuo kinds, 
 pmb. kermes and holm oak): Virg.: 
 Plin. : v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 4. 
 
 rcbur, oris, n. (usu. denoting the timber 
 of the oak ; but also, a particular, hard- 
 wooded species, and poet. = quercus) : 
 ships built of o. throughout, naves totae 
 factae ex r., Caes. B. G. ?, 15: Cic. : 
 Virg. : concerning the different species of 
 0., V. Plin, 16, 6, 8, sqq. : Ov. 5. cer- 
 rus : Plin. 1. c. : Col. (Quercus cerrus, 
 the Turkey oak, Linn.). 
 
 oak. of ; oaken : 1. qnemus 
 (chiefly poet.) a garland of oak, quema 
 corona, Ov. Tr. j, l, }6: oaken planks, 
 axes q., Vitr. 7, i, 2 : also,, quemeus, 
 Cato : Col. : and querceus, Tac. A. t, 
 8? (querceae coronae). 2. aesciileus 
 (poet.) : oaken garland, aes. frons, Ov. M. 
 r, 449: also aesculinus: Vitr. 7, i, 2 
 (where planks of this kind of oak. axes 
 aesculini, are distinguished from axes 
 querni). 3. ilignus, -eus: oaken legs 
 (of couches), ilignl pedes, I'er. Ad. 4, 2, 
 46 : oak-mast, iligna glans, Plin. 16, 6, 
 8 : Virg. : tenons of holm-oak, subsciides 
 iligneae, Cato R. R. i8,/7i. ; Col. Also, 
 Ulceus (poet.) : Stat. 4. roboreus : 
 
 planks of solid oak, r. axes. Col. 6, 19: 
 Ov. 5. cerreus: Plin.: Col. (N.B. — 
 For distinction of above, v. preced. 
 art.) 
 
 oak-apple : (?) galla : Plln. 16, 7, 10. 
 
 forest : 1. quercetum ; Hor, 
 
 Od. 2,9. 7 : Varr. 2. aesciiletum : 
 
 Hor. Od. I, 22, 14. 3. ilicetum: 
 
 Mart. 12, 18, 20. (For distinction, v. 
 
 0. 
 
 
 
 OH : 1.0: (1). used In address- 
 . ing a deity or (less freq.) any other 
 person (with tw;.): 11 Romulus, 
 Romulus divine ! O Roniule, Romule 
 die ! Enn. : thou light of Dardan 
 land! O lux Dardaniae ! Virg. Aen. 2, 
 281 : my (dear) Fumius .' mi Furni ! 
 Cic. Fain. 10, 16. (ii). in exclamations 
 (nsu. with ace): oh, fine guardian of 
 the sheep ! praeclarum oviuni cus- 
 todem ! Cic. Ph. ;, 11, 27 : oh, utretched 
 me ! me perditum ! id. Fam. 14, 4. 
 Less freq. willi nom. : oh, nhat a figure .' 
 quails facies ! Juv. 10, 157: Ter. 
 (iii). in wishes, with si, utinani : = oh 
 if ... ! oh that ... ! oh, if Jove vould 
 reciil my past years ! O niilii praeteritos 
 referat si Jupiter annos i Virg. Aen. 8, 
 ;6o: Ov. M. i, )6? (0 utinam pos- 
 sim !). 2. oh (not to be con- 
 
 founded with preced. : it denotes sur- 
 prise, joy, grief, ace. to the intonation: 
 only in the comic writers) ; oh ! you 
 are unfair, .. ., oh! iniquus es, Ter. 
 Heaut. 5, J, 8 : repeated, as a lament, 
 oh, oh, oh ! PI. Capt. 2, i, 6. 3. ol'e 
 
 OAK.) 
 
 mast : 
 
 v. acorn. 
 
 tree : 
 
 oakum : 
 
 q. v.): Caes.: 
 
 oar : 1. 
 
 glans queiTia, iligna, etc : 
 
 V. oak. 
 
 stuppa or stupa (tow : 
 Plin. 
 rcnius : to pvll the o., 
 remos ducere, Ov. M. i, 294 : to ply the 
 o. vigorously, remis [validis] incunibere, 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 294: with sail and 0. 
 (i. e. by every possible means), veils re- 
 misque, Cic. Tusc. }, 11, ftn. See also 
 to row. 2. tonsa (poet.) ■ the os 
 more heavily in the motionless tea, in 
 lento luctantur mamiore t., Virg. Aen. 
 6, 27 : Lucr. 3. palma (the Jlat blade 
 ! of the oar) : skimming the waters with 
 o.s, verrentes aequora palmis. Cat. 64. 7 : 
 Vitr. 10, J, 6 (in strict sense). Dimin., 
 palniula (= pi-lma). Virg. Aen. 5, 16}. 
 
 oaring (suls.) : remigium : cf. Virg. 
 Aen. I, joi. remigio alarum. 
 
 oat : avena : <i crop of o.s, averjie 
 seges, Virg. G. i, 77: Col. 2, 11, init. 
 Wild 0.S, steriles a., Virg. G. 1, 154 
 (*a. fatua, Linn). Adj., avenaceus (of 
 o.. oat-) : o.-meal, farina aveuacea, Plin. 
 22, 25, 67 • o.-cake, *panis avenaceus. 
 Phr.: to have sonn one's wild o.s, peril, 
 t.inquam voluptatum stipendia enier- 
 uisse, cf. Cic. Sen. 14.49; <"■• 'volupta- 
 tibus defunctum esse (to have done vjith 
 sensual pleasures) : cf. Smith's Lilt. 
 I>ict. s. V. defungor. (Volnptates tre- 
 nasse ac domuisse. given by R. and A 
 from Liv. jo, 14, med., does not imply 
 atiy previous period of dissipation.) 
 
 oaten: Svenaceus: Plin. An o.-pipe 
 aveiia Virg. E. 1, 2. 
 
 oath : 1. Jiisjurandum, jurlsjurandl 
 n. (gen term) to cause any one to tah(
 
 OATH-BREAKING 
 
 OBITUARY 
 
 OBJECT 
 
 an o., aliquem juy. adigere, Caes. B. (J. 
 ■J, 67 : Llv. : ulau. ad j. adigere, S.1II. 
 Cat. 21 : and, juriyiirando aliquent aili- 
 gere (to tnrul tm o. : loll, by ace. and 
 in/.), Liv. 10. )8. »i«i, ; also, jurej. ob- 
 Slriiigere, Caes. B. G. i. ji : "' 'o^ i" ''•. 
 j. accipere, Caes. h. C. (, I8 to suear 
 a most true 0., verissirauni j. jurare, Cic 
 K«n\. 5, 2, vied. : to tender an o. to an;/ 
 one (in dart), j. deferre aiicui, yuitit. 
 5, 6, J : to offer Co tai.e o., J. offene, ib. 
 ^ I (see the whole chap.) to be under 
 an enyagtrnt-nt b;/ 0., Jurej. tenerl, Cic. 
 Off. J. 21, 100: to keep one's o., J. crni- 
 servare, ib. ; Jurej. st;ire, yuiut. 1. c. 
 
 2, verl)a, oruin (the J'orinalary oj 
 oath ; csp. with re/, 'o some person to 
 vhom /colty is hwom) : usu. in con 
 nexion with jurare : uhless he took the 
 9. dictated by hintsel/, nisi in quae Ipse 
 concepisset verba jurarel. lAv. •;, 5, 
 med. : so paulo in/r., adjurat in quae 
 adactus est verba : he caused the soldiers 
 to talce the 0. to Vespasiun, in verba 
 Vespasiani nillites adegit, Suet. Vesp 
 6 : Tac. : more lully, in alU ujus verba 
 jusjuraniium adigere (with ace. of per- 
 son), Caes. B. C. 2, 18. 3. sacra- 
 nientum (military ; taken by soldiers 
 on enlisting) : to cause soldiers to take 
 the o. to any one, sacranitnto (tnilites) 
 adigere, Liv. 4, s : Tac. (with gen. of 
 authority to uhom, legiones sacramenlo 
 Otboiiis ad.) : also, Sacramento aliqneni 
 obligate (a less formal expr.), Cic. Off. 
 X, II, j6 he compels them to take the • . 
 to hintsel/ (niilites) apud Be s. dic^re 
 jubet, C.ies. B. C. i, 2J: to prore /aUe 
 to the military 0., s. mutare, Soet. CI. 
 Ij. in tig. sense Hor. Oil. l, 17, 10. 
 
 4. expr. by jfiro, adju-o, avi and 
 atus sum, I {to take an u.j ■ he takes 
 this 0., in liaec verba Jurat, Caes. B. C. 
 1, lb to take the o. 0/ allegiance to an 1/ 
 one, in nomen alicujus jurare, Suet. CI. 
 10; in aliquem jurare, Tac. H. I, 'fi : 
 
 Cf. SUpr. (2) : V. To SWEAK. 
 
 oath-breaking (a<ij.) : perjm-us: v. 
 
 PEBJfKED. 
 
 oatmeal : farina avenacea : v. oat. 
 oats : avena : v. oat. 
 Obduce : obdiico, ? : Cic. : Plin. 
 0bduraC7 : obstlna.io (animi) ; v. 
 
 OBSTINACY. 
 
 obdurate : 1. obstinatus (reso- 
 lutely fixed ; in good sense or bad) . 
 against /eminine entreaties, obs. ad- 
 versns muliebres preces, Liv. 2, 40 
 
 Cic: V. OrsSTlNATE, KKSOLUTK. 2. 
 
 darus (^un/eeling, inflexible : only in 
 bad sense): 0/ so inhuman and o. a 
 temper, tarn aninio agresli ac d., Cic. 
 Arch. 8, itiit. : what have we, an o. aye, 
 thrunk /rom f quid nos, d. refuglmus 
 aeias.> Hor. Od. 1. h, J4. 3. ferreus 
 (like durus, Init stronger) : cf. Cic. Att. 
 I J. JO, O te ferreura. qui illius periculis 
 non moveris ! -your o. (brazen) /ace, os 
 tuum ferreuni, id in Pis. 26. 6;. 4. 
 praefracius (carrying strictness to ex- 
 fess): V. sTKRN. 5. inexorabilis : v 
 
 INEXORAHI.C. 
 
 obdurately : obstinate, pertinaciter : 
 ▼. oivsTiNATKi.v. (Or expr. by adj.: so 
 •., "tarn d'lro ac ferreo animo, etc.: v. 
 preced. art.) 
 
 obedience : 1. fibgdientia (most 
 gen. lemi) : slavery is the o. of a mean 
 tpirit, gervitus est ob. animi' fracti et 
 abjecil, c;ic. Par. 5, i, j;: to r,/use o., 
 ob. i.bjicere. id. Off. i, 29, 102: I'lin. 
 who uses it of the ob nf hees to their 
 fueen. 0/ eUphanlt to their ma,<tei-f,etc.). 
 2. obiempftratio (rational oli.. ac- 
 cording to principle : rare) : Cic. I/Cg. 
 I, 1$, 42 (si Justitia est ulitompcrallo 
 •criptis legi'ius). 3. expr. by pareo, 
 
 6bedio: to render n. to any one, aiicui 
 parere, obedire by o and a,mnuind. et 
 parendo et Imperando : a «■ aioiis o. nas 
 rendered to the dii tator by both parties, 
 utrimque enise dictator: obeditum e.>.t. 
 Liv. 4. 26, extr.: v. to obkv. 4. 
 
 obsiiquiuin (a low land of oliedience; 
 compliance, cirni/ilaisance) .later = obe- 
 dientia : thei/ s^ear o. (ioyolty) to his 
 ouardians. in tutonmi obsequia jurant, 
 Jnst. u. 2.ea:/r. Phr. to keeji (people) 
 
 to their o.. in officio coiitinere, Caes. 
 B. G. J. II v. liiTV. 
 
 obedient : 1. Obediens (usu. with 
 dat ) . a mo>t o. toldier, iniperiis olte- 
 dientissiraus miles, Liv. 7, u, itiit. : 
 Cic: also wiih ad and wc. (ad n<>va 
 coMsilia ob., in somen hat diff. seas*-). 
 2. dicU) au<liens (absul. or with 
 dot. of per^on) : not to tie o. atxnit any- 
 thing, in aliqua re dicic a. nun esse, Cic 
 Deiot. 8. 2{ . the bailifF (munt) be o. to 
 his master, villlcus domino ditto a. sit, 
 Cato K. R. 142. 3. i'b>equens, nti.> 
 
 (eomplyivg. falling in with) : 1 am not 
 so o. to my father (as / ought to lie), 
 sum meo pairi niinns obs.. Ter. Heaut. 
 2, t, 18: Sen. 4. more freq. expr. by 
 pareo, Obedio, obtempgro (to tie ): to be 
 o. to the magistrates, obteniperare atque 
 obedire magistratibus. 1 ic Leg }. 2. fin.: 
 V TooKKV. (Parentiores In Cic. C)ff. I, 
 22. 76, is doubiful : al. paratiores.) 
 
 Obedientlv: obedlenter: Liv. (al- 
 ways wiih verbs Implying command, as 
 imperaia ob. facere, id. 21, 54; tributum 
 conlerre ob., id. ?. 12. ix'r. ^= rewiH y, 
 cheei/uUy). To behare o., »alicui audi- 
 enteni atque obedientem esse : v. obe- 
 dient. 
 
 obeisance : to make o., adoro, I : he 
 made o. to the croum, coronam adoravit, 
 Suet. Ner. 12. med.: to strebh out the 
 hands, and make o. to the multitude, 
 protendere manus, adorare vulgum, Tac. 
 H. I, !&: Vulg. Gen. xlii. 7: see also, 
 ] TO BOW ( fin.). 
 
 obelisk: 6heliscus: Plln. j6, 8, 14. 
 
 obelize : Obelum appono (with dat.) : 
 cf. Aus. .Sap. pref. ij ; *obelo notare : 
 V. to mark. 
 
 obelus : Obelus : Aus. : Hler. 
 
 obese : Obesus : Cels. : Vlrg. : v. fat, 
 
 CORIMLKNT. 
 
 obesity : fibesltas : Suet. Claud. 41 : 
 also. oil. ventris, id. Dorn. 18 See also, 
 
 CORPLLENCE. 
 
 obey : 1. pareo, 2 (with dat. . 
 
 most gen. tenn): to 0. the lans, legibus 
 p., Cic. : to o. command, imperio p., Caes. 
 Join: parere et obedire (praecepto), 
 Cic Tusc. 5, 12, 56; obedire et p., id. 
 N. I). 1, 8, 19; (aiicui) p. et dicto audi- 
 entem esse. id. Ph. 7, i, 2. 2. Qbedio, 
 4 (with dat. : to obey any given com- 
 mand ; as a slave or a child : not, as 
 pareo, in widest sense of submission and 
 deference to aiithf/rity) : to 0. any one's 
 command literally, ad verba aiicui ob., 
 Cic Cafc. 18, 52: cf. id. Man. 16, 48, 
 where ob dire is used of en(m,ies ; ob- 
 tempero (v. iv/r.) ot allies: see also 
 tupr. (1), where the use of pareo and 
 ol>edio together conveys the /ullest no- 
 tion 0/ obedience. 3. obiempgro, i 
 (with dat. : esp. of voluntary and ra- 
 tional ohedience) : to o. the spirit (not 
 the mere IHter) 0/ comm/md, ad id quod 
 ex verbis intelligi pttssit obi. aiicui. Cic. 
 Caec. iR, 51 (cl. ."upr. 2) ; Caes. Join : 
 obteniperare atqut- p.ircre (aiicui), id. 
 PI. J9, 94. (As obtempt>ro denotes a | 
 voluntary di.':iiosing 1/ onesel/ ace. to 
 the vriU 0/ anoUier, it a\~o = to comply 
 with : q. V.) 4. <licto audiens sum 
 
 (absol. or with second dat. of person: 
 demitms prompt otiedience to supreme 
 authority) : tlmt the soldiers would not 
 o. orders, niilites non fore dicto a.. Caes. 
 B. G. I. J9, exlr. : Liv. : v. obedient (2). 
 5. au>;ciiltii, I (to hearken or listen 
 to; wi t ti (ia<. : rare in this sense): PI.: 
 V. to ■•earkkn, i.i.sten. Phr.: to re- 
 /use 10 o., iibedientlam abjicere (v. obe- 
 Diknce); impenita detrectare (not im- 
 plving, like preced. phr., a preeioiis 
 obedienre). Suet. Caes. ?4 ; imperiimi 
 [auspiciunique^ abnuere (of mutinous 
 t)0«/).«y Liv. 23, 27. ad init. Q, audio, 
 4(witlia'r. : poet.): Virg. 
 
 obfuscate : perh ailicinem (aiicui) 
 offuiidere, I'lin. Kp. {,9, 16 
 
 obfuscation : perh. caligo, Inls, /. : 
 cf. C;it. 64, 20' : and preced art. 
 
 obituary (-'"bs.l ; perh. I>ibitinae in- 
 dex. (Suet. Ner. J9. hai in Libitinae 
 ratioiiem \enire :=■ to lie reyislered as de- 
 ceased.) Or expr. by phr : tite 0. 0/ the 
 year includes the names 0/ •in hoc 
 
 anno excesserunt e vita ; lij boc 
 
 anno desiderati sunt 
 
 object ("^b*.): I. That about u kick 
 the mind is employed; that which lies 
 f>e/ore tlie mind: (meUphys. (. /.) ■ 'res 
 objecta sensibus; quod amino percipitur 
 (cf. etc. Ac. 2, 16, 49, si taje visum 06- 
 jectum est. . . .durmit-nti, etc. : and v. to 
 I'EBcKiVE): also in modem l.,ai., •ob- 
 ject uni: Cartes. lYinc. i, jo: etc. ||. 
 Any external thing : res ; or expr. by 
 neut. ol aJj. : the object 0/ sight, taste, 'ea 
 res quae (id quo<l) cernitur, gustatur, 
 etc.: ezterxaZ I/.*-, res ex teniae; »xterca: 
 V. thing. Ill, That «»( wiiich any 
 emotion or effort is expended : 1. expr. 
 by dat. of verbal subs, (with verb to tte): 
 to be the o. 0/ any one's hatred, esse 
 aiicui odiu, Cic Fam. 12. 10: to be an o. 
 0/ the care 0/ the gmls, diis curae es.se, 
 Sail. Jug. 75.y;n. ; to be an o. 0/ mockery, 
 ludibrio esse aiicui, Liv. 2, 2? cf L. G. 
 i 297. 2. expr. by verbal subs, in 
 apposition : esp. in the cav of such 
 words as amor (amores). dellciae, desi- 
 derium : ct. Cat. 45, i, Acmi'n Septimiut 
 suos amores tenens, the 0. of his affec- 
 titm: So, Cic. I liv. i, j6, 79, amores ac 
 deliciae tuae Rosciiis, o. of your especial 
 
 love: and Hur. Od. 1, 14, _/(«., lu 
 
 taedium .... desiderium cura. o. Oj 
 
 neary anxie'y. . . .Umging care. 
 
 expr. by pass, verb corresponding to the 
 verbal subs. : to be the o. of any one's 
 U/ve, esteem, respect, ab aliquo amari, 
 diligi, suspici : V. TO IJ3VE, etc. The 
 same sense may also be expr. by act. 
 voice : Alexis was the o. of Corydon's 
 love, Corydon ardebat Ale.v'in, Virg. E. 
 2, I ; .so, alicujus amore deperire. etc. 
 IV. Aim, intention : \, f init 
 
 (propositus) : all the arts have some 
 al which they aim, omnes artes habent 
 f. aliquem propositum, ad queni lendunl, 
 t^uint. 2, 17, 22: Cic: v. end (IV.). 
 
 2. expr. by consilium (design, pur- 
 pose) : I wilt ttatf ttte o. of my departure 
 and return, exponam c et prolectionis 
 meae et reversiunis. Cic. I'h. 1, init. : 
 
 with the o. 0/ eo c ut Caes. 
 
 B. G. I. 48 : so, with what a. f quo c 
 V INTENTION. 3. expr. by verbs im- 
 plying an aim or ot>iecl : what is their 
 o.f quid petunt.' Virg. Aen. 2, 151: 
 
 tlieir (one) 0. is to , id aguni, ut 
 
 Cic Off. I, H, 41 : V. END CA")- V. 
 
 Jn Kranimar : expr. by pendere ex 
 
 V. TO DEPEND. (Not objectiiin or re« 
 olijccta in this sense.) V|. Colloq., a 
 strange sight : P h r. what an o. . qua- 
 ils facies [et quali digna tab-lla]! Juv. 
 10, 157 : qualis erat ! Virg Aen. 2, 274. 
 object (*'•) •■ I. To offer an oljec- 
 
 tion : 1. expr. by dico, xi. ctura, } : 
 esp. in connexion with the adversative 
 
 conj., at : but you o , at enira dicitig 
 
 .... Cic. Fin. 4. 1 ;, 40 : philosophei so. on 
 many grounds tn pleasure being counted 
 among go/ids. a pliilusnphis pennultidi- 
 cuntur cur [non] voluptas in boiii.'^ sll 
 numeranda, lb. 1,10, ?i : so, contra dic-r* 
 [not as one word], i'l. j, i, 2 (whict 
 usu , as here, refers to an ojiposile po- 
 sitirm Tnaintained, not sinijily an objec- 
 tion : cl. id. .\'. 1). J, 21, init.^: and in 
 somewhat diff. se' se, in contiariam 
 partem affirre, id. de Or 2. 5?, fn. 
 
 2 expr. " it is objected," " you ob- 
 ject," by at, at enim cf. Cic. S«'n. 6. 
 extr., at memoria minuitur, but, it is 
 o.'d.the memirry fails (in oldage". : so, ib. 
 14, 47, at non est volu|it.ituni tanta quasi 
 titlliatio in senibiis cf. .?u/ir. (11. (N B. 
 —Not oppono, occurro [1! and A.J. in 
 this sense : cf. Cic. Ac. 2. 42. fin., intro- 
 ducebat Cameades. non ut pmbaret, sed 
 ut oppuneret Slniils, I. e. out of oppoti 
 tion to the Stoics ; and id. N. D. 2, 28. 
 70, where occurrere = to meet an'l reply 
 to an argument ) ||. To object to . 
 
 have an iinnillingness that sometliing 
 shcu'd be done- 1. riciif", : (••.■^p. in 
 negative sentences; full by qiiin ur quo 
 minus) : Idonot 0. to evmi on^'s r oilino 
 What I "rite, non reciiSJiU) quomlniu 
 omnisgcriptameale(tani,Cic. Kin. i, 5,7 
 we canruit 0. to oihers diffeiivg Jrom uk, 
 non possumos qulo alii a nobis di/iaei> 
 501
 
 OBJECTION 
 
 OBLlGIJVti 
 
 O BLOQU Y 
 
 tiant r., Cic. Ac. 2, ;, init. : also absol., 
 I do not o., non lecuso, non abnuo, id. 
 Mil. }b, fin. 2. impr6bo, i (with 
 direct ace.): v. to disapprove. 3. 
 
 repiigno, i (to resist avything ; oppose 
 its being done) .- / do not o., prodded . . ., 
 nun repugno, dummodo..., Cic. Ac. 2, 
 41, Jin. : so, nihil repugno (quae si tu 
 alio nomine vis vocare, nihil repugno, 
 id. fr. ill August.) : v. to oppose. 4. 
 gravor, i (strictlj', to fed anything a 
 burden ; hence, to be reluctant to do 
 anything) : / for my part should not 
 o., if I had confidence in my self , ego 
 vero non gravarer, si mihi ipse confi- 
 derem, iJ. Am. 5, init. : usu. foil, by 
 infin., id. de Or. i, 2J, 107, etc. 5. 
 nolo, ui, irr. (with inf) : I o. to an 
 affected articulation of ea/:h letter, nolo 
 e.xprimi litteras putidius, Cic. de Or. }, 
 II, 4t. 
 
 objection: I. -^ counter state- 
 
 ment : 1, expr. by dico, j : the o.s 
 advanced against each philosopher, quid 
 contra quemque philosophum dicitur, 
 Cic. iJiv. 2, I, 2 : to raise many o.s, 
 multa dicere cur res non ita se habeat ; 
 multa in contrariam partem aflferre : v. 
 TO OBJECT. 2. a quibbling 0., captio : 
 to dispose of stich o.s, captiones discutere, 
 id. Ac. 2, 15, 46. II. Difficulty or 
 
 reluctance about doing something : 1. 
 expr. to Itave no o., by non recusare, non 
 Tepugnare ; v. to object (II.). 2, 
 expr. by per me, te, licet (/, you, etc., 
 Tuive no o.) : I have no o. even to your 
 snunng, says lie, per me vel stertas 
 licet, inquit, Cic. Ac. 2. 29, 9} : so, non 
 licet per Cratinum, id. Off. }, 7, il. 3. 
 mora (strictly, delay ; hence, cause of 
 delay, hindrance) .- nor is there any o. 
 to my man-ying her, nee m. uUa est 
 quia eam uxorem ducam, Ter. Andr. 5, 
 6, 7 : there is no o. as far as he is con- 
 cerned, per hunc nulla est m., lb. 3, 4, 
 li. (Not Cic. in this sense.) 4. ini- 
 pfidlmentum : v. hindrance. Phr. : / 
 have no o. (to tlmt), nihil impedio, Cic. 
 Off. 1,1,2: J have no o. to their being 
 Saved, nihil moror eos salvos esse, Ant. 
 in Cic. I'h. I [, 17, J5 : what o. is there to 
 (the wedding) being made a real one ? 
 quid obstat cur non verae nuptiae fiant ? 
 Ter. Andr. i, 1, 76 : there are manyo.s in 
 
 the way of my multa me dehortan- 
 
 tur, quomiiius Sail. Jug. Ji, init. : 
 
 tliat is no o., *id quidem nihil omnino 
 obstat. 
 
 objectionable : iniprobabllis, e (not 
 deserving a]iprobntio7i) : yuint, 7, 4, 7 ; 
 Sen. Or e.vpr. by mure gen. terms, in- 
 gratus, injucundus (v. unpleasant), 
 malus, also superl. deterrimus: v. bad. 
 
 objective : e.xpr. by externus, qui 
 Beusibus percipitur : v. object (1.). 
 Sometimes *objectivus is indispensable, 
 as metaphys. t. t. 
 
 objectively : *objective,quod dicitur. 
 (Only as metaphys. t. t.) 
 
 objector : *qui contra dicit, dispu- 
 
 tat : v. TO OliJECT. 
 
 objurgate : objurgo, i : Pi. .- Cic. 
 
 objurgatory : expr. by verb : in an 
 O. manner, objurgantis s. exprobrantis 
 modo ; objurgans, exprobrans : v. to 
 
 BEPKOACH. 
 
 oblate : *(globus) circa axis extremas 
 partes depressior ac planior. 
 
 oblation : oblaiio (=tir. npo(Ttj>opd) : 
 Vuig. Act. xxi. 26, etc. : v. offering. 
 
 obligation : I, Binding moral 
 
 force: 1. officium ; cf. Cic. Att. 16, 
 
 Ti, J, non dubito quia KaOrjKov ifficium 
 sit, sed inscriptio plenior de officiis (i. e. 
 Vie entire subject of moral o.) : cf. id. 
 Off. I, 2, 7, S'jq. 2. expr. by opurtet, 
 diibeo (to be under an o. : full, by infin.) : 
 V. OUGHT. 3. expr. by religio (scru- 
 jnilousness, conscientious regard) : to l>e 
 influenced by the o. of an oath, religioiie 
 Jurisjurandi commoveri, Cic. Font. 9, 
 20 : cf. Caes. B. C. i, 77, fin. ||. A 
 legal urulertoJcing : obligatio : to con- 
 tract an 0., obi. contrahere, Gai. Dig. 44, 
 7, init. : to cancel an o., obi. tollere, 
 trip. Dig. 46, 4, 8 $ J. To lay oneself 
 iin<fer o., se obiigare: Cic: Liv.: v. tu 
 »iND (W., fin.). Fig.: under an o. to 
 508 
 
 pay a vow, voti reus, Virg. Aen. 5, 2J7 : 
 Macr. Ill, A claim arisitig out of a 
 
 J avour conferred : Phr.: (i). under an 
 II. to any one: (1). obnoxlus (with dat. 
 of person to whom) : all Greece was 
 under o. to tlie Romans for its freedom, 
 omnem Graeciam beneficio libertatls 
 obn. Romanis esse, Liv. ^5, ji, med : 
 Ter. (2). obligaius (v. infr. ii.) : / was 
 under no 0. to him, nihil ei obi. eram, 
 Cic. Fam. 6, 11 : comp. obligatior, under 
 greater o., Plin. Ep. 8, 2, Jin. (3). offi- 
 cio obstriclus : Caes. B. G. 1,9: v. infr. 
 (ii.) to lay anyone under 0.: (1). obljgo, 
 I ; be sure and lay him under an o. by 
 your liberality, quem fac ut tua libe- 
 ralitate tibi obliges, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 14, 
 fin.: Plin. min. ; v. to oblige. (2). 
 obstringo, nxi, ctum, } : to lay any one 
 under an o. by gifts, donis aliqueni obs., 
 Cic. Clu. 66, extr. (3). demereor, 2 (to 
 deserve veil of: with ace. of person): 
 to lay a community under o., civitatem 
 beneficio d., Liv. ;, 18, init. : also in act. 
 form, Ov. A. A. 252 (nee tibi sit servos 
 demeruisse pudor). | V. I'he favour 
 itself: b6n6f icium, (quotl) gratum (est): 
 V. favour. See also to oblige. 
 
 obligatory : Phr.: it is o. on us, 
 omnino oportet, debemus (v. ought) : 
 are promises always o. f *promissane 
 semper servanda sunt.' cf. Cic. Off. j, 
 24, init. 
 
 oblige : j. To bind by some obli- 
 gation : iibligo, obstringo, etc. : v. to 
 BIND (II.). II. To constrain, force : 
 
 cogo. J: V. TO COMPEL. |||. To render 
 indebted ; do a favour to any one : 1. 
 expr. by gratum, gratissimum facie, j 
 (with dat.) : you will very greatly o. us, 
 gratissimum nobis feceris (full, by si 
 with fut. perf.), Cic. .Sen. 2, 6 : so, per- 
 gratum mihi feceris, id. Am. 4, 16: and, 
 mihi vero pergratum erit, / shall be 
 very much o.d: so, erunt mihi gratis- 
 siina, id. Fam. ij, 48. 2. oblige, i 
 (to lay unde>- an obligation) : you will 
 
 0. me, you will 0. my friend Calvisius, 
 obligabis me, obligabis Calvisium nos- 
 trum, Plin. Ep. 4, 4, }. (N.B.— Not ex- 
 actly in this sense in Cic. : v. obliga- 
 tion, III.) 3, commode, i (to o. by 
 lending or giving : with dat. of person) : 
 in whatever way you can o. a persrm, 
 without loss to yourself, quicquid sine 
 detrimento possit commodari, Cic. Off. 
 
 1, 16, ;i : S'l. id. Fam. 15, J5, ut omni- 
 bus rebus, quod sine molestia tua facere 
 possis, ei cummodes (serve, oblige him): 
 oft. =^ to o. with the loan of anything : 
 V. to lend. 4. expr. by beneficium 
 coUocare apud aliqnem ; b. conferre in 
 aliquem, etc. ; v. favour. 5. grati- 
 f icor, I (to do what is agreeable to any 
 one): Cic: Liv.: v. togu.\tify. See also 
 to COMPLY WITH. Phr.: / am much o.d 
 to you for what you did about. . . ., de 
 
 mulium te amo, Cic. Att. 7. 2, 7 : so 
 
 with in and abi., id. Fam. ij,62(in Attilii 
 negotio te amavi) : or foil, by rel. clause, 
 te multum amamus, quod, etc., id. Att. 
 1, J, 2. 
 
 obliging (adj.) : 1. com is, e 
 
 (courteous and amiable): cf Cic. Bal. 
 16. j6, conif5, benigni, fuciles dicuiitur; 
 qui erranti comiter monstrant viam : 
 Ter. Join: benignus et lepidus et 
 comis, Ter. Hec. 5, j, 59 ; comis et hu- 
 manus, Cic Fin. 2, 25, 80. 2. hu- 
 manus (characterized by kindly human 
 feeling : more comprehensive than pre- 
 ced.) : an o. disposition, h. ingenium, 
 Ter. Andr. i, i, 86: Cic. Join: com- 
 munis (affable) atque humanus. Cic. 
 Sen. 17, 59; facillimus atque humanls- 
 simus, id. Att. 16, 16: cf. supr. (1). 
 Very o., perhumanus, id. Fam. ij, 21. 
 3. fecilis, e (easy-tempered) : v. 
 KIND, good-natured. 4. communis, 
 e (affable, ready to impart of one's 
 oivn) : of so o. a disposition as that. . . , 
 tam c. animo esse ut. . ., Ter. Heaut. 5, 
 I, ?9 : Cic. : V. supr. (2). 5. off ici- 
 
 osus (full of respect and attention 
 towards): cf. Cic Verr. 2, i, 24, 6}, 
 Lampsaceni in omnes cives Romanes 
 uHiciosi (ready to do ani/thing to shoiv 
 respect ox oblige) : also. id. Fam. i?.2l, 
 
 extr. (N.B. — Not obsequens, obsequi- 
 osus : w liich = yielding, complaisant.) 
 
 obligingly: 1. comiter: Cic. BaL 
 ■ 6, j6. 2. officiose (for syn. v. obm- 
 ging). Join: effidose et amice, Cic. 
 Am. 20, 71. See also KINDLT. 
 
 obligingness : 1. comitag : v. 
 
 COURTESY. 2. hiimanitas, facQitas, 
 
 etc. : V. good-nature, KINDNE.SS. 
 
 oblique : obliquus (slanting, tide- 
 ways): Cic. Div. I, 5 J, 120: the o. order 
 of the signs, o. signorum erde, Virg. G.. 
 I, 2J9. Fig.: to assail any one with 
 o. (indirect) insinualions, o. orationibus 
 carpere aliquem. Suet. Duni. 2: also in 
 grammat. sense, the o. cases, casus obli- 
 qui, V^arr. L. L. 8, 26, 49 : o. narration, 
 o. oratio. Just.: v. indirect. 
 
 obliquely; oblique: Cic Fin. i, 6, 
 20: Caes. F ig.=: indirectly : Tac. A. 
 J, j; (obi. castigare aliquem). Also, in 
 obliquum, Virg. G. i, 98: Plin.: and 
 per obliquum, Hor. Od. j, 27. 6: in 
 somewhat diff. sense, ex obliquo (on 
 (me side), Plin. 2, ^I, Jl. See also 
 
 ASKANCE. 
 
 obliqueness : obliquttas : Plin. 2, 
 
 19, 17. 
 
 obliquity: I. Lit: v. preced. 
 art. II, Fig.: in moral sense : pravi- 
 tas, iniqultas : v. viciousness, ink^uitt 
 (Not pravitas in this sense.) 
 
 obliterate : 1. deleo, evi, ctum, 
 2 (both lit. and fig.) : v. to blot out. 
 2. aboleo, evi, Ttum, 2 : to 0. a 
 name (in a will), nomen ab.. Suet. Dum. 
 I ;, init. : to 0. the recollection of any- 
 thing, memoriam alicujus rei ab., Tac 
 H. I, 84 : also intrans. (which, however, 
 more properly belongs to abolesco, in- 
 cept.), notidum memoria aboleverat, had 
 not yet become o.d. Liv. 9, j6, init. 3. 
 oblitero, i (oblitt.): Tac. A. i!, 2?, ex<r'. 
 More freq. in fig. sense, e. g. memoriam 
 obi., Liv. 21, 29, extr. 4. in pass, 
 sense, evanesce, vanui. } (to bearnie o.d) : 
 (the characters) had becemve so completely 
 o.d, tantopere evanuisse, 'IMsch. pref. 
 N. T.: the recollection has gradually be- 
 come o.d, memoria sensini [obscurata est] 
 et evanuit, Cic. de Or. 2, 2;, 95. 5. 
 
 exolesco, evi, etum, j (in pass, sense): 
 letters almost o.d, paene Jam exolescentes 
 litterae. Suet. Aug. 7. Phr.: to 0. the 
 very name of the Roman people, exstin- 
 guere nomen populi Rumani, Cic Cat. 
 4. 4. -I- 
 
 obliteration : expr. by verb : V. to 
 
 OBLITERATE. 
 
 oblivion : 1. oblivio, onis,/. : to 
 rescue from 0., ab obi. Qatque a silentlo] 
 vindicare, Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 7 : to consign 
 to o., oblivioni dare, Liv. i, ji, init.; 
 mere strongly, voluntaria quadam obi. 
 conterere, Cic Fam. i, 9, 7 (the latter 
 phr. signifying the determination to 
 forget; the (ormer, an allowing of any- 
 thing to lie forgotten) : see also forget- 
 FULNESS ; AMNESTr. 2. oblivium 
 
 (poet.): freq.plur.: to drink a pleasant 
 0. of an anxious life, ducere sellicitae 
 jucunda obi. virae. Her. S. 2, 6, f 2 . 
 Virg. Phr.: to sink i»to o., obscurari 
 atque evanescere; abolescere : v. to ob- 
 literate. 
 
 oblivious : immgmor, obllviosus : v, 
 
 FORGETFUL. 
 
 oblong (adj.) : oblongus : o. eggs, 
 ova ubl., Plin. lo, 52. 74 (tor which Hor. 
 has, I'onga quibus facies erii. Sat. 2, 4, 
 12) Plin. (Oblongo hastili, in Liv. 21, 
 Z, fin., is probably a false reading; and 
 the strict sense of the word is simply 
 elongated.) 
 
 oblong (subs.) : quadrilatera forma, 
 quae in rectis lineis continetur, et voca- 
 lur altera parte longior : Front. Goes. 
 P- J5- 
 
 obloquy : 1. vltuperatie (censure) . 
 to become an object of such o., [in ser- 
 monem heminum atque] in tantam v. 
 venire, Cic. Verr. 4, 7, i ;. (Vituperatio 
 is itself less strong than Kng., requiring 
 some epithet, or some words in the con- 
 text, to make It equivalent.) 2. malg- 
 <iictum (any abusive speech): esp. pi.: 
 the 0. heaped upon men of the highest 
 rank by the egwifes, equitum in hoaiines
 
 OBNOXIOUS 
 
 OBSERVANCE 
 
 OBSERVE 
 
 jobilisslmos muledicta, Clc. W. i }, fin. : 
 to atsail tvith everii kind of o., probris 
 omnibus in.que vexare, id. Kl 20, 48. 
 3. opprobiiiini (taunt, reproach): 
 esp. pi. : to be stavg bij false 0., op. 
 fiilsis niorderi, Hor. Kp. i, 16, ;8 : to be 
 assailed by yeiitral 0., niulcdictis op- 
 probnisque vulgi pulsari, Ai4Cl. Qt\int. 
 l)ecl. So also probru, oruiii : v. kk- 
 I-BOACH. P h r. : to be the object of 
 gtiieral 0., flagrare rumore malu, Hor. 
 S. I, 4, 12;. .See also i.m-amv. 
 
 obnoxious : I. Exposed, liable 
 
 to; obno.xius: v. liahi.k, sUbjkct. 
 
 II. Hurtful, olijecliovable : noxiu.s, 
 nOcens, etc. : v. hi.iiTfiii., noxious. 
 
 III. <'(feiisiie, halef"' : Invisus : 
 Virp. Aon. i, 28 (invisum genus): Cic. : 
 
 V. IIATM II.. 
 
 obnoxiously : v. injitriously. 
 
 OboluS : 6b6lus : Vitr. 
 
 obscene: 1. ob.scaenus (-oenus, 
 •enus) ; 0. jesting, Reinis dicendi obs., 
 Cic. Off. I, 2y, 104 : somewhat o., obscie- 
 nior, id. Tusc. 5, jS, 112: alsip, subob- 
 scaenus, id. Or. 26, 88. Also used of 
 whatever is revolting or of ill-omen : 
 the o. birds of ocean (harpies), obs. pe- 
 lagi aves, Virp. Acn. }, 241. 2. 
 
 iiiquinalus (polluted) : viost 0. convei- 
 .vai ioH, scrnio inquinatissinius, Cic. Verr. I 
 J, 26, 65. 3. turpis, e (most Ojmpre- 
 licnsive term : Gr. aicrxpos) : cf. Cic. 
 Off. I, J5, 126, quae partes corporis, ad 
 naturae neressilatem datac, adspectiim 
 essent deformem babiiurae atque tur- 
 pem : v. shamefdi,. 4. simrcus : v. 
 
 FILTHY. 5. nudus (lit. naked : rare) : 
 to abstain from o. language, n. verbis 
 abstinere, i'lin. Kp. 4, 14, 4. Similar is 
 the use of the expr. iiupta verba, Fest. 
 s. V. nuptus. 
 
 obscenely: 1. obscaene (-oene, 
 -cne): Cic. 2. '"""piter (sAonie/MJJj/) : 
 Cic. Tusc. ;, i^, 16. 
 
 obscenity : 1. obscaenf tas (-oeni- 
 
 tas, -fnitas): Cic. Off. i. 29, fm. : Quint. 
 
 2. turpitude (v. OBSCENE, 3) : Join: 
 
 verborum turpitudo ct rerum obscaeni- 
 
 tas, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, extr. 
 
 obscuration : obscuralio : an 0. 
 (eclipse) of the sun, obs. solis, Quint, i, 
 10, 47: Cic. fr. Or expr. b.v verb: v. 
 
 TO OBSCURE. 
 
 obscure (a'lj): |. without na- 
 tural light: obscurns : v. dakk. ||. 
 Aot easily understood : 1, obscurus : 
 extremely o. (Heraclitus), valde obs., 
 Cic. I)iv. 2, 64, I}}: Lucr. : / strive to 
 be brief, I become o., brcvis esse laboro, 
 obs. fio, Hor. A.l'. 2;. Join: obseurus 
 et ignotus, Cic. de Or. i, jg, i"]"); obs. 
 atque caecus, id. Agr. 2, 14, j6. &>hu'- 
 «)/ia< o., subobscurus, Cic. 2. reci>n- 
 dUus (naturally di[l'icuU of appiehen- 
 sion ; while obseurus often refers only 
 to the » ay in which a suhjert is treated) : 
 
 Cic.: V. abstruse, RICONDITE. 3. PCI- 
 
 plexus (intricate, puzzling) : 0. speeches 
 (rend/red purposely ambiguous), p. ser- 
 niones, Liv. 40, 5, med. : a someuhat o. 
 tlieory, ratio pirpbxior, I'lin. 2, i;, ij 
 { 62. 4. caecus (ol that i-hich escapes 
 tlie eye or mind) : cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 
 };7, res caecae et ab aspcctus judicio 
 remolae: v. siipr. (;). 5. involutiis 
 
 (involved, intricate) : Join: occulti et 
 quasi involutii [apirire], Cic. Fin. i, 9, 
 JO. Phr. : 1)1 an o., eniymatiral man- 
 ner, per ambages, Liv. i, 56, ad fin.: 
 so, amb.ifces is used of the enigma of the 
 Sphinx,0\\ M. 7, 760 : tolie intentionally 
 o., sensus suos abdire (condere, recon- 
 dere), Tac. A. i, 1 1 : cf. ih., (sensus) in 
 inceriuni et anibiguum niagis linplica- 
 bantur^Ae became more 0. than ever: 
 see also to obscure (= render obscure). 
 Ill, Not distingiiished: 1. ob- 
 
 seurus : of humble and o. parentage. 
 hunilll atque o. loco natus, Cic. Verr. ;. 
 70, 181 : illustrious or o, clarus an 
 obs.. Quint. 5, 10, 26. 2. hiimllis, ig- 
 
 nolillis ; V. HUMBLE, IGNOBLE. 
 
 obscure (v.) ■ 1. olwciiro, I (both 
 lit. and fig.) : llie ski/ was o.d by clouds, 
 coelum nubibus obscuratum, Sail. Jug. 
 j8, med. : to o. one's style, stilum obs., 
 Suet. Tib. 70 : as opp. to celebrare, to 
 
 render famous or o.. Sail. Oat. 8. 2. 
 
 officio, feci, fectum, } (with dat. : to 
 stand in the uay of, darken, eclipse): 
 the greatneas of those vlio will o. my 
 name, magnitudo eorum qui meo nomini 
 officlent, Liv. pref. : cf. Cic. N. H. 2, 19, 
 49, ipsa umbra terrae soli officlens noc- 
 tem efficit (eclipses and o.s it). Phr.: 
 to o. a subject intentionally (mystify 
 any one), tenebras alicui offiUKiere, Cic. 
 in Quint. 2, 17, 21 : see also To hide, 
 
 CONCEAL. 
 
 obscurely : 1. obscurS : to inter- 
 pret vliat iv Saul o., obs. dicta iiiter- 
 pretari. Quint, ;, 4, j : Cell. Of pa- 
 rentage : o. bom, ol)s. natus, Macr. : 
 Amm. (better, obscuro loco natus). 2. 
 amblgiie : v. ambiguously. 3. P^'f 
 
 ambages (in an indirect, enigmatical 
 way) : Liv. 1, 56. 
 
 obscurity: I. I' it.: oljscurltas, 
 teiicbrae : v. darkne.ss. ||. Lack of 
 clearness: obsciirltas: Cic: Quint.: to 
 involve a thing in 0., obs. ct tenebras 
 alicui rei afferre, Cic. de Or. j, I J, ;o. 
 Phr. : to be urapped in o., in incertnm 
 et ambiguum implicari, Tac. A. i, 1 1 : 
 to speak vithout 0., *nullis ainbagibus 
 loqui : cf. Ov. M. 10, 10. |||. Mean- 
 ne.'ss of origin or rank : humilUas, igiio- 
 bilitas, sordes (stronger llian P^ng.) : v. 
 
 MEANNE.SS (I.), HUMBLENESS (L). Phr.: 
 to raise from 0. or consign to it, cele- 
 brare, ob.scurare. Sail. Cat. 8 : cf. obscura 
 proniere, Insignia attenuare, Hor. Od. i , 
 l^.fin.: to pass one's life in o., vitam 
 silentio transire, Sail. Cat. init. (scarcely 
 to be imitated) : vitam per obscurnra 
 transmittere, Sen. Ep. 19, 2 : to raise a 
 family from o., familiam (abjectam et 
 obscuram) e tenebris in lucem evocare, 
 Cic. Deiot. 11, jo ; familiam illustrare, 
 (to shed lustre on it). Suet. Gal. j, med. 
 obsequies: exsequiae, arum;justa; 
 
 etc. : v. EINERAL (subs.). 
 
 obsequious: 1. nimis obsequens : 
 cf. Cacs. 15. G. 7, 29, nimia obsequentia : 
 or perb. ob.sequentior (a milder expr.) : 
 cf. L. G. ^ 551 : or expr. by gen. or abl. 
 of quality, nimia obsequentia, nimii 
 obsequii (all of persons only) : v. obse- 
 quiousness. (Neiiher obsequens nor 
 obseqniosus [Pl.j denote a bad quality.) 
 2. perb. officiosus (usiL in good 
 sense: v. obliging) : cf. Cic. in Pis. 25, 
 55, officiosissima natio candidatorum : 
 or expr. Ijy nimis or compar. degree: cf. 
 supr. (1). 3. ambitiosus (given to court 
 favour) ; so o. as to salute us all every 
 day, it;i a. ut omnes nos quotidie per- 
 saliitet, Cic. Fl. 18, init.: an o. empire 
 (emperor), a. imperium, Tac. H. i, 8}. 
 
 4. perh. biimilis, e (low, mean) : a 
 most o. Jt alter tr, assentaior humillimus. 
 Veil. 2, 8}, init: v. mean-sI'IRited. 
 
 5, perh. asstnlator (cme who falls 
 in with whatever you say or do: strictly 
 subs. ; but see L. G. } 598) : cf. Per. Eun. 
 2, 2, 22, omnia assentari, to be as o. as 
 ever one can . 
 
 obsequiously : cum nimia obsc- 
 quinlla; anibiliose, assentiitorie (with 
 ref. to language) : v. preced. ait. Or 
 perh. scrviliter: Tac. H. i, }t,fin. 
 
 obsequiousness: 1. nimiaob.se- 
 
 quentia (rare) : C.ies. B. G. 7, 29. 2. 
 obscqiiium (not necessaril.v in bad 
 sense): Per. Andr. t, i, 41 O'pp. to 
 Veritas): Tac. 3, assentatio (striclly 
 of kingnage): cf. Clc. Clu. i;, 16, se 
 blanditiis et assentatiotiibus in Asinii 
 consuetndinem immersit ((>;/ fawning 
 and obsetjuiousness). See alsosERviLn'Y. 
 4. ambitio (paying court ; seeking 
 to gain faiwir) : cf. Cic. Br. 69, fm., 
 ambilione labi ( where ./fa««i-j/ is meant) : 
 using evei-y kind of o. to every one. nullo 
 officii aut ambiliohts in aliquem genere 
 omisso. Suet. 0th. 4: Hor. See also 
 
 SERVILITY. 
 
 observable : v. remarkable. 
 
 observance : I- J'''« "ct of ob- 
 serving : 1, ronservatio : the o. of 
 decorum, di-coris &, Cic. Off. i, }6. ui. 
 2. obscrvantia (core/"!// regard for): 
 the o. of ancient custom, obs. prisci 
 nioris, Val. Max. 2, 6, 7. (.Vppy. not 
 observatio in this sense.) 3. obteni- 
 
 p4raiio (rare) : v. OBEDIENCE. (Oft 
 iK'tter expr. by verb : a natable in 
 stance of the o. of religion, nifniorabile 
 e.xemplum servaiae religionis, Val. Max. 
 I, I, II : care for Ute 0. of religion, ooii- 
 servandae religionis cura, ib. i, i, 12 
 v. TooiwERVE.) II, A regular pra':tice : 
 ritiis, lis : v. RITE, usage. 
 
 observant : I. Taking notice : 
 
 nearest word, attentus: v. attenth k. 
 To be o. of everything, •aittniissime 
 omnia oculis animnque excipere. ||. 
 Hegnrdful : 1, dillgens, mis : most o 
 of every duty, omnis ofiBcii diligeniis- 
 Blmiis, Cic. Cocl. JO, "}} : 0. of truth, 
 d. veri, Nep. Epani. j. 2. ob.servans, 
 ntis (with gen. : in Cic. = retpeclful 
 toivards) : very o. of every claim of duty, 
 omnium ofticioruin observantissimus, 
 Plin. Ep. 7, JO, init. : Claud. 3. rfll- 
 giosus (in matters of religion and con' 
 scierux) : esp. o. of att (xith, Clc. CaeCi 
 10, 26 (in testinioiiio religiosus) : v. 
 
 SCRUPULOUS. 
 
 observation : I. The act of ofc. 
 serving or taking notice : 1, obser- 
 vatio : o. of the heavenly bodies, obg. 
 siderum.Cic. Div. i, i, 2: things learned 
 by 0., quae observatione cognita sunt, 
 ii). 2, 12, init. 2. notatio (careful 
 marh-ing) : Join: noiatio [naturae] 
 et animadver.sio, Cic. Or. 5;, 18;. 3. 
 ilnimadversio (atteiUion) : v. supr. (2). 
 4. contempUitio (i-iemn*/, gazing 
 vpon) : nothing to interfere with their 
 o. of the heavens, nihil quod contenipla- 
 tioni coeli officere posset, Cic. IJiv. i, 42, 
 9 J. (Or expr. by verb: to pursue ce 
 hstial 0.S, siderum inotus ol)servare 
 to take sucli o.s astronomically, positus 
 siderum ac spatia dimciiri, Tac. A. 6, 21 ; 
 to do so in a ceremonial or augural 
 sense, de coelo servare, Cic. Ph. 2. j2, 81 : 
 V. TO observe.) II, A remark, esp. 
 of a critical or exegetical land : obser- 
 vatio : 0.S on the ancient dialect, obs. 
 serraonis antiqui, Suet. Gr. extr. See 
 
 also NOTE. 
 
 observatory: *spcculaastronomica, 
 Eichst. ; specula ex qua siderum motus 
 observantur, Jan. (Kr.) : an astrologer's 
 0., jiergula mathematici. Suet. Aug. 94, 
 
 fm. (N.B.— For technical use, better 
 *obs?rvatorium : after anal, of condi- 
 torium, repertorinm, etc.) 
 
 observe: I. I'o notice, pay atten- 
 tion to: 1, observo, i (to watch vare- 
 
 fully) : to o. the passages and motions 
 of the heavenly tiodies, trjyectiones nio- 
 tusque siderum obs., Cic. Div. i, i, 2 : 
 v. TO WATCH. 2. animadverto, ti, 
 sum, J (to notice, pay attention to) ; 
 your rank causes nhatever you do to lie 
 o.d, dignitas tua facit ut anim:idvert.itur 
 quicqiiid facias, Cic. Kam. 11, 27, fin.: 
 Liv. (N.B.— In older writers often, 
 animum adverto, of which the preced. is 
 a contraction ; also with ace.) 3. sjifi- 
 culor, I (to spy oid) : the eyes of many 
 will o. and keep guard over you, mul- 
 torum oculi te speculabuntur et cus- 
 todient, Cic. Cat. i, 2, /«. ; to o. the 
 settings and risings of the stars, obitus 
 et onus signorum sp., Virg. G. i. 2i7. 
 4. contemplor, i (to view, look alteri- 
 tively at) : to look up to the .^ky and o. 
 the celestial phenomena, coelum sus- 
 picere coelestiaque c, Clc. N. D. 2, 2, 
 init. : to o. the nature of the grou7id on 
 ei-erii side. c. ab omni parte loci na- 
 tnni'm, Liv. j?, 28: 0. (00 icalling atten- 
 tion to a point), conteniplator Item, Virg. 
 G. I, 187. 6. considOro. 1 (alxiut =«. 
 preced.) : to o. (look carefully at) a 
 statue, signum c, Clc. Off. i, 41, 147: 
 Gell. 6. sentio, 4 : v. to PERcnivK. 
 Phr.: to observe the intestines of vic- 
 tims, exia Inspicere, Cic. Iliv. j, i j.yin. : 
 to o. celestial phenomena (for sigr>s and 
 iimens). de coelo servare. id. Ph. 2. J2, 
 81 : to be o.d (u-ith interest and culmi- 
 ration), conspici : v. notice (to attract"). 
 II. To remark: dico; inquam (the 
 latter e.sp. introduced into the liody of the 
 ol>servation ll.--elf'; : v. to say, remark. 
 (Kr. condemns such exprr. .%«. recte, 
 Iwne nionuit ; recommending observavit, 
 docuit, annotavit, dixit ) |||. To give 
 
 ■JOT)
 
 OBSERVKR 
 
 OBTAIN 
 
 OCCASION 
 
 heed to, keep in practue : 1. conserve, 
 I (to preserve inviolate) ; to o. an oath, 
 jusjurandum c, Oic. OiT. ;, 2i,fin. : to o. 
 the priotlrges of amijassadors, jus Icga- 
 toruin c. Cat's. B. O. ;, i6 ; v. to ki.kf. 
 
 2. ohsei vo, I (to paij respect to ; 
 keep larej ully) ; to o. xintruclioiis very 
 carefully, praeceptuni obs. diligen 
 tissirnf, CaH^s B. G. ;, J5 : to o. i'ne lans, 
 leges obs., Cic. Otf. 2, 11,40. 3. ob- 
 tempero, i (wirli dat ^ : v. to obev. 
 
 obierver: 1. sppitaior. o. o/tte 
 heavens und iJie heavenly ijodies (^Ai clii- 
 medes), s. cueli s deraml 1;, Liv. 24, J4, 
 init. : Cic. 2. --peculator (one vho 
 pries into anytkiiig) ; Join: specu- 
 latur vciiatoique naturae, Cic. N. I). 1. 
 JO, init. 3, aiiimadversor {<me uho 
 notices, esp. in Vie way of censure) : 
 keen o.s of people's fatdts, acres a. vi- 
 tiuruni, id. Off. i, 41, init. 4. expr. 
 by adj. : the moat accurate o.s of nature, 
 diligeulissiuii naturae, Plin. ij, 4, 7 
 ^ }l : a most scrupulous o. of every duty, 
 omnis officii ohservaiitissimus: v. oB- 
 SKRVANT. (N.B. — Avoid observator, a 
 watcher : rare.) 
 
 observing («'j ' •• diligens, ntis : 
 V. preced. an. Jin. Or perh. perspica.x 
 (Jcten-siglUed) : Ter. : Cic. 
 
 obsidian : (lapis) obsidiauus : Plin. 
 j6, 26. 67 (at. obsianus, .Jan.). As a/lj. : 
 an elephant sculptured in o., elephantus 
 obsidianus (obsianus) : Plin. 1. c. 
 
 obsolescent : lo be o., obsolescere : 
 V. full. art. 
 
 obsolete : 1. obsoletus : o. wards, 
 verba olis., Cic. de Or. j, J7, 150. 2. 
 e.\s6letus (exoletus) : o. ami out of the 
 rvay wards, ex. et recondiiaf voces, Suet. 
 Aug. 86 : an 0. custom, ex. mos, id. Gal. 4. 
 
 3. pervetustus {antiquated) : Cic. 
 de Or. }, til, fin. (ot words). 4. expr. 
 by circuml. : o. uords, verba prisca ac 
 veiussa ft ab usu quotidian! sermonis 
 Jamdiu iniermissa, Cic. de Or. ;, 57, 155. 
 Phr. : 0. laws, leges antiquae et mor- 
 tuae, Cic. Verr. 5, 18, 45. To becomi- o. : 
 (I), ob.solesco, evi, etuni, j Varr. L. L. 
 9, 10, 16. (2). exSlesco, } to prevent 
 the institution becoming o., ne disciplina 
 exolesceret, Tac. A. 11, 15. (3). poet, 
 cad'.', cecidi, casum, j : Hor. A. 1'. 70. 
 
 obsoleteness : expr. by adj. : v. 
 
 OBSllLKTK. 
 
 obstacle : 1. impgdimentum : V. 
 HINDRANCE. 2. obex, icis and Jicis, c. 
 (a barrier) : rare in gen. sense : to make 
 one's way through the o.s presented by 
 forests, per obices silvarum ire, Liv. 9, j, 
 init. : I'lin. Pan. 47. Oflener expr. by 
 Verb: to be an o. to, (1) obsto, stiii, 
 stitum, I : fut. part, obstaturus (with 
 
 </ai.) ; what 0. is there to prerent 
 
 quid obstat quoniinus . . .i" Cic. N. D. 
 I, 54, 9; ; quid obstai cur . . . non . . ., 
 Ter. Aiidr. i, i, 76 . to n-more all o.s 
 and hindrances, oiiinia reniovere quae 
 obs. et impediuut, Cic. Acmi. 2, 7. 19. 
 (2). officio, feci, fectum, j (with dat.): 
 to be an o. in the way of any one's 
 schemes, consiliis aliciyus of, Sail. Cat. 
 
 27 : )( uas no o. to his being non 
 
 ofFecil ei quoruinus ..... Plin. Ep. 6, 
 29, 6. Join: orticere et obstare, Cic. 
 (3). impgdlo, 4: V. TO HINDKR. Phr.: 
 a route easier and with fener o.s, iter 
 facilius et expeditius, Caes. B. G. i, 6 : 
 so, attended nith {many) o.s, impeditus, 
 impeditissimus, id. B.C. 6, 8 (impediius 
 locus): Liv : to clear avay the o.s pre- 
 sented by thefirrests, obstantia •silvarum 
 amoliri, I'ac. A. i, 5c. (.\.B. — By no 
 means, obstaculuni ) 
 
 obstetric: ob»leticius: Arn. 
 
 obstetrician : * medicus obstetrl- 
 cius. 
 
 obstetrics : *res s. ars obstetricia. 
 
 obstinacy : 1. pertinacia {per- 
 sistencii; a more passive quality than 
 pervicacia, which Is from vincere, deter- 
 Tnination to carry one's point : less freq. 
 in good .sense) : o. is the kindred (rice) 
 to perseverance, pert, perseverantiae fi- 
 nltiniaest.Cic. Inv. 2,54, fin.: of. id. Fin. 
 I, 8, 27 : Caes. 2. pervicacia (in bad 
 and, less freq., good sense): your 0. and 
 pride have compelled mt to speak, p. tua 
 sio 
 
 et superbia coegit me loqni, Liv. 9, J4, 
 fin.: Cic. .Join: pervicacia et [\n- 
 flexibilis] obstinatio, Piwi. Ep. 10, 96 
 (97). J- 3. olistiuaiio : Plin. niin. : 
 V. siipr. (1). In Cic. prov. Cons. 17, 41, 
 obstiiiaiio anivai ^ unshaken resolution : 
 and in earlier authors generally, the word 
 denotes a good quality. 4. animus 
 jiertinax, pervicax, obstinatns: v. ob- 
 stinate. 
 
 obstinate: 1. pertinax: o. dis- 
 cuji&imu (ill bad sense), p in disputando 
 concert,! tiones, Cic. Fin. i, 8, 27 ctn o. 
 struggle (well fouglit on both sides), p. 
 certaiiien, Liv. 2, ^o,fin. : a long and o. 
 illness, longa et p valetudo. Plin. Ep. i, 
 22, 1. (The- good sense is mostly ccii- 
 fined to later writers.) 2. pervicax 
 (for syn. v. ob.stinacv, i) : v. stubborn. 
 3. obstinatns (in good or bad sense) : 
 a more o. {settld) determination, vo- 
 luntas obstinatior Cic. Att. i, ii, med. : 
 tvilh o. determination, obs. animo, Liv. 
 >. 47- 4. offirnialus (infieq.) : Cic. 
 Att. 1. c. (in conjunct with obstinatns). 
 Phr.: do not be so o., ne tarn cftirma te ! 
 Ter. Heaut. ;, ?, 8 : an 0. battle atrox 
 proelium (attended ivith much slaughter), 
 \Av. 21. 29. (N.B. -.Not refractariiis, 
 which is extr. rare [contnmaces ae re- 
 fractarins. Sen. Ep. 72, init.], and de- 
 notes opposition, intractahleness, rather 
 than ob.-tinacy : praefractus ^ over- 
 severe, stern.) 
 
 obstinately : 1. pert Inaclter (for 
 syn., V. preced. artf.) : Cjuint. : Suet. : 
 Plin. 2. pervicaciter : Liv. : Tac. 
 
 3. obstinate : IVr. : Caes. 4. expr. 
 by modal iibl., pertinaci voluntate, per- 
 vicaci animo, etc. : v obstinate. Obsti- 
 nateli/ set against, obstinatns contra 
 aliqiiid. Quint. 12, I, lo: o be7it on 
 fighting, obstinatns ad decertandum, 
 Liv. 6, f,fin. : to behave o., offirmare se : 
 v. obstinate. (Praefracte is inflexibly, 
 sternli/, rather than obstinately : cf. Cic. 
 Off. ?. 22, 8H.) 
 
 obstreoerOUS ; *conviciis ac cla- 
 nioribus plenus : v. Koisy. (Not ob- 
 stnperus.) 
 
 obstreperously : *cum maximo cla- 
 more; onini genere convicii ac clamoris. 
 
 obstruct : 1. obsepio, obstruo : 
 V. TO block up. 2. obsto, officio 
 (with dat. : to be an obstruction in the 
 uai/ of) : V. OBSTACLE. See also to 
 hindki;. 
 
 obstruction: v. obstacle. (N.B.— 
 Not obsiructio ; which oaurs in Cic. 
 Sext. 9, 22 but in different sense.) 
 
 obstructive : expr. by verb : to 
 carry out an 0. policy, *nihil aliud 
 (facere) nisi alienis consiliis ofiBcere 
 atque obstare; id agere ut aliis omnia 
 asijeriora atque impeditiora reddantur. 
 
 obtain: I. Trans., to get pos- 
 sessvm of .- 1, tldipiscor, adeplus, ; ; 
 with p. part, in act. or pass, sense (usu. 
 to secure by one's ovm exertvms) : to o 
 the highest himours from the Rerman 
 people, snmmos honores a Populo R. 
 adipisci, Cic Clu. 42, 118: too. praise, 
 laudem a. id. Off. i, 19, 62 : to o. a vic- 
 tori/, victoriam a., Caes. B. G. 5, $9, 
 extr. : Suet. 2. nanciscor, nactiis, i 
 (to get by good lack, light upon) : v. to 
 GKT{init.). 3. obtineo, ui, tentuni, 2 
 (strictly, to hold, keep; hence, to obtain 
 that II hich is kept or likely to be .to) ; he 
 was about to 0. the supreme authority in 
 his onn .'■tate, ipse suae civitatis im- 
 perinm obteniurus esset, Ciies. B. G. i, {. 
 .Join: [sapientiam] obtineie adijiis- 
 cique, Cic. Leg. i, 22, fin. (N.K.— To be 
 used with discrimination and sparingly.) 
 4. invenio, repgrio, 4: v. to get 
 (A., L. 3 .and 4). 5. acquiro, quisivi. 
 itum, 5 (in ad/iitum to tvhat one has) : 
 V. TO GAIN (11., 1). 6. consequor, 
 sgcfltus, J (with ref. to what has been 
 an object of pursuit) : to 0. tfie highest 
 honours, ampljssimos honores c, Cic. : 
 PI. 5, fin. : to o. that object (dominion). 
 eam rem c, Caes. B. G. 2, i, extr. So 
 also, assgquor, j : v. to attain to. See 
 also to gain, IL (throughout). 7. 
 potior, 4 (usu. with ref. to dominion, 
 political power) : with abl., gen., and 
 
 less freq. ace.): to o. the s premacy oj 
 all Gaul, iniperio lotius Galliae p., Caes 
 B. G. I, 2: to 0. piissessiim of (tht 
 enemy's) baggage and camp, impedi- 
 nientis castiisque p . ib. 26 : to o. pos- 
 session (mastery) of the city, urbis p., 
 Sail. Cat. 47 ; <ilso, urbe p. (to capiat e 
 it ; whereas urbis potiri deno'es, 1. c, 
 political ascendency). 8. impetro, i 
 (by request; in ansner to entreaty) : to 
 o. a province (by eager canvassing), 
 provinciam imp., Quint. 6, j, 68: to o. 
 per mission from any one. ab aliquo imp., 
 ut . . . , Caes .B. (j. i. 9 ; having o.'d leave 
 to remain. ini|ietrato ut maneient, Liv. 
 9, JO, Jin. : V. to PREVAii, on. In same 
 sense, exoro, i : too. o/c-'.s request with 
 difficulty, vix exorare, Ter. Andr. ;, 4, i j. 
 I'h r. : having o.'d one's n ish or prayer, 
 voti compos, Hor. A. P. 76: Liv.; also, 
 voti damnaius (under obligation to pay 
 a vow on account of the fulfilment of 
 one's prayer) Liv. 9, 57, extr.; and voti 
 reus, Virg. Aen. 5, 2J7 : to try to o. 
 empty fame, inanem rumorem aucup:iri, 
 Cic in Pis. 24, 57. ||. Intrans., to 
 have currency: teneo, ui, ntum, 2 {not 
 so in Cic): tiie custom Aas o.'d, which 
 gains ground daily, tenuit consuetudo 
 quae qiiotidie niagis invalescit, Quint. 2, 
 init. : V. to prevail. 
 obtestation: obt«statio: v.peotest, 
 
 SCPPLICATION. 
 
 obtrude : inculco, ingero, intrudo : 
 V. TO INTRUDE. Phr.: thoughts which 
 
 0. themselves upon tis against our will, 
 *eae cogiiationes quae invitis nobis ac 
 repugnantibus se objiciunt atque iu- 
 culcant. 
 
 obtrusive : molestus ; qui se nobis 
 moleste infert atque intrudit ; v. to in- 
 trude. 
 
 obtrusively : se ingerendo : cf. Plin. 
 Pan. 86, med. : v. intri'sively. 
 
 obtuse: |. in geometry: obtusus:' 
 cf. Lucr. 4, j;i (angulus obtusus longe 
 ceniitur omnis) : also, hgbes, etis : 
 Front, p. J2, (ioes. ||, Mentally; 
 lacking acuteness. 1. hebes : an o 
 judge. Judex b.. Quint. 4. 2, 66 : Cic. 
 Join: hebes et tardus (sensus), Cic. Ac. 
 
 1, 8, ?i. 2. ret&sus Cic. Div. i, j6, 
 fin. (where ingenia retusa are opp. to 
 acuta). 3. obtusu- (used fig. ot both 
 the senses and the intellect ; more Ireq. 
 of the former): Join : hebes et ob- 
 tusus. Cic. in Lact. }, 14, med. : Virg. 
 See also dull, stupik. 
 
 obtusely : v. stupidly. 
 
 obtuseness: heb6tudo(rare): Macr. 
 Usa better expr. by adj. : what 0. is 
 this ! *quam sunt haec ingenii hebetis 
 atqne retusi ! 
 
 obverse (suits.) : 'superficies (facies) 
 numismatis obversa. 
 
 obviate: ne.irest words, 1. occurro, 
 ri. sum, I (to take measures against any- 
 thing hostile or injurious ; usu. w'ith 
 personal subject or as pass, imfiers. : 
 with dat.) I shaU try to o. both (evils)^ 
 to the best of my ability, utrique rei 
 occurnim quantum potuero, Nep. Pel. i : 
 
 this was kme to o. its seeming that 
 
 occursum est ne viderentur, etc., Val. 
 Max. 8, 5, I : d. Cii. Verr. 4, 47. 105, 
 sentio, judices, occurrenduin esse satie- 
 tati aurium aniniorumque vestroruni. 
 2. obviani eo, 4, iir. (like preced. ; 
 but usu. denoting direct antagonism : 
 V. to face, Rh:sisT) : disgrace nas o.d 
 liy the show of natural affettion. specie 
 pietatis obviam iiuni dedecori, Tac. .4. 
 I? ;, extr. : cf. ib. 4, 64. where obv. ire 
 (without case), signifies, to obviate an 
 evil. 3. 'iiiy olten be expr. by ne : 
 too. this (evil), *qnod ne tieret, ne nsu 
 veniret, etc. v. lest, that (not). 
 
 obvious : ipenus, perspicuus, mani- 
 festiis, etc. V. manifest. 
 
 obviously : aperte : to state what is 
 0. false, aliquid ponere a. falsum, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 75, ?o6- v. clearly. 
 
 occasion (sm6s.) .• |. opportunity: 
 occasio : V. opportunity. Phr.: to 
 give o. fov doing anything, .ansam dare 
 ad aliquid faciendum, Cic. Am. 16, /ire. : 
 PI. : to give o.for suspicion, locum sus- 
 picioni dare, Cic. Coel. 4, init. (the use
 
 OCCASION 
 
 OCCUPY 
 
 OC E AN 
 
 of ansa itnplii-s tliat some oiif else is on 
 the Uxik oat fot- someCU ini/ to lay ImUL o/ : 
 locus, simply thai tliere is room for a 
 thing to he done, tir looked/or : v. bckjsi) : 
 what an o. (lit. u-indow, or as we say, 
 ••door' ) you are. opening for wickedness, 
 quaiitani fciiestram ad in-quiliaiii pate 
 facis ! Ter. Houul. ;, i , t J : an o. of great 
 glani, materies iuKCTilis d>-«)iis, l.iv. i, 
 39, med. : to give 6. for e.ury, niaienem 
 iiividiaedare.Cic. I'll, n, 9, 21 : materifs 
 (-a) is also useii in wider sense in order 
 not to giite Aero atig 0. (viz. of displea- 
 sure or ill-iriU) against him, ne (jiiid 
 niaterlae Nemtii daret, Snet. Gal. 9. 
 (N.B.— Tiie e.\pr. occasionem captare, 
 occurs Auct. Harusp. 26, 55 = '0 "a'c/t 
 for a favourable opportunity . It caiinut 
 be used lor to seek occasion against, 
 whicli may be expr. by, ansani s. niate- 
 riam [reprehensicmis, etc. J quaerere.) 
 II. Jncidevlal rause : per h. causa 
 adjuvaiis. ant«cedeus, proxinia : Cic. 
 Fat. 18, 41. (Cau.sa pro.xima is perh. 
 the best expr. lor ciiniiiiou use.) |||. 
 Emergency: terapus : v. kmkkgkscv. 
 
 occasion ("•) •• expr. by alicui rei 
 ansain or locum dare ; maleriem (-am) 
 dare or praebere : v. preced. art. (Oc- 
 casionem dare = to present an oppor- 
 tunity.) 
 
 occasional : >• e. occun-ing from 
 time to time as occasion is given: 
 o. salUes, *erupii(>nes per occasionem 
 factae fair neather icilh o. squalls, 
 •tempestas plenimque sercna, coorien- 
 tibns spatiuinlcrmissoprocellis: he icas 
 listened to attentirely, though with 0. 
 interruption !i, *c um silenlio auditiis est 
 excepiis paucurum conviciis subinde 
 factis : 0. poems, *cannina nuUo satis 
 certo consilio sed proul data esi materies, 
 condita (composita). 
 
 occasionally : I. ^s occasion 
 offers : per ocaisionem, occasione oblaia : 
 T. OPPOBTUNITV \\. .Xoio and then : 
 1. subinde (frwi time to time : 
 mostly, reguhirly) : cf. Suet. Cat. 50, 
 mentis vaU'tudinem et ip-^e seiiseral, et 
 subinde de secessu deque purgaiido 
 cerebro cogitavit, i. e. at times : Liv. : 
 Col. 2. spatio inleijecto ; intermisso 
 temporis spatio: v. inti:r\ al. 3. laro 
 {very (.Hxasionally) : v. rakely. 4. 
 aliquando : v. .somktimks. 
 occidental : occidentsiis, e : v. 
 
 WESTKltN. 
 
 occiput : occipitium : I'lin. : Quint. 
 Also occiput, cipitis, n. : Pers. i, 62. 
 occult : occultus, arcanus, caecus : 
 
 V. SECHliT 
 
 occupancy : sometimes possessio 
 (dislinguislied fiom doniiiiium, oiviier- 
 ship) : esp. used ofo. of the public lands : 
 V. Smith's Aiitiq. p. j8 : cf. Dig. 41. 2, I. 
 occupant: possessor (esp. with ref. 
 to the pul)lic land : v. Smith's Ant. p. 
 j8) : or expr. by verb : v. to occupy. 
 
 occupation : \. 'fh^ <ict of taking 
 possession : expr. by occupo, tgneo : v. 
 TO oa-L'i'Y. II. Oocupanry : q. v. 
 
 III. Employment: 1. quaestus, us 
 (means of livelihood) : cf. Cic. Off. 1, 42, 
 init., where quaestus and arlihcla com- 
 prise trades or itieans of getting money 
 on the one hand, atid skilled occupations 
 on the other. 2. nfigotium (opp. to 
 otium : anything uhidi it is obligatory 
 to do) : my leisure is caused by lack of 0., 
 nostrum otium ncgoiii iiiopia cunstitu- 
 tum est, Cic. Off. I, i, 2: v. iiUsiNi.;ss. 
 3. occ&patio (ai) engagement) . in 
 the midst of the most impoi tant'o.s, you 
 
 never intermit in maximis occ. 
 
 nunquani iniermittis Cic. Or. 10, 
 
 J4. (O-CUpatio is not merely something 
 that is done, but something that must 
 be attended to.) Ph r. : having no par- 
 ticular o., otiiisus, cf. Cic. Off. iuit. : 
 having pknty of o., negoliosus, Sail Cat. 
 8 (v. Hisv) : ivhen ime has no (^other) 0., 
 quum e,-.t dtium, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 59. 
 
 occupied (l>art. adj.): 1, occu- 
 patus (having an engagement) : Cic. Sen. 
 10, J2- 2. uegotiosus (utri/ »iuc/i o.) ; 
 v. OCCUPATION {li)l.). i'hr. : to hi o. 
 about anything, alicui rei operam dare 
 f_to give due attention to it), Cic. Leg. 2, 
 
 10, init. ; alicui rei vucare : v. ni occupy 
 (IV.). (N.B.— Often not directly expr. : 
 e. g., o. uith reading, writing, etc., Ic- 
 gens, scrll>ens, etc. : cf. Hor. S. i, }, 64.) 
 occupier : possessor esp. with ref. 
 to public land : v. Smith's Ant. p. j8 : 
 more Ireq. e.\pr. by verb: v. T(J occupy. 
 occupy : I. '''" ^^^ possession : 
 
 1. occupo, I (esp. to o. u-ith troops, 
 as a military position) : he o.s tlie toons 
 eadi oith one cohort, (oppida) singulis 
 cohorlibiis occupat, Caes. B. G. i, 11: 
 Cic. Join: (praesidiis) obsidere atque 
 occupare, Cic. Agr. 2, 28, init. 2. "b- 
 sido, } (to o. irith hiistile intent: the 
 currel. obsideo, 2, denotes m.taal stale 
 of ocrupatiiin : v. infr. II.): to 0. {take 
 iip a position on or by) a bridge, pontem 
 ob.s., .S.1II. Cat. 45 to o. the Italian 
 coasts. Iialos obs. tines, Virg. Aeii. -j, 
 iU Cic: cf. supr. (1). 3. insido, 
 sedi. ? (to take up a position in or u/ion : 
 10 which msideo stands related as ob- 
 sideo to ob.-ido) : he o.'d three hills, tres 
 tumulus insedlt, Uv. 8, 24, ad init.: 
 you {the plebs) o.'d tlie Aventine, Aven- 
 tinum insedistis, id. 9, J4 : he o.'d the 
 citadel with troops, arcem militibiis ob- 
 ^e(lit, ib. 26, 44, init. (N.H.— In.sedi is 
 strictly the perfect of iiisideo ; but ap- 
 pears to be used in common for the two 
 verbs. The imperlect tenses of insido 
 are mostly cunlitied to poetry : v. to 
 SETTLE.) 4. capio, cepi, captuni, ? 
 (oft. to take ty force; but also to take 
 op a imition) : to 0. an eminence, locum 
 editum c, .Sail. Jug. 58 Mv. ||. '/'" 
 be in posses.<;ion of : 1. teneo, ui. ntum, 
 2 (most gen. term) : all the hills were 
 o.'d by tlie ainny, oinnes colles ab exer- 
 citu tenebantur, Caes. B. G. }, 14, extr. : 
 Evander had o.'d those regions many 
 ages before, E mullisante tempestatibus 
 ea tenuerat loca, Liv. i, 5, init. : so, of 
 the occupation of a house, Cic. Ph. 2, 41, 
 init. 2. obsideo, sedi. ssum, 2 (usu. 
 with hostile intent) : uhen armed men 
 o.'d all the approaches, quum omnes 
 aditus arraati obsiderent. Cic. Ph. 2, J5, 
 lin. : also in gen. sense, all space is o.'d 
 by body, coriioribus omiiis obsidetur 
 locus, Cic. N. II. I, 25, extr. 3. insTdeo, 
 sedi, ssum, ? (to te posted in or on) : 
 Mago will sho"- you the post you are to 
 0. (for ambuscade), Mago locum nioii- 
 strabit quern iiisideatis, Liv. 21, 54, ad 
 init. (= quem teneas, pauhi supra) : 
 the Britons had hitherto o.'d the hill- 
 tops, Britaimi adhuc summa coUium 
 insederant, Tac. Agr. J7 : Plin. nan. 
 (N.B.— Cicero uses in and abl. after 
 insideo : but the direct ace. is common 
 in later writers.) 4. intraiis. consisto, 
 siiti. stitum, j {to 0. a positioti ; be 
 poHed) : the givund which they o.'d, 
 locus in quo const itissetit. Caes. B. G. i, 
 ij : the fnres of the Britons o.'d the 
 higher ground, Britannorum acies edi- 
 tioribus locis constiterat, Tac. Agr. 15. 
 
 III, To take up, cover or fill: com- 
 pleo, etc. : v. TO fill. Also obsideo, 2 
 {to o. completely) : v. supr. (II., 2). 
 
 IV. To engage: 1. occupy, i {to 
 take up in sucit a way as to preclude 
 other things): this cause tvill o. the first 
 months, haec causa primos menses oc- 
 cupabit. Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 10, med. 
 Esp. in p. part, occupattis: they are 
 
 chiefly o.'d about maguam pariein 
 
 in ... . occupati sunt, id. Tusc. 4, 5, 
 init.: v. kncagkd. 2. ti5iieo, 2 ((" 
 engage the attention of): to be o.'d {OT 
 interested) about the same pursuits, 
 iisdem studiis tencri, Cic. Fam. 7, ??: 
 more fully, aliqua re occupatum lenerl, 
 cf. id. Coel. 19, 44. 3. In P"ss sense, 
 versor, i {to be taken up or engaged 
 with: foil, by in and abl.): to lie o.'d 
 with some pursuit and art, in aliquo 
 studio et arU> v., id. Tusc. I, 24, extr. : 
 eloquence is o.'d (concerned) uith the 
 usage and speecli of men, dicendi ratio 
 in hominuni more "et sermone v., id. do 
 Or. I, t, 12 : so, to be much o.'d with 
 ani/thiiig. in alitiua re mullum et saepe 
 v.."id. guint. I. ?. 4. i" ?«■•«• sense, 
 vaco, I (strictly, to have leisure for, and 
 so in Cic. : hence, to be o.'d with same 
 
 literary or recreative pursuit : with 
 dat.): Plin. Ep. }. 5, 15- IMir. : to J>« 
 entirely o 'd about something, totum 83 
 in aliqua re ponere, Cic. Tu^^c. i. 19, 44: 
 cf. Hor. S. I, 9, 2. totus in ilhs, quite 
 taken up or o.'d with Viem : In tie very 
 much o.'d, maximis occupat ion ibus lin- 
 pediri, Cic. Fam. 12. }o : v. to i>i.stua<t 
 (I.). V- lnmilit.sense,(oJ:««pncM;(ied, 
 engage the intiie attention of: di- 
 siringo, nxi, ctuni, j lUvniibal should 
 be sent into Africa to o. the Homavs. 
 H. in Africam mittendum es.-ic. ad di- 
 stringenilos Komano.s, Liv. jj, 18, crfr.: 
 Flor. 
 occur : \. T" take place, ai-ise : 
 
 1. iiicido, cidi, ! : when any icar 
 0.S, qiium aliquod b<llum inc., Caes. 
 
 B. G. 6. 15 : cases often o., when 
 
 inc. saepe tempora, quum (^ic. Off. 
 
 I, 10, init.: even in standard authors 
 blemishes o., in magnis quoque auc- 
 toribus, inc. vitiosa, yuint. 10, 2. 16. 
 
 2. incurro, j : odd iwunents , sub- 
 seclva' quaedam tempora inc., Cic. Iz-g. 
 1, J, 9: to 0. on a certain day, in ali- 
 qucm diem inc., id. Alt. 7, 7 : Suet. 
 
 3. obvenio, 4: )/ any emeignwy 
 shouhi 0., si quae necessitas tbvenerit, 
 Cic. Off. 2, 21, 74: Pi. Ph r. : when an 
 opportunity o.s, occasione data, Cic. Pb. 
 7, 6, 18 ; so, occasione oblaUi, Suet Caes. 
 7J. See also to happen. (N.B.— Not 
 occurro in this sense.) ||. To be found 
 in tliis or that author : expr. by esse, 
 scriptum vel pi>siium esse, etc. (Kr. 
 rightly condemns such phrr. as, locus oc- 
 currit, locutiones s. senientiae occumint 
 apud ....): the enthymeme which o.s in 
 the speech of Cicero fur Cn. rianciur, 
 id enthymema quod est in oratione .M. 
 TuUii. qua pro Cn. Plancio dixit, (i'll. 
 I, 4, init. ; in tlie jrd book of Q. Qua- 
 drigarius these wwds 0., in y. yuadii- 
 garii tertio libro verba haec sunt, ib. 
 I, 7, med. : the same author freq. uses 
 scriptum est: cf. 1. c, in M. Tullii ora- 
 tione quae est de imperio Cn. Pompeii 
 ita scriptum esse, i. e. thefollou-ing wui ds 
 
 ' 0. : et pass. : this word o.s in the first 
 took, (in) primo libro vcrbum hoc po- 
 situm est, Macr.S^it. ;. 2, med. : or expr. 
 by reperio, invcnio : there o.s the passage, 
 ibl reperitur, ib. ?, 7, med. ; tlie .same 
 thing o.s in Virgil, iiivouies finveniiur, 
 invenietur] idem apud V'irgilium, ib. 4, 
 4 : in Virgil these four styles o., apud 
 Maronem haec quatuur genera reperies, 
 ib. 5, I. Ill, To come into the mind: 
 I, in meiiteni viSiiil: if anything 
 o.s to you, si quid in m. venerit, Cic. Alt. 
 12, j6: it o'd to him In impose a duty 
 on wine, ei in m. veiiit, ut vini porto- 
 rium instituerit, id. Hoiit. ;, tni't. : also 
 foil, bv inf., id. 1 Hv. 2, 26, extr. (SlnnUir 
 is, in "imccam venire, to o. at random, 
 come into one's hecul : Cic. Atl. i. i J, 
 extr.") 2. succurrit. it, j: 1 fel in- 
 clined to iirite whatever o.s, ut qiili-que 
 s., libet scril)ere, C'w. -■Vtt. 14. 1 : l-iv.: 
 Virg. 3. occurrit, it, } (to prcent 
 itsef to the mind, uhether unsolicited or 
 not): cf.Cic. Fin. 4. '7. Al. qu.Hicun.iue 
 in nientem venial, aul quodcunque oc- 
 currat : also, id de Or. 2, 24, 10?, siatim 
 animo occurrit, the question at once pre- 
 sents itself. 4. s»l>it. 4. irr. (like 
 succurrit and in mentein venit, denoiu.g 
 the unprompted rise ,f suggestion i» the 
 mind) then the thought o.'d to them, 
 delude cogitalio animum subiit, Liv. jo, 
 2o, ad init. (foil, by infn.) : also mentem 
 subit. Ov. M. 12. r,i- 5. incidit, it. j : 
 if this thought had not o.'d to me, qua* 
 cogiuitlo si noil iiicidis-et mihi, Cic Att. 
 !};->■ more fullv, in tiienleni inci.lero 
 id.' F"in. 4. 16. 4!- ''hr.: / " i« note 
 down the lines whicli o. to me, qui 
 (versus") se dederint obvios adnotabo, 
 Macr. .Sat. ?. ?. init. 
 
 occurrence : "*"• res : v. cmcu«- 
 STANCE, EVENT. Or expr. by neut. of 
 adj. : in case of any lucky or adi-ersc 0., 
 si quid secundi evenis.set, si quid adversi 
 accidissel, N>p. Ale. 8. 
 
 ocean (a<'P •• oceanus: Cic. Repo. 
 20 Cies. Also, mure oceanum (adj.): 
 Tac H 4. 12 lal. mare oceanus); noe! 
 5-1
 
 OCEAN 
 
 ODOUR 
 
 the 0., proximus mare oceanum, Caes. 
 B. G. J, 7. In Bg. sense (coUoq.), marg : 
 cf. Sail. Cat. 2j, maria montesque pol- 
 liceri. 
 
 ocean (adj-) • ocgSnensis, e : epith. 
 of Bonunia (Boulogne) : Num. in Ecbhel. 
 8, p. no. Or gen. of oceanus: v. ocean. 
 ochre: ochra (Gr. wxpa); Plln. J5, 
 6, 12 : Gels. : pure Lat., sil, silis, n. ; 
 Vitr. 7, 7, init.: Plin. Jj, 12, 56. (if 
 the colour 0/0., silaceus, Plin. J5, 7, jt. 
 octagon: octogonum (octag.): Vitr. 
 I, 6, /i?i. 
 
 octagonal : 1. octogOnos, on (oc- 
 tag.) : an o. tmver, turris o., Vitr. I, 6, 4, 
 2. octangulus: Apul. 
 octahedron : octangula sphaera : 
 Apul. Dogm. Plat, i, p. 595: alBO, octa- 
 hedros, i, /. ; Capell. 
 
 octangular ; octangaius : v. octa- 
 gonal. 
 
 octave : octava sonorum finitio s. 
 terminatio, [quae] appellatur diapason 
 (Qr. Sia waaiov) : Vitr. 5, 4, Jin. Or 
 perh. intervalluni oclavum, cf. ib. } 6 
 (Intervallum septem vocum, Kr.). 
 
 octavo : tiook size : in octavo (sc. 
 scriptus, impressus) : Dralienb. introd. 
 Sil. Ital. : forma octonaria, Wyttenb. in 
 Kr. ; royal 0., (liber) formae octavae 
 majoris (maximae), Wyttenb. in R. 
 and A. 
 
 octennial : octennis, e (eight years 
 old): Aram. 18, 5, med. (Ace. to anal. 
 of triennis, capable of being used in 
 present sense.) 
 OCtennially : *octavo quoque anno. 
 October : October, bris, to. .- Col. ; 
 Pall. With mensis : in the munth of ()., 
 niense Octobri, Veil. 2, 56: thti ist nf 0., 
 Kalendae Oolobres, Mart. To denote 
 a brew of ale, *cerevisia Octobris. 
 
 octogenarian : octogenarius (homo) : 
 Plin. Kp. 6, J!, 2. 
 
 octosyllabic : octosyllabus : Mar. 
 Vict.. : c. ren-se, *uctosyllabi, orum : 
 after anal, of hendecasyllabi (Plin. min. : 
 Cat.). An 0. word, *verbum octo syl- 
 labarum. 
 
 octroi (I'"'" ) ■■ portorium : v. due, 
 piib». m.). 
 
 ocular : expr. by ociilus, conspectus, 
 etc. : to give {as it neie) 0. denumstra- 
 tion of anything, apertum aliquid ante 
 omnium oculos poneie, Cic. R. Am. jf>, 
 init.: so, id. Q. Fr. i, i, 2, in oculis 
 clarissimae provinciae positum esse (but 
 the notion conveyed by these and like 
 phrr. is publicity Ta.theT than mere ocular 
 evidence) : cf. id. Fin. 5, i, 2, ipsum ali- 
 quem in conspectu ponere (to set him 
 before one's very eyes). Ph r. : to gi't o. 
 demonstration of guilt, rem manifesto 
 deprehendere et ob oculos positinn 
 habere, cf. Cic. Cat. j. 2, 4, et fupr. : 
 nocentes adliuc flagranti crimine (depre- 
 hendere). Just. Cod. 9, ij, I : o. decep- 
 tions, *falsa species oculis objecta ; quasi 
 mendacium oculorum. 
 
 ocularly : *oculis, per oculos. 
 oculist: ocularius raedicus: Cels. 6, 
 6, 8, init. .- also ocularius (subs.) : Scrib. : 
 and ocularius chirurgus, Inscr. ( I'he 
 form ocularis also occurs : v- Lat. Diet. 
 u. V.) ' 
 
 odd: I, ^ot eren : impar, aris: 
 
 an even or o. number. Humerus pir, 
 impar, Cic. Ac. 2, 10, ?2: to play at odd 
 and even, ludpre par impar, Hor. S. 2, 3, 
 248. II, Lift over and above round 
 ■numbers or entire guavtities : 1. sub- 
 sficlvus (spare) : o. moments (in intervals 
 of business), s. tempora, Cic. Leg. i, j, 
 9; lempoium velul siibseciva, Quint. 1, 
 J 2, ij : so, o thing to be attended to at o. 
 times, res s., Sen. Ep. Sf, 10. 2. with 
 ref. to round numbers, extra numerura 
 (justum): cf. PI. Men. i, ?, i. |||. 
 Strange: insSlitus, insOlens. novus: v. 
 
 nNUSDAL, STRANGE. |V. Curious, 
 
 droll: 1, perh.facetus: cfCic.de Or. 
 i, 54, 219, imitatores et narratores fa- 
 cetl . V. WITTY, DROLL. 2. ridiculus 
 
 (exciting laughter, funny) : as exclam. 
 ridiculum! hoir odd'. Ter. Andr. j, i, 
 
 l6: V. LAUGHABLE. 
 
 oddity : '• e. an odd or peculiar per- 
 son .• •homo festiva (ridicula) quadara 
 
 512 
 
 ratlone ceteris discrcpans : never vcas 
 such an o., *nihil fuit unquam tam ridi- 
 culum tanique ceteris dissimile. (Ridi- 
 culum caput [R. and A.] is silly felhw .' 
 and monstrum. homo monsiruusus [ib.], 
 denote something revolting rather than 
 comical.) 
 
 oddly; ridiculum in modum ; iiiusi- 
 tato more : v. laughably, strangely. 
 
 OddneSS : I. Of numbers: expr. 
 
 by impar: to numbers belong evenness 
 and 0., •numerorum proprium est, pares 
 aut impares esse: v. odd (1.). ||. 
 
 Strangeness: expr. by adj.: nothing 
 could exceed the o. of the sight, *nihil 
 potuit magis innsltatum magisve ridi- 
 culum esse. 
 
 odds (subs.) : Phr.: to be at o. mth 
 any one, dissldere ab aliquo, Cio. Sext. 
 19, extr. ; d. cum aliquo, id. Ac. 2, 47, 
 14;: and where a mutual relation is 
 denoted, d. inter se, id. Att. i, n (but 
 the expr. is less coUoq. than Eng.): 
 they are at o., lites sunt inter eos factae 
 maximae (they have had a desperate 
 quarrel), Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 8 : to bet any o., 
 quovis pignore certare (to lay any wager 
 you please). Cat. 44, 4 ; more precisely, 
 *quamvis iniquo pignore certare, foil, 
 by ni, PI. Epid. 5, 2, ?}: to lay o. of a 
 talent to a florin, in luum talentum in 
 nunmmra alterius pignus dare, cf. Pi. 
 1. c. J5 : the o. iiere all in favour of the 
 Romans, *Romanis secunda aique op- 
 portuna omnia ; contra hostibus iniqua 
 atque adversa : to have greatly the o. of 
 any one in anything, aliqua re multo 
 superiorem esse: v. advantage (II.); 
 
 SLPERrORITT. 
 
 odious : |. Exciting hatred : odi- 
 osu.s, invisus; or expr. by odio esse: 
 V. hateful. II. Exciting disgust : 
 
 foedus : a most o. a-eature (the bug), 
 animal foedi.ssimum, Plin. 29, 4, 17: a 
 must 0. montter, monstnmi foedissinium, 
 Cic. in Pis. 14, Ji : V. loathsome. 
 
 odiously : 1. odiose (less strong 
 
 than Eug.) : v. offensively. 2. 
 
 tetre or taetre (very offensirely, revolt- 
 ingly): cf. Cic. Div. i, 29, 60, multa 
 facere impure atque tetre : v. revolt- 
 iNGLT. (N.B. — lnvidiose = ttt a nay 
 characterized and attended by ill-uill 
 and odium.) 
 
 odiousness: foedltas (fouhuss, re- 
 vollingness) : Cic. Or. expr. by odium : 
 to express the o. of cruelty, *verbis ex- 
 primere quanto sit omnibus odio cru- 
 deliias: v. hateful. See also odium. 
 
 odium : invidia -. to be the object of 
 o., esse in invidia, Cic. Att. 2, 9, 2 ; ex 
 inv. laborare, id. Clu. fin. : to involve 
 (be attended with) o., inv. habere, id. 
 Agr. 2, 26, 70 : attended ivith 0. (of 
 things), invidiae plenus, ib. $ 68 : to en- 
 deavour to excite o. against any one, in 
 aliquem inv. quaerere, id. Rab. Post. 
 17. 46 ■ to incur o. a),d unpopulariti/, 
 (apud homines) invidiam [offensioiienii- 
 que] suscipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 5;, 1^7. 
 Hence, invidiosus, bringing o. : id. Agr. 
 2, 26, 68 (possessiones inv., referring to the 
 occupancy of public land): also, covered 
 with 0. (of a person), id. Clu. 58, init. 
 Adv. invidiose, in a manner calculated 
 to bring o. oyi any one: id. Mil. 5, 12 
 (meam potentiam invidiose crimin.iban- 
 tur) ; also, under circumstances of 0., 
 Veil. 2, 45 (invidiosius expulsus, 'with 
 ref. to Cicero). See also unfoi-ularity. 
 
 odontology; *od(intologiaquaehodie 
 dicitur. (Or expr. by do dentibus.) 
 
 odoriferous : Odorifer, era, erum ; 
 Prop. Also, suavis, suaveolens (poet.), 
 odorfitus: V. fragrant. 
 
 odoriferousness : suaveoientia (v. 
 rare) : Sid. 
 
 odorous: odoratus: v. fragrant. 
 
 odour: |. Lit.: odos, oris: v. 
 
 SMELL. In concrete sense, liquid o.s, 
 liquidi odores, Hor. Od. i, 5, 2. ||. 
 
 Repute: Phr.: to be in very bad 0., 
 flagrare infamia, Cic. Att. 4, 18, 2 (con- 
 
 sules flagrant inf., quod ); dedecore 
 
 et infamia opertum esse (a stronger 
 expr. still), id. Clu. ^2, 61 : a less strong 
 expr. is, male audire (lo be ill-spoken 
 of), id. Tusc. 5, 40, iuit. to get into 
 
 OP 
 
 bad o. with any one, apud aliquem invi- 
 diam offeusionemque suscipere, id. Verr. 
 2. 2, 55, IJ7 : V. refute. 
 Odyssey: Odyssea: Cic: Ov. 
 
 of: I. Denoting the relation of ow 
 subs, to another: 1, expr. by gen.: 
 pass. N.B.— This constr. cannot be used 
 (a) when the latter subs, denotes the 
 same thing as the former (apposition : 
 a.s, urbs Roma, insula Tenedos, where 
 the gen. can never stand) : nor (b) when 
 the latter subs, denotes a quality of the 
 former, except when an adj. is attached 
 10 the latter (hence, a man of genius, 
 vir ingeniosus or vir magni ingenii : 
 never vir ingenii): nor (c) when the 
 latter subs, denotes the material of 
 which the former is made (a statue of 
 marble, statua marmorea, never statua 
 marmoris): nor (d) in indicating the 
 place of any one's birth (a man of 
 Athens, Atheniensis; never vir Athena- 
 rum). 2. sometimes instead of gen. 
 a prep, may be used, to define more 
 exactly the relation between the two 
 subss. : e. g. the neus of (= concerning') 
 the death of Titurius had not yet reached 
 hiia, nondum ad eum fama de Titurii 
 morte perlata, Caes. B. G. 5, }() : much 
 flattery of (= addressed to) Augusta on 
 the part of the Senate, mnlta patrum in 
 Augustam adulatio, Tac. A. i 14: fear 
 of (aiising from, caused by) the Em- 
 peror, metus ex Imperatoie, ib. 11, 20 
 (a constr. not to be imitated). ||. In 
 partitive sense : 1. expr. by gen. 
 (after all words which denote a part of 
 a number ; including comparatives and 
 superlatives, Zunipt } 429): that at 
 least one of the consuls should he ap- 
 pointed from the commons, ut consulum 
 uiique alter ex plebe crearetur, Liv. 6, 
 }$, mea : so also with uterque: you 
 will greatly oblige both of us, utrique 
 nostrum gratum admodum feceris, Cic. 
 Am. 4, 16 (but in pi., hi utrique, both, 
 of these; not horum utrique); thoa 
 mightiest of princes, maxime principum ! 
 Hor. Od. 4, 14, 6: the elder of (two) 
 young men, major juvenum, id. A. P. 
 j66; Cic- (to do anything) best of all, 
 optime omnium, Cic. Fam. 4, i ?, extr. 
 (N.B. — This constr. is not used with 
 words signifying a part of a single 
 whole; in which case an adj. usu. occurs 
 in agr. with subs. : e. g. the top, bottom 
 of a tree, suinma, ima arbor, etc. : L. G. 
 i J4') 2. expr. by preps, de, ex, and 
 less freq. inter : a few of our men are 
 s/a)«, pauci de nostris cadunt, Caes. B. G. 
 I, i;: one of them, warn de illis, Cic. Mil. 
 24, 65 : one of the many (the common 
 herd), unus de multis, id. Off. i, io, 109 
 (also, unus e multis, id. Fin. 2, 20, fin.): 
 the keenest of all the senses, acerrimus es 
 omnibus stnsibus, id. de Or. 2, 87, J57: 
 one of the soldiers, quidam ex militibus, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 42: Croesus richest of 
 kings, ille Croesus opulentissimus inter 
 reges. Sen. Contr. : Mela. N.B. —(I). 
 Instead of either the gen. or a prep., 
 must be used an adj. in agreement with 
 its subs., when the whole are included: 
 e. g., but a few of us survive, nos paucl 
 supersumus : cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 6, ij, veni- 
 amus ad vivos, qui dwo e consularium 
 numero reliqui sunt, i. e. two of whom : 
 so, how many are tliere of you f quot 
 estis? the prep, of denoting a kind of 
 apposition, not separation. (2). After 
 the dualizing words alter, uter, neuter, 
 uterque, the gen. is preferred: after a 
 superlative, the gen. denotes absolute, 
 unqualified superiority, as a thing be- 
 yond doubt : when de or ex is used, the 
 objects compared are placed more on a 
 level. (3). After words not included In 
 the preced. two cases, the use of a prep, 
 is usual in prose, not of a genitive. 
 
 III. To denote the material of which 
 a thing is made : 1, ex : esp. after 
 the verb facio : a statue of bronze, statua 
 ex aere facta, Cic. Verr. 2,21,50; Varr. : 
 also without facio : cups of gold, pocula 
 ex auro, ib. 4, 27, 62 (but this constr. is 
 less fit for common prose). 2 de 
 
 (mostly poet. : constr. like preced.) : a
 
 OFF 
 
 OFFENSIVE 
 
 ttatiu (^made) of marble, factum do 
 niannore sigmim.Ov. M. 14. Jlj: / i"iH 
 buihi a templf of marbU, tcmplum de 
 niannore poiiam, Vlrg G. }, IJ' Tib. 
 So of transformations: to make a cap- 
 <tre of a fcing, cuplivum de n-Re faccre. 
 Just. 7, 2. 3. t'xpr. by adjj. in -eus, 
 -nus ■ e. g. made of vood, marble, fir, 
 oak, Ugneus, niarmureus, abiegmis, ilig- 
 nus, etc. : V. woudk.n, etc. |V. '^'^' 
 
 noting quality or description : 1. 
 
 p.xpr. by yen. or a';'., but only when the 
 latUT subs, has un adi. joinwl with it 
 {L. G. J} 274, ;i8) : a man of the kiyhest 
 tahnU, vir sumuiac indolls or summa 
 indole; sumiui inRenii or sunmio inge- 
 nio: jMss. 2. when ttie second subs, 
 has no adj . repres'^nt the Kng. subs, by 
 an adj. : tlius, a tiling of beauty, res 
 pulchra; id quod pulclirum est: see cor- 
 responding ailjj. V. ' " denote cause : 
 expr. by ahl . -. e r. to die of a dUease, 
 of hunger, of cold, morbo, ineiliu, frigore 
 perire: I... "(J. $ Jll VI. = ■^'^"'• 
 
 with reference to: de v. 0)NCEBSiSG. 
 V||. Inseparalile from certain verbs; 
 as to smell of, taste of, cojisist of: v. to 
 SMELL, etc. 
 
 off (j)rep and adv.): |. Adv., at 
 
 a distance : usu. with words denoting 
 
 distance: as, far 0(7, a long uay off, 
 
 pr6cul, loiige ; to be a long tvay off, 
 
 longe abesse: v. fak, distant. ||, 
 
 As modifying the sense of certain verbs : 
 
 e. g. to bear off, auferre ; to come off 
 
 (yictnrious, etc.). discedere ; to make off, 
 
 se In pedis couJic<re, etc. : see the 
 
 several verbs |||. Asinterj.: I'hr. : 
 
 off with yon', aufer te niodo ! I'l. Kud. 
 
 4, }, 104: hinc vos amoliiuini ! Ter. 
 
 Andr. 4, 2, 24. See also awav. jV. 
 
 Of geographical position, lying at a Utile 
 
 distance from the coast : 1. e.xpr. by 
 
 objicoo, ui, 2 (to lie opposite or off) ; in 
 
 connexion with which may be used 
 
 p. part, ohjectus, li/ing off (with iktt. or 
 
 contra and ace.) : (tsiawds) nkidi lie off 
 
 the promontory of Taurus, quae contra 
 
 Tajiri proniontoriuni objaceut, Mela 2, 
 
 7: thue (islands) lie of the coasts of 
 
 Tliracia and (h-eece, hae Thracum Graio- 
 
 nimque terris objacent. ib. : Leuce, lying 
 
 off' the mouth of the Borysthenes, Ijeuce 
 
 Borysthenis ostio objecia, ib. In sim. 
 
 sense, adjaceo, to lie close to : they He off' 
 
 the coasts of Asia, Asiaticis regionibus 
 
 adjacent, ib. 2. coutra : v. oitositf, 
 
 TO. 3. pr5cul ; usu. denoting a cim- 
 
 siderable distance, but used by V'irg. of 
 
 places lying off, but in view (pro oru- 
 
 ll.s): cf Aen. 5, 124, est procul in pelago 
 
 eaxum spumantia contra littora : also 
 
 id. K. 6, 16. V- I^uoting cimdition, 
 
 supplies, etc. : Phr. : to be nell of for 
 
 provisions, for the nrcessaries of life, 
 
 fnimento commeatuque abundare ; lis 
 
 rebus quae sunt necessariae (aii vitam) 
 
 abundare, cf. Cic. Sen. 16, 56 (villa 
 
 abundat porco, etc.): to be badly off far 
 
 provisions, a re frumentaria laborare, 
 
 Caes. B. (i. 7, 10 : he rvas poorly off even 
 
 for fodder, ne pabuli quidem satis magna 
 
 copia suppetebat, ib. i, 16: to see that 
 
 (the community) are veil of for all the 
 
 n^C' ssaries of life, consulere ut earum 
 
 ©■pia rerum sit, quae sunt necessariae, 
 
 Cic. Off. 2, 21. 74: to be well of for lei- 
 
 sure, otio abundare, id de Or. 1,6, 22: 
 
 Athens lias "ell off for waters of genius, 
 
 provenere (.\tlienis) soriptorum magna 
 
 ingenia. Sail. Cat. 8 (so, la be. badly off 
 
 may be expr. by minus provenire). 
 
 ofi(adj.): uU(">rior, us : v. farther. 
 
 oiFal '. I. '1'^-'' waste parts if meat : 
 
 •viscerum partes quae cibo inutiles sunt ; 
 
 pecudis ob cibum caesi cor, pulmones. 
 
 ceteraque eJusmo<li. ||, 'Wliatever is 
 
 useless and vile : quisquiliae : v. rkkuse 
 
 (subs.). 
 
 offence : I. l>isplea.mre ; also that 
 which is calumniated to displease : 1, of- 
 fensio (strictly, the act of wounding any 
 on^s feelings : also, the state of mind 
 thus caused in anothiT) : to avoid giving 
 o. (mak-ing tmesrlf unp'pular). offensi- 
 onem vltare, Cir. Mur. 20, init. : to take 
 ■ and to banish it from the mind, of. 
 jioci})ere atque deponere, id. Alt. i, 17, 
 
 ad init. : to cause any <me so great 
 o., alicul offensionem tarn graven) [et 
 coramulationem tantum volimtatis] af- 
 ferre, ib. (But to give o.. must be expr. 
 liyoffendo; v. to offkM).) 2. offensa 
 (the state or positi/m of un'- vho has 
 given offence, esp. to a great man, and 
 incurred his displeasure) : Cic. Alt. 9, 2 
 (magna in of. sum apud Pompeium, i. e. 
 am under his displeasure) : Suet.Vesp.4. 
 Phr.: / saw he had takrn o. at some- 
 thing, videbam 8ulx's;;( [ei] nesiio quid 
 opinionis incommodae, Cic. All i, 17: 
 to refuse to take o., Injurias tolerare, ib : 
 easy to take o. and easy to drop it, irri- 
 tabilis et placabilis, ib. : witlumt o., bonii 
 venia (v. leavk, subs.). See also IN- 
 jiin, AFFiiosT. II, Cause of Ftum- 
 
 bling : * scandaluni (Gr. aKa.v&a.\o\') : 
 Vulg. Mall, xviii. 7, etc. v. stumki.im;- 
 BUKjK. Ill, Something done amiss: 
 
 1. delictum or peccatum (gen. tenn); 
 Cic: 'llor. : v. siK, fault. 2. no\jL 
 
 (criminal): Caes. B. G. 6. 16: Dig.: v. 
 CRIME. Phr.: it is an o. against 
 morality, contra bones mores est: v. 
 contrakv to. 
 
 ofEend : I. To inmr any one's dis- 
 pleasure : 1. offendo. <li, sum, 5 (to 
 wound any one's feelings, to affrimt : 
 with ace.) : to 0. any one by deed, word, 
 look, of. aliqucm re, verl)o, vullu, Cic. Bal. 
 26, init. : also with prep., he had o.'d 
 the common people (lost favour with 
 tliem) in the matter of the treasury, 
 apud plebem de acrario offendisse, id. 
 Att. 10, 4, 2. Foil, by infin.: he was 
 o.'d at anything being c(mipi>sed aliout 
 /am, componi aliquid de se offendebatur. 
 Suet. Aug. 89: Phaedr. (not so in Cic). 
 
 2. Iiedo, si, sum, } (to injure or 
 wrong in any way : stronger than 
 offendo, and indicating the nature of the 
 ai:t by nhirh offence is givm; whereas 
 offendo indicates more dirertly the feel- 
 ing provoked): what deity being o.'d, 
 quo numine laeso, Virg. Aen. i, 8: to 
 
 0. no one by abusive speech, nuUi 1. os, 
 Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10: cf. Nep. Att. 11, 
 neque laedebat quenquam, etc. (he 
 never did anything to o. any one). 
 
 3. expr. to be o.'d at by stumaclior, 
 1 (to fret, be irritated at anything): 
 the old man was o.'d if I hail said 
 anything too har.';h, siomachabatur se- 
 ne.\ si quid asperius dixeram, Cic N. D. 
 
 1, }},fn.: foil, by ob and ace, llor. Kp. 
 I, I, 104. 4. (also in pass, sense) 
 aegre fero, patior ( to be annoyed at 
 anything): Ter.: Cic. (but the expr. de- 
 notes vexation at something that has 
 taken place, rather than offence taken 
 against a person: cf. Ter. Andr. i, i, 
 iio,redeo inde iratus atque aegre ferens, 
 angry and mortified or vened: so mo- 
 leste, graviter fero): v. vexki), to be. 
 
 II. To be displeasing to: offendo, }: 
 to ». tiie ears (of harsh diction), aures of., 
 Cic. Or. 44, 150. With ref. to that which 
 offends or shocks the moral sense, con- 
 scelerare aures, Liv. 40, 8, fm. |||. 
 To transgre.<:s : pecco, 1 : too. from ig- 
 norance, ignoratione (rei) p., Cic Or. 21. 
 with aac. of ne.ut. pron., so to 0., 
 
 70 
 
 talia p., Ov. Pont, j, 7, 10. |V. T<i 
 offend against : 1. viOlo, i (to violate 
 laws): V. to break (III.), violate. 
 
 2. pecco, I : folL by in and ace. : 
 if I have in aught o.'d against you, si 
 quid in te peccavi, Cic. Att. J, is, 5 
 Vulg. Luc. XV. 21 (peccavi in eoelum). 
 
 V. To cause to stumble (morally): 
 only in N. T., scandaltzo, i : Vulg. Matt, 
 xviii. 6. 
 
 offended ( l>a''t- <"'j) ■ 1. "^ff^"- 
 sus: (I. feeling, ol. [et alienalus] ani- 
 mus, Cic Att. 1, 17 compar offcnsior 
 (someiihal o.), ib. i. 5. 2. aversus : 
 
 o. friends, a. amiei, Hor. S. i, 5, 29: 
 
 Cic: v. UNFUIENDLV. 
 
 offender : peccator, /. -trix : for 
 which pies. part, ol pecco may mostly 
 be u.sed : L. G. { 658. 
 
 offensive: I. Causing offence or 
 
 displeasure : 1. expr. by dlsplicere, 
 odio esse, offensionem habere: v. to 
 ti.si'LEase; hatekul; offence. 2. 
 
 Odiosus (hiyldy disagreeable, objection- 
 1 L 
 
 OPFEH 
 
 oHe) : on o. doss of people, o. genua 
 bominum, Cic. Sen. 20, 71 . /t« did many 
 o. things, multa odiosa fecit, N.p. Ale 
 2, extr. : an o. word, verbum o., Cic. Or. 
 8, 2;. 3. foedus (extremely 0., revoU- 
 ing) : cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 26, quo (tyranno) 
 neque tetrius, neque foedius, nee dlis 
 bominibusque invisius animal ullum 
 cogitari potest: v. revolting, HATKFru 
 II, Disagreeable to the senses: 1. 
 gravis (with ref to smell : strong, ranlc) : 
 o. water-snakes, g. chelj'dri, V'irg. G. j. 
 415 : Hor. (but not always in bad sense, 
 cf. Plin. 2!, 9, 70, odore suariter graviV 
 Also grave olens, Virg Aen. 6, 201 ; 
 and as one word, Apul. 2. foetld-jp . 
 v. FETID. 3. fastidlendus (exciting 
 
 nausea or disgust : rare) : Plln. 25, 7. 
 }8. 4. piitidus (esp. offensive to good 
 taste) : practices (on thepart of spoalcers) 
 disagreeable and o., raolesta el puiida, 
 Cic de Or. }, ij, extr. (where, immedi- 
 ately after, odiosus occurs as strengt hened 
 syn.). Dimin., piitidulus (someirhat so) : 
 Mart. III. 0pp. to drfmsire: expr. 
 
 by helium infCro, j, irr. : not to act on 
 tlie o., but the defensive, bellum non in- 
 fcrre sed defendere, Caes. B. G. i, 44: 
 the Romans were acting on the defensive 
 rather than the o., Komani arcebant ma- 
 gis quam inferebant helium, Liv. 10, 28, 
 init. : they were strong enough to assume 
 the o., inferendo quoque bello satis pol- 
 lebant, Tac. H j, 55 (K. and A.): a 
 league 0. ami defensive, *foPdus ad infe- 
 rendum nihilominus quam dcfendendum 
 bellum initum. 
 
 offensively : 1. 5di5.se : Cic de Or. 
 2, 65, 262 PI. 2. putlde (so as to 
 offend good ta^te) : Cic: v. offensive 
 (11.. 4). 
 
 offensiveness : expr. by adj.: ». 
 offensive. 
 
 offer ("•)•■ A. Trans.: |. 7b 
 presefntfor acceptance or rejection : 1. 
 porrigo, rexi, ctum, } (to hold out for 
 acceptance) : to 0. any one the hand, 
 dextram alien! p., Cic. Deiol. j, 8: too. 
 any one a snord to kill, gladium alicui 
 p. ad occidendum, id. Mil. i,extr. (tig.). 
 2. offero, obtiili, liituni, j. irr. : a 
 soldier o.'d a drawn suord, miles strictum 
 oblulit gladium, Tac A. i. i$,fin.: tlity 
 o.'d the siml to Chrysogimus, praedaro 
 Chry.sogono obtulerunl, Cic. H. Jixa. J7. 
 107 : esp. in such tig. exprr. as, offerre se 
 ad moriem (to 0. or expose oneself to 
 death), id. Tusc i, 15, ini<.,etc. 3. de- 
 fero, J, ir}-. (implying superiority in 
 the pers'in offering) : Dumnorix had af- 
 firmed that the throne ivas o.'d him by 
 Caesar, liumnorix dixerai sibi aCacsare 
 regnum deferri, Caes. B. u. 5.6: too. the 
 enemy (terms of) peace, pacem hostibus 
 d., Liv. 2}, li.med. (but, excepting in the 
 imperfect tenses, defero is always to l)e- 
 stoir). 4. do. I, irr.: strictly to j/iir ; 
 but capable of being used = to offer, in 
 imperfect tenses. 5. profUeor, fes.<us, 
 2 (to o. freely, cheerfully) ; he o.s his aid 
 for that puipose, se ad e,im rem profiie- 
 tur adjiitorem, Caes. B. 0. ;, j8. .loin ; 
 profiteri atque polliceri, Cic: v. To VRo- 
 MisE. II. TO present in worship or 
 sacrifice : ofRro, { (late in this s.n.se) : 
 Vulg. Luc. V. 14, et pass. : Prud. See 
 also to sacrifice (macio, sacrifico, etc.). 
 Phr.: to o. prayers, >' orship. to the gods, 
 preces, cultus diis adhibere, Cic N. P. i, 
 2, J. 111. In fig. sense, to present 
 
 (itself) to the mind: occurro. 1 v. rt* 
 PRESENT (it-self). IV. r" "'<'*•■< "*' 
 of, apply : Phr. : to o. violence to any 
 one, vim alicul afferre, Cic Caec. 21.61; 
 adhibere, id. Off. !, Jo, no; spi-cially, to 
 a woman, stuprare; stupruni muli.ri 
 Inferre, Cic : v. Tu debauch. B. ' "• 
 trans.: |. 7b arise, occur: I'hr . 
 when opportunity os, occaaione oblala. 
 etc.: V. TO ix«iR (1.). II. 7b volun- 
 teer : profiteor, 2 : v. :upr. (A., 1.. 5). 
 
 offer (subs.) : P h r. : to make or ac- 
 cept O.S of peace, pacem deferre. acdpere, 
 Liv. 2?, i 5, 7n«i. .• to moA-e an (a bid), 
 conditionem ferre. PI. Kud. ?. !. 5' *« 
 reject an o., conditionem respuere, Caes 
 (v. pR0it>s.»..', . to tnah- a lady an 0. 
 •mulieri conditionem deferre. 
 
 5"
 
 OFFERING 
 
 OFFSCOURING 
 
 OFT, OFTEN 
 
 offering {sabs.) .- l. donum : Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 24: Liv. 2. oblatio ( = Ur. 
 npoir<t)opa- late): Vulg. Eph. v. 2, etc. : 
 I'reces ilissao. See alsu sacrifice. 
 
 offertory : otfertoi ium (hite) : Isid. 
 Or. 6, ig, 24; where it is enumeraieU 
 among the paits of public worship : in 
 the R. Cath. service, tlie term denoies 
 that portion of the service of the mass 
 in which the hnst is offn-ed, oblatio niis- 
 Sae : Pieces Missae. (Ace. to Forcell. 
 the word denotes Che place of offering : 
 but ihis sense is not supported by the 
 passiige in Isid. to whiuh he appeals.) 
 (N.B. — Avoid such roundaljout exprr. 
 as. *ea pars ciiltus divini qu.i peiuniam 
 in u>um paupernm conferimus: but the 
 term offertorium may be properly qiia- 
 litied by, quod [apud nostratesj dicitur, 
 quod [iio>tr.itesJ diciint ) 
 
 offices : I. Special duty : officium, 
 muniis, partem (cf. Oae.s. B. C. J, 51, aliae 
 enim sunt legati partes, aliae impera- 
 toris) ; or e.xpr. by yen. after verb to be; 
 or neut. of j/oss. pron., meum es , etc. : 
 T. DUTi". II An official position or 
 
 function : 1. niagi^tratus, lis : t<i 
 
 inter upon o., m. inire, Cic. I'h. ;, 1, 2; 
 tngredi. Sail. Jun. 4;: to remain in o., 
 in m. maiiere, Liv. 5, 11, nied. : to exer- 
 cise llm h ghest o., summum m. e.\ercere, 
 lb. 7, ;?. (Concernmi^ the high 0// as to 
 which this term applies, v. Diet. Ant. s. 
 v) 2. poii-stas (';/ a magistratus: t» 
 be carelully distiiiguishf^d from potentia, 
 uncmistitatiimal po" tr) : tite pi artonan 
 0., p praetoria, Cic. Man. 24, 69 : the tri- 
 bunician o., tribunicia p., Sail. Cat. ^8, 
 init. : comp. l.,ex in Cic. Leg. }, ?, 9, 
 imperia, |>ote^tates, legaiiones, i. e. mili- 
 tary and civil o.s and embassies. 3. 
 muniis. 6ris, n. (includes any task or 
 function): to have enjoyed all the honours 
 and OS of state, honoribns et reipublicae 
 muneribus perlunctum esse, L'ic. de Or. 
 I, 45, 199 : to sustain the consular o. 
 (though not actually consul), coiisulare 
 m. sustinere, Cic. Fam. 10. 12, med.: 
 you hace fal/illed your o. nell, laute m. 
 administrasti tuum, Ter. Ad. 5, i, 2 : to 
 fulfil a public 0. imdcrtiiken, susceptum 
 reipublicae m. explere, Cic. prov. Cons. 
 l^,fin. ■ instead of munera, may be used 
 as pi. miinia, but only in nom. and ace. : 
 he proceeded to discharge the o s of em- 
 pire, munia Imperii obiliat, Tac. H. i, 
 77, imt.: to sustain (the burden of) so 
 impoi tant o.s, tanta munia sustinere, Cic. 
 Sext. 66, i}3. (But in Cic. at least, 
 muMus does not appear to be used in 
 technical sense : v. duty). 4. expr. 
 by praepono, praef icio (to appoint to an 
 o.) ; praesiim (to hold an o.): with dat. 
 of that over uhich management is exer- 
 cised : holding the 0. of chamberlain, 
 praepositus cnbiculo, Suei. Dora. 16: to 
 appoint an-'i one to the o. of finance 
 minister, aliquem vectigalibus praepo- 
 nere. Tac. A. 15, 18 : to appoint to the o. 
 of commander, imperatorem bello prae- 
 ticere, Cic. Man. \6, fin. : holding the o. 
 of ce7isor of murals, praefectus moribus, 
 id. Clu. 46, 129 (but praefectus is perh. 
 oftener subs., and takes gen. ,■ so, prae- 
 fectus praetorii or praetorio, etc. : v. 
 Lat. Diet. s. V.) : to hold the 0. of governor 
 of a province, praeesse provinciae. Sail. 
 Cat. 4fl; also, in provincia, Cic. Verr. {, 
 77, 180. 1' h r. : you have got a difficult 
 
 0. '. proviiuiam cepisti duram ! Ter. Ph. 
 
 1, 2, 22: out of 0., *privatus; ab onini 
 reipublicae administratione remotus (R. 
 and A.) |||, Act of kindness or good- 
 will: officium: to limit friendship to 
 a7i interchange of good o.s and lewdly 
 feelings, amicitiam paribus o. ac volun- 
 tatibus definire, Cic. Am. 16, 58: v. 
 6EBVIOE. IV. Formulary of devotion : 
 • officium : the o. for mass, of. missae, 
 Alcuin. (Quich.): v. Du Cange, s. v. 
 
 V. Place where business is altendid 
 to: 1. perh. tabularium {record-o'^^ce : 
 public) : Cic. N. D. j, 30, 74 : h\v. Also, 
 tabularia : fr. in Non. 208, 29. Tabuli- 
 num (tablinnm) is used of a chamber 
 dernted to a similar purpose in private 
 houses: Plin. };, 2, 2 $ 7 : Vitr, 2. 
 
 perh. *scriniarium (formed like tabula- 
 5U 
 
 riura, e'c. : scrinium, under the Empire, 
 denoting an (fficial ponjolio or bureau) : 
 but only of public offices. 3. i" com- 
 mercial sense, best expr. by mensa (cour- 
 ier ; cf. (jerm. use of comptoir) : to open 
 an o. (J^or bulling and selling). men>am 
 (palam) proponere, Cic. in Pis. ?6, 83 : 
 a banking o., argentaria (sc. mensa) : 
 l.iv. 26, 27, init.: Cic. See al>o shop. 
 
 officer: 1. expr. by praelecius, 
 
 praepositus (the former used both as 
 part and as subs. ; the latter only as 
 part.) : the (commanding) o. if\ the 
 guard, praefectus custodum, Nep Eum. 
 II : a caualry o., praefectus equitum, 
 Hirt. B. G. 8, "i2 (also, esp. In pL, with- 
 out equitum: praefecti, t/ie coHi//Ki»'(i>)p 
 officers of cavalry, as distinct from the 
 trilmni militum or legionary o.s, Caes. 
 B. G. I, J9, etc.) : to choose o.s and obey 
 them, praepimere electos, audire prae- 
 positos, Tac. G. jo: v. offick (4). 2. 
 abstr. for concrete, impgrium (only pi. 
 ill this sense; and commonly of the su- 
 preme military authorities) : military 
 o.s and magistrates, imperia, potentates. 
 Lex in Cic. Leg. ;, [,9: cf. Caes. B. C. 
 ?, ?2, erat plena lictorum et imperiornm 
 (tictors and other o..«). differta praefectis 
 atque exactoribus (all kinds of oflicials ; 
 military and financial). See also COM- 
 MANDKR, snpERiNTENUhNT, etc.: accord- 
 ing to the specific nature of the office 
 held. 
 
 official (ffl'O' ) •■ I'll r. : holding an o. 
 position, *magistratum gerens, magi>tra- 
 tui praepositus: an o.disi>at h, *litterae 
 publice scriptae (cf. Liv. 4, i j, med., 
 Minucius, eandeni publice curationem 
 agens, quam Maelius privatim agendam 
 susceperat) : dressed in the 0. robe, prae- 
 textatus (ihe toga praelexta being iiorn 
 by magistrates in time of peace), Cic. in 
 Pis. 4, 8 ; trabeatus (tlie irabea being 
 tcorn by kings and perhaps by augurs ; 
 also by equiies on state occusion:^), Ov. 
 K. I, J7 : Tac; paludatus (the paluda- 
 mentuni being mw?) by consuls talcing 
 the field), Cic. in Pis. i ;, fin.: Caes.: 
 Liv." (Officiali.s, late and to be avoided.) 
 
 official (subs.) : minister (imperii, 
 magistratus, etc.): Cic. y. Fr. i, i, } 
 (omnes niinistros imperii tui, all your 
 officials). Frequemly, accensus, lictor, 
 viator, may serve ; these petty officers 
 being the attendants on pe)-fons in au- 
 thority (v. Lat. Diet. s. vv.): in same 
 sense, officialis: Ulp. Dig. j6, 4. 5 $ 27, 
 aui per viatorem aut per ofiicialempiae- 
 fecti, aut per niagistraius introducendus 
 est in possessionem. 
 
 officialism : *molestus accensorum 
 lictorumque apparaius. 
 
 officially : publice (by public au- 
 thority): Liv. 4, I J, med.: Caes. 
 
 officiate : ^'i^ i>> religious ceremo- 
 nies : expr. by rem divinam facere, 
 iiperatum esse: cf. Cato R R. 14;, Ae 
 (the steicard) must Icnoic that the master 
 OS on behalf of the whole household, scilo 
 doniinum pro tola familia rem d. facere 
 (but the phr. in itself denotes simply to 
 engage in religiiius ritrs) : he saw him- 
 self (in a dream) o.ing at a sacrifice, 
 vidit se operatum, Tac. A. 2, 14, init. : 
 Hor. The oH dating priest who dis- 
 patched the victims, was called popa or 
 cultrarius (fur which, minister, Lucr. i, 
 91) : V. Lat. Diet. s. vv. 
 
 officious : molestus, odiosus (gen. 
 terms) : cf. Phaedr. 2, 5, 4 : v. troublk- 
 so.MK. More precisely, *qui moleste se 
 officiaque sua infert atque intrudii. 
 (Officiosiis ^full of attentions, very 
 obliging.") 
 
 officiously : odiSse, mOleste (in a 
 troublesome, annoying uay) : v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 0ffici0U<iIiesS : * molesta s. odiosa 
 sedulitas : cf. Hor. Ep. 2, i, 260. 
 
 offing (sMte.): Phr.: they withdrew 
 to the 0., recepere classem in altum, Liv. 
 21, 45, fin. : an island situated just in 
 the o., insula littori proxima ; quae est 
 contr.i sinum, mare, etc., .\lela 2, 7. 
 
 offsCOUring : purgamentum (dirt, 
 sweepings : both lit. and fig.) : the 0. of 
 this world, purgamenta hujus mundi. 
 
 Vulg. I Cor. iv. 14. See also kettjse 
 (subs.). 
 
 offset : I. -^ shoot, sprout : sur- 
 culus, planta : v. shoot. ||, a com- 
 pensation : expr. by aequo, compenso, i 
 
 V. TO COUNTEKBALAUCE. 
 
 offspring: 1. libgri, orum, (of 
 
 human beings) : to have o. by a noman, 
 e.\ muliere 1. habere, Cic. Att. i6, ii, 
 init. : to beget o., I. procreare, id I'usc. 5, 
 J7, /(7i. . legally the term liberi included 
 also grandchildren, greatgrandchildren, 
 etc. Call. Dig. 50, 16, 220. 2. niiii. 
 orum (young of men or animals: 1 sp. 
 poet.): affection for Hieir o. (oj hordes), 
 amor natorum. Col. 6, 27, fin. : si- eet 
 (dear) 0. (of cattle), dulces n., Virg. U. j, 
 178: Ov. : Phaedr. 3. progenies, ei (col- 
 lectively, those more or less remotely de- 
 scended from the same) : the ancients 
 called themselves ihe o. of the gods, veteres 
 se pr. deorum esse dicebant, Cic. Tim. ii : 
 out of a numerous o., ex magna pr., Liv. 
 45, 41, extr.- puet. with ref. to one per- 
 son (=: fihus), Virg. Aen 10, 471 (Sarpe- 
 don mea progenies) : v. irogeny. 4. 
 proles, is,/, (a p(jet. word = pr' genies ; 
 yet adapted for occa.sional use in prose : 
 Cic. de Or. 3, j8, 153 ; where both proles 
 and suboles are mentioned among exprr. 
 which render a style more imposing and 
 arcliaic, quibus loco fiositis, grandior 
 et antiquior oratio saepe videri solet) ; 
 to bring forth twin o., p. eni i gemellam, 
 Ov. M. 9, 4;j : V^iig. Of aninmls, Lucr. 
 1,260: Virg.: and even o{ plants : the 
 0. of the sloic-gii/ii ing olive, p. tarde 
 crescentis olivae, Virg. 6. 2, j. 5 
 siiboles or sobOles, is, /'. (like proles : 
 V. supr. 4) : dear o. if the gods '. cara 
 deum s. ! Virg. K. .\. 49 Cic. Off. i 17, 
 54. Also used ol animals ,• Col. : Plin. 
 6. stirps. slirpis,/. (chiefly poet, or 
 late = progenies) : male o. by the new 
 alliance, s. virilis ex novo matrimonio> 
 Liv. I, I, extr.: Virg.: v. lineage. 
 (N.B. — If used at all in prose, stirps 
 should be confined to rhetorical lan- 
 guage.) •;. gfinus, ens, «. (poet.) : the 
 daring o. (=zson) of lapetus, audax Ja- 
 peti g., Hor.Od. i, {, 27 Virg. (N.B.— 
 Prosapia=,'.7ocA-,/una/_i/, Uncage: never 
 o.tfspring.) 8. partus, u.s (^oang of 
 animals) : beasts fight fur ttieir 0., 
 bestiae pro partii propiigiiatil, Cic. Tusc. 
 2, 27, fin. 9. expr. by participles, 
 ortus, satus, editus, geniius, natus (with 
 abl.) : thou 0. of .•<atu>n '. orte Saturno ! 
 Hor. Od. I, 12, ;:> ; the 0. of Anchises 
 (viz. Aeneas), satus Anchisa, Virg. Aen. 
 5, 244 : thou o. ofroi/al ancestors ' atavig 
 edite regibus ! Hor.Od. i, init. (This 
 last mode of expr. is best suited to such 
 passages ai Milton's, Hail holy Light, 
 o. of heaven! Ave lux sacra, aethere 
 prima genita !) 
 
 oft, often : 1. saepe : pass. The 
 compar. saepius is oft. used with quasi- 
 positive sense : it tieeds to be o. (again 
 and again) repeated, saepius est diceo- 
 dum, Cic. Am. 22, 85 : Virg. Often 
 strengthened, saepenumero (oftentimes): 
 Caes. B. G. I, ;? : Cic. Very often, per- 
 saepe, Cic. (N.B. — Saepenumero, like 
 saepius, lays nmre stress on the thing 
 mentioned : cf. Cic. Sen. 2. init., saepenu- 
 mero admiral i soleo, oftentimes, or again 
 and again liave I, etc.) 2. erebro 
 (frequently ; in close succession : where- 
 as saepe denotes simply inany times) . 
 V. frequently (where the use of ire- 
 quens, frequenter, etc., is explained) 
 
 3. compluries (a good many times 
 infreq.) : Cato in Gell. 5, 21, txtr. : PI 
 
 4. how often, so often, qu6lie»,l6{\es 
 (neither necessarily implying any i.iige 
 number of times): how o. did m'ghl 
 
 oveiiakehim quoties ilium nox op 
 
 pressit ..... Cic. Sen. 14, 49 ; as 0. as, 
 toties . . . , quoties, id. Fam. 7, 7 : Liv. 
 Virg. Hence, how o. soever, as o. as ever 
 quotiescunque ; foil, by toties as correl.. 
 Cic. Clu. 18, 51. Fretty o., aliquoties ; 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9 : Liv. (N.B. — Some- 
 times expr. by frequent, verb: to cry 
 O't o., again aiul again, clamito; to 
 write o., scriptito : etc. See the several 
 verbs.)
 
 OGEE 
 
 OLD 
 
 O L IG A RCHY 
 
 Ogee ; *tiKura quae ogiva dicitur 
 Ogle(i')' ptrh. liinis ociilis iiitiier 
 (cl. yuinl. II, t, l6, limi et ut sic diciiii 
 vrncrei.sc.oculi buttheadj liiiius means 
 n tiling raoie than Uxihing usiance, 
 transversa tui-ns, Virg. K. ?, 8): or, 
 furtini iniueri (to look at sUaWiily) : 
 
 V. TO LIXJK AT. 
 
 Ogre ■ Dearest word perh. larva • t 
 GHoaT, HoBGuKLiN. (Or by cirtuml., 
 •muiistrnni coinmenticium quern nos- 
 trat^s ogrum fingunU) 
 
 oh : V O 
 
 oil : filenm (poet. Ollvum, Hor S. 2, 
 4, 50, pisies pi-rluhdire olivo Virg.) : 
 to put If Her mi tliK n gttaOlei', cn\i\es 
 ungtTco. nieliorl, Hor. 8. 2, J, 125 Cic. : 
 o. of the Jtvest qualit'i, priniae noiae 
 oleum. Col. 12, 50, ad iint. ; more gene- 
 rally, o. probum, ib. fin. : vonimon m- 
 iv/enor o., o. cibarlum (like panis cl- 
 bariu^), ib._^n. . to make o., o. conticere, 
 ib init.i facere, ib. 51, init.: o./orper- 
 fnniKni, o. ad ungiienta, ib. : to niake o. 
 from myitle-lieriies, o. ex bacis niyrti 
 contifire. Pall 2, I'j : rancid o., o. ran- 
 cidum, ib. 12, 21. I'ertaining to 0., oil- : 
 olearius : the trine- or o.-allar, cella vi- 
 naria, olearia, Cato R. K. j : Cic. : an 0.- 
 tnaker or dealer, olearius [sulis.). Col. 12, 
 50, mrd. : havitig the nature of 0., 
 oleaceus (v. oilv) : prepared tvith o., 
 oleatus ; Cnel. Aur. 
 
 oil-cloth : 'textilecrassum pignientis 
 oleatis iiniuv luni attjue distincium. 
 
 oil-colour : *pignientum oleatum : 
 to pamt iti o.s, *e.\ oieo pingere(?). 
 
 oil-lees : am urea (scum or dregs') : 
 Cato . \'\r^. 
 
 oilman : Olearius : PI. Capt. j, i, 29: 
 0.1. 
 
 oil-press: torcular, iiris, n.: Col. i, 
 6, ;h«(. : Plin. Also irapetum : Col. 12, 
 50, ined. : the gen. tenns mOla and pre- 
 lum being also used, ib. 50, vied, and 52. 
 A mati who works at an o., torcularlus, 
 Col 12, ;o. 
 
 oil-shop : *tal)ema olearia. 
 
 oily : 1. 6l(aieus {like oil) : an o. 
 fluid, liquor o., Plin. j>, 15, 51. 2. 
 oleosus {full of oil, tasting of it) : Plin. 
 i8, 9, J). 7'o have an o. taste, oleum 
 sapere: v. to tastk (intriins.;. 
 
 ointment ; 1. unguenlum {pn-- 
 fumed and used for purposes of luxuri/) • 
 Col. 12, 52: Cic: Hor.: v.' tjxguknt. 
 Also for medical use : saffron 0., ung. 
 crocinura, Cels. j, 18, etc. ' 2, collyriiiui 
 {for m/;dical purposes onlij) : to anuiid 
 tlie eyes u-ith black 0., oculls nigra (ol- 
 lyria illinere, Hor. S. i, 5, jo; ociilos 
 collyrio inungere, Cels. 7, 7, 4: for its 
 other uses, see Forcell. s. v. 3, terii- 
 tum {a vax o. or salve, compoumkd 
 from various oils : med. 1. 1.): to apiili/ 
 an o. {cerate) of some oil, c. ex alicjuo 
 oleo imponere, Cels. 5, 19: cf. id. 6, 7, i, 
 cerauiiu ex irino (oleo s. unguent 0) aut 
 cypiinc factum. M.L. I'hr. : to apply 
 
 0. to the eyes, oculos medicamenlis innn- 
 pere, Cels. 7, 7, 6 : to hare 0. applied, 
 inuiigi, Hor. Kp. i, i, 29. 
 
 old : I. Of fieisons or other living 
 Oeiiigs : J. sCnex, is ; compar. s6nior; 
 no superl. (in posit., usu. as subs. = an 
 old man ; or as predicative adj. ; le,-s 
 freq. a.s actriliuiive, but only to mas- 
 culitie subss : compar. used both as 
 masc. and fern, adj.): no one is so o. 
 
 as not to til ink nemo est tam senex 
 
 qui non putet, Cic. Sen. 7. 24 : tiu. iiui 
 the young, senes ac juvenes, Hor. Od. i. 
 28, 19 • somewhat o., senior, id. S. 2, 5, 
 107 : an older {move matured) style, 
 S'-nior, ut ita diciin. oratio, Cic. Br. 4?, 
 160. (N B. -Only by a figure of speech 
 applied to oti er subss than ihose denot- 
 ing persons: such exprr. as senes poici, 
 senes cygni, belonging to figur.Mive or 
 facetious diction cl. Juv. 6, 160 . Mart. 
 5, ?7, jji'<.) 2. in compar. imti su perl., 
 mfiior, maxlmus ; with or without natu 
 (deiiotiog relative age, of p«Tsons only ; 
 Kng., tldtr, eldest : whereas senex, senior, 
 can be used only of people actually oUI) : 
 E7t7ituS uas elder than rlaidus, Knnius 
 fuit mBiJor natiiqiiam Plaiitus.Cic. Tiisc. 
 
 1, I, extr. : the. elder of tu-o sons, ex 
 
 duobus filiis major. Caes. B. C. }, 108 • 
 UK/re than ticenty year$ 0., major annis 
 vigiiiti. Suet. Caes. 42 : the eldest ql 
 /'riam's daughters, ma.xima nauirum 
 Prianii. Virg. Aen i, 654 also, njaxiina 
 natu, ib. ;, 644. (N B. Also occur, m ig- 
 iio natu rb tt r than magniis natuj, very 
 old, .Nep. I'aus. ;: IJv. 2. 8- and maxinio 
 niitu, eldest or ohlest. Xep. Ilal. 7, iitil. 
 grandio natu, quile oUl, Cic. Sen. j, 10; 
 and tantus natu. s« old, PI. Bac. i 2. 
 16: belter, in prost-, lam grandls nau.) 
 
 3, 10 expr. the 'Xact age of a nian 
 or Woman: nalus, with wc. of the nuui- 
 bir of years, almost ninety years o., 
 annos prope .XC. nalus, Cic. Verr. }, 25, 
 62: in combination with major: more 
 than forty years o., annos natiis major 
 XL., Cic. K. Am. 14, jo : Nep. : Liv. 
 
 4, annosus (/uM if years : rarely 
 of i>ersons : i)oet.) : an o. crou; a. comix, 
 Hor. Od. }, 17. I } . o. anns (branc/iw of 
 a tre--). a. brachia, Virg. Aen. 6, 282 : 
 a very o. voman, a. anus, Ov. F 2, 571. 
 
 5. vetiilus {somewhat old, getting o. ; 
 usu. a teim of disparagement: the adj. 
 vetus,of whii h thisisadimin., is not used 
 to denote age in pers<ns or animals, cf. 
 infr. 11.): (a woman) quite o., and that 
 has been mirre than once married, vetula 
 et multarum nuptiarum,Cic. Att. i{, 19: 
 hor.^es that are getting 0., v. equi, id. Am. 
 19, 67 : Col. : Juv. (Vetus is however 
 used of irees : Virg. K. j, 12, ad veteres 
 fagos.) 6, grandaevus (0/ j;r<;a< age; 
 a term of dignity) : Virg. : Ov. : v. agkd. 
 P h r. : to grow o., senescere, Cic. .Sen. 11, 
 extr.: also of animals, Hor. Kp. i, i, 8 
 (solve senescentem mature equum) : 
 Col. : and even of trees, Plin. l6, 27, 50 : 
 relating to o. people, senilis : to have the 
 sagacity of an 0. man, senili esse pru- 
 dentia, Cic. l)iv. 2, 2J, 50: Hor.: Ov. : 
 he lived to be nearly lOo years o.. prope 
 C. confecit annos, Cic. Or. 52, 176 : when 
 they are more than ten years o., quiini 
 excesserint annos decem, Col. 6, 21 : 
 Pliti. (not so in Cic, who would prefer, 
 amplius decem habere annos : cf. Caec. 
 ^9- 54 ; or [of persons only], majorem 
 esse decem annis : v. supi: '2) : he uas so 
 many years olde^- than 1, totidem annis 
 niilii aetate praeslabat, Cic. Br. 4;, 161 : 
 also, to be older than any one, aliquem 
 aetate antecedere, Just. J4. ?, med. 
 {alicui aetate antecedere, Cic. Br. 21, 82 
 = to be chronologically earlier than 
 another) : to die when extremely o., pro- 
 vecta aetate mori, Cic. Tusc. i, J<).fi7i.: 
 o. and iiijirm, delectus atmiset desert us 
 viiibus, Ptiaedr. t, 21, 2; confectus se- 
 nectute, Cic. Kab. perd. 7, 21 : to become 
 o. {reaih old-age), senectutem adipisci, 
 Cic Sen. 2,4. \\,Aotnew: 1, vetus, 
 Cris : o. ships, v. naves, Caes. B. G. 5, i : 
 o. friendships, v. amiciliae. Cic. Am. 19, 
 67 : an 0. affront {not vet atoneil for), 
 V. contumel'ia, Caes. B. G. i, 14: an 0. 
 poet, V. poelii. Ten Andr. prol. 7. 2. 
 vetustns (esp. having the marks of age 
 upon it) : o. sepulchies, v. sepulchra. 
 Suet. Jul. 81 • o. pifcA, v. pix. Col. 12, 
 21, init.: eggs more tlian ten days 0., 
 ova vetustiora qiiani decem dieriim, id. 
 8, 5: o. urines, v. vina, Piiii 14, 7, 9. an 
 o. opinion {of long standing), v. opinio, 
 Cic. Clu. I, 4. 3. obsgieius {old and 
 tvoiri out) : 0. {shabby) cUitltes. vesiis, 
 veslitus obs., Liv. 27, ;4. med. : Cic. 
 I' h r. : {gomi) 0. nines, T'lia quae vetns- 
 tatem feiunt, Cic. Am. 19, 67: to k-eep 
 wine till it is o., vinum servare in 
 vetustatem, Cato R. 11. 114. |||, /ie- 
 loiiging to fomier dai/s : 1. aniiquns 
 V. AXi-iENT. Soinelimes = 'good old ' : 
 men of the good 0. stamp, homio.s 
 antiqui. Cic R. Am. 9, 26 cf. Ter. Ad. 
 (, i, 88, homo autiqua virtnte et tide 
 {of the o. school of virtue and honour). 
 2, prisms {liehmgiiiy to early times) : 
 the o. {early) race of men, p. gens nior- 
 talium, Hor. Eytud. 2, 2: ihe o. anginal 
 form of the cimstitution, p. ilia et antiqiia 
 reipnblicae forma. Veil. 2. 89: Cic. (For 
 pristinus, V oldkn.) 3. vfitus (of Mai 
 -hich. though ancient, still subtists or 
 has force,: v. anciknt. Very o.. per- 
 vetiis : Sigesta is a eery o. ton n iti Sicily, 
 
 Segesta est oppidum pervetus in Sicilla, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, jj, init. 
 
 oldi of : olim, quondam : v. Foa 
 
 MKIU.V. 
 
 age : 1. sfnecms, tCtis,/. ; tot 
 
 which, less freq (not in Cic), sinecta. ae 
 (gi-n. l<rm> ; to attain to o. age, s. adi- 
 pisci, Cic Sen. 2, 4 a quiet, pleatanl 0. 
 age, mollis et jocunda 8., lb. 1, 2 : o. ag» 
 is burdentvme, difogreeatHe, s. est gravis, 
 odiosa, ib. 2, 4 : to banish the annoyance* 
 of o. age, senectutis molestias abstergere, 
 ib. I. 2- the form senecta ociurs, Ter. 
 Ad. 5, 8, ?i : Caecil. in Cic. .Sen. 8, etc. 
 2. senium {the drcline and decay of 
 life ; age as a period of infirmity) : not 
 to be liable to disease or o. aye, omni 
 morbo seniove carere, Cic. Tim. 5, extr. : 
 tlw. o. age of Galba and {cordiatted with 
 it) the prime if Otlio, s. fJ-'lbae el Ju- 
 venia Otho.ils, Tac. H. 1, 22 : limbt 
 boused by o. age, curvata .senio mem- 
 bra, id. A. I, J4. 3. aetas provecta, 
 Cic. I'u.sc. 1, J9, fin.; ael. decrepita 
 {extreme), ib. ; ultima aeu. Suet. Gr. j, 
 extr. ; exacia aei., ib. 17 (decessit aetatis 
 exactae) : v. age. 
 
 — fashioned: L prisoi ritu t. 
 
 more ; or simply priscus (cf. CatuL 64, 
 159, saeva j>ri>ct praecepia pareriii*, an 
 o.-fashioned austere i>aient) ; v. old 
 (III., 2). 2. aiitiquus (of that which 
 is both o.-fashvme.d and good) : v. f)LD 
 (UI., 1). 3. vgtuslus (rare in this 
 sense) : cf. Cic. Br. 21, 8?, Laelius vetus- 
 tior et horridior quam Scipio. 
 
 — man : s^nex, is : V. OLD. 
 
 — Standing {adj.) .- 1. vetus 
 
 eris : an o. affront, v. contumelia, Caes 
 B. G. 1, 14: Cic. 2. invetcralus : an 
 o.-slanding friendship, inv amicitia 
 [opp. to instituta], Cic. Fam. j, 9, 4: 
 an o.-standing evil, uiv. malum, id. I'h 
 5. II, ?i- 
 
 — woman : &nus, us : Cic. : Hor. : 
 freq. implying conieni^i .- v hat o.v Oman 
 is so sUly as to far those things, nutio 
 est a. tam delira quae ista timeat .' Cic. 
 Tu.sc. I, 21, 48. 
 
 olden CK?-) ■■ 1. priscus {of early 
 times) : Vic 0. strictness, ilia p. severitas, 
 Auct. Har. resp. i j, 27 : according to 0. 
 custom, p. more, Ov. F. 2, 282 : Tac 
 Rarely = former ; the 0. love {former 
 mistress), p. Venus, Hor. Od. j, 9, 17 
 2. pristiims {former, in-iginal : not 
 like priscus referring to an age gone by, 
 but to what is kept up from the pai^t) : 
 he should remember the 0. valour of the 
 Uelvetii, reminisceretur p. viriuiis Hel- 
 vetiorum, Caes. B. G. i, i; : the o. usage 
 of courts, p. consuetudo Jiidiilorum, Cic. 
 Mil. init. Phr. ; o. time, veiustaa : 
 contrary to all the prrcedenis of o. time, 
 contra omnia vetuslalis e.xempla, Caes. 
 B. C. 1,6: in o. times, olim, quondam : 
 
 V. KOKMEIM.Y. 
 
 oldness : vgtustas : e. g. of wine, 
 Cato R. R. 114. of /rieiidf/tip, Cic. Ac. 
 
 1, init. 
 
 oleaginous : Oleaceus : t. otLT. 
 (Oleagiinis ^ pertaining to the olive.) 
 
 olfactory : expr. by oiracio, I {to 
 smell); ollactus, us {tlie .•'cnse of smell); 
 or hares, iuni, /. {Uie nostrils, '■ olf. 
 organ ") : to have very keen o. nerves, 
 sagacissime olfacere, I'lin. 11, 57, ;o: Wi« 
 o. nerves, *nervi qui ad olfaclnm adhi- 
 bentiir. (Xo such word as oifactorlus.) 
 
 oligarch : popull P"teniiae Inimi- 
 cns ■ t optiraatiimi tpjiuco-um) putentiaa 
 tautor, Nep. Ale. ; (ih aim and jxilicy) : 
 the o.s {as a political body), ]<a\ici : t. 
 oi.toARrHV (11.1. 
 
 oligarchical : ''•' >■• ■ an o. goirrn- 
 iH'ht, civitas quae optimati'..ni arbitrio 
 reaitur, Cic. Rep. i, 26; nbl penes de 
 lectos(paucos, optiniaie8)snmma rertim 
 est, cf. 1. c. to hold 0. opinions, optl- 
 matium faiitorem esse, Nep. Ale. 5. 
 
 oligarchy: I. An oliganhical go- 
 veninient: paticonun fe' princlpnm] 
 administratlo civit.iiis, Cic Rep. 1. 28: 
 the stale i7,-.f//' being, civitas quae pau- 
 corum(opiimaiium, principiim) arbitrio 
 regilur, cf. ib. i, 26, sqq. ; respublice 
 quae a principibus tenetur, id. Ihv. 2, 
 
 2, 6. Phr.: u,e commonwealth has been
 
 OI.IO 
 
 OMNIPOTENT 
 
 ON 
 
 (uirtitaHj/) turned into an o., respublica 
 in paucorum polentiutn jus alque di- 
 tionem concessit, Sail. Cat. 20, med. 
 (N B. — Potentia paucorum is virtual, 
 not lawful or constitutional 0. ; civitates 
 quae a singulis tenentur.Cic. Div. 2, 2, 6, 
 art mrmarchical ijovermne.nts, not oli- 
 garchies, as Kr. and others make them 
 to be.) II. The mfmbtrs of an oli- 
 garchical gorernmetit : pauci, orum : 
 Cic. Rep. 1,28: the predominance 0/ an 
 o., paucorum potentia, Sail. Cat. jg, init. : 
 also called, oplimates, Cic. Rep. i, 26: 
 Nep. Ale. 5 ; and prinripes (the aristo- 
 cracy), Cic. Rep. I, 26 : I>iv. 2, 2, 6 : and 
 (in hostile, depreciatory sense), factio. 
 Sail. Jug. Jl. init. (where opes facttonis 
 = potentia paucorum, id. Cat, jg, init.). 
 
 olio : perh. farrago, inis, /. : cf. Juv. 
 I, 86. 
 
 olive: olea, or less freq. ollva (the 
 latter seems to belong to the higher 
 Btyle: both used of fruit as well as 
 of tre*): the flotier and fruit of the o., 
 oleae flos, baca, Cic. Div. 2, 6, 16 : ten 
 species of o.s, olearum decern genera. 
 Col. 8, 5 : Cato : Varr. : Aristaeus, dis- 
 coverer of the o., Aristaeus olivae in- 
 ventor, Cic. N. D. J, 18, 4;: Virg.: to 
 preserve e.s, oleas cor.dere, Cato R. R. 58 ; 
 to pickle them, condire, ib. 114. An 
 o.-yard, olivetiim : Cic. N. I), i, }6, init. : 
 Caito : Col.: o.-Aort'es<, olivitas : Col. 12, 
 50, init. ; also, oleitas, Cato R. R. 68 : 
 of or pertaining to the o., oleaglnus 
 (also -ineus and -inius) r an o.-nursery, 
 oleaginum seminarium, Cato R. R. 48 : 
 yielding o.s, oiivifer (poet.) : Ov. : Virg. 
 
 olive (fldj): I. Relating to olives: 
 dlivarius : o. mills, o. molae. Pomp. Dig. 
 ih 1, 21. See also oil-pkess. ||. Of 
 the hue qf the olive : nearest word perh. 
 glaucus: cf. Virg. 6. 4, 182 (g salix, 
 greenish-gray) : or perh. *olivaceus : 
 like cineraceus, herbaceus, etc. 
 
 olive-rard: y. olive, fin. 
 
 Olympiad : Olympias, adis, /. : Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 10 (as measure of time): VelL 
 To count time by 0.s, *01ynipiadum ra- 
 tionem sequi ; uumerare annos ex Olym- 
 piadum ordine (Kr.). 
 
 Olympic : Olympicus : Hor. Od. 1, 
 I, 2 : a victory in the v. games, 0. certa- 
 minis victoria. Just. \i, 16. Also, Olym- 
 piacos: an O. croum, corona O., Suet. 
 Ner. 25. 77i« O. gaTiies, Olympia, orum 
 («c. certamina) : to set out Jor tlie 0. 
 games, ad 0. proficisci, Cic. Div. 2, 70, 
 init. : to gain a victory in them, Olympia 
 vincere, Enn. in Cic. Sen. 5, 14 (poet. = 
 "OAufiiria viKav): SO, coriinari Olympia, 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, 50. 
 
 omelet : perh. •lagauum de ovis 
 confectum. 
 
 omen : 1. omen, inls, n. (gen. term) : 
 an o. of fate, o. fati, Cic. Ph. 9, 4, extr. : 
 ye gods, avert the o. ! O di immortales, 
 •vertite hoc o. ! ib. 4, 4, 10: u-ith good 
 0.S, (cum) bonis o., Llv. pref._/i«. : with 
 bad o.s, malis o., Cic. Sext. ?{,"7i. 2. 
 auspicium (strictly, the act of watching 
 for signs from birds; hence, the signs 
 tiiemselves ; and in gen., any prophetic 
 sign, esp. iffavourable) : we regard light- 
 ning as a very favourable o., if it be on 
 the left, fulmen optimum aus. habemus, 
 si sinistrum fuerit, Cic. Div. 2, 18, 4?: 
 an auspicious "., felix aus., Just, i, 10, 
 med. So auguiium, which generally = 
 •uspicium ■ she joyfully received the 0., 
 accepit id aug. laeta, ib. i, ^4, med. : 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 70}. 3. avis, is,/, (used 
 in wide sense = omen : esp. poet.) : 
 witli favourable o.s, bonis a., Ov. F. i, 
 51}; secundis a., lAv. 6, ll, Jin, : with 
 ill o.s, mala avi, Hor, Od. i, 15, 5: Tib. 
 P h r. : birds that give o.s by flight (aves) 
 alites (or praepfetes, cf. Virg. Aen. i, J6l); 
 by cry, oscines, Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 160: to 
 draw O.S, augurari, ib. : to obtain favour- 
 able o.s in sacrifice, litare (used lat«r of 
 the victim, whith yielded favourable o.s) : 
 Manlius had obtained highly favourable 
 o.t, Manlium egregie litasse, Liv. 8, 9, 
 inii. : esp. in pass, impers. : some obtain 
 favourable o.s, others not, aliis liuitur, 
 •Uis noD litatur, Cic. Div. 2, 17, init..' 
 516 
 
 hence, adv., litato, ivith favourable (sa- 
 crificial) o.s, Liv. 5, ^8, init. : refrain 
 from words of ill o. I (exhortation at 
 sacrifices), iavete Unguis! Hor. Od. i, i, 
 2 : Cic. Div. I, 45, 102. See also poh- 
 
 TENT, PRODIGY. 
 
 omened : on'y 'n comps. weii-o., 
 
 fauslus, telix, etc. (v. atjspiciocs) ; ilUo., 
 dims, inlaustus, obscaenus, etc. . v. ill- 
 omened. 
 
 ominous : 1. ominosus (rare) : 
 an o. circumstance took place, res o. 
 (usu. portentum or prodigium ; v. por- 
 tent, prodigy) accidit, Plin. Ep. ?. 14, 6. 
 2. inlaustus: more fully, infau.stus 
 omine, lac. H. i, 6; Suet.: v. inauspi- 
 cious, ILL-OMENED. (Oftener expr. by 
 omen, auspicium, portentum, etc. : his 
 language seemed o. of fate, ejus oratio 
 omen faii videbaiur, Cic. Ph. 94 4, 9: 
 to 6e or prove o. to any one, aliciii omen 
 facere, Plin. 15, 19, 21 } 8j : to hiok itpm 
 anything as o., omen, augurium accipere : 
 
 V. OMEN.) 
 
 ominously : omlnose (v. rare) : 
 pseudo-yiiint. Usu. better, malis s. iu- 
 taustis ominibus ; malis avibus, etc. : 
 
 V. OMEN. 
 
 omission : 1. praetermlssio ; Cic. 
 Top. 7, ji. 2. more usu. expr. by 
 verb; esp. praetermitto, relinquo, j : if 
 there has been any o. on the part of 
 Antonius, si quid ab Antonio praeter- 
 missum [aut relictum] sit, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 29, 126 : censure for o. of duty, praeter- 
 missi officii reprehensio, id. Att. 11, 7, 
 med. : an intentional o. (on the part of 
 an author), locus consulto relictus, id. 
 Off. i, 2, 9 (opp. to lo»us praetermissus, 
 an unintentional one) : sins of o., offlcia 
 praetermissa atque relicta (comp. supr.) : 
 not simply delicta [K. and A.], which 
 oftener denotes octuaio^ences; to supply 
 occasumal o.s, nonnulla quae intermissa 
 videantur adjicere, Hier : v. to omit. 
 (N.B. — The forms omissio and prae- 
 teritio are v. rare and best avoided.) 
 
 omit : 1. praetennitto, misi, ssum, 
 J (to let pass; not to attend to; pass 
 over withrut noticing) : I don't o. a 
 single day (in uriting), ego nullum 
 diem pr., Cic. Att. 9, 14, /n.: to o. no 
 single token qf respect ton ards any one, 
 nullum erga aliquem officium pr., id. 
 Fam. I, 8, iuit. Join: aut prae- 
 termittere aut relinquere, id. de Or. 
 2, 29, 126: cf. preced. art. ./in. 2. 
 prael6reo, 4, irr. (to pass by, leave out) . 
 what 1 had nearly o.'d (to mention), 
 quod paene praelerii, id. Att. 6, j, i : 
 to o. letters or syllables (in uriting), 
 litteras, syllabas pr.. Suet. Aug. 88. 
 Join: praeterire ac relinquere, Cic. 
 Verr. j, 44, 106. 3. relinquo, liqui, 
 lictum, i (intentionally to kave unmen- 
 tioned) : esp. with another verb, as 
 praeterraitto, praetereo, Cic. : v. supr. 
 
 4, dmitto, J (usu. to leave off what 
 has been begun ; abandon : als", to leave 
 or omit further particulars) : to o. every- 
 thing else, ut omiitam cetera (parenthe- 
 tically), Cic. Br. 76, 266 : so, Nep. Hann. 
 2, ut omlttam Philippum, to o. all de- 
 tailed notice of Philip (as one exempli- 
 lication of what is just before stated). 
 
 5. transeo, 4, irr. (to pass over ; 
 make no mention if) : to 0. all mention 
 of many things, iiiulta tr , Coel. in Cic. 
 Fam. 8, 11, }: Plin. min. 6. inter- 
 mitto, J (to leai'e or omit at interrals) : 
 to o. to write (denoting a break in corre- 
 spondence), litteras int., Cia Fam. 7, 12, 
 init. 
 
 omnibus : * vehiculum publicum, 
 rheda publica. 
 
 omnipotence : omnipStentia : he 
 (Virgil) ascribes 0. to fortune, Fortnnae 
 o. tribuit, Macr. 5, 16, "merf. (Or by cir- 
 cuml., infinita s. immensa potentia: v. 
 
 INFINITE.) 
 
 omnipotent : omnlpStens, ntis : 
 Virg. Aen. 8. iJ4 • Macr. (who has 
 superl. omnipotentissimus, Som. Scip. i, 
 \'\,mfd.): Corp. Confess. Or expr. by 
 circuml., *qui omnia efficere potest; 
 infinita s. immensa potentia (praeditus) ; 
 cujus numini parent omnia. Cic. I>iv. 1, 
 5J, 120 (a somewhat rhetor, expr.). 
 
 (N.B. —A circuml. is best for common 
 prose ; though omnipotens may be used 
 in theological writing.') 
 
 omnipresence : expr. by circuml. ; 
 they teach the o. of deity, 'Deum nus- 
 quam non adesse docent ; semper in 
 omnibus locis adesse affiruiant. (Omni- 
 praesentia is barbarous.) 
 
 omnipresent : *«)"> nusquam non 
 adesl ; qui omnia numine suo tomplet. 
 (Not onuiipraesens.) 
 
 omniscience: expr. by circuml.: 
 we believe in the 0. of (rod,*Deum omnia 
 scire atque providere credimus ; Deo 
 cuncta aperta ac manifesta esse cre- 
 dimus. (Oraniscientia is barbarous.) 
 
 omniscient : *(Deus) omnia pro- 
 videns et animadvertens : Cic. N. D. i , 
 20, 54 ; *qui nihil umniuo nescit ; cujus 
 notitiara nulla res fugit, CSc. (in Kr.). 
 (Not omnisciens.) 
 
 omnivorous : omniv6nis : Plin. 25, 
 8,5J. 
 
 on (i""*?-) •■ I. LocaUy resting on : 
 
 1, in (with abl.) : to have a wreath 
 on the head, coronam in capite habere, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 11, init. : to be mounted on 
 a horse, in equo sedere, ib. lo, extr. ; 
 (the murder took place) on the Appian 
 road, in Appia via, id. Mil. 6, 15 : to seat 
 oneself on a seat, in sella se ponere, Flor. 
 I, I i, med. (N.B.— The abl. is thus used 
 even after verbs implying motion to- 
 wards ; but the ace. is more freq. after 
 verbs compounded with a prep. : e. g. 
 to put any one on the rack, aliquem in 
 equuleum imponere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, ij.) 
 
 2. siiper (denoting position directly 
 otw) ; v. UPON. 3. expr. by such 
 p. paiit. as, subjectus, suppositus (de- 
 noting something to rest on): e. g. on 
 rollers, phalangis subjectis, Caes. B. C. 2, 
 10, extr. : they swam tite river on their 
 shields, caetris suppositis [incubantesj 
 flumen tranaverc, Liv. Ji, 27, med. : so, 
 clypeo suo excepium [regemj in castra 
 referebant, they carried him back to the 
 camp 071 Aiss'4if!W(Nagels. p. J27). 4. 
 when that which supports is at the 
 same time an instrument used, expr. by 
 abl. alone : esp. on foot, pedibus, Cic. 
 Sen. 10, J4 : 071 one's knees, genibus, Liv. 
 4}, 2, init. : lor which Hor. has (more 
 poetically), genibus minor, Ep. 1, 12, 28. 
 
 6, very often expr. by prep, in 
 comp. ; when the relation is usu. denoted 
 by dative : e. g., Insideo, I sit on (insidere 
 equo, to be mounted on a horse, Liv. 7, 6, 
 med.); inciibo, / lie on (incubare stra- 
 mentis, to lie on straw, Hor. S. 2, ), 1 17) : 
 V. TO LiK, SIT ON, etc. (N.B. — For the 
 use of ON after verbs of motion, e. g. 
 to lift on one's shoulders, v. upon.) 
 P h r. : on tlie tribunal (or seat qf jus- 
 tice), pro tribunal! (with the additional 
 idea of publicity ; doing or saying some- 
 thing publicly), Cic. Fam. i, 9, init. ; so, 
 on the platff/rm, pro sugge>tu, Caes. B. G. 
 6, } (but, in tribunali sedere, Cic. de Or. 
 I, J7, 168 ; and even in suggestu causam 
 dicere, id. Div. i, 54, 124): to hold con- 
 ference on horseback, ex equo colloqui, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 4}: on the ground, humi 
 (v. ground). II, In proximity to ; so 
 as in a figurative sense to rest upon : 
 
 1. ad (with ace ) : the/i aie situated 
 on the Syrtis, ad Syrtim adjacent, Mela 
 I, 7 : Numantia situated an the Oouro, 
 Numantiaad (Klor. has apud, 2, 18, init.) 
 Durium (siui), Forcell. : for wbSch Plin. 
 has apposila fiuvio, 5, 29, 29^ 109: on 
 the nortli, south, etc., ad scptentrionem, 
 etc., id. 6, 27, ii } i}4 V. near. 2. 
 in (with abl.) : esp. of position on the 
 sea coast ; in littore, Mela, i, 9, fin., et 
 pass : Plin. ;, jo, }2 - in ora. id. 5, 22, 18. 
 Comp. oppidum liitori Impositum, ib. 
 6, 20, 2j. (N.B. — In flnmine for situated 
 on aricer, is questionable Latin : though 
 Plin. has, imposita est [urbsl Lyco flu- 
 mini, 5, 27, 29.) 3. »• ab (with abl. : 
 on the side or in the direction of): on 
 the side of the Se<fuani and Helvetii, ab 
 Sequanis et Helvetiis, Caes. B. G. I, i : 
 esp. in such general exprr. as, aboriente, 
 ab occidenle, on the east, on the west, 
 Plin. ;, 14, 15, etc. : on the rear, the front, 
 a tergo, a fronte, Cic. Ph. j, i}, }Z,
 
 ON 
 
 ONE 
 
 ONE 
 
 4, juxta (ctoj« to : with ace.') .- 
 a toivt) oil the river .Varraga, o|iiiidura j. 
 Suvium Nairagam, I'liii. 6, 26, }o } 12} : 
 so, Juxla amiiem, ib. ^ IJ5. 5. E. e* 
 (with abl.) : esp. in certain phrr. en 
 ali the other suUs, hills surruiinded the 
 «Mnp,reli<4iiis ex omnibus pan ibusculles 
 eppldum cingebant, Oaes. B. G. ", 69; 
 on the oppofit^. side, e contraria parte, 
 CSc. Ac. 2, jg, I2J ; also, e rt-gione (a less 
 (leBuitc expr. = over against) ; so, ex ad- 
 verso : V. opi-osiTK. 6.. expr. by aJbl. 
 alone esp. in the phrr. dextra, im the 
 right (hand) ; laeva, on Vie Uft : on tlie 
 right and on tlif. left, dextra laevaque, 
 Ljv. 21, 4!, med. : Plin. 5, 10, 11: so, 
 on this side and on that, hac lilac, Ter. 
 Eun. I, 2, 2;: Cic. : (Jacs. I'hr. ; on 
 every side, undique, Cic. Man. 11, jo: 
 Caes. : (^fialtylon) situated on the Eu- 
 phrates, iiiterfluo Kuphratc (abl. absol.), 
 PUn. 6, 26, JO ^ 121. III. KiK. 
 ranged with, a, ab (comp 11., 3): esp. 
 In phrr., ab allquo stare, lacere, es.sc, 
 to be on anyone's side, in favour of him 
 (Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. IV.): tobe rather 
 on one's on n side tfuin on titat of one's 
 oppments, magis a te quam ab adver- 
 sariis stare, Cic. Inv. i, 4}, 81: entirely 
 on my side, totum a me, id. de Or. i, i j, 
 init. To be on the side of, adjuvare, 
 favere, etc. : v. to hklp, favodk. |V. 
 Denoting logical basis or connexion : 
 
 P h r. : on this condition, that ea 
 
 lege, ut Cic. ham. 5, i } (or demon- 
 stratively, hac lege: the nature of the 
 condition being given in a new st-ntence, 
 without ut) : on these terms (of a peace), 
 his legibus, Nep. I'imuth. 2 : also, in has 
 leges [pax data], Liv. 35, jo, init.: so, 
 
 ea conditione, toll, by si Caec. in 
 
 Cic. Fam. 6, ";, cutfm. (conditio is a less 
 formal eipr. than lex) less frcq., sub 
 conditione, Suet. Tib. 44 (loll, by ut) ; 
 sub lege ut, id. Aug. 21 ; im eonditum 
 that, may also be familiarly expr. by 
 ita ut, Cic. Fam. i}, 56 (imponam [onus], 
 ita, tamen, ut tibi nolim niolcstus esse). 
 P h r. : on one's u-ord or honour, fide iu- 
 terposlta. Sail. Jug. n. V. Denoting 
 an instrument played on : expr. by abl. 
 alone : to plo,y on the lyre, flute, etc., fidi- 
 bns, tibia (tlbiis) canere : v. l^re, tlutk, 
 etc. VI. Denoting a Aan^iTij, or fig. a 
 dependent positicm -. 1, e. ex : to hang 
 {be hanged) on a tree, pendere ex ar- 
 bore, Cic. Verr. j, 26, 66: Lucr. 6, 915. 
 2. de sh'. hung on her husband's 
 neck, de viri collo pependit, Ov. K. 2, 
 760 ; to depend entirely on any one (be 
 his dependant), de allquo pendere, Hor. 
 Ep. I, I, 10;. VII. Denoting time 
 li'/ien : expr. by abl. alone : on titai day, 
 on the following day, etc., eo die, postero 
 die, etc. • passim. VIII. Also of tiHi« ; 
 immediately ajter: 1. u, ex : C'otta on 
 the leiniination of his consulate set out for 
 Gaul, Cotla ex consolatu est profectus 
 in Galliam. Cic. Br. 92, }i8: they bathe 
 immediately on awaking from sleep, 
 etalim ex somno lavantur, I'aa G. 22, 
 init. : Liv. 2. expr. by abl. absol. : 
 on the completion of the circuitx, con- 
 veniibus peractis, Caes. B. G. 5, i : et 
 foss. 3. lie (rare in this sense) . 
 immediately on the close of tlw auction, 
 etatim de auctione. Cic. Alt. 12, }. 
 IX. Concerning : de • passim : v. 
 CoxcKRNiSG. X. Mi see 11. Phrr.: 
 to have on hand (be engaged upon), in 
 manibus habere, Cic. Att. ij, 41 : on 
 march, in itinere, Caes. B. G. i, j, iter 
 faciens {ukile on Tnarch), Sail. Cat. 19: 
 also ex itinere (denoting either inter- 
 ruption of the march, or dispatch of men, 
 lett^s, etc., from an army marching), 
 lb. J5(CatilnialltteraBex itinere mittil): 
 on high, subllmis (v. high, l.,fln.): on 
 the uing, volans (v. To fly) : on a sud- 
 den, repeiite, subito (v. suddf-nlv): on 
 the aleii, promptus, intentus: cf. Cic. Br. 
 42. 1 ?4 (proinpta et parata in agendo et 
 in respoudendo celerilas, i. e. a rapidity 
 of mind ever on the alei-t) : Sail. Cat. 6, 
 tried. (Romani domi milittaeque intenti, 
 feetinare ..,onthe alert, ready to use 
 every advantdge) . to be on fire, ardere 
 {y. KIBE, TO BE on) etc. 
 
 on (adv.) : I, Forward : porro • v. [ many, iind not needing to be named) : 
 FOKWARD. To go or move on, procedo, j titen (said) o. of tite remaining (duvet), 
 pergo: v. TO hboceeu. ||, Continually: 1 Le. on beJialf of Vie rest, tunc de leliquia 
 
 usque : we will drink on till dayliglU, i 
 us(|ue ad dlumam stellam polabimus, ' 
 PI. Men. 1, 2, 62 : abio absol., / m itii being 1 
 beati-n on, and Ite with beating on, are 
 pretty uell tiled, ego vapulando ille ver- 
 berando usque, ambo dt-fessi sumus, 
 Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 5. Sometimes expr. by 
 de, ex, in comp. : cf. deproeliantes venti, 1 
 Vie wimis battling 071, Hor. Od. 1, 9, 1 1. 
 
 once : !• Numeral adv., one time .- j 
 sgmel : Caes. : Cic. : o. and again, s. | 
 atque iterum, Caes. B. G. i, }i ; Suet. : 
 not more than o., non plus quam a., Cic. 
 Off. J. 15, 61 • 0. in (his) life, s. in vita. 
 Id. Kin. 5, }o, 92 : once . . . . o second 
 
 time . a tliird time semel .... 
 
 itemm . . . tertio, Liv. i}, <),Jin. Also \ 
 (like Gk. oiro^) = once and fin- all : ' 
 Cic. Delot. ), 9 : Liv. • strengthened, 1 
 semel (et) in perpetuum, Flor. 2, 12.! 
 init. II. Denoting concwrent:e ; in 
 phr. at once : 1. simul : *'ie brought 
 forth two at 0., [uno partuj duos ix-jwrit 
 s., PI. Am. 5, 2,8: at o. elateit and exas- 
 perated, e. inflatus exacerbatusque, Liv. 
 6, 18, med. : esp. with cum : to lose at o. 
 the inclination and the hope of learning, 
 voluntatem discendi s. cum spe discendi 
 abjicere, Cic de Or. 2, j i, 142 ; v. To- 
 GF.THF.R. 2. uno tempore (at one and 
 tIte same time): Caes. B. G. 4, 2j: Cic. 
 Clu. 9, 28. 3. expr. by idem (when 
 tno things are predicated of the same 
 subject: L. G. $ its): tlutse vho are at 
 o. the surest and most zealous advocates, 
 ceriissimi iidemque acerrimi patroni, 
 Cic. Ph. 10, 8, 16 Caninius at 0. your 
 fnend and mine, C. tuus idem idt-mque 
 noster, id. Fam. 9, 2, init. 4. expr. 
 by cuncii, universi (all at once): ebp. 
 with simul : to do everything at o., 
 cuncta simul agere, SalL Cat 42 : t)iey 
 all at o. discharge their missiles at tlie 
 enemy, in hostem tela universi conji- 
 ciunt, Caes. B. G. 5, 44. |||. Denoting 
 immedicUeness : 1. illTco (im the spot, 
 without interval rrr hesitation). Ter.: 
 Cic. 2. siatira ; v. immkdiatkly. 
 IV. in time past: quondam, olim, 
 aliquando : v. fokmf.rly. 
 
 one: I. As card, num.: 1. units: 
 pass. (N.B. — Used m pi. with subss. 
 which though plural in form are vir- 
 tually singular : e. g. one letter or epistle, 
 unae litterae, Cic. Alt. 14, 18.) 2. 
 singtili. ae, a (distrib. = one by one , 
 one apiece) : he began to eat (tlie frogs) 
 0. by 0., coepit vesci singula..^, Phaedr. i, 
 ji, II : he stationed o. legion at lirun- 
 disium, o. at Sip<mtum, 0. at Tarentum, 
 legiones s. posuit Brundisii, Siponti, 
 Tarenti, Cic. Alt. 9, 15 : o. priest for 
 each (god), s. singulorum sacerdotes, id. 
 Leg. 2, 12, 29. Also adverb, singillatim 
 (one by one, singly) or singulatim Cic. ; 
 Caes. • V. siKGLT. One and a half, 
 sesquialter, era. erum (rare) : Cic. Tim. 
 1 (superdimidlus, late . Capell.) = unus 
 dimidiatusque (v. half); at one time, 
 simul, uno tempore, etc. (v. onck, II.): 
 the number 0., monas, unio (v. unit, 
 monad) ; o. in ten, decimus quisque, 
 Liv. 2, 59, extr : Cic. ||. Denoting 
 agreejnent or virtual identity : expr. by 
 Idem . to have one (and the same) loish, 
 idem velle. Sail. Cat 20, ad init. • v. 
 SAME. (N.B. — fep. in connexion with 
 unus: o. and the same end. exitus unus 
 et idem, Cic. Div 2, 47, 9-;.) Phr.: it 
 is all one (makes no difference), nihil in- 
 terest (v. DIFFKRENCE, I., 5) to l>e Ot o., 
 consentire, idem sentire (v. to agree) 
 even theccmsuls were not altogeVier at o., 
 ne inter consulesquldem ii)s<)S satis con- 
 veniebat, Liv. 2, 2!,/n. |||. An indi- 
 vidual: 1. quidam, quaedam, quod- 
 dam (a certain one : used when it is 
 either uiniecessary or undesirable to 
 mention a name) : o. of tlie soldiers of 
 the tentli legion, q. ex liiilitlbus decimne 
 legionis, Caes. B. G. 1, 42 : o. of the oui- 
 vocati, a persf/n of the highest character, 
 q. ex advocatis, homo summa vlrtute 
 praedltus, C.c. Clu. 6?, i';7. 2. <inus 
 (where the individual is simply one of 
 
 una, Phaedr. 1, Ji, rxtr. : o. of Ute many 
 (cm ordinary pnion), onus de mulUs 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 66. |V. With ref. to 
 time ; not defined, eiUier in the pott or 
 the future : Phr.: at o. time, olim, 
 quondam (v. fohmeklv) o. day, olim. 
 aliqoando (v. hereafter). V. 1° 
 
 contrast to Vie other : \_ hie, loll, by 
 Ille (when hie denotes that whicli is at 
 present under consideration) : cf. Oc 
 Am. 2, 10, hujus facta, illius dicta lau- 
 daniur, i. e. the deeds of the one (vii. 
 Cato ; who is the subjtct of discourse). 
 Vie speeches of tlie otiier : Smith's Lat. 
 Diet s. v. hie (4). 2. alter . . . alter; 
 or wheo more than two persons (or 
 things) are spoken of, alius . . . iiius : 
 the o. (mind) is shared hy us with the 
 gods. Vie oVter (body) with brutes, alterutn 
 nobis cum dis, alierum cum beluls c<.>m- 
 mune est, Sail. Cat. init. : 0. thing it 
 nature to a horse, another to an ox, 
 another to a man, aliud equo est nattira, 
 aliud bovi, alind liomini, Cic Fin. 5, 9, 
 26 ■ when diffeience or contrast is indi- 
 cated, alius . . . alius may even be used 
 of two objects . cf. Cic. Coel. j, 6, aliud 
 est maU^dicere, aliud accusare (where 
 alterum would have been much less 
 forcible). Alius also s<jmelimes follows 
 aliquis : cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 6c, putat 
 
 aliquis, esse volupiatem bonum : aliui 
 autem pecnniam (^where aliquis is bow- 
 ever more definite than alins would be . 
 referring to Kpicurus). (N.B. — AUua 
 often occurs in different la-ses in the 
 same sentence = one . . . one ; other . . . 
 other: e. g. alium alio mittit: he sends 
 0. in 0. directvm, and another in another, 
 aliiim alio mitlii, Sail. Cat. 27 : see L.6. 
 {} 629, 692.) 3. expr. one . . .the other, 
 one anoVier, either by (1). inter se [ae 
 inter se, in Cic. Am. 21, 82, is prob. a 
 false reading] : Vie young Ciceros love o. 
 another, Cicerones pueri aniant inter se, 
 Cic. Att. 6, I, 9 : the soldiers emtn-ace 0. 
 another u-ith tears, complecti inter se 
 lacrimantes milites, Liv. 7, 42, med. : or 
 by (2). alter, alins . . . with another case 
 of the Siime pronoun : the 0. needs the 
 helpofthe other, alierum alteriusauxilio 
 eget. .Sail. Cat. 1, extr. : 0. stimulates 
 the other, alius alium hortari, lb. 6. 
 4. expr. one or the otiier by allCruier, 
 tra, trum (also with both parts of the 
 word decl. : rare) • you must be either 
 the o or WeotAcr, est necessealterutrum 
 (te es.se), Cic. l>iv. Verr. 18, 58; Hor. 
 Phr.: o. good turn deserves another 
 (Prov.), mutunm muli >cabunt, Aus. Id. 
 12, pref cf. Ter. Ph. 2, 1. 17, tradunt 
 operas mutuas • ue have done o. another 
 many good turns, mnlta inter nos officik 
 mutua intercedunt Cic Fam. IJ, 65 (v 
 mutually, in TtTRN) at 0. time . . . at 
 another time, modo . modo, Cic. N. D. 
 I, 18. 47: Ter. (v. now): to love 0. 
 another more ardently, anlentlus in- 
 vicem diligere, Plin. 7, 20, fin. (not so 
 in Cic , who uses, iiiier se v. supi.). 
 VI. Equivalent to German man ; 
 Fr. on : 1. use 2 pers. sing. : 'lit 
 
 natural to hate tlie person 0. has injured, 
 proprium humani Ingenii est idisse 
 quem laeseris, Tac. Agr. 42 : before o. 
 begins anything, deliberation is wanted, 
 priusquam incipias, consul 10 opus est^ 
 Sail. Cat. I, extr . Oc. Esp. in sucb 
 exprr. as, 0. would hai'e thought, might 
 have seen : putares (pules), crederes, 
 videres; o. tiinUd h^ive Viviight he ii<i» 
 giving evidence, uhen he was pleading 
 for the accused, testimonium dicere 
 "putares, quum pro reo diceret. Cic. Br. 
 29, III: o. would think (he time stood 
 still, stare ptites t(•nlpo^.^ Ov. Tr. 5, 
 10, 5: 0. ii-ovld have thought they uere 
 defeated, crederes vicios. Liv. j, 4}, tul 
 fin. : Cic. (Zunipt, ^ 515). 2. * ''Pr. 
 "by impers. pass, (of intrans. verbs), and 
 by such other impers. verbs as licet, 
 Sportet, Juvat, etc. : whatever o. is not 
 at liberty to lio, n. certainly ought not 
 to do, quidquid non licet, cerU' non 
 opirtet. Cio. Bal. j, extr.: o has not. to 
 5>7
 
 ONE ANOTHER 
 
 O N L Y 
 
 U P K N 
 
 lire with perfect people, rion vivitiir cum 
 perfectis hominibus, Cic. Off. i, x?, wit.: 
 o. mtist resist old aye, resistendum est 
 senectuti, id. Sen. ii, J5- (''he istpers. 
 pi. may also be used in general staie- 
 ments, as in Kug.: uhat o. nishes. o. 
 readily believes, quae volumus, credinius 
 libenier, R. and A.) VII. i° siridy 
 inaef. sense ; usu. precrded by some, 
 any: quis nr qui, quae, quid or quod 
 (chiefly after si, ue. nuni, if any o., lest 
 any o., etc.), quispiam (usfd substan- 
 tively, and more di-linite and enipliatic 
 than ihe simple quia- cf. Cic. Sen. J, 8, 
 fonasse quii-piara dixerit, perhaps some 
 one may r«y); quisquam or nllu.s (an;/ 
 single o. , quisquam being used as subs 
 and ullus as a>IJ.) ; quivis, qnilibet {any 
 0. yiiu please ; any and evo-t) o.) : v. any, 
 soMi:. VIII. Preceded by def. art., the 
 one : expr. by is, ipse, idem I said as 
 toon as ever you shovted it me, tliat it 
 was the o. {the ring), dixi ubi mihi 
 ostendisti illico eum esse, Ter. Heaul. 
 4, 2, I (where ipsum or eundem would 
 simply have been more emphatic than 
 eum). IX. in connexion with rel. 
 prov ., ime II lio : is (qui), no one a faith- 
 ful defender of the wretched, save o. ^ ho 
 is wretched himself, miseroriim tidelis 
 defensor (nemo) nisi is qui ipse miser 
 sit, Cic. Mur, 2;, 50 : also foil, by ut, 
 id. Fl. 1 5, J4, est, credo, is vir iste, id 
 civitatis nomen sua auctoritate sus- 
 tineat, he is one ttfto will, etc. 
 
 one another: alius (alter) . . . foil, 
 by same pron. in diff. case ; inter se ■ 
 
 V. ONK (V., 3). 
 
 — eyed : 1. luscus ■ Cic. de Or. 2, 
 60, 246 • Juv. (for which Flin. 1 1, J7, 55. 
 has luscinus, appy.^one who has lost 
 an eye by vioknce). 2. unocfilus : 
 PI. Cure. J, 24: Sol. 3, 'xpr. by 
 circuml., alteio lumine orbus, Plin. 1. c. ; 
 altero oculo captus : cf. Liv. 22, 2, extr. 
 (N.B. — Avoid monoculus, which is late 
 and a hybrid word ; also codes, which 
 as an appellative became obsol. ; cf. 
 PI. 1. c.) 
 
 nanded : unimanus, a, um : 
 
 Liv. J5, 21. (Or by circuml., una manu 
 captus : cf. preced. art.) 
 
 — homed : iinicornis, e : Plin. 
 
 — horse carriage : * vehicuium 
 
 unico equo (jumento; junctum. 
 
 oneness : iinitas : v. unitt 
 onerous: gravis, praegravis, etc.: 
 
 v. BUUDl'.NSt)ME. 
 
 oneself: 1. w^en denoting the 
 suliject, expr. by ipse eirils which o. is 
 free from, quibus ipse malis careas, 
 Lucr. 2, 4 : Cic. : v. himself. 2. in 
 objective relations, use oblique cases of 
 tu : if promises injure o. more than 
 they benefit the other party, si plus tibi 
 promissa noceant, quam illi prosint, 
 Cic Off. I, 10, J2 to be so dear to one's 
 wife as on Uiat account to be dearer to »., 
 uxori tam carum esse, ut propter hoc libi 
 carior tias. Sen. Kp. 104, 4. In the same 
 way may be used nos, nobis v. Madv. 
 L. G. $ J10. 3. when a reflex mental 
 action is meant, oft. expr. bypass, refl.. ; 
 e.g. to vex o., angi (animo or animi); 
 to distress o., afllictari ; to amuse o., 
 oblectari; etc. v. to vex, etc. 
 
 one-sided : I. ^"^'ot rightly ba- 
 
 lanced : inaeqiialis v. uneven, ln- 
 EQCAL. (I. I 'artial, unfair : Phr. 
 a o. cmitract, *pactimi cui praestando 
 una lantuni pars obstringitur, Kr (perh. 
 better simply, pactum iniquum) a 0. 
 statement, *quae ab alierS parte afferun- 
 tur (_afBrmaiitur), inaiidita alteia v. 
 
 PARTIAL. 
 
 onesidedness : perh. Inaequalitas : 
 
 V. PAKTIALITV. 
 
 onion • caepa, ae, /. ; caepe, is, n. : 
 Egpt deifies leehs and o.s, allium 
 caepasque inter deos hab^t Aegyptus, 
 Plin. 19,6, 52: Hor. Ep. I, 12, 21 (form, 
 caepe). An 0, bed or field, caepina. Col. 
 II, 3, ad fin, : an o,-dealer, caeparius, 
 Lucil. in Non. 201, 10. The sea-o., seilla 
 or squilla Plin. 19, 5, }o ■ "scilla raari- 
 tima, Linn. 
 
 only {adj.) ; 1. iinicus (with(mt 
 another of the same kind) : an o. son, u. 
 ?l'8 
 
 filius, Cic. R. Am. 14, 41 : Ter. • see also 
 UNIQUE. 2. unus: oft. htrengthened 
 by addition of solus he was the 0. person 
 found, u. est solus inventus, Cic. Sext. 
 62, I ;o . it is the 0. thing, res est u. 
 s laqiie, Hor. Kp. i, 6, i. 3. solus 
 (ttanding by oneself or itself) : the Stuii s 
 arr the o. {philosophers) wlio have af- 
 firmed Sloici s. ex philosophis 
 
 di.xerunt Cic. de Or. 3, 18, init. : 
 
 also, s. inier omnes. Mart. 4, 2. Join, 
 solus atque unus (de Peo), Cic. Tim. 4, 
 med. 4, singiiliiris (Uke uiiirus- rare 
 in ihis sense): siiigulariis atque unigena 
 (de mumlo), Cic. 1 c. 5. iinigena (lit. 
 only begotten .- rare^ : Cic. I. c. 
 
 onl {adv.) : 1, solum {of that 
 'I hich stands by itself) : on one poiiit o. 
 they disayiee, de re tma s. dissident, Cic. 
 Leg. I, 20. 5} : esp. in phr., iion (neque, 
 nee) solum .... sed (veruni) etiam, 
 {iind) not only . . . but also : not 0. by 
 nature and character, but also by study, 
 non s. natura et moribus varum etiam 
 studio, id. Am. 2, 6 Caes. ; et pass. 
 (Sc^lummodo only in late writers, by 
 anal, of tantummodo.) 2. tantum, 
 very oft strengthened, tantummodo 
 {just so much and no more ; that and 
 that only : also appy. used in preterence 
 10 solum for rea-sons of perspicuity or 
 euphony) : he stated o. : he showed no- 
 thing, adduced no evidence, dixit tan- 
 tum : nihil ostendit, nihil protulit, Cic. 
 Fl. 15, ?4: Sociates used to enquire o. 
 concerning life and morals, Socratcm 
 tantum de vita et de moribus solitum 
 esse quaerere, id. Kep. i, 10 (where 
 solum would have been ambiguous) ; 
 just this o., unum hoc tantummodo, 
 [neque praeterea quicquam]. Suet. 3. 
 ni6d5 : esp. in phr., non modo .... sed 
 (verum) etiam (et, i>r simply sed); 
 when it does not differ from solum 
 {supr. 1) : not 0. by speaking in public, 
 but also by thinking, non ra. agendo, 
 verum etiam cogitando, Cic. Coel. 19, 45. 
 Not o. not . . . but not even, is often expr. 
 by non modo . . sed ne quidem (ihe 
 negative in former member being dis- 
 pensed with) : L G. ^ s(>l- Also in cer- 
 tain restrictive clauses of a hypothe- 
 lieal kind as, (1). si modo: you know 
 {if o. you lemember) that I said to yrnc 
 . . ., scis(si m. meministi) me tibi dixis- 
 se, id. Alt. 12, 18 and with subj. (poet.), 
 I^op. I, 18, 4. (2). modo si (= dtimmo- 
 do), o: simply modo : ifo. I am allowed, 
 m. si licet, Ov Tr. 2, 26? : old men's fa- 
 culties remain, provided o. effoi t and in- 
 dustry remain, manent ingenia senibus, 
 m. pennaneat studium atque industria, 
 Cic. Sen. 1, 22. (3). qui modo (qui 
 hypothetical, L. G. $ 475): tfiere is no 
 siave, be he o. in a tolerable condition of 
 sej-vice, servus est nemo, qui m. tolera- 
 bili sit conditione servitutis, Cic. Cat. 4, 
 8, 16. See also provided (that). 4. 
 dimtaxat or dumt. {just that- similar 
 to tantum, but less freq.) he employs 
 his infantry only from a distance, for 
 show, peditatu d. procul ad speciem 
 utitur, Caes. B.C. 2, 41: Liv. 57, 5;, 
 post iiiit. (nee duntaxat animum bonum 
 ac tidelem praesiitit, sed omnibus Inter- 
 luii bellis). 5. tic^n nisi, usu. svith the 
 negative apart, non (nemo, nihil) . . nisi 
 (= saving only, except) • they think o. 
 ol slaughter nihil cugitant nisi caede?, 
 Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10 friendship can o. exii-t 
 among the good, nisi in bonis amiiitia 
 e:-se non potest, id. Am. 5, 17. Similar 
 to this is the constr. nihil aliud nisi . , 
 and (not in Cic.) nihil aliud quam (ellip- 
 lieally): if we speak o. of law, si nihil 
 aliud nisi de lege dicimus, Cic. Arch. 4, 
 8 afterwards he 0. rode or valkedfor 
 exercise {did nothing more), mox nihil 
 aliud quam veclabatur et deami.ulabat. 
 Suet. Aug. 8j Liv. 6, esp. before 
 numerals, oft. expr. by ailjj. solus, 
 anus ■ to think o. of this, hoc unum 
 cogiiare, Cie. Quint. 2}, 75 he was go- 
 verns- of Asia o. nine motdhs, solos 
 novem menses Asiae praetuit, Cic. Att. 
 5, 17 0. thirty minae, solae triginta 
 minae, Ter. I'h. j, j, 24 so rarely unus 
 0. five niijiae. unae quinque minae, 
 
 PI. Ps. I, I, 52 (not to be iniiiated). 
 {\.B.— Only one may be expr. by unus, 
 esp. with omnino. Caes. B. G. i, 7, erat 
 (iiimino in Gallia iilteriore legio una or 
 by unus solus from 0. one town, ex uno 
 soli, oppido, Cic. Verr. 2, 2 75, 185.^ 
 
 only-begotten: unigenitus: vulg. 
 .loh. i. 14: Hier. Also jiniggna, ae, m. ; 
 Paul Nul. 
 
 onomatopoeia ; 6n6mat6poeia : 
 
 Charis. • M. L. 
 
 onset : |. L i ;. ; 1. impgtus, us : 
 to make an o. upon any one, m aliquem 
 i. lacere, Caes. B. G. i, 25 : to withttand 
 Hie o. {of troops), i. sustinere, ib. j, 2 ; 
 lene, ib. j, 19: v. attack. Join: in- 
 cursio atque impetus [armatorum], Cic. 
 Caec. 15, 44. 2. incursiis, its (esp. 
 charge of troops) : at the very first o, 
 the enemy uere routed, primo statim 
 inc. pulsi hostes, Liv. 2, 25 : Caes.: Cic. 
 3. iiicursio (more ireq. = inroad, 
 invasion): Cic; v. supr. {I): Hirt. To 
 make an 0. upon, adOrior, invado, etc. : 
 V. TO ATTACK. ||, F 1 g., of violent lan- 
 guage : V. foil. art. 
 
 onslaught: I. Lit. v. preced. 
 art. II. Fig., of violent language: 
 Phr.: to maJie fierce o.s on any one, 
 aliquem insectari atque exagitare, Cic. 
 Att. I, i6, 4; in aliquem invehi: v. 
 invective. 
 
 Ontological : *ontol5gicus : phil. 1 1. 
 
 onward, onwards {adv.) .- porro : 
 Ter. : Liv. : v. on {adv.) ; FORWARD. As 
 interj.. Onward, Quirites 1 porro, Qui- 
 rites ! Laber. in Macr. 2, 7, med. 
 
 onward (o^,?-) •■ Phr.: to pursue an 
 o. course, progredi, procedere : v. to ad- 
 
 VANCE. 
 
 onyx : 5nyx, yehis, m ; Plin. 
 
 ooze (''•)•■ 1. niano, i {to flow drop 
 by drop, trickle) : v arm {tear) drops o. 
 from the tree, lepidae m. ex arbore 
 guttae, Ov. M. 10, 500 : Cic. : v. to 
 trickle. Also comp. emano, i {to 
 trickle or 0. from or forth) : Col. : Lucr. 
 The comp. is freq. in fig. sense, to o. out, 
 get abroad : lest this language of yours 
 should 0. out, ne hio sermo tuus emanet, 
 Cic. Br. 65, 2}i. 2. liquor, j {as 
 melting substances do) : from it o drops 
 of black blood, huic atro 1. sanguine 
 guttae, Virg. Aen. j, 28 ■ Plin. 3. 
 sttllo, destillo, I (to flow in di(ps) : v. 
 
 TO TRICKLE, FLOW. 4. SUdci, I (lO 
 
 sweat : poet.) balsams o.ing fnrm the 
 perfumed wood, odorato sudantia bal- 
 saiiia ligno. Virg. G. 2, ii8: sudo may 
 also be applied to that from which any- 
 thing o.s ; cf. id. E. 4. JO, durae quercus 
 sudabant roscida mella: v. TO exude. 
 
 00ze(s«bs.): perh. iiligo,iiiis,/ {wet- 
 ness, moisture with which anything it 
 saturated) : v. moisture. 
 
 oozy : uliginosus {full of moisture) : 
 0. ground, ager, locus s. campus u. : v. 
 
 MOIST, WET. 
 
 opacity: expr. by adj.; v. opaque. 
 
 opal: opalus: Plin. J7, 6, 22 Isid. 
 
 opaque : caecus : o. emeralds, sma- 
 ragdi c, Plin. }■], 5, 18 ^ 68. Or perh. 
 better expr. by circuml., non translu- 
 cidus • Plin. I. c. (alii densi sc. smaragdi, 
 nee e liquido traiislutidi) : v. teanspa» 
 rent. (Opacus = shady.) 
 
 ope ("•)■• V. OPEN {v.). 
 
 0pen(i'.)- A. Trans.: |. To 
 unclose : 1. jiperio, ui, rtum, 4: too. 
 a door, a. ostium. Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26 : to 
 o, a letter, epistolam s. litteras a.. Cic. 
 Att. 5, II, fin.: ib. 11,9: to 0. the eyes, 
 oculos a.. Id. Mil. ?i, 85. 2. pSiteiacio, 
 feci, factum, ; {to set open): to o. the 
 gates to the etumy, hosiibus portas p., 
 Liv 2, 15, vied.: to o. the eyes {of the 
 dead) on thepiire {set them uide open), 
 oculos in logo p., Plin. 11, J7, Si- 
 Fig, to o. the ears to flatterers, assen- 
 tatoribus aures p., Cic. Off. i, 26, 91. 
 3. recliido, si, sum, j (chiefly poet.) : 
 to 0. a gale, portam r.. Virg. Aen. 7, 617 : 
 Lucr. Ov. to 0. one's house, domum r., 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, loj. 4. resfero, i (to 
 remove a bar : also chiefly poet.) Virg.: 
 Ov. Join, reserare urbem et pandere 
 portas, Virg. Aen. 12, 584. 5. pando, 
 di, pansum and ssum, } {to spread out.
 
 OPEN OUT 
 
 OPEN 
 
 OPERATE 
 
 open wide): the gates are o.'d {spread 
 wide open), panduiitur poriae, Virg. Aen. 
 2, 27. Phr. . to o. a IMer (besides 
 aperiie, v. suirr. 1), lilteras re»i(;iiaie 
 (to unseal), solvere, Clc. Alt. 11, 9; re- 
 solvere, Liv. 26, li.med.: alsu, vlncula 
 epistolae laxare sigiiumque delrahere, 
 Nep. Pans. 4, inil. ; vinculum epistolae 
 solvere, Curt. ■;, 2, med. (but tlicse phrr. 
 should not be used unless tlie act of 
 opening be expressly dwelt upon) : cf. 
 linuni ineidc re (<o cut the Viread ttdth 
 which a letter was tied), Cic. Cat. 5, 5. 'p ■ 
 to 0. a jar {hi/ reiniiviiig the pitch with 
 which it uasjasteiied), dolium rclinere, 
 Ter. Heant. "}, i. 51 (H. and A.): to o. 
 one's iiumth (i. e to speal^-). liistere, Cic. 
 Ph. 2,4;, III. (N.B.— /o o. a t)oolc is, 
 aperire libruni libruni evolvere is to 
 reoil a booh, lnj unrolUmi the scroll : 
 cf. Cic. I use. I, II, 24, evolve diligenter 
 euni libruin nui est de aninio: yuint. 2, 
 IJ, 24, etc. so, evolvere voluniina epis- 
 tolaruin, to read through, ixumine vo- 
 lumes of letters. Cic. Alt. 9, 10, m»l.) 
 
 II. In meilicine, t/i moke an incision 
 into: aperio, 4; incido. } • Cels. ■;, 2, etc. 
 
 III. To molce a. road or passage bij 
 removing ohslrucii/ms : Phr.: to 0. a 
 passage n ith the SJvord, lerro iter aperire, 
 Siill. Cat. 58, med. : to 0. a passage 
 through the Alps, iler per Alpcs pate- 
 facere, Cai s. B. (i. }, i ; to 0. {clear) op- 
 proaches to a place, aiiiius expedire, ib. 
 7, 86 to o. a nay to ani/ one to be sove- 
 reign (1. e. entitle Uim to be so), alicui 
 ad dominatiiinein paiidere viani, Llv. 4, 
 15, mecZ. IV. '/'" inaugurate, begin: 
 Phr. too.a I'laceof "Orship. eiclisiani, 
 aedera consecrare, dedlcare (v. th dkdi- 
 CATK, CONSECltATIC) : t" o. a hall or 
 thtatie, peril, atrinni s. theairutu iuau- 
 gurare (v. to inaii<;ukatk) to 0. a cose 
 {in pleading), causam exordiri. Ijuint. 4, 
 I, 2 : cf. ingredi in causam, <.'ic I'l j, 8 
 (v. TO BKOiN) to o. a ball, •primani 
 choream ducere, K. and A. (Plin. min. 
 has, aperire anninii, to o. the gear. Pan. 
 58.) y. To uiicorer, make knonn : 
 r6t6go, ap'grio (cf. Sail. Cat. 40, conjura- 
 tionem aperit), deifgo, etc.: v. to rk- 
 VEAL, 0NF()I,1>. VI- '''" explain : ex- 
 plico, interpreter : v. to intkkprkt, 
 EXPLAIN. VII- In medicine: Phr.: 
 to 0. tlie boiveU, alvum dejicore, Cato 
 R. R. 148: Cels. B. Intrans-: 
 
 1. expr. by aperio, 4 (with ptov. 
 refl.) : all at ome the doors o.'d of thrm- 
 sdres, valvae subito se ips.ie aperuerunt, 
 Cic. Div. I, }4, 74. So witii paiido (to 
 spread open) : the rose o.s, pandit sese 
 rosa, Plin. 21, 4, 10 } 14. 2. palesco, 
 J {to spread out wide): the lung hal's o. 
 (to vieii), atria longa p., Vii},'. Aen. 2. 
 481: V. TO .spRK.At) our. 3. hi-c(i, j 
 {to gape oi^ii) ■ h ush '. Vie door o.s ! tace ! 
 aedes h. ! PI. Ps. 4, i. 51 (a use hardly 
 to be imitated): the earth o.s, li. tj-rra, 
 Ov. ■ V. TO GAPE OPEN. So comp. At- 
 hisco, ! (strictly, doumwards) : to o. in 
 fissures (of a boat), rimis d., Ov. Tr. 5, 
 12, 27 : and oi'floivei-s opening. Win. 21, 
 4, 10 5 14 (dehiscere ac sese pandere : 
 also simply, dehiscere, ib. J 18). I* h r. 
 to 0. outwards (of doors), aperturas 
 habere in exteriores partes, Vitr. 4, 6, 
 fin. : to 0. again (of wounds pari tally 
 healed), recru<lescere, Cic. Kani. 4, 6 
 (fig.) : to o. in fissures, rimis latiscere, 
 Virg. Aen. I, 12! the neir gear o.s with 
 cold ueather, friKnrilnis n.iviis incipit 
 annus, Ov. K. i, 149 (v to bkgin). 
 
 Otienout: |. I'rans. ■ 1, ex- 
 tenilo, di, sum and turn, ( to 0. out the 
 fingers {after closing them), digiios ex., 
 
 Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 145 V. TO EXTEND. 2. 
 
 laxo, I {to wide', tlie sjxices betueen ob- 
 jects;) to o. out the matiiples {put l/c 
 men farther apart), nianipulos 1., Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 25- cf. infr. (11. 2). 3- 
 pando. di, pansum and ssum. ! : v. to 
 SPREAD wiDK. II, Intrans.; 1. 
 pitesco, ;. u somen hat n-iilrr plain o.s 
 out, paulo latior p. campus, Llv. 22.4: 
 80, of an anny=^to defilog. Tac. H. 4. 
 78, init. 2. expr. by laxo, panilo, 
 with pron. refl., or as pass, rejl, : gra- 
 dually to 0. out wide (of a flower), in 
 
 laiitudinem paulatim sese laxare, I'lin. simplex, candldus - v. i-r\>k, isgb- 
 21, 5, II so, in latitudinem pamll (of siou.s. Phr.; to be peifectly o. with 
 the sea, after straits). Id. 6, i ?, i; an each oMer, simplicissime inter se loqul, 
 tnimfjise p/am o.s ou<, Immeiisii paiiililur . Tac H. i, i;. VI- -^"^ decided or 
 planities, Liv. \ settled : integer, liber, he ordrrt'l the 
 
 open UP : piliefaclo, ipSrlo : V. TO ! matter to be left o. tiU his return, rem 
 OPEN (1. and JL). Too. up fresh tribes, integratn ad reditum suum jussil esse, 
 novas gentes aperire, lac. Aur. 22, init. : Cic. Oft'. 2, 2}, 82 ; also imprrs., it is o 
 Liv.- to o. up grief afresh, dolorem : (to anv o»e) (o<M:t, integrum est, Cic. Att. 
 scindere, Cic. Alt. }, 15, 2. I M, 2? : so, with llberum, Plin. Kp. I, 8, 
 
 open (adj); I. '"^'ol shut: 1. }. Phr.: it is an 0. ^ue^tum, adhuc sub 
 Spertus (most gen. term) : to sU-ep with judice lis est, Hor. A. P. 78. 
 fce(/)()<«H ttoorso., apertis cubiculi torlbus I Open-handcd : libtriilis, largiis : r, 
 cubare. Suet. Aug. 82 : Caes. : Cic. Also libera L. 
 
 adaperius (infrec).) : Liv. 25, }o (ada 
 perlaii portae lores) : Ov. llalf-,}Mrtly 
 open, seniiap-rtus. Liv.; semiadaperius, 
 Ov. a, patens, ntis (wide-open): by 
 the vjide o. gates they wtmit their com- 
 rades, p. ponis accipiunt so< ios, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 266 tlie o. sea. p. pelagus. Id. G. 
 2, 41. '/'" stand o., pateo 2 • the nostrils 
 stand al 'ays o., nares semper p., Cic. 
 N D. 2, 57,7'n. : to be o. for every one 
 to see, omnibus ad visendum p., Id. Verr. 
 4. ?. 5- 3- piiulus I . '■tainting alii ays 
 open : apenus, oiienedfor llif time being) : 
 o. ears (alwai/s n-a/ly for secrets), p. 
 aures. Hor. Kp. l, 18, 70 : o. (preading) 
 nostrils, p. nares. Virg. G. i, J';6 so, 
 patulaefenesirae, Ov. .M. 14, 7;2,deniiies 
 I' ide, s/iacious windoirs (or apeituresfor 
 admitting lii,ht), as opp. to the closed, 
 solid nail. Hence, piopatuius (o. in 
 front) : Cic. Verr. 4, 49, 1 10 (in aperto 
 ao propaiuio loco, 1. e. in the o. air, ond 
 o or accessible in front). 4. Inaiis, 
 ntls (wide 0., as if gaping) : the little 
 fi--hes siiim into the o. shell, piscicull in 
 concham h. innaiaiit, Clc. N. D. 2, 48, 
 12}: Input your finyers oppohitf a scoUop 
 nhi-n it is o., digitos adversum pectines 
 hiantes movere, Plin. 11, ?7, 52. To 
 stand wide 0., hto, i : Hor. ; Prop. 
 Phr.: the army received him xrith o. 
 arms, exercitiis libens ac suplnis ma- 
 nibus exieplt (eiini). Suet. Vit. 7 (Kr.); 
 sinu complexuque excepit, cf. Cic Cat. 
 2, 10. 22: so, luore generally, libeiitl 
 laetuque animo exclpcre, Kr. (e Cic.) 
 an;/ one's house is 0. to strangers, patet 
 doinus alictijus bospillbus. Cic. Oft'. 2, 18. 
 64: mori' fully, hospitilms dorans patet 
 victu>que conimunicatur, Caes. U. G. 6, 
 2!, extr. II, Free from obstacles, 
 clear, exposed : 1. ipertus : a per- 
 fectly o. sea, oceanus apertissimus (opp. 
 10 conclusus, confined, inland), Caes. 
 B. G. ?, 9 : a ski/ perfectly o., coelum 
 patensatqup a., Cic. Div. 1, i, 2 : o.plains, 
 a. campi, Caes. B. G. }, 26. The neut. is 
 Used subs. : in aperto, in the 0. plain or 
 space, Liv. i, }}: Hor. .Join: porrecta 
 ac loca aperta, Caes. B. G. 2. 19 2. 
 patens: in the more o. ground, locis pa- 
 teiitioribus, Caes. B. G. 7, 28 : Sail. : 
 Liv. : cf. .mpr. (U., 1). 3- expeditus 
 ( free from difficulties ; praiticaJile) : 
 cf. Caes. B. G. I, 6, iter multo facilius 
 atque expeditius • Cic. 4. piirus (clear ; 
 not built on) : 0. ground, p. locus, Varr, 
 L. L. 5, 4, ?8 : Liv. .loin: puro ac 
 pafenti loco [dimicare]. Liv. 24, 14. 
 1^ h r. ■ in the o. air, sub divo, Cic. Verr. 
 2, I, 19, 51 : also, sub dio, Plin. Kp. 6, 
 16, 5 ; and sub Jove, Ov. F. 2, 299. 
 III. Accessible , in fig. sense expr. 
 by pilteo, 2- renards, honours which 
 are o. to all, praemia, honores quae 
 (omnibus) paient. Cic. Bal. 9. 24. Or by 
 lici t : that both places in the consulate 
 should be o. to plebeians, nt iitrumqiie 
 plebeium consulem fieri liceret, Liv. 8, 
 12, lin. Phr : to throw 0. tlie franchise 
 lo a large number, civitatem magnae 
 parti (populi) dare, atque communie ne, 
 Liv. 2J, 5, med. |V. -V<'t concealed, 
 puhlic ; undisguised. 1. iipertiis: 
 
 7iot stealthily, but by o. force, non fur- 
 lim sed vl apertii, Liv. 25. 24, i»it. : o. 
 {avoiied)freebooting. a. latrocinium.Cic. 
 Cat. 2, 1,1. 2, nianifestus: v mani- 
 fest. Phr.; in the o. dag (publpity), 
 in luce, Cic. Man. ?, 7 ; t" the o. part of 
 a house (o. court), In propjiculo aedium, 
 y.p. Han. 9 to e^po.^e anything to o. 
 vifi; aliqnid in promptu piuere, Cic. Off. 
 I, iS, 126. V. Candid, out-spoken : 
 
 hearted ; simplex, ingenuu* • 
 
 V. FRANK. INOEM-OUS. 
 
 opening (subs.) ■ |. ^Ict of open- 
 ing : expr. by Sperio, etc.. v. to opes. 
 (Apertio v. rare.) ||. Fm-mal decla- 
 ration lliat a building, etc., is opi-n for 
 use : dediciitio, consecratio . v. DEiiiCi 
 tion, CONSECRATION. Kor o norn-reli' 
 gious ceremony, perh. inauguriitii' (late 
 and rare); or p.xpr. by ve b: v to open 
 (A., 1 v.). To attend Vie o. of a railuay, 
 *adesse quum tanquam auspicandi causa, 
 primus currus in via 'errata trahitnr, im- 
 p'lUtur. Ilj. Heglnning. csp. of a 
 speech : exordium, principlum, etc. v. 
 sxoRurti^i. IV. Aperture : 1. fora- 
 men (strictly, a hole bored : from fiiro, to 
 pierce, lioi e) : v. hoi-k. Fig.: osfrom 
 the boili/ to the soul (the senses), f. ilia 
 quae pat^-nt ad aniinum a corp- 're, Cic. 
 Tusc. I. 20, 47. 2. lenestra (strictly, 
 an o in a wall to culiiiit light : used in 
 wider sense): o.s (loopholes) for dis- 
 charging missiles, f. ad tormenta mit- 
 tenda, Gnes. B. C. 2, 9, fin. ■ he made a 
 huge wide-mouthed o., ingentem lato 
 dedit ore f., Virg. Aen. 2, 482 : cf. infr. 
 (111.). 3. nmsi (crack, chinh) : t. 
 
 FissLT.E. 4. OS, oris, 71. (res-mbling 
 a mouth ; as on o. or entrance to a 
 cave): V. mouth (H. 1.). 5. iipertura 
 (rare): Vitr. 5, ;, i. 6. spiramentum 
 (for breathing ; air-hole) : Virg. : Just 
 V. Jn opportunity: Plir. an 0. 
 for dispute, ansa (lit. handle) contro- 
 versiarum,Cic.('aec. 6, eitr (v. handle, 
 IL) to make an 0. {••open a doin-") 
 for crime, lenestram ad nequitiam pate- 
 facere. Per. Heaut- f, I, 72 to jrresent 
 a fine o., *majoris (ortunae spem oppor- 
 tunitatemque afferie. 
 
 opening ("rf; ) : eplth. of medicine : 
 Phr.: to give o. meiiicine, medicamenta 
 ad alvum dejiciendam dare. cf.Cels. 2,12; 
 alvi dejectiiinem medicimientis petere, 
 id. I, J, med.: niedicamentis (aegrum) 
 purgare, cf id. ?. 2J: to take a strong o. 
 medicine, bene alvum dejicere.C.ili> R. R. 
 148. (As niedi. al terms may b.- used, 
 medicam nlum inirgativnm, depurga- 
 tivuni.Coel. Aur. ; purgaiorinnL-^^ymm.; 
 catliartkum, Kr. [not Ols.] : also 'ape- 
 rieiis, subs., M. L But In CeLs. aperire 
 refers to the opening of aJiscesses, etc., 
 not of the biwels: cf. 5. 18, 25.) 
 
 openly : I, Publicly, irilhout con- 
 cealment : 1. palani ( publiclii,.for all 
 to see): thi7igs done o. in Uie forum, 
 quae in foro p. gesta sunt, Cic Verr. 2, 2, 
 I?, 81. his enemiej! sle'c him o., hunc 
 inimici p inlerlecerunt. Caes. B G. ;, 25 
 cf. i«/r. (2). Strengthened, propalam , 
 Cic. deOr. i, ?5, 161. 2. aperte {nith- 
 oiit any disguise): o. to display one's 
 grief, dolorem a. ferre, Cic. PI. 14, }4. 
 Very oft. with another syn. : aperle et 
 palam (opp. to ex insidlis), id. Or 1 2, j8 . 
 plane et aperte, id. Fin. 2, 5. 15. ||, 
 Frankly; keeping nothing back : ipertS, 
 simpliciier, libere : v. fiianklt. 
 openness : expr. by adj • v. opek. 
 
 For fig. sens»>, V. KRANKNE.S.S. 
 
 opera : 'drama niusicum, melicnra 
 (Kr.). Biit the word drama its«>lf is late 
 and rare- perh. lietier, •tabula musica s. 
 melica [quae In scenis agitur]. 
 
 operate : I. ?*' <"='■ '"*«'■■ P°""" 
 upon anything perh. nulveo, im(vllt . 
 V TO iNFLiENfE. ||. In mcdicine, to 
 perform an o/ieration in surgery : sfcn. 
 ui, ctum, I (irith the knife): no one 
 before Marius is said to hare been o.d 
 on without b<iti_<7 ti'd, (nemo) ante M.a- 
 rium solutus dicitur esse seems, t3c, 
 5>9
 
 OPERATION 
 
 OPIUM 
 
 OPPORTUNITT 
 
 Tusc. 2, 22, 55 : to o. urith actual cautery 
 and knife, urere atque s., id. I'h. 8, ;, 
 15. Other phrr. are: manu curnre, Gels. 
 •J, init. (^comprising the whole of surgeii/ 
 proper) , scalpellum admovere(toemp/oi/ 
 the knife), il>. 7, 2, med. ; or scalpellum 
 adhibere, ib. 7, 20, init. ; scalpello in- 
 cidere (partem corporis), lb. ■;, 4 ; aperire 
 (to laij open with the knife), ib. 7, 19. 
 (Various painful ways of operating are 
 enumerated. Sen. Prov. j, 2, radere ossa 
 et legere, venas extrahere, membra am- 
 putare.) |||. Also medical, to take 
 effect (of medicine) : expr. by f acio, 
 efficas, prosum : the mixture o.s exceed- 
 ingly well, facit commode compositio. 
 Col. 7, 5, med. ; if the medicine have not 
 o.d. *si minus medicamentum profuerit : 
 the medicine luis not o.d, *medicamentum 
 nil profuit : where the sense is, to ojten 
 the bowels, use alvum dejicio (duco) ; cf. 
 Cato R. R. 148, ea re tot res sunt, ut 
 bene dejicias, so many ingredients, in 
 order that the medicine may o. well 
 (v. OPENING, adj.). Fhr. : so power- 
 fully did the medicine 0., tanta vis medi- 
 caminis erat. Curt, j, 6, ad fin. (Operor, 
 
 1 . in this sense, late : the poison o.s, 
 venenum o., Lampr. Com. 17.) 
 
 operation : I. ^t« of daing or 
 
 working : etfectio (v. rare) : Cic. Ac. i, 
 
 2, 6. Usu. better expr. by verb : these 
 things are the result of Divine 0., *haec 
 omnia a Deo paraUi atque effecta sunt. 
 Phr. : the 0. of all herbs is stronger in 
 cold regions, omiies herbae vehemen- 
 tiores effectu viribusque sunt in frigidis 
 locis, Plin. 27, I J, 119. II. Specially, 
 a military or naval o. ; usu. pi. Phr.: 
 to conduct military o.s, rem bellicam ad- 
 ministrare, Cic Div. 2, j6, 76: or sim- 
 ply, bellum administrare, id. Man. 20, fin. 
 (v. TO CARRY on) : naval o.s., res ma- 
 Tltimae, Caes. B. G. 4, 2J : all military 
 0.S are suspended, omnis administratio 
 belli consistit, id. B.C. 2, 12: Liv. : to 
 recommence o.s after winter-quarters, 
 ex hibemis movere {put the army in 
 motion), Liv. 22, init. \\\, A surgical 
 0. : 1, manus ciiratio (Gr. xa-povpyCa, 
 comprising tke ichole practice of sur- 
 gery) : cases where a surgical o. is 
 needed, ea quae c. manus postulant, 
 CeU. 7, 7, i;: so with desiderare, ib. 
 } I?. Or simply curatio (where the 
 context explains): an extremely nice 
 {delicate) 0., curatio subtilissima, ib. 
 1. c. : to be very careful throughout the 
 o., magnam diligentiam per omnera c. 
 habere, ib. 7, 12, 5- 2. melon, scal- 
 pellum {the lancet) : cases ivhich call for 
 a surgical 0., quae scalpellum desiderant, 
 ib. 7, 19, init. : to try bandages before 
 proceeding to a surgical o., ante sc. vinc- 
 turam experiri, ib. 7, 20, init. ; see also 
 TO OPERATE (II.). 3. seclio {with the 
 knife) : Plin. 25, ij, 94, fi"- ('n Gels. 
 pref. p. 6, Millig. = dissection). 4. 
 expr. by verb : to perform an o., secare, 
 urere, etc.; to undergo one, secari, uri, 
 etc.: V. TO OFEBATE (II.). To petform 
 the o. for the stone, calculos extrahere, 
 evellere. Gels. 7, 26 : to petform the 
 Caesarean o., *raeso matris utero 
 puerum extrahere, cf. Plin. 7, 9, 7. 
 
 operative (a<y) •• effleax : V. EFFI- 
 CACIOUS. 
 
 operative {subs.) .• opifex, Icis : Cic 
 Off. I, 42, ;o. ne class of o.s, qui ma- 
 nuum mercede victum quaeritant, cf. 
 Sail. Cat. J7, med. 
 
 operator : oxpr. by verb : v. to 
 OPERATF, (throughout). In med. sense, 
 use medicus, the assistant-o., being sim- 
 ply minister : Cels. 7,19. 
 
 OPerose : operosus v. laboriods. 
 
 ophthalmia ( oculorum inflamma- 
 
 Ophthalm/ S tio : Cels. 6, 6, 27 : 
 lippltudo (most gen. term for soreness 
 of the eyes), ib } 29 (genus aridae lippi- 
 tudinis : ^riptxpeaKtiiay Graeci appellant, 
 dry 0.) : a somewhat similar affection is 
 denotol by aspritudo (oculorum), ib. 
 $ 27. (Ophthalmia only as med. t. t. : 
 Med. Diet.) 
 
 opiate {sulis.) : medicamentum som- 
 nificnm : v. narcotic (subs, and adj.). 
 Or expr. by circuml. • to administer aii 
 520 
 
 o., somnum moliri potui dando aquam 
 in qua papaver [aut aliquid hvgusmodi] 
 decoctum sit, Cels. j, 18, med. ; somnum 
 raedicamentis arcessere, \\>.paulo ivfr.: 
 medicines which act as o.s, catapotia 
 quae somnodolorem levant, id. ?, 25, i ; 
 quae somnum faciunt, ib. 4 : the medi- 
 cine acts as an o., occurrit dolori per 
 quietem catapotium, ib. j : a powerful 
 0., catapotium ad somnum valens, ib. 2 : 
 the poppy is a good o., somno aptum est 
 papaver, id. 2, i2 : poppy is taken in 
 ivine as an o., papaver e vino bibitur 
 somni causa, Plin. 20, 18, 76. (Cels. 
 writes the word aviaSwa, anodynes, 
 only with Gk. characters : the term 
 opiatum [medicamentum] belongs to 
 modern med. Lat.) 
 opine : 6pinor, arbltror, i : v. to 
 
 THINK. 
 
 opiniative \ ^_ opinionated. 
 opiniated 5 . ^ 
 
 opinion: \. In gen. sense, a judg- 
 ment formed by the mind: 1. sen- 
 ten tia"(«'ai/ of thinking : rather stronger 
 than Eng.) : o settled and well-founded 
 o. concerning the gods, de diis stabilis 
 certaque s., Cic. N. D. 2, I, 2 : lam still 
 of the same 0., that we should do nothing, 
 adliiic in hac sum s., nihil ut faciamus, 
 id. Fam. 4, 4,/". •• to persist in one's o., 
 in s. persture, id. K. Com. txtr. : in my 
 0. (parenthetically), mea s., id. de Or. 2, 
 2J, 95 : t'l ask any one for his 0. {in the 
 senate), aliquem sententiam rogare, id. 
 Rep. 2, 20 : to express one's o. at length 
 {in the senate), accurate s. dicere, id. 
 Alt. 4, I. 2. opinio {supposition, 
 
 belief) ; to hold an o. (or belief), o. 
 habere (foil, by ace. and inf.), Cic. Div. 
 2, i5, 70: to share a popular o., in popu- 
 lari o. esse, id. Clu. 51, fin. : in my 0., 
 ut o. mea fert, id. Font. 1?, 29. 3. 
 jiidicium {deliberate o.) : it T-as always 
 my o. (or conviction), meum semper j. 
 fuit, Cic. Tusc. 1 , init. : in my o. at least, 
 meo quidem j., id. Br. 8, 32: v. judg- 
 ment. 4. censiira (a critical o.) : to 
 form an 0. concerning any one's tm-itings, 
 de alicujus scripto judicivim] censuram- 
 que facere, Gell. 12,2. Phr.: to enter- 
 tain an 0., sentire, Judicare, censere (v. 
 TO THINK, judge) : to be of one and the 
 same o., unum atque idem sentire, Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 7, 14: this is my decision, this 
 my 0., sic decerno, sic sentio, id. Itep. i, 
 46 : to entertain the saine o.s as another, 
 cum aliquo sentire, Ter. Andr. 2, i, 24 : 
 Cic. : to differ in o., dissenlire : their o.s 
 differ, inter se dissentiunt, id. Kin. 2, 6, 
 19 ; to ask any one's 0., consulere (v. 
 TO consult) : it is my o., mihi videtur : 
 id. Tusc. 5, 5, 12. II. A dogma or 
 tenet : 1. placitum (rare) : the o.s of 
 physicians, medicorum placita, Plin. 14, 
 22, 28 } 14?: M. L. (Better expr. by 
 puicet : it is the 0. of ( arneades, that 
 there are . . ., Carneadi placet esse . . . , 
 Cic. Ac. 2, ji, 99 : Hor. S. i, j, 96.) 
 2. dogma, iitis, n. (Gr. 6oyna" and 
 so perhaps always written by Cic. : cf. 
 Ac. 2, 9, 29, decretum, scitis enim Jam 
 hoc me Soy^a dicere) : Mart, i , 8, 2 : 
 Juv. : M. L. (N.B.— Cic.'s translation, 
 decretum, has not been adopted by other 
 writers.) 3. collectively, doctrina, 
 disciplina : v. doctrine, teaching. 
 III. Estimate of character, abilities, 
 etc. 1, opinio : / will not disappoint 
 your good 0. {of me), non fallam o. tuam. 
 Cic. Fam. 1,6: to form an unfavourable 
 o. of any one, de aliquo malam o. animo 
 imbibere, id. Verr. Act, i, 14, 42 : Caes. 
 2. existimatio : the good o. enter- 
 tained by soldiers of their commander, 
 militis de imperatore ex., Liv. 4, 41, 
 init. : Caes. Phr.: to form an 0. of 
 any one's abilities, de alicujus ingenio 
 existimare, Cic. Br. 21, 82 : v. to judge. 
 See also reputation. 
 
 opinionated: sententlae s. judicii 
 sui nimis pertinax ; qui suo judicio plus 
 aequo contidit. 
 
 opium : opium or 5pion {the in- 
 spissated and dried juice of the poppy) : 
 Plin, 20, i8, 76 { 199. {The decoction of 
 poppy-heads and leaves was called, me- 
 conium 1. c. } 202.) 
 
 opossum : * didelphis, didelphya 
 (Cycl.). 
 
 opponent : 1. adversarius {anta- 
 gonist, in the field, court, etc. : some- 
 what .stronger than Eng ) : a formidable 
 0., gravis a., Cic. Vat. i, i ; a. acer, id. 
 Ac. 2, 4, fin. (with ref. to discussif/n) : 
 to reply to an 0. {in court), adversario 
 respondere. Quint. 10, 7, i. 2. expr. 
 by verb (esp. when the ref. is to 
 simple discussion, rather than conflict 
 or struggle) : in reply to these argu- 
 ments, their 0.S urge .... his rationibus 
 opponuntur ab his qui contra disputant 
 . . ., Cic. Rep. 1, J : his o.s being the 
 aristocratic party, adversante fjictione 
 optimatium. Suet. Caes. 11 : the o.s of 
 the measure urge . . . , * contendunt ii 
 qui legi adversantur . . . : v. to oppose. 
 ,''. to denote an opponent in a 
 trial {the party represented by opposing 
 counsel = your client) : iste : Cic. Quint. 
 5, 18 (= Quintius's 0.). 
 
 opportune: 1. opportrmus: no- 
 thing more o. in time, (nihil) tempore 
 opportunius, Cic. Fam. 10, 16, init. : an 
 o. time of action, tempus actionis o., id.' 
 Off. 1, 40, 142. Very o., peropportnnus : 
 Cic. 2. idoneus, commodus ; v. suit- 
 able, convenient. 3. tempestlvus : 
 v. seasonable. Phr.: atano. time, in 
 tempore, Ter. Heaut. 2, j, 12} : stronger, 
 in tempore ipso, id. Andr. ;, 6, 10 (v. 
 nick, 11.) : an 0. time, opportunitas tem- 
 poris, occasio (v. oPPOKTUNm). 
 
 opportunely : 1. opportune : Ter. : 
 Caes. : Cic. Very o., peropportune, Cic. 
 N. D. I, (>,fin. 2. commode : to choose 
 a time for calling on any one o.,c. tempu3 
 ad aliquem capere adeundi.Cic. Fam. 11, 
 
 16 : V. CONVENIENTLY. (N. B.— Com- 
 
 modum =ijust at a certain time, e. g. 
 commodum .... quum, Cic. Att. u, 9: 
 in which sense commode also is used by 
 Cic. and other writers.) 3. in tempore, 
 per tempus : v. preced. art. fin. 4. 
 tempestive {seasonably, at the proper 
 seasoii) : Just. 34, i, j (= opportune, in 
 tempore). So Tac. has tempestivus : 
 have I not arrived o., num pariim tem- 
 pestivus veni? Dial. 14: cf. L. G. $ 345. 
 
 opportuneness : opportimitas : v. 
 suiTABLENF.ss. Or expr. by opportunus, 
 etc. : nothing could exceed the o. of your 
 arrival, *tuo adventu nihil potuit esse 
 opportunius; non potuisti magis in tem- 
 pore advenire : v. opportune, oppor- 
 tunely. 
 
 opportunity : 1. occasio {the right 
 or suitable time for action, as a thing 
 to be xvatched for and used; cf. Cic. Off. 
 I, 40, 142, tempus actionis opportunum, 
 Graece evxaipia, Latine appellatur oc- 
 casio : for opportunitas, v. infr. 3) : to 
 let slip an o. of doing anything, o. aliquid 
 faciendi amittere, Caes. B. G. 3, 18 : Ter. : 
 also, o. praetermittere, Caes. B.C. 3. 25 : 
 not to miss an o., occasionl non deesse, ib. 
 3, 79 : when an o. presents itself, o. data, 
 Cic. Ph. 7, 6, 18; o. oblata. Suet. Caes. 73 : 
 on a favourable 0., per o., Liv. 30, 3, 
 extr. : what a good, splendid 0., quanta, 
 quam praeclara o., Cic. Mil. 14, 38. 2. 
 tempus (which from the context, freq. 
 = the right time) : you have such an o. 
 as no one ever had before, t. habes tale, 
 quale nemo habuit unquam, Cic. Ph. 7, 
 extr. : PI. Merc. 5, 4, 39 (tale t., ut . . . ) : 
 compare also oiportunely. Join: 
 occasio et tempus, PI. Ps. 4, 2, J. 3. 
 opportunitas {suitableness in a general 
 sense: esp. of place, opportunitas loci; 
 also of time, opportunitas temporis) ; 
 Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 45 (where, like occasio, 
 it is given as = Gk. evKaipia, but in 
 abstr. sense; not = an opportunity, but 
 fitness of time) : tite knowledge of o.s 
 for action, scientia opportunitatis ido- 
 neorum ad agendum temporum, id. Off. 
 I, 40, 142 : to avail rmeself of an o., 
 o temporis uti, Caes. (in Kr.). 4. eopla 
 {means and facilities for doing any- 
 thing) : he had a fine 0. of cementiTig an 
 alliance, habere eum magnam c. socie- 
 Litis conjungendae. Sail Jug. 83 : to give 
 all the 0. of consulting one, facere omni- 
 bus consilii sui c, Cic. de Or. 5, 33. i(3- 
 5. facultas Csim. to copia : power
 
 OPPOSE 
 
 OPPOSITION 
 
 OPPRESSOR 
 
 to do anythivg, pt-acticability and to, 
 opportunity) : to give any one an o. of 
 coming to a true judgment, alltui vere 
 ludicandi facere f., id. Wfn. 2, 2, 7 ?, i']9 . 
 to preterd an 0. of escape, f. fugae dare, 
 Caes. IV (J. I, }i, extr. : so, potestas : 
 V. poWKR. I' h r. : tu give any one an o. 
 to find fault, tanquam ansani dare 
 alicui ad reprelitTidendum, Cic. Am. 16, 
 59 (v. HANi.LK) : <« iwH uith an o. Jor 
 doing somelhiug, locum nancisci aliquid 
 facieiidi, id Att. i, 18, f: to l<xik for an 
 o. I. spectai-s aliquid laciendi, Caes. B. G. 
 5, 44 : Cate had the o. of indulging him- 
 telf in retireme-it, Catoni licuit se de- 
 lectare In otio, Cic. Uep. init. (v. li- 
 berty, BE AT). 
 
 oppose ; I. Tb present in opposi- 
 tion : 1. oppono, p6sui, itum, j : 
 Caesar o.d to litis (cavalry) his own 
 horse, huic suos Cuesar cqultes opposuit, 
 Caes. B C. }, 75: Cic. 2. objicio, jeci, 
 ctum, } : to o. xoaggons by v-ay of ram- 
 po.rt, carros pro vallu obj., Caes, B. G. i, 
 26. Join: objicere et opponere, Cic. 
 Pbr. : to all this, one nonsiiifratiim o.d 
 itstlf, his omnibus rebus unum re- 
 pugnabat, Caes. B. G. i, 19. ||, To 
 offer opposition to : J, adversor, i 
 (most gen. term, actively tn resift) : with 
 dat. or abscd. ; later with ate. [not to be 
 imitated]: who o.d I soc rates more vhe- 
 inently (than Aristotle) ? quis Isocrati 
 est adversatus impensius? Cic. Or. 5:, 
 172: to o. (tiithstand) anyone's lusts, 
 alicujus libidini a., id. Verr. 5, ji, 82: 
 when Nature o.s and resists, adversante 
 et repugnante N'atura, id. Off. 1, ji, no: 
 Tac. : Suet. 2. rgpuguo, 1 (to struggle 
 against ; a stronger and more vivid 
 expr. than advei"sor, cf. supr. exx. : 
 with dat. or absol.): neither U> give uay 
 {to a proposal), nor strongly to 0., neque 
 concedere neqiie valde r., Cic. Fam. i, 2, 
 Vied. I^ess freq. foil, by prep., resistere 
 et repugnare contra veritatem, id. R. 
 Cora. 17, 51. 3. obsto, siiii, stitum, i ; 
 also, obsisto, stlti, stitum, j {to stand 
 in the way, make a stand against : foil, 
 by dat. or ne with subj., and in negative 
 sentences, quin. quoniinus) : Jlistiaeus 
 ojd the scheme, Histiaeus, ne res conti- 
 ceretur, obstitit, Nep. Milt, j : to thwart 
 and 0. any one's designs, conslliis ali- 
 cujus occurrere atque obsistere, Cic. Cat. 
 }, 7,. /in. : V. TO RESIST. 4. refragor, i 
 {to give vote or voice against ; opp. to 
 suffragor : with dat.) : to o. a very inti- 
 mate friend, homini amicissimo r., Cic. 
 I'h. 11,9, init. : too any Otoe's advance- 
 ment, honori alicujus r., Liv. 4;, 40, riud. 
 I' h r. : too. in argunwnt, coiiua aliquem 
 disputare, Cic. Rep. i, }. 
 
 OWOSeA { pO'i't- "^"1^ Mlj .) : 1, ad- 
 versus : opp. to secundus : v. unfa- 
 vouBABLK, ADVERSE, 2. adversarius 
 {antagonistic, hostile) : violence, nwst 
 of all o. to law, vis juri ma.\ime a., Cic. 
 Caec. 2, 5 : Nep. 3. diversus : one 
 who is diametrically o. to you {in 
 opinion), qui a te tutus diversus est, 
 Cic. Ac. 2, }2, loi : V. oprosiTK. 4. 
 contrarius: v.contrary. 5. inimicus: 
 
 V. HOSTILE, UNFRIENDLV. To be 0. tO, 
 
 repugnare : v. to oppose. 
 
 opposite (orf?) •" I. fronting, 
 
 placed in front of : 1, adversus : the 
 Rastamae inhabit the o. side, Bastarnae 
 adversa (aversa, Ian.) tenant, I'lin. 4, 
 12,25. Join: adversus et contrarius 
 {facing and taking an opposite direc- 
 tion), Caes. B. G. 2, 18. 2. expr. by 
 e rSgione : v. opptisiTE, prep. (X.B. — 
 Opposite is here treated as j»-ep. wherever 
 it is or may be foil, by to : v. oi'posite 
 TO.) II. Reverse ; 1. contrarius : 
 <m the o. side of the eartli, e c. parte 
 terrae, Cic. Ac. 2, jq, 125 to move in an 
 o. direction, in c. partem ire, Caes. B. C. 
 • 169. . 2. diversus: the horses nere 
 driven rapidly in o. directions. In d. 
 iter eqiii concitati, Liv. i. 28, ^n.: he 
 drew up his arm.y facing {tnu) o. ways, 
 d. aciem constituit, Caes. B. C i, 40: 
 cf. ib. 69, where iter a proposlto diver- 
 sum, is explained by, in coiitrariam 
 partem ire. |||. Logically: 1, con- 
 trarius : thetj run to the o. extremes, in 
 
 contraria {sc. vitla) currunt, Hor. S. 1,2, 
 
 '24; Cic. Join: contraria, divcrsa, 
 
 inter se pugnantia, Cic. Coel. 5, extr. 
 
 2. diversus {totally different, and 
 
 so opposite): o. vices, dl versa inter se 
 
 mala, .Sail. Cat. 5 : Cic. : Hor. 3. I'xpr. 
 
 by inter se piignare, repugnare : cf. supr. 
 
 (11., I). ly. in action, an<a^ontj{ic.- 
 
 1. adversarius. the o. J ojctivn, taicMo 
 
 a., Nep. I'h'jc. i ; Cic. : v. opi»osei>. 
 
 2. diversus (in later autliorst . Ute 
 o. faction or party, d. factio, Suel. Caes. 
 20; d. partes, ib. 1 : an advo'.ate nho 
 is on the 0. side, ex di verso jiatroniis 
 consistens, Quint. 4, i, 42. 3. ininiicus : 
 
 V. HOSTILE. 
 
 opposite (subs.) : expr. by contrarius, 
 adversii.',, oppOsitus (this la-t only in neut. 
 pi. =Gk. ai'Tiicei/iei'a, Gcll. 16, 8): the 
 u. of this excellence is viciousness, hiijus 
 virtutis c. est vitiosltas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 
 J4: alsoinneut.pl. as subs.: there aie 
 several kinds of o.s, contrariorum genera 
 sunt plura, Id. Top. 11, 47 : in the same 
 pa.s.sage, direct o.s are described thus, 
 occurrunt, tanquam e regione, quaedam 
 contraria : such were si)eeificaUy named, 
 adver.sa, ib. (N.B.— Contrarium is not 
 u.'-eil in sin;;, as subs.) 
 
 opposite to, opposite {pri-p- and 
 
 adv.): 1. contra (with ace); one side 
 is o. to tlaul, unum latus est c. Galliam, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, I J ; to erect a fart o. to a 
 citadel, casteilum c. arcem objicere, Liv. 
 J8, 4 : also without case : he stands o. 
 {you) and bids you stand, stat c. st^trique 
 jul)et, Juv. J, 290. 2. e regione {right 
 0. to; foil, by gen. or dat.; also absol.): 
 you affirm that 0. to us, on the coidrary 
 side of Ute earth, are the antipo<ies, 
 dicitis e regione nobis, e contraria parte 
 terrae, esse Qantlpodas], Cic. Ac. 2, }<), 
 12} : o. to the toivn was a hill, erat e re- 
 gione oppidi collis, Caes. B. G. 7, }6 : 
 to pitch one camp o. to another, e regione 
 castris castra ponere, ib. 7, j; : Nep. 
 
 3. ex adverse, also written as one 
 word (foil, by dat. or gen.): a harbour 
 {on the coast of Asia) situated just o. to 
 the city {rf Rliodes), portus ex adv. urbi 
 ipsi positus, Liv. 4;. 10 : o. to the river 
 keenus, ex adv. fluminis Kveni, Plin. 4, 
 4, 5. Also without case expr. : when 
 the fleets nere stationed o. each other, 
 quum ex adv. starent classes, Just. 2, 14. 
 
 4. adversus, or -um (with ace.) : 
 the physician should sit 0. to the patient, 
 medicus adv. aegrum debet residere, 
 Cels. J, 6, vied. : Flin. Less freq. exad- 
 versus, -um, also with ace. : an altar 
 vas dedicated o. the spot, ara cxadversus 
 euni locum consecrala est, Cic. Div. i, 
 45, loi. 5. in addition to the almve 
 adverbial words and ph.r:-., the partt. 
 oppositus, objectus, may be used : e. g. 
 the vuxm, when it comes o. to the sun, 
 cuts off" its light, luna opposita soli, 
 lumen ejus obscurat, Cic. Div. 2, (>, Jin. : 
 this island, situated o. Altxandria, forms 
 a harbimr, haec insula objecta Alexan- 
 driae, ponum efficit, Caes. B. C. j, 112. 
 
 opposition : I. ^ct of opposing : 
 expr. b\' verb : to offer a stren uous o. to 
 a measure, *aliciii legi acriter (vehe- 
 menter) adversari, repugnare. refragari, 
 etc. : a strenuous 0. is offered to the pro- 
 posal, 'huic sententiae acriter resistiiur : 
 v. TO OPPOSE, RESIST. (.N.B.— Not re- 
 pugnantia, in this sense ; which in Cic. 
 = contrariety : v. infr.) ||, Con- 
 
 trariety : 1, rgpugnantia : o. of ex- 
 pediency {to vittue). utilitatis r., Cic. Off. 
 }, 4, 17: Plin. 2. discrfipanlia : v. 
 DISAGREEMENT. Or expr. by ptigno, 
 discrepo, contrarius, etc.: not to per- 
 ceive the o. betwien these things, *quam 
 haec inter se pugnent, djscrepent, quam 
 contraria sint non videre : v to dis- 
 agree ; also, OPPOSITE (Hi.), contrarv.' 
 Ill, Adxierse party: factio adver- 
 saria, adversa, diversa (late) ; partes ad- 
 versariae : v. opposed. Specially, the o., 
 as distinguisheii from the government : 
 
 • f:ictio adversaria lis quos penes summa 
 lerum est: but usu., factio adversaria 
 will be precise enough : the 0. benches, 
 
 * adversariorum subsellia ; or simply, 
 adversa subsellia : used by Quint, of 
 
 the benches allotted to the other tide i« 
 court, II, }, i{2, 
 
 oppress : \. To weigh doiim, over- 
 burden : 1. prCmo, s>i, ssum, ; -. to be 
 o.'d H-ith delit, aere alleno premi, Caes. 
 B. G. 6, I { : sorrows which 0. tne, 
 aerumnae quae me p.. Sail. Jug. 17. 
 Stronger ig opprimo, } {to weigh quite 
 down, overwhelm) : to be o.'d with suf- 
 fering in every part of the body, totiua 
 corporis doloribus opprimi, Cic. Fam. 9, 
 14, ad init. : {hopelessly) o.'d u-ith debt, 
 aere alicno oppressus, Cic. Cat. 2, 4. 
 extr. : Sail. 2. affligo, xi. ctum, j 
 (strictly, to dash to the ground : hence, 
 to distress grievously) : esp. In p. part., 
 o.'d with grief, affliclions, etc., moerore, 
 aegrltudinlbus afilictus : Cic. past. 3. 
 grSvo, I ■ V. to weigh down. 4' 
 finfiro, I (esp. oi food which lies cm the 
 stomach): I'lin.: v. Tf> i-oad (L, 1). 7b 
 l>e o.'d{uncomfortalily fatigued), ingrs- 
 vescere, Cic. Sen. 1 1, j6. ||. To treat 
 oppressively : 1. opprimo, } (in con- 
 nexion with some other words to com- 
 plete the idea, as servitus, crudelilas) : 
 to liberate one't country when o.'d by 
 tyrants, patriam a tyrannis oppreteam 
 e servltute in libertatem vindicare, Nep. 
 Thras. 1 : to o. a stale, civiialem ser- 
 vitute oppressam tenere, Auct. pro dom. 
 51. i?l. 2. vexo, I (to treat with 
 
 outrage and violence) : to o. and ruin a 
 province, provinciam v. atque perdere, 
 Cic. Verr. Act. i, 4, 12: to o. and im- 
 poverish a territory, agros v. atque 
 exinanire, Cic. Verr. j, 52. 122. Join: 
 lacerare atque vexare {most cruelly to 
 o.), Cato in Gell. 2, 6, vud. (where the 
 full force of the verb vexo is explained). 
 
 3. expr. by Injuria, with a verb: 
 since he o.'d all the .-Sicilians, quum om- 
 nibus Siculis injurias faceret, Cic. Div. 
 Verr. 16. 52: so, injurias imponere, in- 
 juriis afficere, id. v. injurv, ixjustre. 
 P h r. : the humbler classes were vantonly 
 and cruelly o.'d, in humiliores libidinose 
 crudeliterque consulebatur, Liv. j, 57, 
 med. : see also to ttrannizk. 
 
 oppression : I. -^ veighing doicn : 
 gravatio : 0. after food, g. post cibum, 
 Coel. Aur. (Or expr. by verb : v. to 
 oppress,!.) \\, Cruelty and tyranny : 
 1, injiiria : or more expressively 
 (cf. I,. G. ^ 591), injiiriae : to resist o., 
 ire obviam injuriae, Liv j, }•), extr.: 
 o. practised upon peoples and indi- 
 viduals, populorum privatorumque in- 
 juriae, Cic. Verr. Act. 1 , 2, 6 : to add 0. 
 to o., cumulare injuria.s, Liv. }, 57, ad 
 init. 2. servitus (a state of' bondage 
 and 0.) : the Athoiians liewailed their 
 grievous o., tristem s. flebant Attici. 
 Phaedr. i, 2, 6: Cic: cf. to oppress 
 (II., 1). 3. vexatio (uio/CTit and crurf 
 usage) : Liv. : v. outrage 
 
 oppressive : 1. gravis, praegi-avls 
 {burdensinne in any way) : if these 
 {requirements) sefmed o. or distressing, 
 haec si g. aut acerba videaniur. Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 14 : o. bondage, praegrave ser- 
 vitlum, Plin.: v. cRiKvons. 2. mS- 
 lestus (les.s strong than Kiig.) : v. troij- 
 BLESOME, IRKSOME. 3. ^cerbus (bitter 
 and distressing) : mfist o. taxes, acer- 
 bissima tributa. Cic. Fam. i;, 4, init. .- 
 cf. supr. (I), where acerbiis Is tL«cd as 
 a heightened expression after gravis. 
 
 4. iniquiis {nnfiir. pressing too 
 heavily on): v. r.vju.-T. Phr. : most 0. 
 taxation, intolerabilia tributa, Cic. Fam. 
 i, 7, i»iil. : the n. (llL leaden) & n-ind, 
 plumbeus Auster, Hor. S. 2,6, i8(gravis 
 = unhealthy) : to l/ecome more and more 
 0., ingravescere. Cic. Br. i, 10, init. 
 
 oppressively : gravlter, mAleste, 
 acerbl : cl. procid. art. 7b govern a 
 stcUe o., •civitatem Iniqiio (superbo, 
 intolerabili") imperio coercere: v. op- 
 pressive, ttrannh'al. 
 
 oppressiveness : iicerbitas {affHc- 
 
 tiveness) : Join: acerbilas atque in- 
 juria, Cic. Fam. 6, 10, ad fin. Usu. 
 expr. by adj. : v. opprijssive. See also 
 
 OPPKE-ViloN. 
 
 oppressor : tyrannns : V. tyrant. 
 Or expr. by circuml. . sometimes the 
 weak turn upon their oa, *aliqu>*ido
 
 OPPROBRIOUS 
 
 ORAL 
 
 ORATORY 
 
 etiam infiriuiores injuriis cumuiati ul- 
 cisceiidi sui causfl. m domiims invaduut : 
 ikf, o. is hated by all, *superbuiii inju- 
 riosumque honiinem nemo nun odit ; 
 tlie o. of Sicily, *qui SiL-iliam vexavit 
 atque perdidit: v. to opj-bess. (N.B.— 
 By no means oppressor : v. Smith's Lat. 
 Diet. 8. V.) 
 
 opprobrious : turpis, probrosus 
 (rare), etc. : v. disgracekul. Oft. expr. 
 by probriim : to be looked on as o., 
 probro haberi. Sail. Cat. I2 Idters full 
 of 0. lanyuage towards any one, epistolae 
 plenae omnium in aliquem probrorum, 
 Cic. Att. II. 9. 
 
 opprobriously : probrose ; Sen. : 
 
 Gell. : V. DISGUACEFCLLY. 
 
 opprobrium : dedgcus, probrum, 
 opprobrium : v. disgrace, reproach. 
 
 optative: mSdus optativus: Diom.: 
 Prise. : M. L. 
 
 optic, optical: *opt!cus: only as 
 Ecient. t. t. : Cartes : etc. Otherwise 
 expr. by ociiius, video, visus. etc. : an o. 
 illusion, mendacium oculurum, Cic. Ac. 
 2, 25, 80 (Kr.) : the 0. iierves, *nervi qui 
 ad videiiduin adliilieiitur. 
 
 optician: homo optices gnarus s. 
 peritiis cl. Vitr. 1,1,?. Beit<-r tor bre- 
 vity, opticus (liiie matliematicus, histu- 
 ricus, etc.) : or, it to denote ini tye-docior, 
 oculorum medicus ; v. oculist. 
 
 optics: optice, es: Vitr. 1, 1, j : cf. 
 ib. ^ 16, where the phr. de visu is used 
 to represent Gls otttikos Aoyos. Also 
 optica, orum : Caries Dioptr. 
 
 option : opiio : you have the o. 
 vhether . . , o. vohis datur, ulrum . . . , 
 Cic. in Quint. 5, 10, 69: Liv. Join: 
 optionem potestatemque tacere alicui, 
 id. t)iv. Verr. 14 45. Phr.: I shall 
 have the o. either to publish the book or 
 supjn-ess it, erit liberiim niilii vet pub- 
 licare vel continere (libnim), I'lin. Ep. 
 
 1, 8, J : / have no 0. in the matter, res 
 non est mei arlntrii, cf. Cic Att. 15, ij : 
 / have r.o longer any 0., non integrum 
 est mihi, cf. id. Att. 15, 2!. 
 
 optional : cujus reiopii(jdatur(est) : 
 cf. prec«'d. art. 
 
 optionally: ex option?: v. OPrtON. 
 
 opulence : opulemia (great ivealth : 
 rare) Sail. Cat. sz.jiied (opp. toegestas). 
 Fig. : of language : Claud. See also 
 RlCHt:s Phr.: those nhii live in ease 
 and 0.. quibus domi otium atque di- 
 vitiae afRuunt, Sail. Cat. }6. 
 
 opulent: 1. opulens. ntis; and 
 more freq. opiiientus. Join: opu- 
 lentus fortunaiusque, Cie. Off. 2, 20, 70 
 plenum alque opulentum [oppidum], 
 Caes. B. C. }, 80. 2. locuples, dives : 
 V. WEALTHY, RICH Phr.; afeir o. men, 
 pane! opibus et copiis afBuentes, Cic. 
 Asrr. 2, JO, 82 : to be extremely 0., divitiis 
 abundare (aflfiuere, Lucr.) : v. Ricnra. 
 fN.B -Opulentus seems not to be us^d 
 fig. of diction : but Hor. bas dives in 
 this sense: fundet opes, Latiumque 
 beabit divite lingua, Ep. 2, 2, 121.] 
 
 or: I. In sentences not interro- 
 gative : 1. aut, usu. following another 
 uut; = eitlier . . . or : a pieceding aut 
 is not found when what follows is rather 
 an afierthougbt than an alternative pri- 
 marily entertained cf. Cels. i, 2, exer- 
 citationis plerumque finis esse debet 
 sudor, aut certe lassitudo, a perspira- 
 tion ; or, at least, fatigiie: add Cic. Div. 
 
 2, 26, init. Sometimes aut ^ o;- else; 
 when a sudden lurn is given to the dis- 
 course cf Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 5, omnia . . . 
 bene ei »uni dicenda, qui hoc se posse 
 protitetur, aut eloquentiae nomen re- 
 linquendum est, or else he must aban- 
 don,etc. 2. vgl, freq.followinganother 
 vel ; = vhether . . . or : denoting not, as 
 aut usually does, a distinct alternative, 
 but rather one which is compatible with 
 the former one : L. G. ^ 570. -ve is 
 simply an abbreviated form of vel, 
 being used enclitically ; L. 0. } 570, 
 Obs. 2. 3. SI ve (sen) : both with and 
 without an antecedent sive (seu) : 
 usually indicating an indifference be- 
 tween two alternatives: v. whether. 
 £Kr. thus sums up the uses of the 
 above : — The particle aut distinguishes 
 
 522 
 
 objects or sentences, which are either 
 actually opposed, or at least regarded 
 as quite different: vel indicates that it 
 is, in the given case, indifferent which of 
 the objects or predications is accepted ; 
 whether they differ or not in them- 
 selves being another question : -ve dis- 
 tinguishes mostly single words, less 
 liequenily sentences ; and denotes a less 
 important verbal or real difference : 
 sive is used (1) when an option is given 
 between two or more names or predi- 
 cates ot the same thing ; and (2) when 
 the writer, himself hesitating between 
 two or more causes, conditions, etc., 
 leaves the reader to accept which alter- 
 native he chooses.] ||. In interroga- 
 tive sentences : 1. an, lollov.ing utrum 
 or -tie in the former part of the double 
 question : is it money that makes you 
 prouder, or (the fact) that the com- 
 mander consults you / utrum te super- 
 biorem pecunia facit, an quod te im- 
 perator opiisuht.' Cic. Fam. 7, ij: am I 
 to go to Home, or stay here r Homamne 
 venio, an hie maneo? id. Att. 16, 8: 
 sometimes, esp. iti dependent questions, 
 the antecedent whctheris not expressed : 
 shall I speak out or hold my peace f 
 eluquar an sileam > Virg. Aen. }, }<) : 
 to doubt I'hether anything be right or 
 uTong, dubiiare aequum sii quicquam 
 an iniquum, Cic. Off. i, 9,./m. 2. -ne 
 (infreq.) ; it uas niicertain uhether they 
 had conquered or been conquered, in- 
 certum fuit viceriiit, victlne essent, I-iv. 
 5, 28. metl.: Nep. Esp. in the expr., 
 or no, neene : v. infr. (4, 2). 3. pleo- 
 nasiically, anne (inlreq.) to asfc whether 
 there are fen or many, inteirogare pauca 
 sint anne multa, Cie. Ac. 7, 29 9?. 4. 
 expr. w not, or no. by (1). annon (or as 
 two words) : is it the person 1 am in 
 Search of or not/ isne est quem quaero 
 annon ?" Per. Ph. 5, 6, 12 : Cic. (2). less 
 freq. necne (in questions expressed by 
 whether . . . or no) .- the questicn arises, 
 iihtther or no there are gods, quaeritur 
 sinine dii necne sint Cic. N.D. 1, ii,6i: 
 also without the verb being repeated : 
 vhether battle could be advant'jgeously 
 joined or no, utrum proelium comniitti 
 'ex usu esset, necne, Caes. B. G. i, 50. 
 (N.B. — Never aut in questions.) 
 
 orach : atriplex, icis : Col. : Plin. 
 (*.\. hortensis, Linn.) 
 
 oracle : 1. oraculum (strictly, 
 
 the I espmi.se oftlie deity : abo by melon., 
 the orai'ulo.r shrine) : to delirer an o., 
 o. dare, edere, Cic. Tuse i, .^8, extr. : 
 to seek an o.from Delphi (= consult the 
 
 0. of Delphi), o. Delphis petere, id. Div. 
 
 1, 4J, 95: also, o. quaerere, Virg. G. 4, 
 449; poseere, ib. ?, 456; consulere (by 
 no means in prose), Ov. M. J, 8 : the so 
 
 famous o. of (lit. at) Delphi, iliud o. Del- 
 phis tarn celebre, Cic. Div. i, 19, J7 ; so, 
 maxime inclitum in terris o. (sc. Del- 
 phorum), Liv. 1. 56, med. 2. re- 
 sponsum (the re.sponse : Gr. xpr/o-fios) : 
 Liv. 1. c. Jin. : Tac. : Virg. 3. sors, 
 sortis, /. (strictly, a billet or ticket ; the 
 responses being written on such: hence 
 melon., the sentence inscribed) : the 
 Lycian o.s (i. e. of Apollo), Lyciae s., 
 Virg. Aen. 4, ;46 : Ov. (I.iv. has, 
 responsa senium, i, 56 : but the use of 
 sortes alone = oraeula is poet.) Phr.: 
 they sent to consult the 0. of Delphi, 
 miserunlDelphosconsultuni,Nep. I'hem. 
 2 : lor consulere, also deliberare, id. Milt. 
 init. (ex his delecti Delphos deliberalum 
 missi sunt) : the act of enquiry is de- 
 noted by sciscitart, Cic. Div. i, J4, fin, : 
 Liv. I, s(^,fn. : also by scitari (oracula), 
 Virg. Aen" 2, 114: he speaks like an o., 
 *ita loquitur homo lanquam si deorum 
 oracula ederet. 
 
 oracular : expr. by oraciSlum : re- 
 ce'.ring his words as o., quae dixerat 
 oraculi vice accipiens, Tac. A. 6, 21 (R. 
 and A.). Phr.: i« an o. manner, per 
 ambages : v. jiysteri' iUsi.y. 
 
 oracularly : v. preced. art. 
 
 oral : l' h r. : io reserve a matter for 
 0. communication, aliquid praesenti ser- 
 moni reservare, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 8 : no o. 
 answer xias given to the messenger. 
 
 nunlio nihil voce respunsum est, Liv. i_ 
 54, med. : to give o. instructio)i to pupils, 
 verbis praecipere discentibus, Cic. Tusc. 
 5, 39, iij : o. tradition, *quae sine llt- 
 teris memoriae tradunlur: o. communi- 
 cation, viva ilia ul dicitur, vox, Quint. 
 2, 2, 8 : Plin. min. 
 
 orally : voce, verbis, sine litteris: 
 V. preced. art. Sometimes coram may 
 serve: to discuss a tiling xi-ith any 
 one, coram cum aliquo aliquid agere, 
 Cic. Fam. 5, 12. init. : t. face to > ace. 
 
 orange : * malum auranlium : the 
 tree, *citrus Aurantium (Linn.). 
 
 orange-colour: 'color iuteiis,quali8 
 est niali auranlii : less precisely, color 
 eroceus: v. saffron, yellow. 
 
 orangery : 'citretum : after anal, of 
 pinetum, etc 
 
 orang-outang: *simia satyrus; 
 pilhecus satyrus; pongo (diff. species): 
 Cycl. 
 
 oration : 1. oratio (more com- 
 prehensive than Kng., and including 
 any kind of speech or discomse) ; to 
 compose, adorn, delive)- an 0., o. faeere, 
 ornare, habere, Cic. : v. speiich. Asmall 
 or short o., oraliuncula : Cic. Br. 19, exlr. 
 2. contio(.''^ecA before the people or 
 an anny) : to deliver an o., c. habere, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, init. : Cars. : v. harangue. 
 A funeral o., laudatio (_sc. lunebris), 
 Cie. Mil. 13, init.: Quint, j, 7, 2 (1. fu- 
 nebri^) : less freq., epitaphium (Gr. 
 €7riTa(/)ios Ao-yo?): a festival or eulo- 
 gistic u., panegyricus : v. pakegyric. 
 
 orator : 1. 61 ator : an absolutely 
 perject o. ; o. plenus aique perfeetus, 
 Cic. de Or. i, ij, extr.: omni laiide cu- 
 mulatus 0., ib. i , 6, init.^ an accmnjilished 
 o., o. doctus, ib. }, J5, 14! : to reckon 
 any o^ie among o.s, aliquem in oraloruni 
 nuniero habere, il). i, 16, 72 : to discourse 
 concerning the functiim and principles 
 of the 0., de officio et ratione oratoris 
 disputare, ib. 1 , 18,82. (N.B.— Rhetor is 
 a Greek teachei- (f rhetoric.) 2. (vlr) 
 eloquens (a truly eloquent man ; a good 
 o. : whereas orator includes good, ttad, 
 or indifferent) : the paucity 0) great o.s, 
 eloquentium paucitas, Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 
 19 : incomparably the greatest of o.s, 
 (vir) longe omnium in dicendo gra- 
 vissimus et eloquentissimus, ib. i, 11, 47. 
 Phr.: an excellent or admirable o., 
 divinus homo in dicendo, ib. i, 10,40; 
 ornatus homo in dicendo el gravis, ib. 
 J 42 ; homo in dicendo acerrimus et 
 copiosissimus (full of fire and elo- 
 quence) : to be a very great o., sumniam 
 vim habere dicendi, ib. i, 20, init.: a 
 perfect born o., unus ad dicendum in- 
 structissimus a naliira, ib. j, 8. extr. : 
 to be the first of o.s, principatum elo- 
 quentiae tenere, Nep. Att. 5. 
 
 oratorical : 1. oratorlus (per- 
 
 taining to the oratm- or his ai t) : the o. 
 faculty, o. vis dicendi, Cic. Ac. 1,8, }l: 
 the o. art, ars o.. Quint, prooem. $ 17. 
 (Rhetoricus = rhetmiral; relating to 
 technical side of eloquence.) 2. expr. 
 by orator: the o. gift, vis oratoris [pro- 
 fessioque dicendi], Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 21. 
 Phr.: to have o. power (multum, plu- 
 rimum), in dicendo valeie, id. Br. 7, 27 
 V. orator (fin.). See also RHtroRiCAL. 
 
 oratorically : oratorie (after the 
 manner of an orator : rare) : Cic. Br. 
 68, 227 : Quint. -<0r by circuml., oratoris 
 modo, ex oiatoris ratione: v. okatok.) 
 
 oratorio: * drama melicum sacrum 
 quoil sine gestu peragitur. 
 
 oratory : I. 'l'^^ oratorical art : 
 
 1. expr. by dli o ■ cf. Cic. de (Jr. 2, 
 2, init.. bene dicere, quod est, scienter 
 et perite et ornate dicere (c/ood 0.) : the 
 entire doctrine of o,, omnis doctrina 
 dicendi, id. Part, i, i : the profession of 
 0., professio bene dicendi, id. de Or. 1, 6, 
 21. the art or study of 0., ariificiuni i. 
 studium dicendi, ib. 2, 7, 29: the theory 
 of o., ratio dicendi. Quint, prooem. init. 
 
 2. oratoria ars : (juinl. prooem. } 17. 
 
 3. rhetSrice, es; and rhet6riea, ae: 
 Cic. : Quint. : v. rhetoric. See also 
 ELoQUENCF,. II. In concrete sense, 
 eloquent speech : elOqueutia ; vis di- 
 cendi: v. eloquence, styles of o.,geaez»
 
 OB B 
 
 ORDER 
 
 ORDINANCE 
 
 dicendi : Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 92. |||. A 
 place of prayer : oratorium (sc. sacclliini, 
 templum) . Aug. Ep. ; M L. (Sacrariuiii, 
 Bacclluni, acdicula, are too general : and 
 proseucha is used only of the^roi/i«p- 
 jpUues of the Jews.) 
 
 orb {tubt.) : orbis, is, m. (anything 
 iiisklike or globular) : to fill her 0. (of 
 the moon), o. implcre, Ov. M. 7, 5JO: 
 Virg. JJimin., orbiculus (a small disk) ; 
 
 Plin. : V. GUJBE. 
 
 orb ("•) •■ in orbem torqueri s. curvari : 
 cf. Cic. I'lm. "7 : Ov. M. 2, Ti;. Phr. : 
 to o. into Ihe perfect whole ( I'ennyson), 
 •qua-si orbem (>uumj plenum atque per- 
 fectuni coniplerf. 
 
 orbed (po.rt. adj.): expr. by orbis: 
 o. shieU (Milt.), orbis clypei : cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 10. ■j8} : that o. blaze (Ktble), ful- 
 ^idus ille orbis : cf. Virg. li. i, 459- See 
 also ROUND, CIUCUI.AK. (Orbiculatus, 
 only of small objects ) 
 
 Oibif. : 1. orbis, is, m. : Cic. Rep. 
 6, 15 (sidera circulos suos orbesque coii- 
 ficiunt) ■ to tiaveise a greater or kfs o., 
 o. majorem, minorem lusirare. Id. Tim. 
 9: cf. Id. Ac. 2, 20, 66, cursu interiore, 
 brevi eonvertitur orbe (poet.). 2. cir- 
 cuius (less good) cf. supr (1). 3. 
 ambitus, us ; the eight o.s (of tbe pla- 
 netary system), octo ambitus, Cic. rim. 
 ■;, med. :' Pliii. : v. ciRCTJiT. 4. ciirsus, 
 us (an Indefinite expr.) : v. comtSK. (Cf. 
 Supr.X.) Pbr. : these go through their 
 oj uith a contrary motivn, versuntur 
 contrario motu, Cic. Rep. 6, 17: v. to 
 RKVOLVE. (N.B.— Orbita in good au- 
 thors = o 1' hetUtrOA-k.) 
 
 orchard: pomarmm: Cic. Sen. IJ, 
 fin. : Hur. An 0.- house, *pomarium 
 tectum. 
 
 orchestra : I. ^'o" < '/ « theatre .- 
 
 orchestra : Suet. Caes. 59 Vitr. ||, 
 The body of musical pt-ifonners : *sym- 
 phoniaci : v. misician. Sometimes, by 
 meton. =■ the inslrumental music as dis- 
 tinguisbed from the voices: symphonia. 
 V. jiusic. 
 
 orchid : orchis, is, /. : Plin. 26, 10, 
 62. (Natural order, *Orchidac<-ae.) 
 
 ordain : \. 'J'" enact, declare unth 
 aulhoi ily : sancio, statuo, decerno, jubeo, 
 edico.etc.: v. to appoint, DhCREK, enact, 
 ORDER. II. TV) appoint to the clerical 
 office : ordino. i : Conf. Angl. Art. 36. 
 (Suet, has ordinare magistratus, Caes. 
 ■j6.) 
 
 ordeal : judicium Dei ; called also 
 vulgaris purgatio: Blackstone In Cycl. 
 s. V. (Low Lat. ordallum . v. Du Caiige, 
 s. v.) Phr.: togothrnufih Iheo.hyfue, 
 incedere per igne.s, cf Hur. Oil. 2, i, "j : cl. 
 Virg. Aen. 11, ';87. me<liuni fret! pietate 
 per igiiem cultures multa pn-mimu:^ 
 vestigia pruna. (Koi fig. sense the lx'.--t 
 word is perh. disi^rinun : to pafS tlirvuyh 
 such an 0., *in tantimi discrinun vocari, 
 adduci ; tanti dlscnmlnis experimeiitum 
 facere.) 
 
 order (subs.) : |. Disposition, ar- 
 rangement : 1, ordo, Iiiis, m. ("orrfi- 
 vem sic detiniunt, composiliuuem rerum 
 aptis et accommodalis liicis:" Cic. Off. 1, 
 40, 14?) : to reduce things to 0., res in o. 
 redlgere, Auct. Her. j, 9, init. : to ob- 
 serve, adhere to a certain o., o. servare, 
 tenere, Cic. Ph. 5, i j, J5. Esp. in certain 
 adverb, phrr. : in (due) o., ordine, Ter. 
 Ad. ?, 2, 5J: Cic: also, in ordineni to 
 kap accounts iti (regular) o., tabulas In 
 
 0. conficere, Cic. R. Com. 2, extr. : and ex 
 ordine («n due o.. in turn), Cic. Verr. 4. 
 64, 141 : urithout o., nullo ordine, ('\c. 
 (in Kr.); sine ordine, Caes. tin Kr). 
 Join: ordo et dispositio [argumen- 
 torum], Cic. de Or. 2, 4', 179. S< e also 
 4SEAKGF.SIENT. 2. descriptio (lit. 
 arawing or mapping out -. hence, system 
 or order) : Join: descriptio atque ordo, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 9, j6. To arrange in o. : 
 (1). ordino, I : to arrange in o. the parts 
 of a speech, o. partes orationis, Cic. Inv. 
 
 1, 14, 19 : to diaiv up an army in o. of 
 battle, aclem o., .fust. 11, 9, jh«/. : Vlir. 
 J, 14: V. in/)-. (11.). (2). digero, dis- 
 po lo, }: V. to arrange. To thioivout 
 of 0., turbare, disjicere ■ v. disorder. 
 Phr.: the 0. of nature, 'naturae rerum 
 
 conslantia aique onto; mundi sUibilis 
 ordo series(|Ue rerum omnium (cf. ordo 
 seriesque cau>arum, Cic. I'iv. i, 55, 125 
 cunlinuatio seriesque rerum, id. N. l>. 
 j,4, eitr.): v. REGLLARiTY. 1 1. Spe- 
 cially, order of battle : 1. expr. by 
 acies (defined by Veg. as, exerciius in- 
 structus, Mil. }, 14): to form troops in 
 0. of battle, a. uistruere, Caes. B. G. i, 
 2 2 ; ordinare, Veg. 1. c. : Just, (ordinare 
 refers primarily lo tlie disposition of 
 troops ; iiistruere, to tlie preparation 
 for battle): having remarked the I'er- i 
 sian o. of battle, a. Persarum conspecla. 
 Front. 2, }, { : a slanting o. of battle. 
 obliqua a., ib. 2, J, 1. So by exer- 
 citus (in connexion with ordino, in- [ 
 struo) : he led fortli his army in such \ 
 0. that . . . , ita ordinalum produ.\ii 
 exercitum, ib. 2, J, 4 : cl. ib. } i, r>\- 
 mill ratloiie suos ordinavit, iie adopted 
 a 1:01 1 Kf ponding o. of battle. 2. "i- 
 dinaiio (late) tUis kind of 0., hoc 
 genus orilinationis, ib. $ 4. 3. '"- 
 
 siructionis ordo (late): ib. {4: also, 
 inslructura, ib. } 17. Pbr.: to march 
 in good 0., ordiiiaiini ire (opp. to passmi). 
 Brut, in Cic. Fam. 11, ij: to adrance \ 
 out if o., incomptisite veniie, Liv. 25, 
 {7, nled. III. Regularity, iib:-ervonce 
 oj order : Phr.: loubserre moderation 
 undo, in things, rebu> mi'd\Mi quendam 
 et ordmem adhibere, Cic. Off. I, 5, extr. : 
 a lover of o., queui di>po.-ltJi omnia et 
 ordiiiata deleciani, cf. I'lin. Fp. J, I, 2; I 
 coniposilu>ordinatu>que vir,Sen.V. B. 8, 
 J ; qui omnia ordine suo peragere solet, ^ 
 cf. I'lin. Kp. 1. c. ^ 4 : o. is Hecivryi'sjirst 
 lair, * lege atque ordine omnia fiuiiL 
 IV. A diiectiim, mandate: 1. 
 Jussum ; for which in abl. usejussu, by 
 the o. of . . . (so, injussu, without o) : 
 to tieciite o.s, jussa eflBcere, Sail. Jug. 24 : 
 to refuse to obey o.s., j. detrectare, Tac. 
 A. i, 17 : ly your o., vesiro ju>su, Cic. 
 Man. 9, lb. by 0. if the petiple, }U:<-\1 po- 
 pull. Nrp. Timotb. J. 2. niaiidatuni ; 
 lor V, liich in aiil. use mandatu (u chai ge, 
 injunction, commission : whereas jus- 
 sum is art. authoritatiie o.) : to give 
 any one o.s concerning a thing, de aliqua 
 re mandata alicui dare, Cic. Fam. i, 1, 2 : 
 by my o.s, mandatu meo, Cic. Fam. 2, 1 1 : 
 by o. cf the praetor, mandatu piaetoris, 
 Suet. Caes. 7 : v. com.mis.si()N. 3. i"'- 
 pSiatum (a military command) : to obey 
 an 0., i. facere, Caes. B. G. 5, 57 : more 
 ireq.pl., imperata facere, ib. 2, ! : accord- 
 ing lo o.s, ad imperatum, ib. 6, 2. (Abl. 
 imperatii, v. rare : Amm.) 4. inijifir- 
 ium (authority; orders, collectively): 
 to obey o.s, imperio parere, Caes. B. G. 5, 
 2: V. althoritv, commakd. I'br. : to 
 obey o.s, dicto parere, Liv. 9, 41 (loll, 
 both bj' gen. and dat. of person obeyed ; 
 the ijen. depending upon subs, dicto ; 
 the dat. upon verbal phr.) : to carry out 
 OS (to the letter), ad praescriptum agere, 
 Caes. B. C. }, 51 : to gire o.s, imperare, 
 praecipere, mandare, etc. ; v. to Com- 
 mand, INSTRUCT (U.). V. -^ letter or 
 fonnula of instruct ioyis : 1, rescrip- 
 tum (an imperial rescript): Tac. : Ulp. : 
 V. RESCRIPT. 2. lierscriptio (a written 
 assignment of numey) : Cic. Att. 12, 51. 
 So, to gire such o« o., perscribere : o.s 
 were given im the ti easui y, a quaestore 
 peiscribebaniur, Liv. 24, 19 (Lidd. Rom. 
 I. 584). 3. edictum (an authoritative 
 proclamation, or a summary if orders): 
 V. EDICT. VI. Rank, class, boily : 
 
 1, ordo : the seniUorian, equesti ian, 
 0., o. senatorlus, equestris, Cic. jiass. : 
 less freq. of classes not enjoying dignity 
 of position; of the libertine o., libertini 
 o.. Suet. Gr. 18. In mod. Lat. used of 
 various bodies : the o. of the (jarler, 
 *peiiscelidis o. : the o. of the liolden 
 Fleece, *o. velleris aurei : so of the mo- 
 nasiic orders: there wete three o.s of 
 begging J'Yancifcans, Franciscaiioruin 
 mendicantlum triplex o. erat, Kras.Coll. 
 i. 257, n. 2. corpus, collegium : v. 
 corporation. 3. *s6ci6tas (late): 
 of the o. of Jesuits, *e societate .fesu. 
 Phr.: the loiiei- o.s, vulgus ; and In 
 later writers, plebs (v. ixjwkr, 11): 
 belonging by biitli to the equestrian o.. 
 
 equestri loco natus, Cic. Rep. 1.6: thi 
 gives membership of tite equtslrian o, 
 quae equestris nubiiitas est, I ac. Agr. ,f 
 
 VII. In architecture : gfenu^, eris, 
 n. : the designations of Uie t/iiee o.i, 
 trium g. nomiiiationes, Vitr. 4. i, j : the 
 usages of the Ionic o., louicl g moies, 
 ib. 4, prel. Pbr.: to treat of the prin- 
 ciples and usages of the Uonan and 
 Corinthian o.s, de Lorlcis CorinthiLsque 
 institutis et rooribus dicere, ib. pref : 
 so, de lonicis et Corinlhils iii>tiiu- 
 tionlbus, ib. 4, 2, exir.: to explain Hit 
 rules if the Ooric o., iKirlcam rationem 
 explicare, ib. : after the banc o., IXirico 
 more, ib. 4, j, j. Vitr. also uses ilie expr, 
 syinmeiriae (Ooricae, etc.) =. IXirici ge- 
 neris latio : lb. 4, J, extr. : et al. 
 
 VIII. *^"'y P^-' '" P*""" ''"'y ordert : 
 to take OS, ordiiiarl ; -ecuiidum ritus 
 ecclesiae consecrari, ordinari : cf Cont. 
 Angl. An. }6 : concerning (holij) o s. 'de 
 ordine [clerlcorumj, Cont. Wirt. : to be 
 admitted to o.s, *ii. oidinem cleria>rum 
 insiilui : their o.s are »"< thought valid, 
 *episcopi sacerdot'sfiue eorum baud rite 
 consecrari existimanlur. 
 
 order (i') ■ \. '^ arrange : dlspono, 
 ordino, describo, etc.: v. to akkanije, 
 LAI OUT. II, To command: \, 
 
 Jubeo, ssi, ssum. 2 (usu. foil, by cue. and 
 inf.) : he ordered them to anoit hit 
 ari-ival, eos sinmi adventum exspectare 
 jussit, Caes. B. li. 1, 29, et pass.: less 
 freq. with sulj. : with ut, in a pontivt 
 order (Liv. J2, 16. med. ; jussit, ut quae 
 venlsseiil naves Eubo'am peterent), or 
 without conj. at all (JuIjC. mihi deiiuo 
 re>pondeat, I'er. Kun. 4, 4, 24 where 
 there are, in fact, two seniences ; and 
 ne, in a negative one (Hirt. B. G. 8, j2). 
 Also the dat. occurs rarely for ace (1 ac 
 A. I J, I?, Britaiii'ico Jussit, exsurgeret) 
 
 2. iinpero, I (regularly, with dat 
 and ut with subj): v. to command. 
 
 3. edico, xi, ctum, } (to issue a 
 formal order: with subj.): at the be- 
 ginning of spring, I o. you to o/'pear, 
 primo vere, edico, adsilis, Liv. 21, 22. 
 
 orderly (at'j) ■• I. '-yell-arravged: 
 1, ordiiiatus: u-ilh ML men every' 
 thing' quiet and o. is in keeping, senibus 
 placida oninii et ordinata conveiiiunt. 
 riin. Lp. 5, I, 2: an o. (icell-arranged) 
 inlhmary, valetudiiiarium l>e!ie o.. CoL 
 12, t.med. 2. dispoMtus: an o. life, 
 d. viia (hominum), I'lin. Fp. 1. c. :_ in 
 same sense appy., compositus, S<n. V. B. 
 8,3. 3. disiinctus (HiaW,ti/ out. me- 
 thodically' arranged) : Plin. Fp. I. c. $ I 
 (distincta vita, eadem quae mox ai,<!/>o- 
 .nta, quum cuilibet negoliosiium tenipns 
 asslgnaiur, Gil-rig, ad 1.). I'hr. in an 
 o. manner, ordinatini. Brut, inl ic. Fam. 
 II, 1}; composite. Col. 6, », ad mil.: 
 v. ORDER (l.-llL). II. Loving order: 
 disp6situs, ordlnatus; modi ordlnisque 
 studiosus: V. ORDER (111.). III. ^^ell- 
 conducted: mOdeslus: a most exctllent 
 aiid o. section of the common peojie, 
 plebs optima et modestlssima, Cic. Agr. 
 2, Ji, init. 
 
 orderly {s\tbs.) ; perh. slator (a 
 magistrate's attendant): Cic. Fam. 2. 
 19 : or, tessfirarlus (uji ojlica- u-lutS' duti, 
 was togive thepass-n 01 d) : Tac. H. i , 25 
 
 ordinal: ordlnalls, e the 0. nume- 
 rals, o. nomina. Prise, fig. Num. 5, mU. : 
 o. numerl, Krehl., etc. 
 
 ordinance: I. ^" fMctmait: 
 
 1 sciium: esp. an enactment i>J the 
 comn'ims, apart fivm the patiician 
 order, plebis scitum, or, as one w».rd. 
 pleliiscitum where the o.s of other 
 nations are spok.ii i<{. populi scitum is 
 used : e. g. <'/ Athens. Cic. opt. gen. 7 
 19 : Nep. Rarely of other o.s : the o.s of 
 theprmtiff, pontiiicls s.. Liv. i. 20 2. 
 edictum (an authoritative pioclama- 
 tion^: v. EDICT. 3. rescrlptum ^an 
 imperial o, issued in reply to an applx- 
 catum): to api'ial against the o. <;/ the 
 emperor, adversus r. princlpis provocare, 
 
 Ulp. 49. I. ' ■■ J'l'"- •"-?• 4- *'^P''- ^^ 
 .sancio xi, ctum, 4 ( formally to enact 
 or ordain): an o. of the people or com- 
 nnms, quod populus plebesve sanxil, 
 Cic Bal 14, ! ? : the o s of the decemvirs.
 
 ORDINARILY 
 
 ORIGINAL 
 
 ORIGINATE 
 
 tabulae quae bis quinque viri sanxerunt, 
 Hot. Ep. 2, 1, 24. |j. ^ reliuious cere- 
 mony: ritus, * sacramentum : v. bite, 
 
 SACRAMENT. See also CEREMONY. 
 
 ordinarily : I. Commonly . fere, 
 
 pleiumque : v. ustiallt, generally. 
 
 II, In a common degree : medio- 
 
 criter ' not even an 0. good speaker, ne m. 
 
 quidem disertus, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 91. 
 
 ordinary : I. Common, usual : 
 
 1. usitatus : an 0. and quite corn- 
 mem honour, u. honor pervulgatusque, 
 Cic. Ph. 14. 4, II : in an 0. manriei; u. 
 more, id. Verr. 2, 2, J, 9 : it is an o. thing 
 (a yeneial pra^:tice), usitatum est, ib, 5, 
 44,117. 2. qu6tidianus (of everyday 
 use) : 0. (familiar) language. f\. verba, 
 Cic. Fatn. 9, 21. 3. translaticius or 
 tralaticius {pi-eserved by transmission 
 or custom) : to speak in the 0. manner, 
 loqui more tr , I'haedr. 5, 8, 24 : an 0. 
 fuwral, funus tr.. Suet. Ner. }}: it is 
 the o. procedure (nothing novel), transla- 
 ticium est, Cic Fam. j, 9. ad med. : Gell. 
 
 II, Not exceeding mediocrity : 1. 
 mediocris, e : no 0. man, non m. vir, 
 Cic. Rep. 3, 11 ; non m. homo, Ter. Ad. 
 5, 9, 9 : to use no o. diligence, non m. 
 diligenliam adhibere, Caes. B 6. j, 20. 
 
 2. vulgaris, e : v. common. 3. 
 quotidianus (rare in this sense) : no 0. 
 linen (dress), sindon non q., Mart. 11, 
 I, 2. Phr. : an o. person, unus e (de) 
 multis, Cic. Fin. 2, 2o, fin. : OtT. i, ^o, 
 109: Ov. 
 
 ordination: i- e. to clerical office, 
 ordinalio : Conf. Angl. Art. 36 : Forcell. 
 See also to ordain (II.). 
 
 ordnance : tormenta, orum : v. ar- 
 tillery. 
 
 ordure : stercus, Sletum (= stercus 
 humanum, Fest. s. v.) : v. dung. To 
 defile with o., concaco, i : Phaedr. 4, 
 18. II. 
 
 ore : aes, aerls, n. : " significat autem 
 aes omne metallum (praeter aurum et 
 argentum) quod rude effoditur (Erz), 
 praecipue tamen cuprum," Forcell. s. v. 
 Iron, gold, silver o., *ferruni, aurum, 
 argentum rude. 
 oread: Sreas, adis,/. ; Virg. : Ov. 
 organ : !• •''"!/ instrument : the 
 eye is tlie o. of sight, *oculis res ex- 
 temas cernimus : to lack any 0. (bodily), 
 *aliqua parte corporis mancum esse : 
 the o.s of generation, genitalia, ium ; 
 naturalia; also, natura: v. genitals. 
 II. The musical instrument : or- 
 ganum : Cass, in Forcell. ; " organum est 
 quasi turris quaedam diversis fistulis 
 fabricata, quibus flatu folliuin vox 
 copiosissinia destinatur :" Expos, in 
 Ps. cl. : Aug. 
 
 organic : * organlcus : in this sense, 
 necessary as scient. t. t. (strictly, orga- 
 iiicus = mechanical, mechanically con- 
 trived). 0. substances, *quae res ani- 
 mantium nascentiumve natura constant : 
 an 0. defect, "ipsius rel naturae vitium. 
 
 organically : P h r. : a constitution 
 o. defective, * corpus in quo vitiosum 
 aliquid natura est. 
 
 organism : compages, is, /. (that 
 which is fastenediavd framed together) : 
 these bodily o.s, hae c. corporis, Cic. Sen. 
 21, 77 : this o. (body politic) has groivn 
 up together, haec c coaluit, Tac. H. 4, 
 74, fin. Phr.: creatures, iinth a mar- 
 vellously subtle 0., immensae subtilitatis 
 animalia, Plin. 11, init.: creaturrs, with 
 a rery simi>le 0., "corpora quorum panes 
 admodum simplici ratione inter se co- 
 haerent. 
 organist : *organiccn, inis (.=). 
 organization: \. The act of or- 
 ganizing or arranging : 1. ordlnatio 
 (orderly arrangement) : cf. Veil. 2, 124, 
 ordinatio comitiorum quam raanu sua 
 scriptam D. Augustus reliquerat, i. e. 
 his fresh o. of the comitia : so, expr. by 
 ordo, ordino: he established the follow- 
 ing 0. of the people by cla.sses and cen- 
 turies, according to property, classes 
 centuriasque et hunc ordinem ex censu 
 descripsit, Liv. i, 42, extr.: *populum 
 per classes centuriasque ordinavit atque 
 descripsit. 2. descriptio (a/itonwir'^ 
 or laying out) : the o. of centuries and 
 ';24 
 
 classes, A. centuriarum classiunique, Liv. 
 4, 4 : id. 1,4}, extr. 3. tempgratio (the 
 right adjusting of different elements) : 
 the principles and o.ofa state, disciplina 
 ac t. civitatis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, i : cf. Liv. 
 9, 46, extr., ordinum temperatio (adjust- 
 ment of the relations betueen the patri- 
 cians and plebeians). (Or expr. by de- 
 scribo, tempero : v. to okganize.) ||. 
 An organized fi-ame : v. organism. 
 
 organize : 1. ordino, i : v. to 
 arrange. 2. describo, psi, ptum, ; (to 
 lay out, plan, aiTange systematically) : 
 lie o.d the finance on I'ompey's plan, 
 pecuniam ad Pompeii rationem de- 
 scripsit, Cic. FI. 14, n ■■ Liv. (cf. preced. 
 art. 1). 3. tempgro, i (to adjust duly) : 
 to found and 0. states, civiiates con- 
 stiiuere atque t., Cic. Ac. 2, i, J more 
 fully, lempublicam institutis et legibus 
 t., id. Tusc. I, I, 2. 
 
 orgies : |. Lit., religious obser- 
 vances in' honour of Bacchus- orgia, 
 orum : Virg. Aen. 4. joj. The o. of 
 Bcuxhus, Bacchanalia, ium and iorum : 
 Liv. 39, 8 ; Juv. Also, as gen. term, 
 sacra, orum : the high-priest of the 
 nightly 0., nocturnorumantistes s., Liv. 
 I. c. II, Revelry : comissatio : Cic. : 
 Suet. : V. revelry. 
 
 oriel : «« o. window, perh. maeniani 
 fenestra (forming, as it does, a sort of 
 balcony): v. balcony. 
 
 orient : Orlens, ntis : v. east, 
 eastern. 
 
 oriental : 1. expr. by Oriens, ntis 
 (subs.) : o. customs, *Orientis gentium 
 mores, instituta, leges : an old o. super- 
 stition, vetus et constans Orientis gen- 
 tium opinio, cf. Suet. Vesp. 4. 2, 
 Asiaticus s. Asianus; a term used to 
 denote tlie Asiatic or oriental style of 
 oratory: Cic. Br. IJ, 51 (Asiatic! ora- 
 tores): Quint. 12, 10, 16 (Asiani sc. 
 oratores). An 0. richness and exu- 
 beranre of style, * eftioresoens redund- 
 ansque orationis genus, quale Asiaiio- 
 rum (qui dicuntur) solet esse : of. Cic. 
 de Or I, 6, 20. 
 
 orifice : fSramen, inis, n. ; Hor. A. P. 
 20} (nf the imnd-holes of a flute) : os, 
 oris, n. (of the nature of a mouth) : v. 
 
 HOLE, MOL'TH. 
 
 origin : 1. Sngo, inis, /. (gen. 
 term) : the o. (rise) of all things, o. 
 rerum, Cic. Tim. j : to derive o. from 
 any one, ab aliquo (auclore) o. ducere, 
 Hor. Od. J, 17, 5 : also. o. deducere, 
 trahere. Plin. 2 principium (tlic be- 
 ginning or first prrinciple of anything : 
 whereas origo is simply the first rise or 
 coming into being of anything ■ cf Cic. 
 Kep. 6, 25, principio nulla est orlgo) : 
 tlw. source and o. of motion, fons, pr. 
 movendi. Cic. Bep. 6, 25 : to trace the 
 o.s q/' tilings to the gods, principia rerum 
 a diis ducere, id. Vat. 6, i7iit.: v. begin- 
 ning. 3. ortus, lis (= origo: but less 
 freq.) : to call to mind the earliest o. of 
 anything, alicujus rei primum o. re- 
 cordari, Cic. Leg. j, 8,./i». ; Ov. See also 
 soi'RCK. Phr.: (the Helgae) of German 
 I)., orti a Gemianis. Caes. B. G. 2, 4 : of 
 mean o. (no family). nuUis msyoribus 
 ortus, Hor. S. i. 6, 10 : in plain prose, 
 loco obscuro tenuique fortuna ortuj, 
 Liv. 26, 6, fin. : a remoter o. is denoted 
 by oriundus : born at Carthage, but of 
 Sijracusan o. (extraction), natus Car- 
 thagine sed oriundus ab Syracusis, Liv. 
 24, 6, init. See also descent, family, 
 
 STOf;K. 
 
 original (adj.) .- |. Primary : 
 
 1. primigenius (first produced, pri- 
 mitive) : nature gave (man) the o. seeds, 
 p. semina dedit natura, Varr. R. R. i, 40, 
 ad init. : o. words, p. verba, Varr. L. L. 
 6. 5, 36. 2. principalis, primitivus : v. 
 primitive. 3. antiquus : those are the 
 real, 0. names, ea vera et a. nomina, 
 Tac. G. 2 : to restore a thing to its o. 
 condition, aliquid in antiquum redigere, 
 cf. Liv. 33, 40, fin. 4. pristinus 
 
 (former): the 0. (heretofore) practice 
 of the courts, p. mos Judiciorum, Cic. Mil. 
 init.: v. former. Phr.: the o. inha- 
 bitants of Africa tveie the Gcu:tulians, 
 
 Africam initio habuere Gaetuli, Sail. Ju& 
 18, init.: so, Britanniam qui mortales 
 initio coluerint, Tac. Agr. 1 1 , init. Some- 
 times primus will serve : v. first. 
 (N.B.— Avoid orlginalis.) ||, Native; 
 not acquired; Phr. 0. powers, ingg- 
 nium : to have greater o. poicer Vian 
 cultivation, plus iiigenio quam arte 
 valere. Quint, i, 3, 8: Cic: so gome- 
 times indoles: v. genius. |||. Not 
 borrowed; in literary sense: Phr.: 
 a history of Rome from 0. sources, *his- 
 toria Roniana, ab ipsis veterum scrip- 
 torum fontibus petita : he read an o. 
 poem, *versus a se ipso scriptos re- 
 citavit : the figure in Virgil is not o., 
 *translatlo Virgiliana baud propria est 
 sua; ab alio earn est mutuaiua. See also 
 ORIGINAL, subs. (L). |V. Peculiar, 
 unique : Phr.: he is a very o. writer, 
 *scribendi genere plane proprio suo 
 utitur ; miiiime aliorum exemplorum 
 imitator est ; totus ipse est suns : cf. 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 17, quod .quidem facerem 
 [i. e. imitarer eum] nisi plane esse 
 vellem meus, i. e. to be altogether o. 
 (Kr.). V. Theol. term- Phr.: o. 
 sin, peccatum originis : Conf. August, et 
 Angl. : also, peccatum originale, Conf 
 Helv. 
 
 original (subs^) : \, A work from 
 which others are copied : 1, arche- 
 typum : to fall short of the o., ab a. labi 
 atque decidere, Phn. Ep. 5, 10: Macr. 
 Sat. 5, 13, meA. Also the adj. form may 
 be used : to have no pictures that are not 
 O.S., tabula s omnes archetypas habere, 
 cf Mart. 12, 16: that ivhich icas the o. 
 V hence the rest ivere derived, id exem- 
 plar ceterorum archetypon, Lact. pref 
 Lucr. 2. exemplar, aris,n.; exempluni 
 (a pattern for imitation) : v. model, 
 pattern. 3. ex pr. by auctor (tlie pro- 
 ducer of an original icoik) : (passages) 
 in which ( Virgil) is weaker than the o., 
 in quibus est gracilior auctore, Macr. 
 Sat. 5, 13, init. Phr.: in these lines 
 Virgil has surpassed the o., in his ver- 
 sibus Maroexstitit Incupletiorinterpres, 
 ib. 5, II, ad med. : to compare the trans- 
 latum with the o., •inlerpretationem cum 
 ipsius scripioris verbis contendere. ||, 
 A peculiar character: *qui suum sequl- 
 tur ingenium et morem nee ad alioruta 
 exemplum (institutum) se componit 
 (Kr.) ; qui totus suus est, cf. original, 
 a(y. (IV.). Ill, First cav.se : auctor : 
 
 V. AHTHOR. 
 
 originality: *proprietas quaedam 
 ingenii : v. peculiarity. (Kr. gives, 
 forma quaidam ingenii, from Cic. Br. 
 8;, 294, but the sense there is, an out- 
 line, as it were, of genius; i. e. urv- 
 formed, ttncultivated.) See original, 
 adj. (III. IV.). 
 
 originally: I. Primarily: 1. 
 primum : V. first (adv.). 2. initio : 
 what people 0. inhabited Britain, qui 
 mortales initio coluerint Britanniam, 
 Tac. Agr. 1 1 : Sail. So principio (in the 
 beginning, at starting): Cic. Off. i, 4 
 init. II, In an original manner: 
 P h r. : he ivrites nriginally, * genere 
 scribendi novo ac plane suo utitur 
 niinime aliorum exempli imitator est 
 V. original (IV.). 
 
 originate: |, Trans.: Phr.: 
 or whether all things were o.d by the gods, 
 an a diis a"- principio omnia facta et con- 
 stltuta sint, Cic. N. IX i, i, 2 : to o. a free 
 state, prima initia incboare libertatis, 
 Liv. 3, 54, med. : that which o.s motion 
 in anything, quod motum affert alicui 
 rei. Cic. Rep. 6, 25 : v. to begin. ||. 
 1 11 trans. : 1, orior, ortus, 3 and 4: 
 it is in the first principle that all things 
 0., ex principio oriuntur omnia, Cic. Rep. 
 1. c. : this (mischief) o.d in you, hoc 
 abs te est ortum, Ter. Andr. 3, 2, 9. 
 2. expr. by principium, initlum, and 
 a verb: the movement of other thiTigs 
 o.s here, ceteris (rebus) hoc principium 
 est movendi, Cic. Hep. 1. c. : o war u.ing 
 in famine, helium quod a fame initium 
 ducit, id. Att. 9, 9. med. : whence aU 
 things o.d, quae sint initia rerum, ex 
 quibus nascuiitur omnia, id. Div. 2, i, 
 1 1 : (the fire) u.d in a part of the circui.
 
 ORIGINATION 
 
 OSTENSIBLT 
 
 OTH EB 
 
 initium (Incendii) in parte circl ortum, 
 Tac. A. 15, j8. 3. pr6ficiscor, fectus, 
 } ((o start from) : tlie sinews which (like 
 Vie veins and arteries) o. in Uie heart, 
 nervi qui sicut venae et arteriae a cotxle 
 (tracli et) prolecti, Cic. N. L). 2, 55, exlr. .- 
 80 of 6ects o.ing in a certain master, id. 
 Div. I, }, 5. 4. emano, i : v. to tko- 
 CEED FROM. See also to bkgin, spring. 
 origination : iniiium, principium : 
 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 originator : anctor : v. author. 
 oriole; lieih.chlOrion.onis, m..- Plin. 
 <*Onola Galbula, l.iiin.) 
 
 orisons: i>rtii's, nm,/. .- v. praykr. 
 
 ornament (subs.) .■ l, ornamen- 
 tum (including also, necessary equip- 
 ments, aixoutrements) : a (citi))whicli if: a 
 safeguard and 0. to a state, quae praesi- 
 dio et o. est civiiati, Caes. B. G. 7, 15: oj 
 0/ style, ornamcnta dicendi, Cic. Br. "jj, 
 261 : (a man who is) among the greatest 
 0.S 0/ his age, inter praccipiia saeculi o., 
 Plin. Ep. 8, 12, I. In last usi-, Join: 
 decus atqiie ornamentura ; lumen atque 
 o., Cic. 2. orniitus, us (like preced., 
 but collective) : all shmry o., as u/ptarls, 
 omnis insignis o., quasi lu.irguriiaruni, 
 Cic. Or. 2}, 78 : to oM. much u. to style, 
 magnum afferre o. oratioiii, Cic. Or. jg, 
 I {4. 3. dicui, 6ris, n. (that whO:h sets 
 off to advantage, graces, adirrns : in lit. 
 sense, esp. poet.) : bright o. of the sky 
 (the moon), lucidurti cueli d., Hor. Cur. 
 ijaec. 2 : (columns) Uifty 0. of stages yet 
 to be, scenis d. alta luturis, Virg. Aen. i, 
 429 : V. PRIDE (11.). Join: decuraatque 
 omamenta [favorumj, Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 
 97 : see also (1). 4. liinien, inis, 11. 
 (the light and glory of anything): cf. 
 Cic. Br. 15, 59, ut homiiiis decus in- 
 geniuin, sic iiigenii ipsius lumen est 
 eloquentla (where lumen is a heightened 
 8yn. tor decus) ; the o.s, and, in a manner, 
 the insignia (trappings, decorative fur- 
 niture) (f apeech, orationis I. et quodam 
 inodo insignia, id. Or. jg, IJ5. 5. 
 cultus, lis (adornnieiil) : I'ac. Dial. 26 
 (of style). P h r. : fahe, meretricious o., 
 lenocinia, orum ; witetlier oj the person 
 (corporis), Cic. .\. I). 2, 58, 146 : or, esp. 
 of style: Quint. 8. prouem, ^ 26 (qui non 
 omamenta quaerimus sed lenwiriia) : 
 in sim. sense, liicus (lit. paint, f'/r the 
 cheeks): cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 4;, 188: 
 <^uint. : and, calamistri, oruin ;lit. curl- 
 i7ig-irnns) : of thegaudy o.s of Maecenas, 
 Tac. Dial. 26, init. : Cic. 
 
 ornament iy-) •• orno, exomo (both 
 also, to equip) ; d6c5ro, distinguo : v. 
 
 TO ADORN. 
 
 ornamental: quod ornamento, de- 
 cori est : cf. L. G. $ 297. 
 
 ornamentally: Phr. : to write o., 
 •cum multis orationis ornanientis, lu- 
 minibus, eu-., scribere. 
 
 ornamenting (s«bs.):ornatio(rare): 
 Vitr. (Kxpr. by verb.) 
 
 ornate : 1. omatus (in good sense ; 
 marked by all the grace and fin ish jiroper 
 to eloquence) : cl. Cic. de Or. i, 12, init., 
 composita oratio et omata, et artiticio 
 quodam et expolllione distincta. Very so, 
 
 Serornatus, id. Br. 45, 158. 2. pi"tu8 ; 
 oi n : (orationis genus) pictura et ex- 
 politimi, id. Or. 27, ./i«. Phr.: an over 
 o. style, •genus orationis lenociniismagis 
 quam ornanientis distinctum : cf. Quint. 
 8, prooe'i. (} 26 : a gay, 0. style of diction, 
 nitidiun quoddara genus verborum et 
 laetum, Cic. de Or. i, 18, 81 : he was the 
 first to essay more 0. passages, primus 
 locos laetiores adtentavit, Tac. Dial. 22. 
 ornately : ornate (cf. preced. art.) ; 
 Cic. Join: ornatissime et copiosissime, 
 id. Br. 5, extr. Comp. preced. artt. 
 
 ornithological : * ornithsiogicus 
 
 (only a:? scient. t. t.). Usu. expr. by 
 aves : to pursue o. studies, *de avium 
 genere, nalura, proprietatibus quaerere. 
 
 ornithologist : * ornith616gicus : 
 after anal, ot geographicus, etc. Or by 
 clrcuml. : qui avium naturae peritus est. 
 
 ornithology : * res oniitliOlogica 
 (only as scient t. (.). Usu. better expr. by 
 aves: •generij a^"ui" naturae scientia. 
 
 orphan C*"''*'-) • orOns,./. -a (strictly 
 adj.) : excepting male and female o.s. 
 
 praeter orbos et orbas, Liv. j, }, Jin. : 
 Ter. : Quint. 
 orphan (odj.) .- orbus : Cic : Liv. : 
 
 v. preced. art. 
 
 orphanage, orphanhood : orbitas: 
 
 Cic. de Or. I, 5J, 228. 
 
 orphan-asylum: orpbanotrSphium : 
 Cod. .lu.^t. I, 2, 17. 
 
 orrery: perh. * planetarium (the 
 German term): or by circuml., * soils 
 planetarumque subtiliter descnpta ima- 
 go, quemadmodum se orbibus circu- 
 lisque suis moventur. (K. and A. give, 
 sphaera in qua solis et lunae reliqua- 
 rumque stellarum motus insunt: with 
 ref. to Cic. Kep. i, 14, sphaera astris 
 coelo inbaereniibus descrlpla, which 
 expr. denotes a sort of miniature coeles- 
 tial globe.) 
 
 orthodox : orthOdoxus : the o. reli- 
 gion, o. religio,Cod. JiLst. 1,2, I2: Auct. 
 inHier.: M. L. (Or by circuml. : 0. tioc- 
 trine, •do<:trina quae verae lidei Chris- 
 tianae congruit : to be o. in doctrine, 
 *doctrinani rectam antiquamque tenere.) 
 
 orthodoxy : *doctrHia, tides, rellgio 
 orilioiloxa; turnnila s. doctrina vera, 
 aniiqua, ab ecclesia recepta. Phr.: a 
 zealous champion of o., *acer religionis 
 formularum a patribus proditarum de- 
 fensor, propugnator. (Orthodoxia occurs 
 in late L;it., but is inelegant and unne- 
 cessary.) 
 
 orthographical : orthogr&phus : Ca- 
 
 pel. As gram. t. t., better "orthogra- 
 phicus, after anal, of geographicus, etc. 
 (Or expr. by [rectej scribere : cf. foil, 
 art. to preserve the minutest o. pecu- 
 /iaW<ie,>t,*scribendi rationemvel minimis 
 in rebus conservare: cf. foil, art.) 
 
 orthography : 1. ortUographia : 
 Suet. Aug. 88 (orthographia, id est, for- 
 mula ratloque scribendi a grammaticis 
 instituta) : Quint. : M. L. 2. when 
 = mode of spelling, scriptUra : J liaee 
 acquiesced in that 0., ego in illaacquievi 
 s., Ian. pref. Plin. p;ige v. Or expr by 
 scribo: cf supr. (1). 
 
 ortolan : avis miliaria : Varr. K. P>. 
 ;, 5, init. 
 
 oscillate : expr. by inclino, i (act. 
 and neut.) : the x-essel o.s rapidly, *celeri 
 agitaiione navis ultro citroque (se) in- 
 clinat, inclinatur : tlie needle o.s bttaeen 
 these points, *inter hacc duo puncta acus 
 ultro citroque se inclinando agitatur. 
 (X.B. — Xot osclllo ; which is to suing 
 on a rope.) For fig. sense, v. to hesi- 
 
 TATK, KLUCTUATE. 
 
 oscillation : incUnatio, agitatio. Or 
 expr. by verb : tliey remained in the 
 middle of the vessel where the 0. is least, 
 *in media parte remanserunt, quippe 
 ubi minime navis se.*e inclinando agiia- 
 reiur : v. preced. art. (Oscillatio = 
 swinging on a rope : cf. Petr. 140.) 
 
 osier (subs.) .- vlmen, Inis. n. : to 
 veave out of o.s, viminibus contexere, 
 Caes. B. C. I, 54 : the sing, is also used 
 collect., esp. poet. : e. g. vimine texere. 
 Col. 10, J04. A bed of o.s, viminetum : 
 Varr. L. L. 5, 8, 16. 
 
 osier (<k'J.) • 1- vlmlneus : v. 
 wiiKicK, 2. \im\na\is (pel taining to 
 o.s) : the o. v-illow, sahx v., CoL 4, jo. 
 
 OSprey : ossifr&gus (also -a) : Pliu. : 
 Lucr. 
 
 osseous : * ossis naturam habens ; 
 ossea natura. Minute 0. particles, *ossis 
 minutae subtilesque partlculae : for 
 which Lucr. has, minut;i atque pauxilla 
 ossa, I, 8J5. Osseus =^ made of bone, 
 bony. 
 
 ossification ; expr. by Os with a 
 verb : in 0. of the heart, 'quando cor in 
 OS abit ; in osseam naturam mutatur. 
 
 ossify : *in i^s abire, nmtari ; osseam 
 naturam sumere, induere. 
 
 ostensible : expr. by spCcies : esp. 
 in alil. .specie ; or with per: v. foil. art. 
 
 ostensibly : 1. specie, per spe- 
 ciem : cf Cic. Am. 1 ;, 47, where specie 
 is opp. tu reapse ; and Liv. 55, ji, where 
 it is opp. to re vera (ostensibly . . . but 
 in reality) : so, per speciem, with gen. 
 of ger. (ost' nsibly for the purpose of), 
 Liv. 59, j;, med. 2. simulatione, per 
 eimulatiouem (with geii. depending oil 
 
 It): gladiatms hired o. for Faiutut 
 gladiatures empti Kaiisti simulaiione, 
 Cic .Sull. 19. 54 : Caes. 
 
 ostensive : v. ostensible. 
 
 ostentation: 1. osteniatio: todo 
 ani/lhiny out of o., aliquid ostentationU 
 causa facere, Caes. B. C. j, 71, fin.: 
 empty o., iuanis o., Cic. Off. 2, 12, 4J : 
 V. )<i»pi.Ay. 2. jaclalio (braggart lan- 
 guage or display) : out of o. of learning. 
 aijactationem eruditionis. Quint. 1,5, 11 : 
 Cic. In same sense, jactanila: lac: 
 Quint. 3. vvuii\la.Utj( puffin g,blaconing 
 abroad) : to do anything without «., sine 
 V. [et sine populo te*>te] aliquid lacere, 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 64. Join: venditaiio 
 atque osientatio. Id. Am 2}, 86. 4. 
 amtjitio (late in precisely this sense)". 
 no o. about (their) funeralt, funerum 
 nulla a., Tac. G. 27, init. 5. pompa 
 (also late in this sense) : Sen. Ben. 2. 1 1 
 Ulp. Dig. 
 
 ostentatious : 1. strictly, of per. 
 sons only, o.vientator, /. -irix (cf. L. G. 
 } 598) : an o. )~ich man, 0. pecuniae (at. 
 pecuniosus), Auct. Her. 4, 50, init. : so, 
 o. factorum, Liv. 1, 10, mtd. Fig., of 
 a mental quality : an o. continence, 
 [superba etj velutl sui ostenlalrlx con- 
 tiiientia, Macr. Sat. 7, 4, init. 2. Rlo- 
 rlosus (boastful, vain-glorious) : Cic. : 
 Su«t. 3. jactaiis (bragging, boastful) : 
 Hor.: Plin. min. In .^anie sense, jac- 
 lator: Quint. 4. ambltiosus (showy, 
 characterised by display or love of it): 
 late In this sense : an o. death, a. mors, 
 Tac. Agr. 42, extr. : to pref n what is use. 
 ful to what is o., ambiti.j.sis ulUia prae 
 ferre. Quint. I, 2, 27. Phr.: Ifearii 
 will lojk like o., *vereor ne specltm 
 venditationis ostentationisque speciem 
 ferat : or perh. vereor ne putidum sit . 
 cf. Cic. Att. I, 14, init. : or expr. by 
 se ostentare, venditare : v. to boa!>t 
 
 DISPLAY. 
 
 ostentatiously : 1. gioriose : Cic. : 
 
 V. WiASTFDLLT. 2. amblliosc : o. 
 
 ^lare, a. tristis. Mart, i, ad lect. : Tac. 
 Agr. 28, extr. 3. jactanter : to mourn 
 o.firr any one, aliquem j. moerere, Tac 
 A. 2, 77, extr. (Or by circuml., to do 
 anything too o., *aliquid nimia cum ven- 
 ditatione sui lacere : v. ostentation.) 
 
 osteutatiousness ; ^^ ostentation. 
 
 osteology : expr. by de o.ssibus. 
 
 ostler : agaso, Squlso, stabularlus : 
 V. (.room. 
 
 ostracise : P h r. : A< was o.d, tes- 
 tularuni suffrages e civiiate ejectua 
 (est), Nep. Them. 8: cf. id. ArisL i, 
 testula ilia exsilio decem annonmi 
 niultatus est. 
 
 ostracism : * ostracismus : written 
 as Gk. by Xep. Citn. j, testarum suf- 
 fragia, quod ilii ocrTpaKitrtiov vixant 
 (ai.edd l.Kitine scribuntV Orbymeton., 
 testa, testula, testalarum suffragia; v. 
 to ostracise. 
 
 ostrich : striithiCcamelus (Struthio 
 Camelus, Linn.) : Plin. lo, init. l^ier. 
 simply struthio, onis, m. : Auctt. Hist. 
 Aug Of an o., ostrich's, struthio- 
 camelinus : Plin. 
 
 other: I. ^ot the same as before 
 meiHioned ; 1, &lius, a, ud : usu. pre- 
 ceded by another alius : 4"onie (co/wrtt) 
 my brother Quintus, o.s C. I'omptiniu* 
 commanded, aliis Q. Frater, all is C. 
 
 Pomptinius praeerant, Cic. Fam. 
 
 t5, 4, med. : et pass. I'ossess. adj., 
 alignus, of OS, belonging to o.s : v. loll, 
 art. For the recurrence of alius in a 
 diff. case after a preceding alius, v. 
 ANOTHER (1). 2. alter, t^ra, irum 
 
 (when two persons or things only are 
 sjwken of) : with another alter = the 
 one .... the other ; the one lost an 
 army, the o. sold one, alter exerciium 
 perdidit, a. vendidii, Cic. The pi. is 
 used when a different class or party 
 is meant: the one class fight, the o. 
 fear the victor, alien dimicant. a. vlc- 
 torera timent, Cic. Fam. 6, 2, fin. 3. 
 partim, pars: after either an antece- 
 dent pars, partim ; or after alil : of 
 beasts some lite on land, others in the 
 water, t>\stiarum terrenae sunt aliae 
 partim aquatUes, Cic N. D. !, {^, toj 
 5JS
 
 OTHERS 
 
 OUT OF 
 
 O DT F I T 
 
 we also find (less freq.) partim . . . alii : 
 Sail. J. 21, seniisomnos partim, alios 
 amia sunn-ntes tupant. The form partim 
 is in this constr. preferred by Cic. : lor 
 pars . . . pars, see Liv. 22, 8 : etc 4. 
 ceter. 6ra, 6rum (all but uhat has been 
 mentioned) : the o. part (of the body). 
 c. pars, Virg. Aen. 2, 20-; much more 
 friq. in pi. ceteri = tAe rest, i. q. re- 
 liqui: v. rest (the). ||. To denote 
 the remoter of tuo objecta; when the 
 one ... the other, are opposed : ille. a. 
 ud V. oNK(V.). Strengthened by alter; 
 the (son) he left at home, ilium re- 
 liqiiit alterum domi, PI. Men. prol 28. 
 III. Different from: 1. alius; in 
 this sense, loll, by atque (ac). quam, 
 praeter; rarelv by abl. (!>. G. $ 6jo) : 
 do i/tiu think me now 0. than /was be- 
 fore ? a. esse censes nunc me atque 
 olim ? Ter. Andr ;, 3, i? Cic: they 
 had elected, one 0. than himself, a. quam 
 se cooptaveranl, Suet. Ner. 2 they had 
 no n. ireapons besides swoids, nee tela a. 
 habebant praeter gladios, Liv. ;8, 21 : 
 no o. than the nise man, (non) alius 
 sapiente .... Hor. Kp. i. 16. 20: Brut, 
 in Cic. : V. else. 2. diversus ; v. dif- 
 ferent, OPPOSITE. 
 
 Others, belonging to : alifnus : to 
 attend to o. people's afairs, aliena curare, 
 Ter. Heaut. 1, i, 24; Sail : Cic. (pass.). 
 
 Otherwise: I. DifTerently ■. 1. 
 aiiter: to think n., a. sentire, Cic. Fani. 
 }, ■; ; foil, by atque (ac), quam: 0. than 
 we could iiish, a. ac vellemus, id Mil. 9. 
 2J ■ a. . . . quam, id. Kab. Post. T i, 29. 
 
 2. expr. by modal abl., alia ratione, 
 alio modo. pacio; v. way, manner. 
 
 3. secus: a little xvhile ago ynu 
 thought o., pau lo ante s. tibi videbatur, 
 Cic. Rep. I, 17 : nhereas the case is 
 quite 0., quod loiige s. est, id. Am. 9, 2t. 
 Esp. in bad sense, o. than is liyhl or 
 desirable: cf.Cic. Fin. ?, ij, exir., nobis 
 alitcT videtur ; recte secusne postea 
 (=rightlyor urongly) : more expressly, 
 «. quam volumus quamque oportet, id 
 Att. 6, 2, t"i(. 4. contra: v. reverse 
 (the). ( Alias in this sense, late and rare.) 
 
 II Hypothetically, ».:( the contrary 
 supposition: \, alioqiii, -quin: I think 
 you have not y^t ((tone so) ; 0. you would 
 have told me. puto nondum : alioqui 
 narrasses mihi, Plin. Ep. 8, 8, init. : 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 62 (credo .... fuis>e ; 
 alioquin ....). (N.B. Not ceteroquin 
 in this use.) 2. si non ; sin minus : 
 V. IF (2). Ill, In other resiiects : 
 
 1. cetera (neut. ace. pi., used ad- 
 verb.) : a man o. admirable, vir c. 
 egregius, Liv. i, 35, med. : Hor. Ep. i, 
 10, extr. : Suet. (.'Vppy. not so in Cic.) 
 2, ceteioqui, -quin (in all other 
 refpects : infreq.) : 0. the place is not dis- 
 pleasing to me, c. mihi locus non dis- 
 plicet, Cic Fam. 6, 19. 3. alioqui, 
 •quin (rare in Cic, and not in present 
 eense : v. supr. i 1 .) a character marred 
 by a feu' faults, 0. good, paucis mendosa 
 natura, a. recta, Hor. S. I, 6, 65 : Liv.: 
 Plin. min. 
 
 Otter : lu*™ or lytra ; Plin. (L. vul- 
 garis, hesm.) 
 
 Ottoman (ad;-) •■ *Othmanicus. 
 Ottoman; I. a Turk: »Turca. 
 II. A kind of couch: *lectus Otho- 
 manicus qui dicitur. 
 
 OUeht ('•-) -■ 1. debeo, 2 (denoting 
 obligation, in the most general way): 
 Cic. : Caes ( pass.). 2 Oportet, uit. 2 
 (of moral obligation : with Eng. subject 
 in ace, foil, by injin.) : those who o.tohave 
 bi-en put to (A« s^ord, quos ferro truci- 
 dari oportebat, Cic. Cat. I, 4. 9 : you o. 
 to have humoured the i/oung man, ado- 
 lescenti gestuni (luisse) morem oportuit, 
 Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 6. Less freq. is subj. after 
 oporiel, WITHOUT conj. : cf. Cic de Or. 
 
 1, 6, 20, ex rerum coimitione efflorescat 
 et redundet oratio oponet: Hor. Ep. i, 
 
 2, 49. N.B. — (1). Ought to have .... is 
 regularly expr. by perf. of debeo or 
 oportet, loll. Iiy i'mperf infin., as pe- 
 cunia quam his oportuit dari (not dalam 
 esse), the viotiey which 0. tn have been 
 given. The u.-e of the perf. infin. in 
 8Ucb cases refers to the completion of the 
 
 526 
 
 ctc< referred to rather than thedoine of it; 
 cf Cic. Cat. I, 2, 6, hoc quod jam pridem 
 factum esse oporniit, viLich o. to hare 
 been done out of hand long since. (2). 
 The use of the past imperf. indir., 
 debebam, oportebat. Is often conditional, 
 indicating that something 0. to have been 
 done viiich has not been (tojie(^Gr 
 exprtv) •■ cf. L. G. $ 428, Vbs. 3. (^xpr. 
 by yerund. part. : v. must (2). 4. 
 sometimes, decet, 2 ; v. iihxoMF.s (it). 
 (N.B.— Ought not may be expr. by non 
 licet, nefasest: v. lawful, unlawful.) 
 ought (!>'■<'"-)• iiiorecoiTecily, aup'Ai: 
 after si, ne. num, etc., quid: stronger 
 form, quippiam ; and when the sense is 
 anything whatever, quiiquam: v. any, 
 ounce : I. The weight : uncia : 
 
 PI Men. J J, 3 (uncia pondo) : Plin. 
 Oimin., unciola (a paltry 0. or twelfth) ■ 
 Juv. I, 40 iVeiyhing an o., uncialis. e; 
 a.'^ses neighing (only) an 0., asses un- 
 ciales, Plin. 3 3. J. I3V^4?; half an 0., 
 seniuncia, Liv. 34, i; Varr.: weighing 
 half an 0., semuncialis: Plin. I. c. : tuo, 
 three o.s, etc., sextans, quadrans, etc. 
 L. G. ^ 929. II. Tfie quadruped: 
 
 ♦felis uncia (Cycl.). 
 
 our, Otirs : 1. noster, tra trum : 
 pass. O. friend Lucilius, n. Lucilius 
 (or in reverse order), Cic. Fin. i, j, "]. 
 Strengthened (1) by ipse: by our own 
 Jault, nostra ipsorum culpa ; v own. 
 (2) by -pte (infreq, and only in the 
 cases ending in a vow-el): nostrapte 
 culpa = nostra ipsorum culpa. I'cr. Pli 
 5. 2, I. 2. sometimes expr. by ethic 
 dai. nobis (L. G. } 290): what dues our 
 frit-nd Sannio say afttr allf quid ait 
 tandem nobis Sannio ? Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 12 ; 
 V MV (3). 3. olten not to be expr,, 
 the context explaining: esp. in the cu^e 
 of such subss. as pal ria, 1 attfB m^jores : 
 0. country, n Itich is the aimvion j arent 
 of us ail. patria, quae communis est 
 omnium nostrum parens, Cic. '^at. 1, 7, 
 1 7 : after the manner of o. ancestors, 
 more majorum ; etc. df our own country, 
 nostras, atis; the philosophers of our 
 own c., philosophi nostiates, Cic. Tusc. 
 5, 32, 90; 0. onn (rtmacula)) ivoids, 
 verba nostratia, id. Fam. 2, 11, init. 
 
 ourselves: ipsi (in agr with sub- 
 ject nos expressed or understood) ; nos, 
 no>met, nosmetipsi : for constr. v. hisi- 
 SELF. Phr. btacfen o., quod inter nos 
 liceiit (dicere), Cic. N. D. i, 26, 74: so, 
 quod inter nos sit (let tltat be between o). 
 Sen. Ep. 12, 2. 
 
 ousel : merula (blackbird) : Cic. 
 
 oust : ejiCio, 3 V TO EXPEL. 
 
 out (adv.) : \, Not withiri ; abroad : 
 1, loris : to dine o., f. coenare, Cic. 
 
 Q. Fr. 3, I, 6: V. ABROAD, OUTSIDE. 2. 
 
 tOras (denoting motion in an outward 
 direction') : usu. in connexion with verbs 
 which alone might suffice to convey the 
 sense: theii burst o. by the gates, portis 
 se f. erumpunt, Caes. B C. 2, 14 : v. 
 FORTH. (N.B. - In verbs such as to cast 
 out, rush out, etc., the suffix forms a 
 compound with the verb: v. to cast 
 OUT, etc) II. Of literary works, 
 
 published: expr. by verb: the bock is 
 not yet o., * liber nondum e prelo e.xiit, 
 nondum emanavit, publicatus est: v. 
 TO PUBLISH. III. In interj. use, out 
 upon 1 pro, proh ! v. shame ! 
 
 OUtof (;^«P0-' I. i'Vom: 1. ex, 
 e (tt ith abl.) : they followed Caesar o. 
 of the city, Caesarem ex urbe secuti 
 sunt, Caes. B. G. i, 39 to take away 
 friendship o. of life, amicitiam e vita 
 toUere, Cic. Am. 1 3, 47 : clu)seu o. of the 
 Senate to form this jury, ex Senatu in 
 hoc consilium delecti, id R. Am. 3, ./in. 
 (S.B.— E only before consonants; and 
 then only when euphonious : ex being 
 the true form.) 2. de (with abl: 
 esp. afier verbs denoting material, out 
 of iihieh , also select! on frr/m a number) : 
 V. OF (11., 111.). Phr. ; o. of the house, 
 tbris. fonis (v. out, adv.) : o. of the coun- 
 try, perenre: to be o. of the country, 
 peregrinari (v. abroad; to travel): 
 see also TO go "UT, wash out, etc. 
 II. Deprived of ; in phr. out of one's 
 mind, minus compos sui, Liv. 42, 28, 
 
 fin.; alienata mente, Caes. B. G. 6, 41; 
 to send any one o. of his mind, mentem 
 (alicui) alienare, Liv. 1. c: see also in- 
 sane, mad. III. Beyond range of: 
 extra (with ace.) : 0. of shoi, extra teli 
 jactum, Curt. 3, 10, init. (or by circimil., 
 thei/ kept o. of fire, *longius se oou- 
 tinebant quam quo tela hostium (icr- 
 veriire s. adigi possent). |V. Exceed- 
 ing a certain limit : P h r. ; it ts o. 0/ 
 our poK er. non opis est noslrae (poet.), 
 V'irg. Aen. i, 601 , non ea poiestas 
 est nostra, ut . . . (denoting the right to 
 do something, not the mere physical 
 ability, as in preccd. case), I'er. Heaut. 
 4, 3, 42 : it was 0. of Milo's power to stay, 
 Sliloni manendi nulla facultas (erat), 
 Cic. Mil. 17,45: 0. of season, intem- 
 pestivus ; with adv. intempestive (v. 
 unseasonable, unseasonably) : 0, of 
 order, extra ordin»-m (v. extraobdi- 
 nary): of all bounds, ut nihil possit 
 ultra, Cic Att. 15, i, B. V. I'enoting 
 a motive ; 1, per (esp. to denote the 
 feeling under vhich an action is d/me) : 
 o. of sport and jest, per ludum et jocum, 
 Cic. Verr 2, i, 60: as though o. of re- 
 spect, quasi per officium, Tac A. i, 24. 
 
 2. propter (on account of) ; to obey 
 the laws 0. of fear, parere legibus p. 
 metum, Cic. Par 5, i, 34. 3. ^b, a 
 (infreq.) : o. of mockery, ab irrisu, Liv. 
 7, 10: I ivrile o. of particular love and 
 good will, ab singulari amore ac benevo- 
 lentia scribo, Bal. in Cic. Att. 9, 7, B. 
 
 4. expr. by sucb partt. as, ductus, 
 adducius, perniotus, Coactus; o. of good 
 II ill, he gave up all to me, mihi, bene- 
 voleniia ductus, tribuebat omnia, Cic. 
 Br. 51, 190; nhtther 0. of anger, grief, 
 or fear, sive iracundia, sive dolore, sive 
 melu permotus, id. Att. 10, 4, med. : so, 
 misericordia permotuc, Petr. loi : t. to 
 
 INDUCE, influence. 
 
 OUtbawl : *clamando snperare. 
 outbid : supra adjlcio, 3 : Cic. Verr. 
 
 3, 33, 77 (where liciti sunt has just pre- 
 cedid) : some read suprajicio (one word). 
 Phr.. to be outbidden by another, ad- 
 Jectione ab alio superari, Hermog. Dig. 
 
 4, 4, >$. (N.B. — Though ther,- is no 
 such conip. as supraliceor, yet the anal. 
 of Cic. 1. c is enough to Justily the phr. 
 supra liceri, divisim.) 
 
 outbreak: \. a disturbance, law- 
 less conduct ; seditio v. mutiny. ||, 
 A violent access of passion : Phr.: in 
 an o. of passion, impetu et ira, Tac. tier. 
 2? ; in a violent o. oj passion, impott-ns 
 irae, Liv. 29, 9. med. : to lie liable to 
 violent o.s oJ passion, summa iracundia 
 esse, Caes. B. C. J, 16 . such a disposition 
 Is described thus : impotentia quaedam 
 animi, a temperantia et moderatione 
 plurimum dissiden.s. Cic. I'usc. 4, 15, 34 : 
 to be liable to o.s of madness, *furoris 
 accessionibus teneri, cf. Gels. 3, 18, ad 
 fin. 
 
 outcast: 1. exsul. exton-rs: V. 
 EXILE, EXILED. 2. profiigus (strictlj" 
 adj.): an 0. from one's country, patrii 
 p., Liv. 34, 60: they wandered as o.s, 
 without settled abode, profugi incertis se- 
 dibus vagabantur. Sail. Cat. 6. 3, 
 
 sometimes, inops, ggens : v. destitute. 
 outcry : 1. clamor (loud shout- 
 ing) : v. CRY, subs. 2. convicium 
 (noisy, uproarious shouting and bratvU 
 ing) : ailonished at the o., convicio per- 
 motus. Phaedr. i, ^. 4: v. noise (8). 
 3, acdamatio (shouting expressive 
 of displeasure) .- more fully, adversa 
 (populi) a., Cic. de Or. 2, 83, 339- 
 outdo : sJipero, I : v. to surpass. 
 outer : e,\terior, us : opp. interior, 
 Cic. Tim. 7 . the o. works (of defence), 
 ex. munitiones, Caes. B. G. 7, 87. Sup. 
 extremus, e.xtimus. outernwst : the o. 
 toirn of the Allobrnges, extremum Alio 
 broguni oppiUum, Caes. B. G. i, 6: the 
 0. (circle) nhich includes all the rest, 
 extimus, qui reliquos omnes complec- 
 titur, Cic. Rep 6, 17 : see also FARTHKsr. 
 Join, extremus atque ultimus, Cic. 
 See also outside, outward, external. 
 outfit : 1. PTb- apparatus (equip- 
 mert, furniture, stores: collectively)' 
 cf. Phu. 13, I, I (in reliquo Darii ap
 
 OUTFLANK 
 
 OUTRIGHT 
 
 OUTSTRIP 
 
 paiatii. AWxaiider cepit M-riniiini tin- 
 guenturumj esp. used ol materials avd 
 appliances J or war; Caes. K. C !, 41: 
 Liv. : or, 2. iiistrumentum {ftock 0/ 
 «(«»S!7.*) ; cf. Cic. V^err. 4, 44, 98, instru- 
 nieiitum ac supellex <'. Verris. See also 
 KUitNiTiRK. Or by cinuml. : to {nocuie 
 an o.Jor anij one, *omr]j.i quae i)ercgri- 
 nanti opus sum compurare. 
 
 outflank : I' h r. : after oil thty could 
 not iulp being o.'d, nrc tameii /icquari 
 froiltos poter.int, Liv. 5, jS, init.: the 
 centre 0/ the armtj 0) Artaxerxef o.'d the 
 left wing of Ci/rus, *Artitx(r.\is iiitdia 
 acics extra erat Cyrl siiilstruni cornu 
 (cf. efu> f^eVeTO toO Kvpov euajd'/xou 
 Kc'pw;, .\en. An. i, 8, 21). Sonicilnics 
 circunivenio, circueo (circiimeo), may 
 serve; the movement thus denoii'it !)• inn 
 naturally effectfd by an outjiankiiig 
 force : lie rested his left on some marshes, 
 to prevent his being o.'ti (and attacked in 
 tltejlank nr rear), sinistrum laius, iiecir- 
 cuiri posset, admovii paludibus, Kmnt. 
 2, J, 22: cf. Liv. ji, 21, circumire a 
 comibus et arnplecti hostium aciem : 
 see also Front. 1. c. ^ 8, h'jslem ex 
 utraquc parte circiinivenire : v. flank. 
 
 outgeneral; *ar(e imperatoria su- 
 perare: v. td surpass 
 
 outgoing: egressus, iis : Cic: Sail. 
 
 outgrow : l' h r. : Home outgrew 
 her early institutions, *l{oinae Jam 
 adultae le^es institutaque antiqua an- 
 gustiora facta erant. 
 
 outhouse : perh. tugiirium : v. nuT, 
 
 KHED. 
 
 outlandish : 1. externus : V. FO- 
 REIGN. Join: e.xtcrria c*. pt-regiina 
 Qverba], Quint. 8, 1, 2. 2. perb. bar- 
 D3.rus (a depreiiati>ry ile.sciiptioii of per- 
 sons and things foreign) . uncouth, o. 
 slaves, servi agrestes et b.. Cic. Mil. 9, 
 26: cf. Hor. Od. 5, 5, ;, b. conjux. 
 
 outlast : durando superare : cf. to 
 
 OCT LIVE. 
 
 outlaw ysubs.) : 1. proscriptus (a 
 proseribed person) : the Cornelian laic 
 forbids the giving of help to an o., lex 
 Cornelia proscriptum juvari vetat, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, i. 47/12}. 2. latro, onis ; 
 also latrunciilus praedo (one who sets 
 the laus at defiance; atreebrxiler, rob- 
 ber): V. FREKBOOTKK. P h r. : lianished 
 men, men head, over ears in debt, and 
 o.s, exsules, ubaerati, capitalia ausi, Liv. 
 zb,^o,ad fn. (N.B. — Notexlex; which 
 is, exempted from the operation of a 
 law.) 
 
 outlaw ("•) •• 1, aqua et igni in- 
 terdico : v. foil. art. 2. proscribo, } : 
 
 v. TO TKOSCRIBE. 
 
 outlawry, sentence of: 1. tecti 
 
 et aquae et ignis Interdictio; Or. pr. 
 Dom. JO, 78. '/o jjass sentence ol o. on 
 any one, alicui aqua atque (et) igni inter- 
 dicere, Caes. B. G. 6, 44: olt. unpers., 
 sentence of o. teas passed on him, ill! 
 aqua et igni interdictimi est, Cic. Phil 
 6, 4, 10. 2. proscriptio : v. ruosciiiF- 
 
 TION. 
 
 outlay : sumptus, us ; inipi-nsa : v. 
 
 EXPKNSE. 
 
 outlet : 1. exitus, us : to have vo 
 «., ex. non habere [ai^ pervinm non esse], 
 Varr. L.Ij. 5. J2, 14J seven o.s from a 
 house, sepiein ex. e domo, Liv. jg, ;i, 
 med. : Caes. 2. egressus, us : to block 
 up o.s, e. obsidere, Tac. A. 16, 10 : I'eir. 
 (if tlie mouths «;/ the Inter, Ov. I r. 2, 189. 
 3. eniissarium (^/or carrying o;r 
 nuter): un o. to a laKe, e. lacus. Suet. 
 CI. 20: Cic. Fam. 16, 18. 4. effluvium 
 (for fluids): o.of a lah'. e. lacus, Tac. 
 A. 12, 57. See also moi-th (II.) 
 
 outline : pi Imae s. e.xtremae lineai? ; 
 extrema lineamenta : Phr. to draw 
 just the o. of a thing, prinias nmdo 
 lineas alicujus rti ducere. Quint. 2, 6, 2 
 (fig.): also, liiieas modo extremas cir- 
 cumscribere, id. 9. 2, 7 : to preserve the 
 o, of the constitution as of a picture, 
 tanquam picturae lormam reipublicae 
 et extrema tanquam lineamcnia servare, 
 cf.Cic. Rep. 5, I sometiiiH s fnrma alone 
 may suffice, ct. id. Off. i, ;. init. • a mere 
 imperfect o. of anythrnii, aiiiimbrata 
 imago alicujus rei, id. Tu.sc. j, 2, j (v. 
 
 TO SKKTCII)- 1 1, cuiialus alqiii- aduin- 
 bratiu (an attempt at an o.) id. Or. 29, 
 10;. 
 
 outlive : superi.t<'8 sum ; supersum 
 (both with dat.) : v. to survive. I'h r. : 
 whichever of the tuo o.s llie other, utei 
 eorum vita .superarit. Caes. B. <i. 6, 19 
 cf. vincere (= superare) vivendo, Lucr. 
 I, 20;. 
 
 outlook : V. LooK-onr. 
 
 outnumber : P li r. : Caesar under- 
 stood that the eiiemy's cavalry o.'d his, 
 Ca'-.sar inteliigelmt hostes eqiiiiatu supe- 
 riores es.si-, Caes. B. li. 7, 65 : so, to be 
 o.'d, numero inferioreiii esse, id. B. C. I, 
 57 numero imparem esse, lac. H. 2, 20: 
 greatly to o. (the eneni'/), multitudine 
 superare. Front. 2, ?, 6 : so far to o., 
 tantum muliitudirie superare, Liv 5, j8, 
 med.: ct. multitudine abundare, id. 21, 
 8, init.: the eiiemy greatly o.'d him in 
 cavidry, hostes innumero equitalu prae- 
 valeb.mt, Front. 2, ;, 14: there it nould 
 be iiiipxissible for them to be o.'d, illic 
 [utriusqiir reglsj copias numero I'uturas 
 pares [quum angiistiao multltudinem 
 non caperentj. Curt, j, 7, ad Jin. 
 
 outpost: slatio: to be on guard in 
 o.s. in siallone esse, Caes. B. G. 4, 42 : 
 numerous o.s (picquets), crebrae s., id. 
 B. C. I, 7?. Join: custodiae sta- 
 tioiiesiiiie. it). T, 59. 
 
 outpour ; effundo, ? : V. TO POUR OUT. 
 
 outpouxing : effusio : cic. N. 1 ). 2, 
 10, 26 (ef. aquae). Or expr. by verb: 
 concerning the 0. of the Holy Spirit, 
 •de effuso .'^plrilu SaLcto. 
 
 outrage {/■ubs.) .- \, vexaiio (rough 
 usage, bodily abuse) ; to save from most 
 cruel o., ex acerbissinia v. cripere, Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 1,2: in the midst ofo. and insult, 
 per V. et contumelias, Liv. j8, 59, fin. 
 
 2. injiiria: v. injury. 3. indig- 
 nilas (insulting or humiliating treat- 
 ment) : to put up with every kind of 0. 
 and insult, omnes i. coiitumeliasque 
 perferre, Caes. B. G. 2, 14. So, indigna 
 pati, to submit to undeserved o., Liv. ji, 
 JO, ad init. 4. faciiius, oris, n. (a bold, 
 Jutra genus deed): more fully, iiidignum 
 f. (an o. against all decency), Tct. Andr. 
 I, I, 118; it is an 0. to put a Roman 
 citizen in Imnds, f. est vincire civem 
 Roniaiuim, Cic. Verr. 5, 66, 170 : to 
 shriiik from no o., nihil facinoris prae- 
 termiUere, Liv. J9, ij, med. So, flagi- 
 lium (071 o. against natural lair and 
 decency) : cf. lac. G. 12, med. (tanqu:mi 
 flagitia, dum puniuntur, abscoudi opor- 
 teat) : also Liv. I. c. 
 
 outrage (<^'0 ■■ 1. vexo, i (to treat 
 violently and abusively) : Cic. : Caes. : 
 V. TO OPPRESS, ABUSE. 2. lacdo : in- 
 juria afficio, etc. : v. TO rNjURE. P h r. : 
 violently to o. a girl, (pu. Ibie) indigne 
 per vim vitium offerre, Ter. Ad. j, 2, lo : 
 to o. humanity, huinanitateni exuere, 
 Cic. Lig. ;, 14. 
 
 outrageous: 1. indignus (.s/iame- 
 ful, humiliating) : o. condw t, i. fai inus, 
 Tit. Audr. 1, i, 118 tn maltreat in an 
 o. mannei; i. in modum mulcare, Liv. 
 29, 9, med. As exclani., outrageous '. in- 
 digiium I Ov. M. ;, J7. 2. lacliiorosus 
 Qharacterized by aiula'ious dime: in- 
 Ireq.): the most o. assassins, sUarii fa- 
 cinorosissinii Cic. Se.\t j8. 81 Just. 
 
 3. imniodicus, imniodpratus : v. 
 IMMODERATE, EXCESsiv K. 4. immauis : 
 v. MONsTRou.s. Phr.: all declare it is 
 positivelyo.,c\auuiut omnisln.liguissime 
 tacium e.ssi', Ter. Ad. i, 2, ii. 
 
 outrageously : indlgm- (comp. pre- 
 ced.art.,; Tir Ad. j, 2, lo, etc.: also, 
 Indignum in modum, Liv. 29. 9, med.; 
 indi^iiis modis, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. See 
 
 also MIAJIKKII.I.V, KXCESSIVEI.V. 
 
 outrageousness : perh. immanltas 
 (mon^trousnes.^) : cf. Cic. Cat. I, 6, 14, 
 imniiitutas tanti facinoris. See also 
 
 OUTRAGEOf.S. 
 
 outrider: PtIi. praecursor: cf. Plin. 
 Pan. 7?,_/i». (inillus apparatus adrogan- 
 tiae principalis, nullus prat-corsorum 
 tumultus) : or, assecia v. attendant. 
 
 outright : I. -At once : staiim, 
 
 etc.: V. iMMKDiATKLV. ||. Completely: 
 
 1. pmrsus • / am dune for o., p. 
 
 peril, II. Anl 2, 8, txtr. 2. pUnS 
 to be o. destitute of cum mun feeling, p 
 i-.irere sensu cummuni, Hor. S. 1, j, 66; 
 Ter. Superl. planisslme, let. Hi-aut. 4, 
 I, 26 (p. perdere). see also coMPLETELr. 
 
 ESTIRKLV. 
 
 outrun : 1. pmecurro, tucurri and -I 
 rsuni, t (rare) : Vulg Joli. xx. 4. 2, 
 cursu supero (if an artaul tiial of speed 
 be meant : pra- curro simply iiiditating 
 that one party is alieail of tlir. other): 
 V. TO OUTSTRIP. Thatciino., veiocior: 
 V. su iFT. iSee al.<o ro outstrip. 
 
 outset : Inceptum, etc. : v BFXim- 
 nim;. 
 
 outshine : praeiaceo, xi, 2 (with 
 dat.): Hor. Kp. i, 1, «}. (Ir expr. by 
 lu. idior, fulgidi.ir: eyes that do o. the 
 «(ars, lucidioraslelllsiumina: v. iiRrciiT. 
 
 outside (subs) : I. The external 
 
 part 0/ a thing : \, expr. by e.\triii- 
 bCciis (i)\i\>. to intrinsecus) a column 
 covered n ith gold on the o., columna ex. 
 inaiiraia, Cic. Div. i, 24, 48: Uie li'cr it 
 holl'nv in the inside, and niUi rounded 
 o., jecur iiurinseciis cavuin. ex. gilM.um 
 est, Cds. 4, I, med. 2. hv extrii (opp. 
 to intus, intra) on the o and on tlit 
 inside, extra intraque, Col. 8, i;, inil... 
 Hor. Kp. 2, I. ?i. So al.-o compar. ex- 
 terius : ok tlie inside and 0., intriiisecus 
 et e.\terius, Col. 12, 4J, med. (e.Mriiisecus 
 et intra, ib. ;>«ufo ()/_/»•.). 3. e.\irrior 
 pars (alter anal, of iiiterii.r pars), or 
 perh. externa, orum (n. pi.) : v. interior. 
 II. (Jnter appearance, as opp. to 
 inner reality: \. froiis. mis,/.; the 
 mere 0. deceives many, decipit f. prima 
 multo.s, Phaedr. 4, 2, 5 : it has more in 
 it tlian it promises on the o., plus habet 
 in recessu quam fronte promiitit. Quint. 
 I, 4, 2 (cf. Cic. Att. 4, i;, where fronte 
 and mente are opposed). 2. species, 
 ei : V. SHOW, appeaBancf. Phr. ; 
 having a fair o., speciosus pelle decora, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 16, 4; ; the mere o. (f virtue, 
 sola, ut sic dixerim, cutis virtutis Quint. 
 10, 2, l>. III. The extreme mtOiUJe: 
 Phr.: at the o., summum v. moot 
 adj. (fn.). 
 
 outside ("ti'') ■■ 1. extra: to have 
 aiemies bcth inside and o., ex ei intus 
 hostem habere. Caes. B. C. J, 69 : Hor. : 
 Col. 2. foris (strictly, «ii< <;/'d'<o>> ; 
 also in wider sense) : left inside (the 
 city), expected 0., relictus intus, exspec- 
 tatus {., Cic. Sul. 5, 17: sine (fruil.-') 
 have the fleshy part inside and the 
 noodypait o., ali^rum intus corpus it 
 f. lignum, Plin. 15, 28. 54: Nep. 3. 
 exlrinsecus: Cic: Cels. : v. preced. art. 
 (.i . 1). 
 
 outside of (/"«";>) •• extra (wiih 
 ace): o of the Collin e gate, ex. portiim 
 Collinam,"Cic Leg. 2 2J,58: Caes. H..r. 
 
 outskirts: I'hr. : situated in the 
 0. of the city (Home), subuibiinus: cl. 
 gynniasium suburhiuium, I'ic. de Or. i, 
 21, extr. : just on the o.s of the province, 
 fere ad extremum provinciae finera, Liv. 
 40, 16, med. 
 
 OUtsi'oken : I'h r. to be perfecfly 
 o., aperte ip.sam rem loqiii ; ml cir<ui- 
 tii^ne uti, Ter. Andr. 1, 2, ji ; (H.)sit;ii 
 anibagibus vera UmiiiI. Ov. JI. 10, 19: 
 conip. Laiine loqiii (like our, " to sp>aJi 
 m plain hnflish"). .Man. I. ad led.: 
 in a Jierfectly o. manner, sine fuco el 
 fallaciis (" without any hiimliug "). Cla 
 Alt. I, I, init. (Planilo(|Uii:i onl.v 1 I 
 True. 4,4, II ) .See also krams.camiid. 
 
 outspread (;«"■' <"(/•)■• 1 i>a-ssus: 
 
 v-ith o. hand.<. p. palmis, nianibus, (ilea. 
 B. C. J, 98. B. G. 2, I?. ' . p&iuhi« 
 (spreading ; as constant qualitj-) : a 
 brancJies, p. rami. Cic. : v. .-.preadino. 
 
 outstanding (a<0-) • '' '■ >"• '<» pay 
 
 ofT an o. i/f ^^ quod reliquiini restat |>er 
 solvere, PI. Cist. i. j, 40 (v. balance): 
 ct.Cic. Att. 16, I. mfJ.. niaxime meangit 
 ratio reliquoruni me<>ium (\. e. my o. 
 debts): to jmy oft my own o. dihts, ii<»s 
 alieiium nieis nuininibus solvere, SulL 
 Cat. If, : v. DKHT. 
 
 outstretched : v- outspread. 
 
 outstrip : 1. expr. by sup? ro, 1 : 
 to o. the hound in the race, cursu 8. 
 caneiii, Hi.r. Kp. i. 18. 51 • cf. celeritate
 
 OUTVIE 
 
 OVERBEARINGNESS 
 
 OVER FLOW 
 
 (sua) s., Cic, Q. Fr. i, i, i : v. to surpass. 
 2. praeverto, ti, sum, j : also as v. 
 dev. (poet.) ; to o. the uinds, praevertere 
 veiitos, Virg. Aen. I2. 545 : so, fugaprae- 
 vertitur Eurum, ib. i, 317. 
 
 outvie : supfiro, 1 : v. to surpass. 
 
 outvote : Ph r.. : to be n.d, suEfragiis 
 snperari, cf. Plin. };, 10, jG } "ji. 
 
 outward (odj-) •■ extemus, exterus: 
 
 T. EXTERNAL. 
 
 outward (adv.) .- fbras : v. out (adv.). 
 
 outwardly : extrinsecus, extra : v. 
 OUTSIDE {adv.). 
 
 outwards ; *'" exteriorem partem. 
 
 outweigh : 1. piaepondero, i (rare 
 in this sense) : to be o.'d by oirtite (speak- 
 ing of expediency, etc.). honestate prae- 
 ponderari, Cic. Oit. }, 4, 18. (Morefreq. 
 intrans. = to incline, as does the heavier 
 scale.) 2. praeverto, ti, sum, t (to 
 take precedence of : with dat.) : I see 
 Jilial affection o.s your love, pietatem 
 amori video luo praevertere, PI. Ps. i, 5, 
 
 74 : Liv. 2, 24, rned. (nee posse bello 
 
 praevertere quicquam, nothing could o. 
 the war, claim, prior attention). 3. 
 «xpr. by antiquus (applied to that which 
 ranks first in consideration) : praise 
 and ylory o.'d irith him a kingdom, 
 •ntlquior fuit illi laus et gloria quam 
 regnum, Cic. Div. 2, 37, 78 : the navy 
 has with him o.'d eoery other considera- 
 tion, navalis apparatus ei antiquissima 
 <ura fuit, Cic. Att. 10, 8, ad init 
 
 outwit : decipio ; (dolis), fallo, capio, 
 
 delMo : V. TO DECEIVE. 
 
 outwork : in fortification, exterior 
 munitio (exterius munimentum) ; Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 87 (not, as in Eng., a technical 
 term): or pi., *exteriora opera: v. 
 
 WORKS. 
 
 oval (adj.) : ovatus : others are of an 
 o. thape, aliis o. species, Plin. i;, 11, 2 j. 
 Or by circuml., 'ovi forniam habens. 
 (N.B. — Ovalis = relating to an ovation ; 
 e. g., o. corona, Gell.) 
 
 oval (subs.) : ovaia forma, f igiira : 
 T. preced. art. 
 
 ovation : i- e. an inferior triumph : 
 Jvatio : Gell. 5, 6, fin. : Flor. To cele- 
 brate an o., ovare, Gell. I. c. : Plin. 
 (N.B. — The verb is found in Cic, Liv., 
 etc. ; the subs, only in late authors : 
 hence usu. best expr. by verb : an o. 
 vms decreed to Manlius, Manlio ut ovans 
 Drbem ingrederetur, decretum est, Liv. 
 5, }l, med. : this was ajteruards the 
 crown used in o.s, haec postea ovantium 
 fuit corona, Plin. 15, 29. ?8.) Phr. : to 
 receive a perfect o., effusissime excipi. 
 Suet. Ner. 22 (bt no means ovatio in 
 this lax use). 
 
 oven : 1. furnus : to put a ]Mt in 
 an o., oUam in fiirnum conjicere, Plin. 
 20, 9, 39: to heal a?) o., f. calefacere 
 (v. to heat) : to bake in an 0., in f. 
 torrere, id. 28, 8, 29 } 1 1 ; r PI. : Hor. 
 2. clibanus (s7nallrr than furiius, 
 which was sometimes used in common 
 by a neighbourhood, cf Hor. S. i, 4, 
 J7 •■ whereas the clibanus was port- 
 able) : Plin. 20, 9, J9 . Tert. See also 
 
 FURNACE. 
 
 over (prep.) : I. From side to side, 
 above: 1. super (with ace): to be 
 thrown o. the rampart, s. vallum prae- 
 cipitari. Sail. Jug. 58 : to sail o. corn- 
 fields, s. segeles navigare, Ov. M. i, 295. 
 (N.B. — Supra denotes position above, not 
 motion over ; thus supra segetes navigat 
 [the commoner reading inOv. M. i, 29;] 
 = he sails above the corn-fields, with the 
 corn-fields beneath him : super either 
 motion or position over : cf. infr.) 2. 
 trans, (with ace.) : v. across. Phr.: 
 there was a passage o. the Alps, iter per 
 Alpes erat, Caes. B. G. i, 10 : to throw a 
 bridge 0. a river, pontem in flumine 
 facere, ib. I, ij ; flumen pontc jungere, 
 Liv. 21, 45, init. (N.B. — In this sense, 
 over often forms part of a virtually 
 compound verb: v. to vlt over, etc.) 
 II. Above : esp. to denote a position 
 precisely above : s&per (with ace. or 
 abl.) : an eagle hovering just o. the 
 king's head, paululuni s. caput regis 
 placide vobms aciuila. Curt. 4, 15, ad fin. : 
 Liv. I, J4, med. : o. whose neck luings a 
 528 
 
 sword, ensis cui s. cerviie pendet, Hor. 
 Od. i, I, 17. III. Denoting elevation 
 or authority : expi . by piae in compo- 
 sition : e. g. to be o., have comnuind o., 
 praeesse, praepositum esse, etc. : v. to 
 command (2, 3); APPOINT (1., a, 5, 6). 
 IV. Extending upon the entire sur- 
 face of: 1, sii per (with ace: when 
 one thing coivers another, as a coating) : 
 hides are spread o. the bricks, s. latercs 
 coria inducuiuur, Caes. B. C. j, 10. 2. 
 per (after verbs of motion, to denote 
 that a certain space is traversed) : to 
 roam 0. the fields, per agros vagari, Liv. 
 2,60: v. THKOUGH. Phr.: lo travel o. 
 such vast regions on foot, tantas regiunes 
 obire pedibus, Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 87 : so, 
 lustrare : v. to traverse. y. Higher 
 than : Phr.: (apart of the river) where 
 the water iso.a man's head, *ubi huniana 
 magniiudiiie major est fiuminis altitudu. 
 VI. -Wo»-e than • super (with ace.) : o. 
 6o,cx3o, s. sexaginta millia, Tac. G. ;j : 
 Sail. So sometimes, supra and ultra : 
 but amplius is better Latin : v. moke, 
 adj. (2, sqq.). VII. i'«""5' "« time of ; 
 inter : o. a period of ten years, i. decem 
 annos, Cic. Verr. Act. I, ij, 37 : I dic- 
 tated the above o. my dinner, haec i. 
 coenam dictavi, id. y. Fr. j, i, 6: v. 
 DURING. VIII. ^" addition to : in 
 phr., over and above : 1. siiper (with 
 ace.) : o. and above disease, farnine 
 weakened the Punic army, Punicum 
 exercitum s. morbn.m etiam tames af- 
 fecit, Liv. 28, 46, fin. 2. praeter : 
 V. BESIDES. (For the use of insiiper, 
 adv., V. OVER, adv. 11.) 
 
 over (adv.) : \, Resting above : 
 1, siiper : to heap purple cloth 0., 
 purpureas s. vestes conjicere, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 221 : Caes. 2. supra (where, as 
 before, a subs, or pron, would naturally 
 he expr. in Eng.): cf. Cic. Uiv. i, 17, Jj, 
 cutem illam et novaculam delossam in 
 comitio, supraque [= and over the spof] 
 impositum puteal accepimus. jj. Be- 
 yond ; besides what has been used : as, 
 to remain o., superare: v. to remain. 
 Esp. in phr., oi}er and above : insuper : 
 he even cheats me out of my money o. and 
 above, etiam ins. delrudat, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 
 j8 : if that is not enough, exact venge- 
 ance o. and above, si id parum est, ins. 
 etiam poeuas expetite, Liv. j, 67, med. 
 III. J'ast and done with : expr. by 
 verb : when the assizes were o., con- 
 ventibus peractis, Caes. B. G. 5, 2 : 
 H'htn the battle was o., confecto proelio, 
 .Sail. Cat. 61 : it is all 0. with that, 
 actum est de isto, Cic. Att. 12, 25, extr. : 
 it is all 0. with me, acta haec res est : 
 peril, Ter. Heaut. J, J, i : it is all o. 
 
 ivith you, Geta, unless , nullus es. 
 
 Geta, nisi id. Ph. 1,4,1. IV. I1 
 
 phr. over and over (again) : saepius, 
 identidem, saepenumero: v. repeat- 
 edly. (N.B. — When the word over is 
 inseparable in sense from a verb with 
 which it is connected, see the verb : e. g. 
 
 TO TUKN OVER, GIVE OVER, RUN OYER, 
 
 etc.) 
 
 over- (adject, prefix) : expr. by ni- 
 mis; or bycumpar. degiee(L.G. ^ J51): 
 
 V. TOO. 
 
 OVerabOUnd : siipero, 1 : that they 
 should o. in «eo;tA,illisdivitias superare. 
 Sail. Cat. 20 : Cic. See also to abound. 
 (Superabundo late : Vulg. : Tert.) 
 
 OveraWS : deterreo, 2 : the tribunes 
 being o.d, deterritis tribunis, Liv. 10, 9, 
 inil.: v. TO deter, intimidatk. Phr.: 
 to o. the Germans, metum Germanis in- 
 jicere, Caes. B. G. 4, 19 or more pre- 
 cisely perh., metu coercere, reprimere. 
 
 overbalance : v. to outweigh. 
 
 overbearing : 1. insoiens, ntis : 
 0. in prasperity, (in) secundis rebus i., 
 Hirt. B. G. 8, 1 ?, extr. : naturally <>. and 
 arrogant, naturS 1. et superbus, Cic. Mur. 
 J, 9 2. liiiperbus; v. haughty, 
 
 tyrannical. To grow o„ insolescere, 
 Sail. Cat. 6 (per licentiam i.) Tac. : o. 
 conduct or disposition, insolentia : Sail. : 
 Cic. 
 
 overbearingly : tnsolenter : Cic : 
 
 Liv. : V. IN^sOLENTLY. 
 
 overbearingness : insoleutia : Cic : 
 
 Sail. Join: insolentia, superbia, con- 
 tumacia, Cic. Verr. 4, 41, 89. 
 
 overblown : P h r. : o. pride, perh. 
 intumesctns superbia, cf. Phaedr. i, 3,4. 
 
 overboard: Phr.: to jump o., se 
 ex navi projicere, Caes. B. G. 4, 25 : ex 
 navi desilire, ib. : to throv) anything 0. 
 (to lighten the ship), alicujus rei j:ic- 
 turam facere, Cic. 0'*' j, 2} 89. 
 
 overburden : v. to overload. 
 
 overcast (part, adj.) : niibilus : if 
 the sky should become o.. si fiat coelum u., 
 Plin. 16, 26, 46. The neut. is used subs. : 
 e. g. when the sky is o., nubilo, id. 11, 24, 
 28 : Suet. Impers. nubilat, tlie sky be- 
 I- omes o. : Varr. R. R. 1 , i j (si n. coeperit). 
 Phr.: the sky was 0., coelum nubibua 
 obscuratum, Sail. Jug. j8: the clouds 
 gather from all sides and the sky is o., 
 nubes undique adductae obruere tenebris 
 diem, Petr. 114: cf. eriptunt subito 
 nubes coelumque diemque, Virg. Aen. 
 
 1, 88: more simply, coelum uubibus 
 tegitur, obducitur (Kr.). 
 
 overcharge ("•)•• i e. to charge too 
 large a sum : 'plus aequo exigere. 
 
 overclouded . v. overcast. 
 
 overcoat : lucema, paenula, en- 
 dromis : v. cloak. 
 
 overcome ; 1. siipero, 1 : to 0. all 
 difficulties, omnesdifiBcultaies s., Veil. 2, 
 120: the very gods cannot 0. necessity, 
 necessilatem ne dii quidem s., Liv. 9, ^, 
 extr. : to I), in war, bello s. (possunt), 
 Caes. B. G. i, 4; ; in a ruival engage- 
 ment, navali proelio s., id. B. C. 2, 22. 
 2. viiico, devinco (completely), v. 
 
 TO CO.NQUEK, SUBDUE. 
 
 overcoming (part, adj.) .- victor, 
 -trix ; V. MCTonious. 
 
 overdo : Phr.: not to o. a thing, 
 ne quid iiimis, Ter. Andr. i, i, $4: yow, 
 o. the thing both ways, veheniens ia 
 utramque partem es nimis, id. Heaut. 
 i, I, jl: I don't like an overd<me pre- 
 cisencss of articulation, nolo putidiut 
 exprimi literas, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 41 : a 
 delivery overdone with grimace and 
 geiticulation, pronuntiaiio vultuosa et 
 gesticulationibus molesta. Quint. 11, i, 
 i8}. 
 
 overdone : v. preced. art 
 
 overdraw: I. To draw too much 
 money: Phr.: to o. one's account, 
 perh. * amplius scribere quam apud 
 argentariam pecuniae sunt praesto. |(, 
 To exaggerate in description : Phi . 
 the picture of horrors is o.n, *res ipsa 
 per se atrox ampUficando in majus es; 
 aucta ; atrocitas (foeditas) spectaculi 
 praeter modiim actae rei est amplifi* 
 cata : v. to exaggerate. 
 
 overdrink : P h r. : to o. oneself, 
 nimio potu se invitare: v. to indulge. 
 Stronger, vino se obruere, Cic. Deiot. 
 9, 26. 
 
 overdrive: Phr.: to o. cattle. '%r- 
 menta velocius (longius) quam oportet 
 agere : an o.n horse, * equus nimio 
 cursu coiifectus. 
 
 overdue : Phr.: bills that are 0. 
 *syiigraphae quibus dies praeteriil 
 
 overeat : P h r. : to 0. oneself, nimio 
 cibo se invitare: v. to indulge. 
 
 overestimate : nimis magni aeg- 
 timo, facio : v. to estimate, valuil. 
 
 overfatigue (subs.) : nimia fati 
 gatio, delatigatio: v. fatigue. 
 
 overfeeding (subs.): *nimius (im- 
 modicus) cibus. 
 
 overflow (v.): 1, expr. by ef- 
 
 fundo, fQdi, sum, j (as pass., or with 
 pron. reft.) : the sea never either rises 
 aJbove its wont nor o.s, mare neque re- 
 dundat unquam neque efifunditur : more 
 precisely, super ripas effundi (of the 
 Tiber), Liv. i, 4. ud init. (N.B.— That 
 redundo is to rise, sivell, not to overjlow, 
 is evident from a comparison of Cic. Div. 
 
 2, j2, 69, si lacus Albanus jedundasset, 
 with Liv. 5, 51, who, in relating the 
 same incident, has, si quando aqua AJ- 
 bana obuudasset, etc.) 2. siiperflno, 
 xi, xum, J (to run over the brim ,- 
 whereas eJIundi implies also spreading 
 abroad) : to boil things gcTitly, so that 
 they may not o., lenitercoquere ne super- 
 
 : fluant. Cels. 6, 18, 2 : Tac. A. 2, 6l de
 
 O V EHFLO W 
 
 O V JiRLOOK 
 
 OVERRUN 
 
 Nilo) Plin. 3. expr. by auperluudo. 
 ludi, sum, } (as pass. nji. = In uier- 
 spraul): ttie Tiber has J oi mkeii tis Otd 
 and w o.ing its lowtr iMitks, I'lberis 
 alveum excessil, et demlsiiuribus ripiij 
 supertiaiditur. I'liii. Ep. 8, i^, i ; tl. Liv. 
 •;, }, Circus Tibtri superluso irrigdius. 
 4, inundu, i i^lo coier with ualtr; 
 inundate): tUt TUKr o.'d Uu: level parts 
 of the city, Tiberls luca plaiui urbis 
 iimudavit, Liv. )$, 9, init. : so, Id. 24, y, 
 eic. (N.B.— Nui uaei wiihout uec. 0/ 
 that whu^h IS oi-erjUiwed.) Phr . ((/*e 
 Silt) Jisiny very hiijh u.s all Kyypt, 
 uuciu magiiu piT totuiii Asiaiu apatiaiur, 
 riiii. S. 9. 10 ^ 55 '''* 'i***" ''i*«^* "'"^ 
 o.s, aniDis abuiidaiis exii ^ic. ripis), 
 Virg. G. I, 116. tl. id. Aeu. 1, 496: 
 it oji its UJ't bank, vagus sinistra labiiur 
 iipa, Hor. Od. i, 2, 18. See also to 
 
 INUNUATK. 
 
 overflow (subs.) -. expr. by verb : 
 in amiviutnce 0/ an o. of the Tiber, 
 effus-) per ripas Til>eri tluuiiue ; quum 
 1 iUeris agros iiiuiidasBel, etc. : v. to 
 ovERHx)w, See al»orNLMjATio.s. (aome- 
 Uuies auctus, lis, may be preti^e eiiougb : 
 e. g. concerning tlie cauit* of the u. of the 
 Xile, *de causis Nili auctus.) 
 
 overflowing iadj-) ■ '• e. copious, 
 
 abuiulaiU : laryu» ei exuiidaiis [ingeiiii 
 loiiBj, Juv. 10, J19. See also ablmja.m. 
 
 overflowingly : v. abl.nua.nti.v. 
 
 OVerlOUa : uimis iudulgens, uiduU 
 Beiiiiur; v. konu. f. 0/ a loi/ «, uxorius : 
 Hor. Od. I, 2, 19: Virg. 
 
 overgrown {part, and adj.): |. 
 Covered uith herbage : 1. obsltus : 
 )Ough country u. uwt bush, coiiiragosa 
 luca et o. virgi.ltis, Liv. 28, 2, mit.. Ov. 
 2, crebtr, bra, brum {_tuick wi'Ji : 
 puel.) : o yroce o. icith reeds, c. aruu- 
 dinibus lucus, Ov. M. 11, 190. 3. 
 
 opplelus (.archaic and rare) ; cl. I'l. Aul. 
 4, 6, 9, lucus crebro ^aliclo opplelus. 
 Ph r . : rocks o. nitli, moss, musco cir- 
 cumlita saxa, Hor. Ep. i, 10, 7 : also 
 t4mply, muscosa saxa : v. MOssy. ||. 
 Urown beyond the natural size : euoruii 
 lorpore {abl. of description) : Suet. Cai. 
 50. 
 
 overhang : |. r r a u s., to suspend 
 ■jver and cover : perb. convestio, vestio : 
 cf. Cic. y. Kr. i, I, 2. ita omnia convesiit 
 {dothes, overtutnys) bedera : also id. 
 Tuso. 5, 2}, 64, sepulcrum septum uu- 
 dlque el vestitum vepribus el dumelis. 
 lb o. a titeatre u-ith an auning, vela in 
 iheatro ducere, Plin. 19, I, 6; ibeairum 
 integere, iuumbrare, ib. ||. in trans., 
 to be suspended or situated above : 1. 
 immineo, ui, 2 (with dat., or absol.; : 
 eminences o.ing (i. e. sittuited so clvsr. as 
 to coinmarul) Vie road, viae immiuentcs 
 lumuli, Liv. ^8, 2, med. : the clij) o.s 
 the waters, scopulus atquoribus i., Ov. 
 M. 4, 525 ; lor absol. use. see Virg. Aen. 
 I, 165. Strengthened, superimiuineo, 2 
 (rare) : Virg. Z. impendeo, 2 (.to hang 
 rigid oier . whereas liumineo rather 
 refers to that which from height and 
 proximity may be said to overhang) 
 a sword o.s his neck, impeiidet illius 
 cervicibus (gladius), Cic. I'usc. 5, 2i, 
 62 : also ~ immineo : Caes. B. G. i, 5 
 
 (mens altissimus impendebat, so. itineri). 
 
 Strengthened, superinipendeo, 2 ; Cat. 
 
 For tig. sense, v. to impk.nd. 
 overhanging (adj) • impendens, 
 
 sliperimpendeiis (or divisim, super im- 
 
 pendens) : v. preced. art. 
 
 OVerhastily; praepropSre: Liv. J7. 
 
 ?. J, _/in. ; iiimium festinaiiter : Cic. tin. 
 
 ;. 26, "JT : or compar. festiuantius, I'ac. 
 
 A. 1$, }. 
 OVerhasty : 1. praeprOperus : Cic 
 
 Alt. I, I, mit.: Liv. 2. praeceps, 
 
 Cipitis (heOiUong, hurried) : Cic. Kl. 2c, 
 
 ^8. a. testinatus (.in pas.s. sense, of 
 
 that %»lilch is done with too great haste): 
 
 an o. maiTiage, f. nuptiae. Suet. Aug. 
 
 69 : Quint. 
 
 overhaul : l' h ■"• : ^ o. every single 
 
 expressi(fn, sub Judicium singula verba 
 
 Tocare, Ov. Pont, i, 5. ^°- '^ *1^ »■" 
 
 rsspKCT, carrK izE. 
 overhead : 1. Je^uper : Virg. Aen. 
 
 I, 165 ; Strictly denoting motion Jmrn 
 
 above : cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 112, nimbum 
 
 desuper liifundam. 2. insuper 
 
 {above) ; SiiU. Cat. 55 (carcereiii niiiniunt 
 undique pariett-s atque iiisuper camera, 
 i. e. walls all round and a vaulted 
 roof o). To be or liang o., Impendeo, 
 superimpendi o ; immineo: v. to oveb- 
 
 HA.V(i. 
 
 overhear : 1. excipio. cepi, cep- 
 tuiii, i (to "catch"), one of Uie slaves 
 o.d the conversation, sennoriem ex servi.s 
 unus excepit, Liv. 2, 4, a<i fm. 2. 
 exaudio, 4 (to luMr from a distance or 
 outside): an aUercation arose betiieen 
 Uie pullarii, and was o.d by some Roman 
 knights, altercatio inter pullarlos orta 
 exaudita (est) ab lloiiianis equitibus, 
 Liv. 10, 40, mM. : v. TO hkar. 3. 
 ausculto, I [to listeri and so hear) : to o. 
 anything at the door, aliquid ab ostlo a., 
 PI. .Merc. 2, 4, 9. 4. auciipo, I (lit. 
 to catch, like a fowler): PI. Most. 2, 2, 
 42 (auc. sermonem nostrum). 
 
 overheat : P h r. : to o. oneself by 
 running, *ex cursu aesluare ; lie must 
 avoid o.itig himself, *caveio ne cursu, 
 gestatione, etc., nimis incalescat. 
 
 overjoy (subs.) .• nimium gaudiura, 
 Liv. 22, l.fin. 
 
 overjoyed (pan. andadj.) : 1' h r. : 
 to be o., laeiitia exsultare, Cic. AtL 14, 6 ; 
 gestlre. Ter. Eun. }, 5, 10 (quid est quod 
 sicgestis? why so o.f): lam o. at the 
 result of the electiims, comilia me laetitia 
 extulerunt, Cic. Kara. 2, 10: the Athe- 
 nians were so o. at that victory, ea vic- 
 toria tantae fuit Atiicis laelliiae, Nep. 
 Timoth. 2 : to be o. to receive any <rne, 1 
 elTusa laetitia e.xcipere aliquem, cf. Liv. 
 J5, 4J, extr. : to be so o. at the sight of a 
 s<m as to depart life, ad conspectum tilii 
 iiimio i;audio exanimari, Liv. 22, ^,fln. : 
 I am o. ! imniortaliter gaudco 1 (colloq.), 
 Cic. Q. Fr. J, I, J. 
 
 overland : P b r. : o. route, terrestre 
 iter: PUn. 5, 6, 6. 
 
 overlap ; expr. by excedo. ssi, ssum, 
 J : one tooth oj the atljoining tootit, dens 
 supei proximum dentem excedit, Cels. 
 8, 7 : the one (part of the) bone ojs the j 
 other, aiiud (os) super aliud effertur, ib. ; 
 8, lo. ! 
 
 overlay : \, To cover or o ver spread 
 a surface : ' \, illino, levi, lituni. i 
 (lit. to smear on: with arx. and dat.) ; 
 marble is overlaid with gold by means 
 of the uhite of an egg, marmorl ovi 
 candido illinitur (aurum), Plin. j}. i. 2°' 
 Sen. Ep 119, II. Also foil, by a£c. and 
 abl., Plin. 2. inauro, 1 (uxith gold): 
 to o. brass with gold, auro aes In., Plin. 
 }}, J, 20: Vitr. Instead of p. part. 
 inauratus, may also be used auratus : 
 V. GILDED. (N.B.— Inargento does not 
 occur : but the p. part, inargenutus, 
 overlaid with silver, does : Plin. 2i, 2, J, 
 lamiia inaurala aut inargentata.) 3. 
 
 illduCO, J : v. TOOVEKSFREAD. ||. Ib 
 
 smother by lying upon : opprimo, pressl, 
 ssum, j: Vulg. in. Eeg. iii. 19 (dor- 
 miens quippe oppressit euni). More 
 precisely, *superincubando opprimere. 
 
 overleap : transillo, 4 : Liv. I, 7. 
 
 overload: I. l>>t-' too. a vessel 
 or iragon, •nimio pondere onerare navem, 
 plaustrum ; nimium onus imponere 
 plaustro (Kr.) : the ship was lest tlirough 
 being overladen, 'navis periit nimio 
 onere praegravala : the ship was orer- 
 laden with com, 'navl Imposita erat 
 fruraenti vis major quam ut tuto navi- 
 gari posset. ||. Fig.: too. oneself 
 with wine, food, etc., vino se obruere, 
 Cic. Deiot. 9, 26; vino epulisque obrui, 
 Nep. Dion. 4 (see also to indi'I.ue) : over- 
 laden with food and drink, cibo vinoque 
 praegravis, Tac. H. 2, 2i,tTHt. : having 
 the stomach o.'d, crudus (iinth food not 
 yet digested), Hor. S. i, 5. 49 : Cic- 
 such a stcUe of the stomach, cruditas 
 (v. iNDlGtiTioN): to rectify an o.'d sto- 
 mach, cnidil.ites digerere, PUii. 26, 7, 2;. 
 (N.B. — As applied to food, medically, 
 onerare is to be heavy on the stomach : 
 Plin. 79. J, II.) 
 overlong: praelongus: longlor: v. 
 
 LON(i. 
 
 overlook ■ I 1^ command a view 
 
 1 M 
 
 of: 1. prosplcio, spexi, ctum, j: the 
 dining-room. o.s the loveliest courUrjf- 
 luiuses. coenatio amoenlssimas villas p., 
 Plin. Kp. 2, 17, 12: Hor. So wiibt^iit 
 difference of s<-nse, prospecto. 1 : cf. Tac 
 A. 14. 19. villa quae subjectos siOU3 
 editi&^ima prospectat, whicit stands very 
 high, and oj the underlying bays 
 2. perh. immineo, 2 (to be situated 
 just above; to ccrmmand: with dat.): 
 a hill o.s the city, colUs urbi i., Virg. Aen. 
 I, 420 [it is added, adversiiS asprctat de- 
 super arces, looks down upon them\ : 
 v. to overhang (IL). 3. desplcio, 
 despecto : v. to look ixjws. ||. To 
 cast the eyes over with a view to exti/- 
 mining : inspicio, } : v. to inspett, 
 SL'RVEV. III. To pass by (an offence) 
 
 unnoticed: 1. Ignosco, nOvl, turn, j 
 (with dot. of person, ace. ot thing over- 
 looked or forgiven : the latter also dat. 
 when alone): v. tokoegive. 2. prae- 
 terniitto, ): Ter. Ad. i, i, 26. 3. 
 conniveo. 2 : v. to wink at. 4. negligo, 
 exi, cluni. ) (to disregard): he wtjuld 
 not o. the injuries done, se Injurlas non 
 neglecturiim, Caes. B. G. 1, j6; Cic, 
 IV. '^" neglect : negligo, praet«r* 
 mitto, etc. : v. to neglect, omit. 
 overmaster: devinco, deijeiio: v. 
 
 to .SlBliLK. 
 
 overmatch : sup^ro, i : v. to oveb* 
 CO.ME. O.'d, Impar, aris (not a match 
 fur) : Hor. Od. 4. 6. 5 : Virg. 
 
 overmuch : nimis, nimium, pliu 
 ae<iiii' v. Tix) (much). 
 
 overnight : *pndie vesperi : cf. Cic. 
 de Or. 2, ?, 1 !, heri vesperi. 
 
 overpass : v. to pass over. 
 
 overpeopled: Phr: the country 
 is u., *niiij -T quam pro regione hominum 
 multitudo est ; creiirior hominum mul- 
 titudine regio est quam ut eos satis alat. 
 
 overplus : v. surplus. 
 
 overpower: 1. opprimo, pressl, 
 ssum, } (to overwhelm, crush, subdue): 
 too. any one in war, aliquem hello o., 
 Nep. Dat. 9, iTiit. join: armis con- 
 ticere atque opprimere. Cic. Font. 12, 
 26. Fig.; to be o.'d by on^s feelings, 
 opprimi et vix resistere dolorl, id. Fam. 
 4, 6, med. 2. siip6ro. exsupSro, I 
 (the latter a strengthened form): v. to 
 overcome. 3. debello, 1 : v. to scb- 
 DDE. See also to overwhelm. To o. 
 a smell, odorem exstinguere, cf. Plin. 
 19 6, 14. 
 
 overoowenng: v. overwhelming. 
 
 overrate : nimis magni fScio, aes- 
 tinio V. TO valve. 
 
 OVeTTa.ted{part-andadj.): Phr.: 
 
 to be an 0. man, 'fama minorem esse. 
 
 ' overreach : l- e- to deceive : circum- 
 
 venio, veni, ventum, 4 : Cic. to o. a 
 
 I man's ignorance, alicujus igin>rantiam c, 
 
 Ulp. Dig. I "7, 1. 29 1} J : V. TO CHEAT, UE- 
 ' ERACI). 
 
 overreaching (.subs.): fraus, dohis 
 (malus) v. frali), dishoNkjsty. 
 
 override : I. "' '""'< "» "»"<* • 
 V. to overdrive. II. 7b take pre- 
 cedence of : perh. praeverto, } : Liv. 2, 
 
 24 : v. PRECEDENCE. 
 
 overripe: l^hr.: o. fruit, "pom* 
 quae jam maturitateni excesserunt. 
 
 overrule : P b r. : the magistrate o.d 
 the plea, *magistratus exceptionem lo- 
 cum non habere statuit, cf. Ulp. Dig. 44. 
 2, 18: to o. a decision, 'rem judicalam 
 resclndere; decretura loUere: v. to re- 
 scind. „, 
 
 overruling (i<0)-. P^^-= .*" "■ 
 pruridence, •gubernairix ilia Dei pro- 
 
 videiilia. 
 
 overrun: I. To Aanwj a country 
 bv incursions ; to roam oirr: jwrvagor, 
 i": to o. well nigh the whole gMx. p. bello 
 prope orbem lerrarum, Liv. jB. 17. init. 
 Also simple verb: they were o.mg and 
 rai'aging the Homan terntnry, p..pMla- 
 bundi in agris Komaiiis vagal-autur, 
 Liv. }, 5, ad /in.: Caes. Phr. : to o. a 
 countni for the purpose qf pillaging 
 arui ravaging, prai^dandi vastandique 
 causa se in agros effundere, Caes. B. «.J. 
 5, 19: Liv. II. 1h grow and spread 
 •rver: perh. obsidiMi, sedi, sessum, 2: a 
 marsh o. vntli -jsier-lKds, palus salicti* 
 529
 
 OVERSC RUPULOUS 
 
 OVEHTHROW 
 
 OVERWHELM 
 
 obsessa, Ov. M. 1 1, jbi. See also over- 
 
 IROWN. 
 
 overscrupulous : religiosior ; V. 
 
 ICBUPULOUS. 
 
 oversee : praesum, euro (to have 
 charge of), inspicio (to examine) : v. 
 
 TO SUPERINTEND. 
 
 overseer ; 1. curator Qie who takes 
 charge of : gen. term ) : o. of the Fla- 
 minian highway, c. viae Flaiiiiniae, Cic. 
 Att. I, I ; o. for the repairing of the 
 walls, c. muris reficiendis, id. Oi)t. tien. 
 7> •9- 2. praeseji, idis (esp. the o. or 
 governor of a province) : Suet. Aug. 2 J ; 
 Wg. 3. cust'S, odis, c. ; v. keeper. 
 To be 0. of, praeesse, praepositum esse 
 alicui rei : v. head (Vll., Phr.). 
 
 overshadow : 1. Obumbro, i .■ Ov. 
 Am. 2, 1 6, 10 : Plin. Fig.: to o. a 
 name (throw it into the shade), iiomen 
 ob., Tac. H. 2, J2. Also simple verb, 
 umbro, i : r. to shade. 2. ob.sciiro, 
 
 I : V. TO DARKEN, OBSCDRE. 3. nfl icio, 
 
 feci, feclum, j (to stand in the way <f: 
 with dat.): ct. Cic. N. 1). 2, 19, 49, ipsa 
 umbra terrae soli offlcieiis noctem efficit. 
 Fig.: too. (eclipse) a« y om-'s reputation, 
 alicujus noniini of, Liv. pref. : cf. Veil. 
 2, j6, omnibus omnium gentium viris 
 magnitudine sua inducere caliginem (= 
 to o. them). 
 
 overshoot : fig-: don't 0. the mark, 
 as tltt proverb is, (.') ita fugias ne praeter 
 ca>ani, ler. Ph. 5, j, j (but the i xpr. is 
 a doubtful one) : *ne ultra quam est opus 
 contendas. 
 
 overshot : Ph r. : on o. vheel, *rota 
 quae aqua infra eunte versatur. 
 
 oversight : |, Supei-intendew-e : 
 cura : v. .:are. ||. An omission: 
 
 expr. by praetermitto, negligo, etc.: 
 r. OMI.SSION. Phr.: t>yan 0., per impru- 
 deniiam, Cic. Verr. 2, 2?, 57 (opp. to 
 scienter, de iiidustria, intentionally). 
 
 oversleep (»'•) •■ P h r. : to o. oneself, 
 •diutius quam propositum erat durmire, 
 somno oppressum teneri; in (ad) multam 
 lucem durmire, cf. Hor. Ky. i, 2, jo. 
 (Indormire alicui rei, to go to sleep over 
 a thing.) 
 
 overspread : \. fo sjrread or lay 
 over: 1. induco, xi, ctum. j (with 
 ace. and dat., or as in Etig.) : to 0. a nail 
 with wax, parieti ceram i., I'lin. }j, 7, 
 40 to 0. {cover) shields made of bark 
 ■with skins, scuia ex cortice facta pel- 
 libus i., Caes. B. G. 2, Jj: also with 
 super and ace. of that over which: id. 
 B. C. 2, 10. 2. obduco, J (usu. same 
 constr. as preccd.) : K i g. : to o. a clear 
 subject with nbsc'-ffy, darae rei t*>nebras 
 ob.. Cic. Ac. 2, 6. 16. See also to cover 
 (1., 4, etc.). II. To form, a covering or 
 shade over: expr. by pass, of induco, 
 obdiico, obscuro ; thick clouds 0. the. sky, 
 • coeluiu densis nubibus obscuratur ; 
 coelo densae iiiductae (ubductae) nulies 
 tenebras efficiunt : v. overcast. (" In- 
 ducere ^ollenne de ventis coelnra nubibus 
 obscuraii ibus, simiptumque a piitori- 
 bus." — Gierig ad Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 7.) 
 Phr.: II hm the curtain of night o.s. 
 (the earth), obtenta nocte, Virg. G. i, 
 148. 
 
 overspreading : patuius : cf. Virg. 
 
 E. I, in it. 
 
 overstate: v. to exaggerate. 
 
 overstep: excedo, ggr^dior, j (sviih 
 ace.) ; v. TO exceed. 
 
 OVe' stock (v.) •• Phr.: to 0. a farm, 
 •pecoris Miajurem quam pro agro imme- 
 rum coMiparare . to 0. a shop, •tabernam 
 supra qu:im est opus rebus venulibus 
 instruere. 
 
 overstrained (a^i-) •■ affectatus, ar- 
 
 CeSsitUS V, FAR-FErcHED. 
 
 overt : apenus v. open. 
 
 overta e: |. 'fo come up uith: 
 1. cc.ns6i{Uor. CUIUS, j too. a fugi- 
 tive, fugiinteiii aliqucm c, l^iv. i, 48, 
 med. : t' o. any <ine on a journey, :\\\- 
 quem in itinere c, I'omp. in Cic. Att. 8, 
 12, A Caes. 2. le>s freq., a-secpior, 
 i : Cic. Att. J, ; : I'ac. Someiime= appy. 
 intraiis., the object i;ot being expressed : 
 cf. Liv. 24. 20, iiiit, in Bruttins raptim, 
 .ae Gracchus assequeretur (sc. eiim), 
 concessit. 3. also less freq., persequor, 
 
 i {to follow up): Hor. Od. }. 2, 14: cf. 
 Cic. Kam. j. 6, med., eo discessi»ti quo 
 ego te ne persequi quidem possein xxx 
 diebus (i. e. follow you to the //<«;« u here 
 you are). (N.B. — Not n.inciscor, which 
 is to come upon unexjiectedly, light on.) 
 II, jTo surprise : 1, opprinio, 
 
 pressi, ssum, i: too. any one {"drop 
 down upon him ") unawares, impru- 
 dentem aliquemo., I'sr. Aiidr. i, j, ixtr. : 
 cf. ib. I, 2, 10, oscitaniesopprimi : denth 
 overtook Antonius in the midst of his 
 wrongdoings, Antonium in mediis ejus 
 iiijunis mors oppressu, Ci ^ Verr. i, 91, 
 fiti,: how if ten night overtook him {at 
 his uork), quolies nox oppressit, id. Sen. 
 •4i 49 2. deprgheiido, di, sum, 5 
 
 (esp. of winds, storms, etc.): if {a gale 
 of) nind 0.S any, si quos ventus d.. Curt. 
 7, 4, med. : so absol., o.n by a storm, 
 depiehen-us, Virg. Aen. 5, 52 (for which 
 p^ensu^, Hor. Od. 2. 1 6, 2) : if any one is 
 o.n by a sudden illne.'iS, si qiiem subita 
 deprehenderit val tudo, pseudo-yuint. 
 Decl. 3. siiperveuio, veni, ntum, 4 
 {to ccme upon unt-xpectedly : with dat.) : 
 the calamity oivrtook them in their 
 ignorance, casus (iis) superveiiit ignaris, 
 Curt. 9, 9, ad med. Phr.: to be o.n by 
 a Jit oj illness, morbo corripi, Suet. Caes. 
 4; : she n as immediately u.n by death, 
 mors continuo ipsam occupat, Ter. Andr. 
 
 1, 5, 62 : to fee on in a fault, delinquere 
 paulhim, Hor. S. i, {, 84: more precisely, 
 praeoccupatum esse in aliquo delicto, 
 Vulg. Gal. vi. I (* propter incuriam 
 magis quam consulto peccare). 
 
 overtask: expr. by nimium(laboris) 
 imperare : v. to enjoin. 
 
 overtax : Phr.: to 0. any one, 
 •immodica tributa exiger». ab aliquo : 
 
 V. TO TAX. 
 
 overthrow (''■) •■ I. Ti> throw dovm: 
 
 1. dejicio, Jeci, ctum, j : too. the 
 statues of the men if old, statuas ve- 
 terum hominum d., Cic. Cat. s, 8, 19 ■ 
 Hor. Od. I, 2, 15. 2. everto, ti, sum, 
 ; : to o. a house on its oicner's head, in 
 dominum tecta e., Ov. M. i , 2}i : Or. pro 
 Doui. 40, 10; : V. TO UPSET. (Oftener in 
 sense II.) 3. perverto, t : v. to over- 
 turn. 4. affiigo, xi, ctum, 5 (to dash 
 riolently to the ground) -. to 0. a {se- 
 puli-hral) monumint, nmnumentum a., 
 Cic. Coel. ?2, 78 : to o. a house, domum a.. 
 Or. pro Dom. 40, extr. See also to over- 
 turn. II, 7'o subveit, ruin, destroy : 
 
 1. everto. i : too. states utterly, 
 civitates funditus e., Cic. in Pis. j;, 86 : 
 Virg. : Ov. 2. perve to, } : (to o. com- 
 pletely : in fig. sense) : to shake and o. 
 friendship, justiie. amicitiam, justitiam 
 labelactare atque p., Cic. Fin. j, 21, 70. 
 
 3. subvert©, j (esp. by insidious, 
 underhand attacks) : the house of the 
 t'rassi o.n., sub versa dom us Crassorum, 
 Tac. H. 4, 42 : Nep. Pel. 2. Fig. : 
 rapacity orei threw honesty, avaritia 
 tidem subvertit. Sail Cat. !o. 4. pro- 
 fligo, I (lit. to dash doivn ; hence, to do 
 fatal damage to: see also 111.) to o. a 
 comm(mwealth, rempublicam p., Cic. de 
 Or. J, I, ?. 5. percello, c&li, culsum, 
 } (to deal a violent, fatal bloio to) : to o. 
 {ruin) the amimmitvealth, rempublicam 
 p., Tac. A. 2, J9, init. : Suet 6. eruo, 
 i, Qtum, J {completely to 0. and destroi/) : 
 to o. a kingdom, regnum e., \'iig Aen. 
 
 2, init. ; Veil. : expr. pass, by couciilo, 
 i, ; (to eome to the ground, be o.n): in 
 the year in nhich Cartilage nas o.n^ 
 eiidem anno quo Carthago concidit Veil. 
 I, I J . the authoriti/ if the sen'ile having 
 lieen o.n, quum senatus aucioriias con- 
 cidisset, Cic. Atl. I, 16, j: Virg. llor. : 
 \ . TO KALL. In liki' manmr, pgreo, 4, 
 »•/.: V. TO PERISH. III. Toiinii/uercom- 
 phtely : 1. profligo, i : to 0. and nit 
 til pieces the forces of the enemi/, copias 
 hostium p., occidere, Cic. Ph 14, 14, J7 : 
 Caes. 2. fuado, proiundo, } : v. to 
 ROUT 3. devinco, debello, etc. : v. 
 TO .SUBDUE, coxyui;R. 4. opprliuo, 
 pressi, ssum, ? (to a-uih, uverichelm) : 
 to o. the freedom of the people, libertaiem 
 popiili o., Nep. Ale. J: to o. {put doum) 
 anint lerable domination, intulerandam 
 poieiitiam o., Cic. K. Am. ij, ij. 
 
 overthrow {subs.): rulna ; casus, a. 
 (v. FALL, kuin) ; excidium (v. desteuo 
 
 TION). 
 
 overthrower: eversor: Cic. : virg. 
 
 overthrowing (subs.) .- gversio . 
 
 Quint.: Klor. (Or expr. by verb: v. 
 
 TO OVERTHROW, 11.) 
 
 overtly : apeite : v. openly. 
 
 overtop : 1. siipero, I Virg. Aen. 2, 
 219: Ov. Alsocomp. exsupero, i {lower 
 hii/h above) : Virg. 1. c. 207. 2. siiper- 
 emlneo, 2 (to stand out /rom. amimgst ■ 
 also with ace.) : he o.s all the heroes, 
 viros supereii.inel omnes, ib. 6, 856. 
 Ov. 3. superjacio, jeei, etum, ! (rare 
 in this sense, and implying mntii/n above : 
 w ith cu:c.) : the sea o.s the cliffs with iti 
 wares, pontus scopulos s. unda. Virg. 
 Aen. II, 625. 
 
 overture: I. Proposal: in this 
 sense usu. /jI. : conditio : to make os, 
 ferre conditionem, ut..., Coel. in Cic. 
 Fam. 8, 14, 2 (but the expr. is more de- 
 finite than the Eng., and iisiially denotes 
 o position of advantage on the part of 
 the propose)- ; cf. Cic. I'h. 7. i, 2, scilicet 
 legatos ad eum misimus, non ut pareret 
 . . . sed ut conxiitiones ferret, lege^ im- 
 poneret) : v. terms, condition. To make 
 OS to any one {try to induce to jinn in 
 any sclieme), tentare: cf. Suet. Tib. 12, 
 fin., tentare singulorum animos ad novas 
 res, Suet. Tib. 12, fin. .- Cic: also soUi- 
 citare (to instigate, tempt) : the ambas- 
 sadors of the Allobroges had had o.s made 
 to them by I.entulus, legatos AUobrogum 
 a l.*nlulo esse sollicitatos, Cic. Cat. j, 2, 
 4 : Sail. Sometimes to make o.s may be 
 nearly enough e.\pr. by legatos mittere : 
 e. g. to make o.s for peace, legatos de pace 
 niiitere, Liv. 2, 18, fin. : v. emuassy. 
 II. A musical introduction: *dra 
 matis-musici exordium (Kr.). 
 
 overturn: I. Lit.: l. everto 
 ti, surn, }: to o. a boat, uaviculam e., 
 Cic. de Or. 1, }8, 174: Virg. 2. Per- 
 verto, } {completely) : to 0. trees, shrubs, 
 dwellings, arbusia, virgulta, tecta p., 
 Cic. Div. I, 24, 49: PI. 3. subverto, 
 } {from below) : to overturn mountains, 
 monies s.. Sail. Cat. IJ : Suet. 4. per- 
 cello, cull, culsum, j (in this sense, some- 
 whatarchaic) : v. toiipset. ||, Fig., 
 to ruin -. everto, eruo, percello, etc. ; v. 
 
 TO 0\ ERTHROW. 
 
 overvalue : nimls magni facio, aes- 
 tlmo : V. TO value. 
 
 overweening: insolens, ntis : o.joy, 
 ins. laetiiia, Hor Od. 2, }, { : very o. {pre- 
 sumptuous) ftersons, insolentissimi ho- 
 mines, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 12. Join: 
 in.solens et superbus, Cic. v. haughtv, 
 arrogant. 
 
 overweeningly : insSlenter : Cic. : 
 Caes. 
 
 overweigh : v. to outweigh. 
 
 overwhelm : 1. obruo, ;, Qtum 
 } (lit. and Hg.) o. their sunken ships, 
 submersas ohrue puppes, Virg. Aen. I, 
 69 : to he o.'d witli missiles, telis obrul, 
 id., 2, 411 to be o.'d by the greatness of 
 responsitfility as by a nare, tanquam 
 fluctu, sic magnitudine officii obriii, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. I, 1,1. Join: [crimiuibus, 
 tesiibug] obrui atque opprimi, id. Verr. 
 2. I, 7, extr. 2. opprimo, pressi, 
 
 ssum, J (to rrush, subdue) : to be o.'d by 
 the fall of a chamber, ruina conclavis 
 opprimi, id. hi v. 2, 8. 20: o.'d with, 
 insults, coiitumeliis [opertus alque] op- 
 pressus, id. Verr. 4, ;o. iii o.'d with, 
 dtbt, aere alicncj oppressus, Sail. Cat. 40. 
 3. mergo, si, sum, ; (to plunge; 
 hence fig., to involve in destruction, etc. : 
 chiefly poet )• to o. ami ime if the deep, 
 aliquem aequore m.. Virg. Aen. 6, J43 : 
 to i>. II ith untimely death, funere m. 
 acerbo, ib. 6, 511 Liv.: v. to sink. 
 t omp. submergo, ? : to o. in the deep, 
 pouto s., Virg. Aen. I, 40. Also fig., 
 tenebris s., Claud. 4. coopgrio, rui, 
 rtum, 4 {to cover nhoUy; lit. and fig): 
 v. to (•o\ er. Esp. ill p. pail, (fig.): 
 o.'d ivith sufferings, miseriis coopertus. 
 Sail. Jug. 14; with guilt, flagitiis atque 
 facinoribus c, id. Cat 2 j Cic. And in 
 same sense, less Ireq., opertus: courts 
 o.'d with t7>/ami/,judiciaoperudedecure
 
 OVERWHELMING 
 
 OX 
 
 PACii k; 
 
 atque Infamla, Cic. Clu. 12, 6i. Phr.: 
 to be o.'d II ith grif^f , \n nioerore jacere, 
 id. Att. 10, 4. mrd. ; niuerore affla tuni 
 esse et profllgaium, id. Cat. 2, 1, 2 (»<* 
 also T(> ovKR(,o>iK) to be o.'d witU in- 
 famy, inlamiii flagrare, k1. Att. 4. 18: 
 Hor. 
 overwhelming {onij.)-. cui resist! 
 
 null piiies.1 : v ibkksistibli:. Phr. . rni 
 account of the 0. rvidtnce of Idt guilt, 
 propter vmi .iceleris niamfestl aique de- 
 preheiisi, Cic. Cat. }. 5. 11 : llie cviden'C 
 against them is perfectly 0., •lestinuniiis 
 quaui inaxime mjult'e>lls obrutl oppres- 
 si tenentur, cf. < 'ic. V'err. z, i, "). extr. 
 
 overwhelmingly : cf. precid. artt. 
 
 overwork (. ■) ■ expr. by "supra 
 quiui] virt-s paiiuiitur: v. to work. 
 
 overwork {subs.) .• labor immOdlcus, 
 nimius: v. hxck^sivk. 
 
 overwrought : elibOi atm : Cic. Or. 
 15,84. Join: iirce.ssituset plabnratus. 
 Quint. 12, K, 40. An o. diction, 'uratlo 
 molesta quadaiu diligeutia cuucinnata : 
 
 cf. TO OVKBDO. 
 
 overzealoas : nlmis stiidiosus ; v. 
 
 ZEALOUS. 
 
 oviparous; oviparus: Apui. 
 
 owe: ilebeo, 2 (gen. term): to o. 
 money for anything, pecuuiaui pro 
 aliqua re d., Cic. PLi. 2, 29, 71 : to pay 
 the debts you 0., dissolvere quae debt-s, 
 Ter. Ph. 4, j, 51. Kig. : to one any 
 one gratitude, gratiam alicui d., Cic. Ph. 
 2, 1 1, 27 : to a great deal to any one, 
 alicui plurimum d., Caes. B, G. 5, 27. 
 See also indebtkd. P h r. to 0. numey, 
 in aere alleno esse, aere alieiio laborare, 
 etc. (v. 15KUT) . to aclcnouiedge that one 
 0.S wmetlUng to some o/nr, alicui aliquid 
 acceptuni reterre. Cic. Phil. 2, 5, extr.: 
 I o.d him nothing (uos under no obli- 
 gation), obligatus ei nihil eram, id. Fam. 
 6, II. 
 
 owing, to be : I. L i t- : pa«s. of 
 
 dSbeo, 2 : monty which it 0. me from an 
 exchange, pecunia quae mihi ex pennu- 
 tatione debeiur, Cic. Fam. J. 5, 2 : v. to 
 owB. Phr. : baliince of accounts o., 
 reliqua, orum : id. Att. 16, }. ||, Fig., 
 to be due to any one's instrumentality : 
 Chr. : it uas 0. to the gew^rals, not the 
 men, that they were not victorious, per 
 duces, non per milites stetisse ne viii- 
 cerent, Liv. }, 61, init. : also, per (me) 
 Ktetli quomfhus. . .,Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 16 
 (an idiom confined to negative conse- 
 quences): it is o. to you ue have con- 
 quered, •tibi victoriam ascribimus, ac- 
 ceptam referimus; quod vicimus, tuum 
 eat. 
 
 owing to (.P'fp) •• propter, etc. : v. 
 account (HI.). 
 
 owl; 1. bQbo, onis, m. (cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 462) ; the ill-omened o., b. fune- 
 reus, Ov. M. ic, 45$; profaniis. ib. 6, 
 4?2; funebrls et maxime abominatus, 
 Plin. 10, 12, i5 : sinister, Lucan 5, J96 ): 
 Virg. (Strix bubo. Linn.) 2. strix, 
 Igis,/. : Ov F. 6, ng: I'lin. 11, jg, 95. 
 3, iilula: Virg. E. 8, 55: Plin. 10, 
 12, 16. 4. nociua (peril, the short- 
 eared 0., •strix brachyotus) ■ the o. em- 
 ploys her evening note, seros exercet 11. 
 cantus, Virg. G. i, 40} : the o. noisy in 
 rainy weather, n. in imhre garrula, 
 Plin. i3, J5, 87: cf. id. 10, 12, i^>, where 
 bubo, noctua, ulula are mentioned to- 
 gether. (N.B. Reserve bubo for places 
 where the bird is treated as an evU 
 omen: elsewhere, noctua and ulula are 
 best fitted for verse, and strix for prose; 
 the specific differences being no lonpe. 
 traceable with certainty.) 
 
 owlet : uliila V. OWL. 
 
 own {c'j) ■ always preceded by 
 my, thy, his, our, your, their, or some 
 other possessive word ; 1. expr. by 
 gen. of ipse : u-ith my, his, o. hand, mea, 
 ■ua ipsius manu: with titeir o. blood, eo- 
 rum ipsonim sanguine, Cic. Man. 11, }o, 
 ct pass. Also the pron. ipse freq. stands 
 In apposition with subject, instead of 
 being put in (len. -. he cut ofT his o. legs, 
 •ipse sua crura amputavit (not sua 
 Ipsius crura) : fur ruU'> applying to such 
 cases, conip. himski.k. 2. w-hen a 
 contrast giveri promluence to the pron. 
 
 adj., mens, tuus, suus, etc. are suflBclently 
 eu,phaiic without any addition- e. g. fo 
 dejend the iTi(«/ej>(» uf titeir allies, not 
 their o. homes, soclnrum tununas, non 
 sua tecta deiendere, Cic. Man. 12, init.: 
 grasping « hat beUmged to others ; lavish 
 of his I'., aiieni app'tens, sut prolusus. 
 Sail. Cat. 5 3. tlje j/ron. adj. is 
 
 sometimes strengthened by suBixes, 
 -met, -pie : by mij o. fault, meamet 
 (rare and archaic) culpa, I'l. Poen. I, ;, 
 J*; : on my 0. cucoui't, meapte causa, 
 Ter. Heaut. 4, }, 8 so, nostrapte culpa, 
 Id. i'h. 5,2, I. Ibis kind of emphasis 
 is most ciimmon in suus; e. g. hilled by 
 his o. hand, suaple manu Interlectus, 
 Cic. de Or. j, }, 10: iu t'leir ovn vay, 
 suopte more. Sail. Jug. ji. (N.B.— The 
 prim. adj. i> idiomatically strengthened 
 bydativus ethicus sibi : I cut this man's 
 throat tirith his o. svord, suo sibi hunc 
 glaciio jugulo, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, }?.) 4, 
 proprius (one's own); olt. with pron. 
 a/ij. meus, tuus, etc. . aU that was (pe- 
 culiarly) our 0., omnia quae nostra erant 
 propria, Cic. P. Am. 52, mit. Also 
 without pron. adj., where the context 
 implies iiossession : three estates are 
 handed over to Capito as his o., trla 
 praedia Capltoni p. traduntur, lb. 8, 21. 
 5. peculiaris, e ('/ one's 0. private 
 property : strictly, in the case of persons 
 not sui Juris): to get anything on one's 
 0. private account, aliquid p. nomine 
 apprehender( [de filio], Ulp. Dig. 41, 2, 
 4 : his 0. private slaves, servi p., Suet. 
 Caes. 76. 
 
 own (w) •■ I. ^o possess : 1. 
 tgneo, ul, ntum, 2 (a general and some- 
 what vague expr.) : a madman is inca- 
 pacitated from oing property, furlosus 
 affectionem tenendl non babet, Paul. 
 Dig. 41, 2, 1 ^ ! : to o. as private pro- 
 perty (>trictly of persons not sui juri>), 
 peciiliariter t., lb } 5 : all that rich 
 Acliaemeves o.'d, quae tenuit dives A., 
 Hor. Od. 2, 12, 21. 2. possideo, sedi, 
 sessum, 2 (strictly to hold or be in occu- 
 pation, whether with ounership or not : 
 cf. Gal. 2, 49, where stolen goods, res 
 furtivae, and things iLron^uUy pos- 
 sessed, res vi possessae, are classed to- 
 gether: also used by ordinary writers in 
 gen. sense); v. to POSSf;ss. Phr.; he 
 II ho o.s property, qui dominus est, Gai. 
 Inst. 2,61: if he 0. a slave, si in bonis 
 ejus sit servus, ib. 1 , 54 : / amsiiler I 
 continue, to o., though not (actually) to 
 possess, ego dominium me retineie puto, 
 possessionem non puto, Ulp. l)ig. 41, 2, 
 U, init. (Legal.). ||. To acknoiv- 
 
 ledge: fateor, contlteor, 2 : v. to con- 
 FKS,s. I'hr. : to o. the sovereignty of, 
 (imperio) parere, dicto audlentem esse, 
 etc. ; v. to obky ; subject (be). 
 
 owner : 1. dominus (projnietor ; 
 whethn- in actual possession or not) : 
 Gai. Inst. 2, 61 : Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 4J. (In 
 common prose, chiefly with the lead- 
 ing notion of authority: v. mastf.r, 
 lord.) 2. possessor (strictly, the ac- 
 tual holder; with or without proper 
 ounership) : v. possessor. 3. expr. 
 by verb : qui tenet, dominium aliciijus 
 rei tenet (legal), etc.: v. to own, 
 ownership. 
 
 ownership ; dominium (legal) : 0. of 
 property has its beginning in natural 
 occupation, d. rerum ex naturall pos- 
 sessione coepit, Paul. Dig. 41, 2, 1 } 1 : 
 cf. ib. Ulp. 41, 2, I?, init., where it is 
 stated that dominium may survive after 
 loss of pos-sessio, as in the ca.se of a sunk 
 cargo of stone. Phr.: to acquire the o. 
 of anything, aliquid peculiari nomine 
 apprehendere, Ulp. 41. 2, 4 (of persons 
 nut sui juris). 
 
 OX : 1. IxJS, bdvis, c. : to plough 
 nidi heavy oxen, bubus gravibus arare, 
 Varr. R. R. i, 20: to graze oxen, b. 
 pa.scere. Col. 6, } : Ihe pass, being used 
 of the oxen grazing or feeding, ib. : to 
 serve out food to oxen, bohus pabula 
 dispensare, ib. : the care of oxen, cura 
 boum, Virg. G. i, inif. 2, collect, 
 bubulum piScus. oris : in the case of 
 oxen (■•neatcattk"), in b. pecore, Varr. 
 2, I, med. 
 
 ox-herd ; (pastor) armentarins : v 
 
 NKAT-HtRD. 
 
 OX-hide : cfirlum bubulum : cf. PL 
 Po«n. I, I, II. hags of 0., uires bubali, 
 Phil. 6, 29, }4 !j 176. Als<j, lergua 
 taurlnum, Virg. Aen. 1, j68 ; tergum 
 bovls, Ov. M. 14, 225 ; V. Hii>K. 
 
 oxidize : v, to rust. 
 
 ox-lip : 'primula (elatior) . Webster. 
 
 ox-Stall : 1. bubile. is, n. : Cato 
 R. R. 4: Col. 2. biabulum (boum): 
 Col. 6, 2! ; Tall. : v. .stall. 
 
 oxygen : 'oxyggnium : as t. t. (Kr.). 
 
 OXytOne: 'oxy tonus M. L. Or by 
 ,-irtuml., *(vox) ciyus syllaba ultima 
 acutum tonum habet; acuio luno sig- 
 natur. 
 
 Oyez ; perb. hoc agite ! PI. As. prol. 
 I. (Kavele Unguis is suitable only to 
 religious ceremonies.) 
 
 oyster ; osirCa : o.-beds or preserves, 
 osirearum vivaria, I'lln. 9, 54, 79. Less 
 freq. osireum, i : Hor. S. 2, 4. }}. (0»- 
 trea edulis, Linn.) t'ertaining to oj, 
 oyster-, ostrearlus : Plin. : whence, os- 
 trearium, an o.-bed, Plin. 9, 51, 74 J 
 160 : yielding or abounding in o.s, 
 ostrifer, Virg. G. 1, 207 : ostreosu*. 
 Cat. 
 
 shell ! ostreae (ostrci) testa • 
 
 Plin }2, 6, 2( $ 65. 
 
 wife; •mulier ostrearia; mu 
 
 lier quae ostreas venditat. 
 
 P. 
 
 PABULUM ; allmentum. pabulum 
 (strictly /ood of animals : also fig. 
 of tliat which nourishes the mind): 
 V. food. 
 
 pace {subs.) : I. A step : passu*, 
 us; gradus, lis: v. step. ||. A mea- 
 sure of length; five (Ronum) feet, 
 passus, us: Plin. 2, 2}, 21: Caes.: Cic. 
 Most used in counting miles (millia 
 passuum) ; v. milk. |||. .Manner of 
 walking ; esp. in regard of celerity. 1. 
 gradus, lis: at a quiet leisurely p.. 
 quieto et placido g., Phaedr. 2, ■, 6 at 
 full p. (^cfuich march), pleno gradii, Liv. 
 4, n, ad fin.; citato g (o degree more 
 rapid), id.. 28, M, ad fin. : at a sUady 
 p., presso g., ib. : to mend the p. (march 
 more rapidly), addere g.. Id. 26, 9. mtd. : 
 snail's p. (lit. tortoise's), testudinis g., 
 PI. Aul. I, I, 10. 2. etpr. by passus, 
 lis: to 10am. with leisurely p. along the 
 shore, per litora It-ntis p. spatlarl, Ov. >L 
 2, 57 J : at an old woman's p., aiilU p., 
 ib. u, 5JJ. Phr.: to keep p. with 
 each other, pariter ire, cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 
 205 : also, pariter excurrere, Cic. Or. 
 51, 17c (of Oyle keeping p. with subject 
 matter). 
 
 pace (>'•)•• I. In trans. : 1. 
 spatior, I (to xvalk about, not going in 
 any particular direction) : to p. up and 
 down in a prrtico, in xysto s^ Clc. C>pl. 
 Gen. J, 8 ; the crowps solitary on Uie dry 
 sand, cornix sola In sicca s. arena, N'irg. 
 G. 1, jSg: cf. pace, subs. (111., 2). 2. 
 incedo, ssi, ssum, J (to go with a mea- 
 sured, statet y gait) -. V. TO STALK, phr.; 
 to p. steadily along, •composllo ire 
 gradu, cl.Virg. G. ?, 191. ||. Trans : 
 To get over ground by pacing : perh. 
 calco, I : you hare p.d more ground than 
 any drudging muleteer, plura Icca cul- 
 casti quam ullus perpetuarius mulio. Sen. 
 Apoc. 6, 2. Less coUoq. pedibus obeo, 4. 
 irr.: v.totravel. |||. AlsoTrans.- 
 to measure off distance by paces : 'gradi- 
 bus s. passibus emetior: v. TO mea- 
 sure. 
 
 pacer : P<""h. equus gradarius, LuciL 
 in .Non. 17, 25. 
 
 pacha : v. pasha. 
 
 pacific : I. -"Suited to bt^ng about 
 peace, peace-making : 1. pacificus 
 n p. character, p. persona (opp. belbtorj, 
 Cic. .\tt. 8, 12. meit: Lucan. 2- pa- 
 cificatorius (v. rare) : a p. embas.'y. le- 
 gatio p., Cic. Ph. 1 2, 1, extr. 3. pficifer, 
 Sra, erum (poel ): the p. olive, oliva p. 
 Virg. Aen. 8, 116: Ov. (More usu. expr. 
 
 sn
 
 PACI FIC A LL Y 
 
 PAGE 
 
 PAINS 
 
 by pax : e. g. to have p. intentions, paci 
 studere ; paois studiosum esse ; pads 
 conciliaiidae studiosum esse ; pacis com- 
 positioiiisque amatorem esse, etc. : v. 
 PEACE.) II. Tranquil, of a peaceful 
 nature, pacatus, tianquillus: v. rEACH- 
 
 FUL. 
 
 pacifically : expr. by circuml., these 
 tribes were not at all p. inclined, *apud 
 has gentes nibil hospitale pacatunive 
 erat, cf. Liv. 21, 20, med.: *bis gentibus 
 animi niininie ad pacem inclinabantur ; 
 
 V. PEACE, I'EACEFLL. 
 
 pacification : 1. pacillcatio {the 
 Ininging about of peace) : Cic. Att. ■;, 8, 
 med.: (jell. 2. compositio: Join: 
 pax, Concordia, compositio, Cic. Ph. 2. 10, 
 fin. (Or expr. by verb: accustomed to 
 the umk of p., aversos solitus cum- 
 ponere amicos, Hor. S. i, 5, 29; perso- 
 nam pacificam gerere solitus, cf. Cic. 
 Att. 8, 12, med. ; pacis, concordiae, coru- 
 positioiiis amicus, cf. id. Ph. 2, 10, fin., 
 etc.) 
 
 pacificator : pacificator : Cic. Att. 
 1, ij: Liv. 
 
 pacificatory paclficatorius : v. pa- 
 cific. 
 
 pacify: i.e. to quiet, appease: 1. 
 placo, I (to soothe or soften do'in any 
 one's anger) : to p. the urath of the gods 
 by gifts, p. donis iram deonim. Vet. Lex 
 m Qc. l^g. 2, 9, 22: to p. (propitiate) 
 the immortal gods, numen dtorum im- 
 mortalium p., Caes. B. G. 6, 16 to be- 
 come p.'d towards any one, animo pla- 
 cari in uliquem, Nep. Pel. 5. Fig.: to 
 p. the angry stomach, ventrem ira- 
 tum p., Hur. S. 2, 8, 5: Mart. 2. 
 eedo, I (to cause to settle donn, assuage, 
 appease) : to kindle or p. popular excite- 
 ment, popuii impetum incendere, sedare, 
 
 Cic. Leg. J, 10, 24: V. TO AFPKASE (2). 
 
 (N.B.— Sedo is not well used with a per- 
 sonal object : express instead the emo- 
 tion which is assuaged.) 3. lenio, 4 
 (to calm doii-n) : to p. any one's anger, 
 aliq\iem iratuni 1., Cic. Att. 6, 2. I : to p. 
 a ravenous appetite, stumaclium latran- 
 tem 1., Hor. S. 2, 2. 18. (N.B.-Leni.., 
 strictly, denotes abatement, not perfect 
 appeasing of angei .) 4. compono, j 
 (to bring together, restore amity be- 
 tween) : V. TO RECONCILK. 
 
 pack (subs.) : 1. A bundle : sar- 
 cina (esp. the pack or bundle carried by 
 a soldier): Caes.: Liv. Also in non- 
 milit. sense, Hor. Kp. i, 1 }, 6 (s. cbar- 
 tae). Dimin. sarcinula (a :>miM p.). 
 Cell. 19, 1 , med. Belonging to, carrying 
 a p., sarcinarius, sarciiialis : v. pack- 
 HORSE. II. Of hounds: Phr. : to keep 
 a p. of hounds, canes ad venandum aUre, 
 Ter. Aiidr. I, I, jo: to take a p. of 
 hounds to the chase, veiiatiim diicere 
 canes, PI. St. I, J, 82. |||. Ofmtn (con- 
 temptuously) : perh. turba: v. throng 
 Stronger, colliivio, onis; coUiivies, ei 
 (lit. refuse washed togethtr) : ct. Cic. 
 Vat. 9, 2J, coUuvio X^rasi, Drusus's con- 
 temptible p. Also grex, which howevi r 
 has no contemptuous sense in itself; 
 or manus : cf. Cic. Att. i, 16, i, quos 
 impetus ... in totam illam manum feci I 
 on all that p. '. But these are all less 
 colloq. than Eng. |V. Uf cards- : 
 
 *charlae lusoriae. 
 
 pack ("•)■• I, To put together in a 
 parcel ; usu. to p. up ■ 1, componu, 
 posui, itum, ) : p. up what is to go nith 
 you, compone quae tecum simul feran- 
 tur, Ter. Hec. 4, I, 5. PI. Mil. 4, 7, 21. 
 Also— to p. up and put away: p. up 
 tho.ie sa-ious hof^'cs, trisies istos compone 
 libellos, Prop, i, 9, I J. 2. colligo, 
 legi, ctum, } {lo gather together) : esp 
 in milit. phr., vasa c, to pack up bag- 
 gage, Cic. Verr. 4, 19, init. (whence the 
 phr. vasa conclaniare, to raise the cry 
 for packing up, Caes. B. C. I, 66) : also 
 in noii-milit. sense: to p. up my lug- 
 gage before depiartiug from, life, sarcinas 
 c. antequam proficiscar e vita, Varr. R. 
 R. init. 3. alligo, I (to tie up) : tee 
 are just noxv p.ing up our luggage, jam 
 Barcin\ilas alligamus, Plin. Ep. 4, 1, 2. 
 II, To comjrress : arto (coarto) 
 Stipo, etc. ; V TO CROWD. |||. 'Jo send 
 
 off unceremoniously: perh. detrudo, si, 
 sum, J cf. PI. Aul. 2, 5, 9, huccine de- 
 trusti me ad senem parcissimum ? have 
 you p.'d me off to this old miser's 1' v. 
 TO THRUST OFF. In ihis sense, esp as 
 V. refl. or intrans. : p. yourselves off '. 
 bine vos amolimini ! Ter. Andr. 4, 2. 
 2;. See also TO GET RID OF. IV. To 
 fm-m a jury by unfair selection: perh. 
 *judices per calumniam eligere; judi- 
 cium calumnia Judicum eligendorum 
 corrumpere- so with ref. to meetings: 
 the promoters of the scheme p.'d the 
 meeting, *per speciem coetus publici, 
 consilii ejus auctores nonnisi suos ho- 
 mines (suam turbam) congregabant. 
 
 package: 1. sarcina; di mi«. sar- 
 cinula (o sviall p.): V. pack (1.). 2. 
 fasciculus : v. jacket. 
 
 packet : I. Parcel : fasciciilus : a 
 p. of letters, f. epistolarum, Cic. Att. 2, 
 ij: Hor. See also pack (L> ||. A 
 dispatih vessel: navis tabellaria: Sen. 
 Ep. 77, init 
 
 pack-cloth: perh. segestre, is, n.: 
 Suet. : V. Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 horse : 1. jumentum (any 
 
 beast of burden) : more precisely, ju- 
 menium sarcinarium, Caes. B. C. 1, 81. 
 2. agBiinalis fiquus (rare) : Dig. 50, 
 4, 18 } 21. 3. perh.clitellarius equus: 
 V. foil. art. 
 
 saddle : clitellae, arum ; Hor. S. 
 
 I, 5, 47 ; Phaedr. Having to do with a p., 
 clitellarius: an ass carrying a p., asinus 
 clitellarius, Cato R. R. 10, init. 
 
 tliread: Unea: v. string. Or 
 
 fiinlciilus (a small cord), Plin. 17, 21, 
 }S i 166. 
 
 pad (subs.) : i. e. for filling out : 
 perh. pulvinus (lit. cushion): or, favtura 
 (filling up, stuffing): a term used liy 
 Vitr. of the filling up of the inta-ior of a 
 thick wall, 2, 8. 7. 
 
 pad (v.) : P h r. : to p. o coat, *ves- 
 tinienium lana inducta snbtersternere. 
 See also to stuff. 
 
 padding (subs.): perh. fartiira: v. 
 PAD (subs.). 
 
 paddle (subs.) .- i. e. a broad, short 
 kind of oar: perh. *remus brevior la- 
 tiorque ; remus curtus (R. and A.). 
 
 paddle (''•)• I . T r a n s., to 2>ro2)el 
 with a paddle : nearest word, impt-llo : 
 V. TO BOW. ]|, Intrans., to play in 
 the water with the hands: •manibus 
 aquam ludendo agitare. 
 
 paddle-box : * (navigii) rotae im- 
 pulsoi iae opertoriuni (.?). 
 
 wheel : *rota impulsoria (.') ; 
 
 rota quae remigii loco adhibetur. 
 
 paddock : septum : v. enclosure. 
 
 padlock : *s6ra pensilis, Jan. (in Ivr.). 
 
 paean : paean, anis, m. : Virg. : 
 Prop. (Or by circuml., to sing the p., 
 *carmen victoriae causa tullere:) 
 
 paeon : paeon, onis, m. : Quint. 
 
 pagan (subs. ),- paganus (late) usu. 
 pi.: Aug. (•' deorum falsoruni multo- 
 i-umque cultores paganos vocamus." — 
 Retract. 2, 4?): Isid. 8, 10 : Hier. : v. 
 heathen, idolater. 
 
 pagan (adj.) .• paganus : p. rites and 
 ceremonies, ritus cultusque p.. Cod. 
 Theod. See also heathen (adj.). 
 
 paganism : paganitas (v. rare) : Cod. 
 Theod. (Bitter expr. by pagani or 
 ethnici, oruiu : the rdigious of p., »pa- 
 ganorum s. ethnicorum superstitiones). 
 
 page (subs.) : I. ('f a book, etc. : 
 
 pagina- to fill a p. (irith tiriting), p. 
 complere, Cic. Att. ij, 54- M. L. ||. 
 A boy in attendance, esp. at court : 
 
 1, puer, eri (also in gen. sense = 
 attendant, slave) : royal p.s (of the kings 
 of .Vacedon), regii p., Liv. 45, 6, med. : 
 more precisely, nobiles pueri custudiae 
 corporis [regis] assueti. Curt. 10, 5, med. 
 
 2. (later) paedagogianus (puer) : 
 Amm. 26, 6, med. : Cod. I'heod. (Hence 
 the modem word.) Collectively, a com- 
 pany of p.s., paedagogium (strictly the 
 part of a house occupied by them) : cf. 
 Uierig ad Plin. Ep. 7. 27, u: also Tac. 
 A. 15, 69, delecta juveniub..,. decora 
 servitia. 
 
 page ("•) i to p. a honk, libri (codiris) 
 pagiiiis aumeros a^icrlbere. 
 
 pageant : I. ^ grand shmv : 1. 
 spectacQlmn ■ v. show 2. pompa 
 
 (a grand procession) : v. procession. 
 II, Anything shoicy, without duro/- 
 bility : perh. spgcies (oft. = appearanr 
 without reality) : cf. species aique poa 
 pa, Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 294. 
 
 pageantry: species atque pompa, 
 appariitus : v. pomp, displat. 
 
 paging (subs.) : *paginaruin ordo s. 
 ratio. 
 
 pagoda : * aedes sacra Indica qualis 
 pagoda dicitur. 
 
 pail : hama, siliila (-us) : v. bucket. 
 
 pain (s"t'S) •■ \, Bodily suffering: 
 dolor (most gen. term) : bodily p., d. cor- 
 poris. Lucr. 4, 1075. Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 16; 
 to suffer frjm intense p., sumuiis <* 
 premi, Cic. 1. c. : to bear p., d. ferre, ib. z. 
 10, init. : to be overcome by p., dolore 
 frangi, debilitari, ib. 2, IJ, ;i; when the 
 fiercest fits of p. come on, dolorumquum 
 adnioventur laces, id. Off. 2, 10, 37. 
 Phr.: to be in p., dolcre : oft. of parts 
 of the body ( = to ache), Cic. Tusc. 2, 
 19, 44 : also, condolescere (rare except in 
 perf. tenses) r his side caused him (great) 
 p. as he was speaking, condoluisse latus 
 ei dicenti, Cic. de Or. }, 2, 6 (see also 
 painful). To suffer excruciating ji., 
 incredibiles cruciatus et indignlssima 
 tormenia pati, Plin. Ep. I, 12, 6. ||. 
 Mental distress : dSlor, aegritudo, aii- 
 gor: V. grief, anguish. |||, Penalty: 
 q. V. IV. Trouble, effort ; in this 
 sense usu. pi. : v. pains. 
 
 pain (v.) : I. Bodily : expr. by 
 doleo, 2 : v. TO ache. ( Impers. use, 
 mihi dolet [= doleo]. itps me. archaic.) 
 II. Mentally: expr. by dolore atlicere, 
 dolorem alicui facere, etc. v, to grieve. 
 Phr.: to be p.'d at anything, dolenter 
 aliquid fcrre, Plin Kp. i, 5, 4: so, to 
 be p.'d to say a thing, dolenter aUquid 
 dicere, Cic. Ph. 8, 7, 22. 
 
 painful: |. Lit.: (a.) causing; 
 
 pain: expr. by dolor, crticiatus, etc.: 
 to be extremely p. (of an abscess), 
 dolores magnos niovcre, Cels. 7, 12, 5 . 
 it (the pimple) is mo> e p. tlian might be 
 expected from its size, dolor ex ea (pus- 
 tula) supra magnitudinem est. ib. 5. 28. 
 15: a disease which is both dangerous 
 and very p., *morbus qui cum periculo 
 summos etiam dolores hubet: to bear 
 in a manly way the most p. malady. 
 *valetudinis cruciatus summos ac tor- 
 menia viriliter terre. (b.) feeling pain, 
 attended with pain : expr. by d61eo (to 
 be p.: V. to ACHE), indolescere (to ^rou) 
 p.), condolescere (to be in great pain): 
 the last rare except in perf. tenses, to 
 become increasingly p., niagis mdo- 
 lescere, Cels. 5, 28, 11 : ifjoot or tooth 
 be p., si pes condoluit, si dens, [si tactuni 
 dolore corpus], Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52. 
 (N.B. — Not acerbus; which is fig.: v. 
 infr.) \\. Afflictiie, distressing : 1, 
 HCPibus (bitter, trying) : p. recollection , 
 a. memoria. Cic. PI. 41, 99 in p. circum- 
 stances, in rebus a., Lucr. j, 54. 2. 
 expr. by dolor, moeror, aegrJiudo, etc. ; 
 what could be more p. than this / * hoc 
 quid potest acriorem animo liolorem 
 afferre.? v. grief. |||. iMborious : 
 op^rosus, diligens : v. laborious. 
 
 painfully : I. ii"'** pai7i : *cum 
 
 (niagno, summo) dolore : v. pain. ||, 
 So as to cause painful emotion : dol- 
 enter. to be p. aff'ectedby any one's d^ath. 
 monealicujusd. affici. Pin. K^.<),().init. 
 Or expr. by dolore afficere. dolorem 
 (cruciatumqueanirai) alicui afferre, etc. . 
 V. GRIEF, DI&TRE.SS. |||, Laboriously : 
 operose . v. laboriously. Or perh. niol- 
 esle (taking more pains than needful) : 
 cf. Suet. Auc. 86, moleste scribere, to 
 write painfully accurately, urith painful 
 accuracy. 
 
 painfulness : e^pr. by dolor : v. 
 pain. Id fig. sense, acerbitas : Cic. Fam. 
 5, 16, init. 
 
 painless: sine dolore, doloris expers: 
 V. w ithout. 
 
 pains : i- e. exertion, endeavour : 
 opkra. (effort, lal>our , collectively): esp. 
 in phr., dare operam, to take all possible 
 p. : loll, by ut and (of negative purposes;
 
 PA INST AKING 
 
 PALE 
 
 PALISA^I^G 
 
 ne- Cic. Alt. i6, i6 (U.i operam, iit va- 
 leas): Cacs. B.C. i. 5 (deiii o. coiisules 
 nequid rc»p. ciftrimenti capiat) : with 
 dat. of substantive object = to occupy 
 oneself about anything: e.g. dare ope- 
 ram Viilfitudini, lo attend to health, take 
 exercise constitutionally: Cic. do Or. i, 
 Jin. AI.-0 Willi other verbs: e. g. ope- 
 ram [et hiborcm] consiimcre in allqua 
 re, to bestoir p, and lulxiur on it, id. 
 de Or. 1, ??, 2i4; operuni [sludiunique] 
 in aliqiuiiii rem coiiliTie, id. Off. i, 6. 19. 
 Ph r. to titke {yrtat) p. about anything, 
 elaborare (constr. wiih sulij., in with 
 ahl. or le.ss freq. ace , and in later 
 authors infm. : also ab.sol.) : to take p. 
 not to damage a case, e. ul ne quid 
 causae obsis, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, Jin. : to 
 take p. over anything, e. in allqua re, 
 ib. I, ?, 9 : yulnt. See also to exekt 
 (II.), STKIVK ; and troubi.k (subs.^. 
 painstaking {adj.): iipSrosus. se- 
 
 dulus : V. I.MIliSTBIOOS, LAHOBIOUS. 
 
 paint ("•)■• A. Trans.: |, To 
 represent by colours, to adiirn by means 
 of them: pingo, nxi, ctum, }: to p. pic- 
 tures, tabulas p., Cic. Inv. 2, init. : to p. 
 the likeness of a man, hominis .'ipeciem 
 p., id. de Or. 2, 16, 69 : also, p. Alexan- 
 druni, to p. {the iiortrait of) Alexander, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, 2J9. Comps. (1). dCpiiigo, 
 } (.sune sense) : to p. the Ijattle of Ma- 
 rathon, pugnam Marathoniam d., Nep. 
 Milt. 6: Quint. (2). e.xpingo, {(rare): 
 Plin. j;, 7, }i. I'll r. ; top. in ettcaustic, 
 picturas iimrere, I'lin. I. c. ||. To 
 colour : 1. indQco, xi, ctum, i (to lay 
 or smear over) : originally with the subs. 
 for paitU, colour, expressed : cf. Hor. A. H. 
 2, varies inducere colores: Plin. J5, 6, 
 26, ovo inducero purpurissuin, i. e. to lay 
 on puiple II ith nhiteofegy: alsoabsol. : 
 nmvadays whole vmlls an- p.'d, nunc loti 
 parietPS indiicuiitur, Vitr. 7, ;, fm. (as 
 distinguished Irom the true, decorative 
 art, L c. ^ 2, sqq.) : to p. the tvalls of a 
 house vith vermilion, parietes niiiiio i., 
 id. 7, 9, 2. Vitr. also uses the constr. of 
 ace. and dat. : cf. supr. 2. f'lco, l : 
 p.'d boards, lucatae colore tabulae, Tac. 
 A. 2, 14: Hor. Ksp. to p. the face {use 
 cosin/tiA:s): Quint. 8, prel. $ 19. 3. 
 expingo, j : top. the cheeks, genas ex., 
 Marl. 7, 8}: Tert. (N.B.—K.\polio in- 
 cludes the whole of decoratire art : cf. 
 Vitr. 7, 9, 2.) III. Fig.: to represent 
 as if 11 ith colours ; to depict : 1. 
 pingo, depingo, j : the theme which I am 
 ■wont top. with varied colouttng in my 
 own siKeclies, locus quem ego varie meis 
 oratlonibus soleo p., Cic. Att. I, 14, 4 : 
 to p. any tme.\<! life and character, vlfcun 
 alUujus dei)iiigere. id. R. Am. 27, 74: 
 to p. any frtv in his true colours, *alicujus 
 Tltani mon sque >uiscoloribusexpingere. 
 2. expiimo, describo, j : v. to uf- 
 
 SCKIBE, RKFKI-SKNT. B. IntrUhS. 
 
 I, To execute pl"tures : pingo, J: 
 his daughter also p.'d, ciijus filia et ip>a 
 pinxit, Plin. j?, 9, j; $ 59 (nsu. betier 
 expr. tabulas). ||. 'to use cohjur : 
 
 Phr. : colorem luco meiitirl, Quint. 2, 
 15, 2; ; genas expingere. Mart. . v. supr. 
 (11) 
 
 paint (s«''S.) ■• 1. pigmentum (ari!/ 
 colouring motter): Cic. l)iv. 1, ij, 2J. 
 Pliu. 2. fucus {red colouring matter ; 
 e.sp. as cosmttii): Quint. 2, 15, 25: Hor.: 
 Plin. 3. vcncnum(poet.): Ov II. Am. 
 3^1 (= cosmetic): Hor. 4. nifdica- 
 mentum ('nlouring matter : rare) to 
 tue vermilion asap., m. minio uii, Vitr 
 7, 5, 8 : Sen. {= cosmetic). Also mfdi- 
 camen, niis, n. (mostly poet.) : a face 
 bedaubed with p., facies medicaniine 
 altrita, IVlr. \2h Ov. 5. {black p. 
 or laniish) atriimpntum : Vitr. 7, 10, 1 : 
 Plin. 6. color, oris (colouring matter, 
 vhether in its native state or prepared 
 for use) : Vitr. 7, 6, sqq. P h r. : to lay a 
 coat of red p. on a ivtUI, parietem minio 
 (rubiica) inducere ; parieti minium (ru- 
 bricam) inducere: ct. Vitr. 7, 9, 2. 
 
 paint-brush : penlcillus . Cic. Q. Fr. 
 2, 1 ;. med. 
 
 painter : I. Artistic : pictor, m. : 
 Hor. A. I'. I ; Cic. : Plin. To be a p., 
 pingere (se. tabulas), I'lin. J5, 9, ?5 } 59. 
 
 II. House p.: expr. by iiiduco, j: 
 
 v. TO PAJNT (11.). 
 
 painting: I. Tlte art: pictura: 
 Cic. de Dr. 2, 16. 69: concerning tlie 
 origin of p., de initiis picturue, I'llii. J5, 
 ;, ; : the ait and theory of p., ars ra- 
 tioque picturae, Cic. de Ur. j. 7, 26. 
 A'ncuiiStic p., ars picturas inuiendi : v. 
 KNCAUSTic. II. Apu-ture: labiila (la- 
 bella), pictiira : v. mctubk. 
 
 pair {suos.) : 1. par, paris, n. : 
 three or four p.s of friends, tria aul 
 quattuor p. amicoruni, Cic. Am. 4. 15: 
 a noble p. of brotlwrs {Uonical), p. nubile 
 fratrum, Hor. S. 2. }, 24} : a ;>. of doves, 
 p. colunibarum, Ov. M. i j, 8u. 2. 
 expr. by bini, ae, a (where two things 
 of the same kind go Uigether): a p. of 
 riips, bini scyphi, Cic. V'err. 4, 14, 42: 
 \'irg. (N.B. — Only when a single p. is 
 spoken of.) In like niannpr, geniiiii, 
 ggmelli : a p. of trijmls, gemini tripodes, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 625: cf. Hor. S. 2, i, 244. 
 pravornni amore gemellum, i. e. a per- 
 \fect p. in love of vice. 3. conjugium 
 j {'f male and female : rare): they mostly 
 iixiruirr in p.s, coiyugla ferme vagantur, 
 Plin. 8, 2?, JJ. 4. niariii, oriiin {man 
 and ivife) : a young p. {newly married 
 couple), novt m., Apul. M. 8, p. 15?. 
 
 pair ("■)■• I. I THUS., to bi-ing to- 
 gellier in couples : 1. Jutigo, con- 
 jungo, J : V. TO JOIN. 2. gCmino, i ; 
 to p. serpents witit birds, serpentes 
 avibus g., Hor. A. P. l}. 3. compo- 
 uo, posui, iium, } (esp. with a view to 
 a combat . to match combatants) ; 
 Quint. 2, 17, J?: I.ucil. in Cic. ||. 
 I n t r a n s., to be united sexually : 1. 
 maritor, i: Plin. 16. 25, J9 ■ cf. Varr. 
 R. R. 2, 9. mi;d. (But maritari may 
 be used of animals which have ]>ro- 
 miscuous intercourse.) 2. coeo, 4, 
 
 irr. (to have sexual intercourse) : Plin. 
 10, 5 J, 74, etc. (More precisely, "cer- 
 tis conjugiis maritari s. coire; doves do 
 not have indiscriminate congress, but 
 p., *coUimbae non promiscue coeunt sed 
 singulis maritaiitur.) 
 
 pairing {subs.): 1. coitus, us 
 
 (sexual congress): Plin. 2. (poet.) 
 HymOnaei: cf. Virg. li. ?, 60. Phr.: 
 .•iome birds have no definite p.-time. 
 quaedam aves nullo certo tempore anni 
 coeunt, cf Plin. 10, ;}, 74. 
 
 palace: 1. rggia (sc. domus) : the 
 palace of the sun r. soils, Ov. M. 2, i : 
 Cic. : Liv. Also aedes regiae : Cic. Tusc. 
 5, 21, init. 2. Iialalium (strictly, the 
 hill on which Augustus had his p. ; 
 hence, esp. in pi., the palace itself, and 
 by anal., the p. of any great potentate, 
 p.iet.): the p. of the vast sky, magiii 
 palatia coeli, Ov. M. i. 176: Apul. 
 (N.B.— Mart, has the first syll. long: 
 I. 70, 5, etc.) 3. aula (esp. poet.): 
 a p. that exp'ses its possessor to envy. a. 
 invidenda. Hur. Od. 2. 10, 8: v. coukt. 
 
 paladin : *eques errans. 
 
 palanquin: lectica ludica: V. I.IT- 
 
 TKK. 
 
 palatable: 1. sapldus: Apul.: 
 Apic. : V. SAVOiRV. 2. hOni siici 
 
 (succi): Hor. S. 2, 4, II. So, to be less 
 p. than, suco cedere (with dat.), ib. 70 : 
 not at all p.. suco ingratus, Ov. Hal. 10 {. 
 3. jiicundus, suavis (agreeable to 
 the palate): Hor.; v. nick (111). For 
 fig. sense, v. acrkeabi.e, i'LHasant. 
 
 palatal : *p«liitalis, e: Gram. t. t. 
 
 palate : piilatum or -us: Cic. Fin. 2. 
 8, 24 (palati/s) : meton., a discrimi- 
 nating p., subtile p., Hor. S. 2, 8, i8. 
 I For fig. sense, see also tastk. 
 
 palatial: PXI""- hy legius: cf. Hor. 
 Od. 2, 1 5, 1, moles r., i. e. massy, pala- 
 \ tial piles. A p. mansion, •domus regiae 
 instar. 
 
 palatine {adj.) : •palatinus (in cla.ss. 
 \^\.. = apfiertaining to the t'alatium) : 
 counti/ p., Vomitatns palatinus. (N.B. 
 —Mart, has first syll. long. 8, !9, etc.) 
 
 palaver (subs.) .• nugac, arum ; vanus 
 sermo, iti . : v. konsknsk, talk. 
 
 palaver ('')•• perh- nugor, i: cf. Cic. 
 Div. 2, I J, init. 
 
 pale (subs.) : I. A stake : palus. 
 vallus: V. stakf ||. Limit: perh 
 
 pomocrium (ponuTium; . strictly, a 
 narrow ffoee encircling and bounding 
 a city : Varr. L. L. 5, J2, 14? used fig. 
 Varr. R. K., i. 2, med. (minore p. ali- 
 quam rem tinire). Or limes, Itls, w. 
 (a tioundary wall) : Tac. G 29, extr. : v 
 KOtTNDARV. |||. Enclosed lerriOny 
 fines, ium, m. ; v. TF.BBitoBy. 
 
 pale (v.): I, To surround urith 
 pales: pvilis cingo, sSpio : v. to si:it- 
 KuusK. II. in trans., lo yield in 
 brilliancy to: 1. cede, dScCdo, } (the 
 latter less freq. than simple verb : but 
 see Hor. Od. 2, 6. 15): v. ro yield. 
 2. otocuror, i (as pass, rejl., to 
 appear dark or unimportant in r<nii- 
 parisun) : the glory of the cmquernr p.t 
 before that of him, *prae illiu-i gloria 
 obscuratur (et quasi Interit) vicii>ruiii 
 fama nomenque. cf. Cic. Fin. 4, 12, li. 
 See also to diji. 
 
 pale {adj.) . I. Pallid : 1. pal- 
 lidus : Hor.: Ov. Poet, of that uhiih 
 makes p. : hence, p. death, p. mors, 
 Hor. Od. I, 4, 1}. To Uok p., palleo, 
 2 : Cic. : Ov. : Jut. ■ with imyrf. 
 part, as adj. : (poet.) p. shades |ial- 
 lent<-s umbrae, Virg. Aen. 4. 26 l.ucr. . 
 Ov. 2. liiridus (dewily p., corpse- 
 like) : Hor. Ov. : v ghastly. 3. 
 exsanguis, e (bloodless, perfectly paU : 
 poet, in piesent sense) : p. (wiUt fare 
 blanched) vith fear, exsanguis met 11, 
 Ov. M. 9, 224: Virg. 4. albus (ot 
 the person, p. from sickness, fatigue, 
 etc.) : p. body (in dropsy), a. corpu\ 
 Hor. Od. 2, 2, I! : p. frcmi city duties, 
 urbanis albus in officiis. Mart. 1,55, extr. 
 5. decdlor, oris (haring l<ist ilr 
 proper hue or brilliancy) : v. disco 
 LOlRKD. II. Faint, dim of hue : 1. 
 pallidus : the very p.est of the stars. 
 stellae quae sunt omnium pnllidis.>iinia', 
 Plin. 1, 25, 22. 2. pa liens, ntis 
 
 (chiefly poet.) : p. violets, p. violae, Virg. 
 K. 2, 47 : a p. green stone, gemma e 
 viridi pallens, Plin. J7, 8^ Ji : Ov. 3. 
 a.s epith. of colours, dilfitus: v. faint 
 (II.). As epith. of colours, may some- 
 times be expr. by prelix sub- : e.g. of a 
 p. green, subviridis; of a p. red, snb- 
 rufus, etc. 
 
 pale, to grow <'r become : 1. 
 
 pallesci), pallui, ? ; to iinm p. oirr caret, 
 curis p., Prop. 1, u, 7 : xrith imirjor life, 
 umbraiica vita p., Quuit. 1,2. 18. Ctomps. 
 (I), expallesco. } (to^o ji wTi/p.) : Ov. : 
 Plin. mill. (2). ImjiaUesco. } (to turn 
 p. at or over anything: rare): to grom: 
 p. over Vie midnight sheet, noctumis imp. 
 chartis, Pers. 5, 62: Stat. 2. exal- 
 besco, alhui, } (to turn quite white) : Cic. 
 Ac. 2, 15, 48 
 
 pale-eyed : *pallens ocuios. 
 
 paleness, pallor : 1. pallor 
 Cic. : Hor. : icy p., gelidus p., Ov. Tr. 1. 
 4, I J. 2- lufo'' (ghastly p.: very 
 rare): Luor. 4, JJ4: Apul. (Or by cir- 
 cuml. pallidus .';. luridus color : v. pale). 
 
 paleography: I'hr. : sk-iiied in p., 
 
 ♦aiitiquaruni s. priscanim litterarum 
 notaruni peritus, ct. Cic. J)iv. 2. 41, 85 ; 
 •antiquae scribndi rationi.s perilus. 
 (Palaeographia, quae nunc dicitur.) 
 
 palfrey ; *equus qui frenis ducltur . 
 in nnxlem sense, "equus (caballus) 
 mulieri vehendae aptns. 
 
 palimpsest : piilimpsestus, i, m. : 
 Cic. Fam. 7, 18, med. 
 
 paling: v. palisade. 
 
 palinode: pMinodia to Hng a p. 
 (fig. to recant), p. canrre, Macr. S. 7, J. 
 init. (Also Cic, but in Gk. diaraclers.^ 
 
 palisade : 1 sepimentum isaep- • 
 palls statiitis factum tuvo-Ze" paling) : 
 Varr. K. H. 1. M (.sepimentum —fence 
 in gen. sense). 2. vallum cmi7itorj/ . 
 consisting of stakes [vallij mounted on 
 an agger):" to surround a tomi n-ith 
 trench and p. (siege-norks). oppidun, 
 fossa et vallo cmg-ro, Cic. Att. 5, 20, 
 med. : Caes. : I.lv. The masc. form val- 
 lus (as collect., cf. 1.. G. i 59f) also 
 occurs in same .sense. Caes. B. C. i, ')!. 
 init. (N.B. — Valli, as distinguished 
 from pali. are stakes or palisading used 
 fur militarv purposes.) 
 
 palisading : ' e. materiaUfor pah- 
 5)i
 
 P AUSH 
 
 PAN 
 
 PANIC 
 
 sades: vallus (collect.): Cic. Tusc. 2, 
 16, i7 (ferre vallum, to carry p.) ; Liv. 
 
 palish : 1. paiiidalus ; Cat. 2. 
 
 Bubpallidus . Cels. 
 
 pall (subs.) : I. A mantU of dig- 
 nity : palla : tke stately p. (of tragedy), 
 p. hontsta, Hor. A. P. 278. ||. For 
 funerals : pallium : to cover a bier vHth 
 a p., lectum funebrem contegere pallio, 
 Apul. 
 
 pall (v-) ■• i. e. to become sickening : 
 expr. by lastidium, satietas: cf.Cic.de 
 Or. J, 2;, 98, quae maxiine sensus ini- 
 pellunt voluptate, . . . ab lis celerrime 
 fastidio qiioiiam et satietate abalienamtir, 
 i. e. they pall upon us : no pleasure which 
 does not p. iiith repetition, nulla volup- 
 tas quae non assiduitate fastidium pa- 
 riat, Plin. 12, 17, 40 • so. satietatem et 
 f. ferre, yuint. 5, 14, io. See also to 
 
 SATIATE. 
 
 palladium : I. An image of 
 Pallas : Palladium : Virg. Aen. 2, 166. 
 II, F i g.. that which gives security : 
 expr. by circuml., cf. Cic. Pli. 11, 10, 24, 
 ut id sianum, ccelo delapsum . . . quo 
 salvo, salvi sumuB fuluri, i. e. the p. of 
 cur safety (see the place). Sometimes 
 vindex (avenger,naintainer) may serve : 
 cf. Cic. Leg. i. IT, jg, where the ballot 
 is spoken of as, quasi vindex libertalis, 
 " as it were the p. of freedom." 
 
 pallet: I. -^ low bed: grabatus: 
 Cic. Div. 2, 6j, 129. II. A painter's 
 p. (palette) ■ perh. discus pigmentarius 
 (Kr.). 
 
 palliate : P h r. : to p. a crime, 
 •verbis sceleris atrocitatem extenuare, 
 lenire: cf Cic. Verr. 5,40, loi (crimen 
 ex., to abate the strength oj an accu- 
 ssii^m) : Sail. Jug. 27 (atrocitatem facti 
 lenire, to soften it down) ; though they 
 could not justify tliemseloes altogether, 
 theu sought to p. their conduct, *quum 
 sese ex toto purgare non possent, atta- 
 men exciisando delicta extenuare cona- 
 bantur. See also to excuse, excul- 
 pate ; pretext. 
 
 palliation : expr. by verb : V. to 
 
 •"ALLI.VTE. 
 
 palliative (subs ) .- perh. lenimen- 
 tum : Tac. H. 2. 67. (Usu. expr. by 
 verb : that may act as a p. of the evil 
 not as a complete remedy, *ea res malum 
 mitigare quidem possit, nullo modo 
 autem toUere: v. to mitigate, alle- 
 viate.) 
 
 pallid : v. pale. 
 
 pallor : ^- paleness. 
 
 palm (subs.) : I. The flat part of 
 the harul : palma : Cic. : Virg. : Cels. 
 The exteiided p., raanus plana (flat 
 hand). Sen. Ep. 56. i. (Vola, the hotloiu 
 of the sole, in persons not flat-fnotci.) 
 II, A lineal measure, four digits : 
 palmus (i of a cubit; p. minor): Vitr. 
 i, I, 7 (p. major = Gk. <nn.9a.^Lri, a spati). 
 Adj. palmaris, ofap.'s breOiWi: Varr. : 
 Col. III. 7/ie7j-ee : palnia : Caes. B. C. 
 i, 105: Plin. (•Phoenix dactylifera, 
 Linn.) | V, A branch of the p-tree ; 
 esp. OS token of victory : palnia : a gla- 
 diator who has non many a p., pluri- 
 marum p. gladiator, Cic. R. Am. 6, 17 : 
 to give the p. to any one, p. allcui dare, 
 id. de Or. j, j;, 145 ; delerre, ib. 2. 56, 
 227 : to bear the p. aiiay (be the best), 
 p. ferre, Varr. K. R. ?, 16, ad med. 
 Adj. palmaris (palmarius, Ter.), bear- 
 ing or worthy to bear tlie p. : Cic. N. D. 
 1, 8, 20. 
 
 palm (w) •■ usu. to palm off; i. e. to 
 impose something upon any one by de- 
 ception: expr. by impono, suppono, ! 
 (the latter implying substitution of 
 one thing for aiuilher) : we have p.' d 
 ourselves off upon thepeople for orators, 
 populo imposuimits et oratores visi 
 sumus, Cic. in yuint. 8, 6, 20 (v. to im- 
 pose upon) : (the 7-ascal) who p.'d off 
 this fellow upon us, qui hunc supposuit 
 nobis, Ter. Eun. 5, j, 2. 
 
 palmary : palmaris, e : Cic. N. D. i, 
 8, 20. 
 
 palmate : palmatus (uorked or em- 
 brvidered with palms) : the p. tunic, 
 tunica p., Liv. }o, is.^n. : Mart. 
 514 
 
 palmer : *<iui religionls causa loca 
 sacra obiit. 
 
 palmer-worm : *6riica (caterpil- 
 lar) : Oul. : Plin. 
 
 palmistry ; *vaticinandi genus ma- 
 nuum p almis inspectis factum. (* Chi- 
 romantia; Gk. xeipofi-avrda..) 
 
 palm-oil . *oleum ex palmarum baca 
 factum. 
 
 palm-tree : v. palm (in.). 
 
 palmy : expr. by floreo, 2 : in the p. 
 days of Sicily, tunc quum Sicilia florebat 
 opibus et copiis, Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 46: 
 those were the p. days if liwuan elo- 
 quence, *tunc temporis in f.istigiu stetit 
 eloquentia Romana : cf. Quint. 12, i. 20 ; 
 *eo tempore praecipua eloquentiae laude 
 Roma excellebat. 
 
 palpable : I. Perceptible to the 
 
 touch : 1. tractabilis, e : bodily, vi- 
 sible, p., corporeum, aspectabile, tr., 
 Cic. Tim. 4, med. : Vulg. Hebr. xii. 18. 
 2. tactilis, e (extr. rare) : Lucr. 5, 
 152. 3. palpabilis, e (not class.): 
 darkness thick and p., tenebrae crassi- 
 tudine palpabiles. Ores. (Forcell.) ||. 
 Gross, easily detected: manifestus: cf. 
 Cic. Verr. Act. i, 16, 48, ejusmodi res, 
 ita notas, ita testatas, ita magnas, ita 
 manifestos. ... "so gross and p." : v. 
 GLARING. III. Plain, obvious : apertus, 
 manifestus: v. manifest, evident. 
 
 palpably: mamlesto: Cic. Cat. j, 2, 
 
 4 (m. deprehendi) : PUn. Also mani- 
 feste : Apul. 
 
 palpitate : 1. palplto, i (to move 
 with a quick tremulous motion; natu- 
 rally or unnaturally) : 10 p. so fast (of 
 the heart), tam moblliter p., Cic. N. D. 
 2, 9, 24 : half -alive andp.ing (quivering), 
 semianimis palpitansque. Suet. Tib. 61, 
 med. 2, sSilio, ii and ui, Itum, 4 (to 
 throb, as the heart naturally does) : 
 Join: satire atque palpitare, Plin. 10, 
 
 5 J, 74: Ov. M. 10, 289. See also to 
 THROB. 3. mico, ui, I (like salio, 
 denoting the natural action of the 
 heart) : Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24 : also with 
 ref. to the effect of fear, metn m., Ov. F. 
 }, j6 (so salio : PI. Cas. 2, 6, 62). In 
 same sense, emico ; Veil. (To denote 
 abnormal palpitation, use circuml., 
 • nimia agitatione palpitare ; celerius 
 quam oportet palpitare, micare.) 
 
 palpitation : palpitatii. (cordis) : i. e. 
 the natural pulsation of the heart : 
 Plin. J2. 5, 18. To suffer from, p. of the 
 heart, 'immodica cordis palpitatioiie 
 laborare. Also palpitatus, lis • Plin. 
 
 palsied : par&iyticus ; v. PAKaLvnc, 
 paralysis. 
 
 palsy : paralysis, is,/. ; v. paralysis. 
 
 palter: terglversor, i : v.TO shuffle. 
 
 palterer : tergiversator : v. trick- 
 steic, shuffler. 
 
 paltriness: expr. by od;.: v. paltry. 
 
 paltry: 1. vllis, e: rwthingsop. 
 or common, nihil tam v. neque tam vul- 
 gare, Cic. R. Am. 26, 71 : a p. as, vile 
 as, Hor. S. i, i, 4;. 2. miniitus (insig- 
 nificant) : V. PETTY', trifling. P h r. : 
 a p. fellow, homo minimi pretii, homo 
 nihili: cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4: PL See 
 also good-for-nothing. 
 
 pampas: 'loca campestria extentis- 
 sima quaepanipai appellaniur. 
 
 pamper : [nimium] iudulgeo, si, tum, 
 2 (with dat.) : V. to indulge. Phr. : 
 I have p.'d (and spoiled) you, nimis te 
 habui delicaium, PI. Men. 1, 2, 10: to p. 
 the appetite, gulae parere (servire), Hor. 
 S. 2, 7, III : a p.'d menial, *servus nimia 
 indulgentia coutumax atque insolens. 
 
 pamphlet : Ubellus (^any small 
 work) : v. book. 
 
 pamphleteer : *iibeiiorum scriptor. 
 
 pan : I. a vessel .- patina (a broad 
 open vessel ; a stew-pan : also, for 
 serving up in) : Ter. Ad. J, j, 74 : Cic. : 
 Plin. Special terms: a/'rynig'-j5.,sartago, 
 fretale (v. frying-pan): also Irixorium 
 (v. rare), Plin. Val. : a choflng-p., batillus, 
 Hor. S. I, 5, i6: afoot-p., pelluvium or 
 -a. Fest. II. The cavity in the joint 
 of a bone ; acetabulum : v. socket. 
 III. Knee-pan : patella ; Cels. 8, i, 
 post med. | V. OJ a gun : *alve61us 
 (Danetus in Kr.) ; •receptaculum pul- 
 
 veris pyrii (Georg.); * scutula unde 
 pulvis pyrius in telo ignifero accenditur 
 (Kr.). 1' h r. : to make a mere flash in 
 the p., fumum ex fulgore dare, Hor. 
 A. P. 14J. 
 
 panacea : panchrestum mgdlcamen- 
 tum (.tig): Cic. Verr. }. 65, 152: Plin. 
 (Panacea, name of a plant, heal-all.) 
 Or expr. by omnibus morbis mederi • 
 
 V. TO HEAL. 
 
 paneake : *laganum ex ovo frictum 
 (The ordinary Roman laganum was a 
 plain cake prepared with oil : cf. Cels. 
 8, 7./".) 
 
 pandect : in pi , pandectae, arum, 
 m. ; digesta, orum ; the pandects : 
 Justin. Ep. in pref. Dig. (quinqu.iginta 
 Digestnrum seu Pandectarum libri) 
 
 pander (subs ) -. leno, onis . per- 
 
 ductor : v. PROCURER. 
 
 pander ("•) •• lenoclnor, I (strictly, 
 tx> play the part of a procurer to : with 
 dat.) : Join: servire, lenocinari, Cic. 
 Verr. Div. 15, 48 (said of a parasite and 
 flatterer). Phr.: to p. to any one's evU 
 passions, *alicui ad libidinem facem 
 praeferre, Cic. Cat. i, 6, ij: or without 
 a metaphor, 'alicujus libidini minisirum 
 adjutiiremque se praebere ; alicujus 
 libidini inservire. 
 
 pandering rs"b*0 •■ lenocinium (the 
 trade of a procurer) : Suet. : I Hg. 
 
 panditi pundit : (* homo) Brach- 
 
 mannicarum literarum peritus ; litte- 
 rator £. grammaticus Brachmannicus. 
 pane : i- e. of glass -. *quadra vitrea : 
 
 V. SQUARE. 
 
 panegyric : 1. laudatio • the act 
 of praising (v. eulogy) ; and esp. a 
 eulogy deliiered at a funeral, a funeral 
 oration : Cic. Sen. 4, 12 : (.juint. 2. 
 p4negyricus (a eulogistic speech deli- 
 vered on a grand occasion) : tjuint. 2, 
 10. 11: Plin. min. (title of oration): 
 Cic. (who uses the word simply as title 
 of the fanwics oration of Isocrales). 
 
 3. in less exact sense, laus, laudes : 
 V. PRAISE. Phr.: to pronounce a p. 
 upon any one, (magnitice) aliquem Ian- 
 dare, Cic. Br. 7}, init. : this was more 
 than the most laboured p., •majug hoc fuit 
 insigniustiue laudibus accuratlssimii. 
 
 paueoyrist : 1. panegyrista, ae, m. 
 (rare) . o.d. 2. in gf"- sense, laudator, 
 f. -trix (one who praises) : Cic. : Hor. 
 Also specially, one who delivers a fu- 
 neral oration: Liv. 2, ^'],fin.: I'lin. 
 min. 3. praedicator (one who pub- 
 licly proclaims) : Plin. Ep 7, }}, 2 : Cic 
 
 4. buiclniitor (trumpeter): Cic. fil 
 in Cic. Fam. 16, 21. 
 
 panel («"''*•) ■ |. of a door.- tym- 
 panum: Vitr. 4, 6, ad fin. ||. i.J a 
 wall or ceiling : \. tabiila (?) : cf. Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 55, 122, pugna equestris Aga- 
 thoclis regis in tabulis picta, i. e. (appa- 
 rently) painted on p.s : see the place. 
 2. lacunar, aris,n.: also in pJ. of 2nd 
 decl. (collect, a ceiling wrought with p.t 
 of an ornamental nature) : he nas the 
 first to paint the p.s of ceilings, primus 
 "lacunaria pinxit, Plin. J5, 11, 40} 124: 
 Vitr. In same sense, laquear, aris, n. : 
 Virg. Aen. i, 726; Plin. 
 
 panel ("■)•• laciino, I (rare): Ov. M. 
 8, 56J : V. foil. art. 
 
 paneled: laqueatus: Cic. Verr. i, 51, 
 init. : Suet. A p. ceiling, laciiiiar, la- 
 quear, aris, n. : v. panel, subs. (II.). 
 
 pang : Phr.: to be regardless of 
 bodily p.s, dolorum stimulos contemnere, 
 Cic. I'usc. 2, 27, 66 : to inflict a p., sti- 
 mulos (sc. doloris) adhibere, Lucr. }, 
 I0J2 ; s. admovere, Cic. Tusc. }, 16. 
 J5 ; when the p.s weie fiercest, quum 
 quasi faces ei dolorum admoverentur, ib. 
 2, 25, fin. Specially, the p.s of child- 
 birth : dolores : the labour p.s are just 
 beginning, modo d. occipiunt (incip.) 
 primulum, Ter. Ad. J, i, 2 : they abate, 
 d. remittunt (quippiam), id. Hec. }, 2, 
 14. See also pain. 
 
 panic (c^j-) •• •panicus: v. foil. art. 
 
 panic (subs.) : I. Sudden fear : 
 
 1, •panicus (qui dicimr) terror: v. 
 
 Forcell. s. v. (Cic. writes the adj. as Gk. : 
 
 scis enim dici quaedara Trartica, dlci item 
 
 Ta Kffa 70O TToAeMov, i.e. empty panict:
 
 P A N 1 C S T R L C K 
 
 I' A R A 1> K 
 
 PARALYSIS 
 
 the Greeks ascribing such to I'an : so 
 HyR. Astr. 2, 28, [objecitj bostibus ter- 
 rorem qui tranicbt appellatur) Wy ttCMib. 
 In Kr. 2. pure Lat. pavor : caiise- 
 
 Ifss p. sinzed the army of AUxauUer, 
 Alixamlri exercitiini p. cujus causa non 
 subrrat, invasit, Curt. 4. 12, m":*/.; they 
 u:ere all seized tvilh sut/i a p., tantus 
 terror p.que onines octupavii, l.iv. 24, 
 40, med. : more sironi^ly, veliit lynipua- 
 ticus p., id. 10, 28, med. : (a nvuda) 
 against p., omrsifoniMiueA tfrroresque, 
 Plin. 28, 8. 29. 3. terror (unj/jo-ums 
 ala)~m) : suuh a sud/ien p. tvas cauifi, 
 tantus repente i. iiivasit. I'aes. B. C. i. 
 14. init. ; so, tanius terror Incidlt exer- 
 citui, ib. J, ij: c(. supr (1): v. aLakm, 
 TKKROK. Ph r. tlity caui^d a p. in Vie 
 Hitman armi/ by tlieir extraordinary 
 appearance, milltem Komanum iiisueta 
 turbaveruiit specie. Liv. •;. f],inU. Se« 
 also foil. art. ||. A kind oj grain: 
 paiiicum: Caes. B. C. 2, 22: Plln. 
 panicstruck : pavMus : Tac. A. 2, 
 
 2J : 1-iv. To be p., pavere: t>all. Jug. 
 106. Comp. also Liv. i, i-;, init., velut 
 lymphali et altoniti (as if bereft of 
 reason, totally p.), muninieutis suis 
 trepido agmiue inciderunt. 
 
 pannier : '" p'-. clitellae, arum {load- 
 ing both fides of tite heaat) : f'haedr. i, 
 15,8: Hor. See also BASKKT. 
 
 panoply ; navoTrKiia quam Graecl 
 dicunt. See also armour. 
 
 panorama : P h r. : the panorama is 
 very eite;isu'«,*un>lique longis.sime oculi 
 conspectuni lerunt, cf. Liv. i, 18, attain. ; 
 •undique prospecius latissime patei : v. 
 PROSi'ECT, viKW. (.N'.B. — By no means 
 panorama, which is without authority 
 inGk.) 
 
 pansy : *viola tricolor, Linn. (R. A.) 
 
 pant ("•)•" I. Lit.: anhelo, i: to 
 fiveat and p , sudare atque a.. Col. }, 2 : 
 top. undei- the (weight (f the) share, sub 
 vomere a., Ov. F. 2, 29; : Cic. See also 
 TO PALPITATE. ||. F i g. : perh. ges- 
 tio, 4 (to dtstre eagerly, so as not to be 
 able to control oneself) : J p. to leave the 
 side of the rich, divitum partes linquere 
 gestio, Hor. Od. }, 16, 24: Cic. To p. 
 after, pevh. sitire, cuncupiscere; v. to 
 
 LONG AFTER, THIRST FOR. (AnhelO Is 
 
 not used fig.) v. panting. 
 
 pantaloon : perh. * mimus quem 
 Italici^i.to/o7!em appellant. 
 
 pantheism: *pantheismus : asphil. 
 i. t. Or by tircuml., •ratio eorum qui 
 mundum s. universam renim naturam 
 Deuni esse ciinteiidunt : ratio eorum 
 qui omnem vim diviuam in universa 
 natura siiam esse censent, Kr. (e Cic). 
 
 pantheist : 'pantheista, asphil. 1. 1. 
 (I erh. b-tter, •qui ratioiiem pantbeisti- 
 caiii tuetur; qui I)eum non alium esse 
 contendit qu.im rerum naturam.) 
 
 pantheistic : *pantlieisiUus : as 
 phil. t. t. 
 
 panther : panthera : Cic. Fam. 2, 
 II, 2. 
 
 pantile : imbrex, icis, m. ; less freq. 
 f. {fen- carrying off uater) : Col. 2, 2 : 
 Virg. 
 
 panting (<Ky) ■• I. Hreathing 
 
 hard : 1. anbelus : p. steeds, a. equi, 
 Virg. G. I, 250: Ov. So, cursus a., p. 
 course, Ov. AL 11, J4'j. 2. anhelans, 
 ntis poet. In Cic. N. D. 2. 44. ||, 
 Quivering u-ith life: tremens, palpitans : 
 V. yiivKRiNO. 
 
 panting («"'«) ■• 1. anhelitus, us : 
 to cause p., anhelitus movere, Cic. Off. i, 
 j6, ijl ; Hor. 2. anhelatio: Plin. 
 
 9. 7. (>■ 
 
 pantingly : espr. by part. : to 
 follow p., aiihelantem sequi : r. to 
 
 PANT. 
 
 pantomime : tnlmns (a mimic play, 
 OT farce) ■ to act (in a) p., minium agere. 
 Suet. Caes. ?9 Cic: Ov. (Pantomimus, 
 rare: Plin. 7, 5?. S4) 
 
 pantomimist : 1. mimus {actor 
 in a mime »/ farce): Cic. de Or. 2, 59. 
 fin. 2. panlOmimus: Suet. Aug. 45, 
 fin.: MaT 
 
 pantry : 1. cella pCnaria : Cic. 
 
 Verr. 2. 2, 2, fin. : Ulp. Dip. )}. 9, J i 8 
 (oella denoting a store-room for provi- 
 
 sions or produce generally : whence, 
 cella vinaria,olearia, etc.). 2. proniptu- 
 arium : Apul. M. i, p. 17 Also cella 
 pioMiptuaria, id. (Armarium primiptu- 
 ariiim, Caio R. U. 11, appears t<j be a 
 store-chest or cupboard: panarium, Plin. 
 Kp. 1, 6. } = biead-basket.) 
 
 pap : I. -Vi/)p/»-, trreasl : papilla, 
 
 mamilla. v. nipple. ||, Infants' 
 
 foo>i: puis, pultis : Varr. L. L. 5. 22, 
 105 Cic. {iiTictly p</rridge rather tlian 
 pop; being ace. to Varr. 1. c. the original 
 fare of Italy, prior to bread : more pre- 
 cisely expr. Lug. by circuml., *panis 
 aqua fervida nioUltUs s. maceratus.) 
 
 papa: paler: V. FATHER. 
 
 papacy: 'papiiius, us: M. L. 
 
 papal: 1. l>ontif kius : p. indul- 
 aences, p. iiidulnentiae : Krasni. Coil. ii. 
 276. 2 •papalis,-e: M. L. (See aUo 
 
 PONTIFICAL.) 
 
 paper {subs.) .- |. Hatetial for 
 
 writing: chana, ae, /. ; fine, smooth p. 
 {for uiitiiig </)i),ch. denlala, Cic. y. Fr. 
 2, 1 5, 6 ; to make p. out if papyrus, c. 
 e.\ papyro praeparare, Plin. 1?, 12, 2}: 
 common ut Jine p., c. plebeia, principalis, 
 ib. : lOugh p. Jor shopkeeping pu)po.^es, 
 c emporitfca. ib. : lett^ir p , c epislolaris, 
 Mart. 14. 10, lem. (Stiictly, p. made 
 from the papyrus ; but applicable 10 avy 
 ordinary maternal for uriting on.) 
 iJimin. chariula. a piece of p. : Cic. Fam. 
 7, 18, nieii. .diAtei (i/"p.,scida (scheda): 
 Plin. I J, 12, 24. Cic. Att. i, 20, fin. 
 (Papyrus only lor the plant, in prose.) 
 II. Any document : 1. charta 
 
 (melon., as in Kng.) : Cic. Coel. 17, 40 
 (chartae = »cripta, libri) • Mart. 2. 
 libellus (including even a single sheet, 
 complete in itself ) : v. book, treatise, 
 BILL (L). Also liber (cf. Hor. S i, 10, 
 6j, capsis lihristiue ambustus, burnt 
 u ith his desk, papers and all), and in pi., 
 scripta.orum ; v. writings. |||, Neivs- 
 paptnr : acta (diuma) : v. joubxal, 
 
 NEWSPAPER. 
 
 paper {o^j) •■ 1. chartaceus {made 
 of paper): p. books, c. codices, Ulp. Dig. 
 J2. 52. 2. chartarius {relating to 
 
 paper): p. factories, officinae c, Plin. 
 18, 10, 19 } 8v. 3. charteus {made of 
 paper): p. goods {books), c. supellex, 
 Aus. Ep. 10, 40. 
 
 paper ("■) •• •charts vestio, 4 : v. to 
 HAKG (A. IV.). 
 
 maker : chartarius {maker or 
 
 dealer) .- Diom. 
 
 making : (chartae) confectura 
 
 (confectio) : Plin. ij. 11, 2}. 
 
 - manufactory ; (chartae) offi- 
 
 cina: Plin. i {, 12. 2}. 
 
 money : *syn(rraphae publicae. 
 
 papist : •papatus fautor, siudiosus ; 
 papista quem nostrates appellant 
 
 pa istical : papislJcus, quemad- 
 modum dicunt. 
 
 papyrus : papyrus, i, /. ; pipyruni. 
 i.7i. ; Mart. 10, 97 (papyrus /.). Lucan : 
 Juv.: Plin. IJ. II, 22 (papyruni). JIade 
 "J P-> papyraceus ; Plin. : belonging to 
 p., p.ipy rius, Aus. : yielding or producing 
 the p., papyrifer (e. g. anuiis), Ov. M. 15, 
 
 IS!- 
 par: Phr. : at p., par, pans: v. 
 
 EQLAL. 
 
 parable : parabCla ; also -e, -es : 
 Quint. 8, ;, 7" (= comparison, analogy) : 
 he spoke many things to thmi in pj, 
 locutus est eis muUa in paiatjolis, V'ulg. 
 Matt. xiii. }. See also figure (111.), 
 
 SIMILE. 
 
 parabolical : P h r. : in a p. man- 
 
 ne)-, jKiiaiolually, *per siniilitudines; 
 parabola adhibita; per translaiioiiem; 
 V. fii.irative; parable. ( I 'arabolice, 
 adv., Si.l.) 
 
 paraclete : pSracletus: Vulg. Job. 
 xiv. 16. 
 
 parade {subs.). : |. Military evo- 
 lutions : dCcursus, decursio : v. e\ olu 
 TioN. II Display. 1. apparatus, us 
 Hor. Od. I, ?8. I {pi): cf. Cic Off. 1, 8. 
 25, delectant etiam nuignifici apparatus 
 vitaeque cultus cum elegantia et copla 
 (i.e. grand outuard display of furni- 
 ture, equipages, Jrc). 2. ambitio, 
 
 pompa : v. OSTENTATION, POMl". 
 
 parade (f) A. 1 rans : I. 7b 
 put troops Ihiough ecolutiuns : expr. by 
 decurro. j {togothrouyh evolutions)- he 
 p.d the troops in the open square, •milit/-s 
 in area decurrere imperavit, Jussit : v. 
 EVOLUTION. II. loditplay: •ost^nio, 
 t : V. TO display. B. Intrans. tto^o 
 through evolutions: dScurro, J: Liv. 25 
 17 : lac. 'I'u p. {in) the streets, 'pel 
 vias (vicos) magiiifice incedere. 
 
 paradigm: paradlgma, atis, n..- 
 Charis. : M, L. 
 
 paradise : paradisus, i, ir.. ; Vulg. 
 Gen. ii. 8 : Aug. Birds of p., •paradisea, 
 onim: Linn. 
 
 I aradisiacal : piradisiicus (late); 
 VenaiiL : Akim. (both 6ih cent.). 
 
 paradox : qu' d contia oplnionem 
 omnium est : Cic. Par. pnxjeni. } 4 (quae 
 quia sunt admirabilia < onti aque opini- 
 onem omnium, ab ipsis etium rrapa&oio 
 appellantur) : the pi. paradoxa, orum, 
 may be elegantly useil as phil. t. t. (cf. 
 litle of Cic.'s wiiik, Paraitoxa ad Bru- 
 tum) : not the siny., which may be 
 expr. as given above, or by Gk. iropa 
 So^av, napdSo^ov. 
 
 paradoxical : see preced. an. 
 P h r. : to he given to making p. state- 
 ments, 'quae minus veri siu.ilia atque 
 etiam inter se repuguaiitia videntur 
 dictitare. 
 
 paragon : specimen, Inis, n. : a p. of 
 temperance and sagacity, lemperantiae 
 prudentiaeque s., Cic Ttisc. i, 14, j2. 
 See also model. 
 
 paragraph: I. a definite division 
 in uriting. 1. caput, ills, n. {a 
 
 clause, divisionof alaw,etc.): Cic. Acr. 
 2,6,15. {Kng. chapter.) 2. 'sectio. 
 V. SECTION. 3. •pfri6cha (Gk. jt*- 
 ptox^) : = sectio minor (Schlensner, Lex. 
 s. V.) ; esp. a p. of tlie Scriptures (the 
 longer p., sectio major, being called peri- 
 copa, Gk. 7repi»foTr^) : cf. Cic. Att. u, 25, 
 txtr. (.N.B.— Paragraphus is the name 
 ot a mark used in wriiing to denote sub- 
 divisions of a subject, Isid. i, 20, 8.) 
 II. In looser sense, i>erh. pagiiia : cl. 
 Cic. Att. 6, 2, init., respondebo primum 
 poslremae tuae paginae, i. e (appy.), the 
 last p. of your letter : so, id. Fam. 16, 4. 
 
 parallax : 'parailaxis. is, /. (Gr. 
 
 irapoAAaf 15) : scient. t. t. 
 
 parallel (««(;•) ■• I. ofUnes: pi- 
 rallelus, a. um or -os -on : to draw a p. 
 line, Uneam paralleloii drsignarc, Vitr. 
 5, 7 (8), I : Plin. Vhr.: in a d'r-it on 
 p. to the rivtr Iianube, recta Hun mis 
 Danubii regione, Caes. B. G. 6, 25 (.the 
 word recta however indicates that the 
 line is o straight not a uinding one: v. 
 Long, a. I.) : to run p. to each other {a* 
 mountain-) anges), aequo inter se per- 
 petuoque traitu prociirrere. \Ve'*r 
 (Kr.). II. Fig., coi responding : 
 
 Phr. : p. postages, 'hici consimiles ac 
 pares; quorum alter alteri pariler re- 
 spondet; loci paralleli, qui dicunlur (cf. 
 the LaL litle of Plutarch's work, Vilae 
 parallelae). 
 parallel {ad^) •• v- preced. art 
 parallel ("•)•• I. ''■o compare: 
 
 contends, comparo : v. to wmpabe. 
 II. To find something tqual : e.\pr. 
 by par, paris, with a verb; cf Hor. Od. 
 
 I, 24. 8, cui verilas quando uUum 
 
 inveniet parent : v. e<jital; to match. 
 
 parallel (subs.) : |. In gcmemcal 
 sense: Unea pirallelos : v. parallel 
 {adj.). r.s of Uititude, (circull) pa- 
 ralleli : Plin. 6, }4, 59 } 212. II. 
 Something uhich corresponds to some- 
 thing else: par, paris v. EvirAL; 
 MATCH. III. -^ comparison : con- 
 
 tentio: v. cuJiiABiSiiN. 
 parallelism: v. iAi!ALLEL(a/0'.)- 
 parallelogram : hgura $. fonna p4- 
 rallel'igramnia ; ct. Ironi. de Col., Goeg. 
 p. I ?o : for dilTerent kinds of p.s, at. 
 quadrilatera altera parte h.ngior, rhom- 
 bus, rlumilxiides, cf. ib. p. J5. 
 
 paralogism : 'pariiogismus : phil. 
 t.t. 
 paralysis: I. The disease: 1 
 
 paralysis, is,y.; Oik. ir<ioaAi«rt?) : PIilL 
 20, », 8: Petr. 2. pure Lat nervorum 
 risOlatio Cels. 2. 1, med. (r. mrvortun- 
 51S
 
 PARALYTIC 
 
 PARDON 
 
 PAKENTHETICALLY 
 
 rapaJwa-iv Graecl nominant): id. i, 8. 
 3. debilltas : he ivas attacked by a 
 sudden stroke of p.. ingens vis morbi 
 adorta est (euui) subita d., Liv. 2, ?6, 
 med. Or expr. by corresponding verb : 
 whatever part of the body p. affects, qua- 
 lunque parte corporis membrum aliquod 
 rfsulutum est, id. 2, 8. ||, Fig., 
 
 ttupor and inability to act : torpedo, 
 Itiis, /. (rare) • such a p. had seised Vi- 
 teUius s mind, taiua t. invaserat Vitellii 
 animum, Tac. H. i, 61. 
 
 paralytic : paralyticus {sufferivg 
 from paial.ysis)- Plin. 20, 9, 14. See 
 also I'.iRALYSE, PARALYSIS. For the 
 fxpr. p. stroke, see preced. art. 
 
 paralyse : I. Wi'-'i ref. to the 
 
 inalady paralysis : 1. expr. by re- 
 solvor, solutus, } ; persmis whose whole 
 limbs are severely p.d, qui per omnia 
 membra vehemeiiter resoluti sunt, Cels. 
 J, I^, I : see PARALYSIS (,/i7i.). 2. le^is 
 precisely, expr. by debiiis, captus (dis- 
 abled, deprived of the use if any part <f 
 the body): a-ifpkd and p.d in every 
 limb, mancus et niembris omnibus Ciiptns 
 ac debiiis, Cic. Rab. perd. ■;, 21 Liv. 
 II. Of the effect of fear or other 
 emotion : expr. by torpeo. 2 ; incept. 
 torpesco, torpui, } (to b-, become p.d) ; / 
 am afraid ; I am all p.d, timeo, totus 
 torpeo, PI. Am. I. i, i82: my (ongue 
 was p.d under the grasp of chill fear, 
 torpuerat gelido lingua retenta iiietu, 
 Ov. H II, 82:. Liv. So adj. torpidus 
 (= torpens) : cf. Liv. 22, ;j, med. ; quod 
 malum . . . quum stiipure ac miracul 
 
 p. rather than a verbal translation, non 
 vcrbum e verbo exprimere, sed laxius 
 liberiusque inlerpretari, cf.Cic. Kin. J, 4, 
 15 : comp. preced. art. (Circuitus, cir- 
 cuitio, ambitus verborum [R. and A.] 
 = cireumiocutimt, not paraphrase : cl. 
 Cic. I. c. : Suet. Tib. 71.) 
 
 paraphxast : paraphrastes, ae, m. : 
 Hier. 
 
 parasang: parasanga, ae, m. (Gr. 
 TrapaacL-yyT)?) : Plin. 
 
 parasite : I. -^ f^'"*'" "«' (ancient) : 
 panisltus : hard-eating p.s, edaces p., 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, IT J : Cic. Fern, parasita: 
 Hor. S. I, 2, 98. A petty p., parasitaster, 
 Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 4. Relating to p.s, of p.s, 
 parasiticus, PI. : Suet. : to play the p., 
 parasitari, PI. |i. A hanger on, syco- 
 pliant: assecla (assecula, Juv. 9, 48): 
 Cic. Div. 2, J7, ■79. Join : assentalores 
 atque asseclae, Cic. fr. (Auct. Decl in 
 Sail, has, omnium mensarum assecla 
 [ejus"], his perpetual p., in sense of para- 
 situs ; ch. 8, V 22) See also flatterer, 
 DKPENDENT. |||. All iusect nourished 
 from another : * animaUulum para- 
 siticum. 
 
 parasitic ' v. parasite. 
 
 parasitical > 
 
 parasol : 1. umbella : a green p., 
 
 u. viridis, Juv. 9, 50: Mart. 14, 28, lem. 
 
 2. umbiaciilum (a sun-screen of 
 
 any kind) .- Ov. F. 2, ji 1 ; cf. Mart. 1. c. 
 
 parboil : subcOquo, xi, ctum, } (to 
 ciwk partially, by roasting or boiling) : 
 Marc. Emp. Phr. : top. cabbage, bras- 
 sicam [aqua ferventi] coquere paullis- 
 
 torpidos deflxis^et, i. e. had perfectly p.d per, uti subcruda siet, Cato H. R. 156. 
 their minds. Phr.: to p. the mind parboiled: subcrudus (succ.) : 
 tHth fear, animos affligere et deliilitare 1 preced. art. Or perh. subelixatns : after 
 inetu, Cic. Tusc. 4,15, J4- "'«"''"'^'^<^'*'' ' ""*'• "^ subasso, subassatus (Apic.) : 
 was p.d with fear, timore perculsa (est ) semicoctus, half -cooked, whether by roast- 
 toU civitas, Cic. (?) ad Br. 1, } : v. to , ing or boiling : Plin.: Cd. 
 DISMAY. See also TO BENUMB, STUPEFY. I parCcl (s"***-) •" \. A portion, quan- 
 III Fig., to d/prire of strength or \tily: pars: v. portion, plot. |1. A 
 pouer of action : 1 debillto, i : tlie con- Ismail packet or bundle: lascieulu» : v. 
 quered are p.d and disheaiixwd. victi j packet. |i|. A number of persons ; 
 debilitaiitur anlmosque demittunt. Cic. I contemptuously : v pack (111.). 
 Kin. 5 1 5, 42 : no member of the com- \ parcel OUt : partio, partior, 4 : top. 
 monuealth that is not shattered or p.d, ' out the optn plain by boundary lines 
 
 nullum membrum reipublicae, quod 
 non fractumdebilitatumve sit. Cic. Fam , 
 5, u, meti. : v. to enfeeble. 2. afQi- 
 go, xi, ctum, } (to beat doun with a 
 crushing blow) : Cic. : v. to prostrate. 
 Join: afflijiere et dcbilitare [metuj 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 14. 3. percello, ciili, 
 culsum, 3 (to strike with dismay), Cic: 
 Tac. 
 
 paramount: 1. expr. by anti- 
 quior, antiquissimus: he declared that 
 lie should ever regard the cause of the 
 courts asp., antiquis^imam se habiturum 
 lausam Judlciorum dixit, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, i, 
 aii fm. : cf. Veil. 2, 52, neque prius neque 
 antiquiiis quicquam habuit his p. con- 
 cern ivas, ei antiquissima cura fuit, Cic. 
 Att. 10, 8. 2. expr. by potior, us 
 (preferable ; taking precedence of) : he 
 had always ma/ie the public interest p. 
 over private necessities, semper se reip. 
 lommoda privaiis necessitatibus potiora 
 habuisse, Caes. B. C. l, 8. See also pre- 
 cedence ; to outweigh. 3. summus : 
 
 V. SUPREME. 
 
 paramour : I. Of '^« ""''^ -'^^ • 
 
 moechus, adulter, eri : v. adulterer. 
 Also (as a milder term), amator, Cic. 
 Ooel. 20, 49. II, Female : mgretrix, 
 pellex : V. J11STRES.S (111.). 
 
 parapet: pluteus: the p.s of the 
 tuueis, plulei turnum, Caes. B. C. 7, 25 
 (these were wooden bieastworks ; not of 
 stone like the toueis themselves) : ib. 41 
 (p. vallo addere : see Long's Caesar, 
 
 p. J49)- ,. . „ , 
 
 paraphernalia : l e. needless trap- 
 pings: apparattiS, us; Hor. Od. i, J8, i 
 (pi). 
 
 paraphrase (>'■) •■ I'hr.; to turn a 
 
 passage of poetry into prose and p. it, 
 versus tollere; mox mutatis verbis in- 
 lerpretari, tuni paraphrasi audacius 
 rertere, Quint, l, 9. 2. 
 
 paraphrase (subs.) .- 1. para- 
 phrftsis, 1. f. : yuint. i. 9, 2. 2. expr. 
 by interpretor, int^rprgtatio (gen. term) 
 
 partiri limite campum, Viig. U. i, 126 
 Sail. : Cic. : v. to divide, distribute. ] 
 
 parch : I. '''** bum the surface of , 
 anything; to scorch: 1. frigo. xi, 
 ctum, J : to dry and p barley, hordeum 
 siccare ac f., Plin. 18, 7, 14 : p.'d wheat, 
 triticum Irictum, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, Jin. 
 2. toneri, 2 : v. to ROAST. ||. To 
 dry up to extremity: 1. torreo, rrui, 
 stum, 1 : to be p.'d (or scorched) by the 
 heat of the sun. solis ardure torreri, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 20 : cf. aienti torrere arva siti, 
 Tib. I, 4, 42. Of the action offerer: 
 Juv. 9, 17. 2. uro, ussi, stum, j : to 
 be either stiffened with cold or p.'d with 
 heat, aut trigore rigere aut calore uri, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 28, 69 : Ov. : a crop of flax 
 p.'s the soil, u. campum lini seges, Virg. 
 G. I, 77. 3. arefacio, j (v. rare) : v. 
 to dry. See also foil. art. 
 
 parched (l«'< a^y-)- 1. torridus 
 (burnt up) : plains p. with drought, t. 
 siccitate campi, Liv. 22, 4?,/". • Lu:an : 
 Sil. 2. aridus (dry ; less strong thiUi 
 preced.) : p. Africa, a. Libye, Ov. M. 2, 
 2j8 : Hor. J oi n : [terra] arida et sicca, 
 Plin. 2, 65, 66. So, artns, ntis (strictly 
 part, of areo, to be dry or parched) : he 
 slakes with springs the p. soil, scatebris 
 arentia temperat arva, Virg. G. i, no: 
 Ov. 3. exustus: Virg. G. i, 107 (ex. 
 ager). 4. sitiens, ntis (poet.) : v. 
 
 THIRSTY. 
 
 parchment: membrana: to wi-ite 
 on p., in m. scribere, Cic. in Plin. 7, 21, 
 21 : Hor. Dimin. membranula (a shert 
 of p ) : Cic. Att. 4, 4. Made of p., parch- 
 ment-, membraneus : a p. note-book, pu- 
 giUares membranei. Mart. 14, 7, lem. 
 
 maker : membi anarius : Gloss. 
 
 pardon (subs.) : vgnia (indulgence, 
 grace): to beg p. of anyone, v. abaliquo 
 petere, Liv. j8, 49. extr. ■ Cic. : cf. Liv. 
 J, 7, extr., V. irarum coelestiuni ex- 
 poscere : to obtain not acquittal for a 
 fault, but p. for an error, non libera- 
 tionem culpae sed errati v. impetrare, 
 
 vitii soDiP malifyiiig words": to give a | Cic. Lig. i, 1 : to grant p. and accept an 
 
 5;5 
 
 apology, v. dare excusationemque ac- 
 cipere, Caes. B G. 6, 4. P h r. : to grant 
 p^ for an offence, alicui delicti gratiam 
 facere. Sail. Jug. 104, extr.; delicto 
 ignoscere : v. foil. art. 
 
 pardon («•) ■ 1. ignosco, novi, 
 notum, i (to overlook; show indulgence 
 to: usu. with dat.): v. to forgivb. 
 2. condono, i (formally to remit, 
 as a debt : with ace. of offence and dat. 
 of person) : to p. any one's offence on 
 account of eminent sel^vices, crimen ali- 
 cui propter praeclara merita c, Cic. Mil. 
 2, fin. Sometimes with dat. of a person 
 out of regard for whom, forgiveness is 
 exteniled : he p.'d the past out of con si- 
 deration for Diviliacus. praeterita se 
 l)ivitiaco condonare [dicitj, Caes. B. G. 
 I, 20 : Cic. : in same sense less freq., 
 ilono, I : to p. the father for the sake of 
 the son, patrem filio donare. Just. J2, 2, 
 med. : Liv. : Ov. 3. concedo, j : v. 
 to FORGn e. Also expr. by veniam dare, 
 less freq. donare (.Suet.); gratiam facere; 
 etc. : V. PARDON (subs.). 
 
 pardonable : ««' (culpae) venia pro- 
 ponitur ; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 2, fm. ; eul 
 ignoscas ; cujus veniam dari aequum 
 
 est, etc. : V. EXCUSABLE. 
 
 pardonably : i'a "t (jure merito) 
 ignoscas : v. to forgive. 
 
 pardoner : I. One who forgives : 
 
 qui veniam dat, etc. : v. To pa rdon. 
 
 II, One carrying ecclesiastical in- 
 
 didgences: *qui indulgentias pontificias 
 
 dispensat, venditat. 
 
 pare : 1. circumcSdo, di, sum. } 
 
 I (to cut away all round) : to p. off the 
 
 bark (of a tree), corticeni c. Col. Arb. 
 
 [ 26, fn. : carefully to p. the nails, ungues 
 
 I diligenter c, Cels. 7, 26, 2. 2. circum- 
 
 , s6co, ui, ctum, } : to p. the nails (com- 
 
 i pletely). ungulas r.. Col. 6, 6. med. (as in 
 
 former case, for a delicate operation). 
 
 I Phr.: to;). tte»iarJs (in common sense), 
 
 ! ungues ponere. Hor. A. P. 297 ; rteponere, 
 
 F'etr. J04, extr. ; resecare, Plin. 28, 2, 
 
 5 } 28 ; subsecare, Ov. F. 6, 2jo ; prae- 
 
 secare, Hor. A. P. 294. See also To peel. 
 
 paregoric : *niedicameiitum pare- 
 
 1 goricum. 
 
 parent: I. Lit.: 1. parens. 
 
 I ntis, c. : affection bi-tiieen children and 
 their p.s, quae (caritas) est inter natos 
 et parentes, Cic. Am. 8, 27 to sttand in 
 the relation of a parent to any one, 
 
 I alicui in loco parentis esse, id. I'l. n, 
 fm. 2. genitor, /. -trix : v. father, 
 mother. II. Fig.: source from nhich 
 anything originates : mater, parens, 
 geriitrix, procreatrix : v. mother (11.). 
 
 parentage: 1. genus, stirps: v. 
 lineage, descent (11.). 2. expr. by 
 pater, miijotes, parens, etc. : of unknown 
 
 ! p. on thefattu-7's side, and servile on the 
 mother's, patre nuUo, matre serva, Liv. 
 
 I 4, ?, med.: Hor. S. 1, 6, 45 (libertino 
 patre natus) : to trace one's p. to any 
 one. miijores suos ad aliquem referre, 
 
 i Just. j8, 7, in it. : of good p.. bonis 
 (honestis) parentibus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 
 58 : of obscure p., obscuris ortus ma- 
 joribus, id. Off I, }2, 116; humili 
 atque obscuro loco natus, id. Verr. 5 
 70, 181. ■ 
 
 parental : I, Proper to a parent : 
 expr. by parens : p. affection, *caritas 
 quae solet parentum erga natos (liberos) 
 esse : p. duties, *parentis (parentum) 
 officia: V. parent. ||. Belonging to 
 one's father or parents : patemus, pa- 
 trius: V. paternal. 
 
 parentally : * tanquam parens, pa- 
 rentum ritu V. pakent. 
 
 parenthesis : iuterpositio vel inter- 
 clusio [<jraeci TrapevOeaiv, TrapefJUTTiaaiv 
 vociint] ; Quini. 9. j, 2?. Also, inter- 
 Jectio, id. 8, 2, 15- (N.B.— For perspi- 
 cuity, in grammatical lang., parenthesis 
 is used as Lat.) 
 
 parenthetical: Pi"".: a p. re- 
 
 mark, sensus qui medius intervenit ora- 
 tionis coniiniiationi, cf. Quint. 9, j, 2J. 
 to make a p. explanation, medio ser- 
 moni aliquem inserere sensum, id. 8, 2 
 15 : or in gram. lang.. *per parenthesin 
 aliquid interponere, inteijicere. 
 parenthetically : see preced. art.
 
 PARHELION 
 
 PART 
 
 PART 
 
 imago solis ; pirelion : 
 sordidissiiiii or- 
 
 parhelion 
 
 V. MOCK-SCN. 
 
 pariah: •infimi 
 
 dinls borao. 
 
 parietarr ^subs.) : (herba) pane- 
 taria: Apiil. H»rb. 
 
 parings ; prucse^ilna, nm, n. : 
 vail-p , unguium pr.. I'l. Aul. 2, 4, SS- 
 Also unguium ri-segniiiia, Flin. 28, i, 
 
 2 ') 5. 
 
 parish : piiroecla (<ik. napoiKLo) ; 
 corrn|ite(i, piiioctiia : Sid.: Hitr. ( I'Iih 
 latter lurin is b»'st suited ti> dfimti- tlie 
 Knglish more liniit-d si-iise.) 
 
 parish -clerk: •praecentor pa- 
 rocbialis (?). 
 
 — church : * aedes sacra paro- 
 cliialis. 
 
 priest : * parrielius : M. h. (cf. 
 
 Korcell. s. v., •' liiiic partjchi in Fxclesia 
 nunc dicuntur qui curam aniniaruni 
 suscipiuiit ot fidelibus necessaria ad 
 saluum suppedilant."). Or use presby- 
 ter, sacroruni anlistes v. i-rikst. 
 
 parishioner: 'parochianus: Du C. 
 
 parity; I'ljr. : byap.o/rrasotiing, 
 •pan laiioiie. cciisimili arguniento. 
 
 park: I. t-ndoseiyio'md: \, 
 paradi:.us (Gk. TropaSeio-o?' yamn-park): 
 Gell. 2, 20. pure I,at. vivarium (prf- 
 gfrves). 2. borti, orum {pUasurt- 
 
 groands): Clc. Fin. 5, i, j. (This latter 
 the more suitable word to denote a park 
 appropriated to pleasure and recreation.) 
 3. viridarium (an ornamental gar- 
 den, planted with handsome trees) : Cic. 
 AM. 2, ; ; Suet.: Lanipr (Krom Lampr. 
 Kleg. 2j, domns viridarium; and Ulp. 
 I»ig. ■;, I, I J, whiTe it is noted as natu- 
 raliy rormiiig part of house premises, 
 the viridiiriuin may be inferred to have 
 been ordinarily in the inner quadi angle 
 o/«AoiiSf) II. Of ariillery : use tor- 
 menta, orum: v. artillkkt. 
 
 parlance : i* 'i ■"• common p., *usus 
 
 lo(-,uendi quoiidiaims; usitatus sernio. 
 
 parley ('■•) •• «ill6(iuor, lOcutus, j (to 
 hoM conference) : Caes. : Cic. 
 
 parley (subs.) .- colloquium : v. cox- 
 
 FKRtNCK. 
 
 parliament: •parlamentum; that 
 a p. should be held tu-ice a i/i-ar at 
 London, ut singulis annis p. bis bjnditii 
 haberetur, Stat, in Milt. vi. 149: to dis- 
 miss p., p diniittere. Milt. ib. to con- 
 vene p., p. convocaie, ib. : to dissolve p., 
 p. dissolvere, ib. p. tjo: members nf p., 
 parlamenti senatores. ib. p. 144 (A. e. 
 nobiles el plebeii ; proceres et plelx-ius 
 ordo, ib. p. 144). More classically, seiia- 
 tus; conciliiuu : v. senate. 
 
 parliamentarian : e.\pr. by *a par- 
 lamento stare, esse. 
 
 parliamentary : expr. by •parla- 
 mentum: p. proceedings, •parlamenti 
 acta: acquainted with p. procedure, 
 •parlamenti institutorum consuetudi- 
 nlsque peritus, gnat us; a p. committee, 
 •senatorum selectorum consilium. 
 
 parloui" : P'lli. <liaeta (which how- 
 ever usu. loinpris- d a suite of rooms : 
 V. Uier. ad I'lin. Kp 2, 17. 12); conclave, 
 is, n. (any apartment) : v. room. 
 
 parochial: •paiochialis, e: JI. L. 
 ( Necessary lor d'tiniteness.) 
 
 parody (subs.): 1. •parodla (Or. 
 irapaiSia) : I'.-eud -Asion. (Mote elegant- 
 ly written as Ok. so Ijuint. 6. 5, 97, ticti 
 noiis versibus >imiles. quae naptuSia ili- 
 citur) 2. e.xpr. by cinuinl., 'poetae 
 versus ad aliii I iilqiie ridiLulum argu- 
 mentuin deturii. Lichst. (in Kr.); 'car- 
 men riilicuii caiisji depravatum atque in 
 aliaui rem iliHinuiu. 
 
 parody (>'■) I'br. : top. a poem, 
 •versus per luMum (Jocum) immutare 
 atque ad ridiculiim quoddam argumen- 
 tuni detorquere 
 
 parole (subs) : fl'les, fi : to break p^ 
 f. bosti datam ullere, Cic. Off. I, 13, i<): 
 V. FAITH (II.) 
 
 parole (»•)•■ fbr. : he p.d the jri- 
 .toners, •captiviis ti>li' interposlta dimisit 
 (cf. Gies. 15. (i. 5, 6); •eaptivos diinisil, 
 juraio. nihil se hostile incepturos. 
 
 par JXVsm : accessus, us ; accessus 
 atque Impetus [doloris'- v. Frr (1.). 
 Cf. faces dulurum, Cic. 1 use. 2, 25, Jin. 
 
 Hhr.: the diiease is attended with p.s I 
 o/' pain, magnos crnciatus babel mor- 
 bus, Sen. Kp. 78, 6 : the very p. of pain j 
 tends Vo bring itself to an end, ipsa 
 summi doloris mtentio invenit linem, cf. 
 ib. J 7 : to lie seized u-ith such a p. of \ 
 anger, tantum irae concipere, Curt. 8, i. 
 (I'aro.xysmus is with, iit aulhoriiy, 
 though used by some Latinists.) 
 
 parricidal : "su. scelestus may suf- 
 fice, the context deliniiig it: v. cuiLTV. 
 
 parricide : I. '''''" agent .- 1. 
 parrliida (tlie murderer of any near re- 
 latice; not merely of a father : see ma- 
 
 TRIi:iI>E, FRATItlCIDE): Cic. Mil. 7, 17: 
 
 Hor. 01 ten used of high traitors (p. 
 reipublicae, Sail. Cat. 51): to denounce 
 a,s an enemy and p., hostem atque p. 
 vocare. Sail. Cat. }i: Tac. 2. patris 
 (parentis) interfector, occisor (rare) ; v. 
 .MURDERER. Or cxpr. by verb: the p. 
 shall be seu-n up in a sack, qui patrem 
 Occident (necaverit), culeo insuatur, 
 Quint. 7, 8. 6. ||. ^'"= "«' • parrici- 
 dium (with the same extent of meaning 
 asparricida: v.supr.): Cic: Suet. Or 
 expr. by verb to be guilty of p., palvem 
 nec;lvi^se, occidis^e : v. Tt» murder. 
 
 parrot: psittacus: Ov. Am. 2, 6, I 
 (p. iinitatrix ale.s) I'ers. : I'lin. 
 
 parry : 1. propuiso, i : to p. a 
 
 blow, ictura a corpore p., cf. Cic. Mil. II, 
 JO : Curt. 9, 4, fin. (clypeo intidentia ] 
 tela p. t. 2. dclendo, di, sum, }. v. i 
 TO WARD OFF. 3. perb. eUdo, si, 
 
 sum, J (to get out of the way of and 
 escape : hence needing some qualifica- 
 tion to expr. present sense) : he p.'d the 
 blow u-ith his stick, 'baculo ictum pro- 
 pulsando (arcendo) elnsit: v. to elude. 
 
 parse : P b r. : t<> p. each word in a 
 sentence, *singula vocabula (verba) no- 
 tare iiroprietatesfiue describere. 
 
 Parsees : *ZOroastrei qui hodie sunt, 
 /'a)«i< tqiie dicuntur. 
 
 Parseeism : *Zoroastreorum rellgio 
 
 s. su|ieistilio. 
 
 parsimonious : parens, sordidus (to 
 H!eaH»f.<.v), etc. : v. niggakdi.v, sparing. 
 
 parsimoniously : 1. parie (a 
 term of praise rateer than the contrary : 
 cf. Cic. Off. I, JO, 106, vivere parce, con- 
 tinenter, severe, sobrie) v. M'ARINULY, 
 THitiKTii.Y. 2. sordide : v. meam..l 
 
 (III.). sriNGtLY 
 
 parsimony : 
 
 good sense) : Cic. 
 sordes, ium,/. : v. 
 
 parsley : perh 
 
 1. parsTmonia (in 
 v. economy. 2. 
 meanness. 
 apium (? wild p.) : 
 
 Hor. Od. I, j6." 16 (vivax a.) Virg. G. 4, 
 121 (virides apio ripae) : I'lin. 
 
 parsnip : pa.stinaca: Pliti. 19, 5, 27: 
 (*p. sativa, Linn.). 
 
 parson : *clericus, *antistes sacro- 
 runi, 'leruin sacrarum minister. (Not 
 persona eccle>iae.) 
 
 parsonage : *clerici parochialis 
 aedes. 
 
 part (subs.) : I. A portimi : 1. 
 pars, partis, /. : to divide into two, 
 three, p.s, in duas, tres p. dividere, 
 Caes. B. G. init. : Sail. : the greater p. 
 of the people, major p. populi, Cic. Agr. 
 2, g,init.: so, maxima p. (hominum), 
 Hor. S. 2, J, 121. (N.B.— In noHj. and 
 act-, sing., is freq. used the old form j>ar- 
 tim : p. of the .'^amnites had revolteii to 
 the Carthaginians, partim Samnitium 
 defeclsse ad I'oenos, Liv. 2?, u, fm.: 
 esp. repeated, partim . . . partim, onep. 
 . . . another p. : Cic. : Liv.) 2. portio 
 (late): Just.: I'lin.: v. FOitTiON.sHARE. 
 The middle, top. bottom p., may be expr. 
 by medius, sumnms. imus : cf. Phaedr. 
 2, 4, init. (where however, for summa 
 quercus, we find snblimis quercus) : v. 
 MIDDLE, TOJ", KOTTOM. I' h r. : in tuxi, 
 three, four, many p.s: ('.). bifariam, 
 trifariam, quailrifsiriam, multifariam ■ 
 tlieir year naturalhi divides itself into 
 two p.s, nalur.i divisus earum aimus bi- 
 fari.im, Varr. 11. K. 2, 14. post med.: Cic: 
 to distribute into three mfour p.s. trifa- 
 riam, quadrifariam (llsfiertire. Suet. Vit. 
 I!: Liv. Ci). bipartito, tripartito (usu. 
 with ref. to military forces) : v. nivisios 
 (VI.). II. Share, co^icem, interest : 
 1. expr. by internum, irr. with 
 
 dat. — to take [actif?] p. in ; to take p. 
 in a tMtiU, praelio int., Cues. B. G. 7, 87, 
 extr.: Cic. Also sumctiuies iDiervenio 
 4 (to xnU^ere with ; of one who miKht 
 not have been expected to do so) : I'aul. 
 
 Dig. 4, 4, 24 : V. TO INTEKKKRE. 2. 
 
 expr. viithout p. {or l"t) in, by expers, 
 rtib (y,hh gen.; Ie^8 fnq abl.) : to luxoe 
 no p. in military comvuind or public 
 counsel, esse experteni uuperii, publici 
 consilii, Clc Kep. i, ji : opp. paniceps 
 Cic Leg. I, 7, 22 : v. dk.stitltk. See 
 
 also TO PAKTAKl-^ I'ARTAKKR. |||. 
 
 Character, as in a pUiy ; als« In tig. 
 sense : 1. persona to act the p. of a 
 sovereign, p. princlpis tueri, Cic Phi*- 
 8. ID, 29; aUo, p. susiinere, id. Mu>. >, 
 6 ; tenere, id. de Or. ;. 14, 54; gerere, id. 
 Olf. I, J2, 115. 2. partes, ium, /. : 
 to take the principal p. in a play, pri- 
 ma* p. agere, Ter. Ph. prol. 27 : cf. 
 partes tueri, Hor. A. P. 19? : to bear the 
 p. of aixuser in a tiial, (in) judieio p. 
 acciisatoris iibtiiiere, Clc. Quint. 2. 8 : to 
 liave a second or third (inferimr) p. as- 
 signed to one. secundarum, tertiarum p. 
 esse, Cic. |)iv. Verr. 15,48. Willi pri- 
 mae, secundae, partes is olten under- 
 stood : e. g. to play a second p., secimdaa 
 ferre, Hor. .S. i, 9, 46. |V. Side, fac- 
 tion ; partes : v. party. 'I'o take any 
 one's p., alicui opem ferre, adesse, adju- 
 torem se praebere: v. to assist. V. 
 Duty, function : 1. officium : to do 
 loie's p. (hi/nestly), o. sallslacere, Clc. 
 iJlv. Verr. I4.extr.: v. duty. 2. ofU 
 expr. by gen. after esse; or by neut. of 
 pron. adj. (L. G. ^ 266) : it is the p. of a 
 youth to reverence his eMiers, aiiolescen- 
 tis est majores natu vereri, Cic. Off. I, 
 54. IJ2: it is my, your, our, p., meum, 
 tuum, nostrum esl, etc : pass. y|. 
 Only in^?., parts —faculties, capacity : 
 iiigenium, etc. : v. natural (VI.). 
 VII. Also only in pi., parts = re- 
 gions : loca, orum ; the Hauls u-ho in- 
 habited tliese p.s, Galli qui ea 1. inov 
 lerent, Caes. B. G. 2, 4 : v. placb, 
 REGION. Phr. : in, to, or from foreign 
 p.s, peregre : to travel into foreign p.s. 
 p. proficisci, Suet. Caes 42 : Cic. : to live 
 in foreign p.s. peregrinari, Cic. Arch. 7, 
 16: in these p.s, hie viciniae (v. neigh- 
 boukikxjd) : somewhere about these ps, 
 hie alicuhi, Cic. Fl. 29, 71 : Ter. VIII. 
 In grammar, p. 0) speecli : pars ora- 
 tionis: Piisc. 2,4} i;. |X. Miscell. 
 Phr.: (i). on the p. of: pro (with ubr): 
 to argue anything on the p. of an ac- 
 cused perso)i, aUquid pro reu dispuiare, 
 Cic. Sext. 2, im'f. ; ftlpass. Sometimes 
 ab (a) may serve : cf. Smith's Lat. l>ict. 
 s. v. (IV.). On the p. of, sometimes = 
 by. denoting the agent : v. by. (ii). for 
 my p.. our p.. etc. : (I), equldem ; wilh 
 I pers. sing, and (less freq.) pi. : I Jor 
 my p. wished to be called Caesar's .««/- 
 
 dier; ycu e. me Caesaris militem 
 
 dici voiui ; vos . . ., Caes. B. C. 2, n,fin. : 
 we, for our p., have beni for some time 
 finding fault urilh you.e. iios jam diidum 
 "te inciisamus. Ter. Pli. ?, 1, 7 ; v. is- 
 def.d. (2). adeo (implying emphasis) ; 
 and thou, on thy p., ttuiue adeo. Virg, 
 G. 1, 24. (iii). for the moft p.: maxi- 
 mam partem (principally, cliiejiy : 
 adverb, ace); f?re, ferine; v. Jiavri.v, 
 usually. So also, in great p., niagnam 
 partem, magna ex parte: our cone" «i- 
 tion consists in great p. of iamlms, 
 magnam p. ex iambis Il0^tra amstiit 
 oratio, Cic Or. 56. 189 : t" great p. pre- 
 vailed upon by their enlieaties. magna 
 ex p. eorum precibiis addiiciiis, Gies. B. 
 G. I, 16. See also partly, (iv). m 
 good or bail p.: to take anything in 
 good or bad p.. aliquid in bonam (ma- 
 lam) partem arcijiere. Cic. Att. 11, 7, 
 extr.: aliquid bom (never mali) coiisul- 
 ere, t^ulnt, i. 6, ?2; Ov. Caio In GiU. 
 (V). frcnn allp.s : iindlque: Caiw. ; Cic. 
 partC''.>: A. ■I'r""*-: I. lOBi-en. 
 ckai-e in two: 1. dimoveo, movi, mo- 
 tum, 2 (top. asundrr): t/>p. the soil iisun- 
 der with the pUiugli, lerram d. aratrcs 
 Virg. G. 2, ;ij: Ov. 2. difflndo, j ; 
 
 I V. TOSPLtT. CLEAVE(A). ||. To Te^ld 
 
 ■ csunder, separate: 1, divello, velll, 
 
 5i7
 
 PA RT AKE 
 
 PA RTICU LAR 
 
 PARTITION 
 
 vulsum, J : nor sl'all if yas, the hundred- 
 handed, ever p. me from you. me nee 
 cetitimanus Gyas divellet unquam, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 17, 15. Join: nee divelli nee 
 distrahi (posse), Cic. Fin. i, 16, init. 
 
 2, distraiio, xl, ctum, } : necessity 
 ».s her from me, illam a me d. necessitas, 
 Ter. Hec. j, ^,42 : ct. supr. 3. separo, 
 1 : V. TO SEPAEATE. |||. To divide, 
 distribute ; partior (partio), dispertio: 
 
 divldo : V. TO DIVIUE, SHAKE. B. 
 
 In trans.: |. To part from, quit : 
 1. digredior, gre^-sus. j : we }:. in 
 tears, digredimur flentes, Ov. H. i^ (18), 
 117 : / ujos afraid he nould not be able 
 (bear) to p. from me, timebam ne a me 
 d. non posset, Cic. Att j, 9, med. : in 
 this manner they p., ita utiique digre- 
 diuntur, Sail. Jug. 22, extr. 2. discedo, 
 8Si, SSUm, { V. TO DKl'ART, QUIT. P h f. : 
 fie from uhnm ynu hadp.'d with mutual 
 tears, is quem flens flentem dimiseia.s, 
 Cic. y. Fr. 1, },ad init. : not to be ahU 
 to p. {tear ontielf) from any one, ab 
 aliquo distrahi non posse, ib. meil. ||, 
 To part asunder : 1. dissilio, ui, 4 
 {suddenly): the blade p.'d asunder uith 
 the blow, niucro dissiluit ictu, Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 740: ct. ib. j, 416 (where it is 
 used of a convulsion of the earth's sur- 
 face) : Lucr. : Plin. 2. expr. by 
 findo (diffindo), fidi, ssum, j, as rejl. 
 pass., or with pron. refl. : v. to split. 
 
 3. dehisco. j . v. to gape open. 
 Ilj. To part with: Phr. : to p. with 
 
 a wife, uxori nuntium remittere or 
 mittere (v. to divokce) : comp. use of 
 discedo, Coel in Cic. Fam. 8, 6, uxor a 
 Dolabella discessit. 
 partake: I. To be a sharer of: 
 1. expr. by partlceps, cipis : to p. 
 of spoil and prizes {of 11 ar), praedae ac 
 praeraiorura p. esse, Caes. B. C. j, 82 : 
 Muji'er us to p. of your vnsdom, tac nos p. 
 sapientiae tuae, PI. Epid. 2. 7. dj. So 
 bysSoius: Join: [fortunarum alicujus] 
 socium participemque esse, Cic. Font. 17, 
 i7. (N.B.— Participo in this sense late 
 and rare: v. to share.) 2. intersum, 
 irr. {to take active part in what is going 
 on: with dat.) : v. pakt (11.). That 
 does not p. of, expers, rtis (with gen.; 
 less freq. abl.) : the other animals do 
 not p. of reasov, cetera (aninialia) ra- 
 tioiiis exp sunt, Cic. Leg. i 7, 22. ||, 
 To take some of, with ret. to food : 1, 
 stimo, mpsi, niptum, i (gen. term) : Nep. 
 Att. 21. 2. gusto, I (both trans, and 
 intrans.) : f(/r two days I had p.n of 
 nothing whatever, not even v:ater, bi- 
 duum ita jejunus fueram, ut ne aquam 
 gustarem, Cic. Fam. 7, 26: to p. of a 
 (slight) meal in a recumbent posture, 
 cubantem gustare, id. Mur. J5, fin. : 
 Plin. Kp. J, 5, II (deinde gustalial, dor- 
 micbatque mininiuni). Fig.: top. of 
 any pure pleasure, g. partem ullam 
 liquidae voliiptatis, Cic. Fin. i, 18, $8. 
 
 V. TO TASTE. 
 
 partaker : 1. partlceps, cipis, 
 
 adj. : {man) p. of reason and thought, 
 p. raiionis et cogilationis, Cic. Leg. i, 7, 
 22 : Caes Join: socius particepsque, 
 Cic. 2. s5cius : v. partner. 3. 
 affinis, e {implicated i») : v. party 
 (VI.). To maJce any one p. in any Ihmg, 
 participare : Cic. (v. to share) : not a 
 p. expers (v. to partake, 1.). 
 
 parterre : floralia, ium : v. flower- 
 garden. 
 
 Parthenon : Parthenon, onls, TO. : 
 Plin. ;4, 8, 19 $ 54. 
 
 partial : I. Extending only to a 
 part or pai ts : expr. by Phr.; the coun- 
 try suffered from a p. famine, *terrae 
 panes notinutlae famelaborabant; *fame 
 laboratum est quibtisdam in locis : 
 though this invcHves a p. loss, quod etsi 
 per partes {opp. in sumnia) damiiosuni 
 est, Col 1,4: hf obtained a p. succr.^s, 
 •nonimlla e.x parte l>ene res pessit (like 
 omni ex parte, Cic. Am. 21, 79). ||, 
 Not equitable, biassexi : 1, cupidus 
 {under the influence of feeling or pas- 
 sion) : p. and vindictive tvitnesses. testes 
 c. et irati, Cic. Fnnt. 6, init. : p. judges, 
 c. judices, Tac. Or. Jl : cf. Cic. Caec. j, 
 8, cupidior quam sapien tem judicem esse 
 5J8 
 
 aequuni est 2. alterius partis stu- 
 liiusior: Suet. Tib. 11. 3. I'liquus: 
 
 V. UNFAiK, UNJUST. Phr.: every one ts 
 a p. judije of his own discoveri/, suae 
 qiiisque inventioni tavet. I'lin. Ep. i, 20, 
 ij: the piebs had bif'ore been p. to the 
 cause of the Carthaginians, plebs ante 
 inclinatior ad Puenos lut rat, Liv. 2;, ..6, 
 med. : the judge must above all avoid 
 the suspicion tf being p., *niaxime om- 
 nium cavere debet judex, ne in suspi- 
 cionem altfrius partis cupiditatis stu- 
 diiqiie suspicionem incidat. Sometimes 
 used fi ir FOND : q. v. 
 
 partiality : 1. stiidium : without 
 viiidicliveness or p., sine ira et s.. Tac. 
 H. I, I, extr.: cf. Lucan 2, {77- siudiis 
 odiisque carens. (More fully, cupidit.is 
 ac studium, Liv. 24, 28, med. : cf. Cic. Fl 
 10, 21, sine ullo studio dicere aut cum 
 dissimulatione aliqua atptditaiis.) 2. 
 cupiditas : V. supr. 3. inTquilas 
 
 (stronger than Eng.) : v. unfairness, 
 INJUSTICE. To have a p. for, lavgre : 
 V. TO FAVOUR. Sometimes used iox fond- 
 ness, liking : q. v. 
 
 partiaUy : I. in part .- ex (aii- 
 qua) parte, in parte: v. partly. ||, 
 
 With partiality : cflpide {under the 
 influence of passion) : Cic. Kani. 16, 11, 
 fin. : Suet. Caes. 12 (tani etipide condem- 
 navit, ut ad populum provucanti nihil 
 aeque ac Judicisacerltitas profuerit). Or 
 expr. by circuml. to pass no sentence p., 
 *nihil ex cupiditate studioque partium 
 judicare : v. partiality. 
 
 participant: partlceps: v. par- 
 taker. 
 
 participate: partlceps sum, fio: v. 
 TO partake, share. 
 
 participation: societas: p. with 
 any one in allhisdesigns, s. consiliorum 
 onmium cum aliquo, Cic. Br. i, 2: v. 
 partnership. 
 
 participator: particeps: v. par- 
 taker. 
 
 participial: particlpialis, e : Quint. 
 1,4, 29 : Prise. Also participalis: Varr. 
 
 participle: parliclplum: Quint, i, 
 4. 19- . , 
 
 particle: I, -^ mmute portion: 
 
 1, particQla : aU the tiniest p.s {of 
 food), omnes lenuissimae p., Cic. deOr. 2, 
 jg. 162 : p. of Vie breath divine {the 
 soul), divinae p. aurae, Hor. S. 2, 2. 79. 
 
 2. mica; V. grain (L). 3. mo- 
 mentum (strictly, jtist enough to turn 
 the scale : hence, a small quantity) : 
 Plin. JO, 10, 27. Phr.: primary p.s, 
 corpora prima, primordia, Lucr. i,pass. 
 
 II. In grammar: particula: Gell. 2, 
 17 : M. L. 
 parti-coloured : 1. versicolor, 
 
 oris : Liv. 54, i : v. motley. 2. macii- 
 losus {spotted; vyith patches of a dif- 
 ferent colour) : a p. hide {black and blue), 
 corium m., PI. Bac. ;, j, jo; Virg.: Plin.: 
 V. spotted. 3. discSlor, oris (rare in 
 this sense) : Plin. 10, 2, 2 (d. aves, birds 
 ivith variegated plumage). 4. vSrius: 
 V. variegated. 
 
 particular {adj.) . \. Not general ; 
 
 1. proprius: v. peculiar. 2. partieii- 
 laris (late) p.^oposi^wmi, propositiones 
 p. (opp. universales), Apul. Dogm. Plat. 
 J, p. 642: Cod. Just. (Needed for pre- 
 cision in phil.and technical lang.) ||, 
 Special, exceeding vhat is common : 
 1. praecipuus : to treat with par- 
 ticular respect, p. honore habere, Caes. 
 
 B. G. 5, 52: Cic: V. SPECIAL. 2. 
 
 singiilaris, e {unique) : Pompey ex- 
 presses his p. thanks to you: Pi.mpeius 
 gralias tibi agit s^ Cie. Fam. i;, 41. 
 III. Very exact and punctilious : 
 1. morosus (rare) ; more than or- 
 dinarily p. in personal habits, circa 
 curam corporis morosior. Suet. Cues. 45. 
 2. expr. by acciiriitus ; in good sense, 
 careful, studied; hence for present sense 
 requiring some qualification : to be over 
 p. in erne's dress, cultu corporis nimis 
 accurato e.sse, Gell. i, 5. Excessively 
 {painfully) p., may be expr. by odiosus: 
 cf. Cic. Off. I, 36, I JO, adhibenda est 
 munditia non odiosa neque exqiii-nta 
 nimis. Phr: to be over p. in guarding 
 against defects, uimium [inquirere in se 
 
 atquej nietuere ne vitiosum colligaj^ 
 Cu-. Br. 82. 28j. IV. i>el"iled: sub. 
 tills, e ; {my) future letters will be more 
 p., reliquae ("pi>tolae) subtlliores erunt, 
 Cic. Alt. 5, 14, extr.: cf particularly 
 (I). V. Single: singiiii, ae, a; opp. 
 to universi ; Cic. N. I) 2, 65, i6j. 
 
 particular {subs.): 1. expr. by 
 singuli, ae, a : v. detail. 2. by sub- 
 tillter (= in detail) of these matters I 
 ii-itl irrite fuller p.s another time, haec 
 ad te scribam aliter subiilius, Cic. Att. 
 
 I, I J, 4: V. PABTICULAKLY. Phr.: tO 
 
 enter into full, p.s, omnia exsequi. Ijv. 
 27, l"), fin.: to treat all Vie p.s of a 
 subject more copiously, omnia copiosius 
 ex.. Quint. 9, j, 89: so with (.erseqni, 
 Cic. Fam. 5, ij: v. to rklate. (N.B. 
 — Sometimes res may serve: concerning 
 this p., de hac una re : v. thing). 
 
 particularity: expr. by adj.; v. 
 particular. 
 
 particularize : exsgquor, persequor, 
 J {to enter into particulars) : v. par- 
 ticular (SMb«.). 
 
 particularly : I, in detail .- sub- 
 tiliter: vhy should I write to you p. of 
 public affairs, de republica quid ego tibi 
 s. ? Cic. Att. 2, 21, init.: v. particd- 
 LAR (subs.). To treat a subject p., omnia 
 exsequi, copiose (fusius) prosequi : v. 
 fo TREAT. See also singly. \\, Espe- 
 cially, pre-emititntly : 1, prai cipue : 
 he had aluays p. favoured the stale of 
 the Aeduans, semper Aeduorum civitati 
 p. indulserat. Caes. B. 0. 7, 40; Cic. : Quint. 
 
 2. prae.sertim : v. especially (2.). 
 
 3. magnopere (magno opere); sup. 
 maxTmopere (maxinio opere), with verbs 
 of asking, requesting ; / m^st p. beg 
 and pray of you, a te maximopere 
 quaeso et peto, Cic. Fam. j, 2 : Ter. Eun. 
 J, J, 26 (separately, Thais maximo te 
 orabat opere). 4. impiimis or in 
 primis ; esp. with an adj. : it seems p. 
 difficult, in primis arduum videtur, Sail. 
 Cat. J : Caes. 5. maxime : v. espe- 
 cially {A.). (N.B. — iNot potissimutn ; 
 which = rather than any other; superl. 
 of potius.) 
 
 _ parting {subs.) : digressio ; digressus, 
 lis: Cic. Q. Fr. i, j, med. 
 
 partisan {subs.) : |, An adherent 
 of a party : 1. fautor (in good or 
 bad sense): a shout is raised by the 
 p.sof both, clamor ab utriusque fauto- 
 ribus oritur, Liv. i, 48, ad init. : so 
 strong a p. of the aristocracy, tantus 
 optimatium f!. Suet. Gr. j : cf. Cic. R. 
 Am. 6, 16, f. nobilitatis (in good sense). 
 2. expr. by stiidiosus; studeo, 2 (de- 
 noting warm attachment or devotion to: 
 the verb with dat. ; adj. with gen.) : a p. 
 of the nobility, studiosus nobilitatis, Cic. 
 Ac. 2, 40. 125 : neither to have the feel- 
 ings of a p>. nor to hate, neque stndere 
 nt- que odisse. Sail. Cat. 51, init. Join: 
 studiosi ac fautores [illius victoriaeX 
 Cie. Att. I, 16, med. 3. factiosus 
 
 (homo): Sail. Cat. 54, _^n. Also factio 
 (coUectively), the body of p.s : v. fac- 
 tion, PA RT Y. Phr.: the p.s of Plato 
 and Aristotle, illi a Platone et Aristotele, 
 Cic. Mur. JO. 6j: a tribune who teas a 
 p. of Marius, Marianus tr. pi., id. Agr. 
 J. 2, 7 : so, esp. in pi, the p.s of Sulla, 
 Sullani, ib. ; of Gracchus, Gracehani, 
 etc. II, A kind of pike: perh. bi- 
 pennis (battle-axe) : Virg. See also folL 
 art. 
 
 partisan : Phr.: to carry on a 
 p. warfare, carptim expeditis militibus 
 hostem lacessere, bellum gerei-e, cf. Liv. 
 22. 16, init. : a p. mode of narfare was 
 better than waging war uith large ar- 
 mies, mnltas passim nianus quam mag- 
 nam molem nnius exercitus rectius bella 
 gerere, id. ?, 2, extr.: a good p. leader, 
 *strenuus praedonum latronumque dux ; 
 *incursionibus populaiionibusque niagis 
 quam justo bello idoneus; *lacissendo 
 hosti magis quam justae aciei utilis 
 (idoneus). 
 
 partisanship : studium : v. pabty- 
 
 SPIRIT. 
 
 partition : I. I'he act of parting 
 or diviili7iy: partilio : /air p. of spoil 
 aequabilis praedae p., Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40.
 
 FAKTITIVE 
 
 PASS 
 
 PASS BY 
 
 Esp. the logical or rhftmval p. of a imb- 
 ject: Cic. : Quint. (Or expr. by pariior, 
 to make a p. of: v. to diviuic.) ||. 
 Tluit I'hidi paiis oTiiindes: 1. sep- 
 tum (SHcp) V. KKNCK. 2. piiies, 
 8ti8, 711. (. aU of a hnife) : v. wall. (Or 
 expr. by verb small chambeis separaUd 
 by titdodeii /is. •ciiliicula p.irva talmlis 
 distiiicUiet locuUila; cubiculoruiii series 
 loculatorum : tf. infr. 111.)- III. -^ 
 compaitnieiit : lOcdiameMtuiii : the p.s 
 (in an ariary) in wUirh the birds rmike 
 their nesls, I. (in) fjuibus iiidilicaiitavcs. 
 Col. 8, 8 : V'itr. Famished "ith p.s, Ui- 
 culatus: loxes dinded into p.s (J or 
 colours), arciilae lociilatae, Varr. ), i^. 
 
 partitive : ;»» gram 1. 1., •partillvus ; 
 M. I.. 
 
 partitively : ^ nr&m. t. t, •parti- 
 tive M. ly. 
 
 partly : 1. partlm : esp. in a double 
 senteno, j)ar£((/. . ., /larth/ : a mind p. 
 injlutni;ed by eonipwsium ; p...., ani- 
 mus p misericordia devinctus, p , 
 
 Ter. Hec. 1,2, 42. 2. nonniilla (ali- 
 qua) ex parte (to some extent) : cf. Caes. 
 B. G I. i(>, maj^na ex parte eorum pre- 
 cibus adducius: if not whiUy yet p., 
 •si non oraniiio t-iinen aliqua ex pane 
 (or aliquain jMirleMi : ct. Cic. Kam. 9, 
 I J, non oniniiio qiiiilem sed niagnam 
 partem). 3. "> pai"te (not Cic.) : this 
 teems to me p. true, qu..d mihi In parte 
 ■vernm videtin.Quini. 2, 8, 6. 
 
 partner: \, a s/iarer in anything : 
 
 1. socius ; f. socia (companion, 
 tharer, associate): Join: particeps et 
 socius et adjiitor, Cic. Att. 9, 10 : sucius 
 et consors [gloriosi laborls], id. Br. i, 2 : 
 V. cowpANioN. 2. particeps, cipis 
 
 (strictly adj): v. partaker. Comp. 
 also (1). 3. consors, rtis; p. in gains 
 and stolen goods, c. in lucrisatque funis, 
 Cic. VeiT. J, 65, extr. : usu. foil, by gen., 
 cf. s«pr. (1). II. In business: sOcius: 
 Cic.Verr. }, 20, ;o : to be condemned (for 
 fraud towards) a p., pro s. dainnari, id. 
 ¥1. 18, 45 p..i on equal terms (sharing 
 ■profits equally), ex aequis partibus socii, 
 Paul. Dig. n, 2, 6. (Not consors in 
 techniial sense; but see supr. 1, 3.) 
 
 Ill, In matrimony : coiiju.x, jugis, 
 c. : V. si'OCsK, M ATK. Po t., socius (socia) 
 tori, Ov. M. 14. 6t8; tbalami consors, 
 ib. 10, 246 {'rife). 
 partnership: I. I" gen. sense 
 
 1, sOcietas (association, sharivg) : 
 p. in crime, s. facinuruni, Cic. Pb. 
 
 13, ll.f'fl.: Sail.- V. FELUIWSHIP, AL- 
 
 LIANCK. 2. consortio (= preced.) : rf. 
 Liv. 6, 40, fin., yuaenam ista socielns, 
 quaenam eo'nsortii > est ? — (rare) ; Cic. See 
 
 also, UNION, ASS<iCIATION. ||, Jn bu- 
 
 tiness: sOcifitas : to form (enter into) p., 
 B. coire, Dig. 17, 2, i: s. contrahere, ib. 
 ^ 5 : to retire from a p., societate abire, 
 ib. } 14 to girt notice of doinij so, socie- 
 tati renuntiare, ib. } 14. I' li r. : to dis- 
 solve p., dissociaii, ib. ^ 4 : action firr 
 fraudulent p., actio pri> socio, ib. } Jl- 
 (See the chapier of Digest referred to 
 thiougtiout.) 
 
 partridge : perdix, icis, c. .- Plin. : 
 Mart. 
 
 parts: i. e. facnlties : v. part (Vi.). 
 
 parturition : partus, us (act of 
 
 bringing forth) : Cic. N. D. 2, 27, f>^). 
 (Or expr by pirio : {^nonu-n] in p. in- 
 ookeJuno /,«' irt-i.-Jununeni l/arimm in 
 oarlendu invocani, ib. ^ 68 : v. to bring 
 toKTH. Parturitio, late and rare.) 
 
 party: I a number of persons 
 united in opjiosition to otio-rs : 1, 
 [actio (e.<p. poliiica' : u>u. with worse 
 jense inan '•ng): there are p.s in all 
 the state.'', in omnibus civitatibus 1. sunt, 
 Caes. B. G. 6. 11 thep. of the oligarchs, 
 paucorum 1.. id. B C 1,22: thep. (f those 
 whoxoerefortaliingererything to I'hilip, 
 f. ad Phili|ipuni traheniiuni res, Liv. J2, 
 19, init. To denote the diffeient p.s in 
 the Circus: Ih p. of the (,'reen, prasina 
 f.. Suet. Cal. 55. 2. secta (sect or 
 school) : yiiint. ;, i j, 59 : t^ic. 3. 
 piirtes, ium ; also S'vg. (not denoting 
 tAe iTi(ia'iJ(«i/.i collectively ; but the site 
 »r interest to nhtch they belun;/) : tofrrm 
 into two p.s, in duas p. discedere, SalL 
 
 Jug. IT. Vo go orer to any one's p., in 
 pirtes transgrodi, lac. Agr. 7; so, 
 transire in panes, id. H. i, 70 : to be of 
 no p., nulliiis partis es.-*, Cic. Kam. 10, 
 ?i : V. siuK. (N.B. When the word 
 party Ls used wiibout bad sen-*', it ne(d 
 not l)e expr. by a ileliiute subs.: e.g. 
 tlie. one p., ... the other p. .... alii . . . 
 pars, .-^all. Cat. }8 : also expr. by, hi . . . 
 illi ; alieri .... alterl . note alio the 
 phr., populares, t/ie popular p.: opp. 
 optlmates, the aristocratical p., Cic. Sext. 
 45, init.) II. One (/ tivo litigants: 
 pars (not however denoting an indi- 
 vidual, but the side or interest n-ith 
 which, lie is idenlifed) : the friends of 
 the opposite p., advocati adversae p., 
 yuinl. 5, 6, extr. : Ter. : Juv. Or use 
 
 prons., the one p the other p., hlc 
 
 ille: ^. (the)oNK. |||. A gather- 
 ing fur pleasure : expr. by coena, con- 
 vivi'um, saltiitio, etc., ace. to the nature 
 of the entertiiinmeni : v. sLppkr, etc. 
 IV. '^ ■••maU dii-isiou of trotips : 
 manus, iis ; or if cavalry be referred to, 
 ala (cf. Liv. 21, 29, init., where ala 
 eqiiitum is used of a p. of hirrse, 500 
 strong); turma (v. syOADRON). V. 
 A part of an aggregate number .- expr. 
 
 by alii alii : to ship people across in 
 
 p.s, alios aique alios trausvehere, Liv. 
 j8, 16, med. VI. Connected luilh : 
 aft inis, e (with dot. or gen.) : parties to 
 this plot, huic lacinori aflinis, Cic. Cat. 
 4, J, 6: le^s freq- with gen.: id. Verr. 2, 
 2, j8, 94. 
 
 party-man : partium studlosus (ho- 
 mo): etc.: v. PARTISAN. 
 
 spirit : studium : more defi- 
 nitely, s. partium, Cic. Verr. 2, i. U, J5 : 
 &\so pi., .studia partium, Sail. Jug. 75. 
 
 wall : paries inteigerivus 
 
 (-inus): Plin. J5, 14. 49, extr. Or by 
 circimil., paries binis communis aedibus: 
 cf. Ov. M. 4, 66. 
 
 parvenu (Fr.) : novus h6mo : t 
 
 UPSTART. 
 
 paschal : paschalis, e : the p. lamb, 
 agnus p., Vulg. E.xod. xii., lem. : Hicr. 
 
 pasha : satrapes, ae, m. (nearest 
 word); pure Lat., pracfectus : v. satrap. 
 
 pashalic : satrapia or -ea : Curt. 5, 
 i,/m ; I'lin. Or praefectiira : v. go- 
 vkrnment (V.). 
 
 pasquinade : famosum carmen, etc. : 
 
 v. LAMPOON. 
 
 pass (i*-).- A. Trans.- |. To 
 go beyond : 1. praetervghor, vectus, j 
 (with aec.) : my speech seems to have 
 p.'d the rocks, scopulos praetervecta vi- 
 di'tur oratio mea, Cic. Coel. 2j, init.: 
 Caes. : v. to pass bv. 2. egredior, 
 gressus. ; (in this sense, oft. with ace.) : 
 not to pass the river JIulucha, tlumen 
 MuUichain n.m e., .Sail. Jug. no: in Cic. 
 folL by extra with cue. : cf. id. Quint. 10, 
 J5, cerios lines terniinosque consiiliiaiii, 
 exiraquos non egredlar. 3. transeo, 
 4, irr. : v. to cross. ||. To exceed : 
 V. TO SURPASS. III. To lire through, 
 spend time Vhr.: to p. all one's life- 
 lime in anything, omiiem aeiatem in 
 aliqua re terere, Cic. de Or. }, 51, 12 j: 
 to p. one's ii'hole lifetime free from 
 annoyance, omne tenipus aet:itis sine 
 molestia degere, id. Sen. i, 2 (v. to 
 spend): vitam transire [silentioj, Sail. 
 Cal. I, is a rare expr. : to p. tlie loiteiing 
 day over ivine, moranteni dlcm mero 
 frangere (po.-t.), Ilor. Od. 2. 7, 6. |V. 
 To send on from one to another : triido, 
 didi, ditum, ? : to p. the cup to any one. 
 poculum alicui t., Cic. Tusc. i, 40. 96: 
 Lucr. to p. buckets from hand to liand, 
 *hamas per maims tradere. V. ''<' 
 utter autlioritafively : esp. in phr., to p. 
 sentence : deeerno, crevi, turn, i : to p. 
 senteive in any one's favour, secundum 
 aliquem d., Cic. Fam. 16, 16. C : Caes. : 
 V. sentence. VI. '^ f <K^' *"' '■•^'''' 
 lution : Phr.: to p. a law on any sub- 
 ject, lepjeni jiibire de aliqua re, Cic. Hal. 
 17, J8 (denoting the ociion of the people) .- 
 so, rogaiionem juhere. Sail. Jug. 40: 
 also julH'o is in this s'-nse often used 
 absol. : top. a resolution conremivg u-ar, 
 de bello j., Liv. j8, 4? : the senate p. d a 
 decree, decrevit senatus: past : v. TO 
 
 DECREE. (Perferre legem, to suoerd in 
 getting a law p.'d.) See also to enact 
 VII. 'Jo wimit.alloir : Phr.: lop. 
 accounts, Habulas accept! et dispeiini 
 inspectas approbare ; ratas habere - v. 
 TO approve, CONFIRM. Misci-ll. I'hr. ; 
 to p. one's eyes oi'er (a writing), nculo 
 [oculis] percurrere, Hor. .S. 2, i. ;; : to 
 p. cheese through a Sf i«, ca-M-um per 
 crlbruni facerc [ul] transeat. Cat<i R. K. 
 76, med. (also, cribro cernere ; cribrare . 
 V. SIEVE) : to p. water, urinam reddere, 
 Cehi. 2, 7, med. : to p. mw-ter, *iU\iA 
 (praefecto) se approbare (cf. I'dC. Agr. 5, 
 init.). B. In trans.: |. Pi go by 
 from onepla/e to anoUier 1. prae- 
 
 tSreo, praetervShor, etc. v. TO pass by, 
 et*. 2. meo, I (to go along, find a 
 passage) .- esp. of Oiingt ; >o that wagons 
 can barely p. in single hie. Ita ui vix 
 singula meent plaiisira, Plin. 6. 14, 17: 
 the heat p.'s through the v>jid, vapor 
 per inane vacuwin m., Lucr. 2, ija 
 (N.B. -For phr. in passing, v. passing.) 
 II, Of time ; to go by, elapse : 1. 
 transeo. 4, irr. : many mimihs had al- 
 ready p.'d, and tlie ninter luul already 
 set in, multi jam transieranl menses, et 
 hiems jam praecipilaverat, C.ies. H. 0. . 
 J, 25, init. : Afric. Dig. 7, i. 37. 2. 
 intercedo, j. v. TO klap.se. See also 
 TO pass away. bv. Ill, To beeome 
 changed : 1. abeo, 4, irr. : K p.'s into 
 U, E in U abit, Varr. L. L. 5, 16, 2b : hi* 
 arms p. into l^gs, abeunt in crura lacerii, 
 Ov. iM. I, 2}6. See also To change. 
 2. transeo, 4, trr. ; to p. (be turned) 
 into wine, in vinum tr., Plin. 22, 24, 52: 
 Ov. IV. 7b lie transferred from one 
 oirnier to anotli>r : perv^nio, vgni, ven- 
 tuni, 4 : the nliole inheritance p't to the 
 daughter, omnis hereditas ad tiliam p., 
 Cic. Fill. 2, 17, 55 : top. to any one law- 
 fully, jure ad aliquem p., iJ. Top. 6. 29. 
 V. To be cari-ied, receive the sanc- 
 tion of a legislali re house : Phr.: that 
 law could not p., *ca lex perferri non 
 potuit ; populo persuader! non potuit 
 ui eam legem juberet, scisceret, de- 
 cerneret : v. supr. (A., VL). VI. ^o 
 be looked upon, regarded ; usu. foil, by 
 for : 1. pass, of habeo, 2 (not neces 
 sarily implying that the esiimate is 
 lalse) : he p.'d for a person of great 
 military experience, peritissimus rei 
 militaris habebatur. Caes. B G. i, 21 
 esp. foil, by pro when the case Is not 
 really so: to p. for unsaid, pr.i non dicto 
 habiri, Liv 2), 22, ad fiv. (with ref. to 
 an indiscreet utterance) : v. to consider 
 (IV.). 2. expr. by pro after other 
 verbs: so incredible did tlie circum- 
 stance appear, that the messenger p.'d 
 for a liar, adeo incredibilis res visa est, 
 ut pro vano nuntius audiretur, Liv. J9, 
 49, med.: to p. Jor one already con- 
 demned and executed, jam pro damnato 
 inortuoque esse, Cic. Verr. 4, 15, init. 
 See also f.ill. artt. 
 
 j. Of time; to takt 
 1 MxH). 4, irr. : that 
 abut ille annus. Cic 
 : Hor. (Not practereo 
 in exactly this sense: v. to pass bv.) 
 2. cedo, ssi. ssum, ?: Aoui* and 
 days and months a-id years p. an-ay, 
 horae c, et dies, et mt-nses. et anni. Cic. 
 Sen. 19, 69. So comp., proced... ? (esp. 
 when apart of a gii-en time is spoken 
 of as gone) : when a good part of the 
 night had p.'d anay. iibi plerumque 
 noctis processerat. Sail. Jug. 21. 3. 
 transeo, 4, irr. (rare in exactly this 
 sense) : /i/e will p. aoay. iran.^let aeliui, 
 rib. I, 4, 27 : V. TO PAS.S (B ,11.). 4. 
 labor, psiis, } (to glide a-ay imper- 
 ceptibly : poet.) : Hor. ai 2, 14, 2 (fu- 
 gaces I. anni) Ov. 5. pass, ol con- 
 sumo, mpsl. mptuin J (to take up time) : 
 v. TOCONsnMEi ID.sPEND. Phr. to let 
 one dav after another p. avay, diem ex 
 die ducre, Gies- B. G. i, 16. || To 
 come to an end : 1. transeo. 4 an 
 empire soim lop. a "ay, Imperium hrevi 
 traii>itHriini. I'ac H. 1, 52, ./'n. 2. m- 
 f6reo, p<"T.-ii. .ccido v. TO perish. 
 
 by : I. L i L : 1. praetCreo 
 
 4 irr. (sen. term): to p. by some gardens. 
 
 pass away : 
 
 its departure : 
 year p.'d away, 
 Sext. } 5, 7 1 : Ter.
 
 PASS OFF 
 
 PASSAGE 
 
 PASSION 
 
 liortos p., Cic. Fin. 5, i, fm.: see also 
 PASSING (in). 2. praetergredior, gres- 
 sus, J (iulreq.) : ijoa had alreadi/ p.'d 
 by (my) camp, Ic jam castra praeter- 
 gressum esse, Cic. Fam. 5, '7, med. 3. 
 praetervglior, cius, i (on hwsel>ack cr 
 lliipboardj : (mariners) that vere p.ing 
 by, qui praetervelitbantur, Cic. Fin. 5, 
 18, 49 With direct ace. : on the second 
 day they p. by (sail past) ApoUonia, al- 
 tero die Apullonlam praetervebuutur, 
 Caes. B. C. j, 26. 4. praeternno, i 
 (v. rare) : Lucr. i, ?i9. ||. Fig.: of 
 time . 1, praeiereo, 4, irr. : the (ap- 
 pointed) time has p.'d by, tempus prae- 
 teriit, Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 4 : id. Hh. }, 2, 41 : 
 Cic. S<?n. iq, 69. 2. transeo, 4, iir. : 
 ■when tlie day Jixed by the law has p.'d 
 by, quum dies legis tran>ierit, Cic. Att. 
 ■J, 7, med. Ill, A'ot to notice : prae- 
 tereo, 4, irr. : y. to pass over, osiit. 
 
 pass off : I. Todepirt: 1, abeo, 
 4, irr.: has your sea-siclcness quite p.'d 
 off yet? nau.seajamne plane al>iit.? Cic. 
 Att. 14, 10, med. 2. decedn, ^si, ssum, 
 i • the ague has p.'d off, quartana de- 
 cessit, ib. 7,2, ad iiiit. ||. Trans.: 
 in phr. to p. oneself off for . . . . : \, 
 fero, J, irr. (with pron. reji.) : he tried 
 to p. himself for f'hilip, se Philippum 
 ferebat, Veil! i, 11 : Suet. 2. e.\pr. by 
 impono, Il0^ui, Hum, } : of. Quiiu. 8, 6, 
 20, populo imposuinius et oratores visi 
 snmus. 
 
 on ; pergo, perrexi, ctuni. j (to 
 
 go forward) -. let us p. on to what re- 
 mains, perganius ad reliqua, Cic. Br. 4 1, 
 init. : v. to proceed. 
 
 over : I. '/"o cross ot-er : 
 
 transeo, trajTcio, etc. : v. to cross over. 
 II, To yo over to another party: 
 transgredior, transeo: v. to go over 
 (II-)- III. Trans., to take no notice 
 of: 1. praetereo, 4. i?T. : to p. over a 
 passage throwjh neglict, locum pr. neg- 
 ligeiitia, Ter. Ad. prol. 14 : to p. over 
 and omit, pr. ac relinquere, Cic. Verr. j, 
 44, 106. 2. praeterraitto, misi, ssum, 
 J (like preced.) : Caes. : Cic. ; v. to 
 OMIT. 3. less freq. mitlo, ; : cf. Cic. 
 Mur. 15, fin., mittu proelia; praetereo 
 oppugnalibnes oppidorum (=:: praeter- 
 raitto): Ter Also loll, by sub), clause, 
 or de with abl. : I p. we)' the fact, that 
 . . . ., mitto quod .... (with subj.), Cic. 
 Fam. 15, 4 : / p. over the loss of a very 
 large part of the armii, niitto de amissa 
 ma.xima parte exerciius. id. in Pis. 20, 
 47. IV. Also Trans., to neglect in 
 tlie bestownient of anything : praetereo, 
 4, irr. : to p. over a brother's son (in 
 making one's will), fratris filiuni pr., 
 Cic. I'h. 2, 16, 41 and esp., to p. over 
 (not to elect) a candidate for office : id. 
 PI. }, 8. 
 
 round : i- e. to hand round : 
 
 perh. circuinlero, ;, i)T. ; v. to ham) 
 bound. Or perh. better expr. by trililo, 
 didi, dituni, } : v. to pass (A. IV.). 
 Also liitrans.: uhile the cup is p.ing 
 round, *(iun) traditur poculum per 
 manus convi varum. 
 
 through : 1. transeo, 4, 
 
 irr.: the son of Domitius p.'d through 
 Formiae [on such a dale], Dumitii filius 
 transiit Forniias, Cic. Att. 9, j, init. 
 2. more treq. expr. by per after 
 various verbs : the sjiear p.'s through 
 both templfS, it hasta per tempus utrum- 
 que, Virg. Aen. 9. 418 : to p. (make a 
 way) Ihrouyh the enemy, per hostes 
 vadere, Tac. H. ;, 41 : the hvpurales 
 p.'s right through Seleucia, Kuphrates 
 vadit per ipsani Mesopotamiam, Plin. 5, 
 2'), 21 . the weapon p.'d through the hel- 
 met, teliim per galeitm adaclum est (cf. 
 Tac. A. 6. 15. vulnus pergaleam adegit). 
 
 , come to : fi', factum est, etc. : 
 
 how comes it to p., qui tit ? Hor. Sal. 
 I, I, init. : V. to happen. (Very freq. 
 in late Lat. of Vulg., it came to p., fac- 
 tum est: Matthew xi. l, etc.) 
 
 . to let : 1. praetermitto, } : 
 
 riot to let a single day p. (nithout v ril- 
 ing), nullum diem p., Cic. Att. 9, 14. 
 2. transmitto, j (to allow to p. 
 through) : to let an army p. through, 
 exerciium [per fines] tr., Liv. 21, 24, 
 540 
 
 extr. : not to let the rain p. through, 
 inibres non tr., Plin. 16, 10, 19 } 48. 
 
 pass (subs.) : Phr.: to think matters 
 should hate come to such a p. I adeone 
 rem rediisse ! Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, ?7 (foil, 
 by ut) : things had come to such a p., 
 eo rerum ventum erat. Curt. 5, 12: v. 
 
 PITCH. 
 
 passable : I. Through or along 
 
 which one Ttiay pass : 1, pervius 
 
 (affording a passage) : the enemy had 
 occupied such forests as were p., hostes 
 saltus p. ceperant, Liv. 9, 4} : most 
 easily p (fordable), ma.xime p., Tac. A. 
 I2,i2,med. 2. e.\pr. by transeo, 4, 
 iiT. : the Rhone is in iCveral places p. by 
 a ford, Khodanus nonimllis locis vado 
 transitur, Caes. B. G. i, 6: Liv. Phr. : 
 (a road) barely p. for i' aggmis in single 
 file, vix qua singuli carii ducaiitur, Caes 
 B. G. I, 6 : (a road) not p. for artillery, 
 *qua tormenta graviora nullo niodo 
 trahantur : a district not p. for cavalry 
 on account of marshes, *loca palustria 
 atque equitibus invia (v. impassable) : 
 to make p., munire : e. g., m. rupem, 
 Liv. 21, J7 : cf. id. 27, 39, med., per 
 munita pleraque transitu fratris, quae 
 antea invia fuerant, duxit (n)un-e before 
 there ivas no road, but made p. by Han- 
 nibal) : a road perfectly (or easily) p., 
 *via qua commode, facile, ire s. ingredi 
 possis; via aperta atque facilis. ||. 
 F i g., tolerable : 1. tolerabilis, e r p. 
 orators, t. oratores, Cic. de Or. i, 2, 8. 
 (Not patibills [= that can be suffered or 
 endured : rare] in this sense.) 2. 
 
 mediocrls, e ■ v. middling. 
 
 passably : 1. toierabtliter : Col. 
 2, 2, init. (In Cic. = patiently.) 2. 
 mfidiocriter : Cic. : v. moderately (11.). 
 
 passage : \. -Act of passing or 
 
 crossing : 1. transltu^, us : the p. (of 
 the Alps) try the Carthaginians, tr. 
 Piienorum, Liv. 21, j8, /«..- so Tench- 
 therorum tr., Caes. B. G. 5, 55 (p. of 
 the Rhine by the Tenchth^i) : but also 
 (later), Alpium tr Tac. H. i, 70 (in 
 Liv. 21, 2J, init., transitus Alpium= t/te 
 passes of the Alps). 2. transltio 
 
 (= preced. ; but infrcq.): to effect its 
 (the sun's) p. into another sign, in aliud 
 signum tr. facere, Vitr. 9, i (4), 11. 
 3. transgressio (= precedd.) : the 
 p. of the Gauls (over the Alps), tr. 
 Gallorum, Cic. in lis. jj, 81. 4. 
 
 transmissio (by water): your former p., 
 superior tua tr. (= navlgatio), Cic. Att. 4, 
 17, init. 5. tngectio (esji. like pre- 
 ced., across the water) : Cic. Att. 8, i;. 
 Also in same sense (oftener in sense 
 IV.), trajectus, iis : lie tirice encountered 
 a storm mi his p., tenipestate in tra- 
 Jectu bis conflictatus, Suet. Aug. 17, 
 med. 6, e.\pr. by verb : the p. of the 
 Alps being effected in 15 days, quinto 
 decimo die Alpibus superaiis, Liv. 21, 
 J 8, init. : by what route he effected the 
 p. of the Alps, quanam Alpes transient, 
 ib. med. : during his p. of the Apennines, 
 he encountered a violent storm, transeun- 
 tem Apenniniim atrox adorta teinpestas 
 est, id. 21, 58, init.: everything being 
 got ready for the p. (of the river), om- 
 nibus satis comparatis ad trajiciendum, 
 id. 21, 27, init. : V. to cross (over), pass. 
 7. freq. iter, itineris, n., may serve : 
 to effect a p. through the province, iter 
 per provinciam facere, Caes. B. G. i, 7 : 
 v. MARCH, jouknet. 1|. Libeity to 
 pa^s through: Phr.: to allow any one 
 a p., alicui [per agros urbesquej trans- 
 itum dare, Liv. 21, 20, init.: iter alicui 
 [per provinciam] dare, Caes B. G. 1,8; 
 facultatem [per provinciani] itineris 
 faciendi dare, ib. i, 7 : to afford an army 
 a p. through territory, exerciium per 
 fines transmittere, Liv. 21, 24. |||. 
 Migration : Phr.: birds of p., (aves) 
 advgnae : the storks are winter birds of 
 p., the cranes summer ones, ciconiae 
 hiemis, grues aestaiis advenae, Plin. 10, 
 2!, Ji Varr. K. R. ?, 5, med.: as a 
 class, genus (avium) adventicium, Varr. 
 1. c. : the thrush is a bird of p., turdi 
 quotannis in [Italiam] trans mare ad- 
 volant, et eodem revolanl, Varr. 1. c. 
 (the whole passage is marked aa an 
 
 interpolation in Bipont. Ed.). |V. 
 A nay or route by which to pass from 
 one country to another (by sea) : tra- 
 jectus, lis : the shortest p. to Jiritain, 
 brevissimus ir. in Britanniam, Caes. B. 
 G. 4, 21: most convenient p., tr. com- 
 modissinuis, i'j. 5, 2. V. -^ commu- 
 nicatiun between two places: 1. 
 
 transltio (thoroughfare) : more fully, tr. 
 pervia, Cic. N. U 2, 27, init.: cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 45J, where pervius usus tee- 
 totum inter se, denotes a p. by which 
 tuo dwellings communicate with each 
 other. 2. Iter: Vitr. 6, 6 (9), fn. 
 
 (where the term itinera is applied 10 the 
 corridms and passages in a house, gene- 
 rally). Phr.. to open a p. into a 
 house, aedes pervias facere, cf. Ter. Ad. 
 
 5, 7, 14. VI. -^ JJat/t by which any- 
 thing Jinds exit or access; esp. in the 
 f'ody ■ 1. Iter: the urinary p., urinae 
 i., Cels. ',, 26, I : the p. for the voice. 
 vocis i., Virg. Aen. 7, 5J4. 2. mea- 
 tus, US: the auditory passages, audiendl 
 m., Plin. 28, ij, 55. In same sense 
 (less good), iransitus : id. 2J, 2, 28 (audi- 
 liis tr.). VII. I'ortion of a book: 
 locus ; pi. usu. loci ; less freq. loca : to 
 karn by lieart sehct p.sfrom the poets, 
 electos ex poetis I. ediscere, Quint. 1, 
 I, }6: ib. 1, II, 12, etc.: we repeat p.s 
 without being encored, loca jam reci- 
 tata revulvinius irrevocati, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 
 1. 22J. 
 
 passenger : vector (esp. on board 
 ship): to take up a p., v. toUere, Macr. 
 
 2, 5, extr.: Cic. R.'s fare, vectura, 
 iiaulum (by boat): v. fake (11.) 
 
 passer-br : expr. by praetereo : 
 p.s-by, qui praetereunt per vias, PI. 
 Merc. 5, 4, 40: in all cases except nom. 
 sing., the imptrf. part, may be used, 
 L. G. $ 6j8 : Lucr. has praetermeantes, 
 I, J 19. v. TO PASS BY. 
 
 passing (subs.) : chiefly in adv. phr., 
 in pauing : 1. praetfiriens (with 
 
 just a glance, such as one pasHng by 
 might bestoiv), in agreement with sub- 
 ject: Cic. Br. 54, 200: with quasi: / 
 vill, as it were '.n p., do justice to 
 them all at once, quasi praeteriens 
 satlsfaciam universis, id. Div. Verr. 
 1^, extr. 2. obiter (not in Cic): io 
 expose, in p., the folly of Magic, ob. 
 vaniiatem Magicam coarguere, Plin. J7, 
 9, J7 : Sen. 3. '" transcursu : Join: 
 breviter atque in transcursu, Plin. j, 5, 
 
 6, i J9. 
 
 passing (adv.) : admCdum, etc. : v. 
 
 EXCKK1>INGLV. 
 
 passing-bell ; *campSna quae ipso 
 mortis tempore sonat. 
 
 passion: I. feeing acted upon: 
 passio : either in action or in p., vel in 
 actu vel in p., Prise. 8, init. (de verbo). 
 Or expr. by verb ; a venb is expressive 
 of action or p.,vi:T\i\iTa agendi vel pa- 
 tiendi significativum, I'risc. \. c. ||, 
 J'revaleiit emotion: 1. cupiditas 
 
 (strong desire of any Hnd: esp. lust, 
 avai~ice, or cupidity) : undisciplined 
 and unbridled p.s, indomitae c. atque 
 effrenatae, Cic. Verr. 2, l, 24, init.: v. 
 DESIRE. (N.B. — Not applicable to such 
 p.s as envy, hatred, piide.) 2. (animi) 
 perturbaiio (a philos. term) : cf. Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 5, 10, quae Graeci rraSi) vocant, 
 noliis pertnrbutiones appellari niagis 
 placet: id. Fin. i, 10, fin. 3. (animi) 
 moius, us ; with or without animi, ace. 
 to context (gen. term, denoting excite- 
 ment or eiiiotiiM of any k-ind) : v. 
 EMOTION. 4. pernotio (stronger than 
 motus : hence more adequate to the 
 expression of Eng.) : those p.s (fear, 
 pity, etc.) have been imparted Io our 
 minds by nature, p. istae ivnimis nostris 
 a natura datae, Cic. Ac. 2, 44. IJ5: 
 id. de Or. 1, 12, ?!. Phr.: to work 
 upon men's p.s, hominum mentes ad 
 iram, odium, dolorem, etc., incitare, Cic. 
 de Or. I.e.: they affirm that the mind 
 of the wise man is not disturbed by p., 
 animum sapientis commoveri et coiitur- 
 bari negani, id. Ac. I.e. (N.B. — Pa.ssio 
 in this sense is without authority.) 
 Ill, SpecrMy, sensual desire : libido 
 inis,/. : the p.s are stimulated to their
 
 PASSIONATE 
 
 PASTORAL 
 
 PAT ENT 
 
 gratification, libidineg (Gr. en-iflu/nt'at) it isdecl. pascUa.atia, n. : Anibros.: etc.) 
 
 wi pbtiundum incilantur, Cic, Sen. 12, 
 jg: so ivjlametl by p., llbidiiie sic ac- 
 censa. (femiiia), Sail Cat. 25. |V. 
 Violent augn-. ira, iracundia : v. pas- 
 8toN. Phr. : to gtt into a p., irasci (v. 
 ANGRY, TO BK): to Jlij iiito a violent p., 
 exardescere iracundia ei stumaclio, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 2, Jo, 48; iracundia inflaiiimari, 
 id. Tusc. 4, 22, 50: in a lowennij p., fu- 
 ribuudus, Sull. Cat. }i, .An.; imiKit.ns 
 Irae, Liv. 29, 9, ad fin. : iinpotens aiiiiui, 
 Curt. 8, 1, Jin.: to do anything umier 
 the influence 0/ p., impetu vl ira alicjuid 
 facere, lac. (ier. t$: arou.<>ii to Jar 
 more violent p., iti multo iinpoientiorem 
 rabieni acceii.sus. Liv. 29, 9, med. V- 
 <jTeat fondness J'or: studiuin: according 
 CO what was the ruling p. of each, uti 
 iiyusque s. fl.igrabat, iSall. Cat. 14: of. 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 1'nti. I'lir. : Albius has a 
 p.Jor bronzts, stupet Albius aere, Hor. 
 Sat. I, 4, 28 : 1*'=.'^ strongly his p. is for 
 horses and dogs, gaudct cquis canibus- 
 que, id. A. P. 162 an incurable p. 
 for icriti)ig, insanabile scrilicndi ca- 
 coetlu'-s, Juv. 7, 52. VI. Sujfering; 
 applied to the sufferings of our Lord : 
 passio: he shoired himself alice after 
 his p., praebuit spip.^uni vivum post p. 
 suam, Vulg. Act. i. j: Id. Pbil. iii. lo.etc.: 
 or perb. better, perpcssiones Chri.sti: 
 Niigels. Stil. p. 4J (L. C. ^591). I'hr.; 
 F.-music. *conceritus mcdiuuidis Christ i 
 cruciatibu-s Kr. : I'.-neek, ♦leiiipuscele- 
 brandae mortis et doloruni Chnsti, Bau. 
 (in Kr.): /'./^^it'er, *passiflora (Linn.). 
 passionate: I. fervent, impas- 
 
 sioned: fervidus, ardens, fliigraiis : v. 
 
 IMPASSIONED, FBKVENT. ||. (r'iutTl tO 
 
 bursts of anger : 1. iracundus : some- 
 what too p., iractindior paulo, llur. S. i, 
 J, 29 : one man is more p. than atiotlu-i', 
 alius alio iracuiidlor, Cic. 'l'\i>c. 4, J7, init. 
 2. cSrebrOsus {hot-headed, hasty) : 
 Hor. S. 1,5, 21: PI. 3. praect'ps in- 
 genio in iram : L'v. 2!, ■;, extr. (Impo- 
 tens irae = unable to control one's tem- 
 per, at any given time: cf. Liv. 29,9, 
 ad Jin.) 
 passionately: I. with passionate 
 
 ardour: Pbr. : to hep. in love, aniorc 
 ardere, Ter. Eiin. i, 1, ti : also with- 
 out amore, and foil, by in and abl. of 
 object, or ace. : the yod fell />. in love 
 vrith her, deus arsit in ilia, Ov. M. 8, 50: 
 for direct ace. si-i- Virg. E. 2, i : also, 
 deperire anjorn alicujus (lit. to be dying 
 with love for any one), Liv. 27, 15. mcxl. : 
 likewise foil, by in and abl., Cuit. 8, 6; 
 or direct ace. PI. : also, eflu.sf amaie 
 (not of sexual love), Plin. 6, 26, 2 lam 
 p. desirous of seeing your J'allurs, efferor 
 studio patres vestros videiidi, Cic. Sen. 
 i J. 8} ; p devoted to every land of learn- 
 ing, summe onuiiuni doctrinaruni studi- 
 osus, Cic. Kara. 4, t. lin. : he vas p. fond 
 of play, aleani studiosissime lusit, .Suet. 
 CI. J5 : to be p. bent on doing something, 
 gestire aliquid lacere (v. to LON(i): see 
 
 also KAOERI.V, KaRNE-STLY, I'l'UVKNTr.Y. 
 
 II, With anger : irficunde : v. an- 
 grily. 
 passionateness : iracundia : v. 
 
 ANGER. 
 
 passionless; impasslbilis, e: Lact. 
 J, i.Jin. (Or by circuml., perturbationi- 
 btis aiiimi carens, liiier : v. pa.ssion, 11.) 
 
 passive: passlvus (only as gram. 
 t. t.) : p. vtrbs. verba p.. Prise. 8, puss. : 
 Charij. : called by (Jell., verba habentia 
 patiendi fiRurain, N. A., 18, 12: or 
 simply, verba p.itiendi, ib. P h r. : to be 
 p. under injuries, *iiijurias pati, tole- 
 rare : to render a p. obedience, *patiendo 
 solum imperils parere (?). 
 
 passively : passive (as gram. 1. 1.) : 
 Prise. 
 
 passiveness / expr. by piitior, to- 
 
 passivity (lero: V. TO i;ni)CRe. 
 
 Passover: Pascha, indecl. neut. (a< 
 in Gk. TO TTiicr^^a) to rat tin- ])., inaiuln- 
 care Pascha, VuIk. .Job. .wiii. 28; et 
 pass. (N.H. — In gen, VuIr. has I'as- 
 cbae, as if iroiii Jem. Pascha; cf. ib. 
 Luc. ii. 41, in die sollenni Paschae . .Job. 
 xii. ante sex dies Paschae; but the <icc. 
 i>; always Pascba. In later writers >iill, 
 
 Belonging to the P., Paschaliii, e 
 
 PASCHAL. 
 
 passport : • llbellus peregrinandi 
 causa datus (the term llbellus being 
 used of various documents, as uarronts, 
 etc.: cf. Paul. Dig. 59, 4, 4). Or perh. 
 diploma, atis (a term applied to various 
 documents conveying a privilege) : cf. 
 Cic. Att. 10, 17, Jin., where It deuotea a 
 formal licence to quit Italy. 
 
 pass-word : tessera (strictly, a small 
 square tablet in whicli the p. teas ivrit- 
 ten): the p. had been tent through the 
 camp, t. per castra data erat, Liv. 2';, 46, 
 init. (where the ref. is to an instruction 
 Jr<rm the commanding officer) : Suet. 
 Gal. 6 (data tessera, " ut manus paenulis 
 continerent ") : Auct. B. Hisp. ib. exlr 
 The officer who gives out the p., te^se- 
 rarius: Tac. H. i, 25. 
 
 past (odj-) ■• I. Jn Ren. sense, gone 
 by: praeteritus: p. time, pr. tempus, 
 Cic. Sin. 19. 68 : also as p. jiart. : uhen 
 the pleasantness of spring-time is p., p. 
 verni temporis suavitate, Cic. Sen. 19, 
 •JO : also in gram., ttie p. tense, pr. tem- 
 pus. yuint. I, 4, fin. Olt. used ellipii- 
 cally, the p. : v. foil. art. (N.B.— Not 
 exactus nor tinitiis, as adj., though they 
 may be used participially : cl. Virg. G. 
 J9D.) II. Iminedialely preceding: 
 
 pioximus, superior : v. preceding, 
 
 FORMER. 
 
 past (s^ute.) ■• neut. of praeteritus: to 
 grant any one an indemnity Jor the 
 p., aliquem venia in piaeieritum donare. 
 Suet. I>iin). 9. Esp. n. pi. {the past, col- 
 lectiVrly : irith all its events): to remem- 
 ber the p., to see the present, memini.s-se 
 praeteritorum, praiseuiia cernere, Cic. 
 Uiv. I, JO, 6;; Caes. Phr.: admirer 
 of the p.. lauduti temporis acti [se 
 puero], Hor. A. P. 17! (strictly, without 
 sense apart from the words in brackets.). 
 past (P'''P-) ■■ I. 01 place, praeter, 
 with ace. (alter verbs of motion): he 
 marched his forces p. Caesar's camp, 
 p. castra Caesaris copias suas tradu.\il, 
 Caes. B. G. I, 48 : I'er. ||. Of time : 
 
 perb. ultra, with ace. : cf. Quint, j, i, 9, 
 ultra Socratem diiravit. Or expr. by 
 verb : is it already p. the time, jam ea 
 (dies) praeteriit? I'er. Ph. J, 2, 41 ; see 
 also late (too). 
 
 paste (.subs.): farina (strictly, /iour 
 or nu-al) : p. Jor .^licking paper, f. qua 
 chartae glutinantur, Plin. 22, 2;, 60: 
 more detiniiely, f. chartaria, ib. i, index 
 ad I.e. (Gluten is (//ut: q. v.) 
 
 paste (W-) ■■ glut'ino, I : Plin. 22, 25, 
 60. 
 
 paste-board : *charta crassa, com- 
 pluribus plagulis conglutinatis facta. 
 
 pastern : suffnlgo, inls, /. .- Col. 6, 
 i5,/».: Plin. (y.) 
 
 pastille : pastillus {globule for 
 scenting the breath) : Hor. S. i, 2, 27. 
 Phr.: to bum p.s, odores incendere, 
 Cic. Tusc. J. 18, extr. (better to express 
 thus generally than to aim at a precise 
 description of a p.). 
 
 pastime : 1. oblectamcntum (amttse 
 ment, recreation : v. Habicht, ij Hi) : (he 
 rest and p. of my old age, requies 
 o.-quo senectutis meae, Cic. Sen. 15, 51 : 
 Suet. Also, obleciatio: p. {recreation) 
 in retirement, olii o., Cic. Ac. 1, j, 11 : 
 v. amusement. 2. liidus: v. game, 
 SPORT. P h r. : to take up n eaptms by 
 nay <f p., siA ludendum arma suuiere, 
 Cic. <le Or. 2, 20, 84 : so, by way of p., 
 ludens (in agr. with subject), id. Par. 
 prooeni. ^ j al.-io, auimi uuisa (./<"' the 
 sake of amusement) : to kop animals 
 by way of p., aninialia alere auimi vo- 
 luptatisqile causd, Caes. B. G. ;, 12 : 
 Cic. : and, del< ctationis causft, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 14. 59: to take one's p., se oblec- 
 tarc, id. Ort. }, 14, 58. 
 
 pastor : pastor (Christianus) : v. 
 sni- piiKKD. 
 
 pastoral {"''j): I. Relating to 
 
 ishephrrds : 1. pastoralls, e; ap.lije, 
 p. vita, Varr. R. K. 2, i. cu/ init. : Cic: 
 Liv. 2. paslOrtcius (less freq.): o p. 
 and rustic Jratemily, sodalitas p. atque 
 agrestis, Cic. Coel. 11, 26: on p. nuu- 
 
 ters, de p. re, Varr. R. R. 2, I, init. 
 3. pastorius (poet.) : tfte p. Jeslioai 
 (Palilia), p. sacra, Ov. K. 4, 7:;". ||. 
 Iieiiiiting a style rf poetry: btic61icuf 
 IfiovKo^iKO^) ■■ a p. poem, bucolicoii 
 poema, CoL 7, lo.ftti. (unliss Biicilicon 
 be there gen. pi.) : to trifle in p. strains, 
 b. ludere modis, Ov. F. I, 518. |||. 
 Relating to the office of a (lirittian 
 pastor: *ad offlcium pastorls Chrisllani 
 pertlnens: sometimes, for brevity, pas- 
 toralls may be used : tlie p. EpislUs, "S. 
 Paiili epistolae pastorales (quae ferur> 
 tur) : p. theology, *tliiologia pastoralis 
 quae dicitur; theologlae ea pars quae 
 de officio Cliristlaiil pastorls est. 
 
 pastoral {suits.): carmen s. poema 
 bucolicum : V. preced. art. (11.) Id pi. 
 bucolica, on (as subs.) : Virg. lem. 
 
 pastorate : Phr.: after a long p., 
 ♦quuin multos annos Chri^tiani pastorls 
 paries susllniiisset, Christlanae ecclesiae 
 pastorem egisset. 
 
 pastry : 1. crustum (bated patle) : 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, 78 { pi. =■ sweet cakes): 
 Virg. JJimin. cnislul.i, oriim {confec- 
 tionary) : Hor S. i, i, 25 : Sen. 2. opus 
 pistorium quod adipe confi' itur ; adl- 
 palum {made n-ith lard) : Charis. 7}. 
 
 pastry-cook : 1. crustuiarius : 
 Sen. Ep. 5'j, j. 2, pistor dulclarius : 
 Mart. 14, 222, lem. I'.- cook's shop, 
 popina {cook-shop, eating-house) : Sen. 
 I.e.: Hor. 
 
 pasturage: I. Grajsing for cattle: 
 1, pastus, us {food for cattle of any 
 kind): v. kkju (7) 2. piibi'ilum: 
 
 V. FODDER. II, Grazing-ground : 
 
 1, pa.scuum arable land, ivoodlaud and 
 p., arvum, .irbustum, p., Cic. Rep. 5, 2 : 
 country destitute of p., rus quod pascuo 
 caret. Col. 7, i: Varr. Also, pascuus 
 uger, Pi. True. I. 2, 5 J. 2. pastio: 
 wide p.s, laxae p., Varr. R. R. i. I2,tn>t 
 To go out top., pastum exire, Varr.: v. 
 TO graze. 
 
 pasture {subs.): pabtilum, etc.: t. 
 
 PASrURAGE. 
 
 pasture (>>■)■ pasco, pavi, stum, ? : 
 to p. so many herds of cattle, tot greges 
 p., Varr. 2, i," ad fin. : Cic : v. to fked. 
 For intrans. sense, v. to graze. 
 
 pasty: artOcreas, atis, n.; Pera. 6, 
 ;o. 
 
 pat (<«y-)-" rhr. : the story was .'^o 
 p. to the occasion, *adeo rei ipsi fabula 
 convenire videbalur : ita in tempore 
 res narrata es.-« videbatur: that's p., 
 rem acu tetigisti ! cf. PI. Rud. 5. 2. >9- 
 See also snrrABi.E. 
 
 pat («•) •■ Pli r. : top. a horse's neck, 
 *tqui cervicem tanquam permulcendo 
 maiiu pulsare: cf. Ulp. I'g.q. '. ^-i'l- 
 equum permulcere vel palpari, to caress 
 or stioke him. 
 
 patch {subs.) : 1. pannus : one or 
 two bright red p-S are sewed on (tig.), 
 purpureiis units et alt'-r assuitur p.. Hor. 
 A. P. 15. Hence, /«W of rags and ps, 
 paiinosus: v. ragged. 2. conimls- 
 sura (late in this sense): Vulg. Matt, 
 ix. 16. Luc. v. 56 3. assiinientum 
 (late and rare): ib. Mar. li. 21. 
 
 patch (i'-) •• 1. si""<^'"- '•'■snreio, 4. 
 V. Ti> M END. 2. assuo, i, J (to sew on ; 
 with ace. and dat.) : Hor. A. P. 15- 
 Phr.: to p. an old garment with new 
 cloth, immittere cohimissurani panni 
 rudis in vestiineiitum veius, Vulc. Matt, 
 ix. 16: a reomciliaJiirn ill p.'d up. malo 
 sarta gratia, Hor. Ep. I, ?. Ji '" p. up 
 a xtorT/, centones saiclre alicui. PI. Epid. 
 {, 4, 19 (al. farcire). 
 
 patchwork : cento. Onts. m. : to 
 make p. {out of old clothes), centones 
 facere, Cato U. R., 59- '•'O- •■ centona- 
 rius. relating to p. : like p., mon- cento- 
 nario. Tert.'Pra. scr. Her. }9 (where Uie 
 reference is to the Homeric centos). 
 
 pate: caput : v. HEAD. 
 
 paten, patin : P^^t'na "• ft-*^^ 
 (Pati'iia, Ale in. in yulch.) 
 
 patent (adj.) .- I. ' lain : apertus. 
 nianifestus, etc. : v. NOTORlotJs (L;. 
 II. Specially licensed : *dlplomat« 
 donatus. signaius: v. foil. art. 
 
 patent ^s"''-«V diploma, atis, n. (gen. 
 term, used of various kinds of warrants, 
 541
 
 PATENTEE 
 
 PATRIOTISM 
 
 PATTERN 
 
 letters of introduction, passfs, etc.) : to 
 give anil one a p./or adiscovery,*mono- 
 polii diploma (libelliim) inventori ali- 
 cujus rei ilonare. 
 patentee : •diplomate donatus .- v. 
 
 PATENT. 
 
 paternal : 1. piternus (usn. be- 
 longing to a father) : p. and ancestral 
 goods, bona p. et avita, Cic. Coel. 14 : 
 p. domains, p. regna, Virg. Aen. j, 121 : 
 Hor. Also = nice a fatlier, fatherly 
 (patrlus) Hor. Od. 2, 2, 6. 2. P-'- 
 irius (lilce afath-r; also, belonging to a 
 father) : a p. dispisition (^affection) for 
 children, rniimus p. in liberos, Cic. R. 
 Am. i6, 46: I,iv. . p. estate and house, 
 p. fundus larque, Hor. S. I. 2, 56 : Cic. 
 
 paternally : patrie (rare) : Quint. 
 II, I, 68. Usu. berter expr. by patrius 
 (patemus), pater : this is acting p., hoc 
 pattiuni. I'er. Ad. i, I, 49 (which may 
 also be expr., hoc patris [officium^ est, 
 of. id. Andr. i, 5, i): he adviseil him, p., 
 *ut (tanquain) pater eum monuit: v. 
 
 PATERNAL, FATHER. 
 
 paternitv : expr. by pater. (Pater- 
 nlfas, late = patrius animus : Aug.) 
 
 paternoster : *oratio Dominica : 
 M. L. 
 
 path : I. -^ (nan-ow) trodden way : 
 1. semita (narroiv way, footpath) : 
 very narrow p.s. angustissimae s., Cic. 
 Agr. 2, j;, 96 aXL the known highnays 
 and foot-p.s, omnes notae viae s.que, 
 Caes. B. ( i . 5, 19. Fig.: the path of an 
 unobserved life, fallentis s. vitae, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 18, 10?; Juv. 2. tranies, itis 
 (cross-road, by-path) : Cic. Ph. i}, 9, 19: 
 more precisely, transversus tr., Liv. 2, 
 J9 : a winding p. through a wood, con- 
 vexus tr. silvae, Virg. Aen. 11, 515. 
 3. callis, is, m.; less freq./. (a ybo<- 
 traclc ; esp. such as are trodden on hill- 
 sides) : to lead an army by ivinding p.s, 
 per devias c. exercitum ducere, Liv. 22, 
 14, med.: of. Cic. Sext. 5, 12 (Italiae 
 callcs et pastorum stabula) : Virg. ||, 
 Route, course : via, iter: v. road, wa v. 
 See also passage (Vi ). Pliu. has, se- 
 mita (spiriia*), to denote the path or 
 passage pursued by the breath ; and 
 Claud., 8. lunae, the moon's p., Laud. 
 Stil. 2, 458. 
 
 pathetic : 1. flebills, e (plain- 
 tive ; fall of tearful emotion): p. 
 (moving) strains, 1. modi, Hor. Od. 2, 9, 
 9 : cf. Nagels. Stil. p. J2I. 2. *pa- 
 thetlcus (<jr. jraSijTiicd?' calculated to 
 excite the jKissions : late, and suitable 
 only for critical language): Macr. S. 4, 
 1, et pass 3. oft- best to expr. by 
 circuml. : a p. strain, *cantus aptus 
 commovendisanlmis(afTectibus),Nagels. 
 1. c; aptus ad nii.--ericurdiam moven- 
 dara ; ap'us ad nientes hominum ad 
 miseiicordiam mcitandas : cf Cic. de Or. 
 I, 12, 5?. (.N.B.— By no means movens, 
 or commovens. absol.: v. Nagels. 1. c ) 
 
 pathetically : flebiliter. misgrabil- 
 
 Iter; V. PLAINTIVELY, PITKOUSLV. (Pa- 
 thetice, Macr. 4,6. — Nut to be imitated.) 
 
 pathic (suijs.) : pathicus : Cat. 16, 2 : 
 Juv. 
 
 pathless : invius : p. woods, saltus i , 
 Liv. 9, 14, meil. Neut. pi. as subs. : 
 through p. districts, per invia, Liv. 21, 
 J 5. (Often = impassii I lie.) 
 
 pathology : 'pathSlSgla (quae di- 
 citur). 
 
 pathos : *paihos, its, n. (Gr. ndSor 
 only til be used in critical language): 
 now let us treat of the special features of 
 p., nunc dicjunus de habitu pathiis, 
 Macr. 4. ?, itiit.. the hyperbolr gives p., 
 fwir hyperbole p., ib. 4, ■ , jned. : pathos 
 arises also from repelilion, nascitur p. 
 et rept-titi^ne, ib. fm. (Usu. belter 
 expr. by affectnsniovere,etc. : the main 
 secret of p. is tliat ue be moved imi selves, 
 circa niovcndos afifectus summa in hoc 
 posiia rst ut moveaniur ipsi. Quint. 6, 2, 
 26: ivhat p. is here! quanta vis inesl 
 ad misericiirdiam movenilam ! quanta 
 ad fietum legenii raovendum ! cf. Cic. 
 de Or. I. 5 J, 228.) 
 
 pathway : semita, callis : V. path. 
 
 patience : patientia (endurance of 
 hardship, suffering, annoyance, etc.): v. 
 542 
 
 ENDUBANCE. l>hr. : to lose p., p. rum- 
 pere, Suet. Tib. 24 : cf. p. abrumpere, 
 Tac. A. 12, 50 (which has however a 
 diff. snnse = to break off submission). 
 (N.B. The word patientia is used by 
 Chri.slian writers tod-^note the Christian 
 virtue of patience: Vulg. Luc viii. i;, 
 et pass.) 
 
 patient (.cidj.) •■ 1. patiens, ntis : 
 most p. ears, patientissimae aures, Cic. 
 Lig. 8, 24: more freq. foil, by gen. of 
 ttiat uhiih is endured : e. g. patiens 
 laboris (capable of enduring toil), Ov. 
 M. 5, 611 ; p. sessoris equus, SuKt. Caes. 
 61. (In class. Lat., the adj. usu. indi- 
 cates /ocuWv of endurance rather than 
 any sirictly moral virtue.) 2. tolg- 
 rans, ntis (like preced., but always with 
 depend gen.) • the ass is a very p. ani- 
 mal, asellus plagarum et penuriae tole- 
 rantissimus. Col. 7, i, med. 
 
 patient (subs.) : aeger (strictly, nuisc. 
 a(Q., but used in medical treatises irre- 
 spective of sex) : the patient nevertheless 
 breatlies easily, taroen aeger facile spirat, 
 Cels. 2, 8, init. : ib. j, 6, et pass. : cf. 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 12, ne aegri quidem quia 
 non omnes convalescunt, idcirco ars 
 nulla medicina est ; where however 
 aegri is strictly adj. So also aegrotus 
 is sometimes used this was the part of 
 a resolute p., to take the medicine, quod 
 ipsum erat fortis aegroti, accipere me- 
 dicinam, Cic. Att. 12, i\,Jln. (but aeger 
 is preferred in medical practice). Or 
 expr. by circuml. : if the p. be a boy, si 
 puer est qui laborat, Cels. J, 7, i : if 
 the frame of the p. uho is being operated 
 on is stronger than usual, si robustius 
 corpus ejus est qui curatur, id. 7, 26, 2. 
 (N.B. — In speaking of female p.s spe- 
 cially, Cels. appears always to use mu- 
 lier or femina, nut aegra : if. id. 4, 20.) 
 
 patiently : 1. patienter ; Cic. : 
 
 Caes. Join: patienter et fortiter. Cio. 
 Ph. II, J, 7 ; p. atque aequo animo, Caes. 
 B. C. }, 15. 2. tOleranter : to bear 
 pain p., t. ferre dulorem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
 18, 4J. 3. tolerablliter : Cic. Fin. j, 
 I ?, 42. (These two latter words should 
 be used only of patience in enduring 
 hardship and pain: not of mere quiet 
 waiting.) 
 
 pat'>is : diaiectos or -us, i, /. : Su't. 
 Tib. 56 (quum inierrogasset, quaenam 
 ilia tain molesta d. essei). 
 
 patriarch : patriarcha or -es, ae : 
 the Ttceliv H.s, duodeciin P., Vulg. Act. 
 vii. 8 : Tert. : gen. pi., patriarchum, 
 Paul. Nol. in eccles. sense, Justin. Nov. 
 7, pref. 
 
 patriarchal : patrtarcMcus : Justin. 
 Novel. 7, I, it'it. 
 
 patriarchally : *patriarchico more. 
 
 patrician (a<4?-) ■• pairicius: Cic: 
 Juv. 
 
 patrician (subs.) .- patnclus : Cic. 
 Mur. 7, 15 : oftcnt-r pi. : see Liv. i, 8, 
 extr.: Cic. (Liv. also uses patres, for 
 the pirtricinn order: see Nieb. H. R. i. 
 j/8, buc is not to be imitated in this.) 
 
 patrimony: patrlmonium: a splen- 
 did p., lauiuni et copiosum p., Cic. (iab. 
 Post. 14, init.; p. omatissimum, id. Sull. 
 20, ?8. See also inheritance. Or by 
 circuml. res p.iterna : Hor. Ep. i, i?, 26. 
 
 patriot : (civls) amans patriae : v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 patriotic : amans patriae : Cic. Att. 
 9, iv, ad fin. Phr. : to entertain the 
 most p. sentiments, de republica prae- 
 clara atque egregia sentire, Cic. Cat. 
 }, 2, 5- 
 
 patriotically : P h r. : p. to sacrifux 
 private resentments, reipublicae (patriae) 
 iiiimicitias condonare (donare), Cic. Ph. 
 5, 18, io p. to disregard private in- 
 terests, *pro summa erga patriam cari- 
 laie privata n^gligere alqua omittere: 
 to act p., *palriae amantem civem se 
 praebere: v. patriotic. 
 
 patriotism : expr. by circuml : 
 aniur in patriam, Cic. Sext. 22, 49; stu- 
 dium in rempublicam (patriam). Sail. 
 Cat. 49; pairlae cariias, Nep. Ale. ?: 
 cf. Cic. Off. I, 17, 57. Or expr. by verb: 
 if p. be a crime, I luive endured punish- 
 ment enough, si sceleatum est amare 
 
 palri.im, perluli poeiiarum «itis, Cic 
 .S-xt. 69, 145. (^N 1>.— Moi amorpatriua, 
 wliich is paternal affection : Liv. 2, 5, 
 Jin. : Cic.) 
 
 patristic : Phr.: v>elt read in p. 
 lore, * in Patrum ecrlesiasticorum scrip- 
 tis multiim versatus. 
 
 patrol (subs.) : I. The a£t : cir- 
 cuitio (going the rounds) : lAv. j. 6, 
 extr. II, The persons : circitores or 
 circuilures: Veg Mil. ?, 8, ad fin. 
 
 patrol ('•■•) : cireuinco or circueo, 4, 
 irr. : the tribunes select the most trusty 
 (soldiers) to p. the watch, tribuni pro- 
 batissim.is eligunt, qui vigilias circum- 
 eant. Veg. Mil. j, 8, ad fin. 
 
 patron : I. in Roman sense : pa- 
 tronus: Cic: Liv. ||, Onewho coun- 
 tenances and protects : 1. patronus : 
 Ike p. of any one's interests, alicujug 
 commodurum p., Cic. Agr. f, i, fin. 
 (where the figure is that 01 an advocate 
 in court). 2. praeses, idis (protector, 
 guardian) : p. and guardian of freedom 
 (the tribune), pr. llbertatis cuatusque, 
 Cic Agr. 2, 6, 15 : p. (tutelary) deities, 
 pr. dii, Tac. H. 4, 55, med. In same 
 sense, praosidium (ahstr. for concr.): 
 Hor. Od. 2, 1, 1 J (insigne moesiis praesi- 
 dium reis) 3. poet, tutela: p. of 
 
 Italy (Augustus), Italiae t., Hor. Od. 4, 
 14. 4J. To be the p. of, praesidere : 
 Mars is the p. of ai ms. Mars praesidet 
 armis, Ov. F. }, 8; : see also to patbon- 
 ■2E. Ill, Of a living: * patronus: 
 V. Du C, s V. ( The most suitable term 
 lor p. saint, is praeses: ct. supr. II., 2.) 
 
 patronage : 1. patrocinium (any 
 relation analogous to that which a Ro- 
 man patronus sustained to a cliens) : to 
 enjoy any mie's p., alicujus p. uti. Sail. 
 Cat. 41 : less freq. pi. : Nep. Phoc j 
 (utraque [factioj Macedonum patroclniis 
 utebatur). 2. praesidium: v. protec- 
 tion, SAFEGUARD. (Patronatus, iis [extr. 
 rare], the condition of a patronus in Ro- 
 man sense only: used in Mod. Lat. in 
 eccl. sense : v. Du C, s. v.) 3. clientela 
 (stricily the relation of a cliens to a 
 patrorms; hen'-e, in gen. sense, patron- 
 age, protection) : to be under any one's 
 protection and p., in alicujus fide et c 
 esse, t'ic. R. Am. ?5, 9J: poets under tkt 
 p. of the Muses, poetae sub c Musarum, 
 Suet. Gr. 6. 4. expr. by patronos, 
 praeses; esp. as abl. absol.: under the 
 p. of the Queen, *patrona ac praeside 
 Kegina: v. patuon, patrone&s. Phr.: 
 to bestow p. on, favere (with dat.) ; cf. 
 Virg. G. I, 18, adsis, O Tegeaee, favens! 
 give me thy p., god of 7\'gea '. 
 
 patroness : 1. patrona : Join: 
 patrona ac vindexflibertaiisj, Cic. de Or. 
 2, 48, 199. 2. praeses, idis, c. : Mi- 
 nerva, p. of war, Minerva, p. belli, Virg. 
 Aen. II, 48} : ct. preced. art. 
 
 patronize : 1. fSveo, 2 (not how- 
 ever implying auperioriiy: with dat.): 
 V. to favour. 2. ffiveo, fovi, tum, 2 
 (to choish, ccmntenance, encourage) .- lie 
 p.d men of genius and the arts, ingenia 
 et artes fovil, Suet. Vesp. 18: to p. in 
 every way. omnibus modis f., ib. Aug. 
 89. /in. Phr.: a prince ought top. tlte 
 arts, 'artihcia gratia et auctoritale sua 
 sustentare Principem decet (H. and A.). 
 
 patronymic ; patronynncum nomen : 
 Priiic. 2. 6 J J2. 
 
 patten : (') sculponea ferrata (scul- 
 ponea is an ordinary clog or wooden 
 shoe; iiorn try J arm. labourers: Cato 
 K. R. 59). 
 
 patter : expr. by salio, crgpTto : ct 
 Virg. G. I, ,49, multa in tectis crepitant 
 salit horrida grando. 
 
 pattern : I. l"'""' imitation : exem- 
 plar, exempluni : v. model. Or expr. by 
 circuml. : p. verses, versus qui ad imi- 
 tatioiiem scribendi pruponuntur, Quint. 
 i> '. J5. (Not specimen in this sense: 
 V. infr. 111.) II. A sample : exemplum 
 [not exemplar] : Auct. Her. 4, 6, a. 
 III. An admirable instance : \, 
 spgcimen, inis, n. : a p. of temperance 
 and sugacity, teniperaiitiae pruden- 
 tiaeque s., Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 55: Liv. 
 2. exemplar, aris : a p. of antique 
 uprightness, ex. anliquae religiouis, Cic.
 
 PAUCITY 
 
 PA Y 
 
 P E A C K 
 
 Caec. 10, 28. Also exeniplum : ap.nf' iiiiKuis, Is, m.- cl. Hur. 0<1. 2. 19. 24, 1,600 lo p. dur li;no.ir tn Uie yodt (by 
 integrity, innocentiae exeniplum, id. de leoiiis unguibiis borribilique niaU : taun-ifia), ptrrsolvere dils boiiurem, ib. 
 Or. I, 5}, 229. Plir. : a man nho is a " those ahum ike (p-iin nulj u-iUi priiry 8, 62: to p. one't r<:spa:lt to any one, 
 p/of modesty ayidcluistUy, (homo) untie I p. devours'' [Mlh.l^sMvui fanivoqaoa \s&liita.Te aliquem, .Sail. Cat. 28: Cic. : 
 pudorispiidiciliaequeexeinplapetuiitur, lupus ungue laptos voraL) Hor. : v. to kexdkr. |V. ^^pecial 
 
 id.Deiot. 10, za: ap.of integrity, cujua \ paVS^ (.f)' Phr.: Wie horses p. the IPhr.: to p. the p-iialty, poenas dare (v. 
 spectata [iiiultis magiiisque rebus] siii- 
 gularis inti'untas, id. I'h. j, 10, 26. 
 IV. -A design for manu/acturas ; 
 •piciura descripia. 
 
 paucity : paudtas : V. FKWNESS. 
 
 paunch : InglCivies, ei (strictly, tlie 
 crop of birds): v. maw, stomach. 
 
 pauper : f gens, iimps : V. DtiTlTUTE. 
 (NTb. — Not paup'-r ; which = Gk. irevj;?, 
 a person in humble oircamstances.) 
 
 pauperism : egestas, inSpia ; v. 
 
 DEiTITCTlON. 
 
 pauperize : *ad statum egeniium 
 redigerc 
 
 , Phr. ; 
 
 gr7juiid, pulsant pedibus lellurem, cf. xtkishmest) : also, p-.eiias [ju^t<^s et 
 Ov. M. 2, 155: cf. Vlrg. G. }, B-J, carat debltasj solvere, Cic. Mil. ji,./'"- ; poenas 
 lellurem [generosus equusj et solido persolvere, etc (v. penaxtv): to p. a 
 graviter souat ungula conm : In same iv/ic, votum solvere, Cic. Ph. }, 4, 11; 
 sense, terram uugula fodit, Vulg. Job reddere, id. Leg. 2,9, 22: tup. Itte debt 
 xxxix. 24. (K. and A. give radere of vature, naturae .^atislacere, Cic. Clu. 
 bunnim, which is rather, to skim the 1 10,29; naturae cedere, SalL Jug. 14 . to 
 ground : cf. Virg. Aeri. j, •;oo.) \p. any one in his oum coin, par pari re- 
 
 pawn (*"^^) •' pignus, oris and 6ria, ferre, Ter. Eun. }. i, 5;. B. In 
 n. : V. PLEDOK. SECl'KiTr. To denote 
 what is i)L p., pigiieratus, plgneraticius : 
 V. foil. art. Vor a pan n in chess, perb. 
 latruiiculus(miles)gregarius: v.man(V). 
 pawn (»•) •• 1. pigiifTO, I : he p.'d 
 
 pause (subs.): 1. intermissio; or ; a pearl to pay his travelling expenses. 
 
 by circuml. with intermitto ; v. istkr- 
 MISSION. 2. intercapedo, inis,/. (not 
 frequent) ■ nop. {intermission) of uorry, 
 nulla int. molesliae, Cic. Fin. i, 18, 61 : 
 Plin. min. 3. expr. by subsisto. stlti, 
 } {to make a p., come to a p.) : to make 
 ap.in speaking, [in diceiidoj s., Quint. 
 4, 5, 20 : V. Tu }'ADSE. (Pausa obsol. : 
 Lucr. : PI.) P h r. : to Tnark the p.s in a 
 verse, versum distiiiguere, Quint, i, 8, 1. 
 pause (i'.) 1. subsisto, stlti, S {to 
 
 halt, stop shtn-t) : Quint. 4, 5, 20 (in di- 
 cendo). 2. iuterquiesco, evi. etum, } 
 (to rest a while before going on v.-ith 
 anything) : when I had spoken tliusfar, 
 andp.d a little, quum haec dixissem et 
 ptuUum interquiessfm, Cic. Br. 2}, 91. 
 3. expr. by intennitto, misl, ssum, } 
 (to discontinue for a time) : nut to p. in 
 uvrk for a moment, nullum omnlno 
 tempus ab opere int., Caes. B. G. 7, 24. 
 
 pave: I. l-"'!- l. sterno, siravi, 
 turn, } : top. a road with blocks of stone, 
 viam quadraio sa.xo s., Liv. 10, ii,fin.: 
 also absol., Cic. Att. 14, 15. (Not con- 
 sterno in this sense : v. to stkew.) 
 2. munio, 4 (to make a road ; render 
 a place passable) : Cic. : Liv. ||, Fig.. 
 In phr. to p. the way for oneself: munire 
 sibi viam ad aliquid, Cic. Verr. 2, i, 25, 
 64 (cf \'ell. J, 6, praemuiiiendae regalis 
 potentiae gratia, for the sake of p.ing 
 the way to the regal power): simly. 
 sternere falicuij viam, Stat. Th. 12, 81 j. 
 pavement : 1. pavimentum (strict- 
 ly, that which has been ratnmed down ; 
 pavimentum festucis straium, Plin. j6, 
 2;, 61 : but used in gen. sense; and in 
 particular, of the ornamental p.s of 
 houses, corridors, etc.) : a p. of a chequer 
 patterri, p. scutulatum, Plin. I.e.: mosaic 
 p., p. vermiculatum, Lucil. m Plin. 1. c. 
 (v. MOSAIC): the p.s appear to be satis- 
 factorily done, p. recte fieri viilebantur, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. ?, I, init. Hence, pavimento, 
 I, to furnish with a p.: a colonnade 
 with a p. to it, porticiis pavimentata, 
 Cic. I. c. 2. P«rh. stratura (strictly, 
 paving, as verb, subs., q. v.): the p. of 
 an area, (areae) s.. Pall, i, 40, init. 
 (NB.— Strata via [R. and A.] is a 
 paved highway.) 
 
 paver, pavior : pavimentarius : 
 Inscr. 
 
 pavilion : papllio, onis. m. (a mili- 
 tary lent, esp. nf the Roman emperors: 
 B* called from a resemblance to the. wings 
 of' the butterjly) : he took his food in 
 front of his p., cibum sumpsit ante p., 
 Spart. Pesc. 11, init. : gilded p.s, aurali 
 p., I'reb. XXX. I'yr. )6 ; Ten. (Or expr. 
 by tentorium, etc. : v. tent.) 
 
 paving {subs.) .- stratiira : p. of the 
 kighirays, e. vlarura. Suet. CI. 24. 
 
 paving-Stone: *saxum viis ster- 
 nendis (utile): as prepared in blocks, 
 eaxum r,uadratuni : v. iv) pave. 
 pavior: v. paveb. 
 piw (Sdbs.) : pes, pSdiB. m. ; they 
 (bears) liie by sucking their fore p.s, 
 priotum p. suctu vivunt, Plin. 8, i6, 54 
 } I'l The terra manus is also applied 
 to the fore paws, ib. J i ?o : so Vulg. 
 I Reg. xvli. j-j, Itominus qui me eripuit 
 de nianu leoiiis, etc. (N.B.— Where the 
 
 UMionem pigneravit ad itineris impensas. 
 Suet. V'it. 7 Juv. So comp. oppigntSro: 
 tu p. one's books for wine, libellus pro 
 vino op., Cic. Sext. 51, ^in. : Mart. 2. 
 expr. by pignus, 6rls and firis, n., with a 
 verb : to p. one's very self, (seipsuai) 
 opponcre pignori, PI. Ps. 1, i, 85 : Ter. 
 Ph. 4, J, 56 (oppositus pignori = moi t- 
 gaged) : pignori dare, Ulp. Dig. U, 7. i : 
 also, pignori obligare (to poMm virtually, 
 lay under the obligation if sucha trans- 
 action), ib. : to receive in p., pignori ac- 
 cipere, Tac H. }, 65. 3. obligo, i : 
 V. TO mortgage ; and cf. supr. (2). 
 
 pawnbroker : perh. pignfirator (one 
 who takes a pledge for a claim) : Cic. 
 Verr. j, 11, init. (where however the 
 word does not denote a trade). To heap., 
 *pigneraticium quaestum exercere. 
 
 pay (subs.) : esp. ot soldiers : >tipeii- 
 diuni : to give soldiers money for their 
 p., militibus dare pecuniam in sti- 
 peiidium, Caes. B.C. i, 2}: to clamour 
 for p., s. flagitare, ib. 1, 87 ; that the 
 daily p. should be a de7}arius, ut de- 
 narius diurrmm s. foret, Tac. A. I, 26. 
 see also hire, wages, gain. 
 
 pay ("•)■• A. Trans. • |. To 
 discliarge a debt : 1. pendo, pSpendi, 
 pensum, } (gen. term) : to p. money, 
 tribute, tax, to any one, alicm pecuniam, 
 trlbutum, vectigal p., Cic. : Caes. : pass. 
 Also comp. dependo, di, sura, } (to p. 
 down) : Cic. : Col. 2. solvo, vi, utum, 
 J (mercantile term, to discharge an obli 
 gation): to p. any one a debt, pecuniam 
 debitam alicui s., Cic. Clu. 12, J4' top. 
 money to tlie day, pecuniam ad diem s., 
 id. Att. 16, 16, A.: not to be able to p. 
 one's debts, solvendo aere alieno non esse, 
 Liv. JI, ij. Comps. (1). exsolvo. J (to 
 p. off or in full) : top. off debts, nomina 
 exs., Cic. Att. 16, 6 Tac. A. I, j6, extr. 
 (legata exsolvl duplicarique). (2). dis- 
 solvo, J (to p. off, discliarge): top. off 
 debts by selli/ig real proper ty , aos alienum 
 praediis venditis d., Cic. Sul. 20, 56 : 
 Caes. (3). persolvo, } (to p. in full) : 
 to pay off debts in full, aes alienum 
 pels.. Sail. Cat. JS : Suet. 3. numero, i 
 (to count out ; pay down in ready mit- 
 ney) to p. down large sums of money, 
 magna«n p< cuniam n., Caes. B. C. j, j : 
 Cic. Comps. (1). adnum6ro, i (tup. over, 
 into the hands of): Ter. .\d. }, 5, 15 : 
 Cic. (2). dinumero, 1 (without percep- 
 tible diff. of meaning) : I'er. Ad. 5, 7, 17. 
 4. luo, i, J (rare and late in this 
 sense): Curt. 10, 2, oii /in. (aes alienum 
 
 trans.: |. To meet (/tie's liabilities: 
 penilo, J (elliptical con.slr.) : to p. for 
 fodder, pro pabiilo p., Plin. 12, 14, }2, 
 fn. : or supply the ellipse : v. supr. 
 (A., L). II. To be Trmunerative : 
 
 perb. respondeo, 2 (to make a return) : 
 cf. .Sen. Ep. 2 j, 4, vena [metallij asKidue 
 plenlus re.-ponsura fodienii. i. e. which 
 continually ps better and tjetter, for the 
 labour of it orking : also, Vlrg. (j. i, 47 
 ( = to answer any one's expectations of 
 return). Or expr. by Iruciu.-, redltus: 
 farms p. very well no"-, *agroruni bodie 
 uberrimi sunt fructus, reditus : cf Plin. 
 Ep. 6, } land does not p. so well as it 
 did, •imminuti sunt (mlnores sunt bo- 
 die) iigroruni reditus : cf. Plin. 1. c 
 
 pay away : dmilmero, i : Ter. Ad. 5, 
 7.'-- 
 
 — down : nura6ro, dependo. etc. : 
 V. TO pay (1.). Top. down on the nail, 
 (argentum) adnumerare illico, I'er. Ad. 
 }, J, i; : v. NAIL {extr.). 
 
 — for : conduco, xi, ctum, j ; v. 
 
 TO HIRE. 
 
 — in : P h r. : to p. into a bank, 
 perb. ad argentariam numerare atque 
 deponere. 
 
 — off : dissolve, persolvo, etc ; v. 
 
 TO PAT (1.). 
 
 out: V. TO REQUITE. 
 
 payable: Phr.: a bUl p. at such a 
 
 date, 'syngrapha quae ad [diem] 
 
 solvi debet : v. TO pay (A., I.). 
 
 pay-day : d'^s (which when denoting 
 an appointed day, is regularly fem.) ; 
 cf. Liv. 54,6, med., in eiindtm diVni ^- 
 cuniae . . . publican! se conducturos pro- 
 fessi erant (= day for payment accord- 
 ing to contract). 
 
 pay-master ; 1. tribunus aeranus 
 (to the troops): Varr. L. L. 5, 56, 181 
 (quibus attributa erat pecunia at miiiti 
 reddant, tribuni OCT-arii dicti) : Cato in 
 Gell. 7, 10: in later times, the duly of 
 paying the troops fell to the lot of the 
 quaestors (Diet. Ant. p. 1 149''- Or expr. 
 by circuml., *qui militibus stipendia 
 numerare (persolvere) debet Kr. gives 
 dispensare pecuniam, from Nep. Cim. 4 ; 
 but the phr. there denotes the function 
 of treasurer or stewartl rather than pay- 
 master. 2. dispensalor (in a house- 
 hold : a kind of steward) : Varr. L. L. 
 5, }6, 18; : Suet. Vesp. 22. 
 
 pay mastership : * stipendiorum 
 militibus numerandnrum cura. 
 
 payment : I. ■*'■'( </ poy>^>9 •■ 
 1. siiluiio: p. of legacies, s. lega- 
 torum, Cic Clu. )2, 14 ; ready money p. 
 being interferetl v-ith, s. Impedltft, id. 
 Man. 7, 19: Caes. 2. nameiatlo(rare): 
 to dejiiand p., n. exigere. Col. 1. 8, meiL : 
 Sen. 3. repraeseiiiiitio (casA J).) : Cic. 
 Att. 12, ?!• (Or expr. by solvo, pendo. 
 
 1.) : Cod. Theod. 5, fepraescnto, i (to etc. : v. to pay. A.) Ph r. : to stop p. 
 p. doivn in ready money, instead of \ (implying bankruptcy), foro cedere. Sea 
 letting it lie on interest): Cic Att. 12, j Ben. 4, J9. jj. Sum of money : pensio: 
 25: cl. Suet. Aug. loi, quam sunimum v. rssTALMFJ<T. 
 
 pea ; 1. P'smn : Col. 2. 10, ad init. : 
 Plin. (P. sativum. Linn.) 2. cicer, 
 eris, n. {rhick-p.) : Hor. S. I. 6. 114: a 
 parched p., frutum c, Pi. B.u-. 4, 4, 7. 
 Phr.: OS like as tno p.s. tam simile 
 quam uvum ovo. Sen. ApHX)l 11,4. 
 
 [sc. legatam] repraesentavlt, i. e. he or- 
 dered the legacy to be paid down at once 
 (wiUiout nailing for his death). ||, 
 To make payment to: Phr. : to p. 
 troops, stipendium militibus numerare, 
 
 Cic. in Pis. j6, 88; persolvere (I Ji/uH), id. -. . . 
 
 Ati. 5, 14; stipendio affiwre exerciium, \ pea-green: perh. •prilslnus {Jtek- 
 id. Bal 27, 6i. So with merces: v. supr. green) : I'lin. 57, 10, 67 : Petr. 
 (L); also, WAGES. |||. Fig., to offer pea-SOUP : 'jusexpisis: v. sou p. 
 as due: V\\t.: to p. praises and thanks, peace I -'"*«•) ■ 1. pax. pac's, /■ : 
 laudes gratesque agere, Liv. 7, ?6, med.: ' to have p., p. habere. Cic Att. 7 14 
 
 _. ^ Cic: with habere (grates dels immor- live in p., paa-m apitare, >all. Jug. 14: 
 
 void par conveys a ref. Uj the attacks talibus ugere atque habere, Liv. 2J, 11, to bring at>ottt p.betneen ciiufi.i. p. Inter 
 tr depredations of beasts use rather fz£r.).- also, grates persolvere, Virg. Aen. . elves conciliare, Cic. Fam. 10, 27 : to ojfor 
 
 to
 
 PEACE 
 
 PECCADILLO 
 
 PEDANTRY 
 
 conditims of p., pads conditiones I'erre, 
 Liv. 2, I ?, init. : p. being concluded on 
 these terms, his conditionibus compnsita 
 pace, ib. : p. was granted to Philip "« 
 these terms, p. data Hhilippo in has lepes 
 est, Liv. J5, JO, init. : they concluded p. 
 on these terms, p. his legibus constl- 
 tueruiit, Nep. Timoth. 1. Hence, to make 
 (pverturesfor)p., pacificari, Sail. Jug. 66 : 
 Liv. (fi.B.—^ot-ased = coinpact,treaty ; 
 \phich is foedus : v. treaty.) 2. 
 
 otiuin (poet.) : p. \m.th open gates, apertis 
 otia purlis, Hur. A. P. 199. See als > 
 QUiKT, TRANQUiLLiTV. P h r. : a Irrcach 
 of the p., vis : the penalties for breach 
 of the p., poena quae est de vi, S. C. in 
 Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4. Jin. : to be guilty of a 
 In-each of the p. upon any one, vim 
 afferre in aliquem, Ti.T. Eun. 4, 7, 37 : 
 also, vim afferre, adhibere (v. violenck) : 
 to bind orer to keep the p., pecunia 
 de vi cavere, ef. Caes. B. G. 6. 2 (ob- 
 sidibus cavere de pecunia) : have me 
 in p., omitte me ! Ter. Ad. 5. 2. 5 ; *qui'i 
 desinis mihi molestiara exhibere ! (v. 
 ANNOYANCE) : p. to my patron's ashes .' 
 patrono meo ossa bene quiescant ! Pelr. 
 J9 : usu. with gen., ossa ejus bene quies- 
 cant ! Jnscr. in Bunn. Petr. 1. c. (abbre- 
 viated, (~ E. B. y.) : so. moUiter (ejus) 
 ossa cut>ent ! Ov. Her. 7, 162. 
 
 peace iinterj.) : pax ! Ter. Heaut. 2, 
 J, 49. See also hush ! 
 
 peaceable : pacis amans (of persons), 
 pacatus: v. peaceful. 
 
 peaceably : pacate . cum (bona) 
 pace, nulla adhibita vi : v. peacefcllv. 
 
 peaceful : I- ^" " *''*** of peace .- 
 
 1. pacatus : a perfectly p. province. 
 provlncia pacatissima, Cic. Lig. 2. init. : 
 Caes. Join pacata tranquillaque [ci- 
 fitas], Cic. de Or. 1,8, jo ; p. et quieta, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 24. 2. tranquillus, 
 
 quietus : v. tranquil, quiet. 1|. 
 Disposed to peace: 1. placldus (0/ 
 quiet, peace-loving temper) : Join: 
 Clemens, placldus, Ter. Ad. ;, 4, 10 ; 
 p. moUisque, Cic. Caec. 10, 28. _ 2. 
 paciflciis : V. PACIFIC. 3. pacatus 
 (strictly. In sense I. ; but involving the 
 present by inference) : a p. style of 
 oratory, oratio p. (cpp. pugnax), Cic. Br. 
 ji.extr. : nothing amicable or p., nihil 
 hoBpitale jiacetumve, l.iv. 21, 20, fin. 
 4, of persons only, pacis amans 
 («mator), cupidus, etc. : v. fond of. 
 Ill, Relating to peace, bringing 
 peace: ' 1. pacalis, e (poet.): the p. 
 olive, p. oliva, Ov. M. 6, 101. 2. pa- 
 cifer, era, erum (poet.): Virg. Aen. 8, 
 E16 (p. oliva) : Ov. 
 
 peacefully : 1. <^^'^ bona pace : 
 Liv. l8, }•}. med. : ib. 21, 24, extr. : also 
 Biiupl^, cum pace, Cic. iMur. 15, init. 
 2. pac.^ie • I'etr. 
 
 peacefolness : iranquillltas : v. 
 
 TRANQUILLITY. 
 
 peace-maker: pacificns (a(fe'.); 
 
 blessed are the p.s, beati pacificl, Vulg. 
 
 Matt. V. 9: v. PACIFICATOR. 
 
 peace-offering: 1. piacamen, 
 
 inis, n. : Liv. 7, 2, init. (coelestis i'ae 
 placamina) : also, pUuamentum : Tac. 
 A. i;, 44: Plin. 2. piaculum (p/o- 
 pitiatory sacrifice) : to sacrifice (with) 
 a pig as p., porco piaculo facere, Cato 
 R. R 1 59 Cic. Leg. 2, 22, extr. (porco 
 piaculuni jxiti)- 
 
 peacli: (malum) Persicnm(?): Plin. 
 i;, 14, 14: the tree, *malus Persica. 
 (•Amygdalus Persica: Cycl.) 
 
 peaeh-COlour : *P"niceus (quidam) 
 color, qualis Persici mali floris solet 
 esse. 
 
 peacock : pavo, ouls, m. : Cic. : Plin. : 
 male and female p., p. masculus (mas), 
 femina: Col. 8, 10. Of a p., peacocks'-, 
 pavonlnus: p.s' eggs, ova p., Col. I. c. : 
 o Hy-llap of p.s' feathers, muscarium p.. 
 Mart! 14, 67, lem. Like a p. (p.'s tail), 
 pavonaceus : Plin. j6, 22, 44. 
 
 peahen : (pavo) femina : Varr. : Col. 
 
 peak : \. Qf <t mountain : cilcu- 
 men, Tnis, n. : v. top, summit. ||. TIte 
 pointed extremity of anything : apex, 
 Icis, J». : V. TIP. 
 
 peaked : *in apicem desinens. 
 
 peal (S"te.) : tSnilru. fragor, etc.: a 
 544 
 
 storm arose with loud p.s of thunder, 
 coorta tempestas cum niagno fragore 
 tonitrtibusque, Liv. i, 16, init.: cf. id. 
 21, 58, init., turn vero ingenti sorno cae- 
 lum strepere,et inter horrendos fraywcs 
 micare ignes (v. thunder) : the bells 
 rang merry p.s, *sonabant campanae 
 laeto concentu : a p. of bells, *cam- 
 panarum series musicis gradibus dis- 
 tincta ; p.s of laughter, cachimii (v. 
 laughter). 
 peal (.V.) •• sono, I (gen. term) : v. to 
 
 SOUKD, RING. 
 
 pear : pirum (pjrmm) : Calo K. R. 
 7 : Virg. The tree, pirus, i, /. : Virg. : 
 Plin. 
 
 pearl ; 1. margarita : Cic. : Plin : 
 rarely neut. : p.s darkish and discoloured, 
 margarita subfusca et liventia, Tac. Agr. 
 12. Hence; a dealer in p.s, margari- 
 tarius, Inscr. : yielding ps, niargaritifer : 
 e.g., ni. concha, Plin. n, n, 5J MT ■ 
 adorned with p.s, margaritatus : Venant. 
 2. iinio, onis, m. (a single large p.) ; 
 Suet. Vit. 7 (ex aure matris detractus 
 u.) : Plin. Special kinds of p.s : elenchiis 
 (tapering and pear-shaped), Plin. 9, i$, 
 56 ; tyuipanium (flat on one side), id. 9, 
 ^5, 54 } 109; physema, alis (hollow, 
 being imperfectly formed), ib. $ 108. 
 Mother of p., unionum conchae. Suet. 
 Ner. i\. 
 
 pearl-diver: *quJ margaritas uri- 
 nando petit : cf. Plin. 9, j;, 54. Or 
 simply, margaritarius (having to do 
 with pea) Is, dealing in them). 
 
 fishery : locus (pars maris) mar- 
 
 garitis abundans : cf. fishery. Pbr. : 
 the p)-incipal p.s are in the Indian Ocean, 
 Oceanus liidicus maxime margaritas gig- 
 nit, cf. Plin. 9, 35, 54 : the best p.s are 
 
 in creberrimae reperiuinur [mar- 
 
 garitae] in : cf. id. 9, 35, 56. 
 
 necklace: Phr-: '" uearap., 
 
 margaritis in linea uti, Ulp. (R. and A.); 
 •monile ex margaritis gestare . v. neck- 
 lace. 
 
 pearly : nearest words, gemmeus, 
 gemmans: v. jewelled. If however 
 colour is specially meant, use circuml.: 
 p. neck, •collum eximio candore, qualis 
 margariiarum solet esse. 
 
 peasant : 1. ruslicus (a country- 
 man, ignorant of town life) : Cic. : Hor. ; 
 V. rustic. Also, ruslicanus homo : Cic. 
 Verr. 2,1, 48,/n. 2. agrestis (a degree 
 below ruslicus ; a peasant or boor) : 
 mostly in pi. : Cic. Mur. 29, 61. 3. 
 coloiius (a farm-labouren-) : Vomitius 
 had manned a Jleet with slaves, freed- 
 men, and p.s, Domitius naves servis, 
 libertis, c compleverat, Caes. B.C. i, J4: 
 cf. Hor Od. I, J5. 5> te pauper ambit 
 ruris colonus, i. e. the poor p. fanner, 
 (but the term includes farmers^ gene- 
 rally : cf. Virg G. 1, 299). 4. paganus 
 (late): v. villager. The p. class, qui 
 in agris manuum mercede inopiam to- 
 lerant. Sail. Cat. {7. 
 
 peasantry : agrestes, ium : he as- 
 sembles and arms the p., collectos armat 
 a., Virg. Aen. 9, 11 : v. preced. art. 
 
 pease : pSsum, clcer (as collect.) : v. 
 pea. 
 
 peat : *soliim ex putribus virgultis 
 ceterisque nascentibus contectum (?). 
 
 pebble : 1. lapil'us (a sntall 
 
 stone) : black and U'hite p.s, nivei 
 atrique 1., Ov. M. 15, 41 : Plin. 2. 
 calcfilus (o gravel stone) : to put p.s in 
 one's mouth, calculos in os conjicere, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 61, 261: Virg. 3. glo- 
 bosum saxum (a round p.) : p.s mixed 
 with the sand (of the beach), gl. saxa 
 arenae immixta, Liv. 38, 29. 
 
 pebbly : 1. calculosus : p. soil, c. 
 ager, Col. "j, 7, med. 2. glareosus 
 ( gravelly) : p. streams, g. rivi, Plin. 
 26, 8, 56. 3. expr. by lapilli, etc.: 
 the stream runs doiim its p. bed, per 
 coloratos decurrit unda lapillos : v. 
 pebble. 
 
 peccability : *peccabilitas : only as 
 theol. t. t. 
 
 peccable: *peccabilis: only as theol. 
 t. t. (Or by circuml. with pecco.) 
 
 peccadillo : leN-ius delictum : v. 
 fault. 
 
 peccant : peccans, peccator : nozias: 
 
 V. GUILTY, SINFUL. 
 
 peck (subs.) : mOdius (very nearly 
 two Jin gl I sh gallons) : Cic: Plin. 
 
 peck (i-'-) •■ vellico, i: ti raven p.s the 
 tvjo vultures in turn, comix vuliurios 
 vicissim v., PI. Most, j, 2, 148. To p. 
 out, rostro eripere. v. to pluck out. 
 
 pectoral : pectoralis, e : the p. 
 (In-east) bone, os p., Cels. 8, I. 
 peculate : peculor^ i : v. foil. art. 
 peculation : pficulatus, us : to be 
 co))demned for p., peculatus damnari. 
 Cic. Verr. Act. i, i j, J9: to practise p., 
 p. facere, id. Rab. perd. j, init. To he 
 guilty of p., peciilari (rare) : Flor. ), 17, 
 med. (p. rempublicam) : one ivho is so 
 gudty. peculator, Cic. Off. 3, 18,73. See 
 also TO embezzle, embezzlement. 
 
 peculiar (adj.) .- |. Belonging to 
 one person or thing only. 1. pro- 
 priu.s : not the p. fault of old age, non 
 p. senectutis vitium, Cic. Sen. 11, init. : 
 that ivas a p. feature in Tiberius, p. id 
 Tiberio fuit, Tac. A. 4, 19. Join: pro- 
 prium et peculiare [alicui], Plin. 7, 25, 
 26. 2. pSciiliaris (strictly, relating 
 to private property) : his own p. deity, 
 proprius suus et peculiaris deus. Suet. 
 Aug. 5 : these things are p. to Arabia, 
 haec sunt p. Arabiae, Plin. 12, 17, 38- 
 3. praecipuus (standing out from 
 the rest) : «oi a p. lot, but one on a level 
 with the rest, non p.. sed par ceteris f'lr- 
 tunae conditio, Cic. Rep. i, 4, med. ; id. 
 Sull. 3, 9 (where it seems to Iw preferred 
 to avoid repeating proprius). ||, Ue- 
 markable: praecipuus, singQlaiis, etc.: 
 v. remarkable. 
 
 peculiarity : proprietas ; or expr. 
 by Oilj. proprius : v. feature. Phr.: 
 the natural p.s of a country, patrii ha- 
 bitus locorum (poet.), Virg. 6. 1, 52. 
 
 peculiarly : praesertlm, imprimis, 
 etc.: V. ESPECIALLY. Phr.: having a 
 mind p. constituted, *propria quadam 
 mentis indole praeditus; quod illius 
 ingcnio proprium fuit. 
 
 pecuniary : 1. pgcfiniarius : part- 
 ner in p. matters, rei p. socius, Cic. Am. 
 40, 117: a p. penalty, p. poena. Ulp. 
 Dig. 3, I, I } 6. 2. pecunialis, e 
 
 (extr. rare): Coel. Aur. (Freq. expr. 
 by pecunia: v. money.) 
 
 pedagogue: I. in Grecian sense 
 paedixgugus : nurses and p.s, nutrices 
 et p., Cic. Am. 20, 74. ||. A schools 
 master : (ludi) maglster : v school 
 MASTER. Also paedagogus is used as 
 term of reproach : Suet. Ner. 37 (Thra- 
 seae tristior et paedagogi vultus.) 
 pedal : (?) pedale. is, n. (Kr.). 
 pedant : 1. (homo) ineptus (one 
 who wastes his labour 011 trivialities): 
 they look on him as a Greekified p., il- 
 ium ineptum et Graeculum piitant, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 51, 221 : cf. post Red. in Sen. 
 6. 14, habet autem magistros non ex 
 isiis ineptis, qui dies totos de officio 
 ae de virtute disserunt. 2. schiilas- 
 ticus (late) : holla I you p. '. heus ! tu 
 scholastice, Apul. 2, p. 27. 3. perh. 
 umbraticus doctor (strictly, an indoors 
 teacher : hence, one whose study is con- 
 fined t(i books) : Petr. 2. Or expr. by 
 'varit)us circumlocutions : (homo) ni- 
 mium diligens aique subtilis; usque ad 
 niorositatem elegans ; putida quadam 
 doctrinae affeclatione : cf. Nagels. StiL 
 p. JO. 
 
 pedantic: perh. putidus (o/ensiue; 
 
 savouring of affectation): cf. Cic. Off. 
 
 37, iJ>, litterae iieque expressae 
 
 neque oppressae, ne aut obscurum sit 
 aut putidum (i. e. indistinct and slo- 
 venly or pedantically nice) : or morosun 
 (cf. PEDANTRY) : or by circuml., *nimium 
 diligens atque subtilisj v. preced .art. 
 
 pedantically : puttde, inepte ; ni 
 mia morositate: v. pedant, pedantry. 
 
 pedantry : 1. grammaticorum s. 
 scholasticorum ineptiae : cf. pedant (1). 
 2. morosTtas (over-fastidiousn)'ss : 
 to be defined by context) : by affectati/m 
 aiui p. he obscured his style, affectatioiie 
 et m. [nimiaj obscurabat stilum. Suet 
 Tib. 70. Similarly, mOleslia: Crassus 
 had a Latin style which was elegant
 
 PEDDLE 
 
 PENALTY 
 
 PEN ET RATING 
 
 without p., erat in Crasso I>atine lo- 
 quendi .... accurata et sine nwUitia 
 diligens eleganlia, Oic. Br. j8, 14?: v. 
 NageU. p. JO. (.\.B.— PedaiitUmuB u 
 used by some Latinists; but it shuuld, 
 at all events, be jiitroduced with an 
 apolugy ; as,p('(ian(i«7ni vitlum.-utamur 
 enim [vemaculo] verbo, quuiu in Latiua 
 lingua non satis aptum huic rei nomen 
 inveniamus: Kuliiik. in K. and A.) 
 peddle : v. to hawk (U.). 
 
 peddling (adj.) .• minutus ; V. PETTY. 
 
 pedestal: 1. hasis. is./..- the p. 
 of a statue, slaluae b., Clc. Vt-rr. 2, 2, 
 6}, fin. : Phaedr. 2. st3H6bates or 
 
 •a, m. (.0/ a column): Vitr. }, i.fin. 
 
 pedestrian (adj.) .- l. p^dester. 
 tris, tre a p. statue, statua p. (opp. 
 equestris), Cic. I'h. 9, 6, init. Fig.: 
 p. (prosaic) mufe, p. Musa, Hor. S. 2, 
 6, 17. (N.B. — To be used with cau- 
 tion : e. g., p. Iter is not a pedestrian 
 journey, but une undertaken by Uind: 
 V. KooT, ON.) 2. expr. by pfeJes, itis ; 
 or pedibus : he took a p. tour through 
 the country, re^oneni pedibus (pedes, 
 nom. sing.) obiit, cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 2y, 88. 
 
 pedestrian (subs.) .- I' h r. : he u-as a 
 ffreat p.. *ainbulandi (lo<a pedibus 
 obeundi) sludiosus erat : i<« overtook 
 several p.s, 'coniplures [bomlnes. ado- 
 lescentes] iter pedibus lacientes conse- 
 cati sumus. 
 
 pedicle: p5diculus: v. stalk. 
 
 Att. 14, 21 ; V. ILlv-TKMPEBED. 3. 
 
 morosus (captiout. Iiard to please) : 
 Join: morosi et anxii et iracundi et 
 difficiles [sene.>J, Cic. .Sen. i8. 4. dif- 
 
 tiCilis: V. ILI.-TEMPKBED. 
 
 peevishly : siomacbOse, mOrose : 
 Cic. (for syn. v. peevish)- 
 
 peevishness : 1. mor6sita.s ; to 
 
 fall into p.. ill m. incidere, Cic. Off. i, 
 I5i 88. 2. Btomachus (cUayrin, irri- 
 table temper) : a letter full nf p., epis- 
 tola plena stoinachi[etquerelaruiii], Cit. 
 y Fr. J, 8, init. (Or expr. by adj. : v. 
 
 PEEVISH.) 
 
 peg (subs.) : 1. cultellus ligneus : 
 Vitr. "). }, 2. 2. clavus ligneus 
 
 (ebumu.s, etc.) : Scapula, s. v. 7rd<T<TaAo«. 
 (i'axillus is o smaU stake : dimin. of 
 palus : epigrj, oruin, Isid. Or. 19, 19, "J, 
 is a word of doubtful nieaniiig.) 
 
 peg ("•) •■ clavis ligueis (de)figo : v. 
 
 TO FASTEN. 
 
 pelf: perh- lucellum, mercedula: v. 
 
 GAIN. 
 
 pelican: peiicanus: Vulg. Ps. ci. 7. 
 (P. onocrutalus, Linn.) 
 
 pelisse : *palla pellicia (-ea). 
 
 pellet : globulus, piiaia ; v. ball. 
 
 pellitory : v. parietabv. 
 
 pell-mell (adv.) .■ l. effuse (spread 
 out, without order) : to flee p., ef. fugere, 
 Liv. J, 22, fin. : to rush on (to Vie at- 
 tack) p.. ef. sese invehere, id. !0, 11. fm. 
 2. passim (in all directions, vilhuut 
 
 pedigree : stemma, 5tis. n. : irhat regular order) : the rest of the multitude 
 avail p.s r stemmataquid faclunt ? Juv. I began to flee p., reljqua niultiludo p. 
 
 8, I : Sen. See also genealooy. 
 
 46. 
 
 pediment ; fastigium : Cic. de Or. ;, 
 , , 180: Vitr. J. 5, 12 (tympanum, Vitr. 
 1. c, is the triaugular space within the 
 pediment). 
 pedlar : v. hawker. 
 peel (subs.) : cutis, tunica: v. kind. 
 peel ("•)•• I. Trans.: Phr.: 
 
 to p. an apple, *mali cutein .«. tunicam 
 resecare. culiello toUere ; to p. off the 
 bark of a tree, arborem decorticare, 
 Plin. 16, 41, 80 (peril, better, arbori cor- 
 ticem detraliere) ; arboris con icem de- 
 squamare, id. 2J, 7.70. ||. Intrans.: 
 after fever the skin p.s off, *pu-\. tabres 
 desquamatur corpus ; cutis ponltur : the 
 flesh p.s off from the bones, recedunt ab 
 ossibus carnes, Plin. 22, 8, 9. 
 
 peeling (sul'S.) .• puiamen, inis, n. ; 
 Plin. 22, 2?, 70 (p. piinici mali). 
 
 peep(>')- Inspicio, etc. : v. to look. 
 To p. foo-th (as the sun, from clouds), 
 ostendere se (II. and A.) : cf. Virg. Aen. 
 I, 127, summa caput extulit unda, tie 
 p.'d forth above the surface of the reave : 
 also, Phaedr. 1, 2, 17, una tacite profert e 
 Btagno caput, one frog silently p.'d 
 forth from the pond. 
 
 peep (subs.) : Phr. : just to get a p. 
 at anything tlirough a giating. quasi 
 per iransennam praeteriens aliquiil stric- 
 tim aspicere, Cic. de Or. i, ;;, 162 : at 
 p. qf day, prima luce ; diluculo : v. day- 
 break. 
 
 peer (subs.) -. \. An equal : par, 
 
 paris: vhev shall Truth find his p.t 
 cui Veritas quaiido ulluni inveniet p..' 
 Hor. Od. I, 24, 8: Lucan: v. equal 
 (sulis.) . match (1.). II. Title of no- 
 bility : Phr.: the House of p.s, •conci- 
 lium magnatum; senatus patricius : pro- 
 cercs. (In mediaeval Lat., pares : v. Du 
 C, s. V.) 
 
 peer {''•)•■ I. ^0 c""* *" sight: 
 
 expr. by se ostendere, caput proferre or 
 efferre : v. to pekp. ||, To look care- 
 fully : rinior, 1 : v. to pkv. 
 
 peerage : *niagiialum s. procerum 
 digiiiui.-.. 
 
 peerless : 1. unkus : thou p. 
 youth .' pu>r unice ! Ov. M. ?. 454 : 
 Cic: V. iNPARAl.i.Ei.ED. 2. siiigularis 
 (less strung than Fng.) : v. remarkable, 
 iNCOMPAR.vBLE. (Or expr. by circuml., 
 cui par inveniri non potest: v. equal, 
 subs.) 
 
 peerlessly : iinice : Cic : Hor. 
 
 peevish : 1. stOmachosus (fret- 
 ful) : a someu'hat p. letter, stomaclio- 
 Bjores litterae. Clc. Kara. }, 11. fin. : 
 Hor. Kp. I, H. 12 ( — pettish, choUric). 
 2. amarus (sour-tempered) : <^c. 
 
 fugere coe'pit, Caes B. (i. 4, 14. P h r. 
 horse and foot mixed up p., sine ordi- 
 nibus equiles jiedites permixti.Sall. Jug. 
 97 : cf. nullo ordine, Caes. B. C. 2, 26. 
 
 pellucid : pellflcidus : V. trans- 
 parent, CLEAR. 
 
 pelt: I. Trans. : 1. lapido. 
 I (unth stones : rare) : Auct. B. HIsp. 
 22 : Klor. 2. expr. by Jacio, coiijicio, 
 impingo (iapides, etc. in aliquem) : lie 
 
 Alt. II, 8; dependere. id. Sexi. n\ 
 med. : to inflict (lit lake) the p., poenaa 
 capere. Sail. Jug. 71 ; poenam de aliquo 
 cajiere, Liv. 2, 5, mrd. 3. multa at 
 Diulcta (rare in gen. sense) : v. FUit 
 (subs.). See also punishment. 
 
 penance : * satisfactio : Corp. Conf. 
 p. Ill, etc, 
 
 pencil (tubs.) : 1. pSnkillus or -am 
 (painter's) : Clc. Kam. 9, 22, med. F i g.. 
 gire me Britain, to paint u-ith yirur 
 colours and my p., mibi date Britamilaro, 
 quani pingam coloribus tuis, p. meo, id. 
 Q. Fr. 2, IS, a. 2. grSphis, Wis,/. 
 (sketching pen or p.): Seren. in lliom. 
 (the best word to denote a lead pencil ; 
 the scientific name of lead for penciU 
 being graphit'^). 
 
 pencil ("•) •■ 'penicillo J. graphide 
 pingo, describo, designo. 
 
 pendant: I. '<"■ the ears: sta- 
 lagmium : PI. Men. }, ), i8 : v. ear- 
 ring. II. An ornament (esp. a pic- 
 ture) occupying a dependant jiotition 
 nith regard to anoth'-r : 'tabelU quae 
 majori tabulae supposila est. |||, A 
 k-ind of flag : perh. vexillum. 
 
 pending (adj."): Phr.: a suit still 
 p., lis nondum Judicata (II. and A.) the 
 suit is still p., adhuc sub judice lis est. 
 Hor. A. P. 78. 
 
 pending ('O^'"- or l""*P-) ■ ^- diibinc. 
 
 pendulous: pendaius: Hor.: Ov. 
 
 pendulum: •libramenmm (yuicb.): 
 prob. the most suitable word : Kr. gives 
 perpendiculum ( = plummet). 
 
 penetrability : peneirabllls natiir* : 
 v. foil. art. 
 
 penetrable: penetr5Wlis,e: a body 
 p. by no iriiund, corpus nullo p. ictn, Ov. 
 I M. 12, 166: in prose, belter with dot. 
 j (Or expr. by p^netro, i : v. to pene- 
 trate.) 
 
 penetrate : 1. p«netro, i (either 
 in strict physical sense ; or = to make 
 a vay to): these particles cannot be p/i 
 
 u-as p.'d ii-ith turnips, rapa in cum jacta I and so disintegrated, haec non possunt 
 ■• " penitus penetrata retexi, Lucr. I, 5J0: 
 
 to p. the creeks of Illyria, lUyricos p. 
 sinus. Virg. Aen. i, 245 : in prose, more 
 properly foil, by prep., or adv. of place 
 ichither: tliey p.d within the rampart, 
 intra vallum pcnetraverunt, Liv. J9, ji, 
 med. : the reason of nuxn has p.d the 
 skies, hominum ratio in coelum us^ue 
 penetravit, Cic .N. D. 2, 61. init. ; n-here 
 does not art p. f quo non ars p. ? Ov. 
 A. A. },29i. 2. permano, i (strictly, 
 as a fluid does, to ooze tfirough : hence 
 fig., of that which spnads quietly, im- 
 perceptibly): the poison p.s into ecery 
 part of the body, veneiium in omneu 
 partes corporis p.. Cic. Olu. 62, 17} : v. 
 TO SPREAD. 3. pervade, si, sum (esp. 
 to make way by force; also, in gen. 
 sense): a cohort of .Spaniards p.d as 
 far as the rampart, cohort Hispanorum 
 usque ad vallum pervasit, l.iv. 26, 5, 
 med. : no place uhilher the lust of our 
 aiuntrymen has not p.d. nullus lociw 
 quo non nostrorum hominum libido pcr- 
 vaserit, Cic. Verr. j, 89. init. 4. per- 
 venio, venl,ntuni, 4 (to ma k-e one's way 
 to. reach) : v. to arrive. 5. descendo, 
 di, sura, i (to sink duii-n into): the 
 tceapon hail not p.d deep into the body. 
 ferrum baud alle in corpus descendls.se, 
 Liv. I, 41, med.: Lucan: v. to sdjk. 
 6. insinuo. I (with pron. refl., U 
 work one's wa>i in): th>y p. oetxcem thf. 
 squadrons of cavalry, inter turmas equi- 
 tura se insinuant, Caes. B. G. 4. ! ? : Liv. 
 penetrating (adj.): I. 'n ph.y- 
 sical sense 1. pi^netralis, e (poet.) : 
 
 p. cold, p. frigu.-i. Lucr. 1. 495 ^^ »• 
 }82 (ignisl. 2. p<5netraWli5, e (also 
 poet, in this sense): p. Iight.iing, p. 
 fulmen, Ov. M U. 851 : pcold, p. frigus. 
 Virg. •;. 1,9?. 3. acutus. acer (l«st 
 epithets of cold for prose) v. keen. 4. 
 (of impressOms on the senses) icutus, 
 acer: v. keen, shrill, pungent. (Or 
 expr. by verb: v. Tti penetrate.) ||. 
 Mentally : 1. sSurax, acts (l'«- sharp- 
 scented) : most p. to suspect, sagacissi- 
 mus ad susplcandum, Cic. Cjit. i, 8. 9. 
 2 perspicax. acis lilt, keen-sighud) : 
 Ter Cic. See aluo acijTK shrewd. 
 S45 
 
 sunt. Suet. Vesp. 4 : v. To throw. 
 Intrans.: Phr.: tvhen the mingled 
 wind and rain came p.ing in their 
 faces, vento mixtusimber quum ferretur 
 in ora, Liv. 21. 58, init.: the rain came 
 p.ing down so violently, 'adeo magna 
 imbris vis dejecta est, cf. Liv. 1. c. : v. 
 foil art. 
 
 pelting (adf.) : Phr.: p. rain, effn- 
 sus imber (poet.), Virg. G. 2, 554 ; pro- 
 saically, iiiagnus, maxiinus imber (heavy 
 rain), Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86 : "imber vehe- 
 mens, vehementius cadens. 
 
 pen (sufcs): \. Foru-riting: 1. 
 calamus (strictly, of reed) : to take up 
 one's p. (in order to write), c. suroere, 
 Cic. Att. 6, 8 . a good p., c. bonus, id. 
 (j. Fr. 2, 15, b: to mend a p., *c exa- 
 cuere (the part, teniperato, Cic. Q. Fr. 
 1. c, refers only to atramento : ink pro- 
 perly mixed). 2. penna (a quill : 
 late): Isid. Or. 6, 14, j (Instrumenta 
 scribendi sunt calamus et penna). 3. 
 stilus (a style: strictly, for writing on 
 wax tablets: may be used fig., but not 
 lit. for Eng. pen) : the p. is the best 
 master of eloquence, s. optiraus dicendl 
 magister, Cic. de Or. i, j?, 150 : speeches 
 written with an almost Attic p.. ora- 
 tiones paene Attico s. scriptae, id. Br. 
 45, 167: yuint. Phr.: during these 
 iiears many uorks came from his p., 
 per hos aiinos multa scripsit [edidlt- 
 que]. II, For cattle: septum, etc: 
 
 V. FOLD (I.). 
 
 pen (»■) : sciilio, pango (of lerse), 
 
 etc.: v. to write, COMPOSE. 
 
 penal : poenalis, e (legal term) : by 
 the p. taw, ex li'ge p., Gai. lust. 1, 128 : 
 p. sen-ice, p. opera, Plin. 18. 1 1, 29 ^ ii2. 
 Or expr. by pof na : the p. code is very 
 barbarous, *poenae ex legibus consti- 
 tutae saevissimae sunt. 
 
 penalty : 1. damnum (esp. a.^ne ; 
 also in wider sense) : whoever compelled 
 the attendance of a senator by such a 
 p. f quis unquara tanlo d. senatorem 
 coegit? Cic. Ph. I, ^,extr. 2. poena: 
 esp. In phr., to pay the p., poenas solvere, 
 Cic. Mil. ?i, fin.: persolvere (pay the 
 fuU p.), Caes. B. G. 1, 12; pendere. Cic. 
 2 N
 
 PENETRATION 
 
 PEOFLE 
 
 PERCH 
 
 penetration : 1. acies, ei : with 
 Ingeiiii, raemis: cf. Cic Ac. 2, iC), init., 
 Djila a. Ingenii tanta qua*- pfiietrare in 
 coelum posMi. 2. acumen, inis, «.; 
 Cic. Nep. : V. ACLTENESS. 3. saga- 
 citas (heeti-scentedness ; keenness at 
 finding oat things) : Cic. Phr. . a man 
 of the greatest p., humo ingenio pru- 
 dentiaque acntissinius, Cic. de Or. i, 59, 
 1 80 he possessed mnarkahle p. in fore- 
 casting the future, A- luturiscallidissime 
 conjiciebat, Nep. Tht-ni. i,extr. 
 
 peninsula : paeninsula Liv. 26. 42, 
 ad fin. : Plin. 
 
 peninsular : expr. by paeninsaia ; 
 or name the particular p. : the P. I'ar, 
 •bellura quud in Hispania gestumest; 
 b. Hispaniense 
 
 penicence: poenitentia: V. EEPENT- 
 
 ANCE. 
 
 penitent (<My- a"d subs.) .- expr. by 
 poenitet ■ V. to behest. 
 
 penitential: Phr.: p. tears, *la- 
 crimae quas poenitentia (peccatoruni) 
 excitat ; lacrimae a poenitentia (pecca- 
 toruni) ortae ; the p. Fsalnis, Psalnii 
 •poenitentiales, qui dicuntur. 
 
 penitentiary : *poenitentiariuni, 
 quod dicitur [hoc est locus in quo male- 
 fici homines vel muliereslmpurae emen- 
 dandorum murum causa custodiuntur]. 
 the term Is needful to avoid a cumbrous 
 circumlocution. Comp Du Cange, s. v. 
 poenitentiarius. 
 
 penitently : poenitenter: Min. Fel. 
 Oct. 26, init. : or e.xpr. by modal abl. : 
 p. to confess si7is, 'peccata cum vera 
 poenitentia lateri : v. repentance. 
 
 pen-knile : scalpruiu (librarium) : v. 
 
 KNIFE (2). 
 
 penman : Phr.. to be a good (neat) 
 p., bene ac velociter scribere, tjuint. i, i, 
 28 : compiisitissiniis et clarissimis lite- 
 nilis uti, cf. Cic. Att. 6, 9. init. : v, foil, 
 art. 
 
 penmanship: (cura) bene ac velo- 
 citer scribt-ndi : yuiiit. i, 1, 28 : cf. 
 
 HAND-WRITING. 
 
 pennant ( p^h. vexillum : v. ban- 
 
 pennon 5 ner. 
 
 penniless : figens, inops . v, desti- 
 tute. 
 
 penny : nearest terms, 1. as, 
 
 assis, III. (at the time of the second Punic 
 war = one ounce of copper, the weight 
 of a penny, old coinage : later, used lor 
 a coin of insignificant value, vilis as, 
 Hor. S. J, I, 4?) : v. Diet. Ant. s. v. 
 2, niimus (sestertius) : stricily, 
 one fourth of a denarius, nearly tuo- 
 pence Engli!:h .- also used to denote a 
 small sum (the unit of commercial 
 calculations) : it agrees to a p., ad 
 nnmum convenit, Cic. Att. 5, 21, ad 
 fin.: not a p. more, baud numo am- 
 plius ! PI. : the full form also occurs. 
 Sen. Ep. 95, 59 (sestertio numo aesti- 
 mare). More precisely, nuinus sester- 
 tius dimidiatus. (N.B. — Denarius is 
 nearer to a shilling.) 
 
 penny-royal: puieium or puig- 
 
 gium : Cic. Fam. 16, 2J, fin. : Plin. 
 (*Mentha pulegiuni, Linn.) 
 
 weight: *unciae pars vicesima. 
 
 pensile : pensilis, pendulus • v. 
 
 HANGING. 
 
 pension (subs.) : perh. *annuum 
 emeritum (strictly, only of soldiers) : 
 cf. Mod. Dig. 49, 16, 5 j 8, qui militiae 
 tempus in desertioiie implevit, emeiHto 
 privatur (i. e. his bounty on being dis- 
 charged). Phr. to give any one a p., 
 *annuo beneticio, annua liboralitate ali- 
 quem sustentare, Juvare (Kr.) ; *anium 
 meritorum ergo alicui praebere, cf. .^uet. 
 Tib. 50 : if as a m^rk of honour, *aiinua 
 alicui in honorem [honoris causa] prae- 
 bere. 
 
 pension ("•)■* Phr.' to p. troop:, 
 multibus ob emeritam railitiam annua 
 praebere, cf. Suet. Cal. 44 (conniioda 
 emeritae militiae) to p. off an old ser- 
 vant. *aliquem ob diutumum miiiis- 
 teriuni annuls donatum dimittere . cf. 
 preced. art. 
 
 pensioner: *(homo) cul fob merlta, 
 mililiam exactani «. emeritam] annua 
 praebemur: comp. preced. artt. 
 546 
 
 pensive : perh. tristior • more fully, 
 tristior. utpote in cogitaiionibus defixus ■ 
 cf. meditative. 
 
 pensively : expr. by adj. (see L. G. 
 } J4;): V pensive. 
 
 pensiveness : Phr.: there was a p. 
 about his demeanour, *nescio quid triste 
 prae se ferebat, tanquam in cogitaiioni- 
 bus defixus esse soleret. 
 
 pent up : 1. Incliisus : to pour 
 fortlup. up hatred, inc. odium effundere, 
 Cic. Kam. 1, 9, 7. 2. coariatus (con- 
 fined within jiarrow limits) : p. up in 
 towns, in oppidis c. j^Pompeius], Cic. 
 
 Att. 7, 10: v. TO CONFINE, COOP UP. 
 
 pentagon: pemagoninn (-on), -ium: 
 Aucit. de Limit. G()>s. pp. ?6. 257. 
 
 pentagonal: quinquangulus Prise, 
 de Fig. Num. extr. p. I{s8, P. (or by cir- 
 cuml., *peiitagoni formani habens). 
 
 pentameter : pentameter, tri (sc. 
 versus, wbicb may of course be expr.) : 
 Quint. 9. 4, 98 . Diom. 
 
 Pentateuch : p-^ntateuchus, i, m. ; 
 or -on, i, n. : Tert. : Hier. 
 
 pentecost: pentecoste,es,/. : Vulg. 
 Act. ii. I (dies Pentecostes) I'ert. 
 
 Pentecostal: pentecostalis,e: Tert. 
 
 pent-house : ^'mea (Jar sheltering 
 besiegers) : Caes. : Liv. : v mantelet. 
 In gen. sense, perh. tugurium parieti 
 appositum (K. and A.). 
 
 penult : paenultlma (sc. syllaba, 
 which can ol course be e.xpr.) : (jell. 
 4. 7- 
 
 penultimate: pae!iuitimus(tost6ut 
 
 one): Aus. Eel., t^uot. Kal. 
 
 penumbra: *paenumbra, quam di- 
 cunt a>tronomici. 
 
 penurious : parcus, lenax, sordidus: 
 
 V. NIGGARDLY, MISERLY. 
 
 penuriousness : tenacitas, etc. : V. 
 
 NIGGARDLINESS. 
 
 penury : figestas, In6pia : v. df.sti- 
 TUTION. (Peniiria is a dearth of some- 
 thing, the thing oj uhich being in gen. 
 case : v. scarcity.) 
 
 peon: the foot so called, paeon, oriis, 
 jft. : Cic. Or. 64, 218: Quint. 
 
 Peony : paeonia ! Plin. 27, 10, 60. 
 (*P. oflBcinalis, Linn.) 
 
 people (suIjS.) : I. A community : 
 populus : the p. of Rome, Alba, etc., 
 p. Komanus, Albanus, etc. : Cic. : Liv. ; 
 pass. (N.B. — Never with dependent 
 gen. of the place.) Belonging to the p., 
 publicus (v. PUBLIC): on behalf of the 
 p., by authority of the p., publice ; opp. 
 privatim : Caes. B. G. 5, 55, extr. : ema- 
 nating frma the p., calculated to please 
 the p., popularis (v. popular). The 
 commim p., plebs: v. plebeian. See also 
 toll art. II, Persims, generally ; 1. 
 homines (which however may be left 
 unexpressed when indicated by masc. 
 termination of adj. . L. G. ^ n9) : m^ny 
 p., multi, plerique, Cic. Inv. i, j6 : et 
 pass. 2. expr. by j pers. pi. of verb ; 
 or pass, impers. : the lormer chiefly in 
 such phrr. as, aiunt, p. say; narrant, 
 p. tell : the latter in various general state- 
 ments : not icithout reason do p. say, 
 non sine causa dicitur, Cic. Fin. j, 18. 60 
 (where dicunt might stand) : p. are igno- 
 rant, ignoratur, Lucr. i, iij; p. ivok 
 with disfai'our on men's self-aggrandize- 
 ment, invidetur commodis hominum ip- 
 sorum, Cic. de Or. 2, 51, 207. |||, 
 CoUoq. a man's servants, retainers, etc. : 
 my p., your p., mei, tui : Plin. Ep. i, 4, 2. 
 Collectively, familia can be used (the 
 entire establishment of slaves) : v. slave. 
 
 , common : 1. piebs, piebis, 
 
 /. ; plebes, ei, /. (the plebeian order : 
 also, esp. in later Lat., the lower orders 
 generally): v. commonalty. Join: 
 plebs et infima multitudo, Cic. Mil. 55, 
 95. Dimin. plebecula (lerm of contempt, 
 dregs of the common p.) : Cic. Att. i, 16. 
 2. rare, popellus (dimin. of popnlus : 
 term of contempt). Hor. Ep. i, 7, 65. 
 3. vulgus, i, n. (rarely, m.) .- the 
 lower classes j the comjtum held : v. 
 
 multitude (III.), RABBLE. 
 
 people («•) •■ I. I'o dwell in : in- 
 c5Io, J ■ V. to inhabit. II, To stock 
 with inhabitants : freqiiento, i : to p. 
 the world tvith a new stuck, mundum 
 
 prole nova f.. Col. 10, 213 •. Cic. Off. 2, ^ 
 15 (urbes sine hominum coetu non po- 
 tuisseni nee aedificari nee frequentari): 
 but the verb strictly denotes, to JM with 
 inhabitants, not merely to place inha- 
 bitants in a country. See foil. art. 
 
 peopled (pait.): Piir. : veil orr 
 densely p., frequens: Sail. Jug. 78, extr.i 
 mure precisely, incolis frequens: cf. Liv. 
 Ji, 2J, med., frequentia aedificiis loca: 
 in same sense, celeber (bris), Auct. Her. 
 2, 4, 7: the country is very thic/cly p., 
 hominum est inhnita multitudo, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 12; the earth is but thinly p., 
 habitatur in terra raris [el angustisj in 
 locis. Cic. Rep. 6, 19 : *pro magnitudine 
 terrae exiguus est incolamm Humerus. 
 
 pepper ; piper, ens, n. : Hor. Ep. 2, 
 1,270. Fig. of an aciimonwus person, 
 piper non homo, Peir. 44 (p'opter aspe- 
 ram acremquedicendi Ijberiatem, Burm. 
 ad 1.). 3V(e^2ajit, *|piperis arbor, Linn. 
 ."Reasoned w-ith p., peppered, piperatus: 
 Petr.: Col. 
 
 pepper-box : *piperis pyxis (?). 
 
 peppermint : * mentha piperata 
 (Linn.). 
 
 pepper-wort : piperitis, idis, /. .- 
 
 Plin. 20, 17, 66 (p. quam et siliquastrum 
 appellavimus). 
 
 peppery : piperatus : both lit. (= 
 seasoned with pepper), Petr. j6, init. ; 
 .■lid fig. (= hut, pungtnt),&iA. Ep. 
 
 peradventure : forte : v. per- 
 chance. 
 perambulate : perambuio, i (to 
 
 valk or travel over) : Varr. : Hor. See 
 also to traverse, travel over. 
 perceivable: v. i-erceptible. 
 
 perceive: I. To receive impressions 
 by Die senses : 1, seniio, si, sum, 4 (to 
 be sensible of, immediately) ; to p. the 
 various colours of objects, varios rei um 
 s. colores, Lucr. 4, 49} : to p. smells, 
 odores s^ id. i, 299 : not to p. the S" eet- 
 ness of food, suavitatem cibi non »., 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 45, 115. 2. percipio, cepi, 
 ceptum, } (to receive into the mind, by 
 the senses as a means of communioa- 
 tion) : tliat which can neither be p.d by 
 the eyes, nor the ears, nor by any sense : 
 quod neque oculis neque auribus neque 
 ullo sensu percipi potest, Cic. Or. 2, 8. 
 3. cerno, } (with tlie eyes ; to dis- 
 cern) : more precisely, oculis cernere, 
 Cic. Clu. 24, 66: v. to see. ||. To 
 observe, notice, understand .- 1. sentio, 
 4 (constr. with ace, ace. and inf., rel. 
 clause, or abl. with de) : never, as far 
 as I have p.d, nunquam, quod quidem 
 senserim, Cic. Am. 27, loj : we p.d there 
 uas no danger, nihil esse pericli sen- 
 simus, Hor. S. 2, 8, ;8 : when Vie enemy 
 p.d (became aware of) their departure, 
 hostes posteaquam de profection* sen- 
 serunt, Caes. B. G. ;, J2. 2. animad- 
 verto (animiun adverto), ti, sum, j : v. 
 TO OBSERVE. 3. intelligo, lexl, ctum, 
 J (to become aware) .- he p.s that his en- 
 hortations are not attended to, cogita- 
 tiones suas non audiri intelligit, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 42: Sail. Jug. II, init.: v. to 
 understand. 4. video, 2 : v. to seb 
 
 percentage; (rata) portio: V. pro- 
 portion. 
 
 perceptible: Phr.: titere is nop. 
 diffen-ence betweeii them, *nullo mudo 
 inter se discrepant, quod quidem sentiri 
 possit : barely p. to the ear, 'quad 
 auribus vix percipi possit. 
 
 perceptibly : * ita ut (quod) cemi 
 possit : V. to perceive. (Sensim =:. t«ry 
 gradually ; so as to be barely percep- 
 tible.) 
 
 perception : 1. ^'e "et of per- 
 ceiving: expr. by percipio, etc.: to dis- 
 cuss the mode of p., *queniadmodum 
 sensibus re> percipiantur quaerere : the 
 Epicurean thenri/ of p., *Epicuri de rebus 
 sensu percipiendis doctrina : v. to per- 
 CEIVE. II. Intellectual discernment ; 
 esp. of the pi-oprirties of things ; perh, 
 sensus (communis) : cf. Hor. S. i, {, &t 
 (communi >ensu plane caret). 
 
 perceptive : perh. * perceptlvus . 
 only as philos. t. t. The p. potven 
 sensus ; v. senses. 
 
 perch (sutis) : I. Forbirdt: 1.
 
 PERCH 
 
 PERFECTLY 
 
 P E K F O R M 
 
 pertica (transversa)- Col. 8, lo Varr. 
 2. sfidile (avium) . Varr K. R. }, 5 
 ad fin. II. yoi measuring land : per- 
 tica. ScriptL Rci Grom. ||l. AJish: 
 perca PUn. o, i6, 24. (•? nuvlatilis, 
 M. L.) 
 
 perch ("•) 1. insido, sfedi, ssum, 
 } (W alight on): v. to skttle. With 
 correl. insideo, 2 (to rttain the position 
 indicated by insidu) . crofs pieces of uood 
 for tkt birds to p on, iransversa>- per- 
 tica«- quibiis insldcaiit (avi-s), O"!. 8, 10. 
 2. r&ildo, { (strictly, to red on the 
 hind quaite.rs) : a ranen p.'d un a tall 
 tree, cwrvuscelsa reMdeiis arlxire, I'batdr 
 I. I J. 4- 3. as.sid.., j { to p. on or near 
 soraetbing). that the birds may be aUe 
 to see. II here top., ui aves videre possliit 
 ubi assidant, Varr. K. R. j, 5, init. 4. 
 assilio, 4 (to hap and so p. on anything) ; 
 Col. 8, II, a<i init.: also, sup<'rsilii>, 4: 
 id. 8, J, ad fin. V h r. ; places for birds 
 top. on, se'dilia aviuoi, Varr. K. R. j, 5, 
 adfin. 
 
 perchance: forte: esp. si forte, if 
 perchance: if p. any one of you uonders, I 
 si quia venlrurn f. niiratur. Clc. I>iv. Verr. 1 
 I, I : Caes. Also, nisi lorie, unUss per- 
 chance . unless p. J am mistaken, nisi f. 
 animus me lallit. Sail. Gat. zo Cic. so, 
 lest p., ne forte, PI. . Cic. Poet, fors : 
 t/ p., si fors, Virg. Aen. 12, i8j. (Not 
 to he confounded wiih fortasse v. 
 
 PERHAP.S.) 
 
 percolate : 1. pennano, I (to ooze 
 through) : Liicr. i, 549. 2. <"xpr. by 
 percolo, I (to cause to pass or strain 
 through : hence, pass. refl. = to p.) .- it 
 (the soil) sutf'ers tlie rain top. and pass 
 through, inibres percolat at<jue irans- 
 mittit, I'lin. 18, 11, 29} 110: of. Lucr. 2, 
 47 J. 3. elucior, 1 (to force a nay 
 through and out : poet.) : Virg. G. 2, 244 
 (oi water). 
 
 percolation : percoiatio (filtration) .- 
 Vitr. 8, 7, lin. (Or expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 PERCOLATK.) 
 
 percussion: ictus, us: Lucr. 5,240: 
 V. STROKK. Or sometimes, concussus, 
 us; cf. Lucr. 5, 161. Or expr. by verb: 
 instruiiie7its of p., *orgaiia musica quae 
 percussa sonitum dant: v. to stiukk. 
 
 perdition : interitus, e.xitium, etc. : 
 
 V. KlIN, DKSTKUCTION'. 
 
 peregrinate : peregrinor, i : V. TO 
 
 TRA\ KL. 
 
 peregrination : peregiinatio : v. 
 
 TRAVKL. 
 
 peremptorily: 1. praecise; to 
 
 refuse any one p., alicui pr. negare, Cic. 
 Att. 8, 4 : opp. sub conditione, Ulp. I lig. 
 j6, J, I } 20. 2. leg'J tHrm, pure 
 (=sineconditionibus) ib.Ji'j. P h r. : 
 to refuse p. ; sine tuco et f.iUaciis negare, 
 1. e. iHth'iut mincing matters, in plain 
 dcnonright terms : Cic. Att. i, i, init. 
 
 peremptory : I. in law, decisive, 
 
 bringing the matter to a clear issue; 
 pgrempiorius Ulp. Dig. ;. i,7o(edictum 
 p., quod iiide nomeii sumpsit, quod perl- 
 meret disi eptationem) : Gai. ||, Jn 
 ord sense Pli r. • to gire a p. refusal, 
 sine uUa exa-ptione negare, Cic. Alt. 8, 
 4 (see also preced. art.) : hi> ! you are p. 
 enough, hem ! satis pro imperio (sc. lo- 
 quens) ! I'er. Ph. I, 4, 19. 
 
 perennial : 1. pfirennis, e : p. 
 tvatrr-springs, p. aquae, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 
 107 . Liv. Plln. : Hor. 2. jOgis. e 
 (unfailing , esp. as epith. of water): 
 p. water, J. aqua, Cic. N. 1 1. 2, (),fin. : Hor. 
 See also pf.rpktlai,, kvkrgrken. 
 
 perennially: pCrenniter' August.: 
 Sid. See iiiso continually. 
 
 perfect ('"'j ) • 1. complete in 
 
 erei-yparl. lacking nothing : 1, per- 
 fectus: tlif univi-rse is p. in everyway, 
 teeing it rminac.'^ all things, mundus, 
 quoniam omnia coniple.\iis est, p. un- 
 dique est, Clc. N. I). 2, 14, 18. more fully, 
 perfectus expletusque omnibus suis nu- 
 meris et partibus, il>. 2, l>, extr : the 
 complete and p. orator orator plenus 
 aU]ue p., id. de Or. i, i J, extr .- nothing 
 p. in eceiy part, nihil ex omni parte p., 
 id. lliv 2, 1, ?. Join: perfectus com- 
 pietusque, id. Or. !0, 168: pertecius et 
 absolutus Qet omnes nimieros habens: 
 
 a Stoical phr. J, id. 0£f. }. ?, 14. 2. al>- 
 sSlutus a book p. in everi/ raoect, liber 
 omnibus rmmens absoluius, 1 lin. Kp. 9, 
 j8 cl. suj/r. (usu. found in connexion 
 with some other word). 3. planus 
 a p. nuiii er numerus p., Cic. liep. 6. 1 2 
 
 C\.Sapr.(l) V IXJHJ-LETK. 4. "'tfg"''" 
 v kntike. II Characteri td by llie 
 highest excellence : 1. perfectus 
 
 nothing mm e p. in its Kind iluxn (our) 
 aclois, histnonibus nihil in huo Bfi»'re 
 perfertiu.s, Cic. Or. }i, 109 p in event 
 kind of speech, ni omni genere s<"rmouis 
 p., id. de Or i, 9, 55 ■ abioluU.ly p., 
 Qsummus et] perfeitissiniu^, ib. 1, ?. 
 2. absOlutus (ace. to Kr. indicating 
 esp>ci»ily, inner excellence, while pei- 
 lectus points rather to oulnard cum- 
 pletentss and finish) : he pavntnl a hero 
 of most p. extculion, pin.\it lieroa abM>- 
 lutissimi opens, Plin. }^, lu, j6 $ 74. 
 P h r. : theie is no one if them n ho is 
 not p. in his ait, nee q lisquam eoriim 
 est, tui quicquam in i-.rte sua deesse 
 videatur, Cic. de Or. j, 7, 26: no one 
 absolutely p., nemo u. quo nihil aut 
 desideretur aut reprehendatur, (.2uint. 10, 
 2, 9 an absolutely p. artiit, artifex 
 adeo excellens ut nihil possit ultra, cf. 
 Cic. Att. ly. I, B (oratio scripta elegan- 
 tissime sententiis, verbis; ut nihil possit 
 ultra) a p. scholar, (homo) perfecte 
 planeque eruditiis, id. Br. 81, 282 ; ab.so- 
 lute doctus, Suet. (Jr. 4. |||. In moral 
 sense, ii-ilhout faults or sin : perfei lus 
 cf. Cic. Off. I, 15, init., vivitur non cum 
 perfectis hominibus. or expr. by cir- 
 cuml.. 710 one is bump., vitiis nemo sine 
 nascilur, Ilor. S. i, },6&- man is be- 
 lieved to hai'e been created p., * homo 
 pecc;itis expers creatus esse crtditur. 
 IV. Thorough, having all the cha- 
 racteristics if : 1, genniinus (j/fJiuijif , 
 unmistakable) : a p. master of this aii, 
 g. hujus anis magister, Cic. de Or. 2, j8, 
 160 : / know 1 am a p. (regular) ass. 
 scio me asiimm g. esse, id. Att. 4, 5 • 
 the sense is even more adequately e.\pr. 
 by supcrl. : a p. Stoic, genuanissimus 
 Stoicus, id. Ac. 2. 4J, ij2. 2. abso- 
 lutus : p. blaclmess, abs. nigritia, Plin. 
 10, 22, 29. 3. mgrus (sheer, undiluted, 
 nothing but) : to relate p. prodigies, m. 
 monstra nuntiare, Cic. Att. 4, 7. 4. 
 verus ; V. TRUE, REAL. V. In grain- 
 mar the p. tense, (lempus) praeteritum 
 perfectum : Quint, i, 6, 26. (N.B.— Not 
 simply, perfectum ; which may refer to 
 the_/«;«7e perfect as well as the pa^t.) 
 perfect ("•) • perflcio, absolve, j : 
 
 V. To FINISH, COMl'I.ETE. Phr. to p. 
 
 oneself in any branch of k-nowledi/e, 
 *uberiore aliciijus ret scientia se ini- 
 buere: perfectam absolutamque alicujus 
 rei cotriiilionem assequi. 
 
 perfection I I. Completeness : 
 
 perfectness ) 1. ab^61utio. virtue 
 is defined as the perfection of reason, 
 virtus raiionis abs. detinltur, Cic. Kin. ;, 
 14, 59. Join absolutio perfectioque, 
 id. de Or. I, 28,. /in. 2. integritiis (o/it- 
 ward or bodily entireness . whereas ab- 
 solutio indiciles in7ier ideal a/mpUte- 
 ness) : perfectness of body, uit. corporis, 
 id Fin.5, 14, ea:(»% (Or expr by verb v 
 PERFKCT,II.._/in.) II, Hiyhest excellence : 
 1. perfectio . more adequately, optmil 
 perfectlo atque absolutio, Cic. Hr j6, 
 IJ7: ci. suinr (1., 1). 2. absOlutio: 
 V. supr. 3. expr. by sunimns, ex- 
 trenius, optiinus: p. in all things to be 
 aimed at rises by many liegr-es, ex- 
 trenium onv ium appetendorum multis 
 gradibus adscendil [ut ad suinmum 
 perveniat], Cic. Fin. 5, 14, fin. |||. 
 Last degree ; esp. ironical : that is the 
 p. of stupidity, *hoc est permanisslmae 
 stultitiae: v. i-krfkct (IV.). 
 
 perfectly: \. Inapa/ect manner. 
 
 1. perlecte Cic. Br. 81, 282 Cell. 
 
 who has si'pei ?.). 2. absSliite : Suet. 
 
 r. 4 (abs. doctus). 3. P'f"P v. fully, 
 COMPLLTKLV ||, t^uite, thoroui/hly : 
 
 1. absolfite p. equal, Qx-rfecte] 
 abs.que pares, Cic. Ac. 2, 17. exlr so 
 that it may be more p. plum, ut abso- 
 lutius liqueat Matr S. .S. 2, i,. med. 
 
 2. perfecte (to be used with care, 
 
 ^ 
 
 as the word carrieb with It sense L) 
 Cic. V. supr (II., 1). 3. planfe (alto 
 gether, totally): Ter. Cic 
 
 perfectness : ^ hkkfkction. 
 
 perfitiious perfldus, perf Idi5sug 
 V. tkh:a< mkhocs, unfaithfi l. 
 
 perfidiously ; p«ri idio>e . Cic, 
 Sueu Less treq. perl Itle Sea. Conir. : 
 GelL V treachkholsly. 
 
 perfidiousness t peri idia : Clc -. 
 
 perfidy |f Suet, v tbkach- 
 
 ERV 
 
 perforate : 1. perfJiro. i (to make 
 a hole tliruuijh) Clo. in Quint 8. 6, 4-} 
 (navem perlorare in qua Ipse naviges^ • 
 Plin. 2. iSrebro. I (i/tWi a pim/rf or 
 some siuh instrument) • Caio Col. . Ov. 
 Phr.: the shield was found p.d u-ilh 
 2io holes, inventa sunt in (»cuio) fum- 
 muia axxx., Caes. B. C. », 51 pd with 
 few holes, loramine pauco (tibia), Hor. 
 A. I'. 20 J. 
 
 perforated (part, and adj.) : 1. 
 perf&ratus (with a hole bored through) : 
 p. beryls, berylli p., I'lin. {7, 5, 20. 
 2, ftiiaminritus (juU of holes): 
 Sid. In same sense, toraminosus, I'ert, 
 (Better, foraminibns creber, multa fora- 
 mina habens, multis f. dislimtus; the 
 last with ihe notion oX ornament.) 
 
 perforation : I. The act • expr. 
 by verb v. to ferforatf- ||, The 
 hole ; Riramen, Inis, n. ; Caes. : Hor. : 
 
 V. TO PF.RFORATE,_/in 
 
 perforce : vi (modal abl.), per vim : 
 V. FOi;iK. Phr. if Uiey sliould attempt 
 to Tioss p.. si se invito transire coua- 
 rentur, Caes. B. G. i, 8. 
 
 perform : I. To carry out, accom- 
 plish : usu. with ref. to that uhich is 
 incumbent on any one : \, praesto, 
 stTti, ^tWnm.f.part. -aturus, i . (to make 
 good, discharge) . I shall hare p.'d my 
 duty to the i-tate, ego meum reipublicae 
 oiiicium praeslitero, Caes. B. G. 4, 25 : 
 nhaterei- you promise him, J will p.; 
 quamcunque ei Bdem dederis priiestabo, 
 Clc. Fain. 5, 11, fin. : LIv. 2. *x- 
 scquor, ciitus, j (to carry out, fulfil ): 
 to p. all tlie functions of a k-ivg, omnia 
 regis ofiBcia ex., Cic. S<>n. 10, 54 : v. to 
 EXKCUTK (1., 1). So, persgquor, i (to 
 carry on to ihe end) : Ter. : Cic. 3. 
 lungor, nctus, } (with abl.): to p. one's 
 duly, f. officio, Cic. Coe\ 9, 21 : / uill p. 
 the part of a zvhetstone, fungar vice coiis 
 Hor. A. P. 104 to p. leligious rites, 
 sacris f., ib. 224 So, perfungor, j (to 
 p. completely) : Cic 4. P^r' icio, j 
 
 (to finish, p completely) : to see to it 
 that tasks are p.'d, curare ut opera p»'r- 
 ficiantur, Cato H. K. 2: Clc: v. To ac- 
 coJii'Li.sH, FINISH. 5. pfrago. egi, 
 
 actum, } top. any one's bidding, man- 
 data alicujus p., Ov. II 7, 502 : to p. 
 funeral rites, 'i\x*tn \>., I'lln. 2, 109. 112. 
 Phr.. top. religious sei-vices, rem di- 
 vinam facere, Caui R. R. 5 : Ter. Eun. }, 
 ?, 7 : Cic. : also, sacra facere (usu. with 
 ref. to certain special rites, whereas, 
 rem divinam facere denotis worship of 
 the gods in the most general sense), 
 Cic. Bal. 24, 55 : Liv. 5, 52 tacio is also 
 used absol. wlien sacrtd rites ■ c e being 
 p.'d on behalf of the peofU, qunm pro 
 populo fieret, Cic. Att. i, i{; also, 
 operari ; with p. part, operams in im- 
 perf. sense = enjy </"' '" p'ng sacred 
 rites: e.g. operatus hi^ Miens. Liv I, 
 u.fin.: and absol., Virg. G. i. }I9: 
 Hor.: top. luneial nt^s, jii>ia solvere, 
 tonticere. etc.: v. funkral (siiUs.). 
 II. To act a play or a piiri in one ■ 
 ago, i'gl, aanm, ? . <<> p. a play, a. fa- 
 bulam, Ter. Ad. prol. 12. top the prin- 
 cipal part, primas partes agere, id. Ph. 
 prol. 27 To p. from beginning to end, 
 peragere, Cic. S«'n. 19. 70. (N.B. — Ago 
 Is not used abs-. I.) Phr. he u aunre 
 it is Hoscius that is ping, in scena 
 Roscium e.sse inlelligit, Clc. Br 84, 289 : 
 it was no disgrace to />. (lit. (i/'/xvn ) on 
 the stage, in scenani prodire neniini tult 
 turpitudini, Nep prel. nt" com-diesare 
 being p.'d, novae prodeunt comioliae, 
 Fl. Cas. proL 9 the play "as p.d in 
 the consulate nl .. ., editji 'fjihulaj . . 
 Coss.. Ter. pref. Andr. etc. (odlta, given 
 I 547
 
 PERFORMANCE 
 
 PERIODICA I.I.Y 
 
 PERJURY 
 
 fc the public, rw.melii by the AediUs: 
 the fact of performance is denoted by 
 acta ib.). 
 
 performance : I. Act of dis- 
 charging : 1. fiinctio : the p. of a 
 task, muneris f., Cic. Verr. j, 6, i?. 
 Also, ptrfunctio (to the end) : id. 2. 
 exsgcutio: Tac. Plin. (Oftener expr. 
 by verb a promise is one thing and p. 
 another, * aliud est promittere ; aliud 
 promissa praegtare ; on account of the 
 faithful p. of duty, *ob munus dili- 
 genter fideliterque peractum v. to per- 
 FOBM.) II, An exhibition of a dra- 
 matic kind; expr by verb: daring the 
 p., dum faliula agitur : there will be a p., 
 agetur fabula . v. to perform. 
 
 performer ; P h r. : to be a good p. 
 on the flute, commode scienterque tibia 
 [tibiis] cantare, Nep. pref. : p.s on the 
 stage, qui in scenam prodeunt : v. to 
 PERFORM (II.). See also actor, plater. 
 
 perfame (subs.) ,• 1. 6dos or 
 
 5dor, o'ls, TO. iHxthed in liquid p.s, per- 
 fusus liquidis o., Hor. Od. i, 5, 2 : to 
 turn p.s, odores incendere, Cic. Tusc. j, 
 18, extr. 2. unguentum ; v. oil. 
 
 3. Snima (rare In this sense) : 
 O delicious p. I suavis a. ! Phaedr. 
 i. 1. 5- 
 
 perfume ("■) •• 1. odoro, i (infreq 
 except inp.part.) : Ov. M. 15, 7)4 : Col. 
 See also perfumed. 2. suffio, 4 (by 
 burning aromatic or other substances) : 
 V. to fumigate. Phr. : to p. a place 
 with various scents, locum variis odori- 
 businficere, Sen. Vii. Beat. II, j; odores, 
 unguenta, flores spargere, cf. Suet. Ner. 
 }i : to p. one's head xnth fragrant oil, 
 caput odorato nngueiito perfricare, Cic. 
 Verr. ?, 25. 62. (Oduribus irabuere, 
 given by Kr., must be used wiih cau- 
 tion ; as it implies a tincturing or satu- 
 rating of the substance of anything with 
 perfume : cf. Hor. Ep. i, 2, 69.) 
 
 perfumed ( part- and oty.),- unguen- 
 tatus (with unguents) : curled and p. 
 lacks, cincinni crispi, ung., PI. True. 2, 2, 
 35 : Cat. In sim. sense, unguentis 
 affluens (streaming with unguents), Cic. 
 Sext. 8, init. ; unguentis delibutus, 
 Phaedr. 5, i, I2. 
 
 perfumer : 1. unguentarius (dealer 
 in unguents) : Cic. Off. I, 42, 150 : Hor. 
 To keep a p.'s shop, unguentariam taber- 
 nam exercere. Suet. Aug. 4. 2.. my- 
 Topola, ae, m. (Gr. ^vpoTrioAi)?) : PI. 
 3. Sdorarius: only In Gloss, (odo- 
 rarius, opw^iaTOiroiArjs). 
 
 perfumery : unguenta, odores : V. 
 
 PERFUME (subs.). 
 
 perfunctorily : parum diligenter, 
 negligenter : v. neglicentlt. 
 
 perfunctory : neglTgens, parum di- 
 ligens, etc. v. negligent 
 
 perhaps: 1. fortassg (=it may 
 be so) ■ p. som^ one may say, f. dixerit 
 quispiara, Cic. Sen. j, 8 thit p. we have 
 not achieved; but at any rate, we have 
 very often tried, id nos f. non perfeci- 
 mus, conati quidem saepissime sumus, 
 Cic. Or. 62, 210 • Caes. Ironically: ah! 
 you are slow of comprehension. — Per- 
 haps. Hui ! tardus es. — Fortjisse, Ter. 
 Heaut. 4, 5. 29. 2. forsitan (like 
 
 preced., but less strong, indicating a 
 liwer degree of probability : about = 
 Eng. p>ssibly : usu. with subj.) : p. some 
 greater art wmUd be requisite, major 
 ars aliqua forsitan esset requirenda, Cic. 
 de Or 2, 45, 189 Ter. (N.B.— Forsitan 
 should not be used with indicative un- 
 loss it may be regarded as a sentence in 
 itself, inserted parenthetically cf. Cic. 
 Lig. extr., longiorem orationem causa 
 forsitan postulat ; tua certe natura bre- 
 viorem, the <ase itself [it may be] calls 
 for a longer speech ; your ruxtural dis- 
 position certainly for a shorter one.) 
 Abbreviated forsan (poet.) : p. too it 
 will be a pUasure one day to remember 
 this, forsan et haec olim meminisse ju- 
 vabit, Virg. Aen. i, 20} • Hor.: Ter. 
 3, after si, nisi, ne, num : fortg : v. 
 fERCHANCE. (N.B.— Fortasse and forsi- 
 tan or forsan are used independently, 
 where torte would either signify by 
 chance or be without meaning altu- 
 548 
 
 gether. Forte can only be rendered 
 perhaps when dependent on the particles 
 mentioned.) 4. f<""s (poet. = forsi- 
 
 tan) : Virg. Aen. 2, 1J9 : Hor. Also 
 used after si v. perch akce. 5. 
 
 where hesitation of mind is to be ex- 
 pressed ^ / avi inclined to think it is 
 so, use baud scio an, nescio an, with 
 subj. : a man the wisest and p. the most 
 excellent of all, vir sapientissimus et 
 baud scio an omnium praestaiitissimus, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 4, II (R. and A.). 
 
 perigee : expr. by circuml., when the 
 moon is in her p., *ubi luna proxime a 
 terra abest : v. near (adv.). 
 
 peril (subs.) : pericaium, discrimen 
 (imminent and critical) : v. danger. 
 
 peril (<'■)•• in periculum voco, etc.: 
 V. to endanger, hazard. 
 
 perilous : pericillosus, anceps, etc. : 
 
 V. I>ANGEROnS. 
 
 perilously ; p6riculose : v. dan- 
 gerously. 
 
 period : I. -4 stated number of 
 years, days, etc. : numerus annorum, 
 spatium annorum (temporis) : Tac. A. 
 6, 28 (concerning the Kgyptian period of 
 the Phoenix). Also, numerus temporis, 
 Cic. Tim. 9, fm. ; spatium temporis, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 18. Phr. a year is a 
 complete solar p., annus est. sol ubi suum 
 totum confecit et peragravit orbem, Cic. 
 Tim. 9, jreed. ||. In chronological 
 
 sense : tempus, aetas : v. A(;e. |||. 
 
 Time indefinitely: tempestas (esp. fre- 
 quent in Sail.), tempus : v. time. | V. 
 End : finis, terminus • v. end. To put 
 a p. to, f inio, 4 : to put a p. to one's toils, 
 labores f., Hor. Od. }. 4, }) : to put a p. 
 to one's life, vitam [voluntaria morle] 
 f., Plin. 6, 19, 22 . V. TO terminate. 
 V. A complete sentence : pgriodus 
 or -OS, i, /. (Gr. Trcpi'oSo?) : a p. has at 
 least two members, habet p. membra 
 minimum duo, Quint. 9, 4, 12;, et sqq. : 
 along p.,p.]o\teioT,\<i. 11, }, 5}. (N.B.— 
 Not used by Cic, except as Gk., cf. id. 
 Or. 61, 204, quem Graeci irepioSov, uos 
 tum ambituni, tum circuitum, turn coni- 
 prehensionem, aut continuationem, aut 
 circumscriptionem vocamus but in cri- 
 tical lang., it is often better to follow 
 Quint., who notices the various at- 
 tempted synonyms of Cic. Inst. Or. 9, 
 4, 124.) Phr.: to recite a very long p. 
 without taking fresh breath, longissi- 
 mam verborum complexionem uno 
 splritu volvere, cf. Cic. de Or. j, 47, l8z . 
 to avoid long p.s, longam verborum con- 
 tinuationem fugere, Auct. Her. 4, I2, 
 18: harmonious, well defined, rounded 
 p.s. arguti, certique, et circumscripti 
 verborum ambitus, Cic. Or. 12, }8. 
 
 periodic : as epith. of style : (oratio) 
 vincta atque conlextai. Quint. 9, 4. 20 
 (opp. to oratio soluia, the free, running 
 style of conversation or letters, At'fi; 
 eipo|u.eVi)) ; genus eloquendi (scribendi) 
 conversum atque circumscriptum, 
 Aquila Roman, in Kenrick's Herod, 
 p. xl. • cf. Cic. Or. 12, j8. 
 
 periodical (o4)) •• '• «■ recurring at 
 intervaU : 1. status (fixed, recurring 
 at definite periods) : the p. (fixed) 
 courses of the stars, s. siderum cursus, 
 Plin. 18, 29, 69} 291 : esp. in connexion 
 with tempus: l.iv. : Plin.; v. pr.RiODi- 
 callt. 2. sollennis (solennis, sollem- 
 nis, solemnis) : i. e. coming rouni once 
 every year : Join soUenne et statum 
 Lsacrificium], Cic. Tusc. i, 47, 11 j; sta- 
 tum ac [prope] sollenne in singulos 
 aniios, Liv. j, 15, med. 3. p5ri6dicus 
 (e.xtr, rare) : fevers which the Greeks 
 call p., febres quas Graeci p. vocant, 
 Plin. 20, }, 8 : pure Lat., febres statae, 
 id. 28,8,28; quae circuitu quodam re- 
 (leunt : v. intermittent. Phr,- p. 
 literature, *libelli li qui statis temptiribu.-i 
 (stalls diebus) e prelo prodeunt, eraa- 
 nant : p. innds. venii qui certo tem- 
 pore annl fianl, Gell. 2, 22. 
 
 periodical (subs.) -. *libellus diur- 
 nus, hebdomadalis, menstruu.s, etc. as 
 the case may be. See also journal. 
 
 periodically ; temponbus statis 
 Liv. 28. 6, med. (= at fixed intervals, 
 opp. to temere) ; stato tempore, Plin. 1 1 , 
 
 J7, 6; ; certo tempore (aimi), Gell. 2, 22, 
 ad fin. See also intermittent. 
 
 periodicity : expr. by circumU v 
 period, periodic. 
 
 peripatetic : pgripatetlcus : the p. 
 school, secta p., JoL 9, } ■ Gell. 
 
 periphery : 1. pSripheria (of a 
 circle) : Mart. Qjp. See also circum- 
 ference. 2. plrtmetros, i, /. ; Vitr 
 5, 6, init. : Front. 
 
 periphrastic ; *perlphrasticus ; per 
 periphrasin dictus. 
 
 periplus : periplus, i, m. (Gr. n-e- 
 piVAou?) : Plin. 7, 48, 49 5 155. 
 
 perish ; 1. pereo, 4, irr. (most 
 gen. term) : the while army would p., 
 totum exercitum periturum, Nep. Epam. 
 7 : cities p. from their very foundations, 
 p. funditus urbes, Hor. Od. i, 16, 9: they 
 threw themselves into the river and p.'d 
 there, se in flumen praecipitavenmt 
 atque ibi perierunt, Caes. K. G. 4, 15. 
 
 In asseverations, mxiy I p., if 
 
 peream, si Ov. H. 16 (17), 18} : so. 
 
 disperram, Hor. S. i. 9, 47. I^ss. freq. 
 is comp. dep6reo, 4 (to p. completely) : 
 a great part of that army has utterly 
 p.'d, illius exercitus magna pars deperiil 
 Caes. B. C. }, 87 : Cic. 2. intereo, 4, 
 irr. (strictly, to be lost ; comp. Cic. Fin. 
 }. 14, init., interit [— disappears] mag- 
 nitudine maris Aegaei stilla muriae • 
 whereas pereo is to come to an end, be 
 absolutely destroyed) : the crops p. (lost 
 among the weeds), int. segeles, Virg. G. 
 I, 152: in gen. sense, top. by famine or 
 sword, fame aut ferro int., Caes. B. G. 5, 
 ?o. 3. occldo, di, casum, 3 (to fall, go 
 to ruin ; be cut off) : top. by the sivord, 
 ferro oc, Virg. Aen. 2, ?8i : so, in proelio 
 (proeliantem) oc, Cic. Fam. 9. 5. Join; 
 occidere et exstingui, Cic. N. D. ?. 9. 2}. 
 4. pass, of exstinguo, nxi, nctum, t 
 (to cut off utterly) : a (whole) house has 
 p.'d utterly, gensabstirpe exslincta est, 
 Liv. 9, 34, med. : Cic. Join: exstingui 
 atque toUi [of the laws], Cic. Agr. j, 2, ?. 
 f . intercido, di, } (mostly poet. = 
 intereo) he was an augur; his name 
 has p.'d with length of years, augur 
 erat ; nomen longis Intercidit annis, Ov. 
 F. 2, 44? ■■ Plin. 
 
 perishable : 1. <'xpr. by circuml. : 
 p. commodities, *quae cito corrum- 
 puntur; *quae diutius incorrupta ser- 
 vari non po^sunt ; *quae f.icile pereunt : 
 V. TO spoil, perish. 2. fragilis, e 
 (frail, easily destroyed r a word suited 
 only for elevated style) : an eternal soul 
 animates the p. body, f. corpus animus 
 sempiternus movet, Cic. Rep. 6, 24 : p. 
 nature, f. natura, Lucr. 1, 582. 3. 
 cadiicus (soon falling an ay, frail, fleet- 
 ing : like preced., suited only for ele- 
 vated style) the p. and feeble body, 
 corpus c. et infirmum, Cic. N. I». 1, 35, 
 98 : Ov Join: mortalis et cailucus, id. 
 Kep.6, 17; incertus, caducus, mobilis, id. 
 I'h. 4, 5, fin. See also frail, fleeting. 
 
 perishableness : sometimes, fragi- 
 
 litas- v.'FKAiLTv. See preced. art. 
 
 peristaltic : *p5ristalticus : only 38 
 med. t. t. 
 
 peristyle: perlstjlmm : Suet. Aug. 
 82 : Vitr. Also, peristylum : Varr. R. K. 
 J, 5, med. : Aus. 
 
 periwig: capillSmentum : Suet.Cal. 
 II : V. wig. 
 
 periwinkle; l. The plant : vmca 
 pervinca (or as one word): Plin. 21, 11, 
 jg. (*Vinca nijyor, minor Linn.) ||. 
 The shell-fish : perh. pectuncilus : Plin. 
 (•rurl>> littoreus : Linn.) 
 
 perjure : pejero or p> rjuro, I (to p. 
 oneself) : Cic. Off. j, 29, 108 (where ihe 
 texts vary) : more luUy verbis con- 
 ceptis p. (i. e. after formally taking tite 
 oaih or d/'claratUm prescril>ed by law), 
 id. Clu. 48, 1)4. See also perjury 
 
 perjured: peijiirus n hut is the dif- 
 ference ttetween a liar and a. p. man, 
 quid interest inter mendaoem et p..' 
 Cic. R. Com. 16, init. ; Virg. : Hor. 
 
 perjurer : perjurus (homo) V. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 perjury : perjurium to be guilty of 
 
 p., p. tacere, Cic. Off. j. 29. 108 to be 
 
 I tempted to p , ad p. perduci, id. R. Con.
 
 PERK 
 
 PERPETUATE 
 
 PERSECUTE 
 
 l6, 46. To commit p., pejero or peijuro 
 (v. TO PEKJLKi) : Ik tvho is accusVimed 
 to lie has lea) Id how to amimit p., qui 
 meiitiri solet, p. cunsuevil, Cic. K. Com. 
 I.e. ! 
 
 perk (v.) : i. e. to hold up the head \ 
 Kith affected briskiitss ^Johnson) : 
 " t'divarU's viiss p.s it in your /ace," 
 (Pope), * Eduuardi ineretrix iiicedit vo- 
 bis per ora >U|ierblens. 
 
 permanence : sometimes, sUtbiliias: 
 who uill be able to trust tn the p. of 
 fortune, quispoterit fortunae staljllitate 
 contideie.> Cic. I'lisc. 5, 14. 40. Or e.\pr. 
 by verb to give greater p. to the laus, 
 •quo l''ges diutlus maneant alque va- 
 leani : v. td kkmaik, kndurk. 
 
 permanent: diiiturnus, mansurus, 
 etc.: V. i,A»Ti.s<,. 
 
 permanently : perpeiuo : Caes. B. 6. 
 
 1, ji, nifU. iJee also, continually, 
 
 ALWAYS. 
 
 permeable : v. penetrable. 
 permeate : pemiano, i : t. to pene- 
 
 TRATK. lA^s TIIKOUGH. 
 
 permissible: expr. by licet, etc.: 
 
 V. LAWUL. 
 
 permission : chiefly in certain phrr. : 
 (i.) logivi' p. : (1). perniitto, niisi, ssuni, 
 J (witli dat., either absol. or foil, liy 
 sutj. with ul) : he uould not have quitlf.il 
 me had 1 not given him p., iieqne dia- 
 cessisset a me, nisi ego ei permisis>em, 
 Cic Fam. I}, 71 : p. being given either 
 ...or . . ., p€rmiss6 ut seu . . . seu . . ., 
 Liv. J4. ?i ; also (esp. in later writers) 
 with infm. ; v. to persiit. (Hence, 
 permissio [v. rare], with abl. perniissu ; 
 the act of giving p. or authoritij : e. g. 
 by p. (if the lau; pemiir-su legis.Cic. Agr. 
 
 2, 14, J5 : and in same sense, j). part, of 
 permitio, used as subs.: I avail myself 
 of the p., utiir perniisso, Hor. Kp. 2. 1, 45. 
 But both verb and verbal subss. denote 
 Bometbing beyond the Kiig., viz. sanction, 
 authorization : cf.U.cc.) (2). pOtestatem 
 facio, J (absol. ; or folL bj' gr.r. or ger. 
 part.) : V. LEAVE, subs. (11.). (3). sino, j : 
 V. to persiit, allow, (ii.) to ask p. : 
 expr. by verb — ask, with licet, in depend, 
 clause : they asked p. to do it with his 
 "xmsent, rogare, ut ejus voluntate id 
 5ibi facere liceat, Caes. B. G. i, 7. 
 
 (iii.) with my, your p.: (1). expr. 
 
 by per me, t« (licet) : tmt if this 
 
 cannot be done toith Cratippus's p., 
 sin hoc non licet perCratippum, Cic Oft'. 
 It 7> 3J : you may snore if you ;7«a,<f, 
 with my {full) p., per me vel stertas 
 licet, id. Ac. 2, 29, 9;. (2). when some- 
 thing is said needing to be prefaced 
 with an apology : with your p., bona tua 
 venia (dixerim); etc.: v. leave, subs. 
 (/in.). (3). concerning permissu tiio, 
 etc., V. supr. (i., I). (4). conce.ssu (Im- 
 plying grace on the part of the persun 
 permitting) : by his p. and Ijounty, illius 
 c. et beneticio, Cic. Fam. 4. 6, exlr. : ct. 
 id. Tim. extr. (concessu atque niunere 
 Deoruni). (iv.) irithout {any one's) p.: 
 expr. by invitus, In abl. absol. consir. : 
 if they attempted to cross withoid his p., 
 si se invito transire conarcntur, Caes. 
 B. G. 1,8: unlhout (your) father's p , 
 Invito palre, Ter. Ad. 5, j, 20. (v.) to 
 have any one's p. .- expr. by licet, 2 
 (impers. ) : if (_thei/) had your p., si per 
 te liceat (illis), Caes. B. G. 5, }0 : you have 
 my v., i>er me licet : v. supr. (iii., 1). 
 
 permissive: Phr. : a p. measure, 
 *lex quae j)erniittit non autem im- 
 perat. 
 
 permit : 1. slno, sivi, sTtum, j {lo 
 alloiv, suffer) : usu. foil, by ivfn. ; also, 
 esp. when In imperal. mood, by subj., 
 mostly without ut: they do not p. uHne 
 lo be imporlai to them, vinuni ad se im- 
 portari non sinunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 2 : he 
 would tint p. the comitia to be held, ge 
 comltla haberi non siluruin, Cic. y. Fr. 
 2, b, fin. : p. me to dear myself, sine me 
 expiirgem, Ter. Andr. ;, j, 29. Also 
 absol. : I will not brook it, nill not suffer 
 it, will not p. it, non feram, non patiar, 
 non sinam, Cic. Cat i, 5, 10. 2. per- 
 mllU). niisi, ssmn, } {to grant powers 
 for doing something) : lor constr. v. 
 PEKMissioN (i.). P h r. : if one is p.'d to 
 
 conjecture, si conJectare permittitur, 
 Plin. 4, 14, 28 : on being p.'d, permisso 
 {abl. absol. impers.) : Liv. J4, ji, «'">'. 
 3, coDcedo, ssi, ssum, ; (usu. de- 
 noting an act of grace : v. to ojncede, 
 grant) : also in gen. sense, esp. im pass. 
 iiiipi:rs. ; they are not p.'d to sprak on 
 public affairs, de republlca loqui non 
 conceditur, Ca*fS. B. G. 6, 20: linr. Ep. 
 • i 5. ^1- 4. e.xpr. one is p.'d, by licet, 
 fas est: V. lawful. Phr. : if I maybe 
 p.'d lo say so, bona tua venia di.xerim : 
 V. lean e, subs. {fin.). 
 
 permutation : ptrh- pemiutatio : 
 
 or e.xpr. by verb ; to find out how many 
 p.s the hlti-rs are capable of, "reperire 
 quot ratioiiibus litterae mutate inter se 
 ordine dlgerantur. 
 
 pernicious : pemiciosus : p. laws, 
 leges p , Caes. B. C. 1.7: Cic. See also, 
 
 INJLRIOIS, destructive. 
 
 perniciously : periiiciose : Cic. 
 
 peroration : perorallo : epilOgus : 
 Cic. Br. };,./in. (ejus peroratio, qui epi- 
 logus dicitur) both terms are also used 
 by yuint. (Inst. Or. 6, i, " de perora- 
 tione," 5 7) ; but peroratio is preferable, 
 as being free Irom ambiguity. Other 
 synonyms are, conclusio (orationis), Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 19, 80 : Quint 6, i , l : and cu- 
 mulus, yulnt. ib. To deliver the p. of a 
 speech, perorare, Quint. II, I, 61 . but in 
 Cic. = to bring a speech to an end ; cf. id. 
 Att, 4, 2, odio et strepitu senatus coactns 
 est aliquando perorare (= lo wind vp). 
 
 perpendicular (adj.) .- 1. directus 
 
 (straight, in gen. sense) : a ditch ivith p. 
 sides, fossa d. lateribus, C!aes B. G. 7, 72 : 
 more precisely, directus ad perpendi- 
 culum, ib. 4, 17 (directe, adv.: Long.). 
 2. perpendicularls,e (late; and to be 
 strictly confined to geometrical lang.) : 
 Front. Goes. p. J2. Phr.: to make 
 strictly p., ad libellam (perpendiculuin) 
 dirigere, Vitr. j, 4 (}), 5. 
 
 perpendicular (subs.) .■ cathetus, i, 
 /. (Gk. (caflcTo?) : Vitr. J, 5 (J), 6.^ Or, 
 linea perpt-iidicularis : v. Knmt. Goes, 
 p. J2. (Perpendiculuin is a plumb-line.) 
 
 perpendicularly : 1, din-nv ad 
 perpendicuhim : Caes. B. G. 4, 17 (ed. 
 Long.). 2. recte: Cic. Kin. i, 6, 20 
 (opp. to oblique) • for which Lucr. has, 
 recuim, Nat. Ker. 2, 217. 3. ad li- 
 neam : to be carried don n p., deorsum 
 ferri ad I., Cic. Fin. i, 6, 18: Plin. Also, 
 recta linea (rectis lineis, of a number of 
 olrjerls) : Cic. Tusc. 1,17, 40. 
 
 perpetrate : admitto (^usu. with in 
 and pron. reff.) ; less freq., committo : 
 jierficio (scelus perficere. Cic. Clu. 68, 
 fin.): facio (scelus nefarium facere, id. 
 de Or. I, 51, 220): V. to commit; and 
 crime. 
 
 perpetration : expr. by verb : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 perpetrator: expr. by rel. clause: 
 the p.s of crimes, "qui nefarla scelera 
 fecei e ; in se admisere ; etc. : v. To per- 
 petrate, commit. 
 
 perpetual: 1. sempitemus: the 
 p. courses of the stars, s. stellaruin cursus, 
 CSc. Kep. 6, 24: true friendships are p., 
 verae amicitiae s. sunt, id. Am. 9, j2. 
 2. perennis, e (lastivg on from year 
 to year) : the p. courses of the stars, 
 stellarum porcnnes cursus, id. N. D. 2, 
 21, 5; ; incessant and p. motion, conti- 
 nuata motio et p., id. fuse 1. 10, exlr. 
 .Join : also, perennis et perpetuus, Cic. 
 N. 1). 1. c. 3. assiduus (in less exact 
 sense): v. incessaxt. (N'.B.— Perpetuus 
 denotes that something goes on uithout 
 interruption, so Unrig as it goes on at all 
 = unbroken, continuous : only in later 
 authors = pei-petual : v. incessant.) 
 
 perpetually: 1. perpgtuo (iii7/i- 
 out leaving iff) : Caes. B. G. 7. 41 : Cic. 
 2. semper : v. always. See also 
 ince.ssantly. 
 
 perpetuate: 1. continuo, i (to 
 
 carry on continuously): to p. a ma- 
 gistrcuy (vi/,. the decemvirate, which vas 
 piojieityfor a time only), mapistratum 
 c, Liv. }, jj, med. : Cic. Fl. 11, 2; 
 (libertas usque ad hoc tempus conti- 
 nuata perniunsit, has been p.d to this 
 <i'^y)- 2. expr. by ciicuiul., to p. his 
 
 power, "quo dominationem guam diu- 
 turnam (sempltemam) f.iceret: by tht 
 most distinguitlied memorials to p. the 
 nufmory of one's name, amplissimis mo- 
 numentis consecrare niemoriam nominig 
 sui, Cic. y. Fr. i. 1, 15, extr. (Scarcely, 
 perpetuare, in this sense: Hor. baii 
 aelernare in aevum, Od. 4, 14, 5 ; but 
 the phr. is unsuiled for prose.) 
 
 perpetuity : perpeiultas (unbroken 
 continuation) : cf Cic. Off. 2. 7, 2J, 
 malus custos diuturnitatis m<rius; coii- 
 traque benevulentia fidells vel ad per- 
 petuitatem {— for the whole of life). 
 Phr.: for a p., in perpetuum, Llv. }, 
 
 J8 : V. CONTINUALLY. 
 
 perplex : 1. tjistiiho, xi, crnm, } 
 (to draw the mind in different direc- 
 tions) : 1 am p.'d : first this and tfteii 
 that appearing more pruttable to m^, 
 distrnhor quuni hoc mihi probablliu* 
 turn illud videtur, Cic. Ac. 2, 4J, U4 : 
 Tibi:rius vas p.'d liy diiubtful care, 
 I'iberium aiiceps cura distraliere, Tac. A. 
 2i 40. 2. perh. sollidio, 1 : v. to kis- 
 yciKT. 3. expr. to bep.'d, by ac*tuo. 
 I (to be in a state of excitement and 
 doubt) : to he p.'d by doubt, dubitatione 
 aestuare, Cic. Verr 2, 2, jo, 74 : the mind 
 is p.'d belueen the two, anceps iiit«T 
 utrumque aestual animus, Quint. 10, 7, 
 extr. .See also, ro coNFcsf, disturb. 
 
 perplexed (part, and adj.) : |. Of 
 things, intricate, conjused: contortug, 
 implicatus, etc. : v. intricate. ||. Of 
 the miud, in a state cf perplexily : \, 
 dabius (oft. with animi, sent«ntlae) : 
 V. UOUBTFUL. 2. anxius (denoting 
 distress of mind as well as doubt) : 
 p. with cares, a. curis, Ov. M. 9, 275 : 
 Cic. : V. anxious. 3. suspensus (in 
 a state of anxious uncertainty) : p. by 
 more serious concerns, s. curis migoribiu, 
 Cic. Ph. 7, init. : v. suspense. To be 
 p.'d, aestuare, haerere, etc. : v. to per- 
 plex (3) ; hesitate. 
 
 perplexing (("O) ■ 1. sometimes 
 duliius : u p. dinner (where all is so gt-od 
 that it is liard to choose), d. coena, Hor. 
 S. 2, 2, 77 : V. DOUBTFUU 2. imp6- 
 ditus (involved ire difficulty) : a p. de- 
 bate, i. disceptaiio, Liv. }•;. 54, med. 
 3. perplexus (like preced.): to occa- 
 sion p. deliberation, p. deliberailonem 
 praebere, Liv. 1. c. 4. nodosus. v. 
 KNOTTY. 6. diffkilis, e (g<-n. term) : 
 cf Liv. J7, 54, init. (nihil neque diffi- 
 cllius neque molestius, more embai-rast- 
 ing or more annoying) : v. difficult. 
 P h r. : v-hat can be nuirep., 'quid potest 
 majorem animo dubilationem afferre? 
 people began to fed a p. uncertainty, 
 injectus est hominibus scrupulus et dubi- 
 tatio quaed.im, Cic. Clu. 28. 76. 
 
 perplexity : sometimes, dflbltatio : 
 V. HESfTATioN. P h r. : fo b< in u state 
 of p., animo (dubitatione) aestuare (v. 
 TO PERPLEX, 3) : to be reduced to gicat p. 
 (straits), in sunimas angiistlas adduci, 
 Cic. Quint. J, 19 : he was in a state of 
 ffteat p., varius incertusque agitalmt. 
 Sail. Jug. 74 : in p. and ii/norance as to 
 what they should do, incerti ignarique 
 quid potissimum facerent, ib. 67 : to 
 cause any one p., scrupuluui, dubila- 
 tionem allcui injicere: v. preced. art. 
 extr. 
 
 perquisite : sometimes, piculium 
 (private pruprrty acquired by a slai-e): 
 V. l^t. Diet. s. v. Itimin. pecullolum : 
 Quint. I, 5, 46. Phr.: all these things 
 arf ps of the steward, * haec omnia 
 villico in peculinm ctnia'duniur ; baec 
 omnia translaticium est villico ut pro- 
 pria sua promitti, cuncedi. Sometimes 
 corollariiim (douceur; Ger. trinkgdd) 
 may serve : v. present. 
 
 perry: *vini genus ex piris confer 
 tuin. 
 
 persecute : 1. Insector, i (to set 
 on and attack vigorously) : Join: agi- 
 tare atque Insectarl [iniplos], Cic. I/eg. 
 I, 14, 40. 2. persfquor, ,s<>ciaus. j 
 (I'ale;' the word ordinarily used by Chris- 
 tian writers) : Meio u-as the first ./ all 
 to p. the seri-ants of (.'od, Nero pruiius 
 omnium persecutus Iiei servos, pseudo- 
 Lact. de Mori, pi-rs. 2, et pass. : Vulg. 
 549
 
 PERSECUTION 
 
 PERSON 
 
 PERS O NA LTY 
 
 pass. 3. vexo, i (to treat tvith abuse 
 and outrage) : to p. the church, v. eccle- 
 siam, pseudo-I^act. L c. 4. P h r. : he 
 ■p.d the Christians ninst cruelly, Chris- 
 tiaiios quaesitissimis suppliciis (crucia- 
 tibus) affecit, cf. Tac. A. 15, 44. 
 
 persecution : 1. lnsectatio (set- 
 ting on and won-ying) : cf. Br. in Cic. 
 Fam. II, I, taiita est honiinum iiisolen- 
 tia et ins. nostri : Cic. : yuint. 2. 
 vexatio : p.s of (he Christians, populi 
 Christiani vexatiimes. Sulp. Sev. Sac. 
 Hist. 1, I, (R. and A.): pspudo-Lact. d^ 
 Mort. pers. 2. 3. pfrseciUio (late; but 
 used by Christia'i writers) : a most cruel 
 p., criidelissiraa p., pseudo-Lact. 1. c. 14 : 
 Vulg. Act. viii. 1, etc. 
 
 persecutor : 1. insectator (for 
 
 syn. V. TO PKRSEcUTE): Liv. : Quint.: 
 p.s of the Christians, Cliristianorum ins., 
 Kr. 2. ve-xator : e. g. Christianae 
 
 rellgionis, Eutrop. (R. and A.) 3. 
 persgciitor : pseudo - Lact. P h r. : a 
 bitter p., *Christiano nomini infestissi- 
 mus, inimiclssiraus ; qui Christianos 
 acerbissime vexat. 
 
 perseverance; 1. persgverantia: 
 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164 : Caes. 2. pertin- 
 acia (strictly the correlative vice to 
 perseverance ; i. e. obstinacy, q. v. : also 
 in good sense): v. pkutinacitv. 3. 
 constantia (steadfastness, kcpivg on 
 with anything) : Join: perseverantia 
 atque constantia. Auct. B. Alex. 26. 
 (Or expr. by persevere, i : v. foil, art) 
 persevere : 1. persfivero, i : to 
 
 p. with anything, in aliqua re p., Caes. 
 B. C. I, 26 : iiiipers. pass., they p.'d, 
 perseveratum est : v. to persist. 2. 
 persto. stiti, statutn. i (to continue to 
 hold by anything; denoting rather the 
 passive side of perseverance, as persevere 
 the active) : v. to peusist. 3. con- 
 sto, I (to remain firm and steadfast) : 
 to p. in an opinion, in sententia c, Cic. 
 Fam. 7, 1 7. 4. pernianeo, 2: v. to 
 REMAIN, continue. 5. pergo, } (to 
 go on, continue) : v. to proceed. 6. 
 tgneo, ui, ntum, j (to p. in; amtinw. to 
 maintain) : to p. in one's custom, con- 
 suetudineiu suam t., Cic. Ph. i, ii, 27: 
 to p. in one's pmpose, propositum t., 
 Caes. B. C. j, 42. Phr. : to p. in a 
 course, viam oflfirniare, Ter. Hec. j, ;, 4. 
 persevering (a<y): 1. constans, 
 ntis (Jim, steadfast) : a citizen most p. 
 in the best courses, civis in rebus optiniis 
 constantissimus, Cic. Br. 25, 95 : p. and 
 uninterrupted defence, c, perpetua de- 
 fensio, id. in Sen. 12, ?o: v. firm, stead- 
 fast. 2. pertinax (sticking to any- 
 thing : as often in good as in bad sense) : 
 p. zeal (of a learner), studium p.. Quint, 
 prooem. extr. : p. (obstinate) valour, p. 
 virtus. Liv. 25, 14, init. Foil, by inf. 
 (poet.) : p. in her insolent game (Fortune), 
 ludum insolentem ludere p., Hor. Od. 
 i. 29, 50. 3. perseverans, ntis (per- 
 sistent) : most p. devotion to agriculture, 
 perseverantissimum agri colendi stu- 
 dium. Col. pref. mal. : Liv. : Val. Max. 
 4. tenax, acis (only when foil, by 
 depend, subs.) : e. g. tenax propositi, 
 Hor. Od. 3, }, I ■■ Quint. 
 
 perseveringly : 1. constanter : 
 V. FIRMLY, steadfastly. 2. pertin- 
 aciter (for syn. v. preced. art.) : p. de- 
 voted to liberal pursuits, p. liberalibus 
 studiis deditus, Snet. CI. 40, extr. .- Hirt. : 
 Sen. : v. obstinately. 3. perseve- 
 
 ranter (infreq.) : Liv. 4, 60, ad fin. 
 
 persiflage (Fr.): I'hr. : to indulge 
 in p. with any one, [faniiliariter] cum 
 aliquo cavillari atque joairi, Cic. Att. 
 2, I 4. See also. jf.st (subs.). 
 
 persist : 1. persto, stiti, statuni, 
 I : to p. in anything, p. in aliqua re, 
 Cit. Off. J, 9, J9 : if hoirever they p.'d in 
 uur, sin pcrstaretur in bello, Tac. A. 
 1}, 57. Join: perstare atque oMurare, 
 Hor. S. 2, 5, it). In same sense, per- 
 sisto, J : Liv. 2. persgvero, i (de- 
 
 noting the active as persto does rather 
 the passive side of persistency) : to p. 
 in a fault, in vitio p., Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5 : 
 foil, by occ. and inf. : he p.'d (in saying) 
 that he uas Orestes, perseveravit se esse 
 Orestem, Cic. Am. 7, 24: Veil. Like 
 550 
 
 persto, oft. impers.: they p.'d in their 
 anger, perseveratum in ira est, Liv. 2, 
 j;, Tned. 3. insisto, stiti, j (to urge 
 on) : usu. with infin. : the Senat.e. p.'d 
 in demanding of him, that . . ., flagitare 
 Senatus institit eum, ut . . ., Cic. Fam. 
 10 16 : V. to tiRGE To p. in saying, 
 may also be expr. by dictito : cf. Cic. 
 Verr. Act. I, 2, 4; to p in demanding, 
 by flagiio (v. to demand) : either of 
 which may be strengthened by, assidue, 
 iterum atque iterum, etc. 
 
 persistence : permansio (in aliqua 
 re) Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164. 
 
 persistence : peninacia, persgveran- 
 tia; for syn. v. perseverance, obsti- 
 nacy. Or expr. by verb ; such nas the 
 p. of the assault, *adeo in oppugnatione 
 perseveratum est : v. to persist. 
 
 persistent : 1. pertinax v. ob- 
 
 stinate. 2. perseverans: more p. in 
 slaughter, perseveraiitiorcaedendis (hos- 
 tibus), Liv. 5, ii,m€d.: v. persevering. 
 3. offirmalus (with mind made 
 up) • p. in (cherishing) indignation, of. 
 in iracundia, Cic. Att i, 11. To be p., 
 se offirmare, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 8; per- 
 stare, persistere, etc. : v. to persist, 
 persevere. 
 
 persistently: 1. pers6veranter: 
 to rage more p., perse veran tins saevire, 
 Liv. 21, \o,med. 2. pertinaciter : v. 
 
 OBSTINATELY. 
 
 person : I. .4 human, being : 1, 
 homo, ill is, c. ; which, esp. in pi., is often 
 sufficiently indicated by the gender of 
 an adj. or pron. : one of the advocati, 
 a p. of the highest character, quidam ex 
 advocatis, homo sunima virtute prae- 
 ditu.s, Cic. Clu. 6?, 177 : many p.s, 
 multi; S(/me p.s, nonnuUi, etc. : passim. 
 2. esp. in enumerations, caput, itis, 
 n. : Sooo p.s, free and slaves, octo millia 
 liberorum servoi unique capitum, Liv. 
 29, 29: Caes.: common p.s (the mass of 
 the people), ignota c, Liv. }, 7, init. Also 
 cornice : a nice, jolly p., lepidum c, Ter. 
 Ad. 5, 9, 9, etc. 3. similar to caput, 
 and used chiefly in general descriptions, 
 corpus, oris, n. : free p.s, libera c, Liv. 
 29, 21, vied. : to consign a free p. to 
 bmidage, liberum c. in servituteni addi- 
 cere, id. j, 56, med. 4. persona (de- 
 noting not a person individuaUy, but as 
 coming undei- a certain description) : he 
 did away with the use of litters except 
 for certain p.s and ages, lecticaium 
 usum nisi certis p. et aetatibus ademit, 
 Suet. Caes. 4? : p.s in humbler rank, 
 niinores p., id. Tib. }2. ||. Jn legal 
 sense, as opp. to tilings : persona : cf 
 Paul. Oig. 1, 5, 1, onine jus vel ad per- 
 sonaspertinet vel ad res : cf Smith's Ant. 
 s. V. actio. III. With ref to rank or 
 importance : Phr.: to have respect to 
 p.s, in personam (hominum) per gratiam 
 et preces exorabileni esse. Suet. Aug. 
 27, init. : *digniiatis honiinum niagis 
 quam aequi et boni rationeni habere, cf 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17 (dignitatis habere 
 rationeni alone does not necessarily 
 denote anything improper) : personam 
 accipere (not class.), Vulg. Jac. ii. 9 
 (=(;r. npo(Tu>rro\yitiirTeii/) ; * dignitatis 
 nobilitatisque magis quain justitiae ob- 
 servantem esse. (Personae servire [R. 
 and A.], in Cic. Off. j, 29, 106 = to ad- 
 here faithfully to a character.) |V. 
 The body ; 1. corpus, oris, n. : (Dio- 
 
 nysius) entrusted the keeping if his p. 
 to barbarians, barbaris corporis custo- 
 diam cominittebat, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58 : 
 to prostitute the p. for hire, quaestum 
 corpore facere, PI. Poen. 5, 3, 21 : atten- 
 tiim to the p. (personal habits), cor- 
 poris cura, Suet. Caes. 4;. 2. lorma 
 (exterior, shape; usu. implying comeli- 
 ness or beauty) : a maiden of remark- 
 able beauty of p., viigo forma excellens, 
 Liv. J, 44 : ^. and exterior voiihy of a 
 gentleman, f. ac species liberalis, Cic. 
 Cuel. }, 6 : Plln. In sim. sense, facies ; 
 a voman of singular beauty of p., mu- 
 lier f. eximia, Cic. Verr. 5, ji, 82. 3. 
 spficies, ei (exterior): esp. with other 
 subss. descriptive of the pei-son : e. g. 
 species et motus atque ipse amictus, id. 
 Br. 62, 224 ; forma et species et statura 
 
 [apposita ad dignitatem^, Auct. Her. 4, 
 47, 60. V. Periphrastically, usu. with 
 ref. to people of rank : expr. by pers. 
 pron. : he had ioo unarmed youths in 
 attendance upon his p.. trecentos inennea 
 juvenes circa se habebat, Liv. 29, i, 
 init.: Cic. Verr. 2.1, 48. 126: in similar 
 sense with circum : the men who are 
 aliout his p, qui cinum se sunt, Cic. 
 Att. 9, 9, adjiv.: to denote a Icui'i't 
 icaiting maids, Ter. Kun. i, $, a : SalL 
 VI. Actual self; esp. in phr, i?* 
 person : expr. by ipse : only with the 
 Eoman general in p. (would he confer), 
 non nisi cum ipso coram duce Romano, 
 Liv. 28, 17, med. : Hannibal icas present 
 in p. to eiuourage his troops, ipse Han- 
 nibal bortator aderat, id. 21, 11, med. 
 See also face to face, personally. 
 
 VII. I'heologically persona . three 
 Persons of the same essence, tres Personae 
 ejusdem essentiae, Aug. Conf Art i. 
 
 VIII. In grammar: persona: Gram 
 pass. 
 
 personage : persona : the second p. 
 in Thebes, altera p. Thebis, Nep. Pel. 4, 
 extr. : ct. Cic. Clu. 29, init., hujus (Stale- 
 ni) persona, thisp. : v. character (V). 
 
 personal : 1. privatus (indicating 
 personal or private relations as distinct 
 from public ojies) : p. friendship with 
 Jugurtha, p. amicitia Jugurthae, Sail. 
 Jug. 14, ad Jin.: p. illfeeling, p. ininii- 
 citiae, Tac. A. j, 12, med.: v. private. 
 2. personalis, e (only as legal or 
 gram, term) a p. action, p. actio 
 (= actio in personam) : Ulp. Dig. 50, 
 
 16, 178: a p. varb, verhum p.. Prise: 
 Diom. : etc. Phr.: to sacrifijae p. feel- 
 ing to the ccmimon good, ininiicitias rei- 
 publicae donare (coiidonare), Cic. Fam. 
 5, 4; simultates [pi'i^atas] propter pa- 
 triam ponere, cf Liv. 27, 35 : to 6e in- 
 fluenced by p. feeling, personarum 
 propter gratiam, odium, ininiicitias, etc. 
 rationera habere (cf person. III.): to 
 indulge in p. observations, *vitam, mores 
 singulorum perstringere, insectari ; *de 
 singulis honiinibus potius quam de re 
 universa verba facere (not in personam 
 alicujus . . . ., which denotes the cha- 
 racter or capacity assumed by any one, 
 as distinct frcmi his individuality : cf. 
 Cic. Fam. 6, 6, med., Caesar nunquam 
 nisi honorificentissime Pompeium ap- 
 pellat; at in ejus personam multa fecit 
 asperius, i. e. of Pompey personally he 
 always speaks in terms of respect; 
 though he has acted severely against 
 hini in his public character, personam) : 
 to luive great p. influence with any one, 
 (niulium) apud aliquera auctoritate, 
 gratia, valere, Cic. Fam. 6, 6, extr. : 
 niultum auctoritatis habere, id. Sen. 17, 
 60 : to have a p. interview with any one, 
 cum aliquo coram colloqui, cf Liv. 28, 
 
 17, med. 
 
 personality : I. The having the 
 
 attributes of a person : Phr.: they deny 
 the p. of God, *Deuni onini sensu ac 
 voluntate carere docent ; Deum nihil 
 aliud esse quam sumniam reruni affir- 
 mant. (N.B.— By no means corporea 
 natura [R. and A.], which is mate- 
 riality.) ||. Only in pi., =: personal 
 observations : Phr.: to indulge in abu- 
 sive p.s against any one, maledlcta in 
 alicujus vitamconjicere, Cic. PI. 11, fin.; 
 vitani nioresque alicujus perstringere: 
 cf PERR)SAL (I'hr.). 
 
 personally : I. ^s /«»■ «« any 
 
 one's person is concemeA : expr. by ipse ; 
 per me, te, se ; personally I have no objec- 
 tion to your doing so, *per me ita facias 
 licet ; quod ad me ipsum attinet, nulla 
 est mora : / hare great esteem for the 
 man p., *ipsum hominem valde diligo 
 atque observo. Phr.; to see any one p.. 
 aliquem coram videre, Liv. 28, 18, med. .- 
 to be p. acquainted with any one, nosse 
 aliquem, Ter. And. 5, 4, J2 (de facie 
 nosse aliquem, is to know any one by 
 sight : cf. Cic. in I'is. J2. extr. : also, 
 Ter. Hec. j, 4, 25, alicujus faciem nosse, 
 in same sense). ||, In gram, sense, 
 persoiialiter: Gell. 15, ii,7ned. 
 
 personalty : *bona personalia, res 
 personalis (?).
 
 PERSONATE 
 
 PERTINENT 
 
 PERV ERSITY 
 
 personate : expr. by, personam ge- 
 rere, sustinere; partes agere; v. part 
 (111.)- Also some'.imes, canlare (to mig, 
 represent by sinking) : e. g. he p.d the 
 vuxtricide (Jrestes (on the stage), canta- 
 vit raairicidam Orestem, Suet. Ner. 21. 
 
 personification: prosopopoeia (only 
 
 as rhetor, ligure ; Gr. Trpoo-iuirOTroiio) : 
 tjiiint. 6, I, 25, where it is defined as, 
 ficui alienae personae oratio, i. e. the in- 
 triiducivg of another person as if acta- 
 -lUy speaking (quum velut ip.sorum ore 
 res dicuntur): also, fictio personae, id. 
 9, 2, 29. P h r. . to TWike use of a p., 
 personam fingere, cf. id. 0, 2, j6 ; *res 
 Inanimas ac sensu carentes iun<iuani 
 seiiilentes vel loquentes inducere. 
 
 personifir : I'hr. : the ancients p.' d 
 inanitna". nhjejts, as the :^,tn. Moon, 
 *aiitiqui rebus inHiiinii>, velut Soli, Lu- 
 naeqiie, viiam serj>uiiii|ue iribuebant: 
 the pott here p.s Jume. *iiic poeta faniae 
 personam ticiam induiil, of. yuiiit. 9. 2, 
 }6 : in this pkiy the cUnids are p.'d, in 
 h.ic fabula nubis quasi agenies atque 
 loquentes inducuntur: d. Cic. Or. 40, 
 I j8, muta quaedani loqiienlia Inducere. 
 (llem in p<-rsonam constituere [Kr. ex 
 Aquila Rom.] is questionable Latinily, 
 and suggestive of a legal rather than a 
 poetical sense: v. person, II.) 
 
 pers >ective (su''S.1 .- sccnogriphla 
 (the ai t of an.hitectural drsigiting ac- 
 cording to p-rsptcliie; as distinguished 
 from ortliograpliia, the drai-iny of a 
 viere " elevatum" of a liuitding ; or 
 ichnographia.o/ the ground plan) : Vitr. 
 1,2,2. I'hr. .■ to draw in p., ita res 
 pingere (desiguare) ut alia ab>cedenUa 
 alia emlnentia esse videantur (cf. Vitr. 
 •7, pref. ^ II : also, id. i. 2, 2 ; in both of 
 which places an explanation of the theory 
 of perspective is given, q. v.). As tech 
 term, ii may be necessary to use per- 
 Bpectiva, sc. ars. 
 
 perspicacious : perspicax (shari>- 
 sighted, petielraling) : Join: acutus et 
 perspicax, Cic. (iff. i, 28. 100. 
 
 perspicaciously : acute : v. acute- 
 ly. 
 
 persnicacity : persplcacltas : Cic. 
 Att. I, 18, extr. 
 
 perspicuity : persplcultas : opp. to 
 obscuritas, yuiiit. 8, 1 ("de perspicui- 
 tate ' ) : il). 1,6.41 (where it is described 
 as the chief merit of style, oratii.nis 
 Gumma virtus) : not in Cic. Or expr. 
 by adi. : t'l aim at p. in narratire, *id 
 agere ut narratio lucida [dilucidaj seu 
 p»>rspicua fiat, cf. Quint. 4, 2, Ji. (Not 
 evidentia, wliicii is vividness rather than 
 tintple persiiiciiity : Quint. 6, 2. 52.) 
 
 perSpicilOUS : 1. dilucidus {cl4'ar, 
 dis'inctli/ iiit'Uigible) : p. language, 
 d. oraiio, Cic. Fin. j, i, j : Quint. Also, 
 liicidus ; p. iirrangement, 1. ordo, Hor. 
 A. P. 41 : Quint. 4, 2, ji. 2. P'-r.spT- 
 cuus (,lhe most precise and critical 
 lerin) Quint. 1. c, et pass. 3, illus- 
 tris (a degree beyond tite preceding); p. 
 (or luminous) exposition, 1. expositio, 
 tiuint. 9, 2, 2. (Luculentus=/u;i of 
 light, brilliant, exallent : planus, plain 
 and straightforward.) 
 
 perspicuously: 1. dilucide: Cic: 
 Liv. Also, lucide: Cic: Liv. 2. 
 
 perspicue : Cic. J o i ti : plane et per- 
 spiciie ; uperte et perspicue, Cic: dilu- 
 cide atque (lerspicue, Plin. (Kor .syn. v. 
 preceil. art.) 3. enodatfi (inlreq ): to 
 naiTate carefully and p., diligenter et e. 
 narrare, Cic. Inv. 1,21, extr. 4. enu- 
 deiite (like preced., implying the careful 
 clearing aiay of dijiculty and confu- 
 sion) : id. Or. q. 28. 
 
 perspiration : I. The function .- 
 expr. by sudo, i : all the noxious elerw^t 
 is carried of by p., omiie vitiiim (qui- 
 cuuque iiocet liuuior) sudando [e cor- 
 pore] txpellitur, deducitur, cf. Cels. 2, 
 17, tnit. II. '/he state iir the dis- 
 
 charge : 1. sudor : to bring on a p., 
 6. ellcere, Ct'ls. I. c ; movere, ib. nitJ. ; 
 creare, Plin. }i. lo, 46 ^ 115; excutere, 
 Hep. Kimi. 5 : to cluck p., s. coercere, 
 Plin. 2?, I, 2; ; coliibere, ib. 2;, 9, 81 ; 
 inhibere. id. 28, 19, 79: p. comes on, 
 s. oritur, Cels. I. c. g, siidatio (a 
 
 sweating) ; (to cure) by aperients, vo- 
 miting or p., aut dejectione aut vomitu 
 aut sudationibus, Cels. j, 2, ad fm. See 
 
 also SWEAT. 
 
 perspire: 1. sudo, i : Cic: Hor. : 
 V. TO SWEAT. 2. sudorem eniitto, j: 
 Plin. "J, 18, 18. Phr. : to p. violently, 
 sudore diffluere, Plin. 21, ij, 45. 
 
 persuade : 1. persuaiieo, si. sum, 2 
 (to Imng urer to one's way of thinking ; 
 with dot : foil, by ut [ne] and sul>j., 
 when il signifies to p. any one to do or not 
 to do something ; by ace. and inf., when 
 it signifies to ammrice) : .he p.s him to go 
 over to the enemy, huic persuadet uti ad 
 h«^tes transeat, Caes. B. 0. ?, 18 : ut is 
 sonietiines omitted before su6j. : Albinos 
 p..\ him to claim. . ., hulc Albinus p.. . ., 
 petal. Sail. Jug. i5 (the ace. and inf. in 
 this sense is exceptional . it occurs how- 
 ever, Nep. Dion. }, persuasit ei tyrannidis 
 fiuem lacere) : J could never be p.d that 
 the soul . . . dies, niihi nunquam per- 
 suaderi [)otuit animos .... emori, Cic. 
 Sen. 22, Be : Caes. : / am p.d, milii per- 
 suadeo, mihi persuadeiur : v. to (X)H- 
 viNCR. (N.B. — riiough not capable of 
 taking an ordinary ace. of the object, 
 persuadeo is often used with ace. of 
 iteut. prou. : to p. any one of this, hoc 
 alicul p., Cic. AiU 16, 5: see L. G. } 
 Z??.) 2. addiico, j: more fully, foil. 
 by ad credendum [ut credam], Nep. Con. 
 { . also absol., / cani^ot p. myself t/tat 
 anymie. . ., ego noii adducor quenquam, 
 etc., Cic. Att. II, 16 (inlreq): v. to in- 
 duce. 3, Inipello, } (to urge) : Sail. 
 Cat. 49 (loll, by ut). (Suadeo = to try 
 
 to JXTSUade : v. TO ADVISE, UKGK.) 
 
 persuasion: iktsuosIo: CIc. inv. i, 
 f ; in ahl., also, persuasu : by any one's 
 p., alicujus persuasu [atque inductu], 
 CIc. in Quint. 5, 10, 69. Or expr. by 
 verb : v. to peksuade. (Archaice. 
 siiiida : tlie marrow of p., suadae me- 
 dulla, Eiin. in Cic Br. 15. 59: of Quint. 
 2, 15, 4 : also, suadela : PI.) 
 
 persuasive : expr. by circuml. : p. 
 speech, accommodata (apta) ad persuad- 
 endum oratio, Cic. Ac. i. 8, }2 : (elo- 
 quence consists) in persuusian or p. 
 speech, in persuadendo aut in dicendo 
 aple ad persuadendum. Quint. 2, i;, }. 
 (Quint uses persuasibilis, in translating 
 Irom the G reek, = n-iSavds. 1. c. ij ij; 
 bui the word is best avoided.) 
 
 persuasively: J'hr.: to speak p, 
 
 dicere apposite ad persuadendum, Cic. 
 inv. 1, 5, 6; dicere ad persuadendum 
 accommodate, id. de Or. i, il, i}8; aple 
 ad pers.. Quint. 2, 15, i. (Quint, has 
 persuabiliier, 1. c. ^ 14, but only in trans- 
 lating from the Gk. = jrieavu)?.) 
 
 persuasiveness : persuasio (strictly, 
 
 the act <f persuasion) : Cels. in Quint. 2, 
 15, 22. Or expr. by verb : the ciiief me- 
 rit if a speaker is p., "oratoris sunnna 
 virtus, ut apte dicat ad persuadendum. 
 
 pert : prOcix, acls (forward and 
 wanting in respect for others) : p. of 
 tongue, p. lingua, Tac. A. I, 16 : p. 
 (IhM, presumptuous) Muse, p. Musa, 
 Hor. Od. 2, I, J7. (N.B.— The nearest 
 word to Eng., but usu. conveying a 
 graver censure than it : protervus is 
 still stronger: v. petulant, wanton.) 
 
 pertain : 1. attineo, ui, 2 : usu. 
 
 foil, by ad esp. in such phrr. as, as far 
 at p.s to that state, quod ad earn civita- 
 tem a., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 5, rxtr.: Liv.: v. 
 TO DO (il.). 2. Itertlneo, 2 : that 
 
 mailer p.s to my duty, ilia res ad meum 
 officium p., Cic. K. Am. I j, 36. (As dis- 
 ilnguished from attuieo, per-tineo usu. 
 points to an eyid or object pursued; al- 
 liiieo denoting i^nly co^mexion or rela- 
 tion.) See also To tend. 
 
 pertinacious : pertlnax : v. per- 
 sistent, obstinate. 
 
 pertinaciously ; pertinacUer : v. 
 
 PER-SISTKNTLV, ollSl INATKI.V. 
 
 pertinaciousness : penlnacia : v. 
 
 PERSISTKNCV, OH^TINAl•V. 
 
 pertinency : v. lofl. art. 
 
 pertinent: app'"is'ltus(adrem): Cic. 
 Inv. I, 14, 19. or expr. by attineo to 
 adduce the most p. arguments, *quae 
 inaxime ad rem pertinent argumcuta 
 
 proferre (v. to pertain). Phr.: your 
 remark is mnst p., rem acu teligisti, ct 
 PI. Kud. 5, 2. 19. 
 
 pertinently: apposite: Geiu i, n, 
 
 mid. 
 
 pertly: i;r6caclter (v. PEBT): Liv. 
 Curt. 
 
 pertness : procicitas: Mart. 2,41. 
 17 (p. W\i\i\.i, pietty pertness) : v. pert. 
 
 perturb : turbo, periurbo, i : v. to 
 
 DISTURB. 
 
 perturbation : perturbaiio : p.s of 
 
 the mind, aiiiini p., Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, init .- 
 to cause p. of the mind, animo p. afferre 
 id. Div. I, 50,62. Si-ealso excitement. 
 
 perturbed (part, and adj.): Phr.: 
 p. in mind, turbidus aninii, Tac. H. 4, 
 48 : the mind is p.'d, aestuat animua. 
 Quint. 10, 7, a. Or expr. by verb: t 
 TO disturb. 
 
 peruke: capillamentum : Suet: t. 
 wiu. 
 
 perusal : pellectio (perl.) : Cic. Alt 
 I, U or expr. by verb ; v. toll. art. 
 
 peruse : Ifgo. penggo (read through 
 carefully), evolvo: v. to read. (KvoIvo 
 perh. comes nearest to Eng. : to p. a 
 book carefully, librum diligenter evol- 
 vere,Cic I'usc.i, 11,24: Quint) I'hr.. 
 to p. hastily, percurrere («. g. paginas) : 
 Liv. 9, 18, med. : CIc. (percurrere le- 
 gendo). 
 
 pervade : I. To spread ihmugk- 
 out: 1, pcrmiLoo, 1 (to flow through, 
 penetrate throughout) : a living in'el- 
 ligence p.s all those things, aniiiialit 
 intelligentla per onuua p. [et transit], 
 Cic. Ac. 2, J7, extr. (al. pemieat"). 2. 
 pertineo, ui, 2 (to stretch thromjhout) : 
 the veins p. every pait of the Ixxiy, venae 
 in onmes p;irles corporis p.. Id. .S'. I». 2, 
 55, 1 57 : Deity p.ing the nature of each 
 thing. Deus perliiiens per naturam cu- 
 jusque rei, ib. 2, 28, 71. 3. co"- 
 
 celebro, i (to fill with life : poet.) : 
 Lucr. 1,4. Phr.: mind p. s each limb 
 and animates the n hole mass, lotani in- 
 fusa per anus mens agitat mol>-m, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 726. jj. To lake possessiem of 
 the mind: 1, invado, si, sum, j (to 
 fall upon: usu. with a<.c. ; also dat.): 
 V. to fa 1,1. on (II., 2). 2. perfundo, 
 fiidi, fusuni, } (of an emotion which com- 
 pletely takes up and fdls the mind) : yt 
 gilds, nluxt horror pd me', dii immor- 
 tales, qui me horror perfudil I Cic. All. 
 8, 6 : the sense is p.d with a kind of de- 
 light, scnsus jucunditate quadam per- 
 funditur, id. Fin. 2, }, init. : p.d by iny, 
 gaudio perfusus, Liv. jo, 16, init. (Per- 
 vado, used of opinions, reports, etc., 
 refers lo their diffusion not to their 
 taking possession of a single person's 
 mind: v. to spread.) 3. incedo, ssi, 
 ssum, } (like invado, v.supr.: used with 
 ace. or dat.) : Sail. ; Caes. 4. com- 
 pleo, 2 : v. TO FIL!.. 
 
 pervading (a^j) •■ expr. by part, or 
 rel. clause : v. to pervade (1.). 
 
 perverse : 1. perversus (quiU 
 
 uTony and misguided) : an unreason- 
 able and p. man, (homo) praepoeierti* 
 atque p., Cic. Clu. 26, 71: the p. (mis- 
 guided) ingenuity if grammarians, p. 
 grammaticorum subiilitas. Plin. ?;, j. 4. 
 Join: pravus et perversus, Cic. 2. 
 pravus (lit. crooked, mis-shapen : henct-, 
 absurd, unreascmabU) : p. eounstlt. p. 
 consilia, Cic. Am. 22, ^n. : esp. » Itli per- 
 versus, V. supr. (1): also, Cic Kab. Post 
 I J, 37. See also wiLfTlL, oasTiSATh:. 
 
 perversely : 1. perversa- (quite 
 
 wronyhi, in the very opposite to the right 
 nay) : to use p. the bounty of the gods, 
 rieo'rum beneficio p. uti, CIc. N. I). ?. 18. 
 init. 2. expr. by de induslria p. to 
 misunderstand. Me induslria perverse 
 «. periH-ram interpretarl : v. pirposk, 
 ON ; w ii.En.LV. 
 
 perversion : 1. depravatio : p. of 
 
 a term,d. verbi, Cic. Pari. j6, 127 : Auct. 
 Her. 2. corruptio (rare) : Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 1},29: cf. Prov.,corTupliooptinil fit p««- 
 sima, ihep. of the best thing is the uxTtt 
 of all. Or expr. by verb : ». To pervert. 
 perversity : perversitis : when a 
 man's misconduct and p. angers you, 
 quum te alicujus improbltas p.que com- 
 $51
 
 PERVERT 
 
 P E T T V 
 
 PHIAL 
 
 morit, Cic. Q. Fr. i. i ii:p.ofcha 
 racier, p. morum, huet. Aug. 62. 
 
 Dcrvert: 1. depravo, 1 (to woj- 
 s6»)rTo p. anything by mis-stating if, 
 aliquid n.ale narrando d., fer Ph 4, 4. 
 i6- (tilings) corrupted and p.d by the 
 Zitlty ./ the lau^ers. jureconsuliorum 
 corrupia ac depravata. Cic. Mur 12, n- 
 2 detorqueo, si, turn, 2 (to wre.^t 
 <Ki<i«):' to p. language to an obscene 
 Tense, in obscaenum intellectum .er- 
 inonem d., Quint. 8. J, 44 ^ «» P- ^'l^""" 
 Zd upright miruis, sincera rectaque 
 ingenia d.. Plin. Pan. -Jo: Liv. . v to 
 MisiNTEKi>BKT. In Similar sen^e to - 
 queo, but with the bad sense less marked 
 ?. TO WKKST. 3. deflecto, xi, xum j 
 ^like preced,, but less freq.) : cf. t.ic. 
 Rep 1 44,quum ipsos principes al.qua 
 mavito^^e via deltexit. i. e. uhen th^y 
 ^^vefeccmizpd: tragedy p^d to o^en^ 
 lauohter, in obscaenos deflexa tiagoe- 
 Ksu>0v.Tr.z.4O9. 4. -"umpo 
 , (to mar and spoil) : of. supr. (1). J^ee 
 ilso TO coBKUfT. (N.B.-Perverto = to 
 ocertw-ii cmpletely.) 
 
 Dprvious: pervius: not p. to the sun 
 Ph^olb^non p., Lucan 6. 645 : v. i-assa 
 RTF- pknktbable. , 
 
 DBSSary : pessum, pessarium : Theod, 
 Pr?sa'''" ;»^n. pessulum, Coel. Aur. 
 reels uses the Ok., word Trep-o-ot, ae- 
 ^cribing then, as, quae femin.s subj.c- 
 untur but the Lat. forms are used m 
 
 '"TesT-"'"l. pestis. is./.: .loin: 
 fur?a ac pestis [patriae], Cic Sext. 14. 
 fin ■ Sail. 2. pernicies, ei . a pimp, 
 Cco,H».^ P Of youth, leno p com- 
 munis adolescentulorum, Ter. Ad. 2, i, 
 
 lA- Cic: V. FLACiUE. , -.-^ 
 
 BPSter- soUicitu, molestias (alicui) 
 affero etc": v. to worry, assot. 
 
 rpcV house- *domiciliuminquo ex- 
 cip^iun^ur pe'ts. contagions laborantes 
 
 VstiferOUS : pestlfer (rarely -ferus), 
 a,^um: (S"^ destruction.): p ob- 
 jects, peslifera (opp. salubna), Uc N. U, 
 
 2 4T 122: CelS.: cf. PESTILENTI-AL. 
 
 llcttl<»T,PP- 1 pi:stilentia : the 
 cif/fa'^'^s';^ t..4 a%., p. [gravis] 
 fncidit in urbem, Liv. 2, 2r, pe^ti- 
 lentia laboratum e»t, id. i. 31, inea. . 
 pestileniia populum in^:^*'^. f • 4- " • 
 cf pestilentia conflictan, Caes. B C. 2, 
 22 2 pestis. is./. (07,2/ great evil 
 of a detlructive kind: cf. Cic. N. D. i, 
 V6 loi. ibes....avertunii)estfm ab 
 AeKVPto. referring to poisonous ser- 
 S : (prayers) to remoce thz pfrom 
 TZiiovU pa populo averlere, L,v. 4, 
 2, (^^ere, however, the more definite 
 lUd peslilentia has J"St bee" "sed ; 
 pestis being = scorn ge): Col.;. 5. »"'«• 
 (- murrain). 3. lue*. i*./- ^I^*-> ' 
 W Aen.J,iJ9:0v. Phr : a year 
 nZfked by p. in tonn and country 
 annus peslilens urb. "S^^q"^. L'"- ^. f' 
 init ■ the p. began to pass off, defuncta 
 morbis corpora salubriora esse incipere. 
 
 *' p'eSStial : pefilens ntis : p. re 
 gims, loci p. C0PPv^^'>"bres)^C c Fat. 4. 
 , : a Tmstp. year, [grav.ssimu^ et] pes 
 ?ilentissimus annus, i.l. Fam. 5. 6. L.v 
 Also in fig. : Cic. Fam. 7, 24 : Liy. (Fes- 
 C,\rr = causing destruction or disease: 
 en pestifer odos, a pestiUntral stench. 
 Tiv 2^ 26: mC\c.=destructive,noxious: 
 N b 2, 4T 122.1 See also unhealthy. 
 (^ B — Pestilentiosus very late.) 
 
 ^-g^i^^uraJS'to,'?^- being 
 plla)? e^to K. K. 10: Plin. Dimm. 
 
 llcfae; amores: v. favourite. See also 
 DARLING II 4 f't 0/ peevishness : 
 
 nearest word. stSmachus (chagrin, pee- 
 vishness) : Cic. To be inap., stomachor, 
 i: Hor. Ep. i. i, 104: Cic. (N.R- 
 Neither the subs, nor the verb have the 
 colloquial character of the Eng.) See 
 
 "'netl^^Pbr.: the king had an ape 
 „S he p.'d. rex slmiam *" deliciis 
 babeba-.Cic.Oiv. i, J4. ^(>J^^FJ 
 you too much, nimiuni te habui deli- 
 
 552 
 
 catam, PI. Men. i, 1, 10: top. children. 
 * liberos deUcatius indulgentiusque 
 tractare. , ,._, „ 
 
 DBtal • *floris folium ; 'petalum. 
 
 petali'sm : useGk. form, TreraAio-MO? 
 
 ^petition (sHbs.): I. Gf^f'^'Jy-j'^ 
 
 renaest ; esp. as addressed to God . 
 pr6ds, ;m. e./.:v.FRAYEB. To ^er 
 up p.s. precari : v. to fray. 1I.^ 
 .uenmrial addressed to a sovereign 
 libellus : to deliver a p. to any one, 
 1. alicui dare. Cic. Att. 16, 16 A ; 1. por- 
 rigere (hold it out m the hand), buet 
 Aug 5 ? : more definitely, supplex li- 
 wfus. Mart. 8. ji -Jo h^^^^ the charge 
 o/p.s.libellosagere. Trypb. Dig. 20. 5. 12. 
 nPtition («•) : >• e- to present a vtU- 
 teT^i^^: Lyp.-d the emperor J 0^ 
 the recal of the goceinor, P"""P<^^ 
 libello supplice adierunt, rog^'ntes ut ad 
 urbem praefectus revocaretur; they p. a 
 parliament against his "Pl>o'^tment 
 %ad senalum libellos ^^erunt, depre. 
 cantes ne is magistratui praeficeretur . 
 
 Tetition"/: "is qui Ubello nomen 
 suKibSt, ascnbit: or expr by 
 imverf. part, of rbgo . cf. L. O. ^ bJ8. 
 (ffiogator; because of its technical 
 
 %1t7efTr6c^^>™Srg\nus). 
 
 f^'^'^Ti^'n:lC^^i^tost^,^ 
 
 (K^lS- lapide^^co, J (extr. rare): 
 Plin 24, I J, T J- Usu. better expr. by 
 phr. : the icood ps quickly, lign-.m cele- 
 riter in saxum (lapiden.) abit. con- 
 vertitur. mutatur : v. to tlbn. pass 
 rB ill ) The trans, may be expr. oy, 
 efHcere ut quid lapidescat. in lapidera 
 oCt etc II Fig., to stnke mule 
 Swue»e»'J/e«r.'eic: «su^ni,«.s 
 tobev'd- 1 siupco. ui. 2 (to be struc/. 
 Inslss) : aslga^d p.'d o,, them.^n^^ 
 quum intuerer stupens, Cic. Kep 6, 8 . 
 / am p.-d with admiration, admiror 
 stupeo.Mart. 5. 6j : the sense is more 
 fully conveyed Virg. Aen. i, 49v «<"i^' 
 obtutuque haeret ilcfixus in uno a. 
 obstupesco, slupui, } (jnceptis-e to pre- 
 ced.) : in conne.xion with winch may be 
 medp.part. obstupelactus (fro«n obsiu- 
 pefacio, to para(i/.e, with fcar,etc to te 
 p.'d at the sight of anything, a Ucujus rei 
 aspectu cbsiupescere, cf. Cic l>'.y: 2. "- 
 50 the enemy, perfectly p.'d in.th asto- 
 nishment, obstupefacli hustes. Tac. Agr 
 18, med. : Cic. 3. obtorpesco. torp 11. 
 5 (to be benumbed, as it were) : cl. l.i\ • 
 34 38 fin., circumfuso undique pavoie, 
 ita obtorpuit ut nee dicere . . . nee audire 
 posset: poet, in Cic. Phr.; the sight 
 }or a Jae perfectly p.'d theni. objecta 
 res oculis immobiles eos defixit, Liv 21, 
 J J, init.: they stood p.'d in silence. 
 silentio defixi steterunt, id 8, l.fin. 
 
 TiPtticoat: perh. castula (Quich.) 
 cf^Non'^^a 3°^9- (Tunica muliebns 
 = chemise). P .-government, perh slo- 
 latum fmuliebre] imperium, cf. huet Lai. 
 I J Ulysses stolatus=P«i/sses in petti- 
 coats. (R. and A. suggest the retention 
 of the word; but this would be intoler- 
 able • perh. tunicula may be accepted as 
 
 %SoSr:reguleius.. Cic.de Or, 
 , ?f"« Or perh. rabula (a common 
 I'raidiiig pleader): ib. i, 46, 202 : Quint. 
 
 "pettifogging (ad?-) : Perb. minutus: 
 
 V. PETTY, paltry. 
 
 Tipttiness : esp. of mind, animus an- 
 
 gUStu"Sws: V. NARROW-MIK-DED- 
 
 '"'opttish: stomachosus; v. peevish. 
 plSness: stSmachus. querelae: 
 
 V PEEVISHNESS. 
 
 petty: 1. niinutus: p. (mean. 
 
 igfi^mP^iJoso^l^rs. m.pbiyo.opbi^>c^ 
 '^n 2? 8i p. commanders, m. impe- 
 ^l'ores.'id.^Br^,.256 ^Join:minuti 
 
 of th^ mhid): a p. mind, animus a 
 rparvusl. Cic. Off. i, 20. 68 : cf supr. (1 . 
 3 parvus (small, insignificant, 
 trifling) : v. small. 
 
 petulance: kf-Ti^^y^f^I* 
 ness- pr6tervitas. petulaniia : v. pert- 
 "si. w^^ntosness. II. yettishhumcmr 
 
 atKniarhuS V. peevishness. 
 
 Iptulant • I. yert. forward : pra 
 
 ter^^^ls petmans • v. pert, wakton 
 
 II. 0//ieafewheenipei: stomachosus t 
 
 V. FEEVISH. i \ „ 
 
 new subsellium (gen. term): y 
 BE?!^ SEAT. To furnish a church wM 
 benches rattier than p.s. • subselUis 
 apertis magis quam septis ac clausis 
 iustruere. 
 
 DPWit : V. LAPWING. 
 
 pewter: *metaUum ex stanno plum- 
 
 "^XaSurite- 1. Pbaiangltes, ae 
 (3»S):-Liv.. 37, 40 (only in 
 pi.) 2. pbalanganus: Lampr. Alex. 
 
 '^phalanstery : •phalansterium (quod 
 dicunt). . f rrb 
 
 phalanx.: pbalanx. "g'N /■. (^f- 
 <f,iW) : Liv. 32, n.med.: Nep.. Curt. 
 (Pure Lat.: cuneus: Liv. I.e.) 
 
 phantasm : v. phantom. 
 
 i^Via-ntastic* v. FANTASTIC. 
 Shiftily fv. FANCY. IMAGINATION, 
 
 DhlStom: 1 simiilacrum:certam 
 p.Fsfr^^y po^e, quaedam s mod.s 
 palleniia miris.Lucr. i. i/4(«Enmo • 
 the unsubstantial p.s of/^^^p. immsi 
 somni s., Ov. H. 9, 39 ■ to frame (fawy) 
 ps(f unsubstantial terror. simuUc.a et 
 inanes metus fingere. Plin. Ep 7. 27, 7- 
 2 phantasma, atis, n. (Uk. <^av 
 Ta<r^a; very rare): if-^Christ was a 
 (^re)V (ace. to the Docetae) s, ph. 
 fuit Christus, Tert. adv. Marc 5, 7- 
 Vulg. Marc. vi. 49 (where as in Plin. Ep^ 
 n, 27, init. it denotes a ghost). 6. oy 
 circuml. vana spficies : cf. Hor. A. P. 7 , 
 inanis [ex metu. etc., Acta] imago cf. 
 Plin. I. c. I. (Spectrum =Ok. "S'-^o"'. 
 in Epicur. philos., see Cic. Fam. 1,, 16.) 
 
 Pharisaical: ^'barlsaicus : Hier. 
 (Or gen. of subs. : v. Pharisee.) 
 
 ^Pharisaism : Y^^^.f^'^J^J^ 
 trina atque instituta. (In bg-. sense. 
 *ostentatio s. ambitio rehgionis con- 
 servaudae: v. ostkntation.) 
 
 nhariaee • Pharlsaeus : Vulg. past. 
 (Inhl slnse. *sanctltatis religion.sque 
 
 "Samiceutic: * pharmaceutlcuB 
 %himacy: ^-^^^ l\'l '^"''"^' 
 
 mentaria: I'l*"- I- 56. 5T ^ I96- 
 
 pharos : Pbaros or-us. i.y. : V. ught 
 
 """phase: •fScies (lunae, steUae)._ la 
 fig^S. perh. species: or in pi., vices. 
 um.f- (alternations). ,,rj, „. 
 
 Tvis): Plin. w. 33, 39- (Pbasianus Col- 
 chicis. Linn.) Of ps. pheasants -. pha- 
 sianinus: Pall, i, 29 (ph- o^)' »|^ 
 keeper, phasianarius, Paul. Dig. 32. «>• 
 rilS has Phasldes aves = phasiaui : 
 
 Dheuomenon: often res: toe«?»fre 
 r..?,Ss^K».e r/) ap.,de re (ipsa) 
 quLerel'sen. N.Q. ., 1,2: the a,use of 
 this p., hujus rei causa, ib. i, 3. 3-. Or 110 
 fubs^iiay be needed : let us e«gui.e into 
 this V quaeramus quomodo hat (sc. 
 frcus'^coeUstis), ib. v^ 3 of. 5. qu;^^ 
 ita existimant arcum fieri. An '^tiaor- 
 »!/;>.. miraculum : he ascemJM a 
 place from which the best «^«"' «/'«/• 
 coM be obtained, locum ascendit ex 
 quo maxime miraculum illud consp.ci 
 posset, Plin. 6. 16. ; : also, res insolite. 
 Cva, mlrabilis (v. strange, extraor- 
 mSARY): cJ.also J.1V.6. 165, rara avis 
 fnterris (a perfect p.!) :^ou.etv^es 
 sneclaculum may serve: cf. Sen. e*-^. 
 f I 5. nulla sine hiyusmodi spectaculia 
 nox est. no night on which such pW- 
 ,nena are not to be seen. (In philos^ 
 sense, phaenomena [Gk. .7 ^-.X^en 
 may be needed for precision, w uh jen. 
 "j pbaenomenon; or the word may be 
 
 "'pWar-'^'r^rh.^ lagtmcdla (a siruM 
 l/a?S Col. .2, 38. Jin. (Phiaeor-a 
 a broad .^lialloiv drinkmg-vessel.)
 
 PH I L A N T H K () P I C 
 
 PHOSPHORUS 
 
 PHYSIOGNOMY 
 
 philantliropic : sometimes, liunia- 
 nus cl. I'liii. 18, 6, 8 5 44, praeceptuni 
 buniaiiisginiiin) iitilissimumque (at oitce 
 most expedient and p.) : but the word 
 denotes rather pooii, kindly feeling, than 
 wbat we call philanthropy. More pre- 
 cisely, as epitb. of o person, geiieri bo- 
 aiinum amicus, Kr. (e CIc.) ; qui generi 
 humlnum [potlus quam sibi siiisque 
 utiUlalibusJ corisulii ; ph. schemes, "coii- 
 silia quae ali huniani generis commoda 
 utililatesquc pertinent. 
 
 philanthropically : hamane {kind- 
 ly) : Cic. Usu. U'tter expr. by circural., 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 philantliropist : ^'- phii.anthroiic 
 
 philanthropy : caritas generis bu- 
 mani : Cic. Kin. 5. 2;, 6; : humanltas. 
 
 Philippic : PbUippUa (sc. oratio) : 
 Cic. Att. 2, I, 2 : the word is used as a 
 true subs. Juv. 10, 12? (divina Pbi- 
 lippica !) (N.B. — When simply = in- 
 vective, attack, expr. by invehor, in- 
 sector, crimiuor, etc. : v. to invkioh 
 
 AGAINST.) 
 
 philippize : "se Gk. word, </,tAiir- 
 
 iri^eiv, Deinosib. p. iS"), init. 
 
 Philistine : Pbilisthueus .- Vulg. 
 I Reg. .wii. 8, sqq. : pi. I'hilislini, 
 orum ; ib. v. 4. In fig. sense, Phi- 
 listinus (quern dicunt Teutonici). 
 
 philologer \ 1. pbii6l6gus(am<Mi 
 
 philologist V of extensive, eruditim, 
 muUiplici variaque docirina .Suet. t-Jr. 
 10); Sen. Kp. 108. 29 (where it denotes 
 knowledge of Die subject matter of a 
 historical ivork). (N.B. — Though nut 
 used in exactly the modern sense by 
 classical writers, it is perfectly legiti- 
 mate so to nse the word, for ibc sake of 
 brevity. Also perh. philologicus, ace. 
 to analogy of historicus, gcometricus.) 
 2. grammaticus: cf. Cic. Div. i, 51, 
 116, grammatici p<jetarum explanatores 
 sunt; also, Suet. Gr. 4, init.: v. gram- 
 MAKIAN. 3. expr. by clrcuml., *anti- 
 quanim litterarum, doctae s. cruilitae 
 antiquitatis studiosus, peritus, Kr. ; *in 
 re pbilologica mullum vers;itus 
 
 philological : *phil6logicus : ' Mor- 
 bof, I, 21, 14, etc. 
 
 philologically, *ex ratione philo- 
 logici. 
 
 philology : * pbllolSgia : only as 
 scient. <. «. (Kr.) : cf. Sen. Kp. 108, 24. 
 better perh. (res) philologica: Morhof, 
 I, 21, 14, etc. See also GKAMMAR. Phr.: 
 the study of p., *antiquar\im litterarum 
 studia; antiquitatis eruditae perilia. 
 
 philoprogenitiveness : *liberoi-um 
 procreandoruni cupidilas. 
 
 philosopher : 1. pbnosophus : 
 
 Cic. de Or. i, 49, init. : Varr. 2. sa- 
 piens, ntis (^one actually ivise ; whereas 
 philosophus is strictly, one vho pursues 
 knoiiWlge, cf. Cic. Tusc. ;, j) : v. wisu. 
 Phr.: to assume the title (f p., philo- 
 sophiani proliteri, Cic. in IMs. 29, ^l. 
 philosophic \ 1. phllosfiphicus 
 philosophical S (pertaining to phi- 
 losophy): grave or p. discussions, serii 
 vel p. tractatus, Macr. Sat. 7, 1, init.: 
 M. L. (In Cic. Tusc. 5, extr., the true 
 reading is probably philosopbas [not 
 philosophicas] scriptiones: but, though 
 lat<', the a4j., as Hbuve, Is necessary for 
 the lang. 01 philosophy.) 2. phlI6- 
 s6phus (savouring of philosophy : v. rare 
 as adj.) .- not a vord that ivas not p. 
 (^savouring of philosophy), nullum ver- 
 bnm nisi p., Macr. Sat. 7, i, med. : 
 Pacuv. in (iell. ij. 8 (odi homines ig- 
 nava opera, philosopha sententia, i. e. 
 men ulutse talk is that of philosophers) : 
 Cic. (.') : V. supr. (N.B.— Not to be 
 used ^pertaining to philosophy ; which 
 is either jihilosopbicus, as above, or to be 
 e.xpr. bycircunil.? v.infr.) 3. expr. by 
 phil5s6phia, phil6s5phi : p. vorks, libri 
 qui sunt de pliilosophia, Cic. Off. i, 1, } ; 
 libri ad pbllosophiani periinentes; [ex 
 professo] pbilosopbiarn continentes. Sen. 
 Ep. 100, 8; "libri de studiis philuso- 
 phiae scripti : not a p'/iular but a p. 
 expression, non vulgi scd phllosophorum 
 verbum, Cic. Ac. i, -j, 2; : a truly p. 
 temperament, •ingenii temperamentum 
 rhilosopho diKiuim [ingonium vcre phi- 
 
 losophum, cf. supr. 2] ; quale phllosopbi 
 
 debet esse. 
 
 philosophically : 1. pbii6><ipbice 
 
 (late;: l.act. j. i4,_/i/i. (pbilosophice, ad 
 philowjphiam vivere). 2. usu. better, 
 unless in purely technical lang., expr. 
 by circunil. : ad pbilosophorum morem, 
 Cic. Or. 14, 46 (or, pbilosophorum more); 
 ad philosophiam, Lacl. v. suj/r. ; *ex 
 praece|)ils philosophiae ; "ut philusophUB 
 debet, ut pbllosopbum decet (the latter 
 phrr. having reference topractice rather 
 than iheory). 
 
 philosophize : piiiiosSphor, 1 (to 
 
 apply imtadf to philosophy . pursue phi- 
 loiopliic ii'itstioiis) : Cic. '^u^c. I, j6, extr. 
 See also to ari,lk, RKAson, morauzk. 
 philosophy : I. Heasoned truth : 
 1. philosophia ((jk. </)iAoo-o<^ia) : 
 defined by Cic. as, studium saplentlae, 
 df Oft'. 2, 2, 5 : also used to denote 
 differtnt departments or schools of phi- 
 losophy : moral p., p. moralii, Si-n. Kp. 
 89, 8 (suggested by Cic. Kal. init., as a 
 substitute for the circuml., ea pars phi- 
 losophiae quae de moribus est) : natural 
 p., p. naturalis. Sen. I. c. : theoretical or 
 practical p., p. contemplativa (== Gk. 
 deioprjTiicj)), activa (Gk. TrpaicTiicj}), Sen. 
 Ep. 95, 10: two (diffaent) p.s, duae p., 
 Cic OfT. }, 2"], io-]. 2. sapieniia 
 (strictly, that ivisdom or Icnowl&lge of 
 which pbllosopbia is tlie desire and aim : 
 cf. Cic. Leg. I, 22, 58 : hence = p. on its 
 practical side, as wisdom attaintd) : p. 
 offers herself as the surest guide to plea- 
 sure, p. certissimam se ducem praebet 
 ad voluptatem, Cic. Fin. 1, IJ, 45 : 
 ancient p. taught only what xias to be 
 done and what avoided, antiqua s. nihil 
 aliud nisi facienda et vitanda praecepit. 
 Sen. Ep. 95, i j. 3. ratio (theory): 
 impious principles of p., impia rationis 
 elenienta, Lucr. 1 , 82 : the epicurean p. 
 (system) which is xvell kiioun to nwst, 
 Epicuri r. quae plerisque notissima est, 
 Cic. Fin. I, 5, inii. : so, Stoicorum ratio 
 disciplinaque, id. Off. j, 4, 20. ||, 
 'J he principle of anything : riitio : v. 
 
 theory, TRIXCIPLE. 
 
 philtre : amiitorium (medicamen- 
 tnm, poculum) ; pbiltrum (rare, and best 
 only in pi.): v. i,ovK-roTiON. 
 
 phlebotomize : venam seco, etc. : 
 V. foil. art. (PhieiiotOmo, I ; with ace. of 
 person: Coel. Aur.) 
 
 phlebotomy : sanguinis detractio : 
 Gels. 2, 9 ; or espr. by veiiam incidere, 
 sanguineni mittere, detrahere, etc.: ib. 
 2, 10, etjjass. (Phl6b6t5mice, es: Coel. 
 Aur.) 
 
 phlegm: I. Mucus: 1, pitilita 
 (or as three syll.) : when there is a dis- 
 charge of p., qiuim p abimdat, Cic. Tusc. 
 4, 10, init. : cf. Hor. Ep. i, i, extr., quuni 
 p. uiolesta est : Plin. 2. phlegma, 
 litis, n. (onlj- as med. t. t.) : to dispel p., 
 p. dissolvere, Pall. 8, 6 : Veg. Vet. ||. 
 (.'oldness of temperament : lentitiido : 
 V. INDIFFERENCK. (Tarditas ingenii, Cic. 
 Or. 68, 229 [Kr.], is dffect of natural 
 taleid, dulness.) Or perh. patientia : cf. 
 Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 5 ("patientia de animo 
 humili qui perlert etiani indigna"). 
 
 phlegmatic: I. Lit.: phlegma- 
 tieus : p. humour, p. humor, Tbeod. Prise. 
 (Or expr. by circuml. with pltuita: v. 
 PHLEiiM, 1.) II, Cold. apathetic: lentus: 
 
 V. INDIFFERENT. 
 
 phlegmatically : ^entv, indiff grenter 
 
 (v. rare) : v. cuoi.i.v. 
 
 phlogistic: *pbl6gisticus: chem.t.t. 
 
 phoenix : phoein.x, Icis, m. ; Tac. A. 
 6, 28 (.avis p.) : Plin. : Ov. 
 
 phonetic : 'pbOuetlcus : necessary as 
 t. t. V li r. : to adopt the p. principle in 
 orUiography, *voces accmatius quemad- 
 nioduin exprimuntur scrlbere ; *phone- 
 tica (quam dicunt) scribendi ratione utl. 
 
 phonetically : cf- prec^l. art. 
 
 phosphorescence: eJ'pr by luceo, 
 
 xi, 2 : irhat is the cause <f the p. of the 
 sea!' 'cur bicent undae tcnebris ob- 
 ductis? *qua luce albescunt fluctus solis 
 luce remota .' 
 
 phosphorescent: cf. preced. art. 
 
 phosphorus: Phosphorus: v.morn- 
 
 photograph (.fubt.) -. •pictura photo- 
 grapba (quae dlcitur). 
 
 photograph («.)•• perh. •imaginem 
 alicujus rei pbotugrapbam excipere ; 
 *arte pbotograpbica imagioem alicujus 
 rei repraesentare. 
 
 photographer : •phetogrSpbus. 
 
 photography: *ars pbOiogr&pbIca 
 (quae dicitur). 
 
 phrase (subs.) .- lOcOtio : a large 
 number of such p.t, mulla talium I. ropla, 
 Gell. I, •;, fin.: yuint. (.Not phrasis : 
 cf. Quint. 10, I, 87, phrasls, id est corpus 
 eloquentlae.) To use such a p., • ita 
 loqui ; ea loquendi tomiulu uti. 
 
 phrase ("■) - lOquor ; (verbis) ex- 
 
 prlmo v. TO SFKAK, EXPRt-vS. 
 
 phraseology : i- e- dwtion .- v6ci- 
 bQla, verba, l6cutiones (words, terms, 
 phrases): it is necessary first to fami- 
 liarize onetdf with the p. of this author, 
 •hujus scriptoris lo<|uendi genus primum 
 ac vocabula propria bene tibi inculcaiida 
 aunt: v. stvlk. 
 
 phrenological : *pbri;nOlOgicus (qui 
 
 dicitur). 
 
 phrenology : * phrenologica (ars) 
 quae dicitur, fertur. 
 
 phthisic : phthisis, is, /. : Gels, j, 
 22 : Sen. 
 
 phthisical : phthlslcus (ofpertom) .- 
 Plin. 20, 6, 21 : Mart. 
 
 phylactery : pbylaclerium (Gk. i^u- 
 AoKTTJpior) : Vulg. Malt, xxlii. 5 : Hier. 
 
 physic : mediclna ; mgdicamenlum : 
 
 v. MEDICINE. 
 
 physical : I. Relating to nature 
 or physics : ph^slcus : ignorant of p. 
 science, p. rationis Ignanis, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 21, 54; oft. as subs., physicus = a p. 
 philosopher, lb. i, }0, init. See also 
 NATURAL. II, Relating to the body: 
 expr. by corpus : p. strength, vires cor- 
 poris, Cic. Sen. 10, } j : also simply, vires : 
 that is a task requiring good lungs and 
 p. strength, est (id) muDus laterura et 
 virium, ib. 9, 28 ; failure of p. strength, 
 defectio virium, ib. 9. 29 : that is a 
 purely p. defect, not one of disposition, 
 •corporis id vitium non ingenii volun- 
 tatisquf. 
 
 physically : \. By a physical 
 method, aca/rding to physics : physice : 
 Cic. N. 1). J, 7, 18. (Or by circuml., 
 *ex physica ratione ; pbysicorum modo : 
 V. physical.) II, Jn a uvy connected 
 with the body : expr. by corpus : />. dis- 
 qualified for service, *qui propter vitium 
 corporis (propter valetudinem) mililiae 
 inbabilis est. 
 
 physician : 1. medlcus {any me- 
 dical practitioner) : a very eminent p., 
 m. nobilissimus atque optimus, Cic. Clu. 
 21, init.: to employ a p., m. adhibere. 
 id. Fat. 12, 28: cf. m. adinovere, Suet. 
 Ner. 57 (the latter pbr. cannot Ix- used 
 of calling in a physician /or ojitwlf): 
 to pay a p his fee, honorem medico 
 habere, Cic. Fam. 16, 9, ad fin. : see also 
 DOCTOK (fin.'^. 2. expr. by ivtprrf 
 part, of niedeor, 2 (cf. L. G. ^ 6;8) : tc 
 abide by the advice of Vie pj, esse in 
 potestate medentlum. Curt. }, 5, fin. : 
 the liquid is in use amotig p.s, humor Id 
 usu me<ientlum est, Tac. H. 5. 6: Plin. : 
 Ov. Phr.: to practise as a p., medi- 
 cinam exercere, Cic. Clu. 6?, er(r. ; m. 
 factiUire, PoUio in yuint. 7, 2. 26; m. 
 facere, Phaedr. i. 14, init. : a very skil- 
 ful p., vir meiiicinai- [medicae] artis 
 perilissimus, Aug. Conf. 4, }. (For cir- 
 culator, V. yl'ACK.) 
 
 physics : pbyslca. orum, n. pi. : 
 ignorant of p., pbysicorum ignarus, Cic. 
 Or. 54, 119. Also, phvi-lca sc. ars (the 
 science or theory, as distinguished from 
 its subject matter) : Id. Kin. ?, 22. init. : 
 or, phvsiOlogia: cf. Cic N. H. I, 8, 20. 
 
 physiognomical : * phjTsiognomen- 
 
 Icus : Morhof I'u yh , work by : cf. title 
 
 of Arist. ^r\ ipvcrioyiuinoiiKa. 
 
 physiognomist : phjsiognSmon, 
 
 6nis i^Gk. <f>vai.oytui)jM}¥' Cic. Fat. ?, lo). 
 physiognomy: I. The art of dis- 
 cerning cliani'trr in features: *phf- 
 slognomOnia (Gk. ipva-ioyi-ujiioiia' Arist 
 Phys. 2, init.): v. Morhof, de bac re: 
 desirable to avoid such clrcuniL as, -ra 
 5SJ
 
 rHYSIOLOGICAL 
 
 P I CTU R E 
 
 PIECE 
 
 bominum mures naturasque ex corpore, 
 oculis, vultu, Ironte pernoscendi, Kr. (e 
 Cic. Fat. 5, lo): cf. Gell. i, 9, init. To 
 profess p., ■ physiogiiomSnem (better 
 perb. ae jk. (firjioy^wfiora) se profiteri : 
 cf. Cic. Fat. 1. c. II. Cast of features : 
 •vultus : cf. Cic. Fat. 1. c. : more pre- 
 cisely, oris et vultus ingenium, Gell. i, 
 9, init. 
 
 physiological : physicus v. pht- 
 &CA.U. Or perb. pbysi616gicus (Tert.), 
 as i. '^ 
 
 physiologist : physicus : V. PHT- 
 -acAL. Or perh. physiSlogiis, as t. t. 
 
 physiology : piiyisioidKia v. physics. 
 
 Animal p., "ea pars pliysiologiae quae 
 de animantium natura est : fur brevity, 
 •physiologia animalis (quae dicitur). 
 
 piacular : placularis, 6; Liv. 1,26, 
 fin. (p. sacrificia). 
 
 piano-forte : •clavichordium (Germ. 
 daviei}: Kr. 
 
 piaster (subs.) .- •piastra, quam voc- 
 ant liali. 
 
 piazza : v. portico. 
 
 pick ("•) ■■ I. To pull off or pluck 
 with the fingers : lego, carpo, j : v. to 
 pluck, GATHER. ||. To Separate ivith 
 the fingers, removing alien substances : 
 Fhr. : to p. seed, *semina nianibus le- 
 gendo secemere et putamina toUere. 
 (N.B. — To pick occurs most Ireq. with 
 an inseparable prep. : v. to pick up, 
 OUT, OFF.) III. Miscell. Phr. :to 
 p. wool, lanam carfire, purgare, cf. Varr. 
 L. L. 7, }, 54 : to p. the teeth, denies 
 (pinna, spina, lentisco) levare. Mart. 14, 
 22 : perfodere, Petr. {2. appears to be a 
 facetious expr. : cf. Mart. 6, 74, fodit 
 01 a laxa leiitiscis : tn p. one's nose, nares 
 Jigito inquietare ac vellrre, cf. (juint. 
 II, ?, 80: to p. pockets, mantiiularl (ex- 
 plaiiii'd by Kest., " furandi causa raantl- 
 ciilas attreclare," i.e. ti> make free with 
 people's icaliets, pouches, etc. : v. rare) : 
 ur by circunil., de corporibus (vesli- 
 mentis) hominum furare : to hare one's 
 pocket p.'d, zunajn perdere, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 2, 40 : to p. a quarrd, jurgii causam iii- 
 ferre, Phaedr. I, 1,4: ct. Liv. 21, 6, init., 
 certamina serere : {to try) to p. hohs in 
 any one's coat, vitia coUigere in aliquem, 
 (lie. Tusc. 4, 17, 80; or perh. "causas 
 (Tiniinandi (aliquem) quaerere ; id agere 
 ut alterius existlmationem miinias, 
 laudes s. virtutem detrectes. 
 
 off : Phr.: to p. off caterpillars 
 
 from plants, *erucis herbas (arbusta, 
 etc.) levare ■ to p. the defenders off one 
 by one, 'defensores singulos telis (glan- 
 dibus dejicere.) 
 
 out : \, I'o remove by picking : 
 
 eligo, legi, ctum, j: to p. lice out from 
 the heads Of poultry), pedes e capite e., 
 Varr. R. R. j, 9, post rned. See also to 
 PLDCK OUT. II. To choose out: eligo, 
 J : top. out (the best) grapes for eating, 
 uvam ad edenduni e.. ili. i, 54 : top. out 
 {clioose) any one you clioose out of three, 
 de tribus e. quern velis. Cic. Ph. 10, 2, 5 ■ 
 cf. Tac. Agr. 9, baud semper errat fania, 
 aliquando et eligit, i. e. it picks out the 
 very man. In same sense, lego : to p. 
 out all the finest (seeds) n-ith the hand, 
 maxima quaeque maim legere, Viig. G. 
 I, 199: Cic: V. to choose, select; also, 
 picked. 
 
 — UP : 1. toUo, sustuli, subla- 
 tum, }: to p. up stoTies from the ground 
 (to throw), saxa de terra t., Cic. Caec. 
 21, 60 : to p. up featliers that have 
 dropped, pennas quae deciderunt t., 
 Phaedr. i, j, 5. 2. colligu, legl, lec- 
 tnm, i (to gather up o numtier of 
 thijigs) : he (the miser) p.'d up all the 
 parings, collegit omnia praesegmina, PI. 
 Aul. 2, 4, J4 v. to gather up. 3. 
 Eubl6go, } (to p. up from beneath some- 
 thing) : to p. up vindfalls (fruit), 
 baccam quae tenipestatibus in terrain 
 decidit s.. Col. 12, 50, init. -. Hor. S. 2, 
 8, 12. Jn sim. sense vijth precedd., the 
 simple verb: e.g. legere spolia caeso- 
 rum, Liv. 5, JQ. Colloq. Phr. ; to p. 
 up o living in some uay or other, *qua- 
 Guoque t.pera unde vita sustentetur 
 (inopia toleretur) coUigere, corradere 
 (v. LIVELIHOOD) : to p. up passengers, 
 554 
 
 • vectores de via excipere : to p. up 
 strength err flesh, coiivalescere ; corpus 
 facere (opp. to corpus amittere), Cels. 7, 
 hfn. 
 
 pick (subs.): I, A tool: v. pick- 
 
 axe. II, Choice : expr. by eligo : v. 
 TO pick out. Ill, Those that are the 
 best : Phr. : the p. of all the legioiis, 
 delecti ex omnibus legionibus fortissimi 
 viri, Caes. B. C. i, 57 : ti03xrs, the very 
 p. of both countries, pugilos eleciissiml 
 ex utraque regione. Suet. Cal. 18 : see 
 also FLOWER (11.). 
 
 pick-axe : dolabra : to undermine a 
 wall with p.s, niurum dolabris subruere, 
 Liv. 21, II, med. 
 
 picked (part, and adj.): 1, de- 
 lectus (esp. 01 troops; chostnfor special 
 service) • a p. force of archers, d. manus 
 sagittaiiorum. Sail. Jug. 46: Caes.: v. 
 PICK, subs. (111.). 2. electus (choice, 
 possessing special excellence) : the very 
 p. men of a state, electissimi viri civi- 
 tatls, Cic. Quint 2, init. : Suet. (Not 
 selectus: v. select.) See also flower 
 (IL), CHOICE, adj. 
 
 picket : v picquet. 
 
 pickle (subs.): miiria (briwe); Col. 
 12,47: Pliii. Phr.: to 6e in p., in sale 
 esse, Cato K. R. 162. 
 
 pickle (f) •■ Phr.: to p. in vinegar 
 and bi ine, in areto ac muria coiidire, 
 Plin. 14, 19, 2?: top. elecampane and 
 soak it in trrine, inulam condire muria- 
 que macerare. Col. 12, 46. exlr. Phr.: 
 elecampane can bep.d (preserved) in the 
 following way, condituia inulae sic fit. 
 Col. 12, 46 to p. hams (salt them), per- 
 nas salire, Cato R. R. 162 : Col. : v. to 
 PRKSEKVE. (N B. — Oliva conditanea, 
 Varr. R. R. i, 24, = 0. conditiva, Cato, 
 R. R. 6, is a kind of preserving-olive : 
 murialicus, for muria conditus, rests on 
 a single passage of PI., Puen. i, 2, }i 
 and 38.) 
 
 pickled : muria s. aceto conditus : v. 
 to pickle. Also salitus (salted) : Col. 
 6, }2. Also perh. condltivus, conditi- 
 
 CiUS: v. PRESERVED. 
 
 pickpocket : perb. manticularius 
 (extr. rare): Tert.: v. to pick (Phr.). 
 Mostly better to use gen. term, fur : v. 
 thief. To be a p., 'zonas compilare ; 
 zonas compilando victum quaeritare. 
 
 picnic (subs, and v.) : Phr.: to pic- 
 nic (have a p.) by the rivgr side, *Juxta 
 fltivium (sub divo) convivium celebrare, 
 habere : in the original sense of the 
 term, de symbnlis edere (esse), to par- 
 take of a feast to » hich all ccmtribule, 
 Ter. Eun. j, 4, 2. 
 
 picquet: \.e. a guard postedin front 
 of the enemy : statio, onis, /. (strictly, 
 Oie post or station ; by meton. the troops 
 occupying it) : to post p.s at short inter- 
 vals, crebras s. dispoiiere, Caes. B. C. i, 
 7J: to avoid the (enemy's) posts and p.s, 
 custodias s.que vitare, ib. 59 : our p.s 
 were driven in, •stationes noslrae loco 
 dejectae sunt. 
 
 pictorial : expr. by tabula, pictura : 
 a p. work, "liber pictnris distinclus, 
 ornatus : to possess p. power (in writing), 
 *scribendo res quasi ob oculos ponere 
 atque expingere ; tanquam pictoris 
 quandam quadam arteni in scribendo 
 adhibere: cf. Cic. Tusc. ?, jy, 114. 
 (N.B. — Not pictorius in this sense : v. 
 Forcell. s. v.) 
 
 pictorially : *per tabulas ; tabulis 
 pictis adhibitis; picture usus. 
 
 picture (subs.) .- |, in colours : 
 1, tabula picta : Ter. Eun. }, 4, j6 : 
 to hang good p.s in a good light, t. bene 
 pictas ill bono lumine coUocare, Cic. Br. 
 75, 261. Also without picta; when the 
 context defines: so in the prov., manum 
 de tabula ! take your hand from the p. ! 
 have done '. Cic. Fam. 7, 25. Dimm., 
 tab^lla (a small p. or one of a less ele- 
 vated sulject, e.g. "genre" picture): 
 Cic. Fam. 7, 2? : Plin. 2. pictiira 
 (strictly t?ie art of painting ; hence, 
 meton. a picture) : Cic. Verr. 4, init. 
 (p. in tabula, in textili). ||. Fig., of 
 a verbal delineation : vhx .: he draws a 
 vivid p. of the battle, •speiiem formam- 
 que pugnae ita expingit, ut propemodum 
 
 oculis ceruere vldeamur, cf. Cic. I'usc. 5; 
 ?9, 114 ; *pugnae quaai imagineiu qnan 
 dam pictam ob oculos ponit: what a 
 charming p. is this I * quam venusti 
 haec est imago ! 
 
 picture ("■) •• in words, expingo, iixl, 
 ctum, J ; Cic. (v. preoed. art. //n.) ; also, 
 depingo, j : Cic. Rep. 2, 29 : v. to paimt, 
 depict. Also, son.etimes, fingo, i : v. 
 
 TO imagine. 
 
 picture-frame rorma: v. framb 
 
 (II.). 
 
 gallery: pinacoiheca: a p. rich 
 
 in various kinds of paintings, p. vario 
 genere tabularum mirabilis, Petr. 8j, 
 init.: Plin. 
 
 picturesque: Phr.: a p. sight, 
 "species venur^ta et quails in tabellis solet 
 fieri ; *t;ilis species qualem in tabellis 
 pictam videre solemus. (But usu. venus 
 tus or amoenus will serve: v. lovely.) 
 
 picturesqueness : perh. venustas: 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 piddle : meio, mingo, j : v. water, 
 
 TO MAKE. 
 
 piddling : ^- petty. 
 
 pie: I, The bird: pica: v. mag- 
 pie. II. Pastry: perh. crustum : v 
 PASTRY. A plum p., "pruna in crusto 
 cocta. Ill, Printers' term: Phr.: to 
 knock the type into p., *typo8 disjicere, 
 coniurbare. 
 
 piebald : perh. blcOlor, oris : cf. 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 566, albis equus bicoloT 
 maculis. 
 
 piece («"6«). I. A bit of anything : 
 1. very oft. not expr. by any sepa- 
 rate word, the subs, denoting that of 
 which a piece is taken, being used : a 
 dog cariying a p. of meat, canis carnem 
 ferens, Phaedr. I, 4: so id. i, ij, j, de 
 fenestra raptus caucus ( = ap. of cheese): 
 cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 97,quum cibarias el 
 panis (a p. of brown irread) datus esset : 
 so, a p. of paper, charts, chartula (v. 
 paper) : a p. of ground, ager, Ter. 
 Heaut. I, 1,94: a small p. of ground, 
 agellus : more precisely, pauluni agelli, 
 id. Ad. 5, 8, 26. (N.B.— The subs, alone 
 may generally be used of that which it 
 wont to be met with in pieces.) 2. 
 frustum (a roughly shaped bit, strictly, 
 formed by breaking off) : Cic. Div. i, 15, 
 27 (of bits falling from, the mouths of 
 foul feeding) : mouldy p.s of bread, 
 mucida panis f., Juv. 14, 128: to cut 
 up (a carcass) in p.s, in frusta secare, 
 Virg. Aen. i, 2J2 (nut a phr. suitible 
 for prose). 3. segmentum: v. slice. 
 Phr.: (i.) to cut in p.s : minute (min- 
 utim, minutatim) concidere, consecare: 
 v. TO cut TO pieces, (ii.) to bieak into 
 p.s: (1). comminuo, i, litum, j (to break 
 to shivers) : to t>reak a statue in p.s and 
 scatter them abroad, staiuam c, dissi- 
 pare, Cic. in Pis. }8, 9? : to break in ps 
 (smash) crystal vessels, vasa crystallina 
 c, Petr. 64: Plin. (2). confringo, fregi, 
 fractum, } (infreq.) : to break in psjars 
 and cups, aula-; calicesque c, PI. Capt. 
 4, 4, 8 : to Irreak in p.s a potter's vessel, 
 vas figuli c, Vulg. Ps. ii. 9. (Diffringo, 
 to break in two : rare.) (iii.) to tear in 
 p.s : (1). conscindo. scidi, scissum, j (as 
 a fabric is torn): Cic: v. to tear. 
 (2). di.^ce^po, psi, ptum, j (as a body of 
 any kind is rent and disintegrated): 
 dogs tear in p.s the coipse, cadaver d. 
 canes, Suet. Dom. 15 : Cic. (3). divello, 
 i, vulsum, J (like preced.) : to tear a 
 body in p.s and scatter it on the waves, 
 corpus d. et undis spargere, Virg. Aen. 
 4, 600: Ov. : Hor. (4). dilanio. i (to 
 tear and mangle flesh) : v. To tear, 
 mangle, (iv.) to pull to p.s : discerpo, 
 } : V. supr. (iii, 2). In tig. sense, to pull 
 any rmt to p.s, vitia coUigere in aliquem 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, J7, 80: also, carpere (ali- 
 quem), Cic. Bal. 26, 57 ; more fully, 
 sermonibus carpere, Liv. 7, 12, ad fin, : 
 and with reference to rumour spread 
 abroad, differre : cf. Tac. A. I, 4, do- 
 minos variis rumoribus differebant. 
 (v.) to take to p.s: (1). dissolvo, vl, 
 litum, } {by unfastening bonds of coti- 
 nexion ; usu. implying the destruction 
 of that which is taken to p.s) : to take tc 
 p.s ivhat has been united, apta d., Ci&
 
 PIECE 
 
 PILE 
 
 r I L L A O E 
 
 Or. -Jl, 2J5. (2). digsuo, i, sutuin. } (liy 
 unstitching) : v. TO unstitch, (.vi.) to 
 go or fall to ps: (1). expr. bypass, rejl. 
 of solvo, dtssolvo, } : the ship goes to p.s 
 in the sea, solvitur in aequore navis, Ov. 
 Pont. 1, 4. l8 cf. Cic, Alt. ij, il, dissol- 
 utum navigium. So, navis solutilis, a 
 ship made so as In fall to pitces : Suet. 
 Ner. J4. (2). dilabor, psus, } (gradu- 
 ally; by the process of veariiig and 
 wasting) : a ship dtcayed and falling 
 t" p.sfrom age, navis piitris et veiustale 
 dilabens, Liv. (Kurc.) : Sen. (vli.) all in 
 {<>/") one p. : sometimes perh.. sfilidus 
 (R. and A.). A garment all of otie p , 
 •vestinientum suiuriscarens. Fig.: to 
 beallof a p.. coiiveiiire, congruere ; uiliil 
 Eibi discrepare- v. to agrkk. ||. A 
 
 coin: nOmisma, alls, n. (Gr. t-o/xicrfia) : 
 V. coTN. (Numus or nuramus usu. = 
 reculy money in general or some par- 
 ticular coin, as the didrachma, or the 
 testertius.) ||| A tnitten comi>osi- 
 
 tion ; liber, llbellus, fabula, carmen, 
 etc. ace. to tbe character of the com- 
 position. IV, ^ musical com}iosition : 
 perh. cantus, coiiccntiis. niOdus, eta ■ v. 
 MUSIC (11.). V Of artillery tor- 
 
 mentum (usu.pj.). v. aktillkry 
 
 piece ("•) •■ peril, sarcio, rCsarcio, 4 : 
 V. TO M KN D. P 11 r. : to p. cloth, ■pannum 
 assuere v. to sew on. 
 
 piecemeal : r* h r. to tear any one 
 p., fmanibusl aliquem discerpere, Liv. 
 1,16, m«ti. (v piPXE, 1, Phr iii.) to treat 
 (a sul>jecl) p. (not as a whole), divuUa 
 et quasi dL^cerpta contrectare, Cic. de 
 Or. J. 6, 24 (opp. to complecli iota) : 
 your packet tuis at last arriied p , 
 •tandem allatus est la^iiulu- tuus, nee 
 integer is quiilem sed conscissus atque 
 discei-ptus. (iMiiiUte. minutiin, niinu- 
 tatim =: in snuill pieces.) 
 
 piece-work : 1 ' l"". they f,>Uoir the 
 system of p., *iia operas conaucunt ui 
 non temporis sed operis conlecii ratio 
 babeatnr. 
 
 pied ' maciilosus, versicolor • v. 
 
 SPOTTED, PARTICOLOUBtD. 
 
 pier ; \, "f "' bridge or other 
 
 edi/ic* :° pila (pillar or pile of any 
 kind) : to plant the arches (of a bridge) 
 on p.s, in pills fomices impoiiere, Liv. 
 40, 51. II, A nuile: 1. moles, is, 
 /. (any massive structwe) : he con- 
 structed a p. for Terracina, m. ad Ter- 
 racinam confecit, Liv. 1. c. Cic. ■ v. 
 MOLE. 2. agger • v. mound. (The 
 best terra lor a wooden or chain p., is 
 prob. pons : cf. Virg. Aen. 10, 288 
 = landing-briJgi'.) 
 
 pier-glass ; *speculum parieti af- 
 fixuin. 
 
 pierage : "pecunia quae pro merci- 
 bus etc. ad molem exjiositis rimpositis] 
 solviiur. 
 
 pierce : I. To bore through : 1. 
 perf6ro, i (to make a hole through) : to 
 p. a ship, naveiii p., Cic. in Quint. 8, 6, 
 47' to p. any one's side with a snord. 
 latus ense p., Ov Tr. j, 9, 26- lights 
 (passages Jor tight) p.d from the soul 
 to the eyes, luiiiiiia ab animo ad oculos 
 perforata, Cic. N. D. ?.4.9. (I>>ss freq., 
 elloro. 1, Col. 9, I, ad init.; and simple 
 verb, fftro, i, id. 5, 10, ad fin.: Macr.) 
 2. perfidio, fodi, ssum, } (to dig 
 through ; to stab) : Cic. Virg. 3. 
 pungii, } ■ v to prick, puNcrriEE. 4. 
 terebro, pertgrebro, 1 v. to to irk 
 P 11 r thk shield nas found p.a with 
 120 holes, inventa sum In scuto fora- 
 mina cxx., Caes. B.C. j, ?(: v. H(ilk. 
 II. To wound, transfix : coiifoilio, 
 transfOdIo, tr^jicio. etc. v. to .stab. 
 Ta.vNSFix. III. To affect keenly .- 
 
 Phr. a guilty conscience, p.s [slings], 
 mens sibl conscia stimulus adhibet, 
 Lucr. !, io?2. that remark pd his heaii, 
 descendit hoc verbum in jiectus ejus, cf. 
 Sail. .Jug. II to l)e p.d with especial 
 grief, praecipuo dolure angi, Cic. Fam. 
 4, ? thei/ II ere p.d (pricked) to the litart, 
 compiiiicti sunt coide, Vulg. Act, ii. J7. 
 
 piercing (a<tj.) : I. Very pene- 
 
 trating pfineirabilis, e v penetrat- 
 ing, KEEN. II. Of sounds, extremely 
 acute: sup. of aci'uus, acer; v shkili. 
 
 To hair a p. sound, •acuti.-sime soiiare. 
 III. Of the mind, very shrewd and 
 discerning: acutus, perspicax, acer, etc. 
 V. AciTi-., penetrating. 
 
 piercingly: perb. acute: v. keenly. 
 
 Pierian : Picrius : Hor. . Ov. /'. 
 nymplts (the Muses), Pierides, Virg. E. 
 8.6}. 
 
 piety; pTCtas (primarily, dutiful 
 conduct tonanls pavvts . hence also, 
 toiiards the go'is : n Cic. Part. 22, fin., 
 Justitia erga deos reliRio, er^a parerit^'S 
 pieias nomiiiatur i io;;eilier with id. 
 N. D. 1,41, 116. wliire the detiniilon is 
 given, est pietas justitia erga deos): for 
 the sake of precision, use, p. adversus 
 deos [i)euni], id. Fin. 2, 22. -jj. i>r, p 
 erga Di-um, Or. pro Dom. 41, 107. 
 Join pietaB et saiictitas, id. Off. 2. ?, 
 11; pietas, sanclitas, rcligi", id. N. I J i, 
 2, ? (As distinct from pietas, sanctitas 
 denotes irrepioachahleness of life , re- 
 ligio, scrupulous regard fw oaths, etc.) 
 
 pig : I. The young of swine ; also, 
 in gen. sen.se, a boar or soiv : p<ir- 
 cus : tlie sow sliould feed her own p.s, 
 scrofa suos alat oportei p., Varr. It, R. 
 2. 4, itied. : the farm house abounds in 
 p.s, Hds, lambs, poultry, villa abundat 
 pono, haedo, asno, gallina, Cic. Sen. 16, 
 56: sucking p.s, p. lactentes, Varr I. c. 
 Fig. a p. of Kpicurus' herd, Epicuri 
 de grege p.. Hor Kp. I, 4, extr. IHmin , 
 porcellus (a little p., a porker) : Phaedr. 
 2, 4, I? (z= sucking p.) : Varr.: Suet. 
 The dimin. porculus a\so occurs (Gell. 
 4, II, porculis minusculis victitare, to 
 live on sucking p). but is very rare. Of 
 pigs, pig-, porciiius" e. g., p.-meat, por- 
 cina (sc. caro), PI. Capt. 4, 2, 70 (more 
 freq suilla) ; v pork. See also, swine, 
 Hoo, sow. II. Of metal : perh. later, 
 gris, ». (lit. a bnck) : cf. Plin. jj, }, 17 
 (L aurei. argentei) : or, tubiUus, ib. jj, 
 6, ?5 } 106. 
 
 pigeon: 1. cSlumba; v. dove. 
 2 piilumbes, is, c. ■ less fiiKj., pa- 
 lumba, ae (iiood-p.) : Virg. E. I, 58. 
 Varr. Phr. p.s' /iu7fc, lacgalliiiaceum 
 Plin. pref. } 24 : I'etr 
 
 pigeon-hole: IQcuiamentum (cf 
 
 Col. 8, 8, ad init.) ; or in pi., 16culi, 
 Drum: v, coiipartmext. 
 
 pigeon-house : cOlumbanum • Col. 
 
 8, 8, ad in it 
 
 piggery : suile, is, n. .- 0)1. 7, 9, extr. 
 (Hara = !:t;i ) 
 
 pig-headed • P^rb- plumbeus : Ter. 
 Heaut. 5, I, ? (ciudi'X, stipes, asiiius, 
 plunibeus) . Cic. See also obstin.^te. 
 
 pigment: pigmentum: v. paint. 
 
 pigmy : I. 'n strict sense, the 
 
 I'ygmies, Pygmaei, orum : Plin. 7. 2, 2 : 
 Gell. II, Any diminutive person : 
 
 pumilio, onis, c. ; Sen. Ep. 76, 24 Mart. 
 Also, pruiiilus: Suet. Aug. 8j : Slat. 
 See al.s.i dwarf. 
 
 pigsty : hara: Varr. R. R. 2, 4 • Cic. 
 (fig. with rel. to the school of Epicurus), 
 in I'is. 16, )7. 
 
 pigtail : P h r. to wear the hair in a 
 p., •trines in fomiam caudae demittere. 
 
 pike : I. ^ weapon ; sarisia (the 
 
 p. of the .Macedonian phaiungitts) • Liv 
 
 9, ig, med.: Lucan. (Hasta denoted 
 properly, a spear or jarelin for hurling 
 from a distance ; but the elongated 
 ha-sta of Ipbicrates [Nep. vlt. i] was 
 evidently a pike for thrusting : pilum 
 is the heavy javelin of the lioman in- 
 fantry.) See also speak. ||, The 
 'fish : perh. liipus Hor S. 2, 2, Jl : 
 
 Plin. or, luclus, Aus. Id. 10. 12; ("esox 
 lucius, Linn. cf. Plin. 9, 15. If)- 
 
 pikeman : sarissOphdms (in Maced. 
 phalanx): Liv. ?6, 18. With ref. to 
 other troops, "miles praelonga hasta ar- 
 matui. 
 
 pilaster : pSrasta, ae, /. ; or, p5ras- 
 tatica, ae, /. : Vitr. 5, i }^\ 6, 7 : Plin. 
 jj, }, i; (in either case the MSS. fluc- 
 tuate between the two fonns). (Paras- 
 tas, in Vitr 10, 15, is an upright support 
 in a catapult.) 
 
 pilchard ; *clupea harengus minor, 
 Linn. (R. and A.). 
 
 pile (subs.) : I. A heap or mass : 
 acervus, ciimiilus, strues: v. heap. .4 
 
 p. of anus, conggries armorum. Tac. A 
 2,22. II. Funeral pile : 1. rOgiM 
 to raise a funeral p., r. exstruere, Cic 
 Fin. }, extr : t<> place any one's corps 
 on the funeral p., aliquem in ropum im 
 ponere, id. lusi. i. ?;. 85; iiiierre, id 
 N. D. }, J5, mil. . to mount f/.c p. 
 asceiidere in r., id. hlv 1.2?. 4". 2. 
 pjTa (Gk. trupa" ran- and only iH*t.,: 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 215 Ov. |||, A maisioe 
 edifice : moles, is,/ ; princely p.f. r> giae 
 m.; Hor. Od. 2. 15, init.: Ci. . |y. A 
 limber driven into Oie ginund, ^/ /<>nn 
 a suj^port for building: sublica i.'ae*. 
 B. G. 4, 17 (of a bi idge) Liv. 2?, H- 
 Hence, puns sublicius the pile bridge, 
 Liv. 1, jj: Plin. V. Only in pi., 
 
 piles : v. HEMOHRMOID!^. VI. The 
 
 nap of cicth : perh. villus v nap (1.). 
 
 pile (•'•) •■ 1. congftro, ssl, scum, 
 } : tlieir shields vere p.d upon hei , scuta 
 illi congesta (sunt), Liv. i, 11, /in : to 
 p. on dry sticks, arida virgulta c. Suet. 
 Caes. 84 : to p. up towns uith the hand, 
 oppida manu c, Virg. G. 2, 156. 2. 
 exstruo, xi. ctum, } (esp. with ref. to 
 funeral piles) : (Sc. Fin. }, extr. : SueL 
 3. acervo, cOicer\o; cOniulo, i : v 
 TO HEAP. Phr.: to p. arms. *arma in 
 iinum locum conferre to p. the lugs 
 upon the fire, ligna super foco [in focunr 
 large reponere, Hor. Od. I, 9, tfiif. : to 
 p. up the agony, 'rei atrocltatem om- 
 nibus modis augere atque amplihcare. 
 
 pile-driver ; fistuca Caes. B. G 4, 
 
 17, med. 
 
 piles: V. HEM0RRHOTD6. 
 
 pilfer : 1. ^urripio, rlpui, leptiim, 
 i (to snatch away priiily , to purloin): 
 to p. sacred lessils from a private house, 
 vasa ex privaio sacra s., Cic. Jnv. 2. 18, 
 init.: to p. a table-napkin, aliciii map- 
 pam s.. Mart, ii, 29, 10 Hor 2. 
 compile, I (to rijle, steal from : with ao. 
 of person or object./ rom whom or what) : 
 slaves p. their masters' goods, as Uiey 
 abs'ond, (dominum) compliant servl 
 fugientes, Hor.S. I, I. 78 to p. the con- 
 tefiits of any one's writing-desk, alicujus 
 scrinium c, ib. extr. : Cic. Phaedr. 
 3. furor, sufTuror, i v. to steal. 
 
 pilferer . fur p.s of the treasury, 
 f. aerarii. Sail. Cat. 52, med. Or expr. 
 by verb: v. to pilker. 
 
 pilfering (subs.): surreptlo (rare). 
 Apul. Csu. furium will be previse 
 enough . v. theft. 
 
 pilgrim: * pcregrln&tor ■ 'qui reli- 
 gionis ergo fcausa] peregrinatur ; cf. 
 Erasm. Coll. 1. p. }}q, sqq. For tbe use 
 of I he imperf. part, us subs., v. L. G. 
 } 658. (N.B. — From tbe context, pere- 
 grinari, peregrinator, alone will usu. be 
 preci^e enough.) 
 
 pilgrimage: •peregrinatlo rellglonl* 
 causa lacta; cf. Erasm. Coll. i. p. jjo: 
 or simply peregrinatio (the context de- 
 fining) : no p. is regarded as having 
 greater sanctity, nulla p. religiosior, lb. 
 p. j6o. To go on p s, sacra hx^a vjsere, 
 ib. li. p. 27J ; *sacra loca rellgionis causa 
 visere, adire. 
 
 pill; pHula: Plin. 28, 9. !7 } u8- 
 M. L. I'hr. : that iias a Oitt'r p. for 
 him to sifolloir, * lullt hoc moli-stlssime 
 acerbissimeque, cf Cic. Verr. 2, I, 58. 
 i52i *hanc contumeliam iniquissimo 
 animo concoxiL 
 
 pillage ('••) •• 1. praedor, i (strictly 
 Intrans. ; in later authors ab« trans): 
 the piospect of plundering and p.ing, 
 spes rapiendi praedaiulique, Cic. I'll. 4. 
 4, 9 : to p. the pri'pert'i oj the farmers, 
 de aratorum bonis p., iii. Verr. {. 78. 18I : 
 to p. the allies rather Oian the enemy, 
 socios magis quam hostes pr, Tao. A. II, 
 49. Kngaged in. p.ing, prai-daliundug. 
 Sail. Jug. 90. 2. diripi". "'. reptuni, | 
 (onlv trans.) : lop. (S'Jck) a toi<Ti, oppi 
 dumd.. C^aes. B. C. I, 21, fin. (lYaedor 
 Is to ciirry off booty from a country or 
 toimt . diripio, (o ransack and rifle 
 utterly, as soldiers do a city taken 6y 
 storm.) 3. pojmlor, 1 (to Jay ica.*^*) : 
 v. TO ravage, devastate. 4. com- 
 pilo, I (to rifle): to p. temples, teropla 
 cCic. N. D.'i, il. 86 Liv. S^i. expilo, 
 I V. TO ROB. 5. spOlio, I (to despoil 
 5?5
 
 PILLAGE 
 
 PINION 
 
 PIPE 
 
 etc.) : 
 
 ■irip of ornaments, furniture, 
 Cic: Sail. 
 
 pillage (subs.) : 1. rapina (most 
 gen. term) their thoughts are of nothing 
 but p.,Q\l cogitant nisi rapinas, Cic. Cat. 
 2, 5, 10 : io lay waste by fire and p., 
 incendiis, rapinis vastare, Hirt. B. G. 8, 
 25 : Caes. 2. direptio (ransacking 
 and sacking of a place) : a city aban- 
 doned to p. and fire, urbs relicia direp- 
 tioni et incendiis, Cic. Fam. 4, 1, med. 
 3. expr. by yerb: the hope of p., 
 praedancii spe8. id. Ph. 4, 4, 9 • to allow 
 soldiers the p. of a town, *oppidum mili- 
 tibus diripiendum velinquere, coiieedere: 
 for syn. v. pillage, subs. See also pif.- 
 LAGiNG (subs.) ; PLCNDEK. Phr. : tolioe 
 ly p., *ex praeda vivere. 
 
 pillager : praedator : v plunderee. 
 pillaging (subs.) .- praedatio : Tac. A. 
 12, 29 : Veil. See also pillagk, subs. 
 
 pillaging ("<(;•)•' praedabundus: Sail 
 Jug. 90. See also plundering, adj. 
 
 pillar : I. ^ column .• l. col- 
 umna (a column) .- Cic. : Vitr. : Hor. 
 (Not in this sense, columen : cf. Vitr. 4, 
 2, I.) Thep.s of Hercules, Herculis col- 
 umnae, Plin. 2, 67, 67 : called also, Her- 
 culeae metae, Lucan }, 278. 2. pi'a 
 (a massive support or p., esp. of a 
 bridge) : he contracted for the p.s to a 
 bridge over the Tiber, locavit pilas 
 pontis in Tiberim, Liv 40, 51 ; Hor. 
 II. ^ prop or support (fig.) : c61umen, 
 inis, n. (strictly, the mainstay of a house, 
 gabUpost) : a p. of the state, c. relpub- 
 licae, Cic. Sext. 8, 19 • Ter. : Hor. : 
 
 V. PROP. 
 
 pillared : columnatus : Varr. R. R. 
 J, 5, post med. (Or by circuml., columnis 
 fultus, instructiis r v. pillar.) 
 
 pillion ; P h r. : to ride on a p., 
 •pone (post) virum in equo sedere. 
 
 pillory: *pill"rium (quod dlcitur); 
 V. Du Cange, s. v, (variously spelt). Or 
 expr. by gen. phr., to stand in the p., 
 *flagitii probrive causa propalam ad- 
 stare. (The ancients had no similar 
 penalty.) 
 
 pillow (subs.) : 1. puhinus (any 
 cushion) : Cic. Fam. 9, 18, extr. .- Nep. 
 2. cervical, alis, n. (for resting tlie 
 hack of the neck and head upon) : they 
 fasten p.s to their h^ads with linen (as a 
 protection), c. capiiibus imposita linteis 
 constringunt, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 16 ; Suet. 
 Ner. 6, fin. 
 
 pillow (i'.) .• '• e. to support as on a 
 pilloiv (Milt.), suffulcio, 4 : v. to prop. 
 
 pilot (subs.) : in gen. sense, gilber- 
 nator (steersman, helmsman) : Cic. Sen. 
 6, 17 : Virg. Oft. fig., v. governor. 
 Phr.; the p. of the state, qui sedet ad 
 gubernacula reipublicae, Cic. ■ v, helm 
 (I.). (The function of a harbour pilot, 
 may be expr. by, vada monstrare ; navis 
 cursum dirigere.) 
 
 pilot (v.) : in gen. sense, guberno, i : 
 V. TO STEER. Cf. preced. art. 
 
 pilotage '. PhT.- topay p., *ei mer- 
 cedem dare qui in portum navis cursum 
 dirigit. 
 
 pimp (subs.) : leno, onis, m. .■ Ter. : 
 Cic. : Hor. See also, procurer. Phr.: 
 to be a p., lenocinium facere, Ulp. Pig. 
 J. 2, 4 $ 2 ; 1. profiteri (as by profes- 
 sion). Suet. Tib. }$. 
 
 pimp (v.) : lenocinium facio ; v. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 pimpernel: anagallis, Idis,/. .- Plin. 
 (*A. arvensis, Linn.) 
 
 pimping (*"'**■) •■ lenocinium: to be 
 reduced to get a living by p., egestateni 
 lenocinio susteutare, Auct. red. in Sen. 
 5, II ; V. PIMP, satis. 
 
 pimple : pustaia ; p.s arising from 
 perspiration, p. quae ex sudore nas- 
 cuntur, Cels. 5, 28, 15 : Plin. See also 
 
 PUSTULE. 
 
 pimpled, pimply : pustiilosus • Ceis. 
 
 5,26,31 (with ref. to pustules of disease). 
 Phr.; a p. face, *os pustulis crebrum. 
 
 pin (subs.) : I , The small pointed 
 instrument so called ; acus, un, f. (a 
 veedle or pin : cf. Germ, .stecknadel, 
 a needle for sticking) : = hair-p., Mart. 
 14, 24. II, A kind of nail or peg : 
 clkvus : V. PEG. 
 556 
 
 pin ("■') -■ I. l-it-" to fasten with 
 
 a p. : acu figo, j : v. Mart. 14, 24. 
 
 II, To pierce through and fasten tu 
 
 something : aiTigo, }: v. to fasten to. 
 
 pin-cushion : *pulvillus acubus ser- 
 
 vandis. 
 
 pin-money : peculliim (uxoris) : 
 Ulp. Dig. 2j, J, 9 $ J. Phr. -togriuea 
 wife p., *uxori (pecuniani) in privatos 
 sumptus praebere : cf. Cic. Verr. j, J3, 
 init. 
 
 pincers : forceps, Tpis, c .- to seize a 
 tooth (to be extracted) with the p., dentem 
 forcipe (aZ. forfice = shears), Cels. 7, 12 : 
 Virg. : V. tongs. See also tweezers 
 (vulsella). 
 
 pinch (".) •■ \. To nip as with the 
 finger-ends : vellico, I (to twitch, fillip, 
 pinch): Quint. 6, 1,41 (from the circum- 
 stances related, it evidently means to 
 pinch in this place). Or expr. by cir- 
 cuml. : crabs p. severely with tlieir claws, 
 *cancri quodcunque forcipibus suis arri- 
 puerint comprimunt acerrime. See also 
 TO squeeze. II. To inconvenience by 
 want of space, etc. : coarto, i : v. to 
 CONFINE. Phr.; entertainments where 
 one is p.'d for room, nimis arta con- 
 vivia, Hor. Ep. i, 5. 29 : people p.'d up 
 in a narroiv theatre, arlo stipata[Roma] 
 theatro, ib. 2, i, 60. Ph r. : to p. oneself 
 for food, fraudare se ipsum victu suo, 
 Liv. 2, 10, extr, ; defraudare genium 
 suum, Ter, I'h. 1,1,9: Liv |||. To 
 hurt by pinching, gall : uro, ussi, ustum, 
 J ; if your shoe p., being too small, 
 calceus si minor uret, Hor. Ep. i, io,_4J. 
 IV. To nip with cold, uro, praeuro, 
 J : v TO NIP (11.). V. '''" distress 
 greatly, of poverty : perh. urgeo, premo 
 (cf. Virg. G I. 146, urgens in rebus 
 egestas) : v, to press. 
 
 pinch (subs.) : Phr. : a covxh that 
 will hold four at a p., *lectus quattuor 
 convivarum capax, ut quam artissinie 
 recumbant ; or, quattuor convivarum 
 quura plurimum capax : v. most, adj. 
 (fin.). 
 pinchers . forceps, ipis, c. : v. 
 
 PINCERS. 
 
 pinching (<wi?.) * angustus : p. po- 
 vei-ty, a. pauperies [paupertas], Hor, Od. 
 J, 2, I cf. res angusta donii, Juv. j, 
 164- also, Virg. G. i, 164, duris urgens 
 in rebus egestas. 
 
 pine (s«bs.) : 1. pinus, asand i./. 
 (dat. and abl. pi. only pinis) . Virg. : 
 Hor. ; Plin. : u>ed poet, lor a p.-torch, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 72; or a ship, as built of 
 p,-ivood, ib. 10, 206. 2. pinaster, tri 
 (= pinus silvestris, Scotch p.) : Plin. 16, 
 10, 17. J/ade of p., pineus: ap.-forest, 
 p. silva, Virg. Aen. 9, 85 : Ov. . o grove 
 of p.s, pinetum, Ov. F. 2, 275: Plin.: 
 yielding p.s, pinifer, piniger (poet.) ; a 
 p.-cone, pinea nux, Plin. 15, 10, 9: or 
 simply, pinea: Col. 5, 10, med. 
 
 pine ("•) •■ 1. tabesco, bui, i ; also 
 tabeo, 2, poet, (to uaste away) : to p. 
 with longing for, desiderio t., Cic. Cat. 
 2, 4, 6 ; with grief and misei-y, dolore 
 ac miseria t., Ter. Ad. 4, ;, 12 : ping 
 (uasted) cheeks, tabeiites genae, Virg. 
 Ain. 12, 221 : Ov. 2. macresco. nia- 
 cesco, 3 (to grow lean): v. lean. Fig. • 
 the envious man p.s away at the sight 
 of his neighbour's wealth, invidus al- 
 terius niacrescit rebus opimis, Hor. Ep, 
 I, 2, 57 3. senesco, s6nui, } (strictly, 
 to grow old; hence, to wane, languish): 
 to p. airay n-ith longing (of lambs), 
 desiderio s., Varr. R. R. 2, 2, ad fin. : 
 Hor. . Liv. Strengthened, consenesco, 
 f to p. away in son-ow and tears, 
 moerore et lacrimis c, Cic. Clu. 5, ij : 
 Col. 4. conf icior, fectus, j (to be worn 
 
 Out).i V. TO WEAK OUT. 
 
 pine-apple : the tree, *ananassa sa- 
 tiva, Cycl. The fruit, perh. pinea : v. 
 
 PINE-CONE. 
 
 pining (sm6s.) .- tabes, is, /. (any 
 wasting malady) : Virg. Aen. 6, 442 
 (quos durus amor crud/'li tabe peredit). 
 
 pinion (subs.) ; penna (in this sense, 
 poet.) . to soar on no mean p., non tenui 
 ferri p., Hor, Od. 2, 20, init. . untiring 
 ,p., p. metuens solvi, ib. 2, 2, 7 ; v. »ving. 
 
 pinion (f.) ; rfivincio, nxi, nctum, 4 
 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 57 (manus juvenis post 
 terga revinctus) v. to binu. 
 
 pink (subs.) : 'dianthus (Linn.). 
 
 pink (adj.) : neaie.st word, puniceus 
 (defined by Forcell. as, rubens, rubicuu- 
 dus, sed dilutus, faint re I or purple) ; 
 cf Virg. Aen. 12, 77 (puniceis invecta 
 rotis Aurora). Phr.: mtishrooTns with a 
 p. skin, fungi qui rubent callo dilute ru- 
 bore. Plin. 22, 2j, 47 : to grow p. diluto 
 rubore rubescere. See also red, rosy. 
 
 pink («.)>■ pungo, perforo; v. to 
 
 PEICK, PIERCE. 
 
 pinnace: perh. lembus- Liv.: v. 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. 
 
 pinnacle: I. Li*-- » P**"' <*/ « 
 
 building devaied above the rest; fasti- 
 gium (strictly, the gable-top of a roof, 
 where it rises to a point): cf. Liv. 40, 2, 
 fastigia aliquot templorum culminibus 
 abrupia tempestas dissipavit (which 
 words show that the fastigium was 
 more elevated than the culmen; the 
 latter term denoting the top of any 
 building, even fiat-roofed, as houses 
 were): I mount the topmost p. of the 
 house, summi fastigia tecti ascensu supe- 
 ro, Virg. Aen. 2, 302. (I'innaculum is 
 very late ; e. g. Vulg. Matt. iv. 5 : pinna 
 is a battlement, not a pinnacle : cf. Caes. 
 B. 6. 5, 40.) II. Fig.: fastigium : v. 
 
 EMINENCE (II.). 
 
 pint: nearest measure, sextarius: 
 Cato ; Cic. : v. Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 pioneer : explorator viae : Suet. Tib. 
 60. (Munitor = sfl^iJer or miner, ex- 
 cavatm:) In fig. sense, praecursor- v. 
 
 FORERUNNER. 
 
 pious : 1- P'us, comp. magis and 
 maxime plus (dutiful to parents ; hence, 
 to the gods, as standing in like relation 
 to men) : the superl. piissimus was used 
 by M Antonius, Cic. Ph. 13, 19, 4? 5 a""* 
 (though declared not to be Latin by Cic. 
 1. c.) is freq. in later writers in sense 
 of most dutiful and affectionate: to 
 distinguish between the p. and impimts, 
 p. et impiormn rationem habere, Cic. 
 
 Leg. 2, 7, 15. 2. sanctus (of pure and 
 spotless life): cf.' Cic. Verr. 5, 19, 49, 
 vir in publicis religionibus foederum, 
 sanctus et diligens (most conscientious). 
 Phr.: an eminently p. man, religionum 
 diligentissimus cultur, Liv. 5, 50, init.; 
 praecipua (singulari) religiouis conser- 
 vandae cura, cl. Val. Max. i, i, 12 ; in- 
 signis pietate vir, Virg Aen. i, 10. See 
 
 also RELIGIOUS, CWNSCIENTIOUS, UPRIGHT. 
 
 piously : 1. pie : J o i n : pic sanct«- 
 que, Cic. N, D. i, 20. 56: pie inviola- 
 teque, id. Sen. 22. fin. 2. sancte 
 
 (irreproachably) : Cic. (Or expr. by mo- 
 dal abl., [cum] magna, summa pietate : 
 
 V. PIETY.) 
 
 pip (subs.).- I. In fowls: pituita; 
 Pall. I, 27 (defined as. alba pellicula 
 quae linguam vestit extremam [galli- 
 narum]) : Col. : Plin. ||. In fruit 
 semen, inis, n. (gen. term) v. seed 
 In grapes, acinus (vinaceus), Cic. Sen. 
 15, 52; or, nucleus, Plin. 23, i, 9: in figs, 
 granum, Cic. I.e. 
 
 pip ("■) '■ i- ^- to cry as a chicken : 
 pipio, 4 : Col. 8, 5, med. 
 
 pipe (siibs.) J I. Musical: fistiila: 
 Virg. : Hor. : used of a pitch-p., f. ebur- 
 neola (of ivory), Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225. 
 (Other poet, terms are, avena, an oaten 
 p., Virg E. I, 1 : a reed p., calamus: 
 esp. in pi., to denote a I'an's p., cf. ib. 
 2, 32, Pan primus calamos cera coiijung- 
 ere plures instiiuit: hemlock-p., cicuta, 
 ib. 2, 36; Lucr.) 1|. A tube: 1. 
 
 tabus earthenware p.s, t. fictiles: Col. 
 I, ;, init. •. Plin. Dimin., tubulus (not 
 necessarily with dimin. sig.). Varr. R. 
 R. I, 8, med. (t. fictiles). Vitr.: Plin. 
 2. canalis, is, m., less freq./. (a con- 
 duit p., or for draining), wooden p.s, 
 iligni c, Virg. (j. 3, 350: Caes. B. C. 2, 
 to (where the word appears to denote a 
 hose for discharging water). Dimin., 
 canaliculus (small p.) : Col. |||, For 
 smelling ; perh. infumlbulum (used /or 
 inhaling fumes medically). F'lin. 24, 
 15, 85 (is nidor per inf. Imbibitur in- 
 veteratae tussi : al. infundibulum). Or, 
 trajectorium (" quod Itali pipa [Au-
 
 PIPE 
 
 PITCHED 
 
 P I T I F U T. 
 
 glice, pij^] vocant," Forcell. 8. v.) Plin. 
 Val. (nsed for the same purpose as ])ii- 
 ced.). (Fumisugium is barbarous, auO 
 tabulD8 hardly applicable.) P h r. : lie 
 occoiwnally indulged in a p., nicotianae 
 nsu interdum be delectavit, Bruder, 
 Spinas, pref. |V. Measure of wine: 
 culeus or cullcus (= about no gallons) ; 
 Cato R. 11. 148: Varr. 
 
 pipe ("•) • '• e. to play on a pipe ; 
 (tibia s. fistula) cano, canto : v. to play. 
 
 piper; fislulator: Cic. de Or. }, 61, 
 227 (there denoting a person employed 
 to give a speaker the right piUU). Or 
 use tibicen, cinis, m. (a player on t/ie 
 tibial : v. flutk. 
 
 pipkin: oUa (gen. term): Cato, R. 
 R. 158. 
 
 piquancy: pnh. vis: of. Cic. Att. i, 
 i6, 4, nam cetera non possum hatx?re 
 Deque vim, neque venuslateni, neither 
 piquancy nor liveliness; or somelinies, 
 8ul, sales : V, wit. Or cxpr. by salsus : 
 there is a p. about those (iritticisins) 
 which involve a latent suspicion of the 
 ridiculous, sjilsa sunt quae, etc., Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 69, init. 
 
 piiaant: I. Or flavours: acer, 
 oris, ere; v. pungknt. Or e.\pr. by cir- 
 cumL: o p. flavour, *talis sapor qui 
 palatum [tarduni] exciture pussit. ||, 
 Fi g., of wit: salsus, facetus: v wrrrv. 
 Sometimes vgmistus may serve, denoting 
 that which is neat and clever : cf. Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 6?, 25! ; 'b- 65. ^62. P h r. : 
 to say sontethipg p., acute aliquid Ulcere, 
 ib. 68, 275 : a p. kind of ait, (1 idiculi) 
 genus non insulsum, ib. 64, 2y(). 
 
 piquantly: salse, lacete, aciite: v. 
 
 WITTrLY, ACUTELV. 
 
 pique (.subs.) : offensio : v. offence. 
 To have a p. against any one, allcui 
 offensum esse, Cic. Clu. 62, init. 
 
 pique (" ) • P h r. : to p. oneself 
 upon anything, jnclBire se de aliqua re, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 21, init. : v. to pride 
 (oneself). 
 
 piracy : 1. latrScinium (robbery 
 and freebooUng, by land or sea) : a na- 
 tion infamous for p., gens latrociniis 
 maritimis infaniis, Liv. 10, 2 : to get a 
 living by p., latrocinio maris vitam 
 tolerare, Just.4J, j: the sea being infest- 
 td with p., latrociniis ac praedationibus 
 infestato mari. Veil. 2, 7 5. 2. piralica 
 (late, and hardly to be adopted) : to 
 practise p,,p.exiTceTe,Jnsl.&, ;: Quint. 
 8, i, J4 (where it is stated that the word 
 was not accepted as good Latin in the 
 youth of Quint.) : pseudo-Cic. post Red. 
 Sen. 5, II. Fig., literary p., peih. 
 *latrocinium s. furtum librariuin (by no 
 means, litieratum, which may denote 
 plagiarism but certainly not piracy). 
 
 pirate (subs.) ; l, praedo, onis (a 
 robber, freebooter in general : hence 
 usu. with some defining term) r Nep. 
 Them. 2 (pr. maritimus) : also absol., 
 Suet. Caes. 4: Cic. Off. j, 29, 107, etc. 
 2. pirata, ae, to. (Gr. TrctpaTJj?): Cic. 
 Off. },29, 107: i<l. K. Am. 50, 146: Veil. 
 (N.B.— For ordinary laiig., or when the 
 particular kind of robbers is assumed 
 to be known, the more suitable term is 
 praedo: cf Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 72, where the 
 term pirata Is first used and afterwards 
 praedo . also id. Off. I. c.) P h r. : a cap- 
 tain nf p.s, archipirata, Cic. Off. 2, 1 1, 
 40: to be a p., •latrocinio maritimo 
 
 Uti V. PIRACV. 
 
 pirate (''•)•• Phr. : to p. a work, 
 *libruni fraude interceptum edere. 
 
 piratical; 1. piratlcus: a p. 
 vessel, navis p., cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 7J 
 (the kind ot vessel there named Is 
 myopilro)- Veil. ; Plin. : the "piratical " 
 war, helium p., pseudo-Clc. post Red. 
 Sen. 5, II (N.B. — In Cic. that war is 
 called, b. maritinmm, Manil. pass.). 
 2. praediitorius (engaged in depre- 
 (iation, whether in regular ivar or not) : 
 PI. Men. 2, 2, 69 : cf. Liv. 29, 28. P h r. ■ 
 u p. race, *gens latrociniis maritimis 
 dedita; gens latrocinla maritima agitare 
 solita: v. pikaoy. 
 
 piscatory: piscalorius: Caes.; Plin. 
 
 pish (interj ) : perh. phy or phui I cf. 
 Xtt. Ad. i, J, 58. 
 
 pismire . formica : v. amt. 
 
 piss (f); meio, mingo, j: v. wateb 
 (to make). 
 
 piss (subs.) . urina . v. dkine. 
 
 pistachio • pistacia (the tree) : Plin. 
 (I' vera, Linn.) 'I'he iiat, pistiicium 
 (-euiii)^ Plm. . PalL 
 
 pistil . *pisiillum (in pure Lat. a 
 pestle) ' only as t, t. 
 
 pistol . not to be e.\pr. in decent 
 Latin perh. *stlopetus (scl.) minor. 
 
 pistole : 'aureus Hispanicus. 
 
 piston embolus masculus ; Vltr. 10, 
 
 ■: (12). }. 
 
 pit (subs.) : I. A cavity in the 
 ground: 1. pilteus ; tosinka p. inthe 
 ground, p. in solido demittere, V'irg. G. 
 2, 2ji; nsed for storing arm, Varr. R. 
 R. I, 57; see also jiine (1. 3). 2. 
 fovea (uau. for entrapping animals): 
 to hide carcases in p.s, (cadavera) fo- 
 vels abscondere, Virg. G. }, J58 : v. 
 IMTFALL. (Scrobs, scrobis, usu. a hole 
 or trench for planting.) ||. The 
 grave: Inferi, Orcus : v. grave (11.). 
 Ill, 'the caviti/ under the siviulder : 
 ala, a.xilla: v. aiimpit. |V. cf the 
 stomach: *ventris pars ima (infima). 
 V, A small depression in thu skin : 
 lacfma : cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 7, ad init., 
 superci lia cana et sub ea lacunae. VI . 
 (// a theatre: perh. cavea (strictly in- 
 cluding the whole audience-part of an 
 ancient theatre, which was, in fact, all 
 pit) : Cic. Sen. 14, 48, etc. : v. DicL Anu 
 p. 1 122, a. 
 
 pit(^)'' I. To mark with depressions, 
 as in small-pox : Phr.. tlie skin is p.'d, 
 excav.mtur in cuti foveae [better, la- 
 cunae] ; imprimuntur cuti notae, Syden- 
 h:im, p. 122: a face p.'d with small-pox, 
 * facies e.\ variolis maculosa, vario- 
 larum notls [cicatricibus] distincta. 
 ||. To set togetlier in fight: com- 
 mitto, } ; to p. iMtin baaers against 
 Greek ones, pugiles Latinos cum Grae- 
 cis c, Suet, Aug. 45 : Juv. 
 
 pit-a-pat: Phr.- to£ro^.,palpitare: 
 
 V. TO THROB. 
 
 pitch (subs.): I, The resin: pix, 
 picis, /. ; Plin. : Hor. </f p., piceus : 
 Lucan 10, 491 (v. pitchy) : to smear with 
 p., picare (v. pitch, IV.). ||, l>e- 
 
 gree of elevation, esp. in certain phrr. : 
 highest p., fastigium summum (v. kjii- 
 nknce, II.) • to such a p., hue, eo, or 
 adeo; to what a p., quo; foil, by part, 
 gen. : to get to sudi a p. of arrogance, 
 eo arrogantiae progredi. Suet. Aug. 77 . 
 to what a p. of mwlness, quo amentiae, 
 LiT. 28, 27: Cic. Ill, In music. 
 
 Phr.: at the highest p. of the voice, 
 summa voce, Hor.S. i, ), 7 : in every voice 
 there is an intermediate p., in omni 
 voce medium quoddam est, Cic. de Or. 
 ;, 61, init. : a high, low, intermediate p. 
 nf the voice, vo.\ acuta, gravis, media, 
 Macr. Sat. i, pref. med. |V, liKli- 
 luUion : fastigium : v. slope. 
 
 pitch («■): A. Trans.! \. To 
 fasten, set ■ Phr.; to p. one's camp, 
 castm ponere, Caes. : Liv. pass. : to p. 
 tents, tabernacula (sc. militum] statuere, 
 Caes. B. C. I, 8t (eo die tabernacula sta- 
 tui passus non est, quo paratiores essent, 
 etc.) t also, to p one's tent, tentorium 
 ponere, Ov. F. }, 527 ; t. statuere, Lucan 
 9, 912 : in wider sense, .sedem habere. 
 Sail. Jug. 18, imV. II, To fling :ci)U- 
 Jicio, J : V. TO throw. |||, 71< set the 
 key-rwte for music : Phr.' to p. a tune 
 too high or loic, *acutius vel gravius 
 ciuam idecebat soiiare, canendo praeire ■ 
 v.vucH, subs (111.) IV. To cover 
 
 with /I. : pico, I : to p. wine-jars, dolia 
 p., Cato R. K. 25 Suet : 0)1. Also, 
 inipico, I (•/. rare) : Col. (Or by clrcuml., 
 pice iliinere, linere, etc.: v. to i-mear.) 
 B. Intrans.: |, Toliyhtouiiu 
 this sense, usu. <o piYtA upim. incldo, } : 
 V. to fau, on (L, HI., IV.). II. Of 
 ships, to rise and fall from (»»• tostcm: 
 *in longitudlnem sursum deorsum ferri, 
 inclinari. 
 
 vitchei (part, adj.) i Phr.. tofght 
 a p. iKiltle, in acie dimicare, Caes. B. G, 
 7, 64 ; manum conserere atque arniis 
 dimicare, ib. B. C 1, 20 to lead out forces 
 
 for a p. battle, coplas in aciem ednceie 
 Liv. ji, J4,ezt>\: they never came to a p 
 battle, nusquam ad unlversae rei dimica- 
 tionem ventum est, Liv. i, ;8, med. : t< 
 luive the advantage in a p. batttf, signi 
 coUatis superiorem esse, Liv. }8, 16: hr 
 fought JO p. battles, tricies cum boste 
 conflixit, Suet Vesp. i v. battle. 
 
 pitcher : L ''.rceus ; Hor. A. P. 
 22: Plin. i>imin, urta-eias: Col.' Juv. 
 
 2, hiniea: Cato R R. 81. Itimin., 
 hirnula : earUien p.s, h. hctiles, Cic. Par. 
 
 I, 2, II. 
 
 pitchfork : furca: Hor. Ep. i, lo^ 24 : 
 
 V. F(JltK. 
 
 pitchpipe : fistula . cic de Or. i, 60, 
 
 225. 
 
 pitchy : 1. piceus (like pitch, 
 
 black as 2'iteh) : p. darkness, p. caligo, 
 Virg. G. 2, 509 : Ov. 2. pUalus 
 
 (flavoured with pitch) : Plin.: Mart. 
 
 piteous: I. Callmg for pity: 
 
 mlserabills: v. pitiable. ||. Boleful, 
 expressing sadness: 1, misfrabllls, 
 e : p. a-ies, m. voces, Liv. i, 29. fin. ; a 
 voice inclined to a p. tone, intiexa ad m. 
 sonum vox, Cic de Or. 2, 46. 19;. 2. 
 flebflis, e (ftdl of weeping, tearful) : a 
 wretched and p. sight, misera ei flebilis 
 species, Cic. Ph. 11,5,7: v. plaintive. 
 
 3. Iiimentaliilis,e(i>eri/ do^«/u/); to 
 bewail in p. tones, 1. voce deplorare, Cic. 
 Tusc. 2, I?, 52. So, elamentabills, Ib. 2, 
 24, 57. P h r : io utter p. lamentatUmt, 
 fletus edere graves, Phaedr. i, 9, j. 
 
 piteously ; i. e. in a sad and affect- 
 ing maimer: misgrabillter, flebiliter: 
 Cic. : tor syn. v. pitkols. Or expr. by 
 modal abl., miserabili s. lameutabili 
 voce ; ib. 
 
 piteousness : expr. by aey. : V, 
 piteous. 
 
 pitfall : fovfia : to hunt game by 
 means of p.s, foveis leras venari, Plin. 
 to. }8, 54 to tumbh into a p., in f. in- 
 cidere, Cic. Ph. 4, 5, 12 : Hor. Fig., 
 ==a snare, PI. Poen. I, I, 59 (foveA 
 aliquem decipere) See also snare. 
 
 pith: mCdulla (both ht. and fig.): 
 Col. }, 18, extr. (of a vine) : Plin. For 
 fig. sense, v. marrow. Phr.; the p. of 
 the mather, caput rei: cf. Cic Ph. 2, }i, 
 77, caput litterarum (the p. or sum of 
 the letltr). 
 
 pithiness : v. pitht. 
 
 pithless :_'• P- uunting force and 
 life : perh. aridus, Jejiinus : v, dry, 
 JEJUNE. An arid, p. style, aridum et 
 exsangue orationis genus, AucL Her. 4, 
 
 II, 16 cf. Tac. Or. 18 (orator exsanguis 
 et attritus,^!</(?es.'! and bare). 
 
 pithy; I. I-it. expr. by mg- 
 
 dulla : (a plant) that is very p., cui me- 
 dulla pUuima. Plin. 16, 25, 42. (Or 
 medullosus: v. maRKOWY.) || Fig., 
 full of meaning : 1, sentcntiosus 
 
 (full of thoughts concisely expressed: 
 rare) a p. style, dictiouis genus s., Cic 
 Br. 95. J25. 2. densus (paclcing one's 
 matter close): Quint. 10, i, 106; more 
 fully, densus senteniiis, lb. ^68. Join: 
 densus et brevis, ib. () 7} (de Thucydide). 
 3. expr. by sententia : e. g. sen- 
 ten tiis [acutus atque] creber. Suet. Caes. 
 55 . sentcntiis densus. Quint, (v. supr.) : 
 cf, rerum frequentia creber, Cic de Or. 2, 
 I?, 56. See also, laconic. (N.B. — 
 Apophthegma, for a pithy saying, i» 
 w ithout ancient authority as L;itln.) 
 
 pitiable ; 1. misfrabiUs, e (cal- 
 ling Jor pity) : a p. sight, aspectus m., 
 Cic' I'h. 2, 29, 7J: Ov. 2. miseran- 
 dus (like preced.) : in a p. manner, m. 
 in modum, Cic. Prov. Cons. }, 5 : p. 
 estate, m. fortuna. Sail. Jug. 14, med 
 3. afflict us (prostrate, in a ruined 
 slate) :' to be in a more p. condition than 
 the rest, afflictiore esse conditlono quam 
 ceteri, Cic. Fam. 6, i,./in. ; to display to 
 another one's p. a^flictii/ns. alterl suas 
 miserias luctu afllictas offerre, id. AtL 
 
 }, 9. Sie also MISERABLE. 
 
 pitiably : L mlsOrablllter (in a 
 manlier calling for pity : infreq.) ; Cic 
 Tusc. I, 40, 96 ; VaL Max. 2, nilser- 
 andum in mi>dum ; Cic Prov. Cons, j, 5. 
 See also miserably; prrEOiSLV 
 
 pitiful: \, FuUof piti/ andcorrir 
 557
 
 P IT I F D LLY 
 
 PLACE 
 
 PLAG I ARIST 
 
 passion : miseiicors, rdis v. compas- 
 
 BIONATE, MKIHMFUL. ||. Fit tO move 
 
 pity: V. PITIABLE. III. Paltry, cov- 
 temptibU : abjectus (jneo») .- Join 
 abjectus atque conleniptus, Cic. Agr. 2, 
 
 J4, 95 V. f ONTEMPTIBLE. 
 
 pitifully : I. Compassionalely : v. 
 MKRciFULLV ||. DoloToudy. misfirii 
 oiliter. V. pitkouslv. |||, Ontemp- 
 tiblii : perh. abjecie: v. meanlv. 
 
 pitifulness ; v.compassion, etc. (cf. 
 
 preced. artt.). 
 
 pitiless : immTsSricors ; durus, fer- 
 
 reUS V. DNMEBCIFUl., HARD-HKARTED. 
 
 pitilessly: inimlsSricordlter: v, un- 
 
 MERCIFOLLT. 
 
 pitman : v. miner. 
 
 pittance : 1. demensum (the 
 
 daily allonance of fond for a slave; 
 called also, diumiim, dlariura) vltat 
 the poor fellow fci.v barely saved out of 
 his p., (juod vix de demenso suo com- 
 parsit miser. I'er. Ph. i, I 9 cf. Sen. 
 Ep. 80, 8 (diurnum accipere). 2. 
 
 Slips, stipis, /. (a small coin or sum of 
 money giren) : to hold out the hand for 
 a p. (fllms), msiiiiim ad 3. porrigere, Sen. 
 V. B. 25, I : cf. id. Beij 4, 29. slips aeris 
 abjecti. 3. raercedQla (trijl ing wages) : 
 for a trifling p., mercednU adducius, 
 Cic. de Or. I, 4;, init. (Or expr. by 
 merccs, with such at^jj. as, exigua, par- 
 va, tantula [tantula mercede addiic- 
 tus, for so trifling a p.'\, quantula : v. 
 
 WAGES.) 
 
 pitted {part, adj.) : v. to pit. (I.). 
 
 pity (suhs.) : 1. misgrTcordia : to 
 be overcome u<ithp for any one, miseri- 
 cordia alicujus frangi, Cic. Att. 7, 12, 
 med. : to moiv to p., aliqiiem ad m. in- 
 ducere, id Br. 50, 188: cf. id. de Or. i, 
 12, 55 (raentes ad lenitateni m.que revo- 
 care). 2. misgratio (act of pitying, 
 
 feeling of p.): Cic. Fam. 5, 12, j: to 
 excite p.(iOMmiseration),m. conimovere, 
 
 Quint. 6, I, 46 V OMMISERATION. To 
 
 feel p for, expr by misgret : v. to 
 PITY. P h T. it u-as a great p. that. . ., 
 perincommode accidit quod. . ., Cic. Att. 
 I. 17. I ■ what a p. it is tliat . ., *quara 
 incommode factum est quod ! male fac- 
 tum (est) ! 
 
 pity ("•) •• 1. nifsSret, uit [for 
 
 misertum est, v. infr. 2], t, impers. 
 (with ace. of personal subject, and gen. 
 of object), ti-e p. those who..., miserei 
 nos eorum qui..., Cic. Mil. J4, 92: et 
 pass. Foil, by vicem, on account of 
 (adverb, ace.), instead of simple gen., 
 Ter. Heaui. 4, 5, 2 (Menedemi vicem 
 miseret me). 2. misgreor, itus and 
 rtus, 2 (with gen. of object) Cic. : Liv. : 
 Virg. Also used impers. (less freq.) : 
 beiiare how you p. brothers. . ., cave te 
 fratrum misereaiur..., Cic. Lig. 5, 14, 
 esp. in perf.. misertum est: Scip. Agr. 
 in Macr. S. 2, 10. (Commisereor, rare : 
 Cell.) 3. miseresco, j (strictly de- 
 noting the gradual access of emotion; 
 also with gen. ; poet.) : Virg. 4. 
 
 misgror, i (in good prose, denoting the 
 outward expression of pity ; to com- 
 miserate, condole with) : p.ing (his) 
 cruel fate, sortem animo miseraius ini- 
 quam, Virg. Aen. 6, j J2 : Tac. Strength- 
 ened, oommlsgror, i : Nep. Ages. 5 (= to 
 express pity for). 
 
 pitying (adj.) . mtsgrlcordiae plenus ; 
 
 tDlSgricOrS: V. COMPASSIONATE. 
 
 pityingly: cum(sumnia)misericor- 
 
 dia ■ cf. COMPASSIONATELY. 
 
 pivot: cnodax. acis, ?». : Vitr. 10, 7 
 (6), II. In fig. sense, cardo, Inis, m. : v. 
 
 HINGE. 
 
 pix : p.vxis, idls,/, (any small box or 
 ease): v. box (1. 6) 
 
 placability ; placabTlItas r Join: 
 placabiliias atque dementia, Cic. Off. I, 
 25, 88. (Or expr. by adj., placaWle in- 
 genium, placabilis animus v foil, art.) 
 
 placable ; 1. placaliilis, e : a 
 
 mind at once easily provoked and p., 
 animus irritabilis et idem p., Cic. Am. i, 
 17,1. Ov, 2. exorabilis.e (t/iat ma?/ 
 ie prevailed upon , strictly, implying 
 right or poner to inflict punishment) : 
 cf. Cic. Q. Fr i, i, ij, extr. (where it 
 elands as the antithesis to implacabilis) . 
 558 
 
 Hor. Or expr. by circuml., *qul (facile) 
 placari t. exorari potest. P h r. : a p. 
 temper, animus mollis ad deponendara 
 oSfensionera, Cic. Att. i, 17 i. 
 
 placard (subs) .- llbellus to notify 
 by p.s, edere per libellos, Suet. Caes. 41 . 
 Caes.: v. bill (IV.). 
 
 placard (v.) •• P h r. r to p. the walls 
 of the city, *libellos omnibus urbis muris 
 affigere; urbis muros libellis iiiducere; 
 per omnes muros proscribere . v. bill 
 (IV.) ; and to advertise. 
 placate : placo, i : v. to appease. 
 place (subs.) : I. Spot or position 
 occupied : 1, locus, pi. -i and -a (the 
 neui. form denotes places connected to- 
 getlier, a region) : the Gauls wlio in- 
 habited those p.s (or regions), Galli qui 
 ea loca incolerent, Caes. B. C 2, 4: at 
 flame in all p.s, Romae pe: omnes locos, 
 Sail. Jug. io : ^asnm. f, sedes, is,/. 
 (natural or proper p. of): to push 
 mountains from their p.s, montesde sua 
 s. moliri, Liv. 9, j. init. (v. seat) also 
 poet. = locus: Ov. M. 4, 78. Phr.- in 
 this p., hie (v. here)- in that p., illic, 
 istic, ibi (v. there): in u?iat p., ubi (v. 
 where) . in the same p., ibidem, Cic. 
 Inv. 2, 4, 14 : Virg. ; in some p., alicubi, 
 Cic. Att. 9, 10. ad fin. : in another p., 
 alibi (v. ELSEWHERE) in no p., nusquam 
 (not nullibi, v. nowhere ; and for the 
 whole series, L. G $ IJ?) to this, that, 
 iiJiat, the same, some, no p., I^uc, illuc 
 (isiuc, eo), quo, eodem, aliquo, nusquam 
 (v. hither, thither, etc.; also L. C 
 I?}) '• from this, that, what, the same, 
 some, p., hinc, illinc (istinc, inde), unde, 
 indidem alicunde, etc. (v. hence, thence, 
 eic. ; and L.G. $ ijj) one to one p. and 
 another to another, alius alio. Sail. Cat. 
 27 : to slationin different ps, disponere, 
 Caes. pass. (v. to station, arrange). 
 II. Room,: 16cus: v. room. Phr.: 
 to give p. to any one (ax token of respect), 
 alicul decedere, usu. with via, de via. 
 V. to get out (fin.). In fig. sense, 
 cedo . V. to YIELD- III. With the 
 
 idea of substitutiim : locus if I "ere 
 in your p., si ego in isto siem 1., PI. 
 Bac. 4, 8, 116 Cic. Ksp. abl. loco = in 
 p. of: V. iKSTEAD (I. 2). In same sense, 
 vice : lb. Phr.: to appoin t a consul, 
 censor, etc., in the p. of one deceasi'd, con- 
 sulem, censorem, in locum demortui 
 sufficere, Liv. 5, ji. |V. ".{hcial 
 
 station: V. office (II.). V. Oenoting 
 succession : Phr.: in the first p., prl- 
 mum, primo (v. first, adv.) -. in the 
 next p., deinceps, proximo, etc. (v. next, 
 adv. II.): in tlie last p., postremo (v. 
 LASTLY). Miscell. Phr.. to take p., 
 fieri, accidere (v. to happen) : to say 
 something that is out of p., *aliquid 
 parum in tempore (alieno tempore) di- 
 cere: it is of the greatest moment that 
 everything he in p., *magnopere in- 
 terest, ut omnia congruant et quasi in 
 suo loco reperiantur ■ that ivas quite 
 out of p., *illud minime decebat. 
 
 place ("■) • 1. pono, posui, ittmi, 
 } (to put ; station): to p. (deposit) d/KU- 
 mentsin the treasury, tabulas aerario p., 
 Caes. B. C. i, 108 : to p. a aonn on any 
 one's head, coronam in caput alicujus p., 
 Gell. J, 15 : he p.s a garrison there, ibi 
 praesidium ponit, Caes. B. G. 2, 5. 
 Comps. appono (v to put) : circum- 
 pono (v to Pt:T round) . dispone (to p. 
 (it intei-vals, arrange) : to p. guards at 
 intervals along a wall, custodias in muro 
 di.spinere, Caes. B. G. 7,27; to put in 
 order together, compono (v. to ar- 
 range). 2. 16co, I (with special ref. 
 to the relatire position in which the 
 obji ct in consequence appears) : he 
 orders hurdles to lie p.d facing (the 
 ent'mii), crates adversas locari jubet, 
 Caes. B. C. j 46: lop. cavalry in front 
 (if the n-ings, equites pro cornih\is 1., 
 Quint. 2, "ij, J Omip. collSco, i 
 (strengthened from simple verb, and 
 pointing to the placing of an object in 
 coniiexiim with other objects): to p. pic- 
 tuies in a good light, tabulas in bono 
 lumiue c, Cic. Br. 75, 261 : beams are 
 p.d at equal intervals on the grmind. 
 trabes paribus intervallis In solo collo- 
 
 cantur, Caes. B. G. 7, 2}. 3. stituo, 
 i, utum, i (to set up, p. anything in 
 an erect position) : v. to set, set op. 
 In same sense, sisto, j- Virg. AeiL 2, 
 245- 
 
 place at, before, against : 1. 
 appono, J (foil, by a/x. and dat. ; also 
 with prep, ad repeated) to p. before 
 any one a sufficiency, alicul ap. tantum 
 quod satis sit, Cic. Tusc. 5, }2, 91 ; to p. 
 a mark against a bad verse, ad malum 
 versuni notam ap., id. in Pis. ^o, init. 
 
 2. applico, avi and ui, 3.tum and 
 (later) itum, i (loll, by ace. and prep, ad 
 repeated ; less freq. dat.) : to p. one 
 icing of an army near a town, alterum 
 cornu ad oppidum a., Liv. 27, 2 . Cic 
 
 before : praepono, antgpono, j : 
 
 V. to put before. 
 
 — between or among : 1. in- 
 terpono, j (with ace. and dat. or inter 
 repeated) : he p.s light troops artumgst 
 them, inter eos levis armatuiae [milites] 
 interponit, Auct. B. Afr. IJ ' ^Hirt. 
 (oftener fig.). 2. interjicio, jeci, Jeo- 
 tuni, J (same constr.) the nose p.d be- 
 tween the eye^, nasus oculis interjectus, 
 Cic. N. D, 2, 51, 14} Caes. 
 
 — over ; i. e. in command : prae- 
 pono, praef icio, } v. to appoint (1.). 
 
 round : 1. ciroumdo, dgdi, 
 
 daium, I (with ace. and dat., or ace. and 
 abl [^to surround urith something]; 
 also absol.) . to p. yn irds around, cus- 
 todias c, Cic. Cat. T 4, 8. v. TO sur- 
 round. 2. circump6i,o, } (infreq and 
 usu. absol.) : Hor. : Suet. 3. circum- 
 jiiio, J (with ace. and dat. or absol.)* 
 Caes.: Liv 
 
 — under : sui'jicio, j (with om. 
 and dat. or absol.) to p. eggs under 
 luens, gallliiis ova s., Plin. 18, 26,62 to 
 move ships by means of rollers p.d under 
 them, naves scutulis subjectis subducere, 
 Caes. B. C. ?, 40. 
 
 upon: 1, itnpono, ; (usu. 
 
 with ace. and dot., or in repeated with 
 ace. and less freq. abl.): to p. a diadem 
 upon any one's head, alicul diadema i., 
 Cic. Ph. J, 5, 12 to p. any one's body on 
 the funeral pile, aliquem in rogum i., 
 id. Tusc. I, J5. 85. Ter. also foil, by 
 super and ace., Curt 9, 7, ad fin. (pedem 
 super cervicem jacentis impusuit). 2. 
 superpono, j (usu. with oce. and dat.) r 
 to p. a cap upon the head, pileum capiti 
 s., Liv. I, J4; a farm-house p.d upon a 
 hill, villa colli superposita. Suet. Gal. 4. 
 Also, supenmpono, j : Liv. . Cels. 
 
 place-hunter ; *qui magistratus ce» 
 teraque luinisteria publica mercedis gra- 
 tia capiat 
 
 placid : 1. placidus • a p. and 
 quiet Jirmness, p. quietaque constantia, 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, 10 : p. sleep, p. somnuB, 
 Ov. F. }, 185 2. quietus v. «uiet. 
 
 3. tranquillus : v. calm, tr.akQUIL. 
 
 4. lenis, e : v. gentle. 
 placidity : expr. by adj., e. g. inge- 
 
 nium placidum, etc. . v. placid. 
 
 placidly : placide, quiete, etc. ; v. 
 peacefully 
 
 plagiarism; furtum (the context 
 defining) ; to be guilty of p., f. facere, 
 Ter. Kun. prol. 28 ■ id. Ad. proL u_: 
 critics should approve not p.s but (ori- 
 ginal) tvorks, op'irtet judicantes non 
 furta sed scripta probare, Vitr. 7, pref. 
 5 7. (Where the context does not define, 
 t. litterarium, litteratum, may be used.) 
 Phr.. to be guilty of p. on any one, 
 furari ab aliquo, Cic. Att. 2, i, init. , 
 de aliquo, Vitr. 1. c. . also, intercipere, 
 Suet. Gr. 5 : more fully, scripta (aliena) 
 furantem pro suis praedicare, ib. } j : 
 facete, scrinia alicujus compilare (i. e. 
 aliena scripta compilare), Hor. S. i, i, 
 extr. 
 
 plagiarist: 1. P^rh. plaglarius 
 librorum : cf. Mart, i, 52, 9 (a facetious 
 expr. = kidnapper of books) : or better, 
 2. compilator: Isid.Or. 10, 44, com- 
 pilator, qui dicta aliena suis permiscet, 
 etc. (q. v.). Hier. (N.B.— Best used 
 with depend, gen. ; as, alienoruni scrip- 
 torum compilator; veterum compilator, 
 etc.) 3. perh. fur littgrarius; cf 
 
 PLAGIAKISU.
 
 PLAGIARIZE 
 
 PLAN 
 
 PLANK 
 
 plagiarize • furor, compilo, I , inier- 
 clplo, }: V I'l-AGiAKiSM, Pbr. 
 
 plague {subs.) : I. Pestilence : 
 pestiU-ntia v. i-ystlLr.acE. |J. Any 
 very great evil : 1 pwHtis, is,/. .- Cic. 
 N. I). I, i6, 101 (,= p. of serpenU): v. 
 SCOUBOE. Eap. to denote a very prrni- 
 cious fierson v. rvst. 2. P ai?" 
 Vulg. Kx. xi. I, etc. |||. OjIIoq.. a 
 source of annoyance ■■ expr. by m6l- 
 estus, Sdiosus : cf. Ter. Kun. j, i, 24 
 (cf. foil, art.) ify<iu are detemiineil to 
 heap., si porro esse fxliosl pireliis. id. 
 Ph. 5, ^. 44. IV. AI.-« colloq. ill im- 
 precatiins inaiuni ' what, ttie p.. are you 
 telling me f quid, malum, niihi narras ? 
 Per. Ad. 4. 2, 1 8. et /xua. P h r. • p. take 
 you ' In malam crucem ! id. Pli. 2, }, 
 21- PI., so, abi dlerecte! PI. Most, i, 
 I 8. 
 
 plague («)• Phr. : don't p. me, 
 •noltstus IIP sis! PI. As. 2, 4, 6} : at all 
 events 1 shall p. him .' molestus certe ei 
 fuero! Ter. Andr. 4. i. 17 or expr. by 
 molestiam alicui exhibere, Cic. Kani. 12, 
 jo; afferre, Ter. Hec. j, 2, 9 (v. to 
 TEOTTBLE, ANNOV) : top. any one to death, 
 enecaie (enicare) aliquem ; e. g. rogi- 
 tando, Tt-r. Kun. j, 5, 6. 
 
 plaice ; perh. passer, gris, m. : Plin. 
 9, 20, j6. 
 
 plain (subs.) -. 1. campus : p.s and 
 mountains, c. et montes, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 
 94: they live in the expanses ofexteiidtd 
 p.s. in camporuni patentium aequoril)US 
 habitant, ib. i 9? ; nrry extended p.s, 
 apertissimi c, Caes. B. G. }, 26. 2. 
 planities, ei (o level tract : usu. of less 
 extent than campus) : belveen the town 
 and the hill uas a p., erat iiiier oppidum 
 et coUem p., Caes. B. C. I, 4? : Sail. 
 3. aequur, Oris, n. (level expanse on 
 water or land) : cf. supr. ( I ). lielonging 
 to Die p. (as opp. to the hills), campester. 
 tri.s, tre : villages situated in p.s, vlci 
 caiiipeslres, Liv. 40, 58 : a march through 
 the p.. c. iter, Caes. B. C. i, 66: neut.pl. 
 used as subs. : Tac. G 45 . Plin. 
 
 plain (a^j) •■ I. I'nadortieji : 1. 
 press'io (of style; curtailed oj all re- 
 dundancy or ornament) : in diction, 
 natrative is mostly p., verbis narralio 
 saepius pr est, yuint. 9, 4, i J4 : cf. id. 
 10, 2, 16, fiunt pro graiidibus tumidl, 
 pressis exiles (i. e. instead 0/ p., they 
 arejtjune): also, Cic. de Or. 2, ij, 56: 
 Plin. niin. 2. subtilis, e (a term fre- 
 quent in critical lang., and denoting the 
 precise, unadorned, unambitious style 
 suitable to narration or argument) : 
 Quint. 12, 10, 58, sqq. : also, Cic. Or. 2?, 
 78, baec subiilis oratio, quasi inannpla, 
 delectat) : Join: subtilis fquaedam] 
 et pressa oratio, Cic. Or. 5, extr. 3. 
 tenuis (like subtilis) ; Join: tenuis 
 aique inomams, il). 9, 29. 4. simplex 
 V siMPLK. (Cf. Hor. Od. I, 5. 5. simplex 
 munditiis, "plain in tliy neatness," 
 Milt.) 5. incomptus (alJsolutely un- 
 adorned, ho ring »/o attention paid to 
 person or style): Cic: Quint, (v. supr. 
 2). 6. piirua (of gold or silver work ; 
 not chased or otherwise wrought) : p. 
 silver (plate), argentuni p., Cic. Verr. 4, 
 22, 49 Juv. Phr.: his style of dress 
 was nrat but p., *in vestitu det:ori stu- 
 diosus erat sed extra omnes elegantias 
 mundiiiasque. ||. Clear, without 
 
 obscurity : 1. apertus : v. obvious, 
 MAMFKsT. Join, tani aportum tamque 
 perspicuum. Cic. N. D. 2, 2, niit. 2. 
 planus (presenting no difficnltirs ; 
 whereas apertus indicates the prima 
 facie obviousness of a tiling) : to moke 
 anything abundantly p. to any one, 
 aliquid cumulate p facere alicui, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 64, init. : Plin. 3. perspicuus. 
 clarus. etc.. v. ci.kar, evidknt. per- 
 spicuous. 4. explicatus (like planus) 
 an easy arnt p. case, causa facilis et ex.. 
 Cic. Plan. 2. 5. |||. Ftank, outspoken : 
 
 1. simplex, Icis : a trijle loop, (and 
 Hunt), siniplicior, Hor. S. I, ?, 6; : p. 
 words, s. verba. Suet. Tib. 61, med 
 
 2. sliicerus: v. sinim-re. Phr.: 
 you have lieen so exceedingly p. nith me ! 
 ita aperte ipsam rem locutus, nil circiii- 
 tioneususes! 'Per. Andr. i, 2, ji ■■ land 
 
 you are perfectly p. with each other, 1 
 ego ac tu simpUcissime Inter nos lo- | 
 quimur, 'Pac. H. i. i;, 7171. : v. plainly. | 
 IV. Of diei,"n«< mixed: simplex \ 
 p. food, s. esca, Hor. .S. 2, 2, "J I Plin. : 
 cf. Suet. Aug. 76 (ciliiis vulKari>). 
 
 plainly: |. without <miament : 
 Phr. todrenp., *modice vestirl ; nullls 
 vestitiis munditiis uti ; the temples of 
 these dxities should be p. tmilt. his dlis 
 sine dellciis aedifliia constitui decet, 
 Vitr. 1,2, 5 • his hiruse was very p. 
 furnished, instrunienti et supellectilis 
 sunima erat parsimonia, cf. SueL Aug. 
 7?; 'domus ejus nulla instrument! 
 supelleclilisve iiiagniflcentia iiisignis. 
 II. i;learly,intelligibly : 1. aperte: 
 to speak p., a. loqui, ler. Andr. 1, 2, 24: 
 Cic. 2. plane: Join: plane et aperie 
 Irxjui, etc. Kin. 2, 5, i ;. 3. expllcai^ej 
 Cic. de Or. j, 14, 5J. 4. enucleate 
 (of a speaker, wlm clears his subject of 
 difficulties) : Cic. Br. ?o, 115. See also 
 ci.EABi.y, PKRSPicuocsLV. (For syn. v. 
 PLAIN, clear.) Phr to speak p. (not 
 to indulge in mystification, ambages 
 omittere, nulla clrcullioneutl. Per. Andr. 
 I, 2, Jin. III. rnteservedly : simpli- 
 clter.aperte: V plain (111. ,/«.). Phr.: 
 to be p. and unmistakably refused, sine 
 fucoet fallaciis negari.Cic. Att. i, 1, init. 
 See also frankly. |V. Witlumt va- 
 riety of diet : P h r. : to live p., simplici 
 (vulyari) cibo uti: v. plain (IV.). 
 
 plainness: I. Absence of orna- 
 ment : expr. by adj. : V. PLAIN (I.). 
 II, Clearness, intelligibility: v. 
 PERSPicciTY. III. Outspokenness : sim- 
 plicitas (frankness) : Liv. 40, 47, med. 
 
 plaint: querela; V. COMPLAINT. 
 
 plaintiff: 1, petllor,/ petitrix, 
 (one who claims auyht in law) : to ap- 
 pear in the character of p., jietitoris 
 personam capere, Cic. Quint, i ?, extr. 
 (as distinct from that of an accuser, 
 accusator: id. deOr. i, J7.). 2. e.\pr. 
 by verb, is qui (ea quae) petit, opp. to 
 unde petitur (the defendant) : 'Per. Kun. 
 prol. 12. (In a criminal case, where 
 damages are not sought, the plaintiff is 
 accusator.) 
 
 plaintive : 1. flebllis, e : p. strains, 
 f. modi, Hor Od. 2, 9, 9 ■ Ov 2. n"- 
 sfirabilis, e : p. elegies, m. elegi, Hor. Od. 
 I. 5 J. 2. 3. queriilus (as it were, com- 
 plaining) : p. cries, q. ululatus, Ov. H. 
 
 5,75 See also MOLKNFUL. 
 
 plaintively i 1. fieblliter: Cic. 
 Tusc. I, J5, 85 (f. canere). Hor. The 
 neut. adj. is also used as adv (poet.) • 
 Ov. R. Am. j6. 2. perh. miserabiliter 
 (in a tone of .'iadness or compassion) : 
 Cic. : Quint. (Or expr. by modal abl., 
 miserabili s. flebili voce: v. plaintive.) 
 
 plaintiveness : expr. by o-ij. .- v. 
 
 PLAINTIVE. 
 
 plait (s"&s.) : I. A foil: pllca- 
 
 tura, ruga: v. fold (11.). ||, A lock 
 of hair plaited : perh. *crinis intextus. 
 
 plait (f) •■ perh. Inlexo j : v. to 
 
 WEAVE, INTERWEAVE. (NectO, tO twiSt, 
 to tin'ne : v. To entwtne.) 
 
 plaited ( part, adj.) : vitfiis, e 
 (wicker): Col.: Cato. 
 
 plan (subs.)i I. Project, design: 
 1. consilium : to form a p. tu do 
 something, c. capore, foil, by ger. part., 
 Caes. B. G. J, 2 : less freq. with inf., ib. 
 7, 71 . to abandon the p. of entering on 
 war, c. belli faciendi abjicere (omit- 
 tere), Cic Cat. 2. 7, init. ; c. repudlare. 
 Per. Andr. 4, }, 1 8 : to adliere to a p., in 
 suscepto c. permancre, Cic. Off. i, }i. 
 1 1 2. 2. propositum : v. purpose. 
 3. ratio (course of ca)-rying out any 
 enterprise) : your p. is to.. ., tua r. est, 
 ut, .,Cic. Verr. Ait. i, 11, ^in..- this is 
 usually my p. in S{>eaking, mea r. in di- 
 cendo haec e.sse solet, ii de Or. 2, 72, 
 292 : for the present he at>andons his p. 
 of. . ., in pnicseniia r. omitlit . . . (with 
 ger. part.). Caes. B. C. i. 50 (where con- 
 silium might have stood equally well; 
 not in preccd. exx.). Join: ratio 
 viaque, (.Mc. Verr. 5, I, 4. 4. '"- 
 stitiitum (srttled p. or course) : in pur- 
 suance of one's p., i. suo, C^es. B. G. i, 
 50: Cic. II, Design of a building or 
 
 work of ait, etc. : 1. forma ; he de- 
 
 signed a new p. for the buildings of the 
 city, f. aedificiunim urbls novam ex- 
 cogitavit. Suet. Ner. 16: Vlir. GelU: 
 cf. Cic. Kaiu. 2, 8, f. relpubilcae, quale 
 aedificium futurum sit, Sa of literary 
 works • to depart from the p. of a wnrk, 
 formam proposi. i operls excedere. Veil. 2, 
 16, init. 2. descriptio- a ground p., 
 formae in solo areae d., Vitr. 1,2,} the 
 site and p. of a city, (urbis) situ^ et d. 
 aedificiunim, CMc. Agr 2, 16, init.: Plin. 
 Kp. 5, 6, I}. 3. desigiiatio (like pre- 
 ced., strictly, the act of planning : also 
 tite design itself) : the mtii e p of the 
 whole fatfric, omnis toiius op«-ris d.,Cic. 
 N. D. I, 8,/n.: Vitr. 4. conformatio 
 Vitr. $,6.init.: for which,also,dlspo_ltio, 
 id. 5. 9. extr. Phr.: a p. (cleraium) 
 of the front of a building, Iroiitis imago 
 modiceque picia operis riituri figura, 
 Vitr. I, 2, 2 the p. of a '/reek Uo-otie it 
 in some resjiects different, in Gr.iecoriim 
 theatris Don omnia lis<lein rutionibug 
 sunt facienda, Vitr. i, 7 (8), init. : lo ex- 
 hibit diffeient ps if baths, depicias in 
 membraiiulis varias species balnearum 
 ostendere, Gell. 19, 10, mr.d. (where im 
 mediately afterwards forma is used, as 
 the more technical expr.) : lo draw a p., 
 designare, describere v. folL aru 
 
 plan (v.) : I, To arrange, pur- 
 pose: 1, intendo, di, tum and sum, ?: 
 nor can he carry out what he had p'd, 
 neque quod Intenderat efficere potest. 
 Sail. Jug. 25 : so, with animo (unimis, 
 of more than one), Cic. Ph. 10, 4, 9. 
 Foil, by inf. : v. to iktend. 2, expr. 
 by consilium, with a verb : v. preced. 
 art. 3. cogilo, excogito, i : v. to i>e- 
 visE. (Molior implies action as well as 
 planning, cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 25, mi.livns 
 de occupando regno, sclieming and tak- 
 ing steps with a view to uswpation.) 
 II. To design : 1. desiguo. i : to 
 {mark out and) p. the icalU of a city, 
 moenia urbis d., Viir. 2, pref. ij 2: to p. 
 the univeise, omnium rerum de.~crip- 
 lionem d., Cic. N. V. I, 11, ini^ 2, 
 describo, psi, ptum, } (to draw out as it. 
 a diagram) : Join: dimetiri aique 
 describere, Qc. Sen. 17, 59. (To p. a 
 building, formam aedificii describere, 
 rather than simply aedihcium d. : v. 
 PLAN, subs. II.) 
 
 plane (subs.) : _ \, a level super- 
 ficies . expr. by planus : the neut. of 
 w hich may be used as subs. : cf. Front, 
 Goes. p. }ii V. PLANE, adj. ||. The 
 tool : runcina Plin. 16, 42, 82. |||. 
 The tree: plaianus, i, /. : Cic. de Or. i, 
 7, 28 . Hor. A grove of p.s, plalanon, 
 onis ; Petr. Mart. JJade of p. v ood, 
 plataninus : Col. 
 
 plane (adj.): planus: p. rectilineal 
 figures, formae p. et rectis lineis com- 
 prehensae. Front. Goes. p. }$■ 
 
 plane ( <-'•) • runcino. i : Varr. L. L. 
 6, 10, 77. Comp., deruncino, I, lo pUxne 
 oil': only in I'g. sense = '" ehent: PL 
 Mil. 4, 4, 6. See also to sMikiTH. 
 
 planet: *planeia, ae, »i. [\>e6l con- 
 fined to technical lang. pure Ijii., siell* 
 errans. Cic. N. D. 2, 20, init.; sidus 
 errans, Plin. 2, 6. 4 also, stella erratlca. 
 Sen. iN. Q. 7, 2j . Varr. in Gell.: or, 
 finally, erro, onis, m, Nigid. in GelL 14, 
 I, med); Gell. 1. 1: Aus. Kcl. de nom. 
 VII. dierum Isid. 
 
 planetary: ^xpr. by pianeU: v. 
 
 prtced. ait. The p. system, 'tola hae« 
 soils planetaruuique descriptio . v. flam 
 
 (ii)- 
 plane-tree : ^- plane ("L). 
 
 plank {subs.) : 1, axis, is, m. (also 
 written assis) oaAen ;>..«, a. queml, 
 Vitr. 7, I, 2- Caes. Dimin., axiculus: 
 Amin. ' ' 2. tabula (the word beat 
 sulteil for elegant prose ; axis being a 
 liuilder's term : also. esp. a p. out ql a 
 ship) : to get hold of a plan'.- in a ship- 
 wteck, t. de naufragio arrijiere, Cic. Off. 
 }, 25.89: Hor. 3. lamina 01 lamiia 
 (a thin p.)i v. PLATE. To join pj to- 
 gether, as in forming a floor, coaxo or 
 coasso. I Vitr. 7, i, 5; the fabric being, 
 coaxaiio, id. 
 
 plank I''-)- 1. contibulo, I (to 
 55<»
 
 P li A N K I N G 
 
 PLATON IC 
 
 PLAY 
 
 cover with boards) : Caes. B. G. 5, 40 : 
 Plin. 2. coaxo (coass.) : Vitv. "j, 1, 5. 
 (N.B. — Coaxo appy. only of a hurizontal 
 planking : coniabulo of either horizontal 
 or perpendicular.) 
 
 planking: contabulatio, coaxatio: v. 
 preccd. art. 
 
 plant (.subs.) ■ 1, herba (gen. 
 term) : wild p.s, [asperae et] agrestes 
 h., Cic. Div. I, 34,16; et p<us. (Often 
 collect.; V. HERBAGE.) 2. ^o pi. only, 
 
 gignentia, um, n. (v. rare) : Sail. Jug. 
 79, med. So (perh. better), nascentia, 
 Vilr. 5, I, ?. (Planta is strictly a slip, 
 tcian ; used Juv. j, tzi = herba.) 
 
 plant ("■)•■ I. Li t., to set a plant: 
 1, sero.sevi.satum, j((osoi« or j3(a«<)- 
 to p. (= cultivate) the olive and the vine, 
 oleam vitemqne s., Cic. Rep. j, 9, fin. : 
 Hor. Od. 1, 18, I : top. parsley by means 
 of slips, plantis apium s.. Col. 11, }, 
 ante med. : see also to .sow. 2. poni«, 
 pdsui, itum, j (to set) : to p. poplars, 
 willows, and elm-suckers, populos et 
 salices plantasque ulmorum p., Col. 11, 
 2, med. (et pass.) : to p. vines in rows, 
 p. ordine vites, Virg. E. 1, 74 : Hor. ; 
 Pall. Also comp. depnno, j: top. seeds 
 in a trench, seniina scrobe d., Cul. 5, 4 : 
 Virg. G. 2, 24 (d. plantas sulcis). (N.B. 
 — Planto = propagate by slips.) ||, 
 7b set with plants : 1. consfiro, sevi, 
 Eltuni, J : to p. fields, agros c, Cic. 
 N. T>. 2, 52, I jo: to p. an olive-orcltard, 
 olivetum c, Varr. R. R. i, 24. (Also 
 sero in same sense : Ov. A. A. 2, 668.) 
 2. obsero, 5 ; cover by planting : 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 2;, 65. III. To set up in 
 a certain place ; 1. stStuo, i, liium, 
 J : to p. the standard (as signal for a 
 halt), s. signum, Liv. ;, 5;, fin. : Val. 
 Max.: to p. a tent, tabernaculum s., 
 Nep. Eum. 7 ; Caes. 2. pono, posui, 
 itum, } : (the consuls') p. their chairs 
 in the forum, sellas ponunt in foro, cf. 
 Liv. J, II, init. : Nep. I.e. 3. inflgo, 
 xi, xum, } (to p. firmly, fasten in some- 
 thing) ; to p. a standard firmly, signum 
 inf., Cic. Div. 2, ?i,67; v. to fix, fasten 
 (in). (N.B. — Proponere vexillum is not 
 to p. a standard, but to exhibit the battle- 
 tignal, a red flag : cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 20.) 
 IV. ^'^ found a settlement, etc. : 
 Phr. : top. a colony, coloniam dedu- 
 cere (in aliquem locum) : v. colony ; 
 
 also TO FOUND, SETTLE. 
 
 plantain : plantago, inis, /. .- Plln. 
 Water p., alisma. atis, 7(. : Plin. (Alis- 
 ma plantago. Withering.) 
 
 plantation: i- e. a place set with 
 trees : 1, piantarium (a bed in which 
 young trees are kept for a time ; nur- 
 sery p.) : Plin. I ?, 4, 8. 2. arbustum 
 (esp. of elms, for training vines mi) : 
 Cic. Sen. is, fin. : Pall. 11, 4 (de arbusto 
 faciendo). A p. of firs, pinetum; of 
 oaks, quercetum, aesculetum, illcetum, 
 etc.: V. FiK, OAK, etc. Or expr. by cir- 
 cuml., locus arboribus consilus, obsitus ; 
 
 V. OVEiiGKOWN. 
 
 planter: sator: Cic N. 0. 2, J4, 
 init. : Co\. Also, consitor (poet.) ; Ov. ; 
 Tib. The planters (in slave settlements), 
 •agrormn servitiorunique possessore^ : 
 p. of a colony, colonus qui coloniam 
 deducit (v. settler, colonist); the p.s 
 ^ Christianity, *qui fidem Christianam 
 apud gentes propagaverunt. 
 
 planting (subs.): \. satus, iis: 
 the planting of vines, vitium s., Cic. 
 Sen. i;, 52. Also, satio, onis: id. : Cul. 
 2. consitio (rare): Cic. Sen. 1;, 
 extr. Also, consitara : id. fr. in Non. 
 (Or expr. by verb ; v. to plant.) 
 
 plash (subs.) : no exact word: Pbr. : 
 to listen to the p. of the waters on the 
 rocks, *undarum sonitum excipere dum 
 leniter in saxis franguntur. 
 
 plash (".) : V. preced. art. 
 
 plaster (subs.) .- |. Used in build- 
 *ng : 1, tectorium, sometimes tecto- 
 rium opus (most gen. term; more freq. 
 however denoting an ornamental kind 
 of p., adapted to receive colour : Vitr. 
 7 ?, 7): to lay on p., t. inducere, Cic. 
 V-rr. 2, I, 55, extr.: Vitr. ; Plin. ; baths 
 coatfd with common p., balnea gregali t. 
 inducta. Sen. Ep. 86, 8: oft. pl.:=p.- 
 s6o 
 
 uvrk, Plin. j6, 2}, 55 : Vitr. 2. 
 
 albarium, with or without opus (jreade 
 of pure lime, ivell steeped, maceratum) : 
 Vitr. 7, 2 : Plin. 1. c. 3. arenatum 
 (lime and sand), marmOriitum (lime 
 and crushed marble) : Plin. 1. c. ; Vitr. 
 4. cypsuiu (<* kind of plaster of 
 fans): Plin. !6, 24, 59 (where its com- 
 position is given). Made of such /)., 
 gypseus : Spart. Sev. 22 (Victorlae gyp- 
 seae, figures of victory in p.) : or, e 
 gypso" factus. ||. V \ Z-, m^re outside : 
 tectorium: Pers. 5, 24: Aug. |||, 
 
 Medical : emplastrum ; Cels. 5, 272 ; 
 PJin. 
 plaster (.^■') ■• I. ^« bmUlei-s do : 
 
 I, induco, xi, ctum, j ;to lay on ; 
 hence with cu;c. and dat. : also, wiih ace. 
 and abl. = to cover with plaster) : v. 
 preced. art. init. 2. trullisso, i 
 (roughly ; with troicel-work) ; Vitr. 7, 
 i, i- 3. Kypso, I (with plaster of 
 Faris) : Col. Hence as culj., gypsatus ; 
 of which Cic. has superl. gypsatlssimus, 
 completely p.' d over: Fani. 7, 6. ||, 
 To coat thickly : lino, illTno, coUino, 
 
 etc. ; V. TO BESMEAR, COVER. 
 
 plaster of Paris : v. plaster (1. 4). 
 
 plasterer: 1. tector; Vitr. 7, j, 
 10: Cic. 2. albarius: Imp. Cod.; 
 Inscr. in Forcell. 
 
 plastic: plasticus (Gr. TrAocrTtKo?' 
 pertaining to the moulder's art) : Vitr. 
 I, I, I ; ; also needful as art term, in 
 wider sense. (Or expr. by circuml.: v. 
 
 to mould, FORM.) 
 
 plat : of ground, v. plot. 
 
 platane : v. plane. 
 
 plate (subs.) : I. A thin layer of 
 metal: 1. lamina, sync, lamna: a 
 metal p. with an inscription was found, 
 inventa est 1., et in ea scriptum. . ., Cic. 
 Leg. 2, 2}, 58 ; red hot p.s (used in the 
 torture), 1. ardentes, id. Verr. 5, 6?, i6} : 
 to draw ( make) thin p.s of silver, 1. 
 (ex argento) ducere, Plin. j j, 9, 45. 2. 
 bractea (very thin leaf; used in plating 
 goods): Lucr. : Virg.: v. leaf (ill.); 
 and plated. Dimin., bracteola, Juv. 
 
 II. Wrought silver and gold : 1. 
 argentum (used so as to comprehend 
 goUl as well as silver vessels, cf. Cic. de 
 Or. I, }$, 162, proposito argento, referring 
 to the entire service of such utensils in a 
 wealthy house) : plain opp. to chased p., a. 
 purum (opp. caelauim), Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 
 49: cf. ib. 2J, 52 ; also, Plin. Ep. j, i, 9, 
 apponilur coena. . . in argento puro el 
 antiquo: to use earthenware as if it 
 were p., fjctilibns sic uti quam argento, 
 Sen. Ep. 5, 5. 2. ^'asa argentea 
 (aurea) : Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 1 16 (where 
 gen. pi. vasorum argenteorum occuis) ; 
 Hor.: cf. ib., vasa magnifica et pretiose 
 caelata: also, Corinthia (sc. v&ssjl), chased 
 p., Plin. Ep. 1. c. (avoid supellex argentea ; 
 supellex being projjerly exclusive of 
 plate). 3, toreuma, atis, n. (any 
 chased, embossed work = caelatum opus) ; 
 Sail. Cat. 20 : Cic. |||. A platter : 
 
 i. catillus ; to dine out of a ivooden 
 p., ligneis c. coenare, Val. Max. 4, }, 5 : 
 Hor. 2. patella; Hor. Ep. i, 5, 2 
 (nee modica coenare times olus omne 
 patella, unless the word there = disA) : 
 Mart. IV. l^sed for engraving : "la- 
 mina: Kr. : Ern. : etc. The picture 
 itself, is pictura ; or more exactly, imago 
 [aeneae, etc.] laminae ope descripta, 
 expressa ( Kr.). 
 
 plate («•) ■■ P h r. : to p with silver, 
 *argei)to inducere; aeri (stanno, etc.) 
 bracteam argenteam inducere (v. to 
 overlay) ; to p. a vessel with iron, 
 *navis latera ferreis laminis munire, 
 flrniare. 
 
 plated (ddj.) : bracteatus : Sid. Fig.: 
 of that which is unreal : p. (tinsel) hap- 
 piness, b. felicitas. Sen. Ep. 11;, 9. 
 
 platform: suggestus,iis; suggestum, 
 i : to mount a p., a. ascendere, Cic. Div. 
 I, 54, 124 (neut. form) ; to utter anything 
 on a p., aliquid pro suggestu pronuntiare, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, J : Liv.; Tac. (The abl. 
 form in -u seems to be preferred.) See 
 
 also STAGE. 
 
 platinum : *piatinum (t. t). 
 Platonic: *l'latomcus: Plin.: Gell. 
 
 Platonism : *doctrina *. ratio Pla 
 tonica. (Not Platonismus.) 
 
 Platonist : (philosophus) Platoni 
 cus ; Gell. The f.s, illi a Platone, Cic 
 Mur. JO, 6j. 'Or expr. by verb, qui 
 Platonem sequunlur, etc.) 
 
 platter : patella v. plate. 
 
 plaudit : usu. pi., plaudits : 1. 
 plausus, us (applause expressed by clap- 
 piny): Cic; Quint. ; V. APPLAUSE. 2, 
 clamor (loud acclamations) : to speak 
 tcith tlie loud p.s of the people, (cum) 
 magno c. populi loqui, Cic. Fam. 12, 7 ; 
 often pi. : to draw forth loud p.a, 
 magnos c. efticere, id. de Or. i, jj, 152 : 
 cf. Phaedr. 5, 5, 28, movere plaasus et 
 ciamores suscitare. (N.B. — Acclamatio 
 in Cic denotes shouts of disaj^oval.) 
 Phr.: to bestow p.s, plaudere ; esp. as 
 the closing word of a play, plaudite ! 
 give your p.s I Ter. 
 
 plausibility : nearest word, proba- 
 bilitas ; or more exactly Cf ptiosa proba- 
 bilitas (probability calculated to ensnare 
 or deceive), Cic. Fin. i, 21,72: v. pro- 
 
 BABILITT. 
 
 plausible: nearest word, pr6babilis, 
 e: a p. (false") story, pr. mendacium, 
 Liv. 40, 29 : these argumatts are very p., 
 * pr. haec in sppciem argumenta sunt : 
 V. PROBABLE. Phr.: to be p., *speciem 
 probabilitatis prae se ferre: cf preced. 
 art. (Speciosus = mafcinp a fair show 
 thus speciosile causae, in Cic. Att. 16, 7, 
 fin., are respectable, presentable reasons, 
 not ignominious ones.) 
 
 plausibly : prSbablUter (not in itself 
 at all implying deception) ; to argue p., 
 p. argumenlari, Liv. ij, 28, med. : v. 
 PROBABLY. Phr.: to speak p., *ciim 
 quadam veri similitudirie loqui ; speciem 
 vere sincereque loquentis prae se ferre. 
 
 play (subs.): I. Beireation in 
 
 general ; 1. ludus (the proper word 
 to denote play as opp. to work) to en- 
 gage in exe>-cise and p. in the campus, 
 exercitatione l.que campestri uti. Cic. 
 Coel. 5, init. : v. game. 2. liisus, us 
 (act of playing) : to give children ivory 
 letters by way of p., (infantibus) eburneas 
 litterarum formas in lusum offerre,yuiiit. 
 1,1,26. (Not in Cic.) 3. very often 
 expr. by liido, si, sum, j (to be at p.) : 10 
 be ivith children wtten at p., *pueris lu- 
 dentibus (dum ludunt) adesse ; v. to 
 play. II, Mere p., as easy as p. • 
 ludus (Qr. TraiSia) ; Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72. 
 
 III. Gaming: alea; v. gambling. 
 
 IV. Free action: Phr.; afield in 
 which eloquence may have full p, 
 campus in quo possit exsultare oratio, 
 Cic. Ac. 2, J5, init.: cf. (^int. 2, 17, i, 
 exspatiari et indulgere voluptati ; his 
 powers had not free p. owing to the nar- 
 rowness of tlte subject, *in tantis rerum 
 angustiis parum libere movebatur ani- 
 mus atque ingenium. V- Movem,ent, 
 esp. of a quick or graceful kind : ar- 
 giitiae, arum : (quick) play of features, 
 a. vultus, Plin. J5, 10, j6 $ 67 (in Cic 
 Or. 18, 59, argutiae digitorum, denotes 
 undignified gesticulation with the fin- 
 gers) : cf. Quint. II, J, 181, quare neque 
 in gestu persequemur omnes argutias, 
 i. e. ei'ery kind of p. of feature and per- 
 son. P h r. : to make use of p. of hands 
 or features, varias nianus, diversos nutus 
 adhibere. Quint. I.e.: cf. ib. } 184. actio 
 paulio agitation i. e. a delivery marked 
 by much gesticulation, OT play of the fea- 
 tures and person ; p. of colours : v. i kide- 
 .scence. VI. ^ theatrical piece : fabula: 
 to have a p. acted (teach the actors their 
 parts), f. docere, Cic. Br. 18, 72 : also, f. 
 dare, id. Tuse. 1, 1, }: to act a p.. f. 
 agere, 'I'er. Ad. prol. 12; to the end, 
 f. peragere, Cic. Sen. 19, 70; a p. succeeds 
 or is damned, f. stat, cadit, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 1,176. Z)t7)un., fabella, a sftort p.: Cic. 
 Also the specific terms, tragoedia, com- 
 oedia, etc., may be used when needful : 
 
 V. TRAGEDY, COMEDY, etC. VH. '" 
 
 phr. fair play : Phr.; to see fair p., 
 *videre ne quid malitiose (dolo roalo) 
 fiat ; prospieere ut omnia ex aequo et 
 bono flant (cf. Cic. Caec. 2}, 65, ex 
 aequo et bono non ex callido versuto- 
 que jure rem judicari oportere) ; fair
 
 PLAY 
 
 PLEAD 
 
 PLEA SAN THY 
 
 p. is a jewel, •nihil aequo et bono anti- 
 quius! 
 
 play (*'•)•■ I. To take recreation : 
 Ifido, si, sum, j with cM. of thv game 
 played: to p. at ball, pi la I., Hor. S. i, 
 5,49: Cic. To p. odd and even, 1. par 
 impar. Suet. Aug. "ji./tn.: Hor. Coiiii). 
 coUudo, J (to p. icitli) : Hor. A. P. 1 59. 
 
 II, To fxdic, yambol. 1. ludo, } : 
 Vlrg. G. 1, j6!. 2. lasclvio, 4 (ol 
 animals, gamtjiiling about) ; v. to KRr.-sK. 
 
 III. Tu p. games of hazard: al>-atu 
 exereCre : v. td gamble. |V. On a 
 musical instrument: 1. cSnu, cCiini, 
 cantum, j : to p. on a stringed imtru- 
 ment: (idibus tanere, Cic. I)lv. 2, 59. 
 122 ; on tlie Jlute, libiis c, Id. de Or. 2, 
 8}, 3 }8. Also, (libiis) cantare, Nep. pief. 
 init. (where the re!, is to Uieprw.tice 0/ 
 playing, not a single perjormance) : 
 PI. 2. mOdiilor, 1 (rhylhmually, 
 tunefully , chiefly pjet.) : Ui p. tun-s 
 upon an oaten pipe, camiina avena ni„ 
 Virg. E. 10, 51 : p. part, in pass, sense, 
 Hor. Od. I, ?2, ;. other poet, exprr. 
 are, (ciihara)pcrs{)no, Virg. Aen. i, ■;4i ; 
 insdnu (calanits), Ov. M. 11, 161. Phr. . 
 to teach any one top. on a striiiged in- 
 strument, fidibus docc-re aliquem (sc. 
 canere), Cic. Fam. 9, 22 : see also fi.utk, 
 LYBE, etc, V. ^" "■ theatrical piece ; 
 Phr.: to p. a Comedy of Menander, 
 Menandri [comoedlam] agere, Ter. Eun. 
 prol. 19 : top. (the part of) a parasite, 
 parasitum agere, id. Heaut. prol. }■; to 
 p. the principal part, primaspartesagere, 
 id. Ph. prol. 27 : also, esse primarum 
 partium (^= to be the lending actor, pro- 
 tagonist), Cic. D'w.YeTT 15.48: top. a 
 second part (" second fiddle "), in fig. 
 sense, secundas {sc. partes) ferre, Hor. S. 
 1 , 9, 46 . not to p. the part of a sooe- 
 reign, but rf a servant, non principeni 
 sed ministruni agere, Suet. Ci- 29, init. 
 Compare the expr. personam (partes) 
 tneri, sustinere (to sustain a certain 
 character) i v. part (HI). See also 
 TO FEIGN, PRETEND. V|, To trijie : 
 liido, illudo, J . V. TO mock, thifi.e wrru. 
 
 VII. In phr. to J). a<n<;fe ; ludilicur, 
 
 1 . V. TO FOOL. P h r. : ire must p. off a 
 trick upon the old gentleman, inten- 
 denda in senem est fallacia, Ter. Heaut. 
 J, 2, 2 : cf. emungere (lit. to v-ipe a 
 man's nose for him ,• implying that he 
 is a fool), Hor. A. P. 2?8 to p. off a 
 nice trick on any one, egregle alicui im- 
 ponere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, med. ; Ter. : v. 
 
 TRICK. 
 
 play -bill ; nbellus (gen. term) Cic. 
 Ph. 2, 58, init. (1. gladiatorum). 
 fellow: perh. coUiisor: Cic. Ph. 
 
 2, J9, loi ^=fell'jw-gamiler'), 
 player: I. ''" the stage: histrio, 
 
 actor, etc. : v. actor. ||. At liazard : 
 aleator: v. gambler. |||, On an in- 
 ttrument : Phr.- to be a good p. on the 
 flute, tibiis (tibia) scienter (scite) can- 
 tare, Nep. pref. init. A p. on the lute, 
 fidicen ; on the flute, tibicen, etc. : v. 
 LUTE, etc. 
 
 playful : 1. lascivus {frolicsome ; 
 full of animal spirits and joijousness) : 
 a p. kid, L capella, Virg. E. 2, 64 p. 
 words bei-ome one at play, ludentem 
 lasciva (verl)a) decent, Hor. A. P. lo"). 
 Join: 1. et liilare, Quint. 6, ?, 27. In 
 p. humour, ludibundus : Liv. 24, 16 : 
 Suet. 2. J5c6sus {mirthful, sportive) : 
 V, SPORTIVE, SIERUV. (Ludicer. era, 
 crum =. r«/<i(i)i^ to spnit or games, esp. 
 of a public Iciiid , also, serving for re- 
 erfotion.) Phr. to indite p. slraitis. 
 ludere, Virg. E. i, 10 : a p. writer, 
 'scriptor hilaris et ludo facetiisque 
 plenus. 
 
 playfully: jficoiie (in playful, sport- 
 ive hum/Hir) : Cic. y. l-r. z, 12, i Hor. 
 
 playfulness: lasclvia: p (gambi'ls) 
 of fshes, L piscium, Pac. in Cic. l)iv. i, 
 14. .loin: lusus et lascivia, Liv 1,5; 
 hilaritaS; lascivia, risus jocus, Cic. I- in. 
 2, 20, 65. In p., ludibundus : v. play- 
 ful. P h r. : he has a remarkahle liveli- 
 ness and p. of styh; *insigiii est hiiari'ale 
 ac festivitate orationis ; omnia hilar! 
 quadani fe.stivitate ar lepore tractat. 
 
 playground : perh. area (any open 
 
 space), cf. Hor Od. i, 9, 18 more pre- 
 cisely, area lu.soria or ludicra or even 
 lusoriuni. cf. I.dmpr. Heliog. 25. May 
 often be expr. by liido ■ the diaracters of 
 cliildren come out in the p., mores (puer- 
 orum) se Inter ludendum delegunt, 
 Quint. I, }, 12 . to be with pufrils in the 
 p., *ludentibus discipulis adesse it ii 
 important Jor boys to have a roomy p., 
 •magiiopere interest ut pueris laxus sit 
 locus in quo ludant. 
 
 playhouse; v. theatre. 
 
 plaything: a-^u. p/. .- 1. joculi, 
 orum (v. rare): the p.s which the girl 
 usird to amuse herself vith, quibus ea 
 Virgo j. delectabatur. Vitr. 4, i, 9. 2. 
 lollect. lusfls instrunientuin ; instrix- 
 mentum lusorium (as pila lusoria is a 
 hall to play with, Pliii. 7, 56. 57 J 205); 
 v. implement. Phr.: to give childien- 
 inny letters as p.s, (pueris) eburneas 
 litterarum formas in lusum offerre, 
 yuint. I, I 26. (Crepundi.i, oruin, in 
 this sense is more than doubtful : in PI. 
 Cist. 4, I, 4, and in Cic. Br. 91, init., it 
 denotes an amulet, ring, or otiier mark 
 of identificatitm i7i an infant.) 
 
 playwright : "labularum scriptor. 
 To be a clever p., •labiilus >cite pangere 
 (componere). 
 
 plea : I. -f" '«"' • 1. exceptio 
 
 (legal term, denoting the mirious excep- 
 tions or grounds of defence for tlie 
 defendant, which uxre stated in the 
 praetor's edict) : p.s decisive or dilatory, 
 ex. peremptoriae aut dilaloriae, Gai. 4, 
 1 20 : to enter a p. against any one, ex. 
 objicere alicui, ib. I2! : a p. tvhich at 
 first sight appears well-founded, ex. quae 
 prima fade Jusia vldetur, ib. j 126: to 
 allow a p., ex. dare, Cic. de Or, 1, i^, 
 168 • V. U. cc. 2, ratio (reason, 
 
 ground: i. e. the justijication of one's 
 conduct in a criminal case): Cic. Inv. 
 I, ij, 18 (where the plea instanced is 
 that of juftiliable homicide) : Quint. 
 II. Kxcuse: excQsatio- v. excu.ne. 
 Phr.: to be excused on the p. of health, 
 morbi caus^ oxcusari, Cic, Att. 12, I? ; 
 / slated my p. of- excuse, dixi cur ex- 
 cusarus abirem, Hor. Ep. I, 9, 7. ||| 
 Pretext : q. v. 
 
 plead : I. '/'" enter a plea iti 
 
 court: 1, expr. by exceptio (v. PLEA, 
 1.) : cf Gai. 4, 119, sic exceptio conci- 
 pitur, i. e. the defendant must p. as 
 jollows (inserting a certain excepiU' in 
 the formula acilonis, the effect of which 
 is to enter a defence in law"): it is ii- 
 
 wimissible to p non habet locum 
 
 exceptio, ib. § 122 : to allow a jterson to 
 
 p , ex. alicui dare, Cic. de Or 1, 57, 
 
 168. (N.B.— Only in a civU case.) 2. 
 in a criminal case . defendo, di, sum, j : 
 to p. suffcient justification for what is 
 done (as in homicide), recte ac jure fac- 
 tum esse (ahquid) d., Cic. Mil. j. 8 : he 
 p.'d that Ive had (only) carried out the 
 sovereign's pleasure, ille princilii (se) 
 paruisse detendebat, Tac. A. I}, 4J- 
 Gell. 3. causor, i . v. infr. (111). 
 Also simply, dico. j : cf. Quint. 5, 11, 4, 
 Orestes matrcm occidit. . . .(licit se juste 
 Tecisse, he p.s justifiable homicide. Phr.: 
 top. not guilty, facium negare, Cic ^lil 
 1. c. : Quint, 1. c 5 lo- to p. a second 
 justification of matricide, alteram 
 matiis necatae causam affVrre, ib. ^ 6. 
 II. To cimdiwt a case in court : L 
 oro, I (denoting the functitm of the 
 pUader generaUy, tiot with rff. to a 
 particular case) : no one ever p d a 
 cause better, nemo unquam melius cau- 
 sam oravit, Cic. Br. 12. 47 cf. Virg. 
 Aeu. 6, 849. (alii) orabuntcausas melius . 
 the art of p.i7ig causes, orandi scieiitia, 
 Quint I, 10, 2. Comp. pCroro. i (to p. 
 throughout, to finisli p.ing) : the cause 
 of I'. Sextius has been fully p.'d by Q. 
 Hortensius, a Q. Horteiisio causa est P 
 Sextii perorata, Cic. Sext. 2, init.: I.iv. 
 2. dico. xi, cluni, j (the usu. word 
 foT p.ing a particular caiife) : to p. one's 
 cause, causam d, Caes. B G. 1,4: cf. 
 Cic. Coel. 29. 70, dicta est a me rausa et 
 perorata Liv. 3. igo, egi, actum, 
 
 } : with at-c. causam, referring to the 
 entire co^iduct of a case i7i court : cf. 
 1 
 
 Cic. oe Or. 2. 48.extr., apud quoe Judlow 
 causa agebatur, tlie judges before uAom 
 t/«! case wot being p.'d (= tried). Fre- 
 quent, actiio, I . he p.'d many private 
 causes, multas privatas causas aciitavit, 
 Cic. Br. 70, 246. Pbr.: one vho has 
 had much to do with p.ing. homo in 
 causis uultum exercitatns, verr.atu,s cC, 
 Cic. Qulnu I, J to hare no practice in 
 p.ing, nihil in caiisi.'- ver,-ari, id. Br. 70, 
 247 • he uas always ready to p. thr 
 causes of his friends. In suoruin ne- 
 cessariorum Ciiusis niinquam dtfuit, ib. 
 } 24s : to p. in defence of any one, de- 
 lendere v. to nEFEsn. |||, 'lo urije 
 an excuse : 1. exciiso, i : v. to ex- 
 cuse. 2. causor, I to p lU-health, 
 valetudinem c. (aL excusare), Liv. jj 
 8, med. : they p.'d the consent of tin: 
 tenaCe, cons«n8um Patrum cau.*«banlur, 
 id. }, 64, init. ■ Ov. 3. obtendo. di, 
 tum, J (implying UicU the alUged r^-ason 
 is but a prelrxt) : to plead a jutlificatum 
 for baseness, ratioiiem turpitudiiii ob.. 
 Plin. 8, 6, 15. IV. To supplicate 
 
 earnestly : obsecro, dlprgcor, etc : v. to 
 entreat. 
 
 pleader : 1. orator (strictly, a 
 pleadfrr of causes : more freq. used to em- 
 brace the entire field of oratory) : tf. Cit, 
 de Or. I, 4, 14, .'■57 ; Quint i, 10. 2, sqq. 
 (in which latter place, the province of 
 the orator is indicated by the words, ad 
 agendam causam dicendamve senten- 
 tiam). 2. expr. by causas orare. 
 
 dicere . to tie an excellent p., causas 
 optime orare, dicere v. to plead (II.). 
 3. causidlcus (o mere p. : a term 
 usu. implying some contempt) : cf. Cic, 
 de Or. I. 46, 202, non rausidicus nesdv 
 quis, neque proclamator, ant rabula. 
 etc. ; and Quinu 12, i, 25 (where similar 
 lang. is used) : Juv. 4. actor (sc. 
 causae): Cic. Div, Verr., init. See also 
 advocate. 
 
 pleading (siibs.) .- expr. by verb : v. 
 TO plead. The p. of a cause, dictio 
 causae, Cic. Quint. 10, jj. 
 
 pleasant ; I. Agreeable .- l. 
 jQcundus (pleasing, gratifying). Cic. 
 Manil. init.: Caes.: water p. to drink. 
 aqua potui j., P!in. 6, J2, 37 2, 
 
 ami>enus (to the eye, esp of landscape 
 scenery) : p., luxurious regions, loca a., 
 voluptaria. Sail. Cat. 11 Cic : v. de- 
 lightful. yeut.pl. as subs. : p. regions 
 of tlie coast, amoena hltorum, Tac. H. j, 
 
 76. 3 griitUS V. AGREEABLE. ||. 
 
 Humorous, facetious facetus, urbanus 
 v. HUMOROUS, WITTY |||. Affable, 
 
 speaking so as to give pleasure : blaudtu 
 (smooth-sj>eeched) : Nep Ale I . Cic. 
 
 pleasantly . I. Agreeably, en- 
 
 joyably : 1, jiicundS toe prolonged 
 supper right p., prorsus j, produximas 
 coenam, Hor. S. I, 5,7o; to live p, J. 
 viver?, Cic. Coel. 6, i ?. 2. suaviter 
 (very p., delightfully) : (Sc Ac. 2, 45, 
 I )9 : a smell p. strong, odos s. gravis, 
 Plin. 25, 9, 70. 3. amoene (sirictly, 
 of situation, etc.) : to live m a house most 
 p. situated, amoenissime habuare, Plin. 
 Ep. 4, 2} : Pi MIL 252 (ol sviell). 
 II, Amusingly, J acetinusl y : J6c0s4, 
 festive, facete v, jocosELv. humok- 
 
 OUSLT, WITTILY 
 
 pleasantness; |. Enjoyablenets : 
 1. jiicuiiditaB : the p oj life (its 
 enjoyments), J vitie, Cic Fin. I, 18, 59 • 
 p. and clearness of roicr, vocls j, clari- 
 tasque. Quint. 6, prooem. J 11. 2. 
 suavitas (charniingness, ifl ightfulvess) : 
 Cic. de Or, j, 11, 42 (of roice and utter- 
 ance): Plin. mir. 3. iimoenitas (of 
 places): v. lo\ elise.ss (3). ||. Of 
 manner, grace and affability : 1. 
 
 lepos, oris : obnunding in p. and grace, 
 affluens omni L ac venustate, Cic. Verr 
 5. 54- .''" 2. festlvltas • plk-a- 
 
 SANTBY. 
 
 pleasantry : 1. fesUvitas . to 
 excel all in p. and humour, f. et facetiia 
 omnibus praesUire, Cic Br. 48. ii-". 
 Join (also): lepos et fes'iviLis. id. de 
 Or. 2, 56, 227. 2. Hiccciae, arum- v 
 ART, HIMOUK. 3. Ifpo*. oris '^grace 
 and ditf'i'-'"re humour) : thr refined p. of 
 the orator, not of Uie buffoon urbani- 
 <6i
 
 PLEA SE 
 
 PLEDGE 
 
 PLEURIST 
 
 tatiB oratorius non scuirilis 1., Id. Br. 38, 
 f.n. : cf. supr. ( 1 )• I'o indulge in p., 
 jocari, ludere : v. to joke. 
 please: I. ^o ffi^ pleasure: 
 
 1. pliceo, 2 (m"St gen. term: wiih 
 tUlt.):'ler.: Cic: H..r. (^xx*.'.). Top. 
 greatly, perplaceo, 2 (rare ; : Cic. Ait. j, 
 2t. 2. del cto, I (stronger than 
 placeo: withu'C): v. to di light. 3. 
 arrideo, Bi, sum, 2 (with dal.: rare): 
 Cic. Att. 14, 21 (illud tiium, qui^d valde 
 mitii arriserat, vebenienter displicet) : 
 Hor. S. I, 10, 89. (N.B.— An expr. best 
 confined to familiar language.) 4. 
 expr. by grams, acceptus, curdi, with 
 
 sum: V. AOBEKABLl':, PLEASING. ||. 
 
 To meet Vie ivishrs of, be agreeable to : 
 1. videlur, visum est, 2 (to seem 
 goodtn: with dat.) : ij it p.s (you), \. e. 
 if you like, si videtur, Cic. Ac. I, 9, ?5 : 
 Caes. : V. TO sekm. 2. plairt, i (es-p. 
 to expr. formal resolutums of delibera- 
 tive iMdies) : it p.d (was the pleasure of) 
 the Senate, Seuatui placere, Cic. I'h. 11, 
 12, }0: Caes.: Sail. 3, llbet, 2: v. 
 irifr. (IV.). In making a request, pfea«e. 
 if you p., sis (= si vis), Ter. Euii. 2, 
 i, 19 : in sim. sense, but stronger, 
 amabo (te) = / shaU be obliged tn you 
 (parenthetically): p. take care of my 
 Cicero, cura amabo te, Ciceronem meum ! 
 Cic. Att. 2, 2 : Ter. |||. To give 
 satisfaction to ; 1, expr. by prObo, 
 apprbbo, I (gain approval^) : / am not 
 afraid that my labours ivill fail to 
 p. M. Servilius, non vernor ne M. Ser- 
 vilio ofiBcium meum pri.bem, Cic. Verr. 
 4, J8, 82 ; he passed through his term 
 of apprenticeship in the art of tear 
 to as to p. Suetonius PauUinus, prima 
 castrorum rudimenta Suetonio Paul- 
 lino approba\ it, Tac. Agr. 5 : so, se 
 probare (approbare) : Cic. Lig. i, 2. 
 2. gralificor, i : v. to gkatifv. 
 Phr. :'<o be p.d uith oneself, sibi pla- 
 cere, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15- IV. ^^ 
 be disposed: 1. expr. by llbet, 
 llbuit and libitum est, 2 (with dat.) : 
 do as yiM p., facite quod vobis libet, 
 Ter. Ad. 5, 9, J4: if you p. {if you 
 choose), si libet, Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 4? : as 
 ymt p., ut libet, Ter. Ht-aut. 4, 4, 16. 
 
 2. volo, t,irr. : v. TO wish. Esp. 
 in conir. forms, sis ( ^ si vis), like our 
 please : v. supr. II., I'm. 
 
 pleasing {idj.) :' |. Gratifying : 
 
 I. gratu> (0/ a nature to please) : 
 to believe anything to be p. to the gods, 
 aliquid diis g esse ducere, Cic Rep. }, 
 a : Caes. Join: grains acceptusque, 
 Nep. Haim. 7. Very p., pergratus 
 ( = gratissimus) : Cic. 2. acceptus: 
 
 V. ACCEPTABLK, FAVOURITE. 3. eXpr. 
 
 by dat. cordi (lit. to the heart) : and 
 tliat his punishment had not been p. to 
 the gods, nee diis cordi fuisse poenam 
 ejus, Liv. 6, lo.extr. : a torrent of words 
 it p. til others, flumen veiborum aliis c. 
 est, Cic. Or. i6, 5? : Ter. To be p., 
 placere, arridere (colloq.) : v. to please. 
 
 II. f 'harming, graceful and agree- 
 able : ' lepidus : of a p. and ladylike 
 figure, lorma 1 el liberali, PI. Ep. I, I, 
 41 : V. gkacekul, charjiing. 
 
 pleasurable : Jiicundus ; nonnihil 
 jucundit^iiis habens: v. pleasant. 
 
 pleasurably : v. pleasantly. 
 
 pleasure: \. Delight, enjoyment: 
 1. vSluptas (eiiher in good or bad 
 sense ; but when standing alone, esp. in 
 pi., usu. of senSMilgratifiCiition) : Ijodily 
 {sensual) p.. corporis v., Cic. Sen. 12, 39 
 (by no means, volup'as corporea, nor 
 even, v. corporalis ; though the latter 
 adj. is useil = corporis in later writers ; 
 as Sen.: Gell.): to derive {very) great 
 p. from any circumstance, magnam, in- 
 credibllem t. ex aliqua re capere, Cic 
 Fam. 3, 2, extr. : ib. 5, "J. etc also, v. 
 percipere ex aliqua re, id. de Or. i, 44, 
 197 and stronger, voluptate perfundi 
 (absol.), id. Br. 50, 188: a highly ref, red 
 p., V. humanlssima, id. Ac. 2, 41, 127 
 obscene (Jascimms) p.s, v. obscaenae 
 (=libidiMe»), id. Tusc. ;, 3?. 94- 2. 
 j^imditiis {enjoyment ; not implying 
 any vice or excess) : In unbend and take 
 one's p., relaxare animos et dare se ju- 
 562 
 
 cunditati. id. GIT. i, 34. '22- Relating 
 to p., voluptarius : a man of p., homo 
 v., id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18 : arguments in 
 favour of p., dispulationes v., id. de Or. 
 3, 17, 62. II, (Iratificalion, satis- 
 
 faction : expr. by gratus: you v-ill gire 
 us VI ry great p., if...., gratissinium 
 
 nobis fiHeris,si Cic. Sen. 2, 6 : Caes. 
 
 (Also, for gratum aliquid faiere, gra- 
 lifieari : v. to gratifv.) |||. Will, 
 
 liking: 1, arhitfrnm {authority that 
 is beiiond dispute): not at the dictate 
 if another, but at their {the Roman peo- 
 ple's) oun p., non ad alterius praescrip- 
 tum, sed ad siium a., Caes. B. G. I, 36: 
 on their oin accmnt and at thtir onn 
 p., suo nomine et a., ib. 7. 75 : Hor. 
 Join: (alicujus) nutu et arbitrio, Cic. 
 R. Am. 45, i?i. 2. libido, inis, /. 
 
 {mere liking or caprice) : Cic: Sail.: v. 
 CAPKICK, FANCY (11. 5). 3. fxpr. by 
 such verbs as, volo, Jubeo (these two 
 of I en in combination of the authoritative 
 decisions of the people of Rome) ; placet, 
 videtur : it was the p. of your anctst'irs 
 
 that majores voluerunt (with 
 
 ace. and inf.), Cic. Agr. 2, 1 1, 26 : tlie 
 question was put to the people, is it your 
 
 vill and p rogatus in haec verl)a 
 
 populus, velitis jubeatis Liv. 22, 
 
 10, etc. Cic. (cf. Juv. 6, 222, Hoc volo. 
 sic jubeo : sit pro ratione voluntas) : 
 such teas the p. {of tlie gods), sic placi- 
 tum (diis), Virg. Aen. i, 283: Hor.: if 
 such is your p. {if you uish ), si placet, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 44 : such was not the p. of 
 the gods, diis aliter visum, Virg. Aen. 
 2,428: Cic: v. to PLEASE (II ). (N.B. — 
 Placitum is not used as subs. = arbi- 
 trium : nor is the phr. ad bene placitum 
 supported by authority.) See also will, 
 
 INCLrNATION. 
 
 pleasure - grounds ; 1. ^orti, 
 
 ornni (" in plurali numero saepe, non 
 tamen semper, dicuntur de (is qui deli- 
 ciarum causa parantur" : Forcell. s. v.) : 
 cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 6, 15: Plin. Ep. 8, 18, II 
 (fuit tarn copiosus, ut amplissimos hortos 
 .. . instruxeritplurimisetantiquissimis 
 statuis). In this sense, esp. dimin. bor- 
 tuli, orum : Cic Off. 3, 14, S8. 2. 
 viridarium, or -iariirai {ground set with 
 trees for pleasure) : Cic. Att. 2, 3. 2 
 (where the pi. is used, as in Eng.) : Suet. 
 Tib. 60 (sing.). 
 
 plebeian {adj.): plebeius (both in 
 strict sense, relating to the plebs ; and 
 fig. =: low, vulgar) : distinguished and 
 honourable p. families, amplae et ho- 
 nestae tamiliae p., Cic. Mur. 7, i;: Liv. 
 Fig.: the p. {iiferior) philosophers, p. 
 philosophl, Cic. lusc. i, 23, S5. For fig. 
 sense, v. vulgar, mean (II.). ilie p. 
 order, plebs, plebis : v. foil. art. 
 
 plebeian {subs.) : j. a member 
 of the plebeian order at Home : 1, 
 plebeius (homo, etc.) : to elect no p. {as 
 consul), neminem plebeium creare, Liv. 
 6, 40, Jin. : Cic : the pi. can be used 
 without a subs.: cf. L. G. } 339, Obs. 2. 
 2. collect, the p.s, the plebeian order : 
 plebs or plebes, is (rarely -61), /. ; the 
 p.s seceded from the patricians, plebes a 
 patribiis secessit, Sail. Cat. 3 3 : so Cic. 
 Br. 14, 54 (where some edd. read plebs, 
 which became the more usual torm) ■ 
 Liv. II. In wider sense, a lou-lned 
 p-rson : homo sordidus (v. mean, adj. 
 il.); infimo loco natus, Cic. Kl. 11, init. 
 See also ignoule ; obscire ; lower 
 (11.). (Not homo plebeius, in this 
 sense.) 
 
 pledge {suhs.) : I. Something put 
 in pawn: pignus, 5iis and eris, «.: 
 Caes.: Dig.: v. pawn, mortgage. ||. 
 A securit;/ for something : 1. pignus: 
 
 to gire a great p. to any one that 
 
 inagiiuiii p. dare alicui (foil, by ace and 
 inf.), Cic. Ph. 1, 2, 4: he offered hif 
 hand as a p. of reconcilvition. dextram 
 recoiiciliatae graliae p. obtulit. Curt. 6, 
 7, exlr. : esp. a p. of love ; denoting 
 childi en or other near relatives. 0\ . M. 
 3, H4 (in apposition with natos na- 
 tasque) : Tic Ger. 7 (absol., in proximo 
 pigiiora = liberi, conjuges, etc.). 2. 
 
 arrha or arra, ae. /. ; arrhabo, onis, m. 
 (strictly, AN earnest, q. v. : also in gen. 
 
 sense) : Ter. Ileaut. 3, 3. 42 (v. Parry, 
 lid 1/). III. A solimn piomise: Phr.: 
 to take a p., obligare tideni suam, verbis 
 conceptis sese obligare or obstringere: 
 v. TO pi,ed<;e. 
 
 pledge ("■) •■ I. ''o P"l '" pawn : 
 expr. by oblige, 1 : v. to mortgage, 
 PAWN. II. To p. one.'^ilf ; i.e. to give 
 a solemn assurance on any point : 
 spondeo, re<ipio {to take the respansi- 
 Irility if anything onn onrself), piomitto, 
 etc.: V. TO ENGAGF„ Phr.: top.rme's 
 xrord, {idem suam obligare, Cic. Ph. 5, 
 18, fin.; obstringere, Plin. 7, 1, I : yon 
 may p. my services to thf people of Fir- 
 mum, Firmaiiis fidem meam obliga, 
 Plin. Ep. 6, 18, 2. 
 
 rledgee : v. mortgagee. 
 
 Pleiades : 1. Vergiliae. arum 
 
 (the true I .at. name of the constellation) : 
 the rising, setting of the P., V'ergiliarum 
 exortus, occasus, Va'^r. R. R. i, 28 : thiy 
 begin at the spring rising of the P.s, a 
 Vergiliis vends exortis incipiunt, ib. 2, 
 XI : Col.: Cic. N. 1). 2, 44, 112 (poet.). 
 2. Pleiadgs, urn, /. (Gk. nAclaSes" 
 hence by contr. 3syll - - - ; less freq. 
 4 syll., Pleiades, [Ion. = nArjiaSe?] 
 Virg. G. I, 138): Ov. F. 3, 105. Sing. 
 Pleias ( ), Virg. G. 4, 2}3- 
 
 plenary : plenus, i)erfectus : V. FULL, 
 
 COMPLETE. 
 
 plenipotentiary : legatus : gen. 
 term: cf Liv. 21, 6, where the legati 
 are described as possessing the fullest 
 powers: et pass. More precisely, "le- 
 gatus cui (ex Senatus auctoritate) libera 
 potestas permittitur (cf. Cic. in Vat. 15, 
 35) ; cui libere ad summam rerum con- 
 sulendi licentia permittitur (cf. Sail. Jug. 
 103 ; and Caes. B. C. 3, 51). (N.B.— Not 
 legatus cum auctoritate missus : cf. Cic. 
 Vat. I. c; and. Ph. 8, 8, 23 ; from which 
 passages it appears that eiery ambassador 
 carries with him the auctoritas of those 
 who commission.) 
 
 plenitude : plenitudo, plenitas : v. 
 
 FULNI-^SS. 
 
 plenteous : v. plentifui,. 
 
 plent&ul : 1. largus : thx sun 
 fills the earth with p. light, sol terras 1. 
 luce complet, Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 49 : Lucr. : 
 Virg. Join: largus et exundans, Juv. 
 2, copiosus (less freq. in this sense : 
 usu. = plentifully supplied, v. foil, 
 art.) : water sweet and p., liquor dulcis 
 et c, Phaedr. 4, 9, 7 : a p. stock of words, 
 c. verborum supellex, (^uint. 8, prooem. 
 } 28. 3. uber, gris (with the addi- 
 tional notion of productiveness and 
 richness) : p. harvests, u. frnges, Hor. 
 Od. 4, 1?, 5: must p. fruit, uberrimi 
 fructus, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156: cf. id. Q. 
 Fr. {, I, 2, aqua profluensetuber (where 
 irrigation is referred to) : Hor. See 
 also ABtTNiiANT. A p. Supply, (satis) 
 m:igna copia: v. plenty, abundance. 
 
 plentifully : 1. large : ac. : 
 
 Hor. (Less treq. largiter, PI. : Caes.) 
 Join: large et copiose, Cic. N. 1>. 1, 
 4-;, 121. 2. copiose: Cic. (v. supr.). 
 See also abunpantlv. 
 
 plentifulness : largitas : Qc. N. D. 
 
 2, &2, I 56. See also PLFNTT. 
 
 plenty : copia : Cic Par. 6, 2, 4'7 '■ P- 
 of milk, r. lactis, Virg. E. I, 82 Per- 
 sonified, Hor. Ep. I. 12. extr. See also 
 ABLNDANCE. Sometimes satis, with patt. 
 gen. may serve : p. of rioquence, little 
 ivisdum, satis eloquentiae, sapientiae 
 panim. Sail. Cat. 5. To have p. of any- 
 thing, aliundare, suppeditare, etc. : v 
 
 TO AIVJUND. 
 
 pleonasm ; plCona-smns (<ik. •n-Aeo- 
 racr/ios) : Mart. Cap.: written by Quint. 
 as Greek, and defined as, viiium adjec- 
 tionis, Inst, i, 5, 40 : jilso as, abundans 
 super necessitatem oratio, CaeciL ib. 9, 
 
 3, 46. Modem writers use, *abundantia 
 loquendi. 
 
 pleonastic: Phr.: the language is 
 p., supervaculs verbis oneratur oratio, 
 yuint. 8, 3, 53: or simply, •abundat 
 oratio : cf. preced. art. 
 
 plethora; pietuia: Veg. Vet. i, 35. 
 
 pleurisy : pleuri'is. idis, /. : Vitr. I, 
 6. 3 : in Cels., morbus qui jrAcuptTi<cb« 
 n'minatur, 4; 6. init- : or pure Lak
 
 PLEURITIC 
 
 I* L U N I> E R 
 
 PLURALITY 
 
 laterum doluns. id. ;, 28, 6. Suffering 
 from p., (lUuriticus: Plin. 2";, 4, ?. 
 
 pleuritic : pleuntlcus : V. preced. 
 art. 
 
 pliability : leii*^tia, lentor : Plin. : 
 v. Fi.ExiBLK. Or expr. by adj. : v. 
 
 PLIANT, FLEXIBLE. 
 
 pliable ( I. Easily bent : flexi- 
 
 pliant ( Wlis, fle.vilis, lentus, etc. • 
 V. FLEXIBLE. ||, Of tbe miiid <ir cha- 
 racter, easili/ iiijluenced -. 1. fle.xi- 
 bilis: Cic. Alt. 10, 11. (Or pxpr. by 
 fleclo : pliable as uax in the loa.v of 
 vice, cereus in vitlum flecti, Hur. A. V. 
 l6j : tender and unformed minds are 
 pliable, lacile flectuntur anlnii teneri et 
 rudes, cf. Cic. Leg. i, 17, fin.) 2. mollis, 
 e (soft.yieUiirig) : a p. and easily govern- 
 ed age, aeta.s m. et apta regi. Ov. A. A. 
 I, 10: so, molles anni, id. H. i, iii. 
 (fit. Cic. Att. I. IT, mollis animus et ad 
 8ccipiend:tm et ad diponendam aniiti- 
 tiam.) 3. niobilis, e : Vire. G. j. 
 165 (m. aetas) : but mobilis usu. refers 
 rather to quick changefulness than pli- 
 ancy. 
 
 plight (subs.): Phr. : in sorry p., 
 (inale)perditus, pe8simeornatus(facete): 
 PL: cf. male niulcatus, Phaedr. I, i, 9: 
 
 T. STATE, COKDITION. 
 
 plight (''■) •■ V. TO FLEDGE. 
 
 plinth : plinthus, i, m. and /. ; Vitr. 
 4, 7, J. Also, plinlbis, idis, /. (strictly, 
 dimin.): Id. 
 
 plod : Phr.: to p. on, •tardo gradu 
 sed coiitinenter ire, progredi. 
 
 plodding (o^J-) •• Phr.: a p. fellow, 
 •tardo quodam pertiuacique ingenio 
 homo (?). 
 
 plot (subs.) : I. Of ground : 1. 
 mSdus (agri) : Hor. S. 2, 6, i. 2. 
 igellus (a small farm, or fieUl) : Cic. 
 N. P. }, 35, 86. A good-sized p. of land, 
 aliquantum agri, id. OR. 1, \o, ;j. i|. 
 Deep scheme: 1. conjuraiio: v. con- 
 SPiRACV. 2. consilium (gen. term: 
 whereas conjiiratio implies the formal 
 banding together of amspirators) : par- 
 ties to a p., consilii panicipes. Sail. Cat. 
 17: V. SCHEME. III. Of a drama: 
 argiimentum (fabulaej; Ter. Ad. prol. 
 22: PL: Quint 
 
 plot (*'•) •' >• &• io scheme : 1. con- 
 jure, I : Sail. Cat. 18: Cic: v. to con- 
 spire. 2. molior, 4 (lo scheme and 
 contrive ; often in an undtrhand way) : 
 p.ing to seize the croii-n, moliens de regno 
 occupando, Cic. Rep. 2, 15 : Li v. Join: 
 struere et moliri [aliquid calamitatis 
 alicui], id. Clu. 64, init. See also to 
 
 CONTRIVE. 
 
 plotter : v. conspibator. 
 
 plough (subs.) : aralrum : Cic. : Virg. 
 Also by ineton. vomer, 6ris, m. (the 
 share) : Virg. Aen. 7, 798 (exercent 
 vomere coUes) : v. ploughshare. 
 
 plough ("•)•■ aro, I (boih with and 
 without object expr.): p. s<r!^)pe(/, nudus 
 ara, Virg. G. i, 299 : Cic. : et pass. 
 Fig. : to p. the sea, a. aquas, Ov. Tr. j, 
 12, j6: she p.s her brow vjith vrinkles, 
 frontem rugis arat, Virg. Aen. 7, 417. 
 Cmnps. (1). exaro, 1 (to p. up or out) : to 
 p. up burying/ grounds, sepulcra ex., Cic. 
 Leg. 2, 2?, 58; to p. up ground over 
 again, locum de iiitegro ex.. Col. 2, 18: 
 of. Varr. i, 10, jnyum. . .quod juncti 
 bovesunodieexarare possint (p.through- 
 out). (2). inaro, i (to p. in): to p. in 
 hean-stalks as manure, fabalia pro ster- 
 core in., Varr. R. R. 1, 2?, med.: Cato: 
 Plin. (3). circumiro, i (to p. round) : 
 Liv. Special terms are : proscindere 
 agn:m, to p. lightly, give land its "first 
 plOMghing ;" olTringere, to give it the 
 second ; and lirare, the third (see Co- 
 nington on Virg. G. i. 97) : add to these, 
 vervago, }, to p. up land tluit has lain 
 fallow : Col. II, 2, ad init. I' h r. : to p. 
 the sea, scindere freta, Ov. M. 11, 463; 
 secare, Virg. Aen. 10, 147: sulcare: v. 
 to furrow. 
 
 plough-boy: bubulcus: V. riouGK- 
 MAN. In tig, sense, agrestis: v. book- 
 ish. 
 
 horse : *equus (? caballns) ara- 
 
 tor: cf. l)os arator. Suet. Vesp. ;, med. 
 
 ploughing (subs.) : aratio Crare in 
 
 this sense) : Col. : Plin. (Usu. expr. by 
 verb ; V. to l-Uivr.H.) 
 
 plough-man: 1. bubulcus (qui 
 " inter arandum boves guberiiat," Gesn. 
 Lex. Rust.) : Col. 1, 9, init. : el pous. : 
 Varr. : Virg. 2. arator (in prose, 
 
 oftener = farmer, esp. on the public 
 lands) : Col. 1. c. ( — bubulcus) : Hor. 
 Od. I, 4, J. (N.B. — I hough bubulcus 
 strictly means the driver of a team of 
 ploiigh-tjxen, it is the proper word for 
 gen use.) 
 
 share: vomer (less freq. vOmis). 
 
 eris, m. : to turn vp the soil u-ith the p., 
 vomere versare bumum, Ov. A. A. i, 
 725 : to sink the p. but a very little 
 depth, tenui sulco imprimere v., I'lin. 
 
 17.17.4.5- 
 
 tail: stiva: Virg. 
 
 plover: *charadriiis (Linn.). 
 
 pluck (subs.) : 'viscera veterinaria. 
 For fig. sense, v. courage, .spirit. 
 
 pluck (".) ■• I. ^0 gather Howers, 
 fruit, etc. : 1. carpo, psi, ptuni, j ■ to 
 p. a rose, rosam c, Virg. G. 4, 1 J4 : Ov. : 
 Col. So, decerpo, j . to p. the fresh 
 flowers, novds d. fiores, Lucr. : Virg. : 
 Ov. 2. ISgo, J : v. TO gather (11.). 
 II, To strip off the feathers of birds, 
 etc. : vello, i, vulsum, i: to p. geese, 
 anseres v., Plin. 10, 22, 27 (also, plumam 
 [anserumj v.. Col. 8, ij) ; Suet. (Avi 
 peniias evellere, to p. out the u-ing 
 feathers or quUls: cf. Phaedr. i, }, 8.) 
 See also full. artt. 
 
 off : 1. avello, J : to p. off 
 
 unripe fruit from trees, poma ex arbori- 
 bus cruda a., Cic. Sen. 19, fm. 2. 
 deripio, ui, reptum, } (to tear or snatch 
 off : chiefly poet.) : Ov. : Hor. 
 
 out : 1. evello, }: to p. out 
 
 any one's tongue, linguam alicui e., Cic. 
 Sext. 28, 60 . to p. out hairs, capillos e., 
 Phaedr. 2, 2, 10. 2. erjpio, } : v. TO 
 
 TEAR OUT. 
 
 up: I. Lit. : 1. evello, 
 
 i : to p. (pull) up a tree, arborem e., 
 Liv. )i. 5, med. 2. eruo, i, iitum, }: 
 to p. up (a plant) by the roots, radicitus 
 e., Plin. 21, II, }6. ||. Fig. : I'hr. : 
 to p. up courage, ade.sse aninio (of more 
 than one, animis), Cic. Mil. 2, 4 (less 
 colloq. than Kng.) : animum (animos) 
 recipere a pavore (ajter being seized 
 vjith panic), Liv. 2, 50, fm. ; timorem 
 omittere, Cic. 1. c. 
 
 plug (subs.) : perh. obturaculmn, ob- 
 turamentum : v. .stopper. 
 
 plug (<-'•) •■ obturo, I : V. TO STOP rp. 
 
 plum : prunum (strictly, sloe ; but 
 used as generic term) : cf. Ov. M. i j, 8x7 
 (p. generusa) : Plin. The tree, prunus, i, 
 /. : Col. : Plin. A p.-cake, *placenta uvis 
 passis mixta. 
 
 plumage : pliimae, pennae : v. 
 
 FEATHER. 
 
 plumber : artifex plumbarius : Vitr. 
 8, 6(7), II. Also simply, plumbarius: 
 Wg- 
 
 plumb-line : v. plummet. 
 
 plume (subs.): penna: v. FEATHF.B. 
 As ornament for a helmet, crista, Virg. 
 Aen. J, 468 : Liv. 
 
 plume (^'O-' '^'- ""^ PRIDE (oneself). 
 
 plumelet: piuntila: PI. Am. prol. 
 14 J : Col. 
 
 plummet: 1. perpendtculum : to 
 examine columns by the p., columnas ad 
 p. exigere, Cic. Verr. 2, I. 5'. I J?: Vitr. 
 2, linea (strictly, the line, as per- 
 pendic'ulum, the lead). Join: perpen- 
 diculo et linea [uti], Cic. Q. Fr. }, l, ad 
 init. 
 
 plump ("'O)' nitidus (s?€ei) : Join: 
 pinguis et nitidus bene curata cute, Hor. 
 Ep. 1, 4, extr. : v. sleek. Phr.: uhat 
 makes you so p., unde sic nites? quo 
 cibo fecisti tantum corporis? Phaedr. 
 J, 7, 17) rt. 
 
 plumper : Phr.: to give a candi- 
 date a p., *uni soli ex candidatis suffra- 
 gan. 
 
 plumpness : ""tor (corporis) : Ter. 
 Eun. 2. 2, 10 {\\ Parry, ad 1.). 
 
 plumy : plumOsus : Prop. : Plin. 
 
 plunder (subs:.): |. in war or 
 open depredation : 1, praeda ( boo/y) ; 
 to carry off p. from a country, praedas 
 
 ex (agro) agere, SalL Jug. » ; p. faoere, 
 Ncp. Chab. 2 : Cic. 2. rSpina (act 
 
 of plundering) : v. pillage. K.irely = 
 prtveda: Virg. Aen. 8, 26 j (in pi.). To 
 live by p., (ex) rapto vivere . v. rob- 
 BEKr. Il, Stolen goods : furta, orum : 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, 171 : H>.r. 
 
 plunder ("•) •■ praedwr, i : v. to pil- 
 lage. Strii also to bob. 
 
 plunderer ; 1. praedator : Cic. 
 Cat. 2, 9, yin. 2. direptor (//I'Wap^r); 
 Cic. 1. c. in fig. seuse, expilator, fur, 
 etc. : V. thief, robber. 
 
 plundering (subs.) .- 1. rapina, 
 
 etc.. V. PILLAGE. 2. praedatio: VelL 
 2, 7?: Tac. 
 
 plundering (adf.) : l. praeda- 
 torius; p. S2"a'/(Y/nj, p. classes. Liv. 29, 
 28. 2. pracdabiindus (in the act of 
 plundering) : SaW. J \\^.()r>: Liv. (Also 
 praedator is u.sed adj. : Sail. Jug. 44, 
 exercitus, praedator ex sociis: L. G. ( 
 598.) 
 
 plunge (iJ.)- A. Trans.: |. 7\> 
 dip in II ater, etc. : mergo, si, sum, j : to 
 p. chickens in the vater, pullos in aquam 
 m., Cic. N. D. 2, ?, 7: foil, by sub and 
 abl. = to nhelm beneatit, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 542. Frequent, merso, i (to p. again 
 and again, as i7i sheep-iuashiny), id. G. 
 3,447. Comps. (1). iinmergo, j (more 
 f req. than simple verb in pre^ent sense) : 
 to p. the hands in lioiliny water, maiiut 
 in aqiiam ferventem i., I'lin. 28, h, 15: 
 Cic. Tim. u • less freq. with dot.: Ov.: 
 Plin. (2). demergo, j : with in and 
 ace., Lucr. 6. 149 : also aiH., Suet. Tib. i. 
 (3). submergo, } (to p. beneath, tu6- 
 »ier</e) : Virg. : Ov. ||. To thrust deep : 
 Phr.: to p. a sword into the bonelt, 
 demittere in ilia ferrum, Ov. M. 4, 119: 
 PI. : so, etiseni condere in pectore, Virg. 
 Aen. 9, J47 ; or with simple abl., Ov. M. 
 I !, 459 : also, recoiidere (to p. deep), 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 387 : Ov. (Not mergo in 
 this sense, unless as a strongly fig. expr. : 
 cf. Ov. M. 3, 249.) III. To bring into ; 
 esp. in such phrr. as to p. one's country 
 into war, perh. patriam bello illigare (to 
 entangle, involve), cf. Liv. 32, U,ad mid. 
 B. In trans.: |. Into mater, etc.: 
 
 expr. by mergo, immergo, demergo, with 
 pron. reft., also as refl.pass. : top. in the 
 sea ( = dive, of birds), se in mari mergere, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 49, init. : so, in aquam se 
 immergere, Plin. 1 1, 25. 30. (N.B.— The 
 ace. serves to indicat<; the act of plung- 
 ing into the uater ; the abL, the place 
 where it is done.) See also to divk. 
 
 II. Fig., to rush hadlong into 
 Phr.:' he p.d into the thick of the ene- 
 my's suords, inter mucrones se bostium 
 immersil. Just. 33, 2: to p. in settsual 
 delights, in voluptates se mergere, Ijr. 
 23, 18, med,: cf. ingurgitare se in fla- 
 gitia (to be quite siraliou ed up in ncioiu 
 excess), Cic. in Pis. 18, 42 ; also, effun- 
 dere se in libidine (to indulge to excess), 
 id. Par. 3, 1, 21. 
 
 plunge (subs.) : expr. by verb : t. 
 preced. art. 
 
 bath : 1. piscina (a su-im- 
 
 ming-bath. either hot or c<iUl) : Suet. 
 Ner. 27: Plin. Ep. 2. 17, 11 : v. Gierlg 
 ad 1. 2. natatio (any kind of tut m^ 
 ming - place, natural or artificial: 
 whereas the piscina was part of a bath- 
 ing establishment) : Cels. 3. 27. l- 3. 
 puteus (a well-like bath or tank of cold 
 water: often taken after exercise in the 
 calida piscina) : Plin. Kp. ?, 6, 25. 
 
 pluperfect : praeUritum plus quam 
 perfectuni (tcinpus) • Prise. 8. 39. 
 
 plural: pluralis, e: yuint. I, 6, 25, 
 etc. (Also plurativus fb-.^s pood], GelL 
 19, 8.) In the p., pluraliler.yuint. I.e.: 
 Sen. Phr.: to be used in the p.. multi- 
 tudinls numero appellari, G.U. I.e. to 
 be incapable of a p. sense, mulliludinU 
 slgnificationem non pati. I. c. (!i£. — 
 Avoid pluralitas - multitudinis nu- 
 menis.) 
 
 pluralist: "q"i plnnum (complu- 
 rium) lieneliclorum ecclesia-^tiairuni re- 
 ditus capit ; plurium beneficiorum cleri- 
 cus. 
 
 plurality : multltiido : cf. PLURAL 
 (fin.). Or expr. by plures, complures:
 
 PLUSH 
 
 POINT 
 
 POINTER 
 
 it i* usual, for them to have a p. of 
 wives, plures singulis Solent esse nuptae, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5. ^^^, ■)» (K. and A.). (I'hires 
 = -mote than one ; complures, a goad 
 inany,seBeial.) (Pluralitas late and Ijatl.) 
 
 plush : *textilium genus quoddam 
 viUosum ac moUe. 
 
 ply ; '• e. to u^se with diligence : ex- 
 erceo, 2 : to p. the loom, telam ex., Ov. 
 M. 6, 145 cf. Virg. (j. 8, n"- ^•^- labores 
 (like Oray's, "busy housewife ply htr 
 eoening tod") : v. to kxkrcisk. 
 
 pneumatic : *pneuniaticus : as 
 scient. t. t. 
 
 pneumatics : *pneum4tTca, oruin : 
 as scient. t. t. 
 
 poach : I. ?'" t"'^'^ gome unlaw- 
 fully : *feras contra legem capere ; feras 
 intercipere. ||. To cook eggs tM a 
 
 pan : Irigo, J : v. to fbv. 
 
 poacher : perh. *ferarum interceptor. 
 
 pock-mark : 'variolarum nota, cica- 
 trix : V. TO PIT (1.), 
 
 pocket (s«bs-) •■ no exact word: perh. 
 •sacculus vestiniento assutus. (N.B. — 
 FoT pocket := purse, see latter word.) 
 
 pocket (w) •■ P h r. : to p. money 
 (dishonestly), peruniam intercipere (cf. 
 Tac. A. 4, 45. fin., pecunias e publico 
 interceptas acrius... cogebat) ; p. aver- 
 tere (with ref. to public J unds: v. to 
 EMBKZZLK) ■ to p. an affront or injury, 
 contumeliam perpeti, i'er. Eun. i, i, j; 
 iiijuriani accipere et uiussitare (to hold 
 one's tmigue about it), id. Ad. 2, i, extr. 
 
 pocket-hook : pugillares (sc. ta- 
 bellae, libeili) : i. e. tablte^, note-book of 
 a size to carry in one's hand : Plin. : 
 Sen.: v. note-book. Also, pugillaria, 
 ium : Cat.: Gell. If used for notes of 
 moneys paid and received, adversaria, 
 orum : Cic R Com. 2, 5, sqq. 
 
 edition ; *liber minori forma : 
 
 M. L. 
 
 handkerchief: sudarium: v. 
 
 HANUKEHCHIEF. 
 
 money : pprh. peculium : v. 
 
 PIN-MONET. 
 
 pod : siliqua : cheating p.s (^inth little 
 or nothing in them,), s. failaces, Virg. G. 
 1, 195 : Van'. : I'lin. Also, valvulae, 
 arum (of the double shucks of pulse, 
 etc.): Col. 6, 10. 
 
 podded: *siliquas habens ; cujussili- 
 quae jam increverunt. 
 
 poem ; 1. poema, atis, n. : dat. 
 and ahl. pi., -is rather than -ibus (usu. 
 a single comnpositvm in verse ; w hereas 
 carmen oftcner denotes %xrse or poetry 
 
 ?eneralhi) : to compose a p., p. coudere, 
 lie. All. I, 16. 9; cimipunere, id. y. Fr. 
 J. I, 4 ; pangere, Hur. Ep. i, 18, 40. 
 (N.B. — Poema facere = to urite poetrij: 
 cf. Cic. de Or. i, 50, 217 : id. Ac. i, ?, 9.) 
 IJimin. poematium, a small or short p. : 
 Plin. min. : Aus. 2. carmen, Inis, n. 
 (strictly, vjhatever is or can be sung: 
 cf. si.pr.) : the poems of Livius, carmina 
 l^ivi, Hor. Ep. 2, l, 69: a funeral p., 
 c. funebre. Quint. 8, 2, 8: see also verse, 
 
 POETRY. 
 
 poesy: poesis, is, /. : Quint. 12, 11, 
 
 26 : V. POETRT. 
 
 poet : 1. pQeta, ae, m. ; Cic. pass. : 
 
 a better versifier than p., versificalor 
 
 quani p. melior, Quint. 10, I, 89: Hor. 
 
 2. vates, is, m. (poet.) : Hor. Od. 
 
 I, I, extr. 
 
 poetaster: pPi"h. poeta mediocris: 
 cf. Hor. A. P. J7 ! : sometimes even, 
 poeta malus (when the term is used 
 contemptuously). See also versifier. 
 (N.B.-Poetillae, in PI. True. 2, 6, 4, is 
 f. I. for postilla : poetaster is late and 
 unclass.) 
 
 poetess: pfietria: Cic. Coel. 27, iriii. : 
 also, poetris, idis, Pers. prol. IJ (al. 
 poetrlas, ace. pi. of poelria). 
 
 poetical : 1. poetlcus : Cic. : Hor. 
 
 2. musicus (archaic m this sense) : 
 
 Ter. Ph.prol. 18. Phr.: p. endowments, 
 
 ingenium (v. genius) : to practise p. 
 
 composition, versus scribere : v. verse. 
 
 poetically : pOetlce (after the man- 
 ner of poets) : Cic. Fin. 5, 4, 9 (p. loqui) : 
 Plin. min. (Where ^ in a manner be- 
 fitting a poet, lieautifull;/, use venuste, 
 pulclire, speciose; v. beautifully.) 
 564 
 
 poetics : ars poetica : Hor. 
 
 poetry : I. ^^^ i'"' <"■ accomplish- 
 meyit .- 1. p5etke, es ; and -a, ae 
 
 (Gr. TToiriTLKri) : p. (he reformer of life, 
 euiendalrix vitae poetica, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 52,69: to dabble in p. (without slni>ter 
 meaning), pi^ticen attingere, Nep. Att. 
 18. 2. pQesis, i.s, /. : Quint. i2, 11. 
 26. II. That II hich is composed : 1. 
 poesis : the entire p. of Anacreon is 
 erotic, Anacreontis iota p. est amatoria, 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, }}, extr. : Hor. A. P. j6i. 
 2. poema, atis, n. (usu. a single 
 composition) : to unite p. (be a poet), \ 
 poema fiicere, Cic. Ac. i, i, 9. 3. car- I 
 men, inis, n. : epic p., c. epicum. Quint. : 
 10, I, 62 : history is a soH of prone p., ' 
 historia quodammodo solutuni c, id. 10, 
 1, Ji : Cic. 4. versiis, uum : v, verse. 
 Phr.: that is the language of p., *hoc 
 est poetice loqui ; genus hoc loquendi 
 est a poetis petitum (v. poetical) those 
 persmis take aivay all tin" p. of life. 
 *isti omne quod Musas sapit e vita 
 toUunt ; vitae quasi lumen decusque 
 adimunt. 
 
 poignancy : 1. acerbitas (dis- 
 
 treisiuyiiess) : the p. of extreme sorrow, 
 summi luctus a., Cic. Faoj. 5, l5, init. 
 (Oftener expr. by adj.: v. pownant) 
 2. magniludo (gen. term) • Sen. 
 Cons. Helv. 1, 4 (m. dolorls). Phr.: 
 this adds to the p. of my grief, (hoc) 
 dolorem meum exulcerat, Plin. Kp. I, 
 12, init.i in sini. sense, dolorem exagi- 
 tare, Cic. Att. j, 7, med. ; p. of sarcasm, 
 aculei contunieliarum, id. de Or. 2, 55, 
 in it. 
 
 poignant : 1. acerbus (bitter, 
 
 distressing): to experience thf. most p. 
 grief, acerbissimura dolorem haurire, 
 Cic. Coel. 24, 59. Join- magnum et 
 acerbum dolorem [commoverej, id, Verr. 
 4, 21, 47. 2. acer, cris, ere (keen) : p. 
 repentanee, a. poenitentia,Tac. H. }, 51 : 
 p. grief, a. dolor, Virg. Aen. 7, 291. 
 Phr.: to feel the moi-t p. grief (less 
 strong than Eng.), sumnio dolore affici, 
 Cic. Fam. i, 5, init. : to try to check 
 grief, while it is fresh and p., dolori, 
 dum recens saevii, occnrrere, Sen. Cons. 
 Helv. init.: grief Ixcomes kss j), dolor 
 vires suas Irangit, ib. : how p. is his wit, 
 *qui sunt dicacitatis illius aculei ! cf. 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 55, init. 
 
 poignantly: Phr.: to feel p., gummo 
 s. acerbo (acerbissimo) dolore allici : v. 
 
 POIGNANT. 
 
 point (subs.) : I. Sharp end : 1. 
 acumen, inis, «.: p. of a stilus, a. stili, 
 Cic. de Or. 1, j j, 151 : 0/ an arrou; Ov. 
 M. 8, J5J : Lucr. 2. of a spear, etc. 
 cuspis, idis, /. ; Virg. Aen. 5, 208 : Ov. : 
 V. .SPIKE. 3. of O' suwd or cutting 
 instrument, miicro, onis, ni. ; swonls 
 without p.s, sine m. gladii, Liv. 22, 46, 
 med. : tapering to the p (of a plough- 
 share), in niucronem lastigiatus, Plin. 
 18, 18, 48: the p. of a sickle, falcis ni., 
 Col. 4, 25 : puet. by meton. = sword : 
 Virg. pass. (N.B. — Aculeus in this 
 sense is doubtful: in Liv. }8, 21, acu- 
 leus sagittae aut glandis, the sense is 
 sting, agony.) Phr.: to me the p. of 
 the sivwd in lighting, punctim (opp. 
 caesim, nilh the edge) ferire, Veg. SIil. 
 I, 12; punctim petere hustem, Liv, 22, 
 ^6, med. ||, F ^ s-, the sting or tellin g 
 feature of an epigram, etc. : aculeus (a 
 sting) ; an epigram requires to hare a 
 p. to it, * epigramma quasi aculeos 
 quosd:\n> in se habere oportet: cf. Cic. 
 Br. 9, extr. : his own epigrams have 
 often little p., ipse hebetes interdum 
 figit aculeos, Morhof, i. p. 1060: having 
 p., salsus (v. WITTY): without p., frigi- 
 dus, insulsus (v. pointless). |||, 
 
 Mathematical: punctum ■ Cic. Ac. 2, j6, 
 116. IV. -A particular: esp. in phr., 
 the main p. : 1, snmma : just the 
 
 main p.s, ipsae summae rerum [atque 
 senientiae], Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 18 : Liv. 
 Join: summa [judicii] causaque tota, 
 i.e. tlie real p. at issue: Cic. Quint. 9, 
 J2. 2. Cilput, itis n.: till' main p. if 
 a letter, c lilerarum, Cic. Ph. 2, Ji, 77 : 
 the leading p..s- of a subject, capita re- 
 rum, id. Br. 44, 164. 3. cardo, Inis, 
 
 TO. • V. gist. Phr.: to touch on the 
 main p.s of a thing, aliquid summatim 
 aitingere, Quint. 10, i, 44-. Cic. in 
 every p., omni ex pai-te, Cic. Am. 21, 79: 
 let us return to the p. we digressed from, 
 eo unde hue digressi sumus revertamur, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 2J, fin. : v. particular 
 (subs.). V. Matter of dispute : quaes- 
 tio : v. QUESTION. The p. in dispute ii 
 .... quaeritur. .., Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 
 extr. (agitur=<Ae matter is at stake). 
 V I . Exact place : Phr.- at this 
 very p., hoc ipso In loco : at the very 
 Sams p. and time, eodem loci vestigio et 
 temporis, Cic. in Pis. 9, 21 (v. moment)- 
 at this p. the enemy had the advantage, 
 *ex hac parte (aciei) hostes superiores 
 erant. y\\, l^ositUm: e.sp. insuchphrr. 
 as, to this point: to this point have I 
 brought matters, hue rem deduxi, Cic. 
 Cat. 2, 2, 4 : have matters reached such 
 a p. as this!' huccine omnia reciderunti' 
 id. Verr. 5, 6j, i6j. So eo, to such a p 
 or pass ; v. PASS, subs. VIM- ^^' 
 
 gree ; in such phrr. as to such a p. : v. 
 PITCH, subs. IX. £^< verge , in phr. 
 on the p. of. . .. : e.xpr. by in eo est 
 (impers.) : when he was on the p. of 
 being ai rested, quum in eo esset ut com- 
 prehenderetur, Nep. Paus. 5 : vhen Vie 
 soUliers were en the p. of scaling the 
 walls, quum in eo esset ut in muros 
 evaderet miles, Liv. 2, 71. A like sense 
 may be expr. by, hand niultum abfuit, 
 nihil propius factum (implying that 
 something was very near taking place) : 
 V. NARROW, adj. (fin^: on the p. of 
 death, moribundus : Cfie. Sext. 19, 85 
 (moriens, on one's death-bed : cf. Cic. 
 Sen. 22, init. ; moribundus, in the very 
 article of death). X. -^ small cha- 
 racter, a dot or accent : 1, apex, icis, 
 m.: Quint. I, 7, 2 (mark of quantity): 
 Lexx. s. V. KifldioL. 2. distinctio: v. 
 stop. The vowel p.s (Hebrew), •puncia 
 vocalia, Gr. (N.B. — For point of view, 
 
 V. VIEW.) 
 
 point ("■)•• I. ^'0 sharpen, make 
 pointed : 1. prae&cuo, i, utum, j . 
 
 Cato R. R. 40 : freq. in p. part. : v. 
 POINTED. 2. exJlcuo, } . Virg. G. i 
 264 : Col. 3. fastigo, i (to slope, 
 
 taper) : \: POi^TKD. ||. To indicate- 
 V. to point out. Ill, To mark with 
 points : 1, interpungo, J : v. to 
 
 I'UNcTDATE. 2. lastigo, I (to mark 
 with accents, etc.) : Mart. Cap. 
 
 out : \. Jo show : 1. 
 
 monstro, i: to be p.'d out uith the 
 finger, digito monstrari, Pers. i, 28 : 
 with digitus, index may be added, Hor. 
 S. 2, 3, 26 (indioe monstraret digito). 
 Comps. commonstro, demonstro(iii same 
 sense), I'er. Ph. 2, I, 76; Cic. de Or. i, 
 46, /id. 2. signitico, i v. to indi 
 GATE, SIGNIFY. Phr.- to p. out a 
 
 fountain uith the finger, digitum ad 
 fontem intendere, Cic. 1. c. ||. To 
 
 mark out for some purpose ; nOto, de- 
 signo, I : V. to Mark out. 
 
 point-hlank: Phr.: to shoot p., 
 
 •ex adverse directeque tela (tormenta) 
 mittere(?): a p. question, directa per- 
 cunctatio, Liv. 21, 19. init. s to be refused 
 p., sine fuco et fallaciis negari, Cic. Alt. 
 I, I, init. 
 
 pointed (orf?-) ■• I. Mt-- 1. 
 
 praeaciitus : p. tops (of stakes), p. cacu- 
 miiia, Caes. B. G. 7, 7? : beams slightly 
 p. at the bottom, tigna paulum ab imo 
 pr., ib. 4, 17: Cato- Sail. 2. acutus: 
 a p. nose, a. nasus, PI. Cap. J, 4, 114 
 very sharply p., acutissimus, Caes. B. G 
 7i 7J- 3. aciiminatus (rare): Plin. 
 18, i5, 79. 4. expr. by circumi 
 
 tapering and p.. In fastigium exatufjs; 
 in mucronem migrans, PUn. 11, ?7. 45; 
 in mucronem fastigatus, ib. 2, 25, 22. 
 II. Fig.: 1, salsus: v. wrrTi, 
 PUNGENT. 2. acfileatus (stinging): 
 Cic. Att. 14, 18: cf. POINT (II.). 
 
 pointedly : perh. plane, aperte : v. 
 
 EXPLICITLY, PLAINLY. 
 
 pointer : I. Anything which 
 
 points : index, Tcis, c. : esp. the fore- 
 finger, used as a p.: Cic: Hor. II, A 
 
 kind of )u)und : *canis aviailarlus 
 
 (Linn.).
 
 POI NTLESS 
 
 POLICE 
 
 POLITIC 
 
 pointless : 1. fngWus (cdd and 
 fiat) : opp. to salsus, Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 
 160. Join: 1'rigidus. ineptus, yuint. 
 8, ;, }o; frigidus ei iiianis, id. 10, 2, 17. 
 2. insiilsus: esp. with a negative : 
 «. g. non insulsum genus (ridlculi), 6.v no 
 means dull nr fioiiitless, Cic. 1. c. { 259. 
 3. perh. hebes. fills: v. i-oint (11.). 
 (Obtnsiis, Oic. N. D. i, 25, "Jo = s<«/>ui, 
 absurd.) 
 
 pointing (subs.) .- v. punctuation. 
 
 poise ("■) •• libro, I (to hold in equi- 
 librium) : by vhat Heights tlie earth is 
 p.ti.quibus librala (sit) terra poiideribus. 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, extr.: Ov. Fig.: of 
 an empire, Tac. H. 1, 16, init. Of one 
 in act to throw: long p.ing {pie vtapon) 
 he lets fly, diu librans Jacit, VIrg. Aen. 
 10, 480. Tluxt which serves to p. any- 
 thing, librimen, inis, n. ; Liv. 42, 65, 
 med. ; also, libramenlum, ib. 6j, med. 
 
 DoiSOn {subs.) : 1, vinGnura (in 
 ulder Lat., with epith. malum, as it 
 denotes strictly any potent drug) : to 
 m,urder any (me by p., veneno aliquem 
 necare, Cic. Clu. 10. extr. . toUere (to 
 make a"ay with), ib. 60, 165 : intercipere 
 (to cut off), Tac. Agr. i^. to give any one p. 
 in trrrad. v. dare (alicui) in pane.Cic. Clu. 
 62, IT! ; to eat or drink p., v. coni'dcre, 
 epotare, ib. : to employ slow ps, lenibus 
 uti v., id. Att. 2, 21, init. ; a very ra/M, 
 deadly p., v. velocissimum ac praesenta- 
 neum, Suet. Ner. }}; v. praesens, PUn. 
 16, 10, 20 (but praesens has usually a 
 good sense, cf. Virg. G. 2, 127) : also, v. 
 peremptorium, praesentarium, Apul. : to 
 brew p.s, veueiia coquere, Liv. 8, 19, 
 med. : indicatums and traces of p., 
 indicia et vestigia venenl. Cic. Clu. 10, 
 extr. K i g. : ot discord, Liv. j, 67, mud. 
 (venenuni hujus urbis) : Hor. 2. 
 
 to.\icum (Gr. Tofiicdi' strictly, for ar- 
 rows : also, in gen. sen.>ie, late) : Ov. 
 Pont. 4, 7. II (ill proper sense): Suet. 
 Ner. J5, /in. (= venenum). 3. virus, 
 i, n. {any strong or venomous fluid) : 
 Virg. (J. I. 129 (malum virus, of ser- 
 pents) : Ov. 4. mSdicaraeiitum : to 
 compound p.s, m. coquere, Liv. 8, 18 
 (=venena): Hlin. Also, mgdicaraen, 
 inis, n. : Tac. To impreynate with p., 
 veneno, i (= veneno imbuere, tingere) : 
 v. TO POISON. (N.B.— In tig. sense, use 
 rather pestis: v. plague, scookge.) 
 
 poison (•'■)•• I. '''o impregnate 
 
 wUh poismi : 1. vgneno, 1 : rare except 
 in p. part., venenatus : e. g., v. telum, a 
 p.'d arrott; Cic. Quint. 2, 8 : Ov. 2. 
 expr. by vgnenum. toxicum, with a 
 verb p.'d arroirs, imbuta tela veneno, 
 Ov. Tr. 4, I. 77 : to p. arruus, sagitlas 
 toxico tingiTe, Plin 16, 10, 20. P h r. : 
 a p.'d cup, porulum cui intusuni e>t 
 venenum, cf. Cic. Ph. 11. 6, l J : to ad- 
 minister a p.'d cup, venenum in poculo 
 dare, cf. id. Clu. 60, 166. ||. To kUt 
 by poison : I'lir. : veueno tollere, ne 
 care, etc.; venenum alicui dare: v. 
 Pors<jN, sabs, (init.) : to try to p. any 
 one, aliquem veneno ;iggredi. Suet. Ner. 
 }}, med. : see also porsoNi.sc,. 
 
 poisoned {pan. adj.)-. venenatus: v. 
 
 TO POISON (1.). 
 
 poisoner : 1. vgneftcus, /. -a : 
 
 Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7 : Hr)r. : Quint, (fern. esp. 
 of leomen nho practised incantations). 
 2. veneiiarius: Suet. Ner. }?: I'etr. 
 P h r. : a nom'tn that was a notoriousp., 
 fam^ysa vemficiis niulier, Tac. A. }, 7 : o 
 skilful p., artifex veneficiorum : cf. ib. 
 12,66. 
 
 poisoning (subs.) .- 1. vCnef Icium : 
 to accuiie iij p, de veneticiis accusare, 
 Cic. R. Am. J2, 90: the charge of p., 
 veneficii erinien, id. Clu. 60, 166 : C(m- 
 demned for p., veneficii damnatus, Tac. 
 A. 12, 66. 2. expr. by venenum : to 
 be guiltii of p., venenum malum facere. 
 Vet. Lex in Cic Clu. 54, 148 : to dispel 
 suspicion of p., veneni suspicioncm 
 tollere, ib. 65. 184, et puss. 
 
 poisonous: 1. vgnenatus : p. 
 vipers, v, oolubrae, Lucr. ;. 27 : Plin. 
 (who ba8ci/?(i/;ar., N. H. J2, 2, 12). 2. 
 virQlentus (rare): Cell. 3. nialus : 
 esp. in phr. malum venenum (v. poison) : 
 eap. poet., fed onj>. herbs, mala gramina 
 
 pastus, Vlrg. Aen. 2. 471 : Uor. 4. 
 noxlus: Tac. A. 14, 52 (n. medicamen). 
 
 poisonousness : v. pois4>.<iji;s. 
 
 poke (sub.<.) : IMi r. : to buy a pig in 
 a p., nearest expr. perh., aleaiii emere (to 
 buy anything uncertain, as a draught 
 of fishes), Ulp. Oig. 18, 1.8. (K. and A.). 
 
 poke ("•) ■• Phr.: to p. any one in the 
 ribs, alicui latus fodicare, Hor. Kp. i, 6, 
 51 : in like sens*', fodere, Ter. Hec. }, 5, 
 17: to p. (push) the guests right and 
 left nith the elbows, cubitis irudere hinc 
 et inde convivas, Mart, j, 82, 6 (v. to 
 thrust) : to p. the fire, perh. ignem 
 fodere (Gr. to nvp o-KaAtueti') for which 
 also scrutari, Hor. S. 2. }, 276 (ignem 
 gladio scrutari, to p. the fire u-ilh a 
 sword, Prov.) : to p. about, v. to groPK. 
 
 poker : perb. rutabulum (a uteiisil 
 for raking coals out of an men : but 
 the words of Kesius, " invenitiir tamen 
 positum pro virili membro," lead to the 
 inference ihat it was a sort of poker) : 
 Paul. Diac. 16. 
 
 polar : arctlcus, septentrionalis (both 
 on]y of the north) : v. north Kits Phr.: 
 the southern p. regions, *loca quae Aus- 
 trali orbis terrarum axi circumjecta 
 sunt; *loca antarctica (for brevity): the 
 p. star, *stella polari.s. 
 
 polarity: •pOlarltas (quae dlcitur): 
 scicnt. t. t. 
 
 pole: \. .A long staff : 1. a.sser, 
 5ris, m. : esp. of the poles used to carry 
 a litter: Suet. Cal. 58: .Juv. Diniin. 
 asserciilus (a short p.) : Cato : Col. 2. 
 contus (esp. a punting-p.) : Virg. Aen. 
 6, ?o2 : in gen. sense, to carry heads 
 stuck on p.s, praefi.xa contis capita 
 gestare, Tac. H. I, 44. 3. pertica 
 {any lortgish stick) : used for beating 
 asses, PI. As. J, 2, 45; for hn<x:idng 
 diAim fruit from, trei-s, I'lin. 1;, j, ?; 
 for measuring. Prop. 4. loiigurius 
 (a long p.) : scythes fastened to long p.s, 
 falces affixae longuriis, Caes. B. G. }, 14: 
 Varr. ||. ( )f the eaHh : polus: Plin. 
 2, 15, IJ (vertices iuii quos appellaverunt 
 polos): tlie icy (nifrthern) p,, glaclalis p., 
 Ov. Al. 2, 17?. in same sense also, axis: 
 Lucan 8, 175. (In non-scientific lang., 
 vertex may be used: cf. Virg. G. i, 742, 
 hie nobis vertex semper sublimis, etc. : 
 also Plin. I. c.) The celestial p., cardo 
 coeli, V^irr. K. H. i. 2, ad init.: called 
 also, cardo nuindi, Plin. 4, 12, 26 } 89. 
 
 pole-axe : malleus : Suet. Cal. J2. 
 
 pole-cat : perh. feles, is, /. : Varr. 
 R. 1{. ?, II, ?. 
 
 polemical : Phr.: p. works. *libri 
 de rebus dubiis s. controversis .script! : 
 p. theology, *ea pars Theologiae quae de 
 rebus controversis est : also, * I'htologia 
 polemica (an expr. needful for brevity), 
 Morhof, ii. p. 540: summary of p. theo- 
 higy, *controversiarum summa, Horn- 
 beck, title of work. ib. (Plin. min. has 
 pugnax et quasi bellatorius stilus, of 
 composition for the bar, Kp. 7, 9, 7 : but 
 the notion suggested differs trom that 
 of the Kng. word.) 
 
 pole-star : *stella septentrionalis (or 
 in scieiit. lang., Stella *polaris). 
 
 polemics : con tro vers iae : or, perh 
 *res polemica : v. polkmical. 
 
 police : I. The entire regulations 
 for maintaining order, etc., in a city: 
 •securitatis urbanae cura, custodia, 
 tutela: cf. Veil. 2, 98, ini^. ||. The 
 officials : no term exactly corresponding 
 to Kng., the duties of our police being 
 di^tributed : night p., visiles. Suet. Aug. 
 JO : their controlling offner, praefectus 
 vigilum, I'ig. I, 15: by day, the lictors 
 and apparitors of the inaiilstrates acted 
 as a kind ot police (v. Smith's Diet, Ant. 
 s. vv.): also the vigiles had certain day 
 duties, as for example, to keep natch 
 over the clothes of liathe.vs, Paul. Pig. i, 
 IS, J J 5 : the care of the markets under 
 the emperors was assigned to the Prae- 
 lectus urbis, Ulp. I>ig. i, 12, i { 11 
 (originally under the aedile:? and their 
 officials): the infliction of jnmithnu^ts 
 devolved upim the trifltnviri capitales 
 (v. Diet. Ant. s. v.) : and all thesi- lerms 
 may serve in their place. N. B. — Perhaps 
 the best word for gen. use is vigiles. 
 
 policeman : pert, vigil, iUb : t. 
 
 preced. art. 
 
 policy : I. Management of puUie 
 affairs: expr. by verb their domxsiic p. 
 was wise, their foreign p. vigorous, 
 •domi consul te, foras sirenue rem gere- 
 bant: such was the p. of the aristo- 
 cracy, *oplimaiium ea ratio viaque eral 
 reipublicae gerciidae ; ad hunc n>odum 
 optimjtium lactio rempublicam ad- 
 niinistralat. ||. /'tan: ratio: j/oi/rp. 
 is to begin your reply after tlie games, 
 tua r. est nt secundum ludos mlhi 
 respondere Incipias, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 11, 
 ^n. : v. PLAN. Ill, Prudence : \, 
 consilium (in good sense) Tac. Agr. i) 
 (consilium id D. Augustus vocabal, 
 Tiberius praeceptum). 2. arsiofiener 
 in bad sense): v. artifkk, < lnmno. 
 IV. -A pecuniai-y document : cbiro- 
 graphum : v bond. 
 
 polish (i.): 1. p<511o, 4 to p. 
 
 marble, marmora p., Plin. j6, 6, 9 (■■(teo 
 in gen. sense, to set off, adotn). Fig.: 
 to p. one's productions with the fde, 
 opus lima p., Quint 10,4,4: top. one*! 
 poems carefully, carmina .Hjllicita manu 
 polire, Ov. Pont. I. 5.61. Comps. tl). per- 
 f>61io, 4 (to p. thoroughly) : Plin. Fl g.. 
 of literary work, Cic. de Or. 2, 1 i, 
 init. (2). expOlio. 4 (to smooth and p 
 off): Cat. 1,2. Fig. : top. (finish off) 
 a speech, orationem ex.. Quint. 8. j, 42. 
 
 2. tfiro, trivi, tum, { (by rulibing) : 
 Virg. G. 2, 244. 3. nifido, 1 {t',make 
 clean and bright) : CoL: Pall. 4. in 
 fig. 8en.se, linio, I (lit. to fik) : Join: 
 ornare ac limare, Cic. de Ot. j, 49, 190. 
 
 POlisll (subs.) : I, Ohssiness : 
 
 perh., 1. nitor (biightness of that 
 which reflects light): the bright p. of 
 ivory, n. eboris, Plin. 7, 15, IJ : Oiey 
 take a very high p., *i\d sunimum niio- 
 rem polirl possunl: or, 2. Icvor, le- 
 vitas: v. sjioothness. ||. Fig..yinuiA, 
 perfection of work : meton. lima the 
 toil of p. ( file-ii ork). limae latior, Hor. 
 A. P. 291 : Ov. H'at/finj/ 'np., iDipolitus 
 fet plane rudisj Cic. Br. 85 ; paruoi 
 limatus (v. polished, 11.). 
 
 polished (part, adj.): \. Lit.: 
 
 I. puliius: (made) of p. stone, p. 
 lapide, Plin. }6, IJ, 19, ^ 86. 2. 
 mundus (clean and shining ; opp. to the 
 notion of roughness and dirt) : Hor. 
 
 3. nitidus (bright, gleaming): p. 
 ivory, n. ebur, Ov. M. 2, J : v. bright. 
 
 4. levis, levigatus : v. smooth. 
 
 II. Fig.: 1, politus: (Crassus) 
 more p. and ornate than <>'racchus, 
 Graccho politior et ornatior, lac. I Mai. 
 18: Cic. Strengthened, perpolitus : Cic. 
 
 2. limatus: a more p. style, limatiua 
 dicendi genus, Cic. Br. 24, <)i : Hor. 
 I/imin. UmatHlus (nice and p.) : Oc 
 Fam. 7, }J. Ph r. : a J5. gentleman, vir 
 omni politlore humanitate excultissimus: 
 cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72 : in a p. manner 
 polite : Cic. Soe also politk. 
 
 polisher: politor: Firm. Math. 
 
 polishing (subs.): 1. pOlitio: 
 
 Vitr. 2. politiira : Plin. 
 
 polite: I. I'ourtcous: cftmis, bu- 
 manus ; v. courtkois. Also perh. 
 urbanus (haviiig the refinement and 
 polish which marks toten as contrasted 
 with country: cf agrestis = (/oon>A) .- 
 Cic. Fam. j, 8. med.: cf. I'OLiTKNhiss. 
 Or expr. by urbanitas : so p. a person as 
 you are, "qua es urbanilate ; quae tua 
 est urbanitas. See also obliging. ||. 
 Elegant, refined : humiiiius : p. litera- 
 ture, "litterae humaiiiores : more class., 
 politior hum-initas (which however em- 
 braces a/?i). -ulture), Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72. 
 
 politely 1. comiter, bOmaniter, 
 
 humane: (Ic. : v courtfouslt. 2. 
 offlciose (obligingly ; n-ith outward 
 marks of respect and attention) : very 
 respectfitlly and p., reverentissime et 
 officiosissime, Plin. Kp. 10, 2; (}2): Cic 
 IVri/ p., perofliciose: Cic. 
 
 politeness: 1. urbanitas (toim- 
 bred elegance of manners) : Cic. Fam. }, 
 7. 2. huiiianila.s. comilas: v. < oUB- 
 
 TESV. IHM p., V. POLITELY. 
 
 politic : providiis, prQdens. circum- 
 spectus: v. prudent. Join: cir- 
 56s
 
 POLITICAL, 
 
 POMPOUSLY 
 
 POOR 
 
 prudentisainius, 
 
 cnmspectissimus et 
 Suet. Tib. 21. med. 
 
 political: 1. civilis,e: p. science, 
 c. scientia, ratio, Cic. Inv. 1,5,6: well 
 acquainted ivitk p. affairs, c. rerum 
 peritus, Tac. H. 2, 5 : yuiiil: v. civil. 
 2. pOliticus (Gr. woAiTtKos) : p. 
 works, p. libri, Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, i, 
 extr. : Cic. Alt. 9, 4. (Only as <. «. = 
 relating to tlie science of government). 
 3. publlcus : esp. in phr. res publica 
 (or as one word), political affairs (public 
 opp. private) : to take nopait in p. life, 
 procul a republica aetatem agere. Sail. 
 Jug. 4 ; habere, id. Cat. <^ to be attracted 
 to a p. life, ad rem p. ferri, ib. Phr.: 
 fond of p. change, rerum novarum 
 cupidus, Caes. B. G. i, 18 : to be so, novis 
 rebus studere, Cic. Cat. i, i, i. Cf. 
 
 POLITICS. 
 
 politically : *quod ad rempuWicam 
 attinet ; reipublicae ratione habita. A 
 class p. inferior, *deteriore jure cives. 
 
 politician : vlr civiUum rerum (rel- 
 publicae) peritus: v. political. (PoU- 
 ticus, without authority.) Phr.: tlu 
 true p., vlr ille vere civilis et publicarum 
 rerum administrationi accommodalus, 
 Quint, prooem. $ 10 : to set up for a p., 
 •reipublicae scientiara profiteri. 
 
 politicly : '*'• PBooENTLy. 
 
 politics: res puhliea (or as one 
 word) ; and pi. : to talce part in p., 
 accedere ad rem p., Cic. Kep. i, 5 (cf. 
 political, 3) : to talk p. at table, ad 
 mensam publicas res crepare, PI. Mil. }, 
 
 I. 57- 
 
 polity: reipublicae forma: v. go- 
 vernment. 
 
 poll (.subs.) : I. Head : q. v. ||. 
 Voting : expr. by suffragium : v. vote, 
 
 VOTING. 
 
 poll ("•) ■ \. "^^ ^^P *''* ^^ "J ^^^ •■ 
 perh. decacuni.iio, i (to lop off branches 
 of trees): Col. 5, 6, ad ir.it. Or perh. 
 better, cacumen arboris amputare: v. 
 ro LOP off. II. To go to the vote : to 
 obtain votes: expr. by suffragium: the 
 Quirites are p.ing, Quirites suffragium 
 ineunt, Liv. j, fj, mcd. : jooo votes were 
 p.'d, tria millia capitum suffragium ini- 
 erunt : to p. a great many more voters, 
 magnis suffragils superare, Plin. 35, 10, 
 j6 671. 
 
 pollard : Phr.: a p. oak, *quercus 
 decacuminata : v. to poll (1.). 
 
 pollen: *pollen, inis, n. (strictly, 
 fine flour) : as sclent, t. t. 
 
 polling: expr. by suffragium : the p. 
 began in the itwming ; *mane suffragia 
 inlri coepta sunt. 
 
 polling-booth : perh. nearest word, 
 septum (saep.) : v. enclosuue. 
 
 officer : *<l^^ suffraglo praeest. 
 
 poll-tax ; exactio capitum, Cic. Fam. 
 J, 8. To impose a p., tributum in sin- 
 gula capita imponere, Caes. B. C. j, }i. 
 
 pollute : 1. inquino, I : top. (be- 
 foul) with every kind of affront, omnl 
 contumelia i., Pbaedr. i, 2, 21 : Hor. : to 
 p. a (whole) company of boys (corrupt 
 them), i. gregem puerorura, Varr. in Non. : 
 to p. oneself by parricide, se parricidio 
 i., Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6. 2. contamino, i 
 (Strictly, to mix up together ; hence not 
 used in the best age of physical defiU- 
 ment, as in Suet. Ner. 56) : they thought 
 their blood p.d, contaminarl sunguinem 
 EQum rebantur, Liv. 4, i, init.; p.d 
 with crime, contaminatus facinore, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 4J : Cic. : Hor. 3. polluo, i, 
 Btum, } (either of physical or moral de- 
 fi.lenu'nt) : to p. food, dapes p., Virg. 
 Aen. J, 2J4 : to p. and outrage sacred 
 things, sacra p. et violart Cic. Verr. ;, 
 72, 187. 4. maciilo, i ('O spot, stain : 
 less freq.) : to p. groves by debauchery, 
 nemora slupro m., Cic. Mil. ji, 85 : Liv. 
 Strengthened, commaculo, i (rare) : top. 
 the altars of the gods with blood, sanguine 
 altaria Deum c, Tac. A. i, jg. 5. i"- 
 cesto, I (esp. poet.) : to p. by death, 
 funere i.. Virg. Aen. 6, 150: Stat.: Suet. 
 Tib. 4 J (of sensual pollution). Q. 
 foedo, I (to befoul, defde) : your ai-rivaZ 
 
 (with blood) : to p. altars ivith human 
 sacrifices, aras humanls hostiis f., Cic. 
 Font. 10, 21 : Juv. 8. tgmgro, i 
 (strictly, to profane) : to p. bodies with 
 abominable food, corpora netandis da- 
 pibust., Ov. M. 15, 75. 9. conscgiero, 
 I (to infect with guilt) : Liv. 
 
 polluted (part, adj.): 1. sc6- 
 Ifiratus (by guilt) ; Virg. Aen. }, 60 : 
 Ov. (Comp. the expr. sceleratus vicus.) 
 2. incestus : Cic. : v. impure. 
 
 pollution : 1. colluvio, onis, /. 
 (lit. washings, offscourings : hence, trile 
 or impure contact) : to cause a p. of the 
 families, gentium c. afferre. Liv. 4, 2, 
 ad init (cf. what follows, ne quid sin- 
 ceri, ne quid incontaminatl sit) : p. of 
 every kind of guilt, omnium scelerum 
 c, Cic. Sext. 7, 15: Suet. Aug. 40, mcd. 
 2. impuritas: to engage in every 
 possible p., omnes i. suscipere, Cic. Ph. 
 2, J, 6. In certain cases, piaciilum (a 
 crime involving p. or profanity) : v. 
 PROFANrrr. Or expr. by verb : (this 
 was done) to prevent the p. of the tan- 
 pie, •ne templum funestaretur, polluere- 
 lur, etc. : v. TO pollute. (Polliitio, 
 contaminatio, v. rare andbest avoided.) 
 
 poltroon : homo ignavus : v. cow- 
 ardly. 
 
 poltroonery : ignavia : v. cow- 
 ardice. 
 
 polyanthus : *primiiia : M. L. 
 
 polygamy : expr. by circuml. : in 
 India p. is common, apud Indos plures 
 singulis solent esse nuptae, cf Cic. Tusc 
 5, 27, 78 ; *plures uxores habere con- 
 cessum est : or with ref. to a plurality 
 of husbands, "plures singulis muUeribus 
 mariti solent esse ; una mulier apud 
 plures viros nupta esse solet: cf. GelL i, 
 2}, mcd. : p. (in all forms) is held in 
 attomination among them., *nefa8 habent 
 plures singulis matrimonio conjuiigi. 
 
 polyglot : Phr.: a p. edition, *liber 
 compluribus Unguis editus. 
 
 polygon: polygonum: Censor. (Plu- 
 rilatera [multangula] forma, Front. 
 Goes. p. j;.) 
 
 polygonal: 1. psiygonius: Vitr. 
 I. 5. 5- 2. multangtilus : Lucr. 4, 
 
 656 : Mart. Cap. 
 
 polvmathy ; *p61ymathla, qnam 
 appellant. 
 
 polypody : p61yp6dium : Plin. : 
 Linn. 
 
 polypus : pSlypus, 1, m. ; Plin. 9, 12, 
 14: Ov. Hal. J I (polypus). Also the 
 tUcer so called, Cels. 6, 8, 2 : Hor. S. i, i, 
 40 (polypus). 
 
 polysyllabic : •pSlysyllabus : cf. 
 
 MONOSY LL A BLK. 
 
 polytheism : *muitorum deomm 
 cultus. 
 
 polytheist : *qu' multos deos vene- 
 ratur, colit V. TO worship. 
 
 pomade ) 1. capillare, is, I).: 
 
 pomatum 5 Mart, j, 82, 28. 2. 
 gen. term, unguentum : v. unguent. 
 Pomatum-pot, *ollula unguentarisu 
 
 pomegranate : malum granatum s. 
 Punicum : Col. 1 2, 44. Also simply, 
 granatum, ib. med. The tree, *malus 
 Punica. 
 
 pommel (subs.) .- perh. bulla or um- 
 bilicus : v. KNOB. 
 
 pommel ("■) •• pulso, verbero, etc. : 
 
 V. TO BEAT. 
 
 pomp : apparatus, us : to entertain 
 with royalp., regio a. accipere, Cic. Rep. 6, 
 10 : I hate the p. of Persia, Persicos odi a., 
 Hor. Od. I, j8. See also magnificence. 
 Phr.: rhetorical p. (display), rhetorum 
 pompa, Cic. Tusc. 4, 21, 48. (Not 
 pompa in this sense: cf. Sen. Ep. no, 
 16, tjuid miraris? I'oinpaest. Ostend- 
 imtur : i. e. it is mere display.) 
 
 pomposity : v. pomkodsni-ss. 
 
 pompous : magnlfkus : v. magni- 
 ficent. (Pompalis, pomposus, pom- 
 patus, late and unclass.) In bad sense 
 may be used : 1. magnificus : he 
 
 sent a p. despatch to Rome, m. litteras 
 Romam misit, Suet Cat. 44: Ter. Kun. 
 4, 6, ? : PI. 2. inflatus, tilmens (esp. 
 
 pjj Rome itself, Romam ipsam foedavit | of sti/le): v. inflated. 
 adventustuus.Cic. inlMs. 22, 5J. Join: I pompously: magmf ice : to stalk 
 pollui foedarique, Tac. 7. funesto, i | p. along, m. incedere, Liv. 2, 6, ad fin. : 
 56b ' 
 
 PI. (or by circuml., turn magno [summo] 
 apparatu : v. pomp). 
 
 pompousness : magnlf icentia : t. 
 magnificence. In bad sense, Ter. Ph. 
 
 5. 7. JT 
 
 pond : 1. stagnum (standing 
 
 water of any kind or extent) : Hor. Od. 
 2, 1?. 4- 2. piscina (strictly, fi-sh- 
 jxmd) : Cic. Par. 6, 2. 29 : also in gen. 
 sense: Col. I, 6, ad fin., where ponds 
 for ducks, and for Vfwcerating flax, 
 are called piscinae (these are called by 
 Varr., lacus • R. R. i, i}). 3. lacus: 
 Varr. supr. (2) : v. lake, reservoir. 
 
 ponder : 1. considero, 1 : v. to 
 
 CONSIDER. (Expendo, perpendo, pon- 
 dero, to weigh carefully, so as to appre- 
 ciate justly, not simply to think about: 
 cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 76, fin., expendere ar- 
 gunienta, opp. to immerare : id. Mur. 2, 
 init., perpendere momenta ofificiorum : 
 also, id. de Or. j, J7, 150, delectum ver- 
 borum ponderare.) 2. volCLto, i (to 
 turn over and over) : usu. with animo, 
 Cic. Rep. 1, 17 ; or, in animo, Liv. 28, 
 lZ,fin. In same sense, volvo, 1, iitum, 
 } (of which volutu is frequent.) : with 
 like constr. : e. g., cum animo suo vol- 
 vere. Sail. Jug. 6 ; secum, id. Cat. 52 ; in 
 animo, Liv. 2, 49, med. 3. agito, i 
 (to be busily engaged with or intent on ; 
 usu. with the notion of an end to be 
 attained) : with mecum, Ter. Ph. 4, j, 
 10; in mente, Cic. N. D. 1,41, 114; (in) 
 animo, Liv. 21, 1 : also absol., Cic. Verr. 
 i, 96, 224. 
 
 ponderous: praegravls, pondgrosus: 
 V. heavy. Phr.: a p. style,*0VAlio \&[- 
 borum ponderibus praegravata parum. 
 
 poniard : pugio, sica : v. dagger. 
 
 pontiff: pontifex, ids: Cic: Liv. 
 Used in modern Lat. of the Pope : 
 Erasm. Encom. Mor. ii. J78 (summus 
 
 p.). Office of p , V. PONTIFICATE. 
 
 pontifical: 1. pontificalis, e: 
 
 p. games, ludi p.. Suet. Aug. 44: Cic: 
 Liv. 2. pontiflcius: p. books, libri, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, JI. (Or use gen. of ponti- 
 fex, sing, or pi. : p. entertainments, 
 pontificum coenae, Hor.) 
 
 pontificals : *vestimenta pontifica- 
 lia. 
 
 pontificate: l, pontificatus, tis: 
 Suet. Cal. 12: Veil. 2. pontificium 
 (less good) ; Solin. : Imp. Cod. 
 
 pontoon : ponto, onis, m. (sort of 
 floating bridge) : Paul. Dig. J8, i, J8. 
 
 pony : perh. manntilus (a small 
 Gallic horse, cob) : Plin. Ep. 4, 2, J (or 
 even, mannus : " manni equi pusilli et 
 speciosi in deliciis erant hominum ele- 
 gantiorum, quorum curriis trahebant"): 
 Mart. Equulus is properly a colt. 
 
 pool : I. Of water : 1. lacuna : 
 vast p.s of crater, aquae vastae 1., Lucr. 
 6, 552 : briny p.s (tlie sea), salsae 1., 
 id.: Cic. (poet.). (A lacuna may be merely 
 a hollow, not containing water : cf. 
 Virg. G. 1, 117.) 2. piscina: v. pond. 
 II. In play: v. stakes. 
 
 poop : puppiS : V. STERN. 
 
 poor : I. Saving little : 1. 
 
 pauper, eris (in humble circumstances, 
 but not destitute, egens) : the servant of 
 a p. master, servus domini p., Ter. Eun. 
 J, 2, J5 : et pass. Plur. and even sing. 
 used absol. (without homo) : thou givest 
 horns (strength) to the p. man, cornua 
 addis pauperi, Hor. Od. j, 22, 18: Ter. 
 Foil, by gen. : p. in gold, p. auri, Hor. 
 S. 2, J, 142. Very p., perpauper: (Sc. : 
 somewhat p. (or as term of commisera- 
 tion), pauperculus: Ter. Heaut. 1,1,44: 
 2. inops, 6pis (without means ; in^ 
 digent) : v. destitute. 3. tenuis, e 
 '^slendei; as applied to fortune : also 
 epith. of persons) : opp. locuples, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 2, 55, u8: p. and encumbered 
 with debt, t. et obaeratus, Suet. Caes. 46. 
 See also poverty. ||, Meagre; esp. 
 of soil : macer, exilis : v. meagre. |||, 
 Inferior: Phr.: the poorer sorts of 
 wines, plelieia vina, Plin. 14, 6, 8 } 69 . 
 the luine is extremely p., vina (sunt) 
 deterrima (v. inferior, 9) content nith 
 p. fare, tenui contentus cibo, I'haedr. 4, 
 I J, 7: a p. tumbledown cottage, obso- 
 letum tectum, Hor. Od. 2, 10, b: a p.
 
 POOR-HOUSE 
 
 rORPH Y R Y 
 
 PORTRAIT 
 
 |)oe<, mediocris poeoi, Hor. A. !'. i^i; or 
 stronger, nialus p.. Cat. 49: a p. trum- 
 pery simy, mlseruin carmen, Vlrn- K. {, 
 27 : so dimin. mi^ellus : Fl. Kud. 2, 6, 
 66. IV. I'o be pitieil : iiumt : v. 
 
 WBETCHKi) Ksp.dinitn. mlaellus: poor 
 little s^airow ' nuselle passer ' Cat. ;, 
 16. Some other diminutives naturally 
 imply C'lmnil^eratioii : as, homunculi, 
 boniuUi, p. (ii'retcked) mortals : Sulp. in 
 Cic. Fam. 4, 5, mtd. : I,ucr. }, 92- (brevis 
 hie eat Iriictu.s homullis ! shuit liied is 
 p. mortals' pUasure '.) : animula ! }i. 
 tout .' H.idr. in Span. vit. 25 . niatercula, 
 p. (dear) mother, Hor. Ep. I, "J, 7. 
 
 poor - house : piochotrftphium 
 (-eum) : Cod. Just. 
 
 poor-laws: *leges quae sunt de 
 egentibus alendis. 
 
 poorly {ada.) : 1, tSnuiter : so 
 
 so; poorly, sic, t., Ter. I'll, i, 2, 95' to 
 live p., * I . viv^•rc, cf. i-ooit (111.). 2. 
 p^rum (but little , less titan desired) : 
 J am, succeeding but p., p. succ. dit quod 
 ago, id. Andr. 4. i, 55 . p. acquainted 
 with cieil law, 'in jure civili p. versaius. 
 3. m6diocriter v. i.ndiffekently. 
 4. misere : v. wbktcheuly. Ptir. : 
 p. cla/i, obsoletus (in old or shabby 
 clothes), Cic. in I'is. j6, 89 : vestitu ob- 
 soletiore, id. As;r. 2, 5, u (if tbe ref. be 
 to inadequacy 0/ clothing, tenuiter ves- 
 titus). 
 
 poorly {adj-) ■• to be p., aegrotare, jac- 
 ere, etc. : v. sick ; ill (to be). 
 
 poorness : v. vo\ Kitry. 
 
 poor-spirited: v. mean-spirited. 
 
 pop (subs.) : perb. crepitus, us (any 
 brisk, sharp noise); or stioppus, i (the 
 sound caused by slapping inflated 
 cheeks), I'ers. 5, i }. 
 
 pop ("•)•' I. ^o make a noise: 
 perb. cifipare ; or by circunil. stloppum 
 edere. ||. Tb p. out ; e.\silio, prosilio, 
 
 4: V. TO START FORTH. |||. TO SlHke 
 
 down by shooting : dejicio, j. 
 
 pope : *papa : Erasm. Knc. Mor. ii. 
 J78. Also, (sumnius) pontifex : ib. 
 
 popedom : papatus, us : V. PAPACY. 
 
 poperv : •instiiuta Ecclesiae Ro- 
 nanae ; *doclrina (disciplina) papalis. 
 
 popish : *papaUs, e ; M. L. 
 
 pOi injay : i. ^ parrot .• psitta- 
 
 cus: Pers. ||, A coxcomb: perh. ar- 
 deiio, oiiis: Pbaedr. 2, 5, I. 
 
 poplar : populus, i, f. : uhite, black, 
 and African p., p. alba, nigra, Libyca, 
 PUn 16, 25, ?;. <'f P-, populeus: e.g. 
 a p. urreath, p. corona, Hor. Od. i, 7, 2j ; 
 also, populneus Cato : Varr. 
 
 poppy : papaver, eris, n. : white, 
 black and common red p., p. album, 
 nigrum, rhoea or erraticum (p. rhoeas, 
 Linn.): Plin. 19, 8, 5?: suixnijic p., p. 
 soporiferum, Virg. Aen. 4, 486. Of ps, 
 papavereus : Ov. P -juv:e : v. opiu-m. 
 
 populace : vulgus, multitudo, pOpel- 
 
 lUS, etc.: V. MULTITUDE, Pi-OPLE. 
 
 popular: I. 1 f the people : p6p- 
 ilaris, e: the breath of p. favour, p. 
 aura, Hor. Od. {, 2, 20: Cic: or expr. 
 by gen. of populus : the p. feeling, 
 populi sensus, Cic. Atl. 2, 19, 2. ||, 
 Relating to the people as distinguished 
 from the aristociacy : p6pularis : a p. 
 form of government, relpubllcae genus 
 p., Cic. Hep. 2, 2}. Hence, the p. party, 
 populares, opp. optimates : Cic. Se.xt. 
 45, init. Ill, In general favour ■ 
 
 1. pOpularis (somewhat rare in this 
 sense) ; a man p. for his very gravity 
 and sternness, homo ipsa Irisiiiia et 
 severitatp p., Cic. Br. 25, 97 (in Cic. Cat. 
 4, 5, 10, to be p., is e.xpr. by populares 
 haberi, to be looLed upon as men of the 
 people, the friends of the people : and 
 this Is the best us'- of the word) ; a very 
 useful pres'nt hut not equally p. (a puU 
 lie library), ntilisslmum munus sed non 
 perinde p., I'lin. Kp. i, 8. 12. .Join: 
 popular? gratumque audientlbus id. Pan. 
 77. 2. "su- better expr. by cin uml.: 
 Vieir object t'os tofc('p..*caqiiai'faciebant 
 Hiultiludini jueunda esse volebant, Cic. in 
 Nizol.; IT perh. more exactly, •ea fucie- 
 bant quae muliitndini jncumla p.-^so vlde- 
 bantur : so, in vulgus gratus (acccptus), 
 Cic. Att. 2, 22, med. (not, vulgo gratus, 
 
 in which case vulgo would be taken as 
 adv.). P h r. : my books are said to tie p., 
 libelli quos emiiiimus dicuntur in niani- 
 bus esse. Plin. Ep. I, 2,6: Cic. : to bearnie 
 lest p., studiuin [xjpuliuniiitere, Cic. Att. 
 10, 4, 2. iV. Adapted fin- general 
 
 use, irr actiuilly so used : Phr. : a p. 
 style, genus dictioiils ad vulgarem popu- 
 laremquesensum accomniodiatum, Cir.de 
 Or. I, 2?, ic8: to adopt a p. style, 
 [xipulariter loqiii, id. Fin. 2, 6, 17 a 
 p. treatise, liber popularlter acriptus ; 
 libt-r efwTtpiKos, id. 5, 5, 12: later, 
 exoterlcus is used as a Latin word ; 
 Gell. 20, 5, med : Vie p. name (of a 
 plani), popularenomen, I'iin. i},4,9^ 48 
 (see also common). 
 
 popularity : 1. fiivor populi, 
 
 Cic. .Sext. 54, 115: Suet.: or with geti. 
 of tite class anumgst vhom : e.g. vith 
 Vie plebeians, f. plebis, Liv. 7, 25, init.: 
 Tac. 2. siQdium populi (rather 
 
 stronger) : to lose one's p., s. populi 
 amitu-re, Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2 : his p. I'ith 
 the loner orders iras immense, •multi- 
 tudinls studia in eum ingentia eiant. 
 3, poei. pdpiilaris aura (breath of 
 popular applause): Virg. Aen. 6, 816 
 (pi.): Hor. (N.B.— Popularitas [Suet.] 
 = popular bearing or conduct.) 
 
 popularly : j. '"^o as to please 
 tlie people : pOpillarlter ■ Cic. Off. 2, 
 It. 7?. II. Jn a popular, kss exact 
 or sctentific manner : \, pfipula- 
 
 riter: Cic: v. popular (IIP 2). 2. 
 pervolgaie (after the current manner): 
 to speak p. rather than ignorantly, 
 p. magis quam Inscite loqui, Gell. 18, 
 10, med. 
 
 populate : v. to people. 
 
 populous : cC-lCber, bris, bre : a p. 
 and irealthy city, c. urbs et copiosa, Cic. 
 Arch, i, init.: the m/ist p. and largest 
 districts of the city, urbis partes cele- j 
 berrlmae et maximae, Auct. pro Dom. I 
 57. 146. Or expr. by cIrcumL, hominum ' 
 multitudine almndans: v. peopled. 1 
 
 populousness • expr. by multitude 
 incolaruni, hominum. 
 
 porcelain : murrha, ae ; murrhlna, 
 crura : v. china. 
 
 porch : 1. nearest word, vesti- 
 buluni (entrance court, before a house: 
 Smith's Ant. p. 427): v. ve.stibule. 
 2. vestibule of a temple, pronaus, i : 
 Vitr. }, 2 (I), 8. (As a school ol philo- 
 sophy, porticus, Siolci : v. Stoic.) 
 
 porcine : porcinus : PI. Sen. 
 
 porcupine : hystrix, icis,/. : Plin. 8, 
 
 pore {subs.) : 1, foramen, Inis, n. ; 
 p.s extending from the body to the soul, 
 t. quae ad aninium ex corpore patent, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 20, 47 : Cels. 2. hsiula 
 (elongated, as in sponge, the lungs, etc.) : 
 sponges with fine p.s, spongiae tenui f., 
 PUn. ji, 11,47. 
 
 pore (v.) : Phr.: p.ing over the dia- 
 grams II hich he had drau-n in the sand, 
 iiitentus formis quas in pulvere de- 
 scrlpserat, Liv. 25, Jl : to p. over an 
 author till one is pale, scrlpiorem [lallere 
 (poet.), Pers. I, 1 14 (=; assldue legeiido 
 pallere: cf. yuint. i, 2, 18, vltft umbra- 
 tica pallescere, to grow pale n-ith p.iny 
 over hooks in-<U>ors) : to p. over some- 
 thing in thought, in aliqua re animum 
 detigere, cf. Cic. Or. 2, extr. (N.B. — In- 
 cumbere alone denotes simply occu}^a- 
 timi for the time being ; cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 
 27,9. rur^us ceris et stilo incumbii, he 
 again busies himself with tablets and 
 pen.) 
 
 pork : 1. porcina (caro) : PI. Cap. 
 4, 2, 70. 2. sullla (caro) : roast p., 
 assa s.. Cels. J, 9, metl. : Plin. 
 
 porker : porcus. porcellus : V. pig. 
 
 porosity < rarltas: Cic. N. 1). 2, 
 
 porousness 5 5?. inH. (of sponges. 
 the lungs, etc.). Or expr. by adj. : v. 
 
 POROUS. 
 
 porous: 1. rams (u-ith particles 
 at ii-iile intervals from each other) : 
 Liicr. I, 548 (opp. solidus): Virg. G. 2, 
 227 (opp. densus). 2. fSraminosus 
 (late): Tert. (Better, foraniinibus abun- 
 dans, foramina habens, etc.) 
 
 porphyry : porphyrites, ae, m. : Plin. 
 
 j6, 7, II ^57. Afco, porphyritirummaj- 
 mor (saxuin) : Suet. .Ner. 50: Lampr. 
 
 porpoise : porc&lus marinus ; Plin, 
 9. «5, n 
 
 porridge : perh. puis, pultis,/. : Plin. 
 18, 8, 19 (there siated to have been Vie 
 original food of Italy). 
 
 porringer: p&tina: Phaedr. i, 16: 
 
 v. PLATE. 
 
 port: I. .^ har'iiur: portus, us: 
 the p. of Caieta, much frequerted and 
 cnncded n-Hh shijis, p. Caietae cfleljer- 
 rimujs atque pleuissimus navium, Cic 
 Mao. 12, ;;: v. harisocb. ||, Hear- 
 ing : geslus, ha ; Incessus, fis (in 11 alk- 
 ing): v. GAIT, gesture. |||. A nine: 
 (?) vinum Duneuse ; vinum Hispanlcum 
 rubriim. 
 
 portable: 'quod (facile) portarl 
 potest : 8<e also, moveable. (Portabills, 
 gi'stabilis, late.) 
 
 portage : vectiira : v. freight. 
 
 portal : v. gate. 
 
 portcullis : citarracta, ae. m. : Liv. 
 27, 28 (dcjicere c, to Unver it) 
 
 porte : *aula Turcica, Othmanensls. 
 
 portend : portendo, signlf Ico, dg- 
 nuntio, etc. : v. to fokemjde. 
 
 portent : ogtentnm, portenlum, mon- 
 strum (fsp. poet.): Cic. Div. 1, 42, 9}. 
 Also, prodigium (all the lenns pointing 
 to the pre-intim»tion conveyed by un- 
 usual events) : v. fbobigt. See also, 
 omen. 
 
 portentous : monstruSsus, prodl- 
 
 giOSUS: v. MoN.-iTROUS. 
 
 portentously : monstruose (mon- 
 strose): v. monstrously. 
 
 porter : j. "'">'' 'eho has diargr of 
 agate: 1. Janitor: v. gate-keki-kb. 
 2. ostiarius (the technical namr for 
 a janitor in private houses) ; Varr. i i ( 
 ad init.: Plin. 3. atriarius (laie) 
 IJig- II. ^'* ^'^o carries luggage, 
 
 etc.: bajulus: Gell. 5, }, init.: Cic. 
 (Laier, bajulator. Gloss.) Phr.: Vibe 
 a p., vecturas onerum corpore facere, 
 Gell. I.e. (Bajulare, to carry at a jiorter 
 does; in one instance or more.) |||. A 
 beverage : * cerevisiae genus qiind ex 
 bajulis nomen <apit. 
 
 porterage : * merces qtiae pro vec- 
 tura bajulo solvitur. 
 
 portfolio : scrlnium (desk) : Hor. 
 
 portico : porticus, iis, /. : spacioui 
 p.s, amplae (laiae, laxae) p., Virg. Aen. 
 }, ?5J : Cic. : Suet. 
 
 portion (subs.) : |. A part : 1. 
 pars : v. part. 2. portio (share, divi- 
 sion ; not in Cic.) : Just. : PUn. : v. 
 share. II, of a icife: dos, dolls,/.; 
 
 V. IMJWEK. 
 
 portion ('■•)•• I. 1^ distnbuU: 
 
 partior, parlio, 4 : v. to distkibutk. 
 
 II. To settle money on a daughter, 
 
 etc.: Phr.: filiae dotem dare, con- 
 
 ferre : v. dower. 
 
 portliness: habitus corporis opimus: 
 Cic. Br. 16, 64 (I)ignitas, as In the phrr., 
 formae dignilas, Cic. Off. 1, 56, no; 
 forma et species et slatura app<>.<ita ad 
 dignitatem, Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60 ; ex- 
 presses a loftier idea than the Eng. ; see 
 the places.) 
 
 portly : opimo corporis habitu : y 
 preceil. art. See also corpulent. 
 
 portmanteau : 1. vidulus (whence 
 Fr. i>alise): PI. Men. 5, 7, 49; et aL 
 2, mantica (a sort of travelling- 
 bag) : Hor. S. I, 6, 106. 
 
 portrait : imago, Inis, /. .- p.t 
 of the kings of Sicily, imagines SIciliae 
 regum, Cic Verr. 4, 55. 1 2? : p.s in pro- 
 file, obliquae I., Plin. j?. 8, 54 ij 56: pj 
 so exactly alike, 1. adeo Indiscretae simi- 
 lltudinis, lb. 5<, 10, }6 ^ 88. (N.B.— 
 Imago may equally well denote a jnir- 
 trait bust': hence, where ihe context 
 does not define, picia should be added.) 
 Phr.: to paitd Vie p. of Alexander, 
 Alexandrum ptngere, Plin. 35, 10, 56 
 ^ 85 : Hor. : he }>ai7itcd pj of the ge- 
 nerals, Iconicos duces pinxit, PUn. 5;, 8, 
 54 (de proelio apud Maratbona facto): 
 a p. statue, simulacrum iconlcum, Suet. 
 Cal. 22. (>imulacrum, effigies, appear 
 not to be used in gotxl authors for a 
 painted portrait ■ in Cic. Inv. 2, I, I 
 561
 
 PORTRAIT-PAINTER 
 
 POSSIBILITY 
 
 POST 
 
 the phr. simulacrum pingere, refers to 
 an vieal representation, not a portrait.) 
 portrait-painter: expr. by homines 
 pingere; Plin jji lo. 51 { HJ- 
 
 painting : P h r. : <o excel in p., 
 
 homines pingendo excellere ; animum 
 pingere et sensus humlnis exprimere, 
 cf. Plin. J5, lo, j6 5 98. 
 
 portraiture : |. L i t. : v. preced. 
 »rl. II. Delineation: Phr.: to excel 
 in p. of character, *\'itam moresque 
 hominum verbis optime exprimere et 
 'psos quasi ob oculos proponere. 
 
 portray: I. in cohurs: v. TO 
 
 PArNT. II. By words : 1. depiiigo, 
 nxi, ctum, j : to p. any one's charactei; 
 vitam alicujus d., Cic. H. Am. ^•^, ■74 : PI. 
 2. expingo, } : Cic. Tasc. 5, jg. 114. 
 See also to depict. 
 
 portress : Janitrix, icis : PI. 
 pose (s"te.) •■ status, us : v. posture. 
 pose (''■) •■ to noxplus, puzzle. 
 position : I. Sl^-te of being placed, 
 i. e. with, reference to other objects : 1, 
 posltio: the form and p. of each of the 
 stars, uniuscujusque stellarum forma et 
 p.. GeLL 14, I, med : Col. : yuint. 2. 
 posTtura: Lucr. 1,686: Gell. I.e. 3. 
 positus. lis (best used only in aid. sing , 
 or in pi.): the p.s and shapes of the 
 bones, (ossium) positus figur.ieque, Cels. 
 8, I, init. 4. situs, lis (usu. oi posi- 
 tion on a larger scale; e. g. geogra- 
 phical) : V. SITUATION". (Or expr. by 
 verb : to explain the relative p.s of the 
 parts, *quemadraodum particulae inter 
 ge dispouaiitur explicare : v. to ar- 
 range.) II, Of tin: body: v. posture. 
 III. Condition, state: status, vis: while 
 snch teas the p. of affairs before Capua, 
 quum in hoc s. res apud Capuam essent, 
 Liv. 26, 5, init.: v. state. Phr.: such 
 being the p. of nff'aiis, quae cum ita 
 Bint, essent : v. case. j V- Thesis : v. 
 proposition. Or expr. by verb: to 
 maintain a p., contendere, defendere, 
 etc.: V. to maintain (VXI.). 
 
 positive : I, Explicit, peremptory : 
 perh. directus (straightforward) : cf. 
 Liv. 21, 19, imt., d. percuiictatio et de- 
 nuntlatio belli. Join: directum, sim- 
 plex, Cic. R. Com. 4, II. See also 
 EXPLicrr. II. Hai'ing ceHainty : 
 
 certus, firmus : v. certain, sure. Phr.: 
 J cannot give any p. infmination about 
 them, de iis baud facile enHiiierlum nar- 
 raverim, Sail. Jug. i-;. As tech. term in 
 phil. : *positivus: p. philosophy, *philo- 
 Bophia positiva quam voluut, perhibeiu. 
 III. OpP- negative: affirniatlvus 
 (late) : Dium. (Cic. uses aiens, opp. 
 negans: Top. 11,49). ly. Confident 
 in assertion : expr. by affirmo, 1 : not 
 to be p. about anything, nihil af., Cic. 
 Div. 2, 2, 8. A p. statement, affirniatio, 
 id. 0£F. }, 29, 104: V. POSITIVELY. y. 
 In grammar: pOsilivus: Prise, i, init. 
 (The older term was absolutus ; as epith. 
 af substantives: e.g. abs. nomen, a momw 
 in the p. degree, cf. Quint. 9, j, 19; but 
 positivus is required as gram, term onlii.) 
 positively: I. £xp>esslt) ; dlserte: 
 Liv.: V. explicitly. ||, With strong 
 asseveration: 1. afBiniate: Cic. Off. 
 }, 29, 104: Gell. 2. afflrmanter 
 
 (rare) : Gell. 3. wit^h verbs of affirm- 
 ing, tirmiier, firme: to assert most p., 
 finnissiine asseverare, Cic. Att. 10, 14. 
 4, constanter (like preced.) Suet. 
 Vesp. 5 (constantissirae asse%'erare ). 
 Phr. : to assert p., affirmare, asseverare 
 (v. to assert, ma in pain) : to deny most p., 
 [cum] multa afflrmatione negare. Curt. 6, 
 II, fn. \\\. < 'trtaiiny : 1. certo (0/ 
 a certainty) ; not lo expect anything as 
 if it must p. come to pans, n'hil ita ex- 
 spectare quasi c. fiituruni. Cic. I'usc. 5, 
 28, 81. 2. expr. by compertus, certus : 
 to knoxK nothing n hatever p., nihil habere 
 cogniti, nihil conipeni, Ck. Clu. 4'j. i }i : 
 to promise p., pro cuniperto polliceri, 
 8uet. Ni-r. n. |y. Opp. lo negatively: 
 
 rrh. *affimia'ive (as logical term), 
 hr. : To be negatively rather than p. 
 Dirtuous, *magis carere vitlis quam vir- 
 tulibus ornari. In positive degree : ab- 
 8otuie ; or expr. by part. adj. absolutus ; 
 T. POSITIVB {fin.) 
 568 
 
 positiveness : ii assertion, afiRrm- 
 alio: v. positively (I.). 
 possess : I, To have as one's own : 
 1, e.xpr. by sum, with dut. of Kng. 
 subject, or in the case of bodily or mental 
 features, by gen. or abl. of quality: v. 
 to have. 2. possideo, sedi, ssum, 2 
 (in strict legal sense, denoting no more 
 than the holding of property : also in 
 gen. sense) : to p. much nealth, multa 
 p., Hor. Od. 4, 9. 45. Absol., top. landed 
 property: Callist. Dig. 47, 9, 7 (juxta 
 littora p.). 3. teneo, 2 : v. to hold, 
 occ UPT. II. To se ize, occupy the m ind ; 
 of emotions : invado, capio, incesso, etc. : 
 V. POSSESSION (to take). |1|. To have 
 entire amtrol and injiiience over (fig.) : 
 teneo, 2 : Virg. K. 1, J2 (of the object of 
 affection): Ov. Or expr. by totus: cf. 
 Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 10, fratris igitur tota 
 Thais est .' then does my brother possess 
 the affectionsof Thais f so, olane entirely 
 devoted to some deity, Dei totus, \'al. FL ; 
 *quem totum Deus tenet. 
 
 possessed (part, adj.) : perh. lym- 
 phatus (rnaddened), lymphaticus (suf- 
 fering from inadness): v. m.\tjdened. 
 (In Vulg. usu., daenionium habens, a 
 daemonio vexatus: pass.) Sometimes, 
 furibundus, vgcors, may serve : v. mad, 
 passion (iV.). 
 
 possession : I. Holding, occupa- 
 tion : pos^e6sio (not necessarily imply- 
 ing oiiiiership): to come into p., in p. 
 venire, Cic. Att. 4, 2, ad init. : to pro- 
 ceed to take p., in p. proficisci, id. Quint. 
 27, 85 : to be in p., in p. esse, ib. } 84 : to 
 send (any one) to take p., in p. mittere, 
 ib. 26, extr. : to dislodge from p., de p. 
 deturbave, ib. Ksp. in phr., to take or 
 obtain p.: (i.)lit. : (1). possideo, sedi, 
 ssum, 2 (as legal term = in possessionem 
 venire): to take p. of an estate vithout 
 a will, bona sine testamento p , Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 70, 283 : id. Quint. 6. (2). occfipo, 
 i: V. to SEIZE, occupy. (3). pSiior, 4 
 (to obtain p. of; become master of) : 
 foil, by abl. or gen. : to obtain p. of the 
 sovereignty, imperio p., Cic. B. G. i, 2 : 
 also, (illius) regni p., Cic. Fam. i, 7 : le.ss 
 (req. with ctcc., e. g. summam imperii p., 
 Nep. Eum. j : v. ma.stkr, subs. (L,fin.). 
 (ii.). fig., as of enwtttm: (1). capio, j: 
 fear took p. of the senate, metus seiiatum 
 cepit, Liv. 2?, 14, m^ed.: Ter. (but no 
 less freq. is the inverse statement, capeie 
 desideriiim, inimicitias, etc. : Per. : Cic). 
 (2). invado, si, sum, j (to fall upon: 
 with ace. or dat.) : v. to fall ox (11.). 
 (3). incedo, ssi, j (usu. with dat. ; less 
 freq. ace.) ; resentment seized on the 
 whole army, dolor toti exercitui incessit, 
 Caes. B. C. ?, 74 : Sail. : fear took p. of 
 the senate, ixvaor patres incessit, Liv. i, 
 17: Just. Phr. :^ IS nine points in 
 law, perh., occupantis melior est conditio, 
 Ulp. Dig. 14, 5, J. II. That which is 
 possessed : 1. possessio : he pr(mi ises 
 the soldiers lands out- of his own p.s, 
 militibus agros ex suis p. pollicetur, 
 Caes. B. C. I, 17 : Cic. Par. 6, i, 44. 
 2. b6na, orum ; fundus : v. pro- 
 perty', estate. Phr.: to have great 
 p.s, multa possidere, Hor. |||, By 
 
 evil spirits : expr. by daemonia (pi.) 
 habere : v. possessed. |V. Control 
 of one's emotions : v. sELF-possF.ssiON. 
 
 possessive : possessivus (in gram- 
 mar) : Quint. 1,5,45: Pnsc. 
 
 possessively ; *possessive (in 
 gram.). 
 
 possessor : 1. possessor (not in- 
 volving ownership): Cic. Ph. 5, 7, 20: 
 Gal. 2. dominus: v. owner, pro- 
 prietor. (Or expr. by verb: v. to 
 
 POSI^ESS.) 
 
 possibility : *possibTlitas (very late 
 and only to be used in philos. lang., for 
 precision, if at all) : Arn. Usu. expr. 
 by fieri posse: to inquire into the p. of 
 anything, *quaerere fieri quid possit 
 iiecne: there is a p. that. . . ., fieri potest 
 ut....: v. possible. Sometimes con- 
 ditio may serve ; esp. as opp. to eTentus 
 (actuality): cf. Cic. Rab. perd. 5, 16, 
 hanim omnium rerum mm solum 
 eventus scd etiani crmdifio. . . .ludigna 
 cive Romano est (Nagels. p. J9). 
 
 possible : 1. *possibills, e (a late 
 a'jd harsh word, appellatio dura: only 
 fit for technical lang.) : Quint, j, 8, 25 
 (Svi'aToi', quod BOitii possibile nominant). 
 2. usu. better expr. by posse : if is 
 p. I am mistaken, potest fieri ut fallar, 
 Cic. Fam. 1 ?, 7J : as far as p., ut potest 
 (sc. fieri), ib. 1,2, fin. (colloq.): oftener 
 as verb pers. : (/ did it) with all p. ear- 
 nestness and care, ut gravissinie dili- 
 gentissimeque potui, ib. 7, 17. 3. 
 expr. as. . .as possible, by quam, with su- 
 perl. of adjj. and ad vv. : to sow the largest 
 amount p., quam maximas sementes fa- 
 cere, Caes. B.G. I, J (or with posse expr.) : 
 as often as p., quam saepissinie, Cic. 
 Fam. I J, 6, f7i. : et pass. Ph r. : every 
 p. torture, mental and bodily, omnes 
 animi cruciatus et corporis, Cic. Cat. 4, 
 5, extr. : he icas suffering the greatest p. 
 agony, tantus aderat dolor ut nihil ad 
 ejus magnitudinem posset accedere, id. 
 Fin. 2, JO, init. : nhat p. crime have I 
 committed? quid tandem (likeGr. Trore) 
 admisi in me? PI. Men. 5, i. 12 : Cic. 
 
 possibly : usu. expr. by posse : as far 
 as I p. can, quantum valeo quantumque 
 possum, Cic. Fam. 6, 5, init. : as carefully 
 as I p. could, quam diligentissime potui, 
 id. 7, 17 : so that the law might not p. 
 be invalidated, ut omnino lex non posset 
 infirmari, id. Att. i, 2j, med. : I may p. 
 go to Rome, fieri potest ut Romam pro- 
 ficiscar : v. possible. Sometimes = 
 perchance: fortasse: v. perchance. 
 
 post (subs.) : I, A piece of wood 
 
 set erect : 1, cippus (esp. /or marking 
 the extent of a graveyard ; also, for a 
 boundary mark) : Hor. S. 1^8, 12: Scr. 
 Gromat. Goes. p. 88. 2. palus (rather 
 a stake than a post) : v. stake. 3. 
 pila: v. pillar, pile. Fig., to denote 
 stupidity, insensibility, trunous, stipes, 
 Cic. in Hs. 9, 19: also, lapis, Ter. Heaut. 
 4, 7, j: V. BLiiCKHEAD. ||. Military: 
 
 1. statio : to remain at one's p., 
 in s. manere. Ov. ,\I. i, 627 : cf. outpost. 
 
 2. ]lrae^idiun^ (strictly, a body of 
 men placed to guard) : to occvpi/ and 
 fortify a p , pr occujiare et munire, 
 Caes. B. C. ?, 45: to leave one's p., pr. 
 relinquere, Cic. fuse, j, 8, 17 ; pi aesidio 
 decedere, Liv. 4, 29. med. F i g. : to quit 
 the p. of life, de praesidio et statione 
 vitae decedere, Cic. Sen. 20, 7 J. 3. 
 locus (position, ground) : to abandon 
 the standards or quit one's p., signa 
 relinquere aut loco cedere. Sail. Cat. 9. 
 
 III. Ti-oops stationed in a position : 
 statio, praesidium: v. picqukt, guard. 
 
 IV. Office : q. v. Phr.: to appoint 
 to p.s of command, praeponere. prae- 
 ficere (v. to api'OINT): yours is a diffi- 
 cult p., provinciam cepisti duram, Ter. 
 Ph. I, 2, 22: holding a lucrative p., 
 *quaestuosae rei (curae) praepositus, 
 
 y . Public service, etc. : 1. cursus 
 publiciis : to travel p. haste, celeri mu- 
 tatione cursus publici vehi, Amm. 21, 
 9, med.: simply, to travel p., is cursu 
 publico uti. Cod. Just. 12, 51 {16: see 
 the whole chapter ("de cursu publico"): 
 the horses employed, veredi. Just. Cod. 
 I. c. J 7 ; equi cursuales, ib. $ 19: their 
 drivers (p.-boys), veredarii, ib. } i j 
 (whence, for Vie service, res veredaria, 
 Eichst. in Kr.). 2. cursus veiiiciila- 
 rius: Capit. Ant. P. 12: for which, res 
 vehicularia, Amm. 14, 11, ad init. (copia 
 rei v.daia). Phr.: to travel p., pn\>llcis 
 vebiculis uti, Amm. ib. infr. (N.B. — 
 To expr. modem travelling by post, with 
 ordinary hired vehicles, use, [celeri] 
 permutatione jumentorum facta iter con- 
 ficere: cf. Amm. ib. injr.) VI. The 
 letter post : *iabellaiii publici (or sing.) : 
 to send a letter by p., *t. publici officio 
 uti, VVyttenb. in Kr. . to be at the head 
 of the p.,*ta.b>'l\i\n\s publicis praepositum 
 esse. (Cursor publiius seems less suited 
 to denote our modem postal service.) 
 
 post ("•)•■ I. To fastis up a no- 
 tice : propono, pSsiii, itum, } : with in 
 publicum, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, extr. (legem 
 in publicum prop.); in publico, id. Att. 
 8, 9, I. Or expr. by insciibo, proscribe; 
 cf. I'er. Heaut. i, 1, 92, inscripsi aedes 
 mercede (Ip.'d up a notice of %ale of the
 
 y OST A G E 
 
 P O T T E R V 
 
 POUR 
 
 tvcmse) : and CIc. y. Fi . 2, 6, m^d., tabulam ' 
 proscripsit {he ji.'d up a noUce) : id. Off. 
 }, 16, 66, insulaiu proscripsit {he p.'d up 
 a notice of sale of a house). ||. 'lo \ 
 $taiion lTw>\is: 1. coiistUuu, i, utura, 
 } . Gies. B. G. I, 41, etc. 2. l'^*-'"' ' • 
 to p. lite cavalry in front of the iviiigs, 
 •Kjuites pro comibus 1., Quint. 2, 1 j, J : 
 811II. ; Liv. Also, C0II6C0, I ; Caes. B. 
 (j. I, 58(occupato oppido, ibi pniesidiuni 
 collocat ; the compound implies more 
 of permanence tliitn Ibe simple verb). 
 3. pono; dispone {to p. at intir- 
 vats) : T<> TLACK, ARltANUK. |||. With 
 pron. rett. ; to post imeself : 1, con- 
 sido, sedi, sessum, ? (esp. as milit. term) : 
 lie p.'d himself at the foul of a mountain, 
 sub inonle coosedit, Caes. B. G. i, 48 (ei 
 pass.) : Sail. 2. ^ V- onesilf in or 
 on a place: insido, j: tlfi/ p.'d tliem- 
 telie.'i in the I'ai/, viara inseden-, Liv. 2i, 
 }^,fin. : i/oup.'d yourselves on the Aven- 
 tine, Aventiiiiim Insedistis, id. 9, $4: 
 Tac. Also, ijisideo, 2 (to be p.'d some- 
 where) : toll, by direct ace., Liv. 21, ?2, 
 med. (apparuenmt lunndos iiisideiiies 
 barbari) . Tac. |V. I'o put a letter 
 into the p. : nearest word, do, i. irr. 
 (tabellario being understood): I have 
 never had an opportunity of p.iny a 
 letter to you, litteras ad te nunquam 
 habui cui darem, Cic. P'ani. 12, 19. 
 (N.B. — It was a frequent practice to 
 Indicale the plaice where a letter uas 
 •"posted" at the end: f . g. Cic. Att. 5, 
 12, extr., dat. Q^ data] xvi. Kal. Se.xt. 
 'I'hessalonlcae.) More precisely, jx-rh. 
 •(epi>tolam) capsae tabellariae publicae 
 committere. V. '^'<^ travel by post : 
 Phr. : (celeri) jumentorum permiita- 
 tiotie ufi; vchiculis publlcis nti (where 
 Ih'jre is a public service of post- luirses) : 
 V. rosT, .'iiibs. (V.). Fig., to travel 
 rapidly (Milt.) : propero, etc. : v. to 
 HASTE.v. Vl, 'I'o enter in a ledger : 
 V b r. : ex advei .saiiis in codicem referre, 
 Cic. K. Com. 5. 8. 
 
 postage: I'lir. : to pay the p., pto 
 vectura epislolae solvere (v. FRKniHT): 
 the p. of It-tiers is to be prejiaid. *pro 
 vectura cpistolanim solveiiduni est 
 quum (tabellario) duntur. 
 
 pOSt-bov : vgredariiis: v. i>OsT (V.). 
 
 — chaise ; vfihlculum publicum 
 (for the u.se if persons traV'llitig on 
 public sennce) ; Amm. 14, 11 : also, rheda 
 cursualis. Imp. Cod. 
 
 — date : "diem seriorem scribe, 
 appono. 
 
 posterior («&■) ••posterior: v.hindkr 
 {adj.). 
 
 posteriors {subs.) .• nates, ium, /. ; 
 Juv. 
 
 posterity: 1. posteri, omm {<ie- 
 
 sceniian ts) : to exact penalties from 
 children, grandchildren, p., a liberis, ne- 
 poiilius, p., puenas expeiere, Cic. N. I). }, 
 }8, init.: H^r. : Tac. 2. JKisliiritas 
 (in more al'slract sense, after-times or 
 people) : to be known to p. {after-ages), 
 posleritati notum esse, Cic. Am. 4, 15: 
 to have regard to p., po^terilati servire, 
 id. Tusc. I, 15, extr.: late ji., .sera p., 
 Ov. I'ont. 4, 8, 48. (X.B.— I'u be used 
 with care; as it strictly means nothing 
 more than, the total if what folUnvs : 
 cf. Caes. B.C. 1, i}, posteritatis rationem 
 habere = <o luxre legurdto after-conse- 
 quemes.) 3. mlnoies. um ( = jKJsteri : 
 poet.) Virg. 4. when referring to 
 the iiotice or meinoiy of after-ages, often 
 expr. by mOniuria : to hand, donn to 
 p., memoriae priKif re: v. to haxu ix)WN. 
 Join: ad nunioriam j)o.stcritatenifiue 
 prodere. Cic. Verr. 5, 14, [6. 
 
 postern : postica, posiicum {back- 
 door). 
 
 post-haste : v. post, subs. (V.). 
 
 horse: equus cursualis: Cod. 
 
 Just. IJ, 51, 19 vercdus (for a courier), 
 ib. 5 7 : V. ro.sT, V. 
 
 posthumous: patre mortuo natus: 
 Auct. ill (ill'. 2, 16 (ace. 10 whom, pos- 
 tumus meant simply last-lnrrn : but 
 others make pos iimus := patre mortuo 
 natus, Varr. L. L. 9, 58, 60: v. Gell. 
 1. c.>. Phr.: a p. poem, *poema morluu 
 suctore prnnum edltum. 
 
 POStil : •postilUi, ae: Keel, 
 postilion : v. post-imji. 
 
 posting (JMfcs.) : V. J-o.sT, rubt. (V.). 
 
 post-man : tabellarius (a private 
 lelttr-cai ritr): Cic. Kp. pass. In mo- 
 dern sense, 't. publicus. 
 
 master: *M''' tabellarlis pub- 
 
 licis praeest, praeposltus est. 
 
 - office : perh. m- Msa (s. labema) 
 tabcUaria : v. OFFr<:K (V'.j. 
 
 postpone : difRro, prOrOgo, rejicio : 
 v. To ri r OFF. 
 
 postscript : •' ll r- : '« «<*<* « brief 
 p., *paiica subjicere epIsUilae : / will 
 rejily first to your p., •primum respondebo 
 ad ea quae in exirema e]iist«la tua sub- 
 jecisti. (As abbrevlaiioii, fierh. P. S., 
 though without cla.vilcal authority.) 
 
 postulate : "postulatum (as phil. 1. 1.). 
 
 posture : 1. sliiius, us (strictly, 
 in standiiu/) : an unbecoming p., s. in- 
 decorus,(^uint. I, 11, 16 : to change one's 
 p. frequently, crebro comrauiare status, 
 Pl.iMil. 2, 2, J}: Cic. 2. babitus, us 
 (in Cic. always of the permanent features 
 of the body or mind) ; to imitate any 
 one's movements, p. and gait, allcujus 
 molum, h., inces.sum imitari, .Suet. CI. 4 
 Sen. 3. gestus, us: v. GE-vruKK. t'. 
 in sitting may be expr. by sessio, Cic. 
 DfT. I, J5, 129 (status, ince.-sus, sessio, 
 accubltio. ..teneant illud decorum): or 
 a verb may be used : he fiainted Lucius 
 in a sitting p., Lncium sedenteni pinxit, 
 I'liti.: most of the deities of the Egyp- 
 tians are represented in a silting p., 
 *plerafque Aegyptiorum deorum effigies 
 sedentes [in soliis] ponuntur. .See also 
 GAIT. For posture of affairs, v. i-osi- 
 
 TIOX, STATE. 
 
 posy : ''■ NosEGAv. 
 
 pot (subs.) : 1, oUa (old fonn, 
 aula): earthen p., o. ficiilis. Col. 8, 8, 
 med.: used for boiling things in, Cato 
 K. K. 158. " 2. aheiiiim or aeniim (a 
 copper kettle or caldron) ; Virg. Aen. i, 
 21 i : Juv. 
 
 pot (>■■■) •■ ollis condire : v. to pre- 
 
 SKRVK. 
 
 potable : potabTlis, e : Aus. 
 
 potash: *.siU alkalimis (li. and A.). 
 
 potato : *solaiiuiii tubirosum (Lin.). 
 The tubers themseliys, perh. tubera, una, 
 H. ; v. Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 pot-bellied : ventrlOsus: PI. As. 2, 
 J, 20. (Or by circuniL, ventre projecto, 
 Suet. Ner. 51.) 
 
 boy : *I)iier tabernarius. 
 
 companion : comblbo, onis : 
 
 Cic. Kam. g, 25. 
 
 potency: vis: v. efficacv. 
 
 potent: potens; efficax: v. powf.r- 
 Ftil,, EFFICACIOUS. Phr.: why are the 
 s/iells less ji. ^ cur minus valent venena? 
 Hor. Kpod. 5, 61. 
 
 potentate : princeps, rex, tyrannus : 
 
 v. SOVKRKIGX. 
 
 potential : *p6tentiaUs, e (os gram. 
 t.t.): M. L. 
 
 pot-herbs : perh. herbae pulmen- 
 tariae. 
 
 hook : uncus (gen. term) : v. 
 
 HOOK. 
 
 house : caupona ; taberua cau- 
 
 ponia : v. ink, tavkrs. 
 
 potion : pStio (esp. medical or con- 
 taining poisim) : Cels. : CIc. 
 
 potsherd : tcsti Nep. Cim. ? ( = Or. 
 
 oorpaKoi' : Ov.: I'lin.: Vulg. Job ii. •). 
 Dimin. testula. a small p.: Nep. Arist. 
 I ( ^=o<TTpaKOv) : Col. 
 
 pottage : jus. jftns, ■"■ {broth, soup) : 
 Cic. Tusc, 5, 54, 98. 
 
 potter; figiilus: Juv. 10, 171 : CoL : 
 Plln. (fp.s, potter's- : ^ I ). f igfilaris, e : 
 o p.'s wheel, rota f., PI. Kp. I, 2, J5 : /).«' 
 c/(i//, creta 1., C<il. (2). tiglinus : pj' 
 clay, enta f , \'arr. 
 
 pottery : I. r/ie art : ars figull ; 
 Forcell. : Kr. Or perh. ars figularis: v. 
 preceii. art Phr.: Coroebus invent'd 
 ]i.. figlinas {sc. fodlnas) Coroebus invenit, 
 I'lin. 7, 56, 5'; i "48. (Figlina, ae, /., 
 though given in most Iwoks, isqnesiion- 
 able.) II. A manufactory : figlinae, 
 arum : (strictly, the claii pits) : to cany 
 on a p., f. exercere, Varr. K. R. i, 2. 
 ad tin.: Plin. |||, The tilings made : 
 
 1. tigliiium opus: {Zeuxis) alf', j',o- 
 duced p., fecit et f. opera, Piin. {5. 10, 
 j6 } 66 : Used absol., figlinum (* c. opu>), 
 id. i4, 1 8, ;o. 2. tictllia, ium («c vasa) . 
 
 V. KAl:THKNWAl:t. 
 
 pouch : perh. pera {bag, vaLit) : 
 Pbaedr.4, is: Mart. Or saccus, saccul.w 
 
 V. SACK, HA'.. 
 
 poulterer : 'qui gallinas ceterasqa» 
 aves veiidil. 
 
 poultice (««/«.).• 1. milagma, 
 
 atis, 11. (an emollient p , fJac-d on the 
 unbruised skin) : O-ls. 5, 17, 2, tqq.: 
 I'lin. 2. emplastrum (madr if mate- 
 rials carefully pounded, and applied to 
 uounds. uUeri, etc.) : Cels. I. c (in ch. 
 
 19, is a list of emplasira ; most of which 
 are plasters rather titan poultices). (Not 
 fomentum, which is a sootliimj appli- 
 cation of varm fluid.) A mutlard-p., 
 sinapisiiius : CueL Aur. 
 
 poultice (••'•)■• nitli mustard, sina- 
 pizo, I : Veg. Vet I, 6, II. Oi other pj, 
 expr. by, malagma lnjicere, imponerc: 
 cf. Cels. 5, 17, 2. 
 
 poultry : aves cohortales (_fann 
 yard p., not including waler-foul. or 
 birds kept m cages): Col. 8, I. (Varr. 
 R. R. }, }, init., u.ses the circuml , allies 
 quae intra parietes vilUe solent pasci : 
 volatile pecus. Col. 8, 4, is an ornamented 
 expr.; and villaticum genus pa.-tlonis, 
 Varr. R. R. j, 2, med., includes bees, and 
 other creatures [excepting cattle] reared 
 uithiit the farm premises.) Fatted p., 
 altiles, ium {sc. aves : for the table) : 
 Hor. Kp. I, 7, J5. 
 
 yard : cOhors (chors), rtis, /. .- 
 
 Col. 8, } : Varr. 
 
 pounce {subs.) : 1. e. poievUr (for- 
 merly) used for blotting: pulvis: v. 
 
 POWUF.R. 
 
 pounce upon(i.)- 1. involo.i: 
 
 v. TO FLV AT. Fig.: lo p. upon pro- 
 perty. In possessionem inv., Oic. de Or. j, 
 JI, 122. 2. insilio, 4; v. to si-binu 
 UFON. 3. corripio, ui, reptum, i (to 
 seize quickly and violently) : he pj upon 
 the lamb and ttars him in pieces, (ag- 
 num) correptum lacerat I'baedr. i. I, 
 
 extr. : V. TO SEIZE, FALl. IIX. 
 
 pound {subs.) : ]. The weight : 
 
 1. libra : sometimes with pondo 
 
 (pondus) added : a gold cron-n neighing 
 
 a p., corona aurea libram pondo, Liv. 4, 
 
 20, med.: Varr. (1. pondus, L. L 5, }6. 
 169): Plin. Weighing a p.. librAia: Col. 
 6, 2, med. : Plin. : also, librarius, Col. 1 2, 
 5 ?, fin. : Gell. : weighing three p.s. trl- 
 libris, Hor. S. 2. 2, J{ ; four ;<.«, qua- 
 drilibris, PI.: hcJf a p, selibra, Cato 
 H. R. 84 : Liv. (])ondo may be added aa 
 with libra) ; a quarter of a p., quadrans 
 (pondo). Col. 12, 20. med.: a p. and 
 a halj, sestiiiilibra, ib ; two pj and a 
 Italf, *duae librae et semisses (v. half : 
 also, ounce). 2. in 'arge quantities 
 pondo, indecl. (librae being understood): 
 20.000 p.s of silver, argenti (xmdo millia 
 viginti, Caes. B. C. 2, 18: Cic. || 
 Value twenty shillings : *libra Anglica: 
 Wyttenb. in Kr. |||, Knelosure : 
 *septum publicum (pecudibus vagis iu- 
 cludeiidi.-i). 
 
 pound (f ) •■ I. To pulrerite by 
 
 beating : 1. tCro, trivi, turn, j . to p. 
 ■with mortar and jiestle. morurlo pis- 
 tilloque t., Plin. JJ, 8,41. .■M.<o. con- 
 tero, J (ivtens.) : Col. 2. pii'so, ul, 
 
 pistum, i to p. whe>it {in a mortar), 
 iriticum p., Oato R. \l 14 : Plin. 3. 
 tundo. tuliidi, tiinsum and tiisura, ) : to 
 reduce to a fine ponder byp.ing, in p<^il- 
 linem t, Plin. 19. 5. 29: t"p. in a mortar, 
 in pila t., id. 1 1, 22.4! Col. Alsocomp. 
 contundo, tudi, tilsum. j : Cato : Col. 
 II. 7'o .•■/(Ut op stray cattle : inclridu, 
 J : V. TO SHIT vv. 
 
 povindage : •inbutum quod per 
 singuhus jH'iido libras exigltur. 
 
 pounding (■'"<«•) ; P'stara: Plin. 18, 
 10, 2;. 
 
 pound-pear : perb- plmm v6l5muni 
 (siiiR. rare) Virg. i. 2,68: Cato; Col. 
 (Or lit., pirum librale). 
 
 pour: A. Trans.: fundo. fiidi, 
 sum, ! : to p. from a saucer, e patera f., 
 Cic. Div. I, 15,46; de patera, Hor. Od. 
 <69
 
 V. TO F^„,'..rnr. '^•.fTi"^'""; 
 crowds : exDr bv fi,„H„ "• *^ ' 8' <>/ 
 either mthm'^I I.h ' "'" '^"'"Pounds ; 
 y. foU. am. ^ • '^'■^- °' "^ '•«^- pass. ; 
 
 pour along (in/n) .- fgro, j irr ■ ,« 
 refi.pass., .,r with Vw rr^ !hl"- 
 pj along into thp 1^.7^.' ■^■- '''* "^^'^ 
 
 irTroS'^ ^''""■•^•' "'•'^"mfundor, 
 defi^o^°,^J , A. Trans..- i 
 
 hostiu^'m demiuu^r '"^i-"- » -pita 
 1 HpiTpin •. -.t •''• ^n trans.: 
 
 With se omi.ted Uv M rcVT^' •; '''f 
 vis aquae dejecissetl o '^ ' " ■*^"'* 
 
 •n s^e rueV'aUnt)"^.' Va°rt'' ^T"™ 
 
 ~ lorta or ouf • A r , ^ 
 
 1. effimdo, r rare in 1^" ^"^^nf-' 
 
 Which rather.'/undo ex def'''^' ^°^ 
 
 lUndo. I ( freeU, \.2l: '?' *• P^O 
 
 otl Z-s^l^u ^?.,i''*' ^^•>'-'* 
 1. effundo. ,: with »?^ "J '" " '• '■ 
 
 /'••'^ 'v^S) "/or /c:- If •■•• "^ 
 
 BUSHPORTH """"'"^*)- See also to 
 ff»n f ('i'"'""'o. to bf'tt/e wine ) 6" 
 
 ^ andlr."c'o,- ,^'- -"f . Witt 
 (more nsii - t<. r^ v„ .^' '"'"^'do, i 
 *■»»/»•.), Cl h,r^r y- -^'sPwhere, (ib. 
 
 Virg. 3 ammrtl^" '^r*^'"' -^ '''«») •• 
 d<4: nin.-,2 2^ ' ^^''^ '^^ =«<1 
 570 
 
 PRACTICABrE 
 
 poverty : I L i r ■ t 
 
 Par 6 : f^'^^^ *•= mendici^, Cic' 
 
 ? i6 ?T wvf " -u '*"• P- "np-rtuna, ib. 
 <• *", i7 1 dura, ib. 4, o, 40 Tpr •» 
 
 inopia V TV-ANT « /t^ . ^'^^ *' 
 
 «nstadomi..^}uv. ..fe/P"^'-,'-^?,^ 
 ness. inadequac!, : 1 egestis • ?T; 
 
 mlagrkn-ess. ** 
 
 V. DESTITUTE, POOR «OJ/(t»_) ; 
 
 ^/'n„A:^.,«tt^.'5^^-, ^^ Veres i^IMj" 
 conspergo: V. to spkiClI p^^\'T„ 
 p. the hair, *puivere capiHan uii ' 
 
 (<^"°^:'c7c'^-' P"''- P"lveriilentus 
 6iWr,?^/P"^^'''-^'^^0v.Med.fac 
 v.ffio™ ••^'•^''f'i.- 1. Vis, Vires: 
 
 over hU subZtsv,tfC'^^ ""? '^'^^ 
 habet p., ciesV^%''^^i'*'J';« [" ""os 
 
 -Y/-; in Potestateh'ab^^re. LivT.T 
 
 ftv cm,qui4o,- treaty ,^"U'"">"''''^ 
 
 smm redigere. .Vep. M i t , ^6i^ rf° " 
 pote.stas ac ditio, Cic. Ver^ ^ , /a"!!? 
 .n(a..cujus)fide.acp.[v;^;/efc9^- 
 
 F^u^^ti3S~? 
 
 rvjJ^J ,1. , '"* saiictim, of the 
 
 (oitenfr, painap<.testa.s): cf sum- (\\ . 
 "• "'"^•- <-"^t- Esp. joined with a 
 
 duionen.que recipere, Liv. 2,^^/ 1° i"? 
 suh^al,c„,^sditi.„eatquei|^Kl' 
 
 omnium-'surn,a''r"run,P^Cr RepT .f 
 
 tuVinn2se:ttrv°^;rr -p. 'J"-°- 
 multum po.:!'caeI- R^G'.r/o':^^^: 
 
 2 ?^ irf- ''™<"-"'° tenendorum, Llv 
 IbLI^oIe"- ^^ ^^^- "y P°^^- v.- 
 
 id.?s°''pS,idus.K'^""',"^-- ^•«'- 
 strJng M » '■ P'^aevalens: v. 
 
 ^^".rd^opoteniiss'l'n^Tege'rCin',^- 
 
 Potens. Cic. Rep 2 ^ ''*"'^2 "^^s et 
 
 (like preced V c^a V.\ 3. valens 
 
 turn pos^^i-ie*;;*: V howeT/i,^-' T\ 
 
 [li.W.tu.1; tllSZJ^^ij-] 
 
 va.en\io:ra^rntr7/nt"~' 
 
 Xniis^r^rrss ^^^^^^^-°' 
 
 «A« oligarchy 4rat^V^^ ^^ °^"'"** 
 poten.iam invS r '5,rr/"'" 
 
 "ne moribus vanc^ promnm riT' 
 Poicerless unth^ut v^tJ)aTli^f' 
 'rruum remedium. tTc ' H "^4 «Tt''^' 
 
 VAIN, FRUm F<!.s T^y -,'*• '''•V. 
 
 Cic Verr J ?; ^° *«-?•• "'bil valere, 
 valere, id! Fam /^^^ • «°- "inimun, 
 Matius in Cic Fan ' ?i V« ^'"'"'".Jr 
 
 de??^.^"^^": •variaiae.arun.rSy- 
 
 practicabUitr: v.foii.aru 
 
 efficiend.tL^cu^;i&-]«7^babeat 
 <.uaerere.^-.^Xt^i.r'q"^^
 
 PRACTICAL 
 
 PRAISEWORTUT 
 
 PRAY FOR 
 
 qnac opianda vidc.intur: a p. breach, 
 (miteniuiii) ruina quae sails palct ut 
 militee (in u|i|iidiiiii) vadant, cf. Liv. 21, 
 II, fm. ; ib. c. 14. St-e also po&sible. 
 
 practical: I. Kxperimental ; not 
 merely theu' tiical : expr. by u.-^us, us : 
 uvnderful p. krvm le<U/e of the art of 
 war, mli'iticus u.siis in re mlliiari, CIc. 
 Sext. s. 11 ■ P- iicqiiaiiitaiic iHth the 
 bar, usas cxficitutiiiqut-lorcnsis, id. I>iv. 
 Verr. 15, imt.: of p. ute, in usu neces- 
 •arius, id. I.<i'k'. i, 4, 14: a p. treatite, 
 • liber ad u^uni (urtis) accommodatuB. 
 
 II. Relatimj to human life and 
 morals : e.\pr. Iiy usus (viiae), vita, 
 Inure8, etc. I'li r. p. > ules if conduct, 
 praectpta quibu:i Usus viiae coritimiari 
 poiisit, id. Off. ., t, init. ; praeccpta 
 quae ad Institiuionem vitac (coniinuijlB) 
 spectant, id. Off. I. {, init. : p. phikisophit, 
 philosupbia in (jua df buniinuin vita et 
 morlbus di.-putalur, id. Br. 7, ?i ; (ea) 
 quae est de viia la moribus philo.supbia, 
 id. Tusc. J, 4, 8 : tite affairs if p. life, 
 (eae) res quae tractanlur in vita, id. 
 Off. I, 5, extr. ; cf. acliu viiae, ib. } 17 : 
 p. results, actio rerum : v. Nagels. p. 58. 
 As pbil. t. t., p. philosophy (opp. theo- 
 retical), pbilosopbia acilva (opp. con- 
 templativa), Si'n. Kp. 9;. lO. (I'racticus, 
 V. late and rare.) |||. Of a pi-rsun, 
 possessing experimental not llieoie'ical 
 knousU'Lge : *qui rem usu callet , qui 
 alicujus rei niagnum usuin habet. 
 
 practically : usUi ex usu : v. gxfr- 
 
 BIENCK. 
 
 practice : I. Actual employment 
 or experience : \, usus, us: the p. of 
 speaking (upp. theory), loquendi u. (opp. 
 sclentia), Cic. Or. 48, i6o. Oft. with a 
 syn. : e. g. usus ac tractalio [dicendi], 
 id. Off. I, 18, 60; usus exercilatioque, id. 
 Div. Verr. i;, init. 2. e.\ercitatlo : 
 the arts and (constant) p. of virtue, artes 
 et exercitationes virtu turn, id. Sen. j, 9. 
 Join: exerciliiti'iususque [dicendi], id. 
 Coel. 11, 54. (N.B.— Usus is the word 
 of wider extenu) 3. tractatio : with 
 usus: V. supr. See also EXPKRitNCE. 
 
 II, Custom: consuetiido: the inhu- 
 man p. of human sacrifices, inimauis c. 
 hominum itumolandorum, Cic. Font. 10, 
 21 : it is mit m,y usual p., non est c. 
 meae, Id. Rab. perd. init. To get into 
 the p. of doing something, insuescere, 
 consuescere: v. to accustom onesklf. 
 
 III. Exercise of any profession : 
 Phr. : to hai'e an extensive p. as a bar- 
 rister, *multas causas actitare ; In foro 
 multum versari : he had a large p. as a 
 physician, *medirus erat praecipuae 
 celebritatls. |V Only in pi. = course 
 of conduct ; esp. of an underhand or 
 reprehensibh' nature : artes cf. Sail 
 Cat. 2, med. (inii>erium facile his artibus 
 retlnetur quibus initio partuni est) : so, 
 id. J, malae artes ; to be guilty of cur- 
 rupt p.s (.in law), jura et exempla 
 cormnjpere, Die. : v. to tamper with. 
 
 V. Actual doing : usu. not to be 
 expr. : to gain fame by the p. of justice, 
 cltmency,etc., *justitia, climentia nomen 
 famamque consequi, etc. 
 
 practise : I. '0 exercise : 1. 
 exerceo, 2 : to p. rhetoric, rhetoricen ex.. 
 Quint. I, I. i : to p. oneself in extem- 
 porary .speech, ex. se in subitis diction- 
 ibns, Cic. de Or. i. }j, 152: v. to ex- 
 BBCISE. 2. tracto, I (to deal much 
 
 with) : to p. an art, artem t., I'er. I'h. 
 prol. 17. II, To do habitually : 1. 
 factito, I : these things were i>.d in the 
 timf of our ancestors, haec apud majores 
 nostros factitata, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85. 2. 
 cfilebro, I (to mgage in frequently or 
 reguUvrlfi) : a k-i-id of divination p.d 
 both in pulilic and private, genus di- 
 vinaiionis publiw privatimque cel.bra- 
 turn, Cic. Div. 1, 2, imt. : cf. de Or. i, 
 init., artes ceU-brare atque T- colere. 
 Phr.: to p. what one preaclies, quae quls 
 doceat in u.sn halx-re, Pliii. Kp. i, 10, 11. 
 
 III, To pursue a tailing: 1. facio, 
 J : to p. tlie calling of a southsaiier, 
 haruspicinani I., Cic. Fam. 6, 18. Also 
 frequent, facllto, 1 : to p. physic, medi- 
 cinam f., Quint. 7, 2, 26: I'Lacdr. 2. 
 ezerceo, 2: to p. physic, mediclnam ex., 
 
 Cic. Clu. 6?, extr. Phr.: to p. as a 
 fileculer, causaa agere, actitare (v. to 
 l-LEAL), II.): not to be allowed to p., *a 
 foro remuveri. |V. To go carejully 
 over a lesn/n : niJdiKjr, i : v. to stouv. 
 practised (pan. wij.): \. exer- 
 cliatus: opp. rudis, Cic Ph. 6, 6, 17 
 (wliere the conipar. ^>ccur^) : p. in arms, 
 ex In arniis. Caes. B. C. i. 57 also loll, 
 by ad .nd gerundive, Cic. Verr. 5, ;4, 142 
 (iiciores ail pulsiindos hi^mlncs cx'-rclta- 
 ti-i-iini) : a p. speaker, 'in dicendo exi-r- 
 ciiatus. 2. pfiritus: v. expkkienced. 
 3. expr. by versatus (which how- 
 ever diies not be<'<)me adj.) : uell p. in 
 militaiy and civil commands, in im- 
 [x'riis magistratibusque multum v„ Nep. 
 Milt. 8. 4. expr by Cisus, us: to be 
 p. in anything, magnum in aliqua re 
 usum habere, Caes. B. G. I, $9 : v. EX- 
 FERIENCK. 
 
 practitioner : usu. medicus : see 
 
 aUo TO PRA( Tl.lK (111.). 
 
 praetor : praetor, oris : Liv. 
 
 praetorian : 1. praetorius (re- 
 lating to the praetor or his office) : p. 
 oflice, p. poles as, Cic. Man. 24, 69: f>. 
 cohort (i. e. the connnander's body- 
 guard), p. cohors, Caes. B. G. I, 40. 2. 
 praetoriiinus (relating to the com,- 
 mander s body-guard, coliors praetoria) : 
 the p. cohorts, p. cobortts. Plin. 9, 6, 5 : 
 Tac. : Suet. In pi., praetoriani, tlie p. 
 guards ■ Suet. Tib. 25. Commander of 
 tIte p. guards, praefectus praetorio, Tac. 
 H. I, I? (but also, p. praetorlanarum 
 cohortium), Suet. Tit. 4. etc. 
 
 praetorsbip : praetiira : pass. Also, 
 praetoria polestas : v. praetorian. 
 
 pragmatic sanction : pr<igniatica 
 saiictio, jussio : v. Smiths Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 pragmaticus. 
 
 pragmatical : p«rb. mSlestus, 6dio- 
 sus. See also meddler. 
 
 prairie : *ciimpus latissime patens 
 herbisque luxuriantibus obsitus. 
 
 praise (subs.) : laus, dis, /. (gen. 
 term) to ttestow p. on any one, laude 
 aliquem afficere, Cic. Off. 2, I j, fn. ; 
 stronger, ornare aliquem laudibus, id. 
 Ph. 2, II, 25; aliquem [summis] laudi- 
 bug [ad coelum] efferre, id. Fam. 9. 14 : 
 to set doiitt to any one's p.. alicui laudi 
 dare, id. Tubc. i, 2, 4; in alicujus laude 
 ponere. Id. Verr. j, 91, 212. (l>audatio 
 = act of praising ; set eulogy.) Phr. 
 to detract from any one's p., detrectare 
 aliquem. Sail. Jug. $\,extr. : more freq. 
 with non-personal object, as virtutes de- 
 trectare, lAv. j8, 49, med. See also 
 
 GLORY. 
 
 tJraise ("•) •■ 1. laudo, i : to p. in 
 gloiving terms, magnifice 1., Cic. Br. 7J, 
 init. : et pass. Strengthnncd, collaudo, 
 I (to p. naimli/): id. de Or. i, 8, }o: 
 Caes. 2. expr. by laus, with a verb : 
 to p. any rnie highly, aliquem laudibus 
 efferre, ornare, celebrari- (v. praise, 
 subs.): to be p.d, 1. batjere, Cic. Br. ij, 
 50 ; also. In laude esse (to be much or 
 generally p.d), id. Verr. Act. i, 17, ;i : 
 Cuaii vates are mtist highly p.d, Cois 
 amphorls I. est nia.sima, I'lin. ;;, 12, 46. 
 3. effero, exluli, eliitum, }, irr.: 
 to admire and p. anything, aliquid mi- 
 rari et ef, Cic. Vt-rr. 4. 56, 124: but 
 effi-ro occurs more freq. with laudibus: 
 V. pRAisK (subs.). 4. other words which 
 may sometimes serve are. praedico, i 
 (to talk mwh or openli) about . cf. .Nep. 
 Timol. 4. laudes alicujus praedicare : 
 used liy latiT writers =; laudo); vendlto, 
 I (to cry lip, as a vendor his wares) : 
 cano, canto (to sing any one's piai>^es 
 in terse): dico, t ( =cimio;cf. Hor. Od. 
 4, 2, 18, pugilemve equunive dicit, sc. 
 Pmdarus) : v. to itOAST, sing. 
 
 praiser : 1. lamlator, /. -trlx : 
 
 Hor. A. I'. 175: Cic. (collaudator, late 
 and not good). 2. praediciitor (pro- 
 claimer) : Cic. 
 
 praiseworthily : laudabinter : Cic. 
 (Also, cum fniagiui, suninia] laude.) 
 
 praiseworthy : 1. laudaWlis, e : 
 
 Cic. Off I, 4, fin.: Quint. 2. expr. 
 by laus, in various coiisirr. : in the high- 
 est degree p., omni 1. dignus, Auct pro 
 I>om. 51, Hi: to look on anything as 
 
 p., aliquid laudi dare, Cic. Tusc. i, 2, 4: 
 to act in a more p. manner, majorem I 
 mereri, Cic. (Nizol.). 3. laudaius 
 
 (strictly, thai has been praised; hence, 
 by inference, worthy if praise) : Cic de 
 i)T. I, }, init. (allium omnium lauda- 
 tarum procreatrix <^iAo<70<^ia). Also 
 yer. pait. laudandus, which is v. I. in 
 Cic. Or. 1. c. 
 
 prance: P^rh. exsllio, 4 (to spring 
 up) : cf exsulto, tf horses becoming un- 
 goiemable, Cic. Off. i, 26, 90: albo Virg. 
 G. ), 117, insultare solo. See also TO 
 
 REAR. 
 
 prank (su6s.) .• expr, by phr. : what 
 a p. is this he has just played, ni-do 
 quae designavit ! Ter. Ad. i, 2, 7 : 
 II hat a mad p. is this, *cujuB sunt baec 
 Insaniae ! youthful p.s, eae res quas 
 (ea quae) fert adolescentia. Ter Heaut 
 2, I, J: 'quae per adolescentem ad- 
 mittuntur. 
 
 prank (»•) ■ distinguo, j : v. tc 
 
 AUOKN. 
 
 prate : 1. garrio, 4 : Cic. de Or. 2, 
 5, 21 : Hor. S. 2, 6, 77 (g. aniles fabellaii). 
 2. blatfiro, I (stronger than prectd.) : 
 Hor. S. 2, 7, J5. 
 
 prater: blatCro, onls: Gell. I, 15, 
 extr. See also talkative. 
 
 prating (""ij)' garriilus: v. talka- 
 tive. 
 
 prating (subs.) .■ garrltus, iis : Sid. 
 
 prattle (v-) • perb. 'suaviier s. blan- 
 dula voce garrire ; suaves nugas (inter 
 se) garrire, loqui : v. to chatteb. 
 
 prattle (subs.): Phr.: the p. of 
 children, *(infantium) amabilis (blan- 
 dula) garrulitas : cf. Suet. Aug. 8j. 
 
 prattler : expr. by verb : v. to 
 prattle. 
 
 pravity : pravltas : Cic. : Tac. 
 
 prawn : *cancer squilla. Lien. 
 
 pray: I. Trans.: to addreu 
 
 earnest entreaty to any one esp. to a 
 deiiy : 1. prficor, i (with ace. of the 
 person addressed) : to p. the gods, that.. . 
 deos p. [venerari atque iniplorare] 
 ut..., Cic. Cat. 2, extr.: Hor. Some- 
 times introduced parenthetically : spare, 
 I p.'. parce, precor ! Ov. H. 15 (16), II. 
 See also to prav Ff)R. 2. quaeso, 
 pi. quaesQmus : / p. the gods to pi event 
 that, deos quaeso nt istaec prohibeant, 
 Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 1 1. Ksp. ol urgent appeal 
 to persons (not deities): I beg and pray 
 you, to...,peto, quaesoque. ut..., Cic 
 Fam. 5, 4 : when it is often parenthetical : 
 / p. you write often to me, tu, quaeso, 
 crebro ad me scribe, id. Att. 7, 10. 
 When used interjectionally ( = I pray) : 
 sodes : be silent, pray ! Tace, sodes ! 
 Ter. Heaut. j, ?, 19: Cic: Hor.: in 
 similar sense, amabo : v. to pleasb 
 (ll.,/n.). See also TO beseech, en- 
 treat. II. In trans.: to perform 
 the act of worship : oro, I : teach us to 
 p., doce nos o., Vulg. Lur. xi. i to la- 
 bour veil is to p. well, 'bpne laborasse 
 est bene orasse, Prov. (In somewhat 
 diff. sense, precatione uti, precationem 
 facere: v. prayer.) 
 
 — for : 1. prfcor, i (most gen. 
 term): often foil, by double ace. of the 
 person addressed and the thing prayed 
 for : for what are we to p. to tlie gods, 
 quid deos precamur? Cic. N. 1). l, 44, 
 122 ; but except when theobj'Ct isa neut. 
 pron. (cf. L. G } 25 ?) it is better to say. 
 precari ab aliqiio also wiih ut and 
 subj., Cic. Rab p.rd. 2, 5 (precor ab lis, 
 ut. . .patianiur) : to p. foi prosperity to 
 the stale, felicitatem reipublicae p.. Suet 
 Aug. 58: Cic. Citmp. dgprf'cor, i : with 
 two senses ; (a), to p. eametlly : to p. 
 eamestlii for something for ynurS'lf d. 
 tibi Hliquid,Cic. dcOr. J, ?,9 Hlrt. (6). 
 oftener, to p. for escape f mm something : 
 to p. (entreat) for exemption from tUatk, 
 mortem d., Caes. B. G. 7, 40. (N.B. — 
 Depreior is rarely if ever used ol pray- 
 ing to deities.) 2. rOgo, i (with 
 double ace. : chiefly poet.) : to p. to the 
 gods lor >e}X)se, otium divos r . II"r. Od. 
 2, 16, I : M irt. 3. p5lo, ivi and ii, 
 itum, ? (to beg: with ace. and prep, ab, 
 a) : I pray for peace and pardim from 
 the oo<ii, a'diis pacem veniamque peta 
 Kit
 
 PRAY TO 
 
 PRECINCT 
 
 PRECONCEPTIOW 
 
 Cic. Rab. perd 2, ; : more fully, proce 
 pelere, Ov. Met. 8,2Ti. 4. oro, l (rare 
 of entreaty addressed to the gods) : Virg. 
 Aen. 9, 24 (tnulta decs oraDS) : Hor. 
 5. posco, poposci, itum, j (also 
 rare) : Virg. Aen. 4, 5J (pnsce decs 
 veniani). 
 
 pray to : 1. adoro, i (with ace.) : 
 Liv. j8, 4J, med. : Ov. : Juv. : v. to 
 WORSHIP. 2. supplico, I (with dat.) : 
 V. TO SUPPLICATE. LIT by circuml., (deos) 
 precibus lacessere, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 12; 
 fatigare, ib. i, 2, 26: or, preces deo ad- 
 hibere, admovere : v. prayer. 
 
 prayer : 1. (prex), prgcis,/. .- chiefly 
 used in pi., though the abl. nng. is not 
 infreq. : to seek anything with anxious 
 p., aliquiil sollicita p. petere, Ov. M. 8, 
 271 : Cic. {^entreaty): to address uor- 
 ship. p.s, to the gods, diis cultus, preces 
 adh here, Cic. N. 1). 1, i.init.; preces 
 admovere, Ov. Pont. }, "j, }(>; fundere 
 (poet.), Virg. Aen. 5. 254: to hear p.s, 
 preceg audire, exaudire (v. to hear, 
 111.) : to be moved by p.s, precibus flecti, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 689; moved, Ov. Her. 7, 
 J : V. ENTREATY. 2. prScatio (form, 
 of p.) : the fmm of p. used in opening 
 the comilia, soUennis comitiorum p., 
 Cic. Mur. init. : to " have p.s," preca- 
 tiones (acere, Liv. 59, 18, med. Also 
 used to denote a particular p. or pe- 
 tition: to offer up the like p., simili p. 
 uti, Cic. Tusc. 1 , 47, II} (perh. in order to 
 avoid the use of prece). 3. obsecratio 
 (solemn public p.) : p. vas offered up by 
 the people, obs. facta est a populo, Liv. 
 4, 21, med.: cf. id. 27. II, med. 4. 
 stipplicium {humble p. ; rare in this 
 sense, and only in pi.): Sail. Cat. 52. 
 Formula if p.. carmen, verba : v. for- 
 mula. Plir. : having uttered this p., 
 haec ita precatus, Liv. 8, 9, med. 
 
 book: 'iber precationuni ; for- 
 mulae precum : Kr. 
 
 prayerful • supplex : v. suppltast. 
 Or expr. by precor, prgces : v. to pray, 
 prayer. 
 
 prayerfully : (cum) multis precibus; 
 supplex (cf. L. G. $ J4?). 
 
 prayerless : *<iui nullas preces Deo 
 adhibet. 
 
 preach : 1. praedico, i (to pro- 
 claim: Gr. KTjpvacreii'): Vulg. Matt. iii. 
 I ; et pass. : Corp. Coiif. Angl. art.xxiii. 
 2, perh. contionor, 1 (to deliver an 
 address to a public assembly) : the usual 
 word in M. L. ; thojigh Kr. condemns it 
 118 unsuitable ("der gewolmlicbe Aus- 
 druclj contionari passt nicht fiir den 
 Deutschen "): Erasm. Enc. Mor. ii. j6i : 
 etc. To denote argumentative p.ing, 
 dispute may be used : cl. Vulg. Act. .\x. 
 7, sqq. (Kr. suggests, in coetu sacro 
 verba facere ; de suggestu sacro ora- 
 tionem habere : but coiitionor is perh. 
 necessary as t. t. Praedico is strictly 
 applicable only to proclaiuatory preach- 
 ing.) Phr. : to practise what one p.s, 
 quae quis doceat in usu habere, Plin. Ep. 
 I, 10, II : must I be for ever p.'d to on 
 the same suhject f an ego toties de eadem 
 re audiam ? I'er. Ad. i, 2, 48 don't p., 
 *ne perge me obtundere istis tuis moni- 
 tionibus. 
 
 preacher : 1. praedlcator (late) : 
 Tert. Marc. 4, 28, med. (perb. better, 
 Evangelii s. Christi praedicator : cf. Vulg 
 Mar. xvi. 15 ; i Cor. i. 2?). 2. verbi 
 divini praeco, Graev. (Kr.); verbi dlvini 
 minister (V.D.M.) ; Scrr. Theol. saec. 
 xvil., pass. ; divinae majestatis praeco, 
 Lfu:t. 3. orat'T sacer (an elevated 
 
 expr.) : Kichst. ( Kr.). Or expr. by verb : 
 to t>e a good p.. *opiime appositeque de 
 rebus di\ inis(theologicis) verba factitare; 
 Evangelii praedicandi laude excellere; 
 who was the p. f *quis verba fecit.' to be 
 an able controversial p., *in disputando 
 de rebus tbeologicis praecipne valere. 
 (N.B. — Contionator in class. Lat. is, a 
 demagogue: Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 9; yet some 
 Latinists use it In present sense : it is 
 condHmneil by Krebs and Kraft.) 
 
 preaching (subs.) .- expr. by verb : 
 V. to preach. 
 
 preaching friars : (fritres) praedi- 
 catores : v. Uu C. s. v. 
 5";2 
 
 preamble : perh. exordium : V. ex- 
 ordium, PREFACE. 
 
 prebend : *praebenda: v. Du C, s. v. 
 
 prebendary : * praebendarius : V. 
 Du C, s. V. 
 
 precarious : incertus, parum firmus 
 s. stabilis : v. uncertain. Also in later 
 wiiters, precariiis (in Liv., Tac. = ob- 
 tained by entreaty, not of right) : cf. 
 Sen. Tranq. 11, init.: id. Ep. 6;, 17. 
 Phr.: in the most p. position, in summo 
 discrimlne, Caes. B. G. 6, }8 : Cic. : v. 
 DANGER. (The use of obnoxlus in later 
 writers is akin to Eng. : cf. Plin, 14, 2, 4 
 5 27, obnoxii floris, of a vine the Jioicer- 
 ing of uhich is p., being exposed to 
 risks.) 
 
 precariously : Phr.: they live p. 
 by hunting, *victum parum certum 
 (precarium) venando quaeritaut. 
 
 precaution : expr. by praecaveo, 
 cavi, cautum, 2 (to take p.s): Join: 
 providere et praecavere, Cic. PI. 22, $}. 
 (Praecautio, v. late.) 
 
 precautionary ; ■*'• preced. art. 
 
 precede : 1. ^" *'»»« • 1- antgcedo, 
 ssi, ssum, } (with ace. or dat.) : exercise 
 should always p. food, exercitatio semper 
 a. cibum debet, Cels. i, i,med. : Ter. i'h. 
 J, 2, 40 (with dat.). 2. of that which 
 p.s by a certain interval : expr. by ante 
 esse : (Numa Pompilius) p.d Fythagoras 
 by very many years, annis permultis 
 ante fuit quam Pythagoras, Cic. de Or. 
 2,57,154. See also preceding. ||, 
 In plaee : anteeo, praeeo, etc. : v. to go 
 
 BEFORE. 
 
 precedence : Phr.: to give any one 
 the p. (acknowledging inferiority), ced- 
 ere alicui, Cic. Br. 6, 22 (c. fascesque 
 submittere); 63; yielding the pathway, 
 decedere, Cic. Sen. 18, 6j: entitled to 
 take the p. (of other matters), antiquior, 
 antiquissimus. Veil. 2, 52: Cic. Alt. 10, 
 8 : to give the p. to one matter over an- 
 other, alicui rei praeverii, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 ii : this anwng the ifumidians denotes 
 p., hoc apud Numidas honori ducitur, 
 Sail. Jug. II, med. : the two were disput- 
 ing about the p., •ambigebant inter se 
 utri dignitatis prior locus deferretur : 
 this magistrate takes the p. of all the 
 rest, *hujus magisiratus dignitas potior 
 est (ceteris) omnibus. 
 
 precedent : exemplum : a novel p., 
 novum ex.. .Sail. Cat 51, med. ■ on the 
 strength of this p., hoc ex., ib. panlo 
 infr. : to leave a dangerous p. for after- 
 times to follow, periculi'sam imitationem 
 exempli in posterum prodere, Cic. Fl. 11, 
 init. Join: conditio atque exemplum 
 (opp. homo ipse de quo agitur), ib. 10, 
 extr. Phr.: consider the p. you are 
 establishing, quid in alios statuatis con- 
 siderate. Sail. 1. c. : legal p.s, res judi- 
 catae, Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14. 
 
 preceding (adj.): 1. proximus 
 (immediately before or after): (Tullus 
 Hostilius') unlike the p. king, p. regi 
 dissiniilis, Liv. i, 22, init. : Cic. : v. 
 last (1L), next. 2. prior, us: in the 
 p. year, p. anno, Caes. in Cic. Fam. 12, 
 I ;, vied. : in the p. book, p. volumine, 
 Col. 12, 1, init. 3, silpgrior, us: 
 
 during the p. days, s. diebus, Caes. B. G. 
 7, 58 V. FORMER. Cf. Cic. Cat. I. init., 
 where proxima nox is the niuht just 
 passed ; superior nox, the night preceding 
 that. 4. antecedens, ntis(rare): Plin. 
 ij, 8, 16. 
 
 precentor: praecentor (chori) : Apul. 
 Phr.: to act as p., caniu praeire (U. 
 and A.). 
 
 precept : praeceptum : p.s of philo- 
 sophy, p. philosophiae, Cic. Off. I, init. : 
 etpass. See also RULE. 
 
 preceptive: praeceptlvus (l;>te and 
 rare) : Sen. Ep. 9?, init. (=z Gr. nap- 
 an'CTiKos, didactic). Usu. better expr. 
 by praeceptum. 
 
 praeceptor : praeceptor (instruc- 
 tor) : Cic. de Or. }, 15, J7. Also doctor, 
 maglster : v. teacher. 
 
 preceptress : praeceptrix, Tcis : Cic. 
 
 precinct : terminus : mostly pi. : 
 
 within the sacred p.s of the temple, intra 
 
 terminos sacratos lempli, Liv. 45, 5, 
 
 m£d. : to enlarge the p.s of the city, ter- 
 
 minos urbis propagare, Tac. A. 12, if. 
 See also boundary. Sacred p.s may 
 also be expr. by penetralia, templum: 
 cf. Liv. I.e. : V. temple. Phr.: thep.sqf 
 day, luminis orae, Lucr. i, 180, etpass. 
 
 precious: 1. pretiosus: p. per- 
 fumes, p. odores, Col. i, 8 : the most 
 p. work of human genius (poems of 
 Homer), pretiosissimum humani ingenii 
 opus, Plin. 7, 29, 30: the p. metals, 
 *metalla pretiosiora. (In Cic. = very 
 high /triced : Off. }, 2 J, 89.) 2. magni, 
 maximi, summi pretii : v. value. Some- 
 times = dearly loved : dilectus, dileclis- 
 simus, dulcissimus, suavi>simus : v. 
 dear, sweet, p. stones, gemmae : v. 
 GEM. CoUoq. = tt(/rou(//i : germanus: 
 / knoiv I have been a p. donkey, scio me 
 asinum g. fuisse, Cic. Att. 4, 5. 
 
 preciOUSneSS : magnum pretium : v. 
 
 VALUE. 
 
 precipice : locus praeceps : Liv. 21, 
 j6. Phr.: the defile led through steep 
 p.s on either side, praecipites deruptaeque 
 angustiae erant, ib. c. 34. See also pre- 
 cipitous. 
 precipitancy \ nimia festinatio, 
 precipitation : S celeritas : V. 
 haste, hurry. Phr.: with too mu/:k 
 p., iiiconsulte ac temere, Cic. N. D. i, 
 16, 45 : temere ac nulla ratione, id. de 
 Or. 2, 8, 52- 
 
 precipitate («•) ■• 1. praecipito, i 
 
 (to throw down headlong) : Cic. : Caes. 
 2, dejicio, J : v. to cast now K. 
 
 precipitate (adj.): 1. praeceps. 
 cipitis (hasty, inconsiderate) : Cic. Ph. 
 5, I J, J7 (homo in omnibus consiliis 
 praeceps) : Suet. Aug. 8 (consilium p. 
 et immaturum). 2. lemgrarius : v. 
 
 reckless. 3. praeruptus : Tac. Phr.: 
 from over p. despair, nimis celeri despe- 
 ratione, Liv. 21, i, init.: a p. (over 
 hasty) ccnnmencement of a canvass, prae- 
 propera prensatio, Cic. Att. i, i, init. 
 
 precipitately : inconsulte ac temere: 
 v. prkcipitancy. See .also hurriedly. 
 
 precipitation: v. precipitancy. 
 
 precipitous : 1. praeceps, cipitis : 
 o steep and p. place, declivis ac p. locus, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, }} : p. rocks, saxa praeci- 
 pitia, Liv. j8, 2}, init.: Cic. 2. di- 
 rectus (steep, perptndicular) : a p. 
 mountain range, jugum d., Caes. B. C. 
 2, 14 : o place with steep, p. sides, locus 
 utraque ex parte directus, ib. i, 41. 
 So also, rectus: Liv. 21, 36, init. 3. 
 praeruptus (steep and rugged) : p. rocks, 
 p. saxa, Cic. Verr. 5, 56, 14;: Caes.: 
 Hirt. (who has superl.). I^ess freq. 
 abrupt us (tn-oken off' sharp; shea-): 
 Curt. 7, II, init. (petra abscissa et abr.): 
 Plin. ; and deruptus : Tac. 
 
 precipitously: expr. by praeceps: 
 cf. L. G. i J4J- 
 
 precise: \. Exact: Phr.: to state 
 the p. number, e.\acto aflirraare nuroero, 
 
 quot Liv. }, 5, med.; snbtiliter 
 
 exsequi numerum, ib. paulo infr. S«e 
 also exact. II. Particular : morosus, 
 accuratus : v. particular (III.). 
 
 precisely : subtiiiter : v. precise 
 (I.). Phr.: it is p. thirty days since I 
 received a letter from you, xxx dies ipsi 
 erant, per quos nullas (litteras) a te 
 accpperam, Cic. Att. j, 21 : that is p. the 
 thing, rem ipsam pulasti ! Ter. Ph. 4, 
 5, 6. See als.. nick (of time). 
 
 preciseness ) morositas (over- 
 
 precision : ) nicety) .• Suet. Tib. 
 70. (Or expr. by adj. : v. precise.) 
 preclude : v. to prevent. 
 
 precocious: 1. praecox, 5cis; 
 also, praecoquis, e (ripening early) : p. 
 sort of intellects, ingeniorum \elut 
 praecox genus, t^uini. i. ?, J : Sen. 2. 
 f 'Stinatus ( that is pushed on too fast): 
 p. maturity, f. maturitas, Quint. 6, 
 prooem. ^ 10. (Praematurus = prema- 
 
 TURK.) 
 
 precocity : maturitas festinata : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 preconceived: praejudlcatus: Cic. 
 N. D. 1,5,10 (p. opinio) : that you bnnff 
 no p. opinion into court, ut ne quid 
 praejudicati hue afferatis, id. Clu. 2, 6. 
 See also to prejudge. 
 
 preconception: praejudicataopinlor
 
 PRECONCERTED 
 
 PREFER 
 
 PREGNANCY 
 
 V. preced. art. Ph r. : some {undefined) 
 p. of gods, anticipatio quaedam deorum, 
 Cic. N. 1). I, 16,4}. 
 
 preconcerted: Phr. : it is a p. 
 schetae, comp<i>iio factum est, Ter. Ph. 
 5, I. 29 : iiiurt freq. ex composite 
 (,in acwrdtirice u-ith a p. sclieme) ; 
 Liv. I, 9, TTud.: of. Sail. Jug. 66, coiii- 
 positis inter se rebus, in dlim terlium 
 constituutit. 
 
 precursor : praenuntius, /. -a : v. 
 
 HAKBINGKIt, KOKKRUNNKR. 
 
 precursory : expr. by sigiiifico, de- 
 cuntio : V. Ti) FORr.B0r)E. 
 
 predatory; pnnUatorius : .Sail. Jug. 
 20 (p. nianus sc. miliuim). Enyagtd in 
 a p. excursion, praedabundus : .Sail. : 
 Liv. Also praed'itur cjiu be used as 
 adj. : L. G. v 598. P li r. . a p. p-ople, 
 gens latrociniis (praedalionibiLsque) as- 
 sueta, Curt. (H. and A.). 
 
 predecessor : 1. expr. by proxi- 
 mus (re\, etc.) : v. ruKCKKixo. 2. 
 a retirivg governor, decessor : Tac. Agr. 
 •): Cic. fr. Scaur, a. 
 
 predestinarian : 'qui omnia a Deo 
 ex mem ipsius aibitrio praede.stinala 
 esse credit. 
 
 predestinate : tbool. term, prae- 
 
 destiiio, I; Vulg. Rom. viii. 29, etc.: 
 
 C!orp. Confess. (A mure class, expr. 
 
 would be praefinio, 4 ; cf. Gr. 7rpoopit,'<u.) 
 
 predestination : praedestinatio : 
 
 Aug, : Corp. Confess, 
 predestine : v. PBEDEsrisATt:. 
 predetermine : 1. praefinio, 4 : 
 
 Cic. fuse. ;, 8, 21. 2. praestltuo, j: 
 V. TO FIX (11., 4). 
 
 predicablc : •praedicabUls : as logic. 
 1. 1. Otherwise exp. by praedicari posse; 
 
 V. TO PREDICATE. 
 
 predicament: I. Logical: cate- 
 
 yoria ^Gr. KaxTj-yopta), praedicamentura : 
 luid. Or. 2, 26, I (sequuntur Aristotelis 
 categoriae, quae l.,aiine jrrafdicamenta 
 dicuntur). ||. Colloq. : Phr.: to be 
 
 in an axvkicard p., in angustiis esse; ad 
 iocitas redactum esse ; v. difficulty ; 
 
 TO NONI-LD.S. 
 
 predicate ("•) •• praedlco, i (logical 
 t. t.): Isid. 2, 26, 6: Scrr. I^ogic. ^ss. 
 
 predicate (.subs.) .- praedicatum ; as 
 t.t. 
 
 predict : 1. praedlco, xi, ctum, j : to 
 p. what it Co covie to pass, futura p., Cic. 
 Div. I, init. : Virg. (Not necessarily a 
 supemaiural act: hence, pr. eclipsim, to 
 p. an eclipse, I'lin.) 2. vaticinor. 
 I ; cSno, } : V. TO propresv. 3. au- 
 gfiror, less treq. -o, 1 (as a soothsayer, on 
 the strength of certain signs) : CaUhas 
 from the number if the spanoivs p.'d 
 the duration of the Trojan var, C. ex 
 passerum immero belli Trojani annus 
 auguratus est, Cic. Div. i, i!,^^■. Tac. 
 (Auguror does not necessarily imply the 
 uttering of the prophetic foreboding : v. 
 TO forebode, 11.) 
 
 prediction : 1. praedictio (strictly, 
 the act of predicting) : Cic. Div. 2, 25, 
 54- 2. praedictuni (usu. pi.) .- the p.s 
 of aftrolngers,astTo\of;or\im pr., ib. 2. 42, 
 83: Suet. (Instead of sin(;. of praedictum, 
 use praedicio.) See also puopiikcy. 
 
 predilection : nearest word, stii- 
 dinm : cl. Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 5, suo quisque 
 studio maxime ducitur, i. e. every one 
 luis his p. for soni'^thing : to have a p. 
 for philiisojihy, *philosuphiae praecipuo 
 studio (aniore) duci -. v. fondne.ss, pas- 
 sion (V). 
 
 predispose: Phr.: these things p. d 
 the jury to iieli'-ve. . ., •propter haec (ex 
 his relius) judicum aninii incllnaliant 
 magis ad crcdeiidum, cf. Cic. deOr. 2, 44, 
 187; * intlinatiores erant ad credendnni, 
 cf. Liv. 2t. 46: pd to o distasf, morbo 
 opporiunus, Cels. I, ; or perh. belter, 
 morbo obnoxius (v. liable). 
 
 predisposition : voluntatis inclina- 
 lio ; studiuni proiiensum ; v. inclina- 
 tion. 
 
 predominance: I. Political: 
 
 pStenlia they dreOAled the p. of any of 
 Oieir feUoiv-ritizens, omnium civiiim 
 sucmni p. exiimescebant, Nep. Mill. 8: 
 (3ic. Siill. To have the p., (plurimum) 
 poUere, Caes. B. C. ». 4 : Cic. ||. in 
 
 gen. sense, greater prevalence : expr. by 
 superare, plures esse ; v. TO pbkdomi- 
 
 NATK. 
 
 predominant : I. I'olitiraJly .• 
 P h r. ; the ultyarchy became nuire and 
 more p., paucorum potentia crevli. Sail. 
 Cat. J9 : the p. fxirty, ♦11 qui plurimum 
 in republica pollent ; pc-nes quos est 
 summa rcnim. ||, More numerous : 
 v. to predominate. 
 
 predominate : \. To be more 
 powerful, (Ji llu: ascendant : polleo, ui, 
 2: esp. with advv. plus, pliirinium : 
 Caes. 13. C. I, 4 similarly, possum v. 
 i-owFR, 111., fin. : cf. predominant (1.). 
 II. To be the more numeiuus or 
 plentiful : perh. si'ipero, I : Virg. G. I, 
 189 (si superant fetus = si niajnr fetuum 
 copia est) : in such a multitude the bad 
 p., *in tali turba pleruinque plures sul.nt 
 esse mail ; abumlare solent iniprobi 
 
 predominating Ca<<).) •• praecipuus: 
 
 V. pkincipal. 
 
 pre-eminence : I. Superiority .- 
 excellentia. praesumtia : v. sitperiokitv. 
 II, Fi/remnst pfjsition : principatus, 
 us : the sun holds p. among the titavenly 
 bodifS, sol 'istrorum p. ohliint, Cic. N. 1). 
 7, 19, init. .More fully, dignitatis prin- 
 cipatus. id. Off. 2. 19. 66. Phr.: to 
 ttijoy the p. liver ait, eniinere inter 
 onmes, id. Or. 29, ad fin. See also pbe- 
 
 CEDEMi:. 
 
 pre-eminent : Phr.: (Cicero) p. 
 as an i/ralor, praecipuus in eloquentia 
 vir, Quint. 6, j, } : to be p. in dignity. 
 digniiate excrllere, Caes. B. G. 6, u; 
 more fully, super ceteros excellere, Liv. 
 J8, 4}, ad init. : prae ceteris florere, Cic. 
 Sen. I, 4. See also distisguished ; to 
 
 EXCEL. 
 
 pre-eminently: super ceteros, prae 
 ceteris ; v. preced. art. 
 
 pre-engagement : prior obUgatio : 
 
 V. OBLiiiATiiix. I'll r. ; to have a p. {to 
 visit), jam promisisse ; v. to engage 
 (A.. 11). 
 
 pre-exist : Pxpr. by ante esse (ex- 
 sistere). . .qiiam : v. before {adv.). 
 
 pre-existence : v. to pre-kxist. 
 
 preface {subs.) : praefatio {something 
 said to introduce a subject) ; to state a 
 matter to a judge without p., nulla p. 
 facia rem judlci exponere, Gai. Dig. 1, 
 2, I : Plin. N. H. pref. $ IJ. (This is the 
 best word to denote a p. to a book, and 
 is so used by all Latinists.) To say a 
 few nords by vay of p., pauca praefari, 
 Liv. pref. init. See also intbodcction 
 (111.). 
 
 preface (i-) • praefari, i: Liv.: v. 
 preced. art.^n. 
 
 prefatory : Phr. : to nuxke a feir 
 p. ob.seri'a/iV/ns, pauca praefari. Liv. pref. 
 init. : cf. pauca praeponere, Cic. Fam. II, 
 27 (words not implying that what is 
 thus said is to introduce a sequel). 
 
 prefect : praefectus. with gen. or 
 lUU. : for thi" different ofBcers so called, 
 see Smith's I>iit. Diet. s. v. 
 
 prefecture : praefectura {office of 
 praefectus) p. of morals, p. morum. 
 Suet. Caes. 76: absol. =: <;ouerfim«»( of 
 a tuicn in the provinces, Cic. Att. 5, 21. 
 Also denoting certain toums and pro- 
 vinces governed by a praefectus : Veil. 
 2, 44 (of Capua) : Plin. 5, 9, 9. 
 
 prefer: I, ''''" bring forward: 
 
 Phr.: (() p. a charge against anyone, 
 nomen aliciijus deferre de aliqua re, Cic. 
 R. Am. 10. 28 : also w ith dat. of person, 
 id. Coel. 2 J, 56: also the gen. of the 
 charge occurs (instead of abl. wiih de), 
 id. Verr. i, 2, 28, 68 (huic... ejusdem 
 rei nomen detulerunt) ; the judge Ufitre 
 whom, being expr. by prep, ad, il«. : 
 later, crimen deferre, Liv. 42, 11, init. 
 See also to pre-sknt. ||. To culvance 
 to honour: aniCfCro, tilli, latum, ?, i>t. 
 (to ketone person before another: with 
 ace. and dat^ : by every kimi of hon- 
 our to be p.'d to others, ceteris oinni 
 lionore anteferri, Cic. Prov.Cons. ii, 27. 
 .See also TO promote. |||, To hold in 
 higher estimation : 1. ante(>6no. 
 
 posui, Ttiim, i (with ace. and dot.): to 
 p. friendship al)ove everything, amici- 
 tiam omnibus rebus a. Cic Am. 5, 17. 
 
 Rarely w ith tmesis : mala bonis pool 
 ante, id. Off. j, 17, 71. 2. praepdno 
 J (same constr.) : Id. Ph. 9. 7, init. : Ter 
 3. anlelero, }, irr. (to give pre- 
 cedence to) : tu p. Itemosthenet to all 
 besides, omnibus unuma. Demosthenem, 
 Cic. Or. 7. 25 : Cae.s. 4. expr. by 
 posthabeo, 2 (to hold inferior: preced. 
 Constr. reversed) ; / p.'d their sport to 
 my business. posthal>ul illorum mea 
 seria ludo, Virg. E. 7, 17 : Cic. Tusc. j, 
 init. Phr.: tliey always p.'d dralh to 
 slavery, mors lis s-mfx-r lull servitute 
 potior. Id. Ph. 10, 9. i'^: so, potiorem 
 (aliquam rem) habere, Caes. B. C. I, 8 ; 
 so with antiqiiior lie p.'d praise and 
 glory to a thume, antiquior ei fuit latu 
 et gloria quam regnum. Cic. IHv. 2. J7. 
 78. IV. To desire rattier; like better: 
 1. malo, }, irr. (most freq. foil, by 
 inf. , also by ace, esp. of neut. prtm. or 
 adj.) : he p.s slavery to fighting, servire 
 quam pugnare mavult, Cic. Alt. 7, 15 : 
 strengthened bj- poiius, id. Div. Verr. 6, 
 21 (se ab omnibus desertos potiiut quam 
 lbs te defenses esse malum) ; to p. 
 greatly, inulto m., id. Att. 12, 2i, ^in. : 
 a thing which I should p., quo<l ni.illem 
 (parenth.). Ov. Tr. 2, 219. Also with 
 subj. (without ut): Cat. 24, 4 icogno- 
 scerera, in Cic. Fam. 7, 14, should be 
 '"/■)• 2. praeopto, i (to desiie in 
 
 preference: not in Cic): Nep. Att. il, 
 inii. ; to be p.'d, praeoptandus, Liv. 2J, 
 4?. See also preference (in), 
 preferable : 1. fHitJor ("pft- form. 
 
 potius in ihis sense best avoided) ; with 
 sup. potissimus (when more tlian two 
 things are compared) : cf. to prefkr 
 {III., fin.). (For the usf; of comp. and 
 superl. cf. Cic Inv. i, 12, fin., utrum 
 potius aut quid potis-simum sit.) 2. 
 aiitiquior, us {taking precedence) : Cic. : 
 V. TO prefer (111., ^n.). 3. praeop- 
 tandus ; potius (potis.simum) diligendus : 
 V. preference (in). Also the lompar. 
 of praestans, praestabilis, etc.. may serve, 
 when butli the things compared are 
 good. To deem p., antepono, aniefero, 
 etc. : V. TO prefek. 
 
 preference : Phr.: to give the p. to, 
 antejxino, etc. : v. to prefer (HI.). See 
 also PRECEDENCE ; and foil. art. 
 
 . in : potius ; sup., pdtissimum 
 
 (when more than two objects are com- 
 pared): tochooseinp. tou//, poiissimum 
 deligere, Nep. Att. 12 : Caes. B. C. 2, 4J. 
 (For potius, v. rather.) To desire in 
 p., praeopto, l : dfsiring a lovly rank 
 at lu/me iti p. to rxile, praeoptantes ex- 
 silio modicam donii lortunam, Liv. 29, 
 io,fin. See also to prefer (IV.). 
 
 preferment: ^xpr. by antefSro (cf. 
 TO PREFER, li.) : hoiiore s. dignitate 
 augeo. aniplifico: v. to promote. Ec- 
 clesiastical : perh. diginlas, honoris gra- 
 dus (R. and A.). To attain the highest 
 IK'SSitile p., *ad summum ecilesiae fas- 
 tigium pervenire; sumnicisccclesiajjiicae 
 conditionis honores ccnsequi. 
 
 prefi?ure : f Iguro, i : Aug. Civ. D. 
 16, 2. (ChrLstianI possunt videri medio 
 Noe filio figurati) : in same sense, signl- 
 fico: v.tosignify. (Praefiguro, in diff. 
 sense, to set before one, I-acL 6, 20 : 
 though Aug has the subs, praetiguratio^ 
 in present sense, I. c. ; and the verb ii 
 used by modem theol. writers.) 
 
 prefigurement : V>^^ igUraUo : 
 
 Aug. Civ. D. 16, 2. 
 
 prefix ("■) Phr.: to p. th- name of 
 the Kmperor to a document, diplomat! 
 Principem praescribere, Fac. II. 2. 65 . 
 ctVlrg E. 6, 12: to p. verses to a volume 
 versus in prima froiite liln-lli inoponere. 
 Ov. Tr. 1, 7, j;: to ;>. a syllali' to a 
 word, *syllabam vocabiilo praeponere. 
 
 prefix {subs.): praeposilio: Cic. Top. 
 II. 48 : or, 'particula praepositiva. 
 
 pregnancy : 1. praegnatio (in- 
 
 freq., \nd only suited to physiological 
 writing): Varr. R R. 2, i. med. (jrae- 
 giiatioiiis prinii el extremi fines rcoiicep- 
 tus et partu-i], of aninvib): Apul. 2. 
 graviditas {state of p.; whereas prae- 
 gnatio denotes the whol'' progres.^ from 
 conception to birth: rare): Cic. N. D. 2, 
 46, 1 19. Jn a state of p., gravida, prae- 
 51 «
 
 PREOTVANT 
 
 PREMONITORY 
 
 PREPARE 
 
 giiaiis : V. PBEGNANT. P h T. : women in 
 a slate of p- femlnae uterum gerentes, 
 Cels. 2, lo, init. In fig. sense, perh. *vis 
 quaedam oratioai subjecta ac paene la- 
 lens. 
 
 pregnant: I. Lit.: 1. grav- 
 ida (in widest sense): Cels. 2, lo, ir.ij.: 
 Cic. Virg. 2. praegnans, ntis (like 
 preced., though gravida is more na- 
 turally used or advaiKed pregvancy): 
 Cic. de Or. i, 40, i8t Varr. (Feta is 
 used both of u female that is with, young, 
 and that has brought young forth.) To 
 be p., uterum gerere, Cels. 2, 10, init. : 
 also, in utero gestare, partum ferre, etc. : 
 V. GESTATION. ||, FuU of latent vigour 
 and expnssiov: Phr. : how p. is this 
 language, *quantos et quam validos 
 sensua haec oratio in se habet. As 
 gram. 1. 1., *praegnans. 
 
 prehensile : *ad prehendendum 
 habilis. 
 preintimation : praesagium : 
 
 Join: praisagia atque indicia [tuturi 
 periculi]. Veil. 2, 57: Col. Phr.: to 
 give p.s, praesignificare [futura], Cic. 
 Div. I, j8, 82. See also to intimate, 
 SIGNIFY. (Praesignificatii), Lact.) 
 
 preintimate : praesignif ico, i : Cic. 
 See also to forewarn, forebode. 
 
 prejudge : praejudico, I (strictly 
 legal term, to pass sentence beforehand 
 or first : in Eng. sense, esp. in p. part.) .- 
 of. Cic. Clu. 2, 6, ut ne quid hue prae- 
 judicaii afferatis, i.e. not to enter the 
 jury-box vdth the case p.d. Or by cir- 
 cumL; cf. Per. Heaut. 2, 2, 8, (rem) 
 prius dijudicare quam >cis quid veri siet 
 (R. and A.). See also foil. art. 
 
 prejudgment : praejudlcium {sen- 
 tence either actually or virttially passed 
 before) : tjuint. 5, 2 : Cic. 
 
 prejudice : I. opinion enter- 
 
 tained without due ground : opinio prae- 
 judicata : v. preconceived. (N.B. Not 
 praejudicium : v. preced. art.) ||, 
 
 Uelnment : expr. by obesse, detrimento 
 esse : v. prejudicial. 
 
 prejudice (k) •• Phr.: top. the jury 
 against any one. aliquem Judicibus sus- 
 pectum facere, cf. Quint. 9,2,59; *Ju- 
 dices sinistra erga aliquem opinione 
 imbuere ; the people were already p.d in 
 favour of the young man, *studia homi- 
 nuiu jam ante in adulescentem inclina- 
 bant ; jam ante adolescens studia homl- 
 num praeoaupaverat, cf. Liv. 21, 20, 
 infd. : all men are more or less p.d, 
 •omnes saltern aliquatenus praejudicatis 
 opinionibuB ducimiur : v. to prepossess ; 
 PRECONC hived. 
 
 prejudicial: Pbr.: to be p. to, 
 obesse, with dat. : the modesty of crassus 
 was so far from being p. to the effect of 
 his oratory, that. .., (Crassi pudor) non 
 modo non obluit orationi ejus, sed. ., 
 Cic. de Or. 1, 27, extr. (opp. coinmenda- 
 tione prodesse) : v. to injure, inju- 
 
 BIODS. 
 
 prejudicially : expr. by obsum : V. 
 
 TO INJURE. 
 
 prelacy : verb. *pTaesulum s. epis- 
 coporum poteniia (prelatia quam nos- 
 trates dicunt). 
 
 prelate : *praesul, sulis .- M. L. 
 (Praelatus, barbarous.) 
 
 prelatical • v. episcopal. 
 
 prelection : P*-r*i- praelectio (as 
 1. 1.) : bur V. lectcbe. 
 
 prelibation : V. FORETASTE. 
 
 preliminary: Phr.: to make a few 
 p. remarks, pau a praefari, Liv. pret. : a 
 p. skirmish (and fig., of the opening of a 
 speech), prolusio, Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 5 !? : 
 also, praelusio [atque praecursiu], Plin. 
 Ep.6, 1 J, extr. : so. proludere, to engage in 
 a p. skirmish, Cic I. c. : these delays are 
 p. to a lietter life, per has [mortalis aevi] 
 moras illi raefiori vitae proluditur. Sen. 
 Ep. i"2, 2} a p. (Judicial) inquiry, 
 praejudicium. Quint ;, 2, i : relating to 
 such an inquiry, praejiidicialis, Gai. 4, 
 44. In pi as subs. : the p.s, esp. of ne- 
 gotiation : these p.s haoing been gone 
 through, *his rnbus rite peractis; quum 
 omnia ex ordine peracta essent. 
 
 prelude (s<i 6s): |. Musical: pro- 
 oemium. Cic. de Or. 2, 80, J25. (Prae- 
 514 
 
 ct-niiu, uell. I, II and Auct. Har. Resp. 
 10, 21, is a strain of music played before 
 iiatlle, etc. ; not the prelude to a Umger 
 musical strain.) ||, In fig. sense : 
 prolusio, praeltisio : v. hbeliminary. 
 (N.B. — Praeludium, late and barbarous.) 
 
 prelude t«-) • perb. praeludo, 3 : cf. 
 Plin. 37, 2, 7. Better expr. by cano: cf. 
 Quint. 4, I, 2, citharoe<li pauca, antequam 
 legitiniUMi certamen inchoent, canunt 
 (they prelude a few strains, play a few 
 prelusire strains). Jn sim. sense, prae- 
 tentare pollice chordas (poet.), Ov. Met. 
 5, ??9 cf. Tac. A 14, is.tentanscilha- 
 ram ei praemeditans (tuning upf). 
 
 prelusive: expr. by ante... cano: 
 V. preced. art. 
 
 prelusorv : Phr.: a p. encounter, 
 praelusio, proliisio : v. preliminary. 
 Or expr. by praeludo : cf. Flor. 4, 2, 
 init., Mdfiana rabies intra urbem prae- 
 luserat, quasi experlretur. 
 
 premature : 1. praepropSrus 
 
 (over-hasty) : p. commencement of a 
 canvass, p. prensatio, Cic. Att. i, i, init. 
 2. inimaturus : a p. (untiinely) 
 death, im. mors, Qc. Ph. 2, 46, 119: 
 Suet. : Plin. min. 3. praematurus 
 (coming before its time ; whereas, im- 
 maturus denotes either that something 
 Is immature or unripe or the person 
 unripe for it) : a p. announcement, p. 
 denuntiatio. Plan, in Cic. Fam. i^, 8, 
 med.: p. giay hairs, p. canities, Tac. A. 
 14, 57, extr. (where immalura would be 
 out of place) ; Plin. 4. acerbus (lit. 
 sour; as unripe fruit: poet.): Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 429. See also precocious. 
 prematurely : 1. iminature : 
 
 Col. : Veil. 2. praemature : PI. : 
 
 GeU. Or expr. by adj. : to die p., im- 
 niatura morte opprimi: v. premature. 
 Phr.: had not Catiline given the signal 
 p., ni Catilina maturasset signum dart-, 
 Sail. Cat. 18,. /in. (but the usage of other 
 authors would rather suggest festinasset 
 or properasset). 
 
 premeditate : praemgditor, coglto : 
 V. TO meditate; and foil. art. 
 
 premeditated (part, and adj.) : 
 Phr.: to come forward to speak without 
 having anyhing p., ad agendum nihil 
 cogitati praemeditatique deferre (? af- 
 ferre), Quint. 4, 5, 2 : to do a p. injury, 
 injuriam consulto el cogitate facere, Cic. 
 Off. I, 8, Jin. : so, de (ex) industria, ivith 
 intent, designedly (v. purpose, on) : to 
 deliver ap. speech, meditata (opp. subita, 
 extemporary) proferre, Plin. Ep. I, 
 16, 2. 
 
 premeditation : praemgditatio 
 (thinking about beforehand) : Cic. Tusc. 
 J, 14, init. : also, meditalio (in same 
 sense), ib. ?. 15, J2. Phr.: with p., 
 cogitate, consulte. etc. : v. preced. art. 
 
 premier: "prlnceps reipubllcae ad- 
 miniftrandae. 
 
 premise (v) •• 1. praefari, i : 
 
 Cic. Tim. 10, extr. : Liv. 2. prae- 
 
 pono, p6sui, itura, ? : Cic. Fam. 11. 27, 
 init. (de qua, prius quam respondeo, 
 pauca proponam). Comp. use of prae- 
 munire (til lay down as preliminary) ; 
 id. Leg. I, 1 2, fin., quae praemuniuniur 
 omnia reliqiio sermoni, etc. 
 
 premises : I. In logic: v. pre- 
 miss. II, Buildings and land: perh. 
 aedes, aedificia : v. house, building. 
 
 premiss : *praemissa (major, minor) ; 
 Logical t.t.: Aldr. : Milt: Pure Lat. 
 propositio (majorY assumptio (minor): 
 Cic. Inv. I, 27, 07 : Milt. Logic plen. 
 In>t 2, 10. In pi. praemissa, orum : 
 Milt. 1. c. Phr.: to grant the p.s and 
 deny the cmclusion, consequentla repre- 
 hendere quum prima concesseris, Cic. 
 ■|'us<-. ;, 9, init. : so, ea quae antecesse- 
 runt, cf. Id. Inv. i, 46, 86. 
 
 premium ; e.xpr. by praemium : that 
 would be lo put a p. on vice, *ita quasi 
 prai'Diia vitiis constituantur : see also 
 incentive. 
 
 premonition : mSnitum, mSnltio : 
 V. warning. (Praemonitu Deum, by 
 the p. of the Gods : Ov. Met. 15, 800.) 
 
 premonitory : expr. by circnml. : 
 to give p. signs, praemonere, significare, 
 praemonstrare, (v. to forewarn, fore- 
 
 bode) : p. symptoms of disease, notae 
 futurae adversae valetudinis, Cels. j, 2, 
 med.: called shortly alter, terrentia 
 (n. pi.), and indicia, 1. c. (N.B. — Not 
 praenionitoiius, which is without au- 
 thority and unnecessary.) 
 
 pre-occupation : praeoa-iipatlo : 
 e. g. locor..m: Nep. Euin. ;. 
 
 pre-OCCUpy; I. I'o take possession 
 of first : praeoccupo, i to p. advan- 
 tageous places, loca opporluna pr., Liv. 
 44, J, init. : Caes. Fig.: fear had p.'d 
 tlieir minds, timor animos praeoccu- 
 paverat, Caes. B. G. 6, 41. Also the 
 simple verb occupo, often carries with 
 it the notion of anticipation : v. to 
 seize. II. In pass, to be p.'d (have 
 one's thouyhts taken up) : Phr.: yom 
 look p.'d, •nescio qua de re sollicitus 
 videiis: to interrupt a person vhen he 
 is p.'d, *aliquem taciturn intentumque 
 alicui rei iiiterpellare : to have a p.'d 
 air, *sollicitudines vultu praeferre. 
 
 prepiration: I. -ict of pre- 
 
 paring ; pi eparatory measure : 1, 
 praeparatio (infreq.) : to make careful 
 p., diligentem p. adhibere, Cic. Off. i, 21, 
 extr. 2. comparatio (on a large 
 
 scale ; getting together resources, etc.) : 
 he employed the time in making ps for 
 a new war, tempus ad c. novi belli con- 
 tiilit, Cic Man. 4, init. : Hirt. 3. 
 
 apparatio (excessive or sumptuous p.): 
 cf. Cic. Off. 2, 16, ?6, magniticentia et a. 
 popularium mnnerum : also, id. Inv. 2, 
 18, 25 ( = over-studied p. for spedking). 
 Apparatus, us = (grand) preparations 
 (collect.) : Cic. N. D. I, 8, fin. : Hor. 
 (N.B.— Very oft. better expr. by verb: 
 to make all needful p.s, cuncta parare, 
 Sail. Jug. 7}: to make p.s for a war, 
 helium apparare, Cic. Man. 12, extr. : 
 occupied in p.s, in apparando occupatus, 
 Nep. Han. 7 : to make p sfor a banquet, 
 convivium exomare, parare, comparare, 
 instruere : v. to prepare.) ||, In 
 medicine: compSsitio: Cels. Or expr. 
 by verb : v. to compound. 
 
 preparatory : expr. by verb : v. to 
 PREPARE. See also pkeliminaky. 
 
 prepare: A. Irans. : |. To 
 make ready : 1. pStro, i : to p. every- 
 thing necessary, quod opus est p., Ter. 
 And. ?, 2, 4? : to p. oneself to learn, p. 
 seaddiscendum,Cic. Or. ji, 122. Join: 
 parare et instruere fconviviumj, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 27, 62. Gumps. (1). praeparo, I 
 (to get ready beforeliand) : to p. land 
 for (a crop if ) grain, fmmeiitis arva p.. 
 Col. 2, 16, init. : top. for a journey, pro- 
 fectionem p.. Suet. lib. }8: Caes. B. G. 
 5, 9 ( = make ready previously). (2). 
 comparo, i (esp. to bring togetlier re- 
 sources for ah enterprise) : top. resources 
 against every emergency, subsidia ad- 
 versus omnes casus c, Caes. B. 6. 4, ji : 
 to p. oneself (by collecting arguments) 
 lo replij, se ad respondendum c, Cic. 
 N. I). J, 8, init. (3). apparo, 1 (to make 
 careful preparations for) : to p. (foi^ 
 war, bellum a., Cic. Man. 12, extr.: v. 
 PBRPABATiON (I., fin.). Join: fcoD- 
 vivium] ornare et apparare, Cic. Verr. 
 4, 20, 44. 2. omo. exomo, &domo, i 
 (to p. by furnishing and fitting out): 
 
 V. TO FIT OUT, FUBMSH. ||. TO miX 
 
 a medicine: 1. compono, pibsul, itum, 
 f : Col. 6, 4, ivit. : Plin. 2. perh. 
 
 concinno, i cf. Cato, K. R. 114, vinum 
 c, ut alvum bonam facial: ib. 115. 
 Phr.- top. a draught, medicamentum 
 (in poculo) dlluere, Curl. }, 6, med. 
 (N.B. -.Vledicinam facere [R. and A.] is 
 to practise physic.) |||. To study a 
 speech or other composition : mgditor, 
 I : esp. in phr. meditari causam (to pre- 
 pare one's case, con a brief ), Cic. Att. 5, 
 21, extr.: ler. B. Intrans.: to 
 make oneself ready: 1, paro, com- 
 paro, I (with pi-on. refl.): foil, by ad 
 and ace. : v sup7: (A., L). Also apparo 
 is used absol. (not in Cic), = apparo 
 me : and followed by irfin. : as he iva* 
 p.ing to cross ove>- from. Sicily, quum 
 trajicere ex Sicilia appararet, cf. Suet. 
 Aug. 47, eitr. 2. accingo, nxi,nctniD, 
 i (with pron. refl. or oftener, as poiS. 
 refl.; to gird oneself: chiefly poet):
 
 PREPAY 
 
 P K E S E N T 
 
 I'KESEKVATIVE 
 
 comt, prepare '. accingere ! Tcr. Ph. 2, 
 2, 4 : to ja. to take revenge, accingl ad 
 ulUonem, Tac. H. 4, -jg. 
 
 prepay : to p. a utter, *pretium per- 
 ferendao episUilae quum datur solvere. 
 
 prepense; v. DKLrBKrtATK, cu/j. (11.). 
 
 preponderance : H h r. : to liave the 
 p., plus, plurimum poUere: Cic. : Caes. 
 
 Ct PKKIVJMIN.VNCK. 
 
 preponderate : v. to preixjminate. 
 preposition : praepOsitio : yuint, I, 
 
 + u. 
 
 prepossess : expr. by commendo, i : 
 a quiet style p.'s (the jury) in favour 
 of the accused, orallo plucida nia.xinie 
 oommemlat reos, Cic. de Or. 2, 4}, i8}. 
 See also to pkkjcdick ; and pkepos- 
 sassiKG. 
 
 prepossessing (.adj.) • P li r. : theie 
 VMS something p. alxiut his countenance, 
 •gratiue nescio quid praetercbat (in) 
 vultu ; *ipse vullus hominem com- 
 mendabat. 
 
 prepossession : praejudicata opinio: 
 
 V. PBKCONCliI\ ET). 
 
 preposterous : praepostCrus (strict- 
 ly in inferU-d order : hence, absurd) : 
 Cic. Rab. Post, i}, }"]. See also mon- 
 
 8TBOUS, ABSUKD. 
 
 pieposterously : v. monstbouslt, 
 
 ABSURDLV. 
 
 prepuce: praeputium: Juv. 14,99. 
 
 prerequisite : expr. by 6pus est ; 
 nficessarius: v. necessary. 
 
 prerogative : perh. majestas : to 
 interfere with the royal p., m. regiam 
 minuere, Caes. B. C. j, 106 : cf. Cic. in 
 Pis. II, init., magnum nomen est...., 
 magnadignitas, magna majestas consulis. 
 Or expr. by jus • the consular p. does 
 not extend to any of these things, nul- 
 lius earum rerum consul! jus est, .Sail. 
 Cat. 29, extr. P h r. : to interfere with 
 the p. of the people, quod populi pro- 
 prium semper fuit imminuere, Cic. Agr. 
 
 2. 7. 19- 
 
 presage (^suhs.)-. 1. pracsagium, 
 indicium : v. preintimation". 2. 
 
 augtirium (^foreboding) : Cic. Tusc. i, 
 15, }i. See also omen. To have a p. of 
 something, praesagio, ivi, 4 : with animo, 
 Liv. JO, 20. See also to forebode. 
 
 presage ("■) ■■ I. To pre-intimate : 
 portendo, signif Ico, etc. : v. to fore- 
 bode (I.). II, To have anticipations 
 of the future : auguror, praesagio (cf. 
 preced. art.) : v. to forebode (11.). 
 
 presbyter ; presbj^ter, eri (elder) : 
 Tert. : Calvin Inst. 4, }, 8, etc. ( = pas- 
 tor). More precisely, presbyter laicus : 
 cf. Hooker, Eccl. Pol. VI. 
 
 Presbyterian : *presbyterianus 
 (quem dicuni); qui presbyteros laicos 
 ecclesiae praeponi vult. 
 
 presbytery : *collegium presbyter- 
 orum. 
 
 prescience ; praescientia (late and 
 rare) : Aug. : v. foreknowledge. 
 
 prescient ; praesciens : Virg. : Ov. 
 
 prescribe : I. To dictate .- prae- 
 ecrlbo, psi, plum, }: I p. to tlie Senate 
 what has to be done, Senatui quae sunt 
 agenda praescribo, Cic. Sen. 6, 18. To 
 act according to a p.d rule, ad prae- 
 Bcriptura agere, Caes. B.C. i, 51. See 
 also TO INSTRUCT (11.). ||. To Order a 
 medicine : 1. praescribo, } : cf. Cic, 
 Div. 2, 59, I2J, curationem valetudinis 
 pr. : M. L. 2. propono, j : Nep. Att. 
 21 (remedia celeria taciliaque propone- 
 bantur. sc. a medicis). 
 
 prescription : I. claim arising 
 out of use ; usHs (et) auctoritas, Cic. 
 Caec. 19, init. : Id. Top. 4, 2} : v. Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. 8. V. auctoritas (X.). ||, 
 Medical: compfisltio- Cels. 5, u, 4 (op- 
 tima adversus inflammationes vulvae 
 Numenii compositio : the ingredients 
 and quantities following). Or pcrh. 
 medicamenti formula (Kr.). P h r. : to 
 %trrite a p., medicamenium praescribere : 
 V. TO prescribe. 
 
 prescriptive right : v. prescrip- 
 tion (1.). 
 
 presence : I. sei'ig in vietv .- 
 
 1, praesentia: toavoidanyone's p., 
 
 alicujus a.«pectum p.que vitare, Cic. Cat. 
 
 I, 1, 17 : \ell. 2. expr. by pracsens: 
 
 in my, thy, ...p., me, te . . . praesentc, 
 Cic. de Or. I, 24, 112 (in presenlia^/or 
 the present): to declare an 1/ one deserving 
 of death, in his very p., allquem prae- 
 sentem [et audient^^'ni] vita privandum 
 esse dicere, id. C.it. 4,6, l}. Phr. : in 
 the p. of, I Oram (both as adv., and more 
 freq., prep, with abl.) : vhen 1 came 
 into your p, utveni coram, Hor. S. 1,6, 
 56: in the p. of a numerous attendance 
 of delegates, coram freciuentissmio lega- 
 tionum convcntu, Nep. Kpain. 6 : Cic. 
 strenKihenod by prac.sens Cic. Agr. j, 
 init. (coram putius, me praesente, dix- 
 isseni). ||. In phr. presence of 
 
 mind : (?) praesentia aiiinii (good cou- 
 rage, resolution): Cic. Mil. 25,62: Plin. 
 8, 25, J8 (but the sense is not ideiitiail : 
 v. 11. cc.) : in same sense, praesens ani- 
 mus : to shoii- p. if mind, praesenti 
 animo ati et consilio ( which correi^onds 
 very closely to the Eng.), Cic. Off. i, 
 2J, 80 : also sometimes perb., animo ades- 
 se (which denot<'s either attention or 
 courage : v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. as- 
 sure, I., 4) : to lose one's p. of mind, 
 perturbari . . . et de gradu dejici (ut di- 
 cltur), Cic. Off. 1. c. 
 
 present (a<y)- \. Now existing. 
 1. praesens, ntis : chiefly in c^rtiiin 
 phrr. : e. g. p. circumstances (" the pre- 
 sent"), praesentia: Cic. Div. i, }o, 6} 
 (praeterlta. . .praesentia.. .futura); Suet. 
 At the p. time^ praesenti tempore, Ov. 
 F. J, 4'38: more treq., without subs., in 
 praesenti, Cic. Fam. 2. 10, fin. For the 
 p.. In praesens tenipus: Cic. Cat. i, 9, 22 
 (opp. in posleritalem, by and bye) : Hor. 
 A. P. 44: also, without tenipus: if for 
 the p. fortune has forsaken us, si for- 
 tuna In praesens deseruit, I'ac. H. 4, 58. 
 Also instead of In praesenti or in prae- 
 sens, in praesentia, Caes. B. G. i, 15 
 (satis. . .in praesentia, sufficient for the 
 p.): Cic : Nep. (N.B. — Impraesen- 
 tiarum, though found, Cato, K. R. 144; 
 Nep. Harm. 6; and one MS., Cic. Inv. 
 
 1, }o, 49, Is best avoided as an uncouth 
 and questionable expression.) 2. '"- 
 stans, ntis: Cic. de Or. 2. 25, 105 (stand- 
 ing between factus[yasi], and tuturus) : 
 Nep. Them, i (in>tantia^p/e«ent cir- 
 cumstances, the present). 3. hie haec, 
 hoc (that amrmg uhich ve litv, with 
 which )ve are familiar) : under p. cir- 
 citmstances, his teniporibus, Cic. Fam. 
 I}, '77 : those who find fault with the p. 
 state of affairs, qui haec vituperant, id. 
 R. Am. 48, init. : the p. novel form of a 
 novel trial, haec novi judicii nova forma, 
 id. Mil. init. So h6die, at the p. day; 
 with ad;, hodiemus : xthere the city is 
 at the p. day, ubi hodie est urbs, Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 2 : Quint. : Tac. : doum to the p. 
 day. ad hodiernum diem, Cic. Br. 10, jg : 
 Tac. Phr.: the men of the p. day, qui 
 nunc sunt homines, Cic. Q. Fr. i, i, 15 : 
 V. NOWADAYS. II. As gram, term : 
 the p. tense, praesens (tempus): Prise. 
 8, 8 : M, Ij. : also, Installs tempus : 
 Charis. |||, In view, before the face, 
 in company : praesens : Ter. : Cic. See 
 also foil. art. 
 
 to be : 1. adsum, irr., the 
 
 absent are p., the needy rich, absentes ad- 
 sunt, et egentes abundant, Cic. Am. 7, 
 2} : with (&t., to be p. at some ceremony, 
 etc. : to be p. at a banquet, adesse cun- 
 vivio. Suet. Tib. 6i,/«. : to be p. at the 
 drawing up of a decree (as witness), 
 scribendo (decreto) adesse, Cic. de Or. j, 
 
 2, 5 : see also id. Fam. 8, 8, med. 2. 
 intersum, irr. (to be p. and take part in : 
 with dat.) : to be p. at an engagement, 
 proelio int., Caes. B. G. 7, 87. (Praesto 
 esse, adesse, to be near at hand.) 
 
 present (suJis.): 1. donum: v. 
 GIFT. 2. miinus, 5ris, n. : to send a 
 person p.s, mittere alicui munera, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 27, 62 : Plin. Dimin. munus- 
 culum (a small p.) ; Cic. Fam. 9, 1 2, 
 etc Other special terms are, strena (a 
 neiv year's p.), Suet. Cal. 42: xgnia, 
 orwm (ps to a guest). Plin. Ep. 6, }i, 14 
 (also used in wider sense, ib. 5, 14, 8, of 
 Iriendly p.s, not in money [" maxinie 
 esculenta et potulenta," (jierlg] made 
 to a pleader) : Vitr. : sing, not in use • 
 
 coroUarium (a gratuity, douceur). Suet 
 Aug. 4; : Apul. See also do.nativb. 
 To make any one pj, munerari, »1th 
 direct cu:c. : Cic. Att 7, 2, 2. 
 
 present (".) .- |. To taring to view, 
 put forward ; e.sp. with pn/n. rejt. : \_ 
 oBSro, obtiili, oblatum, j, irr. : you have 
 p.'d yourself veri/ opportunely, oppido 
 opportune te obtulisti mihl obviam, IVr. 
 Ad. J, 2, 24: to p. an appearance, spe- 
 ciera of., Cic. Div. i, 57, 81. 2. "b- 
 jicio, Jeci, jecium, j (to put directly 
 before or in the way of) : (the vuxin ) 
 p.ing Iter globe to (the sun's) burning 
 ja^s, objiciens radils ardentibus orbem, 
 Lucr. 5, 754 : if such a vision have tieen 
 p.'d fry the deity to a sleeper, si tale 
 visum objectum est a Deo durmientl, 
 Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49: and as pass, rrfl., 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 200 (objicltur, p.; itself). 
 
 3. praebeo, 2 (to offer ; display) : to 
 p. one's neck to the knife, cervicem p. (tc. 
 .securi), Petr. 97: Juv.: to p. the appear- 
 ance (of something), specieni pr., Liv. 21, 
 2, extr. See also to offer, display. 
 
 4, in legal sense, sisto,st{ii,siatum, 
 J (to p. oneself in court : to appear) : 
 Cic. t^uint. 6, 25: Dig. AI.mj as pass. 
 reft. : Cic. ib. 7, extr. 5. in fig. sense, 
 of things which come hefi/re the mind : 
 occurro, i, rsum, j: whatever comes into 
 the -mind or ps itself, quodcunque In 
 mentem veniat, ant quodcunque occur- 
 rat,Cic. Fin. 4, 17, 47 . more emphatically 
 with ipse (to p. itself unsought) : Id. de 
 Or. ?,49. 191 (ipsl occurreiit oratione,. . . 
 ipsi se offerent, speaking of musical 
 
 fett). 6. obvenio, 4 (similar to oc- 
 curro) : an opportunity p.s ittelf, occasxo 
 obv., PI. As. 2. 2, 15 : Cic. Phr.: where 
 an (pportunity is p.'d, occasione data: 
 v. OPPORTDNITY. ||, To introduce : 
 Introdiico. induco : v. to intboddcb. 
 III. To give freely: 1. do, i, 
 irr. ; esp. with dat. dono, moneri : v. to 
 GIVE. 2. dono, I (with ace. of gift; 
 and dat. of person ; or ace. of person 
 and abl. ol gift) : he p.s the youth uvitk 
 a caparisoned horse, puero equum or- 
 natum donat, Liv. 27, 19, extr. : Cic. : 
 but oftener with ace. and abl. : to p. any 
 one with the franchise, aliquem civiiate 
 d., Cic. Arch. ?, 5 : Hor. 3, niunSro, 
 miingror, i (usu. with ace. of person and 
 sometimes abl. of gilt) : Cic. Delot 6, if 
 (munerare aliquem aliqua re) : Sen. : 
 Hor. (munerari). |V. In eccl. lang., to 
 p. to a living : Phr.: *beneficio donare. 
 
 presentation; 1. Act of present- 
 ing : donatio (bestoiement) : Cic. Ph. 4, 
 4, 9. Usu. better expr. by verb : v. to 
 PRESENT (III.). II. To a living : expr. 
 by verb. 
 
 presentiment : 1. augurium 
 
 (prophetic foreboding) : a IHnd of p. of 
 future ages, quasi a. quoddam futuronim 
 saeculorum, Cic Tusc. i, 15, J?. 2. 
 praesagitio (act of presaging ; the sign 
 itself being praesagium): id. Div. 1, 54, 
 1 2 J (pr.divina, used of tite pu/mptit.g of 
 the daemonion of S'K-rotes), ib. 1, }i, 66. 
 3. poet, praesagium mentis: Ov. 
 Met. 6, 510. Oftener expr. by verb : to 
 iMve a p. : (1). praesagio, 4 : Cic. Div. 
 I, Jl, init.: Liv. Used by Plaut. with 
 subject animus, Aul. 2, 2, 1 (praesagibat 
 mihi animus). (2). anguro, -or, i (In 
 present sense, rather act.): Virg Join: 
 praesentire et augurare, Cic. fr. in Non. 
 (Praesentire Is to perceive beforehand, in 
 whatever vai).) 
 
 presently : 1. ""os = ^- sw- 2. 
 
 Jam (all but now ; in a minute) : I'll be 
 here p.. Jam adero, Ter. Kun. 4, 6, 27 : 
 (Die. Strengthened, jam, jam (this very 
 instant) : ct. Virg. Aen. 6, 602. See also 
 
 IMMEDIATELY. 
 
 presentment : "■'■ to pri^sent. 
 
 preservation : conserva' io : Cic. : 
 Quint. Oftener expr. by verb : for the 
 p. of liberty, libertatis conservandae 
 causa : the instinct of self -p., sui con- 
 servandl cupiditas : cf Cic N. I ). 2, 48, 
 extr. : a boily in a good state of p., 
 ♦cadaver integrum incorrupt unique. 
 
 preservative (subs.): Phr.: paint 
 is a p. of irood, 'pignienta inducta effi- 
 ciunt ut ne ligna putrescant s. putoK 
 515
 
 PRESERVE 
 
 PRESSURE 
 
 PRETENCE 
 
 dissolvamur: it is a p againU the bUt 
 of a serpent, •corpora luta praeslat an- 
 versus serpentium ictus. 
 
 Be?vo.illo%ave in a tivu of danger): 
 V TO SAVE. More adequately expr. i.y 
 romp, conservo, i (to Ixep in security): 
 TO p and increase one's pioperty, rem 
 familiarem conservare, augere, Cic. un 
 1 li. 8t (where servare could not stiinai. 
 to p. a tree, as an omen of victory 
 arborem :., ut omen victonae, Suet. Aug. 
 ^ad^«.:Liv. 2. tueor 2:v. TO 
 ^^vkJ, maintain. Join: tuen el 
 conservare, Cic. Man 5. U- . P^J;,„!,^ 
 p. the allies in safety, socios salvor 
 praeBtare, ih. 18, 55 ■■ to p. {hold, retain) 
 life and reputation, vitam et famam ob- 
 tinere, id. R. Am. n. ./'«••• toP. {keep 
 hMof) one's friends by treating them 
 with respect, amices ol>servantia retinere, 
 Id. Qui.r .8. fni.: so, an.icos re mere 
 servareque, Hor. S. I, i, 89. W- "> 
 conserve: condio, 4= ^^ Pa f^.'rjl ,f 
 c, Cato R. R. in, m- ■■ Col. Mode of 
 ping, coTiditura; Col. 12, 4'7. «9'J-.; ./" 
 yorp.ing, condltivus: Col. i, 59. »«'*• C^- 
 
 ™pSserve (subs.): expr. by condUi- 
 cius: v. foil. art. . 
 
 Breserved {part, adj.) .■ conditicms : 
 «.^oof c-clK Col. 8, 8. Also con- 
 dltivus in same sense : id. 1, 9, med. (In 
 both cases, of the food of cattle.) 
 
 preserver: serviitor, cons 
 
 etc. : Cl'. TO 1-KESEBVE (1.). . 
 
 preserving {subs.).-offrmt etc 
 
 1 conditio: Cic. l>iv. I. 5I> ", ' 
 Varr 2 oonditus, us: to gather 
 
 olires /or i).,'olivas conditui legere Col 
 2, zi.med. 3. conditOra {mode of 
 p.) : Col. 12, 41. s'W- . ,„„„ 
 
 nreside- 1. piaesum, irr. (gen. 
 te^jobeat the head of , have the super- 
 intendnwe of anything: with dat^: v. 
 HEAD (VII.). 2. praesideo, sedi. 2 
 
 (esp. suited to denote a judicial position . 
 with dat. or absol.): top. over affairs in 
 the city, pr. rebus urbanis, Caes. B. b i, 
 8; : Suet. Absol. : the emperor p.d {at 
 the trial), priiiceps praesidebat, I lim 
 Fp 2 ii.io Phr.: to p. at the comitia 
 {electiMis), coniltia habere, Cic: Liv.: 
 
 V. TO HOLD (XI.). . 
 
 nrpsidency I. Function of pi e- 
 «XS' expr%y verb: v. to pkeside. 
 \\ A government under a president : 
 nraefectur.i : v. government. 
 
 %resideiit: I. ^^''-CsS 
 praefectus, with gen. or dat. : v !,VPh.R- 
 intendent. Often better expr. by prae- 
 Bldeo, praesum : v. to pueside. ||. 
 Governor: 1. P'-ae^^^..^''^- Sue'. 
 Aue 2? (gm. term, including aU pio- 
 VnncM. gom-nors) : Dig. 2. praefectus : 
 
 V. GOVEHNOR. , , .• „ 
 
 presidential: Phr.: the p. elections 
 pe"li *c.!niitia maxima, comitia imperii : 
 Sr by circuml.. *comitia quibus reipub- 
 licae praeses creatur. 
 
 presignify: v.PRE>N"MATE. 
 press (''■)• A. 1 "'ins- '• 
 
 the enemy from a positio^i of advantage. 
 (hostes) ex superiore loco p., Caes. B. i». 
 19. Join: tnostros] premere et in- 
 stare, id. B. C. 3. 46. 3.. m^to f "• 
 1 (to urge the attack on : with dat.): [o 
 
 Toawly physical pressure : prgmo ssi 
 Z^r. they p.'d their babe^ to Vieir 
 breasts, pressere ad pectora natos, Virg. 
 Aer. 7 518. Esp. comps. (1). compnmo, 
 I (to press together; compress): Cic N. 
 I) 2 47, 145 Hor. To p. any ones 
 hknd,*mannm (dexlram) alicujus pre- 
 hensam comprimere. (2). impnmo, i 
 (top. upmi) :top.a cupping-glass upon 
 the bJy, cucuvbitulam (corpori) imp.. 
 Gels 2 ii: more usu. = to imprint, 
 o V (3). e.xprimo, 3 (to p. out) : Cic : 
 Plin (4). deprimo, J (to p. doum or 
 i^p) : Lucr. : Virg. See also TO crush ; 
 souE^EZE II. To make cheese oil, 
 
 fyplelsing.vr^rm. V. to p. cheese 
 caseum p Virg. K. l, %<i- to p. oil, 
 oS p. Col. 12, 50. The act of p.ni^, 
 pressura, ib. j6. |||. ^^o «r<;e/o'ctM/ , 
 in war : 1 urgeo, si, 2 (to bear haid 
 vpon):tobe{hard)p.'dbymeenem!^, 
 ab hoste urgen, Caes. B. U. 2, 2b. i^iv. 
 
 V an enemy's retreat, cedenti (liosti) 1.. 
 liv. 10, }b,init. Join: instare aique 
 urgere, Cic. |V. To urge -^'^th per- 
 sistency : insto, i; in^'sto ^5= ;^e 
 URGE M. To impress for service. 
 
 Phr : to P. sailors. *nautas vi cogere, 
 comparare. B. In^ans.: \. Jo 
 incline bij pressure : mtor, sus and xus, 
 T^p.inLrds {of the globe) in m- 
 teriori n.. Plin. 2, 65 65. <! l^K ^^^ 
 in Sim. sense, vergere [in fen trum], tern 
 [in inleriora], ib. See also to incline^ 
 "- 11 To be urgent : flagito, t but the 
 postnL p.'s, fed fl tabellanus C.C 
 Fam. 15, 18, extr. See also 10 i RESs 
 
 "''nrp's^ together • comprimo, 5 : Lucr. 
 6,^5f(in\effe compressa, sc. co.pora) : 
 
 Cic. . 
 
 — upon, on : i 
 with dat. and absol.) : to , 
 Jortune, i. fortnnae, Tac. Agr.iS meJ 
 p. on ! finish the work, urge, i."»ta, per- 
 
 W, Cic. Att. u, J 2. 2. ;"f "\' /■ 
 
 3 (with dot.) : to p. on the uarL of 
 slaughter, insistere caedibus. Tac. A. 
 
 ^'^vpss (subs.): I. Act of pressing, 
 in^ti'g''s'ense:v!pREsJTTRE. ||. ^ "-- 
 conservator, \ chine : 1 preluni (most gen terg 
 for wine or oil, Laio : <^oi.. vug. ^-f. 
 i„ mod. Latin, the printing-press :to send 
 (o .. orfc) to the p., prelo subjicere, Kulink. 
 (Kr ) ■ to be in the p., sub prelo esse, Ivr. . 
 to issue from the p., prelo e.xire : see 
 a"so TO PRINT, pu BLisH. 2. ^rci. ar, 
 arts, n. {for making wme or ml). Plin. 
 t8 26 62: Vitr.: Col. Also, torculanum, 
 Ca'lo 3 pressorium (late and rare) ; 
 Ami. Phr.: an enor of the p^, 
 *mendum s. erratum typographicmn , \i- 
 tium tvpographicum (a stronger e-xpr.) ; 
 also*splialmapreli: afcooA:/«J«i/ errors 
 of the p *liber mrindosissimus, mendis 
 typographicis creberrimus. Meton : 
 af^ee p *ius omnia, quaecunque scri- 
 b/nturf^ in' publicum edendi ; l.bertas 
 scripta omnia in publicum edendi, .s. pub- 
 ticandt : in that country the p. isundei 
 control, *nen.ini illic scripta pubUcare 
 licet nisi potestate per litteras data. 
 press-gang : expr. by (nautas) vi 
 
 ""pressing {^ubs) : P«s^»J:f = «/''"f,* 
 
 p. {of the gropes), una p., Plm. 18. iU 
 nA ) m : Col. See abo pressure 
 
 Dressing (a''j) •■ v. urgent. Phr.. 
 to^gi^^^yonea very p. invitatum, 
 *e£fusissime aliquem invilare: as I M- 
 cUned,he became still wm' j)., *neganU 
 mihi tanto magis instare coepit : to t/e 
 p. in one's demands, flagitare: v. to im- 
 
 pressingly: P^^h. ™P.™£' f^"t' 
 (trith dtmonstration of feeling) . v. 
 
 ' "^Tressman: torcularius (strictly, in 
 
 oil or leine works): Col. 12, 'io.uut. 
 
 pressure: I. I'ressmg.Umlmg : 
 pr?^o (rare), and in oblique cases, 
 pressus,us: to move the end -;/ a lever 
 by p. downwards, caput vectis pressione 
 in imum (movere), Vitr. 10, i (8), 3 : to 
 thrust off all p. of iceights. omnem p. 
 ponderum depellere, Cic Tusc 2, 23. 54- 
 Kar. ly pressura in precisely this sense : 
 Apul.: v. pressing (subs.). Plir.; to 
 coHden.se cheese by p., caseum poudenbus 
 condensare, Col. -j, 8, nu'd. : a still nwre 
 ponerful p. is applied, (caseus) vehe- 
 mentius premitur, ib.: theU,''er'i'l f^ 
 cmtd^ised by the p. of that «*'<^^ « 
 ato^>e,*densiorfitaerinfra.llllUsqul^upra 
 
 est aBris pondere pressus. ||. f .g.^ 
 o\ trying circumstances: Phr.. umler 
 the (increasing) p. of age ^/^y^^f ^nte 
 aetale, cf. Cic. Sen. 2. 6 : to feel the p. oj 
 foreian or civU war. externis, domesticis 
 hostibus laborare, id. Br. i, 10 mit. .or. 
 account of the p. "f <^l\r'^1'^^\!^J^f 
 tndinem aeris alieni. Sail. Cat. 33 : S"/,' 
 
 under p. of circumstances, inopia co- 
 actus, Ter. Andr. i, 1, 45 : cf. hac neces- 
 sitate coactus, Nep. Them. 8 : suffering 
 under the p. of many evils and difficul' 
 ties, multis incommodis difficultati- 
 bus'que affectus, Cic. Div. Verr. }. 8 
 III Variety and urgency of busi- 
 ness : Phr.: such is the p. of (my) 
 business, ita officio distringor, cf. Plin. 
 Ep. I, 10, 9, cf. Phaedr. 4, 26, 3, distiingit 
 quem multarum rerum varietas. 
 
 prestige (I'r) : expr. by fama, opinio, 
 rumor, etc. : by the mere p. of his name. 
 ipso nomine ac rumore, Cic. Man. 15, 
 extr. : the p. of this victory secured for 
 Antigonus peace, Antigono pacem hujus 
 victoriae opinio [fama. existmiatio <-x 
 victoria parta. Gron.] praestitit. Just. 25, 
 
 2 med.: cf. opinione famae com- 
 
 moveii, Cic Man. 14, 43 (to be eamvd 
 away by the mere p. of a name) : see 
 the whole paragraph. 
 
 prestigiation : v. jcgglikg. 
 
 I presume: I. To suppose or tah^ 
 insto I (both /■<>'• <'■»«■■ Praesumo, 3 (rare in this sense): 
 Tp tone's Papin. Dig. 12, 6, 3. See also to as- 
 P- *i" " . ^^^^ li j-o take too much on one- 
 self : expr. by sumo, arr5go : / do not p. 
 so far as to s»i>pose ..., mihi non sumo 
 tantum neque arrogo, ut. . .. Cic 1 tan. 
 I 3 • theij would not presume to juOge 
 otherwise than..., ne.iue sibi judicium 
 sumpturos contra atque. . .. Caes. a. O. 
 J 12. Sometimes audeo may serve: 
 when slaves p. so far, ausint quum talia 
 fures. Virg. E. 3. il (v. w venture): 
 or when reliance on something is spoken 
 of, confido,usu. with abl.: p-ing upon 
 his connexion with Fompey, conhsus 
 affinitate Pompeii, Caes. B. C. 3. 83 (v. 
 
 ^Vresuming {.<^J) •• ''■ prbs™!-'"- 
 
 OL'S 
 
 presumption: I. Fre-sim>osu 
 tion: 1 piaesumptio (rare in this 
 sense) : to 'believe on a slight p., levi p. 
 credere, Papin. Dig 4>. }• 44 ^4- *• 
 perh. conjectura i probable infenence): 
 v.conjecture. Phr.: there is a p. iii 
 favour of the accused, *ei potius videtur 
 esse credendum qui reus factus est: 
 praeoccupanlur quodam modo animi ab 
 eo qui reus factus est : v. to prepossess. 
 II Fresumptuousness : 1. aiJO" 
 gantiaVsirictly. as-sumption) : Cic. bee 
 Slso ARROGANCE. 2. fWucia {ossur- 
 ance ; in good or bad sense) : Cic : Uiv. 
 3 spiritus. us (haughtiness, ova- 
 weeningne6S: oft. plur.): Join: fiducia 
 ac spiritus, Caes. B. C. 3. 12 ; ta"tos 
 .spiiiius, tantam arrogantiam [sibi sii- 
 niere], id. B. G. I, 3 3 . 4. contiimiicia 
 (insolence): Join: contumacia, arr..- 
 gantia, Cic R. Com. 15. 44; <=. ac su- 
 perbia, id. Verr. 3. 2./"- ^, ., „ 
 
 presumptive: Phr.: there u p. 
 evidence or guilt, *in(1icia exstant ex 
 quibus sceleris conjecturam capere pos- 
 simus : see presumption (1.). 
 
 presumptively: perH. ^x conjec- 
 tura; praesumptione ahqua: v. 1 re- 
 sumption. . ., _ 
 
 presumptuous: ^ 1. ™"*""'^J 
 
 (insolent, unyielding) : p. and ill-ad- 
 vised language, voces c et inconsultae. 
 Tac. A. 4, 60. .loin: contumax, arro- 
 cans, securiis, Quint. 6, I, I4- 2. 
 
 arragans (taking too much on oneself, 
 assuming): Cic: Caes. : v. akro..ant. 
 3 audax, temerarius: v. rash. 
 RECKLESS. (Non sum tam temeranus 
 nee audax. Mart. 4, 4J. 2.) Or by 
 circuml.: that would be p m my poit, 
 •hoc esset nimium mihi sumere atque 
 arrogare: o p. confidence, nvaiui sui 
 (rerum suarum) tiducia, cf. Nep. PeL 
 ?, init. : v. pki-sumftion. _ _ 
 
 presumptuously : contumaciter : 
 ex nimiatidiicia: v. presumptuous. 
 
 presumptuousness : v. prksomp- 
 
 ^2=^ K^^t^^:^:; 
 
 "^'wetence^ 1. ^■"""•^«" ^'^ "^ 
 pretending ; feigning, hypocrisy): usu. 
 
 tUrect hostile moivments against) . to p. \ oppressuo « 
 516
 
 PRETEND 
 
 PREVENT 
 
 P K ICK. 
 
 with p. from the u-hole of life, B. ex 
 omni Vila tollcre, Cic. Off. j, 15, init. 
 Join: siniulatio ei faUai ia, id. dc Or. 
 Z, 46, 191. (N.B — The cijunterpart 10 
 Bimulatio, pretence <;/' vhat it fwt. Is dis- 
 amulatio, concealmetit of V hat is.) 2. 
 Bpecies, ei (that uhich ie ustumed t/r 
 made pretence of): v. pretext; osti-:k- 
 8IDLT. 3. by meton. lu'-us (lit. fo&iui. 
 ing matter) : esp. in nigative phr., 
 without any p., sine fuco, Hot. S. 1, 2, 
 8} ; sine fuco et falliiciis, Cic. Att. i, i, 
 init Phr.: under false p.s, dolo malo 
 (legal term): v. Smith's Cat. l»lct. s. v. 
 dulus. 
 
 pretend: slmdio, i (top. what it 
 not): foil by simple ace, ace. and inf., 
 and sometimes absol. : v. to ff.ign (2). 
 Ckimp. dissimulo, i (tn hide uhat it by 
 preleiidintj) v. to FKrcN (4). Also as- 
 timulo (= simulo, but less freq.) : ib. 
 
 pretended : tictus, simiiiaius, fu- 
 
 CitUS: V. FAIJJK (II.). 
 
 pretendedly : expr. by spScies : v. 
 
 OSTENSIBLY. 
 
 pretender ; |, In gen. sense : 
 slmJilatur: Sail. See also rMPOsTOK. 
 II. 'Jne who claims the throne : *qul 
 rpgnom affectat. (Affeciator imperil 
 populus, Klor. 2, 7, init., a people pre- 
 tending to [universal} empire.) 
 
 pretension : I. claim : perh. 
 postulatio, pobtfilatum: v. claim, de- 
 u ANB. To nuike p.s to the throne, rcgnum 
 affectare, Liv. I, 46: / make no p.s to 
 such honour, baud equidem tali me 
 dignor honore, Virg. Aen. i, j)5 : / malce 
 no p s to be a poet, •haudquaquam mihl 
 laudem poeticam sumo, arroyo : to make 
 tome p.s to be an i/rator, *allqua dicendi 
 laude florere. ||, Display : ostemalio, 
 ambitio: v. ostentation. 
 
 pretermission ; praetermissio : V. 
 
 OMISSION. 
 
 preternatural: expr. by praeter 
 naturam. etc. . v. toll. art. 
 
 pretematurally : perh. praeter na- 
 turam : Cic. Ph. 1, 4, 10 (where hi.wever 
 the sense differs from Eng.). Sometimes 
 praeter modum: the Alban like had 
 risen p., lacus Albanus p. modum cre- 
 verat, Cic. Div. i, 44, 100. Phr.: he 
 was p. tall,eriit in eo enormis proci'ritas. 
 Suet. Vit. !■;: sight p. acu<e, *oculorum 
 acies acerrima. 
 
 pretext ; 1. spScies, ei ; under p. 
 of.. ., specie, per speciem, foil, by gtn. : 
 V. OSTENSIBLY. 2. praetextum, i ; 
 
 praetextus, iis (not in the best authors) : 
 a p. for civil war (opp. real cause, 
 causa), praetextum civilium armorum. 
 Suet. Caes. jo: untij-r^., praetexto (foil, 
 by gen.), Tac. H. 2, too; ad p.. Suet 
 -Vug. 12: also, sub praetexlu, Petr 97; 
 boc praetextu, Just. 3. obtontus, us 
 (also late) : to assume anything as a p. 
 (veil for a real design), aliquid obtentui 
 Bumere, Tac. A. 1, 10, init. : Just. 4. 
 latebra (subterfuge) : to seek a p. f(/r 
 perjury, 1. quaerere perjurio, Cic. Off. j, 
 29, 106. Phr.: under p. of an agrarian 
 law, legis agrariae simulatione atque 
 nomine, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, i ; : to allege any- 
 tliitig as a p., praetexere aliquid, id. in 
 Pis. 24, 56: Tac: also, obtenUere, Tac. 
 A. J, 17 : to assign a false p. for a war, 
 falsum titulum bello praetendere, cf. 
 Liv. 37, 54, med. (but tituUis alone, 
 simply =: ^cound a/ify«(Z, without notion 
 of falseness). 
 
 prettily : belle (nicely), vgnuste 
 (charmingly), concinne (neatly put to- 
 gether) : Cic. F. drt-ssed, lepide, con- 
 dnne vestlta, PI. Epid. 2, 2, 40. 
 
 prettiness : perh. concinnitas (of 
 what is neatly ami ni'-ehj put together) : 
 p. is nut a masculine adurnment, noii est 
 virile ornamentum c. Sen. Ep. 112, 3: 
 Cic. 
 
 pretty (adj.): 1. pulcrr, era. crum 
 (-Cher -chra -i brum : usually denoting a 
 higher quality than the Eng.): a p. girl, 
 p. Virgo, Ter. Pli. i, 2, 54 : what sight 
 could be prettier f quid potest esse 
 ■speclu pulchrius? Cic. de Sen. 15, 51. 
 Dimin. pulchellus (rare) : Cic. Fam. 7, 
 i} (pulchellaf sunt, sc. statuae, they are 
 uerg p.). 2. perh. bellus (which 
 
 however does not refer exclusively to 
 looks) : vessels of a p. shape, vasa tiguia 
 bella, Varr. L. 1.. 8, 16. ji. (But bella 
 puella. Is a nice, amiable girl : Cic Alt. 
 6, 4, eztr : I'l.) 3. ISpidus (j)/'Ufo7i<, 
 grojerful, and dtarmmg) : a p. lady-like 
 figure, lorma 1. et lil)eralis, I'l. Epid. I, 
 I, 41 ; a very p. little fellow, liomuncio 
 lepidissimus, Aug. in Suet. Vit. Hor. 4. 
 venustus: v lovely, chakming. Phr.: 
 a (rather) p. young wuman, adolescen- 
 tula lorma buna, IVr. Andr. i, 1,91. 
 
 pretty (o'^j-) ■ mfidlocilter (pretty 
 well) : V. moderately. A p. good num^ 
 ber. complures ; a p. considerable quan- 
 tity, aliquanium, aliquantuluni : v. good 
 (HI.). 
 
 prevail : I. ^o prove the stronger : 
 
 1. vinco, vici, ctum (trans.), } : the 
 stronger party p.'d over the better one, 
 major pars meliorem vicit, Liv. 21, 4, 
 init.; also absol., that party p.'d, vicit 
 pars ilia, Sail. Jug. 16. 2. praev41eo, 
 ui, 2 (not In Cic.) : to p. by virtue of 
 authority, auctoritate p.. Suet. Gal. 19 : 
 which consideration should p., utrum 
 praevaleat, Tac. A. i, 58: occasionally 
 withaW. (like a compar. degree) : destiny 
 p.'d oixr counsel, praevalebant fatacoiisi- 
 liis, Veil 2, 118. II. To be in force, 
 have currency : \, tSneo, ui, ntum, 2 : 
 the custom has p.'d, tenult consuetudo, 
 ut. ., Quint. 2, ini(.: Liv. Also comp. 
 obtineo, 2 : the repoH has p.'d, lama 
 obiiiiuit, Liv. 21, 46, extr. 2. prae- 
 vileo, 2 ( late and rare): in all Asia this 
 custom p.s, tota Asia hie mos p., Plin. 
 17, 22, js ^181. Kreq. expr. by esse: 
 he said the custom did not p. among the 
 Greeks, negavit raoris esse Graecorum, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 26, 66: v. custom. To 
 begin to p., p. more and more : (1). iu- 
 crebresco, brui (-besco, -bui) : this custom 
 which has begun to p., haec consuetudo 
 quae increbruit, Cic. Ph. 14, 5, init. : PI. 
 (N.B. —The perf. tenses may often be 
 rendered simply by to prevail : cf. ex- 
 ample given, and id. Verr. 2, }, 7, haec 
 quae nunc increbruit disciplina, uhich 
 now p.s.) So percrebresco (esp. of re- 
 ports) : Cic. : Cat's. (2). invalesco, ui, 2 
 (to gain ground) : the practice p.s more 
 and more, consuetudo magis i., yuint. 2, 
 
 1, init. See also to spread. (3). Invg- 
 t6ra.sco, avi, } (to becme rooted): Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 41. Ill, To prevail upon, i. e. 
 induce: 1. addiico. Induco (the latter 
 esp. with ref. to something bad or 
 wrong) : v. to induce. 2. exoro, i 
 (by entreaties) : let me p. upon you. sine 
 te exoreui, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 6 : foil, by 
 ut and subj., Cic. K. Com. 16, 46. 3. 
 expr. by iiiipetro, I (to obtain by ask- 
 ing) : he p.s upun tlie Sequani to allow 
 . . ..impetrataSequanisutpatiantur. . ., 
 Caes. 13. G. 1,9: how far you may allow 
 yourself to be p.'d on, quid patiare a te 
 impetrari, Cic. Am. 20, 76. 
 
 prevalent \ 1. vulgatus (common, 
 
 prevailiugt generally known) : the 
 
 more p. slory, vulgatior fama, Liv. i, 7: 
 
 strenKtlieiii'd, pervulgatus: v. common. 
 
 2. constaiis, ntis (uniform) : an 
 old and p. belief, vetus et constaiis 
 opinio. Suet. Vesp. 4. To become preva- 
 lent, increbresccre, invalescere, etc.: v. 
 to PREVAIL. Phr.: the custom becomes 
 p., consuetudo inveterascit, Ciies. B. G. 
 
 5.41- 
 
 prevailingly : Rrc, ferme : v. gene- 
 rally. 
 
 prevaricate : terglversor, i Cic. : 
 v. to shuffle. (Praevaricari. 'opractise 
 collusion as an advocate.) Or by cir- 
 cuiiil., mentlrl ac secum repuguaniia 
 attirmare. 
 
 prevarication : v. to prevaricate. 
 (IVevaricalio, cullusion.) 
 
 prevaricator: v. to prevaricate, 
 
 prevent: 1. prOiiiben. 2 ■ foil, hy 
 dlnct act'., also by subj. with ne, quo- 
 minus or ace. and infm.: may the godt 
 p. the evils. Ail mala prohibeaiit, IVr. Hec. 
 
 2, I, 10: to p. a thing being d-me, p. ne 
 quid fiat, Cic. Hiv. Verr. 10, fin.: J sup- 
 pose winter has p.'d. . ., credo hlenitm 
 piohlbuissequominus. . .,id. Fam. 12. 5: 
 for the use of infin., cf. Caes. B. G. 7. j8, | 
 
 2 P 
 
 dolore prohibeor . . . pronuutiare ; Cic. . 
 Liv. In a negative genicnce, use quin: 
 see L. G. } 461. 2. ofeto, impedio 
 (to stand in the way . a» hindrances or 
 obstacles: while prohibeo Is actually Jo 
 prevent) : v. to hinder. 
 
 prevention: expr. by verb: v. TO 
 prev ent. P h r. : jj. ii better than curt, 
 • tutius prohibeuiur mala quam cn- 
 raniur: satins est providi-re ne qvid 
 mall accidat quam Ipsum malum [quum 
 semel accident] oppugnare. 
 
 preventive; expr. by verb: v. tb 
 prevent. To wiopt all possible p. mea- 
 sures, 'omnia providere alque curare. 
 
 previous : proximus, aniecedeDi, 
 etc. : V. pbe<;:eding. 
 
 previously: an tea, antehac: v. bb> 
 FORE, l^reviously to..., (often) priua 
 ...quam, ante... quam (or ao single 
 words): V. 1,. G. } 501. 
 
 prevision : prOvidentla, Cic. Inv. i, 
 5J. 160. 
 
 prey (suhs.) : praeda : deer, the p. of 
 wolves, cervl, luporum p., Hor. Od. 4. 4, 
 50 : Phaedr. (Kaptum, only of human 
 beings : v. plunder.) a beatt of p., 
 (bestia, animal) rapax, Plin. 11, 45, 101, 
 where the adj. is used in pi., absol.: 
 later, bestia praedatrix : Anim. (N.B.— 
 Usu. fera will be sufficiently precise: v. 
 wild beast.) Phr. the p. of anxiotu 
 thoughts, "quern vexant soUicitudines, 
 sollicitae curae : v. to disquiet, ha- 
 rass. 
 
 prey (i'-) •• {.Lit.: praedor, i : 
 Virg. G. 1 , I JO. The cat p.s upon mice 
 and birds, *feles muribus et avibus in- 
 festisiimus; feles mures et aves Infetstis- 
 sime insectatur ; felium esca muret 
 avfsque minutiores. ||, Fig.: 1. 
 edo, edi. esum, } (esp. poet.): if aught 
 p.s upon the mind, si quid est anlmum, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 2, J9: Virg. Strengthened, 
 peredo, j : Virg. Aen. 6, 442. 2. les» 
 strong, sollicito, vexo, etc. : v. to harass. 
 The pass, may be expr. by tabesco, ui, 
 } (10 pine ail ay, be the victim of some 
 feeling) ; to be p.'d upr/n by vexation, 
 molestiis tabescere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37 ; 
 V. to pine. 
 
 preying (<k*?-)-" F'g-: 6dax: Hor 
 Od. 2, It, 18 (e. curae). In same settse, 
 mordax (gnawing), ib. i, 18, 4 (m. soUi- 
 citudines). 
 
 priapism: priapismus: Apul. Herb. 
 
 price (subs.) : 1. prJtium : (to buy) 
 at a low, hiuhp., parv'o, maguo p., Caes. 
 B. G. I, 18 : Cic. : to agree on a p. for 
 one's head, p. pacisci pro capite, Cic Off. 
 }, 29, 107 : to fix a p. (as a dealer doet), 
 p. constituere, id. Att. 12, jj: p.s art 
 fallen, jacent p., id. R. Com. 12, iniL 
 2, when price is indicated inde- 
 finitely, In such phrr. as, at a high, 
 low p., etc.: use, magni, parvi, tanti, 
 etc. ; (to sell a female slave) at cost p., 
 (tauti) quanii empta est, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 
 41 ; more precisely, tantidem (fen- just 
 so much), ib. 2, I, 46: at what p. doet 
 Chrysognnus give lessons t quanii C. 
 (locet? Juv. 7, 176: so, at a higher or 
 lower p.. majoris, pluris : L. G. } 281. 
 (N.B. — The forms magno, parvo, maxi- 
 mo, plurimo. are also common.) 3. price 
 of com, annona (market-price) : the p. of 
 com had risen to. . ., ad. . .annona per- 
 venerat, Caes. B. C. i, 52 : to raise the p. 
 of arm, iiiceiidere «. excandelacere an- 
 nonam, Varr. R. R. }. 2, ad fin. : also, a. 
 flagellare (artificially, by buying up the 
 supply), Plin. j?, extr. Also used of 
 other commodities of which thete it a 
 regular sale: Juv. 9, 100 (veneni a.): 
 PUn. L c. Phr. : to 6<! had for a p. 
 venalLs, Sail. Jug. 3?, extr. : beyond all 
 (estimate of) p., supiT oranem taxa- 
 tionem, Plin. 7, 12. >6. See also valub. 
 
 price (''•>•• Pbr. : pretium coustitu- 
 ere, Cic. Att. 12, JJ: also, ta.\are (not 
 in Cic), riin. Jl, 5. 27 (of the market 
 price of a commodity ; whereas the for- 
 mer phr. refers to a particular case). 
 
 price-current: • index rerum vena- 
 lium et pretiorum. 
 
 priceless : v. invalcablk. 
 
 prick (subs.) : I. Juncture 1. 
 punctum. Vfg. MiL 1, 11 (stab). I'imin, 
 > 1 1
 
 PRICK 
 
 PRINCELY 
 
 PRINT 
 
 pnnctalutn (a small or slight p.), Apul. 
 
 2. puDctus, us : Apul. (Usu. bet- 
 ter exp'. by piingo: a vound like the 
 p. of a pin, vulnus quod acu puiictum 
 Tideretur, Cic. Mil. 14. 65.) Punctiones, 
 pricking pains : Cels. : Plin, ||, 
 A sharp point ; v. i-kickle. See also 
 
 OOAD. SPIKE. 
 
 prick («•) •• 1. pungo, piipugi, 
 
 puiictum, } ; Cic. Mil. 24, 65 (acu p.) : 
 Petr. Comp. compungo, nxi, nctum, } 
 (rare): Cels. 6, 18, 9 (acu c). 2. 
 stimiilo, I (irith a goad or spur) : v. to 
 SPUB. GOAD. Comp. exstidiulo, Plin. 
 (For fig. sense, v. to sting.) 
 
 prick UP : H h r. : to p. up the ears, 
 aures anigere {of attention), Ter. Andr. 
 5, 4, JO : PI. Virg. : also, erigere 
 fmeiites auresque], Cic. Sull. 11, a. 
 (The latter is a more dignified mode of 
 speech.) Poet. : the up-p.'d ears of the 
 Satyrs, aures Satyrorum acutae, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 19. 4. See also to arouse. 
 
 pricking (adj.): Phr. ; p. pains, 
 punctiones, Cels. 8, 9, ftn. : to be at- 
 tended with a p. sensation, punctionem 
 afferre, Plin. 54, 15,44. 
 
 prickle : aculeus (anything that 
 pricks or stings): Plin. 20, 2}, 99 (a. 
 carduonim). See also thorn. 
 
 prickly ; 1. spiuosus : PUn. 20. 
 JJ, 911 Ov. 2. spiniler(poet.): Pall. 
 de insii. 81 : Cic. poet. (dub). 3, 
 apiniger (poet.) Prud.: Cic. poet. (dub.). 
 
 pride (subs.) .- |. Haughtiness : 
 1. siiperbia, (lofty, domineering 
 tpirit) : Cic. (who joins it with in- 
 eolentia, arrogantia, inbumanitas, etc.: 
 V. HAUGHTINESS) Hor. 2. fastidium } 
 fastus, us (s omful pride) : v. disdain. 
 
 3. spiiltus, us (perh. the best word, 
 when an hfmourable and not overbearing 
 p. is meant): self-confidence and p., 
 fiducia ac s., Caes. B C. j, 72 : your p. 
 is fallen, cecidit s. ille tuus, Prop. 2, }, 
 1: Cic. II. That of vhich one is 
 proud: dgcus, oris, n. : Hor. Od. i, i6, 
 20 (decus equilum Maecenas) • Ov. See 
 also oknament. 
 
 pride oneself: 1. jacto, i (freq. 
 but not always referring to vliat a per- 
 son says of himself : toll, by ace. of that 
 which ; or with pron. refl. and prep.) .- 
 Domitius p.ing himself on his popu- 
 larity in the city, quum D. urbanam 
 gratiam jactaret, Caes. B. C. i, 8}: Hor. 
 V. to boast. 2. effgro, j, irr. (with 
 pron. reft. = to be elated, carry one's 
 head high): v. to elate. 3. sii- 
 perbio, 4 (to be proud of; foil, by abl. 
 alone : in Cic. only absol., to be haughty) : 
 to p. oneself in the name of an ancestor, 
 nomine avi s., Ov. M. n, 218 : Plin. See 
 also to boast. 
 
 priest: sacerdos, Otis, c. : Cic: Liv. 
 Other terms of more limited application 
 are flamen, inis, m. (a special p., of cer- 
 tain deities only), Cic. : Liv. : antistes, 
 itis, c. (a presiding p., chief p.), Nep. 
 Lys. J (a. Jovis) : Juv. : sacrificiilus (an 
 officiating p.), Liv. 2;, i, med. (where 
 the teitn appears to be used contemptu- 
 ously^. 
 
 pnest-craft : *sacrificulorum (sac- 
 erdotum) artes, fallaciae. 
 
 priestess : 1, sacerdos, Otis, c. : 
 Grecian p.s, Graecae p., Cic. Bal. 24, 55 : 
 Virg. 2. antistes, itis, c. : and an- 
 tistita, ae, /. (chief p.) : joined with 
 sacerdotps, Cic. Verr. 4, 45, 99 (s. antlsti- 
 tae) : also absol., Liv. i, 20 (antistites 
 templi) : Val. Max. 
 
 priesthood : I. The office .- sScer- 
 dotium : holding the office of the p., 
 sacerdotio praeditus, Cic. Sen. 17, fn. 
 II, The priests, collectively : sacer- 
 dotes; sacerdotum collegia. (Not sa- 
 cerdotiuni in this sense.) 
 
 priestlv : sSlcerdotali-, e (late) : the 
 p. games (given by priests), s. ludi, Plin. 
 Ep. 7, 24, 6 : Macr. The p. ofHc, sacer- 
 dotium : to dispute concerning p. offices, 
 de s. contendere, Caes. B. C. }, 82. 
 
 priest-ridden : *sacerdotum auctor- 
 itati deditissimus. 
 
 prig: *putida quadam severitatis 
 digiiitatisque ostentatioiie adolescens. 
 
 priggish : c£ preced. arL 
 518 
 
 prim : perh. morofior (over particu- 
 lar): cf Suet. Caes. 45. Cf. pbimness. 
 
 primacy : primal ia, ae: IJu C. 
 
 primal: perh. piimiggnius, princi- 
 palis: v original Or expr. by primus: 
 v. first. 
 
 primarily : inliio, princlpio : V. ori- 
 ginally. 
 
 primary: I. First in time : prin- 
 cipalis: the p. meaning (of a uord), 
 naturalis et p. significatio, yuint. 9, i, 
 4: Gell. See also primitive. ||, 
 chief: praecipuus : v. chief, prinuipai,. 
 Phr.: to deem a thing of p. importance, 
 antiquissimum aliquid haber*-, Cic. y. 
 Fr. 2, I. Ill, Fundamental: Phr.: 
 
 the p. impulses of our nature. *principia 
 ilia hominum naturae cupiditatumque, 
 cf. Cic. Off. J, 12, 52: p. colours, *primi 
 qui dicuntur colores. 
 
 primate : *primas, atis : Ehi C. 
 
 prime (subs.): |. Daun: mane, 
 maiutlnum tenipus: V. morning. ||, 
 The spring of life, time of fullest 
 strength : \. expr. by vigeo, ui, 2 
 (to be in full vigour) : our life is in its 
 p., V. aetas, Sail. Cat. 20 : cf. Cic. Alt. 4, 
 I, fin., animo vigere (to be infuU vigour 
 of mind). 2. by floreo, ui, 2 (to be 
 in the youthful bloom or lieyday of lifr) : 
 Virg. E. 7, 4 (ambo florentes aetatibus) : 
 so, florens aetas (youth), Cic. Sen. '>,fin. 
 Phr.: in the very p. of life, integerrima 
 aetate, Cic. Coel. 24, 59: p. of life, is 
 also expr. by bona aetas, id. Sen. 14, 
 48; and, with somewhat <liff. sense, 
 conSrmata aetas (maturity), id. Fam. 10, 
 J. Ill, The best of anything: flos, 
 robur : v. flower (1L). 
 
 prime (o^j) ■' egregius, optimus, etc. 
 
 prime-minister : *is cui summa 
 rerum a rege aimmissa est. 
 
 primer: perh. elementa prima: see 
 Hor. S. I, I, 26. To be learning the p., 
 initia litterarum discere. cl. t^uint. i, i, 
 19. Or perh. (more precisely) libellus 
 elementarius, cf. Sen. Ep. j6, 4 (elemen- 
 tarius senex, i. e. who is still learning 
 his letters or p.). See also grammar. 
 
 primeval : perh. primigenlus : V. 
 original. Phr.: the p. forest, *silva 
 omni hominum memoria veiustior : man 
 p., "homo ille primus omnium natus; 
 genus illud hominum primigeniorum. 
 
 primitive : 1. principalis, e : p. 
 signification (of a uord), principalis 
 significatio. Quint. 9, i, 4: Gell. Phr.: 
 the p. constitution of the state, prisca ilia 
 et antiqua reipublicae forma. Veil. 2, 
 89 : the p. costume of the country, *ves- 
 titus qualis tuit eorum hominum qui 
 initio regionem Incolebant. See also 
 ANCIENT. 2. primigenius : Varr. : v. 
 original (adj.). 3. primitivus (rare 
 in this sense) : p. words, primitiva verba. 
 Prise. 8, i4,in'<. (opp. derivaiiva); called, 
 verba primigenia, Varr. L. L. 65, 56. 
 
 primness : *nimis anxla (circa vest- 
 itum, gestum, etc.) morositas ; *affectata 
 quaedam diligentia ac cura: cf. nicety 
 (II.). 
 
 primogeniture: jus (jura) primi 
 geniti ; v. fikst-born. Less definitely, 
 aetatis privilegium, Just. 2, 10, init. 
 
 primordial : primus, pilmitivus ; 
 V. original, primitive. The p. germs 
 of nature, rerum primordia, Lucr. i, 56. 
 (Primordialis, v. late and rare.) 
 
 primrose: *primula vulgaris (Linn.). 
 
 prince : I. Sovereign ; esp. of a 
 
 small kingdom : 1. rex, regis : v. 
 
 king. Dimin. regiilus (petty p., chief) : 
 Liv. J7, 25, med. 2. princeps ; v. 
 sovereign. (The common title of em- 
 perors of Rome.) ||. King's scm : 
 regulus: Sail. Jug. 11 (unless the word 
 be there used in sense 1.): cf. Liv. 42, 
 24, exir. Usu. better, regis filius or in 
 pi. regii pueri, liberi (R. and A.) ; re- 
 gales, Amm. 16, 12, med. 
 
 princely : 1. rggalis, e (befitting 
 a king) : a p. sentiment, r. sententia, 
 Cic. Off. I, I J, init. : p. attire, r. culius, 
 Hor. Od. 4, 9, 15. 2. regius (usu. of 
 that nhicli actually belongs to a king : 
 in present sense poet.) -p.piles, r.moles, 
 Hor. Od. 2, 15, init.: Ov. (Principalis 
 = relating to the emperors.) 
 
 princess ; |. Ruler .- rggina : v. 
 QCEEN. II, King's daughter : regis 
 
 filia ; regia puella. 
 
 principal (odj-) •■ 1. praecipuus 
 (standing out fn/m the rest, especial: 
 most important) : 1 shall note (only) th* 
 p. figures, ex quibus (modis) praecipuos 
 attingemus, Quint. 8, j, extr. : the p. 
 remedies far calculus in man, pr. calculo 
 humano remedia, Plin. 11, 48, 109. 2. 
 maximus (of greatest moment) : what it 
 the p. thing, quoA m. est [p.irenthetical], 
 Cic. Fam. i j, 50 : the p. charges brought 
 against him uere, * maxima ei objecta 
 crimina sunt, quod. . . : so, sumraiis: r. 
 CHIEF. 3. principalis, e (of primary 
 importance : not in best authors) : after 
 these two p. points. po-.t haec duo p.. 
 Col. I, J, init. 4. p6ti^simui (in Cic. 
 — preferable to all others, Inv. i, I2, 17, 
 utrum potius, aut quid pocissimum sit) : 
 1/ this uere my p or only uork, si hoc 
 opusculum nostru:ii aut potissimum esset 
 aut .solum, Plin. Kp. 4, i^,fin. Phr.. 
 the p. thing, caput ; tlui p. dish, caput 
 coeiiae, Cic. Tusc. 5, ^4. 98 : the p ele- 
 ment of happiness, c.nA beate vivendum, 
 id. Am. I J, 45. 
 
 principal (subs.); \, Head person : 
 magister : v. master. See also heai> 
 (Vli.). II, Money at interest : \. 
 sors, rtis, /. : to run the risk of losing 
 the p., de sorte venire in dubium, Ter. Ad. 
 2, 2, J5 : topay the p. many limes over (in 
 interist), muIiipLicem s. exsolvere, Liv. 
 6, 14, med.: Cic. 2. caput, itis, n. : 
 to deduct the into est from the p., de c. 
 quod usuris peniumeratum esset dedu- 
 cere, Liv. 6, J 5, med.: Hor. Phr.: to 
 deduct from the p. (capital), de vivo 
 detrahere, Cic. Fl. 17. 91; resecare, id. 
 Verr. j, 50, 118 (the principal or capital 
 is said to be living because of its poner 
 of increase). (N.B.— No authority for 
 vivum caput.) 
 
 principality: perh. principatus, us 
 (sovereign power). 
 
 principally : I. in the highest 
 degree : maxime, praecipue, etc. : v. 
 
 PARTICULAKLY, ESPECIALLY. jj. In 
 
 the main, for the most part : Phr.: 
 they live p. on milk and cattle, maximam 
 partem lacte atque pecore vivunt, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, I : see also mostly. 
 
 principle: I. i-lem^ental germ or 
 force ; beginning : 1, principium : 
 
 the first p. of all things, pr. rerum, 
 Lucr. I, 814. Usu. pi.: the first ps of 
 law, pr. juris, Cic. Leg. i, 6, 18 : to lay 
 doiin carefully the first p.s, pr. bene 
 explorata ponere, ib. i, ij, }•]. 2. 616- 
 mentum: v. element. 3. ou'y io 
 /)Z., primordia, orum: Lucr. i, 56 (rerum 
 pr.). II. A rule laid cUrum, a funda- 
 mental maxim: \, institutum : the 
 precepts and p.s of philosophy, praecepta 
 institutaque philosophiae, Cic. Off. init. : 
 to imbue the mind n ith the soundest p.s, 
 optimis i. mentem imbuere. Quint, i, i, 
 16: the p.s of jurispi-udence, juris pub- 
 lici instituta, Cic. Br. 77, 264. 2. 
 collectively, institiitio, ratio, disciplina: 
 cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 1,1,6, haec institutio atque 
 haec disciplina (these p.s and rules of 
 conduct): id. Or. j2, 115, hac Chrysippi 
 disciplina insiitutus (trained in tliese 
 p.s) : the p.s of the Stoics, Stoicorum 
 ratio disciplinaque, id. Off. j, 4, 20. 3, 
 decretum (dogma) : Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27 : 
 Sen. III. VVith reference to practical 
 life, conscientiousness, integrity : Phr.: 
 a man of p., vir gravis et severu* 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 56, 228; vir sanctus et 
 religiosus (with ref. to oaths), Cic. R. 
 Com. 15, 44 ; vir justi officiique ob- 
 servans (v. upright, conscientious): 
 a man of no p., vir levis (with no 
 solidity of charo/cter), Cic. Clu. 28, init. 
 (leves ac nummarii judices) : see also 
 
 UNPRINCIPLED. 
 
 print (v.) : I. With type : 1. 'im- 
 primo pressi, ssum, j (which however is 
 condemned by Kr. and others) : of this 
 edition 275 copies u-ete p.d, hujus edi- 
 tionis CCLXXV volumina iinpressa fu- 
 erunt, Drakenb. pref. Sil. Ital. : Ruhnk. 
 (Kr.): so in legal term, imprimatur, 
 licence to print. 2. expr. by typi^
 
 PEINT 
 
 PRIVET 
 
 PRIZE 
 
 dbl. pi; with various verbs: e.g. typis 
 excudere, exscribere. describere, expri- 
 mere; which vprbs are also used ab>ol. : 
 Orell. pref. Veil (N.B.— These latter 
 phrr. should be usi-d whent- ver elegance 
 of expression Is an object.) Phr. / 
 shall be at liberty eWier to p. or not, 
 crit liberum nobis vel publicare vel con- 
 tinere, Hlin. Kp. I, 8, ? (the term to pub- 
 tis/i being often exact enough lor ordinary 
 purposes) : to publisk u l<Mtk spUiidi'llii 
 p.'d, llbrum niugnihcis typIs (IX'Sl add, 
 expressum"! in lucem edere, H<-nil. (Kr.) . 
 the treatise liasiwt tiet beenp.'i/.'libellus 
 noiidum prelum exercnit ; nonduin 
 typis expressuK e prelo exiit ||. To 
 stamp unth a patlrm : H h r. : tigurus, 
 fornias (liiiteo, etc.) iniprimere ; (lin- 
 teum. etc.) ImpressU formis pingere 
 (Kr.). 
 
 print (s^bs.) : \. Mark impressed: 
 n5ta impnssa : of. Hor. i Hi. i. i j, 1 2 : v. 
 HARK. See also TO STAMP. II. Type: 
 expr. by lypi, oruni : ti> appear in p. (of 
 a work), *typis expres»uni, txcusum 
 prodlre: v. to print. To rush into p., 
 •temere tnconsulteque publicare, edere 
 (libellum) |||. An engraving : pic- 
 
 tura (liguea, etc. forma e.xpressa) : v. 
 
 PICTXJRK, KNGKAVING. |V. ^ printed 
 
 fabric : •textile opus formis coloribusque 
 impressis distinctura. 
 
 printer : 1. typographus Morhol', 
 L -J jo : Orell. pref. Veil. 2. typutheia, 
 ae (type-setter, compositor) : Orell. 1. c. 
 Printers' Turkmen, operae typographi- 
 cae, Rubnk. (Kr.): Orell.: p.s' ink, atra- 
 nientura typographicum, ^r. 
 
 printing (««(«.) ; *typographia : 
 Morliol, i. '7 JO. Or by circuml., ars 
 typographica ; ars litterarum tj-pis ex- 
 primendarum. 
 
 office: *o£ficina typographica: 
 
 Morhof, i. 7 J 2. 
 
 press ; *prelum typographicum. 
 
 prior (adj) : Phr.: lie had a p. 
 claim on my services, *jam anie illi 
 officium meum (quodcunque) debebatur : 
 the proprietor has the p. claim, potior 
 est conditio ejus qui dominium tenet, cf. 
 Ulp Dig- 14. 5, J. See also preceding. 
 
 prior (subs.) .- *prior conventualis : 
 V. Du C. s. V. 
 
 prioress : *priorissa : Du C. 
 
 priority : expr. by ante, prior, etc. : 
 V. BEKORE, and to precede. 
 
 priory : *prioratus, lis : (the office) : 
 Du C. Fur the place, v. monasterv. 
 
 prise ("•) : Phr.: quasi vecti adhibita 
 refringere. 
 
 prism : prisma, atis, n.: Mart. Cap. 
 
 prismatic : *prismaticus (only as 
 t.t.). 
 
 prison : 1. career, eris, m. : CIc. 
 SuU. 25, "Jo: SalL: Li v. 2. robur, 
 6ris, n. (the inner keep of a p., esp. of 
 the public p. at Ronie) : l<'est. s. v. ro- 
 bum: Hor. Od. 2, ij, 19. Join: in 
 robore et tenebris, Liv. }8, 59, extr. 
 (Tills part of the caicer of Rome was 
 called I'ullianum, Sail. Cat. 5;.) 3. 
 when the rel. is not to the place but the 
 condition of con finem>:nt, vincOla, oruni; 
 custodia (mildir) : to put in p., in vin- 
 cula conjicere, Caes. B. G. }, 9 : to hurry 
 avay to p.. In v. iibripere, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 
 10, 24: V. IMPttlSOKMEKT. 
 
 prisoner : I, in legal sense : 
 reus, f. rea (accused peiton) : Cic. : 
 Quint. II, Captive in var: 1. 
 
 captivus (one remaining in the slate of 
 a p): Caes. B. U. i, 22: Cic. Also in 
 pi., captiva corpora: Liv. 51, 4^^ (urbs 
 regl, captiva corpora Uomanis cessere). 
 2. 'xpr. by capio, ? (when the ref. is 
 not to those in a capnvi> state, but to the 
 act of capturing) : }ooo infantry 11 ere 
 made ps in that battle, capta eo proelio 
 tria millia pedittiin, Liv. 22, 49, extr.: 
 you have the ringleade ■ s p.s, ducis cap os 
 ^et coiuprehensos] tenetis, Cic. Cut j, •), 
 xnit. 
 
 pristine: pns mus: v. i-ormer (3). 
 
 prithee: quaeso, cSdo (pi. cette): v. 
 
 FRAV, TELL. 
 
 privacy : 1. solll udo (hing alone) : 
 V. soLiTiDE. 2 secix'tum (not so in 
 Uic): profound p., altum abditumque 
 
 8., Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 22 ■ to delight in p., 
 secrete gaudere, Quint. 10, 7, 16 (the 
 oblique cases to be prelerred). See aUo 
 
 BETIREME.NT. 
 
 private (aii-j) .• |. I'eculiar to an in- 
 divdual : 1. privatiis no p. property 
 in land, nihil privaii [ac separaii] agri, 
 Cae^. B. G . 4, I : his oivn p. proper ty, 
 res quae ipsiui erant p., Cic. yumt. 4, 
 «5- 2. picullaris, e: Suet.: Dig.: v. 
 <jwN (5). '''lie p. property of a person 
 not sui juris. pficQlium : Liv. 2, 41, fn. 
 (p. fllii): Suet. Tib. 50 (uxoris) ; v. Lat. 
 Diet. s. V. II, ^'ot of a public charac- 
 ter : privatus : a p. life, vita p. [et 
 quietaj. Cic. Sen. 7, 22: in a p. capacity 
 (hobiing no legal authority), privatus, 
 id. Cat. I, I, t . without subs.. In privato 
 (in a p. place, opp. In publico), Liv. 59, 
 iR, med. In p., without public autho- 
 rity, privatim, Caes. B. G. i . 17; Sail. 
 Ill, Retired: 1. secretus: p. 
 
 studies, s. studia, Quint. 2, iS. 4: Sen. 
 Kp. 91, 5 : Petr. : To make for a p. spot 
 (Jin- an interview), secretum petere, Plin. 
 Kp. I, i, II. Hence adv. secreto, in pri- 
 vate: V. PRIVATELY. 2. SOlUS ; V. 
 
 SOLITARY. IV, Conn'cted ivith one's 
 own home: vsji. of education. 1. expr. 
 by dOnii : whether p. eduiation or school 
 be prefera)>l''., utillus domi an scholis 
 (pueri) erudiantur. Quint, i, 2, lem. : cf. 
 ib. { I, domi atque Intra privates parietes 
 studere. 2. dOmesticus: a p. tutor, 
 domestlcus praeceptor, ib. } 4 : p. and 
 in-doors exercise, d. exercitatio ei um- 
 bratilis, Cic. de Or. i, J4. 157 ; p. lessons, 
 *k-ctiones d. (Kr.). 3, umbratilis, ura- 
 braticus (to be used with caution"' ■ v. in- 
 doors. V. Confulential : Phr.: lie 
 7vas the king's p. secretary, (re.x) eum 
 babuit ad manum scribae loco, Nep. 
 Eum. 1 (cf paulo infr., omnium consili- 
 oruin particeps) : Kr. gives phr. scriba 
 cubicularius, Jnscr. : "scriba omnium 
 secretorum arbiter, cf. Curt, j, 12, mej. 
 VI. Milit. term, of the rank and 
 fi'£, not an officer: 1, gregarius 
 
 (miles), Cic. PI jo, 72 : Tac. 2. ma- 
 nipiilaris, e ; esp. as subs., by ellipsis of 
 miles : I have not folloued I'oinpty like 
 a single p. soldier, non Pompeium tan- 
 quam unus m. secutus sum, Cic. Att. 
 9, 10, init.: Tac. (freq.). 
 
 private (subs.); v. pritate, (adj. 
 VI.). Phr.: he was only a p., erat 
 privatus numero militis, Nep. Kpam. 7. 
 (Xagels.) 
 
 privateer : *navis privata praeda- 
 toria. 
 
 privateering (subs.): Phr.: p. is 
 forbidden, *nemini privato man bellum 
 gerere licet: they intioduceil the prac- 
 tice of p., *primi omnium privatis ho- 
 minil)us potestatem per litteras fecerunt 
 bellum mari gerendi. 
 
 privately : 1. secreto (apart from 
 all pe)sons not concerned) : to speak 
 p. with any one, s. cum aliquo loqul. 
 Hor. S. I, 9, 67: Caes. B. G. 1, 18: Cic. 
 (Less well, secrete, secretim ) 2. 
 
 clam (keeping a thing in the lUirk) : v. 
 SECRETLY. 1' h r. : he asks him p., (\uae- 
 rit e.\ solo (opp. in conventu),Caes. I.e.: 
 he told the young man p. to cmiie to him, 
 reniotis arbitris ad se adolesceuiem 
 venire jussit, Cic. Off. }, ?i. "Z. (Pri- 
 vatim = in a private or unofficial capa^ 
 city: V. i'Ri\ ATE, 11.). 
 
 privateness : v. privacy. 
 
 privation: \. J>eprivalion: 1. 
 privutio: Cic. Fin. i, li, J8 (])r. doloris, 
 ex-mption from pain) : Gell. 2, 
 
 adi-mptio (taking an ay of something 
 possessed): Tac: A net. pro I>om. (,0r 
 expr. by privo, careo, etc.: v. to he- 
 PRivE, BE wiTHOCT.) || Aeed ; in5pia : 
 Join: inopia et lames, Cic. Off. t, 12, 
 50: inopia atque ege^Ias, id. Am. 9. 29. 
 
 privative: in gram., prlvalivus: 
 Gell. 15, 21, extr. AUo. privaii>, ntis: 
 suggested by Cic. Top. 11, 48, as ~ Gr. 
 o Tep>)Ti)co?. (Or. expr. by verb: the. 
 prefix in has a p. Jorce, praepositio in 
 privat verbum ea vi qnani liaberct si in 
 praepositum non fuisset, Cic.) 
 
 r^rivet: Ugnslnim; Viri;. E. 2, 18. 
 (*Ligu»tnini vulgare, Liuii.) 
 
 privilege: i.e. peculiar advantage; 
 esp. one enjoyed by legal right : J, 
 jus. Juris, u. (gen. u-rm : a la ful claim 
 or right) : tlie pj nf (those luiving) three 
 children (exrmptioni giren on account 
 of family,) jura tiium liberorum. Suet 
 Gal. 14 more freq. sivg. (jut,), Plin. EIp 
 2, 1?, 8 : Dig. V. BIGHT, (subs.). 2, pn 
 vilegium (legal right : not k> In Cic, the 
 primary sense being a law aimed at an 
 individual): to enjoy a p. by imme- 
 m^'Tial usage, p. et vetustifisinium morem 
 halvere, I lin. Kp. lo, jj (?fj) : Sen. 3. 
 benff icium : e.-p. in certain phrr., the p. 
 of chiUtren (like jus, v. tupi.), b. libe- 
 rorum, SueL CI 15: tlv p. of (■■ earing) 
 rings, b. anuloriini, Tryph. Dig. 47, y, 
 42. 4. praerfiga iva (ir tlie way of 
 honour or dignity ; late in this sense : 
 strictly, the first vote irr right of voting 
 first): Ulp. Dig. I, 16, 4 } 5: Plin. 
 Phr.: poets have at ■ uys had the p. oj 
 ...,poeiis semper fuit aequa polestaa 
 (with gen. of ger.), Hor. A. P. 10 ; one 
 has the p. of..., coiicessum est, per- 
 missum est, cf. Quint. 6. j, 28 : it it a 
 great p. to attend the lectures of such a 
 man, 'magnum, maximuiii est talis viri 
 scholis ades.se: v. ad\ antaiie, 
 
 privileged (part, adj.): qui prae- 
 cipuo quodam jure est: cf. PBivu-BiiE. 
 
 privily : clam, occultc v. secbetlt. 
 
 privity : Phr.: v ithout the p. of, 
 clam, with ace. or abl.: v. knqwledcb 
 (3). 
 
 privy (adj.) -. j. Secret : privgtus, 
 secretus : v. PBr\'ATE. Ksp. in phr., p 
 member, pudenda, vfiretrum (= penis), 
 etc.: V. GENrrALs. ||. I'rivy to: Le. 
 acquainted nith: 1, con>cius (with 
 gen. or dat. of that which a jierson it p. 
 to) : p. to the plot, c. conjurationis, Sail. 
 Cat. J7 ; Cic. : Tac. : p. to a crime, £»- 
 cinori c, Cic. Clu. 20, 56: with prep.: 
 that Piso teas p. to these schemes, his d« 
 rebus c. esse Pisonem, id. Ait. 2, 24, ad 
 fin. : the person irith vham privity is 
 shared is put in dot., which being ex- 
 pressed, the thing concerning which can 
 only be in gen. or with pi ep. : cf. Sail. 
 Cat. 22, aliusah'i tanti facinorisconseius 
 and CIc Att. i, 18, mihi in privatle 
 omnibiLS conscius. 2. afflnis, e (t»«- 
 plicated in): v. partv (VI.). (Also, 
 baud or non ignarus. Sail. Cat. ii,fin.) 
 
 privy (subs.): 1, f(5rica: Juv. }, 
 j8. 2. latrina : Suet. Tib. 58. 
 
 chamber : consistorimn: Amm. 
 
 15,5- 
 
 COOncil : pcrh- *consilium regis 
 
 (principis) interius; qui regis (prin- 
 cipis) consiliorum secretinruni p.irti- 
 cipes sunt; conslliarli ng i. Under the 
 Empire, comites consisioriani : Just. 
 Cod. 12, 10 : also, simply, conslstorjani, 
 Amm. i;, 5 ; and, asfoiming a kind of 
 court, consistorium (cunsistorium sulus 
 ingressus, ib.). 
 
 councillor : v. preced. art. 
 
 purse : fi>cu8 (under the em- 
 perors) . S el. Aug 101 : Tac. 
 
 seal: *(princi|'is) signiim se- 
 
 cundarium (privatum, quod apix-llutur). 
 Also melon. , the huldtr of the p -seal, 
 •(is) cui coinmissum est signnm, etc. 
 
 prize (subs.): I. R'- ard if ho- 
 nour : 1. praemlnni : to be incited to 
 study by splen id p.s, anipii> p. ad per- 
 discendum commoveri. Cie. de Or i, 4, 
 init. : p.s in puliic games, (eertaminum) 
 pr.. Suet. Cal. 20 : to cariy ojT a p., pr. 
 anferre, id. Gram. 17 : to ofler a p.. pr. 
 proponere, lb.: the first it seond p„ 
 pr. primarium, seciindariuni, Elcbst. 
 (Kr.): p. for diligence and progress in 
 study, *pr. ob dlligentiani siuiliorumque 
 prolectus donatuui. 2. palma (^tri. tly, 
 palm oJ vicloi y : esp. poet.) : to lose the 
 p., p. aniittere, Virg. Aen. j, 519: 
 (irinner of) the third p., tertia p., ib. 
 3J9: v. PALil. Phr.: t" compete for a 
 p., descendere in cerLimen, Cic TuBc z, 
 26, init. : to try /'T the p. in variimt 
 sports, vario ludicrorum genere conten- 
 dere, JusL 7, 2, extr,: to a ard the p. to 
 a comedy, comoediam coronare, SueL CL 
 II : I.ucretia won the p. in the contest 
 (hg.), certaminis laus penes Lncretiam 
 S'?9
 
 PRIZE 
 
 PROCESS 
 
 P ROCREANT 
 
 fuit, Liv. 1, 57, fin. ||. Something 
 captured : praeda : v. booty. If a cap- 
 tured vessel, navis capliva: Caes. B. C. 
 2, 5 : Liv. See also gou-send. 
 prize ("•) ■■ magni aestimo, facio : v. 
 
 TO VALUE. 
 
 prize-essay : *perh. tractatns palm- 
 aris (cf. Cic. N. D. i . 8, 20, p. sententia) : 
 subject for a p., quaestio concertationi 
 insiitaendae proposita, Eichst. (Kr.) : or 
 perh., *qua(Stio (materia) in scribendi 
 (disserendique) certamen proposita: the 
 Jirst, second, third p., *tractatus is qui 
 primam, secundam, tertiain palmam abs- 
 tulit 
 
 fighter: piig'l. I'is: v. pugilist. 
 
 money : niantibiae (money ob- 
 tained from the salt: of boaty) : v. 
 PLnNDEB. Or better, pecunia manubialis, 
 Suet. Aug. JO. (Hor. uses, viatica, 
 orum: Ep 2. 2, 26.) 
 
 probability : 1. slmllltudo veri : 
 Cic. Part. 11,/ira. : or in reversed order, 
 veri sini., id. Ac. 2, }J, IC7 (also written 
 as one word : less well). 2. prdbabl- 
 litas (of that which commends itself to 
 the mind subjectively ; whereas siniili- 
 tudo veri denotes objective resemblance 
 to truth): whatever strikes our viind 
 with a sense of p., that we say, quod- 
 cunque nostros animos probabilitate per- 
 cussit, id dicimus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, ij: 
 see also PLAUSIBILITY. (Orexpr. by adj.: 
 there is a degree of p. about the story, 
 •quae narrantur quodam modo veri si- 
 mi lia videntur : v. PROBABLE.) 
 
 probable: 1. simllis veri, or in 
 reversed order; freq. written as single 
 word, verisimilis : to enquire after 
 what is most p., quid sit simillimum 
 veri quaerere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 4, 1 1 : to dis- 
 tinguish the p. from the incredible, veri 
 similia ab incredibilibus dijudicare, id. 
 Part. 40, IJ9. Also, siniilis vero (dat.), 
 id. Fam. 12, 5. init. (id tacilius crede- 
 batur quia simile vero videbatur). The 
 phr. veri simile est (it is p. that), is 
 foil, by ace. and iiif., Cic. R. Am. i"), 
 ic6; but non veri simile est, takes 
 rather ut and subj. : cf. Cic. R. Am. 41, 
 121 : id. Verr. 4, 6, 11 = it is not to be 
 supposed that ; cf. Zumpt, J 62}. 2. 
 probabilis, e (denoting the quality which 
 things "like truth," veri similia, have of 
 commending themselves to us : v. plau- 
 sible) : a p. inference, p. conjectura [et 
 ratio], id. Div. 2,6, 16 : cl. Id. Inv. i, 29, 
 46, where a full definition of the word is 
 given. (N.B.-J< is p. that... is expr. 
 by veri simile est, not probabile est.) 
 Phr.: if however the other is vurre p.. 
 Bin autem ilia veriora, Cic. Am. 4, 14: 
 this is more p., hoc vero propins est, Liv. 
 4. i1, init. : so, proxiniuin vero est. it is 
 most p., id. 2, 14 : to be the more p. (of 
 two opinions), propius accedere ad veri- 
 tatem. Cic. de Or, i, 62, init. 
 
 probably : I. with probdbility 
 hut not certainty : probabiliter : Liv. jj, 
 28 (p. argumentari) ; Cic. (Or expr. by 
 Circuml. : cum quadam veri similitudine; 
 cum magna probabilitate: v. probabi- 
 uty.) II. Very likely • expr. by veri 
 simile est, nescio (liaud scio) an, videtur : 
 the lity will p. be taken, *veri simile est 
 "drbeni captum iri (v.pkobablk) : if yiM 
 adopt the other (course), p. more serious 
 trouble will be caused me, sin illam 
 alteram (eritis secuti), nescio an amplius 
 negotii contrahatur, Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 9 : there 
 isnotroubte which may not p.happen. . ., 
 nulla est acerbitas quae non impendere 
 Videatur, id. Fam. 2, 16, med. 
 
 probation.: probatio (any trial or 
 examination): Cic: Plin. I'hr. : he 
 passed his period of p. in camp to the 
 satisfaction of the general, prima cos- 
 troruni ruMimenta diici approbavit, Tac. 
 Agr. 5 : to put off one's probation till old 
 age, tirocinium in seneclutem differre, 
 Quint. 12, 6, i : this life is a period of 
 p., *haec nostra vita quasi ad probandos 
 bominum mores animosque instituta 
 videtur ; tanquam tirocinium quoddam 
 esse videtur. 
 
 probationary ; expr. by tirocinium, 
 rudiniciita, etc.: v. preced. art. 
 
 probationer: pirb. tiro: v. novice. 
 
 ■iSo 
 
 probe (subs.) : spSclllum : Cels. 7, 8 : 
 Cic. 
 
 probe ("■) ■ tento, I : more precisely, 
 specillo teiitare, Cels. 7, 8. Phr.: to p. 
 a wound, (tig.), vulneribus manus afferre, 
 Cic. Att. }, 15, 2. 
 
 probity ; probitas, integntas : v. in- 
 tegrity. 
 
 problem: |, Scieri<?;yic : problema, 
 atis, n. ; abl. pi. problematis (Gr. np6- 
 ^Arjfia : only as 1. 1.) : Suet. Gr. 4 : Sen. : 
 Gell. II, In coUoq. sense: quaestio: 
 v.QUESTioN. T%e p.is. . ., quaeritur. . . : 
 Cic. de Or. }, 30, 118, etc. 
 
 problematical : v. doubtful. 
 
 proboscis : proboscis, cldis, /., (ele- 
 phant's) : Plin. 8. 7, 7 : Flor. (Called by 
 Cic. manus; N. It. 2, 47, «itr. ; Curt.) 
 
 procedure : ratio : v. plan, policy. 
 
 proceed: I. To direct on^s course: 
 1. pergo, perrexi, ctuni, } (to go 
 straight) : they p. to the camp, peigunt 
 ad aistra. Cues. B. G. J, 18, extr. (in pur- 
 suance of a purpose before expr. by, ire 
 ad castra, ad castra contendere) : Sail. 
 Cat. 44, med. 2. prof iciscor, } : v. to 
 SET OUT. 3. contendo, i (ivith expe- 
 dition) : v. TO HASTEN. ||, To movc 
 on : 1. procedo, ssi, ssum, } : Ter. 
 Andr. i, i, 101 (<le funere) : Liv. 21, };, 
 fin. 2, incedo, 3 (esp. to meet the 
 foe): Liv. 28, 14, /n. : cf. id. 21, j;, 
 med. (quum segniter agmen incederet). 
 3. progredior, gressus, j : v. to ad- 
 vance (B). Ill, To go on to a fresh 
 topic : 1, pergo, j : proceed to explain 
 to me, perge mihi explicare, Cic. Part. 8, 
 28 : foil, by ad, id. Br. 43, init. (pergamus 
 ad reliqua) : Liv. Also rarely, to begin 
 and go cm : Virg. E. 6, i}. 2. pro- 
 gredior, J : Cic. de Or. }, }o, 119 (ad 
 reliqua p.). 3. tran sec, 4, trr. (to pass 
 on): Cic. inv. 1, 21, extr. : Liv. (N.B. — 
 Oft«n not needing to be separately ex- 
 pressed : cf. Cic. Man. 8, init., qiioniam 
 de genera belli dixi nunc de m^igiiitudine 
 pauca dicam, / uyill now p. briefly to 
 spuak, etc. : or, deinceps may be used : 
 cf. Cic. Off. I, 14, 42, de justitia satis 
 
 dictum est : deinceps de dicatur, let 
 
 us now p. to speak, etc.). |V, To arise 
 from : 1. prof iciscor, j (locally, or in 
 fig. sense) : v. to originate (II. 3). 2. 
 Orior, ortus, j and 4 : v. to arise. 3. 
 emano, i (as it rtere to issue from a 
 source) : Cic. Att. 7, 21, init. (istinc 
 emanant mala nostra, p. from thence): 
 cf. id. Inv. 2, 2, 7. In same sense, simple 
 verb, mano; id. Par. j, i, extr.: etc. 
 V, To take legal steps against any 
 one: Phr.: litem (actionem) intendere 
 alicui,etc. : v. action (V.) : cf. Liv. }, 44, 
 med.. Jure grassari non vi (but grassor 
 usu. implies wrongful violence). 
 
 proceeding: I. in gen. sense, 
 
 usu. pi. ; course of action : ratio : Ter. 
 Ad. J, }, 21 : Caes. : Cic. ||, Techni- 
 cally, proceedings in law : actio : v. ac- 
 tion (V.). III. Transactions of a de- 
 liberative or other body : acta, orum : 
 Cic. Cat. J, I, } : the p.s of the senate 
 (journal of the same), senatus a., Suet. 
 Aug. ;. 
 
 proceeds: I. Cfasale: expr. by 
 redigo, egi, actum, } : he sold the booty, 
 and paid the p. into the treasury, (prae- 
 dani) vendidit, ac redegit in publicum. 
 Liv. 2, 42, init.: cf. Cic. Div. Verr. 17, 
 56, bona vendidit, pecuniam redigit (i.e. 
 pockets the p.). ||. In wider sense: 
 any money returns : reditus, fructus : 
 v. profit, produce, revenue. 
 
 ^roceleusmatic : proceleusmaticus: 
 Dinin. 
 
 process : I. Going on : esp. in 
 plir., in p. of time: procedente tempore, 
 Plin. Kp. 6, }i, extr.: cf.Cic. Tusc. j, 22, 
 5 J (dies procedens). Or simpij' tempore 
 (poet.) : Ov. Tr. 4. 6, i and 3. (In 
 pruse, perh. better expr. by clause : ubi 
 aliquantum temporis processit, etc.) 
 II, Means of doing something : 
 ratio : v. plan. Or expr. by verb : this 
 p. is tedious but easy, *ita res tarde 
 quidera sed minimo cum labore efScitur. 
 III. Inlaw: v. action (V.) |V. 
 In anatomy: processus, us: Cels. 8, i, 
 med. 
 
 procession : pompa : Cic Tusc. 5, 
 32, 91 : funeral p., funeris p., Ov. K 6, 
 663. Phr.: the funeral p. moves on, 
 tunus procedit, Ter. Andr. i, i, 101 : less 
 precisely, funus ducitur (the funeral 
 takes place, being of the nature of a, 
 p.), Cic. Quint. 15, _/im. ; triumphal p., 
 triumphus : v. tkiumph. ^. of the 
 equinoxes, "processus equinoctiorum. 
 
 proclaim: I. To publish abroad: 
 
 1. praedico, l (to uUer publicly): 
 opp. taceo, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 54 : esp. when 
 eulogy is implied, to p. one's good deeds, 
 benefacta sua p., Plin. Ep. i, 8, 15: Cic. 
 
 2. profero, 3, irr. (to publish ; not to 
 keep secret) : Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 41 (palani 
 p.). 3. effgro, J, irr. (like profero) : 
 Cic. : Caes. : v. to publish. |j. Tn 
 notify in an authoritative manner : 1. 
 pronunllo, 1 (to make publicly known): 
 to p. the nam/is of the victors, p. iiomin.: 
 viclorum, Cic. Fam. ;, 12, 4 : cf. Liv. 24, 
 27, praetores pr. (to notij y the appoint- 
 ment ; which was done by the magistrate 
 presiding) • Suet. 2. rSnuntio. j (to 
 notify publicly the return of successful 
 candidates) : on the day when I (as 
 consul) p.'d L. Muraena Consul, illo die 
 quo L. Muraenaai Cos. renuntiavi, Cic. 
 Mur. init. : Liv. 5, 18, init. (Pro- 
 nuntiare notes the publicity of the act ; 
 re-nuntiare simply, <Ae /orma' return.) 
 
 3. declaro, i (like precedd., but less 
 precise in application): cf. Cic. Mur. i, 
 2, where declaratus =: reiiuntiatus, cf. 
 ib. 5 I : and Liv. 9, 40, extr., where 
 declarare aliquem consulem denotes the 
 action of the people appointing. 4. 
 edico, xi, ctum, 3 (to order by authori- 
 tative proclamation) : to p. a general 
 cessation from, business, justitium e., 
 Cic. Ph. 6, 1, 2 : to p. a day for the elec- 
 tions, diem comitiis e., Liv. 26, 18: cf. 
 pboclamation (11.). Phr.: top. war 
 against any one, alicui helium indi- 
 
 6, 14. See also to 
 
 1. praedlcator: Cic. 
 praeco: v. herald, 
 
 I, The act: \, 
 
 cere, Cic. Cat. 2, 
 
 PUBLISH. 
 
 proclaimer : 
 
 Bal. 2, init. 2. 
 
 CRIER. 
 
 proclamation; 
 
 praedicatio : Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 48 (=form,al 
 announcement.) 2. pronuntiatio: id. 
 Clu. 20. 56 (^^public declaration of ju- 
 dicial sentence). 3. rgnuntiatio (cor- 
 responding to renuntio : v. to proclaim, 
 II. 2) : Cic. Mur. 8, 18. Or expr. by verb : 
 V. to proclaim (II.). II. That which 
 is proclaimed : expr. by edico, j (to issue 
 a p. with authority) : he dared to issue 
 a p. that . . ., ausus est e., ut . . . , Cic. in 
 Pis. 8, 18: cf. to proclaim (II. 4). Subs. 
 edictum (of Jioman magistrates) : v. 
 edict. Also by pronuntio, indico, etc. : 
 they issue a p. that no one should..., 
 pronuntiant. ne quis..., Caes. B. G. 5, 
 34 (the verb denoting the action of the 
 crier, not of the commanding officer). 
 
 proclivity : v. propensfty. 
 
 proconsul: proconsul, ulis (rare): 
 Cic. l)iv. 2, 36, 76: Sall.fr. Usu. better, 
 pro consule, and always so when the 
 subs, in Eng. is an attributive: when J 
 was setting out for Cilicia as p., quun? 
 pro consule in Ciliciam proficiscerer, Cic 
 de Or. 1, 18, 82 (where proconsul would 
 have been inelegant). (Hut proconsul 
 must be used for tlie subject of a sen 
 tence, or when the term is generic : e. g. 
 proconsul edixit; bella a proconsulibua 
 administrantur.) 
 
 proconsular : proconsuiaris, e (not 
 in Cic): lac. A. 13, 21 (pr.jus): Gell. 
 Usu. better expr. by pro consule (=: tcrith 
 p. authority) : v. proconsul. 
 
 proconsulship : proionsiilatus, u.- 
 (late) : Tac. A. 16, 23: I'lin. 
 
 procrastinate: expr. by differo 
 profero, etc. : v. to put off. 
 
 procrastination : tarditas et pro 
 
 crastinatio (rare): Cic. Ph. 6, 3,7. Af 
 single term, perh. tarditas is best : cf. id 
 Fam. I, 5, 6: also, id. Ph. 5,9, 25, moran 
 et tarditatera afferre. Phr.- have don 
 ivith p., rumpe moras ! Virg. G. 3, 43 
 in prose pet h. better, *moras tolle, aufet 
 See also delay (subs.). 
 procreant : genialis, e : Cic. : Virg
 
 PROCREATE 
 
 PROFANATION 
 
 PROFICIENCY 
 
 procreate : procreo, l : Clc. .- Nep. : 
 
 ▼. TO BEGKT. 
 
 procreation : procreatio : Clc Tusc. 
 1, 14, ii. Or expr. by ger. part. ; for 
 the p. of childrrii, liberoriini procrean- 
 dorum causa, ob llberos procreaiidos : v. 
 TO BEGKT. Phr. : to engage in the p. 
 of children, liberis operam dare, Clc. Off. 
 
 1, j;, 128. 
 
 Procrustean : Phr. -. a P. bed, 
 •quasi lectus quidem I'rocrustae, ut in 
 fabulis fst. 
 
 proctor : procurator : Stat. Cantab, 
 p. 62. 
 
 procumbent : pronus : v. prone. 
 
 procuration : prociiratio: Cic : 
 Varr. 
 
 procurator : (strictly, deputy-man' 
 ager, agent): frcq. used of the subordi- 
 nate governors under procnvsuU, csp. 0/ 
 Judaea : Tac. A. 1 5, 44 : Suet. 
 
 procure : comparo. I : V. TO PREPARE, 
 PROVIDE. l( by transport on board ship, 
 comporto, I (of a number of things): 
 Caes. B. G. 4, }i- See also to obtain. 
 
 procurement: comparatio: Cic 
 
 procurer : leno. onis. m. ; Ter. Ad. 
 
 2, 1 , 7 : Cic. 'Jo be a p. (or procuress), 
 lenoclnium facere, Ulp. Dig. j, 2, 4 ^ 2 : 
 openly so, 1. cxercere. Suet. 'lib. j; 
 (Perductor, In this sense Is doubtful : cf. 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 12, }j. wheie lenones and 
 perductores are mentioned together.) 
 
 procuress ; 'ena : Ov. Am. i, 15, 17 : 
 Mart. : cf. preced. art. 
 prodigal (adj.) .- prodlgus, prOfiisus, 
 
 etc.: V. LAVISH. 
 
 prodigal (subs.) .- nepos, otis .- v. 
 
 PROFLIGATE. 
 
 prodigality : 1. effusio : Cic 
 Part. 2J, 81 (where it stands as the vi- 
 cious counterpart of libcralitas) : Liv. 
 The pi. occurs, as more comprehensive : 
 Cic. Off. 2, 16, 56 (pecuniarum effu- 
 eiones): cf. L. G. 5 59J. 2. prdfiisio: 
 Suet. Ner. }o: Plin. min. 
 
 prodigally : _ 1. effiise : v. la- 
 vishly. 2. prodige (only in bad 
 sense) : Cic. Ph. 11, 6, ij. 
 
 prodigious : immanls, e: of p. sta- 
 ture, immani corporum magnitudine, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, i: Lucr. (Prodigiosus= 
 unnatural : Quint, i, i, 2.) See also 
 
 MONSTROUS, PORTENTOUS. 
 
 prodigiously: Phr.: lamp. glad, 
 immorlaliter gaudeo, Cic. Q. Fr. j, i, j. 
 
 prodigy : I. in strict sense, some- 
 thing out of the course of nature serving 
 as a sign or omen : 1. prodigium : 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 49, init. : many p.s took 
 place that winter, mtilta ea hieme p. 
 facta, IJv. 2f, 62, init. : Virg. 2. 
 portentnm (less freq. than preced., and 
 oftener in sense of monster) : p.s in men 
 and brutes, hominum pecudumque p., 
 Cic. N. I). 2, 5, 14 : Sail, (portenta atque 
 prodigia, C(t. jo). 3. ostemum (gen. 
 term ; any supernatural intimation : 
 infreq.): Suet. Caes. j2 : cf. Cic. N I). 
 2, }, init. 4. monstrum (poet, in this 
 sense): Virg. Aen. 2, 171. 5. mira- 
 ciiluni (a ntarveJ) ; cf. Liv. 2, 7, init. 
 II. Fig.: u person or thing vonder- 
 fvl in any uay : expr. by miracuium : 
 to be looked upon as a p., miraculo esse, 
 Plin. 7, t, I : a boar that vas a p. of 
 size, aper, magnitudinis miracuium (?), 
 cf. Liv. 15, 9, ad fin. The use of prodi- 
 gium in this sense is late and rare : cf. 
 Flor. 1, 10, ilia Romana prodigia atque 
 miracula (those p.s of heroism., i. e. Hura- 
 tiui, Mutius, etc.). Phr.: he died after 
 performiny p.s of vaUiur. •fiirtlssime 
 pugnans inortuus est ; *quum ingentem 
 hosllum caedem edidisset occisus est: 
 a p. of grnius,*insen\o praediius supra 
 quam nalura houiinum pati vldeatur. 
 
 produced)' I. To bring forth 
 
 or Joraard: 1. pioffro, tdli, latum, 
 }, irr. : to p. vilnesses, testes p., Cic. 
 Bal. 18, 41 : he p.s a real porker from 
 the folds of his dress, profert ipsum por- 
 celluin e sinu, i'haedr. 5, ;, j6. So 
 (sometimes) affSro, j, irr.: to p. (ad- 
 duce) reasons, causas, rationes a., Cic. 
 Att II, 15, etc. 2. exhibeo, 2: esp. 
 to shoir (things or persons) in court : p. 
 that depository of your laus ! cxhlbe 
 
 librarium lllud legum vestrarum ! Cic. 
 Mil. 12. u : to p. a debtor in court, de- 
 biiorem in judicium ex., Paul. Dig. 12, 
 2, 28, etc. : .Suet. 3. prOduco, xi, 
 
 ctuni, f (to bring forward) : Clc. Mil. 
 22, 59 (servos in quaestlonem p.): Ulp. 
 ''■6' 4, sisto, stiti, stiilum, } (legal 
 term : to cause any one to appear in 
 court) : to guarantee that a penon shall 
 be p.d, sistendum aliquem promittere, 
 Liv. J, 45, m«(i. Phr.: to p. tiitnesses, 
 testes dare (in allquam rem), Cic. Quitit. 
 2}. 75 : in non-legal sense, id. lU-p. i, J7 
 (dabo libi testes nee nimis antiquos, 
 etc.) : also testes citare (v. to summon) : 
 to p. a play, labulam dare, id. Br. 18, 
 _/i«. : see also TO CITE, QUOTE. ||. To 
 cause: ficio, eff icio : v. to make, cause. 
 Phr.: top. an impression on, movere : 
 Liv. }, 20, init. (moverat plebem con- 
 sulis oratio) : to p. a laugh, risum mo- 
 vere, Cic. de Or. 2, 62, init. : that pj> ni> 
 efftct, irritus (v. vain, iNEFFE<rrcAi.) ; 
 see also, TO excite. |||, To yield 
 
 produce or offspring ; 1. IP.ro, j, irr. . 
 to p. fruit, fruges I., Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67 : 
 this age p.d an almost perj'C orator, 
 haec aetas oratorem prope perfecium 
 tulit, id. Br. 12,45: Hor. 2. effero, 
 J, irr.: Cic. Kep. 2, 4, extr. (id quod 
 effenmt agri) ; Lucr. : Virg. Also, 
 affero, j, irr. (rare): Cic. Off. I, 15, 48 
 (agri fertiles, qui multo plu> afferunt 
 quam acceperunt: al. efferunt): Plin. 
 min. 3. gigno, pario, J : v. to bring 
 FORTH. IV. In geometry, to carry 
 foTuard : produce, j : v. TO PROLONG. 
 
 produce (subs.) : 1. fruclus, us : 
 
 (money accumulated) from the p. of 
 mines, ex f. metallorum, Liv. 45, 40, 
 med. : tlie p. of poullry. eggs, and 
 chickens, f. gallinarum, ova et p\illi,Varr. 
 R. R. }, J, vied. : also pi., to gather in 
 the p. (of the soil), fructus percipere, 
 Cic. Sen. 7, 24: see also profit. 2. 
 rfiditus, lis (in money) ; v. profit, re- 
 venue. 3. expr. by verb: to live on 
 the p. of a farm, *lis quae fert (effert) 
 ager vivere. 
 
 product: j. Something produced : 
 Opus : the most prreciousp. of the human 
 mind, pretiosissimum humani ingenii o., 
 Plin. 7, 29. JO: amongtt all the p.s of 
 human skill, *ex omnibus quaecunque 
 hominum soUertia excogitavit atque 
 effecit. II In arithmetic : sunima 
 quae ex multipUcatione effecta est, CoL 
 5, 7, init. (Kr.). 
 
 production : \. The act of pro- 
 ducing : expr. by verb : v. to produce, 
 bring forth. II. That uhich is 
 
 produced : v. product. 
 
 productive: |. yielding freely : 
 f6rax, iicis (having naturally capacity to 
 yitld fruit, uhether actually doing ,«o 
 or nof) : to possess the most p. soil, fera- 
 cissimos ngros possidere. Caes. B. G. 2, 
 4 : Col. : Hor. Foil, by gen. : a soil p. 
 in trees, f. arborum terra, Plin. Kp. 2, 17, 
 15 : also with abl., ib. 4, 15, 8 (saeculum 
 bonis artibus f.) : v. fertile. /'. of or 
 in, may sometimes be expr. by verb . this 
 age n as u onderfully p. in orators, haec 
 aetas effudit copium [sc. oratorunij, Clc. 
 Br. 9, }6 (R. and A ): so. I'lin. Ep. i, ij, 
 1, magnum proventum poetanim hie 
 annus attulit, Plin. Ep. i, 1 j. tjn7. : v. 
 to produce (111.). II. Causing: 1. 
 efiiciens, ntis (with yen.) : virtue p. of 
 enjoyment, e. voluptatis virtus, Cic. Off. 
 J, }}, 116. So effeclrix: id. Kin. 2, 17, 
 55- 2, expr. by sum, with double 
 
 dat. (L. G. 5 267) : to be p. of advantage 
 to any one, alicui bono esse, Cic. R. Am. 
 ;, U: so with fio to prove p. of dis- 
 grace to any one, alicui dedecori fieri, id. 
 Off. I, J9. 1:9. 
 
 productiveness : 1. f?racTtas 
 
 (rare) : Col. J, 2. fin. : v. fertility. 
 2. iibertas : p. of soil, u. agrorum, 
 Cic. N. I). 2, 51, 128: with gen. of that 
 uhich is prwluced, ib. i, ;h, 86 (u. fru- 
 gum et fr\ictuum). 
 
 proem : prooemlum : Cic. : (juint. : 
 V. preface. 
 
 profanation ; 1. visiatio : Liv. 
 29. 8, txtr. (v. tenipll): Sen. 2. pia- 
 cillum (an act requiring expiatii/n) : to 
 
 be guilty of p.,p. commiliere, Liv. 5, 51, 
 ad fin. : ef. ib. paidu ante, hinc sine 
 piacnlo [sacra] In liosiium urbmi trans- 
 ferimus.' 3. nefas, indeci. (anything 
 cimtrary to divine lau) : in prose, usu. 
 with est, or in phr. uefas habere : they 
 deem it a p. to ... , 11. babent(witfa itif.), 
 Cic. N. D. }, 22, 56: to atone fur the 
 unhappy p., irlste n. piare, Virg. A>n 
 2, i8^. 4. expr. by verb; on uc<</urit 
 of the p. if the tempU, 'ob viulaium 
 uumen : to pay the penalty of p. of a. 
 temple; *tenipli polluti i. lemerati poe- 
 nas dare ; v. tu profane. 
 
 profane (adj.): \, A'o< sacred: 
 prolanus: opp. consecratus, Cic. i'art. 
 10, extr.: Liv. 5, 52, 7>n-<i. (in protaiiu 
 on unconsecrated gruund). ||, Fig.: 
 impious, offending agaimt sacred things : 
 
 I. prdfanus (only poet.) : Ov. Tr. 
 i. 5. 48 : Stau 2. impius (the best 
 
 I w ord for prose) : v. impious. 
 I profane (>••); 1. vwio, i: to p. 
 consecrixttd ground, loca religtosa v., 
 Cic. Fuib. prrd. 2,7: Ov. 2. I^jIIuo, 
 J v. to pollute. 3. tcmcro, i 
 
 (chiefly poet.): Virg. Aen. 6. 841 (lem- 
 pla t.): Ov. Join: temerare ac vio- 
 lare, Liv. 26, ij, med. (in a rhetorical 
 passage). 4. prOlano, 1 (in this sense, 
 poet. : strictly, to unconsecrale, reli- 
 gionem tollere): Ov. Am. ), 9, 19. 
 
 profanely : impie, contra religio- 
 nem : V. IMPIOUSLY. (Profane, l.acl.) 
 
 profanity: implStas, nelas: v. im- 
 piety, PROFANATION. (By HO meaiu. 
 profanitas: TerL) 
 
 profess: prOlileor, fessus, 2: they p. 
 to teach, prohttnlur se doeere, Cic. N. I). 
 I, 5, lo : to p. to be a grammarian, gram- 
 raaticum se p., id. fuse 2,4, I2. Also 
 with ace. of the art or science p.'d, id. in 
 Pis. 29, 71. 
 
 professed (part, adj.) : expr. by 
 protiteor: v. to proff:ss. 
 
 professedly : ex professo : Sen. Ep. 
 14, 8 : ilacr. 
 
 profession : I. Open avowal : 
 prolejsio ; Veil. 2, 87 (where the notion 
 of a difference between p.s and deed* 
 may be traced): Plane in Clc: Tac 
 Or expr. by profiteor: v. to profess. 
 
 II. A learned occupatum : 1. 
 professio : the p. of philology, p. gram- 
 maticae. Suet. Gr. 8: cf Cels. pref. ad 
 init., salutaris ista p. (I. e. medicina). 
 (Not exactly so in Cic: cf. de Or. i, 6, 
 21, vis oratoris projessioque ipsa bene 
 dicendi=ac< of profession on the part of 
 the orator.) 2. disciplina (a* a brunL'i 
 of knovUdge) : Cels. pief. init. (Hip 
 pocrates . . . ab studio sapieutiae banc 
 disciplinani sep;iravit). Also urs. arli- 
 ficium (liberale). often serve: Clc. Off. 1. 
 42: see also art. Phr.: to fulbm- the 
 p. of a lawyer, Jurisionsultum se pro- 
 fiteri (to profess oneself a lawyer), v. 
 TO profess. 
 
 professional : expr. by professio, 
 artilicium : p. incomes are smaller than 
 those of cowimerctut /utn,*minores sunt 
 artificiorum lilx'ralium [professionum, 
 quae dicunturj reditu* ()iiam qui ex mer- 
 catura capiuntur : to promise one's p. 
 services (us a phader), •uflicium pro- 
 mittere. 
 
 professor : (literarj) professor : Suet. 
 Gr. 9: Plin. min. : Aus. Phr.: to t>e a 
 p., profiteri (the name of the art or sci- 
 ence professed being understood): Suet. 
 Gr. 9: I'lin. Ep. 4. 11. init. A p. o? 
 ( hristianity, 'qui nomen Christianum 
 sibi ariogat. 
 
 professorship : (') professio : cf. 
 Suet. Gr. 8. Phr. Ac i' as appointed to 
 the p. of history, •delectus est qui his- 
 toriam publlce prohtireiur; qui scbolas 
 historicas publice hat>eret: or simply, 
 *historiae professor nominalus est. 
 
 proffer: pulliceor, prOmltto: V. To 
 
 OFFER. IROMISE. 
 
 proficiency : expr. by progressus 
 us: he had such p. in the Stoic philo- 
 sophy, that ..., tantos p. habebal in 
 Stoicis, Cic N. D. 1, 6,/n. So processus, 
 lis : Auct. In Suet, tir. 10 (in Graecis 
 Utteris m.igniim processum habere) ; 
 and, profectus, us: Sen. Ep. 11, inif. 
 581
 
 PROFICIENT 
 
 PROGRESS 
 
 PROI-IX 
 
 P h r. : to attain p. in philosophy, in phi- 
 losopbia proficere aliquid, Cic. Off. j, 8, 
 fin. : as to your p..q\Xii\it\im proticias, id. 
 
 proficient (cuij-) • e-xpr. by progres- 
 8US (magaos) habere; proficere: v. pre- 
 ced. art. See also skilful. 
 
 proficient {subs.) .- v. preced. artu 
 
 profile : obllqua imago {profile por- 
 trait): Fliii. 55, 10. 56 } yo (regis ima- 
 ginem obliquam piuxit, iecii) ; such 
 portraits were techuically called, cata- 
 gripha, orum . ib. j;, 8, 54 } 57. It the 
 actual features (not the portrait) be 
 meant, *lacies obliqua. 
 
 profit (^"''^•) •■ I. In general sense : 
 emolumentum bSnum, etc.: v. advan- 
 tage, G<X)D (subs.). II. Monetary; 
 in this sense, oft. pi. : 1. lucrum, 
 emClumentum, etc : v. gain. 2. 
 rgditus, lis {incomings ; as, rents, in- 
 terest) : p.s of mines, r. {pi.) metallorum, 
 Liv. 42, 52 : the p.s (of a farm) falling 
 off, decrescente r., Plin. Ep. 6, i ■ Suet. 
 3, f ructus, is (yield, proceais) : 
 Cic: Liv. 
 
 profit ("•)■" I. To be of service: 
 1. prosum, irr. (with dat., or 
 absoL) : what does it p. me ? quid 
 mihi p.? Ov. M. ij, 95; (with infin.): 
 Hor. A. P. Hi (absol. = to instruct, 
 edify) : Sen. 2. profTcio, } (to kelp, 
 be serviceable: oft. with ad and ace. de- 
 noting end to wh ich) : your explanation 
 wiU greatly p. to the end v:e are in 
 search of, explicatio tua multum ad ea 
 quae quaerimus profecerit, Cic. Fin. j, 
 4, 14. Join: proficere et valere, id. 
 Br. i"), init. 3. valeo, 2 (to avail, be 
 effectual) : pass. ||. To get good 
 
 from : proticio, } : v. progbess (to 
 make). |||. To take advantage of, 
 make good use of: I'hr. : to p. by an 
 opportunity, occasioni non deesse, Caes. 
 B. G. }, 79. init. : also, occasionem 
 arripere, (a vide) amplecti, etc. (v. op- 
 poRTUNm) : we have greatly p.'d by 
 this tour, *multum fructus (uiilitatis) 
 ex hoc itinere cepimus ; magnopere pro- 
 fuit nobis hoc iter, etc. ; v. supr. 
 
 profitable : 1. fructuosus (in 
 
 widest sense) : nothing good except what 
 is p., nihil bonum ni»i quod f. est, Cic. 
 Am. 21, 79. Join: frugifera et fruc- 
 tuosa [philosophia], id. Off. j, 2, 5. See 
 also PBODDCTiVK. 2. quaesluosus : 
 v. LUCBATrvE. 3. lucrativus (rare) : 
 p. labour for reading, etc., I. opera ad 
 legendutu, etc.. Quint. lo, 7, 27. 4. 
 Utilis, e : v. useful. Phr. : farms are 
 less p. than they were, *agrorura reditus 
 minores sunt quam an tea ; *ex agris 
 minores fructus domino redeimt : v. 
 
 PROFIT. 
 
 , to be ; prosum, prof Icio : v. to 
 
 PROFIT (1.). 
 
 profitably : utiiUer : v. usefully. 
 
 profitless : inutllis, vanus, ex quo 
 nihil tructus capiiur, etc.: v. useless. 
 
 profiigacy : 1. nequitia : to lead 
 any one into p., aliquem ad n. abducere, 
 Ter. Ad. i, j, 4: utter p., perd\ti n., Cic. 
 Clu. 15, init.: Hor. 2. use pi. of 
 flagltium (L. U. J 591) : to pull ate oneself 
 with p., fl.igitiis se inquinare, Cic. I'usc. 
 I, 30, 72 . cf. Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 20 (stul- 
 tum adolescentulum uobilitas flagitiis) ; 
 Heaut. «, 4, 14 (flagitiis tuis me infamem 
 fieri): Tac. 3. perditi mores: Cic. 
 Fam. 2, 5, extr. Phr.: a woman of 
 abandoned p., luxuriae ac lasciviae per- 
 dit le (mulier). Suet. Cal. 25 : to be given 
 up to p., luxuria et lascivia diffluere, 
 Ter. Heaut. ;, i, 72. See also foil art. 
 
 profiigate {odj-) • 1. perditus 
 
 (abandoned) : a p. and dissolute youth, 
 adolesceiis p. ac dissolutus, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 25, 55. Join: contaminatiis, perditus, 
 fliigitiosus, id. Verr. }, 58, i}4. 2. 
 flagitiosus (characterized by all kinds 
 of disgraceful living) : Join, vitio.sa 
 et flagiiiusa [vita], id. Fin. 2, 28, 9?; 
 flagitiosissimus, libidinosissimus, uequis- 
 simus, id. Verr. 2, 2. 78, 192. 3. ne- 
 quam, inded. (goodfin- nothing, vicums) : 
 cf. supr. 4. profligatus (rare) : Cic. 
 Verr. }, 26, 65 (tu, omnium mortalium 
 profligatissime ac perditissime) : id. 
 Arch. 6, 14. Phr.: an utterly p. life, 
 582 
 
 vita vitiis flagltlisque dedila, id. R. Am. 
 i},fin.; *vitu omni nequitia mfamis. 
 
 profligate : nepos, otls (spendthi-ift, 
 reckless liver) : Cic. : Hor. : v. prodi- 
 gal. 
 
 profliga.tel7 : flagitlose : Join; 
 impure et f., Cic. Fin. j, ii, }8. Or expr. 
 by phr. : to live p., vitiis ac flagitiis se 
 dedere, ingurgitare, etc. : v. ±-rofli- 
 
 GACV. 
 
 pro-forma : dicis causa ; Cic. Verr. 
 4. 24. 5J. 
 
 profound : altus : p. abilities, a. 
 indoles, Liv. 21, 2, med. Sometimes, 
 subtilis (nice, exocl, accurate); or, ab- 
 strusus (recondite, deep) ; may serve : a 
 p. knowledge of mathematics, mathema- 
 ticorum subtilissima cognitio (peritia) : 
 a p. discussion, disputalio abstrusissima, 
 cf. (.Uc. Ac. 2, to, init. See also, ab- 
 struse. 
 
 profoundly: 1. perh. subtUiter 
 (nicely, accurately) : cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 
 init. 2. pfinitus (inivardly , hence, 
 thoroughly, going to the very heart of a 
 thing) : to become p. acquainted with aU 
 the passions, omues animorum motus p. 
 pemoscere, Cic. de Or. i, 5, 17: cf. id. 
 Br. 48, 178, totam [rem] tenebat peni- 
 tusque cognorat: p. hostile to the Roman 
 name, p. Komano numini infestissimus, 
 Veil. 2, 27. 3. abscondite (abstruse- 
 ly) : Cic. Fin. j, i, 2. 
 
 profundity : aliitiido : v. depth. 
 
 profuse : effusus, profasus, etc. : V. 
 LAVISH (adj.). To receive any one u-ith 
 most p. demonstrations of favour, effu- 
 sissime aliquem excipere, Suet. Ner. 22. 
 
 profusely : effuse, prCtuse : v. la- 
 vishly. To iveep p., effundi lacrimis, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 651 : largos effundere 
 iletus, ib. 271: he began to bleed p., 
 Ingens vis sanguinis manare coepit, Curt. 
 9, 6, fin. 
 
 profusion : I, Lavish expendi- 
 
 ture: 1, effQsio: Cic. Part. 2J, 81 
 (liberalitatem effusio imitatur) : Liv. 
 The pi. may denote repeated acts of pro- 
 fusion, cf. L. G. 5 594. 2. prblusio 
 (not in Cic): Suet. Ner. jo: strengthened 
 by epith. niraia, Plin. Ep. 2, 4, extr.: 
 Vltr. 3. Ist'^gitio (lavishness in giving) : 
 Sen. Ben. i, 2, init. (Or expr. by cir- 
 cuml. : effusi s. profusi sumptus, nimia 
 largitas s. liberalitas: v. lavish.) jj. 
 Copiousness: largitas: Cic. N. D. 2,62, 
 156. See also abundance. 
 
 progenitor: parens: Gai. Dig. 50, 
 16, 51. Esp. pi., Cic. Inv. I, 54, /in. 
 
 progeny : progenies, el : V. off- 
 spring. 
 
 prognostic : signum (gen. term) : 
 Virg. G. I, J5I. More usu. expr. by 
 verb : concerning thep.s of fair weather, 
 de iis quae serenam tempesiatem signi- 
 ficant, nuntiant, etc. : v. to forebode. 
 Prognostica, orum (6r. npoyviii<jTi.Ka.), 
 only in Cic. as title of his translatirtn of 
 the poem of Aratus so called. 
 
 prognosticate : prospicio, spexi, 
 ctum. i : Virg. G. i, jgj (ex imbri soles 
 . . . prospicere, et certis cognoscere sig- 
 nis). See also to forebode. 
 
 prognostication: praedictio, prae- 
 dictum: v. prediction. See also pro- 
 gnostic. 
 
 prognosticator : v. prophet. 
 
 programme : Ubellus : cf. Tac Or. 
 9, where the Ubelli distributed to persons 
 present at a poetical recitation appear to 
 be programmes : Cic. Ph. 2, 38, init. 
 (libelli gladiaiorum). Not programnia, 
 which is a public notification, mani- 
 festo. 
 
 progress (SMbs.) .■ |. V.\t., journey 
 onward : l)est word prob., iter, itiueris, 
 
 n. ; V. JOURNEV, ROUTE ||, Fig., 
 
 carrying anything forward, improve- 
 ment : 1, progressus. us : eop. pi. : 
 to make p. in study, in studiis (philoso- 
 phiae) progressus facere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 V). fin. In like sense, progressio: to 
 make p. towards excellence, progres- 
 siunem ad virtutem facere, id. Fin. 4, 24, 
 ^7- 2. processus, iis : to make so 
 great p., tantos p. efflcere, id. Br. 78, 
 272. 3. profectus, us (not in Cic.) : 
 Veil. I, 16, med. Phr., to make p. in 
 
 anything, proficere in aliqua re, Caes 
 B. G. 7, 20 (ill oppugnatione oppidi) : see 
 
 also PROFICIENCV. 
 
 progress («.)•• progredior, j: V. TO 
 advance. 
 
 progression : progressus, iis : Cic 
 N. D. 2, 20, init. (stellarum; opp. re- 
 gressus). 
 
 progressive: expr. by prOgredior 
 
 V. TO AUV ANCE. 
 
 prohibit : veto, interdico (6^ legal 
 sente7ice) ; impgro or sancio, foU. by ne : 
 v. TO FORBID. (Less freq. in this sense, 
 prohibeo.) 
 
 prohibition : interdlctum : cic. <n 
 Pis. 21, 48. Or use gen. term denoting 
 a command : jussum, mandalum : v 
 order, command. 
 
 prohibitory : Phr.: a p. duty on 
 corn, *porturium ad frumentum impor- 
 taticium excludendum impositum. 
 
 project (v.): A. I'rans.: |. 
 To cast forward : projicio, } : Caes. : 
 Cic. II. To ilevise a plan: (consilium) 
 capio, ineo, etc.: v. to form (V.). 
 B. 1 n t r a n s. : to jut out, pro- 
 trude : 1. emineo, ui, 2 : top. (stand 
 out) from the surface of the earth, ex 
 terra e., Cic. Div. i. 42, init. : the spear 
 p.'d through his ribs, (ut) per costas 
 hasta emineret, Liv. 8, 7, med. : Caes. : 
 Ov. Esp. imperf. part, as adj. .- v. pro- 
 jecting. 2. promineo, ui, 2: (the 
 town) p.s right into the sea, prominet 
 penitus in altum, Liv. 37, 23, init. : 
 teeth lohich p., (dentes) qui p., Plin, 11, 
 J7, 62: Caes. (N.B. — Eminere is sim- 
 ply to stand out from; prominere im- 
 plies forward projection.) 3. exsto, 
 I (only in imperf. tenses : = emineo, 
 esp. poet.) : tlie vieapon p.'d from his 
 breast, exstabat ferrum de pectore, Ov. 
 M. 9, 128: Caes. B. G. 5, 18 (capite sole 
 ex aqua exstare, to have only the head 
 above ivater in loading) : Plin. 4. 
 excurro, } (of land running out into the 
 sea, or the like) : v. to bun out. 5. 
 to cause to p., projicio, j : to cause a 
 building to p. (over another's ground), 
 aedes p., Cic. Top. 4,_/in. 
 
 projectile : missile telum ; or sim- 
 ply, missile : v. missile. In mechanical 
 phil., "(corpus) quod projicitur; or as 
 t. t., "projectile, is, n. (after anaL of 
 missile). 
 
 projecting (adj.) : l. gminens 
 ntis : p. promontories, promontoria e., 
 Caes. b. C. 2, 2J : cheeks p. slightly, 
 leniter e. genae, Cic. N. L). 2, 57, 14$, 
 2. prominens, ntis (prominent) : p. 
 eyes, p. ocuM, Plin. 11, }•;, 5;. (In Cic. 
 Vat. 4, init., eminentes oculi, are eyes 
 standing out with fury.) 3. pro- 
 jectus (usu. of places): a city p. into the 
 sea, urbs p. in altum, Cic Verr. 4, 10, 
 init. : also absol., Virg. Aen. J, 699. 
 
 projection : 1. expr. by emineo, 
 exsto, etc. : no p. of any kind, nihil 
 omnino quod eminet; v. to project" 
 (B.). 2. projectum (0/ a bwiWin^) .• 
 .Tavol. Dig. 50, 16. 242 : Ulp. 3. pro- 
 Jectura (also in building): Vitr. j, 2, 7. 
 4. prominens (esp. of a coast) : on 
 a p. of the shore, in prominenti litoris, 
 Tac A. I, 5}. 
 
 projector : auctor (consilii) : v. 
 author. 
 
 proletariate: prole tarii, orum: CIo, 
 Rep. 2, 22. 
 
 prolific : f ecundus : nothing more 
 p. than the swine, sue nihil fecundius, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 160. Or expr. by abl. 
 of quality: insigni lecunditate, Tac. A. 
 I, 41. See also fertile, PBODUCTn'E. 
 
 prolix : 1. verbosus ( » ordy. 
 
 lengthy): a p. (lengthy) epistle, epistola 
 v., Cic. Fam. 7, }, extr. : cf. yuiiit. 4, 2, 
 79, exposiiio longior . . . . et paulo ver- 
 bosior : Suet. Phr.: not to be p. over 
 a ivell-known matter, ne in re nota 
 multus slm, Cic de Or. 2, 87, J58. (N.B. 
 — Multus in this sense, can only be used 
 of persons ; verbosus of persons or 
 things ; as speeches, etc.) 2. longus 
 (not in itself implying a fault, but from 
 the context) : p. in narrative, 1. in nar- 
 rationibus, Tac. Or. 22, med. : Cic. : y. 
 TEDIOUS. 3. prolixus (late in this
 
 PROLIXITY 
 
 PROMONTORT 
 
 PRONE 
 
 sense): Maer. Sat. j, 7, Jin. (ciyus ex- 
 eniplum, ne aim proUxus, omisi). 
 
 prolixity: expr. by adj.. above all 
 things, you must avoid p., 'prae omni- 
 bus rebus ^maxime omnium) cavendum 
 est, ne longus (verbosus, multus) sis; 
 ne verbosiore, quam necesse »it, exposi- 
 tione ntaris. (Verbositas, prolixitus, v. 
 late and best avoided.) 
 
 prolixly: verbose: Clc. : Quint 
 
 prologize : prSlCgum dico : V. PRO- 
 loonn. (Or use (ireek, jrpoAoyt'fo/i.ai.) 
 
 prologue: pr6l6gus: Ter. : Quint. 
 
 prolong : 1. produce, xi, ttura, } 
 (to carry on somtthing fur a length of 
 time) : to p. a banquet till late «n the 
 night, conviviura ail niultam nociem p., 
 Cic. Sen. 14, 46: Hor. Also, simple 
 verb, duco, ? Caes. : Cic. : v. to pko 
 TRAcr. 2. propago, i (to caust to 
 continue) : to p. tlie existence of the 
 comnum ' ealth for many ages, multa 
 Bfcula reipublicae p., Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 
 11: to p. a command for a year, ini- 
 perium in annum p., Liv. 2}, 15, extr. 
 3. prordgo, I (esp. to p. a period 
 of command : the technical word) : 
 to p. Caesar's rommand, imperium 
 Caesari p., Cic. Ph. 2, 10, 24 : Front. 
 Also in gen. sense: the planet Venus p^ 
 the daylight. Veneris oidus lucem p., 
 Plln. 2, 8. 6 ^ 56. Join: prorog.ire et 
 extendere, I'lin. alt 4, exteiido. di, 
 turn an<l sum, }. to p. rerels till mid- 
 night, ad inedias nocies comissationes 
 ex., Suet. Tit. 7: Liv. (l'roterre = to 
 postpone: In Cic. Fin. j, earfr., jx-nulisset 
 appears to be the true reading.) (N.B. — 
 No such word as prulongo.) 
 
 prolongation : 1. propagatio : 
 Cic. ru.->c. I, )5, extr. (p. viiae). 2. 
 prordgatio (of term of office) : Liv. 8, 
 26, extr. (Or expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 PBOLONG.) 
 
 prolonged (a<y-) •• diutumus : v. 
 
 I>ONG. 
 
 prolusion: prdliisio: Cic. 
 
 promenade (•"'^s-) •■ I. The walk: 
 ambulatio : Cic. Fin. 5, init. Oimin. 
 ambulatiuncula (rare): Cic. ||. 'I'he 
 place : 1. xystus (usu. planted loith 
 trees, and used for discussion, rec-eation, 
 etc.): Cic. Ac. 2, ?, 9 : Plin. Kp. 2. 
 ambiilatio (any plcuxfor walking) : Cic. 
 Q. Fr. ?, I, I : Varr. Dimin. ambula- 
 tiuncula (rare) : Cic. 
 
 promenade ("•) •• 1. spatlor, i : 
 Cic Opt. Gen. }, 8 (in xysto): Hor. 
 2. ambiilo, i : v. TO walk. 
 
 prominence \ I. ihat which 
 
 prominency 5 projects: eminentia: 
 Plin. !7' '"■ 6!. See also PKOJtxxios. 
 II, The quality of being prominent : 
 expr. by adj. or verb : v. foil. artt. 
 
 prominent: f. Lit.: 1. pro- 
 niinens, ntis : Plin. : v. PKOJHX;TrNG 
 (2). Dimin. prominiilus (slightly p.) : 
 stomach rather p., venter promliiulus, 
 Capitol. Pert. 12: Mart. 2. eminens: 
 V. PROJECTING (1). To be p., promineo, 
 emlneo: v. topkojrct (B.). ||, Fig.: 
 expr. by exsto, emineo : cf. Cic. de Or. 
 i, 26, loi, exstare atque eminere, to 
 stand out (as it were) and be p. ; the 
 metaphor being derived from the art of 
 painting: cf. Quint. 2, 17, 21: the most 
 p. features of an orator's style, *quae 
 maxime in oratore exstant atque con- 
 spiciuntur. Join: also, eminere et 
 apparere, Cic. R. Am. 41, extr. 
 
 prominently : P h r. : to stand out 
 p. from the rest, •exstare atque eminere 
 inter ceteros: thcU point (the speaker) 
 brought p. fontard, *eam rem taiiquam 
 caput quoddam orationis exposuit : de 
 ea re ita dinserult ui quodam modo 
 exstaret atqiie emineret: v. prominent 
 
 (".)■ 
 
 promiscuous : 1. promiscuus 
 
 (mixed loithout distinction)^! Sail.: Liv.: 
 V. iNDisCRiMiNArK, MIXED. 2, Indis- 
 cretus (uiuiistinguished) : Cels. : Sen.: 
 V. foil. art. 3, miscellus, mlscella- 
 neus: v. miscellankods. I'hr.: to in- 
 dulge in p. ivtercDuise, 'nulla certa 
 conjugli lege corpora conjungere ; pro- 
 miscuo concnbilu uti. 
 
 promiscuously : 1. prdmiscue 
 
 (without any distinction) : Caes. B. <j . 
 o, 21 (pr. in fluminibus perluuniur) : 
 Cic. 2. indi.screie (rare) : Plin. : 
 
 Span. (Also the aijjj. may l>e used: cf. 
 Sen. Clem, i, extr., multos occidere, et 
 indiscretos, to kill many and that p. : 
 also Sail. Cat. 12, divina atque humana 
 promisciia [ = promiscue] nihil pensi 
 neque moderati habere.) 3. tfimgre : 
 v. random (at). 4. sine ullo delectu: 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 21,^11.; cf. nun delectu 
 aliquo, Id. Plan. 4, 9; sine delectu, Gell. 
 20, 5 : nullo adhibito delectu, cf. Cic. de 
 Or. J, 17. '5°- ^> Bine ulio [sexus] 
 discrimine, Suet. Cal. 8. 
 
 promiscuousness : expr. by nullum 
 deleciuin adhibere, etc. : v. preced. art. 
 
 promise (subs.) : |. Words said : 
 
 I. promissum : to keep p.s, p. ser- 
 vare, Cic. Off. }, 24, sqq. : also, promls- 
 sum lacere, ib. I, 10, init. : to claim the 
 fuljilnunt of a p., p. exigere, ib. j. 2?, 
 94 : Hor. (Or use verb : to make a p., 
 promittere : should he keep his p. or rut T 
 laciat quod promlserit, necne? Cic. Off. 
 }, 24, 9? : to rruxke. many p s, multa pro- 
 mittere, etc.) 2. piomitsio (the act 
 of promising) : Cic. Fam. 4, ij, fm. 
 (deliebat esse aut promissio auxilii all- 
 cuju-s aut. consolatio doloris tui). 3, 
 poUicTtatlo (strictly frequentative ; 
 hence usu. pi. d'lioting repealeil offi~rs) : 
 by hirye rewards and p.s, multis prae- 
 mils p.que, Caes. B. G. }, 18 : S.ill. 
 
 4. often sufficiently definite, fides, 
 6i (ivi/rdorhonmr as pledged) : to break 
 a p. ma/ie to an enemi) (parole), fideni 
 hosti datam fallere, Cic. Off. i, U, J9 so, 
 f. vlolare, id. Rab. perd. 10, 28. (N.B. - 
 In such phrr. as, to make this, that, one 
 promise : to make many p.s, a suh- 
 .-tanitve must not be used, but instead a 
 neuter adj orpron.: hoc, illud, unum, 
 multa promittere, poUiceri : v. to pro- 
 mise.) II. I'rospeit, likelihood: spes, 
 6i ; a young man of thf. highest p , ado- 
 lescens summa spe [et animi et ingenii] 
 praeditus, Cie. Ph. 2, 18,46: adolescens 
 non tarn re et maturitate quam spe et 
 expectatlone laudatus. id. Or. }o, 107. 
 
 promise (v.) ; |. To make a pro- 
 mise : 1. proniitto, misi, ssum, } 
 (usu. denoting a formal engagement, 
 esp. in reply to an offer or cltoMenge) : 
 Cic. : Caes. Join: promittere ac reci- 
 pere (promise and undertake), Cic. Fam. 
 5, 8 ; promittere, recipere, spondere, id. 
 Ph. 5, 16, fin. 2. polliceor, 2 (to make 
 a voluntary promise) ; the consul p.s 
 the senate not to be wanting in his duty 
 to tite state, consul reipubllcae se non 
 defuturum p.. Caes. B. C. i, i : to p. the 
 most extravagant things, ni.'\ria mon- 
 tesque p.. Sail. Cat. 2J : so, monies auri 
 p., Ter Ph. I, 2, 18. Foil, by Inf. alone : 
 qui sura pollicitus ducere (usu. me duc- 
 turum), id. Andr. }, 5, 7. Frequent. 
 pollicilor, I (top. repeatedly, make many 
 promises): Ter.: Sail. 3. profiteer, 
 2 (freely to offer; very like preced.): 
 V. to offer, .foin: profiteri atque 
 polliceri [suum studium], Cic. Fam. 5, 
 8, med. P h r. : to p. or threaten, spem, 
 metum ostendere, id. Verr. 4, 54, 7;. 
 
 II. To engage oneself in reply to an 
 invitation : promitto, j : Cic. de Or. 2, 
 7, 27 (pr. ad aliquem). (By no means, 
 polliceor.) III. To furnish hopes : 
 P h r. • the crops p. ivell, *segeles largam 
 (benignam;> promittunt, ostendunt, spc- 
 rare jubent messem (Kr.) : o youth who 
 p.s well, adolescens summa spe praeditus 
 (v. preced. art. /n.) ; he p.t to be a good 
 general, 'spem facit (ostendit) omnibus 
 summum se ducem futurum (fore ut 
 dux sumnius evadat). (Kr. gives, pro- 
 mittit artificem niusicum, he p.s to be a 
 musician; but the phr. appears to be 
 without authority.') 
 
 promising ("<y-) ■■ t>ona (maxima, 
 summa) >pe : v. promise, _/in. 
 
 promissory note : chirographum 
 (security unier one' sown signature) : to 
 give a p. note, ctiirognipho obligare se 
 ad praestanitum, Callist. Dig. 46, 14, j ; 
 chirographum exhibere, cf. Gell. 14, 2, 
 med. 
 
 promontory : 1, promontdrium : 
 
 Caes. B, G. }, 11 (in extremis hogulla 
 p.que) : Cic. : Liv. 2, prominena, 
 
 mis (rare): I'ac. A. 1, 5} (in promluenti 
 littoris). Also v. rare, promliientia : 
 Sol. 3. lliigula or llgiiLla (a tongue 
 of land running out into the sea) : Caes. 
 I. c. Also, in same sense, lingua : Liv. 
 44. II, init. 
 
 promote : I. To advance to 
 
 honour: 1. prOviho, xi, ctum, j: 
 would your merit have p.d you to any 
 honour f ecquo le tua virtus provexistet? 
 Cic. Ph. i;, 11, 24 : so. ad [amplis.iimosj 
 honores p.. Suet t^aes. 72 : Plln. mm. 
 2. promOveo, movi, lum, 2 (not so 
 used in time of Cic.) . top. any one to a 
 higher rank, allqueui in ampliorem gra- 
 dum pr.,Suet. Olh. I : Plin. niin. (.N.B.— 
 Neither of the alX)ve should be used 
 absol., but loll, by ad honorem. etc.) 
 Phr.: to p. friends to the highest 
 /umou)'j,(amicos)ad ampligslmos honores 
 perducere, Cic. Am. io, 7} ( 1= secure 
 their advancement) ; / cannot dmiy that 
 Hirtius was p.d to honour tn/ Caesar, 
 negare non (lo.-^sum a Caesare Hinium 
 ornaium, id. I'h. 1;, ii, 24: to be p.d 
 from the ranks to be a general, *ex gre- 
 gario iiiilite (manipulari) ducem heri : to 
 be p.d from Vie ranlcs to the supreme com- 
 mand, *per umues lionorum gradus ad 
 summam imperil evebi, asceiidere. ||, 
 'I'oj urther, aui, jivo, adjuvo, prosum : v. 
 TO aid, assist. P Ii r. : to seek to p. the 
 good of one's fellow-citizens, civibus 
 Consulere, Cic. Off. i, 2;, 85 ; utilltatem 
 civiiim tueri, lb.: to seeJc to p. the artt, 
 artes lovere, Suet, Vesp. 18. See alto 
 TO devote (oneself); s-rnDY. |||, JY> 
 conduce to: expr. by licio, prosum: v. 
 GOOD (adj. ll.,Jin.). 
 
 promoter : acjjutnr : v. HELPER 
 ABKrxEK. Sometimes, auctor: v. ori- 
 ginator. 
 
 promotion : I. -'ct of promoting : 
 V. TO PROMOTE. II. Honour, advance- 
 ment: expr. by amplior gradus, honor; 
 amplior honoris gradus : v. to pkohuts 
 (1.). (I'romotlo, V. late and bad.) 
 
 prompt (odj.) : 1. proroptug 
 
 (quick, ready); p. in action, p. in rebus 
 gerendis, Nep. Them, i ; cf. promptus 
 manu, Sail. Jug. 7, init. : also Cic. Br. 
 42, 1 54, prompta et parata in agendo el 
 in respondendo celeritas. 2. Impiger, 
 gra, grum (active, indefatigable) : Clc. : 
 Sail. See also vtuiCK. 3. matums 
 (not of persons) ; a p. decision, m. judi- 
 cium, Cic. Caec. ?, init. Phr.: there i* 
 need of p. execution, opus est mature 
 facto. Sail. Cat. 1, extr. 
 
 prompt ("■)' I. To incite, move to 
 action: iiicito, impello, etc.: v. to in- 
 cite, instigate, impel. II. To attitt 
 a speaker: sulijicio, Jeci, ctum, }: Ter. 
 Ph. 2, }, 40 (si meminisli, id quod olim 
 dictum est sul^jice) : Cic. Also in fig. 
 sense : such language as indignation 
 p.s, quae dolor subjitit, Liv. }. 48. /in. 
 (Suggero in this sense is doubtlul : In 
 Cic Fin. 2, 14, 44,ezfr.,Orelliand Nobbe 
 omit the clause, luum est ut suggeras.) 
 
 prompter : qui verba subjiciu 
 
 promptitude : celeritas prompta et 
 parata, Cic. Br. 42, 154. Or simply, 
 celeritas, maturitas (the latter not in 
 best authors : maturitas poenae. Suet. 
 Tib. 61 : Front.) : v. QuicKNiis, ra- 
 pidity. Phr.: nothing could exceed 
 the p. of Caesar, •Caesare nihil potuil 
 esse celerius. 
 
 promptly : 1. prompts (not bow- 
 ever in best authors) : I'ac. A. 15, 52 • 
 Plln. min. 2. matiire [losing no 
 
 time, speedily) : Sail. Cat. i.extr. : Clc: 
 
 v. SPEEDILY, yCICKLY. 
 
 promptness : v. pbomptitcue. 
 promptuary : promptuarium (store 
 
 house) : Cato. 
 
 promulgate: promulgo, i (to give 
 public notice of a bill or law) : Clc. : 
 Sail. S<e also to publish, proclaim. 
 
 promulgation : promulgatio (put>- 
 lie notincaCion) ; Cic. See abio pbopa- 
 gation. 
 
 promulgator: praeco, praedlcitor: 
 
 V. PRiX'LAlkLEB. 
 
 prone: I. Leaning forward, with 
 58J
 
 PRONENESS 
 
 PROPAGATE 
 
 PROPERTT 
 
 the face to the ground : pronus : he rolls 
 p. on his head, p. volvitur in caput, 
 Virg. Aen. i, 115 : Sail. Cat. I. See also 
 HEADLONG. ||. Inclined to : 1. 
 
 pronus (foil, by ad or in and ace. : in 
 Cic, denoting natural tending towards 
 rather than propensity properly so 
 called) : too p. to complaisance, in obse- 
 quium plus aequop., Hor. Ep. i, 18, 10: 
 Suet. : of. Cic. Kep. 2, 26. fr., an.\itudo 
 pr. ad luctum. 2. propensus, pro- 
 clivis : V. inclined. (All the above 
 words, like the Eng., are naturally most 
 frequently used of evil tendency.) 
 
 proneness : expr. by animus pro- 
 pensus : V. INCLINED. See also fro- 
 PENsiTT. Proclivitas, rare : Cic. Tusc. 
 4, 12. 28. 
 
 prong ! dens, ntis, m. .- v. Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. (II.). Having tuo p.s, 
 bidens (a t» o-pronged fork), Virg. G. 2, 
 400 ; Varr. : to, with three p.s, tridens : 
 Virg. : Val. Fl. 
 
 pronominal : pronCmlnalis, e : 
 Prise. 
 
 pronoun* pronOmen.Inis, »i.: Quint. 
 I, 4, I', »a/- : I'risc. 
 
 pronounce ; I. I'o vtter formally 
 and authoritatively: pronuntio, i : to 
 p. sentence {as a judge), sententiam p., 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 12, J7: also with ellipsis of 
 sententiam ; Judex iia pronuntiavit, id. 
 Off. }, 16, 66 : in same sense, sententiam 
 dicere, Cic. Off. 1 cpaulosvpr.: Phaedr. 
 I, 10, 8 (Judicium facere = (o /orid 
 an opinion or judgment : Jus dicere 
 refers not to the passing of one parti- 
 cular sentence, but to the administra- 
 tion of justice.) II, To utter, deliver : 
 pronuntio, i : Cic. de Or. i, 61, 261 ; 
 Quint. I, II. See also to dfliver (ill.). 
 Ill, To articulate syllables: 1. 
 enuntio, i : to «pei/ uwtfe in a different 
 manner from, that in uhich they are 
 p.d, verta scribere aliter quam enun- 
 tiantur, Quint, i, 7, 28. (In this sense, 
 also pronuniio, Gell. 7, 7, init. : but 
 enuntio is better.) 2. loquor, locutus, 
 i (sufficiently precise lor ordinary l;ing.); 
 they p.d as they spdt, sicut scribebant, 
 etiam loquebantur, Quint, i, •), ij: Gell.: 
 cf. Cic. Oft'. I, 37, lii. 3. exprimo, 
 pressi, ssum, } {with distinctness) : top. 
 ecu:h letter icitk affected nicety, litteras 
 putidius exprimere, id. de Or. 3, 11,41 
 (opp. to litteras negligentius obscurare, 
 to slur tlieni over, in prvn unciation) : cf. 
 Id. Off. 1, 37, 133, liiterae erant neque 
 expressae neque oppressae {pronounced 
 Tteither affectedly nor slovenly) : Quint. 
 I, 2, 6. Phr. : top. a syllable with the 
 acute accent, syllabam acuere, Gell. 7, 7, 
 extr.: to p. letters too broadly, litteras 
 dilatare, Cic. Br. 74, 259. (N.B. — The 
 passive may often be expr. by sono, i : 
 7 think each word should be spelt as it is 
 p.d, ego sic scribendum quidque judico, 
 quemadmodum sonat, Quint, i, 7, 30.) 
 Cf. foil. art. 
 
 pronunciation : J. Delivery, ut- 
 terance: 1, pronuntiatio : Quint. 11, 
 3 (" de pronuntiatione," s. actione) : Cic. 
 2, appellatio {enunciatitni) : a soft 
 (pleasing) p., lenis a. litterarum, Cic. 
 Br. 74, 259 (so, suavitas litterarum ap- 
 pellandarum, ib. j;, 133). 3. melon. 
 OS, Oris, n. {ultrrance) : to correct faults 
 of p. (e. g. a broad or affected vay of 
 speaking), oris vitia emendare. Quint. 
 
 I, II, 4 (so, vitia oris et linguae, ib. i, 5, 
 32) : a distinct p., OS explanatum, id. 
 
 II, 3, 30: a bad foreign p., os in pere- 
 grinum sonum corruptum, ib. i, i, 13. 
 
 4, explanaiio {distinct p. or utter- 
 ance) . ib. I, 5, 33: Plin. 5. prolatio 
 {act of utteritig) : Liv. 22. 13, med. 
 (Punicum abhorrens os ab Latinorum 
 nominum prolatione). ||. More of 
 
 enunciating particular words or syl- 
 lables: perh. s6nus, i: Quint, i, 5, 33. 
 .Usu. better expr. Dy verb : to write 
 words according to their p., verba sicut 
 sonant scribere ; verba sicut loquimur 
 scribere, etc.; v. to fbonounce (III.). 
 
 proof {subs.) : I. That which 
 
 proves or makes certain : 1, dScii- 
 
 mentum : must convincing p.s, maxima 
 
 d., Sail. Cat. 9 to be a p. {of something), 
 
 584 
 
 documento esse (foil, by rel. clause), 
 Caes. B. C. 3, 10. (Documentum more 
 freq. carries with it the sense ol a lesson 
 or instance from which one may leain.) 
 2. argumentum {evidence, con- 
 vincitig token) : that is a convincing.p. 
 that, id magno a. est (foil, by ace. and 
 i?i/.), Cic. Ph. 2, 16, 40: so, it is siif- 
 ficient p. that. . . , satis est argument!, id. 
 Quint. 1 2, extr. Join Qcertissima] ar- 
 gumenta atque indicia [sceleris], id. Cat. 
 3, 6, 13. 3. indicium {token, indi- 
 
 cation ; esp. of guxlt) : p.s and traces of 
 poison, ind. atque vestigia veneni, id. 
 Cln. 10, )0: cf. siipr. (2). Also in good 
 sense, indicium benevolentiae, id. Fam. 
 7, 6. 4. signum : v. sign. ||. A 
 course or mode nf demonstration : perh. 
 ratio demonstrandi s. probandi : v. to 
 PROVE. Sometimes, argumentum may 
 serve (when there is one main point in 
 the demonstration) : so in pi., the points 
 {leading heads) in a p., puncta argu- 
 mentorum, Cic. de Or. 2, 41, 177 : v. 
 ARGUJiENT. III. Act of jJTOvivg : in 
 phr., difficult of proof ; difficile pro- 
 batu ■ Cic. Tusc. 5, tn'it. : a statement 
 difficult of p., *quod vix satis finnis ar- 
 gumentis probari possit : v. to prove. 
 
 IV. 2'riaZ; experimentum; or expr. 
 by experior, 4 (to make proof of): v. 
 trial; to tkt. Phr.: armour of p., 
 *urma quae usu comprobata sunt (?). 
 
 V. Specimen sheet struck off by a 
 printer: plagiila : Schneider pref. Vitr. : 
 Orel I. : to correct p.s, p. corrigere. 
 
 proof {adj.) : expr. by verb : p. 
 against argument, *quem nulla argu- 
 menta movere possum : p. against cor- 
 ruption, *qui nullo pretio labefactari 
 potest, cf. Cic. Clu. 68, 194: intrepidity 
 p. against all tenors, *aiiimi praesentia 
 quam nulli metus Irangeie neque debili- 
 tate possunt : V. to pbevailon ; shake, 
 OVERCOME, etc. 
 
 proof - sheets : v. proof, subs. 
 
 {extr^. 
 
 prop {subs.) : I. L i t. : 1. c6- 
 hlmen, Inis, n. {gable-prop, mainstay) : 
 Vitr. 4, 2, init. 2. pedamen, peda- 
 mentum {for vines to climb): Varr. i, 
 8: Col. 3. admiiiiculum (more ele- 
 gant term == pedamen) : Cic. N. D. 2, 
 47, init. 4. statiimen, inis, n. {any 
 kind of "upright"): Col. 4, 16, med. 
 (=:pedamentum) : cf. ib. 6, 19. ||, 
 F i g. : main support : columen : the p. 
 of a family, c. familiae, Ter. Ph. 2, i , 
 57: Cic: Hor. Join: caput colu- 
 menque QRomani imperii], Liv. )8, 51. 
 Also praesidium may serve: cl. Hor. 
 Od. I, I, 2. Phr.: he is the only p. of 
 the whole family, solus omnem familiam 
 sustentat, Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 35 : who is re- 
 garded as the p. of the portico, qui fulcire 
 putatur porticum Stoicorum, Cic. Ac. 2, 
 24, 75. (Not adminiculum in this sense.) 
 
 prop (^0 •■ 1. fulcio, si, Itum, 4 : 
 to p. a vine, vitem f., Cic. Sen. 15, 52: 
 Atlas who p.s up the heave7)S with his 
 head. Atlas coelum qui vertice f., Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 247. Comp. suffulcio, 4 (to sup- 
 port from beneath) : Lucr. : Mart. 2. 
 pedo, 1 {in horticulture): to p. vines, 
 vineas p.. Col. 4, 12, init. 3. expr. 
 to bep.'d by, innitor, subnitor (as it were, 
 to lean upon: poet.): temples p.'d on 
 columns vast, templa vastis innixa 
 cclumnis, Ov. Pont. 3, 2, 49 : so, sub- 
 nixus, Cic. Rep. 6, 20. (N.B. — These 
 two verbs are chiefly used in present 
 sense, in p. part. ; subnixus mostly fig. : 
 V. relying on.) 
 
 propaganda : " Societas de propa- 
 ganda I ide " : Webster. 
 
 propagate: A. Trans. : |. 
 
 'Jo reproduce. 1. propago, 1 (as hor- 
 ticultural term, to propagate by a slip 
 or layer put under earth) : Varr. R. R. 
 I, 40, extr.: Plin. 21, 10, 34 (lit.): Col. 
 (IS.B — In wider sense, propagare is 
 rather to prohmg or extend than simply 
 to beget offspring: cf. Cic. Ph. i, 6, 13, 
 stirpem in quingentesimum annum pro- 
 pagare, i. e. to continue the breed far 
 f.ve hundred years.) 2. expr. to be 
 p.d by nascor, provgnio, cresco : the 
 hazel is p.d by slips, plantis coryli 
 
 nascuntur, Virg. G. 2, 65 : trees that 
 p. themselves, sponte sua provenientes 
 arbores, Plin. 17, init. : tobep.d by seed, 
 *seniinibus jactiscrescere. Phr.: trees 
 which are p.d by grafting, quae (genera) 
 inseruntur ex arboribus in arboies, Varr. 
 R. R. I, 39, fin.; by layers, quae ex 
 arboribus demittuntur in teriam, ib. 
 II, To spread: 1. vulgo, i: to 
 
 p. disease, morbos v., Liv. 3, 6, ad init. : 
 Curt. 9, io,med. 2. di?semino, i {to 
 scatter a^ seed) : this plague has been 
 p.d more widely than could have been 
 thought, latius opinione disseminatum 
 est hoc malum, Cic. Cat. 4, 3, fm. See 
 also TO SPREAD. Phr.: to p. the Chris- 
 tian faith in foreign countries, *apud 
 exteias gentes fidem Christianam pro- 
 pagare; exteras gentes docere et Chris- 
 tiana doctrina impertiri. B. I n- 
 trans.: to reproduce kind : }' li r. : the 
 hare p.s very fast, *lepus animal est 
 fecundissimum, cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 160 : 
 see also supr. (A., I., 2). 
 
 propagation : I. in horticulture : 
 propagatio {by layers) : Cic. Sen. 15, 5J : 
 Col. Arb. 7, init. Or expr. by verb: v. 
 TO PROPAGATE (A.). ||. Dissemitui- 
 
 tion : V. TO PROPAGATE. 
 
 propel : 1. impello, puli, pulsujn, 
 3 : to p. a ship on rollers, navem scutulis 
 subjectis i., Caes. B. C. 3, 40: Virg. 
 2, propello, 3 : Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, init. 
 (navem remis p.) : Lucr. (Usu. rather, 
 to drive or thrust forward in battle.) 
 
 propeller : perh. impulsor (usu. fig. 
 = instigator) ; or expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 IMPEL. 
 
 prepense : v. ikcliS'ed. 
 
 propensity: 1. proclivitas (rare): 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 28, where it is used as 
 special term to denote an evil tendency 
 (haec in bonis rebus facilitas, in malis 
 pioclivitas nominetur). 2. ciiplditas 
 (a ruling desire, passion) : the mind 
 becomes enslaved by an evil p., animus 
 se cupiditate devincit mala, Ter. Heaut. 
 I, 2, 34: to have the passions bridled, to 
 control et^ J).s, domiias habere libidines, 
 coercere cupiditates, Cic. de Or. i, 43, 
 extr. : V. DESIRE, PASSION. (Still stronger 
 than cupiditas is hbido : cf. Cic. Off. 2, 
 24, 84, tanta in eo peccandi libido fuit, 
 such an inordinate popensity or passion 
 for wrong-doing.) 3. often expr. by 
 adj. : one person has a p. to one vice 
 and another to another, animus alius ad 
 alia vitia propensioi, Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81 : 
 to have a p. touards . . . , animo es.se pro- 
 
 penso ad : v. inclined. (N.B. — 
 
 Various evil p.s may be denoted by spe- 
 cial terms ; as, p. to lying, mendacltas ; 
 to slander or reviling, malediceiitia ; to 
 drinking, vinolentia ; etc. : where see 
 the names of the several vices.) 
 
 proper: I. Peculiar; not com- 
 mon : proprius: v. peculiar. Esp. as 
 gram. t. t., p. nouns, iiomina propria: 
 I'risc. 2, 5, 22. Phr.: the p. signifca- 
 tion of words, proprietas (^verborum). 
 Quint. 8, 2, init. ||. Fit, suitable: 
 aptus, accommOdatus (ad ahquam rem) : 
 V. FIT. Ill, Eight, becoming : d6- 
 
 corus: Cic. Off. i, 31, iii : see also pro- 
 priety. It is p. : decet, 2 (with ace. 
 and inf.) : it is not at all p. for an 
 orator to get into a passion, oratorem 
 minime decet irasci, Cic. Tusc. 4, 2;, 
 init.: so, dedecet ( = non decet): v. 
 
 BECOMING ; TO BECOME. See also RIGHT. 
 
 properly : I. strictly, in strict 
 
 sense: proprie: Cic. Off. 3, t.ii (proprie 
 vereque) : Gell. _ ||. Fitbj, 1 lyhtly : 
 apte, recte, commode : v. rightly, w ell. 
 Phr.: you have not acted p., non te 
 dignum lecisti, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 25 ; *non 
 quod decuit lecisti. 
 
 property : I. special quality, 
 
 peculiarity: proprietas {peculiarity or 
 sum total of peculiarities) ; or expr. by 
 propritis (esp. in phr., proprium est); 
 etc.: V. FEATURE (11.); quality. II. 
 What is possessed : 1. bona, orum : 
 to sell p. and confiscate the proceeds, 
 bona vendere atque in publicum redi- 
 geie, Liv. 4, 15, extr. : to squander one's 
 hereditary p., b. patria abligurire, Ter. 
 Eun. 2,2,4: cf. Cic. Par. 1,1,7. Join:
 
 PnOPE RTY-T A X 
 
 PROPITIOUS 
 
 PROPOSE 
 
 Iwua, fortunac, posscssiones, Cic. Caec. 
 ij. }9. 2. res. rei, /.: e!.p. in phr., 
 res familiaris, private p., Cai-s. 15. G. i, 
 l8; also, res privatii, Cic. Kaiii. 9, " (as 
 opp. to state revenues). Or without cuij., 
 Cic. Cat. 2, J, 10 (res eos jam prideui, 
 tides delicere nuper toepit) : Hor. 3. 
 tortunae (a larger and more compre- 
 hensive term ihati i-iiher of preced.) : 
 money and p.. pecuiiia lortunaeque, Cic. 
 K. Am. i, iiiit.: cf. id. Tusc. i, 6, 12, 
 M. Crassum qui illas fortunas {ail that 
 wealth, and position) morte dlmiserit. 
 Less freq. sing. : what avails me p., if 
 I may not use it t quo mihl fortuna si 
 non conccditur uti? Hor. Ep. 1, 5. 12. 
 See also foutunk, kichks. 4. census, 
 us : V. FORTUNE (111.. 2). (N.B.— «ome- 
 times the word need not be expressed ; 
 as in the case ot iieut. pi. of possess. 
 prims. : e. g., my p., thy p., etc., niea, 
 lua, etc: / cany all my p. with me, 
 omnia mea porto mecuni, Cic. I'ar. l, i, 
 8; also where a pose, case follows the 
 verb -sum : ail thin(fs are Urn p. of the 
 victors, omnia sunt victoris : L. G. } 
 266.) 
 
 property-tax : P b r. : to impose a 
 p. tax, tributum ex censu imponere, cf. 
 Caes. B.C.}, }2; topuy p. toz, tributum 
 ex censu conferre, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 5>, 
 init. (The phr. ex ceusu however 
 points rather to income than to real 
 property: the latter may l)e more ex- 
 actly defined by, tribuiuin in l)ona, for- 
 tunas, possessiones impositiim.) 
 
 prophecy : I. ^ predu:i.xo>i : 1. 
 praedittio, praedictum : v. pkkuiction. 
 2. vaticiiiatio: the .•sibylline p.s, 
 Sibylliiiae v., Cic. N. I). 2, },fi.n. : Caes. 
 KG. 1, 50. Less good, vailclnium : 
 Plin. : Gell. 3. carmen, iuis, iu (in- 
 freq. in prose : the reference being 10 
 the poetic form in which prophecies were 
 spoken); Liv. 1,45, ad /«. (id camien 
 pervencrat ad antisiitem fani Dianae) 
 Or expr. by verb : v. to pkoph^sy. ||. 
 rAe prophelic power : Phr.: Vie kinff 
 received the. gift of p., *regi animus divi- 
 iius luluMruiuque sagax injectus est. 
 (I'ropheiia, Vulg. Rom. xii. 6.) 
 
 prophesy : 1- vaticinor, I : to p. 
 ill a iflale of phrensy, v. per furoreni, 
 Cic. iiiv. I, 18, init.: Uv. : Ov. 2. 
 cano, cecini.caiitum, 3 {prophecies being 
 usually in verse : esp. poet.) : he p.'d, as 
 (if he ho'l been) a seer, cecinit ut vates, 
 Nep. Att. 16, extr. (used there to avoid 
 repetition of praedico) : Cic. Cat. j, 8, 
 18 (in a rhetonial passage; said of the 
 gods, ut haec quae nunc fiunt canere 
 Uii viderentur) : Liv. i, 4;, ad, fin. : 
 Virg. : Tib. 3. praedico, } (to fore- 
 tell): V. TO hKKDiCT. 4. augurur, i : 
 V. TO PBEDIOT (3). 5. i" Scriptural 
 sense, proplieiizo, i ; Vulg. Matt. xxvi. 
 68 ; also, propheto, l : ib. 1 Cor. xiv. i ; 
 et pass. 
 
 prophet : 1. vates, is, c. (in- 
 .fpired seer or bard) : Cic. Div. i, 50, 
 114, poet. : may I prove ajalsep.,uU- 
 nam falsus v. sim, Liv. 21, 10, tiied.: 
 Nep. : Lucr. : Vlrg. (Cic. in place re- 
 ferred to, uses vaticinantes its tlie prose 
 equivalent of vates, pi.) 2. vatici- 
 nator (rare): Ov. Pont, i, i, 42. 3. 
 fatidicus: Varr. L. L. 6. ■7,6;: Vet. Lex 
 in dc. Leg. 2, 8, 20. In same sense, 
 fatiloquus : Apnl. 4. divinus {for- 
 tune-ttller) : Cic. Fat. 8, itiit. _ 5. esp. 
 in Scriptural sense : prOpbeta {one 
 speaking on behalf of God, not neces- 
 sarily predicting anything) : Macr. Sat. 
 ■3, I}, med. (sacerdotes [Aegypiioruni] 
 quos prophetas vocant) : Vulg. i>ass. 
 
 prophetess : 1. ^ Jites, is, c : 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 65 ■• Hor. 2. fatilOqua : 
 liv. I, ■), med. 3. divina (cf. pro- 
 phet, 4): I'etr. 7. 4. prophetls, idis : 
 Vulg. Jiidic. iv. 4. 
 
 prophetic : 1. divinus : a pre- 
 
 saging and p. faculty in the soul, aliquid 
 in anlmis pniesagiens atqtie divinuni, 
 Cic. Div. I, 5"], extr. (cf. ib. init, vis 
 in animls divina) : a bird p. of impend- 
 ing ratn,d. avis imbrium imininenlium, 
 Hor. Od. 5, 27, 10. Divinus is also some- 
 times used as stil>s. : v. pROPHtn. 2. 
 
 vatlcinus (rare) : p. books, librl v^ S. C. 
 in Liv. 25, I, extr. : Ov. 3. fatidicus 
 
 (rare except poet.) : Cic. N. D. i, 8, 18 
 (f. anus): p. Themis, f. Themis, Ov. M. 
 I, J2i : Virg. Less freq. fatI16quus : 
 Liv. I. -J (where It is subs.). 4. 
 
 praesagus(ini''urdii//ore(>0(it"3) : mind 
 p. of ill, p. mens mali, Viig. Aen. 10, 
 84? : Ov. 5. pr6pheticus (v. pBo- 
 
 PHFT, 5). Ten.: M. 1.,. 
 propnetically : ut vat«8 : Nep Att. 
 
 I ft, extr. Or llie part, of vaticinor may 
 be used in apposition (cf. L. G. ij }4{): 
 thus p. he spoke, haec locutus est vati- 
 cinans : v. to rKOPHi-:sY. 
 
 propinquity : v. nearness. 
 propitiate : 1. p'aco, i : to p. 
 the pair- r of' Itie gods, numen deorum p.. 
 Caes. B. G.' 6, 16 : also, placare [donis] 
 iram deorum. Vet. Lex in Cic. U-g. 2, q, 
 fin. 2. prOpitio, i {to render gra- 
 
 cious ; whereas placo is rather to allay 
 anger: not in the best authors): to p. 
 by every kind of atonement, per omnia 
 piaculorum genera p.. Suet. 0th. 7 : Tac. 
 3. pio, expio, I (more fre<i., to atone 
 for, expiate guilt) : to p. the manes of 
 the dead, manes mortuorum expiare, 
 Cic. in Pis. 7, 16 : Virg. (ossa piare) : 
 Hor. (Sometimes lenire or miligare 
 [iram deorum] may serve: v. to pa- 
 ciKV, AssuAOK.) 4, I'to, I {to offer 
 propitiatory sacrifices ; with dat. : rare 
 In this use): Cic. Fl. j8, 96: Macr. S. S. 
 I, 7, init. (absol.). 
 
 propitiation : I. ^e ««« •• !■ 
 placatio: Cic. N. I). J, 2, 5. 2. litatio 
 {successful p.) : Liv. 27, 2{, med. (per 
 dies aliquot inajores hostiae sine Itlatione 
 caesae, diuque non impetrata pax deo- 
 rum) : Macr. Or expr. by expiatio 
 (sceleris): v. expiation. (More freq. 
 expr. by verb: v. to propitiate.) ||, 
 The means: 1. piaciilum {offering 
 to atone): to offer a pig as a p., porco 
 piaculo facere, Cato R. R. H9; also, 
 porco piaculimi pati, Cic. Leg^ 2, 22, 
 extr. : Tac. A. 15, 44. 2. placamen. 
 inis, n. ; Liv. 7, 2 (coelestis irae placa- 
 niina) : Sil. Also, placamentuni (pre- 
 ferable form in sing.) : Tac A. i ;, 44 : 
 Plin. (Propitiatio only in late Lat. of 
 Vulg., I Job. ii. 2 ; unless Indeed it be 
 so used, Macr. S. S. I, 7, init., litatio 
 propitiationis. Propiliatoriuin in Isid. 
 Or. 15,4, corresponds to Gk. iAao-njpioi', 
 and denotes a part of the ark if the 
 Temple.) 
 propitiator : propitiator : Hier. 
 propitiatory (n'^j) •• 1. P'aca- 
 bills, e : Luct. 4, 28, med. (p. ho.^tla, one 
 adapted to propitiate). 2. placatorius: 
 Tert. (hardly to be followed). /'. offer- 
 ings, piacula, placamenta, etc.: v. pro- 
 pitiation. 
 
 propitiatory {subs.) : i. e. (strictly") 
 the upptr cover of the Ark : propitiuto- 
 rium: Isid. Or. 15,4: Vulg. Hebr. ix. 5. 
 propitious : 1. pr6pitlus {fa- 
 vourable, kind): so may the gods be p. 
 to me', ita deos mihi vellm propitios ! 
 Cic. Div. Verr. ij, 41. (But propitlus 
 does not carry with it that notion of 
 superhuman agency which mostly be- 
 longs to the Enp.) 2. aequus (esp. 
 poet.) : Venus p. to the Teucrians, aequa 
 Venus Teucris, Ov. Tr. i, 2,6: Hor.: 
 cf. Cic. Or. 10, 54 (aequus placatusque). 
 3. praesens, ntis {remiy and potent 
 to aid) : p. Mercury, p. Mercurius, Hor. 
 S. 2, J, 68: Ov.: cf Cic. Tusc. i, 12, 28 
 (tantus et tiun p. Deus). 4. faustus 
 (not of ;)er.<<o>(«) : v. Auspicions. 5. 
 secundus (poet.): Virg. Aen. 4, 45. 
 Join: praesenles ac secundi [dii], Liv. 
 7, 26, med. (Often expr. by a verb ; as, 
 favere, ade<se, aspirare : ttie gods being 
 p., faventlbus diis. Suet Gal. 10: be p., 
 ye goiis, to my undertaking '. Di coeptis 
 aspirate mels ! Ov. Met. I. J.) See also 
 FAVOURABLE. Phr.: the viclims{omens) 
 are p., lltatur : usu. with ilat. of the 
 deity to whom the victim is offered : the 
 omens in some cases are p., in others nut 
 so, litatur aliis, aliis non liialur.Cic. Wv. 
 2, 17, init. : also the act. may be used: 
 to Jfanlius the ometis had been extremely 
 p., Maiilium egregie liiasse, LIv. 8, g. 
 
 propitiously : pxpr. by prapitios, 
 
 faveiis, praesens, etc. (cf. L. G. J 14}): 
 attend, propiti/jtisly, O Tegean! adisig, 
 legeaee, favens • Virg. (i. i. 18: cf. 
 Ov. M. 7, 177, modii diva triformis ad- 
 Juvet, et praesens ingentibus adnuat 
 ausis. See also auspxciouslt. Phr.: 
 to look or smile p. on, favere, adspirare : 
 V. pkopitiols. 
 propitiousness : expr. by a4j. 
 proportion (»«&«.) ; 1. ponio, 
 bnis.J. (10 be u.scd in alla<lverbialphrr., 
 though not capable of standing as equi- 
 valent for the Eng. in technical sense : 
 cf infi.) : in p. (prcj^jrtiunally), pro 
 portione, Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 46: in p. to 
 the {magnitude of the) subject, pro p. 
 rerun), id. de Or. 2, 79, }20 : in a certain 
 {defined) p., pro rata p.. [al.so, pro rata 
 parte], Plin. 11, 15, 15: to obserre the 
 same p., eandem servare p.. Curt. 7, 1 1, 
 nied. 2. only as technical tenii, pro- 
 portio, onis (a coinage ventured by Cic 
 alter the Gk., ava^oyCa) : Cic. I im. 4, 
 Jin. (audendum est eiiim, quoniam haec 
 primum a nobis novantur): Varr. L. L. 
 10. init. (where however only the form 
 proportlone, occurs : which need imply 
 no nom. case proporlio) : Vitr. j, i, init. 
 (thus defined, Proportio est ratae fartis 
 membrorura in omnl opere totiu.>que 
 commodulatlo, ex qua ratio eftlcitur 
 symmetriarum). 3. expr. by riitio 
 
 {relation) w ith depend, gen. : the p.s {of 
 mcasurememt) which appear to be ne- 
 cessary in all works, mensurarum ra- 
 tionesquaeinomnibusoperibusvidentar 
 necessariae esse, Vitr. j, i, 5 ; cf. ib. i) i, 
 ratio symmetriarum. 4. symmetria 
 {due measurement of the parts of a 
 figure or work in relatiim to each other 
 'and the whole) : Vitr. i, 2, i.sq. : Plin.: 
 V. stmmetrt. Phr.: to be in perfect p. 
 (of the parts of a building), convenien- 
 tissimum habere comniensuum resjion- 
 sum, Vitr. }, f, }■ cf. ib. <J 4. ita naiura 
 composuit corpus hominis, utl pro por- 
 tionibus membra ad sunimani ejus bgu- 
 rationem responde;int : U> promise [jo 
 muc/ij to the privates, and m p to the 
 centurions, [tantumj miliilbus poUiceri, 
 et pro rata parte centurionibus, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 17, fin.: Cic: the subs, is 
 sometimes omitted (not in Cic), whence 
 we get, pro ratJi . Liv. 45, 40, vied. 
 
 proportion, in: pro rata porUone 
 (parte) : v. im:opobtion. 
 
 proportion ("■)■■ pro portione [ali- 
 ciyus rei] facere, describere, etc. : v. 
 subs. 
 
 proportional : expr. by pro portione 
 (parte) : v. proportion. (Proportionalls, 
 only as math. 1. 1.) 
 proportionally ) pf" portione. 
 proportionately S etc: v. pro- 
 portion. 
 
 proportioned : 1. conveniens, 
 ntis: Vitr. !, i, ; (ad summam ha- 
 bere convenicntissimum commensiium 
 responsum). 2. aeqiialis et con- 
 STWiii{welUp.): Suet. Tib. 68. Phr.: 
 to be perfectly p. to the entire appear- 
 ance of the figure, ad unlversam hgurae 
 speciem habere comniensus exactionem, 
 Vitr. }, I, 4; also, respondere, ib. : an 
 exordium p. to tlie magnitwle of the 
 subject, principla oratlonis pro portione 
 reruni posita, cf. Cic de Or. 2, 79- i^- 
 (Proportlonatus, very late and rare: 
 satis p. corjnis. Firm. Math.) 
 
 proposal: 1. condlUo: to malx 
 a p., that, c. ferre. ut. . ., Cic Kam. 16. 
 12: Oel. ib. 8, 14: (0 refuse a p.. c 
 respuere, Caes. B. ti. I, 42 : to accept pj, 
 conditlones accipere, Cic. 1. c. 2. 
 postulatum, usu. pi. (Implying o cta«m 
 of r-'ilil or conceiml as such) : to carry 
 suijii p.s to ami one. pc-itulala ad ali- 
 quern deferre, Caes. B. C. i . 9 : cf. Nep. 
 Alcib. 8. med. 
 
 propose : I. ^ ^^"^ forward, 
 esp. in an assembly : 1. fSro, j. trr.: 
 esp. in plirr. ferre legem, to p. a law, Cic 
 Off. 2, 21. 7}: also without legem ex- 
 pressed, ad populura t., ut. . ., id. Ph. 2, 
 4 J, no: and. ferre conditlones, to p. 
 tervis : V. PROPOSAL. Also, aliquem 
 ludicem f., to p. as a judge, id. K. Com. 
 58s
 
 PROPOSER 
 
 PROSE-WRITER 
 
 PROSPECTUS 
 
 15. 45- 2, esp. of the tribunes, rfigo, 
 1 (to (Kfc t/ie consent of the people to a 
 law): whatever law the tribunes p. to 
 the plebs, quod [tribuni] plebem rogas- 
 eint. Vet. Lex in Cic. Leg. i, }, <): also 
 used of the laws proposed by other ma- 
 gistrates, cf. id. Phil. 1, 10, fm. : whence 
 the phr. uti rogas (U. R.) in voting for 
 a law. (Not propoiiere legem in this 
 sense : v. to publish.) 3. pono, 
 
 pdsui, itum, j (in discussion, to lay 
 doivn or advance a thesis for dUcus- 
 iion): to p. a small question, quaesti- 
 onculam p., Cic. de Or. i, 22, 102 : cf. id. 
 Tusc. 1,4,7. II. To make a proposal : 
 Phr.: conditinnem ferre: v. proposal. 
 See also to offer. |||. To have in 
 view: expr. by, in animo est (mibi), 
 cogito, etc.: v. to intknd. 
 
 proposer: 1. laior (ipgis, roga- 
 tionis): Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10 : Liv. Also 
 absol., Caes. B. C. i, 5. 2. rSgator 
 (legis ; extr. rare in this sens*-) : Lucil. 
 in Non. ?8?. 14. (Or the imperf. part, of 
 logo, except in nom. siny.: v. L. G. } 
 6j8.) 3. usu. better, auctor {origi- 
 nator, priirrwtn) : the p. of a plan, a. 
 consilii, Caes. B G. 6, }i p. {as opp. to) 
 suppoi ter of a law, legis auctor, suasor, 
 Liv. 6, }6, med. (But auctor legis is 
 more freq. the same as suasor : cf. Cic. 
 Leg. J, 16, init., neque lator quisquara 
 est inventus, nee auctor unquam bonus, 
 neither proposer . . .nor supporter.) 
 
 proposition: I. fritposal: con- 
 
 ditio: V PROPOSAL. II. A measure 
 proposed in a legislative or other body .- 
 
 1. sententia {in the senate) ; to vote 
 for anyliody's p., pedibus in sententiam 
 alici\jus ire. Sail. Cat. 50: a decree of 
 the Senate nas passed, adopting my p., 
 factum est S. C. in meam s., Cic. Alt. 4, 
 1, med. (R-^latio is stricily tiie laying 
 of a matter before the Senate ; also, esp. 
 in later writers, by melon. = st-ntentia; 
 cf. Tac. 14, 49, lion ideo consules niuta- 
 vere relationera : also, Liv. 32, 22, med.; 
 and Cic. in Pis. i ?, init.) 2. r6gatio 
 (a proposal to the p&ple to pass a law ; 
 hence, the measure so proposed ; a bill) : 
 Cic. Clu. 51, 140. et pass.: Caes.: Liv. 
 
 3. expr. by iero, j, irr. {to make a 
 p. to the people) : foil. Ly, ad populum, 
 Cic. Ph. 2, 4?, iio: or absol., he made 
 no p. about the trial, nihil de judicio 
 ferebat, id. SuU. 22, 6}. So with re- 
 ference to the Senate, reffiro (cf. supr.), 
 tn lay a matter before the Senate, whe- 
 ther a distinct motion be propounded or 
 not : Sail. : Cic. |||. Suggestion or 
 recommendation: consilium: v. plan, 
 COUNSEL. IV. ^'« logic: 1. pro- 
 nuntiatum (Gr. aliuiiia). Cic. Tusc. i, •;, 
 14: Gell. In same sense, enuntiatum: 
 Cic. Fat. 9, 19. 2. propOsitio : Quint. 
 7, I, 9, sqq.: M. L. (In Cic. Inv. i, }■;, 
 67, propositio is the main proposition or 
 -major premiss of a syllogism.) 3. 
 thfisis, is, /. (Gr. $e<TL<;- p. advanced for 
 discussion): Quint, j, 5, 11. (Instead 
 of theses, we find Gr.ee/iaTa. ib. 7, i, 4 ; 
 for which it is stated Cic. used proposita, 
 1. c.) P h r. : to lay dmvn a p. for dis- 
 cxtssion, ponere quid, Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 7. 
 
 V. In mathematics, etc.: propSsT- 
 tio: M. h.pass. 
 
 propound : 1. ro make formal 
 
 announcement of: promulgo, i ; to p. a 
 measure, rogationem ad populum p., 
 Sail. Jug. 40, init. : or without ad 
 populum : Cic. Att. I, 14, J : etc. ||. 
 To give forth, state : edo, expono, pono: 
 
 ▼. TO OTTER, STATE. 
 
 proprietary {adj): Phr.: a p. 
 school, *schola quae in modum societatis 
 mercatoriae constituta est. Or for bre- 
 vity, *schola proprletaria. 
 
 proprietor: dominus: Cic. Off. I, 
 39, IJ9: Hor. Ep. I, 2, 48. (For the 
 dmerence between dominus and pos- 
 sessor, V. OWNKR.) 
 
 proprietorsMp ; dSmmium : v. 
 
 OWNERSHIP. 
 
 proprietress ; domina : cf. pbopwe- 
 n>B. 
 
 propriety : •• c. fitness, accordance 
 'jnth what is proper: 1. decorum 
 ' = Ok. TO npiirov that which is agree- 
 586 
 
 able to our conceptions of human beings 
 as superior to brutes, Cic. Off. i, i'],fin.) : 
 to observe p., d. servare, ib. 28, init. 2, 
 perh. convenientia {accord, conformity): 
 with depend, gen. : cf Cic. Off. i, 28, 
 100, convenientia conservatioque natu- 
 rae, i. e. propriety and naturalness : v. 
 FITNESS. Or expr. by convenire, con- 
 gruere: there is a p. about this speech 
 considering the person to whom it is 
 assigned, *conveniunt haec apte ad per- 
 sonam loquentis : V. TO AGREE. With p., 
 decenter ( = ut decet) : Hor. A. P. 92 : 
 I Quinl. II, I, 79 (decoie, in a graceful or 
 becoming manner: cf. Cic. Off. i, }i, 
 extr.) : the orator must study p., est quid 
 deceat oratori videndum, Cic. Or. 21, 71. 
 propulsion : expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 PROPKL. 
 
 prorogation : l- e. postponement : 
 pror6gatio (*parlamenti) : Cia Mur. 23, 
 med. (p. Maiiillae legis) : or, perh. pro- 
 latio ; but the former term appears pre- 
 ferable. (Forjp. of Parliament, R. and 
 A. give, comitia regni prolata ; but the 
 term comitia is quite out of place.) 
 
 prorogue : proidgo, i . v. to post- 
 PONE. (N.B. — By no means protrude, 
 as R. and A.) 
 
 prosaic 1 solutae orationi propior : 
 v. PROSE. In this sense, Hor. uses, pe- 
 dester (sermo), A. P. 9; : also some- 
 times, aridus, siccus, jejunus, frigidus, 
 may serve ; v. drv, fi at, jejune. 
 
 proscribe : proscrlbo, psi, ptum, J : 
 Cic. R. Am. 6, 16: Suet.: Veil. The 
 p. part is used as subs : Cic. Verr. 2. I, 
 47, 12? (in sing.) : to include among the 
 p.d, in proscriptorum numerum referre, 
 Nep. Att. 12. /)esi(Zera<ife,proscripturio, 
 4 (to hanker after p.ing), Cic. Att. 9, 10, 
 med. 
 
 proscription: proscriptio: Cic. R. 
 Am ;j, 15?; Suet.: Veil. Ore.xpr. by 
 verb : during the p., quum proscriberen- 
 tur homines, Cic. R. Am. 6, 16. (Later, 
 pruscriptura not to be followed.) 
 
 prose {subs.) : 1. oratio sSluta : 
 Varr, L. L. 6, extr. : Cic. de Or. j, 48, 
 184 (see (he place). So Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 
 24. verba soluta modis. 2. prosa 
 
 (with or without oratio, eloquentia: a 
 post-Ciceronian term, and less elegant 
 than preced.) : Cadmus was the first to 
 write p., Cadmus primus prosam [pror- 
 sam, Ian., this being the original spel- 
 ling] condere instituit, Plin. 5, 29, ji: 
 Veil. : Quint, (who u^es prosa, absol. : 
 Inst. 9, 4, 52). 3. oratio is also used 
 absol., in present sense (though it may 
 be usu. better to add the defining word 
 soluta) : both in poetry and in p., et in 
 poematis et in oratione, Cic. Or. 21, 70: 
 cf id. de Or. }, 48, 184 : Qumt. 9, 4, 52. 
 4. pedestris (quam Graeci vocant) 
 oratio : Quint. 10, i, 81 : cf Hor. A. P. 
 9; (where however pedestris sermo does 
 not mean literally prose, but plain, 
 prosaic diction). (N.B. — 'i'hough much 
 used by modern Latinists, the phr. pe- 
 destris oratio is bad except with such 
 a qualitication as in Quint. 1. c.) Phr.: 
 / fancied it was Terence being read in 
 p.. Terentium metro solutum legi cre- 
 didi, Plin. Ep. i, 16, 6. 
 
 prose {adj.) .- 1. soliitus {sc. modis, 
 or metris) : history is a kind of p. poetry, 
 historia est quodammodo s. carmen. 
 Quint. 10, I, JI : more freq. eplth. of 
 oratio ; v. preced. art. 2. prosa (ori- 
 ginally, prorsa. going right on, straight- 
 forward) : only with oratio or eloquen- 
 tia : v. preced. art. 3. p§dester, tris : 
 p. histories, p. historiae, Hor. Od. 2, 12, 
 9 (simply = solutae modis) : but see 
 preced. art. fin. (N.B. — Avoid pro- 
 saicus, prosarius : v. late.) 
 
 prose (v-)- I. Lit.: pros4 scribo 
 (post-Cic.) : Quint. 9, 4, 52. ||. To 
 talk tediously : Phr.: the other goes 
 p.ing on, *pergit ille alter frigidissimas 
 ineptias nectere : don't p. ! *ne longus 
 fias ! 
 
 prose -writer : prosae (oration is) 
 scriptor: v. prose. (E'rosaicus, v. late.) 
 Or expr. by verb : he was the earliest p., 
 primus prosam orationcm condere in- 
 stituit, Plin. 5, 29, ii 
 
 prosecute : I. To carry out in 
 order tn complete : 1, exsequor, .sgcii- 
 tus, J : top. schemes, incepta ex., Liv. io, 
 4 : more fully, ad extrenium ex., Cic. 
 Rab. Post. 2, 5 (to p. to the end). { N.B. — 
 Prosequor in this sense is incorrect.) 
 2. persequor, } {to follow out, exe- 
 cute) : top. {a war) to the end, extrema 
 p., Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 19. 3. insto, 
 stiti, I (to press on with energy : with 
 dat.): v. TO PRESS on. See also, to 
 
 FOLLOW UP, PERSEVERE. Phr.: tO p. 
 
 the war with the utmost application of 
 zeal and resources, animo et opibus in 
 bellum Incumbere, Caes. B. G. 7, 77 : he 
 ti OS p.in^ his stiidies at Leyden, *Lng- 
 duni Batavonim siudiis operam dabat. 
 II. To enter on legal proceedings 
 against : Phr.: judicio aliquem per- 
 sequi, Cic. Fl. 21, 47 : also, litem alicui 
 intendere (to bring an action against 
 any one) : v. action (V.); to accuse. 
 
 prosecution: I. carrying out: 
 exs6ciitio: Tac. A. j. 31 : Plin. Or expr. 
 by verb ; esp. ger. or ger. part. : v. to 
 PROSECUTE (I.). II. Legal: \. ac- 
 cusatio : V. ACCUSATION. 2. rare, 
 
 exseciitio (delicti not hominis) : Ulp. 
 Dig. 47, I, I 5 I. 3. delatio {sc. 
 
 nominis) : to entrust the p. to any one, 
 alicui d. dare, Cic. Div. Verr. 15. 49 : 
 Tac. 4. expr. by actio: v. action 
 (V.). Counsel for the p., accnssLtoT: V. 
 
 ACCUSER. 
 
 prosecutor: accusator; actor {one 
 who brings an a>tion), pgtitor {plain- 
 iW) • ^- Smith's Lai. Diet s. v. actor. 
 
 prosecutrix ; acciisatrix, actrix, pet- 
 itrix : cf preced. art. 
 
 proselyte : proseij^us, /. -a : Vulg. 
 Matt, sxiii. 15, etc.: Scrr. Eccl. See 
 
 also DISCIPLE. 
 
 proselytism : Phr.: «•« hate p, 
 *nolumus proselytes facere, et studiosos 
 nostrae sectae conciliare. 
 
 proselytize : proselytes facere : cf. 
 Vulg. Matt, xxiii. 15. 
 
 prosodiacal ; prosodiacus : Scrr. 
 Gr. See also, metrical. 
 
 prosodian : *rei prosodlacae (me- 
 tricae) peritus (homo). 
 
 prosody : *pr5s5dia (strictly the 
 accent or tone of a syllable ; and so 
 used by Varr. in Gell. 18, 12 : cf. id. ij, 
 6, where as in Quint, the word is written 
 as Gk., npocrwSiai.) : M. L. (Or by cir- 
 cuml.. doctrina s. res prosodiaca [not, 
 prosodica, as R. and A., after Kr.]) 
 
 prosopopoeia: prSsopopoeia: Quint. 
 6, I, 25. 
 
 prospect : I. ^"«"' 'if things 
 
 within reach of the eye : prospectus, us 
 (to be used with caution) : he scans the 
 whole p.. omnem p. petit (ocuUs), Virg. 
 Aen. I, 181 : (a house) with a fine p., 
 pulcherrimo p., Auct. pro dom. 44, 116. 
 (But the word denotes strictly, out-look 
 er power of seeing to a distance, not the 
 scene itself n hich the eye surveys.) Usu. 
 better expr. by prospicie, j : the dining- 
 room commands a wide p. of the sea, 
 coenatio latissimum mare p., Plin. Ep. 
 2, 17, 12: Hor. Ep. I, 10, 2?. Or fire- 
 quent. prospecto, i : a place commanding 
 a wide p., locus late prospectans, Tac. 
 H. }, 60 : Phaedr. Phr.: to block up 
 any one's p. {build before his lights), 
 luminibus allcujus obstruere, Auct. pro 
 dom. 44, 115. II. Anticipation of the 
 future : spes, ei,/. (may be used of evU 
 as well as of good) : actual circumstances 
 bad,p.s far worse, mala res, spes multo 
 asperior. Sail. Cat. 20. but much more 
 freq. of good : there is not even ap. of im- 
 provement, ne s. quidem uUa estenditur 
 fore melius. Cic. Att. II. 11 : to afford a 
 p. of. .., spem afferre ut. . ., idi Am. 19, 
 68. 
 
 prospective: expr. by in futurum 
 (adv. phr.) : v. php.ase. 
 
 prospectively : in futurum s. pos- 
 tcium tempus. etc. : v. future {a4j. and 
 subs.). Or expr. by, posterltatis ra- 
 tionem habere : cf. Caes. B. G. I, I J. 
 
 prospectus : perh. tltulus or index 
 (the former being used of various super- 
 scriptions, notices, etc. ; the latter, of 
 titles of books catalogues, etc., cf. Gierig
 
 PROSPER 
 
 P ROTECT 
 
 PROTEST 
 
 ad Plln. Ep. j, 5, 2): v. Smith's Lat. 
 Diet. 6. V. 
 
 prosper: |. Trans.: 1. age- 
 undo, I (poet.) : Virg. Aen. "j, 259 (di 
 nostra incepta secundent): Lucan. 2. 
 prospgro, I (poet, or late): Tac. H. 4, 
 $} (deos precatus. uti coepta prosper- 
 arent) : Hur. 3. fortuno, 1 (to crowii 
 with, good fortune : archaic) : the gods 
 urill p. your schrrms, di fortuiial)unt 
 vostra ainsilia, P!. Trin. 2,4, i'5: tl'C- 
 Fam. 2. 2 and i;, '7, in both wlncli ca,se8 
 the language partakes of the arcli.iism 
 of forms ol prayi>r. 1' h r. : to p. thf 
 attempt at so great a work, orsls taiili 
 operis successus prosperos dare, Liv. 
 pref. extr. (Oi c.xpr. by, opibu.-, divitils 
 aliquem augere ; aca/rdiug as Hod p.s 
 you, *prout unumquemque vcslrum Deus 
 opibusauxerit.) ||. Intrans.: Phr.: 
 prospera fori una uti; successus pros- 
 peros habere ; etc. : v. to succked. 
 
 prosperity : 1. res sgcimdae : 
 Cic. Off. 1, 26, init. (opp. res adversac) 
 Hor. (Also, secundae fortuiiae Cic. 
 Sail. 2!, txtr.: the use of 7ieut. pi., se- 
 cunda, orum = s. rea, is poet. : Hor. Od. 
 2, 10, I}.) 2. prospgrae res: Cic. Br. 
 J, 12 vp. res deinceps multae consecutae 
 sunt, an unbruhen successum of p.). 
 Also, piosp<'ra lortuna: id. N. I), j, n, 
 fin. (opp. ad versa). Meat, pi., prospera 
 (rerum) . Lucan 7, 107. 3. bSnae 
 
 res: Cic. Att. 12, 21 : Later, in Gell. 10, 
 17, extr. (sing.). 4. prospt^ritas (v. 
 rare). .Join: prosperltates secumlae- 
 que res, Cic. N. I >. j, j6, txtr. Phr.; 
 in the height of (their) p., florentissimis 
 rebus, Caes. B. tj. i, io. 
 
 prosperous : 1. sgcundus : p. 
 
 issues of tiar.s. exitus belli, Hor. Od. 
 4, 14, j8: esp. with res, lortunat (ur 
 sing.): V. fkospekitv. 2. prospfiius 
 (prosper), a, uui : p. issues, p. successus, 
 Liv. pref. fitr. .■ so,prosperriinus(N.B. — 
 never prospei issitnus) rerum eventus. 
 Veil 2, 111, fin. : very freq. with res or 
 fortuna : v. pROsPERrrv (2). 3. Borens, 
 ntis (ill full prime) : menp. and unun- 
 paired, (homines) f. atque integri, Cic. 
 PI. }5, 86 : a commonwealth important 
 and p., civitas umpla atque f., Caes. B. G. 
 4, J. Phr.: whr-rt I wasp., bonis meis 
 rebus, Cic. Att. 12, 21 : your beginnings 
 are p., bene habent tibi principia, Ter. 
 Ph. 2, }, 82. See also scccesskul, for- 
 tunate, AITSPICIOUS. 
 
 prosperously: 1. prospfire: Cic. 
 Tusc. ;, 18. 5?; Veil.: Gell. 2. ^e- 
 cunde (v. rare) : Cato in Gell. 7, }, med. 
 3. b6ii6 (gen. term) : Join, bene 
 et (atque) teliciter, Cic. Ph. 5. 15, 40: 
 Ter. (Or expr. by adj. : all things 
 would issue p.. cuncta prospera e ventura, 
 Sail. Jug. 5}: Cic: cf. L. G. 6 J4}.) 
 
 prostitute (subs.) .- 1. scortum 
 (o persoti of eitlier sex seizing for lust ; 
 a gross term) : a notorious p., nobile s., 
 Liv. }9, 9 : Cic: Hor. 2. meretri.x, 
 Icis, /. (milder term): Hor. S. i, 2,58: 
 the commonest p.s, vulgatissimae m.. 
 Suet. Dom. 22 : Cic. 3. prostibulum 
 (rare) : PI. : Am. 4. prostituta : 
 
 Plin. JO, 2. 5. Phr. : tt common p., 
 (feniina) vulgato corpore. Liv. 1,4: to 
 he a p., corpore quaestum facere, PI. 
 Potn. 5, J, 21 : cf Ter. Andr. i, i, 52, 
 quaestum occipere (to take to prosti- 
 tution); also, prostare, Suet. Tib. 4}; 
 meretricium facere. Suet. Cal. 42. 
 
 prostitute (f): I. I>it.: 1. 
 Tulgo, I ; to p. the body fur hire, corpus 
 pretio v., Aur. Vict. Orip. ad fin. : Liv. 
 1.4- 2. publico, I: PI. Bac. 4, 7, 22. 
 
 3. prostituo, 1, utum, } (to expise 
 for hire): to p. oneself, p. pudiciiiam 
 Euam, Suet. Ner. 29: Ov. Am. i, 10,42 
 (p. faciem suam lucro). (Softemd expr., 
 paruni honeste pudlcitiam habere. Sail. 
 Cat. 14: cf. ib. I?, pudlcitiam in pro- 
 patulo lialxTe, i. e. expose it for sale.) 
 
 4. top. oneself, prosto, stili, statum, 
 1: Juv. I, ^7 : Sen. Contr. ||. To de- 
 vote to base uses : Plir. : he p.d his talents 
 to Vie praise of a tyrant, •bonum ingen- 
 Inm suum turpi ter ad tyrannum lau- 
 dibus extoUendum contulit : see also to 
 
 DlSURACIl 
 
 prostitution : 1. mergtricius 
 
 quaeslus: Cic. I'h. 2, 18, 44: cf. id. Verr. 
 }, i, 6, mereiricia discipllna (as it were 
 reduced to a system): also quaestus is 
 used absol., Ter. Andr. i, i, 52 (of course 
 only where the context detines). 2, 
 mfirgtricium : only in phr., ni. facere, 
 topractoep.. Suet. Cat 40. 3. pros- 
 titutio (late and rare) : Am. 2, 16, p. 
 5} (p. corporuni). Phr.: to defray 
 enormous expenses out of the wages of 
 p., ingentes suniptus stupro corporis 
 lolerare. Sail. Cat. 24. (For fig. s'jnse, 
 see verb.) 
 
 prostrate ("■)•■ I. To throw down 
 and level with Uie ground : 1. sterno, 
 sliavi, turn, } (esp. poet.) : to p. men in 
 slaughter, viros caede s., Virg. Aen. 10, 
 119; Tib.: Liv. 2. dejlcio. j. v. to 
 CAST DOWN. II. As verbrefl., to pros- 
 trate oneself ; throw oneself on the 
 ground, esp. in token of humiliatitm: 
 Phr.: top. onesf.lf at any one's feet, se 
 ad pedes allcujus projicere, Cic. Sexl. 1 1, 
 fin.; prostemere (stronger), id. Ph. 2, 
 18, 45 ; alicul se ad pedes provolvere 
 (more properly, of the action of a num- 
 ber of persons), Liv. 6, ?, ad init. (so, ad 
 genua consulis provolvuntur, id. !4, 11, 
 med.) ; procumbere alicui ad pedes, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 15 (.so, ad genua alicujus, Liv. 
 2;, 7, init.; genibus, Ov. Met. i}, ;8;); 
 ad pedes allcujus procidere (rare), Hor. 
 Epod. 17. 1 } (somewhat differently, Cic. 
 Att. 1. 14, 6, ad pedes omnium singu- 
 latim accidente Clodio, i. e. he goes down 
 on his knees before each ; whereas pro- 
 cidere is to fall fiat on the ground ; so, 
 ad genua alicui accidere. Suet. Caes. 
 20) . top. oneself at anotlier's fc7iet'S(also), 
 genibus alicujus advolvi. Veil. 2, 80: 
 Liv. See also foil. art. |||. To break 
 down the strength of : 1. affligo, xi, 
 ctimi. J (lit. to strike down) : to p. the 
 mind and paralyse it with fear, aiiimos 
 a. et debilitare metu.Cic. Tust-. 4, 15, {4. 
 Join: (also), enervare et affligere, id. 
 Sen. 10, 11. 2. debliito, I (to disable, 
 unnerve, render helpless) ; crushed and 
 p.d with fear, fraclus ac debilitalus 
 metu, Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121 (cf. afliictus, 
 debilitatus. mocrens. ib. 2, 47, 195) : 
 Virg. 3. expr. to be p.d, by jaceo, ul, 
 2 : my brother is perfectly p.d nith 
 grief, jacet in moerore meus Irater, Cic. 
 Att. 10, 4. 
 
 prostrate {adj.): \. Lit. : expr. 
 by verb : to lay p., sternere ; to throw 
 oneself p. on the ground, corpus humi 
 prosternere (in Oriental fa.shion), Curt. 
 8, 5, ad init. : to lie p., Jacere : cf. Cic. 
 Onint. ?i, 96, quorum saepe et diu ad 
 pedes jacuit stratus: v. to prostrate 
 (I., 11.). II, Fig., broken down in 
 respect of strength or spirits: afflictus, 
 fraclus, debilitatus : v. to prostrate 
 (HI.). To lie p., jacere: piety is van- 
 quished and lies p., pietas victa jacet, 
 Ov. Met. I, 149: so with ref. to stale of 
 mind, Cic. Att. 7, 21 (Gnaeus noster 
 totus Jacet, is quite p.). 
 
 prostration : \. -Act of pros- 
 trating (the body) : expr. by, corpus 
 (humi) prosternere : Curt. 8, J. ||. 
 Total loss of strength or spirits : perh. 
 debiiitas (state of complete disablenumt ur 
 parali/sis): cf. Cic. Kin. 5. 28, 84, where 
 debiiitas corporis stands opp to integri- 
 tas. Or expr. by verb : in a state of p., 
 perculsus et afflictus, Cic. Fl. 7, 16: 
 credit is in a slate of p., fides concidil, 
 id. Man. 7, 19: so, Nep. Pel. 2, imperii 
 majestas, ab hoc initio perculsa roncidit. 
 i. e., sank into a state of p. : v. to pros- 
 trate (III.). 
 
 prosy : perh. longus, lentus : cf. Tac. 
 Di;il. 22: cl. TEDtoc;. 
 
 Protean : expr. by gen. of Proteus, i ; 
 arc Proiea. Hor. Kp. i, 1,90. 
 
 protect : 1. iwor, itus (rarely, 
 tutus), 2 (to look after and guard or 
 maintain) : to p. a house from thiei-es. 
 a turibus t. domum. Phaedr. j, 7, 10: to 
 p. territory from inmads. fines ab cx- 
 cursionibus L, Cic. Delot. 8, 22. Join: 
 tueri et defendere, Caes. B. C. J, 94; 
 tueri et conservare, CSc. Man. 5, 12. 
 Frequent, tutor, i (to protect or d^end 
 
 habitually): the clieeks p. the eyes cm 
 the lower side, genae (oculos) ab infe- 
 rlore parte t., Cic. N.D. 2. 57, 14} : Liv.: 
 Hor. 2. protego. xi. ctum, i (Ia 
 
 cover and shelter) .- top. any one with a 
 shield, Bcuto aliquem p., Caes. B. <■. ^, 
 44: Plln.: V. TO SHELTER. Join de- 
 fendere et protegere. Cic. Sull. 18, jo 
 ( = to throw one's shield over any om). 
 3. defendo, } : v. to defend. 4. 
 to protect from may be expr. by such 
 verbs as arceo, prOhibeo, defendo (to 
 ward off) : e. g. thou, (/ Jupiter, taUl 
 p. thine altars from this man, hunc, 
 •Jupiter, a tuis arls arcebis, Cic Cat. I 
 ii,fin. : v. to kekp oef (L). 
 
 protection: I, I'rotecUng pourr 
 or care: 1. tutela; (a city) under the 
 p. of Apollo, in tutela Apollinis, Cic. 
 N. 1). }, 11, 55 : tocommend to any ime't 
 p., tutelae alici^jus commendare, id. Off. 
 
 1, 5 i, 228. Join: tutela ac praesidtum. 
 Id. Mur. 10, 22. Fig.: wool affords p. 
 against cold, lanae tutelam contra fri- 
 gora praestant, Plin. 29, 2, 9. 2. 
 prae.-.i(lium (strictly, a body of troops 
 defending : also used like tutela) ; C^c 
 Mur. 10. 2 2 (tutela ac praesidlum). 3. 
 fides, f i, /. (plighted faith : hence, by 
 melon. = profection) : to han reiourse 
 to any one's p. as dependents, in alici^jus 
 f. et clientelam se conferre, Cic. K. Am. 
 J7, 106 Caesar saidhe would take lliem 
 undrr his p. and preserve Oiem, Caesar 
 sese cos in fidem receplurum et conser 
 vaturum dixit, Caes. B. G. 2, 15: to 
 impU/re the p. of gods and men, deum 
 atque hominum 1 implorare, Cic. Verr. 
 
 2, 1, 9, 25. 4. custodia (natch or 
 guard): v. guard. ||. That uhich 
 protects: 1, tUtela (meton.): Hor.: 
 Ov. Join: decus et tutela, Ov. Met. 
 12, 612. 2. tiitamen, inis, n.: Virg. 
 Aen. ;, 262(dccuset tuiamen, «c. lorica). 
 In same sense, tutamentum: Liv. 21, 
 ti, fin. 3. praesidium (safeguard) : 
 H r. Od. I, I, 2: cf. Cic Mur. 28, 77, 
 illud fortissimum praesidium pndoris 
 (where the gen. is p<'rh. of apposition). 
 Compare supr. (I.). |||, in commerce, 
 favouring home trade by meaiis of im- 
 port duties : to abolish p. in com, 'por- 
 toria toUere quae ad externa frument* 
 excludenda imposita sunt. 
 
 protective: expr. b^ verb: v. pre- 
 ced. artt. 
 
 protector : 1. tS'or (rare in this 
 sense): Hon: v. guardian. Also by 
 meton., tutela: Ov. Met. 8, 711. 2. 
 custos : v. GUARDIAN. See also, de- 
 fender ; and cf. protection (II.). 
 (N.B.— By no means protector, except 
 as legal title of O. Cromwell.) 
 
 protectorship: tit tela, custodia: T 
 
 GUARD, protection. 
 
 protectress : 1. custos, odis, c. .- 
 
 v. GLAKDiAN. 2. perh. tutrix; or 
 
 expr. by verb : v. to proteit. 
 
 proteg6 ('•'r) : perh.cliens, pupillns: 
 
 V. DtlPENDENT, WARD. 
 
 protest (" ) • I. '** "'"ke a solemn 
 declaration: 1. obtestor, i (siricily. 
 to call the gods to w-ilness) : he p.s thai 
 he ivill die either by the hands of the 
 soldiers or his own, aut militum se 
 manibus aut suis moriturum obtcstatur, 
 Tac. H. J, 10 Suet. (Not in this sense 
 in Cic.) 2. la'e. protestor, i • Apul. 
 3. assevero, I (to assert positively) : 
 Cic. Att. 10, 14 : Suet. See also To 
 AFFresi. (Or expr. by. deos testari, to 
 appeal to the gods ; jurare, to sutar, etc : 
 also sometimes the frequentatives cla- 
 niito, dictiio, may serve, the iteration 
 denoting emphasis and earnestness : cf. 
 Plin. Ep. 4, II. 7.) II. To protest 
 against: 1. interpello, 1 (strictly to 
 interrupt ; hence, to interfere in order 
 to prevent something being done) : he 
 ordered M. Cat", on his p.ing against 
 (nhat iras licing dtme) to t>e removed 
 from the senaie-house, M. Catonem In- 
 terpellanteni extralii curia Jussit, SucL 
 Caes. 20: cf. Ijv. 4, 4?, ntfd; tnbunii 
 interregem interjicUantibus ne S. C 
 HereL 2. obnuntio, i (to report un- 
 favourable signs or mnens, alleged as 
 rendering illegal the transaction of pub- 
 587
 
 PROTEST 
 
 PROVEBB 
 
 P ROV ID ED 
 
 lie business : with dot.): he (Bibulus) 
 did nothing else but p. by edicts, nihil 
 aliud quam per edicta obnuntiavit [legi- 
 bns, etc.], Suet. Caes. 20. 3. of the 
 tribunes, intercedo, ssi, ssum, j (to in- 
 terpose the veto) : Cic. : Liv. 4. espr. 
 by circuml., p.ing against the illegal 
 proceeding, ♦deos testans (obtestatus) 
 haec contra leges fieri ; male sibi precans 
 ni haec contra leges flant. 
 
 protest (subs.): expr. by verb: in 
 Spite of the p. of tine tribunes, •iiivitls 
 atque inlerpellaiiiibus tribunis: to enter 
 a p., interpellare, intercedere, etc. ; v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 Protestants : *Protestantes, ium 
 (qui dicuntur) : cf.Conf. Augustan, pref. 
 extr., de quo hie etiam sollenniter et 
 publice protestamur (the name was ori- 
 ginally a cant term). But usu. better 
 expr. by circuml.: as, *ii qui Homanae 
 tCatholicae] ecclesiaf (Pontiticis Romani) 
 auctoritatem negant, repudiant. (N'.B. 
 — By no means use protestans, sing., as 
 subs., but expr. by circuml.) 
 
 Protestantism : *Pr6tesUntismus 
 (qui dicitur). 
 
 protocol : expr. by acta, orum : v. 
 urauTB, subs. (III.). 
 
 protomartyr : *primus martyr. 
 
 protoplast: expr. by, protoplastus, 
 a, uni (T7pcuT67rAo<rTos) Tert. 
 
 prototype : exemplar, arls, n. : v. 
 rATiEKN. (Or expr. by Gr. irpwTOTvro?, 
 
 -OJ'.) 
 
 protract: 1. "lico. x'- ctum, j; 
 
 top. a war, bellum d., Caes. B. G. i, j8: 
 Cic. : more fully (stronger), bellum lon- 
 gius d., Caes. B. C. i, 64. Also, pro- 
 duce, J : Cic- : Hor. 2. prorogo, 1 : 
 
 V. TO PROLONG. 
 
 protracted («di) •• diuturnus, 
 
 longus : V. LONG. 
 
 protrude: I. Trans.: protrudo, 
 
 J : v. TO THRUST FORWARD. ||. 1 n- 
 
 trans.: emineo, promineo, 2: v. to 
 
 PROJECT. 
 
 protruding (.a^j-) •• eminens : v. 
 projecting. 
 
 protrusion: expr. by verb: v. to 
 protrude. 
 
 protuberance: 1. gibber, ens, 
 m. ; gibbus, i, m. ; gibba, ae,f. (« hump) : 
 the form glliber occurs Plin. 8, 4;, "jo 
 6 171) (cf. adj. gibberosus); gibba. Suet. 
 Dom. extr. (where it appears to denote 
 a lump rather than a proper hump) ; 
 gibbus, Juv. 10, joq. 2. tuber, eris, 
 n. (a lump, or other similar graivth on 
 a living body) : Plin. 8, 18, 26 (where it 
 is used of the camel's double hump, 
 bina t.) : ib. 8. 45, 7° } 179 {on a kind 
 of oxen'). Dimin., tuberculum, Gels. : 
 f'lin. See also swelling, subs. Having 
 a p., gibberosus, gibbus (v. humped); 
 tuberosus (rare) : Varr. : Petr. 
 
 protuberant: v. projecting (adj.). 
 
 proud : 1. silperbus (haughty, 
 
 arrogant) : Cic: Caes. Fig., in good 
 sense : a people p (jyroudly great) in 
 uar, populus bello s., Virg. Aen., i, 21 : 
 Hor. (N.B. — Superbus fc) usu. stronger 
 than the Eng., and conveys a worse 
 sense: cf. epith. Tarquinius Superbus, 
 nearly = tyrannical.) 2. arrogans : 
 V. arrogant. (FastSsus, scornful, dis- 
 dainful, rare.) To be p.: (1). superbio, 
 4 (the thing of which one is proud in 
 abl.) : to be p. of the name of an an- 
 cestor, nomine avi s., Ov. M. 11, 218: 
 ■Prop. : also absol., Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 94 (to 
 lie high and mighty, disdainful). (2). 
 espr. by eftero, j, irr., with pron. reft, 
 (to be elated) : to be overuecningly p. 
 (elated), insolenter se ef., Cic. Tuse. 4, 
 17, jg: V. TO elate; pride oneself. 
 (3). jacto, I (with pron. refl.): v. to 
 
 PRIDE ONESELF. 
 
 proud-flesh: "fungus or proud- 
 flesh " (Arbuthnot in Johnson) : *caro 
 fungosa : or perh. caro supercrescens, 
 Cels. 5, 22, I (R. and A.): cf. ib. $ 2, 
 putris caro (i. e. gangraena). 
 
 proudly: 1. superbe (haughtily) : 
 Cic: Cat-s. 2. ins61enter (overween- 
 Ingly): Cic. Tusc 4, 17, J9: Caes. 3. 
 magiiifice (making much of oneself, in 
 a high and mighty way : Gr. cre/uLfus) : 
 588 
 
 Cic. R. Com. 2, 5 ; Liv. To act p., super- 
 hire, superbum se praebere, nimis se 
 efferre, lactare : v. proud. 
 
 prove: A. Trans.: |. To 
 
 test: experior, 4: v. to try. ||, To 
 render certain by evidence, argument, 
 etc. : 1, probo, i (to make good, sub- 
 stantiate) : he p.s to them that the thing 
 is perfecth/ easy, pertacile factu esse 
 illis probat, Caes. B. G. 1, j : this is hard 
 top., hoc difficile est probatu, Cic Tusc. 
 ;, I, 2: to p. (substantiate) a charge, 
 crimen p., id. Fl. 37, 9} : Ov. 2. 
 d5ceo, 2 (to show or inform in any way): 
 more exactly, argumentis docere, Cic. 
 N. D. i, 4, 9 : and again, argumentis et 
 rationibus, id. Div. 2, 1 1, 27. (But doceo 
 is often = simply, to inform.) 3. 
 
 eflficio, feci, fectum, i (to make out by 
 argument) : he seeks to p. that the soul 
 is mortal, vult e. animos esse mortales, 
 Cic. Tusc. 1 , 5l./«- Esp. in pass., effici- 
 tur, it is p.d, it follons : witli ace. and 
 ijif., or ut and subj. (id. N. I). }, 12, jo). 
 4. vinco, vici, victum, } (a strong 
 expr., to p. triumphantly or irrefra- 
 gably : cf. Gr. o A670S icaSaipei) : if I 
 show (that it was not done) by Avitus, J 
 p. conclusi-vely that it was by oppiani- 
 cics, si doceo non ab Avito, vinco ab 
 Oppianico, Cic. Clu. 2J. 64: Hor. 5. 
 coufirmo, i (to establish, make out surely 
 and certainly) : top.ouroiim (position) 
 by arguments, c. nostra argumentis et 
 rationibus, Cic. de Or. 2, 19. 80: Quint. 
 (Contirmo refers rather to the manner 
 of proof, as strong and conclusive, than 
 simply to the fact of demmistration. 
 Hence it camiot be used of mathematical 
 proof.) So also firmo, i : Cic. Fat 5, 11. 
 (N.B. — Demonstro, monstro, signify sim- 
 ply to point out, ftate, shoiv ; and do not 
 necessarily imply argument.) |||. To 
 show, give practical proof of sometliing ; 
 esp. with pron. rejt. 1. praebeo, 2 
 (with pron. refl. = to show oneself ) : he 
 p.d himself merciful (= behaved merci- 
 fully), misericordem se praebuit, Cic. 
 Caec. 10, init. Without pron. refl. : he 
 has p.d himself a vigorous fellow, stre- 
 nuum hominein praebuit, Ter. Ph. j, l, 
 12. 2. praesto, stiti, stitum and 
 
 statum, I ; fut. part, praestaturus : to 
 p. oneself invincible, se invictum p.. Ov. 
 Tr. 4, io, 104 : Sen. : cf. TO exhibit 
 (II.). 3. exhibeo, 2 (with direct ace. 
 denoting tlie character evinced) : to p. 
 oneself a real statesman, vere cis-ilem 
 virum ex., Quint. 12, 2, 7 : Just. (Not 
 in Cic). B. In trans., to turn out 
 in practice or trial : 1. of persons, 
 expr. by praebeo, praesto, etc : v. supr. 
 (III.). 2. of things, expr, by esse, 
 with dat. of result (see L. G. } 297) ; 
 also fieri, factum esse: what a calamity 
 over sell-confidence is wont to p., nimia 
 fiducia quantae calamitati soleat esse, 
 Nep. Pel. J, init. .- a spacious house ps 
 a disgrace to its owner, ampla domus 
 dedecori domino fit, Cic. Off. i, J9, 1 59. 
 3. evado, si, sum, } (to issue in a 
 certain vay) : I fear this joy may p. 
 ill-founded, vereor ne haec laetitia vana 
 evadat, Liv. 2J, 12, vied.: Cic: v. to 
 turn out. 4. where the reference is 
 to a search, expr. by inveniri, reperiri 
 (to be found to be so and so) : v. to 
 
 FIND. 
 
 proven, not: uon liquet: short- 
 ened, N. L. : Cic. Clu. 28. 76^ Gell. 
 
 provender : for cattle, pabiilum : V. 
 FODDER. Of soldiers, logo in search of p., 
 pabulari, Caes. B. C. i , 59 : v. to foiiag e. 
 See also fi )od. 
 
 proverb ; 1. proverbium : a com- 
 mon p., tritum sermone p., Cic. Off. i, 
 10, }J : to pass into a p., in proverbii 
 consuetudinem venire, id. Off. 2, 15 ./i?i.; 
 in p. venire, Liv. 40, 46, med. : so, to be 
 a p., esse in proverbio, Cic. Verr. 2, i, 
 20, 5 J. 2, rarely, verbum, in such a 
 phr. as verum est verbum, it is a true p., 
 PI. True. 4, 4, i 2 : Ter. Phr.: (of verj- 
 common use), as the p. is, according to 
 the p., ut aiunt, Cic. de Or. 2, 57, 2jj : 
 Hor. : or simply, aiunt, Ter. Andr. 4. 5, 
 10 : and less freq. quomodo aiunt, Cic 
 in Pis. 28, 69; and quod aiunt, I'rop. 
 
 proverbial : expr. by proverbium; 
 to become p. (of a saying), in proverbium 
 increbrescere, Liv. 3, 8, med. : also, in 
 proverbium venire, etc. • a p. saying, 
 quod proverbii loco dici solet, Cic. Pli. 
 i{, 12, fin. (Proverbialis, late ancj 
 rare : Gell. 2, 22, med., versus p., a p. 
 line, a line which has parsed into a 
 proverb.) 
 
 proverbially : expr. by in proverbio 
 esse, quod in proverbium increbruit, 
 etc : v. preced. artt. (Proverbialiter, 
 late : Amm. : Sid.) 
 
 provide: A, Trans. : I, To 
 procure beforehand : 1. paro, I (to get 
 ready) : p. whatever is necessary to be 
 p.d, quod parato opus est, para, Ter. 
 Andr. j, 2, 4J ; top. a refuge for old age, 
 subsidium senectuti p., Cic. Atu i, 10, 
 med. So comps. comparo, praeparo, i : 
 V. to PREPARE. 2. provideo, vidi, 
 sum, 2 (foil, by dat. or ace. of object; 
 also de and abl. : strictly, to take thought 
 for, hence by implication, to procure) 
 to p. provisions (for an army), rei frn» 
 mentariae p., Caes. B. G. 5, 8 : also, rem 
 frumentariam p., id. B. G. 6,9; de re 
 frumentaria p., id. B. C. j, 34. (N.B. — 
 The accusative only should be used in 
 the case of a neut. pron., e. g. ea quae 
 ad usum navium pertinent p., id. B. G. 
 J, 9: Cic) 3. in familiar lang., video, 
 2 : to p. a meal for any one, prandium 
 alicui videre, Cic. Att. 5, i : Ter. : cf. Cia 
 Att. 16, I, navem idoneam ut habeaa 
 dUigenter videndum est (= you must be 
 careful to provide). ||, To supply: 
 praebeo, 2 : v. to furnish, supplt. 
 B. In trans. : |. To make pro- 
 vision : expr. by provideo, consUlo, 
 with dat. of person expressed : cf. Cic 
 N. D. I, 2, 4, [a. Diis] vitae hominum 
 consuli et provideri : cf. foil. artt. |L 
 To enact, require ; as a legal document 
 does ; Jubeo, 2 : v. to direct, REijniaE. 
 
 against : 1. provideo. 2 ; 
 
 foil, by lie quid . . . , Liv. j6, 17, ad fin. 
 (where providere atque praecavere are 
 joined). Also video may be used : vi- 
 dendum est ne . . . , ice must p. against .... 
 Cic. Off. I, 14, 42. 2. caveo, pra©- 
 caveo, 2 : v. guard, subs. (I., Phr. ii.). 
 3. expr. by praemiinio, 4 (to fortify 
 beforehand), with prom, rejl., or as pass. : 
 ct'. Suet. Cal. 29, metu venenorum prae- 
 muniri medicamentis. 4. lugio, fiigi, 
 fugitum, J : V. TO avoid. 
 
 for : 1. expr. by provideo, 2 
 
 (with dat.) : to p. for the welfare of all 
 citizens, conditioiii omnium civium p., 
 Cic. CoeL 9. 22 : or with ace. of neut. 
 pron. : cf. L. G. } 25}. 2. praecaveo, 
 2 (to p. for, in the way of obviating} : 
 v. TO provide agaixst. Phr. : the 
 safety of the Saguntines is p.d for, 
 Saguntiiiis cavetur, Liv. 21, 18, med. 
 
 with : instruo, j : v. to furnish. 
 
 provided (part, and adj.) : in- 
 structus, refertus (well-provided), prae- 
 ditus: v.fcknished. (Instruclus is used 
 quite as adj., and compared, instruclior, 
 instructlssimus : Cic.) Phr.: to be 
 abundantly p. with anything, abundare 
 aliqua re, Cic Sen. 16, 56 : somewhat 
 less strong is, suppetere, id. Cat. 2, 11, 
 
 25- 
 
 provided («o»j.) .• 1. dummodo 
 (with subj.): they care for nothing, p. 
 only they gain power, omnia negligunt, 
 d. potentiam consequantur, Cic. Otf. 3, 
 21, init. : Ov. Also as two words, dum 
 .... modo (infreq.) : Ter. Eun. 2, }. 28 
 (dum patiar modo;. )n a negative sen- 
 tence, dummodo ;= jnorided that . . . not : 
 Cic de Or. j, 48, 185. 2. dum (with 
 subj,) : Cic. Fui. 5, 29, extr., et saepe : 
 Ter. ; Quint. Dum ne =:p. that . . . not, 
 Cato Pv. R. 5, med. : Cic. 3. ni6do 
 (only let . . . with subj. : in animated 
 language): the nuintcU faculties remain, 
 p. zeal and application remain, manent 
 ingenia, modo permaneat studium atque 
 industria, Cic Sen. 7, 22 : id. Br. 16, 64 : 
 modo ne r p. that . . . 'not : id. Off. i, jo^ 
 105. (Modo si, Ov. Tr. j, 26} : hardly 
 in prose.) 4. in legal documents, ea 
 lege, ea couditiune (R. and A.) . T 
 
 TRRMS.
 
 PRO VI DENCE 
 
 PROVOKINGLY 
 
 PRUDENTLY 
 
 providence : provldentia {fore- 
 hmtght, precaution) : used by Sen. ot 
 'Jie Deity, N. Q. 2, 4; : cf. treatise, l>- 
 Providentia, inil. Or expr. by verb : 
 Ae whose p. watches oner this world, 
 (ille) ciijus consilio buic mutido pro- 
 vldetur. Sen. 1. c. : there is a p. which 
 watches over man, *tst homo |)is (Deo) 
 curae; profecto curat regitque bumana 
 Deu.s. 
 
 provident: 1. provldus ( /ore- 
 teeing and exercising care for the 
 future) : p. and ingenious Nature, p. 
 eollersque Natura, Cic. N. I), z, S'p 
 /in. : Ov. Join: cautus providusque ; 
 consultrix et provlda [Natura], Cic. 
 2. cautus, circumspectus (less close 
 
 to Ellg): V. CAUTIOUS, ClUCUHSrECT. 
 
 (Muitum providciis, Cic. Fam. 6, 6, med., 
 z^ penetrating, far-setiiig.) 
 
 providential: expr. by oUik divi- 
 nitus (of divine origin) ; to appear to 
 be p., d. accidisse videri, Cic. I'art. 2}, 
 fm.: V. foil. art. I'hr. : this appeared 
 p., "quod l)eorum(r)ei)beneficio tactum 
 esse videbatur: v. interi-osition (fin). | 
 
 providentially : diviniius (coming 
 
 from the go'is) ; acciiientaUy or p.,casa 
 quodam an d.. Suet. CI. ij, fin. Most p., 
 •suninao Dei beneficio consilloque : cf. 
 preced. art. 
 
 providently : provide (rare) : Plin. 
 10, }}, 50 (= thoughtfully, carefully). 
 More fre<i. expr. by adj. : cf. L. G. } }4J ; 
 or by modal abl., provida cura : see also, 
 
 CABEFULLT. 
 
 provider : expr. by verb : v. to pro- 
 vide. (ParOchus = purveyor, q. v.) 
 
 providing (conj.) .- v. provided 
 (canj.). 
 
 province : I. District .- 1, pro- 
 vincia (an acquired territory; not a 
 ■part of the original state) : passim. 
 Belonging to, of a /% provincialis, e : 
 Oc. : Tac. 2. legio, onis, /. (a dis- 
 trict ; not under a separate governor like 
 provincia: the most suitable word for 
 modern general sense) : cf. Liv. 4?, 29, 
 med., where aiacrdonia, not yet made a 
 provincia, is divided into four ygiuns 
 (regiones). ||, Duty, task: 1. pro- 
 vincia: Ter. Ph. i, 2, 22 (duram cepisti 
 p., a difficult duty); Cic. SulL 18, fin. 
 2. off icium : v. duty. 3. after 
 verb to be, expr. by simple gen. : it is 
 the p. of the judge, judicis est, etc. : 
 L. G. i 266. 
 
 provincial (a^j) ■• provincialis, e : 
 Cic. y. Kr. I, I, 15 (p. administratio) : 
 used very miKh as we use provincial 
 opp. metropolitan, Tac. Agr. 4 (p. par- 
 einionia, provincial habits of economy). 
 
 provincial (subs.) -. provincialis, is : 
 •nsu. pi., Cic. (4. Kr. 1, i, 5: also siH.<r.i 
 Plln. Ep. 9, 25, 2 (Italicus an p.). Or 
 expr. by circuml., provinciae incola, qui 
 in provincia doniicilium habet. 
 
 provincialism: in lang., diaiectus 
 
 or -OS i, /. ; II hat odious p. was that, 
 quaenam ilia tain molesta d. esset. 
 Suet. Tib. 56. Phr. : that is a Nortti- 
 country p., *verbum [genus loquendi] 
 lllud septentrionales partes incolentiuin 
 proprium : let him avoid all pjs, ♦fugi- 
 enda sunt illi quaeciinque verba lantum 
 singulis quibusdam regionibus feruntur 
 (usurpantur) : a I'atavian p., Patavi- 
 nitas, Pollio in Quint, i , ;, 56 : a cuun- 
 try p., rusticitas (oris, sennonis), cf. Quint. 
 
 II. h JO. 
 
 provision : \. ^ct of providing : 
 expr. by provideo, 2 : v. to provide. 
 
 II. Engagement, security : expr. by 
 caveo, 2 (to make p., by formal state- 
 vient): Liv. 21, 18, rtud. : v. secukitv. 
 
 III. An arrangement, esp. for the 
 benefit of swne person or thing : Phr.: 
 It is a p. of Aature, est autem a Natura 
 oomparatuni (R. and A.) ; Ita a Natura 
 provisum et comparatum est : mart the 
 %vise p.s of Nature, •contemplare quam 
 provida soUertique cura omnia a Natura 
 digesta sint. |V. foixl. v. provisions. 
 
 provisional: I'hr. : a p. govern- 
 ment, peril. *t€mporaril magistralus (cf. 
 Plin. Pan. 91, teiiiporarium et subitum): 
 or expr. by circuml. 'ii quos penes, teni- 
 poris gratifi (ad tempus) summa reipub- 
 
 llcae (rerum) est, quibus ad tempus 
 summa rerum committitur. (Impcrium 
 fiduclarium. Curt 5, 9, med., is a dele- 
 gated power, held as a trust.) 
 
 provisionally : perh. ad tempus, 
 cf. Tac. .V. 1. ntit. ; or, temporis gratiA 
 (s. causA), Curt. 5, 9, med. (praefectum 
 regionis, Bessum, regeni tempurls gratia 
 statuemus). Phr.: these hold office p., 
 until magistrates can be regularli/ ap- 
 pointed, *hi potestatcm tenent donee 
 Justi magistratus creentur. 
 
 provisions : 1. cTbus, ailmentum : 
 V. Fix ID, .nourishment. 2. "" » lurgi? 
 scale, as for an army, res frumentaria : 
 Cic. Verr. }, 5, 1 1 : Caes. pass. Also 
 simply, frumentum (as the main staff 
 of life): cf. Caes. B. G. I, 48, frumento 
 commeataque Caesarem intercludere. 
 3. commeiitus, (is (supplies J or an 
 army; used sing, and pi.) : to gather in 
 p.s from the com lands, commeatum ex 
 arvis convehere, Liv. 2, 14 : p.s imported 
 by sea, c. maritlmi, id. 5, 54, rned. : more 
 definitely, [magni] commeatus frumeiui, 
 id. 28, 4, exlr. (N.B. — Also includes 
 whatever supplies are needed for an 
 army • v. Smith's l>at. Diet. s. v.) 4. 
 clbaria, oruui (vidiuils : with reference 
 to immediate consumption ; whereas, 
 res frumentaria is the eutiie commis- 
 sariat) : scarcity of p.s (in a town), 
 cibariorum inopia, Caes. B. G. }, 18 : cf. 
 ib. I. 5, triuin mensium moUta clbaria 
 (ready-ground com or p.s). 5. victus, 
 lis (living, ordinary means of sustain- 
 ing life) : the greater part of their p.s 
 
 consists in msyor pars victus eorum 
 
 In consistit.Caes. B. G. 6, 22. Phr.: 
 
 to coUect p.s (from a country), frumen- 
 tari, Caes. pass. : scarcity of p.s, inopia 
 frumentaria, id. B. G. 5, 24. 
 
 proviso : expr. by caveo, 2 : v. pro- 
 vision (II.). 
 
 provocation : expr. by, irritare, con- 
 tumeliose dicere, contumelii afflcere : v. 
 to provoke, insult. Sometimes contu- 
 melia (alone) comes very close to Eng. : 
 to receive great p., magnam c. accipere, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 10 : v. insult. (Provo- 
 catio = right of appeal.) 
 
 provocative: expr. by verb: v. to 
 
 PKOVOKK. 
 
 provoke : I. I'o call forth, occa- 
 sion : 1. cieo, civi, dtum, 2 ; esp. in 
 medicine, to p. evacuation, alvum c, 
 Plln. 20, 9, }8. 2. mOveo, movi, turn, 
 2; to p. any one's laughter rather thati 
 anger, risum allcui magis quam sto- 
 machum m., Cic. Att. 6, j : Quint. : v. 
 TO EXCITE. In same sense, commOveo, 
 2 : to p. great hatred against any one, 
 magnum odium in aliquem c, Cic. Inv. 
 1 , 54, 1 o J \\. To ii-ritate, make angry : 
 1. irrito, i : top. by force and assail 
 with the sivord a most valiant man, vi 1. 
 ferroque lacessere forlissimum vinim, 
 (Sc. Mil. }i. 84 : to p. people to u-ar, 
 animos (hominum) ad bellum i., Liv. 
 ;i. 5, med. : also, iracundiam i., Sen. Ir. 
 J, 8, 2. 2. m6veo, 2 (scarcely su 
 
 strong sis P^ng.) : I saw the man wasp.d 
 ("nettled"), intellexi hominem moveri, 
 Cic. Att. I, 14, 4: to p. Diana, numina 
 Dianae m., Hor. Epod. i-], j. So, com- 
 moveo, 2 (strengthened from simi)le 
 verb): Hor. S. 2, i, 45 (qui me com- 
 morit, flebit !). 3. concito, i : e. g. 
 in arma, ad vim, etc. : v. to stir up. 
 4. expr. bj' stdmachus. i, m., and a 
 verb ; to p. any one, s. allcui movere, 
 Cic. Att. 6, J ; faccre, ib. ;, 11. So with 
 biUs, is,/. ; e. g. bllem alicui commovere, 
 ib. 2, 7, med. 5. '" pass. : exardesco, 
 irascor (to be p.d) : v. angrt, to be. 
 (N.B. — Not provoco in this sense: v. 
 ro challenge.) |||. 7*0 fcod mi to any- 
 thing : 1. allicio, llllcio, lexi, ctum, j : 
 V. TO entice, allure. (Usu. of leading 
 to that which is bad; always, of tlie 
 leading of pleasure.) 2. incfto, i : 
 
 V. TO INCITE, stimulate. 
 
 provoking (adj.) .- mOlestus ; ad sto- 
 machum alicui inovcnduiu aptus ; Odi- 
 osus; etc. : v. tkoubli-^somk, vjuxatious. 
 Phr.: it is p. (vexing, disagreeable), 
 piget : V. vexed, to be. 
 
 provokingly: MiOse: Aeschinus i$ 
 
 p. Umg, Aeschinus c. cesrat ! Ter. Ad. 4 
 2, 49. Or expr. by plir., *qiiod humiiii 
 velmiti stomachuni moveal ; quod btlem 
 merito commoveat. 
 provost: *praefectus; praepSsItus am 
 
 CUi rel: v. governor, STPKRIMflM'KNT. 
 
 prow : prora (Gr. n-p<upa) : Caes. B G. 
 J, ij: Plin.: Virg. Also, pars prior 
 navjs (Kr.). 
 
 prowess: virtus: v. valour. Phr.: 
 of gyat pers'/nal p., manu fortis, Nep. 
 Epam }. 
 
 prowl : I. For prey or booty t 
 
 praedor, I : Virg. G. i, i ?o (prsedari 
 lupos Jussit) : v. TO plunder. II, In 
 gen. sense, to roam about : vigor, Oberro. 
 
 etc.: V. TO WANDER. 
 
 prowler: praedator: v. plunderer. 
 
 proximate : proximus : v. near, 
 NEAKh>T. Phr. : pr. causes, causae ad- 
 juvantes, antecedentes, proximae, Cic. 
 Fat. 18, 41 ; opp. causae perfectae et 
 principals (R. and A). 
 
 proximately : perh. ex proximo ; 
 ut causa aiitecedens el proxima (only in 
 phil. lang.) v. prea-d. art. 
 
 proximity: prOpinquitas : v. NEAR- 
 NESS. 
 
 proxy: I. Procuracy; delegaled 
 authority : expr. by procilr&tor : to act 
 by p., per procuratores (procuratorem, 
 in the case of a single person deputed) 
 agere, Cic. Att. 4, if), extr. (The com- 
 mon phr., per procurationem, is of mo- 
 dern coinage; the subs procuratio bavini; 
 no such limited sense.) Phr.: that is 
 a case in which one cannot act by p., 
 delegationem res ista non reciplt, Sen. 
 Ep. 27, } : / loill pay you my debt by p. 
 (tig.), delegabo tibi a quo fiat numeratio, 
 cl. ib. l8,_/!n. II. The ptrson who acts 
 for another : \, prOciirat<)r(gen. term 
 to denote one who acts for another) : 
 Cic: V. supr. 2. vicarius: v. sup- 
 STiTUTE. (Or expr. by verb, res alicnas 
 prucuiare; allena vice fungi, etc.: R. 
 and .t^. III. .4 vote placed tn the 
 
 hands of another: expr. by suffragium 
 alienum ; suffragium alteri delegare, etc. 
 
 prude : perh. tetrlca puella s. muller : 
 cf. Ov. A. A. I, 721 (yet the sense there 
 is severe or puritanical rather than 
 prudish). Or e.\pr. by circuml., *pulida 
 quadam pudicitiae ostentatione mulier; 
 aSectatae cujusdani severitatis mulier. 
 
 prudence : 1. prudentia (a more 
 comprehensive and profound word than 
 Eng. ^Gr. <t>p6yr)(ri<;' it includes well- 
 grounded knowledge, especially of things 
 good and tlieir oppij.Htes : it also occurs 
 in the more limited sense : cf. Cic. Sen. 
 6, extr., where it is the antithesis of 
 temeritas ; 1. e. wise sagacity opp. to 
 recklessness and thoughtlessness): p. in 
 private affairs is usiudly called domestic, 
 p. in suis rebus domestica appellari solet, 
 Qc. Part. 22, 76 cl. id. OlT. i. 40, 141. 
 where prudentia is spoken of as a knoiv- 
 ledge of opportunity. 2. siplentia: 
 V. WISDOM. 3. circumspectio (rare): 
 Join: circumspectio et accurala consi- 
 deratio, Cic. Ac. 2, 1 1, j? (where however 
 07! act of mind rather than a quality 
 is spoken of). 4. e^pr- ^S "'^'''- "j' 
 consultus, considfiratus (conip. L. G. 
 6558): he shooed nop. or foretJiougl.l, 
 *nlhil in eo consuiti nee coiisiderall erat; 
 omnia teraere inconsulteque agebantur. 
 Sec also caution. 
 
 prudent: 1. consldfratus (u^eO- 
 considered : hence, judicious, prudent) : 
 to call (a jierstm) sbnv instead of p. 
 (or deliberate), tardum pro cousiderato 
 vocare, Liv. 22, J9. ./in. 2. providua 
 (seeing brfort-hand, gifted with Jore- 
 thoug'ht): Join: providus cautusque, 
 Cic. R. Am. 40, 11" 3. cautus (uxxry): 
 V. cautious. 4. ptud. ns, ntis (like 
 prudentia, often referring to deOnita 
 knowledge rather than what we call 
 prudence ; yet sometimes used nearly 
 as Eng.) : cf. Cic Fam. 4, 14, nud. : v. 
 sagacious. 5. circumspectus : v. cir- 
 cumspect. 
 
 prudential: perh. bene oonsIdCratua. 
 
 prudently : 1. considerate (after 
 
 due constaeraiion) : Cic. AtL 9, 2, med.: 
 
 Liv. 2. caute: v. cactiolsly. Sk 
 
 589
 
 PRUDERY 
 
 PUBLICATION 
 
 PUDDING 
 
 consulte (not coiisulto, which = ore pur- 
 pose): Join: caute aique consulte, Liv. 
 22 j8 fin. 4. circumspecte (lale) : 
 Qliint.': Gell. 5. expr. by odj. : hep. 
 concealed the rest of the plun from the 
 people, *pnidens (sapiens) reliquum con- 
 silium populum celavit: of. L. G. } J4!. 
 prudery : *affectaU quaedam pudi- 
 citia; prava" pudicitiae ambilio s. osten- 
 tatio. 
 pmdisli : v. pkudr, prudery. 
 prudishly : *a£fectata quadam pudi- 
 citia; non sine prava pudicitiae osten- 
 tatione : v. prl-dk. 
 
 prune (subs.) .- a dried plum : "pru- 
 Bum conditum. 
 prune («.)•■ I. 1^1-, 1-P"^'- 
 
 to p. trees with the knife, arbores falce p.. 
 Cato R. K. 52 Virg.: Col. Comps. (1). 
 deputo, I (to p. down, esp. tu cut Mcay 
 the growing shoots freely) : Cato K. K. 
 49: Col. II, 2, med. (2). ampilto, i (to 
 p. atvay, lop off; used with ref. both to 
 the tree, and to the lopped-off blanches) ; 
 top. a vine, vitem ferro a., Cic. Sen. 15, 
 52 : top. away usi-kss branches, inutiles 
 ramos lalce a., Hor. Epod. 2, i?. (3). 
 jnterputo, 2 Qop out bianches here and 
 there) : Cato K. R. 5° (ficos interputare) : 
 Col. 2, purgo, I {to clear off anything/ 
 superflwMS, as excessive leafage, etc.) : 
 cf. Cato R. R. 65, oleam/ofiis et stercore 
 purgare. So interpurgo, to cleanse or 
 clear here and there. Plin. 3. decac- 
 umino, I {by snipping off the ends oj 
 In-andies and shoots) : Col. 4, 1. fn. 
 (pampinum d., to remove the growing 
 end of a shoot). 4, pampino, I (u/ mnes, 
 to remove superfluous slwots and teii- 
 drils) : top. a vine, vitem p., Varr. R. K. 
 I, II, inil. : Col. Rarely ot oth -r rees, 
 Col. 4, Ji (ot willotis). (N.B.— Inler- 
 lucare arbores = to thin them.) l\. 
 Fig.; to rtmove what is redundant in 
 expression .- 1. amputo, 1: I like 
 there to be something in (the style oJ ) a 
 young man for me top. aaay, volo esse 
 in adolescehte unde aliquid aniput^m, 
 Cic. de Or 2, 21, 88. 2. rfiseco, ui 
 sectum, 1 . you must p. away as much 
 of it as is necessary, tu haec, quantum 
 ratio exegerit, reseca, Plin. 2, 5, 4. 3. 
 recido, di, sum, { : to p. away showy 
 ornaments, ambitiosa ornamenta r., Hor. 
 A P 441 : yuint. 12, 10, 52. 4. a 
 somewhat different figure is, repnmo, 
 j: cf. Cic. Br. 91, fin. [Molo] dedit 
 operam ut nimis redundantes nos re- 
 primeret, et quasi extra ripas dif- 
 ftuentes coerceret. 
 
 pruner: 1. putator: Pim. 21. 8, 
 
 45: Varr. (Frondator, wte ic/ioaaf/ieis 
 the young twigs and leaves for goats, 
 etc) 2 of vines, pampinator : Col. 
 
 pruning (subs^ .• 1. patatio (ar- 
 
 borum, vitiura) ; Cic. de Or. i, 58, 249. 
 Also, (sarmentorum) amputatio, id. Sen. 
 15, 5 J. 2. pampinatio (of vines); 
 Col. 4. 6, init'. (For syn., see verb.) 
 
 pruning-kmfe: falx. fermm: V. 
 TO PKONK (examples). For bg. sense, 
 expr. by amputo, rgsgco, recido : bril- 
 liant passages, but needing the p., *spleii- 
 dida quaedam, sed quae quasi amputantis 
 manum desiderare videntur : v. to prdne 
 
 (11). ^ ... 
 
 prurience: * prava quaedam m li- 
 bidines animi inclinatio; quasi prurigo 
 quaedam rerum oljscaenarura. 
 
 prurient; lascivus, Ubidinosus: V. 
 LASCIVIOUS. Or expr. by prurio, 4; 
 priirigo, iiiis,/. : cf. Mart. 88, 2. 
 
 pry • 1. rimor, i (trans.) : he p.s 
 into the breasts of chickens, pectora pul- 
 lorum riuialur, Juv. 6, $$i: to p. about 
 the meadows (for food), prata r , Virg. G. 
 I, $84: to p. into every body s secrets, 
 secreta omnium r., Tac. A. 6, J. 2. 
 scriitor, perscrfitor, i : v. to search. 
 3. explore, I : V. TO explore, spy 
 
 OUT. _ ^_^ ,. 
 
 prying (adj.)j perh. f '•"t^to'- {. 
 -trix ; inspector,/, -tnx : cf. L.tr. 9 598. 
 psalm : psalmus : Vulg. 
 psalmist: 1. psalmista: Hier 
 2 (isalmographus : Pert. (Or expr. 
 by clrcuml., psalmi [psalmorum] scnp- 
 U>r, auctor.) 
 590 
 
 psalmody: * psalmorum s. hymn- 
 orura cantus : v. singing. 
 
 psalter: *psalterium: Hier.: tccl. 
 
 psaltery ; *psaUerium : Quint, i, 10, 
 }i ■■ Vulg. 
 
 pseudo- : (prefix) : so used in many 
 Latinised Greek words; as, pseudapo- 
 stolus, pseudonardus, pseudosmaragdus : 
 also with Latin proper names, e. g. 
 pseudo-Cato, Cic. Att. i, 14,. /in. Other- 
 wise, in words not taken from the Greek, 
 expr. by fictus, simulatus: v. false, 
 
 PRETENDED. 
 
 pshaw : perh. phui or phy ! Ter. A(t 
 J, i. 58. Or, apagg (z=away. get 
 along '.), which is often a verb govern- 
 ing ace. : v. Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 psychical: perb. »psychicus (Gr 
 iln^X^oO '"«rt.. Who uses the word 
 with ref. to the lower nature: cf. Vulg. 
 I Cor. XV. 44 (where \livx,iit6u is rendered 
 animate) : may however be used as 
 metaphys. lerm = relating to the mind 
 or soul. , _,, . 
 
 psychological : * psychoiegicus : 
 
 necessary as t. t. ; otherwise expr. by 
 circuml, ad anmium attinens ; or simply 
 gen. ca>e ol mentis, animi : a p. problem, 
 *quaestio in qua de mentis humanae 
 nalura legibusque ap;ilur. 
 
 psychologist: *psych0l6pacus : after 
 an 1. ol mathematicus, eic. Or expr by 
 circunil., *qui menieiu hominum inves- 
 tigat, etc. 
 
 psychology: -psycheiSgia; neces- 
 sary as t.t. , . 
 
 ptarmigan: *tetrao lagopus, Lmn. 
 (R, and A.). 
 
 puberty: pubertas: Suet. Dom i 
 (puliertatis tenipus). Having reached 
 the period of p.. pubes and piiber. eris : 
 until the age of p., ad pubeiem aetatem, 
 Liv. I. J, init. : esp. in pi., puberes, 
 persimsuho have attained p.: Caes. B.G. 
 5, <6 (omnes puberes tonvenire consue- 
 runt) : Sail. To reach p., pubesco, j : 
 Liv. 8, 8 (flos Juvenum pubfsceiitium 
 ad militiam): Virg. Aen. j, 491 (nunc 
 aequali pubesceretaevo). 
 
 public (a<y) •• I. Relating to tU 
 state : 1. publicus : saaijices p. and 
 private, sacriBcia p. ac privata, Caes. 
 B. G. 6, I J : p. land (the property oj the 
 people), agf r p. : v. Smith'.- Ant. p. '9, 
 sq. 2. expr. by lespubllca. rgipub- 
 liciie ; po'piilus : to spend one's life aloof 
 from p. affairs (politics), procul a re- 
 piiblica (or, re publica) aetatem agere, 
 Sail. Jug. J. init. : to turn out for the 
 p. good, populo [ptebiquej beue evenire, 
 Cic. Mur. init. Phr. : t>i o p. capacity, 
 publice : Caes. : Cic. : also, at the p. 
 expense: e. g. publice aliquem efferre 
 (to honour with a public funeral), Nep. 
 Dion, eitr. : to be maintained at the p. 
 expense, publice ali, id. Arist. fin. : Liv. 
 II. Not private or secret: Phr.: 
 to appear in p., prodire in publicum, 
 Cic. Verr. i, ?i,./i«. : he dares not appear 
 in p., in publico esse non audet, ib. 5, 
 }$, 92 : to take meals in p., in propatulo 
 vesci, Mela i, 19, med. : to speak in a p. 
 (much-frequented) or private place, cele- 
 bri an ^ecreto loco dicere. Quint. 1 1, i, 47 ; 
 in p., foris (opp. domi), Cic. Arch. 7, 16 : 
 also, in luce, Cic. Sen. 4, I2 (v. pub- 
 licity) : to make a matter p., rem foras 
 perferre, id. Coel. 2J, 57 = also, efferre, 
 Ter Ph. 5, •;. 65 (v. to publish); v. 
 C'MMON. III. Open for general use : 
 Phr. ; ai).i«a/A;,*ambulatioquaomnibus 
 uii licet: or perh. ambulatio publica. 
 
 public (subs.) : oft<>n expr. by h6m- 
 ines (v. people) : if the lower orders 
 be meant, vulgus, multitudo (v. multi- 
 tude) : on behalf of the p., publice, opp. 
 privatim, Caes. B. G. 5, 55 = '" be main- 
 tained by the p. (at the p. expense), 
 puWice all, Nep. Arist. ?. 
 
 public-house: caupona : v. INN. 
 See also tavern. 
 
 publican: I. Afanner of taxes: 
 publicanus : Cic. ||. An innkeeper : 
 caupo, onis : Cic. : Hor. 
 
 publication : I. taking public .- 
 expr. by foras efferre. etc. v. to pub- 
 lish, proclaim. Of a book, oditio : 
 Plin. Ep. I, 2, 5: v. TO publish (11 ). 
 
 II That which is published; a boo* 
 or treatise : liber, libellns : v. book. 
 
 publicist: "juris publici ac gentiun 
 peritus. 
 
 publicity : 1. celebritas (character 
 of a place which is much Jrequented or 
 thronged ; or the crowd itself) : I hate p. 
 J shun myfellmo-men, odi celebritatem, 
 fugio homines, Cic. Att. }, ^ : the near- 
 ness andp. of the place removes suspicion, 
 propinquitas et c. loci tollit suspicionem, 
 id. Siaur.^r. (Nizol.): to court p., in c. 
 versari, Nep (R. and A). 2. meton 
 lux, lucis, /. ; to unfold secret matters 
 and bring them into full p., res occultas 
 aperire et in lucem prolerre, Cic. Ac. 2, 
 19,62: in the J ull p. (day-light) of Asia, 
 in luce Asiae, id. ManiL }, 7. (Or expr. 
 by adj.. apertus, propaiulus, etc.: he 
 courts p.. *id agit ut ipse suaxjue omnia 
 quam maxime in apeno [in propatulo] 
 sint ; to give p. to an occurrence, *aliqnid 
 quam plurimis notum tacere : v. pubuc, 
 
 11. ; TO PUBLISH ) 
 
 publicly: •■ «. openly, before aU: 
 1. palam, aperte (often joi^ied) : v 
 OPENLY. 2. in publico (in a publit 
 place ; and so, by inference, publicly) : 
 Cic. Att. 8, 9 (epistolam in publico pro- 
 p(.neie). 3. propatiilo (before all, 
 Witt out privacy; making no secret of 
 uhat is none): Mela i, 19, m/^d.: SalU 
 4. fOriS: V. WITHOUT (cufw.). (N.B.— 
 Not pulrfice, which z=in a public car 
 pocity, on behalf of the state.) 
 
 publish: I. To make public, pro 
 claim : 1. effgro, extuli, elatiim, } : 
 top. anything abroad, aliquid in vulgum 
 (vulgus) ef., Cai'S. B. <i. 6, 14; also, ef. 
 tora-, I er. Ph. 5, "), 65 : also absol., top. 
 a matter, rem ef., Caes. B. G. 7, 2. 2. 
 also, piofgro, J : strengthened, palam p. 
 I Ter. Ad. j, 2, 41 ; in medium p., Cic 
 ' Fam. 15, 2: or absol.: Cic: Plin. min 
 3. patgfacio, J (to lay open, explore): 
 Cic. : v. TO REVEAL. 4. divulgo, I 
 (to make generally known) : to p. any 
 one's desiyns, consilia alicujus d., Caes. 
 B.C. I, 20: more fully, sermonibus d., 
 Cic. Font. 5, lo. (Promulgo = to give 
 formal public notice of something : as in 
 phr. to p. the banns of matrimony, perh. 
 •sponsalia [pactum nuptlale] promul- 
 gare.) ||. To issue a book . 1. edo, 
 dldi, ditum, j : to p. a speech, orationem 
 [scriptam, in MS. ; typis descriptam, in 
 print] e.. Sail. Cat. ji : Cic. Br. 5. i9- 
 2 emitto, misi, ssum, j (not in Cic, 
 the strict sense being rather to suffer to 
 issue than to send forth) : Suet. CaL JJ 
 (librum e.). 3. publico, I (late): 
 whether to p. or suppress, vel p. vel con- 
 tinere, Plin. Ep. i, 8, J. 4. divulgo, I 
 (to circulate generally) : I wish to p. 
 that work, volo eum (librum) d., Cic. Att. 
 12, 4°, 2. Pbr. : to have no objection to 
 p ,' non abhorrere ab editione, Plin. Ep. 
 I, 2, 5 : to be p.'d, e prelo exire : v. to 
 PRINT (I.). 
 
 public-spirited: "liberalis et qui 
 patriae civibusque cousulit. 
 
 publisher: I. one who mxikes 
 known ; praedicator, praeco : v. pro- 
 claimer. II. Issuer of a book : expr. 
 by sumptibus, impensis alicujus (librum 
 edere); or simply, apud, denoting the 
 publishing firm : see title-pages ot clas- 
 sical viorks, passim. 
 
 publishing (subs.): of a work. 
 editio : Plin. Ep. i, 2, 5. 
 
 puce: nearest word, purpureas : v. 
 purple. 
 pucker: corrugo, i : v. to WBiNKlB. 
 pudder : turba : v. row. 
 pudding: 'placentae genus aqua 
 coctum. (R. and A. give, globus ex 
 farina Britannorum more factus; but 
 this may equally denote a kind of cake; 
 nor is a pudding necessarily round: 
 Kr gives, after Lunemann, cibi genus 
 qui vocatur globus Anglicus, which may 
 serve very well for a plum-pudding.) 
 Yorkshire p.. * placentae genus, ex 
 ovis et carnis assae liquamine coctum. 
 Pro v. : the proof of the p. is in Die eat- 
 ing, exitus acta probat (R. and A.) : but 
 the phr. is very far Irom the point and 
 homeliness of the Eng.
 
 PUDDLE 
 
 PULL IN 
 
 PULLET 
 
 puddle (subt.): perh. lacuna: cf. 
 Virg. G. I, ii-j. A dirty, stinking p., 
 foetutina : Ni>n. 6j, j6. 
 
 puddle ("•) •■ '■ e- to stir and work 
 about : perh. siibigo, egi, uctuiii, ? (U> 
 knead or othenuise voik a .-ott sub- 
 atance): cf. Vltr. i, 4, extr., arena 'la- 
 ciUorum subacticnibus rccipii sulidi- 
 tatem. 
 
 puddler : perh. subactor : v. preced. 
 artt. 
 
 puddling {subs.) : perh. subactio • 
 ▼. preciKl. art. 
 
 puddly: •lacunis almndans. 
 
 puerile : 1. P'lfiriiis, h (not natu- 
 rally a ti-mi of THproaih) a p. opitiiov, 
 senteniia p., I'er. Ph. 5, 7, 56: (Jic. Att. 
 14, 21 (where virllis ami p. are op- 
 posed ; the former denoting strfngih 
 and vigour, the latter cInUltsh folly). 
 2. ineplus: v. biLLY. Jnap.ivay, 
 puerillter Cic. 
 
 puerility : ineptiae, arum (absur- 
 dities) : more precisely, pu'-riles ineptiie : 
 V. preced. art. Also, puenlilas (late): 
 Sen. Ep. 4, 2 (in wider sense, childiih- 
 ness). 
 
 puerperal: 'febrls puerperalis: as 
 med. 1. 1. (In non-niedic<il lang., use 
 febris quae purrperium sequitur; febris 
 ex puerperlo orla, etc.) 
 
 puff {subs.) : expr. by verb a p. of 
 wind displaced the leares *disjecit folia 
 levis ventus sublto immissus: u-ith a 
 gentle p. of smoke, "lumo leniter (per 
 ora)emisso: decrepit gladiators uhoma 
 p. of uind irould kuock dmvn, decrepiti 
 gladiatores quos si sufflasses cecldissent, 
 PetT. A^.fin. See also PUFFERY. 
 
 puff («•)•■ A. Trans.: |. To 
 drive air icith a sudden shock : perh. 
 ventuni (ventulum) subilo emittere : 
 V. preced. art. ||, To puff out; blow 
 out and inflate : 1. inflo, 1 : Phaedr. 
 I, 24, 4 ("f the frog in tlie fable) .- lop. 
 otU the cheeks (in passion), buccas int., 
 Hor. S. I, I, 21. 2. sufBo, i (from 
 beneath) : by distending the skin and 
 p.ing it out, sufiBatae cutis disientu, 
 Plin. 8, 38, 58 : Cato. 3. intendo, di, 
 turn (to atretch or distend in any xcay) ; 
 Phaedr. i, 24, 6. |||, Fig. : to swell 
 out luith vnnilii ; puff up or out : 1. 
 inflo, I : top. up irith false hoi>e, animos 
 falsa spe i., Cic. in Pis. i(<, 89; with 
 (lit. to) ffride, animos ad superblani i., 
 Liv. 45, 51, med. 2. expr. to be puffed 
 up, by lumeo. 2; with incept., Wmesco, 
 inliimesco, j (to l>ecome so) : p.'d up 
 with empty pride, tuniens inani superbia, 
 Phaedr. i, j, 4: iilso absol., alto stem- 
 mate t., Juv. 8, 40. (In Cic. rather, to 
 be agitated or in afeitnent : so Hor. p]p 
 I, I, j6, latidis amore timies.) To become 
 p.'d up with " irrief authority," jure 
 quodam potesiatis intumescere. Quint. 
 1,1,8: lac. 3, expr. pass, also by, 
 effgro, elaius, ?, irr. : v. elated. |V. 
 Also fig., to praise excessively : 1. ven- 
 dlto, I (as a vendor does his trares) : 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 54, U5 : Liv. 2. jacto, 
 magnil5ce praodico (de aliqua re"): v. 
 TO BOAST. B. In trans, to pant and 
 blow . anlielo, 1 : v. to pant. 
 
 puff away: difflo, i: Pi. Mil. 1, I, 
 I^ (spiritu legiones d.): Aus. Or by 
 circuml., afflando s. spiritu di>jicere. 
 
 out : inflo. I : V. to puff. 
 
 up : V. to ITFF (A., 111.). 
 
 puffer : venditator : I ac. 
 
 puffery : (inanis) venditatio : cf Cic. 
 Tusc. 2, 26, 64. Moie precisely, *merces 
 vendiiantium artes ac mend^icia. 
 
 puffin: *niormon fraterciila (Cycl.). 
 
 puffiness : expr. by sufflo, I . there 
 M a p. about the jhsh, *caro quodam 
 niodo sufflata esse videtur ; caro mi- 
 nus firma ac solida est ac quasi sul- 
 flatu (listenta. 
 
 puffy : perh. snfBatus ; parum solidus 
 et quasi sufflutu distentus. 
 
 pug: I. A dog: "canis fricator, 
 Linn. (R. and A). ||, An ape : simia : 
 V. MONKF.v. Ill, A snub 7iose: sima 
 naris Mart. 6, $9. 8. 
 
 pug-nosed; simiis: v. sntjb-vosed. 
 
 pugilism: pfigilatio (hoiiT^y) .- Cic. 
 l«g. 2, 15, J8: also, pugilatus, us: 
 
 Plaut: Plin. (Or expr. by means of 
 pngnus : to encourage p., ■pugnorum 
 cerutmina Qpraemlis, etc.] fovi-rt- ) 
 
 pugilist : piigiii 'lis : cic fuse, i, 
 17, 40 Uor. : Suet. Or expr. by, pugnis 
 ceriare : v. foil. art. 
 
 pugilistic : Phr. : to engage in p. 
 contests, pugnis certare, Cic. 'I'usc. j, 27, 
 77 : to be Jimd of p. contests, pujiiiis 
 gaudere, Hor. S. 2, i, 27. (f. contests 
 may also be expr. by pugilatio, Cic. Leg. 
 2, 15, ?8: or pugilatus, us : Plin.) 
 
 pugnacious : 1. putinax (the utT- 
 minatiun ax usually denoting a quality 
 in excess) : p., brainy centurimis, cen- 
 tiirioiies p., lacenosl, Cic. Ph. 8, 9. 26 : 
 of animals. Petr. 86 (galli gallinacei 
 pngnacissimi). Also in gi>od >ense . 
 Marcellus acer et pugnax, Cic. Rep. 5, 
 "1 9- 2. peril, bellator, bellatorius 
 (engaging or fond of engaging in n ar) : 
 V. Snilth's Lat. I>ict. s. vv. 3. expr. 
 by circuml., e. g. pugnae s. pugnaiidi 
 avidus, ctipidus; certaminis avidus; ad 
 pugnanduin alacer, etc. : v. nesiBOUs, 
 
 EAGKB. 
 
 pugnacity: pugnantas: Quint. 4, i, 
 2: Plin. (Or expr by circumL, animus 
 ad pugnandiim alacer ; pugiiandl avi- 
 ditas; etc.: v. pugnacious.) 
 
 puissance : vis, vires ; pStentia : v. 
 stkkngth, power 
 
 puissant: pO'ens: v. powerfui,. 
 
 pule : vagio, 4 (as infants) : Cic. Sen. 
 2}, 8!: ler. 
 
 puling ((idj) •■ perh. flebllis, qu6r- 
 
 UluS : V. PLAINTIVE, MISERABLE. 
 
 pull ("■)•• A. Trans.: To puU 
 at, tiritch, pluck : vello, velli, vul- 
 sum, }, and vellico, i : vellere coepi et 
 prensare manu lentissima brachia, Hor. 
 Sat. I, 9. 6; : esp. to p. or twitch the ear 
 as a "gentle bint:" velllcata blande au- 
 ricula susciiavit, Paul. Nol. Ep. j6, } : 
 puer, quid fleret interrogatus, a paeda- 
 gogo se vellicari respondet, that his nuts- 
 ter pulled his ears. Quint. 6, I, 41 : fig., 
 cum canerem reges et proelia, Cynthius 
 aurem vellll, et admonuit, etc., Virg. K. 
 6, 4: vellit saepius aurem invida pau- 
 pertas, Calp. E. 4, 155. In this sense 
 TO PULL is usu. followed by a prep. : 
 
 v. TO PtTLL AWAT, DOWN, etC. B. ' n- 
 
 trans., to seek to move by applying 
 force : expr. by nitor, enitor : vires ad- 
 hibeo s. adnioveo, etc. : pull vith all 
 your might, inen, *totas, viri, adiiibete 
 vires : xiith ail tlieir p.ing they could not 
 stir the chariot, 'quamvis intentis nite- 
 rentur viribus currum loco movere non 
 poterant : the voters foam as they p. (in 
 rowing) spumant adductis freta versa 
 lacertis, Virg. Aen. 5, 141 : now, noir, p. 
 at your oars '. nunc, nunc, insurgite 
 remis ! ib. 189. 
 pull away '• avello, i: v. to tear 
 
 AWAV. 
 
 back: 1. retraho, j. 2. rS- 
 
 Vello, J : V. TO DRAW BACK. 
 
 down : (i- e. to demolish) : 1, 
 
 demolior, 4 (to do an ay n ith , break down, 
 demolish) : to p. dou-ii a partition vail, 
 paiietem d., Cic. Top. 4, 22 to p. doivn 
 a house (in order to build another), 
 donium d.. id. Off. I, ?9, 1 ?8 : Llv. 2. 
 deslruo, xl, ctum, ? (to take donn or to 
 pieces ; not violently, but as a builder or 
 constructor may do) : to p. tioicn u build- 
 ing, aedificium d., Cic. Sen. 20, 72 (opp. 
 con-strucre) : Suet. V'-sp. 9. 3. disjicio, 
 jeci, jectum, ; (violently and uith hostile 
 
 in«(^«i); V. TO DEMOLISH (4) RASK. 4. 
 
 everto, } (also, with hostile intent) : 
 V. TO OVERTHROW. 5. rfivello, vi-lll, 
 vul.sum, ?: to p. down a thing from, its 
 fastenings, e. g. the gates of a tfmple, 
 forps templi revellere, .Suet. Cal. 6. 6. 
 depCno, 5 . to p. down a person from 
 seme high estate, de niinisterio depouere 
 aliqueni, Vulg. is. xxii. 19. 
 
 iUi or UP ; i. e. stop or draw 
 
 back: I. Trans. = check : amtraho. 
 J : to p. in the t"0 hoi-ns, biiia cornua c, 
 Plin. 9, 22, j8. Phr.: to pull up 
 (horses), premere habenas, Virg. Aen. 
 1,6?: adducere habenas, Cic. Am. I?, 45 : 
 (used fig. in both places). ||. Intr. = 
 check oneself, draw back, retracto, i : 
 
 sive retractabis sive properabis, Ci< 
 Tusc. I, J I, 76. 
 
 pull off: 1, avello. } : v.TopLca 
 OFF. (For TO PULL OFF I he clothes or th 
 
 skin: V. TO STRIP OFF, TAKP. OFF.) 2 
 
 rfevello, }. top. offfri/m tirme Jaiteniin 
 or union, e. g. tAe axle from a u aggon 
 
 Ov. M. 2, J l6 : V. TO TEAR OFF. 
 
 out < 1, vello, i, vubum, j; 
 
 up ' to p. out the hair, ccniam 
 
 v.. Mart. 5, it), 19; Uip.outttte halt from 
 a horse's tail. v. pllos equinae caudae, 
 Hor. Kp. 2, 1, 4; : to p. up the rtanUardt 
 (I. e. to make a hostile mmtm- nt, begin a 
 war), V. signa, Virg Aen. 11, 19 vhiUt 
 sinne p.'d out the stalces of the palisade, 
 qunm pars vellerent vallum, Liv. 9, 14: 
 as neut. pass. « iihout objeci, to hare the 
 hair on the body p.'d out by the roots, 
 velli, Siiet. Caes. 45. Coni|>8. (1) evello, 
 velli (vulsi), vuLsuni, j : t"p. out a wea- 
 pon, e. ferrimi, Caes. B. U. i. 25 to p. 
 out teeth, e. denies (aliciii), Plin. }o, j 
 (8), 25 : top.outthisUesfromtheground, 
 e. spinas agro, Hor. Ep. i, 14, 5 : to p. up 
 a tree, arlxjrem e., Liv. jj. 5- (2). rl- 
 vello, } (to p. trr tear out trr at' ay from, 
 some fastening or union): to p. out 
 weapons from, the body, e. tela de i-or- 
 pore, Cic. in Pis. 11,2;: to p. up a tree 
 u-ith the hands, e. arborem maniboa 
 tellure, Ov. R. Am. 87 : to p. up j'lant* 
 by the root, herbas radlce e., id. M. 7, 
 226 : to p. up the standarils, slgna e., 
 Lucan 7, 77 : to p. up the cross fix^d at 
 thegate, crucem, quae fixa est ad portam, 
 e., Cic. Verr. 4, 11. 2. eripio, ui, 
 
 reptum, j (to pull. pluck, or ttar out v-ith 
 violence) : to p. out a tuorfel from the 
 jaus, bolum e faucibus e., Per. Heanu 4, 
 2, 6 ; sualloiisfrom tlie nest, hirundlnes 
 ex nido, PL Rud. }, 4. 67 : a brand J rem 
 the fire, torrem ab ipne e., Ov. M. 8, 457; 
 a suord from its sheath, vagin& e. en- 
 sem, Virg. Aen. 4, 579. 3. eruo, ui, 
 utum, J (uHth violence) : to p. out an 
 I eye, oculum e., Plin. 25, 8, 50 : to p. ovt 
 the teeth on the left side, denies de sinis- 
 tra parte e., Plin. 28, 8 (27) 95 : to p. up 
 standing com by the roots, segelem ab 
 radicibus imis e., Virg. G. i, ?2o : so, 
 pinuni radicibus e., id. Aen. ;, 449 ; ertil 
 radicitus, Plin. 21, II (}6) 62 : v. to drag 
 OUT, DRAW OUT. 4. e.ximo, 5ml, 
 
 emptum, } : lop.out a tootli, ex. dentem 
 allcui, Ccls. 6, 9; a xceapoti, telimi e.. 
 Quint. 9, 2, 7; : i'7ia< pleasure does it 
 give you to have one thorn amontf many 
 p.'d out? quid te exempia juvat spinis 
 de pluribus una? Hor. Kp. 2, 2. 212 : 
 
 V. TO TAKE OUT, DRAW OUT, EXTRACT. 
 
 5. exstirpo, 1 : top. out by the 
 roots, e. g. pilos de coipore t"lo. Mart. 
 
 6, 56, }: V. TO ROOT OUT, ERADUATE, 
 
 EXTIRPATE. 6. extraho, xl, cium, 5 : 
 to p. out an ox or us.f from a pit <ti the 
 .'abbath-day, ex. bovem die &ibbati, 
 Vulg. Luc. xiv. 5 : v. TO draw oDT, 
 EXTRACT. 7. erunco, 1 (to iceed out) : 
 to p. up weeds, herlms er., Col. 2, 10, 28. 
 8. ejicio, jeii, ctum, ? : p. out the 
 mote (and beam) out of one's eye, e. fes- 
 tucam (trabeni) de oculo, Vulg. Mall, vii. 
 4, 5 ; Luc. vi. 4. 
 
 pull to : altriho, i : v. draw to. 
 
 ATTRACT. 
 
 pull(s)- The act of puVing: i, 
 tractus, fis : a ftrady p., modicus t., 
 Plin. 9, 46, 70 (traciatus, Slllic). 2. 
 nisus, us i^any effort ; as in Quint, 8, 4, 
 9, ad summum non pervenit nisu sed 
 inipetu) : V. effort, exertion. 
 
 puller : in phr., " froud setter up 
 and p. doion of kings" (Shaksp.). qui 
 reges e.^tollis ponisque : v. to pi t down. 
 (Comp. tollere >eu ponere vult freta, 
 Hor. Od. I, }. 16.1 
 
 pullet : i- e. a young hen : puUus 
 (properly, the young of any animal) : 
 used with or without spe<-iHc adj. galli- 
 naceus : puUi gallinacei, Varr. R R. j, 9, 
 10: Liv. 32, I. 
 
 pulley : "■* mechanical poioer to 
 called: orlg. the wheel or sheaf; next, 
 Oie sheaf and block, \. e. u .<tiTip(< pulley ; 
 then, a system of puVeijs : tri>chl6a, 
 strictly, the block (also culled rechinus), 
 for one or several sheaves (orbiculi) : 
 591
 
 PULLULATE 
 
 PUM ICE 
 
 PUN 
 
 trochleae, the whole machine ; Lucr. 4, 
 906 : trochleae Graecanicae binap, a 
 system with an upper and lower sheaf, 
 Cato R. R. J, 5. Prov. : to hoitt up 
 with p.s, trochleis adducere, Quint, i r, 
 J, 56: fully described, with technical 
 names of the parts, by Vitr. 10, 2-5. 
 
 pullulate : puiiaio, 1 (puiiuiat ab 
 
 radice, Virg. G. 2, 17) ; incept, pul- 
 
 lulascO, } ; Col. 4, 21, J : V. TO SPROUT, 
 SHOOT UP. 
 
 pulmonary, pulmonic : i- e- per- 
 taining to the lungs : 1. pulmoneus, 
 Plaut. Knd. 2, 6 (p. vomituni voinere). 
 2. pulmonaccus (good for the lungs) : 
 comp. p. radicula, Veg. Vet. i, 12. 3. 
 pulmonarius (^diseased in the lungs, 
 consumptive) : conip. p. ovis, p. sus, 
 Col. 7, 5, 14. Also expr. by pulnionum, 
 ad pulmones attinens. P. consumption, 
 peripneumonia, ae, /. (TrcpiTri-eu/noi'ia), 
 Coel. Aur. Acut. 2, 25 : v. consdjiption, 
 
 CONSUMPTITE. 
 
 pulp : 1. caro, camis, /. {the p. of 
 fleshy fruits) : the juice in tlie p. of the 
 mulberry, moris sucus in came, Fiin. 
 j;, 24, 27 : the p. of a gourd, c. cucurbi- 
 tae, id. 28, 14, 58; q/" olives, carnes oli- 
 ■varum (the stones being called ossa). 
 Pall. 12, 17, I ; of pears, carries pirorum, 
 5d. J, 12, 2. 2. pulpa, p. of apples, 
 malorum p.. Pall. 4, to, fin. (N.B — Both 
 words mean orig. flesh ; then the soft 
 part or pulp of fruits : but pulpa may 
 be extended to pulp in general, as in 
 paper-making.) 
 
 pulpit : I. In the orig. Latin sense, 
 a raised platform to sjxah'from : as, 
 " Produce his body to the market-place. 
 And in the pulpit, as becfiraes a friend. 
 Speak in the order of his funeral." 
 
 (Shaksp.) 
 
 1. rostra, orum, n. (the permanent 
 gallery across the Roman forum, from 
 which the orators addressed the co- 
 initia): Liv. 8, 14: Cic. in Ks. }, fin. 
 
 2. suggestiis, us ; or -um, i, n. 
 (prop, a 7aised mound) : comp. illud 
 Buggestum in quo causam dixerat, 
 ftscendens, Cic. Div. i, 54, 124 : v. plat- 
 form. 3, pulpitum (a boarded scaf- 
 fold, esp. the stage of a theatre) : Suet. 
 Ner. ij: Juv. J, 174: V. STAGE. ||. 
 Jn a church : 1. cathedra (orig. the 
 chair of a teacher or professor, Juv. 7, 
 20J: hence Vt. chaire= pulpit): for its 
 ecclesiastical use, see l)u Gang. s. v. 
 
 2. exedra: Aug. (Quich.). Phr. : 
 p. eloquence, *facundia sacra : a great p. 
 orator, * facundiae sacrae antistes : to 
 mount the p., in rostra (cathedram, 
 exedrani) escendere, Cic. Off. j, 20, 80. 
 To speak from the p., *ex cathedra loqui 
 (prov. for dogmatic teaching). 
 
 pulpous. pulpy : camosus : the 
 other (fruits) are of a p. sort, reliqua 
 carnosi sunt generis, Plin. 15, 24. 27: 
 cf. carnosissimis (olivis) oleum exiguum, 
 id. i;, J, 4: p. or fleshy leaves, c. folia. Id. 
 16, 6, 8 : roots, c. radices, id. 16, Ji, 56. 
 Also pulpd abundans; and, perhaps, 
 mollis. 
 
 pulsate : I. in primary sense : 
 to beat or throb like the pulse. mOveor. 2 : 
 V. PULSK. (N.B. — Pulso, I, is transitive 
 only : but perhaps pulsor may be used.) 
 A pulsating pain, pulsuos'is dolor, Coel. 
 Aur.' Acut. 2. 14. II. Of any similar 
 motion, as of the air inproducing sound : 
 1. perh. pulsibas afflci (or *nioveri) : 
 cf Gell. 9, 1 J, animus quatitur et afficitur 
 motibus pulslbusque. 2. use gen. 
 
 terra agitari ; with some defining word 
 or words : e. g. tremulo motu [quails 
 venarum fit] agitari. 
 
 pulsation ; i- e. a beating or throb- 
 bing at recurring intervals. I. Of the 
 arteries : i. e. a stroke of the pulse, 
 pulsus (venae) : pulsation, in general 
 sense, venarum pulsus, pi. : or expr. by 
 verb; V. PDLSK (I.) ||. Any similar 
 motion, as of the waves of the sea, of 
 sound, of light, etc., pulsus; *motus 
 
 pulsUOSUS: V. TO PULSATE, PCLSE. |||, 
 
 As a legal term, a tmlful stroke on 
 another's body (Blackstone) : pulsatio. 
 In its proper active sense : v. beating. 
 (N.B. ^Pulsatio is not used in clas« 
 592 
 
 sical Latin for pulsation in the neuter 
 sense.) 
 
 pulse (often constructed as a plural 
 noun) : I. The beating, or recurring 
 motion of the blood in t/ie heart and 
 arteries : also, a single stroke of the 
 pulse (with pi. pulses) : 1. pulsus 
 venarum : Plin. 29, i, ;. (N.B. — The 
 ancients called the arteries venae; and 
 they believed vdnd-pipes [arteriae] to 
 be distributed through the whole bodj' : 
 [v. artery] : then, ascribing the pul- 
 sations of the true arteries to these 
 "arteriae," they also called the pulse 
 arteriarum pulsus : the pulse, which is 
 most felt at the extremities of the limbs, 
 arteriarum p. in cacumine maxume 
 membrorum evidens [index fere mor- 
 borum], Plin. 11, J7, 88 : an even, quick, 
 or slow p., art. pulsus per aetatessuibilis 
 aut ciiatus aut tardus, ib.) 2. expr. 
 by venae alone : if the p. beats so, 
 he has a fever, si v. sic moventur. is 
 habet febrem, Cic. Fat. 8, 15 : Cels. j, 6 : 
 the p. lias quite failed, protinus v. conci- 
 derunt, id. }, 5 : we trust the p. most, 
 whicli is very misleading, venis maxime 
 credimus, fallacissimae rei, id. ?, 6: the 
 p. is natural, venae naturaliter sunt or- 
 dinatae, ib. : the p. is slower or quicker 
 according to age, sex, and temperamtnt, 
 venae lenlores celerioresve sunt it aetat« 
 et sexu et corporum natura, Cels. Ib. : 
 to quicken the p., venas conci tare, re- 
 solvere, movere, turbare, ib. : to feel the 
 p., venas tentare. Suet. Tib. 72, ftn. ; 
 V. tangere, Pers. ?, 107 ; pulsum venarum 
 attingere, Tac. ; venarum pulsum et 
 momenta captare, Apul. Fig.: (" 
 feel one's p. (= to sound one), *alicuju> 
 voluntatem, mentem, tentare ; oi', with 
 ace. of person : cf Tac. H. i , 75 : v. to 
 .SOUND. Phr.: the p. of life (Shaksp.), 
 *pulsus vitnles : the p. of states (Claren- 
 don), *quasi venae quaedam civitatum : 
 3/1/ temperate p. does regularly beat ( Dry- 
 den), *pulsus venarum stabiles in corde 
 moventur. 3. ictus, us (sc. arteri- 
 
 arum), a stroke of live p. : a quick or 
 slow p., crebri aut languidi ictus [guber- 
 nacula vitae temperat], Plin. II, J7, 88. 
 II, Any similar movement, as of 
 sound, light, etc. : tlie vUrrations or p.s 
 of this medium (said of light, Newton) : 
 pulsus, ictus, vibraiio (all by analogy) : 
 V. OSCILLATION. Ill, Any leguminous 
 esculent vegetable (generally constructed 
 as plural) : Iggiimen, inis, n., also pi. : 
 let them give us p. to eat, dentur nobis 1. 
 ad vescendum, Vulg. Dan. i. 12 : the 
 earth abounds in fruits and various 
 sorts of pulse, terra feta frugibus et va- 
 rio leguminum genere, Cic. N. D. 2, 62. 
 Also legumentura, Gell. 4, 11. Adj. le- 
 guminarius (Inscr. Orell. No. joqj): as 
 subs, a pufoe-«eJi«r(6cr7rptojriuA7)s), Gloss. 
 Philox. 
 
 pulsion) obsol. (More, Bentley) : the 
 act or nwtion of driving or drawing : 
 
 v. PROPULSION. 
 
 pulverisation: v pclverise. 
 
 pulverise ; to a-ush m- grind to 
 pmvder • 1. (full expression) in pul- 
 verem cont6ro, j : the dry root ofbaccar 
 p.d, baccaris radix arida in pulverem 
 contrita, Plin. 26, 11, 70. Also tero, 
 contgro, obtgro, comminuo (ahsol.): v. 
 TO POUND, grind. 2, in late Lat. 
 only, pulvero. i (prop, to scatter dust, to 
 dust over) : Calp. Eel. 5, 88 : and pul- 
 verizo, i : a draehm of p.d frankin- 
 cense, turis pulverizati drachma, Veg. 
 Vet. I, 54. The act of p.ing or pulve- 
 risation (e. g. by digging up the soil 
 round vines), pulveratio : it (the vine) 
 is made more fruitful by p.ing the soil, 
 turn et crebris fossionibus implere [con- 
 venit] : nam fit uberior pulverationibus. 
 Col. 4, 28. 
 
 puma: a feline beast of prey, inha- 
 biting the warm regions of America : 
 being unknown to the ancients, can only 
 be expr. (according to their frequent 
 usage) by the name of its genus, fSles, 
 is,/., or *f Americana. 
 
 pumice, pumice-stone: a light 
 
 .':tone, thrown out of volcanoes: piimex, 
 icis, TO. : Hor Ep. i, 20, 2 (/. Cat. i, 2) : 
 
 pi. p. rocks (used poet, of any rocks), 
 (hiems) quae nunc oppositis debiiitat 
 pumicibus mare, Hor. Od. 1,11.5. Phr: 
 to smooth with p.-stone, pumico, i ; 
 Lucil. in Non. 95, 16: polished with p., 
 e. g. hand, pumicata manus. Mart. 5, 
 41 : forehead, p. frons, id. i, 67. Adj 
 of p.-stone, pumiceus : «. g. p. molae 
 Ov. F. 6, ?i8: p. antra, Stat. S. }, i 
 144 : fountains springing from p., p. 
 fontes. Mart. 4, 57 : eyes like pumice- 
 stone (i. e. stony, dry), p. oculi, PI. Ps. 
 I, I, 7J. Like p.-stone (i. e. parous), pu- 
 micosus : p. terra, Plin. 17, 5, J } J4 . 
 lapis, id. }6, 19, J4. 
 
 pummel : v. pommel. 
 
 pump (subs.) : I. A machine for 
 raising water : antlia, f. (gen. term) : 
 the p. raises water obtained viith toil, for 
 the thirsty gardens, quas det sitientibus 
 hortis curva laboratas a. tollit aquas. 
 Mart. 9, 19, }-4 (curva points to the 
 sivinging pole and bucket, which was 
 also called toUeno, onis, to. : Plin. 19, 4, 
 20). The following sorts are distin- 
 guished: (1.) organum pneumaticum, 
 Plin. 19, 4, 20. (2 ) haustrum : cw we 
 see rivers turn irheels and pumps, ut 
 fluvios versare rotas atque liaustra vi- 
 demus, Lucr. 5, 517. (3.) tympanum 
 (the lift-pump, a wheel turned by water, 
 or by manual labour, with buckets or 
 jars round it) : also called hydromula, 
 /., Vitr. 10, 9, ID: and rota, Plin. i. c. : 
 tympanum also denotes a kind of chain- 
 pump. (4.) Uie Archimedean screw p., 
 cochlea,/.; Vitr. 10, 11,4. (5.) a sort 
 of force-pump, Cteslbica machina, Vitr. 
 10, 12. (6.) a ship's p., sentinaculuni 
 (prop, a sort of scoop for raising the 
 bilge-water out of the well of the hold, 
 sentlna) : Paul. Non. Ep. j6, j. (7.) a 
 fire-p., or fire-engine, sipho, onis, to. 
 "(Gk.), Plin. Ep. 10, 42 : Ulp. Dig. ij, 7, 
 12 : v. WATERWORKS (cf Dict. of Ant. 
 s. V. Antlia). ||. A light thin-soled 
 
 shoe: soccus, m., Cic. de Or j, n, 127; 
 Cat. 61, 10: Suet. Cal. 52. Dimin. 
 soccuUis, TO., Suet. Vit. l,fin. 
 
 pump («•)-• A. Trans. : j. 7» 
 pump, pump up or out (object, water) 1 
 1. haurio, si, stum, 4: machines 
 for p.ing water, organa, quae ad hauri- 
 endani aquam inventa sunt, Vitr. 10, 9, 
 I. 2. tollo, J : the plan of the screa; 
 which raises a great body of water, but 
 does not p. it up so high as the wheel, 
 cochleae ratio, quae niagnam vim haurit 
 aquae, sed non tam alte toliit quam 
 rota, Vitr. 10, 11, I. 3. egero, ssl, 
 
 stum, } : one p.s out the water (from a 
 ship), egerit hie fluctus, Ov. M. 11, 488. 
 Also, antlia haurire, toUere, egerere, 
 aquam, uiidam, etc. : v. to draw okf 
 AND OUT, RAISE (water). (N.B. — Autio 
 and exanllo or -clo, doubtful : their use 
 depends partly on their true etymology, 
 see Smith's Lat. Dict. s. vv.) Fig. : to 
 pump a person, or o thing out of a per- 
 son : expiscor, i : proinde expiscare, 
 quasi non nosses, Ter. Ph. 2, }, j? : ne- 
 scis me ab illo omnia expiscatum .' Cic. 
 Fam. 9, 19. II. To pump, pump out, 
 pump dry (object, the vessel, e. g. a ship) : 
 exhaurio, 4: others p. out the hold, alii 
 sentinam ex., Cic. Sen. 6, 17 : v. drain. 
 Exhaurio may also l)e used with ace. of 
 that which is removed by pumping, ct'. 
 Tac. A. 2, 2J, non adhaerere ancoris, 
 non exhaurire irrumpentes undas pote- 
 rant (could not p. the ships dry). B. 
 I n t r a u s. : usu translate by supplying 
 the object: v.supi-. The act of pump- 
 ing, haustus, lis, m. : (gardens) uatered 
 friim a well by the wheel, or engines, 
 pumping by lifting machines, (hortos) 
 e ptiteo rota organisve pneumaticis vel 
 toUenorum haustu rigatos, Plin. 19, 4, 
 20. 
 
 pumnkin (Cucurblta Pepo, Linn.): 
 pepo, onis, m. ; and mel8p6po, onis, m. : 
 Plin. 19, 5, 2j. Dimin. pepunculus, 7ru 
 Not. Ter. p. 168. 
 
 pun (sitbs.) : difllcult to find an exact 
 
 Latin equivalent : several gen. terms 
 
 for jest, point, wit, etc., may be used. 
 
 1, perh. most specific 16gi (Aoyoi) : 
 
 logos ridicules vendo, I'l. Pers. i, 1,66^
 
 PUN 
 
 PUNCTUAL 
 
 PUUG ENC Y 
 
 omnes logos, qui ludls dicti sunt, ani- 
 matlvertiss^e, Cic. Fr. ap. Non. 6j, i8. 
 2. Cicero, himself an inveterate pun- 
 ster, probably included {jutis under face- 
 tiae, when he says, ego miritio- capior 
 facetiis, maxime nustratibus, Cic. Kam. 
 9, 15 ; of. id. de Or. 2,61, 248, facetiis aii- 
 lem maxime homines delectari, si quando 
 risus conjiincte re verboque moveatur. 
 (Mure deliiiilely, •facttianim id giiius 
 quod in simililudine verbonim verillur.) 
 3. puns are al least 'ncludud under 
 acumen in the following: genus acuminis 
 in repreheii'leiidis verbis, nuniiunqtiam 
 frigidum. iiiterdiim etiam faccliim, Cic. 
 Brut, t-j, '.j6, 158 (cl. id. de Or. 2, }8). 
 And this suits ihe probable etymology 
 (from Kr. pninte), as does aculeiis, in. 
 (V. Cic. Ac. Post. 2, J I, 98). 4. argu- 
 tI61a, /. (.') : prop a quilAyU, Gell. 9. 14. 
 Other terms, perhaps more or less ad- 
 missible, are, allQsio (Am. "j, 229), or a. 
 verborum, jocus, jOculus.jOciilaria, lusus 
 verbonim, ridiculum dictum, C^uini. 6. i, 
 6 : dull and Jar-fetched p.s, frlgidi et ar- 
 cessiti joci. Suet. Claud. 2i : the uretched 
 p.s made upon Venires (by Cicero), quae 
 sunt in Verrem dicta frigidius, Quint. 6, 
 i, 4. (N.B. — The plixy upm words, as 
 a regular figure of speech, which is only 
 a more solemn pun, was called by the 
 grammarians agiioniiniitiu, /., or paro- 
 nomasia [irapofo/LiatTiaj, (^uinU 9, }, 
 66.) 
 
 pun ("•) •■ 'o 'nake puns : (?) logos 
 dicere, Cic. Fr. ap. Non. 6j, 18 : to p. 
 upon, aUQdo, }, with dat. ; Cicero Tre- 
 batio alludens, Quint, i, 11, 18. Also, 
 perhaps, argiitor, i ; j6cor, 1 ; joculor, i. 
 A punster: argutalor, Gell 17, 5, I?; 
 homo lusor, I'l. Am. 2, 2, 62: homo 
 jocosus, jocularius, ridicfilus. 
 
 punch U'it>s.) : I. A pointed in- 
 strument, which, unen struck, pierces a 
 hole, distinguished from a drill, which 
 pierces by boring : no known word ; but, 
 this distinction not being always exact, 
 we may perh. use tfirfibra (gimlet'), 
 pierce tvith a p. the vine-stock you are 
 going tu graft, terebra vitem quam in- 
 seres pertuiidilo. Cat. K. 11. 41. The 
 word is commonly used for an instru- 
 ment which punches out a piece of the 
 Stuff, *terebra cavata. Ferrum may also 
 De used with the verb. Sometimes tor 
 an instrument which indents a mark, 
 without penetration, forma: v. stamp. 
 II. The stroke of a punch, ictus, us: 
 V. BLOW, STROKE : also (vulg.) a blow 
 witti t lie fist (or elbow, etc.): 1. pug- 
 xtns : to give one a p., pugnum ducere 
 alicui. Paul. Dig. 47, 10, 4. 2. obiusio : 
 Lampr. Comm. 10. 3. percussio : p.s 
 •n the head, capitis percussiones, Cic. 
 fuse J, 26, 62 (adapted) : v. bu>w. 
 III. The beverage: untranslatable. 
 unless perh. calidum (caldum), or cILIida 
 (caidd) (denoting some warm, drink), 
 may serve : they drink p. in the gin- 
 shcp, in therniopolio caldum bibunt, 
 Plaut. Cure. 2. j, 14 (adapted) : cf. V'arr. 
 L. L. ;, 27, }6. A p.-bowl : crater, eris, 
 fn. (Kp<iT7)p, i. e. mixing-bowl), prop, a 
 Dowl for mixing wine urith water, Ov. 
 M. 8, 669: cratera, /., Hor. Od. j, 18, 
 7: also authepsa. /., a vessel in nhich 
 warm drinks xvere kept hot, like a tea- 
 urn : V. Smith's Diet, of Ant. s. V. Calida; 
 a p.-Uidle, trulla, /., truUa vinaria, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 27, 62 . Hor. S. 2, j, 144: and 
 perhaps cyalhus, Hor. Od. }, 8, ij : v. 
 Diet, of Ant. s. v. |V. The hero of 
 the puppet-shinv : untrans. : perhaps we 
 may Latinize the original Italian I'un- 
 cinellt), or I'olidnello, *Puncinellus or 
 Policlneilus. 
 
 punch ("•) •• I. Also punch out, 
 punch through : to perforate with an 
 instrument by a blow : with obj., some- 
 times the thing pierced more usually 
 the hole; but in Latin always the 
 former : 1, pertundo, tuili, tusum, j : 
 y. a hole tnrough tlie botluin nf a put, 
 callcem pertundito per fuiidimi. Cat. 
 R. R. 52 ; (/' (the horse) has p.'d his huof 
 through with a shorp potsherd or stone, 
 si acuta testa vel lapide ungulam per- 
 tnderll. Col. R. R. 6, 15. 2. terebro 
 
 I : V. TO BORK. 3. pungo, i : V. TO 
 
 PRICK, puNCTCBE. ||. To indent with- 
 out perforating : and (vulg.) to give a 
 blow with tlie fist (elbow, etc.) : 1. 
 
 percutlo [in Imperf. tenses iisu. fCrio, 4], 
 cussi, cussum, j : esp. of stamping nvu- 
 ney. Suet. Aug. 94. 2. f&dio, (odi, 
 
 fossum, J : don't p. me in the side, noli 
 f., Ter. Hec. j, 5, 17. Also, f6dico, i : 
 Hor. Ep. 1,6, 51 (aliiui latus f.). 3. ob- 
 tundo, tQdi, tusum, } : top. tlie cliest with 
 Jists, obt. peclora pugnis. Firm. Math. 
 5, 5 ; I'm p.d black and blue, sum ob- 
 tusus pugnis pessume, 1*1. Am. 2, i. 59 : 
 tlien lie p.'s my jaw, obtuudit os mihi, 
 id. Cas. 5, 2, SO. 
 
 punchy, i. e. of a short, thick, fat 
 figure : oblsus, FesL s. v. : v. kat. 
 
 PUncheOU) i- e. a large cask, Fest. 
 s. V. 1. dollum: Cat. K. R. 6^, <: 
 
 Hor. Od. t, II, 27. 2. culeus (cujl.): 
 prop, a leatlier bag for holding liquids. 
 As a liquid measure, the culeus = 115 
 gallons: the puHc/i«oii = 84 gallons = 
 XUl. amphorae about. 
 
 punctilio (dim. of puncto, which is 
 used in the same sense by Bacon, 
 Henry VII.) : a small nicety in conduct, 
 behaviour, proceeding, or argument : 
 1. usu. expr. by circuml. : mindful 
 of every p. of propriety, *circa decori 
 curam usque ad morositatem dillgens 
 atque siuUiosus : cf. punctiliousness. 
 2. perh. lavilliitio (a captious nicety) : 
 silly p.s, c. ineptae, Quint. 7, 9, 4 : a thou- 
 satul pj of law, mille juris c, id. 7. 4, 
 J7- 3. spina (a thorny subtlety) : 
 
 esp. in philosophy and dialectics (cf. 
 Cic Kin. 4, 28, 79, nee acerbitatem 
 sententiarum disserendi spinas probavit : 
 id. Tu.sc. 4, 5, (Peripatetic!) partiendi 
 et definiendi spinas praeteimiliunt: v. 
 QUIBBLE). 4. a proud nicety as to 
 points of conduct : fastidium, Cic. de Or. 
 I, 61, 258 : "punctilio is out of doors, 
 the moment a daughter clandestinely 
 quits her father's hf/use" (.Hichardson), 
 *fa.stidii nihil superest, simul ac, etc. 
 
 punctilious : 1. scrupulosus : p. 
 care, s. tura, Val. Max. i, i, j: the 
 most p. observance of divine uorshiii, 
 scrupulosissimus cultus deorum, Apul. 
 de Deo Socr. p. 4J. 2. morosus (n- 
 
 cessivtly particular) : p. in personal 
 lialiits, circa curam corporis morosior. 
 Suet. Caes. 45. 3. religiosus (extremely 
 careful and conscientious): v. scrupc- 
 LOLS. 4. SUbtilis: V. KICK. 5. As 
 
 subs. : ralumiiiatiir. {lliey exclaim that) 
 to ad/iert to tlie letter, is the part of a p. 
 person, etc., scriptum sequi, calumni- 
 atoris esse ; boni judicis, voluntatem 
 scriptoris auctoritatemque defeiidere, 
 Cic. Caec. 2J, 65 : one who is p. about 
 his work, calumniator sui, Plin. ^4, 8 
 (19). 2v 
 
 punctiliously : scrupiilose : that 
 minute and p.-distributed exactness of 
 divisum, tenuis ilia et in partes si-cia 
 divisionisdiligentia, Quint. 4. 5,6: comp. 
 minutius et scrupulosius scrutantur om- 
 nia, id. 5, 14, 28. 
 
 punctiliousness : 1. reiigio (scru- 
 pulous care and conscientiousness, as in 
 a religious matter) : cl. Cic. Br. 82, 28}, 
 oratio nimia altenuata religione (too 
 punctilious accuracy). 2. morosita.s 
 (over-nicety) : Suet. Tib. 70 (affii uuio et 
 morositas, of ^<i/i€). 3. scrupiilOsllas 
 (rare; not in Cic): Col. 11, i, /in. 
 4. perh. cavillatio,/. : an unhappy 
 p. about words, infelix ilia verboruni 
 c. Quint. 10, 7, 14. Phr. : frivola et 
 inanis argutiSla, Gell. 2, 7. 
 
 punction : v. puncture. 
 
 puncto: V. PUNCTILIO. 
 
 punctual : I. ' 'onsisting in a point 
 (obs.), as, " Hound this opacous earth, 
 this punctual spot" (Milton): perh. 
 punctus (adj.), lit. pricked in : puncto 
 mundo or orbl, like puncto tempore, 
 Lucr. 2, 26{. II. Kxact, coinciding to 
 a point (obs.) : ac< uratu.s esp. in superl.: 
 the punctual exactness (of description in 
 a letter), earum (sc. Utterarum) accu- 
 ratissima diligentia. Cic. Att 7, ?, 1 : v. 
 EXACT, PRECISE. |||, Exoct in keeping 
 engagements : diligens : " punctually 
 
 just (or punctual) to perform what he 
 knew requisite" (Raleigh), omnis officii 
 diligeutis.-.imus, Cic. Cotl. ^o, 75. |y^ 
 K.-.p., exact in keeping to time: \_ 
 expr. by ad teaipus or temp6rl ; to be p. 
 (or, to return punctually}, ad temput 
 redire, Cic AtL ij, 45, 2. Phr. : op. 
 Tnan. qui vult sua tempori conScere 
 officia, PI. Hud 4, 2, 16. 2. diligens, 
 mis (in wiiler sense; careful of pro- 
 priety in tvery wau) : v. cauefcl, at 
 TENTIVE. 3. promptus: cf. Nep. 
 
 Them, i : p. in business, in rebus ge- 
 rendis promptus: v. piujmpt. 
 
 punctuality (in older writers, punc- 
 tualness) . 1. Exactness, observance 
 
 of minute points; esp. of t^me : dili- 
 gentia. Cic. de Or. 2, J5, 150: punctual- 
 ities (in preserving the text, e.g. of SS. : 
 V. Johnson), tenuis ilia divisiunis d. 
 Quint. 4, 5, 6: cf. d. scrlbendi, id. 10, I, 
 J, and 10, J, 27; all depends on your 
 good faith and p., in lua tide ac dili- 
 gentia positum est, Qu'.nl. Kp ad I'rj'pb. 
 } : p. in executing commitsiont, mea d. 
 mandatorum tuorum, Cic. Top. 5 . p. in 
 household affairs, domestica d., id. Oecon. 
 I . Join: cura et d. ; as.siduitas et d. ; 
 d. et industria. Want of p., nt-gligentia. 
 2. expr. by tempOri (or e), or ad 
 tempus, in their proper connection: v. 
 PU.S(-rL-AL (U'.). 
 
 punctually : 1, diligenter : to do 
 all things p., curare omnia diligentis- 
 sime, Cic Fan). 4, li, fin.: also expr. 
 by diligentia, conferre d. ad aliquem 
 rem, id. Off. i, 59, Ij8. 2. t<-nipori 
 
 (or e), ad tempiis : Cannius came to 
 supjier p., ad coenam tj-mp^re venit 
 Cannius, id. j, 14, 58 : to come p., ad 
 tempus venire, advenire, Cic. Mot punc- 
 tually : negllgenter. Join: sludiuec 
 diligenterque 
 
 punctuate : 1. interpungo, nxl, 
 nctum, J : we are accustomed to p. as 
 we write, cum scnbimus. int. consuevi- 
 mus. Sen. Ep. 40. 2. distinguo, nxi, 
 nctum, }, may perhaps be used, but its 
 more exact reference is to tht- divisioD 
 of the sense, and to pause in reading. 
 Quint. I, 8, I ; et alib. 
 
 punctuation : 1. interpunctio 
 and interpuiictum (the latter, the mark 
 itselj ), usu. pi. : the p. of words, in- 
 terpunctiones verborum, Cic. Mur. 11. 
 25 : inierpuncta verborum, id. de Or. j 
 46, 181. 2. distinclio, ib. j, 48, 186. 
 
 puncture (subs.) ; a smali prick • 
 I. Ttie act (= prick-ing), punctio, 
 Plin. 2;, 1} (94), 150; punctus, us, m. : 
 Plin. 29, 6(}8), IJI : Apul. .M. 7. p. 196; 
 and (late and doubtful) punctiira, e. g. 
 teli, Finn. Math. 8, 21. ||. The hoU 
 
 punctured : punctum, n.. Plin. L c } 148: 
 Mart. 11, 45. 
 
 puncture ("•)•• pungo, j: v. to 
 
 PRICK. 
 
 pundit: o learned Brahnuin, versed 
 in Amscrit lore, used for a person of 
 high authority (real or affected) in spe- 
 cial learning : keep the word 'punUita 
 (quem dicunt) : a leanud p., 'p. docti>- 
 simus. Or expr. by Phr.: 'vir mire 
 doctus or doctissimus ; vir omni doctrina 
 Instructissimus. 
 
 pungency : a pricking or stinging 
 quality. I. AffeiUing the organs of 
 sense, esp. the nose, as snuff, hartshorn, 
 etc. ; the tongue, as acids and acrid 
 things ; the eyes, as smoke and vapours 
 1. express by verb, pungo : v. pun- 
 gent. 2. morsus, us: the p. of rine- 
 gar, aceti in. : cf. Maru 7, 25. nee cibus 
 ips<> juval morsu fraudaius aceli : esp. 
 when a corrosive fmver is implied, as 
 "any substance which by Its p. can 
 wound the wonns, will kill them, a» 
 ste.l and hartshorn" (Arhuthiiol): -t 
 scabros nigrae morsu rubiginis ensts, 
 Lucan i. 24}- 3. acrimOnia (either 
 an agreeable or disagreeable sharpness) 
 sueet uith a certain p. (of the gum 
 called sarcocolla), cum quadam a. du\ 
 cis, Plin. 24. 14, 78: if the sore canno' 
 bear the p. (or smart) of the calil>age, .«• 
 ulcus acrimoniam brassicae ferre noo 
 poterit, Calo R. R. 157. Also acrlta:., 
 Gell. I}, }, and acritiido, Inls. /., Viir 
 593
 
 PUNGENT 
 
 PUNISH 
 
 PUNISHMENT 
 
 *i o. 4. acerbitas (only of unplea- 
 iafit sensatums ; as the sountess of 
 uniipe fruit), I'lin. 15, 14, 15: for fig. 
 sense, compare Cic. Plane!. }8, 92, 
 fructus Don laetos et uberes, sed magna 
 jicerbitate permixtos tulissera. ||. 
 
 The quality of keenly affecting the 
 mind ; said of keen v it or sarcasm : 
 
 I. aculgus (esp. pi.) : in debate 
 witty with some p., in alttrcandu cum 
 aliquo a. et male dicto facetus, Cic. 
 Brut. 47, 171: the p. {vr stings) of sar- 
 casm, aculel contunieliarum, id. <ie Or. 
 I, 55, Z22. 2. icerbitas: joined with 
 sal (suit = wit), satirical p. with oitr- 
 flouring wit, a. et abunde salis, yuint. 
 
 10, 1,94. 3. acrlmonia, acrltas (rare) : 
 thefo.ce and p. oj ti-uth, vis veritatis 
 atque acrita^, Ait. in Non. 4jt, 14. 4. 
 stiniiili, orum : Ute p. of gi-ief, stimuli 
 doloris, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 66 (cl. morsus 
 doloris, the stings <>f giief, id. ib. 4, •;). 
 
 pungent : prv-king (see def. under 
 pungency). |, lj\t. : "Wilh pungent 
 pains on every side, So Rcgulus in tor- 
 ment died" (Swilt), *acuieali dolores 
 (like a lilerae, v. infr.) : or, *Regulus 
 nt stimulls pungentibus undique cor- 
 pus, Torment is moritur (v. J/Ucr. 2, 460). 
 
 II, To the senses : e. g. of snuff, 
 "the pungent grains of titillating 
 diLst " (Pope), *pulveris titilljntis pun- 
 gentiagruna: \, aciitus: the p. taste 
 of acids, acutus sapor ; saporum genera 
 XIII. reperiuntur, dulcis, suavis, pin- 
 guis, amarus, austerus, acer, acutus, 
 acerbus, acidiis, salsus, etc., in vinis et 
 liusterus et acutus et dulcis et suavis, 
 Plln. 15, 27, }2, 5 106. 2. morda.x: 
 p. vinegar, m. acetum, Pers. 5, 86 : so, 
 8UCCUS croci niordax, Plin. 25, 8, 50. 
 
 3. acer, cris, ere (the primary sense 
 of the word) : let him avoid p. things, 
 such as mustard, onion, garlick, ut vitet 
 acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Varr. 
 in Non. 201, 14. |||. To the mind 
 
 and feelings .- 1. aculeatus : a p. 
 Utter, a. literae, Cic. Att. 14. 18: of 
 sharp uords, aculeata sunt, Aninmm 
 fodicant, bona distimulant, facta etfamam 
 sauciant, Plaut. Bacch. i, i, 24-io. 2. 
 mordax : e. g. carmen, Ov. Tr. 2, 56J . 
 invidia, Phaedr. 5, prol. 8 : verum, Pers. 
 I, 107. Other words may be used ac- 
 cording to the context, as, salsus, crimi- 
 nosus, mallgnus. P h r. : p. exigencies 
 (Fell) : *actiter urgens discrimen. To 
 be p. (of things), *aculeum habere: and, 
 when an object is admissible, mordeo, 2 ; 
 mordico, i ; stimaio, i : (of persons), 
 *acerbum esse, e. g. in conviciis. 
 
 pun^ently : acrlter, Cic. 
 
 punice : o bug (Hudibras) : cimex, 
 Icis, 711. : v. BtJG. 
 
 puniness : v- puny. 
 
 punish : 1, pfinio (arch, poenio, 
 Gell. 6, 14), less freq punior, dep. 4: 
 with object of the thing ; to p. offences, 
 peccata p., Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66: obj. of 
 the person : to p. the guilty, p. sontes, id. 
 Off. I, 24. Also with abl. of the pi-nalty, 
 hep.'d t'hilemt/11 n ith di-ath, Philemoneni 
 morte puniit,Suet. Caes. 74: self-p.ing, 
 ipse se putiiciis, Cic. I use. }, 2T : but 
 anger in p.ing is to be utterly excluded, 
 prohibenda autem maxime est ira in 
 puniendo. Id. Off. I, 75. 89. The dep. 
 form occurs, ib. I, 25, 88 (puniri ali 
 queni): and id. I'usc. i. 44.1 7 (inimitos 
 piiniuntur). 2. aniniiidverto, ti,sum, 
 } (a judicial term = take cognizance of), 
 foil, by in and ace: of. qui ir.stitueras 
 animadvertere in eos, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 2?, 
 57 : ' aesar thought there was sufl cient 
 reason why he shuuld either himself p 
 Dumnorix, nr order the xlate to p. him. 
 satis esse causae arbitrabaiur qiiare in 
 eum aut ipse animadverleret, aut civi- 
 tatem aniniadverterejuberi t Cat-s. H. G. 
 I, 19. In pass, with the offence as sub- 
 ject: a thing to be p.'d by the mat/is- 
 trates, res a magistratibiis animadver 
 tenda, Cic. Caec. 12: (cf. ptTNisHAKLE). 
 Esp. of ci/rporolandcajntal punishment : 
 (Horatlus said) he nould have p.'d his 
 son by his right as a father, ni ila esset, 
 patrio jure in tilium animadversuriini 
 tnisse, Li v. i, 2'>: to p. a person un- 
 594 
 
 heard, in aliquem a., indicta causa, Cic. 
 Fani. 5, 2 : in pass, use impers. form : 
 M. Icelus had been openly p.'d, in M. 
 Icelum palam animadveisum, Tac. H. 1, 
 46: to p. with seouiging (b^or>- exrcu- 
 tion). in aliquem verberibusa.,SalI. Cat. 
 50 : (cf. EXi'X:UT'-:). 3. expr. by 
 
 poenas or suppliciura sumo, poenas 
 capio (to eTMCt satisfaction) ; and in 
 pass, poenas dn (to give satisfaction, 
 incur a penaltii) : supplicium, chiefly 
 <if corporal and captal punishment: 
 (CafSar) p.'d Acco after the inanntr of 
 his aruestors, de Accone more majorum 
 siippliciiini sumpsit, Caes. B. G. 6,44: 
 / haven't lime to punish yi/u as J iiould 
 (fr. a master to a slave), nou habeo spa- 
 lium ut de te sumam supplicium, ut 
 volo, Ter. Atidr. }, ?, 17: with al'l of 
 the meatis : de houiiiie nobili virgis 
 SPipplicitim crudelissinie sumere, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 2, jn,9i. Correl., to let a per- 
 son p. one, be p'd, supplicium alicui 
 dare de : cf. illi de me supplicium dal)o, 
 Ter. Heaut. i, i, 86: v. punishmekt. 
 
 4. castigo, I (fr. castiis ; lit. make 
 clean, hence implying discipline) : (Rha- 
 damanthus) p.'s and hears their frauds, 
 castigatque aiiditque dolos, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 567 : the qftener the master chides, 
 the seldomer tvill he p., quo saepius 
 (magister) monuerit, hoc rarius casti- 
 gabit. Quint. 2, 2, 5 : v. to chastise. 
 
 5. vtndico, I (obJ. of the offence =: 
 take vengeance for, avenge), with in 
 aliquo of the person : cf. (Scipio) qui 
 Ti. Gracchi conatus perditos vindicavlt, 
 Cic. Off. I, JO, leg . that fraud had been 
 p.'d even by the laws, iste dolus mains 
 etjam legibus erat vindicatus, ib. j, i,, 
 61: whatever you p. in another should 
 be earnestly shunned in yourself, omnia 
 quae vindicaris in altero, sibi ipsi vehe- 
 menter fugienda sunt, id. Verr. 2, j, 2, 
 4: the crime which I had p.'d in others, 
 quod maleficium in aliis vindicassem, 
 id. SuU. 6, 19 : with the person only, 
 pass. usu. impers. with in and ace. : if 
 the guilty be not p.'d, nisi vindica- 
 tum in noxios. Sail. Jug. }i. 6. 
 plecto. } (lit. smite): they pardon them- 
 stlres and p. their god, quae sibi ig- 
 noscunt, et plectunt deum, Aus. Id. 6, 
 praef. : to p. vith death, capite aliquem 
 p.. Cod. Just. 9. 20, 7. But in the best 
 age, we find only puss. : the people are p.'d 
 for the madness of their kings, quidquid 
 delirant reges, plectuntur Achivi, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 2, 14. With abl. of the manner 
 or means ; tergo plecti (to be p.'d by 
 scourging), id. S. 2, 7, 105 : in many 
 things lie are p.'d through carelessness, 
 multis in rebus negligentia plectimur, 
 Cic. Am. 22, 85 : or abl. witL in ; let Ihi- 
 penalty be equal to the crime, so that 
 every one may be p.'d in the s-oit of his 
 a-ime, noxiat- poena par esio, ut in suo 
 vitlo quisque plectatur. Id. Leg. ?, 20, 
 46. With gen. of the offence (late) : 
 to be p.'d for false pretence, insiniula- 
 tionis falsae plecti, Apul. Apol. 274. 
 
 7. multo, I (fr. multa, a 1 7u, 
 mulct ; to p. by a judicial infliction, 
 orig a fine): with abl. of the means or 
 manner cf accusatorem multji et poena 
 multavit, Cic. Bal. 18: with ace. of the 
 offt-ncp, cf. vitia autem honiiniim atque 
 fraudes damnis, ignominiis, vinciilis, 
 verberibus, exsilils, ninrte ntulianiur. 
 Cic. dedr. 1,45, 194: tn p. an iiuprator 
 by deposition from his proriinf, m. 
 imperaturem deminutione crovinclae, 
 id. f'rov. Cons. i;. (N.B — MiiWo. i: 
 perliaps only another form of nmlto, 
 is used <if sevete co poral vlia.'-t<semevt : 
 cf verberibus m , Tac, Ann. i, 12 but 
 nearly always airswers to beat rather 
 than p. [unless the pugilistic sense 
 l>e admitted] cf. miilcato corpore, ib. 
 ••^o) 8. perseqiior, !, de/i. (follow 
 up bring til justici) : obJ. of tirii'ii p.'d: 
 to p. crimes, maieficia p.. Sail. Cat. 52, 
 init. Also, exsequor, 5 : cf. delicta ex., 
 Suet. Caes. 67. And in same sense 
 frequent, sector, i, dep. : don't p. v-ith 
 the trrrible scourge one who deserves the 
 .«»ii' A, nescutica (lignum horrii)ilisectere 
 flagello, Uor. Sat i , 4, 1 19, also, later 9. 
 
 verbSro, i (of corporal punishment): 
 V. Fuxs, scoDBtiE, Alsi., verberibus 
 caedere, fgrtila caedere, / d/m'tfear your 
 p.ing with the lod one nho deserves to 
 undergo sct^erer stripes, nam tit ferula 
 caedas meritum niajora subiie Verbera, 
 non vereor, Hor. Sat 1,4. 120-1. 10, 
 ulciscor, ultus, j, dep. (to aienge): ln« 
 jurias rei publicae, Cic. Phil. 6, I, 2: 
 istius nefaritim scelus, id. Verr. 2, i, 27, 
 68: v. TO AVEKCE. Join, istitis in- 
 jurias ulci.«ci et persequi, id. Ib. 2, }. 9. 
 11. top. as a learning or examf^le : 
 exempluiti (or a) in aliquem statuere, 
 edere, or facere : v. e ^amplk. wakning. 
 P h r. : to be p.'d as an exumple (Ije made 
 an example of), exempla fieri : wlw, 
 d' ye say, is to be p.'d f quid ais, in quem 
 exempla fient ? Ter. Kuii. 5, 4, 26. 
 (Comp. also the words signifying various 
 modes of punishment.) 
 
 punishable : expr. by ger. part, 
 of piinio, animadverto : p. crimes, a. 
 peccata, Cic. Rose. Atu. 40 : an offence 
 p. by the magistrates, res a niagistratibus 
 a., Cic. Caec. 12. 3. poena, supplicio 
 dignus, of persons and offences : v. 
 
 PDNISHMENT. 4. SOUS, litis: V. GUILTY. 
 
 Phr. : legal authorities hold conceal- 
 ment (in a tMrgain) to tx p., & juris- 
 consultis etiam reticentiae poena est 
 constituta, Cic. Off. ?, i6, 65. 
 
 punisher : 1. piinitor, m. : a 
 must severe p. of the seditious, sedilio- 
 sorum p. acerrlmus, Suet. Caes. 67. 2. 
 expr. by verb: 
 
 " This knows my punisher : therefore 
 as far 
 
 From granting he, as I from beggitig, 
 peace." — Milton. 
 •is qui me punitur, me castigat, in me 
 animadvertit, in me supplicium sumit, 
 ulciscitur, vindlcat, etc. 3. ultor: cf. 
 conjurationis investigator atque u., Cic. 
 SuU. }o, 85 : v. AVENGER. '4. vindex, 
 icis: p. of a conspiracy, v. conjura- 
 tionis, Cic. Fam. 5, 6 : the Furies p.s of 
 crimes and guUt, Furiae deae vindices 
 facinorum et scelerum, Cic. N.D. }, 18, 
 46. 
 
 punishment: I. Concrete: the 
 penalty inflicted. 1. poena, often pi. 
 ( = jtoiVt), orig. payment, compensation : 
 in many passages convertible with satis- 
 faction and PENALTY : the most gene- 
 ral term) : eight kinds of p.s are recog- 
 nised in the lans, octo poenartim genera 
 in legibus continentur, Cic. Ap. Aug.C. D. 
 21, II : (that) death is the end of our 
 bring, not a p., mortem naturae finem 
 esse, non p.m, Cic. 6Iil. i7, 101 : to en- 
 force respect by p., observantiam sancire 
 poena, id. Plane. 19, 47. Constr. with 
 geii. of the penalty, e. g. exsilii, mortis, 
 Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 7, etc. p. capitis, capital 
 p.. Caes. B. G. 7, 71 : wiih gen. of the 
 offence; tht: dijine p. of perjury, per- 
 jurii p. divina, Cic. Leg 2, 9, 22 : also 
 gen. of the outraged thing or person, 
 let there be a p. for breaking the low, 
 poena violati juris esto, ib. : rarely with 
 gi-n. of the offender: to iiiflict p. on the 
 deserver, sumpsisse nierentls poenas, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 585 : alsn with gen. of 
 the subject or source p. appointed by 
 the gods, Ueonim ininiortalium poenae 
 certissimae cotisiittilae, Cic. in Pis. 20, 
 46; gravissiii ae leguni poenae, ib. 21, 
 51. Sometimes with double yen. of sub- 
 ject and object ; the p. of forgery 
 amimg the Oorylens'S is severer than 
 elseihere. poena est Dorylensiiim (al. 
 leg. Dorylai, at Dm-ylaeum) gravicr, 
 quam apud alios, lalsaiuro et cnrrup- 
 tirum littrrarum, id. Fl.cc, 17, jq. 
 lo assign, anord, fix, ettublish, im- 
 pose, a p. or p.s. poenaiii, poenas con- 
 siituere, Caes. B. G. 6. 1}; statuere, 
 Suet. Caes. 14; addere. Cic, Mur. 2?,47 ; 
 irrogare (strictly, « itii ref. to penal laws 
 proposed to the people). Hor. Su i, 4, 
 in; imponere, tiell. 6. 14. 7V) inflict 
 p. on, aflBcere aliquem poena. Cic. Off. 2, 
 5, fin.; p. capere de aiqiio, Liv. 2, 5, 
 meii. ; in aliquem, Curt. 4. 6 : poenam 
 sumere ex [scelerato sanguine^ Virg. 
 Aen. 1 2, 949 : otteiier absol., sumere 
 poenas, Gell. 6. 14 : Virg. To inflict
 
 P U N I S H M K N T 
 
 PUNISHMENT 
 
 PC P 
 
 (as a comm/m practice) some form of p. 
 upon..., genus poenae u^urpa^e in: 
 hoc genus poena*- saepe in improbos 
 cives in bac republica esse usurpatum, 
 Cic. Cat. 4, 4. •;. 1h incur (make oneself 
 liable to) p . poenara (aJso, In p.) com- 
 mitUre : has the p. (or penalty) been 
 incurred, or ought it to bt injlicte/l? 
 an commissa sit poena ? an exigi debeat ? 
 Quint. 7, 4, 10 : cf. committere in poe- 
 nam edicti, Gai. Di?. 2, 2, 4 : also, 
 poenam contraliere (alter anal, of dam- 
 num, periculum contrahere) • to be 
 liable to a particular p., teneri aliqua 
 poena, Cic. Q. F. 2, j, med.: so, poenis 
 obligari, Cic. de Fin. I, 14, 47. To suffer, 
 undergo, receive, p. (strictly, pay the 
 penalty, giiv satisfaction), either absol., 
 or with dot. of the inflicter, or person 
 aggrieved, and gen. of tlie offence (also 
 pro), and abl. of the means or mode : 
 poenam (poenas) dare, Cic. N. D. }, j2, 
 81 (poenas morie dedil): so, with abl. 
 of crime : rrcboiiium dedisse poenas : 
 quo scelere ? Cic. : poenas sceleris pen- 
 dere. ib. j, }}, 81 : dependere, id. Se.\L 
 67, 140; expendere, id. Tusc. 2, 9, 22; 
 solvere, id. Mil. ji, 85; persolvere (to 
 the full extent of one's guilt), Caes. B. G. 
 
 1, 12 ; luere(wlth the notion of blotting 
 out or atoning for guilt by p.), Ov. Met. 
 ?, 62; : to bear or undergo a p., p. subire, 
 Cic. Off. J, 16, 65: also, p. ferre, Auct. 
 pro dom. ;2, 1 54 ; perferre, Cic Sext. 69, 
 145 ; sufFerre, id. Fl. }S, 96 : sustinere, 
 Auct. pro dom. 52, U5; habere, Cic. 
 Leg. 2, 17, 44. To remit the p. i>f an 
 offender at tlie request (or for the sake) 
 of any one, poenam alicujus alicui re- 
 mittere ; Liv. 8, i5 (ut slbi pf)enam 
 magistri equitum dictator reniltteret). 
 
 2. supplicium (severe bodily p., usu. 
 capital) : to erect a cross for the p. of 
 citizens, crucem ad civium s. defigere, 
 Cic C. Rab. j, 11 : severity of p.s, acer- 
 bitas suppliclonuii, ib. Rab. j, 10: cf. id. 
 Cat. 4, 4, 7 : (Mitbridates) put to death 
 a consular kgate with the tortures of 
 bonds and stripes and every form of p. 
 (torture), legatum P. R. consularem vin- 
 culis ac verberlbus atque omni s. excru- 
 ciatum necaret, id. Man. 5, 12. To 
 restrain or coerce by p.s, suppliciis co- 
 ercere. id. Cat. i, 1, i : scelus frau- 
 deraque nocentis supplicio constringere, 
 id. de Or. i, 46, 202 : fig., culpam sup- 
 plicio recidere, Hor. Od. i, 24, if. To 
 establish, appoint, anard. ap.,s. consti- 
 tuere in : (.s'oto") appointed no p. for a 
 parricide, nullum s. constituit in eum, 
 qui parent*m necasset, Cic. R. Am. 25, 
 70 : also with dat. of person : id. Clu. 
 46, 1 28 ; or of the offence, Caes. B. G. 6, 
 17 (gravissimuni ei rei s. constitutum). 
 To devise (invent) a unique (signal) p. 
 for, invenire, excogitare. singulare in ali- 
 queni s., Cic. R. Am. 25, 70, 71. To de- 
 mand p. on a person, aliquem petere ad 
 8., Quint. 7, 6, 6. To inflict p. on any one, 
 B. sumere de aliquo; also with abl. of 
 the manner; or absol. : to inflict tliep. 
 of scourging it-ith the utmost cruelty, 
 virgis s. crudelissime sumere, Cic. Verr. 
 
 2, 2, J7, 91 : cf de indemnato s. sumere, 
 Id. Inv. 2, 28, 84 also supplicio alitiuem 
 afBcere : in pass. = to suffer p., Caes. 
 B. G. I, 27 (ne, armis traditis, supplicio 
 afflcerentur). To suffer or undergo p., 
 supp. ferre, perferre : (Afranius said 
 that) they had suffered p. enough, satis 
 suppUcii tulisse, id. B. C. i, 84; sup- 
 plicia miscirima et crudelissima per- 
 ferre, Cic. (Nizol.): subire supp.: nihil 
 affertur quoniinus, summa supplicia 
 EUbeunda nobis sint, id. Ep. ad Brut. 
 :2: solvere supp.; the p. of parricide 
 having been aXready inflicted (or, the 
 penalty paid), soluto supplicio parri- 
 cidii, id. Phil, i j, 10. To take p. from a 
 person (let him punish one), illi do me 
 supp. dabo, I'pr. Heaut. 2, 4, 75. To 
 expiate or purify by p., (Clodius) nomen 
 quidem PI. Ri. tanto scelere tontaini- 
 navit, ut id nulla re possit, nisi ipsius 
 supplicio, expiari, Auct. Har. Reap. 16, 
 J5. To be satisfied by a perso^i's p., 
 cnjus ne supplicio quidem ullo satiari 
 Viaeturpo.sse Ps. Ks.,Cic. Ph. 1 5. 10. 21 : 
 
 to be dragged to p., ad s. rapi : Id. de Or. 1 
 2, 59. 2}8 ; to go to p., ad s. proficisci : ' 
 id. Off. J, 18, 100. Capital p., capitate 
 s.,Suel. liom.8; called also, s. sunimum, 
 supremum : to enact c. p. for a crime 
 (or, punish it tvith death), incestum 
 supremo s. saiuire, Cic. Leg. 2. 9, 22. 
 JCtemal p., atterna supplicia : turn tu, 
 
 Juppiler, hunc aetemis s. vivos 
 
 moriuosque mactabls, id. Cat. 1, fin. 
 The inflicter of p. (said of a magislraie), 
 exactor supplicii, Llv. 2, 5. 3. coc- 
 poral puiiisliment, verbfira, um, n. pi.: 
 corporal p. of a Homan citizen, verbera 
 civis Romani, Quint. 4, 2, iij v. 
 
 SCOnRGING, FLOGGING. 4. niUlta, 
 
 less well, niulcta (strictly and com- 
 monly, a fine, orig. of cattle, Gell. 
 II, I ; also any loss or penalty, said 
 to be a Sabine word : v. Smith's Lat. 
 iJlct.) : let this be his p., to go vithout 
 unnefor 20 days, haec ei mulla esto : 
 vino viginti dies ut careat, PI. As. 4, 1 , 
 ;;. Joined with poena : multa et poena 
 multare, Cic. Balb. 18, 42: cf. id. Leg. 
 }. I, 6 (Vet. Lex), per populum niultae 
 poenae certatio esto. To award a p. 
 (orig. impose a fine), multam dicere 
 (with dot. of person) : Crassus Flacco 
 coUegae multam dixit, Cic. Ph. 11, 8, 
 18; also, ni. Indiceie, Plin. 18, j, j ; ni. 
 imponere, Liv. 10, J7; m. facere, Cato 
 In Gell. II, I: he had named the p. 
 (here capital p.), [diem mihi dixerat]; 
 multam irrogarat, Cic. Mil. 14, j6: tUe 
 naming oj the p., niultae irrogatlo, id. 
 Rab. J, 8. To deserve, incur, becirme 
 subject to p., m. committere. Id. Clu. n, 
 loj. To suffer, undergo, receive p,m. 
 subire, Ov. V. J, 289. To tcard off p., m. 
 depellere ab .... Cic. Fam . 5. 20, j. To re- 
 mit a p., m. remittere, id. Phil. 11, 8, 18, 
 V. sup. (Note,— damnum, n , is also a 
 pecuniary p., and is joined with multa : 
 quis uiiquam tanto damno senatorem 
 coegit? aut quid est ulta pignus aut 
 multam? Cic. Phil, i, 5, 12: v. fine.) 
 
 5, animadversio (prop, censure) : 
 usu. a p. inflicted by magistrates : esp. 
 by the censors, Cic. Clu. 42, 119: so, 
 notationes a.que censorum, id. OIT. J, }i, 
 III : by a dictator, a. dictatoria, Veil. 2, 
 68 : the fear of a father's p., animad- 
 versionis patemae metus, Cic. R. Am. 
 24, 68: with gen. of offence: id. Clu. 
 46, 128 (a. vitiorum) : with gen. of 
 subject, and in with ace. of object : talis a. 
 fuit Dolabellae, quum in audaces sce- 
 leratosque servos, turn in impuros et 
 nefarios liberos, id. Phil, i, 2, 5. Some- 
 times of the severest p.s : behold the 
 nature of the p. i roasting a magistrate 
 alive), genus animadversionis videte, id. 
 Verr. 2, 1, 17, 4; : esp. capital p. (a. 
 capitalis. Suet. Aug. 24), the apprehen- 
 sion of the conspirators u-as my act, 
 their p. the Senate's, compretiensio son- 
 tium mea, a. Senatus fuit, Id. Att. 2, 8 : 
 of military execution, e. g. with ref. to 
 Torquatus and his son, Cic. Fin. i, 10, 
 };. Join with supplicium, to remit p. 
 at another's request (dat.) : e. g. animad- 
 versionem et supplicium remitto tibi 
 et condono, Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5. 10, 2. 
 Forming a climax with cognitio and 
 poena : delude or bis terrarum gentl- 
 umque omnium datur cognitio sine con- 
 silio, poena sine provocatione, animad- 
 versio sine aoxilio. Id. RuU. 2, ij, J J. 
 But in milder sense with castigatio : all 
 p. and correction ought to be free from 
 insult, omnis a. et castigatio contumelia 
 vacare debet. Cic Off. i, 15, 88. To 
 inflict p., animadvertJre, with in and 
 ace. of the per.-;oii : v. to ponish (No. 2). 
 
 6. exemplum, u.su. pi. (signal, ex- 
 emplary, condign p.) : with dIcere, 
 facere, statuere, edere in : that I might 
 not see the disgraceful p. they're going 
 to sentence him to, ut ne viderem quae 
 futura exempla dicunt In eum indigna, 
 Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 24: hoir say youf u-ho's 
 going to suffer p. ((»' made an example 
 of) i quid ais ? in quern exempla tient ? 
 ib. 26: both icill jtunish you, uterque 
 exempla in te edent, ib. $, 6, 21 : to in- 
 flict all p.s and tortures on the hostages 
 (as an example to their tribe), in eos 
 
 omnia exempla cruclatusque ederc, Caes. 
 B. G. I, ji : the last or extreme p. (<jf 
 death), novissima exempla, Tac. A. 12. 
 20. 7. castigatio (correction, e. g. 
 
 c verborum, Liv. 27. 15): p. by the 
 censors, ceiisoria c, Plin. 1 8. 6, 7 : cor- 
 poral p., c. fustlum, Paul. Dig. i, 15, j ; 
 c. flagellorum, Callislr. Ib. 48, 19, 7 (cf. 
 infr.). 8. vindicta (retribution, re- 
 venge: less freq. In preneiu sense) : of 
 Veil. 2, 1 14 (denoting a climax in military 
 discipline), admonitio frequms, inler- 
 dum et castigatio, vindiUa rarittima. 
 9, noxa (hurt, lianu . only as legal 
 term) : to deserve p., 11. merere (mererl), 
 Liv. 8, 28 : to deliver one to p.. noxae 
 dedere aliquem, U Ip. Dig 4, j, 9 : correl. 
 to receive for p., nuxae accip<re. id. Ib. 
 7, I, 17, 5 2: to Le delivered ov>:r for p., 
 lioxae dedi, Liv. 26, 29. Jo be exempted 
 from p., noxae exinii, Llv. 8, j? ; also, 
 noxa exsolvl, id. 2}, 14 : to be con- 
 demned to p., noxae daiiinari, id. 8, }$. 
 P h r. : to be condemned to capital p., 
 capitis condemnari, Cic. C. Rab. 4, 12 : 
 less technically, mitii ad mortem, id. 
 Tusc. I, 41, 97: cf. vitam amlttere 
 per summum dedt-cus, id. K. Am. 11, 
 }o : without p., impunitus ; adv. im- 
 pun€, less freq., inipuiiite : y. imflnitt. 
 II, Abstract; the act, processor prin- 
 ciple of punishing : 1 expr. by ^/. of 
 supplicium, |)oena (including the various 
 modes of punishment and so lis t-Qiire 
 nature: cf. L. G. }} 591, 59}): cf Cic. 
 de Or. I, 58, 247, legibus et praemia 
 pro(K>sita sum vlrtulibus et supplicia 
 [poenae] vitiis ('a system oJ reirard 
 and p.'): the sing, of i«ena occurs in 
 quasi-abftr. sense, id. ad Br. i, 15, a<i 
 init., Solon remp. duabus rebus contiueri, 
 praemio et poena : ne ought not to take 
 pUasure in p., 'non decet poenis sup- 
 pliciisque gaudere. 2. expr by pu- 
 nire, animadvertere, vindicare, poenas 
 sumere, etc. ; esp. in ger. or ger. part. : 
 tite laws are established for tlie p. of the 
 guilty, 'leges ad sontes punlendos 
 [sontium puniendorum causa] consti- 
 tuuntur: the third case of p. is uhen 
 ...., tertia ratio viudlcanJi est, quum 
 
 Gell. 6, 14: v. TO ruNisH. 3. 
 
 animadversio : Gell. i. c. 4. punitio, 
 archaice, poenitio: Gell. I.e. : Veil. 
 
 punitive : poenalis, e : a p. law, 
 lex p., Gai. inst. i { 128. (But usu. 
 better expr. by verb ; i( li a quettiim 
 whether these evils are to be regarded as 
 p., •quaerittir suppliciine sumendi causa 
 necne haec mala [a Deo] constltuta ac 
 destinata sint: these laws are not p. but 
 corrective, "legibus haec potius ad enien- 
 dandos quam ad punlendos homines 
 constltuta sunt.) 
 
 punning, punster : v. pin. 
 
 punt : '•'■ BOAT. 
 
 puny : used contemptuously for what 
 is both small and feeble : 1. piisillus 
 (tiny, scanty, dwarfish) : cf p. mus, 
 PI. True. 4, 4: a p. mind or spirit, 
 p. animus, Cic. Fam. 2, 17, fn.: cf. 
 Hor. S. I, 4, 17, Di bene fecerunt, in- 
 opis me quodque pusilli, Finxerunt 
 animi (ironical) : so, p. iiigenium. Mart. 
 9.51. 2. exiKims (very small, tiny) : 
 of p. frame, corporis exigui, Hor. Ep. 
 
 1, 20, 24. With gen.: abundans cor- 
 poris exiguusque animi, Claud, in Eutr. 
 
 2, J8i. Join: infimius atque exiguus 
 [animus], Juv. u, 190. Exig. may 
 be used for Milton's "puny habit- 
 ants." 3. iraboclllus (weak, pontr- 
 less): Cic. Sen. 11, j; : p. human nature, 
 imbecilla natura (generis huniani) Sail. 
 Jug. I : so, i. Ingenia, Quint. 2, 8. 12. 
 
 4. parvus: a burthen loo great for p. 
 minds, and a p. bo<ly, onus parvis ani- 
 mis et parvo corpore nuijus, Hor. Ep. I, 
 17, 59: so, homo parvo ing^nlo, Plin. 
 Ep. 6, 29. 5. nilfiiitiis (}ielty. infe- 
 rior; usu. with coniempt): Join: 
 minutus et anirusnis. Cic. Fin. 1.18, 61. 
 A puny man, liomiincillus : iieque tam 
 desipiens tuisset, ut homuncnlls simllem 
 (like p. mortals) deum tingerct, Cic 
 N. D. I, 4+ in- 
 
 pup (-'«'»«•) •■ cStiilus: V. PCPPT. 
 
 pup U'-^ •■ *catulo9 cdfre, pirfre (th« 
 5iS
 
 PU P 11, 
 
 PURE 
 
 PURGATORY 
 
 latter often without object expr.): v. 
 
 TO BRING FORTH. 
 
 pnpil : I. -^ ward (orig. sense, 
 now obs.) : pupillHS, m. ; pupiUa, /. : 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 50, seqq. : v. Diet. Ant. 
 «. u. TUTOR. II, AscKolar: 1. dis- 
 cipulus ; /. -a (either a p. in a school, or, 
 in wider sense, one who fias leamed any 
 art from another) : that a p. should 
 threaten his tutor '. magistrou' quem- 
 quam d. minitarier ! I'l. Bacch. i, 2,44 
 (for the/«»t. cf. Hor. Sat. i, 10, 91 ; dis- 
 cipularum inter Jubeo plorare caihedras : 
 Piin. j;, II, 40 $ I4'7). 2. alumnus; 
 /. -a (strictly, a foster-child : hence, in 
 fig. sense, a disciple) : cf. Platonis 
 alumni, Cic. Hn. 4, 26, 71; alumnus 
 disciplinae meae, id. Fam. 9, 14. |||. 
 The pupil or apple of the eye : pupilla, 
 or pupiila: Lucr. 4, 349: Flin. 11, JT, 
 55. Also (but the term wants the ex- 
 actness of preced.), acies oculorum : 
 aciesque ipsa, qua cernimus, quae pa- 
 pilla vocatur, ita parva est, ut ea, quae 
 nocere possint, facile vitet, Cic. N. 1). 2, 
 
 pupillage: I. Wardship.mmonty. 
 piipillatus, vis: (Inscr.) : better, aetas 
 piipillaris. Suet. Aug. 66, fin. ||. 
 
 'I'lie condition of boyhood, in general, 
 tirocinium: cf. Quint. 12,6, j: also Suet. 
 Aug. 26, lilios suo quemque tirocinio {on 
 the expiration of their p.) deduceie in 
 forum. Ill, Of learners: use, *statuss. 
 conditio discipuli : v. state, condition : 
 *di.scipulatus, us, Tert. Praescr. Haer. 22. 
 
 puppet : 1. popa (a *'") •■ P^rs. 
 
 2, 70. 2. v€vp6(7Traa'Ta, tov, n. pi. (i. e. 
 figures pulled by strings) : coinp. Gell. 
 14, I, ut plane homines iion, quod dici- 
 tur, KoyiKo. ^(ia, sed ludicra et ridonda 
 quaedam t/tvpoanaorra esse videantur, 
 si nihil sua sponte. nihil arbitraln suo 
 faciunt, sed ducentibus stellls et auri- 
 gantibiis. 
 
 puppy: {.Lit.: 1. ciituius 
 
 (used also of the young of other aniiitals 
 besides the dog): cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 14, 
 }S, in cane [meliora omnia] quam in 
 catulo: Virg. Eel. i, 2j. 2. (dini.) 
 catellus; ./. catella (dimiii. of catulus): 
 enough room for a p. to lie down, tan- 
 tillum loci, ubi c. cubet, PI. Stich. 4, 2, 
 40 : esp. a favourite dog, a lap-dog : a 
 p. named (i'ersa) had died, erat mortuus 
 c. eo nomine, Cic. Oiv. i, 46, loj ; a 
 child with a p. for its playfellow, infans 
 collusore catelio, Juv. 9, 61. Fern, pi., 
 catellae, Juv. 6, 654. ||, F i g., a con- 
 ceited, impertinent man or boy : perh. 
 ardSlio, onis : cf. Phaedr. 2, 5 (where 
 t he term is applied to a class of fussy, 
 officious persiins). Or better, simii51us 
 (strictly, a little monkey) : cf. Cic. Fam. 
 7, 2, hie siniiolus, animi causa, me in 
 quem inveheretur delegerat (this puppy 
 load singled me out Jor attack, jatt to 
 amuse himself). Sometimes ineptus 
 (silly, impertinent) will serve : cf. Hor. 
 S. I, }, 49, ineptus et jactantior hie paullo 
 est : hold your tongue, you p. ' quin 
 laces, inepte homo ! also, homunculus 
 (term of contempt for a human being) : 
 
 V. MANNIKIN. 
 
 puppyism : expr. by means of words 
 under puppy (II.) : is not this sheer p. ? 
 •nonne haec germanissimi sunt simioli ? 
 nonne sunt haec homunculi ineptissimi 
 ac vanissimi .^ / hate p., *odi simiolos 
 istos insolescentes ac sese Ingerentes. 
 
 Purchasable: venalis (on tale, to 
 be had for money) : Sail. Jug. J5, Jin. 
 (urbem venalem et mature perituram, 
 si emptorem invenerit): Cic: v. sale. 
 To be p., enii posse, pretio comparari 
 posse : V. TO purchase. 
 
 purchase («•)•• (wider in sense than 
 liUY) to obtain or redexm at any sort of 
 cost (abl.). 1. emo, cnii, emptuni, j : 
 loolp.dby 3/oui' foi/, pulmenta laboribus 
 empta, Hor. Kp. i, 18, 48: pleasure p.d 
 at the cost of pain is hui tful, nocet 
 empta dolore voluptas, id. ib. i, 2, 55 : 
 tie has p.d immortality by death, emit 
 morte Immortalitatem, Quint. 9, 3, 71. 
 Comps. (1) cOCiuo, J : (to collect by pur- 
 chasing) : cf. Hor. ( Id. i, 29, 1 J, coemptos 
 undique nobiles libros. (2) rfidimo, } 
 596 
 
 (to buy boMki but more freq. fig.) : top. 
 peace, pacem redimere ab aliquo. Just. 
 4J, S,f-n. : to p. favour and friendshij) 
 by (Caesar's) death, gratiam atque ann- 
 itiam ejus morte r., Caes. B. G. i, 44: 
 he p.d the good will of the sokiiers by 
 jrraJuiiies, largitioue mililum voluntates 
 redemit, id. B. C. i, jq : top. at a price, 
 and esp. with a bribe, pretio redimere ; 
 parents were compelled to p. for their 
 children vdth a bribe not life but a 
 speedy death, non vitam liberum, sed 
 mortis eeleritatem pretio redimere co- 
 gebantur parentes, Cic. Verr. 5, 45, 1 19 : 
 redimat pretio sepeliendi potestateui. 
 id. ib. : in the sense of to p. immu- 
 nity for, obtain pardon of, an offence: 
 flagitium aut facinus red.. S.dl. C. 14 : 
 (with per of the price), Ut sua per nos- 
 tram redimat peijuria puenam, Ov. Am. 
 J, J, 21. 2. comparo, i (to procure) : 
 V. TO PROVIDE, PRO<;URE. 3. penso. I 
 (to pay down money; rarely with ucc. 
 of thing secured) : to p. victory with a 
 loss of men, victoriam damno p. nlil^i^, 
 Veil. 2, 115 : of a ransom, vitam p. auro, 
 Sil. 2, J5. 4. mercor, i,dty. (uct. of 
 thing; abl. [with ab or de] of peis.; 
 abl. or gen. of price) : to p. goods from 
 merchants and stll them again directly, 
 m. a mercatoribus quod staiim [vendasj, 
 Cic. Off. I, 42, 150 : with de, fundum 
 niereatus est de pupillo, id. Fl. 20, 46 : 
 top. at so dear a rate, tanto pretio m., 
 id. R. Am. 46, lii- I think that these 
 seivices ought to be purcliased at the 
 cost of life, ego haec offlcia mercaniia 
 vita puto, Cic. Att. 9, 5. Comp. emercor 
 ( = buy off, p. out, p. immunity for) : 
 cf. adulterium ingentibus donis e., Tac. 
 A. I J, 44; aditum principis e., ib. 16, i. 
 purchase (.subs.). \. The act of 
 purchasing, emptio : this p. being com- 
 pleted, hac e. facta, Cic. Caec. 6, 17 : the 
 p. of horses, e. equina, Varr. R. K. 2, 7, 
 6. II, The thing liought : 1. expr. 
 by verb, quod emptum, partum, com- 
 paratum est, etc. ; v. to purchase. 
 2. merx, merclmonium : v. mer- 
 chandise. Ill, Money paid for 
 landfd properly, etc. : to buy an estate 
 at 20 yeais' p., •praedium ex viginti 
 annoruni mercedis aestimatione eraere. 
 
 money : prfitium : v. price. 
 
 purchaser: 1. emptor to take 
 in a gaping p., e. inducere hiantem, 
 Hor. S. 1, 2, 88 Cic. Fig.: o reckless 
 p. of disgrace, dedecorum pretiosus e., 
 Hor. Od. i, 6, J2: the fictitious p. of an 
 hdieritance, e. iamiliae. Suet. Ner. 4. 
 Comp. coemptor (one who buys up or 
 purchases in a large way : rare) : Apul. 
 2. mercator (u»\i. := merchant) : 
 not consuls, but p.s of provinces, non 
 consules sed m. provinciarum, Auct. in 
 Sen. 4. Also expr. by part, of emo, 
 mercor : v. 10 purchase 
 
 pure : I. Physically and mate- 
 
 rially : 1. mundus: v. clean. 2. 
 piirus: purest honey, mella purissima, 
 Virg. G. 4, 16} : a p. spring, p. fons. 
 Prop. }, I, i : p. and light air, aer p. et 
 tenuis, Cic. N. I). 2, 16, init. Of metals 
 (without dross or alloy) : p. gold, p. 
 aurum, Plln. 33,4, 25. (Note; p. aurum, 
 argentum, vasa, etc., are also used of a 
 pl:iin surface, free from chasing: so 
 argentum purum, Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 49.) 
 P h r. : p. gold is also expressed by aurum 
 ad obrussMm, Suet. Ner. 44. 3. integer 
 (unpolluted): fontes, Hor. Od. i, 26,6. 
 4. mSrus, andm6racus(esp. of wine 
 unmixed with water) : p. wines, vina 
 mera, Ov. M. 15, ill: so, v. meracius 
 (compar.), Cic. N. D. }, Jl : p. neater, 
 merae undae, Ov. M. i ;, 32 j : p. milk, me- 
 rum lac, id. K. 4, ^69 : a p. taste, merus 
 gustus. Col. 3, 21 : p. silver, argentum 
 merum, Pl. Asin. i, 5, J. ||, Hence tig. 
 of anything unmixed, unqualified. 1. 
 mgrus (lit. undiluted) : p. (sheer) pro- 
 digies, m. monstra, Cic. Att. 4, 7 : Ter. : 
 cf. mere. 2. piirus: esp. with putus; 
 a p. and genuine sycophant, purus 
 putus sycophanta, Pl. Ps. 4, 7, 10 j: cf. 
 ab-solute, mere, real. 3. sincerus 
 (unmixed) : of a p. race, (gens) propria 
 et sincera et tantum sui similis, Tac. G. 
 
 4. ¥ig.: p. joy, s. gaudium, I^iv. jf 
 
 41 : p. fame (i. e. unblemished), s. fama, 
 Gell. 6, B: p. mathematics, *mathesi8 
 pura. Ill, Of language and style: 
 
 1. piirus ; peifectly p. style, sermo 
 quam purisslmus, Quini. 4, 2, 118: if. 
 oratio Catuli sic pura est, ut Latiiie 
 loqui paene solus videatur, Cic. de Or. 
 5, 8, init. Joined with candidus: a p. 
 and brilliant style, purum et candiclmn 
 genus dicendi, id. Or. 16, fm. 2. 
 
 emendatus (faultless): ap.Latinslyie, 
 locutio e. el Latina, Cic. Br. 74, 258. 
 Ph r. : the method of speaking p. Latin, 
 ratio Latine atque emendate loquendi. 
 Quint. 8, 1, 2. IV. 'jf moral pui-ity : 
 1. castus: a man of most p. and 
 upright life, castissimus homo aiqiin 
 integerrimus, Cic. Fl. 28, 68. Join: 
 castus animus purusque, Cic. Div. i. 5 j, 
 fm. See .ilso chaste. 2. mundus : 
 blessed are the p. in heart, beati mundo 
 corile, Vulg. Matt. v. 8 : and of absolute 
 purity in God, Thou art of purer eyes 
 than to behold evil, mundi sunt oculi 
 tui, lie videas malum, Vulg. Hab. i. i !. 
 3. piirus: to keep the soul p.,* di\i- 
 mum purum conservare, cf. Cic. Verr. 
 }, 58, IJ4: purae noctes (opp. to >pur- 
 cae ), I'l. Asin. 4, I, 62; with gen. of 
 object: integer vitae scelerisque purus 
 (free from taint of guilt), Hor. Od. i, 
 22,1. 4. integer, gra, gr urn (.'.;potfe«s ; 
 of both chastity and honesty) : a {ler- 
 fectly p. (unstaineil) life, integtrrima 
 vita, Cic. Plane. ini«. Join: (homines) 
 integri, innocentes, religiosi, id. Verr. 4, 
 4, init. AVith gen., pure from the vicei 
 of the city, integer urbis, Val. Fl. 2, 
 J74: p. in life, integer vitae, Hor. I. c. 
 V. Free from religious pollution : 
 1. piirus : a p. household (aftc r per- 
 forming the funeral rites), p. I.unilia, 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 22. 2, castus: hand >..ti3 
 castum donum deo, ib. 2, 18: v. holy. 
 3. lustratus, purif icatus : v. to 
 
 PURIFY. 
 
 purely: 1. pwe: shining more 
 
 p. than I'arian marble, splendens Pario 
 marmore purius, Hor. Od. 1, 19, 6. 
 Join: munde pureque r as neatly and 
 p. as possible, quam mundissime puris- 
 simeque hat, Cato, R. R. 66 : quiete et 
 pure et eleganter acta aetas, Cic. Sen. 5, 
 13: caste pureque, Plin. 22, 10, 12: pure 
 et caste [deos venerari], Cic. N. I), i, 2. 
 Of style: Scipio omnium aetatis suae 
 purissinie locutus (ivith the greatest 
 purity), GeW. 2, 20. Join witli caste; 
 caste pureque lingua Latina iiti (with 
 clearnessand purity),Gell. 17, 2. •) oi n: 
 pure et emendate : speaking p. and 
 correctly, pure et emendate loquentes, 
 quod est Latine, Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4. 
 Also, puriter (infreq.) : Cat. 76, 19. 
 2. caste (of conduct and character) : 
 to live p. (lead a pure or holy life), 
 aetatem agere caste suam, Pl. Tiiii. 2, 
 4, 148. ■ 3. integre (free from cor- 
 ruption) : he governed Africa moat p. 
 (incorruptly), Africam integerrime ad- 
 ministravit, Suet. Vesp. 4. Join: caste 
 et integre [vivere], Cic. Fin. 4, 2j, 6} ; 
 incorrupte atque integre [judicare], Cic. 
 Fin. I, 9; integre et ample et ornate 
 [dicere], Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 4; proprie 
 atque integre [loqui], Gell. 7, 11. 4. 
 purgate (of language) : rare : enucleate 
 dicitur, purgate, exquisite, Non. 60, 5. 
 
 pureness : v. purity. 
 
 purgation: purgatio; poet, purga- 
 raen, esp. in pl. ; lustratio: v. purifi- 
 cation. Or expr. by verb : icith a view 
 to the p. of the city. urb;s purgandae 
 (purgandi) causa ; ad purgandam urheni, 
 
 etc. : V. TO PURGE, PDRIFY. 
 
 purgative (.adj.) .- purgativus ; p. 
 medicines, p. medicamina, medii amenta, 
 Coel. Aur. Acut. 2, 19. Also, purga- 
 torius, Symm. See also opening, adj. 
 
 purgative (subs.) .• medicamentum 
 purgiilivimi s. catbartieum. To admin- 
 ister a p., m. purgalivum, eathaiticura 
 adhil)ere (Dat. of the patient). 
 
 purgatory : *purgat6rlum : Calv. 
 Inst. 3,5,6: M.L. ( I'he term is needed 
 lor the lang. of theological coniroversy; 
 but must te excluded from Latin com-
 
 PURGE 
 
 P U U I F Y 
 
 PURITT, rt'TlFVKSS 
 
 position malcing any pretensions to ele- 
 gance. Use these rather, •ignes lus- 
 trales s. purgatorii ; "is locus in quo 
 uiortui poeni-s lustralibus exercentur.) 
 
 purge (tubs.) : V. rCRGATlvK. 
 
 purge (»•) •' '• e., tomake dean orpine ; 
 chiefly in religious and medical senses. 
 I, In general : 1. purgo, i : (1) 
 of persons : poet, with gtn. of tl)e thing 
 got rid of (Kiig. of or from) : (but only 
 abJ. In prose) : / uoiidtr that i/ou liare 
 been p.d from that disease, Kt niiror 
 morbi purgatum tc illlus esse, Hor. S. 
 2, i, 27 . ever If branch that bfareth fruit 
 lie pixTijeth (by pruninj;), oninem pal- 
 mitem qui leil fi uctum, piirgabit eum, 
 ut frucluni plus alTerat, Vulg. J<ih. .w. 
 2: in sense of an excuse, lilie our legal 
 use, with dot. of the person uffendcd, 
 abl. with de of the offence ■ quod t<' 
 iiiihi de Seniproiiio piirgas, accipio ex- 
 cusationem, Cic. Fam. i2, 2; : (2) uf 
 things ■ {a)=cleaiisi; with ate. ot the 
 thing purified : di patrii, piirganiusagros, 
 purganius agrestes, Tib. 2, I, 17 : p. 
 pectora, Lucr. 6, 2} : urbeni, Cic. Cat. 
 
 1, 5: (b) to p. away, p. criniina (i. e. dis- 
 proce), Cic. Clu. i ; probra, I'ac Ann. 4, 
 42 : in the religious stnse ; aci: <if the 
 pollution: p. nefas, Ov. M. ij, 952: Jam 
 crimt-n habenius purgandnni gladio, 
 JjUcan 8. ;i8. Join: purgare and lus- 
 trare : (iomus purgaiitur lustianturquc, 
 Plin. i;. 29, j6 (for lustro, see rritihv). 
 Fri'queMt. purgtlo. I (rare) non inihi 
 homines pinci'nt. qui, quando male fe- 
 cerunt, puigitant (make excuses), I'l. 
 Aul. 4, 10, 26. Comps. (1). rxpurjjo, i : 
 me expurgare tihi vdo, PI. Capt. J, 4. 
 87. Fig., quae potcruiit unquam sails 
 (me) e.xpurgare licutae .' (p. me of 
 poetic phreiizfi), Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 5 j . p. 
 out the old leaven, expurgate vetus fer- 
 mentum, Vulg. i Cor. v. 7 (2) r6piirgo, 
 I : to p. gold from the ore, rep. am um 
 venis, Flor. 4, I2, 2: esp. to p. ana;/, 
 quidquid in Aenea fuerat mortale repur- 
 gat, Ov. M. 14, 60J. 2. pxpio, I, reli- 
 gious sense: cf. arma nondum e.xpiatis 
 UDCta cruoribus, Ilor. Od. 2, 1, 5 (cf. i, 
 
 2, 29): expiandum forum Komanum a 
 nefarii sceleris vostigiis, Cic. c. Hab. 
 4, II : quod non expietur iiiiiiultas, etc., 
 Vulg. I Reg. iii. 14. 3. mundo, i ; 
 and Comps. emundo, permundo; Josiah 
 p.d Jiidah. etc.,from thehiyh places, etc., 
 inundavit.Jiidam,etc.,abexcelsiset lucis, 
 etc., Vulg. I I'aral. xxxiv. j: mundata 
 jam terui, ib. 8 : (cf. P;?.. xxiv. 1 }) p. 
 (sprinkti;) me with hyssop, and I shall 
 be c?ea»(, aspergps me hyssopo, et mun- 
 dabor, Ps. li. 7 (I, 9, Vulg): with obj. 
 of the sin, ppccatum tuum muiidabitur, 
 Is. vi. 7. Join: expiare, mundare : 
 septem diebus expiabunt altare et mun- 
 dabunt illud, Kz. xliii. 26; almost all 
 thin'js are by the laio p.d with blood, 
 omnia paene in sanguine secundum 
 legem mundantur. Heb. ix. 22 (d. x. 2) : 
 if any one p. himself from these, si quis 
 ergo emundaverit se ab istis, 2 Tim. ii. 
 21 : p. the conscience from, etc. (quanto 
 magis sanguis Christi . . . , ] eniundubit 
 conscientiam nostram ab opcribus nior- 
 tuis, Heb. ix. 14: he shall thmuglily p. 
 hia threshing floor, permundaliii aream 
 suam, Matt, iii! I2(purgabit, Luc. til. 17). 
 Of metals : ob.servethe words joined, in 
 foil.: et sedi'liit conjians (siinlting) el 
 emundans arg^ntum, et puryahit lilios 
 Levi, et colabit eos quasi argcntura, 
 Mai. iii. J: / wiT,l purely p. an ay thy 
 dross, e.xcoquam ad purum scori im 
 tuam. Is i. 25 : to try thnn (In the lur- 
 nace), and p. them, and make them 
 while, ut covflentur el eliijantur et 
 deatbentur. The Vulg. also uses (where 
 the A. V. has p.) cligere (=pluck out), 
 eligam de vobis transgressores, Ez. xx. 
 ?8: redimo (atone for), Prov. xvi. 6: 
 dimilto (remit), with aufero (biar awaii). 
 Is. xxii. 14 and xxvii. 9 : propiticir (with 
 dat.), impinlatlbus nostris tu propilia- 
 beris, Ps. Ixv. j (Ixiv. 4): lavo aiidahUio 
 (wash away). Is. iv. 4. purgationem 
 peccatonim facere, Heb. i. 5 ||. In 
 the medical sense : 1. with obj. se 
 or alvnm : p. se hellebore, Val. Max. 
 
 8, 7, 5, fin. : alvum p., Cic. N. I). 2, 50: 
 
 obj. of thing, piirgaiis onines e.sais, Vulg. 
 Marc. vii. 19: top. ateay phlegm, \i. piiiii- 
 tas, I'lin. 20, 17. 71 ; deafness, p. tardi- 
 tatem aurium, id. 2t, :,8: with a///, of 
 ihe remedy, p. tastidiuin lauri folio. Id. 
 8, 27, 41 : with the medicine us subj., 
 otiionnae succus piirgat cicatrices et nu- 
 becula-s et quidquid ohsiet (oculis). id. 
 27. 12, 85. Rett, purgor, will) i.ljj. of 
 thing ; qui purgor bilem sub verni tr-m- 
 piiris horara, Hur. A. P. 502. 2. 
 
 Kxpr. by various phrases with alvum ; 
 alvum solvere, Cels. i, }; a. exonerare, 
 Plin. 10, 44. 61 ; a. ciere, id. 20, 9, }8 ; 
 a. movere, Cato, R. It. 115: (violently) &. 
 purgationesollicitare. Cels l.praef.fiv. : 
 (by a clyster) a. ducere, Cels. 2, 12- a. 
 suliducere, Cels. 5.4. 7'(/;)»r'/'', in trans. 
 = to be purgeil. purgari : alvum dejiccre, 
 Cato, R. K. 158: dejlcere, alone, Varr. 
 R. R. 2, II, J. 
 
 purged (a<^lj-): i- e- clean, pure: 
 purgiitns: (a) Jrom grossness : est mihi 
 purgatam crebro qui per.'^onet anrem, 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, 7: (b) in the legal sense : 
 it.i liducia quam argumeiitis purgatiores 
 dimittuniur, Sail. Kr. ap Non. ?i-). 22. 
 ((.'Hilt) tluUcan be p.d avo.y, piubilis; 
 v. KXrHTE. 
 
 purger; ^'- i'lrh'ier. 
 
 purging («'(?•)•• purgativus; rarely, 
 puruaticius (Non. Tir. p. 120): v. plr- 
 
 <i-VTIVK. 
 
 purging (««bs.) .- 1. purgatio : of 
 the body, p. alvi, Cic. N. I). 2. ?!, /i7i.; 
 or p. atone, id. Fum. 16. 10: — apijogy, 
 justification, Ter. Heaul. 4, i, 12. Cic. 
 Inv. I, 11: in the religious sense, I'lin. 
 I?. JO, 40: forgetting the p. an ay of his 
 old sins, oblivionem accipiens puiga- 
 tionis vetenim snorum delictorum, Vulg. 
 2 Pet. i. 9 (purgatus, us, »n. is a doubtful 
 reading, Cic. N. D. 2, so ; and should at 
 all events be used only in abl. : v. I'UR- 
 GATION, puuiFiCATiON). 2. medical, 
 alvi dejeclio, Cels. i, i: Sen. Ep. 120, 
 mfd. 
 
 purification ■ 1. material and 
 pliysiciil, purgatio : of the seu-ey-s. p. 
 cl(iacarum, Traj. in Plin. Ep. 10, 41, 
 /in. : a religious p., e. g. from homicitle 
 (caedis): quia (laurus) sulTimenlum sit 
 caedis hostium el purgatio, Plin. 15, jo. 
 40. 2, puriliiatio: (laurus) puri- 
 
 ticitionibus adhihetur, id. ib. : one ought 
 not to approach tite temples uiile.-^s 
 cleansed by religious p.s (or, purified by 
 saf.red rites), niemlncrit non nisi reli- 
 gionis puriticatione lustratus ad t-miila 
 accedere debere. Mart. 8, praef. 3. 
 purgamen, Tnis, n., and -nientum, i, »., 
 esp. for the means of p.. v. I'UKiFv. 
 4. 1 u strati o . p. by sacrijice, v. 
 i.rsTRATiON. 5. februum (the .Saliinc 
 word from which oanif thefeslivol of /i.. 
 tebn'ia, orum, ?). ; on tlj" lith of Keli- 
 ruary : also called the Eupercalia) : 
 " fehruum " Sabini " pnrgamcntum" 
 (appellant), Varr. 1.. E. 6, ;, 5;: Fest. 
 .s. V. Februarius . Februa Womani dixere 
 piamina patres. Ov. F 2. 19 : also febni- 
 atio, onis, /., id. ib. 6. piainen, inis, 
 n. Ov. I. c. : and expi,"itio, onis,/.: v. 
 KXflATION. 
 
 purificatory, purificative (adj.) ■ 
 
 purgaticius, Non. lir. p. 120: also by 
 various verbs and suhsts. ■ v. itrikying. 
 -■1 purificatory saiTifice, lustrum, -atio : 
 
 v. I.IISTRATIOX. 
 
 purified ("dj.)t punis (v. pitrr): 
 purL'aius (V. purged): and the partt. : 
 
 v. PURIFV. 
 
 purifier: 1. purgator e.g. p. 
 doaearum. Firm. Math. 8. 20. Fig. 
 of the soul, animae, Ang. C. D. 10, 10. 
 2. purificus as epithet, Jinr the 
 purifier, purilicnm .loveni precatus, 
 Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. J2R, (at. teg. lerrl- 
 ticuMiV Also by the verbs and partt.. 
 qui purgat. purgans, etc. He .■<hall sit 
 OS Ihe refiner and p. of sihrr, sedebit 
 coiittans it emundans argentum, Vulg. 
 Mai. iii. ?. 
 
 purify : 1. purgo. exptirgo, re- 
 pnrgo,et<;.- v.topcrgk. Other examples 
 where purify is the strict translation: 
 Luce Palis populos purget u« ille cinis. 
 
 Ov. F. 4, 640 : ((Air priests) p.ivg the 
 iva Us by sol^n focrilice, festo purganles 
 moenia lustro, Lucan i, 59}: of lan- 
 guage or style : quo magis expurgandus 
 est sermo: Cic. Brut. 74, 2<8 : purum 
 facere is good I..atin : mundum facere. 
 good but late. 2. puriflco, i. good 
 
 but bite: to p. a hotiey-cf>mb, p. favum, 
 I'lin. 21, 14, 41: land, agrum, GelL 19, 
 12, Jin. : se purificanles solleniniter 
 aqua circumspergl (of a belief about a 
 religious meaning in the ablutions of 
 the elepliaiit), Plin. 8, i, i : nomeo 
 Antoninorum tu purlfica ; quod ille 
 (Klagabalus) inlamavit, tu puriflca, 
 l.amprid. Alex. Sev.7. 3. pur^fiiclo. 
 j: late: Non. 114, 19. 4. puro, i: 
 relig. only, very rare : sacra, Fest. s. v. 
 propbetas. 5. bistro, i : (to p. by a 
 propitiatory sacrijice): agrura luslrare 
 sic o[)ortet, Cato, K. U. 141 : t«rque 
 sentm flanima, ter aqua, ter snlphure 
 lustrat, Ov. M. 7, 261 : to p. onejrlf, 
 lustror : lusiramurque Jovi votisque 
 inccndimus aras, Virg. Aen. ?, 179. 
 .Join: purgare, luslrare : domus pur- 
 ganlur lustranturque, Plin. 25, 9, 59. 
 
 6, februo: I, Varr. in Non. 114, 22. 
 
 7. emendo : l, esp. of language 
 and style, Cic. Ot. 46, 155: yuiiit 2, 2, 
 
 7. Comp. TO CLKAN. CLKANSK, SWKEP, 
 
 WASH, wipK, etc. A means of purify- 
 ing, purgiimen, Tnis, n. ; purgamentum, 
 n., Pelr. 1J4: febrnamenium, Cens. de 
 Die. Nat. 22. NoTi — purify as c. n. 
 (Burnet, etc.), purus fieri. 
 
 purifying (adj.) : 1. purgator 
 
 (et. L. G. } 598'; of course only masc. : 
 tfj be cleansed oj' vice by p. flame ; 'Igne 
 quodam purgatoie vitiis. liherari : with 
 fem. purgiitrix (piirgatrke aqua se ex- 
 piare, Teit. Bapt. 5). 2. purgatorius: 
 p. virtues, virtules p., Macr. S. S. i, 6, 
 med. 3. purilicus (late and rare): 
 p. dew, p. ros, Lacl. 4, 15. (Purgaticius, 
 V. late and rare.) 4. expr. by rel. 
 clause and predicate purge ; with which 
 an object must be expr. : p. _/ire, i^is 
 qui omnia purgat. etc. 
 
 purifying (subs.) : purgatio ; purl- 
 flcatio; purgamen (poet.), purgamen- 
 tum : v. PUKIFICATION, TU PUEIFV. 
 
 Late, purgiitiira : Edict. Diocl. p. 20 : 
 also emundatio (sanctificat ad emunda- 
 lionem camis), Vulg. Heb. ix. j. 
 
 purism, nurist : in language ; the 
 translation depends on the shade of 
 meaning (v. prRE. pimtv): for the Kid 
 sense, pbia>es will be found in yuiiii. 
 J. II. 21, loll.: e.g. haec alfectata sub- 
 tilitas circa nomiiia rerura; diligentia 
 nimium soilicit;i ; homo diligentiae ni- 
 mium soUicitae ; siibiilis. 
 
 puritan : as hl^torlctU term, 'Piirl- 
 tiinus ; e secta Puritanorum, qui appella- 
 bantur. 
 
 puritanical: Phr. : p.iM.vs, 'nimis 
 scrupulosa ac tetrica viiae inbtiluia 
 quae de Puritanorum secta tracta esse 
 videantiir. 
 
 puritanically : v. preced. art. 
 
 Puritanism : *Purit!iiiismus qui ap- 
 ]>ellaUir; eorum opinio qui ritus ouines 
 alienos ab ecclesia expurg-are studebimu 
 
 purity, pureness : 1. cji>uta8 
 
 (p. of' life and morals ; often with lef. 
 to bodily and sexiinl p.): also castT- 
 monla (^old Lat., castitudo : antlquam 
 castitudiiKin, .\tt. in Non 8;. 1 1 ) : castl- 
 nionia, esp. of the purity reijuireii of a 
 prieft or imrsliipper : castv jiibet lex 
 adire ad deos: aninio videlicet, in quo 
 sunt omnia; nee tollil ca>linioniani cor- 
 poris, Cic. Ijeg. 2, 10, 24: opp. to liien- 
 tious irrofanations : quae.s;icia per suiii- 
 mam ca.stimoniam viroruin ac inulierum 
 fiant, eadem per istius stuprum ac flagi- 
 tluni esse violata, Cic. Verr. 2, 4. 45, /n. ; 
 of moral purity in general : whence we 
 find joined, gravitas et ca.-tluuinia, Cic. 
 Coel. 5, II: of sfWless purity oJ' nuiralt, 
 cistitate vitae sanotus, Gell. 15, 18: by 
 pureness, tiy knowledge, etc., in castitate, 
 in scienti;\, Vulg. 2 Cor. vi. 6. For the 
 more limited sense, comp. ut sentiaut 
 mulieres naturain feminarum omnem 
 casiitjitem pati (aU purity), Cic. Leg. 2, 
 12,29. 2. mundllia; also, nmnditiefl, 
 597
 
 PURL 
 
 PURPLE 
 
 PURPORT 
 
 SI (cleanness, neatness, elegance) : Fig.: 
 pureness of hands (salval)itur innocens 
 tn) munditia manumn suanim.Vulg. Job. 
 zxii, JO ■ pureness of heart, coidix mun- 
 ditia, id. I'rov. xxii. ii : purity (and ele- 
 gance) of lanyuage, ni. verborum, Gell. 
 I, 2J. Join: venustas et nmndities 
 orationis, id. lo, j, Quint. 8, j, 87. 3. 
 Integritas (unblemished life and cha- 
 racter): Join iiitegritas atque inno- 
 centia.Cic. Div. Veir. 9. Also, ot female 
 cliastity, purity and modesty : mulierem 
 summa integritate pudicitiaque existi- 
 mari, Cic. Verr. 2, i. 25, 64. Of styh : 
 Incorrupta quai dam l^aiini sennonis in- 
 tegritas, Cic. Brut. };, 1 J2. 4. sin- 
 Cerftas (freedom from guile and deceit) : 
 p. of the whole life, s. summae vitae, Val. 
 Max. 5, J, 2, extr. : of p. of language ; 
 Join: sinceritas and Veritas : ad iiorum 
 autem .sinceritatem veritatemque ver- 
 borum an adspiraverit Caecilius, consi- 
 deremus, Gell. 2, 2j. 5. sauctimonia, 
 and sanctitas (irreproachableness ; a pure 
 and holy character, and a reverent regard 
 for what is pure and holy) : comp. priscae 
 Banctinioniae virgo, Tac. A. ?, 69: sanc- 
 timonia nuptiarum, Auct. Her. 4, JJ ; ut 
 teneriores aiinos (juvenum) ab injuria 
 sanctitas docentis cu.stodiat, Quint. 2, 2, 
 J: of chastity, in women: pudorptii smc- 
 titatemque feminarum abrogare, Liv J4, 
 6: in men, Plin. Ep. i, 12: Veil. 2, 29-, 
 of language : Join sanctitas et viri- 
 litas, p. and manly vigour, sanctitas 
 certe et, ut sic dicatn virilitas ab iis 
 (vet. Lat,"* petenda est, quando nos in 
 omnia deilciarum vitia dicendi qi'oque 
 rations defluximus. Quint, i, 8, 9. 6. 
 puritas, late : —cleanness, Macr. Somn. 
 Scip., I, It, fin. : of urine. Pall. 11, 14, 
 med. : of life, p. vivendi, Capitol. Ver. j : 
 of style, sermonis, Hier. Ep. 57. (N.B. — 
 The best writers use purus for style : 
 V. PUEE. With purity i v. purely: of 
 style, emendate ; to speak with purity, 
 emendate loqui. Quint. 8, i, 2.) 
 
 purl(s«&s.); |. Perhapscontr.fr. 
 purfie, an embroidered hem ; limbus : 
 v. BORDKB, HE>f. ||, A drink ; beer 
 infused with bitter and aromatic heibs : 
 •potus, or potio, qui (quae) Anglice 
 purl dicitur. (Ainsw. gives, * potus 
 ftbsynthio commistus.) 
 
 purl (!>•) •• i. e. to flow vnlh a gentle 
 sound (of water " tbe brook tbat purls 
 along the vocal grove," opp. to "fretting 
 o'er a rock"): the same opposition in 
 the two foil, lines : — 
 " Laeta susurrantes fugiunt per gramina 
 
 rivi;" and, 
 " It praeceps per saxa sonans spumantia 
 
 rivis." 
 Perh. best single words, murmuro and 
 Busurro, l : but various poet, terms and 
 phrases may be used for the v. and the 
 a^. purling, as loquor, loquax ; garrio, 
 garrulus ; sono, sonans ; queror, que- 
 rulus; *iiuunt queruli sinuoso tramite 
 rivi. Also purling, s. (of water, etc.) 
 murmur, sonitus Defluit incerto lapi- 
 dosusmurmurerivus ; Sicegotorrentem, 
 qua nil obstabat eunti, Ijenius et niodico 
 strepitu decurrere vidi, Ov. M. ?, 569! 
 comp. also (for the scene rather than the 
 ucn-d), uda Mobilibus pomaria rivis, 
 Hor. Od. 1, 7, 14. 
 
 purloin ; 1. surrlpio, ui, reptum, | 
 3 (to steal privily) : to p. soared vessels 
 from a private house, vasa ex private 
 sacra a.Cic. Inv 2, 18, 55 • Hor. Phaedr. 
 2. subduco, xi, ctum, j (poet.) he 
 moumsover thep.ingof his fn-ize-money, 
 subducta viatica plorat, Hor. Ep. i, 17, 
 54. 3. suffuror, i : joined with sup- 
 pilo I : haec quum video fieri, suffuror, 
 suppilo, de praeda praedam capio, PI. 
 True. 2, 7, 16-17. 4. compilo, i : in- 
 ventus est scriba quidam qui . . . ab 
 ipsis cautis Jurisconsultis eorum sa- 
 pientiam compilarit, Cic. Mur. 11, 25: 
 Hor. 
 
 purloiner : fur : v. thief. Or expr. 
 by verb: v. to purloin. 
 
 purple (subs.) : 1. purpura, /. 
 
 (»rop0upa, orig. the p. -fish, Plin. 9, 36, 
 
 foil.): gen. term lor any red or rosy 
 
 colour : natural ; a p. hue shines through 
 
 598 
 
 dark violet in the leaves, in foliis . . . . 
 violae sublucet purpura nigrae, Virg. G. 
 
 4, 27; ; artificial; purpurae usum Komae 
 semper liiisse video, Plin. 9, }% 6j. Used 
 of different shades of p. : Join pur- 
 purae and conchylia : sea-shells used for 
 p. dyes, concharum ad purpuras et con- 
 chylia . . . eadem enim est materia, sed 
 distat temperamento . . .duo sunt genera, 
 Plin. 9, 36, 61 . just as nearly all the 
 best p.s are now dyed, qualiter onmes 
 paene commodiores purpurae tinguntur, 
 ib. : a violet p., violacea purpura, 
 ib. . a double-dyed Tyrian p., dibapha 
 Tyria (p. not expressed), ib. Esp. for 
 p. cloth, dress, and coverings : you re- 
 member his dress and p. reaching to the 
 heels (i.e. thepraetexta),amictum atque 
 illam usque ad talos demissam p. re- 
 cordamini, Cic. Clu. 40, 1 1 1 : an ivory bed 
 with a coverlet of gold at^d p., lectus 
 eburneus, auro ac purpura stratus, Suet. 
 Caes. 84 : as a token of wealth, splendour, 
 and luxury: shining in p., qui nitent 
 unguentis, qui fulgent purpura, Cic. Cat. 
 2, J, 5. Join ; aurum et purpura, gold 
 and p. : Nam amator meretricis mores 
 sibi emit auro et purpura, PI. Most, i, }, 
 128. In old times skins, now gold and 
 p. rack The life of men tuith cares and 
 weary uars. Tunc igitur pelles, nunc 
 aurum et purpura curis Exercent ho- 
 minum vitam, belloque fatigant, Lucr. 
 
 5, 1422-J ; repose, my friend, not to 
 be purclMsed with gems or p. or gold, 
 (otium) (Jrosphe, non gemmis neque 
 purpura venale nee auro, Hor. Od. 2, 
 16, 7. Esp. the regal p , as the emblem 
 of royal power atid state . ilium non 
 populi, non purpura regum flexit, Virg. 
 G. 2,495. Meton. for kings: And 
 p.d slaves (lit. purple) that serve the 
 Roman sword, Atque omnis Latio quae 
 servit purpura ferro, Lucan 7, 228 • to 
 assume tliep. (be proclaimed as emperor), 
 purpuram sumere, Eutrop. 8,9; to adore 
 the p. (i. e. the emperor), adorare pur- 
 puram, Anim. 21, c), fin. : Cod. Theod. 6, 
 24, } born in the p., porpbyrogennetus 
 (TTop<t>vpoyevvriTOi;), or. Latinized, por- 
 phyrogenitus, a title of children of the 
 Eastern emperors born during their 
 father's reign. 2. purptirissum, n. 
 (irop(j>vpi(ov) : us, m., late Latin : a deep 
 crimson p., PI. Most, i, j. 104 Plin. 35. 
 
 6, 12 ■ hence, (books) bound in p. or 
 crimson, purpurissati, adapted from the 
 piirpurissatl fasti (the consular fasti, so 
 called from the colour of their robes), 
 Sid. Kp. 8, 8. 3. murex, icis, m., 
 esp. the dye (from the mollusc so called 
 poet.) : Tyrioque ardebat murice laena, 
 Virg. Acn. 4, 262. 4. ostrum, n. (same 
 meaning as No. .3): ostro perfusae vestes, 
 ib. 5, III: for a covering or dress of 
 p. ; tliey recline on the spread p., stra- 
 toque super discumbitiir ostro (i. e. 
 on purple-covered couches), ib. i, 700. 
 Join; purpura and ostra, though p. 
 shines from the Tyrian shells,, Poeiiis si 
 purpura fulgeat ostris. Prop. 4, j, 51. 
 Hence, purple-coloured, (poet.) ostri- 
 color, Sid. Carm. 5, 18. 5. conchy- 
 lium ((coYYvAioi/, same sense as Nos. 3 
 and 4) : au dyed tvith p., nil nisi con- 
 chylio tinctum, Cic Verr 4, 26, 59. 
 Comp. purpureusque colos conchyli 
 jungitur uno corpore cum lanae, Lucr. 
 
 6, 1073. Join: purpura and conchy- 
 limn : (of luxurious education) : quid 
 non adultus concupiscet, qui in purpuris 
 repit ? Nondum prima verba expiimit, 
 Jam conchylium poscit. Quint, i, 2, 6 : 
 and in pi. Spartana chlamys, conchylia 
 Coa, Juv. 8, loi. Hence, clad, clothed, 
 or rolled in p., conchyliatus. Sen. Ep. 
 62 • also purpilratiis, (esp. as subs, for 
 a coin-tier) : minitare purpuratis tuis, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 4J, 102 : Sopatrum ex pur- 
 puratis et propinquls regis esse, Liv. jo, 
 42 : also purpiireus (poet.) medio re.x 
 ipse resedit Agniine purpureus, Ov. M. 
 
 7. loj. Purple in compounds puipiira- 
 rius, adj., p.-works, p. officinae, Plin. j?, 
 6, 1 7 : a p. -shop or warehouse, p. tabema, 
 Paul. 32, I, 89 : o p.-di/er, purpiirarius, 
 TO. (subs.) Inscr. : a dealer in p. (Lydia), 
 purpiiraria, /., Vulg. Act. Apost. xvi. 
 
 14 : a p. dye - house, purpuraria, /,, 
 Inscr. 
 
 purple (o^j): 1. purpiireus: p. 
 colour or tint, p. colos (-or), Lucr, 6, 
 1073 : p. di-ess or robe, p. vestis, p. 
 pallium the splendour of a p. robe, 
 vestis splendorem purpurea!, id. 2, 51 : 
 quum iste cum palllop. talarique tunica 
 versaretur in conviviis muliebribus, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, i ;. Poet. (Eng. as well as Lat.) 
 for a variety of tints, from rose-red to 
 blue-black ; and even gen. for splendid 
 or beautiful : p. flos rosae.Hor. Od. 3, 1 5, 
 15 : J3. dawn, p. aurora, Ov. M. 3, 184 : p. 
 light, p. lumen, Virg. Aen. 6, 641 : p. eyes, 
 p. orbes, Val. Fl. 3, 198 . p. blush, purpu- 
 reus moUi fiat in ore rubor, Ov. I r. 4, j, 
 70 p. life-blood, purpuream vomit ille 
 animam, Virg. Aen. 9, 349: poppies, 
 papavera. Prop, i, 20, 38 :Jig, ficns, Plin. 
 15, 18. 19 : ivine, mustura, id. 3, 15, 17 : 
 the sea (opp. to caeruleus, blue, and 
 ravus, grey), mare illud, quod nunc Fa- 
 vonio nascente purpureum videtur, .... 
 nobismetipsis modo caeruleuni, Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 33, 105. Melon., of per- 
 sons: (Acron) with his purple crest, 
 purpureum pennis et pactac conjugis 
 ostro, Virg. Aen. 10, 722 : p. tyrants 
 (i. e. in aU the pomp of their royal 
 robes), te (Fortunam) Purpurei me- 
 tuunt lyranni, Hor. Od. 1, j;, 12. £• 
 Greek forms : porphyiitis, idis, /. ; 
 porphyreticus and purpiirlticus (used 
 only of stones) : p. red, the colour of 
 poiphyry, q. v. 3. ostrinns : p. 
 
 tints, ostrini colores, Plin. 9, 39, 64: 
 p. cloth, ostriuum supparum, Varr. in 
 Non. 549. 12. 4. conchyliatus: p. 
 carpels, c. peristromata, Cic. Phil. 2, 27: 
 a p. dress (p. cloth for dresses), c. vestis, 
 Plin. 9, 39, 64. 5. purple or purpled, 
 tinged with p. red (purpurissum), pur- 
 purissatus • cheeks, quiaque istas buccas 
 tam belle purpurissatas habes, PI. True. 
 2, 2, 35 : genae, Apul. Apol. p. 323. 
 6. Tyrius, poet. Tyrios mirare 
 colores, Hor. Ep. i, 6, 18 • clothed in a 
 p. robe urith a border of gold, indutus 
 chlamydem Tyriam, quam limbus obibat 
 Aureu.s, Ov. M. 5, 51 : Tyrios laudabis 
 amictus, id. A. A. 2, 29". 
 
 purple (v.): I. Trans.: pur- 
 ptiro, 1 ; to tinge with p., gen. poet., 
 e. g. the waves, Spiritus Eurorum viridis 
 cum ptirpurat undas. Fur. ap. Gell. 18, 
 II. II. Intrans. ; groiv or be p., or 
 be purpled : said of liglU and flowers, 
 Milton, Dr^den, etc.: purpQro, i: the 
 Latin word often requiring to be 
 translated by tbe adj. or part., purple, 
 purpling, piupled whose foliage is p. 
 and gold, fiondens quae purpurat auro. 
 Col. 10, 201 (al. leg. frondet quae pur- 
 pura et auro) the p.ing violets, purpu- 
 rantes violae, Virg. Aen. 5, 160 : paints 
 the p.d (or purpling) year with flowers, 
 purpurantem pingit annum floribus, 
 Pervig. Ven. 12. Incept.; purpn- 
 rasco, J ; unda purpurascit, Cic. Fr. 
 ap. Non. 162, 31. 
 
 purpled (adj.) : purpiiratus, pur- 
 puratis, piu'pdrissatus . v, purple, adj. 
 and V. 
 
 purpling (adj-): purpurans, ptir- 
 piirascens v. purple, v. 
 
 purplish : purpurans, purptirfssatus. 
 
 purport (subs.) : 1. sententia 
 
 (sense, significance) : a letter icas read 
 to the same p., recitatae sunt tabellae in 
 eandem fere seiitentiam, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 
 10 : cf. de Domitio dl.xit versum Graecum 
 eadem sententia (of the same p.) qua 
 etiam nos habemus Latinum, id. iJeiot. 
 9, 25. 2. signif icatio (meaning) : p. 
 of a writing or document, a. scripti, Cic. 
 Part. Or. 51, 108. 3. voluntas (spirit 
 or intention, esp. as distinct from mere 
 letter) : the p. of a lair, v. legis, Quint. 3, 
 6.99: Join, vis et voluntas the force 
 or p. of ivords, verborum vis aut volun- 
 tas, id. 12. 2, 19. See also, drift, pur- 
 pose, FORCK, MEANING. 4. exem- 
 plum (identical words as uell as sense) : 
 of (or to) the same p. (and in the same 
 ii'ords), uno or eodeui exemplo : SO, 
 literae uno exemplo, Cic. Kam. 4, 4: 
 scribere bis eodem exemplo, ib. 9, 16;
 
 PURPORT 
 
 P U I'v P O S E 
 
 PURPOSE 
 
 testatnentum duplex, sed eodem exem- 
 plo, Suet. Tib. "16: to this (the folio ■ - 
 ing) p.. hoc exemplo: Capuae llttrae 
 sunt allatae boc exemplo, I'ompeius 
 mare translit, Clc. Atu q, 6. 5. ^'•^''y 
 freq. Dy phrases, wlih the verbs specto, 
 tendo. volo, e. g. vhat is the p. nj this 
 discourse! quo igiiur haec spectat ora- 
 tlo? Id. Att. 8, 2 qiiorsum hai c omnis 
 gpcctiit oratio? id. I'hil. 7, 9. 26; do you 
 catch the p. of nhat J say r lines quor- 
 enm haecce terjdant quae loquor.> Pi. 
 Ps. I, 2, 86 (cf. llor. S. 2, 7, 21) nor 
 could I clearly perceive the p. of the Imr, 
 or of those words, nee satis int>-ll>-xi 
 quid sibi lex aut quid verba Ista vellt-nt, 
 
 CiC I.,eg. J, 15, }!: V. EFFECT, IMPOET, 
 UF^NtNG. 
 
 purport (''■): 1. sienlfico, i (to 
 indicat'; ngnify): cf. Ov Met. 1;, 576, 
 quid sihi signiticent trepidaniia consulit 
 exta (teel{S to asca-tain fhat they p.). 
 
 2. v6Io, } irr. with dot. of )ejl. 
 pron. : V. TO MKAN. 3. val^o, 2 (to 
 liary a certain I one or meaniny): they 
 d/> not see uhat this xi'ord ps, hoc verbura 
 quid vuleat, non vident Cic. Off. ), 9, J9. 
 
 4. specto, I. foil, by ad (lo Uiolc or 
 point in a certain direction) ; that the 
 matter p.'d seilition, rem ad seditionem 
 spectare. Liv. 25, {. 
 
 purpose (sitbs.) : the end or design 
 propised, liesired, or efTected: the me til- 
 ings running too much into each other 
 to be separate!, except by p.vampl's. 
 
 1. propOsItum (object definitely set 
 before one} : v:hat was I'ompey's p. cr 
 desire in regard to fighting ? quidnam 
 Pompeius propositi aut voluntatis ad 
 dimicandum haberet, Caes. B. C. }, 84 : 
 to attai7i one's p., p. asseqiii, Cic. Fin. 
 J, 6 : (') hold or Keep to one's p., p. tenere, 
 Nep. Kum. ? ; in proposito nianere, -^uet. 
 Gr. 24 : a man Jinn to his p., iuMuxn et 
 tenacem propositi virum, Hor. Oil. ?, 5, 
 I : tfie p. and manner of life, p. et vitae 
 genus, Phaedr. prol. j, 15: to speak 
 away from (or not to) the p., a p. de- 
 cllnare aliquantulum, Cic. Or. 40 ; egrcdl 
 a p. [omandi causa], id. Biut. 21 ; a p. 
 aberrare. Id. Kin. ;, 28. (Also, in abstr. 
 sense, propSsitio: the p. and phm of 
 this life, hiijus vitae p. et cogiiatio, Cic. 
 Tusc. ?, iK, {9.) 2. consilium (plan, 
 design): it is my p. to do so, consilium 
 est ita facere, PI. Mil 2, j, 74 : / aban- 
 don the p. that I was at first betit upon, 
 repudio quod consilium primum inten- 
 derani, I'er. Andr. 4, j, 18 : u-ith the p. 
 nf, etc., eo consilio, ut Irumento Cae- 
 sarem inlercludiret, Caes. B. ti. i, 48 ; 
 on p., consilio, Virg, Aen. 7, 216: Liv. 
 J5, 14: and with gen. of the subject, of, 
 by, or through tlie p. of (e. g. of the 
 gods), sive casu, sive consilio deorum 
 immortalium, Caes. B. G. 1, 12 : v. 
 PLAN. 3. institiitum (rmirfe re- 
 
 solved and entered upon) : all that has 
 nothing to do loith the p. <f this nork, 
 ad hujus libri instltutum ilia nihil per- 
 tinent, Cic. Top. 6: in pursuance of 
 (according to) his p., instituto suo 
 Caesar ex castris copias ediixit, Cues. 
 B. G. 1, 50. 4. senteniia (resolution, 
 meaning to do something) : so far as I 
 understood just noiv the old man's p. 
 about the marriage, quantum iiitellexi 
 niodo senis sententiam de niiptils, Ter. 
 Andr. i, 1, ? : if it is one's p. to, etc., si 
 lionestatem tueriacretineresenientiaesi, 
 Tic. Off. J. JJ: ■'^aturius pi^sists in his 
 p., perstatin sententia S., Cic. Rose. Com. 
 18, 56: what foUoirs is to the .tfljne p., 
 quae sequuntur in eadem sententia sunt, 
 id. Tusc ?, 18, 42. To alter (me's p., 
 matare sententiam, Cic. Mur. 29 (also, 
 consilium, Caes. B. C. 2, 11 ; propositum, 
 Petr. 116). 7b move f mm, one's p.. ali- 
 quem de sententia dedticore, Clc. Brut. 
 25, ad fin. 5. studium (eager bent 
 or desire) : to restrain (a man) from his 
 p., retrahere (poetam) ab studio' Ter. Ph. 
 prol. 2 not on p. but by chance, non 
 studio, sed fortuito. Modest. Dig. 40, ?. 
 
 6. expr. by aiiTmus esp. in such 
 phrr. as in anlnio alicui est, nobis erat in 
 auimo CIceronem ad Caesarem mittere, 
 Cic. Fam 14, 11 : in animo habere, etc. : 
 
 istum exheredare in animo habebat, Cic. 
 Hose. Am. 18, 22 : less good, ainnius 
 alicul est: it had been the p. of the 
 cirnspirators (or, tlie c.s had purposed), 
 tueiat iinmiua coi.juraii-i [bona publi 
 carej, Suet. Cans. 82 (o/«rmup.,animum 
 or ill aiiiiiium liiduoTe the p. he liad 
 entertained for a little while he did not 
 hoUi, id quod animum in'iuxit paulls{>er 
 non t'-iiuit, Cic. Alt. 7, }. 7. desiliiaiio 
 (settlejl determination : late and iiilreq.): 
 accirrding to tlie p. of M. Agiippa, ex 
 (lesiinatione M. Agrippae, Plln. {, 2. }. 
 Also, destinalum (prop, a mark aimed 
 at): cf. neque tuis neque l-iviae desti- 
 iiatis adversabor, Tac. A. 4, 40 : on p., 
 ex destiiiato. .Sen. Clem. 1,6 .Suet. Cal. 
 4J. 8. finis. i.s. III. (end. object) : the 
 p. of elitquewe is to persuade by lan- 
 guage, t. (tacundiae), persuadere dictione, 
 Cic. Iiiv. I, ;, 6 an art useful frr the 
 p.s nf life, ad tincm vitae utilem (arteni), 
 t^uini. 2. 17, 41 : for this p.. ad eum f. 
 (late) quod ad eum liiieiri memoravi- 
 mus, Tac. a. 14, 64: ef. end. object. 
 
 9. mens, nils, f. : they sca7i the p.s 
 of the gods ni the entrails of sacrifices 
 (poet csnstr.j, mente>que deum scru- 
 tiiiitur in illis (fibris). Ov. M. 5, IJ7: 
 with this p., ea mente, Cic. Fam. 12, 14 : 
 (nothing) shakes (him) in his strculfast 
 p., meme quatit solida, Hor. Od. ?, j, 4. 
 
 10. voluntas (tfish) : joined with 
 mens: I have formed this mind and p., 
 banc mentem v.que su.seepi, Clc. Cat. 
 I. 9, 22 : to prosper one's p.s, volunta- 
 tibus obsecuniiare, Cic. Man. 16, 48 : to 
 change one's mind and p., mentem el 
 voluntatem mutare, Cic. Prov. Cons. 10. 
 With the p. of.oT on p. to, cum ea volun- 
 tate ut (laederet), Cic. Kl. 5, II : on p., 
 of set p., voluntate (opp. to casu): ef. 
 DESIGN, intention. Join: volnnUite 
 et Judicio. 11. express by periphrasis 
 of such verbs as volo, speeto, peto, se- 
 quor, valeo, with id, quod, quid, and 
 01 her pronouns: his p. teas to...., id 
 voluit (foil, by infin.), Ter. Andr. i, 2, 9. 
 Note esp. phr. sibi velle (to have a cer- 
 tain meaning or p.) : cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
 5i, 150. quid ergo illae, quid sibi statuae 
 equestres inauiatae volunt (=ivhat is 
 their meaning or p. f) : to have great p.s, 
 magna spectare, Cic. Off. 2, i ;, 45 . to 
 tvhat p., quid speetans? (for specto, cf. 
 dktft, pdrpokt ; and for jieto and s<'- 
 quor, cf. AIM) : valeo, with adv. : nesv.is 
 quo valeat nunimus (what p. it serves), 
 Hot. S. I, I. 7}. Phr.: (i.) uith, 10, or 
 
 for, this or that p., banc, or earn aii rem, 
 ea re, ob eam rem : men mare fit for 
 the p., homines magls ad banc rem ido- 
 neos, PL I'oeii. i, 2, 6: as antecedent, 
 tvith this p. that, for or uilh the p. of, eo, 
 ideo, followed by ut: cf. banc ideo ra- 
 tionem subjeclmus, ut, etc., Cic. Inv. 2, 
 2J, 70. Also, ail, or in, foil, by pron. or 
 gerund ; ad (in) id speculator (-es) mis- 
 sus (-1), Caes. : cf. quum fingis fals.is 
 causas ad discordiam (on p. tn soir dis- 
 cord), Ter. Hec. 4,4. 71. (\\.)Jor or to 
 what p., quo. quorsum dixit profecto, 
 quo velle aurum, Cic. Coel. 2i,/». : tjuo 
 niihi fortiinam, si non conceditur uii ? 
 Hor. Ep. I, 5, 12 : (juorsum est opus .' 
 id. S. 2, 7, 116. Quorsum tandem, aut 
 cur, ista quaeris, Cic. Leg. i, i : to uhat 
 p. is all this talk!' qunrsum haec dicis? 
 to (for) another p. alio, aliorsum cf. 
 non alio daiam ginnmam quam in enip- 
 tionem. Suet. .Vug. 98: atqui ego istuc 
 aliovorsum dixeram, PI. Aul. 2, 4, 8. 
 (ill.) (Ml p.: (I), consulio- he orders the 
 caralry to give ground on p., c. equites 
 eedere jubet, Caes. B. G. 5, 50: v. itr- 
 posely. Join • consulto et cogitate 
 (with design and premeditation), Clc. : 
 V. df.si(;nedly. (2). d&ta or dg<)ita 
 6p6ra (with express intent) : v. pfjsign- 
 EDLV. (3). de (later ex) industria : esp. 
 irith a p. (opp. to wha^ is natural and 
 i/uileUss) : pauluni Interesse cenws, ex 
 animo omnia, ut I'ert natura, facias, an 
 de iiidiisiria ? Ter. And. 4, 4, 56 : cf. Di-> 
 siGNEULv (3). (iv.) iiithiint ap.: Incon- 
 sultc, icmere, sine consilio (v. incon- 
 sidebati-lv). (v.) to p., to good p. 
 (= effectively) : (1). ob rem ; opp. to 
 
 frustra. Sail. Jug. n.ad init.: Id fni». 
 tra an ob rem faciam, in veaira mana 
 situm e^t. Also, ad rem, in rem: what 
 is more to the p t quid magis in rem 
 e.-^t.> PL Kud. 1,4. I. (•>). prosji^re: v. 
 pb06PEW)Lslv. (3). iitiiiler (foi a good 
 p) : cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 44, I !5 id. Off. i, 25, 
 89. (•»). expr. by uoul or ex usu esse, 
 prodesse : more for your p., magis ex 
 usu tuo, Ter. Kun. 5, 9, 47 ; to uhat p. 
 is it for me to leign r quid mdil fingere 
 prodest? Ov. M. 1 (, 9!5. (5). expr. by 
 refeit : what is it to the p., if. that, 
 whether, etc. f quid relert, foil, by si, 
 uirum,anoi rel. clause, Cic. N. U. i. 28- 
 id Ulv. 2, }4,/n. -■ is it anything to the 
 p. iff si servus est, niiniquid relVrt? 
 PI. Ps. 2, 4, 28 : what's that to my p.f 
 quid Id mea refert? id. Cure. j. 25 (ct 
 tiia, lb. 88) : it is much to Uir p., mulium 
 ur magni relert : il is lo Utile p. that, 
 parvi refert, with Inf., Cic. y I- . i, i, 7 : cf. 
 pitrvi reiulit non siiseepisse ler Pb. 4. 
 3, 41. referi wiiL ad ren. . u. uhai p t 
 quum ad rem ietue refert? PI. Kp. 2, 2.91. 
 (vi.) to nop.: (1). Irustra: v. vain, ly. 
 (2). ineassum and (rarely) casoum : (not 
 in Cic, and savouring of pottif dici ion) : 
 to icield useless ueapmis to no p., vana 
 incassum jactare ti-la, l^iv. 10, 29 why 
 these fears to nop. r quid cassnni times? 
 Sen. Here. Oet. J5j. Join: leniere, 
 incassum, frustra : Lucr. 2, 1063. (3). 
 nequicquam : v. vain, in vain. (4). 
 nihil : all to no p. ! nil est .' Hor. S. 2, 
 i, 6: nihil agis. Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12 (cf. Cic. 
 Tusc. 2, 25, 61) : with inf. clau.se as subj., 
 it's to nop. stnding, at nihil est iguotum 
 ad ilium mittere, PL Cap. 2, 2, 94. Also, 
 nihil and neque refert: neque refert 
 videre quid dicmdum sit, Cic Brut. 29: 
 nihil attlnet it's to no p. saying nliat 
 J think on that matter, de quo quid sen- 
 tiam nihil attiiiet diore, id. Fam. 4, 7, j. 
 (5). Expr. by cuij. : e. g. inuiilis (v. cs- 
 PROFiTABLE): vaiius - V. oratio. Cic. Am. 
 26,96; irritus, ir. inceptum, Liv. 29, )j. 
 Join: vana et irriti testamenta. Suet. 
 Cat. j8: inanis: i. elocutio, Cic. de Or. i, 
 6, 20 : i. verba, Quint, 8, 2, 17 a lorrrnt 
 of words to no p., inani verborum tor- 
 renti, id. 10, 7, 2} (v pukposkluss, un- 
 meaning). Other phrr.: 7'm naiting 
 here to no p., niaiieo otiosus hie : to 
 labour to no p., operain, operam et 
 oleum, perdere (cf. labodr : vain); 
 agere actum (prov.), Ter. Ph. 2, i, ^^ : 
 Cic Am. 22. (vii.) to Oie p. (of words, 
 arguments, etc.) . app6^1tus (and -5). 
 with ad 1 to speak lo the p., dicrre ap- 
 posite ad persuasionem. Cic Inv. i, 5 : 
 an argument very much to the p., argu- 
 mentatio appositlsslma ad judicationem, 
 id. ib. I, 14. (viii.) from, Joreign to, 
 contrary to, not to, the p. (1). aiienus. 
 with gen., dat.. altl., ato with ab and 
 ad : not unsuitable fn- their p., neque 
 aliena consili (domus). Sail. C. 40 fo- 
 reign to the p. of oratory, arti oraioriae 
 al.. Quint. priKiem. 5 . not suited for (or, 
 foreign to) the p. of my life, al. a vita 
 mea, Ter. Ad. 5, S, 21 of fighting, ad 
 committenduin proeliiim aL tenipus, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, J4. (2). absurdus (infreq. 
 in this sense) : Join: al»urdum utque 
 alienuin, Ter Ad. 5. 8. . i. (3) ab re 
 (esp. with non : not foreign to the p., 
 e. g. to mention) . PI. ' ap. 2, 2. 88 ; Liv. 
 15. 82; Plin. J 7, 8, ?5 (illud non ab re 
 est dixisse, opp. to sup rvaiuum just 
 before), id. u. J. 2^ ("<"i ab re sli, it 
 will not be foreign to the p.), and often, 
 but not in (.Icero. (also, nihil ad rem- 
 nihil ad haec). (4). expr. sOpervica- 
 neus, rarely siiperviiciius (i<</r, super- 
 Jluous). Join: (nihilj inane, nihil bine 
 causa, nihil suiiervacineum : Clc. N. !•. 
 
 I, } }. 9' ■ it is to no p. to s. est, 
 
 with 171^11., Sail. C. 51 
 
 purpose ('• ) • ""'■o- archaice, to bt 
 purposed: 1. prOpono, j; alone, and 
 with animo, usu. foil, by direct ace. : 
 having accompi i.'hed what he hwl p.d, 
 consecutus id quod animo proposuerat, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 47 also, as impert. pats., 
 propositum est, with dat. of subject; 
 the thing purposed in m-m. ; or expr. by 
 inf. : also by ut and sulij. : although 
 599
 
 PUKPOSED 
 
 PURSE 
 
 PCRSrE 
 
 that was not uhat I originally p.d, cum 
 id mihl proposiium initio non fuisset, 
 CiaQ. F. I, I, 6: tkis is uhat I p. doing. 
 propositum est hoc milii facere, id. Brut. 
 6 : with ut, propositum est, ut eloquen- 
 tiam meam perspicias, ib. 92. Later as 
 V. intrans. toll, by infin. ; Paul p.d to 
 yo, etc., proposuit Faulus ire leroso- 
 lymam, Vulg. Act. xi.K. 21 ; propohiium 
 babeo, V. purpose, sabst. 2. e.\pr. by 
 animus, in various special phrr. : e. g. 
 in aiiimo alicui esse, in animo habere . 
 V. preced. art. (6). (Somewhat different 
 is. inducoaniuiumorin animuni, to briitg 
 tmr.self to ; prevail on oneself to du soiiui- 
 thing ; implying some difficulty in the 
 '"'"y.) 3. expr. by consilium est, with 
 ilat. of subject I p. to do so, consilium 
 est ita facere, PI. Mil. 2, 5, TJ I p. to 
 wait, ex>pectare c. est, Cic. Att. 5, 5. 
 4, coglto, I (esp. in familiar lang., 
 to he thinking of doing something) ; 
 I p. going to Antium, Antium me re- 
 cipere co^ito, Cic. Att. 2, 9, extr. : they 
 werep.ing to attack .... cogitabant ado- 
 riri, Caes. B. G. j, 24. 5. tendo, more 
 freq., inteudo, } ; alone or with animo: 
 with ace. of thing: cf. Cic. Ph. J'^ 4, 
 si C. Antonius quod animo intenderat 
 {wiMt he had p.d). perficere potuisset: 
 also wiih inf., whither they had p.d 
 going, quo ire inteiiderant. Sail. J. 107. 
 Less freq. reflect, with in ; cf. intend^re 
 se in rem. Quint. 4, 1, 59 : cf. 10 iNTtKD. 
 
 6. perh. ago, egi, actum, j {to he 
 about anything): cf. Cic. Mur. !3, 82, 
 id quod et agunt et moliuntur, they are 
 biitk p.ing and planning. E?p. a> frtq. 
 agito, I ; with animo or moiue : ag. in 
 animo bellum, Liv. 21, 2: also wiih 
 inf., ut mente agitaret bellum ren07are 
 (jj.d ri-neimng the tvar), Nep. Ham. i. 
 Poet my mind is p.ing, mens agital 
 iiiihi, with iTi/., Virg Aen. 9, iS'' : alone, 
 ag. liigum, ib. 2, 640; vJtat Fortune 
 may p., quae agitet fortuna, ib. j, 609. 
 
 7, in stronger sense : destine, 1 yio 
 fix definitely, decide upon an objective 
 point) : without accomplishing what lie 
 had p.d, infectis iis, quae agere desti- 
 naverat, Caes. B. C. i, JJ, fin. 8, 
 Btatuo, } : Join: statuere et deliberare 
 (io p. and deteimine) : e, g., iste certe 
 statuerat ac deliberaverat non adesse, 
 Cic. Verr 2. I, I, init. : babeo statutum 
 cum animo ac deliberatum, ib. }, 41, 
 9;. Comps. (1). constituo, ? (stronger 
 than simple verb) : with inf., I hear 
 
 that Pompey ps , audio coustilutum 
 
 esse Pompeio in Siciliam me mitleie, 
 Cic. Att. 7, "J : \\ itb ut and subj., I liad 
 p.d remaining, cunstitueram ut pridie 
 idus Aquini manerem, ib. 16, 10 : (2). 
 instituo, J (usu. implying an actual 
 commencement, according to plan) : cf. 
 institui Topica conscribere, id. Fain. 7, 
 19. See also, TO determine, intend, 
 
 RESOLVE. 
 
 purposed (part, and adj.) : v. des- 
 tined, DESIGNED, e, g. "a purposed 
 thing," Shaksp. ; "his purposed prey," 
 Milton ; 
 "Oaths were not purposed, more than 
 
 law, 
 To keep the just and good in awe." 
 
 Hudibras 
 Also in the common sense, propSsicus, 
 cogitatus, statiitiis, destinalus : a p. 
 crime. co«itatuin facinus. Suei. Tib. 19. 
 Join; meditatum et cogitatuni scel'is, 
 Cic. Phil. 2, ?4, 85. Also subs., desti- 
 natum, o thing p.d : cf. antequam desti- 
 nata componam {my p.d history), Tac. 
 H. I, 4. 
 
 purposeless: ca.'isus, Inanis, inutnis 
 (cf. PURPOSE, subs.) : hini- much of human 
 hfe is p. I 0! quantum est In rebus 
 inane ! Pers. I, I. , 
 
 purposely: cnnsullo (-e); cogitato 
 (-e) ; de (later ex) iiidusiria ; data or de- 
 dita opera; eo, ideo, ut: or prudens, 
 octens, in concord "ith subject (lor exx. 
 V. PURPOSE, subs.) . II hj/m I p. pass 
 over, quos prudens praetereo. Hor. S. i, 
 10,88. Join: consulto et cogitate, Cic. 
 Off. I, 8, fin. : ex destinato. Sen. Clem. 
 1,6: Suet. Cal. 4;. AV p., per impru- 
 dentiam, Cic. Or 56. 189. 
 600 
 
 purr (_svi>s. and v.): expr. by mur» 
 mar, iiris, n ,- murmiiro, i ; murmura- 
 tio (act of purring) : words used lor 
 any low, indistinct sounds uttered by 
 animals. 
 
 purr (subs.): a bird, the sea-lark, 
 *alauda marina (Ainsworth). 
 
 purse (subs.) : 1. crumena (less 
 freq. -iua) : usually hung round the neck, 
 cf. PI. As. J, J, 67, hie istam coUuca cru- 
 menam in coUo plane ; to take out one's 
 p., cr. de coUo detrahere; put (money) 
 into one's p., condere in cr. ; bring 
 home in one's p., in cr (In urbem) de- 
 ferre; alt in id. True. }, I, 7-10- ivith 
 one's p. full, non deficiente or., Hor. 
 Ep. I, 4, 11: to rob or steal one's p., 
 crumenam pertundere (lit. to cut a hole 
 in it), PI. Ps. I, 2, ?8 ■ hence perhaps, a 
 cut-purse, *qui crumenam pertuiidit: 
 but V. No. 4. (>J.B.— Saccarius is rather 
 an embezzler, Ulp. Dig. 47, 11, 7.) To 
 tighten the p.-striiigs,*cr\iniemim ;istrin- 
 gere, contiahere (by anal.). 2. mar- 
 supUim (Gr. /liapcrvTrtof a leather pouch 
 drairn in at the mouth): there were 
 800/. in my p., numi octingenti aurei in 
 m. infuerunt, PI. Rud. 5, 2, 26 (cf. ib. 
 ji, iuerat in crumena); to take more 
 care of our p. than our life, majorem 
 curarti habere nos m. quam vitae nos- 
 trae, Varr. ap. Non. 2, 56} : to rip tip 
 
 . one's p, m. exenterare, PI. Epid. 2, 2, j : 
 marine fijih-preserves rather empty than 
 
 \fill their oamer's p. maritimae piscinae 
 potius m. domini exinaniuut, quam im- 
 
 ' plent, Varr. R. R j, 17. 3. Siicciilus, 
 m. (a snudi bag =: scrip): Plin. 2. 51, 
 52: the p. is full to the mouth, pleno 
 tuiget sacculus ore, Juv. 14, i j8 : prov. 
 for on empty or light p., pleiius s. est 
 aranearum, CatuU. li, n : opp. to area, 
 Juv. II, 26, ignoret, quiintum ferrata 
 distet ab area Sacculus (i. e. the differ- 
 ence between scanty means and large 
 ones). 4. zona (Gr. ^liiac a girdle: 
 a money-be't) : (said (■'. Gracchus) I 
 icent from. Jirnne with my p. full, and 
 brought it back empty, zonas, quas ple- 
 nas argeiiti extuli, eas ex provincia in- 
 anes lettuli, Gell. 15, 12, ./in. : to lose 
 one's p. (have it stolen), y.. perdere, Hor, 
 Ep. 2, 2, 40. Hence, a cut-purse, sector 
 zonarius, PL Trin. 4, 2, 20. Join- cut- 
 throats and cut-purses, sectores collorum 
 et bonorum, Cic Rose. Am. 29, 80. 
 5, fiinda (rare, and scarcely to be 
 followed) putting his hand in.... he 
 drew out, deniissa in pauperem fundam 
 manu, paucos denarios piotulit, Macr. 
 Sat. 2, 4, Jin. (funda seems by anal, to 
 be a iiet-purse, for which reticulum 
 may al^o be used: v. net). The lollow- 
 iiig signify larger receptacles for money, 
 but are often equivalent to our use of 
 purse : 6. meton. area (numey-chest ; 
 store of money) : (buy works of art for 
 me and) trust my p., a. nostrae confidito. 
 Cic. Att. 1,9: such proceedings dram 
 the governor's p., ea res arcam patris- 
 familias semper exhaurit. Col. j, j /o 
 fill the p. nith the price of, etc., preliis 
 eorum complere arcam, id. 8, 8 : the 
 public p., area quaestoria (=fiscus), 
 Symm. 10, jj, 40. 7. loculi, always 
 pi. (a receptacle with diff'erent comparl- 
 ments for various things) : to deposit 
 money safely in one's p., nuinmos in 
 loculos demittere, Hor. Ep. 2, i, 175. 
 Joined with sacculus, I've searched p. 
 and pockets (to see if I'd a coin lelt), 
 excussi loculosque sacculumque. Mart. 
 5, 40 ; used, like p., for briber}' (=; lar- 
 gitiol, Auson. Grat. Act. 5 : to give 
 'innney out of one's own p., den.iiios 
 dimaie, prolatos manu sua e peculiaribus 
 loculis suis. Suet. Galb. 12, Jin. (cf. 
 No. 9). 8, theca niimaria (6^(0;, re- 
 jKisitory): you won't have had to "pen 
 your p., thecam numariam non rete.x- 
 eri.s, Cic. Att. 4, 7. 9 -^ private or 
 separate p. (esp. a wife's), peciilium. 
 Suet. Tib. 50: Ulp. Dig. 21, j, 9 } j: 
 pecfiliaies nummi, Paul. Dig. 12, i, Ji. 
 P h r. : to pay out of one's ouni p., de 
 sno numerate pecuniam, Cia Att. 16, 
 i6, A to have a long p., in suis nummis 
 esse, Cic. Verr. 6. 6; or, veisari, id. Rose. 
 
 Com. 8 : to make a p. for oneself, opes 
 condere, Virg. G 2, 507 ; to go to market 
 p. in hand (buy for ready money), prae- 
 senti pecunia mercari aliquid, PI. Cap 
 2, 2, 8 : a man with a long (or JulV) p., 
 homo bene nUmatus, Cic. Agr. 2, 22 (cf. 
 Hor. Ep. I, 6, 38, Ac bene numatnm 
 decorat Suadela Venusque, Love and 
 Persuasion bless the weU-fdled p.) : 
 homo pecuniosissimus, Cic. Verr. 5, 9 
 (cf. feminae pecuniosae. Suet. Aug. 5) . / 
 return with a fuller p., numatior re* 
 vertor, App. M. I, p. 105 : a p.-bearer, 
 *praebitor argentarius: perhaps dispea- 
 sator, Macrob. Sat. 2, ^,Jin. 
 
 purse (i'-)-" I, To put money into 
 one's p. (Milton): v. purse, si(bs. ||. 
 To draw together (pucker up) like the 
 -nouthofap.: astiiiigo, contiaho, j. to 
 p. the brow (Shaksp.), astringere frontem. 
 Mart. If, 40; contrahere frontem, Cic. 
 Clu. 26, Jin. ; siipercilia contrahere, 
 t^uint. II, J, 79 : to p. tfie lips, astringere 
 labra, Quint. 11, j (prop, to close, in 
 silence : bui i', maybe used by analogy). 
 
 purse-proud: superbus pecunia, 
 Hur. Epod."4, 5. 
 
 pursiaess : 1- d.vspnoea (Sv<Tnvoia, 
 difficulty of breathing') : Plin. 2j, 4, 47. 
 2. anheiatio: y. beeathisg. 3. 
 obesitas: v. fatness. 
 
 pursuance, pursuant: only in 
 
 phrr. 17! pursuance of, pursuant to. . . : 
 
 1. ex (e) : in p. of a decree of the 
 senate, ex senatus consulto, Cic. Rep. }, 
 18 : so, ex lege, ex decreto, ex cdicto, 
 etc. : v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. ex (VIJ.). 
 
 2. de : in p. of my directions, de 
 meo cotisilio, Cic. Att. 6, J, 4 : to adopt 
 a course in p. oj' the advice of friends, 
 capere consilium deamicoriim sententia, 
 id. Verr. 2, 2, 17, init. 3. sScuiidum. 
 with ace: I appoint duumvirs in p. oJ 
 the Ian; duumviros s. legem facio, Liv. 
 I, 26, med.: v, accordini; to. 4. 
 often expr, by rel. clause or modal abl. : 
 in p. of his annual practice, ut qiio- 
 tannis facere instituerat, Caes. B. C. 5, 
 1 : cf. instituto suo, ib. i, 50. 
 
 pursue : I. 1^ gi^^ chase to an 
 enemy : 1, sequor, citus, j : he began 
 to p. them with all his Jbrces, cum om- 
 nibus copiis eos s. coepit, Caes. B. G. i, 
 26 : et pass. Comps. (1). persfiquor, } 
 (to follow up closely or to the end, to 
 continue a pursuit) : they p. the fugi- 
 tives as Jar as the river, fugientes usque 
 ad flumen persequuntur, ib. 7, 67 : Sail. 
 (2). insequor, j (to press up and as- 
 sail) : to p. with a dran n snord, stricto 
 gladio ins., Cic. Ph. 2, 9, 21 : p.ing (the 
 enemy's) rear too eagerly, cupidius no- 
 vissimuni agmen iiisecuti, ib. i, 15 ; cf. 
 Sail. Jug. 50, ubicunque Ronianorum 
 turma insequi coeperat (where the sense 
 is, to fall upon, attack): still oflener in 
 sense (11.). (3). prosequor, } (to p. to 
 a distance) : they could not p. tlie fugi- 
 tives far, neque lungius lugientes p. 
 poterant, Caes. B. C. 2, 41. 2. insto, 
 
 stiti, i; insisto, stiti, 3 (to pi ess close 
 upon; giving an enemy no time to 
 rally): with dat. or absol.- cf. Caes. 
 B. C. J, 45, illi auteni hoc acrius insta- 
 bant (pressed them with tlie more vigour^ ,■ 
 and Liv. 26, 44, effusis (hostibus) insist- 
 ere, to follow up a victory and press the 
 rear of a routed enemy. 3. pifimo, } 
 (like insto); v. to press. 1|. To as- 
 sail and continue to use violence against : 
 1. comps. of sequor : (1\ insequor, 
 } ; usu. with such modal ablatives as, 
 clamore, minis, contiimelia, etc. • Cic. : 
 V. TO ASSAIL. (2). exsequor, } (esp. to 
 pursue iiith vengeance or retribution) : 
 that I V M p. I.. Tarquinius .•iuperbus 
 ivith fire and fword, me L. Tarquinium 
 Superbum lerroit;ni exsecuturum, Liv. i, 
 59. (3). persequor, j (to proceed against, 
 prosecute, take vengeance on) : to p. a 
 state with war, bello clvitatem p., Caes. 
 B G. 5, I : so, in legal sense, judicio p., 
 Cic. Fl. 20. (4). prosequor, j (esp. to 
 assail with outcry, from a distance): 
 to p. uith insulting cries, conturaeliosis 
 vocibus p., Caes. B. C. i, 69 : Cic. 2. 
 comps. of sector, i ; all of which, as 
 being frequentatlves, denote pertinacity
 
 P URSC ER 
 
 P U R V E Y A N < K 
 
 PUSH 
 
 or vehemence of attack : (1). Insector, i : 
 to p. (violenthi) uith bloirs, verberibus 
 1.. Tac. A. I. lo Ksp. ill tig. sense, to 
 p. any one as an erwmii, inimlce qiiem- 
 piam ins., Cic. N. 1). i, j, 5 ; vith abuse, 
 nialedictls ins., id. Kin. 2, 25, 80. (2). 
 consector, I (a still stroiijicT expr.) to 
 p. the vavqtiifhetl nitU implacablr hatii'd, 
 victos implacabill odio c, 'I'ac. H. 4, 
 init.: Cic. (clanioribus et coiivlciis ct 
 sibilis consectari, to assail /uyCouslii). 
 
 3. invglior, cms, j; wiUi In ami 
 ace.: V. TO lNvi;i<;ii against. (N'.t!. — 
 The simple verbs ^('quor, sector, are 
 not used in this sense.) |||. Fif?-: '" 
 adopt and contiuux in a ca-laiu course: 
 
 1. sSquor, j: v. To FOLLOW. Also 
 comp. pj-rsc'iuor, j (sirenglhened) to 
 p. (Ihrougknnt) a certain coarse, viam p., 
 Ter. Hec. j, 5,4. 2. Insislo, }: with 
 dot. or ace: vhat pUin of wtion Vieij 
 1001M p., quani ratiniiiMii piignae in- 
 slsterent, Ca«s. B G ;, 14. 3. less 
 exactly, and without tipiire, iit«ir, } 
 (with abl.) : to p. giml counsels, bonis 
 consiliis uti, Cic fr. (Nizol.). (N.B. — 
 Consilium inire, capi-re, refer to the 
 adopting or entering on a plan, not to 
 carrying it out.) |V. '^'" prosecute, 
 carry on systematicaUy .- esp. In phr. to 
 p. one's studies, studiis inslsiere, yiiint. 
 I, 12, 10 : also. *(literarum) studiis 
 operain dare, Herm. ; stmlia e.\erccrp, 
 
 Kr V '^'^ fl" ^' """' > '^P' '" "'"' 
 ration: 1. pros(5quor, J (not perse- 
 quor ; which is to relate or descrilie 
 
 sequendl fecerunt. quani, Caes. B. G. i, 
 47 ■ to deter the enemy from pursuing 
 (or th'-p.), ab persequendo ho^tes deter- 
 rere. Sail. J. 50. to the p. «/(= to pursue 
 after), ad persequt-nduin aliqiiein, Vulg. 
 2 K«-g. x.x. 7 The vcrljal siibss. from 
 sequor. insequor, etc., are rare : e. g„ 
 (I), sccutio : Aug. Mor. Ktcl. I, II 
 1= stricing after). (2). persC-cutio (late 
 in this sense): p. bestiae, Ulp. I)ig. 41, 
 
 I, 44 Apul. M. 4, p. 1 55. (:i)- insctiatio, 
 f. (l>est) [jxctice pursuit and ansault 
 
 up, 11): ins. hoslis, LIv. 2t, 47: (with 
 Words), Brut, in Cic_ Fam 11, i. (4). 
 late and rare, inst^ciillo: Apul. M. 8, 
 p. 208. II. striving of ter : 1. con- 
 sHctalio (a strong term) gooii but r.ire: 
 tlie p. of elegance (in languag.-), cons, 
 coneinnitatis, Cic. Or. 49, 16; (dub.). 
 2. siiidium Qager dciire and aim- 
 ing at) ■ p. <f praise, s. laudis, Cic. Arch. 
 
 II, 26 cf. infr. (.Ill)- 3. olU-ncr 
 expr. by verb, esp. ger. part. : cmicern- 
 ing the p.of lionours, *de honoribus con- 
 se<tandis: v to mthslk (VI.). |||. 
 Objectively; the employment pursued , 
 an oicdjiation : stadium cf Hor. S. 2, 1, 
 27, ([not capitinii vivunt, totidem siu- 
 dioruin niillia (as nuiny different p.s as 
 tliere are peiiple) : vfhU gen., p.s Itelony- 
 ing to, suited for, sunt pueritiae certa 
 studia; sunt et ineunlis adolescentiae ; 
 sunt •■.\treniaquai'dani stiidia senectutis. 
 Cic. S<'ii. 20, 76. .loin: inceptum el 
 studiuni, piupose and piic-iuit (a quo 
 
 iicepio studioque nie ambitio mala de- 
 
 fvllii) ■ / n-Ul hot p. the subject furllicr, 1 linuerat, Sail. 0. 4>. 
 
 quod non prosequar longius, Cic. J' Am. ' puTSuivant : cailiiceator : v. herai.I). 
 
 JO, 8 J. 2. exsequor, ?: to p. an en- i pursy: 1. '"ibi-sus: v pat, oBt:SE. 
 
 *<Tprise to «/»e <;i«<, ahquid usque ad ex- I 2. imhvUi^ (slwrt-uinded): cf. a. 
 
 trenium ex., Cic. Uab. Post 2. 5 ■ to p. a i senes, Virii. G 2, I J5. 
 
 subject in detail, illiquid "opiosUis ex., purtenance : '• e- the pluck of an 
 
 yuiiit. q, J, 89. VI. Vtj iee/c a certain I (ii'U'ia/. SS. and Ifudibras: inteslina. 
 
 end 1. stK|iior, ; to p. adcantage, 
 
 utilitatem s., Cic. \m. 27^ loi : to p. 
 pe'ti/ gains (in tiwk), parvas niercedes 
 s., Ilor. S. I, 6, 87 opp. to fugere (—to 
 ghun). id. Kp. I, I, 72. 2. consector, 
 I (tn p. or seek eagnlii) : to p. riches or 
 poirer, opes aut poteiiliam c, Cic. Off. i, 
 25,86. Join; consectari, adipisci velle, 
 id. Fin. 1 , 10, jo. 3. pelo, J : v. to 
 
 SEEK. 
 
 pursuer ; 1, use impetf. part, of 
 sfquor, insequor, etc, (v. to pijksue, I.), 
 except in nom. sing.: v. L. G. $6!8 
 .secutor, only used for a sort ol gladiator, 
 who fought with the retiarius, Juv. 8, 
 210: Smilli's Diet. Antt. 2. '"se- 
 cutor (late only), iioffling thr }i.s, fnis- 
 tratis luseculoribus, Apul. i\l. 7, init. 
 3. insi'Ctator, ?)i. • {= censurn) : 
 ins. vitiorum, yuint. 10, i, 129 May 
 perh serve lor the peculiar sense used 
 by henhani in 
 " l.,ike a de< lining statesman, left forlorn. 
 
 To his friends' pi ly and pursuers' scorn." 
 Or iniiiiicus may be used. 4. per-e- 
 cutor, m. : {=punisher): i)ers. Haglti- 
 orum tiirpiuin, Capitol. Albiu. 11: ./'. 
 perseciiinx, Aug. Cons. Ev. i, 25. 5. 
 consectator, only found as fern., eonsoc- 
 tatrix (one nho seeks to obtain) : Cic 
 Off. J, }}, 117 (S.li.^VoT pursuer, its 
 a term of Scotch law [like 6 Siiokoji']. 
 
 V. PLAINTIFF.) 
 
 pursuing (adj ) .• si^quax : Virg. Aen. 
 10, 565 (Lalio dare terga sequaei. yoic- 
 saing l.aliiim) : p. fames, s. flamuiae, 
 ib. 8, 452 Prop. 
 
 pursuing 1 {subs:.) : |. Giving 
 
 pursuit f chase to an enrmy : usu. 
 expr. by verb; flight prevented the p. 
 from being caiTieii further,*uo\ longius 
 liosies priisei|Ui pioliibult in tiie antimr 
 of the p. he nas coined too Jar, *dum 
 bostes prosequitur, longius elalus est: 
 they pressed the p. so closely that...., 
 adeo e£fusl8 institerunt ut...., LIv. 26, 
 44- Joab soiiiiiUd the rrcat from the 
 p. of tlie fugitiie fie, cecinit autem 
 Joab bucciniim et retimilt pnpulurn ne 
 persequeretur fugientcni Israel, Vulg. 
 2 Reg. xviil. 6 they ivere too neary In 
 rontinue Hie p., pr le lassitudine fugienles 
 persequi non poinerunt. id Judic. vilj. 
 4. Ksp. expr. by gerund they did 7iot 
 lease the p. till.. . ., iieque tinem prius 
 
 exta- botbn.pl.: v entuaii^s. 
 
 purulence : pi's, piii is, ». (purulent 
 
 matter): Cels. 5, 26. 20 also, sanies, ei, 
 ib. V matter (VI.). Ji'till of p.,\>ar\i- 
 leiitus, putidus: v. purulent. (Later, 
 piirulentia, a purulent mass, Hier. in 
 Jesai. I, I, 6: and fig, p. civitatis, Tert. 
 I'all. ;, /in. ; al.so, puriilentiilio, Coel. 
 Aur. Tard. 5, J ) 
 
 pumlently : punileute, Plln. 2?, 
 prouem. 
 
 purulent : festering, gathering pus : 
 1. purulentus. Plin. 22, 11. 15 of. 
 Calo R. R. 157, cmcer albus purulentus 
 est. SuhsL purulent matter (vulg. mat- 
 ter), purulenta, n. pi. (=pus), Plin. 20, 
 2. 5- 2. piitidus (of sores, rank and 
 >«/): C;ito R. K. 157. 
 
 purvey : I. I'rop., and in the best 
 old writers, =: PROVIDE (q. v.). ||. To 
 provide foixl, cater : 1. obsono, I (fr. 
 bij/ioueuj, to buy meat): PI. Aul. 2, 4, I : 
 with cognate arc, I'll go and p. for 
 myself, egoniel ibo atque obsonabo obso- 
 iiiuni, id. Siich. I, }. 36. Also obsonor, 
 
 1, dep., with aid. of the cost: cf. vix 
 drachniis est obsonatus decem (spent 
 10 dr in p.ing for himself), Ter. Andr. 
 
 2, 6, 20. 2. expr. by obsonium curare, 
 PI. Meic. }, }, 22; cocmere obsonia: 
 p.ing II itk borroxced money, omnia con- 
 ductis coeniens obsonia nunmiis, Hor. S. 
 I. 2, 9. 3. aniiono'-, I (late and rare): 
 Cipit, Gord. 29. Also expr. by subs. 
 aniiona : a difficulty in p ing (fooil), 
 gravitas ;innonae, Tac. A. 6, ij- anno- 
 n.ae difficu!iates. Suet. Aug. 41 : v. to 
 MARKET, PROVIDE. Also expr. by spe- 
 cial terms lor each case : to p. corn, 
 Irumenior, I : Tert. aii Nat. 2, 8: to p. 
 irood, lienor, I : etc. 
 
 purveyance : I. Orig. = provi- 
 sion : q. V. II. The providing ol 
 fiml: 1. obsdnalus, us: I '1. True 4. 
 "2. 27 ; and obsonalio, /., I>on. ad I'er. 
 Andr. 2, 2, ?2. 2. eniptio, onis, /., 
 with annonae. irumentl, eic. 3. "n- 
 nonae cura : to attend to the p. of food, 
 annonae curam agcre, Suet. CI. 18 : cf. 
 duplicem curani ailministravit annonae, 
 111. lib. 8. III. Concrete, tite supplies 
 purveyed : 1. obsonium : ma/.y us 
 a priniely p.. tu facito nobis obsonatuin 
 sit opulentum obs., PI. liicch. i. i, 64. 
 2. annona. a sufficient p. of other 
 
 supplies, an. tolerabills rerum aliamm, 
 Liv J5, 44. Also expr. by ad.i. anno- 
 narius ; curn and oUicr kin/is if p., frti- 
 mentum cetenieque annon:triae species, 
 
 Veg. Mil. J. } : V. PUOVIalO.NS, SUPPLIES. 
 
 purveyor : I. in usu. 6en>* of 
 
 purvey, itsyt a state ofRcer- \. ob»*>- 
 
 nator a capital p. (caterer), obs. opii- 
 mus. Pi. Mil. J, I. 7J p.! u'/io luivr. a 
 fine knmvledge oj thrir lords taste, oIjs. 
 quibus domiiiici palatl noiitia subtllia 
 est. Sen Kp. 47. 2. "^ " large scale, 
 qitartermaster (/), annunarlus (late). Cod. 
 Theod. 8, IJ. II. A mild term for a 
 procurer (Spectator): leiio: v. rRO- 
 
 CDBER. 
 
 pus ; ^e festering matter produced 
 by injiammatioti .- pus, puris, n. ; sinies, 
 
 ei : V MATTER (VI.). 
 
 push (v.): I. Orig. sense (=Fr. 
 pousser, Ir. Ijil, pulso), to thrust at or 
 aivay, usu. u-ilh a weapon (as, "push 
 with biting point," Dryden), esp of an 
 animal push ing icitli its horns . pfiio, 
 Tvi and ii, itum, ?; cf. Ov. 5, 185, Pec- 
 toraLynridae gla<llo petit (ps or thrustt 
 at): to p. uith the horn (ol .1 steer or 
 ram) cornu petere, VIrg. K. ?, 87 (cf. 
 id. G. J, 526, Inter se adversis luctantur 
 (ornibus haedl) ; v. to thrust, ui'TT. 
 (N.B.— Also late Lat [esp. Vulg.] veii- 
 tilo, ventilor, i; to wave in the air; 
 hence, 10 toss about : with tliese [humsl 
 shall thou p. Syria, his ventllabis 
 .Syriam, Vulg. i Keg. xxii. 11: and ab- 
 sol., / saw a ram p.ing, vidi arletem 
 cornlbus ventilanteni, id. Dan. viii. 4.) 
 II. To (or try to) move or remiive by 
 force, lit. and tig.: for derived senses 
 see examples: 1. Comps. of pello: 
 
 (1). impello, puli, sum, j: push m or 
 on cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 119, tripliei pubes 
 quam (navem) Dardana versu )mi>ellunt 
 (p. through the water) : \ve looseneil (the 
 toiuer) and p.'d it over, convellimus 
 [altis sedibusj inipulimusque, Virg. Aen. 
 2, 464: to p. (thrust) in a snord to Us 
 hilt, ferruin lapulo tenus imp., Sil. 9, 
 J28r to p. (or giiv a push to) <i falling 
 person, imp. ruenlem, Tac H. 2. 5j (tig. 
 cf. Cic. Clu. 26, no. pmecipiiantem Igitui 
 impellaiiius el peidiiuui prosiernanius): 
 to p. on (to a certain cnurse), in (raudeni, 
 id. I'is i, I ; ad helium, id. Sull. i {, }6: 
 the mind is p.'d one way or Ote other by 
 a slight impulse (or p.), animus paulo 
 momento hue illuc impellitur, ler. And. 
 I, 5, ji . p.'d on by rage and madness, 
 furore atque amentia Inipulsus, Gxes. 
 B. G 1,40. (N.B— Such IS the use of 
 our best writers: for other exs. v. im- 
 pel.) (2). propello, J (p. forwani, 
 forth,, or an ay) . cf. bastam p., Sil. 16. 
 571 : to p. fonvard and dislodge the 
 enemy, p. ac subino\ere hosles, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 25 p. out head foremost, prae- 
 cipem [=praecipitein] p., Pi. R"d. }, j, 
 8 ; p.'d doiin frnm the cliff into the isro, 
 inque profunduni piopulii e so>pulo, Ov. 
 M. 8, 59?. Fig.: tu p. fin-iard one's 
 crude e forts before the p'lblic (stronger 
 thanj3«</'ortwar</).crudttgt'idiain forum, 
 prop., Petr. 4. (3). e.xpello (p nut or 
 aivai/): p. (or p. dinrn) the shipsjiom 
 tlw shi/re into the sea. ab lilori- naves in 
 altum exp.. Liv. 41, j. Pro v . p. oiU 
 Nature with a pitchfork, and back she 
 keeps coming again, Naturau. expellas 
 furca, tamen ti-que recurreU Hor. Kp. i, 
 10.24: withol/f. domo.Clcin Pis. 7. 16; 
 agris, Caes. II. G. 4, 4: civitate, Cic Att 
 
 10, 4: V. TO DRIVE OUT OK AWAY, EX- 
 PEL. (4). ri?peUo (/*. back or auxiy): 
 cf. nostros repellit ab castris Caes. B. C. 
 I, 15 . top. au\iy (he tables, mensaii 
 rep.', Ov. M. 6. 661 : to p. lack the bolts, 
 repagula rep., ib. 2. I5t: to p. Iiock Uie 
 diadem (as a siim of refusal), diadema 
 rep.. Veil. 2, 5'J,./'". 2. In ibis sense, 
 less'freq. simple verb pell", ? oftener 
 rather to beat at, k-noik nl. i,atter ■ he wilt 
 be p.'d nut of doors, f)elielur foras, Ter. 
 Kun. c, 8, 1 1 the mcmy are p.'d back, 
 pelluiitur hi^eteB, Caes. B. G. 7, 62 (cf. 
 DRIVE, ks'ockV fyeq pulso, i (lb» 
 source of the Knp. »<ti1">. to p (batter) 
 the uaUs with thi ram, pulsare ariete 
 nniros. Virg. Aen. \\ nr6 3. wuCo si 
 6oi
 
 PUSH ON 
 
 PUSHING 
 
 PUSILLANIMOUS 
 
 sum, J {*hrust : nearest to vulgar sense 
 of pusli) *o be pulled and p d at uncf, 
 et irahi et trudi simul, PUCapt j, 5,92: 
 Then rivers p. on the ice, glaciem qumii 
 flumina irudunt, Virg. G. i, jio. p.ing 
 in vain against a mountain, frustra op- 
 positum tradentes pectore montem, ib. 
 J J?} Join trudere atque impellere, 
 Lucr. 6, loji K i g. : day p.s on day 
 (i. e. presses hard upon), dies truditur 
 die, Hor Od. 2, 18, r? (cf. Ter. Andr. 4, 
 
 4. 40^ ; lie p. one nniither o>i to sitis, in 
 vitia alter alterum trudimus, S.-n. Ep. 
 41, 5 : to p. a canard into battle, in- 
 ertem in proelia ir., Hor. Epod. i, 5, 17. 
 Of plants shooting . the vine p.s J'ortli 
 b!«fe,(paiiipinus) trudit gemmas, Viig. O. 
 2. J J!- The pass, is used as refl.: ct. 
 truditur {pimhi-s out) e siico radix ole- 
 agina liguo, il>. 2, ;i.' (N.B.— Promo is 
 also used in this sense. Col. }, 12.) Comp. 
 protriido (,p. forirord, forth, out) : to p. 
 a roller, prot. cylindrum, Cic. Fat. 19, 
 4? and so tite "hole mass is yraduaUy 
 p.' d forward and set in motion, atque 
 ita tota paullatim moles protruditur 
 atque movelur, Lucr 4, 891-2: tobep.'d 
 out of doors, protrudi penatibus, Amni. 
 29, I. 4. nioveo, movi, motum, 2 . 
 oftener, submoveo, 2 • v. to dislodge, 
 EJECT: to p. the enemy from his posi- 
 tion, hostem statu m., Liv. jo, 18 . to 
 p. any one into uar, m. aliquem ad bel- 
 lutn, Liv. j;, 12. (also used of plants 
 shooting) • if the buds don't p. yet, si se 
 gemmae nondum moveant, Col. 11, 2 
 and in pass., a bud p.s, de palmite 
 gemma movetur, Ov. Tr. j, 12, ij. 
 Comp. promSveo (p. fonvard) . loads, 
 onera. Col. 11. i: stones ivith wedges, 
 saxa vectibus, Caes, B. C. 2,11. esp. of 
 military movements: castra, Oaes. B. O. 
 I, 48 legiones. Hirt. B. G. 8, 16 scalas 
 ct machinamenta, Tac. A. 15, 4, Jin. : 
 castra ad Carthaginera, Liv. 28, 44^ fin. 
 
 5. molior, 4, dep. (p. awai/, remove 
 by a strong effort): it icas not easy to 
 p. aside the obstacles in tlieir way, neque 
 nioliri onera objecta facile erat, Liv 25, 
 [6 ■ cf. id. 9, J, num montes moliri sede 
 sua paramusi' like "Waters had pushed 
 a mountain from its seat," Milton. 6. 
 urgeo, ursi, 2 {to press close upoii,,thrusi, 
 jostl,;) : you are p. d by the crowd about 
 !/nu, urgeris turba circiim te stante, Hor. 
 
 5. I, J, I J5 : she {the witch) p.s fine needles 
 into the liver, tenues in Jecur iirget acus, 
 Ov Her. 6, 91-2 cf. Aut petis aut urges 
 ruiturum Sisyphe, saxum ( Whether you 
 hurl or push the stime, it's sure to fall 
 again), id. M. 4. 460. Join: impello 
 et urgeo Wave drives on wave (prest 
 fortiard by the wiiid). Each pushes that 
 before, is ptished by that behind, unda 
 impellitur unda, Urgeturque prior ve- 
 niente, urgetque priorem, ib. 15, 182 : 
 the infantry p. {the enemy) in front, 
 eos a fronte urgere pedites, Liv. 10, }6 
 (cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 26) : to p. {or p. hard) 
 in an argument urgent tamen et nihil 
 remittunt, Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 77 : to be hard 
 p.'d with quf.ytioiis, interrogando urgi-ri, 
 ba.-ied on id. Or. 40, i $7. |||, To advance 
 with effort , in plir. to push one's way : 
 expr by perrumpo, rupi, plum, j: to p. 
 its way through a marsh (of an army), 
 paludem p., Caes B. G. 7, 19: Tiic. 
 Phr. r if they should attempt to p. their 
 way across in spite of hint, si se invito 
 Uansire conareiitur, ib. i, 8; also, iter 
 tentare per provinciam, ib. i, 14. Some- 
 times, contendere, iter facere, may serve . 
 
 V. TO PUSH ON. 
 
 pnsh on : |. T r a n s., to urge for- 
 ward: impello, piotrudo, insligo (only 
 Bg.), etc v TO PUSH (IL). j|. Also 
 trans., to hasten J'oruard: 1. in- 
 Bisto, stiti, J ; insto, 1 (usu. with dat.) : 
 to p. on one's studies, suis studiis in- 
 sistere, (^uint. i, 12, 10 top. on the con- 
 quest <;/ ampania, perdumaudae Cam- 
 paniae ins., I'ac. H. }, 77. Insto is 
 chiefly used absol. : push on ! urge, in- 
 eta ! perfice, Cic Att. i j, J2. 2. urgeo, 
 2 to p. on a work, opus 11., Ov M. 4, 
 J90 to p. on a purpose {with obstinate 
 persistence), u. proposilum, Hor. S. 2, 7, 
 
 6. SeealsoTOHASTKN. |||, In trans., 
 
 607 
 
 to proceed wi'h rapidity, advance with- 
 out pausing : 1. contendo, ili, tum, j : 
 he p.s on fin- Italy by forced marchess, 
 in Italiara magnis itineribus contendit, 
 Caes. B G. 1, 10 so, miigno cuisu c , ib. ;, 
 19. Also with ace ; Cic. R. Am. ;4,_/m. 
 (nocte una tantura itineris contendere). 
 Foil, by injin.. he p.'d on towards Bi- 
 l/racte, Bibracte ire coiiteudit, Caes. B. G. 
 '. 2J. 2. expr. by eo, iter facio (v. 
 TO march), cf. (laes. B. G. i, 26, ea tota 
 nocte continenter ierunt, they p.'d stea- 
 dily on all that night. 3 in.sto, stiti, 
 I (esp. to p. on in pursuit, press iipmA : 
 the others p.'d on the more eagerly, illi 
 acrius instabant, Liv, j, 4;: Caesar's 
 army nasp.mg on,instabat agmen Cae- 
 sari.>^, Caes. B. C. I, 80. Jmpers. pass. : 
 if they {only) p.'d on, si instetur, Liv. j, 
 44- fin. 4. festino, accelero, I : v. to 
 HASTKN. 5. pel go, perrexi, ctum, j 
 {to proceed; gorighton): v. to proceed. 
 
 push {subs.) : for senses see push, v. 
 I, In orig. sense, a thrust {p. of 
 spear, Shaksp.) : 1. ictus, fis cf. Liv. 
 2, 20 • uno iclu transfixus. Phr.. with 
 p. of pike (Raleigh), iaiesto spiculo, ib. 
 (adapted) : v. thrust. 2. impetus, iis 
 {shock, dashing against : esp. in battle 
 = charge) : he broke the enemy at the 
 first p., hosies primo i. impulit, Liv. 9, 
 27 : to make a p. {rush) at, imp. facere, 
 Caes B. C. i, 25 . v. onset, attack. 
 For fig. use of impetus, cf. Cic. Off. 
 I, 15, 49, repentino quodam impetu 
 animi iiicitatus : v. impulse. ||, 
 
 A moving or attempting to move a 
 body from without : 1. pulsus, iis 
 (whence Eng. push) : to be set in motion 
 by ap. from without, p. externo agitari, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 2J : an accidental p.. cf. 
 id. Div. 2, 61, extemus et ads'entitius p. 
 aninios dormientium commovet. J o i n • 
 motus et pulsus: cf. Gell. 9, ij (fig.), 
 animus quatitur et aflicltur motibuspul- 
 sibusque. 2. more freq. comp. im- 
 pulsus, us (esp. in abl.); impulsio: by 
 /).o/'s/iieWs,scutorumimpulsu, Cic. Caec. 
 15, 4} : cf. id. N. r>. z, 12, j2, where an 
 external impulse or puih, a.nA a spontcu- 
 neous moiement are contrasted: non 
 alieno impulsu, sed sua sponle, movetur, 
 id. N. D. 2, 12, J2. Also by the verb: 
 to give anything a p., impellere aliquid, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 465 : v. to push (1). 3. 
 momentum, motus: v. motion, movf.- 
 MENT. III. Fig., a vigorous and 
 
 determined effort : Phr.: to make a 
 p., expr. by verb- (1). insto, i : esp. 
 as pass, impers. : if a p. were made, 
 si instetur [suo milite vinci Romam 
 posse], Liv. 2, 44 (like, " one vigorous 
 p. will forte the enemy to cry out for 
 quarter," Addison). (2). urgeo, si, 2 : 
 Join; urgere, instare ■ make a p. and 
 finish the work, quamobrem urge, insta, 
 pertice, Cic. Att. ij, J2. (3). tento, i 
 to make a p. for freedom, libt-rtatem 
 tentare, Liv 6, 18 I'll make another p. 
 for it, *iterum tentabo (Ainsw.). Comp. 
 also foil. a determined p must be 
 made, agenda res est et audenda, Liv. 
 J5, ?5 ■ making a great p. at the enemy, 
 ad hostes magno coiiatu profectus, Liv. 
 7. 6- IV. -^l^o f'g-. extremity: dis- 
 ciimen, iiiis, n. .- it has come to the last 
 p., in .summo res est discrimine, Caes. 
 B. G. 6, j8 : ad extrema perventum est. 
 Curt. 4, 14 : (in battle) ad triarios ventum 
 est (v. Diet. Antt. s. v. EXERcrrus) cf. 
 adducta est res in maximum periculum 
 et exiremuni pene d., Cic. Phil. 7. 1 ■ 
 wfien he sees the last p. of the uar is 
 come, postquam adesse d. ullimum belli 
 animadvertit, Liv. 44, 2!: to desert (or 
 fail) one at the p., in ipso d. periculi 
 aliquem destituere, Liv. 6, 17. Phr.: 
 at the last p., in extremis suis rebus, 
 Caes. B. G. 2, 25, fin. V A pimple : 
 puslula: V iu.stule. 
 
 pusher {subs.) : one who pushes on or 
 forirard {a person, scheme, etc.): im- 
 pu'.sor but usu. by the verbs. 
 
 pushing (sub.'s.) : impulsus, im- 
 pulsio p. back, rgpulsus . v. impdi-se, 
 pi:sH (subs.). 
 
 pushing {atlj.) : I, In a sense not 
 bad: promptus, strenuus- v. active. 
 
 ekergetic, enterpbising, prompt. II, 
 I'assing into the bad sense : 1. perh. 
 audax (usu. denoting a bad quality): v. 
 daring, presumptuous. Also expr. by 
 subs, audacia, e.sp. in phr. urbana audacia 
 {the pushing spirit qi the city), C'lc. Prov. 
 Cons. 4, 8. 2. confidens {possessed 
 of assurance : In good or bad sense): a 
 p. feUoii; [parasitus quidam] homo con- 
 fidens, Ter Ph. i, 2, 75. Join: im- 
 probus, confidens, nequam, malus, Pac. 
 (Lucil.) in Non. 262, 11 ; .Join: auda- 
 cior et conCdeutior : (Jul me alter est 
 audaoior homo? aut qui me confident'or, 
 PI. Am. init.: v. forward. 3, mo- 
 lestu.s {troublesome, as one who makes 
 himself disagreeable) : esp. in connexion 
 with other words . a ma.n tiot at all p., 
 homo minime ambitiosus, minime in ro- 
 gando molestus, Cic. Fam. ij, i. Some- 
 limes also the following may serve : im- 
 portiinus {unseasonable and off'ensive) ; 
 immodestus {not keeping u-ithin bounds) : 
 and temgrarlus {headstrong) : see also 
 iNTRD.sivE. Also expr. by substs. ; in- 
 credibili importunitat« et audacia, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 2, }o: ci. impudent, forward. 
 pusillanimity: 1. animus hii- 
 mllis, imbecillus, etc. : to show p. in Vie 
 endurance of suffenring, dolores humili 
 imbecilluque animo lerre, Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 
 49 : what p. is this ' *quam sunt haec 
 animi humilis atque imbecilli ! Animus 
 abjectus is also near akin to Eng. cf. 
 Cic. Am. 16, 59, where abjectior animus 
 denotes the disposition to undervalue 
 oneself: animus d^jectus denotes dis- 
 couragement and being cast down. 2. 
 animi debilltas Cic. Fin. 1. c. (cf. also 
 id. in Pis. j6, 88, where debilitatio atque 
 abjectio animi denote the active mani- 
 festation of the quality described as 
 debilitas animi, animus humilis atque 
 imbecillus) ; also, imbecillitas animi, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 77. Comp. timor et in- 
 fractio quaedam animi et demissio, Cic. 
 Tusc. J, 7, 14 (also strictly denoting the 
 active manifestation of a quality there 
 designated timiditas et ignavia). 3. 
 timluitas, ignavia (cf. supr.) : v. timid- 
 iTy, CO W.ABDICE. ( N .B. — Be ware of using 
 pusillus animus, which denotes simply 
 a small or narrow spirit, and has no 
 special application to the vice of coii'- 
 ardice or pusillanimity. Pusil lanimitas, 
 quite barbarous.) 
 
 pusillanimous: 1. perh. best, 
 hiimilis. e p. fear, h. pavor: Virg. G. 
 I, jji ; descending to the most p. en- 
 treaties, ad humilliinas devolutus preces, 
 Suet.- Vit. Lucan. Join: humilis et 
 abjectus, Cic. Phil. 2, J2, 82: humilis et 
 demissus, id. Att. 2, 21 : humilis imbe- 
 cillusque : (dolores humili animo imbe- 
 cilloque ferre), Cic. Fin. i, 15, 49. Also 
 expr. by gen. of quality: thcU, is ex- 
 tremely p., *animi admodum humilis 
 atque abjecti haec sunt. 2. ignavus 
 {cowardly) : feroces et inquieti inter 
 socios, ignavi et imbelles inter hostes, 
 Liv. 26, 2 : a most p. and cowardly 
 enemy, ignavissimus ac fugacissimus 
 hostjs, id. 5, 28 all the most p., ignavis- 
 simus qulsque, Tac. H. 4, 62. Of emo- 
 tions • p. grief, ignavus dolor (Plin.). 
 
 3. timidus: Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 
 J, 51, 219. Join timidus nulUusque 
 animi, Cic. Sext. 16, ib- timidus atque 
 ignavus, id. Fam. 11, 18: timidus ac 
 tremens, id. in lis. jo, 74. imbelles tim- 
 idique, id. Off. i, 24, 8j; in a p. spirit. 
 Join, [quaej limido animo, humili, 
 demisso, tractoqua ffiuntj, ib. }, }2, 115. 
 
 4. abjectus {humble or mean-spi- 
 rited): to be p., animo abj. e.«se. ita 
 sum animo peiculso et abjecto, Cic. Att. 
 J, 2 ; the most p. sinrit, abject issiro us 
 quisque animus, yuint. 11. 1 i^. 5. 
 debilis ; of a more p. spird, ingenio de- 
 bilior, Tac. Hist. 4, 62 also by the 
 subst., softly p.. moUem debilitate. Mart. 
 ?, 86, 5. 6. demissus: Join animo 
 demisso atque humili, Cic Font, ii • fear 
 is {a thing) p., etc., aliud metus (opp. to 
 iracundia) : demissum, et haesi tans, el ab- 
 jectura, Cic.de Or. 5,58,218. .4iZu. demisse 
 = map.manner: he dared not speak with 
 boldness and freedom while his thoughts
 
 PDSI LLANIMOUSLY 
 
 P V T 
 
 PUT 
 
 were loto ami p., noii est aus-us elate el 
 ample loqul, quiiiii buniiLiUrr demlsseque 
 semirHt, Cic I Use. ?. 9, 24. 7. Iractus 
 and Infraclus Join, fiartus el demis- 
 8us; esse fractu aiiimo ei demissu, Cic. 
 Fam. I, 9 fractus "t hiimilis, fraclo 
 animo atque hiimili alicul suppllcare (to 
 make p. ami niran mtreatii's). Id. I'lun. 
 20, 50 fracilor aiilmo, Cic. Att. 11, 12: 
 to display so p n spirit, adeu infracU)s 
 animoa gnrere, Llv •;, ji- 8. imbe- 
 Clllu9 Join; iRiiavi el imbpcilli (coiy- 
 ardLy and p.). Cic. Rep. 1, ji: Srii. Ep. 
 8y. Adv. : to liaie a p. dread 0/ pain, 
 imbecillius liorrere dolorein, Cic. Tiisc. 
 5, JO, 85. (N.B — I'usillaiilmis. e,/aint- 
 hearted, only very latf Sid. Kp. "j, 17, 
 
 fin.) V. ABJKCT, ( OWARnLY, DISPIBITED, 
 
 HKAN. Ado. = Adj. in Kmr. : p. submis- 
 sion, servirf huuiiliter (opp. U) superbe 
 domlnari), Li v. 24, 2; : .v"" "''« ''^'^ 
 when you thrtoti-n, p. trhen you en- 
 treat, audacicr lerrilas, liumiliter placas, 
 Auct. Her. 4. 20, 28. ."iulisl. = Adj. In 
 Eng. (in the hendiaitys. Immilitas et 
 obsecralio): o maifnanimous boldness is 
 often more effeitire Jot exciting pity 
 than p. entreatirs, saepe vlrlus et niag- 
 nificentia plus proficit ad misfricordiam 
 commovcndani qiiain humilitas et obse- 
 cratio, Cic. Iiiv. i, 56, 109. 
 
 pnsillanimously : 1. express by 
 animo wirh the adjs. : esp. animo ab- 
 Jecto, deniisso, Iracto, humili, limido : t. 
 POSiLi.ANiJioti.s. 2. by abls. of substs.: 
 V. PUSiLLAMMiTv. 3. by advs. : esp. 
 (1). ahjecte: (i). demlsse: (3). humlli- 
 tSr: (4). ifinave (and -it6r) : (5). tlmide: 
 Join: ne quid abjecte, ne quid limide, 
 ne quid ignave faciamus, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
 2 J, 55: not p., though far from bravely. 
 ut oppressis omnibus non demisse, ut 
 tantis rebus gestis parum fortiter, Cic. 
 Att. 2, 18 : Joi n : humiliterdemisseque, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24 : v. supr. : humiliter 
 opp. to animose (proudly); animose 
 panpcrtatem ferre, humililer infamiam, 
 Sen. Ep. 120, 9. 
 
 PUSS : untranglateable, as there Is no 
 evidence of cats and hares having been 
 pets : but, if absolutely ix-cessary, use 
 1, fells or (as briefer) catfi (voc. of 
 the late catus) . v. cat. 2. lepus- 
 ciiliis (jaoor little hare): v. harr. 
 
 pustule : 1. pustuia Ccls. j. 28, 
 15 • Sen. Kp. 72 • I'lin. 20, 22, 87. 2. 
 pusfila: Plin. 20, 6, 21 : Mart. 14, 167. 
 
 put: (N.B. — 1. in translating this 
 word, care must be taken to distinguish 
 the cases In which it is followed by a 
 true preposition, governing a noun, from 
 those in which it is compounded with a 
 separable particle, the noun being the 
 object to the compound verb : e. g. 
 Case I, the load tras put on the horse: 
 Case 2, he. put on his liat : but, for con- 
 venience of reference, we shall put most 
 examples of the former kind under the 
 heads of the latter. 2. The word is so 
 general in its use, ihat In many passages 
 it must Ije expressed with the context, 
 and not by any verbal equivalent. 3. 
 Its two chief uses, relerring to state and 
 place, are too much mixed up in l^tin 
 to be put under separate heads : cf. e:-p. 
 TO PLACE.) 1. do, dedi. dare, datum 
 (rt. DA = Dti.pM'), is the strictest equi- 
 valent I'll p. my Icnee to the ground, 
 genu ad terram dalio, HI. Capl. 4, 2, 17 : 
 to p into one's liaiids, (aliquid nilhl; in 
 manum dare, I'er Andr i, 5,62 to p. 
 in chains, allqu'-m in vincul.i dare. Flor. 
 }, 10 (cf Ter Andr. i, 5,62, praecipitem 
 me in pistrinum dabil): bodies are p. 
 on io/'t'/ p_y/e.v, ciirpiira daniur In altos 
 rogos, Ov M r, 608 they p. the enemy 
 to flight, busies in fu^iam dederunt, 
 Caes B. (J. 4, 26 to be p. to flight, sese 
 in fugam d., Cic. Verr. 4, 4}, ad fin,; 
 and with dat. se fugae d.. Id. Att. 7, 2} . 
 p. to deot/t, aiiqiieni leto d., I'haedr. i, 
 22. 9 to i>. bach tlie hair, follow the 
 poet, phrase in Ov. M. i, 529, levis 
 retro dabat aura capiUos. Fig..- vho 
 p. it in the king'.': heart, qui dedit hoc 
 In corde regis, Vulg. 1 E,sdr viL 27 • 
 thou hast p. gludiiess in my heart, dedisti 
 lafetitiam in corde meo. id. Ps. iv. 7 he 
 
 p them to a perpetual reproach, oppro- 
 brium semplt'Tnum dedit illis, id. Ps. 
 l.xxvii. (Ixxvl.) 66 thai the U/rd n-ould 
 p. Ilia flpirit upm them, del eis iJominus 
 SpiritUHi simm. I.l. .Sum. xi 29. Hmc*- 
 a. Camps, (i.)abdo idl.lluni. j with 
 dat. (rare) p. in j/rifon, abdilus carceri. 
 Veil. 2, 91 : usu. with in and ace., hep. 
 it into his bosom, in gremlum abdidit. 
 Suet, (jiaib. 20. (ii.) addo, lUi, Hum, j: 
 cf. eas epistolas in eundem fiusciculuni 
 velini aildas, Cic. Att. 12, 5}: lop. hands 
 into manacles, addere rimtms in vincia, 
 Ov. Am. I. 7, I to p. spirit or courage 
 (into |)eople), absul. add. animum, Ter. 
 H-aut. ?. 2, II aniinos, Cic. All. 7, 2, 4. 
 (iii ) 8ubdi>, idi, ilum, ? with dat., he pj 
 spurs 'o his hone, subdil calcaria equo, 
 l.iv. 2, 20 cf. (fig.) ingenio stimulos 
 .-ubd., Ov. I'r. 5, I, 76. Fig.: to p. 
 spirit into a person, alUui subd. splritu.s, 
 Li V. 7, 40 to /J. one's neck into the chains 
 of love, colla vinclis siibd., Tib. i, 2, 90. 
 (iv.) trado, Idi, ituni, ?, also transdo 
 (hand over, deliver, entrust to), with 
 dat. of person (cl. Vulg. Xum. xi. 17, tra- 
 dam eis, / wHl p. it upon tliem) .- to p. 
 anything into the hands (of a person), 
 aliquid in nianuin trad., PI. Merc. 2, 2, 
 7 : without in man., cf. Vulg. Gen. 
 xxxix. 4, quae ei tradita fuerant p. one 
 in prison, aliquem in cu^todiam vel In 
 pistrinum trad., Cic. Q. Fr. i, 2, 4 (cf. 
 Vulg. Gen. xlii. 17, tradidit illos cus- 
 todiae, p. them in ivard) : p. to flight, 
 navem in fugam transdunt, Alt. in Nun. 
 15;, 8: I p. both myself and my hopes 
 in your keeping, in tuam custodiam 
 meque el meas spes trado, PI. Most. 2, 
 I, 59. — In the more common vse, icith 
 reference, primarily, to place: — 3. 
 pono, pOsui, positum, } (the etymo- 
 logical equivalent pos, orig. pot = put, 
 perhaps meaning plant) : examples nu- 
 merous : constr. usu. in with aid. : 
 to p. accounts in the treasury, tabulas 
 in aerario p., Caes. B. C. }, 108: there 
 he p. tli£ man. In quo (horto) posuit 
 hominem, Vi:lg. Gen. ii. 8 : also, in 
 with a<x. (with reference to transference 
 of position) : to p. a brand in the 
 flame, stipitem in flammam p., Ov. M. 
 8, 452 : to p. a crown on the head, 
 coronam in caput p., Gell. i, 15 : to p. 
 olives in the suit (i. c. expose them to its 
 heat), oleas in solem p., Cato, R. !{. 7 : 
 with adv.: in fig. sense: as for uisdom, 
 she had nowhere to p. her foot (1. e. no 
 place nas left for her), quod enim sa- 
 pientia ubi pedem poneret non habebat, 
 <"^ic. Fin. 4, 25, 69 : to p. his name there, 
 lit ponat nomeii suum ibi, Vulg. Deut. 
 xii. 5 : with on or upon, super (v. per 
 ON). Pono is used for to p. a person's 
 name to a document : cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 1 5 • 
 et quidem qnum in mentem venit, 
 ponor ad scribendum, when it occurs to 
 Caesar, I am p. (i.e. he sets my name as 
 a signature) to the Senate's decrees. 
 Peculiar and fig. uses: (1) to p. a case 
 (Id as.'!ume or suppose) : put it, that he 
 is conquered, verum pone, esse victum 
 eum, I'er. Ph. j, 4, 2;. put it thus, 
 positum sii igiiur, Cic. Or. 4, 14 (2) top. 
 a que.'^tion (for discussion or solution): 
 cf id. de Or. 1, 22, 102, nunc mihi vos 
 qnaestiunculani, de qua meo arbitratn 
 loqnar, ponitis.' I'ass. impers. : doc- 
 toruni esi isla consuetudo, eaque Grae- 
 corum, ui iis ponatur, quae disputent (a 
 question is p. for them to discuss). Id. 
 Am. 5, 17 : (sinrply = ask a question, in- 
 terrSgo, i v. To iSK). (3) to maintain 
 a point . to p. it as certain, aliquid pro 
 ceriop., Liv. 10, <),fin. : (A) top. oneself 
 tieyond blame, p. se extra culpam, I'ic. 
 (6) to p. one'.': life in hazard (to sacrifice, 
 or LAV it DOWN) cf. Clo. Fam. 9, 24, si 
 in bac cura atque administratione vita 
 mihi ponenda >il . so. to p. one's life in 
 one's hands, animam In manlhus p., 
 Vulg. Judic. xii. 1 ? : (6) to p. hope or 
 trust in any one, in aliquo spem p., 
 Cic. Att. 6, I ; to p. one's hope of safety 
 iti one's valour, spem salutis in virtute 
 p., Caes. B. G. 5. ?4- (T) to p. words in 
 any one's mouth, verba in ore ejus p., 
 Vulg. Deut. xviii. 18 (8) p. me in 
 
 surety with thee, pine me ju.xla t^, Vula 
 Job xvii } : (9) to p. one thing (faltely^ 
 for another: cf. id. Is. v. 20, viie qui 
 djcllis malum bonum et bonum malum; 
 ponentes amarain In dulce, et dulce In 
 amanim : (In) to p. to work, p. in opere, 
 id. I Keg. viii. 16 : v. to put to. 4. 
 impono, j (p. in, on, upon) : with in and 
 ace, in and abl. rare (v. p. i.\, p. ok, 
 p. upon) : with dat. or adv. : there they 
 p. the women, eo mnlleres imposuerunt, 
 Caes. B. (j. I. 51. F i g. : gen. with dat. 
 v,Uvn= put (simply): to p. an end to 
 hipe, finem spei imp., l,iv. 5, 4 to a 
 (literary) work, finem imp. vulumini, 
 Quint. 9, 4, 146: to p. a ocn to the 
 undertaking, operi inrhoato fasllKium 
 imp., Cic. Off. t. 1, i}: to p. the last 
 hand (or stroh-) to a work give ii the 
 last touch), summam manum operi imp., 
 I'lin. ;6, 5, 4, } 16 : to p. the last hand 
 to the war (make the final effort), ex- 
 tremam bello imp. manum. Virg Aen. 
 7. ?72 : to p. more lattour on the sol- 
 diers, plus militi laboris Imp.. Cic. Mur. 
 18, j8 (cf. imposk). 5. appono, j: 
 p. the table (or tray) here, appone hie 
 niensulam, i'l. Mo>t. i. j, 150. 6. 
 rfipono, i: top giapes in new jars ( — 
 store up), uvas in vasa nova rep., CoL 
 12, 16. Fig.: to p. Ti« hcpe in, nihil 
 spei in caritalem civium rep., Liv. i, 
 49: p. in the number of (i. e. reckon 
 among), in numero rep., Cic. Seat 68, 
 14} : in numerum (dub.), id. Inv. i, 26, 
 ?9: in (alone), with abl.: in suis: id. 
 Att. 10, 8, A wiRi ace., homines in 
 Deos rep., id. N. I>. I, 15, j8. 7. 
 pango, nxi, nctum, and pegi, or pfi- 
 pTgi, pacuim, } (to fix, settle) : to p 
 tMunds to, terminos p., Cic. Leg. 1, 27. 
 ;6 : J), a price on, pretium p. (wiih diu.), 
 rac. A. 14. }2 : comp. depango (rare) : 
 Col. J, 16, I ; cf TO plant, skt. Also 
 planto and deplanto, in same sense. 
 8. statio (V. to set cp) ; cf. super 
 terrae tumulum noluit quid statui, nisi 
 columellam, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66. 9. 
 applico, avi and iii, alum and (late) 
 Hum, I, with ad and (rarely) dat.: he 
 p.s his shoulders to the stones, applicat 
 humeros ad saxa, Ov. M. 5, 160 to p. 
 a napicin to the face, sudarium ad 09 
 app.. Suet. Ner. 2? : no one p. his hand 
 to his mouth, nullusapplicuit manum ad 
 OS suum. Vulg. I Reg. xlv. 26(cf apply). 
 
 10. niilto, Isi, issuro, } (with the 
 idea ot motion or change of state). In late 
 I-atin • in all tliat you p. your hand to, in 
 cunctls ad quae miserilis manum. Vulg. 
 I)eut. xii. 7. cf. id. Luc. ix. 62, mittend 
 manum suam ad aratruni . v. p. into. 
 
 11. condo, didi, ditum, } (for safe 
 keeping) : to p. a (shavejt off) beard into 
 a golden box, barliam condere In auream 
 pyxidem, Suet Ner. 12. top. (money) 
 into one's purse, c. in crumenam. PI. 
 True. }, I, 9: p. in prison, aliquem in 
 
 carcerem c, Cic Verr. 5. 29, /in. (in cus- 
 todiam, Liv. ji,2?)- wiihutii'., series eo 
 c. Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86 (cf TO PUT away, 
 to STORE UP). 12. f Scio, feci, factum, 
 J (p. into some state, positum. or eon- 
 dition), })erhaps the most usual equi- 
 valent for put In its wiile liidetinit« 
 sense, e g. fratres meos lotige fecit a 
 nie Q) far from me), Vulg. Job xix. ij; 
 numerous exaniple-s may be found in 
 the lAitin Dictum'iry, s. v. facio 13. 
 I*h r. : expressed liy other verlis (Note: 
 those in which put is followed by a 
 pre[)osition, whether in composition or 
 not, are put under the heads of the Com- 
 poui ds, lor greater convenience of refer- 
 ence) — (i.) to p. a qiiestiim (1) by 
 way of discusswn or appeal: 1. pono, 
 V supr. : 2. quaero, sivl or sii, situm, }, 
 with ab, de. ex, of person, and rel. clause 
 or ace. of thing: <f. quaero abs te nunc, 
 Cic. Verr. ?, 8} quaero de te, Liv 4, 40: 
 pass, impers. quaeritur, I'lin. }i. },Zl: 
 quaesitum est, Hor A. P 409 (2) to 
 p. a question to the vote ■ rf iSro. } the 
 five tribiinej: p. Ute ques'nm. quinque 
 tribuni plebei retulerunt, Cie. F.im. 10, 
 16. consir with de of the qiie.-lion, de 
 luis litteris, ib. : and sd (e. g. ad seoa- 
 lum); cf. QUESTION. (3) To put trust in 
 60?
 
 TVT AGAINST 
 
 PUT DOWN 
 
 PUT FORTH 
 
 or on: CTedo, j: confido, j. fiduciam 
 habere • Vulg. passim • v to tkust : 
 also, spero, i : wiih in and cu:c. : Vulg. : 
 V. TO HOPE. (4) To p. a thing in tnO't 
 unth a person. aHquid in fideni alicujus 
 tradere, Liv. )3, } to be p. in tri(st 
 with : credi, with dat. of person, and 
 Bubj. of tiling cf. ut crederetur nobis 
 Evangeliuni, Vulg. i Thess. ii. 4. 
 
 put against' appono, j, with ad? 
 to p. a mark against a bad verse, notam 
 ad malum versum app., Cic. Pis. ?o cf. 
 id. Fam. i J, 6 n/ien the scaling-laiiders 
 were p. against (the walls), scalis appo- 
 sltis, Liv. J7, 5 : cf. to put to. 
 
 apart: p. aside: p. asun- 
 der : 1- seorsum pono : cf. castris 
 seorsum posiiis, And. B. Afr. 48 : also, 
 s mitto cf. misit singulos seorsum 
 greges, Vulg. Gen. xxxii. 16. 2. se- 
 pono, ; : cf. Primitias magno seposuisse 
 Jovi, Ov. F. ;, TJO: id ego ;id ilium fanum 
 (Sf. ornandum) sepositum putabam, Cic. 
 Att 15, 15. 3. separo, i (cf. to sepa- 
 rate) : separate illos ab invicem procul, 
 Vulg. Han. \iii. (Susan.), 51. 4. di- 
 rtdo, J id. ilj. 52 : cf. TO divide. 5. 
 imoveo, 2 ( =p. on erne side): id. ih". 
 56 1 omnibus arl.itris procul amotis. Sail. 
 
 C. 20 : ct TO REMo-. E ; TO SET ASIDE. 
 
 away: I. To p. away a iking 
 
 for safe keeping ; 1, pono, j : 2. 
 condo, J ; and recoiuio : 3. abdo, j : v. 
 
 TO LAr L'P ■ to store LP : TO HIDE. ||. 
 
 To cast off (as a hindrance, pollution, 
 annoyance, bad habit, dc). 1. pono: 
 to p. away care, curas p., Liv. i. 19: 
 fear, metum p., I'lin. Ep. 5. 6 anger, 
 iram p., Hor. A. P. 160 : and poet., corda 
 ferocia, Virg. Aen. i, J02: enmities, 
 Inimicitias, Oiel. in Cic. Fam. 8. 6 [cf. 
 TO LAI' aside]. And compd. depono 
 (opp. to suscipio, take up) : cf. dep. 
 amicitias, susc. inimicitias, id. Am. 21, 
 T7 : invidiam dep., id. Agr. 2, 26 : simul- 
 tates di'p., id. Plane. !i, 76: dep. ex 
 memoria insidias, id. Sull. 6, 18. 2. 
 abjicio, J : cf. abjiciamus ista, Cic. Att. 
 1}, Ji: abjicite deos alienos, Vulg. Gen. 
 XXXV. 2 : and stronger, projlcio, j : cf. 
 spem salutis pr., Plin. Ep. 7, 27 .- pro- 
 Jlcit anipuUas et sesquipedalia verba 
 ( = disdains), Hor. A. P. 97 : idola pro- 
 jecerunt, Vulg. Judic. X. 16. 3. aufero, 
 abstiili, j : cf. aufene deos alienos, Vulg. 
 I Reg. vii. J : foil, by de, id. 2 Paralip. 
 XV. 8 : by a, Osee ii. 2 ; by ex. p. aicay 
 from among yourselves that nicked per- 
 son, aufene malum ex vobis ipsis, id. 
 I Cor. V. 1 1. 4. tollo, } : cf. oninis 
 amaritudo toUatur a vobis, id. Eph. iv. 
 }i. 5. rgmoveo. 2 : joined with procul 
 esse : p. away from, thee a fronard 
 mouth, and percerse lips p. far from, 
 thee, remove a te os pravum, et deira- 
 hentia labia sint procul a te, id. Prov. iv. 
 24. 6; amoveo, 2 (= reject) ; cf. 
 
 (Saul) queni amovi ,1 facie mea, id. 2 Reg. 
 vii. 15. 7. repello, puli. pulsum. j . 
 cf. dolorem a se rep Cic. Fin. 1,9, ;o: 
 diadema rep.. Veil. 2, 56, fin. ( = re- 
 fuse) : Ut contumelia repellatur, Cic. 
 Off. I, J7. iJ7 ( = discard^: and, |||. 
 in a bad sense ( =: cast off through self- 
 tvill) : I did not p. aiiay his statutes 
 from Hie, juslitias ejus non repuli a me, 
 Vulg. Ps. xvii. 2? (xviii. 22): cf. habens 
 fidem et bonam conscientiam, quara 
 quidam repellentes, i Tim. i. 19. |V, 
 In theological sense, transfgro, j : the 
 Lord hath p. away thy sin, Hominus 
 traiistulil peccatum luum, V'nlg. 2 Reg. 
 Xii. I ?. P h r. : to /-. a' ay st?i, ad desti- 
 tntionem peccati, id. Heh. ix. 26. V. 
 In legal sense, to p. away a wife : \', 
 rgpudio. I ; V. TO DivoucE. 2. rejicio 
 (less formal), sc. conjuirfo, Tac. A. 11, 29. 
 
 back : \. To return a thing 
 
 to its place ■ 1. rgpono, j : with dat. : 
 lapldem suo loco rep,, Cic. Verr. 2, i , 56 : 
 with in and aid., pecuniam in thesauris 
 rep., Liv. 29. 1 3 also ace., ppcuniam in 
 tbesauros, id. 29. 19 2. recondo, j : 
 
 V. TO PDr Lip; TO replace ; TO RETURN. 
 II, Top. backwards : 1, repono; 
 top. back the hair, capillura rep., Quint. 
 8, prooem. 22. 2 retroago, j : cf. 
 
 capillos a fronte contra naturam ret., 
 604 
 
 id. II, J, 160. III. To make slow or 
 late: tardo, I- top. back rme's departure, 
 profectionem t., Oic. Fam. 7, ; : comp. 
 retardo, i ; Plin. 21, 21. 89 ■ v. T" retard. 
 put before ; I in position, lit. 
 or fig. 1, oppoiio, J . cf. oculis 
 
 inanus opp. Ov. F. j, 46 : nianum frunti, 
 id. M. 2, 276. 2. pono, j : p. befor" 
 your eyes, etc., pone ante oculos laeti- 
 tiam senatus, Cic. Phil. 2, 45 : v. to set 
 before. II, In order : praepono, J : 
 putting the last before the first (= prov. 
 the cart before the horse), praeponens 
 ultima primis, Hor. S. i, 4, 59. |||. A 
 proposition : propono, J: v. TO propose. 
 
 beside : pono, with iuxta : v. 
 
 BESIDE. 
 
 between: interpono. J: gen. 
 
 with dat.: equitatui interponit auxilia 
 levis armatnrae, Hirt. B. G. 8. 17 : also 
 with inter; Numidas inter eos interp., 
 Auct. B. Afr. I? : post-class., pono with 
 inter : / uill p. a division between, 
 ponam divisionem inter, Vulg. Ex. viii. 
 25 ; cf. Gen. iii. 15, p. inimicitias inter. 
 To p. a di/Terence between (i. e. make to 
 differ ; or, recognize a difference be- 
 tween): distare velle, Cic. Top. 8, 54: 
 distinguo, nxi, nctum. j. Cic. Verr. 4, 
 41 : discerno, Vulg. i Cor. iv. 7. 
 
 by : I. To deposit : 1. 
 
 condo, didi, ditum, ; : v. to lay i-p. 
 
 2. depono, 5 : to have something p. 
 
 6v.aliquidindepnsitohaljere. Papin. Dig. 
 
 I ?6, ?, 5. 3. repono, j : to p. by one's 
 
 writings for some time, scripta in ali- 
 
 qnod tempusrep., Quint. 10,4, 2. Joi n : 
 
 condo et repono : fnictus condendi ac 
 
 I reponendi scientia, Cic. N. D. 2, 62. fin. 
 
 II, To turn aside, to nard off: 
 
 averto, ; : deverto, j : defendo, ? : v. to 
 
 ! TURN ASIDE, to parry. |||. To refuse 
 
 I ("he put it [the crown^ by thrice," 
 
 Sh;iksp.) rppello, j: v. put awav 
 
 ^ (11. Xo. 7). IV. To lay (isid>' : to p. 
 
 by the ueb and the wo'k-basket and 
 
 j the HW/ijiis/ieii^ttfffo.telasquecalathosque 
 
 I infectaque pensa, Ov. M. 4, 10 : v. to put 
 
 j awat ; to pdt off. 
 
 down: I. To set down: 1. 
 
 j depijno, ; : to p. down a load, onus dep., 
 I T>ucr. J. 1072 : to p. down a thing out of 
 j one's hands, aliquiddemanibusdep.,Cic. 
 j Ac. I, I. J. Fig.; to put doiin money, 
 • tc. (esp. as a uager) : depono : [p. domi 
 I f/(is heifer, ego banc vitulam depono, 
 Virg. E. ?, ?i : also, in medium conferre 
 [ (=to p. into the pool). Suet. Aug. 71 . 
 V. to lay : to p. donn (in vjriting) .- 
 scribo, consciibo, doscribo . v. to write 
 DOWX. 2. appono, j : cf. PI. Poen. 
 4, 2, 5;: Sy. Onus urgpt. Mi. At tu 
 appone (p. it down then) : cf. Ter. 
 Andr. 4, 5, 10, hunc ante nostram 
 I .januam appone. Also (very rare), to 
 j put dmim as, e. g. gain, quera fors 
 dierum cunque dabit, lucro appone, Hor. 
 ' Od. I. 9. 15: cf. Ter. Andr. 2, i, jz: v. 
 I to account ; to reckon. 3. fero, ttili, 
 I latum, J ■ top. dou-n an item in an ac- 
 count, cf. Cic. Verr. i, J9, 100, expensum 
 tnlerit (p. it doim as paid). ||. To 
 lower: J, demitto, misi, niissum, j: 
 to p. doicn the. saH-ijard, antennam d., 
 Ov. Tr. J, 4, 9 : to p. down the ears (in 
 fear or submission), d. anres, Hor. Od. 
 2, I J, ?4: d. auriculas, id. S. i, 9. 20: 
 also suhmitio : aures (opp. to surrigere), 
 Plin. 10, 48, 67 : oculos, Ov. F. ;, 272 : 
 fasces, Plin. 7, jo, jr : v, to let down; 
 to lower. 2. depono, } : he ps don-n 
 his head and falls asleep, caput deponit, 
 condormiscit, PI. Cure. 2, ?, 81 : to p. 
 down his head on the ground, caput 
 terrae d,, Ov. M. j, 5, 20. 3. dejicio, j 
 (v. to throw down ; to throw of f) ; in 
 olii Eng. (e. g. Bacon) used like alvum 
 dejicere: v. to pup.ge. |||. Hence, fig. 
 to degrade, to h umble ; to repress : J. 
 premo, and compounds (1). premo, 
 pressi, pressum, j ■ he piided himself 
 on p.ing doirn a superior, premcndo 
 superiorem sese extollebat, Liv 22, 12 ; 
 to p. doioi one's reputation, famam ali- 
 cujus pr., Tac. A. 15, 49: in order to 
 p. down pejypWs talk, ut premeret vulgi 
 seimones, id. A. J, 6. Join, premere 
 ac despicere. Quint. 11, i, 16. (,2). de- 
 
 primo • each raises himself by p ing 
 dou-n another, ita se quisque extullit, 
 ut deprimat alium, Liv j, 6s, fin (3), 
 supprimo ■ v. to repri^ss. 2. delicio, 
 jeci, jectum, j with de, to be p. down 
 from a post of honour, de honore dpjici, 
 Cic, Verr. Act. i, 9, 2; : abl. alone, 
 honore, Liv. J9, 41 • p. down from their 
 supremacy, dejecti principatu,"Caes. B. G. 
 7,6;. Joined with demoveo, depello, 
 and detrudo, in Cic. Caecin. 17, 49, de- 
 moveti et depMi de loco necesse est 
 eum qui dejiciatur : neminem statu! 
 detrusum, qui non adhibita vi manu 
 demotus et actus praeceps intelligatur: 
 for detrudo (the strongest term) cf. to 
 be p. doum from tlie frst rank to the 
 second, a primo ordine' in secundum de- 
 trudi. Suet. Caes. 29. Depono is used in 
 this sense in Vulg. Luc. i. 52, depi>suit 
 potentes de sede, et exaltavit humiles: 
 
 v. TO degrade, to DEPOSE. \^.ToSUp- 
 
 press, to do away uith : 1. exstiiiguo. 
 nxi, nctum, j : when death had p. down 
 envy, mors quum exstinxisset invidiam, 
 Cic. Balb. 6, 16 : truth niay too often be 
 overpmvered, never p. down, veVitatem 
 laborare nimis saepe, aiunt, exstingui 
 nunquam, Liv. 22, J9. Join: exst. 
 and opprimo: you ought to p. dtmn 
 and crush in the bud ilie pouer of that 
 sort of men, hominum ejusmodi pemi- 
 liosam atque intoleraudam potentiam 
 primo quoque tempore exst. atque op- 
 priuiere debetis, Cic. Rose. A. n j6. 
 2. tollo, sustuli, sublatum, ; to p. 
 down old laws by new ones, vetires leges 
 novis legibus t., Cic. dp Or. f, s8, 247: 
 wiih ex, dictaturam lunditus ex repub- 
 lica t., id. Phil, i, i, j v. to aboli.sh ; 
 to DESTROY. 3. submitio, j: furorem, 
 Virg. Aen. I2, 8j2 cf. to queli,. V. 
 To p. down something of one's oicn ; to 
 giiv up, abandon, resign : 1. pono 
 (opp. to sumo, take up) : cf. Nee sumit 
 aui ponit secures, Arbitrio popularis 
 aurae, Hor. Od. j, 2, 19-20 ; ct. to lay 
 DOWN. 2. repono. 3. exuo : cf to 
 lay aside. 
 
 put forth : I. Phys. to stretch 
 
 forth (esp. the hand) : 1. usu. ex- 
 tendo, di, turn and sum. } : v. to stretch 
 forth, OUT: wiih ad and ace. of the 
 thing touched, Vulg. 2 Heg. vi. 6 : also 
 the simple verb with ut : tetendit Oza 
 manum suam ut sustentaret arcam, id. 
 I Paralip. xiii. 9 : with de, (Jeroboam) 
 p. forth his hand from the altar, ext. 
 manum suam de altare, id. j Heg. xiii. 
 
 4. Fig.: to engage in any deed: top. 
 forth one's hand to iniquity, ext. ad 
 iniquitatein manus suas, id. Ps. cxxiv. 
 (cxxv.) ;. 2. mitto, misi, niissum, j 
 (post-class.): Vulg. Gen. iii. 22, .\ix. 10: 
 and Pmitto, id. Ezech. viii. }. Both verbs 
 used fig. with in and ace, in the sense of 
 injure, attack, violate : to p. forth the 
 hand against (a person), manum ext. 
 in, ill. I Keg. xxii. 17, xxiv. 11 (the 
 simple verb, tendo, in i Paralip. xiii. 
 19) : manum mittere in, id. 2 Reg. xviii. 
 12 : for an infliction, extende manum 
 tuam et tjinge, id. Job i. 11 (cf ii. 5, 
 mitte manum, etc.). ||. More gen., 
 to cause to go forth, send out ; turn oui ; 
 
 1, mitto, and comp. emitto, j : cf. 
 Cic. Cat. I, II, non emissus ex urbe, sed 
 immissus in urbem: Vulg. Joh. x. 4 
 (said of a shepherd), cum proprias oves 
 emiserit. 2. Stronger, foras ejiclo, 
 
 projicio : v. to turn out. Intr., foras 
 fieri : he commanded to p. (them) forth, 
 jussit foras ad breve homines fieri, Vulg. 
 Act. V. J4. III. Hence, to utter, pub- 
 lish, PROPOSE : 1, emitto, j : cf son- 
 itum ex alto em., Lucr, 4, 696 : vocem 
 copIo em., Liv. 5, 51 : a nitty saying p. 
 forth, facetum dictum em., Cic. de Or. 
 2, 54, 219: to p. foHh arguments, argu- 
 menta em., ib. 2, 5?, 214 , to p. forth 
 (= publish) a book of games, lilirum 
 de arte aleam ludendi em. Suet. CI. }t. 
 2. propono, } (=publish): cf Prop. 
 J, 2J. 2}, I puer et citus haec aliqua 
 propone columnar Cic. Mur. 11, edis- 
 cendos fastos populo prop. : id. Agr. 2, 
 
 5, legem in publicum prop. : also said of 
 a taying or question : another parabU
 
 PUT FORWARD 
 
 PUT IN, I NTO 
 
 PUT OFF 
 
 p. ki Jorth to them, aliani parabolam 
 proposuit illls, Viilg. Slait. xiii. 24 (dico 
 igalso used in this !.eiis<-)- pmpi'tio with 
 in medio, rem in medio prop , Cic. Verr. 
 I. I, II . (also, rem in medium pmterre, 
 id. Fam. 15, 2; vocare, id Clueiit. 28). 
 3. produco, J : cf. Cic. Ko^c. Com. 
 10, nihil ab hoc pravum et perversum 
 produci posse arbitrabantur. 4. to 
 utter a cry, vocem dare : cf. Vulg. 
 Prov. viji I, numquid non sapiontia 
 clamitat, et prudcntia dul vocem suam 
 (p. f 01th her v<ive.)f 5. e*lo, J v. 
 TO PUBLISH. 6. edico, ; : v to i-ro 
 CLAtM. IV. I'o send forth (shootn. 
 
 etc.): 1. mitto, j: roots, railices m.. 
 Col. }, 18; Iraves, folium m., Plin. 18. 
 7, 10 ^ 5 : comp. r-niiito : folia em., 
 id. 18, 20, 49 : btoi'Sotns, flores m.. Id. 24, 
 9, j8 : the pass, is used for intr of the 
 same sense: ulnii eniitinniiir in ranios. 
 Id. 17, 12, 18: submitto 'Jo send up): 
 cf. 8. tellus flores, Lncr. i, 8: pabiila 
 tellu.s pasccndis s. equis, l.iican 4, 41 1 . 
 s. humus formosa colores, I»rop. I, 2, 9. 
 2, glgno, genui. fifnllum, } : u7ia(- 
 ever the earth p.sf(>i th, omnia quae terra 
 gignat, Cic. N. t). i, 2, 4 . v. to bkak, to 
 PBOKCCK. 3. prodiico (post-class, in 
 
 this sense): cf. VuIk. Luc. x.\i. jo, (of 
 trees) cum prodiicunt jam ex se fnictum 
 (the parallels. Malt. -xxlv. J2, Marc. xiil. 
 28, have the imr. nascor; v. to spring 
 forth). 
 
 put forward : i. To put in the 
 forefront .- praepono, ? : cf. Ov. i'rist. 
 I. 7i J4> Hos quoque sex versus, in prima 
 fronte libelli Si praeponendos es.se puta- 
 bis, babe. ||, Weme. to put forward 
 (in public): 1. prodQco, j: he p. for- 
 ward Roman knights ov thf. stage to act 
 a pantomime, equites R. ad jigendum 
 minium produxit in scenam, Suet. Xer. 4. 
 
 2. Stronger, trudo, si, sum, j {an 
 a candidate), cf. in quae (comitia), om- 
 nibus invitis, trudit noster Magnus Auli 
 filiutn, Cia Att. i, 16. 3. piopello, 
 piili, pulsum, j : with obj, a person ; the 
 Jiws p.ing him foru ard, propclleniibus 
 eum Judaeis, Vulg. Act. xix. JJ : obj. a 
 thing . to p. foruard one's cruile uvrk 
 before the public, truda studia in forum 
 prop., Petr. 4. 4. Still stroiifier, os- 
 tento. I (to p. foricard prominently) : 
 cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 41, Ambiorigem osten- 
 tant fidei faciendae causa, l- i g. {inake 
 a display of. as, " p. their bi st quali- 
 ties forward," Swift), esp. reflect. : why 
 should ' p. myself foruard, quid me 
 ost^ntem? Cic Kam. 1,4. Join: prae 
 me fero et ostenlo . he p.s himself f 01- 
 vard before all the i-est, caetcris prae 
 te fert et ostentat, id. Att. 2, 2 j. Also, 
 for refl. sense, to p. oneself foruard, 
 in medium veniri-, procedeie : v. to 
 COME FORWARD. AI>o praefeTo, tub, 
 latum, } : as a prrtunce, mude.stiam 
 praeferre et lascivia uti, Tac. A. i ;, 4?. 
 
 III. '!''> P- .fonvard a proof, ex- 
 ample, or claim : 1, allego, i : ex- 
 empluni, Plin. Kp. ?, 15: menta. Suet. 
 Aug. 47 : you thought this ought to be 
 p. foruard to the senate, hoc senatui 
 allegandum piitasti, Plin. Pan. 70. 2. 
 oppono, J V. Tt) Ai.i.KGK. 3. ostendo, 
 di. sum and turn, j: cf. magnitica et 
 praeclara ejus defeiisio ostenditur, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, i. 4. poiio, with In medio: 
 cf. ponam in medio senientias philoso- 
 phorum, Cic N. D. 1, 6. |V. To p. 
 forward a plea, defenc, or ercuse : 
 1. affSro, attuli, allatum, afTerre, j 
 (usiL with causain or rationes) : cf. 
 quam caugani atferani ? Ter. Heaut. 
 J. J. 2J : justas causas affers, Cic. Att. 11, 
 '5- 2. piaeteiido, di, tuin, ? (whence 
 frretend) .• cf. Tac A. j, 59. fessam 
 aetatem et actos iabores praet. (plead). 
 
 3. obtendii, J of. id. ib. J5, vale- 
 tadinem corporis obt. : v. to plead. 
 
 from (obs =put out of) : ejicio: 
 
 extrudo eic. v to pit out. 
 
 in. into : 1. pOno, j : with 
 
 ace. of thing, the place expr. by in with 
 abl. or ace. or pronom. adv. . v. supr. to 
 PUT, No. 3. 2. impono, j with ace. 
 of thing, the place expr by ace. wiih 
 'ji veiy rarely with in and abl. : to p. 
 
 one't foot in the water, pedem Imp. In 
 undam, Plaut. Mr)st. 2, 2, 4: top. the 
 vimlows, di4urs, into a house, fenestrais, 
 Ostia, in aedes imp., Julian. [)ig. 6, 19. 
 3. interpono, j ; to p. in (a remark 
 or word) : V. to i.">tkkpcr-e. 4, '"'- 
 mitto, } (with the idea uf force) : cf. cor- 
 pus im. ill undas. Ov H. 2, ijj ■" haet 
 (tigna) quum machinalionibus inimi»»a 
 in flumen d'fixerat (p them in and 
 fixed them there), Caes. B. <». 4, 17. 
 Fig.: hv hath p into my mouth a new 
 song, inimisjt in os meum canticuni no- 
 vum, Vulg. Ps. xxxix. 4 (xl. j). Mitio 
 .-.iniply is used in the Vulg. : put thine 
 hand into thy bosom, mitte manum tiiam 
 in sinum tuiim, Ex. iv. 6: Share done 
 nothing titat they should p. me into the 
 dungeim, innocens in lacum missus siim, 
 Gen. xl. 15: cf. j Keg. xxii. 27, niittite 
 virum istum in carcerem : cf. id. .Foh. 
 V. 7 ; XX. 25 : .facob. iii. j, equis frena 
 in ora mittimus. Both verbs used in 
 Matt. ix. 16, 17: immitto, to let in a 
 piece (comniissuram panni rudis in ves- 
 timentum novum ; mitto, to pour in, 
 viiiuni in utres). 5. demitto, j: to 
 
 p. money into a purse, numum in locu- 
 los, Uor. Kp. 2, I, 175 : to p. a block ball 
 into the ballot-box, calculum atrum in 
 umam dem., Ov. M. 15,44. 6. dimitto, 
 J (sujfer to go into, jxist-class.) : if a 
 man shall put in his beast, etc., si dimi- 
 serit quispiam Juiiientum suum, ut de- 
 pascatur aliena, Vulg. Ex. xxii. 5 : p. 
 me into one of the priests' offices, dimilte 
 me ad unam partem sacerdotalem, id. 
 I Reg. ii. }6. 7. insgro, serui, sertuni, 
 J . with in and ac:, top. one's neck into 
 a noose, coUum in laqueuin ins.. Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 17, J7 : to p. one's head into a 
 tent, Ciiput in tentoria in.s., Liv. 8, 36 : 
 with dat. and in, cf. meretrici manum in 
 sinum ins., Ter. Heaut. ?, j, 2. dut.only, 
 contiones direclas operi >\h) Ins., Just. 
 J8, J : historiae jocos, Ov. I'r. 2, 444 ■ v. 
 TO rxsF.KT. Absol., you're putting in 
 all the norld {into the boat), trecent.)s 
 inserts, Hor. S. i, ;, 12. 8. insfiro, 
 sevi, si turn, j, to p. in a seed, plant, 
 graft ; if the coin is not p. in (sc. the 
 ground), si frumentum nun Inseritur, 
 Col. 5, 7, } : cf. TO GRAFT ; to plant ; 
 to sow; to INSKKT. Fig. with dot.; 
 animos corporibus ins. (= unite), Cic. 
 Tim. 12 : V. TO implant. 9. infCro, 
 tilli, latum, j : with dat., cf. semina 
 arvls inf., Tac. A. 11, 54: spolia opima 
 temple inf., Liv. 4, 20: with in and ace, 
 to p. (or throw) a thing into the fire, 
 aliquid in ignem inf., Caes. B. G. 6, 19: 
 to p. in a thrust (said of a fencer), 
 ictum inf. (dat. of pers. if expr.), like 
 vulnus inf.: cf. to push; to tiirl>t; 
 and the substs. : to p. a foot in, pedem 
 inf., v. TO SKI (ffM)t in) : to p. a l/odij 
 into a tomb ; cf. reliquias ejus majoruro 
 tiimiilis inferri jus.eit, Just. 11, 15: cf. 
 ne quis st-pulcra deleat, neve alienum 
 Inferat (nor p. in a stranger to the 
 family'), Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 64 to p. (an 
 item) into account^ (bring or carry to 
 account), aliquid rationibus inf.. Col. i, 
 7, 7 : in rationes, Julian. Dig. J4. j, 12 : 
 absol., top. in (= render) false accounts, 
 rationes inf., Cic. Fl. 9, 20. 
 
 To put in (a snip to land or 
 
 port): 1. appello, puli, pulsum, j: 
 /). m here, hue appt-lle, Hor. S. i, 5, I2 : 
 they p. in to the island, ad insulam 
 appiilerunt, Liv. 57, 21 : v. to land. 
 
 2. appliro, avi, and ui, I (navem or 
 -es, with ad of the place) : cf. ad Heraeum 
 naves appllcuit, Liv. jj, 17 : ad lerram, 
 .Auct. Bell. Hisp. }7,_/in. I'ass. as Intr.: 
 cf. applicatis nostris ad terram navibus, 
 Caes. B. C. J, loi : Ceae tellnris ad oras 
 applicor, Ov. ,M. j, 598. with in, cf. ap- 
 plicor in terras, id. H. 16. 126: with 
 adv., Poet, quo accedam ? quo applicam, 
 Enn. in Cic. I'usc. }, 19 3. to p. into 
 port: portum petere, Cic. Plane. J9: p. 
 capere, Caes. B. G. 4, }6 ; p. tenere. Cic. 
 Fam. t. 9 : p. occupare, Hor. Ep. i, 6, J2 : 
 cf. fortiter occupa portum, id. Od. 1, 14, 2. 
 
 Phrr. with put followed by in: 
 (\) to p. in dangrr or peril, in perl- 
 culum aCferre, vocare, periculum con- 
 
 flare alicui, intendere alicai or in ali- 
 quem : peri.liior, i v to rkdanckr, 
 TO RISK they p. Vieir lixxt in jeo- 
 pardy to briny me iiater, in prriculu atJ- 
 inanim siiariim attuleriint mihi aquam, 
 Vulg. 1 Paralip. xi. 19. (ii.) to p. one 
 in doubt (Miltcjii), dubinni face re • ct 
 Cic. Maiiil. 10, quae res est, quae cujiu- 
 quam aninium in hue causa dublum 
 facere possit? to be p. in doubt, sibi 
 dubitationem dari. Caes. B. G 1, 14. 
 (iii.) to p. in a fright, terrgo, 2, etc. : 
 v. TO frii:htk.\; to tkkrifv. (Iv.) to 
 p. in mind. nioii6o, adm., comm., 2 ■ 
 V. to kkmind. (v.) to p. in a pas- 
 sion, Iratuin facere, cf. Cic. de Or. i, 51, 
 22S. (vi.) to p. in array, instrfio, j; 
 statiio, consilliio, } : v. to draw up .- 
 p. yourselves iti array a{/aintt Babylon, 
 pracparamiiii vos contra B., Vulg. Jer 
 L 14. (vii.) to p. iu order, ordino, i; 
 agniina, Hor. Ep. 17, 9; aciem, Juot 
 II, 9; paries orationis, Cic. Inv. i, 14; 
 provinciam inqiiielaiii. Suet, ijalb. 7 : 
 res in ordinem redigC-re, Auct. Her. }, 
 9; in ordinem addCicere, Cic. Tim. i. 
 also expedfo, 4: v. to akranof.: to set 
 (in ordkr) : (viil.) to p. in j/racticc, v. 
 to practise, (ix.) to put in the way 
 (of doing a thing, of Uaminy, etc.), 
 e. g. " experience puts us in the way " 
 (Dryden), cf. Cels. prael. Tried., ad cu- 
 randi rationein nihil plus conferl quam 
 experientia. (x.) to. p. in wiHing, 
 perscribo, j : oralionem, Cic Fam. 5, 
 4: cf. Sail. Jug. }o, decere exisiimavi, 
 unam ex tarn muliis orationem per- 
 scribere: also, praescnbo; test^mienium 
 Uteris, Paul. Dig. 29, i, 40. Phr. : to 
 make a proclamation, and p. il also in 
 writing, praedicari elium per srriptu- 
 lam, V^ulg. I Paralip. xxxvi. 22. (xi.) 
 to p. one's life in one s hand ; cf. 
 Vulg. Job xiii. 14. animam mcam porto 
 in manibus meis (cf. to pit. No. 3). 
 Phrr.: with put folLby into; (xil.) p. 
 into the hands of: (1.) ^= entrust to, do, 
 I : with in manum.cf. Ter. Aiidr. 1, 5,62, 
 banc mihi in manum date : and alone; to 
 p. a letter into the hands of (the bearer, 
 i. e. to send it by him), literas alicui 
 dare, Cic. Att. 5, i?, fin.: to p. a 
 matter into any one's hands, rem or 
 negotium alicui dare or dedere . cf. 
 dat hospiti suo negotium, Cic. Verr. 4. 
 4;. 99: also mando, i: credo, j: com- 
 mitto, J: permilto, j: depono, i: v. to 
 
 I>ELr\ER, TO ENTRUST, TO GIVF. lUld crVE 
 
 over- (cf. TO PUT iinder). Cl.)=give 
 up to and reflect. : trado, } : dedo. j : 
 
 prodo, J- V. TO GIVE UP, TO SCRIlK.NDFJt, 
 
 TO BETRAY, (xiil.) to p. into the num- 
 ber of (reckon as) : pono, } (v. to put. 
 No. 3) : duco, } : top. into the number of 
 his enemies (Pope), in numero bu>tium 
 ducere, Cic. Verr. 5, 25, Jin. : cf. Sail. J. 
 14, aliquem loco aflinium d. (xiv.) top. 
 in or into the plate of: sulido. sub- 
 jicio : suppono; subsiiiuo : v. to sub- 
 stitute: top. into a place belonging 
 to another, ct. Masinissam in .^yphacis 
 regnuni imp., Liv. J7, 25: v. instead- 
 (xv.) To p. one into a suspicion (=p. 
 the suspicion into one's mind), dare 
 suspicionl locum, Cic. C«el. 4 ; (cf. 
 ol' doubt, dare locum dubitationi. Id. 
 Balb. 6). 
 
 put off: I, T>i t (opp- 'o i*" o"). 
 
 especially of dress. 1. pOno, j • top. 
 of one's shiii, tunlcam p., Cic. Tusc. 5, 
 20, 60 . cf. Juv 6, 477 (of the slaves of a 
 cjipricious lady), periit librarla, jHinunt 
 Osmetae tunicas. Constr. with deot the 
 person: top. o/7"c/"/A«'>(poet.), cf. Ov. M. 
 4, 545, Mullia de teiiero velainlna cor- 
 porepotiit: or uW. only. cf. nunqiuun 
 humeris positurus arcuin, Hor. Od. ?, 4, 
 60. Ckimpound, depono, } with abl. of 
 that whence put off. to put of the loads 
 from the beasts, onera jumentis dep., 
 "Caes. B G i, 80 cf. to take off. 
 to p. off a)-mour, amia dep. bumcrls. 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 707 : cf. Vulg. i ^^% 
 xvii. 39, et (David) deposuit ea (Saul's 
 armour) : to p. oif shoes, dep. soleas. 
 Mart. ?, 50. but cf. No. 4 : depono used 
 in connection with nudor, 1 ; Vulg. 
 2 Esdr. iv. n, non deponeUamus vesti- 
 60J
 
 PUT OFF 
 
 PUT OFF 
 
 PUT ON 
 
 menta nostra ; nnusqnisque tantum nn- 
 dabatiir ad baptismum. ( K.xpr. by subst. 
 in 2 Pf t. 1. 14 : certus, quud velox est 
 depositio tabernaculi mei, / must shortly 
 p.off). Fig.: {\) =p.av:ay,getridof: 
 top. off grief and mourniiig, nioerorera 
 et luctum, Cic. Phil. 14, IJ: cf. Vulg. 
 Eph. iv. 22, deponere vos vet^rem bo- 
 mineni.opp. to imluite novum homineni 
 (Ibe paral. in Col. iii. 9 has exspoliantes, 
 Stripping off): (2) v. to lay down, to 
 KEsrGK. 2. abjicio, j : a stronger term : 
 
 V. TO CAST OFF, TO THROW OFF. 3. 
 
 exiio, iii, utum, j : (said of dress, etc., 
 closely fitting, or fastened on), with ace. 
 of thing, abl of person, etc. : top. off the 
 quifer from the shoulder, pharetram 
 humero e.\., Ov. M. 2, 419: alas ex. 
 (= to lay aside), Virg. Aen. i, 690 
 of an animal changing its skin, serpens 
 exuit in spinis vestem, Lucr. 4, 59. 
 Fig.: exuere jugum {to shake off), Li v. 
 ^5, ;7 : ex. bumaniratem {to lay aside), 
 C!ic. Lig 5, 14 ferit.item ex., Ov. F. }, 
 281 : silvestrcm animum. Virg. 6.2, 51 : 
 moies antiquus, Liv. 27, 8 ; for constr. 
 with ace. of person, and abl. of thing : v. 
 TO STuiP. 4. solvo, vi, iitum, } (= tn 
 untie) : p. off thy shoes from off thy feet, 
 solve calceameutura de pedibus tuis, 
 Viilg. Ex. iii. ;. 5. demOveo, 2: fig. : 
 to p. off from himself all suspicion of 
 the crime, ut ab se sceleris istius sus- 
 picio demoveretur, Cic. Verr. 4, 4;, 100. 
 II. To defer, procrastinate : 1, 
 compds. of fero: (1) diffSro, distiili, dif- 
 ferre, dllatum {to separate by a space of 
 time) : (a) indefinitely : obj. of the time ; 
 tempusditr.,Cic. Phil. 8. 8, 2J ; and pass, 
 venit tenipus tani mature ut differri jam 
 hora non pos>it, id. ib 6, 7, 19: I thivic 
 the day may be p. off, puto posse diem 
 differri. Id. Att. i?, 57: to p. off from 
 day to day, diem de die diff.. Liv. 25, 25 : 
 obj. of the thing-; this I cannot p. off, 
 hoc non queo diif., Cic. Q. F. 2, 8: he 
 proposed to p. off tlit subject, rem dis- 
 tulit, id. l)iv. 10, 16: to p. off a journey 
 for the present, iter in praesentia diff., 
 Caes. B. C. ?, 8,. Poet.: anger p. off 
 thirst, distulit ira sitim, Ov. M. 6, j66 : 
 obj. an inf.; quaerere distuli, Hor. Od. 
 4, 4, 21 : a subj. clause with quin ; nihil 
 dilaturi, quin periculum summae rerum 
 facerent {fearing to p. it off till, or lest), 
 Liv. 6, 22. fn. : with in and ace. of time ; 
 to p. off to another time, in aliud tempus 
 diff., Cic. Brut. 87 • to a future time, in 
 postenim diff., id. Verr. 2, i, }2, 81 : (b) 
 definitely to p. off a thing to the next 
 day, aliqiiid in posterum diem diff., id. 
 Deiot. 7, 21 : cf. Liv. 52, J5, dilato in 
 posterum diem colloquio : let ns p. off 
 (or reserve) the rest till to-monovi, 
 reliqiia differamus in crastinum, Cic. Rep. 
 2, 44 I'n. : till your arrival, in adven- 
 tuni tuuni, id. Fani. 2, j, ad fin. : for a 
 year, in annum, Hor. Ep. i, 2, ?9 he 
 neglfted to keep the day named in the 
 edict, and p. it off till .Vou. 28, di' m 
 edicti obire neslexit: in a. d. IV. Kal. 
 Dec. dislulit, Cic. Phil. ;. 8. 20: rarely 
 with ad of time: cf. id. Vat. 11, fin 
 (fig.), le id, quod promulgasses miseri- 
 cordiae nomine, ad crudeliiatis tempus 
 distulisse. With obj. of person (simply 
 of time : for fig. sen.se, see So. IlL): if 
 y(ri p. rm off till another time, sin 
 autem differs me in aliud tenipus, iii. 
 Fam. 5, 12: {the professor) refused to 
 admit {Titierius) to a leiture out of the 
 course, ami told his servant to p. him off 
 tUl tlie Saturday, Diogenes Gramma- 
 ticus, dispiitaie sabbatis Rhodi solitus, 
 venientem eum ut se extra ordiU'-m 
 audirei, non admi^erat, ac per servuliim 
 suum in septiminu diem distulerat. 
 Suet. I'ib. ?2 rarely with ad : the am- 
 bassadors, irho had been p. off tiV the 
 new year, legati, qui ad novos magi- 
 stratus dilati erant, Liv. 41, 8. (Note : 
 the other c<jmpds. of fero are almost 
 always used definitely.) (2^ prof^ro, j 
 (to carry for irard) : constr. absol. cf. auc- 
 tioni< diem laxiu-^ prof., Cic. Att. u, 14 : 
 with in ; cl. aliquid in diem posterum 
 prof., Gf\\. I, 2} : with occ. of duration; 
 cf. rem aliquot dies prof., Cat. in Gell. 
 606 
 
 7, J. (3) confero, j (to reserve for), 
 rare : constr. with in and ace. : cf. omnia 
 in mensem Martiuni conf., Cic. Att. 6, i : 
 in posterum diem iter suum contulit. 
 Brut, ill Cic. Fam. 11. I ?. (4) tratisfero, 
 J (to carry over to another time), rare : 
 constr. with in and ace: cf. causa haec 
 Integra in proximum anniun trans- 
 feretur, Cuel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 9: reflect, 
 cf. subito rellquit annum suum, seseque 
 in proximum annum transtulit {p. off 
 his candidature), Cic. Mil. 9, 24. 2. 
 compds. of trudo. di, sum, j ; stronger 
 sensp: (l)detrudo {to push dmvn): cf. 
 coniitia in mensem Martiuni detr., Cic. 
 Q. Fr. 2, I J : comitia in adventum 
 Caesaris detr, id. Att. 4, 17. (2) pro- 
 trudo, j: comitia in Januarium mensem 
 protr., id. Fam. 10, 26,/n. 3. duco, 
 xi, ctum, ;, and pr6dii<:o : with obj. of 
 thing, always TO prolong, tocarby on : 
 with obj. of time (the thing understood) : 
 th^ ffaedui p. off {the matter) day after 
 day, diem ex die ducere Haedui. Caes. 
 
 B. G. I, 16: with obj. of person (passing 
 into sense 111.), when he saw that they 
 were onlv putting him off, ubi se diutius 
 duel inte'llexit, ib. (2) produco (to carry 
 forirard) : cf. dies producta est in JIL 
 id. Febr., Cic. Q. F. 2, ?. 4. traho, xi, 
 ctum, J, and compds. (gen. to pro- 
 long) : to p. off purposely to the last 
 moment, rem de jndustria in serum tr., 
 Liv. n, ?5 : with obj. of person (passing 
 into sense IlL): cf. legati querentes, 
 trahi se a Caesare, ad quem niissi forent. 
 Suet. Tib. 31. (2) extraho : indef. : the 
 ca.':e is by our opponents p. off on all 
 sorts of piretexts, res ab adversariis 
 nostris extracta est variis calumniis, 
 Cic. Fam. 4, i : to p. off the battle till 
 the morroir. pugnam in posterum extr., 
 Tac. A. 4, 7 J : to p. off from day to day, 
 diem de die extr.. Sen. Ben. 2, 5, fn. 
 (3) protraho (cf . to protract). Join: 
 stipendia militum, etc., protrahi ac dif- 
 ferri (uHis p. off and delayed). Suet. Ner. 
 52. 5. Other verbs compd. with pro: 
 (1) prodo, J (to p. forward): Cat. ap. 
 Fest. p. 242, ed. Miiller I think I shall 
 prevail on him at least to p. off the 
 marriage a fe" days, credo impelraho, 
 ut aliquot saltern nuptiis prodat dies, 
 Ter. Andr. 2, 1, H. (2) prolato, i (freq. 
 of profero) : to p. off from day to day, 
 diem ex die prol., Tac. A. 6. 42 : esp. in 
 gerundive: by putting off the conferences, 
 prolatandis consultationibus. Sail. J. 27. 
 Join: diibiiando et dies prolatando, id. 
 
 C. 4J. Join: id (malum) opprinii sus- 
 tentando ac prolatando nullo pacto potest, 
 Cic Cat. 4, i.fln. (3) prom&veo, 2: in 
 so far as I p. off my master's marriage, 
 qtinntum bulc promoveo nuptias, Ter. 
 Andr. 4, 2, 28. (4) prorogo, i (to extend 
 thetime) : absol. top. off the day for pay- 
 ment, dies ad solvendum, Cic. Phil. 2. 
 29 : '' hn p.s off the time for amending 
 his life, qui recte vivendi prorogat 
 horani, Hor. Ep. i 2, 41 : with in and 
 occ. to p. off the soldier's hope to a future 
 day, spem mi iti in aliiim dinm pror., 
 PI. Aul. ?, 5, 57. (5) procrastino, i (lit. 
 p. off t'U the iiir/rro'r) : with obj. of thing. 
 Join rem differre quotidie ac procras- 
 tinare, Cic. Kosc. Am. 9, ad fin.: pass., 
 cf. res non procrastinatur, id. Verr. 4, 4;, 
 100 V. to pRocRAsrrNATE. 6. rejicio, 
 J (to thro^v over to another time) : obj. of 
 thing- the leiialvms were p. off from the 
 1st to the I Uh if February, a Kal. Fehr. 
 legationes in Idus Fehr. rejiciebantur, 
 Cic. y. F. 2, ?: obj. of per.'ion: all at 
 once you p. iis off till Jidy, repente abs 
 te in "mensem Quinctilem rejecti sumus, 
 id. Att. I, 4. 7. rgservo, i (to keep 
 back for another occasion), rare in the 
 sense of p.off : v. to kekp, to reserve. 
 
 8, sustingo, 2 (to hold in suspense) : 
 indef.'; top. off var by counsel, helium 
 consilio sus., Liv. j, 60 : def. with ad 
 and ace. • to p. off the assault till vight, 
 oppiigiiati'inem ad noctem sus., Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 17. Also freq. sustento, i (to 
 keep in sufp^nse). .T o i n : sustenfando 
 ac pnilatamlo, v. sup. No. 5: with ad 
 and ace. ; aediticationem Arcani ad tuum 
 adi'entum sustentari placebat, Cic y. K. 
 
 2, 7 : with dum and subj. ; p. off the 
 matter tUl .Zero's arrival, susientes rem, 
 dura Nero veniat, id. Fam. i j, 64. 9. 
 tardo. I {to delay) : to prevrnt, or at aU 
 events p. off, my starting, aut impedire 
 protectionem autcerte tardare,Cic. Fam. 
 7, 5: and Oimp. rgtardo, with 1 bj. of 
 pt-rson ; fortasse literae meae te retard- 
 arunt (as we say to p. off an expected 
 comer), Cic. Att. ij, 36. 10. in the 
 intrans. sense: cutictor, i, dep. : mdror, 
 I, dep. : m6ram inti-rpono ■ v. to delay : 
 also v. to defer, to postpone, to re- 
 serve. Ill Hence, with obj. of person, 
 to amvse vit/t prrtences, deceive, delmie: 
 1. differo, j : cf. Liv. 7, 14, differri 
 non posse adeo concitatos animos (=; 
 appease) : to p. one off » ith all sorts of 
 deceptions, aliqiiem variis frustratiimibtis 
 diff.. Just. 9, 6, fn. : cf. Liv. 2;, 2?, 
 dilatus per frustrationem: to p. off a 
 suitor, aliquem |ietentem diff.. Suet 
 Vesp. 2?. 2. dtico, J: V. swp. II. No. 3. 
 atid prodtico, } : to }>. one off ith de- 
 ceitful hope, aliquem falsa spe prod., 
 Ter. And. 4. i, 24 : to p. off (e. g. a cre- 
 ditor) by proposing terms, aliquem con- 
 ditionibus prod., Cic yuinct. 8, 50: v. to 
 DRAW ON ; TO LEAD ON. 3. traho, J : 
 V. sup. II. No. 4 : and extraho, }. 
 Join: eludi atqne e.xtiahi se multi- 
 tudo putare {they were being played 
 with and p. off), Liv. 2. 2J. |V. Mer- 
 cantile sense, to get rid of by selling: 
 extrudo, 3: cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 11 laudat 
 venales, qui vult extrudere, merces. 
 V. Intrans.: to p. off {to sea): 
 solvo, J (to unmoor) : with obj. of the 
 ship, cable, or shore, and absol. Poet. : 
 solv. phaselon, Hor. Od. ), 2, 29- to p. 
 off from the shore, sot v. funem arena. 
 Prop. I, 8, II : solv. oram, Quint. 4, 2, 
 41 : a terra solvere (naves), Cae.s. B. C. 
 J, ici : from a place, e. g. Alexandria 
 solv., Cic. : V. TO put to sea. Subst., a 
 putting off: prolalio,/. : productio,/. 
 
 p-at on : | . L i t. to place one thing 
 on amither : 1. impono, j : constr. 
 for the position, usu. dat., or in with 
 ace. (rarely in with abl., where the idea 
 of thepioceprevails over that of placing : 
 as, these garlands shall be p. on our 
 hearth for Vie Lar, haec imponentur in 
 foco nostro I^ri, PI. Aul. j, 8, 16) the 
 pack-saddle is p. on the ox, clitellae bovi 
 sunt impositae (prov. for a burthen on 
 the vrrong shouldrrs), Cic. Att. 5, 15 : 
 (Lycaon) p. the joii-ts on the UMe, 
 (anus) imposuit mensis, Ov. M. I, 230: 
 they p. a crown of gold on the letter, 
 coronam auream Uteris imponebant, Cic. 
 Flacc. 37, 76 he proposed to p. a dia- 
 dem on his colleague's head, id egit ut 
 collegae diadema imponeret, id. Phil. J, 
 5, 12: youths p. on funeral pyres, etc., 
 inipositique rogis jnvenes ante ora pa- 
 rsntum, Vire. G. 4, 477. and Aen. 6, 
 308 : same phrase with in and ace. ; in 
 roeiim imp., Cic. Tusc i, 35. 85 : in 
 ignem imposita 'st, Ter. And. i, i, 102. 
 With pronom. culv. : cf. Caes. E.G. 1,42, 
 omnibus equisGallisequitibusdetractis, 
 eo {on them, i. e. the horses) legionarios 
 milites imp. Esp., to p. on board a 
 ship, usu. constr. with in naves : cf. le- 
 giones equitesque Brundisii in naves 
 impositi, id. B. C. 3, 14: adv. cf. depre- 
 hensis navibus cin iter L atque eo niill- 
 tibus inipositis, id. B. G. 7, 58: abl. 
 (very rare) : cf. vetustissima nave im- 
 positi, id. in Suet. Caes. 66: absol. id. 
 B. C. 3, 6: Cic. l«v. 2, 40, 84: v. TO 
 EMBARK. 2. superpono, 3 (rare) with 
 dat. : an ornament p. on the head, 
 superpiisitum capiti decus (i. e. the 
 pilous), Liv. I, 34. Also pono, foil, bj 
 super (freq. in late Lat.): to p. a stone 
 on the mouth of the well, (lapidem) super 
 OS putei p., Vulg. Gen. xxix. 3 : top. one's 
 hand on {another's) eyes (t. e. to close 
 them at death), p. mauus super oculos, 
 ill. ib. 46, 4: to p. {a socrilice) cm the 
 wooil, p. super ligna, id. 3 Keg. xviii. 
 2 5 (imp. ib.) : hr p. the cron-n on him, 
 posuit super eum diadema, id. 4 Reg. 
 xi. 12: V. per rpON. 3. appono. j: 
 with dat., and ad, and absol. : p. the kettle 
 on the fire, app. cucumam foco, Petroo.
 
 PUT ON 
 
 PUT OUT 
 
 PTT OVER 
 
 5. IJ5 : to p. jeuels im Ihe couches, gem- 
 mas tons app., Ov Her. 9, 60 : esp. to 
 p. food on the table, to seme up (wirh 
 mensa rarely expressed, as Virg. Aen. 
 4, 602, patriisque epiilandum apponere 
 mensis : al. leg. ponere : cibos in mensam 
 alicui app., PI. Men. i. J. 29); he uas 
 the first ttuit p. a whole boar on his table 
 at 'dinner, solidum aprum primus In 
 epulis apposuii, I'lin. 8, 51, 78 : tu p. on 
 a dish, patellam app., Cic. Verr. 4, 22 : 
 top. anything on iri a service of pottery, 
 aliquid in va.sis fictilibus app.. Id. Att. 
 
 6, I, 10 : pass., dinner is p. <m the 
 table, apposita est coeiia, PI. I'rin. 2, 4, 
 69: absol., apposltum est ampliter, id. 
 Mil. J, I, 160. Phr. when th'- dessiTt 
 was p vn, apposita siecuiida mensa, Olc. 
 Att. 14, 6. 4. rCpono. j, wltli super 
 and abl. -. putting logs in plenty on the 
 fire, ligna super foco large reponens, 
 Hor. Od. I, 9, 6 (cf. gubjiciens ligna, 
 VuIr. Lev. vi. 12). 5. addo, dldl, 
 ditum, ): to p. water on a fire, Rammae 
 aquam add., Tib. 2, 4, 42. 6. induce, 
 i: to p. on different sorts of feathers 
 (in a picture), varias iiiducere plumas, 
 Hor. A. P. Z- cf. colorem picturae ind., 
 
 PUn. J 5, 10, }6 : V. TO LAY ON, TO SPREAD 
 
 OVER. 7. inRro, ttili, latum, } : with 
 dot. : cf. nianus alicui inf. {— lay hands 
 on), Cic. Cat. 5, i, 8 : absol., to p. on a 
 dish (= to serve up), lancem inf., Plin. 
 J J, II, 52: lie ordered the dessert to be 
 p. on, inferri secundam men.sam jussit, 
 id. 9, j;, 58. 8. subdo, }, to p. on 
 one thing (as an addition) to another: — 
 versus subd., Gell. 18, 4: v. to append; 
 TO SUBJOIN. II. Hence, to impose bur- 
 thens, esp. tribute and taxes: impono, j, 
 ■with dat. of the thing or person taxed: 
 to p. a tax on produce, vectigal fructlbus 
 imp., Cic. Font. 5,10:0 p<ilUtax tvas p. 
 on slaves and freemen, in capita singula 
 servorum ac liberorum tributum mi- 
 ponebatur,Caes. B.C. j, J2: cf. to impose, 
 TO LAT ON. Ill, top. on dress, etc., both 
 on another and on oneself : 1. indiio, 
 ai, utum, }, opp. to exuo: (1) Trans, 
 nsu. with ace. of thing, dat. of person : 
 when D. had p. the tunic on Hercules, 
 cui quum Oeianira tunicam induisset, 
 Cic. i'usc. 2, 8, 20 : seizing her, lie p.s on 
 htY the insig'na of Bacchus, raptaeque 
 insignia Bacchi liiduit, Ov. M. 6, 598: 
 sometimes wiih ace. of person and abl. 
 of thing: they p. his own raiment on 
 him, iiiduerunt eum vestinientis ejus, 
 Vnlg. Matt, xxvii. ji : Marc. xv. 18: 
 or, with thing understood, bring forth 
 the best robe, and p. it on him, cito pro- 
 ferte siolam primam, et induite ilium, 
 id. Luc. XV. 22. Note : Late writers 
 use in this sense do with in and abl. or 
 ace.: he p. his ring on his hand, dedit 
 eum (annulum) in manu ejus, Vulg. 
 Gen. xli. 42 : cf. id. Luc. xv. 22, date 
 annulum in manum ejus, et calceamenta 
 in pedes ejus: also circumdo, with ace. 
 of thing and dat. of person, or oec. cf 
 person and abl, of thing : they p. on him 
 a scarlet robe, chlamydem coccineam 
 circumdederunt ei, id. Matt, xxvii. 28 : 
 veste purpurea circumdederunt eum, 
 Job. six. 2 (cf. Marc. xv. 17, induunt 
 eum purpura). (2) Reflect. ( = ling, 
 intraiis.): wiih sibi: to p. on a chain, 
 sibi torquem Ind. Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 7? or 
 alone, as intrans. : to p. on a ring, annu- 
 lum ind.. id. Off. ?, 9, J8 : a helmet, 
 galeam ind., Virg. Aen. 9, ?66: esp. 
 pass, as reflect, with occ. of thing : to p. 
 on a garment, indul vestem, I'er. Piun. 
 4, 4, 40 : cf. Virg. Aon. 2, jqj, Androgel 
 galeam clipeique insigne decorum In- 
 duitur (the abl., ib. 5, 6';4, indutus golea, 
 refers to the state, wearing, not the act 
 of putting on) : for the gerundive, cf. 
 Caes. B. G. 2, 21, ut etiam nd galeas iud. 
 tempus defuerit (where Herzog Insists 
 on inducendas). 2. induco, } : with 
 ace. of person and abl. of thing : cf. 
 Stat. S. 8, 2, 67. humeros albentl amictu 
 ind. : pass, as reflect, with pers. a> sub- 
 ject : tunicaque iiiducitur artus, Virg. 
 Aen. 8. 457 : with thing as obj. and pers. 
 xadat., used in pass. : if his shoes were p. 
 on wrong, the left for the right, si mane 
 
 sibi calceus perpcram ac sinister pro 
 dextero induceretur, .Suet. Aug. 92. 3. 
 sumo, sumpsi, sumptum, 1 . c(. oilci-os 
 et vestlmenta suniere, esp. to assuiiie a 
 formal or official dress : to p. on the 
 toga pretexta, togam praetcxtatn 8., Liv. 
 8, 9: when lie had p. on the dress of 
 manhood, sumpta virill toga, Cic. Am. 
 I, I : the diadem, diadema b.. Suet. CaL 
 22: the royal lobes, regium ornatum, 
 Nep. Eum. sub /in. 4. accommOdo, 
 I (_tij Jit cm), with dat. or ad and ace., 
 and dat. of pers. : to p. a hood on one's 
 head, calauticam capiti ace, Cic. Frag. 
 Or. in Clod. ;: cf. id. de Or. 2, 61, 250, 
 coronam sibi ad caput ace. ; to p. a 
 shield on one's back, clipeum ad dorsum 
 ace, PI. Trin. j, 2, 91. 6. apt« J 
 (fit on to) : to p. a ring on the finger, 
 digito annulum apt.. Suet. Tib. 71 : he 
 p.s (arms) nn strong shoulders, humerls 
 (haec) foriibus aptat, Virg. Aen. 9, 364. 
 6. lixpr. by particular verbs re- 
 ferring to the parts of dress: e. g. whiU 
 he p. on his shoes and cloak, dum cal- 
 ceabat ipse sese et amiciebal. Suet. Vesp. 
 21 : for amicio, ui, ixi, ictum, 4, cf. to 
 
 CLOTHE, TO WEAR, TO W RAP ABOUT. To 
 
 p. on one's hat, caput operire, PI. Poen. 
 }, 4, 54: V. TO COVER : (the kings) having 
 p. on their robes, vestiti cultu regio, 
 Vulg. } Reg. xxii. 10: v. to clothe. 
 IV. Hence, to assunu, inv^t oneseU" 
 with, any character or quality: 1. 
 indiio, j : (in sleep) you daily p. on the 
 likeness of death, earn rtmaglnem mortis) 
 quotidie induis, Cic. Tusc. I, }8, 92: a 
 man p.s off the character of the friend, 
 when he p.s on that of the judge, ponit 
 personam amicl, cum itiduit Judicis, id. 
 Off. }, 10, 4! : to p. on the pretence of 
 anything, alicujus simulaimii ni ind., 
 Liv. 1, 56: of moral qualities: p. on the 
 new man, induite novum homlnem, 
 Vulg. Eph. iv. 24: cf. Col. ill. 10. 2. 
 slimo and assvimo, j : v. adopt, assume. 
 put out: I. Lit: 1. exsgro, 
 
 ui, tum, } : putting out his tongue in 
 mockery, Gallus linguam ab irrisu ex- 
 serens, Liv. 7, 10 : cf linguam per os, 
 Plin. 9, 24 : conslr. with ace. and abl., 
 to p. out his arms and fierce face from, 
 the vxLves, aquls cum torvo brachia 
 vultu exs., Ov. M. 2, 271 : also with 
 ab: to p. out his head from the ocean, 
 caput ab oceano exs., Lucan 5, 598. 
 
 2. ejicio, jeci, jectum, j : to p. out 
 the tongue, linguam ej., Cic. de Or. 2, 
 
 66, 266 : cf TO THRUST OUT, Tt) PUT 
 FORTH, TO STRETCH OUT. 3. profgrO, 
 
 tuli, latum, } : to p. out the tongue in 
 i coughing, linguam in tussiendo prof., PI. 
 As.' 4, 1, 50 : the finger, digitum, Cic. 
 Caecin. 25 ; the hand, manum, PI. Pseud. 
 J, 2, 72 : cf Vulg. Gen. xxxviii. 28 : to p. 
 out strength, v. to exert. ||, Hence 
 to p. out (of its place) a joint : ejicio, 
 extorqueo, luxo : V. to DISLOCATE. |||, 
 Esp. to tum out (of a house, room, etc.) ; 
 1. ejicio : with abl. alone, or with a, 
 ex, or de (the latter in the sense of re- 
 moval fmm rank, etc.) : cf. to turn out : 
 top. out of doors, aedibus foras ej., PI. As. 
 I, 2, I ; out of the house, dome ej., id. ib. 
 I, ?, 9. Absol., when he had p. them all 
 out, ejectis omnibus, Vulg. Marc. v. 40 
 (cf Joh. ix. J4) : to p. out of the senate, 
 e. senatu, Cic. de Sen. 12, ad fin.: de 
 senatu, Liv.40, 51. 2. expello, j : v. to 
 DRIVE out, to EXPEL. Joiii: expulsus 
 atque ejcctus e praedio, Cic. Quinct. 7, 
 28, the simple v. pello with f medio, 
 Enn. in Cic. Mur. 14; Cic. Off. i, 8. 
 
 3. exirudo, si, sum, i : with aedi- 
 bus. ex ae<tibus, foras : v. to turn out, 
 to drive out. 4. protrudo, j : to be p. 
 out of doors, protrudi p<-natil)us, Amm. 
 29> I. 5. 1" the specific sense of put- 
 ting out of an office post of government, 
 etc. : niSvgo. m5vi, motum, 2, and conips., 
 ani6vSo, demOvgo, rfimovgo, submOveo ; 
 also. aWlgo, 2, abrOgo, I, and expello, j: 
 V. to degrade, to of.pose. to remove, 
 to supersede. (N.B. — The Vulgate has 
 for to put out of the synagogue, absque 
 synagogis facere, Joh. xvl. 2; and p;iss. 
 extra synagogam fieri, Joh. ix. 22.) |V. 
 Id a stronger sense, equlv. to to destroy : 
 
 1. ezstinguo, nxi, nclum, j (it 
 bad), to quench: to p. out a Jire, Ignroi 
 exst., Ov. F. 2, 712: incendiiim exst.. 
 Cic. Fam. 4, i ; : to p. out Utrchrs, lace* 
 exst., Plin. 2, 10?, 106. (Phr. : tliefirt 
 on the altar shall not be p. out. Ignis io 
 altari semper ardebit, Vulg. Lev. vi. 12): 
 to p. out a light, lumen exst., cf I^ucr. 
 
 6, 792. uocturnumque reieiis exstinctum 
 lumen: Fig.: of eminent penoru. cf 
 Cic. Fam. 4, }, meU., quasi lumen ali- 
 quid, exstinctis ceteris, elucere sancti- 
 fcitem tuam : of a state, cf. Vulg. Eiech. 
 xxxii. 7 and 8 : to p. out the name of 
 Rome, Pi. Ki. nomen exstinguere, Ctc. 
 
 Cat. 4, 4, 7 cf TO QUENCH. TO EXTIN- 
 GUISH. Hence subs, exiinctus, fig, m. 
 (the putting out) : cf odor a lucem.irum 
 exstinctu, I'lin. 7, 7, 5. 2. re^tlMguo, 
 } ■ to p. out a fire, incendium rest., Cic 
 Mur. 25, fm. : flanimuni, Hor. S. i, 5, 
 76: (fig. for the fire of love, l.ucr. ^ 
 Io8}) : (that) streams of blood p. out 
 the rising flames, (ut) rivi sanguinis 
 flammam orientem restingiiereni, Liv. 
 28, }}: with abl. of mean-: tti^y p. 
 out the fire with "oter, igneni ret>iin- 
 guunt aqua, PI. Cas. 4, 1, 16. Fig.: 
 cf Cic. Rep. I, I, orlens Incendium belli 
 sanguine bug rest. : id. Or. 8, 27, anl- 
 morum incendia rest. v. to vuknch : 
 3. eff6dio, fodi, fossum, j (to tear 
 or scratch out) : to p. out the eyes (with 
 dat. of person) : cf. Plaut. Aul. i, 1, 14, 
 Oculos ego istos effodiam libi : id. Mil. 
 2. i, 44. Juben'tibI oculos effodiri, qul- 
 bus id quod nubquam est vide* (do you 
 want your eyes p. out, as, etc. f) : Ter. 
 Eun. 4, 6, 2, oculi llli llico effodientur: 
 he sends them home with their earl 
 cropt or one eye p. out, aunbus desectis 
 aut singulis effussis oculis domum re- 
 miltit, Caes. B. G. 7, 4. fin.: poet, (of 
 Polyphemus), cf Virg. G. j, 66}, Lumi- 
 nis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem. 
 Fig. : cf. Cic. N. D. }, i», 91, hi duo illos 
 oculos orae maritimae effiiderunt : Veil. 
 2, 52, efibssum alterum Homani imperii 
 lumen. 4. eruo, ui, titum, j, in same 
 sense: oculum er., I'lin. 25, 8, 50: ocu- 
 los er., Vulg. Num. xvi. 14 : id. Judic. 
 xvi. 21. 5. exciitlo, cussi, cnssum, 
 
 } : cf oculo excusso, Snet. Caes. 68 : (ol 
 fire), poet., ignem de crinibus excutere, 
 Ov.M. 12, 281. 6. deieo, evi, etnm, 2 : 
 to blot out, esp. with nomen : cf Vulg. 
 Dent. XXV. 6: thou hast p. out theit 
 name for ever, nomen eorum delesti ir 
 aetemum, id. Ps. ix. 5 : cf Liv. 9, 45 
 nomen Aequorum prope ad interned- 
 onem deletum : to p. out of one's mind 
 (or head), ex animo del. : cf Ter. Eim. 
 2, J, 5, deleo omnes dehinc ex animo 
 mulieres. 7. tollo, with de medio, top 
 out of the way (as euphem. for a mur< 
 der) ; they show how easily such a man 
 etc., could be p. out of the icay, demon- 
 strant . . . perfacile hunc homlnem 
 Incautnm et nistlcum et Romae igna 
 tum, de medio tolli posse, Cic. R. A 
 
 7, 20. V. ^"^ P- ""' (f one's way ot 
 course : confundo, j : perturbo, 1 : v 
 
 to confuse, to disturb, to INTERRUPT 
 
 y\. To make public: 1, cdo, j ; 2. 
 promo, }: v. to publish. 3. Cdico. 
 J : V. TO PROCLAIM. 4. expono. j : v 
 to expose, to lay out. VII. fo p.out 
 mmiey at interest: pecunlas alicui fenore 
 dare; fenori occupare; in feiiore ponere: 
 V. interest : or pono alone, Hor. Epod. 
 2, 70: apud aliquem ponere, Cic Verr. 
 i<1°- VIII. Intr. verb of motion : to 
 p. out of port, solvere navem e p>>rta, 
 PI. Bacch. 2, }, 54; porta >«lv.. Cic 
 Mur. 2, 4 : naves ex poriu oducere, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 57; classcm porlu ed., Plin. 2, 
 '2. 9 } 5; : « portu proficlscl. Ca-^s. B. G. 
 J, 14. ex portu proilire, id. B. C. J, 7 
 (and exire) poet, portum linquere. Virg. 
 Aen. J, 289 : cf to put to sea. 
 put over: I. '-H-: '" position: 
 1. siiperinipono. } : the great stont 
 forming the coifring (of the vault) uat 
 p. oi^er its mouth, saxum ingens, quo 
 operitur, marliina snperimpositum est, 
 l.iv. jq. ;o: als<i impono: Cf. Aetnam 
 impositam (p. ot^er tiiem), Hor. (M i, 
 4, 76. 2. supcrpono. j : he p. the 
 607
 
 PUT TO 
 
 PUT UNDER 
 
 PUT UP 
 
 marble statue of Fompey over the arch- 
 roay of Janus, P. statuam marmoream 
 Jano superpiisuit, Suet. Aug. Ji, fin. 
 3. appono, J (to p. against so as to 
 cover') : p.ing his cloak over the icound, 
 paenula ad vulnus apposita, Suet. Ner. 
 49: cf. Ov. Trist. J, 1. 39, Cur tamen 
 apposita velatur janua lauro.' ||. To 
 p. (an army, etc.) oier a river, etc. .- trii- 
 Jicio, J ; transmitto, j : v. to cro.ss. To 
 p. a bridge over a river, pontem in flu- 
 mine t'acere, Caes. B. G. I, ij; injicere 
 pontem. Liv. 26, 6; Tac. A. i;, 19; flu- 
 men ponte jungere, Liv. 21, 4;; impo- 
 nere pontem flumtni, Curt. 5, i ; ponte 
 fluraen transmittere, Plin. Ep. 8, 8; 
 ponte flumen trajicere, Flor. 4, 12; p.ing 
 bridges over the marsh, pontibus palude 
 constrata, Htrt. B. G. 8, 14. |||. To 
 p. over persons or affairs, in the way of 
 authority or commission : 1, addo, j : 
 cf. PI. Aul. 3, 6, 10, Argus, quem loni 
 Juno custodem addidit. 2. impono, 
 J : cf. Cic. Att. 1,18, consul est inipo- 
 situs nobis, etc. 3. appono, } : the 
 tribune p. over him as a guard, tribuno 
 custodiae apposito, Tac. A. i, 6 : cf. 
 Suet. Aug. 48, rectorem app. 4. 
 
 pono, J : V. TO PCT, No. 3. 5. prae- 
 ficio, } : V. 10 APPOINT : to set over. 
 put to: |. Lit. : «o apply to: 
 
 1. appono, J, with ad : p.ing one's 
 ear to the ice, apposita aure ad glaciem, 
 Plin. 8, 28, 42 : to p. the hands to the 
 face, manus ad os app., Cic. : with dat., 
 to p. a torch to the doors {to set foe to), 
 candelam valvis app., .Juv. 9, 98: in 
 this sense also subdo, sulyicio, suppono: 
 V. TO SET (FIRE TO) : and infero, cf. 
 Cic, Cat. !, 9, 22. 2. applico, 1 : v. 
 TO PUT, No. 9. 3. apto. I : top. arrows 
 to the boio-strings, nervo sagittas apt., 
 Virg. Aen. 10, iji. 4, impono, j {to 
 p. the male to the female) ■■ asinum eqiiae 
 imp.. Col. J(), 4. — t'hr. : to p. the hand 
 to anything: (1.) v. to touch: tango, 
 cf. Vulg. I Paralip. xiii. 10. (2.) v. to 
 REACH OUT: maiium porrigo, e.xtendo. 
 Fig.: to steal, man. e.\t. ad, Vulg. I'^x. 
 xxii. II. (3.) V. TO sweak: manum 
 Jungere, Vulg. id. ib. xxiii. i. (4.) top. 
 their necks to the uork, supponere coUa 
 sua in opere, id. 2 Esdr. iii. ;. (5.) to 
 p. one's name to. subsciTbo, etc. : v. sign, 
 SDBscKrEi:. II. The eonip. to put to 
 (= to add) opp. to to take from: addo, 
 j; appono, 5 ; v. to add; to put down; 
 TO RECKON'. III. To put to {horscs, 
 etc.) : Jungo, nxi, nctum, j, and comps. : 
 cf. equos j., Virg. (1.3,1:4: equos curru 
 j., id. Aen. "j. 724 : reges ad cuiTum j., 
 Plin. }}, J, 15. Comps. (1.) adjuiigo: 
 cf. taiiros aiatro adj., Tib. i, 10, 7. (2.) 
 subjungo: cf. curru subj. tigres, Virg. E. 
 5, 29; juvencos plostro subj., Col. f), 2, 
 8; carpento suos equos subj., Plin. 11, 
 49, 109 V. TO harness; to yoke. IV. 
 To drive or urge to any course (as 
 " Tbanic him who puts me lothe to this 
 revenge," Milton : " the avarice of their 
 relations put them to painting," Dryden) 
 1, impello, }, with in, ad, or ut and 
 subj.. etc. : v. TO IMPEL ; to force ; to 
 iRGE. 2. addiico, j : to be p. to the 
 greatest straits, in summas angustias 
 add., Cic. Quint. ; : in discrimen ex- 
 tremum add., id. Phil. 6, 7 : ad ultiraura 
 discrimen aild., Liv. 45, i: p. to (or vp 
 (o) a crime, ad tantum facinus add., 
 Cic. R. A. ;i : V. to biung to, into. 
 V. To bring into any state : aff icio, 
 5, with abl. gen. term : to p. to dr.ath 
 { = execute), supplicio aff., Cae.s. B. G. i, 
 27 : to p. to inrvnvenience, incomniodo 
 aff., id. ib. 7, 16: top. to grief or pain, 
 dolore afF., Lucr. 5, 495 : to p. to the tor- 
 ture, cruciatu aff., Cic. Verr. 2, i, 4. 
 Various Phrr. : (1.) to p. to death, to 
 the swo)d: V. TO kill; to slat; to 
 MASSACRE ; to execute ; to punlsh : 
 esp. in the last sense, animadverto in : 
 of. Suet Cal. jo, nou temere in quen- 
 quam, nisi crebris et minutis ictibus, 
 animadvertl passus est {any one to be p. 
 to death) : to p. to the sivord. trucidare, 
 ferro true, trucidando occidere : v. to 
 slaughtf.r: caedo, cgcidi, caesum, 3: 
 Caes. : ° cf. Lucerini ad intemecionem 
 608 
 
 caesi sunt, Liv. 9, 26: "p. to the sn-ord 
 or to the halter" (Clarendon), *ferro aut 
 laqueo necati: top. tn the cudgel (Hudi- 
 bras), fuste (or-ibus) caedfre. muiciiire, 
 tundere, verberare : v. cudgel. (2.) to 
 p. to flight : fligo, I ; impello, } : v. 
 FLIGHT, to Ptrr TO. 'I"he Vnlg. has per- 
 spqui hostes, allenos. Lev. xxvi. 7 : Fleut. 
 xxxii. JO. (3.) to p. to rights : ordino. i : 
 expedio, 4: v. to put in (order"). (4.) to 
 p. tn shame : confundo, Vulg. Ps. xliii. 8 
 (xli v. 7) : V. TO SHAME : to be p. to shame : 
 pudet : V. ASHAMED, TO BE. The Vulg. 
 has confundor and revereor : .Join: con- 
 fundantur et revereantur simul {let them 
 be, etc.), Ps. xxxix. i; (xl. 14) : also de- 
 hOnesto, i, Prov. xxv. 8: insulto, i, 
 ib. X. (5.) to be p. to silence : conticesco, 
 ticui. J ; cf conscientia convictus repente 
 conticuit, Cic. Cat. 3, 5 : also mutum 
 fieri, let the lying lips be p. to silence, 
 muta fiant labia dolosa, Vulg. Ps. xxx. 
 19 (xxxi. 18): and mutus alone: he 
 wasp, to silence, mutus illico, Ter. Eun. 
 J, I, 27: cf. TO silence; silent. (6.) 
 to p. to work: adhibgo, ui, 2 : with ace. 
 of person ; dat. of thing, Cic. (7.) to p. 
 one's hand to (a work) : aggredior, essus, 
 3, dep. : with ace., to some great work, 
 magnum quid aggr., Cic. Att. 2, 14 : 
 with ad, cf. aggreditur ad pacis opus, 
 Liv. I, 42: and Sdorior, ortus, 4, dep.: 
 cf. hoc ipsum continuo adoriamur, Cic. : 
 
 V. to BEGIN ; TO UNDERTAKE. (8.) top. 
 
 (it) to a person, as a question, appeal, 
 i-tc. : pono : v. supr., to hut. No. 3. 
 (9.) to p. to {to press hard), as, " We'll 
 p. the matter to the present push " 
 (Shak-sp.), insto, etc. : to be p. to it, in 
 periculo, disrrimine esse, agi, periclitari, 
 etc.: V. push. (10.) to p. to land: 1. 
 appello, } : 2. applico, l : v. to BRING 
 TO LAND : cf. to PUT IN TO PORT. 
 
 put to sea : 1. solvo, j : with ace. 
 of navis or classis (prop, to cast off moor- 
 ings, to weigh anchor, to loose from) : 
 subj. of the person {Ca/'Sar) p. to sea a 
 little past midnight, ipse paulo post me- 
 dian! noctem naves solvit, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 !6(cf. t"6. 2?): with a and aftLof the land; 
 cf naves conscenderunt et a teiTa sol- 
 verunt, id. B. C. }, loi : abl. of the place ; 
 mercatoras Alexandria solvisse, Cic. Off. 
 3, 12, 50: also subj. of the ships; cf. 
 n.aves xviii. ex superiore portu leni 
 vento solverunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 28 : pass, 
 with navis as subj. ; interea e portu 
 nostra navis solvitur, PI. Bac. 2, j, 54. 
 2, ediico, 3, navem, etc. : cf. to put 
 off; to put out (of port); to weigh. 
 Pi'et. solvere vela, Pi'op. i, 17, 26. 
 Ph r., poet. : in altum vela da bant, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 34: Vulg. has the simple verb: 
 due in altum {p. out into deep watn-), 
 Luc. V. 4: Vulg. also has navigo. Act. 
 xiii. 1 }, xxi. I : and tollo. Act. xxvii. 4, 
 21 : cf. to launch; to loose; to sail; 
 to weigh (anchor). 
 
 together : coiiTgo, 3 ■■ condo, 3 -. 
 
 confero. ; : compono, 3 : v. to collect ; 
 TO GATHER: to p. together broken bones, 
 condere ossa, Cels. 8. 2j : v. to set; to 
 p. togfther the rules of medicine, prae- 
 cepla medendi cond., Plin. 26, 2, 6: v. 
 to compile ; TO compose. 
 under : I. !-■ i t. : 1. subdo, 
 
 didi, diiuni, 3 to p. props under the 
 vines, furcas vitibus subd., Plin. 14, 2, 4, 
 { 32 : to p. a dagger under one's pillow, 
 pugionem pulviiio subd.. Suet. 0th. 11 : 
 to p. a thing under the eyes, rem ocu- 
 lonim visu suM., Lucr. 5, 102. 2. 
 subjlcio, jeci, jectum, i, with dat., or 
 sub with ace. : to p. eggs under hens, 
 ova gallinis subj., I'lin. 18, 26, 62 : to p. 
 things under the C'les, res sub oculos 
 subj.. Quint. 8, 6, 19; oculis, Cic. Or. 40, 
 i!9; cf. Hor. A. P. 181, quae sunt oculis 
 snhjecta fidelibus. 3. suppono, 3, with 
 dat. : we often p. ducks' eggs under 
 hens, anatum ova gallinis saepe sup- 
 ponimus, Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 124: top. the 
 neck tinder a burthen, colla oneri supp., 
 Ov. H. Am. 171 : to p. bulls under the 
 yoke, tauros jugo supp., id. -M. 7, 118: 
 to p. the olive under the press, olivam 
 prelo supp., Col. 12, 49, 9: to p. {a 
 pilloiv') under the head, (pulvinum) 
 
 capitisupp., Vulg. Gen. xxviii. 11 and 18: 
 to p. fire under {wood), igiiem supp., id. 
 3 Reg. xviii. 23. (Note: these coinpds. 
 are all used in this sense, v. to set fikb 
 TO.) The Vulg. also uses pono with sub 
 and abl. (unclassical) : to p. a lamp tinder 
 a bushel, candelam sub modio p., Matt. 
 V. 1;. 4. submitto, j : to p. a trellis 
 under the vines, canterium vitibus 
 subm.. Col. 4, 14, 1 : (lor breeding) vac- 
 cas tauris s. Pall. .Jul. 4: equas alternis 
 annis, id. Mart, i;, 6. 5, subsiemo, 
 striivi, stratum, 3 : to p. straw undei 
 the sheep, segetem ovibus subst.. Cat. 
 
 R. R. 37, 2 : v. TO lay under, TO 
 
 spread under. 6- substitiio, 3 (very 
 rare in lit. sense) : to p. stones under 
 a plant, lapides plantae subst.. Pall. 
 Mart. 10, 22. II. To make sub- 
 
 .ject to : 1. subjlcio, j, with dat. : 
 
 mfn p. themselves under the rule and 
 poicer of another, subjiciunt se homines 
 imperio alierius et potestati. Cic. Off. 2, 
 6, 22 : cf. Vulg. I Cor. xv. 27 ; all things 
 are p. under him, etc., omnia subjecta 
 sunt ei, sine dubio praeter eum qui sub- 
 jecit ei omnia : (cf. subjecit sub pedibus 
 ejus, ib. 26, fr. Ps. viii. 8 (6) : and, donee 
 ponet omnes inimicos sub pedibus ejus, 
 ib. 25). 2. suppono, 3: I have p. my- 
 self under you, me tibi supposui, Pers. 
 5, j6: cf. TO subject; to reduce,; to 
 BRING UNDER. |||. To arrange or 
 
 classify under heads : subjicio, 3, with 
 dat. or sub and ace. (esp. in pass.) : 
 species p. under thHr genus, species 
 quae sunt generi subjecta, Ijuint. ?, 6, 
 57 : under the head of fear are p. etc., 
 sub metum subjecta sunt pigritia, pudor, 
 terror, Cic. fuse. 4, 7, 16. 
 
 put unto : V. TO PUT to. 
 
 up : |. I^ i t. : 1. statuo, etc. : 
 
 2. erigo, 3 : v. TO set up; to erect. 
 
 3, arrigo, exi, ectuni, 3: top. up tli« 
 ears, aures arr., PI. Rud. 5, 2, 6 : v. to 
 PRICK UP : the lion ps up its mane, leo 
 comas arrexit, Virg. Aen. 10, 726. ||. 
 in gen. sense of to rouse, to stir up, q. v. 
 (i.) a person (to anger, etc.): also obj.of 
 thing; excio, 4: exclto, i. (ii.) game, 
 in hunting; excIo, excito, exagiio, 1; 
 excutio, 3; feram cubili, latibulis, etc : 
 cf. feras excitare, Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68: cer- 
 vum nemorosis latibulis exc, Phaedr. 2, 
 8, I : feras cubilibus extutere, Plin. Pan. 
 81 : V. TO START. (Iii.) top. up a person 
 to (a secret, a trick, etc.) : indico, i : d0c6o, 
 2 : V. TO hint. |||. 750 offer or expose 
 to the public viei" : propono, i : cf Cic. 
 Mur. II, singulis dicbuswliscendos fastos 
 populo proposuit (like a placard) : esp. to 
 p. up a thing for sale, aliquid venale 
 prop., Cic. Verr. 2, 2 J2 : Suet. Ner. t6: 
 or prop, alone : cf. Prop. 3, 2?, 23 : i puer, 
 et citus haec aliqua propone columna. 
 
 IV. Hence, of a person, top. up. and 
 p. up for {as a candidate) ; ambio. 4 . 
 peto and expeto, 3 : exposco, 3 : r6go, i ; 
 oro, I : with munus, magistratuni, etc., 
 or absol. : v. to canvass : to p. up to (a 
 lady as a suitor), peto : v. to court, 
 TO woo. V. Top. back, or p. away, 
 anything into its place : 1. repono, 
 V. TO replace. 2. rScondo, 3 : to 
 
 p. up a svord into its sheath, cf. gla- 
 dium cruentatum in vaginam recon- 
 didit, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: also gladium 
 C(.)nd., Quint. 8, praef. 5 '5 ■ ensem 
 cond., Hor. : Vulg. has converto, 3 : p. 
 up thy sioord into his place, converte 
 gladium tuum in locum suum. Matt. 
 
 xxvi. 52 : V. TO RETURN. VI. TO 
 
 put up with (an affront, etc.) : 1, 
 fero, tiili, latum. 3 : alone with ace. : 
 I would not have p. up with this in my 
 hot youth, non ego hoc ferrem calldus 
 juventa Consule Planco, Hor. Od. 3, 14, 
 27; uho can p. up with this insult f 
 quis banc contumellam ferre potest? 
 Cato in Gell. 10, 3 ; with de and abl. : 
 it is not yit known here how Caesar 
 will p. up with the limitation of his 
 command, (epist. past) nondum enim 
 satis hue erat allatum quomodo Caesar 
 ferret de auctoritate perscripta, Cic. Att. 
 5, 2: top. up I'ith anything in silence, 
 taciturn {ace of the thing) ferre, Cic. Atk 
 2, 3 : Liv. J, 45 ; from a person, ab ■ ct
 
 PUT U PO If 
 
 PUT UPON 
 
 PUTTY 
 
 Id. I, 50, ne id quiikiu ab Turuo tulisse 
 taciturn: witU aequo anlmo, etc . (that) 
 he hadp. up with this blow to his hmwur 
 far the sake of his country, tameii banc 
 Jacturam bonoris sui reipiiblicae causa 
 aequo aniino lulissp, Caes. B. C. I, 9 • he 
 adoises them the rather to p. up uith the 
 loss, since, etc., diirimentuiu atMiuiore 
 animu fercndum docet, quod, id. B. G. 
 
 5, 52 ■ cf. boc luoderatiore aninio ferre, 
 Cic. Fam. 6. i . to p. up with a disap- 
 pointnwnt like a man, cf. sin aliter 
 acciderit, buniuriiter feremus, Cic. Alt. 
 
 1, 2 : tutt to {or hardly to) p. up uith, 
 fero, with aegre, etc.: (thai) hejound it 
 hard to p. up with his (.UJ'eat (as a candi- 
 date), aegre lulisse repulsam coiisulatus, 
 CicTubC. 4, 17, 40 J shoidd hardly have 
 p. up witit it, aiiimo iniqiio tulissem, id. 
 AtU 15, 26: gr.ivitor (hoc) ferre, id. Clu. 
 
 6, 16. Join- Kravitfi- et acerbe aliquld 
 r, id. Verr. i, 58, 152. Comp. perfero: 
 to p. up with affroitts and iiisalts, in- 
 dignitates contunieliasque p., Caes. B. C. 
 
 2, 28. 2. accipii) and rCcipio, j, wiih 
 aequo animo, and alone , to p. up tnth 
 a wrong, injuriara ace., Cic. Off. 1, 11 : 
 with ad se : cf. IVr. Kuii. 4. 7, i, ut con- 
 tumeliam tain insignein ad ine acci- 
 piau ! not to p. up with, graviter accip. 
 aliquld, Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 211. 3. 
 facile piitior, passu.s, j, drp. : J can p. 
 up witli a nrony, but not joined with 
 an insult, patior facile injuriara, si est 
 vacua a contumelia, Pac. in Non. 4J3, 
 16. 4. devoro, i (to suallvu; gulp 
 down, as an unpleasant dose): to p. up 
 with trouble for i slurrt time, molestiam 
 paucorum diernni dev., Cic. Phil. 6, 6, 
 17 : to^. up with the folly and stupidity 
 of nun, boniinuiu ineptias ac siullilias 
 der, id. Brut. 67, 2 56. P h r. : (if i/ou do 
 so and su) I will ni>t put up tvith it, non 
 feres taciturn, Cic. Alt. 2, }: Liv. : so, 
 with auferre, PI. As. 4, 2, 7. Not« : 
 with a personal obji'ct : morem gero : 
 
 t?.rO ; V. TO BEAK WITH. VII. '''" ''C- 
 
 main. stay, lodye, at a place, or with a 
 person : 1. deverto, ti, sum, }, to turn 
 aside from the road. (1) Act. as neut. 
 (sc. obj. se, equum, currum, etc.): with 
 ad of the person : (of two travellers) 
 the one p. up at aii iun (lit. with an 
 innkeeper), tlie other with a friend, 
 alterum ad c;iupoiieni devertisse, alterum 
 ad hospitem,Cic.I)iv i, 27,57: in of the 
 place, la villam suani, id. Off'. 2, 18. fin. : 
 but ad villara suam. id. Mil. 19, ;i : 
 with in and ad : devertitClodiusad se in 
 .\lbanum (at his Alban villa : but lect. 
 (hib.), id. ib. : piop. n. without prep.: 
 .Massiliam, id. Phil, i ? , 6 : Khodum,.Suet. 
 lib. 12 • and so with doniuru, Cic. 
 Deiot 6, 17. (2) Pass, as reflect, with abl. 
 of the place ; si qui Cobianiacho (vico) 
 deverterentur, Cic. Font. 5 ; with in and 
 ace, to p. up at a friends house (ur lodg- 
 ings), in araici bospitinm ilev., Pi. Jlil. 
 }, I, 146; with adv.; hue in tabernam 
 dev., id. Pseud. 2, 2, 6; with intro ; to 
 p. lip indoors, intro domura iliv., id. 
 Stich. 4, I, 29 with a<i of person and in 
 of place ; recommend him to p. tip uith 
 me in excellent lodgings (or, in my, etc.), 
 horlamini ut devortatur ad nie in hos- 
 pitiuni optunmni, id. i'cien. j, 4, 60 : 
 with apud ot the person ;ind adv. and 
 In of placi'; he //.« uji close by here with 
 his faVicr's friend, et is in pro.ximo hie 
 devortilur, apud suum patemum hos- 
 pltem, id. Mil. 2, i, 56 2. Freq. d5- 
 versor, i, dep.: with apvid of the person, 
 Cic. Att. 6, 1 : in anil abl. of place, in do- 
 mo, Cic. Verr. 2. 2, 27, 69 : abl. (1. e. dat.) 
 of4)rop. n. ; cf quurn Athenis apud eum 
 deversiircr, id. I'usc. 5, 8, 22. Suhst. : 
 aplace to p. up at, deversoriuni, n. .• v. 
 INN. (Note d'verto is sometimes fciund, 
 by confusion, for deverto, and diverso- 
 rinm for deversorium but diverto Is 
 said to he properly useti for different per- 
 sons putting up separately: v. (ioerenz 
 ad Cic. Fin. 5, 2. 5, p. ;?4 ) VIII. to 
 VOMIT opp. to to p. down = to purge : 
 both used by Bacon. 
 
 put upon (often = put on, q. v. 
 bnt oftener there is a clear shade of dif- 
 ference) I. L i t. 1, impono, j . 
 
 with dat. : striving to p. I'elion upon 
 (dymput, tendentes Pelion Imposuisse 
 Olynipo, Hor. Od. j, 4, 52 : cf. ib. 76, 
 impusilam Aetnam . (fig.) the burthens 
 that are p. upon ut, quaequumque Im- 
 posta nobis pondera sunt, Lucr. 5, 544: 
 with super ol secondary obj. : cf. pedem 
 super cerviceni jacenti imposult. Curt. 
 
 9, •), fin. : super with aicc. only (late): 
 cf. inipone manuni tuam sup<-r earn et 
 vivet, Vulg. Matt. ix. 18: absol. with 
 adv. of position : cf. niolenique et niont«s 
 insuper alios imposuit, Virg. Aen. i, 62. 
 
 2. siqjerimpono, } : with otc : cf. 
 (of a pupil in w riling) neque egebit ad- 
 Jutorlo manum suam manu superimpo- 
 slta regenlis. Quint. 1, i, 27 : absol., 
 cum autem earn tabulani sic aptaveris, 
 gravia [Kindera superimponlto. Col. 12, 
 54. 3. superpono, ? (cf. to i-dt ovkk): 
 with dat., tf. superposuit Elisba manus 
 suas nianibus regis, Vulg. 4 Reg. xiii. 
 16 : ibe Vulg. has also pono with super 
 and ace. : cf. pone dexteram tuam super 
 caput ejus. Gen. xlviii. 18 : ponetis eas 
 (dress and jends) super Alios et filias 
 vestras, id. Kx. iii. 22 : plectentes coro- 
 nam de spinis, jKisuerunt super caput 
 ejus, id. Matt, xxvil. ji (Imp. ei in Marc. 
 XV. 17; imp. capiti ejus, .Job. xix. 2): 
 pinunt candelam sui>er candelabrum, 
 id. Matt. V. 15. 4, appouo, i: cf. 
 gennii;is toris app., Ov. Her. 9, 60. 5, 
 sr.perjacio, j: se rogo, Val. Max. I, 8, 
 
 10. 6. addo, J: with dat.: frena 
 feris, Virg. Aen. 5, 818 with in and 
 ace. ; ne cui album in vestimentum ad- 
 dere petitionis licerel causa (top. white 
 upon his dress), Liv. 4, 25. 7. subdo, 
 }, with subj. of that upon which it is put : 
 cf. aiinae quae effervescunt subdilis i^gni- 
 bus (whenp. upon the fire, Vn.,thefire p. 
 under), Cic. N. D. 2, lo, 27. 8. infjro, 
 J : to /). upon a horse, in equum inf., 
 Caes. B. G. 6, jo. ||. Esp. of dress: 
 to p. upon am>ther : \, induo, j : she 
 p. Ksait's raiment upon Jacob, vestibus 
 Esau induil eum, Vulg. Gen. .\xvii. 1;. 
 
 2, impono, } : cf. put ox. |||, 
 Hence fig. to invest a person with any 
 character, etc. : gen. term, afficio, 3, 
 with occ. and abl. : to p. honour U)>on a 
 person or thing, honore aff. aliqueiu or 
 rem, Cic. N. I), i, 15. 58 : to^. no honour 
 upon, nullis honoribus aff., Cic. Mil. 29, 
 80: other phrr.: hononm deferre in ali- 
 quem, id. Brut. 81, 281 : alirjuem prae- 
 cipuo honore habere. Caes. B. G. 5, 54: 
 alicui honorem reddere, Cic. R. A. 47, 
 136: (say) trhat honour shall lie p. upim 
 Xeaera, quonam donetur honore .\'., lib. 
 i, I, 5 : to have honour p. upon one, 
 honorem accipere, Cic. Att. 9. 2, A cf. 
 amplissimis honoribus decoi ari, id. de Or. 
 I, 54, 2JJ. Join: sratia, dignilate, ho- 
 nore auctus, Caes. B. G. 1, 4}. Contr., 
 to p. difhimnur or disgrace tipon . dcdC- 
 coio, I : d5hone.sto, I : v. to uisgkace ; 
 to DisHOXOtiB : hep. .w much the greater 
 dishonour upon you than upon nie. tamo 
 ille Mibis qiiam mihl pelonni hoiMroni 
 habnit, g. M.telL in Gell. 12, 9- to p. 
 an insult or affront upon another, con- 
 tumeliam alteri facere, PI. Asin. 2, 4. 
 82 ; ei, Ter. Ph. 5, 7 (8). 19 : c. jacere in 
 aliquem, Cic. Sull. 7, fin. : alicui c Im- 
 ponere, .Sail. 0. 48, fiii. : on which you 
 liatv. p. the greatest outrages and insults, 
 quihus lu injurias phirinias contume- 
 liitsqui- Imposuisti, Cic. Verr. 4, 9 20 • to 
 have an insult p. upon one, com umeliam 
 accipere. Caes. B. G. 7, 10 : c. in se ace., 
 Ter. EuiL 4, 7, i. To p. a value upon, 
 aestimo, i . a high value, magni and 
 magno aest: v. to value; to esteem. 
 Top. a slight i(pon,nihllo,or minorls aest., 
 nihili facere or pond c re : v. to slight; 
 TO JIAKE LIGHT OK : ti> p. contempt tipon : 
 V. CONTEMPT, TO DESPISE. Of a Special 
 endowment or favour; / have p. my 
 Spirit upon him, dedi .Spirltura meum 
 supiT eum, Vnlg. Is. xlii. 1 : (the priests) 
 sfiall p. my name upon the children of 
 Israel, invocabunlque nomen meum 
 super filios Israel, id. Num. vi. 27. |V. 
 As a task or terms, a burOien or intlic- 
 tion: 1. impono, }: with dat.: p. 
 upon m« what you please, quidvis oneris 
 2 R 
 
 impone, Ter. And. 5, j, 26: that wntdt 
 thou pattest upon me. 1 will bear, omne, 
 qu(jd imixjsueiTs mihl feraui, Vulg. 
 4 Keg. xvijj. 14 : cf. Cic. N. h. i, 20, J4, 
 imposuLsiis (m) cerviclbus nostris seiu- 
 pit-'ruum duminum : v. to impose. 2 
 induco, } : v. brino upo.n . ind. super 
 (p. upon) joined with pono in (biing 
 on) : cunctura languorem, quem p<Aui 
 in Aegypto iiou inducam super le, Vi Ig. 
 Ex. XV. 26. With obj. of person; as 
 " to p. tliem upon considering " (Locke), 
 aninmm Inducere, exciiare, ad or In ali- 
 quid. V. to drive to; to i.vcrrh ; to 
 induce ; to set ; to urge . to p. one 
 upon a task, propouere alicui aliquid : 
 
 v. TO PROPOSE ; TO set. V. 'J'O POSM 
 
 off anything upon (as " to p.'an undi- 
 gested play upon the public," J>ryden) : 
 cf. TO PAW off: esp. as a deception; 
 and (without obj. ol thing) to ctteat. L 
 impono, j : with dat. 01 person : v. to 
 IMPOSE UPON. 2. verba dare alicui: 
 PI. AuL I, I, 2 J Ter. Andr. i, j, 6: 
 Cic. Phil. I J, 16, ad Jin. Hor. S. i, ?, 
 22. 3. inducere aliquem in: top. an 
 error up<m one (Bacon), cf. inducere im- 
 peritos in errorem, Cic. Brut. 85, 29}. 
 Phr. : top. upon one's liial : in judi- 
 cium adducere, Cic. li. A. 10, 28: or, 
 vocare, id. Verr. 2, i, 12, J4 top. upon 
 his country (in same sense), add. ad 
 populum, id. Agr. 2, j6. 
 
 put with: I. Lit. addo, j: Ut 
 
 no gold be p. (into the grove) with the 
 dead, monuo neve aurum addito, Fr. 
 Leg. XU. lab. in Cic. Leg. 2, 24. ||. 
 To p. with any one fin- safety, dfpono,' 
 
 } . v. TO liK.POSIT. 
 
 putative : 1. falsus : cf. falsi geni- 
 toris, Virg. Aen. 1.716. 2. (late) puii- 
 tivus, Pert. adv. Mar. j, 8: v. kfj-uted. 
 
 putid (obs.): putidUB, adv. putide: 
 
 V. m.SGU.STINO. 
 
 putrefaction (subs.) : |. the 
 
 process I'J making to putrefy (act) : 
 expr. by in/in., ger., etc. of puirefacio. 
 II, The process of putrefying 
 (neut.): expr. by pulresco, and putre- 
 fio : salt preserves bodies from putre- 
 faction, corpora a pntrescendu (sal) 
 vindicat, Plin. ji, 9, 45. |||. The 
 
 state of being putrid ; v. pctriditv : 
 also, i« o state of p., putrescens ; v. 
 putrescent 
 
 putrefactive ('"O )• septicns ((njir- 
 TiKo?): p. force or injtuence, s. vis, PUn. 
 io, 4, 10. 
 
 PUtre&. '"■ 1- (obs.) = to make to 
 piitrej y : putrC-facio, leci, factum, ; : 
 Col. i, 12: Plin. 29. 4, 28; V to rot. 
 
 (y. n.) ; 1, piltesco I Old 
 
 isco), ui. i (ill. R. R. j: Cic, Fin. 5, 
 I?: Hor. S. 2, J, 194: and putresco, j: 
 Varr. R. R. 2, 5 . Hor. S. 2, j, 119: Pliu. 
 JI, 9, 45. 2. putrefio: PalL I, n : 
 Varr. R. R. 2, 5 : Lucr. : past part, pu- 
 trefactus, Prud. <rr(4>. 10, loj;. 3. 
 viiior, I. pass. : Plin. • v. to rot. 
 
 putrefying (a<0.)- p"ifr i«i«i putris, 
 
 tris. tre ; d. Ov. F. 1, 379, lerveni 
 e.xamina (of bees) putri de bove i,Vlrgr 
 has for the same, liquefacia boum p«T 
 viscera, G. 4. 55;) cf. Curl. 9. }, 10, 
 corpora tot cicatricibus puiria (said rhe- 
 torically of living persons but may be 
 used for putrefying wounds): cf. PD- 
 tbe.stent, putrid. 
 
 putrescence: v. puTRiDrrv. 
 
 putrescent: (prop, inceptive): pu- 
 trescens: putens also pfitUlus- p. m«U, 
 p. caro, Cic. Pis. 9 : p. vinum, PL Triii. 
 
 2, 4, 125: cf. PUTREFYING. 
 
 putrid ; 1. piitor and putris, tris 
 tre (Cels.): cf. PtJTREFVixG. 2. pu- 
 iridus: Cic. Pis. i. 3. putrfiosus: a 
 p. sore, p. ulcus, CoeL Aur. Tard. 2. 14. 
 
 4. pfltldus: V. PtTTKF.^CE.ST. /o (« 
 
 p.: putreo. 2 Pac in Non. 159. 19: al^« 
 
 putgo, PI. Most. I, 2,67 (al. putrent). 
 
 putridity or putridness (subs.) -. 
 
 1. putor, TO. ; Oil. K. R. 157 : Lucr. 
 
 2, 872. and putror, id. ib. 929. 2. 
 
 putramen, n. .• Cyprian, de Lap. 12. 
 
 3. putredo. App. .M. 9, p. 622. 4. 
 
 putrilago. Inis./".. Non. 21, 2!. 
 
 putty : "gli'ilen (Inis, m.), or glutl- 
 num (n.) vilrartorum (lit. glazier*^ 
 609
 
 PUZZLE 
 
 1* Y THON 
 
 QUADKATB 
 
 *!ue) ; or, from its composition, *gluten 
 a'etae et olei. 
 
 puzzle (subs.) ! \. A question or 
 trick, either to confuse, or to exercise the 
 ingenuity: 1. nodus, m., gen. term. 
 Join- nodi et aenigmata able to sol re 
 the p.s of the law and the riddles of the 
 statutes, qui juris no<los et legiini ae- 
 nigmata solvat, Juv. 8, ?o. 2. quaes- 
 tio, onis, f : an intdlectaal or dialectic 
 p. : to be able to solce all p.s, omnes 
 solvere posse quaestiones, Bibacul. in 
 Suet. Gramm. ii; a lery hard p..per- 
 difficilis et perobscura q., Cic. N. D i. i 
 (adapted) : obscurissima et implicatis- 
 sima q., Gell. ^, 2. also dim. quaestiiin- 
 ciila . to propose a p., q. ponen-, Cic. de 
 Or. r, 22, lo? : cf. yuint. i, j, ii, sunt 
 etiam nonnulli acuendis puerorum in- 
 geniis non inutiles lusiis. cum positis 
 invicem cujuscunque generis quaestiun- 
 culis aemiilantur (i/iey vie in putting p.s 
 to one anotlier) : esp., lnsoria quaestio : 
 (Diodoriis died of shame) because he did 
 not at once solve a p. asked by <tilpo, 
 lusoria quaestione non protinus ad in- 
 terrogationem Stilponis dissoluta, Plin. 
 ?. 5 J. 54- '" solre a p. (besides solvere 
 and dissolvere), explicare q., by anal. 
 fr. captiones (sophii<ms) expl., Cic. Div. 
 2, 17, 41 : and by the same analogy, to 
 discuss p.s, q. discutere, id. Acad, i, 15, 
 46 : the solution of a p., solutio (or dis- 
 solutio) quaeslionis lusorlae (cf. sol. cap. 
 soph, Gell. 18,2). i'hr.. to be a p. hard 
 to .lolce : cf Cic. N. 0. j, 59, 9?, quam 
 esset obscura et quam diflRciles explicatus 
 haberet. 3. liisus, lis, m., a game : 
 
 (a) for a verbal p., yulnt. I. sup. cit. 
 
 (b) gen. term for a p. forming a toy or 
 pame. by anal. fr. I. calculorura, Plin. 
 Ep 7, 24 : I. XII. scriptorum (al. scru- 
 porum), Quint. 11, 2, j8. et. irritandae 
 ad discendum infantiae gratia eburneas 
 literarum fornias in lusum offerre, id. 
 I, I, 26 the Chinese p. (perhaps). *lus\is 
 geometricus Sinarum : a dissected p., a 
 mosaic p., *lusus seclilis (b.v anal. fr. 
 sect, pavimenta, Vitr. 7, i ; Suet. Caes. 
 
 46, fin.): cf. GAME. II, A DIFFICULTr, 
 
 PERPLEXITY, State of CONFUSION : diffl- 
 
 cultas, res difficiles, angustiae, dubitatio: 
 also nodus ; we had got into a sad p., 
 incideramus in difiBcilem nodum, C!oel. 
 ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11 : cf. Cic. Quint. 5, in 
 summas angustias adduci. Phr. : it's 
 a p., haeret haec res, PI. Ps. 4, 2, 28. 
 
 puzzle ("• «•)•■ 1. impfidio, Ii or 
 Ivi, itum, 4: cf. tot me impediunt curae, 
 Ter. And. i, 5, 25 • v. to f.mbarrass. 
 2. dubium facgre, j : what is there 
 in this case to p. any one f quae res est, 
 quae cujusquam animum in hac causa 
 dubium facere possit.? Cic. Manil. 10 
 (adapted). Also dubium habere, cf. 
 Ov. F. 6, 572, dubium me quoque mentis 
 habet. 3, scrupulum alicui injicio; 
 rve p.d the fellow, injeci scrupulum 
 homini, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 20 : cf. Cic. Clu. 
 28, 76, hie tum injectus est hominibus 
 scrupulus et quaedam dubitatio, quid- 
 nam esset actum, (men were p.d and 
 doubtful). 4. torqugo, si, tum, 2 (as 
 a very strong term) : cf verbi coniro- 
 versia tam diu torquet Graeculos hom- 
 ines, Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 47; equidem 
 dies noctesque torqueor, id. Att. 7, 9 : 
 V. TO RACK. 5. turbo, I, and comps. 
 conturbo, obturbo: v. to conf0se; to 
 
 TBOUBLE. 
 
 (v. n.) : esp. to p. over (a thing) : 
 
 and to be p.d ; to be in a puzzle : 1. 
 non habeo, quid (with subj.): I am p.d 
 ■what to do about the boys, de pueris quid 
 agam non habeo, Cic. Att. 7, 19: he uas 
 p.d how to answer this, quid huic re- 
 sponderet non habebat, id. 12, 26. 2. 
 haereo. si, sum, 2 ; alone : the rascal was 
 p.d, haerebat nobulo : quo se verteret 
 non habebat, id Phil. 2, 29, 74: with 
 abl. : cf. quum haerent aliquo loco (when 
 they're p.d at any point), id. Acad. 2, 5, 
 14 : gen. with in to p. over (or be p.d 
 by) a fallacy, in captione h., Gell. 16, 
 2: with circa: the most eloquent orator 
 has once p.d over his letters, futurus 
 eloquentissiraus haesit aliquando circa 
 formas literarum. Quint, i, 1. 21- Also 
 610 
 
 freq. haeslto, i : cf. in novis rebus baes., 
 Cic. Acad. 2, 5, i ; : ut deliberare non 
 baesitare videamur. Quint. 10, 7, 22. 3. 
 dubito, I dQbius sum ; incertus sum : 
 V. to doubt; (to be in) doubt; doubt- 
 ful ■ I'm p.d 11 hat to do, dubius sum 
 quid faciam, Hor. S. i, 9, 40. 
 
 puzzling (<Ki;.) .- 1. obscurus a 
 riddle more p. than Plato's number, 
 aenigma numero Platonis obscuriiis, Cic. 
 Att. 7, Ii. 2. diibius: cf. dubium vel 
 anceps genus causarum, Quint. 4, i, 40. 
 3. perplexus cf p. sermones, Liv. 
 40, 5 . p. responsum, id. ?;, 14, fin. : cf. 
 id. 54, 57 : and for the conipar., cf. per- 
 plexius carmen, id. 2;, 12 : ratio per- 
 plexior, Plin. 2, 15, 15. 4. ambigiius : 
 PI. Ps. 2, 4, 69: cf. oracula amb., Cic. 
 Div. 2, ;6 : responsa, Suet. Tib. 24. In 
 a p. manner, per ambages, Liv. i, 56. 
 
 pygmean : (" that pygmean race 
 Beyond the Indian mount, warred on 
 by cranes," Milton) : pygmaeus : cf. Juv. 
 I J, 166, seqq. • 
 Ad subltas Thracum volucres, nubem- 
 
 que sonoram 
 Pygmaeus parvis currit bellator In 
 
 armis: 
 Mox impar hosti, raptusque per aera 
 
 curvis 
 Ungnibus a saeva fertur grue : 
 cf. id. 6, 504: Gell. 9, 4- Mela, ;. 8, 
 8 : Plin. 4, 11 ; id. 5, 29: id. 6, jo, J5 • 
 id. 7, 2. 
 
 pygmy (s«6s.) : pygmaeus; pflmllus; 
 nanus : v. dwarf. 
 
 (comm. adj.): pygmaeus; cf. 
 
 brevior virgine pygmaea, Juv. 6, 504- 
 may also serve for liliputian. 
 
 pyramid (also p3/(aTO!S, Bacon: Gk. 
 Trvpofii'sl : pyramis, idis, /. ; the Geom. 
 solid in general : cf. conum tibi ais et 
 cylindrum et pyramidem pulchriorem 
 quam sphaeram videri, Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 
 47 ; the Egyptian pyr. in particular, 
 dicantur obiter et pyramides in eadera 
 Aegypto, etc., etc., Plin. j6, 12, 16 
 
 pyramidal, pyramidical : 1. 
 
 pyramidatus . bodies of a p firm, cor- 
 puscula p , Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 66 (dub.). 
 2. fastigatus : in the wider sense of 
 anything sloping to an apex. 
 
 pyramidically : 'in pyramidis (um) 
 speciem : and expr. by adj. fastigatus. 
 
 pyre : pyra,/., poet. fr. theGk. Trvpa; 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 215 Ov. F. 2, 5J4' Auct. 
 B. Afr. 91 : in pure Lat. rdgus, m. : v. 
 
 PILE. 
 
 pyrites (subs.), firestone : now used 
 only for the sul/>hurets (or sulphides) of 
 copper and iron : pyrites, ae, m. : the 
 Lat. word is used for flint and millstone, 
 and also for iron pyrites : all in Plin. 
 J6, 19, JO. 
 
 pyrotechnic, and .al (adj.) .- *pyr6- 
 technicus. 
 
 pyrotechnics, and -y (subs.) .- "ars 
 pyrotechnica : v. fireworks. (N.B. — In 
 classical Finglish the word signijies the 
 use or management of fire : as " great 
 discoveries have been made by the 
 means of pyrotechny and chemistry," 
 Hale . where per ignem may be used.) 
 
 pyrrhic : I. ^^e pyrrhic dance : 
 fn Gk. and Lat. a subs. ; pyrrhicha, ae, 
 and pyrrniche, es, /. (jrvppCxn). said to 
 be named from its inventor, Pyrrhus or 
 I'yrrichius . PBn. 7, 56, 57, $ 204 : 
 Solin. II (16) . to dance the p., pyr- 
 rhichamsaltare, Suet. Caes. 59: a dancer 
 of tliep., pyrrhicharius, Ulp. Dig. 48, 19, 
 8. fin. II. The metrical foot, _ _ . 
 expr. by the ndj. of the preceding, 
 pyrrhicbius (jrvppi'x'09), with or with- 
 out pes, Quint. 9, 4. 80. The adj. may 
 also be used for the pyrrhic phalanx, 
 * phalanx pyrrhichia : 
 " Ye have the pyrrhic dance as yet : 
 Where is the pyrrhic phalanx gone ?" 
 
 Byron. 
 
 Pyrrhonism: *Pyrrhonis doctrlna. 
 
 pyrrhonistS : Pyrrhonei (or -ii), 
 prop, followers of Pyrrho : Cic. de Or. 
 i, 17, 61 Gell. II, 5: V. SCEPTIC 
 
 python, agenusofserpet^fs: python, 
 Onis, m. : in pure Lat. only as proper 
 name for the serpent, Python, killed by 
 Apollo. 
 
 pythoness (prop, the priestess o^ 
 Apollo at Delphi^, a wild prophetess: 
 Pythla, ae,/ (^ UveCa) : Nep. Milt. I ; 
 F^thia vates, Cic. Div. i, 19 : late Lat 
 Pylhonissa, ae, /. : Vulg. 1 Paralip. x. 
 1} (for the witch of En-dor). Note: 
 the Vulg. has the cognate spiritum 
 py thonem (A. V. a, spirit of divination). 
 Act. xvi. 16. 
 
 pyx : pyxis, idis, /. (Trust's), alao 
 puxis (Scrib. Comp. 228), prop, a box of 
 box-wood, then any box : Cic. CoeL 25 : 
 a golden pyx. Suet. Ner. 47. 
 
 Q. 
 
 QIJACK (f.).- I. As a dtteis 
 0) telrinnio,4: Aiict.Carm.de Phi- 
 lomath. 22. II, To make loud and 
 boastful pretensions, esp. in medicine 
 ("To quack of universal cures" : Hudi- 
 bras): se jactare gloriari : v. to boast; 
 to brag. Ill, Topractise medicine 
 
 as a quack : perh. * mcdicinam circula- 
 toriam facere, v. quackery : empiricen 
 facere (cf Plin. 29, i, 4 : alia factio— ab 
 experimeniis cognominant empiricen) ; 
 cf. Cels. I. inf. cit. s. v. quack (subs.). 
 
 quack (subs.), fr. the v. .■ and quack- 
 salver (Germ, quacksalber). |. A boast- 
 fid pretender to any art : jactator: 
 ostentator: homo vaniloquus, gloriosus: 
 also expr. by verbs : v. braggart, im- 
 postor, PRETENDER. ||, Prop, an iti- 
 nerant medical practitioner, xvho puffs 
 his d.rugs in public places; but now, 
 any irregular practitioner, esp. otie who 
 txxtsts of a specific : 1. circulator, nu : 
 cf. Cels. 5, 27, i, quod per quaedam me- 
 dicamenta c. faciunt : hence expr. a 
 quack-medicine by medicamentum cir- 
 culatoiium. 2. pharmacOpola, ae, m. 
 (a medicine-vendor), Hor.S. 1, 2, i ; and 
 ph. circumforaneus (a travelling medi- 
 cine-vendor), Cic. Clu. 14, 40. 3. his- 
 trio, TO.; cf. Cels. 5, 26, I, histrionis est 
 parvam rem attoUere. 4, iatrilipta, 
 or -es, ae, m. (Gk. JaTpoAeijrTrjs, one 
 who cures by anointing, exactly = quack- 
 salver), Cels. i, i. Plin. Lp. 10, 4: cf. 
 empiric. 5. praestigiator : v. jug- 
 
 gler. 
 
 quackery, quacking: L circtt- 
 
 latoriae praestigiae, Tert. ApoL 2j : *c. 
 artes. 2, empirice, es,/. (e;i7reipiK»)): 
 Plin. 29, 1,4. 3. iatraliptice (or -lep- 
 tice), es,/. ; Plin. 29, i, 2. (For the wider 
 sense, v. BOAsriNc, imposture.) 
 
 q^uackish : circillatorius : 5. osten- 
 tation, c. jactatio. Quint. 2, 4, 15 : q. 
 fluency, c. volubilitas, id. 10, i, 8 : 
 q. tricks, c. praestigiae, Tert. I. c. 
 
 quadragesima (lent): qnadrage- 
 sinia, Hier. Kp. 4, i, 2. 
 
 quadragesimal, adj. (e. g. q. col- 
 lects) : quadragesimalis, Scriptt. Eccl. 
 
 quadrain : o. E. for quatrain. 
 
 quadrangle : I. The geometrical 
 figure: qiiadrangulum, Gloss. Lat. Gr. 
 II. A square open court : arga (not 
 found with quadrata), we sealed our- 
 selves in the q. of the house, residimua 
 in a. domfls, Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 4 : used, id. 
 Pan. $2, for the open space infrvnt of a 
 tempU. 
 
 quadrangular : quadrangfilus ; a 
 q. figure, q. figura, Plin. ij, 22, j8 s 
 (later) quadrangulatus, Tert Anim. 17. 
 (Note : quadratus sometimes loosely, 
 like Eng. square.) 
 
 quadrant: I, 0. E. the fourth part 
 of anything = Lat. quadrans, tis, ra. 
 II, Now only, the fourth part of a 
 circle: quadrans (circiili) : tetrans cir- 
 cini, Vitr. 10, 11. |||, An optical instru- 
 ment for taking altitudes: * quadrans 
 (t. t): perh. dioptra, Vitr. 8, 5 (6), i. 
 
 quadrantal (adj. e. g. a quadrantal 
 arc) : *quadrantalis (prop, containing 
 the fourth part of any measure), PUn. 
 Ii. 15. 29- 
 
 quadrate (id/.) : |. square .- qua- 
 dratus. IJ, In astron. = in quadrature: 
 quadratus, v. quadrature. |||, O. E. 
 fitted, suited, quadratus, v. foil. art.
 
 QUADRATE 
 
 QUAI NT 
 
 QUAKE 
 
 quadrate ("• w-) •■ to fit in with, to 
 TOtt ■ quadro, i, used intr. : wlih abl. , 
 ct secto via limtte quadret, Viru. G. 2, 
 278: wilb in and ace., cf. omnia in 
 istani quadrant, Cic. CoeL 29: absol. id. 
 (}e Or. J, 44 wiilj ad mulia (adverbially), 
 id. Att. 4. t8. 
 
 quadratic (oflj) •• I. Pelovging -p 
 a square ■ qnadratus. ||. In maihem. 
 * quadraticiis (t. t.). 
 
 quadrature: I. j"'* pnKxss of 
 squaring . qiiadratiira • esp. the q. of 
 the circle, circuli q.. Apul I iO({ni. I'lat. ?, 
 p. 17. II. In astron.. the lieitig dUlont 
 f)ia° . quadratum: they cull these (pisi- 
 tions) quadratures, fa quadiata nmni- 
 nant, Cic. 1)1 V. 2, 4'., 89- o.sp. tin- plir. 
 in q. "ith : the moon is halixd nheii in 
 q. ii-ith the S"ti : luna in quadrato soils 
 dividuaest, Plin. 2, 18, 16. 
 
 quadrennial (or quadrienn.) : 
 
 I. Lasting 4 years : quadrirnnis, e : 
 Aur. Vict. Epit. 45. ||, Recurring every 
 4<A year (i. e. at intervals 0/ 4 years), 
 in our mode of computation, is, in the 
 Roman mode, quiiiqucnnalis, e : cf. Cic. 
 de Or. J, }2, 12'', quinq. celtbritas (sc. 
 ludorum Olyinpirorum). (N.B. Tbe form 
 quadrlcnnalis is not lound.) 
 
 quadrilateral (<i*i;) •■ q""'l"'a'S''us : 
 a qumli ilatcral Ji gure.q. forma, Krontin. 
 p. JS, Goes. Subst. a q., quadrangiilum. 
 Prise, fi^ num. extr. ; cf. oblong {subs.), 
 
 PARALLELOGRAM. 
 
 quadrille : I. The game at cards : 
 •ludus chartaruni quaternarius. ||, 
 The dance: •saltatio quaternaria. 
 
 quadripartite: quadripartitus: cf. 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 12, fin., q. distributio 
 totius accusationis : a q. alliance, *foedus 
 
 IV. civitaium. 
 
 quadrireme: quadrlremis: Cic. Verr. 
 5, J I (quatr., Not. Tir. p. 177). 
 
 quadrisyllable : tetrSsyliabus, Mar. 
 
 Vict. 
 
 quadriviunii <''« old university 
 course of .^ years, in succession to the 
 trivium : quadrivium (nied. Lat.),Boetb. 
 
 quadroon : pure Latin only allows 
 the gen. term hibrida or bybrida : v. 
 hybrid: perb. (as defin.), *bigenero 
 patre vel maire iiatus. 
 
 quadrumanous {adj.') -. quadrlma- 
 nus, a, um (and -is, -e), prop, born with 
 4 hands : cf. puella biceps, quadripes, 
 quadrimana, Jul. Obseq. 111. (Sci. 
 term : *quadrumana, crura : as, monkeys, 
 Cuv.) 
 
 quadruped: I. Prop, adj., four- 
 footed (" q. and winged animals," 
 Watts's 'Logic'): qiiadrupes, edis 
 (quadripes), prop, going on four feet : 
 q. equus {galloping), Enn. in Gell. 18, 
 5. Also quadriipedus, Amm. 14, 2 : and 
 qnadrupgdius, Jul. Valer. res g. Ales. 
 M, J, j6. II. Usu. subs, quadrupes 
 (sc. bestia), usu. /. : aliam q., Cato R. R. 
 102: nulla q., Virg. E. 5, 25: but also 
 neut. : crocodilus q. malum, Plin. 8, 25, 
 n: cf. id. II, j6. 4?: pi. Cul. II, 2. 
 (The neut. seems u^ed generally for a 
 four-footed creature, rather than speci- 
 fically for a qwidruped.) Adv. quadru- 
 pgdatim, lilce {after the manner of) a q., 
 Charis. p. 16 (, 1'. 
 
 quadruple {a/ij.) : 1. quadmplex, 
 icis: PI.. Liv. 2. qiiadruplus (quadru- 
 plaris in Macrob. S. Scip. i, 19. dub.); 
 
 V. FOCBFOLD. For a q. star adopt 
 quadrupUces stellae (prop. Jour stars), 
 Cic. A rat. 92. 
 
 quadrunle {subs.), four times as 
 much : quadruplum : cf. fureni d\ipli 
 condeinnari, fcncratorem quadrupil 
 Cat. R. R. prooem. : to si-nfei'ce (a per- 
 son) to pay q.. judicium in araioreni in 
 q. dare, Cic. Verr. 1,1?: cf. \'ulg. Luc. 
 xix. 8, si quid aliqucm defraudavi, reddo 
 quadruplunL 
 
 quadruple C"), and quadru'^li- 
 
 cate. to multiply by 4; nuiKe 4 times 
 as much: quadruple, i: Ulp. IMg. 4, 2, 
 14: and quadniplico, i: numcruni q., 
 Paul Dig. j8. 10, 10 to quadruple mie's 
 estate, rem suam q., PI. Siich }, i, 4. 
 
 Quadruplication, four-fM in- 
 crease : quadruplicailo ; numeri q„ Cap. 
 ■J. ^5». 
 
 quadruply (adv. ) .- quadmplo, Plin. 
 n, {7, 79 qiiadrupllcatii. Id. 14, 4, 5. 
 
 quaere or query : * quaere (t. t.). 
 
 quaff (.V. a. and n.) ; to Urink in 
 large draughts, also (poet) to drink 
 wiCli pltasure : \, hnurlo, si, slum, 4 
 (chiefly poet.) : he quaffed the foaming 
 liofl, ille Implger hausit spumantem 
 paierani, Virg. Aen. 1, 7?8- cratera, ib. 
 8. 679: pocula. Ov. M. 14. 277. Absol. 
 {— intr. in Eng.), Cic. Brut. 8j, J88. 
 2. duco. .\l, cium, } (poet.): to q. 
 the juice if the 716' tur, d. nectiiris sncos, 
 Hor. Od. }, }, ?4: pocula Lesbii, ib. i, 
 '". 22. 3. perpoto, I, esp. absol. and 
 continuous: ct. totos dies p.. Cic Verr. 
 5, it, fin. : also with nbj. (poet.), to q. a 
 iiittcT tup, p. amarum alisinthi laticem, 
 Liicr. I, 9!g. Also the simple poio, 1 : 
 and freq. potlio, i : cl. to drink. The 
 vait. ifuaff'ed is .sometimes expr. by the 
 a('j. potusaxreeing with tlieobj. : having 
 q 'd it {the bull's blood) : eo polo, Cic. 
 Brut. 11,4?: and as adj., vine-jars q.'d 
 '0 the dregs, poti faece tenus cadi, Hor. 
 Od. J, 15, 16. 
 
 quaffer : haustor, m. : potor, m. : 
 potator, m. : v. ukinkkr. 
 
 quaffing {subs.) : potus, us, m. : po- 
 talTo,/. : haustio,/. : v. DB AUGHT. 
 
 quagga : 'equus qnagga {t. t.). 
 
 quaggy and quagmire : v. bog, 
 
 BOGGY. 
 
 quail {subs.) : cotuml.x, icis,/. ('tar- 
 dus c, Linn.) : PI. Capt. 5, 4, 6 : Lucr. 4, 
 64; Plin. 10, 2j, ?t : Vulg. E.N. xvi. I}. 
 
 quail-pipe : * fistula coturnicibus 
 allicieiidis or decipiendls. 
 
 quail (''•)•■ I. Trans.: v. to 
 
 QCELL. II. In trans. : to be abjectly 
 difcouraged : esp. to quail befirre (an ob- 
 ject of fear) : 1, abjicio, }. with pron. 
 rrflect. : cf. qui doloris speciem ferre 
 non possunt, se abjiciunl, etc., Cic. Tusc. 
 2, 2}, 54. 2. cado, c€cldi, casum, j, 
 with animo: ive ought not thus to q., 
 non del)emus ita cadere animis, Cic. Fam. 
 6, 1 : and compd. concido, j : with animo, 
 Hirt. B. G. 8, 19: and alone: cf. ne una 
 plaga accepta P. C. conciderenl neve defi- 
 cerent, Cic. Att. i, 16. 3. despondgo, 
 di, .sum. 2 : with animiun. PI. Mil. i, i, 
 6: animos, Liv. j, }8. 4. pavfio, pavi, 
 2 : esp. with an obj. to q. at or before : 
 death, mortem p., Plin. 2. 12, 9: cala- 
 mity, trisiioreni casum p., Tac. H. i, 29 ; 
 aperson's temper, mores alicujus p., ib. 
 50: cf. Quis Parthum paveat, quis geli- 
 dum Siythen.' Hor. Od. 4, 2, 2; : with 
 ad: paventes ad omnia, Liv. 5,42: absol. 
 the courage quails, animus pavet, Sen. 
 Med. 670 : cf. sullicitae mentes speque 
 metuque pavent, Ov. F. j, }62. 6. ab- 
 jecto, demisso, fracio, esse animo : v. 
 PUSILLANIMOUS. 6. irgpldo, I : v. TO 
 
 TREMBLE. 
 
 quailing {adj.): l. pavidus: q. 
 be/ ore all suspicions, ad omnes suspi- 
 ciones p., Tac. H. 2, 68. 2. abjectus, 
 
 etc. : v. PISILLANIMOCS. 
 
 quaint : the various shades of mean- 
 ing — ntat, elegaut, subtlf. striking, 
 strange — require taste and regard for 
 the context to express: for general 
 terms we may use : 1. concinnus 
 (esp. of style) cf. (as a definition) alii 
 in eadem jejunitate concinn lores, id est, 
 faceii. florentcs eiiani et leviter ornatl, 
 Cic. Or. 6 ■ a q. transfpositiim of uords, 
 c. transgres.sio veiboium, Quiniil. 9, }, 
 91: a q. and elegant {untrr). Join: 
 c. et elegans. Cic. Kin. 5.5 Join: con- 
 cinnae acutaeque sententiae, id. Brut. 
 in, fin. 2. Ifpidus: (1) of persons: 
 %vhat a q. fellow : u capliulum lepidis- 
 sinuim I Ter. Eun. j, }, 25. Join: 
 bellus, lepidus, PI. Capt. t, 2. }. (^^) of 
 style : J o i n : 1. et concinnus ; (a cri- 
 ticism on qualutiiess) quae lepida et 
 concinna, cito satieiate afUciunt aurium 
 sensum fasiidiosisslmum, Auci. H>-ren. 
 4, 2J, ?2. Exclam. expr. by adv : Aoi" 
 "ilty, fine, and q. ! yoit can't lieat that! 
 faiete, laute, lepide: nihil supra, Ter. 
 Eun. }, I, 57. 3. arguiii.-.; with a q. 
 sandal, arg. in ,«olea, Cat. 68, 72 (in bad 
 sense) . q. sayings, a. dicta, Cia de Or. 2, 
 61. 4. fesiivus : a man pleasant and 
 
 witty, and of q. ditcourse, dulcis et 
 facetus fesllvique semioiiis, Cic Off. i, 
 10, 108. Join: poema fai It lia fe»- 
 tivum. lU coiicinnum, ita elegans. Dibit 
 ul fieri possit argutius, id. I'is. 29, 
 70: one who affects q. discnurre, fes- 
 tlvi germonis tlmulaior. Id. Off. i, jo, 
 108 5. nitidus cf. n.qu-ddam genus 
 verborum et laetum, Cic de Or. i, 18. 
 6. elfigans: a q. style of humour, 
 cf. perBplcllis, hoc gi-nus (jocandi) quam 
 sit faceium, quam eli-gans, Cic. dt- Or. 2, 
 59, 241. 7. complus ; esp. for the 
 sense of refined elegance : ami, deri- 
 sively, quaint and foppish (Shaksp. : 
 .Swift), dim. coni|ituliis . cf. cumptuli 
 Juvenes, Hii-r Ep. 128, No. 4. g. ex- 
 quisitus: cf. re<onJila.s exqulgitasque 
 scnteniias, Cic. Brut. 79, 274: (perh. 
 may serve for " their quaint opinions 
 wide." Milton) : an orrr precise and q. 
 style of !.peech, accuratiu> -l exquisiiius 
 dicendi genus, ib. 82, 28j : (anything) 
 q. and elegant, (aliquid) exqiii>liissiiuae 
 comltatis, Suet.Oth. J. 9. rarus (where 
 the sense of unusual prevails) : a q. 
 costume, r. vestis, Cat. 69, j : a uurk of 
 q. device, artis opus rarae, lib. }, 4, 17 : 
 q. simplicity, rarissima simplicitas, Ov. 
 A. A. I, 241. See also fak-ketched. 
 10. captatus: q. breiity, brevitalero 
 c, Quint. 10, I, }2 : q. grace in an actor, 
 c. elegantiam actoris. Id. 11, j, 184: a 
 word not q. but natural, non caplata, 
 sed velut oblata vo.x, id. 9, j, 7}. U, 
 siibtills, (for the use of q. in old 
 writers "as clerkys been full subtile 
 and quaint," Chaucer) : a q. qutstian, 
 quaestios.: v. subtle. 
 
 quaintness : 1. conclnnltas, atlB, 
 /. ; in gen. sense, cf. non est omamen- 
 tum virile cone. Sen. Ep. 115 of style, 
 cf. omat .sententlarum cone, Cic. Brut. 
 95. 2. lepos (-or), oris, m. ; cf. tanlus 
 in Jocando lepos, Cic. de Or. i, 7, 27 • 
 floruit admirablli quodam lepore dicendi, 
 id. Ac. 2, 6, 16. Join: lepos 1 1 festi- 
 vitas, Auct. Her. 4, 2}, J2: cf. Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 56, 227 : a certain q. of wit, 
 facetiarum quidam lepos. Veil i, 54, 
 I59- 3. argutiae, arum,/. ; cf. lujus 
 loquacitas hat)et aliquid argutiaruni. Cic. 
 Leg. I. 2, 7 : sing, a strained and daritig 
 q., importuna atque audax argutia,(;elL 
 }, 16. 4. festivTias, atis. /. : the art 
 {or trick) of constant q.. perpetuae f. 
 ars, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 219: a pattern </ 
 M, English q.. imago antiquae et verna- 
 culae f., id. Fam. 9, 15. 5. facetiae, 
 iirum,^. : the pleasant q. of l/itin nit, 
 dulces Latini leporis facetiae. Veil, i, 17. 
 6. nitor, oris, m.: q. in tropes, 
 translatioiuini n., Quint. 12. 10, j6. 7. 
 captatio verborum: Cic. Part. J?, 81: 
 cl. puerilis c. vocum similiuni, Quint. 8, 
 J. 57- 8. insoleiitia verl-orum: Cia 
 de Or. }, I ; : and pi. : to dislike q., inso- 
 leiifias verlx'riim respuere, Gell. ij, 20. 
 
 quaintly {adv.) : expr. by the advs. 
 of the adjs. s. v. yuAiNT, esp. • in a q. 
 costume. Join: conclnne et lepide res- 
 tita, I'l. Kp. 2. 2, }8. Join: lepidissime 
 et comissime, Pi. Mil. }. J, 66. Join: 
 eleganter atque exquisite dicere aliquid. 
 Quint. 8, 2, 21. 
 
 quake (i'- ■"•) •" (differs from TO SHAKK, 
 TO shiver, TO SHID1>KJI, TO TKEMBLF, TO 
 
 QUIVER, in being scarcely used of the 
 mere motion, but, (1) of ptTsot.s and 
 animals moved by fear , and hence fig. 
 {2) of things ichich seem to crenible be- 
 fore a supe-rior poirer) : 1. trfmo, ui, 
 j: (1) ot persons- Join: tremit atque 
 exiiinuit, I'l. .MIL 4, 6, ?7 Join- tr.et 
 exalbescere, Cic. Acad. 2, 15. 48: with 
 lumt. of menil)ers affecieil, membra ml- 
 serae trenuint. I'l G«s. J, 5. 2 abl. of 
 same; corde et genibus tr, Hor. Od. i, 
 2?, 8: ace. ol same, his linilis q., tr. 
 anus, Lucr. J, 488 Virg.ii. }. 84: with 
 abl. of cause; your bones q. with fear, 
 tremis ossa pavure, Hor. S. 2, 7, 57 
 cf. •' The creeping fli-sh :il 'ng my bones 
 did quake." (Byron). •Horrcsctns cor- 
 pus treuiuU super os.'^i pavore . (2) of 
 things: Africa terribill tremit horrid* 
 terra tumultu. Fjin. Ann 7. 64: turn 
 sonilii I'rocbyta alw tremit, Virg. Aen. 
 611
 
 QUAKE 
 
 QUALIFIED 
 
 QUALIFY 
 
 9, 715 : the sea-shore q.ing beneath 
 the lashing icaocs, treraentes verbere 
 ripas, Hor. Od. j, 27, 2 J. Used also 
 tians. with ace. of ot/j. : to q. before, 
 cf. neque iratos tremeuti regum apices 
 neque militnm arma, ib. j, 21, 19. 
 Join: tr. atque horreo : virgas atque 
 secures dictaloris tr. atque horr.. Liv. 
 2Z, 27. Cotnp. intrgmo, j : ct. (of Ence- 
 ladus beneath Etna) Kt, fessum quolies 
 mutet latus, intremere oninem Murmure 
 Trinacriam (g.s ivith a thundering 
 sound), Virg. Aen. ?, 581 : with cu:c. ; 
 Hannibalem intr., Sil. 16, 664 (al. Hun- 
 nibali). Rarely contremo, j : Lucr. 5, 
 1220: Poet, in Cic. de Or. j, jg. 2. 
 the incept, tremisco, ui, J : / bid the 
 mountains to q., jubeoque tremiscere 
 monies, Ov. M. 7, 20; : with abl. of 
 cause ; tonitruque tremiscunt Ardua 
 terrarum et campi, V'L-g. Aen. 5, 694 : 
 with ace. of obj. ; snnitumque pedum 
 vocenique tremisco, Virg. Aen. j, 648. 
 Rarely compd. contremisco (to q. all 
 over) : Cic. de Or. i, 26, 121 (trans. 
 tremble) : cf. the earth q. before Him, 
 a facie ejus c. terra. Vulg. Joel ii. 10: 
 ■with ace. of obj.; Hanuibalem Italia 
 contremuit, Just. 12, 4, 14. 3. the 
 trans, tremefacio, j {make to q. : cf. 
 pass, totum Olympum nutu tr., Virg. 
 Aen. 10, 11;: totum coelum supercilio 
 et nutu. Am. 4, 140), is used reflect. 
 for the n. v. : thf earth quaked, se treme- 
 fecit tellus, Poet, in Cic. Div. i, 11, 18. 
 (Note : irepido, i ■ is rarely, if ever, 
 used in the exact sense of to quake : 
 
 V. TO TREMBLE ; TO QUIVEI! ; TO FEAK.) 
 
 4, horreo, di, 2 : my body q.s, my 
 heart goes pit-a-pat, horret corpus, cor 
 salit, PI. Cist. 2, ;,<)■■ with occ. of obj. ; 
 strictas treplda cervice secures h. : Sil. 
 Ital. 6, 695 : cf. QtTAKE {subs.) : in- 
 cept, horresco, ui, j : v. To shudder. 
 
 5. m6veo, movi, motum, 2 : used 
 intr., only and rarely, of an earthquake : 
 the earth q.d during {there was an 
 earthquake lasting) j8 days, terra dies 
 duodequadraginta movit, Liv. J5, 40 : 
 and in pass. Sen. Q. N. 6, 21. 2 {v. inf. 
 s. V. QUAKE, subs.) : the earth did q., 
 terra mota est, Vulg. Matt, xxvii. 51 : 
 compd. (late) commoveri : the mountains 
 q. at him, muntes commoti sunt ab eo, 
 id. Nah. i. 5 : cf i Reg. xlv. 1 5, contur- 
 bata est terra: and Heb. xii. 21, Moses 
 said, I exceedingly fear and q., Moyses 
 dixit, exterritus sum et tremebundus. 
 P h r. : to make any one q. iHth fear, 
 terrorem alicui injicere, Cic. Pro v. Cons. 
 18, 4J : and reflect. Phr. : ea res me 
 horrore afficil, PI. Am. 5, i, 16. 
 
 quake and quaking {subs.) : I. 
 
 1, trgmor, oris, m. : cf. tremor occu- 
 
 pat anus, Ov. M. }, 40 : v. trembling. 
 
 2. horror, oris, to. : cf. frigidus 
 
 artus, dum loquor, horror habet, Ov. 
 
 M. 9, 2gl : cf. SHCDDEK, SHIVERING. 
 
 The Vulg. uses also conturbatio, /. 
 (non-class, in this sense), Ezek. xii. 
 18; and terror, Dan. x. 7. Phr.: I'm 
 all of a q.. Join : totus tremo hor- 
 reoque, Ter. Eun. I, 2, 4. ||. Esp. a 
 quaking of the earth, an earthquake : 
 
 1. trSmor, oris, m. {sc. terrae), the 
 ancient and prsper word, cf. Sen. Q. N. 
 
 6, 2t, 2 : duo genera sunt quibus 
 
 nwvetur terra : utriusque nomen est 
 proprium : altera succussia est (sequitur 
 defin.') altera inclinalio {seq. def.) : ego 
 et tertium illud existimo, quod nostra 
 vocabulo signatum est : non enim sine 
 causa tremorem dixere majores, etc. etc. 
 fN. B. Succussio— whence Fr. secousse — 
 and inclinatio, are not found elsewhere 
 in this sense.) Usu. alone: Lucr. 5, 587 : 
 Id. 6, 287 : Ov. M. 6, 699 : earthquakes 
 affecting the city (e. g. the earthquake of 
 Lisbon), urbis trenioribus, Plin. j6, 10, 
 ly: with teirac, Plin. Kp. 6, 20, i: the 
 earthqualce grew vialent, iiivaluit. id. ib. 
 
 2. terrae motus, us, m. : Cic. Div. 
 1, 18, J5 : Curt. : there was a great earth- 
 quake, terrae motus factus est magnns, 
 Vulg. Matt, xxviii. 2: id. Act. xvl. 26: 
 cf. TO QUAKE, No. 5 : (the Vulg. has also 
 commotio terrae, Is. xxix. 6 : and comm. 
 alone, j E«g. six. ii, 12). 
 
 f'I2 
 
 Quaker: {Defin.) *secta religionis, 
 pruprie " amicorum " derisu vulgar! 
 " tremulorura " dicta : trans, the Q.s, 
 *"Aniici,' *societas Amiconim : a Q., 
 *Amicus : (unus) e societate Araicoruin. 
 
 quaking (a<'>) ■' !• tremulus : 
 
 Ter. Eun. 2, J, 44 : tr. motus, Lucr. j, 
 202 : tr. horror. Prop. i. 5, 15 : o 9. reed, 
 tr. arundo, Ov. M. 11, 190. 2. treme- 
 bundus (usu. poet.) : cf. (Iphigenia) 
 tremebimda ad aras deducta est, Lucr. 
 I, 96 : tr. membra. Ov. M. 4, IJJ: cf 
 TO QUAKE, fin. 3. trepidus : q. u-ith 
 fear, trepiili formidine, Virg. Aen. 9, 
 169 : q. fear, tr. terror, Lucr. 5 , 41 . 
 4. Esp. by particips. tremens, tre- 
 ])idans, tremefactus : the quaking earth, 
 tremetacta solo tellus, Virg. Aen. 10, 102. 
 
 quaking-grass or quake-grass: 
 
 *briza,/. : {\) common q.-y. : b. media : 
 (2) lesser q.-g. : b. minor : Linn. 
 qualification {^uhs. der. fr. v.) 
 |. That ichich fits a person for 
 anything: gen. expr. by means of the 
 adj. or verb : also expr. by means of ad : 
 Phr.: (Marius) hud all other q.s for 
 obtaining the consulship except, etc., ad 
 quem (consulatum) capiundum praeter 
 vetustatem famiiiae alia omnia abuiide 
 erant, etc., Sail. .J. 6j : v. adaptation, 
 FITNESS : suiTABiLirr. ||. Heuce, a 
 legal or technical q.for any post ; 1. 
 jus, juris, n. : v. right: a q.for the 
 franchise, jus ci\'ltatis : a q. for killing 
 gcime, perh. *j. venationis (cf. jus ma- 
 teriae caedendae, Liv. 5, 55). 2. p6- 
 testas, atis, /. : to hare a legal q. for 
 dUiing anything. Join: jus potesta- 
 temque habere aliquid faciemli, Cic. Phil. 
 11,12, JO. 3. capacitas,/. : prop, kjra/ 
 q. far taking an inheritance, Gai. Dig. 
 31, 55 : cf. TITLE. Also expr. by neg. 
 of words signifying disqualification. 
 III. Absol. high qualities or en- 
 dowments ; 1. dos, dotis, f. : v. 
 endowment: accomplishment. 2. 
 indoles, is, /. ; usu. in sing, t cf. ob 
 altam indolem, Liv. 21, 4: also pL, 
 " good q.s of mind " (Atterbury), bonae 
 aiiimi indoles, Gell. 19, 12. 3. inge- 
 nium. 4. opponuniias, /. 5. 
 habilitas, /. ; v. quality. IV, -4 
 condition, limitation, abatement : 1. 
 conditio,/. 2. circumscriptio,/. ; v. 
 
 CONDITION: terms: LrMITATION. 3. 
 
 excepilo, /. : Cic. Balb. 14 : u-ithout 
 any q., sine uUa exc, id. Am. 17. Phr. : 
 to speak luithout q., simplicissime loqui, 
 Tac. H. I.I?. 
 
 qualified : I. f^t, suitable, having 
 tlie ability for : 1, aptus : with ad : 
 V. FIT : with rd. and subj. : no one better 
 q. to, etc., nulla videbatur aptior persona 
 quae de aetate loqueretur, Cic. Am. 1, 
 
 4. 2. idoneus : with ad ; (no men) 
 better q. for this business, magis ad 
 banc rem idoneos, PI. Poen. j, 2, 6 : cf. 
 Cic. Clu. 6, 17, non essem ad uUam 
 causam idoneus (q. to conduct a case) : 
 with dat. : q. for any vork, id. arti 
 cuilil>et, Hor. Ep. 2. 2, 8 : better q. for 
 the study of history, historiae magis 
 idoneus. Quint. 2, 8, 7 : with rel. and 
 sub}. : cf. idonea mihi Laeli persona 
 visa est, quae de amicitia dissereret, 
 Cic. Am. I, 4. 3. habilis, e, with ad: 
 never «us the same genius better q. for 
 the most varied pursuits, nunquam in- 
 eenium idem ad res diverslssimas habi- 
 
 j li'is fuit, Liv. 21, 4 : V. ABLE. 4. in- 
 j geniosus {with a natural bent for) : ad 
 
 aliquid, Ov. M. 11, Jij: in aiiqua re, 
 I Jlart. Ph-aef. I. 5. opportunus : cf. 
 
 magis opportunus nemo est, IVr. Eiui. 
 
 5, 9 (8), 47 : V. FIT. 6. utilis. e : 
 with dat. : q. for the stOdy of lau\ 
 u. studio juris, Quint. 2, 8, 7. 7. 
 capax, acis : with gen. : whom all men 
 vouM have thought q. for empire had 
 he not been emperor, omnium consensu 
 capax imperi visus, nisi imperasset, Tac. 
 Ann. I, 49. 8. dignus: v. deserving, 
 WORTH V. 9. Join: instructus et 
 omatus: cf. sapiens plurimis artibus 
 instructus et omatus, Cic. Fin. 2, 14 : 
 esp. in the sense of accomplished 
 (Shaksp.). 10, Expr. by esse qui, 
 talem esse qualis, etc. : also by adjs. 
 
 in bills and bundus : by sufScio ad: 
 v. cojiPF.TKNT. Also by Beg. of words 
 sign. DISQUALIFIED. Phr.: to be u-ell 
 q. in {anything), profecisse in, Cic. OflF. 
 i, 8. Phr.: tliose who are naturally q. 
 for the conduct of affairs, ii, qui habent 
 a natuia adjuiiienta rerum gerendarum, 
 Cic. Olf. I, 21, 72. II, Having a legal 
 or technical qualification : 1. expr. 
 by jus : to be q., aliquid J. laciendi 
 habere, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, /in. : v. prec. art. 
 2. Kor other words and phrases, see 
 COMPETENT. |||, Limited, conditioned, 
 restricted, moderated : v. TO qualify. 
 Phr.: q. by the condition, (sub) ea con- 
 ditione : ea lege : v. condition. 
 
 quali£r: |. To fit a person f err 
 
 anything: 1, aptum, idoneum, etc.. 
 aliquem ad aliquid reddere or facere: 
 v. QUALIFIED. 2. institiio, j: ali- 
 
 quem ad dicendum, Cic. de Or. 2, J9 : v. 
 to TRAIN. 3. instriio, j : aliquem 
 scientia alicujus rei. Quint, prooem. i : 
 cf disciplinae et arte.s, quibus instruimur 
 ad hunc usum forensem, Cic. Ooel. jo : 
 V. TO INSTRUCT. 4. accommodare se 
 ad, to q. oneself for : e.g. for political 
 life and eminent public se)-vice, se ad 
 remp. et ad res magnas gerendas ace, 
 Cic. Off. I, 21, 70 cf. to APPLY (oneself 
 to). 5. proticio, j : used absol. with 
 ad of the thing: there is nothing tha., 
 q.s for speaking so much as writing, 
 nulla res tantum ad dicendum prohcit 
 quantum scriptio, Cic Brut. 24. ||. 
 (Trans.) to confer, or (intr.) to obtain, 
 a legal or technical qualification: expr. 
 by subs, or adj. with do, reddo, facio, 
 habeo : v. the two preced. arts. : cf. to 
 ENTITLE. Ill, To restrict, restrain, 
 
 mitigate, lessen the force of: 1, cir- 
 cumscribe, i : cf. nullis ut tenninis 
 (orator) circumscribataut definiat {q. or 
 limit) Jus suum, Cic de Or. i, 16, 70: 
 cf. " to q. a propositUm " (Atterbury) : 
 
 V. TO LIMIT : TO RF.STRICT. 2. ni6- 
 
 deror, i, dep.: with dat.: to q. erne's 
 language, m. linguae, PI. Cure. 4, i, 25 : 
 cf. animo et orationi m., Cic. Q F. i, i, 
 I J : with ace. : to q. one's joy, gaudium 
 m., i'ac A. 2, 75 : to q. the sei^erity of 
 the laics, duritiam legum m.. Suet. Claud. 
 14: to q. a sound, perh. mddiUor, i, dep. 
 3. tempSro, i : to q. wine (with 
 water), vinum t., Plin. 29, }, 11 : vinegar 
 u-ith honey, acetum melle, id. 14, 17. 21 
 sliarp sounds with flat, acuta cum gra- 
 vibus, Cic. Rep. 6, 18 : the sound of the 
 golden lyre, testudinis aureae strepitom, 
 Hor. Od. 4, J, 18 : v. TO temper; to be 
 q.'d by mixing, misceri et temperari, 
 Cic. Off. J, ?J, 119. 4. dlluo, i : to q. 
 honey with milk and u-ine, (poet.), 
 favos lacte et miti Baccho d., Virg. (i. 
 
 1, ?44 : cf. Hymettia mella Falemo, 
 Hor. S. 2, 2, 16: a medicine with vine- 
 gar, raedicamemum aceto, Ceis. 5, 20: 
 fig. to q. care with plenty of icine, curam 
 multo mero, Ov. A. A. I, 2?8; to q. an 
 accusation, crimen d., Cic. Mil. 27. 5. 
 extenuo, i : to q. an accusation, crimen 
 ext., Cic. Verr. 5, 40, loj. Join: ext. 
 etdil.: cf Cic. i, 16, J4, quae cogitatio 
 molestias ext. et diluit: cf. "to q. in- 
 conveniences" (Raleigh). 6. demi- 
 niio, } : with ace. ; to q. any portion of 
 erne's rights, partem aliquani juris d., 
 Cic. Caecin. 2, 5 : so pass, joined with 
 infirnio; si sentnntia hujus interdicti 
 deminuta aut infirmata sit: with de, 
 and ace. of degree : cf aliquid de Jure 
 aut de legibus dem., Caes. B. G. 7, ii : 
 neque de tanta voluptate et gratula- 
 tione quicquam fortuiia deminuerat 
 {nor uas, etc., q.'d fy any mixture of mis- 
 fortune), id. ib. I, ^j : with ex ; from 
 the fact that the reyal po'ier uas some- 
 what q.'d (in the consular), quod demi- 
 uutum quicquam sit ex regia potestate, 
 Liv. 2, 1. 7. mitigo, 1 : to q. the 
 laws, leges m., Plin. Ep. }, 9 : one's 
 
 fears, metus. Quint. 12, 2, 28: labours, 
 labores, Cic. de Or. ^,4: pains or griefs, 
 dolores, id. Att i, 15 ; sadness and 
 morosene.ss, Join: tristitiam ac se- 
 veritatem mitigat et relaxat, id. de Or. 
 
 2, S8, 2j6: to q. one's anger, iras mit, 
 Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 15 : rabiem suam, Plin. 10,
 
 QUALITATIVE 
 
 Q U A I, I T Y 
 
 QUALM 
 
 6 1, 8j: to q. the bitterness of severity 
 vyith the milk of human kindness, cf. 
 haec severitas acerba viderctiir, nisi 
 niultls coiidimoiitis liamanltatis miti- 
 garetur, Cic. y. F. i, I, 7. 8. lEnio, 
 ivi or li, itum, 4 ■ nuts q. the savour of 
 onions, nuces leniiiiit saporera caoparum, 
 Plin. 2{, 8, •)•). Other sucli verbs may 
 be used, as, paco, placo, sedo, etc.: v. to 
 
 APPKASE, TO ASSUAGE, TO CALM, TO 
 SOFTKN, TO SOOTHK, TO BEDUCE. 
 
 qualitative (o^?'} .- only us«l in 
 chemistry, 7. analysis, i.e. the deter- 
 mination of the kind of substance, not 
 of ils quantity (v. qcantitive): perh. 
 •inilysls (luulltiva or qualitativa, (t. t.). 
 
 Quality (subs.) : I. Abstr. the 
 
 nature w kind of anything ; concr. 
 the jrroperly or properties that determine 
 its nature or kind .- hence, of persons, 
 cliaracter or disposition (these meanings 
 are mingh-d in tlie Latin words) : 1. 
 the etym. equiv. quaiitas, iiiis, /., is 
 only used in the best Ijitiii as a t. t. of 
 philosophy: cf. qualitates igitur ap- 
 pellavi quas TroiorrjTo? Graeci vocant: 
 quod ipsum apud <iraecos mm est 
 vnlgi verbum, sed philosophonmi, Cic. 
 Ac. I, ■), 25, et seqq., as opp. to a thing 
 in its essetice : cf. aut lie substantia con- 
 troversiam esse, aut de qualitate, yuint. 
 }, 6, i9 (cf. esp. 7, 4. 1) : in later writers 
 as a common word ; cf. ager aliis qualita- 
 tibus aestimandus est. Col. 2, 2, 17. 
 Expr. by talis (of such a q.), and quiilis, 
 rel., inter., and indtf.: (that) ne tiatu- 
 rally shew the q.s which we reaUy liave, 
 ut facillime quales simus tales esse vi- 
 deamur, Cic. Off. 2, 1 j, 44 : as depend, 
 interr., tell me vhat are their bodily q.s, 
 doce me quales sint corpora, id. N. I), i, 
 2} : as indef., a thing must ftrst l>e, ami 
 then haiK some q., prius aliquid esse 
 debet, deinde quale esse. Sen. Kp. 117: 
 pi. qualia (the q.s of things, dist. fr. 
 quaiitas, their common principle): cf. 
 Cic. Ac. I, 7. 28, quum Ita inoveatur Ilia 
 
 vis, qnam qualitalem esse diximus 
 
 ilia effici quae appellant qualia (freely, 
 their q.s are developed) : of what q. 
 {adv.), qualiler : of whatever q. (of what 
 q. soever), qualis qualis, 'I'ryphun. Dig. 
 20,5, 12: qualiscunque, Cic. Leg. }, 14: 
 id. Att. 14, 14: of what q. you please, 
 qualislibet, Apic. 4, 2 : cf. sort, such. 
 N.IJ. The proper use of these terms can 
 only be acquired by knowledge and ex- 
 perience. 2. vis, /. (rare in this 
 sense, but e.\pressive : special q. or 
 virtue) : the q. of virttie, v. virtutis, Cic. 
 Fam. Q, 16: cf. in quo est omnis vis 
 amicitiae, id. A. 4, 15 : the q. of mercy 
 is not strained (Shaksp.), "non eluc- 
 tibitur vis mfsericordiae. 3. natura, 
 /. (lit. in-born q.) : the essential q. of 
 life, n. propria animae et vis, Cic. Kep. 
 6, 26 : the qs n-itk nhich J. has endoned 
 bees, naturas apibus quas Juppiter ipse 
 addidil, Virg. G. 4, 140 : the subtle q. of 
 air, n. tenuis aeris, Lucr. 2, 2J2 : pL, 
 qualities (^^endou-ments) ; a man of 
 varied arid manifold q.s, homo varia 
 multiplicique natura, Cic. Coel. 6: cf. 
 nature. Phr. : this q is implanted 
 by nature, hoc natura est insltum, Cic. 
 SuU. JO, 8}. 4. ingfnium, n. (same 
 meaning): the q.s of soils, ingenia ar- 
 vi.nim, Virg. G. 2, 177. Join: lactis 
 ingenia et proprielates, Gell. 12, 1 : esp. 
 of mental and moral q.s : q. of mind, 
 anitni ing., Cic. Inv. i, 45, 8}: / have 
 tried (tested) the q. of your character, 
 tentavi vestrum ingeiiium ingenli (perh. 
 intens redupl., your inmost q.s or na- 
 ture), PI. Stich. I, 2, 69. esp. for high 
 qvalities : men with the most excellent 
 q.s, praestiintissiniis ingeniis homines, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 51 . to be urged (to shew 
 respect to a persoji) by his fine and lofty 
 q.s, solllcitari vel ing. hominis pul- 
 cberrinio et maximo, Plin. Ep. 8, 12. 
 6, Indoles, is, /. (innard gronth) : 
 U8U. in sing. : (what avails) to presmue 
 the q.s of (crops and cattle), ad servan- 
 dam ind.. Liv. j8, 17 : of trees, arborum, 
 GelL 12, I : esp. of character : the q. of 
 virtue, ind. virtutis, Cic. Off. 3, 4. 16; 
 youths of good q.s, adolescentes bona 
 
 indole praediti. Id. de Sen. 8, 26 : chosen 
 for a son-in-law on account of his high 
 qj, gener ob altam Indolem adscitus, 
 Liv. 21, z: (endowed) with such q.s of 
 virtue and vice, cum hac indole virtutum 
 atque vltlorum, id. ib. 4 : pi., bonae 
 animi indoles, Gell. 19, 12. 6. dfis, 
 Otis, /., esp. in pi. (gifts of nature) : 
 physical : the high q.s of grapes, magnue 
 d. uvarum. Col. j, 2, 17: intellectual 
 and moral : v. endowment : gipt. 
 
 7. 8. constitutio, /., proprlgta.s. /., 
 specific qj : v. coN^TiTurioN : i'Kd- 
 perty: kind. 9. vjttus, fiiis, /., 
 
 good q.s of things as veil af jienons : v. 
 virtue. 10, U. babilltas, /., op- 
 portunitas, f., such q.s as fit a thing or 
 person for any special end : Join: 
 omitto opportunitates habilitatesque 
 reliqui corporis, Cic. Leg. 1,9.27. 12. 
 mores, um, m. : of things, m. cocli, Virg. 
 G. 1,51: m. siderum, I'lin. 18, 24, 56: 
 esp. q.s of cliaracter (in persons) : cf. 
 CHARACTER: MANNERS: most agreeable 
 q.s, suavisslmi m., Cic. Att. 16, 16, A: 
 his q.s are so tempered and harmonized, 
 est ita temperatismoderatisquemoribus, 
 id. Fam. 12,27. Join: totam vitam, 
 naturam, nioresque alicujus cognoscere, 
 id. Rose. Am. J8. 13. nota, ,/ ., jirop. 
 a mark by which the q. of a thing (esp. 
 wine, etc.) is hnmvn (fr. nosco) ; hence 
 the q. itself, as we use brand : to enjoy 
 wine of the choicest q., Ijeari interiore 
 nota Falemi (=from the innermost 
 bin). Hot. Od. 2, j, 8 : cf. id. S. i, 10, 21, 
 at sermo Hngua concinnus uiraque 
 Suavior, ut Chio nota si commixta 
 Falerni est (like the mingled q.s of eh. 
 and Fal.) : the frst q. of vine, vini 
 optima n., C!ol. : vinegar of the first q., 
 acetum primae n., id. : hrmey of the 
 second q., secundae n. mel, id. 9, i;. 
 Fig.: ff mental and moral q.s : be- 
 traying the hidden q.s of his miiid, pate- 
 facta interiore animi sui nota. Suet. Til). 
 54 : kindnesses (or services) of no com- 
 mon q., cf. quaedam b<>neficia non sunt 
 ex hac vulgari nota, sed majora, .Sen. 
 Ben. i, 9. 14, I n cognate sense, nomen, 
 inis, n. (a reputation for g.) : cf. nc 
 virmm no. perdat, Cato, R. R. 25. 
 .Join: genus et nomen (poet.): (ea 
 tellus) Nee Baccho genus aut pomis sua 
 nomlna servat, Virg. G. 2. 240. 15. 
 Phr: noq. of, nihil, cither with gen., 
 or with adj.: cf. Cic. A. i, u, 4. nihil 
 come, n. simplex, n. iv tois TroAirtitots 
 honestum. n. lllustre, n. forte, n. Ilberum, 
 (he [Pompey] has no q.s of, etc.). ||. 
 Rank : esp. high social rank, good 
 birth : 1. I6cus, m.. gen. term : a 
 man of the meanest q.. infimo loco natus, 
 Cic. Fl. II: of the highest q., suinino 
 1. II., Caes. B. G. 5, 35 : Liv. i, J4: and 
 without natus ; ex hiimili I., contr. 
 with ad summam dignitatem, Caes. 
 
 2. genus, 6ris, n.: with and with- 
 out natus: cf. ii, qui nobili genere nati 
 sunt, Cic. \'err. k, 70. 180: aniplissimo 
 gen. n., Caes. B. G. 4, i2: of royal q., 
 gen. regio n., Cic. Rep. i, ?}. join; 
 genere et nobilitate facile primus, 
 id. Rose. Am. 6, 15 : Join: et 
 genus ot virtus, nisi cum re, vilior 
 alga est, Hor. S. 2, 5. 8. 3. gens, 
 ntis, /. : persons of high q., quonmj g. 
 eminebat. Curt. 6, 4 : </ mean q., sine 
 gente, Hor. S. 2. 5, 15. 4. nomen, n. : 
 cf. n. habere, Cic. Brut. 69. 5. ordo, 
 inis, m. Join: homo ornatlssimus 
 loco, ordine, nomine, Cic. Verr. 2, i, 48 : 
 tlie q. of afreedman, libertini or.. Suet. 
 Gr. 18: for concrete sen.se, v. order. 
 6. 7. gradus. lis, m. : status, tis, 
 m. : v. degree; Rank, station. 8. 
 claritas, atis, /., with appropriate gen. : 
 cl. nominis. Hist. B. Afr. 22 : el. generis, 
 yuiiit. 8, 6. 7 : cl. natalhiin, Tac. H. 1, 
 49: also cliiritudo faniiliae, Tac. .\.. i?, 
 ?? : also expr. by the culj., a man of the 
 highest q., clarissimus vir. Cic. Att. 15, 
 20 uomai of q., clarissim.ie feminae, 
 Ulp. Dig. I, 9, 8. 9. iiobintas, atis, 
 /. : cf. nobilitate sul rounicipli facile 
 primus, Cic. Rose. Am. 6 : to glorify 
 their q., ad illustrandam nob. suam, id. 
 Brut 16, 62 : for concrete sense, v. 
 
 No. III. — Also expr. by adjt. JQ. 
 nobilis: persons of q., nobili genere 
 nati, id. Verr. 5, 70 : a lady nhuse q. it 
 too well kr.own, mulier non s.>luin nobilis 
 sed etiam nota (an ironical parono- 
 masia), id. Coel. 1 J : cf. noble. U. 
 illustrls: and corap., in the phr., HIub- 
 triore loco natu.'^. Cats. B. G. 6. 19 : oft 
 alone, iw/men of q., feminae illustres 
 Suet. Tib. 45 : lie attended the fumralt 
 of i>-rsons of q., qiionmdam illustrium 
 exseqnia.s usque ad ropuni frequentavil, 
 id. ib. }2. 12. conspicuus : c. femi- 
 nae, Tac. H. 4, 42 : also spectabilis, only 
 as a title under the empire. Cod. Just. 9, 
 27, 5 : but in Vulg./f/r men of high q. (or 
 degree), i Paralip. xvii. 17. I3. h6- 
 nestus : v. honourable. |||, Concrete: 
 the quality : a term formerly used by 
 our best writers, but nnw vulgar: 1. 
 nobilita.s : a follower [or admirer) of the 
 q., nobllitatis fautor, Cic. Rose. Am. 6: 
 cf. superbia commune nobiliiatis malum. 
 Sail. J. 64: with a pi. verb id. ib. 41 : 
 also nobiles : cf. n. nostri. Plm. Kp. 5, 
 17. 2. illustres : used as a title of 
 high ofBeers under the later empire. 
 Also expr. by phrr. with the above ru^. 
 and adjs. -. but this wants the tersenesK 
 of the ime Kng. word. |V. In the 
 opp. sen.se, hnv or mean q. : \. hi- 
 niilitas, atis, /. : h. generis ac nominis. 
 Suet. Vesp. 4 : and alone : cf. h. alici^jus 
 despicere, Cic. Phil, ij, 10, 2j : ohjlcere 
 h. allcui, Liv. 26, }i. Join: propter 
 h. et obscuritalem, Cic. Off. 2, 1 j, 45 : 
 superl., the lowest q. of birth, in&ma h. 
 nataliuni, I'lin. 18, 6. 7 : expr. by adj. -. 
 of low q.. humiles nati, Phaedr. i, 27. 2: 
 cf. ut si parentibus nati sint humilibus, 
 Cic. Am. 19, 70. Join: h. et obscnrl 
 homines, Cic. Div. i, 40, 88 cf Vulg. 
 Luc. i. 52: compar. bumiliores, opp. to 
 opuleiitiores, Hirt. B. G. 8, ;i, ^in. : 
 superl., humillimus homo de plebe, Liv. 
 }, 19. 2. ignohllius, atis, /. ; ign. 
 generis : cf. multis viris fortibus ne 
 ignobilitas objiceretur. Cic. Mur. 8, 17 : 
 absol. Join: malorum turba quaedam, 
 paupertas, ignobilitas, humilitas, id. 
 Tusc. 5, 12, 29. Also expr. by the adj. 
 ignobilis, g: ign vulgus, Virg. Aen. i, 
 149 : o maiden of low q., ign. virgo, Ter. 
 Pli. 1,2, 70; sprung from a family of 
 no mean q., ex aliqna famiUa non igno- 
 bili, Cic. Verr. 5, 11, 28. Also by ign5- 
 tiis (poet.) : you (don't) turn up your 
 nose at men oj low q., (non) naso sus- 
 pendis adunco Ignotos, Hor. .S. 1,6, 5: 
 cf. yuo patre sit natus, uum ignota 
 matre inhonestus, id. ib. 1$. 
 
 qualm (subs.) : a sudden sensation 
 of sickness, loathing, or sickly faintneu. 
 and fig. disgust, aversion \. fasti- 
 
 dium, n., with stomachi. and alone, best 
 gen. term: a hnilhing and q. at the 
 sight of food, (Join) cibi satietas et 
 fastidium, Cic. Inv. i, 17, 15: .so, of 
 disgust, id. de Or. }. 25, 98 : difiBcile 
 dictu est,quaenam causa sit, cur ea quae 
 maxime sensus nostros impellunt volup- 
 tatc, etc., ab lis celerrime fastldio quodam 
 et satietate abalienemur : cf. Plin. 1 2, 
 17, 40, nulla volupt;is eft quae non assl- 
 duitate fastidium [lariat : plur., it raises 
 a great q. in the stomach, magna movel 
 stomacho fastidia, Hor. S. 2. 4, 76 : * Tlie 
 nauseous qualms of ten long months and 
 travail to requite," Drj'den. fr Virg. E. 
 4, 61, Matri longa decern lulerunt lasti- 
 dla menses : to cure a q., f. abigere, Plin. 
 2?, 9, 81 : of a q. caused by the sight qf 
 an object ; 
 ("For who without a qualm bath ever 
 
 looked 
 On holy garbage, though by Hon>er 
 
 cooke<l.'") 
 cf. fig. nosti enim non niodo stomacbi 
 mei, .sed etiam oeulonim. In hominum 
 insolentium Indigniiate, fastidium, Cic. 
 Fam. 2, 16 : to fed a q., f. habere, id. ib. 
 Causing qj:, fastldiosus : cf. est res 
 difficilis, ardu:i, fa.-tldlosa, Plin. 6. 17: 
 with a q. or q.s (advly.) : fastldioea, 
 2. naus^ /. (prop, tea-sickness : 
 V. kausea) . IK made the passage 
 without feeling a q., navlgavimus sine 
 nausea. Cic AtU 5, ij: fig. cf. quotl- 
 6u
 
 QUALM ISH 
 
 QUARREL 
 
 QU AR R Y 
 
 dianatn reflce nauseam nunimis. Mart. 
 
 4, tT'- to feel a q. at, nauseo, i • pro- 
 ducing q.s, nausSosus : naus^abiUs. 3. 
 aocesslo, /. : accessus, us, m. : impetus, 
 us, m. : may be used where the id^a of 
 faintness prevails : as, " Some sudden 
 qualm hath struck me to the heart" 
 (Shaksp.); and "qualms of heart-sick 
 agony" (id.): v. fainting, faintness- 
 P h r. : " / find a cold q. come over my 
 heart" (Hbwel), frigida corda tremunt, 
 Sil. 2, jjg: frigida viiai pausa (Lucr. j, 
 94}), may be used lor a cold avd 
 dfodly q. ^,Fig.:aq. of con- 
 science, conscientiae labes (sinkings): 
 cf. (of a subverter of his country's free- 
 dom) hunc tu quas c. labes in aninio 
 censes babuisse ? quae vulnera ? Cic. 
 Off. J, 21, 8?: perh. also *conscientiae 
 fastidium (by analogy, fr. stomachi and 
 •culorum) : to feel a q. of conscience, 
 morderi conscientia, Cic. Tusc. 4. 20. 
 
 qualinisll : I. Of persons : 1, 
 fastidiosus: Varr. K. R. 2, 5, i;: cf. 
 " Careless and qualmish, with a yawning 
 face " (Dryden) : and expr. by part. : 
 cf. fastidiens stomachus, Sen. Ep. 2. 
 2. nausfiabundus, Sen. Ep. 108, 
 Jin. : subs. naus6ator, m. ; id. Ep. 5 }. 
 3, crudus (q. fr. indigestion : esp. 
 as the consequence of excess) : Hor. S. 
 
 1 , $, 49 : who feeling q. next day gorge 
 themselves again, qui criidi postridie se 
 rursus ingurgiteut, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 2} ; 
 compar. crudior, id. Clu. 60, 128. To be 
 q. at, fastidlo, ivi or ii, Itum, 4 : omnia 
 f., Hor. S. 1,2, 115: olus, id. Ep. i, 17, 15: 
 cactos in cibis, Plin, 21, 16, 57 : so " / am 
 q. at the smell of leek," (Shaksp.), *porri 
 odorem fastidio : sometimes nauseo, i 
 (prop, to be sick) : if he is q. without 
 being sick, si sine vomitu nauseavit, 
 Cels. I , J . Fig. (both in same piece), tu, 
 qui hoc jocorum legere fastidis genus, 
 Phaedr. 4, 6, init. : qui consulto nau- 
 seam (make it their business to be q.), 
 id. ib. fm. : v. squeamish. ||. Of 
 things, causing sickness or disgust : fas- 
 ttdiendus : a q. smell, euphorbiae sucui 
 lastidiendum odorem habet, Plin. 25, 7, 
 j8 ; fastidiosus; nausgosus: nauseabilis. 
 
 qualmisliness : nausfiola, /. .• Cic. 
 Ati. 14, 8 : nausea molestla, Cic. Fam. 
 
 16, 11: V. QUALM ; SQDEAMISHNESS. 
 
 quandary : v. wi.emma .- diffi- 
 
 CCLTV. 
 
 quantitive (older form : Digby) or 
 quantitative (as in q. anaZysis) : 
 *quantitivus or •quantitativus : *ad 
 quantitatem pertinens. 
 
 quantity : I. (Abstr.) the pro- 
 
 perty of (II. concr.) anything which 
 may be conceived of as greater or less : 
 (these senses are common to the Latin 
 equivalents) : 1. quantitas, atis, /. 
 (etym. equiv. : but not usu. the best 
 trans.) : q. by measure or number, q. 
 modi seu numeri. Quint. 7, 4, } : cf. 
 id. 7, 5, 41 : q. of moisture, humoris 
 q., Plin. 17, 24, i7, n. 2 : concr. far 
 a sum of money, Ulp. Dig. 16, 2, 11 : 
 cf. id. ib. JO, I, J4. Also expr. by the 
 adjs. quautus (what q.), quantuscunque, 
 quantusvis, quantusquantus, and the 
 ados, quanto, quantum, etc., and tantus 
 (such a q.), etc. 2. niimerus (a q. 
 made up of distinct units) : a great q. 
 of com, magnus n. frumenti, Cic. Verr. , 
 
 2, 2, 72. 3, magnitiido, Inis, /. ; q. 
 of produce, m. fructuum, Cic. Agr. 2, 
 }$ ■ q. of mmiey. m. pecuniae, id. Kosc. 
 Am. 7 : v. AMOUNT. |||. Absol. fbr 
 a q. definite as to greatness or smaUness : 
 
 i. ailquantus : al. pecunia, Apul. 
 Ap. p. J20, I : esp. aliquantum, n. subs. 
 with part, gen.; al. agri, Cic. Off. i, 10, 
 J} and absol. ; a good q. of work has 
 teen done (answer to a question), actum 
 vero, et aliquantum quidem, Cic. Tusc. 
 
 5, 6, i;: also (of things counted) ali- 
 quot. 2. multus; esp. multum, -a, 
 as 71. subs, aniadits. : v. much : too great 
 a q. (or in too great q.) nimium multa, 
 Cic. Fam. 4, 14 : nimis multa. id. Fin. 
 2, 18. 3. copla, /., a large q.: cf. 
 nimborum c, Lucr. 6, ?ii : v. abund- 
 ance, in large q., coplosus, and adv. 
 coplose : Join; large et copiose com- 
 
 614 
 
 parare pastum, Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 121. 
 4. vis, vis,/. ; alone, v. lacrimarum 
 (a flood of tears). Cic. Rep. 6, 14 : esp. 
 with magna : a great q. {a cUmd) of 
 dust, V. magna pulveris, Caes. B. C. 2. 
 26 : of gold and silver, cf. in pompa 
 quum magna vis auri argentique ferre- 
 tur, Cic. Tusc. 5, i2. 91. And, In the 
 opp. sense, 5. aiiquantvilus (in small 
 q.) : a small q. of corn, aliq. frumeiili 
 numeriis, Hirt. B. Air. 21 ■ esp. n. sulis. 
 wiih gen. partit., a small q. of warm 
 water, aliquantulum aquae tepidae, Suet. 
 Ner. 48 of land, agri, LIv. 21, jo : cf. 
 aeris alleni aliquantulum (a small 
 amount of debt), Cic. Quint. 4, 15. A Iso 
 tantulus, -um- v. i.mLE, smam,: who 
 only wants that small q. which he really 
 needs, qui tantuli eget, quantum est 
 opus, Hor. S. I, I, 59. 6. pauxillum 
 anil pauxilliilum, n. : he had a small q. 
 of money left in my hands, erat ei apud 
 me reliquum pauxillulum numorum, Ter. 
 Phorm. I, I, J. 7. modicus, -um: v. 
 MODERATE. |V. In prosody : no gen. 
 term in good Latin : v. long, short : 
 the grammarians give *mensura: ♦quan- 
 titas. 
 
 quarantine (formerly and prop. 
 quarantain : from the orig. term of 
 forty days) : *quadragenaria, with or 
 without mdra (leaving the cause to be 
 understood as in Eng.) : or, more fully, 
 as defin. only, *mora quadragenaria in 
 statione propter pestem (or, propter 
 suspectam valetudinem) : a tedious q., 
 segnis q. (like segnis mora, Liv. J4, 9). 
 To perform q., *q. agere : to be put in 
 q., *.X;L. dies morari or retineri : (intr.) 
 to put a ship into q., navem retinere, 
 morari (trans.) ; or, more fully, *quad- 
 ragenariam (moram) navl iuferre, im- 
 ponere, facere: to break q., *q. (moram) 
 rumperc (like moram rumpere, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 569). 
 
 quarrel (subs. 0. E. fr. Fr. quad- 
 reau, Ital. quadrella ; called fr. its 
 square form; origin distinct fr. foil, 
 word): |. A small sqiMie or lozenge- 
 shaped pane of glass : expr. by tessella, 
 /. (prop, a small square of stone, Juv. 
 II, IJ2 : Sen. Q. N. 6, ji), or rhombus, 
 m. (the math, fig.. Front. Expos, form. 
 p. j5. Goes., with vitri or vitrea [-us]): 
 a q.'d caseme7it, *fenestra tessellata. 
 II, A square-headed arrow or cross- 
 boiu bolt : *spic(ilum quadratum : v. 
 
 ARROW. 
 
 quarrel (subs. Fr. querellt, fr. Lat. 
 querela = complaint), u.sed in all shades 
 of meaning, from disagreement up to 
 fighting, but now in a narrower sense : 
 I. jurgium, n. ; gen. term (when 
 confined to words) : cf. ex inimicitiis 
 jurgia, maledicta gignuntur, Cic. Am. 
 21 : to fasten a q upon a person, jurgio 
 quenipiam invadere, Tac. H. 2, 55 : cf. 
 petulantibus jurgiis iUudere, id. ib. j, 
 J2: optimum quemque Jurgio lacessere, 
 id. A. 14, 49: to pick a q. with any one, 
 jurgio contendere, and (poet.), Jurgia 
 nectere cum aliquo, Ov. Am. 2, 2, J5 : to 
 pursue vain q.s, cf. (poet.) inania jurgia 
 Jactas, Virg. Aen. 10, 95 : to be involved 
 in a q. and get one's ears boxed: cf. 
 iideo ut (Agrippina) correpta Jurgio, 
 atque etiam manu pulsata a matre Lepi- 
 dae. Suet. Galb. 5. Also, in this sense, 
 altercatio, /'., contentio, /. : v. dispute : 
 WRANGLING. 2. rixa, /. (s'ronger: 
 V. BBAWL, frat) : Join: turba atque 
 rixa (a collision and q. between coun- 
 sel), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, 148 : Join: 
 corrupta jurgiis aut rixis disciplina (q.s 
 or brawls), Tac. H. 2, 27, fn. : to begin 
 a q., in rixam ire. Quint. "6, 4, i j : to be 
 inix)lved in a q., in rixa e.sse, Liv. 40, 
 14 : to have a q. with, alicui rixa est 
 cum aliquo ; cf. Academiae nostrae cum 
 Zenone magna r. est, Cic. Fam. 9, 22 . to 
 suttle or end a q. (peaceably): cf. rixa 
 sedata est, Liv. 2, 29 : to decide a q. (by 
 fighting it out), rixam transigere cf. 
 crebrae, ut inter vinolentos, rlxae, raro 
 conviciis, saepius caede et ^^llneribus, 
 transiguntur, Tac. G. 22 : to produce a 
 q. (said of wine), r. gerere, Hor. Od. j, 
 21, }. We may also use (in dilTerent 
 
 shades of meaning) controversia, dis- 
 cordla, lis (v. debate: disfute), and 
 even pugna (v. fight). Ph r. : to make 
 up a q., reconciliare gratiam, Cic Fam. 
 5,2; concordiam, Liv. 2. J2; araiciiiam 
 de iutegro, id. 8, 2 ; Inimicitiam invi- 
 cem, Tac. G. 22. P h r. to seek a q. 
 with, occasiones quaerere adversum, 
 Vulg. 4 Reg. V. 7 P h r. : to undertake 
 a person's q., se partibus alicujus ad- 
 jungere. See also to quarrel, quar- 
 relsome. 
 
 quarrel ("•): 1. jurgo, 1: act. 
 trans, (to have or make a q. with ano- 
 ther) : pray what q 'mil he have with 
 youf (how can he q. with you on this 
 ground?), cedo, quid Jurgabit tecum, 
 Ter. Andr. 2, ?, i;: also act. intr. and 
 dep. for a mutual q. Also expr. by 
 subs. : Jurgio contendere cum aliquo • 
 I've at last q.'d with my unfe. and 
 turned her out of doors, Euax ! jurgio 
 hercle tandem uxorem abegi ab janua, 
 PI. Men. I, 2, 18. 2. altercor, 1, dep. : 
 with cum: cf I^abienus altercari cum 
 Vatinio incipit, Caes. B. C. }, 19: with 
 inter ; cf. mulierum ritu inter nos alter- 
 cantes. IJv. j, 68 : act., you've q.'d with 
 your father, cum patre altercasti, Ter. 
 Andr. 4, i, 29. 3. rixor, 1, dep.: 
 
 with de of the thing, and cum of the 
 opp. party: cf. quum esset cum eo de 
 amicula rixatus, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 240 : 
 also inter se (tcith one another). 4, 
 discordo, I : with inter se ; lumi d'ye 
 know they've q.'d? qui scis eos nunc 
 disc, inter se ? Ter. Andr. i, i, 41 : 
 Join: inter se dissident atque discor- 
 dant, Cic. Fin. i, ij, 44: with cum, 
 to q. with oneself, secum disc, id. ib. 
 I, 18, 58: with ad versus, cf. adversns 
 ventrem (membra). Quint. 5, 11, 19: 
 with dbl. only, (poet.) cf avaro parous 
 disc, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 194 : ibsol., cf. neu 
 discordarent, PI. Marc. 2, i, 7 We may 
 also use certo, 1 (Jurgiis inter se certare) : 
 decerto, i : conteudo, j : v. to dispute ; 
 to wrangle. 
 
 quarreller: 1. litigator, m.: v. 
 DISPUTANT. 2. rixator, m. (post- 
 
 Aug.), Quint. II, I, 29: V. quarrel- 
 some. 
 
 quarrelling (subs.) : v. quarrel. 
 
 quarrelsome (quarre) ' ous, 
 
 Shaksp.) : 1. Jurgiosus : j. mulier, 
 
 Gell. 1,17: (also, late, jurgatrix, Icis,/., 
 Hieron. Ep. 117, 4) and Jurgatorius: 
 Amm. 27, I. 2. rixosus: r. aves. 
 
 Col. 8, 2, 5 : and rixatorlus. Pronto, 
 Ep. M. Caes. 4, iz : also rixae cupidus. 
 3. litigiosus : 1. disputatio, Cic. F. 
 5, 26: esp. of persons: a man by no 
 means q. (or not at all given to quarrel), 
 homo minime lit., id. Verr. 2, 2. 14 : cf. 
 pertinacissimi et litigiosissimi, Aug. Ep. 
 68 : two old women — there's nothing 
 more q. than that I duae anus, quibus 
 nihil litigiosius, Sid. Ep. 8, ;. Also 
 litium cupidus. 4. discordtosus: a 
 
 q. family, d. domus, Sid. Ep. 6, 2 : cf, 
 volgus seditiosum atque d.. Sail. J. 66. 
 5. pugnax, acis: Cic. Brut. ji,/r!. : 
 Plin. Ep. 2, 19: Join: vehemens et p., 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 78. P h r. : a 5. disposition 
 or temper, controversa natura, Cic. Brut. 
 1 2, 46 : *indoles Jurgiis addicta : *alter- 
 candi or rixaiidi stndium or cupiditas. 
 A person of q. dispoHlion or temper, 
 *altercandi orrixandi stndiosus; *litium 
 cupidus : also expr. by the subs, alter- 
 cator, litigator, rixator: v. conten- 
 tious : disputatious : LrriGiosus : 
 WRANGLING. In a q. spirit (adv.), pug- 
 naclter: cf. certare cum aliis p., Cic 
 Acad. 2, 20: p. dicere, Quint. 9, 4, 126: 
 p. ferire. Sen. Q. N. i, 2, fin. : sup. pug- 
 nacissirae defendere sententiam, Cic. 
 Acad. 2, }. 
 
 quarrelsomeness : pugnacltas, 
 atis,/. : Plin. 10, Ji, 51 : Quint. 4, j, 2. 
 
 quarried : I. Squared (t. «.), 
 
 quadratus v. TO square. ||. Of 
 
 stones, rough, as they come from the 
 quarry, see next art. 
 
 quarry (subs.): |. A thing of a 
 square form, as a pane of glass, an 
 arrow-head: v. quarrel. ||. A place 
 where stones are hewn out of the rock:
 
 Q U A K R Y 
 
 QUA R T E K 
 
 Q U A R T t II 
 
 1, gen. term. ISpiddinap, arum, /. 
 in pi. only (contr. tr. liipiilicld. Fast. 
 s. v.: also, laplcaed., Inscr. Orell. no. 
 124?) : ^i stones of marble are not pro- 
 duced in q., non omnia (marmorum 
 genera) in lapicidinis glgnuntur. I'lin. 
 j6, '7,11: cf. in Chiorura lapicidinis, Cic. 
 Div. I, I}, u. 2. laulvinilae, arum./, 
 (also lattimTae and latumlae : fr. Aoto- 
 (iiat, tlie sUme-qs at Syracuse, used as 
 a prison, Cic. Verr. 5, ^^ : and tbf; name 
 transferred to a prison at llome, lAv. J7, 
 }): used as a conmion 11. only by 
 Plautus, I'oen. 4, 2. ;, vel in I.autumiis 
 vel ill pistrino mavelim agcre actateni 
 quam (rd rather pass my life at the q.s 
 or the mill at furtland or leidim- 
 ville) : witli specif, adj., latoiniae lapida- 
 riae, id. Capt. !. s, 65 Plir. : aquarry- 
 or quarried- sloiw, caementiini, n., {stone 
 rough /rum the q., opp. to /i«i<-n st(met, 
 quadruta saxa), cf Vilr. 2, 7, lapiridinae, 
 de qiiibus quadrata saxa. el cacnien- 
 toruni Md aeilificia exiniuntur copiae: 
 cf. Cic. Mil. I'j, '74: a rough q.- stone, 
 caemintitium sa.xum, id. 2, 8 - walls 
 buill of q.- stimes, caementitiae parietes, 
 id. lb. : cf. c. structurae, id. 2, 7 : an 
 inspector of st'nie-q.s, lapicidinirlus, m., 
 Inscr. Orell. no. }246. |||. Game Jioum 
 at by a hawk, accipitris praeda : and, 
 more gen., praeda: v. prev. 
 
 Quarry (« ) ■■ |. ''<> l- stones: caedo, 
 cScidi. caesiini, } : cf. Cic. \'err. 2, i, 56, 
 147, lapis aliqiiis caedendus et appor- 
 tandus fult macliina sua: also conips. 
 (1). excido, J (to he"' out from the rock) : 
 cf. CSc. Off. 2, !, ex'.r., lapides e terra 
 ex. : Virg. A' n. 1. 428, coluinnas rupihus 
 ex. (2). recido, j : Hor. Od. 2, 18, 4. 
 II To q. upon (game) : in praeilam 
 inv6hl or invOlare: v. to flv upon. 
 
 quarry man : 1. lapfcida (contr. 
 
 fr. lapidicida) ae. in.: Varr. L. L. 8, {j, 
 119, i 61 Sid. Ep. }, 12. 2. ex- 
 emptor, oris, m.: cf. Plin. }6, 15, 12, 
 5 125, niainiora in lapicidinis crescere 
 anctor est Paplrius Fabianus; exemp- 
 tores quoque adfimiant compleri sponte 
 ilia montiura ulcera. 
 
 quart : I. 0- E., the fourth port 
 of anything, quadrans, quarta pars : v. 
 QUARTER. II, A bottle, not neces- 
 sarily holding a q, (" sealM quarts," opp. 
 to " sione jugs," Sliaksp.) : 1. quad- 
 rans (as etym. equiv., though the " re- 
 /luted q." lias not yet dwindled to the 
 equiv. measure, v. No. 111.) : a q. of 
 wine, q. vini. Gels, j, i; : waiter, bring 
 a double q. (m/tgnum) of old port, puer, 
 quadrantem duplica de senlore cado. 
 Mart. 9, 94 (adapted): cf. bottlk. 2. 
 quartarius, m. : all the people brought 
 quarterns of meal and q.s of wine to 
 tiis house, cul universi selibras farri et 
 quartarios vini ad aedes ejus contiilerunt, 
 Liv. 5,47. III. A measure, i-^th of 
 a gallon : duo sextarii (almost exactly) : 
 as a dry measure, the same, or pars 
 octava modii. N.B. the quadrans or 
 quartarius was l-4th of the sextarius, or 
 I -4th of a pint. 
 
 quartan : recurring every fourth 
 day (Honian reckoning = every } 
 days) ; used only of a quartan ague, 
 febris quartana : cf. Cic. N. D. }, 10, 24, 
 tertianas febres et quartanas : Ae 7-e- 
 covered from a q. ague on the field of 
 battle, febri quartana liberatus est in 
 acie, Plin. 7, 50, 51. also, qiiarlana, /. 
 subs. ; the disease has taken tlie quartan 
 type, in q. conversa vis morbi est, Cic. 
 Fam. 16, II : if the shivering q. (or 
 ague) has left the child, frigida si pueruni 
 quartana reliquerit, Hor. S. 2, j, 290: 
 to cure (or, drive away) q. agius, quar- 
 tanas excutere (subj. of the medicine), 
 Plin. 20, 6, 2}, 5 56 : also, morbus quar- 
 tanae 1 suffering from a severe q. ague, 
 morbo quartanae aggravante, Suet. Caes. 
 I : also, quadriiii ciicuitfls tebrls, Plin. 
 7,50, 51: expr. by quarta dies In Juv. 
 9, 17, quern tempore longoTorret quarta 
 dies, olimque d(mie>tioi febris. One irho 
 has a q, cu/ve, qiiai laiiiirius, Schol. Juv. 
 I. c. : cf. agi:k: kk\ ek. 
 
 quarter (.subs.) : |, The fourth 
 
 part of anything : 1, quarta puia 
 
 (gen. term) : o o. 0/ their forces, q pars 
 topiarum, Caes. B. G. i, 12 : also quarta 
 (subs.), esp. o q. of an estate, VulnL 8, 5, 
 19: Ulp. Dig. 5, 2. 8 : (lialf a q., octava 
 pars, Cic. Att. 15, 26) : hence adj. quar- 
 tanarius, cf. q. ubula, Pall. 2, 11. 2. 
 quadrans, tis, m. : (prop. i-4(/t <f some 
 unit of measure or weight) . «.ilh gen., 
 cf. q. diei nocllsque, Plin. 18, 25, 57 . a g. 
 of the work, q. operis. Col. 2. 4 : absol. ( the 
 unit being understood) . a q. of a foot : 
 11^ feet, pedes Xll. et quadrantem, tiell. 
 }, 10: a q. of a pint (sextarius). cf. Mart. 
 9, 94, quadrantem (vers. 2) = sex cya- 
 thos (vers. 4) : a q. of an acre, q. (so. 
 jugeri), Col. $, I : a q. of a pound -. cf. 
 mittebas libram ; quailraniem, Garrice, 
 mittis, Mart. 12, 105 (here of money, 
 you promised a pound, and you only 
 send a q.) : with pijndo (for weight), 
 i lb. of tmlsam, aniomi pondo q.. Col. 
 12, 20 ? heir to a q. (of any estate), heres 
 ex quadrante. Suet. Caes. 8? : (so, lieir 
 to J q.s, heres ex dodrante, Cic. Caec. 
 6). Hence adj. quadranialis, a table 
 aq. of a .loot thick, meiisa cra-ssitudiiie 
 qiiadrantali, Plin. 1}, 15, 29. 3. 
 
 Vitruv. alone uses ilie'ik. tetrans, amis, 
 m. (T€Tpa? = quadrans): Vitr. ?, J, med. : 
 gi-n. pi. heterocl , telrantorum, ib. te- 
 iranles columiiarum. Id. 4, 2. 4, 
 
 The Vulg. uses angi'ilus, m. (for the 
 sides or edges of a gannenl) : thou Shalt 
 maliC thee fringes upon the four q.s 
 (Heb. xvings) of thy lesture, per IV. 
 angiilos pallii tui, Ucut. xxii. 12.— Par- 
 ticular uses:— (i.) a q. of com ( = 8 
 bushels), frnmenti LXIV. mcKlii (the 
 modius = I peck, about) : u q. <f wheat. 
 tritlci LXIV. m. (cf. tritici modius, Cic. 
 Div. Verr. 10, ?o): (>o much) per q., HS. 
 — in niodlos I, XIV. (cf. HS. 11. in modius 
 singulos. Id. ib.). (ii.). A q. of an hour, 
 horae quadrans • three q.s of an hour, 
 horae dodrans, Plin. 2, 14, 11 : a q. past, 
 or to (a certain hour) (subdivisions not 
 used by thf Romans); perh. expr. thus, 
 aq past 12, 'hora VI. et quadrans, or 
 q. horae VII.; a q. to three, *dodrans 
 horae l\. (iii.) A q. (of a year), spa- 
 tium trimestre, Plin. 17, 10, 59. (trim, 
 also as ailj., a q.'s pay, etc. : v. quar- 
 terly): also, tres menses, quarta pars 
 anni, and quadrans aniii three q s of a 
 year, dodrans anni, novein menses: a 
 year and a q., annus et tres menses : 
 every q., tertio quoque mense : every j 
 q.s, nono quoque mense. (iv.) A q. of 
 the body of an animal, (perh.) niem- 
 brum, artns; in pi. with quiituor, if 
 necess., or *quatuor partes (siiig. quarta 
 pars) corporis v. to quarter, (v.) 
 The first and third q.s of the moon : 
 (N.B. prop, said of the J's position in 
 her orbit, not of her phases): no gen. 
 class, term except luna dividua, Plin. 2, 
 18, 16: (terms somewhat indefinite), 
 the moon in her. first q., cava liina, Plin. : 
 1. crescens, id. : 1. nascens, Hor. : in Iter 
 last q., 1. decrescens, Plin. : 1. si>nescens, 
 Varr. : v. quadrature : phask. ||. 
 In geography and meteorology, a q. of 
 the heavens or horizon (prop, the 4 
 cardinal points, but extended to " all 
 the q.s that they know 1' the sliipman's 
 card," Shaksp.) hence gen. of geogra- 
 phical position or distribution : 1. 
 Expr. the several q.s by names taken 
 from the daily course of the .'^un and 
 (for the N.) the aivtic cotistellations : cf. 
 Mela, 1,1: omne, cui Mundi et Coeli 
 nomen indidimus. . . .partibus diftert : 
 unde (the q. v hence) sol oritur Oriens 
 nuncupatur aut Onus; quo demergitur, 
 Oceidens vel 0< casus ; qua decurrit, 
 Meridies; ab adversa parte (the opp. q.), 
 Septemtrlo ; cf. ib. fm. (of the } q.s of 
 the world, Africa, Europe, and Asia), 
 quod terrarum (that q. of the world 
 which) : more gen., on } q.s or sides, tri- 
 bus banc (Asiam) e partibus tangit 
 Oceanus, id. 2, init.: cf. «b oriente ad 
 (xx;identem, Cic. N. 0. 2, 66 : oriens, tis, 
 m., also for different q.s the q. where 
 the sun rises in summer (at the sol- 
 stice), oriens aestlvus. Plin. 17, 14, 24: 
 cf. Orientem solstltialem asplclant, 
 Pallad. I, 9 : in winter, oriens blbeniiis, 
 
 I Col. 1,6. tn spring (at the vernal equi- 
 nox). oriens vcrnus, Gell. 2, 22 : so with 
 
 I oceidens: let it be turned a liltU a" ay 
 
 fr. the q. of the winter sunset, paululum 
 ab occldente avertatur hieniali. Pallad. 
 
 I I, 8: for the .y. q. (besides niiridies, ii, 
 m.), use adj. : the, S.q.ofthr. world, merl- 
 dianus orhle, Plin. ij, 4, 9: also r. inf. 
 tv. East, North, South, Wekt). 2. 
 Expr. by the names of the Winds (see 
 sep. arts, and .Smith's Class. Diet. s. v. 
 Venti) ■ the Vulg. uses venti as a gen. 
 term ; in 4 quarters were the porters, 
 etc., per IV. ventos erant ostiaiii, id est, 
 ad orientem, et ad occidentem, et a(> 
 aquiloneni et ad austrum (cf. " To Uie 
 four icinds, four speedy cherubim." — 
 Milton). As gen. terms use : 3r 
 pars, tis, /. : for what we call a q. of 
 the world : cf. Mela, I. c. 8. No. 1 : cl. 
 Varr. R. R. i, 2, 4 : qaum orbis terrae 
 divisus sit in duas partes (into 2 (JJ) 
 ab Eratosihene, maxime secundum 
 naturam nd merldiim versus et ad 
 septentriones : et sine dubio quoniam 
 salubrior pars septentrionalis quam 
 meridiana (the If.ern q. is healthier than 
 the S.em) : (N.B.— More speciiii-ally, lllm 
 pars^Asia, and haec pars=Europa, 
 ib.) — (of aspect) the land (or <i field) 
 which looks to the S.em q. of the lieaivru, 
 ager qui spectat ad meridianam coell 
 partem, id. i, 7 : fr. all q.s, rx omnibus 
 p., lb. : cf. meridianam partem respiciat, 
 Pallad. I, 8: in calidis provinclis pars 
 piitius S<ptemtrionis opianda est (a .V. 
 uspect), id. ib. 7 : more gen. (the Helvetil 
 are b'junded) on the one q., etc., una ex 
 pane, altera ex parte, tertia, Caes. B. Q. 
 I, 2. 4. rfgio, onis, /. (direction): 
 (the Nile) rising from the furthest mt'd- 
 day q. (i. e. the extreme S.), exorieng 
 penitus media ab regione diei. Lucr. 6, 
 724 : the y.em q., the .S.em a., regie 
 aqnilonaris, australis, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 
 ./in. : fr. the Km to the W.m q.s of the 
 earth, expr. poet, by surgente a sole ad 
 eum quo vespertiiia tepet regio, Hor. S. 
 I, 4, jo: the q. within the arctic circle, 
 regiones inter circulum septenirionalem 
 (^ea parte. Just below), Varr. 1,2,4: 
 (perh.) for a q. of the vorld (Africa) : 
 deinde late vacat regio (or the particular 
 q. of Africa in question), Mela, i, 4, 
 med. : (in wider sense) neu ngio foret 
 ulla suls animantibus orba (any q. of 
 the earth), Ov. M. i, 72 : more specific- 
 ally of a di«(rict ; that .Macedonia should 
 be divided into 4 q.t, M. in IV. regiones 
 dlvidi, Liv. 45, 29 v. district : tract : 
 esp. a q. (or w<ard) of Rome (v. I>lct. of 
 Geog. art. Roma), and some other cities, 
 Inscr. Orell. No. 6 (vicus, m.also in thlB 
 sense, Cic. Mil. 24,64: v. ward: street): 
 in or through all q.s of the city : reglon- 
 atim (adv.): cf. regionalim c<.>mmercii« 
 Interruptis, I,iv. 45, jo: (edidit) ludos 
 regionatim Drbe tota. Suet. Caes. J9. 
 vicatim (adv.): Suet. Caes. 41, med.: 
 Sen de Ira, j, 18: a city divided into 
 4 q.s (or iiarJ.":), quadrifariam urbs 
 divisa, Liv. : through the civnded or 
 most frequented q.s.per frequentia urbls 
 loca. Sen.: also vicinia, /., a particular 
 q. (of a city): Hor. S. 2, 5, 106: id. Ep. 
 I, 16, 44: Petron. 9?: weJl-ktiown 
 t/irough all that q., baud ignotus vicl- 
 niae,"Liv. 5. plaga,/. (M. a surface, 
 and used esp. for a zone), the .V. q. of 
 the world (In general), p. septontrionalis. 
 Plin. 16, J2, 59: the inhabitants of the 
 S. q. (=S. hemisphere), omnibus In 
 meridiana plaga habitantibus, id. 2, 11, 
 8 a q.of the heavens, cf. coeli scrut- 
 antur placras. Poet. ap. Cic Div. 2, i} : 
 the 4 winds from the 4 q.s of heaven, 
 IV. ventls a IV plagls coeli. Vulg. .ler. 
 xlix. j6 : (of a district of country) cf. 
 haec est plaga contra mare, ad ocd- 
 dentem. id. Josh, xviii. 14. N.B. The 
 Vulg. also usesanciilu8(in class, writers 
 only for a secluded place : cf. llle ter- 
 runim mlhi praeter omnes angulus 
 ridet, Hor. Od. 2, 6, 14) the nations in 
 tlie 4 q.s of the earth, geiites quae sunt 
 super 1 V. angulos terrae, Rev. xi. 8 : 
 cf. vidi IV. angelos stantes super IV. 
 angulos terrae, tenentes IV. ventoe 
 615
 
 QUARTER 
 
 QU ARTE R 
 
 QUARTERED 
 
 terrae, Id 'ii. i. 6. 18cus, i, to. : 
 osu. in pi. 16ci, \6ca : to gather into (me 
 q., in unum locum conveniie, Cic. Att. 
 8, 6 : throuyh all q.s of the city, Romae 
 per omnes locos, Sail. j. jo : cf. Galli qui 
 ea loca incolerent, Caes. B. G. 2, 4 : in 
 those q.s, in illis locis. Vulg. Act. xvi. j, 
 xxviii. •). 7. oi'a. /■ Join: qua- 
 cumque in era ac parte terrarum. Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 66 • poet., re.\ gelidae orae, Hor. 
 I, 26, 4 : {of aspect), to what q.s shrubs 
 ou{iht to be exposed, qiias in oras (arbusta) 
 debeant spectare, Plin. 17, 2, 2. 8. 
 fines, ium, m. and /. ; v. bordeb : ter- 
 RrroBT: nor in all thyq£,Tiec in cunctis 
 finibus tuis, Vulg. Ex. xiii.7. 9. terra, 
 f., in pi. ; cf. in quascunque terras, Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 4 : esp. as gen. partit. : that q. 
 of the world which, quoii terrarum, Mela, 
 I. c, in No. 1 : cf. No. 10. IQ. Expr. 
 by the pron. advs., eo, quo ; ibi, ubi ; 
 jnde, unde, etc., alone, or with terrarum 
 or gentium (sometimes loci and -orum), 
 as gen. partit. : (many exs. of the 
 simple advs. in phrr. trans, by tlie Eng. 
 advs.) : to Rome or to any other q., 
 Romam aliove quo, Liv. jg, jo; to what 
 q., quo gentium, PI. Bac. 4, 7, ;j ; quo- 
 cunque, Hor. Od. i. 7, 25; Cic. Verr. 5, 
 65 • to whatever q. of the world, quoquo 
 gentium, PI. Merc. 5, 2, 17: cf. quoquo 
 hinc asportabitur terrarum, certum est 
 persequi, Ter. Ph. j, j, li: from, what 
 q., unde gentium, PI. Epid. j, 4, 47 : in 
 vihat q. (coUoq., where in the world), cf. 
 ubi terrarum esses, ne suspicabar qui- 
 dem, Cic. Ait. t, 10: in whatever q., 
 ubicunque, Hor.Od. j, 27, l? : ubicunque 
 locorum viviiis, id. Ep. i, ?, 54: ubi- 
 cunque erit gentium, Cic. N. D. i, 44, 
 121 : qui ubicunque terrarum sunt, id. 
 Phil. 2, 44, II J: in v^hatever q. of the 
 tuide world. Join, ubicunque terrarum 
 et gentium violalum Jus civiuni l!o- 
 manorum sit, id. Verr. 5, 5;, 14?: in 
 what q. of the world are ue living f 
 ubinam gentium sumus.' id. Cat 1, 4, 9: 
 in no q. of tlie ivorld. nusquam gentium, 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 2, i : to whatever q. you please, 
 quovis gentium, id. Heaut. 5, i, 55: you 
 dwell in a remote q., tu abes longe gen- 
 tium, Cic. Att. 6, } : from every q., 
 undique . cf. omnes undique copiae con- 
 feruntur, Cic. Rep. j, 17 ; they came to 
 him from every q., conveniebant ad eiim 
 undique, Vulg. Marc. i. 4; : to collect 
 from all q.s, undique cogere (familiam), 
 Caes. B. G. I, ^. from what q. soever, 
 undecimque : in tmesi ; poet. ; unde 
 vacefit cunque locus, Lucr. 6, 1016 • cf 
 undecunque moti sunt (fiuctus). Sen. 
 Vit. Beat. 27, med. : with gentium, unde- 
 cunque gentium venissent, Vop. Firm 
 14: expr. also by adjs. : Phr. : iior 
 could the wind blow from any q. so as 
 to prevent, neque uUus flare ventus' 
 poterat, quin, Caes. B. C. ;, 47. Expr. 
 by the persons in the q. : ivhile hepassed 
 through all q.s, dum pertransiret uni- 
 verses, Vulg, Act. ix. J2 : and so with 
 prop, names. Note, in the sense of 
 direction the Vulg. uses via ; every one 
 to his q., unusquisque in viara suam er- 
 raverunt. Is. xlvii. 15 (cf. id. Ivi. 11). 
 
 III, Hence abode, lodging, station 
 (very rare in sing.) : v. quarters. 
 
 IV. The grant of life to a am^ 
 quered enemy: no specific word: the 
 foil, may sometimes serve : 1. salus, 
 titis, /. : cf. they ask q., and, laying 
 down their arms, throw themselves on 
 the general's protection, *ab eo salutem 
 petunt : armis positis ad imperatoris 
 fideni confugiunt. 2. mlssio, onis,/. 
 (letting go) .- they fought, neither asking 
 nor giving q., sine missione pugiiatum 
 est, Flor. ?, 20, fin. : a gladiatorial 
 show without q. {a outrance), specta- 
 eulum sine missione, Liv. i, 20 and, in 
 secondary sense, to grant q. to (^let 
 ofD : cf. missionem puero dedit, Petr. 
 52. 3. Vila,/.: to grant q., vitam 
 dare, Ov. (cf Cic Phil. 2, j, 5) : to beg or 
 cry for q., vitam orare, VIrg. : v. poscere, 
 Ov. : pro vita orare (Phaedr.) or sup- 
 plicare to receive q., v. accipere : cf. 
 cum libentius vitam victor jam daret, 
 quam victi acciperent, Veil. 2, 51. 4, 
 
 6l6 
 
 venla,/. (pardon) : cf. paucis data venia, 
 qui inermes in deditionem venerunt 
 (q. being given to a few who thren' down 
 their aiins and asked it, Liv. 2, ;o) : cf. 
 veniam impetrare a victoribus, id. 57, 
 4; : tt is but fair that one who cries for 
 q. should grant it in his turn, aequum 
 est veniam poscentem reddere rursus, 
 Hor. S. I, J, 7; (adapted): and in 
 secondary sense of forbearance (as, to 
 give ru) q. to a crime) : cf. cui nom apud 
 Senatum maximorum scelerum venia ad 
 ignoscendum duci possit, Cic. Pis. 41, 
 98. 5. deditio, onis. /. (surrender, 
 capitulation), witli suitable verbs : to 
 ask for q., in d. venire, Liv. I. c. No. 4, 
 d. facere (hosti). Sail. : to grant q., in d. 
 accipere, Caes. B. G. i, 28 : recipere, id. 
 ib. J, 21. 6. To give or grant q. : 
 parco, pgperci (parsi), parcitum (par- 
 sum) }, alicui, or vitae alicujus- cf. p. 
 subjeclis, Virg. Aen. 6, 854 : cf. petunt 
 atque orant ut sibl parcat, Caes. B. G. 
 
 6, 9 : to give no q., nemini p., Curt. : cf. 
 non aetate confectis, non mulieribus, 
 non infantibus pepercerunt, Caes. B. G. 
 
 7, 28. The exclamation. Quarter ! 
 *parce ! parcite ! (by analogy). 7. 
 Other Phrr. : (i.) To ask for q., manus 
 dare : cf. manus vobis do, PI. Pers. ;, 2, 
 72: cf. aut vicissent, aut victi manum 
 dedissent. Nep. Ham. i : manum tol- 
 lere (to lift up the hand in sign of sur- 
 render) : cf. cedo, et toUo manum. Cic. 
 frag, in Lact. j, 28 : manus tendfire : cf. 
 ad legates atque exercitum supplices 
 manus tendunt, Caes. B. C. 2. 11 : cf. 
 (fig.) vobis supplex manus tendit patria 
 communis, Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 18 . to cry for 
 q. while still unhurt, cf. partim inter- 
 ficiuntur, partim integri procunibunt, 
 Caes. : (ironicijlly) till he cries for q. 
 with vplifted hands, donee " Ohe jam i " 
 ad coelum manibus sublatis, dixerit, 
 Hor. S. 2, 5. 96. (ii.) To give q. : he 
 granted q. to the rest, a ceteris abstinuit, 
 Liv. (iii.) To give no q., nemiuem 
 vivum relinquere, id. : no q. was given, 
 non in proeliis temperatum est, id. : 
 Phrr. with caedo, caedes. internecio: 
 he urged his soldiers to kill and give 
 
 j no q., orabat insisterent caedibus, Tac. 
 
 I A. 2, 21 : no q. being given, omnibus 
 cacsis, Liv. : as q. ivas given neither to 
 
 I age nor sex, promiscua omnium generum 
 
 ' caede, id. 2, Jo : 710 q. rvas givei to a 
 single man, ad intemecionem caesi sunt, 
 id. 9. 26 : they fought without q. on 
 either side, armis inter se ad inler- 
 necionem concurrerunt. Suet. Otb. 12. 
 
 quarter (v.), also the subs, in )ihrr. 
 = verb : |, 'fo divide into 4 parts, 
 or q.s (and sometimes indef = to :'art : 
 cf. to DivroE : to cut . to cleav e, etc.) : 
 expr. by verbs of these meanings, usu. 
 with in IV. partes, quadrlfariam, adv., 
 or quadrlfidus (adj.). as : A. In gen. 
 sense ; 1. divido, visi, visum, i : qua- 
 drifariam div. : cf conjurati quadrlfa- 
 riam se diviserunt, Liv. 38, i • in IV. 
 partes div. (like Gallia in III. partes 
 divisa est, Caes. B. G. i, i : vicus in II. 
 partes flumine dividebatur, id. ib. j, i) : 
 cf qui (fluvius) inde dividitur in IV. 
 capita, Vulg. Gen. ii. 10: cf. diviserunt 
 sibi (among them) vestinienta mea, 
 Vulg. Ps. xxi. 9 (xxii. 18), compared 
 with id. Malt, xxvii. 35 ; Marc. xv. 24 ; 
 Luc. xxiii. J4; Job. xix. 2;. et fererunt 
 IV. partes. 2. dispertio. ivi or ii, 
 itum, 4, to q. in the way of distribution : 
 (and sometimes the simple partio) : cf. 
 epulas trifariam semper, interdum qua- 
 drlfariam dispertieb?t. Suet. Vit. 13: 
 (fig., to divide into 4 Heads), cf ea quae 
 ad mortales pertinent quadrilariam dis- 
 pertirem, in homines, in loca, in tem- 
 pora, in res, Varr. in Non. 92, 16. 3. 
 distril)iio, iii, utum, } . in IV. partes 
 dist. (like reliquugi populum distribuit 
 in V. classes, Cic. Rep. 2, 22 : copias in 
 lII.paries,Caes. B.G. 6, 32: cf No. U). 
 B. By violent action- to cut. cleave, 
 tear, etc., into q.s : Esp. to q. the human 
 body, and usu. as a mode of execution : 
 (including the gen. seme of cutting up, 
 or tearing limb from limb : cf. to dis- 
 member). 1. scindo, soldi, scissum. 3 : 
 
 he cleft the oak into 4 q.s uHth wedges, 
 quadrifidam quercum cuneis scindebat, 
 Virg. Aen. 7, 509 : cf. Vulg. Job. xix. 
 2i, non scindamus eam (tunicam) : also 
 comp. discindo. Also findo, 3 ; and 
 comp. diffindo. 2. s6co, iii, ctum, i. 
 Join, to q. and divide among them the 
 body, secare atque partiri corpus (of a 
 debtor to several creditors), Gell. 20, I : 
 comp. disseco (like, multos medios dig. 
 Suet. Cal. 27 ), and gen. expr. by verba 
 signifying to cdt cf. corpus in partes 
 (IV.) concidere, Petron. 141, 2. 3. 
 divido, 3. Jo i n : si onme animal secari 
 ac dividi potest (cat up and q.'d), Cic. 
 N. D. 3, 1 2 . (adapted) : to chop into 
 4 q.s, quadrlfariam aliquem securi div. 
 (by analogy to Hor. S. I, i, ico. at 
 himc liberta secnri divisit medium). 
 4. distraho, xi, ctum, 3 : esp. of 
 the case of Mettius Fufetius (though, 
 strictly, he was halved, not q.'d, but the 
 idea is exactly parallel): v. Liv. i. 28, 
 and Varr. in Non. 287, 22 : your body 
 shall be severed into q.s, corpus passim 
 distrahendum dabis, Liv. I. c. ; to q. a 
 criminal and expose the q.s : cf. in 
 partes duas [substitute IV.] distractum 
 ab utroque viae latere posuit. Sen. de 
 Ira, 5, i6,^B. Join; membra divellere 
 ac distrah., Cic. SuU. 20, ad fin. 5. 
 diripio, iii, reptum, 3, to tear in q.s : 
 cf. Pentheum diripuisse aiunt Bacchas, 
 PL Merc. 2, 4. i : cf. Sunt membra viri 
 manibus direpta nefandis, Ov. M. 3, TJI. 
 6. discerpo, psi, ptum, 3, to tear 
 a person into q,s, aliquem. Liv. i, 16: 
 a carcass, cadaver, Suet. Doui. 15 : a 
 bird, avem, id. Caes. 81 : cf membra 
 gruis, disc, Hor. S. 2, 8, 86. Join (fig.), 
 animus nee secerni nee dividi nee di»- 
 cerpi nee distrahi potest. Cic. Tusc. t, 
 29. 71. 7. lacfiro, I : to q. slowly limb 
 by limb, paulatim et per singulos artus 
 lac. Sen. de Ira, 3, 18: and dilacero: 
 also l&nio, i, and dilanlo (to rend in q.s, 
 rare). 8. destrtHo, i,to q.limbftom 
 limb (very rare) : (fig.) PL Capt. 3, 4, 
 108 : cf id. ib. ;, 5, 14. 9. excarni- 
 fico, I (rare) : (3c. N. D. j, 33, atl Jin. : 
 Suet. Vit. 17 ; ||, Trans. : to pro~ 
 vide q.s for (a peison, army, etc.), intr. 
 to take up one's q.s tvith, to be q.'d ujnm : 
 v. quarters. Ill, In heraldry : to q. 
 arms .- A. of the herald, *iiisignia per 
 scutum ordinare, dividere, dispoinre, 
 partiri: B. of the bearer, * insignia 
 sumere ; sibi accommodare ; in scutum 
 suum reponere. 
 
 quarter-day: 1. Expr. by the 
 specific date in each case : Lady-day 
 (March 25), *dies annunciation is (med. 
 Lot.), or a. d. V^III. Kal. ApriL : Mid- 
 summer-day (June 24), *dies summae 
 or mediae aestatis (v. snosuMsiEB), *d. 
 S. Johannis Baptistae, or a. d. VIII. KaL 
 Jul. : Michaelmas-day (Sept. 29), *die8 
 S. .Michaelis, or a. d. III. Kal. Octobr. : 
 Christmas-day (Dec. 25), *(Christi, expr. 
 or und.) dies natalis; *(L)omini) nata- 
 litia: a. d. VIII. Kal. Jan. 2. perh. as 
 gen. teirti : *dies (terminus) trimestris* 
 v. term. 
 
 deck : puppis, is, /., best word 
 
 in the few cases in which it may be 
 necessary, use some epithet to distin- 
 guish q.-d. and poop : cf. celsa puppis 
 Virg. Aen. 4, 554: ib. 10, 261. 
 
 master : I. in the army : 
 
 castrorum melator, Cic. Phil. 11, 5: 
 rationis castrensis tabiilanus, Inscr. 
 II. In the navy (no genuine Lat 
 equiv.) : perh. "praefectus cavemae (or 
 -is) : v. HOLD, No. II. 
 
 sessions: •conventus (juri- 
 
 dicus) trlmestris (sing, and pi.) : v 
 sessions. 
 
 staff: fustis, is, m., seems best: 
 
 V. cudgel ; perh. baculum, n. (or, -us, 
 m.): V. staff: stick: to fight, play, or 
 strike with a q.-s., fusti batiiare (rare). 
 Suet. Cal. 32 and 54. 
 
 quarterage : « quarterly aUowarux 
 or payment : * pensio trimestris : v. 
 
 quarter : QUARTEKLV. 
 
 quartered (a'O) •■ I. Divided into 
 quarters: 1. quadrifidus: stafce.'s (?.'<4 
 q. sudes, Virg. Q. 2, 25 : also quadri-
 
 QUARTERING 
 
 QUA RTERS 
 
 QUA RTERS 
 
 purtitus, Tac. A. i?, jq ; id. H. 5, 20; 
 and quadrjlarius : cf. qiiartk.ri.v. 2. 
 (of the human body) distractus : cf. 
 turbatis distractiia equis (of Hipp^lytus, 
 but may be used more gen.), Virg. Aen. 
 7, '•,6^ : also other particips. : v. to yu ar- 
 TEB. II, Lodged (of guests and troops) : 
 V. QUARTERS. |||. In heraldry : v. 
 
 TO QUAKTEH, No. 111. 
 
 quartering {suhs.) .- |. a dimsion 
 (or dividiny) hilo four parts : quadri- 
 partitio, /. Varr. L. L. 5, I, $ 11 : qua- 
 driRrla di»I.sTo : v. yUAUTKRi.v. For 
 the q. of the human IhhIij (ai in an 
 execution), we may use the more gen. 
 term laniatio, _/'. ; beheadings (or hang- 
 ings) and q.s, caedes hominum et lanla- 
 tlones. Sen. Clem. 2, 4 : cf. stctio et par- 
 titio corporis huniaiii, Gell. 20, I : also 
 expr. by the vnbs given in to vuartrk. 
 II. Of guests: reCcplTo,/. : of troops, 
 deductio,/. .- cf. in oppida niilitum de- 
 ductio (where perh. settling as colonists 
 is meant), Cic. I'liil. 2, 25, 62: v. quar- 
 ters. III. <^utt/to-in.9S (in heraldry): 
 "insignia *sculi partes: a gentleman 
 of 16 qaarlrrs, 'nubilis in scuto XVi. 
 partes gerens. 
 
 quarterly (a-y.) .- |, Containing 
 a quai-ter : or, consisting of, or divided 
 into, ^ parts. 1, Gen. qiiadripartitus: 
 the q. diavges of the seasons, conimuta- 
 tiones tcmporum q., Cic. Tusc. i, 28, 68: 
 also, qnadrifarius : cf. q. divL^io, Cass. 
 Varr. j, 51 : nUo, quadrifidus : tf. (fig.) 
 q. labor, Claud. Cons. I'robr. et Olybr. 
 268. 2. specific Ciise : containing a 
 q. of a year: trimestris: trimesire spa- 
 tium (aperiod oftliree months), I'lin. i^, 
 10, 59. II, Kerurring every q. of a 
 year : * tertio quoque meiisc (by ana- 
 logy) : or rather, according to the Latin 
 computation, * quarto quoque mense 
 (every 4tii month, i. e. at llie end of 
 every three) ; al.so perh. trimestris : a q. 
 account or settlement of money, * ratio, 
 computatio, trimestris: *ratio tertio quo- 
 que mense c«nfecta : a q. payvvnt, i. e. 
 (1) a q.'s pay, "quarta parsannuae raer- 
 cedis : (2) a sum to he paid q.. pensiones 
 triraestre8(Ai.) : *p(cmiia tertio quoque 
 mense solvenda, or quolibot spalio tri- 
 mestri (At.), or tertio quoque mense. 
 
 quarterly (ati>') •• I. in gen. sense, 
 t/y quarters: (luadrifariura (v. supi'a) ; 
 quadrifariter. Paul. Dig. 38, 10, 10, $ 14: 
 quadrlpartito, Col. 4. 26, ;. ||. Every 
 three numths : "quarto quoqtie mense 
 (like qtiinto quoque anno, eiieri/ four 
 years : Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56) : to make up 
 an account q.ly, quarto po.'-l mense ra- 
 tionem duciure (cf. PI. Am. 2, 2, j8); 
 or, ducere, Cic Verr. 2, 2, 52 ; or, inire, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 71 (cf. id. ib. 6, 19, the ace. 
 is made up, ratio liabetur) : to render, etc., 
 quarto post mense r. reddere, Fl. Men. 
 I, J. 2j ; referre. Cic. Verr. 2, i, J9; 
 rationes referre, id. ib. 5, 24. 
 quartern ; a measure of capacity : 
 I. of liquids : i-4th of a pint (_— a 
 gill): 1. quartarius, ?ii. (1.4th of the 
 sexlarlus, which was almost a pint, v. 
 Diet, of Antiq.): a q. of wine, q. vini, 
 Liv. 1;, 47. 2. quadrans, antis, m. : 
 q. vini, Cels. j. i?. ||. (if solids: 
 (1) ofjlour (=: i-4tU of a peck, by mea- 
 sure, or i-4ih of a stone, i. e. ;{ lbs. 
 by weight), quartarius farris, Plin. 18, 
 J, i (the etym. e<iuiv. in the sense of 
 a quarter of the unit understood) : more 
 exactly (as equiv. measure) "quadrans 
 modii, or "quarta pars niodii : (2) a 
 quartern loaf (= 4 lbs. of bread), pftnis 
 quadrilibris: cf PI. Aul. 5, 2. 
 
 quarters (a pi. indef ) : an abode 
 or lodging (csp. temporary) : |. Gen., 
 of a guest, lodger, etc. : 1, hospitlum, 
 n., most gen. term: to give any one qs., 
 provide qs. for him (or him with qs.), 
 put him in qs., alicui h. praebere : you 
 shall hare qs. here in my house, hie apud 
 me h. tibi praebebitnr, PI. Poen. 5, 2, 
 9}: alicui h. pararo : cf. I'iliae paratum 
 est b., Cic. Att. 14, 2 : allquem hospitio 
 actipere : tve'll give you country qs., te 
 in Arpinati vi(1el>imus, et hospitio agresti 
 accipienms, id. ib. 2, 16 : Of!, at the sea- 
 tide, maritimum h., ib. : (humorously) 
 
 I'll be provided with as. at the public 
 cost {the govemmeid 11 find me qs.), 
 hospitio publicltus acclpiar, PI. Aul. i, 
 I, 8 (i.e. In carcere, ib. j) : also re- 
 cipgre : cL domum ad se quisque cupi- 
 dissime rec , Caes. B. C. 2, 20 : aUo 
 excipere : cf. hospiialiler excipere. Curt. 
 7, 6, med. : aliquem im h. deducfire : 
 being conductal to his (/s. in a giore, 
 deduttus in nemorosum li., Pliti. 15, 11, 
 !8: (cf. illam ipsam sedem hospitalem, 
 in quam erit deducuis, id. Agr. 2, 17, 
 46): to offer qs. to, hospitio invitare, 
 Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 2? : to seek qs., h. adire : 
 he soiiglU qs. at several private lu/utes, 
 ho.spitia singulorum adiit. Suet. Ner. 47. 
 To find qs., to take up one's qs., to be 
 quartered : expr. by the pa.ssives. lios- 
 |>itio accipi, recipl, excipi, dediicl ; or 
 without hospitio; the house of a great 
 man, in which itiany guests ate to be 
 quartered. In domo clari honiinis, in 
 quam hospites niulti recipiendl, Cic. Off. 
 I . jg, 1 >9 : to be quartered ujion {hare qs. 
 with) any one as one's host, deduct ad 
 hospitem : cf. deducitur iste ad Jani- 
 torem quendam hospitem, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 I, 24, 6j : hospitor, I, dep. (rare), Cod. 
 Theod. 7, 8, 4 Also expr. by the deiivs. : 
 hospitiilitas,/. : fig. (the soul) is here as 
 an exile in temj-orary qs., lege tempo- 
 ralis hospitalitatis hie exsulat, Macr.ib. 
 Somn. Scip. 1, 11, fn.: guests' qs., hos- 
 pitalia, iuni, Vitruv. 6, 10. 2. maii>io, 
 onis, /. : (a well-planned lumse) should 
 have qs. both for summer and for 
 winter (i. e. suitable rooms), ut et aes- 
 tati et hiemi praebcat mansiones : quae 
 hiemi parantur, etc., Pallad. i, 9: cf. 
 aestivae mansiones, ib. (Note hil>erna- 
 cula, winter-qs., used for winter apart- 
 ments in a house, Vitr. i,2.fin.: Plin. Kp. 
 2,17.) Esp. of u night's qs. on a journey : 
 cf. ad priniam statim niansionem iVbrim 
 nactus. Suet. Tib. 10 : (humorously), 
 sorry, bad, evil qs. (e. g. the stoclfs, pil- 
 lory, or gaol), mala mansio (a punish- 
 ment in which the culprit was stietched 
 out and tied to a board), Uip. Dig. 47, 
 10, r;. Abstr. : a quartering, or taking 
 up one's qs , mansio Formiis, Cic. Alt. 
 9, 5. To pay for one's qs., pretium maii- 
 sionis persolvcre (alicui). Note: also 
 stativa, orum, n. pi. (orig. stativae man- 
 siones, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 45), qs. wheie 
 a traveller stays : cf. stativis dies absu- 
 muntur. Plin. 6, 2?, 26 ^ 10;. 3. 
 tectum, n. Qiouse): in ace. with in : give 
 vie qs., recipe me in t.. PI. Rud. 2, 7, 16: 
 in abl. with in : in tecto, id. Siich. 5, 4, 
 ? : in abl. only ; ut tuo recipias tecto 
 servesque nos, id. Rud. i, 5, 18: cf. 
 tectis ac sedlbus suis reclpiendis, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, ?5, 90: depart to your qs.! vos 
 in vestra tecta discedite, id. Cat. j, 1 2, 29 : 
 expr. by other such words, e. g. donms, 
 liomicilium : v. HOME, house. 4. hiibi- 
 tatio, /. (rare): / beg you to find him 
 gs.,peto a te ut ei de habitatione accom- 
 modes, Cic. Fam. IJ, 2: the cost of qs., 
 sumptus habitstionis, id.'Coe!. 7, 17: v. 
 ABODK. 5. sedes, is, f. (a fixt abode) : 
 cf. nota quae sedes fuerat columbis, 
 Hor. Od. I, 2, 10 : cf. Tibur sit meae 
 sedis utinam senectae, id. ib. 2, 6, 6 : 
 (in the sense of hrad-qs.), cf. quod 
 .Jupiter (.> II. suam sedem atque arcem 
 tutatus esset, Liv. 5, ;o : in geog. 
 sense : cf. ultra hos Chatti initium 
 sedls inchoant, Tac. G. jo: esp. in plur.: 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 4 : to seek other qs., aliud 
 domicilium, alias si-des petcre, Caes. B.G. 
 I, Ji : .Join: sedes reglonesque, id. ib. 
 4, 4 : consecrated qs., sedes sanctae, Cic. 
 Kep. ;. 5. In same sense, stitio,/. ; cf. 
 Athenis statio mea nunc placet, Cic. Ati. 
 6.(),fin. ,foin: sedes slalloque: (poet.) 
 Principio sedes apibtis statioque petenda, 
 Virg. G. 4, 8. 6. I'hrr. with verbs: 
 (i.) rficipio, ; : to give any one qs. in 
 one's house, ad tectum r., v. sup. : all- 
 quem domum suam, Cic. Arch. }, 5. 
 Absol. : most were concealed by those 
 who had given them qs., plerosque hi, 
 qui receperant, celant (hi.st. pres.), Caes. 
 B. C. I, 76. (ii.) colliVo, I [to quarter, 
 give qs. to): to quarter any one in a 
 chamber, aliquem in cubili coll., Cic. 
 
 Tusc 2, 17, 59: taking up their qs. at 
 Capua, in the vei y hrnne of pride and 
 the chief fat of luxunj. Capuae, In do- 
 micllio superbiae atqm- in sedibus lux- 
 uriae coUocaii, id. Agr. 2, 55, <j~, : to tie 
 quartered upon (find (js. with) a Aoit, 
 coUocari apud hospitjin : cf. cumitet 
 ejus apud ceteros hospites collocantur, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 24, 6j : with Adv., cf. 
 quoK ibi (in a town jmjjiui). . . .victog 
 Caesar collocaverat.Caes. B. G. 7,9: v. to 
 settle. (Colloq. phr ), to put into dote 
 qs. (pack close), cf. angustius mililes col- 
 locavit (on board slilji). (Jues. B. G. 5, 2J. 
 (iii.) hftbito, i Uofx one's qs. or abode) : 
 apud aliquem, Cic. Acad. 2, j6, 115: 
 cum aliquo, id. Verr. 2, i, 25. 64: to 
 occupy subterranean qs., sub terra h., 
 id. N. D. 2, J7, 9; : Am/ihitrijon is quar- 
 tered in yonder house, in ilii.M^e habitat 
 aedlbus Amphitruo, PI. Am. prol. 97: 
 to take up his qs. there, cf. in quam 
 (partem regiae) ipse babitandl causa 
 initio erat inductus, Caes. B. C. }, 112 : 
 / went into country quarters, rus babi- 
 tatum abii, Ter. Hec. 2, I, 27: v. to 
 dwell : TO 9TAV. (iv.) deveito, j, and 
 freq. deversor, i, drp. : to quarter one- 
 self upon (taice up ime's qs. witJi), d. 
 apud aliquem (sometimes wUh in hospi- 
 tlum), or in alicujus domo: v. to ruT 
 ui' WITH, (v.) coiisido, sedi, se.>sum, } ; 
 till I fix my qs. somenliere, antcquaru 
 aliquo loco consedero, Cic. Att. ;, 14: v. 
 to SETTLE, (vi.) commotor, i, dep. : 
 apud aliquem, Cic. Manil. 5, fm. : dr- 
 cum istaec loca. Pomp, in Cic. Ait. 8, 
 12, C. : an inn for our qs. (or Ui quarter 
 in), not a place for our abo<ie, commo- 
 randi natura devorsorium nobis, noo 
 habitandi locum dedit, id. de Sen. 2}, 
 84. (vii.) immigro, 1 (esp. of a removal): 
 cf. (fig ) animus quum rcpente In tarn 
 insolitum domicilium immigravit, id. 
 Tusc. 1, 24. 58: with adv.: cf. ubi illo 
 (in aedes) immigrat, PI. Most, i, 2, 2J. 
 II. 'The quarters of troops (camp, 
 barrack, cantonment, or when billeted iu 
 houses) : 1. castra, orum. n. pi. : v. 
 CAMP: the qs. of ttie praetorian guard, 
 castra Praetorianorum, Suet. Tih. {7 : 
 Tac. A. 4, 2 : to inspect tite qs. uhieh uxre 
 pD'eparingforthelegio^is to vinter in, ad 
 visenda castra quae hiematuris legioiii- 
 bus erigebantur, Tac. H. 5, 22: in the 
 same qs., in iisdeni castris. Liv. : to 
 take up one's qs., castra locare, Liv. i, 
 14 : to break up mie's qs., c movere, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 44: with ex of the place; 
 cf. postero die castra ex eo loco movent, 
 Caes. B. G. I, 15 : e castris signa movere, 
 Liv. 1, 14 : to push Ihemfirivard, c. pro- 
 movere, ib. 48: to beat up (an enemy' t') 
 qs., invadere castra, Liv. 10, 15 : cf. im- 
 proviso in castra irrunipere, Cic DIv. i, 
 24, 50: to cai~ry the fight into the rnemy't 
 qs., cf. jam in castra proelium intuUrat, 
 Liv. 4, 29: to keep one's nun within their 
 qs., cf. suos omnes in castris continuit, 
 Caes. B. C. J, 30 : exercitum castris cent., 
 id. B. G. I, 48 : ex. conL (only). Ijv 
 28, 2: among a ^leople, cf. Catinenscg 
 apud quos ex. continebal. Froniin. : the 
 several qs. of a camp, castrorum partef, 
 Liv. 41,5. More specifically : (i.) castra 
 stativa {permanent qs.) : he fixed hit 
 qs. at, etc.. pulcberrimo Syracusarum 
 loco stativa sibi oislra facielxat. Cic 
 Verr. 5, 12. 29: hampered by his booty, 
 lie kept to his qs., illigaius praeda sta- 
 tivls castris adhaerebat, Tac. .\nn. }. 21 
 both generals advance from their qSm 
 uterque eoruin ex c. s. exercitum edu- 
 cunt, Caes. B. C. ?, ?o: absol. staii\a, 
 orum, »i. (once statlvae, sc. mansiones, 
 Lampr. Alex. Sev. 4;): in those qs. tup- 
 plies came in freely enough, in iis st*- 
 tivis satis liberi comnn-atus erant. Liv. 
 I, 57: chang'S ofqs., stalivonini muui- 
 tiones, Tac. H. i', 66. (ii.) aesiiva castr* 
 (lit. summer-camp. 1. e. the qt. of an 
 armu in "«' .field): he fell sick and 
 died in his qs.. supremum diem morbo 
 obiit in ae.-tivis castris. .Suet. CI. I: 
 Tac. : but usu. absol. aestiva, orum, 
 n. pi. : Caes. : while we are in qs. (episU 
 pastl. dum in aestlvis nos essemus, Cic 
 Att. 5, 17, } : (ironically, of a residence 
 617
 
 QUARTERS 
 
 QUARTERS 
 
 QUASH 
 
 chosen for pleasure), those summer qs. 
 of the praetor's, ilia aesliva praetoris, id. 
 Verr. 5, 17, 96: lie vsed to put the rest 
 into winter and summer qs. etc., reli- 
 quas (sc. cohortes) in hiberna et aestiva 
 circa Bnitima oppida dimittere assiierat. 
 Suet. Aug. 49. (iii.) castra hibema 
 (ivinter quarters : a innter camp) : lac: 
 cf. et (Jam enim hiems instabat) c. h. 
 In promontiirio comniunit, Liv. 29, j; : 
 usu. absol. hibema, orum, n. pi. : cf. ibi 
 hibema aedificavit, id. 2?, 48 : cf. neque 
 frutnenta in hibernis erant, Caes. B. C. 
 I, 48: to be in v-inter qs., in h. esse, 
 also expr. by verbs, bibenio, i (prop, 
 trans, to fix one's n-inter qs.), witli dat. 
 of place, cf. hibernal Nemelocennae, 
 Caes. B. li. 8, 46 (to winter) : no sooner 
 are Vie snUiers in minter qs.. Jam vero 
 quemadmodura milites hibement, Cic. 
 Manil. 1 ?, {9 : and hi6nio, i : with 
 circum and wx. of place: cf. ipse cum 
 III. legiiinibus circum Samarobrivam 
 trinis hiliemis hiemare constiiuit, Caes 
 B. G. 5, 5 ? : to lead out of winter qs., ex 
 hib. educ> re : cf. tres (legiones), quae 
 circa Aquileiam hiemabant, ex hibernis 
 educit. Caes. B. G. i, lo- to put into 
 winter qs., in hiberna dediicere, raittere, 
 dimittere; and in hib^-miscollOcare, com- 
 ponere: deduco, with In and ace. of the 
 place: cf. in h. in Sequanus {anumg. or 
 in the country of) -. exercitura deduxit, 
 id. ib. I, 54. Jht. : the new leities were 
 put in ivinter qs., in hiberna novi milites 
 deduct!, Liv. 2^, 20: on the retirement 
 of the army into qs., deducto exercitu, 
 Caes. B. G. •;. 4?: coUSco, with in and 
 abl.: ef. exercitum reduxitet in Aulercis 
 Lexoviisque, reliquis item ciTitalihus, 
 in hibernis collncavit. Id. ib. j, 29 : mit- 
 tere : cf. legiones in hiberna mittit, id. 
 ib. 7, 90 : dimittere in hibema (to 
 quAxHer in separate dinsions}. Suet. 
 Aug. 49, sup. cit. : (C'C. also uses mitto, 
 Prov. Cons. ?, 5 : and admitto, Fam. 15, 
 4, 7) : in hibernis legiones componere, 
 Sail. . to fix the winter qs., hiberna con- 
 stituere : cf. hiberna omnium legionum 
 In Belgis const., Caes. B. G. 4, }8 : to 
 send into winter qs. (in the sense of 
 distributing or billeting the soldiers), 
 exercitum dispertire, dispongre, distri- 
 bufire. dividgre: cf. exercitum per oppida 
 dispertit, Liv. 29, i : legiones in Appulia 
 hibemorum causa disposuerat, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 14: cf. legiones Narbone cir- 
 cumque ea loca hiemandi causa disp., 
 id. ib. 1, J7 : disp. also to quarter, in 
 gen. : cf. equites per oram maritimam 
 disp., id.: verbs used together; cf. Nu- 
 midas in hiberna in proximis I'hessalis 
 urbibas distribuit ; et partem exercitus 
 item per totam Thessaliam divisit, ut 
 hibema commoda omnes habeient, Liv. 
 41, 67 : to quarter throughmit the pro- 
 vinces, legiones et auxilia provinciatim 
 distrib.. Suet. Aug. 49 : upon the several 
 cities, or states (of Spain), exercitum 
 omnem passim in civitates dividere, 
 Liv. 27, 2 : per civitates in hibema div., 
 Justin. : to ivithdraw (or, retire) into 
 innter qs., cf. in hibema concesserant 
 diversi (an both sides), Liv. 26, 20: (the 
 general) visited the winter qs. of the 
 army, hibema exercitus adiit, ib. : to 
 break up from ivinter qs., ex hibernis 
 (exercitum) movere, Liv. : Curt. Lying 
 in winter qs., hibernus {adj.) .- cf. 
 legiones hibernae, Suet. Cal. 8. (>f.B. — 
 The permanent qrs. of a particular 
 legion are denoted by its title, which 
 sometimes became a geographical name, 
 as Legio VII. Gemina, Leon, in Spain.) 
 Dimin., hibernacilla : cf. h. Carthagi- 
 nienslum lignea ferme tota erant (the 
 huts in their ninter qs.), Liv. jo, j : 
 (with rfimittere in) the summer being 
 far advanced, some of the legions were 
 dismissed by land into irinter qs., aestate 
 jam adulta legionum aliae itinere ter- 
 restri in hIb. remissae, Tac. A. 2, 2? : 
 in hib. deducere, Jnscr. Also, hi6malia, 
 ium, n. pi. (rare) : to settle the summer 
 and ivinter qs., hiemalla atque aestiva 
 disponere, Val. ap. Vop. Aur. 11. 2. 
 tectum, n. and pi. : used of qs in a 
 t9tcn : to give 5.". to, tecto (-is), reclpere : 
 6ia 
 
 (said of Capua) to give our armies qs. in 
 her houses and homes, ad exercitus tectis 
 et sedibus suis recipieiidos, Cic. Agr. 2. 
 J J, 90: to be q.'d upon (a town, or bouse, 
 or host), (milites) in tecto recepios esse. 
 3. hospitlum, n. (and pi.), esp. qs. 
 in houses and inns : to q. soldiers (or 
 put tliem in qs.), milites in hospitia de- 
 ducere; per h. dls|>onere; or dispergere 
 (oiscattered qs.) : the praetorian guards, 
 hitlierlo q.'d loosely about the inns (or 
 houses), praetorianae cohortes, vagae 
 anie id tempus et per hospitia dispersae. 
 Suet. Tib. J7 : to give qs., hospitio re- 
 clpere : every citizen was eager to give 
 them qs. in his house, ut domum ad se 
 quisque hospitio cupidissime reciperet, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 20. P h r. : to take up qs., 
 consldo, } : cf. (legio) sese HIspallm re- 
 ceplt atque in foro et porticibus sine 
 maleficio consedit, ib. Phr. : to q. tuo 
 (soldiers) im each householder, distribuere 
 binos singulis patribus taniillaruni, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 14. 4. praesidium, n., the qs. 
 of an army (not only in garrison and 
 other po.sts— cf. gakrison, post — but 
 also) in the field, esp. in pi. : in distant 
 qs., procul in p'aesidio fuit, Nep. Tiniol. 
 I : legvms dra" n from the nearest qs., 
 cf. Cohortes, quas ex proximis praesidils 
 deductas fors obtulit. Cues. B. (i. 7, 87 : 
 (with specific reference to civil war: 
 like " he was out in the '45 ") ■ you 
 were in qs. (with the army), in praesidio 
 eratis, Cic. Lig. 9, 28: cf. qui in adver- 
 sariiirum praesidils occisi sunt. Dum 
 pracsidia ulla fuerunt, in Bullae prae- 
 sidils fuit, id. R. A. 4J, 126: to Ifove 
 one's qs. (as a deserier), praesidium 
 llnqnere, Cic. Tusc. }, 8: praesidio de- 
 cedere, Liv. 4, 29. .Join: praesidium 
 et statio : cf. cohortes e.x statione et 
 praesidio emissae, Caes. B. G. 6. 42 ; (fig., 
 of suicide), to desert the qs. and post 
 allotted to one in life, vetat Pythagoras 
 injus.su Imperatoris (id est Del) de prae- 
 sidio et statione vitae decedere, Cic. Sen. 
 20, 7}. N.B. — For the qs. of a general 
 (besides praetoris stativa, etc., v sup.), 
 use praetorium, n., and principia, n.pl. : 
 V. HEAD-QUARTEES : to Summon to head- 
 qs., cf. primores centurionum et paucos 
 milltum in principia vocal, Tac. H. j, i^. 
 
 III, Also, in military sense, aproper 
 station, an appointed post (esp. as now 
 used, the posis of sailc^rs at their guns, 
 etc.) : used by old writers in the sing. : 
 
 1, statio, onis,/.: " to keep quarter" 
 (Bacon), in statione manere, (5v. M. i, 
 627 (adapted) : they u'ere at qs., m sta- 
 tione erant, Caes. : adj., soldiers at qs., 
 stationarii milites, Ulp. Dig. 1 1,4, i. 2. 
 praesidium, n. (v. sup.) : esp. pr. sta- 
 tivuni, Liv. 41. i. Join: (several mili- 
 tary terms used fig.), haecmea sedesest, 
 haec vigilia, haec custodia, hoc praesi- 
 dium stativum, Cic. Phil. 12, 10, 24. 
 To place at qs., disponere Stallones, 
 custodia, Caes. B. G. 5, jj : cohortes, ib. 
 }, 88 : dispi-rtire : cf. dispertili virl : 
 dispertlti ordines, PI. Am. i, i, 65 : to 
 take up, go to, run to, qs., se coUocare, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, jj (adapted); se coUigere 
 in aciem, Hirt. B. 70 : concurrere : cf. 
 (fig.) undique ad commune incendlum 
 reslinguendum cone, Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 
 21 : to your qs. .' concurrite ! concurrite ! 
 Val. Max. 4, i. No. 12; freq. concursare, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, jj ; a rush to qs., concursus ; 
 cf. cone, fit celeriter in praetorium, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 76 : imdique concursus, Hor. S. 
 I, 9, 78 (adapted); to beat (or pipe) to 
 qs., *signum concnrsui (or se colligendi) 
 c;inere (the context distinguishing this 
 from the signal for an onset or a rally). 
 
 IV. Phr.: to come to dose qs. : 
 (i.) gen. of tivo armies, signa conferre, 
 
 etc.: v. TO ENGAGE: TO JOIN BATTLE: 
 
 (ii.) esp. in contrast to skirmishing and 
 fighting with missiles. 1, cons^ro, ill, 
 sertum, j : usu. with manum, cf. signa 
 contullt, manum conserult, magnas co- 
 pias hostium fudit, Cic. Mur. 9, 20: 
 with an enemy, mamun cons, cum 
 allquo, Cic. Att. 7, 20; plur., manus 
 inter se cons., Liv. 7, 40: then, ivhen 
 they came to close qs., consertis deinde 
 manibus, id. i, 25 : of a naval engage- 
 
 ment : so, when their ship came to clnSK 
 qs., et sicubi coiiserta navis esset (sing, 
 indef.), Liv. 21, 50. (Note: puguam 
 cons. Is simply to join battle. Id. ib. 
 and }2, 10: both at a distance): absol. 
 (rare), id. 44, 4. Other phrr. with manus : 
 ad manum accedere, Nep. Eum. 5 : 
 pugna jam ad manus venerat, Liv. 2, 
 46 : manu decertare. 2. o.t close qs. : 
 Phr.: with adv. comminus or cominus 
 (hand to hand, from con and manus), 
 opp. to eminus : cf. nee em. hastis aut 
 com. gladiis uterentur, Cic. de Sen. 6, 19: 
 dum locus com. pugnandi daretur, Caes. 
 B.C. I, ;8: veteran i com. acrlterinstare, 
 Sail. C. 60: com. conferre signa, Liv. i, 
 JJ ; to struggle at close qs. with an obsti- 
 nate enemy, adversus resistentes com. 
 uiti, Tac. A. 4, ?i. 
 
 quartette: *cantusquatemarlus, or 
 quaternorum. 
 
 quartile : v. quadrature. 
 
 quarto : forma qualemarla : ^to 
 paper, * charta quaternaiia : a sheet 
 folded in 4*0, * folium (or charta) qua- 
 drupllcatum (-a) : a 4/0 book, * liber 
 formae quaternariae, * liber quaternis 
 loliis (or " In quarto ") compactus. (" In 
 quarto " is a phr. commonly used in 
 Lalin catalogues ) 
 
 quartz: •'quartzum, Linn, (with or 
 without the t.). 
 
 quash (»'.)•• I, Lit., to shatter, to 
 crush ; quasso, I : (whence the Eng., 
 through the Ft. ccuser) ; obs. in this 
 sense. ||, Fig., to put down by 
 
 force, or decisively. 1. disciitlo, cussi, 
 cussum, } (lit., to dash to pieces) : to 
 q. the u'hole business, cf. quod totam 
 rem disctisseram, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12: to 
 q. an accusation (not in the legal 
 sense), crimen disc, Quint. 4, 2, 18: 
 an accident q.'d the report which was 
 daily gaining ground, gliscentem In 
 dies famam fors discussit, Tac. H. 2, 8. 
 Join: disc, et comprimere, Cic. Mur. 
 J9. 84. 2. opprinio, presal, pressum, i : 
 cf sine tumultu rem omnem oppressere, 
 Liv. 2, 4. 3. exslinguo, nxi, nctum, j : 
 to q. rebelliotis in the bud, orientes sedl- 
 tloiiesexst.: Join: intolerandam poten- 
 tiam exstinguere atque opprimere, Cic 
 Kosc. A. 13, j6: cf. exstlnctisrumoribus, 
 Caes. B.C. 1,60. Also restmguo. 4. con- 
 cldo, tidi, cisum, ? (lit., to cut to pieces): 
 cf. omnem auctorilatem universi ordinls, 
 Cic. deOr. j, i,fin. 5. casso, i (late) : 
 Sid. Ep. I, fin. : also expr. by adj. 
 cassus, and adv. Incassum : v. to cbdsh : 
 TO put down : to quell : to quench : 
 TO frustrate. \\\. I'o annul, to make 
 void (esp. as a legal term) ; = Fr. casser. 
 
 1. casso, I (etym. equiv.), in the 
 jurists only : Cod. Just, i, 2, 16. Other 
 strictly technical terms are : induce, i 
 (to erase, on the waxen tablet), e. g. 
 senatusconsultum, Cic. Att. i 20, v. to 
 cancel; abrSgo, 1 : cr.(lex) quae postea 
 plebiscite Canulelo abrogata est, Cic. Rep. 
 2, J7 : cf. TO repeal : concldo, j ; e. g. 
 testamentum, Ulp. Dig. 28, 4, i : rgsolvo, 
 j: stipulationem, Gal. Dig. 21, 2, 57. .^n- 
 
 2. rescindo, Idi, issum, j : to q. ver- 
 dicts, judicia. Suet. Claud. 29 : a sen- 
 tence not to be q.'d, but to be undergone, 
 (judicium) non rescindendum, sed feren- 
 dum, Cic. Plane. 4, 10 : decisions, res 
 jndicatas, Cic. Sull. 22, 6j : a conviction, 
 damnationem, id. : agreements, pactiones, 
 id. Prov. Cons. 5,10:0 disgraceful treaty, 
 foedus turpe. Veil. 2, 90 ; the nills of th4 
 dead (a double entendre), cf. sjIus tu 
 inventus es, cui non satis fuerit cor- 
 rigere voluntates vivorum, nisi etiam 
 rescinderes mortuorum, Cic. Verr. 2, i, 
 4 J, III : the decisions (or settlements) of 
 any one. cf. (Appius complained) quod 
 quaedam a se constltuta rescinderem, 
 Cic. Att. 6, I, 2, init. (cf. Ib.^n. : cogi- 
 tabam ejus multa inique constltuta 
 tollere) : cf. (Tiberius) conslltutiones 
 quasdam senatus rescldit, Suet Tib. j} ; 
 you q.'d the acts of Antony and repealed 
 his laws, acta M. Antonli rescidlstls, 
 leges refixlstis, Cic. Phil, jj, i, 5- of. 
 Liv. 26, J I : Ter. Ph. 2, 4, 16. 3. ills» 
 solvo, }: cf. leges, acta Caesarls, Cic 
 Phil. I i,fin. : judicia publlca, id. Agr.
 
 QUASH 
 
 QD E EN 
 
 QUELL. 
 
 2> IJ, fin. : hoc interdictum, id. Caecin. 
 14, 40 : cf. (rbetorically) the whole charge 
 has now b'-en q.'d (i. e. refuted), criiui- 
 natio lota dlsboluta eut, id. H. A. 29, %z : 
 V. TO ANNUL. 4. infirmo, i : U-geni, 
 Liv. J4, J : Qiiliit. 7, I : coiitracium. 
 Hermog. Dig. 49, 14, 46 : tf. gravlur 
 ferens aliquid a se factum ititirmarl. 
 Veil. 2, 2. Join (e.-ip. in rhetor, sense) 
 iuf. ac diluere, Cic. R. A. 15, 42: Inf. ac 
 tollere, id. N. U. 2, 59, 147 : cl. to i.n\ a- 
 LIDATE. 5. consello, j: acta Dol.i- 
 bellae, id. Phil. 2, jj. 8?. Join ■ judlcia 
 inQrinari ac convelli, id. Caecin. 18, 51. 
 6, rurapo, i (not only to break, but 
 also to annul, make void) : cf. constat, 
 agnascendo rumpi iestanientuui,Cic. Ur. 
 I, 57 : poet. (Graecia) conjurata tua;; 
 rumpere nuptias et reguum Priaiui 
 vetus, Hor. (3d. i, 15, 7. 7, irriiura 
 facere, {to make void) : testamentum, 
 Cic.Pbil. 2, 42. Join: rescindere et irr. 
 tacere, id. Verr. 2, 2. 26. 8. a'jOleo, 2 : 
 to q. a person's eltction to un ojjke, alicul 
 maglstratuni, Liv. j, j8. 
 
 quash (subs.) : v. pumpkin. 
 
 Quashing {subs.) .- e.\pr. by the verbs 
 and cognate subs., as oppressio,/. ; cf. 
 legum et liberiatuin oppressionem te- 
 tram, Cic. Off. j. i\, 8?. 
 
 QUatier-COUsin (or cater-c^ : an old 
 word for the first 4 degrees oj affinity, 
 and hence, persons on good terms (u-ith 
 one another) : *in gratiam reducti 
 (Ainsw.) : the)/ are not q.-cs., *occultam 
 inter se simultateui hab.nt (id.). 
 
 quaternary : quatemarlus : a q. 
 combination or conifiound, •junctio per 
 ■ quaterna (sc. elementa). 
 
 quaternion : 1. quaterni : " the 
 elements. . .that in quaternion run, etc." 
 (Milton). *vosque elemenui quaterna (to 
 end an he.\ani(ier). Note : this may 
 serve for Sir I'. Browne's " quatemitij of 
 the elements." 2. quaternio,/. (late) : 
 cf. tradens (Pelrum) quatuor quater- 
 nlonibas miUtum custodiendum, Vulg. 
 
 Act. Xil. 4 : cf. QUATRE. 
 
 quatrain : tetrastichon (Gk. form), 
 i, n. : cl. (adeii) ut Ovuiius ex tetrasti- 
 chon Macrl carmine hbrum composue- 
 rlt, Quint. 6, }, 96 : cf. Mart. 8, 85 — 
 Quod non insulse scribis tetrasticha 
 quaedam, 
 Disiicha quod belle pauca, Sabelle, 
 facis, 
 Laudo, nee admiror: facile est epi- 
 grammata belle 
 Scribere ; sed librum scribere dif- 
 ficile est. 
 Perh. also "versus quaterni (as etym. 
 equiv.). 
 
 quatre (on the dice): quaternio, 
 Mart. Cap. 7, 255. 
 
 quaver (w-) ; I. Prop, to sing n-Uh a 
 thake in tlie x'oice (nsu. mentioned as a 
 beauty : " sweet old quavering ditties ") : 
 1. vibrlsso, i, spec.teim: vibrissare 
 est vocein in cantando crlspare, Fest. 
 S. ti. 2. As more gen. terms : can- 
 tillo, I, Apul. Mel. 4, p. 146: inodQlor, 
 l,dep.: v. ToTRii.i, : to wauble. ||. 
 Also used of any vibrating motion whlili 
 produces sound : v. to vibkatk. |||, 
 7b shake with fear (esp. of the voice) : 
 
 V. QUAVEEING. 
 
 quaver (.subs. fr. the verb) : I. A 
 shake in the voice, vox or sonus vibrans, 
 Plln. 10. 29,4?. II. A musical note 
 J: use the word, as indecl. (the sense 
 being shown by the context). 
 
 quavering {culj-), with voice : I, 
 Prop, sense: perh. "vox vibr.ins or vi- 
 brlssans: v. to qdaveb. ||. Secon- 
 dary sense : trembling with aruition 
 (nsu. fear) : with a o. voice : cf. haec 
 tremente questus ore, Hor. Kpod. 5, 1 1 : 
 tremebunda voce, Auct. Her. }, 4, 25 : 
 
 cf. QUAKING. 
 
 quay : 1. crgpido, Inls, /. : Juv. 
 S,S: the pirate-skijf sailed up'tn all the 
 quays of the city (.Syracuse), piralicus 
 myoparo usque ad oranes urbis cre- 
 pidines accessii, Cic. Verr. 5, J7, 97 : cf. 
 V'irg. Aen. 10, 65 ? : 
 
 Forte ratis celsi conjuncta crepidine 
 saxt 
 
 Expositis stabat scalis, et ponte parato. 
 
 2. margo (Inis, m. and/.) I&pldeus: 
 a river embanked iriih q.s of masonry, 
 flumen margmibus lapidel.s, Varr. K. R. 
 h 5. 9- 
 
 queachy : unsound, shaking (opp. 
 to Hmi) : e. g. "Godwin'.^ q. sands" 
 (Drayton), syries aestuosae (the true 
 sense of aest. here, not burning), Hor. 
 Od. I, 22, 5 : fluxus or niObills may also 
 be used; or (poet.) inlidus: cf. "the 
 queachy fens" (l)rayloii). 
 
 quean : * worthUss uoman : mCre- 
 trix : proterva merelrix procaxque, Cic. 
 Coel. 20, 49: also scortum. (N.B. — The 
 word Is now chiefly Scotch, and not 
 always in the bad sense : v. lass.) 
 
 queasiness ; queasy : v. qualm : 
 
 QUAL.MISH SQUEAMISH. 
 
 queck : 0. K. (perh. = quake) : to 
 shrink, to show pain (Bacon): contrfi- 
 niisco, miii, j : tr. to q. at, periculum c, 
 Hor. Od. 2, 12, 8: cf. Sen. Kp. bs, fin., 
 non contretniscamus itijurias, non vul- 
 nera, non vincula, non ege.stalem. 
 
 queen : rggina, J., constr. with gen. 
 of subject country or people : the q. of 
 lli^. .s'outh, regina austri, Vulg. Matt. xii. 
 42 : Luc. xi. }i : or with adj.; regina 
 Blthynica (sarcastically olCaesar), Bilml. 
 in Suet. Caes. 49. Specially (i.) A queen- 
 consirrt: (Hecuba), Virg. Aen. 10, 70;: 
 cf. suus rex reginae placet, PI. Stlch. I, 
 2, 76: also uxor (in connection with the 
 king's name): his q., uxor ejus Boudi- 
 cea, I'ac. A. 14, ji : " When tlie British 
 warrior qutxn, Hleedivg from the 
 Roman rods," etc., *Bellatrix postquain 
 Briionum regina cruentis Verberibus, 
 etc. (N.B. regnatTi.\ is adj. on I3', r«^a/, 
 ruling -. in domo reguatrice, Tac. A. i, 
 4: the Vulg. uses doniinatrix : say to 
 the king and queen, die regi ei doniina- 
 trici, Jer. xili. 18.) (li.) A q. regnant : 
 (Cleopatra). Hor. 0<1. i, 57, 7 Cic. Att. 
 14, 8; (I'ido), Virg. Aen. i, joj : 2, } 
 4, I : etpass.: thk qukex, cf. magnum 
 reginae nomen, id. Aen. 11, 22}: Iheq. 
 goes in procession rvilh a great retinue 
 of matrons, cf. ib. 478, 
 
 Necnon ad templum summasque ad 
 Pailadis arces, 
 
 Subvehitur magna matrum regina ca- 
 terva : 
 the courtiers attend the q.'s levee, cf. ib. 
 4. « n, 
 
 Keginam thalamo cunctantem ad 
 limina primi 
 
 Poenonim exspectant : 
 the q. dismounted at the palace -gate, 
 porllsque ab ecjuo regina sub ipsis 
 desiluit, ib. 11, 22?. (iii.) A queen- 
 d/nvager, *vidiia (regina) : cf. Vulg. 
 Apoc. xviii. 7, sedeo regina, et vidua 
 non sura (fr. Is. xlvi. 8, non sedebo 
 vidua) : or *(r.) viduata : v. wiixiw. 
 (Iv.) The title applied to a goddess 
 (esp. Juno): absol. Virg. Aen. i, 76: 
 cf. id. 8, 696, 707 : Juno regina (in a 
 prayer), Cic. Verr. 5, 72, 184 : Liv. ;, 
 21: regina deum. Virg. Aen. i, 9: ci. 
 ib. 46, quae diviim incedo regina Jo- 
 visque Et soror et conjux : (with patro- 
 nymic), Saturnia regina, ib. 7, 57;: 
 (with title of sacred places), Venus 
 regina Gnidi I'aphique, Hor. Od. i, jo, i : 
 in other mythologies : to bum incense 
 to the q of heaven, etc. (Ashtoreth or 
 the Moon), ut sacrlfiremus reginae coeli, 
 et lil)emus ei llbamina, Vulg. Jer. xlv. 
 17 and 25 (cf. " Astarte, queen of heaven, 
 with crescent horns," Milton). T r a n s f. 
 of any poxrer, e. g. money named with 
 other deified {towers : cf. Hor. Ep. i, 6, 
 iT-— 
 
 Et genus et formam regina Pecunla 
 donat, 
 
 Ac bene nummatum decorat Suadela 
 Venusque. 
 (Note: dominamay sometimes be used: 
 e. g. of Cybele, Virg. Aen. ?, iii: of 
 Venus, Ov. A. A. i, 148 : of Juno, Prop. 
 2, ;, 17: of Diana, Mart. 12, 18.) (v.) 
 </f any female leader; the q. of song, 
 cf. silvestris regina chorl. Stat. Th. 4, 
 J79 (so, q. of May, *t. Maiae) : and of 
 things excelling in their kind : of trees: 
 the cypress tike a q. of the Alpine crest, 
 Alpini veluti regina cupressus verticis. 
 
 Ib. 6, 854 : the q. of roads : Appia rtgioa 
 viarum, id. SUv. 2, 2, 12 : among citia: 
 (of Tyre and Babylon), Vulg. Is. xllx. 2J, 
 Apoc. xviii. 7, sup. cit. : (so q. of the 
 Adriatic, *r. Hadriue of the B.jsporus, 
 •r. Bospori: cf. domina urbs. Mart. 12. 
 21) : of speech, oralio omnium rerum r, 
 Paa in Non. 11 j, j2 : of abstract 
 qualities: Join, domina et regina 
 (mistress and q.) : cf. (justitla) omnium 
 et domina et regiiw virtutum. Cla Off. 
 J, 6, 28: (Sole also domina. cf. sit 
 sane fors domina campi, Cic. Pis. 2). 
 (vi.) The q. in chest or cards : or we 
 may possibly use the classical term 
 compar, iris (111. mate), f, on the au- 
 thority of Ov. A. A. }, J59 (referring 
 to «om« game): Bellatorque sua prensos 
 sine compare b<llat (And though hit 
 mate is ta'en, the king proltmgs the 
 fight). (vii.) Queen-bee : the Latin 
 writers use rex, Virg. G. 4, 21, 63, el 
 pass. : or dux, Ool. : in nat hist (where 
 it would seem absurd to keep the error) 
 use *regina apis or apum : so, q.-ant, 
 •regina formica or formiiarum. 
 
 queen (»•) •• I, To play the part 
 of a q. (cf. " I'll q. It no inch further," 
 Shaksp.), reginam agere: cf. exulem 
 ag., Cic. A. 1, 4: principem ag.. Suet. 
 Claud. 29. II. To q. a pawn (at 
 chess) : *ex latrooe reginam facere : v. 
 MAN, No. V. 
 
 queen - apple, or queening : 
 
 *poiiiuni Claudianum (Ainsw.j. 
 
 queenly : qualis regina solet esse; 
 [habitus] qualis reginam decet; etc. 
 
 queer (and adv.) : strange, used for 
 I. Ridtculously peculiar, ridiculus, 
 ineptus, insolens, insHlsus, (and a/ivs.) : 
 cf. ABSURD: comical: bidiculocs : 
 Join, insolens aul ineptum, Cic. Or. 9, 
 29: a 5. business, negoiium ineptum, 
 id. Tusc. I, };, 86: a q. /eUom (vulg. 
 " a q. fish "), insulsisslmus homo, CaL 
 17, 12. Also expr. by subs. : v. quees- 
 NESs. Adv.: fe/ talk or act qXy: cf. inep- 
 tissime fieri, Quint. 11, j, ji- ||. In a 
 bad sense : nequam : you're a q. rascal. 
 Join: malus et nequam es, PI. Asin. 2, 
 2, J9- 
 
 Queemess : Ineptia (usu. pi. -ael : 
 inepiiola, inepiilQdo (cf. homo Inepii- 
 ludinis cuniulatus, Caecil. ap. Non. 128, 
 1;): insulsltas (cf. harum rerum ins., 
 Cic. 5, II, cui init. : ins. villae, id. ib. 
 I J, 19): also expr. by adjs. and adt^s., 
 and i-ic* versa: v. abscrdity: folly: 
 SILLINESS. II, nequitia: v. levity. 
 
 quell : (orig. to kill ; and Spenser 
 has quell, v. n. — die) : v. to crush : to 
 SUBDUE : to eking down : 1. premo, 
 pressi, pressum, }, and compounds : obj. 
 a power: cf. pr. amia LatinI, Virg. Aen. 
 II, 402: obj. a person: pr. (aliquem) 
 voce, vultu, Tac. A. 3, 67. Comp. : 
 comprimo : to q. disturbances, motus 
 aimpr., Liv. i, 60: a rebellion, sediti- 
 onem. Id. 2, 2}: cf. Iribuniclos furore* 
 compr., Cic. Mur. 1 1 : cunalum aique 
 audaclam furentis hominis, id. Phil. 10, 
 5, 11: with ahl. of the means: cf. voce 
 manuque murmura compress! 1, Ov. M. 
 I, 206 : Join: compr. el restinguo, con- 
 sider, ii-ith irhat words >jou are to q. or 
 quencti his burning ambition, mediiare, 
 quibus verbis incensam illius cupldi- 
 tatem comprimas alque restinguas. Cic. 
 Pis. 2;, 59. I'sxiA. to be qutlied : Join: 
 n mprimi et quie>cere : cf. Virg. G. 4, 
 86-7 (m^jck-heroic, of bees) — 
 Hi motus animorum atque baec certft- 
 
 mina tanta 
 Pulveris exigui jactu compressa quies- 
 cent : 
 opprimo : Join: opprimo el confide : 
 ivhat aixiils Valour or strength, though 
 matchless, quelled uilh pain, Wltich ali 
 subdues' (Milton) cf. omnibus oppres- 
 sum corpus et confectum doloribus, Cic. 
 Tusc. ;. 8, 2 J : v. to put i>ow n. 2. s5do, 
 I : seditionem,Clc. Rep. i, ?8 : tumultum. 
 Caes. B. C. }, 18: cf. to ai.lay • to ap- 
 pease. 3. dOmo, ill. Tlum, i : v. to 
 SnBDCE: T") CONTROL: aud subs. dcjml- 
 tor. m. : the mind that can q. and bridU 
 unbounded poner, inflnitae potesLatis 
 domitor ac I'renator animus, Plln. Pan. 
 619
 
 QUELLE R 
 
 QUENCH 
 
 QUERN 
 
 55 : and domitrix, Icis, /. cf. omnium 
 domitrix (ferrum), Plin. j6, i6, 25 : the 
 club that qxteUed tviUl beasts, domitrix 
 ferarmn clava (Herculis), Ov. H. 9. 117. 
 4. vinco, vici, victum, j : her shame 
 mas quelled by love, victus amoi-e pudor, 
 Ov. Am. J, 10, 29: also, siiblgo, j: v. 
 TO CONQUER, TO SUBDUE. 5. debello, 
 I : to spare the suppliants and to q. the 
 proud, parcere subjectis, et debellare su- 
 perbos,Virg. Aen. 6, 854 : to q. an enemy 
 by a shout, (hostem) clamore debell., 
 Tac. Agr. J4. 6. frango, fregi, irac- 
 tum, J : to q. a person's pride (Dryden), 
 spiritum ejus fr. : cf. quorum se vim ac 
 spiritus fregisse, Liv. 26, 24. 7. sub- 
 milto: to q. rage, s. furorem, Virg. Aen. 
 12, 8j2: V. TO PUT DOWN. Phr. : your 
 pride is quelled, cecidit ille spiritus tuus, 
 Prop. 2, J, 2. 
 queller : («■ 9- " q- of Satan," Milton) : 
 
 1, victor, oris, m. : omnium gen- 
 tium, Cic. Pis. 7, 16 : V. conqueror. 
 
 2. oppressor, oris, m. : cf. oppres- 
 gores dominationis. Pseudo-Brut, in Ep. 
 ad Brut, i, 16: v. subduer. 3. ^o- 
 mitor, oris, m. : maris d. (NepUiuus^ 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 799: and domitrix, icis, 
 
 /. : Y. RULER, TAMEB. 
 
 quench ("■ a-) ■• \. fo put out fire by 
 strong means : usu. poet, or fig. : for lit. 
 sense cf. to put out : to fxtinguish. 
 (N.B. tlie simple stinguo, ;, is early, 
 poet., and intrans. in Pass., implying 
 a Trans. Act: fig. of colour ; ut cernere 
 possis Evanescere paulatim stinguique 
 colorem, Lucr. 2, 828: cf. id. i, 666, 
 Quod si lone uUa credimt ratione potesse 
 Igneis in coetus stingui, mutareque 
 corpus): 
 
 1, reslinguo, nxi, nctum, j : ignem 
 aqna, etc. . v. to put out, to kxtin- 
 GUiSH ; poet. : resting, foutibus ignes, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 686. Join: (fig.) com- 
 primo atque restinguo (to quell and 
 quench) ; incensam cupiditatem, Cic. Pis. 
 25 : v. to quell. 2. exstinguo, j (not 
 ext.) : V. TO PUT OUT : also of a light : 
 lumen exst., Lucr. 6, 792 : (cf. " Quenched 
 is the golden statue's ray," ]\eble) : freq. 
 in Vulg. : {they) q.'d the violence of fire, 
 exstinxerunt impetum ignis, Heb. xi. 
 54. Join: restinguo et relrigero, i ; 
 ignis in aquam conjectus continuo re- 
 stinguitur et refrigeratur, Cic. Rose. 
 Com. 6, 17 (cf. Vulg. Luc. xvi. 24, mitte 
 Lazarum, ut intingat extremum digiti 
 sui in aquam et refrigeret lingiiam 
 meam, quia crucior in hac flamnia). Esp. 
 in fig. senses: q. not the Spirit, Spi- 
 ritum noUte exst., i Thess. v. 19: (of 
 love) : aquae multae non potuerunt exst. 
 cbaritatem, nee flumina obruent illam. 
 Cant vlii. 7 (of fury, u-rath, etc.): to q. 
 all the fiery darts of the wicked one, 
 omnia tela nequis'^imi exst., Eph. vi. 16 : 
 my wrath shall be kindled against this 
 place, and shall not be q.'d, succende- 
 tur indignatio niea in loco hoc, et non 
 exstinguetur, 4 Reg. xxii. 17 (furor in 
 par. pass. 2 Paralip. xxxiv. 25) : cf. Jer. 
 iv. 4; vii. 20; xvii. 27; xxi. 12: Amos 
 V. 6 : (of a destroying fire) : cf. erit for- 
 titudo vestra ut favilla stuppae (toir), et 
 opus vestrum quasi scintillae ; et suc- 
 cendetur utrumque simul, et non erit 
 qui exstinguat, Is. i. ji : cf. id. xxxiv. 
 10; Ezek. XX. 47, non exstinguetur 
 flamma succensionis : esp. Is. Ixvi. 24, 
 vermis eorum non moritur, et ignis 
 eorum non exstinguetur: cf. Marc. ix. 
 4? : (also expr. by adj. : in gehennam 
 Ignis inexsting'iibilis, ib.) : (of a light, 
 fts emblem ot life, hope, etc.), cf. linum 
 fumigans (a smouldering lamp-wick) 
 non exstinguet, Is. xlil. j, and Watt, xii 
 20 ! (of the life of an only son), quaenmt 
 exst. scintillam meam, quae relicta est, 
 2 Reg. xiv. 7 : (of a very precious life, 
 David's), ne exstinguas lucernam Israel, 
 ib. xxi. 17. Pass, to be q.'d (= to go 
 mii, of itself, cf. No. 3) : cf. contriti sunt 
 quasi linum, et exstincti sunt, Is. xliii. 17 : 
 (cf. exarserunt, burnt out, quasi ignis in 
 spinis, Pa. cxvlil. 12: absorptus est ignis, 
 iuxiUowed back into the earth. Num. 
 xi. 2). 3. opprimo, } (like our phr. 
 to stamp out fire) : contrasted with ex- 
 620 
 
 stingui, to go out : cf. itaque adolescentes 
 mori sic mihi videntur, ut quum aquae 
 multitudine vis flammae opprimitur {as 
 when a fire in full force is quenched by 
 a volume of water) ; senes autem sicut 
 sua sponte, nulla adhibita vl, consumptus 
 ignis exstinguitur, Cic. Sen. 19, 21 : (cf. 
 "A little fire is quickly trodden out. 
 Which, being suffered, rivers cannot 
 quench."— Sbaksp.) 
 4. vinco, vici, victum, j (to over- 
 power) : (poet.) to q. a body cf fire nith 
 floods of water, cf. collectam vincere 
 gurgiiibus (of the Nile), Ov. Am. j, 6, 
 42. 5. lingo (or -guo), nxi, nctum, } (to 
 dip, bathe), to q. red-hot metal in waler : 
 cf. Virg. Aen. 8, 450, alii stridentia tin- 
 guunt Aera lacu (some q. the hissing 
 brass). II. F i g. of hot passions : reslin- 
 guo, ; : exstinguo, } : opprimo, j : sedo, 
 I : to q. the heat of all lusts, omnium 
 cupMitatum ardorem restinguere, Cic. 
 
 Fin. 1, I J, 4;: V. TO ALLAY: TO COOL: 
 
 '• this is the way to kindle, not to que7ich " 
 (Shaksp.), expr. by succendo and ex- 
 stinguo (v. supr.). Neuter: to be q.'d 
 {to cool donn), (besides the Passives), 
 defervesco, fervi, j : cf. dum defervescat 
 ira, Cic. Tusc. 4, j6, /in. |||. To quench 
 thirst : 1. restinguo, } : sitim rest. ; 
 cf. Estne sitienti in bil>endo voliiptas ? 
 Eademne quae restincta siti.? Inniio alio 
 genere. Re.stincta enim sitis stabilitalem 
 voluptatis habet: ilia autem voluptus 
 ipsius restinctionis in niotu est, Cic. Fin. 
 2, J, 9: to q. one's thirst at a brook of 
 sweet water, dulcis aquae saliente sitim 
 restinguere rivo, Virg. E. 5, 47 : to q. tlie 
 fire of wine irith water, (=: dilute it), 
 cf. (poet.), Quis puer ocius restinguet 
 ardentis Falerni pocula praetereunte 
 lynipha? Hor. Od. 2, 11, 20. 2. ex- 
 stinguo, 5 : '/Tiey quench their life, as 
 H'eli as thirst, in drink, Nee prius est 
 exstincta sitis, quam vita, bibendo, Ov. 
 M. 7, 569 (adapted) : cf. " every draught, 
 to him that hath quenched his thirst, is 
 but a further quenching of nature," 
 Siiuth. 3. pello, pepuli, pulsum, j: 
 (the dropsical drinker') fails to q. his 
 thirst, nee sitim pellit, Hor. Od. 2, 2, 14. 
 Comp. depello, ; : cf. cum cibo et po- 
 tione fames sitisquedepulsaest.Cic. Fin. 
 
 1. II. J7- 4. finio, 4 : if no amount 
 of water could q. your thirst, si tibi nulla 
 sitim finiret copia lyniphae, Hor. Ep 2, 
 2, 146. 5. sedo, 1 (to allaii) : cf. Lucr. 
 
 2, 66j, (of flocks) Ex unoque sitim se- 
 danteis flumine aquai : (lit. and fig. 
 thirst). And while he seeks to if. his thirst, 
 another thirst has grown, Dumque sitim 
 sedare cupit. sitis altera crevit. Ov. M. 
 J, 415 : cf. famem ac sitim sedare, Plin. 
 II, 54, 119: to q. one's thirst with a 
 draught of cold water, * sitim haustu 
 gelidae aquae sedare. 6. placo, i : 
 sitim pi.. Mart, i, 50. 7. 'evo, i ; (to 
 relieve) : with abl. To q. one's burning 
 thirst at foreign springs, (fig. for njili- 
 tavy service), Nee siccam Getico fonte 
 levare sitim, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 26 : (lit. and 
 fig.), They q. in wine at once their cares 
 and thirst, vinoque levant curasque 
 sitimque, id. M. 12, i;6. With de »nd 
 abl. ; cf. Clitorioquicumque sitim de fonte 
 levarit, id. ib. 15, J22 : compd., relevare 
 sitim, id. ib. 6, 554- 8. expleo, evi, 
 etum, 2 (to satisfy, to appease) : esp. in 
 fig. sense : cf. quas (literas Graecas) sic 
 avide arripui, quasi diuturnam sitim ex- 
 plere eupiens, Cic. Sen. 8, 26. Join : 
 expleo and satio, i (still stronger): 
 neque enim expletur unqiiam nee sa- 
 tiatur cupiditatis sitis (q.'d or satisfied), 
 Cic. Parad. i, 6, 7. 9. Less. usu. verbs : 
 (i.) sitim deponere, with in : cf. (venit 
 leaena) Depositura sitim vicini fontis in 
 unda, Ov. M. 4, 98 : (ii.) s. ccmpescere 
 (= to ass^Mge), with abl. ; ut lea saeva 
 sitim multa compescuit unda (iriih a 
 deep draught), id. ib. 4, 102 : (iii.) s. 
 iivertfire (= to drive auuy), with abl. 
 fluvio : Sil. 8, 572 : (iv.) s. defendere : 
 to q. thirst with pure spring water 
 (unmixed with wine), fonte sitim et 
 pura soliti defendere lympha, id. 7, 170 : 
 (▼.) s. reprimere (to keep down, to as- 
 suage : only for a time) : haec (aqua) 
 
 paulisper {for a little while) repressit 
 sitim. Curt. 7, 5 : (vi.) s. cohlbere, Plin. 
 20, 17, fin., and prChibere, Claudian 
 Phoenic. 14 : (vii.) vindicor a siti (to be 
 freed from) : he may ordy q. his thirst 
 with ivater, potione aquae a siti vindicari 
 debet : (viii.) Pass, to be quenched {thirst 
 as 9ubj.), cesso, 1 : cf. Ov. M. ij, 768-9 
 (fig. insatiable thirst for blood), Caedis 
 amor, feritasque, sitisque immensa era 
 oris, eessant. Also expr. by pass, of the 
 above verbs. Transf. (of the drought 
 of summer) ; cf. sitis aestatis restin- 
 guitur fontibus, Col. 11, j. |V. Fig. : 
 to destroy (cf " to quench his immor- 
 tality," Campbell's Last Man). 1. re- 
 stinguo, J : cf. animos honiinum sen- 
 susque morte reslingui, Cic. Sest. 21, 47 : 
 to q. his race, genus suum rest., PI. Trin. 
 }. 2, 50. 2. exstinguo, j : cf. si non 
 cum corpore exsiinguuntur magnae 
 animae, Tac. Agr. 46 : to q. in oblivion, 
 ublivione posteritatis exst., Cic. Rep. 6, 
 2J, fin. : their ancient military glory 
 being q.'d, superiore gloria rei militarls 
 exlincta, Cixe,s. B. G. 5, 29. Join: exst. 
 atque opprimere (to q. and crush), Cic. 
 R. A. I}, 36. Join: exst. and re- 
 primere: cf. memoria, non exstincta, 
 sed repressa vetustate {not q.'d, but sup- 
 pressed by lapse of time), id. Coel. jo : 
 
 V. TO CRUSH : TO DESTROY : TO EXTIN- 
 GUISH : TO PUT DOWN : TO PUT OUT. 
 
 quench («• n.): (obs.) to grow cool 
 (" Dost thou think in time she will not 
 q. .-•" Shaksp. Cymb.) : defervesco, vi (late 
 bui), J: refrigeror, i,pass.: v. to cool. 
 
 quenchable : exstlngulbilis, e (late 
 and rare). F i g. (auimae) si non exstin- 
 guibiles in totum fiant {subject to anni- 
 hilation), Lactant. Just. 7, 20 : also, quod 
 exstingui potest. 
 
 quencher : exslinctor, oris. m. (rare) : 
 cf. sedebas, non exstinctor sed auctor 
 incendii (pot quenching, but fanning 
 the flames), Cic. Pis. 11, 26: v. ex- 
 tinguisher. Fig.: exst. conjurationis, 
 Auct. Or. pro Domo, j8, loi : ext. 
 regiae domus (Cassandra), Just. 16, I: 
 v. DiiSTEoyER : ANNiHiLATOR: also expr. 
 by the verbs. 
 
 quenching (subs.) .- 1. exstinctus, 
 us, TO. ; of lamps, cf. odor a lucernarum 
 exstinctu, Plin. 7, 7, s. 2. exstinctio, 
 onis,/. : (fig. = annihilati<m), Ck.Tudc. 
 I, 49, 117 : V. extinction. 3. re- 
 stiiictio, /. : of thirst, Cic. Fin. 2, J, 9 
 (/oc. sup. cit. : V. to quench. No. III., 1). 
 Also expr. by verbs, esp. gerunds and 
 gerundives: a q. of nature (South) : v. 
 to quench. No. III., 2. 
 
 quenching {a<lj) •■ exstinctor, m., 
 and by anal., -trix, /. and n. : cf. L. G. 
 ^ 598. (No good authority for exstin- 
 guens as adj. though it can be used with 
 object expressed.) 
 
 quenchless : used of fire, lit. and 
 fig. (•' I dare your q. fury to more rage," 
 Shaksp. : " He fills a burnished throne of 
 q. fire," Crashaw): and of thirst: also 
 of destruction : \, inexstincttis ; cf. 
 
 Ignis inexstinctus templo celatur in 
 i\\o {= a pel pelual fire), Ov. F. 6, 297: 
 libido (= insatiable), id. ib. i, 41J : 
 nomen (= imperishable), id. Tr. 5, 14, 
 j6. Also (late) inexstinguibllis : flamma, 
 Lact. 7, 19: lunis, Vulg. Matt. iii. 12: 
 Luc. iii. 17: Marc. ix. 44: v. unextin- 
 
 GUISHABLE, CNQUEKCHABLE. 2. ineX- 
 
 plebilis : inexpletus : v. insatiable. 
 
 3, importiinus : tlie man possessed 
 
 by q. thirst of gold, ct. quem tenet ar- 
 
 genti sitis importuna famesque. Hor. Ep. 
 
 I, l8, 2J : V. OVERl'OWKBING. 
 
 querimonious {adj.) .- ^ly 
 
 (adv.) : ness (subs.) : v. com- 
 plaining : QUERULOUS : and, for poetic 
 sense : plaintive : " most querimo- 
 niously confessing" (Denham), *cuin 
 questu et maerore. 
 
 querist ; one who puts questions : 
 ("my gentle q.," Spectator: "some in- 
 structed querist," Swift): percontator: 
 interrogator: v. questioner. 
 
 quern: a hand-mill: m81a triisar 
 tnis. Cat. R. R. lo, 4: Gell. i, }: mola 
 versatllis, Plin. j6, 18, 29, } U5 : or 
 (simply) molii,/.
 
 QUE RPO 
 
 QUEST 
 
 QUESTION 
 
 querpo (Span, cuerpo = corpus) : o 
 ctMe-fMing vest : In the phr. to walk in 
 qaerpo, 'sine pallio incedere (Aiiisw.) 
 
 querulous ; 1. qufrulus of 
 
 persons : Vie uUl man exacting, q., (senex) 
 difficilis, querulus, Hor. A. I'. 17} ; (ab- 
 stract) misfortune is q., nam et cala- 
 mltas q. est et superba felicitas, Curt. 5, 
 5, 12 : of the voice, cries, and sounds 
 (both in usu. sense, and poet, for com- 
 plaining and plaintive, q. v.) : q. vox, 
 Ov. A. A. 2, jo8 : q. cries, q. ululatus, 
 cf. Implevique sacrum querulis ululaii- 
 bus Iden, id. H. 5, 7?: esp. of shrill 
 sounds (freq. in Latin, but rare in Kng., 
 e. g. "As unolled hinges querulously 
 shrill," Young) : v. shbili. : cf. q. 
 chordae (of the lyre), i'i. Am. 2, 4, 27 ; 
 q. tibia, Hor. Od. }, 7, jo : the q. cicalas, 
 q. cicadae, Virg. G. }, 528 : esp if young 
 birds chirping in the nest: q. nidus 
 volucrum, Ov. Med. fac. 77: her q. nest 
 (or home), q. donius, Stat. Thcb. 5, 
 602. Deriv. ailj. 'JiuSrulosus (late and 
 rare): cf. murmurator^s q , Vulc. Kplst. 
 Jud. 16 (" mtirmurers. complainers," 
 A. v.). 2. qufilbimdus: q. old age. 
 q. senectus. Sil. i {. 585 : in a lo'id q. 
 tone, ( = loudly complaining), magna et 
 q. voce, (opp. to supprcssa voce, vith 
 bated breath), Cic. Sull. to, jo. 3. 
 expr. by subs. : (I) querela, /. .- an 
 angry q. letter, epistola plena stomachi 
 et querelarum. Cic. Q. F. j, 8: (poet.) a 
 <J. song, or ditty, cf. longa soninum sua- 
 dere querela, Stat. I'h. 5, 616: to pour 
 forth sweet q. strains, cf. liulcesque 
 querelas. Tibia quas fundit. l-ucr. 4, 
 585: cf. (of dying swans) tollunt lugu- 
 bri vtKe q., id. ib. 547. (2) queslus, us, 
 m. : she pours forth her q. cries, effundit 
 in aera questus, Ov. M. 9. J70: the q. 
 strains (of the ninhtiiigale): cf. maestis 
 late loca questibus implet, Virg. G. 4, 
 51} (coflum. id. Aen. 9, 480)- cf. questu 
 vano claniitiire, Phaedr. i, 9, 7. (3) 
 querimonia, /. ; q. complaints (of the 
 vices of the age), tristes q.. Hor. Od. j, 
 24, J } (cf. " the complaints of the queru- 
 lous," I-ocke). (4) conquestio. ./'. ; a q. 
 recalling of past griefs, dolorum prae- 
 teritorum conq.. Sen. Ep. 78. 4. ^^V- 
 by the verbs qugror, ;, dep. : conqueror: 
 
 V. TO COMPLAIN : COMPLAINING. 
 
 querulously: e.\pr. by adj. agree- 
 ing with subject or by voce querula : by 
 particip. qucrens, conquerens : or by 
 tubs., e. g. cum questu : cum maerore. 
 
 quendousneSS : expr. by adj.. anci 
 perh. by questiis, us, m. (X. B.— querela 
 and querimonia are usually, if not al- 
 ways, concrete.) 
 
 query (,subs.) .- (e. g. "to propose 
 some queries," Newton : " a q. that 
 might 1)6 demanded," South) : qiiaestio, 
 /. : dubitatio, /. : v. (jukstion: to put a 
 q. to a pasaage (in a book), "notam 
 quaestionis or dubitationis ad locum ap- 
 ponere (cf. Cic. Fam. i ?, 6 ; v. to put 
 AG.nNST) : Or, briefly, *t apponere (i. e. 
 the mark t). 
 
 query ("■) •■ (" Three Cambridge 
 sophs, Filch prompt to querj', answer, 
 and debate," Pope); quaero, j. and freq. 
 quaerlto, I : quacsiiones proponere : to 
 q. a statement. dniMnUoncm aficrre: in 
 dubium vucare : v. to question : to q. 
 apasmije, v. sup. quf.uv (subs.). 
 
 quest (sidis.) : I, A diligent, eager, 
 search (usu, in the phr. in quest of: 
 but often absol.) : 1. expr. by subs. : 
 (i.) quaesitio, /. : Pst/che bent on the q. 
 for Cupid. Psyche quaesitioni Ciipidiiiis 
 iiitcntii, Apul. M. 5, p. 171: (ii.) inqui- 
 .?itio,/. ; absol., the q for truth : .loin, 
 Inq. atque investigatio ; cf. hominis est 
 propria veri inquisitio atque investi- 
 gatio, Cic. Off. I, 4, I J: m q. oA inqui- 
 sitione : ((he hyena is said) to be the 
 only beast that rifles tombs in quest of 
 dead bodies, ab uno animali sepulcra 
 erui inquisitione corporum. Plin. 8, }0. 
 44: to send a person anywhere in q. of. 
 mittere ad inqulsltionem (with ge7t. of 
 thing and in of place): cf. Amyntam 
 cum decern triremibus In Macedonian) 
 ad inq. uovonim mili'um (in q. »/' re- 
 cruits). Curt. 4. 6, Jin. : dot. in the 
 
 phr., take care I don't come in q. of you, 
 sed tu cave inquisitionl mihl sis, PI. 
 Casin. j. I, fin. (iii.) quaestio, /. (In 
 sim. phr.) : tibi ne quaestioni essemus, 
 id. Capt. 2. J, J : and in abl. with In, 
 cave fuas mihi in quaestione. Id. Pers. I, 
 I, 52. (Note: the aW. quaesitu, Plin. 5,9, 
 10, init., is an inferior reading.) (Iv.) 
 stadium, n. : v. pri^ciT. A pers^m 
 in q. of, quaesitor, m., Pacat. Pan. 
 Thcfid. 28 : inquisitor : one in q. of 
 the facts of science, nnmi tiuturae inq.. 
 Sen. y. N. 6, i; : cf. rerum inquisitorem 
 dec^t esse sapientem, Cic. fr. Acad. ap. 
 Aug. conlr. Acad. 2, II : v. inquiker: 
 INVESTIGATOR. 2. more gen. e.xpr. 
 by verbs : ^I.) quaero, sivl or sfi, itum, 
 }, (to he in q. of), with ace. (cf. TO seek) : 
 you're the very person I tvas in q. of, 
 te ipsum quaerebam, Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 
 i : to go in q. of, ire quai'sitiim : esp. 
 with sil)l : what '. you're going to risk 
 my life in q. of praise for yourself. 
 in mea vita tu tlbi laudem is quaesitum, 
 id. ib. 2, ), 74. Kxpr. in q. oj (without 
 to be) by qnacrens, quaerendo, in quae- 
 rendo : absol., I have worn oat in llial q. 
 the b'St of viy life,f3WT'\\\ in quaerendo 
 vitam atijue aeuitem mean), id. Ad. ;. 4, 
 i;: / /,-noio this q. of v'ws (Milton), 
 •quid nunc qiiaeratis scio : *(/ go) to 
 search vith wandering q. (a place, id.), 
 •ut vagus errando quaeram . or, *tene- 
 brasque pererrans, yuaero, (ii.) freq. 
 quaerito, i: to be in q. of a lodging, 
 hospltlum ab aliquo qnaer., PI. Pocn. ?, 
 J, 77. (iii.) Comp.. inquiro, j, to make 
 a q. after or through, with in and ace. ; 
 cf. totumque mquirit in orbem, Ov. M. 
 12, 65: absol., e.xpr. by inquiri (^pass. 
 impers.), cf. Tac. G. J4, cf. obstitit 
 Oceanus in se simul et in Herculera 
 inquiri {opposed, or forbade the q., at 
 once into its own secrets and after 
 S.). (iv.) Esp. conquiro, j. to make 
 a tliorough q. after (cf. TO search 
 for) : he orders a q. to be made for, 
 etc., conquiri Diodorum tota i)rovincla 
 jubet, Cic. Verr. 4. 19, 20 : cf. con- 
 quirere et comburere valicinios libros, 
 Liv. J9, 16 : placula irae deum conq., 
 I.iv. 40, J7 : to make a (srimtific) q. 
 into, etc., naturae primas causas conq., 
 Cic. Tim. 14: in q.<f cons<ilati(m, solatia. 
 conquirens, Tac. A. 12, 68: is it north 
 while to go in q. of arguments f libet 
 conq. argumenta. Id. A. 14, 44: or (is 
 it the purpose of life) to go in q. of pleo/. 
 sures from every source f an ul con- 
 quirat undique suavititcs, (Tic. Off. j, 
 JJ, 117 : cf. qui non necessarias conqui- 
 rerent volnplates, Ciies. B. C. }, 96 : with 
 studium : the vulgar q. of lovirs is not 
 theirs, Non illis studium vulgo con- 
 quirere amantes, Prop, i, 2, 2}. (v.) 
 perquiro. } : he nrites to. etc., to make a 
 q. for those ves.<!els, scribit ad quosdam 
 Melitenses, ut ea vasa perquinint, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 18, 59 ; the q. for (e. g. natural 
 science), expr. by gerund ; cf. Vide- 
 musne, ut pueri ne verberibus quidem 
 a contemplandis rebus perquirendisque 
 deterreantur ? ut pulsi requirant (how 
 they resume the q.) id. Fin. 5, 18, 48 : 
 the object of our q. is, perquiritur (also, 
 exquiritur) : cf. aut ipsa cognilio rei 
 scientiaque perquiritur ; aut agendi con- 
 slliun) e.xquiritur, id. de Or. j, 29, Il2. 
 (vi.) requiro, }, to renew the q. ; to make 
 repeated search for: cf. Cic. loc. sup. 
 cit. : cf. Ubros req., Cic. Fin. j, } : scripta 
 SCtis abolita. Suet. Cal. 16 : artus, ossa, 
 Ov. M. 2, Jj6 : (of knowledge) : the 
 Greelcs, vJio are in q. of truth. Graios, 
 qui vera requirunt, I^ucr. i, 641 : some 
 things hide them.<:elves from our q.. etc.. 
 quaedam requisita seoccultjint, et eadem 
 forte succurnmt, Quint. 11, 2, 7: reveal 
 to my q., etc., pande requirenti nomen 
 terraoque. tuaeque. Ov. M. 4, 680: 
 (passing into the sense of quest = re- 
 quest, q. v.). (vii.) anquiro, } ( — to 
 search for all round): to go in q. of 
 some one (with a si)eclal purpose), ali- 
 quem anq. (foil, by stdij. clause), 
 Cic. Am. 2!, 87: cf. omnia quae sunt 
 ad vivendum iiece.ssaria tmquirere et 
 parare, id. Off. 1,4, 11: adi:. with eager 
 
 and anxiout 9., satis aiiquislte, satlsqoe 
 sollicit*, Gell. I, i, 9: comp. cf. anqul- 
 sitius et exuciius pri-s.siu.-quf, id. i, j, 
 21. II, A judicial inquiry or intfj- 
 
 ligation : expr. by the subs, quui-stlo, 
 Inquisitio; and by the verbs quaero, 
 inquiro, perquiro, anquiro : v. ixqli->t: 
 inquisition : examination- : inqciev : 
 TRIAL. III. Tlie court or body (e.g. 
 of jurymen) who makK an xnquisitim\ : 
 quaestio: cf. totara qiiai^stionem a s<-veri- 
 tate ad clementiam traiistulit, VaL Max. 
 8, I, n. 6. 
 
 question (s"'»«.) ■• |, a q. ashed, to 
 obtain an answer : 1. the concrete is 
 properly expressed by the n. xt the 
 particips. : rogiitum ; interroRiitum : to 
 answer a q., ad rugatiim respondere : cf. 
 ad interrogata respoiidere, Cic. Or. 40 : 
 also by the verbs : (i.) quaero, j : he 
 answered Uie q.s put to him, sumnia 
 constantia ud ea, quae quaesila erant, 
 respondebat, Cic. Phil, i, i : (ii.) rOgo, 
 I : / ask you this q., hoc te rogo, PL 
 I'rin. 4, 2, 85: ansuer »i 1/ </., n'r .' hoc 
 quod te rogo respoiide mihi, id. Merc 
 I, 101 : id. Asln. j, 2. J2 ; noio tcill you 
 ansicer me tJiis q. T etiam tu hoc re- 
 spondes ? Ter. Andr. 2, 2, 8 thal't not 
 an answer to my q.. aliud te rogo, Id. 
 Most. 5, I, 70: sirrah! Iioiv dare you 
 fence with my q. f eho, verbero, aliuil 
 mihi respondes ac rogo? id. I'horm. 4, 
 4, J : why do you ask me Oiat q. t quid 
 me istud rogas ? iiiquam, Stoicog roga, 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 28,^n. .- (without thepron.); 
 do you ask the q. ? rogas, Cic MiL 22, 59 : 
 you answer before I ask my q., prius 
 respondes quam rogo, PI. Merc. 2, J, 1 19 : 
 Ly. / want to ask you this one q. ; Pa. 
 I'll answer it : Ly. Rogare hoc unum te 
 volo ; J'a. Roganti re^pondebo, iil. lb. }, 
 t, 17. Freq. rOgito, i : I'm hoarse nith 
 aslcitig qj, rogitando sum raucus factus, 
 PL F^pid. 2, 2, 16 : are you mad, to ask 
 me that q.f satin sanu's, qui me id 
 rogites? Ter. Andr. 4, 4, 10. (iil.) inter- 
 rogo : cf. hoc quid te interrogo, resi>onde, 
 id. ib. I, 2, 70 : ace. of pers. : asking them 
 q.s, interrogantem eos, Vulg. Luc. ii. 46: 
 one (of them) asked him a q.. interro- 
 gavit eum unus, id. Matt. xxii. J5 ; cf. 
 ib. 26 : they durst not a.<k him any more 
 q.s. et amplius non aiidcbani eum quid- 
 quam inter., id. Luc. xx. 40 (cf. Marc, 
 xii. 54) : (ace. of thing), asking no q.t, 
 nihil interrogantes propter conscientiam, 
 I Cor. xii. 25: with 2 Of-xs., I also wilt 
 ask you one q., interrogabo vos et ego 
 unum, id. Marc. xi. 29. Hence adj$^ 
 interrogativus, jndting q.s, v. inti-3ko- 
 GATIVE : interrOgatorius, consisting of 
 q.s, v. interrogatory, (iv.) percontor, 
 I, dep., with ace. ; to ask a Jen- qj, per- 
 cuntari pauca, Cic. Acad. 1, i : with 2 
 aces. ; there are some q.s ux nant to ask 
 you, sunt quae te \olumus percontari, 
 PI. Ps. I, 5, 47: also with ace. of pers. 
 and abL: v. to qhestion : ask no qj, 
 percontari desine : cf. to fit (a q.) : 
 to question : to ask : to answer. 
 (Note : the concretes ropiimeiitum, n. 
 [Apul. Dogm. Plat }, p. Ji). and inter- 
 rOgamentum, n. [Gloss. Philox.], are 
 late and very rare.) 2. -V'^^tr. sidit. 
 (= questioning), sometimes usmI as ct)n- 
 crel6 (= question), (i.) quaestio, onls, 
 /. ; (rare in this .sense). CIc. .\cad. 2, 8 
 (but perh. rather inqiirv or skkkino) : 
 hence, dim. quaestlunciila, a brief q. : 
 cf. quaestiunculis te faclebam atten- 
 tiorem. Cic. Fam. 9, ift: and adv. in thi 
 form of a q.. quaestioiiallt<T, Fulg. de 
 "Pri.sc. Serm. n. 16. (ii.) inierrOeatio./.; 
 and (more rarely) the simple rOgalio, 
 /. : to persi.'^t in a q. (or tn asK-ing : or, 
 to insist on an answer), plane instare 
 interrogalionl, Quint 6. ?. j8 : usu. for 
 a q. put rhetorically, in an argument, 
 and the method of argument by putting 
 qj : cf. aliter pro Caelio, ficta interro- 
 galioni, Quint. 9, 2, 15: « captious or 
 sophistical q., captlosa Int., i-aptlosum 
 genus int.s : cf. animl fallacibus et cap- 
 tiosis liiterrogallonibus cinrumscripti 
 atque decepti, Cic. Acad. 2, 15. 46: ct 
 quod capilosisslmo genere inlerroga- 
 tionls utuntur, id. ib. 16. 49 : (also 
 621
 
 QUESTION 
 
 QUESTION 
 
 QUESTION 
 
 captio, /., V. SOPHISM) : to ask captious 
 or insidious q.s, captiose interrogare : 
 cf. sic (fig. : like a prudent driver) me 
 anie sustineo {I pull up, i. e. stop), nee 
 diutius captiose interroganti respondeo, 
 id. ib. 29, 94. Join: rogatio et per- 
 contatio : cf. rogatio atque huic finitima 
 quasi percontatio, Cic. de Or. j, 5J, 2oj 
 
 (cf. Quint. 9, I, 29) : V. INTERROGATION. 
 
 (iii.) percontatio, or percunctatio, /. 
 (= inquiry) : cf. percontationibus niliil 
 reperire, Caca. B. G. 5, ij : his tdiole. re- 
 port of that conversation vas derived 
 from the q.s he asked his son about, etc., 
 omnis iUe sermo ductus e percontatione 
 Clii, quid in senatu esset actum, Cic. 
 Brut. 60, 218: cf. id. Tim. i. v. guES- 
 TioNiKG : in rhetoric, cf. id. de Or. }, 5;, 
 20J, V. sup. s. rogatio. (iv.) aenigraa, 
 atis, n., a puzzling q. (v. riddle) : cf. 
 
 i Reg. X. i-», regina Sabae venit 
 
 tentare eum in aenigmatibus (s/te came 
 to prove him with hard q.s): et docuit 
 earn Salomon omnia verba quae pro- 
 posuerat (told her all her g.s) cf. 2 Para- 
 lip, ix. 1-2, et e.\posuit ei S. omnia 
 quae proposuerat, nee quidquam fuit 
 quod nun perspicuura ei fecerit {there 
 was no q. uhich he did not solve). 
 II, Hence : tlie suggestion of a 
 doubt (opp. to unquestioning assent) : 
 dubitatio; v. Df)UUT ; also expr. by phrr. 
 with dCiblus and dubito : dubium esse 
 (with siibj. of the thing in q.), esp. in 
 the negative : '/ there should he any q. 
 of it, si quid erit dubium, PI. Kpid. 5, i, 
 40 : well ! is there any q. of it? oh ! 
 dubiumne Id est.> Ter. Eun. i, 2, 49; 
 there's no q. about that, at all everU,!^, 
 baud dubium id quidem est, PI. PoHi. j, 
 4, 2'] : with quin ; there's no q. of my 
 son's refusal to marry, non dubium 'st 
 quin uxorem nolit tilius, Ter. And. i, 
 2, I : with de; [never had (or made) 
 any q. about, etc., de Pompeii exiu 
 mihi dubium nunquam fuit, Cic. Att. 
 11,6: with a depend interrog. (in less 
 strong sense), it's ''• q. wh ich of us is the 
 more modest, hue ergo, credo, dubium 
 est, uter nostrum sit veiecundior, id. 
 Acad. 2, 41, 126: (so, of an historical 
 fact), Ambiorix copias suas judicione 
 non conduxerit, an tempore exclusus, 
 dubium est. Caes. B. G. 6, } i : with ace. 
 and in/in., there's no q. but I'm ruined 
 too, periisse me una baud dubium est, 
 Ter. Hec. ?, 1,46: dubium, absoL: cf. codi- 
 cilli, dubium ad quem scripti, Quint. 7, 
 2, 52 : dubium an quaesita morte, Tac. 
 I, 5: with in; non est in dubio (foil. 
 by dandum), Plin. 25, ;, 24: tvitkout 
 q., beyond q., out of q. (Shaksp.), sine 
 dubio ; and (rarely) procul dubio : v. 
 
 UNQtIESTIONABLY : DOUBTLESS : to Call 
 
 in }.. to make q. of, in dubium vocare, 
 venire : dubium habere. Phrr. with 
 diibito, I : in a case ivtiere there is no 
 q. of the fact or of its nature, ubi et 
 factum esse certum est, nee dubitatur 
 quid sit quod factum est. Quint. ?, 6, 41 : 
 / make no q. of it, nuUus dubito : v. to 
 
 QUESTION : TO DODBT. |||. A question 
 
 proposed for solution, or raised for dis- 
 cussion : a question at issue, in science, 
 dialectics, or law : 1, quaestio, /., gen. 
 term: cf. Quint. 7, i, 6, foil, (several 
 exx. : also of the verb, quaerittir) : si 
 confessum, non poterat Ibi e.sse quaes- 
 tionem {there could be no q. so far) : 
 x.t primum coeperit non convenire, q. 
 oriebatur (o q. then arose) : non fuerunt 
 adulter! . fuerunt: quaestio (</i«-e comes 
 the q.), ib. 1 : de jure quaeritur {the q. of 
 right is raised), ib. 8 : considerarl debet, 
 quid primam quaestionem facial (nhat 
 point first raises a q.), ib. : ex conjuncta 
 propositione plures esse quaestiones 
 possunt {out of an issue joined many 
 q.s may arise), ib. 9 : videnduin est in 
 re q.m instituamus an in scripto {whether 
 to raAse a q. upon a fact or a document), 
 ib. ij : nee tamen semper ex una lege 
 q. est {does the q. depend on a siTigle 
 law), ib. 15: cf. Cic. Inv. i, ij (defin.), 
 q. est quae ex conflictione causarum 
 gigniiur controversla, hoc modo, JYon 
 jure fecisti : Jure feci : more gen. of 
 the subject of debate: cf. id. Top. 21, 
 622 
 
 quaestionum duo sunt genera: alterum 
 infinitum, alterum definiluni : of a par- 
 ticular point raised in a deliate; this 
 q., or argument, is thus met by the 
 Stoics, huic quaestioni, sive argumeuto, 
 ita a Stoieis occuiritur. Lactam. 7, 20: 
 in the widest sense ; cf. perdiflBcilis el 
 perobscura q. est de natura deorum, 
 Cic. N. D. I, I : but at this point 
 there arises a q. of some difficulty, 
 whether, etc., exsistit auterp iTOc loco 
 quaedam q. subdifBcilis ; mm quando 
 
 amici novi veteribus oint anle- 
 
 ponendi, id. Am. 19, 67. To put or 
 propose a q., quaestionem ponere, pro- 
 ponere ; or, ponere (alone) : v. TO put : 
 to discuss a q. of fact, cf. q. enim 
 tractatur rei, an facta sit. Quint, j, 6, 
 40 : let the q. be put off to another tim€, 
 in aliud tempus q. d'ifferatur, Cic. Fin. 
 ;, 16, 45 : a g. of intention, mentis q., 
 ib. : q.s of what is honourable, right, 
 expedient, cf. cui subjacent omnes de 
 hoiiestis, jnstis, utilibus, quaestiones, 
 ib. 41 : q.s about money, (in) pecuniariis 
 q.bus, Quint. 12, i, 26 : a q. about boun- 
 daries, quaestio finalis, Papin. Dig. 10, 
 I, II ■ Sid. Ep. 8, 14 (also controversia 
 de finibus, or finalis ; jurgium finale. 
 Leg. Agr. ^41-2, Goes.). Phr. : our 
 neighbours here have a q. about their 
 boundaries, vicini no^tri hie ambignnt 
 de finibus, Ter. Heaut. }, 1, qp- an 
 umpire appointed in a boundary q., 
 cf. arbiter Nolanis et Neapolitanis de 
 finibus a senatu datus, Cic. Off. i, 10, ? j : 
 a q. arose betiieen some etc. and etc. about 
 etc., facia est q. ex discipulis Joaiinis 
 cum Jiidaeis de purificatione, Vulg. Jo. 
 iii 25: but, if it be a q. nfuoids and 
 names, si vero q.s sunt de verbo et 
 nominibus, id. Act. xviii. 15 : cf. id. 
 I I'im. vi. 4, languens {doting) circa q.s 
 et Dugnas verborum : to be accused of 
 q.» of their law, accusari de quaes- 
 tionibus legis ipsorum, id. Act. xxiii. 29 
 (cf. q.s vero quasdara de sua supersti- 
 tione, ib. xxv. 19) : which only give rise 
 to qj:, quae q.s praestant, id. i Tim. i. 4 : 
 foolish, unlearned, useless, vain q.s. ; cf. 
 stultas autem et sine disciplina q s yita, 
 
 id. 2 Tim. ii. 2J : (cf devita, sunt 
 
 enim iiiutiles et vanae, id. Tit. iii. 9): 
 skilful in q.s, etc., cf. te sciente omnia et 
 quae apud Judaeos sunt consuetudines 
 et q.s, id. Act. xxvi. j. Dim., quaestiun- 
 cQla, /., a minor q. arising out of one 
 mote general : cf. his proposilis. q. 
 multae nascuntur {many lesser q.s arise), 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51 : also, a trifling or 
 petty q., cf. mihi nunc vos quaestiun- 
 culam, de qua meo arbitratu loquar, 
 ponitis? id. de Or. i, 22, 102: ef. sunt 
 etiam nonnulli acuendis puerorum in- 
 geniis non inuiiles lusus, quuni positis 
 invicem quaestiunculis aemulanlur. 
 Quint. I, ?, II. (Note: in the same 
 sense, r6gatiuncula: ef. that Chrysippus 
 used to Might in putting the following 
 petty q., ilium in hac esse rogatiuncula 
 delectatum., Cic. Fin. i, II, J9.) Also 
 expr. by the verb, quaere, j, esp. in the 
 pass, impers., quaeritur ; quaesitum est : 
 quaerendum est : a q. is raised about the 
 quality and form of things, nam et 
 (lualis sit cujusque rei natura et quae 
 forma, quaeritur, Quint. 7, 4, i : as 
 though it uei-e a q. of fact, tanquam 
 de facto quaereretur, id. }, 6, 40: the 
 thing (or point) in q., quaestio, or id de 
 quo quaeritur. N.B. — Quaestio and 
 quaeritur are often used in the same 
 connection : cf. totius enim quaestionis 
 ejus, quae habetur de finibus bonortim 
 et malorum (quum quaeritur, in his 
 quid sit exlremum, quid ultimum) fons, 
 etc., etc. Fin. 5, 6, 17. 2. disceptatio, 
 /. (a point in debate, and the debate 
 itself). Join: disc, et quaestio : cf. 
 quaecumque in disceptationem quaes- 
 tionemque vocarentur {whatever might 
 be the q. iv debate), C\c. de Or. ?, 22, 129 : 
 (the branch nf rhetoric) which is con- 
 cerned with forensir. q.s, quae in foren- 
 sibus diseeptationibus judlciorum aut 
 deliberalionum versaretur, id. ib. i, 6, 
 22 . no q. of law can be settled except, etc., 
 neque enim ulla juris disc, nis' finitione. 
 
 etc., potest explicari. Quint. 3, 6, 82 ; 
 though there was no dispute about the 
 fact, he wisfied the q. of right to be 
 argued, quum esset controversia nulla 
 facti, juris tamen disceptationem esse 
 voluit. Cic. Mil. 9, 2J : a q. of uords (or 
 of verbal discussion), cf. si verborum 
 disceptationis res esset, Liv. 21, 19 : also 
 expr. by the verb, ef. id. ib. paulo ante, 
 de foederum jure verbis diseeptare {to 
 discuss a verbal q. about, etc.) : also by 
 the pass, impers. : v. to debate : TO 
 DISCUSS. Dispiitatio may also be used : 
 cf. Cic. de Or. j, 22, 126. 3. contro- 
 versia, /. (a q. more formally discussed, 
 esp. a. lawsuit) : with de of the thing, 
 dat. of pers. ; suppose a q. of right 
 arises on one side or <m both, si aut alter! 
 a'it invieem utrique de jure fit contro- 
 versia. Quint. 7. 7, 9 : a q. of substance 
 or of quality, aut de substantia contro- 
 versiam esse, aut de quahtate. Quint. 
 J, 6, 59: with cum of diff. parties: the 
 q. bftiteen so-and-so, cf. ea controversia 
 quam hat)et de fuiido cum quodam 
 Colophouio, Cic. Fam. i J, 69 : with gen., 
 uiien a q. arose, as usual, etc., cum 
 quaedam in collibus, ut solet, contro- 
 versia pastorum esset orta. Cic. Clu. 
 59 161 : with inter : ef. controversia 
 est inter scriptores de numero annorum, 
 Cic. Brut. 18, 72. To bring on a q., to 
 bring a q. forward for d.iscussimt, rem 
 dueere in controversiam. Quint, j, 8, 52; 
 rem deducere in c, Caes. B. G. 7, 6j ; 
 rem adducere in c., Cic. de Or i, 40, i8j ; 
 rem in diceiidi e. aut disceptationem 
 vocare, id. ib. 2, 72, 291 : to raise a q., 
 c. facere : cf. in quo non aut res c. faciat, 
 aut verba, id. Or. 54, 121. Pass., it be- 
 comes a q., res in controversiam (quaet- 
 tionem, conteiitionem, disceptationem), 
 vocatur, adducltur, deducitur; or, vo- 
 cari, etc., potest; or, venit. Without, 
 beyond q., sine controversia, id. Off. 5, 2, 
 7 ; sine ulla controversia, id. Caecin. 7, 
 19 : there was no q. about, etc., at con- 
 troversia non erat, quin verum dicerent, 
 id. Caecin. 11, 11. A verbal q., el. verbi 
 enim c. tamdiu torquet Graeculos ho- 
 mines, id. de Orat. i, 11, 47 : omnem 
 contentionem esse inter homines doctos 
 in verb! controversia positam {turns 
 upon a verbal q.), ib. 2 j, 107. Thepoint in 
 q. is, etc., jure feceiit, et licueritne facere, 
 id in c. est, Auct, ad Her. i, 10, 17 : the 
 q. that remains open, quid in c. relin- 
 quatur, ib. (also in contr. versari) : q.s 
 upon the meaning of a document, con- 
 troversiae ex scripti interpretatiene, id. 
 de Or. I, 31. 140 : to define tite q. in dis- 
 pute, controversiam constituere, ib. ji, 
 14? : to settle a q., c. dirimere, id. 0£f. J, 
 }j,ii9. Phr.: (in argument) a begging 
 of the q., petitio principii (Med. Lat.). 
 (Note : use similarly, sometimes, dispu- 
 tatio, contentio.) 4. Hs, litis,/, (prop, 
 a legal term, but used generally) : the q. 
 is still unsettled (ur, tlie point is still in 
 q.), adhuc sub judice lis est, Hor. A. P. 
 78: to solve one hard q. by another, 
 litem lite resolvere, id. S. 2, j, loj. 
 5. expr. by such gen. words as res, 
 causa, pronouns, and neuters used sub- 
 stantively, with verbs of cognate sense : 
 [cf. CASE : MATTER] : esp. (i.) jlgtto, I : 
 Join: the orator ought to examine, 
 discuss, handle, and weigh all possible 
 q.s, oratorl omnia quaesita, disputata, 
 tractata, agitata esse debent, Cic. de Or. 
 J, 14 : while I turn over that q. in my 
 mind, quum eam rem in corde agito, PI. 
 True. 2, 5, }: the q. occupies his whole 
 thoughts, habet nihil aliud quod agitet 
 in mente, Cic N. D. i, 41 : these g.s 
 having been discussed, his rebns agl- 
 tatis, Caes. B. G. 7, 2 : (Note : the 
 simple ago, properly signifies formal 
 and especially Judicial treatment, but 
 is often the best word to use more 
 widely : see No. IV.) : (ii.) comp. cogito, 
 I : to turn over a q. in one's mind, 
 cogitare in animo, Ter. Ad. I, I, 5 : to 
 apply one's whole mind to a q., toto 
 animo cog., Cic. Fam. I, 7 : Join, agito 
 et cogito : vos saepius eandem rem {the 
 same q.) aniniis agitare et diutius uno 
 de teste cogitare potestis, id. Font. 6
 
 QUESTION 
 
 QUESTION 
 
 QUIBBLE 
 
 12 : comp. exc6g!to, i, to think out a q., 
 cf. ail haec igitur cogita, vel ()otius exco- 
 gltii, Cic. Alt. 9, 6, Jin. (iii.) I'h r. : to 
 dixuss a q. (of science, etc.), d« aliqua 
 re disputare, dlsst- rere : v. to discls-s : 
 the q. is (in conversalioii). scmio est 
 
 de V. CONVEKSATION: TO CONVERSE: 
 
 (iv.) to determine, decide, form a judg- 
 ment on a q., judico, i, with de (gen. 
 in legal sense), or ace. : men decide/ar 
 more q.s {form far more judgments) 
 from, etc., than, etc., plura enini miilto 
 Judicant odio, etc., qimin verilate, etc., 
 Cic. de Or. 2. 42, 178 : to form a 
 judgment on the whole q., de tota re et 
 causa judiraie, Cic. : such q.s are not 
 fudged of by number but by u eight, non 
 enim niimero haec Judiciintur, sed pon- 
 dere, id. Off. t, 12, "jg : (v.) to examine, 
 weigh, etc., q.s : exanilnare, perpi-ndfire, 
 etc. : see the verbs. |V. Hence, a 
 formal inquiry, esp. a judicial inves- 
 tigaticm ; v. inquikt : iNQiiismoN : 
 trial: 1. expr. gen. liy quaesiio, 
 
 quaeri, and other words given under 
 III. : cf. aestivum tempus inslnntis l>elll, 
 non qiiacstionis e^se arbitrabatur, (1. e. 
 for invesligating a q. of suspected trea- 
 son), Caes. B. G. 6, 4; cf. cum praetor 
 quaestioiiem inter sicarios exercuisset 
 (i. e. bad presided ai trials for assassi- 
 nation), Cic. Kin. 2, 16: wiih de of tlie 
 crime: cf constilultur q. d(^ lurto, Cic. 
 Clu. 64, 181 : q. de niorte viii habere, id. 
 ib. 65, 182: being in doubt about a q. 
 (i. e. a case) of that soit. haesitans 
 autem ego de ejusmodi quaestione, Vulg. 
 Act. XXV. 20 : to trii to eaciipe the q. (i. e. 
 to flee from trial), q. fURitare, Cic. R. A. 
 28, ',6: expr. by the veil) quaero: if. ut 
 Consules de re atroci mugnaqiie quaer- 
 erent, Cic. Brut. 22, 85 ; to raise a q. 
 (as a legal issue) : cf. cui ne quaerendi 
 quidem de morte jmtris poteslas pei- 
 mittitur, Cic. R. A. 28, 78. 2. expr. 
 by phrr. with jus. Judicium, and jiidico, 
 the q. itself being sometimes expressed 
 by res, causa, or a pronoun [v. case : 
 MATTER: issue]: to gice an opinion on 
 a q. of law, de jure alicui respoiideie, 
 Cic. de Or 2, }}: to bring a q. to trial, 
 deducere causam aliquam In judicium, 
 Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 7 : (also, rem in me- 
 dium vocave, Cic. Clu. 28) : to give 
 judgment on a q., jus dicere, (Cic.) ; — 
 between (the parties), de re Judicare 
 inter, id. de Or. i, jg, 176 : to decide a q. 
 against (a party), aliquid contra ali- 
 quem judicare, id. Flacc. 20 : to call any 
 one in q. {bring him to a legal account 
 for his conduct), aliquem in jus vocare, 
 Cic. Quint. 19 ; in judicium vocare, id. 
 Balb. 28 : (in crimen vocare, Nep. Tim. 
 j) : expr. by the verb with de, cf. de spe 
 et resurrectione mortu<irum ego judicor, 
 Vulg.Act.xxiii.6;cf.xxiv.2i. 3. expr. 
 by argiio, j ; with gt^n. of the offence ; 
 cf. virus mortuos summi sceleris arg., 
 Cic Rab. Perd. 9, 26 : ne are in danger 
 to be called in q. for this day's uproar, 
 periclitamur argui seditionis hodiernae, 
 Vulg Act. xix. 40: with de and abl.: 
 ef. de eo crimlne, quo de arguaiitur, Cic. 
 Inv. 2, II, ;t : with ace. mid ivfin.: cf 
 quae me arguit banc e domo ab se subri- 
 puisse (calls me in q. as having), PI. 
 Men. 5, 2, 62 : with ace. and ut : cf. 
 hunc ut dominum et tyraiinum, ilium 
 ut proditorem arguentes. Just. 22, } : 
 witho/y of a thing: he called the census- 
 returns in q. as being false, iirguibat et 
 perperam editos census, Suet. Cal. j8. 
 4. esp. expr. by ago, egi, actum, j, 
 to discuss, treat, raise a q., in a legal or 
 constitutional sense: conslr. with rem 
 or de re : also absol. in act. and in 
 impers. pass. : cf ile poena alicujus ag., 
 Liv. 5, J5 ; de agro pb bis ag., id. i, 46 : 
 absol. : Alclbiades praesente vulgo agere 
 coepit, Nep. Ale. 8 : impers pass. : 
 when the q. of, etc., was under discujssion 
 in the .'>enaie, quum de Catiliiiae con- 
 juratione ageretur in curia, vSuet. Aug. 
 94: as a constitutional formula, agere 
 cum, to put a q. to the people (tor their 
 votes), cf. Gell. i }, i; • agere cum populo 
 de republica. Cic. Verr. Act. I, 12: used 
 with refeiT'^ nd (to put a q. to the 
 
 Senate) : that no one should herec^fter 
 bring any q. about these men either 
 bffore the Senate or the people, ne quis 
 de eis i>ostea ad seiiatiun referat, neve 
 cum populo Hgat, iiall. Cat. 51. fin. : of 
 legal proceedings : to raise a q. accord- 
 ing to the laii' ( = to bring an action), 
 rem agere ex jure, lege, causa (or aU. 
 without ex), v. action : cf non enim 
 gladils mecum &ed litibus agetur (the q. 
 betweeyi us will have to be settled not by, 
 etc.), Cic. y. K. I, 4 : it is a q. not of his 
 life, but of his money, non capitis ejus 
 res agitur, sed pecimiae, I'er. Ph. 4, ?, 
 26: Fig., of Interests at slake : the q. is 
 of, etc., agitur populi Honiani gloria, 
 agitur, etc. (repeated clause after clausi), 
 Cic. Maiiil. 2, 6: cf. id. Verr. 4, 51 : tlie 
 q. is yours, tua res agitur, Hor. Kp. i, 
 18, 84 : in perf pass., the q. is settled, or 
 closed (hg. from a suit decided, and nut 
 to be re-opened), acta haec res est ( = all 
 is lost), Ter. Heaut. ;, j, ?. P h r. : it 
 is out of the q., fieri non potest, non est 
 agendum. V- Hence, torture us a 
 
 means of judicial examination (derived 
 from the Greek and Roman custom of 
 taking the evidence of slaves under 
 torture) : quaestio, /., and the verb : 
 
 A. alone: to put a slare to the q., 
 quaestionem habere de servo, withp'n.of 
 the subject of inquiry ; cf. mortis pater- 
 nae de servis paternis quaestionem 
 habere filio non licet, Cic. R. A. 28, 78 : 
 (cf id. Mil. 22, 59) ; for slaves to be put 
 to the q., ex servis quaeri, with de of the 
 subject (pass, impers.): cf dum ex lis 
 de patrin morte quaeralur, ib. : ut ex 
 his quaeratur, ego postulo, ib. 77 : to 
 piomise to produce slaves for the q., 
 servos in q. polliceri, ib. : to demand the 
 production of shivesfor the. q., servos in 
 q. postulate (with abof the persons who 
 are to produce them) : cf. aliquoties 
 duos servos paternos in q. ab advcr- 
 sariis, S. Rose, postulavit, ib. : cf id. Clu. 
 64, 181 : to give up a slave to a perso7i 
 for the q. (i. e. torture), servnm in q. 
 ferre (with dat. of the person), ib. : said 
 of oneself, ille quaestioni corpus offerre. 
 Curt. 4, 10, jj: with in of the person 
 against whom the evidence is taken : 
 stares cannot be put to the q. against 
 their master, except in a case of surri- 
 lege, de servis imlla q. est in dominum, 
 nisi de incestu, Cic. Mil. 22, 59; so with 
 verb: majores nostri in dominum de 
 servo quaeri noluerunt, lb. : in reuin de 
 servis acciisatoris quum quaeritur, ib. 
 
 B. 1. "ith words expressive of tor- 
 ture : he pid (him) to the q. concerning 
 the public money by stripes and tortures 
 (or instruments of torture), verberibus ac 
 tormentis quaestionem habuit picuniae 
 publicae, Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5. — Hence (in 
 late Latin) the adj. qiiaestionatus, put 
 to the q. : cf tot confessores quaes- 
 tionati et torti, Cyprian. Kp. 69, «. 6: 
 and the subs, quaestioniirius, thr execu- 
 tioner who applies the q. Cud. I'heod. 
 16. 12, ?. 2. quaesitio, (rare): cf 
 cum postero ad quaesitionem retrahe- 
 retur, proripuit se custodibus, Tac A. 
 4. 45- 
 
 question (I')- I. Tb put a q. 
 (or q.s) to a person : 1. rOgo, i, and 
 interrOgo, with occ. of person, and ace. 
 or de of tiling : v. to ask. 2. quaero, }, 
 with ace, or dep inierr clause, of thing, 
 and a, de, or ex, of person: v to ask : 
 TO iNijciKK. Compd. exqiiiro, with ace. 
 of person : cf Idem ego dicam, si me 
 exquiret miles, PI. Mil. 2. 2, 91 : also 
 with ace. of thing, and a, de, or ex of 
 person: v. to inquire toi.eakn. Also 
 in the reflective and mutual sense, to 
 q. urith oneself, to q. u ith others (I. e. to 
 debate by q. and ansuer) : cf secuni et 
 cum aliis, quid in eo peccatum sit, ex- 
 quirunt, Cic. Off. I, 41, 147 in this 
 sense also (In late I^atiii), quaero and 
 conquiro . cf. et ipsi coe{>erutit qiiaerere 
 inter se, quis esset ex lis. qui hoc fac- 
 turus esset, Vulg. Luc. xxli. 2 ? : conquiro 
 with cum: id. Marc. viii. 11 : id. i.x. ij 
 (14); with inter se, id. i. 27 id. ix. 15 
 (16): with apud se id. ix. 9 (10). 3. 
 p.^rcontor (percunctor;, i, dep., to q. about 
 
 some specific ot^ject of investigation ; 
 with ace. of person and de of thing: ct 
 percunctaius regionis perltoe de ascensn 
 Haemi, Liv. 40, 21 : cf me iiifit per- 
 contarier, ecqiiem noverim iJemaene- 
 tum, PI. Asin. 2, 2, 76 : with two 
 aces. : if any one q.i you afx/ut (or 
 cuiks you) my age, meuni slquis tc per- 
 cuntabitur aevum, Hor. tp. i, 20, 26 : 
 with ex of person and ace. of thing: 
 if you had q.d others aliout me, si e<>se6 
 ptTcontatuB me «x aliis, I'l. As. 2, 4, 95: 
 ubsii. : by q.ing, etc.. Join: percon- 
 tando atque interrogamlo elicere ali- 
 cujus opinionem, Cic. Fin. 2, i: cf. to 
 ASK. II. To call in q., throw doubt 
 upon, dispute (a thing or statement) ; 
 dilblio, I, with occ. or de: addublio, i : 
 in dubiiim or dubitationem vocare : io 
 dubio p<.)nere : v. to ikiubt : to di»» 
 I'UTe: question (s.) II.: iliannU.then, 
 be q.'d that, non jiotest igliur dubitarl 
 quiu, Cic. Acad. 2, 9. 27. Phr. : d'ye 
 doubt it f an dubium tibi 'st ? Ter. 
 Heaut. 5, 1, 28. 
 
 questionable: incertus; ambiguus: 
 anceps : de quo dubitarl potest : v. 
 
 doubtful : UNCERTAIN. 
 
 QUeStionary : consisting of ques- 
 tions (a sense distinct fmra interro- 
 gative, nearer to interrogatory : e. g. 
 "I return no answer to q. epistles half 
 a yard long," Pope): quaestiunarius: 
 *q. epistolae, like q. acliones, Callistr. 
 Dig. II, I, I. 
 
 questioner: 1. in gen- sen.se: 
 percoiitiiiur, m., PL Men. 5,5, jl: H>pr. 
 Ep. I, 18. 69: v. INQUlKElt. II. In 
 
 technical and legal sense : interrogator 
 »H., Ulp. l>ig. II, I, II: quaesitor, m. : 
 
 v. EXASItNER: INQUISITOR. 
 
 questioning (subs.): \. An ask- 
 ing of questions : 1. InterrogatTo, _/". ; 
 to persist in q., instare interrogatione, 
 Quint. 6, ?, J8: abstr. by tlie method (or 
 form) of q., per ititerrogationenj, id. 8. 
 5, 5 : in judicial sense : the q. of wit- 
 nesses, cf. sed testium Interrogutloni, 
 tormentis servorum, Macronem praese- 
 disse, Tac. A. 6, 47 : v. examination. 
 2. rCgalio, /. .• the method of q. (iu 
 rhetoric): rogatio atque huic tinitlnm 
 quasi percontatio, Cic. de Or. j, 5 j, 20} : 
 also quoted by Quint. 9, I, 29. 3. 
 
 percontatio, /. : cf Ac primum quidem 
 tempus salutationibus, reliquum percon- 
 tatlone consumpsimus (in q. him [P. 
 Nigidius], or iJi q.ings with one another, 
 about philosophy). Cic. Tim. i. ||, 
 The act of doubting or calling in q., expr. 
 by the subs., and verbs under question 
 and TO question : cf. ihiuutinc. |||. 
 In the technical and legal tense : inter- 
 r6gatio, v. sup. : also quaestio : quae- 
 sitio inqulsitio: disqiiisitio: v. exa- 
 mination : INVESTIGATION. In all 
 senses, expr. also by the verbs, and esp. 
 by the gerunds and gerundives. 
 
 questionless (adc): baud dubie: 
 indubitanter (late) : sine dubio or dubi- 
 tatione: procul dubio citra controver- 
 siam: certo : certe . lerii.ssime: v.cEE- 
 
 TAFNLT : DOUBTLESS : UNUOUBTEDLY : 
 UNQUt^STIONABLY. 
 
 quibble, quibbling (subs.) : L 
 captio, /. : diaicitic q.s. c. dialecticae, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 17: to arisuer q.t, cap- 
 lioiies refellerf, Cic. Kat. i ?. jo c. dlscu- 
 tere, id. Acad. 2. 15, 46: and Jim. cap- 
 tiuncula,^. : Id. All. 15. 7 v. sOi-HisM : 
 adv., to sjiealf in q.s, capilose ilicere : 
 to use contemptible q.s, <{. quo nihil 
 captiosius potest dici. Id. Rose Com. 17 
 52. 2. cavilla, /. (very rare) come, 
 no quibbling ! aufer cavillani ! PI. Aul. 
 4, 4, II : deiiv. cjivillaiio,/. : o q. atmut 
 a name, nominis c. Suet. Gramm. } : cf. 
 c. infelix verlmruni. Quint. 10, 7, 14: 
 cavlUationes iiieptae, id. 7. 9, 4 ; sine 
 metu cavillationis. Id. 2, 14, 5 cf. quirk. 
 
 3, caiumnia../. : cf res ab advirsarlla 
 nostris extracta est variis ealuniniis, 
 Cic. Fam. 4, l. 4. ainbaue^. Iiim, 
 
 f. pi. : leave off q.g and attend to 
 'me, ambages mllte atque hoc age, 
 I'l. Cist. 4, 2, 81 : to invent, or hunt 
 up childish q.s, cf vi.\ pueris dignaa 
 amb. exquirere, Liv. 9, 11, fin. 5. 
 62J
 
 QUIBBLE 
 
 QUICK 
 
 QUICK 
 
 argutiola, /.. Gell. 9, 14, fin. Q. 
 fiSphisnia, atis, n. (=; caplio in later 
 writere): Gell. 18, ij. 7. quaestiun- 
 cula vaira: Sen. Ep. iii. i. 
 
 quibble ("•) ■• 1. calvor, j, dep. 
 
 (obsol.) : SI . C ALVITUK . PEDEM V E . STRL' IT., 
 
 Fragm. xii. Tab. in Fest. s. v. struere : 
 Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 2??: cf. to q. on the 
 resemblance of words, te vocis calvi 
 •imilitudine, Pac. in Non. 6, 29 : Fass. 
 Impers. cf. contra ille ralvi ratus, Sail. 
 Hist. Fragm. ib. 7, 8. 2. cavillor, 
 atiis, dep. : cf. cavillari turn tribuiii, 
 Liv. }, 20: verba patrum cavillantem 
 {quibiling about), 1 ac. A. I, 46 : cap- 
 tiose dicerf, v. sup. s. quibble (subs.). 
 
 qTXibbler: 1. expr. by subs, and 
 V. s. V. quibble: 2. calumniator, m. : 
 cf. S! calvitur et. moretur et friistretur, 
 inde et ralunmiatores appellati sunt, 
 quia per frauilem el frustrationem alios 
 vexarent litibus, Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 22 j. 
 3. cavillator (prop, a scoffer) may 
 also be used : a cleoer q., c. facetus, PI. 
 Mil. ;, I, 46. 
 
 quibbling (o<y-) •■ captiosus. Join: 
 fallax et captiosus : cf. animi fallacibus 
 et captiosis interrogationibus circum- 
 gcripti atque decepti, Cic. Acad. 2, 15, 46 : 
 also expr. by adT. : to ask q. questions, 
 captiose interrogare, ib. 2, 29, 94. Phr. : 
 q. sophisms, contorta et aculeata so- 
 pbismata, ib. 2, 24, 75. Phr.: to give 
 sophistical and q. expositions of the law, 
 sophistice interpretari legem et cavillari. 
 Cod. Justin. 8, 10, 12, } j. 
 
 quick {adj.) : I. Alive (orig. sense : 
 freq. in SS. and old writers : now obsol. 
 except in some derivatives: v. quick 
 [subs.]: QUICK-LIMK, etc.) : 1. vivus: 
 Vulg. Ps. cxxiii. i (cxxiv. j) : opp. to 
 mortuus : used with judex, id. Act. x. 
 42: with judicare, i Pet. iv. 5: qui jndi- 
 caturus est vivos et mortuos, 2 Tim. iv. 
 1 (cf. " thence shall come, With glory 
 and power, to judge both q. and dead," 
 Milton): sometimes vivens; to go down 
 q. into hell (or, the pit), descendere vi- 
 ventes in infernum, id. Num. xvi. jo : 
 Ps. liv. 16 (Iv. i;); q. raw flesh, caro 
 viva, id. Lev. xiii. 10 : c. vivens, ib. 
 24. Join: vivus vidensque, Cic. yuint. 
 15, 50: id. Sest. 27, 59: V. ALIVE: perh. 
 vivax, by analogy fr. Ov. M. i, 420. 
 Phr.: q. with child, *fetu vivo gra- 
 vida vel praegnans (Ainsw.): to be q. 
 vnth child, *fetura vivum utero gestare 
 (id.). 2. animans (q. with life) : cf. 
 mundus est animans el compos rationis, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 8. 3. animosus: Fig. 
 likenesses q. with lift, animosa signa. 
 Prop. ?, 7, 9: II, Heuce, lively, viva- 
 cious {q. v.), opp.' to slow, dull: 1, 
 vivus (rare in this sense) : a face q. with 
 expression, vivus vultus, Virg. Aeii. 6, 
 849: cf. vivus etingenuus animi, Plin. Ep. 
 8, 6 : a man of q. feeling, vivi pectoris 
 homo. Am. j, 10}. 2. vivax, acis, m. 
 (late in this sense: in Virg. Hor., etc. 
 = long-lived) : cf. (discipuli) paulo viva- 
 ciores, tjuint. 2, 6, } : of things, v. sulfura 
 (quick-burning), Ov. M. j. J74: (adv.) 
 with q. intelligence, vivaoiter : cf v. 
 pertractare res mysticas, Fulg. Myth, i, 
 j.iaef. med. 3. vividus: cf. vivida 
 vis animi pervicit, Lucr. i, 7^ : o q. 
 spirit, V. ingeniiim (i.e. lively, energetic, 
 and somewhat hasty), Liv. 2, 48 : cf. vi- 
 vidior spiritus, Val. Max. 5, l, l, extr. : v. 
 LIVELY, ALIVE. 4. ^ivatus(anold word), 
 
 V. QUICKENED. 5. alUmatUS, V. QUICK- 
 ENED. Fhr. : of a quick temper, acer: 
 iracundus: v. temper. |||, Active. 
 
 sprightly speedi/, opp. to sloir, sluggish, 
 tardy : (this sense is often hardly dis- 
 tinguishable from quick of motion, v. 
 No. IV.) : 1. agilis, 5 : of persons : 
 cf. vir gnavus, ag., providus. Veil. 2, lo; : 
 cf. oderunt sedatum celerps, agilem gna- 
 vumque remissi, Hor. Kp. i, i8, 90 : a q. 
 mind, animus agilis. Sen. Tranq. 2 : of 
 things: cf. argumentatio agilior et acrior 
 et instantior, Quint. 11, j, 164 : a q. and 
 easy victory, agilem dari facilemque vic- 
 toriam, Sisenn. in Non. 58, i. 2. 
 alacer, oris, crS : with ad : q. to do evil, 
 al. ad maleficia, Auct. Her. 2, jo. Comp. 
 cf. alacriores ad reliquum persolvendum, 
 624 
 
 ib. Ji : obsol. : of things, si(0)d« q. to cut, 
 alacres enses, Claud. Eutrop. 2, 280. 
 Join : al. et promptus : cf. ad bella 
 suscipienda Gallorum alacer et promptus 
 est animus, Caes. B. G. j, 19, Jin.: expr. 
 by subs. : I'm very q. to go to laiv, mira 
 sum alacritate ad liliganduni, Cic. Att. 
 7, I, 2. 3. fUcilis, 6: v. ready, easy. 
 join : facilis et expeditus ad dicendum 
 (q. and ready), Cic. Brut. 48, 180. 4. 
 promptus : absol., opp. to segnis ; cf. 
 laudat promptos, segniores castigat, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 3 : cf. promptissimus homo, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 1 7. J o i n : g. and fluen t speech, 
 prompta et profluens eloquentia, Tac. A. 
 I J, J : with gen. : quick-witted, promptus 
 animi, id. H. 2, 2J : with abl. : non 
 promptus ingenio, Liv. 4, J : g. of speech 
 (of a q. tongue), lingua pr., id. 2, 4;, ,//?!. : 
 with ad and ace. : q. to meet danger, 
 promptiores ad pericula, Cic. Off. i, 24 : 
 with in and ace. ; q. in yielding to fear, 
 pr. in pavorem, Tac. A. i;, 24, .^«.: 
 q. to fatter, pr. in adulationes, ib. 15, 61 : 
 with adversus (rare) : 5. to condemn the 
 guiltless, pr. adversus Insontes. ib. 6, 48, 
 fir.. Join: promptus et facilis ad ex- 
 "temporalitatem usque, Suet. Tib. ? : ser- 
 mone Graeco pr. et facilis, id. Tib. 71. 
 
 5. paratus ; a q. (i. e. easy) victory, 
 p. victoria, Liv. 5, 6 : with dat. : a mind 
 q. to crimes, animus paratus sceleribus, 
 Tac. A. 12, 47 : with ad and ace. : Join : 
 quo paratior ad usum forensem promp- 
 tiorque esse possim {quicker and readier), 
 Cic. Div. in Caecil. i j. 6. exp6ditus : 
 Join: exp. et paratus: v^e ivant a q. 
 and ready man, expedite nobis homine 
 et parato opus est, Cic. Phil. 11, 10, j6. 
 Join: expedila erat et perfacile cur- 
 rens oratio (q. and very fluent), Cic. 
 Brut. 6j, 227 : with ad : cf. expeditus ad 
 caedera, Cic. Agr. 2, jo, 82. Note : this 
 may be used for a q. return of money : 
 cf. pecunia expeditissima, id. P'am. 11, 
 24 : also expr. by adv. and verb : Til be q. 
 about it, "expedite (rem) facturus sum : 
 * (rem) breviter expediam (Ainsw.): to 
 beq. of speech, expedite loqui. Suet. Aug. 
 89: to have a q. passage (voyage), ex- 
 pedite navigare, Cic. Att. 6, 8. 7. im- 
 piger, gra, grum (v. active) : cf. impiger, 
 iracundus, inexorabilis, acer, Hor. A. P. 
 121 : cf. impigrae mentis experientia, 
 Lucr. 5, 145 1 : with the abl.: impiger 
 manu, Tac. A. 5, 20 : with in and abl. : 
 in fcribendo impiger, Cic. Fam. 2, 1 : 
 with inf. : q. to harass, etc., impiger 
 hostium vexare turmas, Hor. Od. 4, 14, 
 22: as abl. of quality: cf. Jugnrtha ut 
 erat inipigio atque acri ingenio, Sail. J. 7. 
 
 8, acer, cris, ere (v. sharp, keen) : 
 of the senses : a very q. sight, acenimus 
 sensus videndi, Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357. 
 Join: acer atque acutus (q. and sharp : 
 opp. hebes, blunt, dull) : Pm. Rm. 
 aures hebetiores, oculos acres atque 
 acutos habere, Cic. Plane. 27, 66 : (Note : 
 acer more gen. denotes the intensity of 
 the light, sound, taste, etc.) : of the 
 mind : vir acri ingenio, id. Or. y (cf. Cic. 
 Sest. 20 : Nep. Ale. 5) : a q. memory, a. 
 memoria, id. de Or. 2, 87 : of passio^ts, 
 etc., cf. acri ira percitus, Lucr. 5, 400: 
 (v. ardent, eager). For acer joined 
 with impiger, v. supr. 9. aciitus (v. 
 shakp: acute: keen): a man of q. 
 parts rather than of learning, homo ac. 
 magis quam eruditus, Cic. Att. 12, }8: 
 cf. hominis acuti et exercitatissimi, Cic. 
 Brut. 42, 154: of the senses : a q. scent 
 (tig.), Hor. S. I, J, 29: in this sense also 
 Phr. (homo) emunctae naris (q. of per- 
 ception), Hor. S. I, 4, 8 : Phaedr. }, }, 14. 
 
 10. argiitus : eyes too q. (of ex- 
 pression), oculi nimis arguti, quem ad 
 modum animo affecti sumus, loquuntur, 
 Cic. Leg. I, 9, 27: q.uxit, arg. acumen, 
 Hor. A. P. 364. 11. perspicax, acis : 
 prop. q. of sight : cf. homo perspicacior 
 Lynceo vel Argo et oculeus totus, Apul. 
 M. 2, p. 124 . tig. of mental acutc- 
 ness (as " the q.-sighted Mr. Canning:" 
 Brougham) : cf. ego me non tam astutum 
 neque ita perspicacem esse id scio, Ter. 
 Heaut. 5, I, I : with ad aliquam rem, ib. 
 2, 3, 129. Join- assequemur et id, 
 quod acutum et perspicax natura est. 
 
 Cic. Off. I, 28. 12. sagax, acis ; profw 
 q. of scent (of a dog) : v. keen : ct. 
 sagax nasum habet, PI. Cure, i, 2, 17: 
 ot the senses in gen.; a palate q. of taste, 
 palatum in gustu sagacissimunj, Plin. 8 
 J7, J5 : of mental and moral qualities; 
 a q. intellect, s. mens, l^ucr. i, 102 1 • 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, 2j, 67 : (cf. for sagax with 
 acutus and other such epithets, id. Tusc. 
 5, 2}, 67) : with inf., q. to see future 
 events, s. quondam ventura videre, Ov. 
 M. 5, 146: with ad: q. to suspect, ad 
 suspicandum sagaci.vsimus, Cic. 1, 8, 19: 
 with in and abl., vir in conjecturis saga- 
 cissimus. Just, i, 9: with abl. alone: 
 civitas rimandis offensis s., Tac H. 5, 11. 
 13. versatilis, e (that can turn lo 
 anything : v. versatile) : cf. v. inge- 
 nium, Liv. 39, 40 : and versiitus (lit. 
 turned: more usu. in bad sense, but 
 not always). Join: homo versutus et 
 callidus : versutos eos appello, quorum 
 celeriter mens versatur: callidos autem, 
 quorum, tanquam manus opere, sic 
 animus usu concalluit, Cic. N. D. }, 10, 
 2;. Join: animus acutus et versutus, 
 id. de Or. 2, 20, 84 : in bad sense. 
 Join : hoc est hominis versuti, obscuri, 
 astuti, fallacis, nialitiusi, callidi, vetera- 
 loris, vafri, id. OiT. j, i ;, 57 : with gen. : 
 V. ingenii, Plin. 7, 12, 10. 14, For the 
 quickness acquired by practice, use (i.) 
 callidus (v. supr.): with ad: q. to get 
 gain, ad suum quaestum c, PI. Asin. i, 
 J, J4: with inf.; c. quidquid placuit 
 Jocoso condere furto, Hor. Od. i, 10, 7 : 
 V. clever, (ii.) soUers, ertis: v. accom- 
 plished, (iii.) exercitatus (in aliqua re) : 
 quick at : (iv.) peritus (alicui rei) ; v. 
 practised: expert. |V. Of motion: 
 sroift, speedy, hasty : also, in good time : 
 (opp. to slino, tardy) : 1. cfiler, eris, 
 gre (also celeris, in masc.) : lit. of persons 
 or things in motion, v. rapid, swift : 
 q. wings, cf celeres neque commovent 
 alas, Virg. Aen. 5, 217 : constr. with 
 gen. of gerund, a q. swimmer, c. nandi, 
 Sil. 4, 587 : joined with propere : be as 
 q. as you can, fac te propere celereni, 
 PI. Trin. 4, j, i : (also expr. by expedi, 
 id. Stich. 2, 2, 11): rve had such a 
 q. run, etc., ita celeri cuniculo fui 
 propere e portu, tui honoris causa, Id. 
 Stich. 2, J, II : of the movement of 
 words in prose or verse, Join: oratio 
 celeris et concitafa, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 21 : pedes longi graviorem faciunl ora- 
 tionem, breves celerem atque mobilem, 
 yuint. 9, 4 : celeres ianibos (expressive 
 of rage), Hor. Od. I, 16, 24 : F i g. mens, 
 qua nihil est celerius, Cic. Or. 59, 200 : 
 with ref. to actions and rf suits (= speedy, 
 opp. to tardus) : that they might secure 
 " a q. return" (Milton), ut c. receptum 
 haberent, Caes. B. C. i, 59. Join: celer 
 et facilis: ita magnarum initia rerum 
 ... celerem et facilem exitum habu- 
 erunt (aq. and simple issue), ib. j, 22: 
 a q. victory (i. e. quickly gained), elati 
 spe celeris victoriae, id. B. G. 7, 47 : 
 (naval warfare) as being subject to q. 
 and unsettled movements, (or changes), 
 ut quae (so. res) celerem atque insta- 
 bilem motum haberent, ib. 4, 2j : constr. 
 with infin. : q. to — , or q. in — ing (or 
 q. by — ing), cf c. alto latitantem fni- 
 ticeto excipere aprum, Hor. Od. }, 12, 
 11: c. pronos voluere menses, ib. 4, 6, 
 J9 : q. in the pursuit, c. sequi, ib. I, 15, 
 1 8 : g. to anger, c. irasci, id. Ep. i, 20, 2? : 
 in sense of hasty, sudden : c. mors, Tib. 
 4, 1, 205; c. desperatio rerum, Liv. 21, i. 
 Sup., fata celerrima, Virg. Aen. 12, 507 : 
 the q.est (motion), celerrimus (opp. to 
 tardissimus), Cic. Tim. 9. Expr. by subs., 
 q. and slow motions, celeri tales lardi- 
 tatesque, ib. Expr. by the adv. : ct 
 Caesar alteram alam mittit, qui sata- 
 gentibus celeriter occurrerent (to give q. 
 succour to). Auct. B. Afr. 78 : comp. 
 if there was any occasion for a bold ad- 
 vance or a q. retreat, si quo erat longius 
 prodeundum aut celerius recipiendum, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 48, ./i»i. (Note: in this 
 and the foil, words, the adj. is often 
 expr. by the adv. and vice versd. Adj. 
 adv., subs., and verb, may often be used 
 interchangeably as between Kng. and
 
 QUICK 
 
 QUICK-FOOTED 
 
 QUICKEN 
 
 hat) 2. velox, Ocia: of person" •. v. 
 SWIFT: of things: a q. sailer, vcloceni 
 (»c. carinam), Virg. Aen. 5, ii6- a q. 
 passage (uoj/a./e), v. navigatio, (^iiini. 
 12, 2, 24 : q. (or speed//) victory, v. vic- 
 toria, Hor. Ep. I, 18, 64: a q. poiiun 
 (quickly working), v. toxlcum. Id. Kpod. 
 17, 61 : q. speed, v. celeriias, I'liii. 10, 
 24, J4 : with inf. : q. to retrtat, absistere 
 v., Sut. Th. 6, 797 : fig., nnlUivg is 
 quiclcrr than thought, nliiil est aiiinio 
 veloclus, Cic. Tu.sc. i, 19, 4? (cf. doutdc 
 meaning, pcrcgre est animus sine cor- 
 pore v., Hor. Ep. i, 12, I?); with abl. : 
 V. ingcnio. Tac. Agr. i j ; In abl., ol qua- 
 lity ; ingi'nio veloci et niobill, Quint. 6, 
 4,8. Conip. : Join: acnilor atque ve- 
 loclor in iiil)anltate brevitas, iil 6, j, 45. 
 3. perni.\, icis (swift, nimbU, active, 
 speedij): q. missevgrrs. p. nunlli, Tac. H. 
 $,40: aq.-footed lace, p. gpiius, ib. 2. 1 } : 
 tiith q. feet, (poet.) iwrnicibiis planlis, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 718 : men of light txxUes, 
 and q. through constant exercise, leviuni 
 corpoTiira homines, et multa exercita- 
 tione pernlclum, Liv. 28, 20 : q. leaps, 
 p. saltns, Plin. 9, 47, 71 : cf. saliu p. 
 tollere corpus, Lucr. 5, 560: cf. temporis 
 pernicissinii celeritas, Sen. Ep. 108 : 
 constr. with abl,, 7. of hand, perni.\ 
 sum nianibus. Pi. Mil. j, I, }6 : q. in 
 giving up hobbies, amata relinquere p., 
 Hor. A. P. 165 : e.\pr. by tlie subs. : cf. 
 (nionocoli)mirae pernicilatis ad saltuni, 
 Plin. 7, 2, 2, 5 2}. 4. cilus (in q. mo- 
 tion, rapid, hurried) : a q. ship, c. navis, 
 Ov. M. i;. 7?2 : cf. 0. classis, Hor. 0.1. i, 
 }7, 24 : to pursue, willi q. chariots, c. qua- 
 drigi.s persequi, PI. Aul. 4, I, 14 : a q. 
 horse, (poet.) quadiupedemque ciluni, 
 Virg. Aen. 11. 714: of persons: the q. 
 hunter, c. venator, Hor. Od. I, ?7, 18: 
 a q. writer, ad scribemium c, PI. Bac. 
 4, 4, 86 ; soldiers on a q. march, c. milites, 
 Tac. A. II, I : c. legiones, ib. 14, 26; of 
 the motion itself: by a q. march, cito 
 itgmlne, ib. 1, 6i : a q. journey, c. via, 
 Liv. }}, 48 : citus modo modo tardus lii- 
 cessus (his step). Sail. C. i; : of vocal 
 sounds, (vox) cita, opp. to tarda, Cic. 
 de Or. }, 57, 216: the iamb, a q. foot, 
 iambus, pes citus, Hor. A. P. 252 : fig. 
 (of a battle) ; concurritur : horae mo- 
 meiito cita mors venit, aut victoria 
 laeta (q. death, opp. to lingering disease), 
 id. S. I, I, 8. Deriv. citatus (v. hastv): 
 tliey led, etc., at q. step, citato gradu in 
 hostcm ducebant (opp. to presso gradu 
 incedere), Liv. 28, 14 : comp. by a quicker 
 march, etc., citatiore, quam inde venerat, 
 agmine, die sexto ad stativa sua, atque 
 ad hostem, pervenit, id. 27, 50 : sup., 
 quam citatissimo poteraiil agmine sese 
 abripuerunt, id. 22, 6 : a q. utterance, 
 c. pronunciatio (opp. to pressa) : (cf.): cf. 
 ideoque Roscius citatior, Aesopus gra- 
 vior full. Quint. 11, }, iii. Join: cit, 
 et celer : in argumentis citati atque 
 ipso etiarn motu celeres sumus, id. 9, 4, 
 5j8. Compd. incilus: cf. (poet.) venti vis 
 incita, Lucr. i, 272 inc. hasta, Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 492 : inc. sllex, Sil. 1, 491 : 
 Join: inciti atque alacres delpbini. 
 Poet, in Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 89 ; conciliiluK: 
 the rotation of ii'hich is quicker, cujus 
 (coeli) conversio est concitatior, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 18 : concltatissimus corporis 
 motus. Quint. 2, 11, 4: iiKitatus: at 
 a q. run, cursu imitato, Caes. B. G. 
 2. 26 t 61/ Um very q. rotation of 
 the universe, totius mundi incltatissi- 
 ma conversione, Cic. Rep. 6, 18 : a 
 quicker camnt of speech, cursus in 
 oratione incltatlor, id. Or. 59, 2oi. 
 6. ocior, ius ;conip.) : v. fi-ekt : 
 SWIFT : to pass over (a space) in a quicker 
 time, ociore translre spati", Plin. 2, 19. 17. 
 Sup. (= earliest) : cl. o( issimus partus, 
 id. 8, 4?, 68. 6. prieieps: v. swift: 
 rdmiing: HEADLON(i; i>raecipit<'S nuntii, 
 Tac. H. 2, 6. 7. pioperus (in haste : 
 speedy): the q. chai ioietrs, p. aurigae, 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 8? : I'o-ealis omies up by 
 a q. march, C. p. agmine subvenit, Tac. 
 H. 4, 79 • q. vith youth and hope, spe ac 
 juventa p. (opp. to moras necleiis), ib. 
 68 : with gen. : q. to anger, p. irae, id. 
 A. II, 26: q. to seize the opportunity. 
 
 oblatae occaslonis p., ib. 12, 66: with 
 inf., q. to gain distinction by any crime, 
 quoquo lacinorc p. clarcscere, ib. 4, 52. 
 E.xpr. by part. prOpirann (with inrsoiial 
 subject). Join: properaiis, fe^tlnans {(/. 
 and in haste), Cic. Phil. 9, ;, 6: gen. ad- 
 verbially : v. ijciiKLV : and propCriitus : 
 cf. pioperato Itinere, fSall. J. 112: p. 
 mors (= untimely). Ot. M. 9, 587 : iiou 
 must be q., properaio opus est, J'l. Mil. 
 J, I, 210. 8, praeseiis (immediate, 
 
 instant, opp. to tardy) : the (piick^st 
 antidote, praesenti.ssimum reniediuni. 
 Col. 6, 14 : cf. quo noil praesentlus ullum, 
 pocula si quaiido saevae infecere 110- 
 vercae, Virg. G. 2, 127: ct. yuicKi,v. 
 Deriv. (late) praesentaneus: aq.pf/iron, 
 pr. veneiuim, I'lin. 24, i. 1 : aq. atitiilote, 
 pr. remedium, id. 21, ?l, 105 : and subs. 
 praesentaneum, n. : id. }o, 9, 2;. Also 
 praesentarius(rare): pr. veneimm, Apnl. 
 M 10, p. 242 : cf. id quod maii (Ijaru- 
 spices) promittunt. praesentarium est 
 (is q. in coming to pass). PI. Poen. ;. ;, 
 47. 9. rapidus, V kai'IU : cf. nianibus 
 rapidis, Virg. Aen. 8, 442. 10, 11. 
 
 repentinus: subitus : v. suddkn. 12. 
 c61o.\, ocis, /. (prop. subs. = kcAt)?), a 
 q. sailer (a kind of ship): Liv. 21, 17: 
 used as adj.: cf. obsecroopeiani celocera 
 banc niilii, iie corbitam (a slow sailtr), 
 date, PI. I'oen. j, i, 40. 
 
 quick, to be: (cf. to quicken, intr. 
 B). I. With life : viggo, ui, 2 : you are 
 q. u-ith youth, strong in courage, viget 
 aetas, animus valet. Sail. C. 20, 10. 
 II, In speed and energy (cf. to m.4KF, 
 hastk) : 1. acciSlero, 1 : if they uill 
 be q., si ace. volent, ad vesperam conse- 
 quentur, Cic. Cat. 2, 4. 2. pr6p6ro, I : 
 propera ! be q. .' PI. Cas. 2, 8, 57 : esp. 
 with inf. : cf. prop, redire in patriam, 
 Cic. Prov. Cons. 14 : prop, signa infeire. 
 Sail. J. 56: reflect.; simulabatsese negotii 
 causa prop., ib. 76: depropero, l: cf. 
 propere,citointroite, et citodeproperaie, 
 ib. 2, 8, 57. 3. movere se (to bestir 
 oneself), Ter. And. 4, j, 16. 4. nia- 
 turo, I : one had need be q. in Ojcting, 
 facto maturatoque opus esse, Liv. i, 58 : 
 also, to be too q. (in doing a thing) : cf. 
 ni Catllina maturasset signum dare, Sail. 
 C. 18. Also expr. by subs. : to be q. in 
 doing a Hndness, maturitatem beneticio 
 praestare, Frontln. Aq. 105. 5. c- 
 pedio, ivi, or il, itum, 4, to be q. about 
 anything (with ace): cf. expedire ne- 
 gotia, Cic. Fam. ij, 26: <o be q. and finish 
 niatteis, exp. et conficere res, id. Brut. 
 42, 154: be q. ! espedi! PI. Stich. 2, 2, 
 
 11. Note: — fcstino, i, with part, fes- 
 tinans, and adj. fesiinus (poet.), almost 
 always imply HASTK (i.e hurry): see the 
 antithesis of properat (is quick, makes 
 good speed) to festinat (is hunied), Cat. 
 in (jell. 16, 14. 
 
 quick (subs., orig. the adj.), a part 
 which has life. 1, In animals : the 
 
 lilting flesh (opp. to insensible pjirts, as 
 cuticle, nails, hair, horns), vivum (». of 
 adj. used as subs.) : to cut back (or tfojen) 
 to the q., ad vivum resecare ; cf. extrema 
 pars ipsius unguis ad v. resecatur. Col. 6, 
 
 12, } (cf. fig. neque id ad vivum reseco, 
 / don't wish to be understood too strictly, 
 Cic. Am. 5, 18). Fig.: to wound a 
 person's feelings deeply: v. to i-ain: 
 TO GRIF.VIC: TO STING: TO HURT: I've 
 
 touched him to the q.. *commovi ho- 
 mineni (Ainsw.) : I've long lieen stung 
 ti> the q. by the thought, etc., JMmdudum 
 nieum ille pectus piingit aculeus Quid, 
 etc., PI. Trin. 4, 2. 158. To sting to the 
 q., niordfio, mSmordi, niorsum. 2, with 
 valde: cf. valde nie momordi'riint epis- 
 tolae tuae. Cic. Att. ll, 12: pass., cf. 
 morderi di<tis, Ov. Tr. i, 1, 25; m. op- 
 probriis lalsis, Hor. Ep. i, 16, j8. 2. 
 
 of plants : V. QUICKSET. 
 
 quick (adv.) : V. qlk-ki.y 
 quick-beam, or quicken-tree : 
 
 ".sorbusaila *pyrusaria. Suwerby. 
 
 eyed • (" •» q.-eyed, volatile, 
 
 sprightly fly," Grew) : argiitus : v. 
 QUICK, III. No. in. 
 
 footed : I>ernix : celf r : with or 
 
 without pedibus : v.qcick, IV'. Xos. 1,3: 
 
 celeripes, edis (very rare) : Cic. Att. 9, 7. 
 
 1 S 
 
 quick-grass : quicken-?ra88 
 quitch-grass: (•iriiicum repene 
 Liiiii ) cyiiod.n dactyloo. Pets. : Plin 
 24, 19, 118. 
 
 lime : calx viva, Vitr. 8, 7 
 
 opp. to calx exsllncta, time quencited 
 or slaked, id. 2, ;. 
 
 sand : ibe want of a specific 
 
 word is supplied by the poetic use ol 
 Syrtis, is,/. (Idos, Lucan 9. 7C9), and the 
 pi. (cnipTii;, fr. <rvpiu, traho) : cf. sive 
 per Syrtes iter aestuosas, Hor. Od. I, 22, 
 5 : q.-sands stirred up by tfie .V. wind, 
 s. exercitatae Nolo, id. Ejxjd. 9, } : cf. 
 description, Avien. Perleg. 29J : 
 " Major vasia sibi late trabit aequora 
 .Syrtis 
 
 Infidumque rati peligus furit.'' 
 Cf. Propert. 2, 7, 71, iiicerto mutantur 
 flamine syrtes: epithets (ii7ij;. and p/.). • 
 shifting, and faithless, inrerta. Sen. 
 Hippol. 570: vaga, Lucan 9, 4}! : am- 
 bigua, ib. 71 5 : dublai-. ib. 861 ; thalloie, 
 vadora, id. 5, 484 deeouring, saevae, VaL 
 Flacc. 7, 86: inhospila, Ov. ,M. 8, 120: 
 iKiulraga, Sil 17, 6J5: thecuied, borrendn, 
 Tib. J, 4, 91. Fig.: syrtis patrimonii, 
 Cic. de Or. J, 4t : &>, " q.-sand <f de- 
 ceit" (Shaksp.), * syrtis ipsissima doli or 
 fraud is : / have marked some <f the 
 q.-sands and shoals of life, *quasdam ex 
 syrtibus atque vadls hujus vitae nolavi : 
 fearing to run (or fall) upon the quick- 
 sands, timentes ne in .Syriim iridderent, 
 Vulg. Act. xxvii. 17 (where the original 
 is specific for the Syrtis Mnjor). Th* 
 Gooilirin .Sands, 'syrtis Godwinia or 
 comitis Godwini. 
 
 scented: sagax, acis: a q.-s. 
 
 hound, a. catulus. Ov. R. Am. 201 : q.-s. 
 dogs, s. canes, Cic. I )iv. i, ji. Poet.: 
 s. virtus venandl, Ov. Hal. 76 : he is q.-s., 
 sagax nasum habet, PI. Outc. i, 2, 17: 
 cf. QUICK, 111. 12. 
 
 set, or quick : a 'i' « cutting 
 
 of a plant set to yroiv ■ viviradix. icis, 
 /. : of the vine, Cic. de Sen. 15. 52: 
 Plin. 17, 22, j;, i 169. solo spisso non 
 nisi viviradicem seri : of the rose, Varr. 
 R. R. I, }$, I : a q.-s. hedge, sepes viva 
 Col. II, J, }. (The term is often used 
 specificiiily for the white thorn, q. v.) 
 
 sighted: perspieax, acis (LIL 
 
 and Fig.) : v.quick. 111. No. 1 1 : acute: 
 SHARP-SIGHTED. Also expr. bv subs.: 
 you're so q.-s., tan la es perspicacitate, 
 Cic. Att. I, 1 8, ./in. Adi\. perspicacltar : 
 Amm. 29. 4 : "persptcace : (tioic quick- 
 sighted! quam perspitace (dub., perh. 
 perspicate), Afran. in N'on. 51 j, 19. 
 
 sighteduess : 1. '- ' t- : Scies 
 
 oculorum : cl. (of things of gradual 
 growth) nulla potest oculorum acies 
 contenta tuerl, Lucr. i, ?25. 2. Fig-: 
 perspicacitas ■ ingenii acumen vel acieo. 
 
 V. ACUTKNESS SHARP -SIGHTKDNEK : 
 QUICKNESS. 
 
 silver (subs.) : 1. argentum 
 
 vivum: (the metal as found in its native 
 state) : Plin. ??. 6, }2 : ib. 7, 40. Vitruv. 
 2. hyilrargyrus, m. : (the word now 
 used in chemistry, symbol Hg), an arti- 
 ficial preparation Irom minium (sul- 
 phide (f mercury), which I'liny distin- 
 guishes from the meuil. but which 
 seems only to have dlflered Irom native 
 quicksilver in purity: Plm. ??. 6, }2: 
 and esp. ib. 8, 41. 3. nierriirius, m. : 
 med. Lat.— Hence the verb, to quich- 
 silver : hydrargyTo inaurare: cf. hydrar- 
 gj-ro argentum inauratur: Plin. n>8,42. 
 
 tempered : iracundus. and 
 
 oomp. : cf. iraciindior e.«t p.iulo, Hor. S. 
 I, i, 29: iracundo aniino, PI. Bac 4, j, 
 
 I : V. HASTY : FASilONATK. 
 
 witted : v. qcuk No. 1 1 L 
 
 quicken (>•)• , A. fr*"*;-., , «• 
 To giie life to (ihe dead: or lifeless 
 matter). 1, ininio, i • cf. quldquid 
 est hoc, omnia animal, foiniut, allt, 
 aupet, creat, Pac. in Cic. Div. i, 57, 
 constr. with adv. ; to q. >■ ilh life, 
 vitaliter an. : cf. nequeunt viuliier esse 
 animata. I.uor. ?, 146: with <iW. . cf. 
 stellae divinis animatae mentibus, Cic 
 Rep. 6, 15 : Poet, with In and ace.. Co Q. 
 a lifeless -ilject into a living being, ct. 
 gutlas animavit in angues, Ov. ii, 4, 
 62s
 
 QUICKEN 
 
 QUICKENED 
 
 Q U 1 C K L V 
 
 6l<). Fig.: cf. si quid Apellei gandent 
 anlmasse colores, Stat. S. 2, 2, 64 : in 
 secondary sense, to give new life to what 
 is langaisking : cf. cibo potuque ani- 
 mavit, Hyg. F. 126: v. to revivk: to 
 RESUSCITATE. 2. vivifico, I (late ; in 
 Vulg. and Eccles.) esp. = to restore to 
 life: to q. the dead: cf. (Deum) qui v. 
 mortuos. Rom. iv. I'j : cf. (Spiritus ejus) 
 vivificabit mortalia corpora vestra. ib. 
 vlii. II : mortalia viv. Priid. Apoth. 254: 
 opp. to mortifico : cf. (Christus) morti- 
 ficatus quidem came, vivificatus autem 
 spiritu, Vulg. 1 Pet. iil. 18 tite /lesh : 
 cf. caro vivificabitur per resurrect ionem, 
 Tert. Res. Cam. 28, fin. : vlviticare 
 carni animam referre est, ib. : to give 
 life to matter, id. adv. Val. 14, fin. : 
 of vpgetaMe life; cf. quod seniinas non 
 vivlflcatur, nisi prius moriatur, Vulg. 
 I Cor. XV. j'.: in gen. sense: (Deo) qui 
 V. omnia, Vulg. i Tim. vi. i j. F i g. : 
 to give new life to (esp. of spiritual life) : 
 cf. Spiritus est qui vivificat, Vulg. Job. 
 vi. 64: Lit. and Fig. contrasted: sicut 
 enim Pater suscitat mortuos et v., sic et 
 Filius quos vult v., ib. v. 21: freq. in 
 Psalm, with obj. me : Ps. l.\x. (Ixxl.), 20 : 
 Ixxix. 19 (Ixxx. 18): cxviii. (cxix.), 25, 
 i7, 40, 50, 88, 9 J, 141 : cxlii. (cxliii.) 11 : 
 to q. the soul (or ii/e), animam viv., Paul. 
 Nol. Carm. 26. 207: Hier. Kp. 108, 11. 
 Comp. convlvifico, to q. together with -. 
 with in, quum essemus mortui peccatis, 
 convivificavit nos in Christo, Epb. ii. 5 : 
 with cum, cf Col. ii. i j, vos, cum mortui 
 essetis in delictis c. cum illo. Particlp. 
 in -ing : (factus est) novissimus Adam 
 in spiritum vivificantem, id. For, he 
 who (that which) q.s, v. qdickener: 
 QUICKENING. ||, To excite. incite, stir 
 up, animate (5. v.) : 1. excito, i : (v. 
 TO rouse: to enliven) : absol. to q. the 
 drooping spirits of a friend, amici ja- 
 centem animum excitare, Cic. Am. 16, 
 59 : to q. one's memory of a person, illius 
 memoriam exc, id. Or. lo, J5 : with ad, 
 cf. aliquem ad laboiem et ad laudem 
 exc, id. Plane. 24, 59. 2. incito, i 
 (v. same synonyms) : cf. ipsum ingenium 
 diligentia etiani ex tarditate incitat, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, };, 147 with abl. of means: 
 quorum studio legend! meum sciibendi 
 studium in dies incitatur. id. Div. 2, 2, 5 : 
 with ad; juvenes ad studium et ad la- 
 borem inc., id. de Or. i. 61, 262. Also 
 Buscito, I : cf. vim suscitat ira, Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 454. 3. animo, 1 (sometimes 
 in this sense): with inf.: Macrob. Sat. 
 
 7. ?• 4. stimuli), I ; to urue : to 
 STIMUL.VTE: cf. conceptus stim., Plin. 2, 
 
 8, 6: venerem stim., id. 25, 7, 67: to 
 q. one's caution, cf. vetus nostra simul- 
 tas antea stimulabat me, ut caverem, 
 Cic. Fani. j, 12, fin. Join: stim. 
 atque excit. : ad alicujus saliitem de- 
 fendendam stimulari atque excitari, id. 
 Plane. 28, 69. Note: -instigo may also 
 be used: v. to urge: to instigate. 
 And incendo: v. to inflame. 5, 
 prombvgo, niovi, motum. 2 : cf. Doctrina 
 Bed vim promovet insitam, Hor. Od. 
 4. 4, 5 ?■ 6. H-xpr. by the comp. wlj. 
 alacriorem aliquem erticeie : cf. quum 
 timidiores hd-tes nostros milites alacri- 
 ores ad pugnaiidiim effecissent, Caes B 
 G. ?, 24 : also by the subs, alacriias: to 
 q. one's zeal (or energy, or effin-ts) and 
 hope, alacri tatem et spem aff erre ; cf f re- 
 quentia vestra, etc., et alacritatem mihi 
 summani affert reipiibliiae defendendae, 
 et spem recuperandae libertatis, Cic. 
 Phil. 4, I, init.: tn q. one's zial, alacr. 
 alicui injicere: cf. multo major alacritas 
 Studiumque pugnandi mnjus exercitui 
 iijectum est, Caes. B. G. i, 46. 7. 
 Expr. by p'liT. with animus: to q. one's 
 courage, iu\\vaoti dare. cf. bellica Pallas 
 adest, datque animos. Ov. M. 5, 47 . to 
 hare one's courngt' quickened: cf. ibi 
 nostris animus additus est, PI. Am. i, 1, 
 94: Caasio a'limus accessit, Cic. Att. 5, 
 20, ? ; nostris animus augetur, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 70. III. 7h oiirf speed: to 
 hasten (trans.) to put into quicker 
 motion : to accelerate : 1, cllo, i ; to 
 5 onf's pace, gradum c, Claud. VI. 
 G. Hon. ;io: in medical sense, to q. 
 
 626 
 
 (= stimulate) any function of the body : 
 lo q. the motions, alvum c. Col. 7, 9. 9 : 
 cf. humorem, pus, urinani c. Cels. 4, 6 : 
 ;, 28, No. I } : 2, 19. !■■ i g. : of emotions : 
 cf. isque motus (animi) aut boni aut 
 mali opinione citetur (may be q.'d or 
 stimulated), Cic. Tusc. j, it, 24. Comp.: 
 concito, I : but when {the speaker's) 
 warmth quickens his action, at ubi earn 
 (actionem) calor concitaverit, yuint. 11, 
 }, III : exciio, I : to q. a fire, cf. picem 
 reliquasque res quilms ignis excitari 
 potest, Caes. B. G. 7, 24 : to q. the lire (in 
 a tire-place) by blowing, foculum bucca 
 exc, Juv. {, 262 : cf. (01 a funeral pyre) 
 excital invalidas admoto fomite fiammas, 
 Lucaii 8, 776. Fig.: of emotions, opp. 
 to sedo : cf. in animis hominum motum 
 dicendo vel excitare vel sedare, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 46, 202 : suscito, I : q.s the 
 smouldering fire (poet.), sopitos suscitat 
 ignes, Virg Aen. 5, 74; : and esp., 2. 
 incito, I (cf. to urge on) : (of deer) in- 
 bred timidity quickens their limbs, 
 patrius pavor incitat artus, Lucr. }, 
 74J : opp. to retardo : (stellarum vaga- 
 rum) motus tum incltantur, tum retard- 
 antur, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, loj (cf. "you 
 may q. or slack a motion," Bacon) : to 
 q. (one's h^/rse's) speed, incitare cur- 
 rentem, Cic. Phil, j, 8, 19 (prov. = to 
 spur a willing horse) : to q (or stimu- 
 late) the growth of plants, cf. ut Incitari 
 vitis possit, Col. 4, 22, J. 3- accglgro, 
 1 : to q. one's step, ace. gressum. Att. In 
 Non. 89, 25 : /t« q.s his march, iter 
 accelerat, Caes. B. C. 2, J9 : pass, with 
 abl. : his enterprise nas q.'d by, etc., ac- 
 celerata coepta exercitiis studio, Tac. 
 H. 2, 85. Also the simple v. c61ero, i : 
 to q. one's step, c. gradum, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 641 : v. TO HASTEN. 4, pr6pero, i, and 
 comp. deprSpero, i : v. to hasten : if 
 he Itad q.'d his march, si coeptum iter 
 properasset, Tac. H. j, 40. 6. prae- 
 cipito, I : v. to hasten : to hukrv : 
 (to rowers) q. your pace (or speed); 
 poet., praecipitate moras ! Virg. Aen. 8, 
 44J. 6. maturo, i (to hasten on) : to 
 q. one's march (or journey), iter m., 
 Caes. B C. i. 6j : of bodily functions: 
 cf. partus conceptos m., Plin. jo, 14, 4?. 
 
 B. I n t r. (and Pass. := I n t r. to be 
 quickened). |. To receive life : to be- 
 come alive : to come to life : and hence 
 
 II, To grow lix^ely or strong. 1. 
 vivesco {or vivisco), vixi, j, incep. of 
 vivo : (of the reproduction of oysters), 
 these scrapings q., ea strigmenta vi- 
 vescunt, Plin. 9, 51, 72 : vivescentia 
 {things conceiving life). Id. 16, 25, J9: 
 in secondary sense, Join, vivescit et 
 inveterascit, Lucr. 4, 1064, 2. vlggo, 
 fii, 2 : nhether the soul dies or is q.'d. sive 
 occiderit animus sive vigeat, Cic. Tusc. 
 1,4}, 104: with abl. of means; Fig.: 
 the soul (or heart) q.s tfith joy, animus 
 laetitia viget, Lucr. ?, 151 : poet.. Rumour 
 q.s with motion, etc., (Fama) Mobili- 
 tate vIget, viresque acquirit eundo. Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 17?. 3. vigesco, giii, ?, incep. : 
 cf. de nihiloque renata vigcscere copia 
 rerum {is quickened into new We), Lucr. 
 1, 758: with abl. of the means; jam 
 laeti studio pedes vlgescum, ('at. 46, 8. 
 
 4. Also expr. by pass, of verbs 
 under A. I-. H- III. To gain speed : 
 to move quicker : expr. by pass, and re- 
 flect, forms of verbs under A. '^1- • «• 9- 
 motus incltantur, Cic. N. I). 2, 40, 10?, 
 supr. cit. : also by the adv. with verbs 
 of motion, v. quickly : cf. quick, to be. 
 
 quickened (.cuij-): I. with life 
 
 (Lit. and Fig.): vivatus (an old 
 word): used esp. with p6testas: the 
 q. pollers of body and soul, etc, Deni- 
 que corporis atque animI vivata potestas, 
 Inter se conjuncta, valeiil, vltaque fru- 
 untur, Lucr. }, 5?7. ||. With energy: 
 vividiis {full of life and eni-ri/y) : q. 
 energy of snul, v. vis animi, Lucr. i, 72 : 
 q. heroism in uar, bello v. virtus, Viig. 
 Aeii. 5, 754. Ill, With speed. Kxpr. 
 all three senses by partici/is. of verbs 
 under to quicken : esp. citatus, con- 
 citatus. Phr. : u-ith q.'d l/reath (pant- 
 ing) : sublimi fugles anhelitu, Hor. Od. 
 I, 15. J«- 
 
 quickener (Lit and Fig.): ofM 
 
 who (or that which) gives life, energy, 
 speed, to any one or anything. L 
 animator, oris, to., and -trix, tricis, /. . 
 cf. corpus animatum splritu omnium 
 animarum animatore, I'ert. Apol. 42 : 
 cf quam dllectionem perfectam aCBmiat, 
 nisi tugatricem timoris et animatricem 
 confesslonis, id. contr. Gnost. 12. Fig.: 
 marmoris signilex animator. Cap. i, p. i j. 
 2, viviticator, oris, m. : cf. spiritum 
 scilicet carni mortiticatae vivificatorem, 
 Tert. Res. Cam. J7, med. 3, expr. 
 by the verbs with rel. pi-ons., and by the 
 act. particips. : v. inciter: excfter : 
 instigator: stimulant. 
 
 quickening (,subs.) .- |. Of life 
 (Lit. and Fig.). 1. animatio, /. 
 
 (very rare) : the q. of life in a tree, 
 arboris an., Tert. de Anim. 19. 2. 
 vivlficatio,/. ; (Lit.) opp. to occitionem 
 {killing): cf. id. Res. Cam. 28, fin., caro 
 resurgat necesse est, eui anima per oc- 
 cisionem erepta referenda est per vi vifica- 
 tionem : (in spiritual sense) ; vivlficatio 
 in Christo opp. to mortificatio in Adam, 
 id. adv. Marcion. j, 9, med. ||, Of 
 energy: motus, us, m.: impulsus, us, 
 m. : concitatio, /. : excitatio, /., etc. : 
 
 V. IMPL'I,SE : EXCITEMENT: ANIMATION. 
 
 III. '^if f^fed: accglgratio, /. : of 
 speech : cf orationis continuae acceler- 
 atio clamosa, Auct. Her. j, IJ, 2J : T. 
 
 ACCELERATION: QUICKNB.'S: SPEED. 
 
 quickening (.adj.) : I. imparting 
 life (Lit. and Fig.): the usu. sense of 
 the word. 1. vivax, acis : the q. 
 bosom of the earth, cf. fecundaque semina 
 rerum, Vivaci nutrita solo, ceu matris in 
 alvo, Creverunt, Ov. M. i, 420. 2. 
 vitalis : cf. vitalls vita, Enn. in Cic. Am. 
 6, 22 : q. power (or vital force), cf. 
 caloris natura vim habet in se vitalem, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24: a q. and healthful 
 breeze, cf. aer vitalem et salutaiem 
 spiritum praebet animantibus, ib. 45, 
 117- 3. vivificus: Apul. Trismeg., 
 init. : q. power or force, v. vigor, Amm. 
 21, I : " Tou give such liiely life, such 
 q. potter " (Davles), "Vitam vitalem das, 
 vivificumque vigorem : also vivifieans, 
 Vulg. and Eccles. v. to quicken: cf. 
 REVIVING: viviFTiNG. ||, imparting 
 new energy. |||, Increasing speed : 
 expr. all three senses by the verbs and 
 particips., v. to quicken: cf. animat- 
 ing : EXCITING : STIMULATING : ACCEL- 
 ERATING : HASTENING. 
 
 quickly and quick (adv.) : | 
 Of the process : todh speed or activity 
 II, Of the result: soon: readily: 
 easily : (the two senses are so distributed 
 in the Latin words, as to be best dis- 
 cerned in the examples. N.B.— The 
 advs. and adjs. are often used inter- 
 changeably). 1. cito : be off quick ! 
 abi cito et suspeiide le, Ter. Andr. i, 5, 
 20 : Prov. bis dat qui cito dat : (= 
 readily) : to learn q., cito discere, Cic. 
 de Or. J, 56, 146: they (certain learners) 
 haven't much to show, but they show it 
 quickly, non multum praestant, sed cito. 
 Quint, I. }. 4: howq.'. quam cito, ler. 
 Kun. I, 2, 98 : so q., tarn cito, Vulg. Gen, 
 xxvii. 20 : v. soon : easily : comp. 
 citius: v. SOONER: BATHER: sup. very 
 q. : cf. se in currus citlssime reclpere, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, i j, as q. as pissible {with 
 all speed), quam citissiine ugi ee q., etc., 
 esto consen liens ad versario luo cito (i.e. 
 in good time), Vulg. Matt. v. 25 : tit 
 doiin q. and write fifty, sede cito, scribe 
 L. {without loss of time), id. Luc. xvi. 6: 
 cf cito eutites. Matt, xxviii. 7 (cf. exi- 
 erunt cito, ib. 8, i. e. in haste : surgit c, 
 Joli. 11. 29): to come q., i. e. both soon 
 and suddenly : (as a warning) fut. ve- 
 niam libi c, id. Apoc. ii. 16: (cf. ecce! 
 vae tertium vetiiet c, Ib. xi 14) : pres. 
 ecce venio c. ' ib. iii. 11 : xxii. 12 and 
 20 (velociter, ib, 7), (N.B.— c. is very 
 freq. in Vulg. Comp. what thou, doest, 
 do q., quod facis, fac citius. Id. Joh. xiii. 
 27.) Deriv. adv. : citate : comp., to 
 move quicker, cf. piscatores cttatius 
 moventur, Quint 11, j. 112 : tup., as 
 q. as possible, cf. ut versus quam citalis- 
 sime volvarit, id. 1, t, {7 citatim. ivith
 
 QU ICKLT 
 
 QUICKNESS 
 
 QUICKNESS 
 
 eager speed (very rare) : to write quick, 
 c. scriberr, Cic. Att 14, zo, dub. : cf. ipse 
 in eum locum c. Cdiitemlit, Hirl. B. Afi. 
 80. Kxpr. by cuij. cilatus : cf. ferunt 
 citati signa, Liv. 41, j : q.r than a 
 viiiged shaft, peniiaqiie citatlor ibat, 
 Sil. 10, 1 1 : clius : ct. equltes parent citi, 
 I'l. Am. I, I, 88: citi solvite vela, VIrg. 
 Aen. 4, 574: somnus fugiens ciiud abiit 
 (« q. gone). Cat. 6j, Al: concitiis: cf. 
 concito gradu ingressi, Vulg. 2 Keg. xvii. 
 18. Kxpr. by verb, cito, 1, to move q., 
 cf. citat hastuin, Sil. 4, ;8}. 2. c61- 
 griter (v. soon: .spkkdilv): as sovn as, 
 etc., fortune q. changes (sides in war), 
 gimul perfecto jwiiie c. fortuna mutatur, 
 Caes. B. C. 1, 59. Comp. : to move 
 quiche, celerius nioveri (opp. to tardius), 
 Cic. Tim. 9 : a forced (or precocums) 
 maiurilij perislie's ail the q.er, celerius 
 occldere festiniiiam maturitateni, yuint 
 
 6. praef. } 10: with t'o, (contra.sted with 
 maturius) : (in argument) to deal iHth 
 a point the q.er in order to arrive at 
 another the sooner, cf. ut eo celerius de 
 Isto transigamus, quo maturius ad 
 Apronium possimus pervenire, Cic. 
 Verr. j, 24, 60 : IJimin. celeriuscule ; to 
 speak somewhat q.er, c. dicere, Auct 
 Her. ;, 14, 24: sup., rer;/ 5., (of the mind), 
 celerrime multa simul agitantein, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 14, 4;. Expr. by subs., to groiv 
 *>^y <?■• (quaedani) crescere summa 
 celeritate, opp. to quaedam paulo 
 tardius, Pliii. 9, ;i, init. Kxpr. by the 
 verb celero, i, to execute an order q., 
 imperium alicnjus celerare, Val- Fl. 4. 
 80 : and accelero, i : malre q., accelera 
 et fac, Vulg. Gen. xviij. 6. 3. velo- 
 citer {simftly. speedily) : of motion ; to 
 follow q. (after one another), v. con- 
 sequi, Ov. M.4, 508 : rise up q., surge v., 
 Vulg. AcL xii. 7 : make haste and go out 
 q., festina et exi velociter. ib. xxii. 18 : 
 the accomplishment of writing veil and 
 q., cura bene ac v. scribendi, Quint, i, i, 
 28 : of change : to grow old q., v. sene- 
 scere, Plin. 16, 44, 90. Join: cito at- 
 que v. consurget in vos furor Itomini, 
 Vulg. Josh, xxiii. 16. Comp. to fly 
 away the q.er, cf. optimis rebus agi- 
 tatus et exercitatus animus velocius in 
 banc sedem et domum suam pervolabit, 
 Cic. Kep. 6, 26 : sup., to move the q.est, 
 velocissime nioveri (after celerius), Cic. 
 Tim. 9 : the enemy fled very q., hostes 
 V. refugiebant, Caes. B. G. 5, J5 : he 
 used to copy handivriting very q., 
 (Titum) notis excipere v. solitutn chlro- 
 grapha, Suet. Tit. ?. Expr. by adj. 
 velox : come q. '. velox veni ! Hor. Od. 4, 
 12, 22. 4. odter (su'iftly, speedily) : 
 rare in^.s., cf. prefer ociter, Apul. M. i, 
 p. II}: Eng. pos. expr. by l,at. comp. : 
 cf. sequere hac me ocius, Ter. Heaut. 4, 
 
 7, 4: (a rude order at table), quick, 
 there, bring me the oil ! Nemon' oleum 
 fert ocius? Hor. S. 2, 7, J4. Comp. : and 
 this the q.er, idque (animus) ocius faclet, 
 Cic. Rep. 6, 26 (in continuation of toe. 
 tup. cit.. No. i) ; to arrive the q.er, ocius 
 pervenire ad, id. Quint, ij: they plied 
 their oars q.er, illi ocius incubuere om- 
 nes, Virg. Aen. 8, 444 : sup., to bear 
 (fruit) very 5., odssime ferre, I'lln. 17, 
 II, 16: to be healed very q., (ulccra 
 omnia) ocissime sanari, id. J4, 10, 22: 
 as q. as possible, cf. quam ocissume ad 
 provinciam acct'dat,.Sail. J. 25: v. soon. 
 
 5. propcre (v. hastily; (in) haste): 
 cf. p. sequere me, I'l. Aul. J, 2, 86 : be 
 off ?•. P- egredere, Nep. Epam. 4: der. 
 adv. propgriler (rare) ; to put to sea q., 
 classem in altum p. deducere, Pac. in 
 Non. 155, 6: <f. Apul. M. 6, p. 184: 
 pr6peratira (rare) : cf. p. conficcre opus, 
 Caecil. in ^on. 15?, 15: prOpSrato: cf. 
 p. ad mortem agitur, Tac. A. i ?, i. 
 Expr. by verb, prOpCro, 1 : had not M. 
 q. assumed the ojf'fnsix'e and sallied out, 
 ni Marius signa inferre atque evadere 
 oppido properavlsset. Sail. J. 56: esp. as 
 exclam., quick! cf. propera, fer pedem, 
 Pi. Men. J, J, JO : ad«. and vrrb ; quick! 
 quick ! propere propera (with inf. 
 vomere argentiim). id. Cure. ?, j, 
 10. Note: — (stronger) praecipitauter: 
 raplde: r. hastily: hukrikdi.y: ka- 
 
 piDLY. 6. pernictter (v. nimbly}: 
 
 see Itmu q. {the fires) have leapt forth, 
 viden' ut perniciter exsiluere (ignes). 
 Cat. 62, 8: cf p. equo desilire, Llv. 26, 
 4: birds flying high and quick, allies 
 alte p.que volantes, Plin. 8. 14, 14. 
 Also, in sim. sense, agiliter, Amni. 14, 
 2 : comp. Col. 2, 2. 7. impigre (v. 
 actively: reawly: speedily): J rose 
 q. in the dead of night, de nocte multa 
 imp. exsurrexi, I'l. Kud. 4, 2, 10: cf. 
 imp. se movere, Liv. i, 10; consulem 
 imp. milites secuti sunt, id. 2, 47. 8. 
 festinanter (v. hastily : hckkiedly) : 
 also expr. bj- adj. festinus : thou shall go 
 down q., descendes ergo festinus, Vulg. 
 I Reg. XX. 19 : also by part, festinans : 
 V. (in) haste. 9. matiire (v. be- 
 
 times: EARLY: SOON: spEia)iLY): when 
 your plan is formed, you should act q.. ubi 
 consulueris. mature facto opus est. Sail. 
 C. i,fin.: cump., cf. maturius pervenire, 
 Cic. Verr. !, 24, 60: sup., as q. as pos- 
 sible : cf. quibus rebus quam maturrime 
 occurrcndum putabat, Caes. B. G. i, jj, 
 fin. 10. actutum (v instantly) : 
 freq. In PI. but rare in subseq. writers : 
 PI. Am. I, }, }2 : id. Cap. }, 5, 7; : Ter. 
 Ad. 4, 4, 26: Cic. Phil. 12. 11. U. 
 ficile (v. readily : easily : opp. to 
 slotrly jLnd with difficulty) : esp. in sup. : 
 it may be q. seen, facillime perspici 
 potest, Cic. Br. 42, 155: neg., a three- 
 fold cord is not q. broken, funiculus 
 triplex difficile rumpitur, Vulg. Eccles. 
 iv. 12. 12. expedite: cf. exp. ex- 
 plicans quod proposuerat, Cic. Br. 67, 
 2J7- (0/^ I- perception). Join: in iis 
 rebus celeriter expediteque perclpiendis, 
 Cic. Kin. ;, 12, fin. : sup., most easily 
 and q.. Join: (quocumque opus erU) 
 facillime et ex[>editissime conferre, id. 
 Kara. 6, 20. 13. soUerter : cf. aliquid 
 soUertissime perspicere, Cic. Verr. 4, 44. 
 Abo expr. by other advs. signifying 
 quickness of apprehension: e.g. acute: 
 perspicace (and -iter): subtiliter: saga- 
 clter. V. acutely: keenly: readily. 
 14, Expr. by such advs. as modo 
 mox : confestim : coutinuo : extemplo ; 
 illico : statlm : and by Phrr. : as, nee 
 mora : moram • v. at once : forth- 
 with : NOW: iiOON: PRESENTLY: UIME- 
 DIATELY : DELAY. 
 
 quickness: I. In primary sense 
 of the adj., liveliness : keenness of sen- 
 sation : and hence, acuttness of feeling, 
 and vigour, readiness, sharpness of in- 
 tellect : (_opp. lo slow, dull). 1. vis,/.: 
 and vigor, m. : v. fokce : pow er. 
 Join (opp. to tardus, slow) nee tarda 
 senectus debilitat vires animi mulatque 
 vigorem, Virg. Aen. 9. 611 : what q. of 
 mind ! di boni I vigoris est quantum 
 animi I Sen. Ep. 64. 2. vivacitas, /. 
 (late): of mind, iiigenii. Am. 5, 179: of 
 feeli7ig, cordis, ib. 157. 3, perspica- 
 citas,/. : q. of sight (v. quick-sighted- 
 NEss). F i g. of the understanding : such 
 is your q. ! tanta es perspicacitate ! Cic. 
 Att. I, 18, 9, fin. 4, acies, ci, /. ; 
 q. 0/ si(//i£ (V. q.-sightedness). Fig.: 
 with gen., ac. mentis, Cic. N. I). 2, 17: 
 cf. nulla ac. humani ingenil tantji sit, 
 quae, etc., id. Ac. 2, jq. 5. icumen, 
 iiiis, n. (objectively), pungency of taste, 
 Plin. 14, 20,2; (cf. "Thy generous frult.s 
 still show a q.," Dryden : " a pleasant 
 q.," Mortimer: v. pungency): sub- 
 jectively of the mind ; <;. of ivit, Ingeni- 
 urum ac.,Cic. Kl. 4: v. acumen : acdte- 
 NE.«s. 6. sagacitas,/. : pro^i.q. of scent, 
 s. narium, Cic. N. I). 2, 6}, 1 58 : s. canum, 
 Plin. 9, ;o, 48 : absol. (used of hunters), 
 Plin. Pan. 81 : q. of sensation (in gen.), 
 sensuum s., Sen. Ep. 95. Fig.: intel- 
 lectual : such is his q. in matters of this 
 sort, qua est ipse sagacilate in his rebus, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 41: v. acutexess : 
 SAGACITY". 7. aiacritas,/.,bri,«A.-ne.'«: 
 cf. al. canum In venando, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 6j: of the feelings and mind: Join : 
 inoitatio atque al. keenness and q. of 
 courage, quaedam animi incitalio atque 
 al. naturaliter innata omnibus, quae 
 studio pugnae incenditur, Caes. B. C. }, 
 92: the strength and q. of mrn's minds. 
 Join: vigores quidam mentlum et 
 
 alacritates, GelL 19, 12, 4. g. calll- 
 ditas,/., acquired readiness {tee Cicero's 
 def., s. V. QUICK). Join: c. et celeritas 
 ingenii : vincebat enim omnes cura, 
 vigilantia, patientia, calUditate el celeri- 
 tate ingenii (subtlety and q. of icit), 
 Nep. Eum. i. 9. exercllatio, /., q. 
 arising from practice : v. practice. 
 10. soUertla,/., cUnterity : shrewd- 
 ness: cf. est genus (Gallorum) sumniae 
 soUertiae, Caes. B. G. 7, 22 : with gen.. 
 Ingenil s., Sail. J. 7 . q. in thouyht ani 
 action, agendi cogitandique s., Cic. Oft 
 1,44, 157. II. Q. of motion: tpeeil : 
 activity. 1. c6l6ritas, /. (v. speed: 
 swiftness): q. of foot, c. pe<lum, Cic. 
 Acad. I, 5, 19: of a thip, navis c, id. 
 Verr. 5, 54 : q. acquired by practice, cf. 
 tanta erat horum (peditum) exercita- 
 tione c, Caes. B. G. I, 48 : with In : 
 tanta fuit (militum) in cupiendi> castris 
 c, lb. 7, 46. J o i n : c. et vis cquorum, 
 Cic. Div. 2, 70, 144: of the motions of 
 the heavenly bodies ; to be surpaued in 
 q., celeritate vinci, Cic. Fin. 9: the q. 
 (quick-working) of a poison, veneni c, 
 id. Coel. 24, fin. : defined and extended 
 to mind: velocitas autcm corporis c. 
 appellatur {speed in a body is called q.) : 
 quae eadem Ingenii etiain (and tJiis same 
 quality in the mind also) etiam laus 
 habetur propter animi multarum rerum 
 brevi tempore percursionem. id. Tusc. 
 4, ij,^n.: since such is the q. of our 
 minds, quum tanta c. animorum sil, id. 
 Sen. 21, li: q. of thought, Quint. 10, }, 
 19: with obj. gen., q. in war, belli c, 
 Cic Phil. 5, 9 : q. in council (or in 
 forming plans), consilil c, Nep. Ages. 
 6 : of speech, dicendi c, Cic. Kl. 20, 48 : 
 orationis c, Id. Or. 16, 5} : esp. as a 
 forensic quality; ever -ready q. in 
 managing and answering cases, promp- 
 tam et paratam in agendo et in re- 
 spondendo c. (suix»ravii), id. Brut. 42. 
 154: plur. indef. (of gaii and carriage): 
 not, when in haste, to run into an un- 
 seemly g.,(cavendum ne) In feslirutioni- 
 bus suscipiamus nimias celeritates (opp. 
 to, ne aut tarditalibus utamur in iii- 
 gressu mollioribus). Id. Off. I, )6, iji. 
 (N. B. — Kor feslinatio, v. haste : h ueby.) 
 Also ccleritudo, inls, /. (rare). Varr. 
 R. R. J, 12, 6. Also aaeleratio, v. 
 quickening. 2. velocitas, /. (v. 
 swiftness: rapidity: speed): we see 
 some endotved with q.for running, alios 
 videmus velocitate ad cursuin valere, 
 Cic. Off. I, JO, 107: cf. corpora prae- 
 stantiora velocitate. Quint 2, 16, IJ. 
 Join: vis et v. {strength and q.ness), 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 28 : cf. non virlbus aut 
 velocitate aut celeritate corporum 
 magnae res geruntur, Cic Sen. 6, 17. 
 Fig.: q. of thought, v. cogilatlonum 
 animique celeritas, Plin. 7, 12, 10: cf. 
 v. animi exercitata studio. Quint. 5, la 
 12}: the q. of the mischief: cf. (In. 
 cendium) anteiit reme<lia velocitate 
 mali (i. e. the q. spread of the fire). Tac. 
 A. i;, j8 : as a quality of style . cf. im- 
 mortalis ilia v. Sallustii, Quint. 10, i. 
 102. 3. pemicitas,/. {physical only;, 
 V. agility: activity: nimblenkss: 
 esp. q of foot, |iedum p., Llv. 9, 16: 
 equorum p., Tac. H. i. 79 : for the sake 
 of q., (milites expediti) ad pemicilatem, 
 Caes. B. C. J, 84: my q. is gone, p. 
 deserit: consitus sum seneciute, PI. 
 Men. 5, 2, 4. Join: p. et celeritas, 
 Cic Tusc. 5, 15. 45- 4. agilltas, /. 
 
 (v. NIMBLENE.'SS : ACTIVITY: SPEED): cf. 
 
 ag. navium, -Llv. 26, 51 : ag. rotarum. 
 Curt. 4, 6. Join: cursus et agiliias 
 (for the q. movements of a comic aclor), 
 Quint. II, J, 180. Fig. : q. of feeling : 
 cf. ag.. ut ita dicam, mollitiaque naturae, 
 Cic Att. I. 17- 5. ftcllllas,/. (cf. 
 EASE: READiM-^ssI : q. oj couroge, au- 
 dendl f.. Quint. 12, 6. 7 : (in learning): 
 cf. aetatis illius (puerilis) f.. Id. 1, 1 2, il : 
 of utterance or enunciation, oris f., id. 
 10, 7, 26 : but rather i t fluent than rapid 
 elocution : cf. id. 10, 2, 12 : and, for the 
 distinction of fac. and celerita.s, cf. Sen. 
 Kp. 40. Perh. also niaiuratio, Auct. Her. 
 }, 2. }. N.fS.— Kxpr. also In all senses 
 by the adj. and adv. (e. g. u-itJi q., etc) 
 627
 
 QUID 
 
 QUI ET 
 
 QUIET 
 
 4uid: in the Phr. to give quid pro 
 quo, par pari respondere or referre : cf. 
 par pari respond*-!, PI. True. 5, 47 : p. p. 
 respondimus, Cic. Att. 6, i ; par pari re- 
 ferto. Per. Kun. j, i, 55. 
 
 quiddany : quinct-mamialade ; v. 
 
 QTUKCE. 
 
 quiddity: I. -A- scholastic term, 
 that which ansuers to the question quid 
 est? V. essence: in med. Lat. quidditas, 
 f.(cf.:- 
 
 " Where entity and quiddity. 
 The ghosts of defunct bodies lie " 
 
 ITudibras). 
 U. Hence, derisively, a trivial ques- 
 tion, captiuncula : quaestio captiosa : 
 
 V. QUIBBLE. 
 
 quiescence : v. qdiet : repose : 
 EEsr: quiescentia (late), Firm. M. i, }. 
 
 quiescent : «* rest (esp. in physics, 
 e. g. "a q. medium," Newton's Opticks) : 
 expr. gen. by quiescens : cf. quiescentes 
 aquae (staJidtn^ waters, opp. toflowivg), 
 Plin. ij, II, 22: T. QUIET: (at) KESr : 
 
 STILL. 
 
 quiet («■) •■ I. Oen. sense, ttie ab- 
 sence of disturbance : stillness : repose : 
 rest. 1. quies. etis, /. 2. tranquil- 
 litas, atis, /. : (usu. the calmness of the 
 sea): Join: cf. locus quietis et tran- 
 qnillitatis plenissimus, Cic. de Or. i, i : 
 cf. oninem tranquillilatem et quietem 
 senectutis acceptam refert cleraentiae 
 tuae, id. Dei* it. ij, j8. Join : mira 
 sereiiitas cum tranquillitate. 1. e. the pe- 
 culiar q. of a still, culm day, Liv. 26, 
 11: (cf., in the abstract. "Indulgent 
 quiet, power serene," Huehes). Fig.: 
 q. (or peace) of mind, cf. securitas, quae 
 est animi tanquam tr., Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 2J : 
 (with quietus): cf. qviet, culj. Join: 
 tr. atque otium (</. and repose in one's 
 daily life): cf. (Agriola) trunquilli- 
 tatein atque ofium penitus auxit, Tac. 
 Agr. 40 : V. CALMNESS : stillness. Also 
 the n. of the adj. used subs, (not in nam.), 
 tranquillum, n., a state of q. : to live in 
 q., esse in tranquillo, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 8 : 
 cf. (Ileus) qui fiuctibus e tantis vitam in 
 tam tranquiUo lociivit, Lucr. 5, 12. 3. 
 requies, etis, ei, ami e, /. (atter labour 
 and trouble), a delicious q., r. plena ob- 
 lectationis, Cic. Am. 27, loj. Phr.: in 
 q. resting places, in requie, Vulg. Is. 
 
 X.XXViii. 18: V. KECEEATION : BEST: RK- 
 
 posE. Also, in this sense, remissio, onis, 
 f. : used with quies, Cic. Coel. 17 : every 
 one ought to be allowed some interval of 
 q., danda est omnibus aliqua remissio. 
 Quint. I, ?, 8: v. relaxatio.w 4. 
 otium, «., (opp. to thepi-essure of affairs : 
 V. LEISURE) : to obtain q., in otium venire, 
 Cic. Att. 1, T ■■ to enjoy q., otio frui, id. 
 Off. ;,!,?: I'm so in love xvilh g., sic 
 enim sum complexus otium, ut ab eo 
 divelli iiou queam, Cic. Att. 2, 6: in a 
 bad sense, a lazy q., o. inertisslmum 
 et desidiosissimum, id. Agr. 2, Ji : to 
 waste (or, lounge away) one's q. (quiet 
 time) in sloth, o. segne trabere, Tac. 
 H. 4, 70. Expr. by adj. (subjectively) : 
 when he took up his pen in q., quum 
 otiosus slilum prehenderat, Cic. Brut. 
 24, 9?. To live in q., in otio vivere, 
 id. Agr. 2, J7, roj. Join: ot. et tran- 
 quilliias : to seek for q. ayid tranquil- 
 lity in life, ot. ac iranq. vitae sequi, 
 id. Mur. 27, 55. 5. pax, pacis,/. ; rf. 
 temperantia pacem animis affert, Cic. 
 Kin. 1, 14; to reign in q., in pace reg- 
 nare, Vulg. 2 Paralip. xiv. 5. 6. silen- 
 lium, 71. ; V. silence, .stillness : not 
 only opp. to speaking, but to noise in 
 gen., an4 in wider sense, to disturbance : 
 peace and q.. Join: otinm et s. est, 
 Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 55 : in the q. (i. e. 
 stillness) of night : cf. se vocem noctis 
 silentio audisse clariorem humana, Liv. 
 5, {2: Pliir. cf. severa silentia noctis, 
 Lucr. 4,461 : cf. per muta silentia noctis, 
 Ov. M. 7, 184; hence expr. "the land 
 A dreadful q.felt. and, worser far Than 
 arms, a sullen interval of war," Dryden. 
 Join: sil. otiunique (q. and truce, or 
 inaction) inter armatos, Liv. 2, 45 : th'- q. 
 of the fields or country (noiselessiiess) : 
 cf.nactus silentia ruris (when he reached 
 theq. fields), Ov. M. i, zjs : to keep watch 
 628 
 
 inq., cum silentio praestolari, Vulg. Jud. 
 xvi. 2 : the words of the wise are heard 
 in q., verba sapientium audiuntur in 
 silentio, id. Eccles. ix. 17: to pass one's 
 life in q. (opp. to action), vitam silentio 
 transire. Sail. C. i : with gen. : a per- 
 petual q. (of inaction) in the courts and 
 forum, s. perpetuum judiciorum ac fori, 
 Cic. Pis. 14, il : just sui;h iixls the q. 
 course of his praetorship, idem praeturae 
 tenor et silentium, Tac. Agr. 6. Also 
 expr. in quiet by tacitus, etc. (v. quiet, 
 adj.: quietly). Transf. : he reigned 
 in q. at Amyclae (lit., over the q. A.), 
 tacitis regnavit Amyclis, Virg. Aen. 10. 
 564. II. In political Svuse ; (of the 
 state), freedom from war and com- 
 motion : (of persons), abstinence from 
 political activity : neutrality in party 
 strife: 1. quies: long q. : cf. (of 
 
 Rome) ex summa laetitia atque lascivia, 
 quae diutuma q. pepererat. Sail. C. }l : 
 q. is distasteful to the people, ingrata genti 
 q., Tac. G. 14. 2. esp. otium : (<>pp. 
 to bellum) cf. multitudo insolens belli 
 diuturnilate otii. Caes. B. C. 2, 56 : cf 
 Hor. Od. 2, 16. 5-6: with ab; cf otium 
 ab hoste fuit, Liv. i, J2 : to give q. to : 
 with ex (after a nar) ; cf. ex maximo 
 bello tantum otium toti insulae conci- 
 lia»it, Nep. Timol. j. Join: pax et 
 otium (peace and q.); si civitas longa 
 pace et otio torpeat, Tac, G. 14 : to 
 give (a people) q., o. afferre (with dat). 
 Join: id quod vobie affero, pacem, 
 tranquillitatem, otium, peace, repose, q. 
 (after civil dangers), Cic Agr. 2, 57, 102 : 
 to live in q., in otio esse, lb. : in that 
 very q., sub ipso o., ib. loj to maintain 
 a q. purchased by blood, vita partiim o. 
 tenere, ib. loj: to live in q. (abstaining 
 from political conflicts): those who live 
 in q. for the sake of indulging sloth, 
 ii, qui propter desidiam in otio vivunt, 
 ib. : expr. by adj. : to confer perfect q. 
 upon, otiosissimos reddere, ib. (see the 
 play upon the words through the whole 
 pas'iage) : v. NEUTRALrry. 3. tran- 
 quillum, n. (not In nom.), a state of q. 
 (free from civil disturbance) : cf. ui urbe 
 ex tranquillo nee opinata moles discor- 
 diarum exorta est, Liv. 4, ij: in q. 
 (without further disturbance), cetera 
 tribnni tranquillo peregere, id. j, 14 : q. 
 being restored, republica in tranquilluni 
 redacta, ib. 40. 4. pax: v. peace: 
 Fig., ventorura paces, Lucr. 6, 1229. 
 
 quiet (adj.) : I. Free from motion 
 and disturbance : (both objectively and 
 subjectively). (Note: these senses are 
 so distributed among the Latin words, 
 as to be bet-t discerned by exx.). 1. 
 quietus: (the subj. sense prevails): (i.) 
 of persons : Join: vir rectus, integer, 
 q., ac verecundus, Plin. Ep. 7, ji : in- 
 tegri, q., oliosi homines, Cic. Agr. 2, 28 : 
 Superl., homo quietissimus, id. Verr. 4, 
 19 : a mind q. and unpreoccupied, q. et 
 solulus animus, Cic. R. Com. 15 : to lei a 
 person be q.j (aliquem) qnietum reddere : 
 cf. sex ego te totos, Parmeno hos menses 
 q. reddam, Ter. Andr. 2, 2. 46 : to be q. 
 and mind one's oun business, cf. operam 
 detis ut quieti sitis et ut vestrum ne- 
 gotium agatis, Vulg. i Thess. iv. 11 : /i 
 meek and q. spirit, q. et modestus spi- 
 ritus, id. i Pet. iii. 4 : calm and q. talk 
 or utterant:e. Join : q. et remi.'sus 
 sermo : deeorus est sermo senis, q. et 
 rem., Cic. Sen. 9, 28: a peaceful, tran- 
 quil, q., happy life. Join : placata, 
 tranquilla, quieta, beata vita, Ci;. Fin. 
 I, 21. 71. Join: placida quietaque 
 (calm and q.) : cf. tranquillitas (animi) 
 id est, pi. q.que constantia, id. Tusc. 4, 
 ;, 10. Hence, peaceable, freefrtrm am- 
 bition, neutral (in civil commotions) : 
 he harasses the q., q. lacessit. Just. 7, 
 6 : to keep q. at home. cf. quoad cum 
 civibus dimicatum est, domi q. fuit, 
 Nep. Pelop. 4 : the q. reign of \uma, 
 q. Pompili regnum, Hor. Od. i, 12, ;? : 
 to lead an inactive and q. life, otiosam 
 aetatem et q. sine uUo labore et con- 
 ten tione traducere, Cic. Sen. 2;, 82 : 
 that ice lead a q. and peaceable life. 
 Join: ut q. et tranquillam vitam 
 agamus, Vulg. i Tim. ii. 2 : of a pro- 
 
 vince (after an outhreak): cf. paulo 
 habuit post id factum quieliorem Gal- 
 liam, Caes. B. G. 5, 58. Join: pacatis- 
 sima et quietissima pars (Galliae), ib. 24 : 
 a people q. and secure. Join : populum 
 securum et q., Vulg. Judic. xYiii. 7 : cf. 
 terram latissimara et q., id. i Paralip. iv. 
 40. (ii.) of animals: (gentle), cf. equi 
 flunt quieliores, Varr. R. R. 2, 7. (iii.) 
 of things : (v. calm) : cf. q. amnes (i. e. 
 gently fiowing), Hor. Od. }, 29, 40: the q. 
 air, q. aer, Virg. Aen. 5, 216 : (and subs., 
 quietum, n. Petr. iji) : cf. quietiore 
 nee feratur aequore, Hor. Kp. 10, 11. 
 2. tranqnillus: esp. of persons, feel- 
 ings, life : V. CALM, TRANQUIL. Comp. : 
 wlien I hear that you are in a quieter 
 state of mind, quum te tranquilliorem 
 animo esse cognoro, Cic. Fam. 4, 5, fin. 
 Sup. : a q. state of life : tr. res : cf. qui 
 me hodie ex tranquillissimare conjecisti 
 in nuptias, Ter. Andr. j, 5, 14 : (opp. to 
 turbulentus) cf. ilium meum turbuleii- 
 tissimum tempus profectionis tuo tran- 
 quillissimo praestat, Cic. Pis. 15, 35. 
 To make q., expr. by this adj. : v. to 
 QUIET. 3. oiiosus : at leisure, free 
 from engagements and interruptions; 
 also, indisposed to business : indifferent : 
 neutral : when J was q. at home, quum 
 essem ot. domi, Cic. Brut, j : q. (i. e. 
 vmconcemedi) spectators, etc., spectatores 
 ot. Lenctricae calamitatis, Cic. Off. 2, 7 : 
 absol., cf. crudellter otiosis minabantur 
 (those who remained q., in the civil war) 
 id. Fam. 9, 6, med. Fig. : (= gentle): 
 cf. fons vel rivus hue conveniat otiosus, 
 Plin. Ep. 9, 6. Al.so expr. by the subs. : 
 or that you would at least keep q. (in the 
 civil war), (ut) aut certe te in otium 
 referres, Dolab. in Cic. Fam. 9, 9 : in q. 
 times, per oiium : cf. studia per otium 
 concelebrata, Cic. Inv. i, j. 4. pacatus, 
 at peace (sometimes, but not always, 
 after a state of disturbance) : (i.) of 
 countries, states, provinces, etc. : Join: 
 p. tranquillaeque civitates, Cic. de Or. 
 I, 8: Sup., in provincia pacatissima, id. 
 Lig. 2. (ii.) of things : cf. pacati status 
 aeris, Lucr. }, 29J : p. mare, Hor. Od. 4, 
 5, 19: p. vultus, Ov. F. I, J. Comp., 
 a quieter style, oratio pacatior, Cic. 
 Brut. }l. 5. placiitus: a calm and q. 
 state of mind, Join: animi quietus et 
 p. sfcitus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 6 : in oratory : 
 to speak about things of a q. sort and 
 not disturbing, de rebus placatis ac 
 rainime turbulentis loqui, id. Or. 19, 6j : 
 of things .- pi. maria, Virg. Aen. }, 69. 
 Sup., nmst q. rest : cf. mors ei somno 
 siniilis est, qui nonnunquam, etiam sine 
 visis somniorum, placiitissimam quietem 
 affert, Cic. Tusc. i, 41, 97. 6. P'a- 
 
 cidllS (v. CALM : GENTLE : MIL!) : ON- 
 DISTURBED) : of persons : gentle and q., 
 Join : Clemens, placidus, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 
 10 : cf. Cic. Caecin 10: of things: pi. 
 coelum, Sil. 12, 667 : pi. mare, PI. Ep. 9, 
 26 : pi. amnis, Ov. M. i, 702 : pi. vita, 
 Lucr. 5, 1121 : pi. somnus, Ov. F. j, 185 : 
 pi. mors, Virg. Aen. 6, 522: a q. style, 
 pi. oratio, Cic. de Or. 2, 4; : a q. and 
 gentle old age. Join: pi. ac lenis se- 
 nectus, id. Sen. 5. 7. sedatus (opp. to 
 quick or violent motion) : cf. oderunt 
 sedatum celeres, Hor. Ep. I, 18,90: (to 
 a riotous mob), ye ought to be q., and to 
 do nothing rashly, oportet vos sedatos 
 esse, et nihil teniere agere, Vulg. Act. 
 xix. j6 : sedato gradu in castra abetmt, 
 Liv. 2;, J7 aq. river (as a fig. of style) : 
 cf. alter (Herodotus) sine uUis salebris 
 quasi sed. amnis fluit, alter (Thucy- 
 dides) incitatior fertur, Cic. Or. 12, Jin. 
 Comp.: of oratorical rhythm : (contrasted 
 with tranquillior) cf. (Isoerates) est, ut 
 in transferendis faciendisque verbis tran- 
 quillior (less daring), sic in ipsis numeris 
 sedatior, id. ib. 52, 176: at a somewhat 
 q. time (of less public excitement), 
 paulo sedatiore tempore, id. Clu. J7, 
 loj. Sup., to speak in a very q. and sub- 
 dued voice, sedatissima et depressissima 
 voce uti, Auct. Her. j, 14. 7. ^'C'- 
 turnus (opp. to noisy, demmistrative : 
 more often than actually silent) : cf. 
 tristem semper, quia t. videbant, Cic. 
 Sest. 9, 21 : q. (or still) silence, t. silentia ;
 
 QUIET 
 
 QUI E T 
 
 QUIETLY 
 
 cf. Lucr. 4, 584-5 (of the Satyrs, Nymphs, 
 and Fauns) : - 
 "Quonim noclivago strepitu ludoque 
 jocanti 
 Affirmant volgo tacilunia sllentia 
 rumpi." 
 Also tacitu-i (prop, silent): to obtrude 
 ori^t iiilt talk on a perton when he's 
 reading or wanting to be q., legentem ant 
 taciturn inipellere quovis senuone, Hor. 
 
 5. I, 5, 6? : to keep anuthing q. (secret), 
 taciturn (n. ace. ot oljj.j ttnere; cf. tantum 
 eos admuneamus, ui illud, etiam si est 
 verissimum, taciturn tamen, tanquani 
 mysterium, teneant, Cic. dc Or. j, I";. 64 : 
 to be q. under (111 trtatment), taciturn 
 (ace. erf subj.) ferre. pati : v. quietly. 
 
 8. concurs, dis, undisturbed by 
 quarrels : v. peackfcl : HARMONIOUS : 
 a settled and q. condition of the state, 
 moderatus ct concors civitatis status, 
 Cic. \j^. ?, 1 2, 28. Camp., ut multo Hat 
 civitas coniordlor, PI. Aul. j, 5, 7. Fig. 
 (of q. things) : c. aquae, Tlin. 5, 9, 10: 
 c. anni, Ov. M. 8, 708. 9. Other adjs. 
 may Ije used for the sense of calm, gentle, 
 peaceable (q. v.) : e. g. cleraens, fkcilis 
 mitis, serenus: and objectively, securus. 
 quiet, to be. to keep, to remain : 
 
 I. Obj : to be at eai^e, at rrst, at 
 peace, widislurbed. ||, Sub). : to be 
 peaceful, to abstain from actum: (dis- 
 tinguish the meanings in the examples) : 
 V. TO REST : TO ci'.ASE. 1, quiesco. evi, 
 etnm, }: cf. (of Antenor) nimc placida 
 comj)ostU8 pace quiescit, Virg. Aen. I, 
 249 : (" and there in q. reigns," Drj'- 
 den) : of a country in a state of peace : 
 quievit terra .\1. annos, Vulg. Judlc. viii. 
 28 (cf. 2 I'aralip. xiv. i): the realm 
 was q., quievit regnuni, id. 2 Paralip. 
 XX. }o: urbs quievit, ib. x.\iii. 2i : re- 
 verteiur Jacob et quiescet, id. Jer. x.nx. 
 lo. SubJ. (to be at peace): cannot re- 
 main q., cf. (of Carthage) renovat pris- 
 tina bella, nee potest q., Cic. Rep. 6, ii : 
 Fig. (of an instrument of destruction) : 
 Join: q. with sileo: mucro Domini, 
 nsquequo iion quie.sces (be q.) f Ingre- 
 dere in vaginam tuani, retrigerare, et sile 
 {xest and be still) ; quomodo quiescet, etc. ? 
 Vulg. Is. xlvii. 6, 7; to keep q (opp. to 
 mischievous meddling), used v.\lh pass, 
 impers. of a thing (opp. to keeping it 
 up) : Iwm easily could we have giien this 
 matter its quietus if this fellov; had kept 
 q., quibiis quidem quam facile potuerat 
 quiesci, si liic qiiiesset, Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 
 8: of neutrality in civil war ■ to remain 
 q., Cic. Att. 9, 10 : cf. pro conditione tem- 
 porum quieturus. Suet. Caes. 16: of 
 Viings : cf. prato gravia arma quiescunt 
 (lie q., i. e. unused), Virg. Aen. 10, 8}6 : 
 the waves are q., quieruut aequora, ib. 
 "i, 6: Fig. of the sea (for a maritime 
 stale), prae sollicitudine q. noii potiiit, 
 Vulg. Jer. .\lix. 2J : of silence : cf. 
 quiescunt voces, Ov. Tr. i, j, 27: Pig. 
 of contentmetit : Join: nonne silui .' 
 nonne quievi ? (at rest and q.), Vulg. 
 Job iii. 26. Conipds. : conquiesco, J, to 
 be perfectly at rest, to Iceep quite still .- 
 V. (at) rest: cf. videmus igitur, ut c. 
 ne infantes quidem possint, Cic. Fin. 5, 
 20, 5; ; to tei o person be q., cf. n^c nocte 
 Dec inlerdiu vlruni coiiq. pali, l,iv. i, 47 : 
 of the senses : cf ubi aures, convicio de- 
 fessae, conquiescaut, Cic. Arch. 6, 12: 
 with in ■ to enjoy q. : cf. in nostris studiis 
 libentissime ronqniescinius. Id. Kam. 9, 
 
 6. will e.\ : v.TO kest from : ofastate: 
 the city ucu in q., civitas conquievit, 
 Vulg. 4 Keg. xl. 20 (cf. 2 Paralip. xxiii. 
 21 ) : F i p. of inanimate nature : the whole 
 earth is at rest and is q.. Join: con- 
 quievit et siluitomnis terra, id. Is. xiv. 
 7 : rfiquie.sco, to take rest : v. to rest ; 
 TO REST FROM : esp. ill sleep and death : 
 v.inf. s. r. sileo. No. III. 1 : of peace of 
 mind : shall be q.fromfear of evil, absque 
 terrore requioscet. Vulg. Prov. i. j j : Fig. 
 requ'escet indignatio mea in te. Id. Kzek. 
 xvi 42. 2. Otior, dep. : (opp. to oecu- 
 patifm) : cf. quura se Syracusiis otiundi 
 Don negotlandi causa contulisset,Cic. Olf. 
 J, 14 : / remain q. (sperui my time q.ly) 
 at home, domesticus otior, Hor. S. i, 6, 
 128. 3. vaco, I, with aW., to be free 
 
 from any sort of disturbance : e. g. cnra 
 et negoiio, Cic. Leg. i, }, 8 ; metu ac 
 periculis, Liv. 7. i : abtol., rare : beq.l 
 (= attetul), cf. duni perago tecum pauca 
 sed apta, vaca, Ov. Am. 2, 2. 2. |||. To 
 lie silent ; hence to cease or refrain from 
 noise, disturbance, ur complaint : \, 
 sileo, ui, 2 : be q. and silerd and atiend. 
 Join: sileie, el lacete, atqne aninium 
 advortite, PI. Poen. prol. j : all sitting q. 
 (In expectation), sedentibus ac «ileiiiibiis 
 cunclis. Suet. Claud. 2i : to order or tell 
 to be q., cf. obstrepentes forte raiias siL 
 Jussit, Suet. Aug 94, med. : with obj. : 
 to lie q. about, or to keep a thing q., 
 cf tu hoc silebis, Cic. Att. 2, 18, Jin. : 
 wiih rel. clau.se, qua tulerit mercede. 
 silet, Ov. Jl. 7. 688: pass., that matter 
 is kept q., ea res siletur, Cic. Fl. j: and 
 pass, impers., with de : cf. de jurgio 
 siletur, Ter. Ph. 5, 2, l ? : of freedom Irom 
 anxiety : take heed and be q., fear not, 
 vide ut sileas, noli timere, Vulg. Is. vii. 
 4: Join: sileo et requiesco, to tie q. 
 and at rest: cf. (of death), nunc enira 
 dormiens silerem, et somno meo re- 
 quiescerem, Vulg. Job iii. ij: of things 
 (usu. poet.) : v. .STILL : ct. Intempestu 
 sllet nox, Virg. G. i, 24" : se|ies im- 
 motaeque silent frondes, silei humidus 
 aer, Ov. M. 7, 186: silet aura. Col. 2, 21, 
 5: silent late loca, Virg. Aen. 9, 190: 
 of the sea, s. aequor, \'irg. K. 9. 57 : s. 
 mare, Val. Fl. 7, 542: (of ter a storm) ; 
 
 silueruni fluctus ejus : el laetati 
 
 sunt quia siluerunt, Vulg. Ps. cvi. (cvii.) 
 ^9. i°- 2, Also expr. by the subs. 
 silenlium : be quiet ! lac silentium, PI. 
 Pers. 4, J, 50 : to keep q., sil. tenere, 
 facere : to order a person to keep q. 
 (impers.), silentium fieri Jubere ("pp. to 
 excitari), Cic. Div. i, 28, 59: when all 
 wereq. (silent), silentio lacti>, Liv. 24, 7 : 
 cf. Quint. 2, 5, 6 : to be q. about a thing, 
 silentio praeterire, Cic SuU. 21, fn. ; 
 id. Phil, ij, 6: s. transire, id. Alt. 2, 19: 
 Plin. Ep. 5. 20 : v. silence : silent : 
 STILL. 3. taceo, ui, ituni, 2 (to be 
 silent, more strictly than sileo; but also 
 in wider sense) : be q. ! lace : cf. ne ob- 
 turba, ac tace ! PI. Poen. i, 2, 9 : with 
 ace, to keep a thing q. : cf. tum demum 
 Liscus, quod antea tacuerat, proponit, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 17 : with de : to keep q. 
 abiiut a thing : cf. an me taciturum 
 taniis de rebus existimavistis ? Cic. Verr. 
 Act. I, 9, 27: pass, ivipers.; wiih dat. 
 of pers. : whrrm he wished to keep q. 
 about, etc., quibus de se et de suis factis 
 taceri velit, Cic. Agr. j, 2, 4 : absol., 
 if you want the matter to be kept q., 
 taceri si vis, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 26: of 
 animals and (fig.') natural objects: cf. 
 canis ipse tacet, Tib. 2, 4, 54: nox erat, 
 quum tacet omnis ager, pictaeque vo- 
 lucres, Virg. Aen. 4, 525. Compds. : 
 conticesco (and -Cisco), ticui. j : cf. sed 
 conticiscam, nam audio aperiri fores, PI. 
 Bac. 4, 6, 28 of things : conticuere un- 
 dae, Ov. M. 5, 574: reticeo, ui, 2: with 
 obj. of thing, to k- ep q. about, Cic. Fam. 
 5, 2: quae audierat. Sail. C. 2J : v. (to 
 keep) sile.nce. 4. favere Unguis, 
 
 ore, etc. : prop, to abstain from words 
 of evil omen (at a religious rite) : hence, 
 not to interrupt, to be silent and quiet : 
 (the worshippers) were named to be q., 
 ut favercnt Unguis imperabatur, Cic. 
 l)iv. I, 45, 102 : pass, impels, (custos) 
 qui faveri linguis jubeat. Plin. 28, 2, j: 
 keep q., favete linguis. Hor. Od. i. i, 2 : 
 Join: Unguis animi^que favete, Ov. F. 
 I. 71 : ore favete, Virg. Aen. 5, 71. 
 I'lir. : can't you be q.' potin' ut de- 
 siiias, to be q. under (a wrong, etc.) . v. 
 <ji:iETLV. 5. expr. by pax! asinterj. : 
 lieq.! (= hold your ttmgue), pi\ : PI. Mil. 
 J, 1, 21? : Ter. Heaut. 2, j. 49. 
 
 quiet (v.a.): 1. tranquillo, 1: v. 
 to CALM: TO COMPOSE. Also expr. bv 
 adj. with facere : to q. a person ohen 
 angry, tranquillum facere ex irato, PI. 
 Cist. J, 21. Com\t., t/iey quieted the plebs, 
 tranquilliorem plebem fecerunt, Liv. 2, 
 6} : cf. ita banc canem faciam tibi oleo 
 tranquilliorem. PI. Poen. 5, 4, 66. 2. 
 paco, I : of persons and amnlries (gen., 
 after war or insurrection): v. to sib- 
 
 DCE : of emotions: dolnres p., Claud, de 
 Apono, fn. : to q. the uiauenn<; tides <^ 
 feeling, incertos animi aestus p., id. IV. 
 Cons. Honor. 225. 3. placo, i : v. 
 TO calm: TO appease: cf. benevolos 
 objurgaiores pi., Cic. N. D. 1, j: of 
 emotions : cf. non penurhare animoe. 
 sed pi. potius, Cic. Or. 19, 65. Joi n : 
 animos pi et lenire, Id, Fin. i, 14 : in- 
 vidiam pi., Hor. S. 2, j, n: of things: 
 to q. a ravening lielly with food, escm 
 ventrein iratum pi., ib. 2, 8, 5. Poet., 
 quum vult aequora platat, Ov. M. n", 
 4J2: nci to be quieted, implacabilis: v. 
 implacable. 4. sSdo, 1 : v. to *i^ 
 
 LAY: TO appease: TO ASSUAGE: TO 
 
 CHECK: rare of jiersons: cf. tumultu- 
 antes deinde miliies Ipse sedavit. Just. 
 12, 15: of noise and disturbance, sedato 
 taudem fremltu, Liv. 21, 20: lumuitum 
 8., Caes. B. C. ?, 18: discor^ias, Cic. 
 Phil. I, i: seditionim, id. Kep. i, j8: 
 contentionem, Liv. 19, 19 : of storms ; 
 V. TO LULL : of emotions and their utter- 
 ance : aoimos militum s., Liv. 26, 11 : 
 rabiem s., Hor. Epod. 12, 9: pavorem s, 
 Liv. 1, 16: lameDtati<iiiem s., id. 25, 1; . 
 fletus s.. Prop. 2, 16. ji; appetitas 
 omnes s., Cic. Off. i, 29, loj : opp. to 
 incitare and excitare: cf. quorum se- 
 dare animos malunt, quam incitare, Cic. 
 Or. 19, 65 (after perturbare and placare. 
 I', sup. No. 3) cf. In animis hominum 
 motum dicendo vel excitare vel sedare, 
 id. de Or. i, 46, 202 • to q. the tv/ic* of 
 envy and calumny, invidiam et in- 
 famlam sed., Cic. Verr. Act. i, 1. g. 
 Expr. by other veibs signifying Tii 
 
 SOOTHE: TO LULL: TO MITIGATE: and 
 
 the like: e.g. lenio, 4: permulcSo, 2: 
 sopio, 4 (esp. to lull to sleep, e. g. con- 
 science, scruples): and by facio. with 
 adjs. signifying quiet (q. v.) : and with 
 sid>s. : to q. a noise, silenlium (classico) 
 fac, Liv. 2, 25 : and with verbs signify- 
 ing to be q. : e. g. requiescere leceruiit 
 spiritum meum, Vulg. Zech. ri. 8. 
 
 quieter (*•) •■ one who quiets, paca- 
 tor : sedator, eic. : v. pacifier. 
 
 quieting («•) : placailo (and -men) 
 sedatio (and -men), etc.: v. CALMnsc 
 Pacifying: soothing: e. ^. moerendi 
 I sedatio, Cic. Tusc. }, 27, 65 : animi sed., 
 ■ id. Fin. 1, 19, fin. .- perturbatioDuni 
 animi sed., Cic. Off. i, 27. 
 quietly (o*^") •• 1. qulete : a f»/< 
 I spent q., q. acta aetas, Cic. de Sen. 5 : 
 that which conduces most to living q., 
 quod aptissimum est ad q. vivendum, 
 Cic. Fin. i, 16. Comp., Join : quietius 
 tranquilliusque, Liv. 27, 12: sup., they 
 retreated very q., quietissime se rece- 
 perunt, Caes. B. C. j, 4: also expr. by 
 the adj. : sleeping q., quietos, Tac A. 1, 
 49. 2. traiiquillc : to speak q., tr. 
 dicere, Cic. Or. 28, 99. Join: tr. placi- 
 deque: if ne u-ish to pass our term of 
 life q. and calmly, si volumus hoc, quod 
 datum est vitiie, tr. pl.que traducere, 
 Cic. Tusc. }, II, 25. (imp. Co u-ait fhe 
 more q., tranquillius manere. Sen. Kp. 
 71, mtd. : sup., tranquiUissime senuit. 
 Suet, Aug. 2, med. 3. placate : esp. 
 in the Phr., to bear q. : cf. omnia 
 huroana (the commi/n Uit of man) pla- 
 cate et Dioderate feromus, Cic. Fam. 6, i : 
 Comp., Join: remissius el placaiius 
 ferre, ib. i j. 4. pliicide : of move- 
 ments : forcm aperire, PI. Bac. 4, 7, J5 : 
 ire, Ter. Ph. 5, 6. 27: pri gredi, Caes. 
 B. G. 6, 8: of feelings: Join: pi. et 
 sedate ferre dolorem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24 : of 
 speaking: Join: placide et bentgne. 
 Sail. J. 102: sup., he ansuerei very q. 
 plaridissime resixjnriit, Aug. Conf. 6, i 
 V. MILDLY. 5. otiose: (free fiom 
 occupation, and preoccupation) : oL viv- 
 ere, Cic. Off. }, 26 : iiiambulare in foro, 
 Liv. 1}, 7, fin. : (free from fear), oL ut 
 dormias, 'fer. Heaut. 2, }, too: (opp. to 
 haste and hurry): of movement, ou 
 ambulare (opp. to cito), PI. Ps. 4, 1, 14: 
 to do a thing well and q.. Join: bone 
 et ot, Cato, R. R 76, /in. : of mental 
 action : ot. qnaerere, Cic. Fin. 4, i j : cf. 
 contemplari uuumquodque ot. et con- 
 hiderare coepit, Cic. Verr. 4, 15. 6. 
 sMate: v. calmly: tranqL'illt: com- 
 63g
 
 QUIETNESS 
 
 Q U I N C U N C I A L 
 
 QUINTESSENCE 
 
 POSEDLT. 7. secure, unconcernedly : 
 e. g. to ftear (bad npws). Join: adeo- 
 que lente ac sec. tulit utgaudentis eliam 
 suspicionem praeberet, Suet. Ner. 40: 
 cf. Plin. Ep. I, 4: Veil. 2, 129. Cotup., 
 Sen. Kp. 18, nud. 8. tacite {vHthout 
 uttering one's feelings) : cf. tacite non 
 tulit verecundiam senatus, Liv. 5, 28 : 
 also expr. by the adj. : cf. somnus per 
 taciturn allapsus, Sil. 10, J54. 9. 
 Expr. by silemiura : to do a thing q., 
 silentio agere : cf. ego Ulas omnes res 
 egi silentio, Cic. Prov. Cons. 12 : per 
 Bilentium agere, Ter. H'.'aut. prol. }b: 
 Tac. A. 4, 5J : to bear q., cf. gravissimas 
 plagas ferre silentio, Cic. Tusc. 2, 20 : to 
 hear q. (without interruption) : cf. 
 silentio auditus, Caes. B. C. j, 19 : nv/st 
 q., cf. auditus est magno silentio, Cic. 
 Q. F. 2, 1 : with cum ( = with patience) : 
 attend q., cum silentio animadvertite, 
 t'er. Eun. prol. 44 : to wait q. for, cf. 
 bontun est praestolari cum silentio salu- 
 tare Dei, Vulg. Lam. iii. 26. Aot to bear 
 q., aegie ferre : v. to beae : to pot dp 
 WITH: sollicitum esse de: v. akxiols. 
 
 quietness {iu-bs.) : sometimes dis- 
 tinguished from quiet, as more abstract 
 and continuous: expr. gen. by same 
 terms as yuiET : the following exx. 
 answer better to quietness. 1. quies, 
 etis, /. : V. yurET. Comp. requies : 
 better is a liandful vnth q., etc., melior 
 est pugillus cum requie, quam plena 
 utraque mauus cum labure et afflictione 
 animi, Vulg. Eccl iv. 6 cf. Prov. xvii. 
 
 1, melior est buccella sicca cum gaudio, 
 quam domus plena vicliniis cum jurgio. 
 
 2. otium.n.; Joi n : ot. et pax : (in 
 times of civil war) : / turn my thoughts 
 wholly to q. and peace, valde me ad 
 otium pacemque converto, Cic. Q. F. }, 
 5 : and pi., to live in q.. otia peragere : 
 cf. MoUia securae peragebant otia gentes. 
 3. pax, patis, /. : when He giveth 
 q., ipso concedente pacem, Vulg. Job 
 xxxiv. 29 : (addressed to a ruler) seeing 
 that by thee ue enjoy great q., quum in 
 multa pace agamus per te, id. Act. xxiv. 
 
 2. 4. silentium, n. -. in q. and con- 
 fidence. Join: in sileniio et in spe 
 erit fortitudo vestra, Vulg. Is. xxx. 15: 
 cf. ib. xxxii. I", erit opus justitiae pax, 
 et cultus justitiae silentium et securitas 
 usque in sempiternum (peace, and q., 
 and assurance) : that vnCh q. they uvrk, 
 and eat their own bread, ut cum silentio 
 operantes suum panem manducent, id. 
 I Thess. iii. 12. 5. concordia, /. .- v. 
 HARMONT. 6. The abstr. term, -ness 
 answers to -tas in (i.) tranquillitas: v. 
 quiet: (ii.) placiditas: v. gentleness: 
 (iii.) securitas: q. of bearing: cf. vocis 
 et vultus sec, Tac. A. 15, 55 : of style : 
 cf. sec. inaffectatae orationis. Quint. 11, 
 1, fin. : of mind. Join: tranquillltas 
 animi et sec. (following, vacandum est 
 omni perturbalione), Cic. Off. i, 23, 69: 
 (with Grk. equiv.), cf. l>emocriti sec, 
 quae est animi tanquam tranquillitas, 
 quam api)ella\it ev9viJ.iai>, id. Fin. 5, 8, 
 2}. Join: silentium et sec, (v. sup. 
 No. 4.). 7. serenitas: v. calm- 
 kess: serenity. 
 
 quietude: v. calmness: quiet (s.).- 
 REST : quietiido, inis, /. : only in Gloss. 
 Cyrill. as == ripeiJ.ia. ixruxia.. 
 
 quietus: th's Anglo-Iatinism may 
 answer to quies, used transitively with 
 obj. gen. : cf. neque molestiam exstinc- 
 tionem et quasi quietem vitae fore, Cic. 
 Frag. Hortens. : to tiave a q. given to 
 (a person or thing), quiesci, with dat., 
 Ter. Andr. 4, 2, 8: v. to finish: to 
 
 QmET: to SETTLE: TO SILENCE. 
 
 quill: |. 'ff^ strong tip feathers 
 of a large bird's icing (Bacon, etc.),, 
 and poet, the wing itself (e. g. " with her 
 nimble q.s the soul doth seem to hover," 
 Drayton) : penna and pi. : v. feather : 
 wing. II. The same prepared for 
 
 uTiting : penna, cf. Instrumenla scribae 
 calamus et p., sed c. arboris est, p. avis, 
 Isid. Orig. 6, 14 : v. pen. (N.B.— Qut7/ 
 often ^pen.: as in " quill-driver," 
 scriba.) Note. — Sometimes also for a 
 tube to suck drinlcs through : and small 
 tubes in general : sipho (sifo) onis, to. ; 
 bio 
 
 Cels. I, 8, fn. : v. tube. |||. The 
 prickle of a porcupine : p.s covered 
 (^roofed in) tcith q.s, hystrices spina con- 
 tecfae, Plin. 8, J5, 5J. |V. tJsed for 
 strilcing a stringed instrument. 1, 
 plectrum, n. : (for the lyre) : Cic. N. D. 
 2, 59: Ov. M. II, 168: hence plectra 
 movere (to strike the lyre), id. Her. j, 
 II}- 2. pecten, inis, m. (for the 
 
 cithara) : an ivory q., cf. jamque eadem 
 (the seven notes of the cithara) digitis 
 jam pectine pulsat eburno, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 647 :— 
 
 " His flying fingers, and harmonious 
 quill, 
 Strike seven distinguished notes, and 
 seven at once they fill." — Dryden. 
 V, .4n iTistrument iised in uearing ; 
 pecten, Inis, m. : called argutus {shrill) 
 from its noise : cf. Arguto tenues per- 
 currens pectine telas, Virg. Aen. 7, 14 : 
 cf. Ov. F. i, 820. 
 
 quillet : contr. of quidlibet. 
 
 quilt (subs.) : \. Orig. a stuffed 
 coverlet, fr. Lat. culcita (cushion, mat- 
 tress, pilloiv), wh. may be used for 
 such a form of q. as an eider-doim q. 
 II. Usu. a quilted coverlet (v. next 
 art.). Expr. by the gen. terms, stragii- 
 lum, n. : Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 61 : 'I'ib. i, i, 
 65 : stratum, n. : Suet. Cal. 51 : cf. lecti 
 moUia strata, Lucr. 4, 850. 
 
 quilt (" ) •• I. Orig. to stuff, as 
 "quilted with bran," (Bacon): farcio, 
 refercio : v. to stuff. ||. To stitch 
 in vool, cotton, silk, etc., to tliicken a 
 garment or coverlet: 'lanam, xylinum, 
 bombycem, etc., vesti, strato, etc., in- 
 suere, or consuere; or *vestem, etc., 
 lana, etc., ins. or cons. (Note: farcire, 
 or refercire, hardly proper): o quilted 
 tunic (as armour), *tunica lana, etc., 
 consuta by anal. fr. Varr. L. L. 9, 47, 
 147- III. ^0 inake a coverlet of small 
 coloured pieces (or rags) sewn together : 
 *pannos strato assuere (by anal, to the 
 
 Fig. P h r. purpureus unus et 
 
 alter assuitur pannus, Hor. A. P. 16) : or 
 stratum panniculis consuere. A quilted 
 coverlet, *stragulum or stratum e pan- 
 nis (or panniculis) consutum : (not 
 pannosum, which is ragged, taXtei'ed). 
 
 quinary : consisting of five (" the q. 
 number of elements," — Boyle). 1. 
 
 quinarlus: Front. Aq. 25. 2. quin- 
 cuplex, icis (fivefold). Mart, 14, 4: 
 quintuplex : Vop. Prob. 7, } : quinque- 
 plex. Gloss. Vet. 3. quinquepartitus 
 (rare) : cf. q. argumentatio (i. e. in five 
 heads), Cic. Inv. i, 54: v. fivefold. 
 
 quince or quince-apple (*pirus 
 
 Cydonia, Linn.) : Cydonium (i and e) 
 malum, and absU. Cjdonium (fr. Cydon, 
 a town in Crete) : (Latinized) cotoneum 
 (e and i) : found only in plur. : cotonea 
 (following mala) : Cat. K. R. 7 : Varr. 
 K. K. 7 : cf. Plin. 15, II. 10, mala quae 
 vocamus cotonea et Graeci Cydonia, ex 
 Creta insula advecta... : plura eorum 
 genera : chrysomela colore ad aurum 
 inclinato (the yellow q.) : candidiora, 
 nostratia cognominata. . . : Neapolitana : 
 cf. Col. ;, 10, 19. The juice of quinces, 
 succi malorum cydouioium, JPallad. 11, 
 20, 2 : q.-tvine, or rather q.-mead or q.- 
 marmalade (quiddany ; a confection of 
 q.- juice with honey), cydoneum, n. : Dig. 
 j;, 6, 9: cydonites. ae, m. (sc. olfos) : 
 Pall. Oct. 23: melomeli, n. (/irjAo^ieAi.), 
 Col. 12, 47, i : the making of mead from 
 quinces, conditura (mulsi) ex cydoniis. 
 Col. 12,41. .dt/;. melinus (ft^AtTOs: Grk. 
 generic as specific): oil of quinces, m. 
 oleum, Plin. ij, i, 2 : hence subs, me- 
 linum, n. for quince-ointment, ib. : and 
 quince eye-salve, Inscr., and a quince- 
 yellow garment, PI. Epid. 2, 2, 51. 
 
 tree (*Cydonla vulgaris, Linn.): 
 
 Cydonia (with or without arbor). Pall. 
 4, 10 : id. }, 2; id. Ins. 65: aniabsol. 
 Cydonlus. id. J, 25, and Ins. 99. 
 
 quincuncial : quincunciaUs, e : "of 
 a pentagonal or q. distribution " (of 
 trees in a plantation, Ray) : cf. quin- 
 cunciaUs ordinum ratio (of the rows, 
 
 ■ • t • 
 i'. e. thus . . . ), Plin. 17, 11, 15. 
 
 quincunx: « form of plantation; 
 name derived ff. the auint (Lat. quin- 
 
 cunx) on the dice • , but ex 
 
 tended indefinitely, so that the trees ol 
 each row are opp. the intervals of the 
 next row (Ray, Pope, etc.) : quincunx, 
 uucis, m. : cf. direct! in quincuncem 
 ordines, Cic. Sen. 17 : cf. quid illo quin- 
 cunce speciosius, qui in quamcumque 
 partem spectaveris, rectus est. Quint. 8, 
 J, 9. Transf. : of a military forma- 
 tion: obliquis ordinibus in quincuncem 
 dispositis, Caes. B. G. 7, 7J. 
 
 qninquagesima (Sunday) : Iiomi- 
 nica qninquagesima : quinquagesimae 
 poenitentiae, Script. Eccles. 
 
 quinquangular, five-comered : (old 
 and genuine, now replaced by pf-Nta- 
 gonal) : quinquangulus, Prise, de Pond, 
 p. 1^58, P. 
 
 quinquefid (in botany): quinqui- 
 fidus, Venant. 5, 6,praef. 
 
 quinquefoliate : quinquefSlius, 
 PUn. 21, 5, 10. 
 
 quinquennial: I. Lasting five 
 years -. quinquennalis, e : as, the censor- 
 ship, q. censura, Liv. 4, 24. ||. Oc- 
 curring every fifth year : (in late l.at.) 
 quinquennalis, after an interval of four 
 complete years : e. g. magistratus q. or 
 simply q. as subs, (a magir^trate corres- 
 ponding to the censors at Rome), Apul. 
 M. 10, p. 247; II, p. 27} : Span. Hadr. 
 19 : but of an event recurring at the end 
 of five years from a certain time, we 
 must say *sexto quoque anno : for quin- 
 quennalis (in the Roman reckoning) 
 means every fourth year in ours: v. 
 quadrennial. 
 
 quinquereme : quinqueremis navi^ 
 Liv. 41, 9: also quinqugremis, is,/. 
 subs., Cic. Verr. 4, 46 : Liv. 42. 48 : 
 also (rare) quinqueres, is, /. (hybr. fr. 
 quinque and eptVo-a)), Nat. Tir. p. 177. 
 
 quinsy, corrupted fr. squinancy : 
 si^anche, es,/. (avvayxq, a throttling), 
 Gell. 11,9: Coel. Aur. Acut. j, j: Cels. : 
 adj., a q.-like sore throat, synanchica 
 passio, Coel. Aur. AcuL 2, 2$ : in pure 
 Latin, angina, /., PI. Most, i, j, 61 
 PUn. 2 J, 2, 29. 
 
 quint : I. 1'f^ number five : 
 simply quinque, v. fh'e : or, humor- 
 ously (as " a quint of generals," Hudi- 
 bras) quinqufiviri : in cards (a sequence 
 of five) ; *consecutio quinaria. ||, 
 On the dice : quincunx, uncis, m. .- ti. 
 sup. s. v. quincunx. 
 
 quintain : uo proper term. Aiiisw. 
 gives, tor the post itself, ♦palus quint- 
 anus: for the game, *hastiludium, *de- 
 cursus equestris (inadequate) : to run at 
 the q., *ad palum equestri cursu de- 
 certare. Perhaps better, ad " quint- 
 anum " (ita dictum) equitare. 
 
 quintal : the old hundredueight : 
 centumpondium, n., PI. Asin. 2, 2, i^ : 
 Cat. R. R. It, fin. : centenarium pondus 
 (used in pi.), Plin. 7, 20, 19. 
 
 quintessence : I. Originally : 
 the Jifth nature or substance (according 
 to the Pythagoreans), superior to the 
 four elements of earth and water, air 
 and fire : quinta ilia (non uominaia 
 magis, quam non intellecta) natura, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 17, 40 : *quinta essentia, Med. 
 Lat., cf. (of heaven) "a kind of q. or 
 fifth soH of body, distinct from all these " 
 (four elements). Watts's ' Logic ' : " the 
 ethereal q. of heaven," MUton. ||, 
 A condensed extract of all the virtues of 
 a body. 1. From the above notion, 
 quinta pars : the q. of nectar, (fig.), 
 oscula, quae Venus Quinta parte sui 
 nectaris imbuit, Hor. Od. I, IJ, 16. 2. 
 vis, vis, /. : v. ESSENCE. Join: vis 
 virtusque, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 120 (adapt- 
 ed). 3. fl"S. floris, TO. (the ctioicest 
 and m,ost delicate part, like avOo^, and 
 bloom) : cf. flos Liberi (the bouquet of 
 wine), Pac. in Non. 498, 12: flos veteris 
 vini, PI. Cure, i, 2, i (cf. Liberi lepos! 
 ib. 4) : flos vitae, Cic. de Or. }, j, 12. 
 Note — lepor, os, oris, rn., may perh. be 
 used for the q. of icit. 4. mgdulla,/'. 
 (marrow: pith): the q. q/' jiersuasixn
 
 QDINTESSENTIAi. 
 
 QUIT 
 
 QUIT 
 
 e.loquence, in. suadae, Enn. in Cic. Brut. 
 ' 5i 59- 5. sficus, m. (siiccus) : cf. 
 s. ingcnii, Quint. proDcm. ^ 24. Aliisw. 
 gives succus subtilissimus. For philo- 
 sophy, recourse may be had to the med. 
 Lat., quinta essentia: cf. essekce. 
 
 quintessential (adj.) .- expr. by 
 circumloc. : " the q matter of the 
 heavens," •quinta ilia cocli nalura : 
 after Cic. I. c. ». v. yrtNTKssENCE. 
 
 quintettO : *cantus quinarius : 
 ♦chorus ^uinque symphoniacorum (v. 
 etc. Mil. 21. 55). 
 
 quintuple : ftvffnid. j. quin- 
 cuple.x, ids : cf. q. cera (a set of t;iblets 
 consisting of five leaves). Mart. 14, 4: 
 quintuplex, Vop. Prob. 7. 2. quln- 
 qugpartitus, Cic. DIv. i, 54. 
 
 Quintuple (" ) ■■ to make five times 
 as many: quinquiplico, i: cf. quln- 
 quiplicari prorsus maglstratus, Tac. 
 A. 2, }6. 
 
 quip : a smart saying : taunt : sar- 
 casm: ("sudden q.s," Shaksp. • " the q. 
 modest," id. : " q s, and cranks, and wan- 
 ton wiles." Milton): dicterlum, n., Varr. 
 in Non. loi, } : cf. Mart. 6, 44, Omnibus 
 arrldes, dicteria dicis in omnes: but (in 
 purer Lat.) dictum, n. ; cf. haec (dicia) 
 scilicet bona ( = Fr. bon-miits), quae 
 salsa sint : nam ea dwta appellantur 
 proprio jam nomine, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 
 fin. : cf. illae ipgae (^dicta sunt ac vocan- 
 tur), quas t-ertis diebus festae licentiae 
 riicere solehamus, Quint. 6, i, 16 . lacete 
 dictum, PI. Cap. i, 2, -j; : Cic. de Off. i, 
 29, 104 : (cf. petulans jcnandi genus, ib.). 
 Also dicacitas. Quint 6. j. 21 : Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 54, 218 : dicax argutia, Cell. 12, 2. 
 
 quire : I. ^■- choir. ||. a cer- 
 tain quantity 0/ paper, (i.) orig made 
 up into a book : as " the king's qubair," 
 I. e. book, of James I. of Scotland : Fr. 
 collier ; in this sense, codex, v6lumen, 
 V. BOOK : VOLUME, (ii.) now 24 .sAee(s : 
 perh. chartae scapus, to. : (a bundle of 
 not more than 20 sheets of papyrus, 
 cemented to a roller, Gilled scapus), 
 Plin. I}, 12, 11, Jin. ; or simply *cliartae 
 XXIV. folia. A book in quires (un- 
 bound) : • liber nondum compactus, 
 Ainsw. 
 
 quirister : (" the coy q.s " — singing 
 birds, Thomson): v. chorister. 
 
 quirk : I. Orig. a q. stroke, and 
 hence, any sudden, capricious move- 
 vient ; v. stroke : fit. " I've felt so 
 many q.s of joy and (/)i€/," (Shaksp.), 
 *tot casus subii laetitiae et doloris (cf. 
 Cic. Att. 8, l). Phr. : to be exposed 
 to the q.s of Fortune, stare sub ictu 
 Kortunae, Lucan 5, 729 : a flight of 
 fancy, "the qs of blazoning pens" 
 (Shaksp.) : " q.s of music, broken and 
 uneven" (Pope): v. snatch. ||. A 
 
 petty taunt. 1. aculeus. m. (in the bad 
 sense) : cf. in quo nuUi aciilei contume- 
 iiarum inerant, Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 222: 
 (cf. " 1 may chance to have some q.s 
 and remnants of wit broken on me," 
 .Shaksp.). 2. cavillatio, /. ; cf. (in- 
 cluding sense III.) acerba "cavillatione 
 simul hominis nomen incessins, veter- 
 emque partium fortunam. Suet. Tib. 57 
 (where the words of the q. are given) 
 V. qoip: taust. III. A verbal trick, 
 in rhetoric : (cf. " conceits, puns, quirks, 
 and quibbles," Watts) : among other 
 terras (v. pun : quibblk) use 1, 
 acumen, n. : cf. dialectici ipsi se coni- 
 pungunt suis acuminibus (Jlip them- 
 zelves vHth their onm q.s), Cic. de Or. 2. 
 ;8. 2. argutia, /. ; a palpable and 
 shameless q., impuriuna atque audax 
 arg., OelL }, 1,6: and esp. dim argu- 
 tlOla, Gell. 9, 14, /in. 3. calumnia. 
 /'. : to sport with serious qu(sti(ms by 
 q.s of cle vrrnesf, ciusiis ingenli calumnia 
 ludificari, Cia Kep. Fr. In Non. 26, 15. 
 4. cavillatio. /. : v. sup. cavil- 
 lationes Intptae, Quint. 7, 9, 4 : c. ver- 
 b<irum, id. ic, 7, 14. 5. strOpba, 
 ae, /. (a turn) : stropbae verbosae, 
 Pliaedr. i, 14. 4. |V. An artful dis- 
 tiyiction, a trick to defeat an opponent, 
 esp. in law. J. cSlumnia, /. (abstr. 
 sing. =. Kng.pl. : v. chicanery) : to try 
 to get another's property not by q.s of 
 
 law (but by open r-iolence),non calumnia 
 litium allenos fundos petere, Cic. Mil. 
 27. ■:4 to maintain the juftice of a case 
 against q.s (of law), (in pecuniariis 
 qiiaesti.inibus) veritali contra calum- 
 niam adesse. Quint. 12, i. 26. 2. 
 captiunculd, f. : to apprefirwl all sorts 
 of q.s, omnes captiunculas pertimeso-re, 
 Cic. Att. 15, 7. 3. cavillatio, onis,/. : 
 on this phrase those q.s of law are raised, 
 bine moveniur quidi-m illae juris civil- 
 lationes. Quint. 7,4. 17: / sell qs, etc., 
 vt-ndo cavillationes. adsentatiuncala.s, ac 
 peijuraliunculas parasitlcas, PI. Stich. i, 
 J. 75- 4. strSpha, ae, /. {aTpo<t>r,): 
 Join : strophae ac fuci: cf. ad ilium 
 diem quo remotls strophis ac fucis de 
 me judicaturus sum {aU q.s and shams 
 t>eijig snept away). Sen. Epist. 2^, ;. 
 5. Expr. by the adjs. and adis. 
 cognate to the subs. : as, calumniosus : 
 adv., by q.s., calumniose. Pap. Iiig. 46, 5, 
 7: captiosus(-e): versulus(-e). Join: 
 nihil ab isto vafrum, nihil vglfiratorium 
 (no q. nor quibble) exspectaveritis, Cic. 
 Verr. i, ^4, 151 : adv. vltgratorie dicere, 
 Cic. Or. 28, 99. 6. -4 ""an full of q.s 
 and quiddities : " a man of that q." 
 (Shaksp. : personified In " Messrs. Quirk, 
 iJammon, and Snap"). (i.) calum- 
 niator, m. : cf. calumniatores appel- 
 laii stmt, quia per fraudem et frus- 
 trationem alios vexarent litibus, Gai. 
 Dig. 50 16, 221: V pettifogger, (ii.) 
 vgtgriitor, m. (a sly old fox), Cic. Fin. 
 2, 16, )?. (ili.) Kxpr. by culjs. sig- 
 nifying crafty: ciNNiNG : as acu- 
 tus : astutus : callidus : subdolus : 
 vafer : versutus. Join : hoc est 
 hominis versuti, obscuri, astuti, fallacis, 
 malitiosi, callidi, veteratoris, vafri, Cic. 
 de Off. }, I J, 57. Join: malum cru- 
 diimque et callidum atque sulHloluro, 
 I'l. Pi;en. 5, 2, 148: i;f. hi saepe versutos 
 homin»'s et callidosadmirantes,malitlam 
 sapieniiam judicant, Cic. Off. 2, ?, 10. 
 
 quit («■)■■ (P'r. quitter). |. Orig. 
 to let go free, from an obligation, Javour, 
 oath, debt, impost, accusation, ttc. : v. 
 to ACQurr: to discharge: to exempt: 
 TO free: to release: to relieve: and 
 see foil, art ||. Hence, in reflect, 
 
 sense : to quit a debt, duty, favour, etc. 
 (i. e. to q. oneself of it): v. TO dis- 
 charge: TO repay: TO requite: to 
 RETURN : hence to q. oneself (= to be- 
 have, by discharging one's duty) : only 
 in the phr. (be strong, and) q. yourselves 
 like men, coiifortamini et estote viri ! 
 Vulg. I Keg. iv. 9: q. you Wee men, be 
 strong! viriliter acite I confortamini, id. 
 iCor. xvi. ij. III. Transf., withobj. 
 of the thing let go ; v. to abandon : to 
 
 GIVE CP : to lay DOWN: TO LOSE: TO 
 PUT AWAY : TO PBT OFF : TO RELINQUISH : 
 TO RESIGN : TO YIELD. |V. With obj. 
 
 of the thing quitted by leaving it behind 
 (now the commonest sense) : v. TO 
 
 LEAVE: TO desert: to DEPART: TOGO 
 AWAY : TO RETIRE : TO RETREAT (from) : 
 
 Gen. terms linqiio, j (usu. poeL) : re- 
 linquo : derfiliiiquo : desCro discedo 
 (ab) abeo (ab) : dimitto, absol. and 
 abs se : destituo, absol. and abs se : for 
 exx. and other terms see the reff. 
 
 q\xit(odj): pp'p. the parlic. of the 
 above verb: |, Ijet go freje: free from: 
 1. liberatus . of a fever, febri, Plln. 
 To make a person q., libfiro, i : of taxes 
 and imposts : cf. vectigales multos ac 
 stipendlarios llberavii,Cic Prov. Cons, 5 : 
 v. TO RELEASE: TO EXEMPT: to q. uneself 
 of an engagement, lib. tidem (lo keep 
 one's word), Cic. Fl. 20, 47: of debts, 
 noiiiina lib. (to settle). Lav. 7, 21 : also 
 reflect, with abl. . to q. a debt. lib. se 
 nere alieiio (to pay it\ Cic. Att. 6, 2: 
 (for an investment) to q. its outlay, 
 impen.sam liberare, 0)1. j, j : v. to 
 clear: to repay. To get q., expr. by 
 pass, of this and foil. 2, solutus : 
 with abl. : q. of any rent (or interest). 
 sol. omnl fenore, Hor. Epod. 2, 4: with 
 gen. : cum famulis operum solutis (q. 
 of their toils or tasks), id. (Id. j, 17, 
 16: verbal sense, solvo, j : with obj. of 
 thing or persfin : v. to pay : to dis- 
 charge : to RELF.ASE : TO REDEEM (aS 
 
 fidem solvisti, Ter. ADdr. 4, i, 19): 
 reflect, to q. oneself of a promise, se &le 
 solv., Val. Max. 7, }", 5, «z^..■ to make 
 anyone q. of his drbt, debito aliquem 
 bolvere, .Sen. absuL nor will / U' the 
 K.goq., (fig), Dec Rutulos si.lvu. Virg. 
 Aen. 10, \i\ : to tte q. of vows (i.y per- 
 forming them), vota kiIv., Cic. Phil, j, 
 4, fin. : formulae, V. S. I.,. M. (votum 
 solvit lib»'ns mento), Inscr. Orell. no. 
 186: V. .S. A. U (voium solvit animu 
 libente). ib. 2022. J (. i n sol. ac liber 
 I'll let him go q. of, etc, omnt- illud 
 tempus habeat per me soluiiim ac II- 
 berum, Cic. : (of an evil) v. to deliver: 
 FREE: (of a charge); solvo and comp. 
 ahsolvo : absoliiius ; v. to ACQurr. 3. 
 dimissus and (verbal sense) dimitto, }• 
 V. To discharge: to release : cf. dim. 
 debltorem (tofirrgive him his drbt, Ulp. 
 r)ig. 50,9,4: but d. creditoreni. to pay 
 him, Papin. lb. 11, 72): (of a captured 
 enemy) : he let A. go q.. Atlium inco- 
 liimem dimislt, Caes. B. C. i, 18: (with 
 obj. of thing), dim. tributa ullcui, Tac. 
 H. J, 55. Also rSniltto: to q. (or makt 
 one q. of) a penally, poeiiam alkni rem, 
 Liv. 40, 10, /n.; lo q. a fine, muliam, 
 Cic. PhiL II, 8: v to remit : I'll con- 
 sider you q. of all tliat (colloq., u-e'll cry 
 quits). Join: omnia libi istacximedam 
 et remittam, Cic. Verr. 5, 9: to q. the 
 balance of an account or debt, kl quod 
 exceditrem., Paul. Dig.: to q. a person 
 of a contribution, impendium (or impen- 
 sam) rem., Inscr. 4. exemptus: and 
 (v.) eximo, j : with aU. and dat. : v. to 
 exempt: to dis*:harge: (esp. of accu- 
 sation and punishment) : cf. supplicio 
 magis qiiam crimini exemptus es^ Curt. 
 7, i: aliquem sceleri, Val. VI. j, 25O: 
 poenae, I^ul. Dig. 48, 10, 22, ^ 4 : who 
 hcui got q. of their bondage, qui servi- 
 lute exempli fuerant, Liv. J4, 52, fin. . 
 absol., nisi quod se quisque eximi vo- 
 luerit (wished to go q.). Quint. 4, 2, 74. 
 
 5. inipunitus: to let an enemy or 
 criminal go q., imp. dimittere : ct ma- 
 jores iiostri, ne quis diviiiarum magis 
 quam iojuriae causa bellum inceptum 
 diceret, impunitos eos (Rhodios) di- 
 misere. Sail. C. 51: with obj. of thing: 
 to q.a wrong, Join: injiirijim Inultam 
 impunitumque dim., Cic. Verr. 5, 58, 
 149. Also inipiinis, e (rare): the woman 
 got off q., niulier impunis rediit, Sol. 27, 
 nud. : that I shall go q., impuneni me 
 fore, Apul. M. }. p. 1 52 : expr. by adv. 
 impiini : to go (or gel off) q., imp. ferre, 
 habere : cf. quum multos libros sur- 
 ripuisset, nee se impune laturum pu- 
 tavit, aufugit, Cic. Fam. ij, 77: d'ye 
 flatter yourself y'll go q. for this I 
 siqiiidem istuc Inipune habueris I Ter. 
 Eun. 5, 7, 19 : with abire : credin' te 
 impune abiturum.' id. Comp., with 11- 
 cere : to do ill and go q. male facere (mi) 
 impunlns licere, id. HeauL j, 2, 49. 
 Note : — the Vulg. has inndcens (not 
 held ansiiei able for damage) . (hen shall 
 he that smote him be q., innocens erit 
 qui percus-serit, Ex. xxi. 19: (of an ox 
 goring a man) the on ner of the nz shall 
 be q., dominus bovis inn. erit, ib. J8 : 
 also ninndus (discharged frcm the obli- 
 gation of an oath: v. clear: free): 
 we will be q. of thine oath, erimug 
 mundi ab hoc juramento, Jo.s. ii. 20. 
 
 6. iinmuiiis, e (q. of public duties 
 and buithens): ausM. of persons: to 
 hold q. of tribute, immiines haliere ("pp. 
 to \e<,-tigales habere), Cic. Off. j, 11,49: 
 (of lands) q. of taxes, ct. qui agros im- 
 niunes llberosque aranl, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
 69, 166: with gen., q. qf customs, im. 
 port<irioruni, Liv. j8, 14: of an eviU 
 im. mali, Ov. M. 8, 6<)l : held q. of his 
 father's crimes, im. deliclorum jiater- 
 norum. Veil. 2, 7: with ab: to make 
 f>»'ple q. if every burthen, ab omni onere 
 immunes praesiare. Suet. Claud. 2J. 
 Expr. by subs. : to make q., inimuni- 
 tatem (a tribuiis) oflerre. Suet. Aug. 
 40. 7. functus: and (v.) fnngor, ) dtp.: 
 and comps. : v. to discharge: to per- 
 form: (i.) simpb : with abl.. to q. one- 
 self of a vow. voto fungi. Just 9, 1 : 
 rarely with ace.: (of a duty): Join: 
 
 6{i
 
 Q U I T - K t N r 
 
 QUI T b 
 
 QUITE 
 
 (quid) fungi ac sustinere velle, Cic. Verr. 
 J. 86. 199. (ii.) defiinctus ; with abl. : 
 fatalibus malls, Suet. Ner. 40 : poena, 
 Liv. 2 J5: laboribus, Hor. Od. j, 24, 15: 
 of all danger, omiii discriniine. Curt. : 
 q. of (military) service, F i g. my lyre q. 
 of the service (of love), defunctum bello 
 barbiton, Hor. Od. j, 26, j : absol., ■now 
 I am q. (i. e. safe), def. jam sum, Ter. 
 Eun. prol. i;: if we could only get q. 
 of the affair thus ! utiii:nu hoc sit modo 
 defunctum ! id. (lii.) perfunctus : absol., 
 the jury, thinking themselves q. (tbeir 
 duty done), judices, quod se perfuiictos 
 jam esse arbitrantur, Cic. Clu. 41 : / am 
 now q. (of men's envy), jam p. sum, 
 explevi animos iuvidorum, Auct. or. pro 
 Dom. 17. 8, expr. by carere (to be 
 rid of): with abl. and (in earlier poets) 
 gen. and ace. : to be q. of blame, culpa c, 
 Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 41 ; calumnia, Quint. 9, 
 
 4, 57 : Rialis, Lucr. 2, 4 : to get q. of a 
 fever, febri c, Cic Fani. 16, 15: of. 
 (poet, constr. inverted) caruitne febris 
 teheri, PI. Cure, i, i, 17. Join: carere 
 et fungi : tliat, being q. of pain, etc., ut 
 dolore careas, et niuneribus fungare cor- 
 poris, Cic. Am. 6, 22 : v. rid. 9. other 
 verbs for to make q. : Igvo, i : relevo, 1 : 
 aliquem re: v. to relieve: condono, i : 
 aliquid alicui . e.g. pecunias debitoribus 
 c. ; V. TO FORGIVE. 10. expr. by phrr. : 
 e. g. many instances might be given ; 
 you shall be q. vnth one, niulta exempla 
 sunt; suffecerit unum, Plin. jun. : they 
 did not even get q. with the loss of their 
 booty, non praedam solum amittunt, .<^ed, 
 etc., Liv. II. Hence, of persons irho 
 have balanced accounts and stand clear, 
 usu. Fig.: we are now quits I jam sumus 
 pares, Mart, (hence, to cry q.s ! = to 
 leave off, as on even terms, eho! jam 
 satis ! Hor.) : to q. accounts, parem ra- 
 tionem facere. Sen. Ep. 19, fin. : with 
 any one, pares rationes cum aliquo 
 habere, Tac. : hence F i g., to be q. with 
 a person, to q. all scores, par pari referre, 
 Ter. Eun. j, 1, 55- par pari respondere, 
 PI. True. 5, 47 : Cic. Att. 6, i : to be q. 
 towards a benefactor, gratiam rettulisse, 
 Cic. : cum eo parla facere : ct". quum 
 aliter beneficium detur, aliter reddaiur, 
 paria facere difficile est. Sen. Ben. j, 9: 
 this phr. in lit. sense : cum ratioiiibus 
 domini paria facere, Col. i, 8, ij. 
 
 quit-rent : v. rent. 
 
 quitch-grass : * triticum repens, 
 Linn. 
 
 quite (adv.) : (N.B. One of those 
 very general words, which can only be 
 properly rendered by a familiar know- 
 ledge of Latin authors, and fur which a 
 Dictionary can only give hints.) A. 
 The corresponding Latin adverbs may 
 be classified into: (1.) Advs. of an inten- 
 sive signification (like the Eng. word 
 itself) : 1. admdrium (.fully : com- 
 pletely) : your letter q. n-joices me, me 
 literae tuae jidra. delecianint, Cic. Fam. 
 
 5. 19, 2. Join: adm. et plane: forma 
 ingenii adm. impulita et plane rudis, id. 
 Brut. 8;, 21^4: e-p. with words denoting 
 age: q. a buy, puer adm., Liv. ;i, 28: 
 q, a youth, juvenis adm., lac. H. 4, 5: 
 cf. L. Crassus, quum esset adm. ado- 
 lescens, Cic. Off. 2, 1 j. 47 : in dialogue : 
 quite so! admodum ! PI. Bac. 4, 6, 40: 
 (= ita est, prorsus ita est) cf. scis solere 
 in huju.-mudi sermone, ui transiri alio 
 possit, dici, adm., aut prorsus ita est, 
 Cic. Leg. J, II, 26. 2. prorsus: I'm 
 q. done for, pr. peril, HI. Aul. 2, 8, 27 : 
 I q. think so, iia prorsus existimo, Cic. 
 Tusc. 2, 5 : with adj., q. by all, p. om- 
 nibus, id. Fam. 4, 10 : with valde : /"»« 
 q. pleased at this, hue niihi p. v. placet, 
 id. Fam. 6, 20: (said by an author at the 
 «ea-side) I'm q. disyvstai at the Ihnuiiht 
 of writing, a scribendo pn)rsus abhorret 
 animus, Cic. Att. 2, 1. 3. plane : ice say 
 such a man is q. withnut (onimon feel- 
 ing, conimuni .sensu pi. caret, inquimus, 
 Hor. S. I, ?, 66 : almost, or rather q., pro- 
 pemodum, vhI pi. polius, Cic. Brut. 97: 
 (in dialogue), quit'- so ! pi. istuc est, PI. 
 True. 2, 7, 57 : and sup. planissime, id. 
 Ph. 5, 2, ?: with other advs.: (you've 
 done) q. right, pi. bene, Cic. Att. ij, 6: 
 
 612 
 
 it q. put me out, illud pi. moleste tuli, 
 id. Fam. j, 10. 4. facile (certainly : 
 unquestionably) : with supei-l. adjs., q. 
 the most learned, f.doctissimus, Cic. Rab. 
 Post. 9, 2} : q. the worst, f. deterrinuis, 
 id. Tusc. I, a, 81: q. the first in, etc., 
 genere et nobilitate et pecunia f. primus, 
 id. R. A. 6, 15 . virtute, existimatione, 
 nobilitate, f. princeps, id. Clu. ;, 11: 
 f. praecipuus. Quint. 10, i, 68 : with nu- 
 merals : an inheritance q. amounting to, 
 baereditas f. ad HS. tricies, id. Verr. 2, 
 14. J5 : with verbs : q. to surpass, f. 
 vincere, Cic. Rep. 6, lb, fin. : omiies, id. 
 de Or. 2, IJ, 56: f. superare, id. Leg. i, 
 2, 7 : to be q. content (or satisfied) witit, 
 f. perferre ac pati, Ter. Andr. i, i, J5. 
 Neg. : I don't q. venture to say, baud f. 
 dixerim, Cic. Rep. i, },fin.: I can't q. 
 afiirm as certain (or settled), baud f. 
 compeitum narraverim, Sail. J. 17 : \. 
 hardly : expr. not q. by the oppi).sites 
 to facile, aegre, graviter (and comp. and 
 sup.): esp. with ferre and pati: v. to 
 BEAR: TO rnT UP with; to suffer : 
 SCARCELY : to be q. ill, gravissime 
 aegrotare, Cic. Fin. 2, ij, 4J. 5. advs. 
 of more special application : e. g. fiin- 
 ditus (from the very bottom) : esp. with 
 verbs of destroying: v. utterly: cI. 
 praecepta, quae probas, funditus ever- 
 tunt amicitiam (q. subvert), Cic. Fin. 2, 
 25, 80 : cf. f. tollere veritatem et fidem, 
 id. de Or. 62, 209 : more gen. q. to ruin a 
 person, cf. perdidisti me sodaleni f., PI. 
 Bac. }, 6, ji • q. to spoil a thing, f. 
 aliquid pessum dare, id. Trin. i, 2, 128. 
 (W.) Adverbs of quality. 6. bene: to 
 do q. right, b. facere, Ter. Ad. ;, 8, jo : 
 esp. in the colloq. phrr., b. facis, b. 
 fecisti, b. factum, q. right ! (= very ivell : 
 well done: I'm q. satisfied). Plant, and 
 Ter. pass.: and intrans. it's q. right' 
 (all's udl :) bene habet ! bene agitur, 
 ib. : sj(p., optume habet, PI. I'seud. 4, 1, 
 2;: to be q. well (in health), b. valere: 
 Mi. Is he q. well now" Cbr. As strong 
 as a boxer. Xi. Benene usque valuit.' 
 Chr. Pancratice aique athletice, id. 
 Bac. 2, J, 14 : Sup. optime valere. Cic. 
 Fin. 2, l?,4? (opp. to gravissime aegrot- 
 are) : with adjs. : with q. a large retinue, 
 cf. obviam cum b. magna caterva sua 
 venit.Cic. Mur. jj> 69 : q. strong a7id in 
 good training, b. robustus atque exerci- 
 tatus, Cic. Div. in Caec. i ;, 48 : w ith 
 advs. : q.early (in the morning), b. mane 
 (haec scripsi), Cic. Att. 4. 9: q. heartily 
 (or cordially, or intimatel y). b. penitus 
 in istius familiaritatem se dedit, id. Verr. 
 2, 2, 70, init. : for q. a long time, b. diu, 
 Suet. vit. Juv. : sup., to keep q. to one- 
 self, optime continere, Ter. Eun. i, 2, 
 2J : q. in the nick of time, optime, with 
 adest, id. ib. 5, 2, 66 : with video, id. 
 And. 2, I, J5 : with eccum, id. Hec. 2, 2, 
 4 : nig., not q., non b. : vix b. ■ cf. vix b. 
 desieram, Ov. F. 5, 278: v. hardly: 
 SCARCELY : barely. 7. rectg : V. 
 
 right: rightly: esp. in the I'hr., q. 
 well (also in Eng. right well : vulg. all 
 right) : Is he alive ? Is he q. veil .? 
 vivit? nempe recte valet.' PI. Bacc. 2, 2, 
 II (Ans. : vivit et valet, ib. 14): with 
 adjs. : q. healthy (of animals), r. s.inus, 
 Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6 : I'm q. tveU, equidem 
 valeo et salvus sum, PI. Am. 2, i, J4: 
 in dialogue : q. right ! recte ! Ter. Eun. 
 4, 7, J. Other advs. with like force : 
 probe ! ib. : pulchre ! ib. 14 : (iionically) 
 niniium ! ib. 5, 7, 17: veium ! ib. ; 
 credo ! ib. (The adj. is also used in 
 the Phr. recta via, or simply recta.) 
 8. valde (contr. fr. valide, strongly : 
 
 V. EXCEEDINGLY : VERT: VERY MUCH): 
 
 with verbs : Im q. looking for a Iftler 
 from you, literas tuas v. exspecto, Cic. 
 Fam. 16, 19 : q. to laugh at (or ridicide) 
 a person, v. arridere aliiui, id. Att. ij, 
 21 : to be q. wrong (mistaken), v. errare, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 8j : with adjs. : cf. 
 magistratns v. lenes et remissi (q. in. 
 active and incompetent), Cic. Rep. i, 
 4?: with advs.: to do a thing q. well, 
 rem v. bene gerere, id. Kam. i, 8: they 
 took it q. ill, illud v. graviter tulerunt, 
 id. Att. I, 17. Join: valde vehe- ! 
 menter et libere dicere, ib. 14, i : (cf. 
 
 vehementer displlcere, ib. ij, 21 : vehe- 
 menter errare, id. Ac. 2, J2, lo;: v. ex- 
 tremely). 9. sane: fmq. afraid oj 
 him, s. ego ilium metuo, PI. M. 5, 2, 
 108 : with valde : cf. explicat oratioiiem 
 sane longam et verbis valde bonis, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, 5,/iw. ; in dialogue: I'm q. ivill- 
 ing (or / q. wish it), by all means, s. 
 volo, PI. Poen. 5. 2, 119: q. willingly, 
 s. et libenter quidem, Cic. Rep. 2. ;8 . 
 with other advs.: (built) q. well, sane 
 bene, PI. Must, j, 2, 74: and in dial. 
 q. so! ( = very %vell) bene s., recte s., 
 scite hercle s., s. pol: v. veut: sane 
 quam: cf. quod de Pompeio Caninius 
 agit, sane quam refrixit, (the pi-oceeding 
 has q. fallen through). Cic. Q. F. 2, 6, 5 : 
 neg. with baud : / don't q. understand 
 what pursuit such a man would deem 
 praiseworthy (ctyus studium qui vitu- 
 pcrat) baud sane intelljgo, quudnam sit, 
 quod laudandum putet, id. Off. 2, 2, 5 : 
 
 v. INDEED: TRULY. IQ. piobg : (like 
 
 finely, and Fr. bien): it seems gen. to 
 be ironical: q. drunk, appotus pr., Pi. 
 Am. I, I, 126; cf. pr. decipere, ib. :68: 
 pr. errare, ib. j, j, 20: with similis . 
 you're q. yourself, Ter. Heaut. 5, ;, 18. 
 
 11. satis and sat : with verbs : I 'm 
 q. aware of that, ego istuc satis scio, 
 PI. Am. J, 2, 2j: sat scio, id. Aul. j, 
 6, 25 : Ter. Eun. j, 2 : to have q. enough 
 to do (to have one's haruisfull, esp. F 1 g. 
 ^ to be in trouble), satis agere, PI. iMerc. 
 2, 1,4: satagere, Auct. B. Afr. 78 : with 
 adjs. : q. rich, satis dives, PI. Aul. 2, i, 
 44 : q. happy xvith only my Sabine 
 farm, s;iiis beatus unicis Sabinis, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 18, 14: not q. fit for battle, non 
 sat iduneus pugnae, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 26: 
 with advs. : q. boldly, s. audacter, PI. 
 Am. 2, 2, 208 : q. welt, s. bene, id. Poen. 
 I, 2, 7J: neg., imt q. honourably, non s. 
 honeste, Cic. Am. 16, 57 : q. enough and 
 ??u»-t;, satis superque : v. enough. (HI.) 
 Adverbs of quantity. 12. omnino: 
 v. altogether: utterly: wWh verbs: 
 I'm not q. ruined, there's room still left 
 to sink deeper, non omnino Jam peril : 
 est reliquum quo peream magis, PI, 
 Asin. I, }, 80: with numerals ( = in all, 
 in the total) : we had a very full house, 
 q. 200, sane frequentes fuimus, omn. 
 ad ducenios, Cic. Q. F. 2, 1 : with omnis : 
 q. the ivhole of the argument, omn. 
 omnis argumentatio, id. Inv. i, 46, 86. 
 
 13, magnopfire : (by all means) : I q. 
 think, etc., ego tibi Romam properandum 
 m. censeo, id. Fam. 15, 14. 14, 
 multo : V. MUCH: very: esp. with 
 aliter: but he finds the case (or result) 
 q. otherwise, verum aliter evenire multo 
 intelligil, Ter. .4nd„ prol. 4: with ac : 
 q. otherwise than he expei-ted (q. con- 
 trai-y lo his hopes), m. aliier ac sjierabat, 
 Nep. Handle. 2: also multum: L. F. 
 was q. another sort of man, multum ab 
 iis aberat L. F'ufius, Cic. ISrut. 61, 222. 
 
 15, Comps. and sups, of advs. of 
 this sense. (1.) magis : scarcely found 
 except as a compar, (perh. . q. likely, 
 m. verisimile, i. e. more likely than 
 not: cf. Caes. B. G. }, ij). (2) Neg. 
 minus (freq.) : with adjs. : not q. good, 
 minus bonum (vinum), Varr. R. R. i, 7 : 
 with verbs: he is not q. veil, m. valet, 
 PI. Bacc. 2, 2, i;: Cic. Att. 4, 14: with 
 advs. : not q. carefully enough, m. dili- 
 gent-r, Nep. Con. 5 : they don't live q. 
 so long, m. diu vivunt, Plin. 14, 22, 28: 
 esp. in the phr. q. as much as, non 
 (baud) m. quam (atque): cf. laudibus 
 baud m. quam praemio gaiident mi- 
 litum animi, Liv. 2, 60. q. as dear at, 
 cf. patriii hominibus non minus cara 
 esse deh-t, quam liberi, Cic. Fam. 4, 5 : 
 cf. id. Cat. }, I. (3) pKirimum: to be 
 q. different, p'. differre, Cic. Fat. 4: q. to 
 surpass others, pi. aliis praestare, id. 
 Inv. 2, 1, I : q. to the extent of their 
 power, quantum pi. possum, Quint. 11, }, 
 120. (4) niaxime : esp. with an adv.: 
 q. recently, iiuper maxime, Caes. B. C. }, 
 9 : with quam : cf. ut dicatis quam m. 
 ad veritatem accommodate (q. in ac- 
 cordance with), Cic. de Or. i, j j, 149 : 
 in dialogue : as an emphatic sense : v. 
 certainly : with immo, as emphatic
 
 QUITE 
 
 QUITE 
 
 QUIVERED 
 
 disaent: q. the amtrary I immo vero 
 maxirae, SalL C. 52 : in same iietr. sense, 
 Diinime : niin. eijuideni, IVr. Hec. 5, }, 
 16: min. vos qujilem, Cic. Alt. 8, 9: 
 niin. vero, id. Tusc. i, 6 : btrengthi'md 
 by gentium, Tcr. I'b. 5, 8, 44: also with 
 adv^ q. seJdom, min. saepe, Caes. B. G. i, 
 I. (5) sunime : v. iii<iiii.v, kxtkemkly. 
 (IV.) Adverbs ofposUimi, time, and com- 
 parison ; 16. prOpfi {rifarhj, passing 
 into the sense of q. near at hand, q. 
 close : esp. in comp. and sup.) : it's q. 
 time tliat sometUinii veie dove, prope 
 est, ut aliquid fiat, I'apin. Dig. ?;, I, 67 : 
 comp., to stand q. near, prupius stare, 
 Hor. A. P. ?6i : cf. pr. sfK-ctare, id. Kp. 
 1, I, 67 : with ao:, q. close to the city, 
 pr. urbem. Cic. I'hil. •;, 9 : sup. : with 
 ace. : q. after the lioman custom, proxime 
 morem lloiiiauuin, lAv. 24, 48 : q. like 
 (closely resembtii'i/'), iim.v. spcciom niuros 
 oppuKnantiuni naviinii. Id. jo, 10. 17. 
 pCnltus: q. severed (in the lit sense, of 
 hidden away in a remote corner), et 
 penitus toto divisos orhe Britannos, 
 Virg. E. I, 67 : usu. fig. : t<> krvuv q. 
 well, p. pernoscere, Cic. de Or. 1, 5 : to 
 understand q. well, p. inti-Uigere, id. Att. 
 8, 12: q. to ruin themselves, p. perdere 
 86 ipsos, id. Kin. 1,1;: '/. to lose, etc., 
 p. amittere hanc coiisuetiidinem et dls- 
 ciplinani, id. Off. 2, 8. Jo i n : pen. et 
 plane : of. e.\ rebus p. perspectls et plane 
 cognitis, id. de Or, 1,2, ?: v.thoroughlv: 
 UTTERLY. 18. longe (v. far) : freq. 
 with superls. : q. the first man (in dis- 
 tinction), 1. princeps, ('ic. Fam. n, 15: 
 qi. the noblest and richest, 1. nobilissinius 
 ct ditissinuis (apud Hi-lvctios), Caes. B. 
 ij. I, 2: to be q. superior, 1. praestare, 
 Cic. Brut. 64 : e.sp. in an adversative 
 sense .- he's q. xmong, 1. errat, Ter. Ad. 
 
 1, I, 40: to hold q. a different opinion 
 {to differ q.). 1. dis.sentirei Cic. Am. 9. ; 2 : 
 the contest is ofq. a different sort, longe 
 dissimilis conteniio, id. Sull. 17: sup., 
 my principlfs (or plan of life) were 
 (was) of q. a ccmtiuiy kind, a quo mea 
 longissime ratio abhorrebat, id. Vcrr. 1, 
 
 2, 4: esp. with alifer and secus, q. other- 
 nise: cf. qui (Stoici) multa falsa esse 
 diiunt, louKfque aliter se habere ac 
 sensibus vidcantur (and are q. different 
 from what thi'y appear to the senses), 
 
 id. Acad. 2, ?i, loi : but it (the fact or 
 truth) is q. otherwise, quod longe secus 
 est, id. Am. 9, 29 : to think q. otheru'ise, 
 1. aliter sentire, id. : also with alius : 
 I'm of q. a different mind, 1. mihi alia 
 men.s est, id. Note: sumetinK's procul : 
 V. FAR: wiDKLV : to be q. vrrong, pr. 
 errare. Sail. J. 8? : es]). with abl. (— q. 
 without, q. free from), pr. iitgotiis. Hor. 
 Epod. 2, I : q. beiiim t doubt, pr. dubio, 
 Quint. I, 5, 14: dubio pr., Klur. 2. 6: 
 it's q. untrue, pr. vero est. Col. i, praef. 
 fi^^ 19. Immo : always adversative, 
 expressing or implying q. the contrary . 
 (v. nay) : q. another matter (from what 
 you suppose), Immo aliud, Tcr. .\ndr. I, 
 I, 2: ct. .s't. Quid hoc intilUxtin'.' an 
 nondum etiam ne hoc quidem ? Da. 
 Immo callide ! (oh yes '. I q. under- 
 stand!), id. ib. 1,2, ?o: Nul lane babes 
 vitia? immo alia, et fortasse minora 
 (oA yes ! I hare , but q. of a different 
 soii, etc.), Hor. S. i, j, 20: In very em- 
 phatic S'-nsp, with another adv. (= q. so, 
 and still more) : e.g. immo maxume, PI. 
 Ps. I, ;, 80 cf. Immo edepol me quam 
 te minus (se. amo: J\'ay ! 1 love you q. 
 as much as myself), PI. Cas. 2. 8, 19: 
 so, immo uiiice, i(i. Bac. 2. }, 28 : esp. 
 tmmo vero, Cic. Att. 12, 4?: id. Rep. 
 6, 14- lor additional emphasis. Join, 
 immo hercle vero pe'placent. PI. Most. 
 4. I. 4- 20. ad'S. of time : as in, 
 /*!« q. done, use jam: hkhIo: v. jttT: 
 NOW. Neg. : nut q., nondum. v. not 
 TET : q. as soon as, simul ac, simul cum : 
 V. .<(ooN : t«k;kthkr. 21. advs. of 
 
 resemblance and comparison : parlter, 
 similiter: (used also in dial, for q. so! 
 Cic): esp acqiic (v. f.quau.y . jrsr : 
 as MtJCH as) : with et : cf. nisi aeque 
 amicos et nosmetipsos diligamus (</. as 
 mticli as ourseli-es), Cic. Fin. I, 26, 67 : 
 with ai and atque ; q. as much as your- 
 
 self, aeque ac tu ipse, id. Am. 6, 2Z : 
 q. as much as if, aeq. ac sl. id. Fam. I}, 
 4J, }. Join: proxime [alque ille] aut 
 etiam aeque (almost or q. as much) 
 laborare, ib. 9, H : also usque (lor place, 
 time, and relation), with ad (7. to), ex 
 (q.from), adeo (q. to that extent). Some 
 preps, have the like force ; e. g. Itnus, 
 with abl. : wine-jars drunk q. up, p<Jti 
 facce tenus cadi, Hor. 0<1. j, i;, 16: 
 cum : cf. diffuuiunt cadis cum faece 
 siccatis aniici, ib. 1, ?;, 27. Note: in 
 some contexts, quamllt>et, quamvis, 
 quamtumvis, are suitable. B. Atcpr. 
 by adj'Ctives : in gen. adjs. of quantiti/, 
 quality, position, and relation, may be 
 used in constructions determined by the 
 context r esp.. 1. omnis (like all, ad- 
 verbially, in Kngl.) : 710m. ; fm q. full 
 of (q. devoted to) this, oinuis in hoc sum, 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, II : / shall mit q. die 
 (soraetliiiig of me will survive), non 
 omnis moriar, multaque pars mei Vi- 
 tabit Libitinam, id. Od. i, ;o, 6: q. all, 
 ad unum omnes (to a man), Cic. Am. 
 2 J, 86; ace. : to do q. (just) the same as, 
 efflcere omnia eadeniquae, PI. Asin. j, }, 
 2 J : ahl. ; to plead </. earnestly, omnibus 
 precibus contendere, Caes. B. U. 5, 6. 
 jVeut. pi. absol. : omnia : cf tramites, 
 omnia plani (q. levd or smooth), et ex 
 facili mobiles, Sen. Cons, ad Marc. 25 : 
 per omnia. Quint. 5, 2, ? : q. praise- 
 worthy, per omnia laudabilis. Veil. 2, 
 jj : omni ab parte : 710 state {condition 
 of life) is q. happy (or blest), nihil est 
 ab omni jiarle b<'atum, Hor. Od. 2, 
 16, 27: with nuineri (jmrts, members: 
 v. coMPi.trrKLV : rKHFK<Ti,Y) : to Ik q. 
 complete (or perfect), omnes numeros 
 habere, or continere, Cic. Fin. j, 7 : and 
 in abl., cf. a book q. perfect in all poin Is 
 (or, q. finished), liber nuineris omnibus 
 absolutus, Plin. Kp. 9, j8. J i>i n : onm. 
 num. atque partibiis: cf. mundus per- 
 fectus expletus(iue omnibus snis nu- 
 meris atque partibus, Cic. N. I). 2, ij: 
 with ratio : omni ratione. 2. totus : 
 
 V. whole: WHOLLY: ALTOOKTHER : 
 
 TOTALLY : nom. with adjs. : I'm q. de- 
 voted to you and yours, sum totus 
 vester, Cic. Fam. i;, 7 : that's q. false, 
 falsuui est id tolum, id. Rep. 2, 15. 
 Phr. : q. a perfect man, in se ipso 
 totus, teres atque rotundus, Hor. S. 2, 
 7, 86 ; with verbs : I'm q. in a fright, 
 totus tremo horreoque, Ter. Eim. 1, 2, 4: 
 I'm q. out of ."oiis "ilh myself, eheu ! 
 quam ego nunc totus displiceo mihi, 
 'Per. Heaut. 5, 4, 20 : he^s q. altered, 
 totus commutatus est : with subs, and 
 prons. !;ov. hj- in : q. absorbed in (one's 
 thoughts), totus in illis, Hor. S. 1,9, 2: 
 I'm q. alarmed, t. sum in metu, PI. Cist. 
 2, I, 59 : Ae'.<! q. in lore, in amore t. est, 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 50: abl.: q. through the 
 night, tota nocte. Caes. B. G. i, :6: to be 
 of q. a different opinion. Join : iini- 
 versa re et tota sententia dissidere, Cic. 
 Fin. 4, I, 2: to be q. u-rong, mistaken, 
 (vulg., to be q. out), toto coelo errare, 
 Macr. Sat. j, 12 (a late phr.): ct. tota 
 erras via, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 14 : you 
 are q. wrong not only as to the fact 
 but the time, in eo non tu quidem tota 
 re sed Umporibus errasti, Cic. Phil. 2, 
 9. fm. : with preps.: ex toto: Ov. 
 Poiit. 4. 8, 72: Plin. II, 17, 17: Col. 
 5, 8, 6 : ia totum : a thing q. dif- 
 ferent, res in totum diversa. Plin ji, 7, 
 42 : id. 2, 90, 2. 3. solus, liniis, and 
 such adjs., with or without emphatic 
 adjuncts : q. alone, solus per ae, Cic. : 
 / did it q. by myself, egomet solus feci, 
 PI. Am. ^, I, 269 : "with gen.: I am left 
 q. alone, ego meorum solus siun mens, 
 Ter. Ph. 4, I, 21 : with inter: solus inter 
 omnes. Mart. 4, 2 ; ex onuiibus, Cic. de 
 Or. J, 18. .Foin: uiuis solus, Cla Pis. 
 40, 96. 4. expr. by the superl. of adjs. 
 in general, and particularly of those of 
 time and place : as Imus (q. al the end, 
 e. g. of a table) : sumnius (7. Ihefrst, in 
 rank) : and the .fiU>s. summa in various 
 constructions, esp. ad summani, in 
 sumniam : ultimus, esp. ad ultimum 
 (to the last degree). 5. alius, with 
 emphatic reduplication. = q. different : 
 
 cf. aliud est maledlcere, aliud accasara) 
 (reviling and accuiolion ai t q. differcut 
 thinys). C\c.Coi!\. j : cf. aliud est sirvTira 
 es.se, aliud servire, yuint. 5. 10. 60. g. 
 many adjs. and a-trs., bvuig emphatic 
 either in their own meaning, or liy 
 virtue of the context, include the ginse 
 oi quite. C. /''"''pofiiioni in composi- 
 tion give the force of quite ; esp. per, 
 con, ex, in, re, sub, trans: (tli'se will b« 
 suggested by the particular adj. or v.)t 
 e. g. comedo (to eat q. up). V uig. Gen. 
 xxxi. 15 : conticio, per(iclo(7. to fmith): 
 confringo (to breaJt q. in pieces) : oom- 
 pleo, expleo, Impleo, repleo (7. to fill): 
 permuto (q. to charuje): perlerritus (q. 
 frightened), cum multis dliis : (yuu see 
 how) the rivns are 7. fivzen over, flu- 
 mina constiterint. Hor. Od. I, 9, 4: q. 
 easily, perfacil.', Cic. K. A., 7, 20; an ex. 
 of emphatic fulnes.s, ut tota mente et 
 omnibus artubus coniremiscam, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 26, 121 : transilire, with trans of 
 ace. alone (to leap 7. over). D. Kxpr. 
 by negatives (by way of emphatic con- 
 trast) : he is not q. unlettrreil, nee tameo 
 scit nihil: / 'jm q. miseiable, prursua 
 nihil abtst quin mi.serrimus sim. 
 
 quittance : <"■ discharge from a 
 debt; and, usu., a rcrilten discharge, a 
 receipt. \, libgraiio, /. (apparently 
 in double sense of payment and release) ; 
 cf. liberationis verbum eandem vim 
 habet quam solutionis, I'aul. Uig. 50, 16, 
 47 (v. infr.). 2. acceptilatlo, /. : a 
 q. by the legal form of question and 
 answer, viz., Q. Uatxsne acceptimi ? 
 A. Habeo, acceptuinque lero, l)ig. 46. 
 4. I. 3. apoctia, ae,/. (ottoxi?) : u^u. 
 term for a 7. in writing, Ulp. Dig. 46, 
 4, 19: also reliitoria. Cod. Theoil. i{, 5, 
 8: and pitliicium (TriTToxior, a slip of 
 parchment, etc.), Ciiss. : (seciiritas, /., 
 prop, security for a debt, seems used in 
 this sense by .\mm. 17, 10). Togive a q,. 
 liberatioiiem debitori legare, Ulp. Dig. 
 J4, J, J ; liberare nomina, Liv. (v. <jciT) : 
 accepto liberare or facere, Ulp. : ac- 
 ceptum haliere or facere, id. : alicui ac- 
 ceptuni relerre. Cic. : acceptum testari : 
 apocham dare, Ulp. : v. receiit. 
 (Note: Shaksp. uses the verb, to quit- 
 tance, V. QUIT.) 
 
 quiver («)■ 1. tremo, ul, j : 
 
 cf. (of a Victim devoured by the Cy- 
 clops), (vidi quum) tepidi tremerent 
 sub dentibus artus, Virg. Aen. j, 
 627. Comp. contrCmo (rare), Lucr. 5, 
 1220: poet, in Cic. de Or. j, J9: con- 
 tremi.sco, miii, i, Incep. (very rare), 
 Virg. Aen. 7, 515: Cic. Div. 1. 28: my 
 lips q.'d at the isiice, a voce contremu- 
 erunt labia mea, Vtilg.' Hab. iii. 16 ■ in- 
 tremo, til, J : a q. runs through his wliole 
 body, totum corpus intremit, Cels. j, {. 
 2. trepTdo, I : v. yfiVEKiNO. 
 (Note: Virg. us^-s "pennis coruscant" 
 for the glittering effect of the quivering 
 motion of bees' w ings, ti. 4. 7 = v- to 
 quake: to shake: to tremble. 
 
 quiver («•) = pharelra. /'. (<(>op«'Tpa) ; 
 Xor vet tite q., Fuscus, with its cliarge Of 
 poisimed arrows. Nee venenaiis gravida 
 sagitiis. Fusee, pharetra, (abl. gov. by 
 eget). Hod. Od. i, 22, j: to open the q., 
 pharetram solvere. Ov. M. 5. $79 : 
 girded with a 7, succinctam pharetra, 
 Virg. Aen. I, }2J : ueariug a q., pbire- 
 tratus: v.QiinERKD: the boy with the q. 
 (Cupid), puer ph.. Ov. M. 10, 525 : tAt 
 lady of the q. (I liana), ph. vlrgo. liv. Am. 
 I, I, 2: to take (gird on) one's q., pha- 
 retram sumCre, Vulg Is. .\llx. 2: cf. 
 sume arma tua, ph. et arcum. id. Gen. 
 xxvli. }: to put off the q. fromth* 
 shoulder, ph. huiuer.^ exnere, Ov. M. 1, 
 419: the q. rallies, sonat pharetra. Vulg. 
 Job xxxix. 2}. St>metlmes used in the 
 sense of the verb, by which exprew 
 It: e.g. "there was a q. on his lip" 
 (\A. l.ytton). •conirerauit labrum (y. 
 preced. aru): cl. vrivKRiNO (subs.). 
 
 bearing c^j-) : pharetrlger 
 
 (poet.) : cf. clade pharetngeri regis 
 (.\erxes), Sil. 14, 286. 
 
 belt : pharetra-zCnium, «. : 
 
 Nat. Tir. p. 126. 
 
 quivered {adj.): |. Eqmpped 
 6}i
 
 QUI VERI N a 
 
 RACE 
 
 RACE 
 
 mth a quiver : pliaretratus : the q.'d 
 Scythians, (visam) pharetralos Gelonos, 
 Hor. Od. J, 4, ??: cf. pharetrata Camilla, 
 Virg. Aen. ii, 649. ||, Sheathed as 
 in a quiver: ("From him whose pens 
 stand q.'d in his ear," Pope): *phare- 
 tratus (used humnrously), either agree- 
 ing with pennae (but no precedent for 
 this), or, perh. better, *in aure phare- 
 trata (or *post aureni pharetratiim"). 
 
 quivering (adj.): A. Expr. by 
 particips. 1. trgmens: q. sails, 
 
 treraentia vela, Lucr. 4, 75 : the q. holm- 
 oaks, trementes ilices, Hor. Epod, 10, 8: 
 the q. pieces (of a newly-slaughtered 
 beast) • cf. frusta verubus trementia 
 flgunt Virg. Aen. i, 212 : poet, the 
 shores q. beneath the lashing (of the 
 winds), trementes verhere ripas, Hor. 
 Od. J, 27, 2} imth a q. vaice, haec 
 tremente qupstus ore, Hor. Epod. 5, 11. 
 2. trgpidans : the q. entrails, trepi- 
 dantia exta, Ov. M. 15, ;'36: with q. 
 wing, cf. sic aquilam penna fugiunt 
 trepidunte columbae. lb. i, 506, et pas- 
 sim. 3. tremfifactus : leaves q. in 
 the S. U'ind, folia tremefacta Nolo, 
 Prop. 2, 9, J4. B. E.xpr. by adjs. : 
 4, tremebundus: cf. tr. membra, 
 Ov. M. 4, I ? 5 : tr. cornus (i. e. spear), 
 Sil. 10, 119: tremebunda voce, Auct. 
 Her. 3, 14, 2?. 5. trgmulus: a q. 
 motion, tr. motus, Lucr. : cf. tr. arundo, 
 Ov. M. II, 190: tr. cupressus. Petr. i^i: 
 (cf. " And variable as the shade By the 
 light q. aspen made," Scott). Comp. 
 intrgmiJIus, Aus. ICpit. J4. 6. tre- 
 pidus (rare in ihis sense): cf. tr. venae, 
 Ov. M. 6, 589 : in Virg. G. 4, TJ — of 
 bees — Turn trepidae inter se coeunt 
 pennisque coruscant, — trepidae means 
 alarmed : but the whole line implies 
 the q. motion of the wings, the effect of 
 which on the eye is expressed by " corus- 
 cant." 7. horridus, sometimes poet. : 
 cf. (for q. with cold) inde senilis hiems 
 tremulo venit horrida passu (q. with 
 shaking step), Ov. M. 15, 212. With a 
 q. motion (adv.), trgmule, Apul. M. 5, 
 p. 168: trepidanter (rare): cf. trep. 
 cffatus (itdth a q. voice), Suet. Ner. 49: 
 v. quaking: tkembmn'g: trkmulous. 
 
 Quivering (subs.) .- l tremor TO. : 
 
 cf. tremor occupat artus, Ov, M. 3,40. 
 
 2. trgpidatio, /. : cf. tr. nervorum. 
 
 Sen. de Ira, ?, 10. 3. horror, m. : v. 
 
 shiver: shudder: TRiaiBLrNG. 
 
 qui-vive T It- = "*" £/'*« there f 
 (the challenge of a sentinel : quis adest? 
 Ter.) : adopted in Eng. fig. (ol anxiety) : 
 to be always on the q.-v., palpitantibus 
 praecordibus vivere, Sen.: (of hostile 
 alarms), the Roftians were alirays on the 
 q.-v., tempus nullum vacuum soUicit- 
 udine erai Romanis, Liv. 
 
 quodlibet : « «''-« point, a subtUty 
 =: yniDLiBKT (" with all his quodlibets 
 of art," Prior) : v. quibble. 
 
 quoif : v. coif. 
 
 quoil: v. con. 
 
 quoin ; v. com. 
 
 quoit ; discus, to. (SiVkos) : (the 
 nearest word, but not quite the same 
 thing : for the discus was a round plaie 
 [not ring] of metal, and the game con- 
 sisted, not In placing it at a precise 
 jKJint, but in throwing it as far as pos- 
 sible towards or beyond a certain line, 
 like " putting the stone") : famous for 
 often sending his q. or his javelin 
 beyond the goal, saepe disco, Saepe trans 
 flnem jaculo nobilis expedito, Hor. Od. 
 I, 8, 1 1 : cf. Ov. M. 10, ITT : to play q.s, 
 disco ludere or certare : (youths) nho 
 would rather hear the ring of the q. 
 than the coice of the professor ( i. e. pre- 
 fer play to Work), Prov., qui discum 
 audire quam philosophum malum, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 5, 21. 
 
 -plaver: discSbSlus, to. (Sktko- 
 
 ^oAos), Quint. 2, 1?, 10: Plin. 54, 8, 19, 
 No. J : (a celebrated bronze statue by 
 Myron : a marble copy is in the British 
 Museum). 
 
 quota: rata pars, Caes. B. C. I, I '7, 
 
 fin. : portio,/., Curt. 7, 1 1 : chiefly used 
 
 in the Phrr., pro rata parte, pro rata 
 
 portione, pro .sua portioire (v. propor- 
 
 6j4 
 
 tionally) : cf. quadam portione. Quint. 
 6, 1, 26: ad portion' m, Plin. 14, 21, 27 : 
 each furnishing his q., ad suam quis- 
 que poitioneni, id. j6, 16, 25 : more than 
 one's q., supra purtionem, Ci 1. 7, i, 2 : 
 one's q. of a tavern bill, symbola, f. 
 (<rvfi/3oA^, contribution) : he paid his q., 
 symbolam dedit, Ter. Andr. i, i, 61. 
 
 quotation : l._ Abstr., the act of 
 quoting: 1. prolatio, /. ; cf (Join 
 with commemOraiio) commemoratio 
 antiquitatis, exemplornm prolatio, Cic. 
 Or. J4, 120. 2. rfilatio: dictorum. 
 Quint. 2. 7, 4 (usu. the report or recital, 
 q. v.). II, Concr. a passage quoted: lo- 
 cus allatus, laudatus (not good : citatus : 
 allegatus : productus) : v. to quote. 
 
 quote (''•) •• both of passages and ex- 
 amples. 1, profgro, tiili, latum. } : 
 books, libros, Cic. N. D. I, 40: authors, 
 id. de Or. 2,71 : of examples: cf. paucos 
 belli duces praestantissimos prof., id. de 
 Or. 1,2: to q. as witnesses, testes prof., 
 id. Balb. 18 : with nominatim (^0 q. by 
 their names) : cf. quasi mihi difficile sit 
 quanivis multos nom. prof., id. R. A. 16, 
 47 : with memoriter (to q. from me- 
 mory) : cf. memoriter progeniem suam 
 usque ab avo atque atavo, Ter. Ph. 2, j, 
 48. 2. affero, J : to 9. a^assog'e, locum 
 afferre: v. to allege. 3. refero, 
 to report. 4. cilo, I : (usu. to cite, 
 e. g. as witnesses : very rare of quota- 
 tion) : cf. (as his authority) libri quos 
 Macer Licinius citat, identidem auctores, 
 l.iv. 4, 20. 5. m^moro, i, and com- 
 m6m6ro: v. to mention: to relate. 
 6. pono and propono, } : (of ex- 
 amples): V. TO BRING forward: f will 
 
 q. only this one example, ponam illud 
 unum exemplum, Cic. 7. laudo, i : 
 (prop, to q. with approbation, also as 
 authority) : auctores 1., Cic. de Or. j, 
 18, ./in. : cf. quem rerum Romanarum 
 auctorem 1. possum religiosissimum, id. 
 Brut. II, 44. 8. nolo, i: to q. nith 
 censure: v. to ^ote. 9. transcribe, 
 J : v. TO transcribe. 
 
 quoth: ait: inquit: v. to say. 
 
 quotidian: quotidianus: a q. fever, 
 febris q., Ter. Hcc j, 2, 22. 
 
 quotient (in division): *quotus (sc. 
 numerus) : *quota pan. 
 
 B. 
 
 RABBET : « joint made by lapping 
 boards together : perh. coagmen- 
 tum, coagmen tatio, conclusiira : v. 
 joint. 
 
 rabbi: o- Jewish doctor: rabbi, m. 
 indecl. : Hier.: *magi.■^tfc^ Judaicus. 
 
 rabbinical : *rabbinicus. 
 
 rabbit : cflniciilvis : Varr. : Mart. 
 Belonging to a r., rablnts' : ciinicularls : 
 Marc. Emp. Abounding in r.s: cuni- 
 culosus, Cat. 
 
 rabble: I. a noisy croud : turba: 
 Hor. : V. MOB. II. The loiver class, 
 the dregs of the people : 1, plebecula : 
 the 111 etched and staroing r., misera ac 
 Jejuna p., Cic. Att. 1, 16, 11 : the r. ap- 
 plauds, p. plaudit, Hor. Ep. 2, i, 186. 
 2. multitiido, inis, /. (usu. with 
 some epith. or qualifying phr.) : the 
 ignorant r., imperita m., Cic. Off. i, 19. 
 6; ; compare, multitudo de plebe. Liv. 
 ;, ;9. Epith. : multitndo egens et 
 perdita. 3. popellus (rare) ; selling 
 
 trumpery rubbish to the shabby r., vilia 
 vendentem tunicato scuta p., Hor. Ep. 
 1,7,65: Pers. 4. colluvlo, onis; -ies, 
 ei, f. (lit. refuse) ■ to quit the present 
 nwb and rabble, ex hac turba ac c. dis- 
 cedere, Cic. Sen. 2}, 84. Phr.: among 
 the r. and dregs of the city, apud sen- 
 tiiiam urbis et faecem, Cic. Att. i, 16. 
 II : the r. of the Clodian sedition, 
 quisquiliae seditionis Clodianae, Cic. 
 Sext. 4?, 94. 
 
 rabid : rabldus, rabiosus (chiefly 
 poet.): V. MAD (L, 2 and 3). 
 
 rabidly : rabide : Cic Tusc. 5, 6, 16. 
 
 race (subs.) .• |. in abstract sense, 
 lineage, descent by birth. 1. genus. 
 
 gris, n. : bom of a noble r., nobili g. 
 natus, Cic. Verr. j, 70, i3o: bom of a 
 l>ad r., malo g. natus, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 
 286: bcnm of an ancient r., antique g. 
 natus, Nep. Dat. 2 : the first man of his 
 toum by r. and noble origin, g. et nobili- 
 tate .sui municipii facile primus, Cic. 
 Rose. Am. 6, 1 5 : meanness of r., igno- 
 bilitas generis, id. Mur. 8, 17 : meanness 
 of r. and name, humilitas generis ac 
 nominis. Suet. Vesp. 4. 2. stirps, pis, 
 /. : to be of the same r , ejusdem s. esse, 
 Cic. Rab. Post. 1,2: of a divine r., s. 
 divinae. Virg. Aen. 5, 711 ; sprung from 
 a most ancient r., ortus s. antiqui>sima, 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 1, i. 3. progenies, ei,/.; 
 virtue, not r., ought to be looked for, 
 virtutem, non proijeniem, quaeri oponet, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 12, 24. 4. prosapia: a 
 man of very ancient r., homo veteris p. 
 ac multarum imaginum. Sail. J. 85 : so, 
 nobilissimus, magnaque et vetere p.. 
 Suet. Galb. 2. ||. A particular breed: 
 1, gens, tis,/. : v. nation. 2. genus, 
 6ris, n. (Geiis is a political ; genus a na- 
 tural race : gens consists of families, 
 whom the founder of states has united 
 into a community or complex family; 
 genus consists of species and individuals, 
 that by their common properties belong 
 to one and the same class of beings: 
 Doderl. : genus is therefore usually the 
 better word) : the human r., bumanum 
 genus, Cic. Am. 5, 2o; the Roman r., 
 Romanum g., id. Pliil. 4, 5, ij: the Ita- 
 lian r., Italicumg., Sail. J. 47 : the Cau- 
 casian r., •Caucasium g. : the Negro r., 
 *Aethi(ipicum g. : various r.s of beasts, 
 varia g. bestiarum, Cic. N. D. 2 59, 99: 
 the r. of fishes, piscium g., Hor. Od. i, 2, 
 9. 3. proles, is, /. : tliat r. of future 
 men, p. ilia futurorum hominum, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 21 : tlie Ausonian r., p. Ausonia, 
 Virg. Aen. 4, 256. 4. nomen, inis, 
 n. : the Latin r., nomen Latinum, Liv. : 
 Cic. : the Roman r. seemed to all to be 
 destroyed, deletum omnibus videbatur 
 n. Romanum, Liv. 2J, 6. 5. sanguis, 
 inis, m. (poet."): the Trepan r., Trojanus 
 s., Virg. Aen. i, 19: the fouruier of our 
 r., nostri sanguinis auctor. Ov. M. ij, 
 142. 6. semen, inis, n. (meton. : a 
 figurative and rhetorical expr.): genus ao 
 8., Cic. Agr. 2, J5 : sprung from a royal 
 r., regio s. ortus, Liv. i, 47. 7. pro- 
 pago, inis, /. (poet.) : Wit Roman r., 
 Romana p., Virg. Aen. 6, 871 (with 6). 
 (^Stirps, genus, and gens, denote the race 
 usually in an ascending line, as abstract 
 and collective termsfor majores ; whereas 
 progenies, propago, proles, denote a de- 
 scending line, as abstract and collective 
 terras for posteri. Hrosapia is an an- 
 tiquatnd solemn expression, and only 
 to be used of ancient noble families; 
 pt'ogenirs, a select elevated expression ; 
 proves, a poetical word. r)oderl.) Phr.: 
 to be proud of one's ancient r., tnmere 
 alto stemmate, Juv. 8, 40. |||, Fig.: 
 a collection of persons having some- 
 thing in common : 1. ggnus : the 
 r. of poets, g. vatum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
 102. 2. natio, onis, /. : the r. of 
 Epicureans, n. Epicureorum (vestra 
 natio), Cic. N. D. 2, 29, 7?: tlis r. of 
 husyliodies, n. ardelionum, Phaedr. 2, 5, i. 
 Phr.: O imitators, a servile r., O imita- 
 tores, servuni pecus, Hor. Ep. I, 19, 19. 
 T&W(subs.): I, A contest ini-un- 
 ning. 1. certanien, inis, n. (any 
 contest : hence needing to be defined by 
 context): a horse-r. (of chariots and 
 horses), c. equorum, Cat. ii, 29: c. 
 equestre. Suet. Ner. 12 : a r. of two- 
 horsed chariots, c. bijugum (= bigarum), 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 144: a r. of four-horsed 
 chariots, c. quadrigarum, Suet. Claud. 
 21:0 bnat-r., certamen remorum, or of 
 sailing boats, c. navigiorum : cf. Virg. 
 Aen. ;, 114: a foot-r., c. cursiis, Ov. M. 
 7, 792 : c. pedum, ih. 12, J04. 2, 
 cursus, (is : a horse-r., c. equorum, 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 549 ; c. equestris, ih. 5, 
 667: more (req. ^ foot-r. (c. pedum, 
 ib. 5, 67) : to contend in a swift foot-r., 
 rapido contendere c, ib. 5, 291 : when 
 the r.s were finished., ubi confecti c. ib. 
 5. i62. 3, curriculum (of chariots) :
 
 R A f E 
 
 l{ A U I C A L 
 
 RAGE 
 
 a hoTte-r.,c. equorum. Cic. Leg. 2. 15, 
 J8. I' h r. : to run a neck and neck r., 
 calcem terere calcc, Virg. Aen. 5, 124; 
 they are ashamtd to come in last at the 
 r., extremos pudet redire, Virg. Afti. 5, 
 196. I'hr. : to ciimjj*'te in the J'oot-r., 
 stadium currere. Cic. Off. ?, 10, 42. ||, 
 Fig., a progress, course, movement. 
 1, curriculum : tlie r. of life, c. 
 vitae, Cic. 2. cursus. us : Oie r. of 
 life is short, that of gUirij everlastint/, 
 vitae brevis c, gloriae sempiternus, Cic. 
 Sext. 21,47. IMir. : to ran the r. (of 
 Zt/e), spatium decurrere. Cic. S»'n. 2;, 8;. 
 |||, A strong or rapid current of 
 water: perh. *rapldusrivus: v.Smllh's 
 Lat. Mict. s. V. rivus. 
 
 race ("•) •" 1. cerU>, i : to r. on 
 
 foot, cursu c, Sail jug. 6; 'pedibus c. : 
 to r. iritk horses, 'cur-^u e(|uestri (equi.1- 
 rum) c. 2. contendo, di, { : to r. on 
 foot, cursu c, Vlrg. Aen, 5, 291 ; pedibus 
 c., Ov. Phr. : Ui r. in the great {Olym- 
 pic) games, stadium c, Cic. Off. t, 10. 42. 
 
 race-course : 1. stadium : Cic. 
 Sen. 10, )j- 2. curriculum; the ath- 
 letes exercise themselves in the r.-course, 
 atbletae se in c. exercent, Cic. Sen. 9, 
 
 27. 3, spallum (another form of 
 stadium): irhei' the chariots have started, 
 they rush into the r.-course, cum car- 
 ceribus sesc cffmlere quadrigae, adduiit 
 ill spa ti a, Virg. (J. i, 51}. 4. (/or 
 ftorsv.s), hippi'idromus : Mart.: I'lln. 
 
 race-horse : 1. cgigs, etis ((Jr. 
 
 Ke'Arj?): riiii. ;4, 5, 10^ 19. 2. 6quiia 
 cursor : cf. L. G. $ 598. (Often from 
 the context pfjuus will suffice : cf. Knn. 
 in Cic. Sen. 5, 14.) Phr.: o breed of 
 r.-horses, equorum cursorum «. veloclum 
 semina ; cf. pernicissimarum quadri- 
 garum seniinii, Col. j, 9, 5: to keep a 
 stud of r.-horses, *equos curriculi causa 
 alere. 
 
 racer : I. -^ jyerson : 1. cur- 
 sor: Cic. Div. 2, 70, 144, 2. stadio- 
 drdmus: Plin. ||. A horse: equus 
 
 (cursor), etc. : v. back-horse. 
 
 raciness : "f style .- nearest words, 
 1, succus (peculiar favour, ivith- 
 out which writing is flat and dull) : cf. 
 omatur oratio quasi colore quodam et 
 8UCC0 suo, Cic. de Or. j, 2;, 96. Join: 
 succus et sanguis, id. Br. 9, j6. 2. 
 sapor (flavour, relish) : to speak tirith 
 an indescribable native r., dicere nescio 
 quo sapore vernaculo, ib. 46, 172. Phr.: 
 to speak n-ith much r., salsissime dicere 
 aliquid, id. de Or. 2, 54, 221. 
 
 rack (s^bs-)-' I. An instrument of 
 torture. 1. equuleus : to put any 
 
 one to the r., aliquem in equuleuni im- 
 ponere. Curt. 6, 10, ad init. : equuleo 
 torquere aliqueni, Cic. Fin. j, 15, 42 : 
 Cic. Mil. 21, extr. : Sen. 2. meton. 
 quaestio(prop.exa»iu'at(o;i on therack): 
 Cic. Phr.: to put to the r. : to offer a 
 slave for examination on tlie r., dare 
 servum in quaestionem, Cic. K. A. 41, 
 120 : toprmnise a slave for examination 
 on the r., servum iiiquaestionempclliceri, 
 ib. 28, 77 : to demand a slave for exa- 
 mination on the r. refpecting the death 
 of his master, postulare servum in quaes- 
 tionem de miirtc doinini, cf. id. Clu. 64 
 } 181 : the word denoting the crime is 
 usually dependent on the prep, de, but 
 the fiiUowIng constr. may also be used : 
 to examine stares im the r. rrspecling 
 the deaili of mit's father, mortis paternae 
 de servis quaestionem ferre, id. R. A. 
 
 28, 78. 3. lormenium (gen. term : 
 torture) : to extort aconfession by the r., 
 lormentis jiliqnem cogere contiterl, id. 
 Mil. 21, 57 ; t^piinentls exprimere con- 
 fessionem c^gitati sceleris, .Suet. Tib. 
 19; the fear of the r. compels them to 
 confess Uie truth, metuti tormentorum 
 vera fateri eos C"igit, Liv. : even on the 
 r. they stuck to the truth, vi tormentorum 
 adducti in verltate manserunt, Cic. Clu. 
 6}, 176 : to die on the r., in tormentis ne- 
 carl, id. N. D. f, n, 82: to hand a stave 
 over for examination on tlte r., dedere 
 servum tormentis, id. Mil. 22, 58: 
 
 4. carnifKina; v. torturk. ||, 
 Fig.: extreme pain, perh. (.arnifiiina : 
 cf. Cic. Tusc. }, Ij, init., quum omnis 
 
 perturbatio miseria est, turn camificina 
 est aegritudo : but usu. better expr. by 
 verb: e. g. to be <m the r., cruciari, ex- 
 cruciari, discruciari (cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 4, i, 
 discrucior animi ! / am on the r. .') ; ani- 
 nio angl (t« be in distress of mind). Cic. 
 Kam. 16, 14; also, angi et cruciari, id. 
 Att. 7, 22. See also susptNSK. |||, 
 
 A wooden frame from uhicii horses arid 
 cattle are fed. 1. falisaie, arum : 
 Cat. K. U. 4, init. (f. clathratae, fur- 
 nished with a grating). 2. cratis, 
 criites, Is, /. (prop, wicker work) : Veg. 
 Vet. I, 56. 3. Jacea or jacca {the 
 vulgar te)7n = crnu<,) : Veg. I.e., cralls 
 quae )acea vocatur a vulgo. |y. 
 Vapour ; hence, thin Jlying clouds 
 driven by the wind ("leave not a rack 
 behind." Sliaks. : "ilie doubtful rack of 
 heaven," l)ryd.) . iiubes. . . .veluti pen- 
 den tia vellera laiiae, like hanging Jleeces 
 of ivdol, Lucr. 6, 504: cf. Virg. G. i, 
 J97. tenuia iiec laiiae per caelum vellera 
 ferrl. 
 
 rack (v.) : I. To torture on the r. : 
 torqueo, si, turn, 2 : Cic. : v. to tobtore. 
 More preci.sely, equuleo torquere, etc. : 
 v. K.vcK, subs, (i.) to put to the r. ||, 
 To affect with extreme pain : \, tor- 
 queo, distorqueo, 2 : Cic. : v. to Toit- 
 THKE. 2. \ erso, I (to disquiet, harass 
 greatly): Enii. in Cic. Sen. init.: Liv. 
 2, 45, med. (nunc indignalio nunc pudor 
 pectora versare): Prop. 3. expr. by 
 stimfili, orum (stings, as of keen emo- 
 tion) : Join: lacerare, vexare, sti- 
 mulos admovere, Cic. Tusc. }, 16, J4. 
 Phr.: r.'d with deep despair {MWloii). 
 "acres cui stimulos rerum desperatio 
 admovet ; cujus cor extrenia rerum 
 desperatione aestuat: to be r.'d ivith 
 pain, dolore distineri (et divelli), Cic. 
 Plan. JJ, uitY. : v. torture. |||. Fig.: 
 to screir, to force to performance : 
 Phr.: to r. one's brains, aliqua re 
 scrutanda, quaerenda, rimanda fatigari, 
 paene dirumpl (Kr.). |V. fo clear 
 or strain liquor : 1. defaeco, i : Col. 
 12, ?} : Plin. 2. liquo, l: Hor. Od. 
 I, II, 6. 
 
 racket : I. The bat with which 
 the ball is struck at tennis : reticulum : 
 Erasm. Coll. 1, }8. ||, A clattering 
 noise : strepitus, us, m. : Cic. : v. noisk. 
 
 racy : of style : salsus (sharp, smart, 
 witty): Cic. Phr.: a most r. speech, 
 •salsissima oratio : having a certain r. 
 flavour of its on-n, habens quendam 
 succuni suum, cf. Cic. de Or. i, 25, 96: 
 
 v. RACINESS. 
 
 radiance : candor, fulg^r, claritaa, 
 splendor: v. bkightne.ss. Phr.: the r. 
 of the sun (Shaks.), *solis splendida lu- 
 mina : with r. crowned of majesty divine 
 (Milton), *cui niaje.^tas divina comas 
 radiantiaque ambit lempora. 
 
 radiant : 1. radians (diffusing 
 
 rays : poet.) : the r. light of the sun, 
 radiantia lumlna soils, Ov. Trist. 2, 325 : 
 r. viscu/e (Milton), *radiantia ora. 2. 
 clarus: the r. lights of the world (sun 
 and moon), clarisslma mundi lumina, 
 Virg. G. I, 5. 3. nitldus (poet.) : the 
 bright sun had hidden his r. head in 
 the ocean, caiidldus oceano n. aiput ab- 
 diderat sol, Ov. M. 15, }o. So, ful- 
 gidus, fulgens, splendldus, etc. : v. 
 BRKiHT. To be r., radio, i : Virg. : Ov. 
 
 radiate (''•) ■■ to ctnit rays, to shine, 
 sparkle : \, rSdio, i : cats' eyes r. in 
 thedark,M\um in tenebrisr. ocull, Plin. 
 n. ?7, 55 i 150: Ov. : esp. In imperf. 
 part., nidiaiis (gleaming, l>ea7ning) : 
 Vlrg. : Ov. 2. fulgeo, 2 : Cic. : v.' to 
 
 SHINK, SrARKLE. 
 
 radiation : rildiatio : Plln. 
 
 radical : I. I'ertaining to the 
 
 r(wt, primitive, original. 1. inniitus : 
 a r. fault, vitiimi honiini iniiatum : cf. 
 Ter. Hec. 4, i, 28: Cic. 2. insltus: 
 
 Cic. (hinutus is stronger than insitus : 
 V. Cic. Kin. 4, 2, 4: id. N. D. i, 17, 44: 
 the two words are frequently Joined : 
 Insitus et itinatus.) 3. nativus : a 
 
 r. evil, n. malum, Auct. pro l)om. 5, 
 12. In Gram.: a r. icord, verbuni 
 nativum. primltivuni, prinilgenium, 
 principale : v. primitive. (Or use 
 
 radix ; which Is indicpensable for cri- 
 tical language.) ||. .Met.: funda- 
 mental, thorough, entire : lotus : Oc. 
 Phr.: to make a r. cure, 'ipsas mor- 
 borum causas expellere ; •tfflcere ut 
 quia ex toto convalescat, based on Cels. : 
 a r. difference of character, tania, quanta 
 maxima er«e pot<-sl, moruni siudlo- 
 rumque distanlia, Cic. Am. 20, 74 : ar. 
 reform, mutaiio omnium rerum, cf. id. 
 Att. 8. }. III. In politics : Phr. • 
 the Radical party, rerum novarum 
 cupldl, Caes. B. G. i, 18: Sail. C. 28; 
 novarum rerum avidi, Liv. i, 8; qui 
 relpublicae mala volunl lollere atque 
 extrabere radicitus, cf. Cic. Fin. 2,9, 27. 
 
 radically : 1. funditus : Ta«. 
 2. radicltus, Cic. 3. sllrpllus, 
 Cic 4, pfinilus; Cic. 
 
 radish: 1. raphanus: Plln.: Col. 
 (*raphanus sativus or bortensis, Linn. : 
 •raphanus rusticanus, another name for 
 the hiirse-radith, q. v.) 2. radix, icis, 
 f. (simply): Hon: Ov.: or radix Syrl- 
 aca : Col. 3. -4 smail r, radicilla : 
 
 Cels. : Col. 
 
 radius: riidlus : Cic (In ana- 
 t o m y . the exterior bone of the fore- 
 arm, radius : Cels. : also called •aruiido 
 brachii minor and cercis.) 
 
 raffle («■)■• J'hr. : alea IQdere: Cic 
 PhiL 2, 2 J, 56: to r. f<jr anything, talos 
 jacere de aliqua re: cf. Cic. Fin. j, 16, 
 
 54- 
 
 raffle (subs.) : aiea : Qc. : v. pre- 
 ceding article. 
 
 raft : rat is, is, /. : to cross a river 
 on r.s and in boats tied logetlier, flumen 
 ralibus ac lintribus Junclis transire, 
 Caes. B. G. 1, 12. 
 
 rafter: 1. canterlus, ii,m. : Vitr. 
 4, 2, J- 2. trabs or Irabis, is,/, (any 
 beam) : v. beam. 
 
 rag : I. -^ piece of cloth or linen, 
 pannus, pannlculus : v. cloth, patch. 
 II, \n pi., garments worn out : 1. 
 panni, orum: covered with r.s, pannis 
 obsilus, Ter. Kun. 2, 2, 5 : (also pon- 
 nosust V. ragged): they covered their 
 limbs uith black r.s, membraque vlnx- 
 erunt tlnctls ferrugine pannis, Ov. Ib. 
 2?5- 2. pannfili, orum : App. 3. 
 diikbTdae vesles: Plin. Phr.: wisdom 
 is often clad in r.s, saepe est sub pal- 
 liolo sordldo sapientia, Cic. Tusc. j, 2J, 
 56. To deal in r.s, *negotium pannt- 
 cularium exercere, paimos obsoletos 
 [scruta] venditare. A dealer in r s, 'qui 
 obsoletis pannis emendis veiidendisve 
 quaestum facit. The r.- man, perh. 
 scrutarius, Lucil. in Gell. ?, 14. 
 
 ragamuffin : « disreputable fellow, 
 pamiosus homo, Cic. All. 4, }, fin. : a 
 young r., *pannosus ex infima plebccula 
 puer. As a class, faex populi, Cic 
 
 rage (s"*".) •■ !■ violent anger : 1. 
 furor, oris, to. (prop, madness) : blind r., 
 caecus f , Hor. Epod. 7, i } : blind with 
 r., caecus furore, Liv. 28, 22 : impelled by 
 r. and madness, furore alque amentia 
 impulsus, Caes. B. G. i, 40 an unac- 
 countable r. seizes the man, mirus In- 
 vadit f. alicui, Cic. Kam. 16, n, 2: to do 
 anything in a r., "furore abreptum, ac- 
 censum aliquid facere to put any one 
 in a r., Impellere aliquem in luri.rem, 
 Cic. Join: furor effreuatus.lndomiius, 
 praeceps, flammatus atque Ignitus. 2. 
 rabies, em, e, /. (esp. p^ei.): r. arvtrd 
 Archili'Chustiith its appropriate lambut, 
 Archilochum proprlo r. arinavit lambo, 
 llor. A. P. 79: hostile r., r. hosiilis, Liv. 
 29, 8. 3, luriae, pi. (poet, for furor 
 or rabies) : all f.truria rose up nith 
 just r., omnIs furiis surre.Nit Etruria 
 justis, Virg. Aen. 8. 494. 4. ira: 
 
 with renened r., redintegrata ira, Uv. 8, 
 }2 : V. ANGF.B. 6. iracundia; Uibein 
 a great or very great r.. ira.uiidla eff»- 
 rari, Cic. de Or. 2. 75, 505 ; exardescer* 
 iracundia et stumaihn. Cic. Verr. 2. 20, 
 48: to restrain tme s r., Ira>undiam re- 
 primere, Ter. Ad. s, 8. ; ; I. cohibere, Cic 
 Marc. }, 8 : incit'd by r., Iracumlia Inci- 
 tatus, Auct. pro Pom. Ji, 88. 6. s'**- 
 machus (in this sense poet.) ; the deadly 
 r of Achilles, gravis Pelidae stomacbaS) 
 Hor. Od. 1, 6, (i. 7. saevltia : after 
 6?5
 
 BAGE 
 
 long ftutaining tlie r. of the enemy, diu 
 suBtentata hosiium saevitia, Tac. A. 2, 
 II. ||. Veliemence or excitume.nt of 
 anything painful : rabies . the r. of 
 thirst and hunger (Popo), r. aitis et 
 ventris : cf. Virg. Aen. 2, J51. |||. 
 Enthusiasm, rapture (CJowley); fiiror : 
 Cic. iV- yelienm-me of the natural 
 elements : 1. furor : the r. of storms, 
 coi>lJ f. (aequinoctialis). Cat. 46, 2. 2. 
 rabies: the r. nf the winds, r. ventorum, 
 Ov. M. 5, •; : the r. of tlie heaven and of 
 the sea, furores et r. coelique marisque, 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 802. 3. saevitia : the 
 r. of the seit. i. maris. Veil, i, 2 ; the r. 
 of tlie storms, s. tempestatum, Plin. 2, 
 y], ^1 5 125. V. Eagerness, violent 
 passion for anything : .stQdium, ciico- 
 ethes: V. PASSION ( v.). See also eager- 
 ness. Also perh. insania, which is used 
 'jf any kind of extravagance: cf. Cic. 
 Quint. J, I, 2: v. MANIA. 
 
 rage(f)- I. To be violently exas- 
 perated or angry : 1. furo, } : the 
 consul begins to r., consul coepit furere, 
 Liv. 22, J9 : to r. against any one, f. 
 adversus aliquera, Suet. Tib. 61. Join: 
 insanire ac lurere, Cic. Verr. 4, 18, jg; 
 furere et bacchari, id. Brut. 80, 276. 
 Comp. perfuro, j {to r. greatly) : Virg. 
 Aen. 9, 34J (incensus et ipse perfurit). 
 2, saevio, 4 : a r.ing mob, saeviens 
 turba, Liv. 8, 24 : the ignoble mob r. in 
 their souls, saevit aniniis ittnobile vul- 
 gus, Virg. Aen. i, 149: to r. against 
 oneself, in se ipsuni s., Liv. i, 5? : the 
 father r.s because his son won't many, 
 pater ardens s., quod filius uxorem re- 
 cuset, Hor. S. i, 4, 49. .Strengthened, 
 desaevio, 4: Virg. Aen. 10, 569. For 
 farther examples of phr. to be in a r., 
 V. RAGE, subs. (I.). ||. Fig.: to be 
 I'iolent and tumultuous (of things and 
 p;issions) : 1, furo, j (poet.) : ihe 
 
 '■lack storm r., atra tenipestas f., Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 694: the fire r.s, ignis f., id. 
 t.. J, 100: Hor. 2. saevio, 4: the 
 mnd r.s, ventus s., Caes. B. G. j, i}: 
 / <e sea r.s with the winds, mare ventis 
 s., Sail. J. lS: fortune begins to r., s. 
 fortuna coepit, id. 0. 10: let fortune r. 
 and excite neuj storms, saeviat, atque 
 novos moveat Fortuna tumultus, Hor. S. 
 2, 2, 126. Sirenglhened, desaevio- the 
 storm r.s on the sea, pelago desaevit 
 tiiems, Virg. Aen. 4, 52. 
 
 ragged ; I. fient or worn to tatters : 
 1. lacer, era, 6rum : r. attire, 1. vestis, 
 Tac. Hist. }, 10. 2. pannuceus and pan- 
 nucius, Petr. 14 (p. vestis). ||. Wear- 
 ing tattered cloth^'S : \. pannosus, Cic. 
 Att. 4, i,Jin. 2. pannis (lb^ltus, Ter. : 
 V. RAG (il.). III. Having rough or 
 
 uneven edges : perh. scissus (v. jagged) : 
 or, scissilis, e • v. LaL Diet. s. v. 
 
 raging ( part, and adj.) : 1. furens ; 
 strengthened, furibundus (in a state of 
 rage and fury): Cic: Hor. Fig.: the 
 r. Leo, furibundus Leo, Hor. Ep. i, 10, 
 J7. 2. saevus, saeviens; v. fierce, 
 cruel; also, to rage. 3. rabidus (a 
 strong expr. : poet.) : r. tigers, r. tigres, 
 Virg. G. 2, i;i : Hor. Phr.: a r. fever, 
 febris ardens, Cels. J, 7, 2; f. vehemens: 
 
 V. VIOLENT. 
 
 ragout : perh. conditara. Sen. Ira, j, 
 i;: *cibus acrioribus condinientis con- 
 fectus : V. seasoning, seasoned. Phr.: 
 a r. of mushrooms, cibus boletorum. 
 Suet. Claud. 44, 
 
 ragwort: « plant: perh. satyrion, 
 ii: Pliu. (*Orchis masciila: Botan.) 
 
 rail (■"<*»■•) •■ I. A cross-beam fioced 
 an uprights : 1. longiirius : Varr. R. R. 
 I, 14 (per foramina [palorum] trajectis 
 longuriis binis aut ternis, i. e. a fence 
 formed by /msts placed at intervals, 
 pierced to receive two or three rails). 
 But longurius may be used of any 
 longish pole or piece of wood. 2. 
 •asser transversns Tquales palorum fora- 
 minibus inseruntur] ad sepiinentum 
 faciendum. |1. An upright, forming 
 oart offence ; usti. pi., rails or raiting : 
 pains: Varr. R. R. L c. Often sepi- 
 mentum, sepes, may serve : more pre- 
 cisely, sepes ex palis statutls crebris, 
 Varr. 1. c, (Cancelli denotes cross- or 
 6 {6 
 
 RAIN 
 
 lattice-work : v. grating.) |||. Of 
 a railway : perh. trabs ferrea, longurius 
 ferreus. |V. A bird: •rallus: v. 
 
 corn-crake. 
 
 rail ("•) •• I. ^o enclose with a rail- 
 ing : Phr.: palis crebris statutis (or 
 simply palis) sepire: cf. Varr. R. R. i, 
 14. ijsu., however, sepio, consepio, se- 
 pimento circumdare, will be precise 
 enough : v. fence, to fence. (Cancelli 
 = to mark urith cross lines : Varr. 4, 2, 
 m^d.) II. To abuse : 1. convicior, 
 1 (esp. in a loud or violent manner : 
 infreq.) : to accuse rather than merely 
 to r., accusare potius quam c, Liv. 42, 
 41, tnit. : Suet. Foil, by dat.. Quint 5, 
 I J, 40. The same sense is usu. better 
 expr. by corresponding subs, convlcium, 
 with a verb : e. g. to r. at any one. con- 
 sectari aliquem conviciis, Cic. Att. 2, 18; 
 facere convicia alicui, Ov. Pont. 2, 6, 7 ; 
 jacere convicia alicui, id. Met. 5, 664 ; 
 tundere convicia in aliquem, ib. IJ. Jo6; 
 ingerere convicia alicui, Hor. S. i, ;, 11 ; 
 convicio aliquem incessere, GelL 9, 2. 
 2. malgdlco, xl, ctum, j (with dat., 
 rarely w ith cux.) ; or expr. by maledic- 
 tum and some verb ; to r. at any one, 
 maledicere alicui, Cic. N. 1>. i, JJ, 9J; 
 maledicta in aliquem dicere, id. Q. Fr. 
 2, J ; maledicta in aliquem conferre, id. 
 Att. II, 8: maledictis aliquem figere 
 (rare), id. N. D. i, 34, <)t ', aliquem 
 probris omnibus maledictisque vexare, 
 id. Fl. 20, 48. 3. insector, i, dep. : 
 to r. at any one, insectari aliquem, id. 
 N. D. I, J, 5: to inveigh too bitterly 
 and r. loo violently against any one : 
 acerbius in aliquem invehi, insec- 
 tarique vehementius, id. Am. 16, 57: 
 V. revile. 
 
 railing (subsO •• I. a fence: pali, 
 seplmentum, sepes ; v. rail (1L) ; 
 FENCE. IJ. .\base: convlcium, male- 
 dittum, probrum : v. to rail (1L) ; 
 
 ABtlSK.. 
 
 railing i^dj.) : m phr. railing lan- 
 guage : V. preced. art. 
 
 raillery: 1. j6cus, jOcatio: v. 
 
 JOKE. 2. cavillatio {banter, jeering) : 
 V. Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 218 : bitter r., 
 acerba c. Suet. Tib. 57. 
 rail -road > "via ferrea s. ferrata, or 
 rail- way > *^ia ferro strata. Phr.: 
 to make a r., *viam ferro sternere : a r.- 
 director, *viae ferreae (lerratae) curan- 
 dae praepositus ; *viae ferreae (ferralae) 
 curator: a r. -carriage, *turrus vapori- 
 bus motus: a r. -station, *mausio or 
 statio viae ferreae. 
 
 raiment: vesiis, veslltus, iis; ves- 
 tlmentum : for examples, v. slothes, 
 
 CLOTHING. 
 
 rain {subs) • 1. pluvia {as a bene- 
 ficial natural phenomerum, falling upon 
 and fertilizing the. ground, like the (jr. 
 iie-ro?) : penetrating r., tenues pbiviae, 
 Virg. 6. I, <)i:fme r., p. rara et minuta. 
 Sen. (inQu.): heavy r., pluvia ingens, 
 Virg. G. I, }25 ; graves pluviae, Ov. F. 
 2, 71 : threatening r., pluvia impendens, 
 Virg. G. 4, 191. 2. imber, bris, m. 
 { prop, of rain as a phenomenon of cold 
 and stormy weaiher, but also of heavy 
 rain in general) : very heavy r., maximus 
 imber, Cic. Verr. 4, 40, 86 : / arrived at 
 Capua in very heavy r., maximo imbri 
 Capuam veni, id. Att. 7, 20: pi. esp. to 
 denote continued, heavy rain : we had 
 heavy and incessant r., magnos et as- 
 siduos imbres habebamus, ib. ii, 16: 
 heavy r. falls, cadunt largi imbres, O v. M. 
 
 11, 516: the south-wind and very heairy 
 r. increase, ingeminant austri et densis- 
 simus imber, Virg. G. i, J?!: the r. 
 pours down, imbres effunduntur, id. Aen. 
 6, 69J : as soon as the r. ceased, ubi pri- 
 nium imbres remiserunt, Liv. 40, ;j: cis- 
 terns for holding r.-uater, piscinae ris- 
 temaeque servandis irabribus, Tac. H. 5, 
 
 12. 3. nimbus (prop, a rain-cloud; 
 poet. : heavy rain attended vrith cloudy 
 weather) : neitlter do ivinds shake nor 
 clouds drench {them) with r., neque 
 concutiunt venti nee nublla nimbis 
 aspergunt, Lucr. j, 19: o black storm 
 of r. mingled irith hail, nigrans com- 
 mixta grandine nimbus, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 
 RAISE 
 
 120 : thick storms of r. rush down from 
 heaven, densi fiinduntur ab aethere 
 nimbi. Or. M. i, 269. 4. aqua coel- 
 estis ; also, aqua simply : there is a want 
 of r., coelestes desuot aquae, Liv. 4, jo : 
 the crow presager of r., comix augur 
 aquae, Hor. Od. J, 17, 12: much r., 
 multa aqua, Ov. V. 6, 198; heavy r., 
 aquae maguae, Liv. 24, 9 : there fell 
 suddenly, it is said, such a great quan- 
 tity of r., tanta repente coelo missa vis 
 aquae dicitur. Salt J. 7; : rain-water, 
 aquae pluviae, Cic. Mur. 9, 22; aqua 
 pluvialis, Ov. M. 8, JJ5 ; imbres, Tac. : 
 
 V, RAIN. 
 
 rain («•)•• I. Lit.: pluo, plui or 
 plavi, J (usu. impers.) : it r.s, pluit, 
 Cic. : it will r. to-day, pluet hodie. 
 Plant. Cure, i, 2, 42 : it r.s hard, multum 
 pluit, id. Men. prol. 6j : it r.s blood, 
 pluit sanguinem, Cic. Div. 2, 27, 58 (in 
 this phrase cither ace. or abl. is used): 
 it r.s milk, pluit lacie, Liv. 27, 11 : it 
 r.s stones, p. lapidibus, id. ?;, 9. Or 
 expr. by pluvia, imber: v. examples 
 under rain {subs.). Phr. : it r.'d all 
 night, imber continens per iioctem totam 
 tennit, Liv. 2J, 44. ||. Fig.- to 
 
 fall or pour dmim like rain : pluo : 
 from the shaken holm-nak the acorn 
 r.s doivn, de concus.sa pluit ilice glaos, 
 Virg. G. 4, 81. Strengthened, perpluo, j : 
 tlie stm-m, which love has r.'d into my 
 breast, tempestas, quam mihi amor in 
 pectus perpluit meum. Plant. Most, i, 
 J, 6. 
 
 rain-bow : 1. arcus pluvlus, Hor. 
 A. P. 18 : arcus coelestis, Plin. 11, 14. 14, 
 J J7 : or arcus simply, as shewn by con- 
 text. Sen. N. Q. i, J : Virg. Aen. 5, 88: 
 lunar and solar r.s, arcus solares lu- 
 naresque. Sen. N. Q. i, 10. 2. Melon. 
 Iris (i), ii1is,/. {goddess of the rainbow, 
 also used for the rainbow itself) : cf. 
 Ov. M. I, 271. 
 
 rain-water : ^- ra>n. 
 
 rainy: 1- pliivius: r. or fine days, 
 p. aut sereni dies, Plin. 2, 59, 6o, } 150 • 
 r. weather, tempestas p., Cato, R. R. 2: 
 p. coeli status, CoL 2, 10, 21 : r. winds, 
 p. venti, Hor. Od. i, 17, 14 : the r. season, 
 *ea pars atini qua continui imbres sunt. 
 2. pluvialis, e: a r. day, p. dies. 
 Col. 2, 15 ; the r. south urind, pi. Auster, 
 Virg. G. }, 429. 3. pliiviosus (of 
 
 much rain) : a r. winter, p. hiems, Plin. 
 18, 25, 60, i 225. 4. Squosus (poet.): 
 
 r. winter, a. hiems, Virg. E. 10, 66; 
 the r. Orion, a. Orion, id. Aen. 4, 52. 
 
 5. imbrifer, 6ra, erum {bringing 
 rain) :' r. south winds, i. Austri, Ov. M. 
 
 1 J, 725 : a r. spring, i. ver, Virg. (i. l, 
 ji ?. Phr.: it looks r., coelum est plu- 
 viuni, cf. Varr. R. R. i, IJ ; pluvia 
 impendet, Virg. G. 4, 191. 
 
 raise : I. To lift up : 1. toilo, 
 sustfili, sublatum, } : to r. a stone from 
 the ground, saxum de terra t., Cic. Caec. 
 21, 60: to r. oneself from the ground, 
 se t. a terra, id. Tusc. 5. u, J7 : Icar.not 
 r. my head, nequeo caput t., PI. True. 2, 
 6, 4; : to r. the curtain (of a theatre), 
 aulaeum t., Cic. Cael. 27, 65 (this was 
 done at the end of a piece, since the 
 curtain, contrary to our practice, was 
 let down below the stage when the play 
 began ; hence aulaeum [aulaea] premere, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, 89, or aulaeum premere, 
 Phaedr. 5, 7, 2}, to drop the cuiiain, was 
 used to (lenoie the opening of the play.) 
 Comps. (1). aitoUo, i (not in Cic, and 
 chiefly poet.) : to r. Oie head, caput at- 
 tollt-re, Ov. M. ;, 50J - to r. the eyes from 
 the ground, oculos humo a., ib. 2, 448 : 
 to r. the hands to heaven, manus ad 
 coelum a.. Liv. 10, j6. (2). extollo, j 
 {to r. high) : to r. the hea/i, caput ex- 
 tollere, Cic. Plane. II, ?J: to r. on high 
 a bloodstained dagger, alte cnienium 
 pugionem e., Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 28. 2. 
 16vo, I {to lift up, raise gently) : to r. 
 one's limbs from the grass, membra 
 gramine 1., Ov. F. 6, J28 : to r. oneself 
 from the turf, id. M. 2, 427 : to r. up a 
 sick person from a dangerous illness, 
 aegrum ex praeclpiti 1., Hor. S. 2, J, 292. 
 Comps. (1). allgvo, 1 (in Cic only fig., to 
 alleinate) : to r. the hand, manum ed.
 
 RAISE 
 
 RAKE 
 
 RAMBLE 
 
 Quint. II, }, 94 : to r. the arm, brachiuni 
 a., id. 11, }, 141. to r. the eyebrows, 
 supercllia a., id. 11, j, 19 : to r. the eyes, 
 oculos a.. Curt. 8, 14. (2). clCvo, i (to 
 raiit to a heiijlit) : to r. a flooring {to a 
 certain hnght), (■onlaliulationem e., CaPS. 
 B. C. 2, 9. (N.B. — Klc'vo, when nsed in 
 flg. sonse, = noi to raise, extt.i Qextollo, 
 effero^, Ijut t" Ifssni, disparage : cf. Cic. 
 deOr 2, ;8, 2j6.) (3). sublCvo, i (to 
 raise frmn the ground) -. he did not even 
 r. lis up irhen slrelclied at his feet, iios 
 sibi ad pi'des siratos ne sublevalmt. 
 quidem, Cic. Ait. lo, 4, j : to r. oneself 
 up, [erigere] se [autj sublevare, Caes. 
 B. 0. 6, 27 : the t>ees r. up on their 
 fhouldfjs tfie irearied king, apes regem 
 fessuni humeri^ s., Plin. 11, 17, 17, { 54: 
 he died in their amis as they vere r.ing 
 him, up, iiitfr maims sublevantium e.\- 
 linctus est. Suet. Vesp. 24. 3. «"'rigo, 
 rexi, rectum, ? (to lift to an erect posi- 
 tinn) : to r. the finger, digltum e.. yuint. 
 II, ?, 120: to r. the hands to the rotf, 
 manus ad tectum <•., id. 11, j, 118 tor. 
 the ladders to thf walls, scalas ad moenia 
 e., Liv. j2, 14. to r. the ryes, oculos e., 
 Cic Sext. ji. ^>8. 4. surgo. sunexl, 
 sum.'Ctum, j (\evy rare as irans. verb): 
 to r. one's ears, aures s., Virg. Aen. 4, 
 i8{ : an earthquake brings liouti moun- 
 tains, r.s plains, fills up valleys, terrae 
 molusdefert ni'inies. s. plaim, val'.es ex- 
 tuberat, .Sen Q. N. 6,4. (X.B— Hardly to 
 b« imitated.) ||. To wect, to build: 
 
 1, exstnio, xi, ctum, j: to )•. a tomb, 
 sepalcbrum e.. Vac. l.eg. 2, 27, 68 : to r. 
 a monument, monunientuni e., id. Pb. 
 14, 12, Jj: to r. a mound to the height 
 of eighty feet, aggerem in altitudinem 
 pedum octoginUi e., Caes. B. C. 2, i : to 
 r. tmvers, turres e., ib. ;, 54. 2. erigo, 
 } (rare in this sense) : to r. (erect) touers, 
 turres e., Caes. B. C. i, 26. 3. expr. 
 by pono, educo, aedifico ; for examples, 
 V. KRECT, BUILD. |||. 'I'o elevate in 
 condition, to exaU to a state more great 
 «r illustrious : 1, eveho, vexi, vectiim, 
 ? : tor. any one lo the consulship, ali- 
 quem ad consulatum e., Tac. Dial. 1 { : 
 to r. the empire to the highest point, 
 impcrium ad summum fastigluiii e., 
 Curt. 4, 14: to r. any one to heaven, 
 aliquem ad aethera e., Virg. Acii. 6, i jo; 
 ad decs, Hor. Od. i, 1, fi; ad auras, Ov. 
 M. 14. 127 ; in coeluni, Juv. i, )8. 2. 
 proveho, ; ; to r. persons of the Imvest 
 rank to the highest hotiours, quosdam 
 infimi generis ad amplis>imos honcTes 
 p., Suet. Caes. 72 : to r. any one to con- 
 sulships, censorships, and triumphs, 
 aliquem in consulatus. censuras, et tri- 
 umpbos p., Veil. 2, 128 : v. to projiote. 
 
 3. produco, xi, ctuni, ; : tor. any 
 one to honour, aliquem ad dignitatem 
 p., Cic. Fin. j, 16, 52; to r. aiiy one 
 to the highest honours, aliquem ad 
 lionores amplis,^imos p., id. Am. 20, 7j: 
 to r. any one to (lit. nith) every kind 
 o/'Aonour, aliquem onini geiiere honoris 
 p., Liv. 40, 56. 4. effOro, extfili, 
 
 Olatum, } : to r. to the highest au- 
 thority through the various degrees of 
 preferment, aliquem ad summiim im- 
 jwrium per oniiies honoriim gradus e., 
 etc. Cat. I, II, 28: to r. anyone above 
 the laics, aliquem supra leges e., Tac. A. 
 2, 14- 5. tollo, J : to r. any one to 
 threefold honours, uliqnem tergeniinis 
 t. honoribns (abl. case), Hor. Od. 1,1,8 
 (hardly so in prose, as tullere alone 
 would mean to get rid of) ; to r, any 
 one lo the sicy nith pmises, aliquem 
 laudibus ad cuelum t., Cic. Kam. 15, 9. 
 P h r. : to r. any otie fnrm, obscm ity, 
 aliquem e tenebris in iiiceni evocare, 
 Cic. Deiot. 11, ?o; aliquem e tenebris et 
 silentioproferre, Plln. Kp. 9. 14 ; aliquem 
 ex humili loco ad suminani dignitatem 
 perducere, Caos. B. G. 7, jq. |V, To 
 excite, arouse, stir up: \. tollo, j: 
 lo r. the courage, animos tollere. Liv. j, 
 67 : Ter. Hec. ?, ?, 57. 2. erigo, j : 
 to r. one's dejected .':pirits. unimum de- 
 mlssum et oppressum erigere, Cic. Clu. 
 21, 58 : to r. a7td cheer up the dejected 
 province, provlnclanj afflictam et per- 
 ditam e. atque recreare, id. Verr. }, 91, 
 
 2 12. 3. recreo, 1 (frequently joined 
 with erigo) : to r. the spirits, reticere et 
 ricreare nientem, id. Plane, i, 2; to r. 
 a person from the lowest depths of m.is- 
 Jortune, afflictum erigere, perditiinique 
 recreare, id. Man. 9, 2j : to r. the de- 
 ycted spirits of any one, afflicios animos 
 alicujusr.,id. Alt 1, 10,8. 4. exclto, i : 
 to )■. the dejected spirits ofafrit^nd. aniicl 
 Jaceiitem animum e.xciture. Id., Am. r6, 
 59. Pro v.: to r. a sbtrm in a teapot, 
 i. e. make much ildo about nothing, fluc- 
 tus in simpulo [lit. in a ladle] ex., Cic. 
 Leg. J, 16, }6. V, To (nxasian, pro- 
 duce, bring foruai-d : tollo, } : to r. a 
 shout, clamorem tollere, id. Verr. 4, 4?, 
 94 : Virg. Aen. 11, 745 : to r. a laugh, 
 cachinnum t., Cic. Fat. ;, 10: riium t., 
 llur. A. P. 581. Phr. : to r. a n-port, 
 rumorem fingere, cl Caes. B.C. I, 5!: 
 to r. a p'lint (in an argument), aliquid 
 proferie, Ter. Ad. }, 2, 41 ; aliquid in 
 medium proferre, Cic. Kam. i;, 2. VI. 
 To bring from death to life : Phr.: 
 aliquem ab inleris excitare, Cic. Cat. 2, 
 9, 20 : it is r.d in ghn-y. surgit in gloria, 
 Vulg. I Cor. XV. 45: he nas r.d again 
 for our justification, resurrcxit propter 
 justificationem nostram, ib. Itom. iv, 25. 
 
 VII. 'Jo collect, assemble, procure : 
 to r. an army, exercitum coiiscribere, 
 comparare, Cic. Ph. 5, ij, ;6; parare, 
 .Sail. C. 29; exercitum scribere, Liv. 2, 
 4) ; conficere, Cic. Ph. 5, 16, 4} ; facere, 
 ib. 5, 8, 2J ; contrahere, Caes. B.C. I, 
 J4; cogere, ib. j, 17: (in an irregular 
 or violent mannei), coiiflare, Cic. Ph. 
 4, 6, 15 to r. the wind (I.e. money), 
 pecuniam cogere, Cic. Agr. 2, j6, 98. 
 
 VIII. I'o augment, increase: Phr. : 
 to r. the price of any thing, pretium 
 alicujus rei efferre, Varr. R. K. j, 6, 
 6 ; tacere pretium alicujus rei carius, 
 .Just. 16, 4 ; the pric of provisions is 
 r.d, annona augetur, Plin. 6, 22, 24, 
 ij 89; annona crescit, Caes. B. C. i, 52 ; 
 annona ingravescit, Auct. pro Dom. 5, 
 II ; annona est carior, Cic. Div. 2. 27, 59 : 
 to r. prices artificially, aimoiiara in- 
 cendere, excandefacere, Varr. K. K. ?, 2, 
 fin.: to r. the pay, *augere stipendium. 
 
 IX. I'o cause to grow : exaro, i : 
 to r. so much corn, tantum frumenti ex., 
 Cic. Verr. 5, j8, 99. .See also to cci.ti- 
 v,\TF., PRODUCE. X. To raise a siege : 
 Phr.: obsidionem solvere, Liv. 24, 41 ; 
 obsidionem omiitere, Tac. A. 15, 5; ab 
 oppugnatione desistere. Sail Jug. 25, 
 extr. ; oppugnationem relinquere, ib. 
 15, 16. 
 
 raise up : sublevo, i : v. to raise. 
 
 raisin : acinus passus, Plin. 14, I, 
 J ^ 1 7 : poet, racemus passus (clusters), 
 Virg. G. 4, 269 : uvae passae (of a quan- 
 tity), Col. 12, J9, 4. Raisin -tvine ; 
 passuni (sc. vinum\ Virg. G. 2, 9$ : 
 Plin. : Col. 
 
 rake (subs.) .- |. An agricultural 
 iniph'uiint : 1. rastelliis (dimin. of 
 rastrum, pi. rastri, this latter being a 
 heavier implement, and serving to dig 
 up soil, not merely to smooth or clear 
 it): Varr. L. L. 5, Ji, u6 (where the 
 rastelliis is said to be the tool used by 
 haymakers in clearing the mown grass) : 
 to clear the ground of stubble by m^ans 
 ofr.s, stipulam de pratis rastellis eradere, 
 id. K. K. I, 49: Col. 2, I J. (But rastrum 
 was perhaps also used to denote a com- 
 mon mice, cf. Col. 2, I?, 7ned., ligneis 
 rastris Jarla semina obruere : also Ov, 
 M. I}, 765, where Polyphemus uses a 
 rastrum as his ormb.) 2. pf'cten, Tnis, 
 n. (a comb : hence any similar Instru- 
 ment, o light r.) : Ov. R. A. 192. 3. 
 irpex, icis, m. (a heavy farming imple- 
 nirnt) : v. harrow. ||, A vicious 
 
 fiUow: 1. nepos, Otis (o .'■;p«N(i//iri/< 
 and prodigal) : to squander like a loose 
 r., (divitias) discinctus perdere ut nepos, 
 Hor. Kpod. I, J4 : Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7. 
 2. ndbulo, Onis, m. (a woithless 
 felloir): Hor. Ep. I, 2, 28 (nebulones 
 Alcinoique juvenfus). Join: vappa 
 ac nebulo, id. S. 1, i, 104. 3. vappa (a 
 sort of slang term) : cf. Hor. 1. c. 4. 
 homo discincius. di.ssolutiis . v. ursso- 
 LUT£. 5. g&neo, dills (fine who f re- 
 
 ^uents eating -liouteM and brotheU) ; 
 Per. Heauu 5, 4, 11 : Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7 
 (quis ganeo, qiiis adulter, quis nepos; 
 Irom which the primary relereii<« ap- 
 pears to be to gluttony rattier than 
 licenttousness) : v. <;Li'Tri>s. 
 
 rake ('■•)•• |, Lit. rado, si, sum, 
 J (to S'lape in any nay, whence rastrum, 
 rasiellus) : cf. Varr. U L. ?, ji, i }6 (ab 
 ra^u rastelll dicti). Cximps. (1). corradu 
 } (to r. together) . Varr. 1. c. (2). eriulo 
 J (to r. off tiie ground or root out of it 
 \oiUi the'rake): Id. R. K. i. 49. Phr. : 
 to r. seeds over (corn- them » itit soil by 
 raking), (semina) rastellis ohniere, CoL 
 2, 15, med. : to r. the ground cUan, 
 peitine verrere humuin,' Ov. R. Am. 
 192; less poetically, •terram rasti-lio 
 purgare. Phr.. to r. together the fire, 
 • ignem cineribus condere ; prunis cl- 
 neres obducere. ||. 7o gel together, 
 esp. by screwing and stinting: L 
 
 corrado, ? (to scrape together) : to r. 
 together tlie money from some quarter 
 or other, pecuniam alicunde c, 'ler. Ad. 
 2, 2, 54: cf. id. Heaut. 1, i, 89 (omnia 
 corradere). 2. comparco, si, } (by 
 stinting): Ter. Ph. i, i, 10. |||. To 
 rake up, i. e. revive something uniile&- 
 sant : Phr.. to r. up an obi scandal, 
 *flagitii (iiifamiae) meinoriam quae jam 
 obsoleverat redlntegrare ; vet.errm in- 
 famiam et jam paene ohlivio obnitam 
 eruere atque proferre. |V. I" scour, 
 rummage (" the statesman rakes the 
 town to find a plot," .Swift) : p>-rh. per- 
 curio, t; or .scrutor, perscrutor, : : Caes.: 
 V, TO SCOUR, SEARCH. V. To fire across 
 an eni'my's position : 'transversa ex 
 obliquo conjicere t»-la. 
 
 rally: A. Trans.: |. To put 
 disordered troops into order .- P h r. : 
 revdcare in ordines militem, Liv. 28, 15; 
 militibus coUcctis aciem restitm re, Liv. 
 5, 18; ordines restiiuere, Siill. .1. ;i ; 
 inclinatani aciem restituere, .Siiel. Caes. 
 62. II, To treat ivith satirical merri- 
 ment, to banter : 1. Ifido, si, sum, }: 
 foil, by direct ace., Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16. 
 2. irrideo, risi, risum, 2 : Cic. : v. to 
 BANTER, TO RiDicni.E. 3. cavillor, I : 
 V. TO JEST, JOKE. B. Intrans. : 
 
 1, 'I'o come again into order: expr. 
 by colllgo, legi, lectum, j, with pr..ii. 
 reflect. : they gave the enemy no opp<n- 
 tunity of r.ing, neque sui colligendi 
 facultatem (hostibus) dederunt, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 17 : at t'apua they first recoret 
 tfu'ir spirits and rally. Capuae primum 
 sese ciinfirmant et c, id. B. C. I, 14, 11. 
 
 II, Fig.: to recoier one's health 
 and S2>irits : 1. expr. by coliigo, }: 
 with prim. refl. (to collect oneself): se 
 colligere, Cic. Tusr. 4, }6, 78 : so, animos 
 c, Liv. J, 60. Also, rC'Colligo, j : Ov. AL 
 9, 74; (with pron. refl.); se a loiiga 
 valetudiiie r., Plin. : v. to rei-ovkb. 
 
 2, retVio, 3: \\'n\\ pron. refl.: v. 
 
 TO RECOVER. 
 
 rallying-point : * is locus quo mi- 
 liies se ex Iiiga coUigunt: v. to e.*llt. 
 
 ram (subs.): I, .Hale of tJie shetp : 
 firies, 6tis, m.: Scrr. K. R. : Virg. He- 
 longing to a ram. ram's: arifiinus: a 
 ram's hoof, ar. ungiila : Plin. ||, A 
 battering-ram (nsid to break walls) : 
 iiries (v. Smith's Ant. i j ?) ■ tlie r. shakes 
 the ivalls. a. niuruin pi-rculii, Cic. OlT. i, 
 II, ?; : to shatter a considerable p-ntion 
 of the noil by the r.s, arietlbus aliquan- 
 turn muri dlsiutere, Liv. 21, 12 ■ to 
 batter the nails nith the r, pulsare 
 aricte muros, Virg. Aen. 12, 706. 
 
 ram (<'■) •■ 1. fi^'u'o. i • f" >"■ dotcn 
 
 thefoundations. lundanienla f.,Cat. R. R. 
 18, mat : to r. don v the ground. I'lin. }6, 
 ?5, 6?. Or expr. by fistfica. ti.-tucntio, 
 with a verb: e.g. tisiuia ad'gen". C^ies. 
 B. G. 4, 16; locum fistucutionlbus soli- 
 dare, Viir. 7, I. 2. pfivlo, 4: to r. 
 domi the earth, terram p., Varr. R. R. 
 
 I. 57- 
 
 ramble (< ■) ■• I. ' • > t. : erro. vSgor, 
 evagor, i : v. to wander. ||. Fig., 
 17! discourse : 1, vilgor, 1 : shall I there- 
 fore r. and vrite carelessly f. idciroone 
 vagcr scrihamque licenter ? Hor. A. P, 
 265. Comp.e vigor: they do not allotc 
 637
 
 RAMBLING 
 
 RANGE 
 
 It A N K 
 
 (even') Itemosthenes to r. (^digress), non 
 Demosiheni permit tunt ev , yuint. j, 6, 
 i. 2. exspitior, I yuint. Or expr. 
 byphr. : a proposito decliiiare, Cic. Or. 
 40, I ?T i a proposito egredi, id. Brut. 21, 
 82; a proposito aberrare, id. Fin. 5, 28, 
 
 8j V TO DIGRKSS. 
 
 ramble, rambling (subs.): error, 
 
 vSgatIo: V wandering. Phr. I take 
 a ramble through the circus and the 
 farum, circum fummque pererro, Hor. 
 S. 1,6, II! 
 
 rambler, erro, onis; homo erraticns 
 ,«. errahuiidus • v wandkbkb. 
 
 rambling (a^j-) •• I. Li t. .- vigus, 
 Tagans, t-rratiius. errans; v. wander- 
 dig, ROVING. II. Fig. 1. vagus, 
 of style, as distinguished from solutus, 
 free, easy : of. (in oraiionf ) solutum 
 qulddam sit, nee vagura tamen, Cic. Or. 
 2J, TJ. 2. vagaiis. a r speech, v. 
 oratlo, Cic. Rep. 2, 11. Phr.: a r. 
 house, sparsa ac dissona domus, cf. Stat. 
 Acbill. I, 457. 
 
 ramification : |. Li t. : division 
 or separation into branches, small 
 branches : 1. *ramifica io, Linn. 2. 
 •ramorum divisio. Plir. . r.of the roots, 
 discursus radicum. Plin. i";, 20. j? } 144 : 
 r. of the veins, discursus venarum, id. 
 J4, 12, 29, 118: cf. venQlae, Cels. 2, 6. 
 II. Fig., expr. by pars, particiila, 
 gSnus, etc. v part, branch. Phr.: 
 the conspiracy has many r.s, conjuratio 
 ad multos pertinet, Cic. (in Q.) : your 
 teaching is a r. of Origen's, doctrina 
 tua Origenis ramusculus est, Hier. 
 
 ramify ("•) • P h r. : se findere in 
 partes : cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 540 : roots 
 which r., ramosae radices, Plin. 21, 15, 
 
 52 ^ 89 : V. TO BBANCH. 
 
 rammer : an instrument for driving 
 anything with force s 1. fistuca : 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 17 ; Plin. 2. pavicula: 
 to beat ivith r.s, paviculis verberare. Cat. 
 R. R. 91 ; p. coiidensare. Col. 1, 6, 12; 
 inculcare, ib. i, 6, i}. For rammer of a 
 
 gun, V. RAM-ROD. 
 
 ramp ("•) •' •• e. to leap vrith violence, 
 especiaUy of the lion .- insilio, ui, 4 : 
 cf. leo insilit saltu, Plin. 8, 16, 19, 50 : v. 
 TO LEAP. Phr.: they gape upon me 
 with their mouths, as a ramping and 
 roaring lion, aperuerunt super me os 
 suum, sicul leo rapiens et mugiens, 
 Vulg. Ps. xxl. 14. Milton uses the word 
 without the idea of violence : sporting 
 the lion ramped, *leo gestieus exercebat 
 lusus. 
 
 rampancy : exuberance (South) : 
 Inxuria ; v. exuberance. 
 
 rampant ; I. wild, overleaping 
 restraints, exuberant : 1, petiilans 
 {wanton) : r. animals, p. animalia, Gell. 
 17,20. 2. \iisc\v us {sporting freely): 
 r. v-eeds, perh. *1. herbae (cf. lascivae 
 hederae. Hor.W. i, ?6, 20): v. siorth-e. 
 3, ffirox (Jiigh-spiriteJd, wild, fierce): 
 the r. boar, f. aper, Virg. Aen. 10, 711. 
 Phr.: r. sins (South), *viiia luxu- 
 riantia. To be r., doniinari : cf. Virg. G. 
 I, 154 (of loeeds), steriles dominantur 
 avenae : and of persons, exsultare ira- 
 moderateque jactare. Cic. Div. i, 29, 60. 
 II. In heraldry, denoting an animal 
 standing on his hind legs : a lion r., 
 *leo erectus. 
 
 ramoart : I. 1. agger, gris, m. 
 (a mound of earth, serving as a fortifica- 
 tion ; usu. sunnounted try a ttockcde, 
 consisting oi sharpened stakes, valli) : v. 
 MOCND. 2 vallum (prop, a siocfcade; 
 also used to include the agger ■): Caes.: 
 Cic, The above two wi .rds are sometimes 
 used together to signify the rampart, 
 but more frequently one only; and more 
 usu. vallum : to erect a r., aggerem ac 
 vallum exstriiere, Caes. B. G. 7, 72 ; 
 aggerem exstruere, ib. 2, Jo; aggerem 
 jacere, ib. 2, 1 2 ; vallum ducere (to carry 
 ar.along). Liv. 7, 2J, med. : to fortify 
 the camp with a r. and a ditch, castra 
 V. fossaque munire, Caes. B. G. 2, 5 : 
 to surround the totvn ivith a r. and a 
 ditch (lines of eircumvallation). oppi- 
 dum v. et fossa circumdare or cingere, 
 Cic. Fam 15, 4, 10: Id. Att. 5, 20, 5: 
 to scale the r. with ladders, scalis v. 
 6:8 
 
 ascendere, Caes. B. G. 5, 4J : to destroy 
 the r., V. scuiilere, ib. j, 5. ||, The 
 uall around fortified places, miirus, 
 moenia: v. wall. |||, Any kind of 
 defence : vallum, munimenlum, pro- 
 pugnaculum : v. bdlwabk, fortifica- 
 tion. Fig.: the r. of the Alps against 
 tliepassage of the Hauls, Alplum vallum 
 contra traiisgressioneni Gallorum, Cic. 
 in Pis. ??, 81. Fig.: the ear of corn is 
 protected against the smaller birds by a 
 r. of acorns, spica contra avium mi- 
 norum morsus munilur vallo aristarum, 
 id. Sen. 15, SI. See also fortification. 
 
 rampion : *piiyteiima. a.tis, «. (name 
 of the genus), Linn. •Campanula rapun- 
 culus, Linn. The homed rampion, 
 *rapunculu8 comiculatus or *phyteuma 
 orbiculare, Linn. 
 
 ramrod ; "virga sclopetaria, M. L. 
 
 rancid: rancidus- Hor. Wmiji. ran- 
 cidtilus (a little r., somewhat so) : Juv. 
 
 rancorous : 1. infensus (Utterly 
 hostile : joined with inimicus) ; r. feelr 
 ings, inlensus atque inimicus animus, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 61, 149. 2. infestus 
 (hostile, spiteful : also joined with ini- 
 micus or iniquus) ; to look at any one 
 irith most r. feelings, animo iniquissimo 
 infestissimiique aliquem inlueri, Cic. 
 Verr. ;, 55, 144. 3. invidus: Hor. 
 See also MALIGNANT. Phr.: to fUime 
 with rage and r ire (Spenser), [acerrima] 
 iracundia exardescere, inflammari; ira 
 accendi, Cic. 
 
 rancour: 1. ira, iracundia (the 
 latter denoting more of settled feeling): 
 
 v. ANGER, RAGE. 2. simultas (USU. 
 
 pi.) : to contend iirith the greatest r., 
 summis simultatibus contendere, Caes. 
 B G. 5, 44: to cherish r., simultates 
 nutrire, Tac. H. }, 5J. 3. perh. 
 
 odium occultum ; o. penitus insltum : 
 
 v. HATRED. 
 
 rancorously: 1. infeste: Liv. 21, 
 
 ij, init.: v. SPITEFULLY. 2. nialigne 
 (ill-naturedly): to speak abusively and 
 r., maledice ac m. loqui, Liv. 45, 59, 
 ad fin. 3. expr. by adj., esp. as 
 modal abl., inlesto s. Infenso animo, 
 etc.: V. rancorous. 
 
 random (adj-) • fortuitus (Itus and 
 Itus) Cic. Or by circuml., in casu 
 
 pOsitUS, Cic. : V. FORTUITOUS, ACCI- 
 DENTAL. Phr. : ar. blow, caecus ictus, 
 Liv. J4, 14: a r. shot, *glans temere 
 jacta. 
 
 random, at: tgmSre: to talk thought- 
 lessly and at r., inconsulte ac t. dicere, 
 Cic. N. [). I, 16, 4J ; t. ac nulla ratione 
 dicere, id. de Or. 2, 8. 12: words thrown 
 out at r., [verba] t. jacta, Liv. 5, 15 : we 
 were not erected at r. or by chance, non t. 
 necfortuito sati etcreali suraus, id. Tusc. 
 1,49, 118. Join: temere ac fortuito; 
 casu ac temere ; forte, temere, casu ; 
 inci.nsulto ac temere ; temere atque im- 
 prudenter : Cic. : v. accidentally ; (by) 
 
 CHANCE. 
 
 range (s^s.) : \, a long line or 
 row of things, as of mountains, build- 
 ings, etc. : 1. ordo, iiiis, m. (general 
 term): v. row. 2. of mountains, 
 
 jiigum (usu. pi. : a r. of mountains) : 
 where Ida sn eUs in its extetided r., in 
 immensis qua tumet [da jugis, Ov. H. 
 5. I !8 : in an unbroken r., perpetiiis j., 
 Plin. }, ;, 7. Phr.: a fine r. of build- 
 ings stretches from the palace to the 
 castle, *continuantur aediticia lauta ac 
 
 splendlda[or,coniinuasuiitaedificia ] 
 
 a palatio usque ad Ciistellum : a conti- 
 nuous r. of mountains, monies perpetui, 
 Liv. ; montes contiuui, Hor. ||. A 
 class: ggnus: v. CLASS. |||, Excur- 
 
 sion, II andering : vagatio : v. ramble, 
 WANDF.RiNG. \y , Oomposs taken in by 
 anything extensive: campus: v. field 
 (III.). Phr.: the wide r. of plains, 
 immensiiates camporum, Cic. N. D. 2. 
 59,98: the wide r. of science, vastitas 
 scientiae. Col. 5, I, i : to take a wide r., 
 lalius exspatiari in aliqua re, cf. Quint. 
 2, 17, I. V. ^''* reach of a missile : 
 Phr.- toc<wn«Mii<Amr., inirateli jactum 
 progredi, Virg. Aen. 1 1 , 608 ; venire ad 
 tell conjectum, Liv. 2, ji : to stand out 
 of r., extra tell conjectum consistere. 
 
 Petr. 90: to 6« out of r., extra teli jao- 
 tum esse. Curt, j, 10 : to be out of r of 
 the artillery, interiorem Ictibus tormen- 
 torum esse, Liv. 24, 54: the enemy were 
 within r., non longius hostes abei^ant, 
 quam quo lelum adjici posset, Caes. B.Q. 
 2, 21. VI. -^ hitchen-grate : caminus: 
 
 V. GRATE, FIRE-PLACE. 
 
 range ("•)-■ A. Trans. : to set 
 in order : ordino, etc. : v. to arrange. 
 B. In trans.: |, To rove at 
 large : 1. pervigor, 1 : Cic. : v. to 
 wander. 2. pcrsulto, i (prop, leap 
 over, bound) : the wild herds r. over th 
 glad pastures, ferae pecudes p. pabula 
 laeta, Lucr. i, 14: v. roam, wander. 
 II, To have a certain scope or range: 
 expr. by, intra quosdam ['certos] fines s. 
 terminos contlneri. 
 
 ranger: I. one that ranges, a 
 robber (rare) : latro : v. bobber. ||. 
 A dog that beats the ground : canis ves- 
 tigator, Varr. L. L. 5, 18, 94 : cf. canes, 
 qui odorantur omnia et pervestigant, 
 Cic. VeiT. 4, 1}, }l. Ill, One rvho 
 tends game in a forest ; a forester : 
 saltuarius : Pomp. Dig. }}, 7, 15 ; or *rei 
 saltuariae praefectus. 
 
 rank (subs.) : |, A row or lint of 
 things : ordo, inis, m. ; s6ries : v. row, 
 LINE. II, Of soldiers : ordo : to keep 
 the ?\s, ordines servare, Caes. B. G. 4, 26 ; 
 o. observare, Sail. Jug. 51 : to throw the 
 r.s into confusion, o. perturbare, ib. 2, 
 II : to re-form the r.s, o. restituere. Sail. 
 Jug. 51 : uhe7i tkty saw that they foU 
 lotted again in close r.s, ubi firmis ordi- 
 nibus sequi rursus videre, Tac. Agr. J7 : 
 to reduce to the r.s, in ordines cogere 
 or redigere, cf. Liv. j, 51: Suet. Vesp. 
 15. Phr.: to quit the r.s, ab signis 
 discedere, Liv. 25, 20 . r. and file (i. e. 
 common soldiers), manipulares ; Caes.: 
 gregarii milites; Cic. |||, Class, order, 
 dignity. 1, ordo (esp. of persons, 
 forming a special class in the state) : / 
 met a person of my own condition and 
 r., conveni quendam mei loci atque 
 ordinis, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, j : men of every 
 r. and age, homines omnium o. et om- 
 nium aetatum, Cic. : the senatorial r., 
 senatorius o., Cic. : the equestrian r., 
 equesler o., Cic. : the most distinguished 
 r. in the state, amplissimus ordo reipub- 
 licae, Cic. : three hundred men of the 
 two upper r.s, trecentl utriusque o., 
 Suet. Aug. 15. 2. locus (often, but 
 not always, connected with binh) : the 
 highest r. in the state, summus locus 
 civitatis, Cic. Clu. 55, 150; Caesar re- 
 stored to him the r. of his ancestors, 
 huic Caesar majorum locum restituit, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 2$' of the lowest r. by 
 birth, infimo loco natus, Cic. Fl. 11, 24: 
 of the highest r. by birth, sunimo loco 
 natus, Liv. i, ?4. 3. gridus, us, m. 
 (elevation, degree) : a man most worthy 
 of the highest r.s, omni g. amplissimo 
 dignissinius, Cic. Fam. 6, 10 : the highest 
 r. of dignity, summus g. dignitatis, id. 
 Plane. I J, }2 : to hold the second r. in 
 the empire, secundum g. imperii tenere, 
 Nep. Con. j. 4. dignitas (implying 
 positive elevation ; the preced. terms 
 being neutral) : to raise any one from a 
 low position to the highest r., aliquem ex 
 humili loco ad summam d. perducere, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, J9 : to make a person- 
 equal in r. to another, aliquem cum ali- 
 quo dignitate exaequare, Caes. B. C. i, 
 4 : to live in accordance with one's r., pro 
 d. vivere, Nep. Att. 2. 5. fastigium 
 {high r. or elevation) : the r. of the dic- 
 tatorship was always the higher dis- 
 tinction, dict;iturae semper altius f. fuit, 
 Liv. 6, j8 : to advance any one to royal 
 r.. ad reglum f. evehere aliquem, VaL 
 Max. I, 6, I. Ph r. : a man of high r, 
 of very high r., homo nobllis, nobilissi- 
 mus. Cic. Join: nobllis et clarus; 
 illustris et nobilis : honoratus et nobilis : 
 
 Cic. : V. NOBLE. 
 
 rank (v.): A. Trans.: |. 
 Lit.: to place abreast or in a line : 
 ordine 15co or collSco, l : v. to arrange. 
 II. Fig.: to place in a particular 
 class : 1, numfiro, i : tor. any one 
 in the first doss, aliquem in primis n-
 
 RANK 
 
 RAPE 
 
 R A K E F V 
 
 Oic. Verr. ?,";;, i-jo: let him be r.'d'. 
 among nun of itiong ftelinys, acri-s 
 inter numeretur, Hor. S. i, }, 5J. 2. 
 habeo, 2; esp. with in numero: to r. 
 any one as an enemi/, aliqueiii in hos- 
 tiuni numero h., Caes. B. G. I, 28 
 Phr. r to r. a peisun high, aliquem 
 magni facerej v. to estekm. B. ^ n- 
 tran s. . to be ranged, to be placed: ex- 
 pressed by passive of preceding verbs or 
 by pbr. : as, to r. among the impious ami 
 wicked, numero impiorum ac sct-lerato- 
 rum haberi, Caes. B. G. 6, u : tor. first, 
 *primum locum habere, obtiiiere. 
 
 rank (.("dj.) : |. Luxuriant in 
 
 growth: luxuriosus, luxOrians : v. lux- 
 uriant. II, St.tmg-smelling : 1. 
 gravis, e: Hor. Kpod. 12, 5: Vir^:. G. j, 
 415: Plin. (who ha.s ihe word in good 
 sense = simply, stromi). 2, gr4ve6- 
 lens (poel.) . Virg. Aen. 6, 201. 3. 
 foetldus: Cic. : v. STINKING. 4. hir- 
 COSMS: I'ers. }, "JT : Mart. The r. snuM 
 of the arm-pits, hircus. Cat. 71, i : Hor. 
 III. Ill ghoTstronti tasted: rancidus: 
 Hor. S. 2, 2, 89. iV. Oross, coarse : 
 turpis, indCcorus : y. GKOsiS. V. 
 Strong in quality: Phr.: r. poisn'i, 
 perh. merum veneuum : r. ptide (Ad- 
 dison), pt'rii. atro.x superliia et arro- 
 ganiia, cf. Cic. Inv. i. 54, 10; : a r. 
 rogue, homo nequissinius omnium, id. 
 Fam. u, 21 : homo flagilloslssimus ne- 
 qulssimusque, id. Verr. 2, 7H, 192 : a 
 r. fool, stultior stultissimo, PI. Am. j, 
 2,26. 
 
 rankle : to fester, usu. fig. of the 
 mind : 1. suppiiro, I, intrans. ; with 
 ferf. part, suppuratus: deep seated and 
 r.ing soirow, gravis et suppurata tii>ti- 
 tia. Sen. Kp 80, 6. 2. e.\ulc6ro (trans. 
 to make sore) ; r.g grief, dolor exul- 
 ceran.s I'lin. Kp. I, 12: their minds r.g 
 %cith the disgrace, exulcerati ignominia 
 aninii. l.iv. 9, 14. Pbr.: keeping her 
 tirrovg for ever r.g in her breast, aetcr- 
 num servans sub pectore vulnus, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 36. 
 
 rankly : |. /luxuriantly .- luxii- 
 riSse: Col. ||, Offensively: rancide: 
 Cell. 
 
 rankness : I. Luxuriant growth .- 
 luxuria, luxfirios • v luxukiance. ||. 
 Strong sm^U: graveQlcnlia: Plin. 
 
 ransack: I. To plunder, pillage : 
 1, diripio, ui, reptum, j {icith open 
 viUenct) : my house itus being r.'d and 
 burnt, domus mea diripiebatur et arde- 
 bat,Cic. inSen. 7, 18: v.TOPiLLAGE. 2. 
 depficiilor, i (secretly and dishimestly) -. 
 he r.'d many private houses, very many 
 cities, arul all the temples, multas domos. 
 plurimas urbes, omnia fana depeculatus 
 est, id. Verr. Act. 1,4, 11 : v. to I'LUNDek, 
 PIH.AGE. 3. vexo, I (to use roughly 
 and violently) : the temple might seem 
 to have been r.'d by barbarous robbers, 
 aedes a barbaris praedonibus vexata esse 
 videatur, Cic. V^err. 4, 55, init. \\. 
 To search thorouglily : 1. scriitor, i : 
 to r. secret places, loca abdita scrutari. 
 Sail. J. 12. 2. sn comp. perscrutor. 
 I (strengthened) : to r. eiery hole and 
 comer, loca omnia perscrutari, Liv. to 
 r. the tvoman's caskets, arculas muliebres 
 p., Cic. Off. 2, 7. 25. 3. rimor, 1 (to pry 
 about, rummage) .- the vulture r.s the 
 entrails for fmd, vultur viscera r. 
 epulis, Virg. Aen. 6, 599 : v. to prt. 
 4. exquiro, sivi, situm, j : to r. 
 everything by sea and land to furnish 
 luxuries for the table, vescundi causa 
 terra murique omnia ex.. Sail. J. u. 
 Join: scrutari et quaerere ; perscrutari 
 et exquirere ; investigare et perscru- 
 tari : C^c. 
 
 ransom (subs.) : l. rgdemptio : 
 
 to bring gold for tlie r. of the girl, 
 aurum pro r. puellae afferre, VaL Max. 
 4, J. I : r. uxis lefused to the pritoners, 
 captivis r. negabatur, Liv. 25,6. 2. 
 pretium (the money paid for the ran 
 8om) ; to restore the jarisoners xi-ithout 
 r., captivos sine p. reddere, Liv. : to dis- 
 miss all the prisonrrs u'illtout r., omiu-s 
 captivos sine p. dimittere. Curt. ■ to pay 
 the r. agreed upon for one's life, pactum 
 pro capite p. afferre, Cic Off. j, 29, 107. 
 
 Also by phr.: pecuniae qiiibu:i aliqnid 
 rediniitur, Suet. Cat-s. 4 1 
 
 ransom C^'-) ■ rCdimo, Smi, empturo, I 
 } : to r. captives Jroin the i-iiemy, cap- | 
 livos ab hosiibus r.. Auct. Hur 1, 2, 2 : j 
 to )•. captives from slaiery. captos e 1 
 servitute r., Cic. Off. 2, 18, 6} : to r. those \ 
 taken l/y the pirates, capios a praedoni- 
 bus r., ib. 2, 16, 56. 
 
 rant, ranting (subs.) .- 1. perh. 
 bacctiatio (prop, raving) : cf. Cic. Br. 
 80, 276 (bacchari). 2, sermo lunil- 
 dus: Liv. 4;, 2}. 3. oratio, quae 
 
 turget et intlata est ; or, oratio suffluia, 
 Auct. Her. 4, 10, 15. 4. genus ilicendi, 
 quod tumore inimodico turgescit; or, 
 quod inanibuB locis bacchatur, yuint. i 2, 
 • o, 7{. 6. ampullae: Hor.: v. bom- 
 bast. 
 
 rant (•'■) • 1. bacchor, I (to rave, 
 hefreiizifl): .Join: furere et bacchari, 
 Cic. Brui. 80. 276 : cf. inanlbus locis b., 
 yuint. 12, 10, 7}: of fanatic ranting, 
 *lanatice bacchari. 2. expr- by clr- 
 cuml., tamide s. tiimldissime dicfire, 
 I5qul, Sen. ; vghementissime declamare, 
 Cic. Verr. 4. 66, 149. 
 
 ranter: a fanatic: expr. by fana- 
 tice bacchari : v. to rant. 
 
 ranunculus: a plant: ranunciilus: 
 I'lin. : Linn. 
 
 rap (subs) : a smart blow. |. 
 
 Lit.: 1. alSpa (n-ith fiat luind) : to 
 
 give any one a r. (a slap), ducere gravem 
 
 alapam alicui, Phaedr. 5, J, 2: v. si.ap. 
 
 2. ictus, US: v. STROKE. 3. tali- 
 
 trum (a r. \eith the ki.uckles) : Suet. 
 Tib. 68. 4. pulsatlo (ostii), a r. at 
 the door: PI. Bac. 4, 2, I. II. Fig-: 
 a r. on the knuckles, i. e. a slight re- 
 proof : to give a person a r. on the 
 knuckles, perh. verljerare, with some 
 qualifying adv. or phr., e. g. impru- 
 denteni s. necopinantem aliquem ver- 
 berare, vulnerare, oppriraere. 
 
 rap ("■) •" 1. pulso ; older form, 
 
 pulto, I (esp. to rap at a door) : to r. at 
 the door, ostium, lores s. januam p., Ter. 
 Ad. 4, 5, J : id. Heaut. 2, J, J4 : PI. Poeii. 
 }, 4. }o : to r. at the house, aedes p., id. 
 Most. 2, I, 5, 6 : r. gently, placide pulla, 
 id. Men. i, 2, 6;. 2. pello, pipiili, 
 pulsum. i . tor. at the door, fores pellere, 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 4 : to give a loud r., fores 
 graviter p., ib. ;, }. 2. Phr.: some one 
 r.'d at the door (preparatory to coming 
 out), concrepuit ostium, Ter. And. 4, i, 
 ;8 et passim (the phrase is used to de- 
 note striking the door inside, to warn 
 those outside to siep on one side, since 
 the doors opened up<jn the street). 
 
 rap out ("■) •■ f h r. : to r. out an 
 oath : *JusJuraiidum (impia verba) tem- 
 ere proferre. 
 
 rapacious : 1. rapax : stags, the 
 prey of r. tvolves, cervi, luporum praeda 
 rapacium, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 10: you scoun- 
 drels, you r. fdloiis, you robbers, vos 
 scelesti, vos rapaces, vos praedones. Pi. 
 Men. 5, 7, 26. 2. avidus: Cic: v. 
 (.RKEDY. (Also raptor may be used as 
 adj., cf. L. U. 5 598: r. ivolves, raptores 
 lupi, Virg. Aen. 2, j;6 Ov.) 
 
 rapacity : 1. rapacitas : Cic 2. 
 ividiias: Cic. May often be expr. by 
 rapax : an aninuil of extreme >■., animal 
 rapacissimum : v. rapacious. 
 
 rape: I. carrying off, abduction: 
 
 1. raptus. us the r. oj HanymeAe, r. 
 Ganymedis, Cic. Tusc. 4, }}, 71 : the r.of 
 the maiden, r. virginis, id. Verr. 4, 48, 107. 
 
 2. raptio: Ter. Ad. }, },2. (I)ona- 
 tus remarks, " Raptio ad personam re- 
 fertur, raptus ad stuprum, si proprte 
 volumus loqui.") ||. Violence offered 
 to chastity: \. raptus, iis: Cic: 
 V. supr. 2. vis : in certain com- 
 mon phrr. v. infr. 3. vilUim vir- 
 ginis Ter. Eun. 4. 4, 55. Phr.: to 
 commit a rape, alicui per vim vitiuni 
 offerre, Ter. Ad. J,2, 10; pndicitiae vim 
 afferre, Plin. Ep. 1 , 2, 7 ; alicui vim 
 afferre, Ov. A. A. t, 679: per vim stu- 
 prare aliqiiam, Liv. 1, 57 ; stuprum 
 alicui per vim inlerre. cf. Cic. Off. !, 9. 
 }8 ; aliquam .stupro violare. Tac. Ann. 
 14, Ji : virginitateni aliciyus violare, 
 Cic. N. D. i, 2i, 59 ; expugnare pudici- 
 
 tiam alicujus, id. Coel. 20, 49 ; pudicitiam 
 eripere alicui, id. Mil. 4, 9. \\\. -i 
 Bpecies of turnip : \. rapuni ; V urr. : 
 •bra.ssica rupa, Linn. Uimin. rapulum: 
 Hor. S. 2,2,4?. 2. rapina: O.l. 11, 
 2, 71. Jiape-seed, raplcliiui >enieii, Calo 
 K. R. l!4 IV. ^ dii-uiim of Uie 
 
 county of Jiiitsex : *rapa, rapuni v. Du 
 Cange, s.vv. 
 
 rapid : 1. rapidus (hurrying along 
 and carrying things witti it) : a r. tor- 
 rent, r. torri-ns, Virg. Aen 2. 105 : a r- 
 ricer, r. amnis, Hor. S. i, 10, 62 : a very 
 r. i-iver, ^apidi^sl^lum flumin, Caes. 
 B. C. 1, jO: r. lu/rsts, r. equi. Ov V. 5, 
 592: r. poison, r. venenum, Tac. A. 12, 
 67 ; r. virus, ib. i}, 15. Fig. : a r. (im- 
 petuous) speech, r. oratio, Cic. Fin. 2. i, J. 
 
 2. cSltr, 6ris, e v swikt. 3. 
 citus, citatus: v. hckrieu. 
 
 rapidity' 1. cfl6: lias (most usu. 
 word) to travel v ith Uie r.of a t'aetar, 
 Caesadna uti olcriiaie, Cic .\li 16,10: 
 r. in speaking, c. diccndi, id. Fl. 20. 48 : 
 practice vill give r. in viiting, celeri- 
 tatem scribendi consuetiido ilabii, (^iilnL 
 10, ;, 9. 2. festinaiio. v hlrbt. 
 
 3. rapiditas (of that 1/ Aic/i cairiM 
 things away with it): the r. of a river, 
 T. fluminis, Caes. B. C. i, 6j. 4. ^5- 
 locitas: V. swiftness, QUiCKNEsa. 
 
 rapidly : rSplde, ceieriter, clto, vg. 
 lociter : v. swiftly, (juicklv. 
 
 rapier : perh. piigio .- v. dagger. 
 (bnsiculus, PI. Hud. 4, 4, 112, appears 
 to occur there only.) 
 
 rapine : rapina to think of nothing 
 but slaughter, fire, r., nihil cogitare, nisi 
 caedes, nisi incendia, nisi r., Cic. Cat. 2, 
 5, 10: v. pllndeb. 
 
 rapt (part, adj.) : expr. by stfipeo, 
 2 : to listen tcith r. admiration to music, 
 carminibus stupere, Hor. Od. 2, U, )}: 
 so of joy, gaudio stupere, Coel. in QuioL 
 9. J. 58. 
 
 rapture: I. Hapturous joy : tju- 
 mus exsultans or gestlens Uetitia, Cic 
 Tusc. 4, 6, I] : gestieiilis animi elatlo, 
 id. Fin. J, 10, };. Phr.: to be in a r. 
 of delight : gaudio efferri : laelltia ex- 
 sultare ; gaudiis exsultare : v. jot, 
 TRANSPORT. II. hxtrtme pleasure : 
 
 expr. by circunil , summa volnptas; 
 suavissimus volupiatis seiisus ; volupl*8 
 gestiens (eager, excited enjoyment) : v. 
 pleasure. Phr.: to be in r.s (of plea- 
 sure), summa [corporis, animij voluplate 
 iiicitatum teneri, cf. Cic Sen. 12, 41. 
 II, Fremy, ecstacy : fliror : v. 
 
 FBENZT, ECSTASY. 
 
 rapturous : P h r. : to 6* in a state 
 
 of r. delight, laetitia efferri or exsulure, 
 Cic : V. rapture (1.). 
 
 rare : I. •'Harce, uncommon : 1, 
 rarus: in every art all that is best it 
 most r., in omni arte optimum quid- 
 quid rarissimuni, Cic. Kin. 2, 25, 8i : 
 r. things are preferred to common "»ia,^ 
 ante ponuntur raia vulgaribus, id. I'op. 
 18,69: ar. and unusual thing, rarum 
 et insolitum, Plin. Piin., 60 : a rare 
 bird (the peactick), rara avis, Hor. S, 
 2, 2, 26: also used tig. to denote any- 
 thing very rare, Juv. 6, 165. 2, infr*- 
 quens : a r. vnrd. in. vocabulum, Gell. 
 2, 22. 3. Iniisllatus: v. cnusuau 
 II. Excellent: 1. rarus (noi so 
 in best age ; and chi-fly poet.): she vat 
 a r. girl. r. puella fuii. Prop, i, 17, 16: 
 a work of r. art, ariis opus rarae, Tib. 
 }, 4. J7- 2. e.\imius: (a woman) of 
 r. beauty, exiniiae pulcritudinis. Plin. 
 3. slngiilaris.egreglus, praeslans: v. 
 remarkable, excellent. III. Thin: 
 1. tenuis, e ( line, tubtU) : a r. atmo- 
 sphere, t. aer. Cic N. I>. 2, 16, 42: Ib. i, 
 i; 42. 2. ranis (vilh widf inter- 
 stices, not clvseli/ packed) : Lucr. 2, 106: 
 (i/iise and r. places (Milton), •densa et 
 rara locoruni : v. thin. |V. Thinly 
 
 scattered (Milton): rarus: r. locks of 
 hair, r. c.ipillus. Suet. CaL 60. V. 
 .Xearli/ raw (DT\iiei\): succrudus: Cat. 
 
 rarefaction : extenuatlo : r. of the 
 air. ex. ^leris. .^n. y. N". 2. 57- (N.B.— 
 " Karefactio ■■ Is am cla-ssical, though 
 the verb " rarefacio " is used by Lucr.) 
 
 rarefy ; 1. exienuo, i : the r.'d 
 6i9
 
 RARELY 
 
 RATE 
 
 RATHER 
 
 air is carried up aloft, but ichen con- 
 densed it is gathered into clouds, aer 
 exlenuatus sublime fertur, concretus au- 
 tem in nnbes cogitur, Cic. N. I). 2, jg, 
 loi. 2. rarefiScio, ; (rare; and hardly 
 to be adopted): the Ueat laoiens and r.'s 
 all the eartlien niaterials of the wssel, 
 calor conlaxat rareqne tacit latoraniina 
 vasts, Lucr. 6, liJ: the sun with his 
 rays has r.'d the earth, sol radiis terrani 
 rarefecit, ib. 6, B'jo: it icould avail no- 
 thing for hot fire to be condensed or r.'d, 
 nil prodesset calidum denserier igiiem 
 nee rarefieri, ib. i, 647. To become rai r. 
 fied : raresco, j : the liquid of uattr 
 becomes r.'d bt/ the lieat of the sun, aquai 
 humor rarescit ab aestu soils, ib. 6, 8";;. 
 (Dsu. better, extenuari.) 
 
 rarely: 1. raro: n-ine isr.good 
 for the sick, vinum aegrotis prodest r., 
 Cic. N. P. J, 27, 69 : mm-e r., rarius : Cic. : 
 veryrarelg: rarissime: Siiet. Strength- 
 ened, perraro : Cic. Join: insolenter 
 et raro: Cic. 2. infrequens {adj. 
 
 capable of quasi-adverbial use, cf. L. G., 
 ^ J4J): I o,'"^ »■• "* Rome: sum Romae 
 infrequens, Cic. Q. Fr. j, 9, 4. 
 
 rarity or rareness : I. Unconu 
 monness : 1. raritas : r. of rvords, r. 
 dictorum, Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 247. 2. 
 paucitas : V. fewne.s.s. ||, A rare 
 thing : 1, raritas (late) : rarities, ra- 
 ritates, Gell. j, 16, 9. 2- *res rara ; res 
 singularis s. e.ximia, quae raro occurrit. 
 
 rascal : 1. scglestus : i/nu »-., see- 
 leste ! PI. : you arrant r., scelestissime, 
 id. passim. Join: O scelestum atque 
 andacem hominem! Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 42. 
 2. scelus, eris (abstract for concrete) : 
 where is that r. who has ruined met 
 ubi illic est scelus qui me perdidit? Ter. 
 And. J, 5. I. 3. furcifer {gallons- 
 bird) : Ter. : Cic. Join: impudice, 
 sceleste, verbero, bustirape, furcifer, PI. 
 Ps. I, J, 127. 4. homo nequani, fl.a- 
 gltiosus, etc. : Join: homo flagitiosis- 
 simus, libidinosissimus, nequissimusque, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 78, 192. 5. flagiiium 
 (ahstract for concrete): thai r. of a fel- 
 low', f. illud hominis, Pi. Cas. 2, i, 8. 
 6. verbgro (a fellow that has often 
 been whipped) : PI. : Cic. 
 
 rascality : I. yiUainy .- scelus or 
 pi. scelera ; malitia : v. wickedness, 
 viLLAiNT, KXAVERV. ||. Vile, mean 
 people : the r. and lowest of the people 
 (Louth), perditissima atque infima faex 
 populi, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, ; ; sordes urbis 
 et fae.x, id. Att. i, 16, 11: pemiciosa 
 sentina reipublicae, id. Cat. i, ;, 12. 
 
 rascally ("'O) • scelestus,flagili6sus, 
 nequaiu (ol persons') : v. bascal. 
 
 rase : I. ^^ strike on the surface, 
 to graze (Shaks.) : stringo, j : v. to 
 GRAZE. II, To scrat<:h out • erado, 5 : 
 V'. TO ERASE. III. ToUveltothegrourui: 
 Phr. : (urbem) aequare solo, Veil. 2, 
 14; urbem fundilus delere et tollere, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, ;6, 79 id. Off. t, 11, !5 : to 
 r. all the public and private buildings, 
 publica privataque omnia tecta adae- 
 quare solo, Liv. i, 29. 
 
 rash, (adj.) : |. Hasty in counsel 
 or action (ot persons) ; 1. tgmerarius : 
 r. and inexperienced men, homines t. 
 atque imperiti, Caes. B. G. 6, 20 : / am 
 not so r. or daring, non sura tam t. nee 
 •ludax, Mart. 4, 4?, 2. 2. praeceps. 
 cipTtis {rushing headlong, precipitate) : 
 r. in all counsels, omnibus consiliis p., 
 Cic. Phil. ?, I ;. ?7 : v. precipitate. 
 
 3. inconsid6ratus: Join: levis 
 atque inconsideratus, Cic. Div 2. 27, 59- 
 
 4. inconsultus (like inconsideratus, 
 less strong than Eng.) : Join: (homo) 
 inconsultus et temerarius, Cic. Deiot. 6, 
 16. II. Undeiiaken or uttered hastily 
 (of things or words) : 1, temerarius : 
 a r. plan, t. consilium, Cic. Fam. 10, 21 : 
 r. and dangerous things, t. et periculo.sa, 
 id. Caec. 12, 24 : )■. valour, t. virtus, Ov. 
 M. 8, 407 : r. wars, t. bella. id. M. 1 1, i J : 
 passion, a blind and r, ruler of the soul, 
 caeca ac t. dominatri.x animi, cupiditas, 
 Cic. Inv. I, 2, 2. 2. praeceps, cipiiis: 
 a r. and hasty plan, p. consilium et im- 
 maturum. Suet. Aug. 8 : v. precipitate. 
 
 3, inconsideratus. inconsultus • v. 
 640 
 
 ikconsiderate, thoughtless. 4. c^- 
 lidus {hot, hasty) ; dangerous and r. plans, 
 periculosa et c. consilia (opp. to quieta 
 et cogitata), Cic. Off. I, 24, 32. 
 
 rash {subs.) : on the skin : eruptio, 
 pustiilae (pilsiilae) : v. eruption (II.). 
 A r. that comes out in the night, epinyc- 
 tides, um : Plin. 20, 6, 21. 
 
 rasher {subs), perh. *lardi offiila. 
 
 rashly : 1. tem^re {xvithout think- 
 ing, heedlessly) : Cic. : Caes. ; Liv. 2. 
 inconsiderate ; Cie. 3. inconsulie or 
 -to, Cic. : Join- temere et fortuito, 
 inconsiderate negligenterque [agere],Cic. 
 Off. I, 29, 10} ; inconsulte ac temere, 
 [dlcere], id. N. D. I, 16. 4! ; inconsulte 
 et incaute [proelium commlttere], Liv. 
 
 rashness: 1. tememas: every 
 action ought to be free from r. and 
 carelessness, oninis actio vacare debet 
 temeritate et negligentia, Cic. Off. i, 29. 
 TCI : he blames the r. and eagerness of 
 the soldiers, t. cupiditatemque militum 
 reprehendit, Caes. B. G. 7, 52 : r. is cha- 
 racteristic of youth, prudence of old age, 
 t. est florentis aetatis, prudentia sene- 
 seentis, Cic. Sen. 6, 20 : Join: temeritas 
 atque inscitia ; temeritas atque insci- 
 entia, Liv. ; multa temeritate [facere], 
 sine judicio vel modo, Cic. Off. i, 15, 49. 
 2. inconsiderantia (rare) : Cic. 
 
 rasp {subs.) : a large fde : scobina : 
 PI. in V^arr. L. L. 7, i, 68" : Plin. II, J7, 
 68 i i8o. 
 
 rasp (^0 •■ scobina rado s. arrado : 
 PI. in Varr. L. L. 7, 5, 68, MUller. 
 
 rasp-berry : I. I'l^e {>"«'' •• '"''"» 
 Idaeus: Plin. 24, 14, 75 ^ I2J: Linn. 
 II. The fruit: perh. "morum Idaeum 
 (cf. Plin. i;, 24, 27, " mora nascuntiir 
 et in rubis;" Ov. M. I, 10;, " in duris 
 haerentia mora rubetis;" though these 
 mora are prob. blackberries). Raspberry- 
 vinegar : * ace turn e moris Idaeis pala- 
 tum s. confectuni. 
 
 rasure: litura: v. erasure. 
 
 rat: 1. mOs, nmris, c. : used by 
 the ancients of the rat as well as the 
 nviuse : there are two species of rats in 
 England: {\) the black rat : •musrattus, 
 Linn. : *mns d<imesticus major, Ray : 
 (2) the brown or Xornay rat : *mus de- 
 cumanus, Pallas, Gmelin • *mus Norve- 
 gicus, Brisson. To hunt rats : mures 
 insectari : a water-rat, *mus aquations 
 a small rat, niuseulus, Cic. : of a rat, 
 murinus, Plin. : a rat-catcher, raiiri- 
 cidus, PI. : a rat-trap, niuscipula or 
 -pulum : V. mouse-trap. Rat's-bane, 
 *arsenicum. 2. perh. s6rex, icis: Ter. 
 Eun. 5, 6, 2J : Varr. : Plin. : of a rat, 
 sorlcinus. Plant. Pro v.: I smell a 
 rat, i. e. suspect some evil : aliquid 
 mihi subolet, PI. Ps. i, 5, 7 : Ter. I'h. 
 J, I, i». 
 
 rat (''•) ■" to 90 over from one political 
 party to another, ab pristina parte trans- 
 fugere et ad fiorentem aliam devolare : 
 cf. Cic. Quint. 29, 9J. 
 
 rate (subs.) .- |. Price or ralue : 
 1. pretium : to buy anything at a 
 high r., aliquid impeiiso parare p., Caes. 
 B. 6. 4. 2: pretioso pretio, PI. Epid. i, 2, 
 17. P h r. : to buy at a high r. or low r., 
 emere magno or parvo (without pretio) : 
 V. L. G. ^ Ji6, Obs. 2: or with gen., 
 to sell at a higher or lower r., vendere 
 pluris or minoris : v. L. G. ^ 281 : v. 
 PRICE. 2. fenus, iisura {rate of in- 
 terest): V. interest. ||. a tax : census, 
 vectigal, tribiitum : v. tax. |||, J/aji- 
 ner : modus : he resolved to accomplish 
 his design at any r., statuit quovis 
 modo inceptum perfieere. Sail. J. 11 : 
 so, quocunque modo. Hor. : v. mannfr. 
 Phr.- at any r., utique: I should like 
 you to se7id the panegyric of \'arro and 
 Lollius , of Lolhus at any r., Varronis 
 et Lollii mittas laudationem ; Lollii 
 utique, Cic. Alt. I ?, 48 : / u-ish to knov; 
 that at any r., illud utique scire eupio, 
 ib. I!, ij • to live at a great r., profusis 
 siimtibus vivere, Cic. Quint, jo, 9J : to 
 sail at a great r., plenissimis veils 
 navigare, Nizol. Lex. Cic. : a first-rale 
 ship, * navis maximae formae. 
 
 rate (•'•) • I- '"" value at a certain 
 
 price : 1. taxo. i : Varro r.s the Attic 
 talent at 6000 denarii, talentum Atti- 
 cuni denariis sex millibus taxat, Plin. 
 55, II, 40 5 Ij6. 2, aestimo, i: v. 
 
 TO estimate, value. Phr.- to r any 
 one highly, aliquem magni facere, Cic. 
 Fam. J, 10. II, To tax : censeo, ui, 
 sum, V. TO ASSESS, TAX. |||, To chide, 
 scold : increpo, inereplto, objurgo, l : v- 
 
 TO CHIDE, SCOLD. 
 
 rather: I. -^^ preference: 1. 
 potius; with superl. potisslmum {rather 
 than any other, where more than two 
 objects are compared) : tell us r. the 
 mattei- as it stands, rem potius ipsam 
 die, Ter. Andr. 5, j, 2 : r. late than never, 
 potius sero quani nunquam, Liv. 4,2. 
 he endured everything r. Hum declare. . ., 
 perpessus est omnia potius quam indi- 
 caret (where ut is not used), Cic. Tusc. 
 2, 22, 52; Virginius slew his daughter 
 r. than she should be given up, oeeidit 
 filiam potius quam ea dederetur, ib. 2. 
 20, 66 : also with ut : that they rvould 
 die a thousand limes r. than allovj so 
 gieat a disgrace to be incmred, se mil- 
 lies morituros potius quam ut tantum 
 dedecus admitti patiantur, Liv. 4, 2; 
 their fm-efathers would encounter any- 
 thing r. tlian suffer .... majores quam- 
 liliet dimieationem subituros fuisse po- 
 tius quam . . .paterentur, Liv. 4, 2 (where 
 ut is not used) : tvhich course of life of 
 all they would r. follow, quera potissi- 
 mum vitae cursum sequi vellent, Cie. 
 Off. I, ;?, 119. 2, eitius {sooner, 
 
 more readily) : the Magnesians would 
 r. maltreat their oun bodies than break 
 their alliance, Magnetas in corpora sua 
 c. saevituros, quam ut Romanam ami- 
 citiam violarent, Liv. i;, ji : also with- 
 out ut : / would r. have l/roken off 
 the old association than have formed 
 a new one, ego e. veterem conJun<> 
 tioneni diremissem, quam novam con- 
 ciliassem, Cic. Fam. j, 10. 3. lih- 
 
 enlius {with the more pleasure, mare 
 gladly) : so much the r. because . . . , eo 1. 
 
 quod Nep. Ages. 6 : or if you 
 
 would r. be called Janus, seu Jane L 
 audis, Hor. S. 2, 6, 20 : 1 would r. speak 
 of Scipio, de Scipione dicam I., Cie. Am. 
 25. 4. prius(te/'o)e something else; 
 thus implying preference without di- 
 rectly expressing it) : the consuls were 
 prepared to act as leaders against the 
 wickedness of the citizens, r. than 
 against the arms of the enemy, eonsules 
 paratos esse duces p. adversus scelus 
 civium quam adversus bostium arma, 
 Liv. 4, 2 : Gracchus would r. die by tlie 
 severest death than tliat an executioner 
 should stand in an assembly of his, 
 moreretur p. acerbissima morte Grac- 
 chus, quam in ejus contione eamifex 
 consisteret, Cic. Riibir. 5, i5- 5. expr. 
 to have rather or in preference, by malo. 
 }, irr.: miilo, I had r. (pres. indie., 
 usu. of things certain; pres. subj., of 
 things uncertain ; imperf. subj., of things 
 unattainable; see Zumpt, L. G. $ 528; 
 St. L. G. $ 446, 06s.) .- / had much r. 
 
 abide by my own judgment than 
 
 meo judicio . . . stare multo m. quam om- 
 nium reliquorum, Cic. Att. 12, 21 : I had 
 much r. you should be safe, raullo m. vos 
 salvos esse, liiv. h 68 : those who had r. 
 trust themselves to a reado: qui se lectori 
 credere malunt, Hor. Ep. 2, i, 214: / 
 would r. you had given me riches (L e., 
 but have no hope of them), mallem 
 d!vitiasmihidedisses,Cat.2i, 4: /would 
 r. take away (i. e., if I ha/1 the means), 
 mallem auferre potius, Ter. Ad. 2. 2, 14. 
 II. With reference to a point of lact, 
 more truly ; with greater propriety of 
 language : 1, magis : I envy not, I r. 
 admire, non equidem inrideo, miror m., 
 Virg. E. I, II : passion is lo be pardoned 
 r. than indulged, irae ignoseendum m. 
 quam indulgendum, Liv. j, 5?: the tri- 
 bunate u to be wished for r. than ex- 
 pected, optandus m. quam sperandus, id. 
 4, 15- 2. pOtius : (Cato) a great, or r., 
 a consummate and unique man, magnus 
 homo, vel p. suramus et singularis vir, 
 Cic. Br. 85, 29J. 3. in lively con- 
 versation, immo (imo), immo vero, imma
 
 RATIFICATION 
 
 RATI () H 
 
 R ATTLS 
 
 Snimvero, immoetlam: (on the contrary, 
 yea r.. correcting what has been said) : 
 (dot* she remember Mnesilochus f), r. 
 doet she value him atone above every- 
 thing, 1. unice uuum plurimi peiidit, 
 PI. Bac. I, 2, 29 : {is the cause not a good 
 onef), nay r. it is excellent, i. oplinia, 
 Cic Att. 9, 7 t (sliall the son remain 
 tilent /), yea r. ivill he entreat . . . . , 
 
 i. vero oteecrabit Cic. Off. }, 2}, 
 
 90 : yea r. on tlie contrary, imnio edepol 
 vero, PI. Most, j, 2, -ji): (li/j you thus 
 deceive this manT), yea r. he deceives 
 me, imnio enimvero .... hie me decipll, 
 Ter. Piiorm. }, 2, 4?. 4. fiuiii, quin 
 etiam, quiti immo (like preced., but used 
 to carry on what lias been said by the 
 same speaker)- r. do I myself desire to 
 take flight Itmce, quin hinc ipse evolare 
 cupio, Cic. Fan). 7, jo : r. do you listen, 
 q. tu audi, PI. Bac. 2, ?, 42 : yea r. 
 ought he. to defend his father, q. etiam 
 defendat patrein, Cic. Off. j, Zi, 90: yea 
 r. when Caepio rose . . .he teas cli^ered 
 (contrary to the usual practice), q. immo 
 tonsurgenti (Caepioni) .... acclaiiiatum 
 est, Plin, Ep. 4, 9. (N.B.— In both 1. 
 and II. magis or potius is sometimes 
 omitted, and quani alone use<l : e. g. 
 he determined to engage r. than retreat, 
 statuit congredi, quam refugere, Nep. 
 Dat. 8 : a silent voman is a jeuel r. 
 than a tallcative, tacita bona est muller, 
 quam loquens, PI. Rud. 4, 4, "jo : r. let 
 
 me live a widoiv than endure quin 
 
 vidua vivam quam mores luos perferam, 
 PL Merc. 5, i, 26. But this idiom is 
 better not imitated.) Phr. : so far is 
 
 this from being the case that r 
 
 tantum abest ut . . . , ut . . . , Cic. Am. 14, 
 
 51:1/ tliat is a luw and not r si ilia 
 
 lex est, ac non , Auct. dom. 50, 128 : 
 
 so that yiiu nould call him a guide r. 
 than a companion, ut ducem non comi- 
 tem diceres, Cic. Am. 25. 96. |||, In 
 some degree ; considerably : 1. c.\pr. 
 by cump. adj. or adv. : r. slow, tardior, 
 Cic Sen. 6, 20 : a r. severe judge, judex 
 duriur, id. Fin. 2, 19, 62 : this man lives 
 r. frugally, parcius hie vivit, ib. 49. 
 2. use verl), adj., or adv., compoundi'd 
 with sub: I was r. ashamed, eorum me 
 subpudebat, Cic. Fam. 9, I . r. disre- 
 spectfully, subcontumeliose, Cic. Att. 2, 
 "] ; r. angry, subiratus, Cic. de Or. i, 16, 
 72 : r. obscure, subobscTirus, id. Br. 27, 
 67 : r. high meat, caro subrancida, id. 
 in Pis. 27, 67. 3. pa.nlo {a little; us«. 
 with comparatives) : r. earlier than Vie 
 seasim required, maturius p. quam tem- 
 pus anni postulabat, Caes. B. G. i, i, 54: 
 he ivill use this ornament r. more freely 
 
 hoc omamento libcrius p. quam 
 
 ceteris utetur, Cic. Or. 24,82 ; r. too far, 
 p. longius, Caes. B. G. 2, 20 : / know 'that 
 r. more men in the senate are ill-natured 
 than grateful, cognovi p. phires . . . 
 malevolos esse quam gratos, Cic. ad 
 Brut. 1,15, med. : when he drinks r. too 
 much, ubi adbibit plus p., Ter. Heaut. 2, 
 I, 8 : if one (damsel) is r. stouter (than 
 the rest), si qua est habitior p., Ter. Kun. 
 2> J, 2J: r. higher in 7ank than a private 
 man, p. amplius quam privatus, Cic. 
 Verr. Act. 1, ij, J7 : r. more than 200 
 paces from the camp, p. plus ducentos 
 passus a castris Itomaiiis, Liv. ji, J4 : 
 to he absmt from home r. longer (than 
 Usual), ab domo p. diutius abesse, liv. 5, 
 
 4. 4, aliquantum, alIquanto(cf/nsi(i«r- 
 ably, a good deal ; expressing more than 
 paulo): the form ali(iuanto being used 
 only with comparatives: aformr. larger 
 and more majestic than tliat of a man, 
 forma aliquantum amplior augustior- 
 que Ininiana, I.iv. 1,7: his brother is r. 
 more tagerly set on tlie object, ejus fraier 
 aliquantum ad rem est avidior, Ter. Kun. 
 I, 2, 51 : perhaps lie vas r. more severe 
 than he Ul:ed, Ibrtasse aliquanto inlquior 
 erat praeter ejus ilbidinem, Ter. Heaut. 
 1, 2, 27. 
 
 ratification: 1. expr. by ratum 
 facid : v. t« Katifv. 2. sanctio 
 
 (f'irmal enactment) : the r. of a trtaty, 
 
 5. foederis, Cic. Balb. 16, j6. 3. only of 
 a private agrennent, ratlhilbUio (late) : 
 Jul. Dig. }, 5, 5 : r. u compared to a 
 
 potitive command, r. mandato com- 
 paratur, Ulp. ib. 46, J. 12. 
 
 rati& : 1. e.xpr. by ratus (con- 
 firmed, valid), with a verb; as, babeu, 
 ducu, facio, etc. : to r. a judgment, ratum 
 halx-re judicium, Cic. Part. j6, 125: he 
 would not treat as deserters those vho 
 did not regard the alliance as r.'d, non 
 pro transfugis habiturum, qui non dux- 
 erlnl societatem ratam, Liv. 27, 17 : 
 may each deity r. your prayers, efficiaiit 
 ratas utraque Diva pfcces, Ov. KasL I, 
 696 : he r.'d it by the icateis of .Styx, 
 ratum Stygii per flumina fratris annuit, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 104 : tliat ought not to be 
 r.'d uhich was done by violence, non 
 debnit ratum esse quod erat actum per 
 vim, Cic. Off. }, JO, no: the fatlier r.'d 
 tlve prayers of the son, parens nati rata 
 vota .... fecit, Ov. Met. 4, $87 : what a 
 father approved is r.'d (stands good), 
 . ... if he approves not, it is not r.'d 
 (annulled), quod paterfamilias .... ap- 
 probavii, ratum est; quod eo insciente 
 factum est, si is non approbat, ratum 
 non est, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 50. 2. apprSbo, 
 compr6bo, i (to approve and establish) : 
 custom would not have r.'d that saying 
 without reason, neque enim lllud verbum 
 temere consuetudo approbavisset, Cic. 
 Div. I, ji, 65 : this treaty which the 
 Roman people .... r.s. hoc foedus, quod 
 P. K. auctore senatu .... comprobat, 
 Cic. Balb. 15, }?. 3. sancio, xi and 
 ivi, ctum and citum, 4 (to enact and 
 confirm solemnly or formally) : Uie 
 father who r.s treaties by his lightning, 
 genitor.qui foedera lulmine s., Virg. Aen. 
 12, 200. nothing can be invitiable which 
 is not r.'d by the people, sacrosanctum 
 esse nihil potest, nisi quod populus 
 plebesve sanxisset, Cic. Balb. 14, }j : 
 Antony was canvassing the veterans, 
 to get them to r. the acts of Caesar, 
 Antonius circumibat veteranos, ut acta 
 
 Cae.saris sanclrent [ut rata omnes 
 
 haberent], Cic. Att. 14, 21. 4. con- 
 firmo, 1 (to establish surely and in- 
 violably) : to r. peace vith the nearest 
 states, pacem cum proximis civitatibus 
 c, Caes. B. G. I, J : so, decreta c, Nep. 
 Phoc. J. Join: confirmare et com- 
 probare, Cic. Att. 16, 16, I). 
 
 rating : I. ^/ property -. 1. 
 taxatio : we mode a r. of that business, 
 ejus rci t nos f"cimus, Cic. TuU. fr. 4 : 
 (o table valued) at the r. of an estate, 
 latifundii taxatione, Pliii. N. H. ij, 15, 
 29 $ 92 to serve as a r., t. vicem ob- 
 tinere. Dig. jj, 6, 5. 2. aesiTmatio 
 (valuation) : the r. of corn, frumenti a., 
 Liv. 4J, 2 : Cic. Verr. j, 91, 21} ; the r. 
 of the censors' list, a. con>us, Cic. Par. 
 6, }. II. Scolding. 1, cimvicium 
 (loud outcry): Cic. Att. 2, 18. 2. 
 objurcatio (sco?tZin5r); ib. j, 10. 
 
 ratio : v. propoktios. 
 
 ratiocination: riitiocinatio: v.bea- 
 
 soNrNt;. 
 
 ratiocinative ) ratiocinativus : Cic. 
 
 rationator < Inv i, ij, 17 (ex eo 
 quod scriplum est, aliud, quod non scrip- 
 turn est inveniri, ratiocinativum genus 
 . . . nominamus). Join: ratiocinativa 
 atque coUectiva [quaestio], Quint. 7, i, 
 60. 
 
 ration : |. a fixed portion of 
 
 food or dyink given to slaves. 1. de- 
 nieiisum (dimensum), .'c. frumentum : 
 I'er. Ph. 1,1,9: PL : by analogy, he 
 restored to the senators their »-.. sena- 
 toribus .... dimensum restltuit, Ael. 
 Span. Hadr. 7. 2. diarium ; also pi. 
 diaria, orum : Hor. Lp. i, i. 40 the 
 servants demand their rs, pueri diaria 
 poscunt. Mart. 1 1, 109, }. 3. diurnus 
 cibus or victus : by defrauding Uie 
 slaves of a portion of their daily r., 
 fraudando parte d. cibi servltia, Liv. 4, 
 12: prevented from seeking their daily 
 r., diurnum victum prohiblti quaerere. 
 Suet. Ner. j6 : also with subs, under- 
 siood. Sen. Ep. 80. 8. ||. Soldiers' 
 proi-isions : 1. cibaria, orum : cooted 
 r.s for 10 days, decent dierum cocta 
 c, Liv. 21, 49: r.s for 17 days, ciba- 
 ria decem et septeni (dierum). AeL 
 Lampr. Sev. 47. 2. melon, annoma: 
 a T 
 
 he gave rj to the orators, oraloribot 
 annonas dedit, Ael. Lampr. lb. 44 : rjt 
 for 17 days, annona decem dierum et 
 septem, .Viiim. Marc 17, 9 a^^o/'^ [he 
 so arranged Uie SfAdiers) that t/iey mujlit 
 receive titeir rations in their barrar-ks. 
 ut in mansionibus annonas accipereni, 
 Ael. Lampr. Sev. 47. Phr.: receiving 
 public r.s alimentariae (puellae): Capii. 
 .\nton. Pi. 8. Phr.: double rj, dupl'-x 
 frumentum, Liv. 7, J7 
 
 rational : |. Possessing reason -. 
 1. e.\pr. by ratio, men^, animus, 
 under government of an adj. : e. g. ra- 
 tionis jiarticeps (opp. expers), Cic. Off. i, 
 4, II : cf. I.«g. 2, 7, 16: animu praedituii, 
 Cic. X. D. I, 8, 18. So with a. verb, to 
 be r„ rationem habere, ib. j, 10, 26. and 
 Les. 1. c. 2. rationalis, e, late ; all ani- 
 mals are eiVurr r. or irrationaX, omnia 
 animalia aul r. ant irratlonalia. Sen. Kp. 
 1 1 J, 14: Quint. 8,6, U. 3. Intelligens, 
 ntis (denoting something more than pre- 
 cedd., and implying the active exeivite nf 
 reason): v. intei.lkjkst. Phr.: to tx 
 conscious and r., sentire atque inteiii- 
 gere, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 29. jj. Agrees 
 able to reason: 1. consentaneus (lit. 
 agreeable ; i. e. to reason) : it is r. to 
 suppose) that they are possessed of tenia 
 and understanding, c. est in iis sensum 
 inesse et inielligentiam, Cic. N. D. 2, n, 
 42. 2. prdbabilis, e (that commendg 
 itself to one's judgment): tliat of which 
 a r. account may be given, cujus p. ratio 
 reddi potest, Cic Fin. ?, 17, 58. 3. 
 expr. to be r., by convSnio, veni, 4 (to 
 agree, hold together) : it is by no means 
 r.. minime convenlt, Cic. Firu }, 20, 66. 
 (N. B. — Rationabilis occurs in both 
 senses, viz. I. and II., but is late and 
 rare.) 
 
 rationalism: I. Thecry founded 
 on rtason (in good sense), rationalis 
 discipliiia, Cels. i, pr(X)em. 24- ||. In 
 bad sense eorum opinio qui bominum 
 ratione omnia comprehendi censent, see 
 Cic. Tim. 2, J. (But as phil. t. t. *r»- 
 lionalismus [qui diciiur, fertur] may be 
 necessary.) 
 
 rationalist : 's qui omnia ratione 
 bumana comprehendi censet : v. ratio- 
 nalism. (Perh. as phil. t. t., the Ra- 
 tio^>alists, *Rationales, qui dicuniur.) 
 
 rationality: 1. ratio: v. keason. 
 
 2, sanitas (soundness of mind or 
 body) : it deprives tlie mind of r., sani- 
 tate spoliat animum, Cic. Tusc 4, 10, 
 2;. (Rational itas, rationabilitas, late 
 and to l>e avoided.) 
 
 rationally; 1. ratione (modal 
 
 abl.) : you have acted r. in shutting 
 yourself up at home, quod domi te in- 
 clusisti, r. fecisti, Cic. Att. 12, 44 : be 
 assured that .Saevius luas done every- 
 thing at Rome properly and r., exis- 
 tima...modo et r. omnia Romae Nae- 
 vium fecisse, id. Quint. 7, 28. 2. 
 
 sane (in a sober and sensible manner): 
 I shall revel not more r. than the Edoni, 
 non ego siinius bacchabor Edonis, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 7, 26. (In prose, however, sane is 
 usu. adv. of affinnation, indeed, truly.) 
 3. siipienter: v. wisklt. (IUUo- 
 naliter, rationabihter, Ute and to be 
 avoided, except perh. in philos. lang.) 
 
 ratline ; naval term : gradus sca- 
 luruiu (or simply, scalae) quibus aJ 
 malos asceiiclitiir,cf. Cic. Sen. 6, 17 ; and 
 Diet. Antiq. p. 787. 
 
 rattle (subs.); \. a ratUing 
 
 noise: 1. crepitus, us (any brisk, 
 
 sharp noise): r. of metal, c. aeris, Liv. 
 4!, 10; if arms, amiorum c, id. j8, 17, 
 init : used to denote a dap of thunder, 
 PI. Amph. ;, 1, II. 2. slrfpUus, us 
 (a harsh loud noise or din) : r. of 
 uheels, s. rouirum, Caes. B. G. 4, ?J ; 0/ 
 doors, valvarum s., Hor. Sat. 2, 6. 112 
 
 3. sonitus, lis (most gen. term) : v. 
 sotTMi", Kol.-<E. 4. frigor, oris: v. 
 CKASH. II. -i kind nf Uy , children's 
 rj: 1. crCpliacillum, Lucr. j, 2?o: /« 
 make a sound tike a r., sonum rcddere 
 piiene puerilium c. Quint. 9. 4.66. 2. 
 crOt.llum (use<l In certain noisy riles): 
 cymbals and r.s, cymbila ac c, Cic in 
 Pis. 0, 2o . to make a din with i-ymbak 
 
 641
 
 RATTLE 
 
 RAVISH 
 
 RAT 
 
 and r.s, cymbalis et crotalis personare, 
 Ap. Met. 8, 24, 212 (Elm.). 
 
 rattle ('••) •• |. Lit.: 1. crgpo, 
 ui, itum. I {tomakeaciackling, rattling, 
 or other like noise) : of applause, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 17, 26 : pcipulus (crepuit sonuni) : 
 0/ thunder, Ov. Fast. 2, 501 (nubes cre- 
 puere sinistrae). Covips. (1) concrfipo, 
 I (to r. together, clash together), lAv. 28, 
 29. (2) iiicrgpo, I (to r. against), Virg. 
 Aen. 12, }J2. 2. frequent, crgpito, i : 
 r.ing cymbals, crepitantia aera, Virg. G. 
 4, 151 : so of hail, Virg. Aen. 5, 458, 
 nimbi grandine culmiiiibus crepitant. 
 3. sono, ui, itum, i (gen. term) : 
 
 V. TO SOUND, BESOUND. 4. Strepo, 
 
 ui, itum, J (to make a loud Itaish 
 noise): v. noise (to make). ||, Fig., 
 to r. aiiHiy (of a chatterer) : 1, gar- 
 rio, 4 : Hor. Sat. i, 9, i j. 2. blatSro, 
 I : ib. 2, 7, J5 : v. to prate. 
 
 rattler : i- e- f<^t talker : blatero, 
 garritor : v. chattekf.e, prateb. 
 
 rattlesnake : *cr6talua horridus 
 Eng. Cycl. 
 
 rattling (.subs.): crepitus: v. rat- 
 tle (subs.). 
 
 rattling (adj.) •• P h r. .- o r. fellow, 
 biatgro (v. rattleb) : a r. dose of me- 
 dicine, nimis valens medicamentum, 
 Cels. I, J. 
 
 ravage («■) •• 1. vasto, \: to r. 
 
 lands tvith fire and suxrrd, agros ferro 
 ignique v., Liv. j, 58 . also absol.,/or the 
 pui-pose of r.ing, vastandi causa, Caes. 
 B G. 5, 19. Comps. (1) evasto, i (to 
 destroy by r.ing) : Liv. 8, {7 (Samnium 
 evastatum). (2), pervasto, 1 (to r. 
 greatly) : Liv. 8, 57. 2. populor, 
 
 less freq. populo (populor most com- 
 mon) (not implying such wholesale de- 
 struction as preced.): the weevil r.s a 
 huge heap of grain, populat (poet.) 
 ingentem farris acervum curculio, Virg. 
 G. I, 185 : he r.d the fields by night, 
 noctu populabatur agros, Cic. OS. 1, 10, 
 jj : provinces r.d, populatae provinciae, 
 Cic. Caec. j, 7. The strengthened part, 
 form occurs, populabundus, engaged in 
 ravaging: Liv. i, 15. camp. (1) depo- 
 pulor, I (strengthened from simple verb) : 
 Liv. }}, 22 : Caes. B. G. 7, 77 (depopulata 
 Gallia). (2) perpopulor, i (tor. greatly): 
 Liv. 22, 9 (peipopulato agro): ib. 54, 
 28 (perpopulatus omnia loca). (N.B. — 
 Neither the simple verb nor the comps. 
 should be used pass. e.\cept in p. part.) 
 3. rapio, dirlpio, j : v. to pillage, 
 PLUNDER. 4. vexo, I (to treat with 
 all outrage, pillage and ransack) : v. to 
 ransack (I., 3). 
 ravage, ravaging (subs.): 1. 
 
 popQlatio: the r.s of passers 6y, popu- 
 lationes praetereuntium viatorum, Col. 
 >> 5. 7; ".t birds, volucruQi, id. }, 21, 
 5 : he made extensive r.s, populationem 
 effuse fecit, Liv. 2. 64: Caesar tiMught 
 it enough to precent the enemy frcmi 
 making r.s, Caesar satis babe-bat, hostem 
 populationibus prohibere, Caes. B. G. i, 
 15. Strenglhened : depopulatio, Auct. 
 pro dom. 58, 146. 2. vastatio, vas- 
 titas (the former denoting tlie act, the 
 latter the state resulting from it); v. 
 DEVAsrATiON. 3. Tapina, ve.\atio : v. 
 
 PLUNDER, PILLAGE. 
 
 ravager : 1. pOpiilator, /em. 
 
 populatrix : r.sof OMr^/leto, populatores 
 agrorum nostrorum, Liv. j, 68. Atrides 
 r. of Troy, Trojae p. Atrides, Ov. Met. 
 U, 655. (Also the impeif. part, of 
 populor, depopulor may be used subs. 
 inpl.: cf. L. G. ^ 6?8.) 2. vastator: 
 Ov. Met. 9. 192 (Arcadiae vastator aper). 
 3. direptor : v. plunderer, pil- 
 lager. 
 
 ravaging (subs.) : v. BAVAr,E._ 
 
 ravaging (part, adj.): pSpiilator,/. 
 -trix (v. RAVAGER); and in apposition, 
 but rarely as attrib. adj. populabundus. 
 
 rave : 1. fftro, j (lit. to be mad) : 
 Join: furere el bacchari (of orators), 
 Cic. Br. 80, 276 : to r. (be frantic) with 
 grief, f. luctu, id. de Or. 2, 46, igj. 
 2. saevio, 4 (ii-ith fury and exas- 
 peration): cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 299; saevit 
 inope animi (of oido). 3. bacchor, i 
 (to revel wildly) : the prophetess r.s in 
 642 
 
 the cave, in antro b. vates, ib. 6, 78 : 
 Hor. Od. 2, 7, 27. 4. insanio, 4 (to 
 be out of one's sober senses): v. mad, 
 TO be. 
 
 ravel : I. In old usage, to un- 
 tivist : rfitexo, ui, xtum, } : like Fene- 
 lope, r.g her web, quasi P. telam re- 
 texens, Cic. Acad. 2, 29, 95 • the iveb r.'d 
 secretly at night, noclurno tela rete.xta 
 dolo, Ov. Am. J. 9, 50 (cf. Prop. 2. 7, 44 ; 
 nocturno solvens texta diumadolu " the 
 night still ravellid what the day re- 
 newed," Pope, Hom. Od. 19, 150) : v. 
 UNRAVEL. II. To entangle : implico, 
 
 etc.: v. TO entwine, ENTANGLE. 
 
 ravelin : niil. term : perh. propug- 
 naculum, promiuens munimentum, mu- 
 nimen, muro ipsi urbis praepositum: cf. 
 Plin. II, J7, 56. 
 
 raven: corvus: black as a r., niger 
 tanquam c, Petron. 4;, 7, et pass. 
 Phr. : r.-black, coracinus color, Vitr. 
 8, J, med. : to be hoarse as a r., voce 
 coracinare, Isid. Orig. 12, 4J. TTie night- 
 r. or heron, nycticorax, Isid. 12, 41. 
 
 raven or ravin ("•) • saevio, fiiro : 
 
 V. TO RAGE. 
 
 ravening, ravenous: 1. rapax 
 
 (that is wont to seize upon prey) : the 
 prey of r. v-olves, luporum praeda r., 
 Hor. Od. 4, 4, 50 : so, rapax ignis, Ov. 
 Met. 8, 8J7 : cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 421. 2. 
 rabidus (mad, raging) : cf. Virg. 1. c, 
 fame rabida tria guttura pandens (of 
 Cerberus). 3. §dax (preying on, 
 
 devouring) : v. devouring. 4. 
 
 vorax: v, voracious. Phr.: r.uolves, 
 raptores lupi. Virg. Aen. 2, j?6: a r. 
 appetite, profunda gnla. Suet. Vit. ij: 
 so, ingluvies, Eutr. 7, 18, (12): Hor. 
 Sat. I, 2, 8: cf. improba ventris rabies 
 (a phrase denoting the eager natural 
 appetite; whereas, gula. ingluvies, usu. 
 denote gluttony), Virg. Aen. 2, J57. 
 
 ravenously : vSraciter : v. voea- 
 
 CIODSLY. Phr.: to be r hungry, avide 
 esurire, Plin. 17,2, 2 } 12; *aviditate 
 edendi flagrare : v. hungbv, to be. 
 
 ravenonsness : I. of appetite .- 
 voracitas, gdacitas ; v. voBAcrrr, glut- 
 tony. II. Fierceness of beasts of prey : 
 saevitia, rapacitas: v. fierceness, ba- 
 pacitt. 
 
 ravine ; vallis praerupta, Hirt. Alex. 
 74. Simly., vallis arcta (a narroir defile,), 
 Liv. 29, j2 ; also, vallis cava, Liv. 44, 5 : 
 V. PASS, defile. 
 
 raving (o^j.) : furiosus, furens, vg- 
 sanus, insanus, etc. : v. mad, baging. 
 To be r. mad, plane furere : v. mad, 
 TO be. 
 
 raving (subs.) .- ftiror, rabies ; or if 
 the reference be to language, convicium 
 furiosum: v. mad, madness. Phr.: 
 cease your r., "desine insanire ! aufer 
 ista insana verha ! 
 
 ravingly: rabiose, insane : v.madlt. 
 
 ravisn: I. To cany off: 1. 
 rapio, ui, ptum. j he wins the r.'d 
 prey, rapto potitur, Virg. Aen. 4. 217: 
 everything sounds unth lamentations 
 of ivomen and children who are r.'d 
 and candied off, omnia .... mulierum 
 puerorumque qui rapiuntur atque aspor- 
 tantur ploratibus sonant, Liv. 29, 17. 
 So, comp. abripio, } -. Cic. 2. abstriho 
 xi, ctum, J : to r. from a mother's em- 
 brace, de matris complexu .... [avellere 
 atque] a., Cic. Font. 17, j6. 3. abduco, 
 xi, ctum, J : the daughter of Isidorus 
 r.'d by force, Isidori fllia vi abducta, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 54. 78: v. to cabby off. 
 II, To dishonour: \, stupro, i : 
 Cic. Fin. ;, 22, 64: et pass. In same 
 sense, constupro, i : matronas, virgines, 
 Liv. 29, 17. 2. vitio, I : Ter. Eun. 4, 
 4, J7 (virginem v.). So, virgini vitium 
 per vim offerre, id. Ad. j, i, 9. 3. 
 expr. by phr. pudicitiam expugnare, 
 Cic. Coel. 20,49; p. imminuere, PI. Cist. 
 1, I, 89. Also, coraprimere, polluere, 
 may be used, with some such phr. as, 
 per vim. invitani (reluctantem, sc. mu- 
 lierem) ; but alone they do not exclude 
 the notion of consent on the other part. 
 Phr. ; endeavouring to r., virginitatcm 
 violare conantem, Cia N. D. }, 2j, 59: 
 suddenly r.'d, subita Veneris violata 
 
 rapina, Ov. A. A. 1, 675 / Imelie was 
 r.'d, vim passa est Phoelie, Ov. A. A. i, 
 679. III. 7b delight intensely, rapio, 
 } : Vulg. Judith xvi. 11 : but usu. pass. 
 Phr. : r.'d with delight, dulcedine laetae 
 (aves), Virg. G. 4, 55 ; to be r.'d by the 
 charms of song, carminibus stupere, 
 Hor. Od. 2, 1 J, i} ■ to be r.'d with joy, 
 summa laetitia efferri ; laetltia per- 
 fundi : V. to transport, chabm ; also, 
 
 RAPTURE, enraptured. 
 
 ravisher : 1. raptor : TUyos the r., 
 
 Tityos r., Hor. Od. 4, 6, 2 • r. of my 
 
 daughter, r. filiae meae, Tac. A. i, 58. 
 
 2. stuprator. Quint. 4. 2, 69: Suet. 
 
 Dom. 8. 3. corruptor. Suet. 1. c. 
 
 ravishing (ailj.) : nearest words, 
 suavis, dulcis, aniabilis : cf. Hor. Od. 2, 
 2, }8, dulci laborum decipitur sono, fte 
 is beguiled of his toils by the r. sound. 
 Or expr. by circuml., which is the only 
 way adequately to represent Eng.: how 
 r. was the sight! *qu:mta haec visa 
 oculos dulcedine capiebant! quanta lae- 
 titia sensus complebant, efferebant ! 
 
 ravishment : |. At)duction, viola- 
 tic/n : raptus, raptio : v. rape. ||. 
 Intense delight : v. baptube. 
 
 raw (adj.) : I, Not cooked : 1, 
 criidus: r. cabbage, brasstca c, Varr 
 R. R. 157 : opp. to coctus (cooked), PI. 
 Aul. i, 2, 16. 2. incoctus: do not 
 give me r. victuals, ne mihi incocta 
 detis, PI. Pers. i, }, i } : he toill not 
 bring out r. food, incoctum non ex- 
 promet, bene coctum dabit, PI. Mil. 2, 
 2. 55- 3. partly raw, half-dressed : 
 subcriidus (succ.) : v. half-cooked, 
 PA rboiled. So also, semicriidus : Suet. 
 Aug. I (semicruda exta); and. semi- 
 coctus. Col. 8. 5, 2 ; (of barley, hordeum 
 semicoctum). ||. Of wounds, MTiA«afed 
 and exposed : criidus : r. uounds, vul- 
 nera c. Ov. Tr. j, 11, 19. To become r. 
 and Irreak out again, recrudescere (fig.), 
 Cic. Fam. 4. 6 ; r. places, atlritae partes, 
 Plin. 24, 1, 28 : V. TO gall. |||. Not 
 worked or manufactured : 1. criidus : 
 r. hemp, spartum c, hoc est, non mal- 
 leatum. Col. 12, 19: r. pitch, pix c, id. 
 12, 20 f r. juice of pine, flos c. resinae. 
 Plin. N. H. 16, 1 1", 22. 2. rudis, s (in 
 its rough natural state ; univrought) : 
 r. ore of copper, aes r., Plin. N. H. a, 
 i, li- ■ 3. infectus (poet.): storet 
 of gold, coined or not coined, auri pon- 
 dera facti infectique, Virg. Aen. 10, 427. 
 IV. Inexperienced: 1. riidis, 6 
 (untrained) : take me as ar. pupil, nidem 
 me discipulum et integrum accipe, Cic. 
 N. D. J, }, T : r. in military matters, r. 
 agminum, Hor. Od. j, 2, 9 : cf. Liv. 24, 
 48, r. ad pedestria bella Numidarum 
 gens : absol., r. puer, Hor. Od. j, 24, 54. 
 2. tiro (a new soldier, a raw re- 
 cruit) : you wUl fight vrith an army of 
 r. reci-uits, pughabitis cum exercitu 
 tirone, Liv. 21,4?. in apposition, tirones 
 milites, Cic. Ph. 11, 15, 59. 3, imp6- 
 ntus; r. in speaking, i. dicendi, Cic. de 
 Or. J, 44. 175. V. liough, unfinished : 
 criidus: r. verses, c. versus, Pers. i, 92; 
 V. BOUGH, rugged. VI. Unrmixcd ; 
 of tvine: merus: he swallows greedily 
 r. (1. e. neat) wine, ingurgitat merum 
 avariter, PI. Cure, i, 2, J9. VII. Of 
 weather' chilly and damp: frigidum et 
 humidum (coelum) cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 
 init. 
 
 raw (subs.) : i. e. a sore place : 
 Prov., to touch any one on the r., 
 *viilnus adhuccrudum attingere, vulneri 
 crudo manus admovere. 
 
 raw-boned : strigosus : Liv. 27, 47. 
 Phr.. they are so raw-b., vix ossibus 
 haerent, Virg. Eel. }, 102. 
 
 ray : I. <if light : 1. radius 
 r.s of the sun, soils radii, Lucr. 2, 114; 
 the. r.s and light of the sun, r. (sulisj 
 et lumen, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, loj. I>imin 
 radiolus (a little r., just one »-.), Anim 
 28. 4, rned. Hanng or emitting r.s, 
 radiatus: v. radiant. 2. jubar (&rip/i< 
 radiance) : v. sunbeam. 3. poet. ; 
 ictus, lis (a ray of the sun as striking 
 and piercing) : the laurel will shut out 
 the scorching r.s, spissa ramis laurea 
 fervidos excludet i., Hor. Od. 2, 15, 9.
 
 RAZE 
 
 READ 
 
 READABLE 
 
 II, A fiih so called : raia: I'lin. N. H. 
 9k 24. 40. 
 
 raze : see rase. 
 
 razor: |. I'or diaving : nOvacilla 
 Liv, I. }6. (CulUT toiisorius, cultellns 
 tonsuris, are Um) indi-hnite, and may 
 denote any kind of barljet's knife i.r 
 iheais; it Ueing the custom to dip tin- 
 beard before shanug with a razor was 
 invented.) Plir. : let not the r d'face 
 the hair, nee male delormet tonsura 
 eapillos, Ov. Am 1, si-j: sometivus to 
 ■use scisnors, and S(mutimes to shave the 
 heard, niijdo londerc niodo radere bar- 
 bam, Siiei. Aug. 79. II. AJUh: nova- 
 cula piscik, Hlin. H. N. J2, 2, 5. 
 
 reach (''•)■■ A. in trans.: To 
 extend : 1. periTneo, ui, 2 (tlie Btl- 
 gof) r to the lower part of the Rhine.. 
 pertinent ad inferiorem partem flumlni> 
 Ithi ni, Cae.s. B. G. i, i the. irind-pipe 
 r.ing to the lungs, a-xpera arteria ad pul- 
 moeiem usque . . . pertiuens. I'lin. 11, )■;. 
 66 cf Cic. N. D. 2, 54, u6: (Arabia) 
 r.s to the Red Sea, ad rubrum mare p., 
 Mela, I, 10. 2. alilneo, 2 (less freq. 
 In this sense) : (the .s'ciithiaris) r. to the 
 Ben, mi Tanaim attinent. Curt. 6, 2, i?. 
 3. attingo, tigl. ta<tuni, } (to border 
 on) : where Africa r.s to the river (Nile), 
 qua Africa ad fluvium a., Mela, 1,4: the 
 best authors use t\o prep. : (the I'bii) r. 
 to the Rhine, Rhenuni attingunt, Cae.s. 
 B. G. 4, }. 4. tendo, teteiidi, tentum 
 and sum, j (esp. in a straight course) : 
 the gullet r.s to the sUmach, haec (gula) 
 t. ad siomachum, I'lin. 11, ?7, 66. 5. 
 porrigor, rectus, j (to stretch out and 
 extend) : the Germans r. to the Sarma- 
 tians, German! ad Sarmatas p., Mela, I, 
 J • (Rliodope), r.ing to the midst of the 
 polar region, medium porrecta subaxem, 
 Virg. G. }. J5i. 6. pHteo, 2: v. to 
 KXTEND. P h r. : OS far as our under- 
 standing r.s, quod ad nostram intelli- 
 gentiam cadi t, Cic. Off. i, 4, 17: beyond 
 where the nneducated can r.. ab Imperi- 
 lorum intelligentia di^unctuni, Cic. de 
 Or. I, J, 12 : W your soving-time r. 
 even to the frosts, ad medias semeniern 
 e.xtende pruinas, Virg. G. i, 210: as far 
 as the eye can r., quo longissime con- 
 spectumocuIiferunt.Liv. 1, 18: wherever 
 the eye can r., qua notes oculis, Ov Fast. 
 2, J78 : he surveys the sea as far as the 
 eye can v., prospectum late pelago petit. 
 Vire. Aen. 1. 181. B, Trans. : |. 
 To touch by reaching ; to come to : 
 1. attingo. } : tfio high for (the horse) 
 to r. the ground v-ilh his feet, altius 
 quam ut lerrani posset attingere, Nep. 
 Eum. 5 : It hen first you r 'd Asia, ut 
 prinium Asiam aitigisti, Cic. y. Fr. i, 8. 
 2. contingo, j (asu. to gain some 
 good) : to r. tlie branches from the 
 ground, a terra contingere ranios, Virg. 
 K. 8, 40 : so that they might r. the 
 enemy from so great a heiglU, ut ex 
 tanta altitudine c. hostem possent, Liv. 
 }8, 40. 3. a<lipi:-cor, adeptiis, ? (to 
 attain In) : (old age) which all desire to 
 r., quam ut adipisi antur, omnes optani, 
 Cic. Sen. 2, 4: v. tooutain, attain. (The 
 simple verb, apiscor, is rare: it occurs 
 Cic. Att. 8, 14, maris apiscendi causa, for 
 the sake of r.g the sexi.) 4. appr6- 
 
 pinqno, 1 : v. to approach. 5, cftpio, 
 cepi, captum, j : (esp. used of reaching 
 a liarbour or other place by sea.) : thei/ 
 could ■not r. the island, insulam c. noti 
 potueriint, Caes. B. G. 4, 26, extr. : the 
 ieientian war did wit r. its conclusion, 
 non ante cepit fitiem, Liv. 5, 51. Simi- 
 larly, capes.>io, ivi ituni, j (to endeavour 
 to r., ■malx for) : the lots bade vs en- 
 deaivur to r. Italy, liallam . . . jussere 
 cape.ssere sortes. Virg. Aen. 4, J46 let 
 ■us (endeavour to) r. Melita, Melitani ca- 
 pestwmus. Cic, Att. lo 9. 6. Uuigo. tc- 
 tigi, uictum, } ( yerres),assofm as he r.'d 
 his pi-ovince, simul ac provinciam t- tiglt, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 10. 27 lei him r. thefai- 
 thest limit nf the vorld, quicunque 
 mundi terminus obslltit, hunc tangat 
 armis, Hor. Od. j. j. 54. 7, poet 
 
 tgneo, 2 (to /tare readied) : he has r.'d 
 the harbour, purtum tenet, Virg. Aen. i, 
 400: I had r.'d a p'ace of safety, tuU\ 
 
 tenebani. ib. 6, J58. 8. poet. : potior. 
 4 (with alA.) : the Trojans r. the strand, 
 potiuntur arena, Virg. Aen. I, 172. (llie 
 hursi-), having r.'d tlie plain, cumpo pn- 
 litus, id II. 49J. Sp<'cial term> are 
 to r. b'l swimming or sailing, adnare. 
 Virg. Aen. 1, 558 (vesiris adnavinius 
 i>Ti>) ; by cliiiibiitg, evadere, escendere 
 (v. TO MOUNT, climk) they r tlie tip 
 uftlie II alls, in muros evadunt, Liv 4, ^4. 
 
 ||. To come to , fig ol reports : 
 1, pervfinio, 4; the mattrr r'd his ears, 
 pervenii res ad illius aures, Cic. \'err. 4, 
 28,64. withoutprep.(piiet.) verba refer> 
 aures iioii pervenientla nostia.s, Ov. iM. 
 ?, 462. 2. accedo, ssi, ssuni, } : the 
 rumour r.'d my ears, semio accessit ad 
 aures meas, Ter. Hec. }, s, ?2. 3. 
 accido, di, J : when this r.'d the Icing's 
 ems, quod ubi ad aures aicUlii regis 
 Liv. 8, 24. I'hr. ; the lircumstame 
 r.s his ears, res ad eum defertur, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 62, 160 (a phr. implying some 
 crime or charge repinted : that r.'d the 
 ears of Caesar, gnarum id Caesari (sc. 
 facium est), Tac. A. I, ;. |||. To reach 
 out, in order to gir>e or take, porrigo, rexl, 
 cium, 5 . to r. out tlie hand, manum p. 
 Sen. V. B. j : v. to stkktch out. 
 
 reach _(«"''«•) •■ I. ^ space: perh. 
 tractus, us . ef fianimaruni tractus, 
 Virg. G. I, }67 : the water .foams over 
 a hmg r., longo t. aestuat unda, Lucan 
 5, 565 : or, 2. spatium : v. spack. 
 II. Capacity, or scope of mind or 
 body, captus, us: v. capacity. |||. 
 The r. if a weapon : 1. Jactus, us : 
 within r.. Intra j. teli, Virg. Aen. 11, 
 688 : out of r. of shut, extra teli J., 
 Curt. }, 10, I. 2. ictus, US: placed 
 irithin our r., ictu nostro posiium. Sen. 
 Ben. 2, 29, 4 : also, sub ictu. id. Ep. 72, 
 12: out of r., extra ictum, ib. 7, 7. 
 Phr. : within r. of the spear, contiguum 
 hastae (poet.), Virg. Aen. 10, 457 : within 
 your own r., penes te, Ulp. jiig. 50, 16, 
 6; ; beyimd r. of, extra — of blame, 
 extra culpam, Cic. Verr. ;, 51, 154; of 
 fortune, extra fortunam. Mart. 5, 4J : of 
 comprehension and appreciation, extra 
 intellectum atque aestimationem. Sen. 
 Ben. 1, J : the enemy iieie within r. of 
 shot, non longius aberant, quam quo 
 telum adjici posset, Caes. B. G. 2, 21 : 
 out of r. of danger (by extreme close- 
 ness), interior periculo vulneris, Liv. 7, 
 10; interiores ictlbus tormentorum, id. 
 
 24. H- 
 
 re-act : \. To reciprocate action : 
 expr. by invtceni (in turn, alternately), 
 inter se, niutuo (reciprocally) : all bodies 
 act and r. upon each other, *corpora 
 omnia inter se movent atque Impellunt ; 
 inviceni (niutuo) nioventur aique im- 
 pelluntur: the emotions r. nptm the body 
 itself, *animi motus Ipsuni quoque cor- 
 pus inviceni afficiunt ac debilitant. ||. 
 'lo act or perform over again : 1, re- 
 f6ro. reltuli, latum, j : (abulam itcrum 
 referre. Ter. Prol. Hec. 7. 2. repono, 
 pOsui, ituni, j : a play irhich aims at 
 being r.'d. nuae vult spectata reponi. 
 Heir. A. P. 190. 
 
 reaction : 1. perb. repulsus, us : of. 
 Plin. II. }7, 62 (serpens, impresso den- 
 tium repulsu, virus fundlt. 1. e. by the 
 backnard pressure or reaction of the 
 teeth). 2. usu. better »xpr. by inter 
 .se, in\'iccm: v. to kkach (L). Phr.: 
 there is usually a r. after the excitement 
 if joy, *post nimiasgaudioruni elationes 
 invicem animus opprimi contristarique 
 .solet a great r. of feeling .1 ollon ed, and 
 he became extremely popular, 'repeiite 
 ex flagranti invidia in sunmium populi 
 favorem veiiit there was a sudden r. of 
 feeling. *repenle omnium snidia ci'm- 
 mulata sunt (cf. Sail. Cat. 48, miitata 
 nii-nte = by a r. of feeling) . th party 
 'i^r..*eorum partes qui prtstinum reruni 
 staium revocare volunt 
 
 read : \. ^y oneself, i. e. not aloud, 
 a booh- or tvriting : \, l<5go, Iggi, lectnm, 
 ? (and conip.) / hai-e r.d your letter, 
 legl tiias litieras. Cic Fam. i, 7, init. : I 
 both II rite and r. by myself, ipse mihi 
 scriboque lepoque, Ov. Trist, 4. 2, 9} : 
 that you might r. (the books) by your- 
 
 self, ut (libros) per te ipse legeres, Cic. 
 Top. I. 2: /am read (I. e. my ut>rk$ 
 are read) all ocrr the umld, in loto plu- 
 rinius orl)e legor. Ov. I risL 4. 10. 128: 
 to r. in Greek, Graece legere. Cic. de Ot 
 I. J4. 155 '" r attentively, siudinse in> 
 penseque legere, Plin. Kp. 9. i } : tor. at 
 tight, ab oculo legi-re, Petron. 75 tor. 
 again, relegere, Hor. Kp. 1. 2, 2 ; to r. 
 o«er, tran»legere(rare), Plaut. As. 4, 1, j: 
 to r. through, perlegere, Caea. B G. 5. 48 ; 
 a book read thruuijh. perleclus liber, 
 Quint. 10, I : fir. vith any one. cum all- 
 quo legere, Cic. de Or. i, 11. 47 : he u-iU 
 give you tlie wU to r., tradet te8:amen- 
 tuni legendum. Hi.r.Sat. 2. 5.51 tor.an 
 author, such as Ciiio, etc.. (.'aionem, Ho- 
 ratlum, etc.. 1.. Cic. Alt. u. 4- (Horace 
 is) iiorlhy of being lead. .lignus legi, 
 Quint. 10. 1.96. N.B. in Cic ibis would 
 be qui legatur. 2. volv... volvi, v6- 
 latum, J (because the ancient books 
 were written on rolN. which were un- 
 rolled to be read) to r. a booh; librum 
 v., Cic. Brut. 87. 298. iMore fn-q.,evolvo, 
 id. Tusc. I, II. 24 Quint.: Hor. 3. 
 pcrvOlulo, I (to peruse frei/uently and 
 attentively): libros, Id. Att. 5. 12 "scrip- 
 tores, id. de Or. i, J4, ij8. 4. verso, 
 I : ) . the great Greek ujfiters by day 
 and by night, exemplana Graecii iioc- 
 turna versate manu, versate diuma, 
 Hor. A. P. 268. 5. rfigusto, 1 : r. 
 
 again vith pleasure : Cic Alt ij, 
 18. 6. lectlto, I : r. often, Cic. 
 
 Att 12, 18 : Plin. Ep. 2, 17 (init.). 
 Phr.: to ?•. with, i. e. attend a tutor't 
 lectures, aliquem audire, Cic. Off. i. 
 I, i: id. de Or. j, 18, 87: the tutor 
 is said, legere et praelegere : see below 
 (II.): the speech may be r. by every 
 one, est in nianibus oratio, Cic. Am. 25, 
 76 : I r. the mind of Clodius, Clodii ani- 
 muni perspectum habeo, Cic ad Brut. 
 I : to r. the stars, astra cognoscere, Cic 
 Div. I, 41, 91; *callere astra: able to 
 r. the stars, astronmi peritus, Juv. 6, 
 586 : / cannot r. the stars, niutus astro- 
 rum ignore, Juv. j, 45. ||. To read 
 aloud (a book or writing befoie an 
 audience): \, recito, I : cf Hor. Sat. 
 I, 4, Zi, where private perusal (legere) 
 isopp. to public reading of an author's 
 works (recitare): so, he r.s alowi after 
 r.ing privately, opistolam perlectam" re- 
 cital, Caes. B. G. 5, 48: to r. an answer 
 (or speech) ftom a manuscript, respon- 
 sum (or orationem) ex scripto r., Liv. 
 2}. 1 1. 2. also, Ifgo, } : to call together 
 his pupils and read a v<ilume, convo- 
 catis aud'toribus legere volumen, Cic 
 Brut. 51, 191 Gell. 18, 5: tor. uieU, 
 commode 1., Plin. Ep 5. 19. and J4 : 
 badly, male, pessime, ib. More precisely 
 praelego, legi. ledum, j (to read to an- 
 other, esp. a pupil, usu. :nth critical 
 remark.'^) : auctons. Quint, i, 5, n : 
 Virgilium et alios poetas. Suet. Gramm. 
 16. 3. pronuiitio, i . Cic. Att 1 j, 6: 
 to r. ir. a sweet and natutal tune, p. 
 duici et proprio oris sono. Suet. Aug. 
 84- 4. praeeo, ivi and i', Itnni. 4 
 
 (to r. or utter beforehatid, i. e. dictate) : 
 verba p., Liv 8. 9. Phr ; to r. off a 
 writte^i speech, semioneni scriptum et 
 e libello habere. >uet. Aug. 84 : to 
 teach to r., instituere Uteris or ad lec- 
 tioneni. Quint i, i, 15: and i, 7, 17: 
 to Uan^ to r., discere elementa prima, 
 Hor. Sal I, 1.26. 
 
 readCi""'')-" av^l-rcadman, homo 
 litiraius, Cic. Biui. 21, 81: eruditus. 
 Quint. I, 6, 12. toleiably veil r., tinctus 
 literis, Cic. de Or. 2, 20. 8; : liieris leviter 
 imbutus. Quint, i, ?, 16 ■ very veil r., 
 literatls.Mmus, Cic. de Or. j, 11. 45: per- 
 erudltus. Id. Fin. 2. 4, 12 veil r. in our 
 literature, iio.-tras literas baud incuriose 
 docius, Gell. 19, 9 not an ill-r. man, 
 haudquaquam inerudiius. Id. 18, II. 
 Join Uteratus el di.sertus : literatus 
 et studiis dt>cinnisque deditus nee in- 
 facetu8,et satis liieralus: d<«tus el eru- 
 dltus: enidiius et docirina exculius: in 
 doctrina atque optiiuarum artium stu 
 diis eruditus, Cic. 
 
 readable : fasi/ to read : 1. lecir 
 facilw. 2. If gIbUis . U'.p. Dig. 28, 4. i.
 
 READE R 
 
 READY 
 
 KK ADY-MONET 
 
 •i^eader: I. -rn^en^nrf: lienor = 
 «ne who reads to himself , Hor A r. 
 ,44: a gerrOe v.. candidus lector, Ov. 
 TrisU 4 10. in-an M-natured r. in- 
 gratus lector, Hor. Ep. i, 19. " ■ " ^-f 
 
 64, (N.B.-The noun lector often 
 
 ing: the participle, ..mply ^"ej'^"* 
 «;ie time is readmg.) \l ^« J (^^ 
 reads almd : 1. recitator . Cic In v 
 2 AT Ijq: Hor. A. P. 474- , ^ ^- T- 
 agnostes ae, m. (a .lave -^ffforth^^ 
 
 tlc^Att. I. n: ^^'^/■%/''\ 
 gnostae optimi, Nep. Att. i J, M • "> 
 public r.. ii/avp<oo-TT,?, ''ell. 'O' '• 
 -fl B —The Greek form seems to hav e 
 been preferred by later writers. 3. 
 praelector (a Ucturer) : Gell. ib. 111. 
 Ar. in the Church: lector :Tertull.<le 
 Fraescr. 41 : August. En. in Ps. cxxxvui. 
 X 1- h r : a voracious v., lector gulosus, 
 Mart 10 ?q, 5 : to be a voracious r, bel- 
 S-1n'l?^J(^o,dn.ading^^- 
 
 sr v.^:/ - ri-i^^rT t 
 
 librls M Varronis fm, Orell. I J, H- w 
 be a ffoorf an<X mteHipent r.. legere pente, 
 
 ^^r^^l'"'' yiri^tateofprepara. 
 
 ra°*.f,/%aratius a.que accuratms gre, 
 Cic. de Or. I, !J. 150. II. Trt"t»9'y • 
 1 libenler: Caes. B. G. J, IB- a. 
 prompter to «7'd.,Y/o dmtft r., prompte 
 subire neceni, Tac. Ann. 16, 10. 6. 
 ultro: they r. offei-M themselves uUro 
 se offerebant, Cic. Plane. 10, ^6- '«e r. 
 eommis^ate. i. e. are .torrvardto (^m^ 
 miserate, miserescimus ultro. Virg. Aen. 
 2 i4« Vhr.: I did it r., feci non in- 
 
 ^tutrCic. Am. ..4: ^PO'^t'^nrVet" 
 Att I?. 21 : sponte sua, Ov. Met. 
 2.128: vo(en6,W Aen. 12. 671 
 III Quicldy: 1. prompts: lac. 
 2 cito: Hor. A P. »5. ^ 3. ^ '^- 
 crTler : Amm. Marc. 14, 2- 4.. sul>'', ' 
 Cic. de Or. I, i ?, 150. 5. expedi.e . Uc^ 
 Kin <;, 12, fin. Phr. :/.««"««/ (Ola 
 speech), voiubiliter funditar oratio, C.c. 
 0^62.210. IV. Easily: 1. com- 
 mSde: to speak vwre r., commod.us 
 cprba facere Nep. Them. 10, 1. a. 
 ac'^|:'ren.Ep.^o.6. H h r. : «ot;.^«^ 
 leads us so r. to qaar^ls, nihil tarn 
 pronum ad simulutes. Plin^ Paneg. 84 . 
 r. saleable, vendlbilis, Cic Leg. Agr. 2, 
 lA j6: v. readiness. 
 
 VoaH^iiPsq- 1 Quickness, activity 
 
 of't!d^Tf,Undrr.mUs: r^ramr 
 
 than power, facilitas magiB quam facu - 
 
 tas, Plin. Ep. 6, 29 : Q"int>'- ^""^^-l^^^}". 
 
 tas as the equiv. of cf«, 10, 1. 1- f n r •• 
 
 r of speech, volubilitas linguae (fiu- 
 
 encvX Cic. Plane. 25. 62: a prompt r. 
 
 ^r^Uing, prompta et parata in re- 
 
 B^nTeifdoceleritas. Cic. Brut. 42. 54 ^ ;• 
 
 of speech, facilitas, Cic. Or. 6, 21 11. 
 
 The state of being readii, promptxtiule 
 
 tThave inr., paratum, expeditum ha- 
 
 ^re Cic. de Or. 2. 27, 118; pr m.ptum 
 
 Tl ngua h.. Sail. Cat. 10: what each 
 
 man ifad in r., quod cuique proniptum 
 
 ■I'ac Ann. I, 7^ ' (^ «"'' '.P'"''^ "'f 
 Jltave in r., quae mihi sunt in prompt u. 
 Cic AcLl 124 tota««tnr..inprompu 
 habe'^e,7d.bfT^..o.io5:t/.«>ja-- 
 complete r., paratissiraa sunt, id. tarn. 4. 
 ^ii an.: CO have '^ troopsxnr ,yn 
 expedito copias habere, Liv. j6, 16: to 
 Z^. tU cash in r.. pecuniam numeratam 
 in praesentia habere, Cic. Verr. 5, r 1 ■ 
 "f the utmost r. in setting .forth truth, 
 veritatis exhibcndae promptissimus, 
 Gell 10 22: with the utmost r., animo 
 lubentlssimo, Cic. Verr. Act. L 9- 2.5- 
 Phr : to have in r., ad mamim habere, 
 Ouint 12,5, i: to have a stock of elo- 
 quence in r', tanquam in V^ocmar^V^ra- 
 tarn habere eloquentiam, Qu'nt. 1°. L ^ 
 all the money I had in r <^'™^^;'^"'" 
 quod fuit prae manu, Plaut. Bacch. 4. 
 
 '■ reading (««b,.): I Toan^elf.i.e. 
 644 
 
 not aloud : 1. lectio ; or by part of 
 verb • r. of books, lectio librorum, Cic. 
 Acad. 2. 2, 4: r. of 'etters lectio ur pel- 
 lectio i. e. r. through, id. Att. i, }i ■ 
 vX'ulr., i.e. reference to books, citr^ 
 lectiunis exeniplum, Quint. 10, I. 2. 
 (part.) to while auay the journey mr., 
 iter et navigationem in rebus geslis le- 
 gendis consumere, Cic Acad. 4; L ?^.- 
 the love of r.,legendi studiun , C.c Ott. 
 2 1,2-. after r. nhich. . ., quibus lectu,, 
 id.de Or. I, J4. '54: «/'^'- '"'"f^J^'^Z 
 iecto id. Att. u, 46 •• power of r.and 
 ,Hto^, facultas legendi scribend.que, 
 Ouint I 4, 1- l^imn. lectiunculae, 
 ^^htreadtg: to spend the meruit 
 in..... matutina tempora l^cfuncu is 
 consumere. Cic. Fain. 7, i- .'^^J,; .-^"^ 
 of r "legendi cupidus, studiosus. leiy 
 fcmdofr., negendi avidus: to be ., 
 ■*cupiditate legend! flagrare. 2. evo 
 lutio, or by part, of 'o^^i.'^Vi//^ 
 
 aloud : 1. lectio Nep. Att. 14 ■ ca, e)M 
 r , emendata lectio. Quint, i, 4. J- *• 
 nraelPCtio (a lecture) : id. i, 2, 15. o. 
 i'g^itatio (.reading ofi^^^^Z^ 
 or any public place; also, of lit. uoiKS 
 to an l^ience) : Cic. Clu 51. Hi I ^"et 
 Tar III An interpretation of a pai- 
 sm-- l"tio: far-fetched r.s or pas- 
 s7aes lectiones reconditae, Amn. 50. 4 • 
 [aHous r.s or passages of law. diver^ae 
 luris lectiones. Cod. 6, 61, 5 ^ J«!;"^l« '^ 
 far-fetched r.s. i. e. scarce books, vaiiae 
 et remotae lectiones, Gell. 14. »• IV- 
 /n nSm. the way in whicha word ur 
 Z^me is i-ead: *lectio or *scriptura: 
 rS^ or diffe^-ent f^;^^^ . 
 lectionis varietas: scnptura discrepanb. 
 scripiurae discrepantia : the W or 
 received r., *lectio, scnptura vugaU. 
 the true or genuine r.. *lectio, scnptura 
 verrgermana,genuina: to depart from 
 the Jual or received r.. *a v"lgaU «-> 
 tione, scriptura recedere : to reject a 
 r., scripturam, lectionem rej-ce^. re- 
 Dudiare: to receive or admit ai., lee 
 tionem, scripturam recipere, reddere : to 
 establish or fix the true r., *veram lec- 
 tionem constituere : a <^orruptr.,\^lw 
 scriptura depravata, mendosa: corrup 
 t^U:mendum. Phr.: «" e';^^^ : 
 (i.e. a blunder of the copyist), ubrarii 
 mendum, Liv. j8 55: mendum ^cr p- 
 turae, Cic. Fam. 6, 7' the r. in Utu, 
 MSSii.. ., in Utlnis codlcibus scnptum 
 est, Hieron. in Epb. i. i. vol. 7..P- 552^ 
 tlUr. of some gospels is, •" q;-,>^'"f '^' ' 
 evangeliis legitur, id. u. Mattl . 2. n. 
 vol 7 p 72T the r. of the Vulgate is, 
 Vuiga'ta babet editio, ib. c. i ?, p. 95 ■ 
 the r. of the Greek is, in Graec^ sentiiur. 
 id Epfioe. vol. i. p. 654: '"^P*"''- 
 ginta legitur, id. in Is. xui. vol. 4, p. 5I>5 ■ 
 a true and correct r.. recte atque in- 
 tegre scriptum, Gell. 18, 9 : « /«««? ''•• 
 
 mindosum, ib. V. «^«'**"?^' ;,,t 
 Ussons in church: lectiones: rertuil. 
 Apol. 22: Aug. Serm. 176, c. i. vol. 5, 
 
 ^rlading-book: Uber.quo pueri in- 
 stituuntur ad U-ctionem. 
 desk: 1- suggestum: Cic 
 
 de Div. I, 54. 124: yu'"*- '■ ■'• !''„ . i 
 
 pulpitum: Hor. Ep. I, 19. 40. J"X-,6;l8 
 
 I ^ _1_ room: nearest word. bibliOthe 
 
 '"Ul's'ociety : *societas legentium. or 
 
 nV,% P^uWre periculum. Hor. Ep- «'J. 
 4:0 mind r. for crimes, animus see e- 
 ?ibus p.. Tac. Ann. 12. 4T •• r. with 
 ' laZrlinfantin,, etc., P-P^f X'2T; 
 tatu, CIC .^tt. 9, IJ^ r tor pghUr, 
 p. neci, Virg. Aen. 2, ??4 ^- .■>"' ,, . _,, 
 issue, in utrumque paratus. b- ^^aU 
 will be r., parata res ent. Plant Men^i, 
 2 ?2 • not I ., unremly, imparatns, Caes. 
 B g'6 ?o: T.-mwle arguments, argu- 
 mentapaUcic. Bnlt.78,2nI•r>■ 
 <Aat object, ad earn rem p., Caes. B. U. 
 
 t 5 ■ more r. to encounter dangers,v^T». 
 tiores ad pericula subeiinda, ib. : a 
 S- thoZghly r. for ^er^^9^ 
 naritissinii ad omnia latronis, t-ic. ad 
 Ct ™^Wps quite r paratissimae 
 naves, Caes. BrG. J, 14- 2 proniptus : 
 Zhaie a thing r. mi the tmiguc aUqu.d 
 in lingua promptum habere, ball. <.>ai. 
 ,0 ak)f a«d r. to engage m war.''. 
 ad bella suscipienda alacer et proniptus 
 animus, Caes. B. G. ,, 19. »•• >'\f"^«'^: 
 promptus ad pugnam. Cic. Mil. 20 5| • 
 a r s.ivjftness in replying, prompta lu 
 respondendo celeritas. Cic. Brut. 42, 154,. 
 a man r. for a jest, promptus ad 
 jocandum. id. Q. Fr. 2, 15 . '"•"^''-^'^ 
 ' t(mgue than hand, lingua quam manu 
 proniptior. Sail. Jug 44 ^ ".""f,;/ 
 nian, prompti^-simus honu), Cic. Verr 
 Ti' 31- of a r. spirit, promptus 
 tiini, Tac. H. i. 2J: r. to suffer^ 
 promptus pati, Lucan 7, to6: r. M 
 irovoke, promptus incessere 6t-at. IheD. 
 n 208 • a soul r. for liberty or dmth. 
 Dromptus libertati aut ad mortem ani- 
 ^X Tac. Ann. 4. 46. J <> i n : promptus 
 et paratus: promptus. parat"''. expe- 
 ditus: promptus et alacer: prompt ^- 
 simus homo et expenens. 3. "^f P«; 
 ditus: active and r. to speak, fa"lis et 
 expeditus ad dicendum. Cic. Bmt. 48. 
 i 180: a r. stale of speaking, expeditum 
 ' genus dicendi,ib.^8, 271: *''« 'f^i''*^ 
 wav to heaven, expeditissimus in caelum 
 reditus, Cic. Am. 4. U- ,. 4. ce.er 
 mm ofr. tmigue, homines bngua/-^^'"'' 
 Cic. de or. I. 18, 8j. 5 . l>be"^ : ^-^'/^ 
 r. mind, libenti animo, Cic. Att. 2, 4- 
 lam r.'to die with thee, ^f^^^^. 
 libens Hor. Od. J, 9. 24- 6. faobs. 
 th^g^s r. to accede to your piayers 
 faciles in tua vota deos, Ov. Her. 16, 
 280 7 pronus: a r.,. ay to honours. 
 pronum ad honores iter, Pli"-^P^8 'o: 
 
 kr^'^^TirTr-Tarr^ 
 
 IZryher I nee mora uUa est qum earn 
 uxorein ducam, Ter. Andr. 5. b, 7 • v. 
 
 " ^adHe' (".)•• Praesto sum: L««- 
 liX!r.fo>me, mihi P^to exat^I. 
 Tic Fam J, 5 : see here u tlie soldier r. 
 Stho° esse) eccum praesto m.l.tem. 
 Plaut. Mil. Glor. 4. 6. I : n'heri theplac^ 
 is r.. quum locus est praesto, Eu". 2, 
 ir,fta Phr. supper ought to oe ' •. 
 :^^am essJ coc.roportuit Plaut. C^. 
 4 I, 8 • while supper is getting ... dum 
 coquitur. id. Men. L ?. ;»• - , 
 
 fiiD-am D Virg. Aen. i, ii>o, for ae 
 S«rerabitum p.. ib. 8. 2,4: ^ ««'fc« 
 Tf<yr war, bellum Pa«^«;. '^^f ^- ?„,^ 
 J g . to make r. to attack, adorm 
 
 ^'arlre, ib. 6. 7: »«*'•■ :,'t"'jf-er 
 le so, quod parato opus est pa^a^ er. 
 Andr ? 2, 4? make r. to ie>u.e) «. 
 MmMVses, para ut Musis ope^s 
 reddas Cic. Fam. 16,10: compare, au 
 
 nnrtn comnarantur. Caes. B. G. 5. 4°- 
 app^ro to^ m^e r. a banquet, appa- 
 Te convivium. Cic. Verr. 4. 2°. 44^ 
 Phr ■ ItviU (TT'ler supper to be got r 
 inM^ caenam coq-.i. Plant, ^t.ch.^ «, 
 5, 2 instituo, ui, utum, ? to mM^e 
 r.'shipsfor the leg.<ms, nav.s legion.bu, 
 
 r::a^:^^s:^^^f^r 
 
 armamentis ministri^que (-"l"™- 4. - 
 
 4 conf icio. fe<i, tectum ? / »" - 
 
 not gel my books r. in t^^'^^'''^^^: 
 
 meos conficere non possum Ins dieDu*, 
 
 cTcQ.F.M.4. ^^'■■- 'J""-':%Z 
 r habeo abs.iluium. . . .efo? ad Uiesa 
 rem, Cic. Q. F. ^. x, r-^t r.V'^m. 
 
 nia- hTpaidihe legmy in r.mmeji^ 
 qiae peciinia mulieri le^. a erat^..eam 
 nraesentem solvit, Cic Cluent. 12, ?4- 
 To purpose anything for a W f^^ 
 inr. mmiev, al.quid tan, grandi mercan 
 praesenii pecnnia, Pl^ut. ^fP'- '• ^' * 
 I 2. numeratap6cuma: Uc. lop ij
 
 REAL 
 
 R K A J, L V 
 
 REAR 
 
 5J : id Fam. lo, ii : or simply pecunia : 
 Suet. Aug. loi : or simply niimeratum 
 (subs.): CIc. Kam. 1,40. IMir. : to pos- 
 sess T. irumr-y, habere in nummis, ("ic. 
 Verr. 2, ?, 86, 199 to larry about uitk 
 oneself some r. vwney, aliquantum num- 
 morum secum ferre, id. liiv. 2, 4, 14: to 
 haoe much r. vuney, in suis numnii.s 
 multis esse, id Verr. 4, 6, II: in suis 
 nummis versari, id. Kosc. C. 8, 22: lo 
 pay ill r. numey, repraesentare. Suet. 
 Aug. 101 : CIc. Att. 12, 25. and 29: pay- 
 meat in r. •money , ropraesentatio, ib. 12, 
 Jl : in pecunia satis facere, id. Fam. 8. 
 12: to buy on trust and sM for r. money, 
 caeca die emere, oculata die vcndore, 
 prov. ap. Plaut. I'seud. i. j, 82 : buy for r. 
 money, argenlo enieie, id. Asin. i, ;, 46. 
 
 real : I. Truf, yinuine, not false 
 or fictitious: 1. ipse (ipMis, oW/o;m). 
 and idem {tlie very person or thing), / am 
 the r. Charmides, whom you have counter- 
 /eitefi, ilium quern emeniiius cs, ego sum 
 ipsus Charm ides, I'laut. I'rin. 4, 2, 14}: 
 the r. ^i'osia, S. idem, id. Amph. 2, i, 50 : 
 the r. state 0/ the case, rem Ipsara, Ter. 
 Andr. 5, j, 2. 2. verus : let what is 
 invented cU'Sely resemble the r., ficta vo- 
 luptati.s causa sint proxima veris, Hur. 
 A. P. }j8 : he mixes false with r., veris 
 falsa remiscet, ib. 151 : r. fears, veri ti- 
 mores, Hor. Od. i, 57, 15 : r. virtue, vera 
 virtus, id. Od. }, 5, 29. 3. sOUdus 
 
 {substa7>tial) : glory is a r. thing, gloria 
 solida res est, uon adumbrata, Cic. Tusc. 
 i, t, i: a r., i. e. substantial benefit, 
 ■oUduni I)enefii ium, Ter. Kun. 5, 2, jz : 
 tlie r. notion of justice, solida justitiae 
 effigies, Cic. Off. }, 17,69. Join: soli- 
 dum verumque. 4. certus {about 
 which there can be. no doubt) : of r. 
 friends you are the most r., ex amicis 
 certis mi es certissimus, Plaut. Trin. 1, 
 2, 57 : Cleanthes regards the upper air 
 as the mostr. god, CI. aethera certis- 
 simum deum judical, Cic. N. D. i, 14, 57. 
 5. germaiius (genuine) : one's r. 
 native-land, g. patria, Cic Leg. 2, 1, j : 
 r. justice, g. Justitia, id. Off. i, 17, 69: 
 a most r. stoic, germanissimus Sioicus, 
 id. Acad, i, 4J, i}2: / knoio that I 
 have been, a r. (downright) ass, scio me 
 asinum germanum fuisse, id. Att. 4, 5. 
 6. sincerus (without aUoy ; un- 
 mixed, guileless) : s. concordia, I'ac. Aim. 
 J, 64 : s. fides, Li v, 29, 4. Phr. : to lay 
 hold of the r. power of a sovereign, but 
 let alone the name, vim principis am- 
 plecti, nomen remittere, Tac. H. 4, 11 ; 
 let us leave fables ami turn to a r. 
 ewnt, dimittanius fabulas : ad rem fac- 
 tam veniamus, Cic. Off. i, 26, 99 ; o )•. 
 Christian, * vere Christiaiius. ||. In 
 law, real property, as opjiosed to personal 
 property: fundus: Cic: v. Diet. Ant. 
 s. fundus: also, praedium (v. e.state) : 
 res soli or res immobiles, I^ig. 2, 8, 15 : A is 
 property consisted of cattle and r. estates, 
 res in pccore et locoruui possessionibus, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 16 : to lay out nvmey ttpon 
 the purctiase of r. property, {lecunias in 
 emtiones praediorum coUocjire, Dig. 17. 
 I, 2. 
 
 real: a small Spanish coin: denarius 
 Hi.spanicus. 
 
 realgar : protostdphuret of arsenic : 
 *arsenicum rubruni factitium. 
 
 realists: *reales; secta philnso- 
 phorum, qui In "rebus," nun in vocibus, 
 verani positam esse pliilosophlam dis- 
 pntabaiit. The adverb "realiter" is 
 used in the same sense by the medieval 
 writers: Du Cange. 
 
 reality : 1. res, risi, /. .- phUo- 
 
 s<>phrrs differing in terms, but agree- 
 ing i7i r., iiominibus difTerentes, re 
 congrueiiles : Cic. Acid, i, 5, i;: r ask 
 you lo rtgard r. as more imprrtant 
 than speech, rogo ut rem poliorem ora- 
 tione duca-s, id. Fam. 11, 28. existing, 
 not in r. but in idea, non re sed opi- 
 nione, id. N. D. ?, 21, jj: when you 
 have draii-n ynur mind from the ideal 
 of virtue to its r., quum animum ab istji 
 pietura imagmibusque virtutum ad rem 
 verltatemque traduxeris, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
 5. 14- 2. Veritas . in everything r. 
 is superior to imitation, in omui re 
 
 vincit imitationem Veritas, id. de Or. i, 
 57, 215. 3. fes vera or ventm : res 
 vera opp. to ficta, id. Am. 7, 24 . do not 
 doubt, for you see lealities, lie dubita, 
 nam vera vides, Virg. Aen. }, Ji6: v. 
 TRUTH. Phr.: to become a r., ad ef- 
 fecium addrtci, Liv. jj, j? : quum ven- 
 tum ad verum est, Hor. S. 1, j, 97 : in 
 reality, re vera, Cic. t^uint. 2 : reipsa, 
 Ter. Heaut. 4, i, 2J : reap>e (i. e. reipsa) : 
 cf. formae, quae reapse nullae sunt spe- 
 ciem autem otferuiit, Cic. Div. i, jr, 80: 
 V. S«'ii. Kp. 108, ji, who remarks on this 
 form ; v. bkai.lt. 
 realization : \. f^if />/««»• •• ad 
 
 efTeclum tonsiliorum pervenire, Cid. 
 Fam. 10, 8. II, 0/ ideas: cognitio 
 et ccimprehensio rerum, ib. j, 15: v. 
 
 KEALIZK. 
 
 realize : I. f^ compute or cany 
 into effect : to r. a plan, ad e»ltum per- 
 ducere, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 169 : the hope of 
 r.ing a plin, spes e.\sequendi consilii, 
 Llv. 7, j8 : to r. expectation, e.xpecta- 
 tionem explere, Cic. de Or. i, 47, 205 : to 
 r. the expectation which you have excited, 
 quam exspectationem tui concitasti, banc 
 sustinere ac tuerl, id. Fam. 2, i . Phr.: 
 having r.d one's intention, victor pro- 
 positi, Hor. Ep. I, I J, 1 1 : not having r.d 
 his plans, inlectis ils quae destinaverat, 
 (,'aes. B. G. i, }}. ||, To present to 
 the mind's eye : 1. ante ocOlos pono, 
 or proponcj, pSsul, posTtum, i : Cic. Agr. 
 
 2, 20, 5J : r. to your mind the joy 
 
 pone ante oculos iaetitiam senatus po- 
 pullque Komani, id. Phil, t, 4^, 115 : 
 / am often \cont to r. to myself, soleo 
 saepe ante oculos ponere, id. Marc. 2, ;. 
 
 2. repraesento, I : the temple r.s the 
 recollection of my consulsliip, templum 
 repraesentat memoriam consulatus mei, 
 id. Sest. II, 26: to r. o thing absent, 
 imagines rerum abseutium ita reprae- 
 sentare animo, ut ens cernere oculls ac 
 praesentes habere videamur, yuint. 6, 2, 
 29. 3. animo cenio, crevi, cretum. { ; 
 or mente comprehendo, di, sum, ? : Cic. 
 N. D. J, 8, 20 and 21. Phr.: k e cannot 
 r. the true notion of justice, except in 
 outline and by sketches, veri juris, . . . 
 solidam et expressam effigiem uuUam 
 tenemus : umbra el imaginibus utimur, 
 id. Off. }, 17, 69. III. To convert into 
 ready money : rSdigu, egi, actum, } Ae 
 r.d his loans, redegit pecuniam. id. 
 Epod. 2, 69 ; money r.d from sale of 
 plunder .... qxtod inde redactum, mili- 
 tibus est divisum, Llv. 5, i6. Phr.: lie 
 had r.d great profits from mines, magnas 
 pecunlas ex metallis fecerat, Nep. Cim. 
 I : cf. Hor, Ep. 1, i, 66. 
 really: I. Jn truth: v. trhlv. 
 
 II. In fact: 1. revgra. v. reauty, 
 fin. 2. vero: he who is r. the man in 
 question, says he is not so, qui vero est, 
 negat, Plaut. Capt. j, 4, J5 : nor r. any 
 (charge) of that kind, nee vero aliquid 
 gusmodi, Cic. Coel. jo, 72 : in real 
 earnest, serio ac vero, Plaut. Amph. }, 
 J, 9. Strengthened, gnimvero: really, 
 chi ernes is too hard uptm tlie young 
 man ! e. Clirenies nimis graviter cruciat 
 adolescentulum, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, i . 
 1^1. : Cic. 3. prOfecio : v. truIv, un- 
 doubtedly. 4. enim (implying a re- 
 ference to some reason readily under- 
 stood) : he exclaims, that that is r. not to 
 be borne! id etnm ferendum esse negat ! 
 Liv. 22, 2; : PI. : Ter. (See L. G. } 654.) 
 
 5. ilemuni : that r. (after all) they 
 say is natural .... id dennmi naturale 
 esse dicuni, Quint. 9, 4, J. I'hr. : not in 
 opinion only, but really . . . non opiiiione 
 solum, sed etlani ad veritaiem persuaderi 
 niihl velim, Cic. N. D. i, 22, 61. — The 
 sense of really is sometimes implied, 
 without being specially expressed, he 
 caused laughter, but was r. himself ridi- 
 culous, fecit risum .sed ridiculus fuit, 
 yuint. 6, I, 48 : that »■»- may be r. what 
 we icish to be r'liarded, ut simus ii qui 
 baberi vellmus, Cic. ()IT. 2, I ?. 44 : if any 
 portion r. retnainsaf ter death, si supt^rest 
 aliquid post limera sensus, Ov. Ep. Pont. 
 I, 2, ll>: contrariety tchich seettteii to 
 exist, not which r, txisted, quae videretur 
 esse, nou qu^ts asset,' repugnantia, Cic. 
 
 Off. J, 7, J4 : taller than he r. inu, ot 
 procerior quam erat, videretur. Suet. 
 Aug. 7}. — Jieally Is sometimes expressed 
 by an Ironical question. Jjo you r. tiiink t 
 itane censes.' Cic. Inv. 2, }2,68 : do these 
 things r. ten if y ui," ai» vero ilia nos 
 terrent .' ib. 2. 28. 60 : do yini r. say . . .. 
 Itane patris ais conspectum veriiuni bine 
 abiisse ? Ter. Pborm. 2, 2. 1 : do ifou r. 
 think/ an censes.' Cic. Sen. 2}. 82. 
 
 realm; |. Lit.: regimm: v.k!ngdoii. 
 II. A region: Phr.; to the r.s above, 
 fiupera ad convexa, Virg. Aen. 6, 241 : 
 rj of heaven, regia caeli, id.^Georg. i, 
 50J : Jssynan r., Assynus orbls, .Juv. 2, 
 108 : / have been expelled fioiu Ofte 
 r.s, hisfiiiibus ejectus sum, Sail. Jug. 14: 
 r.s of light, luminls orae, Lucr. i, 2j. 
 
 ream ("f paper) : pi-rh. s>'apu!i : 
 never more tiian 20 (quim) in a r., 
 iiunquam plures scapo quam vic»-uae, 
 I'liii. N. H. u, 12, 2}. 
 
 reanimate: I. in phy.s. sense: 
 calorem icvoco, i : to r. cold limht, 
 
 I gelidos artus in viviim revocare c«- 
 
 I loiem, Ov. Met. 4. 248 : hf r.s in old men 
 their quencJied fires, extinctos senlbus 
 revocat calores. Sen. Hipp. 291. ||. Of 
 the mind : 1. rficreo, l : to rerrive the 
 .ipirils, lo r. the soul : recreare animum, 
 Cic. I'lanc. 1, 2: v. revi\ e. 2. 5rigo, 
 rexi, cttmi, } (to arouse droiping rpiriis): 
 Cic. Clu. 21, 58 (animum Jaw demlssuni 
 et oppressum erigere) : Liv.: Tac 
 
 reap: |. Toreapcrops: 1. mSlo, 
 messui, messum, j : to r. com -. larra 
 metere, Ov. Fast. 2, 519 : when Uui cunt 
 is ripe, you must r., quum est matura 
 seges, metendum, Varr. K. K. i, 5c. 
 Comp. demfito : seasons for r.ing and 
 gathering fi^its, teropora demeteiidis 
 fructibus et percipiendis, Cic. Sen. 19, 
 70. 2. desSco, 1 : to cut close the 
 corn crops and mea/iows, desecare 
 segetes et prata, Col. 11, i : to r. with 
 sickles, falcibus desecare, id. 2, 18. 
 II. Fig.: to gather or obtain as a 
 renard of labour : Phr.- to reap the 
 reward of anything, fructum ex allqu« 
 re percipere or capere. Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14: 
 to r. tlie results of any labours, rerum 
 fructum repetere, id. Arch, i, 1 to r. 
 some advantage from anything, ex a'.lqu* 
 re aliquid commodi consequi, id. Fin. I, 
 10, }2 to r. rtuards of service, officii 
 praemia percipere, Caes. B C. 2, J2 : to 
 r. (a reward of) glory, gloriam com- 
 parare, Cic. Off. 2, i ;, 4; : laiidem parere, 
 ib. 2, 1 J, 47 : to r. the harvest of evil in 
 return for good, pro benefactis mali 
 messem metere, Plaut. Epid. 5, 2, 52 : 
 as you have sotcn, so will you r., nl 
 sementem fecerit^, Ita metes (pro..), Cic 
 de Or. 2, 6;, 261: you have mixed this 
 mess, and you must eat it up, i. e., r. ike 
 fruits of your conduct, tute hoc intrlsti, 
 tibi omne est exedendum, Ter. Pbi>mi. 
 2,2,4: your descendants will r.thefruitt 
 of your labours, carpent tua poma ne- 
 ix>t<>s, Virg. Eel. 9, 50. 
 
 reaper: I. Lit.: messor: Cic.: 
 
 Hor. : a reaper's iMsket, messoria corbis, 
 Cic. Sest. j8, 82 : r.s' uirrk, messoria 
 opera. Col. 2, 1 }, 2. ||, F 1 g. : a reaper 
 of fruits of crime, messor ecelerum, PI. 
 Capt. ;, ?, J. 
 
 reaping-hook: f'lix messoria. Pall 
 I. 4;. 
 
 reaping-machine : vehiculum ad 
 metendum. l':ill. 7, i, 2. (See the place.) 
 
 re-appear : 1. riMeo, ii, or ivi, 
 
 itum. 4 the sun re-appearing, chases 
 auay stars, rwliens fugat astra Pho«;btls, 
 Hor.Od. J, 21,24. 2. reddor. }: when 
 he r.'dfram the bottom of the sea. quum 
 fundo redditus Imo est, Virg. Aen, S- 178. 
 3. resurgo, rexi, rectum, } : the grass 
 r.g. resurgentes herbae, Ov. .\ni. :, 16, 
 9 : the boat will r., cymba resurget, id. 
 Pont. 4, 8, 28. 4. appareo. ui, ilimi, 2, 
 with rursus or iieruni : Uie horte sunk 
 along with me r.'d, equus mecum ima 
 deniersus rursus apparuit, Cic. D;v. 2, 
 68, 140. 5. emergo. mersi, morsum, j 
 (out of the irater), opp. to demergo : Cit 
 Fin. J, 14, 48. 
 
 rear (f): A. Trans.: |. 7b 
 bring up or educate: \ e<iuco, I: 
 
 64?
 
 REAR 
 
 REASON 
 
 REASON 
 
 the mistreis r.s the girl vxilh great care, 
 bera puelUm magna industria ediicat, 
 PI. Casin. prol. 44: the boys, thus bom, 
 thttsr.'d, pueri, iia geniti, ita edmati, 
 Liv. I, 4. 2. educo, xi, ciuni, j : to 
 beget atid r. a son, tiliuru procreare et 
 educere, Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 124: I have 
 r.'d him from a child, hunc eduxi a par- 
 vulo, Ter Ad. i, i, 2 ;. 3. alo. alui, al- 
 tum and Itum, j : bora and r.'d at Atlteiis, 
 Atheiiis natus altusque, Plant. Rud. }, 4, 
 56: to r. horses or dhgsjor hunting, aut 
 ec(uos aleie aut canes ad VHnandum, Ter. 
 Andr. c, i, jo : tor. animals for the sake 
 of pleasure, animalia alere animi volup- 
 tatisque causa, Caes. B. G. 5, 12. 4. 
 
 enutrio, 4 ,■ Mercurium Naides 
 
 Idaeis enutrivere sub antris, Ov. Met. 
 4, 288. II. To raise : educo, { ; to r. 
 an altar on high, aram caelo e., Virg. 
 Aen. 6, i-jS ; o tower r.'d to heaven, 
 turrls sub astra educta, ib. 2, 461 : v. 
 TO RAISE B. liitrans. : to rise on 
 the hind legs : P h r. ; the horse r.s, tollit 
 se arrectum quadrupes, Virg. Aen. 10, 
 892 : equus priores pedes erigit, Liv. 
 8, T : Ae Tnade (the horse) r., exsultare 
 cogebat, Nep. Eum. 5. 
 
 rear (SMbs.) ; j. Rear of a/n amy 
 »n the march : novissimum agmen : Liv. 
 44, J2: Caes. B. G. 2, 11 : novissimi, ib. 
 2, 2; • extremum agmen, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 1 1 : to annoy the r. -guard on the march, 
 postremos in agniine tentare, Sail. Jug. 
 55. II. Rear of an army in order of 
 battle : novissima acies, extrema acies : 
 Liv. 8, 10 : Sail. Jug. 54, 55 : Caes. B. G. 
 7, 5 J. Pbr. : having attacked tlie r., 
 novissimos adorti, ib. 2, 11 : having 
 pursued the r. too eagerly, novis- 
 simum agmen cupidlus iiisecuti, ib. i, 
 15 : to attack the enemy on the r., ab 
 tergo hostea adoriri, ib. 7, 8"] : to bring 
 up the r., i. e.form the r. guard, agmen 
 claudere or cogere : Curt. 4, 12, 7 •. Liv. 
 i4, 28 : that I may neitlier take the lead 
 nor bring up the r., i. e. be neither first 
 nor last, ut neque duces simus neque 
 agmen cogamus, Cic. Att. 15, ij. 
 
 reason (SMbs.) ; |. intellect, think- 
 ing faculty : 1. mens, tis, /'. : r., to 
 which has been assigned by nature the 
 sovereignty of the entire soul, (mens) cui 
 regiium totius animi a natura tributum 
 est, Cic. Tuso. j, 5, 11 (the thinking part 
 of the soul, mens animi, Lucr. }, 615) : 
 id. 4, "761: to grasp or embrace by r., 
 i. e. understand, mente comprehendere, 
 Cic. N. D. }, 8, 21 : menie complecti, 
 id. Tusc. I, 16, J7 : sound in r., in- 
 teger mentis, Hor. S. 1, j, 65: sanus 
 mentis, Pi. Trin. 2, 4, 5J: mentis com- 
 pos, Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 48 : to be of sound 
 r., mentis suae esse, ib. 21, 50: liereft 
 of r., mentis inops, Ov. A. A. i, 465: 
 id. Met. 2, 200 : egens mentis, id. Trist. 
 2, J95 : mente captus, Cic. Off. i, 27, 
 94 : ^vith r. almost deranged, paene 
 alienata mente, Caes. B. 6. 6, 41 : Suet. 
 Aug. 99: furiata mente, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 588: r. disturbed, mens perturhata, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 24, 54 : conimota m., Hor. S. 2, 
 }, 278 : disturbed in r., mentem con- 
 cusBUs, ib. 295 : mente commotus, Plin. 
 N. H. 2?, I, 16, $ 2j- mente lapsus. 
 Suet. Aug. 48: of weakened r., mente 
 imminuta. Sail. Jug. 65 : to lose one's 
 r., mentem amittere, Auct. Harusp.. 
 15, }2 : a loss of r., mentis demlnutio. 
 Suet. Aug. 99 : departure of r., amentia, 
 which Cic. describes as affectionem animi, 
 lumine mentis carentem, Tusc. j, 5, 10: 
 2. ratio, onis, /. rationed faculty, 
 Lucr. I, 149 : r. tlie mistress and queen 
 of all things, domina omnium et regina 
 ratio, Cic. Tusc. 2, 2i, 47: all things 
 which possess r. surpass those irhich are 
 dermd of r., omnia quae rationem ha- 
 t)ent, praestant iis quae sunt rationis 
 expertia, Cic. Leg, 2, 7, 16 : ihat practical 
 skill ichich we call r., sollertiam quam 
 rationem vocamus, Cic. N. D. j, 27, 69 : 
 let r., nut fortune, guide, agentem te 
 ratio ducat non fortuna, Liv. 22, ?9 : a 
 man possessed of r., rationis particeps, 
 Cic. Off. I, 4, II : devoid of r., rationis 
 expertes. ib. 16, 50 : pecudes ratione 
 Carentes, Ov, Am. I, 11, 25 : wanting 
 646 
 
 r., rationis egentenl, Virg. Aen. 8, 799 : 
 astray from truer., avius a vera ratione, 
 Lucr. 2, 229; right r., recta ratio, Cic. 
 fuse. 4, 10, 2? : sound r., bona ratio, id. 
 N. D. {, 27, 70 3. animus (prop, the 
 emotions or feelings : sometimes in pre- 
 sent sense) : do you preserve your r„ rec- 
 tum animi servas, H»r. S. 2. i. 201 : stas 
 animi, ib. 2ij : bereft of r., inops animi, 
 Virg. Aen. 4, }oo. 4. intelligentia : 
 r. is the faculty by which (the soul) 
 perceives existing objects, i. est per 
 quam (animus) ea perspicit quae sunt, 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 5}, 160: ordinary r., i.e. 
 common sense, communis i., id. Fin. i. 
 16, 44: to fail within reach of r., sub 
 inteliigentiam cailere, id. Tim. 8 : o 
 thing which falls within our r., res, 
 quae in nostram inteliigentiam cadit. Id. 
 Off. ?, 4, 17. things nhuh aie compre- 
 hended not by sense but by r., quae non 
 sensu sed intelligentia contimntur, id. 
 Tim. 8. 5. sapientia : my master 
 has no mare r.(wit) than a stone, (non) 
 habet plus sapientiae quam lapis, PI. 
 Mil. 2. 2, 8j : a disease of the r. (mind), 
 sapientiae aegritudo, Plin. H. N. 7, 51, 
 $171. Phr. : a TManwido/'r., in si piens, 
 Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 5: to be deprived of r., 
 desipere, Hor. S. 2. }, 47. 6. con- 
 silium, i : force devoid of r., vis consili 
 expers, Hor. Od. }, 4, 6; ; weakness of r., 
 inflrmitas consllii, Cic. Mur. 12, 27. 7. 
 pradentia : r. as opposed to ctiance, Juv. 
 J. J65. 8. sound, healthy r., saniias, 
 tatis,/. ; to return to sound r., ad sani- 
 tatem redire, Cic. Fam. 12, 10: to bring 
 back to sound r., ad sanitatem reducere, 
 id. Verr. 2, 40, 98 : the confusion of cor- 
 rupt opinions deprives the soul of sound 
 
 r., pra varum opininnum conturbatio 
 
 sanitate spoliat aiiimum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 10, 2j : a stranger to sound r., alienus a 
 sanitate, Cic. Sull. }o, 8{. Pbr.: to 
 return to sound r., ad bonam trugem se 
 recipere, Cic. Coel. 12, 28 : to recover r., 
 resipisco, ivi, or ui, j : Suet. Aug. 48 : ad 
 te redi, Ter. Ad. 5, j , 8 : se ad se revocare, 
 Cic. Acad. 4, 16, 51. ||, (lood reason, 
 reasonableness : ratio : to approve the r. 
 of the deed, rationem facti probare, Cic. 
 Mur. 2, i •■ you have acted vrith good r. 
 in staying at home, quod doini te in- 
 clusisti, ratione fecisti, id Att. 12, 44: 
 to threaten the commissioneis teas not 
 (consistent with) good r., minari divi- 
 soribus ratio non erat, id. Verr. Act. i, 
 9, 24. III. Reasonable ground, argu- 
 ment : ratio: to be overcome by no r., 
 nulla ratione vinci, Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 48 : 
 this r., combined with the other causes, 
 led them to that opinion, ad earn sen- 
 tentiam cum reliquis causis haec .... 
 ratio eos deduxit, Caes. B. G. 2, 10 : to 
 bring forward a r. tvhy .... rationem 
 
 afferre quamobrem Cic. Caecin. a, 
 
 96 : that r. induced me . . . . , ilia me ra- 
 tio movit, id. Fam. i, 7 : Ae adds a r.for 
 his opinion, cur sic opinetur, rationem 
 subjicit, id. Div. 2, 50, 104: to confirm 
 by far-fetched r.s, exquisitis rationibus 
 confinnare, id. Fin. i, 9, jo : slight r.s, 
 ratlunculae, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 4? : the 
 Stoics uind up their petty r.s, con- 
 cluduiit ratiunculas Stoici, ib. 2, I2, 28. 
 Phr. : I bring forward many sound 
 r.sfor ..... multa affero justa ad im- 
 petrandum, Cic. Att. 9, 15 : we must 
 bting forward a r. on the opposite side, 
 afferendum est in contrariam partem, 
 id. de Or. 2, 5}, 215 : they tyring for- 
 ward no good r., nihil afferunt, id Sen. 
 6,17- IV. Cause: causa: to bring for- 
 ivard a tolerable r., probabilem causam 
 afferre, Cic. Acad. 1, j, 10 : r.s for delay, 
 causas morandi, Virg. Aen. 4, 51 : he 
 would not have done that except for good 
 r.. Id nisi gravi de causa non (ccisset, 
 Cic. Att. 7, 7 : for good r.s, justis de 
 causis, id. Fam. 5, 20 : urich r., cum 
 ■ ansa, Id. de Or. 2, 60, 247 : without r., 
 sine causa, ib. 246 : what r. is there ? quid 
 causae est, Hor. S. i, I, 20 : there is no r., 
 nihil causae est. Quint. 11, j, 59: any 
 other r., quidquam allud causae, Cic. 
 Rose. Am. J, 8. V. -^ ground or rea- 
 son expr. or implied in the antecedent 
 sentence is often denoted by an adver- 
 
 bial relative sentence introduced by 
 
 1, cur : / gave many r.s for going 
 away, multa dixi, cur excusatus abirem, 
 Hor Kp. 1, 9, 7 : an excellent r.for 
 being able to Icnow, none for speaking 
 falsely, justissima causa, cur scire potu- 
 eriiit, nulla, cur mentiantur, Ci<-. tjuiiit. 
 18, ;8 ; v)hat is the r. for which f .... 
 quid est, cur? id. Div. i, 60, 125. 
 
 2. quamobrem, to bring fot ward a 
 r. why . .., afferre rationem, quamobrem, 
 Cic. Caecin. jj, 96: many r.s occurred 
 to me for thinking, multa mihi venie- 
 bant in mentem. quamobrem pularem 
 . . . ., id. Fam. }, 10. 3. quapropter, 
 iihat is the r. firr which you threaten f 
 quid est, quapropter vs minitamini .' 
 PI. Bacch. 5, 2, 28. 4. qnare: you 
 provoke a r. for my vrishitig, accendis 
 qiiare cupiam, Hi>r. S. i, 9, 5^ : now 
 
 listen to the r. for which , nunc 
 
 accipe quare desipiant omnes aeque ac 
 tu, id. 2, }, 46. 5. qiiOd : there is no 
 r. for our thinking, nihil est quod cogi- 
 temus, Cic. Fam. 1,8: I perceived that 
 iU-health was the r. for your absence, 
 quod non affuisses, valetudinem causam 
 fuisse, id. Am. 2, 8. VI. in simple 
 
 (a) questions and (b) inferences, expr. /or 
 what (which) reason by inlerrog. or relat. 
 adv. 1, cur : why (for what r.) do you 
 exhaust me with your complaints f cur 
 me querelis exanimas tuis? Hor. Od. 2, 
 i^. I- 2. quamobrem : (a) for what 
 r. did you (how came you to) know ? 
 quamobrem sciebas, quamobrem suspi- 
 labare ? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 29, 74 : / think 
 you an utter scoundrel. For what r.t 
 Am. Scelestissimum te arbitror. So. 
 Nam quamobrem? PI. Am. 2, i, 2: (6) 
 for which r. let us return, quamobrem 
 ad ilia redeamus, Cic. Am. 26, 100 : for 
 which r. I ask you, quamobrem quaeso 
 a vobis, id. Flacc. 27, 65. 3. qua- 
 propter: (a) for irliat r. do you suspect 
 that to have been donef quapropter id 
 vos factum suspicamini? PI. Most. 2, 
 2, 52: until I go out, wait here. For 
 what r. f Da. dum exeo, opperire hie. 
 My. Quapropter? Ter. Andr. 4, 2, ji : 
 
 (b) for ivhich r. I exhoH you, quaprop- 
 ter vos moneo, Sail. Cat. 58. 4. 
 quare ; (a) why (for what r.) did you 
 say that you would not bring that far- 
 ward f illud quare negasti, te fuisse 
 laturum ? Cic. de Or. i, 16, 71 : why did 
 you (how came you to) dare f quare 
 aiisus ? PI. Mil. 5, 12 : (b)for which r. I 
 so recommend him to you, quare sic tibi 
 eum commendo, Cic. Fam. ij, 71 : for 
 which r. this plan is worthless, quare 
 vanum equidem hoc consilium, .Sail. Cat 
 52. 5. quid : ^chy (for what r.) does 
 he conceal himself f quid latet? Hor. Od. 
 I, 8, 1} : why (for what r.) do I argue f 
 quid ego argumentor, quid plura dis- 
 pute? Cic. Mil. 16, 44: wlMt r. had 
 Calidius to complain, quid erat, quod C. 
 quereretur? id. Verr. 4, 20,45. VII 
 For that r., with or without any condi- 
 tion or purpose stated : 1. iccirco : men 
 will not think you a good citizen for 
 that r., non iccirco te isti bonum civem 
 putabunt, Cic. deOr. 2, 40, 170: for that 
 r. some have asked, iccirco quidam .... 
 quaesivere, Hor. S. i, 4, 45. 2. 
 ideo : for that r. he wished him to 
 become his friend, ideo eum amicum 
 sibi cupiebat adjungi, Nep. Ale. 9 : for 
 this r. I cannot satisfy myself, because 
 .... ideo milii non satisfacio, quod 
 nuUam partem .... consequi porsum, 
 Cic. Fam. i, 8. 3. 60 : and for thai 
 r. its fi^st approaches are difficult, 
 eoque difficiles aditus prlmos habet, 
 Hor. S. I, 9, 55: / have vmtten to 
 you at greater length, for this r. 
 that you might . . . . eo pluribua 
 scripsi, ut intelligeres, id. Fam. i{, 69. 
 
 4. propterea : for that r. he could 
 
 make less use of the com, because 
 
 frumento .... propterea minus uti po- 
 terat, quod ..... Caes. B. G. 1, 16. 5. 
 igitur: for this r. he summons Len- 
 tulus, igitur vocari ad sese Jubel Len- 
 tulum. Sail. Cat. 46. 6. itilque:/or 
 this r. his brother spoke for him, itaque, 
 quoniam ipse pro se dicere non posset,
 
 REASON 
 
 KEASSLKK 
 
 K E B E L L I O N 
 
 verba pro eo focit f rater ^us, Nep. Milt. 
 7- VIII. ^^'iO'ot't r. : 1. fnistra, 
 Cic Div. 2, 6o, 12; . the ptvs are blamed 
 iHthout r., culpantur frustra calami, 
 nor. S. 2, J, •;. 2. de niliilo, a confi- 
 dence adopted wt uxithout r., fiducia, 
 non de nihilo concepta. Liv. jo. 29: 
 vithout r. they boldly abme, de nihilo 
 audacter dicunt contumeiiam, PI. Ciirc. 
 J. ii '7 3, temgre / do not wiiU 
 this nithout r., non scribo hoc Itmere, 
 Cic. Kam. 4, i j. hy r. of : \. prop- 
 ter (with ace); /or iihich r.s {by r. of 
 which thingf) it ii aUoned, propter quae 
 fas est, Juv. 10, 5; by r. of tin- cold, 
 propter frigora, Caes. B. G. I, 16. 2. 
 6b (with ace.) ; for that r., ob earn rem, 
 Caes. B. G. i, i j. 3. prae (v^•ltLal(^).■ 
 b'l r. of the multitude of darts, p. multi- 
 tudine Jaruloruni, Cic. Tubc. i, ^2, 101 ■. 
 prae lacrirais, id. Att g, 12 : p. Kaudlo, 
 Liv. 4, 40. (.N.B. — In this scn.-ic prae is 
 rarely iiMd e.\cept in negative sen- 
 tences ) 4. e.\ : fearful, and by r. 
 of conscience (1. e. in his ht:ait) dis- 
 trusting his out) position, timido et 
 ex conscientia difRdenil rebus suis. Sail. 
 Jug, j2; Cic- more fully, wiih causa: 
 for which r., ex qua causa, Cic. Kep. 2, 7. 
 reason (v.) -. \, I'o possess r., ra- 
 tionera habeo, Liv. 28, 28 Cic Leg. 2, 
 7, 16. II. To discourse, argue. : 1. rS- 
 tiocfnor, i: if ne shall rightly r., si recte 
 raliocinabimur, Cic. I'hil. 2, 22, 55 : thus 
 they r.'d, sic rali.icinubantur, id. Verr. 
 Act. I, •). 20. 2. rppixto, I : r.ing much 
 xoith jnyself, miilta niecuui ipse repuians, 
 Cic. I'ost Ked. 12, ?2: r.iinth yourselies, 
 reputate cum animis vestris. Sail. Jug. 
 85, post init. 3. rationem concludo, 
 si, }: Cic. I>lv. I, ;2, 71. 4. argii- 
 nientnm concludo : id. Fin. }, 8, 27. 5. 
 argumentis ddceo id. N. D. j.d.g. 6. 
 argumenta affero; ib. 10. 7. senno- 
 cinor, I id. Verr. 2, i, ^2, 1 {8. 8. dis- 
 puto, I : I do not r. on either side, non 
 ullam in partem di.'iputo, ib. ;, }, 7 : 
 the Academic custom if r.ing, Academi- 
 corum contra propositum dispuiandi, id. 
 Fat. 2, 4 : thA-y r. closely, enui:leate dis- 
 putant, Id. Tusc. 4, 14, 5j. 9. dissgro, 
 ui, rtum, j : the Socratic method of r.ing, 
 Socratica ratio disserendi, ib. 8: the art 
 of r.itig uell (dialectics), ars bene dis- 
 serendi, id. do Or. 2, j8. 157 : to r. in a 
 subtle manner, subtiliter disserere, id. 
 I'usc. 4, 14, }j. Fhr. : set yourself to 
 work to r., da te in sermonem, id. Att. 
 ij, 2i : r. captiously, cavillor, i, Liv. }, 
 
 20: V. ARGUE, DISCOLMiSE. 
 
 reasonable : I. Having reason, 
 rationis pariiceps, Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 47 . 
 V. RATIONAL. II. Judicious: pru- 
 
 dens: r. in jutlgiug, prudens in exis- 
 timando, Cic. Brut. 68. 219 ; plans of 
 r. men, cx)usilia prudentium, id. de Or. 
 I, 9, j6. Ill, Fair, equitable : 1. 
 Justus: vunre titan r., plus Justo, Hor. 
 Od. J, 7, 24. 2. aequus : more than 
 r., plus aequo, id. S. I, s, 52: taking 
 more than r. paii^.s to pamper their 
 appetite, in cute euranda plus aequo 
 operata (Juventus), id. Ep. 1,2, 29: if you 
 think it r., si ita aequum censes, Ter. 
 Ad. 4, J, 10 : to judge by uhat is r., ex 
 aequo et bono judicare, Cic. Caecin. 2?, 
 65. 3, par, paris : it is r. ice should 
 believe you, tibi nos accredere par est, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 15, 2i ; as was r., ut par 
 fuit, Cic Verr. 5, 4, 10 : it does not 
 seeni r., non par videtur, PI. Bacch. i, 2, 
 Ji. 4. m6dirus; let all transactions 
 6k. r., quae cum populo, quaeque in 
 patribuj aguntur, nio<lica sunto : id est, 
 modesta alque sedatii, Cic. Leg. j, 18, 
 40. 5. mC)destus : a most r. popula- 
 tion, plebs niodestissima, Cic. Agr. 2, 
 it, 84: a most r. man, homo modes- 
 tissimus, id. Arch. 5, 9. |\/, (f mo- 
 derate size or amount: 1, niSdicus: 
 a r sum. of money, pecunia uiodica, Cic. 
 Par 6, 2 : r. interx'als, modica intervalla, 
 Cic. deOr. 2, 87, ?58. 2, mfidiocrls.e: 
 a r. stoutness, (ol body), corpori medio- 
 eris habilus acccsserat, Cic. Brut.91, ji6. 
 3. tSlCrabills, e: at a r. interest {of 
 money) tolerabili foenore, Cic. Att. 6, i : 
 post miicd. P h r. : to buy at a r. price, 
 
 bene emere, Cic. Att. i, 1 j, eztr. : what 
 r. and consistent agreement it there 
 among augurs f quae est inter augures 
 conveniens et coiguncla constantia? Cic. 
 Div. 2. J9, 82. 
 reasonableness : 1. aequius : 
 
 Cic. Caecin. 1 j, 57. 2. modfiriitio 
 / know the r. of your dispiisiiion, 
 Dovi moderationem animi tui, id Sen. 
 I, I. 3. prudentla : the r. {goo<i 
 
 sense') of the audience, auditorum pru- 
 dentia eloquentiae modcratrix, id. Or. 
 8,24. 
 
 reasonably: v. reason (11.), «r«r. 
 
 reasoner : 1. disputator : a suii- 
 tier.: Cic. Off. I, I, J. 2, dialeclTcus: 
 IHodorus a ponerful r., Diodorus valens 
 dialecticus, id. Fat. 6, 12. 3. argu- 
 mentator- Tertull. An. )8. 
 
 reasoning: 1. ratio: to be over- 
 come by HO I ., nulla ratione vlnci, Cic. 
 Tasc. 2, 21, 48- this line of r. will ex- 
 tend itself iiiorv widely, latius manabit 
 haec ratio, ib. 2, 27, 66 ■ see also below 
 (3). 2. riiioiinaiio Cic. Inv. i, J4, 
 57: and}7,67- v. ratiocination. 3. 
 artjiimentitto : in cases so plain is r. to 
 be looked Jor f etianine in tam p«'rspi- 
 cuis rebus argumentalio quaerenda.' Cic. 
 Rose. Am. };, 97 : to infer not only by 
 probable r. but by mathenuitical dimon- 
 stration, non niodo probabili argumen- 
 tatione, sed etiani nicessaria niatheinati- 
 corum ratione concludere. Id. Fin. 5, 4, 
 9. 4. djscepialio: forensic r.s, for- 
 enses disceptationes, id. de Or. 2, 41, 
 175. P h r. : rules of r., disst- rendi prae- 
 cepia, id. Fin. ;, 4, lo- nicety if r., 
 subtilitas disputandi, id. Brut. 8, ji : let 
 us return to the quirks {subtle r.s') oj 
 Chrysippus, ad Chrysippi laqueos re- 
 vertauiur. Id. Fat. 4, 6. 
 
 reassemble: A. Trans.: 1. 
 recoUigo, egi, ectum, j : the multitude 
 having been r.d, multitudine recoUecta, 
 Ju>t. 42, } : 2. colUgo (the force 
 
 of the prep, re, being expr. in the 
 obj. or by in uuum, i. e. after disper- 
 sion) : assembling the remains from the 
 slaughter (i. e. reassemhling Che sur- 
 vivors), reliquias lanfae cladis .... coUi- 
 gentem, Liv. 22, 56: he reassembled the 
 rest at Adrumetum, Adrumeti reliquos 
 ex fuga collcgit, Nep. Hanu. 6: uhen 
 they were r.d after the dispersiim of the 
 panic, quum ex varia trepidalione in 
 unum colligerentur, Liv. 21, 5. 3. 
 cogo, coegi, coactiim, }: having r.d the 
 army by icithdraving all the garrisons, 
 omnibus praesidiis deductis, coacto in 
 imum locum exercitu, Caes. B. C. j, 74. 
 4, coiiduco, xi, turn, j- Metellus 
 r.d his soldiers, niilites in unum con- 
 duxit, Sail. Jug. 51. 5. contraho, xi, 
 ctum, J ; /te r.s his scattered soldiers, 
 dispersos milites in unum contrahit, 
 ib. 98. Phr. : (1). rursus convOco: 
 he r.s the chiefs of the conspiracy, 
 rursus priucipes conjurationis convocat, 
 id. Cat 27. (2). rursus vOco : and 
 being r.d they changed their courses, 
 rursusque vocati convertere vias. Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 581. B, 1 n trans. : rCdco, 
 il, itum, 4 : after dispersion they began 
 to r. in the furum, dllapsi in forum con- 
 globati redibaut (where the meaning is 
 distributed betyeeu tonglobati and re- 
 dibanl), Liv. 5, 41 : v. asskmble. 
 
 reassert : 1. asseverations afiBr- 
 nio: Cic. Att. I J, 2?. 2. Iifiio, i: let 
 him r. ichat he has said, quod dixit, 
 iteret, id. Orat. 40, 1 57. 3. rtipeto, Ii, 
 itum, j: the men of Salamis r. Ihymer 
 to be their countryman, civem suum es.se 
 repetunt, id. Arch. 8, 19; r.ing I tiill 
 warn (i. e. will repeat the asserticn), 
 repetens iterunique iterumque nionebo, 
 Virg. Aen. i, 456. Phr.: lam in the 
 habit of r.ing (i. e. of repeating the 
 assertion), soleo .... crebris usurparc 
 sermoiiibus, Cic. Marc. 2, 5 • v. assert. 
 
 reassume: rCsumo, si,mtum, j: the 
 Tiber forf' its its title of a greai river 
 in the summer, r.s it m the autumn, 
 aesiate imujiiisi flumlnis non)en deserit, 
 autumno resnmit, Pliii. Ep. 5, 6, post 
 med.: v. RKstJJlE. 
 
 reassure : 1. erlgo, rexi, rectum, 
 
 [ } / doubt not, but that lie r.d him 
 ' felf even more hy your lelter. Don 
 dubito, quin tuis Uteris se magis eliani 
 erextrit, Cic. Delot. 14, j8 : he began 
 to r. his d'luncast mind, erigebat ani- 
 mum Jam demissum et oppressum, ib. 
 21. 58: he r.d the state irith the hope 
 of liberty, ad spem llbertalis erexit. 
 A net. dom. 10, 25. 2. ••xcfto, 1: I rxt 
 the senate in its depressed condition, se- 
 natum abjectuni excitavi, Cic. Atl. i, 16, 
 med. 3. recrfio, 1 : I r.d tlieir ituun- 
 cast spirits, recreavi animos afllictos, 
 unumquemque conhriuans, excitans, ib. 
 4. coiifimio, I : t'aesar r.d the 
 minds of the Hauls with a speech, Gal- 
 lorum animos verbis coiifirmavit, Caes. 
 E.G. I, Jj. 5. rfclpio, epi.eptum, } 
 a space for r.itig the mind after fear, 
 gpatium recipiendi a jjavore animum, 
 Liv. 2, 50. 6. r<-v6co, i . r. y(mr 
 minds, rev(xale aninios, Virg. .\<-n. i, 
 202. 7. redint'gro, i : with mind r.d, 
 redintegrato anlino, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 
 
 rebaptism : it<-ratiim ba|iti>ma, re- 
 petituni b., GkI. Theod. 16, 6, 4: Bingb. 
 12,5.7. . 
 rebaptize : 1. rcbaptizo, 1 Cypr. 
 
 Ep. 72: Aug. coiitr. Pom. i, i, 2: Cod. 
 Theod. 16, 6, 4. 2. dcnuo Ij.ipiizo: 
 
 Aug. Inchuat. exp. in Horn. xix. g, 
 Iterum bapll7.o, lb.; Cod. 'i'heod. ift, 
 6,1. 
 rebate ("■) ■■ h. Blunt,\iit\xui,\: 
 
 they were gUul that swords were r.d...,, 
 gladlos hebelari reliindique guudeliaot, 
 Plin. Paneg. 18: v. iii.nxT. B. Abate 
 price: 1. de capite dCduco, Liv. 6, 
 15' thatfiotajxnuy was r.d from any 
 one, iiunimum nullum cuiquam esse de- 
 ductum,Cic. Virr. 2, j, 78, 182. 2. Im- 
 minuo, ui, uium, }; the price being r.d, 
 immlnuto prello, Plln. H. N. J7, i, }, 
 } 6 V. abate. 
 
 rebate {subs.): a. of money, 
 
 demliiQiio, }: Ulp. Dig. ^7, 9, i, } 20. 
 
 B. Jn building or joiner y{Tii\A>et) : 
 
 1. stri:i, or slrix Vitruv. j, }, 
 
 extr : lb. 4, 4. 2. suialura, ib. 
 
 rebeck (nius. Instr.) : l, fidicula: 
 Cic N. I). 2, 8, 22. 2. f Wes. is, /. ; 
 Fest. 6. 3. perh. cithara f v. ourrAB. 
 
 rebel {a<lj.) : 1. r^bellls, e; Tac. 
 Ann. I, 40: Virg. Aen. 6, 8;8. 2. s5- 
 dltiosus: Tac Ann. i, 44. 3. per- 
 duellis: Dig. 50, 16, 2J4. 4. per- 
 duellionis reus: Dig. 48, 4, 11; v. 
 
 BKBELUOCS. 
 
 rebel (subs.) : L rebellis • Tac. 
 P h r. arch-rebel, princeps conjurationis, 
 Cic. Cat. I, n, 27; blood-Uiirsty r., par- 
 ricida civlum, ib. 1 2, 29. 2. hosiia, 
 hostis patriae : ib. 4, 10, 22. 
 
 rebel (''■) •• 1. a republics deficio : 
 Cic. Cat. I, II, 28. 2. seditionem 
 concito : id. Mur. J9, 8}. 3, sedi- 
 tionem commfiveo. Cic Att, 2, i, 6. 
 4, rebello, i: Caes. B. G. 8, 44: 
 Liv. 40, 55. 5. rebcUionem lucio: 
 Caes. B. G. 4, j8. 6. dtsciscM, }vi, 
 or Ti, itum, j and 4: r. against the. 
 Ji. people, d. a populo Roniano, Cic Phil. 
 II, 9, 21. Phr.: ad ns novas con- 
 surgo : Suet. Jul. q : juguui cxuo : 
 Tac Agr. Ji : colla jugo subtrabo, Ov. 
 Rem. Am. 90: jugnm dtyicio, Cic. PhIL 
 
 1, 2, 6 : jussa, iniperium recu«o. the 
 earth «eB«r r.«, terra iiunquam iniperium 
 recusat, Cic. Hea. 1;, 51 : nord..<sAetttet 
 >'., Tiec jussa recusat Aoesles, ^ irg. Aen. 
 
 5, 749. V. KRBELUOU8. 
 
 rebellion : 1. sedltio : a r. had 
 
 broken out, se<tltio exarserat, Tac. Hist, 
 
 2, 27: the r. brrak-ing out again, rccru- 
 descent* seditione, Liv. 6, 18 the r. 
 gaining ground daily, gllscente in dies 
 seditione, lb. 14: the r. of the soldiers 
 Mas quelled by Apfius.svdMo militum 
 sedata est ab Appio, Cic. Alt. 5, 14 ; to 
 crush a r., s<ditionem comprlmo, Liv. 
 5, 2. 2. miStus, us: r. of the slarti, 
 niotiis servilis, Liv. }<), 29. 3. <ii- 
 nuillus, fis: of slaves, Servilis tumultus, 
 Caes. B. G. I, 40' a suddtfi r., repen- 
 tinus lunmltus, lb. 5, 26. 4. rfbelllo: 
 the .tlorini, 11/10 had raised a v., qui r. 
 fecerant, Caes. B. G. 4, }8 : a iharge of 
 r., crimen rebellionis, Liv 8, 14. 5 
 
 641
 
 REBELLIOUS 
 
 REBUKER 
 
 RECAPITULATE 
 
 rgbellatio. Taa A. 14, ji. 6. rgbeU 
 lium, 1, n. : only in Liv. 42, it. 7. 
 discordia. Tac. Hist. 4, i. 8. per- 
 duellio: v. rbbkl (dd;.). Phr. t rouses 
 the slaves to r., servitia condtat, Cic. 
 Cat. 4. 16, 1 ; : planning r., nova mo- 
 lientem. Veil. 2, 129. 
 
 rebellious : 1. rSbeills, e : re- 
 bellis Amor: Ov. R. Am. 246: Galium 
 rebellem : Virg. Aen. 6, 859 • refuses the 
 load vith r. neck, detrectat onus cervice 
 rebelli, Claud. Pros, i, 156. 2. 'e- j 
 bellatrix: Oermania. Ov. Trist. j, 12,! 
 47: proviiicia: Liv. 40, 35. 3. se- j 
 ditiosus: Tac. A. I, 44. 4, turbi'i- | 
 
 leiitus; r. and bad citizens, turbulenti 
 et mali cives, Cic. de Or. 2, ji, ij?. 
 6. tnrbiilus: Tac. A. i, 4!. 6- 
 contumax : a peryple r. toivards their 
 kings, contuniacem . regibus populum 
 suis, Sen. Thyest. 642. 7. indocilis: 
 bearing the iioke on r. neck, indocili 
 jugum colto tvalii'ntes, Hor. Od. j, j, 14. 
 8. insolcTis: the most r. temper of \ 
 the cit.il of M^umantia, insolentissimos 
 N'nnjaatinae urbis spiritus, Val. Max. 2, 
 "7, I. 9. perviciix : the r. Thijads, 
 
 pervlcaces Thyadas, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 9: 
 p. Musa: id. ?, ;» "72. Pbr. : disposed 
 to be r., iiovis rebus iiifidelis, Hor. Epod. 
 16, 6 : novarum rerum cupidus. Sail. 
 Cat. 28 : to be r., novis rebus studere, Cic. 
 Cat. I, I, J ■ fteuos mordeo : Sen. Tranq. 
 15, 17 : rerum novarum causam quaero : 
 Cic. Agr. 2, ;!,9i. 
 
 rebelliouSly : 1. sedttiose : Cic. 
 Cluent. I, I: to speak mast ?•., seditio- 
 sissime dicere, id. Att. 2, 21, j. 2. 
 turbttlentg: to suffer human troubles r., 
 turbulente humana patior, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 •28, 60. 3. turbnlenter . id. Fam. 2, 
 16: extr. 
 
 rebelliousness : animus seditiosus, 
 in seditlouem propensus, etc. : v. rebel- 
 
 LIOCS. 
 
 rebellow : 1. reboo, i : the woods 
 r., reboant silvae, Virg. Georg. j, 22j. 
 
 2. rgmiiglo, 4; the Sibi/l r.s in the 
 cave, antro remugit, id. Aen. 6, 99. 
 
 3. resono, i : the house r.a with 
 wailings, lesonant plangoribus aedes, id. 
 .12, 607. 
 
 rebloom or reblossom : 1. Te- 
 floresco, ui, j : Plin. H. N. 19, 8, 17, § 
 160. 2. revlresco, j : Ov. Met. 2, 
 
 408. 3. revivisco, revixi, }: CoL 4, 5. 
 
 rebound : 1. resllio, ui, and ii, 
 snltum, 4: the lance r.s like hail from a 
 roof, non secus resilit (sarissa) quam 
 tecti a culmine graiido.Ov. Met. 12,480: 
 the rays r., radii vesilinnt, Plin. H. N. 2, 
 ^8, }8, loj. 2. rgsuUo, I : darts r. 
 from, the Itelmel, tela resultant galea, 
 Virg. Aen. 10. jjo : tlie echo of the voice 
 r.s, vocis iiffensa resultat imago, id. 
 Georg. 4, ;o. 3. repellor, pass., j : r,ing 
 from the earth tvith {the earth having 
 been strwk bi/) his feet, pedibus tellure 
 repulsa, Ov. Met. 4, 710. 4. rgper- 
 cutior, pass. : voices r.ing from (;re- 
 fleeted bi/) a bend in a mountain, voces 
 jnontis anfractu repercussae, Tac. A. 
 
 rebuff (".)•• 1. i-epello. repuli, 
 
 pulsum, J : i/ou ii^ill not go away r.'d, 
 iiaud repulsus abibis, Sail. Jug. no. 
 2. rejicio, jeci, Jectum, j ; likely to 
 r. one in his suit, rejectura petentem, 
 Ov. Met. 9, 512: if I n-ere r.'d, si reji- 
 cerer, ib. 606. 3. despiolo, spexi. 
 
 spectum, I ; despectus laibas : Virg. 
 Aen. 4, i6. 4. calcitro, I : Cic. Coel. 
 IS, j6. 5, sperno, sprevi, spretum, 
 •i : let lovers vho shall be r.'d constdt 
 me, me, qui spernentur amantes, con- 
 sultent, Tib. t, 4, 77 v. kejiiCt. 
 
 rebuff (subs.) : 1, rgpulsa {of a 
 candidate J or office) : Scaurus received 
 not only a r. but disgrace, non r. solum 
 retulit, snd ignomlniam, Cic. Off. I, i<), 
 ij8: having met with two r,s, duabus 
 acceptis r., Cic. I'lanc. 21, 51. 2. fasti- 
 dium (scornful treatment) : haughty r.s, 
 Buperba faslidia, Virg. Kcl. 2, 15. 
 
 rebuild : 1. restituo, i-. to r. 
 
 Borne, Komam rcstituere, Liv. 5, ;j : he 
 r.t the ivalls of the Athenians, muros 
 Atheniensiiim restituit, Nep. Them. 6: 
 648 
 
 Sen. Ep.9jU.' ^ 2. rgf Icio, feci, fecium, 
 J until you have rebuilt the temples, 
 donee templa refeceris, Hor. Od. 5, 6, 2 : 
 the toil of r.ing the city, labor reflciendae 
 urbis, Liv. 6, i. 3. rgparo, i (poet.) : 
 to r. the houses of Troy, tecta reparare 
 Trojae, Hor. Od. 3, j, 60. 4. rgpnno, 
 posui, positum, j : to r. broken bridges, 
 pontes ruptos reponere. Tac. A. i, 6;: 
 r. stone by stone, suo quemque loco lapi- 
 (lem reponere, Cic. Verr. i, 56, 146. 5. 
 denuo aedifico, i : the whole house is being 
 r.t, aedificantur aedes totae denuo. Pi. 
 Most. 1,2, J4. 6. aedifico: he destroys 
 and builds, i.e.re6«iWs,diruit,aedificat, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 1, 100. 7. reaedifico, i : 
 TertuU. Pudic. 20 (used only in eccl. 
 Latin : in Liv. 5, 5J, Cic. Att. 6, I, extr. 
 the true reading is aedifico). 8. in- 
 stauro, 1 : Isid. Orig. 19, 10, i : Macrob. 
 Sat. I, 11, post init. 9. restauro, 1: 
 Tac. A. J, 72: ib. 4, 4 J. Phr. : to r. a 
 column entirely, ab integro novani fa- 
 cere (columnam), Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, 147 : 
 to reconstruct, ex redivivis constituere, 
 ib. 148: / wovM have r.t Fergamos, 
 Pergama recidiva posuissem, Virg. Aen. 
 
 4, J44 : the ships having been r.t, navibus 
 ex Integro fabiicatis, Suet. Aug. 16. 
 
 rebuilt, to be : met- and poet. r6- 
 surgo, rexi, lectum, 3 : even if the irallbe 
 thrice r., ter si resurgat niurus, Hor. Od. 
 
 5, J, 65 : thou, Troy, shall be r., evcrsa 
 Troja resurges, Ov. Past, i, ;2J • tlie 
 temples r., renata templa. Mart. 6, 4, j : 
 the history of the r. city, urbis renatae 
 gesta, Liv. 6, 1. 
 
 rebuke ("■) •■ 1. rSprehendo, contr. 
 reprendo, di, sum, } : Caesar r.d the 
 rashness and eagerness of the soldieis, 
 temeritatem cupiditatemque militum re- 
 prehendit, Caes. B. G. 7, 52. 2. ^'itu- 
 pero, I : / dare not r. your advice, tuum 
 consilium vituperare non audeo, Cic. 
 Mur.' 29, 60. 3. objurgo, i- he r.d 
 
 my bashfulness, meam verecundiam 
 objurgavit, Cic. y. Fr. ;, j. 4. in- 
 cuso, I : he strongly r.d the centurions, 
 vehementer incusavit, Caes. B. G. 1,40. 
 5. increpo (avi, atum), ui, itum, i : 
 they r. their conceit, increpant eorum 
 arrogantiam, Cic. Acad. 4, 2j. 74. 6. 
 incrSpito, I : to r. the Belgae, increpitare 
 Belgas, Caes. B. G. 2, 15. 7. redar- 
 gue, ui, }: Ir. your inconsistency, in- 
 constantiam tuam redargue, Cic. l)om. 
 9, 21. 8. e.xprobro. i : to r. me because 
 J continue in that state of life, expro- 
 brare,quod in ea vitii maiieam, Cic. Fam. 
 5. '5- 9. corripio, ui, reptum, j : the 
 consids being r.d, detei-mine, correpti 
 deceniunt, Liv. 2, 28: you r. as you 
 ought, the faults of your unwise friend, 
 corripis, ut debes, stulti peccata sixJalis, 
 Ov. Pont. 2, 6, 5. 10. '". severely, 
 exagito, I : Aeschines exagitat Demo- 
 stheuem : Cic. Or. 8, 26. Phr.: castigo 
 verbis : masters are wont to r. their boys, 
 pueros magistri castigare solent verbis, 
 Cic. Tusc. }, 27, 64: id. Off. i, 25, 88: 
 conviciuni facio; id. Att. 16, 8. 
 
 rebuke (subs.): l. rgprehensio: 
 Cic. Or. I, I : to hit alone the r. of fault, 
 rulpae reprehensjonem reilnquere, id. 
 Phil. 12, 10, 25. 2. vitflperatio : to 
 rejoice because J had escaped tno serious 
 r.s, laetari quod effugisgem duas niaxi- 
 mas vituperationes, ib. 16, 7. 3. ob- 
 jurgatio : Cic. Am. 24. 89. 4. ca.sti- 
 gaiio: id. Off. i, 25. 5. convlcium: 
 / have scourged you ivith the silent r. 
 of conscience, verberavi te cogitationis 
 taciio convicio, id. Fam. 16, 26 : see 
 however Off. 3,21, 8j : where convicium 
 bears a stronger meaning ■ you express 
 trim but too late r.s of my fault, vera 
 facis sed sera meae convicia culpae, Ov. 
 Pont 2, 6, 7. 
 
 rebuker : 1. rgprehensor : Ov. 
 
 Her. 17, 219. 2. objurgator: we can 
 appease kindly r.s, benevolos objurga- 
 lores placare possiimus, Cic. N. D. i, 
 }, 5. 3. castigator : Brutus the r. of 
 idle complaints, castigator inertium 
 querelarura, Liv. 1,59. 4. correptor 
 not an enemy, Imt a r. of wrong-doers, 
 non hostis, sed correptor peccantium, 
 Sen. Ir. 2, 10, 4 . tlie worst men bear a 
 
 r. most impatiently, pessimus quisque 
 correptorem asperrime patitur, ib. }. 
 27, I. 
 
 rebus : *aenigma figuris expressum. 
 
 rebut : 1. rgpello, repuli, pul- 
 
 sum, } : that rejYroach may be r.'d, con- 
 tumelia repellatur, Cic. Off. i, j8, 137. 
 2. refello, felli, 3 ; he r.'d the taunts, 
 convicia refellebat. Suet. Ner. 41 : to 
 r. by arguments, refellere argumentis, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 19, 88. 3. redargue, 
 
 ui, J r.m^e if I speak falsely, redargue 
 me si mentior, Oc. Cluent. 23, 62 : he 
 tcould have r.'d the charge, crimen redar- 
 guisset, Quint. 1 1, I, 9. 4. respondeo, 
 di, sum, 2, intrans., loll, by dal. : ivhen 
 I shall fuioe r'd the charges, quum cri- 
 minibus respondero, Cic. Plane. 3, 4. 
 
 5. response, i : to r. piroud fortune, 
 fortunae responsare superbae, Hor. Ep. 
 I, 1, 68. 6. rgfero, retuli (rett.), latum : 
 how do I r. this argument / quid a nobis 
 relertur.' Cic yuint. 13,44: v. rkply. 
 
 rebutter : 1. replicatio : J ust. 
 Inst. 4, 14: Julian. Dig. 27, 10, 7: ib. 
 44, 2, 24. 2. rfiprfihensio : an argu- 
 inent by which the adversaries' assertion 
 is confuted, per quam adversariorum 
 confirmatie diluitur, aut infirmatur, Cic. 
 Inv. I, 42, 77. 
 
 recall : 1. rSvoco, i : tlie report 
 r.'d the .'^amnites to Caudium, Samnites 
 ad Caudium revecavit, Liv. 9, 27 : to r. 
 one's step, revocare gradum, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 128 : he determined to r. the soldiers, 
 (milites) revocare constituit, Caes. B. C. 
 I, 27: r.'d (as an actor or reciter), re- 
 vocatus, Cic. Arch. 8, 18: Camillus r.'d 
 from banishment, revocatus de exsilio, 
 Liv. 5, 46. 2. dev6co, i r there is no 
 reason for their r.ing him from his pro- 
 vince, nihil est, quod eum a provincia 
 devocent, Cic. Prov. 12, 29. 3. rgpeto, 
 j ivi, and ii, itum, i : wlien I r. the me- 
 mories of the past, memoria vetera repe- 
 tenti, Cic. de Or. i, i, i : ring her coun- 
 tenance, repetens faciem, Ov. Met. 6, 491 : 
 4. redigo, egi, actum, 3 : he r.'d to 
 his recollection, in memoriam redegit, 
 Cic. Fam. i, 9, post init. 5. rfiduco, 
 xi, ctum, i : to r, to memwy, reducere 
 in memoriam, Cic. Inv. i, 52. 98 : to r. 
 some one from banishment, quemdsmi 
 de exsilio reducere, id. Phil. 2, 4, 9. 
 
 6. rgtraho, xi, tractum, 3 ■ why da 
 you r. mef quid.... me retrahls? PI. 
 Rud. 4, 3, I J. 7. retracto, i . there 
 is no reason for the Aeneadae to r. their 
 words, nihil est quod dicta retractent 
 Aeneadae, Virg. Aen. 12, 1 1 : thelargesses 
 ought not to be r.'d, largitiones retract^ri 
 non oportet, Plin. Ep. 10, 112. 8. re- 
 stituo, ui, iitum, 3 : a just cause fm- r.ing 
 me, causa Justa restituendi mei. Cic. Mil. 
 14, j6. Phr.: rchy did you choose to r. 
 mef quid me reducem esse voluistis? 
 (Jic. Mil. 37, 103 ; tt r.'d soldier, evocAtus : 
 o steady band of r.'d soldiers, evoca- 
 torum firma manus, Cic. Fam. 15, 4: 
 the voice once despatclied cannot be r'd, 
 nescit vex missa reverti, Hor. A. P. 390. 
 
 recall (subs.) .• 1. receptus, iis : 
 the signal of r. having been given, signo 
 receptui date, Liv. 2, 62 : he ordered the 
 r. to be sounded, receptui cani jussit, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 47. 2. rfiviicatio : vje 
 cannot hear the signal of r., revoca- 
 tionem a bello audire non possumus, Cic. 
 Pliil. 13, 7, 15: ther. of a word, revo- 
 catio verbi, id. deOr. 3, 54, 206. 3. rS- 
 ditus, lis : if you lave me obtain a r.for 
 the men, reditum, si me amas,...homi- 
 nibus confice, Cic Fam. 9, 13. 
 
 recant : 1. recanto, 1 : having 
 r.'d your reproaches, recantatis oppro- 
 briis, Hor. Od. i, 16, 27. 2. retracto, i : 
 V. RECALL. Phr.: palinodiam cano, 
 Macrob. Sat. 7,5: v. bfcast.\tion. 
 
 recantation : 1. receptus, us : a 
 time for r. of too intolerant a sentiment, 
 tempus ad recepium nimis pertinacis 
 sententiae, Liv. 4, 57. 2. ToAii'wSia: 
 Cic. Att. 4, 5 : ib. 7., 7. In Cicero's time 
 the Greek word appears te have been in 
 use, which later was written in Roman 
 letters . see Macrob. Sat. 7, J. 
 
 recapitulate : 1. enismgro, i. 
 2, in unum locum cogo: Cic. Inv.
 
 RECAPITULATION 
 
 RECEIVE 
 
 RECEPTION 
 
 1, 52, 98. 3. colligo, legl, lectum, } : 
 Auct. nd Herenn. l, }o, 47. 4. itia 
 comprehensione omnia complectur ; Cic. 
 Kill. ;, 9, 26. 5. rgpeto, ii, unci ivi, 
 ttutn, } ■ nhal we liaoe to r. muit lie run 
 tiuimgh point by point, quae n-pf lemus 
 deciirreiidum per capita, yuitit. 6, I, 
 
 2: V. BKCAriTlII^MlON. 
 
 recapitulation: 1. enumerntio; 
 
 tlius (id. by Cic. (a) per niiaiii res (li«- 
 porw! et diffuse dictae, unuiii in lucum 
 coguntur : Cic. Inv. i, 52, 98. {)>) per 
 quam colligimus et commoiii'inus, qui- 
 bus de rebus verba focerimus, brevlter, 
 Auct. ad Herenn. 2, jo, 41 : to add a r., 
 subjicere enumeratioiicm, Quint, 6, 1, } : 
 repetition and collection, which some 
 Latin writers call enumeratio, ri'petilio 
 et congregulio, Graece avaK((t>aAaiut<Ti';, 
 a quibusdam Latinorura enuuifratiu : 
 Quint. 6, I, I. 2. comprehensio : v. 
 BECAPiTULATE (4). 3. collectio : Cic. 
 Brut. 88, }02. 4. rgpCtitio. 5. con- 
 grCgatio : see above (1). 
 
 recapture ("•) •• 1. rCcipio, cepi. 
 
 ceplum, J : Fiibiiiswhor.d 'I'areiiluiH.nui 
 Tarenlum recepit, Cic. Sen. 4, 10. 2. 
 rScupero, i : Ike citij haeiny been r.d 
 from the Romans, recuperaia urbe ab 
 Komaiiis, Liv. 26, jg: v. bkco\ f.r. 
 
 recapture (subs.).- 1. by verb: 
 being detained some days in the r. of 
 tlie cities <f the Uruttii, reteiUus aliquot 
 dies in recipiemiis civitatibus Bruttio- 
 ruin, Liv. 2J, 11. 2. recTpenitio 
 
 (rCcup-) Just. }o, I. 
 
 recast : 1. recoquo, xi, ctum, } : 
 tkey r. their fathers' swords, recoquunt 
 patrios fornacibus enses, Virg. Aen. 7, 
 6{6 : they made suwds out of iron r., 
 e ferni recocto gladios I'ecerunt, Klor. 
 i, 20, 6. 2. r6f icio, feci, fectum, ? : 
 / send (the original) revised and re- 
 cast in many places, (ap;(e'ru7roi') mitto 
 crebris locis inculcatumetrefectuni, Cic. 
 Att. 16, }. 3. rfifiiigo, }: or perh. 
 refigo, xi, xuin, j the bees r. their 
 waxen palaces, cerea regiia refingunt 
 (retigunt?), Virg. Georg. 4, 202. 4. 
 r6n6vo, i: orationem- Auct. art Herenn. 
 
 2, JO, 47. 5. resciibo. psi, ptuni, 5 : lu 
 r. luw-speeclies, actiones, Plln. Kp. 5, 8 : 
 r. commeittaries, cummeutarios, Suet. 
 Jul. ;6. 6. retracto, i : to r. the 
 poems of friends, carmina amicorum . . . 
 retractare, Suet. Gram. 2 : about to r. 
 my treatise, a-uvrayiia retractaturus.Cic. 
 Att. 16, J : / intend to r. these lav- 
 cases, lias (causas) destine retractare, 
 Plin. Ep. !(, 8. 7. confii), i : siclcles 
 are r. to mala: a siroid, t'alces conflantur 
 in ensem, Virg. Georg. 1, 508. 
 
 recede ; 1. reoedo, cessi, cessum, 
 J ; tlie lands and cities r. (from view), 
 terraeque urbesque recedunt, Virg. Aen. 
 i, 72 : you r. from your n:in-ds, a verbis 
 recedis, Cic. Caecin. i j, 57 : a painter 
 maJces us believe that some parts in his 
 work project, and others r., efflcit, ut 
 quaedam erainere in opere, quaedam re- 
 cessisse credamus, (.^uint. 2, 17, 21. 2. : 
 dlscedo: one ought not to r. from one's 
 conscience even a finger's breadth, a recta 
 consclentia transversum iniguem non [ 
 oportet discedere, Cic. Att. ij, 20. 3. 
 secedo: as much as from the highest, so I 
 much did the globe of the earih r. from 
 tlie lowest, quantum a sunimis, tantum 
 secessit ab imis terra, Ov. Fiisl. 6, 279. 
 4. r6liiglo, iiigi, } : the Euxine en- 
 croac/ies on the lands r.ing to a great 
 distance, longe rel'ugientes oceupat 
 terras, Plin. H. N. 4, 12, 24, $ 76. 5. 
 rf labor, psus, } the r.ing tvaters, rela- 
 bentes undas, Claud, laus Ser. 79. 6. 
 rffluo, } : 'liber r.ing stopped, Thybris 
 refiuens substitit, Virg. Aen. 8, 87: v. 
 
 RETIRE. 
 
 receding (part.) .- 1. rSfugus ; 
 
 TUntalus caught at ther. it'ater, uudam 
 captavil refugtim,Ov. Met. 10, 42. 2, 
 rCfluus . the Jiuxine Jloirs into the Pro- 
 pontis, the sea neivr r. entirely into the 
 Jiuxine, prorsus in Ponlnin nunquam 
 lefluo mari, Plin. H. N. 2, 97, 100, ^ 219. 
 receipt (subs.) • |. Act of re- 
 
 ceiving : 1, acceptio : Cic Top. 8, J7 : 
 or witb the verb: after the r. of the 
 
 letter, acceptis Uteris; of. Cic. Kam. i, 
 9, 26: after Itie r. of the money, 
 pecunia accepla; cf. id. Off. 2. 2f, 82. 
 2. rficeptiu : I'l. Asln. 5, 2, 70. 
 II. Legal r. or release: 1. ac- 
 ceptlliilii), or in two words, accepti latio : 
 unless the r. agree with the bond, the 
 release is incomplete, nisi consentiat ac- 
 ceplil.itio cum obligatione . . ., imper- 
 lecui est liberatio, Paul. Dig. 46,4, 14: 
 V. Diet, of Ant. p. 2. 2. apOeha: there 
 is no r. until the money be paid, apocha 
 non alias contingit, quam si pecunia 
 soluta sit, Ulp. il). 19. |||, Value re- 
 ceived : 1. acceptum : r. and expen- 
 diture ought to have been entered in a 
 book, in codicem acceptum et expensurn 
 referri debuit, Cic. Kosc. C. J, 8 : so 
 that the proportion of r.s and payments 
 may be equal, ut ratio par sit acceptorum 
 et datorum, id. Am. i^, 58 : e7iter or 
 acknowledge as a r., habeo acceptum: 
 what I promised you, do you acknou}- 
 ledge as received, i. e. treat as a r. ? 
 quod ego tibi promisi, habesne acceptum? 
 Ulp. Dig. 46, 4. 6. 2. rgdftus, us : 
 every one likes his own r.s, reditus 
 quisque suos amat, Ov. Pont. 2, i, 17 : 
 V. pitOKrr, RF.vrjJUE, retlrn. |V. 
 Medical orr culinary prescription or re- 
 cipe : compositio : / vrite down whole- 
 some adnumitims, like r.s for useful 
 medicines, saluLares admonitiones, velut 
 niedicamentorum ulilium conipositiones 
 liieri.-: mandu. Sen. Kp. 8, 2 : see also 
 Vegel. Veter. I, 17, and Aplcius, i, I. 
 
 receive : 1. accipio, j (gen. term) : 
 what he gifes, we r., quod dat, acti- 
 pinius, Cic. Fam. 1,1: lerres r.s the 
 money, pecuniam accipit, id. Verr. 2, 9, 
 25 : the Parthian lead^.-r r.d a wound, 
 du.\ Parthorum vulnus accepit, id. Fam. 
 >, 20 : he increased the glory r.d from 
 his lather, gloriam a patre acceptam 
 au.xit, Nep. Tiraoth. I : u-he7i Dido shall 
 r. you in her lap, quum te gremio acci- 
 plei Dido, Virg. Aen. i, 685. 2. eapio, 
 cepi, captum, 3 : until tlie land of Kgypt 
 r.d them xvearieA, donee lessos Aegyptia 
 tellus ceperit, Ov. Met. 5, ^24 : / r.d 
 great pleasure from your letter, niagnam 
 voluptaieni ex tuis literis cepi, Cic. Fum. 
 ir, 28. 3. excipio, j (to r., meet, or 
 entertain a person or thing coming) : he 
 must r. all the shots, omnia tela excipiat, 
 necesse est, Cic. Verr. 2, 72, 177 : on my 
 departure from great Rome, Aricia r.d 
 mi:, egre.'isum magna me excepit Aricia 
 Koma, Hor. S. i. 5, i : ive hear that the 
 envoys were veil r.d, audimus (legatos) 
 benigne exceptos, Liv. 41, 24 ; benigno 
 vultu, ib. JO, 14 : he is r.d with an 
 outcry (of displeasure), cxcipitur ila- 
 more, Cic. Verr. 5, j6, 94. 4. per- 
 
 cipio, J (to get) ; tJ) r. rewards, praeniia 
 percipere, Caes. B. C. 2. ;2: ive r. by 
 the mind impressions from without, 
 animo, quae extra sunt, percipimu-s Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 59, 147. 5. rCcipio, j : if the 
 peojile had r.d so much out oj his goods, si 
 tanluni ex ejus lx)nis popiilus recepisset, 
 (Jic. Rab. I J, J7 ; they say that the Lace- 
 daemonians r.d the old man to a seat 
 aminig themselves, senem ilium sessum 
 recepisse, id. Sen. 1 8, 6 ;. 6. suscipio, j : 
 they r. the warm blood in bowls, tepidum 
 cruorem suscipiuiit pateris, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 249: scars r.din war, susceptae bello 
 cicatrices. Quint. 6, i, 21. 7. prae- 
 cipio, J . take or r. an inheritance lief ore- 
 hand : Plin. Ep. ;, 7 : Papin. Dig. "17, 2, 
 81. 8. fero, tuli, latum, j : nh'ti you 
 hare r.d that answei- from me, quum id 
 a me responsum tulisses.Cic. Cai. i, 8, 19. 
 
 9. asciseo, ivi. Hum, j (into a code 
 of laws) : if the allies of the pa>ple a?i<i 
 the Latins should have r.d what the 
 Roman people ordered, then the people 
 icould be bound .... si Id ascivissent 
 socii populi ac Latini, turn lege eadem 
 is populus tenerelur, Cic. Balb. 8, 20. 
 
 10. ascribo, psi, ptum, j (into a 
 bodj'. of citizens, or the like) : he thought 
 projier to be r.d into that city, ascribi se 
 in earn civitatem voluit, Cic. Arcb. 4, 6. 
 
 11. cfiopto, I (by c/ioice of mcmtxrs 
 of on existing body): it was necessary 
 that an old citizen should be r.d, veterem 
 
 civem cooptari necesse eral legibus, Cic 
 Verr. 2, 50, 124 : / am anxious that my 
 ion Cicero should be r.d into your cor- 
 poration, in collegium vestnim cooptari, 
 Cic. Ep. ad Brut. ;. 12. admitto, j ■ an 
 attempt was matle to prevent the envoyt 
 from being r.d, data est opera ne 
 (legati) admitterentur, Liv. 41, 24. 13. 
 aggrggo, I . / am wont to r. you into 
 our number, te in nostrum numeruoi 
 aggregare soleo, Cic. Mur. 7, 16. i' h r. : 
 / have devoted myself to r.ing visitt 
 from my friends, salutationl uos de- 
 dimus amicorum, Cic. F»m. 7. 28 : tio 
 one called on me, whom I was too biuy 
 to r. (" not at home "), cui fuerlm 00 
 cupatus, Cic. Sen. 10, }2: / r.d great 
 pleasure in hearing, maxima sum U»- 
 titia affectus, quum audivi, ib. 15, -j • 
 to tie Will rjl by mm of tatle, a doctiB 
 probari, Cic. Brut. 50, i8ij : / am, de- 
 cidedly, r.d coldly, plane Jam frigeo, Cic 
 Fam. II, 14: he was r.d with hiue*, 
 sibilis explodebatur, Cic. Rose. C 11, 
 JO: r. vs with fairness, ade.^te aequo 
 animo, Ter. prol. Andr 24: to r. with a 
 smile, arridere ; witli scum, dcridere : 
 
 V. TO DF.RIDK. 
 
 receiver: |. One who receives: 
 
 1. receptor (usu. in a bad sense) : 
 r. of plunder, r. praedarum. Tac. A. 4, 
 2 J. 2. rSceptri.x, /. ; of plundered 
 and stolen goods, praedarum ac furtorum, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 8, 17. 3. rC'ccplalor (in 
 the habit of receiving) : of roljbel, 
 latronum, Cic Mil. ly, 50. 4. '^• 
 tionalis (of rents and money) : I.,ampr. 
 Alex. Sev. 4; : he soon changed his rj, 
 rationales cito muutbat, ib. I'br. : 
 the duty of a r., rationale officium. Cod. 
 10, 19,6. 5. susceptor: (a) of money, 
 pecuniarum, Ascon. in Cic. Verr. 2. 1. (9, 
 102 : (6) of stolen goods : Ulp. Dig 1 1 , 
 5, I. 6. exactor (of customs) : Caes. 
 B.C. J, J2. 7. pfirtUor (of customs) : 
 Cic. Off. I, 42, 150. II. Vessels for 
 r.ing: exeipiila, orum : having placed 
 the r.s undrnieath .... subditis excipu- 
 lis . . . . humor iactis videtur effluere, 
 Plin. H. N. 25, 7, j8, 5 78 . ib. 9, 22, j8. 
 $ 75: baskets for r.ini/, quali exceptorii, 
 Dig. JJ, 7, 8. 
 
 recent : 1. r6cens .- to be elated 
 Willi a r. victory, recenti victoria efferri, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 47 [recens wider in range 
 than novus]. 2. pr6pior, us (mart 
 recent) : I come to the more r. tetter, 
 venio ad propiorem epistolam. Cic. Att. 
 15. i- 3. crudus (lit unrij>e, raw: 
 a highly fig. expr.): r. slavery, c. serri- 
 tium, Tac. A. i, 3 : r. nvunds. c vulneni, 
 
 Ov. i'rist. ?, II, 19: v. KUKSH, NEW. 
 
 recently: rtcens: nuper: v. LATKLr. 
 
 receptacle: 1. receptaculnm ; (the 
 stomach) a r. for food and drink, oibi 
 et potionis, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, ij6- f>r 
 enemies, bostlum, Liv. i, i]: for mer- 
 chandise, mercibus. id. j8, jo : the sewer, 
 a r.for the filth of the city, purgamen- 
 torum urbls, l.,iv. i, 56: r.s for water, 
 receptacula aquae, Vitruv. 8. 7. 2. e»- 
 clpiila, orum ; see keceiver (IJ.). 3, 
 licus, us, m. ; for water: Plin. H. N. 
 j6. 15, 24, $ 121 : for wine, Ov. Fa.-t, 4, 
 888: Tib. 2, ;, j6: lacus vinarius, Cato 
 K. Pk. 25 : Col. 1,6. 14. 4. ittbriini: 
 Virg. Georg. 2, 6 . v. vat. 5. cella, 
 ae : for wine, vinaria ; for bread, pena- 
 rla; for oil, olearla : Cic. Sen 16, 56; 
 Col. I, 6, 9 : cella proma, a storetwise, 
 TertuU. Res. Cam. 27. 6. cisierna, 
 ae: Col. I, 5.2. 7. cellSriuni: I'ertulL 
 u. s. 8. '■••". 'oc' recepturii, ib. 
 
 reception; 1. riTiptlo (rare): Pi. 
 Asln. 5, 2, 70 : where It Is loll, by an acc^ 
 reccpiio meum virum Ulp. Di^. 8, 4, la 
 
 2. aditus, lis. m. (arcest Jar inter- 
 view) : he did not give r. to peti- 
 tioners, a. petentibus conveniendi non 
 dabat, Nep. Pans. ? : o more friendly 
 r., a. fanilllarlor. Liv. 14, 5. 3. con- 
 gre.-isus, fis, m.; more difficidt r., con- 
 gressus durior, Tac. A. 4, 74. 4. 
 hospiiiuin, «..• we are excluded from 
 r. on the sand, bospillo prohiliemur 
 arenae, Virg. Aen. i, 540 : preys upon 
 one's estate by constant ra of usiyfarert, 
 assiduls deverteutiimi bospitiis infestat 
 
 649
 
 KECEPTI V E 
 
 RECKLESSNESS 
 
 RECKON 
 
 rem famillarem, Clol i, 5, i. 5, ad- 
 
 mlssio ; facility of r, admissionum faci- 
 litas, Plln. Paneg. 47 : the office of r., 
 offlcium adniissionis, Suet. Vesp. 14. 
 P h r. : u>hen he by great solicitation ob- 
 tained a r., quum adniitti magna ambi- 
 tione aegre obtinuisset. Just, i, }. Q, 
 ascitus, lis, m. : the r. of pleasure (is) t/i^ 
 absence of pain, ascitum (voliiptatis) 
 doloris vacuitatem, Cic. Fin. ;, 7, 17. 
 Pbr. : meet ivith a favourable or unfa- 
 vourable r. : V RECF.IVE (3). 
 
 receptive; 1. rgceptrix Apui. 
 
 Mund. 19, p 26; (Elm.). 2. recep- 
 torius, a, urn ; Tertull. Res. Cam. 27. 
 
 3. dOcilis, e Hor. Od. 4, 6, 4}. 
 
 4. c3,pax. acis: r ears, aures ca- 
 paces, Cic. Or. 29, 104. 
 
 receotivity ; capacitas : Cic. Tusc. 
 I, 25, 61. 
 recess : I. face of retirement : 
 
 1, rgcessus, us. m. : a cave in a deep 
 r.. Ion go spelunca recessu, Ov. Met. 11, 
 592 (M e t.) r.s in men's minds, in 
 animis bominuin latebrae et recessus, 
 Cic. Marc. 7, 22 2. secessus, us, m. 1 
 a place in a deep r., in secessu longo 
 locus, Virg. Aen. i, 159. 3. adytum . 
 from, the lowest rs, adytis ab imis, id. 
 5> 84. 4. latebrap, arum : r.s of life, 
 latebras animae mucrone resolvlt, id. 
 10, 601. 5. latibfiluin • like a serpent 
 
 from its r., tanquam serpens e latibulis, 
 Cic. Vat. 2, 4. 6, pfinetrale, is, n. : 
 
 r. of the city, penetrate urbis, Liv. 41, 
 20 in the r.s of the house, tecti in 
 penetralibus, Virg. Aen. 7, 59 r.s of 
 the roi/al dwelling, veterum penetralia 
 regura, ib. 2, 484. 7. zOtheca, or 
 
 zotliecula ■ (a cupboard or shelf), Plin. 
 Ep. 2, 17 ■ Sidon. Ep. 8, 16. Ph r. inind- 
 ing recesses, sinus reductos, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 161 : r.s of the earth, terrae abdita, 
 Lucr. 6, 819: r.s of the woods, occulta 
 saltuum, Tac. A. 1,61. ||. Ilnlydays: 
 feriae: forenses f., Cic. de Or. j, 22. 8; : 
 days of r., dies feriati, Plin. Ep. 10, 24 : 
 
 T. HOLYDAYS. 
 
 recipe ; v. receipt. 
 
 recipient : v. receive, receiver. 
 
 reciprocal ; 1. miltuus : the r, 
 good will of a friend, amici mutuabene- 
 volentia, Cic. Am. 6. 22 : equal and r. 
 kindnesses, oRicia paria et mutua, id. 
 Fam. I?, 6; • disliked by Agrippina 
 "with r, hatred, mutuis odlis Agrippinae 
 invisu.s, Tac. Ann. 14, j . v. mutual. 
 
 2. rgciprScus taliones reciprocae, 
 Gell. 20, I, j6 : Varr. L. L. 7, 81. v. re- 
 taliation, RECIPROCITY. 
 
 reciprocally : 1. miituo • love me 
 
 r. (as I love you, a form of concluding a 
 letter), me mutuo diligas, Plane, ap. Cic. 
 Fam. 10,7 : ib. 15 : ib. 17. 2. vicissim : 
 we ash and grant this allowance r., banc 
 veniam petimusque damusque vicissim, 
 Hor. A. P. II. 3. invicem: that we 
 may love r. (each other} m<yre warmly, 
 invicem ardentius diligamus, Plin. PJp. 
 7, 20 : everything is r, hostile, cuncta 
 invicem hostilia, Tac. Hist, j, 46. Pbr.: 
 ultro citroque: favours r. exchanged, 
 beneficiis ultro citroque datis acceptis, 
 Cic. 0£f. I, 17, 56 inter se, Virg. Georg. 
 
 I, 489 : V MUTUALLY, TOGETHER. 
 
 reciprocate: 1. refgro,rettuli,rela- 
 tum, } : you unll r. to her my best urishes, 
 referes ei pUirimani salutem, Cic Att. 
 16, J . r. like for like, par pari referto, 
 Ter. Eun. j, i, 5; . Cic. Fam. 1,9: to r. 
 thanks, gratias reforre, ib. 11, i}: no 
 duty is more needful than that of r.ing 
 favour, nullum officium referenda gratia 
 magis necessarium est, id. Off. i, 15, 47 
 ib. 49. 2. respondeo, i, sum, 2 • that 
 you may r. nordfor word, as like to like, 
 ut verbum verbo, par pari respondeas, 
 Ter. Phorm. 1,4, 55. Pbr.: to r. real 
 words, veras audiie et reddere voces, 
 Virg. Aen. i, 409 ; v. retdrn, ex- 
 
 CHANUE. 
 
 reciprocity : 1. vlcis, em, e (no 
 nom.) : in this r. of talk, hac vice ser- 
 monum, Virg. Aen. 6, ;?; to fulfil r. 
 towards injury rather than to kindness, 
 ii^juriaequam beneficio, vicem exsohere, 
 Tac. H. 4, J. 2, vicissitiido, nothing 
 IS more pleasant than the r of tastes and 
 6so 
 
 duties, nihil vicissitudine studionim offl- 
 cioruniquejucundins,Cic. Am. 14,49. 3. 
 miituum, adj. n. : wltat r. you think 
 there is in friendship, I know not, quid 
 tu existimes esse in amicitia mutuum, 
 nescio, Cic. Fam. 5, 2 v. reciprocal, 
 
 INTERCHANGE. 
 
 recital : 1. narratio credible r.s, 
 narrationes credibiles, Cic. Or. ;6. 124: 
 
 2, comm6ni6ratio in the constant 
 r. of all enorm'ties, in assidiia comnie- 
 moratione omnium flagitiorum, Cic. 
 Verr. i, J9, 101. 3. eniimeratio: of 
 the annals, fastorum, Cic. Fam. 5, 12. 
 
 4. rgcltatio Auct. ad Herenn. 2, 
 10, 1 5. 5. iiarratus, us a time tnll 
 come for my r.s. veniet narratibus bora 
 tempestiva meis, Ov Met. 5, 449. 6. 
 relatio • of deterts, meritorum, Quint. 4, 
 I, ij: of transactions, reruni gestarum. 
 Just. 2. I. 7. historia . worthy of r. 
 (in a letter), Cic. Att. 2, 8. Pbr • who 
 in the r. of such things can refrain 
 from tears f quis talia tando temperet a 
 lacrymis ? Virg. Aen. 2, 6. 
 
 recitation : 1. redtatio .- of a 
 
 letter. literarura, Auct. dora. 9, 22 : r.s, 
 recitationes, Plin. Ep. i, i j. 2. lectio : 
 Nep. Att. 14. 
 
 recitative: * planus cantus- Du 
 Cange. 
 
 recite: 1. rgrlto, i; Ir.dthe edict, 
 reciiavi edictum, Cic. Quint. 29, 89 . to r. 
 compositions, libellos recitare. Mart, i, 
 }o, 2 : passa{ies already r.d, loca jam 
 recitata, Hor. Ep. 2, l, 22 j. 2. P''5- 
 nuntio, i . we vrill r. gravely and with 
 griice, graviter et venuste pronun- 
 tiabimus, Auct. ad Herenn. 4, 56, 69: 
 Demosthenes, r.ing from memory many 
 passcufes, memoriter multa . pro- 
 
 nuutians, Cic. de Or, i, 19, 88. 3. cano, 
 cgcini, cantum, j ; Sim^oiiiiks, hairing r.d 
 tlie poem, quum cecinisset id carmen, 
 Cic.deOr. 2, 86, j;2. 4. decanto, i . dole- 
 fid elegies, miserabiles elegos, Hor. Od. i, 
 }}, J. 5. expono, pQsui, positum, }: 
 I vrill r. from memory, ex memoria 
 exponam, Cic. Cat. j, 6, ij. 6. ex- 
 pedio, 4 (explain) : I mil r. the whote 
 story, omnem expediam prima repe- 
 tens ab origine famam, Virg. Georg. 4, 
 286. 
 
 again: rSvolvo, vi, iltum, j loca 
 
 Jam recitata revolvo, Hor. Ep. 2, I, 22} : 
 dictata decantare, Cic. Fin. 4, 4: he re- 
 peated thingsalready r.d, dictata pertulit 
 (al. protulit), Juv. 6, 391. Pbr. t a 
 speech r.d from memory, oratio memori- 
 ter habita, Cic. Acad. 4, 19, 65. 
 
 reciter ; rgcitator Cic. Cluent. 51, 
 140- Plin. Ep. I, I J. 
 
 reckless : I. Cardess (free from 
 care) : securus r. what may be alarm- 
 ing Tiridates, quid Tiridaten terreat, . . . 
 securus, Hor. Od. i, 26, 6 : r. of the af- 
 fections of his sister, amorum germanae, 
 Virg. Aen. i, J50. ||. Rash, head- 
 strong: 1. tfinigrarius, Caes. B. G. I. 
 ?i : r valour, teineraria virtus, Ov. Met. 
 8, 407 2. negligeiiS (part.) .- r. lead- 
 ers, iniprovidi et negligentes duces, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 20 • r. of property of others, 
 careful of one's own. de alieno negligens, 
 de huo diligens Plin. Ep. 4, ij. 3, 
 incautus; more than usually r., magis 
 solito incauti, l.iv. 5, 44. |||, Stupid, 
 blind : 1, socors, dis : men not r. in 
 respect of. . .truth, homines lion socordes 
 ad veri investigandi cupiditatem, Cic. 
 N. n. I, 2, 4. 2. diss51utus-. I wish 
 in such perils not to seem r., me non 
 dissnlutum videri, id. Cat. i, 2, 4. 3. 
 incuriosus : neither r. of fame nor a 
 braggart, famae nee incuriosus nee ven- 
 ditator, Tac. Hist, i, 49. Ph r. ■ are you 
 r of inflicting an injury on posterity ? 
 negligis immeritis nocituram postmodo 
 te natis fraudem committere ? Hor. Od. 
 1, 28, 80. 
 
 recklessly ; 1. inconsiderate, 
 
 Cic. Off. I, 29, loj. 2, temgre: v. 
 
 RASHLY. 
 
 recklessness: |. Freedom from 
 anxiety .- seciiritas. Quint. 2, 2, 6. ||. 
 Carelessness ; 1. negligentia ; in lay- 
 ing accusations, in accusaiido, Cic. Rose. 
 Am. 21,59. 2. incuria: soldiers de- 
 
 stroyed by r., milltes incnria. . . .coi> 
 sumti, id. Prov. Cons j, 5. 3, tfimg- 
 ritas (rashness, doing things at hap- 
 hazard, incwnsideratenesn). Join, te- 
 meritaa et negligeiitia, Cic. Off. i, 29, 
 loi : temeritate qiiadam,sine judicio vel 
 modo, ib. i, 15, 49. 
 reckon : I. 'J'o count, to number 
 
 A. T r a n s. : 1, nfimero, i . 
 tivice a day they r. the flock, bis die 
 numerant pecus, Virg. Eel. j, 54 . the 
 strings are r.'d, numerantur pectine 
 chordae, Juv. 6. 381. 2. adnuni6ro(wIth 
 sense of addition): I perchance should 
 be r.'d in the number, ego forsitai; .... 
 in grege adnumerarer, Cic. Rose. Am. 
 ?2, 89. 3. diniimero (one by one) ; 
 the stars, dinumerare Stellas, id. Off. i, 
 4?. ' 54- 4. enumgro (r. up a total) : 
 the soldier r.s up his wounds, the sh,ep- 
 heid his sheep, enumerat miles vul- 
 nera, pastor oves. Prop. 2, i, 44. 5. 
 censeo, ui, sum, 2 (strictly in a legai 
 sense) : the family in which you are 
 r.'d, domui, de qua censeris, Ov. Pont. 
 }, I, 75 : also censeor, as dep. : Marcia 
 has r.'d her among her own companions, 
 banc... est inter eomites Marcia censa 
 suas, id. I, 2, 140. 6. accenseo (with 
 sense of addition) : / am r.'d to belong 
 to her, accenseor illi, id Met. 15, 546. 
 
 7, percenseo (r. the total) : to r. up 
 deserts by counting, promerita percen- 
 sere numerando, Cic. Post Red. i, i. 
 
 8. reeenseo (?•. up, recount) : An- 
 chises was r.ing the number of his 
 people, suonim recensebat numerum, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 682 : r. up your noble 
 deeds, lortia gesta recense, Ov. Her. 9, 
 105- 9. piito, I : if the number of 
 soidievi rather Utan of legions be r.'d, 
 si numerus militum potius, quani le- 
 gionum putetur, Tac. Hist. }, 2. 10. 
 computo: he hwl r.'d the sum, he had 
 ordered the payment, computarat, peeu- 
 niam imperarat, Cic. Phil. 2, it7, 94. 
 
 11, imputo : days pa.iss and are r.'d, 
 soles. . .pereunt et imputantur. Mart. 5, 
 21, I}. 12. reptito (travel back in 
 r.ing) : to those nho r. up past times, 
 tempora reputantibus, Tac. Hist. 2, 50. 
 
 13. suppilto • he r.s on his fingers, 
 supputat articulis, Ov. Pont. 2, }, 18. 
 
 14. duco, xi, ctum, j ; wer 100 times 
 100 feet, the result is 10,000, ducimus 
 centies centenos (pedes) ; fiunt decern 
 millia. Col. 5, 2, i: I do not r. in this 
 
 account those non duco in hac ra- 
 
 tione eos. ..., Cic. Verr. }, 49, 116: / 
 say that I shall r. 12 per cent., dico me 
 centesimas ducturum, id. Att. 6, 1, ij. 
 
 15. aestlmo, i : r. the cost of tliese 
 things, harum rerum pretia aestimate, 
 Cie. Verr. 5, 9, 2j: Ir. damages, aestimo 
 lites, Coel. ap. Cic. Fam 8, 8. 16. de- 
 scribo, psi. ptum, j: to r. the sums of 
 money according to the number of tlve 
 soldiers, pro nuniero militum pecuuia- 
 rum summas describere, id. Verr. 5, 
 25, 62 • large sums are r.'d, pecuniae 
 maxiinae describuntur, id. Fam. 12, I. 
 
 B. I n trans. . ratiocinor, i: lue 
 have defined this art by its utility in 
 measuring and r.ing, metiendi, ratio- 
 cinandique utilitate hujus artis termi- 
 navinius modum, Cic. Tusc. i, 2, ;. ||, 
 Chiefly in moral sense : \, duco, xi, 
 ctum, 1 : he r.'d those duties of more 
 value than money, pluris ea (officia) 
 duxit quam omnem pecuniam, Cic. Att. 
 7, J, 5 • (a wise man) because he r.'d 
 little of that, (s;ipiens) quia parvi id 
 duceret. id. Fin. 2, 8, 24. 2. pendo, 
 pependi, sum, j; you r. little of it, that 
 it has fallen to your lot, non magni 
 pendis, quia contigit, Hor. S. 2, 4, 9}. 
 
 3. appono, pfisui, pSsItum, i . r. as 
 gain, lucro appone, Hon Od. i, 9, 15. 
 
 4. depiito, I : to r. as gain vhatever 
 may happen beyond one's hope, quidquid 
 praeter spem eveniat, omne id deputare 
 esse in lucro, Ter. Phorm. i, 5, 16. 5, 
 refero, rettiili, rglatum, j . r.s in the 
 number of the gods, in deorum numero 
 refert, Cic. N. I>. i, 12, 29 ; (understand^ 
 that it is not on these terms that I have 
 
 r'd and will r , me non Ita disertoa 
 
 homines et retulisse iu oratorum na-
 
 RECKON ON 
 
 R E C L U S K 
 
 R E C O I N 
 
 meram et relatunim. Id. Brut. }6, 157. 
 6. scribo, psi, ptum. ? • r. this man 
 among ymir crew, Bcribe tul grcgis 
 hunc, Hor. Kp. 1,9, ij. 7. ail-crib<>: 
 do you r. me am/mg sw:h a number, ad- 
 Bcribe me laleni In numerum, CIc. Pliil. 
 2, I ?> ?4. 
 
 reckon on : conf ido, f isus sum, j 
 (usu. with dat. of person or abl. of thing 
 relied on) : that thry must r. on home 
 
 resources for the security of the 
 
 city, ut domesticis oplbus . . . . de t>alute 
 nrbis confiderent, Cues. U. C. 2, 5. 
 
 reckoning on: CretusCwithabi.): r. 
 oil your supfKirt, vobis fretus, Cic. Plane. 
 42, loj / have seeu many deceiced wico 
 r.'d on the support of the gods, vidi ego 
 rtis fretos saepe mullnsdcclpl, PI. Cas. 2, 
 5, 40. P h r. : >•. without one's host, 
 frustro or frustror, ■ ; ego me frustro, 
 PI. Mil. J, }, 9: / have often r.'d..., 
 saepe me spes haec frustrata est, Ter. 
 Andr. 2. 2, 57 ; on which having r.'d. . ., 
 in quo quum eum opinio ft-fellisset, Nep. 
 Ages. f. 
 
 reckoner ; 1. rfttiocinator, Cic. 
 Att. 1, 12. 2. dimputator. most 
 
 careful r.s, diligeiitissimi coniputatores, 
 Sen. Ep. 87, 5. 3. supputator, Kimiic. 
 5,8. 
 
 , ready (a book to help in calcu- 
 lation) : perh. memorialis Ubellus, Suet. 
 Jul. 56. 
 
 reckoning : 1. ratio, onis, /. .■ 
 
 compare r.s, rationes conferatis, Cic. Alt 
 5, 21, 8: if you vish to make a true r., 
 si vis veram rationem exsequi, I'er. Hec. 
 J, I, 26 ; ue ought to make a r. of uiork 
 done, and of days, rationem inire oportet 
 operarum, dieruni. Cato R. R. 2, 2- a r. 
 of profit uill be made, Inibitur ratio 
 qnaestus de vestra pecunia, Cic. Leg. 
 Agr. 2, 25, 67. hatring begun and cast 
 up lite ?-., inita subductaque ratione, 
 Cic. N. D. }, 29, 71. 2. ratlocinluni : 
 Ou T, uihicli ue shall give, r. quod tradi- 
 turi sumus. Col. 5, i, 8. 3. rationa- 
 rium: of the empire, r. imperii, <uet. 
 Aug. 28. 4. a little r., raiinnciila -. I 
 have made out a little r., subdnxi raiiun- 
 cnlam, PI. Cure, j, i. i. 5 compQ- 
 tatio, Plin. H. N. 6, jj, }8 ^ 209. 6. 
 Buppiitiitio, Vltruv ;, 1. 7. rfic ^nsus, or 
 recensio: r. of tlie people, r. popuJi, Suet. 
 Jul. 41. 8. niimerus : a r of the 
 slain could hardly he made, numerus 
 interfectorum baud facile iniri pouiit. 
 Liv. j8, 24 : the r. iriU agree, conveniet 
 numerus, Ter. Phorm. r, 2, 2 : reduce 
 each point to a r., ad numeros exige 
 quidque suos, Ov. Rem. 172. 9. dinii- 
 mgratio, Cic. de Or. j, 54, 207. 10. 
 mensura: ve vill make r.s of the fields, 
 mensuras iniblmus agrorum, Col. «, ;, i. 
 P h r. : to make a r., ad culculos vocare, 
 Cic. Am. 16, 58: if the state calls him to 
 a r., si ad calculos eum respublica vocet, 
 Liv. 5, 4- 
 
 1, dead (a< sea')-, perh. *spatii 
 
 navlgatione confecti mera supputatio. 
 
 reclaim: |. To ask back. 1. 
 rfpSto, ivi or li, Itum, j to r.plumagi', 
 repetitum plumas, Hor. Ep. i, j, 18 
 money, pccunlas, Cic. Vorr. 2, 5, 48, 127: 
 to r. goods by legal process, bona repe- 
 tere ac persequi lite, ib. j, ij, j2. 2, 
 persSquor, cuius, j . ue can r. our 
 property, possumus rem nostram perse- 
 qui, Cic. Quint. I J, 45 : you take auay 
 potver of r.ing his right, persequendi 
 juris sui adimis polestatem, id. I)iv. in 
 Caecil. 6, 21. 3. rfiposeo, }: to r. 
 
 standards from I'arlhians, I'arthos re- 
 poscere slgna, Virg. Aen. 7, 606 ■ / lent 
 him a talent, I u-ill r. it, talentum mu- 
 tuum dedi, reposcam, PI. Trin. j, 2, 102. 
 4. rgquiro, sivi and .sjl, situm, } : hav- 
 ing r.'d the ring forced from him, qunm 
 
 extractuni sibi anulnm requlslsset. 
 
 Suet. Tib. 7}. 5. reciipgro, 1 w sent 
 ambassadors to r. the money from him, 
 qui ab illo pccunlum recuperarent, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, 16, 41 ue hun-y to r. our liberty, 
 rapimur ad libiTtatem recnperandam, 
 
 Cic. Phil. I J, 7, 15 V RKCOVKR. II, 
 
 To call batk from error, to reform : 
 
 1, r6v6co, I : Oie effigy of your 
 
 grandfaXher uhich ought to have r.'d 
 
 you from to great a crinu; qune te a 
 lanto sci'lere revocare delmil, Cic. Cat. 
 ?. 5. >o- 2. reprebendo, i, turn, j 
 
 to r. your ways, vesiros repreliendere 
 cursus. Prop, j, 7,9 3. corrlgo, rexi, 
 rectum, i : the state is wnut to tie r.d by 
 self-denial, emendarl et corrigi sioU-t 
 conttnentla. Cic. Leg. j, i j, jo: lake pains 
 tor mi/ «on, corri^ere mibi natum porro 
 enitere, Ter. Andr. i, 4, 17 • uhy do you 
 not r. him to gooil conduct, quiii ad Iru- 
 gem corrigis, PI. Trin. i, 2, 81. |||. 7b 
 object to : 1. reclame, i : when the 
 legions had r.'d against his promises, 
 quum ejus promissis legiones reclamas- 
 sent, Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 22 those same mm 
 r.'d as usual, ildem illi qui solent recla- 
 marunt, Cic. Fam. 11,21. 2. recla- 
 mito, I : nature hersi-lf r.s against sus- 
 picions of that kind, reclamitat Istius 
 modi suspicionibus ipsa natnra, id. Rose. 
 Am. 22. 6}. 3. rC'CUso, i ■ to r. 
 
 against the pay, de slipendio recusare, 
 Cac-e. B. G. I, 44. 4, frgmo, ui, itum, 
 i ■ Arrius r s about the consulship being 
 wrested from Aim,consulatum sIbi erep- 
 tum fre"mit, Cic. Att. 2, 7: I'ompeius 
 r.«, complains, f rem it, queritur, ib. 4, 
 15- 
 reclamation • 1. rf petitio, Ulp. 
 
 Dig. J, 6, 5. 2. vindicallo r. of 
 
 Ijoods of intestates, vindicatio bonorum 
 Intestntorum civium, I'lin. Ep. 10, 88. 
 
 3. vindicta : of liberty, libertatis, 
 Liv. !4, 41). 
 
 reclaimer: 1. rgciipgrator . Cic 
 Verr. j, 12, ji- 2, vindex: of debt, 
 aerls alieni. Id. Att. 2, 1. 
 
 recline: A. Trans.: 1. re- 
 clino, I : having r.d themselves here 
 according to custom, hue quum se con- 
 snetudlne reclinaverlni, Caes. B. G. 6, 
 27 : Cepheus r.s his head and shoulders, 
 caput atque humeros reclinat. Cic Arat. 
 4' 7- 2. inclino, i : / will nmo r. 
 myself {at supper), jam inclinabo me, 
 PI. Pers. 4, 8, 7. B. In trans.: 1. 
 reclinor, pass. rejl. : r.ing on the grass, 
 in gramine reclinatus, Hor. Od. 2, ?, 7. 
 2. ciibo, lii, itum, i his irife 
 r.ing higher up, uxore supra cubante. 
 Suet. Cal. 24. 3. r^eubo, i . r.ing 
 under the shade of a beech-tree, recu- 
 bans sub tegniine fagi. Virg. Eel. t, i. 
 
 4. acciJbo, t : at or near, i. e. a 
 table at meals : you may go and r. 
 where you like, ubi lubet ire accubitum 
 licet, PI. Men. 2, j, 21. 5. rgcumbo, 
 cubul, ciibitum, j : between whom Au- 
 jr ustusr.tnjr.quos Inter Augustus recum- 
 bens, Hor. Od. J, J, II. 6. accumbo, }: 
 r.ing opposite, contra accumbenteni. Suet. 
 Cal. 25 • they will r. at the top (of the 
 table), siimmi accumbent, PI. Stich. j, 2, 
 J7 ; to r. on a couch, in lecto acenmbere, 
 lb. {2. 7. diseumlio, j (m different 
 places) : to r. on <-mbroidered couches, 
 toris dlscumbere pictis, Virg. Aen. i, 
 708 Ihey (■.,discuinbitur, Cic. Verr. 2, i, 
 26, 66. 8. procumho, } : Aeneas r.d 
 {lay down to sleep), procubuit, Virg. Aen. 
 8. JO. 9. stemor, stratus, } {flat; 
 on the ground) : Hor. Od. i, i, 22. 
 
 10. Jiceo, ui, 2 : id. 2, ii, 14. 
 
 reclining or reclined : 1. rs- 
 
 cliiiis, adj : r. on a caipel of flowers, in 
 gramine floreo r.. Mart. 9,91, i. 2. 
 rfisupinus {on one's beck), tying r.d on 
 the ground, humi jacentes resupini, PUn. 
 H. N. 7, 2}2J. 
 
 recluse (SMbs.) .- l. ^nfichorSta, ae, 
 TO. ((jr. ava\aipriT:^^- one who retires. 
 
 1. e. from the world) : very many duell 
 in the desert, . . . whom they call rj, 
 habitant plerique in eremo . . .quos an- 
 achoretas vocant, Sulp. Sev. Dial, i, 15, 
 
 2. 2. Cremita, ae (Gr. epjjjiiTT)?- a 
 diixller in the desfrt): I'aulus the first 
 r.. primus eremita. lb. 17, i. 3. pure 
 I-at. solitarius homo (the best expr. to 
 represent Wordsworth's " Becluse ") . v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 (ailj.) : 1. secretus, a, um . 
 
 tumult invades the most r. persons, se- 
 cretissimos Invadit tumultus, Sen. Ep. 
 91. 5- 2. solUarlus, a, um: a r. life, 
 solitaria vita. Quint, i, 2, 18 : ar. man, 
 solitarius homo, CIc. Off. 2, II, J9 a r. 
 
 life. solUudo, id. Att J, 7, i. Phr.; 
 / lead a r. life, odi oelebrilaien. fugiV 
 homines, ib. 
 
 recognition: 1. agnitlo as it 
 
 were shunrnng the r. of their uirn lar- 
 case, sui cadaverls ugnitlonem fucientes, 
 Plln. H. N. 10, 70, 90 5 i^. 2. cog- 
 nitlo: tlience sprang r, inde est cjgnltio 
 facta, Ter. Hec. ;, j, jj. 3_ recognitio: 
 Plin. n, JO, }6 ^ 109. 
 
 recognizable: 1. agnoH^ibiils: 
 Tertull. Res. Carn. 5;. 2. agnition- 
 alis: id. adv V^aleul. 27. 3. nosci- 
 bllls id. adv. Scap. 2, «z<r. (.N.B. All 
 unclass. expr. rather by agnosci posse . 
 
 V. TO KKCfKiSIZR.) 
 
 recognizance : 1. sponsio : .^n- 
 
 dilius entered into ar., spouslutii-ni fecit, 
 CIc. Verr, ?, 58, U5. 2. vadlniOniiim: 
 Quiritius enters into a r., vadinionium 
 sisfit, CIc. Quint. 7, 29: to enter into. . ., 
 vadlmonium concipere, id. Q. K. 2, 15, 2 ■ 
 they remember their r.s, vadimonia con- 
 stltuta meminerunt, id. Sen. 7, 21 : .Va«- 
 i-ius appeared to answer to his r., venit 
 ad vadimonium, id. Quint. 5, 22 : to 
 forfeit a r., vadimonium deserere, Cic 
 Quint. i8, 57. 3. fidejuselo: Javolen. 
 in Dig. 46, I, 20: ib. 68. 4. satls-litio: 
 Ulp. in I »lg. 46, s, 7. 5. cautio : he ex- 
 acted a r.fram each, cauiiont-ni exegit a 
 singulis, Suet Aug. 98. Phr. loanswer 
 to his r., vadato re^pondl■re, lit to <Ae 
 man who had bound Aim, Hor .S. 1,9. j6. 
 recognize ; j. To see likeness or 
 identity. \ nosco, novi, nolum. j : 1 
 r. the hair .. . of the Roman king, nusco 
 crines... regis Romani, Virg. .Aen. 6, 
 810 • you might r me in the double like- 
 ness, noscere me duplici posses in Ima- 
 gine, Ov. Fast I, 2}i. 2. agnosco, 
 novi, nitum, j : such dark-ness that no 
 man could r. another, tantns tenebras, 
 ut nemo hominem homo agnoscerei, Cic 
 N. D. 2. J8. 96: you r. God from his 
 u orks, Deum agnoscis ex operlbus ejus, 
 id. Tusc. I, 29, 70. 3. cognosco, 
 
 novi, nitum, j: what, I not r. your 
 voice r quid, ego non cogno.sio vocem 
 tuam .' Cic. de Or. 2, 68, 276 that no 
 one might r. me, ne quis me cogiioe- 
 ceret Per. Eun. ?, 2, 8 : a part of 
 the spoil uas jestored to those who r.d 
 their own property, praedae pars sua 
 
 cognoscentibus reddltu, Liv. 4, 29. 
 
 4, recognosco, j : when I thoroughly 
 r.d you, quum te penitus recognovi, Cic 
 Delot. 2, 4 to r. by recollection, remini- 
 scendo recognoseere, Cic. Sen. 21, 78. 
 5. noscito, I . r.ing by the face, 
 facie noscitans, Liv. 22, 6 they r.d by 
 their voices, vocibus nosiitabiuit Plin. 
 Ep. 6, 20. II. To acknoii ledge : 1. 
 nosco, }: that part oj the apology I 
 neither r, nor approve, illam partem 
 excusationis nee nosro, nt-c probo. Cic. 
 Fam. 4. 4 • this one source of influence 
 they r., banc unam gratiom potentiam- 
 que noverunt, Cae-s. B. G. 6, 1;. 2. 
 conservo, i : let the Attolian race r. the 
 supremacy of the Homan people, im- 
 
 perium populi Koniani gtns Aeto- 
 
 lorum conservato, Liv. }8, 11. 3. ac- 
 cipio, eSpi, a-ptuni, ? (to accept, admit) : 
 I r. the signal of recal, acclpio revoca- 
 men, Ov. Fast i, 561. 
 
 recoil (''■)•• 1. rgsTlio, 4: v. RF- 
 BOUNi). 2. rScTdo, cidi, riisum, } : that 
 a twig r.'d into his eye, ramulum in 
 oculura recidisse, Cic. biv. i, 54, 12?. 
 3. rgcello, ? : the earth recoils back, 
 retro recellit Lucr. 6, ?72: the v right 
 r.ing to the ground, libraniento recel- 
 lente ad solum, Liv 24, i \. 4. rf- 
 vertor, sus sum, } . that punishment 
 will r. on your own hrad, poena rever- 
 sura est in caput ista tuum, Ov. A. A. i, 
 
 J40: V. TO RECEDE. 
 
 with horror. 1, rdfilBlo. fugl. 
 
 fiSgitum, } : Virg. Aen. 2, 12 : / r.fram 
 admonishing you, a te admonendo re- 
 fugio, CIc. Att 12, 18: he r.s in tenor, 
 trepldns retugit (i>crf. indef.), Virg. Atn. 
 2, ?8o. 2. reformido, 1 : so foul, tJuit 
 speech r.s from mentioning them, ita 
 tetra, ut ea. ... reformidet oratio, Cic 
 Tusc. I, 45, 108. 
 
 recoin : 1. riScudo Varro apt 
 
 651
 
 RECOINAGE 
 
 RECONCILABLE 
 
 RECONDITE 
 
 Face. 2. diffingo, j Hor. P h r. : to 
 r. ill-turned verses, male tornatos Incudi 
 reddere versus, Hor. A. P 441. 
 
 recoinage: e.>;pr by ilerum ferire, 
 cudere . v. to coin. 
 
 recollect: I. To remember : re- 
 
 cordor, i : reminiscor, j . nigmuii, def 
 perf.: v. to remember. ||. To re- 
 
 cover resolution or composure of mind : 
 colligo, leg!, lectuni, j: 1 r.'ii myself, 
 collegi me, Cic. Fam. i, 9. 
 
 recollection : 1. togmoria ■ to 
 
 keep in r., custodire meraoria, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 28, 1 27 : to embrace in r„ memoria 
 complecti, id. Div. in Caecil. 12, jg ; the 
 hearer's r. will be refreshed, auditoris 
 memoria rediutegrabltiir, id. Inv. i, 52, 
 99 : to recal to r., reducere in memo- 
 riam. ib. 98 ■ to lose the r., perdere rae- 
 moriam, id. Sen. 7, 21 : / recover my r., 
 redeo in memoriam, ib. : to escape the 
 r., expr. by memoria fugit, Liv. 9, 44 : 
 to hand dmim to ?•., memoriae prodere, 
 Nep. Hann. n: he preserved no r. of the 
 insult, nullam adbibuit memoriam con- 
 tumeliae, id. Kpam. 7 ; the r. of the thing 
 has passed away, memoria rei abolevit, 
 Liv. J, 55 : to pursue nHth grateful r., 
 giata memoria prosequi, Cic. Phil. 14, 
 1 1, 50 : within our r., memoria nostra, id. 
 Verr. 2, i, 7, 17 : irithin the r. of man, 
 post hominum memoriam. id. Fam. 11, 
 5. 2. recordatio: the r. of benefits, 
 r. benefactorum, Cic. Sen. j, 9. 3. 
 recosnitio : r. of his crimes, scelerum 
 suorum, id. Verr. 4, 50, 1 10. 
 recommence: A- Trans. : i. 
 
 intggro, I : r.s her song, carmen integral, 
 Virg. Georg. 4, 514. 2. redintegro, i : 
 Ihey r. the battle, redintegrant proelium, 
 Liv. I, 12. 3. instauro, i : let zis r. 
 the war, instauremus novum de integro 
 bellum, Liv. ^7, 19. 4. restaiiro, i : 
 Just. J, 5. 5. rgpeto, ivi, and ii, 
 itum, J : r.ing tliese studies aftei- a long 
 interval, longo intervallo IJaec studia 
 repetentem, Cic. Fat. 2, 4. 6. renovo, 
 X : a design of r.ing the war, con.-iilium 
 belli renovandi, Caes. B. G. t, 2 ■ / have 
 begun to r. these studies, h.iec studia re- 
 novare coepimus, Cic. Div. 2, 2, 7. 7. 
 it6ro, 1 : the battle being r.d cm the next 
 day, postero die iterata pugna, Liv. 6, 
 iz. P h r. : are you r.ing war ? rursus 
 bella moves? Hor. Od. 4, i, 2; a great 
 war is r.d on the part of many natvms, 
 iterum bellum ingensmultisex gentibus 
 concitur, Liv. 10, 18: r.s war, ferrum 
 retractat, Virg. Aen. 7. 694 : to r war, 
 resumere arma, Ti\c. H. 2, 44 : rebello : 
 Ov. Met. 9, 81. B. In trans. • 1. 
 renascor, uatus sum, j : men wonder at 
 the uar which has r.d there, bellum istic 
 renatum mirantiir homines, Cic. F.im. 11, 
 14- 2. redeo, ivi, and ii, itum, 4: the 
 labour of the farmers r.s in rotation, 
 redit agricolis labor actus in orbem, id. 
 Georg. 2, 401. 3. recrudesco, diji, j : 
 wlien the .Manlian sedition r.d, recnides- 
 cente Manliana seditione, Liv. 6, 18 : the 
 battle r.d for a while, paulisper recru- 
 dult pugna, id. 10, 19. 
 recommend : 1. commendo, i : 
 
 to r. in the best manner, de meliore nota 
 commendare. Curio ad Cic. Fam. 7, 29 : / 
 r. myself entirely, me totum commendo, 
 ib. 2, 6, extr, : consider my mother and 
 friends as r.'d to you, matrem, meosque 
 tibi commendatos habe, ib. 12, 16; Jr. 
 fraecUius to yim especially, P tibi com- 
 mendo unice, ib. ij. 15. 2. deffiro, 
 tuli, latum, j (to nominate): Pompeius 
 says, that he will r, five new prefects, 
 quinos se praefectos delaturum novos, 
 id. Att. 5, 7 3. suiideo, si, sum, 2 
 {advise) : you r.'d me not to do it, ne 
 lacerem suasisti, Plin. Ep. 5, 6: I vnll 
 do as you r., faciara ut suades, Cic. Att. 
 II, 16. 4. suffragor, i {beinfavourof) 
 that circumstance r.'d this plan, huic 
 consilio suffragabatur ilia res, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 61. 5. probo, I (make good): 
 f fear lest I may not succeed I'Ji r.ing 
 this to you, vereor, tibi ipsi ut probem, 
 Cia Att. 6, I, 4 
 
 recommendation : 1. commen- 
 datio ; no common r., non vulgarem 
 commendationem, Cic. Fam. i^ 15: 
 652 
 
 worthy of careful r., accurata commen- 
 datione dignuni, ib. 17. 2. hortatio : 
 / plead with you, not by r. nor by in- 
 junctions, but . . ., non hortatione neque 
 praeceptis, sed precibus .... ago, id. 
 Quint. Fr. I, I, 14. 3. suasio: Taurus 
 using all manner of r.s, omni suasio- 
 num genere utens, Gell. 10, 19, 4. 4. 
 laudatio . the r. of a bad man uas to me 
 almost discreditable, laudatio hominis 
 turpissimi mihi ipsi erat pene turpis, 
 Cic. Pis. 29, 72. Phr. : a letter of r.: 
 V. ne.xt art. 
 
 recommendatory : commendsti- 
 
 cius, a, um . a r. letter, literae commen- 
 daticiae, Cic. Fam. 5, 5 : r. documijits, 
 c. tabulae, id. Verr. 4, 6'>, 148 • receive a 
 r. (/eiter), accipe conimendaticias, without 
 literas, Macrob. Sat. 2, 4. 
 
 recommender : suasor .• Cic Att. 
 16, 7. 
 
 recommit : 1. reduco in carcerem : 
 / pardon Hhiloxenus, who preferred to 
 be r.'d to prison, iguosco Philoxeno, 
 qui reduci in carcerem maluit, Cic. Att. 
 4, 6. 2. custodiae iterum rommitto, 
 id. Verr. 5, 27, 69. 
 
 recompense {'«■') •■ 1. rgmuneror 
 (rather than remunero), i ■ that [might r. 
 you n-ith as similar a gift as possible, ut 
 possem te r. quam simillimo munere, Cic. 
 Fam. 9, 8 : with what kind offices shall 
 I r. the services of T. Annius ? quibus 
 officiis T. Annii beneficia remunerabor? 
 Cic. post Red. 12, jo ; / will r. you with 
 these punishments, te his suppliciis re- 
 munerabor, I 'atulL 14, 19. 2. rgpendo, 
 di, sum, J : fault r.d by your own fault, 
 culpa culpa repensa tua, Ov. Am. i, 8, 
 80. 3. respondeo, di, sum, 2 : vehave 
 r.d like by like, paria paribus respondi- 
 mus, Cic. Att. 6, i, 19. 4. rgficio, 
 feci, fectum, j : no one ought to incur 
 cost, if he sees that he cannot be r.d for 
 it, si videt non posse refici, Varro, R. R. 
 
 1, 2, 8. 5. satisf acio, feci, factum, } : 
 we have r.d good urill by the same, volun- 
 tati voluntate satisfecimus, Sen. Benef. 
 
 2, 35, 1. 
 
 recomnense (.subs.) .• 1. r^mii- 
 
 neratio, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69. 2. munus, 
 eris, n. . this r. is made to you for many 
 other servii-es, hoc tibi munus pro multis 
 aliis redditur officiis, Catull. 6 j, 149. 3. 
 praemium : expect from me any gift or 
 r. you please, quodvis donum et prae- 
 mium a me optato, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 27 : 
 the industry of a bad poet worthy of 
 some r., sedulitatem mali poetiie aliquo 
 praemio dignam, Cic. Arch. 10, 2; : ?•«- 
 ceii-e tlie r. of your deed, cape praemia 
 facti, Ov. Met. 8, 50J. 4. pretium : 
 that I may majce him a r. for his kind- 
 nesses, pro benefactis ejus uti ei pretium 
 possim reddere, PI. Capt. 5, l, 19 : a r. 
 for crime, pretium sceleris, .luv. 15, 105. 
 5. nierces, edis : Laomedon deprived 
 the gods of the stipulated r., destituit 
 deos mercede pacUi Laomedon, Hor. Od. 
 
 3, J, 22. Dim,in. mercedula (a slight r.) : 
 Cic. de Or. i, 45, 198. To make r. : 
 
 1. gratiam rgfero, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49. 
 
 2. grates persolvo ; Virg. Aen. i, 
 600 : in bad sense, may the gods r. you, 
 di grates dignas persolvant, id. 2, 557. 
 
 3. rependo, di, sum, ; .- if I make 
 great r., si magna rependam, ib. 2, 161. 
 Phr.: shoidd we get r. for our cost 
 and toil ? posseutne fructus pro im- 
 pensa ac labore redire.? Varro, R. R. i, 
 2, 8: without r., gratis: that we mail 
 not serve the state without r., ne gratis 
 rcipublicae serviamus,Cic. Cluent. 26, 71. 
 
 recompose : I. To put together 
 
 again: 1. dissipata conneclo: Cic. 
 Or. 71, 2j;. 2. iterum compono : 
 
 Sen N. Q. 6, 50, i. ||. To write again, 
 rescribo, psi, ptum, j . he thinks that he 
 would have r.d his commentaries, com- 
 mentarios rescripturum fuisse putat. 
 Suet. Jul. 56. 
 
 reconcilable : I. Mie to be 
 
 soothed : placabilis t r. minds of men, 
 placabiles aiiimos hominum, Cic. Att. 
 I, 17, I. II. That may be made to 
 agree, made cmsistent : to be r. : 1. 
 convgnio vgni, ventum, 4 : majesty and 
 lave are not easily r., non bene conve- 
 
 niunt majestas et amor, Ov. Met. 2, 846 : 
 your discussion did not seem r with tltt 
 speech of iJirgus, tua deliberatio non 
 convenire visa est cum oratione Largi, 
 Cic. Fam. 6, 8. 2. conjungor, pass. } : 
 maintain that the judgment of the cen- 
 sors is r. with the fact, censorum judi- 
 cium cum re conjunctum esse defendito, 
 Cic. Cluent. 44, 124. 
 
 reconcile : I. To restore agree- 
 ment : 1. reconcilio, i : he r.d the 
 mind of his father to your sister, ani- 
 mum patris sui sorori tuae reconciliavit, 
 Cic. Att. 6, 7. 2. compono, posui, 
 p6situm, } : to r. strifes, componere 
 lites, Virg. Eel. j, 108 : that by means 
 of conference all disputes may be r.d, 
 uti per colloquia omnes controversiae 
 componantur, Caes. B. C. i, 9. 3. 
 
 sedo, I . in r.ing disagreements, in se- 
 dandia discordiis, Cic. Phil, i, i. 4. 
 
 placo, I : he never could be r.d towards 
 him. nunquam is animo placari potuit 
 in eum, Nep. Pelop. 5 : having sent 
 letters for me to r. you to him, .... uti 
 te sibi placarem, Cic. Fam. i }, i. 5. in 
 grati<im reduco ; tlie thing itself r.d me, 
 res reduxit me ipsa in gratiam, Ter. 
 Andr. 5, 5, 4;. 6. m gratiam restituo: 
 you will r. them again, restitues rursum 
 in gratiam, id. Hec. j, i, 11. 7, '•* 
 gratiam redigo : 1 uill r. you, ego redi- 
 gam vos in gratiam, id. Phorm. 5, 7, 7J. 
 8. in concordiam redigo : Jupiter 
 will r. Alcuniena Co her husband, Alcu- 
 menam rediget in concordiam conjugis, 
 PI. Amph. I, 2, I J. 9. ad concor- 
 diam adduco : or if the matter can be r.d, 
 sive ad concordiam res adduci potest, 
 Cic. Att 7, }. Phr.: to be reconciled : 
 1, in gratiam redeo: to be r.d to 
 his colleague, in gratiam redire cum 
 
 coUega, Cic. iVov. 9, 20 : tvith his 
 
 greatest enemies, cum inimicissimis, ib. 
 21. 2. in concordiam redeo : now you 
 have been r.d, Jam vos redistis in con- 
 cordiam, PI. Amph. }, i, 7. 3. in 
 gratiam revertor : you unU be r.d to 
 me, mecum reverteris in gratiam, Liv. 
 8, 35. 4- animum submitto (bow 
 to) ; would be r.d to imperious fortune; 
 saevienti fortunae submitteret animum, 
 Tac. Ann. 2, 72. 5. accedo, cessi, i 
 (give in to): when most were r.d to 
 this plan, ad hoc consilium quum pleri- 
 que accederent, Nep. Milt, j : the entire 
 nation was r.d to the dominion of the 
 Roman people, universa gens imperio 
 populi Romani accessit, Frontinus, Stra- 
 teg. 2, II. II, To make consistent: 
 lie wishes to r. the stories to ivhat he said 
 in his first book, vnlt fabellas accommo- 
 dare ad ea quae ipse primo libro .... 
 dixerit, Cic. .N. I), i, i;, 41. 
 
 reconciled : piaciitus, a, um : part, 
 of pliico ; ike army returned better r. to 
 
 their general duci placatior, Liv. 
 
 2, 60. 
 
 reconciliation: 1. reconciliatio : 
 with concordiae, Cic. Cat. i, 10, 2;; or 
 gratiae, Auct. Harusp. 24, 51 : or alone : 
 by a pretended r., reconciliatione simu- 
 lata. Suet. Ner. J4. 2. gratia : usu. 
 combined with some word expr. join- 
 ing or returning ; a r. with enemies, 
 reditus in gratiam cum inlmicis, Cic. 
 Att. 2, 3, J : an ill patched r., male sarta 
 gratia. Hot. Ep. i, }, ji . he offered 
 his right hand as a pledge of r., dex- 
 teram reconciliatae gratiae pignus obtu- 
 lit. Curl. 6, 7, ;5. Phr.: to effect a r.: 
 (a.) redeo in gratiam cum aliquo (become 
 reconciled) : effect a r. with Liicceius, 
 cum Lucceio in graiiam redi, Cic. Att. 
 I, 14, 8. (b.) reduco aliquem in g. (re- 
 store to favour), if had not effected 
 
 a r. for me, si me... in gratiam non 
 reduxisset, id. Rab. Pust. 8, 19. 3. 
 Concordia, combined as above : you have 
 effected a r., redistis in concordiam, PL 
 Amph. J, }, 7 : in effecting a r., in Con- 
 cordia adnitenda. Gell 2, 12, 5. 4. 
 pas : / go out to effect a r., exeo, ut 
 pacem ccmciliem, ler. Heaut. ;. 5, 2. 
 
 recondite : 1. reconditus (ab- 
 
 struse) i part, of recondo, to/ii(/€ ; he had 
 transferred the exercise of the intellect 
 from r. subjects to forensic pleadings, «
 
 RECONDUCT 
 
 RECOURSE 
 
 RECOVER 
 
 reconditls .... rebus ad causas forenses 
 cradiixerut, Cic. Brut. 1 1 , 44. 2. exqul- 
 sltus, a, uni ; puru of e.xquiro (carefully 
 ttudied, laboured) • a viore. r style of 
 tpeaking, exqulsitius dicendi genus, ib. 
 82, 822 ■ refinement too r„ munditla 
 nlmi!> exqulsita, id. OfT. i, }6, i ;o. 3. 
 conqulbitus (laboriously mllected to- 
 gether) : the tables were piled with tlie 
 mott r. (rechTch^s) viands, niensae con- 
 quisitissimiB epulis exstruebantur, Id. 
 Tusc. 5, 21, 62. 4. alxJitus (abstruse'^ : 
 part, ot abdo : subjects hidtlen a7id quite 
 r.. res occultivs et penitiis abdita-", id. 
 N D I, 18, 49. Very r., perrecondltiis : 
 <Ae very r. method of my practice, 
 perrecondita nitio cunduciudiul:! meae, 
 id. de Or. i, jo, ijj. 
 
 reconduct : L rCduco, xl, ctum, j : 
 Mercurius, who is wont to conduct and 
 r. souls, qui anlnias ducere et reduoero 
 solet, Pution. 140, 12. 2. rCKro, ret- 
 tuli, reiatuni, }; mn feel r. me to my 
 Tusculan abode, me referunt pedes in 
 Tusculunum, Cic. Att. i;, 16. 
 
 reconnaissance : exploratio, Mo- 
 dcstiu. ap. l^ig. 49, 16, }. (Or expr. by 
 verb : v. foil, url.) 
 
 reconnoitre : 1. explore, i .- they 
 
 r. the gates, porUis explorant, Virg. Aen. 
 9, 170 : the iiolf r.s the ambuscades 
 round about the sheepfolds, insidlas ex- 
 plorat ovilia circuni, id. Georg. }, $}•) : 
 see next art. 2. spgciilor, atus, 1 : 
 
 they r. {everything) surrounded by the 
 cloud, nul>e cava .spoculantur aniicti, 
 id. Aen. i, 516 (speculor said to denote 
 secret, explore open enquiry, Paul. IMac. 
 exc. Fest. 5, p. 59, vol. 2, ed. Llnde- 
 mann) v. to si-y. 3. prospCciilor 
 
 (to keep a look-out from a distance or 
 beforehand) : the rest of th; multitude 
 was r.ing the approach of the imperator, 
 adventum iniperatoris pro.speculabaiur, 
 Llv. jj, I. 4. rognoscc), novi, nitum, 
 S: h£ was accustomed to r. those parts, 
 eas regiones oigiioscere solebat, Caes. 
 B. G. }, 7 : he sent persons to r. the 
 mountain, qui coKnosccrcnt qualis esset 
 natura mentis, misit: ib. i, 21. 5. 
 pSte, ivi or li, itum, j (poet to scan uilh 
 the eye, caft the eyes ofer the horizon) : 
 Aeneas r.s the prospect, prospectum pe- 
 lage petit, Virg. Aen. i, 181. 6. Pf- 
 spTcio, exi, ectum, } : Ir.d the road, viam 
 perspexi, Cic. ad Q. Fr. j, i, 2. 7. cir- 
 cumspicie, j : the dictator, having r.d 
 the situation of the city, situ urbis cir- 
 cumspecto, Llv. 9, 28 • having r.d the 
 defences, circumspectis mimimentis, lac. 
 Ann. I J, J9. 
 reconnoitring party: expioratores: 
 
 Caesar was itifoimed through a r p.. 
 per expioratores ceriior lactus est, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 12 : Viis circumstance having 
 been learned through a r. p., hac ri' pi-r 
 expioratores cognita, ib. 2, 11. (N.B — 
 Not speculateres : which denotes a kind 
 ef scouts usually sent out singly.) 
 
 reconquer: 1. revinco, vlci, vic- 
 tum, ? : Hor. Od. 4, 4, 24. 2. rCcipio, 
 cepi, ceptum, j . he r.'d Tarentum, 
 Tarentuin recepit. Cic. Sen. 4, 11. 3. 
 recupgro, i : the city iMving been r.'d 
 by the R<imans. recuperata nrbe >ab 
 Remanis, Liv. 26, {9. P h r. ■ vindico 
 libertatem, or in liberiatem ; Nep. 
 Thras. i : a conspiracy for r.ing thfir 
 liberty, consensio libertalis vindicandai', 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 76. 
 
 reconsider : 1. rgpiite, i : Jugurtha 
 r.ing his deed at leisure, in etio facinus 
 suum repiitans. Sail. Jug. ij. 2. re- 
 volve, vi. vfilutum, } : yuma r.s the 
 things seen, visa rcvolvit, Ov. Fast. 4, 
 667. 3. Volvo, j: Aeneas r.ing many 
 things during the night, per nocteni plii- 
 rlma volvens, Virg. Aen. i, jo;. 4, re- 
 tracto, I : ive increase grief by r.ing it, 
 augemus delorem retractando, Cic. Att 
 8, 9, 2 : men uho should carefully r. all 
 matteis relating to dii-ine ^iorship, qui 
 omnia, quae ad cultum deorum per- 
 tineront,diligonier retractarent. id. N. I). 
 2,18,72. 5. rClCgo. legi, leclum, j 
 when I r. I am ashamed to have uTitten, 
 qnum relege, scripsisse pudet, Ov. Pont. 
 I. 5. 15- 
 
 reconvey : 1. rSporte, i •. they r.'d 
 the army from Britain, exercltum Bri- 
 tannia reportabant, Cic. Att 4, 17, j. 
 2. rSduco, xi, ctum, j Cic. Fam. 
 I, 2. 3. rCgfiro, gessi, gestum, i ■ 
 loatlsare conveyed and r'd in boats, 
 lintribus alTeruntur onera et regerun- 
 tur. PUn. H. .\. 6, 2J, 26 } loj. 
 
 record (I'O •■ 1. refero, retlQlI, rf li- 
 tuin, } to r. a name in tJte lists, nomen 
 refexxe in labulas. Ci<% Rose Cum. 1,4: 
 to T. in the looks, In codlce.f, ib. he 
 vnshed me to r in m;) ^(nii-nal, me 
 roferre in commentarlum volnlt. Id. Alt. 
 7. i. 4 : '' >''as r '<l In the annals, in 
 fiistos. . .relatum est, Suet. Tib. 5. 2. 
 perscrlbe, psi.ptum, j : I appointed sen- 
 
 atirrs who should r the ansuers, qui 
 
 respensa perscriberent, dc. Suit. 14, 41: 
 to r. actions, res gestas perscrll)ere, Sail. 
 Git. ^ : if T should r. the history of the 
 Roman people from the beginning of 
 the city, si a primordle urbls res populi 
 Rouianl perscrlpscrlm, Liv. praet lib. i. 
 Pli r.: ( 1) to r. in -uTiting : Uteris mando ; 
 unless we have r.'d in urifing, nisi Uteris 
 mandaverimtis, Cic. Cluent 50, 140. (2). 
 to r. in hiftory : 1. mando historiae, 
 or histuriis : r.'d in histories, mandatam 
 liistoriis, id. Div. 2, f2, 69. 2. me- 
 moriae prodo : Thucydides has r.'d in 
 history, memoriae prodidit, Nep. Them. 
 10. 
 
 record (swbs.) ; 1. histSrla : if 
 
 there were any thing in that Utter northy 
 o/"r., siquid in ea cpislola fuit lil.sloria 
 dignura, Cic. Alt. 2, 8. 2, n)6nil- 
 mentum : r.s of transactions, monu- 
 iniiita rerum gestarnm, id. de Or. 1, 46, 
 201. 3. tabtilae: public r.s, tabulae 
 publlcac, id. Arch. 4, 9. 4. cimmien- 
 tarius, or commentarlum : from the r.s 
 of kings, ex regum cummentaiiis, id. 
 Rab. Pest. 5, 1 5 : a someuhat fuller r. 
 of a speech, orationis comnienlarium 
 pauUo plenius, id. Brut. 44, 164. 5. 
 conscriptio : false r.s of enquiries, 
 falsae censcriptiones quaeationum, ib. 
 07, 191. 
 
 records ; in plur. only : 1. an- 
 naU's, ium (chronicles compiled from 
 year to year') : to listen to llui r.s ifoar 
 toils, annales nostrorum audlre laborum, 
 Virg. Aen. i, }"]}. 2. acta diuina 
 (resembling our journals, and parlia- 
 mentary reports): the daily r.s both of 
 the senate and the piople, tain senatus 
 quam populi diurna acta, Suet. Jul. 20. 
 3. fasti, orum (strictly, a list of days 
 of legal business ; hence, a calendar, and 
 poet, annals) : to unroll the r.s of the 
 world, fastos evoh ere mundi, Hor. S. 
 
 1, J, 112. 
 
 record-office: tabfilarlum: n hen the 
 r.-n. nas c(os«/, clause tabularie, Ldv. 4}, 
 16 : the r.-o. having been burned, incenso 
 tabulario, Cic. Arch. 4, 8. 
 
 record-keeper : 1. tabilUarius, i : 
 
 Sidon. Kp. 4, 1 1 : Ulp. Dig. 4J, 5, ?. 
 
 2. diartiilarius, i Cod. Just. I2, 50, 
 
 10. 3. acommentariis: Inscr. v. Face. 
 
 recorder : I. A legal officer : 
 
 pirh. tabiilarius: v. preced. art. ||. A 
 musical instrument: tibia, ae: v. Her. 
 A. P. 202, 20J. 
 
 recount : 1. enarro, I- to r. ex- 
 ploits, enarrare res gestjis, Cic. Marc. 2, 4. 
 
 2. iinumero, I: tor. battles, euwcae- 
 rare preelia, Nep. Hann. 5. 3. com- 
 mf m(5ro, \: to r benefits, commemorare 
 beneficia, Cic. Am. 20, 71 ; why need I r. 
 one by one f quid commemerem singu- 
 latim? Ter. Phorm. 5,8,42- v. KEr.ATE, 
 
 UKCKON. 
 
 recourse, have recourse to : 1. 
 
 confugio, fugi, fuglium, } (./""C safely) : 
 to thee I have r., ad te conl'uglo, Virg. 
 Aen. 1,666. 2. profugie, J (/o.^j'e toa 
 distance, run ana;/, escape): to have r. 
 b) Brutus, ad Brutum p. Cic. Att. IJ, 21. 
 
 3. dfcurro. curri, and cficurri, cur- 
 sum, } (to resort to an expedienC) : to 
 have r to pitifid entreaties, ad miseras 
 preces d.. Her. Od. }, 29, 59: you had 
 such eager r. to these rights, ad haec 
 jura tarn cuplde decurrebas, Cic Quint 
 15, 48: r. was had to that expedient 
 Huit. ... decurrebatur eo ut. . . Llv. ji. 
 
 20. 4. So, 4 (like preced. poet.) - to 
 h. r again b> tears, iro iterum la 
 lacrymus. . ., Virg. Aen. 4, 413 ue will 
 h. r. to punishments, ibimus in p<.>enas, 
 Ov. Met 5, 668. 5. r6curro, j (r*ium 
 to) : it is necessary to h. r. to those 
 authors, necessc est ad eos auctores r., 
 Quint. I. proo«-m. 17. g. descendo, i, 
 sum, J {to stoop to) : to h. r. to all turtt 
 of prayrs, preces descendere in omnes, 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 78J. 7. molior, 4 (to 
 ■use effort, attnnpt) • Oj K r. to many 
 expedients, nmlta mollrf, SalL Cat. 27. 
 8. expCrior, pertus, 4: to h. r. to all 
 extreme measures, extrema omnia ex- 
 perirl, ib. 26. 9, pCto, ivi and II, 
 itum, } (go to): that J might h. r. to 
 thee, ut te supplex peterem. Virg. Aen. 
 6, rij. 10. u-nto, I (to tni): f ii-ill 
 h. r. to every method, leniabo omnia. 
 Brut ad Cic. Kp. 16. U. adliitn-o, 
 
 ui, 2 (to emph/y) : to h. r. to viilU com- 
 plaints, blandxs ud. querelas, 'I'ibull. j, 
 4, 75 : those gods to whom it is cLutrous 
 to h. r., quos plum est adhibere lieos, 
 Ov. Fast 4, 819. 12. Qtor, usus, j 
 (makK use of): I da^iie you to h. r. 
 ilaily to a miiror, speculo vos uti volo, 
 l"hae<lr. j, 10, 14. 13. adeo, ivi and 
 11, 4 (go to) : the king has r. to the oracle 
 of Faunas, oracula Kauni. . . . adit Virg. 
 Aen. 7, 82. 14. cont?ro, tiili, ferre, j 
 (with pi on. rejl. : to Make oneself to, 
 take to) : his friends and partisans K. 
 r. to flight, se in lugam conlerunt amici 
 advocalique ejus, Cic. Caeciii. 8, 22. 
 15. uppllce, avi and ui, atum ani 
 Itum, I (with pi on. refl.): I had r. to 
 iliilo, me ad Molonem applicavl. id. 
 Brut, gr, 516 xtcamx to pass that almost 
 all the stat>-shad r. to the alliance of the 
 Athenians, ... .&<i Atheniensium socie- 
 tatem .se apjilicarent, Nep. Arist 2, }. 
 
 recover: A. Trans. : 1. Ti- 
 cTpio, cepi, ceptum, j: the Roman rj 
 his properly, res suas Romanus rccipit, 
 Liv. J, 6 1 let me r. my breath, recipiam 
 anbelitum, PL Kpid. j, 2, 22: space for 
 r.ing courage, spatium recipp-iidl ani- 
 nium, Liv. 2, 50: our men r.'d them- 
 selves after their fright, se ex timore 
 rccef>eruut, Caes. B. G. 4, J4. 2. r^- 
 cepto, I ; rJ life, animam receplat, 
 Lucr. }, 504. 3. recupero or redi>6ro, 
 I ; we sent men to r. from him the 
 money, misimus, qui ab illo peiuniam 
 depositam. . .recuperarent, Cic. Agr. 2, 
 16, 41 : I could not r. his good-u-ill. earn 
 voluntatem ejus. . .recuperare uon potui, 
 id. Att. I, 1 1 : liaving r.'d their strnigth 
 Oy nine and sleep, recuperatis vino som- 
 no<iue viribus, lac. H. j. 22. 4 r*^'- 
 piscer, } : only found in PI. Trin. 4. j. i;. 
 5. restituo, ui, utum, j. I'lnlip had 
 
 r.'d (made good) his losses, damna 
 
 restituerat Philippus, Liv. ji, 45: the 
 bees r. themS'-Ues and revive, reslituunt 
 se ac revh istunt, Varre, R. R. }. 16, 
 extr. 6. retrabo, xi, ctum. j; I think 
 I shall r. that money for myself, retra- 
 ham hercle, epinor, ad me llUid fugi- 
 tivum argentum, Ter. Heaut 4. 2, 11: 
 Epaminondas r.'d Thebes J rom destruc- 
 tion, ab interitu retraxit, Nep. Kpam. 
 8. 7, recolligo, legi, Kttum, }: 
 
 why do you not r. your spirit ' quin 
 ...te itjsa recolligis? Ov. Met. 9, 744- 
 vei-y usejul to one r.ing himself after 
 an illness, recoHigenti se a leuga vale- 
 tudine utllissimae, PUn. H. N. 2J, 7, 
 6j J 122: having r.'d his sn-ord, recol- 
 lecto gladio, Just j}. 2. 8. colligo: 
 nhen he had r.'d himself, quum se col- 
 legisset, Cic. Div. i, 27, 57 : he encou- 
 raged our nw-n to r. themselves after so 
 (Treat a fright, . . .ut si' ex tanto limori' 
 colligejieut. Oil's. B. C. 5, ' 5. 9. rf piro, 
 I : to r. hissrs, amis-sas res repjirare, 
 Hor. S. 2, J, 2. 10. rfflcl.i, feci, fec- 
 tum, J; tlie iMcedemonians never r.'d 
 themselves, nunquam se refecenmt, Nep. 
 Ages. 7, 1. IL rfvik-e. I; r. your 
 spirits, revocate animos, Virc. Aen. i, 
 202 : they r. their strength by food, 
 vlctu revocant vires, Ib. 214. 12. 
 
 repeto, ivi and ii, Itum, } : an oppor- 
 tunity of r.ing liberty, occasionem re- 
 petendae libertatis, Liv. j, 49 : a laio 
 <>5)
 
 51ECO V ER AKLE 
 
 RECRIMINATION 
 
 RECTO R Y 
 
 ajMut r.inq mmiey. de pecumis repetun- 
 dls, ac. Div. Caec. 5. IT 13. f>gO' 
 rexi, rpctum, j he r.'d the state totU 
 hope of liberty, civitatem ad spem liber- 
 tatis erexit, Auct pro dom. 10, 25- l*. 
 In legal sense, to r. debts: fvinco vici, 
 victutn, } : whether the whole matter be 
 r:d, or a paH only, sive tola r^ evin- 
 catur. sive pars. Dig. 21,. 2. i f^Zll' 
 lionibus): V. Smith, Diet of Antiq. 
 Phr.: to take steps tor. ones debts, no- 
 mina sua exigere, Cic. Verr 2 i, 10, 28 : 
 the blind man r.'d his sight, ciieco re- 
 luxit dies. Tac. H. 4. 81 : to rhrs senses. 
 ad sanitatem revcrti, Caes. B. U. 1, 4^- 
 the power of ring one's senses, ad sani- 
 tatem redeundi potestas, ^ic- F"™- l^' 
 10: r. yourself, ad te redi, Ter Ad 5 
 } 8 : that the king had now r. d himseij, 
 lam adse redisse, Liv. I, 41 ■ toj- breath. 
 respiro, Cic. Fin. 4. 2 J, 6d: amw me to 
 r breath, that I may reply t^ you, sine 
 respirare me, tibi ut respondeam, I'l. 
 Pers I ? 1 1 • r. life, revivo so that 
 he seerrUd to have r'.'d life, ut revix.sse 
 vlderetur. Cic. X. D. 2, j8, 96 : begm to 
 r life: rgvivisco, J tncep. : Ctc. Mil. 29. 
 -10 : not to be r.'d. irreparabilis, e- toe 
 iiot to be r.'d, irreparabile tempus Virg 
 Georg. }, 284 Id Aen. 10. 461. B. i »" 
 trans.: in respect rf health or strength ; 
 1 rgvalpsco, lui, ?: Ov. Her. 21, 
 2JI ■ LofHiicea. . .r.'d by its mmprcper 
 strength, propriis opihus revaluit lac^ 
 A 14 2T 2 convalesco: sick m^n 
 do not all of them r.. aegri non omnes 
 convale^cunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 4. «2^ /« 
 feU into a disease from i^hich he d^ 
 not r., ex quo non convalnit, id Fam. 
 , J 20 3 sanesco. ? (usu. of ihe heal- 
 ing of parts affected, not of th£ general 
 health): y. TO HKAL (II.). not r.. ne 
 ulcera quidem in bis aegris faale sane- 
 scant, Cels. J, 21, post iwt. 4. con- 
 sanesco, J: most persons, lehen they 
 have r.'d. talk, plerique. ubi consa- 
 nuerunt, loquuntur, ib. i. 12. 4. 0. 
 Smereo, si, sum, i a troublesome U- 
 Zs from which I had b.v this time 
 r 'd incommoda valetudo, qua jani emer- 
 seram, Cic. Att. 5. 8. 6. evado, si 
 sum, } : likely to r from an illness, e 
 morbo evasurnm, id. Div. 2, 5^. «3; 
 
 7 resipisco. ivi. ii. and also ui, J. 
 
 at so^ a^ he '««<^^.'--''*- <!""%• ^11" 
 mum resipuisset, Cic. Sext. }8, 80. 
 
 8 exsurgo, surrexi, 5 : under your 
 authority the state witt r.. auct^n- 
 tate vestra respublica exsurget, Cic. 
 Fam. 12, 10. Bypass, verbs; 9. con- 
 firmor, i / shall see you soon enough, 
 if I see you quite r.'d, si plaiie con- 
 firmatumvidero. ib. 16, 4. 10. curor, 
 I : if we hai^e begun to r., si curari 
 coeperimus. Sen. Kp. 50, 4. in r- : 
 CtMies) begin to r.. salubriora esse in- 
 ^re.^Liv. i.Z: the -^tale being no^ 
 r.'d. Jam satis valida civltate, ib. : he 
 wiU r. from that disease, sanus fiet ex 
 ^ morbo. Cato R. R. i5T 8- ^/ heMve 
 r'd b,i means of that medicine, sxeo 
 medicamento sanus facius tuerit, uc. 
 Off ? 24. 92 : is said to r.. liberari mor- 
 bo d citur, Plin. H. N. 28, i?.^ 51 § 2o'- 
 
 reooverable: 1;, [f^f;^:^ ," 
 
 r.tes, damnum reparabile, Ov. Met. i, 
 Vno 2 rev6cabilis : the spell r. by 
 nZe of the fates, fatorum nulli revoca- 
 bile carmen, Prop. 4. 7. 51- „. . , 
 recovery : I. ^<^« "/ oettirigback 
 a/ain : T recupgratio r. of liberty 
 n libertatis, Cic. Phil. 10, 10. 20 2. 
 repiratio: this death is «''«/• "/.'y*' 
 mors haec reparatio vltae est. Prudent. 
 Cath. 10, 120. 11.^ FromMnzss_ 1 
 rgfectio: relieved from fever, he will 
 scarcely have strength for r., ... .vix re- 
 fcctioni valebit. Cels. M 5- 2. recrea- 
 tlo: useful. for r. after "C^n^-ss, ab ae^- 
 tndine recreation! etHcax. Phn. H. N. 22, 
 2}. 49 6 102. 3. medicina : strictly, 
 r^ns of r. : so that some god seems o 
 Z^e effected my r., ul mihi deus al.quis 
 m. feclsse videatur, Cic. Fam. 14. 7- 
 4 rfinigdium. in same sense r. 
 from, blindness, r caecitatis, Tac H. 4. 
 81 5 sams, atis./. th^ r. of many 
 sick persons I consider to have been 
 654 
 
 caused by Aesculapiif, mnUorum ae^ 
 grorum sahitera ab Aesculapw datam 
 Llco. Cic. N. 1). J. ?8. 91 \ l^e aban. 
 'dLihope o/r., spem ^-^l^t'^ f fj-^; ( 
 Plin. Ep. n. IT- to '^'^P'^'^^f'^-A^^ 
 desperare, Cic. Quent. 2;, 68 6. sani- 
 tas until treatment comes to '^/r«« J;- 
 
 ad sanitatem d"™ .^en'^^Fw-Si.^m/ at 
 e T II- we airive with difficulty at 
 r difiiculter ad sanitatem pervenlmus. 
 Sen Ep 50,4. P^r.: the diseases 
 of ihe state being regarded <^P0%^-' 
 desperatis reipubUcae morbis, C'c. Sua 
 ,H n6 lest mv enemies may hope for 
 
 Ueir oim r., ne ■^^^'f---%'^%^^ 
 ronvalescere posse, Brut. ap. Cic. Jam. 
 ,19:0/ uiose r. youd^pa^r, quos 
 diffidas sanos facere. Cato. R. K. I5T 
 
 min legal sense ; r. of debts, etc. . 
 - ■ .!„". ni<r%i 2 fde evlctionibus et 
 rupt:stSa«on)^v.,OK^ovEK(14) 
 
 i.„„„aVit. I coirardly: 1. ig- 
 nlTTand unwarlike among foes 
 Fgnavi et imbelles inter hostes,Liv. 26. 
 ' 2 2 fiigax : routed by a r. enemy. 
 fngacissimo ab hoste fusos, T.iv. 5, 28. 
 Phr.: timi-ius ac tremens, Cic. Ps. jo, 
 ,4 a r.frier.d. false sodalis. CatiUI. 27, 
 ill Apostate .- 1. apostata. ae : 
 Tertull adv: Marc. 5. " = CyP--- ^>aps. ??. 
 2 perfWas:ib. 3. deiector- Tac. 
 JnUvoatp. 1 To reproduce ^ 1. 
 relref^fo re-create itf light (of the 
 siinTr. lumen, Lucr. 5, 7'8 there man 
 bS "P ^^<^ '■'■<'^"'^'' men, 1 lie homo 
 homines educat, recreatque, PI. Men. 1, 
 , T useful for re-rreating flesh on 
 I^Js, ad...ra8is ossibus ca^^es/^^re- 
 andas, Plin. H. N. ?4. I5. 4^ '.'|,.^2 
 nSvo 1 • this. . .re-creates . eariedhmbs, 
 haec . .fessa membra novat. Ov. Her. 4, 
 00 II To refresh : 1. recreo, I ■ / 
 Tustainand r' myself with Ifr'ttur^' 
 Uteris sustentor et recreor. Cic. Att 
 i 10 2 rgmitto, mi.si. missum, ?. 
 
 Ikusic r.s the spirits, r.mjttit animos 
 id Fin. 2, I?. ?8. 3. av6co. l . the 
 nioderate proportion which ma>ir. rather 
 tt an occupy'!^ ^nK avocet mag-s quam 
 distringat. Plin. Ep. i. 24: v. refresh. 
 
 ""^J^r^roat^nn • 1 rfemissio: to de- 
 scl^Tt^^^- -of th^mind a.d to sport. 
 ad omnem animi recreationem, ludura- 
 que descenders Cic de Or 2. 6 22: the 
 times of cares and pf r.s <i»"«^<*',^"^- 
 ™,ra riirarum remissionumque divisa, 
 Tic Agr 9. 2. rglaxatio : r. of the 
 soul, animi relaxatio, Cic. Fam. ^ 26. 
 3 oblectatio r. 0/ the soul, animi. 
 id deOr. 1.26,118. 4. requies. etis 
 and ei./. : that I might seek r. for my 
 soul, ut requiem animo meo quaererem 
 Liv a IT. as the r. and dehght of my 
 old' age. ut meae senectutis requies ob- 
 lectamentunique, Cic. Sen. i!. 52- 0; 
 ludus ; / postpoaed my senous business 
 to their r.fposthabui iUorum mea seria 
 ludo Virg Ecl.i.n. 6. laxamentum- 
 that'r. beino alloived for thought, eo 
 laxamentrt cogitationibus dato, Liv. 7, 
 ,8. 7. v&catio : r. after legal busi- 
 ness a causis vacationem, Cic. Leg. i, 4, 
 II. ' 8. av5camentum: Plin. Paneg. 
 Ri Phr: en jailing r. : (1). lio^r 'a- 
 bonim, Hor. A. P. 212. (2). vacuus: 
 Cic T>eg 1.4.1?. (3). fenatus . ld.^.U. 
 i,'l1. 102: on days of r., festis diebus, 
 Hor. A. P. 210, 2Jt. 
 
 recreative : 1. ^^'^"'^^ o'" •''™* 
 (nom. sing. masc. not in ^^p-Jh^.'j 
 \rt (namely, acting), ars ludicra. Liv. 
 T 2 . bom are pleased with r. exercise. 
 ekercitatione ludicra delectanlur. Cic. 
 N I) I n 102. 2. festivus {merry) ■ 
 r 'aamk. Uido- festlvos. PI. Cas. 4, i. 2. 
 
 3 ludificabilis (V. rare) ib. j. 
 
 4 ■ lusorius: Sen. Ep. 80. 2. 
 recriminate : most nearly expr. by 
 
 rSglro ™s^ gestum. J : whm he could 
 not refute the charges, he r.d, quum cn- 
 mina dlluere non posset, regessit Plin. 
 Ed 6 22: let us r.. regeramus ipsl cri- 
 men, Sen. Hipiyil. 720 '•«'?^oBT,„j^3 
 recrimination: expr. by mutua 
 ac^uSdot- by Quint. T ^; 9-^ ^"^^ 
 Graeci i.TCKaT7r/opca,- vocant, nostrorum 
 I qnidam concertativam) : why were they 
 
 silent after uttering r.«? cur mutua ao- 
 cusaUone Intenta silerent? Tac A. 6 + 
 Phr a disgraceful bandying of r.i, 
 foediim certamen inquinandi tamam al- 
 terius, Liv. 29, i7 . „ , , . « 
 recruit («•) •• • To refresh: 1. 
 rSffcio. feci. fectuAi. j: to r. one^ 
 strength, r. vires, Cic Sen. "■ J^J J^ 
 r. oTieself r. se, id. Fam 1' ^^' ^^ . 
 (a v): v. REFRESH. 2. t6v5co, i: 
 tZ'r on^s strength and flesh, vires et 
 corpus r., id. ib. ||. Milit. t. t. : 1. 
 suppleo, 6vi, etum, 2 (to furnish a com- 
 ple^ni): Ugions r.'d from the army 
 of Brutus, legiones ex Br'iti exercitu 
 suppletae, M. Anton, in Cic. Pnil- 8. 9. 
 IT to r. the armi/ by Umes, s. exercitum 
 delectibus, Tac A. 4. 4- . 2. expleo^ 
 evi, etum, 2: to r. tAe legions, lefoo^ 
 e Liv. I, jo: <ft€ ai-my was r.'d Mth 
 difficulty on account of the plague, ex- 
 ercitus aegre explebatur propter pesti- 
 
 lentian., id. 4°. ?&■ <"*>•■ ^- T"''' Yf; 
 
 3 r6f icio, feci, fectum. } : tor. tM 
 Ugions from the levies, r. legiones ex 
 delectibus, Caes. B. G }. 81 : Liy. Phr.. 
 to r. his diminished forces, copias demi- 
 nutas redintegrare, Caes. B. G. -j, Ji : 
 v. foil, art, . . . ... 
 
 recruit (subs.) : 1. ti™, onis (adj. 
 Jd!Ii^^anewiy levied soldier) : there 
 are three veteran legions, one of r.s, le- 
 giones sunt veteranae tres, tironum una. 
 Plane, in Oc. Fam. 10, 24. J= ^''^f;' 
 Cic : adj.: r.s.t. milnes. Cic Phil. 11, 
 „ !9: the condition of a r., tironatus, 
 as,Cod. Theod. T .}, 21. 2 tirun- 
 culus (dimin.<'fpreced.: «.f s-|"^°^-; 
 a ven/ young.ram r.. t. miles, Suet. .Ner 
 21 ad fin. 3. expr. by novus miles: 
 to send any one to laise r.s. ad inquisi- 
 tion, m novorum miliium mittere ali- 
 quem, Curt. 4. 6. Jo. ^4. follec. 
 Uvely, r.s may be e^P^- ^y/e^fus 
 (a raising of troops. Uvy): to Jdl up 
 legiinis out of the nei«r.s. ex t.ovo de- 
 lectu legiones conhcere, Caes. B. <^- i, 25, 
 ad imt. ; v. levy : or by supplementum 
 (a filling up of a body of troops) :0 
 ^rol rIfJr the Ugions, s. J^K'ombus 
 scribere,Cic. Fam. i.i.i: a body of rs 
 s. novorum militum. Curt. ;, 7, 12. or 
 by tirocinium (rare) • a despised body of 
 ri, coiitemptum t., Liv. 40. 1$, adfln. 
 
 recruiting: 1. delectus us (o 
 
 levy^ r'ln the provinces d. pro- 
 vincialis, Cic. Fam. .5, i. 5; "/"''"^.f 
 t/,e stringency of the r.. delectus acerbi- 
 tate constemati, Liv. 21, n. ^r.. 
 Join d. et conquisitio, Cic. Prov. Cons. 
 1 e 2 supplementum (to /W MP Me 
 ranks) : he departs for the ^akeofr.and 
 mustering cavalry, per causam supple 
 menti equitatusque cogendi discedit- 
 Caes B G T9. Phr.: a r. -sergeant, 
 perh. conquisit^r. Cic. Mil. 25, (>1 : Liv = 
 the r. of fresh tmops, inquisitio novorum 
 militum', Curt. 4, 6. 50. .,„,„„ ,„», 
 
 rectangle . '^S^'^ quadnlatera rec 
 tangula. - orthSgonins 
 
 trfgonum o. describereV.tr. 10 6, (11), 
 
 4 2 direcliangiilus : Mart. Cap. 
 3 *rectos angulos habens (.Kr.). 
 
 Also, normatus ad perpendiculum. Col. 
 
 '"rectify: I ^o corrf: coruso, 
 reirreclum, ? ■- v. cobbect. ||. T. t., 
 nurco i; liquo, I: v, pobify. 
 
 ""rlctification-. I. ^'"Vr^pT' Z'- 
 rectio . v. correction. ||. ^- '•• P""^ 
 eatio: V. PUBiFiCATiou. 
 
 rPPtUinear: directllineus. Mart. 
 Cap nertL liAeas habens. rectis lineis 
 
 ^'^rPCtitude: pr6bitas: v.nPRiGHTNMS. 
 
 vopfor- I Of a school, gymna- 
 ^l^'^S!.-: -reclor, Moderator (KrO:^r 
 nerh exnr by gymnasiarcbus, ct. Uic. 
 ^e^' Tli, Vir'to be r., 'piaefectum 
 Js^ro^'pri^se (With dat.): v- pre- 
 side ovm II. AS an eccl. t.: pa- 
 rochi rector, cuno. ,„,,„„, reo 
 
 rectorship: expr. by 'munns rec 
 
 '"rectoi?f-^e«.«i°«^""'«°^*""^ 
 parochi, etc.
 
 RECUM BENT 
 
 RED-HANDED 
 
 REDUCE 
 
 rooumbent : rficObans : v. begun- 
 ma: sometimes also expr. by supinus, 
 rgsilpinus {lyingon the back): v. supink. 
 
 recur: |. To rttam : redco, ii, 
 
 Hum, 4 V. RfrruRN. ||, To have tk- 
 count to : coiifugio, fugi, } : v. bk- 
 
 CO0R.sk. 
 
 recurrence : rgduus, us . v. rktokn 
 
 (^tubs.); asMduitas v. repetition. 
 
 recusant: contumux, acie: V. RE- 
 FBAtToRV. in {•'.n\i. Hist, perh., *l)is- 
 Beolienies, Dls-sidciites, the U.S. 
 
 red : 1. rufus (act. to Gell. 2, 26 
 it includes all fhades from brown to 
 yellow ■ rare) . a r.-haired </irl, r. virgo. 
 Ten Heaut. 5, 5, 17 : Cels. 2. ruber, 
 bra, brum (in Cic. peih. only In prop, 
 names), r. blood, r. sanguis, Hor. Od. 
 Ji IJ> 7 : ">"• wattles (of a aick), inclining 
 to white, palea r. subalbicans, Vair. 
 R. R. ?, 9, 5 : very r. nitre, nitrum quam 
 ruberrinium, Cels. 5, 18, }i. 3. ru- 
 bens, mis (prop, part.) : r. mith ver- 
 milion, minio T., Virg. K. 10, If. a red 
 kind, a fess red kitul, and (me inter- 
 mediate between these, rubra species, et 
 minus r., et inter has media, Plin. jj, 6, 
 1} : with her ears r., rubentibus auri- 
 culis. Suet. AuR. 69. 4. russus (rare) : 
 r.ffum, V. gingiva, Calul. 59, 19: Lucr. . 
 r. throat, fauces nissae, Knn. in Cic. Div. 
 2,26,57. 5. riibicundus(esp. of com- 
 plexion : ruddy) : a certain r.-haired 
 man, somewhat dark, with a ruddy 
 mouth, nifus quidani, siihniger, ore ru- 
 bicundo, I'l. Ps. 4, 7, 21 : the r. moon, r. 
 luna, Plin. 18, j;, 79: r. cornel-berries, 
 T. corna, Hor. Kp. i, 16, 8' the ruddy 
 com, r. Ceres, Virg. G, i, 297. 6, 
 riibidus (ace. to Gell. 1. c. a very dark 
 shade of red) : a face usually r. from 
 intoxication, facies r pleruraque ex 
 vinolentia. Suet. Vitell. 17. 7. '"u- 
 beus (rare): a r. colour, r. color, Varr. 
 R. R. 2, 5, 8 (said to be between black 
 and dun) : Col. 8. riitilus (a r. I'/iic/i 
 inclines to golden yellow): r. hair, r. 
 comae, Tac. G. 4 : the r. light (of the 
 planet Mars), r. fulgor, Cic. Kep. 6, 17 : 
 r. yore, r. cruor, Ov. M. ;, 8j : to dye the 
 hair r., like bronze, capilluni r. aerique 
 assimllera reddere. Suet. Ner. i : very r., 
 praerutllus, Auct. Carm. de Jud. I)om. 
 202. 9. riitllans (prop, a patt.) : 
 
 Plin. 16, II, 22. 10. riitilatus (prop. 
 a part.): long r. hair, promissae ac r. 
 comae, LIv. j8, 17, ad init. (ace. to 
 some, dyed r.) : Tac. H. luteus (ace. 
 to Gell. 1. c. a very light shade r^^anie or 
 rose-coloured) : a r. bridal veil, 1. flani- 
 mea, Lucan 2, i6i : v. KOSE-coLonRKD. 
 12. puniceus (scarlet r.): r. rose- 
 plantations, p. rosela, Virg. E. 5, 17 : r. 
 blood, p. cruor, Ov. M. 2, 607 ■ also poet. 
 phoeniceus, id. JI. 12, 104: punicus: Ov. 
 Am. 2, 2, 22 : on the particular shade 
 see ijucr. 2, 8 jo : Prop. 2, 6, 40. 13. 
 sanguineus (blood-r.) ■ r. mulberries, s. 
 mora, Virg. E. 5, 22: r. moon, s. liina, 
 Ov. Am. 2, I, 2j: a r. reflection, s. re- 
 percussus, Plin. 17, 10, 60. I4. san- 
 guinOlentus (same aspreced.): Ov. Am. 
 I, 12, 12. 15. purpureus (purpk-r.) : 
 r. poppies, p. papavera. Prop, i, 20, }8 
 the r. rose, p. fios rosae, Hor. Od. j, 15, 
 I5' 16. flamnieus (.fiery red) : r. 
 
 eyes, f. lurnina, Ov. H. 12, 107 • Plin. : v. 
 FiEitY. Phr. : the R. sea. Sinus Ara- 
 bicus, Mel. ?, 8 (llubrum, Erythraeum 
 mare is the Indian Ocean) ■ a r. Indian, 
 perh. Indus aereo colore, after Plin. 8, 
 52, 78: a r. herring, *harenga sale ac 
 fumo durat* . v. also keddkn (111.) 
 
 red, to be : 1. riibeo, 2 : the wave 
 is red with blood, unda ruliet sanguine, 
 Ov. M. II, J75: the eyes are red, ocelli 
 rubent, Catul. j, 18: at sunrise we see a 
 part of the sky to be »■., ortu solis par- 
 tem coeli r. videmus. Sen. Q. N. i, ;, 8 
 V. BLUSH. Comp. subrnbeo. 2 (to be 
 reddish) : the grape is partly r., sub- 
 rubet uva, Ov. A. A. 2, }i6. 2. ru- 
 tno, I {to have a reddish glmv) : they 
 see arms to be r. (In the sky), arma r. 
 vident, Virg. Aen. 8, 529. 
 
 red-beard: **'ii" rutila barba: less 
 exactly, aenobarbus (In'onte - bearded). 
 Suet. Ner. i. 
 
 red-breast ; *8ylvia rubecula. 
 
 redden : I. To make red ; 1. 
 rutilo, I ; to r. one's hair, r. comam. 
 Suet. Cal. 47. 2. rulo. i (to make 
 
 reiUlish) : it r.s Me hair, rufat capillum, 
 Plin. 2}, 2, J2. 3. rubgtacio, feci, fac- 
 tum, } (poet.) ■ to r. the horns with blood, 
 r. cornua cruore, Ov. M. 12, {82. 4. 
 rubrico, I (to paint r.) ■ Venanu 5. 
 minio (to paint a vermilion r.) : cf. 
 m. Jovem (to paint a statite red), Plin. 
 n, 7, 16. 6. flammo, l (to make fiery 
 red) : the youth, r'd with shame, flam- 
 mala pudore Juventus, Val. Kl. 4, 65;. 
 II. To grow red : 1. rilbe.-.co, 
 
 bul, J : the clouds r. before the rising 
 of the sun, ante exorientem 8<jleni 
 nubcs rubescunt, Plin. 18, {5, 78: tlie 
 rose gradually r.inn, unfolds itself, rosa 
 paullatim rul>escens dehiscit, Plin. 21, 
 
 4, 10 Virg. Ov. 2. rutllesco, j: 
 the hares r., lepores rutilescunt, Plin. 8, 
 55. 81. 3. rQlesoo, } ■ boiied down till 
 it r.s, decoctum donee rulescal, Plin. 28, 
 12, ?t. 4. erubesco, bui, j: v. blush. 
 
 reddish : 1. subrulus : rather r.- 
 haired, s. aliquimtum, PI. Capl. j, 4, 1 15 : 
 Plin. 2. subruber: r. flesh, s. caro, 
 Cels. 5^ 28, 8. 3. subrubeus: Non. 
 549, 9. 4. snbriitilus: a r. shrub, 
 frutex s., Plin. 24, 11, 54. 5. subrii- 
 bicundus; a r. ulcer, s. ulcus, Cels. ;, 
 28, 4, ad init.: of an angry man. Sen. 
 Ira, }, 4, 1. 6. russeus: a r. tunic, 
 r, tunica. Petr. 27, i. 7. russedlus . 
 lYud. <jTe</>. II, I JO. 8. russiilus: 
 
 CapiioL Albln. 5, 9. 9. rQbellus 
 
 (dimin. ol ruber) : r. wine, r vinum, 
 Mart, i.ioj, 9: Plin. 10. rubellulus 
 (dimin. of preced.) : Marl. Cap. H, 
 rubelliunus applied to vines. Col. j, 2, 
 14: for which Plin. 14, 2, 4. ^ 2?, has 
 ^ubellu^;. 12. grylhraeus: said of 
 
 the colour of a ram. Col. 7, 2, extr. 
 13. often expr. by rubens, rubeus, 
 rubidus, or even ruber: the r. purple 
 of Tarentum, rubra purpura Tarentlna, 
 Plin. g, 59, 6;: a r. colour is inferior to 
 a blackish one, rubens color nigrante 
 deterior, id. 9, j8, 62. 
 
 reddishness : expr. by an adj. (v. 
 preced. art.) with color: as, snbnitilus 
 color, Plin. 10, }, } ■ subrulus c., id. J7, 
 10, 61 : or perh. simply by rubor, Cels. 
 
 5. 28, I. 
 
 red-earth : rubrica, Plin. • Vitr. : 
 adj., rubricosus, Cato Col. 
 
 redeem : I. To ransom, get back : 
 1, rOdimo, emi, eniptum, j r to r. 
 captives from brigands, r. captos a prae- 
 donibus, Cic. Off. 2, 16, 56 : to r. captives 
 from slamry. r. captos e servitute, id. 
 ib. 2. 18, 6} to r. the state by gold, auro 
 r. civitatcm, Liv. 9,4, extr. : they wished 
 to r. him from death vfith tlieir own 
 blood, eum suo sanguine ab Acberonte 
 cuperent r.. Nep. Dion 10, 2 . ye have 
 been r.'d by the blood of Christ, redempti 
 estis sanguine Christi, Vulg. 2 Pet. i. 18: 
 v. RANSOM. 2. redempto, i : Tac. H. 
 J. J4- 3. libfiro, i: v. skt frkk: to 
 r. the land tax, perh. *vectigali jigros 
 liberare, after Cic. Agr. i, 4, 10. 4. 
 rgpignfiro, i (to r. o pledge) : Ulp. Dig. 
 1 J, 6. 5. } 12. II. To make amends 
 for ■ redimo, emi, emptum, j : to r. 
 many charges of sloth by his death, 
 multa desidiae crimlna niorte r.. Veil. 
 2, 87, I : Sail.: Ov. : v. atone fob, bk- 
 
 PAIR. 
 
 redeemer: I. Deliverer: llber- 
 iitor : V. LIBERATOR. ||. In eccl. 
 
 sense : redemptor, Aug. : the Lord your 
 H, Doininusr. vester, Vulg. Ksai. xllii. 
 
 14 V. .SAVIOUR. 
 
 redemption : redemptio ■ r was de- 
 niett the prisoners, aiptivis r. neg,ibi\tur, 
 Liv. 25. 6, ad med, : sanctifuatiou andr., 
 siuictiflaitio et r., Vulg. i Cor. i. jo. 
 Phr.: the nwk of human r., 'salus 
 diviriitus missa (G.): v, uberation, 
 
 DKLIVKBANCE. 
 
 red-hnnded ; 1. expr. by manl- 
 festus (adj.), manifesto (adv.): to take 
 the c(m!:pirators r., conjuratores mani- 
 festos habere. Sail. Cat. 41, extr. . Cic. 
 Clu. 14, 42. 2. later but more 
 
 exactly expressive, flagranti crimine 
 
 (delicto) ; e. g. comprebendere, Ood 
 Just. 9, I J, I, init. 
 
 red-hot : 1. candens, Dtis (part, 
 of candeo, u\, z: to be r.): a r. coal, a 
 carbo, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25 : r iront, c. 
 laminae (al. ardente^), Id. Verr 5, 6j, 
 i6f. 2. fervens (ylouing or boiling 
 hot) : Caes. Cic. 
 
 red-lead : minium : Plin. Virg. : a 
 r pencil, cerula niiniata, or mlniatula, 
 Cic. Att. 15, 14, (ui/t/., 16.11,1. 
 
 redness : rfibor, oris (of all shades) : 
 there is often r and heal, saepi- r. cum 
 calore est, Cels. ;, 28,4: a deep r., pluri- 
 mus r., Virg. Aen. 1 2, 66 : an interne r., 
 T. acerrimus. Sen. N. y. i, 14, 2. Cic; 
 
 V BLU.SH. 
 
 redolent : reddens, ntis (part, constr. 
 with o'C.i both prop, and tig); r. qf 
 wine, r. vinum, Cic. Phil, j, 25, 6j: 
 speeches r. of antiquity, orationes r. an- 
 tiquitatem, id. Brut. 21, 82. v. ijmeu. 
 
 OF. 
 
 redouble : 1. inggmino. i : <<> r. 
 the tilows with his right hand, dextra L 
 Ictus, Virg. Aen. 5, 457 : Ov. 2. coo- 
 gem ino, I : to r. (me's blows in dote 
 su'cession, c. Ictus crebros, Virg. Aen. 
 
 12, 714: V. INCBKA.SE, DOUBLE. Phr: 
 when the recruiting was carried <m with 
 r.d energy, cum delectus inientius ha- 
 beretur, lAv. 8, 17. 
 
 redoubt : nearest word p< rh. pr5- 
 pugnaifilum (cf. Tac. H. }, 19) : more 
 indef. munimentum : v. fortification. 
 
 redound ; |. L 1 1. : redundo ; v. 
 OVERFLOW. II, Fig.: redutido, i: 
 
 thy ylory, some of nhich r.s tu me, tua 
 gloria, ciijus ad me allqua pars reduiidat, 
 i'lin. Kp. 5, 12: / think that the praise 
 of the youth r.s somewliat to my ad- 
 vantage, laudem adolescentis exislimo 
 ad meuni aliquem fructum r, Cic. Llg. 
 i, 8 : noil' it r.s to my advantage, quod 
 quidem lx>ninn milii nunc redundat, 
 id. Q. Fr. }. 9. i. I'hr. : to have con- 
 tributed greatly to the safety of another 
 mail r.s to the honour of many, multum 
 posse ad salutem alterius honori est 
 multis, Cic. Fragm. P. 0pp. 
 
 redress ("■)• restituo, ui,.iltiun, ): 
 he forbids wrongful violence to be done, 
 or orders it to be r.'d wlien done, aul vim 
 fieri vetat, aut restitui factam jubet. Cic 
 Caecin. i }. j6 : to r. a judicial dei-ision. 
 Judicium r., id. Verr. 2, 26. 6}: v. bb- 
 paik, undo. Phr.: to r injuries, in- 
 jurias rescindere etirritas faccre. id. lb. : 
 to r. the tcrongs of the allies, soclonira 
 injurias curare. Sail. Jug. 14. 19: to r. a 
 grievance, iivjuriam levare, Liv. 4, 7. 
 
 redress (subs.) : expr. by a verb : v. 
 preced. art., and reparation : to se-^k r. 
 J or one's injuries, jus suum prosequi, 
 Cic. Div. in Caeiil. 6, 21. 
 
 red-tail, -start: phoenlcurus, Plin. 
 10, 2 /, 44. (Sylvia p., Latham.) 
 
 reduce : I. '/"" bring into any 
 
 condition : 1. rddlgo, egi, actum, } 
 (coiistr. with ace. dep. mi i;i, ad or sub, 
 with an adv. of place, or abs.) ■■ to r. men 
 to slavery, viros in serviiutcm r., PI. 
 Aul. 2, I, 47 . to r. the Arvei-ni ro a pro- 
 vince, Arvernos in provinciam r., Caee. 
 B. G. I, 45 : to r. to order v hat we have 
 discovered, ilia quae invenimus in ordi- 
 nem r., Auct Her. j, 9, 16 • to r. to the 
 ranks, in ordinem r. Suet. Vesp. 15 (v. 
 UEGitADE) to r. to powder, ad mlnutiam 
 r.. Sen. Ep. 90. 2 r ^> r. to }myrrty, ad 
 inopiam r., Ter. Heaut. 5. i, 56 /« r. tu 
 desjiair, ad desperationem r.. Suet. Aug. 
 8i ; to r. to exlrcmitief, ad incitas r., 
 PI. Poen. 4, 2, 84: to II hat am I rA'. 
 quo redact us sum ! Ter. Kun. 2, 2. 7 
 2. reiluoo, xi. ctum. j (tnhad baik) : 
 to r. to shape, in lorniam r., Ov. M. 15, 
 81 : to r. excrescences on the flesh, carnes 
 excrescentes ad aiiinalitaleni r., I'lin. 
 JO, I J, J9,a<i init. (along with redigere) : 
 to r. fractions to their Ion at terms, 
 *lractiones ad minimos terniinos r. 3. 
 revoco, I (to refer): t" r. everything to 
 the rules of art, r. omnia ad artem et ad 
 praecepta, Cic. de Or. 2, 'i. 44. 4. 
 delrudo. si, sum, j (to thrust Unu-n, r. 
 viiiUntly) : to r oneself to beggary, od 
 mendici'tatem se d., PL Men. i, j, 21 : to 
 655
 
 REDUCIBLE 
 
 REEF 
 
 REFER 
 
 r. to the necessity of ciml war, ad ne- 
 cessitatem belli civilis d., lac. A. i?, 4? : 
 Cic. Off. I, }i. 114. 5. in pass, rgci- 
 do, cidi, casum, j (re sometimes in ilie 
 poets: to be brought doivn, to be r.d) : 
 to suffer the power of the royal dignity 
 to be r.d to such a paint, sinere regiae 
 niajestatis imperium eo r., Li v. 4, z, ad 
 med.: Cic. 6. 'ike preced. redeo, 4 
 (to return, to be r.d to): Caesar had 
 been r.d to tn-o legions, Caesar ad duae 
 legiones redierat, Caes. B. U. 5, 48. ad 
 init. : if my fortunes are r.d so Ijw, si 
 eo meae fortunae redierint, Per. I'h. i, 
 4, 2?. Phr. : to r. to writing. Uteris 
 mamiare, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, 52 : to r. 
 within the limits of ancient manners, 
 ad priscum niorem recidere (aliquid), 
 Tac. A. J, 5}; military discipline had 
 been r.d to a regular system, disci- 
 plina militaris in artis perpeiuis prae- 
 ceptis ordinatae niodum venerat, Liv. 
 9, 17: which distance, r.d to Roman 
 
 measurement, makes quae mensura 
 
 Romana computatione efficit , Plin. 
 
 2, 108, 112, ad fin. II. To diminish : 
 1. redigo, egi, actum, i : they said 
 ihey were r.d from ^>o,o^^o men to barely 
 5000, ex hominum milliiuis lx. vix ad 
 D. sese redactos esse dixeriint, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 28 : to r. to nothing, r. ad nihi- 
 lum, Lucr. i, ic)i : to r. to j^ per cent, 
 r. ad semuncias, Tac. A. 6, lO. 2. 
 minuo, ui, iitum, ; : expenses must be 
 r.d. minuendi sunt sumptus, Cic. Leg. 2, 
 2?, 59 : so, suniptum extenuate, ib. 
 P b r. : his strength being greatly r.d by 
 an inveterate disease, diutino morbo 
 viribus admodum attenuatis, Liv. J9, 
 49 : to r. the si/stem as much as possible, 
 corpori quidquid possis detrahere, cf. 
 Cic. Att. 6, I, 2: to r. to 150, ad cl. 
 retrahere, Suet,. Caes. 41 : a r.d weight, 
 imminutum pondus, Plin. jj, j, ij: to 
 draw on a r.d scale, *niinore modulo 
 degcribere. |||. To subdue : vinco, 
 siibigo, etc. : v. conqijeb. |V. ^^■ 
 t. t. : 1. repono, pOsui, p6situm, } 
 (to replace, set) : to r. a dislocated jaw, 
 maxillani prolapsam r., Cels. 8, 1 1 : to 
 r. dislocations, luxata in locum r., Sen. 
 Ep. 104, 18. 2. r6compono, j: to r. 
 a fracture, r. fractnram, Veg. Vet. 2, 
 
 47. i- 
 
 reducible: expr. by a verb: r. to 
 the rules of art, quod ad artem reduci 
 potest, Cic." de Or. i, 41, i36. 
 
 reduction: I, Oimimdion : de- 
 
 miniitio: an increase or r. of light, 
 accretio et d. luminis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 
 68 : V. DisirsuTiON. II. Subjugation : 
 expugnatio (a taking by storm) • v. 
 SDBJUGATIOV. 111. As o t. t. : (i) in 
 
 Arithmetic, rgpliciitio (numeri), opp. to 
 multiplicatio, Mart. Cap. 7, 250: (ii) in 
 Logic, *reductio ; as, r. ad absurdum, ad 
 impossibile. 
 
 redundancy : rgdundantia : that 
 youthful r. (of style), ilia juvenilis r., 
 Cic. Or. JO, 108 : expr. more freq. by a 
 verb : there ought to be neither r. nor de- 
 ficiency, neque abesse quidquam decet 
 "neque reduudare, id.de Or. 2, 19. 8j (said 
 of style): to check r., luxuriantia coni- 
 pescere, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 122; astringere, 
 yuint. 10, 4, I : »iO r. of m/mey, pecunia 
 non superfluens, Sen. Ben. i, II, 5. 
 
 redundant : 1. siipervacuus : 
 nor is it as prejudicial to listen to that 
 which is r. as to be ignorant of wliat is 
 essential, neque tarn obest audire super- 
 vacua quam ignorare necessaria, Quint. 
 12, 8, 7 : Hor. A. P. J}7. 2. expr. by 
 redundo, i (to be r.) : other letters are r., 
 aliae litlerae redundant, Quint. 1,4,9 
 orators wlio are too r., oratores nimis re- 
 dundantes, Cic. Brut, ij, 51. 3. or 
 by siJperfluo, j ; let nothing be wanting 
 or r., nihil neque desit neque. superfluat. 
 Quint. 8, 2, 22. Join: redundare et 
 superfiuere : Cic. Brut. 91, J 16. 
 
 redundantly : redundanter : Plin. 
 Ep. I, 20, ad lin. 
 
 reduplication : 1. ggminatio (a 
 doubling, repetition): a r. of words, g. 
 verborum, Cic. de Or. j. 54, 206 : ar. of 
 voicels, r. vocaliuni, Qiiint. i, 4, 10. 2. 
 duplicatio (very rare) : a r. of the rays 
 656 
 
 of the sun, d. radiortmi (solia). Sen. Q. N. 
 4, 8. 3. condupllcatio : Auct. Her. 4, 
 28: V. REPETITION. 4, OS gram. 1. 1., 
 *reduplicatio. 
 
 re-echo; |. Trans. : 1. re- 
 sono, iivi, i : you teach the woods to r. 
 the name of Amaryllis, r. doces Ama- 
 ryllida silvas, Virg. E. i, ;. 2. i"6- 
 fero, retiili (rettiili), relatum, j (t-O bear 
 Imck) : sounds are r.'d, soni referuntur, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 57. 144: woocU and rocks 
 r. the cry with an oft-repeated sound, 
 nemora petraeqne vocem multiplicato 
 sono referunt. Curt. ;, 10, 2 : Ov. M. }, 
 j8v 3. reddo, didi, ditum, j (to give 
 back) : the same word is r.'d seven times, 
 septiens eadem vo.\ redditur, Plin. j6, 
 1 5, 2 J : the lowing of the oxen, r.'d from 
 the care, reddita ex spelunca vox bouni, 
 Liv. I, 7, ad med. Phr.: rocks and 
 deserts r. the voice, sasa et solitudines 
 voci respondent, Cic. Arch. 8, 19 : to r. 
 words many times in sw:cession, voces 
 numeroso repercussu multiplicare, Plin. 
 }6, 15, 2?: hills r.ing the uiorifc, collet 
 verba vepulsantes, Lucr. 4, 577. ||. 
 1 n trans. : 1. resono, ari, I (with 
 abl. of the sound or its source .- and wl 
 or dot. of the thing r.'d) : a theatre that 
 naturally r.s, theatrum natura resonans, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. I, I, 14. $ 42: V. rksolkd. 
 2. rfisulto, 1 (again and again): 
 the hiUs r. with the shouting, colles 
 clamore resultant, Virg. Aen. 5, 150: 
 Tac. Phr.: the banks and lakes r. 
 round, ripaeqne lacusque responsant 
 circa, Virg. Aen. 12, 757 : to make the 
 walls r. with their arms, murum cir- 
 cumsonare armis, id. ib. 8, 474 : the 
 r.ing vales, repercussae valles, Liv. 21, 
 
 ii- 
 
 reed : 1. amndo, Inis, /. : tlie 
 
 Mincio fringes its banks with r.s, Min- 
 cius praeiexitarundine ripas, Virg.E. 7, 
 12: Caes.: a r.-thicket, arundinetum, 
 Plin. 17, 20, j; : the Indian r. (bamboo), 
 a. Indica, ib. 16, j6, j$ (q. v.) : a slender 
 r. (Pan-pipe), tenuis a., Virg. E. 6, 8. 
 2. calamus (KaAa/u.os; nearly al- 
 ways applied to objects made of r.) : a 
 r. fit for making arroivs, c. Sagittarius, 
 Plin. i'), j6, 66, (id init. : a r. with very 
 long joints, c. longissimis intemodiis, 
 id. ib. : of a r.-pipe : to run over the 
 open r.s with curved lip, unco labro c. 
 percurrere hiantes, Lucr. 4, 586. 3. 
 canna (rare : ace. to Col. 7, 4, an inferior 
 sort, thinner and shorter than arundo) : 
 the little r.s beneath the tall ones, longa 
 parvae sub arundine c, Ov. M. 8, }J7 : 
 the marsh r., c. palustris, id. ib. 4, 298 : 
 the quivering r., c. tremula, id. ib. 6, 
 J26 : of a r.-pipe, id. ib. 2, 682 : a r.- 
 thicket, cannetum. Pall. Febr. 2J, init. 
 4, cannilla (dimin. of preced.): 
 App. M. 4, p. 14;. 5. stipvila (a 
 stalk) : like the joint of a r., stipulae 
 internodio similis, Plin. J7, 10, 67 : con- 
 temptuously, of a r.-pipe, Virg. E. }, 27. 
 
 6. fistQIa (a pipe) : a r., f., Plin. 
 12, 22, 48 : a r.-pipe in which the row of 
 r.s continually lessens, f., cui semper 
 decrescit arundinis ordo, Tib. 2, 5, ji. 
 
 7. condylus (k6vSv\o^, fist; hence 
 a joint in a r.) ; a flute made of a tiny 
 r., parvi tibia condyli. Mart. 5, 78, ?o. 
 
 8. palus, iidis, /. (o swamp ; hence 
 a r. groii-ing in it) : Mart. 14, 160. 
 
 9. expr. by various special words ; 
 as, phragmites (a r. growing in hedges), 
 Plin. }2, 10, 52 ; d5nax (Soi'of ), id. ib. ; 
 cf. id. 16, ;6, J5. Ph r. : a tall shaft of 
 Indian r. (bamboo), hasUi graniinea, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 56, 125 : similar to a r., arun- 
 dinaceus, Plin. 18, 7, 10, extr.; arun- 
 dineus. id. 24, 16, 9J. 
 
 reed-crowned : irundifer : a r.- 
 kead, a. caput, Ov. F. 5, 6!7. 
 
 reedy : 1. arundineus : a r. 
 
 thicket, a. silva, Virg. Aen. 10, 70 : Ov. 
 
 2. arundinosus (full of r s) : r 
 
 Cnidus, arundinosa Cnidus, Caiul. K', 
 
 2}- 
 
 reef (subs.): |, A row of rocks: 
 
 1. taenia (a band) : many r.s in 
 
 the foaming n'ater, frequentes t. candi- 
 
 cantis vadi, Plin. j, prooem., {4: hence 
 
 the adj. tacniensis : a race of fish that 
 
 haunts the r.s, t. genus piscium, id "^ 
 J7, 61. 2. ezpr. more indef Dj 
 
 saxa, scopuli, etc. : he stuck on a pro 
 jecting r. of rocks, eaxis in procurreii- 
 tibus haesit, Virg. Aen. ;, 204: a vast r. 
 of rocks on the surface of the sea, dor- 
 sum ininiane mari summo, id. ib. :, 
 110. II. Part of a sail: no exact 
 
 word : perh. e.xpr. by *pars veli, cf. Sen. 
 Ep. 77, 2. 
 
 reef (''•)•• no exact equivalent: tor. 
 a sail, "partem veil stringere (cf Sen. 
 Ben. 6, 1 5, 6) : more indef., contraherc 
 vela, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 24; Ov.; subdu- 
 cere, Curt. 9, 4, 10. 
 
 reek : 1. fiimo. i : the warm blood 
 was r.ing on the altars, tepidus cruor 
 fumabat ad aras, Virg. Aen. 8, 106: 
 horses r.ing with swfat, equi fumantes 
 sudore, id. ib. n, jjS- the house itself 
 was r.ing {with feasting), domus ipsa 
 fumabat, Cic. Sest. 10, 24. 2. vaporo, 
 I (to emit smoke or steam) : Plin. : Solin. 
 Phr.: a dagger r.ing (strictly, drip- 
 ping) with blond, culter manans cruore, 
 Liv. I, 59, init. : to make, one's suord r. 
 with blood, sanguine tepefacere hastam, 
 Ov. Her. i, 19 : Hor. 
 
 reel ("•) •■ 1. vaciUo, 1 (a in Lucr. 
 J, 50} ; vaccillo, Lachmann) r.ing from 
 wine, ex vino vacillaiis, Cic. Fragm. apud 
 Quint. 8, J, 66 : ivhen the wh/jU earth r.s 
 under our feet, sub pedibus tellus quum 
 tota vacillat, Lucr. 5, 12 {4. 2. tiiubo, 
 I (in Cic. only fig.) : r.ing with age and 
 wine, titubans annis meroque, Ov. M. 
 1 1 . 90 : V. STAGGER. Phr.: r.ing foot- 
 steps, ebria vestigia, Prop, i, 5, 9: the 
 house appears to r., vertigine tectum 
 ambulat, Juv. 6, J04. 
 
 reel (subs.): |. That on whidi. 
 
 something is wound: no exact word: 
 expr. by fusus (spindle) : to turn a r. 
 rimnd, f. versare, Ov. M. 6, 22 : r.s that 
 wind off the thread, ducentes subtemina 
 f, Catul. 64, ni: V. SPINDLE. II. A 
 diance: *saltatio Scotica moi us Scotici : 
 to dance a r., perh. saliatorium orbem 
 versare, after Cic. Pis. 10, 22. 
 
 reeling (subs.) : 1. vacillatio : 
 shameful r., foeda v.. Suet. Claud. 21, od 
 )in. : Quint. 2. titubatio : r., as in 
 drunkenness, qualis in ebrietate t.. Sen. 
 Ep. 95, 16. 
 
 re-elect ; ref icio, j : to r. tribunes, 
 tribunes r., Cic. Am. 25, 96 : Liv. 
 
 re-empty : re-exinanlo, 4 : Apic. 8, 
 6, od fin. 
 
 re-enlist: rescribo, psi, ptum, ;: to 
 r. nine legions from the same body of 
 soldiers, r. ex eodem milite ix. legionea, 
 Liv. 9, 10. 
 
 re-establish : 1. restituo, ui, 
 
 utum, J: to r. the tribunician pouer by 
 force of arms, T. iribuniciam potestatera 
 armis.Caes. B.C. 1,7: Sail. Cat. j8. 2. 
 reconcTlio, I (to r. by bringing about a 
 good understanding) : to r. harnumy, r. 
 concordiam, Liv. 2, 52, ad med. : to r. a 
 kindly feeling, r. graiiam, Cic. Fam. 5, 
 2, ;. 3. rgfirmo, i (late and rare): 
 a r.'d boundary, limes refirmatus, Sext. 
 Ruf Brev. 14, ad fin. 
 
 re-establishment ; restitutio : v. 
 
 RESTORATION, RENEWAL. 
 
 re-fashion: reflgiiro, i- Vuig.: 
 
 v. TO RRFORM (I.). 
 
 refectory : if used of the dining-room 
 of a monastery, *refertorium, quod vo- 
 catur ; if in a looser sense, coenatio, coe- 
 naculum: v. dining-room. 
 
 refer: A. Trans. : I, To direct 
 a person for infornruition : 1. rejicio, 
 Jeci, jectum, j : to r. you to the letter 
 itsi-lf, ad ipsiim te epistolam r., Cic. Att. 
 9, 15, extr. 2. r6v6co, I : nor do I 
 r. you to the fables of the poets, nee te 
 ad fabulas poetanim r., Cic. Div. i, 20, 
 40 : id. Tusc. 2. 25, 59. 3. delego, i : we 
 r. the admirers of Cato to that volume, 
 siudiosos Catonis ad illud volumen dele- 
 gamus (al. relepamus), Nep. Cat. i, 
 extr. II. To submit to, or judge by 
 any authority or standard : 1. refSro, 
 retiili, (rettuli ), rglatum, j (with ad or 
 adv. of direction) : to r. the matter to 
 the senate, rem ad Senatum r, Liv. 21, 
 6 : Cic. : / am accustomed to r. every-
 
 REFERABLE 
 
 R E F 1 N F. M E N T 
 
 REFLECT 
 
 thing to you. solenne est mibi ad te 
 omnia r., Plin. Kp. lo. 97, ad init. : to 
 r. all things to the standard of virtue, 
 omnia ad viniilem r., Clc. Pliil. 10, 
 10, 20. (N.B. — I'volerre ad populum In 
 Cic. Clu. 40, !?■;, is to r. aneiv to tho 
 people ; ferre is used wlien a proposi- 
 tion is )irst laid Ijefore tlieni ) 2. 
 rejicio, jecl, jecium, j : tor. the maitKi- 
 to the Senate, rem ad Senatum r., \Av. 
 40, 29, ad fm. : to r. the irhole iisue to 
 Borne, integrum causaiu Roniam r., Id. 
 j6, J5 : Caes. B. C. j, 7. 3. r6v6co, I : 
 to r. everi/thinfl to knowledge, <imiiiu ad 
 scientiain r., Cic. Fin. 2, IJ, 4? : to r. 
 everything to his otini power, ad suani 
 poteiitlam omnia r., id. Am. 16, 59. 4. 
 rfimittn, misi, missum, ; : tor. the uhole 
 matter to the Scvale, integram causam 
 ad Senatum r., I'ac. A. }, 10, extr. ; 
 Quint. 5. deffiro, j : to r. the vliole 
 matter to I'ompei/ (put it into his hatids), 
 omnem rem ad Pompeium d., Cic. Fam. 
 I, I: V. HAND OVF.K, .SDBMrr. |||, To 
 
 ascribe, assi'pn : 1. rCfero, retiili (or 
 reuuli), rgliitum, j: to r. evfry'hing to 
 the agntcii of fire, r. omnia ad ipneam 
 vim, Cic. N. D. }, 14, Jj : to r. whatever is 
 magnificent to his renoum, quicquid 
 magniGcum est in claritalem ejus r., 
 Tac. G. ?4 : Hor. 2. delego, i (with 
 dot.) : if rve can r. this crime to the 
 noblest personages, si Ikk crimen optiniis 
 nominibus d. possunius, Cic. Fontei. 4, 8 : 
 to r. the origin of the blunder to the 
 dead, d. causam peccati mortuls, Hirt. 
 B. G. 8, 22. 3. relego, i : to r. all 
 misfortunes to the fault of fortune, r. 
 maia omnia ad crimen fortunae, Quint. 6, 
 prooem., i; : Plin.: Tib. : v. to a.scbibe, 
 ASSIGN. Phr. ; can that definition be 
 r.'d to any otiwr thing vltatever / num 
 ilia definitio possil in aliam rem irans- 
 ferri quamlibet? Cic. Acad. 2, 14, 4?. 
 B. I n t r a n s. : \. To allude to : 
 
 1. perstringo, nxi, ctum. j {to touch 
 upon in speaking) : to r. briefly to a 
 topic, locura brevitcr p., Cic. Am. ij, 
 46: esp. in the way of censure: I will 
 shortly r. to the rest of his career, cele- 
 riter perstringam reliquum vitae cur- 
 sum, id. Phil. 2, 19, 47. 2. attingo, 
 tigi, tactuni, j (to touch jtpmi) : vhen 
 he r.'d to tlie sedition, ut seditionem 
 attigit, Tac. A. i, 15. join: perstrin- 
 gere atque a., Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201. 
 
 3. alludo, si, sum, j (foil, by dat.) : 
 to r. to the verses of Homer, Homeri 
 versibus a.. Va.1. Ma.x. j, 7, No. 4, extr. 
 (late in this sense). Phr.: to happen 
 to r. to that vera thing (in conversation), 
 in eam ipsam mentlonem incidere, Cic. 
 Am. I, j: al»'>, nicntionem facere: 
 V. TO MKNTION. ||. To relate, regard : 
 specio, I : to r. not so much to religious 
 scruples as to the rights of sepulture, 
 non tam ad religionem s. quam ad jus 
 sepulcrorum, Cia Leg. 2, 2i, 58 : v. to 
 
 RELATE TO. 
 
 referable : expr. by a verb : these 
 things are r. to nature, haec ad nalurani 
 revocarl possint, Cic. I»iv. 2, 70, 14;. 
 
 referee : arbiter, tri ; v. umpirk. 
 
 reference : 1. ratio : idtii r. to 
 our annals, ad nostrorum annalium ra- 
 tionem, Cic. Brut, i}, 49: M-ithout any 
 r. to divine things, sine uUa diviiia ra- 
 tione, id. N. I), j, j?, 85: v. kk.sfkct. 
 
 2. rCliitio (rare in ihis sense: only 
 as a phil. and gram. 1. 1.) : in r. to some- 
 thing, e.\ r. ad allquid, Quint. 8, 4, 21. 
 
 3. 16CUS (a place in a book) : v. 
 PASSAGE. 4. expr. most freq. by 
 various phrr. : to uhat am I to say 
 this dream has r. ? quam ad rem dicarii 
 hoc atlinere soniniiun? PI. Rud. j, i, 
 19 : tlie r. is lo lie found in the ilh 
 book, in libro septimo scriptum offen- 
 dimiis, after Gell. 9. 4, ad med. : to give 
 anybody our r., *iiidicare, nominareall- 
 quem cui noti sumus (R. and A.). 
 
 refill ; repleo, 2 : V. TO Fitx UP. 
 refine : A. ^ i t. : l. purgo, i 
 
 (to purify) : to melt gold along ntth 
 iead to r. it, aurura ut purgetur cum 
 plumbo coquere, I'lin. jj, j. 19 : v. 
 PDRIFT. 2. excSquo, xi, ctum, j (to 
 melt out): silver rd, purijied, and made 
 
 dazzling white by remmring all its im- 
 purities, argennmi excoctuni, omnlbus- 
 que ex eo viliis detraclis einaculatum et 
 candi'lactuni, Gell. 6, 5, ait fm. (7. u.) : 
 Ov. F. 4, :86. 3. defaeco, i (to strain 
 off the lees: of liquids) to r. n-ine, d. 
 vinum, Plin. 18, ^6,6}: Col.: v. to strain. 
 I'lir. : r.d gold, anrum ad obrussam, 
 Suei. Ner. 44; obryzum auruni, V'ulg. 
 2 Paralip. iii. ; : r.d silver, argentum 
 puNliilaium, Suet. Ner. 44: Mart, (also 
 pusuliltu<, blistered) : to r. sugar, *huc- 
 charuiii coquere. B. I* ' K- ^ I. Act. : 
 To polish : 1, excolo, c61ui, cultum, J 
 (to improve) : to r. human life, honi- 
 iiiuni vltam e., Cic. Off. 2, 4, i; : Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 66; : cioilised ami r.d, nlan^u<.■- 
 facti ct e.xculti, Clc. Tusc. I, 25, 62. 
 
 2. exp6lio, 4: the (past) night has 
 r.d you and made you a man, no.x te ex- 
 polivlt hominemque reddidit, Cic. de Or. 
 2, 10, 40. Join: excultus atque e., id. 
 Brut. 2;, 9?. 3. p<5iio, 4 (chiefly in 
 part, pass.: v. rfjined): to J', an ora- 
 tion, p. orationem, Cic. de Or. i, 14, 6; : 
 V. I'OUSH, IMPROVE. (N.B. — I'erpolio 
 means to put a finishing stroke to); 
 
 II, Neut. : To dravf minute dis- 
 tinctions: expr. by a phr.: subtilius 
 disserere, Cic. Am. 5, 18; quaorcre, 
 id. il). 2, 7 : to r. ratlier too nmrh u])on 
 thiu' .<:, res aliquanto miiuitiiis tiaclare, 
 id. Fin. 4, }, 7 : teachers that r. over 
 much, acutull et minuti doctores, Gell. 
 
 17.5- 
 
 refined (part, and adj.) .- 1, poh- 
 tus: a r. sclifxilmtin, homo p. ex schola, 
 Clc. Pis. 25, 59 : a nmn devoid of all the 
 more r. branches of culture, vir politioris 
 hunianitatis expers, id. de Or. 2, in, 72. 
 Join: p., urbanus, elegans, id. Brut. 82, 
 28?. 2. hiinianus (netl-edwated. culti- 
 vated): the mind is filled with the most r. 
 p^eosj/re.humanissimaanimuscomplelur 
 voluptate, Clc. Acad. 2, 41, 127 : a most 
 r. and lilieral bent of mind, aninii ad- 
 versio humanis-sinia ac liberalissjma, id. 
 Arch. 7, 16. 3. urbanus (/ini-ji-bierf) : 
 elegant and r. men, homines lauli et u., 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 6, 17 : r. and eloquent, u. 
 disertusque, Hor. Ep. i, 19, 16: you 
 are n-itty and tasteful, you dl-one are r., 
 tu festivus. tu elegans tu solus u., Cic. 
 Clod, et Cur. 5. (N.B.— .Ace. to Cic. 
 Fam. J, 8. i, it was a ne>v word in his 
 time: cf. Quint. 8, }, !4.) 4. elegans 
 (discriminating, tasteful) : r., not mag- 
 nificent, e. non magnificus, Nep. Att. 
 1 j, 5 : a r. species of jesting, e. joc^iiidi 
 genus, Cic. de ('r. 2, 59, 241. 5. sub- 
 tills (nice, delicate, subtle): a truthful 
 and r. judgment, sincerum et s. judi- 
 cium. Cic. Fam. i;, 6, i : a r. palate, s. 
 palatum, Hor. Sat. 2, 8, }8. .1 o i n : 
 s. atque elegans, Cic. Brut. 9, jJ. Ph r. : 
 r. tortures, exquisita supplicia, id. Off. 
 ?, 27, 100 : a more finished atid r. 
 style of oratory, accuratius quoddam di- 
 cendi et exquisltius genus, id. Brut. 82, 
 28; : o more r. mode of flattery, quaesi- 
 tior adulatio, Tac. A. ;, 57 : r. luxury, 
 eruditus luxus, id. ib. 16, 18. 
 
 refinement :_ I. foHshed man- 
 ners : 1, humanftas (good manners ; 
 esp. as the result of education) : a youth 
 of the greatest excellence and r., sunima 
 virtute et h. adolescens, Caes. B. G. i, 
 47 : a life of the most polished r., vita 
 perpollta humanitate, Cic. Sest. 42, 92: 
 letters seasoned u-ith the salt of r., epis- 
 tolae humaiiitatis sparsae sale, id. Att. 
 I, II, ad init.: breaches of r., ea quae 
 multum ab h. discrepant, id. Off. i, 40, 
 '45- 2. cultus, lis (culture, civilisa- 
 tion) ; gorgeous splendour and r. of life, 
 niagnifici apparatus vitaeque c, Cic. Off. 
 I, 8, 25 : the r. of social and ftolitical 
 life, bumanus c. civillsque, id. do Or. i, 
 8, J ?. J o i n : c. atque humanitas, Caes. 
 B. (}. 1, I. 3. urbanitas : r., of which 
 boorishness is the opposite, u. cui con- 
 traria sit rustiritas. Quint. 6, ?. 17:0 
 language tinged, so to speak, with a ler- 
 tainr., urbanitate quadara quasi culorata 
 oratio, Cic. Brut. 46, 170: an air of r., 
 odor urbanitatis, id. de Or. j. 40, i6t. 
 4. elCgantia: r. of life, e. vitae, 
 Ta«. A. 14, 19: the master of r. (i. e. 
 2 U 
 
 leader of "ton"), e. arbiter, id. A. »6, 
 18 agriculture is incompatible urith all 
 higtier r., agri culiura ab omni p.litiore 
 e. abhorret. Cic. Fm. j. 2. 4. Join: 
 e. et niunditia. Id. Or. 2}. 79. ||. 
 Subtlety: 1. Eubtilltas: there is room 
 for this extrrme r, est buic niiDutae 
 subtilitatl locu.s, Cic. Brut. 84, 291 : v. 
 SCBTLETV. 2. arguti6la (ijuUAtle) : I 
 do ru)l think that that r. ought to If ad- 
 mitted, non puio a. islam recipiendam. 
 Gell. 9, 14, rtcfr. : v.ijcibble. Phr.; to 
 neglei:t tlie rs of (logical) partition and 
 definition, spinas parilendi et dehniendi 
 praetermitterf, Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, 9 : an 
 oration weaketieil hy ovei -r., oraiio niniia 
 reUgione attenuata id. Brut. 82, 28}. 
 
 refijier : |. I- 1 1. : expr. by a 
 
 verb: qui defaecal, purgat, etc. : a sugar 
 r., *saccliari cocior. ||, Fig.: argii- 
 tator (a quibblei): Gell. 17, 5. ad fin. 
 
 refinery : a sugar r., *oflRcina sac- 
 charo coquendo. 
 
 reflect : A. T r a n s. : To throw 
 ba/:k rays of light : |, J^ i t. . 1, 
 rCperciitio, cussi, cassum, j (to caiue 
 to rebound : mostly poet.) : it ought 
 to t>e something smooth to r. the suru, 
 j leve quiddam esse det)et quod solem 
 , repercutiat. Sen. N. Q. i. 7, 2 : the 
 I gems flashed back the light, r.ing the 
 sun's rays, gemmae repercusso redde- 
 bant lumina Phoebo, Ov. M. 2, 110; the 
 unreality of a r.'d image, repercussae 
 imaginis umbra, id. M. j, 454: Virg. 
 Aen'. 8, 2?. 2. reddo, didi, uitum, } 
 (to gire back : gen. with imaginem : alt* 
 ace. of obj. in the poets) : the quality of 
 r.ing, natura imagines reddendl, Plin. 
 J?, 9, 45 : the light r.'d his countenance 
 (in the shield), lux vultnm reddidit, 
 I Stat. Acb. 2, 191. 3. remittci, misi, 
 1 missum, ? (to send back) : dirty sur- 
 i faces do not r. the ray, maculosa radium 
 j non remittunt, Sen. N. Q. i. 12. 2 . 
 mirrors r. images, (specula) simulacra 
 I remittunt, Lucr. 4, jii. 4. regero. 
 I gessi, gestum, } : to r. the sun's rays, 
 soUs radios r., Plin. 57, 9, 47. 5. 
 replico, i : tor. the sun's rays, soli* 
 radios r., Sen. N. Q. 2, 10, }. 6. '"e- 
 flecio, xi. ctum, } : to r. the rays back 
 to the point whence they procteded, 
 radios eo unde exierint r., Sen. N. Q. 
 I. J. 8. 7. elido, si, sum, j (to 
 j throw or strike back) : the image it 
 r.'d straight back, imago recta re- 
 trorsum eliditur, Lucr. 4. 294 : Plin. 
 8, revibro, i (both act. and neut.) : 
 Mart. Cap. Phr.: (i). the sun is r.'d 
 in the mirror, speculi refertur imagine 
 Phoebus, Ov. M. 4, J49 : the moon is 
 r.'d in the sea, luiia renidet marl, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 5, 19; he saw his image r.'d in 
 the vater, lympharum in speculo vidit 
 simulacrum suum, Phaedr. 1,4, i : 
 splendid mansions are r.'d in the glassy 
 sea, vitreo natant praetoria potito, Stat. 
 Silv. 2, 2, 49: salt of such brilliancy 
 that il is capaJile of r.ing, sal tanti 
 splendoris ut imaginem rcciplat. Plin. 
 Jl, 7, 41 J 86: to r. the rays falling 
 upon it in different directions, radios in 
 se cadentes discutere, Plin. n. 9. 5^ : to 
 r. the colours of the lainbo" on the 
 nearest nails, colores arcu~ caelestis in 
 pro.simos parietes ejiculari, id. ib. (ii). 
 Special words usfd by Lucr. : tlie bright 
 tieaivnly bodies are r.'d in nater, sidera 
 respondent in aqua radiamla, 4, 211 : 
 the image is r.'d Jrrm one minor to 
 another, de speculo in sp^^-ulnm trans- 
 fertur imago, 4, }i2 (for which also tr«- 
 dilur, 4, ?oo) im'ig'S cannot be r.'d. 
 simulacra nequeunt revorti, 4, 519 (q. v.). 
 II. Fig-: affero. attCili. allatum, 
 afferre, j: v. to hkinc,. tx>NFKR. B. 
 1 n t r a n s. : | To p<mder, tliink over : 
 1. considero, c (constr. with ace. : 
 rarely de, or a clause) : to r upon our 
 state and our dangers, c. re» el pericu' i 
 nostra. Sail. C. 52. ad init. . 1 ic. : / urir.'i 
 you to r. on me and mine, de me ipso 8c 
 de meis te c. velini. Id. Alt. 7, li, au 
 med. ; u-ill you nei-er r. what you are 
 doing or sailing ' nunquamne nee quid 
 facias considerabis nee quid loquare ? id. 
 Farad. 4, ad fin. 2. reputo, i (constr. 
 657
 
 REFLEf;TING 
 
 REFORMATION 
 
 REFRAIN 
 
 with ace. and inf. or rel. cJarise) : r.ing 
 upon thi^se things and pondkring them 
 day and night, haec reputans et dies 
 noctesque cogltans, Cic. Deiut. ij, J8: 
 to r. upon his crime in his mind, faci- 
 nus suum cum aninio r.. Sail. Jug. ij, 
 admed.: ladirise yuutor.on thisagain 
 and again, te moneo hoc etiam atque 
 etiam ut reputes, PI. Tiin. }, 2, 48. 3. 
 coglto, I (constr. with ace, de, or a 
 clause) : to r. how honourable it is, c. 
 quam hcniestum id sii, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 
 58 : vith regard to these circumstai'Ces 
 therefore r., or rather find a solution, 
 ad haec igitur cogita. vel potius ex- 
 cogita, id. Att. 9, 6. extr. : you can r. 
 upon it in your minds, vos id poiestis 
 cum animis vestris c, id. Agr. 2, 24, 64. 
 4. rgcSlij, c61ui, cultum, ? : if you 
 r. upon these things you wiU die with 
 greater equanimity, quae si tecum ipse 
 recolis aequiore animo moriere, Cic. Phil. 
 IJ, 20, 4;: to r. upon his deeds in his 
 mind, pectore sua facta r., Cat. 6j, 45 : 
 Ov. : Virg. 5. commentor, i : v. 
 
 THINK ovhR. 6. circumspicio, exi, 
 actum, 5: V. REVIEW. 7. rfivolvo, 
 volvi, vdlutum, j : v. revolve, ponder. 
 P h r. : / r.'d uithin myself, animum 
 reflexi, Virg. Aen. 2, 741 : / r. upon 
 my deeds and nords, facta et dicta 
 mea remetior. Sen. Ira j, j6, j: r.ivg 
 again and again in my mind upon these 
 things, haec identldem mecum repli- 
 cans, App. M. }, p. 129. ||. To cen- 
 sure : vitiipfiro, l : v. censuke, cast a 
 SLTTR ON. Ph r. : the infamy of our vices 
 r.s upon our friends, viiioriim ;id amicos 
 reduiidat infamia, Cic. Am. 21, 76. 
 reflecting : cogitabundus ; v. 
 
 THOUGHTFUL. 
 
 reflective : I. As gram. 1. 1., reci- 
 procus : a r. pronoun, r. pronomen, 
 Prise, p. 9J9 P. : absolute or r. neuter 
 verbs, neutra absoluta sive r., id. 800 
 (iSio7ra8^) : to be r. in its nature, agere 
 in se per reciprocationem, id. 940. ||, 
 Able to think and reflect : the r. faculty, 
 cogitatio : V. thought, or expr. by 
 verb : V. to reflect (B). 
 
 reflection: A. Lit: |. The 
 act of giving back rays of light : 1, 
 rgpercussus, iis (chiefly in abl.) : tve see 
 the light tremble just as in the r.ofivater, 
 lucem qualeni in r. aquae volitare con- 
 spicimus, Plin. 2, 9, 6 : the r. of the sun, 
 T. soils, id. 5, 5, 5 $ J5 : to throw back 
 colours by the r. from the vails, colores 
 r. parieium elidere, id. 57, 9, 52. 2. 
 repercussio (v.rare) : the r. of the nei{)h- 
 bouring heavenly bodies, r. vicinorum 
 siderura, Sen. N. Q. 7, 19. 3. repulsiis, 
 as : Lucr. 4, 104. 4 rgvibratio ; Hyg. 
 Astr. 4, 14. 5. revibratus, lis : Mart. 
 Cap. 2, 1 10 (Kopp). P h r. : tlte Lares 
 bright with the r. of the fire, renidentes 
 Lares, Hor. Kpod. 2, 66 : the broad firth 
 is lighted up with the r., freta lata relu- 
 cent, Virg. Aen. 2, ?_i2. ||. The image 
 reflected: 1. imago, inis, /. : the r. 
 of the bright mnon, radiantis i. Lunae, 
 Virg Aen. 8, 2}: to gin a more dis- 
 tinct r., certiorem i. reddere, Plin. Jj, 9. 
 45. ecir.: V. rMAGE. 2. effigies, ei- 
 clouds fit to show the r. of the sun, 
 nubes aptae ad exbil>endam eSigiem 
 soils. Sen. N. Q. i, i?, i. Kig. : a 
 daughter uho is the r. of my face, my 
 speech, and my soul, filia e. oris, ser- 
 monls, animi mel, Cic. Q. Fr. i, ?, j. 
 B. F i g. I. The act of consider- 
 ing : 1. cogitatio : many serious r.s 
 occupy my mind, versantur in aTiimo 
 meo miiltae et graves c, Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 
 5 : if that r. about the triumph had not 
 been sugtfcsted to jw, si ista nobis de tri- 
 umphu c. iiijecta non esj^et, id. Ati. 7, }, 
 ad init. Join: commentatio et c.,_id. 
 de Or. I, }?, 150. 2. considgratio 
 (rare) careftd r., accurata c, Cic Acad. 
 2. II, ?5- 3. con.siderantia (very rare: 
 iDOonsiaerantia is read In Cic. Q. Fr. }, 
 9, 2, ed. Kiotz) : Vitr. 6, i, lo. 4. 
 rjpfltatio : r.s upon ancient and modern 
 manners luive ma/ie me digress too 
 much, me veterura iiovorumque morum 
 r. longius tulit, Tac. H. 2, ?8, extr. 5. 
 dgUbfiratio (o weighing well) : v deli- 
 6<i8 
 
 BERATioN. 6. expr. sometimes by 
 ciinsilium (judgment) -. to do anything 
 upon due r., bono c. aliquid facere, Cic. 
 Off. I, }}, 121 : endowed with reason 
 and r., ratioiiis consiliique cumpos, id. 
 N D. 2, I?, ?6 Phr. : to do anything 
 with due r., agnre considerate, Cic. Off. 
 I, 27, 94; cogitate, ill. Arcli. 8, 18: to do 
 anything without v.. agere temere, in- 
 considerate, id. Off. I, 29, loj V. cox- 
 siderately, RASHLY. ||. Animad- 
 version : vltii|ievatio, reprehensio : v. 
 censure. 
 
 reflourish: reviresco, rui, }: Cic: 
 Tac. 
 
 refluent : refluus : the r. waters of 
 the t.cean, Oceani r. mare, Ov. M. 7, 267 : 
 
 V. FLOW back. 
 
 reflux : recessus, us : v. ebb. 
 
 reform («•) •■ I. '/"o '"MUe orfmm 
 aneic : 1. relTcio, f^oi, fectum, } : to r. 
 the broken ranks, turbatos ordines r., Liv. 
 J, 70, ad init. 2. restituo, nl, iitum, 
 i : to r. the ranks, r. ordines, Sail. Jug. 
 51 : to r. the line of battle, aciem r., 
 Liv. 5, 18. 3. rgfingo, finxi, Bctum, 
 ; : Virg. G. 4, 202 . v. be-creatr, re- 
 mould. 4. reformo, i : Vulg. S ipieni. 
 xix. 6. II. Trans.: To amend, im- 
 prove : 1. corrigo, rexi, rectum, j (to 
 set straight, amend) : try to r. mil son, 
 natum mihi c. enitere, Ter. Andr. j, 4. 
 17 : either to corrupt or r. the morals 
 of the state, vel corrumpere mores ci- 
 vitatis vel c, Cic. Leg. j, 14, J2 : to r. a 
 deftct in the laic, viiium legis c. id. 
 SiiU. 22, 6j. 2. recorrig;o, rexi, rectum, 
 } (rare) : to r. the disj.iosition before its 
 wickedness is confirmed, ante animum 
 r. quam Indurescat pravitas ejus, Sen. 
 Ey,. 50, 5. 3. emendo, i (to improve 
 by removing nhat is bad or defective) : 
 to r. a bad practice, e. consueiudinem 
 vitlosam, Cic. Brut. 75, 261 : to r. the 
 condition of Italy by laws, res Italas 
 legibus e., Hor. Ep. 2, i, j : it is easy to 
 surmise what a multitude of persons 
 may be r.'d, facile est opinari quae turba 
 hominum emendari possit, Plin. Ep. 10, 
 97, extr. Join: e. et corrigere, Cic. 
 Leg. }, I}, JO. 4. castigo, i (to 
 
 amend : rare in this sense) : they have 
 r.'d their own faults, castigaverunt vitia 
 sua ipsi, Plin. Pan. 46, 6. 5. rgformo, 
 I (very rare) : to r. and correct corrupt 
 and depraved manners, corruptos de- 
 pravatosque mores r. et corrigere, Plin. 
 Pan. ;j, 2 : to r. the faith of the 
 churches, in statum pristinum ecclesi- 
 arum fidem r., Sulp. Sev. Chron. 2, 45. 
 6, expr. by phr. with melior: the 
 proverb " that a I'hrygian is usually 
 r.'d by blows," proverbium, " Phrygem 
 plagis fieri solere meliorem," Cic. Flac. 
 27' 65 : frequently viciousness is altered 
 in kind, yet not r.'d, malitia .saepe mu- 
 tatur non in melius sed in aliud. Sen. 
 Ep. 47, extr. : how can the Platonic 
 ideas r. me? quomodo meliorem me 
 facere ideae Platonicae possum? id ib. 
 56, 28. I'h r. : Athens r.'d life (by her 
 husbandry), A thenaerecreaveruntvitam, 
 Lucr. 6, 5. III. Ill trans.: To amend 
 one's own n-ays : expr. by some of the 
 preced. verbs with pron. reflect., or by a 
 phr. : tofancii that you will evei- r. ! tu 
 ut unqiiam te coriigas ! Cic. Cat. i, 9, 22 : 
 to r., se ad bonam frngem, iit dicitur, 
 recipere, id. Coil. 12, 28: / hare re- 
 solved to r., certum est (mlhi) ad bonam 
 frugem applicare animum, PI Trin. 2, 
 I, 54: this day demands that he shall r., 
 hie dies alios mores postulat. Ter. Andr. 
 I, 2, 18 (where also occurs redire in 
 viam = to r., to leave off solving wild 
 oats). 
 
 reform (subs.) : v. foil. art. : Phr.: 
 a r.-bill, *rogatio de suffragioruni legibus 
 emendandis : he introduced many r.s 
 into the aH of war, multa in re militari 
 meliura fecit, Ncp. Iphic. i, 2. 
 
 reformation : I. improvement, 
 
 amendment: 1. rorrectio: to take de- 
 light in r., correc'ione gaudere. Cic. Am. 
 24, 90 : o r. of morals, c. morum. Suet. 
 Tib. 42. 2. eniendatio (rare). Join: 
 coirectio Pt e.. Cic. Fin. 4, 9, 21. 3. 
 reformatio (very rare) : a r.of morals. 
 
 r. morum. Sen. Ep. 58, 26. 4. resi- 
 piscentia : Lact. ||. The Reforma- 
 tion : *Reformatio, Milton: in fuller 
 phr., •incboata fa Luthero] veritatis ob- 
 scuratae renovaiio (Kr.) : a history of 
 the R., *historia sacrorum emendatorum, 
 restitutorum (Kr.). 
 
 reformatory (subs.) .- *aedes in qui- 
 bus maletici sceleratique homines (or it 
 may be pueri) ad bonam frugem corri- 
 guntur. 
 
 reformed (part, and adj.) : V, RE- 
 FORM : in the hist, sense, •Reformatus, 
 Milton. (N.B.— emcndatus as an adj. 
 vafa.\is perfect, unblemished.) 
 
 reformer : 1. corrector (used in 
 a gen. sense): experience, nhich is the 
 only r. of the laus, usus, qui est unus 
 legum c, Liv. 45, J2 : the r. Bestius, c. 
 Bestius, Hor. Ep i, i;, J7. Join: 
 emendator ac c, Cic. Phil. 2, 17, 4J : c. 
 atque emendator, id. Balb. 8, 20. 2. 
 emendator: /. -trix, Cic. Leg. i, 22, 58: 
 a r. of the vernacular idiom, e. ser- 
 monis usitati, id. Brut. 74. 259. 3. 
 reforniator (very rare) : /. -trix. Dig. : 
 a restorer and r. of literature, literarum 
 reductor ac r., Plin. Kp. 8, 12, ad init. : 
 used of the Protestant Reformers, Milton. 
 This latter sense may be also expr. by 
 a phr., *melioris formulae aiictor (Kr.); 
 sacrorum emendatorum auctor (Kr.). 
 Phr.: a radical r., perh. *legum quam 
 severissime emendandarum studiosus. 
 
 refract : 1. infrlngo, fregi, Irac- 
 tum, J : the rays being r.'d rebound, radii 
 infracti resiliunt, Plin. 2, J8, }8: an oar 
 r.'d in the water, i. remus, Cic. Acad. 2, 
 25. 79- 2. lefringo, fregi, fractum, j : 
 it is plain that a ray from Vie sun fall- 
 ing upon a hollow cloud has its bril- 
 liancy thrown back in the direction of 
 the sun and is r.'d, manifestum est 
 radium soils immissum cavae nubi re- 
 pulsa acie in solem refringi, Plin. 2, 59, 
 60. Phr.: the oar appears r.'d, remua 
 fracti speciem habet. Sen. N. Q. i, J, 9 : 
 some perfectly straight objects, on being 
 immersed in water, appear crooked and 
 broken (i. e. refracted) to those who 
 look at them, quaedam rectissima, quum 
 in aqnam demissa sunt, speciem cursi 
 praefractique visentibus reddunt, id. Ep. 
 
 71. 24- 
 
 refraction : * refractlo ; radlorum 
 fractio (Kr.). 
 
 refractory: 1. contilmax, acis: 
 r. oxen, c. boves. Col. 6, 2, lo: r. towards 
 those set over him. In superiores c, Auc*. 
 Her. 4, 40, 52 : Cic. : arrogance of speech 
 and a r. spirit, arrogantia oris et c. 
 animus, Tac A. 5, j : a r. syllable, c. 
 syllaba. Mart. 9, 11, 12. 2. rgfrac- 
 tarius (very rare) Cic. Att. 2, i, j, has 
 the dimin. refractariolus, someivhat con- 
 tentious. Join: contumax ac r., Sen. 
 Ep. 7 ?, I. Phr.: he disbanded the tenth 
 legion, which was growing r., decimam 
 legionem contumadusparentem dimisit. 
 Suet. Aug. 24: t(i be r., "adversiis sti- 
 mulum calcare," Ter Ph. i, 2, 28 (lit. 
 " to Irick against the pricks"); if he "ho 
 is to be taught will not proie r., si is qui 
 instituetur'non repugiiaverit, Quint. 8 
 piooeni., 5. 
 
 refrain (subs.) ; versus intercalaris, 
 Serv. ad Virg. E. 8, 21. 
 
 refrain («•) ■■ |. T ra n s. : refreno, 
 I : V. CURB, restrain. II. Intrans.: 
 1. tempSro, i (constr. with the abl. 
 either with ab or alone ; a pleonast. dat. 
 of the reflect, pi on., or animis; wMhsubj. 
 after quin, quominns ; rarely with inf.) : 
 who may r. from tear:" qiiis lemperet 
 a lacriinis.' Virg. Aen. 2, 8: no( to r. 
 even from tears, ne lacrimls quidem t., 
 Tac. A. I ?, 16 : do you believe tie will r. 
 from telling a lie? eiim sibl credis a 
 mendaclo temperaturum ? Auct. Her. 4, 
 18, 25 : Caes. ■ they scarcely r.'d from, 
 making an attack, vix temperavere 
 animis quin impetuni facereni, Liv. 5, 
 4; : they with difficulty r.'d from joining 
 battle, aegre temperatum est quin pug- 
 nam inter se consererent, id. J2, 10. 2. 
 abstineo, ui, tentum, 2 (constr. withab^, 
 with or without the reflect, pron. : witn 
 inf. : with ne, quin, or quominus •• poet.
 
 R £ F K E S H 
 
 REFUGE 
 
 REFUSAL 
 
 with gen.) ■ to r. from, vrotrg doing, a. 
 injuria, Cic. Off. ?, 17, ixtr. : leasil'i r.'d 
 from oysters, nie (■streis facile abstin- 
 ebam. id. Fam. -j, 26, ad fin. : to r.Jrum 
 u-rath, a. Irae, Hor. Od. j, IT, 69: v. 
 ABSTAIN, 3. conttnt-o, ui, tentura, 2 
 (to check: consitr. wiih jnron. reflect., or 
 in the pass, voice : loll, by abl., with ah 
 or alone) ; to r from assenting, c. se ab 
 assentiendo, Cic. Acad. 2, il, 104 : / 
 rannot r. from emhracing, coiitineri 
 quln complcctar iimii (|UI'u, I'l. Itiid. 4, 
 
 4, 128. 4. parco, pi'perci, less frtq. 
 parsi, parcltum, and pursuni, j (to spare : 
 constr. with dat.; rarely with ab, or 
 inf.): to r. from lamentations, p. la- 
 nientU, Liv. 6, J : r. from fear, parce 
 nielu (dat.), Vlrg. Aen. i, 257 ■ I r. from 
 ■mentioning the names of living per- 
 sons, parco nominibiis viventlum, Ijuint. 
 }, I, 21 (R. iind A.) : / confess that I 
 r.'d from availing myself of that as- 
 sistance, fateor me pepercisse auxilio, 
 Cic. Plane. 55, 86. 5. supersMeo, scdi, 
 sessum, 2 (constr. with abl. ; le^9 freq. 
 dat., ace, or inf. ; also impers.) : to r. 
 from battle, s. praelio {abl.), Caes. B. G. 
 
 2. 8; pugnae, Auct. B. Afr. 15: I should 
 hare r.'d from speaking, superscdisscm 
 loqui, Liv. 21, 40, ad init.: since it is 
 right to r. from disputes, quum lilibus 
 superseded aequum sit, id. j8, ;i. 
 Phr. : I could not r. from telling you, 
 teneri non potui quin declararem (tibi), 
 Cic. Att. i;, 14, }: / cannot r. from 
 sending to you, facere non possum quln 
 tibi mittani, id. ib. 12, 27: he ordered 
 that they and theirs should r.from doing 
 injury, iuiperavit ut se suosque ab in- 
 juria prohiberent. Caes. B. G. 2, 28, extr. : 
 Jean scarcely r. from flying at her eyes, 
 vix comprinior quin Involem llli in 
 oculos, PI. Most. I, J, 46: saying that 
 ht did not r. from ansneriny a j*ricatt 
 man, negans se privato reticere, Liv. j, 
 41 : if they shall in no uise r. from 
 doing this, e.\ nulla facere id si parte 
 reparcent, Lucr. 1 , 667. 
 
 refresh : 1. recreo, I (to restore 
 body or mijul to a good condition) : the 
 tree is r.'d by the breeze, arbor recreatur 
 aura, Hor. Od. i, 22, 18: to bring food 
 to r. any one after a su-aon, recreaiuiae 
 defectioni cibum afferre, Tac. A. 6, 50 : 
 to allow an interval for r.ing their cow- 
 rage, spatium interponere ad recreandos 
 animos, Caes. B. C. ?, 74. Join: r. et 
 reficere, Cic. Mil. i, 2 : reflcere et r., id. 
 Plane. I, 2: rcviviscere et recreari, id. 
 Fam. 6, 10, 5. 2. rSficio, feci.fectum, 
 3 (syn. of preceJ.) : to r. the oxen with 
 pasture, pabulo buves r., l,iv. i, •] : the 
 enfeebled stomach demands to be r.'d, 
 stomachus flagitat ininiorsus refici, Hor. 
 
 5, 2, 4, 61 : to r. themselves after their 
 toils, se ex labore r., Caes. B. G. }, 5 : 
 the dewy moon r.s the glades, saltiis re- 
 ficit roscida luna, Virg. G. ;, ; ?7 : repeti- 
 tion r.s the memory of the judge, rerum 
 repetitioniemorlamjudicisreficit, Quint. 
 
 6, I, I. 3. renovo, I : rest r.'d their 
 bodies and souls, quies renovavit cj)rpora 
 animosque, Liv. 11, 21 : tor.the memury, 
 memoriani r., Cic. Inv. i, 52, 100 . the. 
 art of variety r.s the ears, ars variandi 
 renovat aures. Quint. 1 1, ?,44. 4. >n- 
 tegro, I (to make fresh, renew): to r. a 
 mind wearied ivith listming, animum 
 defes6uiuaudiendoi..Cic. Inv. i, 11, extr. 
 Join: refici l.que, Gell. 15, 2, ad med. 
 
 5, rfidlntegro, i : in order that the 
 doves may be r.'d in the open air, quo 
 •columbae Ubero aere redintegrentur, 
 Varr. II. R. J, 7, 6 : to r. the memory, 
 r. memoriam, Cic. Inv. i, 52, 99 : Caes. : 
 Tac. 6. rei6vo, \ : to r. (me's limbs, 
 membra r., Ov. M. 8. 6?9. Join. r. el 
 recreare, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7. 7. rCfSveo, 
 fovi, fotum, 2 : being r.'d by warm baths. 
 refotus calldis pi.scinis. Suet. Ner. 27 : to 
 r. one's strength, r. vires, Tac. A. 12, 66; 
 to r. the provinces, xvearied by struggles, 
 provincias fessas ceriaminibus r., id. ib. 
 2, 54 : Ov. 8. ri'pilro, I : to r. the 
 
 limbs for toil, membra r. labori, Ov. M. 
 4, 216 ; to r. the spirits, r. aniinos, Liv. 
 44. }8, ad I'm. 9. cOro, 1 (to tend ; 
 tence, usu. with corpus, etc., to r. one- 
 
 self) : to r. themselves u-ilh food and 
 sleep, corpora cibo somnoque c, Liv. }, 
 2 : to r. titeir limbs, c. membra, Hor. S. 
 2, 2. 81. Phr.: to T. yiiur parhed 
 VKHith V itK voter, levare arida ora aqua, 
 Ov K. Am. 2(0: to r. themselvet vith 
 fiod, cibo corpora firmare, Liv. 27, 1 1, 
 ad fin. : to r. tfte courage of the soldiers, 
 ardorem mililis novare, id. 26, 19: J got 
 your letter and uas somewhat r.'d, 
 accepi litteras et paullulum respiravi, 
 Cic. Att. 10, I, ad init. 
 
 refreshed (t>ort. and adj.): rC- 
 quiOtus: the soldiers, r., miles r., Liv. 
 44, j8 : v. pi eced. art. 
 
 refreshing (part, and wlj.'\ : no 
 e.\act equiv. (cf. NapeLsbath St. 9 117): 
 it may perh. be expr. by jucunitus 
 (pleasant): water r. to drink, aqua 
 potui J. (opp. to amara), Plin. 6, J2. T7 : 
 lie said he had near drunk anything 
 more r., negavit se unquam bibisse ju- 
 cundius, Cic. 'fuse. 5, J4. 97 : or by some 
 adj. that denotes a pleasiirable sensation ; 
 as, r. water, dulcls aqua, Virg. E. ?, 47 : 
 r. Aganippe, frigerans Aganippe (a foun- 
 tain). CnUil. 61. JO. a r. shade, frigus 
 opacum, Virg. K. i, 52 : v. cooling. 
 
 refreshment : 1. rgfectio (rare) : 
 times set apart for rest and r., tempora 
 ad quietem r.que data. Quint. 10, j, 26: 
 Plin. (X.B. — Recreatio in Plin. 22, 2?, 
 49, is the, act <f restoring ; refectio is 
 used in eccU writers for foud : the hour 
 of r., refectionis bora, Sulp. Sev. Dial, i, 
 14, ad init.) 2. levumen, inis, n. (a 
 siAace, mitigation) : a sweet r. to a weary 
 traveller, dulce viatori lasso l.,Catul. 68, 
 61 ; Virg. : Cic. 3. expr. m.ire usually 
 by a verb : to take some r., cii^" reficere 
 vires, Liv. J7, 24 : they beggea that they 
 would give them some r., orabant ut se 
 cibo juvarent, Caes. B. G. 7, 78 ; v. food ; 
 more indef. expr. by rCquies, v. repose. 
 
 refrigeratory : 1. rgfriggratorius : 
 
 a r. poiver in the Jeai'M, foliis r. vi.s, Plin. 
 
 25, I?, 95 ; V. (XK)LING. 2. expr. by a 
 part. : repressive and r. applications, 
 reprimentia et refrigerantia, Cels. 5, 
 
 26, ;j. 
 
 refuge : 1. perfugium (the most 
 gen. term) : skep seems to be the r. 
 from toils and anxieties, p. videtur 
 labonim et soUicitudinuin esse somnus, 
 Cic. I)iv. 2, 72, 1 50: to afford a r., p. 
 praebere, id. Arch. 7, 16: in Caesar 
 there was a r. for the unfortunate. In 
 Caesare p. miseris erat. Sail. Cat. 54 : 
 to avail oneself of a r., perfugio uti, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, }8: to close the last r. 
 against the vanquished, ullimum victis 
 p. claudere, Tac. Agr. 25. Join: portus 
 ac p., Cic. Clu. J, 7. 2. rfiftigium 
 (once fig. in Cic.) : the u^iods afforded 
 a safer ?■., silvae tutius dedere r., 
 Liv. 9, 57, ad fin. : to afford a r. to a 
 runaway slave, p. servo praestare, Ulp. 
 Dig. If, ?, I, 5 2 : the senate ivas the 
 harbour of r., portus erat et r. sena- 
 tus, Cic. Off. 2, 8, 26. 3. suffugium 
 (covert, shelter) : underground caves, a r. 
 against tite winter, subterranei specus, 
 
 8. hiemi, Tac. G. 16: the sole r. from 
 impending evils, unum urgentiuni ma- 
 liirura s., id. A. 4, 66. 4. confugium 
 (poet, and very rare) : Ov. Tr. 5, 6. 2. 
 
 5. receptaculum (a Uirk-ing-place, 
 retreat) ; (Sicily), the r. of our fleets, 
 r. classibus nostris, Cic. Verr. 2, i, j : 
 r. of deserters, r. perfugarum, Tac. A. 
 14, 29 : a place of r. after a defeat, 
 r. adversae pugnae, Liv. 6, n. <k' •'"'. 
 (N.B. — It is a much weaker expr. than 
 the preced. ; hence Liv. writes, castra 
 sunt victori r., victo perfugium, 44, 59.) 
 
 6. deverticiilum (a place to which 
 one may turn asid/) : lest a r. should 
 tie o iTorded for crimes, ne d. peccatis 
 darentur, Cic. I'art. Or. 59, i j6 : Quint. 
 
 9, 2. 78 (syn. with suffugium). 7. 
 respectus, us (a retreat) : 1/ tliere is no 
 r. elsewhere than among the Romans, 
 si nuUus alio sit quam ad Romanos 
 r., Liv. 42. 46 : a most glorious r.. r. 
 pulcherrimus, Cic. Phil. lo. 4. 9. 8. 
 asylum (a sanctuari/) : to flee to a place 
 of )•., in a. confugfre, Cic. Verr. 1,51,8?: 
 Vlrg. Liv. 9. subsidium (support ; 
 
 smnething to fall back vpon) : there were 
 scarcely a few places of r. for vessels of 
 a moderate site, vIx modicis iiaviiriis 
 pauca s., Tac. A. 4, 67 : no other r. than 
 the compassion of Caesar, non allud s. 
 quam mlsericordia Caesaris, id. A. 2, 6|, 
 O/i init. : toprovide a r., a. coniparare, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 45, 199. 10. e.\pr. by severf I 
 metaphors: (i.) portus (a Aarfcour): there 
 was a r. in him against whom Oiey bore 
 arms, p. fuit apud eum o^ntra quem 
 arma tulerunt, Cic. Verr. ;, 58, 155. 
 Join: p. et perfugium, Cic Clu. j, 8. 
 (.ii.) arx (the stronghold), the r. of pro- 
 fligate citizens, a. civium pi-rdilorum, 
 Cic. Pis. 5, II (Joined with receptacu- 
 lum): Liv. 7, 29. (iii.) praesiiiium (de- 
 fence : r. against an attack) : illus- 
 trious r. for sorrowing prisoners, in- 
 signe maestis p. rt-is, Hor. Od. 2, I. I?. 
 (N.B. — Receptus in Virg. Aen. 11, 529, is 
 doubitul: al. recessus: cf. Liv. 44, J9.) 
 P h r. : they had no place of r., quo se 
 rcclperent non habebant, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 }8 ■ to have a place of r., habere quo 
 confugere possis, Cic. Kam. 4, 6. 1. 
 
 refuge, flee for, take : 1. confa- 
 
 gio, liigi, } (constr. with in with ace., ad, 
 or adv. of direction) : to flee for r. to the 
 ships, in naves c, Caes. B .C. }, 9, ad fin. 
 ire flee to thee for r., ad te confugimus, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 5 : to take r. at the altar, 
 
 c. in aram, id. ib. i, J 5. 8?: to taMe r. in 
 your good faith, in tiiam fidem c id. 
 Quint. 2, 10: to flee for r. to the aid of 
 judges, ad opem judicum c, id. F'ontei. 1 1, 
 
 2J. 2. perfiigio, fugi, j (constr. with 
 ace. of place, ad, or adv. ot direction): 
 after fleeing to the judgment-seat for r., 
 quum perfugisset ad tribunal, Tac. A. i, 
 J2; thither all the croud fled for r., e* 
 omnis turba perfugit, Liv. i, 8, adfln.: 
 to take r. in Hactra, Bactra p.. Curt. 6, 
 
 6, 22. 3. prOfugio fiigl, j : tojletfor 
 r. to Brutus, p. ad Bruium, Cic. Att. 15, 
 21 : Caes. 4. refagio, filgi, j : to take 
 r. ivith the ambassadors, r. ad b-gatog, 
 Cic. Deiot. 11, J2- the toutismen look r. 
 in the citadel, in arcem oppidan! re- 
 fugere, Liv. 6, J J- 5. decurro, cucurri 
 or curri, cursum, } (run for help) , v. 
 HAVE KECOURSE TO. Phr. to take r. 
 in philosophy, in philosopbiae portum 
 se conferre, Cic. Fam. 7, jo, 2. 
 
 refugee : 1. profugus (usu. a^j. ; 
 
 bariished) : to render nssislame to a r., 
 
 profugo afferre opem, Ov. Pont. 2, 9, 6. 
 
 2. confiiga: Cod. Just. I, 12, 6. 
 
 3 exul, Qlis: v. exile. 
 
 refulgence : splendor : v. bril- 
 liancy. 
 
 refulgent : splendldus : V. BRIL- 
 LIANT. 
 
 refund : rgfundo, fudi, fusum, j : to 
 r. property, bona r., Plin. Pan. 40 to r. 
 what he has received, r. quod accepi t, 
 Ulp. Dig. 12, 4. 5, adfln.: v. Ktu-AY. 
 Phr.: a laic under wh ich a person may 
 lie compelled to r. money wrongfully ie- 
 tained, lex de pecuniis repelundis, Cic. 
 Bnil. 27, 106. 
 
 refusal : 1. recusatlo the r. of the 
 discussion, r. dispulationis, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 
 7, 26: utithout any r., sine ulla r.. Id. 
 Phil. 7, 4, I J ; sine r., Caes. B. C. », 98. 
 
 2. r^piidialio (a rejertum) : a pre- 
 tence ifill be a r. in my ei/es, mihi simu- 
 latio pro repudiatione eril. Cic. AtU 12, 
 51. 3. rfitractatio : only In phr. sine r.. 
 Cic. Phil. 14, 14, ?8. 4, drirectatio 
 (a declining) : a r. to srrre in the army, 
 
 d. militiae, Liv. }, 69, ad init.: v. de- 
 clining. (N.B.— This is freq. confused 
 with the preced., as in Liv. 6, 28.) 5. 
 rfipulsa (a rejection, repulse'\ : to endure 
 a r.. r. pati, Ov. ,^L 2, 97 ; the pain of a 
 r., dolor repulsae, id ib. ?, 195. 6. 
 rfniitus, us (a noil of dissent : perh, 
 only once used), to ansircr 6y assent 
 or r., nutu ac r. reispoiulere. Plin. Kp. 
 I, 71. 1' h r. : bid a r. t" !»■ sent to him, 
 Jube ad ilium renuntiari, IM. .Siich. 4. 2, 
 19: Cic: the r. of a triumph nas more 
 glorious than any triumph itself, omni 
 acto iriumpbo de[wsltus triumphus cla- 
 rior fult, Liv. 2, 47, ad fln. .- to make 
 signs of r. with the hand, roanu abnuere, 
 id. j6, 14: to give any one the r. of a 
 
 659
 
 REFUSE 
 
 REGALE 
 
 REGARD 
 
 purchase, perh. *optionem emendi alicui 
 dare : v. option. 
 
 refuse («•) •• 1. recuse, i (to de- 
 cline, reject an offer, deny a request : 
 constr. with ace., de, ace. and inf., subj. 
 after ne, quin, quominus, or absol.) : 
 to r. the friendship of the Romans, 
 populi Komani amicitiam r., Caes. B. 6. 
 
 1, 44: to r. tribute, r. de stipendio, id. 
 ib. ; his feet r. to carry his body, pedes 
 ferre recusant corpus, Hor. S. 2, "j, io3 : 
 nor do I r. to go as your companion, 
 nee tibi comes ire recuso, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 ^04 : he r.'d to express his opinion, 
 sententiam ne diceret recusavit, Cic. Off. 
 J, 27, 100. Join: non r, non abnuo, 
 id. Mil. }6, 100. 2. abnuo, ui, utum 
 or uitum, } (to r, by shalcing the he/id: 
 constr. with a/x., rarely de): to under- 
 stand ithat each mail grants, and vhat 
 he r.s to grant, intelligere quid q\iis- 
 que concedat, quid abnuat, Cic. Fin. 
 
 2, I, } : nor did the senate dare to r. 
 him anything, neque illi senatus de 
 nllo negotio a. audeljat, Sail. Jug. 84: 
 to r. to obey one's superior, a. melioribus 
 parere, Liv. 22, ij, extr. 3. rgnuo, 
 ui, J (to deny by a shake of the head ; 
 constr. with ace. or absol.) : you r. uhat 
 another orders, r. tu quod jubet alter, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 6? : to r. a banquet, r. 
 convivium, Cic. Coel. 11, 27 : he r.s and 
 steadfastly says no, r. negitatque, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 16, 49. 4. nego, I (to dny 
 a request, say no) .• to r. the rights of 
 citizenship, n. civjtatem. Suet. Aug. 40: 
 he r.s to go to meet the enemy, se ad 
 hostem iturum negat, Caes. B. G. 5, 36, 
 extr. : to r. obstinately, obstinate n., id. 
 ib. 5, 6: to r. curtly, praecise n., Cic. 
 Att. 8, 4, ad fin. : to r. courteously, 
 belle n., Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 11, 4; : the 
 region r.s to bear fruit, poma negat 
 regio, Ov. Tr. j, 10, 7 ;. 5. denggo, i 
 (strengtiiened form of preced.) ; to r. 
 to give, dare d., Ter. Heaut. j, i, 78 : 
 to r. one his request, aliquid petenli d., 
 Caes. B. G. i, 42: those to whom nature 
 has r.'d pouers of oratory, ii quibus 
 natura oratoriuni ingeniura denegavit, 
 Tac. Or. 10, ad init. 6. abnego, i 
 ^^mostly poet.) ; to r. a marriage and a 
 dowry, a. conjugium et dotes, Virg. Aen. 
 7, 42J : to r. to be one's companion, 
 comitem a. (sc. se), Hor. Od. i, j;, 22. 
 
 7. subnego (to half r.) : I had al- 
 most liatf r.d your request, tibi prope 
 subnegarara, Cic. Fani. 7, 19. 8. 
 pernego, 1 (to r. utterly) : he r.d 
 the praiiorship, he utterly r.d the 
 consulship, praeturam negavit. consu- 
 latum peinegavit, Sen. Ben. 5, 17, 2. 
 9, repiidio, i (to r. irilh scorn, 
 reject ; esp. as a law term) : to r. an 
 inheritance, r. hereditatem, Papin. Dig. 
 J7i 77. Ji : tor. a match, conditionem 
 r., PI. Trin. 2, 4, 54; to r. a province, 
 r. provinciam, Cic. Phil, j, 10, 26: v. 
 BEJBCT, RENOUNCE. 10. rgtracto, I 
 (to be reluctant ; decline, mostly absol.) : 
 no one r.ing whose age alloioed him to go, 
 nuUo qui per aetatem ire posset re- 
 tractante, Liv. j, 52 : freq. confused in 
 MSS. with detrecto: v. decline. H, 
 respuo, ui, j (to r. with disdain) : to 
 r. the terms, r. conditiones, Caes. B. G. 
 I, 42 : he kicks, he r.s, calcitrat, respuit, 
 Cic. Coel. 15, ib. Phr. : on saying that 
 he did not r., cum se non nolle dixisset, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 7;: tor. to hearken 
 to prayers, preces aversari, Liv. j, 12, 
 ad fin. : he r.'d flatly tvithout malnng 
 any exception, plane sine uUa exceptione 
 praecidit, Cic. Att 8, 4, ad fm. : to r. 
 any one the rites of buriiil, aliquem 
 sepultura prohibere, Auct. Her. 4, 24, 
 a ; she r.s tn strike the lyre, refugit 
 tendere baibiton, Hor. Od. i. i, ?4. 
 
 refuse (subs.) .• l. purgamentum : 
 a sewer, the receptacle of all Vie r. of the 
 city, cloaca, receptaculum omnium p. 
 nrbis, Liv. I, 56 : a cart in which the 
 garden r. is carried out, vehiculum quo 
 p. hortorum eripiuntur, Tac. A. 11, Jl: 
 a term of abuse, Curt. 6, 11, 2. 2. 
 pnrgaraen, Inis (same .is preced.) : Ov. 
 Past. 6, 71}. 3. ejectamentum : (what 
 it cast up) : the r. of the sea, e. maris, 
 660 
 
 Tac. G. 45. 4. rgcre.menturo (prop. 
 what is sifted out) ; the r. of lead, r. 
 plumbi, Cels. 6, 8, ad init. : Gell. 17. 11. 
 
 5. excrementum (same as^weced.); 
 the r. of wheat, e. tritici. Col. 8, 5, extr.: 
 of the body, Plin. 11, 26, ji. Q, re- 
 trimentum: the r. of lead, r. plumbi, 
 Cels. 5, 15 : of pressed olives, Varr. R. H. 
 I, 64. 7. qiiisquiliae : nsu. in fig. 
 sense: defined by Isid. Orig. 17, 6. as 
 purgamenta terrarum. 8. faex, cis, 
 
 /. : v. DKKGS. 
 
 refutation: 1. rgfutatio: the r. 
 
 of a charge, r. accusationis, Cic. Top. 25, 
 9? : the function of an advocate consists 
 wholly in r., pars defensoris tota est 
 posiUi in refutatione, Quint. 5, ij, 1 
 (q. v.). 2. confutatio ; r. is the act 
 of invalidating opposite positions, c. est 
 contrariorum locorum dissolutlo, Auct. 
 Her. I, J, 4. 3. reprehensio; corro- 
 boration and r., confirmatio et r., Cic. 
 Part. Or. 12, 44; Quint. 5, 7, 14. 4. 
 dissulutio (a reply) : a r. of the charges, 
 d. criminum, Cic. Clu. i, j. 5. re- 
 sponsio : a r. of one's own argument, 
 sibi ipsi r., Cic. de Or. j, 54, 207 : v. 
 REPLY. 6. revictio, Ps. Apul. Dogm. 
 Plat. p. ii,adfin. 7. expr. more Ireq. 
 by verbs: the ti-ustuorthiness of the 
 oracles admits either of proof or r., 
 oraculorum fides confirmari aut refelli 
 potest, Quint. 5, 7, j6 : v. foil. arts. 
 
 refutatory : rgfutatorius. Cod. Just. 
 7, 61, I, ad fin. 
 
 refute : 1. rgfeUo, felli, ^ (to shew 
 to be false): if that were false, why did 
 nut your son r. it f id si falsum fuerat 
 Alius cur non refellit.' Ter. Ph. 2, j, 54: 
 to r. an opponent, r. adversarium, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 72, 29! : to r. one's words, 
 r. dicta, Virg. Aen. 4, j8o. Join: re- 
 dargui r.que, Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5 : r. et 
 redarguere, id. Lig. 5, 16. 2. redarguo, 
 ui, J (to contradict, prove the opposite): 
 what has been assumed as probable must 
 be r.'d, redarguenda ea quae pro veri- 
 similibus sumpta sunt, Cic. Part. Or. I2, 
 44 : opp. to probari, id. de Or. 2, 72, 29} ; 
 Quint. 3. rgfiito, i (to disprove, repel 
 an allegation) : to r. ratlwr by deeds than 
 wwds, T. re magis quam verbis, Cic. 
 Manil. 17, 52: to r. the tribunes in a 
 fierce harangue, r. tribunos oratione 
 feroci, Liv. 2, 52, ad fin.: Virg. 4. 
 confiito, I (to put dotm by arguments, 
 silence): to r. the arguments of the 
 Stoics, c. Stoicorum argumenta, Cic. Div. 
 
 1, 5, 8: it is of no consequence to r. in 
 nords charges disproved by facts, cri- 
 mina revicta rebus verbis c. nihil attinet, 
 Liv. 6, 26, ad fin. 5. r6vinco, vici, 
 victura, j: v. disprove, and preced. art. 
 
 6. convinco, vici, victuin, } : to r. 
 crimes by proof s, c. peccata argumentis, 
 Cic. Part. Or. jj, 116. Join : redargui 
 et c, id. Tim. }, ad init. 7. dissolve, 
 solvi, soliitum, i (to break the force of 
 an accusation) : the points they cannot 
 »•., ea quae non possunt d., Cic. de Or. 
 
 2, 28, i;8: Quint. 8. diluo, ui, 
 iitum. J (prop, to nash away: to shoiv 
 the nothi7igness of an allegation): you 
 ought to r. these things and show them 
 to be false, ea diluas oportet et falsa esse 
 doceas, Cic. Coel. i;, J5 : to r. the abuse 
 of a critic, convicia repreljensoris d., id. 
 X. D. 2, 7, 20. 9. r^prehendo, di, 
 sum, ? (a t. t. in rhetoric) : it shous no 
 skill to r. irrelevant points, supervacua 
 r. nuUius est artis. Quint. 5, ij, 16; Cic. 
 
 10. amolior, 4 (a 1. 1. in rhetoric) : 
 Quint. 5, 15, II: v. RRBUT. U. mi- 
 nuo, ui, litura, } (to destroy, overthront) : 
 this opinion must be r.d, minuenda est 
 haec opinio, Cic Off. I, 22, 74. 
 
 refuter: 1. rgfutator: Am. 2. 
 confutator: Hier. 
 
 regain ; rgclpio, cepi, ceptum, J : v. 
 RECOVER. Phr.: to r. strength and 
 flesh, revocare vires et corpus, Cic. Fam. 
 7, 26, extr. : thai the charters might r. 
 their force, ut diplnmata revalescerent, 
 Tac. H. 2, 54 : to r. any one's favour, 
 redire in gratiam cum aliquo, Cic. Phil. 
 2, }o, 76. 
 
 repal : regaiis : v. roval. 
 
 regale: expr. by excipere, accipere 
 
 (v. entertain), with adv. or adv. phr.: 
 tie unit r. you on pearl barley, te polenta 
 excipiet. Sen. Ep. 21, 10: to r. sump- 
 tuously, apparatis epulis e., Tac. G. 21 ; 
 niagnificentissimo hospitio a. aliquem, 
 Cic. Div. 2, }"], 79 : to r. any </ne with 
 fisticuffs, hospitio pugneo a., PI. Amph. 
 I, I, 140: to r. oneself, v. feast: to 
 allow the soldiers to r. themselves, epulari 
 permittere militibus, Liv. 24, 16, ad Jin.: 
 II hen we had r.d ourselves m first-rats 
 style, cum epulati essemus Saliareni in 
 niodum, Cic. Att. 5, 9, ad init,: (lit., 
 likn ttie Salii). 
 
 regalia (P'.) •■ insignia regia: with 
 Illy, purple and sceptre and r., cum pur- 
 pura et sceptro et illis insignibus regiis, 
 Cic. Sest. 26, 57 : more indef , honorum 
 decora atque insignia, Flor, i, 26, 5. 
 N.B. — Insigne regium (Curt, i, }, 19) 
 or regis (Virg. Aen. 12, 289) denotes 
 some particular ensign of royalty, such 
 as a tiara or diadem. 
 
 regard ("•) •• I. To look at, ccm- 
 sider : 1. intueor, itus sum, 2 (both 
 lit. and fig. : constr. with ace, w ith or 
 without in) : to r. the sun steadfastly, 
 acriter oculis solem i., Cic. Tusc. i, jo, 
 7i: a meeting vhich now r.s you with 
 most bitter feelings, frequentia quae 
 nunc animo te inlestissimo i., id. Verr. 
 5, 55, 144; he r.'d rather that which it 
 was right for him to do, polius quid se 
 facere par esset intuebatur, Nep. Att 
 9. 7. 2, respicio, exi, ectum, j (to 
 have a care; be mindful of): to r. the 
 model which life offers, r. exemplar 
 vilae, Hor. A. P. J17 : tor. the v retched 
 husbandmen, r. miseros aratores, Cic. 
 Verr. j, 10, 26 : will you not even then r. 
 yourself? ne turn quidem terespicies? 
 id. Fin. 2, 24, 79. 3. specto, I (to keep 
 in view, esp. as an aim or end ; constr. 
 with ace., with or without ad) : in philo- 
 sophy it is facts which are r.'d, not 
 words which are weighed, in philnsophia 
 res spectatur non verba penduntur, Cic. 
 Or. 16, 51: we ought to r. the things 
 nhich actually exist in practice and 
 daily life, ad ea quae sunt in usu vita- 
 que communi s. debemus, id. Am. ;, 18. 
 4. respecto, i (rare: in Cic. it 
 means to expect) : if the Gods in any- 
 wise r. the good, si qua pios respectant 
 numina, Virg. Aen. i, 60;. 5. very 
 freq. expr. by ralionem habere, v. foil, 
 art. Phr.: tor. one's fears rather 
 than one's duty, consulere limori magis 
 quam religioni, Caes. B.C. i. 67: they 
 r. nothing but the soul, praeter animum 
 nihil curant, Cic. Fin. 4, 14, j6. ||. 
 To view in a certain light : 1. 
 habeo, 2 (to hold, account : constr. with 
 ace, abl. with pro, or yen. of value): 
 to r. the gods as eternal and happy, h. 
 deos aeternos et beatos, Cic. N. D. i, 
 17, 45: to r. anything as a certainty, 
 aliquid pro facto h., id Att. 13, 1 ■ 
 whose poller ions highly r.'d tn those 
 parts, cujus auctoritas in iis regionibus 
 magni babebatur, Caes. B. G. 4, 21 : he 
 r.'d those nho were brought back in the 
 light of eiiemie.1, reductos in numero 
 hostiuiii habuit, id. ib. i, 28: tor. any- 
 thing as a prodigy, aliquid prodigii loco 
 h., Tac. A. I J, 58: V. VIEW. 2. duco, 
 xi, ctuni, J (to consider, reckon) : inno- 
 cence began to be r.'d as malevolence, 
 innocentia pro malevolentia duci coepit. 
 Sail. Cat. 12: v. account. Phr.: if 
 they loished him to r. them as exculpated, 
 si sibi purgati esse vellent, Caes. B. G. 
 I, 28. III. To esteem, value : perh. 
 best expr. by verbs like facio, aesiimo, 
 habeo with a gen. or adv. of price or 
 degree : v. respect, esteem. |V. '^* 
 have reference to : specto, 1 . v. relate. 
 
 TeeB,vd (subs.) : I, Consideration: 
 1, ratio (almost always joined 10 
 habeo): to have r. to his own safety, 
 suae salutis r. habere. Caes. B. G. 7, 7 1 : 
 to have r. to his duty, habere r. ofBcii, 
 id. ib. 5, 27, ad fin. : we must have r. 
 not only to ourselves but to others, non 
 sua solum sed etiam aliorura haltenda 
 est r., Cic. Off. i, ^9, 1J9. 2. respectus, 
 lis: party spirit and r. for private in- 
 terests, factio r.qne rerum privatarum.
 
 REGARDLESS 
 
 REtJ R ET 
 
 R EG C L AR 
 
 Liv. 2, JO, ad init. : to have some r.fvr 
 his friendship, aliquem r. amiciliae ha- 
 bere, id. 42, 57 : to luxvf. r. to the seriate, 
 r. ad senatuni habere-, Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49. 
 
 3. cura (atterUivn, solicilude) : ym 
 who hwl a r. for m v welfare v-ill also 
 have a r. for my standing, tibi erit 
 eidem, cni .salus mea fuit, etiam diKnltas 
 curae, Cic. Fam. i. 9, 22: v. cabk. 4. 
 pudor, oris (a sense of shame ; respect 
 for) : a r. for one's reputation, p. famae, 
 Cic. Prov. Cons. 6. 14: r.for myfathir, 
 patris p., Ter. Andr. i. 5, 2^. Phr. ; 
 to pay no r. to anything, nihil pensi 
 habere, Quint. 11, i, 29 Tac : to show 
 $uJlicieritr.for tht ti>s of kindre>l. pro 
 piefale satisfacere, Caes. B. <;. 5, 27, 
 ad fin. II. Esteem: hfjnor: v. respect. 
 
 III. Reference: ratio: v kkkkrr.nce. 
 regardless : negUgens, incuriSsus : 
 
 V. lIKKni.ESS. 
 
 regardlessly : negllgenter, incuri- 
 OSe : V. 11KKDLE.SSLY. 
 
 regatta: *r('miRandi cerlamen, to 
 take part in a r., peih. inire certamen 
 remis, after Virg. Aen. 5, 114. 
 
 regency : procuratio regni, Caes. 
 B. C. }, 108 : a council of r., during the 
 king's minority, amici regis qui propter 
 aetatem ejus iB curatione erant regni, 
 id. ib. }, 104 : meantime a boy sat on 
 the tltrone under the r. nf a woman, 
 tantisper tulela muliebri regnum puero 
 gtetit, Liv. I, }, ad xnit. 
 
 regenerate (part, and adj.): v. 
 foil. art. 
 
 regenerate (»•)■• regfingro, Eccl. : 
 to be r., renasci, denuo nasci, Vulg. 
 Joan. iii. j, 7. 
 
 regeneration: rggSneraiio, Vulg. 
 
 Matt. xix. 23 : the larer of r., lavacrum 
 regi'nerationis. Auk. C. I). 22, 8, 5. 
 
 regent : procurator recni, Caes. B. C. 
 J, 112. ad fin. : f. -trix. Cic. : as it were 
 r. of the comnum Health, qua.«i tutor ac 
 procurator reipublicae, Cic. Rep. 2, 29 : 
 the king had left the Roman people r. 
 for his son, re.\ tutorem (guardian) 
 populnm Romanum filio reliquisset, 
 Val. Max. 6, 6, i : to govern the king- 
 dom of a minor under the title of r., 
 tutorio nomine regnum pnpilli adml- 
 nistrare. Just, jo, 3. 
 
 regicide: I. ^'i* murderer of a 
 king . expr. by regis occisor, PI. Mil. 4, 
 2. 6; ; interfeclor, Liv. 24, 7; percussor. 
 .Inst. 9. 7. The murderers of Caesar 
 were called parricidae, Cic. Phil. 2, IJ, 
 }l. II. The murdrr of a kill g : caedes 
 regis, Cic. Rep. 2, 25 : v. ttkansicide. 
 
 repimen : victus, us v. diet, living. 
 
 regiment : expf- 'T 'f'gi". which is 
 preferable to *chilias (\iAia?), a term 
 employed by some niodpru writers : if 
 of cavalry, * turnia. si:liola equitum 
 (Kr.): the band of a r., perh. *milites 
 sympboniaci ( ? R" and A.) : v. also Liv. 
 9, 41, ad f}). 
 
 regimental : perh. legionarius. 
 
 regimentals Cp') •• omatus vesti- 
 
 ttisqup niilitaris, Nep. D.it. 9. J : statues 
 of men i« r., statuae ornatu militari, 
 Cic. Off. I, 18, 61. 
 
 region : i. rSgio : uninhabitable 
 r.s, r. inhabitabiles, Cic. N. D. i, 10, 24: 
 the r. of the ribs, costarum r., Cels. 4, i : 
 the r.s of the We.H. vespertina r., Hor. .S. 
 1,4, }o: boundless r.s that have no shore, 
 no limit, inflnitae r. quariim nulla est ora, 
 nulla extreniitas, Cic. Kin. 2, ji, 102 
 / began to survey the rjs round about, 
 coepl r. circumcirca prosplcere. Serv. in 
 id. Kam. 4, <;, 4. 2. tractus, iis 
 
 (district) : that most famous r. of Vena- 
 frum, i. ille celeberrimus V^enafranus, 
 Cic. Plane. 9, 22 : the xeild olive grotiing 
 in the sanu- r., tractu surgens oleaster 
 eodem, Virg. G. 2, 182 : the r. of the sky 
 being infected, corrupto coeli tractu, id. 
 Aen. J, U8. 3. ord (shore, mar ffin) : 
 in whatever r. and part of the world, 
 quacunque in ora ac parte terrarum, 
 Cic. N. 1). 2, 6ft, 164 : 171 the remotest r.s 
 of Asia, extremis Asiae in oris, Virg. G. 
 2. 171 : the r.s of light, luminls orae, id. 
 A'li. 7, 660 (opp. to Acherunlis, Lucr.): 
 Uie cold rJ, gelida o., Hor. Od. 1, 26, 4. 
 
 4, pan, tis, /. (In sing, only as a 
 
 med. t. t.) : the lower r. of the lii>er, 
 inferior (Jecinoris) p., Cels. 4, 1 : r.t 
 of the ttniverse, p. miind), Cic. N. D. i, 
 10, 24 : the r.s of the East, Oricntis p., 
 id. Mur. 41, 8.). in the farthest r.s of the 
 unknown vorld, in extremis ignuti par- 
 tibus orbis. Ov. Tr. j, j, 5. 5. plaga 
 (poet.) the elherial r.s, aftheria p., 
 Virg. Aen. i, J94 : the r.s (I. e. zones) 
 are marked on the globe, p. tellure pre- 
 inuntur,Ov. M. i, 48. 6. arvum(prop. 
 arable land; poet.): in what a r. we 
 j lie I quali jaceamus In arvo, Ov. Pont. 4, 
 7, J : the r.s that border the Tiber, viclna 
 Ihybridis a., Virg. Aen. j, 500. 7. 
 Olteii expr. by a n. pi. : the lofty r.s of 
 the Mps. ardua Alpiiim, Tac. H. 4, 70: 
 the mountain r.s of cilicia, montuo.sa 
 Ciliclae, Plin. 11, 5?. 116. Phr.: to re- 
 main in the r.s of Mesopotamia, circa 
 Mesopotamiam subsistere. Curt. 4. 9. i : 
 the infernal r.s, sedes scelerata, Ov. JL 
 4, 456 : to suffer punishment in the 
 infernal r.s, ad inferos poenas luere, 
 Cic. Phil. 14, 12, n (opp. to superos). 
 
 register : I. a list, rea/rd : 1. 
 tabulae ( pi. ; tablets) .- ar.draim up in 
 Greek characters, t. Graecis Uteris con- 
 feclae, Caes. B. G. I, 29: the r. of the 
 censors, censorlae t., Cic. Agr. i, 2, 4. 
 2. album (a uhite tablet) : to enter 
 in a r., in a. efferre, Cic. de Or. 2. 12,52: 
 to strilx out of the r. of senators, a. sena- 
 torio eradere, Tac. A. 4, 42, extr. 3. 
 ratio give me the r. of the prison, cede 
 r. carceris, Cic. Verr. 5, 57, '47 : to make 
 a r. of names, r. nominatim conficere, 
 Caes. B. G. I. 29 : the r. of deaths, perh. 
 r. Libitinae, Suet. Ner. it).ad init. 4. 
 liber, bri (a book ; u>u. in p!.) : a r. of 
 letters received and sent, liliri literarum 
 allatarum. missarum.Cic. Verr. j, 71, 167. 
 
 5. rfgestum(only inpO' the r. of the 
 scribe.", r. scribarum. Vopisc. Prob. 2, i. 
 
 6. syllabus: (Ae r.« o/"<im«, syllabi 
 temponim. Aug. Conf. 1 1, 15. 7. cata- 
 16gus: V. CATALOGUE. Phr.: thepublic 
 r. of land does not amount to more than 
 50,000 jugers, jugerum subscriptio ac 
 professio non plus est sxx. millium, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 47, extr. ; to make an al- 
 phabetical r. of the names of childless 
 old nil n, digerere in llteram senes orbos. 
 Sen. Kp. 68, 10: a r. of judvial sen- 
 tences, pericula magistratuum, Cic. Verr. 
 ?, 79. 18 J. II, Musical t. t. : the r. of 
 the voice, *vocis, soni genns, varietas, 
 discriniPD (Kr.) : to ascertain the r. of 
 the voice, perh. altitiuiinem vr)cls emetirl, 
 after Gell. 16. 18 ■ the r. if an hydraulic 
 organ, pleuritis, ido>, Vitr. 10, 8 (IJ), } 
 (ul. plinthis). 
 
 register (^0 •• 1. perscribo, psi, 
 ptum, J: he took care to have these r.'d 
 in the public archives, perscribenda in 
 tabulas pubUcas curavit, Cic. Verr. i, 21, 
 57 : since the decree of the seriate is not 
 yet r.'d, quoniam nonduni perscriptum 
 est senatus consultum, id. Cat. j. 6, ij. 
 2. consiguo, I : a record r.'d in the 
 public documents, publicis Uteris con- 
 signata memoria, Cic. l^eg. }, 20, 46: to 
 r. estates, perh. c. fundos, Brutus in Cic. 
 de Or. 2, s5, 224. Fig.: idtas innate 
 and as it tvtre r.'d, innatae et quasi con- 
 signataenotiones, id. Tusc 1,24,57. 3. 
 persigrio, i (to make an invefntcry : rare) : 
 to r. the offerings, dona p., Liv. 25. 7. 
 4. More freq. expr. by in tabulas, 
 album, referre, efferre : v. enter. Phr.: 
 this property is not yet publicly r.'d, 
 haec bona in tabulas publicas nondum 
 redierunt, Cic. Rose. Am. 44, 128. 
 
 registrar : 1. tabuiririus. Sen. 
 
 Ep. 88, 10: l>ig. 2. lommeiitariensi.s, 
 Paul. Dig. 49, 14, 45. 3. Kxpr. in 
 
 Inscr. by ab actis, a commeiitariis. 4. 
 actuarius v. clerk. 
 
 registr: tion : perh. perscriptlo 
 (entry m vriting, Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 11): 
 but better by a verb. 
 
 registry : tabtilaria : Cod. Justin. 7, 
 9, f (tabularium : Cic. : Liv. = arcAiue.?). 
 
 regnant : regnans, nils : V. BEIGNIKG, 
 
 REIGN. 
 
 regret (■■^nbs.). 1. desidfrium (a 
 longing: esp. for what is lost ■ the lorm 
 desideralio occurs in Cic Sen. 14, 47) : r. 
 
 for one's own relations is natural, D*> 
 turale d. guorum est. Sen. Cons, ad Marc 
 7, I : the rj of tfie whole of Italy, d. 
 totius Italiae. id. ib. j, i : r.for to dear 
 a persi/n, d. tam carl capitis, Hor. Od. 
 
 1, 24, I : he has left us mournful r.f</r 
 hi.^ uifdom, prudentiae suae triste nobis 
 d. nliquli, Cic. Brut, i, 2. 2. more 
 indef. dOlur: v. soebow. Join: de»i- 
 derium ac d., Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 4. 3. 
 poenltentia: v. bepentasck. 
 
 regret ('■•)•• I. To feel the uavl 
 of: 1. Sometimes rSquiro, quisivl, or 
 sii, quisitum, j (to mus): they r. their 
 lost comrades in their talk, amissos isOcio< 
 sermone requirunl, Virg. Aen. 1,217: or 
 by dC-Mdero, i (to feel the lost of : rare); 
 V. Miss. 2. More commonly expr. by 
 a phr. with dtsid6rium : to r. the lots of 
 Scipio, Sclpionis deslderio moveri, Cic. 
 Am. }, I o : tor. the loss of tlieir strength, 
 desiderlo virium leneri, id. Sen. 10, iJ: 
 to r., esse In desiderio, id. Fam. i, 
 12, }. Phr.: / never taw anything 
 better; and therefore J r. Aim, nihil vidi 
 melius ; itaque careo aegre. id. AtL 7, 2, 
 ad tnit. ||. To be torry for: \, 
 d6leo, 2 (to grieve) : I r. that you art 
 not dtlighted at your (mii jirofperity, 
 doleo te non tuis bonis delectari, Cic 
 
 Fam. 4, J, I : V GRIEVE. 2. piget, 
 
 2. inipers. (constr. with ace. of Eiig. sub- 
 ject and gen. of object or inf. mood) ; / 
 r. the deprarity of thr state, me p. civi- 
 tatis monun, S^ll. Cat. 4: J r. to have to 
 relate, (me) p. referre, Liv. 9. 18 mat 
 
 3. poenltet, 2, impers. (°anie constr.) : 
 V. TO repent. 
 
 regular (adj.): \. Arranged, or 
 coming in order: ]. orditiarius 
 
 (coming in the usual order) : the r. con- 
 suls, o. consules, Liv. 41, 18, ad fin. : a 
 r. consulship, o. consulatus. Suet. Galb. 
 6 : vines standing in r. order, o. vites, 
 CoL J, 16. 2. ordinatus (prop, apart., 
 like the two ne.\t words): to perform 
 their r. courses, cursus o. detinire, Qc. 
 N. D. 2, 40, loi : a nwre r. life, vlia or- 
 dinatior, Sen. Ep. 74. 25 : a sedate amd 
 r. man, compositus o.que vir. Id. VlU 
 Beat. 8, J. 3. compfisilus: in r. 
 
 array, composito agmine, Tac. A. 11, 
 16 : in r. conformity u-ith rule and 
 principle, ad legem ac regulam c. Quint 
 12, 10,50. 4. dispfisitus: the r. lives 
 of nun. pl'-ase me, \it& hominum d. me 
 delectat, Plin. Ep. j, 1. ad init. 5. 
 rectus: a quincunx tvhich is r. on what- 
 ever side you view it. quincunx qui 
 quamcunque in partem sp'Ctaveris r. 
 est. Quint. 8. 5,9. 6. canOnicus (very 
 rare) : eclipses of the sun at r. intervals, 
 c. defectiones soils, Aug. CD. }. 15: 
 Vitr. Phr.: a r. arrangenient, dls- 
 p<isitio. (Die. Inv. I, 7, 9: at r. intervals, 
 paribus inlervallis, (ie.s. B. G. 7, 2j : 
 trees planted in r. order, arbores in or- 
 dinem satae, Varr. R R. i, 7, ad init. ; 
 to digress from the r. order of events, ab 
 rerum ordine declinare, Liv. 9, 17, ini(. 
 II. .<ymmttrii.al, uith a due ar- 
 rangement of jKiits ; no exact equiv. 
 either for the adj. or adp. : synimetros 
 (ffv/xjuerpos) occurs once in Vitr. i. 2, 4 : 
 perh. bene figur.itus (iCfU sluiped), id. }, 
 I, I cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 12. J4: «"" shaped 
 and r. in his other limt'S, ceteris mem- 
 bris aequalis et congTUtns, .Suet.Tlb. 68: 
 notched and more r. lea res. folia angu- 
 losa et concinniora. I'lin. 16. ?4. 62, ( 
 '48- III. <'onstant,deta-minate : 1. 
 certus: ar. guest, c. conviva, Hor. Ep. 
 
 1. 7. 75 : seasons passing by with r. 
 jnovemenl, decedentia c. tempora mo- 
 mentls, id. ib. I, 6, j: Uj employ a r. 
 form of oath, in c. verba jurare. Cic. Inv. 
 
 2, 45, IJ2. 2. consians. mis: the r. 
 and determinate motions of the start, 
 niotus stellarum constantes el rati, Cic. 
 N. 1). 2, 20, 51 ; 2, 21, 54 : a r. speech, c 
 oratio. Id. Off. I, 4°. '44- 3. stilus 
 (fixed): the r. bloinng of the winds, 
 stall ventorum flatus, S.n. Ben. 4, 28. I : 
 the spring increases and diminishes by a 
 r. increase and diminution, fens B. auc- 
 tibus ac dimlnutionibus crescit decres- 
 citque, I'lin. Ep. 4, lo, ad init. 4. 
 aeniiabnis (equable) : a certain constant 
 
 661
 
 REGULAR 
 
 REHEARS A L 
 
 REIGN 
 
 and r. Tn/rvement, motus quidani certus 
 et a., Cic. N. D. 2, 9. 2 ; : temperate and 
 r. hehaxtioiii; moderatl a.que habitus, id. 
 Fin. 5, 12, j6: r. in all the duties of 
 Ufe, cunciis vitae opficiis a.. Tac. H. 4, 
 5: V. UNirORM. Phr. : the r. course of 
 life, tenor vitae, Ov. H. 17, 14 : to keep 
 the r. order of battle, tenorem pugnae 
 servare, Li v. jo, 18, ad fin. |V. -^c- 
 Cording to usage, formal, complete : 
 1. Justus : a r. war, j. helium, Cic. 
 Cat. 2, I, I : r. soldiers,}, arroa, \Av. j8, 
 22 : ar. inarch, j. iter, Caes. B. C. i, 2; : 
 « stature which exceeded the r. height, 
 statura quae justam excederet. Suet. Tib. 
 68. 2. rectus; the fashinn of r. 
 
 formal dinners, reciarum coenarum con- 
 Buetudo, Suet. Dom. 7, ad init. Join: 
 r. ac Justus, Liv. J5, 4, extr. 3. le- 
 iritimus (right : sanctioned by some 
 law) : a r. poem, 1. poema, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 2, 109 ; tlM r., ordinary boxers, 1. et 
 ordinarli pugiles. Suet. Aug. 4; : or. 
 irirth, \. partus, Plin. 8, 4?, 68. 4. 
 BoUennis (wonted, usual) : the r. number 
 of ivitnesses, a. numerus lestium, Ulp. 
 Dig. 28, I, 21 : the r. employment of 
 Romans, Romanis s. viris opus, Hor. Ep. 
 
 1, 18, 49: to resume their r. avocations, 
 soUennia repetere, Tac A. }, 6 : v. cus- 
 tomary. 5. formatis (rare) : to value 
 at a r. price, f. pretio aestimare, Ulp. 
 Dig. ; V 2, 62 : v. formal, set. Phr.: 
 r. troops, perh. legionarii militcs, after 
 Caes. B. G. i, 42 . a r. noun, noinen re- 
 gulam servans, Prise. 707 p. : a r. ora- 
 tion, oratio apta et numerosa, Cic. Or. 52, 
 174: a r. doctor, perh. *medicus rite ac 
 legibus constitutus. 
 
 regular C^ubs.) : 'regularis (sacer- 
 dos) : V. MONK. 
 
 regularly: I. in due order-. 1, 
 ordine {ahl. of ordo) : if this seems to be 
 duly and r. done, si hoc recte atque o. 
 factum videtur, Cic. Quint. 7, 28. 2. 
 ordinatim : a mantelet r. constructed, 
 musculiis o. structus, Caes. B. C. 2, 10. 
 3. ordinate: to arrange r, o. dis- 
 ponere, Auct. Her. 4, 56, ad fin. : v. 
 
 MF.THODICALLT. 4. COmpSsitg : to 
 
 walk r., c. ambulare. Col. 6, 2 (of oxen) : 
 to speak v., c. dicere. Cic. Or. 71, 2}6 : to 
 can-y on everything r. rather than 
 hastily, compositius cuncta quam festi- 
 nantius agere, Tac. A. 15, j. 5. d's- 
 posite : to accuse r., d. accusare, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 40, 87 : to build very r., dispo- 
 sitissime aedificare, Sid. Ep. ;, 11. 
 Phr.: in all things which are r. and 
 systematically taught, in omnibus quae 
 ratione docentur et via, Cic. Or. jj, 116. 
 II. .'Systematically : v. regular 
 (adj.) (11.). III. Constantly : 1. 
 constanter : to perform their yearly re- 
 volutions 'most r., constantissime conficere 
 vicissitiidines anniversarias, Cic. N. D. 
 
 2, J8. 97. 2. aequabillter : v. vsi- 
 FORMLY. P h r. : <o be r. faithful, uno 
 tenore fidem colere, Liv. 22, ?7, ad fin. : 
 a curtain r. and gently draton up, aulaea 
 placido educta tenore, Ov. M. i, ii? : a 
 pipe nhose rows of reeds decrease r., 
 fistula cui semper decrescit arundinis 
 ordo, Tib. 2, 5, ji. JV. formally: 
 
 1. recte, juste: v. duly, rightly. 
 
 2. legitime: to ??Kirr!/r., l.nuhere, 
 Juv. 10, 3j8: Cic. 3. sollenniter: 
 everything done r., s. acta omnia, Ulp. 
 Dig. 45. 1. JO. 4. regQlariter : id. ib. 
 '5. J. i,i 2. 5. regulatim: Veg. Vet. 
 2, 41, ad fin. Phr.: to use a word r., 
 secundum" grammaticam legem dicere 
 (^aliquid), Gell. ij, 20, ad fin. 
 
 regularity: I. Orderly arrange- 
 ment: 1. ordo, inis.m. (due arrange- 
 ment; cf. Cic. Oif. 1,40): to reduce from 
 disorder to r., ex inordinato in ordinem 
 adducere, Cic. Tim. j . the r. and me- 
 thodical arrangement of all things which 
 are done, o. et modus omnium quae 
 fiunt, id. Off. I, 5, 14: the disturbance 
 of method and r., perturbatio rationis 
 atque o., id. Par. ;, ad fin. 2. mOde- 
 ratio : the r. of rhythrn and scansion, m. 
 numerorum et pedum, Cic. de Or. i, 60, 
 254' 3. symmetria (avht-y-trpCa, for 
 which ace. to Plin. ;4, 8, 19, $ 65, there 
 exists no Latin equiv.) : without r. and 
 662 
 
 proportion, sine s. et proportione, Vitr. 
 }, I, I : in the same pass. (q. v.) he uses 
 commodulatio: v. symmetry, PRorOB- 
 TION. Phr.: harmony and r., congru- 
 entia aequalitasque, Plin. Ep. 2, 5, ad 
 fin. : shapeliness and r. of Um,b, com- 
 moditas aequitasque membrorum. Suet. 
 Aug. 79, ad fin. : a polished r. ofperioiis, 
 ornata sententiarum concinnitas, Cic. 
 Brut. 95, 525. II, Evenness, unbroken 
 succession : 1. constantia : the mar- 
 vellous r. (of the heavenly bodies) ivhich 
 surpasses belief, admirabilis incredi- 
 bilisque c, Cic. N. D. 2. 21, 55: to pre- 
 serve r. and order in one's actions, con- 
 servare c, ordinem, in factis, id. Off. i, 4, 
 14- 2. aequabilitas: v. uniformity. 
 
 regulate : I. To set in order, 
 
 adjust : 1. ordino, i : when all 
 
 things were being r.d, appointed and 
 prepared, cum omnia ordinarentur, in- 
 stituerentnr, paiarentur, Cic. SuU. 19, 
 5? : Ae ccnrected and r.d a most disor- 
 derly custom, confusissimum morem cor- 
 rexit ordinavitque, .Suet. Aug. 44, init.: 
 the Gods have so r.d the fates, ita dii 
 fata ordinaverunt. Curt. 4, 14, 20. 2. 
 compono, p6sui, positum, i : / had so 
 rd my journeys as to be at Puteoli on 
 the Nones, ego itinera sic composueram 
 ut Nonis Puteolis essem, Cic. Att. 15, 
 26 : the works of the water-clocks are 
 thus rd, ita componuntur horologiorum 
 collocationes, Vitr. 9, 8 (9), 6 : v. ar- 
 range. 3. dispenso, i (to r. the quan- 
 tity) : to r. and trim the wick of a 
 candle, d. et temp-rare filum candelae, 
 Juv. 5, 287 : the sisters who r. the s/yin 
 of human life, quae dispensaut mortalia 
 fila sorores, Ov. H. 12, J : ill r.d liberty, 
 male dispensata libertas. Sen. Ben. i, 10, 
 2. J o i n : d. et componere, Cic. de Or. 
 I, JI, 1 42. 4. tempgro, i; the nater 
 is so r.d that it fills it, but does not over- 
 flow, ita t«mperatur aqua ut impleat 
 nee redundet, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, j6: the 
 nater r.s its own flow, aqua se temperat 
 ad rationem, Vitr. 9, 8, 10 : to r. the 
 market prices, annonam macelli tem- 
 perare. Suet. Tib. J4. 5. modgro, i : 
 the causes by which the speech is entirely 
 r.d, causae quibus totis moderatur ora- 
 tio, Cic. Or. 16, ;i : Dig. Phr.: tor. 
 one's life according to a fixed principle, 
 VI tarn ad certam normam dirigere, Cic. 
 Mur. 2, ; : ad regulam quandara e.xae- 
 qiiare. Sen. Ep. 20, } : we must so r. our 
 actions that. . ., talis est ordo actionum 
 adhibendus ut. . . ., Cic. Off. i, 40, 144: 
 to r. oneself by anybody's will, se ad 
 arbitrium alicnjus fiugere et accommo- 
 dare, id. Or. 8, 24 ; formare et fingere, 
 id. de Or. j, 45, 177 to r. one's trans- 
 actions by the times, commetiri cum 
 tempore negotium, id. Inv. i, j6. J9; 
 nature so r.ing it, ita modulante natura, 
 Plin. 2. 54, 55. II. To govern , 7nanage : 
 administro, i : v. manage, rule. 
 
 regulation : |. The act of ar- 
 ranging : 1, ordinatio : the r. of our 
 mode of life, o. vitae nostrae, Plin. Kp. 
 9. 28 : the r. of the comitia, o. comitiorum. 
 Veil. 2, 124, ?. 2. instltruio : the r. 
 of matters, i. rerum. Cic. N. D. 2, ij, !5 : 
 V. arrangement. 3. administratio : 
 the care and r. of things, curatio et a. 
 rerum, Cic. N. D. i, 12 : the r. of water, 
 a. aquae, Vitr. 9, 8 (9), 12 : v. manage- 
 ment. II, Rule : praeceptum : v. rule. 
 
 regulator : I "ne who regulates • 
 ordiniitor: the r. of a dispute, o. litis, 
 Sen. Ep. 109, 14 : /. -trix, Aug. : more 
 freq. expr. by a verb. ||, A part of 
 a machine which regulates its motions: 
 perh. *machinatio ad temperandum, cf. 
 Vitr. g. 8 (9), 6. 
 
 rehabilitate : »« a l^g- '• <• restltuo, 
 ui. utum, ? (to restwe: constr. with ace. 
 after in, or absol). Transf. : to r. a 
 man's character, laudem alicujus ab 
 infamia vindicare, after Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 
 7 ; infamiara alicujus sarcire : Caes. 
 B. C. ?, n^ 
 
 rehearsal: j. Recital: narratio: 
 V. narrative. II, Previous practice: 
 no exact equiv.: the nearest is proliisio 
 (a preliminary exercise) ; Cic. de Or. 2, 
 80, J25 : or, in a looser sense, exercitatio, 
 
 Quint. 10, 7, 8 : v. prei-abation, and 
 foil. art. Phr.: the fury of the Marian 
 faction gave as it were a r. in the city, 
 Mariana rabies intra nrbem praeluserat 
 quasi si experiretur, Flor. 4, 2, 2. 
 
 rehearse : I. To relate .- narro, I : 
 v. narrate, repeat. II. To practise 
 beforehand: praemeditor, i (constr. with 
 ijif, rel. clause, or abs.) : trying the lyre, 
 and r.ing his part, tentans citharam et 
 praemeditans. Pac. A. 14, 15. (N.B. — 
 proiado and praeludo denote ratlier to 
 prelude.) Phr. . tor. a play, *meditari, 
 Instruere fabulam priusquam in scena 
 doceatur (Kr.) : to r. a concert, 'con- 
 centum meditari, exercere (Kr.) 
 
 reign (subs.) : \, regnum (sove- 
 
 reignty, royal power) : the preceding r. 
 had not t>e':n very prospercnis in one 
 respect, proximum r. ab una parte baud 
 satis prosperum fuerat, l^\v. i, j2: the 
 beginning of the r. of Superbus, initium 
 regni Superbi, Cic. Rep. 2, i;. 2. 
 imperium {supreme power: esp. of an 
 emperor) : in the seventh month of his 
 r., imperii mense septimo, Suet. Galb. 
 2j: at the outset of his r., in initio 
 imperii, id. Dom. 20. 3, principatus. 
 us (the supremacy of the chief man in 
 the state) : Nero, throughout his r. the 
 enemy of mankind, Nero, toto p. suo 
 hostis generis bumani, Plin. 7, 8, 6 : at 
 the beginning of his r., ad, inter, initia 
 principatus, Saet. Tib. 7; id. Dom. j. 
 4. dSminatio : v. rule. 5, The 
 best authors avoid the preced. words 
 when duration or date of time is spoken 
 of, and employ phr. : in the fourth year 
 of the r. of Tarquin, quartum jam an 
 num regnante I'arquinio, Cic. Rep. 2, 15: 
 in the iZth year of his r., duodequad- 
 ragesimo anno ex quo regnare coeperat, 
 Liv. I, 40, init. : in the r. of Ancus, 
 Anco regnante, id. i, J4 : Ae is now 
 in the 2ird year of his r., jam tertium 
 et vicesiraum annum regnat, Cic. Manil. 
 J, 7 ; of an emperor : in the r. of Tibe- 
 rius, Tiberio imperitante, Tac. A. 15, 44. 
 Phr.: " the r. of terror,' ' *d. atrocis- 
 sinia (Kr.): or perh. better " tempora 
 ilia saevitiae," Juv. 4, 150. 
 
 reign (v.): 1. regno, I (applied 
 prop, to kings, and hence often with the 
 notion of tyranny ; constr. poet, with 
 gen.) : when he had r.'d J7 years, 
 cum septem et triginta regnavisset 
 annos, Cic. Rep. 2, 10 : to r. at Amyclae, 
 r. Amyclis, Virg. Aen. 10, 564 : to r. 
 over Greek toivns, Graias r. per urbes, 
 id. ib. }, 295 : strangers have r.'d over 
 us, advenae in iios regnaverunt, Tac. A. 
 
 11, 24: Omphis r.'d over that district, 
 regnabat in ea regione Omphis, Curt. 8, 
 
 12, 4: he began to r., r. occepit, Liv. i. 49: 
 (Daun us) r. 'd over rustic tribes, agrestium 
 regnavit populorum, Hor. Od. j. jo, 11 
 (rare poet, constr.) : a land over which 
 my parent r.s, teUus regnata parent!, Ov. 
 H. 10, 69. K i g. : / live and r., vivo et r., 
 Hor. Ep. I, 10, 8 : the fire r.s victorious 
 among the boughs, ignis victor per ramos 
 regnat, Virg. G. 2, J07 : money r.s su- 
 preme, sola peciinia regnat, poet. Petr. 
 14. I. 2, impero, i (prop, but not 
 always, of an emperor) : he r.'d three 
 years, imperavit triennio, Suet. Cal. 59 : 
 to r. over all Numidia, omni Nnmidiae 
 i.. Sail. Jug. I !. Fig.: the passions r., 
 animus imperat, Hor. Ep. i, 2, 6j. 3. 
 imperlto, i (same as preced.) : ten men 
 r.'d, decem imperitabant, Liv. i, 17: 
 Tac. 4 dOmiiior, i (to be supreme, 
 to domineer) : he shall r. over conquered 
 Argos, victis domiuabitur Argis, Virg. 
 Aen 1.28;: to r. over one's enemies, d. 
 in adversaries, Liv. j. 5;. Fig.: the 
 plague r.s in the great city, pestis mag- 
 nae dominatur in moenibug urbis, Ov. 
 M. 7, 5? J: chance r.s over ivefy thing, 
 fortuna in omni re dominatur. Sail. Cat. 
 8. ad init. : where lust r.s there is slight 
 protection for innocence, ubi libido do- 
 minatur Innocentiae leve praesidium 
 est, Crassus in Cic. Or. 6;, J 19: v. bulf- 
 Phr.: (i) Lit: to r., summae rerum 
 praeesse, Liv. i, 17 : regna, sceptra 
 tenere, Lucr. 5, 11 26; Virg. Aen. i, J7: 
 of an emperor, purpuram sumere, Eutr.
 
 REIGNING 
 
 li K J ECT 
 
 REJOICE 
 
 9, 21 : A« r.'d alone, solus regnum ob- 
 tinuit. Sail. Jug. 5. ad fin. : they who 
 have r.d, ii qui doniinatum Iniperio 
 tenuerunt, Nep. de l^•g. i,2: the i/ vim 
 r.'d after his death, ii qui post obiinra 
 ejus imppria c»"periiiit, iil. ib. }, I : (lallia 
 r.ivg shnrili/ a/tn-. 'ialha tiiox r(>iiipnb- 
 licam t«'iietire, Suet. Tit. ^ . foui kinys 
 r.'d oi<e.r these districts, quibus ngioui- 
 bus quatunr praerrant reges, Caes. B. >i. 
 $,11. he lieyivji to r. over the country, 
 sceptra loci capit, Ov. M. 6, (>•]•] : to r. 
 orer the lands. t'Tias ditione leiiere, 
 Virg. Aen. 1, 216: a nation r.iny far 
 and in'de, populum laie regeni, Id. ib. i, 
 21. (11) Kig. : 11 hen the solemn still- 
 ness of night r.s all around, severa 
 silcntia iioctis undlque rum constant, 
 Lucr. 4, 458 tlie indifTerence to the 
 i;ods I'hich no'i- r.«. negligentla deflm 
 quae nunc tenet seculum, I.,iv. j, 2o: v. 
 
 l'RHr\-AIL. 
 
 reigning (part, and adj.) : the r. 
 faiiulji, dniims regiiatrix, Tac. A. i, 4: 
 v. preced. art. 
 
 reimburse : rgpendo, di, sum, j • v. 
 
 BEPAT. 
 
 reimbursement : expr. by vb. ; v. 
 
 BEPAYMKNT. 
 
 rein (subs.) -. l, bahena (the usu. 
 word, both lit. and fig.) : to take the r.s, 
 manibus datas contiiigere h., Ov. M. 2, 
 151 : to manage the r.s, nianilius moliri 
 h., Virg. Aen. 1 7, 527 : to turn the r.s. 
 b. deiorqueie, id. ib. 11, 765 ; flectere, 
 Ov. M. 2, 169: to shotien the r.s, colli- 
 gere h., Virg. Aen. 11, 670: to tighten 
 the r.s, li. preniere, id. ib. i, 6? ; sup- 
 primere, Ov. M. 6, 709: to pull in the 
 r.s .•)/" o horse, equum babenis com- 
 pescere, Tib. i, 4, 11: to slacken the 
 r.s, laxas dare, Virg. Aen. i, 61 : the 
 horse feels the r.s slack, conc€s>as sensit 
 equus babenas, Ov. Am. ?, 4, 15: to 
 shake the r.s, exciitere h., id. M. ;, 404: 
 togivether.s, imniittereh (alicui), Virg. 
 Aen. 6, i: to give full r. to, manibus 
 omnes eftundere h., Id. ib. 5, 818 ; 
 effusas permlttere h., Tib. 4, i, 92: to 
 struggle again.^t a tight r., pressis pug- 
 nare h., V^irg. Aen. 11, 600: nor do the 
 horses obey the r., neque audit currus h., 
 id. G. I, exlr. Fig. r to take the r.s, 
 accipere h., C'ic. Rep. 1,5: to assume the 
 r.s nf power, subire habenas, Stat. Silv. 4, 
 i, I JO; to take the r.s of a nation, acci- 
 pere h. populi, Ov. M. 15, 481 : to re- 
 ' linquish thf r.s of government, rerum 
 relinquern h., Virg. Aen. 7,600: vhom 
 the people had entrusted with the poner 
 of ruling them and, as it uere, the r.s, 
 cui populus regendi sui potestatem quasi 
 qnasdam h. tradiitis.=et, Cic. de Or. i. 52, 
 226 to hold the r.s of friendship as loose 
 as possible, h. quain laxissinias habere 
 amiciiiae, id. Am. ij, 4;: to tighten, 
 slacken the r.s, b. adducere, reniittere, id. 
 ib. to loosen the r.s of the goi'ernment, 
 reipublicae b. la.xare, Eutr. 9, 8 to give 
 full r. to one's passions, irarum omnes 
 effundere b., Virg. Aen. 12, 499: to give 
 full r. to the rivers, fluminibus tiitas 
 immittere h., Ov. M. i, 280 the poiver- 
 fvl r.s of Ian; validae legum h., poet. 
 in Cic. de Or. j, 41, 166. 2, lonim 
 {a leathern thong) : to hold the r.s, lora 
 tenere, luv. i, 61 : to give the r., lora 
 flare, Virg. <i. ?, 107; remitterp, Ov. M. 
 2, /oo: to jmll the left r., tendere 1. 
 sinistra, id. Am. ?, 2. 72 broken r.s, I. 
 abrupta, id. M. 2, jn : to lead their 
 horses by the r.. Ions ducere equos, Liv. 
 iS, ?4 : ply the rs more vigorously, 
 fortius utere loris, Ov. M. j, 127. 3, 
 frenum (pi. freiia and freni ; the latter 
 form is most usu. in prose: a bridle, 
 bit: hence fig. means of guiding, r.s): 
 the r.s of dnminion, rerum freni, Sil. 
 1, 240: to take, hold the r.s of pmcer, 
 frena imperii capt-re, tenere, Ov. Pont. 4, 
 I}, 27; Tr 2. 42: to give the r.s to a 
 headstrong creature, dare frenos impo- 
 tent! naiurae, Liv. J4, 2, ad fin.: v. 
 BRIDLE. 4. retinaculum (only in pi. ; 
 rare) the charioteer vaitily pulling i?i 
 the r.s, frustra r. tendens auriga, V'irg. 
 G. 1, 5' J- 5. corrigia. lidict. Biocl. 
 p. 16. 
 
 I rein (v.): frgno, l: V. BRIDLI!, CHECK, 
 
 and prered. art. 
 reindeer : perb. reno (rbeno) Snis : 
 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 21, ad Jin. : or tarandus: 
 Plin. 8, ?4, 52 'cerviis I'., I.inn.: in 
 mml. I.atin, and as the sign in the 
 heaven.*, •r.mgifer. 
 
 ' reinforce : expr. by various phr. ; 
 finiiare >ubsiillis, l,iv. 9, 17, ad Jin. ; 
 copils, Aucl. B. Afr. ij: tor. imeself, 
 novis copiis se Brmare. Tac. A. 2. 65, 
 extr. : renovare. Vac. Mur. 15, extr. ; 
 auxiliis conhrmare, Caes. B. C. I. 29 : 
 or confirmare nianum suam, Cic. Manil. 
 9, 34: to r. any one iiith one's uhole 
 strength, omnilms copiis auxilio venire 
 alicui, Caes. B. G. 2, 29 : the army was 
 r.d again andagain, exercilus identideiii 
 iiiciemento renovabatur, Curt. 5, 1, 59: 
 Iheii were r.d, aiigebantur illis copiue, 
 Caes. B. C. I, 45. 
 
 reinforcement : 1. suppiemen- 
 
 tuni (recruitf, nte/i to fill up tlie ranlcs): 
 to send i/oung vu:7i as a r. for the fleet, 
 in s. classis Juventuiem dare, l,lv. 28. 
 57 : to enlUt r.s for the legions, s. le- 
 gionibiis .scrlbere, Cic. Fam. }, }, i. 2. 
 subsldlum (reserve, relief) : to send r.s 
 from the iHngs, s. a lateribus sub- 
 mittere, t^aes. B. C. 1, 45 : to bring up a 
 r. of fresh troops, integros subsidio ad- 
 ducere id. B. G. 7, 87. 3. auxilium 
 (help, aid) : the r. of cavalry ivhich they 
 had se'it to Caesar, equitalus quem 
 auxilio C'aesari miserant. Caes. B. 0. 1, 
 18, ad fin. 4, Kxpr. by novae copiae 
 (fresh troops) : Tac. A. 2, 65, extr. ; 
 Caes. Phr.: r.s of fresh troops came 
 to the relief of the. exhausted, int«gri 
 milites succedere defessis, Caes. B. G. 
 7.4'- 
 
 reins (pi-) •• renes, m. pi. {gen. once 
 renium in PL): v. kidney: adj.: re- 
 nalis : Coel. Aur. 
 
 reinstate : resiltuo, ui, utum, j : 
 
 V. RE,sTORE. 
 
 reinstatement: restitutio.- v. be:- 
 
 STOKATION. 
 
 reinvest : rgcSlo, c61ui, cultum, j : 
 to r. the young men with hereditary 
 priestly dignity, r. adolescentulos pater- 
 nis siicerdotii.s, Tac. H. i, 77. 
 
 reinvigorate : rgficio, feci, fectum, 
 J : V. RE.FRESH. Phr.: r. our cold hearts 
 for the war. pectora bello exanimata 
 reple, Stat. Th. 4, 760. 
 
 reiterate : itero, i : v. repeat. 
 F* h r. : to r. an argument, arguraentum 
 etiam atque etiam premere, Cic. Tusc. 
 I, ^6, 88. 
 
 reiteration: itSratio: v. REPETiTtoN. 
 
 reject : 1. rejicio, jeci, jectum, ; 
 (to cast off': constr. usu. with a or ab 
 and rejl. pron.) : to r. anything, aliquid 
 a se r., Cic. de Or. j, 52, 204: to choose 
 the good and r. the opposite, bona de- 
 ligere ei r. contraria, id. Leg. i, 2!. 60 
 to r. the remaining kinds of divination, 
 reliqua divinationis genera r., Id. Div. i, 
 5, ; ; to r. (i. e. challenge) judges, r. 
 judiies, id. Plane. 17, 41 : to r. a uooer, 
 r. petentem, Ov. M 9. 51J: to contemn 
 or r. the Medea of Ennius, spernere am 
 r. Kiinii Medeani, Cic. Fin. i, 2, 4. 2. 
 rgpudio, I (to put away from one. dis- 
 iiiiin) : to r a match, r. conditlonem, 
 PI. Trin. 2, 4, 54: to r. an ivheritame, 
 r. hereditatem, I'apm. Dig. J7, 77, } ji : 
 to r. j/tayers and entreaties, r. vota et 
 preces, Cic. Clu. 70, 201 : suppliant 
 nobility has necer been r.'d, nunquani 
 nohilitas supplex repudiata fuit. Id. 
 Plane. 20, 50. 3. respuo, ui, } (to 
 spit out: a very strong expr.): to r. 
 the <erm,«, condltionem r., Cae.s. B. G. i, 
 42: >'. that which you are not, respue 
 quod non es, Pers. 4, 51 • vhat the ears 
 r. must l-e changetl, quod aures respuant, 
 inimiitandimi est, Cic. Part, Or. 5, 15. 
 4. as|iprnor. 1 (to spurn, kick an ay : 
 often joined to the preced.) : the taste 
 r.s and refuses that vhich is excessively 
 sneet, gustatus id qM0<l valde dulce est 
 aspernatur ac respuit, Cic. de Or. j, 25, 
 99: Fat, 20, 47. 5. spemo, sprgvi, 
 spretum, j : ;'. common food, sperne 
 vilem clbum, Hor. S. 2, 2, i; : v. dkspise, 
 SCORN. 6. imprObo, i (to disapprove) : 
 
 to r. both plans, ntnimque i. consillDm, 
 Caes. b. C. 2, }i. init. these teneU art 
 r.'d by the I'eripatetics, haec impmbau- 
 tur a Peripateticis, Cic. l)iv. i , } j. 72 : 
 to give the pon er of appro i-ing or r.ing, 
 potestatem prubandi i.que p.ruiitUTe, 
 id. V^err. ?, 76. 175. 7. reptdbo, i 
 (>i/n. with preced.) -. n hat nature choota 
 or r.s, quod iiatura asclscat et repnil>et, 
 Cic. Fm. I, 7, 2?. 8. rfpello. rfpuli 
 (repp.). pnUuni, } (mostly In poet.) : r.'d 
 suitors, repuUi pruci. Ov. M. ij, 7}? to 
 r. our ailiiince. r. connubia nostra, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 214 : to r. the emblem of royalty, 
 inslgne regiuin r.. Veil. 2, ^\ 4. 9. 
 explode, si, sum, } (to hiss off) : common 
 life has already r.'d this, hoc vita Jam 
 communis explosit, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86. 
 .loin: expli«u3 ejeciusque, id. Fin. 5, 
 8, 2;. 10. ejicio, jeci. jectum, j : tiot 
 to r. acquired skilfulnC'S, artiticium non 
 e., Cic. de Or. i, }2, 146: a r.'d (unstu:- 
 cessful) man. ejectus homo, id. i^uinl. 
 19, 62. 11. aversor, I (to turn auay 
 from) : to r. "n^s prayers, a. pri-cefs Liv. 
 i, 12 : to r. an affl'Cted friend, a£Bic- 
 tum a. amicum, Ov. Pont. 2, j. 5. 12. 
 rfiiliso, i: v. kefuse. 13. abdlco, 1: 
 lre<i. in Plin.: e.g. 2}, i, 1?.' Phr.: to 
 r. gifts, dona relegare, Cic. Rep. j, 28 : 
 to r. on oath the jurisdiction of a court, 
 forum iniquum >ibi ejiirare, id. Verr. }, 
 60, I J7 ; a marricute tliat ought to be 
 r.'d, repudiosae nuptiae, PI. Pers. j, i, 
 56 : to r. what they do not understand, 
 damiiare quae non intelligunt, Quint. 10, 
 I, 26 : he r.'d divination altogether, 
 divinationem fundltus sustulit, Cic. THv. 
 I, J, 5 : to r. the doctrine of the immor- 
 tality of the soul, senteniiam de ani- 
 morum immortalitate non probare, id. 
 Tusc. f, J2, 79: the opinion of neither 
 is to be wholly r.'d, neutrorum omnino 
 contemnenda sententia, id. Off. i, 21, 
 70. N.B.— Cic. translates aToirpcyTfyniva. 
 (things nhich ought to be r.'d) variously, 
 rejicienda, Fin. 5, 26, 78 ; rejectanca, lb. 
 4, 26, 72; rejecta, remota, ib. j, i;, 52: 
 recusabilis occurs in Tert. 
 
 rejection: 1. rejectio; the r. of 
 judges, v. judicum, Cic Plane. 15, }6: 
 the r. of citizenship, r. civitatis, id. Balb. 
 12, 29: the r. of learned men, r. eru- 
 ditorum, Plin. H. N. praef. } 7. 2. 
 rSpudiatio: the r. of suppliants, r sup- 
 plicum, Cic. Mur. 4, 9. 3. a,spernatio : 
 v. CONTEMPT, DISDAIN. 4. repulsa 
 (of a candidate for office) the mortifica- 
 tum of r., dolor repulsae, Caes. B. C. 
 1,4 Cic. 5. rfprfibatio: Tert. 6. 
 detractus, lis : the r. of a syllable, d. 
 syllabae. Sen. Suas. 7, ad fm. 7. more 
 Ireq. expr. by a verb: thete is sufficient 
 cause for their r., satis babent causae 
 quamobrem rejiciantur, Cic Fin. 3, 15, 
 51. 
 
 rejoice: A. Trans.: 1. lae- 
 tifico, I (to filadden): the sun rj Uie 
 earth, sol laetihait terram, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 40, 102. 2. e.xhilSro, i: our joys r. 
 the gods them.'elves, exhilarant ipsos 
 g-audia nostra deos. Mart. 8, 50, 6 : Cic 
 3. delecto, 1 : v. deught. 4. 
 expr. more freq. by phr.: afficere ali- 
 quem laetitia, Caes. B. G. 5, 48; gaudio, 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 70; laetitiam dare alicui, 
 id. Plane. 4:, 10? : the victory rM the 
 .Athenians, victoria ftiit Attliis laetitlae, 
 Nep. linioth. 2. 2 to r. any one's heart 
 greatly, animiim aliciyus gandiu explere, 
 Ter. Atidr. 2. 2, 2 . the comitia have r.d 
 me exceeilingly. comitia nie laetitia ex- 
 tulerunt, Cic Fain. 2, 10, i. B. ' n- 
 trans. : 1, gaudeo. gavisus sum, 2 
 (to be glad : esp. ol ttaid. internal joy, 
 while laetor denotes its outnard expres- 
 sion: constr. with ace. and in/in., infin., 
 quod, the ahl., or absol. : less fn-q. w Ith 
 the ace, of n-ut prim. : rarely with de. 
 oT depend, claute alter quum, quia, ti : 
 poet, with part.): I r. that you have 
 arrireil safely, te salvum venisse gaudeo, 
 Cic. Att. 5, II, init.: she r.s to l-e taught 
 the Ionian (to»f<.s motus di>ceri gaudet 
 loiMCOs, Hor. (M. !, 6. 21 : / r. infinitely 
 that you inform me in your letter that 
 you are hivel mine and more try I'aetat 
 every day, quod scribis te a Caesare quo- 
 66:
 
 REJOIN 
 
 RELATE 
 
 RELATION 
 
 tidle plus diligi inmiortaliter gaudeo, Cic. 
 Q. Fr. 3, I, J } y: to r. in thii dspart- 
 ment of Icmoiotedge, hoc scienliae genere 
 g., id. Off. 5, }j, 121: now I r. at tliat, 
 jam id gaudeo, Ter. Andr. z, 2, 2; : / 
 know that h» vnll heartily r. tcith me, 
 hunc scio mea solide gavisurum gaudia, 
 id. ib. 5, 5, 8 : to r. secretly, in sinu g., 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 51 ; taciturn secum g., 
 Ter. Hec. i, 2, J2: / congratulate you: 
 Oi for myself I r., tibi gratulor, niihi 
 gaudeo, Cic. Fam. 6, 15: they r. in 
 ivriting, gaiident scribentes, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 2, 107. Fig.: the rock r.s in Fhnebiis, 
 rupes gaudet Pboebo, Virg. E. 6, 29 • 
 a/7 garden plantsr. in m^isttire, humore 
 omnia hortensia gaudent, Plin. 19. 8, 39. 
 
 2. pergaudeo, 2 (very rare : to r. 
 greatly) ; / r. greatly that you like him, 
 eum a te amari p., Cic. Q. Fr. }, i, i ^ 9. 
 
 3. laetor, l (to show jny outwardly : 
 constr. with abl., accus. ot neut. proii., 
 or ace. and infin.) : to r. amidst the 
 groans of all, 1. in omnium geniitu, Cic. 
 Verr. ;, 46, 121 : to r. in good things 
 and grieve at the opposite, 1. bonis rebus 
 et dolere contrariis, id. Am. 1 j, 47 : / 
 see tluit I ought to r. at that, illiid mihi 
 laetandum video, id. Manil. i, j. 4. 
 exsulto, I (to leap for joy. r. exceed- 
 ingly; constr. usu. with abl.) : to r. 
 in the victory of the nobility, e. victoria 
 nobilitatis, id. Rose. Am. 6, 16: to r. in 
 heart, e. animis, Virg. Aen. 11, 491 : 
 often with laetitia or gaudio, Cic. Clu. 
 5, 14; Cat. I, 10, 26. Join: e. et ges- 
 tire, id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16. 5. gestio, 4 
 (to throw oneself about in transports of 
 jay) : to r. uith excessive pleasure, volup- 
 tate nimia g., Cic. Off. i, 29, 102 : to r. 
 in prosperity, secundis rebus g., Liv. 45, 
 19 : to r. with joy, laetitia g., Cic. Fin. 
 2, 4, 14: to keep those that r. inthin 
 bounds, gestientes comprimere, id. N. I). 
 2, 59, 148. P h r. : to r. in anything, 
 percipere laetitiam ex re quapiam, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 44, 197 : to r. exceedingly, gau- 
 dio compleri, id. Fin. 5, 14, 69 : to r. with 
 incredible jay, incredibili gaudio efferri, 
 Id. Fam. 10, 12, 2 : to r. insolently, inso- 
 lenter se efferre, id. Tusc. 4, 17, J9: / 
 rd not a little, cepi non mediix;rem vo- 
 luptatem, Plin. Ep. ;, 18, ad init. : the 
 populace r.d and ivas glad, plebs gau- 
 dium atque laetitiam agitabat, Sail. Cat. 
 48, ad init.: may you long r. in this 
 descent, originis hujus gaudia longa 
 feras, Juv. 8, 47: Hor. Od. j, 6, 12: 
 
 V. JOV. 
 
 rejoin : I. ^o P"* together again : 
 recpmpono, no pf. p6situm, } : v. re- 
 unite. II, To come back to: rgdeo, 
 ii, itum, 4 : v. retorn. P h r. : Caesar 
 r.'d his men, Caesar se ad suos recepit, 
 Caes. B. G. 1, 46: he r.'d the banquet, 
 se convivio reddidit, Liv. 2J, 9, extr. 
 III. To reply : respondeo, di, sum, 2 : 
 V. ANSWER (v.). 
 
 rejoinder : responsum : v. ANSWER 
 (subs.). 
 
 rekindle: 1. rgconflo, i: whence 
 feeling might be r.d in every limb, unde 
 reconflari sensus per membra posset, 
 Lucr. 4, 924. 2. rgdaccendo, di, sum, 
 J: Tert. ; Hier. Phr. : to r. extin- 
 guished, slumbering fires, exstinctos, so- 
 pitos ignes suscltare, Ov. A. A. j, 597: 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 74?: to r. flames that 
 have sunk low, excitare invalidas flam- 
 mas, Lucan 8, 776; tepidos refovere 
 ignes, Ov. Am. 2, 19, 15 : studies almost 
 quenched are r.d, stiidia propo exstiucta 
 refoventur, Plin. Ep. j, 18. 
 
 relapse ("•)•■ 1. rei Ido, di, casum, 
 {: V. f.ill. art. 2. relabor, lapsus, j 
 (to glide insensibly iMck. only fig.)- now 
 I r. into the doctrines of Aristippus, 
 nunc in Aristippi praecepta relabor, 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, 18. 3. rfimorbesco, j 
 (to becom,e ill again) : Enn. in Fest. : 
 
 V. PALL BACK, RETURN. 
 
 relapse (subs.) .• expr. by a phr. : the 
 r. of dermanicus, aegritudo quae rur- 
 8um Germanico acciderat, Tac. A. 2, 69. 
 To have a r., rficido, cidi, casum, j : do 
 not call me away from these remedies to 
 that crowd, lest I have a r., ab his me 
 remediis noli in Istam turbam vocare ne 
 664 
 
 recidam, Cic. Att. 12, 21, exlr.: Plin.: 
 also, in morbum de integro incidere, id. 
 Fam. 12, JO, 2 : cf. id. Cat. i, IJ, Jl : to 
 have a more serious r., in graviorem 
 morbum recidere, Liv. 24, 29. (N.B.— 
 recidiva febris. Gels. }, 4, means remit- 
 tent, recurring.) 
 relate ; I. To narrate, recount : 
 1. persequor, ciitus, j (to detail, de- 
 scribe) : to r. the history of Hannibal, p. 
 res Hannibalis, Cic. Div. i, 24, 49 : to r. 
 in verse, versibus p., id. Sen. 6, 16. 2. 
 expOno, posui, positum, i (to setfoHh) : 
 to r. from the beginning how the affair 
 took place, e. ab initio res quemaiimo- 
 dum ge.sta sit, Cic. Rose. Am. 5, 14: to 
 r. a conversation about friendship to 
 some one, e. sermonem de amicitia alicui, 
 id. Am. I, i : [ liave r.d the history of 
 the Romans in five books, quae Romain 
 gessere quinque libris exposui, Liv. 6, I : 
 v. DNFOLD. 3. edissero, rui, rtiim, 5 : 
 to r. deeds, e. res gestas, Liv. 54, 52 : 
 Cic. 4. edisserto, I (sj/n. of 7)reced.) ; 
 nor v~ill I attempt to tell what I shall 
 fall short of the truth in r.ing. neque 
 aggrediar narrare quae edissertando mi- 
 nora vero fecero, Liv. 22, 54. 5. 
 enarro, narro, i : v. tell. 6. refero, 
 retuli (rett.), rfilatum, j (to bring back 
 word, report): some chronicles r. that 
 then', was a battle at Fidenae, ad Fidenas 
 pugnatum quidam annales retulerc, Liv. 
 4, J4 : tlie conversations were r.d to me. 
 sermones referebantur ad me, Cic. Fam. 
 1, 9, 10. 7. trado, didi, dltum, ; (to 
 transmit a knowledge of: esp. in con- 
 nection with memoriae or memoria) : 
 he is r.d to have lieen the most just of 
 all men, omnium justissimus fuisse tra- 
 ditiir, Cic. Sest. 67. 141 : history r.s very 
 many such instances, qualia pcrmulta 
 historia tradidit, id. Div. i, 5J, 121 : 
 it is r.d that he fell foru'ords, traditur 
 memoriae prolapsum cecidisse, Liv. 5, 
 21, ad fin. 8. prodo, didi, ditura, 
 J (constr. like preced.) : he r.s that his 
 bones were secretly buried, memoriae 
 prodidit ossa ejus clam sepulta, Nep. 
 Them. 10, extr. : two different storifs 
 are r.d about his death, de interitii ejus 
 duplex memoria prodita est, id. Hann. 8, 
 2: Cic. 9. commem6ro, I (to »ne«<ton, 
 speak of: constr. with ace, ace. and 
 infin., ret. clause or de) : which I umdd 
 describe if I could r. them without pain, 
 quae persequerer si c. possem sine dolore, 
 Cic. Fam. 5, ij, i: Caes. B. G. 4, 16. 
 10. memoro, i (much rarer than 
 preced.); to r. his atrocity, m. crudeli- 
 tatera, Cic. Verr. i, 47, 122. 11. itfiro, 
 I (to recapitulate) : to r. my doings, 
 mea fact;i i., PI. Cas. 5,2,5. P h r. : a 
 most eloquent man, as they r., homo, ut 
 ferebant, in dicendo coplosissimus, Cic. 
 de Or. I, II, 45: Fabius r.s, Fabius auc- 
 tor est (with infin.), Tac. A. ij, 20: 
 authorities r. different accounts of his 
 death, de morte ejus variant auctores, 
 Liv. 27, 27 : (the historians) r. that he 
 lias slain, interfectum eum scriptum reli- 
 querunt, Nep. Hann. 8, 2 : as the (.'reeks 
 r., ut Graii perhibent., Virg. Aen. 8, i;5: 
 the matter is r.d to Caesar, defertur ea 
 res ad Caesarem, Caes. B. G. 5, 25 : they r. 
 their toils in talk, relegunt suos sermone 
 labores, Ov. M. 4, 570 ; to r. in order the 
 remaining uses, reliquos usus digerere, 
 Plin. 29, 2, 10. II. To concern : 1. 
 attinet, tinuit, 2 (used mostly impers. 
 with ad) : so far as r.s to myself, quod 
 ad me attinet, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, i, i : to 
 what am I to say this dream r.s f quam 
 ad rem dicam hoc attinere somnium >. 
 PI. Rud. l, I, 19: sometimes there is an 
 ellipsis : whether it was or was not, this 
 does not r. to the matter in hand, sive 
 fuit, sive non fuit, nihil ad rem (sc. atti- 
 net), Cic. IjCg. 2, 6, I ;. 2. pertinf t, 
 tinuit, 2 (like preced. : to belong) : the 
 dream r.s to something, somnium ad ali- 
 quam rem pertinet, PI. Merc. 2, i, 28 : 
 it r.s rather to lut, quod magis ad nos p., 
 Hor. S. 2, 6, 75: v. BELONG. 3. at- 
 tingo. tigi, tactum, } (to appertain) : 
 which in no way r. to the matter, quae 
 nihil attingunt art rem, PI. .Merc, i, i, 
 }2 : the first point r.s to human nature. 
 
 primus ille locus naturam attingit hu- 
 manam, Cic. Off. I, 6, l3. 4. contingo, 
 tigi, tactum, J : this deliberation in no 
 respect r.s to the Romans, haec consul- 
 tatio Romanos nihil coniigit, Liv. J4, 22, 
 ad Jin. 6. specto, i (to tend) : that 
 which r.s and contributes to a good life, 
 quod spectet valeatque ad bene viven- 
 dum, Cic. Off. 2, 2, 6 : v. tend. 
 
 related (ac/j.).— N.B. The foil, are 
 also used stdist. to denote a relative. 
 A. Lit. ; 1. propinquus (near: 
 a gen. t., opp. to loiigiiiqiius or alienus) : 
 nearly r. to ymi, tibi genere p.. Sail. Jug. 
 10 : the societ'i of near r.s, socieUis pro- 
 pinquorum, Cic. Off. i, 17,53. Join: 
 p. cognatique, id. Rose. Am. 34, 96. 2. 
 prOpior (used as comp. of preced.) : to 
 whom nobody is more nearly r. than 
 Quintius, quibus propior Quintio nemo 
 est, Cic. Quint. 31,97: more nearly r. 
 by blood, gradu p. sanguinis, Ov. H. }, 
 28. 3. proxTnius (superf.) ; he is most 
 nearly r. to him, hie illi geneie est p., 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17 : most closely r., p. cog- 
 natione. Lex in Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144; pro- 
 pinquitate, Nep. Ages, i, j : they are 
 unjust towards their nearest r.s. inju- 
 riosi sunt in proximos, Cic. Off. i, 14, 44. 
 4. cognatusQr. by birth): he was r. to 
 me, is mihi c. fuit, Ter. Andr. ;, 4, 2j : 
 kinsmen and r.s by birth agreeing very 
 well together, propinqui c.que optime 
 congruentes, Cic. Hose. Am. 34, 96. 5. 
 agnatus (r. on the father's side : v. Diet. 
 Ant. 309) : a. gentilesque. Lex in Cic. 
 Inv. 2, 50, 148. 6. affinis (r. by mar- 
 riage) : you have repudiated your r. by 
 marriage, my daughter, tu a. tuam, meam 
 filiam, repulisti, Cic. post Red. 7, 17: to 
 regard as r.s, in affinium loco ducere, 
 >Sall. Jug. 14, ad init. 7. necessarius 
 (connected by a tmnd ; hence variously 
 applied to friends and r.s): a near r., 
 propinqua et n.. Cic. Mur. 35, 73: r.s 
 by blood, n. et consanguine!, Caes. B. (i. 
 
 1, II. 8. consanguineus (r. by blood): 
 with what ancestors and r.s, quibus ma- 
 joribus, quibus c, Cic. Inv. i, 24, 35- 
 
 9. gentilis (r. by bearing the same 
 name) : your r. by name, Brutus, tuus 
 g.. Brute, Cic. Brut. 28, 1 09 : Li v. Phr.: 
 blood r.s, sanguine eonjuncti, Cic. inv. 
 
 2, 5?, i6j : to be r. to any one on the 
 mother's side, alicui materno a sanguine 
 Jungi, Ov. M. 2, 368 : to be r. both by 
 birth and marriage, et genere inter se 
 conjunctos esse et aftiuitate, Eutr. 8. 10: 
 to be most nearly r. to any one, cimtin- 
 gere aliquem artissimo gradu. Suet. Aug. 
 4 : to be in no degree r. to the family of 
 Caesar, nullo gradu contingere Caesaris 
 domum. Suet. Galb. 2. B. Fig-: 1. 
 propinquus : emotions nearly r. to these 
 passions (f the i^oul, motus finitinii et p. 
 his animi perturbationibus, Cic. de Or. 
 2, 44, 185 : ar. meaning, p. significatio, 
 Gell. 6, 16, ad fin. : the comp. is pr6- 
 pior : more nearly r. in mind, mente p., 
 Ov. M. 2, 369: v. NEAR. 2. fiiiitimus 
 (neighbouring, adjoining) : a poet is 
 nearly r. to an orator, poeta f. oratori, 
 Cic. de Or. 1. 16, 70; audacity vhich is 
 nenrly r. to confidence, audacia quiie 
 fiduciae f. est, id. Inv. 2, 54, ift;. Join: 
 propinquus et f, id. ib. . vicinus et f., 
 id. Or. 32, 113. 3. cognatus (A-indred): 
 nothing is so closely r. to our minds as 
 rhythm and speech, nihil est tam c. 
 nientibus nostris quam numeri et voces, 
 Cie. de Or. 3, 51, 197 : v. cognate. 4. 
 consanguineus : husbandi'y, which is 
 closely allied and as it xvere r. to iiris- 
 dom, res rustica quae proxima et quasi 
 c. sapientiae est, Col. i, piaef } 4 : Sleep, 
 the r. (brother) of Death, c. Leti Sopor, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 278. Phr.: all the arts 
 arc as it were r. to each other, omnes 
 artes quasi cognatione quadam inter se 
 continentur, Cie. Arch. l, 2- the sotd is 
 r. to the dod-s, animus tenetur cogna- 
 tione Deorum, id. IMv. i, 30, 64: the 
 human mind feels it is r. to the divine. 
 mens humana conjunctam cum divina 
 ment« se sentit, id. Tusc. 5, 25, 70. 
 
 relator : narrator : V. narrator. 
 relation: I. /farrative : nairatio: 
 V. narrative, tale. II. Ki7tsman:
 
 It E L A T r O N S H r P 
 
 U K I. A X K D 
 
 RELIEF 
 
 V RELATED, RFXATrVE (sUbg.). |||. 
 
 Connection, relative position : 1. 
 ratio : having enteifd into an intimate 
 T. with t/ie Icing, iiiaKn i r. cum rege coii- 
 iracta, Cic. SiiU. 20, 56 : v. fiKFEKKN<;K, 
 
 RR3PECT. 2. fOgnutlo : V. KELATION- 
 
 8HIP, (B). 3. conjunctio : v. cos- 
 
 NKCTios. I'hr. : Ihofe nho have no r.s 
 tvilh the people, qui nihil cum pupiilo 
 contraliUTii, Cic. Tusc. 5, }6, loj; v. IN- 
 
 TKKCOUIISK, TKRMS. 
 
 relationship: A. I^it-: l.,l""i5- 
 
 pinquiUis : close r., p arcto, I'lin. Kp. 4. 
 4: noble r., nobllis p.. Nep. |)lon 1, 2: 
 united by the boiids '/ ) ., vinculis pro- 
 plnquitatls conjuiiiliis, Cic. Plane. 11, 
 27. 2. proximitas (lery »!«ar r.): the 
 one relus upmi the n-ill, the other upon 
 his very close r., liic tcslamento, lUe 
 jiio.ximitate nititur, Cjuiiit. ?, 6. 95 : Ov. 
 
 3. coBnalio (r. by birth) : a cousin 
 by r., cognatione patruelis. Cic. Fin. 5, 
 I, r : to stand in close r. to any one, pro- 
 pinqua cogiiatiuiie aliquem attingere, id. 
 Vcrr. 2, 10, 27; cum aiiq\io conjunctum 
 esse, Nep. pra''f. 1 ; ilegrees of r., gradus 
 cognationis, Just. Inst. }, 6, 11: r. in 
 an ascending or defending line, c. su- 
 perior, inferior, id. ib. 5, 6, init. : colla- 
 teral r., c. ex transverse, id. ib. 4. 
 agnatic (r. on the father's side) : the 
 rii/ht of r. is eatahlished by adoption 
 also, per adoptionem quoque agiialionis 
 Jus consistit. Just. Inst, j, 2, 2 : Cic. 
 
 5. affiiiita-' (r. by marriage): to 
 unite oneself nUh any fine through a 
 tnarriage r., affiiutate se devincire cum 
 aliquo, Cic. Brut. 26, 98 : to enter into r. 
 with any one, a. juiigcre, Liv. i, i, ad 
 vied.; contraliere, Veil. 2, 44, j; Inter 
 se astringere, VI. Prin. j, 2, "75 ; in aflli- 
 iiitatem pervenire, Nep. Att. 19, 2 : to be 
 connected with any one by the bonds of 
 r., per ar connexam esse alicui, lac. A. 
 6, ?6. 6. nCa'ssitfuio, inis, /. (any 
 bond of connection, whether friendship 
 or r.) : the ties of r., necessitudinis 
 causae, Cic. Plane. 11, 27 : the r. of chil- 
 dren, liberorum necessiiudines, id. Kam. 
 15, 10, I. 7. nficessltas (syn. of pre- 
 eeil.) : Cic. Rose. Am. 24, 66. 8. con- 
 sanguinitas (blood r.) ; nearly connected 
 by r., consaiiguinitate pmpinquus, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 86. 9. genlilitas (r. by bear- 
 ing tlie same gentile name) : the lights of 
 race and r., stirpis et gentiliiatis jura, 
 Cic. de Or. 1, !9, l^b. 10. conjunctio 
 (connection): thi r. of brothers, fratrum 
 c, Cic. Off. 1 . 17, 54 : of marriage, id. Fam. 
 I, 7, II. Join: necessiiudo et e., id. 
 Phil. 15, 5, 11. 11. gernianitas(prop. 
 brothei-lwod : hence, r. of kindred races ; 
 rare) : oning to that r. they had a bro- 
 therly affectum for them, ab ea gennani- 
 late frateriiam" sibi com lis caritatem 
 esse, Liv. !7, ;6. Phr.: to be far re- 
 moved in point of r., longissimo gradu 
 esse. Just. Inst, j, 6, 11 : to be connected 
 ii-itk any one by blood r., alicui sanguine 
 cobaerere, Auct. in yuiiit. 8, }, 7;. B., 
 Fig.: 1, eogiiiiiio: the natural r. if 
 things thai are far apart, distantium 
 reruni iiaturalls c. Cic. Div. 2, 14, J4 : 
 the r. of studies and arts, c. studiorum 
 et artium. Id Verr. 4, 57, 81 : all the 
 arts haie a common liond, ami are con- 
 nected try r., omnes artes habont quod- 
 dam vinculum et quasi cognatione inter 
 se ooniiiiciitur, id Arch, i, 2: to hare a 
 connection or r., habere aliquam neces- 
 sltudinem aut c., id Or. 56, 186. 2. 
 affinitjis (union, connection) : Vie r. of 
 men's bodies and minds, a. corporibus 
 bominum nirntll>us(iue,Gell.4, ij : Quint. 
 
 3. vlciullnf. (near likeness) : the close 
 r. of arts and studies, artium stiidio- 
 runique quasi Unltliua v., Cic. Brut. 42, 
 i;6.- V. Ri«KMBLANCE. 4. conjuiictlo : 
 
 V. CONNKCTIDN. 
 
 relative (subs.) .■ v. related. The 
 pi., r„<!, may t* also expr. collect, by the 
 <il>str. words denoting re'a<i<»i.s/ii;) : when 
 all your r.s are carried in a vaggmi, 
 qimm libl tola cognatio sarraco vehatur, 
 Cic fragm. In Quint. 8, 5, 21 : Caes. : in 
 regard to his r.s. respectu suarura ne- 
 ccssitudinum, Vac H. }, 59, ad fin. : the 
 r.s who txure his name renounced the 
 
 name of Manlius, ^nlilitas ejns Manlli 
 cognomen ejuravit, Aur. Vict. vir. ill. 
 24 : Varr. 
 
 relative (.adj-) • no ♦'xact equiv. : 
 «'« Jeel this to be an absolute, not a r. 
 good, hoc ipsuni bonum iion acces.sione 
 neque crescendo aut cum ceteris com- 
 parando sed propria vi sua sentimus 
 bonum, Cic. Fin. j, 10, 54: tite sneetnesi 
 of honey is felt to be absolute, not r., 
 proprio genere saporis noii coiuparatione 
 cuniallis mel dulce essesentitur, id. ib. : 
 cf. id. inv. 2, JJ, 102, and foil. art. As 
 gram. (. t. relatlvus : a r. pronoun, r. 
 pronomen. Prise, p. 1065 p. 
 
 relatively : 1. C)mparate : either 
 abi:<ilulely nr r., aut sinipliciter aut c, 
 Cic. lop. 22, 84. 2. expr. by phr.: 
 they maintain that one noun is usedab- 
 solutdy, the Oliver r., illud nomen slm- 
 pliciter positum, hix; ad aliquid esse 
 contendunt, gulnt. I, 6, U: not abso- 
 lu'ely, but r., non simpliciter sed ex 
 eomiiaratione, Cic. Or. Part. 28, 98 : r. to 
 the other legiotJS, collatione reliquarum 
 (legionum), Hirt. B.G. 8, 8 : (cf. Niigelsb. 
 Stillst. p. 214). 
 
 relax: A. Act. : 1. riSmitto, 
 niisi, niissiira, } : to r. the reins, habenas 
 r., Cic. Am. 15,45: v. .slacken. Fig.: to 
 r. their fonner efforts, r. superioris tem- 
 poris eontentionem, Cae.s. B. C. 2, 14, ad 
 fin. : pleasure r.s rather than stimulates 
 thought, remittit potius volupta.s cogita- 
 tiones quam Intendit, t^uint. 10, 5, 24; 
 Cic. 2, relaxo, i : to r. their labours, 
 r. latx)res. Curt. 5, ij, 5: tor. one's 
 avarice, r. avarltiam. Sen. Ep. 94, 2J : 
 whatewr I have made stringent he r.s, 
 quicquid ego astrinxi relaxat, Cic. Att. 
 10, 6. 3. I1X0. I ('e»s freq. than 
 
 prea-d.) : to r. the bowels, 1. intestina, 
 Plin. 8, j6, 54. Fig. tor. their lalnmrs 
 somewhat, sibi aliquid laboris 1., Liv. 9, 
 16. ad fin. 4. resolvo, vi, soliituni, ?: 
 tlie body being r.'d (in .':lcep), resolute 
 corpore, Ov. M. 7, }28. Fig.: to r. dis- 
 cipline, r. disciplinam, Tac. H. i, 51. 
 5. retendo, di, sum or turn, } : tor. 
 the bow, r. arcum, Ov. M. 2, 419 : Fig.: 
 Quint. I, J, 8 : V. iiNBENi). P li r. : to r. 
 the Urwels. moUire ahum, Plin. 20, 5, 
 20; solvere, Cels. I, }, ad med.: if the 
 body ; if the stomaih is r.'d, si corpus 
 profluit; si venter flult, id. }, 6, ad fin. : 
 a r.'d stomach, liquida alvus, id. 4, 19 
 B. N c u t. : 1, relanguesco, gui, j 
 (to grow languid) : there is no reason 
 why their diligence should r., non e.st 
 cur eorum languescat industria, Cic. 
 Or. 2, 6 : he says that he. has r.'d in his 
 enmity, se relanguisse dicit, id. Att. i }, 
 41 : tliat the impetuosity of the Icing 
 may r., ut regis impetus relanguescat, 
 Liv. J), 45. Join: r. et remit i i, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 15. 2. r6Iaxo, l : pain allows 
 pauses, and r.s, dolor dat int«rvalla et 
 relaxat, Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94: also rejiect.: 
 men, if only they aie men, sometimes r., 
 homines, si moilo homines sunt, inter- 
 duni animis relaxaniur, id. Phil. 2, 16, 
 J9- 3. expr. by the pass, of rSraitto, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 14, ad init. : also, remit- 
 tere se, Cels. 4, 24, ad fin. : Ov. : v. 
 ABATE. Phr.: the secerity of the 
 tieather r.ing., caeli mitescente saevitia, 
 Curt. 8, 4, I?. 
 
 relaxation: 1. rCmissio: times 
 
 of business (uul ofr., teinpora curaruin 
 et remissionum, Tac. Agr. 9 : to conde- 
 scend to every sort of r., ad omnera 
 aiilml r. descendere, Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 22 : 
 in a bad sense. Id. Fam. 5, 2, 9 : v. 
 ! ENERVATION. 2. riSlaxatlo : -no' appli- 
 cation of the mind, but r., non contentio 
 aiiinii sed r., Cic. de Or. 2, 5, 22. 3. 
 laxamentum : r. of the stomach. 1. ven- 
 tris, Macr. S. 7, 11. Fig.: r.from u-ar, 
 1. l)elli. Liv. 9, 41, ad med. : having had 
 a little r., pusillum laxamentj nactus, 
 Cic. Fam. 12, 16, j. 4. iivftcamentum 
 (that xihiclt. calls of from business : 
 rare): Plin. Ep. 8. 2}, i: v. diversion, 
 rk.<:reation. 6. As a medic. 1. 1., re- 
 solutio ventris. Cels. 2, 6 ; profuaio alvi, 
 
 id. 2, 7 : V. IJlAKKIlOKA, FI.UX. 
 
 relaxed ( /><"•'• aud adj.) : rgmissus : 
 
 V. LAX, LANGUID. 
 
 relaxing : rgmissivTi*. Coel. Aur. : 
 V. puK(iATivE. Fig.: fluidus : r. Iieat, 
 f. calor, Ov. M. 15, 562 : v. enfkebli.vc. 
 
 relay : p<-rh. cursus publici, potts or 
 rsfor Uie conieyance of news, under the 
 emperors. Cod. Just. 12, 51 : so, be<ng 
 carried by ahort r.s, vectus mutaliuiie 
 celeri cur>us publici, Amm. 21,9.4: or 
 by phr. : he arrived by rj on the third 
 day at I'ella, per dii<positos equos die 
 tertio Pellain perveiiit, Liv. J", 7 : to 
 place r.s of veJi icUs aUmg tlie roads at a 
 moderate distance apart, modicis iiiter- 
 vallls per militares viae vehicula dis- 
 ponere, Suet. Aug. 49 (R. and A.): he 
 hadfieAlJar auay ty 1 .s of horses, ilium 
 equos sul>inde inuianteni longius fuga 
 abstulerat, Curt. j. 11, 26: rjs of horses, 
 • recentes et integri equi per viam dls- 
 positi (Kr.). 
 
 release ("■)■■ 1. exsoivo, vi, siio- 
 
 tuni, J : til r. any one from debt, e. ali- 
 quem aero alieno, Liv. 6, 14, ad fin. : to 
 r. minds fri/m the bamis of superstition, 
 e. animos r<'ligi"nuni nodis, Lucr. 1,9:2: 
 if I shall get r<-laxation from my busi- 
 ness (for I do not ask to be wh'My r.d 
 from it), ocenpationibus meis m me re- 
 laxavero, nam ut plane exsolvam non 
 postulo, Cic. Fam 7, i, ;. 2. solvo, 
 vi, sOliitum, } (rather less strong than 
 preced.) : to r. any one from, care and 
 business, aliquem cura et negotio s., 
 Cic. Rep. 1,18: tor. one's native land 
 from fear, s. patriam metu. Prop. 4, 6, 
 41 : to r. the state from religious obliga- 
 tion, religione tiviiatem s., Cic. Caecin. 
 J4, 98. 3. resolvo, vi, s6ICitum, i (to 
 unloose : esp. poet.) : to r. a virgin 
 from chains, r. virginem catenis, Ov. M. 
 4, 7J8: no expiations shall r. you, te 
 nulla piacula resolvent, Hor. Od. i, 28, 
 J4. 4. libCro, 1: tor.slaies, L servos, 
 Caes. B. C. J. 9 : to r. from a danger, 
 1. perieulo. id. ib. j, 8j: tor. oneself 
 from obligations to lenus, I. se a Venere, 
 Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 5; : tor. onese\f 
 from disagreeable circumstances by a 
 payment, 1. se pecunia ex incommodls, 
 id. Verr. 5, 9, 2;: also with pen. : to be 
 r.d from a vow, liberari vuti, Liv. ?. 28, 
 ad init. : v. deliver, free. 5. ^soio, 
 I (to loosen, relax) : to r. from the 
 thraldom of lust, libidlnum vuKulis I., 
 Cic. Sen. j, 7 : r.d from the body, cor- 
 pore laxati, id. Hep. 6, 15, ad fin.: v. 
 believe. 6. exonCro, i : v. cnbi'sdek. 
 Phr.: you, r.d from your quiver, tu 
 renodata pharetrls, Val. Fl. 5, j8i : no 
 repose r.s me from toil, nullum ab 
 labore me reclinat otium, Hor. Kpod. 
 
 17.^4- 
 
 release (*«**■) ■• 1. liberfitlo : a r. 
 from evils, 1. malonim. Quint. 5, 10, }s. 
 Join: 1. et vacuitas, Cic. Kin. I, II, }7 : 
 v. DELIVERANCK. 2. mi&slo : to give 
 a present in return for one's r.. munua 
 pro missione dare, Cic. Tusc. i, 48, 114: 
 
 V. DISCHARGE. 
 
 relent : no exact equlv. : expr. by 
 SOFTEN, BEND: if the CleUirS r., if the 
 anger of the gids is turned aside, au- 
 mina si precibus remollescunt. si flee- 
 titur Ira deorum, Ov. M. i, 178 to r. 
 sometvhat each day. quotidie iracundliie 
 aliquid remlttere, Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 19: 
 pity, II hich forces a judge to r., misera- 
 tio quae judicem flecti cogit, Quint 6, i, 
 2J : to r., ponere ferocia corda, Virg. 
 Aen. I. J02 ; Iram, Hor. A. P. 160. 
 
 relentless : immis^rloors, saevus, 
 atrox : V. iMTiLi-uss, inki.kxible: poet, it 
 may be expr. after Hor. Od. i. 24, 17: 
 r. t" executing the decrees if fate, non 
 lenis precibus fata recludere. 
 
 relet: rf'Oc-). 1 : Uip. l>ig. 19. ». u- 
 relevant: expr. by attinet: v. to 
 
 KELATK (11.). 
 
 reliance : fiduci" v. tkcst. 
 
 relic: ^^ bkmains, jikmorial. Of a 
 b<Klv, reliquiae : e. g. the rj q/' Uariiu. 
 r. Marii, Cic l^g. 2. 22, $6: In eccl. 
 sense. 'quiHi reliquum est ex oorpore 
 honiinis sanctl (Kr.). 
 
 relict : vidua : v. wroow. 
 
 relief: !■ AlUviation: 1. 16- 
 vulio : to discover a r. for pain. I. in- 
 venire dolorlbus, Cic Tusc, 5. extr. : to 
 66?
 
 RELIEVE 
 
 R K L I G I O N 
 
 RELISH 
 
 briftg r. for snrrou.'s, 1. habere aegritu- 
 dinum, id. ib. i.fxir. 2. ISviimentum ; 
 ar./rom the triliute, 1. tributi, Tac. H, 
 I, 8: a r. fnr miseries, 1. miseriarura, 
 Cic. Kin. j;, ig, 5 j. 3. levamen (that 
 which brings r.) .- if there nere ant/ r. 
 it would be in yimalsne. si esst-t aliqund 
 1., id esset in ti» uno, Cic. Alt. 12. 16; 
 Catul. 4. sublgvalio : r. and remedy 
 8. et merlicina, Cic. Rep. 2, J4. 5. 
 alievatio : r. /ram pain, a. (doloris), 
 Cic. Fin. i, 12,40. 6, allevamentum : 
 without ami remedy or r., sine ullo re- 
 medio • t a., Cic. Suil. 2}, 66. 7. miti- 
 
 gatio: V. ALLEVIATION, MITIGATION. 8 
 
 Uxamentum : v. respite, belaxation. 
 9. medioJna: v. remedy. ||. Aid: 
 1. Rubsidium (osp asamilit. 1. 1.): to 
 brifi{i r., s. ferre, Caes. B. 6. 2, 26 : to send 
 (to the) r., sulisidio mittere, id. ib. 2, •; : 
 to come to the r.. subsidio venire, Cic. Att. 
 8,7: V. beinforckment. 2. auxiliiun: 
 V. HELP, assistance, sdccoue. P h r. : 
 before r. could come from Carthage, 
 priusquamOarthaginesubveniretur, Liv. 
 29, 25, ad fin.: {)ie said that) he trusted 
 in the fortifications of the town, if r. 
 coulii be quickly brought, se confidere 
 munitionibus oppidi si celeriter succur- 
 ratur, Caes. B. C. j, 80. |||. T. t. in 
 painting : \, eminentia: in the back- 
 ground or in v., in umbris et in emi- 
 nentia, Cic. Acad. 2, 7, 20. 2. aspe- 
 ritas (contrast, inequality) : when the 
 prospect of that scejie chai-med the eyes 
 of all by its bold r., quum aspectus ejus 
 scenae propter asperitatem eblandiretur 
 omnium visus, Vitr. 7, ;. 5 : the aspect is 
 effective on account of the r. produced by 
 the spaces between the pillars, aspectus 
 propter a. intercolumniorum habet auc- 
 toritatem, id. j, j, 9. Phr. ; as we 
 fancu that in a work of art some things 
 stand out in r., some recede, ut quaedam 
 eminere in opere, quaedam recessisse 
 credamus Quint. 2, 17, 21. |V. T- t. 
 in sculpture : to carce in bas-r., caelare, 
 Cic; interradgre, Plin. jj, 11, 49 ; bence, 
 a bas-r., caelamen (rare), Ov. M. ij, 
 291 : caelatura {the art of carving them ; 
 the r.s themselves) ; carving in loo high 
 r. breaks a thin plate, c. altior rumpit 
 tenuem laminam, Quint. 2, 4, 7 : bas-r.s 
 taken from subjects in Homer, caela- 
 tura carminura Homeri, Suet. Ner. 47 : 
 an artist in bas-r., caelator, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 24, 54; also tSreuma, atis, «. (ropev/io; 
 see Diet. Ant. voc. "Bronze"): very 
 splendid bas-r.s, perbona t., id. ib. 4, 
 18, }8 : vasa ectj-pa (eKTvira), Plin. J5, 12, 
 4J: anaglypta (ai/ayAuffTa), id. J?, 11, 
 49 : an adj. anaglyptlcus occurs in Sid. 
 relieve: I. 'I'o lighten, alienate: 
 1, levo, I (to lighten): I will r. you 
 of your burden, ego te fasce levabo, 
 Virg. E. 9, 6; : to r. thirst, 1. sitim, 
 Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 26 : to r. the violence of the 
 disease, 1. vim morbi, Curt. j. 6, 2 : to r. 
 any one from fear, 1. aliqueni nietu, 
 Liv. 2, 22 to r. care and uneasiness of 
 mind by couvsel, 1. curam et angorem 
 animi coiisilio, Cic. Att. i, 18, ad init.: 
 r. your suppliant, levate supplicem ves- 
 trum, id Clu. 70, zoo : that remedy 
 cannot r. all sorrows, ilia medicina non 
 omnes aegri'udiiies 1. potest, id Tusc. 4, 
 28, 61. 2. relfivo, I : whose death has 
 partially r.d iiou of a burden, cuius 
 mors te ex aliqua parte relevavit, Cic. 
 Fl. 17,41 • '" '• hunger, r. famem, Ov. 
 M. II, 129: to r. any one's mind, r. (ali- 
 cui) animum. Ter. Ad. 4, j, 11. 3, 
 sublevo, I ; to r the toils of the soldiers, 
 s. militum laburem, Caes. B. G. 6, J2: 
 his care.':ses r.d /lec/ears, blandimenlum 
 Bublevavii nietiim, lac. A. 14,4: tor. 
 hit neighliiiurs with his wealth, s. vicinos 
 facultatibus suls, Cic. Phil. 7, 8, 24. 4. 
 all§vo, I : lor. one partially of a burden, 
 a. onus aliqiia ex parte, Cic. Rose. Am. 
 4, 10 : / am r.d when I talk with you 
 in your absence, allcvor quum loquor 
 tecum absens, id. A tt. 1 2, J9. 5, 'axo, 
 I (to relax, release) : to r. the stomach, 
 8tomachuni 1., Juv. 4, 67 : to r. his mind 
 from conxtant labour, animum ab as- 
 siduis laboribus I., Liv. J2, 5, ad init. : 
 to r. our minds from the exertion qfdis- 
 666 
 
 cussion, animos a contentione disputa- 
 tionis 1., Cic. de Or. }, extr. 6. mitigo, 
 
 I V. s^oFTEN, assuage. 7. remitto, 
 mi<i, missum, ? : v. relax. 8. ex- 
 onero, I : v. unburden. Phr.: to r. the 
 mind 6v sleep, animum somno relaxare, 
 Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100 : to be « little r.d of 
 one's fear, pauUum respirare a mntu, 
 id. Clu. 70, 200 to r. more seri'ms 
 work by sport and jest, graviura opera 
 lusibus jocisque distinguere, PI. Ep. 8, 
 21, ad init. ||. J'o aid, assist : 1. 
 subvfinio, veni, ventum, 4: to r. his son, 
 surrounded by foes, circumvento Hlio, s. 
 Caes. B G. 5, J5. 2. succurro, curri, 
 cursum, } (to run to the aid of) : to r. 
 those II ho are hard pressed, laborantibus 
 s.. Cic. de Or. i, ;7, 169: hemp r.s the 
 stomach of beasts of burden, cannabis 
 succurrlt Jumentorum alvo, I'iin. 20, 2J, 
 97 : V. succOMB, AID Phr. : to r. any 
 one from a blockade, obsidione aliquem 
 eximere, Liv. j8, 15. |||. Milit. t. t. : 
 to take the place of : 1. excipio. cepi, 
 ceptum. ? : they r. one another, alii alios 
 excipiunt. Caes. B. G. 5, 16 i j cohorts 
 r.d this legion, banc legionem xiii. co- 
 hortes exceperunt, id. ih. 7, 51. 2. 
 succedo, ssi, ssum, ; (to take the place of : 
 with dat. ) : fresh men r. the exhausted, 
 integri et recentes defatigaiis succedunt, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 16: the cohorts r.d them, 
 cohortes in stationem succedere, id. 4, 
 il. Phr.: to r. soldiers on guard, per- 
 mutare stationum vices. Curt. 8, 6, 11: 
 to r. each other in turn, variare vices, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 164 (R. and A.): lie r.s 
 me and takes my post, subit ipse meum- 
 que e,xplet opus, Ov. M. }, 648. |V. 
 To heighten by contrast: v. relief. III. 
 Phr.; the contrast of the colours mutu- 
 ally r.ing each other, differentia colorum 
 altcma vice sese excitante, Plin. j;, 5, 
 
 II (q. v.); the part on which the light 
 falls seems to be r.d, quod erit illumi- 
 natum exstare atque eminere videtur, 
 Cic. de Or. j, 26, loi. 
 
 religion: 1. rellgio (relllgio; so 
 always in poet. : a term of wide import, 
 including all feelings and manifestations 
 of reverence, even to .superstition) : r. 
 which consists in the pious worship of 
 the gods, r. quae deorum pio cultu con- 
 tinetur, Cic. N. n. i, 42, 1 17 : to embrace 
 the worship of the gods and pure r., 
 cultum deorum et puram r. suscipcre, 
 id. IjCg. I, 2!, 60 : there are liinits to r. ; 
 tve ought not to be over superstitious, 
 modus est qnidam religionis : nimium 
 esse superstitiosuni non oportet, Aucl. 
 Oom. 4"i, 105 : every state has its own r., 
 sua cuique civilati r. est, id. Flac. 28, 64 : 
 the r. of the Jews, r. Judatorum. id. ib. 
 28, 68 : the r. of the Christians, r. Chris- 
 tianoriim, Sulp. Sev. Cbron. 2, }o: a 
 heathen r., r. profana, Firm. Mat. 2i, i : 
 to convert fo the true r., ad veram r. re- 
 furniare, Min. Fel. i, 5 : to conform to 
 the establisheil r., r. traditas colere, id. 6, 
 I (cf. Liv. 5, 51), the rites of r., reli- 
 gionum caerimoniae, Cic. Kep. 2, 14 : 
 to be a teacher of r., perh. religiones 
 interpretari, after CJaes. B. G. 6, ij: a 
 man of no r., contemptor religionuni. 
 Suet. Ner. ;6. 2, expr. by sacra, 
 orum, n. pi. (religions rites ; esp. of pri- 
 vate and family wonship) : the r. of Ceres, 
 s. Cereris, Cic. Balb. 24. 55 : the origin 
 of the r., origo sacrorum, Liv. jg, ij: 
 the ministers of r., antistites caerimo- 
 niarum et sacrorum, Auct. Dom. 59, 104 : 
 to follow the same form of r., iisdem 
 uti sacris, after id. Off. i, 17, 5; : 
 the Catholic r., the Lutheran r., * sacra 
 Pontificia, Lutherana (Kr.) : to change 
 one's r., *ad alia sacra transire (Kr.). 
 3. pietas (prop. (JM;i/"i/Z7!€SS ; rare) 
 r., p. adversus, erga deos, Cic. Fin. j, 22, 
 7j; Auct. Dom. 41, 107: v. piktt. Phr.: 
 the fhristian r., Chris'iana tides, Sulp. 
 Sev. 2, ;i : a foUoii-er of the 1 hristian 
 r., Cliristianae legis studiosus, Amni. z;, 
 10, 15: an offence against r., sacrum 
 conimissum, Lex in Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 21 : 
 it II as an offence against r. to eat the 
 produce, religiosum erai consumere 
 fructuni, Liv. 2, 5 : the whole state be- 
 came entirely devoted to r., civitas tota 
 
 in cultum versa deorum, id. i, 21 : to be 
 the minister of r., perh. rebus divinig 
 interesse, Caes. B. G. 6, 1 j ; cf. Cic. Div. 
 I, 4, V " system, of r., * formula rerum 
 diviiiarum (Kr.) : v. THEOLOuy. 
 
 religious : 1. religiosus (like 
 the .subst., it has a wide import : also 
 relligiosus) : a r. man, homo r., Auct 
 Dom. 4", 105 : very r. persons, reli- 
 giosissimi mortales. Sail. C. 12 : r. rites, 
 r. j ura, Cic. A m. 4, 1 J. Join: sanctus 
 et r., id. Fontei. 9, 21; Ruse. Com. 15, 
 44 on the word see Gell. 4, 9. 2. 
 reIigio.-.ulus (rather r.) : Hier. adv. Ruf. 
 J. 1- 3. Freq. expr. by means of re- 
 ligio : a mind not devoid of r, feelings, 
 baud iniactus religione animus, Liv. 5, 
 I ; : devoid of all r. feelings, expers reli- 
 gionum omnium, Cic. N. D. i, 42, 119: 
 it is ar. custom, religio est, Plin. 25, 4, 
 II : that particular r. system, istorum r. 
 sacrorum, Cic. Mac. 28.69: r. observances 
 handed don-n by tradition, traditae per 
 manus r., Liv. ;, 51 : to comply with re- 
 ligious practices, religiones colere, Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 14 : deep r. awe, summa r., id. 
 Verr. 4, J4, 75 : a r. scruple arose in his 
 mind, oblata est illi r., id. Fam. 10, 12, ? : 
 to he prevented by r. duties, religionibus 
 inipediri, Caes. B. G. 5, 6 : no r. ai'ersion 
 to falsehood, nulla meiidacii r., id. B. C. 
 I , II : to be released from r. obligation, 
 exsolvi religione, Liv. 9, 9, ad init. : to 
 undertake a r. war, belluin pro reli- 
 gionibus suscipere, Cic. Fontei. 9, 20 : 
 an object of r. aire, r., id. Verr. 4, 45, 9} : 
 r. zeal, *studium religionis (Kr.). 4. 
 sollennis: v. solemn. Phr.: civil and 
 r. institutions, perh. divina hamanaque 
 jura, Caes. B. C. 1, 6, extr. : to perform r. 
 worship, rem divinam facere, Cato R. R. 
 I, 5, 4 (esp. of sacrifices) : to be very 
 r., quae ad cultum deorum pertinent 
 dlligenter tractare, after Cic. N. D. 2, 28, 
 72 : a r. regard for virtue, superstitio 
 vinutis, Sen. Ep. 95, }$: the most r. 
 care, summa cura : v. scrupulous : a r. 
 person (i.e. a recluse): * religiosus, 
 claustralis : to join a r. order, * ordini 
 sacro se addicere. 
 
 religiously: 1. religiose (reil.): 
 to ivorship th^ godo r., r. deos colere, 
 
 Liv. 10, 7; Cic. : V. SCRUPULOCSLT. 2, 
 
 soUeniiiter : v. .solemnly. 
 
 religiousness : 1. pietas ad- 
 versus, erga deos, Cic. Fin. j, 22, 7} ; 
 Auct Dom. 41, 107 ; cf. N. D. i, 42, 116 : 
 V. piETV. 2. sanctitas: Cic. : v. holi- 
 NF.SS. 3. reiigiositas : App. Dogm. 
 Plat 2, p. 16 (a trans, of theGk. oo-iottjs). 
 Phr.: on enemy of all r., hostis omnium 
 religionum, Auct Dom. 54, 159: the jus- 
 tice and r. of Xuma. justitia religioque 
 Nuniae, Liv. i, 18, init. 
 
 relinquish : relinquo, Uqui, Uctum, 
 } : v. le.vve, abandon, kesign. 
 
 reliquary : perh. *theca, capsa sanc- 
 torum reliquiis instructa : in eccl. Latin, 
 *reliquiare, reliquiarium. 
 
 relishCi")' A. Trans.: expr.by 
 phr. to r. black broth, jure nigro de- 
 lectari, Cic. Tnsc. 5, J4, 98 ; he said he 
 never r.'d anything better, uegavit se 
 unquam bibisse jucundius. id. ib. ;, J4, 
 97 : sicearing that he never r.'d a dinner 
 better anyuhere, adjurans nusquam so 
 unquam libentius (sc. coenasse), id. Fam. 
 9,19: V. LIKE, ENJOY. B. In trans.: 
 expi . by a phr. : the deer does not r., 
 nil dama sapit, Juv. 11, 121 : v. taste. 
 
 relish {suhs.) : J. Flavour : sapor : 
 V. tastk. II, .•Something eaten with or 
 before a meal, a whet: 1. promulsis, 
 Wis,/, (a r. of eggs, salt I'Sh, etc.) : to 
 raise one's expectations by a r., in pro- 
 mulside spei ponere aliquid, Cic. Fam. 9, 
 16, 8. 2. pulmentarlum (anything 
 eaten irith bread) : dried figs are a r., 
 caricae pulmentario sunt Sen. Ep. 87, ? : 
 Vft exercise be your r., pulmentaria quaere 
 sudando, Hor. S. 2, 2, 20. 3. condi- 
 mentum (spire, seasoning) : a r. was 
 lacking, c. defuit, Cic. Tusc. 5, J4, 98 : 
 V. seasoning. 4. pulmentum: App. 
 M. 4, p. 146. 5. gustus, us; Mart. 11, 
 Jf , 4. 6. gustulus (dimin. ofpreced.) : 
 App. M. 9, p. 2?2. 7. gustatio: Petr. 
 21. 6. 8. gustum : Apic. 4, f. |||,
 
 RELISHING 
 
 K K M A N D 
 
 R E M E D 7 
 
 Fondness, partiality : studium : v. 
 
 TASTK. 
 
 relishing: pulmentaris: r.food, p. 
 cibus, Plin. i8, 12, ?o: v. savoubt. 
 
 relactance: Phr. : with v., invi- 
 
 *.US: V. UNWILLINGLY. 
 
 reluctant : piStr, invltns : V. UN- 
 WILLING. Join : invitu* et coacius, 
 Caes. B. C. I, i: he nould lie r. to come 
 unbidden to a cmiferenre, in colloquium 
 venire invltatus Rravarctur, id. B. G. i, 
 j; : whf titer you will lie r. or eager, slve 
 retractabis, si»e properabls, Cic. I'usc. I, 
 
 J I. 76- 
 
 reluctantly : use Invltus : v. un- 
 willingly. 
 
 rely : fido or conf Ido, f isus sum, } 
 (constr. usu. with ilal. of person or abl. 
 of <Ain</ relied on) : v. trust. 
 
 relying on : fretus (with at>l.) .• 
 
 Clc. : Caes.: (v. rarely with dat., Liv. 
 
 6, I?, init., nuUi rei freta niulii- 
 
 tudo...). 
 
 remain: I. To continue unchanged 
 or unmoveii : 1, maneo, nsi, nsuro, 2 : 
 to r. at home, m. domi, Caes. B. G. 4, i : 
 the earth r.s fiaed, terra immobi Us manet, 
 Cic. Rep. 6. 18 nothing r.s for ever un- 
 changed, nihil semper suo statu manet, 
 id. N. D. I, 12, 29 all that ive have hived 
 in Agricola r.s, and will r., quidquid ex 
 Agricola amavimus manet mansurum- 
 aue est, Tac. Agr. 46: to r. alive, m. 
 in vita, Cic. Fam. 4. u, 2 : whilst the 
 menwiy of Home sliall r., dum memoria 
 reriim Komanariim manebit, id. Off. 2, 
 12, 4?: to r. of the same opinion, m. in 
 pristina mente. id. Sest. l"), 58 : to r. of 
 the. same opinion ns the old philosophers, 
 m. in antiquorum philosopborum sen- 
 teniia, id. Div. i, i, 5 : tor. faithful to 
 one's promise, m. promlssis (abl.), Vlrg. 
 Aen. 2, 160. 2. permaceo, nsi, nsum, 
 2 (stronger than preced. ; to r. per- 
 manently) : to r. iin the sea coast, p. in 
 marltima ora, I.iv. !"j, 21 : tor. in a state 
 of celibacy, p. impuberes, Caes. B. G. 6, 
 21 : that custom has r.'d from the days 
 of Cecrops, ille mo.s a Cecrope permansit, 
 Cic. Leg. 2. 2;, 6?: to r. faitliful to 
 one's duty. p. in officio, Caes. B. (i. 6, 8, 
 ad fin. 3. rfmaneo, nsi, nsum, 2 (to 
 r. behind: conslr. sometimes with pred. 
 adj.): to r. with one, r. apud aliquem, 
 Caes. B G. 4. 15. the lower part r.'d 
 perfect, pars inferior Integra remanebal, 
 id. ib. 7, J5 : souls r. after death, animi 
 remanent post mortem, Cic. Tusc. 1,12, 
 26. 4. sto, stgtl, statum. i (to stand, 
 last) : to r. about the senate-house, s. ad 
 curiam, Cic. Cat. 2. j, 5; the iron r.'d 
 fast in his groin, stetit inguine ferrum, 
 Ov. M. 5, I ?2 : the ice r.s motionless, stat 
 glacies iners, Hor. Od. 2, 9, 5 ; to r. of the 
 same fixetl opinion, s. suis Judiciis, Cic. 
 Tusc. 5. 28, 81 : V. STAND. 5. e.xsio, 
 
 stiti, I (to be extant) : there r. letters of 
 Philip, extant episiolae Phillppi, Cic. 
 Off. 2, 14. 48. 6. duro, I (to hold 
 
 out, eruiure) : to r. in tents, d. sub pel- 
 libus, Liv. 5, 2 : people could not r. out- 
 side their houses, durari extra tecta non 
 poterat, id. 10, 46, ad init. : v. last, 
 ENDCKE. 7. rfisisto, stiti, j : v. HALT, 
 STOP. 8. mSror, i: v. stay, tarkv. 
 Phr. : to r. in the camp, castris sese 
 tenere, Caes. B. G. j, it; castra fovere, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 57 : to r. (idle) at Brini- 
 diisium, Jacere Brundusii.Cic. Att. 11,6: 
 to r. on an estate (from reluct^^ince to 
 proceed), se snstinere (in praedio), id. 
 lb. 10, 2 to r. in the country, continere 
 se ruri, Ter. Ph. 2, j, 17 : their counten- 
 ances r. fired on the rainle.''s clouds, 
 siccis vultus in nubibns haerent, Lucan 
 4, jji : he sits and tvill ever r. sitting. 
 eedet aetenuimque sedeblt, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 617 Viroughout the world there is 
 nothing ichich r.s. nihil est toto quod 
 perstet in orbe, Ov. M. i;, i',"] the 
 spoils of the iirmy nhich r.s dead on the 
 field of battle, spi.lia jacentis exercitus, 
 Liv. 44, 45: his expression of counten- 
 ance always r.'d the same, erat semper 
 idem vultus, Clc. Tusc. j, 15, }i : to 
 r. faithful to the old st'ile. antiquum 
 obtinere, Ter. Andr. 4, 5, 22 : I'l. : to r. 
 neutral, se In nullam partem movere, 
 
 Caes. B. C. 2. 17: quiescere, Cic. Att. 9, 
 10, ad fin. II, To be over, to be left 
 as a remainder: 1. resto. stiii, I 
 (constr. with ut or infin.) : he uhn hat 
 finished tuo-thirdsmtut necessarily have 
 a third r.ing, qui duas partes absolveiit 
 huicneces.se est r. tertlam.Cic i)(f. J, 2, 9: 
 presents, r.ing from the ravages of the 
 sea and the Jlames, dona pelago el flam- 
 mis restanila, Virg. Aen. i, 679: lucky 
 fellows '. now I (alone) r., felic-s! nunc 
 ego re.sto, Hor. S. I, 9, 28 : it r s fur ns 
 to consider of nhat nature they are, 
 restat ut quails eorum natura sit consi- 
 deremiis, Cic. N. I). 2, 17, 45 : it r.'d to 
 tell, restabat verba referre, Ov. M. I. 
 too. 2, siipiro. I : if one-tnelfth be 
 taken from fi ve-tuelfths, -nhatr.sr side 
 quincnnce remotaest unclaquid sur)erat? 
 Hor. A. P. J28 . nhat money r.'d, quod 
 superaret pecuniae, Cic. V'err. 5.84, 195: 
 nhat r.s for us to clear ourselves of f 
 quid .superat quod purgemus? Liv. 45. 
 24, init. 3. s&pfrsum, fui, esse : a 
 space of two days r.'d, hiduum supererat, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 2} : as fur nhat r.s, quod 
 superest, Clc. Att. 9, 19. ad fin. : non- it 
 r.s for me to tell, nunc superest inihi 
 dicere, Ov. K. }, 675: all that r. of the 
 army of Ilirtius. omnes qui supersint 
 de Hirtii exercitu, Pullio in Clc. Fam. 
 
 10. }}. 5: V. SURVIVE. 4. rSsideo, 
 scdi, 2 (to r. sittiny, r. beliind): it is 
 uncertain vhether she wanderetl from 
 the road or r.'d sitting from fatigue, 
 erravitne via sen la.s.'^a resedit incertum, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 759: Oie rest of the band 
 of ccnispirators n-ill r. in the state, le- 
 sidebit in republica reliqua coiijurato- 
 rum inanus. Cic. Cat. 1,5, 12: hope r.s 
 in your rcUour, residet spes in virtute 
 tua, Id. Fam. 12. J, wl fin. Phr.: it 
 r.s to vie with each other in our kind 
 offices, reliquum est ut offlciis certemus 
 inter nos, id. ib. 7, 51 : not even Vie chaff 
 r.'d. ne paleae quidem relinquebantur, 
 id. Verr. j, 48, 114: something will r. 
 from my sUnder income, ex meo tenui 
 "vectigall allquid redundabit, id. Par. 6, 
 
 J, ad init. 
 remainder : reilquum : v. best. 
 remaining (adj.): 1, rciiquus: 
 
 n'hat has he r. f quid est hulc reliqui ? 
 Cic. SuU. ji, 89: the sun is the chief of 
 the r. luminaries, sol est princeps reli- 
 quorum luminum, id Rep. 6,17: there 
 were vety few r. ; the rest were dis- 
 charged, frani perpauci reliqui, ceterique 
 dimlssi, id. Verr. 5, J4, 87 : to leave no- 
 thing r.. nihil reliqui facere. Sail. Cat. 
 
 11, ad fin.: to leave no opinion about 
 him r., nullam opinionem ejus r. faceie, 
 Cic. N. I). I, 12, 29. 2. r6siduus("Aat 
 is left; esp. ^s a sediment when all else 
 is drawn off) : the r. nnbles. residui no- 
 bilium, lac. A. 11, 2}: I desire that 
 there be no anxiety r.. cupio nullam r. 
 sollicitiidlnem esse, Cic. Kam. 10, 11. ;. 
 
 3. rfees. Tdis (the nom, sing, does 
 not occur; it usu. implies idleness, in- 
 activity : rare) ; to dread the r. plebeians 
 in Vie city, timire r. in urbe plebem, Liv 
 7, J2. 4 supeifluus (iA'it "/tic/i is /e/< 
 over and cUiove ; rare) : to restore the r. 
 produce, tructus s. restltuere, Papin. 
 Dig. ?6, I. 58, rxtr. 5, ceteri, alii : 
 v. rkst. 6. superstes, stitis: v. sub- 
 
 VIVING. 
 
 remains (p') •• reliquiae, /. jH. (in 
 nearly all senses of the Kiig.): the r. of 
 hisjorces. T. copiarum. Nep. Ihem. 5, i : 
 the r. of dinners, r. coenanmi, Cic. Kam. 
 9. 16, 8: the r. of r. (i. e. com., the very 
 smallest scraps), r. reliquiarum, I'l. L'uic. 
 J, 18: V. FBAGMKNTs: to carry his r. to 
 the tomb. r. lumulo inferre. Tac. A. j, 4: 
 V. A.sHh-s the scanty r. of the republic. 
 tenues reipubllcae r., Anct. I>om. ?6, 96 : 
 to mangle the r. of life, vitae r. lacerare. 
 Id. yuint. 15. 50 "v. RUINS, trace. 
 
 remake : retinco, ?: to r. their realms 
 of irax. cerea regna r., Vlrg. G. 4, 202 : 
 
 V. RKfRKATK, RENKW. 
 
 remand (f.): I. rgmitto, misi. 
 
 mlssum, J : V. SEND BACK, COUNTER- 
 MAND. II. T.t. inlaw: 1. amplio, 
 I : to r. o man. a. hominem. Auct. Her. 
 4, i6, 48 : the accuged not twice r.'d and 
 
 acquitted on his third appearanoe, bifl 
 ampUatus tertio absolutus reus, Liv. 
 4?, 2. 2. compSrendlno, i (to r. to 
 
 the third day) : to r. Vie accused, c. 
 reum, Clc. Verr. Act 2, 1, 9, 26 : v. ad- 
 journ. 
 
 remand (««6*). remanding: am- 
 
 pllaiio. Sen. ; compfrendinuiiu and com- 
 pCrendfnStus, us, both in Cic. : v. prectd. 
 art., and adjolb.smknt. 
 
 remark (v.) •• ohscrvo, i : v. oustavB. 
 
 remark (*"ft*)." observatio: v. ob- 
 skrvation, saving, note. 
 
 remarkable : 1. insignis (dittin- 
 guisheii by some peculiarity) : r. for 
 some neakness, i. debilliaie aiiqua, .^^uet 
 Cal. 26, ad fin. : a r. mirfmtnne, i. cala- 
 niitas, Caes. B. G. i, 12: a year r. for 
 two new magiitracies. annus i. duobus 
 riovls magistratibus, Liv. 7, 1, inil. .- 
 splendid and r. virtue, clara et i. virtus, 
 Cic. Am. 27, 102 : very r.. perinsignia. 
 Id. Leg. I, 19, 51. 2. insignitus (prop. 
 fPart. ; rare) : a more r. disgrace, iiislg- 
 nitlus flagitlum, Tac. A. ^. 51 : Cato. 
 3, mi^morabllis (northy of men- 
 tion): he 11 as a r. man. vir 111., Liv. j8, 
 5 ? : vety r. friendship, maxlme m. lumi- 
 liaritas, Cic. Am. 1,4:0 book if r. deedt 
 and sayings, lactorum et dicturum m©- 
 niorabilium liber, Val. Max. title. 4. 
 commeni6rabilis (stronger than preced.); 
 many other r. things, multa alia c, Clc. 
 N. 0. 2, 52, iji : v. uemorablr. 5. 
 nOtabilis (noteu-orthy) : a r. death, a. 
 exitus, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 5: great and r. 
 eloquence, magna et n. eloquentia, Tac. 
 Or. 40 : an uncommon and r. circum- 
 stance, rara et n. res, Plin. Kp. 7, 6, init. 
 6. conspicuus : v. illustrious. 7. 
 siiigularis: v. singular. 8. mims: 
 v. WONDHRFUL. 9. egrggiub v. UN- 
 
 coMJioN. Phr.: nothing r. u<as done, 
 nihil dignum memoria actum est, Liv. 2, 
 19, cui init. : Clc. : r. doings and sayings, 
 facta et dicta memoratudigna, Val. Max. 
 praef., init. : every year was r.for deaths, 
 omnis annus funeribus insigniretur, Tac. 
 Agr. 41: lie composed accurately which 
 nas all the more r. seeing he was no 
 orator, scriptitavit accurate, quum prae- 
 sertim non esset orator, Cic. Brut. 77, 
 
 2^7^ 
 
 remarkably : 1. la^gnitor : to 
 love one's friends r., amicos i. dlligere, 
 Cic. Part. Or. 21, 80. 2. insignite: r. 
 wickeil, i. improbus. Cic. Quint. 2J. 7J. 
 3, oft. e.xpr. by vfrv, or by per; 
 as. r. diligent, perdillgens. 4. slngiJ- 
 lariter- v. singularly. 5. mire: v. 
 wiiNDF.RFULLY-. g. egrf gie : v. UN- 
 
 COMMONLV. 
 
 remediable: saniit.ilis: v.cubablb. 
 remedial : mSdicabiiis, CoL : r6- 
 mfdialii, .Macr. • v. hkai.ing. 
 
 remediless : insanabius : v. w- 
 curable. 
 
 remedy (subs): 1. renifdium: 
 not a vioUnt but a pin^irjul r.. non 
 praeceps snl strenuum r.. Curt. }, 6. 2 : 
 a quick r.. praesentaneum r., Plin. 21, 
 }f , 105 : a most i^fficacious r.. , praesen- 
 tissimum r. Col. (>. 14, ad init.: a r. 
 against cold, r. frigoris. Curt. 8. 4. 11 : 
 a r.for the throat, r. ad fames. SueL 
 Ner."?;, ad fin. : to cure by oppofHe r.t 
 (= allopath'ically). coiilrarils reniedilB 
 sanare, Cels. }, 9: to be a r.. esse re- 
 medio (also in nom. and gen.), Plin., 
 passim: Fig.: a sharp r, acre r., Cic. 
 Clu. 24, 67 : on active r., r. diligens. Sen. 
 Kp. 95, 14 ■ an extreme r., r. e.xtremum. 
 Id. 29. ? . a r. arising from nar. r. ex 
 bello, Tac. A. 4. 72 ; ".'<> j'Tvci.re r.s fur 
 making pain enduraJile. r. coniparare 
 ad tolerandum dolnrem. Cic Tusc. 5. 26 
 74 : to find rs for his poisonous devices 
 veneficiis r. Invenire. id. PhiL i ?. II, 1$ 
 to applii r.s to the disrates of the mind, 
 T. morbls aniniorum adhlbere. Id. lust. 
 4, 27, 58 : to use philosi'phy as a r.. phi- 
 losophiam in r. suum exorcere. Sin. Kp. 
 Ill, 2: r-t are of no avail ujdess they 
 are }iersei,reii in, r. non prosiint nisi 
 Imniorantur. id. ib. 40, 4. 2. mf-dici- 
 mentum (a *«aJin<7 dru<7): to give a r, 
 m. dare. <lc. Off. ;, 2^.92. Fig. a r.for 
 grief, m. doloris. Id. Fin. 1, 7, 22: a uni- 
 667
 
 REMEDY 
 
 REMEMBRANCE 
 
 REMISSIVE 
 
 versal r. (panacea), panchrestum m., id. 
 Verr. j, 65, 152. 3. mgdicamen, Tnis, 
 n. (same as prec^d. : Jig. only in poet.}: 
 violent rs, violenta m., Cic. Pis. 6. ij 
 (al. vinolenta): to appb/ strm^g r.s to 
 an angry uomaii, Iralae m. fortia prae- 
 bere, Ov. A. A. 2, 489. 4. mgdiclna 
 {healing ; hence, that uhick heals) : 
 to apply a r., m. adhibere, Cic. Alt. 16. 
 I ;, post med. Fig.: a standing r. for 
 grief, m. perpetun doloris, id. Fam. 5, 15, 
 4: Ov. 5. nigdela : lo apply a r. to 
 (me's wounds, ni. adhihere vulneribus, 
 App. M. 8, p. 210. Fig.: tiie r.s pro- 
 vid£d by the laws, m. Ifgum, Gell. 20, i. 
 6. auxilium (a help): to be a r., 
 auxilio esse, Plin. 26, 12, 78 : it is better 
 to try a doubtful r. than none, satius 
 anceps a. e.xperiri quara nullum, Cels. 2, 
 10. 7. pra"sTdiuni (a protection) : it 
 is a r.for ear-diseases, aurium morbis p. 
 est, Plin. 22, 22,44. 8. praesentaneum 
 (a ?•. tliat operates at once) : Plin. jo, 9, 
 2? $ '')■ 9. rt'gressus, us (o legal r.): 
 to have no r. against the vendor, nullum 
 adversus venditorem habere r.. Pomp. 
 Dig. 21, 2, J4. 10. lenimentum : v. 
 RELIEF, ALLEVIATION. P h r. : kinds of 
 herbs which are a r. for the bites of 
 beasts, genera herbaruni ad niorsus bes- 
 tiaruni, Cic. Div. i, 7, ij : Caes.: Plin. : 
 it is a r. for strangury, facit ad diffi- 
 cnltatem urinae, id. 22, 18, 21: the seed 
 is a r.for serpeiits' stings, semen contra 
 serpentes valet, id. 22, 22, 35 ; so, au.x- 
 iliatur contra serpentes, id. 21, 19, ']'} : 
 it is a r. far the dropsical, bydropicis 
 prodest, id. 21, 19, 78: it is a most effi- 
 cacious r. for the sting of ivasps, prae- 
 sentissimum est contra ictus vesparum, 
 id. 21, 20, 86 (v. efficacious): his dis- 
 order increases n'ith the r., aegrescit 
 medendo. Virg. Aen. 12, ift: I do not 
 appro reof h is r.s, curationes non probo, 
 Cic. Faiu. 16, 4. I : no r. is more im- 
 portant for the state, nulla salus reipub- 
 licae major est, id. Div. in Caecil. 
 21, 71. 
 remedy ("•).• I. Lit.: sano, i: 
 
 V. CUBE, HEAL, and preced. art. ||. 
 
 Fig.: 1. medeor, 2 (conslr. with 
 
 dat. ; rarely acc.)t to r. an evil, malo 
 m. (joined to sanare), Cic. Agr. i, 9, 26 
 to r. the deficiency of corn, m. rei tru- 
 mentariae inopiae, Caes. B. G. 5, 24 : 
 they must r. it by law, medeiidum est 
 lege, Tac. A. 4, 16 : tor. mie's desires, m. 
 cupiditates, Ter. Ph. 5,4,?. 2. occurro, 
 curri, cursum, j (to counteract : with 
 dat.) ; variety r.s ennui, varietas oc- 
 currlt satietati, Cic. Or. 52, 174: to r. 
 fxith evils, utriqae rei o., Nep. Pelop. 1,1: 
 V. COUNTERACT. 3, sano, I (to cure) : 
 to r. an inamvenience, s. incommodum, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 29: Cic. 4. corriigo, 
 rexi, rectum, j : v. correct. 5. 
 
 more freq. expr. by phr. with reme- 
 dium : to try to r. ihe delay, r. quaerere 
 ad earn moram, Cic. Clu. 9, 27 : when 
 vices become habits there is no chance of 
 r.ing them, ubi quae fuerant vitia mores 
 sunt desinit esse remedio locus, Sen. Kp. 
 J9, extr. Phr.: to r. the barrenness of 
 the soil, obviam ire infecunditati terra- 
 rum, Tac. A. 4, 6. 
 
 remelt : recOquo, xi, ctum. J : to r. 
 iron, lerrum r., Flor. }, 20, 6 : Virg. : 
 PUn. 
 
 remember: 1. memini, isse, de- 
 fect, (constr. with gen., ace. of person or 
 thing, de, a rei. clause, subj., ace. and 
 infin. : V. I,at. Gr. $ 278) : for I r., I r., 
 nor shall I ever forget that night, me- 
 mini enim, memini, neque unquam obli- 
 viscar noctis illius, Cic. Plane. 42, 101 : 
 to r. the living, va. vivorum, id. Fin. 5, 
 
 1, } : to r. cdl things, m. onmia, id. Acad. 
 
 2, ? J, 106 : to )■. my actions, m. actionum. 
 Id. Fam. i, 9, 8 : whom you r. udl. quem 
 tu probe meministi, id. de Or. ;, 50, 194 : 
 you r. how great nas men's wonder, 
 meministi, quanta esset hominum ad- 
 miratio, id. Am. i, 2: I r. that he 
 ansivered me, ilium mihi respondere 
 m., id. de Or. 2, 71.297: to r. well, 
 memoriter m., PI. Capt. 2, i, extr.: I r. 
 a book being tjrought to you, m. librum 
 Ubi afferri, Cic. Att. 8, 11, ad fin.: often, 
 
 668 
 
 / r., when little I used to anoint my eyes 
 u-ith olive-oil, saepe oculos, memini, tan- 
 gebam parvus olivo, Pers. ?, 44 : r. to 
 dnnmi your melancholy in wine, finire 
 memento tristitiam vino, Hor. Od. i, 7, 
 17: v. TAKE CAKE. 2, commemini 
 (r. thoroughly) : whom he said he r.'d 
 quite uell, quem probe se c. aiebat, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 5 J, 227 : / r. it better beeause I 
 had no dinner that day, hoc c. niagis 
 I quia illo die impransus lui, PI. Aniph. 
 I, I, 98. 3. rememini (very rare) : 
 Tert. 4. recordor, i (to think over, 
 call to mind ; constr. with ace, some- 
 times de or gen.) : to r. the common for- 
 tune of war, communes belli ca.sus r., 
 Caes. B. C. J, 72 : / should like to know 
 if you r anything about iiourself, velim 
 scire, ecquid de te recorder^, Cic. 'I'usc. 
 I, 6, ij: to r. the very earliest days of 
 childhood, pueritiae memoriam r. ulti- 
 mam, id. Arch. 1. i : to r. mte's crimes, 
 r. flagitiorum, id. Pis. 6, 12 : I r. he pre- 
 ferred Demostheni'S to all, recordor om- 
 nibus anteferre Demosthenem, Cic. Or. 
 7, 2;. 5. rgminiscor, j (to call to 
 mind ; constr. w ith gen., ace, ucc. and 
 inf. or absol.) : to r. his old renown, r. 
 veteris famae, Nep. Phoc. 4, i : Caes. : 
 r. what is taught in the mysteries, re- 
 niiniscere quae traduntur mysteriis, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 1 1, 29 : Ae r.s that it is decreed 
 by fate, esse in fatis reminiscitur, Ov. M. 
 I. 2;6. 6. repeto, ivi, and ii, Itum, } 
 (to recollect ; e-ip. freq. with menioria or 
 memoriam): as far back as I can r., 
 quantum memoria r. praeterita possum, 
 Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 2 : r. that time, repete 
 illius temporis memoriam, id. Deiot. 7, 
 20 : to r. injunctions, r. praecepta, id. 
 Q. Fr. I, 2, 2 ^ 7 : vhen I r. the night, 
 cum repeto noctem,Ov. Tr. i, j, j. 7. 
 recognosco, gnovi, gnitum. ? (to know 
 again, recall to mirui ; esp. of acquaint- 
 ances) : prithee, r. that night, recognosce 
 tandem illam noctem, Cic. Cat. I, 4, 8: 
 when I perfectly r.'d you, cum te peni- 
 lus recognovi, id. Deiot. 2, 4 ; Ov. (For 
 the precise force of the word see Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 24, 57. non discere sed remini- 
 scendo recognoscere.) 8. commemoro, 
 I (rare) : each day I r. in the evening 
 what I have done, quid quoque die ege- 
 rim commemoro vesperi, Cic. Sen. 11, 
 j8. Phr.: (i.) with memoria: to r., in 
 memoria habere, Ter. Andr. i, i, ij ; 
 memoria complecti, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 
 12, J9 ; memoria comprehendere, id. 
 de Or. I, 34, i;4; memoria retinere, id. 
 Manil. 7, 19 ; memoria tenere, id. Lig. 
 12, J5 (q. V.) : [ r. many of those poems, 
 multa tcarmina) ex iis memoria teneo, 
 id. N. D. 2, 41, 104 : as I r., ut mea me- 
 moria est, id. Att. ij, ji, ad fin. : v. 
 siEMORT. (ii.) to r. everything, memori- 
 ter tenere omnia, PI. Ep. 6, }}, ad fin. : 
 r. always this precept, hoc tibi dictum 
 toUe memor, Hor. A. P. 368 : to r. well, 
 memorl reprehendere mente, Lucr. ), 
 8';7. (iii.) In letters : r. me to my friend 
 Tiro, Tironem meum saluta nostris ver- 
 bis, Cic. Fam. 7, 29, extr. : v. salute. 
 
 remembrance: 1. recordatio: a 
 
 pleasant r., grata r., Cic. Plane. Jj, 81 : 
 to enjoy the r. of friendship, recorda- 
 tfione amicitiae frui, id. Am. 4. 1;: the 
 r. of a bygone event, veteris memoriae 
 r., id. de Or. i, 2, 4: the tranquil r. of 
 past suffering affords pleasure, babet 
 praeteriti doloris secura r. deleciationem, 
 id. Fam. 5, 12, 4. Join: memoria et r., 
 id. Brut. 2, 9. 2. memoria (strictly, 
 the faculty of memory, but oft. used 
 for r.) : to perpetuate the r., m. prodere, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 13, extr.: he lives arid 
 will live in the r. of every age, vivit, 
 vivetque per omnium seculornm n;emo- 
 riam. Veil. 2, 66, 5 within the r. <f 
 man, post hominum memoriam, Cic. 
 Cat. I, 7, 16: it often happened both 
 within the r. of our forefathers and our 
 own, persaepe et nostra et patrum me- 
 moria accidit. id. Fontei. 7, ij. 3. 
 comm6m6ratio (a reminding, calling to 
 mind) : the r. of our name, c. nominis 
 nostri, Qc. Arch. 11. 29. 4. retinen- 
 tia: Lucr. j, 67J; (ib. }. 849, where al. 
 repetentia). Ph r. : to hold kindnesses in 
 
 (irateful r., beneficia meminisse, Cic 
 Plane. J 5, 80 : the r. grows faint and 
 dim. meminisse jacet languetque sopore, 
 Lucr. 4, 76J. 
 remembrancer : monitor (ivho puts 
 
 one in mind): Cic. Div. in Caecil. 16, 
 
 52: v. MONITOR, prompter. 
 
 remind : 1. moneo, 2 (constr. with 
 the direct obj. in ace, or nom. in pass., 
 indirect in ace. if a nent. prvn. or adj. ; 
 otherwise in gen., or dependent on de; 
 also with occ. and inf.; cf. Lat. Gr. 
 $ 278: to put in mind, warn: N.B. — 
 Avoid the constr. with the snbj., which 
 denotes to admfmish) : lo r. the soldiers 
 of the crisis and emergency, m. milites 
 temporis et necessiindinis, Tac. A. i, 
 67 : the very thing of which you r. me, 
 id ipsum quod me mones, Cic. Att. 14, 
 19, ad init. : according to your instruc- 
 tions he r.'d me tluit there n as need of 
 a stronger force in that province, me ex 
 tuis mandatis monuit praesidio lirmiore 
 opus esse ad istam provinoiam, id. Fam. 
 3, J, I : to r. any one about the inU, m. 
 aliquem de testamento, id. Att. 11, 16, 
 ad fin. 2. admoneo, 2 (constr. lilce 
 the preced. : to r., esp. of past events, 
 whilst moneo refers more freq. to the 
 future) : to r. in a friendly nay, a. 
 amice, Cic. N. D. I, j, 5 : he r.'d one of 
 his neediness, another of his ruling pas- 
 sion, admonebat alium egestatis, alium 
 cupiditatis suae. Sail. Cat. 21 : tor. 
 persons {of a debt), homines a., Cic. 
 Quint. 12, 40 : / wish you to be r.'d of 
 that, illud te esse admonitum volo, id. 
 Coel. J, 8: to r. me about the gardens, 
 de hortis me a., id. Q. Fr. ?, i, 4$ 14: 
 to r. {the hearers) what you have said, 
 and in trhat order you have said it, 
 quid et quo quidque loco dixeris a., id. 
 inv. I, 52, 99. 3. comnioneo, 2 (constr. 
 like moneo) : it is suffuient to r. us, c. 
 nos satis est, Cic. Fin. j, i , 3 : tor. iiou 
 of tfiat marriage of his, c. te ejus ma- 
 trimonii, Auct. Her. 4, ^;, 44: tor. of a, 
 danger, c. de periculo, Qc. Part. Or. 27, 
 96. 4. commonefacio, feci, factum, j 
 (to put in remembrance : pass, is formed 
 with fio) : to r. one again and again, 
 etiam atque etiam c. aliquem, Cic. Fam. 
 I J, 72 : to r. Vie soldiers of his favours, 
 c. (milites) beneficii sui, SalL Jug. 49: 
 he r.'d him of what was said, commone- 
 fecit quae sint dicta, Caes. B. G. I, 19: 
 there is no one who is not r.'d of your 
 wickedness by that oration, nemo est 
 quin tui sceleris ex ilia oratione com- 
 monefiat, Cic. Verr. 5. 4;, 112. 5. 
 commemSro, i : the benefactor ought 
 not to be the person to r. men of his bene- 
 fits, is uon debet c. beneficia qui contu- 
 lit, Cic. Am. 20, 71 : Liv. 6. mfimOro, 
 I (rare) : to r. him of his friendship and 
 alliame, m. amicitiam et foedus, Tac. A. 
 2, 58. Phr.: the mention of Autronitis 
 would have r.'d one of Sulla, Autronii 
 commemoratio memoriam Sullae retn- 
 lisset, Cic. SuU. ij, J7 : of which those 
 little gardens r. me, cujiis illi hortuU 
 memoriam afferunt, id. Fin. ?, i, 2 : to 
 r. one of anything, reducere (aliquid) in 
 memoriam, id. Inv. i, 52, 98 : carve on 
 the tomb a mournful inscrijitic/n that 
 ivill r. men of me, nostri memorem 
 sepulcro scalpe querelam, Hor. Od. }, 
 11,51. 
 
 reminiscence : rgcordatio : / avoid 
 
 r.s, V. fugio, Cic. Att. 12, 18, init.: I'latO 
 maintains that it is a r. cif our former 
 life, Plato r. esse vult superioris vitae, 
 
 ill. Tusc. I, 24, 57 : v. REMEMBRAKCE. 
 
 The Platonic ava/nnjeri?, trans, recorda- 
 tio by Cic, is rendered by reminiscentiae 
 in Ten. Anim. 2 J. 
 remiss : negligens : V. slack, keglio 
 
 GENT. 
 
 remission : 1. rgmissio : the r. of 
 
 the Jenr, r. febris. Suet. Tib. 7}; the r. 
 of the tribute for three years, r. trlbuti 
 in triennium, Tac. A. 4, i j : forgiveness 
 is the r.of a deserved punishment, venia 
 est meritae poenae r.. Sen. Clem. 2, 7, 1 : 
 Cic. 2. vgnia: v. forgiveness. 
 
 remissive: C-e. taken in a weak' 
 ened signification) : rgmissivns : Prisc. 
 1021 P.
 
 REMISSLY 
 
 REMOVAL 
 
 REMOVE 
 
 remissly : negUgcnter : v. necli- 
 
 OENTLV. 
 
 remissness : negiigemia : v. neglt- 
 
 GENCK. 
 
 remit ; A. T r a n s. : (.1^11.: 
 rSmitto, misi, mlssum, ? : v. sknd back. 
 II. ?'" ff'"* up. coticeiie : 1, rgniitto, 
 misi, missum, j : lor. a punishment, r. 
 poinam, Liv. 8, ;;, ad itiit.: to r. an 
 impost, r. stipcndimn. Caes. B. G. I, 44: 
 to r. a fine. r. milium, Clc. I'liil. 11. 8, 
 18 to r.nothinfi of his usual luxwy, 
 nihil e sollto liixu r., Tac. H. j, 55. 2. 
 dono, I (to mate o present of) : to r. 
 a year's house-rent to the tenants, mer- 
 c<>des habitationum annuas coiiduciori- 
 bus d.. Caps. B. C. }, 21. 3. eondono, 
 I (to condone) : to r. monry due to the 
 creditors, c. peomiias dftiitis croditori- 
 bu9, Cic. OB. 2, 22, ;&: v. FfiWJivK. 
 Phr. : to r. the tribute, diniiitere tri- 
 buta (aliciii), Tac. H. j, ;;: tor. nine- 
 tenths of tliefine,delrd\wTe mill tac pjirlcs 
 novem, Nep. Timoth. 4, i : to r. a third 
 of the sum dw.friim the tax-farmers, re- 
 levare publicanos tenia mercedum parte. 
 Suet. Caes. 20. |||. 7V) send (money, 
 et«.) : mitto, misi, niissum, j : v. send, 
 TRANSMIT. IV. Tn refer for consider- 
 ation: rgfgro, rfiiuli (retitili), rfiliiium, 
 {-. V. EF.FEK, B. In trans.: rfilaxo, 
 
 I : V. ABATE, HEI,AX. 
 
 remittance : pecunia may be used 
 to expr. this : o day on which a r. is 
 due, dies pecuniae, after Cic. Att. 10, 5. 
 
 remittent: rtcUlvus (recurring) ■. a 
 T. fever, r. febris, Cels. }, 4, p>st nied. : 
 V. INTERMITTENT : o r. spri'ig, fons qui 
 (statis auctibug ac di'inlniitiiiriibus)cres- 
 cit decrescitque, Pliti. Ep. 4, jo, ad init. 
 
 remnant : reliquiae ; v. remains, 
 
 REST. 
 
 remodel : 1. recCquo, xi, ctum, ? 
 (to remouhl. remelt) : to gir^ oneself vp 
 to anybody to Ik moulded and as it vere 
 T.'d, se formandum ac veluti recoquen- 
 dum dare alicui, Quint. 12, 6, 7 : Hor. S. 
 2. 5, 55- 2. reformo, i : until he r.s 
 himself into his original shape, dum quod 
 (uit ante reformet, Ov. M. 11, 254. 3. 
 transflguro, i (to change into another 
 shape) : T. TRANSFORM. 4. rCtriicto, 
 
 I : V. REVISE. 
 
 remonstrance: no exact equiv. : 
 nearest perh. rSclilniatio (a cry of dis- 
 approbatiim) : Cic. I'liil. 4, 2, $ : some- 
 times expr. by objurgatio, or admoniilo, 
 or monitio : admonitio is " lenior objur- 
 gatio," Id. de Or. 2, 8}, jjg: monitio 
 (ace. to Fest.) is "ante commissum," 
 objurgatio " post factum." 
 
 Remonstrant : •Arminianus (Kr.). 
 
 remonstrate : nearest word perh. 
 rgclamo, i : the consuls r.ing, reclanian- 
 tibus consuiibus, LIv. j, 21 : to r. urith 
 him, touching his promises, ejus promis- 
 sis reclamare, Cic. I'hil. ;, 8, 22 : also 
 expr. by objurgo, i (to reprove for what 
 hoi been done): to r. with him for pay- 
 ing so little attention to his henllh, o. 
 quod parum valetudini parceret, id. Fam. 
 II, 27, I : or by tendere (contra, adver- 
 8U.s) : when he produced no efect on his 
 allies by r.ing, quuin adversus teiidcndo 
 nihil moveret socios, Liv. 54, J4, cui init. 
 
 remora: fichinels, idis, /. (or echi- 
 nais) ; also remora (but some read mora), 
 Plin. J2, I, I : *echineis remora, Linn. 
 
 remorse: no single equlv.: thephrr. 
 used are, angor conseientiae, fraudis cru- 
 ciatus (r.for a crime), Cic. Leg. i, 14, 40 
 (q. V.) : immediately alter he speaks more 
 indef. of sollicitudo, dolor : sometimes 
 conscientia (gudty Icnon ledge) is used in 
 a somewhat similar sense : r.for crimes, 
 c. scelerum, Cic. Pis. 19, 44: r.for ynur 
 rvil deeds t"rments yo 1, (e consi ieiitlae 
 slimulantmaleficiorum tuorum,ld.Piirad. 
 2, ad fin. : it is better to suffer ttn pangs 
 of r., melius est morderi conscientia, id. 
 Tusc. 4, 20, 4; : stung try r.. conscietitia 
 ictus, Liv. }}. 28, ad fin. : the metaph. 
 may also be preserved by rfimordeo, no 
 perf., morsum (to bite buck), 2: but if 
 you feel r. tor the loss of liberty, sin liber- 
 tatis desideriura remordet animos, Liv. 
 Z, ^ od, init. (<f. morsus intermissae 
 Ubertatis, Cic Off. 2, 7. 24) ■ ^^^n per- 
 
 chance the guiUii soul is stung by its aim 
 r, cum conscius Ipse animus se forte re- 
 mordet, Llicr. 4, 1 127. 
 
 remorseless : immiserlcors, ordis : 
 V. i>rrn,h>s. 
 
 remote: I. '''t = 1. rgmotus: 
 a dneUing-place r. from. the. Germans, 
 sedes r. a Germanis, Caes. B. G. i. Ji. 
 ad fin. : the r. Britons, r. Britanni, Hor. 
 Od. 4, 14, 47 ; r. and lonel't regions, r. et 
 avia, Tac. Agr. 19. 2. amotus: a spot 
 r. from the public gaze, a. a conspectu 
 locus, Liv. 25, 16, cui med. 3. semotus 
 (serpiestereM.) : a spot r. from the soldiers, 
 s. a militibus locus, Caes. B. C. i, 84: 
 Hor. 4. longiiiquus: r. nations, I. 
 nationes, Caes. B. G. ',, 77, ad fin. : v. 
 l>i.*TANT. 5. disjunctus (severed) : 
 
 Aelolia, far r. from barbarous races, 
 Aetolia procul a baibarls d. gentlbus, 
 Cic. Pis. ;t, gi. 6. ultimus (_/a>-^/ie«<, 
 rerii r.) • the renuitest aidiquity, u. anti- 
 quita.s, Cic. Fill. I, 20, 65: tlie very r. 
 liritons,\i. Britflniii,Calul. 11, 11. Phr.: 
 a vail more r. from the sea, retractior 
 a mari murus, Liv. 54, 9 : I'jt the secret 
 and r. recesses of the temple, in occullls 
 et reconditis templi, Caes. B. C. 3, 10;: 
 to try the r. shores, terras tentare re- 
 posttis, Virg. Aen. }, J64 : the remoter 
 parts of Germani/, secretiora Germanlae, 
 Tac. G. 41. ||. Fig. : 1. r6moiiis: 
 the hius of nature, which are more r. 
 from, the commmi understanding, jura 
 naturae a vulgari intelligentia remotiora, 
 Cic. In v. 2, 22. 67: r. from all vice, r. 
 ab omni vitio, Hor. A. P. J84. 2. ''is- 
 juncttis {distinct from) : nothing is more 
 r.from that conception, nihil ab ea cogi- 
 tatlone disjunctius, Cic. Acad. 2, 20, 66. 
 
 3. alienus: v. foreign. Phr.: an 
 em/itirm (;/" the mind r. from any feeling 
 of fear, animi affectio procul ab omul 
 me'tu, Cic. Tusc. ;, 14. 41 : very r. Jrom 
 the true reason, a vera longe ratione re- 
 pulsum, Lucr. i, 880. 
 
 remoteness : 1. longinquitas : on 
 account of the r. of my positiori all neics 
 comes very slowly, propter longinquita- 
 tem tardissime omnia perferuntur, Cic. 
 Fam. 2, 9, I. 2. (iisiantia (in Cic. it 
 means difference) : Plin. : v. distance. 
 
 remotely : \. Ata distance : 1, 
 remote: Cic. N. I), i, }i, 87. 2. prO- 
 cul : V. far. II. In a trifling degree : 
 
 Ifiviter : V. SLIGHTLY. 
 
 remould : 1. rgformo, i : to r. 
 into another shape, in alienam personam 
 r., App. M. II, p. z-ji.adfin. (said of a 
 magical transformation) : Ov. 2. rt- 
 coquo, xi, ctum, j (in fig. sense) : Hor. S. 
 2, 5, ?5 : V. remodel. 
 
 removal : I. The act of removing : 
 
 1. remotio : the r. of a guardian, 
 r. tutoris, Ulp. l>ig. 26, 10, 4 ; the r. of 
 an accusation, r. criminis, Cic. Inv. 2, 
 29, 86. 2. amotio (rare): tite r. of 
 pain, a. doloris, Cic. Fin. I, II, J7. 3. 
 motio (rare in this sense) : r. from one's 
 ronA:, ab ordine motio, Ulp. Dig. 47, 20, j. 
 
 4. detraclio (a drauing off) : the r. 
 of blood, d. sanguinis, Cels. 4, 4 (6), 2 : 
 the r. of a passage, d. loci, Cic. Att. 1 2, 
 J5: tlie r. of discomfoit, d. molestiae, id. 
 Fin. I, II. J7. 5. depulsio (a driving 
 avuy): the r. of pain, d. doloris, Clc. 
 Kin. 5, 7, 17 the r. of bondage, d. ser- 
 vitutis. id Phil. 8. 4, 12. 6. amolitio 
 (very rare): the r. of on injant (from 
 its mother), a. iiifantis, Gell. 12, l.ati fin. 
 
 7. deportatio (a carrying an ay) : 
 at each r.. In singulas deportationes, 
 Cato R. R. 144, }. 8. amandutio (a 
 sending away): Clc: v. hamshment. 
 
 II, J going away: 1. migratlo 
 (o changing one's habitation): this r. 
 is wretched and shameful for us, liaec 
 migratio nobis miscra ac turpis, LIv. 5, 
 5J : death is a r. to those regions, m. est 
 mors in eas oras, Cic. Tusc. i. 41, 98. 
 
 2. emlgriitio : the r. of the inha- 
 bitants, e. inquilinorum, Ulp. Dig. 19, 2, 
 28. 3. commipratio (a shifting about) : 
 a r. from one place to another, aliunde 
 alio c. Sen. Cons. Helv. 6, 7. 4. <16- 
 migratio: Nep. Milt. 1, 2 : v. EMioaA- 
 tion. 5. discessus, Qs: v. departure. 
 
 remove (subs.): |. Removal: v. 
 
 preted. art. ||. Step: gridus, tig: t 
 DECREE. III. A duh at tattle: perh. 
 
 ferciiluin : v. cx>ubse. 
 
 remove (»') : |. T r a n s. : L 
 rSmOveo. movi, mStum, 2 : tor. the 
 horses out of sight, r. equos e ojnsp<-clu, 
 Cae^ U. G. I, 25: to r. the garrisom 
 Jrom those places, r. prac-sidia ex iig 
 locis, Cic. Fam. 16, 12, }: to r. sleep, r. 
 soporem, Ov. .M. 6, 49}: to r.from a 
 tribe, r. tribu, Liv. 4;, 15 : to r. the most 
 trivial pnmts from a iptech. i-a quae 
 levisslma sunt, ex oratione r., Clc. de Or. 
 2, 76, 509. 2. iimoveo, 2 (nuice tjuite 
 away) : r. that spendthrijl from tluxt 
 place, nebulont-m ilium ex Istis lociu 
 amove, Cic. Att. i, 12; to r. a <juatsti/r 
 fri/m his office, a. quaestorem a procura- 
 lione, Auct. Har. K<-sp. 20, 4} : Liv. 3, 
 dCmSveo, 2 (displwe, yet rid of) : to r. 
 .•<ilonus from the province of Syria, d. 
 Silanitm Syria, Tac. A. 2. 4 1 : to r. hatred 
 frinn us and ours, d. odium a nobis ac 
 nostris, Cic. de Or. 2, 5 1 . 208. J o I d : d. 
 et depellere. Id. Caeiin. n, 49. 4, 
 emoveo, 2 (to fjerl): to r. the multitude 
 from the forum, e. niultitudinem e foro, 
 Liv. 25, I, cul fin. : to r. certain persimt 
 from the senale,^. aliquos senatu, iil. 4?, 
 15 : to r. anxiety by rme^s vords, e. curas 
 dictis, Virg. A^n. 6, 582. 5. submOveo, 
 2 (esp. of dispersing a croud, obstacles, 
 etc.): to r. a mob, s. turbam, Liv. 1, 48: 
 to r. any one from the city, s. aliquem 
 urbe, Suet. Aug. 45, ad fin. : to r. any 
 one from a post in tlie state, s. allqucm 
 administratione roipublicae, id. Caes. 16: 
 Cic. 6. semOveo, 2 (put aside, send 
 away, separate from) : he mutt be r.d 
 from that school of philosophy, ah ea 
 disciplina semovendus est, Cic Acad, i, 
 9, 54. 7. commoveo, 2 (by violent 
 means) : to r. the pillars, c. columnas, 
 Cic. V'err. i, 5;, 145 : Liv. g. nioveo, 
 2 : esp. in phr., to r.from a triiie, tribu 
 movere, Cic. de Or. 2, 67,272: ail things 
 xvhich could be r.d (mtnieablrjf), om- 
 nia quae moveri poterant, Nep. Ih^m. 
 2, 8: Cic: V. 510VE. 9. iimolior, 4 
 (to r. \i-ith difficulty) : to r. the ohstades 
 presented by the woods, a. obsianiia sil- 
 varum, Tac. A. i, 50: PI. 10. trans- 
 tcro, tiili, latum, j (to r.from one place 
 tn another) : he r.d his camp a little be- 
 yond that spot, pauUo ultra eiim locum 
 castra transtulit, Caes. B. C. j, 66: to r. 
 one's paltry furniture (from afire), Irl- 
 vola t., Juv. J, 198. 11. lollo, sus- 
 tfili, sublatum, j : v. take away. 12. 
 dCporto, I ; v. carry away. 13. de- 
 pello, puli, pulsimi, } : v. drive away. 
 14. amando, I : v. s^'Daway. 15. 
 aliduco, xi, ctum, j: v. bring away. 
 Phr.: to r. our goods, nostra refigere 
 deportareque, Curius in Cic. Fam. 7, 29: 
 to r. mounla itts from their place, niontea 
 sua sede raoliri, Liv. 9, j, O'l init.: to r. 
 his standard to the left wing, signa in 
 laevum coruu conferre, id. 7, 15 : to r. a 
 smell, nidorem sanare, I'Un. 12, 17.40: 
 to r. a man out 0/ one's uay (i. e. assas- 
 sinate him), homiiiem de medio tollere, 
 Cic. Rose. Am. 7, 20; to r. a man from 
 his oj^ice, abrogare magistralum alicui. 
 Id. Verr. 2, 57, 140 : to lessen and r. u^tat 
 is grievous, molestias extenuare et di- 
 luere, id. Tusc. j, 16, 14: tor. all marks 
 of disgrace, allevare notas. Tuc. Hi^t. i, 
 52 : to ) . a sense of injury by compli- 
 mentary expressions, honnrlficis verbis 
 injurias revellere. Cic Alt. 5, 20. aii init. 
 II. In trans.: 1. migro, i: he 
 had already r.J, jam ante inigraiat, i:;ic 
 Verr. 2, }6, 89: the needy Ronums ought 
 Uing ago to have r.d, debueraiil ollm 
 t<'niies migrayse Quirites, Juv. j, i6| : 
 their relatives often rA to Home, Komam 
 frequenter migratum est a propinquis, 
 Liv. I, II. 2. transmigru, 1 ^rare) : 
 a city to vhicli we may r., urlK quo 
 transmigremus, Liv. ;. 54; to r. Jn/m, 
 the Carinae to tlie gardens mt the i^squi- 
 line, !• Carinls F^tiuillas in hortos l.. SueL 
 Tib. 15. 3 fmlgro, I : to r.from that 
 house, e. ex Ilia domo, Cic. Verr. 5, II, 
 JO : PI. 4. commigro, I (prop, to r. 
 in a body, or "iih all one's effects) : ke 
 r.d to Home, Komam commlgravit, Liv. 
 669
 
 REMUNERA TE 
 
 RENEW 
 
 RENT 
 
 I, J4, ad init. : you will r. into your 
 oivn house, in tuam (sc. domuDi) com- 
 migrabis, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, j, 7. 5. de- 
 migro, i: v. go away, depart. 6. 
 expr. by a verb and re/I. pron. : movere 
 Be, Liv. 54, 20; removere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 
 16 ; commovere, Cic. Fam. 9, 5 : tbnse 
 are foil, like tbe preced. verbs by the 
 abl. with or without e, and the ace. of 
 the place to nhich the person r.s : some- 
 times also amovere .se, v. ketike, with- 
 draw. 
 remunerate : rSmuneror, i : v. to 
 
 KECOMPKNsr:, KEWAED. 
 
 remuneration : rgmiineraUo : v. 
 
 BBCOMPENSE. RKWARD 
 
 remurmur : rgmumiiiro, i : the 
 breakers r., fracta remumiurat unda, 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 291. 
 
 renard : vulpes, is, /. .- v. fox. 
 
 rencounter (c) : occurro, curri, 
 cursum, ; : v. encounter. 
 
 {subs.') : occursus, iis : v. en- 
 counter. 
 
 rend : 1. rumpo, rupi, ruptum, j 
 (to burst, foD-ce open) : to r. one's gar- 
 ments, r. vestes, Ov. M. 6, iji : to r. the 
 mountain, r. montem, Juv. 10, 15 ? : (chry 
 say that) the inflated vesicles are rent, 
 inflatas nimpi vesiculas, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 
 i J : the fore, of the wind cannot r. the 
 clouds, non quit vis ventir. nubem, Lucr. 
 6, 452 : tor. asunder the ties of brother- 
 hood, fraternum r. foedus, Hor. Ep. i, 
 i. J5- 2. abrumpo, rupi, ruptum, j 
 (mostly poet. : once in Cic. Jig.) -. light- 
 ning trom the rent clouds, abruptis nu- 
 bibiis igiies, Virg. Aen. }, 199 : to r. 
 open the veins, venas a., Tac. A. 16, 9. 
 3. disnimpo, rupi, ruptum, } (to 
 break to pieces, or asunder) ; to part 
 and r. a cloud, dividere et d. nubem, 
 Cic. Div 2, ly, 44 : the bonds of human 
 society must be rent asunder, disrunipi 
 necesse est humani generis societatem, 
 id. Off. }, 5, 21. 4. scindo, scidl, scis- 
 sum, J : V. tear. 5. findo, fidi, tissum, 
 
 }: V. Cr.EAVE, SPLIT. 
 
 render : |. To give back, giie, 
 grant, perform : 1. reddo, didi,diium, 
 J (to grille back) : to r. an account, r. ra- 
 tionem, Cic. Tusc. i, 17. {8: v. return. 
 
 2. trihuo, ui, utum, j (to assign): 
 to r. every man his oirn, t. suum cuique, 
 Cic. Off. I, ;, 14: to r. ser rices to any 
 one, t. beneticia alicui, Nep. Att. 11, 6: 
 to r. honour to, t. honorem, Cic. Fin. j, 
 22, 7 J V. PAT, no. Ph r. : to r. an ac- 
 count, rationes referre, Caes. B. C. 2, 20, 
 ad fin. : to r. like for like, par pari (al. 
 pro" pari) referre, Ter. Eun. j, i, ;?: to 
 r. effectual assistance, operam sludium- 
 que navare, Cic. Fam. 15, 12, 2 : to r. a 
 service to a friend, araico operam dare, 
 PI. Merc. 2, 2, 17 : to r. a senrice to the 
 state, praebere operam reipublicae, Liv. 
 5, 4, ad init. : to r. honour to any one, 
 habere honorem alicui, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 
 2: tor. due honour to a father, honorem 
 debitum pairi piaestare, id. Phil. 9, 5, 
 12. II. ^0 nuilce, cause to be : 1. 
 reddo, didi, dituni, j : tor. the roads 
 dangerous for him, r. itinera iufesta, 
 Caes. B. C. ;, 79 : avarice r.s them blind, 
 ipsos caecos reddit cupiditas, Cic. Rose. 
 Am. }?, 101 : he r.'d the language of 
 oratory soft and refined, orai iouem mol- 
 lem teneraniqiie reddidit, id. Brut. 9. j8. 
 
 2. facio, feci, factum, i to r. the 
 taxes inferior, vec'igalia deterfora f., 
 Caes. B. G. i, tO: to r. anybody's mind 
 doubtful,, (. alicujus aniinuiu dubium, 
 Cic. Manil. 10, 27 : v. make. 3, effl- 
 cio, teci, tectum, j : the Euphrates r.s 
 Mesojiotamia 'ertile. Mesopotaniiam fer- 
 tilem etlicit Kuplirates, Cic. N. D 2, 52, 
 ijo. 4. redlgu, egi, actum, j (prop. 
 to reduce, hence constr. usu. with ad: 
 In Caes. it is a syn. of reddere) : to r. 
 easy instead of rery difficult, facilia ex 
 difficllliiiiis r., Caes. B. 6. 2, 27 : to r. 
 anything preciously doubtful sure, r. 
 aliquid ante dubium ad certum, Liv. 
 44, I ; to r. a victory fruitless, r. vic- 
 toriain ad vanum et irritum, id. 26, 17. 
 
 5. Ireq. expr. bv vbs. derived from 
 adjs. ; as, to r. fertile {= fertilise), lae- 
 tlf ico : to r. strung (= strengthen), con- 
 670 
 
 firrao : to r. weak (= weaken), debilito, 
 etc. Ill, To translate, verto, ti, sum, 
 } : v. translate. 
 render up : dedo, didi, ditum, J : V. 
 
 SURRENDER. 
 
 rendering: I. The act of giving 
 or assigning : redditio: the r. of a rea- 
 son, r. rationis, Aug. C. I). 21, 7. ||, 
 conver~io : v. translation. 
 
 rendezvous : perh. *locus ad conve- 
 niendum dictus (Kr., after Liv.) : e.xpr. 
 more usu. by a phr. : he appointed them 
 a r., diem locumque ubi praesto fuerint 
 praedixit. Sail. J. 7; : to meet at a r., in 
 locum anibolius placitum convenire, id. 
 ib. 81, init. : Macedonia was a r. for 
 fugitive slaves, servis fugientibus recep- 
 laculum Macedonia erat, Liv. 41, 2}, ad 
 init. : V. meeting-place. 
 
 rending (subs.) : 1. diruptio (the 
 act (f forcing asmider) : the r. of great 
 bodies (e. g. the clouds), magnorum cor- 
 pornm d., Sen. N. Q. 2, i;. 2. dis- 
 tractio (a pulling apart, serering) : the 
 r. asunder of body and soul. d. animae 
 cnrporisque, Sen. Ep. jo, 14 : Cic. 3. 
 discldium (freq. in Lucr.) : the r. of the 
 cloud, d. nubis. Lucr. 6, 29}. Join; 
 distractio, d., I'l. Ps. i, 1, 68. 4. dis- 
 cissura : Ambros. 5. divulsio: Hier. 
 6. laceratio or laniaius, lis: v. man- 
 gling. (X.B. scissus, lis, occurs only 
 in Gloss. Phil. : the adv. scissim, by r., 
 in Prud.) 
 
 renegade: I. 4" apostate: apo- 
 stata, Eccl. : v. apostate. Phr.: a 
 r., *qui deserit sacra sua, (Kr.). ||, 
 A deserter : transfiiga : v. deserter, 
 
 TRAITOR. 
 
 renew : \. To make new again : 
 1. rgn6vo, i : to r. the old colonies, 
 r. veteres colonias, Cic. Agr. 2, 1 J, J4 : 
 esp. as theol. 1. 1. : to be r.'d unto repent- 
 ance, renovari ad poenitentiam, Vulg. 
 Heb. vi. 6. (N.B. rgnSvello in Col. = to 
 plant a vivei/ard afresh.) 2. n6vo, 
 I : to r. the herd, n. grtgem, Stat. Th. 
 10, 229: Virg. 3. rgfingo, j: tor. 
 their realms of vox, r. cerea regna, 
 Virg G. 4, 202. 4. innSvo. i : (rare) : 
 r.'d bodies, innovata corpora. Mtn. Fel. 
 Oct. II. 5 reformo. I (to 7>,7no!tfci) : 
 be ye r.'d, reformamiui, Vulg. Rom. xii. 
 I. 6. e.xpr. sometimes in pass, by 
 rgnascor, natus, j (to spring up again) : 
 the teeth are r.'d, dentes renascuntur, 
 Phn. II, J7, 64: Cic. ||. To begin 
 afresh, enter upon aneiv ; 1. renovo, 
 I : tor. the battle, r. praeliuTii. Caes. 
 B. G. i, 20, extr.: to r. the alliance, r. 
 sodetatem, Liv. 24, 6, ad init.: to r. 
 feelings of hatred in the breasts of the 
 knights, aninios equitum ad odium r., 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 48, 199. 2. novo, 1 (less 
 freq. than comp.) : to r. their zeal. n. 
 ardorem, Liv. 26, 19 (joined with rursus 
 excitare). 3. instauro, 1 : to r. the 
 massacre, i. caedeni, Auct. Dom. ;,6: to 
 r. the war, i. novum de integro bellum, 
 Liv. 57, 19 (a plenn. expr.); Join: 
 i. et renovare, Cic. Verr. Act. i, 4. 11. 
 4. restauro, i (rare): to r. the war, 
 r. bellum, Just. 2, 10, ad init. (al. in- 
 st;iurare) : Dig. 5. rgdintegio, i (to 
 
 r. from the beginning) ; to r. the fight, 
 r. praeliiim, Caes. B. G. 2, 2? : to r. the 
 peate, r. pacem, Liv. 2, i ?, ad fin. : to r. 
 the memorii, r. memoriam, Cic. Inv. i, 
 52,99: V. revive. 6. integro, I (less 
 freq. than comp.) : to r. one's song, i. 
 carmen, Virg. G. 4, 514: Liv. 7. 
 
 rgfgro, rgtiili (rettiili), rglatum, i (to 
 bring back) : to r. an old custom, an- 
 tiquum morem r., Suet. Caes. 20, ad init. : 
 Join: r. ac renovare ; repetere et r., 
 Cic. Div. in Caecil. 21, 67 and 68. g. 
 itern, 1 (/o do a second time) : to r. tlie 
 conspiracy, i. conspirationem. Just. 21, 
 ; : Liv. 9. rgpgto, ivi or ii, itum, j 
 (to take in hand again): v. repeat. 
 10. rgfrico, ul, atum, i (to excite 
 afresh) : to r. their grief by mif dis- 
 course, eorum dolorem oratione r., Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 48, 199. 11. expr. some- 
 times by other verbs comp. with re : to 
 r. a war (said of a conquered people), 
 rebellare: v. rebel; to r. the fight, re- 
 stituere pugnam, Liv. j, 60, extr.: to r. 
 
 a ivar, reparare bellum, Just. 4, 5 : to t. 
 studies that have been long laid aside, 
 studia longo inlervallo intermissa revo- 
 care, Cic. Tusc. 1,1,1: nor does virtue 
 care to be r.'d in baser spirits, nee virtus 
 curat reponl deterioribus, Hor. Od. j, ;, 
 ?o. Phr.: tor. one's strength, recipere 
 ex integro vires, Quint. 10, j, 6: the 
 war was r.'d more fiercely, acrius de 
 integro obortum est bellum, Liv. 21, 8, 
 ad init. : the eai th r.s her changes, mutat 
 terra vices. Hor. Od. 4. 7, } : to r. a biU, 
 perh. *solvendi tenipus per syngrapham 
 rescriptam differre. 
 
 renewable : expr. by verb : v. pre- 
 ced. ari. Phr. ; a lease r. at pleasure, 
 perh. emphyteuticarius or emphyteuti- 
 cus contractus, Cod. Just. 4, 66, 1 ; where 
 the holder of such a lease is called em- 
 phyteuta: see Diet. Ant. sub mc. 
 
 renewal, renewing: 1. rgnO- 
 
 vatio : the r. of the universe, r. mimdi, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 118. (N.B.— The form 
 rgnovamen, inis, n. occurs in Ov. M. 8, 
 729, in the sense of o r. or change of 
 form; as dues novatus, iis, in Auson. 
 Idyll. 14, }().) 2. instauratio : the r. of 
 the games, i. ludorum, Auct. Har. Resp. 
 II, 2J : syn. with preced., Liv. 5, 52, 
 ad med. : v. repetition. 3. Integra- 
 tio (very rare) : lovers' quarrels are the 
 r. of lore, amantium Irae amoris i. est, 
 Ter. Andr. j, j, 2?. 4. rgdintegiatio: 
 Macr. 5. resiauratio: a r. of servi- 
 tude, r. servitutis, Julian. Dig. 25, }, 7. 
 6. rgcouciliatio : v. restoration. 
 Phr.: to recruit their minds and bodies 
 for a r. of all their former hardships, 
 renovare corpora animosque ad omnia 
 de integro patiei)da, Liv. 21, il, ad med. : 
 the r. of hostilities (on the part of a 
 conquered nation), rgbellio, id. : Caes. : 
 V. rebellion : instauraticius dies, the 
 day for the r. of the games, Macr. S. 
 I, II. 
 
 renewer ; Instaurator : Amm. : t, 
 restorer. 
 
 rennet : coagiilum (a means of curd- 
 ling) : it curdles milk like r., coagali 
 modo lac contrahit, Plin. l}, 7, 6j, init. ; 
 Ov.: Varr. 
 
 renounce: 1. rgnuntio, i (constr. 
 with ace. of the thing, and dat. of the 
 pers.: in later writers also with dat. of 
 the thing) : to r. his hospitality, hospi- 
 tium r., Cic. Ven-. 2, j6, 89 ; to r. any 
 one's alliance and friendship, r. socie- 
 tatem et amicitiam alicui, Liv. j6, j. 
 2. ejilro or ejgro, 1 (both in Cic. : 
 prop, to r. an oath : hence esp. a t. t. of 
 law) : to r. one's fatherland, e. patriam, 
 Tac. H. 4, 28 : to r. me as partial, me 
 iniquum e., Cic. Phil. 12, 7, 18. 3. 
 abdico, i (constr. with pron. refl. and 
 abl. of the thing) : to r. not only the 
 consulship but freedom also, non modo 
 consulatu sed etiani libertate se a., Ctc. 
 Phil. }, 5, 12 : Quint. ; v. abdicate, 
 DISOWN. 4. infitior, l ; v. dent. 
 
 5. rgpiidio, i : v. reject. 6. 
 deficio, feci, fectum, j (to stand aloof: 
 constr. with ab) : to r. the Jriendship of 
 the Roman people, d. ab amicitia P. R., 
 Caes. B. G. 5, } ; tor. virtue, d. a vlr- 
 tute, Cic. Am. 11, J7. 7. remitto, 
 misi, missum, } (to give bocfc) : / give it 
 up and r. it, id reddo ac r., Cin. Sail. j», 
 84 : to r.a favour, beneficium r., Caes. 
 B. C 2, J2, extr. 
 
 renovate : renovo, i : tor. a temple, 
 r. templum, Cic. N. D. 2, 2}, 61: v. 
 RESTORE. Phr. to construct the wholt 
 fabric of r.d material, toium opus ex 
 redivivis constituere, id. Verr. i, 56, 148. 
 
 renovation: restitutio: v. restora- 
 tion. 
 
 renovator : rgparator : v. RESTORES. 
 
 renown : fama, gloria : V. fame, 
 
 GLOKi". 
 
 renowned : ciarus : v. famous, oele- 
 BRATED. Sometimes expr. by ille ; the 
 r. Antipater of Sidon, Antipater ille 
 Sidonius, Cic. de Or. }, 50, 194. 
 
 rent (siibs.) : \. An opening made 
 by tearing : scissura : any r. in the side 
 of the iiail, aliqua ab latere (unguiculi) 
 s.. Sen N. Q. 6, 2, 5 ; v. cleft, fissure: 
 expr. more freq. by a verb : to make a
 
 KENT 
 
 REPAYMENT 
 
 REPEL 
 
 r. in the nets, rumperp plagas, Hor. Od. 
 
 1, I, 28. II. t'ayment J'nr the -right 
 of occupation : 1. vectigal. alls, n. 
 (a gen. term incliidiiif; revenues of uhat- 
 eier Icind) : a r. payable by the occu- 
 pants of the land, v. agrorum possi-ssor- 
 ibiis impositum, Liv. 4, j6: hence ellipt., 
 solarium (sc. v.), ground-r., Ulp. I'ig. 
 4?, 8, 2, i IT, locarium (^sc. v.). r. paid 
 for the stall of a titeatre. Varr. L. L. 5, 
 
 2, "}, i 15 : rack-r., *(iuani maximum 
 V. • r.-day, *dles vectiniili pensitando 
 praestitutus. 2. morces, eilis,/. : the 
 r.t of the farms, mercedes praedloruni, 
 Cic. Att. 15, 20, ad fin.: to remit a 
 year's house-r. to thi' tenants, conductur- 
 ilms annuam m. habitationis donare, 
 Caes. B. C. j, 21. Dimin. mercedula, 
 Cic. Att. I?, II. 3. liabltatio (house- 
 r.> : the expense of house-r., suniptus 
 habitatloniB, Cic Ci>el •;, 17: v. pieced, 
 art. 4. pensio {puymeiit) : the yearly 
 r. of common lodying-houses, iiisularum 
 annua p., Suet. Ner. 44 : Juv. 5. 
 expr. sometimes by rgditus, us (income) : 
 as long as r. is paid to the owner, quam- 
 diu pensio sive r. domino praestetur, 
 Just. Inst. }, 24, } : or by fructus, us 
 (proceeds) .■ the r.s of thf estates, f. prue- 
 diorum, Cic. Att. 11, 2 : v. kk\ knuk. in- 
 come. I'h r. : to pay a r. of \ool. a-yar, 
 centutn libris (Anglicis) fiabitare, after 
 Cic.Coel. 7, 17: estates that pay r.,pTiiLe<iiSi 
 quae pcnsitant, Id. Agr. }, 2, 9 : to kt 
 out farms on condition of receiving a 
 portion of the produce us r., locare parti- 
 bus praedia, Plln. Ep. 9, 57 : a collector 
 of house-r.s, insularius. Pomp. Dig. 50. 
 16, 166: r.-roll, * tabulae ubi reditus 
 (annui) perscribuntur. 
 
 rent (^0 •" I. To let out : 16co, I : 
 V. LETT OUT, LEASE. ||. To hire : con- 
 duco, xi, ctum, } : v. hire. 
 
 rental : vectigal, alls, n. : V. RENT, 
 No. II. P h r. ! to produce a certain 
 r., locare se (tanti), Cic. Rose. Com. 
 10, 28. 
 
 renter : conductor : v. hiker. 
 
 renunciation : 1. ejuratio (rare) : 
 the r. of good hope, e. spei bouae. Sen. 
 Vit. beat. 26, ;. 2. abiHcatio : the r. 
 nf a son, a. filii, after Quint. 7, 4, 27 : 
 
 Liv.: V. ABDICATION, DISOWNING. 3. 
 
 infitiatio : Cic. : v. denial. 4. rCpii- 
 diatio: v. bejection. 5. detrectatio: 
 V. BEFUSAL. 6. expr. more freq. by 
 a verb : v. renoitnce. 
 
 re-open : recludo, si, sum, J (to open 
 what is closed) -. v. open ; more pre- 
 cisely, iteruni, denuo recludere. aperire. 
 P h r. : tor. a vound, \'ulnus rescindere 
 (tear open), Plin. Kp. 7, 19, ad fm. ; 
 renovare, Ov. It. 2, 209 ; refricare", Cic. 
 Att. 5, 15: the uounds are r.ing, vul- 
 nera recrudescunt, id. Fam. 4, 6, 2 (used 
 fig.) : to r. the eyes after death, lumina 
 morte resignare, Virg. Aen. 4, 244 (v. 
 Smitb, Lat. Diet, sub voc.) : the discus- 
 sion is r.'d cm the foUmuing day, (res) 
 retractatur postera die, Tac. G. 22. 
 
 repair ( I'O ■■ A. T r a n s. : To re- 
 store, make good : 1. r6f icio, feci, 
 fectum, J : to r. the walls and gates, 
 T. muros ac portas, Liv. 24, i : to r. 
 ships, T. naves, Caes. B. C. 2, 4. Fig.: 
 to r. their strength, r. vires, Liv. 57, 24, 
 ad med. Join: r. el reparare, Quint. 
 I, 12, 4: r. et recreare, Cic. Plane, i, 2. 
 2. rgparo, i : to r. buildings that 
 hare fallen into decay from age, aedi- 
 ficia vetustate sublapsa In melius r., 
 Plin. Kp. 10, 75 (al. restltuere). K i g. : 
 to r. a loss, r. damnum, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 
 1 J. 3. restituo, ui, iitum, j: to r. 
 doors that have been broken into, r. fores 
 effractas, Ter. Ad. i, 2, 40; v. restore: 
 Fig.: i( is right that tvbat he has done 
 should be r.'d, quod eglt restitui aequum 
 est, id. Ph. 2, 4, II : Cic: v. redress. 
 4. sarcio, sarsi, sartum, 4 (to patch 
 up, merd) : to r. a house, s. aedes, PI. 
 Most. I, 2, 68 (6j): V. mend. Fig.: to 
 r. a loss, 8. detrlmentum, Caes. B. Ci. 6, 
 I: Cic. 5. rgsarcio, no j>ej/., sartum, 
 4 : to »•. the roofs, r. tecta, Liv. 4;, 28, 
 ad fin. : Ter. Fig.: to r. a loss. r. 
 damnum, Suet. Claud. 6. 6. rgcon- 
 dimo, I : tor. the other places, r. reliqua 
 
 loca, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, } (2, 4, 2). Fig.: 
 to r. a loss, r. detrimeritum, Caes. B. C. 
 2, 15. extr. (al. reconclllare). 7. i"^- 
 stauro, I (rare) : to r. the temple of 
 Vtnus, T. templum Veneris, Tac. A. 4, 
 4?. 8. rgpono, pCsui, p6situm, j (to 
 replace) : to r. bridges tliat have t-roken 
 doivn from age, ruptus vetustate pontes 
 r., Tac. A. I. 6j. 9. expleo, cvl, etum, 
 2 (to fill tip : only In fig. sense) : v. 
 good (to make). B. Jntrans.: To 
 betake oneself : rgcip^re se : v. betake 
 oneself, <iO. Phr. : to r. to hidden 
 shores, reparare latentes oras, Hor. Od. 
 
 1, J7, 24 (a rare expr.). 
 
 repair (subs.) .- expr. mostly by phr. : 
 (1). sartus tectus (i.e. sartus et tectus, 
 mended arul roofed) : to keep the temples 
 in good r., sarta tecta aedium tuerl, Cic. 
 Fam. I ?, 1 1, I : hence also lucor, tultus, 
 
 2, is used alone in this sense : ihe letting 
 out of temples to be kept in good r., loca- 
 tio aedium sacrarum tuendarum, Liv. 
 24, 18: Cic. (N.B.— Ihe fljll. fig. use 
 of the phr. probably embodies a common 
 formuU: Curium sartum et tectum, ut 
 aiunt, ab omnlque incommode, detri- 
 ment©, molestia, sincerum integrumque 
 conservare, Cic. Fam. 1 3, 50, 2 : of. Verr. 
 I, ;o, i(i) (il). in bad r. : expr. by 
 ruinosus (going to ruin) : a house in 
 bad r., r. aedes, Cic. Off. J, I J, 54 : or by 
 a part. : a house out of r. from age, 
 aedes vetustate sublapsa, Plin. Kp. 10, 
 75 : the expense of a house that is out 
 of r. impensae aedis dilabeniis. Sen. K^p. 
 12, I (v. BciNous, dilapidated) : they 
 are very troublesome to keep in r., habeiit 
 in refectionibus molestiam magnam, 
 Vitr. 6, J, 2. 
 
 repairer: rgfector, Suet. Vesp. 18: 
 
 V. REiTOREK. 
 
 repairing (««bs-) •■ 1. refectio: 
 
 the r. of the highway, r. viae publicae, 
 Ulp. Dig. 4J, II. I : to need r., r. de.si- 
 derare. Col. I2, i,(). 2. sartura (patch- 
 ing) : Col. 4, 26. 3. expr. more freq. 
 by verbs: v. to repair. 
 
 reparation : I. The act of re- 
 pairing-, rfifectio: v. preced. art. ||, 
 Amends : satisfactio : v. amends, re- 
 
 DUESS. 
 
 repartee : expr. by phr. : in dispu- 
 tation he showed a talent for rather pun- 
 gent and ill-naturtd r., in altercando 
 cum aliquo aculeo et maledicto facetus, 
 Cic. Brut. 47, 17 J : to utter a brilliant 
 r., perh. acute arguteque respondere, 
 after Cic. Coel. 8, 19 : v. answer. 
 
 repass : A. I n t r a n s. ■ nearest 
 word redeo, ii, itum, 4 (sometimes with 
 viam as homogeneous ace.) : he passes 
 and r.s along the road, itque r.que viam, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 122: Cic. B. Trans.: 
 r£metior, mensus, 4 (to pass or travel 
 over again) : they will come after r.ing 
 the sea, pelago remenso aderuiit, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 181 : perh. also iu poet. itSro, i, 
 may be used ; cf. Hor. Od. i, 54, 4 ; 
 I, 7. n. 
 
 repast : clbus : v. food, heal. 
 
 repay: 1. rgpono, pfisui, pSsitum, 
 J : / irill r. you tlie money irithin the 
 next three or four days, numos tibi re- 
 poiiam in hoc triduo vel quatriduo, PI. 
 Pers. I, I, }8: Hor. Fig.: am I never 
 to r. them f nimquamne reponam .' Juv. 
 I, I: Cic. 2. rgfero, r6tull(retlull), 
 
 rglatum, ) : to r. the money, r. arpentuni, 
 PI. Ps. 2, 2, 29. Fig. to r. like for 
 like, par pari r., Ter. Kun. j, i, 55 : to 
 r. any one with thanks, gratiam alicui 
 
 r., Cic. : V. TO RETURN, REQUITE. 3. 
 
 retrfbuo, ui, utum, } : to r. the money, r. 
 numos, Liv. 2, 41 : Cic 4. rgniimSro, 
 I : to r. the gold, aurum r., PI. Bac 1,1, 
 12. 5. solvo, vi, sfiliitum, J (to pay): 
 to r. the doiiry to the mother, s. dotem 
 matrl. Pap. Dig 2?, 4, 26. 6. repoiulo, 
 di, sum, J : to r. (recompense) hand- 
 so-mely, magna r., Virg. Aen. 2, 161. 
 7. penso, I : v. RKQurrF. 8. ^i- 
 munJror, i : v. recompense, reward. 
 
 repayment: I. Miii\o (payment): 
 
 the r. of things held in trust, s. rerum 
 creditarum, Cic Off. 2, 24, 8j. 2. 
 rvlalio (requited) : the r. of a favour, r. 
 gratiae, Sen. Ben. 5, ll, i. 3. rgmu- 
 
 nSratio : v. recompense. 4. expr. 
 more freq. by verb : v. preced. art. 
 
 repeal (»■): 1. expr. by abrSgot 
 I (to r. a laiv entirely) : dgrOKo, l (to r. 
 it partially) ; or obrogo, 1 {to armmd U 
 partially by a neo- to"); it is not right 
 to alter any part of tliis lair try a new 
 one, ruir may ve r. atiy portvm of it, 
 nor can it lie r.'d as a n hole, hulr leg! 
 neque obrogari fas est, neque derogari 
 ex hac aliquid licet, neque toiaabrogari 
 potest, Cic. Rep. j, 22. 2. resciiirto, 
 N^idi, sclssum, } : tor. some of his enact- 
 ments, quaedam (a se) consiltutn r., Cic. 
 Att. 6, I, cut init. : V. Rhx;iND. 3. 
 
 tollo, } : V. ANNUL, ABoUSH. 
 
 repeal (subs.) : 1. expr. by abr6- 
 gatio, Cic. Att. j, 22 ; derOgailo, or ob- 
 rSgiitio, Auct. Her. 2, ir, 15 (lor the 
 distinction of these v. preced art.). 
 
 2. rescissio: the r. of a 0>rmer 
 decree, r. priorls decreil, Callisl. Irig. 50, 
 9.5- 
 
 repeat : \. To do agam : L 
 itgro, I : when words are d/nUtled or 
 r.'d, cum duplicantur iier.iniurque 
 verba, Cic. Or. 39, 115. 2. repf-to, 
 ivt or 11, itum, ; (not in Cic. In this 
 sense) : Vun-e is no need to r. >■ hat was 
 said about the change of letters, de nju- 
 tatione literarum nihil r. necesse, QuinL 
 
 1, 7, ij: Lucr. 3. Bfimino, i (to 
 double) : a r.'d consulship, gemina^ua 
 consulatus, Tac. A. i, j: Ov. 4. 'n- 
 gfimino, I (syn. ot preced.) : v. bedouble, 
 Re-echo. 5. rCnOvo, i : v. BKNi-rw. 
 
 II. To say over again : 1. liCro, 
 I : to r. what he said, quod dixit i., Cic 
 Or. 40, 137: to r. my acliievements, L 
 mea facta, PI. Cas. 5, 2, 5. 2. reddo, 
 didi, ditum, } : tor. vord fur wtrrd 
 without written notes, sine scripto iisdem 
 verbis r., Cic. Brut. 88, joi : the boy r.s 
 his lesson to his master, puer reddit 
 dictata magistro, Hor. Kp. i, 18, 14. 
 
 3. decanto, I (to harp upon ; quote 
 repeatedly) : to r. hackneyed maxims, 
 pervulgata praecepta d., Cic de Or. 1, 
 18, 7; ; Hor. 4. renOvo, i : to r. 
 what I said at the outset, illud quod 
 initio dixi r., Cic. Agr. 2, 10, 24: Liv. 
 
 5. rfivolvo, vi, vOlutum, 3 (referring 
 to the mode of opening a scroll by 
 rotting it back) : to r. passages alrtady 
 recited, loca jam recitata r., Hor. V\i. 
 
 2, I, 223: Quint. 6. recito, i (rare: 
 to r. from memory): Mart. 9, 83, 4. 
 Phr.: tor. the letters backuards, rursua 
 literas retroagere. Quint. I, 1.25: tor. 
 a speech word for uvrd, redintegrare 
 oratlonem, Auct Her. 1, 30, 47 : to r. 
 our fathers' maxims, dicta reponere 
 patema, Pers. 6, 66: to r. volumes by 
 heart, volumina repraesentare, Plin. 7, 
 24, 24: to '■• every particular, singula 
 retexere. App. M. 9, p. 224. 
 
 repeatedly : 1. identldem : he 
 was ifont to ask r.. i. quaerere solebat, 
 Cic Rose Am. 30, 84: Caes. B. G. 2. 19. 
 2, expr. by iterum atque Iterum, 
 Hor. s! I, 10, 39; iteriunac(et)saepiiis, 
 Cic. Manil. 11, 30; etiam atque etiam, 
 
 Liv. 22, 1 J ; rursus et rursus, \'aL 
 
 Fl. i, 596: V. AGAIN. 3. saepi^nu- 
 mfro : v. often. 4. saepius (cpmp. : 
 several times) : to attack the k-ing r_ 
 regem s. repetere, Liv. 4, 19. 5. expr. 
 by frequent verte : to assert r., diclilo : 
 to cry out r., clamito; etc. (PI. has 
 resecro, i, to implore r. : VaL FI. has 
 reclamo, i, to call out r.) 
 
 repeater : I. "»"• «*<' repeats: 
 expr. by verbs : qui iterat reddit (ali- 
 quid). II. A iM/cA: •horulogium 
 sonis tempus indicans (Kr.). 
 
 repeating : I' '> >■• ■ »■• '■<^*''' ^par*- 
 
 bilis echo, |X)et. in I'ers. i, 102. 
 
 repel : 1. ri?p.llo. repfill (rep- 
 
 piiliX repulsum. 3 : to r. unarmed mm 
 by f'lirce of arms, r. Inermes homln«s 
 amiis, Cic'Caecln. 1 1, 33 : '« r. force by 
 force, r. vim vi, id. Sest. 17, 19: tor. 
 and pursue the foe, r. et pers<'qiii liostem, 
 Caes. B. C. 2. 8. Fig.: tor. an acru- 
 saticm, r. crimen. Quint. 4, 2, 26. 2. 
 respuo, ui. 3 (to sp<t out : a strong 
 expr.) : light passes tfkrough horn, 
 but loaier is r.'d, lumen per comtna 
 6n
 
 REPENT 
 
 REPORT 
 
 R E P O RT 
 
 transit, at Iniber respuitur. Lucr. 2, J89 ; 
 a stone tvhich r.s iron, lapis qui fernmi 
 abi^it respuiique, Plin. ^6, 16, 25, extr. 
 Fig.: V. REJECT. 3. propulso, i (by 
 repeated or continued auiion) : to r. 
 the enemy, p. bost«m, Caes. B. G. 1, 49. 
 Fig.: t(j t a suspicion, p. suspicionem 
 a se, Cic. Verr. j, 60, 140. Also, pro- 
 pello, j: V. DBIVEAWAT. 4. ispCTiior, 
 
 I : V. SHUN. 
 
 repent: 1. poenitet, uit, 2 cjvi- 
 pers. : constr. with ace. of the pets., and 
 gen. of the cause of repentance: some- 
 times also with neut. pron., inf., or a 
 daitse : very rarely, and in infin. only, 
 it is nsed pers. : v. Lat. Gram. } 241 it 
 implies dissatisfaction, and has a wider 
 acceptaiion than our word r. ; cf. Gell. 
 17, I): tkey who have itot lived as they 
 ought r. most of all at tliat time, eos 
 qui secus quani decuit vixerunt turn 
 maxime poenitet, Cic. Div. i, jo, 6j : it 
 is the characteristic of a urise man to 
 do mithUig he iruiy r. of, sapientis est 
 proprium nihil quod p. possit f'acere, id. 
 fuse. 5, 28, 81 : he says he r.s of 
 wounding your feelings, ait se p. quod 
 animum tuum offenderit, id. Att. 11, i; : 
 words not to be r.'d of, dicta non poeni- 
 tenda, Gell. i, ; : I do not r. this match, 
 me haec conditio non poenitet, I'l. Stich. 
 I, I, 52. Suppoenitet, 2 (to r. a little) : 
 he r.s a little of his madness, ilium furoris 
 s., Cic. Att 7, 14, I. 2. piget, uit and 
 pigitum est, 2 (rare in this sense : very 
 rarely witli pei-s. suljj.) : to do a thing 
 we may r. of, facere quod nos pigeat, 
 Ter. Ph. j, j, 21 : cf. id. Heaut. prol. 
 19: he began to r. of the deed, p. eum 
 fact! coppit. Just. 12, 6. Phr. : to r., 
 in poenitentiam verti, id. ib. ; poeniten- 
 tiam agere. Quint. 9, j, 12: Vulg. : the 
 king r.s too late, sera poenilentia subit 
 regem, Curt }, 2, 19. 
 
 repentance : 1. poenitentia (not 
 in Cic.) : (he said) that r. follows quickly, 
 yet too late and in vain, relerem p. 
 sequi sed eandem seram atque inutilem. 
 Lav. J I, j2 : to find no place of r.. nul- 
 lum invenire poenitentiae locum, Vulg. 
 Heb. xii. 16. 2. expr. more Ireq. by 
 the verb : to reform our fa ults by r., 
 corrigere errorem poenilendo, Cic. Acad, 
 fragm. in Lact. 6, 24 : so deep was his r., 
 tanta fuit vis poenitendi, id. Tusc. 4, J7, 
 79 : to go to sucIl lengths that there was 
 no room left them for r., eo procedere 
 unde receptum ad poenitendum non 
 haberent, Liv. 42, i?. 3. poenitudo 
 (obsol.) : Pac. 4. resipiscontia (late 
 and rare) .- Lact. 
 
 repentant : poenitens (prop, a 
 
 part. : rare) : the best refuge for a r. 
 man is a cluinge of plan, optiraus est 
 porius poenitenti mulatio consiUi, Cic. 
 Phil. 12, 2, 7. (More Ireq. expr. by rel. 
 clause ; is quem poenitet, etc.) 
 
 repentantly: poenitenter: Min.Fel. 
 Oct. 26, I. (Better expr. by phr., cum 
 [vera] poenitentia ; non sine vero pecca- 
 torum dolore, etc.) 
 
 repeople : suppleo, evi. etum, 2 (to 
 replinish): to r. an empty city, inania 
 moenia s., Ov. M. 7, 628 : v. replenish, 
 
 PEOPLE. 
 
 repercussion: repercussus, us: v. 
 
 KEVKRBKRATION. 
 
 repertory : nearest word perh. the- 
 saurus (store-hrmse) : he is my r. (of 
 useful information), ille mihi t. est, Plin. 
 Ep. I, 22: Cic. Part. Or. ji, 109: v. re- 
 pository, STORE. (X.B.— repertoriiim 
 in the \y\K. is an inventory.) 
 
 repetition: I. 'fhe act of doing 
 anything over again : 1. iteratio : 
 the r. of words, \. verborum, Cic. Or. 
 25, 85 : frequent r., multa i.. Quint. 10, 
 I, 19; crcbra, id. 11, 2, ?? (here al. rei- 
 teratio). 2. repetitio : the rather 
 
 frequent r. of the same noun, frequen- 
 tior ejusdem nominis r., Quint, 9, i, 24. 
 3, geminatio (a doubling) : the r. 
 of wfirds is forcilile, g. verborum habet 
 vim, Cic. de Or. j, 54. 206. 4. assid- 
 ultas (continual recurrence) : the r. of 
 the same letter, ejusdem literae a., Auct. 
 Her. 4, 12, 18: Suet. 5. retractatio 
 (r. of the same idea) : Quint. 9, j, j6. 
 672 
 
 6, rSmissio: the r. of the games, 
 T. ludorum, Petr. 60, 5. 7. redinte- 
 gratio: Macr. : v. he.newal. j|. As 
 
 a rhet. 1. 1. : expr. by repfitUio (the r. of 
 the same word at the brginning of 
 sextral sentences), Cic. de Or. j, 54. 206 : 
 conversio (the r. of the same nord at 
 the end of several clauses), id. ib. : com- 
 plexio (a comlnnation of the foregoing, 
 where several sentences begin and end 
 with tlie same word or words), Auct. 
 Her. 4, 14, 20 : adjectio (a gen. term, in- 
 cluding several kinds of r.). Quint. 9, j, 
 28 : conduplicatio (the r. of a word or 
 words, with amplijicaiion), Auct. Her. 
 4, 28, iS: tradnctio (Ifie r. of a word in 
 various suitable positiotis), id. 4, 14, 20: 
 regressio (the r. of tiro or more words in 
 separate clauses). Quint. 9, j, J5. 
 repine : conqueror, questus, } : v. 
 
 COMPLAIN. 
 
 repining : querela : v. complaint. 
 
 replace : I. T" J"*' back into its 
 place : 1. rSpono, posui, pSsitum, J : 
 to r. the broken bones, ossa in suam 
 sedem r., Cels. 8, 10, 7, ad init.: to r. 
 four pillars, r. quattuor columnas, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, i, 56, 147. 2. restituo. ui, 
 utum, } : to r. statues that had been 
 thrown down, r. statuas disjectas, Suet. 
 Cal. J4: Cic: v. restore. ||, To put 
 one thing in the place of another : sub- 
 stituo, ui, iitum, i : v. substitute. 
 Phr.: to r. what is lost, quae amissa 
 sunt adniinistrare et reficere, Caes. B. C. 
 2, 15 : the scm r.d his father, filius 
 patri suffectus est, Tac. A. 4 16: uho 
 r.d me by a new jiuige ? quis in meum 
 locum judicem subdidit? Auct Dom. 
 n, 85. 
 
 replant: 1. rgsero, sevl, j: CoL 
 4, JJ. I ■ Varr. 2. rgnSvello, i : to 
 r. a vineyard, vineam r., Col. Arb. 5, 
 ad init. 
 
 replenish : repleo, evi, etum, 2 : to 
 r. the boivl, cratera r., Ov. M. 8, 679 : 
 Cic: V. fill up or again. 
 
 replete: repletus (prop, a part.),- 
 plenus : v. full. 
 
 repletion : satietas : Cic. : v. sa- 
 tiety, fulness. 
 
 replevin: *replegiamectum : v. foil, 
 art. 
 
 replevy : *replegio, i (a 1. 1. in law : 
 V. Ducange, s. v.): or better, *cautione 
 interposita repetere, recuperate (ali- 
 quid). 
 
 reply ('>•) •■ respondeo, 2 : v. answer. 
 
 reply («"('«•) ■' responsum: v. an.'^wer. 
 
 report ("•)• 1. refero, retiili (ret- 
 tuli), rSlatum, i (constr. with ad and 
 ace. of Vtiepers., less freq. dat. ; with ace. 
 and inf., or absol. : also impers. pass.) : 
 these ansners having been r.'d to Caesar, 
 his responsis ad Caesarem relatis, Caes. 
 B. G. I, J5 : they r. that there is there a 
 forest of vast extent, referunt silvam 
 esse ibi infinita magnitudine, id. ib. 6, 
 10: often one thing is said and another 
 r.'d to us, saepe aliter est dictum, aliler 
 ad nos relatum, Cic. Brut. 57, 208. Esp, 
 of a report made to an official body . (the 
 subject is then expr. by de and abl. ; less 
 freq. by ace, or nom. in pass. ; or by a 
 7-elat. clause) : to r. anything to the senate, 
 T. aliquid ad senatum : v. to lay before. 
 2. renuntio, i (constr. like the pre- 
 ced.) : this was said to the ambassadors 
 and r.'d to the council, haec dicta legatis 
 renuntiataque in concilium, Liv. 29, j : 
 it was r.'d that the ascent was easy, renun- 
 tiatum est ascensum esse facilem, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 21. Esp. in phr. : to r. oliiciaUy 
 the election of a candidate for the con- 
 snlship, praetorship, etc., r. consulem, 
 praetorem, Cic: Caes. 3. nuntio. 1 
 (syn. of preced. : the readings often vary 
 between the two : e. g. Caes. B. G. 4, 52) : 
 V. ANNOUNCE, INFORM. 4. deffro, tuli, 
 latum, } (^constr. like refero : to lay in- 
 formation before any one) : he r.s to a 
 diviner that he had dreamed a dream, 
 defert ad conjectorem sonmiasse se, Cic. 
 Div. 2, 65, IJ4: they added that the 
 number of the cavalry was incorrectly 
 r.'d, addiderunt falsum equitum nu- 
 merum deferri, Caes. B. C. i. 59, extr. 
 5. affero, attiili, allatum, } (constr. 
 
 like preced.) : the scouts r.'d that every- 
 thing nos quiet, attulenint exploratores 
 quieta omnia esse, Liv. 8, 17 : Cic : Caes. 
 
 6. fX'rt'firo, tuli, latum, j (constr. 
 like preced.) : it is r.'d to me that your 
 endui ance is beyond belief, perfertur ad 
 me incredibilem tuam fortitutlinem esse, 
 Cic. Fam. 14, i, i : Caes. 7. f6ro, tiili, 
 latum, J (constr. like preced. : esp. freq. 
 in the third pers., andpas«.); he is r.d 
 to have hilled the king, regem interemisse 
 fertur, Cic. Rep. 2, 2, extr. : v. sat. 
 
 8. perhlbeo, 2 ; they are r.'d to have 
 been tite messengers of victory, victoriae 
 nuntii esse perhibentur, Cic. Tusc. i, 12, 
 28 : V. RELATE. 9. propono, posui, 
 posTtum, J (constr. with ace. or de) : v. 
 
 STATE, SET FORTH. 10. riimillCO, I 
 
 (not class.): PI. Phr.: they r.'d thai 
 jo.ooo arrows had been shot into the fort, 
 milia sagittarum xxx. in castellum con- 
 jpcta (Caesari) renumeraverunt, Caes. 
 B. C. J, 5i : / will r. my movements to 
 you, faciam te cerliorem quid egerim. 
 Cic Att. i, II : it was r.'d that, uun- 
 tius allatus est ; also simply, allatum 
 est ( = intelligence was brought) : v. 
 
 TrDINGS. 
 
 report (subs.) : |. Runurur : 1. 
 lama (with de or depend, clause : rarely 
 with objective gen. ): the r. if his death 
 spread abroad, f. de interitu ejus per- 
 agravit, Cic. Mil. 55, 98 : that r. had 
 spread through the city, f. ea nrbem 
 pervaserat, Liv. 5. 7, ad med. : ther. ha/l 
 spread through the rvhole world, f. per 
 orbem terrarum percrebuisset, Caes. B. C. 
 J, 4J : the r. spreads gradually, f. serpit, 
 Plin. Kp. 9, n : the r. spreads widely, ea 
 f. vacatur, Virg. Aen. 2, 17 : o sad r. 
 spreails, tristis f n)anat, Cic. Phil. 14, 6. 
 15: tot-ircuta/ear., f. dissipare, id. fb. : a 
 r. was circulated, f. distulit (aliquid esse), 
 Suet. Caes. j} : there is a more common 
 r. (tradition), vulgatior fama est. Liv. 
 I, 7, ad init. : the r. is current, f. ob- 
 tinet, id. 21, 46, extr. : tenet, id. j8, ij : 
 to hear anything by r., fama aliquid ac- 
 cipere, Caes. B. G. 6, 20 : r. said that 
 you were in Syria, f. nunliabat te esse 
 in Syria, Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 2 : whithersoever 
 the r. of the enemy's presence led him, 
 quocumque f. hostium ducebat, Liv. 7, 
 17 : Join : rumor ac f., Caes. B. G. 6, 
 20 ; f. et auditio, Cic. N. D. 2, J7, 95 ; f. 
 atque sermo, id. Fl. 6, i?. (N.B. — F. is 
 freq. personified, as in Virg. Aen. 4, 173.) 
 2. riimor (unauthenticated r. : 
 constr. like preced.) : to spread a r., r. 
 dispergere, Tac. H. 2, 96; serere, Virg. 
 12, 228: a r. spreads gradually, r. serpit, 
 Cic. Mur. 21, 45 ; manat, Hor. S. 2, 6, 50 : 
 theie is a general r., r. calet, Caelius in 
 Cic. Fam. 8, i, 2: some r. or other had 
 ichispered that there was a scanty at- 
 tendance, rumoris nescio quid afflaverat 
 frequentiam non esse, Cic. Att. 16, 5, i . 
 r. gives biith to many stateme7its, niulta 
 r. perfert, id. Fam. 2, 8, 1 ; affingit, Caes. 
 B. 1;. I, 5J : unauthenticated r.s, r. sine 
 auctore, Cic. Fam. 12, 9, I : uncertain 
 r.s arrived about his safety, de vita ejus 
 dubii r. allali sunt, Liv. 28, 24: to be at 
 the mercy of uncertain r.s, incertis ru- 
 moribus servire, Caes. B. G. 4, 5. 3. 
 sermo, onis, m. (common talk) : to spread 
 r.s, s. dissipare, Cic. Verr. Act. 2, i, 6, 17 : 
 a widespread r., disseminatus disper- 
 susque s., id. Plane 23, 56 : ifr.s of that 
 kind have reached you, si istiusmodi s. 
 ad te delati sunt, id. Fam. j, 8, ; : the. 
 news occasioned various r.s, nuntii varies 
 s. excitarunt, id. 8, 10, 2: v. talk. 4. 
 auditio (hearsay) : false r.s, tictae a.. 
 Cic. Plane. 2J. 56 : not even the faintest 
 r., ne tenuissinia quidcm a , Caelius in 
 Cic. Fam. 8, i, 2. 5. auditus, lis : 
 Tac. H. I, 76. 6. opinio: a r. recwhed 
 the barbarians, o. ad barbaroB perlata 
 est, Caes. B. G. 2, j; : Just. 7, fragor 
 (very rare and pnet.): Val. Fl. i. 75J 
 I'hr. : it was important to circulate a 
 r. that he had been poisoned, pertinuit 
 differri tanquam veneno interceptus 
 esset, Tac A. j, 12 : v. preced. art. 
 II. Official statement : 1. renun- 
 tiatlo (esp. of a declaration of electiot}) : 
 a r. taken from the pulilic archive.'^, r. ex
 
 REPORTE R 
 
 REPROACH 
 
 REPROACH 
 
 Uteris publicis, Cic. Verr. }, 59, 89. 2. 
 acta, orum, n. pi. (a r. of transactions) : 
 law r.s, a. foren^ia, Scaev. in I'and. 26, 8, 
 21 : Cic. 3. rClatus, us : to tefitse to 
 make a r. on any matter, r. abiiucre de 
 aliqiia re, 'I'ac A. i;, tl. 4. rglalio 
 (esp. the fonnal lai/ing «J a mailer 
 be/ore the Senate) : Cic. 5. literat', 
 amm.f.pl.: v. iiocrMKNT. ||| lie- 
 pu*Mtion : fama: v. RKPnTATiOK. j'hr. : 
 to have a good, evil r., bene, male audire, 
 Cic. IV. ^ It'ud, suilden noise ; perh. 
 fragor, crfipitu-s : more vaguely, .sOnltus, 
 
 us: V. CRASH, NDISK. 
 
 reporter : nutarius (a shorthand r.): 
 hired r.s irho take donii a case, causam 
 excipicntes in quaestum n., Quint. •], 1, 
 24: I'liii. Ep. 
 
 repose (i') •• A. Trans.: to cause 
 torest or dtpfiid njton : 1. pono, pfijui, 
 p6filum, J (coustr. with ace. anil abl. 
 after in) : to r. all their hopes of safety 
 in xulour, spem omnem saluti.s In vlr- 
 tute p., Caes. B. G. 5, {4: v. pnx. 2. 
 rftpono, posui, pOsituni, j (..<n/n. of pre- 
 ced.): Caes. B. C. 2, 41. Fhr. : to r. 
 omfidence in, fidem (aliciii) habere, Cic. 
 
 Div. 2, 59, 122: V. TRUST. B. ' "- 
 
 trans.: |, To rely upon: expr. by 
 the preced. verbs, which liowever are 
 trans., and must have an olijtct supplied ; 
 hmo greatly I r. in your icisdom and 
 prudeme, quantum ego in C()n>ilio et 
 prudi iitia tua pono, Cic. Att. 2. 2J. ad 
 fin. II, 7V> tate rest : quiesco, quievi, 
 quietum, 5 : v. to ke.st. 
 
 repose (subs.): qules, etis, /. (no pi. 
 or dat. sing.); also, rgquies, etis and el: 
 
 V. REST. 
 
 repository : 1. thesaums ; V. 
 
 TREAStiKV. 2. repusltorinm (repos- 
 torium : a cabinet) : a more priiate r., 
 ganctius r.,Cap. M. Ant. 17, 4. 3. rC- 
 ceptaculum- v.stoki>hoi sk, macazink. 
 
 reprehend : reprehendo, ? ; vitu- 
 pero, I ; lorripio, } (to rebuke sharply) : 
 V. TO bi.amr. 
 
 reprehensible : vituperabllis : v. 
 
 BUVMKAHl.K. 
 
 reprehension: rgprehensio: vitii- 
 p6ratio : v. 111. a me. 
 
 represent; I. Topourtray: 1. 
 repraesento, i : to r. the images of ab- 
 sent objects to the m,ind, r. imagines 
 rerum absentiuni aniino, Quint. 6, 2. 29: 
 W r. the virtue of Calo, r. viitutem Ca- 
 tonis, Hor. Kp. i, 19, 14: Xiceratus r.'d 
 Alcibiades (in aphiy), Niceratus reprae- 
 sentavil Alcibiudein, I'lin. 54, 8, 19, ^ 88 : 
 stage players r. grief, artilicis scenici 
 repraesentant tristitiara. Sen. Ep. 11, 7. 
 2, Imilor, I : to ?•. deep anguish by 
 the pencil, summuni luctum penicillo i., 
 Cic. Or. 22, 74 : to /■. the misfortuues of 
 heroes by oratory, heroum casus 1. di- 
 cendo, id. de Or. 2, 47, 194: to r. fioems 
 by acting, i. Ciirmina, Li v. 7, 2, Join: 
 exprinierc ct i., Hor. A. V. jj. 3. <>>- 
 primo, pressi, prcssuni, j (to delineate) : 
 to r. the figure of a man, e. hominis 
 imaginem, I'lin. J5, 12, ^^■. t<> r. this 
 scene in verse, banc speciem e. vorsibiis, 
 Cic. Div. I, jf), 79: Quint.: v. kxpkks,s, 
 DESCRiBK. 4. snnulo, I (mostly puct.): 
 to r. a cypress, cupressum s., Hor. A. P. 
 20: with ace. and inf. in Ov. M. 6, 80. 
 5. lingo, finxl, ticium, j (to form, 
 delineate) : to r. a consummate oraOrr, 
 sumrauni oratorem f., Cic. Or. 2, 7. 6. 
 fScio, feci, factum, J : v. to makr 
 (A.. VU.). 7. expr. by verbs which 
 denote the special art by « hich an object 
 is r.'d : a.s, to r. (bii painting), pingere ; 
 V. PAINT : {in sculpture), sculpo ; v. to 
 SCULPTLRE. I'hr.: an image of the god- 
 dess vhicli did not r. lur under a human 
 foi-m, simul:icrum deae non effigie liu- 
 mana, Tac. H. 2, J : not only his form 
 and countenance but also his honour 
 and glory is r.'d, non niodo species 
 et vultus sed honor etiam et gloria 
 refertur, I'lin. Ep, 2, 7, extr. : to r. the 
 Cyclops by dancing, sal tare Cyclopa, Hor. 
 S. I, 5, 6} : o play of Afra7iius uas r.'d, 
 inducta est Afranll (fabula). Suet. Ner. 
 II : a play which is interuied to be r.'d 
 a second time, fabula quae vult reponi, 
 Hor, A. P. 190 : to r. persons as talcing 
 
 part in an imaginary dialogue, fictani 
 uraiiotiem personls induere. Quint. 4, I, 
 28. II. To stand in the place if another : 
 liest c.xpr. by plir. : the magistrate r.s 
 the Stat-;, magistratus geril p<'rRoMani 
 civitatis, Cic. Off. I, J4, 1 24 : Uiere is no 
 one who r.s the deceased nwre directly, 
 nulla est persona quae ad vlceni (ejus) 
 propitisaccodat. Id. Leg. 2, 19, 48 : under 
 pretence of r.iiig another person, per 
 speciem alienae lungendae vicis, ],iv. i, 
 41 : Aeneas, who n-ill r. ymir niime, 
 .\enea8qui te nomine redilet, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 768. Ill, To point out : p'opi'mo, 
 
 p<5sul, pOsltum, J : tor. the wishes of the 
 senate, p. voUintatem senatiis, Caes. B. C. 
 
 I, ; : V. STATE, I'OtNT OUT. 
 
 representation : I. TV'e aet of 
 
 represeuting : npraesentatio : a lengthy 
 r., diutina r., Gell. 10, 5, ad med. : (of a 
 de.^cription in words ; in the .same cap. 
 he has " totius rei sub oculos subjectio") : 
 V. DEscKiiTioN : of a play. v. per- 
 FORMAKCE : but more frcq. expr. by a 
 verb. II, A statement : editio : con- 
 flicting r.s, discrepans e., Li v. 4, ij: 
 V. STATEMENT. |||, Ijikenens, deli- 
 
 neation : tmago. inis, /. : v. uiKENtLSS. 
 IV, In polit. sense; Phr. : there 
 vas no popular r., *nulli delegabantur 
 qui civium suorum personam gererent ; 
 qui civium suorum voluntatem in 
 summo reipublicae proponerent, de- 
 clararent. 
 
 representative (subs.) .• 1. vi- 
 carius : the r. of another man's rights, 
 V. alieni juris, Cic. Caecin. 2", S7 (q. v.) : 
 V. suRsrmrrE, DEPUTV. 2. procurator: 
 Cic. : V. AGENT. 3. auclor : the r. oj 
 the senate, a. senatus, Cic. Phil. 9, i, 7 : 
 cf. de Or. 2, 47, 194. 
 
 representative (adj.) : a r. gnve^-n- 
 ment, *respublica (forma reipublicae^ 
 in qua penes viros quosdara populi 
 sufTragiis delectos summa rerum est : 
 v. preced. art. 
 
 repress : 1. reprlmo, pressi, pres- 
 sum, J : tor. one's anger, r. iracundiam, 
 Ter. Ad. 5, J, 8 : v. RfaTKAiN, check. 
 2. cohibeo, coercco, 2 : v. to re- 
 strain. 3. rJfuto, I: to r. nations 
 by var, r. bello nationes, Cic. IVov. 
 Cons. If, 52: to r. his avarice, r. illius 
 cupiditatem, id. F.im. i, 9, 2;. Phr.: 
 they admit that the rimspirary vas r.'d, 
 revictam conjurationeni fatentur, 'I'ac. A. 
 
 15. •;?■ 
 
 re"ression : 1. refrenStlo : the r. 
 ff painful emotions, r. doloris, Sen. Ira, 
 i, 15, J: V. RESTRAINT. 2. cOhibitio : 
 
 Lact. (Usu. expr. by verb: v. preced art.) 
 
 reprieve (subs.) : expr. by mora 
 (mortis, supplicii), Cic. Verr. 5, 64 
 (q. v.): to obtain a r., morani mortis as- 
 sequi, id. ib. ; or bydiliitio: v. respite. 
 
 reprieve (v.) .• to r. a criminal, 
 perh. * dies (paucos) prorogare damnato ; 
 breve vitae spatium indulgere : v. pre- 
 ced. art., and respite. 
 
 reprimandV v.) : reprehendo, di, sum, 
 
 } : v. BLAME, I! I PROVE. 
 
 reprimand (subs.) : reprehensio : v. 
 
 BI.AMK, REPROOF. 
 
 reprint (<-'•) •■ to r. a bonk, * lihrum 
 denuo tynis describere (Kr.) ; formiilis 
 typographicis repetere (Em. in Kr.) : a 
 honk prinOd in Home, r.'d in London, 
 * liber impre.s.sus Komae, denuo im- 
 pressus Londiiil : v. print. (S.B. — Ke- 
 cudo, J, which is found in HL L., has no 
 autliority.) 
 
 reprint (subs.) : . * liber denuo im- 
 pressus. 
 
 reprisal : nearest word tiilio, onis, 
 f. : r.s are made on both siiles, actio 
 mutua (al. nniiuae) talionis oritur, (Jell. 
 20. i: to maker.s, retalio, i, id. lb.; v. 
 
 RETALIATION. 
 
 reproach ("•): 1. objlcio, jecl, 
 jectmn, j (to cast in one's teeth ; consir. 
 with ace. of the direct obj., dat. of the 
 indirect obj. : also with ace. and inf., 
 quod, or de) : to r. any 07i« vith his 
 humble origin, ignobilltatem alicui o., 
 Cic. Phil. }' 6, I?, to r. am/ one for his 
 avarice, infaniiam pecuniae alicui o.. 
 Veil. 2, >J, 2: he r.'d him with taking 
 poets into the prorinoe, ubjecit ei ut 
 2 \ 
 
 probrum quod in provinciam puelac 
 duxlsseu Cic. 'fuse, i, 2, ?. 2. obj<-cto, 
 I (stronger than prec.-d., of which ii is 
 the frequent. : rarely wiih in/.); to r. 
 any ime with poverty, o. alicui inopiam, 
 PI. Trln. }, 2, 28 : to r. nve for shedding 
 a few tears, mlhi lacrimiilam o., Cic. 
 Plane. }i, if: 3. exprobro, 1 (to 
 upbraid) : tliat letter seems to r. me 
 as it were for remaining aliie, iliac 
 (litcrae) videntur qua.-^i e. quod iii viu 
 maneam, Cic. Fam. 5, i;, }. Join ; e. 
 aut objicere, id. Verr. 5, 50, ij2. 4. 
 opprobro, i (»yn. of preced.) : PL : (Jell. 
 5. accuso, I (to accuse : sometimeH 
 with tico ace. one being apron, neut.) : 
 to r. any one daily, quotidie a. aliuuem, 
 Ter. Heaut. i, 1. 50 : he rj his ton ad- 
 mirably in a letter, Olium in epistola 
 praeclare accusat, Cic. Off. 2, 15. JJ ; v. 
 
 FIND FAULT WITH. 6. Compello, I 
 
 (to address reproachfully) ; his mother 
 never beheld him uitluiul r.ing him at a 
 fratricide, neque aspexit mater quin 
 enm fratricidam compellaret, Nep. Ti- 
 moi. I, 5: Liv. 22, 12, ad fin. 7. 'n- 
 crfpito, I (to chide UnuUy) : to r. any 
 one with couardice, i. i^iaviani alicui, 
 Val. Max. f, }, ext. I. Join: L atqae 
 incusare, Caes. B. G. 2, 15 : v. chu>e, 
 REPROVE. Phr.: tor. any one with. 
 absence from his country, alicui vitio 
 vertere quod abesset a palria, Cic. Fam. 
 7, 6 ; they addcl that J was somewhat 
 r.'d, addebant me subaccusari, id. Alt 
 i6, 7 : to r. him witli his toss, damnum 
 (ejus) inspctari. Pliaedr. ?, ii, i: tor. 
 any one vith the vileness of his life, 
 insequi turpitudluem vitae, Cic. Sull. 
 29. 81. 
 
 reproach (subs.) : \. An upbraid- 
 ing : 1. objectatio : the r.s of others, 
 o. aliorum, Caes. B. C. j, 6o. (Objectio 
 occurs in Tert. ; objei tamenium in 
 App.) 2. exprobratio the act of re- 
 proaching any man with h is former mis- 
 fortune, e. cuiquam veteris fortunae. 
 l^iv. 2?, J5. 3. vitui)C'ratlo (blame, 
 censure.) ; to incur a r., In aliquam v. 
 cadere, Cic. Att. 14, i j, ad med. ; with 
 Joll. ace. and inf., id. ib. 16, 7 ; v. blamk. 
 4, auimadversio: nor can ice at-oid 
 the r., nee a. effugere possumus, (Sc. Or. 
 57, 19; : V. KEPitfWF. 5. culpfitio ; 
 
 Gell. 10, 22, ad init. (in pi. num.). 6. 
 opprobrium (reproachful, bitter lan- 
 guage): to be stung by unfounded rj, 
 morderi o. falsis, Hor. Ep. i, 16, j8. 
 (Opprobratio occurs in Gell. 12, 12.) 
 7. probrum (syt}. of preced.) : to 
 utter no r.. p. nullum objectare, Aucl. 
 Dom. 29, 76 : to cast r.s at any one, p. 
 in aliquem jactare, Liv. 29. 9 : to upbraid 
 with more bitter r.s, gravioribus probris 
 increpare, id 2;, 4;. 8. conviclum 
 (reviling) : to demand vnth daily r.i, 
 efBagitarequotidiaiioconvicio, Quint. Ep. 
 ad Tryph., init. : v. reviling. Inmin. : 
 ConviciGlum (a slight r.): to assail with 
 r.s, conviciolis laces-sere, l^inipr. Alex. 
 Sev. 28, ad fn. 9. coniCinielia (i»i- 
 suttivg, haughty language): v. is.-intT, 
 TAUNT. Join: c. ct prubra, Tac. H. 4, 
 4;. Phr.: aclcnoirledging the truth of 
 the )•., vera cxprobrari fatcnles, id. A. i, 
 44 : uhat r.s of conscience, quae ix>n- 
 scientiae vulnera in aninio. Cic Off. }, 
 21, 8s : u'orthy of r., culpaius. Virg. 
 Aen. 2. 602 ; exprobrabills, Vulg. Prov 
 xviii. I : u-ithout r.. sanctus, v. irrb- 
 pbo.achable, .STAINLKS8. II A dis- 
 
 grace : 1. opprobrium (applieil to [jcr- 
 sons or things) : to be a r. to the state, 
 civitati esse opprobrlo Nep. Con. 1,4: 
 the r. of the village, o. pagi, Hor. Od. 2, 
 
 II, 4 : "v. DISGRACE, SCANDAL. 2. "P- 
 
 prubramentuni : PI. 3. probrum : 
 
 poverty began to be considered a r., 
 jwupertas pmbro haberl coepit. Sail. C. 
 12: country life, which you think ought 
 to be a r. anil a scandal, vita rustic* 
 quam tu probro ct criniini putas esse 
 oportere, Cic. Itosc. Am. 17, 48. 4. 
 crimen, Inis, n. (ground of accusation) ; 
 you k-rieir it u ould be made a r. to you. 
 sciebas lihl crimini datum irl, Cic Verr 
 5, 29, 74 ; to be stung by a r., crimine 
 vuluerari, Ov. U. 19, 105. 5. nOtn 
 (nt
 
 KErROACUER 
 
 R K P U G N A N C E 
 
 KEPUTATION 
 
 (biand, mark of ignomivy-) ■ O shame- 
 ful r. of those times'. turpem notam 
 temporuni illornm. Cic Off. I, i8. 1A; 
 6 vituperatio (rare) : Iht third r. 
 of old' aqe comes next, sequilur tenia v. 
 sinectufis. Cic. Sen. i:, J9- "^.» ^• 
 to him, ea res ilU vituperaliuni fuit, la. 
 
 '"'reproaciier: exprobra.or : Sen. Con- 
 
 ir-r''2^'&rs^;raS: 
 
 comolation that -s nU r.. solaiium non 
 c Plin Kp. 5, i6. a<i./m. 3. expro- 
 bratrix (no ma^c) : an undue andr. 
 remembrance, nimia et e. n.emona. Sen 
 Ben. 1. 12. 2- (N.«-Cnmmosus .. 
 rather slanderous. insMwg i u may, 
 however, son.eiimes expr. reproach ; as, 
 orationes in patresc , Liv. 8, .2, a<i./i«) 
 Phr a r. Lfc, perh. * vultus objurga- 
 tione plenus: to scan with r. ylawes, 
 perh pererrare luminibus tacitis, Virg. 
 Aen 4, j64 (v. comni. ad loc). 
 
 reproachfully: ---* -rd -. 
 minose, Cic. Husc. Am. 20. 55 Cbut v. 
 oreced. art.). Belter expr. by an adj. 
 SrTerb V. bkproach, reproachful: 
 Phr.: to address any one r., compei- 
 lare aliquem, Liv. 11.12. 
 
 reprobate ("■)•• improbo, i. v. con 
 
 DEMN, RWKCT. , i n 1 
 
 "^reprobation: i'"P™''^^ ^jl^n" 
 
 DiafNATION, REJECTION. AS tkeol. t., 
 
 reprobatio, Tert. . j .^ 1 r6- 
 
 giinTf'?^-. 5. 2% ' 2. T-r.' 
 
 ! Plin. 12, ., 5- 3. recreo, i: tor. 
 
 it-.r/T^^^^ \^^-^'- 
 
 le^'tMl rii'^rn^ r. ,to r. the 
 TharJer and^ures of th.ir p<^ents 
 r. mores moiusque Pir'^ntum, Lucr. i. 
 COT ■ to r. a play, iterum fabulam r., 
 Wt Hec. prol. l, 1 Ca P}fon- f P/'V 
 2 r6p6no, p6sui, pOsitum, J (to r 
 on tAe s4e) •• to r. the character of 
 AchUles, r. Achillea., Ho^r. A P. I20. 
 to r. a pl^y. -'^bulam. Id. .b^ .90.^ ^^ 
 
 rPBTOOf- 1. objurgatio (often of 
 ^^^,h^.^!nfive r') ; to disabuse one 
 Tf ^'e^Cyr. or rather by r^vUing^ 
 SrgaXne ^aut potius convic.o ab 
 erJor. avellere aliquem C.c. Off- 5. 21. 
 8. Join: castigatio aut o., id. Att. i, 
 10 2 castigatio (.;omct<>«0 : « raild 
 r%lemensc.'cic.Off 1.J8, in: a 
 siUnt r., tacita c, L'^. 21, 10 S re 
 prghensio (censure): ^o fear the r.v 
 thf learned, vereri r. doct«rum, cic. ur. 
 r, 4 vituperatio : the Jear of a 
 
 'J- unrZntedr., fmor non injustae 
 vituperationis, C.c. Hep. 5. 4- ^-^^ 
 peimtio: he did not l"-ofj^y{'"^^ 
 
 ^^onhecen^or):Cic^Clu^46.Y8- ^^ 
 
 to r vi^relu, vehementer o., 'd. AM. j, 
 to r. sei'ereiy. „vnr 1 mo brachio 
 
 ,0: to r 9flyf^-^^^,lt. objurgito, 
 »-:pi- Trin'l 2 JO.) Vcastigo..(to 
 arn-(k\ to r «»' J <«<e, verbis c. aliquem, 
 
 for . , c. illos secrete quod ... . , Caes 
 R r I 60 3 reprehendo. di, sum, 5 
 
 loVprTm^nd): *«r-»>f;X"o/ 
 Pic Verr J, 2, 4 to r. t/ie tasunessoj 
 ^hetlTps. 't^m'erltatem njilHum r., Caes^ 
 B. G. 1, 52 : to r. in a kind «'«»/' «"*^ 
 «^k« amice gimpliciterque r., Phn. tp- 
 n.'i^to '. othm/or the sarm offences 
 
 uTiick they had '^'^^ted.j.^^Z^^^ 
 eodem genere in quo ipsi offendissent, 
 C\c Clu ?6 q8. 4. vitupgro, 1 . y. 
 ceksuLe. blaIe. ^b. iucrepo (ay. 
 alum), ui, uum, i : {to upbraid lowly) 
 to r. his ai-ro!jance in verse, versibut, h 
 arrogantiam, Cic. Acad. 2, 2?, 14 '-e ' « 
 him\wst se,erdy far entering the city 
 acerrime increpuit quod urbem iiitioi^- 
 set Tkc? A. 2, 59- 6. per^tringo, nx. 
 cium ? (to uoarid slightly): to r.his 
 "^'0} living in miUi terms, Xeu.^^ 
 verbis cultum p., Tac. A. 2, 59. ^^^ 
 1 corripi", ripu., reptura, j (.to ta.e 
 
 vav, inimice c. Quint, it i. 68- w«J^ 
 ;,.e<^e r.<i a«d rated by the ccns^^n 
 strong Unx,uage, convic.o consulis cor 
 
 ■•"^PTno"'" -rVh^'cens^r:^ 
 rep^X>^>U^^ l»^ethato,^kt to 
 i/r.d, amor dignus notan, Hor S. , ?, 
 24. 9. i-etaxo, I (very rare) : Suet. 
 
 ^reorover: 1- objurgator: he is 
 in'olerXlot merely as an <^^^-^;^^l 
 even as a r.. non modo accusator sed ne 
 o. quidem ferendi.s est .s. C.c Verr. 32, 
 4 2 castigator : Liv. : Hor 3._[e 
 tehenso?: Cic Ov. 4. vitiiperator 
 falTo viiupero, Gell.) : v. ^^^^l^^^.J^l 
 censor: v, censor. Join: c. castiga- 
 
 ^Te^ST-pr.^7,rtD7Tv. 
 
 Cic, Tusc. 5, n, J8; cf. M. U- ^' y. 
 122 repens animans, Lucr. }. J89- as 
 a" «. re'ptile CVulg- Gen. 1. 20) may be 
 
 "'reBUblic: best expr. by civi.as po- 
 puKcic^ep. I. 26 (def. to be " in 
 ^ua in populo Bm.t omnia hj^^]^, 
 loosely, libera civ.us. Id. Off. ?. 21. ^4- 
 the B of Flato, ilia comment.cia Pla- 
 tonis civitas, id. de Or. i, 5 J. 250: the 
 word res publica (or simply res ,n poet.) 
 Tloo wide, as it includes all forms of 
 government: still it does expr. the idea 
 Lmeames: e. g. "hanc unam nte rem 
 publicam, id e.t, rem P^P"''- /.PP!"^^"^^ 
 putant," id. Kep. I, J2. P^^-.- "^ the 
 Istablishment of a r.^^'^y^'^^f,] 
 nium, Liv. 2, J : " tlie r. of Utters. 
 ♦ civitas, quae vocatar, omnium eru- 
 ditorum communis. 
 
 ronnWican («<y- and subs.) -. best 
 expf ^? p6?flllis' (belonging to the 
 
 in a depreciatory sense, id. Clu. ij, 94- 
 
 'phr ■ astuanch r., vir liber el lorlis, 
 
 i,1 Ren 1 iq; *acer vindex custosque 
 
 Ubertis!afS.r Liv. 2. .: under ar 
 
 studium (as a mental chara^tei-utic). 
 
 repubUcation : the r. 0/ a book. 
 *repetitio (operis), Orel!.. 
 
 rPDubllsh: tlie nearest expr. are 
 reK Anovare (cf. Cic. Div. in Caec.l 
 21 68); V. RENEW, repeat: to r. an 
 ailthor, *novam editionem .scr.ptoris 
 edere (or perh. emitlere, Qumt.) ; edi- 
 tionem denuo reparare et renovare : to 
 r. in a stereotyped Jorm, *inslaurare 
 tabulis stereutypis. „„,prT 
 
 repu^ate: repudio. i: v. reject, 
 
 DIVOKCi;. -j.-t- „ „f 
 
 repudiation : rgpudiatio : v. re- 
 jection, DIVORCE. . - .. 
 
 rpnuenance; best expr. by a\i;r- 
 saao'(aW«S amy): siUnt r., taaU 
 a., quint. 8, }, 65 : or aversus animu.-. 
 Tac. H. 4, 80. It may sonrietimes he 
 
 Tac H. 4, BO- " m^'J »""'^-'""""'' 1 
 
 expr by 6di..m (hatred) : to have ar. to 
 
 r« .! o^regni capere, Cic. Phil. 2, j6, 91 ; 
 
 or f^slidium (less strong than preced) : 
 
 V AVERSION, DISLIKE. (N.B.— C.C. USes 
 
 repugnantia for contrariety, incompa- 
 tibility, opposition: cf. Tusc. 4, H, 29. 
 Plin. has ihe phr. discordia rerum J^, 
 4 I, A sn, and also tbe word anlipathia 
 [iv^V^JecaJin several places.) Phr : 
 ver,, many fail to see how great w then 
 mutual r.r quam ^aec inter se re 
 pugnent plerique non vident, Cic lusc. 
 
 J 2Q 12; r. to toil, inertia laboris. id. 
 Rose. Com. 8, 24: mutual r. of the ete- 
 ments, discordia principiorum, Lucr. S, 
 4.V to feel ■>:, aspemor : v. loathe. 
 
 repugnant: nearest word arersua 
 (tw^i^l away from: constr. with a.b): 
 mental emotions uhich are r. to light 
 reason, commoliones ammorum a recta 
 raUone a.. Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61 : also expr 
 by rfepugno, I (to be r.); deceit is most 
 r to friendship, simulatio amicit.ae re- 
 pugnat maxime, id. Am. 25, 92 : although 
 vature is r., adversante et repugnante 
 nalura, id. Off. i. JL "O^ ^^ bi'SISt. 
 
 repugnantly: repugnanter (w^h 
 re"s~); Cic. Am. 25, 91: b"* 
 better expr. by a phr. : v. preced art 
 rpuulse (v.): repello, repuli (rep- 
 
 puuTI^pulsU J : I «>="■'-•, "; \ ^ 
 foe, r. et prosequi hostem, Caea. B. C. 
 
 ^' repulse (sw^s.) : 1- repulsa(esp. 
 of elections) . the nutrtif cation of ar., 
 dolor repulsae, Caes. B. C. LA- to suffer 
 a r r. lerre, Qc. de Or. 2, 69. 280 ; re- 
 ferre, id. Off. i, J9. 158; accipere, id. 
 Plane. 21, 51 ; Pati, Ov. M 2, 91: J. 
 
 REFUSAL. REJECTION. 2. offenSlC 
 
 (mishap): Join: o. et repnlsa C.c. 
 Off. 1,21, 71. 3. expr. by a verb: V. 
 
 "'repulsion: as «. «. pe.h. *repulsu» 
 us ; or repulsio. 
 
 repulsive: l^'^'^T'^t 
 verb r force, "vis repellend.. || 
 Fig'- 1 offensus: to be r. and 
 
 odious, o. invisumque esse (aHc"'). ^ic. 
 Sest 58,125. 2. odiosus (/loteywf) : 
 pleasant rather than r.. jucundus pol.us 
 quam o., Cic. Sen. 8, 26: v. hateful. 
 3 foedus : v. loathsome. 4. 
 fastidiendus (very rare) : v. nauseous. 
 
 repurchase : redimo, em., emptum. 
 
 J torTa house, r. domum, Cic. Phil, ij, 
 
 ''reputable: hSnestus: t. respect- 
 
 ^"reputably : bOneste : v. rbbpect- 
 
 "«puteW:babeo.2:VR^Am^ 
 
 Station iUtbout an/ ad- 
 jnncTa poSd r.! very rarely « bad 
 ,0 a r for eloquence, f. l.ene lo- 
 quendi, Cic. Brut. 74. 259 ^ /« '^: 
 Veod a r.. tanta ce.ebntas famae id 
 Arcb ? 5 : a fair r., bona f. (evfiof to), 
 W Fin ?, n, 57 : j"^'tice is the ground- 
 yJkof auJting r., justi.ia funda- 
 mentum est perpeluae wmmendat.on.s 
 et famae, id. Off. 2. 20. 1^ i^^^^'^fgl^ 
 to acquire a r., profluere ad f., 'd- C^i. 
 J 6 (a strong metaph.: see the place)- 
 lop^ese,-ve the r. he has already earr-ed 
 ante colleclam f. ^onservare, id^)iv^ m 
 Caecil. 22. 71 : to havea regard for oms 
 r famae consulere, id. Hn. J, 17, 57 . 
 lervfre. id. Att. 5, 10, ad init. ; dare ah- 
 quid. Hor. S. 2, 2, 94; t^mperare. Ter. 
 Ph 2 I 41 : to be reckless of one s r., 
 ?ama; non pairere, Sail. C 25 : « W 
 to our r.. lamae detrimentum, Auct. Her 
 4 10 14: his r. sujlered somewhat f. 
 pauUum haesit ad metas, Cic. Coel. j. i. 
 15 (a metaph. from the race-course) : to 
 J!se one's ^, bonam f. deperdere Hor^ S. 
 I 2 61 : to impair one's r., f. atlerere 
 s'alL C. 16 ; laedere, Suet^Caes. 49. init.^ 
 de fama detrahere, Cic Fam j . 8 5 ■ to 
 rob an honest man of his'-.-spolM^Te 
 famaprobatum hommem, id. F "J- '9. 
 7-, : to sully one's r., . maculare de- 
 
 honestare, Liv. 41, 6;, Vl^tyLeV « 
 ,n 2 existimatio (good name) . a 
 griod r is better than riches bona e 
 divitiis piaestat, Cic. de Or. 2,40. 172 • 
 toZJge one's r.,e. offenders id. Plane 
 2 6; violare, id. Fam. ij. IV, "PPUg- 
 nare id. ib. MO, 8: to Wa.t or.es r.^ 
 
 lacerare. Suet. Caes. 75. ^t'- ■ J^J^^Z 
 rw r. to lose, nihil habere quod de 
 existimatio.ie perderet, Auct. "er. 4. i^ 
 '4: ,-,nned in r., exislimat.one damna- 
 tus, Cic. Flac. .5. iS-to recomr ones r 
 e. reconciliare. id. Verr. Act l. I. 2. 
 Join- fama et e., id. Quint. 15, 50. 
 <i ■ 5pinio : a r.for legal knowledge, 
 o legis ;cientiae. Cic. Off 2, U, 41 • «
 
 B E P U T E U 
 
 RESCRIPT 
 
 RESEMBLE 
 
 very high r.for valour, o. virtutis slngu- 
 laris, Cues. B. G. 2, 24 : to earn a r.. o. 
 facere, Cic. Brut 66, 2 {4. Join : faiiia 
 et o., id. Off. 2. 9, J2. 4. nomeii, 
 
 inis, n. ; (a good tiame): a tplrndUl n., 
 noblle ru, Nep. Milt. 8, 4: hU r. voalU 
 have stood higher, n. luajus I'uibset, Cic 
 Brut. 67, 2 }8: Lydia.oJ uwid-iidde r., 
 multi Uydia noinlnis, Hur Od }, 9, •}. 
 6. Idus, ilis./. (p;atse, rem^un) : to 
 have the r. nj a Jin shed mator, sumnii 
 oratorlb 1. Imliere, Cic. Brut. ^9, i ic : to 
 eiijoy a r., In laude vivere, id. Fmii. 15, 
 6, I : to be in re/iute, in Uuile esse, I'llu. 
 9,41,6; (ol tiling.-). 6. gloria (i/toi-i/ •■ 
 a strong ixpr.) r. for eloqueme, di- 
 cendi g., I'ii-. Brur. 68, 259: /11s jormer 
 r.for generalship, superior g. rei niill- 
 taris, Cae.s. B. U. 5, 29. 7. tOnor 
 (estei-m, honour) : to l>e in repute, in 
 lionure el pretio esse, Cic. Ruse. Am. 
 23, ■;■; : V. HONOUR, pyrKKM. IMir. . to 
 be in good repalt; bad repute, b<ne, male 
 audire, Cic. Fin. ;, 17, 57 id. Verr 
 I, 46, 118: for which our house ivus 
 aluays in high r., quibus semper domus 
 nostra floruit, id. N. D. i, j, 6 (v. ku)u- 
 KfSH) : having a slender r., mcidicus 
 dignationis, Tuc. A. 4, 52 : to have a 
 very bad r., infaniiu flagrare, Cic. Att. 4, 
 
 18: V. DI.SBBrnTK, INFAMY. 
 
 reputed {part, and adj.) : expr. by 
 a rel. iluuse : qui (quae quod) fertur, 
 habetur, dicitur. (N.B. — It Is incorrect 
 to use a part. pass, in place of tbe 
 clause.) I' h r. : Site is rd to be my 
 sister, soror dicta est, Ter. Eud. l 2, 77. 
 
 request (i'-)-- 1. rogo, i: v. ask, 
 DESIRE. 2. pi5to, ivi, or ii, itum, j : 
 V. BEG. 3. pr«5cor, i : v. prav, be- 
 seech, SUPPLICATE. 
 
 request (subs.) : 1. rSgatto : / 
 like him not merely on your r., but also 
 from the character you give him, eum 
 noil modo rogatione sed etiam teslimonio 
 tuodillgo,Cic. y. Fr. j, i, j, } 10. (N.B. — 
 The form rogiitus, us, occurs only in abl. 
 sing.: id. Fam. 7, i, 4.) 2. pet'tio 
 (rare) : / cannot deny your r., petition! 
 tuae negare non suslineo, Trajan in 
 Plin. Ep. 10, 2j: pgtitus, us, occurs in 
 Gell. : pgtitum, in Catull. 3. oratus, 
 lis (rare, and only in abl.): did he 
 write at your r. f an scripsit oratu 
 tuo ? Cic. Flac. 57, 92 : oratura (in pi.) 
 occurs in Ter. 4. P^x (now. and 
 gen. sing, obsol. : usu. in pi. : player) : 
 V. PRAYER. 5. desldeiium (^petition) : 
 to convey the r.s of the soldiers to 
 Caesar, desideria militum ad Catsarem 
 ferre, Tac. A. 1, 19. 6. expr. freq. 
 by verbs : to deny a r., to grant a r., 
 negare roganti, satisfacere petenti, Cic. 
 Or. 41, 140. 
 
 require : I. To demand. 1. 
 postQlo, I : they begin to ask, to r., to 
 threaten, incipiunt poscere, p., minari, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 14, 78 : he r.d rather than 
 requested, p<)»tulal)at magis quam pete- 
 bat, Curl. 4, I, 8. 2. exigo. egi, ac- 
 tum, J : to r. hiistagps, e. obsides, Caes. 
 B. C. J, 12 : to r. rather than ask 11 hat 
 he seeks, id quod petal e. magis quam 
 rogare, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, i. 3. posco, 
 pOposci, } (constr. with two ace. in act. 
 and one in pass. : the pi-rsori asked in 
 abl. after ab : cf. Lat. Gram. } 244 : to 
 ask: bencf freq. to ask urgmtly, r.) : 
 to r. their children as hostages, p. liheros 
 obsides, Caes. B. G. i. Ji : to r. the slaves 
 itho had Jled to them to be drlii'ered up 
 foi' punishvtent, servos qui ad eos per- 
 fugissent p., id. ib. 1, 27 : not mereli/ to 
 with but to r. and demand, non desi- 
 derare solum sed etiam p. et flagitare, 
 Cic. Verr 5, 28, 71. 4, rfposro, j: 
 to r. of another an account of his life, r. 
 ab altero ratiuiicm viUie. Cic. Verr. j, 
 1,1: to r. an account of their success or 
 failure, r. aut pro.spera, aut adversa, 
 Tac. H. J, I ;, extr. : Vlrg. : Ov. 5. 
 exposco, } ; deposco, } • v. demand. 
 II. To need: 1. 6neo, 2: v. need. 
 2. rSqiiiro, quisiri or Ii, ilum, j: 
 the affair r.d great energi/, res magnam 
 diligentiam requirebat, Caes. B. G. 6, 
 J4: so that we r. nothing further, ut 
 nihil sit [iraet'-rca nobis requireudum, 
 
 Cic. Fam. 2, 6, |. 3. quaere, quaei<ivl 
 or ii, Itum, j : to r. an orat"r's elo- 
 qutmce, q. eluquentlam oratori.s, Cic. 
 Verr. i, 10, 29 : I.iv (The freq. quae- 
 rito, I, occurs in Hi.) 4. 1>om:o, i>6- 
 ptjsci, J : what the matter teemed to 1 ., 
 quud res p. vldi-batur. Caes. B. (i. 7, i. 
 5 postiilo, I (rare) : as the nature 
 of the case shall r., ul causae natiira 
 posiulabii, Cic. Or. }6, 125: Piin. 6. 
 fSro, tCili, latum. } (to rentier necessary) ; 
 if your convenience shall r. it, si com- 
 moilura vestnim ferei, Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 
 77 : o-s oar circumj-tancfS r., ut ttmixjra 
 nostra ferunt, id. y. Fr. I, 4, 5. Join: 
 (. el jH)Slulare, id. Verr. s. 40, 10?. 7. 
 deslilgro, I (to led, need of) -. virtue r.s no 
 other reieard, niiUam villus aliam mer- 
 ledeiii desiderai, Cic. Arch. 11,28: tite 
 vines r. to be nateied, (vites) desidi-rant 
 rig. ri, Plin. 17, 26, 40 : v. want. Phr. 
 it r.s great labour, est magni lal)oris, 
 Cic. de Or. i, ; 1, 150 : you /< ill determine 
 as my integrity, reputation, and posi- 
 tion shail seem to r., statues ut e.\ fide, 
 fama, reque mea videbitur, id. Att. ;, 
 8, extr. : as the circuTnstanees of Vie 
 time r., pro tempore et pro re, Caes. 
 B. G. ;, 8. 
 
 requirement : expr. by ngcessarius : 
 V. NKCHivSABY (subs.) : Or by desiderium : 
 V. WANT. Phr.: the r.s ("calls") of 
 nature, requisita naturae, Sail, in Quint. 
 8, 6, S9 
 
 requisite : ngcessarius : v. neces- 
 sary, needehl. Phr.: these things are 
 generally r., haec plerunique requir- 
 untur, Quint. 6, j, 46. 
 
 requisition : nearest word perh. 
 posliilatio (a demand, whether oral or 
 loi-itten) : or postuliltuio, Caes. B. G. i, 
 40, ad init.: v. demand. Phr.: to 
 make a r., imperare, Caes. : v. com- 
 mand. 
 
 requital : 1. vtcis (pen. sing. : 
 no nom. or dat. sing. ; no gen. pi.) : 
 the ])enalty of the law, and a scornful r., 
 debita jura vicesque superbae, Hor. Od. 
 I, 28, J2 : Cic. .Sest. 4, 10. 2. relalio: 
 the r. of a favour, r. gratiae. Sen. Ben. 
 5, II, I. 3. expr. sometimes by mer- 
 res, edis, /. (reirard) : v. reward, 
 PUNISHMENT. 4. cxpr. more freq. 
 
 by a verb: v. foil. art. 5. retributio: 
 I,act. Phr.: the r. of a favour is con- 
 sidered burdensome, the r. of an injury 
 advantageous, gratia oneri, ultio in 
 quaestu habetur, Tac. H. 4, j. 
 
 requite : 1. penso, i (to counter- 
 balavce) ; to r. kindness u-ith IHndness, 
 p. beneficia beneticiis. Sen. Ben. }, 9, ? : 
 to r. evil iL'ith good, p. maleficia bene- 
 factis, Liv. J7, i,a<itni<. 2. rependo, 
 di, .-um, } (to weigh back): is this the 
 doiiry wherewith thou r.st the preserva- 
 tion of thy daughter's life? hac vitam 
 servatae dote rependls? Ov. M. ;, i;. 
 3. rgpono, ? : v. RETURN, repay. 
 Phr.: he can neither r. faithful nor 
 unfaithful friends, neque fidis amicis 
 neque intldis gratiam referre potest, a ter 
 Cic. Am. i;, 55 ; to r, an injury, injuriae 
 vicem exsolvere, 'I'ac. H. 4, ? : r. me 
 according to my deserts, redde vicem 
 nieritis, Ov. Am. i, 6, 2J : you could not 
 r. him, non poteras referre riceni, id. 
 A. A. I, 570: to r. any one, retribuere 
 vicem alicui, I,act. 6, 18 : ye '■'mts, r. the 
 UreeKs I'ith like suffenvgs ! hi, talia 
 (iraiis instaurate ! Vlrg. Aen. 6. 550. 
 
 rescind : 1. rescimio. scldi, sclssiim, 
 J ; to r. a judicial decision, r. Judii iuni, 
 Cic. Plane. 4, 10 to r. the ordinances of 
 the senate, r. constitiitlones .senatns. Suet. 
 Tib }i. 2. rCsolvo, vi. Ifitum, } : 
 to r. a stipulation, r. stipulationem, 
 Gai. Dig. 21, 2, 57, ad fin. 3. rjslgno, 
 I : V. cancel. 4. abrogo, i : v. re- 
 I EAL. 5. tollo, sustQIi, suMatiim, j : 
 V. abolish. 6. runipo, rupi. ruptum, 
 
 5 ; V. ANNl L. 
 
 rescinding (subs.) : 1. rescissio : 
 the r. of a foinier decree, r. prioris de- 
 creti, Callist. Dig. so. 9, 5. 2. r6- 
 st'ilulio: the r. of a sale, r. vendltionis, 
 Ulp. Dig. 41,2. It V. cancelling, re- 
 peal, AHROtiATION. annulling. 
 
 rescript : rescriptum : Tac A. 6, 9 : 
 
 PUn. Ep. 10, 2. (The form rescriptU 
 occurs In I>ig.) Phr.: to tend a r. 
 rescribere, Suet. Tib. jo. (N.B.— In a 
 less exact way U may be expr. by 
 literae : cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 49, 120: aim 
 sometimes by liber, codldlli : v. Lat, 
 Diet. s. vv.) 
 
 rescue (»•) •■ 1. erlpio. ripui, rep- 
 tum, } {to snatch auay: con^tr. wiih 
 ab, ex, de, or dat.) ■ to r. hii son from 
 deaOi, e. tiliiim a niort^, Cic. I>iv. 2, 10, 
 2j: to r. thrir aiuiitry fium Uie hands 
 of the enemy, e. patriam ex bostium 
 manibus, Mv. 5, 46, ad med. : to r. him 
 fiom your severity, e. isium de vestra 
 severitate, Cic. Verr. 5, 67, 171: r. me 
 from tliese ilU, eripe nie hib malis, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 565. 2. vliidlco, i (to claim, 
 hence, with the »ords "in libertatem" 
 understood, to r.) ; vrisdom r.s us from 
 the impuhes of lust, sapientia nos a libi- 
 dinum impetu vindicat, Cic. Fin. i, 14, 
 46: to 1: their name from otilivion, 
 laudi-m eorum ab oblivione liomiiium v., 
 id. de Or. 2, 2, 7. 3. lil>ero. I : v. 
 
 DELIVER, RELEASE. 4. servo, I (prop. 
 
 to preserve unharmed) : to r. from 
 danger, s. ex periculo, Caes. B. C. 2.41 : v. 
 SAV E. Phr.: to r. him fi om death at 
 tlie cost of their life, enm suo sanguine 
 ab Acheronte rediniere, Nep. Irion 10, 
 2 : tor. Jrom death, a morte revocare, 
 reducere, Vitg. Aen. 5, 476; 4, ?7;: to 
 r. the needy, opem indigentlbus i^lutem- 
 que ferre, Cic. Fin. 2, }«. 118 (cf salu- 
 tem absentibus horainibus dare, id. Lig. 
 12, }8) : r.d from slavery, servllule 
 exceptus. Liv. jj, 2J. 
 
 rescue (subs.) : no exact equiT. : 
 expr. by a verb <ir phr.: to coj;i« to the 
 r. if his son, filio subvenire, Caes. 8. G. 
 5. 15: cotne to their r., subveni illis, PI. 
 Kud. J, 2, 4?: nor is there the smallest 
 hope of a r.. ulla nee specula est quae 
 salutem afferat, id. ib. },},}: a m'ons 
 of r., ratio ex{iediendae salutis, Cic. .Mil. 
 
 4, 10. 
 
 research : investigStio : v. examin- 
 ation, IM;i:iUY'. 
 
 resemblance : 1. similTiudo • a 
 
 striking r., insignis s.. Liv. J9, 5J, ad 
 init: a perfect r., iniliscrera s., Plin. 
 55, 10, j6, ^ 88 : to bear some r. and 
 likeness to the nise, s. quandam speciem- 
 que Bapientium gerere, Cic. Off. j, 4, 16 : 
 a kind of government which bears the 
 nearest r. to monarchy, genus imixrli 
 proximum similitudini regiae. id. P.ep. 
 2, }2. 2. viciiiilas or vicinia (near 
 likeness) , these vices are excused on ac- 
 count of their r. to virtues, excusantur 
 haec vitia vicinitate virtutnm, Quint, i, 
 
 5, ; : Plin. 3. in!^tar, indecl. neut. 
 subs, (poet in this sense) : uhat a 
 strong r. there is in him '. quantum i. 
 in ipso, Virg. Aen. 6. 865 : Cic. 4. 
 assinmlatio ; a mai-vellous r., prodigloga 
 a., Plin. II, 49, IC39. 6. cognatio : 
 v. RELATIONSHIP. Phr.: a form that 
 bears simie r., aliqua non dissimllis ti- 
 gura, Cic. Dlv. 1, 15, 2?: what r. it 
 there between a letter and an harangue T 
 quid simile babel eplsUila coniioni .> id. 
 Fam. 9, 21, I : Swiftness borders on 
 
 fear, but slowness bears a closer r. 
 to courage, velocitas juxla formidinem, 
 cunctatlo propiorconsuuiiiae est, Tac. G. 
 JO, extr. 
 
 resemble : 1. •'"P''- ^y s'niiiis 
 
 (con.-imilis, per-lmilisl sum v. i.ikk. 
 2. rffiTo. retail (.rettuli), rC-latum, 
 J (to bring back) : to r. th-m in speech, 
 r. e<is sermone, Tac. G. 4}. ad iiiit.: to 
 r. him in manners no less than in fea- 
 tures avd countenance, non minus 
 mores ejus quam os vultumque r., PUo. 
 Kp. ?, 16, ad fin. 3. acivdo, cessi, 
 c<->suni, J (to approach v>ay to) : in no 
 re.ipert do men mure closely r. the gcnit, 
 homines ad dixis nulla re proplus ac- 
 cedunl, Cic. Lig. 12, J8; S. D. i. {4, 
 96. 4. altingo, tlgi. tartum, ? (to 
 cimu near to. r. in qualitirs) : this event 
 is not merely a home affair, it nr-n r.t 
 a unrlike one, haec res non .'wliim ex 
 domestics est mtione, aitingit etiam 
 belllcam, Cic. Off. 1. 22, 76. Tu.-c. 4. 1 j 
 }o. Pbr. : tor. her faUie)- man-' I tously,
 
 RESEMBLING 
 
 RESIGN 
 
 RESIST 
 
 totum patrem mira similitudine cx- 
 scribere, Plin. Ep. 5, 16: the lake is so 
 boujuled as to r. a icheel, lacus est iu 
 similitudinem rotae circumscriptus, id. 
 ib. 8, 20. 
 
 resembling : simiiis : v. like. 
 
 resent ; no exact equiv. ; best 
 expr. by fgro, tuli, latum, j (to hear) 
 with the advs. graviler, aegre, molests, 
 acerbe, or by a phr. : to r. ani/thijiy, 
 fene aliquid aniriio iniquo, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
 2, 5: it may be sometimes expr. by 
 stdmachor, i ; indignor, 1 : v. to bk 
 
 AKGKV, tNDIGNAJJT. 
 
 resentful : nearest word iracundus : 
 V. ANGRY, and foil. art. 
 
 resentment : no exact equiv. : 
 expr. by ira (anger), defined as "libido 
 puniendi ejus qui vidt-atur laesisse in- 
 juria," Cic. I'ubc. 4, 9 : if settled, not 
 sudden r. be meant, use odium, which Is 
 " ira invelerata," id. ib. (v. anger) : to 
 lay aside his r., iracundiam dimitlere, 
 Caes. B. C. I, 8. 
 
 reservation : 1. retentio : Dig. 
 
 2. sepositio (a setting apart) : Ulp. 
 Dig. 50, 1 2, 2. 3. exceptio : an im- 
 plied r., tacita e., Cic. Inv. 2, 4'j, 140 : a 
 mental r., *e. animo instdiose concepta. 
 Dimin. : exceptiuncula. Sen. Ep. 20, 5 : 
 V. EXCEPTION, RESTRICTION. Phr.: xvitli 
 
 the r. that salvo eo jure quod, Ulp. 
 
 Dig. 16, J, I, 5 40. 
 
 reserve {»-^ ■ 1. reservo, 1 (constr. 
 with ace. atid ad or in, the dat., or an 
 adv. oi direction, to denote the purpose 
 for which a thing is r.d) : to r. this plan 
 for the last, r. hoc consilium ad ex- 
 tremum, Caes. B. G. j, j, ad fin. : to r. 
 one's pricate grudges fur another occa- 
 sion, inimicitias in aliud tempus r., Cic. 
 Prov. Cons. 20, 47. J o i n : r. et 1 e- 
 tinere, Caes. B.C. i, 2: v. keep back. 
 2. servo, I (constr. like preced.) : 
 he xoas r.d to speak last, ad ultimiim 
 dicendi locum servatus est, Liv j, 40, 
 ad vied. : to r. to onesetf full liberty, s. 
 sibi libera omnia, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, ad fin.: 
 to r. oneself for other opportunities, a. se 
 aliis tpmporibus, Cic. Plane. 5, i?. 3. 
 sepono, p6sui, p6sUum, j (to lay aside) : 
 / have r.d the subject for my old age, 
 materiam senectuti seposul, Tac. H. i, 
 I : Cic. 4, repono, pSsui, positum, j 
 (to store up) : to r. Caecuban wine for 
 festive banquets, r. Caecubum {sc. vi- 
 nura) ad festas dapes, Hor. Epod. 9, i : 
 Virg. : Cic. 6. secerno, crevi, cre- 
 tum, J (to set apart) ; to r. nothing for 
 'he public treasury, nihil in publicum s., 
 Liv. •;, 16. 6. excipio, cepi, ceptum, 
 J : V. EXCEPT. 7. rgcTpio, cepi, cep- 
 tum, ? (very rare) : he r.d this small 
 back building when he sold the house, 
 posticulum hoc recepit quum aedes ven- 
 didit, PI. Trin. i, 2, 157. Phr.: I have 
 r.d the consideration of the lands of 
 tuo cities, duarum civitatuni reliquos 
 feci agros, Cic. Verr. j, 44, 104 : to r.for 
 anotlier occasion, differre (aliq\iid) in 
 aliud tempus, id. Brut. 87, 298. 
 
 reserve (subs.) : j. closeness of 
 disposition : no e.\act equiv. : perh. the 
 nearest is taciturnitas : your r. caused 
 ffraver suspicion to light on you, sus- 
 picionem majorem tua t. attulerat, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 8, I : V foil. art. ||. A body 
 of troops ; subsidium : to post as a r., 
 in subsidiis locare. Sail. C. 59 ■ to send 
 up r.s, s. submittere, Ca- s. B. G. 4, 26. 
 Adj. : subsidiarius (subsidialis, Amm.) : 
 hence, ilie r., s. milites Liv. 5, j8 the 
 line of r., s. acies, Auct. B. Afr. 59 : the 
 cohorts of the r., s. cohortes, Caes. B. C. 
 I, 8j. Ph r. : to form tlie r., subsidiari, 
 Hirt. B. G. 8, ij. 
 
 reserved (part, and adj.) : I, 
 Set apart : reservatus : v. reserve 
 Cv.y Phr.: o r. seat, locus assignarus, 
 after Liv. Epit. 99 ; certus, Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 
 44 • a r. don-ry, ri'cepticia dos. Gai. Dig, 
 ^9, 6, ^l, } 2. II. Close in disposi- 
 tion : 1. rgconditus to be of a 
 melancholy and r. disposition, natura 
 tristl et r. esse, Cic. Quint. 18, 59. 2. 
 tectus . ice can be r. touards strangers, 
 lecti esse ad alienos possunuis,Cio. Kosc. 
 Am. 40, 116. 3. occultus to beuare 
 676 
 
 of r. characters, ab o. cavere hominibus, 
 Liv. 25, 16. Join: o. ac tectus, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 17, 54. 4. abstriisus: Tac. A. 
 
 I, 24. 5. tacitumus : alirays sad 
 and r., trisiis semper, t., Cic. Sest. 9, 21. 
 
 reservoir ; 1. lacus, lis (tank, 
 
 cistern) to pave the r.s with stone, 1. 
 lapide steraere, Liv. J9, 44. 2. '■'*- 
 tenia (underground r.) ; Plin. ;6, 2 J, 
 52. 3, castellum (the r. of an aque- 
 duct, anciently dividiculum, Fest. : v. 
 Diet. Ant. " Aqueduct ") : Plin. !6, 15, 
 24, ^ 121: Viir. 4. piscina (usii. a 
 pond) : a wooden r., p. lignea. Plin. 
 J4, 12, J2. 5. area (small cistern): 
 
 Vitr. 6, J, 2. 6. expr. by immis- 
 sarium or receptaculum (aquae), V^itr. 
 8, 7 (6), I (q. v.). 7. conceptaciilum 
 (that iikich r.s something) : thi' veins 
 are the r. of blood, vsna est c. >aii- 
 guinis. (iell. 18, 10: of an apparatus 
 tor collecting wind, Plin. 2, 4?, 44 : v. 
 
 RECEPTACLE. 
 
 reside: 1. habito, i: v. live, 
 
 DWELL. 2. rgsideo, sedi, 2 (to remain 
 for a ivhile) : to r. in a rave, r. in aiitro, 
 Ov. M. I, 57;: / uould rather have 
 r.d in some toum, in oppido aliquu mal- 
 lem resedisse, Cic. Att. 1 1, 6. 3. 
 consido, sedi, sessum, j (to ta'ce up one's 
 abode, settle) : I am undecided vhether 
 to r. here or at Antium, dubito hie an 
 Antii considam, Cic. Att. 2,6. Fig.: 
 if depravity r.s in any person's heart, 
 improbitas si cujus in mente consedit, 
 id. Fin. i, 16, 50 (Klotz). Phr.: they 
 forbid foreigners to r. in ton ns, pere- 
 grinos iirbibus nti prohibent, Cic. Off. j, 
 
 II, 47 : victory r.s in the valour of those 
 cohorts, victoria constat in earum co- 
 hortium virtute, Caes. B. C. j, 89 : a 
 holy spirit r.s in our breasts, sacer intra 
 nos spiritus sedet. Sen. Ep. 41, 2. 
 
 residence : I. sojourn, stay. 
 
 1. manslo: a r. at Formiae, m. 
 Formiis, Cic. Att. 9, 5 • a protracted r., 
 diuiina m., Ter. Ph. 5, 9 (8), 2}. 2. 
 commoratio: that lovely scenery is fitted 
 for a r., not a temporary visit, amoenitas 
 ilia conimorationis est, non diversorii, 
 Cic. Fam. 6, 19. 3. habitatio. the 
 cost of r., sumptus habitationis, Cic. 
 Coel. 7, 17. 4. expr. by specific 
 terms: a r. in the country, rusticatio, 
 Cic. Am. 27. 105 : a r. in foreign parts, 
 peregrinatio, id. Tusc. 5, 17, 107. ||, 
 f'lace of abode: 1. d6mlcilium : to 
 take up their r. in the city, domiciliis 
 urbis uti, Cic. Agr. 2, ?2. 88 : to have 
 one's r. in Italy, d. in Italia habere, id. 
 Arch. 4, 9; in no other frame can there 
 be a r.for the mind, in nulla alia figura 
 d. mentis esse potest, id. N. D. i, 27, "76. 
 
 2. sedes, is, /. (sometimes in pi. 
 of one dwelling) : to take up one's r., s. 
 ac domicilium collocare, Cic. Verr. 2, }, 
 6: V. ABODE, SE.\T. 3. habitaciilum : 
 
 Gell. : V, DWELLING-PLACE. HABITATION. 
 
 4. domus, lis, /. ; v. housk. 5. 
 rus, riiris, n. (a country seat) : his an- 
 cestral country r.,T, pateriium, Hor. Ep. 
 I. 18, 60. 
 
 resident (part, and adj.) : expr. by 
 the verbs: v. reside, and foil. art. 
 
 resident (subs.) : habitator (/. -trix, 
 Auson.) : inhabitants and r.s., incolae 
 et h., Cic. N. D. 2, ;6, 140 : a foreign r., 
 peiegrinus (v. alien) : pluralists and 
 non-r.s, *pluraUstae et non resideiites, 
 Milton. 
 
 residuary: residuus: v. REJiArNiNo. 
 
 Phr.: ar. legatee, heres sine parte in- 
 stitutus, Just. Inst. 2, 14, 6. 
 
 resign : 1. cedo, cessi, cessum, j 
 (to yield, give up : both act. and neut. : 
 constr. with dat. of person in whose 
 favour one r.s) : to r. the victory to the 
 enemy, c. victoriam hosti. Just. ?2, 4: 
 to r. the possession of the gardens in 
 favour of some one, hortoruni posses- 
 sione alicui c, Cic. Mil. 27, 75. 2. 
 concedo, cessi, cessum, } (stronger thiiti 
 preced.) . to r. the candidature for the 
 augurship, c. auguratus petitioiiem, Cic. 
 Phil. 2, 2, 4. 3, rgmitto, niisi, mis- 
 sum, J (to give up) ; to r both provinces, 
 r. utramque provinciam, Anun. in Cic. 
 Phil. 8, 8, 25. Join : reddere ac r. , 
 
 Cic. Suit. JO, 84: v. RENOUNCE, GIVE UP 
 
 4. permitto, misi, niissiini, ; (to 
 surrender) : I have r.'d the n hole affair 
 into his hands, totum ei negotium per- 
 misi, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 7 (9), 2: to r. them- 
 selves to tlieir power, p. se eorum potes- 
 tati, Caes. B. G. 2, Jl r. the rest to the 
 gods, permitte divis cetera, Hor. Od. 1, 
 9, 9. 5. Oniittd, (linisi, omissum, j : 
 V. ABANDON. (J. depoiio, posui, posi- 
 tum, 3 (to lay doivn) ; to r. a province, 
 d. provinciam, Cic. Pis. 2, 5 : to r. ail 
 ho]>es of a (successful) struggle, omnem 
 spem contentionis d., Caes. B. G. 5, 19. 
 
 7. rgsigno, i (to pay back ; very 
 rare): / r. everything, cancta resieno, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 7, J4. 8, efTundo, fiidi, 
 lusum, J (to cast away, let go) : to r. 
 one's life, e. vitam, Ov. H. 7, 181 : Virg. : 
 Cic. Phr.: to r. a province, decedere 
 piovincia, Cic. Lig. 1, 2 (constr. also 
 with ex, de, or rarely ab) : to r. his 
 civil appointments, abscedere civilihus 
 muneribus, Liv. 9. j, ad init. : he twice 
 thought of r.ing the supreme power, de 
 reddenda republica bis cogitavit. Suet. 
 Aug. 28, init. : to r. themselves to mis- 
 fortune, submittere animos ad calami- 
 tates, Liv. n, 25, ad init. : to r. oneself 
 to fate, praebere se fato. Sen. Prov. 5, 8 : 
 we r. ourselves to circumstances, damns 
 nos rei ferendos, id. Ep. IJ, iJ (Haase). 
 (N.B. — Tradere, dedere se implii's active 
 devotion to anything, rather thai: passive 
 submission, which is better expr. by 
 praebere. permittere, etc.) 
 
 resignation : I. ''*« act of giv- 
 ing up. 1. abdicatio . v. abdication. 
 2. ejuratio : v. rknl'kciation. 
 
 3. cessio (only as legal t. t.): v. 
 SUKRENDER. 4. expr. more freq. by 
 a vb. II. Calm sniimission : aequus 
 animus : to bear a loss vith r., detri- 
 meiituni aequo animo ferre, Caes. B. G. 
 5, 52 (v. also patience) : with r., 
 patienter atque aequo animo, id. B. C. 
 J. 15. 
 
 resigned (part, and adj ) ; to be r., 
 aequo animo esse, Cic. Att. 6, 8, ad fin. : 
 V. patient. 
 
 resin : reslna : Plin. 16, 12, 2j. 
 Dimin. : resinula (a Utile bit of r.). 
 Amob. Phr.: r. taken from the tret 
 with a portion of the bark, pix corti- 
 cata. Col. 12, 2 J, Oil init. 
 
 resinous: 1. resinareus: Plin. 
 
 24, II, 59. 2. resinosus (full of 
 
 resin): Plin. 26, 8, Jo. 3. resinalis": 
 Coel. Aur. 
 
 resined: resinatus: r. wine, r. vin- 
 uni, Plin. 2}, I, 24: Juv. 
 
 resist : 1. resisto, stili, j (constr. 
 usu. with dat., dbs"l., or pass, iwipt-rs.) ; 
 to r. sorties, erupti(jnibus r., Caes. B. G. 
 7, 24 : to r. very bravely, acerrime r., id. 
 ib. 7, 62 : the power of the tribuneship 
 r.s the wilfulness of the consuls, vis tri- 
 hunicia libidini resistit coiisulari, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, 6, 14: the roots r. cold, radices 
 frigori resistunl, Plin. 19. 5, 2}, ad fin. 
 2. obsisto, stiti, stitum, { (constr. 
 like preced.) : / opposed and r.'d all his 
 plans, onmil'Us ejas consiliis occurri at- 
 que (ibstiti, Cic. Cat. ?, 7, n . it is im- 
 possible til r. nature, nalurae obsisti non 
 potest, id. Fin. 2, i?, 49. 3. resto. 
 stiti, I (rarer than resisto, with which it 
 is often confused in MSS. e g Liv. 6, 
 }o : Constr. usii. absol. : rarely dat or 
 adversus') : although moi e nunfrous yon 
 v-ith difficulty r. a small number, paucis 
 plures vjx restatis, Liv. 2?, 4?. ad fin. : 
 the plates r.ing the javelins, restantibiis 
 laminis adversum pi la. lac. A. 3, 46 
 
 4. obsto, stiti, I (in this sense only 
 fig.): v. wjth.stanu, thwart. 5. re- 
 pugno, I (constr. with dat. or contra : 
 in poet, also subj. or inf.) : they could 
 neither r. nor escape, neque r. neque 
 effugere possent, Cic. Verr. «, 35,91: J 
 did not "assail " Init r. your brother, non 
 ego " oppusnavi " iratrem tuum sed fra- 
 tri tuo lepu^navi, id. Fam ;, 2. lo , to 
 r. the evidence of sight, r visis, id Acad. 
 2, 54, 108. Join; r. obsistereque, id. 
 Fin. 4, 7, 17 : resistere et r, id. Rose. 
 Com. 17, 51, 6. adversor, I (usu 
 with dat. : in Tac. with ace. : In PL
 
 RESISTANCE 
 
 MESOI- V E 
 
 K ESO R T 
 
 with contra, advertus) : to r. (Ats man'* 
 luit, advcrsari libiilini hujus, Cic. Verr. 
 5, Ji, 82 ■ although nature r .v, iidver- 
 sante et rcpngnanie natura, Id. Off. 1, 
 JI, no- V. oi-i'osE. 7. rflragor, i. 
 ». THWART. 8. rfnitor, j {to struggle 
 againit): one moti</n r.s tlie otiter, alter 
 motus alteri reiiititur, Pliii. 2, 82, 84: 
 Liv. :Ccls. 9. obiiilor, ni.\us ur MiMis, 
 
 i: V. bTunCGLK AGAINST. 10. tt'llju, 
 
 tjtcndi, tensum, ? (to $lrivt in opposi- 
 tion) : when he sees Catiline r.ing with 
 great force, ul)l videt Catiliiiam magna 
 vl teiidere, Sull. C. 60 : v. contknd. 
 Phr. : to r.aoarice, cupidituti oliviuin 
 ire, Cic. Verr. 1,41, 106 tlie otiur leyions 
 dare not r., reliquae Icgiones contra 
 consistere non andcnt, Caes. B. G. 2, 17: 
 a hide that r.s all bltius, contra omnes 
 ictus cutis iiivicta. IMiii. 8, 2?, jt. to r. a 
 parent's authority, uuctoritati parentis 
 anteire, Tac. .\. 5, i. 
 
 resistance : 1. expr- most freq. 
 by the verbs : to have no thought of r., 
 nihil de reslstendo cogitare, Caes. B. C. 
 2, J4 : if it offers a greater r., si inagis 
 id renititur, Cels. 5, 28, iz, ad iiitt. 
 2. rJnisus, iis : id. lb. 3. rdpulsus, 
 ns : the r. if a harder substance, r. du- 
 rlorls materiae, Pliu. 8, 4}, 68. 4. rfi- 
 pugnantia: v. ophjsition. 5. detensio 
 (as amilil. (. <.): v. defence. 
 
 resistless: 1. invictus: v. ibre- 
 
 8ISTIBI.K, UNCONQDERABLE. 2. >"- 
 
 ddmitus . r. death, i. mors, Hor. Od. 2, 
 14,4. 3. more freq. expr. by a verb; 
 to be r., nullo modo obsisti posse, Cic. 
 Clu. 65, i8}. IMir.; o r. force of the 
 enemy, nee jam toleranda vis hostium, 
 Liv. 56, 18. 
 
 resistlessly : *ita ut resisti non pos- 
 eit: to (« borne r. atony, rapi, Cic. Kep. 
 I, 2, ail Jill. 
 
 resolute : 1. ob.-tinatns (prop, a 
 part., fixed, resolved: constr. with ad, 
 contra, or rarely inf.) : most r. valour, 
 virtus obstiiiallssima, Sen. Kp. 71, 10: 
 spirits r. for battle, animi ad ciecertan- 
 dum o., Liv. 6, j, ad fin. 2. offirniatus 
 (prop, a part.) : a brave and r. spirit, 
 animus fortis atque o., PI. Am. 2, 2, 15 
 (22): Cic. 3. firnius (steculi/): you 
 are not r. in defending the right, non f. 
 rectum defendls, Hor. S. 2, 7, 26 : r. in 
 his purpose, f. proposito, Veil. 2, 65, } 
 v.STEAUFAST. 4. Crectus (lit. up)-i^A<), 
 lam viuch more >"., multo sum eret-iior, 
 Cio. Phil. 4, I, 2. 5. promptus {for- 
 ward, readji) : aU the most r. were put 
 to death, promptissimus quisque inter- 
 clderunt, I'ac. Agr. j : r. audacity, p. 
 audacia. Sail. C. {2. 6. fortis: a man 
 r. in opposing audacity, vir contra au- 
 daciam lortissimus, Cic. Rose. Am. jo, 
 
 85 : V. BRAVE, COCKAGEODS. 7. 
 
 praesens, ntis (collected : almost always 
 joined with animus): to Itave a manly 
 and r. spirit, anlnio virili et praesenti 
 esse, Ter. Ph. ;, 7 (8), 64. P h r. : a r. 
 man, tenax propositi vir, Hor. Od. J, ?, i. 
 resolutely : 1. obstlrjate : Cat's. 
 B. G. 5, 6: Ter. 2. offirniate: to 
 resist r., o. resistere, Siiet. Tib. 25. 
 3. constanter : v. firjily. 4. 
 prompte : to meet death r., necem p. 
 siibire, Tac. A. 16, 10. 5. fortiter : 
 r. make for the port, f. oecupa portum, 
 Hor. Od. I, 14, 2 : Cic. : Caes. : v. 
 BBAVELT, ainuAGFonsLT. g. desil- 
 Date : Amm. Phr. : if you act r. 
 against him, si fortes fueritis in eo, Cic. 
 Verr. i. i, ?. 
 resolution : ) I. ''Reparation into 
 resolve : ( parts .■ best e.xpr. after 
 Cic. liisc. I, 29, 71, where, speaking of 
 death, he says. " disce>sus et secretio ac 
 diremptns earum pariium quae Junc- 
 tione aliqua tenebantur " : or by dissi- 
 patiu (opp. to concretio) Id. N. I), i, 25, 
 ■JI ; v. Dis.sf>i.L'TioN. II, Solution : 
 1, rgsulijtio the r.ofa sophism, T. 
 sopbismatis, Gell. 18, 2. 2. sdluiio 
 )d. ib.: Sen.: v.fWLTiTiox, explanation. 
 (N.B. — As a musical t. t. perh. it may 
 be expr. by "resolutlo; cf. the verb.) 
 IIJ. Firmness of purpose : 1, 
 obstinatio {firmness, in a goo(i or bad 
 sense); r of mind, o. aniuii. Sen. Ep. 
 
 94, 7 Cic. v. detebminatios. 2. 
 consiantia: to resirrt to death with in- 
 fiexihh r., irrevocabili coiistantia ad 
 moitem decurrere, Plin. Ep. j, 7, 2 : Cic. : 
 V. constancy. 3. firmltas: v. FIBM-. 
 
 NESS, iSTKADFASTNF.SS. 4. mens, 
 
 mentis, /. (courai/e): their r. is veak, 
 and incapable of sustaining reverses, 
 mollis ac mininie rcsistens ad calami 
 tales perlereiidas m. eorura est, Caes. 
 B. G. J, 19 : injlexibk r., m. sollda, Hor. 
 Oil. J, J, 4. 5. animus (spirit : esp. 
 in such phr. as praesentia animi, etc.) : 
 with no less r. and confidence, non min- 
 ore animo ac bducia, Caes. B. C. 2, 4 : 
 bravery and r., a. acer ac praesens, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 20, 84: such was the valour 
 and r. of the soldiers, ea mililum virtus 
 atque ea praesentia animi fnit, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 4J. 6. con.siliura (rare: r. 
 OS the result of precious deliberation) : 
 the bart>ariaj)s were not wanting in r., 
 barbaris c. non defuit, Caes. B. G. 5. 54 
 IV. Settled purpose : 1. consilium: 
 a rash and ha^ty r., temerarium ac re- 
 pentinuni c, Cic. Inv. 2, 9. 28 : danger- 
 ous and hot-hraded r.s seem more t/i-il- 
 liant titan calm and thoughtful ones, 
 periculiisa et cjilida c. quietis et cogi- 
 tatis splendidiora videntur. id. Off. i, 24, 
 82 : to fi/rm a r., c. capere, Cic. ; Caes. 
 (toll, by ut or inf.) , suscipere, Cic. Off. 
 I, jii H2; Inire, Caes. B. G. 6, 5; in- 
 tendere, Ter. Andr. 4, ?, 18 ; to change 
 orie's r., c. commutare, Caes. B. C. 2, j8 : 
 fortune favours his r., comprobal c. 
 fortuna, id. B. G. 5, 58. 2. sentenlia 
 (opinion, determination) ; to have 
 adopted some fixed r., certa aliqua in 
 sentenlia constitisse, Cic. Fani. 7, 17, ad 
 init. : to overthroir any one's r., pro- 
 posita s. (aliquem) depellere, id. Lig. 9, 
 26: nor could Scipio adhere to his r., 
 nee Scipioni stare sentenlia poterat, 
 Liv. 21. 29 : is this your r.f siccine est 
 s. ? Ter. Heaut. I, i, 114. 3. pro- 
 pfisitum : v. ruRPOSE, plan. 4. des- 
 tinatio; the r. of dying, d. mortis, Plin. 
 i6, 14, 21. Ph r. : a certain r. and will 
 of the mind, animi inductio qnaedani et 
 voluntas, Cic. Q. Fr. i, i, 11, ^ }l: it 
 was Tiberiu^ firm, r., fixum Tiberio 
 fuit, Tac. A. 1. 47: it ivas his thorough 
 r. to avoid the Roman arms, (ei) pe- 
 nltus inhxum erat arma P>om.ina vl- 
 tandi, Tac. A. 15, ; ; youth helps greatly 
 to strengthen this r., multum ad banc 
 rem probandam adjuvat adolescentia, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 28 : xvhose an-ical slrenuth- 
 ened the r. of our men, cujus advenlus 
 nostros firmavit, id. ib. j. 65 : to form a 
 r., consulo, lui, sultum, j (consir. with 
 de or absol.) : to form an unn ise r., 
 male c, .Sail. C. 51, ad init. V. -^ 
 
 formal expression of opinion : nearest 
 word senientia ; his r. being uiiani- 
 mously ail(pted, omnium consensu hac 
 .?ententia probata, Caes. B. G. 7, 15- freq. 
 expr. by verb: v. rf.solvf., No. V. 
 
 resolve {«.) ; I, To separate into 
 parts : 1, dissolvo, vi, luium, } : if 
 the sold is a harmony it will be r.d, si 
 aiiimus est hamionia dissolvetur, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, II, 24: lie see that anytliing 
 can be more rapidly r.d than recon- 
 striwtxd, quidvis citius dissolvi posse 
 videmus quam refici, Lucr. 1, 556: as a 
 wieii'c. t. t. in Plin. 20, 12. 48 (in which 
 sense also digerere, disculere are used 
 by Plin. and Cels.): v. dis!*<>i.ve. siklt. 
 2. disslpo, I: others think- the soul 
 is r.d into its elements, alii aninium cen- 
 sent dissipari, Cic Tusc. i, 9, 18: v. | 
 
 niSPEKSB, SEPARATE. ||. To solve, 
 
 explain : \, dissolvo, vi, solutum, ? : 
 how do you r. these points / ilia quem- 
 admodum dissolvillsf Cic. N. I), j, 12, 
 29. 2. solvo, vi. soluium, j v. 
 
 SOLVE, EXPLAIN. |||, As 1. 1. in music : 
 resolvo, vi, liitum, } (Kircher. Musurg. 
 vol. i. p. ?;4, sq. Home, if»5o). |V. 
 To di-termine : 1, siuiud, ui, utiini, j 
 (cniistr. with ace. and inf., rel. clause, or 
 suhj.) : he had r.d tn fight a battle, 
 statucrat praelio decertare, Caes. B. C. j, 
 86 they r. to send 10,000 men into the 
 tou-n, staluunt ut x millia hominum in 
 oppidum mittautur, id. B. G. 7, 21: / 
 
 hwi r.d to go straight along the Appian 
 road to Rome, staiuerani retla .\ppia 
 Komam (sc. ire), Cic. Ail 16. 10. 2. 
 consiituo, ui, iitum, i (consir. mostly 
 with inf.) : he r.d to vage war, belluni 
 gerere constituit, Caes. B. G. 4, 6. 3. 
 decemo, crevi, crgtum, ? : he had r.d to 
 cross the Rhine, Khenum transire decre- 
 verat, Caes. B. G. 4, 17 to r. to spend 
 the rest of one's days farf rum public life, 
 rellquam aetateni a re publica procul 
 babendam d., Sail. C. 4. 4. di-liljero, 
 1 (mostly in part.) : he Iiad determined 
 and r.d not to be present, slatuerat 
 et deliberaverat non adesse. Cic. Verr. 
 1,1,1. J o i n : d. et amstituere. Id. 
 Agr. I, 8, 25. 6. obsiino, 1 (rarely 
 absol. foil, by inf., to be r.d on : coustr. 
 wiih ace., ad, or inf.): they had rxt to 
 conquer or to die, oistinaveranl animis 
 aut vincere aut mori, Liv. 2{, 29: v. de- 
 TERsiiNE. 6. indQco, xl.ctuni, ;(c<iiujtr. 
 with animtim or in animum, and a foil. 
 inf. or subj.) : to r. to speak about did- 
 ■nation, animum i. de divinatii.ne dicere, 
 Cic. DIv. I, I}, 22 : to r. to labour and 
 to natch, in animum i., lalxjrare, vigl- 
 lare, Sail. C. 54. 7. e.\pr. by ccrtum 
 est (constr. with dat. of person r.ing): 
 I have r.d to say everything, cerium est 
 deliberatumque omnia dicere, Cic. Kot<c. 
 Am. II, JI : / have r.d to go to a phy- 
 sician, certum est, ibo ad uiedicmu. PI. 
 Merc. 2, 4, 4. 8. expr. sometimes by 
 fut. part. : r.d nouhere to trust himself 
 to fortune, nullo loco fortuiiae se com- 
 mis-surus, Liv. 22, 12, ad init.: they go 
 to battle r.d to die, •vadunl in pratlium 
 perituri, NSgeUb. Stil. p. jij. Phr.: 
 / am r.d, consilium esl mihi. Cic, AtL 
 5,5 : nens is brought that the Ihlvetians 
 irvre r.d to mar<:h, renuntiaiur Helvetlis 
 esse in ahimo iter facere, Caes. B. G. 1, 
 10 : if I were 7>ot firmly and unalterably 
 r.d. si mihi non animo lixum immotum- 
 qne sederet, Virg. Aen. 4. 1 S : if J were 
 quite r.d upon anything, si sails con- 
 silium quadam de re haberem, Cic. Ail 
 12, 50. V. To pass a fotmal resolu- 
 tion : 1. censeo, 2 (used prop, of the 
 Senate : constr. with aic and inf., or 
 subj.) : the Senate r.d tliat he should de- 
 /«ji(Z Me ^«rfui. senaluscensuit uti Aednos 
 defenderet, Caes. B. G. 1, }$ : v. decree. 
 2. placet, pliicuit, and placitum 
 est, 2 (to be approved or r.d on : consir. 
 with ace. and inf., or subj. clause). i< 
 was r.d that letters shottUi be vritten, 
 placiliim est ut epistolae scriberentur. 
 Vac. A. I, ;6: Caes, B. G. 7, ij. 
 resonant: rcsdnus: v. resocnuing. 
 
 resort v"^) I. To frequent: \. 
 celebro, 1 ; or frfquenio, I ; v. fbe- 
 QUENT. 2. conmieo. i (to visit often , 
 constr. with ad, m with ace., or adv. of 
 direction) : Delos, u hither all used to 
 r. n-ith their uares, Delos, quo "mnes 
 cum mercibus cumnieubanl, Cic. M.iniL 
 18. 55: Caes. 3. ventito. I (to cvme 
 often : constr. like preced.): chapmen .- 
 to them, ad eos uiercatores ventltan., 
 Caes. B. G. 4, J. 4. contluo. fluxi, } : 
 V, FLOCK TOGETHER. ||. 7b Aar< re- 
 course to: 1. itfciirro, ciiurri or 
 curri (the lal ter is more u.su. ■ i be tortner 
 in Caes. and Liv. . .-omeiimes trnpen.), 
 cursnm, ? : to r. to thai Irind of rxhorta- 
 tion, d. ad islam horiationem.Cic.CaKin. 
 2 J, 6;: to r. to pitiful prayers, d. ad 
 miseras preces, Hor. Od. j. 29. 59: Caea. 
 B. C. 1, 5. 2. d''8cendo. dt, .-um. ? (to 
 loivtr oneself to: oiisir. wiih O'l. rarely 
 with ace. after in, or adv. of direction : or 
 impers.) : to r. to force of arms, d. ad vim 
 atque ad arnia, Caes. H. C 7, ? J ; they r. 
 to that expetiitnt timidly and (riadnally, 
 ttmide at pedeieniim isluc descendunl, 
 Cic. Quint. 16, 51 : to r. toextnme mea- 
 sures, ad extrema d., Pollio in Cic. 
 Fam. 10, J?, 4 to I'hivh they never 
 r.'d before, quo nunquHm ante desceii- 
 sum est (al. discts,sum), Caes. B. C. i, 5. 
 3. conf'jpiu. fQei. J {to take refuge) : 
 to r. to entreaties, c ad preces, l^iiini. 6, 
 I, 4 to r. to the mighty p/wer of the 
 Etruscans, a ad florentes Klruscorum 
 opes, Liv 1, 2: (flkk Fob) REFUGE. 4. 
 re^urro, currI, j . to r. to those authors, 
 677
 
 RESORT 
 
 RESPECT 
 
 RESPECTFULLY 
 
 ad eos auctores r., QuinU i, prooem^ n = 
 
 V HAVE EECOORSK. 5. adhlDeO, 2 . 
 
 ^ EMPLOY. Vhr.- rm spot U, whuh 
 they may r., nulla sedes quo concurrant. 
 
 resort (-b-Vjj^^.^P, 
 
 berrimus. id. Att. 12. 2!.od/«; . j^- 
 static a very fa'ourxte r. of ^ea-bird^, 
 ,. gratissima mergis, V-'g-.^en- 5. 1^8- 
 to sU in places ofpMwr., .n ste"on^". 
 sedere, PUn. Ep. 1. 1 ?, ad tr.tt ■ v- «A^^T. 
 p h r • a market toum of the greaOUr. 
 in thtwhoU kingdom, forum rerum ven- 
 alium totius regni max.me celebratum^ 
 Sail J 41 a marl uhKh grew to be a 
 IZenfl. during the roar, per be Uum 
 Septum frequentari eraPO> '"™' r'J;,?,^ 
 n, ad fin. ||. Recourse : be.t expr 
 by the verb: v. also kecoUESE. P h r 
 the last r., extremum auxilium, Caes 
 v.EESouRCE Trans.: resono 
 
 , 'Tf^il^ J' ly^r"!! the starve 
 Ihen struckr.s theUmesfth^ (^jltenw.n 
 lyre, lapis recrepat Cyllenia murmura 
 
 pulsus, Virg. Cir. to8 . II. ^""^''t^e 
 1 resbno. i (with oAt. ot toe 
 sound.' or its soui-ce: poet, with ace.). 
 the }u>me r.s udth a loud uproar, re- 
 sonat domus magno strepitu, n«/- ?/• 
 Till: the thickets r. uith tunejul birds 
 v^rg^lta resonant avibus ««^»"s. V^^f; 
 G 2, 328: the shores r. with the king 
 faher, litora resonant al'^y""^'!;. J.'^- '^.„'t' 
 j}8. Join: recinere et r., C^. Brut^ 
 ir ni. 2 persono, ui, itum. i («o 
 tnPwith-)rthe house r,s -^^^^^'9-. 
 Sntu domus personal C.c. P'>*- 'O-^^- 
 Hor 3 sono, ui, itum, l_; the sea, 
 Twoodtr. with the noHh ,m»Z mare, 
 silvae aquilone sonant, Hor. EP?**- 1^,- ^ ■ 
 V SOUND. (N.B.-Ex.ono. . is found 
 in Petr) 4. rgcino, } : Cic: v re- 
 ^no 5 r5canto,iCveryrare): Mart. 
 ^86 J (N.B.-Not only the com- 
 pounds with re- which follow, but also 
 the corresponding simple verbs are 
 lometTmes used to express the idea of 
 ^^<7 ) 6 reclamo. i : thz seas dmh- 
 iX<^insi the rocks, r., scopul.s lU.sa 
 rpclamant aequora, Virg. tr- J. |oi- 
 '* T recrgpo. I the hollmo cymbah 
 r cava cymbala recrepant Catul. bJ, 
 jQ 8. remugio, 4 Cto ^lo'" ^'^'']- 
 Z I Jan gulf r.ing with tU south 
 
 bo'o'^l (°oW) : 'th. -ood^r-'l^^r. 
 
 silvae, Virg. G. ?, 22 J. W. r6t6no i 
 
 to thundJba^k):tliepacerM the 
 
 din, retonant loca {remitu,Catull.65. 82 
 
 11 rfggmo, I (to r. with groans) : 
 Stat.Th. 5, J89. 12. reclango. j : Amm. 
 
 13 retinnio, 4, m Varr. K. K. 2, 
 
 f,^''''% pLfnuTf^feSl: V 
 Fl Petr 4. expr. by a part. : the 
 far-r. Aufidus, longe soiians Aufidus, 
 Hor Od. i9.2: v. resound, sodnd 
 
 r^onnrre- 1 subsidmm (a hdp 
 tofallf^kupon) : I have prepared this 
 r.for myself from my j/o««/i hoc m,h. 
 I iradolescentia comparavi, C.c de Or 
 
 li/t! subsidia ad omnes vitae status par- 
 are id. Fam. 9. 6, 4: Caes. B G. 4. n 
 V KEFUGE. 2. auxilium (.help, aui) : 
 to deprive tlie lionwns of t.i'O great rs, 
 ™agna duo a. detrahere Romanis, Liv. 
 7, J J to try the la^t r., extremum a. 
 ex'plriri. Caes. B. G. J, S- 3. ^^^^f .^^; 
 usTreme^ly) : to have no r. against the 
 selUr. nullum adversus venditorem ha- 
 l>ere r., Pomp. Dig. 21. 2. J4, '"C. v 
 
 MTREAT, BEMEDV. 4. Cop.a (mostly 
 
 ^ur.: esp. freq. as milit. t. t.)i lest he 
 ieefe som^ other r. and desert you, ne 
 quam aliam quaerat copiam ac t« de- 
 Berat. Ter. Heaut. 5. «• 54 ■•/,*"""• 
 t t V FORCES. Join; facultates et c., 
 Cic. Verr, 2. 55. » 55 5. (ops). ^P'f •/• 
 (nom. sing, not used • iu this sense usu. 
 pi.): the vast r.s of the state tamae o 
 rei publicae, Cic. SesU I, i ; they have w> 
 6)8 
 
 r.s in themselves for a >^^IJ>y J±;^'\^ 
 est in ipsis opis ad beate v.vendum, id. 
 Sen 2 4. 6. facultates, urn. plf. 
 tZ irl ting, in this sense) : soch vntel. 
 leHual rs tantae f. mgenii, Cic. Att. ?, 
 \oZr^d. : the r.s of his country being 
 M^drain^d, exhaustis jam patnae 
 facultatibus, Nep. Hann. 6, 2. i hr,. 
 Tqu^k uHt, fertile in rs ingenmm 
 lacile et copiosum, yuint. 10, 1. i2»- '«= 
 )r.Sl«. r. UfC^no s. vener.t ..on babe- 
 i,ai Pir Phil. 2, 2Q, 14 ; nihil (111.) I eun 
 ^b'^nC,es.B%'U^■Upuius^^r^g 
 deprived of his r.s, exuto Lepido.Tac. A. 
 
 '' I'^^^apt (v)- \ To esteem highly 
 l'rbteVv"o.\ : to\:hisfeU.w tribes^ 
 men o. tributes sues Cic Pla..c. 18 45 
 Join o. et colere. Matius in Cic. Fam. 
 ,, 28extr. 2. c6'o. <^'"'' '=""■"'"' ' 
 (to hovour) : to r. any one, observatitia c. 
 
 (N^B^it is a stronger t^rm than the 
 nreced. but weaker than the f"'!- cf. 
 fd Am. 22, 82: not ordy to r. and love 
 S*h other, but even to feel P>;^ouvd 
 Ziard, non solum c. inter se ac d.l.gere 
 led et iam vereri.) 3. vereor itus, 2 
 ao regard respectfuUy) : whom he loved 
 h! a brother, and even r.'d as an elde, 
 Mie>; quem amabat ut ^atrem et jam 
 ut maiorem fratrem verebatur, Cic. y. 
 Fr ^ S i : the slaves feared him, the 
 children r.'d him all loved Mm, metue- 
 bant servi, verebantur libeu, omnes 
 carum habebant, id. Sen. 11, il- 't. 
 revereor itus, 2 : v. TO REVERENCE. a. 
 suS'^xi, pectum, , (to look upto): 
 to r. those men, eos viros s., Cic. UB. 2, 
 10 56. 6 expr. by verbs like facio, 
 aekimo, habeo. with gen. of price or 
 1 adv : I exceedingly r. Pompey, Pom- 
 I peium plurimi facio, Cic. Fam. J. .JO; ^^ 
 to r any oriels authority, auctontatem 
 alicujus magni aestimare, id. Alt. -), 15 , 
 
 lhabere,Cael. B. G. 4. ^1= ^It^net 2 
 VALUE. II. TO co7icem: ft^inf ■ 2 
 (used impers.): v. relate. No. 11. Phr _ 
 \s r.s liberty to change his mind^ 
 immutandam animi licentiam, Cic. Kep. 
 I 28: OS r.s is often to be expr. by oW. 
 alone, or with a, ab : unprepared as r.s 
 men, mcmey, imparatus a mil't'l^'Jf' a 
 pecunia, Cic. Att. -), 15 : y. foil. art. (IIL). 
 respect {subs.) -. \. High esteem. 
 
 1 observaniia : I was never wanting 
 in r for you, mea tibi o. nunquam detuit, 
 Cic. Fam. 5. 8. ,. d* '». ^ef as " per 
 Quam aetate aut sapientia aut honore 
 aut aliqua dignitate aniecedentes vener- 
 em.ir et colimus," id. Inv. 2, 22 : obser- 
 vatio, which in Cic. denotes ohsavation 
 is used for lespect in Val. Max. 1. 1, 8.) 
 
 2 hbnor : to give to every one the ranic 
 and r. due to him, suum cuique gradum 
 et h. reddere, Cic. Rose. Am. 4^, i JO 
 tomentiim any one out of r., aliquem 
 honoris causa nominaie, id. ib. 2. o,ec 
 pass. : V. HONOUR, ESTEEM. 3. Teve- 
 rentia (stronger than sither of the pre- 
 ced.) : r. for what is just and right, 
 recti r. et aequi. Mart. II, 5. 1= self-r., 
 sui r.. Sen. Ep. 7$, 6: tlie greatest r. ts 
 due. to boyhood, maxima debetur puerls 
 r Jiiv. 14, 47 : to show r., r. adhibere, 
 
 Cic. Off. I, 28, 99 (q- V.) : V REVERENCE. 
 
 4 vgrecundia (in this sense rare ; 
 constr! with gen. obj.) : r.for this rank, 
 V hujus ordinis, Liv. 4. 45. ad Jin. : r. 
 for aqe, aetatis v., id. i, 6. adfin. &, 
 "suspectus, OS . undue self-r., nimius sni 
 s. Sen. Ben. 2, 26: Ov 6.^ religio 
 (relligio: o religious r.orarre): rjor 
 an oath, r. juris jurandi, Cic. Font 9. ^^ 
 7 spectatio- Flor. Phr. : to U,se 
 utterly the r. of good men, bonorum 
 judicium funditus perdere, Cic. Alt. 11, 
 T i- my manner of lije has procured 
 Le the r. of men, vitae ratio dimanavlt 
 ad existimationem hominum, id. Cael. 
 t 6- did any rise out of r to him when 
 he came into the senate-hxmse ? an quls- 
 quam in curiam venienti assurrexii? 
 id Pis. 12. 26 : to pay one's r.s to any 
 owe, salutare aliquem. Sail. Cat. 28 • my 
 scm Cicero sends you his r.s (in a letter;, 
 salvebis a meo Cicerone, Cic. Alt. 6, 2, 
 extr II Regard, attention: ratio: 
 
 V BEGAED. P h r. : to liave r. to pertoM, 
 
 V PTO, No. III. III. Kel^tum. 
 reference- 1. ratio: "■ R^.tRmtice. 
 
 2 expr by various nouns, which, 
 howfver, c^ only be used in certoin 
 Dhr (i.) pars, lis,/. : thepover of for- 
 tune is great in both r.s, magna ^i via 
 fortuiiae in utramque partem. Cic. Un. 
 2, 6, 19; in every r., in omnes p., id. 
 S^st! 9, n ; omni ex (a) parte, id. Am. 
 21 10 (ii.) genus, generis, n. .• xn that 
 r ,'il^isto geifere, Auct. I>om. 6 14 . ^n 
 ' evei-y r., in omni g., C.c K. p. 2. io. m 
 somi r., in aliquo g., id de Or. 2. 4. n 
 cf. id. Pl..nc. 9, 2 J. (lii.) res, r61. / . 
 that it would help them in tivo impoitaM 
 r.s, in duas r. magnas id usui f^-re. IjJ'- 
 n 15: in other r.s, ceteris r. Cic. PhU. 
 2 46 in : in all '■•• in omnibus r., id. 
 Valin I n (iv.) I5>us (jjoint) : %n 
 Sr., uno loco, Cic Cat. 4. 10. 22; in 
 many r.s, multis locis, id. Tiisc, 4. }nxt- 
 3. expr. by a irr«p. .-(Dad: tnr. 
 of all other things, ad omnia all?. Ter. 
 Ad 5,5,46; Cic. Off. 2,6, 19. (ii-).fb- 
 he lacked nothing inr. of natural ability 
 vr education, nihil isti neque a natura 
 neque a doctrina deluit, Cic de Or. j, 
 61 229. (iii.) de: v. respecting, con- 
 cFRNiNG 4 expr. by the abl. without 
 a ^Tc^odal abl.) 'they mrpass the 
 others in r. of the theory and practice 
 of navigation, scientia atque usu rerum 
 naulicarum ceteros antecedunt. Caes 
 B G ? i- but what creature rsunvnddy 
 in r'.of figure f at figura quae (l^llua) 
 vastior ) Cic. N. D. i, 35. 91 (««• ^ ^f 
 ram). 5. expr. by advs. or adv. phr. 
 in other r.s, celfirum, C.c Q. Fi. 2. 14 
 (,2) i; ceteroqui (-quin), id Fam. 6. 
 19, I ; alioqui (-quin), Hor. S. 1,6,66, 
 celero, alias, alibi. PUn. [not good] : m 
 eve,-y r., ora.iino: v, entirely : ad in 
 omnia. Veil. 2, 2J, 6 ; 2, U, 1. ^-^f^l; 
 by a clause introduced by quod {asf(n ) . 
 il r. to your request that I should send 
 my writings to you, quod rogasut mea 
 tibi scripta mittam, Cic. Fam. i, 9. ^i- 
 
 ''respectability : '^.'ir^ ,\^e' 
 all r b. omnem amittere, Cic. Rose 
 Am J9 114. (N.B.-Spectabilitas in 
 Co^: Justin. 9. 21. 5. etal. is an oJicmi! 
 title, and therefore not equiv. to r.) 
 resBectable: I. Worthy of respect : 
 ^^l^hmeZ!{honourabU):boin in a 
 
 r. station, honeslo loco natus, Cic. 1 use 5, 
 
 20 58 : there is no opening for r. occupa- 
 tions, artibus h. nullus est locus, Juv J, 
 
 21 . the Cretans consider bngandager., 
 Cretes latrocinari honestum putaiit, Cic. 
 RpD ? Q 2. vengrabilis: v. be- 
 VEBEND. ^ 3. Mnus (often, used of 
 men of good Urth and standing). Cic 
 Clu.65,182: of r. family, bono genere 
 natus PI ( N .B.— Speclabilis is an offi- 
 aare'i^hetS Phr.: all ther. p^^ 
 in the state are agreed, omn^ honestates 
 civitatis una consentiunt, Cic. Sest 51. 
 109 a toUrably r.freedman. mundior 
 Ubertinus, Hor. Sat. 2, ■], 1 2. II. i^asS' 
 able,tolerabU: t616rabilis- v.tolerable. 
 
 respectably. ^ I. becomingly : ho- 
 neste r. dressed, h. vesliti, Varr. L. L. 
 « 16 III 6 Ji : Hor. : Cic : v. becently, 
 DE<^ROUS^Y. II. ToUral>ly: tSiera- 
 tiTliler satis : v. TOLERABLY. 
 
 respected: spectatus of no note a^ 
 aphy& but\. as am^n, milieus 
 ignobilis sed s. homo, Cic. Clu. ib. 4^, • 
 a most highly r. man, sp^ctat.ss.mus vir, 
 
 id Fam S 12 1 v. ESTEEM, HONOUB. 
 
 resDectflu • 1. observans a mar, 
 mo^^ iS:Zds me, observantissmiuji 
 mei homo, Cic. Q. Fr. i, 2, }. } >i. j. 
 reveiens his language towards his 
 father was v., semio erga patrem r., 
 Tac H I IT : V. reverential. a. 
 vergcuiidu's {showing a proper sense of 
 shame or deference to others) : v. modest. 
 Phr.: theii rise from their s'ats ina 
 r manner, honorifice consurgitur. Cic 
 
 "" respectfully: 1. rfivgren.er : Plto. 
 Ep ^ 21 . Tac 2. v6recund6: 
 
 V MODESTLY. 3. expr. by circumL 
 cum summa observaniia. etc. ; v. an 
 
 SPECT (I 1.
 
 RKSPECTING 
 
 REST 
 
 REST 
 
 respecting (prep.) -. l. de (constr. 
 with obt.) ." his language r. kimsdj, 
 eermo de se, Tac. H. i, 17: Cic. : v. 
 ABODT, CONCERNING. 2. cirra (coiistr. 
 ■with ace.): a dispute r. uords, c. verba 
 dissenslo, Quint, i, ll, 5 : Tac. 
 
 respective ( Kxpr. by the pron. 
 
 respectively ^ quisque. or a distri- 
 butive prun. or adj. : each {constitiient) 
 part in nature, whrther of body or iniiui, 
 has its r. entrgy, cujusque partis naturae 
 et in corpore et in aiiimo sua quaeque 
 vis e.st, Qe. Kin. 5, 1 7, 46 to appiint irtu: 
 commandant to each legion r., singulis 
 legiiniibus singul'is legatos praeticere, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 52 : to billet tao yladititors 
 on each householder r., gladiatores binos 
 singulis patribus fiimillarum distrlbuere, 
 Cic. Att. 7, 14, ad init. : also expr. by 
 hie . . . ille ; V. ONK, No. V. : if tliey 
 each, reply r., si respondeant singull 
 separatim, Justin. Inst j, 16: so, pro- 
 prle, singillatim : v. individually : 
 Tirltim, Sail. J. 49, ad ined. 
 
 respirable: spirabiUs: Cic Tusc. i, 
 17. 40. 
 
 respiration: 1. respiratio: Cic. 
 Tim. 6. 2. ri-spiratus, us . the lungs 
 expand by r., pulniones rcspiralu .-e di- 
 latant. cic. N. I). 2, 55. i j6. 3. spi- 
 rltus, us (o breathing) . the air ii haled 
 by r. sustains lixnng creatures, aer spi- 
 ritu ductux allt aniinantes, Cic. N. I). 2, 
 }<), loi (In the foil. phr. it prop, de- 
 notes the breath drann): his r. is be- 
 coming lilfficidt, s. labitur. Tac. A. 6. 50 : 
 8. interilusus arte meat. Curt. j. 6, 14: r., 
 spiriius meatus, yulnt. T, 10, 10 (cf. I'lin. 
 Ep. 6, 16, h): his r. had grown easier, 
 llberius me ^re s. coeperat, Curt. }, 5, q. 
 
 4. suspirium: Lucan 9, q28 (inpi.). 
 
 5, respiraiulum : Mamert. Plir. : 
 difficulty of r.. (tiflicuUas spirandi, Cels. 
 4 4, 2 ; anhelltus, us. Cic. v. asthma, 
 PANTING : to take an ay the breath and 
 impede r., spiritura intercludere nee 
 animam reciprocare sinere, Ijv. 21, 58: 
 r., aspiratio aerls, Cic. N. I). 2, a, 8{ : 
 to carry on the functions of r., atlrahere 
 et reddere animain, Plln. 11, 57, 7i- 
 
 respire : respiro, i Cic N. D. 2, 55, 
 Ij8: V. BKKATHK, and preced. art. 
 
 respiratory : spirabllis : r. organs, 
 s. viscera, I'lin. 9, 7. 6 : it may also be 
 expr. by spirandi officina, id. ii, J7, 72 : 
 a r. organ, perh. conceptaculum spirilus, 
 Gell. 18, 10, ad fin. (For the erroneous 
 views of the ancients on this subject, see 
 Cic N. I). 2, 55, i}8: Whewell, Hist. 
 Ind. Sc. vol. Hi. p. 527.) 
 
 respite : 1. niSra (delay) : to seek 
 a r. from punishment, m. supplicii 
 qnaerere, Cic. Verr. ;, 64, 165: v. re- 
 PBIEVE, DKLAY. 2. intermissio : with- 
 out any r., sine ulla intermissione, Cic. 
 
 N. D. I, 41, 114: V. rNTKRMISSION. 3. 
 
 intercapedo, inis./. (an interval) : a r. 
 from trouble, i. molestiae, Cic. Fin. i, 18. 
 61. 4. laxamentum (a relaxation) : 
 if there were any r. from war, si quid 
 laxamenti a belio esset, Li v. 9, 41, ad 
 med. : Cic. : v. kest. Phr. : to seek a 
 few days' r., paucorum dleruin iiiter- 
 Jectum pelere, Tac. A. j, 67 : to grant a 
 few days' r for a payment, paucos dies 
 ad solvendum prorogare, Cic. Phil. 2, 
 
 29. 74- 
 
 resplendence: splendor- v. bright- 
 ness, BRiLLiANcv : (resplendentia occurs 
 in Aug.). 
 
 resplendent: spiendidus: v. bright, 
 
 BRILLIANT. Phr.: to 6e ?■.. resplendere, 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 741 ; reuidere, Hor. Od. 
 2, 18, 2. 
 resplendontly : splendide : v. 
 
 BRIGHTLY, BRILLIANTLY. 
 
 respond : respondeo, dl, sum, 2 : 
 
 T. ANSWER. 
 
 respondent : I. One uho answers : 
 responsor PI. Kud. i, 4, 7 : better expr. 
 by averb: v. answer. ||. T. t. in laiv: 
 reus: v. defendant, accused. Phr.: 
 one side is that oftheplaintijT, the other 
 that of the r., pars altera apentis est, 
 altera recusantis, Quint. ?, 10. i. 
 
 response: 1. responsum (a re- 
 ply; also, the opinion nf an oracle): 
 CJc : Liv. : v. answer 2 carmen. 
 
 carmlniSi'n. (of an oracle) : v. prophbcy. 
 In eccl. sense, cunius responsorlus or 
 responsoriuui, isld. Orig. 6, 19 : antl- 
 phona, Paulin. Vit. Ambr. ^ 1 j. 
 
 responsibility : nearest word prae- 
 statio (i'a;ra»ijj/) .- to write under thf. r. 
 of proving one's datements, ad p. scribere. 
 Sen. Brev. Vit. ij, ad Jin. : it may also 
 be expr. by obligation. I'hr. : toun- 
 dtfrta/ce a heavy r., onus oflicii suscipere, 
 Cic. Kosc. Am. 38, 112 ; to undertake to 
 difficult a matter uith its attendant r., 
 taniam diflicultalem cum crimiiie sus- 
 cipere, id. Verr. 5, 24, 61 (Nagelsb.) : on 
 my own r., meo periculo, id. : v. risk. 
 
 responsible: I. Accountable: 1. 
 reus (inw who is bound, liabU) : that 
 each one should be r. jirr defending his 
 own part, ut suae quisque partis tuendae 
 reus esset, Liv. 25, }o v. account- 
 able. 2. e.xpr. by praesto, still, 
 stitum and staium. i (to be r. far^ -. 
 noliody can be r. for popular impulses, 
 impetu^ piipuli nemo p. potest, Cic de 
 Or. 2. 28, 124 : to be r.for nothing, nihil 
 p., id. Q. Fr. J, I, }, i 9. 3- expr. by 
 various phr. : to live under the im- 
 pression that we are r., ita vivcre ut 
 raionem reddendam nobis arbiiremur, 
 Cic Verr. 2, 11, 28 : to be r.for Cassias, 
 pro Cassio recipere, id. Kam. 11, i, 4: 
 to hoUl any ime r., rationeni reposcere 
 ab aliquo, Caes. B. G. 5, }o: the opinion 
 has preiailed that he is r. on the ground 
 of nrgligence, praevaluit culpae nomine 
 t<-neri eum, Justin. Inst }, 2;, 9 to ren- 
 der r., obllgo, I : v. RIND (and Smith's 
 liict. Ant. under obligalio) : a^guaidian 
 who ts ruit r., aneclogistus, Julianus in 
 Ulp. Dig 26, 7. 5, 5 7. II. .Substantial, 
 abU to pay : 16cuples, etis (trustnorthy, 
 safe, sure) : we are prisoners who are 
 sufficiently r., rei satis 1. sumus, Liv. 9, 
 9, ad Jin. : Cic. 
 
 responsive: repSrabilis: V. repeat- 
 ing, rebounding : where two persons or 
 sets of pi'rsons answer each other in 
 turn, alternus, Virg ii j, 59 (amoebaeus, 
 Serv., ad toe). Phr.: £c/'io resounds, 
 r. to their nailing, plangentibus assonat 
 echo, Ov. M. J, 507. 
 
 responsively : responsive : Ascon. 
 ad Cic. Verr. i, 56, ad fin. : v. preced. art. 
 (anliphonalim occurs in late eccl. L.aliu). 
 
 resc(s"6s.): \. Repose: 1. quies, 
 etis, /. (r. from care or labour) : tite 
 most placid r., placatlssima q., Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 41, 97 : soothing r., blanda 
 q., Stat. Silv. 2, 2, 140: indolent r., 
 pigra q., id. 2, ?, 66: death is a state 
 of r. from toils and sufferings, mors 
 laborum ac miseriarura q. est, Cic. Cai. 
 4, 4, 7 : to give the army three hours' r., 
 exercitui tres boras ad quietem dare, 
 Caes. B G. 7, 41 : my mind is on the 
 watch and I take no r., excubo animo 
 nee uUam partem capio quietis, Cic. Att. 
 9, II, ad fin. Join : q. et tranquillitas, 
 id. de Or. i, I, 2. Transf. : of sleep : 
 gentle r., mollis q., Catul. 6j, j8 : to go 
 to r., ire ad quietem ; quieli se tradere, 
 Cic. Div. I, 29, 60 and 61 ; dare, Caes. 
 B. C. 2, 14 : to disturb one's r., q. ali- 
 cnjus turbare. Prop, i, j, 17: v. sleep. 
 (N.B. — Quies was personified, and wor- 
 shipped at Home, 1-iv. 4, 41.) 2. rC- 
 quies, etis, /. (no pi. or dat. sing. : ace. 
 requietem or requiem ; abl. requiete 
 and requie) : r. from toils, r. laborum, 
 Cic. Off. 2, 2, 6 : to seek r.from one's avo- 
 cations, ex occupationlbus r. quaerere, 
 Luaeius in Cic. Fam. 5, 14, i. 3. 
 otium (leisure ; hence repose : some- 
 times pJ in^ioe(.): to pray the gods J'or 
 r., otium divos rogare, Hor. Od. 2, 16, i : 
 a god hath given us this r., deus nobis 
 haec o. fecit, Virg. Kcl. i, 6: to take re- 
 fuge in the haven of r.. in portum otii 
 confugere, Cic. Brut. 2.8. Join: pax, 
 tranquillitas, o., id. Agr. 2, J7. '02 *". 
 the profottndest calm of peace and r., 
 summa tranquillitas pads et otil, id. ib. 
 I, 8, 24. 4. puN, piicis, /. (peace: 
 chiefly in poet.) : now iw reposes, lapped 
 in peaceful r., nunc placida compostus 
 pace quiescit, Virg. Aen. 1,149. Phr.: 
 to be at r., requiescere : v. rest (ti.) : to 
 have mte's mind at r., tranquillo esse 
 
 animo, Cic. Sen. 20,74: to give the enemy 
 no >•., hosti nihil l&xamenti dare, Liv. jj, 
 21 : Antony gave me n« r., nunquani per 
 Antonium quietus fui, Cic. Fam. 10, 1, i : 
 anUrititm alloned men's minds nu r., 
 ambltio animos hominum exercebat. 
 Sail. C. II, ad init.: no leisure bringi 
 me r. from toil, nullum ab labore me 
 reclinal otium, Hor. Kpud. 17, 24: a sea- 
 ton of lengthened r., longae feriae, id. 0(" 
 4. 5. n : a r. (in music), 'pausa; niori.. 
 
 II, A support: siatumen, iiiis, n.: 
 V. support, prop: vara is ust-d for a 
 pole to spread nets on, l.ucaii 4, 4 J9 (also 
 imes); by Auson. Idyll, ii, praef. for 
 a r. on which a cost plaitk is sup- 
 ported, Phr. the stupid r.s of the little 
 tnridge, Inepta crura ponticuli. Catul. 17, 
 J (ill a comic pass.): the r. of a lance, 
 •loculanii-nlum bastae (.') : he ridet, 
 lance in r., against the lonsul himself. Id 
 ipsum infi stiis consiilem dirigit equum, 
 I^iv. 2, 6, (((. V.) : to tel lance in r., perh. 
 •hastam proiendere, after Tac. A. 2, 21. 
 
 III. fhe remainder : e>pr. by a^Js. : 
 (i.) rfiliquus (rrmaining, after the *ul>' 
 traction of a certain quantity : often 
 used subs.) : the r. of the night, reliqiium 
 noctis, Liv. 2. 2; (cf. Cic. Sen 20, 71): 
 the r. of the army, reliquus extrcitus, 
 Caes. B. G. 4. 22 : the r. took to Jlight, 
 reliqui fiigaese mandarunt, id ib. 1, 12 : 
 as for the r., quod reliquum est, de re- 
 llquo, Cic. Att. 16, 15; 16, ijc. (il.) 
 ceter-, ra, rum (no nom. sing mate. : 
 rare in siiig : the r.. Hewed as a u hole) : 
 there were very few remaining, and the 
 T. were dismissed, erant perpauci reliqui, 
 ceteri dimissi, Cic. Verr. 5, 34, 87 : the r. 
 of their lifetime, c. vita eorum, Sail. C. 
 52, ad fin. : more polished than tfie r., 
 cet<'ris hnnianiores, Caes. B. G. 4, j. 
 (ill.) alius (not In Cic. : used where two 
 contrasted objects form a whole) : the r. 
 of the army, a. exercitus, Liv. 21, 27 : 
 Caes. i'hr.: a.s/or £Aer.,quo<lsuperest, 
 Cic. Att. 9, 19, ad Jin. : ceteroquin, id. : 
 V. RF.spf;cT (subs.), 111. 
 
 resti to find : 1. conqulesco, evi, 
 etum, ,} (to find r. or pleasure for the 
 feelings and affections) : to find r. in 
 the mutual affection oj' a friend, c. Id 
 amici mutua bencvoli niia, Cic. Am. 6, 22. 
 2. acquiesco, evi, etum, j (syn. of 
 preced. : constr. in Cic. mostly wiih in : 
 also with aW. or dat.) : ue old men find 
 T. in tIte love of the young, senej- in r«- 
 ritate adolescentium acquiescimus, Cic. 
 Am. 27, loi. 
 
 rest(f)-" A. Intrans. : |. To 
 be at rest, repose : 1. quiesco, cvi, 
 etum, } (very freq. in the poets): lAc 
 sword r.s in its sheath, ensis vagina 
 quiescit, Stat. S. 4, 5, 51 : the raging teas 
 had r.'d (sunk to rest), saeva quierant 
 aequora, Virg. Aen. 4, 52} : of r. in sleep, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 14, }2: of r. in the grave; 
 vuiyst thou r. calmly, placide quiescas, 
 Tac. Agr 46 : the land r.s (i. e. lies 
 falloiv), terra quiescit, Plin. 17, 5. }, } 40. 
 2. rfiquiesco, evi, etum, j : tor. ott 
 one's bed, r. lecto. Prop, i, 8, i}: I'Of to 
 r. at all during the night, r. nullam 
 partem noctis, Cic. Rose. Am. 54, 97 
 when the mind r.s after many dangers. 
 ubi animus ex multis periculis requievlt. 
 Sail. C. 4, ad init.: esp. of the dead to 
 r. in the grave, r. in sepnicro, Cic. Tusc 
 I, 44, 107 : to r. in peace, r. in pace, 
 inscr. 3. acquiesco, Evi, Stum, j (to 
 (>ecome physically quiet) : to r. three 
 hours, tres horas a., Cic. Att. I}, 14: to 
 r. (=z to die) in his ')oth year, anno a. 
 sepiuagesimo, Nep. Han. i; : Inscr. 
 4, conqulesco. 5vi, elum, } (to r. 
 wholly): to r. at noontide, meridie c, 
 Caes. B.G. 7.46 when has his dagger r.'d 
 (= been unemployed) :' quandoillius sicft 
 conquievit.' Cic Mil. 14, 17. 5. inter- 
 quiesco, 6vl, Otum, i (to r. betwten uhites, 
 pause): II hen I had said this, and had 
 r.'d a little, cum haec dixi&sem el pau- 
 luliim interqulovissem, Cic. BruL 2J, 
 91 : Son. Ep. 78, 9. 6. oes!«>. I (to 6« 
 inactiif): if yoit can r. awhile, si quid 
 c. potes, Virc. Kcl. 7, 10: vhy are your 
 feet atr.f quid c«ssaruDl pedes .' Phaedr. 
 1, 9, 5. Phr. : to r., quietem capere, 
 679
 
 RESTED 
 
 RESTORATIVE 
 
 RESTORER 
 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 27 : the Furies never let 
 them r., Furiae nunquam consistere pa- 
 tiuntur, Cic. Rose. Am. 24, 66 : to r. 
 from care and business, vacare cura et 
 negotio, id. Leg. i, j, 8 : mi/ eyes r.'d cm 
 their countenances, oculi mei in eorum 
 ▼ultu habitabant, id. Phil. 12, i, 2 : 
 " here r.s " (in epitaphs), hie situs est, 
 Tib. J, 2, 29 ; V. LIK. II, To be sup- 
 ported mi, depend upon: 1. nitor, 
 nisus and ni.\us, j (constr. ■with abl.: 
 rarely abl. with in, or de : in fig. sense 
 with in and abl. or a^lv. of place) : to r. 
 on his spear, n. hasta, in hastam, Viig. 
 Aen. 6, '760 ; I2, 198 ; v. to lean. Fig.: 
 to r. on his influence, auctoritate n., 
 Caes. B. C. }, 4; ; on whose life r.'d the 
 safety of the state, in ciijus vita nitebatur 
 salus civitatis, Cic. Mil. 7, 19. 2. 'i- 
 nitor, nixus or nisus ( lac), ; (constr. 
 with dat. or abl.): r.ing on his spear, 
 Innixus hastae, Qv. M. 14, 819: Caes. 
 Fig. : these concerns, r.ing on the shoul- 
 ders of us all, haec innixa in omnium 
 nostrum humeris, A.uct. Har. Resp. 27, 
 60. 3. annltor, nisus or nixus, i(fo?ean 
 upon : constr. with ad or dat.) : a spear 
 r.ing against a pillar, hasta annlxa co- 
 lumnae, Vir^;. Aen. 12, 92 : Cic. Am. 2J, 
 88. 4. requiesco, evi, etum, j (very 
 rare): the vine r.s on the elm, vilis re- 
 quiescit in ulmo, Ov. M. 14, 665. 5. 
 expr. by situm esse (in aliqiio, in aliqua 
 re; only in fig. sense): as far as r.s 
 with me. quantum est situm in nobis, 
 Cic. Arch, i, I : the S'lle pmver in this 
 afair r.s with you. hujusce rei poteatas 
 omnis iu vobis sita est, id. Mur. jg, 8j : 
 V. DEPEND. Phr. : r.ing against the 
 trunk of a tree, arboris acclinis trunco, 
 Virg. Aen. 10. 8}5 : the supreme power 
 r.'d with him, ad hunc respiciebat 
 summa imperii, Caes. B. C. j, 5 : the 
 power r.s upon youi' shoulders, humeris 
 tuis sedet imperium, Plin. Pan. 10. 
 B. Trans. : To cause to rest or 
 depend : 1. rf pono, posui, pSsItum, j : 
 the cranes r. their heads and necks on 
 the backs of those who fly before them, 
 grues in tergo praevolantium coUa et 
 capita reponunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125. 
 Pig.: I r. tlie wlioU: cause mi your cle- 
 mency and good feeling, in vestram 
 mansuetudineni atque liumanitatem to- 
 tam causam repono, id. SuU. Jj, 92. 
 2. applico, avi, and ui, atum and 
 itum, I (fo place near or at); to r. them- 
 selves against the trees, a. se ad art)ores, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 27. 
 
 rested: requietus (^part. and adj.: 
 refreshed) : the soldiers, r. and fresh, 
 miles r., integer, Liv. 44, ^8, ad fin. : Ov. 
 
 resting ; quigtus ; the night had 
 found them r., quietos nox babuerat, 
 Tac. A. I, 49 Cic. : v. QutET, tkan- 
 Quru Phr. : r. in sleep, somno positus, 
 Virg. Aen. 4, 527 : r. (on a couch, etc.), 
 reclinis : v. keclining. 
 
 resting-place: 1. expr. byWcus 
 {pi. loca) and qualifying words : tofiiul 
 no r., I. coiisistendi nou reperire, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 18, 42 : a quiet r., tranquillus ad 
 quietem 1., id. Rep. i, 4 ; a most quiet 
 and peaceful r., 1. quietis et tranquil- 
 litatis plenissimus, id. de Or. i, i, 2. 
 2. cubile, is, n. (a place to repose 
 in : of beasts, a lair) : mi/ r. is the earth, 
 mihi c* est terra, Cic. Tusc. ;, j2, 90 : 
 Tac. A. J, 49. 3. sedes, is (settled 
 abode) ; may it be the r. of my old age, 
 sit meae sedes utinam senectae ! Hor. 
 Od. 2, 6, 6. 4. deversorium (a r. 
 on a journey, an inn : also fig.) : to stq) 
 at Caesar's speech, as at some conve- 
 nient r., requiescere in Caesaris sermone, 
 quasi in aliquo peropportuno d., Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 57, 2?4. 5. sepulcrum ; v. 
 GRAVE, SEPcr.oHRE. [N. B. — In inscr. 
 and ecc!. authors we find quietorium, 
 requietorium : a single grave is cubi- 
 culum, dormitio; a collection of graves, 
 coemeterium {sleeping-place), or area 
 (churchyard).] Phr. : to have a refuge 
 and r., hahere quo eonfugias, ubi con- 
 quiescas, Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 2. 
 
 restitution : 1. restitutio (a *. t. 
 
 inlaw) Oai. Dig. 50, 16, 22: more fully 
 expr. bv r. in integrum : v. Diet. Aut. 
 680 
 
 2. rglatio (a bringing back: very 
 rare) a voluntary r., r. volimtaria. Sen. 
 Kp. 81, 10. 3. refectio {a repairing) : 
 V. RESTORATION. Phr.: to make r., re- 
 stituere: v. bestobe, redbess, amends: 
 to demand r., res repetere, Liv. 4, 58 
 (esp. of the fetiales) : a law to enforce 
 the r. of misapplied funds, lex de pe- 
 cuniis repetundis, Cic. : v. Diet. Ant. 
 
 restitutory : restitatorius : uip. 
 Dig. 4J, I, I. (N.B. — Exhibitorius means 
 " relating to the production of any object 
 with a view to restitution :" ef. Just. Inst. 
 
 •4. j;- 1) 
 
 restive : no exact equiv. : express 
 by (equus) ferocitjite resultans, Cic. Off. 
 I, 26, 90; contumax ad frena, Veg. Vet. 
 4, 6, i : perh. also ferox, Pi. Men. 5, 2, 
 1 10 : also sternax, acls {one that tkrou'S 
 his rider), Virg. Aen. 12, J64. 
 
 restiveneSS : animus adversusequi- 
 tem contumax, Veg. Vet. 4. 6, 8 : con- 
 tumacia. Col. 6, 2, 10 (said of oxen) : or 
 simply ferocitas, v. preced. art. 
 
 restless: 1. inquietus: the r. 
 
 Adriatic, i. Adria, Hor. Od. i, J, 5 : r. am- 
 bition, i. animus, Liv. i, 46. 2. in- 
 quies, etis (less freq. than i>reced.) : o r. 
 man, i. vir. Veil. 2, 68, J : Tac. 3. 
 irrequietus (poet.) : r. Charybdis, i. Cha- 
 rybdis, Ov. M. ij, 7J0. (Tlie form irre- 
 quies, etis, is found in Auson., and 
 irrequiebilis in Scrib.) 4. turbidus 
 (disturbed, agitated) : a r. motion, t. 
 raotus, Cic. Tusc. i, jj, 80: a r. dispo- 
 sition, t. ingenium, Tac. A. 14, 59: r. 
 thoughts, cogltationes t., Quint. 9, 4, 12 : 
 V. disturbed. 5. tiimulUiosus (in a 
 state of violent commotion) : the r. sea, 
 t. mare, Hor. Od. ;, i, 26 : r. in time of 
 peace, in otio t., Liv. 4. 28 : sleep which 
 is r. from dreams, sonmus per somnia t., 
 Cels. 8, 4, ad med. 6. sollicitus {agi- 
 tated : rare in lit. sense) : Oie r. sea, 
 s. mare, Virg. G. 4, 262 : v. uneasv, 
 ANXIOUS. Phr.: the r. tossing of the 
 ivaves, variae agitationes fluctuum, Cic. 
 Mur. 17, J5 (q. v.): irhat if your mind 
 is r. ? quid si animus fluctuat i" PI. ]\Ierc. 
 ?, 2, 49 : you see in xchat a r. age we live, 
 videtis in quo motu temporum versemur, 
 Cic. F'iac. ;7, 94 (q. v.). 
 
 restlessly : inquigte : Amm. 27, ;, 2 : 
 better expr. by adj. : u'hilst tliou nan- 
 derest r., dum tu inquietus erras, Mart. 
 12, 18, 1. 
 
 restlessness : 1. inquies, etis,/. : 
 r. at niyht, i. noctuma, Plin. 14, 22, 28, 
 ^ 142. 2. inquietitdo, inis, /. ; Sen. 
 Ben. 2, 8 (dub.); Cod. 3. concursatio 
 (a running to and fro) : tlie r. of a dis- 
 tracted mind, c. exagitatae mentis, .Sen. 
 Ep. }• 5. 4. expr. better and more 
 freq. by motus, us : he parsed the %vhole 
 of that night wide aicake, and in great 
 r., totam noctem cum magno motu per- 
 petuis vigiliis egit. Curt. 7, 5, 16: r. and 
 activity of thought, m. cogitationis cele- 
 riter agitatus, Cic. Oral, jg, 1 54. Join : 
 agitatio et ni., id. Div. 2, 62, 128: so 
 also, a perpetual r. of the mind, mentis 
 agitatio quae nunquam acquiescit, id. 
 Off. I, 6, 19. 
 
 restoration : 1. restlttitio : the r. 
 of the Capitol, r. Capitolii, Suet. Vesp. 8, 
 ad fin. : the r. of freedom, r. libertatis, 
 Val. Max. 4, 1 , extr. 4. 2- restauratlo : 
 Julian. Dig. 2J, 5, 7. 3. rgfectio : 
 Suet. Caes. 15: Cels. (refectus, (is. Dig.) 
 4. instauratio: Eumen. 5. rgdin- 
 tegratio : Macr. 6, repariltio Inscr. 
 7. resuraplio (r. to health)- Coel. 
 Aur. ; v. recovery. Phr.: the r. of the 
 king, reductlo regis, Cic. Fam. i, 7, 4 : cf. 
 Liv. 2, 15, ad init.: the r. of harmony, 
 reconclliatio concordiae, Cic. Cat. j, 10, 
 25: the r. of poll er, restituta potestas, 
 Liv. J, 52, ad init. : r. to life, redatii- 
 matio, Tert. : r. of the body to its former 
 state, recorporatio, id. 
 
 restorative (adj-) ■ resumptlvus ; 
 resumptorius ; recorporativus : Coel. 
 Aur. (N.B. — The above only as me- 
 dical terms ; otherwise expr. by verb : 
 aptus ad corpora reficienda ; spiritui 
 revocando utilis, etc.) 
 
 restorative {subs.) : mgdicamen- 
 tum Cic. V. bemedv, medicine. 
 
 restore: I. To put into a former 
 condition: 1. restituo, ui, utum, j 
 (esp. freq. with in) : to r. (/tie's eyesight, 
 r. visum, Plin. 25, 8, 50: to r. the line of 
 battle, T. aciera, Li v. 5, 1 8 ; to r. .Sicily to 
 its former state, r. Siciliam in antiquum 
 statum, Cic. Verr. Act. i, 4, 12: to r. to 
 favour, T. rursus in gratiam, Ter. Hec. 
 J, 1, II. 2. restauro, i.tor.a theatre, 
 r. theatrum, Tac. A. }, -ji: to r. to its 
 original state, r. in prist in um statum, 
 Ulp. Dig. 4J, 21, 1, i 6. 3. reduco, xl, 
 ctum, } (to lead back : e in Lurr.) ■. to r. 
 the king, r. regem, Cic. I!ab. Post. 8, 19 : 
 to establish or r. a precedent of that 
 kind, vel instituere vel r. ejusmodi ex- 
 emplum, Plin. Ep. 4, 29 : as a syn. of 
 restituere, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 4. 4. rS- 
 fgro, retuli (rettuli). relatum, j (to bring 
 back) : to r. certain ceremmiies after a 
 long interval, quasdam caerimonias es 
 magno interval lo r., Liv. j, 55. Join: 
 r. et renovare, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 21, 68 ; 
 repetere ac r., id. ib. 21, 67. 5. 'Q- 
 stauro, I : to r. the flavour of idnes, 
 Vina i., Plin. 14, 20, 25, } 126. Join: 
 renovare, et inst., Cic. Verr. Act. 1,4, 11. 
 
 6, ren6vo, i (to renew) : to r. a pic- 
 ture, picturam jam evanescentem colori- 
 bus iisdem quibus fuerat r., Cic. Rep. ;, i : 
 V. to renew. 7. rfificio, feci, fectum, 
 J : to r, the diswdered ranks, r. turbatos 
 ordines, Liv. j, 70, ad init. : to r. the 
 welfare of the state, communem salutem 
 T., Cic. Sest. 6, 15 : being r.'d {to health), 
 I tltank thee, refectus tibi grates ago, 
 Catul. 44, 16: V. refresh. 8. reparo, 
 I : V. bepair. 9. integro, l (very 
 
 rare) : to r. the joints that had gradually 
 become diseased, i. elapsos in pravum 
 anus, Tac. H. 4, 81. 10. repono, 
 p6sui, pSsittim, j (replace): to r. u^ to 
 our throne, nos in sceptra r., Virg. Aen. 
 I. 25 J. 11, reconcilio, i {re-establish) : 
 to r. harmony, r. concordiam, Liv. 2, }2: 
 to r. to favour, reducere, r., restituere in 
 gratiam, Cic. Prov. Cons. 9, 2J. 12, 
 recQro, i (to r. to health) : Catul. 44. 15. 
 
 13. restruo, xi, ctum, j : Tert. 
 Phr. : to r. to liberty, vindicare in liber- 
 tatem, Cic. ; Caes. : to r. vital warmth 
 to her cold limbs, revocare arlus gelidos 
 in vivum calorem, Ov. M. 4, 248: to be 
 r.d to health (of mind or body), ad sani- 
 tatem perveuire, Cels. 5, praef. ; redire, 
 Cic. Fam. 12, 10; reverti, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 42 : to r. sight to the blind, reluminare 
 caecos, Tert. Apol. 21 : to r. a sick 
 man, resumere aegrum, Coel. Aur. : to 
 r. the body to its fonner state, re- 
 corporare, Tert. jj. To give back: 
 
 1, reddo, didi, ditum, ; : to r. the 
 captives, r. captivos, Caes. B. G. 7, 90: 
 r. me to my form.er life, viiae me red- 
 de priori, Hor. Ep. i, 7, 95. Join: 
 restituere ac r., Ter. Eun. i, 2, 67. 2. 
 restituo, ui, iitum, j (constr. with dat., 
 or orf and ace.) : a trifling circumstance 
 r.d their spirits, restituit his animos 
 parva una res, Liv. 25, 18, ad init.: 
 Caes : to be r.d to mie's native land, ia 
 patriam reslitui, Nep. Ar: ^t, 1, 5. 3. 
 refei'o, retiili (rettiili), relatum, }: tor. 
 a (stolen) cup, r. pateram, Cic Div. i, 
 25, 54. [On the distinction between thi» 
 and reddere, ef. Sen. Ep. 81, 9: "referre 
 est ultro quod debeas afferre .... red- 
 dunt et qui reposcuniur et qui ubilibet 
 et qui per alium."j 4. rfdono, i 
 (very rare): ivho hath r.d thee to the 
 skies of Italy f quis te redonavit Italo 
 coelo .' Hov. Od. 2, 7, ?. 5. re- 
 tribuo, ui, utum, j (to repay) : Lucr. : 
 
 V. REPAY. 
 
 restorer : I. "«« '<''"' .""*" things 
 into a former condition : 1. restttiilor: 
 the r. of the temples, r. templorum, Liv. 
 4, 20 : the r. of my safety, r. salutis meae, 
 Cic. Mil. 15, "jg. 2. reductor : the r. 
 of literature, r. literarum, Plin. Ep. 8, 12. 
 3. refector: (a r. of works of art). 
 Suet. Vesp. 18. 4. rcparalor: the r. 
 of the age, r. aevi, Stat. S. 4, i, n. 5. 
 instaurator (late and rare): Amm. 27, 
 J, 7- 6. repostor: r. of the temples, 
 r. templorum, Ov. F. 2, 6}. 7. rgcon- 
 cTliator : the r. of peace, r. pacis, Liv. J5, 
 45 8. rgdintegrator ; Tert. ||, One
 
 RESTRAIN 
 
 RESTRICTION 
 
 RESUME 
 
 'vlio gives back : rCdonator : Inscr. : 
 octter expr. by qui reddit, restitait, etc. 
 restrain : 1. coerceo, 2 (<o amjine 
 within bounds) : a river r.'d by no banks, 
 amnis nullis ctiercitus ripis, Liv. 21, Ji : 
 reason r.s rashness, ratio coercet lenie- 
 ritatem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 47 : to r. crimes 
 l»/ punishment, suppliciis dellcta c, Hor. 
 S. I, }, 79. 2. reprlmo, pressl, prcs- 
 gnm, } (JO keep bac',) ; the sight nf them 
 r.'d mc, lioruiu aspectus me rppressit, 
 Cic. Scst. 69, 144: / have never taken 
 much pains to r. these reports, lios ser- 
 mones non valde ropressl, id. Fam. j, 8, 
 ■J. Join: cocrceri r.quo, id. Fin. i, i, 
 2 : V. CHECK. 3. comprimo, prossi, 
 pressiim, J (stronRer Iban preced.) : to 
 r. an outburst of jni/, c. exsullantem 
 laetitiam, Cic. Top. 22. 86: / perceive 
 that this scourge, of the state may be 
 checked for a while, but not r.'d for 
 all time to come, inlelligo banc rei- 
 publicae pestem paulisper reprlnil, non 
 In perpetuum c. posse, id. Cat. i, 12. }o. 
 4. supprlmo, pressi, pressuni, } 
 (rare): to r. soiroii', s. aeKriiudinem, 
 Cic. Tusc. ?, ?l. 7? 5. Cdiitineo, ul, 
 tentnm. 2 (to hold in) : to r. the Umgue 
 mast carefully, diligeniissime linguani c, 
 Cic. y. Fr. I , I . I }, } i 8 : whom fear rather 
 than inclination r.'d. quos nietus magis 
 quam voUint4Ui conlinuit, Suet. Aug. 15. 
 6. teneo, ui. ntum. 2: to r. one's 
 tears, lacrimas t., Cic. Verr. 4, 18, jq: 
 to r. one's lautihte.r, risum t., Hor. A. P. 
 $: tor. oneself from accusing, se t. ab 
 accusando, Cic.'y. Kr. 5, 2, 2. 7. re- 
 tineo, ui, t'Titum, 2 : to r. one's children, 
 r. liberos, I'er. Ad. i, i, j? : Cic. Fam. ?, 
 12, J. (Auct. Her. has retento, 1, in this 
 sense.) 8. sustlneo, ui, tetitum, 2 ; to 
 r. the. horses, s. equos, Caes. B. G. 4. ;{ : 
 Fig.: Cic. Acad. 2, 15. 48. 9. cOlilbco, 
 I: tor. the eintilions of the soul, c. aiiiml 
 motus, Cic. Off. 2, ?, 18 : to r. ime's wrath, 
 iracundiam c, id. Marcell. }, 8. Join: 
 c. etcontinere, id. Acad, i, 12,45. 10. 
 inhibeo, i: to r. the impetuosity of the 
 victor, i. iinpetuni victxjris, Liv. jg, 21. 
 11. prdhIl)eo, 2 : v. prohibit. 12. 
 refreno, l (to bridle : stronger than foil.) : 
 to r. one's lusts, r. libidines, Cic. I'ar. ;, 
 ad init. (jjined with iracundiam tenere, 
 avaritiain coercere) : to r. the Jlow of' 
 eloquence, r. cursum dicendi, yuint. 8, i, 
 27. 13. fieno, I : tor. mad actUms 
 by law, r. furores legibus, Cic. Mil. 28, 
 77 ; V. BBiDi.K. 14. compesco, cui, } 
 (mostly poet.) : to r. one's anger, c. 
 mentem, Hor.Od. i, 16, 22 : to r., foreign 
 rites, 0. extenias caerimonias. Suet. Tib. 
 j6: Quint. 15. constringo, nxi, ictum, 
 J (to hind doirn) : to r. cHme and fraud 
 by punishment, scelas fraudemquc sup- 
 pllcio c, Cic. de Or. I, 46, 202. Join: 
 Vinci et c, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48: v. bind, 
 FETTKB. 16. expr. by ni6devor, i : or 
 tempero, i : v. hodkrate. control. 
 17. circumscribo, psi, ptuni, j (to 
 limit) : the senate, would have r.'d him 
 in his praetorial office, seiialus prao- 
 toreni euni eirciimscripsisset. Cic. Mil. 
 }?. 88; V. itKATRiCT. 18. finio, 4 (to 
 set bounds to) : to r. one's desires, cupi- 
 ditates f., Cic. Fin. 2. 9. 27. Phr. : to 
 r. a horse, ciustigare equum, Liv. jg, 25 : 
 to r. desires, refutare cupidlnes, Cic. 
 Fam. 1,9, 2;; appetitus contrahiTc, id. 
 Off. I. 29, io{ ; I r.'d myself frtmi saying 
 aught, me rcprehendi ne quid dlcerein. 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 1 ; : to r. the onset of a 
 maiiman, inipetum furenlis colllgere, 
 Cic. I'hil. 1 1, 2, 4 (q. V.) : to r. ourselves, 
 nobismet Ipsis inipcrare, id. Tusc. 2. 21, 
 47 : an opportunity of r.ing his lust, 
 locus resecandae libidinis, id. Att. i, 18, 
 ad med. : cf. Tusc. 4, 26, 57 (q. v.) : r.'d 
 by no religious feeling aiiaivst lying, 
 nulla mendacii rcligione obstrictus, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 1 1 : to r. audacity, audaciani 
 frangftrc, Cic. Vat in. i. 2: tor. oneself 
 greallij, sulmiittere rauUuni. id. l)iv. in 
 Caecil. i ;, 48 (sixid of an actor). 
 
 restrainer : 1. repre^-sor the r. 
 
 of slaughter, r. caedis, Cic. Sest. 6q, 144. 
 
 2. cocrcltor . Eutr. 7, 20. 3. frg- 
 
 nator: Plin. Pan. ;;. 4. mSdgrator: 
 
 (/. -trix), Cic : v. controller, buler. 
 
 restraint ) \, The act of keej>- 
 restraining ) <ng in cheek : 1. 
 coercitio : the r. of anybodii who inter- 
 rupts a speech, c. inlerpellantis, Quint. 
 9, 2, 2 : the right of exercising r. over 
 stage-players, c. in liislriones, Siit-t. Aug. 
 45. 2. refrenalio : the r. of grief, 
 r. doloris. Sen. Ira ?, i;, j. 3. '"'*■ 
 (li'tratio; (a limiting, controlling): ther. 
 (f an unruly pel iple, effronati popull m., 
 Cic. de Or. 2,9. IS- Join: m. et tem- 
 peratio, id. N. D. 2, j6, 91. 4. con- 
 tinentia: rare in lit. sense: e. </. Suet. 
 Claud. 1 2 : usu. a r. of one's desires, 
 self.-r., V. continence. 5. expr. 
 
 more freq. bj' a verb: ought you not to 
 be put under r.i' tunonconstriiigendiis.* 
 Cic. Phil. 2, }8, 97 : putting less r. on 
 h is desires, minus Imperaiis cupiditatibus 
 suis, Curt, 8, 4, 24. ||, A check, bar- 
 rier: 1. rCpagilla, n. pi.: to burst 
 through all the r.s of justice, omnia r. 
 juris perlringere, Cic. Verr. 5, 15, 59. 
 
 2. ilaustra, n. pi. : v. b.\rrikr. 
 
 3. catena (o chain) : bound by the 
 r. of the lai's, legum catena constrictus, I 
 Cic. Sesf. 7, 16. 4. modus: v. re- 
 striction*. Phr.: excessii-e toil over- 
 coming the r.s of discipline, puil'in-tn 
 immodico labore vincente, Curt. 8, 2, 54 : 
 to impose more rj, plures imponere 
 nodos, Ov. n. 20, 59. 
 
 restrict; 1. circumscnbo, psi, 
 
 ptuni, 5 : she rs and limits us by the 
 boundaries of moutitains and rivers. 
 circumscribit Includitque nos tcrminis 
 montium fluralnumque, Liv. 21, 44 : 
 Cic. 2. def inio, 4 : tor. friend- 
 
 ship to cases where like is returned 
 for like, d. amicitiam paribus offlciis, 
 Cic. Am. 16. 58 : not to circumscribe 
 or r. his rights by any limitations, 
 nullis lerminis circumscribere aut d. jus 
 suum, id. de Or. i, 16, 70. 3. finio, 
 4 : V. bound, limit. 4. coangusto, i : 
 this lair may be r.'d, haec lex coangus- 
 tari potest, Cic Leg. ?. 14, }2. 5. 
 angusto, 1 : to r. one's joys unduly, 
 nirais a. gaudia sua. Sen. Cons, ad Pulvb. 
 29 (10, ;, Haase). 6. restriugo, nxi, 
 ictum, } (not in Cic, who, liowever, w^es 
 the part, as adj.) : to r. expenditure by 
 law, T. sumptus lege, Plin. Kp.6, 19; Sen. 
 Phr. : (i.) expr. in Cic. by in angustum 
 and a verb : it is r.'d to narrow limits, 
 in exiguuni a.que concluditur. Off. 1, 17, 
 55 : the sphere of action is so narrow 
 and r.'d, ita contracta res est et adducta 
 in a., id. Am. 5, 20: to limit and r. those 
 (emotions), ea conlrahere in a.que de- 
 ducere, id. Acad, i, 10, J8. (ii.) to r. the 
 rate of interest, fenus eoercere, Liv. 52, 
 27 : to r. the expenditure, sumptus cir- 
 cumcidere, id. ib. ; impensas corripere, 
 Suet. Tib. i4 : to r. the powers of the 
 magistracy, magistratum minuere, Liv. 
 4, 24 : it is not r.'d to some special pro- 
 vince, non habet definitam aliquam re- 
 gionem cujus termlnis saepta teneatur, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 5 : to r. oneMf to petty 
 pleadings, se ad minutarura causarum 
 genera limare, id. Opt. Gen. Or. j, 9 
 (Niig.'lsb.). 
 
 restricted ipart. and adj.) : 1. 
 angustus : petty aivi r.'d verbal contro- 
 versies, rainutae a.que concertationes, 
 Cic. de Or. j, ?o, I2i : v. preced. art. 
 2. artus (confined); the botvts of 
 intercourse bitneen kinsmen are more 
 r., artior est colligatio societatis propiii- 
 quorum, CicOff. I, 17, 5}- Join:a.et 
 astrictus, Id. Or. 65, 220. 3. proprius 
 (peculiar) ; these duties are not r.'d to 
 the iri.te aUme. liaec offlcia non sjipien- 
 tium luodo propria, Cic. Off. {, 4, I5- 
 
 restriction: 1. "lOdus (bonHti, 
 measure) : to impose r.s of time, tem- 
 poris modos im|>onere, Liv. x 24 : to 
 inifiose a r., m. et finem facere, Cic Verr. 
 2, 48, 118. 2. finis, is, m. : or ter- 
 minus: V. BonND, LIMIT. 3. caucclli, 
 m.pl. (prop, lattlie-work : hence barrier, 
 check) : to depart from these r.s whicli J 
 have imposed npon myself, extra hos c. 
 egredi quos mihi ipse circunidedl, Cic 
 Quint. 10. ?6. 4. angustiae. /. pi.: 
 (narroir limits) : hampered by no r.s of 
 time, nullis teniporis a. inclusus, Liv. 
 
 14. 8. 6. exceptio (o special r.) .• T. 
 LIMITATION, /yimiii., exceptiuncQla: tc 
 add a slight r., e. addere. Sen. Fp. 20, J. 
 6. restrictio: Aug. Phr.. / u-iU 
 impose a task on you, with the r., how- 
 ever, tltat J am unurilling to Ik Iroul/le- 
 some, ego tibl iniponam (onus), ita tamen 
 ut tibi nolim nmlesius e8»<-, Cic. Fam. 
 IJ .5^. I (K. and A.): / do not insist 
 upon such rigorous r.s in other re^prclt, 
 cetera non turn reslritte praefinio, id 
 Leg. 2, 18, 4;. 
 
 restrictive: expr. by the verbs: ar. 
 enactment, prohibitorium Inlerdictura, 
 Just. Inst. 4, 15, i: a r. force, 'coer- 
 ccndi vim liabens (Kr.): a r. particle, 
 partlcula restringens (Gram, apud Kr.). 
 
 result ("•)•■ 1. eveiiio, veiii, ven- 
 tum, 4 (to hapften, as a consequence): 
 it may lie inferred b^orehaml uhat tviU 
 r., quid eventuruui hit anteaiiimocolligi 
 potest, Cic. Inv. I, 28. 42 : if it it sure 
 to r. Vu^e is no chance in the case, a 
 certe eveniet nulla fortuna est. id. I)iv. 
 2, 7, 18: perturbations (of the mmd) 
 r. from a contempt for reason, [ler- 
 turbationes ex uspernatione ratiunis 
 eveniunt, id. Tusc. 4, 14, ii. 2. evado, 
 si, sum, J (to turn out) : have your kind- 
 nesses r.'d in this' huccine benelicia 
 tua evasere? Sail. J. 14: v. turn out. 
 
 3. consSquor, cuius, j (tofoU/m): 
 paleness r.s from fear, pallor conse- 
 quitur terrorem, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8. 19. 
 
 4, expr. by fio, factus sum, j (to 
 be producai) : thus it r.s that reason 
 Ctmmands, passion obeys, ita fit ul ratio 
 praesit, appetitus obtemperal. Cic Off. 1, 
 
 28, loi. 5. expr. by metaph., such as 
 to Jlow, arise, spring, etc. : sins r. Jrom 
 vices, peccata ex viliis manant. Cic. Parad. 
 J, I, extr. (opp. to recte facta a vinutibu-s 
 proficiscuntur) the kinds of divination 
 which seem to r. from freedom of mind, 
 divinandi genera quae a lil^ra mente 
 fluere videntur, id. Div. 2, 49, »oi. 
 Phr. : that kind of sharp practice u-iU 
 r. in throning <Zi>credi/ on the judge, 
 genus ejusmodi callidiiatis retrahetur m 
 odium Judicis, id. Part. Or. 59, m- 
 
 result (subs.) : 1. evenius, us. or 
 eventum, i (the first form has no abl. or 
 gen.pl. : these are supplied by the second, 
 which Is rare in the sing.) : a r. is the 
 outcome of any transaction, e. est ali- 
 cujns exitus negotii, Cic. Inv. I, 28. 42 
 (q. V.) ; more fully, e. qui sequltur. id. 
 Leg. 2, 17. 4? : a very happy r.. prusper- 
 rimuse.. Veil. 2, 122, }. to judge plan* 
 by their r.s, coiisllia eventis ponderare, 
 Cic. Rab. I'ost. 1, i : tlu^ kiiowledge of 
 causes gives us the knmvl<dge of r.s, 
 causarum cogiiitio eventorum cogni- 
 tlonem facli, id. Top. 18, 67: Alt. j, 8, 
 adfin. 2. e.vftus. lis (used asfyn. of 
 preced.) : the r. approves the deed, e. acta 
 probat. Ov. H. 2. '<iS a fortunate r.. e. 
 felix,Cic. Fam. 2. 10, 4: an uncertain r., 
 e. incertus, id. Marcell. 5, 15 : "l>at n-ill 
 be the r. of their counsels f eonim con- 
 silium quem habebit e. ? Caes. B. G. 5, 
 
 29. Join: eventus atque e., Cic Fam. 
 6, I, 5. 3. cffcctus, us (rare in pL : 
 cf. Quint. I, 10, 6) : the r. of eloqtience is 
 the applause of the audience, eloquenliac 
 e. est audienfium approbatio, Cic. ru>c. 
 2, I, J : to icaste thr summer wiViout 
 any' r., aestatein extrahere sine ullo 
 effectu, Liv. }2. 9 = ^ '• ekkkct. 4. con- 
 sOquentia: the r. of events, eventorum c, 
 Cic l»iv. I, 56, 128: v. cosfK«i knce. 
 
 5 si^quela : a neeessary r.. s. neces- 
 saria. Gell. 6. l, ad fm. Q. pnivt-ntus. 
 lis : tlie r. of the journey, p. [x-rfgrina- 
 tionls. App. aL 2, p. 120. (NU.— In 
 good authors this word, like succeiisus, 
 Qs, liewoX^A a fortunate r : v. si'CCEas.) 
 Phr.: the r.s, ri-s ivtisequentes, Auct. 
 Her. 4, 55, 68 : the one is the (logical) r. 
 of the other, alterum alleri coiiseiiU'-ns 
 est, Cic Tusc. <;, 8. 21 : all the rj were 
 contrary to the predictimi, omnia amtra 
 ac dicta erant eveiierunt. id. I>iv. 2. 24, 
 55: concerning the schemes ami th'ir 
 r.s, de consi Ill's et de processibus suis. 
 Sen. l".p. «!?. >"■ 
 
 resume : 1. rfsiimo, mpsi, mptum 
 I tor. the heavenly Jorm. speciem 
 681
 
 RESUMPTION 
 
 R ETI Ntr E 
 
 RETIREMENT 
 
 coelestem n. Ov. M. 15. 745: to r. the 
 Oattle, r. pugnam, Tac. H. 2, 41. 2. 
 rgpeto, ivi or ii, itum, } (sometimes with 
 de, ace., or in/'.): 'o r. thtie pursaUs 
 after a Vmg interval, r. haec stiidia longo 
 intervallo, Cic. Fat. 2, 4 : to r. ivhat has 
 been passed over, praetermissa r., id. Fin. 
 5. 19. 51- 3. revdco, l (to recall): to 
 r. studies that have been laid aside, studia 
 intermissa r., Qc. Tusc. i, i, i. 4. t6- 
 c61o, lui, cultum, j (to practise aneiv) -. 
 to r. the pursuits to which ue were de- 
 voted in our boyhood, r. artes quibus 
 pueri dediti fuimus, Cic. de Or. i, 1, 2. 
 5. integro, l : to r. her song, i. carmen, 
 
 Virg. 6. 4, 515: V. RENF.W, KEPEAT. 
 
 P h r. : tor. the use of the toga, recuperare 
 usum togae, Suet. (ialb. 11 : until it r. 
 its former shape, dum quod fuit ante 
 reformet, Ov. M. 11, 254: he r.d his 
 youth, in annos quos egit rediit, id. ib. 
 9, 4?i : to r. my subject, ut ad propo- 
 situm revertar, Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 104. 
 
 resumption : no equiv. : e.\pr. by 
 tbe verbs or a phr. : the r. of a custom 
 after hmg desuetude, consuetude longo 
 intervallo repetita ac relata, Cic. Div. in 
 Caecil. 21, 67 the r. of a subject, reditus 
 ad rem, id. de Or. j, 5?, 20J (resumptio 
 in low Latin is recapitulation). 
 
 resumntive : e.\pr. by a verb : a r. 
 particle, *particula resumptiva, quam 
 vocant. 
 
 resurrection : resurrectio (as an 
 eccl. term) : / am the r. and the life, 
 ego sum r. et vita, Vulg. Joan. xi. 25 : 
 Eccl : the day of our Lord's r., *die8 
 dominicae resurrectionis : the r.-day, 
 *dies, tenipus quo in vitam redibunt 
 mortui (Kr.) : it may also be expr. by 
 the verbs rgvivisco, vi.xi, { (to live again, 
 come to life); rgnascor, natus, j (to be 
 born again). 
 
 resuscitate : rgsuscito, i : Ov. : 
 
 Ter. : v. hkm\ e. Phr.: to 7: any one, 
 aliquem a mortuis, ab inferis excitare, 
 Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245 ; id. Cat. 2. 9, 20 : 
 mortuum reducem ab Oreo facere, Ter. 
 Hec. 5, 4- 1 2. 
 
 resuscitator : resuscitator : Tert. 
 
 resuscitation: resuscitatio : Tert. 
 
 retail (i') i 1. distraho, xi, 
 
 . sell by f ctum, } {to sell in 
 
 parcels) : to sell the cargoes by r., merces 
 d., Just, g, I : Tac. : Suet. 2. divendo, 
 no pf, dituni, j : to sell the booty by r., 
 d. reliquias praedae, Liv. 21, 21: Cic: 
 Tac. : or simply vendo, Hor. Ep. i, 7, 65. 
 Phr.: tor. all kinds of common wares, 
 promiscua et vilia mercari, Tac. G. 5 
 (R. and A.). 
 
 retail (subs.) : a selling by r., dis- 
 tractio, Ulp. Dig. 14, j, 5, $ 12 : a r. 
 traffic, mercatura teimis {business on a 
 small scale), Cic. Off. i, 42, 151 : a r. 
 dealer, caupo, Cic. : PI. : v. hdckster : 
 also prSpola (ttpottwXjjs), Cic. Pis. 27, 67 : 
 a r. shop, caupona, id. ib. 22, ;}. 
 
 retailer: v. preced. art. 
 
 retain : I. To keep in one's pos- 
 session : 1, rgtineo, ui, tentum, 2 : 
 to r. what he had received, r. quod ar- 
 ceperat, Cic. Pis. 28, 69 : tor. the citadel, 
 arcem r., id. de Or. 2, 67, 27? : to r. the 
 memory of anything, r. memoriam ali- 
 cujus or aliquid memoria, Cic. : Caes. : 
 
 V. MEMORY. 2. Obttneo, 2 : v. MAIN- 
 
 TAtN, KEEP POSSESSION. 3. t^neo, ui, 
 ntum, 2 (to hoM) : to r. their own laws, 
 t. suas leges, Cic. Verr. Act. i, 4, ij : to 
 r. a custom, t. consuetudinem, id. Phil. 
 
 1, II, 2t: it is believed that he r.'d the 
 name of every soldier, omnium militum 
 tenuisse creditum est nomina, Quint. 11, 
 
 2, so : V. HOLD. 4. servo, i : the jar 
 tviU long r. the scent, servabit odorem 
 testa diu, Hor. Ep. i, 2, 69 : v. keep, 
 PRESERVE. II, To keep in one's pay 
 or service : alo, alui, alitiim and altum, 3 
 {to nourish): v. maintain (VI.): or 
 habeo, 2 : / eto not r. a single slave, ego 
 servum habeo nullum, Cic. Rose. Am. 
 SO, 145: Caes. B. G. i. ^o. 
 
 retainer : I. One who keeps back: 
 rgtentator, Cassiod. : /. -trix, Macr. : 
 better expr. by verb. ||, One kept in 
 the service of another : no exact equiv. : 
 trans, by cliens, ntis (adherent), Caes. 
 682 
 
 B. G. 1, 4 : asseclator, a.ssfcla (follouer) ; 
 stipator, satelles, ills {attendant, body- 
 guard) : V. RETINUE : sometimes miles, 
 itis (applied even to women, Ov. M. 2, 
 415): cf. also Caes. B. G. j, 2J, " devoti 
 quos illi {the Gauls) soldurios appellant." 
 Ill, A retaining fee : nearest word 
 arrha, or arrhabo, onis, to. : v. earnest- 
 money. 
 
 retake : 1. rgcipio, cepi, ceptum, 
 ? : to r. a toum, oppidum r., Cic. de Or. 
 2, 67, 27 J : Liv. : hence freq. recepto, i 
 (to take back), Lucr. 2, looi : and re- 
 ceptor, one who r.s, a re-conqueror, 
 Vopisc. Aurel. 26, 7. 2. recupgio, i 
 to )•. a colony, r. ailoniam, Liv. 9, 2{, 
 ad init. : v. recoy er. 
 
 retaliate : rgtaiio, i : (^eii. 20, i : 
 more usu. expr. by ulciscor, ultus, 3 ■ 
 V. REVENGE. Phr.: to r., par pari re- 
 ferre, mutuum facere, v. return (like 
 for like) : carry me off, and r. theretiy, 
 me rape, et altema lege repende vicem, 
 Prup. 4, 4, 58. 
 
 retaliation: tallo(rare): to break a 
 limb in r., membrum rumpere per t. 
 Gell. 20, I (q. v.) : usu. expr. by ultio, 
 v. revenge : or vicis, /. (a gen. : no 
 nom. sing, or gen. pi.) : v. rkqititai,, 
 and preced. art. 
 
 retamed : redSmitus : r. and con- 
 quered citizens, r. atque victi cives, Cic. 
 Sull. I, I. 
 
 retard : 1. rgtardo, l : the mo- 
 
 tions of the stars are sometimes acce- 
 lerated, sometimes r.'d, stellarum motus 
 tum incitaniur turn retardantur, Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 40, loj : these things, which 
 usually hinder others, did not r. him, 
 hae res quae ceteros remorari solent 
 (eum) non retardarunt, id. Manil. 14, 40. 
 2. tardo, I : Caes. B. C. 2, 2 : v. 
 delay, hinder. 
 
 retch : sine vomitu nauseare, Cels. i, 
 J : cf. nausea segnis sine exitu, quae 
 bilem movet nee effundit, Sen. Ep. 5j, j. 
 
 retention : retentio : a r. of the 
 dowry, r. dolis, Papin. Dig. Jl, I, ';7, } 2 : 
 r. of urine, r., Coel. Aur. : v. stran- 
 gury. (N.B. — Cic. has the word as a 
 trans, of en-o^^J), a iiHthholding of the 
 assent.) Better expr. by a verb. 
 
 retentive : tenax, acis (constr. with 
 gen.) : a r. memory, t. memoria, Plin. 
 Kp. 6, 1 1 : Quint. P h r. : a city r. of the 
 institutions of its founder, civitas con- 
 ditoris retlnens, Tac. A. 6, 42 : the acute, 
 r. being whom we call man, animal 
 acutum, memor, quern vocamus homi- 
 nem, Cic. I^eg. i, 7, 22. 
 
 retentiveness : best expr. by me- 
 moria. Quint. II, 2 (q. v.): in Plin. Ep. 
 2, 2, ad med. the idea is expr. thus: 
 " incredibilis memoria : ne verbo quidem 
 labitur; ad tantam efiv {habit, as the 
 result of practice, r.) studio et exercita- 
 tione pervenit." In Lucr. }, 67J, reti- 
 nentia = remembrance or r. 
 
 reticence : rgtlcentia : Cic. : V. si- 
 lence, taciturnity. 
 
 reticent: tacitumus: Cic: v. re- 
 served, taciturn. 
 
 reticule : reticulum {a net-work 
 bag): Cic: Hor.: Juv. 
 
 reticulated : 1. reticuiatus : the 
 pattern on the shells vhich is r. like 
 lattice work, distinctio concharum can- 
 cellatim r., Plin. 9, jj, 52. 2. can- 
 cellatus (like lattice rvork) : a r. slcin, 
 c. cutis, Plin. 8, 10, 10 (said of the ele- 
 phant : in the same pass, the r. skin 
 itself is called cancelli, orum, to. pi.). 
 
 retina: *Tetma{t.t.). 
 
 retinue : 1. cQmitatus, lis : a 
 great r., magnus c, Cic. Cat. j, 3, 6. 
 2. expr. by several pi. words ; (i.) 
 stipatores {attendants upon a great 
 man) : he used to send one of his 
 r. in advance, praemittebat de stipa- 
 toribus suis, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25. (ii.) sa- 
 tellites {body-guard, r. of the court) : 
 the royal r., regii s., Liv. 2, 12. ad med. 
 (iil.) sectatores {followers : a weaker 
 expr. than the preced.) : Cic. Mur. J4, 70 : 
 cf. Tac. A. 16, 22 : v. FOLLOWER, de- 
 pendent, (iv.) comites (connpanions) : 
 esp. of the imperial court. Suet. Aug. 98 : 
 cf. Virg. Aen. 4, 162. 3, pompa(prop. 
 
 pageantry) : a r. of lictors, p. lictorum, 
 Cic. ham. 2, 16, 2. P h r. : with a vast r., 
 magna >tlpante caterva, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 1 ;6 : surrounded with a r. of youths, of 
 friends, stipatus choro juventutis, Cic. 
 Mur. 24, 49; gregibus amicorum, id. 
 Att. I, 18, ad init. 
 
 retire : 1. rgcedo, cessi, cessum, j 
 (to go back or anaii) : to r.from Mutina, 
 a Mutina r., Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 21 ; to r.from 
 public view, r. de medio, id. Rose Am. 
 J8, 112: about to r. (to rest), recessurus, 
 Ov. Ibis, 2J5 : Hor. 2. secedo, cessi, 
 cessum, j (to go aside or apart) : to r. to 
 the holy mountain, s. in Sacrum Montem, 
 Liv. 2, 31 : let the wicked r., let them 
 separate themselves from the good, se- 
 cedant improbi, secemant se a bonis, 
 Cic. Cat. t, I J, 3i: r. within yourself, 
 in te ipsum secede. Sen. Ep. 3 5, 7 (also 
 ad te recedere, id. ib.) : v. withdraw. 
 3, concedo, cessi, cessum, j (often 
 with the idea of yielding one's ground) : 
 to r. from the sight of their parents, 
 c. a parentum oculis, Cic. Cat. i, 7, 
 17 : to r. into winter quarters, c. in 
 hiberna, Liv. 26, 20: Scipio r.d to his 
 estate near Litemum, Scipio In Liter- 
 ninum concessit, id. j8, 52. 4. abscedo, 
 cessi, cessum, 3 {to go an ay) : to r.from 
 civil offices, a. civilibus muneribus, Liv. 
 9. ;, ad init. 5. decedo, cessi, cessum, 
 3 (to depart : esp. in ofiBcial lang. to quit 
 a post: constr. with de, ex, rarely ab; 
 or absol.) : to r.from one's post, de sta- 
 tione d., Cic. Sen. 20, 75 : to r.from (the 
 government of) a province, d. de pro- 
 vincia, id. Att. 7, }, et al (N.B. — The 
 force of the three preced. verbs may be 
 seen in PI. Am. j, 4, i : " concedit* atque 
 abscedite, omnes de viadecedite"= make 
 vay and withdraw — get out of the road, 
 all of you !) Q, excedo, cessi, cessum, 
 3 (to go out : constr. with abl., with or 
 without a prep.): to r.from the road, 
 e. ex via, Caes. B. G. 5, 19 : to r. from 
 the fght, e. praelio, id. ib. j, 4 : Co r. 
 through fear, e. metu, Liv. 42, i>i,a*lfin. ; 
 V. retreat. 7. abeo, ivi or ii, itum, 
 .^ [to go away) : to r. into a corner, in 
 angulum a., Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 10: to r. in 
 good order, turmatira a., Liv. 28, i? : to 
 r.from the office of flamen, flaniinio a., 
 id. 26, 13, extr. : v. lay down, abdicate, 
 RESIGN. 8. expr. by various trans, 
 vbs. with a reflect, pron. : se removere, 
 Cic. Off. I, 20, 69; e medio amovere. 
 Suet. Tib. 10 (joined with secedere) ; 
 subtrahere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (4), 5 ; 
 al)ducere, id. ib. j, 5, 4 ; recipere, id. 
 Off. 3, 1,2; conferre, id. ib. i, 42, 
 151 : v. betake oneself, and retire- 
 went. 
 
 retired (.adj.) : l. remotus : a r. 
 spot, r. locus, Caes. B. G. 7, i ; Cic. Verr. 
 5, ji, 80 : a r. part of the house, pars r. 
 domus, Ov. M. 6, 6j8. 2. secretus 
 (mostly poet.) : r. places, s. loca, Hor. 
 A. P. 298 : the r. walk, and by-path of 
 an unobtrusive life, s. iter, et fallentis 
 semita vitae, id. Ep. i, 18, loj. 3. 
 reductus (poet. : sequestered) : a r. vale, 
 T. vallls, Hor. Od. i, 17, 7 : Virg. 4. 
 secliisus : v. secluded. 5. solltarius 
 {lone, solitary) : a r. man, spending his 
 days in the country, s. homo, et in agro 
 vitam agens, Cic. Off. 2, 11, J9: v. soli- 
 tary. 6. mnhratiUs (contemplative) : 
 a r. and fastidious mode of life, vita u. 
 et delicata, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27. [In 
 Quint. I, 2, 18, the readings vary be- 
 tween u. and umbraticus, which is used 
 in Sen. in the same sense.] 7. quietus : 
 V. QUIET, TRANQUIL. Phr. : to live a r. 
 life, agere vitam segregem. Sen. Ben. 4, 
 18, 2 : a rather more r. room, retractius 
 pauUo cubiculum, Plin. Ep. 2, 17: in the 
 most r. part of the house, in ultimis 
 aedibus. Ter. Heaut. 5, i, 29 (q. v.). 
 
 retirement : |. The act of re- 
 tiring : V full. art. II, Secltision : 
 1. secrelum (used in both sing, and 
 pi.'): deep and close r,a.\tum abditumque 
 s., Plin. Ep. 2, 17 : to withdraw from the 
 stage of the world into r., se a vulgo et 
 scena in secreta removere, Hor. S. 2, i, 
 71. 2. secessus, iis: quiet and r., 
 silentium et s., Quint. 10, 3, 28 : to vats
 
 RETIRING 
 
 RFTRENCH 
 
 RETURN 
 
 rnie's time in rip')fe and r^ tempus in 
 otio s.que agere. Suet Vesp. 4. 3. 
 solitudo, Iiiis, /. (solitariness: used in 
 both si7iy. and pi.) : to withdraw from 
 ttie society of men into r., e coetu ho- 
 minum in 8. se recipere, Cic. Off. ?, 1,2. 
 80, eeccdere, Tac. Or. 9, extr. : to court r., 
 Bolitudines Bcqui, Cic. Att. 1 2, 26. Join: 
 6, et rewssuB, id. Att. 12, 26: he also 
 connects it witholiiim, Off. ?, I, i (q. v.). 
 
 4. otium {h'isure, repose : poet, in 
 pi.}: logo into r., in otinm venire, Cic. 
 Att. I, 7 : to tviUidrai" into secure r., in 
 
 0. tuta recedere, Hor. S. I, I. }l : Sen. 
 
 5. quies, etis, /. (rest) : their r. is 
 tiseful In mankind, quies eoruni proilest 
 hominibus. Sen. Ot. Sap. 6, ;. Join: 
 q. et otium, Tac. Apr. 6. 6, silentium : 
 Tac. Agr. } (are enforced r.). Phr. : a 
 place of r., sccessus, us : v. betreat : 
 a life of r., vita privata et quieta, Cic. 
 Sen. "J, 21 : to pass one's life in r., aeta- 
 tem procnl a republica habere. Sail. C. 
 4 : to live in r. in the country, rure et 
 procul coetu hominum vivere, Liv. •;, ;, 
 extr. : he lives in the deepest r. in the 
 country, latet aliditus agro, Hor. Kp. i, 
 1,5; so latere, Ov. Tr. j, 4, 2; ; fallCre, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 17, 10; secubare. Prop. J, 
 19,41 ; tescapeinto the r. ofmylibrary, 
 abdo me in bibliothecam, Cic. Fam. 7, 
 28, 2. 
 
 retiring {subs.) : 1. rBcessus, fis : 
 an advancing and r., accessns ct r., Cic. 
 Div. 2, 14, 14. 2. regressio ; Front. : 
 V. RETREAT. 3. secessus, us; Plin. : 
 V. DEPARTPRE. 4. abdicatio : v. ab- 
 
 mCATION, RESIGNATION. 
 
 retiring (adj) •• vgrecundus : v. 
 
 MODEST, DIFFIDENT. 
 
 retort ("•) •• 1. reggro, gessi, ges- 
 tum, i tor. abuse, r. convicla, Hor. S. 
 
 1. 7t 29- V. KEC'uiMiNATE. 2. rCper- 
 ciitio, cussi, cussum, 5 (to strike back 
 again): Quint. 6, j, 2J. 3. retorqueo, 
 torsi, tortum, 2 : to r. an argument, r. 
 argumentum, App. Flor. 4, p. j6o, ad fin. 
 
 4. expr. by rgfSro, or other verbs 
 meaning to answer, rejoin; if any one 
 r.'d, si referret aliquis, Cic. Fat. ij, jo 
 (cf. quura argumentum propositum re- 
 ferrl contra, convertique potest in eum 
 a quo dictum est, (iell. 5, 10, q. v.). 
 Phr.: am I never to r.f nunquamne 
 reponam ? Juv. 1, r. 
 
 retort {subf.) .- |. a sharp reply : 
 no exact rquiv. : it may be trans, by 
 reciproca argumenta (ai/Ti(TTpe'<^oi^a), 
 Gell. 5, 10; unllcategSria, Aug. (as a 
 Gk. word in Quiiit.) : v. recrimination : 
 the act of retorting 1 charge, relatio 
 criminis, Cic. Inv. i, 11, 15. ||. A 
 vessel used in chemistry: • ampulla 
 chemica collo retorto : or as 1. 1. simply 
 * re tortum. 
 
 retouch: 1. rgtracto, l (to take 
 in hand again) : to r. the props, r. peda- 
 menta. Col. 4, 26, i. Fig.: to r. his 
 poems, carmina r., Suet. Gram. 2 : Cic. : 
 V. REVISE, IMI'ROVE. 2. interpfilo, i 
 (to furbish, vamp up) : to r. a picture, 
 nova pictura i. opus, PI. Most, i, }, 105 
 (com. of a woman painting herself) so, 
 interpolatio (the aet of r.ing). Plin. ij, 
 12, 2?. Phr.: to r. a fresco, parietes 
 pictos reficere, id. 55, 11, 40, a(i init.: 
 I have sent the composition to you in a 
 more revised form, ami indeed the ori- 
 ginal copy, r.'d and reicritten in many 
 places, <nJvTa.yiJ.OL ad te misi retractatius, 
 etquidem apxtTu-nov crebris locis incul- 
 catum et lelectnni, Cic. Att. 16, j, ad 
 init. : to r a irork, alia interscribere, 
 alia rescribere, Plin. Kp. 7, 9 (q. v.). 
 
 retrace : I. 'fo trace (iack .- \, 
 rSpCto, ivi or ii, itum, j (to go back to) : 
 to r. the road by vhich he came, r. vlam 
 qua venis.set, Liv. ;5, 28 . on r.ing avd 
 counting up Vie days, repetitis el enu- 
 merails diehus, Caes. B. C. ?, 105 • to r. 
 the origin of justice to nature, r. stlr|)eni 
 juris a natura, Cic. Leg. i, 6. 20: ring 
 it from that point, inde usque repi'tens, 
 Id. Arch. I, I : V. trace. 2. rgcalco, i ; 
 to r. otie's footsteps, r. vestigia, App. M. 
 6, p. 181. 3. expr. by phr. with erailus 
 or pedera : to r. one's tear/, gradus re- 
 vocare, Virg. Aen. 6, 128 ; referre pedem. 
 
 Caes. : v. retrkat, rktcrn. ||, 7b 
 
 truce over again (in painting): 'denuo 
 dclinearc. 
 
 retract ! 1. rCnuntio, I : to 
 
 r. one's decision, r. decisionem, Cic. 
 Verr. i, 54, 141 ; used absol. id. Att. 
 2, I. 2. retracto, i (rare) to r. one's 
 words, dicta r, Vlrg. Aen. 12, 11 : to r. 
 and cUxilish largesses, largitiones r. et in 
 irritum vindlcare, Tiaj. in Plin. Ep. 10, 
 112. 3. r8v6co, I (to recall): to r. a 
 promise, r. proniissum, Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 2. 
 4. rfcanto, i : Hor. Od. i, 16, 27 : 
 
 V, RKCANT. 
 
 retractation: 1. rgceptus, us 
 
 (very rare) : the r. of a too obstinatelii 
 malidained opinion, r. nimis pertinacis 
 sententiae, Liv. 4, 57. 2. palinodia : 
 Macr. (This is thrice used by Cic. as a 
 Gk. word : e. g. : a rather disgraceful 
 r., subtnrpicula iraAii-wSia, Att. 4. 5): v. 
 itECANTATioN. [.\.B.— " Reiractationes," 
 the title of a work of Aug., means " re- 
 irisiinis," " amended views."^ 
 
 retreat (»■)■■ 1. redpio, cspi, 
 
 ceptum. J (to draw back: hence with 
 pron. rejl., to r.) to r. to the camp, r. se 
 in castra, Caes. B.C. }, 76: there vas an 
 oppirtunity of r.ing, sui reciplendi fa- 
 cultas dabatur, id. B. (J. j, 4: Cic: Liv. 
 2. rCfC'ro, retuU (rettuli), rglatum, j 
 (s;/n. of prercd. : constr. with peilem or 
 grailum): to r., r. pcdem, Cic. Phil. 12, 
 ?, 8; Cae.s. : so with retro, F'haedr. 2. i, 
 6: gradum, Liv. i, 14, culfm.; and as 
 milit. t. t. r. signa, id. }8, 2, ad med. 
 F i g. : to r. as quietly as possible, quam 
 mollissime pedem r.. Quint 6, 4, 19. 
 (N. B. — Recipere se is not to r., but 
 simply to go back, return.) 3. r^- 
 cedo, cessi, ces.sum, j (to go back): to 
 r. from their jmsition. ex quo stahant 
 loco r., Caes. B. G. 5, 4? . v. rctirk. 
 (N.B. — Relrocedenies occurs as a part. 
 in Liv. 8, 8, ad med.) 4. rgfugio, 
 ffigi, fugltum, } (to flee for refuge): 
 to r. to the roadstead, r. in stationem, 
 Liv. 10, 2 V. TAKE REFUGE. 5. resilio, 
 ui, } (to leap back: in Cic. only fig): 
 the mountain range r.s on the north, 
 mons a septenirione resllit Plin. 5, 27, 
 27 : V. RECOIL. Phr.: she r.s before the 
 foe, pedem ex hoste reportat, Virg. Aen. 
 
 ■11,764- 
 
 retreat (^ubs.): |. withdrawal: 
 
 1, rfceplus, us: being anxious about 
 the r. of his men, receptui suurum 
 timens, Caes. B. C. }. 46 : the line of r. 
 lay down a sUtpe, erat per declive r„ id. 
 ib. J, 4; : an easy r., facilis r., id. ib. i, 
 46 ; the signal for a r., signum receptui, 
 Cic. Phil. If, 7, 15 : to sound a r., re- 
 ceptui canere, id. ib. 12, ?■ 8 (but the 
 phr. Is also used in Caes. B. G. 7, 47, for 
 sounding a halt). 2. rgcessus, us : the 
 rear prevented the r. of the front rank, 
 r. primi nltimis non dabant, Caes. B. G. 
 5, 4?' opp. to accessus (advance), Cic. 
 Fam. 9. 14. 7. 3. regressus, us (used 
 also fig.) : a r. into a safe place, r. in 
 tutnni, Liv. j8, 4, ad fin. (The form re- 
 gressio occurs in Front) 4. rgcursus, 
 us : that a way of r. might be open, ut r. 
 pateret, LIv. 26, 42, ad fin. : an orderly 
 r., inconfusus r., Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 
 622. 5. redilus, iis(are<Mi-ji)-' whence 
 they might have a safe line of r. to the 
 ships, uiide r. tutus ad naves esset, Liv. 
 9, ?8: v. return. II. A place of r., 
 refuge ; 1. rCcessus. fis : all the r.s 
 and nonks (f I'hrygia, omnes r. afque 
 anguli Phrygiae, Liv. 38, 45 : a lonely 
 place of r., solitudo et r., Cic. Att. 12, 
 26: a safe r., tuti r., Virg. Aen. 11, 527 
 (al. receptus : this, how ever, does not 
 occur in the sense of a r.). 2. secessus, 
 us : a pleasant r., amoeni s., Tac. A. 14, 
 62 : Virg. 3. respect us, us : v. refuge. 
 4. lilt<'brae, /. pi. (a lurking-place, 
 esp. of wild animals : very rare in sing) : 
 to hide oneself in a r., latebris se 00- 
 cultare, Cic. Maiiil. !, 7 : a r.from u-ar, 
 lalcbra bellor m, Liicun 5, 743. 
 
 retrench : I. ''" cu< dou-n .- 1. 
 n'cidu, di. Mini. ? (to cut down) : to 
 r. their sahiries, merccdes r., Suet. Tib. 
 54: to r. very much, perquam multa r.. 
 Quint 12, 10, 52. Hor. A. i'. 447; 
 
 v. CUT DOWN, DiMJM.sn. 2. .imputo, I; 
 Cic. : V. CURTAIL. Phr.: tu r. czpenut, 
 sumptus minuere, Cic. Fam. j. 8, j ; 
 circumcldere, Liv. j2, 27 ; extenuare, 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 2j, 59; impensas corripere. 
 Suet Tib. 34 : v. re&tkict. ||. T. t 
 in fortification : v. foil. art. and EK- 
 
 TBENCH. 
 
 retrenchment : I. -^ cutting down: 
 rCcisio: Ulp. Dig. 28, ;, 35,^1: v. dimi- 
 NCTION. jl. T. t. in fortification : expr. 
 by •munitio interior: tomakear.. perh. 
 reducere : cf r<4iquas omnes munitionea 
 ab ea fossa pedes c d reduxit, Caes. B. G. 
 
 retribution : retrlbutio : Lact. : r. 
 is rarely used in a good sense: if so, 
 expr. by remuncratio, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69: 
 V. REWARD ; In a bad sense e.\pr. by 
 merces, cedis,/. (reward) : to appoint a 
 severe r.f or rashness, tcmcritatis gravem 
 m. statuere, Liv. 39, 55: or better by 
 poena (both sing, and pi.) : a tardy, but 
 just and merited r.. Bene sed justae 
 lanien et merllae p.. Cic. MIL ?i, 85: 
 personified as the goddess of Jl., Hor. Od. 
 3, 2, 32 : prgtlum (reward) is also used 
 (or punishment, r. (in thepoet*): Juv. 
 U, 105 : Hor. : the law of r., lex talionis, 
 Gell. 20, I : V. REQurrAL, retaliation. 
 
 retributive : no exact equiv. : 
 punishing the crimes of men with r. 
 justice, facta virum multantes vindice 
 poena, Catul. 64, 192 : r. justice, "severa 
 scelerum ultrix juslitla. 
 
 retrieve: sarcio, si, tum, 4: v. nr- 
 
 PAIR, MAKE GOOD: OF rgCUpCrO, I • v. 
 RECflVER. 
 
 retrievable : pensabnis : a r. loss, 
 p. danimini, Anim. ?i, 13, 11. 
 
 retrocession: retrocessus, as: App. 
 I)ogni. I'lat. I, p. 5, extr.: v. retrogres- 
 sion. 
 
 retrograde (adj.) » 1. retro- 
 
 gradii.- (retrOgrSdis, App.): whether the 
 planet Jupiter had a r. motion, Jupiter 
 an esset r.. Sen. N. Q. 7, 25, 5 : Plin. 
 
 2. siipinus: V. backward. 
 
 retrograde (")•■ I. Lit. : 1. 
 
 retrogradior, 3 ; (the anima!) r.s when 
 feeding, relrograditur in pascendo, Plin. 
 8, 15, 16. 2. retroeo, 4: Sen. Q. N. 
 7, 21, 2 (al. retro eo): v. retire, recfj>k. 
 
 3. expr. by the advs. retro, retror- 
 sum, (-us), joined to vbs. of motion : the 
 .•^tars )■., stellae aguntur retro, Sen. Q. N. 
 7, 25, ;: cralis r., cancri retrorsum (oi. 
 relrorsi, adj.) redeunt, Plin. 9, 31, Jl; 
 to r., recessim se dare, PI. Cas. 2, 8, 7. 
 
 II. Fig.: nearest word perh. re labor, 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, 18 • usu. expr. by a phr.: 
 all things have r.d, versa et mutata in 
 pejorem partem sunt omnia, Cic. Rose. 
 Am. 36, 103 : to r., deteriore statu esse, 
 Auct Har. Resp. 28,61. 
 
 retrogression: 1. regressus, ub: 
 
 Cic. N. 1). 2, 20, 51 (opp. to progressns). 
 
 2. rficessus, \is: Cic. liiv. 2, 14. 34 
 
 (opp. to accessus). 3. retrPgressus, 
 
 lis: Macr. 
 
 retrospect: "o exact equiv.: expr. 
 by rcspicere (to look back) : our minds 
 cannot take so rast a r., animi lam lonpe 
 retro r. non iwssunt, Cic. Tusc. ?, 2. 6: 
 as far back as my memory can foi m a 
 r., quoad longlssime pt>tesi mens niea r. 
 spatium praeteriti lemporls, id. Arch. 
 I, I. 
 
 retrospective: 'xpr- by the adv*. 
 retro, retrorsus (-uiiO : if "« trish to 
 make it a r. enactment much confusion 
 must arise, cujus (Icgis) vim si retro 
 velimus custodire multa necesse est 
 perturbari, I'rajan in Plin. Ep. 10, 116 ■ 
 lest it should be made r., ne cujusquaro 
 retro habeatur ratio, Plin. Ep. 10. 119: 
 liecause the action is r., quia retrorsum 
 se actio relert, Ulp. Dig U, 5. 10. } i- 
 
 retrospectively: ''"pr- by retro: 
 
 cf. delnccps r. usi|ue ad Koniiilum, Cic 
 Rep. I, ?7: so, retrorsum, Ulp. lUg. 15, 
 I, n, i I- 
 
 return (''•.)•■ A. Trans.: \. To 
 give back, restore : 1. reddo. didi, 
 dlium, i : r. me my 10,000 sesterces, 
 redde mihi x. sestenia, Catul. 102. I : to 
 r. is to gii-e that which you owe to its 
 owner oil his request, r. est id quod de- 
 683
 
 RETU RN 
 
 RETURNING 
 
 REVEAL 
 
 beas ei cujus est volenti dare, Sen. Ben. 
 7, 19, 1 (q. V.) : tor. a thing " icith in- 
 terest," quod acceperis msyore mensura 
 r., Cia Off. i, 15, 48. 2. restltuo, ui, 
 utum, J (consir. with ad or dat.) : v. 
 RESTORE. Join: reddere et r., Ter. 
 Eun. 4, 6, 8. 3. refero, retuU (ret- 
 tuli) relatum, j , to r. the stolen boid, r. 
 pateram surreptara, Cic. Div. i, 25, 54. 
 4. remitto, misi, missum, j (to 
 send back') : r. me my napkin, mihi lin- 
 teum remitle, Catul. 12, 11. / r. your 
 proffered favour, vestrum vobis bene- 
 ficium remitto, Caes. B. C. 2, 32, extr. 
 5. redhlbeo, 2(0 inevc. t. t.) : the 
 slave may be r.'d according to the civil 
 law, redhibeatur mancipium jure civili, 
 Cic. Off. ?, 2}, 91 . Dig. : PI. II. To 
 repay, give an equivalent for: 1. 
 
 rgfero, retiili (rettail), relatum, J : if he 
 cannot r. a kindness he can at least be 
 sensible of it, si r. gratlam non potest 
 habere certe potest, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69 : to 
 r. like for like, parem gratiam r., Ter. 
 Eun. 4, 4, ; I : par pro pari r., id. ib. }, 1, 
 5; (here Fleckeisen retains pro : others 
 omit it). 2. reddo, didi, ditura, ? : to 
 r. an answer, r. responsum. Cic. Plane. 
 14, 54 V. RETURN (sribs.) III. 3. le- 
 pono, posui, positum. }: to r. like for 
 like, idfm r., Cic. Fam. i, 9, 19: v. re- 
 pay, REQtrrrE. (N.B. — The toll, passage 
 is important it explains the preced. : — 
 'referre est ultro quod debeas afferre. 
 Non dicimus, gratiam reddidit ; red- 
 dunt enim et qui reposcuntur et qui 
 inviti, et qui tibilibet, et qui per 
 alium. Xon diciuius reposuit benefi- 
 cium aut solvit : nullum enim nobis 
 placuit quod aeri alieno convenit ver- 
 bum. K'ferre est ad eum a quo acce- 
 peris rem ferre : haec vox significat 
 volantariam relatwiiem : qui retulit 
 ipse se appellavit:" Sen. Ep. 81,9-10.) 
 Ph r. to r. an answer, respondere, Cic. : 
 V. ANSWER ■ (to a letter) rescribere, id. : 
 to r, love for love, amori amore respond- 
 ere, id. Fam. 15, 21, } ; redamare (ut ita 
 dicam), id. Am. 14, 49 (here only) : to r. 
 a favour, rependere gratiam, Phaedr. 2, 
 prol., 12 : to }•. like for like, par pari 
 respondere, Cic. Att. 6, i ; mutuura 
 I'acere, PI. Trin. 2, 4, J7 : to r. a blow, 
 referire, Sen. Ira, 2, 54, 5 : to r. a salu- 
 tation, resalutare, Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 106 : 
 after r.ing each other's greeting, salu- 
 tato inviceni, Phaedr. }, "J, } : a shout 
 arises, the banks r. the sound, exoritur 
 clamor, ripaeque responsant, Virg. Aen. 
 
 i^' 757- III' ^'^ S"-'* "* <*" official 
 statement : 1. profiteer, fessus, } (to 
 make a r. respectiug oneself) : to r. 
 one's name among these, in his p. nomen 
 suuni, Ter. Eun. prol. j : Cic. 2. >"6- 
 nnntio, i : (to make a r. respecting 
 others : hence of the r.ing officers, etc.) : 
 to r. Murena as consul, Mureiiam con- 
 sulem r., Cic. Mur. i, i. B. In- 
 trans. : 1. redeo, ii, Ttum, 4 (con- 
 str. with 171, ad, ace. of motioti, or adv. : 
 also pass, impers.) : the bourn ivhence 
 they say none r., illue unde negant r. 
 quenquam, CatuL J, 12 : to go and r., 
 ire et r., Phaedr. 2. 8, 12 ; rarely, and in 
 poet., r. ireque, Ov. M. 2, 409: r.ing in 
 careless or(i«% redeuntes agmiiieincauto, 
 Liv. 9, 58 : by what day I am likely to 
 r., ad quos dies rediturus sim, Cic. Att. 
 I J, 9, extr.: thence they r.'d to .'iora, ad 
 Soram inde reditum (^sc. est), Liv. 9, 24. 
 Fig. : to r. to their original condition, 
 in pristinum statum r., Caes. B. G. 7, 
 54, ad fin. 2. rgvertor, versus or 
 revei*o,"ti, } (the dep. form is the more 
 usual, except in the pf. tenses : but the 
 dep. pf. occurs in Tac. and Quint. : prop. 
 to turn back again, before reaching 
 one's destination : constr. like preced.) : 
 to go out of tne's house and to r., exire 
 domo et r., Cic. Tusc. i, 15, Jl : having 
 advanced three days' journey they r.'d, 
 tridui viam progressi rursus reverte- 
 runt, Caes. B. Ct. 4, 4 (notice the 
 pleonasm). Fig.: to r. to one's old 
 tcays, ad superiorem consuetudiiieni r., 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 24, 2 : as a vulgar prov., 
 ad armillum r., App. M.9, p. 2}o; Lueil. 
 (prop, to r. to the mne-vessel). 3. 
 684 
 
 r6venio, veni, ventum, j (to come ba/:k) : 
 to r. home, dnmum r., Cic. de Or I, j8, 
 175: PI.: Tac. 4. rgmigro, I (to r. 
 to a fwmer abode) : to r. to their ouit 
 territory, suos r. in agros, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 27. Fig. • to r, to justice, ad justi- 
 tiam r., Cic. Tusc. 5. 21, 62. 5. re- 
 volver, voliitus, ] (to turn back): I r. 
 again and again to my seat at Tus- 
 culum, revolvur identidem in Tuscu- 
 lanum, Cic. Att. i ?, 26. Fig.: to r. to 
 his father's opinion, r. ad patris senten- 
 tiam, id. Acad. 2, 48, 148. 6. renieo, 
 1 (oitce only in Cic, of the movements 
 of the air) : the herds used to r. at 
 nightfall to the stalls, nocte remeabant 
 ad stabula greges, Liv. 24, j : to r. to 
 their native abodes, r. in patrias sedes, 
 Tac. A. 14, 25. 7. repeto, ivi or ii, 
 itum, J (to r. to : constr. trans, with 
 ace.: rarely absol.): to r. to the camp, 
 castra r., Liv. Ji, 21 : diseases r., morbi 
 repetunt, Cels. 2, i, ad init. 8. rgcurro, 
 curri, j (to run back : hence, fig., to 
 r.) : you may drive out nature by force, 
 yet she will continually r., naturam ex- 
 pellas furca, tamen usque recurret. Hor. 
 Ep. I, 10, 24: whence all things came, 
 whither they r., unde generata (sint 
 omnia) quo recurrant, Cic. I^eg. i, 2J, 
 61. 9. recurso, I (freq. of preced.) : 
 at night her anxiety r.s again and 
 again, sub noctem cura recursat, Virg. 
 Aen.1,662. 10. rebito,j; PI. Phr.: 
 he r.'d to the banquet, se ipse convivio 
 reddidit, Liv. 2j, 9, extr. : is it not enough 
 to r. to Ithaca:' non satis est Ithacam 
 revehi ? Hor. S. 2, 5, 4 : to r. by the same 
 way, iter rursus revolvere, Virg. Aen. 
 9, J91 ; relegere, Stat. Ach. i, 2j ; to r. 
 bcicfc, iter retrorsum porrigere, App. M. 
 6, p. 174: V. RETUACE: to r. from a 
 walk, redambulare, PI. Capt. 4, 2, 121 : 
 to r., pedem revocare, Virg. Aen. 9, 12; ; 
 refeiTe, Ps. Ov. H. 15, 186 : to cause to 
 r. from exile, de exsilio reducere, Cic. 
 I'bil. 2, 4, 9 ■ to r. into voluntary exile, 
 denuo in voluntarium exsilium pro- 
 ficisci. Just. 5, 5, extf: : to r. to one's 
 former intemperance, innovare se ad 
 suani intemperantiam, Cic. Pis. ?6, 89: 
 to r. to one's original pui'suits, se ad 
 pristina studia revocare, id. Brut. 3, 11 : 
 to )•. to philosophy, se ad philosophiam 
 referre, id. Off. 2, 1,4: Syracuse r.'d into 
 its former servitude. Syracusae in anti- 
 quam servitutem recidenuit, Liv. 24, 32, 
 extr. 
 return (s«te.):l I. ^ going or 
 returning: i coming back: 1. 
 reditus, iis (constr. with ad, in, or ace. 
 of motion : cf. Lat. Gram. ^ 260) our go- 
 ing and r., noster itus. r.. Cic. Att. 15,5, 
 ad fin. : a r. home from the forum, do- 
 mum r. e foro, id. Pis. }, 7. 2. re- 
 ditio (rarer than preced.) : Cic. : Caes. 
 3. reversio (a turning back before 
 the journey is at an end : cf Cic. Att. 
 16, 7, reditus vel potius r.) : the r. of fevers, 
 T. febrium, id. N. I), j, 10, 24. 4. le- 
 gressus, its : opp. to progressus, Cic. N. D. 
 2, 20, 51. Fig. : a r. to repentance, r. 
 ad poenitendum, Tac. A. 4, ii. 5, 
 
 rgceptus, us (in fig. sense) : o r. to 
 Caesar' s favour , r. ad Caesaris gratiam, 
 Caes. B. C. I, I : Liv. 6. renieatus, lis : 
 Dig. (App. has remeaciilum for a ivay 
 0/ ?■., M. 6, p. 174.) Pbr. : to answer 
 letters by r. of post, perh. Uteris statim 
 rescribere, Cic. Att. 8, 1, ad init. (cf. 
 tabellarios quam primum remittere, id. 
 Fam. 14, 2J): lesscUissically, *per prox- 
 imum qui abit cursum publicum 
 literas permittere(Kr.). ||. A giving 
 back, restitution : 1, restittitio : v. 
 RESTiTcmoN. 2. rSdhibitio (a mere, 
 and leg. t. t.) : the r. or the retention of 
 the dowry, r. vel retentio dotis. Cod. 
 Just. 5, J, 19. III. Repayment, giving 
 of an equivalent : 1. 1 emiineratio : 
 nothing is pleasanter than the r. of 
 kindness, nihil remuneratione benevo- 
 lentiae jucuiidius, Cic. Am. 14, 49: 
 absol. : id. Off. 2, 20, 69 : v. recompense. 
 2. vicis, /. (a gen. sing. : no nam,, 
 sing, or gen. pi.) : to make a r. for a 
 kindness, beneficio v. exsolvern, Tac. H. 
 4, } ; or simply, v. reddere. Plin. Ep. 2, 
 
 9, extr. : in r., invicem (one word) • v. 
 
 TO UN, REQUITAL. P h r. : Sht who lOVCt 
 
 me, whom I love in r., quae me amat, 
 quam contra amo, PI. Am. j, 2, 24 (}2): 
 Ter. : such is the r. you make for 
 your life, talia redd is praemia pro 
 vita, Catul. 64, 157: nor do I demand 
 anything in r. for her, neque repeto 
 pro ilia quicqiiam, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 
 II : / iiill buy another better mantle 
 in r., aliam pallam redimam meliorem, 
 PI. Men. 4, 2, no (115): to invUe any 
 one in r.. revocare aliquem, Phaedr. i, 
 26, 7 : Cic. : to promise in r., repromit- 
 tere, id. Rose. Com. I J, J9 (where also 
 occurs the subs, repromissio) : to ask a 
 concession and grant it in r., veniam 
 petere dareque vicissim, Hor. A. P. 11. 
 Sometimes expr. by Gk. words: to flout 
 i7i r., a.vTiij.vKT7ipi^tiv, Cic. Fam. 15, 19, 
 4 : a present in r., avriSiopoi', Ulp. 
 ; Dig. 5, 3. 25, $ 11; a.vTi(t>ipva (a r. pre- 
 ' sent from, the bridegroom) Cod. Just. 
 IV. t'roceeds, profit : 1. reditus, 
 us (both sing, and pi.) : when the r.s de- 
 crease the value {of property) is lessened, 
 decrescente reditu etiam pretium minu- 
 it, Plin. Ep. 6, j : Nep. . Ov. : v. BB- 
 vENUE, INCOME. 2. rcdactus, iis : 
 Scaev. Dig. 46, j, 89. 3. expr. by 
 quaestus, iis, v. gain, profit: fructus, 
 iis, V. FRUIT. 4. pretium: the r. from 
 the goods they sold, p. rerum quas vend- 
 iderint, Phaedr. 4, 5, 47. Phr. : nobody 
 is bound to layout moneyon cultivation 
 if he sers there is no possibility of a r., 
 nemo debet sumptum facere si videt 
 non posse refici, Varr. K. R. i, 2. 8: 
 Cic. Par. 6, i, ad fin. : what clear r. 
 there may be for the owners, quid possit 
 ad dominos puri ac reliqui per venire, 
 id. Verr. j, 86, 200 : he affirms that 
 tliere is a r. of 1200 gallons from each 
 juger, denos culeos redire ex jugeribus 
 scripsit, Plin. 14, 4, 5, extr. : the land 
 gives an eightfold r., ager efiBcit cum 
 octavo, Cic. Verr. j, 47, 112 : a sure r. 
 from my crops, segetis certa fides meae, 
 Hor. Od. ;, 16. 30: the r.s of the sale 
 were divided among the sohliers, quod- 
 que inde redactum militibus est divi- 
 sum. Liv. 5, 16. V. ^'^ official de- 
 claration : 1. professio (a r. of on^s 
 name, income, etc.) : to fill in a r., con- 
 ficere p., Cic. Fam. 16, 2}. The verb Is 
 prot iteor, fessus, j : to give in a r. of 
 the spoil he has to the decemvirs, p. apud 
 Xviros quantum habeat praedae, id. 
 Agr. 2, 22, 59. 2. renumeratio (a r. 
 of elections, votes. He.) ■ a r.of tite votes, 
 r. suffragiorum, Cic. Plane. 6, 14 : the 
 verb is renuntiare, v. return (u.) A., 
 IIL 
 I returning (part, and adj.) : 1. 
 I rgcidivus : a r. (or remittent) fever, r. 
 j febris, Cels. ;, 4 : Feci. 2. remea- 
 I bills : the r. stone, r. saxum, Stat. Th. 4, 
 
 ! returned: redux, diicis. a r. ship, 
 
 navis r., Liv. 21, 50: a r. army, r. 
 
 exercitus, Tac. A. i, 70, extr. : Virg. ; 
 
 Catul. 
 
 reunite: |, Lit. : 1, reglu- 
 
 tino, I . i'rud. (in Catul. to unfasten). 
 2. recorapingo, } : Tert. 3. re- 
 compono, no pf., p6situm, j : to r. 
 a fracture, r. fracturam, Veg. Vet. 2, 
 47", i. 4. better expr. by unite again : 
 V. unite. II. Fig.: rficoncilio, i: 
 
 Cic. : V. RECONCILE. 
 
 reunion: I. Lit.: readunatio: 
 Tert II. Fig.: reconciliatio ; Cic. : 
 V. reconciliation. It is sometimes 
 used improp. for meeting, assembly 
 (q. v.). 
 
 reveal : 1. patgfacio, ftci, fac- 
 tum, J (e in Lncr.) : to r. the snares, p. 
 insidias, Cic. Fam. 1 5, 2, 7 : to r. the truth, 
 p. veritatem, id. SuU. 16, 45 : / traced the 
 evidenct out, r.d it, brought it forward, 
 indicia indagavi, patefeci, protuli, id. 
 Mil. J7, 10} : the plot being r.d, indicio 
 patefacto. Sail. J 73, ad init. : the pas*, 
 is expr. by patefio or pateo, 2 (neut. : to 
 lie (^en) : the goddess was r.d by her 
 gait, vera incessu patuit dea, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 405 : V. disclose, unfold. 2. 
 aperio, ui, turn, 4 (constr. with ace. and
 
 REVEALER 
 
 R E V E N O E 
 
 REVERENCE 
 
 inf., rel. daute, or de) : to r. Vie future, 
 a. futura, Tuc. H. 2, 4 : A« r.s t<> the ship- 
 master w)u) he is, doniino navis quis sit 
 aperit, Nep. Them. 8, 6. 3. rgifgo, 
 xi, ctum, J (to uncover) .- to r. the sucrets 
 of the conspiracy, r. occulta coiijura- 
 tioDla, Tac. A. i;, 14: Virg. : Hor. : Ov. 
 
 4, detfigo. xi, ctum, ? (syn. of pre- 
 eed.) : oratory brings out tlie charactKr. 
 and rjs tlie secrets of the mind, profert 
 mores oratio et animi secrela detegit, 
 Quint. II, I, JO Liv. : v. discovkr. 
 
 5. revelo, I (t(i unveil : tbe usual 
 expr. in ectl. authors; : to r. fiUMls, 
 detegere et r. fraudes, App. M. 9, p. 22Q : 
 r. <A« Scriptures untii ine, revela mini 
 Scripturas. Aug. Conf. 11, 2 . my son 
 Jesus sImJI be r.'d, revelabitur tilius 
 mpus Jesus, Vulg. Esdr. iv. "j, 28: r.'d 
 religion, perh. •religio reveluta. 6. 
 rgcludo, di, sum, ; {to open nhat has 
 been shut): drunlcenness r.s what has 
 been hidden, f-brietas operta recludit, 
 Hor. Kp. I. 5,i6- lac: Virg. T.vk- 
 signo, I (syn. of preced.): Ov. F. 6, 
 SJ5- 8. rSs6ro, i (to unfasten, un- 
 lock) : to r. the oracles of the mind, r. 
 oracula mentis, Ov. M. 15, 14;. 9. 
 niido, I (to lay bare) : adversity ustujUy 
 r.s Vie character, ingenium n. res ad- 
 versae sclent, Hor. S 2, 8. 14 ■ I-iv. 
 
 10. pando, di, passum or paiisuni, 
 J (to open) : to r Um origin of things, 
 p. rerum primordia, Lucr. i, ;j: V^irg. 
 
 11. enuntio, i (to r. by ivtrds) : he 
 tuas bound by an oath not to r. ivhat 
 might be seen, adigebaiur jurejuraiido 
 quae vita esseni non enuntiatiirum, Liv. 
 10, j8: Caes. B. G. i, 4 Cic. : v. dis- 
 CLOSK, DivDi,oE,PDBUSH. 12. indico, 
 I (to point out) : he r.'d the vhole mat- 
 ter to his mistress, rem omnem dominae 
 indicavit, Cic. Clu. 64, 180 Liv.: v. 
 
 SHOW, DtXLARK, MAKE KNOWS. Phr. : 
 
 the time vhen the conspiracy uas r.'d. 
 tempus quo fieret indicium conjura- 
 tionls, Cic. Div. 2. 20, 46 : the glitter of 
 the helm will r. the robber, nitor galeae 
 manifeslabit latronem, Ov. M. u, ic6: 
 
 V BETRAV: that from fear of dangerous 
 consequences he had nei-er r.'d it, se nun- 
 quam in medium propter periculi me- 
 tum proiulisse, Cic. Fam 15, 2, 6. to r. 
 all one's secrets to a friend, exproniere 
 omnia sua occulta apud amicum, Ter. 
 Heaut. ?, }. 14. 
 
 revealer ; detector, patgfactor.Tert. : 
 better e.xpr, by verb. 
 
 revealing (subs.) .- v, revelation. 
 
 revel (''•)■• I. LH-: 1. comis- 
 sor, I (prop, to hold a festive procession 
 with torches and mitsic) • to go to r at 
 his brother's, c. ad fratrem, Liv. 40, 7 : 
 
 V CAROUSE. 2. bacchor. I (to riot 
 like a Bacduinal : often fig.) : in what 
 delight will you r '. quanta in voluptate 
 bacchabere I Cic. Git. I, 10, 26 : to r. in 
 the slaughter of you, in vestra caede b.. 
 Id. ib. 4, 6, 1 1 : Virg. 3. perbaccbor, i 
 (stronger than prtced.): to r, many 
 dayi, raultos dies p., Cic. Phil. 2,41, 104. 
 
 4. pergraecor, i (to r like a Greek) : 
 Pi. Most. I, I, 21. It. Fig. . 1. 
 exsulto, I (to leap fur joy) : to r in their 
 neniy acquired freedom,, e. insolentia 
 libertatis, Cic. Ke'p. i, 40: tor in vain 
 hopes, e. vana spe, Quint. 6, 4, i" : v. 
 KKjoiCE. 2. luxiirio, or luxurior, I ; 
 Capua r.ing in prosperity, Capua lu.x- 
 urians felicitate, Liv. 2J, 2, ad init. : v 
 RIOT. 3. lascivlo, 4. Cic. Rep. i, 40: 
 
 v. TO BE WANTON'. 
 
 revel (^"''s)- I l. comissatio: to 
 revelling r \ prolong the r.s till 
 midnight, oimissationes extenders ad 
 mediam noctem. Suet. Tit. "j : Cic. 2. 
 bacchatio : nightly r., noctuma b.ic- 
 chaiio, Cic. Verr. Act. 2, 1. 12, J J. 3. 
 orgia, orum, n. pi. (opyta.: prop, of re- 
 ligious r.s) I Italian r.s, Jtala orgia. 
 Prop. J, I, 4: Jnv. 4. luxuria (ex- 
 cess in eating and drinking): v. uidt, 
 DEBAncHERY. Phr.: to pass o7ie's days 
 in r., bacchanalia vivcre, Juv. 2, j : he 
 instituted a ti«i« digiiity. " mister of 
 the reivls." novum ofHcium instltuit " a 
 volnptatibus." Suet. I'ib 42, eztr. 
 
 revelation' I. ^''« <'<^' "f ''«■ 
 
 vealing : 1. pat^factio : tA« r as it 
 were of hidden matters, p. quasi rerum 
 opertarum, Cic. Fin. 2, 2, 5 v. nis- 
 CLOSCRE, DiscovERV. 2. detectio : 
 
 Tert. 3. revelatio: Tert. ||. 'the 
 matter revealed : rfivelalio, Bxxl. : adj. 
 revelatorius, Tert. : the divine r.. * llbri 
 quos viri divinltus edocti scripserunt 
 (Kr.): r.s, niauifestata, Aug. Iioct. Chr. 
 4, 12, wlfin.: the Book of Revelation, 
 Apocalypsis, Vulg. 
 
 reveller : 1. comissaior : Cic. 
 Ciiel. 28, (>■). 2. expr. by a part.: 
 like r.s, conilssantlum modo, Liv. }, 29 : 
 V. foil. art. Phr.; the whole band of 
 
 4 : hts vht'le r. in mtoiey, iim\\\i pecuniae 
 r., Nep. All. 14, J ■ (o (iiaic upon the 
 proper r.s in advance by a heavy expen- 
 diture, gravitate sumptuum Just<js r. 
 anieire,Tac. A. 15, 18 v. income, klnt, 
 betubs. 3. fruclus, iis (fruit, pro- 
 ceeds . both Jin^ and pi.) ; the r of a 
 whole year, t. tolius aiini, Cic Slanll. 6, 
 15 . the r. fu/m the mines, f. metal- 
 lorum, Liv. 45, 40 ■ the tea was hit 
 grand source uf r., fuii ei magno fruc- 
 tui mare, id. J4, }6; to bring in a r., 
 f. lerre, Cic. Agr. 2, io, 8}. 4. 
 pgcunia (rtumey) : the r., p. vecti. 
 galis, Cic. Verr. i, 55, 89- ia.c.: the 
 
 Antony's r.s, lotus comissationis An- | public r. deriv^tl from Vie miner, p. 
 
 lonlanae chorus, Cic Phil. 5, 6, i;: in | j>ublica quae ex metallis redibat, Nt-p. 
 
 Sen. Kp. 122, 2, they are called "anti- I Tbem. 2, 2. 5. fisous (prop. Wk trea- 
 
 podes," because they turn night into 1 sury . later the imperial treasury : ». 
 
 ■ ' Diet. Ant.) Cic Q. Fr. ?, 4, 5 Tac : 
 
 the cotitroller of the r., advocatus fisci. 
 Sparu Uadr. 20, 6: adj. fiscal is: Sueu. 
 I'ig. 6. area (o c/ie«0 •■ Hermog. FMg. 
 50, 4, 1, 5 2 also more fully, area Ufci, 
 Lampr. Alex. Sev. 4?, 4. Phr. : he de- 
 rives a r. of 600,000 sesterces from hit 
 estates, capit ille ex suis prai'diis IX! 
 se.stertia, Cic Par. 6, }, ad init.. a 
 controller of the r., arcarius. Ijimpr 
 Alex. Sev 45. 4 a r.-officer, procurator, 
 Tac A. 12, 60 (1. e. one who cUlecli 
 ther.): V tax-gatherer. 
 
 reverberate; |. Trans. : L 
 
 rgperciitio, cussi, cnssum, } (used both 
 of reflecting light and returning Murui); 
 the cries, r.d by the broken line of On 
 mountains, voces repercussae montit 
 
 day. 
 
 revelling (part, and adj.): \. 
 comis.-jihuiiclus: Liv. 9, 17, ei(r. 2. 
 baccliabundus: CurU 9, 10, 27. 
 
 revelling (subs.) .- / v. rk\ el (suft«.), 
 revelry : 5 R'<jt (subs.). 
 
 revenge (subs): 1. uiiio; the 
 
 pUasure of r., voluptas uUionis, Quint. 
 
 ;, 15, 6: u presage of future r., prae- 
 
 sagiuin futurae nltionis, Tac. A. 15,74: 
 
 to dread her son's r., u. ex filio timere, 
 
 i<l. lb. 12,9- to scuyrifice tlie traitors to 
 
 their r., ultioni pcrfidos mactare, id. ib. 
 
 2,1}: to seek r., petere u., id. ib, j, 7 : 
 
 to burn for r., acriler ad (in) u. exar- 
 
 descere, id. ib. 12, j8; Flor. : to glut 
 
 one's )"., se ultione explere, Tac A. 4, 
 
 2; ; u. suam implere. Sen. Clem. I, 21, 
 
 2. 2. vindicta. totake r. for a littl'- \ anfractu, Tac A. 4, 51 : Liv. 21, }?: v 
 
 thing, parvae v. rei quaerere," Phaedr. 4, re-echo, reklect. 2. n-jecto, i 
 
 4, 10 • a r. that fxceeds the injury, v. I the mountains r the cries, monies re- 
 
 gravior quam Injuria, Juv. 16, 22: the ! Jeclant voces. Lucr. 2, J28. ||. 1 n- 
 
 divine anger proceeds slowly touatds trans.: r6s6no, I : v. RF.SOUNI). 
 
 its r., lento gradu ad v, siii diviiia pro 
 cedlt ira, VaL Max. 1,1, extr., i cuijln. : 
 V. VENGEANCE. 3. expr. by Cic. (who 
 does not use either of the preced.) by 
 
 reverberation: 1. rgjercussus, 
 
 us: that the voice may resound mart 
 formidably by the r., quo gravior vox 
 repercussu intumescat, Tac. Germ, j : 
 
 ira, which he defines to be "ulciscendi ' v. keklection. 2. rf pulsus, us (usu. 
 libido," Tusc 4, 19. 44: cf. subit ira in abl. sing.): the r. of the rocks, 
 ulcisci palriam. Virg. Aen. 2, 576: or by scopulorum r., I'oel. in Cic Oiv. 1,7,1}: 
 
 poena (punishvietit) : to take r. on any 
 one, poenas ab aliquo expetere, Cic. Pis. 
 7, 16; persequi. Id. Fam. i, 9, i; : so, he 
 took r. on himself for the crime, reprae- 
 sentavit in se poenam facinoris, Phaedr. 
 }, 10, }2. 4. vicis, /. (a gen. sing. : 
 
 no nom. sing, or gen. pi.: requital): , , . j ,•• 
 
 she, by herself, takes r. for many, mul- j form is poet. : hence in Hor. and V irg^ 
 tarum exigit una vices. Prop. 1, i}, 10: veneratus as a part. pass. : to regard 
 he took r. on himself for us, nostrani with religious awe) : to r. the gods, v. 
 V. ultus est ipse sese, Cic Fam. i, 9. 2. ; deos. Cic. N. D. }, 21, 5J : 'o r any one 
 to take (on) : 1 vindko, i as a god, r. allqueni tit deum. id. I use 
 
 Lucr. 3. res6nantia: Vitr. 5, }, $ 
 V. ECHO. Phr.: r.s, retlprocae voces, 
 Plin. 2, 44, 44 : the r. of the shouts along 
 the slopes of the mounta ins, clamor jugij 
 montium repercussiis. Curt. }, 10, 2. 
 revere : I 1. vgneror, or 
 
 reverence ("O- 5 vgngro, i (the later 
 
 for that thing, earn rem vehementer v., sped) : r. the gods thatjounded them, r. 
 Cic. Fl. 7, 28 : to take r. on any one. v, se , their ancient y'^'.-V^^^verere jx>ndiu.re8 
 
 ab aliquo. Sen. Ben. 6, ;, 4. 2. "Icis 
 cor, ultus, } : V, AVENGE, and preced. 
 art. 
 
 revenge (v) .- uiciscor^ ultus, j : 
 
 V. AVENGE. 
 
 revengeful: perh. * ulciscendi cn- 
 pidus; or expr. by the verb, also in 
 poet., iiltrix, icis (a fern. adj. with a n. 
 pi.) : Virg. : vindex is used a/ij In ap- 
 position with nouns by Ov. and C^itul. : 
 so too ultor may be employed: cf. Lat. 
 Gr. i 598. 
 
 revenger: uitor:Cic. • v. avengeb: 
 
 exactor ultionis, Sen. Ira }, J, }. 
 
 revenue: 1. vectigal (the gen. 
 term for (no«)Hel)othpH()?i<;andj»im/<): 
 the r. of a vhole year, totius annl v., 
 Cic. Manil. 6, 16: half the r.s of that 
 year, dimidium ex 'vecticalibus ejus 
 aiini, Liv. 44, 16: to embezzle thers, v. 
 siio quaestu pervertere, Cic. Verr. }, 5;, 
 128: of private r.s- how great a r. ts 
 frugality ! quam magnum v est par- 
 simonia! id. Parad. 6, }. ad init.: a 
 snuill r., teniie v., id. ib. : adj. vectigalis, 
 Cic 2. roiiitus, lis (returns: not in 
 Cic.) : to tn-ing in a moderate but fixed 
 r., r. sicut modicum iia statum prae- 
 stare, Plin. Kp. }, 19 : the deficiency of 
 the r. is supplied by economy, ciMod cessat 
 ex reditu frugalltate suppletur, id. ib. 2, 
 
 Deos, reverere gloriam veterem, PUn. 
 Ep. 8, 24: Cic 3. vgreor, iius, 2 (to 
 regard rex-erently : it denotes a feeling 
 which does not imply fear, but may 
 degenerate into it): ue r. you, and, if 
 you wish it, vx even fear you, but we r. 
 and fear the Gods mo>e, v.remur vos. el 
 si vultis etiam timemus, sed plus el ve- 
 remur et timemus deoi, Liv. 59, j-j.ad 
 fin. : they will not only respect and lotr, 
 'but they will also r. each other.non solum 
 ailent inter se verum etlam verebuntur, 
 Cic. Am. 21.82. 4. iolo,colul.cultum, 
 } (to honour, worship) : to r. any one as 
 a gmi, c. aliquem ui deum, Cic Rep. i, 
 12. Join: venerari et c id. N D. 2, 
 
 28, 71 : V. HONOUR. KKSrECT. 
 
 reverence (.'"'«■'>■• I. ff'ff'^ «»- 
 
 spect : 1. veiiSratio (Vie highest re- 
 sjtect: only' onoe in Cic). all Viat u 
 excellent rightly commands r., habet v. 
 justam quldquid excellit, Cic. N. I>. I, 
 17. 4? : '" escort with great r., mulla 
 cum venerailuiie pros<'qui. Tac. (J. 40. 
 Join; V. cultusque, Tac H. i. io(s.iid 
 of an enuvror). 2. rCviVenlla (once 
 only in Cic) . r. is paid to the grove, est 
 luco r., Tac G. }9 ; QuinU : as an Im- 
 perial title, Plin. Pan. 95. adfn. S, 
 vCrecundIa (a modest freling of respnd: 
 cL Cic Am. 22, 82) : v. BEi-rEi-r. 4, 
 685
 
 REVERED 
 
 REVILE 
 
 REVIVAL 
 
 reliffio (also relligio : a religisus r.) : 
 the temple nas alwat/s held in such r., 
 faaum lanta religione Sfinper fiiit, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 46, 10? ■ id. ib. $ 96. 5. 
 cuHus, us (worship) : r. for a Icing, c. 
 regis, Tac. A. 2, 58 : v. worship. 6. 
 hSnor (in a wide sense ■ hommr, respect) : 
 r.for antiquity, h. antlquitatis, Plin. Ep. 
 8, 24- 7. formido, Inis, X" ^- awe. 
 II. An act of bodily twmage : to do 
 r., *lnclinato corpore colere aliquem 
 (Kr.) : perh. also adorare : v. obeisanck : 
 for the Roman u.sage, cf. Plin. 23, 2, 
 { 2; ; " in adorando dextram ad osrnlum 
 referimus, totumqiie corpus circumagi- 
 mus." 
 
 revered: 1 l. vengrabilis (constr. 
 
 reverend : 5 *it'' ald.oUhe quality) : 
 a r. mat), v. vir, Liv. i, 7: v. venek- 
 ABLE. [N.B. — vgneratus Is also found, 
 V. revere; and in Insc. venerandus, 
 which Clc. unly uses as a gerundive.] 
 
 2. rgvgrendus- a hook ol r. anti- 
 quity, liber r. antlquitatis, Gell. 18, 5, 
 ad fin. : as a title of ecclesiastics : 
 Right R., reverendissitnus, 0)d. Tlieod. 
 I, 55, 8 : the Ki-v. A. B.. ., *vir r. A. B 
 
 3. vgreciindus (very rare): Amm. 
 14, 6, 6 (in connection with the preced.). 
 
 4. vgreiidus (airful) : r. majesty, 
 V. mi^iesias, Ov. M. 4, 540. 5. au- 
 gustus (prop, of that nhich has augurial 
 sanction) ■ a r. man, vir a., Liv. 8, 6, ad 
 med. Join: sail tus a.que, Cic. Tusc. 
 5, 12, j6: v. SACRED, it is also a stand- 
 ing title of emperors, etc.: Suet.: v. 
 MAJESTIC. 6. gravis (commanding 
 reverence on the ground of worth or 
 dignitti): a prudent and r. man, homo 
 piudens et g., Cic. de Or. i, 9, }8 . Join: 
 g. et sanctns, id. Rose. Com 2, 6. 
 
 reverent: 1. reverens, ntis (re- 
 spectful) : it seemed more devout and r., 
 sanctius ac reverentius visum, Tac. G. 
 J4 : v. RR.-PECTFUL. 2. religiosus (rel- 
 lig. : referencing the gods) : v devout, 
 
 RELIGTOC6. 3. piUS : V. PIOTJS. 
 
 reverential: 1. vgnerabundus : 
 Liv. 5, 41. 2. vengrabilis. r. to- 
 ivards the gods, v in deos, Val. Max. i, 
 1,15. 
 
 reverentially:) 1. revgrenter 
 
 reverently : S {respectftiUy) : to 
 regard foreign rites most r., peregrinas 
 caerimonias reverentissime colere. Sunt. 
 Aug. 9?- Plin. 2. vgnerabiliter : Val. 
 Max. 5, I, extr., 5 (the form veneranter 
 is found in I'ert. and verenter in Sedul.). 
 3. sancte : / r. pray thee, te s. 
 precor, Liv. 2, 10, ad fin. Join: s. 
 augusteque, Cic. N D. j, 21, 5J: v. de- 
 voutly, PIOUSLY. 
 
 reverie : perh. it may be expr. after 
 Quint. 6. 2, JO- "velut somnia quaedam 
 vlgilantis :" lost in a deep r., cogita- 
 bundus tanquam quodam secessu mentis 
 atque animi facti a corpore, Gell. 2, i. 
 
 reversal : expr. by resclssio : v. re- 
 scinding : or infirmatio ; v. annulling : 
 V. also foil. art. 
 
 reverse (subs.): |. a change to 
 the opposite : 1, vicis (no nom. sing, 
 or gen. pi. : change, vicissitude) • la- 
 menting the sa/i r. of fortune, gemens 
 tristem fortunae v., Phaedr. 5, i, 6: v. 
 CHANGE, VICISSITUDE. 2. conversio : 
 a r. of circumstances, c. rerum, Cic. Fl. 
 37, 94 : V. REVOLUTION. 3. expr. by 
 various words : a r. of fortune, com- 
 mutatio fortunae, Caes. B. G. 7, 6?; 
 poet, vertigo rerum, Lucan 8, 16 : also 
 simply casus v. misfortune : there 
 came suddenly a r. of fortune, conversa 
 subtto fortuna est, Nep. Att. 10, i : 
 to experience a r. of fortum, alteram 
 fortunam experirl, T>iv. 9, 17: to dread 
 a r. of fortune, fortunae rotam perti- 
 mescere, Cic. Pis. lo, 22. \\, A de- 
 feat (milit. t. t.) ; clades, is, /. ; v de- 
 feat. III. The back part : expr. by 
 aversus : the r. of the paper, a. charta, 
 Mart. 8, 62. i : the r. of a medal, *nu- 
 mismatis facies aversa: the r. of the 
 parchment, tergum, Juv. 1,6: v. back. 
 IV. Tlie contrary : expr. by con- 
 trarius (not to be used subst.) •■ v. con- 
 trary, OPPOSITE. 
 
 reverse (M- |. Lit: 1. in- 
 686 
 
 veno, ti, sum, } : a ploughshare r.d, 
 vomer inversus, Hor. Epod. 2, 6} : v. 
 INVERT. 2. retroago, egi, actum, j 
 (sometimes written as two words) : a 
 dactyl r.d is called an anapaest, dactylus 
 retroactus appellatur anapaestos. Quint. 
 9, 4, 81 : to r. tlie order, r. ordinem, id. 
 12, 2, 10. Phr : you may rather say 
 day and night than r. the order, diem 
 ac noctem dicas potius quam retrorsum, 
 id. 9, 4, 2?. II. Fig. r 1. infirmo, I 
 (annul, make void) : to r. everything that 
 had been donf, in the preceding year, 
 omnes res anni superioris i., Cic. Sest. 
 
 18. 40- V. INVALIDATE, UNDO. 2. 
 
 coiiveito, ti, sum, i : philtres cannot r. 
 right and vermig, venena fas nefasque 
 non valent c, Hor. Epod. 5, 88: v. 
 CHANGE, ALTER. Phr : to T. a judg- 
 ment, judicium restituere, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 26, 6j; supplantare, Ps. Quint. DecL 7 : 
 V. RESCIND, REPEAL- to r, the whole con- 
 duct of that man's praetorship, retexere 
 istius praeturam, Cic. Verr. 2, 26, 63 : 
 she grieves that the destiny is r.d, dolet 
 haec fila reneri, Ov. F, 6, 757. 
 reversely ■ versa vice, Ulp. Dig. 4J, 
 
 29, i : V. CONVERSELY'. 
 
 reversible : versilis • Servius ad 
 Virg. G. J. 24. 
 
 reversion: \, Act of reversing: 
 expr. by the verb, j|. Legal t. t. : 
 *spes succedendi, hereditatis cemendae 
 ( Kr.) : to be made reversionary legatee, 
 in spem secundam (hereditatis) assumi, 
 Tac. A, I, 8 : it may also be expr after 
 Cic. Top. 6, 29 (R and A.), " spes heredi- 
 tatis morte alicujus ad quempiam per- 
 venturae." 
 
 reversionary : v. preced. art. 
 
 revert: r^deo, li, itum, 4: on his 
 death the goods legally r.'d to me, ejus 
 morte ad me lege redierunt bona, Ter. 
 And. 4, ;, 4. 
 
 review (subs.) : rficognitio : a r. of 
 the knights, r. equitum. Suet. Claud. 16 
 (for which the 1. 1. was transvpctio, id. 
 Aug. }8) : the words rgcensio, Cic: 
 Suet. ; rgcensus, us, Suet. ; and recen- 
 sitio. Dig., denote a r. u-ith a view to 
 registration, enrolment, etc. : lustratio 
 denotes the religious rites accompanying 
 a r., v Liv. 40, 6 : hence a military r. 
 is better expr. by a verb : v. foil. art. ■ 
 in fig. sense, perc*-nsio. Front. : v. sur- 
 vey : a r (of a book, etc.), *censura 
 (Kr.) : V foil. art. 
 
 review ("•) ■■ 1. rgcenseo, Bui, sum 
 and situm, 2 (to examine closely) : to r. 
 the legions, r. legiones, Liv. 2, 39: to r. 
 and count the number, r. numerumque 
 inire, Caes. B. G. 7, 76 (the numbering 
 being usually one object of a review). 
 Fig. : to r. one's brave deeds, fortia 
 gesta r., Ov. H. 9, 105 : Plin. : to r. a 
 book, "libri alicujus argumentum r. et 
 judicium de eo ferre (Kr.) : v. criticize. 
 2, percenseo, ui, 2 (to enumerate, 
 reckon up). Fig., to r, the speeches of 
 the ambassadors, p. orationes legatorum, 
 Liv. J2, 21, ad init. 3. lustro, i (to 
 purify : purificatory rites attended r.s) : 
 to r. the army at Iconium, 1. exercitum 
 apud Iconium, Cic. Att. 5, 20, ad init. 
 Fig.: to r. everything mentally, I omnia 
 ratione animoque, id. Off. i, 17, 57: so 
 the comp. perlustro, i : id. Part. Or. 11, 
 !8. 4. rgcognosco, gnovi, gnltum, } : 
 to r. the sailors, socios na%'ales r , Liv. 
 42, ?i- so cognosco, gnovi, gnitum, j, 
 in Cic. Pis. J7, 91 (elsewhere rare). 5. 
 inspicio. spexi, spectum, } ■ v. nJSPECT. 
 Phr.: (i.) to r. an artny, convertere 
 exercitum, GeU. 5, 5 : /i« r.d his whole 
 forces and numbered his troops, uni- 
 versas vires in conspectum dedit et nu- 
 merum copiarum iniit. Curt, j, 2, 2. 
 (ii.) / r, my words and deeds, facta mea 
 ac dicta reinetior. Sen. Ira ;, j6, j : to r. 
 a book, *libri censuram scribere (Wyt- 
 tenb. in Kr.): to r. a man's writings, 
 de omni ejus scripto judicium censuram- 
 que facere, Gell. 12, 2. 
 
 reviewer : perh. censor : of. Hor. 
 Ep. 2, 2, no; or e.xpr. by a phr. 
 
 revile : 1. maledico (or malg 
 dico), xi, ctum, j (to speak evil of: con- 
 str. with dat., absol., or impers. pass.: 
 
 very rarely with ace.) : he r.d hijn most 
 foully, ei turpissime maledixit, Cic. N. D. 
 
 1. }}, 9? : it those who do no' deserve it 
 are r.d, that I call r.ing, indignis si male- 
 dicitur maledictum id esse dico. PI. Cure. 
 4, 2, 27 : freq. maledictito, PI. Trin. i, 
 
 2, 62 : to r. in return, remaledicere, 
 Vesp. in Suet. Vesp. 9, extr. 2. con- 
 vicior, I (rare : to taunt) : to accuse 
 rathe)- than r., accusare potius quam c, 
 Liv. 42, 41, ad init. 3. lacero. i: v. 
 ABUSE, INSULT. Phr. to r., male- 
 dicta in aliquem dicere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, j, 
 2; conjicere, id. Plane. 12, Ji; conferre, 
 id. Att. II, 8 ; maledictis aliquem figere, 
 id. N. D. I, J4, 9J ; insectari, id. Fin. 2, 
 25, 80 ; vexare, id. Fl. 20, 48 ; increpare. 
 Sail. C. 21 ■ convicils consectari, id. Att 
 2,18: tor. any one openly in the foulest 
 way, foedissime convicio aliquem coram 
 proscindere. Suet. Aug. ij : tor. bitterly, 
 ferventissime concerpere, Coel. in Cic. 
 Fam. 8, 6, 5. 
 
 reviler : 1. conviciator : a foul- 
 mouthed r, maledicus c, Cic. Mur 6, u. 
 2, maledicax, acis ; PI. Cure. 4, 2, 
 
 26 : V. .SLANDERER. 
 
 reviling (subs.) .• l. maledictio 
 (rare) ; Cic. Ojel. j, 6 (q. v.). [N.B.— 
 The form maledicentia occurs in Gell. 
 i, J, ad fin.] 2. m&ledictum : /70m 
 enmities spring quarrels, r.s, insults, ex 
 inimicitils jurgla, m., contumeliae gig- 
 nuntur, Cic. Am. 21, 78 : to utter low 
 r.s, m. ex trivio arrlpere, id. Mur. 6, ij 
 ("to talk Billingsgate"). 3. convi- 
 cium (taunt, reproach) : daily r., c. 
 quotidianum,Cic. Quint. 19, 62. Join : 
 c. et maledieta, id. Q. Fr. 2, j, 2. 4. 
 probrum : v. insult. 5. insectatio 
 (a railing at) ■ a r. of the chief men, i. 
 principum, Liv. 22, 34. P h r : to de- 
 sceml to r.s. ad contumelias verborum 
 descendere, Caes. B. C. j, 8j. 
 
 reviling (part, and adj.) -• malg- 
 dicus (with comp, and superl. as from 
 maledicens), Cic. Fl. j, 7 . v. abusive, 
 
 FOUL-MOUTHED, SCURRILOUS. 
 
 revisal : v- revision. 
 
 revise : 1. retracto. It ter. laws, 
 leges r.. .Suet. Aug. J4, init. : to r. what 
 you hare said, to retain much, to omit 
 more, to insert some things, to reivrite 
 otliers, quae dixeris r., multa retinere, 
 plura transire, alia interscribere, alia 
 rescribere, Plin. Ep. 7, 9 : Cic. v. re- 
 touch. 2. rgcognosco, gnovi, gnitum, 
 i (rare) : to r. and correct small books, 
 libellos r. et emendare, Plin. Ep. 4, 26. 
 3. corrigo, rexi, rectum, } : r, this and 
 that, corrige hoc et hoc, Hor. A. P. 4J8 : 
 also emendo, i : Cic. : Quint. ^ v. correct, 
 AMEND. 4, limo. I : V. POLISH. Phr.: 
 to r. a poem, castigare carmen, Hor. 
 A. P 294 : r.ing every writing, scrip- 
 torum quaeque retexens, id. S. 2, i,2: 
 to r. verses, Ineudi reddere versus, id. 
 ib. 441 : to r. proof-sheets, *specimina 
 tyjwgraphica relegere (Kr.). 
 
 revision : 1. emendatio (the best 
 word, although rare) : after a r. it will 
 be open to us to publish or suppress it, 
 erit post e. nobis Uberum vel publieare, 
 vel continere, Plin. Ep. i, 8. 2. r6- 
 tractatio (only as the title of a work by 
 Aug.). 3. lim* (prop, a file ; hence 
 the polishing of a literary work) : the 
 labour ofr., limae labor, Hor A. P. 291. 
 4. diseussio (a r of the public ac- 
 counts) : Cod. Just 10, JO, I. 5 re- 
 pastinatio. Tert. 6. *rgcensio, rg- 
 cognitio, are much used in M. L. for the 
 revision of a literary work: there does 
 not, however, appear to be any good 
 authority for them, still less Is there for 
 revisio : it is better to use a verb. 
 
 revisit : 1. fgviso, ? : / wish you 
 would r us, velim nos revisas, Cic. Fam. 
 1, 10. 2, rgvlsito, I . (/req. of preced.), 
 to r. the city often on market days, 
 r. urbem nundlnls, Plin. 18, j, }, ad fin. 
 3. rgpgto, ivi or ii, Itum, } v. re- 
 turn. 4. rgc51o, cfilui, cultum, } : to 
 r. a ^ot, r. locum, Phaedr. i, 18, i. 
 
 revival; I. Lit., rgdanlmatio: 
 Tert. : usu. expr. by a verb. ||. F t g. : 
 rgnOvatio : a r. of learning, r. doctrinal 
 
 Cic. Brut 71, 250: V. RENEWAL.
 
 REVIVE 
 
 REVOLUTIONIST 
 
 REWARD 
 
 revive: |. Trans. : 1. rfidin- 
 tegro, I : thedoveg are r.d in the open 
 air, columbae liberoaere redint«grantur, 
 Varr. R. R. j, -j, 6. Kig.: to r. the 
 hopes of victory, r. spem victoriae, Caes. 
 B. G. •;, ji. 2. recreo, i to r. any 
 one in a gwnon, defectiunem allciyus r., 
 Tac. A. 6, 50. Join: erigere atque r., 
 Cic. Verr. }, 91, 212: v. rkfbksh, rk- 
 OTORE. 3. rgfQveo, fovi. fotum, 2 (to 
 warm again) : to r. his stimgth by the 
 mildnets of the climate, r. vires niol- 
 litia C(K;li, Tac. A. >2. 66. Fig.: tor. 
 the remnants of faclinn. reliqnias par- 
 tium r., Suet. Caes. 55. ad fin. 4. refo- 
 dllo, I (syn. of preced.) : being with diffi- 
 culty r.d, aegre refucillatus. Pliii. Kp. ?, 
 14 : ."^en. 5- exclto, i (to arouse) : to r. 
 his dear memory, e. illius cairam niemo- 
 riam, Cic. Or. 10, {5 : to r. the drooping 
 spirit, e. jacf ntem animum, id. Am. 16, 
 59 : V. AWAKEN. 6. rManimo, i : 
 Ten. Phr. : to r. aflouer, anlmare 
 florem, Plin. 11, 2{, 27 tor. tlie spec- 
 tacles of antiquity, spectacula e.\ anti- 
 quitate repetere, Suet. Claud. 21, ail init. : 
 being somewhat r.d at the first sight of 
 him. subrefectus primo conspectu. Veil. 
 2,i2j,i. 11. Intrans.: 1. r6vivisco, 
 vixi, i {to live again -. mostly flg.) the 
 republic r.s, res puhlica revivlscit, Cic. 
 Fam. 4, 4, J. J o 1 II : r. et recreari, id. 
 ib. 6, 10, 5. (N.B. — In the lit sense it 
 usu. denotes to " live again ;" e. g., Cic. 
 Mil. 29, 19: the form re%ivo, no perf., 
 victum, i, occurs in Sen. Med. 476.) 
 2. resipisco, ivi or ii, j (to recover 
 one's senses) : bring water whilst she r.s, 
 afferte aquam dum resipiscit, PI. Mil. 4, 
 8, 24. 3. rgviresco, rui, j : the empire 
 not only r.s, but even Jiourislies, non 
 solum revirescit sed etiam floret ini- 
 perium. Curt. 10, 10, 5 : Tac. ; v. re- 
 FLOi'RisH. 4. rgnascor, natus, j (to 
 spring up again) : the war r.s, beltum 
 renasritur, Cic. Fam. 11, 14, j : Liv. 6, i. 
 5. respiro, i : v. breathe AGArx. 
 Phr.: to r., erigere se, Cic. Deiut. 14, j8 : 
 the tree r.s with the breeze, arlxjr re- 
 creatur aura, Hor. Od. i, 22, 18. (N.B. — 
 Redire ad se = to re/Mver one's senses.) 
 
 revivified : rgvlvlf icatus : Tert. 
 
 revocable: rgvScabilis (poet.): Ov. 
 M. 6, 264. 
 
 revocation : 1. revdcatio : the V. 
 of a word, r. verbi, Cic. de Or. i, 54, 206. 
 
 2. rescissio : v. BESCiNDrNG, repeal, 
 
 ABROGATION. 
 
 revoke : 1. revSco, i : tor. one's 
 promise, r. promissum suum, Sen. Ben. 
 4, J9, 2 : Tac. : v. recall. 2. re- 
 nnntio, i : tor. a decision, r. decisionem, 
 Cic. Verr. Act. 2, i, 54, 141 : v. retract. 
 
 3. rescindo, scldi, scissum, j : v. re- 
 scind. 4. abrogo, l : v. repeal. 5. 
 toUo, sustali, sublatum, j: v. aboush. 
 
 revolt (i') ■■ I. Intrans. : 1. 
 deficio, feci, feclum, j (to stand aloof 
 from) : the states which had r.'d, civi- 
 tales quae defecerant, Caes. B. G. j, 17 ; 
 those who r.'d from the republic, ii qui 
 a republica defecerunt, Cic. Cat. i, 1 1, 28. 
 2. descisco, ivi or ii, Itum, j (mostly 
 coDstr. with ab) : to r.from one's native 
 land, a patria d., Liv. 28. 27, ad init. ; 
 Cic. PhiL It, 9, 21. 3. rfibello, i (to 
 make icar again : said of a conquered 
 people) : V. REBEL. 4. se<edo, ces-sl, 
 c<-«sum, I (to witluiraw from the state : 
 t.<p.of the revolts of the plebs) : Sail. Cat. 
 JJ • Liv.: V. SECEDE. Phr.: lest the 
 common people should r., ne plebs laber- 
 etur, CUes. B. G. y, j • to r.. in tide mm 
 manere, Liv. 28, 24 ; imperium au^pi- 
 ciumque abnuere, id. 28, 27, ad init. 
 (said of soldiers). Fig.: our very na- 
 ture r.s at such suspicioris, istiusmodi 
 suspicionibus reclamitat natura ipsa, 
 Cic. Rose. Am. 22, 6t. ||. Trans, 
 offendo. di, sum, j : v. shock, disgcst. 
 
 revolt (subs.) : 1. defectio the 
 
 sudden r. of I'ompey, subita d. Pompeii, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. 1 , 4, 4 : Caes. : l.,i v. : (the form 
 defectus, us. Is late Latin). 2. rgbellio 
 (less freq. rebellatio and rebelliura a 
 reneival of war by a covijue^ed people) : 
 T. REBELLION. 3. sgdltio {civU diS' 
 cmrd\ : the r. spread among the legions, 
 
 8. legiones incessit, Tac. A. i, 16: Cic. 
 Join; defectio g.qoe, Liv. 28, 24 : v. 
 tumult, .'^KDmoN. Phr.: to rise in r. 
 against any one, cooriri in aliquem, 
 Liv. -, }, rztr.: exaurgerp contra all- 
 qui-ni, Tac. H. 2. 76 . lUirricum was in 
 a slate of r., turbatum Illyrlcum, id. ib, 
 I, 2 to 6« paiticipators in their r., 
 furorls eorum socios esse, Liv. 28, 24, 
 ad fin. 
 
 revolted : rS'ieiUs : v. rebellious, 
 
 INSUKGENT : o r. province, rebellatrix 
 provlncia, Liv. 40, {?, ad fin. 
 revolter : defector ; Tac. A. I, 48 : 
 
 V. REBEL. 
 
 revolting {adj) -. expr. by ngfandus : 
 V. SHOCKING, DISGUSTING : foedus : V. 
 ix)aths<)Me: also, in poet., ubscenus : 
 
 V. OBSCENE. 
 
 revolution: \. a turning or going 
 round : 1. conversio (a turning 
 
 round) : the r. of a sphere, c. sphaerae, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, J5, 88 a nuire rapid r., 
 c. concltatior, id. Rep. 6, 18: toperform, 
 a r., c habere, id. Tim. 9, ad init. 2. 
 circumactus, is : the r. of wheels, c 
 rotanim, Plln. 28, 9, 17, $ 141 : Sen. 
 (The form circumactio occurs in Vitr.) 
 
 3. circumvectio (very rare) : the r. 
 of the sun, soils c, Cic. Tim. 9, a/i mit. 
 4. ambitus, us (o going round) : the 
 r of the heavenly tidies, a. siderum, 
 Cic. Tim. 9 : the r. of ages, a. seculorum, 
 Tac. A. 6, 28. 5. orbis, is, to. (prop. 
 a circle) : a solar r., o. solstitialis, Liv. 
 I, 19: to complete a fuU r., totum con- 
 Bcere et peragrare o., Cic. Tim. 9 (q. v.) ; 
 a rapid r., rapidus o., Ov. M. 2, 75 : v. 
 CIRCUIT. 6. anfractus, us: the r. of 
 the sun, a. solis, Cic. Rep. 6, 12. 7. 
 Vitr. uses the foil, words to denote the 
 motion of the heavenly bodies : versatio, 
 9,1,4; circulatio, 9, i, 8; circinatio, 9, 
 1, 11; redundatio, 9. i, 15. 8. turbo, 
 Inis,/. (violent circular motion : mostly 
 poet.) : the r. of the heavens, coeli t., 
 Lucr. 5, 622. 9. vertigo, inis,/. (syn. 
 ofpreced.): Ov.M.2,70. 10. vSlumen, 
 inis, n. (prop, a roll : very rare) : Ov. M. 
 2,71: V. rotation. 11, circumductus, 
 US: Macr. 12. circumversio : Amm. 
 
 13. rgvolutio: Aug. Phr. : to com- 
 pete a r., cursum lustrare, Cic. Tim. 9. 
 
 II. A change: commutatio, mutatio : 
 v. CHANGE. Ill, Ksp. as a polit. t. t. : 
 
 1. expr. by novae res : to be eager for 
 a r., novis rebus studere, Cic. Cat. 1,1,;: 
 vast materials for a r., ingens novis 
 rebus materia, Tac. H. i, 6: to break out 
 in open r., ad novas res consurgere. 
 Suet. Caes. 9: Liv. 2. commiitatio 
 (a change) : a r, in the republic, c. rei- 
 publlcae, Cic. Rep. 1, 42; c. civilis, id. 
 Fam. 5, 12, 4. Join: perturhatio et c, 
 id. Rep. 2, J7. 3. motus, lis (commo- 
 tion): a r. is at liand, m. in republica 
 impendit, Cic. Att. j, 8, ad med. : joined 
 with conversio rerum et perturbatio, id. 
 Flac. J7, 94 : V. RISING. 4. expr. by 
 various phr. : how a r. might be brought 
 about in Greece, quonam modo res in 
 Graecia novaretur, Liv, 55, 54: to bring 
 about a r., res novare, id. i, 52 ; uova 
 nioliri. Veil. 2, 129, 2 : dissensions which 
 lend to produce a r., di.<sensiones quae 
 ad commutandam rempublicum perti- 
 nent, Cic. Ot. J, n, 2;: after a r had 
 taken place in the state, statu civitatis 
 verso, commutato, Tac. A. i, 4; Auct 
 Har. Resp. 27, 60: they slew him whilst 
 stirring up a r. in Africa, in Africa 
 turbantom interfecerunt, Tac H. 1.7: 
 amazed at the r. in the state, vertlgine 
 rerum attonitus, Lucan 8, 16: v. also 
 foil. art. 
 revolutionary : 1. exp''- by phr. 
 
 with nOvus or iiovure : to be of a r. du^- 
 ptsition, novis plerumque rebus studere, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 5 ; pronum ad novas r.s 
 esse, Tac. H. i. 5 to excite a r. spirit 
 among the people, populum ad ciipi- 
 dinem novae fortunae erigere, Liv. 21, 
 19 r. schemes, novandarum rerum roii- 
 silia, id. 6. 18 : v. foil. art. 2. sedi- 
 tlSsus : v. sKDiTiors. 
 
 revolutionist: expr. by homo remm 
 commutandaruni cupidus, Cic. Off 2, I, 
 i ; rerum mutalionis (or simply muta- 
 
 tionis) cupidus, id. AtL 8, {,4; Tac A. 
 {, 44 ; rerum novarum molitor, Soet. 
 Dom. 10. 
 revolutionize : nCvo, i - to teith to 
 
 r. everything, oiiiuia 11. velle, Liv. J5, J4: 
 in a bad sen..* : to r. the state utterUf, 
 evertere civliatem funditiis, (^c. Dom. 
 
 revolve: \. To move round : L 
 volvo. vi, vOlOtum. ? (to tarn : as a dep. 
 or with pron. relict.: to r.) : the uni- 
 verse rj round the earth, niundii? vol- 
 vitur circum ttrram, Vitr. 9. 1, 2 the 
 courses of tin stars r., cursus stt-llarum 
 volvuiitur,Cic. R*-p. 6, 17 : as ihe years r.. 
 volventibus annts, Vlrg A>-n. 1, 214. 
 (N.B. — K6volvo Is UBU. t" return : but it 
 is sometimes u.sed i.y the poets: e. g. 
 id. Aeii. 10, 256 ; Ov. : as is circtun- 
 volvo. Virg. Aen. I, 284 [q. v ].) 2. 
 circumigo, egi. actum, i (oiiitir. like 
 preced.) : the year r d, circuinegit se 
 annus, Liv, 9, 18, ad fm. : a dining-room 
 which used to r. like the world, cuenatio 
 quae vice mundi circumagebatur, .Suet. 
 Ner. }l. 3. converto, ti, sum, ) (c^n«tf- 
 like preced.) : to r., c. se, Cic. lim. 9, 
 ad fin.: the moon r.s in the lonest orbit, 
 in in&mo orbe luna convertitur, id. Rep. 
 6, 17. 4. circumvert<j, tl, siiin. j 
 
 (consfr. as a dep.) : the wheel rs ruttmi 
 </ieaa;!«,clrcumvertitur rolaaxem.Ov. M. 
 I>, 522 : PI. 5. versor, 1 (to be turned 
 round) : they r. in the opposite direction 
 to the heavens, versantur retro contrario 
 motu atque coelum, Cic. Kep. 6, 17 ; 
 N'. D. I, 20, 52. 6. '"<5ti', I (to turn 
 like a tcheel) : a r.ing tddy, rotans turbo, 
 Lucr. I, 294 : v. rotate. 7. verU- 
 gino, I : TerL Phr.: the sun rj, sol 
 tircumfertnr, Cic. de Or. 5,45, 178 tor. 
 in a larger circle, majorem lustrare 
 orbem, id. Tim. 9 ; m^orem circina- 
 tionem rotae percurrere, Vitr. 9, i, 10: 
 as the wheel rs, currente rota, Hor. A. P. 
 22 : to cause machines to r., circum- 
 rotare machinas, App. M. 9, p. 222. ||. 
 To ponder : \. voluto, i . (freq. of foil. : 
 to turn over again and again): to r. 
 anything in the mind, v. aliquld animo, 
 Cic. Rep. 1,17 (or in animo, Liv.) : / r. 
 it silently in my breast, id lacitus me- 
 cum ipse voluto, Virg. K. 9. 57 ; Aen. 6, 
 185. 2. volvo, vi, vOIOitum, ; : he irat 
 r.ing many things in his mind, multa 
 cum animo suo volvebat. Sail. J. 6: 
 Virg.- Liv.: Tac: v. meditate, con- 
 sider. 3. rgvolvo, vi, vClutum, t i 
 to r. his xvords and deeds, dicta ejua 
 factaque r., Tac. Agr. 46. 4. verso, i 
 (to turn over): to r. every point in their 
 minds, v. in animis uii.imquamqiie rem, 
 Liv. }, J4. 5. reputo, i : v eeflkct, 
 ponder. 
 
 revolver : perh. " sclopetns minor 
 tubis versatllibus instrucius(?j: but see 
 
 PISTOL. 
 
 revolving (part, and adj): 1, 
 ver.-atilis : the r. universe, v mundus, 
 Lucr. ;, 1454 : r. compirtments, v. ta- 
 bulae. Suet. Ner. ji. 2. ver^almndus: 
 o r. whirlwind, v. turbo, l.ucr 6, 418. 
 3. versllis ■ v. EKVER-iiBLE. 4. rj- 
 tatllis : Sid. 5. expr. by a paru : v. 
 REVOLVE- time as it r.s, vulvenda dies, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 7 : the r. jioUs, roiati poli, 
 Ov. M. 2, 75 : Oie r. year, gloinerans 
 annus, Quinu Cic. poetl in Cic Div. 1, 
 12, 19 
 
 revulsion : revuUio : Plin. 
 
 reward (subs.) • 1. pr.iemium (o 
 r.as a mark of hnumr) : rjaie veered 
 to virtues, punishments to V'Ces, p. pro- 
 posliasunt virtuiibus, et siipplcla vitjls, 
 Cic de Or, i, 58. 24-; <« -rrv sjfJendid r., 
 anipUssimum p., id. Mil. tl, 97 to be 
 entitled to a r., p. mereri, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 54: tooiricA n-ith rj, pni> miis augere, 
 Tac. A. I, 42 : to gel a r., p. consMjui, 
 Caes. B. G. 1,4?. Uie fruits of our t"iU, 
 the rs of our Javgrn. (Vuctus laburum. 
 p. periculonim, Cic 11^. 26, 61. 2. 
 nierces, edis,/. (pr. .p. >■ ages) t- bargain 
 firr a large r., m-ipia niercede pacisci. 
 Liv. 2;. ?i: Hor.. glory, the r. of est- 
 ploits. gloria, m. rerum gestaniui, Cic. Off. 
 1,19,65. Oimin.: mercMula tempted 
 bu a trifling r., mercedula adducius id. 
 681
 
 REWARD 
 
 RHYTHM 
 
 RICH 
 
 leOr. I, 45, 198. 3. pretium (a price 
 paid : hence o r. due) : the r. ufthe con- 
 test, p. cert;uninis, Ov. H. 16, 261 : to 
 carry off a r., p. ferre, Juv. ij, 10;: i 
 Join: p. atque merces, Cic. Verr. 5, 20, j 
 50. 4. honor or honos: to offer two j 
 r£, proponere h. geminum, Virg. Acii. 5, 1 
 36s : (a physician's fee, Oic. Fam. 16, 
 9. !)• 5. indicium (a r. for informa- 
 tion given) : Cic. Rose. Am 57, 107. 
 6. commodum (linages for public 
 termce) : v. wagks. 7. meriium (very 
 rare):_App M 8, p. 214. (.\.B.— Re- 
 mungratio is the act of repaying, giving 
 ar.; ct. Cic. In v. i, 22, 66.) Pbr. : to 
 stipulate for a r., praemiari, Suet. Tit. "j : 
 a r. of grain (in early times), adorea, 
 Plin. 18, 3, }, ad fill. 
 
 reward (I'O •• 1. expr. usu. by a 
 phr. with praemium : to r. any one, 
 praemio afflcere aliquem, Cic. Balb. 9, 2J ; 
 donare, id. Rose. Am. 37, 108; decorare, 
 id. de Or. 1,4?, 194 : if the r. is promised 
 or customary, p. persolvere alicui, id. 
 Gael. 29, 68 : deferre, id. Fl. i, i ; reddere, 
 Phaedr. j, Kpil., i : if he were r.d, si sibi 
 p. foret, Liv. 24, 45, ad init. 2. rS- 
 mungror, i : to r. any one handsomely, 
 r. aliquem magno praemio, Caes. B. U. 
 I, 44, ad fin. : to r. any one for his 
 deserts, r. meritum (aliciijus), Liv. 2, 
 12 : / must consider how I can r. you, 
 Considerandum est quonam te remunerer 
 genere, Cie. Fam. i, 9, j. Phr.: to 
 r. virtue, virtutem honorare, Liv. 2, u : 
 to r. his deserts, pro meritis graiiam 
 referre, Nep. Them. 8, 7. 3. corn- 
 pen so, I ; our toils are r.'d urith glory, 
 labores nostri gloria compensati sunt, 
 Cic. de Or. j, 4, 14 : v. recompense. 
 
 rewarder : 1. remunei ator : Tert. 
 2, praemiitrix,/. : Amm., but usu. 
 ■<!xpr. by a verb. 
 
 rewrite : rescrllxi, psi, ptum, J : to 
 insert some things, to r. others, alia inter- 
 scribere, alia r., Plin. Ep. 5, 9 : Suet. 
 
 reynard : vuipes, is,/. ; v. fox. 
 
 rhapsodical : no exact equiv. : V. 
 
 BOMBASTIC, l-LIGHTr: ar.W7iter,SCT\ptOT 
 
 delirus, Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 126: a r. style is 
 described by Quint, ii, 10, 7;,a3vitiosum 
 et corruptum dicendi genus, quod ver- 
 borum licentia exult at, .. ., inanibus 
 locis bacchatur, .... specie libertatis 
 insanit. 
 
 rhapsodist: to be expr. by Greek 
 rhap-^odiis (pai/zuSo^), or after Quint. 12, 
 }, I, is qiiipoetarum seripta pronuntial: 
 Homerista, Petr. 59, }, is a slave who 
 recites Homer. 
 
 rhapsody : I. ^ book of the Iliad ; 
 rh^sodia, Nep. Dion 6, j. ||. A flighty, 
 unconimcted discourse : no exact equiv. : 
 perh. expressed by flumen inaniimi ver- 
 borum, Cic. N. D. 2, i, i (cf. Quint. 10, 
 7, 2J) : to mistake r.sfor sublime flights, 
 praecipitia pro sublimibus hat)ere, Quint. 
 12, 10, 7J. 
 
 Rhenish : Rhenanus, Sid. ; Rheniger 
 (ace. to Schneidewin). Mart. 9, J5, 4. 
 
 rhetoric : 1. rhet6riea, ae, /. 
 
 (rhetOrice, es, Quint.) : philosophical, 
 not forensic r., r. philosophorum non 
 forensis, Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 17. 2. rbe- 
 t5rica,orum, 71.pl. (Wie stratagems of r.) ; 
 your r. is well knomi to me, r. vestra 
 mitu nota sunt, Cic. Fat. 2, 4. 3. expr. 
 by various plir. : rheiorum praecepta, 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, }, 9 : dicendi praecepta. id. 
 Div. 2, I, 4 : V. oBATORV : orandi scien- 
 tia, ars. Quint, i, 10, 2 ; i, prooem. } 4 : 
 bene dicendi scientia, id. 2, 14, 5 ; he 
 remarks (2, 14, I : q. v.), " rhetoricen in 
 Latinum t^all^ferentes turn 'oratorlam' 
 turn 'oratricem ' nonilnaverunt." Phr.: 
 teachers of r., rlietorid di)Ctores, Cic. de 
 Or. 1, 19. 86: v. rhktoricias : to cotii- 
 pose a treatise on r., artem rhetoricam 
 seribere, id. Fin. 4, j, 7 : a treatise 
 on r., rhetoricus liber, id. de Or. 2, j, 
 10 : or abs., rlietoricus. Quint, j, 5, 14 : 
 a schxxi of r., rhetorica umbra, Juv. 7, 
 
 I7J- 
 
 rhetorical : 1. rhetGrlcus : r. exer- 
 cises, r. exercitationes, Cic. N. D. 2, 67, 
 iftS : o r. syllogism, r. syllogismus, 
 Quint. 9, 4, 57. 2. oriitorius; )•. m-na- 
 menls, o. ornamenta diceiuli, Cic. BruL 
 688 
 
 75, 261: V. ORATORICAL. PhT.: natural 
 not r. brilliancy, naturalis non fucatus 
 nitor, id. Brut. 9, ;6. (N.B. — R. display 
 or effect may be expr. by ornatus, orna- 
 menta, id. Or. J9 [q. v.].) 
 
 rhetorically : rhetOrice, Cic Fin. 2, 
 6, 17 ; also more rhetorico, id. de Or. i, 
 
 29, IJJ; V. ORATORICALLY 
 
 rhetorician : 1. rhetor, oris, m. : 
 Cic. de Or. i, 18, 84. 2. rhetoriscus 
 (diniin.: a paltry r.) : Gell. 17, 20. 
 3. expr. by rhetoricae disciplinae 
 doctor, Gell. 1 j, 21 ; rhetoricus doctor, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 19, 86. 
 
 rheum: I. a flow of watery hu- 
 mour: 1, destillatio (a running at 
 the nose, etc.) : Cels. 4, 4. 2. fluxio : 
 ace. to Plin. 22, 18, 21, the equiv. of the 
 Greek rhi-umatismus. 3. epiphora 
 
 (,em.<t>opa. : a complaint of cattle) : Col. 
 6, 17, 8. 4. rheuma, atis, n. (peu;u.a : 
 the gen. rheuraae occurs in Jsid. Orig. 4, 
 9): Hier. Ep. 122, l. 5. gravedo, 
 Inis, /. : V. CATARRH. 6. lippitado, 
 inis, /. : Cic. : v. blearedne.ss. ||, 
 The moisture discharged •• humor, oris, 
 TO. : Cels. 4, 4, ad init. ; Ov. : Cic. 
 
 rheumatic : perh. * dolore artuum 
 cruciatus : v. foil. art. 
 
 rheumatism : no precise equiv. : 
 expr. by dolor artnum, Cic. Brut. 60, 
 217 : so, »■. in the shoulders would be 
 humerorum dolores : as t. t., * rheu- 
 matismus. 
 
 rheumy; 1. *rheumaticus, Plin. 
 29, ad fin. 2. lippus: v. bi.rar-eif.d: 
 Trans f: a r. (i. e. overripe) Jig, 
 1. flcus, Mart. 7, 20, 12. 
 
 rhinoceros : rhinocSros, otis, m. : 
 Plin. 8, 20, 29 ; applied to a vessel made 
 of r. horn, .Juv. 7, ijo: adj. .- rhino- 
 ceroticuB, Sid. 
 
 rhomboid: rhomboides, is, /. (rom- 
 hoides) : Ps. B^ieth. Geom. p. J76 (ed. 
 Friedleln) : expr. by simile scutulae, 
 Censoiin. Fragm. 7. 
 
 rhombus : 1. rhombus, i, (rom- 
 bos) : Ps. Boeth. Geom. ib. 2. sciitula 
 (defined in Censorin. Fragm. 7, s., id est 
 rhombos). Tac. Agr. so: Vitr. 
 
 rhubarb : radix Pontica, Cels. 5, 2}, 
 J : rlia (so named from the river), Amm. 
 22, 8, 28 : rheu barbanim, Isid. Orig. 
 17, 9: perh. also rhecoma (rhacoma), 
 Plin. 27, 12, 105: •rheum rhapontieum 
 (Linn.). 
 
 rhyme {subs.) : no exact equiv., as 
 r. was unknown to the Romans : the 
 nearest word is perh. hOmoeoteleuton, i, 
 n. (ofi.oioTe'AeuToi', having the same end- 
 ing), which occurs in Mart. Cap. 5, 174. 
 and as a Gk. word in Quint. 9, j, 78 : 
 *extremorum verlwrum sonitus similis 
 (Kr.): the r. of a verse, *exitus versus 
 ejusdem soni (Kr.) ; r.s, perh. clausulae 
 versuum inter se consonantes, after 
 Quint. 9, J, 45 (R. and A.) : a masculine 
 r., * versus cujus ultimae syllabae cum 
 accentu similiter cadunt (Kr.). In a 
 looser sense, versus, us : v. ver.sk. 
 Phr.: ice have not been created without 
 r. or reason, non temere nee fortuito 
 creati sumuB, Cic. Tusc. i, 49, 118 : to 
 tag r.s, perh. vereum concludere, Ilor. S. 
 I, 4, 40; claudere, Pers. i, 9?. 
 
 rhyme i^.) -. \. To accord in 
 
 sou7id : perh. extremis, ultimis gyllabis 
 consonare ; in eundem finem venire. 
 Quint. 9, 3, 77 : to r. agreeably, jucunde 
 consonare, id. 9, 3, 73. ||. To make 
 rhymes: * versus in similes syllabanim 
 sonos desinentes lacere (Kr.) : or perh., 
 * versuum extrema (verba) pariter ter- 
 minare, after Cic. Or. 12, j8. |||. To 
 ni-ile poetry : versus facere, seribere, 
 Cic; V. verse. 
 
 rhymer: versificator (a mere verse 
 ma ker, as opp. to a poet) : Quint. 10, 
 I, 89 : Just. 
 
 rhythm : 1. numerus (applied 
 both to motion and sound : both sing, 
 and pi.): whatever admits the measure- 
 m^it of our hearing is called r.. quid- 
 quid sub aurium mensuram abquam 
 cadit, n. vocatur, Cic. Or. 20, 67 : a dac- 
 tylic r„ n. dactylicus, id. ib. 57, 191 : 
 to (ji'Sticulaierega/rdless of r., e.xtra nu- 
 meruni 8« movere, id. Parad. ;, 1, ad 
 
 fin, ; Hor. 2. modus (esp. in poetry 
 or music : both sing, and pi.) : mourn- 
 ful r.s, flebiles m., Cic. Tusc. i. 44, 106. 
 Join: numerus et m., id. de Or. 1, jj, 
 151. 3. rhythmus: there is r. even in 
 the movements of the body, r. etiam in 
 corporis motu est, Quint. 9, 4, 50, 
 (N.B. — Cic. only uses it as a Gk. word, 
 but he employs the adj. rhythmicus of 
 one who observes the laws of r., de Or. 
 
 3, 49, 190: for this we find also modu- 
 lator, Hor. S. I, i, I jo; v. modula- 
 tion.) 
 
 rhythmical: 1. ntimerosus: r. 
 language, n. oratio, Cie. Or. 67, 226 ; 
 Ov. 2. modulatus (prop, a part.) -. 
 r. language, m. oratio, Gell. i }, 24 ; Ov. 
 
 3. enrylhmos (eVpufl/xos) : Censorin. 
 de Die Nat. 13, od init. 4. rhyth- 
 moTdes, is, (pvdfxoctSr)$) ; Mart. Cap. 9, 
 p. 327- 
 
 rhythmically : 1. niimgrose : to 
 
 end r., n. eadere, Cic. Brut. 8, 34. 2. 
 mSdulate: Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22. Phr.: 
 to close 07ie's periods r., claudere sen- 
 tentias numeris, Cic. Or. 68, 229 : to mea- 
 sure r, modulari, id. : v. modulate. 
 
 rib : \. -^ bone of the side ; costa : 
 the live upper r.s, c. quinque siiperiores, 
 Cels. 8, I : to strip the hides off the r.s, 
 tergora diripere costis, Virg. Acu. i, 211. 
 Phr.: oxe7i with .fine r.s, bene costatt 
 (boves). Varr. R. R. 2, 5. 8. ||. 
 
 Transf. (of a ship): 1. costa: Plin. 
 1 5, 9, 19. 2. statumen, inis, n. : Caes. 
 B. C. I, 54. III. A raised line in 
 cloth, etc. : no exact word : v. ridge: it 
 may be expr. by stria (prop, the hollow 
 groove between two r.s) . a column vHth 
 twenty r.s, columna viginti striis, Vitr. 
 
 4, 3, 9. As applied to plants, v. vein. 
 ribald : olxscaenus : V. obscene. 
 ribaldry : obscaenitas: v.OBscENirr. 
 riband, ribbon: 1. taenia (a 
 
 broad band) : having their tempUs 
 bound with r.s, evinctl tempora taeniis 
 (^dissyl.), Virg. Aen. 5, 269. 2. taeniola 
 (dimin. of preced.) : a r. of sea-weed, u 
 algae, Col. 11, 3, 23. 3. vitta (as dis- 
 tinguished from the preced. it is Umg 
 and hangs down ; hence longae taenia v., 
 Virg. Aen. 7, 352: a fillet) : a r. for 
 the hair, crinalis v., id. Aen. 7, 40^; 
 Ov. : to tie up a garland with a r., 
 coronam vitta colligare, Plin. 18, 2, 2. 
 
 4, lemniscus (Aij/ivijicos : a r. ivhich 
 hung down behind a victor's crown): 
 chaplets and r.s, coronae l.que, Liv. 33, 
 3 ;. 5. infiila : v. fillet : perh. this 
 IS the most suitable expr. for a r. as a 
 badge of honour, cf. Sen. Ep. 14, 1 1 ; 
 Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 6: tKer.ofan impeiial 
 Older, * i. imperialls, after Cod. Just. tit. 
 37, ad fin. Phr.; tresses bound ivith 
 a r., vittati capilli, Ov. Am. I, 7, 17 ■ a 
 palm-branch inealhed with r.s, palma 
 lemniscata, Cic. Rose. Am. 35, 100. 
 
 ribbed (part, and adj.): perh. best 
 expr. by striatus (hxMowed out into 
 grooves) : applied to r. shells, PI. Rud. 
 2, I, 9 ; to plants, Plin. 19, 8, 42 ; to 
 pillars, Vitr. 4, 3, 9: cf. fluted: if of 
 leaves, v. veined. 
 
 rice : Sryza : a decoction of r., ptisa* 
 narium oryzae, Hor. S. 2, 3, 155. 
 
 rich : I. 'Wcaithy, well stocked or 
 plodded : 1, dives, itis (the most gen. 
 term : no neut. pi. nom. or ace. : usually 
 diN-ite in abl. sing. : also in the form dis, 
 neut. dite, gen. ditls. which is mostly 
 poet, and does not occur in Cie. the abl. 
 is always diti : the comp. and superl. of 
 both forms are in use : constr. puet. with 
 the abl. or gen.) : to become r. after 
 being verfi poor, ex pauperrimo d. tieri. 
 Cic. Vatin. 12. 29 : the r. families of the 
 n((()i7i7.!/, ditesfamiliae nobilium,Tac. A. 
 3,55: the poor are no sadder than the r., 
 pauperes nihilo tristiores divjtibus, Sen. 
 Cons, ad Helv. 12, i ; r. tn lands, d. 
 agris. Hiir. S. i, 2, IJ; r. in horset, 
 d. equflm, Virg. Aen. 9, 26. 2. per- 
 dives, Itis (very r.) : Cic. Verr. 4, 26, 59. 
 3. praedives, itis (^cery r.) : Liv. 45, 
 40; Ov. 4. lociiples, etis (uefl off; 
 constr. with abl.): very r. cities, locu- 
 pletissimae urbes, Caes. B. C. 3, ?• : *■ 
 with spoil, praeda 1., Sail. Jug. 84- ftic
 
 RICH 
 
 RICHLY 
 
 RIDE 
 
 JJaiin language is riclier than the Greek, 
 Latiiia lingua locupletior eut quam 
 Graeca. Cic. Kin. i, j, lo. Join: co- 
 piobus el 1., Id. I<iv. in Caecll. 17. 55; 
 L el refcrtus (applied to tilings), id. de 
 Or. I, 55. i()i. 5. Opulenius, or k-ss 
 freq. opulens, nils {hatting plentiful re- 
 sources , constr. wiih abl. or gen.) : a r. 
 and uetl-sti irked town, oppidum plenum 
 et 0.. Cues. B. 0. ?. 80: ver;/ r. mines. 
 opulentis.sima metalla, SfO. Kp. 2{, 4: 
 a pronince r. in mmwy, provincia pe- 
 cuniae o., Tac. H. 2, 6 : Cic. 6. co- 
 piosus (liatring an abundance: used of 
 both persons and things : the form copis 
 occuni in PI. constr. willi abl., with or 
 without ab, or abs.) : a r. city, c. urbs, 
 Cic Arch. 5, 4: ar.palrimuny, c. patri- 
 moniiun. Id. Rose. Am. 2, 6: r. in earn, 
 c. a frumento, Id. Alt. 5, 18, ad med. 
 Join: c. et dives, id. Par. 6, ad fin. 
 7. pScuniosus (moneiied) : a vry r. 
 man, homo pecuniosissimus, Cic. Verr. 
 5,9, 24: ar.. purse-proud felloio, ostcn- 
 tator p., Aucl. H<-r. 4, 50 (al. pecuniae). 
 .loin: locnples et p., Cic. Rose. Com. 1 5, 
 44. 8. numatus (nummatus: si/n. of 
 preced. : usually with l:>en(') : o man 
 nut less r., homo non minus bene n., Cic. 
 Agr. 2, 22, 5<>: Hor. 9. beatus (prop. 
 happy ; in good circumstances') : a man 
 not over r., homo non beatissimus, Nep. 
 Ages. 8, 2 : r. treasures, b. gazae, Hor. 
 Od. I, 29, 2. Join: opulentus et b., 
 Cic. N. I). J, 5J. 81. 10. fortunatus 
 (^syn. of preced.) : r. and influential, f. 
 et potens, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69 : r. and 
 splendid Athms, Alhenae f. atque opi- 
 parae, PI. Pers. 4, 4, i. 11. laulus, 
 (splendid) : a r. state, civitas 1., Cic. Kara, 
 ij, }2. Join: 1. et copiosum, id. Rab. 
 Post. 14, }8. 12. satur, uia, urum 
 (very rare) : a r. farmer, s. colonus, 
 Tib. 2, I, 2?. 13. abundans, mis 
 {aJbounding in tvtalth) : the furtiiture 
 not of a luxurious but yet of ar. man. 
 supellex non luxuriosi hominis sed 
 tanien abundantis, Cic. Phil. 2, 2"], 66 : 
 
 V. ABUNDANT, AFFLUENT. P ll r. : O r. 
 
 man, vir magnls opibus praeditus, Cic. 
 Clu. 55, 15}: Curt.: opibus et copiis 
 affluens, Cic. Agr. 2, jo, 82 : richer, 
 pecuniis superior, id. Rep. 2, J4 : o very 
 r. nation, gens divitiis praepoUens, Liv. 
 I, $^,ad init. : to be riclier than Crassus 
 (proo.), superare Crassum divitiis, id. 
 Att. I, 4, extr. : a r. man, Croesus (opp. 
 to Irus = a poor man), Ov. Tr. {, 7, 42. 
 
 II, Costly, sumptuous : 1. dives, 
 itis (see above) : the r. bough, d. ramus, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 195 : r. banquets, dites 
 epulae, Stat. 'I'h. 5, 187. Join: opu- 
 lenta et ditia, I..iv. 21, 4?. 2. opu- 
 lentus, and less freq. opulens, nils : a r. 
 palace, o. regla, Catul. 64, 4?: very r. 
 offerings, opuleniissima dona, Suet. Aug. 
 }o. 3. opimns : a r. and excellent 
 spoil, o. et praeclara praeda. Cic. Rose. 
 Am. }, 8 : a r. reuard, o. merces, l.iv. 
 21, 4} : r. feasts, o. dapes, Virg. Aen. 
 }, 224. 4. prfitiosus : v. costly, 
 SPLENDID. P h r. : take away the r. orna- 
 ments, demite divitias, Ov. F. 4. 156. 
 
 III. Fertile, luxuriant, excdlent of 
 its kind: 1. dives, itis (see above: 
 less freq. in this sense than the foil.): 
 a r. field, d. ager, Virg. Aen. 7, 262. 
 Kig. : thence arose the freer and richer 
 dithyramb, inde ille licentior et divitiur 
 fluxit dithyrambus, Cic. de Or. j, 48, 
 185 : richer in good examples, bonis 
 exemplis ditior, l.iv. praef., ad fin.: 
 withtlut a r, vein (of talent), sine divite 
 vena, Hor. A. P. 409. 2. iiber, Srls 
 (feeming, plentiful) : a r. harvest, u. 
 messis. PI. Rud. 5, t, 2 J : a r. soil, 
 u. solum. I'ar. II. 5, 6. Fig. : jjn richer 
 topic, nullus uberior locus, Cic. Off. ?, 2, 
 5 : a richer crop of orators, uberior ora- 
 torum fetus. Id. Brut. 49. 182. 3. 
 Spimus : o r. and fertile region, regio 
 o. et fertilis, Cic. Manil. 6, 14: to l^ook 
 doiiii upon a r. landscape, 'reglonem 
 opimam ocnlis subjectum videre (after 
 Lit. 2;. ?4). 4. Opulentus {rar) : 
 surveying the r. field's, contemplatus o. 
 arva, Liv. 9, j6, ad fin. 5. ffrax. acis 
 {Jruitfut) : very r.' districts, feraclssimi 
 
 agri, Caes. B. G. 2, 4. Cic Fig. no 
 period uas richer in instances of virtue 
 than that, ilia aetate nulla feracior vir- 
 tutimi tuit, Liv. 9. 16 v. fkutilk. 
 6. lOpiosus (almiidant ; applied to 
 styU): a r. and varied Uiscourte, niulia 
 et varia el c. oratio, Cic. de Or. 2, 5}, 
 214. 7. pinguis (/at. tAic/i-) ; r. ma- 
 nure, p. liinub, Vlrg. G. I, 80: r. vine, 
 p. nierum, Hor. S. 2, 4, 65 : a battle-field 
 r vith bUiod, sanguine p. campus, id. 
 Od. 2, 1. 29 : a )•. table, p. mensa, Catul. 
 62.}: Col.: V. FAT. 8, unctus(prop. 
 anointed; hence r., hiyhly flavoured): 
 vhen any daintier or richer nvrrsel is 
 to tje had, ubi quid melius contingit et 
 unctius, Hor. Ep. i, i;, 44: a r. feast, 
 uiictum (subs.), id. A. P. 422 : Fig. : r. 
 patrimonies, u. patrimonia, Catul. 29. 
 2}: a richer and more brilliant style 
 of eloquence, unctior splcndidiorque con- 
 suetudo loqucndi, Cic. Brut. 20, 78. 9. 
 satur, lira, urum (full, deep: esp. of 
 coUiur : the comp. saturatior is used by 
 Plin. 21, 8, 22) . a r. colour, s. color, 
 Plln. 57, 10, 61 : r. Tarentum,s. Taren- 
 tuni, Virg.i;. 2, 197. Fig.: to deliver r. 
 passages meagrely, satura jejune dicere, 
 Cic. Or. 56, "nj Phr. ; to play a r. 
 practical joke, facinus facere lepidum 
 et festiTuiii, I'l. Poen. I, 2, 95 : r. har- 
 vumy, peih. *perfectus sonorum con- 
 tenlus. 
 
 rich, to become: 1. ditesco, j 
 
 {port.) : Hor. S. 2. ;, 10. 2. opulesco, 
 J (very rare) poUi. apud Gell. 18, 11, 
 extr. 3. expr. by locupletari, divitcm 
 fieri, Cic. P h r. : the poor grow r., 
 egcnles abundant. Cic. Am. 7, 2J. 
 
 to make: <l'io. « : ^'- enrich. 
 
 riches : 1. dlvltiae. arum (no 
 
 sing. : the most usual word) : r. are 
 sought after in order to enjoy pleasure, 
 expetunlur d. iid perfruend;\s voluptates, 
 Cic. Off. I, 8, 25 : to heap up r., d. in 
 altum exstruere, Hor. Od. 2. J, 19 : con- 
 gerere, Tib. 1, i, i. Fig.: tiho can 
 doubt that thfre are r. in rirtiie t quis 
 dubitetquin in virtute d. sir.t.'Cic. Par. 
 6, 2, ad fin.: the r. and graces of his 
 talents, d. aique ornanienta ejus ingenii, 
 id. de Or. i, },, 161. 2. "P<'s. um, 
 f. pi. (property, resources: very rare in 
 'sing, as in Virg. Aen. 8, 685 : both lit. 
 and fig.): poor anmlst gr^at r., magnas 
 inter opes inops, Hor. Od. j, 16, 28 : 
 abouruiing in r. and wealth, opibus et 
 copii.s affluens, Cic. Agr. 2, }o, 82. 3. 
 fortuna (gen. in pi. : r. as one's lot or 
 inha-itawe) : lo enjoy (me's r., fortunis 
 frui, Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 2 ; Hor. : to inaease 
 in favour and r., gratia fortunaqne cre- 
 scere, Nep. Att. 21, i. 4. facultates, 
 um, /. pi. {goods, property, means) : lest 
 our generosity exceed our r.. ne major 
 benigiiitas sit quam f.,Cic. Off. i, 14, 42. 
 5. copia {plenty: usu. in pi.): in 
 the midst of r. old age is wearisome, 
 senectus in sumnia c. gravis, Cic. Sen. 
 J, 8 : v. ABiiNDANCK. 6. Opiileutia : 
 v. OPULENCE. 7. pScuiiia (money, 
 
 capital) : to accumulate r., p. facere, Cic 
 Div. I, 49, in : those things constitute 
 their r., ea illis p. est, Liv. 29, }l. 8. 
 gaza (prop, the royal treasure ; a Per- 
 sian word) : the r. of a king. g. regia, 
 Cic Manil. 2J,66: Hor.: Virg. 
 
 richly : I. I'lentifully : bfnigne, 
 
 liberaliter: v. bountifully, LiBKKAr.LV. 
 
 II. Sumptuously: 1. 6piilente : 
 
 to celebrate the games more r., opulen- 
 
 tius ludos facere, Liv. i. }$. ad fin. 
 
 2. opipare : a banquet r. furnished, 
 
 o. p.iratum conviviuni, Cic. Off. J. 14, 58. 
 
 Join: opline atque o., PI. Bac. j, 1,6. 
 
 3. ditius (no j^osit. ; luperl. in 
 
 App.) : Slat. .^. I, 5, Ji. 4. prftiose : 
 
 vases r. chased, vasu p. coelata, Cic inv. 
 
 2, 40, 116: to be entombed more r.. 
 
 preriiisins sepeliri, Curt. 10, I. J2 : v. 
 
 SUMl'TUOUSLY, MACNIKICENTLY. |||. 
 
 Luxuriantly : ubiirius (no posit. ; su- 
 perl. in PI.): Me crop grows more r., u. 
 provenit seges, Ov. Pont. 4, 2, 12: v. 
 
 LUxnRIANTI.V, ABtJNDANTLY. Phr.: O 
 
 r.-'ioodf'd land, silvae ditissima terra, 
 Virg. G. 2. Ij6. IV. '"'xP''- ''y ^ariMis 
 phr. : garments r. dyed with purple. 
 
 vestes ostro saturae. Sen. Thy est. 95 J ; 
 Ov.: to enjoy a r. eariicd lepulation, 
 lama meriti^^sima frui. Plin. lip. ;, 15. 
 richness: |. Luxmiance, fulness: 
 1. dberlas the r. of its fitlds, U, 
 agrorum, Cic. Manil. 6, 14: excessive r, 
 admoduu lilmla u.. Col. 4, 21, 2 : Fig.: 
 to admire his r. and eUiquence, u. et 
 copiam ejus adniirari, Cic. Brut. 11,44.- 
 
 V. AHUNUANCK, FKRTILITY. 2. piogul- 
 
 tudo (fatness) : the r. nf Vie sod, p. ler- 
 rae. Col. 2, 2, 18 v. fatnksh. 3. bitO- 
 ritas i^applled u> colours) : Plin. 9. jq. 64. 
 4. 01 food. perh. laulltla, tf. Petr. 
 }1, I. II. .•<pUndor : V. ^^•LE^■IIOUB, 
 
 CO.STLINESS. 
 
 rick : meta : to make kay-r.t, feDDm 
 exstruere in metas. Col. 2, 19. 2. 
 
 rickets: •rlmchitis: cyriOnosis(Kr.). 
 
 rickety: I. Affiicted n-ilh nictetJ: 
 *rhacbitide laboraos. ||. instikbllis: 
 
 V. SHAKY. 
 
 ricochet (subs, and v.) .- the Idea 
 may Ix- expr. afier Min. Fel. Oct. j, 
 ail fin., where he describes the game of 
 ducks and drakes at the sea-side : tes- 
 tam incliiiem at<|ue hiimilem (quantum 
 potest) super uiidas irrotare; ut . . . . 
 summis iiuctibus tousis emicaret, dum 
 adslduo saliu sublevatur. 
 
 rid: libero, I : v. fbke, releasf. 
 
 to get (of): 1. t-xiiq, ui, 
 
 Htum, J (to strip off): to get r. of oUL- 
 fashiimed customs, mores antiquos e., 
 Liv. 27, 8. cut init.: I cannot get r. of 
 the idea that there are gods, milii quidem 
 ex aniino exui non potest esse deos, Cic 
 N. I). J. 5, 7. 2. depono, posui, p6- 
 sTtum, ? (to lay aside): to yet r. uf cares 
 and sorroivs, d. curas doloresqiie, Cic 
 Fam. 4, 6, 2 : to get r. of a great part of 
 the disease, magnam morbi d. partem, 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, 55 : v. BicsicN. 3. eluo, 
 ui, utuni, } (to wash out): ne most get 
 r. of such friendfhips, tales amicltiae 
 sunt eluendae, Cic. Am. 21. 76 : to get r. 
 of the pangs of anxiety, amara curarum 
 e., Hor. Od. 4, 12, 20 : PI. 4. amolior, 
 4 (to get r. of with some difliculti/) : lo 
 get r. nf the young man under pretence 
 of conferring an hottour on him, a. Ju- 
 veiiem specie honoris, Tac. A. 2. 42 : v. 
 REMOVE. 5. diniitto, misi, missiim, } 
 (to send away) : to grt r. of one's cre- 
 ditors, d. creditores, Plin. Kp. 2, 4 ■ lo get 
 r. of frieinlships, d. amicitias, Cic. Am. 
 2 1, "76. 
 
 riddance : libCratio : v. dexiveb- 
 
 AMl:, RKI.IEF. 
 
 riddle (.subs.): \. An enigma: 
 
 1. aeiiigma, atls, n.(aai7/io : Cic. Att. 
 [ 6, 7, uses the Gk. phr. iv a'lyiytiolt) : 
 to spea'.- r.s, a. loqui, Plln. Ep. 7, 1?: 
 , the dark imagery ami rj of dreams, 
 \ obscuritites el a. somniorum, Cic. Wv. 
 2, 64. I }i : tlie r.s of the law, a. jurum, 
 Juv. 8, 50. 2. scirpus : (ace. to GelL 
 l2.6,airans.ofthepre«e(l.'). 3. gnp'""' 
 (ypi4>o<i) : to solve r.s, g. dissolvere, Gell. 
 I. 2, 4. 4. expr. sometimes by am- 
 bages, um,/. pi. (With abl. sing, ainbage ; 
 an obscure, dark saying) : the rj nJ an 
 obscure oracle, obscurae sortis a., Ov. I'. 
 4.261 : in r.s, per ambages, Liv. i. 56: 
 Tac. Phr.: to utter r.s, olnjcura caner*. 
 Hor. S. 2, 5, 58. II. cribrum: v. 
 
 SIEVE. 
 
 riddle («'•) •• I. ^' •''''*^' <"'<7»»o- 
 
 licolly: expr. by aenik-mata loqui, v 
 preced. art. I|, 7b .»i/t ; cemo, crfvi, 
 cretuni, { : v. sift. |||. To pierce 
 full of holes : nearest wor.1, coiifOdio. 
 fodi, t'ossuni. J : to be r.d I'-ith wounds, 
 conlodi vulneribus, Liv. 14. 7 : r.d by 
 so many judicial sentences, tot Judlcii* 
 coiifossus. Id. ?. 11; PI- I'hr. : r.d 
 with wounds, pleiiiis viilnerum, Liv. 5, 
 n : a criminal ' .d like a sirve 6v the 
 hangmen, carnificium cribrum, 11. Most. 
 I, I. ?2 
 
 riddling ( ;'" ' '• n"<^ "''.'•'' • •■• ••!>«<•■*«. 
 
 .serniiine^ |i.r|il>xi, Liv. ^o. ;: r. words, 
 verba caecls obscura latebris, Ov. M. I, 
 J88. 
 
 ride (<••)•• I.. In trans.: 1. 
 
 fquito, I (used oict. in late authors) : to 
 
 r. amongst our army, ft In exerdtn 
 
 nostro, Cic Iteiot. 10, 28 : to r. on a long 
 
 689
 
 RIDE 
 
 RIDICULOUS 
 
 RIGHT 
 
 reed, e. in arundine loiip;a, Hor. S. 2, J, 
 248 : tke south-east loind rode over the 
 Sicilian main, eurus per Siculas equi- 
 tavit undas, id. Od. 4, 4, 44. 2. vfihor, 
 vectus sum, j (used as a dep. : to be 
 carried on a beast, or in a vehicle) : 
 the lurrse on which I tvas r.ing, equus 
 ia quo ego vehebar, Cic. Div. 2, 68, 140 : 
 to r. full speed towards the foe, equo 
 concitato ad hostein v., Nep. I)at. 4, 5 : 
 r.ing in a four-horse chariot, quadri- 
 jugis veliens, Cic. Brut. 97, ;ji : to r. in 
 a one-horse vehvie, uno equo vehi, Liv. 
 28, 9 : to r.on a fish's back, pisce v., Ov. 
 M. 2, IJ. 3. vector, i (prop. /ceq. of 
 preced. : rare) : to r. on the shoulders of 
 one's foes, v. humeris inimicis, Hor. 
 Epod. 17,74: Ov. 4. gestor, i (esp. 
 of exercise taken for health or pleasure) : 
 to r. in a tivo-horse chariot, g. bijugis 
 equis, Mart, i, 12, 8 : Sen. : Suet. 
 5. sgdeo, sedi, sessum, 2 (io sit : in 
 late authors also pass., to be ridden) : to 
 r. on a horse, s. equo. Mart. ;, j8L, 4, 
 Spart. P h r. : (i.) to r., ire equis, Liv. 
 
 I, 14 : in equis, Ov. A. A. i, 214 : super 
 equos. Just. 41, } : incedere equo, id. 
 ib. . to r. in a chariot, ire curru, Liv. 
 28, 9 : he rode rapidly in gigs a dis- 
 tance of 56 miles, Lvi millia passuum 
 cisiis pervolavit, Cic. Rose. Am. 7, 19 : 
 the boi/ does not Icvom hoiv to ride, nescit 
 puer equo haerere, Hor. Od. j, 24, 54: 
 Cic. : (me who r.s in a vehicle, gestator. 
 Mart. 4, 64, 19. (ii.) to r. at anchor, in 
 ancoris consistere, Caes. B. C. j, 28 : to 
 r. upon the main, v. sail, (iii.) bed- 
 ri,dden, lecto affixus, Hor. Sat. i, i, 81 : 
 Sen. : priest-ridden, 'sacerdotibus nimis 
 deditus, after Cic. Brut. 62, 22j. ||, 
 Trans. : only found in certain phr., as, 
 to r. a horse, equo vehi, v. preced., and 
 EXERCISE, DRIVE : to r. a race, perh. 
 *equis certamen inire, after Tac. A. 
 
 II, II. 
 
 ride across, over, past : trans- 
 
 vghor, vectus, } (esp. at reviews) : the 
 knights r. past, equites transvehuntur, 
 Liv. 9, 46, extr.: Tac. Phr. ■ plains 
 across which cavalry cannot r., campi 
 inequitabiles, Curt. 8, 14, 4 (opp. to pla- 
 nities equitaljilis, id. 4, 9, 10). 
 
 • along, past : 1. praeter- 
 
 vghor, vectus, j : to r. past on horseback, 
 p. equo, Liv. 22, 49 : Cic. 2. praetgr- 
 gquito, I (only once, in part.) .- Liv. 
 },6t. 
 
 back : rgvghor, vectus, J : iMving 
 
 ridden back hastily to the city, equo 
 citato in urbem revectus, Liv. 7, 41. 
 
 between : intgrequito, I (con- 
 
 str. witii ace. or abs.) : to r. between the 
 ranks, i. ordines, Liv. 6, 7. 
 
 • down : proculco, l : v. TRAMPLE 
 
 DOWN. 
 
 into, upon : invghor, vectus, j : 
 
 he r.s in triumph into the city, trium- 
 phans urbem invehitur, Liv. 2, ji : r.ing 
 upon swimming monsters, natantibus 
 invehens beluis, Cic. N. D. 1, 28, 78: 
 Virg. 
 
 off, out : 1. avghor, vectus, j 
 
 (to r. away) : to r. aivay from ime's own 
 men. a. ab suis, Liv. 9. 27 : Virg. 2. 
 evghor, ctus, 5 (to r. forth from) : to r. 
 off on a horse without bit or tiridle, e. 
 effreno equo, Liv. 4. jj. Phr.: to r. 
 out a gale, perh. expr. by navem tenere 
 in ancoris, Nep. Them. 8, 7. 
 
 round : 1. clrcumvehor, 
 
 vectus, ? : he orders the muleteers to r. 
 round the hills, muliones coUibus c, 
 jubet, Caos. B. a. 7, 4;: Liv. 2. 
 circumvector, 1 : (freq. of preced.) : to 
 r. round the tontts, oppida c, PI. Rud. 
 4, 2, 28. 3. circumequft", i : to r. 
 round the walls, nioenia c, Liv. 10, 54. 
 Phr.: tor. in hot haste round the ranks, 
 ordines circumvolare. Veil. 2, 27, I. 
 
 through, UD and down : 
 
 pgrgquito, 1 : to r. through the sea on a 
 dolphin's back, p. maria (delphino), Plin. 
 
 ?i, 8, 8: to r. (thiough) betiremi the tno 
 infs of battle, inter duas acles p., Caes. 
 B. C. I, 46 : to r. up and down the lines, 
 p. aciem, Liv. ?, 28. Phr.: to r. at 
 full speed up and doum the Flaminian 
 road, pervolare Flaminiam, Juv. i, 60. 
 6qo 
 
 ride to ; pervehor, vectus, } (in Cic. to 
 sail to) : to r. to the town, p. usque ad 
 oppidum, Enn. in Varr. L. L. 5, j2, 
 $ 15J. 
 
 — up to, towards : 1. adg- 
 
 quito, I (constr. with ace. of motion, or 
 after ad or in) : to r. up to our men, 
 a. ad nostros, Caes. B. G. i, 46. (N.B. — 
 In Suet. Cal. 25, a. juxta is to r. beside.) 
 
 2. advghor, vectus, j : r.ing up to the 
 bank of the river, equo advectus ad 
 ripam fluminis, Cic. Div. i, 28, 58. 
 
 ride (subs.) : expr. by the vb. mostly 
 thus to take a r. = to ride : see also 
 
 RIDING. 
 
 rider; I. ''"« "'^ rides. 1. 
 eques, itis, m.: Phaedr. 4, 4, 5 ; Liv.: 
 V. HORSEMAN. 2. rector {one who 
 guides an animal) : horses without their 
 r.s, sine rectorlbus equi, Tac. Agr. j6, 
 ad Jin. : Liv. 3. vector (one who 
 
 is carried) : the r. manages the horse, 
 V. equum regit, Ov. A. A. j, 555 : Prop. 
 4. sessor (one who is sealed) : not 
 to endure a r., s. recusare, Sen. Const. 
 12, ; : Suet. II. An additional clause: 
 adjectio. Quint. 6, j, 71 : v. addition. 
 
 riderless ; sine rectore, rectoribus ; 
 v. preced. art. 
 
 ridge : do exact gen. equiv. : the 
 nearest expr. are: — 1. siipercilium 
 (brow, projecting r.) : a lofty r., s. quod- 
 dam pxcelsum, Auct. B. Afr. 58 : to stand 
 at the bottom of the r., infimo s. stare, 
 Liv. 27, 18: Virg.: v. BROW. 2. expr. 
 by dorsum {back) or jiigum : v. chain 
 (of mountains) : fie sends one legion by 
 the same r., legionem unam eodem jugo 
 mittit, Cae.s. B. G. 7, 4; : o city lying 
 along the r. of a hill, urbs porrecta in 
 dorso mentis, Liv. i, 3 : sometimes both 
 words are connected • the unbroken r.s 
 of the mountain chain, Jugum quod 
 montes inter se perpetuo dorso Jungit, 
 Liv. 41, 18: the top of the r. tvas almost 
 level, dorsum ejus jugi prope aequum 
 erat, Caes. B. G. 7, 44. 3. A r. be- 
 tween two furrows is called lira, or 
 porca. Col. 2, 4, 8 : also scamnum, ib. 2, 
 2. 2;: Plin. Phr. : the collateral r.s 
 (of a 7no»ntai>' ), brachia, Plin. 5, 27, 27: 
 the r.s of the Alps, culmina Alpium, 
 Caes. B. G. j, 2. 
 
 ridicule (subs.) : 1. ridiciilum 
 (prop, the neut. of the adj.) : the force 
 of r.. vis ridiculi, Cic. de Or. 2, ;8, 257: 
 r. decides matters better than bitterness, 
 r. acri melius secatres, Hor. S. i, 10, 14: 
 Quint. 6, }, 22. 2. deridiculum : in 
 r., per d., Tac. A. 6, 1. 3. Expr. 
 sometimes by risus, us (laughter) : to 
 turn unpleasant topics into r., odioaas 
 res joco risuque dissolvere, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 58, 256: (cf. Quint. 6, ?, pass.) : an ohject 
 of r. may be expr. by ridendus, Hor. 
 Ep. I, I, 9. 
 
 ridicule (i)-) • 1. irrldeo, risi, 
 
 risum, 2 : to r. the gods in jest, per Jocum 
 deos i., Cic. N. D. 2, ?, 7 : to r. bitterly, 
 acerbis facetiis i., Tac A. 5, 2 : all r.d 
 him when he began to speak, omnes cum 
 loqui coeperit irriderent, Ctc. Verr. 4, 
 
 66, 148 : V. LAnOH AT, DERIDE. 2. 
 
 illiido, si, sum, j (constr. with ace. ; 
 more rarely dat., in with ace, or abl.) : 
 to r. his tones when he sang, i. voces 
 quiim caneret, Tac. A. 14, 52- to r. the 
 unfortunate, i. miseros, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 58, 2J7. 3. ludo, si. sum, i (rare: 
 less strong than the preced.) : to r a^y 
 one sportively, jocose aliquem I., Cic. Q. 
 
 Fr. 2, 12 (ll"). 2: V. BANTER. 4. ludi- 
 
 f icor, I : V. MOCK. 
 
 ridiculous : 1. ridiciiius (prop. 
 laughable, which is its usual sense): it 
 is r. to suppose, r. est pntare, Cic. Div. 
 in Caecil. i8, 59: a r. poem, r poema, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, 2?8: poverty makes m^n 
 r., paupertas r. homines tacit, .Juv. j, 
 I?!: Quint. 2. perridicQlus (very 
 
 r.) : a very r. system, p. doctrina, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 19, 77. 3. deridiciilus . the ac- 
 cusation is r., crimen est d., Liv. 59, 
 26. 4. subabsurdus (ace. to Quint. 
 6, ?, 2}, a Cic. word): Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 
 274: V. ABSURD. (N.B. — Though the 
 a<lj. subridlculus does not occur, the 
 adv. does.) 
 
 ridicnlousbr : 1. ridlciUe: Cic, 
 Verr. 4, 66, 148: v. abstjrdly. 2, 
 perridicule Cic. Verr. 2, 6, 18. 3, 
 subrldicule : Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249. 4. 
 subabsurde : Cic. de Or. 2, 68, 275. 
 
 ridiculousness ; deridiciilum : con- 
 temptible on account of the r. of his per- 
 sonal appearani:e., corporis deridiculo 
 despicieiidus, Tac. A. 12. 49. 
 
 riding ; I. I'he act of riding, 
 1. gquitatio : r. is very beneficial, 
 e. est utilissima, Plin. 28, 4, 14. 2, 
 equltatus, us : to chafe the thiglis by r., 
 femora equiiatu atterere, id. 28, 15, 61, 
 ad fin. 3. vectatio (the act of being 
 carried) : r. on lurrseback after a meal, 
 V. equi post cibum. Suet. Cal. j : Sen. 
 4, vectio (very rare) : to render r. 
 on quadrupeds possible, vectiones qua- 
 drupedum efficere. Cic. N. I>. 2, 60, i;i. 
 5. gestatio (r. in a vehicle for liealth, 
 pleasure, etc.) : to come in from r., a 
 gestatione venire, Sen. Ep. 5?, i. 6, 
 transvectio, (a r. past at reviews) : the 
 custom of r. past, mcs transvectionis, 
 Suet. Aug. j8. 7. Expr. sometimes 
 by cursus, us (a running) : this custom 
 of r., hie mos cursus, Virg. Aen. 5, 596: 
 or by the vbs. : it is called r., gestari 
 dicitur. Sen. Ep. 122, 15: to teach r., 
 equo docere (sc. uti), Liv. 29, 1, ad mM. : 
 r. is popular among them, equitandi 
 laus apud eos viget, Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62. 
 
 II. The third part of a county: 
 *pars tertia comitatus. 
 
 -coat : paenula (a travelling 
 
 cloak), Cic. Mil. 20, 54 : dressed in a 
 r., paenulatus, id. ib. 
 
 school : no exact equiv. : perh. 
 
 *hipp6dromos, i, m. : cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 6. 
 
 rife : frfiquens, ntis : v. common, pre- 
 valent. 
 
 rifle ('-'■) •• I. compilo, I : v. plun- 
 der. M. To hollow out in grooves: 
 strio, I : Plin.: Vitr. : v. groove. 
 
 rifle (subs.) : *sclopetum striatmtn 
 (Kr.-). 
 
 rifleman : 'milee sclopeto striato 
 armatus. 
 
 rift : rima (a chink) ; Cic. : Hor. : v. 
 
 CRACK, CLEFT. 
 
 rig ("■) ■■ applied to ships, armo, i : 
 to r. ships, a. naves, Caes. B. G. 5, i: 
 sometimes also omare, Liv. 40, 26: 
 Caes.: or aptare armamentis (navem), 
 Ov. M. II, 456: naves aptare. Suet. Tib. 
 6; : Virg. : v. equip, fit out. 
 
 rigging (subs.) .- armamema, n. pi. : 
 V. tackling: or in a narrower sense, 
 funes, m. : v. ropes. 
 
 right (<idj.) : I, Straight : rectus, 
 Cic. a r. angle, r. angulus, Censorin. 
 Fragm. b, j: v. straight. Phr.: atr. 
 angles, ad pares angulos, Cic. Tusc. i, 17, 
 40 a wall at r. angles to another, paries 
 directus, id. Top. 4, 22: to lead astray 
 from the r. path, (viros) transversos 
 agere. Sail. J. 6. ||. Opposite to the left: 
 dexter, tera, t6runi, or more freq. tra, 
 trum (the comp. and superl. do not dif- 
 fer in meaning from the posit.) .- the r, 
 hand, d. manus, Cic. Div. i, 2?, 46 ; also 
 dextra (subs., manus being understood): 
 on tlie r. hand, dextra, Caes. B. C. 2, 1 5 : 
 they live on the r. side of that river, 
 dextra ejus fluminis accolunt, Plin. 6, 
 2 ?, 26, 5 99 : also expr. by ah dextra, 
 Cic. IMv. I. 7, 12 : ad dextram, Caes. B.C. 
 I, 69 (PI. has the longer form in these 
 phr.) : toirariis the r. hand, dextrorsum, 
 Hor. S. 2, J, 50 : -us, Liv. 6, ?l (odvs.): 
 the r. lifing, dexterlus comu, Galba in 
 Cic. Fam. 10, jo, j: amongst those on 
 the r., apud dextimos. Sail. J. 100. 
 Phr.: he is Antony's r.-hand man, 
 Antonii est dextella (diTnin. used con- 
 temptuously), Cic. Att. 14, 20, ad fin. 
 
 III. Correct, true, proper. 1. 
 rectus : to discriminate betireen irhat is 
 r. and wrong, r. et prava dijudicare, 
 Cic. de Or. j, 50, 19; : it is r. and 
 proper, r. est et verum. id. Tusc. ?, 29, 
 7}: r. counsels, r. consilia, Liv. 1, 27, ad 
 tnit. 2. verus (reasonable, just) : it 
 is r. that every man should measure 
 himself by his own stamlard, v. est 
 metiri se quemque suo modulo ac pede; 
 Hor. Ep. I, 7, 98 : Caes. B G. 4, 8 : Liv.
 
 BIGHT, RIGHTLY 
 
 RILL 
 
 RING 
 
 Join : V. ac rectus, Cic. Leg. j, i;, 54 : 
 rectUB et v., id. (v. sttpi .). 3. Justus 
 r. avd merited puvishment, supplicia j. 
 debitaque, Cic. Cat. I, 8, 20: witlumt its 
 r. iveight (of ballas(),iwsio sine pondere, 
 Ov. M. 2, 16}: to ask more than is r., 
 ulterius justo r.. Id. ib. 6, 4"]0: v. duk. 
 4. aequus (fair : esp. freq. with 
 bonus) : vhich it is r. fw a young 
 lad to knoii; quae a. est scire adole- 
 scentem, Ti-r. Eun. j, 2, 25 : it is r. 
 and proper that it should be restored, 
 resiitui a. est et bonum, id. Ph. 2, 4, 
 11: Cic. Brut. ?8, 14}: v. fair. 5. 
 idoneus : v. fit, fropkr. 6. expr. 
 sometimes by las (inded. n. : what is 
 permitted by (lod or our conscience): 
 as far as might be r., quoad f. es-set, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19 : tliey do n/it think it 
 r. to eat hares, leporem gustare f. non 
 putant, Caes. IJ. G. 5, 12: v. lawful. 
 Phr. : at the r. time, ad tempus, Cic. : 
 V. TiMK : as lias r., ut par fuit, Ter. Ph. 
 
 1, J, J ; it is r. to deal thus, sic par est 
 agere, Cic. Off. 2, 2?, 8j : ' r." he i-ries, 
 "ita," inquit, Cic. Sull. i, } : you are r., 
 (ita) est ut dicis, id. Rep. i. 40- Caecin. 
 JJf }1 ■ ft recte quidem, id. Tusc. i, 
 8, !$■ sunt ista, id. Am. 2, 6: probe 
 dicis, id. Tusc. 2, 11, 26: if I am r., 
 nisi fallor, Virg. Aen. 5, 49: Hor. : in 
 the r. place, loco (in loco), Cic. Fam. 9, 
 16, ^: to be on tlie r. side, perh. *esse 
 in tuto (cf. id. Fam. 12, 2. ?) : or bene 
 esse (with d^it. of pers.), Hor. Ep. i, i, 89: 
 all r., bene hal)et. Cic. Mur. 6, 14 : If in 
 an answer, intelligo, Ter. Ph. 2, j, 9} : 
 "all r.. father " — '• I hope so," "recte, 
 pater " — " ita volo." PI. Merc. 2. J, J ? ■ 
 r. tn otie's mind, mentis potens, Ov. Tr. 
 
 2, I {9: to hit the r. nail on the head, 
 rem acu tangere (prov.), PI. Rud. 5, 2, 
 19: the r. and n-rong side oj doth, 
 *latus superius et aversum panni (Kr.). 
 
 right, rightly (adv.) .- |. straight : 
 recte: V. STRAIGHT. II. Quite, precisely: 
 most freq. expr. by iheprim. ipse : supra 
 ipsum balneum habito, / live r. over the 
 baths. Sen. Ep. 56, i v. exactly. 
 III. Correctly, properly. 1. recte : 
 r. or u-rovgly, seu r. seu perperam, Cic. 
 Quint. 8, 51: to jMrf^e »fri/r., rectissime 
 judicare, id. Rep. ), J2 : to do anything 
 r. and properly, r. atque ordine facere, 
 id. Quint. 7, 28. 2. rite ; ve shall r. 
 term him a god, hunc r. deum di.\erimus, 
 Cic. N. D. I, 20, 52 : Virg. ; v. dult. 
 3. vere: v. truly. 4. juste: 
 to estimate r.. j. aectlmare, Curt. 10, 5, 
 26: Hor.: Cic: v. justly. 6. pr6be 
 (excellently) : you haie acted r. about 
 the aqueduct, de iquaeductu p. fecisli, 
 Cic. Att. I J, 6, init. 6. bgne : you 
 ?uive acted very r., plane b. fecisti, 
 id. ib. 7. Kxpr. sometimes by Jure, 
 inerito : v. df>kkvedly : it serves us r., 
 jure plectimur, Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28. |V. 
 Very: expr. by superl. : r. reverend, 
 Reverendissimus, Cod. Theod. i, 55, 8 : 
 
 V. VERY. 
 
 right {subs.) : I. The r. Iiand : 
 expr. l)y de-xtcr, v. Rif;nT (adj.). No. II.: 
 the ivheel, snvrving too much to the r., 
 dexterior rola, Ov. M. 2, u8. ||. 
 The opposite of vrong (murally) : most 
 nearly expr. by fas (indecl. n. : that 
 which is sanctioned by God or our con- 
 science) : r. and u-rong, f. atque nefas, 
 Hor. Od. I, 18, 10: to violate all r., fas 
 omne abrumpere, Virg. Aen. j, 55 : 
 Caes. : Cic. Also by the «fMt. of certain 
 adjs. used ahsol. : moral and legal r., 
 justum ac jus, Cic. I^og. 2,5,11: a man 
 that loves the r., vir amans aequl, Ov. 
 M. I, J22: (cf. Quint. 12, 2, 5, cuncta 
 quae de aequo, justo, vero, bono di- 
 cantur), |||. A statural or Ugal claim : 
 1. jus, juris, n. (in most senses of the 
 Eng.) : everybody host the r. of building 
 a uxill at r. angles to the party-uali, 
 omnibus est j. parieteni directum ad 
 parietem comniuncm adjunt;ere, Cic. 
 Top. 4, 22 : o public r., J. publicum, 
 Ter. Ph. 2, }, 6> : the r. of quarrying 
 and cutting timber, J. saxi niateriaeque 
 caedendae, Liv. 5, 55 : to maintain one's 
 r^, j. suum oblinere, Cic. Verr. Act. 2, 
 I, 26, 65 : teuere, id. Rep i, J2 : to 
 
 uaice one's r.s, decedere jure fuo, 
 l.iiv. }, ji.extr.: to admit to equal is, 
 in parent juris conditiunera reclpere, 
 Caes. B. G. 1, 28 all have equal r.s, 
 aequaia sunt jura omnium, Cic. Rep. i, 
 J2 : Liv. 2. p6tesuis: the r.s of a 
 father over his offspring, patria p. ((. t.). 
 Just. Inst. I, 9, tit. : V. FOWKR. Join: 
 jus p. que, Cic. Phil. 11, 12, jo. 3. jusla, 
 n. pi. (rather rare) : to grant slaves 
 their r.s, j. servis praebere, Cic. Off. i, 
 U, 41 : v. FRrvii.E(;K. Phr. ; this is my 
 special r , hoc mihi peculiare est, id. 
 Q. Fr. 2, 8 (10), J. 
 
 right (>•)■• I. Trans.: perh. 
 
 resiituo, ui, utum (to set up again, as a 
 stjtue, etc.), Cic. : Suet. : v. set if 
 AGAIN. II, Intrans. : restituere 
 
 se ; or perh. crigere se (of persons), Caes. 
 B. G. 6, 27. 
 
 righteous : no single equiv. : the 
 word Justus is used by eccl. writers to 
 translate the 5tKat09 of the N.T. : the 
 Idea may perh. be best expr. by tno 
 adjs. : a r. man, rectus et sanctus vir, 
 I'lin. Ep. 2, 11: sanctus et religiosus, 
 Cic. Rose. Com. 15, 44 : sanctus et dill- 
 gens, id. Verr. 5, 19, 49 : Justus et bonus, 
 id. Off. 2, 12, 42 : over-r., nimis sancte 
 pius, PI. Rud. 4, 7, 8. 
 
 righteously : v. preced. art. 
 
 righteousness : perh. pietas et 
 sanctita.s, Cic. Off. 2, J, 11 : v. righteous. 
 
 rightful : 1. Justus : most r. au- 
 thority, justissimum imperium, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 45 : a r. wife, justa uxor, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, J5, 85 : v. JUST. 2. legltimus: 
 the r. heir, 1. haeres. Just. Jnst. i, i, 1} : 
 V. lawful. 
 
 rightfully : j"ste : v. justly-, law- 
 fully: Join: J. et legitime, Cic. Off. 
 1.4. n. 
 
 rightfulness : v. lawfclnf.ss. 
 
 right-minded: sanus (sound in 
 mind and judgment) : the disturbance 
 threw r. people into a state of conster- 
 nation, tumultus consternabat sanos 
 aninios, Liv. 8, 27 : Cic. : Hor. 
 
 rigid : 1. rigidus : Lit.: limbs r. 
 in death, r. artus, Lucr. 6, 1194: v. 
 STIFF. Fig.: a r. censor, r. censor, 
 Ov. A. A. 2, 664 : Hor. 2. censorius : 
 r. gravity, c. gravitas, Cic. Coel. 15, J5 : 
 
 V. STERN, severe. 
 
 rigidity : rigiditas ; Vitr. 2, 9, 9 
 (applied to wood) : also rigor, Plin. : v. 
 
 STIFFNESS. 
 
 rigidly : riglde ; Ov. : v. stipflt, 
 
 STRICTLY. 
 
 rigmarole : ambages, um, /. pi. 
 (with abl. sing.) : not to detain you with 
 a long r.. ne te longis a. morer, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 7, 82 : Liv. 
 
 rigorous : 1. dums : the most r. 
 season of the year, duris-siniuni tenipus 
 anni, Caes. B. G. 7, 8. Kig. : Iwasar. 
 father, pater d. fui, 'I'er. Heaut. j, i, 
 }o : they assert virttie to be r., virtutem 
 d. volunt, Cic. Am. ij, 48. 2. asper, 
 6ra, 6rum (rough) : Germany, with a r. 
 climate, a. coelo Germania, Tac. G. 2 : 
 V. HAR.SH. 3. severus : v. severe, 
 STRICT. Phr.: a rule that uas not r. 
 or over strict, imp<'rium non restrictum 
 nee perseverum, I'ac. A. 15, 48. 
 
 rigorously : diire : to spend one's 
 days stingily and r., vitam parce ac d. 
 agere. Ter. Andr. i, 1, 47 ; v. sevekkly-, 
 strictly. 
 
 rigour: 1. rigor: the r. of the 
 northern regions, r. septeiiirionis, Tac. 
 A. 2, 2?. Fig.: old-fashioned r. and 
 excessive sei^'Tity, antiquus r. et nimia 
 severitas, id. H. i, 18, extr. 2. duritia: 
 the r. of the climate, d. coeli, Tac. A. ij, 
 }5. Fig.: Ter. Heaut. }, i, 26: Caes.: 
 
 v. HARSHNESS, SEVERFTY. 3. aspKS- 
 
 ritas : the r. of the winter, a. biemis, 
 Tac. A. 4, 56. 4. saevitia(rare): the 
 r. of the weather abating, s. mitiscente 
 coeli. Curt. 8, 4, ij. 
 
 i rill : 1. rivfilus (not used in poet 
 before Prud. : the earlier authors seem 
 to have used rlvus instead, of which this 
 is a dimin.: see Catul. 68, 58: only 
 
 'fig. in Cic): o tiny r., tenuis r.. Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 19. 2. amnlculus (dimin. of 
 is) : Liv. j6, 22. 
 
 amnis) : 
 
 rim : 1. labrum (a lip^ • the rj of 
 the vine-jars, 1. doliorum, Cato R, K, 
 107 • they cover the r.t of the horns with 
 silver, coniiia ab labris argento circum- 
 cludunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 28. 2. ora (a 
 border) : the r. of a shield, o. clipei, 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 24} : Lucr. 3. margo, 
 inis, /. (the edge): the r. of a shell, m. 
 ajnchae, Plin. 9, }6, 61 : hence margino, i 
 (to furnish with a r.) : frames uith a 
 r. round them, tabulae margiiutae. Plia 
 iS, 12, 45: Liv. 4. crfpjdo, inis,/. 
 (applied to any raised edge, but chiefly 
 of large objects)- Liv. 27, i3(ijfar. of 
 earth). 5. balteus (very rare : prop, 
 a belt) : C&Vt R. R. 76, ) (applied to the 
 J-. of crust round a tart). Phr.: the 
 r. of tlie wheel vas gold, aurea summae 
 curvalura loiae, Ov. M. 2, 108. 
 
 rime (sufcj.) : I, v rhyme. ||, 
 
 Hoar-frost : pniina : Cic. N. 1>. 2, 10, 
 26 : adj. : prulnOsus (rimy) : Ov. Am. 
 2, 19, 22. 
 
 rind : Lit.; expr. by cnista (a liard 
 crust), cutis, is,/, (skin), ciirium (prop. 
 leather ; tough covering), ace to Plin. 
 15, 28, J4, "crusta ti-guntur glandes, 
 cute uvae, corio et nit-mbrana Punica" 
 (pinnegranates) .- a r. computed of uindy 
 fibre, llgnea meir.brana (mrmJbiane), id, 
 15,22, 24: corticuUis (dimin. of cortex, 
 bark) Is u^ed of the outside if the olive. 
 Col. 1 2, 50 tiinica (with dimin. tunlcula, 
 Fest. : Plin.) is applied 10 the skm of 
 mushrooms in Plin. 22, 22, 46: v. also 
 BARK. Fig. : it is the mere thin r. 
 (of happiness), crusta est et quidem 
 tenuis, Sen. Prov. 6, 4: this fleshly r., 
 corporeus cortex, Varro in Non. 199, 29. 
 
 ring (S"*s) •■ I. Any circular ob- 
 ject : 1, anulus (anniilus) : curtain 
 r.s, velares a., Plin. ij, 9, 18: v. also 
 no. II. 2. clrciilus (contr. circlus, a 
 lioop) : r,s of thin twigs, tenul de \nmine 
 c, Virg. G. i, 166. 3. ansaia (very 
 rare : o r. fastened in the ground, a 
 stapler.): A pp. M. 4, 14}, extr. 4. 
 amiilla (an iron hoop or r.) : Vitr. 10, 
 2, 12 (10, 6). 5. orbis, is, m.: v. cii;- 
 CLE. 6. cOrona (a crown ; hence of 
 objects arranged in the form of a r.) : 
 a r. of mountains, c. montiuni, Plin. 
 6, 20, 2} . uith a r. of people standing 
 round, vulgi stante c, Ov. M. ij, i; 
 Caes.: Cic. ||, Esp.: an ornament 
 
 for the lingers. 1. anulus (aimuliui) : 
 a r. adorned tvith gems, a. gemmalus, 
 Liv. I, II : a signet r., a. ^iKna- 
 torius, Val. Max. 8, 14, 4; sipillari- 
 cius, Vopisc Aur. 50, 2 : a vxdding r., 
 a. pionubus, Teru Apol. 6: nuptialis, 
 Eccl.: * in fideni coiyugii datns (Kr.). 
 [The last is the best expr., as ihe 
 Roman usage was to give a ring on 
 betrothal.] The bezel of a r., pala, funda 
 anuli, Cic Off. }, 9. )8 : Plin. J7, 8, r : 
 to wear a r., a. gestltare, PI. Cure 5, 2, 4 
 to make impressions on wax uith a r., 
 sigilla aiuilo Imprimere. Cic. Acad. 2, 26. 
 86. 2. anellus (dimin. of preced.) .- Hor. 
 S. 2. 7, 9. 3. expr. by the name of the 
 stone or material of which it is made ; 
 as, a gold r., auruni, Juv. 1, 28 : a sard- 
 (myx r., sardony.N, Id. 7, 144 a r. with 
 a precious stone, gemma, Ov .M. 9, 565 : 
 Sen. Phr.: ears with ra in thrm, 
 anulati aures, PI. Poen 5, 2. 21 : v. ear- 
 ring : to put a r. on a lady's fmgtr. 
 diglto pignus dare, Juv. 6, 27. (N.B. — 
 Slgniiin denotes the device on a r. : dai • 
 tyliothi-ai i^ used by Mart. /or a case to 
 put r.s in, by Plin. for a collection of 
 r.s.) III. An open circular space : 
 gyrus : to gallip roumi the r., g. pulsari' 
 equis. Prop, j, 1 2, 11 : more loosely expr. 
 by arena (^place of comliat). piilaestra 
 (irrestling-ground), or even campus. 
 
 ring (''•') •■ I. ^*' >"'" "^ '*" ■' ''"pr 
 
 by tiiilinnabulum tnicijin-. niovere, PL 
 Trin. 4. 2, i6j: al-o 'ciere (^Kr.) : tor. 
 /oranj/oiif, •tinnitu aliquenuiere(Kr.) 
 II. To give forth a ringing sound : 
 1." tiniiio, 4 (to tinkle) : the bell rj, 
 t. tlnlinnabulum. Pi. Trin. 4, 2, 162 : 
 Quint. : Cic. 2. linllno. 1 (rare) : my 
 ears r., L aures, Catul. 51, 11. 3. <"*- 
 
 sOno. I : v. RK.t<>tNI), RE-ECHO. |||. To 
 
 furnish uith a ring: Phr.: to r- 
 691
 
 RINGDOVE 
 
 RISE 
 
 It 1 S E 
 
 a pig, *anulum in rostrum suis in- 
 serere. 
 
 ringdove ; *columba palumbus : or 
 Cauda torquata (Linn.). 
 
 ring-finger ; digitus qui est minimo 
 proximus, Gell. lo, lo ; medicinalis, 
 Slacr. S. 1, I J, 7; *annularis (Kr.)- 
 
 ringing (part, ami adj.) : \. tin- 
 niens, ntis : o r. letter, t. littera, yuint. 
 12, 10, ji. 2. tinnulus, a r. voice, 
 t. vox, Catul. 61, ij. 3. clarisfiniis : 
 a r. voice, c. vox, Oatul. 64, j2i : v. so- 
 norous. P ii r. : to speak tiyith r. accev ts, 
 tinnire canora voce, PI. Poen. prol. jj. 
 
 ringing («"&«•) •■ tinnitus, lis .- togroi" 
 pale at the r. of the bell, or knocking at 
 the door, expavescere ad t. aeris aut 
 januae impulsum. Sen. Ira j, jj, j : a 
 noise and r. in the ears, sonitus atque t. 
 (aurium), Plin. 20, i;, 51. 
 
 ring-leader : the nearest word is 
 caput, itis, n. (Jthe head ; but in this 
 sense the pred. is otten in.) : the r.s of 
 that conspiracy were beheaded, capita 
 conjurationis ejus securi percussi, Liv 
 10, I : also by dux : v. leader, head. 
 
 ringlet : 1. cirrus (rare) : .Juv. i j, 
 165 : V. coRL, LOCK • adj., cirratus, Pers. 
 
 1. 29 2. cincinnus (ace. to Kr. this 
 is applied to artificial, as cirrus to 
 natural r.s : cf. Smith's I lict. Ant under 
 " Coma") ; the ends of his r.s dripping 
 (with ointments), raadentes cincinnorum 
 fimbriae, Cic. Pis. 11, 25: adj., cincin- 
 natus, id. Sest. 11, 26. Phr. : a r., 
 comarum anulus, Mart. 2, 66, 2 : wavy 
 rjs, similes fluctibus sinus, Ov. A. A. 
 i, 148. 
 
 ring-maker: anuiarius (ann.): Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 26, 86. 
 
 ringworm: prob. area, Cels. 6, 4: 
 he distinguishes two species, and adds, 
 hoc fere in infantibus (cf. (jk. 6(/)iao-i?) : 
 as a medic, t. t., * herpes cincinnatus: 
 
 V. also TETTER. 
 
 rinse : 1. coUuo, ui, Glum, j : 
 
 to r. out the mouth, c. os, Plin. 2j, 4, j8 
 (R. and A.): to r. the throat until it is 
 supple, c. mobile guttur, Pers. I, 17. 
 2. eluo, ui, iitum, i: tor. the mouth, 
 e. OS, Cels. j, 4 : v. wash odt. 
 
 rinsings (p')-" colluvies, em, e: 
 Dig. : Col. : Tac. ; V. EEFUSE. 
 
 riot (suhs.) : I. Uproar, breach of 
 the peace : 1, turba (prop, a crowd : 
 esp. pi. in this sense) : r. and uproar, 
 turba et confusio, Cic. Rep. i, 4; : to 
 raise a great r., maximas I. efficere, id. 
 Verr. 5, 12, Jl : if you begin a- r., si 
 (|ai( quam turbae coeperis, Ter. Eun. 4, 
 7, jo: seditions and r.s amongst the 
 people, seditiones t. que populares, Qviint. 
 
 2, 16, 2. 2. turbella (rare : in pi. 
 mostly; a roiv, shindy): to raise a r., 
 t. facere, PI. Bac. 4, 9, 1 54. 3. tumultus, 
 lis (a violent commotion) : noise and r., 
 strepitus atque t., Caes. B. G. 2, 11; 
 there was niit a r., neitlier was there 
 tranquillity, non t., non quies, Tac. H. 
 
 I, 40: V. TnMDLT, DPROAR. 4. "Xa 
 
 (prop, a quarrel bet ireen two ; otten in 
 the wider sense) : owing to the concourse 
 of people there was a r. and almost a 
 battle, concursu horainum r. ac prope 
 proelium fuit, Liv. 2, i8, oti init. Join: 
 turba atque r., Cic. Verr. 4, 66, 148. 
 II, Disorderly living, excess : expr. 
 by comissatio, bacchatio, v. revelry : 
 or by luxuria, v. extravagance. J'o 
 run r., luxiirio, or -or, i : to run r. in 
 liberty, libertate 1., Curt. 10, 7, 11. 
 
 riotC"). I. To raise a disturbance: 
 expr. by turbas eflBcere, Cic. Verr. 5, 12, 
 ji. II, To run riot: v. preced. art., 
 and bevel. 
 
 rioter : best expr. by a phr. : turbae 
 ac tumultus concitator, Liv. 2;, 4, ad 
 Jin. : so many thousand r.s, tot rixantis 
 millia turbae, Juv. 15, 61 : v. also re- 
 veller. 
 
 riotous : I. Disorderly, noisy : 
 
 nearest word turbulentus (troublesome, 
 seditiout): a r. assembly t. contio, Cic. 
 Mil 22, 58 : a crowd is usually r., turba 
 plemmque est t., Varr. in Gell. 1?, 11 : 
 V. TtTRBDLENT, dlsorderly. ||. Extra- 
 vagant, debauched : 1. dissoliitus : 
 V. DLssoLHTK. 2. comissSbundus : v. 
 692 
 
 REVELLING. 3. lUXlirioSUS : V. EXTRA- 
 VAGANT. 
 
 riotously ; turbOJente, Cic. : v. tu- 
 MULTUOUSLV, NorsiLY. Phr.' to liver,, 
 Bacchanalia vivere, Juv. 2, i. 
 
 rip : V. tear, cut ■ to r. up, haurio, 
 si, stiim, 4: to r. ry? the thigh, h. femur, 
 Ov. M. 8, J7I : to r. up the belly, h. ven- 
 trem, Liv. 7, 10, ad fin. 
 
 ripe : 1. maturus (superl. usu. reg. : 
 maturrinius in Tac. A. 12. 6; : in fig. 
 sense, foil, by a gen. of the object in 
 which, a dat. or very rarely ace. with 
 ad of that/iTT which anything or person 
 is r.): a r. grape, uva m., Virg. E. 10, 
 j6. Fig.- when your age shall have 
 groum r., quum m. adoleverit aetas, id. 
 Aen. 12, 4J8 : r. in years, m. aevi, id. ib. 
 ;, 7? : r.for command, m. imperio, Liv. 
 I, J, init. : v. perfect. 2. perma- 
 tiirus (thoroughly r.) ; pears not quite r., 
 pira non p., Cels. 6, ij, ad fin. : Col. 
 3. tempestivus (seasonable, full 
 groivn) : r. fruit, t. fructus, Cic. Off. 2, 
 
 4, 14. Fig. : r.for heaven, t. coelo, Ov. 
 M. i;, 584: Hor. 4. coctus (prop, a 
 part.). Join: maturus et c, Cic. Sen. 
 19, 71. 5. praecox, c6cis, also -coquis, 
 is, and -coquus (r. before its time) : figs 
 r. before their time, praecoques fici. Col. 
 
 5, 10 : V. premature. 6. expr. by 
 matiiratus (prop, a part.) : a r. grape, 
 uva m., Cic. Sen. 15, 5; : v. the vb. 
 Phr.: iwt to be far from r., non mul- 
 tum a maturitete abesse, Caes. B. C. i, 
 48 : the r. vmderstanding of Galhts, 
 maturitas Galli, Tac. H. i, 87. (N.B.— 
 Maturum judicium in Cic. Caecin. j, 7, 
 is a quick apprehension and judgment.) 
 
 ripen: I, Trans.; 1, maturo, 
 I : tor. grapes, m. uvas, Tib. i, 4, 19 : 
 Cic. 2. c6quo, xi, ctum, j (to r. by 
 heat) : fruit r.d by sunshine, fructus 
 solibus a>ctus, Plin. 12, 5, 11: Varr. 
 3. perc6quo, xi, ctum, j (to r. tho- 
 roughly) : Sen. Ben. 7, }i, 2 : Ov. Phr. : 
 to r. anything, ad maturitalem perducere, 
 Plin. 19. 3, 15, ad fin. : v. perfect. 
 II. Intrans.: 1. matiiresco, rui, 
 i : the crops r., frumenta m., Caes. B. 6. 
 
 6, 29: the boil r.s of itself, furunculus 
 maturescit per se, Cels. 5, 28, 8 : if his 
 good qualities had r.'d, si vtrtutes ejus 
 maturuisseiit, Plin. Ep. ;, 9. 2. per- 
 nialiiresco, rui, } (to grow quite r.) : 
 Ov. M. 4, 165. 3. ematiirescc), rui, i 
 (rare) : Gell. 2, 29 : Plin. Phr.: to r., 
 ad mat\iritntem pervenire, niaturitatem 
 adipisci, Plin. ij, 4, 7; 19, 5, 2J. 
 
 ripeness : matiiritas : the r. of fruits, 
 m. Irugum, Cic. Tusc. i, 28, 68: season- 
 able r., m. tempestiva, id. Sen. 2, 5. 
 Fig.: r.of years, m. aetatis, id. Fam. 
 4. 4. 4- 
 
 ripple (subs.) : fluctlciilus : the r.s 
 being lightly stirred, leviter niotis f., 
 Apul. Apol. 296, extr. : v. foil. art. 
 
 ripple ( I')." no precise equiv. : the 
 nearest is trepido (to tremble), 1 : the 
 water r.s with a murmur, aqua trepidat 
 cum murmure, Hor. Ep. I, 10, 21 : the 
 foil, passages also contain the idea : ut 
 mare fit tremulum tenui cum stringitur 
 aura, Ov. H. 11, 75: of a com field: 
 (segetes) lenibus horrescunt flabris, 
 Virg. G. }, 199: cf. id. Aen. j, 19;. 
 
 rise ("•) ■■ I. To move uptvards, 
 become h iglier .• 1. surgo, surrexi, sur- 
 rectum. j : to r. from one's seat, s. de 
 sella, Cic. Verr. 4, 65, 147 : to r. from 
 one's couch, s. e lectulo, id. Off. "?, ji, 
 112: tor. to speak, s. ad dicendum. id. 
 de Or. 2, 78, J16: tite sun r.s, sol surgit, 
 Hor. S. I, 9, 7 J: tor. before daybreak, 
 s. ante lucem, Cic. Inv. 2,4, 1 ; (cf cum 
 sole expergisci, id. Att. ij, j8, and the 
 v. AWAKE) : the crops r., messes surgunt, 
 Virg. G. I, 161. Fig. : to r. above prose, 
 super prosam s.. Quint. 10, i, 81 : v. 
 
 ASCEND, MOUNT, SOAR. 2. eXSUrgO, 
 
 surrexi, } : prithee r., exsurge quaeso, 
 Cic. Plane. 42, 102 : the mountain-range 
 r.s from the sea-shore, mons a mari ex- 
 surgit, Plin. 5, 27, 27. Fig.: tlie re- 
 public will r., respublica exsurget, Cic. 
 Fam. 12, 10. 4. J o i n ; e. atque erigere 
 se, id. Agr. 2, J 2, 87. 3. consurgo, sur- 
 rexi, surrectum, } (to )■. in a bod,y) ; nor 
 
 can bodies r. into the air, nee corpors 
 possunt c. in auras, Lucr. 6,1019: they 
 all rose out of respect to him, consur- 
 rexere omnes illi, Cic. Sen. 18, 6j : the 
 council r.s, consurgitur (impels.) ex 
 consilio, Caes. B. G. 5, }i. 4. assurgo. 
 surrexi, surrectum, j (to r. to; esp., 
 conslr. with dat., to r. in honour of) : 
 to r. to a height of 7 ells, septem a. in 
 ulnas, Virg.G. j, 555 : to r. out of respect 
 fir their elders, a. majoribus natu, Cic. 
 Inv. I, JO, 48. Fig.: nor does comedy r. 
 to the height of tragedy, neque comoedia 
 cothurnis assurgii, Quint. 10, 2, 22. 5. 
 insurgo, surrexi, surrectum, j : at their 
 rear rose a vood, pone tergum insurgebat 
 silva, Tac. A. 2, 16. Fig.: sometimes he 
 r.s (in style), aliquando insurgit, Quint. 
 10, I, 96. 6. desiirgo, surrexi, } (very 
 rare) : to r.from supper, d. coena, Hor. 
 
 5. 2, 2, 77. 7. orior, ortus, i and 4 
 (fut. part, oriturus) : to r. into view : 
 esp. of the heavenly bodies : the stars r., 
 astra oriuntur, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 41 : a 
 cloud was r.ing, nubes oriebatur, Plin. 
 Ep. 6, 16: a JUnoer r.s, flos oritur, Ov. 
 M. 10, 212. 8. exorior, ortus, 5 and4: 
 the dog-star r.s, Canicula exoritur, Cic. 
 Div. 2, 44, 9J: Virg. 9. emergo, si, 
 sum, i (to r. out, issue. from: constr. 
 either as neut. or reflect.): a serpent 
 rose f 10m ttie altar, ab ara anguis emersit, 
 Cic. I)iv. I, jj, 72: to r.Jrom a river, 
 e. e flumine, id. ib. 2, 68, 140. Fig.: 
 laics trodden under foot r. some time or 
 other, aliquando emergunt demersae 
 leges, id. Off. 2, 7, 24 (notice the change 
 oi metaph.). 10. very freq. expr. by 
 vbs. denoting to raise, either with re- 
 flect, pron. or in the pass, voice : to r., 
 erigere se, Cic. Fin. ?, 15, 42 : tollere, id. 
 Tusc. 5, I ?, 57 : extoUere, Catul. 62, 50: 
 attollere, Ov. M. 4, 722; levare, id. ib. 2, 
 428 : to cease to r. higher, allius se effe- 
 rendi finem facere, Cic. Tusc. i, 19, 4J : 
 smoke r.s, erigitur tunius, Virg. Aen. 9, 
 259 : sound naturally r.s, sonus natura 
 in sublime fertur, Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141 : a 
 cloud rose into the air, nubes elata (est) 
 in altum, Plin. Ep. 6, 16. Phr.: light 
 bodies r., levia in sublime t«ndunt, PUn. 
 2, 5, 4 : the barometer r.s, * argentum 
 
 I vivuni in barometro toUittir, sursum 
 tendit (Kr.) : idympus r.s into the 
 chnuls, nubes suspexit Olympus, Lucan 
 
 6, 477 : mountain chains that r. into the 
 clouds, excedeiitia in monies juga, Plin. 
 27, I, I : the newly risen sun, sol recens, 
 Pers. ;, 54 ; the rivers r., fluiiiinacrescunt, 
 Virg. G. I, J26: food r.s on my stomach, 
 perh. *cibum meum regustn, cf. Sen. 
 Prov. J, 1} : to r. to the hope of liberty, 
 ad spem libertatis exardescere, Cic. Phil. 
 
 4, extr. : their spirits rose, crevere animi, 
 id. Manil. 15, 45. ||, E s p. : to ad«aric« 
 in rank or dign ity : 1, emergo, si, sum, 
 J : tor. to the highest wealth, ad summas 
 e. opes, Lucr. 2, i j : it is incredible hont 
 greatly the states have risen, Incredibile 
 est quantum civitates emerserint, Cic 
 Att. 6, 2, admed. 2. insurgo, surrexi, 
 suirectum, j : Caesar began to r. by de- 
 grees, Caesar i. pauUatim, Tac. A. 1,2. 
 
 3. cresco, crevi, cretum, } (togroiv) .- 
 an opportunity of r.ing in the senate, 
 crescendi in curia occasio, Liv. i, 46.- 
 to r. by one's oiin exertions, per se c, 
 Caes. B. G. 1 , 20. P h r. : to r. to honours, 
 ascendere ad honores, Cic. Brut. 68, 241 • 
 to r. one step in rank, unum ascendere 
 gradum dignitatis, id. Mur. 27, 55 : to r. 
 to a liiglier position, in altiorom locum 
 pervenire, id. Rose. Am. JO, 85. |||. To 
 proteed from, begin to exist : 1, firior, 
 ortus, J and 4 : a storm rises, tempestas 
 oritur, Nep. Tim. j, j : the Tigris r.s in 
 the cnuntry of Armenia, Tigris oritur in 
 regione Armeniae, Plin. 6, 27, Ji : Caes. 
 (N.B. — In most other phrr. the form arise 
 is used : v. ARISE, flow froih. proceed.) 
 2. c56rior, ortus, j and 4 a wind 
 having risen, vento coorto, Caes. B. G. 
 
 5. 4J. 3. surgo, surrexi, surrectum, j : 
 what thought now r.s in your mindf 
 quae nunc animo sententia surgit? Virg. 
 Aen. 1, 582 : Tac. : v. spring dp. 4. 
 consurgo, surrexi, surrectum, J : the 
 winds are r.ing, <onsurgunt venti. Virg. 
 
 I
 
 RISE ABOVE 
 
 RIVALRY 
 
 ROAD 
 
 Aen. ;, 9: Quint 5, nascor, natos, } 
 (to come fortli, itsue) : r., vther in the 
 day. nascere, diemque age, Virg. K. 8, it 
 (of the ujorning siar) : o river rj in a 
 swaiiip, ex palude nascitur amois, Plin. 
 j6, 26, 6; : a hill rose from the river, ab 
 eo flumine collis nascebatur, Caes. B. G. 
 2,18. IV. /b increase ; cresco, augeor : 
 V. INCREASE. Ph r. : ttie u-ind r.i, ventus 
 iDcrebrescit. Cic. Fam. 7, zo, } : his anger 
 rjhiglier, altius surgunt irae, Vlrg. Aen. 
 10, 8l? (assurgunl. id. ib. 12,494): the 
 market r.s, pretia (in inimensum), exar- 
 descant. Suet. 'I'.b. J4: annona ingra- 
 vescit, Cic. [)oni. 5, 11. V. To break 
 out into retttUion : 1. coiisurgo, sur- 
 rexi, surrectuin, j : to r. in armt, c. in 
 anna, Virg. Aen. 10, 90: to r. in open 
 war, c. ad bellum, Liv. 10, u. 2. cd- 
 Orior, ortus, j and 4: the nations luive 
 risen against us, coortae in nos gentes, 
 Tac. H. I. 2 : Liv. : v. bkbel, bevolt. 
 rise above : 1. sQpdremineo, 2 
 
 (both act. and neut.) : tor. a hi-ad above 
 all, collo tenus s. omUfS, Ov. M. ;, 182 : 
 Virg. ; V. suBMouvr, overtop. 2. su- 
 p4ro, I : the peaks r. above the clouds, 
 superant cacumiiia nubes, Ov. M. 1, 517 : 
 Virg. ; Liv. 3, exsiipdro, i : the .Vtte 
 r.« above 16 cubits, Niliis xvi. cublla ex- 
 Buperai, Plin. 18, 18, 4'3. Phr. : the 
 water that has risen above the land, 
 supeijectum aequor. Hor. Od. i, 2, 12. 
 
 again : 1. rSsurgo, surrexl, 
 
 surrectuni, } ; an effort to r. again, 
 nisus ad resurgendiini, Tac. A. j, 46 : 
 the fortunes of Home ivere r.ing again, 
 res Komana resurgebat, Liv. 24, 45, ad 
 init. : Hor. : in iheol. sense, Min. Fel. 
 Oct II, 7; Vulg. 2. rgvivi-ico, vixl, } 
 {to come to life ayaiyt) .- suppose Curius 
 were to r. again, reviviscat Curius, Cic 
 Parad. j, 2, ad fin. 
 
 rise (*"i«-) •" I. The act of ascend- 
 ing : Lit: V. RisiXG. Fig.: 1. 
 orrus, us : the r. of the tribunician 
 pov.-er, o. tribuniciae potestatis, Cic. 
 Leg. J, 8, 19 : v. beginkisg, origin. 
 2. ascensio (rare) : the r. of orators 
 I'to perfection), a. oratorum, Cic. Brut. 
 j6, 1J7. 3. ascensus. us: the r. to a 
 hig)i«r and more honourable post, ad 
 honoris amplioris gradum a.. Lex in Cic. 
 L«g- }< i, !■ II. increnientum : v. 
 
 INCREASE. 
 
 give : 1. pario, peperi, pari- 
 
 tum or partum, j {to give birtli to) : to 
 give r. to pain, dolorem, Cic. 1-in. 1,15, 
 
 49: V. PRODUCE, CAUSE, OCCASION. 2. 
 
 gigno, g§nui, geniiuni, j (to beget) : anger 
 gave rise to enmities, genuit ira ininii- 
 citias, Hor. Kp. i, 19, 49: this virtue 
 gives r. to friendship, haec virtus gignit 
 amicitiam, Cic. Am. 6, 20. 3. sero. 
 sevi, satutu, j (to sow: oft. in connect, 
 with causa) ; to give r. to civil disconls, 
 6. civiles discordias, Liv. j, 40 : v. ori- 
 ginate. Phr.: to give r. to suspicion, 
 dare locum suspicionis, Cic. Coel. 4, 9 ; 
 suspit'ionem (alicujus), Caes. B. G. 7, 54 : 
 although even that gave r. to no suspi- 
 cion, qiianquam ne id quidcni suspi- 
 ciomm habuerit, Cic. Plane. 22. 5 5. 
 
 riser: an early-y., tempestivus, I'lin. 
 29. ?, 2;. 
 
 risibility : * ridendi facultas. 
 
 risible : rislbilis occurs in Mart. 
 Cap. 4, 12 J: expr. rather by phr. with 
 ridere. 
 
 rising (.subs.) -. |. The act ofascend- 
 ""P ■■ 1. onus, us : the r. nf the sun 
 and moon, o. solis et lunae (opp. to 
 occasus, obiius), Cic. Div. i, 56, 128. 
 
 2. ex.jrtiis, ts AucL Her. j, 22, ;6. 
 
 3. ascensus, us : the r. of the stars 
 into our hemisphere, a. siderum, Plin. 29, 
 3, 15: v. AstE.vr. Plir. : the r. of tite 
 Nile, auctus, iucrementum Nili, .Sen. 
 Q. N. 4, 2, 7 : PUii. : a r. in Oie stomach. 
 restagnatio alvi, id. 11, J7, 66: perh. 
 also nausea. Sen. Kp. ;?. j : the r. again 
 from the dead. v. REscBKEcriON. ||_ 
 Jn insurrection : 1. motus, us: a r. 
 of the staves, m. servilis, Liv. jq, 29: 
 a r. of the populace, ni. populi, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 48, 199. 2. tamultus, us (a 
 sudden war ; esp. within the limits of 
 Italy v. Diet. Ant.): a r. of the slaves. 
 
 t. servilis, Caes. B. G. I, 40. 3. r6- 
 belllo (a war on the part of a con- 
 quered people) : v. revolt, rmellion. 
 (N.B. — In.-iurreetio is not class.) |||. A 
 swelling; tumor: v. swelling. TCMOUR, 
 
 rising {part, and adj.): i'hr. : r. 
 ground, eollis pauUuluiii ex plaiiitie 
 editus, Caes. B. G. J, 8: locus paulatim 
 (gently) ab imo acclivis, id. ib. j, 19 • 
 r. temples, nascentia tenipla, ilart. 6, 4, 
 i : Cic : a very r. young man, adolescens 
 summa gpe et aniuii et ingeuii praeditus, 
 id. Phil. 2, 18, 46. 
 
 risk (subs.) : 1. pfiriculum (contr. 
 p6ritlum : danger) : doubtful rs, dubia 
 p., Luer. J, 55 : at my oun r., meo pcrl- 
 culo, Cic. Sest 52, iii : to do a thing at 
 one's own r., rem periculi sui facere, 
 Trypb. Dig. 2;, 5, 16: to run a r., p. 
 adire, (^c. Off. I, 24, 8j : suscipere, id. 
 Mur. 56. 76: in periculnm se mittere, 
 AuctHer. ). 5, 8: coramittere, Cic. Inv. 2, 
 8, 27: periculo se committere. Id. Manil. 
 II, ii: the r. of an€s life. p. vitae, Cic. 
 Cat 2, 2, J : capitis. Rose. Am. }8, iio: 
 mortis, id. Caecln. 29, 8? : loithout r., 
 bono p., Apul. Apol. p. }20: with great 
 r., periculose {adv.), Cic. 2. alea 
 
 ^prop. a die ; hence hazard) : a great r., 
 a. grandis, Ov. A. A. 1, 576- r. of life, 
 a. vitae, Varr. R. R. i, 4, } . to 7-un 
 the doubtful r. of dominion or servi- 
 tude, ire In dublam imperii ser\'itiique 
 a., Liv. I, 2j. 3. discrimen, inis, n. 
 (crisis): v. TURNING -point. Join, 
 periculum ac d., Cic. Manil. ;, 12 : peri- 
 culuni d.que, id. Off. i, 41, 154. 
 
 risk (v.) . pcriclitor (more freq. neut. 
 than act. in this sense, and constr. with 
 abl. or inf.) : to r. one's character for 
 ability, p. fama ingenii, Liv. 40, 15, ad 
 fin. : tliat their life should be r.'d, ut 
 vita periclilaretur. Caes. B. G. 6, 34 : 
 to r. the welfare of the republic, p. salu- 
 tem reipublicae, Cic. Cat i, 5, 11 : 
 
 V. ENDANGKR, VENTURE. Phr.. tO r. 
 
 the fortunes of the army, fortunas exer- 
 citus in dubium devocare, Oes. B. G. 
 6, 7 : her life will be r.'d, vita in dubium 
 veniet Ter. Ad. j, 2, 42 : to r. one's 
 all, dare sumuiam rerum in aleam, Liv. 
 42, 59, ad fin. 
 rite : ritus, us : v. ceremont. 
 
 ritual (.adj.) : ritualis, Fest. : v. 
 
 CEREMONIAL. 
 
 ritnal (subs.) : liber ritualis, Fest. 
 (of eeriain Ktrascan books on r.). 
 
 ritualist : perh. • caerimoniarum 
 sacranini dillgentissimus. 
 
 ritually : rituallter, Auct apud 
 Anim. 29, I, 29. 
 
 rival (subs.) : 1. rivalis, is, com. 
 (r. in love) : to be one's r., r. esse alicui, 
 Ov. Am. 2, 19, 60 : to have no r., amare 
 sine rivali (prov.), Hor. A. P. 444 : Cic. 
 
 2. aemiilus (strictly an aiij. : but 
 also used subst. wiih foil, gen.) : without 
 a r., remoto a., Tac. A. j, 8 : ' arthage, 
 the r. of the Roman poirer, Carthago Ro- 
 uiaiii aemula imperii. Sail. C. 10: Cic. 
 
 3. competitor (a competitor) : CSc. 
 Off. I, 12, j8: — /. -trix.id. Mur. 19,40. 
 (N.B. — Coamator is of doubtful autho- 
 rity.) 4. concertator (one who vies 
 with another) : a r. in tIte art of war, 
 c. scientlamilitiae, Tac. A. 14, 29. Phr. : 
 to be (political) r.s, obtrectare inter se. 
 Nep. Arist. t, i : to play the r., aemu- 
 latus agere, Tac. A. 1;, 46. 
 
 rival ("•) •■ aemulor, i (in a good 
 sense, with ace., rarely dat. : in a bad 
 .sense, to be envvjus or jealous of, usu. 
 withda<.).- to r. I'indar, a. Pindarum, 
 Hor. Od. 4, 2, I : on the word it>olf ct. 
 
 Cic. TUSC. 4, 26, 56: V. EMULATE, VIE 
 
 WITH. I'lir. : lips that r. the roses, 
 aennila labra rosis. Mart. 4, 42, 10. 
 
 rivalry : 1. aemulatio (both In a 
 good and in a bad sense ; cf.CJic. Tusc. 4, 
 8, 17). there was a bitter r. t>etween 
 them, a. iiifens;i exercebatur Inter eas, 
 lac. A. I J, 19: Cic. (N B.— The form 
 aemnlaius, us i.ccurs in Tac.) 2. ri- 
 viilitas(o/ r. in love): Cic. I use. 4, 26, 
 56. 3. certamen, inis. n. (a struggle) : 
 a r. in hmuur and preferment, c. ho- 
 noris et dignitatis, Cic. Off. i, 12. j8: 
 
 V. CONTEST. 
 
 rive : disdndo, cldi, ciaEum, j : ▼ 
 
 TEAR, SPLIT. 
 
 nver (mbt.) : l. fliimen, Inis, n. 
 (the mobl Cijmmon term) : a winding r., 
 curvum f., Vlrg, G. 2, 12 tlie r. u-indi 
 among tlie valleys, 1. ui.-inuat 1^ inter 
 valles. Liv. j2, IJ: deep-cliaunelUji rj, 
 cava f., Virg. G. i, J26: a wonderfully 
 gentle r., incredibili lenltate (..Caes. B. G. 
 1,12- up tlie r., adverso flumine : down 
 the T., secundo f, id. B. G. 7. 60: tV 
 advantages arising from r.s, fluminum 
 opportuniiatcB, Cle. N. D. 2, 5J, l}2. 
 T r a n 8 f. : a r. of blood, f. sangululo. 
 
 Lucr. 2, J 54 v. STREAM, lORBEXT. 
 
 2. fliivlus (gen. pi. fluvium. VaL 
 
 Fl. 6, joi : flQvjorum. Virg. G. i, 482 . 
 
 not in Caes.) : a r. ocertliadowed with 
 
 trees, f. opacus, Virg. Aen. 7, }6 . on 
 
 the banks of a r. uhicli JUabs into the 
 
 Hlack Sea, apud fluvium qui in Punlum 
 
 : influit, Cic. Tusc. 1, 19. 94. 3. amnls, 
 
 is, m. (jUnving water, cl. Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 
 
 I 20 : not In Caes.) : a r. rich in gold, 
 
 aurifer a., Catul. 29, 20 : ar. that never 
 
 I runs dry, perennis a., Cic. Rep. 2, 5 : a 
 
 ; navigaJjh r., a. navium patieiis, Liv. ji, 
 
 '. }i: a r.fuU offordt, a. vadosus, Virg. 
 
 I Aen. 7, 728 : brimming r.s, pleni a., 
 
 Ov. M. I, 544: swollrn r.s, Inflati a., 
 
 Liv. 40, }i : onejiows like a tranquil r., 
 
 the other rushes on mi/re rapidly, alter 
 
 quasi sedatus a. fluit alter incitalior 
 
 fertur, Cic. Or. 12, 19. (N.B. — On the 
 
 form of the atil. ct. the comment on Liv. 
 
 32, 10.) Phr.: to ruth into the r., in 
 
 aquam mere, id. I, 27, ad fm.: v-iUows 
 
 that grow beside r.s, amnlcolae salices, 
 
 Ov. M. 10, 96. 
 
 river- (adj) •■ 1. fluviatlljs : r.- 
 torloises, f. testudines, Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 
 124. 2. fluvialls: r.-reed, f. arundo, 
 Virg. G. 2, 414. 3. fliiviatlcus; r.- 
 sand, arena (., Vitr. 1. 2. 8 : Col. 4. 
 flumineus (belonging to a r.) : r.-water, 
 f. aqua, Ov. K. 2, 46 : r.-fowl, f. volncres, 
 id. M. 2, 2?J. 5. amnlcus: a r.-reed, 
 a. calamus, Plin. 16, }6, 66, ad init. 
 (N.B. — The form fluminalis occurs only 
 in Coel. Aur. : Klumentanus only in F. 
 porta. t?u r.-gate of Rome.) 
 
 river-bed: aiveus, Liv. 21, ji: «. 
 fluminjs, Virg. Aen. 7, j}. 
 
 river-bpm : ainnigSna, Val. FL 6, 
 J91 (as a/lj. c.f } term, in Auson.). 
 
 river-god: no equiv. : rivers were 
 worshipped imder the form of bulls 
 (tauriformis. Hor. Od. 4, 14, 25: Virg. 
 Aen. 8, 77) : Ovid addresses a river 
 (.Vm. J, 6, q. v.) simply as "amnls:" 
 *nunien flumlnis (Kr.). 
 
 river-borse : hippSpfiiimus, Plin. 
 8, 25, }<)■■ 'Hippopotamus amphiblua, 
 Linn. 
 
 rivet (.subs.) : nearest expr. perh. 
 ansa (ferrea), in Vitr. 2, 8, 4 : in a looser 
 sense compago, inis, /. (fastening) .- 
 sometimes also clavus, v. nall, and 
 foil, art 
 
 rivet(i')- I. '''^: •ansa(fem.., 
 compingere. ||. Kig. : clavo traboll, 
 quemacSnodum dicitur, figere, Cic. Verr. 
 5. 21, 5J: V. CLINCH: tlie circumttance 
 r.'d their attentitm, res oculls animisqua 
 immobiles eos detixit, Liv. 21, }}. 
 
 rivulet : nvus, nvulus : V. BILL : 01 
 expr. by flumen, Virg. E. 9, 40. 
 
 rix-dollar : •iniperlalis; thaleruo 
 Iniperiulis (Kr.). 
 
 roach.: 'leuciseus rutllus: Cuvier. 
 
 road : 1. ^''^ ■ '^eie are three rJ 
 . . . tres' viae, Flamlnia. . Aurelia. . . 
 Cassia, Cic. Phil. 12. 9, 22 : by a hot and 
 dusty r., aestuosa et pulvirulenla via, 
 id. Att. 5, 14: o very bad r., via detcr- 
 riuia, Ib. 9, 9, 2 : to have granted a r 
 through the farm, viam i>er fundum de- 
 disse.id.Caecin. 10, 26. Vbr.: on the r., 
 inter viam. Id. Att 4. i.alr : inter viae, 
 Ter. Eun. 4, 2, i. Via may be some- 
 times understood: by some r.. aliqua, 
 Liv. 26, 27 : by which r. qua. id. ^4, 29: 
 by whaievr r.. quaeuiique, Cic. verr. 
 I, 16, 44: a paitd r., strati (via): of an 
 old r., stratue veieris, Eutrop. 9, 15: v. 
 below. 2. R*""". Ulnfris. ri. (route; 
 whtther an artificially formed r or not): 
 tliere uere tied ra., erant doo itinera, 
 69}
 
 ROAD 
 
 ROBBER 
 
 ROOK 
 
 Paps B G I, 6 : 07! the r., in ilinere, 
 LW 25 19 : ex itinere (w/.en a Utter, 
 messenger: etc., is despatched from^on^ 
 ■me en route), Sail. Cat. J4- 3- ^^; 
 mita (prop, a narrow patk) : to naie 
 ref.arned by the sarm r., eadem senuU 
 revertisse. Cic. Verr. 2, 2J. 5]- *• 
 limes, itis. m. (prop. a c™«-f°f„\: 
 ilso in gen. sense): by c> oss 7 s^rans 
 jersis I., Liv. 22, i2: by a brocui and 
 ■men r lato et patente I., id- J4' '<>• 
 /S Aen 9, J2J 5. trames, it.s, m. 
 & a ^OSS-road or bypath) : by an 
 ^Z7r: faciU t.. Virg. Aeu. 6 6,6: by 
 cross r.s., transversis t.,Liv. 2- J9- ?• 
 a«ger, eris, 7ri. (prop the raised coniex 
 ^rt of a r.): joined with viae V.^g- 
 Aen ? Hi- V. Serv. ad 1.: in later 
 Writers without viae: a r. pa^^th 
 flint, agger silice crustatus, S'don. h^ 
 ',,5 antiquus a., id. Carm^ 24. 5- »^ 
 iJelian r., Aurelius a K"t. i, ^• 
 P h r • a royal r., or short cut : via cora- 
 pendiaria, Cic. 0^ 2 "• 4!= compeu- 
 dium viae, Plin. H. N. 5. 5. $ J8- '""^ 
 pendium, Tac. Ann. 12, 28. 
 
 contracted for p.ing the rs ^^^^l 
 uendas siUce locaverunt, Liv. 4i. ^7 • "* 
 live a r. n>ith stone, s. viam lap'de Ulp. 
 Dig 4J, XI. I = V. above (1). 2. m™ »• 
 
 1- g^falso Cic. Mil. r in: HannM 
 Lcte r.s. itinera """""^ ^ep Hann J 
 On pmunio 4: '0 7«ate v.s throtign 
 far^Tand Lshes, silvas paludesque 
 e., Tac. Agr. Ji. ^g„^, ,^ 
 
 Ul7"Dig'T» .: ^ 2. (by raising 
 surface) aperio, ui. ertum, 4; iD. tf. 
 (by removing rubbish) puvgo. i : ib. 
 *- 1_. -making: viarum mumtio. 
 
 ".""SSt Of the : 1. ^"%= 
 cf.aviis itineribus Sail. Jug. 54- 2- 
 devius • a toii-rt lying out of tie 1., 
 doppidum. Cic. Pis. J6. 89 :d.et saves. 
 
 t. fu°d^?lue!.^AuVl4 :. r. «^;^. ^nv-ob 
 verba, id. Rhet. 6 : trlvialis sermo Arnob. 
 I n MI (Gauthier, p. 4?' Herald). 
 •?oid8tead (= offing), for sh.ps: 
 
 road8ter^^^_^^i._ .^ ^^^^ ^ , .^ 
 Vn I n ri 3. equusvectanus,Varr. 
 R R 2 1 5. Phr.: a 9O0d r.,equus 
 Si vehendiun mollis. Veget. Veter. 
 
 '^'roarn- 1. ^^gor, i: Hor. Od. x 
 
 longius evagatae Col. 81;, 14-'*.. 
 erro i: Virg. Aen. i, JJi- ^- strai, 
 
 rnnnipr' erro, onis: Hor. ». 2, 7. 
 i,j?^mp.Di6.2i.«.n.5x4:v.VAGA- 
 
 ^^"'.v.j^.T Cniii") • 1 errabundus, 
 roanung (a'Jj.) ■ g^-^^^ticus: r. 
 
 a';:rrattca'Delos,^V.Met.6 JU. 
 
 3 vagus: r./eet, vagi pedes, Ov. 
 
 \oai^g(-b-):^vagaiio.P.in.U.N. 
 
 ^' roan • 1 ravus : between yeVow and 
 ^raHn'ter flavos et caesios Vest 16. 
 ^ 2. rufus color albo maculatus, Gell. 
 
 *' roar («.) ■• 1. ^''^'^°' ""'• V- "** f "^ 
 rs . fremit ore cruento, Virg. Aen. 
 
 « 2ii ib I, 296: the Kin(fo r-,-... 
 ?;eL'untimmani?urbineventi.Ov.Tnst 
 
 1-7 2? 2 gemo, ui, j : the stiores 
 ofther.ing Bosporus, gementis l.ttora 
 Bospori, Hor. Od. 2. 20, 14- 3. ruao 
 S Pers.), rudl. and rudivi. rudi- 
 tSn J • (of ons) sub nocte rudentum. 
 Vh^ Aen. ,, 16 4. rugio. 4 rug- 
 nnt ieones, Spart- Get. 5- „ 5-..^''iX' 
 Bl 7 roi any harsh <<r7,) : fluvn slrep- 
 Mt nive turgidi, Hor. Od. 4. l^ 4- 
 6" Mo! I ('ebelfou.) : thxi hMven 
 '694 
 
 ,-.s «ntft the noise of m^n. boat coelum 
 fremitu virum, PI. Aniph I. I. 78. 
 
 Div I 18, J5: of a tiger: Plin H. N. 8, 
 182; 2 mugitus, iis (WJoiCTTig) : 
 r 'of t/t« twoocis, nemorum mugitus. 
 Plin H.N. 18, J 5. 86. 3. rugitus, us : 
 
 ^ToSSf:"'tfr.g^-:a 
 r tor^, f. toi^^ens, Virg. Aen 7, 566. 
 2 s5xi6rus: (/le r. fmp^fs, tem- 
 1 pestates s., ib. I. 5J. (N"''''^^ ^" "« 
 ,3edof— -J---->, Ui. 
 
 tostum 2- rcl\viU r. th^ entrails on 
 tllspits.in verubus torrebimus exta 
 columis, Virg. Georg. 2, J96; f/l f ^;. 
 Tiuts. casuneas t.. P"n. H. N. 15, 2... ^5 • 
 tlie wise nvan, thxm^h he be r.dmthe 
 bull of Phalaris, etiamsi. . . torreatur, 
 Tic Pis 18 42. 2. torrefacio, j (rare) : 
 Pol 6 1 4 3 ^rigo, xi, i {in a 
 
 Ji^'«2V^-to,4hor3eum...f..Plm^ 
 ff N 18 1, 14: Ov. 4. asso, 1 (a 
 cookery tem): ?«« ready t» be r.d 
 Z^Viat nre, super istura ignem por- 
 rSsassiri. Apul. Met. 2, 10. 119, t'lm- ■ 
 tor a pig's Uil: assare Jecus povcinum, 
 ADic 2 40. In same sense, part, inas- 
 ^s,Vasted- Fnn.n,^ ;o,^•^^■ 
 Tnr iliahttv, subasso, Apic. 4, I5i- . o. 
 C6QU0 xi^clum, J (to coofc): fairly 
 
 r -d egitimecoctus. Lactam. Mort. Pers. 
 r d. leg tin _ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^ ^^^„ . 
 
 clieracio contr. calfacio, } : Memmtus 
 MdwUr.-d Gobinius, Gabinium lucu- 
 
 iBntP calefecerat Memmius, Cic. Q. b 
 lente cale ece^ ^ ,^^ ^^^.^.^ verberan 
 
 d.Pis.26,6j. ^.v-=^-'^"riv"8 
 
 onera hunc maled.ct.s, ?'• ?- «' ^J/^V 
 roast, or roasted <M3)1. *^"* , '^• 
 
 .jras^um vitulinum, Cic. Fam^9;^^° ^ 
 r beef, assa bubula (caro), PI. Cure. 2 
 V 88 OS soon as you have mixed boiUd 
 and r together, simul assis miscuens 
 elixa, Hor.S. 2,2, IJ. 
 
 rnh- A Trans.: 1. rapio, ui, 
 ptum j tl^'hope of ring blinds their 
 Ss spes rapiendi occaecat aminos 
 
 'eorum cfc. PbiJ! 4, 4- 9 = «' ^P^'f,,^/, 
 iMrn to r. and steal, r. puen ac clepere 
 rcunt" C c. Rep. (Non.). 2. enpio, ui. 
 upturn J (always with object expre^ed 
 I oft dat. of indirect [personal] obj. also) 
 TfaZme-s injustice has r.'d a man of 
 his money, pecuniam [alicui] si al.cujus 
 leripuil injuria, Cic. Quint. X5, 49. ^• 
 sn61io. 1 (prop, to strip : with ace. 01 
 %sm and aOf! of thing) : you have r. d 
 TpZ^ius of all his sarer plule ornm 
 areento Apollonium spoliasti, C.c. Verr. 
 
 An n to be rjd of one's fortune 
 
 tpoliari fortunis ... . id. Plane 9, 22 
 1 ^4 exspolio, I : do not r. these of 
 ' your help, nolite hos vestro auxilio ex- 
 spoliare. Caes. B. G. 1, IT . 5. de- 
 sp61io. i : to be r.'d of a tHuniph, de- 
 s|)oliari triumpho, Liv. 45, i^- Jo 
 clmipilo, I (to r. a pUice or reposiU>ry) 
 Cic. Phil. J, 12, JO. 7. expilo. 1 (hke 
 preced.): if a father r.s tempUs. ^\ . - ■■ 
 fana expilet. id. Off. J, 2j, 9°- f. 
 laufero, abstiiU. ahlatum. 5. ;'-^-- f« 
 bought, not r.'d. emit non abstulit Cic. 
 ' Verr. 4, 20. 45- 9. iwdo, i (to lay 
 bare)- to r. of protection, praesidio n, 
 Auct.' I^m. I. 2. 10. adimo enii, 
 emtum, j (with dat. of person and ace 
 of thina) if chance had r.'d me of life. 
 si vium mlhi sors ademisset, Cic. Plane. 
 
 Al lOI ■ V. BEREAVE, PILLAGE, PLUNDER, 
 
 STRIP B Intrans.: latrocinor, 1 ; 
 who r 771 wnpany, qui una latrocin 
 Intur Cic. Off. Tn. 4o: »*«:'•« '"f .!»»: 
 teritu might r u-ith impunity ubi sm 
 posteri impune latrocinarentur. id. Mil. 
 
 '''rniiYier- 1. lafo: the penniless 
 trSrn^U whistU in ?';«''««« "■^'i^/-' 
 cantabit vacuus coram latrone viator, 
 ' \tn^xo. 22: r.s are said to have laws 
 leges laironum esse dicuntur, Cic. Off. 2, 
 II ^lo 2 praedo(/7eeboo{er,p7ra(e): 
 v.'piRATE. ■ 3. ereptor: a ro/pro- 
 perty, bonorum ereptor, Cic. Ciuint. 8. 
 
 50 4 raptor : Virg. : Prop.-4r. of 
 tempUs. sacrilggus: Cie. Leg 2 16,40: 
 a roftmnbs. buslirapus: PI. Ps. i , J. 
 ,42 a r. of clothes, grassator ■ Cic. Fat. 
 iV ?4: r.band, latrocmium. Cic. Cat. 
 I I J, 31 • »"• family, rapacidae. PI. Aul 
 ^'Jobbery: 1. latrocinium. ;win. 
 1 ishSof tlwse uho have been ariested 
 ' in the act of r.. qui in latrocmio.. 
 sint comprehensi, Ca^. B. G. 6. 16. 
 2 latrocinatio: Plin. H. JS. 19, 4. 
 iQ 6 ?q. 3. sp61iatlo {stripping) 
 rs of temples, spoliatioues fanorum, Cic 
 Verr. 4, 59, in. 4. raptus, us. to 
 assemble f^ plunder andT.s, ad praedam 
 et raptus congregare, lac. A. 2, 52- 
 P h r : to live by r., vivere ex rapto. Ov 
 Met I 144 rapto vivere, Liv. 7, 25. 
 
 robe (^Mbs.): A. In gen. sense; 
 vesUs, vestitus, vestimentum : v. dre^ 
 
 CLOTHES, GARMENT, MANTLE ete B. 
 
 In special sense; esp. a robe of state 
 
 1 trabea (worn by kings, augurs, 
 Icnights): conspicuous for hU Quiring 
 r yuirinali trabea msigms, Virg. Aen 
 ,;'6i2: wearing svch a r.. trabeatus, 
 rd knights, trabeati equites, Tac. A. 3.2. 
 2 paludamentum {military, for 
 generals): Liv. 25. i6../i«- •• ""ore fully 
 imperatorium P-.P^^-Jressedin such 
 a r , paludatus. Caes. : Cic. : Liv. 3. 
 chlamfs ydis, /. {Grecian military 
 fuT^'stltemantle): i.a.)fo.a^^n 
 a harper. . . with a purpU. r., eitha- 
 ^oeduB^.. eum cblamyde purpurea 
 Auct. ad Her. 4. 47. .60. . Q>.) for a 
 woman : dressed in a Sid^'^nr Sido- 
 niam cblamydem circumdata. Virg. Aen. 
 mam CD.a i ^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ 
 
 tctJlj: Hor: A. P. 278. Also worn 
 by deities, etc.; Ov. Met. 11. 166 •Stat 
 Phr : a man of the long r. (homo) 
 forensis. Quint. S^J^VJ^fT "^ 
 the r s. vestlspica, PI. Trin. i, *• ^9- 
 
 robe («.) chiefly in poet, or rhet 
 stvle 1 vestio, 4 : meT, who are rd 
 
 ilpurpU. quos ingens purpura vestit. 
 Tuv 1 1 15? : V. TO CLOTHE. 2. i"aup, 
 u^ atum. i (to attire) : the earth r.d in 
 it's many-coloured livery, tena vario 
 gramine induta. Petron. 127, 8. 
 ^robing-room : 1. -ni|r^ v^^- 
 
 tiana Cato, K. tt- n- *■ "i , ■» 
 rium. and in same pass. ojrofi«T.,piov . 
 
 Cic. Q. F. 3, I, 1. ^, _,.„ „ K 
 
 rnbin • 1. erithacus : Plin. H. t. . 
 
 ,0 44 2. *«ylvia rubecula: Vine. 
 
 Bourne. 3, riibisca : Du Cange. 
 — , ragged- ; *Ly=hnis flos cucuU, 
 
 ^'robust- 1. robustus. Hor. Od. 
 7 2 2 o/r. mind, robusti animi, Cic 
 Off ' I ' 20. 67 : mare r. {nourishing 
 food, fobustior eibus, Cels. 2, 18. 2. 
 •CaUdus: v. STRONG. 3. lacertesus. 
 tSrosus- V. MUScnLAB.. „ 4. firmus . 
 ,/ you were more r., si firmior esses, 
 
 *^'r„wiesi- 1. firmites:ffla- 
 
 corporis f., Cic. Ph. 2. 25, 63 : also f 
 valetudinis. Plin. 20, 5, w. 2. robur. 
 oris 7,. (poet.): your powers Stand firm 
 "n their oum r.. solidae stant lobore vires, 
 
 ^'7och^''''l ^'^i^^^op'sv^tm^. 
 romf. roehetum. supparum Uneum: 
 Hoffmann, Du Cange. ||. ^ fsn. 
 erythinus, Plin. H. N. 9, 16, 2J. 
 
 rnrk • 1 riipes : TiTider a to/<i/ r 
 rupf sui, aeria, Virg. Georg. 4; 5°8: «^« 
 loftiest r.s. altissimae rupes, Caes. B. tr. 
 1 10 2 sc6pulus (pointed) : impaled 
 himon ar.. s. infixit acuto. Virg Aen 
 7^c part V the oarsmen wei-e dashed 
 dqVinlthe r.s. pars ad scopulos allisa, 
 Paes B C 7,27. Melon, for d#c«««;s: 
 youwouldnever have brought your plans 
 i contact ivith those r.s.nix^^^r^^l 
 eos scopulos appulisses, C c. Kab Peri 
 q 2; 3 cautes, is,/, (sharp r.): so 
 that they had no need to J ear. ■■■r.s. 
 ut .nihil.... cautes timerent, Caes. 
 B G } u: the r. of Marpesus. Mar- 
 pesia cautes, Virg. Aen. 6 471. 4^ 
 ^xum {any solid mass of sto««)- «A« 
 tribUTies cast him dxnm from the Tar-
 
 ROCK 
 
 ROLL 
 
 l{ O L L 
 
 peian r.. <le ». 1 arjieio aejtcfrunt, Liv. 
 
 6, 20 ■ hidden r.s, s. latentia, Virg. Aen. 
 I, io8 : Aiixar, situate on gleaming r.s, 
 positum 8. caiidentibus, Hor. S. i, 5, 26. 
 
 6. p«»tra (a Greek word : rare in Lat.) : 
 sea-mews build in r.s, gaviae in petris 
 aedificatit, Plln. H. N. 10, }2, 48: sea- 
 iveed whicfi grows on r.s near laud, 
 quae. . . juxta terram in petris nascitur, 
 ib. }2, b, 22. Phr. : living in r.s, 
 Haxatilis : one kind (0/ fiiyeim) the r. 
 pigeon, unum genus saxaiile, Var. K. K. 
 }, 7 : mad/- of or into r., saxeus .\iobe 
 turned into r., saxea facta, Ov. I'ont. 
 
 1, 2, J2. Fig., for imViout freling : 
 saxeus ferreusque es, Plin. Kp. 2, j, 7. 
 
 rock (w) ■• A. I' r a n ». : 1. 
 
 mdveo, 2: cf. Mart, j, 40, i. Also/re- 
 quent. mo'o, 1 : tor. their tops (of oaks), 
 m. cacumina, Virg. E. 6, 28. 2. "gl- 
 to, I : (t/ie huge pine) is r.'d bi/ wimU, 
 ventis agilatur, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 9. 3. 
 jacto, I ; V. TO TOSS. B. I n t r a n s. : 
 1, vibro, I : the earth trembles a7id 
 r.s, terra tromit vibratque, Plin. H. N. 
 
 2, 80, 82, and 82, 84. 2. vacillo, i : 
 Lucr. 5, 1 2 J 5 : nith his whole body r.ing 
 frum side to side, in utramque partem 
 tolo corpore vacillante, Cic. Brut. 60, 
 216. 3. mSveor, 2 (rejl. pass.): the 
 tops of the " ood.1 hegan to r., jiiRa coepta 
 m. silvaruni, Virg. Aen. 6, 256. 4. 
 nuto, I (<o nod ; oft. as preparatory 
 to falling) .- toicers fhiilcen r., quassae 
 nutant turres, Lucan 6, ij6. 
 
 rock-cress : *Arubis : Linn. 
 
 rocker ; 1. motor cunarum (one 
 who rocks a cradle). Mart. }, 40, i. 
 2. ciinaria (nurse) : Iniscr. ap. 
 Qniter, p. jii, •;. 
 
 rocket : I. -^ plMit .- ervica ; Plin. 
 H. N. 19, 8, 44: Col. II, }, 29. II. 
 A fireiL'ork : perh. *missilis ignis. 
 
 rocking-chair : *sella motoria. 
 
 rock-salt : 1. sal fosslcius, Varr. 
 R. R. I, •], 8. 2. — fos>ilis, Veget. 
 i, 4. J9- 3. — montanus : Col. 6, 
 
 rocky : 1. saxosus (abounding in 
 ttone or rock) : r. mountains, s. montes, 
 Virg. Georg. 2, ill. 2. scopulosus 
 (having many sharp rocks or breakers) : 
 a r. sea, mare s., Cic. de Or. ;, 19, 69 . 
 o r. place : saxetum : Cic. Agr. 2, 2;, 67. 
 
 rod : 1. virga : with a r. he tops 
 the lilies, virga lilia suniina metit, Ov. 
 Fast 2, 706 ; to be beaten with r.s, virgis 
 caedi, Cic. Verr. j, 29, 70 : it happened 
 that the lictor knocked at the door with 
 his r., Incidit, ut lictor forem virga per- 
 cuteret, Liv. 6, 14: the right of punish- 
 ment with r.s, jus virgarum, Plin. H. N. 
 
 7, 4?, 44. Oimin. vlrgula (a small rod 
 or stick, such as one might carry ualk- 
 ing or riding). 2. ferula (a cone ; 
 for less severe punishment than virga) : 
 / have smarted under the r., nos maiium 
 ferulae sulnluxlmus, Juv. 1, 15: to beat 
 xHth r.s one who luis deserved to sujf'er 
 severer stnpes, ferula caedere meritum 
 majora subire verbera, Hor. S. i, ?, 120. 
 
 3, festiica (rod of manumission = 
 vindicta): Pers. 5, 17;. 4. arundo 
 (reed or cane) : Petron. i J4, 4 : Cic. 
 Phil. 8, 8, 21. 
 
 . divining : virgula divma, Cic. 
 
 Off. 1,44, i;8. 
 
 . fishing : 1. Srundo, (nis, 
 
 f.: he angbs for fish with a r., capiat 
 arundine plsces, Tib. 2, 7, 5 : / man- 
 aged a line u-ith a r., moderabar arun- 
 dine linuni, Ov. Met. ij, 92}. 2. 
 c&l&nius : he draws in his prey with a r., 
 praedam calamo tremente ducit, Mart. 
 4. }0. 9- 
 
 , measuring : 1. decempfida 
 
 (ten feet in length) : Hor. Od. 2, 15, 14: 
 Cic Mil. 27, 74. 2. pcrtica (ol any 
 length; though 10 ft. teas the ordinary 
 measure): l*riip. 
 
 rodomontade (suiis.) .• 1. mag- 
 nil&quentla, Liv. 44, 15. 2. vanllij- 
 quenlia: id. ^.^, 24- Tac. A. 6, ;i. 3. 
 ampullae, arum (fig. for tumid lan- 
 guage) : Hor. A. P. 97. See al80, bom- 
 bast, BOMB.VSTIC. 
 
 roe. roebuck: 1. cSprea: Virg. 
 
 Aen, 10,725. 2. caprfidlus. id. Kcl. 
 
 2, 41. A young roebuck, blniiuk-us: 
 Hor. Od I, 2}, I. 
 roe of fishes : 1. ova, orum, pi. .- 
 
 Cic .N. I). 2, 51, 129. 2. peril, lacies, 
 ium.f. : the r. of lampreys, muraeuarum 
 lactes, Suet. Vitell. 1 j. 
 
 rogation : I. in Ilom. law : r6- 
 
 gaiio: tu bring foruard a r., ...r. 
 ferre, Liv. j, 65 : more fully, r. ad 
 plebem ferre, Liv. jj, 25: ad populum, 
 Caee. B. C. J, i : to carry a r., r. per- 
 ferre, Cic. ||, heel., a litany or sup- 
 plicatory procession : rogatio: Sidon. Kp. 
 7. •; lb 5. 14- 
 
 rogue : 1. nequam (homo) : this 
 infoi mer is a r., sycopbanta hie nequam 
 est, I'l.Ps 4. 7, 109 : O the r.,0 liomineni 
 nequam. Cic I'bll. 2, jl. 2. furciler: 
 Ter. Andr. }, 5, 12. 3. trifurcifer: 
 I'l. Aul. 2, 4, 47. 4. vetgralor (old 
 r.) : a great r., v. magnus, Cic. y. K. 2, 
 I J. 5. scglestus ■ touch me not, you 
 r. ! ne me attingas, scolesle ! Ter. Andr. 
 4, 5, 5' ■ / think you an arrant r., 
 scelestissimum te arbitror, PI. Ampli. 2, 
 1,2. H h r. : a nice r., artificem probum, 
 Ter. Phorm. 2, i, 29 : arcA r., scelenim 
 caput, PI. Pers. 4, 5, J ; flagitiorum prin- 
 ceps, Cic. Verr. 5, i, 4. 
 
 elephant: elephas solitarius, 
 
 Plin. H. N. 8, 8, 8. 
 
 roguery, roguishness: 1. ne- 
 
 quitia, Cic. K. Am. 46, med. : Hor. 
 Also, nequlties, ei: Hor. S. 2, 2, Hi. 
 
 2, fraus: v. DtsHouKSTr, fraud. 
 
 3. m&lUia (cunning knavery) : un- 
 less it had been a piece oj your r., nisi tua 
 malitia (uisset, Cic. Att. 15, 26. 
 
 roguish : nequam, m&litiosus, etc. : 
 V. KNAMsH. Kacete' : slie hid herself, 
 the r. creature ! delituit mala, PI. Rud. 
 2, ?, 9: that Tnost r. girl, pessima 
 puella, CatuU. }}, 9. See also, DLS- 
 
 HONE.ST, WICKED. 
 
 roguishly : L mantiosg : PI. 
 Mil. }, }. 14. 2. dOlose : Cic Off. t, 
 15,61. 3. fraudulenter: Col. 1,8, 18. 
 4, facets : sefilest* : you r. sus- 
 pect, tu sceleste sospicaris, Cic Att. 6, 
 1.5- 
 
 roll ("•)•■ A. Trans.: 1. volvo, 
 vi, v61utum, J : Simms r.s the dead 
 bodies of heroes, fortia corpora volvit, 
 Virg. Aen. i, 101 : to r. the eyes, v. 
 oculos, ib. 4, 361 : horses are r.d over 
 half-dead, semianimes volvuntur equi, 
 ib. 11,655. Kreq. voluto, i : r. the sound 
 up and doii n the halls, vocem per atria 
 volDtant, Ib. i, 725: the jars ought to 
 be r.'d over the ground, ampfaoras per 
 terram volutari oportet, Col. 12, 48. the 
 dust in which the muU has reeled herself, 
 in quo se mula volutaverit, Plin. H. N. 
 JO, 16. 2. verso, 1 (keep turning) : 
 Sisyphus r.s the stone, versat saxuiu, 
 Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. i, 5, 10: he r.s him- 
 self upon the wounded place, suo se in 
 vulnere versat, Virg. Aen. 11, 669. B. 
 In trans., mostly in ixM-t. sense: 1, 
 volvor, } (pass. reJl.): r.s on his head. 
 volvitur in caput. Virg. Aen. i, 116. 
 2. v6luto, I ; r.ing, he clung to his 
 knei's, genibus volutans haercbat, ib. j, 
 607. I'ass. refl. vohitor, i : to r. in the 
 dusl (offmvls), in pulvere volutari, Varr. 
 R. R. J, 9, 7 : r.'d with his ivhole body, 
 toto corpore volutaius est. Suet. Cal. 
 42. 3. labor, lapuus, j : the tear r.s 
 
 from my eyes, 1. ex oculis gtitta meis, 
 Ov. Trist. I, I, 4. 4. mano, i (to ooze, 
 run in drops) : warm drops r.frum the 
 tree, manant ex arborc guttae, id. Met. 
 10, 500. 6. verso, 1 (to turn oiier 
 and over) : 1 rescued thee r.ing in the 
 eddy of death, versantem turbine letlii 
 eripul, Caiull. 59, 149. 6. verto, } (in 
 same sense ; except that verso is fre- 
 quent.): tlie produce of the r.ing year, 
 vertentis fructum anni, IVop. 4, 2, 11. 
 7. vmdo, I (in billoirs) : the r.ing 
 Isler, undaiilem istrum, Claud. Rut. i, 
 184: streams r.'d from the mountains, 
 montibus uiidabant, Petron. I2}, 190. 
 
 back : rSvolvo, j : he lay r.'d 
 
 back on the sand, revolutus arena, Virg. 
 Aen. ;, } [6. I'ass. refl., revolutus amni.s 
 Tac. H. 5, 14. 
 
 between : interfundor, i : Styx 
 
 ring betueen, >tyx inlerfusa, Virg. G 
 4, 480 . .Sicily rent away uUh tfie tea 
 r.ing between, interfuMi mari avulsa. 
 Plln. H. .S. }, 8, 14. 
 
 roll down : j. Trans. : devolvo, }: 
 they T. stones on the mochint. saza la 
 musculum devolvuni, Caes. B. C. 2, II. 
 II, In trans.: 1, deeurro, j a 
 river r.iiig Irom the mimntam, nionte 
 decurrens amnis, Hor. «M. 4, 2, 5. 2. 
 defluo, xi, xum : her mU r.'d down tu Iter 
 feet,pe<les vestis defluxii ad imos. Virg. 
 Aen. I, 4' 4. 
 
 forwards : prSiabor, » : they 
 
 saw .Uarxelluf ring Joruwds from his 
 horse, prulabeniem ex equo. Liv. 27. 27. 
 
 out (unroll) : volvo, } : v. TO 
 UNROLL. 
 
 over : evolvo, j Typhoeus la- 
 bours to r. over great mountains, luc- 
 tatur...magno» e. monies, Ov. Met 5, 
 
 j J55- 
 
 j over and over: pervoivo, j: 
 
 ' / i<'i7i r. you o. and o. in Vie mud, te 
 ibidem pervolvani in Into, I'er. Andr. 
 4. 5. }8. 
 
 over, or forward : provolvo, 
 
 J: I will r. him o. into lite rood, liuiic 
 mediam in vjani provolvam, ler. Andr. 
 
 4, 5, }8 : (the townspeople) r.fire-barrett 
 on to the works, cupas ardentes in opera 
 provolvunt,Caes. B. G. 8. 42 : the multi- 
 tude having cast Ihemstlves (r.'d for- 
 ward) at his feet, quum se. . . turba ad 
 pedes (ei) provolvlsset, Liv. 6. j. 
 
 round : circumfC-ro, lull, latum, 
 
 }: r.ing his fierce eyes r. the nobles, dr- 
 cumferens truces oculos ad proceres, Liv. 
 2, 10 : r.s r. his silent looks, circumfert 
 tacltos... vullus, Ov. Met. j, 241. 
 
 round : 1. circumfundor, j 
 
 (pass, refl ) : (a rare) incwcessHAe from 
 streams r.ing round, eircumfusls invia 
 fiuminibus, Ov. Fast. 5, s82. 2. cir- 
 eumvolvor, j (pass, refl.): the sun rj r. 
 the great yearly circle, magnum circiun- 
 volviiur annum, Virg. Aen. j, 284. 
 
 to : ailvolvo, } : r.'d (wood) to 
 
 the fiie-places, robora advolvere foci* 
 Virg. Georg. }, 378. 
 
 together (twist, curl): 1. 
 
 convolve, j . the snake curling his scaly 
 back, squamed convolvens terga, Virg. 
 Georg. }, 426. 2, glOmfro, i : r.'d the 
 wool together into bails, lanam glomer- 
 abat in orbes, Ov. Met. 6, 19 : bees r. 
 themselves together into a mass, gtome- 
 rantur in orbt'm, Virg. G. 4, 79. 
 
 up (from below) : subvolvo. j : 
 
 to r. up stones with their hands, s. saxa, 
 Virg. Aen. 1, 424. 
 
 UPi or upon : involvo, } : tor. 
 
 Olympus upon assa, Ossae i. Olympum, 
 Virg. G. I, 282: with arm r.d up 
 (wrapi>ed) dorcn to the fingers, iiiaiiu 
 ad digitos usque iuvoluta, Liv. 1, 21. 
 
 roU (subs.) . 1. vijlumen, inis, n. 
 (anything rolleil together ; esp. a scr- U) ; 
 public records liegan to be made on r.s 1^ 
 lead, soon afterwards private ones on ra 
 of linen, publica monuuienta plumbeis 
 voluminibus, mux et privata linleis 
 contici coepia, Plin. H. N. ij, 11, 21 
 the snakes curl their backs in a r., sinu- 
 ant volumine terga, Virg. Aen. 2,208. 
 2. gyrus (coil): Ib. 5, 85. 3. 
 orbis, is, m. : a r. 1/ wool, laneus orbis^ 
 Prop. 4, 6, 6. 4. (architect.) v6iata: 
 Vitr. 4, 1,9. 5. astragalus (like pre- 
 ced.): id. I, 5. 1 (J, J, 8). Also, a^t^agalum 
 cymatium, id. 6. scapus: a r. of 
 paper, Plin. i ?, 12, 2J. 7. rotulus 
 (document) : Calp. Sic. 7, ? ; I)u Cange. 
 8. public r.s, fasii, Liv. 9, 18: master 
 of the r.s, •rotulorum uuigistcr. 
 
 of bread, or bun : 1. «)1- 
 
 lyra PI. Pers. I, f, 12. 2. c^illfrig 
 idis,/. : Vulg. 2 Sam. vi. 19: Aug. Gen. 
 ad lit. 8, 5, II. 
 
 of hair (kluJ of chignon): col- 
 
 IVris or cillyria, lerl. CulL Fem. 2, 7. 
 
 ' of sweetmeat: pasUllus, CeU. 
 
 5, 17, 2 ; Gr. Tpo\ia«ot. 
 
 of names (roli-call, list) : L 
 
 index, K is. m. ; the r. oJ phib-sophers, 
 
 index philosophorum. Sen. Ep. ?9, x 
 
 2. album : lir struck him off the r.. 
 
 allx) judicum erasil. Suet. Claud. 16 
 
 695
 
 RO LL K R 
 
 ROOT 
 
 ROPE 
 
 Phr. : to call over the r., per nomiiia 
 citare, Ck)l. ii, i, 21: he ordered the r. 
 of the senators to be called over, patres 
 in curiam citari jussit, Liv. i, 4'; : to 
 unsaer to the r., ad noniina respondere, 
 Liv. 7, 4. 
 
 roller : 1, cylindms : the floor mtist 
 be smootlied with a r., area aequaiida 
 cylindro, Virg. G. i, 178. 2. plia- 
 lani^ae {plur.) : having placed r.s 
 underneath, subjectis pbalangis, Caes. 
 B. C. 2, 10. 3. sciilula ; he canicd 
 the galleys across by means of r.s, 
 biremes. . .subjectis scutulis tiansdiixit, 
 ib. }, 40. Phr.: rollers, lapsus rotarum, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 2JJ. 
 
 rolling (adj.) : voliibilis, e : tlie r. 
 river, amnis v., Hor. Ep. i, 2, 4?. 
 
 Roman: 1. Romauus: Cic. 2. 
 tOgatus: R. Gaul, Gallia t., Cic. Phil. 8, 
 9. 27. 3. Qulris, itis {a R. citizen), 
 rarely used in sing. nom. : presents from 
 a R. friend, amioi dona Quiritis, Hor. Ep. 
 I, 6, 7 : R.s, Quirites, Cic. Manil. 1,1. 
 
 romance {stiin.) -. i, fabiiia : to 
 
 believe r.s, fabulis credere, Cic. I)iv. 2, 
 55, II?: romance I fabulae! Ter. Andr. 
 I, ?, 18 : Milesian r.s, Milesiae (fabulae), 
 Capitol. Albin. ti. 2. niendacium 
 
 {lie) : r.s of poets, mendacia vatum, Ov. 
 Fast. 6, 25}. 
 
 romance («•) ■• fabaior, i : Pi. True. 
 I, 2, 86. 
 
 romancer (.subs.), or romancing 
 
 (adj.) : 1. fabulator Herodotus a r., 
 . . . homo f., Gell. j, 10, 1 1 . 2. niendax ? 
 
 V. LYING. 
 
 romantic ; I. fabulous .- perh. 
 commenticius : v. imaginaei. ||. 
 
 Chivalrous : sublimis : r. deeds, sub- 
 limia facinora, Apul. Flor. i, 7, p. ?44, 
 Elm. Phr.: a r. story, miraculum : 
 they add r. stones..., adjiciunt niira- 
 cula huic pugnae, Liv. 2, 7. 
 
 romantically : perh. fabulose : v. 
 
 FABULOUSLY. 
 
 romp, romping {subs.) .- Wsus, 
 lasclvla, etc.: v. spobt, gambol, wan- 
 tonness. 
 
 romp {v.) : exsulto.liido: v. to spokt, 
 
 FBOLIC, GAMBOL. 
 
 romping {adj.): lasclvus: v. frolic- 
 some, PLAYFUL. 
 
 rood : A. Measure of land : * ju- 
 geri Anglici pars quarta. B. 'I'^i^ 
 Cross : V. CEOSs. 
 
 roof: 1. tectum: the portico had 
 advanced alniost as far as the r., pene ad 
 tectum pervenerat, Cic. Att. 4, j : panelled 
 r.s, tecta laqueuta, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 12 : a 
 shingler., tectum scaudulare, Apul. Met. 
 }, 17, p. IJ7, Elm: a vaulted r., tectum 
 testudineatum, Col. 12, 15, i. 2. cul- 
 men (chiefly poet.) : / mount up to the 
 battlements of Iher., evado ad summi fas- 
 tigia culrainis, Virg. Aen. 2, 458 : the r.s 
 of houses, d<imoruni culmina, ib. 44; : the 
 r, had been taken off' the temple, detractum 
 culmen templo, Liv. 42, ?. Also, c<51u- 
 men (rare) : dtvells on the r.s of the farm- 
 house, habitat in coiuniiiiibus villae, Varr. 
 R. R. J, 7, 1. 3. fastigium : v. gable. 
 Phr. : under the same r., sub isdem tra- 
 bibus, Hor. Od. j, 2, 28 : dove-cctes in the 
 r.s (lit. the tiles) columbaria in tegulis, 
 Varr. K. R. ;, 7, 11 . und^r Pericles' r., 
 in domo Periclis, Nep. Ale. 2 : he will 
 invite me under his r., hospitio invitabit, 
 Cic. Phil. 12, q : under my ov/n r., domi 
 meae, Cic. Fam. i }, 69 ; / rejoice that 
 Brutus has been under my r., Brutum 
 5»pud me fulsse gaudeo, id. Att. 15, i: 
 r-timbers, tigilli, Tib. 2, i, 40. 
 
 roof ("■) •■ 1. <6go, xl, tum, } : a 
 cottage r.'d with straw, casa tecta stra- 
 mine, Ov. Met. 5, 447 : so, slramentis 
 tecta, Caes. B. G. 5, 4 j : to r. tvith shingle, 
 scandulis t,, Pallad. i, 22. 2. con- 
 tggo, } : Isid. Orlg 15, 12, i : Rome, r.'d 
 with shingle up to the time of ... ., scan- 
 
 dula contecta usque ad , Plin. 16, 
 
 10. 15- 3. intego, } : Liv. 27, J. 
 
 roofing: tSgulum: they cover their 
 houses ti'ith a r. of reeds, tegulo arun- 
 dinum doraos suas operiunt, Plin. 16, 
 }6, 64. See also boof. 
 
 roofless : 1. hypaetbrus: r. build- 
 ingt, aedlticla h., Vltriiv. i, 2. 2. de- 
 696 
 
 tectus : a r. temple, deteota aedes, Nep. 
 Att. 20. 3. nudatus : that the r. 
 
 building was open to the 7ains, n. tectum 
 paleie imbribus, \Av. 42, j. Phr.: that 
 the temple was almost r., prope omni 
 tecto nudatuui (templum), id. 27, 4. 
 
 rook {subs.) : A. The bird : cor- 
 vus *frugilegus: Wood. B. At chess: 
 * turris. 
 
 rookery : corvorum cubilia : cf. Virg. 
 Georg. 1, 410 : *silva corvis frequens. 
 
 room: I. Space: 1. spatium: 
 betireen the two aiinies so much r. had 
 been Uft, inter duos exercitus tantum 
 erat relietum spatii, Caes. B. C. }, 92 : 
 r. for exercising the horses, spatium 
 agitandi equos, Nep. Eum. 5: v. space. 
 2, locus : they saw that no r. was 
 made for him by his countrymen, 1. ei 
 a suis civibus nusquam datum, Cic. Sen. 
 18, 6j : make r. for your betters, da 1. 
 melioribus, Ter. Phorni. i, 2, ?7 : there 
 would be no r. for justice or goodness, 
 nee Justitiae ulhis esset nee boiiitati 1., 
 Cic. Fin. j, 20, 66. ||. J'lace of 
 another: stead: vicis {gen.y. into the 
 r of him who has departed out of 
 life, in vicem ejus, qui e vita emigra- 
 verit, Cic. Leg. 2, 19, 48 : punishment 
 had passed into tlie r. of loyalty, 
 poena in vicem fldei cesserat, Liv. 6, J4. 
 Phr.: r. to be given betn-een the casks, 
 doliis intervalla darl, Plin. 14, 21, 27: 
 {tliey saw that) they had made r. fm- the 
 old man, senem ilium sessum recepisse, 
 Cic. Sen. 18, 6} : rwt to have r.enough to 
 sit, anguste sedere, Cic. in Macr. Sat. 2, 
 
 } ; not to have r. for using non 
 
 habere ubi utaris ...., Cic. |||, A7j 
 apartment : 1. conclave, is,n. : haring 
 gone into the same r., quum in idem c. 
 . . . iisset, Cic. R. Am. 2}, 64 : the sick r., 
 c. in quo cubal aeger, Cels. 4, j. 2. 
 coenaculum (originally, dining-r. : later, 
 a r. at the top of a house : meals having 
 anciently beei, taken in an upper storey) : 
 a r. was givm at the top of tlie house, 
 c. super aedes datum est, Liv. J9, 14 : 
 ihey called the room, where they ate coe- 
 naculum, ubi coenabaat, c. vociiabant, 
 Varr. L. L. 5, 162. 3. coenatio {din- 
 ing-r.): Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 12- Juv. Also 
 freq. called triclinium (strictly, o set of 
 three couches) : Varr.: Plin. min. 4. 
 cublciilum (a sleeping r.) : he ivas intro- 
 duced into the sleeping r., in c. intro- 
 ductus est, Cic. Verr. j, 23, 56 : sleeping 
 r.s for day and night, c diurna noctur- 
 naque, Plin. Ep. i, j, i. Called also, 
 dormitorium cubiculum, ib. 5, 6, 21 : 
 and simply, dormitorium, Plin. H. N. 
 }o, b, 17. 5. cella (small): Cic. Att. 
 14, 19, extr. : a little r., cellilla: Petron. 
 II. (Diaeta is not a single room but a 
 suite of rooms : v. Gierig ad Plin. Ep. 
 
 2, 17, 12.) 
 
 roominess 
 I. J9. "J9- 
 
 CIODSNESS. 
 
 roomy : 
 
 house more r., 
 (domus), Veil 
 
 1. laxitas : Cic. Off. 
 2. amplitudo: v. spa- 
 
 1. laxus : to make his 
 quo laxior fieret ipsius 
 
 2, 81 : Sen. 2. spa- 
 tiosus : a r. stable, s. stabulum, Col. 6, 
 2, 2. 3. cilpax (able to contain : best 
 used with depend, gen.) : the Circits r. 
 enough for the people, C. capax populi, 
 Ov. A. A. I, i}6. Join: .spatiosa et 
 capax domus, Plin. Ep. 7, 27. 
 
 roost (subs.) : perlica : v. PERCH. 
 
 roost (''•) •" 1. stabulor, I : Varr. 
 R. R. i, J, 7. 2, insisto, silti, i: it is 
 not good for the bird to r. on floors, tabu- 
 latis insistere dormientem avem non 
 expedit. Col. 8, j, 7. 3, cQblto, i : ib. 
 II, IT- 4. insideo, sedi, ssum, 2 : Col. 
 
 8, 9, lO : V. PERCH. 
 
 root (*«''«-) •■ I. Lit. : 1. riidix, 
 icis./. : a pine torn tip by the r.s, radi- 
 cibus eruta pinus, Virg. Aen. 5, 449 : 
 they cling together by common r.s, 
 communibus inter se radicibus haerent, 
 Lucr. J, }26 : true glory sends fmih r.s, 
 radices agit, Cic. Off. 2, 12, 4} : from the 
 r. (base) of the Palatine kill, a Palatii 
 radice, id. l)lv. i, 45, 101 : of the tongue : 
 Ov. Met. 6, 557 : of a word : Varr. L. L. 
 5, J Phr.: by the r., radicitus, CoL 6, 
 }, 1 . to pluck up evils by the r.s, mala 
 
 radicitus evellere, Lucr. }, jii. To take 
 r. : (1) coalesce, ui, 3 (to grow well to- 
 gether) : until tlie new branch takes r. 
 in the bark, dum novus in viridi coa- 
 le^cit cortice ramus, Ov. A. A. 2, 649: 
 an ilex had taken r. between tlie stones, 
 coalueiat inter saxa. Sail. Jug. 9J. (2) 
 comprehendo, di, sum, 3 {to lay hold with 
 the fbres of the roots) : when the sucker 
 has taken r., quuni comprehend! I esur- 
 culus), Varr. K. R. i, 40, 6 : although. 
 the stocks take r. easily, quamvis stirpes 
 celeriter comprehendant, Cul. j, 5, 1. 
 (3) teneo, ui, tintum, 2 (like preced.) : 
 vjhen the vine has taken r., quum ten- 
 uerit. Col. 5, 6, 18: ib. }, II, 10. 2. 
 stirps, pis,/, (trunk, stock) : to pluck up 
 the white hairs by the -■.. veUere . . . 
 albos a stirpe capillos. Prop, j, 2J, JJ. 
 
 II. Fig.: 1. funs, litis, m. (.^'oMK- 
 tain, source or spring) : that was the r. 
 of this evil, is fons mali hviju^ce fuit, 
 Liv. J9, 15: of a word: Varr. L. L. 5, 
 1 7, 92. 2. origo, inis,/. ; sprung from 
 the r. of a Roinan stock, ab origine ul- 
 tima stirpis Konianae generatus, Nep. 
 Att. I : of a word : Varr. L. L. 5, 92. 
 
 3. of a word: basis: Non. Marc. 
 2, p. 79. 
 
 root (i'-)-" I. Lit- *" strike roots, 
 becofine rooted : 1, radices agere : Ov. 
 R. A. 106 (r. altius agere, to r. the more 
 deeply) : Cic. (fig.) : also, r. capere, Cato, 
 1;. R. UJ. Cf. Virg. G. 2, 291, radice 
 ad Tartara tendere, to r. dmonvards. 
 
 2. radicor, i (only as gardener's 
 word : rare) : vine-layers readily r., 
 mergi facile r., Col. 4, 2, 2. 3. compre- 
 hendo, tgneo (to get hold of the ground, 
 viz. by means of root-fihres) : v. root, 
 subs.{l., 2). Poet. phr. terrae (= in terra) 
 defigi: Virg. G. 2, 290. ||. Melon.. 
 onl.v In p. part, rooted, i. e. rendered 
 motionless, by fear w some other cause. 
 
 1, expr. by fixus, defixus (strength- 
 ened from preced.) : the Gauls stood 
 r.d, (to the ground) with I ear, pavore 
 dehxi sleterunt, Liv. 5, 39: I stood r.'d 
 (to the ground), stabam defixus, Calp. 7, 
 n- 2. ^y stiipeo, 2, obstilpesco, } (to 
 be or become stupified with amazement, 
 etc.) : cf. Virg. Aen. i, 495, stupet obtu- 
 tuque haeret defixus in uno: also, Hor. 
 Od. 2, i;, 1 }, carminibus stupens (rooted 
 to the spot, lost in admiration) : v. 
 
 AMAZED, STUPIFIED, TO BE. 3. insgro, 
 
 sevi,sTtum,; (to implant). |||. Fig., to 
 be or become r.'d., i. e. firmly established. 
 
 1. invgtero, i.orinveterasco, i, the opi- 
 nion has become r.'d, inveteravit opinio, 
 Cic. Verr. i, i, i ; a deeply r.'d hatred, 
 invidia inveter.ita, id. Cluent. i, I. 2. 
 inhaereo, si, sum, 2 : to be deeply r.'d in 
 the mind, 1. in mentibus, Cic. fuse, i, 
 15, }}. Join: (opinio) inhaerens et 
 penitus iusita, ib. 4, 11, 26. 3. exp. 
 by f igo. xi, xum, } {plant or fix) : 
 this evil has r.'d itself so deeply, adeo 
 penitus hoc se malum fixit, Sen. Tranq. 
 15. 5: if l^i^ were not a r.'d principle 
 iiith me, si mihi non animo flxum . . . 
 sederet, Virg. Aen. 4, 15. 
 
 root-up : V. cpBooT. 
 
 rootedly : p6nitus : an opinion, so r. 
 fixed, opinio tarn p. inslta, Cic. Clu. i, 4. 
 
 rootlet: radicula; Col. 2, 11, 19. 
 
 rope : 1. fimis, is, m. ; the r.s 
 
 ichich fastened the yards to the masts, 
 fuiies qui antennas ad malos destina- 
 bant, Caes. B. G. j, 14 : Virg. Dimin., 
 funiculus: Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154. 2. 
 restis, is, /. (usu. a thinner kind of r., 
 Habicht) : the maidens marched, holding 
 a r. with their hands, per manus reste 
 data virgines Incesserunt, Liv. 27, J7. 
 Dimin., resticulus: Varr. R. R. I, 41, 5. 
 
 3. laidens, ntis, usu. m. ; less freq. 
 /. (cordage) : the rattle of the r.s, stridor 
 "rudentum, Virg. Aen. I, 87 : / twine this 
 r.for you, banc tibi . . . rudentem com- 
 phco, PI. Rud. 4, J, 1. 4. rgllnaciilum 
 (mooring. cable) : the ships loose the r.s, 
 solvunt retinacula naves, Ov. Met. 15, 
 696. 5. vinculum : v. band, chain. 
 
 6. laqueus : v. halter. Phr.; wire 
 r., textus adamas, Sen. Her. F. 807 : r.of 
 thongs, loreus funis, Cat 5, j : to make a 
 r. of sand, ex arena funem efficere, Col
 
 ROPE, TIGHT 
 
 ROUGH 
 
 ROUGHNESS 
 
 lo, praef. J : ueaviitg r.s. of sand, de 
 arena rehticulas necteiites, Ireu. 2, 
 lo, I. 
 
 rope, tight: funis ext<-'ntus: todance 
 «n the t-r., ire per extentum luin'ni, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, 2IO : vnU dame steadily 
 OH the t.-r., ciTta per exteut'i> pmiet | 
 vestigia funcs, Maiiil. 5, 6;?. Also, in- ! 
 tentus f., St-n. Ir. 2, i}, 2- and con- 
 tenturi f., Hor. S. 2, 7, 20. 
 
 dancer : 1. fiinanihulus : 
 
 Ter. Hec. prol. 1,4- r.-da7icin<j i;leplntTit!<, 
 elephanti funamiiuli, Siieu Galb. 6. 
 2. schi)cn5l)ates : Juv. j, TJ. 
 
 rope-maker : 1. _ resiio, anis : 
 Suet. Aug. 2. 2. restiarius, Fromo. 
 
 rope-walk : locus ubi funes tex- 
 unlur : V. I'lin. ij, 11. 22. 
 
 ropiness : ^'i win«, faex : Plin. H. N. 
 ?l,8, 44. 
 
 ropy : 1. faeculentns : r. iciji'", 
 
 f. vlnnm, Col. 2, 2, 20. 2. pliitlnOsUK : 
 Cels. 5, 26, 20. 3. viscOsns : Pall. 1, 14. 
 
 rosary : I. --l aillectirm <)f roses .- 
 
 1. rfisarium : r .1 of I'aestum, r. 
 
 Paesti, Virg. (j. 4, 119. 2. rfisCtum : 
 
 Id. Eel. 5, 17. II, Far deeolional use: 
 
 1. rSsarium : 1 )u Cange. 2. cout- 
 
 putus, or coniputuni, id. I 
 
 rose : r^sa : drOihirtg in a boner of 
 r.s, potans in rosa, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 6; : 
 to he crowned with rose garlands, sertis 
 redimiri et rosa, id. Tusm;. j, 18, 4?. nf 
 r^, made of r.s, roseus ■ Sen. : Claud. 
 Also, rosace us : Plin. 
 
 -bud : calyx rosae : Plin. 21, 
 
 4, lo. 
 
 -bush : fruiex rosae : Col. Arb. 
 
 I, 2 ; Plin. 21, 4, 10. 
 
 -gall : 1. spongia . . . cynor- 
 
 rtiodi quae lit in Ciiule : Plin. H. N. 29, 
 4, JO. 2, spongiola : ib. 2,, 2, 6. 
 
 , guelder : * viburnum (ipulus, 
 
 Linn. : Benth. 
 
 oil of: 1. rhiJdlnuni (oleum) : 
 
 Plin. IJ, I, 2. 2, rosaceum : ib. 15, 
 7,7. 
 
 ointment : 1. ceratum ex 
 
 rosa factum, Cels. 6, 18. 2. unguent inn 
 rosae, Plin. ij, i, 2. 
 
 ■ rock • 1. •heliantliemuni vul- 
 
 gare. 2, *cistus tomentosu.s, Benlb. 
 
 water ; vinum e rosae lolils 
 
 factum : see Plin. 14. 16, 19, ^ ID'S. 
 
 — . wild or dog: 1. silvestris 
 rosa quae cynorrhoilus iijipfllatur, Plin. 
 H. N. 8, 41, 6} d.-roses, cynorrhoda, ib. 
 24, 14, 74. 2. rusu ciinina: Viget. 
 Veter. i, 84, 2. 
 
 -wood : perh. aspalathos ; Plin. 
 
 12, 24, 52. 
 
 roseate, or rose-coloured : v. rosy. 
 
 rosemary: 1. lll'iinotis; other- 
 wise called ros marinum: Plin. 19, 11, 
 62. (But ros is usu. masc.) 2. ros 
 mariiius: Hor. Od. j, 2J, 15. 3, ros 
 marls: Ov. Met. 12, 410. 
 
 rosin or resin : reslna : Plin. 16, 
 li, 22 : Mart. 12, }2, 21. 
 
 rostrum: 1. rostra, orum, «./)?.. • 
 lAv. 8, 14 yow colleague was sitting in 
 the r., sedebat in rostris colU-ga tuns, Cic. 
 Phil. 2, J4, 8?. 2. suggestus, us; or 
 suggestum: Caes. : Liv. : v. pl,vtform. 
 
 rosy : 1. r6s«us : r. neck, r. cer- 
 vix, Virg. Aen. i, 402 : r. cheeks, roseae 
 genac, ib. I2, 606. 2. r6saceus : Plin. 
 21, J, 6. 3. 'ilso p<>rliaps purpiireus: 
 V. PL-RPLR. (Cf. Hor. Od. ?, I?, I?, 
 flos purpureas rosao.) Phr. : Paestanis 
 aemula labra rosis {rieing with the roses 
 of I'aestum), ib. 4, 42, 10. 
 
 rot (i'-) •■ A. I n t r a n s. : To be 
 rotten: \, putesco, piitresco, or pu- 
 tisco, putui, } : the olice mil r., olea 
 putescet, Cato 1{. K. j : to prevent the 
 pig from r.ivg. nc putlsceret (sus), Cic. 
 N. 1). 2, 64, i6d; Hor. S. 2, j, 119. 
 2. putrgfio. factus, flfrl : Ov. Met. 
 15, {89 . so that the seeds may r., ut 
 uemina putretiant, Pallad. i, jj. 3. 
 friicesco, fricui, j (to groir soft and fer- 
 ment as fruit does) -. Varr. K. R. i, 55 : 
 Cato R. K. 128. 4. tabesco, tabui, j : 
 Lucr. J, 580. 5. corrumpor (pass.) : 
 I am r.ing with neglect, corrumpor situ, 
 Pl.Trucs,2j. B. Trans. : 1. pu- 
 trtf 5do, } : the house is open to be r.'d 
 
 by the rain, tectum patt-re putrelaci- 
 enduni inibribus, Liv. 42, J : the ground 
 r.s the seeds placexl llirrein, terra putre- 
 facit deposita semiiui, C"jl. t, 12, I. 2. 
 pOrido, edi, esum, t : the skin covers the 
 bones after the limbs luive been r.'d 
 aieay, membris cutis tegit ossa pere^is, 
 Sll. 14, 60;. 3. corrnmpo, j {to spoil 
 in any way) ■ v. td sroii.. 
 
 rot or rottenness {subs.) • 1. 
 pntredo: Ajiul. .Met. 9. i i, p 222, Kim. 
 V'ulg. Prov. xli. 4. 2. caries, ei ■ Cels. 
 
 8, 2 : the boat is tamed into r.ness, ver- 
 titnr in teneram carlem (cymba), Ov. 
 Trist. 5, 12, 27 : when r. begins to gnnv 
 under it, caiie subnascente ei, Pliii. 16, 
 J9, 74. 3. tiibfs, is, /. {il'sease 
 causing to waste away) ■ wht,ni r. has 
 ailai-ked a tree, quum Uilx>s invagit ar- 
 borem, Plin. 17, 24. ?7. 'J ^l^- 
 
 in sheep's feet : clavi 'pi.), GoL 7, 
 
 5, II. 
 
 rotate : v. to rkvolve. 
 
 rotary or rotatory : 1. versatTlis, 
 e {turning lound and round): Lucr. 
 5, 14 j6: Plin. 2. roiabills: Amm. 
 Marc. 2J, 4. 3. rOiiitilis: Sldon. Kp. 2, 
 
 9. (Or expr. by circuml., r. motion, 
 •motus qualis rotae solet fieri.) 
 
 lOtation: 1. rOtatio. Vitruv. 10, 
 
 1, itiit. 2. rotiitus, lis: Stat. Acb. 
 2.416. Z, of a sling: tortus, us : ib. 
 42. 4. turbo, inis, m. : the r. of the 
 sky, t. caeli, Lucr. 5, 624 : by a movement 
 of >■., momento turblnis, Pers. 5, 78: 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 284. 6. conversio : v. 
 BEVoLlTiON. 6. vicissltudo: r. 0/ 
 command, v. imperitandi, liiv. j, 59. 
 Phr.: in r. : (1 ). in orl;eni . Vte husband- 
 man's toil returns in its r., redit . . . 
 lal}or actus In orl)eni, Virg. Georg. 2, 
 401. (2), ordine. befm-e thai the opi- 
 nions were asked in r., priusquam online 
 rogarent\ir sententiae, Liv. }, }(). (3). 
 in ordine, Virg. Kc\. 7, 20 . (4). per 
 ordiiieni, Qnint. 4, 2, 72. (5). expr. by 
 altemus: v. ai,tkbnatei,t. 
 
 rote : Phr.: by rote : mfmOriter : a 
 speech sixtken by r., cratio habita m., 
 Cic. Acad. 4, 19. 6; . repeating by r., m. 
 pronuntians, id. de Or. i, 19, 88: to 
 learn by r., ediscerc, tjuint, 11, 2, 46: 
 
 V. TO LEARN'. 
 
 rotten : 1. ptitrldus • r. leeth, 
 denies p., Cic. Pis. i, I : a building 
 r. and ready to fall, aedificium p ac 
 mens. Sen. Kp. 58, J2. Also, pfitidns: 
 r. Jlesh, p. airo, Cic. Pis. 9, 19: r leaf- 
 age, frons putlda, Cato K. R. J7, 2. 
 
 2. cariosus (esp. of bones) : a r. 
 hon«, OS c , Cel.s. 8, 2, init. : r. teeth, c. 
 denies, Phaedr. ;, 10, ;. 3. marcidus 
 {weak and giving way) rafters r. with 
 age, marcidi vetustate asseres, Vitr. 
 
 2, 8, extr. 4. labidus : Virg. Aen. }, 
 • J7- 6. pCresus {eaten through): 
 
 fleeces r. icith disease and corruption, 
 morbo illuvieque p., id. G. j, ;6f . 6. 
 foetidus {stinking): r. fish, pisces f., 
 PI. Capl. 4, 2, J4. 7. rancidus: r. 
 
 carcases, ranclda cadavera, Lucr. 6, 1 1 > ?. 
 Phr.: a r. foundation, fundamcntum 
 instabile, Plin. ;6, 14, 21. 
 
 rotunda : 1. aede* r<5tunda . Vi- 
 tr. 4, 7- 2. tholus : Varr. R. K. }, ;, 12. 
 
 rotundity : 1. riltundltas : Plin. 
 
 ?7, II. 7 J. 2. rOtundus ambitus: 
 
 Cic. N. 1>. 2, 19, 49. Also, rotunda 
 tigura: ib. : forma rotunda, ib. i, 10, 24. 
 
 3. glObosItas : the r. of the earth, 
 terrae g., Macr. i, 16. 4. sphaeralis 
 convexitas : ib. 
 
 rouge {subs.); fucus. m?dlciimen- 
 tiim, etc. : v. paint. .\1so, purpiirissum : 
 PI. Most. I, ?, 104 (purpnrissMS, Hier.). 
 
 rouge ('^O •■ fiicO' c-xpingo : v. TO 
 PAINT (A. U., -i and 3). 
 
 rouged : puri)urlss&tus : PI. True. 2, 
 2, 5;. Also, lucatus: v. to paint. 
 
 rough: I. I- it- 1. aspcr: a r. 
 bramtiYe, rubus iL«per, Virg. Eel. }, 89 a 
 r. voice, a. vox. t^uliit ii, l, i; : r. tvinr, 
 a. vinum, Ter. Heaut. }, i, 49. 2. 
 Iiorrldus (bristling) ; r. in a dress of 
 bearskin, h. in pelie ursae, Virg. Aen. 5, 
 {7 : a r. tempest, h. tempestas, Hor. 
 Kpod. It, I : r. waves, h. flurtus, ib. 10, 
 j: thickets of r. Sylvantis, h. d-imeta 
 
 Sylvaiii, id. Od. ;, 29, 22. Also, bur- 
 reus, mis: Virg. G. j, 515. 3. hirtu* 
 (prop, with hair): r. bristles, h. setae, 
 Ov. Met. I J. 350 ■ a r. tunic, h. tunlm. 
 N'ep. I 'at. J. 4, blrsQtus (prop. 
 
 with hair) : winter with r. hair, blems 
 canos hirsuta capillos, Ov. Met. 2, 10 • 
 r. bramhUs, h. vepres, Virg. G }, 
 144 : r. with thorns, splnig h., Gc. 
 N. D. 2, 47, 121. 6. Iiispidus- a r 
 {wrinkled) face, facies h., Hor. Od. 4. 
 'O. 5- 6. scaber, bra, brum {•lith in- 
 equalities of surface) : r. paper {bad 
 fin' writing on), s. cbartae, Plin. Kp. 8, 
 15: r. tufa, tofus 8., Virg. ^i. 2, 214. 
 7, rudls {in its natuial state, rwt 
 l>olished) : a spear r. with knots, hatitA 
 riidis nodls, id. .\en. 10, 74?. 8. 
 
 ojnfriigosuB (rugged) • a place r. with 
 stones, lapidlbus c. Col. 2, 2, 8 9. 
 sfilfibrosus (presenting difficuUiet to 
 one journeying) : r. stones, s. saxa, 
 Ov. Her. 4, loj. 10. senius (foul 
 
 and shovnng signs of negloJ ; rare) : 
 places r. with neglect, loca M-nta situ, 
 Virg. Aen. 6,462. U. imix'litus- r 
 masonry, i. lapidnm stniciurai-, t^ulnt, 
 8, 6, 6}. 12. inaequalis r. stiirmt 
 
 (making the sea r.), inaequales procellae. 
 Hor. Od. 2, 9, }. 13. squaleiis, ntis 
 {stiff and r.): a breastplate r. with 
 gold, s. anro lorica, Virg. Aen. 12. 87. 
 IJ. "/ the weatiier : inclFmens, 
 atrox, etx:. : v. inclkmknt. |||. In 
 dispositum, manner, or /•ersimul ap- 
 pearance : 1. inomtiis (e^p. of the 
 hair) : Suet. Aug. 69 (incomptiore ca- 
 plUo). Fig.: in r. (rude) rer.'e, versi- 
 bus 1., Virg. G. 2, J86. 2. incultus- 
 
 r. and ill-made verses, versus i. et male 
 nati, Hor. Ep. 2, l.2J{. Join: (homo) 
 durus, incultus. horridus, Cic. 3. 
 
 agrestis: v. chlrlish. koori.<h. 4. 
 durus: v. HAKsii. 5. hirtus ar.dis- 
 posititni, ingenium h., Hor. Kp. i, ?. 22. 
 Phr.: a r. dianumd. ingenium impuli- 
 tum. Cic. Bnit. 8;, 294 ; Ingenium ingcn.i 
 sub Incultf) corjiore latens, Hor. S. 1, j. 
 J J : a r. word, nialedictuni. I'i'M re- 
 proach a7id r. w<nds, convicio et male- 
 dictis, Cic. Q. F. 2. }. j. 
 rough, to be, become : 1. borreo, 
 
 ui, 2 (to bristle, as with hair): to be r. 
 with hair, capillis h., Hor. Kpod. 5, 27: 
 of the sea, Att, in Sou. (horret quum 
 mare fiuctibus). Incept, to become r. : 
 Ov. : Cic. 2. squaleo, 2: cf. bocgh 
 (1. 13). 
 
 rough-breathing: aspiratio Wsc. 
 
 17. I, 7, and I (. i. 25 : V. ASPIRATE. 
 
 rough-cast (>'•) ■• truIUssw, l : Vitr. 
 7. ?. 
 
 rough-cast (x"''*.) ■■ truUissatlo ib. 
 
 V. « IIITFWASH. 
 
 rough -draft: Sdumbratio: t. 
 SKhrr< 11, outline. 
 
 roughen: 1. a.«pfro, i : uinter 
 r.s t>>e uaces, hienis a. undas, Virg. Aen. 
 }, J85. Strengthened, exasperx) : the sea 
 lieing r.'d with waves, e.\asi>enito fliuU- 
 bus mari. Liv. J7, 12. 2. horrinco. 
 I (v. rare) ■ Zephyr r.ing the wares, 
 borrificans undas, Catull. Kpith. PeL 59, 
 271. Phr.: to r. hoy.vs, calceo« or 
 soleas clavis contra glacieni munire- 
 Wget. Veter. 2, jy, 4 : Amm. Marc 
 14.6. 
 
 rough-hew: dftlo. i: he r.-h.'d his 
 work as nell as he could, opus sicut 
 potuit dolavii, t'ic. de Or. 2. i j. <4 : a 
 stock r.-hewn with hastu axe, stipes pn>- 
 penmti falce dolalus. Prop 4. 2. jg. 
 
 roughish : 1. borndilliiM,.</i(;'i/'v 
 rough or unpolished^ : C. l"ic All 2. 
 I, I, horridula atquc incompta iof litr- 
 rani executtrm\ 2. duriusculiis 
 
 (toitu-what harsh): Plin. Kp. i, 16. mat 
 
 roughly : 1. a.»p#rc Ma>cellinus 
 treats fcmney r (harshly), M. B.spere 
 traclat P.,Clc.V. Fr. i.t>.4- v. iiARsmr 
 2. drirlt<^r ; rarely. dQrf" : v. 
 HARSHLY." 3. horrldO : they addrr.'fed 
 thnn nwre r., alliK-utl sunt. .. borridius 
 (opp. milius'*, Tac. H. 1.82. Join in- 
 culie atque horrlde, Cic. yuint 18, 59. 
 
 roughness: I. qfturface- \. 
 
 a.spi'rltas: r. of rocks, saxornm a., Cic 
 1 N. 1>. 2 J9, 9». (But the word Is macb 
 
 697
 
 ROUGH- SHOD 
 
 ROUT 
 
 ROW 
 
 more comprehensive than the Eng; usu. 
 includii g the notions of difficulty and 
 danger.) Less Ireq. aspritudo. Gels. 6, 
 
 6, 26; and aspredo, ib. 5, 28, 2 (in strict 
 sense). 2. sqvialor (rare in this 
 sense) : Lucr. 2, 425 (opp. levor, i.e. 
 levltas). II. By anal, with ref. to 
 the other senses: 1. asperitas: r. 
 of voice, a. vocis, Lucr 4, 546: of u-ine, 
 a. vini, Plin. 14, 19, 24. 2. duritia: 
 Id. 14, •}, 9 (of tc-ine). |||. Of man- 
 ners: 1, horror (post Aug.): no r. 
 in his style of dress, nullus h. in cuitu, 
 Plin. Kp 1, 10, 7 : r. of style, dicendi 
 h.. Quint. 8, 5, J4- 2. feritas- v. 
 BRDTALiTV. (Mure freq. expr. by adj.: 
 let there be no r. of manners, *ne quid 
 inculti incompositive mores habeaiit ■ 
 what r oj temper. *quam agreste atque 
 inhumanum ingenium ! t. rough.) See 
 
 also, HABSHKKSS, RUDENESS, etc. 
 
 rough -shod: Phr. : to ride r. 
 over. . ., *ferrati8, ut aiunt, pedibus pro- 
 culcare. 
 
 round ("4;) •• I. inform: 1. 
 
 rfttundus. the r, vorld, r. polus, Hor. 
 Od. I, 28, ;; he changes square things 
 for r., mutat quadrata rotundis, id. Kp. 
 
 1, I, 100. 2. globosus: a r. shape, 
 g. forma, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49 : r. stones, 
 saxa globosa, Li v. j8, 29. 3. orM- 
 ciilatus : Varr. R. R. I, 59 : Plin. 4. 
 teres, etis (strictly,smooyi and rounded) : 
 a r. shajt of a javelin, hastile t., Li v. 
 21, 8 : r. drops, t. guttae, Auson. Idyll. 
 14, 9: r., that is, in the shape of a 
 sphere, teretem, id est in sphaerae mo- 
 dum, Macr. S. S. 1, 14. 6- gl6merosus 
 (forming a rounded ball or mass): 
 l)ie«s in a r. mass, g. apes, Col. 9, i, i. 
 
 6. sphaeralis (late): Macrob. Sal. 
 
 7, 16. 7. sphaericus (late) : id. S. S. 
 
 2, 14. 8. circulars ; Marc. Capell. 
 A r. table, orbis : Mart. 2, 4?, 10 : more 
 fully, orbis mensae: Ov. Her. 17, 87. 
 
 II, In sense of complete: Join: 
 teres atque rutuiidus, Hor. S. 2, 7, 86. 
 Phr.: a r. sum: let a r. sum of 1000 
 talents be made up, mille taleiita rutun- 
 dentur, Hor. Ep. i, 6, 34 : to speak only 
 in r. numbers, *ut ne subtiliter nume- 
 rum exsequar, cf. Liv. j, 5 ; at a r. 
 pace, citato gradu, Liv. 28, 14 : pleno 
 gradu, ib. 4, 32 : celeri gradu, PL Trin. 
 }, I. 22. 
 
 round (subs.) : |. a circular 
 figure, or a circumference : orbis, is, m. : 
 a circle or r., circulus aut orbis, Cic. 
 
 N. D. 2, l3, 47: V. CIRCLE, CIRCUMFE- 
 RENCE. II, M e t o n. : circuit, course : 
 gyrus : to force into a narrow r., in 
 exiguum g. compellere, Cic. de Or. }, 19, 
 70. Ill, Circular motion: v. revo- 
 LDTION. IV. Succession of times or 
 events: ambitus, us: after a Imig r. of 
 ages, post longum saeculorum a., Tac. 
 A. 6, 28. See also, cycle, succession. 
 V. In boxing -. comtressus (in cer- 
 tamine gladiatorio), Cic. de Or. 2, 78, J17 
 VI. Of a ladder- gradus: Virg. Aen. 
 2,44?. VII. Musical: *cantus cir- 
 
 cularis, qui dicitur (Aiiglice, round) 
 Vljl. -4» officer's r., circultio vigi- 
 liarum, Liv. |, o. Phr.: to go one's r.s, 
 munus vigiliarum obire, ib. : vigilias cir- 
 cumire. Sail. Jug. 100. |X. Miscell. 
 Phr.; r. of beef, femur bubulum trans- 
 verse sectum, see Plin. H. N. 27, 9, 56: 
 r. of visits, to pay, *plures apud domos 
 suas salutare : per diversas domos salu- 
 tationem circumferre, Sen. Brev. Vit. 
 14, 6 : r.s of applause, plausus multi- 
 plex, Cic. Sen. 18, 64: tlie people gave 
 three r.s of applause, laetum ter crepuit 
 sonum, Hor. Od. 2, 17, 26 . r.s of artiU 
 lery, to fire, *missllia semel, bis, etc., 
 conjicere. 
 
 round ("•) •• I. To make r. : 1. 
 rdtundo, 1 : Cic. Univ. 10. 2, torno, 
 I : ib. 6. 3. gl6bo, I : drops are r.'d 
 (formed into r. shapes), guttae glob- 
 antur, Plin. 2, 65, 65. Also, conglobo, i : 
 a r.'d figure, conglobata figura, Cic. 
 Acad. 4. J7, 118. 4. curvo, i : r.'d 
 into a bow, curvatus in arcum, Virg. 
 Aen. J, $}}. II. Meton.: to give a 
 character of roundness, i. e. complete- 
 neu i 1, corrotundo. i : the Greeks 
 698 
 
 r. off their arguments, Graeci . . . en- 
 thymemata siia... velut c, Quint. 11, 
 J, I02- 2. concliido, si, sum, }: to r. 
 off sentences, c. senteutias, Cic. Or. 6y, 
 2jo- to r. off a verse, c. versum, Hor. 
 S. I, 4, 50: a well-r.'d speech, oratio 
 conclusa, Cic. Or. 5, 20. 3. circum- 
 scribo, psi, ptum, J : a r.'d period <f 
 words, circumscriptus verborum am- 
 bitus, Cic. Or 12, J8. 4. compleo, 2: 
 my ears take pleasure in a well-r.'d 
 period of ivords, completo verborum 
 ambitu gaudent, ib. 50, 168. 
 
 round (adv.) : circum, circa : v. 
 ABOUT. AROUND. Phr.: all the year r., 
 toto atmo, Hor. S. 2, }, l: v. daily. 
 (N.B. — Kor to look r., carry r., etc., see 
 the verbs.) 
 
 round (P''ep.)i 1. circum (in a 
 circle or roundabouf) i tlie sun revolves 
 r. the earth circum earn ipsam (teiTam) 
 volvitur, (.Ic. N. D. 2, 40, 102. 2, 
 circa (less precise than circum : in 
 the neighbourhood of, near about) : 
 the dogs uhich he had r. him, quos 
 circa se haberet, id. Verr. i, 48, 126: 
 V. abound. 
 
 round and round, to go: 1, 
 circumagor, }, pass.: Hor. S. i, 9, 17, 
 2, expr. by frequent, verbs, verso, 
 voluto, etc., and v. round. Phr.: the 
 roof goes r.and r., vertigine tectum am- 
 bulat, Juv. 6, J04: V. REVOLVE. 
 
 roundabout (adj.) : Phr.- by r. 
 ways, itineribus devils, Cic. Att. 14, 10 : 
 o r. route, circuitus, us - Caes. B. G. 7, 
 45: also, ambages (viarum), to denote 
 paths which are not only roundabout 
 but perplexing, as in a labyrinth : 
 Ov. M. 8, 161 : r. stories or speeches : 
 (1.) ambages, is, /, (found only in abl. 
 sing., but pi. complete): he begins to 
 tell me a long r. story, ambages mihi 
 iiarrare occipit, Ter Hfaut. 2, }, 77 ; 
 Virg. : Hor. (2.) circuitio • Cic. iJiv. 
 2, 61, 127 (quid opus est circuitione et 
 anfractu?): Ter. ||. (subs) A play- 
 machine : *equuleus lusorius turbinis 
 ritu volutatus. 
 
 rounded* well : teres, etls: a uell- 
 r.'d neck, teres cervix, Lucr. 1, j6: a 
 well-r.'d style of speaking, habitus ora- 
 tionis teres, Cic. deOr, j, 52, 199. 
 
 roundelay : 1. cantilena .• Ter. 
 Ph. J, 2, 10. 2. Slegus: Hor. Od. I, 
 
 a, }■ 
 
 roundhead ', *(homo) capilUs prae- 
 cisis. 
 
 leaved : rStundifolius : Apud. 
 
 roundhouse t perb- ergastaium, 
 career: v. i-iusoN 
 
 roundness : I. ff surface : rot- 
 
 uiiditas: Plin ||. Fig.: neatness of 
 expression .* 1, roiunditas : r. of 
 
 language, r. verborum, Macr. Sat. 7, 5, 
 init. 2. concinnitas (neatness): Cic. 
 Brut 9;, 525. 3. rotunda constructio 
 verborum, ib. 18, 272. 
 
 roundly : i-e. plainly, bluntly : 1. 
 libere . v. freely. 2. aperte .' he 
 lies r., aperte mentitur, Cic. Acad. 4, 6, 
 l3. 3. planS: PI, Amph. 2, I, }o. 
 4. praeclse: 1 r. said iVo, p. negavi, 
 Cic. Att. 8, 4, I. 
 
 rouse: v arouse. Phr.; o r.ing 
 style of speaking, fervidum genus di- 
 cendi, Cic. Brut. 68, 241 : a r.ing ha- 
 rangue. Join: incitata et vehemens 
 orallo, ib. 24, 9J : for the lake of r.ing 
 the audience, instigationis auditorum 
 causa, Auct. ad Her. 2, jo, 47. 
 
 rout (aubs.) : I. A disorderly 
 
 multitude: v. crowd, mob. Phr.: 
 the vulgar rout, coetus vulgares, Hor. 
 Od. ), 2, 2J: ignobile vulgus, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 149. II, Noise, confiision : \, 
 
 strepitus, us- Cic. Att. 13, 48. 2. 
 tumultus, us: Liv. 25, ij. 3, turba: 
 V. noise, confusion, tumult. III. De- 
 feat : fiiga • to put to r., in fugam con- 
 verterei Caes. B. 0. 1, 52: v. defeat, 
 
 FLIGHT. 
 
 rout (V.) ■ 1. fugo, I : having r.'d 
 all the cavalry, fugato omni equitatu, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 52. 2. profligo, i (to 
 overthrow i esp. with ref. to the defeat 
 of a great host) : to r. the forces of the 
 enemy, profligare copias bostium, Cic. 
 
 Phil. 14, 14, j6. 3, fundo, fadi 
 
 fusum, i (to l/reak and throw into con- 
 fusion) : id. Mur. 9, 20. 4. dissipo, 
 I (to scatter) r the Samnites were utterly 
 r.'d..., in fugam dissipati sunt, Liv. 8, 
 J9- 5. pello, pepvlli, pulsum, }; esp. 
 in p. part.: Caes. B. G. i, 7 (exercitum 
 pulsum et sub jugum missum); Cic. 
 Join: (Romanos) pulsos superatosque, 
 Caes. 
 
 rout out : i-e. hunt up, bring to 
 light : \. eruo, ui, utum, j : tor out 
 of the darkness, e tenebris e., Cic. Agr. 
 
 1, I, J: tor. out what Greek writers 
 have left behind them, quae scriptores 
 Graeci prodiderunt, eruere, id. Tusc. i, 
 I J. 29. 2. pf rh. rimor, 1 ; v. to rum- 
 mage, SEAItCH. 
 
 route ; 1, cursus, ils : my r to 
 Greece lies through your province, mihi 
 cursus in Graeciam per tuam provinciam 
 est, Cic. Att. 10, 4, }. 2. Iter, itineris, 
 n. : the Carpetani changed their r., it«r 
 averterunt, Liv. 21, 1}: uncertain what 
 r. they should take. . ., quam in partem 
 intenderent iter, ib. 10, 4?. 3. via: 
 Brutus changed his r., flexit viam, ib. I, 
 
 60 : V. COURSE. 
 
 routine (su^s.) : 1, iosus, iis- /o- 
 rensic r., u.forensis, Cic. Div. in Caecll. 
 15, 47 : blind r., usus irrationalis, Quint. 
 10, 7, II. 2. ordo, inis, m. ; the r. of 
 studies, ordo studiorum, ib. 5, l : out of 
 r., extra ordinem, ib. j, }j. 3. sSlitnm 
 (part of sOleo): if lie ever varied from, 
 his r., si quando ex solito variaret, VeU. 
 
 2, 41. i^hr : the solemn r. of the 
 games, solemnia ac justa ludorum, Auct. 
 Hanisp. 10, 21. 
 
 routine (adj^) ; perh. best expr, by 
 traiislaticius (tral.), denoting that which 
 follows common precedent : cf. Gell. }, 
 18, fin., servandae consuetudinis causa 
 tralaticio [edicto] utuntur, as a m.ere 
 matter of routine : so, Cic Verr. I, 
 44, 114, in re tarn usitata satis est 
 ostendere . . . . hoc vetus edictum tr.que 
 esse. Also [solitus] ordo, consuetudo, 
 etc., will often be sufficiently near : 
 V. ORDER, CUSTOM. Phr.: contrary to 
 r , extraordinarius, id. Brut. 6j, 226, 
 
 rove : v- to wander, to roam. 
 
 rover: I. ^ ivanderers v, wan« 
 DEREK. II. A pirate 1 praedo' v. 
 
 PIRATE. Phr.: to shoot at r.s : *leme:W 
 jaculari ; tela temere conjicere. 
 
 roving (tttO-)- v. roaming. 
 
 roving (subs.) .■ 1. vagatio, ApuL 
 De Socr. 15, p. 50, Elm. 2. pfire- 
 grlnatio, Cic. Att. 9, 10, med. Also by 
 gerunds of verbs ■ v, roam. 
 
 row (subs.) : I. A line : 1. ordo, 
 Tnis,TO. : r.s of trees, ordines arborum, Cic 
 Sen. 1 7 , 59 : the oars rise above each other 
 in three r.s, terno consurgunt ordine remi, 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 120: in a r., ex ordine, 
 ib. 7, 177 : the squares on a chessboard, 
 directi, transversi (ordines), Varr. L. L. 
 10, 21. 2. versus, iis; he arranged 
 the elms in a r., in versum distulit ul- 
 mos, Virg. Georg. 4, 144 : 16 r.s of oars, 
 sexdecim versus remorum, Liv jj, jo. 
 3. series, ei. Plin. 7, 16, 15: v. suc- 
 cession Phr.: r.s of seats, gradus : 
 14 r.s for knights, quatuordecim gradus, 
 Liv. Ep. 99. Hence quatuordecim alone 
 
 he crossed over to sit in the 14 r.s, 
 
 sessum in quatuordecim , , . . transiit, 
 SueU Jul. J9. Also, fSri! Liv. i, j$ : 
 and simply, sedilia, ium : in the first r.s, 
 sedilibus in primis, Hor. Epod. 4, 15: 
 in a r., expr. by perpetuus . tables in a 
 r., perpetuae mensae, Virg. Aen. 7, 176; 
 also, deinceps: the trunks t>eing set up 
 in a r., truncis. . . deinceps constituti», 
 Varr. R. K. 1, 14, 2. ||. A riot: turba: 
 
 V. riot, DISTURBANCE, ROUT. 
 
 row (v.) : 1. remigo, i : the labour 
 of r.ing, remigandi labor, Caes. B. G. 5, 
 8. 2. reniis (navim) propello, j • 
 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, 9. Phr.: to r. hard, 
 remis contendere, Caes. B. G. 5, 8j 
 remis Incumbere, Virg. Aen. 10, 204^ 
 he ordered the ships to be r.d at fiiU 
 speed, naves. . . incitari remis. . . Jussit, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 25 they persevere in r.ing, 
 remorum in verbere perstant, Ov. Met. 
 }, 662 : tve set the slaves to r., serroe
 
 ROW A N -TK E E 
 
 K U 1> E 
 
 RUFF 
 
 ad renium dabaiuus, Li v. }^ 6. Suet. 
 Aug. i6. 
 
 rowan-tree • omus v. mountain- 
 ash : fraxiuus 8ilveslris Plin. H. N. 
 l6, l8, }o: Col. Arb. i6. 
 
 rowel : *calcaris glimulus. 
 
 rower: remex, igis- Cic. Att. ij, 21, 
 4: for Die .<ake of prcuiising tht j-.s, causa 
 exerceiidoruiii remigiira, Caes. B. C }, 
 14, (Or expr by iTajjerf part, of re- 
 migo V. TO ROW.) 
 
 rowers, a crew of • rcmigium . thf. 
 
 «r«tr qf rmvers and the. marines, rcmi- 
 gium classicique milites, Liv. 26, 5J ; 
 he makes up tUe creiv of r.s, rcmigium 
 tuppici, Virg. Aen. j, 471. 
 
 rowing: 1. rcmigium: hasten... 
 with r. and sail, reniigio, vcioque... 
 festina, I'l. Asia, i, }, 5. 2. rcmi- 
 falio: Cic. Att. I}, 21, 4. Plir. ■ wUh 
 quick r., agmine remorum celeri, Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 211 ; v. to row. 
 
 rowlock: perh. tSlumbarium (Ao?« 
 through which the oar passed): Jsid. 
 Orig. 19, 2, }. 
 
 royal ; I. Belonging to a king : 
 kingly or queenly .- regius : r. style, r. 
 apparatus, Cic. Somn. he. i . to live in 
 r. style, more r. vivere, Liv. 2, } : the r. 
 army, r. exercilus, Caes. H. C }, 104 : 
 the r. tribunal, r. tribunal, Liv, 2, 12. 
 II. Worthy of a king . 1, regfilis: 
 r. luxury, r. luxus, Virg. Aen. 1, 657: 
 r. apparel, ornatu.s r., Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 69. 
 2. regiflcus (rare): poet.: r. luxury, 
 regiticus luxus, Virg. Aen. 6, 605. 3. 
 b^ilicus (like the /SacriAcu;, or great 
 king) : you shall be received mth r. 
 entertainment, b. acripiere victu, PI. 
 Pers. I . I , } 2. P h r. • r. property, rcgum 
 res, Liv. 2, 4 ; r. vealth, regum opes, 
 Virg. Georg. 4, i}2: r. pinver, regnum 
 (v. ROY A LTV); r. family, domus rejina- 
 trix, I'ac A. i, 4- K. Academy, *regia 
 Academia: if. Society, *FratPrnitas regia, 
 Socieias regia . a r road (10 learning), 
 via conipendiaria, Cic. Off. 2, 12, 42 j aisi), 
 comp' iiitium, (^uint. i, i, 24 (brevia 
 doti-ndi compendia). 
 
 royalist : qui regiis favet partibus, 
 
 Nep. Att. 2 . V. I'ARTISAN. 
 
 royally : 1. regie Cic Verr. }, 
 48, 115. 2. regalller: Liv. 42, 51. 
 
 3. regTfice (rare) . Knn. ap. Cic. 
 Tusc. }, 19. 44. 4. basilice (v rare) ■ 
 PI. Pers. I, I, 29: V. ROYAL. 5. niure 
 regio. Sail. Jug. 1 1 • regie apparatu, Cic. 
 Somn. So. 1, frag, i : more regali. Just. }6, 
 J- 6. regis instar ad instar regis, ib. 
 
 royalty ; 1. regnum : hope of 
 
 attaining to r. (regal jwicer) : spes 
 affectandi rcgni, l.,iv i, 46. 2. ma- 
 jestas regi.i, Caes. B. C. 3, 106. 3. 
 
 digiiitas regia, Nep. Milt. 2 4. regia 
 potertUis, id. IjJ-s. j. Phr. • ensigns of 
 r.. Insignia regia, Cic. S<st. 26, 57 : name 
 ofr., regale nomen, id. Manil. 9, 24. 
 
 rub ("■) .' 1" gen.: 1. frico, ul. 
 
 Stum, and tctum, 1 • I r. my body with 
 oil, oleo coipus frico. Mart. 90, 5 : r.s 
 his sides againtt the tree, fricat arbore 
 coslas, Virg. Gi-org. }, 256. Comps.: 
 (I.) perfrico, i (to r all over): to r. the 
 head gentli/, Icniter p. caput, CeLs. i, 4 : 
 when Apr(mius ivas r.ing his face with 
 ointment, quum A. . , os suum ungucnto 
 perfricarel Cic. Verr. }, 25, 62. (2.) 
 confrlco, I (to r. irelV) : the whole face 
 must be irell r.'d tvith salt, sale con- 
 fricari totum os conveniet. Col. 7, 10, j. 
 (3.) affrlco, i (tn r against) : (a serpen I ) 
 r.ing himself against fennel, maraihro 
 herW sew alTrlcans, Plin. 8, 27, 41. 
 (4.) (Irfriio, 1 (til r lUnvn) : the bodies of 
 beasts out/lit to be r 'd donti, ppcudimi . . . 
 corp<.)ra de'ricanda sunt. Col. 6. }0. (5.) 
 infrico. I (to r. in) : Plin. jo, j, 8. !} it. 
 (6.) circunifricii, i (to r all round) to 
 r. round the i-dgrs of the casks, labra 
 dollorum c, C^ato K. 11. 26. 2. tero, 
 trivl, turn, 1 (usu. implying also lo wear 
 away) ■ lo r. the eys (to force out a 
 Itar), oculos t., I'cr Kuii i, i, 2J: to r. 
 one puce of wood against another (for 
 firt), liLOium ligno t., Plin. Comp.i. : 
 (1.) attSro, } (to r. agairist) : Hor. Od. 
 8. 19. )0 : (,of a dog r.ing his tail against 
 me) Plin. (2.) contero. } (v. to weab 
 
 away) iron is r'd (worn) away ; con- 
 teritur ferrum, Ov. A. A. i, 91. (3.) 
 del^ro, } (r away) : Oie long journey 
 will r. (chafe) his weak feet, defjret via 
 longa pi-de.~, lib. i, 10, 16. 
 
 rub away or off: detergeo, si, sum, 
 2 ; and dctergo, j rj off Uie superfluous 
 buds, sui)ervai-uo8 palmiies deierget, CoL 
 
 5, 5, I) . v. CI.KANhiK, POLISH. 
 
 — out. erase : v krase. 
 
 rub (subs.). 1' h r. . ay '. there's the 
 rub, boc opus, blc labor est, Virg. Aen. 
 
 6, 129. 
 
 rubber : I. -^ whetstone : cos, co- 
 lis, / : Plin. {6,22,47. II. A rough 
 toneli I. llnteum villosum. Mart. 14, 
 i}8 2. mappa; il). 12, 29. 4. 3. 
 externientarUim : Varr. L. L. ;, 2i. 
 III. A man 11 ho rubs: 1. iiliptes, 
 ae: .juv i, 7*). 2. fricator; Covl. 
 Aur Tard. }. 7 |V. -^< play: •vic- 
 toria in certamine ternario bis parta. 
 
 rubbing '""^t of) : 1, attritus, us, 
 Plin. 8, 52, 78. 2. affrictus, lis, ib. jl. 
 (>, ?8. 3, friijiius, us: ib. 2 J, 7, 6}, 
 i 125- 4. fricatio, ib. 28, 4, 14. 5. 
 fricatura, Vlir. 7, 1, 6. frictio, Cels. 
 4. ?• 7. perfrictio, Plin. H. N. 21, 18, 
 69, } 116. 
 
 rubbish : 1. rudus, eris, Ti. (brok- 
 en stmie, n\trrtar, etc.) : to assign a place 
 where r. nmy be shot, locum ruderi ac>- 
 clpiendo destlnare, Tac. A. 15, 4}; also 
 in plur, Ac set his hands to nork to clear 
 away the r., ruderibus purgandis manus 
 adniovit, Suet. Vesp. 8. 2. quisquiliae, 
 arum (refuse, sweepings) : r., the sjwil 
 of the nind. q., volaiitis venti spolia, 
 Caeril. ap. HVst. j6. v. rrfcse (subs.). 
 
 rubbishy : v. woRTHLtss. 
 
 rubble : mdus, f ris, n.: Vilruv. 7, i. 
 
 rubbling, <>r rubble-work, rudij- 
 
 ralio, Vitruv u. s. 
 
 rubicund : v. rudpt. 
 
 rubric : rubrica (lit. red earth : 
 hence the title of a law, because written 
 in red) : Pers. 5, 90 . Quint. 12, j, 11. 
 
 ruby (subs.) : carbunculus : Plin. 
 
 ruby (tt'y-) •■ poet., purpureus ; r. lips, 
 purpurea labella, Ov. Am. }, 14, 2?. 
 
 ruck: I. fold, wrinkle: ruga ■ 
 v. FOLD. II. Tlie hindmost in a croud, 
 esp. of horses in a race : vulgus turbaque, 
 
 Lucr 2,919: v. CROWD, MOB. 
 
 rudder: 1. giibemSciilum: V. 
 
 HELM. 2. claVUS: V. TILLER. 
 
 bands : juncturae gubernacu- 
 
 loruni, Vulg. Act. Apost. sxvii. 40. 
 
 ruddiness: v. rkdskss. 
 
 ruddle : red chalk • rubrica ; Hor. S. 
 2, 7. 98. 
 
 ruddy • 1. rublcimdus, riibens v. 
 RKD. 2. rutilus: r./iie, rutilus ignis, 
 Virg. Georg. 1,454. 
 
 . rather : 1. rutucnndulus : 
 
 Juv. 6, 425. 2. subrubicundus; Sen. 
 Ir. }, 4, I. 
 
 • to be ■ 1. rubeo, ui, 2 : the 
 
 r. moon, Luna rul>en8, Hor. Od. 2, 11, 10. 
 2. rutilo, 1 : Virg. Aen. 8, 529. 
 
 rude: I. (Unfinished, U7ipolished : 
 (of things and persons) 1, rtidis, e : 
 
 a r. orator, rudis orator, Cic. de Or. j, 44, 
 175. Join: rudis et incompositus. 
 (juiiit 10, 1,66; rudis Indigestaque mo- 
 les, Ov. Met. I, 7. 2. inconditus : r. 
 X'ers>'S, inc. versus, Liv. 4, 5?: a r. (un- 
 polisheil) nav of speaking, inc. fanti- 
 quoruni] dicendi consuetudo, Cic. de Or. 
 !, 41, 175. 3. durus. r. dances, durae 
 clioreao, Ov Fast. j. 5?7- 4. agrestis 
 (bo<nrish and uncultirated). Join: 
 vasti atque agrestes, Cic. de Or. i, 2;, 
 115 : agrestes el barbari, id. Mil. 9. 26. 
 5. rusticus : v. rustic, hoorish. 
 6. inurbanus (impolite) : f should 
 not be so r., non cssem tam Inurbanus, 
 Cic. de Or 2. 90, j6?. 7. horrldus 
 (rough, blunt, un f>olished) : r. Saturnian 
 metre, h. numerus S.iturnius, Hor. Kp. 
 2, I, i<7 : cf. id.Od. j, 21. 10, non ille. . . 
 te negliget horrl.lus : Cic. Phr.- the 
 Carthaginians threi" up a r. fortifua- 
 tion, castra tumultiiarla communierani, 
 Liv. 28, 16. II. Ill-humnured.unkinil, 
 insolent: 1. asper: Hor. A. P. 16 J 
 joket too r., asperiores facetiae, Cic. 
 
 Plane, 14, jj. 2. ferus- Ter. Andr 
 I. $.4!- 3. inhumanus: r old men 
 inbuinani senes, Cia Sen. 3,7. r. neglect. 
 inbumaua negllgeiiila, iii Off. i, {6 
 i}°- 4. imniarisuSlus : Join im- 
 mansuetumque feruinque Ingenlum, Ov. 
 Met. 15,8;. 5. ins6leiis- v. inmjlkkt. 
 
 6. pSttilanB (taitcy): a r. way of 
 jesting, j.xiindi genus. . . p., Cic Off. I, 
 29, 104. Kig. : tlie r. East n-inds, p. 
 Euri, Lucr. 6. no. 7. pr6tervus; v. 
 WANTON. Kig. and pi.H-t. . r. winds, 
 venti prutervi. Hor. Od. 1, 26, 2. 8. 
 ii^juriosus: poet., with r.foot, Inj- pede, 
 Hor. Od. I, H. '?: "'< ''• (houlerous) 
 u-imls, inj. venll, id. Kpod. 17, 14. 9. 
 importuiius (intrusire) : tlie r. birds, 
 imp. volucres, id. S. I. 8, 6' r. poverty, 
 imp. paujieries, Id Od. }, 16, )',. 
 
 rudely : I. •/" an unfinished or 
 
 unpolished manner : 1, crasse a 
 p(jem r. put together, c conipositum, 
 Hor. Kp. 2, I, 76. 2. rusH'E : Cic 
 Att. 12, }6. 3. IniwidllS: id. Off. J, 
 21,82. 4. inconiiHJsitS . Join- bor- 
 rlde atque incom(Hisite, Quint lo, 2. 17. 
 
 5. durg, or durlter: r. cast, fu.sum 
 durius, Hor. S. 2, j, 22. 6. horrldi 
 (cf. RLi.K, L, 8) . Join: horride in- 
 culleque [dicerej, Cic. Or. 9, 28 cf. also 
 Hor. Od. t, 21, 10. II. With violence 
 or ill-nature: 1. {j^tiilanter : Ae 
 
 abused I'ompeius r., in Porapeium p. 
 invectus est, Cic. Att 2, 19. 2. 2. prii- 
 tervg : who knocks so r. T quis lam pro- 
 terve nostras aedes arte tat.' PI. True. 2, 
 t, I. 3. pr6caclier (to denote acting 
 in a pert, forward manner) : pay mure 
 r. demanded, stipendium procacius fla- 
 gltalum, Liv. 28, 24. 4. importiine 
 (rare), to press r., importune Inglstere, 
 Cic. Acad. 4, 25, 80. 5. ins61enter. 
 
 V. INSOLKNTLY. 
 
 rudeness : I. ^'ant of prUsh .- 
 
 1, ruslicitjis; r. of pronuncialun, 
 soni r.. Quint 11, j, 10. 2. barbarles: 
 provincial r., b. doniestica, Cic. Brut 74, 
 258. 3. expr. by adj, r of tpeecK, 
 oratio horrida, inculta.elc.- v. hide (I.). 
 
 ||. insolence in- unkiudness: 1, in- 
 liumaiiilas Cic. de Or. i, 22,99. Join: 
 imporlunltas et inhninanitas, id. Sen. j. 
 7. 2. insolentia: id. de Or. 2, 52. 209. 
 3, petulantia: v. pektness, wan- 
 ton ne.ss. 
 
 rudiment' '*« beginning of any- 
 thing : 1. JlCmentum • rj of rices, 
 vitiorum e., Juv 14. 124- the r.s (begin- 
 n'ngs) of Home, prima Ilomae e., Ov. 
 Fast. J, 179 of learning, Hor. S. I, I. 
 26. 2. initium . Cic. fuse. ;, 24. 69 
 (initia et tanquam seniina unde omnia 
 orta). 3, semen : Cic. : Lucr. : v. 
 GERM, 4. primordiuni ■ r.s of things, 
 primordia rerimi, Cic I'art 2, 7. 5 
 rfidlmentum: the fust r.s of rhetoric, 
 prima rbetorices r.. Quint 2, J. i. 6. 
 exordium : r.s of all things, cunctarum 
 exordia rerum. Lucr. ?, }l. 7- prin- 
 cipiuni r.s of all great things. omiMum 
 rerum magiiarum priiidpia, Cic. Vat 6, 
 14. Phr.: not having Uamt even the 
 r.s of logic, dialetticis ne inibutus qul- 
 dem, Cic. Tusc. 1. 7, 14: a young man 
 ought to lie taught the rs of those arts, 
 intici debet iis artibus, id. Fin. j, 2, q: 
 ignorant qf the rj, plane iiidi>clus. id. de 
 Or. 2, 2, 7 : subjects of which they had not 
 even learnt the mere rj. qu.ie . . .ne pri- 
 moribus quldem labris attigistient, ib. I, 
 19, 87 (See also full, art.) 
 
 rudimentary : iniboiitus a r. knoie- 
 
 leti/e of nature, cogniilo naturae inc.. 
 Cic. Off. I, 4?, 15? >■ tn-eofts. • formae 
 quaedam quasi ninmmnrum inchuat- 
 anim. Phr.: r imfrwrtiVm, element* 
 prima: v, bkdiment. 
 
 rue (sulis.) : ruta : r. that sharpens 
 sight, aciientes lumina ruia-s Ov. Bern 
 801 (R. gravecilens. I.inii.): favoured 
 ii-ith r. ■ ruiatiis wine to treated, mus- 
 tum rutatuni, I'lln. 19, 8, 45. 
 
 rue C'-V' lugeo, etc. v. TO RKPFJIT 
 MOIKN, rk.-.ret. 
 
 rueful : moestus (mae.) : v. sorrow. 
 
 ruff: I. ■* *■'"'' "/ collar: 'coU 
 laris genus quod Anglice ruff dicilur: 
 699
 
 RUFFIAN 
 
 RUINOUS 
 
 RULE 
 
 the mark like an. on a bird's neck .- tor- 
 quis, is, m. : (a parrot) having a scarlet r., 
 torque miniato in cervlce distincta, Plin. 
 10,42, 58. II. -4 r. pigeon: 1. pa- 
 lumbus torquatus, Mart, i;, 67, i. 2. 
 * machetes pugnax : Tritiga pugnax, 
 Linn. |||. A Jisli : * [jerca cernua ; 
 
 acerina vulgaris ; aspredo : Eng. Cycl. 
 
 ruffian : 1. expr. by circuml; 
 
 homo tacinorosus (one ivho is conversant 
 with deeds of violence}: Cic. Cat. 2, lo, 
 22 Cquintum est genus parricidarum, 
 sicariormn, denique omnium lacinoro- 
 sorum, r.s of every kind) : homo ad 
 facinus audax, cf. ib. 2, 5, init. (nemo 
 in gladiatorio ludo paullo ad facinus 
 audacior, rather a greater r. than the 
 rest). Also Sail, has, facinorum catervae 
 = gangs of r.s, Cat. 14. 2, homo 
 
 perditus : gangs of r.s (ur despf icuioes), 
 Auci. Doni. 42, 110. 3, in pi. only. 
 
 6peTae,a.rnm{hiredgang.':of "roughs' ): 
 Cic. Sext. 17, ;q. 4. sicarius (strictly, 
 one who employs the daggtr) : v. assas- 
 sin. 5. latro {robber, freebooter ; also 
 in wider sense) : to employ a r. to per- 
 petrate murder, latrone ad peragendum 
 parricidium (uti), Val. M. 5, 9, 4 : Cic. 
 Sext. 17, J9. So latrocinium, a band rf 
 ruf'ans : id. Cat. i, ij, Jt- 6. some- 
 times, rhetorically : gladiator ; id. Ph. 
 15, 10. 2;. 
 
 ruffianly : ad facinus audax ; faci- 
 noros\is ; v. ruffian. Sometimes also, 
 nefarius (abominably wicked), or atrox 
 (savagely crtid), may serve, v. vrkkd, 
 CBnEL, SAVAGE, Phr. • r. conduct or 
 character, audacia ; esp. with sume 
 strengthening epith. : as, immanis auda- 
 cia, .\uct. Har. resp. j, 4: more fully, 
 Cic. I'b. I J, 5, 10, ad omne facinus im- 
 manis audacia: cf. also Curt. 6, 11, 
 init., miles. .. .stollda audacia ferox, a 
 brutal r. fellow : (see also, brutality, 
 critf.ltt) : in a r. maimer : expr. by 
 modal abl.,xiiia.na. crudelitate; immani 
 audacia, etc. : v. preced. artt. 
 
 ruffle (I'O ■■ 'igit'^. turbo, moveo- v. 
 TO shake, toss, distokb. Still more pre- 
 cisely, horrif ico, i (rare) : Cat. Epith. 
 Pel. 269 : so, to beeonie r.d, inhiirrescere : 
 Pac. in Cic. Div. i, 14, 24 (in both 
 passages of the sea). 
 
 ruffle (subs.) : perh. limbus m;inicae 
 adsutus: v. Virg. Aen. 4, 1:7 
 
 rug: 1. stragCilura: iMarU 2, 16, i, 
 
 2. vestis stragula, l^iv. 54, 7. 3. 
 coopertorium (for u-rapping clfisely 
 up) : wrapped in warm r.s, calidis c. 
 involutus, Veg. Vet. j, 77. 
 
 rugged: 1. dirus (harsh): Atti- 
 litis, a most r. poet, poeta durissimus, 
 Cic. Att. 14, 20, 2. 2. asper : Ithaca, 
 situate anwvg most r. rocks, in asperri- 
 mis saxulis affixa, Cic. de Or. i, 44, 196. 
 
 3. horridus : v. rude (I., 8). 4. 
 praeruptus (esp. of steep, broken ground) : 
 r. places, praerupta, Liv. 27, 18. 5. 
 scrupulosus (with many small pointed 
 stones) : r. rocks, cotes, Cic. Tusc. 4, 14, 
 i?. 6. i'n temper, difflcllis: v. ill- 
 
 TEMPERKD, MOROSE 
 
 roggedness : ^ • roughness. 
 
 TVda (subs.) : I, I Iter destruction: 
 1. exitium, pernicies, etc. : v. de- 
 struction. 2. ruina (don-vfall : a 
 word always used with something of 
 
 metaphor) : in this ttniversal r , 
 
 in hac rerum ruina, Liv. 26, 41, med.: 
 r. of fortune (bankruptcy ; breaking 
 completely down), ruinae fortunarum, 
 (Sc. Cat. I, 6, 14: Hon Phr. .- to go to 
 r., (1). ruo, i, riitum, } (to fall with vio- 
 lence ; oft in fig. sense) : Cic. Verr. 5, 
 6, 12 (quae cum accidunt, nemo est quin 
 intelligat ruere illam rempublicam) : 
 Hot. Strengthened, corruo, } (to go to 
 utter r. ; both lit. as a house, and fig.) : 
 Cic. Off. I, 24, 84. (2). pessum eo, 4, irr. 
 (lit. to go to the bottom : archaic, and not 
 in Cic). the finest plains of Italy would 
 go to r., p. ituros fecundissimos Italiae 
 campos, Tac. A. i, 79. Also, pessum sido, 
 ? : Sen. (3). 6beo, pgreo (strengthened, 
 dispereo), 4, irr. : v. TO verish. (4). 
 praeciplto, i (to go headlong or with 
 violence to r.) tvhen the statf was sink- 
 ing headlong to r., praecipltante repub- 
 
 100 
 
 lica, Cic. Sail. I, i : Liv. (5). labor, 
 psus, } (to glide, fall, or waste auuy) : 
 cf. etc. Or. }, 10, cetera nasci, occidere, 
 fluere, labi: also, Liv. j,3},i»ut.,eocitius 
 res lapsa est = detei-iorated, went to r. 
 (6). dilabor, j (to waste away and go to 
 pieces : both lit. as a building, and fig.) : 
 fall to ruin, monumenta dilapsa, Lucr. 
 "5, jii: the most admirably constituted 
 commonwealth went tor., (ut) praeclar- 
 issime constituta respublica dilaberetur, 
 Cic. Off. 2. 2}, 80. (7). collabor, ; (to go 
 completely to decay, fall in ruins as a 
 house) : the roof of the house (appeal ed 
 to) fall in r.s, fastigium domus cullabi, 
 Suet. Caes. 81 : Liv. (8). puet. dure 
 ruinam (to come down with a viohnt 
 fall) : Virg. Aen. 2, j 10. P b r. ; r. seize 
 thee I dii te perduint! Cic. Deiot. 7, 21 : 
 Ter. II, Specially, sc(i«choi( : stuprum 
 (per vim illatum) : v. seduction, rape. 
 
 III. Usu. pL, broken parts, esp. of 
 buildings : 1. ruinae, arum (not >o 
 in Cic.) : to rebuild temples out of the 7 .s 
 of temples, ruinis lemplorum templa 
 aedificare, Liv. 42, 3, fm. : Ov. 2. 
 parietinae, arum (ruined walls, parietes : 
 perh. ruinae understood) : / was more 
 impressed by the sight of the r.s of Co- 
 rinth, magis me moverunt Corinthi p. 
 aspectae, Cic. Tusc. j, 22. 5 ; : Plin. 
 
 3. perh. vestigia, orum : v. traces, 
 REMAINS. 4, expr. by verb: nothing 
 save the r.s of buildings, *nil praeter 
 dis.jecta (dilapsa, of the effect of decay) 
 aedificia: cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 608. 5. 
 strages, is, /, (as of a building thrown 
 doi/m) : Tac. H. i, 86 (strage obstantis 
 molis refusus amnis). 
 
 ruin (''•) ■• I. In sen. : 1. perdo, 
 didi, itmn, j : many have utterly r.'d 
 thefr„selves, multi . , . . se ipsos penitus 
 perdiderunt, Cic. Fin. i, 15, 49; lam 
 r.'d, perditus sum, PI. Cure, i, 2, 46. 
 Strengthened, less freq., deperdo, } : a 
 cobbler r.'d with want sutor inopia de- 
 perditus, Phaedr. i, 14. i • disperdo. j ■ 
 Vat. ap. Cic. Fam. 5 10. 2. prae- 
 
 cTpito, I (to hurl headlong : a very 
 strung expr.) : for r.ing tlie state, ad 
 praecipitandam rempublicam, Liv, 22, 
 12. 3. pessumdo, dedi, datum, i: or 
 in two words: to one who seeks to r. 
 (or send to r.) evei'y thing, quaerenti 
 pessum dare cuncta, Ov. 'I'rist. j, 5, 45 : 
 Sail, (who is fond of the phr.). 4. 
 affligo, xi, ctum, 3 : I'ompey has r.'d 
 himself, ipse se afflixit, Cic. Att. 2, 19, 2. 
 
 5. conficio, feci, fectum, j : tor. 
 one s oiun properly, suam rem c, Cic. in 
 Sen. 5, II. 6. frango, fregi, fractum, 
 i : self-indulgence r.s all the poivers both 
 of mind and body, nervos omnes et 
 mentis et corporis frangit. Quint, i, 2, 6. 
 Joi n ■ homo fractus et prope dissipatus, 
 Cic. Red. 9, 4. 7. profligo, i (to dash 
 to the ground, deal a severe blow to) : 
 to r. the state, p. rempublicam, Cic. de 
 Or. 3, I, J. 8, corrumpo, rfipi, rup- 
 tum, 3 : you r. your eyes with weeping, 
 lacrimis corrumpis ocellos, id. Am. }, 
 6, 57. Phr. . to &e r.'d with expense, 
 sumtu exhauriri, Cic. Q. Fr. i, i, 2: v. 
 
 TO nESTROy, INJURE, OVERTHKOW, WASTE. 
 
 II, In moral point of view, esp. with 
 ref. to women : 1. vitio, i : Ter. Ad. 
 4. 5> 52. 2. corrumpo, 3 : Suet. Jul. 50 : 
 V. TO SEDUCE. 3. depravo, i : a boy 
 r.'d by indulgence, indulgentia depra- 
 vatus, CiC Att. 10, 4 : v. TO SPOIL. 
 
 ruined : 1. ruinosus : r. houses, 
 T. domi, Ov. Her. i, 56 ; a r. house, 
 aedes r., Cic. Off". ?. 13, 54- 2, Fig. : 
 naufragus ■ Cic. Pis. 19, 43. P h r. : 
 haJf.-r., semirutus : the h.-r. city, semi- 
 rula urbs, Liv. 5, 49. 
 
 ruinous : A, injurious .- 1. 
 daninosus : r. to the jiock, d. pecori, 
 Virg. G, I, 37. 2. exitiosus: Cic. 
 
 I 'lane. 36, 87. 3. fiinestus: v. fatal. 
 Phr.; a r. expense, effusi sumtus, Cic. 
 R. Am. 24, 68 : to live at a r. expense, 
 profusis suratibus vivere, id. Quint. 30, 
 93. he made a harbour al a r. expense, 
 portum operis sumtuosissimi fecit. Suet. 
 Ner. 9. V. COSTLY. B. Ready to fall: 
 Phr.: the r. temples of the gods, aedes 
 labentes deonim. Hor. Od. 3, 6, 3 ; the r. 
 
 house, lapsura domus, Ov. Ib. ;ii: so, 
 casurus, id. Pont. 2, 3. 59. 
 
 ruinously : 1. damnose to drink 
 r., daniniise bibere, Hor. S. 2, 8, 34. 2, 
 pestilere: Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13. 3, per- 
 niciose : most r., pemiciosissime, Au& 
 Ep. 26, 2. 4. exitiose- ib. 28, j. 
 
 rule (subs.") : I. An instrum^intfor 
 measuring with ; 1. regula : Cic. fr. t 
 Plin. 2. iiorrasi(a cai-penter's squares 
 more freq. in sig. II.). Plin. 36, 22, 51. 
 3. amussis, im,/. (carpenter's tool: 
 perh. a square or level) : esp. in phr. 
 ad amussim, or as one word, adamussim, 
 precisely according to r., exactly : Aus. 
 Idyll. 16, II. Varr. . Gell. 4. dficem- 
 peda (\ofeel in length: for land-mea- 
 suring): Cic. Ac. 4, 41, 126 Hor. 
 II. A regulation, precept, direction ; 
 
 1. regiila : the r. of a corrupt custom. 
 pravissimae consuetudinis r., Cic. Br. 74, 
 258: the r. of right and arong, juris et 
 injuriae r., id. Fin. 1,6. 19. 2. norma. 
 the r. of the ancients, veterum n., Hor. 
 Od. 2, 15, 12 : a certain r. of reason, 
 certa rationis n., Cic. ilur. 2, 2. 3. 
 lex : a fixed r.far versification, versibus 
 certa lex, Cic. Or. 58, 198: a gramma^ 
 tical r., 1. grammatica, (jell. 13, 20. 4, 
 praeceptum some r.s must be laid down, 
 pr. quaedam danda sunt, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 
 44 : r.s for speaking, pr. dicendi, id. 
 Brut. 76, 263. 5. praescriptum : ob- 
 serving these r.s, haec praescripta ser- 
 vans, Cic. Off. i, 26, 92. Also, prae- 
 scriptio . the r. of reason, praescriptio 
 rationis, id. Tusc. 4. 9, 22 : the r. of half 
 an hour (for spealcing), pr. semihorae, 
 id. Kab- perd. 2,6. Join, banc nor- 
 mam, banc regulam, banc praescrip- 
 tionem naturae, id. Acad. 4, 46. 140. 
 
 6, formula: Join, iormula ratiuque 
 scribendi, Suet.Aug. 88. 7, instituium 
 (standing r. or recognized principle) . 
 r.s of society, instituta civ ilia, Cic. Off. 
 I, 41, 148. Join . [oblitus] consuetu- 
 dinis et instiiuti me!, id. Att. 4, 18, i. 
 8. 6odi/ o/r.«, UL^titiitio: according 
 to the r.s of art, ex institutione artis, 
 Auct. ad Her. 3,9, 16. 9. i'l same sense, 
 discipUna : Cic Verr. 2, 3, 7. |||, Go- 
 vernment : 1, djtio : Virg. Aen. i, 622 : 
 Cic. Prov. 13, 32. 2. impgrium: Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 796. 3. rggimen. ther. of con- 
 duct, r. morum, Liv. 4, 8. 4. regnum : 
 under the r. of < inara, sub r. Cinarae, 
 Hor. Od. 4, I, 4. 5. dominatus, us: 
 freed from kingly r., d. regio lil>erata, 
 
 Cic. Brut. 10,41- V. GOVERNMENT, swat. 
 
 Phr.: according to r., rite: Auct. pro 
 Dom. 52, 134: or expr. by adj., legi- 
 timus : a poem according to r., 1. poema, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 109 : out if r., inordinate . 
 Cels. 4, 25 : or by adj., inordinatus . 
 Quint, i, 10, 46 : to lay down a r., legem 
 sancire: Cic. Am. 12, 40: praescribere : 
 Caes. B. G. i, 36 . uprightness must be 
 the r. of advantage, honestate dirigenda 
 utilitas est, Cic Off. 2, 21, 83 . to live 
 by r., valetudini servire, Cie. Q. Fr. 
 
 1, I, extr. 
 
 rule ("•) •■ A, T r a n 8. to govern : 
 1. rego, xi, ctum, 3 (with ace. : 
 most gen. term) : CSc. : Virg. 2. 
 mOdfinir, i (in this sense, with ace.) : 
 r.ing the seas, maria moderantem, Cic. 
 N, L). ?, 39,93. Join: regi t et mode- 
 ratur, id. Somn. Sc. 8. 3. tempfiro, i 
 (to re.itrain, regulate : with ace. or dat.) : 
 he r.s their passions, temperat iras, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 57 : r.d his anger, temperavit 
 irae (dat.), Liv. 33, 20. 4. impero, 
 imperito, i; v. to govern. B, Iu- 
 trans. : |, To possess power : 1, 
 dominor, l : to r. over the otiier ani- 
 mals, dominari in cetera animalia, 
 Ov. Met. I, 77 . the Danai r. in the 
 city, dominantur in urbe, Virg. Aen. 
 
 2, 327 • dominor is used with a dat. 
 in later writers only, Zumpt, { 413. 
 
 2. regno, i : while Greece was still 
 r.ing, regnante jam Graecia, Cic. Brut 
 10, 41 : (Clodius thinks) that he shall r. 
 ii'hcn Milo has been killed. Mi lone inter- 
 fecto se regnaturum, id. Mil. 16, 43. 
 
 3. praesum, fui (with dat.) : over 
 which countries four kings r.d. qwibiig 
 regionibus quatuor reges praeerant.
 
 RULER 
 
 RUN DOWN 
 
 RUN TH ROUGH 
 
 Cacs. B. G. ?, 22 ht tiad r.d with kind- 
 ness, clementer praefuerat, Liv. J4, 40. 
 Phr. while she (Athens) r.d, diim ea 
 renim potita est, Cic. Kosc, Am. 25, -jo 
 Claudius uho then r.d suptcm-^, qui 
 turn erat tsumiiio in imperio, id. Fin. 2, 
 20, 66: poet., impHrii frena tenere. Ov. 
 Trist. 2, 42 : imperil frena mixlerari, id. 
 Pom. 2, 9, n: sc»-ptra tenere, id. Her. 
 16, n6. V. TO RKiGN. II, To lay down 
 a decision in a court : r in court of 
 law : 1, edico, xi, ctum • Cic. Verr. 
 
 1, 46, 118. 2. decerno, crevi, cretum ■ 
 lb. 119. Ill, 0/ a custom 1. olv 
 tlneo, til, 2 : a custom w/tich formerli/ 
 r.d, consuetudo quae retro obtinuit, 
 
 Ulp. Dig. I, 16, 7 V. TO l-BKVAIL. 
 
 2. pateo, ul, 2 (to extend, have in- 
 fluence) : in which avarice r,s widely, in 
 quo latlssinie patet avaritia, Cic. Off. 1, 
 7, 24 ; this precept r.s nun-e widely, patet 
 ijatias, id. Tusc. j, 24, 58. 
 
 mler : I. -^ governor : 1. 
 
 rector: r. of the state, reipubllcae r., 
 Cic de Or. i, 48, 211 : r. of Olympus, 
 r. Olynjpl, Ov. Met. 2, 60. 2, ni6- 
 dgrator : Join: rector et moderator, 
 Cic N. I). 2, Jj. 90: moderator et du.\, 
 id. Tusc. I, 28, 68. Fern, moderatri.x : 
 providc^tce is a ilivine r., m. divina est 
 providentia, id. N. D. }, 59, 92. 3. 
 regnator : r. of Asia, r. Asiae, Virg. Aen. 
 
 2. 557 : r. of Olympus, r. Olympi, ib. 7. 
 558. 4. dCirSnator : Jove the r. of 
 all things, d. rerum, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 4. 
 Fern, dominatrix: id. Inv. i, 2, 2. 5. 
 giibemiitor ; /. giibematrix, Ci -. . v. co- 
 VEBNOR. 8. arbiter, tri : poet. : Hor. 
 Od. I. J, i;. 7. praeses, idis (o^ci'a!) ; 
 rs of provinces, praesides provlncianim, 
 
 Suet. Aug. 2i ; V. GOVERNOR, LEADER. 
 
 II, For drawing lines: regiila: v. 
 
 RULE. 
 
 ruling : 1. pStens . poet : usu. 
 with gen. . r. over tlie tempests, tem- 
 pestatum pot«ns, Virg. Aen. i. 80: r 
 ooer Cyprus, p. Cypri, Hor. Od. i, }, i. 
 2. regnator ; /. regnatrix : o r. 
 family, doraus regnatrix, Tac. A. i, 4. 
 Phr.: r. passion, cupiditas, siudinm 
 [v. passion]; you have made this a r. 
 principle, habuisti slatutum cum animo 
 ac dellberatum, Cic. Verr. j, 41, 95. 
 
 rum (s) •■ *sicera e saccharo decocta, 
 destillatione facta. 
 
 minble (f) ■■ 1. mummro, I : 
 my bowels r. from, emptiness, intestina 
 inanitate ni., PI. Cas. 4, }, 9. 2. 
 
 raugio, 4 : the ground r.s beneath, sub 
 pedibus m. solum, Virg. Aen. 6, 256. 
 
 3. ins6no, ui, I : tlte hollous r.d, 
 insonuere cavemae, ib. 2, 5J : {of thun- 
 der), Lact Div. Inst 7, 6. 4. perh. 
 crgpo, ui, Itum, or crgplto, I : intestina 
 crepant— crepitant, PI. Men. 5, ;, 27. 
 
 ramble or rumblins noise (£■)■- 
 murmur ; or gen. term sdnitus : v. 
 
 MURMUR, SOUND. 
 
 rtuninate : I. ^s <"» animal .- 
 
 1. riiruino, I : Virg. Kcl. 6, 54: Plin. 
 9, 17.29. Also, rumiiior, i (dep.): Varr. 
 
 2, cibum rgmando, j: Quint. 11, 2, 
 4'. II. Fig.: To think over : 1, 
 rggusto, I . / often r. over ynur letters, 
 regusto tuas I'lteras, Cic. Att. I J, ij. 
 
 2. concfiquo, xi, ctum, j you must 
 r. Icmg, diu libi concoquendum est, id. 
 R. Com. i;, 4;. See also to meditate. 
 
 niminant or ruminating; 1. 
 riiminalls • Plin. 8, 51, 77. 2. nuui- 
 nator : Amob 7, 24. 
 
 rumination ; rumlnatio : Plin, 
 
 II, J7, 79. daily r. (thought), quoti- 
 diana r , Cic. Att, 2, 12, 2. 
 
 rummage (i"-)- search: 1, rfmor, 
 I (to pri/ al)out anil search for : less 
 coUoq. than Kng.) : Virg. Aen. 7, 508 : 
 Juv. 2, perscriitor, i: Cic: v. to 
 
 SEARCH, 
 
 rummer, a large glass : gen. term, 
 pdcalum : v. cuf . 
 
 rumour: 1. rflmor, Sris: r. of 
 danger, r. pericull, Ctc. Maiiil. 6, iJ: 
 various r.s which I shouhi like to be 
 true, varii r., quos cuperem veros, id. 
 Att 16. 12. 2. fama: v. rfport: 
 
 prop. n. : r. goes through the cities, it 
 Fama per urbes, Virg. Aen. 4, 17} : v. 
 
 report. 3. sermo, 6nis, m. (common 
 tilk) : Cic. Fiim. }. 8. nuuL 4. auditlo 
 (rare) ■ false r.s, lictae a., id. Plane 
 2 J, 56. 
 rump : 1 clunis, is,/..- usu, pi. .- 
 
 Hor. .)uv 2. iiatLs, is./ ; um.pl.: 
 
 Mart Hor. Puirely of the rump of 
 animals uird for food : Mart }, 82 
 
 -steak ■ * offa de dune bubula 
 
 secta, de f-more bubulo secta. 
 
 rumple ("•) ■• corrugo, I Cot Fig. 
 Hor, Ep I, 5, 2}. 
 
 rumple (s.) . in a garment : rOvra : 
 
 V. EOLU, PLAIT, wrinkle 
 
 run ("■)•• I. Li t : curro, cucurri, 
 cursum, j: Fig. ^^ to liasten : r. ye 
 ages, currite secia, Virg. Kcl. 4, 46 ; to 
 r. over the sea, per mare currere, Hor, 
 .S. I, I, JO. Somelinifs wiih accus. of 
 cogn. sig. : to r. a race, stadium c, Cic. 
 Off. }, 10, 42; ve r. over the sea, cur- 
 rlmusaequor, V^irg. Aen. J, 191. ||. To 
 Jlow : 1, fiuo, fiuxi. fluxum . sweat 
 r.s from the body, fluit de corpore sudor, 
 
 Ov. MeL 9, 17? ■ V TO FLOW. 2. 
 
 labor, f. of a river, Hor. Kp. i, 2, 4!. 
 
 3, f Cror, 5, i)t. ; the opemings of a 
 wound through which a dischai ye r.s, 
 per quae feriur humor, Cels. 8, 28, i } 
 
 4. e.\eo, 4, irr. : moisture r.t, hu- 
 mor exit, ib. 6 MlsceU. Phr: 
 three roads r. to itutina, tres viae sunt 
 ad Mutiiiam, Cic Phil. 12. 9, 22 : a 
 double spine r_? between the loins, duplex 
 agltur per lumbos spina, V'irg, Georg. i, 
 87 : my thoughts often r on that subject, 
 in earn cogitationem nos saepe incidi- 
 nius, Cic Fam. 4, ; : his whole discourse 
 ran upon that subject, ejus omnis oratio 
 versata est in eo, id. de Or. i, 57, 244. 
 
 about; 1. curso, i (frequent. 
 
 of curro): Cic. Sen. 6, 17. Scondfre- 
 quent. cursiio, i (to run hither and 
 thttluT hurriedly) : Hor. S. 2, i6. 107 . 
 Phaeilr. 2. discurro, cucurri and curri. 
 } : to diverge ; others r. in different 
 directions to the gates, discurriint ad 
 portas, Virg. Aen. 12, 577 : he ran about 
 with the palm, cum palma discucurrit. 
 Suet. Cal. }2. 3. pererro, I : v. 
 
 TO Wander. 4, trepido, i (to be 
 
 agitated, r. about in an agitated man- 
 lier) : Join tum Tiiurius trepidare, 
 concursare, Caes. B G 5, jj 
 
 across, over: transcurro, cii- 
 
 curri and curri, j a cloud vas seen to 
 r. across the sky. visus coelum tr. nim- 
 bus. Virg. Aen. 9, iii. 
 
 after : sgquor, sector : v. to 
 
 FOLLOW, PUItsCB. 
 
 aground : |. T r a n s. : 1. 
 
 impingo, pegi, pactum, j: cf. yuint. 4, 
 I. 6, pessimus gubeiualor qui navem 
 dum portum egredilur inipegit (where 
 the ret is to letting a ship run foul of 
 any object) : they ran the ship a., navem 
 impegerunt, Vulg, Acts xxvli. 41. 2. 
 ejicio, jeci.'ctum, j (to run a ship 
 ashore) ; tliey ran their ships a. at 
 Chios, naves ad Chium ejecere, Liv. 44, 
 29, ad fin. : Caes. B.C. }, 28. (In pass. 
 :=to be ivrecked.) ||, In trans. : 
 
 1. impingor, j : t. supr. 2. 
 
 haereo, si, sum, 2 : (the ship of .Ser- 
 gestus) ran a. on the projecting rocks, 
 in procurrentibus saxis haesit, Virg. 
 Aen. ;, 204. 3. perh. illldor, Isus, j : 
 cf. ib. I, 112 (naves saxis illidit). 
 
 away : 1. aufiigio, ftigl, fu- 
 
 gltum, ? (esp. to abscond): mv slave 
 has r. auay, servus mens aufuglt Cic. 
 Fam. I}, 77. 2. prSfiigio, } (as a 
 
 fugitive or outlaw) : v. to flee. Phr.: 
 Ir away as fast as lean, ego me in 
 pede.s conjicio, quantum queo, 'l"er. Kun. 
 5, 2, 5 : his friends r. auviy. se in fugam 
 conl'enint amici, Cic. Caec. 8. 22. 
 
 back : rfcurro, curri, j : the 
 
 vater will r. back to its source, in fontes 
 versa recurret aqua, Ov. Am. 2, 1,26: 
 V. TO betdun. 
 
 before, in advance : antf- 
 
 curro, J: Viiruv. 9, 4. 
 
 down: A. Trans.: |. 
 
 To drive forcibly against : expr. by ros- 
 tro ferire : Liv. {7, jo (quum rostro per- 
 cussisset Sidoniam navem) : or if no- 
 thing more than coming up with be 
 
 meant (* navem) remls citatig cua- 
 seqni: V. TO o\EBTAKE. Phr. ;iA«run 
 down an Ionian ship (U 1/ t{ wtre an 
 enemy, • m lonicam navem lanquam 
 hostilem impegit navem ^uam nierslt- 
 que eam. ||. TO cry Uoi n, deyrt- 
 ciate detrecto, figvo, oblrecto ^thi8 
 la-st %vith dot.): v, to disparagf., ma- 
 lign. B. Intrans. : deiurro, ch- 
 curri. and curri, j • Curtiat had r. down 
 from the citadel, ab arce decucurrerat, 
 Liv. I, I z a riier r.ing doun from the 
 mountain, nionie decnrrens amnis, Hor. 
 Od, 4, 2, 5 to hare rrcourtejor shelter : 
 theii r, douni to tiieir ships, ad naves 
 decurrunt, Caes. B. C. i, 28. 
 
 run down or oflF: dcfluo, j: Ote 
 
 countryman uaits tUl the river r.toff, 
 dum defluat anmis, Hor. £^, i, 2, 42: v. 
 
 TO FLOW. 
 
 forwards : prOcurro, } : Hor. 
 
 KfKXi. 16, 29 v. To Al.\ ANtF_ 
 
 foulof: I. Trans.: (navem) 
 
 impingo, } : v. to bun aground. I|. 
 
 I Intrans.. collidor, isus, j: the ship* 
 
 I r foul of each other, c. inter se naves. 
 
 Curl. 9, 9, med. ,• cf. ib. paulo itijr.,ja- 
 
 cutiebantur pupplbu^ prorap(proi/» ran 
 
 j foal of stems) , [iremebantur a sequen- 
 
 tibuB qui antei-edeiites lurljaveraiit. 
 
 high : Phr. : the vatxt r. high, 
 
 undae exsultant, Ov. Met. i j, 892 Uie 
 waters of the sea ran high wiUi the mnd, 
 tumuerunt aequora vento, Id. Pom. 2, j, 
 27 : the dissension rjs high, summa dis- 
 sensio est, Cic. Fam. i. 7, extr. -. the in- 
 surrection ran Ai3/i,seditionem gliscere. 
 Liv. 42, 2 : the difease rji high, crude- 
 scere morbus, Virg. G. j, 504 : when 
 fever r.s high, in ipsis accessionibos, 
 Cels J, 7, 2. 
 
 into ! 1. inrurro. curri, j : to 
 
 r. into destruction, in pemiclem inc, 
 Cic X I). J, 27, 69; tor. risk of being 
 accused, inc. in crimen, id. Plane. j8, 91. 
 2. pervehor, ctus, j (nautical term ; 
 to reach port) : the harlmur into which 
 I would r., in quern malleni p.. Id. Att 
 
 out: I. Lit- excurro, ctt- 
 
 curri and (less freq.) curri, cursum, }: 
 PL Most. 2, I, 12. II. of prtjecting 
 capes, etc. : excurro, } • fnmi the inmost 
 part of the bay a peninsula rj out, ab 
 iiitinio sinu peninsula ex., Liv. 26, 42, 
 fin.: Curt: Ov. 2. promlneo, 2: v. 
 TO PKoJEtT. III. Of time, to come to 
 an end: e.xeo, 4. irr. : v. to expirb 
 (II.). 
 
 over : I. To drive over witK 
 
 a vehicle: 1. obtSro, trivi, tritum, j 
 (lit. to trample on) : he ran over a child 
 knowingly, puerum baud ignarus ob- 
 trivlt Suet Ner. 5 : v. to tramplb. 
 
 2. expr. by equos (carp«ntum, etc) 
 agere per...: Liv. i, 48. ||. Fig. 
 to treat lightly and summarily of: 
 
 1. percurro, cucurri and curri, cur» 
 sum, { : more fully, (res) oratJMne p, 
 Cic. Div. 2, 46, med. : Virg. 2. per- 
 stringo, nxi, ctum, j (lit to g>aie : 
 hence to touch a subject lightlij) : to r 
 over a subject rapidly, rem celerller p., 
 Cic. Ph. 2. 19. 47. Join: leviter tnan- 
 sire ac tantummodo perstringore [un- 
 amquamque rem], id. R. Am. n. extr. 
 
 III. As a cup, to overfow: sAper- 
 
 fluo, i : v. TO 0\ EBFLOW. 
 
 round; ▼• to surroo'd, to 
 
 encompass. 
 
 - through or over; 1. p«^ 
 
 curro, ciicurri, and curri. 5 ^.^< traverse): 
 to have r. ovtr the globe, rotundum per- 
 currlsse polum, Hor. Od. i, 28, 6: (A< 
 moon r.ing over the cimipass of heaven, 
 coeli circuitionem percurrens, Viiruv. 9, 
 4. Fig. : to describe : to r, thiough in 
 a speech, oratione p., Cic Div. 2. 46. 96 : 
 to r. through the matter quickly, cur- 
 riculo p., Ter. HeauL 4. 4. 11 . to sur~ 
 vey : to r. through with the eye. p. uculo, 
 Hor. S. 2, 5. 55. Fre>futnt. periun». I ; 
 Liv. 2J, 4:. 2. decurro, ; (to com- 
 plete) : having r. through the distance, 
 decurso spatio, Ter. Ad. 5. 4. 6 com- 
 plete the task begun, inceptura decurro 
 laborem. Virg. G. 2, 19. 3. pervagor, 
 I : (pain) ran through all Oie limbi, 
 7CI
 
 BUN TOGETHER 
 
 RUSH ON 
 
 U UST 
 
 membra pel >ragabatur,Plin.Ep i, 12: of 
 planets competing their orbits : Vitrnv 
 9,4. Phr : tor through an estate, 
 rem familiarem disperdere, dissipare, 
 
 etc. . V. TO SQUANDER. 
 
 run together • concurro, curri, j ; 
 cM mil r. together to iruiet me, concur- 
 rent mi obviam onines, I'er Eiin. 2, 2, 
 
 25 : V TO CONCUR, TO MKET, TO ASSEMBLE. 
 
 , to '. accuiro, curri, j • o man 
 
 rji up to me, accurrit quidam, Hor S. 
 I, 9, ? : to have recourse : to r. to the 
 praetor, ad praetorera ac, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 J. 7- 
 
 to seed : in semen Ire ; Varr 
 
 R. R. 161. 
 
 under : subterlalior, subter- 
 
 fundor : v to flow beneath. 
 
 UP : Phr. he ran up temporary 
 
 buildings, aedificia sulntaria constrnxit, 
 Tac. A. 15, 59 or expr. by repente 
 (celeriter, festinanter) aediticare, con- 
 stituere; cf. Hirt. B. G. 8, 5. Fig : to 
 r. up a bill, * (grande) aes alienum con- 
 trahere, conflare (though these exprr. 
 denote rather the incurring of heavy 
 debts, than of a single bill). 
 
 upon, against : I. To meet : 
 
 V. TO meet. Prov. • to r. against the 
 post, in colunmas incurrere, Cic. Or. 67, 
 224. II. To attack : v. TO attack. 
 
 run (subs.) : I. Act of running or 
 sailing : expr. by verb : they had a good 
 r. for it, *summa virium contentione 
 currendum erat : the r. uas too long for 
 their strength, * longius quam pro viri= 
 bus excurrendum erat : v-e made a 
 capital r to Corcyra, Corcyram bellis- 
 sime navigavimus, Cic. Fam. 16, 9. ||, 
 Success of a play : tlic play had a good 
 r., *8aepius (et cum summo plausu) 
 fabu'x. relata est, in sceuam reposita est: 
 cf. Ter. Hec. prol. i, 7 : Hor, A. P. 190. 
 III. Of 'I rabbit, hare, etc. : perh. 
 *cuniculorum (leporum, etc.) iter ; locus 
 ubi cuniculi, etc. meare (permeare) 
 sclent. 
 
 runagate : ) 1. fugitivus ; usu. 
 
 runaway : 'a runaway slave (fugi- 
 tivus a domino, Cic. Verr. 4, 50, 112): 
 Caes. : Hor. • also in gen. sense : cf. Cic. 
 1. c, fugitlvus ab jure et ab legibus: a 
 r, from, business, rei faniiliaris {., Plin. 
 Ep. 9, 28, 4. 2. perh. liigax (given 
 to run away, whereas fugitivus denotes 
 one who has actually absconded) ; play- 
 fully, the i-unagaie I'holoe, Pholoe fugax, 
 Hnr. 
 
 running (subs.) .- cursus, Gs : to out- 
 strip a dog in r. cursu superare canem, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 18, 51. Or by gerund: v. 
 to run. To have a r. at the nose, expr. 
 by humor exit, per nares fertur ; v. to 
 bun (II.). 
 
 running (a<y.); Phr.: r. ivater, 
 aqua viva, Varr. ly. L. ;, 26, I2J: so, 
 flumen vivum, Virg. Aen. 2, 719- Liv. : 
 (lympha fugax describes uater as hur- 
 rying by : Hor. Od. 2, ?, 12): a r. sore, 
 exulceraiio mucosa. Gels. 5, 28, 15 : pus- 
 tula biimida, ib. j 16 (v. ulcer): r. 
 hand, * litterae cursivae (term used by 
 crit1c> to denote the free small writing 
 o/'fOTJW MSS., as distinguished from the 
 large square vrriting in capitals, litterae 
 unciales) to urite a free r. hand, "cala- 
 mo facile libereqiie uti; manu ad scri- 
 benduni facili habilique esse. 
 
 rundlet, or runlet: I. -* small 
 cask : perh. doli61um v. cask. ||, 
 A small stream : 1, rivulus : Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 27, 117. 2. tinuis rivus: Virg. 
 Oeorg. 4, 19. 
 
 rupture (subs.) : |. separation of 
 parties: 1. dissidium ; Cic. Att. i, 
 '■J, 2. 2. discidium: to produce a r., 
 d. parere, Lucr. i, 221: that no r.s lake 
 place between friends, ne qua amicorum 
 d. fiaiit, Cic. Am. 21, 78. 3. seditin : 
 a r. betnven the authors of peace and 
 war, seditio inter belli pacisque auctores, 
 Liv. 2, 16. 4. disjunctio: Cic. Am. 
 21, 76. 5. dissensio; ib. 77. 6. 
 diremtU8,us^ id. Tusc. i, 29, 71. Phr.: 
 to come tt an open r., amicitias repente 
 praecidere, id. Off. i, jj, 120: societatem 
 dirimere, id. Phil. 2, lo, 24: v. sedition, 
 VDAEREL. II. A disease : 1. 
 
 702 
 
 hernia Cels. 7, 17, 18 2. ramex, 
 
 icis, Cels. 1. c. 3. ruptum ■ Plin. 28, 
 11,48. ib. 2?. I, 16. Phr. if any in- 
 ternal r has taken place, quacunque de 
 causa ruptum aliquid inius . . est, Cels. 
 2, 10. 
 rupture (i^-) •• rumpo, abrumpo, } 
 
 V. TO KUKST 
 
 ruptured ; 1. ruptus Mart. 10, 
 56, 8. 2. entgrQcelicus- Plin. 26, 8, 
 49 ; ib. j2, 9, }j. 3. ramlcosus ib. 
 JO, 15,47 
 
 rural : 1. rusticus . r. affairs, 
 res r., Cic. de Or. i. 58, 249; r deities, 
 r. nuniina, Ov Met. 1, 192: r. tribes^ r 
 tribus, Plin. H. N. 18. }. i. 2. raralis 
 (rare) r, work, opus rurale, Macrob. 
 Sat. 5, 2. 3, agrestis r. works, agres- 
 tia opera, <^oL prooem. i, 17. 4. rii- 
 ricQIa (tenanting the country) r. Fauns, 
 ruricolae Fauni, Ov. Met. 6, J92 .- v. 
 
 RUSTIC 
 
 rush (s): 1. carex, Tcis: fed on 
 r.s, carice pastus, Virg. Georg. j, 2ji. 
 
 2. juncus: id. Ek;l i, 49: Plin. 
 21,18,69. 3. scirpus, or sirpus : you 
 are Irxikiiigfar a knot in a r., nodum in 
 scirpo quaeris, Ter. Andr. 5, 4,_J9. 
 
 rushes, bed of : 1. carectum: 
 Virg. Eel. J, 20. 2. juncetum ? Varr 
 R. R. I, 8, }. 
 
 rush, used as adj. : 1. junceus : 
 r. bonds, j. vincla, Ov. Fast. 4, 870. 2. 
 scirpeus, or sirpeus : a r. boat, s. ratis, 
 PI. Aul. 4, I, 9: Varr. L. L. 5. i jg. 
 3. scirpatus, or sirpatus ; r, iMskets, 
 or hampers, sirpata dolia, Varr. L. L. 
 5, Jl. i?7. Phr. : not ivorth a r., vllis- 
 simus, Cic. Cat. i, 8, 21 : do you not 
 think it worth a r., non assis fncls i 
 CatuU. 40, (42), 1} 
 
 basket : scirpfcu'us (sir.) ^ 
 
 Lucil. in Non. : Prop. 
 
 lights ; fl'a scirpeis Prudeni.. 
 
 Cath. 5, 15. 
 
 ring: *scirpeus anulus. Phr.: 
 
 to marry with a r. ring, "ficto matri- 
 monio (Jucere. 
 
 rush, or rushing (subs.) .- 1. im- 
 petus, us tvithagreatr.,instgno\wpetu, 
 Caes. B. G. 2, 6: having made a r., im- 
 petu capto, Liv. 8, jo. 2. incursus, 
 us : the r. of ivaters, incursus undarum, 
 Ov. Met. 11,496. 3. incursio. Join- 
 incursio atque impetus armatorum, Cic. 
 Caec. 15, 44. 4. concursus, us (a 
 general r.) : a r. is made to the prae- 
 lorium, fit c. ad praetorium, Caes. B. C. 
 I, 76 ; a r. having been made from all 
 the camp, c. ex totis castris facto, Liv. 
 25, 59. Phr.- they took lo flight with 
 a r., praecipites fugae sese mandabant, 
 Caes. B. G. 2. 24 : r.of blood, profluvium 
 sanguinis, Lucr. 6, 120} : to make a r.i 
 v. next art. 
 
 rush (f.)." 1. ruo, ui, utum, and 
 ruitum, j : the rivers r.from the moun- 
 tains, ruunt de montibus atones, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 164- others r. to the gates, alii 
 ruunt ad portas, Liv. 25, ^9. 2. 
 f5ror, latus sum ; / r. into flames, in 
 flammas ... feror, Virg. Aen. 2, JJ7: 
 r.s headlong into mischief, per mala 
 praeceps fertur, Hor. S. i, 4, ji : the 
 Rhine r.s rapidly, citatus fertur, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 10. 3. curro, ciicurri, cur- 
 sum, J : V. TO RUN, HASTEN. 
 
 away : avSlo, i : they r. away 
 
 to Rome, avolant Romam, Liv. i, 57 : 
 
 v. TO HASTEN, TO HURRY. 
 
 forth, or forward : 1. pro- 
 
 runipo, rupi, ruptum, j : THber r.s forth 
 to the sea, in mare prorumpit, Virg. Aen. 
 7, ?2 he r.s forth into the midst of the 
 eiiemii, densos prorumpit in hosies, ib. 
 10, J79. 2. proripio, ui, reptum, i : 
 with ace. of refl.pron. : they r. forth from 
 the gate, sese porta foras proripiunt, 
 Caes. B.C. 1,11: he r.'d out of the senate- 
 house, se ex curia proripuit, Liv. 8, jo. 
 
 3. prOfnndo, fQdi, fusum, } : with 
 ace. of refl. pron. : the whole body of 
 archers r.'d forth, omnis multitude 
 sagittariomm se profudit, Caes. B. C. 
 
 on, or into : 1. irruo, i 
 
 when they r into evil knouingly, quum 
 in mala sclentes irruunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 
 
 29: Decius r.'d into the midst of the 
 host, in mediam aciem Irruebat, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 19, 61 Aeneas r.s on, Aeneas 
 irruit, Virg. Aen. 10, 579. 2. inf^ror, 
 J, irr. : he r.s into the midst of the flres, 
 in medics ignes infertur, Liv. 4, jj. So, 
 infero with ace. ol refl.. pron. : that no 
 one should r. into danger of his life, rxe 
 quis se in vitae dlscrimen inferret, Cic. 
 Balb. 10, 25 : the Etruscans r.'d on with 
 such violence, adeo concitato Impetu se 
 intulerunt,Liv 2,14. 3. injicio, jeci, 
 jectum, 5 • with ace. of refl. pron.: 1 had 
 heard that men of high renoum had r.'d 
 into the midst of the enemy, clarissimos 
 viros se in medics hostes .... injecisse, 
 Auct. Dom. 24, 64. 4. incite, i : with 
 ate. of refl. pron. : others r. from the 
 camp, alii ex castris sese incitanl, Caes. 
 B. C. 2, 14: when the tide had r.'d in 
 from the deep, quum ex alto se aestus 
 incitavisset, id. B. G. j, 12. 5. inv61o, 
 1 : .•^quillus r.s on Longinus, Longinum 
 SquiUus involat, Hirt. Alex. 52. 6. 
 incurso, i : / will r on you with fists, 
 iucursabo (te) pugnis, PI. Rud. j, 4, 17 : 
 to r. on the enemy, incursare in hostem, 
 Liv. 8, j8. 7. occurso. i : Varenus r.s 
 upon him with his sword, occursat gladio, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 44. 8. irrunipo, riipi, 
 ruptum he r.s on that part of tlie 
 e>iem!/,in eam (partem) irrumpit, ib. : v. 
 
 TO ATTACK. 
 
 rush out : 1. evSlo, 1 : suddenly 
 they r.'d out from, all parts of the wood, 
 ex omnibus partibus silvae evolaverunt, 
 id. B. G. i, 28. 2. erumpo, rvipi, rup- 
 tum, i : the soldiers r.'d out by the 
 gates, milites portis erumpere. Sail. Jug. 
 99. Also wiih ace. of refl. pron. : portis 
 se foras erumpunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 14. 
 3. effundo, fiidi, fusum, } : with 
 ace. of refl. pron. : when all the croivd 
 had r.'d out, ubi omnis multitude se 
 effudisset, Liv. 29, J4. 4. ev6ho, vexi, 
 vectum, }: with ace. of refl. pron.; 
 r.ing out unguardedly, iucaute se eve- 
 hentes, ib. 
 
 rushing (<«?;.) •• 1. praeceps, cip- 
 itis: r. (in waterfalls) Anio, pr. Anio, 
 Hor. Od. I, 7, ij : r. Boreas, pr. Boreas, 
 Ov. Met. 2, 185. 2. torrens: r. 
 streams, t. flumina, Virg. Eel. 7, 52 : like 
 r. water, terrentis aquae mere, id. Aen. 
 10, 60?. 
 
 rushy : made of rushes : 1, Jun» 
 ceus ; r. chains, j. vincla, Ov. Fast. 4, 
 870. 2. juiicinus : oil of r.s, oleum j., 
 Plin. 15, 7, 7, (j JO. 3. scirpeus 
 
 (sir.): a r. image s. imago, Ov. Fast. 
 5, 659. 4. juncosus : planted with 
 rushes : r. slwres, j. liltera, Ov. Met. •}, 
 231. 
 
 rusk ; perh. 1, crustum : Virg. 
 Aen. 7, 114. 2. crustiilum: Hor S. 
 I, I, 75 : crustulum siliglneum : Sen. Ep. 
 1 2 J, 2. 3. libum . Cato R. R. 74. 
 
 russet (adj) ■■ 1. rufus : Mart. 14, 
 129. 2. rufiilus: Phn. 25, ij, 94. 
 3. russus: Gell. 2, 26, 6. 4. 
 ravus- Hor. Od. j, 27, i. 5. sub- 
 russus : PI. Capt. }, 4, 115. 6, fulvus • 
 Hor. Od. 4, 4, 14. (v. ruddt). 
 
 russet (subs.) : a. sort of apple : 
 *malum fulvum, or femigiueum. 
 
 rust (subs.) : 1. gen. term : ro- 
 bigo or riibigo, Tnis, f. : corroding r., 
 scabra r., Virg. G. i, 495. Fig. : talent 
 injured by long r., ingenium longa r. 
 laesum, Ov. Trist. 5, 12, 21 : a disease 
 in corn: Virg. G. 1, 151. 2. r. of 
 iron: ferriigo, Plin. 2}, 8. 79. 3. 
 r of copper (verdigris) : aerugo, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 14, }2. 4. situs, lis : r. 
 
 seizes the soldiers' arms, occupat arma 
 silus, Tibull. I, II, 50. Fig.: the mind 
 contracts r. in darkness, mens in opaco 
 situm ducit. Quint, i, 2, 18. 
 
 rusi ('.)•• A. Intrans.: 1. 
 expr by robigo, with a verb: to r. more 
 quickly, celerius r. trahere, Plin. J4, 9, 
 21 : cf rohigine infestari, id. 54, 1 5, 4? ; 
 robiginem semire, id. J4, 14, 41. 2. 
 very rare, robieino, i . Apul. (te be 
 avoided). 3. Fig.: torpeo, 2, torpes- 
 co, pui, } : they aWiw their talent to r., 
 ingenium torpescere sinunt, Sail. Jug. 2: 
 V. BOSTT, TO BECOME. P h T. : to r. away
 
 RUSTIC 
 
 SAC 
 
 S A CKEK 
 
 (fig.), situ corrumpi ; situm dueere : 
 V. preced. art. B. Trans., expr. by 
 rCbigo and a verb ; tlie earth r.s iron ; 
 terra ferro robigineni obducil, Plin. i"}, 
 4. hi 21- 
 
 rustic (.O'lj) ■• 1. rustlcns : belong- 
 ing to the country : r. manners, r. life, 
 r. nidres, r. vita, Cic. R. Am. 27, "js. 
 2, agrestis (usu. implying boorish- 
 ness) : the r. mouse, agreslis, Hor. S. 2, 
 6, q8 . Cic. Rose. Am. 1. c 3. riirl- 
 c6Ia (poet.); r. oxen, rurlcolac boves, 
 Ov. Mel. J, 479 : r. Fauns, rurlcolae 
 Faani. ib. 6. 192. 4. rurigCna (poet.) : 
 ib. 76;. Join: subagreste quiddam 
 planeque subrustlcum, Cic. Brut. 74, 
 259. 
 
 rustic (.subs.) : 1. rustlcus : Hor. 
 Kp. 1, 2, 42: Ov. 2. agrestis: esp. 
 in pi. : guds 0/ the r.s, agrestum nuniina, 
 Virg. (ieorg. i, 10: Cic. Mur. 29- Ov. 
 
 rusticate: A. luirans. : 1. 
 rusticor, i : Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 22. 2. 
 ruri liabito, i: id. Off. ?, }i, 112. 3. 
 ruri vitam ago : Ter. Ad. i, i, 20. B. 
 Trans.: 1. rglego, i : v. to banish. 
 2. in rus amando, i : cf. Cic. Alt. 7, 
 li, }. Phr. : he r.d his son, tilium ruri 
 babitare Jus.sit, id. Off. I.e. 
 
 rustication : exsiiium. 
 
 rusticity : rustlcltas, Ov. A. A. J. 
 128: Suel. Jul. 5;. 
 
 rustle : 1. erSpo, ul. Ttum, I : 
 
 r.ing folds, sinus crepantes, Virg. Aen, 
 II. 775. 2. crepito, i : the b)anch r.d 
 with the iiind, crepilaliai braclea vento, 
 ib. 6, 209. 3. siisurro : the breath of 
 the r.ing tcind, aura susurrantis venti, 
 Cule.\, 154. 4. iuhorresco, borrui : 
 Hor. Od. I, 2j, 5. 
 
 rustling (adj) •• Phi.: the r. grove, 
 argutum nemus, Virg. Eel. 8, 2 : the 
 whispering {rustling) pines, pini lo- 
 quentes, ib. 
 
 rustling (.subs.) .• l. stridor, oris : 
 of locusts' u'inys: Plin. 11, 29, J5. $ 104. 
 2. siisurrus : Auct. Culex, 120. 
 
 rusty: I. Lit.: robiginOsus: a 
 weapon r. tvith blood, telum sanguine r., 
 Apul. 1)6 Socr. 5, p. 45, Elm. 2. 
 
 aeruginosus : r. plates, aer. lamellae, 
 Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, init. ||. ^'ot 
 siveet : rancidus : Hor. S. 2, 2, 89. 
 Fig.: crofs. ill-tempered. Join; 
 difficilis ac moru.sus : Cic. Or. 29, 104. 
 
 . to become: 1. robiginem 
 
 traho, xi, ctum, j : Plin. H. N. 54, 9, 21. 
 2. robiginem sentio, si, sura, 4: ib. 
 14, 41. 3. robigiue infestor, ib. 15, 
 4J 4. robigiue sqnaleo' Quint. 10, 
 I, io. 
 
 rut (subs.) : a wheel track: orbita: 
 scarcely to see the r., vix impressam or- 
 bitam videre, Cic. Alt. 2, 21. 
 
 rut (I'O- '" '""'^ sexual desire (of 
 animals): 1, lascivio: Col. 6, 24, 2. 
 2. desidero. i : Col. ib. 27, i. 3. 
 concubilum sollicito, Virg (j. j, ijo. 
 Rutting season : tempora concubitus, 
 Col. 8, 15, 7. 
 
 ruth : ^'- I'lTv, subs. 
 
 ruthless: 1. illacrlmabtlis: Hor. 
 Od. 2, 14, 6. 2. immitis : Virg. Georg. 
 4, 492 : V. prriLESs. 
 
 ruthlessly : v. harshly, severf.f.t. 
 
 rye: sfcale, Plin. 18, 16,40. *secale 
 cereale, Liun. 
 
 ergot of : * secale cornutum, 
 
 Eng. Cycl. 
 
 rye-grass : * lolium perenne : Eng. 
 Cycl. 
 
 • Italian : * loUum Itallcum, ib. 
 
 s. 
 
 SABAOTH : Sabaoth (the heavenly 
 hoists) : Hebr. word : Prud. 
 
 Sabbatarian : *sabbatarius (quem 
 dicunt). 
 
 Sabbath : I. Jewish : sabbata, 
 
 orum, n. pi. (sing, does not occur) : to 
 fast on the S., sabbatis jejuniuni servare, 
 Suet. Aug. 76 : Hor. • Juv. : to keep the 
 S., sabbatizo, l : Tert. adv. Jud. fin. 
 (= sabbaia servo, observo) : to break 
 
 the S., *s. vlolare, negllgere, non servare. 
 II. Sabbaths, for Jewish fesilvals In 
 general (as perhaps OjIoss. ii. i6) ; out- 
 landish festioaJs, peregrina sabbata, Ov 
 K. Am. 219, 220. ubscrsani ubi festa 
 mero pede sabbata reges, Juv. 6, 159: 
 recutitjique sabbata palles. Hers. 5, 184: 
 perh. the feasts of the new moon, trice- 
 sima sabbata (i. e. the joth of the 
 month), Hor. Sat. I, 9, 69. |||, Fig. 
 a season of rest (i. e. sabbath of re- 
 lease, Daniel : the eternal s., Dryden : 
 s. of the tomb. Pope) ■ sabbata ; sabha- 
 tlsmus, I, m. (o-a/S/SaTto-fios), Vulg. Heb. 
 iv. 10: Aug. C. 1). 22, 10 • *quiis ilia 
 coelestls, dlvlna, aeterna, etc (N'.l$. — 
 When Sabbath is used for Sunday, it 
 should be translated by sabbata.) 
 
 sabbath - breaker : * sabbatomm 
 negligens. 
 
 - — - -keeping : sabbatismus, Vulg. 
 Hebr. iv. 9. 
 
 SabbatiCi and -al : sabbatarius, e. g. 
 luxus, Sid. Kp. I, 2, med. Or use gen. 
 of sabbaia : v. sabuath. 
 
 Sabine or savin : o. sort of juniper 
 
 (Juniperus Sabina, Liiin.), used for in- 
 cense. 1, herba Siblna, Cato, R. K. 
 70: Ov. F. I, J4J ; or sabina (alone), 
 Plin. 16, 20, J). 2. brathy, ys, n. 
 (Pfldev). Plin. 24, II, 61. 
 
 sable : I. -^ small animal of the 
 weasel family : * mustela zil>ellina, 
 l.,lnn. *sal)elluni, sabellinum, DuCange : 
 (a native of Siberia, little if at all known 
 to the ancients : the only classical equi- 
 valent is mus, miiris, c, under which 
 generic name all the weasel family were 
 included : v. Smith's Lat. I Met. s. v). 
 II. The slcin or fur of the sable: 
 *peliis zibellina: *pellis sabellina, Du 
 Cange: murina pellis, Just. 2, 2: a dress 
 of S.S, •sabellinum indumentum, Pu 
 Cange: * indumentum ex pellibus zibel- 
 liiiis consarclnatum (Georges): to be 
 dressed in s.s, * tergis zibellinarum 
 indutum esse (Georges). 
 
 sable (odj-) .■ from I he dark sum- 
 mer-colour of the skin of the sable. 
 I. Black (in heraldiy) : dark, sombre 
 (poet.), with specific reference to dreis 
 aad persim, esp. as an epithet of night: 
 1. caeriileus ((cuai'to^) : c. puppis 
 (Charontis), Virg. Aen. 6, 410: c. n<jx, 
 Stat, S. I, 6, 85 : e. umbra noctis, id. 
 Th. 2, 528. 2. aie-, uox atra, Virg. 
 Aen. 1, 89, etpass. : used with caeruleus : 
 slant manibus arae, caeruleis moestae 
 vittis atraque cupresso, id. j, 6?, 4: the 
 sable mantle or vest of night (Spenser, 
 Milton), atra vestis, Stat. Th. 7, 244. 
 3. niger : nigrae silvae. Hor. Od. i , 
 21, 7: nigra nox, Ov. Met. i;, 187. 
 Phr.: night, etc., in their sabU anns 
 embrace the fleet (Waller), trans, fr. 
 Virg. Aen. 8, 569, nox ruit et fuscis 
 tellurem amplectitur alls ; cf. black, 
 DARK. II. As subs, in pi. ; sables = 
 mourning robes (e. g. a suit of sables, 
 Shaksp.): nigra vestis, Juv. 10, 245: 
 pullus ornatus : cf. pullis togis amicti, 
 Inscr. : v. wonRNiaa. 
 
 sabot (Fr) ■ "■ uooden shoe, worn by 
 peasants, anciently by slaves : 1. pi. 
 sculpongae. arum,/.; you ought to give 
 (your fai~m servants') good sabots every 
 other year, s. lx)nas alteniis annis dare 
 oportet, Cato, R. R. 59; dislinguished 
 from soleae, St. Emlto .... solf;is, Ch. 
 Qui quaeso potins quam sculponeas, 
 qulbus batuatur tlbi os? Plaut. Cas. 2, 
 8. 59. 2. ligneae s5l6ae (put on a 
 parricide when he was to be executed), 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 149. 
 
 sabre: a cavalry sword: 1. gladius. 
 i, m. (gen term) : v. sword. 2. aci- 
 nices, is, m. (I'ers.) : the Median s., Medus 
 a., Hor. Od. I, 27, 5. 
 
 sabulosity (rare): sand, grit: 6&- 
 bfilo, oiiis, m., Varr. R. R. I, 9, 5 : sabu- 
 luui, i, n. : Plin. 17, 4. ?. 
 
 sabulous (rare) : sibulosus, a, um : 
 
 V. SANDV. 
 
 sac : (in anatomy and nat. his-t.), a 
 membranous bay or pouch. \, foUis 
 (= pellis) : used of the stomach, Macr. S. 
 7. 4- 2. lolliculus, i, m. (— vulva, 
 Serv. Virg. G. }, i}6): v. pocch. 
 
 saccharine: •sacchariuus- y.eoax*. 
 
 sacerdotal: pertaining ^J a priett, 
 saccrdotalis, e . «. ganuj (givin by the 
 priests on entering office), ludi »., PUn. 
 Ep. 7, 24: of Suit. Aug. 44, fn.: 
 s. name, nomen s.. Macr S. j, 5 s. office, 
 dignity, orders, sacerdoiium, Cic. Verr. 
 
 2, 2, 51, 126. V. PBI^STHO0D. 
 
 sachel : v. satchel. 
 
 sack (subs.) : |, A large strong 
 
 bag : \, saccus, 1, m. ((roxicot), gen. 
 of cloth : a mule was carrying tackt 
 bulging out xcilh a ijuantity of barley, 
 tiiinentes mulio saccos hordeo, Ph*.-dr z, 
 
 7, }: Cic. Vi-rr. 2, I, J8, 9;. 2 cQifius 
 or culleus, i, m. (<coA<6f, Ion. irovA«k, 
 a sheath), of battier, Jor hiding liquult . 
 Plaut. Ps. I. 2, 78 : esp. the mck in uhidi 
 a parricute uat sen n up Jur execution, 
 Cic. Inv 2, 50. 149. Suit. Aug. jj Jut 
 
 8, 214- seicn up in a sack, Insutus in 
 culeum . . . vitam aiiiittert',Cic. R. *tn , 
 II, !0. 3. folllcuhis. a smalt tackt 
 v. BAG. II. A measure of coals, com, 
 etc. : saccus, the gen. term, is btst, as 
 our sayck is variable thecnleus(= 20 
 amphorae, nearly 1 19 galls.) i.-. to" large, 
 and was a liquid measure . when detinite 
 (r. g =4 bushehi uf lom), say xxxiL 
 niodii. III. A II Oman's loose robr. also, 
 a dress of sackcUMi, saccus : Hier. Ep X4. 
 
 IV. 'i'he talcing and pillaging 0/ a 
 city or territory, direplio, oni.s /. ; the 
 flurming and sojckof a luu-n, expugnatio 
 d.que oppidi, suet. CL 21 Oie pillage 
 and sack of the allies, expilatio dirtp- 
 tioque sociorum, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75 ■ v. 
 PILLAGE. V, A suxet uhite wine (the 
 name is said to be derived from iieque, 
 in Morocco), old gen. name of Spanish 
 white u-ines, esp. Shenis (i. e. i'erts) 
 sack, now sherry, and Canary sack 
 (.Shaksp.) : vinum Hispanicum, *Cana- 
 rieiise, or gen. vinum. 
 
 sack (<■'■ d.) : I. Obsol., tofut into 
 o sai:k {or sacks), * in saccum (saccoa) 
 condere. ||. To plunder and lay uatte 
 (esp. a city taken by storm). 1. di- 
 ripio, ui, eplum, j . to s. a town, oppidum 
 d.,Caes. B.C. i, 21 to s. huusts, lectad., 
 Liv. ;, 41 : to s. temples, d. lenipla hos- 
 tillter, id. i7, 21 ; (the soldiers) ditperted 
 to s. the city, ad diripi< iidam urbem 
 passim discurrerunt : (but Aeinilius re- 
 called them, saying) that cities are s.'d 
 when taken, not icA«i suirendered, 
 captas, non deditas, diripi urbts, Id. J7, 
 }2,./i«. 2. vasio, I (esp. of a country, 
 as, I'll sack this country ivith a mutiny, 
 Shalup.): V. Italiam. Cic Cat. 4,6, I j 
 partem provinciac incursiouibus. Cat's 
 U. G. 5, I. 3. popQlor, I : (also of a 
 country and lands e. g. What barbaroiu 
 invadei- sacked the landr l>enham) 
 noctu populabatur agros, Cic Off. i, 10, 
 fin. 4. sp6lio, I : spoliatis effoesisque 
 domibus, Caes. B. G. }, 42 : s. fana socio- 
 rum, Cic. Sul. 2;, .I'm. : delubtiJ, Sail. C. 
 
 II : v. PILLAGE, PLllNDKR. 
 
 sackage : = sack. subs.. No. IV. 
 
 Sackbut : obs. (except in Dan. ill. J, 
 where it is a Inistran^lalion ol sambaca, 
 aafi^vKr), a triangular stringed instru- 
 ment of a sharp tone), the s. was a (<aH 
 trumpet uith a slide, like the modem 
 trombone (the sagbut de^p, Drayton): 
 buccina, ae, /., and coriiu, us or u, n., 
 ma.v perhaps be u.sed. 
 
 sackcloth: the coarse duth of \ehick 
 sacks are made, esp. worn next the skin 
 by way of penunce. |. The material 
 and dress itself : 1. saccus, 1, m. .- v. 
 sack: or, with sp<x-lal reference to the 
 material, (i.) profx-rly, of hemp, •caiuia- 
 bum (sc. textum). vi>sils caunablna- 
 (il.) of flax, llnleum, i, n. (esp. used for 
 sailcloth): v. canvas. 2. = hair- 
 
 cloth, cillciura, i. n. (■ciAuctof). the goat's 
 hair cloth made in I'ilicia for tetitt: 
 Cic Verr. 2. i, j8, 95 : LIv. j8. 1. pott 
 med. II. Fig. : for mourning and 
 mortification : loga sordida : in sack- 
 cloth ami ashes, sordid.itus, Cic Verr 
 2, 2, 2;, 62 : V. l)ict. ol Ant. s. v. Toga 
 in luctu et squalore, Metell. ap. Cic 
 Fani. ?, I. 
 
 sacker : one who tack* : direptor 
 (rare; : wmUd Antony have been Ih^ 
 
 •JOJ
 
 S A CK ING 
 
 SACRIFICEK 
 
 SADDLE 
 
 gttardian or the sacker and ravofier of 
 the city ^ custosne urbis, an direptor et 
 vexator esset Antonius? Cic. Phil. }, ii, 
 
 I^ ; V. PLUNDERER. 
 
 sacking : I, The s. of a city, 
 
 etc. = SACK, stibs.. No. IV., 17. v. ||. 
 A stout cloth, used for supporting a bed : 
 1. linteum, i, n. : v. canvas, sack- 
 cloth. 2. instita, ae, /. (properly a 
 girth) : Petr. 97. P h r. : tenta cubilia, 
 Hor. Epod. 12, 1%. 
 
 sacking : cl kind of coarse cloth : 
 *textilium genus crassum atque asper- 
 um : V. SACKCLOTH : jtiode of s., sacceus, 
 Hier. 
 
 sacrament : sacramentum : Scrr. 
 Eccl. : also mysterium may sometimes 
 serve : v. mtstekv. 
 
 sacramental : ad sacramentum 
 (sacramenta) pertinens ; or by gen. : 
 e. g. they believe in s. efficacy,* mysticam 
 quandam vim in sacramentis inhaerere 
 credunt : the great s. controversy, 
 * magna ilia de vi proprietatibusque 
 sacramentorum controversia. 
 
 sacred : 1. sacer, era, crum 
 (most gen. term : set apart and reli- 
 giously regarded) : a s. grove, lucus s., 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 761 : et pass. (opp. pro- 
 fanus, not consecrated). 2. sanctus 
 (denoting the quality which is the con- 
 sequence of a thing being sacer or 
 devoted to a deity ; inviolate) : the tri- 
 bunes of the comirums are to be s. (in- 
 violate), trr. pi sancti sunto, Cic. 
 
 Leg. J, J, 9 : a very s. day, dies sanctis- 
 simus, id. Verr. 4, 67, i ; 1 : U v. Join: 
 sanctus angustusque [tons], Cic. Tusc. 5, 
 12, fin. , sanctus integerque, id. R. Am. 
 j9, 109. 3. sacrosanctus (formally 
 placed under the protection of religion, 
 inviolate : legal term, and stronger than 
 preced.) : Cic. IJal. 14 (sacrosanctum esse 
 nihil potest, nisi quod populus plebesve 
 sanxisset): Li v. 2, jj, init. (of the tri- 
 bunes). 4. StUguslas (consecrated by due 
 formalities and with proper auspices ; 
 hence, venerable, regarded with awe : 
 cf. Ov. F. I, 609. augusta vocantur 
 templa saxerdotum rite dicata manu) : 
 Join: [Eleusis] sancta et augusta, 
 Cic. N. D. I, 42, fin. 5. sometimes 
 divinus (relating to God. the gods) ; or 
 expr. by religio, religioues, etc. : a s. 
 poem. * carmen divinum : a s. war, 
 *bellum pro religionibus susceptum 
 (R. and A.) : to regard a place as 
 extremely s., locum summa caerimonia 
 colere, Nep. Them. 8. 
 
 sacredly : '• e. vHh the most scru- 
 pulous fidelity. 1. sancte : to pre- 
 serve anything nwst s., aliquid sanctis- 
 simo servare, Cic. K. Com. 2, Jin. : 
 Quint. 2. religiose : v. .scrdpu- 
 
 LODSLY. 3. pie (untk dutiful and 
 pious feeling) : Join: pie inviolate- 
 que [memoriam servare], Cic Sen. 22, 
 extr. : pie sancteque [colere decs], id. 
 N. D. I, 20. 4. expr. by phr., cum 
 summa religione, summa religione ad- 
 hibita: v. scrupulousness. 
 
 sacredness : sanctitas : Llv. 44, 29 
 
 [s. teniplij : Suet. Or expr. by adj. : 
 
 nothing could exceed the s.of * niliil 
 
 magis sanctum esse posset, etc. 
 
 sacrifice (subs.) -. |. L i t., the act 
 of formally devoting something to a 
 deity : 1, sacrificium : to offer or 
 perform a s., s. [publicum] agere, Cic. 
 Br. 14, 56; tacere, id. Ph. 5, 9, 24: to 
 forbid a person to take part in s.s, 
 sacrificiis aliquem interdicere,Caes.B.G. 
 6, I }. 2. res divina : esp. in phr., to 
 offer s., rem d. facere, Cic. N. D. j, 18, 
 47 : Ter. : Suet. (Both the preced. 
 phrr. are somewhat more comprehensive 
 than Eng., including any formal act of 
 devotion.) 3, sacra, orum (esp. of 
 
 stated religious services or s.s) : to 
 worship icith annual s.s, annuls sacris 
 colere, Cic. Verr. 4, {9, 84: Curt. To 
 offer s.: (1.) sacrltico. 1: Cic: v. to 
 SACRIFICE (A., 1,). Also as pass, im- 
 pers.: s. was offered by the matrons, a 
 matronls sacrificatum est, Liv. 27, J7, 
 mM. (2.) immolo, i ; with like constr. 
 tn precftd. : v. to sacrifice (A., I., 4). 
 (3.; facio, 3 (Gr. peCeiv), in the poets 
 704 
 
 foil, by abl. of Wie victim offered : Virg. 
 E. Ji 77 (quum faciam vitula, ivken I 
 shall offer s. with a calf) (4.) 6p6r- 
 or, I ; esp. in^. part. , engaged in offer- 
 ing s., operatus, Virg. G. I, ?J9: lac 
 A. 2, 14 (vidit se operatum, et sa»i^ui«e 
 sacro respersa praetexta. . .). See also 
 TO sacrifice. II. The victim: vic- 
 tlma, hostia : v. victim. Oft. best 
 expr. by immolo, i : xrhat s.s should be 
 offered to each deity, quibus hostiis im- 
 molandum cuique deo, Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 
 29 : to offer human ss, homines im- 
 molare, Caes. B. G. 6, 16. |||, Any 
 loss, esp. one voluntarily incurred : 
 
 1. jactiira (strictly, the throwing of 
 goods ot^erboard to lighten a ship) : 
 (to do anything) at a heavy s. (or cost), 
 magnis jacturis, Caes. B. G. 6, 12 : also, 
 magna jactura, Cic Clu. 8. 2. detri- 
 mentum: v. loss. 3. damnum (a 
 heavier loss than detrimentum) : vnth 
 the s. of her own bl-ood (offspring), 
 damno sanguinis, Phaedr. i, 28, 10. 
 
 sacrifice (f)- A. Lit. : |. 
 In trans.: to offer sacrifice. 1. 
 sacrifico, i : Cic. N. D. 2. 27, init. (prin- 
 ceps in sacriflcamlo) : PI. 2. sacri- 
 ficium, s. rem divlnam facio, j (the 
 usu. phr. to denote religious services in 
 general, public or private) : v. preced. 
 an. (I,). 3. also simply facio, in both 
 cases with abl. of victim offered; and 
 operor, esp. in p. part, operatus, id. 
 (I., ^»?.). 4. immolo, i (less freq. 
 without a subs, denoting the victim) : 
 as he was s.ing before the praetorium, 
 quum immolaret ante p., Cic. Div. i, jj. 
 72. Also as pass, impers., immolatur, 
 s. is offered, they s. : v. preced. art. 
 CI., 4). Other phrr. of general import 
 may sometimes serve, e. g. sacris in- 
 teresse, operam dare ; deos sacris (sacri- 
 ficiis) colere: ib. (I.); and comp. rite, 
 WORSHIP. II, Trans.: 1. im- 
 
 m61o, I : to s. an ox to the Muses, Musis 
 bovem i., Cic. N. 1). }, j6, 88 : Caes. 
 
 2. sacrifico, i (not as I'erb trans, in 
 Cic.) : to s. cattle with due forma.lity, 
 pecora rite s., Liv. 41, 18, med. : rarely 
 with abl. of victim: PI. 3. macto, I 
 (archaic and poet.) : to s. picked .':heep 
 according to custom, lecta.s m. de more 
 bidentes, Virg. Aen. 4, 57 : Cato : Lucr. 
 
 4. caedo, j (simply, to slaughter ; 
 hence requiring something in context 
 to define) : Cic. Clu. 68, fin., deorum 
 mentes caesis hostiis placare (where 
 hostiis indicates the act of s.ing) : Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 96 (caedit binas de more 
 bidentes). 5. facio, j (intrans.) ; usu. 
 with abl. : T. sacrifice, subs. (1., fin.) ; 
 supr. (A., I., 3). B. Fig-: I. To 
 surrender to destruction .- Phr. : to s. 
 one's life for another, for the state, 
 vltam pro aliquo [patria] profimdere, 
 cf. Cic. Off. I, 24: pro patria occumbere, 
 se morti tradere (v. behalf of) : he s.d 
 one half of his army in order to save 
 the otfier, *exercitus alterius partis 
 salutem alterius partis damno redemit 
 (v. SACRIFICE, subs.. 111.). ||. To in- 
 cur any loss, give up out of regard to 
 some one else : 1. expr. by Jacturam 
 fiicio, with depend, pen. .- not to s. the very 
 least portion of glory, ne minimani qui- 
 dem gloriae j. facere, Cic. Off. i, 24, 84 : 
 V. preced. art. (III.). 2. condono, i 
 (to do something contrary to one's oifn 
 feelings out of regard for another) : tn 
 s. all private animosities to the good of 
 the state, omnes inimicitias reipublicae 
 c, Cic Ph. 5, 18, 50: Sail. Jug. 79 (se 
 vitamque suam reipublicae c) : (Jaes. 
 
 3. concedo, permitto, etc. : v. to 
 GIVE UP. Phr.: to be ivilling to s. 
 one's own interest for another, pvnecom- 
 modo alicujus omnia sua posthabere 
 [negligere], ba.sed on Ter. Ad. 2, j, 9 : to 
 s. one's mvn interest to the good of the 
 state, *privatas utili tales civitatis 
 [patriae] saluti posthabere (or expr. by 
 anteponere, anteterre, with reversed 
 coDstr.) : V. to prefer. 
 
 sacrificer : 1. popa (the officiat- 
 ing minister of the priest, who tn'ough t 
 the victim to the altar and felled it ivith 
 on axe): Suet. Cal. }2: Cic. 2 in 
 
 gen. sense, a person engaged in offering 
 sacrifice, expr. by imperf. part, of 
 sacrifico, immolo : v. to sacrifice. 
 (Not however in nam. sing., see L. G. 
 j 6?8: this may be expr. by is qui 
 sacriticat, etc.) 
 
 sacrificial : sacrif Icus (poet.) : s. 
 axe, securis s., Ov. M. 12, 249 (in prose 
 simply culter or malleus : for the latter 
 term [ = pole-axe], see Suet. Cal. J2). 
 (Usu. better expr. by sacrificium, -a : e. g., 
 to write concerning s. observances, •de sa- 
 crificiis[sacrific!oruminstitutis]scribere: 
 to have a s. nature, *sacrificii naturam 
 habere.) 
 
 sacrificially; *sacrificii loco. 
 
 sacrilege : 1. sacrilggium (not in 
 Cic, but perfectly good for legal lang., 
 as a «. t.) : Quint. 7, }, 10, where it is 
 thus defined : s. est, rem sacram de 
 templo sum'pere : pi. = acts of s.. Suet. 
 Caes. 54, extr. 2. expr. by circuml. : 
 e. g. sacrum auferre, Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40 : 
 templum (fanum) diripere, spoliare, vio- 
 lare, cf. id. Verr. 4, 62, i}<): Liv. 29, 18: 
 also, to rob, pillage. Sometimes expr. 
 by sacrilegus : cf. Cic. Leg. 1. c, sacrilege 
 poena est .... (there is a penalty for 
 sacrilege). Phr.: to be guilty of s. 
 (lay sacrilegious hands on anything), 
 sacrilegas manus admovere (thesauris), 
 Liv. 29, 18, TJi^d. : in more gen. terms, 
 piaculum committere, ib. : v. profana- 
 tion. 
 
 sacrilegious: sacrilggus: Liv.: V. 
 sacrilege, extr. Esp. as subs., sacri- 
 legus, a s. person : Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40 : 
 Quint, 
 
 sacrilegiously : impig, spreta reli- 
 gione, etc. ; V. IMPIOUSLJT, PROFANELY. 
 
 More precisely expr. by sacrilegus, adj. : 
 e. g. «. to appropriate ..... sacrilegas 
 admovere manus . . . . : v. sacrilege, 
 extr. 
 sacrilegiousness ; impietiis ; or 
 
 expr. by sacrilegium : v. impiety, sa- 
 crilege. 
 
 sacristan : aeditnus, custos (tem- 
 pi!): Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 96. (Aediiuus 
 also appears in forms, aeditumus and 
 aeditimus, which are thought to be 
 older.) 
 
 sacristy : sacrarium (a kind of' cha- 
 pel tvhere holy things were kept) : Cic. : 
 Liv. 
 
 sad : \. Feeling sadness : 1. 
 tristis, e (most gen. term) : pass. Join: 
 tristis, demissus, Cic. Mur. 21, 45 : tristis 
 et conturbatus, id. Verr. 4, 14, }2. Some- 
 U'hat s., subtristis, Ter. Andr. 2, 6, 16 : 
 very s., pertristis (rare), Cic. poet. Div. 
 I. 8, 14. 2. moestus, more correctly, 
 maestus, (mournfid ; bearing the shorn 
 of grief on one's countenance and ex- 
 terior generally) : s. and troubled coun- 
 tenance, m. et conturbatus vultus, Auct 
 Her. }, i;, 27: Virg. Join: moestus 
 tristisque, PI. : m. ac soUicitus, Hor. S. 
 I, 2, ? : V. MOURNFUL. To be sad, 
 moerere, in tristitia ac moerore esse ; 
 jacere (to be quite prostrate) : v. to 
 grieve; GKiEF. II. Causing sadness ; 
 distressing : 1. tristis : a sad lot, t. 
 sors, Cic. Mur. 20, 42 : Liv. 2. acerbus 
 (keenly distressing) : a s. conflagration, 
 a. incendium, Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61. 3. 
 misgrandus, niisgrabilis : v. miserable, 
 pitiable. III. Colloquially, in such 
 phrr. as, a sad rogue : expr. by germanus, 
 genuine, thorough (cf. Cic. Att. 4, 5, scio 
 me asiimm germanum fuisse), or with 
 adj., plane (v. altog ether) : you s. dog ! 
 improbe ! v. rascal, rogue. 
 
 sadden ; contristo, i : Coel. in Cic. 
 Fam. 8, 9, extr. : Sen. Or expr. by cir- 
 cuml., ue were not a little s.'d by this 
 neivs, *nos hie nuntius cunctos tristitia 
 affecit, tristes demissosque reddidit : 
 see also to grieve. 
 
 saddle (subs.) ; 1. gphippium (Gr. 
 e^in-n-ioi/ ; the use of the saddle being 
 learned from the Greeks) : Cic. Fin. j, 4, 
 15 (where it is referred to as a word 
 current, but of questionable authority): 
 e&p.pl. : to ride ivith a s., ephippiis uti, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 2 : Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 4} 
 (optat ephippia bos piger, optat arare 
 caballus) : a s.-korse, (equus) ad ephip-
 
 SADDLE 
 
 SAFETY 
 
 S A I T, 
 
 I>'nm. Varr. K. R. i, -„ fin. (See Diet. I 
 AM. p. 464.) 2. sella Gate) : hortes \ 
 J\ir \car, the race-course, the «., proeliis, I 
 circo, sellis f utiles equi], Veg. Vet. 4, b, 
 itiit. : and a little further on, ad iitum 
 sellae Persis nieliorcs equos praestat. 
 iSlragulum = hurse-doth , whereas 
 ephlppium di-notes o proper saddle.) 
 Phr. : some horses are better fitted fur 
 the s., otiiers for drau/jht, equi alii 
 melius equitem patiuntur alii jugum 
 (K and A.) and v. sup): : to be firm 
 in tlie s., equo firraiter Insidere, cf. Llv. 
 7, 6: in equo fbcnej haerere, Cic. Deiot. 
 10, 28 (equo haerere, poet., Hor. Od. j, 
 24, 55) a horse vith s. and liridle on, 
 cquus stratus ac frenatus : v. foil. art. 
 
 saddle (i-)' I. I'it. : 1. slemo, 
 slravi, turn, J : to s. and bridle horses, 
 equos slernere, infreiiare, Liv. j-j, lo.fin. 
 Also perh. insterno, i : id. 54. 7 (where 
 however equus speciosius instratus in- 
 dicates the entire caparisonment of a 
 horse). 2. epliippium s. sellam [equo] 
 Impono: cf. I'baedr. i, I?, 8 (clitellas 
 imp.) : V, SADOLK, subs. Phr.: a horse 
 ready s.d and bridled, equus Instructus 
 frenatusque, Llv. 11, 27, fin. (Gron. e 
 conj., instratus: cf. supr.) ||. KIg. : 
 to saddle vith ; i. e. to impose a burden 
 upon : nearest word, impono, j (with 
 ace. and dat.) : he s.d his country vith a 
 heavy debt, *civllati in posteruni grande 
 aes alienum imposuit [civitalem graudi 
 aere alieno oppressam reliquit]: v. to 
 
 IMPOSE. 
 
 saddled ( part, and adj.) : 1. stratus : 
 V. preced. art. 2. ephippiatus (of 
 the rider, habitually using a saddle ; 
 whereas stratus refers to the horse only) : 
 s. cavalry, e. equites, Caes. B. G. 4, 2. 
 
 saddle-bags: 1. bisaccium (lit. 
 
 a double-bag ; one bag hanging on eacii 
 side): Petr. Ji (= sacci utrinique assuti, 
 Krhard in Bumi. a. 1.). 2. perh. better 
 (as the interpretaiion of the passage in 
 Petr. Is doubtful), hippQperae, arum : 
 Sen. Ep. 87, "J (Gr. iTrirojr^pai). 
 
 bow : perh. *sellae pila, apex. 
 
 cloth : stragulum {used as a 
 
 hind of scuidk) : Sen. Kp. 87, init. 
 
 -horse; equus selliiris, cf. Veg. 
 
 Vet. 4, 7 (jumenla sellaria) ; equus ad 
 sellae usum aptus: v. saddle. 
 
 saddler; ephippiarlus : Inscr. (For- 
 cell.) 
 Sadducee; Sadducaeus: Vulg. N.T. 
 sadly : 1. nioeste (raaeste) : Auct. 
 Her. J, 14. 24. 2. "I conipar. and 
 superl., tristius, tristissinie (more, must 
 s.): the use of the neut. triste as adv. w 
 poet. ; Hor. S. I, 8, 41 : Stat. (Also the 
 adjj. may be often used : he sat s. on the 
 share, *moestii8 in litore sedebat: he 
 began s. to return, redire moerens coepit 
 ad ... , Pbafdr. i, j, 10 v. L. G. } HJ.) 
 See also, pitiabi-v. misebably. 
 
 sadness; 1. trlstttia (most gen. 
 term): opp. to laetitia, Cic. do Or. 2, i',, 
 72 : to give oneself tip to tears and s., 
 lacrimis ac t. se tradere, Luce, in Cic. 
 Fam. 5, 14. 2. moestitia (maes- : for 
 syn. V. SAD) : to banish s~ (dejection and 
 gloom) from the mind, m. ex aniinis 
 pellere, Cic. Fin. i, i ?, 4? : opp. to bila- 
 rltas, risus (the outward demomtraliim 
 of an opposite state of ntind), id. Off. i, 
 41, 146. (For dolor, moeror, luctus. v. 
 soiinow, GKiKF.'l Phr.: overnhelmed 
 ii-ith s., ai'gritudine afflictus, Cic. Tusc. 
 4, 16 : cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 92, afflictus viiam 
 in tenebris luctitque traliebam. 
 
 safe (subs.) : cella (for prorisions) : 
 
 Cic. Sen. 16 : Cato. Fur meat, perh. car- 
 
 D&rium (or perh. — meat-hook) : Col. 12, 
 
 5J. For money and other raliuxbl^s, 
 
 'irca ferrea, ferrata, niunita: v. chest. 
 
 safe (wy.) : I. Free from danger : 
 
 1. tutus (of persons, places, journeys, 
 
 etc.): the breeze shall wii ft me .«. through 
 
 . , me tutuni per .... feret, Hor. Od. j, 
 
 29, 6) : a perfectlys. harbour, portus lu- 
 
 tissimtis, Caes. B. C. j, 27 : Cic. : et pa.is. : 
 
 tafefrom tutus ab (a) . . . , Caes. 
 
 B. G. 7, 14 (^tutus a periculo) : Phaedr. : 
 
 >v. : less ireq., tutus adversu.f 
 
 Gels. 5, 27, 5 (adversus venenorum peri- 
 eola tutum corpus). 2. munitus (/or- 
 
 tifixd, protected): no one's chastity s. 
 
 against , nnlliuB pudicitia m. contra 
 
 . . . , Cic. Verr. ^, 1 5, ?9. Compar. 
 munitior occurs, Cic. y. Kr. 2, j, vied 
 (se munitiorem ad custodiendam vitam 
 fore quam Africanus fuis.-et). ||. t'n- 
 injured ; having passed through danger 
 unhurt ; 1. salviis (safe and sound ; 
 having escaped peril of life or existence) : 
 
 expr. i« safrty, by inc61umis, salvng, 
 sospes: v. .safelt. 
 
 safety-valve : • ^piraculnm quo 8« 
 erumpens v.ifx.r effugiat. 
 
 safeon (»"''»■)•• cracoB (rarely -um): 
 Virg. I'lin. Used for the colour arid 
 perfume made frovi saffron : Lucr. 2, 
 416. Hor. 
 
 saf&on (i^j) ■■ 1. cr6ceus t. per- 
 
 if the commonwealth shall be preservd \ fumes, c. odores, Virg. G. I, 56: also 
 
 i. for Vie nrxt five years, si rnsp. ad 
 quinquennium pro.\imum servata erlt, 
 Liv. 22. 10 : to Irwl an army through s. 
 and unhurt, exercitum 8. et incolumem 
 transducere, Caes. B. C. 2, }2. Join also, 
 salvus et sospes, Aug. in Suet. vit. 78. 
 (Often salvus = alive ; esp. of recovery 
 from dangerous Illness.) 2. sospes, 
 ills (a word expressing more than salvus, 
 and having a semi-poelical colouring : 
 lixaven-favoured, "under auspicious cir- 
 cumstances): Join: salvus et sospes, 
 PI. : sospes incoluniisque, Plin. min. : 
 sospes et superstcs, PI. 3. inc61iimis: 
 e (unhurt, unimjKiired) : Join: integer 
 et incolumis, Cic. Cat. j, 10, fin. : inc. 
 atque intacta, id. Hep. 2, 6. salvae et 
 Inc. fcivitates], id. Inv. 2. 56, 169. |||, 
 Fit to be trusted: 1. tutus: s. ears 
 (trhich will not betray a secret), t. aures, 
 Hor.Od. 1,27,18. 2. fidus: v.tkusty. 
 safe-conduct : 1. nd^s, ei (any 
 
 formal t)ujayemei(t) : often with piiblica 
 (denoting (Ui eitgagemeut on the part of 
 the state) : to bring (Jugxivtha) to Jtome 
 under a s., eum interposita tide publica 
 Homam duceret. Sail. Jug. ;2 : Cic. (Ihe 
 notion of -conduct lies of course in the 
 duceret, not in the noun). 2. less 
 freq., diploma, atis, «. (a state letter of 
 rexommendation given to persons tra- 
 oelling ; allliough this was of course usu. 
 jiictn to a friend or person entitled to 
 hmiour ; whereas the fides publica inter- 
 posita implies that the person so pro- 
 tected is on enemy or by law liable to be 
 arrested) : more fully, diploma quo quia 
 tutior sit. Sen. Clem, i, lo.^iri. 
 
 -guard : 1. cautio (act or 
 
 mode of guarding against): there w 
 but one s. against these erils, horum 
 incommodorum una c. est [aique una 
 provisio], Cic. Am. 21, 78 (foil, by ut 
 ne) : the same sens*' may be expr, by 
 verb: ab his incomniodis baud aliter 
 cavendum est,quam si . . .: v. to guard 
 AGAINST. 2. propiignaciilum (a bul- 
 wark or work of defince) : ,Toin: pro- 
 pugnacnla murique (tranquillitatis), Cic. 
 in Pis. 4, 9 (where the reference is to 
 certain laws) : v. bulwark. 3. nnlrus 
 (a wall of defence : only rhetor, or poet.) : 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, 60 (hie niunis aheneus esto, 
 a wall of brass, i. e. an impregnable s.) : 
 Cic. in Pis. I. c. 4. munimentnm (pro- 
 tection, defence) : Tac. H. 4, 52 (tirma 
 imperii m.); Liv. 
 
 keeping : fides : v. peotec- 
 
 TIOX. 
 
 safely ; 1. fSt^ and tuts (not iden- 
 tical in meaning ; see exx.) : to lice s. 
 (= in a safe manner), tute vivere, 
 Auct. Her. '}, 5, 9 : to fight s. (= in 
 safety), into diniii are, Caes. B. G. j, 24 ; 
 more s., tutius, ib. j, IJ: superl. both 
 tutlssime (= i« the safest manner) and 
 tutissimo (in the greatest safety) : Cic. 
 2. expr. by adj. : lie lands them s. 
 on the oOier side of the river, (eos) inco- 
 lumes trans fluvium exponit, Virg. Aen. 
 6,416: they arrived s.at..., liicolumes 
 perveiicrunl . , . : v. safe (cf I>.G. } 54?). 
 
 safety; 1. saius, litis,/, (pre- 
 
 servation) : to have regard to one's ouii 
 s. (life), suae s. consulere, Caes. B. G. 5, 
 27 : «. q/" states, s. civitatlum, Cic. Rep. 
 I, J4. 2. incSlfiniilas (state of being 
 unhurt or unimpaired : as in the case 
 of one who ?tas come in s. tltrough 
 dangers)) Oic. Inv. 2, 56, 168 (inc. ac 
 libertatem retinere) : to promise s to 
 tluise surrendered, deditis inc. pollicerl, 
 Caes. B. C. J, 28. 3. in oblique cases 
 only, use neut. of tiitus ttjput anything 
 in a place of s., allquid in tuto ci>llocare, 
 Ter. Heaut" 4, }, 11 so, in tutuin re- 
 cipere, Llv. 2, 19. Comp. the use of tuio, 
 in safety: Cic. F»m. 14. } Caes. 4. 
 2 iC 
 
 with simple ref. to colour, id. Aen. i 
 649 (0. acanthus). 2. crOciiius (.n,ade 
 of or from s.) : s. ointment, crotlnum 
 unguentun', Cels. ), 18, med. Also =: of 
 the colour of s.. Oat. 68, I J4. 3. cr6- 
 catus (late): Plin. 
 
 sagacious : 1. prudens (tmsible) : 
 no brute more s. than the rlrphant, 
 beluarum nulla prud<-atior, Cic N. 1>. i, 
 !f , 91 : s. in criticirm, in exislimando p., 
 id. Br. 68, 2 {9. Join: [vir naturaj 
 peraculus et prudens, id. Or. y, 18. 2. 
 aciitus (keen, shrewd) : cf. Cic. de Or. I, 
 J9, homo ingenio prudentlaque acutis- 
 simus. Strengthened, [leracutus : v. 
 sujrr. (1). 3. sagax (strictly , iharp- 
 scented, as a hound) • most s. (tharp- 
 scented) in suspecting, sagai is*imus ad 
 suspicandum, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19: ex- 
 tremely s. in draii-iitg inferences, in 
 conjeciurls sagacissinms. Just, i, 9, medL 
 Join: [animal, sc. ht^mo] provldum, 
 sagax, . . . acutura . . . plenum rationis 
 et consilli, Cic. Leg. i, 7, 22. See also. 
 SHREWD, PKUDENT. 4. persplcax (fceefi- 
 sigMed,perietrativg) : Cic : Ter. Phr.: 
 an elephant less s. (than the rest), eie- 
 phaiitus tardioris Ingenii, Plin. 8, }, }. 
 
 sagaciously ; 1. prudenter : Cic. : 
 Aug. in Suet. : v. i-rudentlt. 2. 
 acute (keenly; shrewdly): Lucr.: Cic 
 3. sagaciter (with penetrating intel- 
 ligence): Cic de Or. i, 51, /»i. (». invee- 
 tigare) : Liv. 
 
 sagacity ; 1. prudentia (Ktin'W«- 
 ness): Plin. 8, I, I (0/ elephants): cf. 
 sagacious (1). 2. sagailtas (keen- 
 
 tracking xvit, resembling the instinct of 
 hounds which track by tcent) : Cic. N'err. 
 2, I, 41, 10; : the s. of Hipparchus disco- 
 vered . . ., Hipparchl sagucitate repenum 
 est, I'lin. 2, I J, 10. 3. perspicacilM 
 (sharp-sightedness) : Cic: v. penetra- 
 tion. Phr.: possessed of (great) »■.. 
 prudens, altl ingenll, etc. (v. sagacious) : 
 wanting in s., hebi-s, tardus (tardiorlg 
 ingenii) ■ v. dull, slow. 
 
 sage (s«6s.) •• the plant, seiyia: Plin. 
 ; (*S. officinalis, Linn.). 
 ! sage (adj.) : sfipiens, priidens, etc. : 
 
 j V. WISE, I'UUDEKT. 
 
 sage (sub.'i.): a wise man, s&piens: 
 I V. WISE (man); phiuisophek. 
 I sagely ; prudenter, sSpienter • v. 
 
 I WISELY. 
 
 1 sago ; * medulla cycae (R. and A.). 
 sail (subs.) : I. Lit. : 1. v6- 
 
 I Inm (gen. term) : to set s., vela dare, 
 Cic de Or. 2, 44, 187: Virg.: more 
 rhetorically, v. pandere, Cic. 'I'lisc. 4. 4, 
 extr. : somewhat different is vela facere, 
 to vuike .?., as distinguished from ruwing. 
 Cic. Tusc. I.e.: to full s., vela cuntra- 
 heie, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 24: subducere. 
 Auct, B. Alex. 45: legcre, Virg. G. i, 
 J7}: full s., veils piLs-ls, Cic. Tusc. I, 
 49, 119. 2. P^'et. carl)4sus, i. /. : n. 
 /)/. carbiisa. orum (lit. a kind of fiaee : 
 used by melon, like our ranvas) : Virg. 
 Aen. J. J5:. 3. ""l.v ;■'•. lintea. 
 omm: ib i, 686 (dare liniea rein- = 
 
 dare vela ) Phr,: to set j„ I.e. to 
 
 commence a voyage, navem, naves sol- 
 vere (weigh anchor). Caes. B. «.». 4. j6 : 
 see also supr. (1). ||. Melon. = 
 
 *Aip; use navis, |||, ifaumdmill- 
 perh. brachium or vi-lum. 
 
 sail ('■■) •• I. ^» •"< »- '^ f^ 
 pel led by means of ss : vf la ficlo. 1 . 
 (;ic. V. prectd. art, init. ||. In wider 
 sense, to go by sea, mcJce a voyage : \, 
 navigo, \ (to go by tea, whatever the 
 motiiY poii'cr) . suilcMe weather for 
 s.ivg. idontum tempus ad navip.indum. 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 2J et fxus. Comps. ^l.) 
 gnavlgo, I (to *. out. get clear of a cer- 
 uin place) ; Cic. ru>c 4, 14, fin. (e 
 scrupulosis cotibus e.. dgi : Su.t. (3.) 
 705
 
 SAIL-CLOTH 
 
 SALT 
 
 SALUTE 
 
 pernavigo, i (to s. through: v. bacb): 
 Plia. (3.)circuiiiiiavii5j, i (to s.rounOf): 
 Veil. 2. expr. by camf,t. of vehor 
 
 ctus, } (to be conveyed in iihat-vever 
 way : the simple v rb iu prt-seut s»nse 
 pi-Tti. does not occur): (1.) advghor, j 
 [to s to a p'ace): Sail, Jug. 86 (Marius 
 Uticatii advebiiur). (2.) evghor, j {to 
 t. out, go out to sea : preit-rab'e lo 
 eDavigi): s ing out from the Egean sea, 
 they ciossrd over to belo^, ev. ctl Aegaeo 
 mari Delum trajecrunt Li v. 44, 28 
 extr. : cf. id. 21, 50, init , in allum evehi 
 (opp. t") the f.oiion of remaining c ose 
 ashore) (3.) trall^vehor. j (to s. or 
 cross over) : Sail. Jug, 18 (Mtdi navibu? 
 in Afriiam tra' svt cti) . Liv. (4 ) prae- 
 tervebor, } {to s past): Caes. B.C i, 26. 
 (5) circumvghor, j (to s. round): Liv. 
 10 2 (circuravectus Brnndijii promo"- 
 torium, having rounded it) (6.; e- 
 vehor, } (to s. back) : Hor. 3. to s 
 along, coast along, lego, legi. cum, j : 
 Liv. 21, $i,Jin.: deciin navibus oraru 
 Italiae legt-ns. Also in same sei'se 
 praeleg's j : Tac |||. To set out on 
 a voyage : vela dnre. uavem (naves) sol- 
 rere : v. precp<l art. | V. f ' g- to 
 move along through the air . usu tgror 
 i, irr.: cf. Virg. U i, 597 (of the move- 
 ment of light fieecy clouds) 
 
 sail-cloth: p^-rh. linti-umnauticum. 
 
 sailer: Phr. : a good s, *iiavis 
 habilis ac velox; magna (summa) m"- 
 bilitate iic celeritate navis i qua celeriter 
 navigari potest 
 
 sailiug: txpr. by verb: v. to sail. 
 See also navigation. 
 
 sailor : uauta ; p et navlta : passim. 
 Phi.: they are every uay the l>est s s, 
 scientia atque usu nauticarum rerum s. 
 reliquos antecedum, CVs. B. G. j, 8: no 
 s., rerum nauticarum imperltus 
 
 Saili'ard: antenna: Caes.: Virg. 
 The extremity of the s.. to which were 
 attached the ropes, comu • Virg. Aen. i, 
 549: Ov. 
 
 saint: ^'ir sanctus, femma sancta: 
 also, iu Eccl. Latin, as title of holy 
 and canonized persotis, Beatus (Beata) ; 
 Divus(l)iva): Breviary. 
 
 sainted: best word perh. beatus 
 (comp. Ger selig) ; v. blessed. 
 
 Saint John's wort; hyperlcum: 
 ML. 
 
 bread : sIlTqua Graeca: Col. 
 
 Arb. 25. Also, simply siliqua: Plin. 
 
 saiacly: sanctus, pius: v. holt, 
 
 PIOUS. 
 
 Sttintship; perh. sanctitas, sancti- 
 
 tiido: V. HOLINESS. 
 
 sake : in pbr., for (some one's) s. 
 1. gratia or causa, with depend, 
 gen. : cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 6}, 158, where the 
 two are combined, tantum abesi ut haec 
 brstiarum causa creata sint, ut ipsas 
 bestias hominum gratia generatas esse 
 viaeamus: also, id. Fin. i, 10, extr 
 (which latter passage proves that ihe 
 words are exactly synonymous) : to 
 name a person for the s. of doing him 
 honour, aliquem honoris gratia (causa) 
 nominare. id. Quint. 7, 28. 2. less 
 freq. ergo, following the gen. dependent 
 upon ii (savuuring of legal or archaic 
 phraseoUigy) : for the sake of this law, 
 hujus legis ergo, Cic. Att. }, 2J : S. C. 
 in Liv. 25, 7 (donomilitiii virtutis ergo 
 donarl) 3. ob, propter, with ace. (on 
 account of ) : v. L. G. } 556. 4. pro, 
 with ab'. {for, on behalf of) : to die for 
 the sak", of one's country, pro patria 
 mori, Hor. Od. j, 2, u. Phr. : /or 
 heax'en's s. I pro deura fatque hominum] 
 fidem ! Ter. Andr. i, 5, 2 : Cic. 
 
 salacious : salax : v. wanton. 
 
 salad : acetaria, oium, n. pi. : PUn. 
 19- 4. 19 ^ 58. 
 
 salaam: Phr.; to make a s., 
 *Orifntalium more corpus ad terram 
 iuclinare. 
 
 salamander; salamandra: Plin. 
 
 salary : 1. merces, edis, /. : v. 
 WAGE.S, PAT. 2. saliirinm (late : 
 
 strictly, sal t-mm>ey for so'diers : subse- 
 queiitlv in wider sense) : Suet. Tib. 46 
 (comitesperegrinationum expeditionum- 
 que nu7>quam salario, cibariis tantum 
 noo 
 
 sustentavit) : Ulp. Dig. (N.B.— Mer- 
 ces is the preferable word : cf. Suet. 
 Gr. 7.) 
 
 sale: I. Means or course of sell- 
 ing : 1. venditio Cic. R. Am. 36, 
 no: Sen. 2. venus, us; or venum, i 
 (only in forms, venui, veno, venum ; 
 the last of which is the only frequent 
 I'ne): to offer for s., venum dare, Liv. 
 24, 47 : so, to go or be offered Jor s. {be 
 sold), venum ire, id. }, 55 : incentives of 
 luxury offered lor s., pot-ita veno irrita- 
 menta luxus, Tac. A. 14, i; ; for which 
 also, venui subjicere, Apul. 3. in 
 
 phr. /or s. ; venalis, e : to havepleasure- 
 grounds for s., hortos venales habere, 
 Cic. Off. J, 14, s8 : so fig. of corrupt 
 
 Rome, ur*iem venalem Sail. Jug. 
 
 j;, extr. (In same sense, but less good : 
 promercalis, Suet. : Col. : and venali- 
 cius, Petr.) Other Phrr. : having 
 a {ready) s., vendibilis (v saleablk) : 
 to advertise for s., proscrlbere, Cic. Off. 
 }, 16 (Claudius proscripsitinsu am, vend- 
 idit); also Qaedes vendcs] insciibere, 
 Ter. Heaut. i, i, ()t (the latter denoting 
 an inscription upon something, like our 
 TO let) : to be (exposed) for >., pro-tare, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 20, 2 (liber pro- tat) -.formal 
 contract of s. (strictXy, purchase), man- 
 cipium, mancipa'io : the exact te ms of 
 the contract being, mancipii (m^ncipi) 
 lex, Cic. de Or. i, 59, 178: piecemeal s., 
 distractio (legal term), IJip. Dig. 14, j, 
 5, } 12. II. Public auction: meton. 
 hasta ; because a spear was plant«d in 
 the ground as symbol of au'Mlon : end- 
 less s.s. (arul confiscations), indnita h., 
 Cic. Ph. 4, 4, 9. Or i-xpr. by vendere, 
 praeconis voci subjiceie, etc. : v. to 
 
 SELL. 
 
 saleable: vendibilis, e: Hor. Ep. 1, 
 17, 47 : Cic. 
 
 salesman : Phr.: to be a good s., 
 •mercium venditandarum bene peritum 
 esse. 
 
 salient: Phr.: s. points (in an 
 argument), *cat.ita dlsputationis, ser- 
 moiiis, etc. (v. fkiscipal, adj.) : there 
 was nothing s. (about a speech), *nihil 
 erat quod emineret. 
 
 saline : salsus : v. salt {subs, and 
 adj.). 
 
 saliva: 1. saliva; Cat.; Juv. : 
 
 Plin. 2. spiitum : v. sprrTLE. 
 
 salivary: Phr.: s. gUmds, 
 
 •glandes eae quibus conficltur saliva. 
 
 salivate : sallvo, i : Col. (aegrotum 
 pecus s., R. R. 6, 5, med.). 
 
 salivation : salivatio : Coel. Aur. 
 
 sallow (subs.) : a tree, sallx, icis, /. ; 
 v. willow. 
 
 sallow (adj.) : pallidus, vepalUdus, 
 Iiiridus: v. pale, ghastly. 
 
 sally (''•)•■ erunipo, rupi, ptum, j: 
 to s. fotth from a camp, e castris e., 
 Caes. B. G. j, 5 : Sail. l.iv. Ii\ same 
 sense, erupiionem facere, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 }i (a plir. suitable to denote a more 
 formal and preconcerted movement). 
 Somewhat different is excurrere, excur- 
 siont-m facere, which denote counter- 
 movements, forays, raids, made from a 
 city or camp, whether besieged or not : 
 v. foray, raid. 
 
 sally (subs.) : I, Lit.: eruptio : 
 V. preced. art. jj. Fig.: in such 
 
 phrr. as, a s. of wit, perh. *argutae et 
 quasi se erumpentes facetiae. 
 
 sally-port : perh. *porta (portula) 
 ad eruptionem faciendam apta. 
 
 salmon: salmo, onis, Plin.: Aus. 
 (*saimo salar, Linn.); s.-colour, *color 
 salmonaceus, qui dicitur. 
 
 salmon-trout : fario, onis, m. : 
 Aus. Id. 10, i}o. 
 
 saloon : perh. atrium or conciliabu- 
 
 lum : v. HALL. 
 
 salt (subs.) : |. L i t. : sal, salis, 
 m. : /we, ichite s., s. candidus, Cato, 
 R. R. 88 : common s., s. popularis, ib. : to 
 lay anything in s., aliquid in sale pon- 
 ere, ib. : to keep it there, in s. habere, 
 ib. : lOck or Sta s., s. fossilis, marinus, 
 Varr. R. P.. 2, 11, med. ; called respec- 
 tively, s. niaritimus, fossicius, ib. 1, 7, 
 ad Jin. : a grain of *., Siili* mica, Plin. 
 II. FIk of elegance and wit. 
 
 sales, ium: Cic. Fam. 9, 15 (8.Attioi): 
 
 V. WIT. 
 
 salt (o-dj.) : 1, salsus (impreg- 
 nated or prepared with s.) : this is (too) 
 s., hoc salsum e^t, Ter. Ad. 5, }, 71 ; s. 
 (briny) tears, s. lacrimae, I ucr. 2. 
 
 salltus: V. salted; to salt. Phr.: 
 .9. water (—sea-vater). aqua marina, 
 Pall. Oit. 14: s.fish, salsamenta, orum: 
 I'er. Ad. j, j, 26 : dialer in s.Jish., salsa- 
 men tarius: Sut-t. : Hor. 
 
 salt ("•) ■" i- e. to preserve in s., salio, 
 4. Col. 6, J2: Cato. Or by circuml., 
 sale coiidire (v. to pickle, preserve) : 
 how to s. meat, salsura carnis ut fiat, cf. 
 Col. 12, 5}. 
 
 salt-cellar: salinum: Hor. Od. 2, 
 16. 14. Dimin. salillum (a little s.) : 
 CatuU. 
 
 salted (part. adj.) : salitus : s. tunny, 
 s. thynnus, Col. 6, J2 : v. salt (adj.). 
 
 salting (subs.): sxlsura, salitura: 
 Cul. : s.-tub, vas salsameiitarium : CoL 
 2. 10, med. 
 
 saltish : subsalsus : CeU. : Plin. 
 
 salt-mine : salifddina : Vitr. 8. J, 7. 
 
 saltness: 1. eaisitado: vitr. i, 
 
 4, II. 2. f-alsedo (rare) : Pall. Oct. 
 14, init. (salsug", Plin. ^i, 7, 42, is a 
 kind of s. formation). 
 
 salt-pits : < salinae, arum : Cic. 
 
 salt-works : 5 N. D. 2, !j, ij2. 
 
 saltpetre; nitmm: Plin. ?i, 10,46. 
 place or pit for digging s., nitraria, ib. 
 
 salts : use sal, with some defining 
 term. 
 
 salt-water : v. ska-water. 
 
 salt-works : sSlInae, arum : Plin. 
 J7, 7, J9 : V. sALT-prrs. 
 
 salubrious: 1. salubris and 
 
 saliiber (Varr. : Ov.) : esp. as epiih. of 
 places and climate (favourable to 
 health) : Cic. Div. 1, jb, 79 ("Pp. pest- 
 ilens) : Caes. B. C. i. 2 (saluberrimae 
 regiones). 2. saiiitaris, e (conducive 
 to health, healthy : not usfd of places) ; 
 
 V. HEALTHFUL. WHOLESOME. 3. .-alu- 
 
 tlfer (poet.) : Ov. : Mart. 
 
 salubriously : salubriter : Cic. 
 
 salubriousness : saiiibritiis : Cic. 
 Div I, 57, i}i : Liv. 
 
 salutary : 1. salutaris, e Cpro- 
 
 motite of health and well-being gener- 
 ally) : Join: bona ac salutaria fopp. 
 mala pemiciosaque],Cic. I.rt'g. i, i6, 44: 
 [res] utiles et s., iO. N. D. i, 15. 2. 
 salubris (al.io -her), e (more freq. with 
 ref. to bodily health only: v. salu- 
 brious) : (a circumstance) s. in respect 
 of the severity of the lesson, severitate 
 exempli s., Plin. Ep. 2, 11, init.: s. 
 counsels, s. consilia, Cic. Att. 8, 1 2 : Tac. 
 3. utilis, e : V. USEFUL. To be s., 
 prodesse, adjuvare (the latter with ace.) : 
 
 v. good, TO DO ; AID. 
 
 salutation: 1. saliitatio: topaj 
 or offer s., s. facere, Liv. i, i, ad fin. 
 (inter exercitus s. factam). Comps. 
 consalutatio, Cic. Att. 2, 18; perca- 
 lutaiio (assidttous s.,s. of all), id. MiL 
 21, 44: resalutatio (return of s.). Suet. 
 Ner. J7. 2. more freq. expr. by 
 
 salus, utis,/. ("health;" the word used 
 in salutations): esp. in phr., salutem 
 dicere, s. dicere plnrimam, multam, Cic. 
 Ep. pass. : also absol. = a greeting, PI. 
 Trin. 5, 2, 29 (non ego sum salutis dig- 
 nus? not worthy cf a salutation r). 
 See also greet, greeting. 
 
 salute (subs) : V. preced. art. Phr.: 
 toftre a s. in honour of the f.ing, *regls 
 honoris causa [regis in honorem] tor- 
 menta exercere (.') : suddenly burst 
 forth a s. from all the thips, *repente 
 omnium navium tomienta strepere; 
 subito ex omnibus navibus tormen- 
 torum strepitus (fragor) aures per- 
 stringit. See also kiss. 
 
 salute (V.) ! I. To greet : saluto, 
 I : V. TO greet. Comps. (1) consaluto, 
 I (to s. mutually, or in a body) : Cic. de 
 Or. 2, J, ij (inter se amicissime c). (2) 
 persaluto, i (to s. all round) : id. Fl. 18, 
 42. (3) resaliito, i (to s. in return): 
 id. Ph. 2, 41, 106. In letters expr. by 
 salutem dicere, salutem dice re multam 
 (piurimam): v. grekting. ||, To 
 
 designate by a formal title: 1,
 
 S A I> t" T E R 
 
 > A N O i 
 
 S A PLESS 
 
 saluto, I : his man penpU $.d Mm as 
 Caesar, queiii sui Caesarem salutabant, 
 Cic. Att. 14, 12 : Caes. (N.B.— In tliis 
 sense esp. con»alut«j, I, to s. tty acclamti- 
 tiun: Liv. i. 7. init, utrumque regcm 
 Mia multitudu cunsalutav it : Cic.) 2. 
 appcllo, I Virg. Aen. 5, 540 (victoreni 
 appiUal Acesit-m) : Caes. B.G. •;,4, med. 
 III. To show rcijiect by ytst'ire, fil- 
 ing of gutis, etc. : use c<>nsaluto, with 
 bome siicii detining plir. as miliiari mure, 
 nauiioi more, eic. |V. '" *•"'«»•■ 
 phr. aliqucm osculo impertire, Suet. 
 Ner. J7 : v. to Kias. 
 
 saluter : salutator -. Stat. Better 
 (exci'pt in num. sing.) by imperf. part., 
 L. G. 6}«. 
 
 salvage : * id quod ex nave fracta 
 fnaufragio amissa], s. ex aedlQciu in- 
 cendio pereiiiplo si-rvatur. 
 
 8alvp*'ili: salus, utis./.: v. SAFKTY, 
 PBEsEBv Ai-ioN. Or e.\pr. by verb : /or 
 the s. of vun, *ad salvandos QClass. Lau 
 gervandos"! homint-s. 
 
 salve ; 1. unguentum : v. oikt- 
 MENT. 2. collyrium (^for the eyes) : 
 Gels. 7, 7. 4 (oculum collyrio inungere) : 
 Hor. wbo uses jil.. S. i, ;, jo. 
 
 salver: scutcUa: cic Tusc. ;, 19, 46. 
 
 salvo : perh. exceptio : cf. Cic. Am. 
 17. init. (consiliorum. . .sine ulla excep- 
 lione communitas) : also id. y. Fr. i, i, 
 i;, cum exceplione laudari (mtli a re- 
 tetvation). 
 
 same : 1. idem, §adem, idem : in 
 all applications ot ling. : usu. foil, by 
 qui ( = tAe same as) . L. G. }J J72, jig, 
 cbs. i : also by utque (ac), et ; and 
 rarely, ul, cum ; also very exceptionally 
 by (iat. : L. G. J 620. From idem come 
 the advs., eodem, to the s. place ; ibidem, 
 in the s. place ; indidem. from the s. 
 place : V. L. G. } I ; j, p. 88. 2. some- 
 times, unus : at (_one and) the s. time, 
 uno tempore, Cae». B. G. 4. 2j : both 
 Uibour under the s. error, unns ntriqne 
 error, Hor. S. 2, }, 51. Rarely pi. : to 
 keep up the s. manne>s and customs, 
 unis moribus vivere, Cic. Fl. 26. fij. 
 Strengthened, nnus atque idem, id. Djv. 
 2i 47' 97- 3. expr. by alius with a 
 negative ; as, baud alius, non alius, 
 baud (nonl aliter; esp. poet.: cf. Liv. 
 2}, 4. nihil in senatu actum aliier quam 
 ti plebis ibi esset consilium (in precisely 
 the samx mamier as if. . .) : Virg. 
 
 sameness : expf. by idem, unus : 
 there is a s. about his icritings. * omnia 
 tino [atque eodera] tenore scripsit; ita 
 nno sunt omnia lenore scripta ut nihil 
 quasi emineat oculosque festiva varie- 
 tate deiectet. See also identitv, 
 
 sampMre : 'crirhmum: Med. Gloss. 
 
 sample : exemplum v. sPKCiMEK. 
 
 sampler: *acu pingendi exemplum 
 quale prioris aetatis puellae conficere 
 solebant, 
 
 sanative : \ by quwi sanat, etc. : v. 
 
 sanatory: (to heal. 
 
 sanctification : theol. 1. 1. : sanctl- 
 flcatio Vuig,. 
 
 sanctifier: sancttfTcator: Aug. 
 
 sanctify : \. ^o make holy : 
 
 sanctif ic«>, i (theol. t. t.) : Ten. : Eccl. 
 Scrr. II, To set apart, celebrate as 
 hnly : sacro, consecro, i : v. to set 
 
 APART. ORSKRVE. 
 
 sanctifying : sauctif Icus (v. late) : 
 Juvenc. 
 
 sanctimonious : no exact word 
 a s. peison, • putida quadam sancti- 
 moniae (sanctitatis) aPfectalione homo; 
 nimius in religionibus observandis. 
 
 sanction : 1. aucioritas : v. au- 
 THOurTY 2. only in abl., jussu, in- 
 jussu (ii-itli or without the s. of. . .); the 
 Roman people cannot be tiound by ami 
 trtatii iiithout its oimi s., P. K. injussu 
 uuo nuUo pacto potest obllgarl, Cic. Bal. 
 in, ?4: Caes. : Liv. So also, permissu 
 (iiritli the. s. of...): V. permission. 3. 
 confirnmtio, etc ■ v. ratification. 
 (N.B. — Not sanctio, which = formal 
 enactment.) 
 
 sanction ("•) •■ I. Formally to 
 ^ve au' loHty to: confirmo, rilum facie, 
 
 etc.; V. TO RATIFY, CONFIRM. jj, To 
 
 ailow : permitto, j : v. to permit. 
 
 sanctity : 1. Objective ; a^i at- 
 taching to a place, person, or Uiing : 
 
 1, sanctitas - Liv. 44, 29 (s. templi 
 insulaeque): Tac. 2. sanctitiido (v. 
 rare): Cic. in Non. 174,7. 3 caerfi- 
 nioiiia (appy. stronger than preced. ; 
 cf. Caes. in Suet, ft, sanctitas regum i-t 
 caeremonia ileorum: rare In this sense): 
 Cic. K. Am. )9 II { (c. legal ioiils p<jllu- 
 ere) : Tac. 4. sometimes, rtllglo 
 
 (sflctly religious oUigcUion) : cf. Cic. 
 Bal 24, 55, sacra Cereris sumraa re- 
 ligione caerimuniaque conlicere) : to 
 violate the s. of tombs, r. s< pnlclirorum 
 violare, Cic. Tusc. 1, i, 12,27 ■ '<* '<*** •'* 
 s. (of a place), aiiiiitere r., Cic. Verr. 4, 
 J 5, 78. II Subjective; nvrraX purity : 
 
 1, sanctitas : to protect oneself by 
 one's ou-n s., sanctitale sua se lueri. Cic. 
 Kin. 2, 22, 7}. Join; sanctitas, pietas, 
 religio, Cic. N. I), i, 2, }. 2. sanctf- 
 monia ( = preced. rare), Cic. Ijuint. !o, 
 9J. 3. castitas, castimonia : v. purity. 
 sanctuary : I. ^ hoiy place : 
 
 I, adytum (poeL) [strictly a place 
 that may not be entered! : the snake 
 draggtd its coils from trie inmost s., 
 adytis anguis ab imis volumlna traxit, 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 84. 2. fanuiii, delu- 
 brum, templum, pgngtralia (may some- 
 times be used) ; v. shrine, temple. 
 
 II, A place of refuge : 1, asy- 
 lum : the slave, uho had fled for refuge 
 into that s., servus, qui in illud asylum 
 contugisset, Cic. Verr. 2, i, jj. 2. rS- 
 ceptaculum s. rfifiigium sanctum invio- 
 latumque : v. betkeat, eeflge. 
 
 sand (.subs.) : I. The substance ; 
 1, sabiilum ; less freq., sabQIo : 
 white, black, red s., s. album, nigrum, 
 rubrum, f'lin. 17, 4, }, $ 25. 2. sJiburra 
 (sand for ballast) : ballasted u-ith much 
 s., multa s. gravatas (^naves), Liv. 37, 14, 
 fm. 3. arena (esp. for building pur- 
 poses): Vitr. 2, 4. \\. A sandy place : 
 arena (usu. the s. of the sea shore) : 
 thou vilt lie naked, I'a'inurus, on un- 
 knoimi s.s, i. e. shore, nudus in ignota 
 Palinure jacebis arena, Virg. Aeu. ?, 871 ; 
 to huy ss {sandy land) or bog, a. ali- 
 quam aut paludos emere, Cic. Agr. 2, 27. 
 
 sand ("•) ■■ i- e- to strew or cover with 
 sand: sabuloconspergere: the mouth of 
 the river is s.'d up, * ostium fluminis 
 sabulo (arena) occlusum est. 
 
 sandpit (sufcs.) : arenaria: Cic. Clu. 
 I}. J 7 (in arenarias quasdam perductus 
 occiditur). 
 
 sandstone : 1. tofus or tophus 
 (generic term applied to various kinds 
 ot sandy, friable rock : according to 
 Conington [Virg. G. 2, 244], a sort of 
 volcanic sandstone : cf. Vitr. 2, 7, init. : 
 sunt etiam alia genera plura, uti in Cam- 
 pania ruber et niger tophus); Plin. 17, 
 i. 4- 2. carbunculiis(apttrticuZar Wjirf 
 qf sandy stone) : cl. Vitr. 2, -', extr. : non- 
 nullis locis procreatur id genus areiiae, 
 quod dicitiir carbunculus. (Kr. gives 
 saxiim arenaceum, but without autho- 
 rity : lapis arenarius occurs, Serv. Virg. 
 G. 2, J48.) 
 
 sandal : 1. sSlea (the simplest kind 
 of saiidul, consisting of a sole, n-Hh little 
 more to fasten it to the foot than a strap 
 aooss the instep: Gell. 1 j, 21); Hor.: 
 Ov. 2, crSpida (als-j denoting a sofe, 
 without upper leather, cf. Gell. 1. c.) : 
 Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 27 : Liv. 29, 19. 
 Dimin., crSpldula (a snuill s.) : PI. Pers. 
 4, 2, }. (K.B. Avoid sandalium, which 
 is a Greek word, and rare-) Weaiing- 
 saiulals, crepidatus : Cic. in Pis. {8, 92 : 
 sOleaius: Cic. Virr. 5, jj. 86, stetit so- 
 leatus praetor Ronianus, " in slippers." 
 
 — -maker: -stiiearius : Pi. Aui. j.s, 
 
 40: crfpidurius, sutor; Gell. ij, 21, fin. 
 
 Sandarach : sandAraca : Plin. i4, 
 18, 56. 
 
 sand-blind : v. blp^d. 
 
 sandy : I. Abounding in sand : 
 
 I, JrenOsns (esp., having extensive 
 tracts of satii!) the s. shore of Libya, 
 litus a. Libyae, Virg. Aen. 4, 257 ; t. 
 Imbm, a. l.,adon, Ov. Met. i, 702. 2. 
 s&bQIosus : s. soil, s. terra, Plin. I }, 4. 7. 
 
 II, Of a sandy nature : 1. jre- 
 naceus, Plin. 17, 7, 4 (in terra a.). 
 
 2. arenarius (rare in this sense): 
 a. lapis. .Serv. Virg. G. 7, 348. 
 
 sandy -haired : rufus . a certain «.- 
 
 haired man, <iuidaiii r., PI. Ps. 4. 7, no. 
 sane: |. of body: sanus, viUdus: 
 V. healthy. \\, Of mind: 1. sanuB: 
 you are luirdly of t. mind, vix s! mentis 
 estis, Liv. }i. ii, mr. 2. compos 
 animi or mentis (in pottrtsion of one't 
 tenses): c. anliiii, Ter. Ad. ?, 2, 12; c. 
 mentis, Cic. Phil. 2, }8, 97. (Compos sui. 
 Liv. 8, 18, fin., has a different iiens«: 
 see the place.) 
 
 sanguinary : |. Attended with 
 blij>fhhed 1. atrox (of a battle, obsti- 
 nate and sanguinary = Fr. ac/iamf): 
 a battle mint s. t/uin cuuUi tje expected 
 fiom the number of the combatants, 
 proelium atrocius, quam pro numero 
 pugiiantlum, Liv. 21, 29, init. 2. 
 cruentus (chiefly poeL and in later 
 authors) ; a s. contest, c. certamen, Liv. 
 21. 4J, med.: Veil. 2, 71 (non aliud 
 bellum cruentius caede clarissimorum 
 virorum). Join; trux et cruentum 
 [tKillumj, Just. 29, J. init. 3, san- 
 guineus (poet.): s. slaughter, s. caedes, 
 Ov. M. I J, 85. 4. sangulnarius (late 
 and rare In this sense) . Just. L c 
 (cruenta et s. bella). ||. Bloo'Uhirsty : 
 1, sanguinarius : s. young men, s. 
 juventus, Cic. Att. 2, 7, 2. 2. cruentus 
 (poet.): s. Mars, Hor. Od. 2, 14, it: 
 Achilles, more s. than war itself, Achilles 
 Ijello cruentius ipso, Ov. M. 12, 59^: 
 
 v. also BLOODY. 
 
 sanguine : I. fM of blood: •san- 
 guinis plenus, sanguine abundans; see 
 also I'Lethobic. ||, Hopeful, disposed 
 to take hopiful virws of things: expr. 
 
 by clrcuml. with spes; lam s. that 
 
 magna me spes tenet (with ate and 
 
 inf.), Cic. Clu. }, 7 : / am neither hope- 
 less nor s., nee nulla nee magna spe 
 sumus, id. Att. 6, 1, 20: so, in spem 
 maximam, el quemadmodum confido, 
 verissimamadducti sumus. Id. MIL 28, 78. 
 
 Also by animus : / am very t. that 
 
 niagnus milii animus est, Tac. Agr. jo, 
 init. Sometimes, ardens, fervidus, vehe- 
 meiis, may serve; cf. Virg. Aen. 6, 15, 
 juvenum maiiiw emicat ard>-ns litus in 
 Hesperium ; v. eagfb, ardent. 
 
 sanhedrim : perb. synedrlon (Gr. 
 a-vi'iSpiov) : cf. W'ahl. Clavis, s. v., appel- 
 latur ita in N. T. synedrium magnum, 
 i. e. Judicium [concilium] snpremum 
 Juda<-orum. 
 
 sanity : no exact word. Phr.: there 
 is no doubt of his s., * non dubium est, 
 qiiin :iieiitls (animi) aimpos sit ; v. 
 sank (II.). 
 
 Sanscrit: 1. Sanscritus; Ae S. 
 Innijuage, lingua .Suiiscrila: or simply, 
 .Sanscrita. 2. S-niscriticus (of or re- 
 lating to the .^Sanscrit language): ■•^.root*, 
 radices Sanscriticae : Bopp. Glo«. Sans. 
 Pref. 
 
 sap : succus or sficns: called by Plin., 
 arborum sanguis, i6, [8, 72 : the rools 
 draw s. from the earth, stirpes ex terra 
 s. trahuni, Cic N I». 2, 47. 120. 
 Also used of the Ijodily juices: chyle: 
 id. ib. 2, 55, 157. And fig. to denote 
 vigour, spirit, q. v. 
 
 sap (''•) ■■ 1. subruo, i, Dium, ? ; 
 Liv. 21, II, m<ti. (murum ab Imo sub- 
 ruere): Caes. B. G. 2, 6. 2. sulTMio, 
 fwli, fossum, i: to s. walls, muros 8., 
 Tac. H. 2, 21, Filed. Alsti pcrtodiu; Veg. 
 Mil. 2, II (muros intra fundanienla per- 
 foderc). For other meanings, v. L'NDEK- 
 
 MINK. 
 
 sanient : * word now used chieHy 
 in lioiii(ai s»>n»e: that s. person, * sapiens 
 ille homo ut a quibus am habctur; 
 praeclarus ille s-qiiiiitlac auctor. For 
 projter sense, v. w i.-n. 
 
 sapless : I n'UhoiU tap (eep. of 
 I re«-s), siccus: Plin. ift. !8. 72: v. dbt. 
 of Vie b-'dii: Sen. Kp. lo. init.,exsuocu8 
 •;a/. exh,mstus). ||. Fig.; dry, taste- 
 less, insipid: 1. firldus: a t. kind 
 of speech, genus semio'iis a., Cic, de Or. 
 2, ?8, Hg: Tac. Or 19 (libri a.). 2. 
 exsanguis, Auct Her. 4. 11. 16 (ex. 
 orationis genus). 3. ex-uicus: a C 
 orator, ex. (orator), (juinl. 12, 10, 15.
 
 SAPLING 
 
 SATISFY 
 
 SAUCE 
 
 sapling • surculus (ot yov/ng shoot 
 for jtlanling), Cic. de Or. j, 28, no 
 (s. defrlngere) : Virg. G. 2, 87. But, a« 
 adaallij growing young tree is arbor 
 novella, opp. to arbor vetula, Cic. Fin. ;, 
 14, J9. So a s. oak, qiiercus novella, etc. 
 
 saponaceous: v. soapy. 
 
 sapper : esp. as a mint, term, sappers 
 and miners ; 1. munitores = (men 
 engaged in fortif cation or trench vofk, 
 etc.): Liv. 5, 79. 2. lunlcularii.OTiriej-s; 
 Veg. Mil. 2, II. 
 
 Sapohic : Sapphicus : the S. raaid, 
 
 5. puella, Cat. 35, 16 : «. verse, versus s.. 
 Gram. 
 
 sapphire: sapphlrus or sapplrus,/. 
 Plin. J7, 9, J9. Of sapphire, sappbinnns, 
 id. J"), 9, j8 : adorned vrith s., sapphi- 
 ratus (rare and late) : Sid. 
 
 sarcasm: (Gr. a-apKaa-iJLO?' Quint. 8, 
 
 6, J']) nearest terms : 1, asperiures 
 facetiae : Cic. Plane. 14, }} (asperioribus 
 f. perstringere aliquem). 2. cavilla'io 
 acerba (bitter jesting) : Suet. Tib. 57. 
 
 3. as qioaKty, acerbitas [et abunde 
 sails], Quint, 10, 1,94. Acerbae dictorum 
 conlumeliae (Kr.). 
 
 sarcastic : 1. acerbus (bitten; 
 
 stinging): v. sarcasm. 2. mordax 
 (galling, mitdent.) : cf. Hor. S. i, 4, 95 ; 
 Ov. : (but the essential notion of the 
 word is spite rather than wit). 
 
 sarcastically : acerbe ; satis cum 
 acerbitate ; acerba cum caTillatione : v. 
 
 SARCASM. 
 
 sarcophagus : sarcophagus : Juv. 
 10, 17J. 
 
 sardine : I. -^ precious stone : V. 
 .SAEDONTX. II, A fish: sarda : Plin. 
 }2, II, 5J: ib. J2, 5, 17. 
 
 sardonic : only in the phr. sardonic 
 laugh, risus sardonius, Forcell. (e Solin.). 
 
 sardonyx : sard8ny.\. ychis, /. (m. 
 in Juv. 6, ?82: densi radi.iiit testudine 
 tota sardonyches) : Plin. J7, 6. 2 5, init. : 
 Juv. 7, 144 . adorned with s., sard6ny- 
 chatus, Mart. 2, 29, init. 
 
 sarsenet: *textilium sevicorum ge- 
 nus tenue quod anglice sarsenet vocatur. 
 
 sash ; I. -4« article of dress : no 
 exact word ; perh. cingillum (a little 
 girdle) or cinctus; v. girdle. i|. A 
 window sash: *fene8tra (tenetitrae pars) 
 ita facta ut sursum deorsum moveatur. 
 
 sassafras: saxlfragus, Plin. 22, 21, 
 JO, med. 
 
 Satan : Satanas, ae ; or, Satan 
 (indecL). 
 
 Satanic : * Satanicus (late : Scrr. 
 
 Eccl.) : v. I.KVlLIfH, DIABOLICAL. 
 
 satchel : sacciilus (dimin. of saccus) : 
 Plin. 2, ;i, 52 (used of a little bag for 
 corn): v bag. Hor. S. i, 6, 74, uses 
 loculi, orum, to denote a kind of school- 
 boy's satchel (laevo suspensi loculos ta- 
 bulamque lacerto). 
 
 sate ("•) •■ 1. satio, 1 • T cannot be 
 s.d iHth Might, satiari delectatione non 
 possum, Cic. de Sen. i ?, ; z. 2. satiiro, 
 I (to glut : stronger than preced.) : lions 
 s.d mith slaughter, saluratae caede leones, 
 Ov. M. 10, 541: not yet s.d with grief, 
 necdum saturata dolorem, Virg. Aen. 5, 
 608. 3. expleo, evi, etum, 2 : to be 
 s.d with pleasure, voluptate expleri, 
 Cic. Part. Or. 27, 96. For other mean- 
 ings, V. SAIISKV. 
 
 satellite: I. in gen. sense; sa- 
 telles, Itis, c. (an attendant) : Cic: Liv. 
 J,o i n : adiiiinistri et satellites, Cic. 
 Oiuint. 2'i,7iw. \\, A planetary body : 
 perh. Stella minor s. obnoxia : cf. Virg. 6. 
 
 I, J96. 
 
 satiate : satio, exsatio, satiiro : v. 
 SATE, SATISFY. See also foil. art. 
 
 satiety : 1. satietas (involving 
 
 the idea of exces.'!'); the s. and loathing 
 for food, cibi .s. et fastidium, Cic. Inv. i, 
 17, fin. ; to cause s., s. facere, id. Sen. 
 20, fin.: to eat to s., ad s. [edere], Suet. 
 Dom. 21 stopping short of s., citra 
 satietatem, Plin. 2J, 6, 57- 2. older 
 form of preced., satias, atis, /. (rather 
 archaic and less freq. i lian preced. : not 
 in Cic): s. (if love, s. amoris, Liv. jo, j, 
 med. ; wearied vith s. of sight-seeing, 
 fessus satiate videndi, Lucr, 2, 1058. 
 (N.B. — Best avoided.) 3, saturitas 
 708 
 
 (without the idea of excess) : PI. Rud. 3, 
 4, 5J: (quid causae est quin virgis le 
 uscjue ad s. saucieni ?) : Cic. Sen. 15, 16 
 (=: ABUNDANCE). (N.B. — Fastldium is 
 the result of satiety, not satiety itself : 
 
 V. LOATHING.) 
 
 satin: *textilium sericorura genus 
 levigatum ac nitidum quod Anglice satin 
 dicitur. 
 
 satire ; satlra (satiira) : Hor. S. 2, 
 I, I (sunt quibus in satira videar nimis 
 acer) : Juv. i, }o (difficile est satirara 
 non scribere). A nrriter of satires, satl- 
 rlcus: Sid. (N.B. — Senao, conversation, 
 ^ose, as applied to the satires of Hmace, 
 refers simply to the style in which these 
 are composed, and cannot be used of 
 satire in general.) 
 
 satirical : I. Relating to thefoi-m 
 of poetry called satire : satiiicus : a s. 
 poem, s. carmen, Lact. y. 4, mit. (N.B. — 
 Not satyricus; which would refer to the 
 Greek satyric drama.) ||, Given to 
 indulge in satire ; bitterly facetious : 
 1, derisor (on\y of persons) : strictly 
 S!(6s., but capable of being used as adj. 
 {L. G. ^ 598) : how s. yon always will be, 
 ut tu semper eris d., Hor. S. 2, 6, 54. 
 
 2. sometimes, dicax : v. wittv. 
 
 3. cavillosus (v. rare) : Firmic. 
 Phr.: s. language, * sernio acerbiore 
 cavillatione abundans : v. sarcasm, sar- 
 castic. 
 
 satirically: expr. by ridens, irri- 
 dens, etc. : when some erne said s., 'quum 
 aliquis irridens (cavillans) dixisset : v. 
 
 TO J EST, MOCK. 
 
 satirise: 1. probroso s. famoso 
 cariiiine lacesso, insector : v. to lam- 
 poon. 2. arripio, j (poet. : strictly, 
 to pull any one's ears) : he s.d the chief 
 men of the people, primores populi ar- 
 ripuit, Hor. S. 2, l, 69: also ib. j, 224 
 (luxnriam et Nomentanura arripe me- 
 cum). 3. expr. by perstringo, iixi, 
 
 ctuni, }, with some qualifying word (to 
 wound, censure): cf. Cic. Clan. 14, jj 
 (faceiiis p.) : v. sarcasm. 4. some- 
 times, noio, I (to mark, brand, with an 
 allusion to the censor's mark) : Hot. S. 
 I, 4, 5 (multa cum libertate notabant). 
 See also to ridicule, assail. 
 
 satirist ■ \, writer of satires : 
 (scriptor s. poeta) satlrlcus: v. sati- 
 rical (1.). II. One given to indulge 
 in satire: derisor: v. satirical (II.). 
 
 satisfaction : I. ^^ of satisfying 
 or pleasing : usu. expr. by verb: we ire 
 led by nature to the s. of desires, *na- 
 tura ad cupiditates explendas ducimur. 
 (N.B.— Satisfactio means the legal satis- 
 faction of a creditor.) ||. The state 
 of being satisfied en- pleased ; pleasure, 
 contentment: 1. voluptas: I liave de- 
 rived the greatest possible s. from your 
 letter, ex tuis Uteris incredibilem v. 
 cepi, Cic. Fam. 5, 7, init. 2. expr. by 
 placeo, 2 (to give satisfaction to: with 
 dat.) : my house gives iM great s., *domus 
 mea valde mihi placet. A still higher 
 degree of s., may be expr. by delecto, i : 
 it gives me intense s., (Hermathena 
 tua) valde me delectat, Cic. Att. i, i, 
 extr. Ill, Amends : atonement for 
 
 crime ; poena : esp. in phrr. poenam 
 solvere, pendere, dare (denoting punish- 
 ment): Cic. Mil. 31, Jin. (p. solvere): 
 Cic. Att. II, 8, init. (p. pendere): v. 
 punishment : to demand s., poenam or 
 poenas exigere, Ov. M. 14, 478 (de vol- 
 nere p. exigere): the law by nhich s. is 
 demanded (by the Fetiales), jus, quo res 
 repetuniur, Liv. i, 32, med. : cf Cic. Off. 
 I, II, j6 (nullum bellum esse justum, 
 nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, 
 aut denuntiatiim ante sit et indictum). 
 
 satisfactorily: ex sententia (either 
 absol., or with mea, tua, sua, etc., to 
 denote tlie persmi .'iatisfied) : we have 
 carried mi the business s., ex s. rem 
 gessinius, Cic. Fam. 2, 7, itied. : s. to you, 
 ex tua sententia, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3. 5. 
 Sometimes, bene or satis bene may 
 serve : v. well. 
 
 satisfy : i. To supply the natural 
 desires fully : 1, expleo, evi, etum, 2: 
 to s. long-continued thirst, diuturnam 
 sitim ex, Cic. de Sen. 8, 26 : to s. hunger, 
 
 famem ex., Phaedr. j, 1 8, 5 : to x. th/s 
 
 expectation of long-continued desire, ex- 
 peclationem desiderii diutumi ex., Cic. 
 de Or. I, 47, 205. 2. inipleo, 2 : to he 
 s.'d (satisfy oneself) with n ine and irild 
 flesh, Bacchi ferinacque inipleri, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 215. 3. satio, i (to satisfi/ com- 
 pletely ; to satiety); v. to .SATE, satiate. 
 
 II. To give tutisf action to, tir pleasei 
 1, satisiUcio, 3 (often written sepa- 
 rately) : to s. a petitioner, alicui petentl 
 s., Cic. Or. 41, 140: to s. a god (offer the 
 proper worship to him), deo s., Cic. Fam. 
 14, 7, med. 2. placeo, 2 (with dat.) ; 
 delecto, i (stronger than placeo) : v. 
 satisfaction (II., 2). 3. respondeo, 
 di, sum, 2 (to answer to expectations : 
 esp. of crops yielding a good 1 etum) ; 
 cf. Col. 2, I, med., humus magno fenore 
 colono rfspondet: also Virg. G. i, 47, 
 ilia seges votis respondet avari agricolae 
 (thoroughly satisjies him). 4. expr. 
 to be satisfied by satis habeo, 2 (to have 
 enough, to be content with) : he declares 
 he is s.'d, ami more than s.'d, satis 
 superque se habere dicit, Cic. R. Com. 
 4, II : foil, by in fin., to be s'd with de- 
 fending (detendere), Nep. Han. 10, fin. 
 
 III, To pay, recompense, indemnify, 
 etc. : satisfacio, j : to s. the Aedui for 
 injuries, Aeduis de iii.furiis s., Caes. 
 B. G. I, 14: to s. the Sicilians, Siculis s., 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 5 3, init. : to s. the absent 
 (creditors), absentibus satisfacere, Cic. Fl. 
 20, 47: V. PAY. IV, To cmirince, 
 assure: persuadeo, si, sum, 2 (with 
 dat.) : esp. in phr.. Jam (peifectli/) s.'d, 
 mihi persuasum (persuasissimum) est : 
 
 V. TO PERSUADE, CONVINCE. 
 
 satisfactory: 1. idoneus (suit- 
 able, answering the puipose) : a s. (or 
 sufficient) voucher, i. auctor, Cic. Br. 15, 
 57 : s. guarantees, i. pignora, Ulp. I>ig. 
 22, I, 53: V. suitable. 2. in certain 
 cases only, Justus (right and reasonable) : 
 a s. excuse, satis justa excusatin, Cic. in 
 Pis. 15, 36. Phr.: to do anything or 
 act in a s. manner, bene aliquid facere 
 (cf Hor. Ep. I, 2, 4, plenius ac melius 
 dicere, in a fuller and more s. manner) : 
 not in a s. manner, secus (otherwise tfian 
 one would have wished) : even if the 
 issue be not s., etiam si secus accideret, 
 Cic. Fam. 6, 21 : Sail. Jug. 20 (secua 
 cedere) : that is perfectly s., id quidem 
 satis est, satis habeo: v. enough, sa- 
 tisfy (11.). 
 
 satrap : 1. satrapes. is, pi. sa- 
 trapae, m. ; Ter. rieaut. 3, I, 4J: Plin. 
 6, 26, JO, 5 1 19 (satraparum regia). 
 Later form of same word, satraps: Sid. 
 2, pure Lat. praef«-ctus : Nep. Dat. 
 2, fin. (pr. toiius Phrygiae). 
 
 satrapy : satrapea or -la: Curt. 5, I, 
 fin. (s. Babyloniae): Plin. 
 
 saturate ('" foak, steep, impreg- 
 nate): 1. saturo: to s. a robe imth 
 Tyrian purple, Tyrio murice pal lam s., 
 Ov. M. II, 166: to s. vith rich dung, 
 fimo plngui s., Virg. G. i, 80 : Col. 
 2. satio. I : to s. fires urith in- 
 cense, ignes odoribus s., Ov. M. 4, 759: 
 to s. u-itk Tyrian purph, Tyrio pelagic 
 s., Plin. 9. {8,62. 3. imbuo, i.utum, j: 
 a garment s.d irith blood, vestis imbuta 
 sanguine, Ov. M. 9. 153. 
 
 Saturday: sat um idles: Aus. Eciog. 
 
 Saturn: the planet .Saturn, * Stella 
 Saturni. 
 
 saturnalia : saturnalia, neut. pi. 
 3rd dec/..; butgen.pl. -Mrum: Liv.2.2l 
 (saturnalia institutus festus die.s) : on 
 the morning of the s., mane saturnali- 
 bus, Cic. Att. 5, 20: sn, on tlie first day 
 of the s., primis saturnalibus, Inscr. in 
 Forcell. : Smith's Antiq. 
 
 satyr : satyrus (a kind of wood 
 deity), Lucr. 4. 582 (capripedes Saty- 
 ros) : cf. Cic. N. I). 3, 17, 4?. 
 
 satyric : 'n term s. drama : s&t<Ti- 
 cus • Vitr. 5, 6, (8, init.), 9 : a s. drama, 
 satyrus, Hor. A. P. 2j;: (satyrorum 
 scriptor). 
 
 sauce ! 1. condimentum (that 
 
 which seasons^: hunger is tiie s. of food, 
 cibi c. fames, Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 90. 2 
 liquamen (a s. nutde nf fish fat) : Col. 
 (>• 2. 7- 3. jiis, jiiris, n. (Jrroth at
 
 SAUCEPAN 
 
 6 A V 1 O U K 
 
 SAX 
 
 amp) ; Hor. S. 2, 8, 45 (where a recipe 
 is Riven). 4. embanima, iitis, n.: 
 Win. 20 14,5} (einbanimutum mixturae 
 familiaris). 
 
 saucepan : cacabus (vas ubl coque- 
 baiit cibuiii, Vair. L. L. 5,27, 12'3): ('ol. 
 12, 46, init. (c. apiieus). Dimin. cacu- 
 bulus (rare): Tert. 
 
 saucer : 1. pblala (a broad shal 
 low drinlcing vessel) : Juv. 5, j8 (ipse 
 capaces Heliadiim criistas et inequalt-s 
 beryllo Virro tent-t p.) : Plin. jj, 12, ;; 
 (Ullxes et Diomedes eraiit in pliialae 
 cmbleniate Palladiuin subripientes). 
 
 2. palcWii. (a small plate-like vessel, 
 plattei): Hor. Ep. I, 5, 2; Mart. 3. 
 sciitella (a stand 1 or lases): Ulp. Dig. 
 ^4, 2, l<>, ^ 10. 
 
 saucily : pCtulanter : v. impd- 
 
 DENTLV, !•] lUXV. 
 
 saucy. !• i^tulans. Cic. do Or 
 t, 75. fin. (homo petulans). 2. pro- 
 cax ; 'I'ac. Ann. i, 16 (procax lingua). 
 
 3. proierviis- Cic. Fin. 5, 12, jj 
 (homines protervl) : v. pkrt, impuukst. 
 
 saunter : nearest word, vSgor, i : v. 
 
 TO LOITKK. 
 
 saunterer ; v. loiterer. 
 
 sausage : 1. farcimen, Inis, n. 
 
 (appy. the generic term for a staffed 
 intestine: cf. Varr. L. L. 5, 22, in, 
 where various specific names are given) : 
 in Gel!. 16, 7 (botulnm pro f. [La- 
 beriu.s] appellat). 2. hillae, ilrum (a 
 kind of small smoked s.s) : Hor. S. 2, 4, 
 60 (perna magls ac magis iiillis flagitat 
 immorsus refic!) : Varr. 1. c 3. boiu- 
 lus (rare) : Laberlus in Gell. 16, 7 (in 
 mimo, qui Saturnalia inscriptus est b. 
 pro farcimine appellat) : cf. Mart. 14, 
 72- 
 
 savage: I. wild, untamed, fierce: 
 1. fgrus (opp. to cicur, not tame) : 
 hoiv various are the kinds of beasts, 
 whether tavie or s., quam varia genera 
 bestiarum vel cicurum vel f., Cic. N. 1>. 
 2, J9, 99 : huge and s. tteasts, immanes 
 et f. Iteluae, Cic. X. D. 2, 64, 161. 2. 
 silvestrls (inliabiiing the voods. the 
 orig. meaning of savage) : the s. tribes 
 of icild beasts, s. secla feraruni, Lucr. 
 5, 965 . when he uas nourished by 
 the paps of the s. brute (she-wolf ), 
 quum s. belluae uberibus susten- 
 tus esset, Cic. Rep. 2, 2, med. 3, 
 atrox {iiaturally fierce) : Plin. 8, 21, jo 
 (a. lauri silvestres). ||. Totally un- 
 cimlized, rudu, unpolished : \, ini- 
 manis ; 710 race so nild and s.. nuUir gens 
 tamteraet i.,Cic.Tusc. i, ij, jo: nothing 
 (Muld be nwe s. tiuin that beast, niliil 
 ista immaiiius beliia est. Cic. Rep. j, j }, 
 fin. (N'.B.— Ferus and inmianis are 
 very often coupled.) 2. efferatus: 
 nations so vholly s. as..., gentes im- 
 raanitate e., Cic. N. D. i, 2, ;, init. 3. 
 incullus : Tib. 4, l, 59 (Laestrygones 
 i.): V. UNXlviLiZED. |I|. Ivfuriatfd, 
 exasperated .- efiRratus : «. cruelty, sae- 
 vltia e., Val. M. i, i, 14: majte s. with 
 hatrctl and anger, odio, iraqno e., Liv. ;, 
 27, med.: see also enraged. |V. 
 JfataraUy a'uel : J. atrox (dark and 
 unrelenting) : Agrippina was aluays 
 of a gloomy and s. temper, Agrippina 
 semper a., Tac. Ann. 4, 52. 2. sae- 
 vas: V. CRUEL. (N.B.— Truxand triicu- 
 lentus have more reference to outward 
 appearance, cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 65, lior- 
 rklus ac iru.\ tribunus plebis.) 
 
 savage (subs.) .- no single equivalent: 
 •humu iiKnitus, ferus, immanis, ruiiis. 
 
 savagely ■ 1. immiinilcr (late) : 
 Amm. 2. atrociter : too s. threaten- 
 ing a persim, nirals atr. miiians alicui, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 62, 160. 3. (P'lel.) torva, 
 torvum, irit/i s. look, v. kikrcelv (5): 
 (or express by modal abl., magna sae- 
 vitia, etc.) : v. cruelly. 
 
 savageness (subs.): 1, fsntas 
 
 'wiUiness, brutality) : Ov. F. 4, 10} 
 j8. tauri). Join: feritas et imnianlta.^ 
 Cic. OtT. }, 6, li. Tlather stronger, 
 efferita-s (rare): id. Sext. 42, 91. 2. 
 immaiiitJis (inliuman barlxirotisness 
 or cruelty) : a fierceness and imld 
 f., feritas et a^restis i., Cic. I>iv. i, 29, 
 60. the roughness and s. of nature. 
 
 asperitas el 1. naturae, Cic. Am. z}. 87. 
 3. saevitia (fierce cruelty) ; Sail. 
 J. 7 (bostium 8.), Tac Ann. i. 67 (lios- 
 tium s.), I'lin. 2, 47, 47, fin. (tempe:.- 
 tatum s.). 4. atrocilas (»t<!)Ti, unre- 
 lenting cruelty) s. of character, a. 
 inorum, Tac. A. 4, u : Cia Cat. 4, 6, 11 
 (a. animi). 5. lorvitas (usi-d of s. of 
 expression) : Tac. H. z.c/.fin. (vultus t.). 
 save ("•)•■ I. Jy preserve from dan- 
 ger or dest)~ucti'm : 1. servo, 1 . Iluive 
 s.d others that ve ourselves might perish, 
 reteros servavi, ut nos periremus, Cic. 
 Fani. 14, 2, med. : faith, you hare killeii 
 me and not s.'d me, my friends, pol me 
 occidistis, amici, nun servastis, Hor. Ep. 
 2, 2, 189: if fortune could have s.d 
 any from that danger, si quos ex eo 
 periculo fortuna s. potuisset, Caes. B. C. 
 2, 41, fin. : J s.d the state by my de- 
 parture, servavi rempublicam meo dis- 
 cessu, Cic. Sest. 22, 49. Comp. con- 
 servo, I (strengthened from simple 
 verl)); Caes. B. G. 2, 15. Also the ap- 
 parently pleonastic exprr., salvum (ali- 
 queni) sj-rvare, conservaro : Cic. Fam. 
 6, 22, nud. 2. 'ueor, 2 : v. protect, 
 UEFEM>. 3. sospito, I (used in prayer 
 to the gods) : to s. their progeny, suam 
 progeniem s., Liv. i, 16, med. 4. Crip- 
 lo, J : v. TO RESCUE. Expr. by circuml.: 
 
 Lord, s. the queen, salvara fac regl- 
 nam : v. I.iturg. Angl.: to help and s. 
 the needy, opein indigentibus .<aliitem- 
 que ferre (afferre), Cic. Fam. 2, 55, 118: 
 to s. oneself by flight, fiiga salutem adl- 
 piscl, Kr. ; naufiagio enatare ; cf. Hor. 
 A. i'. 20 (fractis navibus enatare). 
 I' h r. : God s. you, salve ; s. salvus sis ! 
 Tqt. pass. II, In theological sense, to 
 s. from eternal death .- salvo, 1 Lact. 
 Ira D. 5. Ill, To keepfromi consump- 
 tion, to reserre. to lay by : 1. r^servo, i : 
 
 1 am s.ing up all my petty cash for that 
 purpose, omnes meas vindeniiolas eo r., 
 Cic. Att. I, 10, } : they are s.i7ig up the 
 rest of the merchandise and pi'ovisions 
 for the siige, reliquas merces commeatus- 
 que ad obsidionem r., Caes. B. C. i, j6. 
 
 2. parco, J : v. to spare. Comp. 
 comparco, j : to accumulate by savings : 
 to s. ounce by ounce out of his rations, de 
 dimenso suo uiiclatlni c<iniparcere, Ter. 
 I'horm. I, I, 9. 3. compendium, with 
 a verb (<o ''ffect a s.ing in) : to s. time, 
 com. teniporis sequi. Col. 4, 22, med. : 
 cf. PI. Pers. 4, ). 2 (ego compendii feci 
 binos panes in dies). 
 
 save (ado.) : v. except. 
 
 saved {adj. and part.) : in addition 
 to p. part, of verbs given under to save : 
 .salvus: Q/ si'we] that the state iras s. 
 by my Sole exertions, mea unius opera 
 rempuljliiam esse salvam, Cic. in Pis. 
 3 : freq. in tlieol. sense, whosoevir will 
 be s., quicunque vult salvus esse, Liturg. 
 Angl. 
 
 savin : brathy, ys, n. = fipaBv : PUn 
 24. 1 1,61, init. (pure Lat. herba .Subina). 
 
 saving (adj.) .• P h r. : u s. clause, 
 perb. exceplio : v. exception : reser- 
 vation. Or expr. by carere: cf. Liv. 
 21, 18, med., Saguntini excipiuntur 
 (there is a s. clause in favour of the 
 .Saguntines) : also, quum caveretur utro- 
 runique sociis (though there was a s. 
 clause in favour of the aUies of both 
 parties to the treaty). 
 
 saving (»"''•'>■•)•■ I. ^^aving, preser- 
 vati"n : conservatio : v. prk^ervatiox. 
 II, Kamomy : compendium (In gen. 
 sense) : a great s. of wood, magnum 
 ligni c, Plin. Z), 7. 64, init. See also, 
 TO save (II.). Ill, Only pi., money 
 spared and laid by : vindemTril.i (lit. 
 small vintage, i. e. glraning) : / am 
 taking care of all my little s.s, omnes 
 meas v. reservo, Cic. Att. i, 10, }. 
 (N.B. — Peculium means the private 
 projierty of a slave acquired by little sj.) 
 
 savingly : parce : Cic. : v. FRU- 
 GALLY, ECONOMICALLY. 
 
 savings-bank : *argentarla tcnui- 
 orum liciniiiiuiu vindemiolis rcdpiendls. 
 
 saviour {subs): I, One who_ de- 
 livers or preserves : 1, servator, 
 /. -trix (a dtlivererim a particular occa- 
 sion) : s. opp. to destroyer of tlie state. 
 
 reipiibllcae servator, perdltor, Oic. Plane 
 id, fin. Join: servat'j- ■ • • ■u,- : 
 all saluting tlteir s. and mi. 
 
 bus s. liberatoremque _, bu>i 
 
 Liv. J4, 50, fin. 2. conservau.r (uni 
 habitual deliverer): the guar^iuuix and 
 s.s of tliis city ati^/ empire, cu-l'-les c. 
 que hujus urbis et imperii, Cic. ^t>t. 24, 
 5J. II, The Kedeemer : salvator 
 
 Cmuiidi); Vulg. /xiM. 
 
 savory (a l.ind of herb) ■ \, 
 
 thyiiibra: Virg. G. 4, ji. 2. ' uiiila 
 Biiiiva, Plin. 20, lb, 65 ('satureia tlijTji- 
 bra, Linn.). 
 
 savour (subt.) : \, sapor : V. 
 
 FLAVOUR (1.). 2. nidor (0/ thingt 
 cook-ivg) : l/te delighlrome $. (of sacri- 
 .fices), laetus n. (sc. victlmaruni), .Mart 
 
 7, 27 (26). 5 : s. oj the kitchen, n. cullnae, 
 .(uv. 5, 162. 3. succiih s. siicus: V. 
 FLAVOUR. Often in tig. sense = lije and 
 vigour, life in style : Cic. de Or. {, 25, 
 96 (oniatur oratlo ^uccu »uo). P h r : 
 to have no »., nil saprre, Juv. 11, 121: 
 (v. TO SAVOUR): without s., insipidus: 
 
 V. INSIPID. 
 
 savour («•) : 1, .'^plo, ivi, and II, 
 } ; with ace. (to taste of): tij t. of the 
 veiy sro. mare ip^u^l s.. Sen. y. N. j, 
 18, 2: Plin. fomp. rC-sIpIo (cf. Ger., 
 nachgesihmaek, aftertaste): (the nine) 
 s.s of the iron vessel, (vinum) ferrum 
 resipit, Varr. li. It. i, 54. 2. rfdoleo, 
 2 (to smell of: also with ace): Cic, 
 Phil. 2, 2i,fin. (vInum r.): v. to smell 
 
 OF. 
 
 savoury (a/lj.) .- 1. conditus (of 
 tbing^ made s. by seasoning) : to make 
 tilings still more s. (impart a higher 
 relish to lliem), (ea) conditiora facere, 
 Cic. Sen. 16. 56. 2. sipidiis (not in 
 Cic ) : Apul. 3. siporus (rare and 
 very late): Lact. j, 16, fin. (merces 
 saporae). P h r. : to be s., bene sapere : 
 
 V. TO .SAVOUR. 
 
 savoy : * brassTca Olfiracea : Linn, 
 saw : I. The tool: serra; Cic 
 Tusc. 5, 40, 1 16 (stridor serrae) : Ch-. M. 
 
 8, 246. Uimin. serrula (a small satr) .- 
 Cic. Clu. 64, 180 Varr. R. Pl. i, so: 
 jagged like a s., serratus, Plin. 11, 37, 
 61. II. A wise saying: proverbium: 
 
 V. PRO\ ERB. 
 
 saw ('■•)•• I, Trans. : 1. trans- 
 late by serra with verbs -seco, circum- 
 seco, e.\seco, disseco, according to vaiia- 
 tions of meaning : tlie wood is t"0 hard 
 to 6e sawn, * lignum durius est quam ut 
 serra secarl possit: tos.a perjori through 
 the middle (as a mode of execution), ali- 
 quern medium serra dissecare. Suet. Ca'. 
 27, med.: cf. Cic. Clu. 64, 180 (qua illud 
 potuisse ita serra circums«-carl [town 
 all round] videretur). 2. s«rro, ! : 
 Vcg. Mil. 2, 2;. II. I n trans.: ser- 
 ram ducere: cf. the phr. serram ducere 
 cum aliquo de aliqiia re (to quarrel u-ith 
 anybody at>out anything), Varr. R. R. 
 }.6. 
 
 -dust : 1. scSbls, is./. ; scib* 
 
 Is of less authority (ponder or dust pro- 
 duced by sawing, rafpi7ig,ctr.) : to make 
 a j^ace neal with s., (locum) scobe 
 emundare, Juv. 14, 67 : to keep grapes 
 fresh in fir s., alii^ gna siobe virije* 
 uvas custodire. Col. ii, 4?: Hor. Sal. 2, 
 14,81. 2. serrago,lnis,/. (very rare): 
 Coel. Aiir. 
 
 -fish : srn-d : PUn. 9, 2. I 
 
 (•prislls aiiilqiU'rum, Linn.). 
 
 -fly: • tethrt'do : Linn. 
 
 -pit: serruirina: Xon. 
 
 sawyer: scrrariu«: Gloss, in For- 
 cell. s. T. 
 
 saxifrage: ••saxifrjga: Cyci (saxi- 
 fi-agu hcrla • Apul.). 
 
 say (•'•.' •■ A. Id connected liis- 
 course : |. Ti) express in uords : 1, 
 dico, XI, ctum, } : 1 shall s. what I think. 
 dicam qui>d senlio, Cic, Parad. i. 2. /*. 
 again and again, etiara alque eti.t.ni 
 dico, C!c. Att.'l J, j;. I'm. : usu. followed 
 by ace. ond iif., L. 0. } 507. 2. aio, 
 verb defect, {to affirm, ••yftrn-d to nego, 
 to drn'y): some iaid that Ttirquiniut 
 had lieen insiigalni by Cicro. alii Tar- 
 quinium a Cicemne immii^iim aiebanl. 
 Sail Gil. 48: Diogenes sj that il is io, 
 TOO
 
 SATING 
 
 SCALE 
 
 SC A LP Eli 
 
 Antipater denies it. Diogenes ait, Anti- 
 pater iiegat, Cic. 0£f. j, 2 }, 91 : usu. foil. 
 by ace. and inf., L. G. I.e. 3. nggo, 
 I (used in .^ucb phrr. as, he s.s that he is 
 not, etc., and always implying a counter 
 assertion) the .Stnics s. that nothing is 
 good unless it is honourable, Stoici 
 negant quicquam esse bonum nisi quod 
 honestum sit, Cic. Fin. 2, 21,68; (,'otLa 
 S.S that he mill not go to an armed 
 enemy, Cotta se ad armatum liostem 
 iturum negat, Caes. B. U. 5, }6. 4. 
 loquor, ciitus, } : v. to speak. 5. 
 fari, fatus, i (poetical form of loquor) : 
 scarcelij liad I said these things, vix ea 
 fatus eram, Virg. Aen. i, ;2! : thus he 
 said, and hurled his mighty spear, sic 
 fatus, et ingentem hastam contorsit, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 50 : one who can be pru- 
 dent, and s. what he thinks, qui sapere 
 et fari possit quae sentiat, Hor. Ep. i, 
 
 4, 9. In relative clauses : come now s. 
 why are you come, fare age, quid venias, 
 Virg. Aen. 6. J89. P h r. : to say no- 
 thing, iiuUam vocem emittere, Liv. i, 
 54 : nuUam reddere vocem. Curt, (in Kr.) : 
 no sooner said than done, dictum ac 
 factum, Ter. Andr. 2, j, 7 : w ith similar 
 meaning, dicto cilius, Virg. Aen. i, ij5. 
 
 II. To report ; esp. in such phrr. 
 as, it is said, they say, etc. ; 1. trade, 
 didi, ditum, } {to hand doion by tradi- 
 tion) : so it is said, sic est traditum, Cic. 
 Leg. I, I, } : it is said that Galba, 
 Jfricanus, and Laelius were learned 
 men, Galbam, Africanum, Laelium doc- 
 tos tuisse traditum est, Cic. Tusc. I, j, 
 5: they s. that Fhidias himself. .. ., 
 ipsum Phidian tradunt..., Plin. j6, 4;, 
 
 5. 5 }■ 2. narro, i ((0 relate) : fhil- 
 argyrus said tome. . ., mihi Philargyrus 
 narravii (foil, by ace. and inf.), Cic. 
 Fam. 6, i, fm. (In such sentences as, 
 it is said that. ... a pers. form is usu. 
 preferred to an impers. ; as, it is said 
 that Greece on accoutd of the lone of 
 Paris, etc., Graecia [not Graeciam] 
 propter Paridis narratur amorem.., 
 Hor. Ep. I, 2, 6 : it is said that in the 
 Fontus the Caecias attracts the clouds 
 towards itself, narrant in I'onto Caecian 
 in se trahere nubes, Plin. 2, 47, 48 : 
 Cinna is said to write little verses 
 against me, versiculos in me narratur 
 scribere Cinna, Mart, j, 9.) 3. dico, 
 xi, ctum, J : concerning this man (Dio- 
 dorus) it is said to Verres that he has very 
 good embosseil worlcs of art, de hoc [Dio- 
 doro] Verrl dicitur habere eum perbona 
 toreumata, Cic. Verr. 4, 18, ;8. Some- 
 times used impers. : they s. that Chrysis 
 had lived in this street, In hac habitasse 
 platea dictum 'st Cbrysidem, Ter. Andr. 
 4, 5, I : it was said that Titus, before 
 he went away, had earnestly beggid his 
 father, etc., Titum, antequam digre- 
 deretur, multo apud patrera sermone 
 orasse dicebatur, etc., Tac. H. 4, 52, init. 
 (N.B. — Jmpers. constr. best avoided.) 
 
 4. aio, i : V. defect, (in quoting a 
 proverbial phr.): as they s., ut aiunt 
 (as the saying is: parenthetically intro- 
 duced), Cic. de Or. 2, 57, 2;{: cf. Hor. 
 Ep. I, 7, 49. 5. fero, tuli, latum, j 
 (esp. in jrd pers. pi. act., and ird pers. 
 sing. pass. = Fr. on-dit, it is said) : for 
 it is .^aid that there was a ceiiain De- 
 maratus, a Corinthian, fuisse enim 
 quendam ferunt DeniaratumCorinthium, 
 Cic. I{ep. 2, 19, meii. : they s. that the 
 giaiits aimed at the heavenly kingdom, 
 affectasse ferunt regnum caeleste gigan- 
 tas, Ov. M. I. 152. Passive use chiefly 
 poet. : cf. Ivucr. ;, 14 (namque Ceres 
 fertur fruges instituLsse): Virg. Aen. i, 
 15 (quam Juno fertur terns magis 
 •mnihus unam posthabita soluisse Sa- 
 mo). B. Used parenthetically, like 
 (lUr "said I," "said he " usu. inquam, 
 i, defect. : lest " says I" and " says he " 
 should be too often introduced, ne in- 
 quam et inquit saepius interponeretur, 
 Cic. Am. 1, } defend this one daii, this 
 one, I say, if thou canst, huiic unum 
 diem, hunc unum, inquam, defende si 
 potes, Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 112. 
 
 saying (.subs.)-. 1. dictum- it is 
 US. of Vato Catonis est d„ Cic. Fl. 29, 
 no 
 
 fin. : esp. a bon-mot, vritticism, id. de 
 Or. 2, 54, fin. (N.B. —This word may 
 retain its verbal cmistruclion, Ijeing con- 
 strued with an adv. instead of an adj. : 
 e. g. shrewd s.s, acute dicta, rather than 
 acutadicta: cf. LG. $ 642, obs. 1.) 2. 
 proverbium, verbum v. piio\ kbb. 3. 
 often not e.vpr. : that is an honourable 
 s. of Solon's, honestum illud Solonis, 
 Cic. Sen. 14, 50: so, praeclarum illud, 
 etc.: V. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. ille (11.). 
 Phr.: as the s. is, ut aiunt (parenthetic- 
 ally introduced) ; also, quod aiunt, quo 
 modo aiunt; or, simply, aiunt: Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 57. 2{) (docebo su»— ut aiunt — 
 oratorem) : id. in Pis. 28, 69 (quomodo 
 aiunt): Ter. Andr. 4, 5, 10 (aiunt, 
 alone). 
 
 scab: I. The disease: 1, scabies, 
 em, e, JF. : the s. attacks the sheep, s. 
 tentat oves, Virg. G. j, 441 : a person 
 afflicted with the s., scabie laburaiis, 
 Cels. 5, 28, 16, exlr. (N B.— The form 
 scabritia occurs in Col., and the diniin. 
 scabiola in Aug.) 2. impgtigo, inis,/. 
 (a scabby eruption) : Cels 5, 28, 17. v. 
 TETTRR. 3. mentigo.hn^.f. {the dis- 
 ease in lambs, called in rustic language 
 ostigo) : Col. 7, 5, 21, ad fin. See also 
 ITCH (I.), MANGE. ||. A thin cooting 
 over a sore : crusta : the s. of an ulcer 
 c. ulceris, Cels. 5, 9. See also scar. 
 
 scabbard : v^Ina : an ivory s., v. 
 eburnea, Virg. Aen. 9, jo; (also poet, 
 simply ebur, Ov. M. 4, 148) : to draw 
 the sword from the s., gladium e vagina 
 educere, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14; vagina eripere 
 ensem, Virg. Aen. 4, J79 ; telum vagina 
 nudare, Nep. Dat. 11, 4: to put, back the 
 sword into the s., gladium in vaginam 
 recondere, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14 : a sword 
 laid bii in the s., gladius in vagina 
 reconditus, id. Cat. I, 2, 4. (N.B. — Plin. 
 employs the dimin. vaginula in the 
 sense of a small husk.) 
 
 scabby : 1. sc4ber, bra, brum : s. 
 sheep (mangy), s. oves, Cato, R. R. 9ft, 2. 
 Fig.: s. verses, s. versus, Macr. Sat. 6, j, 
 ad fin. : v. sfJRRT. 2. scabiosus : 
 
 Pers. 2, ij: Col. (N. B.— The forms 
 scabidus, scabridus, late and unclass.) 
 3. impgtiginosus (suffering from 
 impetigo : v. itch, I.) : Ulp. Dig. 21, i, 6. 
 
 scabious: *scabiosa (Linn.). 
 
 scaflfold, scaffolding: |. Lit., 
 
 tile uooden framework : 1. catasta 
 (a s. made of wood on which slaves were 
 exposed for sale) : Tib. 2, j, 61 (66) : 
 Plin. 2. machina (strictly, any con- 
 trivance or framenork) : a builder's s., 
 m. aedificationis, Plin. 19, 2, 8. 3. 
 occasionally expr. by other words : Sen. 
 Ep. 88, 22, speaks of s. rising up from 
 beneath the stage, as, tabulata tiicite 
 crescentia, pegmata per se surgentia. 
 (Jne vjho works on a s., machio, Isid. 
 Orig. 19, 8: machinarius, Paul. Dig. 9, 
 2, }i: V. also platform, framework. 
 II. Meton. to denote capital punish- 
 ment : expr. by mors (ad mortem duci, 
 Cic. Cat. I, I, }): supplicium capitis 
 (supplicio capitis afficere, to consign to 
 the s.. Suet. Gal. 12): also sometimes, 
 securis (executioner's axe) : v. to 
 beheau. 
 
 scalade : v. escalade, scale. 
 
 scald (»>•) •• P h r. : io J. a pig, aqua 
 candente suem glabrare. Col. 12, 5}, ad 
 fin. : to throw s.ing water over anybody, 
 aqua fervente aliquem perfnndere, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, i, 26, 67. 
 
 scald (subs.) : I. A burn caused by 
 hot water : adusta, orum, n. pi., in Cels. 
 5, 27, 18, prob. includes both bums and 
 s.s: Plin. has adustio, V. BURN. ||, A 
 northern minstrel : vates, is, c. : v. bard. 
 
 scale (subs.) : I. The dish of a ba- 
 lance : lanx, cis,y. ^with dimin. laucula, 
 Vitr. 10, 8, 4: Varr.): to depress the s., 
 1. deprimere, Cic. Acad. 2, 12, J7 : to put 
 the possessions of the body into one s., 
 those of the soul into the other, in alteram 
 I. animi boaa imponere, in alteram cor- 
 poris, id. Tusc. 5, 17, ;i. A pair of s.s, 
 libra, triitina: v. halavoe. The locales 
 (a constellation), Libra. Manil. : a balance 
 tvith its two S.S. libra bilanx, Mart. Cap. 
 II, A thin plate . natural or arti- 
 
 ficial : 1, squiinia : covered witn s.i 
 (asjishes), squamis obductus, Cic. ^t. l>. 
 2,47, 121 : applied to scale-armour, Ya\ 
 Aen. II, 771 : to S.S of metal struck Oj 
 by the hammer, Plin. J4, 11, 24 (q. v, 
 Dimin., squamula : small s.s fall from 
 the surface of the skin, s. ex summacute 
 decidunt, Cels 5, 28, 17. 2. lamina 
 (also contr. l.imna, Hur. ; a thin plate 0/ 
 metal): defensive armour made of iron 
 S.S, tegumen ferreis I. consertum, Tac. H. 
 
 1, 79. Phr. : o coat if scale-armour, 
 cataphractes, ib. : fir-anies closely com- 
 pacttd like s.s, nucaraenia squamatim 
 compacta, Plin. 16, 10, 19. ad fin. |||. 
 Regular gradation : expr. by gridus in 
 pi. : the s. of human society, g. soiietatis 
 humanae, Cic. Off. 1, 17, jj: v. grada- 
 tion. IV. Standard of proportion : 
 nearest word modulus (cf Suet. Ner. 49) : 
 maps on a larger s., * tabulae ampliore 
 modulo descriplao : sometimes also 
 merely expr. by adj. of size ; a war on 
 a grander s., majus bellum, Liv. 21. 2. 
 Phr.: a oovered passage almost on the 
 s. of a public building, cryptopurticus 
 prope publici operis instar, i^lin. Ep. 2, 
 17, 16; there was never an engagement 
 on a vaster s., non alias majore mole 
 concursum, Tac. A. 2, 46. V, A gra- 
 duated instrument: *scala(geometrica, 
 etc.) : i^Kr.) : v. measure. V!. •'" 
 music , diagramma, atis, n. : Vitr. 5, 4, l : 
 the s.frTji base to treble, scaiisio sonorum, 
 id. 6, I, t : also, octachordum (o system 
 of 8 notes), Boeth. Miss. 5, 14; »scala, 
 Kircher, Musurg. vol. i. p. 214 (Rome. 
 1650). Phr.: to run down the s., vocem 
 ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravis- 
 simum sonum recipere, Cic. de Or. 1, 
 59, 251 : (cf. omnes sonorum gradiis per- 
 sequi, id. Or. 18, 59). (N.B.— As the 
 ancient system of music differed funda- 
 mentally from the modern, it is impos- 
 sible to e.\pr. in class, lang. a major 
 or minor s. [* scala major, minor, quam 
 vocant] : these terms are however 
 used: a chromatic s., chroma; a dia- 
 tonic s., diatonum ; an enharmonic S., 
 enharmonicum, Boeth. On the whole 
 subj., V. Diet. Ant. art. " Music") 
 
 scale ("■) •■ I. 'I'o lake off' the scales : 
 desquamo, i : to s.fish, d. pisces, PL Aul. 
 
 2, 9, I. \\. To climb by ladders: expr. 
 by phr. with scalae, arum : to s. a ram- 
 part, vallum scalis ascendere, Caes. B. G. 
 5, 45 : to s. the walls, s. positis muros 
 ascendere, id. B.C. i, 48 : scalis scandere 
 muros, in muros evadere, Liv. 29, 7 : to 
 take a tovm by s.ing the walU, oppidnm 
 scalis capere, id. 8, 29, ad fin. : v. esca- 
 lade : a machine for s.ing the walls, 
 asieiidens machina, Vitr. 10, i j (19), J. 
 
 scalene: scalenus, Auson. Idyll, ij, 
 prooem. ^ 7 : « s.-triangle, scalenon 
 (-um), Ps.-BoSth. Ars Geom. p. 407, 
 ed. Teubn. 
 
 scaling-ladder: scalae, arum: to 
 mount the s.s, scalis egredi. Sail. J. 61 : 
 one or two s.s were broken, unae atque 
 alierae s. comminutae, ib. : Caes. : Liv.: 
 also ascensus, us, Vitr. 10, ij (19), 8. 
 
 SCallion : * allium schoenoprasum 
 (Linn.). 
 
 scallop (subs.) : I. A kind of 
 
 shell-fish : pecten, inis, m. : broad s.s, 
 patuii p., Hor. S. 2, 4, 14 : Plin. Dimin., 
 pectunculus: id. 9, 29, 45. ||, .4 hollow 
 made in the border of any thing : nearest 
 word perh. * sinus, iis (which is applied 
 to the bend of a reaping-hook, the curve 
 of a serpent in motion, etc.) : v. foil. art. 
 
 SCallOD ("•) •• perh. best expr. by 
 sTnuo. I (to curve, hoUrnv out: it occurs 
 trans, in Cels. 7, 2, ad fin.): a s.'d edge, 
 *limbus inirorsus sinuatus (cf. Tac. H. 
 5, II)- s.'d leaves, slnuosis folia lateri- 
 bus, Plin. 16, 6, 8, ad init. 
 
 scalp (subs.) : no prop, equiv. : expr. 
 by cutis, is,/, (skin): calvaria "cute" 
 capillum gignente contegitur, Cels. 8, I, 
 ad init. : it may perh. be expr. by 
 * exuviae (poet. ; cf. CatuU. 66, 62). 
 
 scalp ("•) •■ * cutem capiti alicajos 
 detrahcre. 
 
 scalpel : 1, scalpellum (prop. 
 
 dimin. cif foil. : the form scalpellus is 
 used by Cels.) : to employ the s., s. ad-
 
 SCALY 
 
 hibere, Cic. Sest. 65, ijj. 2. scalprum 
 (also scalper, ri, Oels. 8, j): v. knife. 
 
 scaly : 1. squdmosus : a s. dragon, 
 s. draco, VIrg. tx. 4, 408. 2. squameus : 
 a s. serpent, 8. anpuis, Virg. G. 2, 1 54. 
 
 3. squanilger, 6ra, firum : Ov. : Suet. 
 
 4, squamifer, era, 6rum : Lucan : 
 Sen. 5. squamatus (not class.) : TerU 
 
 SCammony : scammonea, Cic. I^iv. 
 1, 10, 16 (the form scatnmoneum occurs 
 ioCato; sciimmouluin and -ia, lii Plln.): 
 ♦Convolvulus sciiiunioiii'a, l.inn. 
 
 scamp : sciSlus, verbfiro, furclfer • T. 
 
 BASC'AL, SCOUNDICKI,. 
 
 scamper : expr. by phr. : to t. off, 
 oonjicere se in pedes, Ter. Ph. 1,4, ij: 
 / S. off, ego me in pedes (.vc. conjicio), 
 id. Eun. 5, 2, 5 : f'et, ivhi/ dun't you s. 
 awayf quin pedes vos in curriculum 
 conjicltis.' I'l. Merc. 5, 2. qi : to s. off in 
 ahwry, abripere se subito, id. Mil. 2, 2, 
 21 : s. away, fac te propere celerem, id. 
 Trln. 4, J, I : <o s. along the road, viam 
 Torare, Catul. 55, 7. 
 
 scan : !• '''<* ^xamive attentively : 
 1. contempl'ir, i (to look climdyat): 
 to s. one's counte'iance, c. vullum, Per. 
 Ph. !,4, 52. tos. theca^e munt narrowly, 
 causam acerrinie <;., Cic. Flac. II. 26. 
 2. considero, \ . tos. anybody cUisdy, 
 c. aliquem diligenter, Suet. Cal. ib. 
 Join: coiitemplari et c, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 I?. J?- 3. in.spicio, exi, ectum, j; v. 
 KXAMiNF, LOOK INTO. ||, To dioide a 
 ivrse into /i-et . \. expr. by metior, 
 mensus, 4 (to measure) : to s. a verse by 
 syllables, not bii intervals, pedes m. syl- 
 labia non Intervallis, Cic. Or. 57. 194: 
 to s. a verse by feet, pedibus versuni m., 
 Mar. Vict. 249J p. 2. scando. di. sum, 
 } : to s. a rerse, s. versum, Claud. Kpigr. 
 29, 2 (in a pun) : Dlumed. Pli r. ; to s. 
 metrei, metra enuraerare, Cledon. 1885 v : 
 to s. a line, pedes versiculi eiiunierare, 
 Sramm. quoted by Kr. 
 
 scandal: I. a jUi^ant offence: 
 opprobrium {reprnocK) : to be a s. to the 
 ttal , opprobrio esse civitati, Nep. Con. 
 i, 4 : the s. of the village (in concrete 
 sense) : s. paiii, Hor. Od. 2, i J, 4 : v. 
 BEPBOACH, DISC HACK. Phr.." to efface 
 the s. of this order, huic ordini con- 
 ceptam turpitudiiiem attjue infamiara 
 delere, Cic. Verr. Act. i, 16, extr. -. the 
 s. of the age, seculi labes atque macula, 
 Cic. Balb.6, 15: infamia. Ov. M. 8, 97: 
 a s. to posterity, posleritatis crimen, id. 
 Tr. 4, 9, 26. (N.B. — Scandalum is used 
 by eccl. writers for a stambling-bb>ck, 
 rause of offence.) ||, Defamatory 
 
 talk: malignus sermo, Suet. A\ifi. 27: 
 
 V. CALUMNY, SLANDER. Phr.: to talk S. 
 
 behind one's back, de abseiile dctrahendi 
 causa maledlce contumelioseque dicere, 
 Cic Off. I, J7, IJ4 : to s,et a s. on foot 
 respecting any one, aliquid sermonls in 
 aliquem quaerere, id. Flac. 5, IJ: con- 
 turaelias in aliquem jacere, Tac. A. 2, 55, 
 extr. Sometimes expr. by rumor, ib. ; or 
 fama, Virg. Aen. 4, 172. 
 
 scandalize : offendo, di, sum, j .- 
 
 etc. : V. Tl) SHOCK, OFKKND. 
 
 scandalous ; 1. probrosus (.cha- 
 racterized by disgraceful conduct) : of s. 
 life, vita probrosus [et opertus infamia], 
 Tac. A. ?, 69: Cic. Font. 12. 27 (p. cri- 
 men): Hor. 2. e.xpr. by probrum, 
 flagltium (scandalous cmiduct) : to be ex- 
 pelled from the senate for s. life, probrl 
 gratia si-natu moveri. Sail. Cat. 2j : to be 
 regarded as s., probro esse, ib. 12: that 
 s. behaviour of the soldiers, ilia militum 
 fiagiiia, Tac. A. I, 27. (Offensioni es,se 
 [R. and A.J denotes rather unpopularity 
 than scamlal.) 3, infamis, flagitiosus 
 
 V. INTAMofs, DlSfiRACEKUL. 
 
 scandalously : flagitiose v ws- 
 
 GRACEFri.I.V. 
 
 scansion : scanslo ; Bcda, 2j68 p ; 
 *dimfciisio metrica (Kr.). 
 
 scant, scanty : 1. exiguus : o s. 
 gown, e. toga, Hor. Ep. i, 19, ij: o s. 
 number, e. numerus, Caes. B. C. 2, J9 : 
 a moderate or rather a s. structure, opus 
 modicum ac poiius <■., Plin. Ep. 6, 10 : 
 S. praise, e. laus, Cic. Agr. 2, 2, ;. 2. 
 angustus (narrmv, confined), s. means at 
 i07ie, res a. domi, Jnv. j, 16;. Join 
 
 lei 
 
 SCARCE, SCARCELY 
 
 exiguus atque a., Cic Hab. perd. }, 9. 
 3. tenuis (slight, trifling) : a 
 wretclirdly s. spoU, misera ac t. praeda, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, JJ: a s. slieaia. t. rivulus, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 19. 4. curtUB (mutilated, 
 defective : only fig.) : a s. stifk, c, su- 
 jiellex, Pers. 4, 52 : s. faith, c. fides. Juv. 
 14, 166 : Hor. 5. maligiiiis (stingy, 
 stinted) : a s. fire, m. ignis. Mart. 10, 
 16, 7: Virg. 6. rarus (/>•"■ and far 
 tiirert) s. bundles, r. racemi, Virg. E. 
 5i 7- 7. parcus ; v. sparing. 
 
 scantily ; 1. exigue (for syn. see 
 adj.) : to furnish means s., e. sumptum 
 praebere. Per. Heaut. i, 2, jj. Cic. 2. 
 anuuste: Caes. B. G. 5, 24. 3. mi- 
 ligne : Mela : Sen. : v. sparingly, 
 
 POORLY. 
 
 scantiness ; 1. exTguTlas : the s. 
 of the Joyces, e. copianim, Coel. in Cic. 
 Fam. 8, 10, l : Cic. : Caes. 2. an- 
 gusliae, arum, /. pi. : the s. of the stock 
 of com, a. rei frumentariae, Caes. B. C. 
 2 \T the s. of their pay, a. stipendii, 
 Tac. A. I, ?5. 
 
 scape-soat : caper emissarius, Vulg. 
 I..ev. xvi. 26. Phr. : am I to be the s. 
 of your foil 1/ f mi'n' piacul.irem oportet 
 fieri ob stultitiam ttiani ? I'l. Epid. i, 2, 
 }6. (So peril, placuluni : cf. I.iv. 21. lo, 
 ail fin.. nic delrndum solum id piaculum 
 [Hamiibalcm] rupti foederis, etc.) 
 
 -grace : nfibtilo : Cic : Hor. ; 
 
 V. PHODKiAL. 
 
 sca'^lary : * scapulare : vestis sca- 
 pulaiis (Kr.). 
 
 scar (S'llis.): cicatrix: an ugly s., 
 foeda c, Hor. Ep. i. 5, 60 • to form a s. 
 (over a icoand), c. ducere, Liv. 29, ?2 • 
 inducere, Cels. 7. 28 : to show the s.s of 
 nounds received in front. ostendeTe c. 
 adverso corpore exceptas, Cic. Verr. 5, i, 
 } ; Liv. 2, 2? of the mark of a tooth 
 on the bark of a tree, Virg. G. 2, 179. 
 Dimin. ciciiirUQla (a small s.): Cels 
 2, 10, extr. 
 
 scar (!-'.)•• expr. by *cicatriclbus foe- 
 dare. 
 
 scarce (odj)-' rarus: to prefer s. 
 things to comnum, anteponere rara vul- 
 garibus, Cic. Pop. 18, 69 ; faithfulness 
 in friendships is rare, r. in amicitlls 
 fides, Plin. Ep. 6, 10 : very s., perranis, 
 Liv.: V. KARF,, uncommon. Phr.: 
 make yourselves s., hinc vos amolimini, 
 Ter. Andr. 4, 2. 24. 
 
 . scarcely : I. of complete- 
 
 vess : barely: 1. vixt it was s. 
 
 right, V. erat rectum, Cic. Att. 6, 9, ad 
 fin. : s. believing my senses, v. mi ipse 
 credeiis. Cat. }l, 5 ■ reduced to s. Joo, v. 
 ad 1). reducti, Caes. B. G. 2, 28: s. }o 
 days, v.duni xx.\. dies, Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 
 2 : s. or not at all, v. aui omnino non. 
 Id. Att. J, if, 2: V. aut nuUo modo, id. 
 N. D. 2, 7, 20. The foil, also occur : s., 
 ... much less, vix... nedum, id. Fam. 
 
 16, 8 : Llv. 24, 4: .•>■ yet, v.. . . sed ' 
 
 tamen, Cic. Pis. 12, 27. Stronger fonns: 
 v. saltern. Quint. 6,4. i;: vix, vixque, 
 Albinov. i, 167. .S'. any one, v. ullns, 
 Liv. 24, 5,a(i init. : also in pi., v. pauci, 
 Cic. de Or. I, 2, 7: but these phrr. are 
 more usu. with fere- nemo f., id. Am. 
 I, 5: non f. quisquam, id. Sest. 2?, 51: 
 non uUus f., Caes. B. G. 5. J?: s.any 
 but the nanus of the kings, tantum f. 
 regum nomlna, Cic. Rep. 2. 18: witli s. 
 any hai'bours, prope nuUis portihus, 
 Caes. B. G. ?, 12, cul fin. 2. aegre 
 (nith difficulty and effort, opp. to fa- 
 cile) : they s. refrain from attacking the 
 camp, a. abstinent quin castra oppug- 
 iieiit. Liv. 2, 45 : Cic. Sen. 20, 72. Join: 
 vix aegreque, PI. Poen. i, 2, 27; vix et 
 aegre, Flor. 2, 10. Phr.: s. alire. 
 male vlvus, Ov. .\. A. 2, 66d ■ to have s. 
 enough com for jo days, fnimentum 
 exigue dierum xix. habere, Caes. B. (i. 
 7, 71: also expr. by baud, non facile, 
 Cio. Brut. 67, 2}8: Rep. i, j, ad fin. 
 II, Of time : hardly : 1. vix 
 (strengthened Treq. by dum : v. preced.) : 
 the foil, clause is introduced most freq. 
 by quum : poet, also by et or que, or 
 without connecting word : he had s.said 
 this, uhen . . . , v. ea fatus erat, quum .... 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 190: see also ib. 5, 857; 
 
 3 C.< T T E R 
 
 8, 520: / had s. said half vhtr, to 
 caught my meaning, v.dum dimidiam 
 di.xeram, inlellexerat, Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 4. 
 Strengthened by other advt. : I >iave t. 
 read the letter, v. tandem legi littenus 
 Cic. Fam. }, 9, init. : he hail s. •.tmeiJL, 
 V. bene desierat, Ov. M. 2, 47. 2. 
 expr. by tantum quod ; / had s. arrived 
 when the letter vas handed to iJK, t q. 
 veneram quum litterae reddiiae sunt, 
 Cic. Fam. 7, 25, init. : v. juaT. 
 
 scarceness, scarcity: 1. pau- 
 clta.s (_/ci<7i'.>s; ; a wonderful s. of 
 panthers, mira panlherarum p., Cic. 
 Fam. 2. II, 2. 2. pgnurla (OoirfA).- 
 in a time of s.. In peiiuria, Plin. 18, It 
 J4, ad fin. : a s. of goiid men, p. bon- 
 orum, Cic. Brut. i. 1. 3. angustlae, 
 arum (straits, incuiequate sufiply) : $. 
 of provisions, a. rei frumentailae, Caes. 
 B. C. 2, 17 ; Cic. 4. difficultas (diffi- 
 culty of obtaining anyViing) : a i. of 
 money, d. niimaria, Cic. Verr. 2, 28, 69; 
 o s. of provisions, d. aimonue. Suet. Aug. 
 41. 5. carltas (high price): first 1. 
 then positiie want, primiim c, delude 
 inopia, Auct. pro Ilom. 10, 25 • in a 
 time of s , in cariute, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 5, 8: 
 it II as a yexir of very great r., aiiims in 
 suniuia c, full. Id. Vi-rr. j, 9}, 216: v. 
 DKARTii. 6. inijpia: v. wast, najri. 
 TL'TioN. Phr.: the people were suffer- 
 ing from a great s. of j-rovisionr, plebs 
 acrl aniiona fatigabaiur, Tac. A. 4, b: a 
 season of s. had arisen, aimona artior in- 
 ciderat. Suet. lib. 8: frunieiiHim an- 
 gustius provenerat, Caes. B. G. 5, 24. 
 
 scare : terreo, 2 : tlu: reeds t. the birds, 
 arundo t. volucres, Hor. S. i, 8, 7: v 
 
 TO FRIGHTEN. 
 
 -crow : perb. formido, Inis, /. 
 
 (a string with feathrrs fastened at 
 intervals, llnea pennis distincta dicta f.. 
 Sen. Ira, 2, 11, ?) rf. Hor. S. i. 8, 4, 
 
 scarf: perh. mitella (a s. or hand- 
 kerchief by which a broken arm is sus- 
 peruied): Cels. 8, 10, j. As an article of 
 dress perh. chlimys, ydls, /. ; v. UjcU 
 Ant. 
 
 scarification : scSriflcatio, Col. 6, 
 12, I ■ Plin. 
 
 scarify : .sciriflco, 1 -. to s. the gums, 
 
 8. gingivas, Plin. }2, 7, 26. 
 
 scarlet {subs, and atlj.) : coccum 
 (prop, a berry : hence y. colour or cloth) : 
 a garment dyed with brilliant s., nibro 
 c tincta vestis, Hor. S. 2, 6, 102 : $. 
 colour, cocci color, Plin. jj. 7. IT- ropet 
 made of purple and s., purpura cocco- 
 que nexi lunes. Suet. Ner. 54. H<iice 
 adj. coccineus, or more fr<q. coccinns ■ 
 «. garments, coccina (11. pi.). Mart. 14, 
 151. Phr. a lad clothed in «.. puer- 
 ulus coccinaius, Suet. \>»m. 4: the ». 
 oak, ilex aquifolia, Plin. 16, 8, 11 ('quer- 
 cus coccilera. Linn.) : tlie .'. fever, * febria 
 purpurea, scarlatina (Kr.). 
 
 scarred (.part, and o<y.'> • clcilri- 
 cosus: a s.face, c facies, yuint. 4. 1. 61. 
 
 scarp : *declivitas valli interior 
 (U. and A V 
 
 scatheless: lnc6lumis: v.safk(IL). 
 scatter: A. Praus. |. n» 
 
 throw about : 1. spargo, si, sum, j (to 
 streir) • tos. nwneii amongst thepoptdace, 
 s. numos populo, Cic. PhlL ?, f>, 16 : to t. 
 roses, s rosas, Hor Od. {, 19, 22. .loin: 
 s. el dissemlnare, Cic. .\rch. 12. ?o : v. TO 
 SPRINKLK. 2. dissi|H), I (to disperse) 
 she s.'d the hnibt of her brother about, 
 disslpavit fratris sui membrK, Cic. Man. 
 
 9, 22 ; to s. tJie enemy, hostes d.. id. Fam. 
 2. 10, 2. Fig.: to s. cares, d. runs. 
 Hor. Od. 2, II, 17. 3. disjpergo, si. 
 sum, i(\\HhptTj'.porl. in reflect sense) ; 
 a multitude s.'d in fivTy direciitm, dis- 
 persa in omnes jiiirtes multitudo. Caes. 
 B. G. 6, J4. .Join: d. ft dissipati. Id. 
 B. G. 5, 28 . fusi ac d., Cic. Sest, 42, 91. 
 Fig.: to s. false reports, d. fulsos ni- 
 mores, Tac H. 2, 96. 4. disjldo, 
 jOcl, Jectum. 1 (freq. milit. term) . to s. 
 a column of svUliert, d. phalaneero, 
 C^ies. B. G. I, 2? the souih-u^nd s.s the 
 v.vels, ausfc'r dislicit naves, Tac A. 1, 
 25: to s. their corpses orer the deep. d. 
 corpora ponto, Virg. Aen. 1 , 70. Fig.; 
 topics unarranged and t.'d promitcur 
 
 711
 
 SCATTERING 
 
 SCEPTICISM 
 
 SCHOOL 
 
 otisly up and down, res sparsae et vage 
 disiectae, Auct. Hev. 4, 2, h . 5. a\a- 
 pello, puli, pulsum, i (to drive apart: 
 rare) : «.' s. the shades {0/ night), d. urn- 
 bras.Virg. Aen. 5, 8 J9 ^ ■^•''i '^«"^'^' P^^^udes 
 dispulsae, Cic. Att. 1, 7. ad Jin. b. 
 discuiio, cussi, cussuni. J : v. TO break 
 VF 7 lundo, mdi, lusum. J (to pour 
 forth, es-J. as milit. term, to rout, q. v.) : 
 they rout avd s. th-m ^t■hilst halj asleep, 
 semisoninos fugaut f.que, Sail. Jug. 21. 
 Fig • Wemishes which carelessness has 
 s 'd'Uredy) throughout, maculae quae 
 incuria fudit, Hor. A. P. in- 8. 
 differo, distuli, dllatum, j (to bear aivay 
 in different directions: rare): to s. 
 embet-s, d. favillam, Lucr. 2, 676: Hor 
 q dissSro, sero. ! ^ v. to spread 
 ABROAD. Phr.: Jiight ''.f «■<* '"i/ 
 friends, fuga amicos disuaxit. Cic. tarn. 
 4 U 2- the breezes s. everything, anrae 
 omnia discerpunt, Virg. Aen. 9, JU. to 
 s armies, agmina diruere, Hor ua. 4. 
 14 jo: tos.«ftflmtt()?<)ati, agerediversob, 
 Vi'rg. Aen. i, 70: to s. ashes over the 
 fields, cinerem jactare per agios id. (j. 
 I 81 ■ «fte boaies </ the slain lay s. d 
 oibout all over llu field, corpora caesa 
 toto campo ac piostrata diverse jacebant 
 Auct. B. Afr. 40. ad fin. ||. i" 
 disperse ; esp. in hostile sense : B. 
 In trans.: 1. expr. by preced^ 
 
 verbs with prmi. reflect, or in pass. : to 
 s in flight in ecery direction, se in 
 fugam passim spargere Liv }}, J5. " * 
 /in.: J7, 20. of. SI./)'-- (I. 2). 2. di- 
 labor, psus, J (e«p. of armies, </md»a y 
 diminishing and mdlmg oway) : ^M. 
 Jug. 18 (exeicitus araisso duce brevi 
 dilaijitui) : Liv. 
 
 2ens error ac d. clvium, Cic. Rep. 2. 6. 
 2 spaisio- a s. of rich Resents 
 (amm:</ tlie people), s. dives, btat. Sih . 
 I 6 66 3 disiectus, us: Luci. i, 
 926.' But oftener expr. by verb-, v. to 
 
 ^"sclttered ((«'•<■ "''j) • ,1- "^^I"* 
 , fur apart) :Jimito.i and widely s.dis- 
 t^^Moci r. ac angust,, Cic. Rep. 6, 19. 
 9 extir. by passim (in all dittc- 
 ti^nf): cf.Virg^ Aen. 4, 162. See also 
 
 "^^ravenger : 1. c^oacarius (of late 
 auS'y'^^lmt- perh. the best word) : 
 Edict. Diocletian (Fore). 2. perh- 
 scoparius (sweeper): cf. Ulp. D g- !J- 
 Ti 3 expr. by purgator viarum, 
 
 plat'earum : the phr. p. cloacarum occurs 
 i^n Firm. Math. 8, 20. Phr.: to do the 
 ■work of a s., curam viis verrendis ad 
 hibere, Suet. Vesp. 5- . ^ 
 
 scazon : sca^"- ""^' '"- ^ ^" 
 
 «ro«^d o? a tfteatre : scena (usu. the 
 
 fnthestige): the front of the scene 
 
 f ons Bcenae. Vitr. 5. 7. i = «''« ~™^ 
 
 .pf«do«r 0/ the s., scenae spmes c wa 
 
 variaque, Lucr. 4. V- ^augWible situu- 
 
 turns fit for the scene aud the stage, 
 
 Sri scina et pulp'to digna Phn. tp^ 
 
 4. 2? ad fin. : to be bejore the s.s {.on 
 
 tie stage), in scena esse, Cic. Brut. 84. 
 
 200 V STAGE. Phr.: th^s.rssh.fted 
 
 IVmachimry, machinae >"vita"'|P«^^™^ 
 
 oruationis, Vitr. 5, 6. 8._ W.J} « t o n _ 
 
 a vart of a play : scena: (Ui.). Ml. 
 
 A ^sight spectacle : 1 ^P«='^;"1"'V 
 a dreadful «•• atrox s., Tac. Agr. n • v 
 si-ECTACLE 2, espr. by other words . 
 O^pUndid s.lO praeclarum prospec- 
 [^m*! Sc. Acad 2, 2, 80 arnou^nfid, 
 s lugubiis p., lac. H. i, 84. it pie 
 !enl"f a iJike s horribilem spec^em 
 praebebat, Caes. B. G. ^ 36 . th^ next 
 S^j, disclosed the s. of victory r»^f^y- 
 proximus dies faciem vi^^^f ,f '"=' 
 aperuit, Tac. Agr. j8: Curt. 8, U. 10 
 ^ 3 sometimes expr. by neat. adj. 
 all those S.S rose before his mind e^ 
 universa .Kcurrebant ammo. Liv 25 24 
 
 among tlie other sad s.s of that yecir 
 inter cetera trislia ejus anni, lU. 1, 25. 
 IV The place in vhieh an event 
 happens : expr. by phr. ; the s. of the 
 events lam narrating, iibi ea quae dioo 
 
 'JI2 
 
 gesta esse memorantur, Cic Verr. 4. 48. 
 107 Italu, the s. of the civil oar, Italia, 
 arena civilis belli, Flor. 4, 2. 18- \- 
 
 THEATKli. , . ,. • 7 „ * arv 
 
 scenery I. Artificial s.: *ap- 
 parltTl^enae; or .imply scena: v 
 preced. art. ||. Natural s. : no esact 
 equiv.: the nearest words are (locorum. 
 regionis) forma, species, tacies: we .. 
 round about is most lovely, reP"'"* 
 forma pulcherrima, Plin. I'.p- 5. «■ T- 
 you will think you behold some land- 
 scape picture of lU most charming s 
 formam aliquam ad eximiam pulchri- 
 tudinem pictam videberis ?«"f^.^' J' 
 & ir the s. on either side is dij)eient, 
 varia hinc et inde facies, id. 2, H. 5 ■ 
 such diversified s., tot facies locorum, 
 ib 6 21- the ewlle!:s diversity of tlie s., 
 
 nnumerae species c>"t«^q;i^. J^;"/"^' 
 
 Stat. Silv. 2,2, 91 : ""^ ''f't^liiZ etc 
 amoeniiatcs orarum et littorum Cic. 
 N D 2,39,100: id. y. H-. J, i.i.i cl. 
 
 "scenrt^""-): I. ^'- -'- r 
 
 siuell 1 6doratus, us : v. sME.-L 
 
 2' siigacitas (keenness of s. ; applied 
 to dogs) : the keen s. ofd^gs in pursuing 
 the game, canum ad investigandum s. 
 narium, Cic. N. U. 2. 62, 1 58. I • /'«; 
 araiw:/- odor (any smell; hence re- 
 q uh-mg some adjunct to denote a pV^a- 
 
 jucut,dus. Cic. Verr. ?■ 9. ^! = '"/f""!,' 
 is around, spargere o^o.es, Hor. Od. 2 
 ic t: to inhale a s. greedily, 0. ayide 
 tmhere naribus, Phaedr. J, i. J : thejia- 
 grance of the s.s which are ^xh^^'^by 
 flowers, suavitas odorum qui afflantur 
 •k floribus, Cic. Sen. n, 59^ thes-^{ 
 gain is pleasant, lucri bonus o., Ju^. 14 
 ?04 Cic. : V. PERFUME. Fig.: there IS 
 some s. of a dictatcrrship est o dicta- 
 
 turae. Cic. Att. 4. •<>• ^'^^^vJ.e PI 
 a keen s., sagacem nasuni habere, fl. 
 Curc I 2 18: dolpldns have a very 
 fe.en's.,'delphini sagacissime olfaciunt 
 
 P'iu II JT, 50: a P'^''^ "-f '"'""* ^ 
 keen s., odora canum vis, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 
 I!2 (V KEEN-SCEKTKU): to gets, of the 
 
 mimey, numum ollacere. Cic. Agr. i, 4. 
 Ti she 1,0, got s. of your purse, oho\ua 
 marsupium huic, i"!- Men. 2 3,33 08 , 
 has my father got s.qf '«? n»">1"^ 
 subolel patri? Ter. Ph. J, i, 10 ttie 
 sw«« s.of ointment, spiritus unguent, 
 frvls. Jcr. 3. 223 .. the "'-^ -»'"\f 
 ss oninis copia nanura, Hor. 0<l. 2, 15. 
 t gardens lUn with the s. of flmvers, 
 halaniesfloriljus lioiti. Virg. U- 4,'°9- 
 
 sppnt (r.): I. ^« pe,-ce,ve by the 
 smM:Movor.i-- hounds s. everything, 
 canes venatici omnia odoraniur, uc. 
 Verr 4 i;, 21 : to s. anybody out by his 
 footsteps, vestigiis o. ingressus aUcujus 
 id Pisf 54, 85 v. SMELL. II. fomake 
 fragrant: odoro, i : it (the plant) coUnirs 
 ■and S.S the honey, n.ella coloral odorat- 
 que,Col.9,4:tos. (/,ea,r,oaeia,Ov 
 M I? T34: V. PERFUME. (Oi by cir- 
 cuml odoribus perfundere. imbuere: 
 cf.Hor.Od. 5,^) ^ „,f,,t5,i5Kim: 
 Isid. Oilg 19. 5>. «^«'-- (olfactorium in 
 Plin. 30, II. 2()-=nosega!i). ,i. ar- 
 cula (prop, a UMe box J or scents, etc.): 
 
 ^'sceSted '(*«'•«• and «4) •■ Sdoratus : 
 , tocta o capiUi, Hor. Od. 3, 20, 14; 
 6v re.-y 3, J«-s.>o.om. odoratissnn. 
 
 flores, Plin. 28, 8,28: V.FR..GRANT. 
 
 «r>Pt)tic' *scepticus: aKCVTiicos oc- 
 curs i^Gell. „, 5. 1. ^^h^'T >V« ^^J: 
 Plained bv quaesitor et considerator. It 
 Wy sometimes be expr. by unus e 
 PyrAoneis (the followers of Fyrrho) 
 Cic de Or 3, 16. 62 ; Sen. : Gell. . or 
 by Phv.: qui negat omninose habere 
 quod liqueat de aliqua re, Uc. N. U. i. 
 
 "speDtical-l'to be s., in considerando 
 
 et'quSdo esse, Gell n, 5, < • a rebus 
 
 incertis assensionem ^obibere C.c N ). 
 
 I, I, i: cf. Acad, i, 12 : or simply, du- 
 
 h'ita're Sen. Brev. Vit. 14, 2. 
 
 scepticism.: P-b. omnium assei. 
 
 sionum reientio. Cic. Acad. 2, 24, 7o 
 (aTsensio = a be.lief in the reality of 
 
 phenomena) : duWtatAo de otnnibus re- 
 bus ib I, 4, IT : cf- Mm. rel. 13, mea^., 
 hoc' f, lite defluxit Academicorum de 
 summis quaestionibus dubitatio* omnia 
 m dubium incerlumquerevocandi libido 
 
 '■'^sceptre: 1. sceptrum: the roya. 
 s ,'s^ regale, Ov. M. 5. 422 ^ to receive th^ 
 s s accipere, Virg. Aen. 7, 115. Fig., 
 (in this sense mostly pi.) ■• '-«*';* 
 L sceptra tenens, ib. i, 51 ■■ v. ?o"'^'°^: 
 I- -IK 2 scipio, onis, m. (a stajf ) . 
 an ivory s ,"ebiirneus s., Val. Max. 4, 4- 
 = liv 3 \&cn\um (rare): a silver 
 s ' argenteum b., Flor. 3, 19. lo- ot "-S 
 used m the stage. Suet Ner 24. 
 
 . .'bearer : sceptuchus (^an iost- 
 
 ern dignity). Tac. A. 6, 3 3 : Liv- 
 
 sceptred-. 1- Tf 480 2 
 
 hand. s. manus, Ov F. 6, 480. 4. 
 scentriger suit. Th. II, 630. 
 • schedule : perh. ascriptio (an addi- 
 ti^'talaw): Cic. Caecin. 53,95: v. 
 aTpend.x, Lisi. Or perh. scheda: v. 
 
 *"^oheme (subs.) consilium : v. plan. 
 
 _S): molior, 4: s.ing to usurp 
 the throne, moliens de usurpando regno. 
 Cic ReD 2. 35 : also reguum m.. biv. i, 
 i aaT^it.; cf. ib.pauto i"/r. siTai.a- 
 quil . . . tantum moliri potuisset antn : 
 Xo in animo m.. Veil. 2, 46- See also 
 
 TO CONTRIVE, PLAN. „,Ki.mn 
 
 •srMsin- in eccl. writers schisma. 
 
 atis "7: V.DIVISION. DISSENSION. 
 
 schismatic; schismaticus, Aug. 
 
 Sat: i.^^---/-SS 
 
 /. disclpiila : V. PUPIL. ||_. Aleai nea 
 
 man ■ vir (homo) doctus, eiuditus: a 
 
 s and Uarned in the Greek language, 
 
 doctus vir et Graecis litteris erudi U8. 
 
 Cc Br 50 114: w, less accomplished as 
 
 „ cVeefc tli^n ds a Latin s., (hau,!) minus 
 
 Graece quam Latine doctus, Suet.Gi T . 
 
 I have always taken pleasure mleain- 
 
 iilg and s.s, semper mihi et doctrina et 
 
 eruditi homines Placuerunt, C.c. Rep i 
 
 I -7 fin.: V. LEARNED. (N.B.— Foi the 
 
 precise sense of litterator. v. LrrERAR^.) 
 
 III. At a colUge or university: 
 
 '"tctS^ly: V^.r.:ave,-ys.^m^n. 
 vi? penmir doctrina (litteris Graecis 
 Latinisque) imbulus, cf. Cic. de Or 2, 
 jq 162 : one who has only a hltU of a s. 
 
 education (vir) Utteris leviler imbutus, 
 uuint I. 2, 16 ■ a most s. production, 
 * liber germanissimo litterarum sapore 
 refertus^imbutus;omnidncliinarefeitus. 
 
 t JfM^c^S "litt^rae. erudltio etc. : 
 V LEARNING (11.). II. AJoundoMon 
 for a scholar at college or unu'e>sity. 
 * pecuniae quae scholan alendo exhi- 
 
 I ''"Xlaslic" " T. scholasticus(;,a«m^ 
 to^a^wUhmphiiosophical ..chools) :s 
 controversies, s. coutrover.iae, lac. Or. 
 ?4 /;« : cf. Quint. 4. 2. 9^ (^^bere the 
 phr". recurs and is explained). 2. expr. 
 ^ sch61a : s. expressimis. verba e philo- 
 sophorum scholis petita, ct. C e- Or 2-,, 
 OS : there is something s. about the styU, 
 * genus scribendi scbolam [niagis quain 
 vftam] sapere videtur. 3, "'"bratil s 
 ^(esp^ 01 language proper Jor the study > 
 lot favouring of the actual conflict of 
 e 'Pmandieal life): the language 
 %' philosophers is quiet '^"^^'^-^^ 
 ■ est oralio philosophorum et u.. Cic. Or. 
 
 ^"^'spVinliast • schBliastes. ae (Gr. <txo- 
 Acaft) Or use, *(vetus) interpres, 
 exnliaUor : v. intekpketek. 
 school isubs.) : I. A place of xn- 
 
 struiltt l-'*\^'."^='^"fXS^ 
 ludus literarum, Liv. 3. 44 ^J^"'";^'^ 
 is said to have opened a s. at Cormw. 
 DionysiusCorinthi dicitur bidum aper- 
 uisse. Cic. Fam. 9. 18. r«;«. frequently 
 used of a school of gladiators : Caes. B.C. 
 " i4(gladiatores quos ibi Caesar in ludo 
 abtbSt). 2. schola (USU an advan^ 
 school for ai.iuUs) : out of the s.s of the 
 liZsiihers. e scholis philosophorum^ 
 Cic Or 2T 95 : to shut up s., scliolam 
 |SmiUere?Svl't.Gr.6. H. Me ton.:
 
 SCHOOL, 
 
 S ( O L U 1 .\ G 
 
 SCO R N ER 
 
 the followers of a certain teacher : 1. 
 icbola: all lUe s.s oj the philosopheis, 
 otunes philosuphoruiii s., Cic. de Or. i, 
 J J, 56 Ihr, s. (of Isocrates) produced 
 tlie most distiiiguUhed orators, (Isucralis) 
 s. piiiicipes oratuium dedit, Quint. 12. 
 JO, 21. 2. sccia (used in speaking of 
 the tenets of one school in contradistinc- 
 tion to those of other schools) : tofoUmv 
 the s. of those pkilosophcrs, eorum pliilo- 
 sopboruui s. sequi, Uic. Brut. 31, 120 • 
 between the Stoics and thefollowers ofthr 
 s.of£pii;urus there is a continual coultst, 
 inter Stoicos et Epicuri sectani secutos 
 pugnaperpetuaest, (juint. 5, 7, J5- 3. 
 Melon., disciplina (</ie total teachimj 
 and theorii of an i/ philosopher or school) : 
 almost all philosophers of all s.s, omnes 
 lere pbilosopbi umiiium d., Cic. Tiisc. 5, 
 ^2,90. In like maimer, ratio, v.tiikokv. 
 4. fruiillia (rare in tbis sense, and 
 used in a lig. manner) : the vhole s. of 
 the I'eripatetics, f. tola Peripateticorum, 
 Cic. Div. 2, I, }. I'hr. • Ihe s. of I'lato, 
 Aristotle, etc., illi a Platone, Aristotele, 
 etc.: Cic. Mur. jo, 6j also jiarticalar 
 schools may be denoted by an adj. : e. g. 
 thes. ofEjiicurus, Kpicurci ; of Ai islolk, 
 *.\rislolelii (-ei) ; etc. |||. Aplwxto 
 acquire or exercise anythimj : 1, 
 
 oflficina (lit., a place xcliere anythiny is 
 made, a icoricsliop) : a s. of iciclcedness, 
 iieqnitiae o., Cic. H. Am. 46, l^: as. 
 of wisdom, sapientiae o., Cic. Leg. i, i j, 
 J6: cf. \Av. jg, 8, cut fin. 2. Indus: 
 a s. and workshop of oratory, 1. atque 
 offiuna dicendi, Cic. Brut. 8, }2 : o s. of 
 impudence, 1. inipudentiae, Cic. de Or. 
 ;, 24, 94. P b r. : in the schoul of wis- 
 (fojrt, sapientia praeceptrice, Cic. Fin. i, 
 
 H, 4J- 
 
 school (.»■) ■■ ^- TO TEACH. I' h r. : 
 schooled in any art, gnarus arlis {ali- 
 cujus). Just. II, ■;, med. : schouled in the 
 (riianners of) the times, caliidus it-m- 
 porum, Tac. A. 4, }}: v. skilled in, 
 
 ACQDAINTKD WITH. 
 
 fellow ' condisciptilus, i, w. ; 
 
 a conte.iiipiiiary and s., aequalis et c, 
 Cic. Tiisc. I, 18, 41 • amongst s.s., inter 
 coiidiscipulcs, Suet. Ner. 22 ; a female s., 
 condiscipula, .Mart. 10, j;. 
 
 fellowship : condisoipuiatus, 
 
 us (very rare) ; Ncp. Att. 54 (cum quo 
 a condiscipulatu viveliat). 
 
 master : 1. lidi-magister : 
 
 Cic. N. D. I, 26, 72. Also simply, ma- 
 gister (puerorum), Liv. 5, 27, init. 2, 
 doctor . V. TEACHER. P h r. : to start as 
 s., bidum (lilterarum) aperire, Cic. Fam. 
 9, 18, init. : to leave off being a s., scbolam 
 dimittere. Suet. Gi-. 6 : to lie a s., pueros 
 doceie, Cic. 'I'usc. j, 12, 27. 
 
 inistress : / magistra ; prae- 
 
 ceptrix. 
 
 -room ; no exact equiv. : perh. 
 
 scbCla: cf. Plin. 26, 2. 
 
 schooner : perb. actuarium navl- 
 gium : Cars. B. C. I, 27. 
 
 sciatic (adj.) : 1. ischiadicns : 
 
 esp. as subs, denoting 07ie suffering from 
 s. disease: Plin. 2;, ij, 106. 2. ischiacus 
 (suffering from sciatica) : Cato, U. R. 1 2 j 
 (vinuni ad ischiacos sic facito). 
 
 sciatica : isibias, adis, /. : Plin. 27, 
 5, 16 ^ct. preced. art.). 
 
 science : I. J"J/ knowledge : sci- 
 entia : v. knohi.kdge. ||. ^1 definite 
 branch of knowledge : 1. scientia (a 
 less technical e.\pr. than Eng.) : no art 
 witkout s. (or knowledge), artem sine s. 
 esse non posse, Cic. Acad. 2, 47, 246 : 
 prudence is the s. of things to he sought 
 or shunned, prudintia est rcrum e.\pf- 
 tendanim fugiendarunique s., id. Off. 1,45, 
 1 5 J : the s. of the architect, f.. arcbitccti, 
 Vitr. I, irrt't. 2. disciplina (A-)ioiW<'(i(?e 
 and training systematized') : political s., 
 <l. reipublicae, Cic. de Or. i, J4, 159: th; 
 «. c/ica»', d.militiae, id. M;m. 10.28: thes. 
 of agriculture, d. ruris, Col. i, pref. /in. ; 
 (M the principle^: of the s. Inarch it^xture), 
 omnes disciplinae rationes, V^itr. pref. 
 extr. 3. ars (strictly, (/itprai'tica/.'Ju^ 
 1;/' scieni e : sirill, art : but alsn capable 
 of including theory) • cf. Cic. de Or. i, 42, 
 187. 4, doctrina (strictly, correlative 
 to disciplina; that whu^ w taught, as 
 
 opp. to that which is learned : but prac- 
 tically the two are about equivalent) : 
 {Athens), inrentre.ss ot every s., omnium 
 d. inventrices, Ci'j. de Or. i, 4, i}: aC' 
 quainted with (JreeJc s., (iraecis d. era- 
 ditus, id. Br. 67, 2{6. 5. ritxo (.theory, 
 principles) : the s. and practice of war, 
 r. atque usus l>elli, Caes. B. G. 4, i : 
 ignorant of natural s., pbysicae r. ig- 
 narus, Cic.N. I). 2,21, 54: v. theobv. 
 6. e.\pr. by neut. pi. : cf. adjj. like 
 pbysicus, inusicus, granimaticus, etc. . to 
 be totally ignorant of tin: s. of music. *in 
 musicis oiiinino rudeni esse : cf. mitsic 
 ('•)• III. I'ri7iciple,ratianak: ratio 
 V. siipr. 
 
 scientific: expr. by ratio, scientia. 
 (li>cipiiiia, ilidtrina, etc. : thoroughly icdl 
 iicriuuii.trd iiith s. sulijats, [iliysicae ra- 
 tioiiis peritissimus, cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 
 54 : to engage in s. research, de natura 
 [rerunij qiiaerere, Cic. (Quich.) : s. \n- 
 quiries, Quuestiones Naturales, Sen. (title 
 (if work) : to treat a suliject in a s. 
 manner, ex disciplinae rationltjs (prae- 
 ctptis) de aliqua re disserere, cf. Vitr. 
 pref. extr. (Georges gives, quod in 
 artibus versatur; but the expr. is ex- 
 tremely viigiie and scarcely applicable.) 
 
 scientifically : *ex disciplinae prae- 
 cepti? [lulioiiibusque] : v. preced. art. 
 
 Scimetar: 1. perh. aclnaci-s, is, 
 TO. {I'ersiau sword or sabre: rare): 
 Hor. Od. I. !i, 5 (Mfdus a.). 2. more 
 exactly, fakruus ensis (sickle- sliaped 
 sword): Ov. Alet. I, 717. 
 
 scintillate : scintiiio, 1 : v. to 
 
 SrAKELK. 
 
 scintillation: scintilla, scintilluia: 
 v. srAitK. (.Sciiiiillatio in Plin. 20,9, JJ, 
 is a disease of the eyes, when sparks 
 appear to issue from them.) 
 
 sciolist : * sclolns. quem appellant, 
 cf. Arn. 2, p. 86 (reading doubllul). 
 Pbr. : to be a mere s., nonnisi prlmis 
 (primoribus) labris doctrinas gustavisse, 
 attigisse, cf. Cic. N. I), i, 8, 20 ; ali- 
 cujus rei nonnisi imperfeclam cogni- 
 lioiiem habere: nihil ornnino satis cog- 
 nitum perspectiimque habere. 
 
 scion : I. -'' young shoot .- surciilus 
 (voung shoot or slip): v. shoot. ||. 
 Fig.: o descendant: 1. expr. by 
 ediius, satus, ortus, elc. (with abl.) : 
 s. of ancestral kings, regibus atavis e , 
 Hor. Od. I, I, I. 2. progenies : 
 
 cf. Hor. Od. i, 29. I : V. OFFSI'BING, 
 
 descendant. 
 
 scirocco; ^■- sii:occo. 
 
 scissors : 1. forflces, um, /. (the 
 pi. denoting the tuocutling blades) : such 
 a heard as the barber cuts (mows) with 
 the s., qualera barbam forticibus met it 
 tonsor. Mart. 7, 94, 12. Dimin., forfi- 
 culae, arum : Plin. " z;. 5, 2J. 2. 
 
 axicia (a word best avoided) : PI. Cure. 
 4. 4. "• 
 
 scoff («•)•■ irridfo. derideo; cavillor 
 (jestingly) : v. to mock, dekide, ki- 
 
 DICULE. 
 
 scoff, subs. \ irrisio, irrisus, _de- 
 
 SCOffing. subs. 5 risus ; cavillatio 
 
 (of a jesting, bantering kiiut) : v. 
 
 MOCKERY, RlllICULF., DEKISIOS. 
 
 scoffer: irri.sor. deiisor: v. mocker. 
 (Or expr. by imperf. part, of irrldeo, 
 etc. ; V. TO MOCK.) 
 
 scold («.) ■• 1. objurgo, I : he s.'d 
 M. Coelius as no fattier eier s.'d a soti, 
 objurgavit M. Cotlium sicut neminein 
 uiiquam parens, Cic. Coel. 11, 25: to s. 
 ge.iilty, nuiUi brachio obj., id. Att. 2, i, 
 6. 2. incrfpo, ui, itum, i (also reg. ; 
 to exclaim loudly against: with ace): 
 ri. Most. J, 2, 65: strenglhene*! by ad- 
 dition of maledictis, probris (to assail 
 vHh abuses and reproaches). Sail. Cat. 
 21 : Iav. 3. s;uvio, desaevio, 4 (in- 
 trans. : to rage and stoim) : v. to race. 
 
 scold (subs.): perb. oblairrurix (very 
 rare): to let a s. into Ihe house, obi. in 
 aodes intromiilore, I'l. Mil j, i, 86. (Or 
 expr. by circuml., mnlier clamosa, cf. 
 Jnv. 14. 191: *muller iaiportuna atque 
 objurcatrix, etc.) 
 
 scolding (subs.) : objurgatu. v. ke- 
 i>Rin)K. REitiKK. More freq. expr. by 
 objurg.ire, increpare ; Jurgio (jurgils. 
 
 probrLs), corripere, lacessere : all = (• 
 administer a scolding : v. TO SCOLO, re- 
 
 BLKE, HH'BOACII. 
 
 scolding (adj.) : 1, oyurgatvriua 
 (of tilings, not persons) : a t. Utter, 
 epistola o., Cic. All. i}, 6, }. 2. ot>- 
 jurgiilor,/. trix (oi persons): v. s<x(Lu 
 (subs.). 3. clamOsUb (^uen to baul- 
 iiig). .iuv 14, 191. 
 
 scollop ; V. .-<;aluj1'. 
 
 scolopendrai I. .^n insect: sco- 
 lopi-ndra: Pliii. 8, 29, 4? (•Scolopendr* 
 morsiians, Linn.). ||. A ylaut: stolo- 
 pendriun, ii, «.: ApuL Herb. 
 
 scoop (subs.) : possibly, Ugala or 
 
 trulla : V. LADLE. 
 
 scoop (''-) : i' e. to hollow out : c&vo, 
 I : to s. ti ougtts out of the trunks of 
 trees, linircs arbore c, Virg. G. i. 262 : 
 Liv. Ojmp. excavii (to sciipout): tot. 
 out a hollow for itself vith its beak, 
 cavernam sibi rostro excavare, Plin. 9, 
 27, 4} . to £. out a person's eye, oculum 
 alicui eruere: v. to i;ouge. 
 
 scope : |. ^-nd in riew, aim ; 
 
 1, finis, is, m. : all the aitt have 
 some fixed s., omnes art's babent fmem 
 aliquem proivjsiium, (julnt. 2, 17, 22: 
 V. END. 2. pioposltuni (what is de- 
 finitely set before a writer or sprjiker as 
 object) : M:i'cr. S. S. I, 4, init. (nunc 
 ipsam ejusdem somnii menti ni, ipsum- 
 que propositum, quem Graeci okohov 
 vorant, tenlemiis aperire,— which pan- 
 sage proves that Scopus, freely used as 
 it has been by I.atinists, was in the 4lh 
 century unknown) : v. OBji <.T. ||, 
 Room, space, field for any thing ; cam- 
 pus, area, etc!: v. field (111.). 
 
 scorbutic (adj.) .- • scorbullcus t. 
 scroffilOsus : v. scBOFUi-ous. 
 
 scorch (»■■) ■■ 1. aduro, ssl. stum, j 
 (to bum on the surface) : plaC' s s.'d by 
 the sun, Inca sole adiista, I'lin. 19, i, 4: 
 s.'d ("burnt") bread, panis adustus, 
 Hor. S. 2, 8, 68. 2. anibiiro, ssi, stum, 
 } (to bum or singe all routul) : Verres 
 s.'d by the fire which coii.-iiwK'J Ai'i 00m- 
 ^u?iii/HS (tig.), Verres sociorum ambusius 
 I incendio, Cic. Verr. 2, i, 27, 70. 3. 
 torreo, ul, tustum, 2 (to roast ; dry up 
 ten-ihly): they icere s.'d by thejlame on 
 eiery side, undlfjue flamma lorrebafttur. 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 4}. Freq. of tlie action of 
 the sun, etc.: Hor. OvI. j, 1, ji (torrentia 
 agros sidera) ; and fig. of love, id. 
 
 scorched (part, and adj.) .- torrldns 
 (quite burnt up n ith the heat of the 
 sun) : plains s. by drought, campi tor- 
 ridi slccitite, Liv. 22, 4?, -xti . : Lncr. 
 
 scorching (^"hs)-' exuslio: thes. of 
 the sun. e. solif, Plin. 17, 24, } 22 i. 
 
 scorching (adj.) .- torrldus : s. sum- 
 mer, t. aestas, Virg. E. 7, 48. 
 
 score (^"''S-) •• I. -t/ur/.-o/ a n HBi- 
 ber; nota: V. MAKE. ||, Total number 
 made up : siinima : v. sim. |||. 
 
 Beckoning, bill : riitio • to cast up a s. 
 on one's fingers, digitis r. computare, 
 PI. Mil. 2. 2, 51 : Cic. : V. ACtvrxT (L). 
 P h r. : to run up a heavy s. at a tareni, 
 •apud Gtuponem satis magno aere se 
 illlgare; "satis muiia delxre (to ha't 
 run up a s.). | V. ' "■-' of "" enter- 
 tainment paid by contribution : 1. 
 synilH)lu, usu.i''. ; 'Per. Eun. i. 4. 2 (de 
 6ymlx)lis edere): PL 2. ^umplus 
 
 V. EXIENSE. OUTLAY. V. ^*^ «um'«- 
 
 twenti/ : viginli, viceni : v. Twii^rr. 
 
 A s. of limei (tig.), centie*, Iterum aiqne 
 
 iterum, saepenumeru. v. otTKUs. VI. 
 
 i Musical arrangement : •cunctanini m>- 
 
 cum (s. partium) d''>criptio. 
 1 score ('■•) ■' I. 'I'omark: n6t", de- 
 ' n5to. I (fo note doan) ; nOtis dcscribo, } : 
 v. TO MARK, NOTE. ||. To draw a line 
 across or under: perb. tninsverso ca- 
 lanio notare (drawing the pen across) : 
 cL Hiir. A. P 447 ; " linea subtus ducla 
 n la'i- '.Irawing a line lieneath, under- 
 srorimi I. 
 
 scoria (s""') • 1- scOria Plin. J}. 
 4, 21. 2. sjiMium, Plin. 14. H.il.sq. 
 scorn : conlemno, tomno, spemo. 
 asp<r!!ur. etc. . v. to desimse. 
 
 scomer : 1. conl.mptor ; /., 
 
 -trIx I'l. icblefly poet., not in Cic): 
 Me:rntius s. of the gods, c. divum Me- 
 Vi
 
 SCORNFUL. 
 
 g^om rites, nlig.onum c Suet Ner 50. 
 
 suretcr (poet, and rare) : a s.oj 
 
 tftefocfcTadeorVOv.M. 8,6x3: V. 
 
 "'sSult fastldiSsus: s. of Latin 
 Zi<!mt«re f. literarum Latinarum. Cic. 
 Brut To lil^ V. coNTENi-mous. ws. 
 DMNFUL (Also contemptor, .pretor. 
 may T used: s. temper c.nlevapt^r 
 Sus [et superbia].Sall.Jug.64: cf. 
 
 "^•st^r^uUy. 1. .contemptitn 
 
 SCRAP 
 
 SCR EW 
 
 S of Ih^ R"^^^' P^'V^''' magnifi'^'^ de »e 
 et.c.de Romanis loquentes. LiJ^9.4'- 
 Tar fNot in Cic.) -4. lasuaiosB 
 
 on « f . Bpeclare, Cic. de Or. i. bi, 258. 
 
 <i naSte (turning up the nose at 
 
 anvthinq) : vo'i. ^"ho s. puH to pieces my 
 
 ::^S. tu%ui n. scripta destr,ng.s 
 
 *TSo.5nis.»».:alsoBcorp"s, 
 i m : a s.'s tail, scoipionis cauda, Plin. 
 I. n 62: o s. i«» come out, sco^plu^ 
 exibitOv M.15, ,^,. 2. ngpa.ae/. 
 rcoUat forTn,nepas: an African word): 
 '^yTsees.s v'se tUeir stings,u.v^^ acule.s 
 
 uti videas, Cic. Fin. 5. I5. 4}- , ll. •"' 
 ZZ^my,oneoftkesignsoftkezodu.c: 
 
 1 Scorpio or scorpius : Petr. 39 
 
 (Scorpio). Hot. Od. ^. 7; '^ ^^/H^' 
 
 ,09 (poet. . Ill A sea fsh: scoip.o, 
 
 Plin n 11,5? (*cottus scorpio, Linn.). 
 
 IV A military engine for thrcrrng 
 
 ^„-.i\ <:'tm,f% etc : scorpio: Callus being 
 
 of ballista or cross-bow) : Uv. 
 
 grass or wort : scorpio • I Wn 
 
 21 n 54 (Spwtium scorpius, Linn.) 
 
 llL'tail- ^corpiurus: Apul. Herb. 
 
 scot" ""'^^ obsessed Jor taxes: tri- 
 buta vecligalia: v. tax. Phr.: to get 
 o}Vfree.*immnuem abire, evadere, 
 
 %nl;h("v"p"r^.TtLe,-,e«* u 
 .•rnoHfled, *collisus Quidem, ut 
 aiunt! serpens; non autem extinctus 
 
 ^'"*"''tcottish:*scoticu8: Claud. 
 Scotchman : Scotus (usu. pi): 
 
 Claud. . , . , 
 
 Slrnrland : Scotia: Isid. 
 fcoundrei-- "6bulo, furcifer, vetg- 
 
 -'-^"^ JT'^ t ''to d^« -;. rub. 
 bi^°'lIrgeos.tergo,tersi,2andj:Je« 
 So^rihe silver, the other s. the em- 
 Zsed vessels, hie lavet argentuni. v.^a 
 aspera tergcat alter, Juv. 14.. 62. some 
 TThHr smooth shields. Pars cUpeos leves 
 tereent, Virg. Aen. •], 626. ||. {o 
 SS sikftly^ver: 1. P^--^^^; 
 curri, or curri, ;: to s. the Ficenmn 
 territory, agrum Picenum p , Caes. B. o. 
 
 (poet): the' chariots s:d the plain, cx^m- 
 num currus corripunre, Virg. G. 3, 104. 
 ^ 3 verro, j: v. To sweep. 4. 
 vagor.pervagor, l {to roam over): ct. 
 Cic Verr 5, 37. /«•- hie praedonum 
 naviculae p;rvagatae sunt {piratical 
 cruisers s.'d the seai). 
 
 scourge (««''«•) •■ I. Lit.: l.iia- 
 ai\^mUhe\everest instrument qt the 
 lind: cf. Hor. S. i, ?, 119. «h^« '* !"« 
 the epithet horribile, as opp. to scutica, 
 a -Amon whip) ; this merciful one 
 rsrived the use oftheshi^ 7T\T- 
 flagella retulit, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4. " • 
 tobe beaUn to death with s.s, ad moi^m 
 flagellis caedi, Hor. S. i, 2, 41- . (N-B-- 
 Strlctly dimin. ot flagnini ; xMiicli word 
 however appears to have gone partly 
 out of use. The latter occurs l^iy.- JBj 
 II. caesa flagro Vestalis est, a lestoi 
 underuvnt the punishment ot cue t. , 
 and Suet. Olh. 2.) 2. loja. orum. npl. 
 fappy. i.tentical with the flagellum ; con- 
 sisting ol leather straps) : to Jt<>9 f^' 
 (ne xoith a s., loris aliquem caedere, Cic. 
 
 114 
 
 Pbil. 8, 8, 24: Ter. 3. scutica {less ' 
 
 severe): cf.sV-l. P^^^" i ,f« <"■*;' 
 the youth to tie stripped, and the s to be 
 applied, adolescentem nudari Jubet ver- 
 b^aqueafferri.Liv. B, 28: «';« f 'f «" 
 law forbids the s. to be applied to the 
 person of a Roman citizen, Porcia le.K 
 virgas ab omnium civium Romanonim 
 coiTore amovit, Cic. Rab. perd. 4, 'Z; 
 II Fig • a dreadful vmtalion: 
 1 pestis, is,/..- that fury and s. 
 of his' country, ilU furia ac p. patriae, 
 i"';,. Spst Ti Jl 2. clades, i>. ./• 
 
 <VoeS thet 0/ i*>/a c. Libyae. Virg 
 Aen 6, 844. -^3. furia; poet, erinnys: 
 
 '■ sco'^ilrge {V.) •■ .1. ^^^T.^^^-num"/' 
 a Roman citizen, civem Konianum v., 
 Cic Rep 2, 31, fin. 2. expr. by ver- 
 bgra vi^ga; e^p. in phr. virgis caedere): 
 V TO flSo. (Vapulare is rather Jo be 
 beaten, as a lighter punisbment than to 
 hp ^rniirffed : v. TO BEAT, A. b.) 
 
 b??a Ml « P'. {lashes) : to torture with 
 ^^nTo'ndla'^ui every Und of punish- 
 Z.nt, vinculis ac verberibus atque omn^ 
 
 suDDlicio excruciare, Cic. Man. 5. " • ^ 
 aSo*a/raWo/as.. verberanonvereor 
 
 Hor. S. I, J, 121. I'lg-- *''« ■;;* "/ 
 the tongue, verbera linguae, Hor. Od. j, 
 
 '\lls:Usubsy''' 1 explorator(gen. 
 term" o^d^not'^a sp,y or a reconnoiterer: 
 whereas speculator denotes simply <m€ 
 se^t^ to ascertain the positmi of the 
 foe) ■ to ascertain anything by s.s, de 
 ilioiia re per exploratores certiorem 
 fierTcaes.B?G. i, .2: to send forward 
 Ts\ reconnoitering party), exp ora- 
 tores praemittere. Curl. 2. speculator 
 for syn. v. supr.) : the s. observes the 
 ro,ialarmy frimi a n aich-touer^s^ con- 
 templatur regium agmen e specula qua- 
 riam 1 iv 31 24, init. : Caes. o. 
 J'a cu^s.^' like\ntecursor, denoting 
 strictly a kind of mUitary pimeer: 
 nsed also tig. for a secret agent) : 
 [Join- praecursor et enussanus, Cic. 
 
 rZ'J;t^'(v)' I 1^ act as as.: 
 .pIcaSr, "^v.ToLW. II. 7-0 reject 
 Sl^^^disdain : repildio, l: v. to reject. 
 
 "^ scowl («•)■• ^^'■-- f^""'^"" '""' 
 trah°rrCic.^Clu. 26, ad fin.: v. to 
 
 F ROW N 
 
 scowl {subs.): frontis contractio: v. 
 FROwr Still more precisely, aspectus 
 terribilis, triiculentus : cf. Cic. ftexi. 0, 
 
 '^scowling (<«y.) ■• t'-'f V,h"'p!' 1^2 
 
 ^vith s. eyes, oculis t™™'^"""',^ '..f Jl,^: 
 , 21 : cf. Tac. H. 4, 22, mtd. (quo tru- 
 culentior visu foret) : a s. face and 
 ^^Zening eyes, fades trux ocu ique 
 minaces. Lucan r 291 : a « counten- 
 ance, vullus trux. Hor. Epod. 5, 4- 
 
 ^praeKy: 1. strigosus {all skm 
 0,^ bo«f) a s. dog, canis s. (opp. to 
 Xsus), Col. n. £2, 8: s. horses, equi s 
 Liv 21 47, init. : a very s. slie-goat, 
 capella corporis strigosissimi, Col. 7, 6 
 exir 2 macer, era, crum {lean): a 
 I black, s., and ci-ook-backed man. homo 
 nieer et m. et pandus, t^uint. 6, 3, 58. 
 ' 3 e.xilis: v. lean, thin. 
 
 5P?kmble {-o.) ■■ I. To attempt to 
 
 sei^h^My: diripio, ui, -ptum , : 
 
 he threw the dice into the midst wiMh 
 
 thelioys began to scramble for, talos jec t 
 
 n mldiuiS, quos pueri d. coeperant 
 
 Quint. 6, ..47: to s. Jor appUs ^id 
 
 iaeetmeats, poma et ops.. ma d., Suet. 
 
 An^oa ni^d II. To climb up any- 
 
 t^ftyZzing JSjects n^ith the hands : 
 
 scando, di, sum, 3 ; v. TO climb 
 
 scramble {^ubs.): expr. by verb: 
 
 "scraj'"rustum {anything broken 
 o^r used" of /ood): a scrap mmt ne^ds 
 fill from the mouth of a chicken ichen 
 ■Ui^ feeding, necesse. est f cadere ex 
 pulli ore quum pascitur, Cic. D.v i^ 
 H 2-. Comically :as.ofa boy. frustum 
 pueri, PI. Pers. 5. 2, 67.^ Dimxn.ix^^^^- 
 lum (rare and very late) .as. of bread, | 
 panis f., App. : v. fragment. 
 
 acrape (subs.) : perpUxity, difficulty . 
 angustiae, arum : to get into a ve,-y great 
 s m snmmas a. adduci, Cic. Quint 5. 
 19. Also expr. by haerere, in salebra 
 esse, etc. : V. TO GRAVEL. 
 
 scrape ("•)•• 1- scabo, scabi, 3. 
 V TO SCRATCH. 2. rado, rfci, rasuni. 
 1 (to polish uith a tool) : to s. the beams. 
 tigna radere, Lucr. 5. 1266. Comp. cor- 
 rado, 3 {to s. together) : he wiU s. together 
 ten minaefrom someutiere, minas decern 
 corradet alicunde, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 34 ^ ^■ 
 TO RUB, GRATE. Phr.: to bow and 
 s., *nimis humili adulatorioque corporis 
 gestu uti : v. to bow. _ . 
 
 <5PraDer • used in baths : stngil, is, 
 / for strlgilis, is./.: by the energetu: 
 use of the s., vehementi strigilis usu. 
 Suet. Aug. 80 : Cic. Fin. 4, 12. ,So (nam. 
 strigilis) : Juv. II. A scraping iron: 
 ■ 1 rallum {an instrument for scraping 
 off 'the earth from the ploughshare) : to 
 clean the ploughshare with a s., vomerem 
 rallo purgare. Plin. 18. 19. 49- f- 
 radtila {for scraping pitch off barrels. 
 etc.); ct. Col. 12, 18, 5- ^ . . 
 
 scraping: !• /^* f* "V Vftat 
 sura: Col. 4. 29, ad med. ||. That 
 vhich is taken off by s. .- 1. r&- 
 
 mentum: to preserve grapes in /r- fee 
 S.S (or saudust), uvas ramentis abieiis 
 servare, Plin. i;, 17. l8,/«. 2. strig- 
 mentum . cf Plin. 20, 5. 8, I7- 
 
 scratch i^ubs.) : a mark made by a 
 Juf^ other sharp instrument: no 
 exact equivalent; perh. ISvis cicatrix it 
 
 '1crTch(«.): I. TO rub or tear a 
 suf/afe; 1.' rado,' si. sum, 3: V. TO 
 
 STRAFE. 2. scalpo, psi, ptum, 3 . to 
 T up the earth uiti, the nails, terram 
 unguibus scalpere. Hor S. i^ 8, 20. 
 II To icound slightly: seco, cm, 
 ctum i: lest I should be s.'d nith a 
 sharp 7iail. acuto ne secer ungui Hor 
 Ed 1 19. 47 ■ test thmns s. your Ugs.ne 
 crura' secent sentes, Ov. M. i , 509- II. 
 jb rub with the nails: 1. rado, 3 . ief 
 lot women s. their cheeks, muUeres 
 genas ne radunto. xii. Tab. m Cic. Leg. 
 1 23./". 2. scabo, scabi, 3: «<>«• 
 the head, caput s., Hor. S. i, 10 71. d. 
 s^lpo, psi. ptum. 3 : tos. the headnnth 
 (me fmaer, caput uuo digital s., Juv. 9. 
 Tti IV To s. out, to erase: erado. 
 3 ;ie s.'d'out (the name of) Merula, 
 h'om the list of senators, Merulam sen- 
 atoris albo erasit. Tac. A. 4. 42- ^^e 
 
 also, TO ERASE. 
 
 sprawl ("•) •• V. TO scribble. 
 Icrawl(s»cs.): V. scribble. 
 
 scream (s"''^-)- ^^g^'"*' ''*• *"• ^--^ 
 an%dft)) vocirermo: ululatus. us, 
 
 m. (fuiwling): v. CRY shriek. 
 
 scream («•)•• iiiuio, i : (/.ouQ . v. to 
 CRY otJT screech, shriek. 
 
 screech ("•)■■ «"•«• »= *''« "^'"^'" 
 s 'f fSL highest peak, summoque 
 ulularunt vertice nynipbae, Virg. Aen. 
 
 '*■ i^ nwl • 1 al^'a *''* ^■-'"'^' 
 strive ^th the snaus, certant cycnis 
 ululae, Virg. Ec. 8. 55 : ct. Phn 10. n. 
 16 2 strix. strigis, /. : Plm. ", i9- 
 OS (strvx flanimea, Linn.): vjiw;L. 
 ^screen (subs.): 1. suffugium, n. 
 n.^^yMter, constr. with gen.) -.there 
 was no s. either from the rain<rrl.he 
 7n, s. nullum aut imbris aut sohs, Plm 
 Ep 9, 39, 2. 2. umbeUa (a sun- 
 .hade parasoV) : v. parasol. 3. 
 
 uXkcaia, oriin. n. : a golden s. kept 
 ZtChotsun. aurea pellebant tepidos 
 u soles. Ov. F. 2. 311. >'ee also awn- 
 ,vr 4 velamentum ; seeking a s. 
 
 for their'lusts. quaerentes libidinibus 
 suisv., Sen. vit.beat. l2./in: 
 
 screen ("•)•■ t?so- ■^'' ^•"?™' '■ f"' 
 
 harZrl<is I'd from theu.ndVoHr^ 
 ab vento t^-gebatur, Caes. B. C. 3. 20. 10 
 T and protect any one aliquem tegere 
 ac tueri, Cic. Fam. 1 3, 66,/n. 
 
 screw(s"bs.): cochlea: to be W-e-J 
 by"Z>f a wine-press), cochleis tor. 
 mieri, Vitr. 6, 6 (9). 5 : id. 5. "• \ ^"^^^ 
 ?he cochleae forS part of a madiinefor 
 draioing water): a s. naU or bolt. 
 •clavus cochleatus.
 
 SCREW 
 
 S C U L P T C I. E 
 
 SEA 
 
 screw ("•) •• P h r. : cochlels tor- 
 quere (v. preced. art.) ; or if the sense 
 is to fasten viith, s.s, 'clavis cochleatis 
 tigere. 
 
 scribble (w) •• I'hr. : aliquid illlnere 
 chartis (lit., to daub ani/thiny on paj>ei), 
 Hor. S. I, 4, j6. ttfiat a {careU:Ss) s., 
 lias literasgallina scripsit, PI. Ps. I, I, 27. 
 
 scribe (subs.) .- 1. scriba, ae, m. 
 (ftT&t a public clerk or writer, afterwards 
 a secretary) : the order (of the scribes) 
 is honourable, for to the good Jaith of 
 these men are entrusted the public laws, 
 and tlie sentetices of the mugistrales, 
 ^scribarum) ordo est hoiiestus, qiioil 
 porum lioininimi tidei tahellae public.ie, 
 periiul:ique inaijistratuuni roininitmii- 
 tur, Cic. Vcrr. j, "jg, i8i ■ (/ it. Tullius, 
 mys., were present, s\ M. Tullius, s. ineus. 
 adesset, Cic. Kam. 5, 20, 2 (v. S/nith's 
 fjict Ant. 1012). 2. actimrius (o Ici7id 
 of short-luind vriler who toolc 7wtes of 
 the speeches delivned in court) : Suet. 
 
 Caes. 5; : V. SHORT-HANI>-\VRITER. 3. 
 
 amanuensis, m., alsu, a niaiiu, sc. servus 
 (neither loiind in Oiiero: a private sf ?e- 
 (ary): Suet. ; v.SECRCTARY. 4. libra- 
 rlus (a transcriber of books, a copyist) : 
 a blunder of the s., librarii meudum, 
 Liv. j8. 55. 
 
 scrip (subs.) : a small bag : 1. 
 
 sacciilus (a small bag, esp.,/'")- mcmey) : 
 
 cf. Plin. 2, 51, ;2: Juv. 11, 27: v. bag. 
 
 2. iruniena, mar^f^lJium: v. ruE.sE. 
 
 Scripture ; Si-riptura ; usu. sancta 
 scriplura (S. S.), Scrr. Eccl. 
 
 scrivener : |, -A money lender : 
 
 1. lenCrator: v. usurer. 2. '"'- 
 miilarius (numey broker) : for in the 
 case of a s. lie cut off his hands, nam 
 numulario maims amputavit, .Suet. (jalb. 
 9. Dimin., numiilariolus (term of con- 
 tempt): Sen.Apocol. wt€ii. ||, JVotary : 
 scriba: v. notaki'. 
 
 scrofula : strama : Cels. 5, 28, 7 . 
 Plm. 
 scrofulous ; strumosus : Col. •; lo, 
 
 J : Juv. 10, {09. 
 
 scroll : vOlumen, inis, n. (anything 
 that is rolled or uound up) : a s. full of 
 the most unfair complaints, v. plenum 
 querelae iniqulssiniae, Cic. Fam. }, 7, 
 2 : to unroll s.s {read them), volumina 
 evolvere, Quint. 2, 15, 24. 
 
 scrub (".) •■ tergeo or tergo, si, sum, 
 
 2 or J : V. TO .SrIOUR, RUB. 
 
 scruple {sabs.): |, Doubt, diffi- 
 culty, hesitation, arising from the ques- 
 tionable proprii ty of an act : 1. re- 
 llgio («. of conscience) : to raise a s. in 
 any one's mind, injlcere r. alicui, Cic. 
 Caec. }}, 97: so, oblatii religiu ('oriiuto 
 est, a s. was raised in his mind, id. 
 F'sm. 10, 12, med. : and, afferre r., id. 
 de Or. 2, 90, /in. ; I have no s. about it, 
 nulla mihi r. est, Hor. S. i, 9, 70 : r. mihi 
 non est quominus . . . , Cic. Cat. ?, 6, 15. 
 
 2. !-crupulus (uneasiness of mind, 
 difficulty, embanassinent) ; ivilhout s., 
 sine s.. Col. 5, 11 (not so in Cic). .Join: 
 scrupulus et quaedam dubitatio {an 
 uneasy, perplexed feeling), Cic. Clu. 28, 
 76. 3. dCibllatio, cunctatio : v. doubt, 
 hesitation. II, A Height or measure: 
 scriipiilus (usu. in neuter, scrupulum or 
 scripulum) : if a s. of gold is put in 
 there, si ibi auri s. imponatur, Vitr. 7, 
 8, med. : eight s.s, scripula octo. Col. 12, 
 28, I. Of as.: weighing a s., scrfipu- 
 laris, Plin. ? j. 8, 4J(scripulaii differentia). 
 By scruples (in weight), scrupulaiim 
 (scripul.), Plin. 22, 24. 56, med. 
 
 scruple (''•) •■ dubito, cunctor, etc. : 
 V. TO DOUBT, HE.SITATK. More precisely 
 expr. by religio mihi est : v. preced. 
 art. (I.). 
 
 scrupulous (adj-) ■■ 1. rellgiosus (im- 
 plying (;x<;-(;m<;(onscieniioi(#ne«s); the s. 
 state ordered tlie consul to vow games 
 and a present to Jupiter, civtias r. ludos 
 Jovi donumque vovere consulem jussit, 
 Liv. } 1 , 9, ad fin. : throughout those days 
 also s. husbandmen abstain from agri- 
 cultural labours, per hos quoque dies 
 abstinent terrenis operibus agricolae r., 
 Col. ii.2,yin. 2. sancius(unim^acA- 
 able, highly upright and cmiscientiiius). 
 Join: in publicls rellgionibus sanctus 
 
 [ et diliRens. Cic. Verr. 5, 19, 49 : v. vr- 
 ! right. 3. (lilii;eiis. aii.xlus; solliritus: 
 
 V. ANXIOUS, CARKKUL. (X.B. — .SlTUpU- 
 
 losu.- in this sense late, and In-st avoided.) 
 SCrupulouslv : 1, iery conscien- 
 tiously: religio-e: to give testimony t., 
 dlcere testimonium r., Cic. Co<-l. 22, fin. 
 Or expr. by nio<lal abl., summa reli- 
 gione adhlbita, or sumnia usus rellgione. 
 2. carefully: accuiatj: diligenter: 
 
 V. CARKKUI.I.V. 
 
 scrupulousness {subs. : \. re- 
 ligiii : wt account of the faith and s. of 
 lltK judge, propter tidi-m et rellgionem 
 judiiis, Cic. K. Com. 15, fm. : s. in 
 giving advice, r. in tonsilio dando, Cic. 
 Fain.' 1 1, 29. rmxt. : cf. Cic. Or. 8, 25 
 (eoruin relinioni cum serviret orator). 
 2. diligeiitia : a writer <f extreme s. 
 (in niatteT-s of style), scripioidiligeiiiiae 
 iiiiiiiae. Quint. }, II, 22. 
 
 scrutinize : sci utor, perscrutor, e.\- 
 
 CUlio, I'll-. : V. to .SEAKfH, exasiine. 
 
 scrutiny : scrQtatio, perscrutatio, 
 inquisitio, etc. : v. examination, inves- 
 tigation. 
 
 scud (»•)•■ Phr. : to s. aUmg: no 
 e.xact equivalent: perh. raptim s. cele- 
 rlter ferri, cf Virg. G. I, !97 : the cha- 
 riots s. along the plain, praeclpiti certa- 
 nilne campum corripuere currus, ib. }, 
 104. .See also to hurrv, hasten. 
 
 scuffle (subs.) : 1. rixa : {bratvl, 
 quarrel ; esp. irhen attended with blows) . 
 V. FRAY. 2. turba {tumult, uproar, 
 "row"): Kubrius himself is wounded 
 in the s., ipse liubiius in turba sauciatur, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, i, 26, 67. 
 
 scuffle ("■) •• rixor, I : V. TO quarrel. 
 
 SCuU {subs.): I. Of the head: 
 
 1, calviiria (" os capitis cerebrum 
 tegens," Forcell.) : Cels. 8, i : the s. of a 
 mad dog, cauls rabiosi c, Plm. jo, 6, 18. 
 
 2. Us capitis {the s. considcrvd as 
 a bone : cl. supr. I): to drink out of s.s, 
 
 • ex ossibus humanorum capituni bibere. 
 
 II, Kind of oar : palma, palmula • 
 V. paddle, oar. 
 
 scullery {subs.) .- *lixarum officina. 
 
 scullion {subs.) : perh. *ll.\a, ae, m. 
 (usu. enunieratod among camp-fol- 
 lowers : V. SUTLER). 
 
 sculptor {subs.) : 1. sculptor s. scalp- 
 tor (,eil her a sculptM- or an engraver): 
 Plin. Kp. 1, 10, 4 : Plin. 29, 6, j8 : v kn- 
 GKAVER. 2. expr. by circuml. : qui 
 niarmor scalpit, cf. Plin. j6. 4, 5 (mar- 
 nioie i^calpendo primi omnium iiiclarue- 
 runt, they uere the first tvho attained 
 Celebrity as sculptors in marble). 
 
 sculpture {subs.) .- |. The art of 
 carving: 1, sculptSra s. sailpiura: 
 (carving in stone, wood, etc.) : s. embraces 
 iiood, ivory, marble, glass, precious 
 stones, sculptura lignum, ebur, inannor, 
 vitrum. genmias complectitur. Quint. 2, 
 21,9: cf. Plin. 16, 40, 77 : V. engraving. 
 2. expr. by vt-rb: the art of s was 
 
 invented by *ars [marmoris, etc.] 
 
 sculpeiidi ab . . . . reperla est: the Athe- 
 nians excelled in marble s.. *praecipuam 
 Athenienses marmoris sculpendi laudem 
 habuerunt: v. to sculiture. 3. sta- 
 tuaria (more precisely, statuary, as an 
 art: rare) Plin. 55, 12, 45. ||. A wcrrk 
 executed by a sculptor .- expr. by opus, 
 m:imior, esp. in connexion with verb 
 sculpo : a rich s. of foreign marble, 
 externo marmore dives opus, Ov. A. A. 
 I, 70 : he was famed for a s. represent- 
 ing the Venus of (iniilus, marmore nobl- 
 litatus est.Gnidiaque Veiiere, Plin. 7, j8, 
 ?g : Athens is famed for its marble s.s, 
 
 * inclaruerunt Athenae opeiibus mar- 
 more sculpt is : his s.s at I\<'me are 
 
 Uomae ejus opera sunt , I'liii. !6. 45, 
 
 ii 5 and 6 (where the context defines). 
 Also signum marmoreum . Plin. }6, 5. 5 
 (sunt in Ctiido et alia sigtia niarmorea 
 illustriiim artificum). 
 
 sculpture {'•■): sculpo, scalpo, psi, 
 ptum, } (including both sculpture aiid 
 engraving: lor the supposed difference 
 between the two liinn> of the word, v. 
 Diet. Aiitlq. s. V. Scalplura): s.d of stone 
 or Aeien out of oak, e saxo sculptus aut e 
 roboredolatus, Cic. Ac. 2, Ji. 100: Ov. M. 
 10, 248 (niveum mira arte sculpsit ebur). 
 
 (N.B. — Caelare ie to carve, chase, or rm- 
 ix>st in metal : v. to CHAbE.'i 
 
 scum (sufc.!.) .- 1. spQma (gen. 
 
 term): v. koam. 2. scoria (</ nurtoij) 
 it is calleit s. (or droit), scoria ap- 
 jwllatur, Plin. jj. 4. 21 : cf. id. J4, 11, 
 
 24. P h r. : the t. of the state, sentins 
 (lit., bilgt-irater) reipublicae, Cic Cat. 
 
 I, 5, 12: cf. id. Att. I, 19. See also 
 
 REFUSE (tig). 
 
 scurf (subt.) : 1. furfur, iris. m. 
 (a disease of t;ie tldn of thr head common 
 "ith children): oil.pl.: PUn. 26, I, 2- 
 aKo. 20, 9, jg. 2. porrigo, Inis, /. 
 yj tUtaiieijus disease <f the head; dan- 
 • if,: Cels. 6. 2: H..r. S. 2, }, ij6 
 ca|Mii porrlgine foedum). 
 
 scurfy {("ij-) •■ porrigln5su8 : a t. 
 head, caput p.: Plia Val. (Forcell.): 
 if pi I'l-i d. art. 
 
 scurrility (*"''^-) •■ 1. ^currilllas 
 Qiiiiii. II, I. JO (afteciala scurrilitas) : 
 otiensives., foeda [et InsuUi] s., lac Or. 
 22, «rtr. 2. expr. by scurrills.e: there 
 was a s. about, his vit, • facetiae ejus 
 scurrile nonnlhll halH-bant ; infamous 
 for his s., *scurrill loquendi Eeiiere in- 
 famis: v. sitJRRtuiDs. 3. nialMi- 
 centia (abusivenesf) : GelL J, |, fin. 
 (a.ssidua m. et probra in priricipes cl- 
 vitatis): v. abuse, reviling. 
 
 scurrile ( scurrilis, e (fit only 
 
 scurrilous ) J or a low buffoon): 
 as. jest, ^. jocu.-i. Cic. de Or. 2. 59, 219: 
 Suet. Vesp. 22, init. (dicacitas pliirima, 
 et sic s. ac sordida ut ne pretex talis 
 quidem verbis abstineret). 
 
 scurrilously •■ scurriUter: Plm. 4, 
 
 25. J- 
 
 scurvy: "scorbutus: Med. T. 
 
 scutcheon (subs.) : perh. • scQtum ; 
 Insigne (insij;iiia) : v. coat (of arms). 
 
 scuttle (subs.): perh. *corbis car- 
 bonaria. 
 
 scuttle (f.) •■ i. e. to bore a hole 
 through the bottom of a ship, and so 
 sink it, • navis tundum perforare, per- 
 tuiidrre ac deprimere. 
 
 scythe : falx tt-naria : Cato, R. R, 
 
 II, mei.: or simply fal.\, where the 
 context defines, Varr. R. R. i, 49 
 (herbam falcibus siibseciirc). 
 
 sea (subs.) : 1, miire : (most gen. 
 term ; sea as opp. to lami) : on s. and 
 land, terra manque. Sail. Git. 1 1, et 
 pass. : the s. is a destruction to sailors 
 e.\iiium est mare nautis, Hor. Od. i. 28 
 18 the ship-bearing s., mare uavigerum, 
 Lucr. I, }. Also used for a particular 
 s. : the upper (Ionian) s., superuni m.. 
 Cic. de Or. }, 19, 69 : our (.'lediter- 
 ranean) s., nostrum m.. Oies. B. G. ;. I 
 the Tuscan s., mare Tyrrhenum. Hor. 
 Od. I, II, 5 : the Allanlic s., mare At- 
 lanlicum, -Mela, J, I. 2. aequor, 
 oris, n. (prop, o level surface : heni-e 
 the expanse of the s. : poet.), we rtin 
 over the s. in our ship, trabe currimus 
 ae., Virg. Aei. }, 191 : the too boisterous 
 s., imperio.-^ius ae., Hor. Od. i, 14, 8: v. 
 oft. p.: he calms the suoUen s., tumida 
 aequora placat, Vir.n. Aen. i. 14}. Also 
 for a particular s., ib. 67 (Tyrrhenum 
 aequor). 3. p^lagu.s. i, n. (the oprti 
 s. : chiefly poet.) spread your sails to 
 the open s., p. di vela paleuti, VIrp. 
 (jeorg. 2,41 : ivheti the s. oas in a storm, 
 saevlente pelago, Tac. Ann. 15, 46 : they 
 began to push for the (open) s.. pelagus 
 petere coeperuiit, .Vuct. B. Hlsp. 40. 
 4. pontus (the deep S. ; the ocean : 
 chiefly poet.): a long tract of «„ longu^ 
 p., Hor. Oil. I, J. }8 : the waters of the »., 
 aeiiuora ponil, VIrg. Georg. i. 469. 
 SiK-clally, the Kuxine s., tiunens P., Ov. 
 Met. 15. 756: here the vast Kuxine s. 
 opens itself, sese ingens P. aperit, Mel. 
 I, 19. 5. ocSiinus V. OCEAN. Otlier 
 more exceptional or ornamental phrr. 
 are ( 1) sjiUim (the salt ».) .- the t. over- 
 powerin'i us, smx-rant*" salo, Virg. .\en 
 I, 5?7 : he kept his ship at anchor in (At 
 (open) s., priH-ul ab insula in salo navem 
 tenuil in aticoris, Nep. Them. 8 : also, 
 sal, sSlis. m. ; the face of the calm s., 
 salis plucidi vultus, Virg. .*en. 5. 848: 
 on the Tuscan f., sale Tyrrheno, ib. 6, 
 697 . (2) fretum (prop, a narrow t. or 
 
 T5
 
 SEA 
 
 SEAL 
 
 SEARCH 
 
 strait : v. strait) : the wave of the Li- 
 byan $., Libyci unda freti, Ov. Fast, j, 
 ?63 : esp. pi., while riners shall run into 
 S.S, in freta duni fluvii current, Virg. 
 Aen. 1, 607 : (a) vada, orum, pl- 
 (strictly, sliaVows = aequora also used 
 poet.); ships overleap the bounds of the 
 s., rates transiliunt v., Hor. Od. i, j, 24; 
 (4) marnior, 6ris, n. (prop, a smooth, 
 marble-like surface) : the oars struggle 
 in Uie sluggish s., in lento luctaiitur m. 
 tensae, Virg. Aen. "7. 28 : as many vaves 
 as roll in the Libyan s., quam mulii 
 Libyco volvuntur marmore fluctus, ib. 
 ■7,8: (5) altum (the deep: mare being 
 understood ; in oblique cases only : both 
 poet, and prose) : to project into the s., 
 eminere in altum, Liv. 44, 11 : (ships) 
 carried out to s.. in altum provectae, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 28 : (6) Ntptiinus (metoii. . 
 poet.): if Eurus have sunk them in the 
 s., si praeceps Neptuno immerserit Eurus, 
 Virg. Georg. 4, 29 : (7) names of special 
 portions of the s. : s. of Azof, Palus 
 Maeolis, Plin. H. N. 2, (>•}, 67 ; Ei^d s., 
 Sinus Arabicus, ib. P h r. : to put to s. : 
 (1) solvo, vi, utum, j ; with or without 
 navem or ancorara expressed : Caes. 
 B. G. 4, j6 (solvere naves) ; they em- 
 barked and pat to s., naves conscend- 
 eruiit et e terra solverunt, id. B. C. j, 
 loi : Cic. : after having put to s., ancora 
 soluta, Cic. Ati. I, 15, mit. So, funem 
 solvere, Virg. Aen. 5, 77} ; of. phaselum 
 solvere, Hor. Od. }, 1, 29: (2) provShor, 
 ctus, J (fo push out) : the ships having 
 put to s. later, serius a terra provectae 
 naves, Caes. B. C. }, 8 (3) conscendo, } : 
 V. TO EMBARK. To be at s., navigo, I ; 
 / have xuritten this while at s., haec 
 scripsi navigans, Cic. Att. 16, 7, extr. : 
 so, in alto navigare, id. Inv. 2, 51, i;}: 
 to be at s., in fig. sense, i. e. in doubt ; 
 fluctuo, I : Sen. Ep. 52 : to be quite at s., 
 in sumrao versari errore, Cic. N. D. 1,1, 
 2 : / am not one ivhose miud is at s., non 
 sumus ii quorum animus vagetur errore, 
 id. Off. 2, 2, 7 : a s. of troubles : fluctus 
 ipl.). Nep. Att. 6 : Cic. de Or. i, i, j : 
 in the s. of business, rerura fluctibus in 
 mediis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 85 : s.-ilum aerura- 
 nosum, Cic. Tusc. ?, 28, 67 : tumultu- 
 osum mare. Hor. Od. 2, i, 16: lia!f-s.s 
 over : teniulentus, Cic. Sest. 9, 20 : 
 udus. Mart. 5, 85, 5 : ex vino vacillans, 
 Cic. in Quint. 8, j, 66. 
 
 sea (adj.) : 1. marinus (of or 
 
 relating to the sea as a natural dem,ent) .- 
 s.-coots, m. fuliciie, Virg. G. i. j62 : a s.- 
 nymph, m. nympha, Cat. Epith. Pel. 16. 
 2. maritimus, or maritiimus (with 
 ref. to naval alTairs) : s.-voyages, mari- 
 timi cursus, Cic. N. D. 2, 5}, iji: s.- 
 coast, ora maritinia, Caes. B. C. j. 5 : v. 
 MARITIME. 3. aequureus (= marinus : 
 poet.): Anxur, brilliant with s.-ii-aters, 
 aequoreis aquis splendidus. Mart, ic, 51, 
 8: the race of s.-creatures, genus ae- 
 quoreum, Virg. Georg. j, 24?. 
 
 -bear : *ur8us maritimus, 
 
 Liun. : u. marinus, Pall. 
 
 -beaten : fluctlfragus : Lucr. 
 
 I, J06 (f. litus). 
 
 -board : v- sea-coast, below. 
 
 -born ; marinus, Hor. Od. i. 8, 
 
 I J : or by circuml., orta muri (Venus). 
 
 -breeze : maritimus afflatus, 
 
 Plin. 14, 2, 4, $ J2. 
 
 -calf: 1. phoca: Virg. G. 4, 
 
 4J2: V. seal. 2. vitiilus marinus: 
 Plin. J2, II, 5?. 
 
 -captain : navarchus, Cic. Verr. 
 
 J, 80, 186. 
 
 -carp: mSruIa: Ov. Hal. 114. 
 
 -coast : 1. 01'' maritlma : 
 
 Caes. B. C. j, 5. 2. "ttus (litus), 
 oris, n. : s.-c. of Egypt, 1. Aegypliacum, 
 Plin. 6, 28, J2, 5 142. 
 
 -coot : fulica : Virg. Georg. i, 
 
 l6j. 
 
 -crab : cancer littoieus, Ov. 
 
 Met. 10, i2'7 : cancer marinus, Plin. 
 H. N, }2, 10, 40. 
 
 -crow or cormorant : corvus .- 
 
 Plin. j2, II, 5}. 
 
 -ear (shell) . * haliotis, Tyinn. 
 
 -elephant : elepbantus (ma- 
 rinus): Plin. }2, II, 53, (J 144. 
 716 
 
 sea-eagle : haliaetos -. Ov. Met. 8, 
 146 : Plin. H. N. 10, j, }. 
 
 -eel : conger, gri : Ov. Hal. 11;: 
 
 Plin. H. N. g, 62, 88. 
 
 -faring : maritimus : s.-f.ing 
 
 men, maritimos homines, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 
 26, 65 : v. SAILOR. 
 
 -figbt : navalis pugna, Cic. Sen. 
 
 5, ij : a mock s.-fight, naumachia, Suet. 
 CI. 21. 
 
 foam : spiima : V. foah. 
 
 • -girt : 1. ni*'"' clausus (in- 
 
 clusus) : Virg. Aen. 10. J77. 2. cir- 
 cumfluus (poet.) : a land s.-girt by the 
 Adriatic. Hadriaco tellus circumflua 
 ponto, Lucan 4, 407. 
 
 -green : thalasslnus (very rare) : 
 
 a s.-green robe, thalassina vestis, Lucr. 
 
 4, 1 121. 
 
 -gull : 1. 'arus, Linn. 2. 
 
 gavia: Plin. 10, j 2, 48. 
 
 -hare ; 16pus marinus : Plin. 
 
 32, 9, i6. 
 
 — --hedgehog: v. sea-urchin. 
 
 horse : hippocampus : Plin. 
 
 n. 7. 27- 
 
 -kale • crambe mantmia : 
 
 LinrL 
 
 mew; mergus: Virg. Georg. 
 
 I, 361. 
 
 monster: cetus, i, m.; neut. 
 
 pi. cete : Virg. : Plin. 
 
 mouse or rat : 1. nius 
 
 marinus: Plin. 9, 51, 76. 2. aphro- 
 dita aculeata, Linn. 
 
 mussel : mytllus, Hor. S. 2, 4, 
 
 28 : Mart. }. 60, 4- raitulus, Plin. H. N. 
 
 9. 51. •]4. ^ ibo- 
 
 -needle : s.-pike, or gar-fish : 
 
 iicus, or belone, Plin. 9, 51, 76. 
 
 -nettle : 1. unica marina, 
 
 Plin. J2, 9, 32. 2. acalc|>he: Cuv. 
 
 -port : *oppidum portum mari- 
 timum habens. 
 
 robber : "•'■ pirate. 
 
 -scorpion : nuuinus scorpio, 
 
 Plin. H. N. J2, 9, ;2. *Cottus scurpms, 
 Bloch. 
 
 sick, to be ; nauseo, I : Hor. 
 
 Ep. I, 1,9;. 
 
 -sick : nauseabundus : Sen. Ep. 
 
 108, jj. 
 
 -sickness ' nausea : Cic. Att. 
 
 5. I J. 
 
 -serpent : draco marinus : Plin. 
 
 -snail : 1. UpSris : Plin. J2, II, 
 
 5 J- 2. umbilicus: Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 22. 
 
 -snipe or bellows-fish : *<:en- 
 
 triscus scolopa.x, Linn. 
 
 -urchin : echinus : Hor. : Plin. 
 
 -voyage: v. voyage. 
 
 -water: aqua manna. Plin. J2, 
 
 8,27. 
 
 -weed : 1. alga, Plln. J2, 6, 
 
 22: ib. II, 154: useless s.-ueed, a\ga. inu- 
 tilis, Hor. Od. j, 17, 9. 2. lucus ma- 
 rinus : Plin. 26, 10, 66. 3. phycus : 
 from <^i)(cos, id. ij, 2;, 48: abounding 
 in s.-iveed, algosus. Plin. J2, 9, Jl. Bred 
 in s.-jceed, algensis, ib. 9, 57, 61. 
 
 -worthy : aJ navigandum uti- 
 
 lis : cf Caes. B. G. 4, 29. Also, (navis) 
 qua commode navigari possit, ib. c. 31, 
 extr. 
 
 seal (subs.): \. Of a letter, etc.: 
 1. signum (the image or dexrice upon 
 a signet ; also, the impression in wax) : 
 to put S.S to documents, tabellis s. im- 
 primere, Hor. S. 2, 6, }8 : to keep under 
 s., sub s. habere, Cic. Att. 9, 10 : (a letter) 
 vith the S.S unbroken, integris s., id. Cat. 
 ?, i, init. Dimin. sigilluni (very rare 
 in this sense) : Hor. Ep. i, 20, 3. 2. 
 (■era (the wax impression only) : Cic. 
 Fl. 16, J7 : Ov. Hence, cerarium, a fee 
 for putting a s. to ad/tcument, Cic. Verr. 
 ?, 78, init. (From this place and that 
 in the speech pro Flacco, cera would 
 appear to be strictly the proper word 
 for the impression, rather than signum.) 
 Phr. : to put one's s. to a document, 
 tabellas obsignare, Cic. Quint. 21, 67 (v. 
 TO seal): to break open the s. of a 
 letter, litteras resignare, PI. Trin. 3, j, 
 66. Cic. II, The animal: phoca; 
 also, phoce, es : Virg. G. 4, 432. (*Phoca 
 vitulina. </ie common s.; Cycl.) 
 
 seal («•) •• i. To put as. to a letter 
 
 or document : 1. signo, 1 : Cic. Alt. 
 II, I (accepi a te libellum signatum): 
 Hor. : Ov. Comps. ; (1) obsigno, i (to 
 s. up ; s. ivith legal formality ; esp. in 
 the case of depositions, etc. in court); 
 when J had already s.'d up my letter 
 obsignata jam epist^^la, Cic. Att. 8, 6: cf. 
 id. Clu. 14, 41 (testamentum in alias 
 tabulas transscriptum, signis adulterini* 
 obsignavit, he s.'d it tip with, forged s.s) : 
 lor the technical legal use, cf. id. Quint. 
 21, 67, ejus rei couditionisque labellas 
 obsignaverunt viri boni cmiplures. (2.) 
 consigno, 1 (of a 7mmber of persons put- 
 ting their s.s to a document together): 
 Cic. Quint. 6, 25 (tabulae ma.vimis signia 
 hominum iiobilium consignantur) (.3.) 
 assigno, i (rare): Pens. 5, 81. 2. 
 expr. by signum (signa) imprimere : 
 Hor. S. 2, 6, }8. II. To certify as by 
 as.: Phr.: that circumstance s.'d the 
 fate of the city, * haec res quasi exscidio 
 urbem addixisse videbatur: he s.'d his 
 confession by his death, * confessionem 
 suam niorte tanquam obsignatam lulit. 
 Ill, To s. up: (a.) Lit. obsigno, i : 
 V. supr. (I.), (b.) Fig., to close: com- 
 primo, 5perio, etc.: v. to shut, close. 
 " In time of service s. up both thine 
 eyes," * rem divinam facieiis, oculos tu 
 bene compressos [et quasi obsignalos] 
 habeto. 
 
 scaler : obsignator (litterarum) : 
 Cic. Clu. 66, 186. (Or expr. by rel. 
 clause, qui oljsigiiavit, etc.) 
 
 sealed (part, adj.) .- obsignatus : Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, II, 3!. 
 
 sealing-wax: cera (any kind of 
 wax) : cf. SEAL (I., 2). More precisely, 
 cera tabellis obsignandis. 
 
 seam : 1. sutura : Liv. 38, 29, 
 med. Also as neut. pi., suta, orum : 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 313: made with s.s, 
 sutilis : e. g. sutilis cymba, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 414. 2. of pianlis, or timbers, 
 commissiira: Plin. 16, 36, 64 (commis- 
 surae iiavium). 
 
 seaman: nauta: v. sailor. Phr.: 
 a good s., homo navigandl peritus ; sci- 
 entia nauticarum rerum instructissimus : 
 V. navigatiox. 
 
 seamanship : nauticarum rerum 
 peritia. Phr.: to gain a victory by 
 yood s., rather than by fighting, *magis 
 .'lavalis (nauticae) rei peritia quam pug- 
 uando hostes sui^erare. 
 
 se?LmeA ipait. adj.) : creber suturis, 
 cf. Liv. J 8, 29, med. Yig. ^marked 
 xvith scars, cicatricosus. Quint. 4, i, 61. 
 
 seamless: *suturise.\i>er3. 
 
 seamstress : sarclnatrlx : GaL Dig. 
 15, I, 27. Or perh. vestifica, Inscr. 
 
 seamy : v. .seamed. 
 
 sear (''■) •■ adaro, ussi, stum, j (to 
 burn the surface of anylhing) : or 
 simply, uro: v. to BtJRN. (Vulg. 1 Tim. 
 iv. 2, has cauteriaia conscienlia, "con- 
 science s.'d with a hot iron," E. V. ; but 
 the verb cauterio, as also cauterizo, is 
 late, and inadmissible in elegant Latin.) 
 
 sear (.odj.) .- serus : v. late. The s. 
 and yellow leaf, vietum et caducum 
 illud senectutis," cf. Cic. Sen. 2, 5 : v. 
 ■withered. 
 
 search (I'O •• A. I n t r a n s. : to 
 institute a search: 1. scrtitor, 1 
 (oftencr trans.): Sen. Ir. 3, 36 (totum 
 diem mecum scrutor). 2. riinor, 1 
 (to pry into : usu. with object expr. : v. 
 infr. il.) : Vivg. Aen. 7, 508. Not only 
 scrutor, but other trans, verbs of searcli- 
 ing may be u.sed with obj. understood: 
 e. g. : s. carefully and y:>u will find, 
 * quaere diligenter, et reperies. (Not 
 however excutio, which must have ace. 
 of person or thing s.'d.) Phr.: to s. 
 everywhere, invest igare et perscrutari 
 omnia, Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 47. Be 
 
 Trans.: to examine by s.ing : J, 
 scrator, I : to s. secret places, abdita loca 
 s., Siill. Jug. 12: Cic. Strengthened, 
 perscriitor, i : Cic. 2. excutio, ssi, 
 ssum, 3, (strictly, to examine by shaking 
 a person's dress, in order to discover 
 anything serreted"): they ordered him to 
 be s.'d, [nf] excuti (euni) juberent. 
 Phaedr. 5, 5, 19. Cic. Join: nnn 
 excutio te [si quid forte ferri habuistij,
 
 SEARCH INTO 
 
 SEAT 
 
 SECLUDED 
 
 lion scrutor, Cic. K. Am. J4, 97. 3. 
 
 rimor, I (to raitsa/:k evtn-y curner, to pry 
 into: not in CIc): Tac. H. 2, 29 (ipsam 
 bumuni puis laiicelsquf; rimabantur, 
 viz., in s. of la/eds): Virg. Phr. : U> 
 s. sea and land, terra marique omnia 
 exquirere, Sail. Cat. I}. 
 
 search into : 1. inquiro, }-. v. to 
 
 K.NQDiRii INTO. Also, anqulro, j (to s. 
 on all sides, s. carefully) : Clc. 2. 
 iiivestlgo, indigo, 1 (to track out care- 
 fully ; both lit. and tig.): v. to investi- 
 gate, EXAMINE. 3, perscrutor, i : 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 44. 
 
 for : 1, quaero, j : Cic. . 
 
 Phaedr. : et pass. Contps. : (1.) an- 
 qulro, J (to s. all about Jor) : Clc. Am. 
 ij, 87. Join: anquirere et parare 
 [omnia quae sunt ad vivendum neces- 
 naria]. (2.) conquiro, j (to s. together, 
 or in a body ; also, tu s.for and colleit) : 
 Cic. Ven-. 4, 19, init. (conquiri IModoruni 
 tola proviiicia jubet, orders a yeneral s. 
 to be made fur him) : id. Off. }, }j, ii-j 
 (suavitates undique c). (3 ) tequiro, j 
 (to s. for again, s. for v liat has been 
 U)st) : to s. for any one's boyifs, ossa ali- 
 cujus r., Ov. M. 2, j}6. (Oftener = to 
 feel tiie tvant of, to miss.) 2. scrutor, 
 
 I (v. rare in ibis sense) ; Plin. See also 
 
 TO SEARCH. 
 
 out : 1. exquiro, quisivl, 
 
 situm, ) : to s. out tlie truth, veruni e.\., 
 Cic Div. 2, 12, 28: et pass. 2. e.\- 
 pioro, I (carefully) : to s. out the whole 
 matter, rem totam ex., Cic. Att. 6, 8: v. 
 TO EXJ'LoHi;. 3. investigo, i ; to s. 
 out and expose a conspiraa/, conjura- 
 tionem inv., patefacere, Cic. Sull. i,txlr. 
 
 4. indago, i : Cic. Mil. }"], 10?. 
 Join: indagaie et odorari (to scent out, 
 as cU^s), id. Verr. 2, 54, IJ5. 
 
 search (subs.) .- 1, usu. expr. by 
 verb: he institutes a s.for the man. 
 bominem conquiri jubet: in the s. for 
 truth, in veritate investiganda, etc. : v. 
 ro SEARCH. 2. al!*o these subss. 
 
 occur: (1.) inquisitio : Cic. Off. I, 4, ij 
 (veri inquisitio atque investigatio) : PI. 
 (2.) scrutatio: Sen. V, B. 2{, 2 (s. do- 
 mus). (3.) investigatio, iudagatio : v. 
 
 HXAMINATION, ENQUIUY. 
 
 searcher : usu. expr. by impeif. 
 part, or rel. clause: v. to search. Also 
 I>y these subs.: (1.) scrutator: Suet.: 
 Just. (2.) inquisitor (enquirer, in- 
 vestigator) : Cic. (3.) indagator : Col. 
 9, 8, ad fin. 
 
 searching (subs.) : v. search, subs. 
 
 searching (a'^) •• _ |. in physical 
 sense: peiietrabilis, acutus, subtilis : v. 
 
 PENETRATING, KKEX. ||. By aiial., 
 
 penetrating and careful: expr. by ac- 
 cilratus, dillgens, or corresponding adiw. : 
 to institute a most s. inquiry, * aliquid 
 sccuratissima diligentia Qacciiiatissinie, 
 dlligentissime^ e.xploraie, inquirere: v. 
 CAREFUL, carefully; and preced. ant. 
 P h r. : that vas a very s. question of 
 yours, *ea quaestione rem ucu (quod 
 aiunt) tetigisse videris. 
 searness : v. sear, adj. 
 season (subs.) : |. Of the year : 
 1. l«-nipus, 5ris, n. : at every s. of the 
 year, omni t. aniii, Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 107 : 
 the fourfold chanties of the s.s, tem- 
 porum commiuationes quadripurtitae, 
 id. Tusc. I, 28, 68 : it was the wintrr s., 
 oral hibernuni t. anni, Cic. Pvep. 1, 12: 
 »« the s.s, fempora anni, Lucr. 2, jj. 
 
 2, tempestas (time of the year, esp. 
 n-it'i reference to the weather as favour- 
 able or unfavourable) : while the s. 
 smiles, quum t. arridct, Lucr. 2, }i. 
 
 II, kight or suitable time: 1. 
 tempus: esp. in certain phrr. in due s., 
 tempore, Cic. lain. 7, 1 8 : in tempore, 
 Ter. Heaut. 2, j, llj: also, at the ap- 
 pointed s., ad tempus, Cic. Att. 1 }, 45. 
 
 2, opportiinilas: in more abstract 
 sense : cf. Clc. Off. i, 40, 142, opportuni- 
 tas idoncorum ad agendiiin tcmporum : 
 V. OPPORTUNITY. |||, A somenhat 
 
 brief period : in plir., /or a s.. in tem- 
 pus, cf. Tac. A. 14, 20 (=tem}X}rarily, 
 just for the occasimi) : or use pauUisper 
 (for a )ihile): Cic; Caes. 
 
 season (»■)•• |, To flavour: 1, 
 
 condio, 4 (both lit. and fig.) : to t. mart 
 exquisitely (in cooking), ita c. nt nihil 
 possit esse suavius, Cic. Fam. 7. 26 : to 
 s. ill, male c, Hor. S. 2, 8, 69: dignity 
 s.'d ii-itk courtesy, gravitas comitate 
 coiidita, Cic. .Sen. 4, 10; Quint. 2. 
 expr. by (sale) spargo, perspergo, si, 
 sum, j: cf. Cic. Att. 1, it, init., liiterae 
 humanitaiis sparsae sale: also, de Or. 
 
 1, J4, extr., fucetiarum quidam lepos, 
 quo tanquara .sale perspergatur omiiis 
 oratio (s.'d or flavoured throughout witli 
 wit). II, To harden and Jit for use : 
 duro, i: v. to harden, inure. 
 
 seasoned (part, adj.): I. Fla- 
 voured; in lit. or fig. sense: condilus 
 (tlie compar. conditior, more highly s., 
 occurs, Cic. de Or. 2, ;6, 227), (tanquani) 
 sale sparsus, perspeisus; v. to season. 
 II. Thoroughly hardened : bene 
 duratus : s. tiinber, materia non jimi 
 viridis sed diirata ac bene lirma (solida). 
 
 seasonahle : 1. temiiettivus : a 
 
 s. addrisn, oratio t., lAv. 5, ii,fin.: to 
 alloiv children s. recreation, t. pueris 
 concedere luduin, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 142 : 
 Cic. 2, opportunus : v. suitable. 
 3. expr. by in tempore, ad tempus, 
 tempestivO: irhat could have been mitre 
 s. ,"' *quld piituit magis in tempore (ad 
 tempus), 5. tempestivius fieri .' v. sea- 
 
 SONAIiLY. 
 
 seasonableness : 1. tempesti- 
 
 vitas: Cic. Sen. lo, }}. 2. opportu- 
 iiTtas : Cic. Off. I, 40, 142. (Or. expr. by 
 ailj. : V. seasonable.) 
 
 seasonably : 1. (in) tempore, 
 ad tempus : v. season (II.). 2. teni- 
 pestive : Cic. N. 1). 2, 62, fin. : Hor. 
 
 seasoning (subs.) .- i, conditio 
 
 (act or mode »/ s., in cookery) : Cic. N. D. 
 
 2. 58. 146 (ciboruni conditiones). 2. 
 condimentum (that which serves to add 
 relish) : Wc. Fin. 2, 28, 90 (cibi). Also 
 tig., sermonum amdimenta, id. de Or. 2, 
 67, 271. 3. conditiira (less freq. = 
 preced.): Sen. Ir. j. 15. 4. use sal, 
 sales: esp. in fig. sense: cf. Cic. Att. i, 
 ij, init., humanitatis sal, <Ae s. of ek- 
 gant and refined culture : v. to season. 
 
 seat (subs.) : I. That on which one 
 sits: 1. sedes, is, /. : they sat dov.n 
 on the S.S beneath the plane-tree, in ils s. 
 quae erant sub platano consedisse, Cic. 
 deOr. I, 7, extr. : s. if honour, s. honoris 
 (= sella cunilis), id. Cat. 4, 1,2: so of 
 the senators' s.s, Liv. 5, 41, fin. 2. 
 sedile, is, n. (more limited in meaning 
 than sedos, and denoting some kind (f 
 fixed bench or cluiir : chiefly poet.) ; 
 grassy s. (or chair), gramineum s., Virg. 
 Aen. 8, 176: he sits on the front s.s 
 (oj the knights), in primis s. sedet, Hor. 
 Epod. 4, 1 5 . Ov. 3. sella (a more- 
 able setit or chair: not a fixture like 
 sedile) : the curule s. (chair), s. curulis, , 
 Cic. Verr. ;, 14, j6: cf. id. Div. i, 52, 
 119, s. aurea (Caesaris dictatoris). See 
 
 also CHAIR, SEDAN, STOOL. 4. iu pi. 
 
 subsellia, orum (the benches on which 
 senators sat in the senate-house, or 
 those in front of the tribunal in the 
 forum) : specially, s. senaius, Cic. Ph. 
 5, 7, i8; but mure freq. absoL, the 
 context serving to define, cf. id. Cat, i, 
 7, i6 (istam partem subselliorum nu- 
 dam reliquerunt) : tlie accusers' part of 
 the s.s, accusatorum s., id. K. Am. 6, 17. 
 5. so in a collect, manner, specta- 
 cula, orum. Is used of Che seats in a 
 theatre or public show: Suet. Cal. }$ (e 
 spectaculis detractus): Tac. 6, ses- 
 sio (place for sitting down : infreq.) : 
 Cic. de Or. "2, ;, 20. ||, Fosition of a 
 person sitting : perh. s5des : or expr. by 
 circuml. : he seated himself on the right 
 of Adliirbal, to prevent Jugurtlia txing 
 in the middle, which is the s. of honour 
 among the J\'umidians, dexlera Adher- 
 balem assedit, nc modius ex tribns, quod 
 apud Xiimidas honori ducitur, Jugurtha 
 foret, .Sail. Jug. 1 1 : the middle s. is the s. 
 of hiiniiiir, *sedeiitiiim medius locus 
 bonesii>simus. Kxpr. to take one's s., 
 by seileie, assidt^re, considere : (v. to 
 SIT): but in Liv. i, 18, med., we have 
 sedem capcre, appy. to avoid repetition 
 of sedere or its comps. |||, I'art qf 
 
 tlie body on uhich one nU : aedes : Plin. 
 U, J. i'l'- also in pi: it removes ex- 
 crescences on the »., excrescentia in (*di- 
 bus extrahlt. Id. 22, 21, 29, }6i. (More 
 usu. anus: v. fundament.) |V. /■»■<>- 
 per place or home of amiUiing '. \, 
 sedes : (pleasure) disturbs the mind from 
 its piojjer s. and position, mentem e 
 sua s. et statu ilemovet, Cic. Par. I.Jin. ; 
 s. of loar, 8. belli, Liv. 4, ji, fin. Also 
 pi. : in tlie very i. of luxury (Capua), 
 in sedibus luxuriae, Cic. Atir. 2, 55, 97 : 
 s. of power, s. imperii, cf. Id. Rep. 2. J. 
 2. doiiiiciliuiii (dwrlliiig-place: lig. 
 settled abide): (Home) the vrry $. of 
 empire and glory, imperii et gloriae d.. 
 Cic de Or. i, 2{,"lc5 : the s. of the $out, 
 domicilia (pi.) aiiimi, Gell. 17. 15. init. 
 Cf. Cic. Agr. I.e., in domicillo 8uperbiac 
 atque in sedibus luxuriae. V. Here- 
 ditary mansion : i>orh. dCmlcllium ; or 
 more precisely, *dijmicilium avitum 
 (patemum), sedes avita (patema): cf. 
 Hor. Od. I, 12, 4} (avitus cum lare 
 fundus): id. Ep. 2. 2, 51 (patemi laris 
 inops). Sometimes villa (country- 
 house) may be near enough : cf. Plin. 
 Kp. 9, 7, I, hujus [lacus] In littore plure* 
 villae meae: .-iomeiiiiies the neut. of a 
 locjil adj. without subs. .- e. g. I^uren- 
 tinum ineuni, my Laurentme s.. Id. 2, 
 17, init.: Clc. Or domus may be used 
 as gen. term: v. house, home. V|. 
 A right to sit in a legislative body 
 e.xpr. by circuml., to oljtain a s. in par- 
 liament, *senatorem fieri, ad dignitatem 
 senatoriam (or simply, ad senatiim) pcr- 
 venire : v. senate, parliament, etc 
 VII. In riding : P h r. : to have a 
 good s., in equo (bene) haerere: equo 
 bene uti, Cic. Deiot 10, 28 : cf. Hor. Od. 
 }. 24. 5!- 
 
 seat ("•) ■■ as V. reflei-t. to t. oneself: 
 Bgdeo (to be seated) ; insTdeo (to ». one- 
 self on or upon): assido (to s. oneself 
 by or next to) : v. to sit ; and comp. 
 seat, subs. (II.). See also folL art. 
 
 seated (/*«''■ and a</;.): 1. situs 
 (placed somen here ; also, centred in, 
 dependant on) : all the power is s. in 
 you, potestas omnis in vobis s. est, Clc. 
 Mur. j8, extr. : v. situated. 2. 
 di^eply s., in vfeteratus (nf long standing) : 
 Cic. I'h. 5, II, extr. (inveteratum malum, 
 opp. nascens). To be or become deeply 
 s. : (1.) inveterasco, avi, j : Caes. B. G. 
 5, 41 (ut banc inveterasicere consnetu- 
 dinem nollnt). (2.) Inhaereo, baesi, 
 sum, 2 (to he fii-mly rooted) : to be 
 deeply s. (rooted) in nature. In renim 
 Datura inh., based on Cic. de Or. 2, J9, 
 i6j. (Cf. Lucr. I, 77, alte temiinua 
 haerens, of the deeply s., unalterable 
 laws of nature.) 
 
 secant; *seoans, mis,/..- as irath 
 t. t. 
 
 secede: sgcsdo, ssi, ssum, j : SalLC. 
 ;; (plebes armaia a patribus secessit): 
 Liv. 
 
 seceder : expr. by verb : v. preced. 
 an. 
 
 secession : sece?#i(i : esp. with ref. 
 to the s.s of the plebs in Roman history : 
 Liv. 2, 52 (in Aventinum s. lactam esse): 
 Cic. : Caes. 
 
 seclude : 1. sfcludo, j :• v. to 
 
 shut off. 2. at)do, didi, ditiim, j: 
 ct. Cic. Fam. 7, 28 (se in bililiothecam 
 alxlere): v. to hide. 3. «l>sirOdo. si, 
 sum, J: with pron. refl.=-toput one- 
 self out of the way: Cic AtU 12, 1? 
 (quum me in silvam absirusi densam 
 atque asporam). 
 
 secluded (part, adj.) : 1. sScrf- 
 tns : to seek s. spots, s. peterc loca, Hor. 
 A. P. 298 : a s. forest, s. silva, Ov. M. 7, 
 75: Sen.: v. private, skciset. Sec also 
 SECLUSION. 2. .•^(•clil-us (less freq.); 
 a S. grure, s. nennis. Virp. Aen. 6, 704. 
 3. solus, solitarius: v. lovelv, 
 soi.rTAKY. A s. Sfiot or fCfne, solitude . 
 v. SECLUSION. 4. ri^m6tus(oH< o^ fAc 
 way, retired, sequestt red) . a f. part o; 
 a house, r. jvirs domus, Ov. M. 6. 6?8 
 (= penetralial : in a t., healthy, de 
 light/ill. ni-ighlotirhood. r., saliibri, am 
 oeno lciLi.,ric. Earn. 7, 20: Hor. Join 
 bilvesiria ac r. loca, Caes. B G. ■}, i 
 1«7
 
 SECLUSION 
 
 SECRET 
 
 SECRETARIATE 
 
 5. avius (out of the nay ; un- 
 frequented : chiefly poet.) : v. path- 
 less. 
 
 seclusion : 1. secretum {neut. of 
 adj. secretus : cf. preced. art.) ■ to love s., 
 secreto gaudere, Quint. lo, 7, 16: Pliii. : 
 V. PBiVAcy. 2. solUudu (opp. to cele- 
 britas : the latter denoting places or 
 tcenes much resorted to) : in this s. 1 am. 
 deprived of all amverse with myfelloir- 
 creatures, in hac s. careo omnium collo- 
 quio, Cic. Att. 12, 15 : v. solitldk. 
 3. expr. by locus rfinioius, solus, 
 secretus; v. seclcded, pkivatb. 
 
 second (a^i) ■■ 1. secundus : ^jcim 
 In tig. sense : (the hero Ajax) s. to 
 Achilles, ab Achille s., Hur. S. 1, j, 19} 
 
 ns : V. iNFEWOB. 4. posterior, us (of 
 inferior importance) : Cic. Att. 10. 4 
 (quorum utrique semper p.itnae salus 
 ei dignitas posterior sua dominatione 
 
 tuit, i.e. ivas looked upon by them 
 
 as of s. importatvx). 5. converting 
 the sentence, expr. by antiquior, us = 
 of higher, or in superl. of paramount 
 importance : cf. Cic. Div. 2, ^7, 78, anti- 
 quiorem ei fuisse laudem et gloriam 
 quam regnum, i. e. his throne was a s. 
 matter to him compared with his re- 
 nown. Phr. : to hold one thing to be 
 of s. importance, posthabere aliquid 
 alicui rei : v. to fkekkr. 
 
 secondarily: •secundo gradu, or- 
 dine, genere. 
 
 seconder : of a proposal, auctor. 
 
 See 
 
 Auct. B. Alex, (in Cic. Fin. j, 16, 52, 
 
 occurs, ad regium priiicipatum s. ; but j suasur : v. adviser, supporteb. 
 
 this is on accuunt of the proxime ac- also to second (II.). 
 
 cedere, immediately preceding) : to take 1 
 
 a s. part, s. (sc. partes) ferre, Hor. S. i 
 9, 46 (cf. Cic. Div. Verr. 15, 48, ille qui 
 eat secundarum aut tertiarum partium) : 
 s. partes agere, Orell. in loco (nearly =; 
 colloq. phr. to play s. fiddle to any one). 
 For the s. time, secundum (rare) : Liv. 
 7, J (Cn. Geiiucius, L. Aemilio Mamer- 
 cinosecundum fusu. iterura] consulibus) ; 
 and serundo (also very rare), Auct. B. 
 Alex. 40 (Fontica legio quum fus«am cir- 
 cumire secundo [= iterumj conata esset). 
 Soldiers of the s. legion, Secundani, Liv. : 
 Tac. 2. in enumerations, alter, era, 
 6rum : cf. Cic. Verr. 2, i, 7, 20, primo die 
 
 secondly : delude, turn (rarely) s6c- 
 
 undo : V. second, adj 
 
 seconds : an inferior kind of bread : 
 cibarius panis (" households "), Cic. Tiisc. 
 3, 54, 97 ; also, secundarius paiiis. Suet. 
 Aug. 76 ; and panis secundus, Hor. Ep. 
 2, I, 12}. .S. flour, farina secundaria 
 (Forcell.). 
 
 second-sight : * visus secundus (qui 
 diciuir); visus quidani interior vel se- 
 cundus (qui perhibetur), qualis vatum 
 esse crediiur. 
 
 secrecy: I. I'rivatenessofpl-ace: 
 secretum : v. pbivacv. ||, Keeping 
 a thing secret : expr. by circuml. : nhen 
 
 alter dies... tertius dies. . . reliquis [ aJl had taken the oath of s., *qunm 
 diebus. Even with other ordinals: on\ omnes se Jurejurando obslrinxissent ne 
 
 the tirenty-s. day, altero vicesimo die, 
 Cic. Fam. 12, 25 : as. Hanvibat, a. Han 
 nlbal, cf. Liv. 21, 10, mtd. : use is s. 
 nature, usus est altera natura, Prov. 
 Fig. : ranking s. to, alter ab aliquo, 
 Virg. E. 5, 49. I'hr. ./or the s. time, 
 itgrum (v. supr. 1): in the s. place, 
 deinde, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, s8, prinium 
 ... delude... delude: also, prinium. .. 
 turn... deinde..., id. Fin. 5. 2j, 65 (se- 
 cundo, in this sense, very rare; and 
 barely classical : it occurs, however, 
 Varr. in Non. 149. 1?) : s. thoughts are, 
 it is said, apt to be the uiser, posteriores 
 enim cogitationes (ut aiunt) solent sa- 
 pienliores esse, Cic. Ph. 12, 2, 5. 
 
 second (subs.) .• |. in a duel : 
 perh. auctor ( promoter, supporter, 
 backer): cf. Smiih's Lat. Diet. s. v. No. 
 VU. II. Of time. perh. momentum 
 (temporis) : v. MOMENT. More precisely, 
 * horae partis sexagesimae sexagesiraa 
 pars. 
 
 second (^' ) •■ \. To promote, fur- 
 ther, aid : adjiivo, jiivo, i : v. to aid, 
 etc. Sometimes, subministrare (to keep 
 supplying any one with anything) may 
 serve : to s. with money, arvis, provi 
 
 rem vulgarfnt, expromerent, enuntia- 
 rent ; fidem dedisseiit se rem occultam 
 babituros : v. srckk.t. (N.B. — In Ter. 
 Andr. i, i, 7, taciturnitas has its usual 
 foice = disposition to hold one's tongue.) 
 secret (adj.) .- |. Of places ; se- 
 cluded : apart from meii : 1. occultus : 
 in s. places, o. locis (opp. in foro), PI. 
 Cure. 4, 2, 21 : s. paths, o. calles, Virg. 
 Aen. 9, j8j. 2. secretus: v. private 
 (11.). 3. abditus (/lidtien, out of the 
 way) : to search the s. parts of the 
 earth, abdita terrai scrutari, Lucr. 6, 
 809: more treq. in sense (11.): v. infr. 
 4. rgmotus (out of the nay, retired, 
 sequestered) : s. part of a house, r. pars 
 domus, Ov. M. 6, 6j8 (= penetralia): 
 V. retired, sequestered. II. A'ot seen 
 or knoum : 1. occultns (most gen. 
 term) : to briny the most s. things to 
 light, res occullissimas aperire, in In- 
 cemque proferre, Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 62. 
 Join : [res] occultae et penitus ab- 
 ditae, id. N. I), i, 19, 49 : occultus atque 
 tectus, id. R. Am. }6. 2. secretus 
 (not so in Cic.) : s. lusts, s. libidines, 
 Tac. A.I, A, fin. (in same sense, arcanae 
 1., Suet. Tib. 4}) : Ov. • Lucan. 3. ar 
 
 simts, pecuniam, tela, frumentum alicui canus (esp. of that vhich is of a nature 
 subministrare (v. to supply): a\so to demand secrecy ; confidential, myste- 
 sometimes, secundas ferre, secundas riou^s, or sacred) : anything s. or sacred, 
 partes agere (to act a subordinate part (si) quid arcani sanctive. Liv. 2j, 22, 
 for tfie advantage of another) : v. se- \ med. : s. designs, a. consilia, Eiv. }$, 18, 
 COND, adj. (I). (Hardly secundare, j imt. (cf consilia interiora, Nep. Hann. 
 which, however, occurs in kindred sense, j 2) : Cic. 4. abditus (hidden, not out- 
 Virg. Aen. 7, 259, di nostra incepta I wardly traceable, abstruse) : a s. force 
 secundent, i. e. render them successful.) (in nature), vis quaedam a., Lucr. 5, 
 II. To support a motion: perh. in ; I2J! : Cic: v. supr. (1). 6. conditus, 
 
 seiitentiam alicujiis dicere ; sententiae 
 aliciyus auctorem (suasorem) fieri : cf. 
 Sail. Cat. 56. 
 
 -hand : Phr.: s. clothes or 
 
 wares, scriita, oruni, Hor. Ep. i, 7, 6; : 
 
 abscondiuis : v. hidden. 6. tectus (of 
 that uhich dofs not show itself openly ; 
 opp. to outspoken, frank, plain): cf. 
 Cic. R. Am. j6, 104, paulo occultior et 
 tectior cupiditas (^veiled by hypocrisy) 
 
 a dealer in them, scrutarius, Lucil. in j v. reserved (II.). 7. esp. of voting: 
 
 Cell. J. 14, med.: s. books, *librl jam 
 usu triti, libri de secunda manu (qui 
 dicuntur) empti to retail s. jokex, *fa- 
 cetias minus novas atque aliunde sump- 
 tas venditare. 
 
 -rate : sgcundanus. sgcundus, 
 
 Inferior : v. secondary, inferior. A s. 
 intellect, secundae sortis Ingenium, Sen. 
 Ep. 52, 2 ; also, secundae classis, ace. 
 to anal, of Cic. Ac. 2, 2J, 7? (cum illo 
 coUati, quintae classis videntur). 
 
 secondary: 1. sfcundarius (of 
 second quality or importance) : Cic. Inv. 
 2, 7, 24 (vi-here the word ranks after 
 caput, i.e. the chief or main thing to be 
 aimed at). 2. sgcundus (inferior, 
 
 tecond-rate) : Sen. : Flor. 3. inferior. 
 7l8 
 
 taciius: «. voting, t. suffragia, Plin. Ep 
 },2o,7. Phr.. in secret, to keep secret : 
 V. lull. artt. Ill, Furtive, clandestine : 
 1. clandestinus (underhand) : s. con- 
 ferences with the enemy, c. coUoquia 
 cum hostibus, Cic. Sen. 12, 40 : .■!. schemes, 
 c. consilia (quite different from arcana 
 consilia, v. supr. II. 3) : Caes. B. G. 7, i, 
 med.: Liv. 2. furtlvus (lit. stolen; 
 hence, done by stealth, uidaufully and 
 secretly enjoyed) ; s. love, f. amor, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 171 ; s. irriting (on the head nf 
 the slave of Histiarus), f. scriptum, GelL 
 
 17, (),fin. : V. STOLEN, STEALTHY. |V, 
 
 In special sense ; secret uriting or cha- 
 racters • nQtae, arum ; Suet. Caes. ;6 (per 
 notiis .scribere. in cipher) : they invented 
 
 this kind of s. writing, banc scribendi 
 latebram parabant, Gell. 17, 9 ■ cf ib. 
 ad fin., profunda quaedam el inopina- 
 bilis scribendi latebra. 
 
 secret, in : 1. clami (unobserved 
 of others) : not to deliver up property 
 entrusted to one in s., c. deposiium non 
 reddere, Cic. Tusc. j, 8, 17 : Caes. Dimin. 
 clanculum, PI. : Ter. 2. secreto : v. 
 PRIVATELY. 3. arbitris remotis (with- 
 out eye-ivitnesses) : v. privately (Phr.). 
 See also secretly. 
 
 , be or lie : lateo, ui, 2 : v. 
 
 HIDDEN. 
 
 , keep : celo, occulto, etc : v. 
 
 TOCONCEAL Phr.: to keep anything s., 
 aliquid occultum tenere. Sail. Cat. 2j: 
 in occulio tenere, Tac. A. j, 18, extr.: 
 also, in slightly diff. sense, taciturn 
 tenere (to kej-p a thing to oneself, not to 
 talk about it), Cic. de Or. j, 17, 64 : still 
 again different, cuntinere (to withhold 
 knoivledge instead of giving it to the 
 world, proferre), ib. I, 47, 206 : to be 
 kept s. (in addition to pass, of above), 
 clam esse : the matter could net be kept 
 s., nee id clam esse potuit, Liv. 5, j6, 
 med. : Ter. : in which constr. clam may 
 also be used as piep. : the circumstarwe 
 was kept s.from herfaVier, ea res clam 
 patre tuit, Gell. 2, 2{, ad fin. 
 
 secret (subs.) : l. Ves arcana, and 
 in pi., arcana, oium (of mysterious or 
 confidential secrets: v. secret, adj. II. 
 3) : s.s of the fates, latorum arcana, 
 Ov. M. 2, 6 59: Hor. The neut. sing. 
 may also be used (In oblique cases): 
 cf Hur. Od. I, 18, extr., arcanique fides 
 prudiga = of what is secret, collect, of 
 secrets. 2. res occulta; n.j)Z. occulta 
 (applicable to anything hidden or not 
 generally known) : Cic. Kin. 2, 26, fin., 
 quiciim joca, seria; quicum arcana, oc- 
 culta omnia [cunimunices]. 3. com- 
 missum (rare in sing. : a s. entrusted to 
 any one to keep) : to keep s.s, c. celare, 
 Nep. Epam. j : tacere, Hor. S. i, 4, 84. 
 tegere, id. Kp. i, 18, }8 : opp. to c. enun- 
 liare (to reveal s.s), Cic. Tusc. 2, ij, 31. 
 Phr.: to keep anything a s., aliquid 
 occultum tenere, etc. (v. preced. art.) : 
 it is no s. to me, non me fugit, Cic. Att. 
 12,42: also (later), non me latet. Just. 
 ij, 8 (res Eumenem non latuit) : /tell 
 you this as a s., hoc tibi soli dictum 
 puta; haec tu tecum habeto; hoc tibi 
 in aurem dixerim ; hoc lapidi dixerim 
 (Georg.) : tell me — the s. will be safe, 
 [rem] depone tutis auribus, Hor. Od. i, 
 27, 18 : so, of a person I'Ao cannot keep 
 a s., riniosae aures (leaky ears), id. S. 
 2, 6, 47 (quae rimosa bene deponuntur 
 in aure) : cf. Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 2;, plenus 
 rimarum sum, hac atque illuc perfluo 
 (/ can keep nothing a s.) : the matter is 
 no longer a s., res palam est, PI. Aul. 4, 
 10, 2 (4, 9, 18) ; jam res emanavit (v. 
 TO GET abroad) : he makes no s. of it, 
 neque id occulle fert, Ter. Ad. j, 2, jo: 
 in the s. (party to it), conscius : cf. Sail. 
 Cat. 22, alius alii taciti facinoris conscii 
 (being all alike in the guilty s.) : many 
 being in the s., niultis consciis, Nep. 
 Dion 8 (v. PARTY to). 
 
 secretary: I. A person employed 
 confidentially as a ivriter : \. scriba 
 (any kind of clerk or writer : denoting 
 at Rome a class of inferior officials, but 
 elsewhere, esp. with kings, an office of 
 trust) : he (Fhilip) employed him as hi* 
 s., [ad manum] habuit eum scribae loco, 
 Nep. Eum. i (see the place) : cf Liv. 2, 
 12, med., scriba cum rege [Porsena] 
 sedens pari fere ornatu : Plin. 2. 
 
 servus ad manum (amanuensis) : Cic. 
 de Or. }, 60, 225 ; also, a manu servus, 
 SueL Caes. 75. And without servus: 
 Thallo a manu, id. Aug. 67. ||. A 
 minister of state : Phr.: s. of state for 
 the war department, colonies, etc., * qui 
 rebus bellicis praeest, qui coloniis (ad- 
 ministrandis) praef^t s. praepositus est, 
 etc. (Not secretarius, which is a word 
 quite without classical authority.) 
 secretaryship) scnbatus, us (office 
 secretariate ) of scriba : v. preced. 
 art.) ; Cod. Just, 7, 62, 4. Or by circumL, 
 he vas appointed to a s.. scriba factiu
 
 SECRETE 
 
 SECURITY 
 
 SEDGE 
 
 est; si-ribac oflScio praepositus est: cf. 
 Nep. Kuni. i. 
 
 secrete: I To hide-, abdo, ab- 
 
 scondo, elc. : v. to HiDK. ||. Physiul. 
 t. t. ; to separate : perh. •s<-creto, i 
 (freq. of seccrno); which, though with- 
 out authority, seems necessary as 1. 1. : 
 or simply, secemo : v. to separate. 
 
 secretion : \.The act of secreting : 
 expr. by verbs: v. preod. art. ||. 
 
 Physiol, t. t. : that uhich is secreted: 
 perh. *s5crementum (ace. to anal, of 
 excrenienlum, which denotes vhatever 
 is given off fr<rm. Out body, as oidare, 
 Spittle, mticuf); which, though without 
 authority. s(eni> nec-ssary as t. t. 
 
 secretly : 1. occulte ; opp. aperte, 
 Cic. Art. i, init. : as I. as possible, 
 quam occultis.-imp, Caes. .loin: clam 
 occulteque, I'lin. (Riire form.-;, occulto, 
 occultim : to be avoided.) 2. clam, 
 clanculiim: v. si;cket, in. 3. sgcreto 
 {separately, privatelii') : opp. to palam 
 (of voting secretly, by ballot QGr. KfivP- 
 Sriv] instead of openly): Plin. Kp. ?, 
 20, 8: S<'n. Ben. 2, 2j. 4. furtini 
 {stealthily) : Cic. : Hor. : v. stkalth, 
 STEALTHILT. 5, 'ess freq. in same 
 sense, furtive: Sen Ben. 2, 2J (furtive, 
 in an^ulo, ad aurem, ihe last, of one 
 whisperitig in Vu ear of another) : cf. 
 ib. paulo ivfr., where the same sense is 
 conveyed by remotis arbitris (without 
 an eye-wHnes$). 6. clandestlno (extr. 
 rare) I'l. 
 
 secretness : expr. by a/Jj. .- v. 
 
 SECRKT. 
 
 secretory : *secretorius, as med. 1. 1. 
 
 sect: secta, f&milia, schdla: v. 
 SCHOOL (11). 
 
 sectarian : nimius sectae suae fau- 
 tor; nimiiini siiuliosus sectae suae, etc. 
 
 sectarianism : sectae (partium) 
 
 StUdium : V. l-AUTISANSHIP. 
 
 sectary: *qui aliquam sectam pro- 
 fitetur. 
 
 section: I. Division: pars: v. 
 
 PART. One s another s alii 
 
 .... alii (alteri alteri .... of two 
 
 sections only). ||. Of a clvapter or 
 book: *secti(): as t. t. : M. L. pass. 
 Ill, In geora., act of tutting : sectio: 
 Quint. I, 10, 49. 
 
 sector : "sector : as math, t t. 
 
 secular: I. Relating to a seculiim 
 or age : secularis (saec.) : esp. in phr. 
 t. games, ludi s.. Suet. Aug. ji : Tar. 
 II. Relating to present world : by 
 circuml. : s. affairs, *quae ad banc 
 quotidianam hominum vitam pertinent, 
 quae ab rebus erclesinsticis secnta sunt ; 
 quae cum rebus divinis nullam rationpni 
 habent. (Sometimes prSfanus, not con- 
 secrated to the gods, may serve ; cf. Cic. 
 Part. 10. eztr., lo<i consecrati an profani, 
 devoted to sacred or s. purpose}: : s. Uarn- 
 ing, *Iitterae profanae, quas dicunt ) 
 
 secularist: the Secularists, 'Secu- 
 lares. qui appellantur; qui divina omnia 
 toUunt. 
 
 secularize : Ph r. <o s. the reivnues 
 of a Chuirh, *ec(lesiae fructus ad usus 
 vitae quotidianos [ad usus pro%iios] 
 revocare : to s. a tmilding, [aedificii] 
 religionem tollere, Cic. At'. 4, i, ad fn. : 
 cf. Auc. l)(im. ?9, ir4, ex domo pon- 
 tificis maxiini religionem eripiiit: or 
 profanare (usu. rather to desecrate): 
 cf. Liv. }i, 44. med. : to s. education, 
 *publicam pm-rorum institutiouem ab 
 religione devocare. 
 
 secure (.adj.) : |. Free from care : 
 seciirus : v. carklkss, u^(X)^■^KH^■Fl>. 
 II. Safe : tutus, (later) securus : v. 
 SAFE. III. I'ertain to be obtained: 
 tiitus: as.reivard, t. merces, Hor. Od. 
 J, 2, 25 : 90, tutum diadi>nia. ib. 2, 2. 21. 
 
 secure ("•) •■ I. To make safe, pit 
 out of danger: 1. munio, 4 (lit. to 
 fortify) : to s. (a place) by guards. 
 (locum) praesidiis m., Cic. Cat, i. 4. 8 : 
 to s. ove's jioirer (from plots, e^ .). 
 impfrium ni., Nep. R<g. 2 . to s. imesrlf 
 against fraud, muniri contra frauiles, 
 Plln. }■;, 15, 76. Also, praemunio, 4 
 {to s. oxeself beforehand) ; to s. oneselj 
 by antid/ites from fear of poison, metu 
 Tenenorum pra«muiuri medicamentis. 
 
 Suet. Cal. 29. 2. fiiniij. ti.nlirmo, I 
 (to strengthen) : freq. as niilit. term: 
 to s. a place by strong Jortifnat'ons, 
 loium magiiis munitioiiibus Hrmare, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 29: v. to sibkngthrs. 
 3. expr. by circumL with tiitus, 
 tutior : (this he did) to s. himself from 
 conspirators, 'quo tutior ab irisidian- 
 tlbiis fii-ret: I must endeavour to s. my 
 fi iKiid's interest, amicl res pst Wdenduni 
 ul in tutii collocetur, Ter. Heaut. 4. j, 
 ti: V. SAFK. II, lb apprehend: com- 
 prehi'ndo, j : v. to skizk, AitRi-iT. 
 
 securely : I. without danger : 
 
 safely : 1. tato (in a safe place ; in 
 snfetii) : to fight s., dimicare t, Caes. 
 B. G. J, 24, init. : to stand more s. in 
 the shallow water, tutius In vadis coii- 
 slsiere, ib. }, i}, fm. 2. tute (in a 
 safe manner ; with safety) : he uho 
 liivs honestly, lives s., euni t. vivere, 
 qui honeste vivat. Auct. Her. }, 5,9: s. 
 and cautiously, t. Ciiuteque, ib. ;, 7, I?. 
 3, seciire (rare and late in this 
 sense) : to look out uptm more s. (i. e. 
 with less danger to oneself) : seciirius 
 Intueri, Plin. Kp. 2, 17, } 6. (N.B.— 
 Aviiid this use.) 4. expr. by culj. 
 tutus : thou wilt go most s. in the middle 
 course, medio tutissimus ibis, Ov. M. 2, 
 157: I.. <J. $}4J- II. With that con- 
 fidence of safety uhich t/egets careless- 
 ness ; rashly : 1. seciire : s. and 
 almost heedlessly, s. ac prope negli- 
 ?enter, Plin. Kp. i, 4, fm. : calmly and 
 s., lente ac s.. Suet. Ner. 40,./i7i. : Veil. 
 2. ncgllgenter, indillgent^r: v. care- 
 lessly. 3. tgmgre : v. bashlv, heed- 
 lessly. 4. incoiisidgrate : v. care- 
 lessly. 
 
 secureness : ) I. Frefdmi from 
 
 security: S danger: 1. salus: 
 the s. of states is placed in the counsels 
 tf the best men, in optimorum consiliis 
 posita est civitatium s., Cic. Rep. i, 14, 
 init.: v. safety. 2. incOlumitaS: 
 
 to retain s. and freeilom., incoluinitatem 
 ac libertatem retinere, id. Jnv. 2, 56, 
 168 : v. .safety. 3, securitas (late 
 in this sense) : whilst the signs of death 
 ore innumerable, there are none of 
 safety and s., cum innumerabilia sint 
 mortis signa, s;ilutis s.qu*" nulla sunt. 
 Plin. 7, 5 1, 52 : the guardian of the s. of 
 the city, s. urbanae custos, V'ell. 2, 98, 
 init. : the s. of tlw supply of com, an- 
 noiiae s., Ta'c. A. 15, 18, init. \\. 
 Freedom from anxiety : seciritas: Veil. 
 2, 118 (frequentis-iimum initium esse 
 calamitatis securitatem) : Quint. |||. 
 That uhich guards from danger or in- 
 sures safety: 1, praesidiura : neitter 
 armies nor treasures are the s. of a 
 kingdom, but friends alone, non exer- 
 cltus neque thesauri praesidia regni 
 sunt, verum amici. Salt B. J. 10, med. : 
 
 T. GUARD; DEFENCE. 2. propUCTla- 
 
 culuni (lit a bulwark : fig., any defence 
 or proteition) : the Aelian and Fufian 
 laus, ttte s.s of our peace, lex Aelia et 
 Fufia pr. tranqiiilliiatls. Cic. Pis. 4, 9: 
 S.S of tyranny, tyraniiidis p., Nep. 
 Timol. J, med.: v. safeguard. |V. 
 Pledge; guarantee to secure the pay- 
 ment nf a debt, etc. : 1. cautio (the 
 most general word) : ireak s.s, c. iti- 
 firmae, Cic. Fani. 7, 18, init. : to offer s., 
 cautiomm proferre, Sen. Ben. j, ';,extr. ■ 
 to give s., c. cavere, Venul. Pig 46. 8. 
 6: also c. offerre, Papin. ib. 40, 4, ;o : 
 and c. int<-rponere, .Fulian. ib. 44. i, 11 : 
 to ilemand s. from any one, ab aliqiio c. 
 exigere,.Suet. Aug. 98, 7n«J. 2. M'ltis- 
 datlo, or separately, ^atls diitio (giving 
 of ball or other security legal term): 
 there are some s.s after tlie sale, sunt 
 aliquot satisdatlones secundum nianci- 
 pium, Cic. Att. 5, i, init. 3. plffius. 
 Oris. n. (a plalge of any kind) : to 
 accept any one's prnperly os a s., rem 
 allcujus pignori accipere, Tav. H. j, 6;, 
 med. : to gii-e s. for any one, pignorlbus 
 alicui cavere. Ulp. I>ig. 4!. i, 2: to 
 take away the s. (i. e. the s. given by 
 setiators for their Jines), p. auferre, Cic. 
 de Or. }, 1, 4 ■ to take s.s, pigiiora capere, 
 Llv. }, J8, /in. 4. secui1ta« (mer- 
 canU t): Ulp. IMg. 27, 4, 1. .in.: v. 
 
 ucarvntee. 5. vadiniuiiiuui . v. 
 
 BAIL. 6. sponslo : v. bail. To give 
 s. : caveo, cavi. cautum, 2 ; the states 
 give s. with htjftages fi/r the payment of 
 the money, dvit<t<-...ubsidibiisdepecunia 
 oaveiit, Caes. B. G. 6, 2, init. : to yive t. 
 with one's life for anyOiing, c. caplte 
 pro re aliqua, I'lin. 54 7, 17: to give s. 
 for t" ice tfi- amount, c. iaduplum.Suet. 
 Aug. 41, init. To get e. : iSveo, 2: / 
 wiU not dischaige the ileJi fur you, 
 Hrutus, unless I first net s.fiom you, 
 tibi ego, Brut«', non »olvani, nisi prius a 
 te caveo, Cic. BriiU s, 18: cf. id. Verr. 
 2. 2}, ;5(absese caveat). To lal.e,give, 
 ask, offer, etc., s. : expr. by sStis with 
 the following verbs, aalplo. cave^j, do, 
 exigo, p?t'i, offf-ro: to take i.. s. accl- 
 pere, Id. Quint. 11, 44: Pomp. I)ig. 45, 
 1,4: to give s.. s. cavere, Paul. I»ig. "! 
 1,60; s. d.ir>' (also us one word, satisdoX 
 Cic. Quint, i ?, 44: id. Att. J, l, init. (de 
 satisdando) Gai. IMg. 2, 8, I : to ask », 
 s. exigere, Paul. lilg. 26, 7, 45, /n. : to 
 offers.. Ulp. Ib. 26, 10, 5; >. s. petere, 
 ill. ib. ?6, 4, }. V. (me who giies s. : 
 a surety: 1. vas vadis, m. (in gen. 
 sense) : he who pn/mised bail f</r an- 
 other man was calleil a t., v. appellatus, 
 qui pro altero vadimoniuni promittebat, 
 Varr. L. L. 6, 7, 71 : the me [lianum) 
 became a s., alter (I)amon) v. factus est, 
 Cic. Otf. J, 10, 4? : tlioa uilt gi^^ thyself 
 as a s. in the place (fa friend, id. Kin. 
 2. 24, 79: cf. l.,iv. 59, 41, /in. (aut vades 
 deseruerant). 2. praes, pniedis, m. 
 (one who gives s. for another in a civH 
 action, as opp. to vas which denotes a 
 surety in general: v. Diet. Ant. 954): 
 to be s.for any one, p. pro aliquo ea*. 
 Cic. Att. 12, 52, init. : to give sj., 
 praedes dare, id. Rab. I'ost. 4, 8: cf. id. 
 Verr. 2. i, 54, 142 (cavere populo proe- 
 dibus ac praediis). 3. sponsor: be- 
 cause you are I'ompey's s., quod s. es pro 
 Pompelo, id. Fam. 6, 18, med.: the SJ 
 and creditors of L. Trehellius, s. et cre- 
 ditores L. Tre'bellii, id. Phil. 6, 4, 11: 
 Prov. Cons. 18, 4(. 4. fidejussor 
 
 (only u.'ied by the legal writer Justin.): 
 cf. Justin. Inst, j, 20: Dig. 27, 7. 
 
 sedan : leclica: v. litter. 
 
 sedate: 1. temperatus (a term 
 
 implying praisi-) : she has such a s. and 
 moderate character, est ita temperatis 
 moderati..j^liie nioribus, Cic. Kam. 12, 27, 
 med. : a calm and s. kind of speech, 
 aequabile el t. orati>aiis genus, id. Off. I, 
 I, ? : cf id. Or. 2T, 9; (oratio modica ac 
 t>niperata). 2. sfd.'itus (ca'm. quiet: 
 not necessarily implying prai=e): hasty 
 men hate a s. man, odiTunt s. celeres, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 18, 90: to write vith a more 
 s. mind, scribere sedatiore animo, Cic 
 Att. 8, ?, fin. 
 
 sedately: sedate, plaildS, quiete: 
 V. cAnu.v, yriEri.Y. 
 
 sedateness: 1. grfivitas (opp. to 
 
 IfviUis, niubilitas): there was in that 
 man a s. mingled nith courttsy, erat in 
 illo viro con.itate rondita g.. Cic. de Sen. 
 4, 10: pleasant humour mingled u-ilA 
 s., gravitate mixtus hp<«s, id. K'-p. 2. I, 
 init. 2, niores tcmpfriiii rrfiderali- 
 que: l.omia has such a *. of chiiracter, 
 Liiniia est ila temp rails niod»Tatisque 
 morlbus. Id. Kani. 1:, :7, m"/. 
 
 sedative (subs.): a medical term: 
 
 1. mitigalorius (very nire) : cf. 
 
 Plln. 28. 6, 17. 2. e.\pr. by drd. 
 
 with d51orem sedare, conip«>8cSre (R. 
 
 and A.). 
 
 sedentariness: expr. by adj.: v. 
 'oil. an. 
 
 sedentary : 1. stVl^ntarius (r«- 
 till r rare) : a s. cmploi/m nt, s. opera, 
 Od. 12, }, ad fin.: t. cobblers, sntores 
 s., PI. Aul. }.'?. 19. 2. sellularius 
 (a term applied to a mechanic whose 
 work is done in a silling fiosturr): s. 
 occupations or /ra'i-f. iiii.H<.stu< s . Gell. 
 ?, i: s. arts, art.-s s.. Apiil. Phr.: to 
 lend a s. life, vitmi seilenlariam airere 
 (Kr.>. (N.B. — iKJnilsMa Is a term 
 appliid 'o a woman, v. OrelL Inser. 
 
 46 iq') 
 
 sedge (^<d'S.) : ulva . theyvxareropts 
 out of s. and rushes for weoi-ing fsh- 
 
 7'9
 
 SEDGE-BIRD 
 
 S EDUL.OUS 
 
 SEE 
 
 nets, ulri et junco funes nectunt ad 
 praetexenda piscibus retia, Pliii. i6, i. i : 
 Col. Virg. (S.B— Sedge cannot cor- 
 rectly be translated by carex v carex, 
 in Smiths Lat. Diet.) 
 
 sedge-bird: ) *caia.m5d>'ta phrag- 
 
 warbler:) mitis: Wood. 
 
 sedgy : amndineus, arundinosus, ul- 
 v5sus(late) v beedy 
 
 sediment; 1. faex, faecis,/..- the 
 weight of the world sank down like a s., 
 pondus niundi subsedit ut f., Lucr ;, 
 4q8 . the s. of mnegar, aceti f., Plin. 28, 
 l6, 62. 2. crassamentum : some s. like 
 dregs of iikne is found at the bottom, 
 aliquod c. in imo simile faec; reperitur, 
 Col 12, 12, init. 3. sedlmen (very 
 rare and late) Coel. Aur. 4. s6di- 
 mentum (very rare) Plin.: v. dregs. 
 5. iubsidentia • the s. of water, 
 «quae s., Vitr. 8, j, med. : to deposit a s., 
 dabere quaedam s., Cels. j, 5,. /in. 6. 
 expr. by quod residet, subsidit: Plin. 
 Ti, 6, iq (in iirina quod subsidit): cf. 
 ib.paull. injr. (quae subsidunt). 
 
 sedition; 1. sedilio (the most 
 gen. word) : to stir up s., s. concitare, 
 Cic. Mur. J9, 8? : s. commovere, id. Alt. 
 2, I, med. : s. movere, Veil. 2, 68, init. : 
 the s. breaks out again, s. recrudescit, 
 lAv. 6, 18, init: to suppi'ess a s., s. se- 
 dare, Cic. Rep i, ii,fin.: s. lenire, Liv. 
 6, 16, fin.: the s. dies auay, s. conti- 
 cescit, Liv. 2, 5;, fin. 2. motus, us, 
 m. (a sudden rising for a jyAitical pur- 
 pose) : to prevent all the s.s of Cati- 
 line, omnes Caiilinae ra. prohibere, Cic. 
 Cat. 2, 12, 26: to cause a s., ni. afferre, 
 
 ib. 2, 2, 4. 3. tuniultllS : V. REVOLT, 
 
 iNSUKRECxroN. 4. rebelUum, r6- 
 
 bellio, rebellatio ■. v. rebellion 
 
 seditionary {subs.): 1. homo 
 Bcditiosus: Cic. de Or. 2, 28. 124. 2. 
 turbae ac tumultus conrilator: cf. liv. 
 25, 4,_/in. 3. sedltionis concitator ac 
 instimillator : cf. Auct. Dom. 5, 11. 
 4 n6v6rum consiliorum auctor: 
 Hirt. ■ 
 
 seditious iculj.): 1. sedltiosus: 
 to exhort young mer> to tie riotims and 
 & citizens, adhortari adolescentes, ut 
 turbulenti, ut seditiosi cives velint 
 esse, Cic. Phil, i, 9, 22: a s. and wicked 
 speech, s. atque improba oratio, Caes. 
 B. G. I, l^, init. : s. cries, s. voces, Liv. 
 6, 20, init. : to hold s. language, sedi- 
 tlosa per coetus disserere, Tac. A. j, 40, 
 fin. 2. turbiilentus (riotous) : a s. 
 citizen, civis t., Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 48 : s. 
 assemblies, contiones t., id. Att. 4, J, fin. 
 3, factiosus (ready to make a party) : 
 V. FACTIOUS. Join: seditiosus ac tur- 
 biilentus, id. Phil. I, 9, 22 . seditiosus ac 
 tumultuosus, id. Inv. i, j, 4. Phr. : 
 the Gauls are a s. people, Galli novis 
 rebus student et ad bellum mobiliter 
 celeriterque excitantur, Caes. B. G. }, 
 10. init. 
 
 seditiously : 1. sedTtiose : as- 
 semblies s. excited, s. conciones conci- 
 tatae, Cic. Clu. I, 2 : to sai/ or do any- 
 thing .<!., s. dicere aut facere, Liv. 4, 6, 
 f.n. : cf. Tae. A. J, 12, med. (turbide et 
 sediliosetractareexercitus). 2. turbii- 
 lenter s. turbulente : v. xrurcTLTuousLT. 
 
 3. turbide : Tac. (Kr.). 4. fac- 
 tiose : v. factiodslt. 
 
 seditiousness : *ingenium seditio- 
 sum ac turbuleiitum ; animus ad sedi- 
 tioiies proclivis : v. sedition, SEDiTiotis. 
 seduce ("•) -■ I. ^ entice, mislead : 
 1, ten to, I (to tamper unth) : to s. 
 the minds of the skives by hope and fear, 
 animos servorum spe et nietu t., Cic. Clu. 
 
 61, 176 : v. TO TAMPER WITH. 2. Pel- 
 
 Hcio or perliclo, lexi, lectum, 5 (to in- 
 veigle^ : he s.d the army nith presents, 
 the people, with com, etc., militem donis, 
 populum annona .... pelltxit, Tac. A. 
 
 I, 2 : V. TO ALt.l'RE, DE(:OV. 3. SoUl- 
 
 elto, I (,to tempt, to s.from allegiance): 
 to s. the slave.': (J'rom tlieir loyalty), ser- 
 vitia s.. Sail. C. 24. fin. : to s. I)y large 
 presents, ingentibus datis s., Ov. M. 6, 
 
 462 : V. Tt> TE5IFT, STIR UP. 4. COr- 
 
 rumpo, Tupi, ruptum, J i to .'. the soMiers, 
 milites c. Sail. J. J9. 5. expr. by pbr., 
 a recta via abducere (v. to mislead) ; 
 720 
 
 corruptelarum illeeebris irretire icf. Cic. 
 Cat. I, 6, Ji) ■ recto cursu depellere 
 (Hor. S. 5. 2, '58): ad nequitiara ;id- 
 ducere (Ter. Ad. j, j, 4) v to lead 
 astray, CORRUPT, etc. II. To corrupt, 
 debauch : 1. corrumpo, 5 : to s. a 
 woman : c. mulierem, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 
 2 : Suet. Caes. 50. 2. expr. by slupram, 
 with verb (constr. with cum and abl. or 
 simple dot.) : he liad s.d his sister, cum 
 sorore s, fecerat, Cic. Mil. 27, 7 j ; he s.d 
 the queen, reginae s. intulit, id. Off. 3, 
 9, J8. 
 seducement (safes.) .- v. seduction. 
 
 seducer (subs.): 1, corrupter: 
 
 love, the s. of men, amor, hominum c, 
 PI. Trin. 2, 1, 14: a s. of youth, \\iven- 
 tutis c, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7 »-..« of the wstal 
 virgins, vestalium virginum corruplores. 
 Suet. Dom. 8, fin. 2. soUicitator 
 
 (rare) cf. Paul. Dig. 47. ". ' (alienarum 
 nuptiarum soUicitator) : Sen. Coiitr. 2, 
 15, TO«d. 3- expr. by rel. clause ; 
 v. to seduce. Phr.: Avilius uas a 
 cunning s. of youth, Avilius arte quadam 
 praeditus fuit ad libidines adolescentu- | 
 lorum excitandas accommodata, Cic. 
 Clu. ij, ?6. 
 seducing ("#)•• v. seductive. 
 seduction . 1. corruptela: ! speak 
 of debaucheries, s.s, and adulteries, 
 stupra dico et corruptelas et adiilteria, 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, J5, 75 : ivell versed in s.s 
 of ivrnnen, in mulierum corruptelis 
 aptus, id. Verr. 2, 54, i ?4 : cf. id. Cat. 
 I, 6, 1 5 (quem corruptelarum illeeebris 
 irretisses). 2. ill6cgbra (attraction ; 
 allurement) : how great was the s. for 
 youth in that man, quanta in illo fuit i. 
 juventutis, ib. 2, 4, 8- v. allurement; 
 CHARM. 3. expr. by verb, Tf> seduce. 
 Phr.: what power of s., *quanta vis ad 
 alliciendos homines, etc. . arts ofs., arles 
 ad libidines adolescentulorura excitandas 
 accommodatae, id. Clu. U, 36. 
 
 seductive (adj-) •■ 1. corruptrix 
 (v. rare) : o s province, provincia c, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6. 2. expr. by circuml., 
 quo quis facile comimpi ; a virtute, ab 
 honestate, abduci ; ad prava, ad turpi- 
 tudinem, duel possil; v. to seduce, 
 mislead. (lUecebrosus, v. rare: PI.; 
 Prud. : Aram.) Phr.: ^sio is a very s. 
 country, Asia omnibus libidinura ille- 
 eebris repleta est, Liv. 34, 4, init. 
 
 seductively: no single equivalent. 
 Phr.: to speak and wnte s., * ea dicere 
 et scribere, quae audientes et legentes 
 corrumpant, (Kr.) : v. seductive (2). 
 sedulity ( 1. sedulitas(ca?e- 
 
 sedulousnessf /«' endeavour, do- 
 ing one's best) : a feigned kindness and 
 a pretended s.. ficlum officium simula- 
 taque s., Cic. Caecin. 5. 14: I can praise 
 Uie exertions and s. of Balbus, Balbl 
 operam et s. laudare possum, Ooel. in 
 Cic Fam. 8, II, TOt'ti. .Join- sedulitas 
 ac diligentia, Suet. Ualb. 12, fin. 2. 
 assiduitas (unremitting exertion) : toil 
 and s. for the stale, in rempublicam 
 labor et a , Cic. Balb. 2, 6 : v. assiduity. 
 3, industria (dose, unwearied appli- 
 cation): V. DrLiGENCE; industry. 4. 
 dlligentia (careful effort) : cf Cic. de Or. 
 2, ;5, i;o (where diligentia is made to 
 include comprehensively every kind of 
 etTort and earnest attention). 5. gna- 
 vltas .s. navitas ( promptness ! zeal) : 
 zeal and s.for the state, opera et n. in 
 rempublicam, id. Fam. 10, 2;, init. 
 
 sedulous iadj-): 1. assiduiis 
 
 (im remitting) : s. and industrious 
 uniting, a. ac diligens scriptura, Cic. 
 de Or. I, JJ, 150 : the s. care of the 
 gods, deorum a. cura, IjIv. i, 21, init. : 
 cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 41, init. (nostros assi- 
 duo labore defatigarent). 2. sedfilus 
 (doing one's utmost ; characterized by 
 attention and effort) : Cic. Br. 47, fin. 
 (see the place) : s. industry, s. industria, 
 Col. 8, 1. 3. diligens (most gen. term) : 
 passim : v. attenthe, careful. 4. 
 gnavus s. navus (active ; zealous) : a s. 
 and diligent man, homo g. et industrius, 
 Cic. Verr. ?, 21, 5J. See also diligent. 
 Phr.: to be s. in any Imsiness, * in a!i- 
 qua re acrem et industrium se praebere: 
 V, active. 
 
 sedulously; 1. sedulo {far syn. 
 v adj.) : to do am/thing s., aliquid s. 
 facere. rf, Cic. Clu. 21, 58 v diligenti.v 
 inuu.striously'. 2. assidue (with un- 
 remitting effort), industrie, dlligenter- 
 V. diligently ; carefully' j ikdus- 
 
 TRIOUSLY 
 
 see (subs) : sedes Scrr, Eccl. \ct. 
 Calv Inst. 4, 6, de primatu Romanae 
 sedis). 
 
 see (I'O : I. f^f the use of the eyes : 
 1, video, vidi, visum, 2 (most gen. 
 term) : in addition to a direct object in 
 the ace. this word is foil, by (a) ace. 
 and inf. : he saw that there was danger, 
 rem in angusto esse vidit, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 25, fin. ... (ft) rel. clause • you s. what 
 fortune attends our side, quae sit rebus 
 "fortuna, videtis, Virg. Aen. 2, 350 see'st 
 thou how Soraete ."itands . , . ., vides ut 
 .... stet Soraete . . . , Hor. Od. i, 9, 1 . 
 (c) by num = to see whether : see whether 
 he have returned, vide num redierii : cf. 
 Quint. 4, 2, 79. (Divisions b, c, are cases 
 of dependent interrogative.) Absol. bene, 
 acute, acriter, videre (to see well, keenly, 
 etc.). Cnmp. pervideo, 2 (to see clearly : 
 infreq.) : to s. clearly with the eyes, 
 oculis p.. Hnr. S. I, J, 2;. (For to see to 
 — to look after : v. see to.) 2. ^*o. 
 si, sum, } (strictly /regwent. of video : 
 to look at attentivdy ; also, to go to see) : 
 to come for the purpose of seeing (ob- 
 servi7)g), visendi causa venire, Cic. Tusc 
 5, ?, 9 : see also to visit. 3. cerno, j, 
 no perf or sup. in this sense (to distin- 
 guish with the eyes ; see distinctly) : the 
 pupil of the eye. by means of which we s., 
 aciesqua cemimus, Cic. N. D. 2. 57, 142 : 
 a great cloud of dust was seen, vis magna 
 pulveris cemebatur, Caes. B. C. 2, 26, 
 init. (N.B.— Oculis is frequently joined 
 with cerno; cf Lucr. i, 269. quod ne- 
 queunt oculis rerum priniordia cemi.) 
 
 4. aspicio, exi, ectum, j (to look at; ^ 
 used esp. in calling attention, look you): 
 the Gods s. mortals with just eyrs, 
 aspicitint oculis Superi mortalia justis, 
 Ov. M. u, 70: s. yon white, or, glitter- 
 ing sky, aspice hoc sublime candens, 
 Enn. in Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 4: v. to look at. 
 
 5. consplcio, } : v. to behold. 6. 
 prospicio, j (to see from afar) : my eyes 
 do not s ive2l, pariim prospiciunt ocuii, 
 Ter. Ph. 5, i, 8 : to s. Italy from the top 
 of a wave, Italiam summa ab unda p., 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 357 : he ss (from afar) 
 three stags roaming about the beach, 
 tres litore cervos p. errantes, ib. i, 184. 
 
 7. conspicor, i (to get a sight of ; 
 with reference to distance): Val^ius 
 saw Tarquinius in the foremost line of 
 the exiles. Valerius conspicatus Tar- 
 quinlum in prima exsulum acie, Liv. 
 2, 20, init.: they saw the enemy panic- 
 stricken, hostes perterritos conspicati, 
 Caes. B. G. 2, 27 they saw what was 
 going on in our camp, quae res in 
 nostris castris gererentur conspicati, ib. 
 2. 26. 8. specto, 5 (to go to see as a 
 spectator at a theatre, etc.) : to s. the 
 games, ludos s., Hor. S. 2, 6. 48 ■ to s. 
 the prize-fighters, pugiles s.. Suet. Aug. 
 45, init. Phr.: not to s. so well with 
 the right eye as n~ith the left, dextro 
 oculo non aeque bene uti, Nep. Han. 4: 
 not to be able to be seen (be invisible), 
 expr. by fugit (effugit) aliquid aciem. 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 22, 50 (opp. cadere in con- 
 spectum, to be capable of being seen): 
 to be able neither to s. nor to hear, 
 oculis auribusque captum esse, ib. 5, 40, 
 117: all were waiting to s. who would be 
 so, etc., pxpectantibus omnibus, quisnam 
 esset, cf. Plin. 9. 55, 58. ||. To see u-ith 
 the mind, perceive : 1. video, 2 (eithei 
 with animo expr. or not) : Tfor m v par' 
 s. the end, just as plainly as those things 
 which we discern u-ith our (bodily) eyes, 
 quem exitum ego tarn v animo, quam 
 ea quae oculis cernimus, Cic. Fam. 
 6, ?, init. : he saw that the Aedui were 
 held under the bondage of the Germans, 
 Aeduos in servitute Geniianorum teneri 
 videbat, Caes. B. G. I. Ji : to s. the bad 
 points in speaking, with greater accu- 
 racy than the good points, v. acutius 
 vitia in dicente quam recta. Cic. de Or.
 
 SEE TO 
 
 SEEK 
 
 8 EEMLT 
 
 I, 2 J, Il6. Ctrnip. pervJJeo, 2 (to s. 
 dearly: rare): M. Finn. 10,9. 2. i"; 
 tPllIgo, exi, eclum, j (/« undersla^f^, 
 become auarc) . / sawj'rom your letter 
 
 that you intellexi ex tuis litteris 
 
 te . . . . , ib. 6, 9, }. In answers, " all 
 right, I s.," may be expr, by intflligo • 
 cf. PI. Kp. 2, 2, 6; : Ter. I'll. 2. ?, 95. 
 3. porcipio, cepl, ceptum, ? ('o iniUer- 
 stavd tlioruimltly) . to s. arnithinn in 
 one's mind, aliquid ;inimo p.. Cic. de Or. 
 1, 28, 127, esp. In phr (rem) pciciptam 
 liabcru ■ V. TO pkuckivk, undkestand. 
 Aliscell. IMir. : he unirilHugly saiv 
 himself maxi- a sharer in another's 
 crime, invitus cugebatiir alieni scekiis 
 partlceps fieri, Auct. iJom. 52, 1 j; : to 
 re/use to see anything, oculos ab aliqua 
 re dejlcere, Cic. I'h. i, l, 1 : it was vith 
 very painful feelings that I saw you 
 part from n^e, perinlquo patiebar aninjo, 
 te a me digrcdl, Cic. Fam. 12, 18 : 
 already our age has seen many most 
 gloriiiiis victories. Jam multas claiis- 
 simas Tictorias aetas nostra vidii, Cir. 
 Mil. 28, "71 : O that I may s. that doy, 
 when, etc., utinam eum diem videam, 
 quum, etc., id. Att. 16, 11, i. 
 
 see to (^'O •• I. video, 2 : Ut him 
 $. to (the matter) himself, ipse viderit 
 (observe use of y erf . sulij.), Cic. Att. 12, 
 21, I . Statius has yvne on in front to s. 
 to our dinner, antecesserat Stiilius ut 
 prandiiim nobis videret, id. Att. 5, I, j. 
 Camp, provldeo, 2: v. to providk kjr. 
 2. prospicio, exi, ectuni, j (to see 
 to the interests of: with dat. of indirect 
 obj.): have regard for your on-n in- 
 terests, s. to the safety of your lather- 
 land, lonsulite vobis. prospicile patriae, 
 id. Cat. 4, 2, ?: / '"ill s. to your safety, 
 vestrae saluti prospiciam, Caes. H. G. 
 "7, 50. he thought lluit the commissariat 
 should be seen to, rei friimentariae pro- 
 ■piciendnra exisiimavit, ib. i, 25, init. 
 See also to i'Rovidi-: fob. 
 
 . go to (' •) •• 1. video, 2 (so 
 
 only in colloq. lang.) : go to s. Septimius, 
 and l.amas. and Statilius, Srptimium 
 vide et Lacnalem ft Statilium. Cic. Alt. 
 12, 14: to go to s. a man at his oion 
 house, domi aliqiiem v., Plin. Ep. i, ;, 
 8. 2. viso, si, sum, j : J made up my 
 min<l to go to s. you, and dine with you, 
 constilui lit te et vlserem et coenarem 
 etiam, Cic. Fam. 9, 2j, fn. : I will mit 
 go to s. the urife cf Famphilus, non 
 visam uxorem I'amphili, Ter. Hoc. j, 2, 
 6: V. TO VISIT, 3. visito, I (rare): 
 when Cameades had gone to s. him, etc., 
 quum eum visitassetCarneades, Cic. Fin. 
 5, }i, 94 • to go to s. a sick man, aegrum 
 quemquam v.. Suet. Aug. }$. 
 
 seed (subs.) : I. That from vhich 
 anythinij springs: sC-men, inis, n. (most 
 usn. equiv. In both lit. and fig. sense) : 
 to sow s., s. sparpere, Cic. de Sen. 15, ;t : 
 oW s., ». vptus, Varr. R. R. i, 40, init. : 
 young or green s., s. novelliim s. viride, 
 Col. (Kr.): 7-ipts.,s. matunim,CatoK. K. 
 17, init. : 8. tempestivum. Col. j, 5. init. : 
 S. is apt not to come up, s. difflculter 
 animatur,Col. (Ivr.). ; s.s spring upjrom 
 the ground, .seniina e terra exeunt, I'liii. 
 II, io, jft: to run to s.. In s. exire, riiii. 
 (Kr.). Fig.: the root and s. of all evils, 
 stirps ac s. malorum omniimi, Cic. Cat. 
 1, 11, fin. : to sow the s.s of hatreds, 
 eemitia odiorum Jacere, Tac. A. 12, 48 : 
 to soil' the sj: of a war, scmina belli 
 jacere, Liv. 40, 16, init.: inborn s.s of 
 virtues, s. innata virtutum, Cic. Tusc. t, 
 I, 2. Join: igniculi ac seminii : like the 
 sparks and s.s of virtues, quasi igniculi 
 ac semina vivtiituni. id. Kin. 5, 7, 18. 
 Phr.; to soir the s.s of political troubles, 
 civiles dlscordios serere, Liv. j, 40. Jin. 
 II, offspring; descendants: posteri, 
 progenies, etc. : v. OFhSfKiNC. 
 
 seed-corn: ymh. sementis (seed 
 sown ; rare in this sense) : vlten a shoiier 
 comes, the. s. of many days springs up 
 in one day, ubi venit imber, muUorum 
 dierum ». uno die surgit, Ci>l. 2, 8. 
 (Better simply, semina, cf. Virg. G. 1, 
 19} ; or, perh. frumentum ad serendum, 
 ad sementes faeiendas.") 
 -down : pappus . Plin. 21, 16, 
 
 57 (semen ei lanugiuis, quam pappon 
 vocant). 
 
 seed-plot; semlnarium: v.ncrskbt. 
 
 -time : 1. sC-mentis, is. /. : 
 
 through tiie midiUe of s., per mediam 
 senieiitim, Col. 2, 10, ad Jin. : Ca(<j. 2. 
 sStlonis Icmpus : cf. Cic. Verr. J,47, med. 
 
 3. tempus satiis : from tlui sj, a 
 temporibus salQs, Plin. 19, 8, 40. 
 
 -vessel: vasculum: Plin. 15,28, 
 
 J4, } 115. (*l'ericarplum, Linn.) 
 
 seedling: "il«"' novella (any young 
 tree); cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 14: also, Virg. E. 
 J, II. 
 
 seedsman ; perb. sSminanus, winch, 
 though not occurring in this sense, is 
 agreeable to analogy. (Or by circunil., 
 seminum venditor, qui semina vendit.) 
 
 seedy : I. ^"" "J *««'' • K''iino>us 
 
 (= granorum plenus); s. pods, i. e.poiis 
 full ofs., folliiuli g., Plin. 21, ji, to;. 
 jj. Slang term ; worn out, poor and 
 mi.terable looking: sordidiitus, pan- 
 iiosus; obsoleta veste imlutns (all with 
 ref to attire): v. sHAitiiV. .Scaher ap- 
 pears to have nearly the sense of Eng. in 
 Hor. Ep. I, 7, 90, scaber intonsusque. 
 
 seeing that (quasi-con j.) .- 1. si- 
 
 quidein {implies something already 
 known and granted) : it follows that 
 vires too are equal, s. the deformities 
 of the mind are rightly called vices, 
 sequilur, ut etiam vilia sint paria ; s. 
 pravitates recte vitia dicuntur, Cic. Par. 
 J, I, ad fin. : Cae.s. 2. quum, quoniam : 
 
 V. SINCE. 3. lU'". 4"0d V. BF.CAi;SE. 
 
 4, quandoquidem (gives a reason 
 inferred troni some preceding circum- 
 stances) : s. you praise those orators of 
 y<utrs so highly, q. tu istos oratorcs 
 laniiipere laudas, Cic. Brut. 44, i6j (U. 
 and A.) 
 
 Seek(i'): A. Trans.- j. To 
 search for : 1, quaero, sivl, or sil, 
 situni, J : you are the very persmi I was 
 seeking, te ipsum quaereoam, I'er. Heaut. 
 4, 8, 5 : a foirl s.s its food <m a dung- 
 luap. in sterquilinio puUiis escain quae- 
 rit, I'haedr. 5, 12. Aho,cU>sol.: I have 
 spent my life and prime in s.ing, con- 
 trivi in quaerendo vitam atque aetatem 
 ineain, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 15. Piequent.: 
 quaerito, i (to seek repeatedly or con- 
 stantly: not Cic): we are seeking a 
 dead man amongst the living, hominem 
 inter vivos quaeritamus mortiiuni, I'l. 
 Men. 2, I, 15: to « ho.'^pitality frojn 
 any one, hospiliuin ab aliquo q., id. 
 I'oen. ?, }, 77. 2. indago, i (to hunt 
 for) : to s. the marks of the common de- 
 struction, indicia communis exitii i., 
 Cic. Mil. 57. loJ '■ io **'*'''■ nnused paths, 
 vias IniisitJitas i.. id. Or. j, 11: v. t*) 
 SEARCH FOR. ||, To endeavour to find 
 or gain by any means : 1. pfito, Ivi, 
 or ii, itum, j : to s. safety in Jlight, 
 salutem fuga p., Nep. Hfann. 11, med.: 
 to s. the first place in eloquence, elo- 
 quentiae principal um p., Cic. Or. 17, 56 : 
 to s. to live well, bene vivere p., Hor. 
 Ep. I, II, 29. Comps.: (1) appfito, J (to 
 seek eagerly for) : to s. the hostility of 
 those inpnver, inimicitiiLs polentium a., 
 Cic. Mil ?6, 100 : to .<. to be on friendly 
 terms with youths, adolescent iuin faml- 
 liaritates a.,"Sall. C. 14, ./in. (2) expeto, 
 J (to s. earnestly) ■ ime man was by 
 alt demanded and sought for to conduct 
 that war, unum ab omnibus ad id 
 helium deposci atque expeli, Cic. Manil. 
 2, 5 : Itiily sought help from this man 
 irhen absent, Italia ab hoc auxiliuni 
 absente expeiivit, ib. 11, jo : cf. id. Pis. 
 7, 16 I'poenas ab aliquo expeterc). 2. 
 afTecto, i (frequeiit. of afticiit: to aim at 
 olitaining): he sought elegance, not ex- 
 travagance, muiidltiem non afBuentiani 
 affcct;ib;it, Nep. .\it. I ?. 5 'os. the royal 
 poirer, regnuni a., Liv. i. 46. iTiiV. ; to .■!. 
 homiur, lionorem a., .Sail. J. 64, med, 
 3. consector. I (to strive afut in 
 both bad and good sense) ; to s. all the 
 shadoirs of false glory, omnes umbras 
 falsae gloiiae c., Cic. Pis. 24, 57 : to s. 
 wealth or poller, opes aut potentiam c, 
 id. Off. I, 25, 86. 4. capto, I (frequent. 
 ofc.ipio; to catch at. seek to obtain) : to 
 s. a7iy one's approtiat ion . alicujus assen- 
 } A 
 
 sionem c. Id. Inv. i, ;i, ;i . (o i. mercy, 
 mis<Ticordiani c, id. I'hil. j. }4, 86 to 
 /.pleasure, vulu|itatein c, id. Pin. i, 7. 
 24. 5. aucQpor, i (lit. to go bird- 
 catchitig ; v. nire and lau- in this sense) ; 
 to s. the favours of the people. p<jpuli 
 favorem a., Flor. ?, i j, i to s stumli'-rt, 
 somnos a., Ov. H. ij, 107 6. six-cto, 
 I (to tie on the look-out for): nhat op- 
 portunity if proving your bravery do 
 you s. f qiiem locum probandae vlrtu- 
 tis tuae spectiis? Caes. B. G, 5, 44, init. 
 Mi so ell. Phr.. to $. a livelihood, 
 victum quaerllare, Ter. Andr. i, 1,48: 
 to seek any one's interests, alicujus com- 
 modis servire, Cic liep. i, 4 . to t. only 
 one's own interests, onnila ad utiUiateni 
 siiam revocare, cf id. Am. 16, 59: to ». 
 any one's life, vitae alicujus Inshlbs 
 ponere, Cic. Sext. i3, 41 ; ins. facere, id. 
 y. Fr. 2, }, ad fin. .- Innldiarl capiti ali- 
 cujus, CurL (Kr.)- to ». any one's for- 
 tune. In fortunas alicujus inimlnere, Cic 
 Phil. 5, 7, 20. III. To make for a 
 place or person, as, J go to s. my father : 
 
 I, pCto, i : cranes s. liotter dinuiter, 
 grues loca calidiora p., id. N. I). 2, 49, 
 125: he himself S.S that place vhrre he 
 had ordered tlie ships to fx broug'it in. 
 ipse eum locnni p., quo naves appelli 
 jus.seral, Caes. B. G. 7, 60, exir. 2. 
 cont<?ndo, di.sum and tum,j (ivtram.): 
 
 V. TO HASTEN. B. l"^''^"*-' |. 
 
 To make search : quaero, indago, etc 
 (usu. with obj. expressed) : T, to sef.k. 
 
 II. To endeavour to acconiplish: 
 Conor, ciintendo, teiido, etc. v. -i-o kn- 
 deavour, strive. Til s. to attain .- L 
 affecto, I : v. sujnr. (A.). 2. consector, 
 I : to .V. to obtain uealth or poioer, opes, 
 potentiam c. Cic. Off. i, 25, 86 v. to 
 
 ILKSUK. 
 
 seeker: vestigator, investigator, in- 
 dagator ■ v. seabchfa Or expr. by 
 verb : V. to seek. 
 
 seem (i') •■ vldeor, visus, 2 . foil, by 
 nom. in apposition or infm. mood : Vie 
 death of those men s.s happy, illoruni 
 beata mors v., Cic. Am. 7, 2}: they t. 
 (as it were) to banish the sun from the 
 win-ld, solera e mundo loUere videntnr, 
 ib. I?, 47. N.B. — Videor is rarely im- 
 personal, the personal constr. being pre- 
 ferred : e. g. it seems to me that you are 
 a passionate man, stomachosus esse 
 videris(Kr.): rather than vldelur mihl 
 te (L. G. ^ 2?2, Obt.): except when 
 vldetur = t£ seems good (tlbi si vide- 
 bitur, villis lis utere). 
 
 seeming (subs.) .- species : v. ap- 
 pkara.sce, show, .skmhlanck. 
 
 seeming (."'O-'' • 1- spfc'Osus: v. 
 plal-sibi.e, sPEciors. 2. ticlus (made 
 lip for the occasion): a s. love, anmr f., 
 Lucr. 4, 1188. 3. fiicatus (painted 
 in false colours) : v. cuUNTEKFErr. 
 P h r. r a s. virtue, virtutis species, Cic. 
 (Kr.): a s. not a titte virtue, virtus 
 slmulata non vera. Cic (.v. pkcteni«ei>) : 
 s.joy or sorroiv, •laeiitlae sp<-cies vuliu 
 praelata. 
 
 seemingly : "' speciem ; ut vldetur 
 (videbatiir) v. apiarently. 
 
 seemliness: 1. dfcorum- Uiat 
 
 ivhich the (.reeks call npenov. can be 
 called in Latin decorum (or jcrm/inw), 
 id quod Graece nptrov diciiur, d. dfci 
 Latlne potest, Cic. Off. i. 27. 95 : cf. lb. 
 I, 55. 126. 2. e.\pr. by qu«l d6cet. 
 
 V. UEI-OMINC, To BE. 
 
 seemly (<"'j ) • 1- "if '^5">9 (either 
 
 of external or internal beeommgnesi) : 
 veins of gold, both fit for use and t. for 
 orTutm'eiil. aiiri venas et ad usuni nptjis 
 et ad ornatiini d., Cic N I> 2. 60, 151 : 
 a s. discourse, serino d., id. de Sen. ^ 
 28 ; to admin nothing but what it 
 honourable and s.. nihil nisi quiKl hon- 
 estuni d.qiii- sit admirari, id. Off. i, 20, 
 66. 2, dCcens (li-comiiig) : a t. gar- 
 ment, aiuictus d., Ov. Pont 2, 5, 5I • ^f- 
 Ouidl. II, 5, 156 V. BE.XIMINO. 3, 
 
 hOiieslus (honouralile, opp. to tnrpls). 
 V. HONOl'RABLR. Phr.: to lie t. : L 
 
 dfcet, uit. 2 (absol. or wiih ace. of p*i- 
 soiil: it is rerys. in a sjief h in oraliooi> 
 maxiniedecet, Cic.de Or. ;, 55,210; itif 
 vot at alt s.for an orator to get angry
 
 SEEMLT 
 
 lEIiECT 
 
 SELL 
 
 oratorem irascl minime dccet, id. Tusc. 
 4. 25. 55 : Ter. 2. cunvfiiiio, 4 . (to be 
 in keeping ivith an 1 givtn character) : 
 if is not s., hau I convf nil, Ter. Eun. j, 2, 
 41 (where it is foil, by ace. and infin.) : 
 more freq. with dat. : v. to '"Uit. It is s. 
 Jar, may frequently be translated by est 
 and gen. : it is s. for a yoiiug man to 
 reverence his elders, est adolescentis 
 m^ores natu vereri, Cic. Off. i, 14, 122. 
 seemly (adv.): dScore, ut decet: v. 
 
 BECOMINGLY, SDITABLV. 
 
 seer (su'w.) .* i. e. one tvho foreteJs 
 future even ts : vat s, divinus; priipheta 
 or prophetes, ae (late) : v. prophet. 
 
 seethe («•)•• I. Trans.: fervg- 
 facio, c6quo: v. to boil. ||, In- 
 trans. : 1. ferveo, bui, 2. v. to 
 boil. 2. aestuo, i (to be agitated and 
 rise in bill4>ivs) : Virg. Aen. 6, 297. 
 
 seething (part, a-lj.): besides fer- 
 vens, fervidus, aestuans; someiime'S ae- 
 stuosus • s. waters, freta a., Hor. Od. 2, 
 7. 16. 
 
 segment (subs.): in geometry: *(cir- 
 culi) segmeiitum . necessary as geom. 1. 1. 
 
 segregate («•) •• secemo, segrego, l : 
 
 V. TO SKPARATE. 
 
 segregation (subs.) sejunctio, se- 
 paratio- v. separation. 
 
 Ssigneurial : perh. dominicus (be- 
 longing to a lord or proprietor), or gen. 
 ofdominus: v. lord, propriktoe. 
 
 Seignior (subs.) : dominus . v. lord, 
 proprietor. 
 
 seigniorage : perh. dominium ; 
 which as legal term denoted the right 
 of property: Flin. : Gai. 
 
 seigniorial (adj.) .- v. seigneurial. 
 
 seine (subs.) ; sagena (Gr. cray^rr), 
 a large fishing net for dragging) : Manil. 
 See also net. 
 
 seizable (adj.) : expr. by verb : pro- 
 pei-ty which is s., * bona quae (aeris ali- 
 en! causa) capi possunt. 
 
 seize ("•)• I. J^ rush upon sud- 
 denly arid lay hold on : 1. rapio, 
 ui, ptum, J (to seize and carry off) : v. 
 TO CARRY OFF. Comps. : (1.) corripio, j 
 (with no accompanying idea of carrying 
 off, as in rapio): he ordered the man to 
 be s.d and to be hung upon a wild olive 
 tree, hominem corripi et suspendi Jussit 
 In oleastro, CSc. Verr. j, 2}, 57 ; to s. the 
 fasces, fasces c, Sail. C. 18, fin. : to s., 
 i.e. to take up, arms, anna c. Veil. 2, 
 no, init. (2.) arripio, j (to lay hold of 
 vith eagerness and force) : our men s. 
 what arms they can find, nostri arma 
 quae possunt arripiunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 14, 
 med. ; v. to snatch. 2. prfihendo 
 and syncop. prendo, di, sum, } (to 
 grasp with the hand) : to s. any one 
 by the ears, p. aliquem auriculis, PI. 
 Asln. }, }, 78 . to s. any one by the Iwbnd, 
 aliquem manu p., Cic. de Or. i, ;6, 2J9. 
 the partridge escapes the grasp of the 
 fowler when just upon the point of seiz- 
 ing it, penirix aucupem jam jam pre- 
 hensurum effugit, Plin. 10, jj, 51. 
 Comp. : (1.) compreliendo, comprendo, 
 i (strengthened from simple verb) • to 
 s. with the teeth, c. mordicus, Plin. 9, 15, 
 17: the pincers s. the looth. furfex den- 
 tem comprehendit, Cels. 7, 12, i : thrice 
 the phantom, s.d in vain, slipped through 
 (my) liands, ter frustra comprensa ma- 
 nus effugit initigo, Virg. Aen. 2, 79 j. See 
 also, to arrest. (2.) appifihetido, 5 (to 
 take hold of; usu iritfiout violence): 
 W s. anything with tlie hand, aliquid 
 manu a., PI. Am. ;, i, 64: to s. any one 
 by the cloak, aliquem pallio a., Ter. Ph. 
 y, 6, 2? : being s.d by the soldiers, a mili- 
 tibus apprehensus, Gell. 5, 14, 26. (3.) 
 deprghendo, 5 (to catch, detect): Cn. 
 JUagius toeing s.d upon the journey, 
 deprehensus ex itinera Cn. Magius, Caes. 
 B.C. I, 24._^n. : to s the letter-carriers 
 «nd intercept the letters, tiibellarios d. 
 literasque interclpere, Cass, in Cic. Fam. 
 12, 12, i7iit.; they s. the ships of bur- 
 den, ouerarias naves deprehendunt, Caes. 
 B. C. I, j6,init. ||. To invade, take 
 posnession of by force : 1. occupo, i : 
 to besiege and s. upon the whole of Italy, 
 totam Itallam obsidere atque o.. Cic. Agr. 
 2. 28, 7J : to s. the cities, urbes o., Liv. 
 ''12 
 
 i3t i^tfin. : to s. the supreme power, tyr- 
 annidemo.,Cic.Off.j.2?,90. 2. invado, 
 vasi, vasum, ; : v. to invade, attack. 
 
 3. apprghendii, i . to s. the Spains, 
 Hispanias a., Cic. Att. 10, 8, init. 4. 
 potior, 4: V possession, to TAKE. III. 
 To app)-eliend , as an ojlicer may do : 
 
 1. comprehendo, i ■ to s. so danger- 
 ous an enemy, c. tarn hostem capitalem, 
 id. Cat. 2, 2, J : they had s.d this man and 
 had impiisoned him, hunc illi compre- 
 henderant atque in vincula conjeceiaiit, 
 ib. 4, 27, init.: to s. tliieves, fures c, 
 Cat. 62, J5. 2. apprehendo, j (rare 
 in this sense and late) : to s. a thief, 
 furem a., Ulp. Dig. ij, 7, 11. Phr. . to 
 s. any one's property for debt, * bona ali- 
 cujus aeris alieni causa capere : his 
 goods viere s.d by order of the magis- 
 trate, *bon!i ejus ex edicto magi.-tratus 
 intercepta sunt. |V. "fjire, discuses, 
 emiitions, etc. : 1. corripio, j : the 
 fiame s.d the planks, flamma tabulas 
 corripuit, Viig. Aen. 9, 5 57 : he icas 
 twice s.d with ilhiess nhilst transacting 
 business, morbo bis inter res agendas 
 correptus est, Suet. Caes. 45, init. : to be 
 sd with pity, misericordia c, id. Calig. 
 12, fin. 2. invado, si, sum, J (to fall 
 upon suddenly; usu. with direct ace.): 
 a severe illness s.d him, eum morbus 
 invasit gravis, PI. Asin. i, i, 40: so 
 great a panic suddenly s.d them, tantus 
 repente terror eos invasit, Caes. B. C. I, 
 14, init. : grief s.s their eyes, dolor in 
 oculos i., Lucr, 6, 658. 3. occupo, i : 
 so great a panic s.'d aU the army, tantus 
 timoromnem exercitum occupavit.Caes. 
 B. G. 1, jg, init. 4. incedo, cessi, 
 cessum, j (constr. with dat. and some- 
 times cu:c.) : with dat. : grief s.d the 
 irhole army, dolor exercitui onini inces- 
 sit, Caes. B. C. }, 74: the women rvhom 
 the ffur of war had s.d, mulieres, qui- 
 bus belli timor incesserat. Sail. C. ji. 
 With ace. : a desire of taking Tarentum 
 Iiad s.d him, ipsum cupido incesserat 
 Tarenti potiundi, Liv. 24, i ? : fear s.d 
 the senators, timor patres incessit, id. i, 
 17: astonishment and vonder s.d them 
 all, stupor omnes et admiratio incessit, 
 .Just. 22, 6. 5. afficio, feci, fectum, i 
 (to affect pUasurably or painfully) : to 
 hare been s.d tvith an ill7icss, morlx) 
 affectum esse, Cic. Div. i, jo, 6(: the 
 limbs are s.d with pain, membi a dolore 
 afSciuntur, Lucr. ;, 495 : panic s.d the 
 soldiers, terror milites affecit, Pac. A. 11, 
 19. Phr.: I am, s.d with a shive>-ing 
 all over, *mihi horror per membra 
 currit. 
 
 seizure (subs.) .- |. T?ie act of 
 seizing or taking possession, of by force : 
 comprghensio : Cic. (Or expr. by verb : 
 V. to SEIZE.) II, Fig.: the attack of 
 a disease, etc. 1. tentiitio. Cic. Att. 
 10, 17, med. 2. motiuncula : he was 
 attacked by slight s.s in (,'ampania, in 
 Campania tentatus motiunculis levibus. 
 Suet. Vesp. 24, init. Comp. commo- 
 tiunctila : Cic. Att. 12, 11, extr. (Or 
 expr. by verb: he died within an hour 
 after his s., * intra horam unam quam 
 raorbo coneptus erat decessit: v. to 
 SEIZE, v.). 
 
 seldom (adv.): raro (opp. to saepe; 
 most usu. word) ; wine is s. beneficial to 
 sick men, it is very often injurious to 
 them, vinum aegrotis r. prodest, nocet 
 saepissinie, Cic. N. D. j, 27, 69. Comp. 
 perraro (very sddc-m) : this throw very 
 s. fails, p haec alea fallit, Hor. S. 2, 5, 
 
 50 Cic. : V. RARELY. 
 
 select ("•) •• 1 '^go, legi, lectum, 
 ? : to s. jurymen, judices 1., Cic. Phil. 5, 
 6, 16: Virg.: Ov. : v. to pick out. 
 Comps. eligo, deligo, seligo, j : v. to 
 CHOOSE. 2. excerpo, psi, ptum, j 
 (rare) . to s. a feiv fho are the most 
 eminent, p&ucos qui sunt eminentissimi, 
 e. in animo, Quint 10, 1,45. 3. se- 
 cerno, crevi, tuni, ? (to separate, single 
 out) : cf. Suet. Aug. 94 (unum e com- 
 pluribus s.). 
 
 select (adj.) : 1. lectus : s. boys, 
 pueruli I., Cic. Rose. Am. 41, 1 20: s. 
 words, verba 1., id de Or. }, J7, 150. 
 Comp. : (1.) eleclus : the most s. men of 
 
 the state, vlrl electisEiml civitatis, id. 
 Quint. 2, 5 : s. prize-fighters, pugiles e., 
 Suet. Calig. 18, init. : s. nords, verba e., 
 Cic. Fin. }, 7, fin. (2.) delectus v. 
 CHOSEN. (3.) selectus : esp. in phr. 
 the s. judges (selected by the praetor), 
 Judices s., Cic. . Hor. 2. exquisltus 
 (carefully sought out, exquisite) : s. 
 words, verba e.. Quint. 11, 1, jj ; most s. 
 uvrds, verba exquisitissiraa, Cic. Phil. 
 4. }, 6- 3. eximius; egregius; prae- 
 stans : v. excellent. 
 
 selection : I. The act of choos- 
 ing : 1. delectus, lis : in this kind 
 of ivords some s. must be made, in hoc 
 verborum genere d. est quidam haben- 
 dus, Cic. de Or. i, J7, 1 ;o . to make a 
 s. in wm-ds, verbis d. adiiibere, Tac. Or. 
 22, init. 2. electio: a s. of words, 
 verborum e., Cic. Or. 20, 68 : Tac. 3, 
 selectio: to use no s. (make no distinc- 
 tion): nulla selectione ui, Cic. Fin. }, 
 4, 12. Phr.: to nuike a s. (use dis- 
 crimination), delectum habere, id. de 
 Or. }, J7, 150 ; delectum adhibere, 
 Tac. Or. 22, init. ||. A number of 
 things selected : 1. perh. electa, orura . 
 cf. Plin. Ep. J, 5, fin. (electorumque 
 commentarios centum sexaginta mihi 
 reliquit). 2. ecloga, ae (Gr. eicAoy^) ; 
 Varr. in Charis. I, 21, 21 (p. 97): M. L. 
 (For eclogae, Cic. has eclogarii sc. loci, 
 Att. 16, 2, fin. = select passages.) 
 
 selectness : expr. by adj. : v. SE- 
 lect. 
 
 selenite : selgnitis, Idis, f. (Gr. o-eAi)- 
 nVi)?): Plin. 57, 10, 67. 
 
 self: sui, sibi, se (sese) : v. himself, 
 H erself, etc. Phr.: a friend is a kind 
 of second s., amicus est tanquam alter 
 idem, Cic. Am. 21, 80. 
 
 selfish : no single equiv. : expr. by 
 circl. : 1. qui omnia sua causa facit; 
 qui nihil alterius causa tacit, Cic. (Kr.). 
 2. qui suis commodis omnia meti- 
 tur, Cic. (Kr.). Phr.: to be influenced 
 by s. motires, sua cupiditate non utili- 
 tate communi impelli, cf. Cic. Off. i, 
 19. 6} ; * ad suum fructum [ad suam 
 utilitatem] referre omnia (R, and A.) : 
 without any s. motive, suoium commo- 
 dorum oblitus; nulla utilitate quaesita 
 (R. and A.). 
 
 selfishly: no single equiv.: expr. 
 by circl. • he acted s. in this matter, 
 *hoc propter sui commodi studium 
 fecit; *ad suam utilitatem hoc retulit. 
 Phr.: tobes. seeking one's mvn aggran- 
 disement under the viask of patriotism, 
 bonum publicum simulantem pro sua 
 potestate certare. Sail. C. j8,_/in. 
 
 sell (V.) : I. T r a ti s. : 1. 
 
 vendo, didi, ditum, } (gen. terra): to s. 
 for more or less, v. pluris aut minoris, 
 Cic. Off. J, 12, 51. For similar phrr., as 
 to s. at a high or a low price, see L. G. 
 } 281 : Caesar sold into slavery a whole 
 section of that town, sectionem ejus 
 oppidi universam Caesar veiididit, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, a, fin. Fig.: when you liad 
 sold yourself to king Coitus for joo 
 talents, quum te trccentls talentis regi 
 Cotto vendidisses, Cic. in Pis. 54, 84: 
 this man sold his country ) or gold, ven- 
 didit hie auro patriam, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 621. Frequent, veiidito, i (to offer for 
 sale over and over again, to try to s.)s 
 he is trying to s. his estate at Tusculwm, 
 to buy if he can the house oj . ., Tuscu- 
 lanum venditat ur. si pussit, emat. ... 
 domum, Cic. Ati. i, 14, 8: he "as try- 
 ing to s. his fish-ponds for a large sum 
 of money, piscinas grandi aore vendi- 
 tabat, Col. 8, 16, 5. Comp. divendo (to 
 s. in lots : rare) : to s. in lots the pro- 
 perty of the Koman people, bona populi 
 Roniani divendere, Cic. Agr. i, j, 7 ■ 
 their goods hamng tieen sold in lots, 
 bonis eoruni divenditis, Tac. A. 6, 17. 
 2. venundo, dedi, datum, i (chiefly 
 of the sale of captured slaves) : the A"«- 
 midian adults were put to death, all the 
 rest were sohi for slaves, Numidae pu- 
 beres interfecti, alii omnes venundati, 
 Sail. J. gi to s. prisoners under the law, 
 captivos sub lege venundare. Suet. Aug. 
 21, ad fin. Fig.: to s. a sentence, sen- 
 tentiam venundare, Tac. A. il, 22, extr.
 
 S E L L E 11 
 
 S E N U F O K 
 
 SENSATION 
 
 3. vgneo, 1 vi and ii, Itum, 4 ; also 
 venum 00 (as pass, correl. to vendo, to go 
 for sale, be sold) : the slaves, the furni- 
 ture, the farms, and the house will be 
 gold, servi, supellex, fundi, aedes venl- 
 bunt, PI. Men. 5, 9, 96 • he ansvered 
 that he liaii rathir be robbed byafdlon- 
 citizen .than sold by an enemy, resp<Jiidit 
 ee a cive spoUari iiialle quatn ab hoste 
 venire, yuint. 12, i, 4J. 4. distraho, 
 ai, ctiim, J ; like diveiido (to s. by retail 
 or in U/ts) : to s. sti/ck (furniture) in lots, 
 instrumentum distrahere, Suet. Calig. J9 : 
 to i.^eWs in tots, agros distrahere, lac. A . 
 6, 17. 5. subrnoveo, movi, motuni, 2 
 (to get rid of by s.ing off) ; to s. off 
 siteep, eves submovere. Col. 7, }, 14: cf. 
 Id. 7, 4, J. II. In trans. : vgneo, 4 
 (also as two words, venum eo) : because 
 ihe rare bird irill s. for gold, quia 
 veneat auro rara avis, Hor. S. 2, 2, 25 ; 
 at what prices do pigs s. t quibus pretiis 
 porci veneunt ? PI. Men. 2, 2, 15. In 
 the same sense occurs also esse (lit. to be 
 at such a price): salt uas s.itig at the 
 sixth of an as, sextante sal full, Liv. 
 I9i J7. init. ; cf. Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 20 (quanti 
 servus est). 
 
 seller {subs.): l. venditor (gen. 
 term) : t/tat the buyer may not be ignor- 
 ant of anything which the s. knew, ut 
 ne quid quod v. novit, emptor ignoret, 
 Clc. Off. }, 12, 51. 2. auctor (legal 
 term denoting the person guaranteeing 
 the right of possession or title to the 
 thing sold) : which they had bought from 
 a man who had no right to be a s., quod 
 a malo auctore emissent, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 22, 56 : cf. id. Caec. 10, 27 (P. Oiesennius 
 auctor fundi). 3. use imperf. part. 
 of vendo, not however in nom. : v. L. G. 
 }6i8. 
 
 selling (.S"t>s.) .• vcndltio : v. sale. 
 
 selvage ; perh. ora extrema (vesti- 
 nenti, panni, textllis), 
 
 semblance (subs.): 1. imago, 
 
 inis, /. : V. IMAGE. 2. simulacrum: 
 I.S of battles, i.e. sham-fghts, pugna- 
 nim s., Liv. 41, 28, fn.: v. bksem- 
 BLANCE. 3. umbra (a mere deceitful 
 thadtnv) : to suffer slavery under the 
 s.of a just treaty, sub umbra foederis 
 aequi servirutem pati, Liv. 8, 4, init. ; 
 to pursue the s.s of false glory, umbras 
 falsae glDfiae conseciarl, Cic. Pis. 24, 57. 
 
 semi-barbarous (a^?-) •■ semibar- 
 barus he rtueived certain fif the s. Gauls 
 into the senate, quosdaiu e semibarbaris 
 Gallorum in curiam recepit, Suet. Caes. 
 •jb.ftn. 
 
 semicircle («t6».) s 1. hemi- 
 cyclus : Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 3} : also hemt- 
 cyclium : Vitr. 9, 7 (8), 3 : Cic. 2. 
 semicirculus : Cels. 7, 26, 2. 
 
 semicircular (adj.): 1. semi- 
 circulus : o s. Held, ager s.. Col. 5, 2, 8. 
 2. seraiclrciilalus: Cels. 7, 26, 2. 
 
 seminal (a<^-) ■■ semlnalls, e: Col. 
 
 seminary (subs.) .- v. school. (N.B. 
 Semiiiarium = a nursery garden.) 
 
 semitone : 1. semitOnium : Macr. 
 
 5. Scip. 2, I, extr. (= dimidius tonus, ib. 
 yawto supr.) 2. heniitonium (= Gr. 
 riiXLTovLov) : Vitr. ;, 4. j. 
 
 semivowel : semivocalls (the se- 
 mivowels were, according to the old 
 grammarians, seven : f, 1, m, n, r, s, x) : 
 (^int. I, 4, 6 (eas in semivocalium nu- 
 memm mutarumque partiri): Prise. 
 
 sempiternal (arfj) •■ semplternus : 
 
 V. ETERNAL, KVtRLASTlNG. 
 
 senate (subs.) .- 1. sfiniltus, us, m. 
 (lit. the council of the elders): unless 
 Oitse qualities (n-isdom, reason, deter- 
 mination) had betn in old men, our 
 ancestors would not have given their 
 supreme council the name of «., quae 
 (consilium, ratio, sent'-ntia) nisi e^sent 
 in senibus, non sunimum concilium ma- 
 jores nostri appellassent s., Cic. de S«'n. 
 
 6, 19: to summon a s., senatum vocare, 
 Liv. 3, j8; s. convocare, Cic. Sull. 25, 
 65 : a decree of the s., senatus con- 
 Bultum (S. C), Cic, Fam. 8, 8, j : to 
 hohl a meeting of the s., senatum 
 habere, Cic. Fam. I, 4, ad init.: to 
 dismiss the s., s. dimittere, ib. I, 42 ; to 
 grant an audience of the s. to any one. 
 
 senatum dare alicui, Id. Q. Fr. z, 12 : 
 a full mefting of the «., frequens s., 
 id. de Or. j, 25 : the t. of the Aedui, 
 Aeduorum s., Caes. B. G. I, Ji. 2. 
 patres (pi. used coll»-ctivfly) : the decrees 
 of the s., patrum consulta, Hor. Kp. I, 
 16,41. 3. melon.: curia (strictly, 
 tlie building, the senate house) : in a 
 aoiided meeting of the s., Irequenti 
 curia, Liv. 2, 2j : 3uet. : to be present 
 at a meeting of the s., curiae interesse. 
 Suet. Aug ?8. 
 
 senate-house: curia: Liv. i, jo, 
 
 init. : Ov. 
 
 senator ; 1. senator : passim. 2. 
 gen. term for the whole body of asS'^mbled 
 senators, esp. in addressing the senate : 
 patres conscript! : SalL C. 51, ini<. : Cic. 
 pass. P h r. : to become a senator, in 
 senatum venire, Cic. Rac. 18, 42: or by 
 fig. of speech, latum clavum induere. 
 Suet. Aug. j8 : to lose the rank of s., 
 nomen senatorium amiltere, Cic. Flac. 
 18, 4J. 
 
 senatoriaKadi) •■ senatorius: thes. 
 order, ordo s., Caes. B. C. i, 2} : s. rank, 
 a. gradus, Cic. Manil. 21, 61 : as. bench, 
 conslliani s., Cic. Verr. 2, I, 2, 4 : the s. 
 age, s. aetas, Gell. 
 
 send: I. To throw, hurl: mitto, 
 misi, missum, i : to s. (U:t Jly) javelins, 
 pila m., Caes. B. C. }, 9? ; Ov. : v. TO 
 THKOW, HCKL. ||, To cause to be Con- 
 veyed, despatch ; both of persons and 
 things : 1. mitto, j : they sent am- 
 bassadors to him to treat about sur- 
 render, legates de dedilione ad eum 
 miserunt, Caes. B. G. i, 27 : et pass. 
 See also send back, se-sd for, etc. 2. 
 lego, I (to send on public business as an 
 ambassador): they sent an honourable 
 and noble man as a deputation to 
 Apronius, homlnem honestum ac no- 
 ■bilem legarunt ad Apronium, Cic Verr. 
 3, 48. 114: whom the Athenians had sent 
 to home as ambassadors to the senate. 
 quos Athenienses Romam ad senatum 
 legaverant, Gell. 7, 14. (N.B. — To expr. 
 English to send in sense of sending new s 
 by letter, use scribere or comp., he s.s 
 word that lie uxill quickly set out with 
 the legions, in Uteris scribit se cum le- 
 gionibus profectum celeriter fore, C!aes. 
 B. G. 5, 48.) 
 
 send across : transmltto, 3 .- t?ie ca- 
 valry is speedily sent across, equitatus 
 (trans flumen) celeriter iransmittltur, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 61 : the cohort of the 
 Csipii was sent across to Britain, cohors 
 Usipioruni iu Britanniam transmissa est, 
 Tac. Agr. 28, init. : v. to tbansport. 
 
 aga.inst : immitto, 3: the ca- 
 valry having been sent against the 
 Aedui, in Aeduos equitatu immtsso, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 40 . Liv. 
 
 away : 1. dmiitto, 3 (to 
 
 allow to go): to s. a pason into very 
 distant lands, aliquem in ultimas terras 
 d., Cic. Sull. 20, 57 : he sent away Attius 
 safe, Attium incolumem diniisit, Oes. 
 B.C. I, 18, med. 2. ablego (to 5entJ 
 away, to lemove) : to s. cattle from the 
 meadoiv, pecus a prato ab., Varr. R. R. 
 I, 47 : to s. any one out of the house, 
 aliquem foras ab., I'l. Mil. 3, 2, 5;. 3. 
 relego, I (to banish): to s. citizens so 
 far from himie, cives procul ab domo r., 
 Liv. 9, 26, init. : they s. the bulls into 
 solitary pastures, tauros in sola relegant 
 pascua, Virg. G. j, 212. 4. amando, i 
 (to send away autlioritatively) : he sends 
 away the man. Whitlierf I'erhaps to 
 lAlybaeum, amandat bominem. yuo? 
 Lilybaeum fortasse, Cic Verr. 5, 27, 69: 
 id. R. Am. 1 5, 44. 
 
 back: rgmitto, 3 I have sent 
 
 back the book to you, tibi llbrum re- 
 misi, Cic. Att. 9. 9, } : he ss back the 
 hostages, obsides rcmittit, Caes. B. G. 
 3, 8,./i»i. 
 
 for : 1. arcesso, Ivi, Itum, 3 : 
 
 they were sent for from the yiough to 
 become consuls, ab aratro arcessebantur 
 qui consules fierent, Cic. R. Am. 18, 50 
 he sends for Oabinius, Gabinium ac- 
 cersit. Sail. C. 40, ./m. (N.B. — This spell- 
 ing seems peculiar to Sallust : cf. Id. J. 
 62.) 2. cifo. civi, citum, 2 (to sum- 
 
 mon by name) : troops are sent for 
 from the reserves, ab sutteidiis cleuir 
 miles, Liv. 9, J9 : lie demands that Sar- 
 cissus be sent for, deri Narcissum po»- 
 tulat, Tac. A. 11, jo. 3. acclo, civl, 
 citum, 4 : but I v-m t.for the boys, ego 
 vero acciam pueros, Cic. Ati. 5, i, med. : 
 to s. all the bravest men, fortissimom 
 quemque accire, .Sail. J. 84, mM. : ct 
 Lucr. 5, 9^ (hiirriferis aocibant Tocibas 
 Orcum) : V. Tt) susimon. 
 
 send forth : 1. emiito, } : no one 
 is sentfi/rtii to forage, nemo pabolatum 
 emiltilur, Caes. B. C. i, 8i,_/in. : to *./. 
 leaves, folia emittere, Plin. 18, 20, 49, 
 to s. f., i. e. publish, a book, librun 
 emittere. Suet. Claud. 31. fin. : to 1. 
 thunderbolts, fulmiua emittere, Cic. l)lv. 
 2, 19,/n. 2. ejlcio, j; uni frequent. 
 ejecto, I (to cast jarth ; as a volt.ano 
 
 does) : V. TO fA.'-T FORTH. 
 
 forward : praemltto, } : Caesar 
 
 had sentjonvard the Ugitms into .<pa\n, 
 Caesar in Hispaniam legiunes praeml- 
 serat, Caes. B. C. 1, J9: Sail. 
 
 in ( 1. immitU), 3: to t, 
 
 or into ) slaves to rob the shrine, 
 servos fanum ad spoUanduni im., Cic 
 Verr. 4, 45, loi : slaves were sent into 
 our houses with torrjies, servi in nostra 
 tecta cum facibus immissi, id. Att. 14, 
 10, init. 2. intrOniilto. misj. niL»*uiiJ, 
 } (rare) : Caesar sends the lei/ions into 
 the town, Caesar legioties In oppidum 
 intromittit, Caes. B. G. 7, ii,_/in. 
 
 in place of: submitto, ? (very 
 
 rare In this sense) : will you not tend 
 some one in his place f huic vo6 non 
 submittetis, Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 8. (Or 
 expr. by circuml. : v. instead of.) 
 
 round : circummitto, j : to ». 
 
 embassies, legationes c, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 6; : he sent round boats, scapbas dr- 
 cummlsit, Liv. 29, 25, med. 
 
 secretly : submitto, j : tkat 
 
 man secretly sent Timarcltidts, 8ub- 
 mittebat iste Timarthideai, Cic. Verr. 3, 
 28,69. 
 
 UP ; 1. submitto, J : the earth 
 
 ss up (shoots up) flowers, submittit 
 tellus flores, Lucr. i, 8 (not Cic. in thia 
 sense) ; to s. up cohorts to the relief of 
 cavalry, coliortes equitibus praesidio 
 [auxilio] s., Cic. B. G. ;, 58. 2. sub- 
 mlnistro, i : v. TO scfi-Ly. 
 
 sender (subs.) .- expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 SEND. 
 
 sending («<(>».) : misslo ■ concerning 
 the s. of letters, de Utlerarum m., Cic 
 Att. I, 5, ad init.: or expr. by verb: 
 
 V. TO SEND. 
 
 senile (fidj.) ; sgnilis, e : s. foolisK- 
 ness. stuliitia 3., Cic. de Sen. 11, j6 : at. 
 mind, animus s., Liv. 10, 2:: v. aged. 
 
 senility (subs.): senium, sfnectus: 
 v. OLD AOE. Or expr. by s<:-iijlis : thit is 
 downright s., *sunt baec senilis ac paeiM 
 delirantis aetalis : v. dotage. 
 
 senior (0*00 ■■ !• Literally, more 
 advanced in age : natumiilor: uhuwat 
 flautus's s., qui fuit niiO<'r n. quam 
 Plautus, Cic. Tusc. 1,1.; / have heard 
 from my ss, i. e. those of a prrceding 
 generation, audivi ex maj.'ribus n., 
 Cic Off. I, 30, 109. Also without natu : 
 the s. of ttco sons, ex duobus tiliis m., 
 Caes. B. C. }, 108 : v. old (I. 2> ||. 
 In technical sense, only pi. : the seniors, 
 sdnlores: opp. Juniores, Liv. i, 4} (cen- 
 turiae senlurum Juniorumque): Cic: 
 Hor. (N.B.— Not u.sed in s*!!.-* 1.) 
 
 seniority (ful'S.) .- no exact equiv. : 
 perh. aelatis privilrgium, when prism>- 
 geniturf is meant : cf. JusL 2, 10, 2. 
 I'h r. according to s.. 'ut quisque natu 
 raaximus [natu maxinio) est, eral. 
 
 senna t,-'"'"*-^ •' *ca^sla senna: Linn. 
 
 se'nnight; v. week. 
 
 sensation: I. An impression con- 
 veyed by the senses : sensus, Oa (more 
 freq. In sen.se II.): a bodily t., corporis 
 s., Lucr. 2, 4 J5 • an agreeable or painful 
 s., voluptatis, doloris s., Oc. N. 1>. j, 1 }, 
 31. (Or expr. by verb : *quod smlitui: 
 senslbus percipitur : v. to fff.l, fee- 
 CEivF.) II. The faadty of sensation : 
 SCnSUS: v. SENSE, FKBCEmON. P h f. 1 
 
 to be without s., nihil sentlre, Uv. 42, 16; 
 7»
 
 SENSATIONAL, 
 
 SENTENCE 
 
 SENTIMENTAl. TTY 
 
 of a limb benumbed, torpere. Suet. Aug. 
 80 (frigore terpens digitus) • to lose s., 
 torpescere, Plin. 11, j-j, 89; more freq. 
 obiorpescere : v. insensible. |||, A 
 strikivg impression : P h r. : to WAike a 
 s., conspicl (to attract attention, draw 
 all eyet) : cf. Liv. 5, 2 j, maxime con- 
 spectus ipse est, curru albis equis juncto 
 in urbem invectus : or expr. by stupere, 
 stupefacere : etc. : xvho is it that creates a 
 s. ? quem stupefacti iutuenturdicentem? 
 Cic. de Or. j, 14, 5? : vltat a s. he pro- 
 duces by his delyivery of these lines, *hos 
 versus agendo quantopere animos au- 
 dientium commovet; *hi quum aguntur 
 versus ut audientium auimi commo- 
 ventur atque stupescunt ! 
 
 sensational: I, in phii. sense, 
 the s. theory, *doctrina ea quae omnia 
 ad corporis sensus refert. ||, Calcu- 
 lated to produce a striking effect : expr. 
 by circuml. : v. sensation (III.). 
 
 sensationalists : perh. *seusnales ; 
 qui omnia ad corporis sensus referimt, 
 revocant. 
 
 sense (subs.) .- |. Faculty or power 
 by which external objects are perceived ; 
 sight, touch, hearing, smell, taste : sensus, 
 us, m. : the s. of sight, hearing, etc., 
 8. oculorum, aiirmm, Cic. Tusc. 5, j8, 
 III ; also, cemendi, audiendi, id. de Or. 
 2. 87, J57 : which can be perceived neither 
 by the eyes nor by the ears, nor by any 
 s., quod neque oculis, neque auribus, 
 neque uUo sensu percipi potest, cf. id. de 
 Or. 2, 8, } J. P h r. ; deprived of the s. of 
 sight, Itearing, oculis, auribus captus, id. 
 Tusc. 5, 40, 117. II. Perception by the 
 senses, sensation : sensus : v. sensation. 
 III. Understanding, soundness of the 
 fcuMlties, sound judgment : \, sensus 
 (rare in this sense) : whom success lias 
 deprived of commnn s., <^uibus furtuna 
 sensum comniunem abstulit, Phaedr. i, 
 
 7, 4 • (concerning the precise import of 
 this phr. in earlier writers, see Sir W. 
 Hamilton's Reid, p. 758, b.) : to have no 
 s. {to be out of one's mind), sensum non 
 habere, Ulp. Dig. 24, j, 22, ^ 7. 2. 
 priidentia : v. prudence. 3. mens, lis, 
 f.': V. INTELLECT. Phr.: dofs he seem 
 to you to be in his senses f num tibi 
 videtur esse apud sese .' Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 
 85 : if this num were in his s.s, si hie 
 mentis suae esset, Cic. Pis. 21, ;o : if 
 you had been in your s.s. si tuae mentis 
 compos fuisses, ib. 20, 48 : are you in 
 yours.s? penes te es? Hor. S. 2, j, 27J : 
 satin' sanus es.' Ter. Andr. 4, 4, 10: cf. 
 MAD (I., Phr.) : to be out of m^^s s.s, 
 mentc captum esse, id. Acad. 2, 17, 5; : 
 cf. mentis inops, Ov. H. 15, ijg. |V. 
 Meaning, signification : 1. sententia : 
 the s. of the law, legis s., Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 
 11: V. MEANING (I. 1). 2. sensus, iis : 
 nor could tlie s. of the tcill he gathered, 
 nee testamenti potuit s. eolligi, Phaedr. 
 4> 5. 19 ■ words with two s.s, verba duos 
 s. significantia. Quint. 6, j, 48; cf. id. 
 
 8, 2, 20. 3. voluntas (spirit as opp. to 
 mere letter, verba) : yuiut. 7, 10, 6 : v. 
 
 MEANING, TO MEAN. 
 
 sensible (0^7.) ■■ I. Capable of mak- 
 ing an impression on the senses: 1. sen- 
 sibilis, e : (rare : not in Cic.) ; (voice) s. to 
 the organ of hearing, auditui sensibilis, 
 Vitr. 5, f, 6: Sen. 2. expr. by circuml., 
 s. objects, quae sub (quemqne) sensum 
 cadunt ; quae sub sensus subjecta sunt, 
 Cic. (Nizol.) : all such things are s by 
 us, omnia talia sensum movent, Cic. 
 (Nizol.). II. Capable of receiving im- 
 pressions through the senses : 1, sen- 
 silis, e (v. rare) : Lucr. 2, 888. 2. 
 e.xpr. by sentio, si, sum, 4 : to be s. of 
 heat and cold, caloiem et frigus sentire, 
 Lucr. I, 497 . v. TO FEEL. III. Intel- 
 ligent, ihscerni7tg, jttdicious : 1. prii- 
 dens, ntis (sagacious) .- ic/io viore s., or 
 better acquainted with lawf quis in- 
 genio prudentior, quis jure peritior? 
 Cic. Clu. j8, 107 . Nep. Join: per- 
 acatus [acutus] et prudens, id. Or. ?, 18. 
 
 2. aciitus, peraciitus ; v. shkewd. 
 
 3. intelligens, ntis, (referring rather 
 to matters of criticism or higher culti- 
 vation) ; Cic. Fin. }, 5, extr. (dottus et 
 intelligens vir). 
 
 'J»4 
 
 sensibly : \, So as to be perceived : 
 expr. by circuml., *qnod [ita ut] sentiri 
 s. sensibus percipi ptjssit. Sometimes = 
 JiANiFESTLT, q. V. ||. In a sensible 
 
 or intelligent manner : 1. priidenter : 
 he defenfided his opinions veni acutely 
 and s., sententias suas iicutissime pru- 
 dentissimeque defendit, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 
 150. 2. acute, peracute : v. acutely, 
 SHREWDLY. 3. callidg (in o knoiving 
 manner, as one experienced) : v. skil- 
 fully, SHREWDLY, CLEVERLY. 
 
 sensitive: I. Capable of sensa- 
 tion: sensilis: v. sensible (II.). ||. 
 Possessing acute sensitrility: 1. perh. 
 mollis (an epith. usu. implying a ivant 
 of sufficient firmness and manliness) : 
 cf. Cic. Att. I, 17, I, quam mollis animus 
 et ad accipiendam et ad deponendam 
 offensionem (hoi" extremA-ly s. ; ready 
 both to take offence and to forgive) : so, 
 moUe OS, denotes a countenance easily 
 blushing : Ov. I'r. 4, j, 70. So, agilitas 
 moUitiesque naturae, Cic. 1. e., denotes 
 a sensitive disposition. 2. simlj'., 
 
 tener: cf. Cic. Fin. 5, li, fin., teueriore 
 animo mihi videbare (sensitive to weak- 
 ness). 
 
 sensitively : perh- molliter ; nimia 
 animi agilitate ac moUitia: v. preced. 
 art., fm. 
 
 sensitiveness : mointia : cf. Cic. 
 SuU. 6, 18, qua mollitia sum animi ac 
 lenitate : v. .sensitive (IL). 
 
 sensitive-plant : aeschjoiomene, es, 
 /. (Gr. ala-xvioiiiirn) Plin. 24, 17, 102. 
 (* Mimosa pudica, Cycl.) 
 
 sensual : I. Relating to the senses : 
 *quod ad sensus attinet; quod sensus 
 movet, etc. ; v. sense. ||. Given to 
 bodily enjoyment : 1, expr. by vo- 
 luptas, voluptates : both sing, and pi., 
 but esp. the latter, being used w ilh most 
 frequent reference to sensual enjoyment : 
 cf. Cic. Sen. 1 2, carere voluptalibus .... 
 quod est in adolescentia vitiosissimum : 
 the reference is made more e.xpllcit by 
 the addition of corporis: cf. ib. paulo 
 infr., nuUam capitaliorem pestem quam 
 corporis voluptatem (sensual pleasure) : 
 to be a s. person, voluptatibus (corporis 
 voluptati) servire, inservire, deditum 
 esse (v. DEVOTED, to be): still stronger, 
 in voluptates (flagitia) se ingurgitare. 
 cf Cic. in Pis. 18, 42 (to enter heart and 
 soul into a s. life). So expr. by libido, 
 libidines : v. lust, sensuality. 2. 
 vOluptarius : a s., luxurious, and effe- 
 minate philosophy, v., delicata, mollis 
 disciplina, Cic. Fin. i, 11, J7 ; cf. id. de 
 Or. J, 25,99, sensus ex omnibus maxime 
 V. [gustatus], the most purely s. sense. 
 3. luxuriosus: v. luxukious. 4. 
 asotus (Gr. oo-utos' utterly vicious and 
 profligate) : only as subs. : Cic. Fin. 2, 
 7, 22- 
 
 sensualist : 1. homo vgiuptarius : 
 Cic. I'usc. 2, 7, 18. where the term is 
 applied to Epicurus, as advocate of 
 enjoyment as the chief good. 2. asotus 
 (Gr. a<r(0T0?' V. rare : denotes one ivlwse 
 life is utterly profligate) : Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 
 22. 3. homo luxuriosus, libidinosus, 
 voluptalibus deditus: v. sensual (II.), 
 licentious. To be a s., voluptatibus in- 
 servire, in voluptates se ingurgitare, 
 etc. ; V. sensual (IL 1). See also 
 glutton, debauchee. 
 
 sensuality : 1. corporis voluptas, 
 voluptates ; or simply, voluptates : v. 
 SENSUAL (II. 1): also, corporis gaudia. 
 Sail. Jug. 2 (but in preced. chap., cor- 
 poris voluptates, which is the more 
 usual expr.). 2. HWdo : v. licen- 
 tiousness. 3- melon, venter, tris, TO. ■ 
 (the l>eUy symbolizing the louver appetites, 
 chiefly, gluttony): v. gluttony. So 
 abdomen, inis, n. : Ter. Eun. j, 2, 7. 
 
 sensually ; 1. luxUriOse : Cic. 
 
 Coel.6(cum libidinosisluxuriose vivere) 
 Sail. 2. ITbidinose : Cic. : Liv. : v. 
 licentiously. 3. voluptarie (rare) : 
 Apul. Phr. : s. inclined, *(anlmus) in 
 voluptates propensior: v. sensualitv. 
 
 sentence (subs.) : |. Determina- 
 tion or decision as of a judge : either 
 civil or criminal : 1, jiidicium (seTi- 
 tence of a judge): such misfortunes 
 
 have happened to many of the bravett 
 and best of men by unjust ss, multis 
 fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis 
 J. tales casus incidisse, Cic. Fam. 5, 17. 
 med. : if the s. of the senate ought to be 
 observed, si senatusj. observari oporteret, 
 'Jaes. B. G. i, 45. 2. sententia ; they 
 said that they could not' pronounce the 
 s. safely, negaverunt se posse s. tuto 
 dicere, Cic. Att. 4. i, 2, init. : M. Cato, 
 the judge, pronounced the s., M. Cato, 
 judex, sententiam dixit. Id. Off. j. 16, 
 66. 3. arbltrium (strictly, the decision 
 of an arbitrator : hence in wider sense 
 of any decisive sentence) : when Minos 
 shall have passed his a ugust s. upon you, 
 cum de te splendida Minos fecerit arbi- 
 tria, Hor. Od. 4, 7,21 : to pass s., arbitria 
 agere, Liv. 24, 45, med. 4. decretum 
 (esp. a decree or decision of tlie senaie): 
 Caes. B. C. j, 21 : Cic. Mur. i^, fi.n. (re- 
 sponsa et decreta). ||. A maxim: 
 
 sententia : v. maxim. |||. A short 
 
 paragraph, a period in writing: 1. 
 sententia (usu. referring rather to the 
 thought than the form) : whiUt I argue 
 briefly about each s., dum de singulis s. 
 breviter disputo, Cic. Phil, ij, 10, 22: 
 the beginnings and ends of s.s, inilia et 
 clausulae sententiarum, (juint. 9, j, 45. 
 2. sensus, us (not so in Cic): 
 every s. has its own end : omnis s. suum 
 finem habet. Quint. 9, 4, 61 : ti is much 
 the best to end a s. u.ilh a verb, verbo 8. 
 claudere multo optimum est, id. 9, 4, 26. 
 
 sentence ("•) • 1. damno, con- 
 demno, i : v. to condemn. 2. indico, 
 xi, ctnm, } (to award judicially ; with 
 dat. of person): to s. to the payment of 
 a fine, multam (alicui) ind., Plin. 18, J, 
 ; : he (virtually) s.d the people to star- 
 vation, populo famem indixit, Suet. Cal. 
 26, extr. 3. addico, j (to assign over 
 to another judicially) : to s. a free per- 
 son to slavery, lilierum corpus in servi- 
 tutem a., Liv. 5, 56, med. : cf Caes. B. C. 
 2, 18, bona alicujus in publicum a. (sen- 
 tence to confiscation). See also preced. 
 art. (L). 
 
 sententious : 1. sententiosus (full 
 of meaning, pithy) : Cic. Br. 95, J25 
 (genus dicendi s. et argutum, s. and 
 lively). 2. by circuml., sententiis 
 frequentatus : Cic. 1. c. So, lerum fre- 
 quentia Qsententiis] creber, id. de Or. 
 2, u, ;6. 
 
 sententiously : sententiose : ridi- 
 culous things are often said s., saepe s. 
 ridicula dicuntur, Cic. de Or. 71, 286. 
 
 sentient (adj.) .- patiWlis, e : to 
 have a s. nature, naturam p. habere, 
 Cic. N D. 1, 12, init. (Or expr. by 
 verb : sentire : v. TO FEEL.) 
 
 sentiment (subs.): |. Thoughts 
 prompted by passion or feeling : 1, 
 sensus, us : in appealing to the feelings 
 of the judges, I myself should be in- 
 fluenced by the very s. to which I uished 
 to bring them, ipse in comniovendis 
 jiidicibus ad quos illos adducere vellem, 
 iis ipsis s. permoverer, Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 
 189 tliere is no s. of humanity in you, 
 nulUis in te s. human itatis. Cic. Verr. 2, 
 
 1, 18, 47: the common s.s of humanity, 
 communes sensus homiiium, id. de Or. 
 
 2, 16, 68 • cf. Hor. S. i, j, 66. 2. 
 opinio- PERSUASION, opinion. II. Deci- 
 sions of the mind, opinion : \, sensus : 
 his S.S about public affairs pleased me 
 greatly, valde mihi placebat s. ejus de 
 republica, Cic Att. 1 ;, 7 : tjiis speech 
 leas at complete variance with our s.s, 
 haec oratio longe a nostris s. abhorrebat, 
 id. de Or. i, 18, 8;. 2. stntentia: 
 (way of thinking) : as ye have irished 
 to be made acquainted with my s.s, 
 quoniam sententiae [atciue opiuionis 
 nieae] voluistis esse participes, Cic. de 
 Or. I, i'],fm.: the old man's ss al>out 
 the maiTiage, senis s. de nuptiis, Ter. 
 .\ndr. I, ;, 2. 
 
 sentimental (adj.) : sometimes, lle- 
 bilis : s. comedy, *comoedia flebilis. 
 N'agels. p. )2l (=Fr. comMie lar- 
 moyanle). Sometimes mollis, mollior. 
 may serve : cf. Ov Tr. 2, J07, versus 
 molles (soft and effeminate, licentious). 
 
 sentimentality: lir givet, ammi
 
 SENTrXEli 
 
 SETATIATION 
 
 8 K R KN ITY 
 
 (naturae) mollities; animus mollior : 
 but V. r.FFEMiNATK, Phr. : to indulge 
 iti s., •iiimi* flcbill (scribendi, cogltandl) 
 ratidiii iiidulgere. 
 
 sentinel : 1. vigil, lUs (gen. U-rm) : 
 atliouC is raised by the s.savdguaidtai:s 
 of the ttrnple, clamor a v. faniquc cuslo- 
 dibus toUitur, Cic, Vorr. 4, 4J, 94 : Ae 
 forbal tlies.s to carry a sliieUl uliilt't <m 
 guard, visiles scutum in vlgillain ferrc 
 vptiilt, I.iv. 44, Ji,adfin.i cf. Sut't. Aug. 
 JO, init. (adversus iticcndla, excublas 
 nocturnas vigilesque [i. e. f.re-lrrigaJe'] 
 commcntus est). 2. abisir. for con- 
 crete, vlgTlia (lit. the vatcli, i. e. those 
 standing on guard,vatchm')i, sentinels) : 
 i.x guard your house and person, vigiliao 
 tuum corpus domumque cnsiodiunt, (,'ic. 
 Mil. 2;, 67 : to }>lw:e s.s about the city, 
 vigilias per urt«in disponero, I.,iv. jq, 
 14, /i?i. .• of. Caes. 15. C. i, 21, med. 3. 
 cxcQbltor (hy night) : tliese were held at 
 night by s.s and strong guards, buec 
 noctu excubitoribus ac lirmis pratsidiis 
 teut'baiuur, Caes. B. G. ■;, 69, extr. : 
 used of a dog: vhal s. can be found 
 more vigiUmt t quis e. inveiiiri potest 
 vigilanlior? Col. t, 12, i. 4. stitio 
 (also collect, term) tohave s.s (picquets) 
 placed at inlerraU, stationes disposilas 
 habere, Caes. B. G. ?, 16: s.s l)eing sta- 
 litixeil alimg the banks of the Tibet-, 
 disposita statione per ripas Fiberis, Suet. 
 Tib. T2, init. 5. e.xcubiae, arum,/, pi. : 
 (also collect., denoting generally the sen- 
 tinels placed before thepalace as guards 
 of honour : strictly = exculiiiores, v. 
 supr.) : to pass the s.s, excubias transire, 
 Tac. A. 14, 44, med. ; riceived icithin the 
 barricade, he paasfd the night amongst 
 the s.s, recepius Inira vallum, inter ex- 
 cubias pernoctavit, Suet. Claud. io,ad fin. 
 
 sentry : P h r. .• <o 6* on «., in sta- 
 tione e.sse : V. GUARD: cf. preced. art. 
 
 separable (<"*;'•) -• 1. dividuus (that 
 
 can be divided into separate parts) : 
 every animal must be s., and can lie 
 broken up into component paits, omne 
 animal et dividuum et dissolublle sit 
 necesse est, Cic. N. I), j, 12, 29 : from a 
 g. matter which is produced in our hodies, 
 ox materia quae corporibus dividua gig- 
 nitur, Cic. Tim. •], init. 2. s'epara- 
 bllls, e : (that can be disjoined or dis- 
 connected from srnne olhi-r thing): nor 
 it it (that force) s.from the btxly, nee 
 (earn vini) separabiiem a corpore esse, 
 Cic. Tuse. I, 10, 21. 
 
 sepai ability : expr. by separari «. 
 dividi posse : v. to separatk. 
 
 separate (''■) ■■ I. To part asunder 
 physically, esp. in topography : 1, 
 
 separo. i : all Cermany is s.d from the 
 (iauls, Hlioutians, and Pannonians by 
 the rivers hhine ami Danube, Germaiiia 
 omnis a Gallis, Kliaetis, et Pannoniis 
 Rheno et I)anubio flumlnibus separa- 
 tur, Tac G. i. init.: I'hocis s.s tlie Ao- 
 nians frmn the oetaean fields, separat 
 Aonios Oelaeis Phocis ab arvis, Ov. M. 
 I, Ji{ : a strait s.s Seslos from the city 
 of Abydiis, Seslon Abydena separat urbe 
 fretum, Ov. Tr. i. 10, 28 (but the use of 
 separo with a simple abl. is poet. : cl. 
 Lucan 4, 7;) . in the narrow parts 
 themselves of the strait which s.s Europe 
 and Asia, in ipsis Eiiropam Asiamque 
 separantis freti angiistiis, Plin. 9, 15, 20 
 (it is used here wiih the simple ace.) : 
 aU the cavalry of the Thessalians hud 
 been s.d, omuls I'bessalorum equitaliis 
 separatns erat, Li v. 42, 5;, fin. 2. 
 divide, visi, visum, } : the riirr Gar- 
 umna s.s the (iauls from the Aquitani, 
 llie Malrona and .^eqnana from the 
 Belgae, Gallos ab Aqullanis Ganimna 
 flumen, a Belgis Matrona et Sequana 
 dividit, Ciies. B.O. i, 1, init. : the village 
 IS s.d into tno jMirts \>y a rirer, vicus in 
 duas partes llumiiie dividitur, Caes. 
 B. (J. ), I, med. 3. sejungo, xi, ctum, 
 i: uhen he came to the Alps irhicU s. 
 Italy f mm Haul, ad Alpes posteaqiiam 
 venit, quae Italiam a Gallia sejunguiil. 
 Nop. Hann. {,fin. : to s. a person from 
 the number qt the bravest citizens, ali- 
 quem ex fortissimorum civium numero 
 li^uiigere. Cic. Vat. 10, fn. 4. dis- 
 
 jungo, xi, ctum, }: toe are s.d by an 
 intervening space of places and times, 
 intervallo locorum et lemporum dis- 
 juncii 9urau.s, C1c. Fam. 1,1, init.: tliis 
 river s.d the kingdom of Jugurtha from 
 tliat of Bucchus, quod flnme'i Jugurthae 
 Bocchique regnuni di^jungelKlt, Sail. J. 
 92, nieci. 5. discerno, crevi, crerum, 
 } (>trlctly implyiiig an act of jiuiyment 
 or decision): by vhich we have s.d l.usi- 
 tania from haelica, quo Lusitaniam 
 a Baetica discrevimu-^, Plln. 4, 21, };, 
 } 1 16 ■ nor teas lliere a river or a moun- 
 tain to s. their territories, neque flumen 
 neque mons erat, qui fines eorum dis- 
 cern»ret, Sail. .J. 79, init. : cf. Mela j, 4 
 (Samiatia ab lis quae sequuntur Visula 
 anine discrcla). 6. secemo, crevi, 
 crelum, } : but they s. lands and sea, 
 sed terras ac mare secernunt, Lucr. 2, 
 729: the sia between s.s Europe from 
 AJrica, medius liquor secemit Kuropen 
 ab Afro, Hor. Od. }, j, 47. ||. To 
 separate by means of the intellect, to 
 discriminate : 1, discerno. secerno, 
 J : V. TO DISTINGUISH. 2. separo, I : 
 many Greeks have s.d these vmrs from 
 their amtinuous histories, multi Graeci 
 a perpetiiis suis liistoriis ea bella separa- 
 verunt, Cic. Fam. 5, n.init. : an orator 
 whom I do not s. from, a good man, 
 iiratorem quern a bono viro non sepiaro. 
 Quint. 2, 2J, 12. 3. sejungo, xi, ctum, 
 ? : to A. a civil conspiracy from oppn 
 andforeign wars, civilem conjuratlonem 
 ab hostUibus externisque bellis s., Cic. 
 Fam. 5, 12, init- 4. disjungo, }: 
 
 to s. the orator and the piilosopher, ora- 
 torem ac phllosophuni d., CJic. de Or. ?, 
 J5, 14J : already 1 seem to sef: the people 
 s.d from the senate, vjdere Jam videor 
 populum a genaiu di.-junctum, Id. Am. 
 12, 41. 5. di.-iparo, 1 (to part and 
 classify): he s.d the seniors frmn the 
 juniors, seniores a Junioribus Qdivisil 
 eosque] disparavit. Cic. Rep. 2, 22, init. 
 
 separate (a<0')- !■ separalus; 
 questions s. Jrom the connection of 
 things, quaestiones separatiie a com- 
 plexu renim, Quint. 5, 8, 6 : a s. volume 
 (absol.), voUimens.,Cic. Alt. 14, 17, ./in. : 
 / approve of none of them s., eorum nul- 
 lum separatum probo, id. Hep. i, J5. init. 
 (al. separalim) among them there is 
 no private and s. land, privati ac se- 
 parati agri apud eos nihil est, Caes. B. G. 
 4, I : cf. Tac. G. 22 (separatae singulis 
 sedes fct sua cuique mensa). 2. secre- 
 tu.'i : s. commanding officers ; sjjecial 
 standards, s. imperlum, propria signa, 
 Liv. I, ^2, fin. 3. disjuiicius: s. mas- 
 ters (for different studies), d. doctores, 
 Cic. de Or. J, 15, 57. So the p. partt. 
 sejunctus, di.^cretus, disparatus, may 
 serve : v. preced. art. 
 
 separately : 1. separatim (apart ; 
 opp. to loiijiinctim) with a, ab ■ they 
 love each one of these s. from the whole, 
 (di) separalim ab universis siiigulos 
 (liligunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 165 nothing 
 will liajyprn to him s. from the rest of 
 the citizens, nihil el accidet s. a reliquis 
 civlbus, Cic. Fam. 2, i6,ad fin.: cf. Cae.s. 
 B. C. I, 76 (neque sibi s. a reliquis con- 
 cilium capluros): this can be disjoined 
 and n-ritl'-n s., hoc sejiingi potest .<. que 
 perscribi, Cic. Phil, i ;, 21, fi7i. : to exert 
 iniestlf s. in one thing, in una re s. 
 elabiirare, Cic. do Or. i, j, 9 : cf. ib. 2, 
 27. 118 (vel separatim dicere de genere 
 uiiiverso vel definite de singulis tein- 
 poribus). 2. cSiVjtiim (piece by piice ; 
 in detached portions): to write portv^ns 
 of the history of the Jioman people s.. 
 populi lloiiiani res gestas c. jK^rscri- 
 liere, Sall.C. 4, nit'ti. 3. partlculiitiiii 
 (rare) : a fiock recovers its health more 
 easily s. tlian together, grex p. facilius 
 <iuam uiiiversus couvalescit. Col. 7, 5, 
 ad init. 
 
 separation : 1. sPparaiio : by 
 
 tin dislriUutiim and S. of the parts, dis- 
 tribiitioiie panium ac s., Cic. de dr. j, 
 n, U2 : the nuissing together of the 
 charges assist) the accuser, the s. of 
 thrm the defendant, congregatio rrimi- 
 numaccusanlemadjnvat.s.detendentem. 
 Quint. 7, I. n if etc. Inv. 2. 18, 55 
 
 (sal facti ab tlU definitione Geparatio> 
 
 2, disjunctio; insoyrtat a t. onA 
 sorrow, in laoia disjuiiciioiit- ^nutirum) 
 lanla acerbituie, Cic. s>e=t. 21, 47, mvL: 
 the atienatu/n and 1. from Jriendt, 
 alleiiatio dihjunclioque amlcorum, id. 
 Am. 21, 76. (.\.B— Ofiener expr. by 
 verb ■ V. to SErARATE.) 
 
 separatist: perh. homo facllueus. 
 
 V. l-AtTlDL.-). 
 
 separator: expr. by verb: v. to 
 
 SKI'ARaTK. 
 
 September : mensis September : »« 
 wil/ hast-n over in S., excurremui menj>c 
 Seplemliri, Cic. Alt. I, I, 2: on the first 
 of .s'., Kalendib Septi-iubrlbu>, Cic. Fam. 
 14, 22. Itarely, September ^atjsol.): Aus. 
 
 septenary : septcnanus : Plin. ; 
 I'iiini. 
 
 septennial '■ perh. septuennis or 
 septeunls (which, however is found only 
 In the sense of seven yeait old: cf. 
 irlennis, triennia); or expr. by circuml., 
 *(dles) qui septinioqu<'que anno n-ver- 
 tllur: *(sacrum) quod boptimo quuque 
 anno fit, celebratur. 
 
 septuagenarian: bomo geptuigf- 
 
 narius : Calli.-.lr. l(ig. 
 
 septuagesima (subs.): septuiige- 
 sinia ; Scrr. 1-xcl. 
 septuagesimal : septuageelmus : 
 
 Keel. Scrr. 
 
 sepulchral (adj.) .- i. sspui- 
 
 cralis, e (^relating to Sfpulcliret) : a >. 
 torch, fax s., Ov. H. 2, 120: f. altars, 
 arae .sepulcrales, Ov. M. 8, 480. 2, 
 ferfilis, e (relating to the dead ; dismal) : 
 the s. cypress, f cupressus, Ov. I'r. {, i j, 
 21 : s. note (of the owl), t carmen, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 462. 
 sepulchre (subs.) : sSpulcrum ; V. 
 
 TOMIi, GI1A\ R. 
 
 sepulture (subs.) .- sOpultura : Uu 
 custinn oj s., mos sepulturae, Lucr. 6, 
 1277 the most ancient kind of .«., anll- 
 quissimum sepulturae genus illud, Cic. 
 Ug. 2. 22, 56. 
 
 sequel ; expr. by verb ; but mark 
 the .^., 'sed aliendite quae secuui .-unt: 
 the s. of the stoiy is less interrsting, 
 *quae sequiinuir legeniem minus tenent, 
 delectant : v. to folu'W, exsuk. 
 
 Seqiience : perh. ordo, si-rics : cf. 
 Cic. Div. I. 55. 125, fatuin est ordo 
 seriesque rerum, i. e. s. of cause and 
 effect. Also, sfquela (rare) Gell. 6, I, 
 ad fin., per sequelas qnasdam necessarian 
 fieri. 
 
 seraph: seraphus: Eccl. Scrr. (Kr.) 
 /'/. seraphim (Hebrew form) ; Vulg. 
 
 serenade (subs.): symphOnla noc- 
 turna ; concentus noclurno tempore 
 faclus (Kr.). To give any ime a s., * td 
 fenestram allciijus conclnere. 
 
 serenade (<•-) ■• v. preced. art. 
 
 serene (adj.): \. clear, calm, 
 cloudless . 1. serSnus : a s. sky, cae- 
 lum s., Cic. Fam. 16.9, init.: uhen oflrr 
 so sterrmy a day a s. (ind c<i'ni lu.ht rr- 
 tuiiied. postquain ex tani turbido die 
 s. el tranquilla lux redilt, Liv. i, 16. 
 init.: Virg. 2. ininqulUus: v. CAlJl. 
 
 3. siidus (not wet or rainy) ; Cic. 
 V. FAIR (111.). 4. purus (frte from, 
 clouds r poet,): Hor. Od. I, n. 7 (per 
 punmi = through a s. or chiudUfs s'cy). 
 
 II. Fig. :"'a/m, unritftint, tran- 
 quil, undisturlied : 1. S4>reiius: a 
 calm and s. forehead, frons iranqiiilla ac 
 s., Cic. Tusc. J, I1. II : a s. oiuntenance, 
 vultus 8., Hor. Oil. 1, i;, 26: as. heart, 
 pectora serena, Ov. Ir. 1,9, 4a 2. 
 tranquilUis: a gentle, s. quiet, haipy 
 /i/f, placata, ir.. quiela. beala vita. CU-. 
 Fin. I. 21, 71; a s. mind, tr. animus 
 id. .Sen. 20, 74. III. A title 0/ honour : 
 most s. highness (a title glv-n to Uii- 
 Kmperors)! ^5rc■lMs.•;imu^ Cod. Ju.Mjn. 5. 
 4, 2 J. Also, a title of the Homan em- 
 perors — s. highness, 6iTfn\ln», Veg. 
 Mil. ?, Kpll. 
 
 serenely : tranquiliP v. calwlv. 
 
 serenity: I. I'almnets of the 
 
 ski/: 1. sfrfnltas: the s.of the sky, 
 caeli s., Cic DIv. 2, 45, 94. 2. tr-">- 
 quillltas: v. cai.mnk**. ||. Fig, 
 
 pearr. calmness: sfrpnltas: the s. of pre- 
 sent fortune, praesentls fonunai' s, iJv 
 1»S
 
 SERFDOM 
 
 SERVANT 
 
 SERVE 
 
 42, 62. ir>it. : v. tranqcillity. Ill | 
 
 Calmness of mind, evenness of temper ■ 
 serenitas: you are loo insignificant to 
 cS my s.: minor es, quam ut s. meam 
 oMucas, Sen. de Ira }, IS, fin. : v. calm- 
 
 ^"serfdom: scrvltium. servitus: v. 
 
 '""serr'servus: v. slave. G" modern 
 Aat! more precisely, ascnptus glebae 
 i e. one who is bought and sold vnth the 
 
 '"seree- perli- cilicium (.a kind of 
 coafle cloth made in ftl.cia): Cic. Verr. 
 
 2.i,j8.<)5: Caes- ^.^^^ gj . j^;^., 
 
 coSatio seriesque frerum], Cic. N. D 
 ile^r.: ordo seriesque [causarum], 
 ?d Div. I, 55, "5. 2. expr. by adj. 
 
 bi-oken s. (or succession) of wars con 
 tinua bella, Liv. 10, 31, ^'^■'^'■"{ 
 volumes, contiuua voVumma, Flm. 24. 
 
 d4«^?^; severus (ne^=^ g^vJnJo 
 triUg or sport) : as. and grave citizen 
 civis s et gravis, Cic. Am. 25, 95- tie 
 'grZest aJ most s._ of <^\-^^-^ 
 Iravissimus et sevenssimus, id. de Or 
 f !6 228: rmti take away the gift of 
 sonafrmii the s.. adimam cantare sevens, 
 Hor^ Ep. I. 19.9. II. WeiglUy.im- 
 i^tant. not trilling : 1. gravis, e 
 ?^p to levis, of small maiteror mo- 
 S) • it is a s. thing for a mod^t man 
 Toalk far anything of consequence 
 ™ est homini pudenti petere ahqu.d 
 Kum. C.C. Fam. 2. 6, mit. : nurres. 
 S grav-iora bella, Cic Rep. i. 40./"'; 
 2 serius (opp. to the idea of sport 
 or frivolity: properly only of Ihingf)- 
 Zave and s. things, graves ser.aeque 
 
 no*- ?:an?^t anf.'. Irusiness onth^tfy 
 ne quid eo die s. rei gereret. Liv. 10, 1, 
 fnTcf. Suet. Calig. J2, ^'f • (^«'^« 
 ^que tiones per to™enU babebantur). 
 EsD neut. pi. as subs.: sena, omm (s. 
 v^terT Ues and s. things, joca et s.. 
 C^ Ffn. 2 26, 85: let us put jesting 
 ""c^, and inquire into s. things, -rnoio 
 
 onaeramus s. ludo, Hor. b. 1. I, 21-. «• 
 Ss OT(i jests, seria atque jocos, Uv 
 , ? C 3. sgverus (rare m this 
 ^nte when used of tbings):?.a«^. 
 suMects, linque severa, Hor. Od. j, 8, 2B. 
 Suslj : 1. severe {in earnest) : 
 (oS to a>s<m raf/.er s., sevenus 
 
 d auquem -"-;^,^rr^-(^tfi''. 
 
 &, .0 « to »Vate i( "« J":^'!Vff"'i" 
 ter) ■ to be s. ill, g- aegrotare, Cic. Utt l, 
 ,0 ?2 / am s. enraged with you by 
 Pollar. tibi Aedepol iratus sum g., ler. 
 Hec 4 4 2: citizens most s. disagree- 
 ,^« civet gravissime dissentientes, Cic. 
 PWi 211 21. 3. serio (opp. to the 
 notioncf jote): Join: joco et serio ■. 
 T2not y.now whether he says these 
 th?^gs in joke or s.. jocon' an s. lUe haec 
 dial nescio, Ter. Heaut. }. 2, Jo rf. 
 Liv n, 41, nied. (joco senove) and PI. 
 Am. I 2, 25 Cnec joco nee serio) 4 
 bv circuml. with jocus cf. Oic. l<am. 7, 
 ,6 med. (sed mehercules e.xira jocnm, 
 homo bellus est^ and ib. 11, fin. (remote 
 joco, tibi praecipio). ^^^^^^ 
 
 jr /faf llan a I mi.ed with 
 IZtesy, erat in iUo viro comi ate con. 
 
 dita g.. Cic. de Sen. 4. i?- ^:^;^^2I^-„ 
 I use neut. of senus (chiefly ni 
 
 particiilar phrases): in S- (^';:'f ) «^ 
 i« ip<^t ner seria, per jocos, lac. A. 2, i ?, 
 
 Ztturn it into s., si quid per joc.mi 
 ^i nolito in serium convortere PI. 
 Poen.5!^,42. 3. sgveritas: s. / ap- 
 Z>ve in old age, m<yros^ess notj^ta 
 Vin senectute probo, acerbitatem nullo 
 modo Cic. de Se^n. x8, 65 = . v. st.BNNE^. 
 sermon; no exact equ'valent.^erh^ 
 oratio sacra. h6milia (^-r-)- %°", "'^ 
 mount, •oratlomontana. ^"-f-^^- 
 sermonize: perh- contionor. i. v. 
 
 TO PREACH. 
 
 serosity: v. sebum. 
 
 726 
 
 sprons (.adj.): peril. *serosus (but 
 onlf ^s"" med.^t: t): or seri naturam 
 babens. , , ., . .• 
 
 qpropnt- I. '^''« reptile: 1. 
 se^'Jn^s^Us,/. (including reptiUsJall \ 
 kiruls): S.S hatched out of the water 2- 
 extra aquam ortae, Cic. N. l^-J- ^K. "4 
 to handU S.S, tractare s^rpentes Hor Od^ 
 I JT 2T V. REPTILE. Also, sometimes 
 /;"•.- Virg.: Hor. %.^^f%'l'',^ 
 ■'flying S.S, a. volucres, C.c. N- D. i, J6, 
 toi • Hor. : Ov. : v. snake. 3. draco, 
 SnU">k.6p-- -P-'^j^X^ 
 formidahU s. ; freq. '" Po^t) « P^";f 
 (<iuae) S.S, gemini d., Virg. Aen. 2, 225 . 
 V"guardic^i of sacred tre^siires^'c. Ph. 
 .- = 12 II The constellation : 1. 
 serpens : usedof (1.) a constellation be 
 twin the Great and I^if^Smrs.-the^ 
 which is vlaced nearest to the xcy poU, 
 quae polo posita est glacial proxima s. 
 Ov M. 2, n?: (2.) =anguis (v- ««/»••) ■ 
 Viir 9,6 (7). 2. 2. anguis (Jfte ser- 
 llni-Uke cmstemion which Angux- 
 
 "''^?cucVmbersrmrrSi- 
 
 "'^IL^loied: serpentipes,p6dis: t^i. 
 Sphinx, and the H<npies and the s. 
 Giants, Sphingaque et Harpyias ser- 
 
 P^^^r^Te'^.^S'.'W c\rIU.'wilh 
 1 serpens" or anguis * ut serpens "t 
 anguis, or *in modum serpentis, s. an- 
 'guik; angui similis, etc. (N-B-The 
 use of aniuineus or serpentinus in this 
 sense is wrong: both meaning i>ertoin- 
 ing to a serpent, not resembling a ser- 
 
 Virg G. I, 244 • maximus hic flexu 
 sinuoso labilur anguis {the comUlla- 
 tim): of the river ifea/wier, Plin. 5. 
 2^?! (sinuosus Maeander flex.bus). 
 ^ 2 sinuatus (less freq.) : Sil. 15, 
 oj.linuatos pelagi anfractus (s. n;ind- 
 ings of the sea-shore) :c{. also Virg. 
 Aen. 2,208. 3. multiplex, Ids (perh. 
 the best word for prose) : cf. Cic. ben. 
 I? 52. quam [vitem] serpentem niulti- 
 p ici lapsu et erratico {.with s and dc- 
 L«. course): of the 'f^^'^'^^^J^^ 
 8 i;8 (m. domus). J o 1 n r multiplex 
 et tonuosus, Cic. N. D. 2, 54. n6. 4 
 tortuosus, tortilis. v. twisted, wind- 
 ing Phr.: in a double s. course, du 
 nlici Maeandro, Virg. Aen. 5, 25_«- 
 
 'itone r '-"""'°'' ■ '^^— *''■• °* 
 
 jy,.) ■ 's. Wee the spots of serpents, and 
 from this it took its name. o. ser- 
 pentiura maculis similis, unde nomen 
 accepit, Plin. j6, 7. 11 cf. Mart 6 42, 
 15 (et flamma tenui calent ophitae). 
 Also, ophitis. is, m. ; cf. Plin. j6, 22, 45. 
 tin. (ex ophite albo). 
 
 sprrated: serratus : there are three 
 Hn^of teeth, they are either s elc, 
 dentiui tria genera, serrati aut. f ^> 
 Plin II, n, 61, init.: the s. joints of 
 the bones of the head, ossium capitis 
 compages serratae, Plin. 11, J7, 48- S- 
 teai^lTfoUa s., Plin. 2;, 8, 46, ««<«• 
 seiVied {adj.). i.e. closely arranged^ 
 1 confertus: ct. Caes. B. C i, 24 
 (confertissima acie) • also Virg. Aen 2, 
 lAi ■ as adv., in s. ranks, confertiin, Li\ . 
 \V,4i.init.: Sail. 2. densus, con- 
 densus : v. close {adj.). 
 
 serum {subs.): i.e. the watery part 
 of tM blood : serum, sangmnis pars 
 aquosa. (N.B.-Serum is smctly the 
 watery part of curdled milk, «'hey.) 
 
 servant: 1. minister; /. mm- 
 istrfcany Wnd of ir>feriar persmjr 
 helper): a hundred other {slaves) and 
 juuas many s.s equal in age, centum 
 aliae (famulae) totidemque pares aetate 
 ministri. Virg. Aen. i, 705. Of pubUc 
 otncers: s.s of your empire {le. und^ 
 officials), ministri imperii tui, Cic. VJ. rr. 
 
 I I J a s. (i.e. ap^-iest), of Mars, m. 
 Makis, id. Clu. 15, 4J- pother form of 
 nreced. ministrator: Sen. Ep. 95 ■ / mi- 
 Sistralrix : Cic. de Or. i, n, 75 («""'f ■•*■ 
 tricee oratoris): also, ministnx- Gloss. 
 Philox 2. administer;/. adniinlstra. 
 the S.S and followers of Sextus2<faeviui. 
 a et satellites Sexti Naevii, Cic. Quint, 
 i', 80: cf. id. Rose. Am. 28, Tl (puer 
 victus quotidiani administer) Camitfa, 
 a s. in those things which are more 
 hidden, Camilla adm. in his luae.occji'- 
 tiora sunt, Varr. L. L. 7. ij .cf. Cic Ma- 
 nil I? 36. 3. mercenarius (a ferea 
 workman, labourer, or servant) : your s., 
 tuus m., PI. Poen. 2, 55 : to me slavetM 
 if they were hired s.s, uti servis ut merce- 
 nariis^Cic. Off. i, U, 4>- 4. p™"lV„^„ 
 /. famiila (strictly, a slave beUmyxng 
 to a hmu^ehold): the s.s give water fur 
 the hands, dant famuli lymphas mani- 
 bus, Virg. Aen. i, 7°i = v- slav^- &• 
 servus : /. serva : v. slave. b. trans 
 late by verb servio, 4 : / am thy s., 
 ttw seTvio, PI. True, i, 2, 2;^ to be as^ 
 of the people, populo s., Cic. Plane. 4, fim,. 
 Comps. deservio, 4: inservio, 4: v. to 
 
 ^''serve («•) : I. TohesU>wU>t>ourof 
 body or mind in the employment of 
 another : servio, ivi or ii, itum, 4 (w>tn 
 dat): to obey and s. another man, alter! 
 parere ac s., Cic. Kab. Post 8, ext,. .- U 
 is just that your slave should s. yoitac- 
 cording to your wish. J"stum est tuus 
 tibi servus tuo arbitratu s., PI. Bac. 4. 
 8 71. Comp. deservio, 4 (to s. dui- 
 g'entlu: also with dai): of your oxm 
 health, while diligently ^■■'^g f^'J^. 
 iMve not taken sufficient care, valetudmi 
 tuae, dum mihi deservis, servisti non 
 satis Cic. Fam. 16, "S. «*<*.: to s. an| 
 one diligently, alicui deservlre id. t«. 
 I 10, 108. (Famulari, v. rare, and best 
 avoided.) II. TV) attend at corriTnand, to 
 I waUm: praesto sum (to be .n attond- 
 aw:e. nuiton and s.) : cf. Cic. Fm. 2. 21. 
 6q, praesto esse virtutes ut ancillulas . 
 V TO WAir ON. See also infr. (111., 4). 
 p'h r. : to s. at taSte, ad mensam con- 
 Tistere, id. Tusc. 5, 21, 61 : of. Hor. Od. 
 r 29 8 (ad cyathum statui, i. e. serve as 
 Ajnhearer) ■ v. to wait, attend. |||. 
 'rfre^r assistance to by good office^: 
 1 servio, 4 (withdot.): to«. tfce 
 veopU, populo s., Cic. Plane. 4,/n. : thai 
 CfnSyhave power to s. th^ advance- 
 meid of many, is multorum honori s. 
 poTleat. id. Brut. 69, 242. . 2. com- 
 modo, I {to oblige, do a sermceto: also 
 wUh datS : / beg you to s. him in every- 
 thing which you can do without incon- 
 venLce, peJabs te, ut omnibus rebus, 
 quod sine molestia tua facere poss.s. 
 ei commodes, id. Fam ij, J5. /":•■ 
 to s. any one in any thing, al.cui m 
 aliqua re c, ib, i?, in, fin- 3. P™- 
 sum, fui, prodesse (most ge?- <f™«. 
 to benefit in whatever way : with dat.). 
 who s.neUher themselves nor another. 
 qui nee sibi nee alteri p., id. Off. 2, 10, 
 ,6 • my letters wiU not s. you at ott, ni- 
 hil tibi meae Uterae proderunt, id Fam. 
 2 17, fin. 4. praesto sum (comp. 
 s»»r II): he Uamed the civil law, he 
 sdmany, jus civile didicit, multis pr. 
 fuit id. Mur. 9, 19: to s. your safety. 
 tuae saluU pr. esse, id. Fam 4.. I4.. «• 
 5 conduce, xi, ctum, 3 (wuh in or 
 
 ad, and occ. or dat.; the last when a 
 person is the object) : to s. your intene^t 
 in rem tuam c, PI. Cist j, 4: ^ s. ihe 
 common welfare, reipublioie c, C.c. 
 Prov. Cons. I, i: cf. id. Off. I, J,9(aa 
 vitae commoditatem). 6. proricio 
 leci, fectum, } (to be usefid t^ ?r pro- 
 motive of: with in or ad and ace.). 
 Zmngs^ so mv^hto the <icqmriy 
 of elM^ence as vrritmg dou-H ^e^ 
 ikouqhts. nulla res tantum ad dicendum 
 p7. quam scriptio, Cic. Brut. 24.92: f- 
 Liv. J, 61, fin. (parvaque certamlna in 
 summam totius spei profecerant). IV. 
 7b be sufficient for; ^^w'ro^in 
 fsat) esse ; v. to suffice. V. ^0 '^ '" 
 the place of anything to any one : L 
 nro with sum: Sicily has s.d «y'^" 
 i^ovision cupboard. Slclliam nobw pro
 
 SERVE CT P 
 
 SERVICE-TREE 
 
 8ER VITOB 
 
 ^naria cella fuisse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 
 fin. ; V, SUBSTITUTE. 2. cxpr. by 
 
 instar esse (a strong expr. = to be as 
 good or great as) .- cf. Cic. Br. 51, 
 191, Plato mibi instar omnium est, I. e. 
 is OS good as all tlie rest together; or 
 will s. for all the rest. VI. ^o *•• 
 in rnilitarij sense, in the army or nai'i/ : 
 
 1, 8tip<'n(lia niCreor, or meroi, 2 
 (lit. to earn pa;/ : the subs, is sometimes 
 omitted) : he s.d in that tear, in eo bello 
 stipendia meruit, Cic. Mur. 5, 12: ye 
 began to s., mereri stipendia coeperamus, 
 id. Cael. 5, 1 1 : to s. in tlie cavalry, mer- 
 ere equo, id. Phil, i, 8, 20: to s. in tlw. 
 infantry, merere pedibus, Liv. 24, 18, 
 fin. (See also infr. 4.) 2. ^tiI>(•ndia 
 facio, } : to s. under that general, sub 
 eo duce stipendia f., Liv. lo, 24. init. : 
 cf. Sail. J. 6?, med. ^slipendiis faciunOis). 
 
 3, millto, I : m irhose army (Mto's 
 son s.d as a cadet, in cujus exercitu 
 Catonis tilius tiro militabat, Cic. Off. i, 
 
 11, j6: to s. under any one's standard, 
 sub sigiils alicujus m., Liv. 2}, 42, ./in. : 
 to graid a prisoner his life on the con 
 dition of s.ing against his friends, capto 
 sub conditione vitani concedere ut ad- 
 versus amicos suos iiiilitet, Suet. Caes. 
 68, init. ; to s u-ith aiiy ont, apud ali- 
 quem m.. Curt. 6, 5 ; cum aliquo, id. 
 8, 8. Fig.: / have lately lived a fit 
 companion for Tnaidens, and liave s.d 
 (under the standard of Venus) not n-ith- 
 out renown, vixl puellis nuper idoneus, 
 et militavi non sine gloria, Hor. Od. }, 
 26, I. 4. eniSreo s. emSreor, 2 (to s. 
 out, complete one's term of service) : 
 from no one ivas the hope of s.ing out 
 kis time taken away, nemiiii spes emer- 
 endi stipendia adempta, Liv. 25, 6, ad 
 fin. : having s.d out their time, stipendiis 
 emeritis, Sail. J. 84, med. : cf. Liv. j, 57, 
 /""• VII. ^'^ "**. 'o manage : as to s. 
 the artillery in a battle : admlnistro, l : 
 the artillery which is s.d by horsemen, 
 *tormenta, quae ab equitibus adminls- 
 trantur (Kr.). VIII. '^o s. a u-rit: 
 expr. by vocare (to summon authori- 
 tatively ; which, however, was done by 
 a messenger, not by means of a uTitten 
 document) : cf. Gell. ij, 12 (through- 
 out) : V. SUMMONS. 
 
 sei'Ve up ("■) •■ toprepare and preserd 
 in a dish or dishes : 1. apjiono, p<5sui, 
 pSsitum, J : to s. up supper, coenani ap., 
 PI. Trin. 2, 4, 69: to s. up just a sujli- 
 ciency, alicui tantum quod satis est a., 
 Cic. T use. 5, j2, 91. 2. infgro. j, irr. : 
 he orderrd the second course to be s.d up, 
 mensam secundum inferri ju.ssit, Plin. 9, 
 J5, 58: cf. Id. }}, u, 52 (lancemY 3. 
 ministro, i : my dinner is s.d up by 
 three lacqueys, coeua ministratur pueris 
 tribus, Uor. S. I, 6, 116 : he ordered (the 
 dinner) to be s.d up in earOumnare 
 dishes to Vinius alone, soli Viiiio flctili- 
 bus mlnistrari jus.--lt. Tac. H. i, 48, med. 
 Comp. administro, i : honey is s.d up at 
 the beginning of a repast and in the 
 second Course, mel ad principia convivii 
 et in secuiidam mensam administratiir, 
 Varr. R. R. ?, 16, 5. 4. pono, j (less 
 freq. : comp. supr. 1): a peacock having 
 been s.d up, i>osito pavone, Hor. S. 2, 2, 2 j. 
 
 service: j. Labour performed by 
 the body or mind in the s. of another : 
 1. minislfiriiim (<m the part of an 
 inferiirr) : the eagle puts back the cap 
 1/pon his heaii as if stnt to do s., aquila 
 velut ministerio missa capiti pileum re- 
 ponit, Liv. i, J4, o/i /i«. : a favour is 
 that which a stranger may give ; duty is 
 the part of a son or a ivife; s. is the 
 duty of a slave, beneficiuni esse, quod 
 alienus det; officium esse, filii, uxoris; 
 m. esse servi. Sen. Ben. }. 18, init. 2. 
 Cp^ra (help rendered, uhether by an in- 
 ferior or an equal) : tluit iron will do 
 good s., ferrum isiuci bonas edet opt-ras. 
 Sen. lYiiv. j, ad fin.: P. Terentius who 
 gives his s. as a custom-house officer, P. 
 Terentius qui operas in portu dat, Cic. 
 Fam. I}, 65, init. : I place mys.s at your 
 disposal, banc o. tibi dico, Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 
 
 12. Phr. : / am quite at your «., ad 
 omnia quae veils praesto adero, Cic. Fam. 
 4, 8, init. : I can ditpense with your ss. 
 
 utilitatibus tuis possum carere. id. Fam. 
 16, }, fin. : the man did me excellent »., 
 homo mirabiles ulilitates mibi praebe- 
 bat. id. Att. T, 5, init. ||. Place of a 
 servant in such phrases as, Ae is in s. : 
 no exact equiv. : expr. to be in t., by 
 servio, 4 (with dat.): my broDtm- was in 
 the s. of a nobleman, * trater meus viro 
 nobili genere iiato serviebat: v, ser- 
 vant. Ill, Attendance of a servant : 
 mlnistijrium : supr. (I., 1, ex.). |V. 
 Military or navai duly: the period of 
 such duty: 1, militia: to escape 
 military s. by pretending to be mad, 
 simulatione insaniae m. subterfugere, 
 Cic. Off. }, 26, <)•} to be exempted from 
 military s., niilitiae vacationem habere, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 14, init. : to release any 
 one from military s , aliquem militia 
 solvere, Tac. A. i, 44: to offer to enter 
 on military s. as a volunteer, volun- 
 tariam m. [extra ordincm] profiieri, Liv. 
 
 5, '],fin.; sponte m. sumere, Tac. A. 4, 
 4 : to complete one's term of s., m. erne- 
 rere. Suet. Cal. 44, med. 2. officium 
 (a drparlment of s. or offux: whenas 
 militia denotes active duty) ; M. Bibulus 
 was put at lite head of the ivhiAe naval s., 
 M. Bibulus totl officio maritimo prae- 
 positus est, Caes. B. C. }, S.fin.: Pom- 
 pey's lieutenants are dividing the s. 
 among themselves, legatl Pompeii ofiicia 
 liit<T se partiuntur, lb. i, j8, init. 3. 
 stipendia, oruni (lit. pay; hence, meton. 
 campaigns, continued military s. : rarely 
 in sing, in this sense) : he dismissed that 
 portion of the army which had already 
 been exhausted with military «., partem 
 militum, qui jam stipendiis confecii 
 erant. dimisit, Cic. Man. 9, 26. so sti- 
 pendiis exhausti, Liv. 2'J, 9, init. : sing. : 
 a man ivho has seen no s., homo nullius 
 stipendii, Sail. J. 8;, ad init. : thai man 
 ?uis seen much s. in India, ille vir in 
 Indis multa stipendia habuit, cf. Liv. ji, 
 8, med, 4. belli ministCrlum (rare) : 
 the young Piso, by no ntfons sl'thful in 
 military s. baud ignavus ad ministeria 
 belli juvenis Piso, Tac. A. 2, -78, fin. : 
 cf. Veil. 2, }8, fin. (Catonis ministerio). 
 Phr.: a man capable of military s. (in 
 respect of age), homo aetate militari, 
 Tac. A. i,6o,med. : and Liv. 21, 11, fin. : 
 (in respect of strength), homo qui mu- 
 nus militiae sustinere potest, Caes. B. G 
 
 6, 18, fin. : qui arma ferre potest, Liv. 
 I, 44, init. : to call out all xvho are cap- 
 able of s., omnem militarem aetatcm 
 excire, Liv. ■;. ■;, med. : to leave the s., 
 militia abire s. non amplius stipendia 
 mereri (Kr.). V. Advantage con- 
 ferred; benefit; use: 1. officium: 
 the other opinion is that which defines 
 friendship to be of equal s.s and similar 
 
 inclinati'ins, altera sententia est, quae 
 definit amicitiam paribus o. ac volunt- 
 atibus, Cic. Am. 16, 58 : a man reculy to 
 do any one a s., sunimo officio prae»litus 
 homo, id. Verr. 2, 1, 51, i J5. 2. opfira 
 he had luul the benefit of his distin- 
 guished s.s in all the wars, in omnibus 
 bellis singular! ejus opera fuerat u»us, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 25, fin. : to render s.s to 
 the mi/ses, musis operas reddere, Cic. 
 Fam. 16, 10, fin. : v. to serve (IlL). 
 Phr.: this will not be of any s. to you, 
 hoc tibi nihil proderit, id. Fam. 2, 17. 
 fin.: to be of no s. to one's friends, 
 abesse amicis. Id. SuU. 5, 14: to be of s. 
 to one's friends, amicis adesse, id. Fam. 
 6. 14, fin. VI. -^ musical chur<h 
 
 composition: perh. *cantus. Vll- 
 
 rt.v.xc/s used at table, as a s. of silver 
 plate : 1. synthesis cf. Mart. 4, 46, 
 15 (septenaria" synthesis Sagunti): cf. 
 Stat. S. 4, 9, 44. 2. ministfrium: 
 cf. Ijinipr. Alex. Scv. 54 (dur^ntanun 
 librarum pondus argenti ministerium). 
 VIII. ■''* '^"'' *''* deliverance of a 
 vrit : perh. vOcatIo . v. to serve 
 (VIIL). 
 service-berry : s<irbum : cf. Plin. 
 
 15, 21, 2;, init.: and Virg. G. j, 580. 
 
 -book: liber ritualis, *. litur- 
 
 gicus (Kr.). 
 
 tree: sorbus. cf. Col. 5, 10, 19, 
 
 and Plin. 16, 18, jo, med.: sorbus do- 
 mestica (Linn.). 
 
 serviceable : I. That d^t service, 
 beneficial, advantageous: J, iiiilU: 
 (of both perboas aad things) . an oiioin 
 lageout and i. law, lex accommodAta ac 
 u., Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 14 : that tliey could be 
 s. friends to them, posse iis utiles esse 
 amicus, Caes. B.G. 4, •],fin. 2. oppor- 
 tuDUs (rare in this Wrrise) ■ all other 
 things art s. each for a separate purpose. 
 ceterac res opportunae eunt tlngulae 
 rebus singulis, Cic. Am. 6, 22. 3. 
 aptus: with ad or dat. (of persons al- 
 ways with dot.): Uie bofies have joints 
 s.for stability, ixisa habeiit cummissuras 
 ad stabiliuiteui aptas, id N. f>. 2, 55, 
 I J9 : as. place for an ambush, locus ad 
 insldiai a.. Id. Mil. 20, 5J : that that which 
 is true, simple, and sincere, is t. to the 
 nature of man, quod veruni, ^implex 
 sincerumque sit, id esse liomlnis na- 
 turae aptum, id. Off. 1, 4, i j. Or trans- 
 late by verb : inservio, 4: with dot.: to 
 render imesrif ». to any one, allcul Inser- 
 vire, id. Off. 1, i;, 49. ||. Capable of, 
 or fitjor, military duty : 1. aptu» 
 a s. army, I. e. in lighting trim, exer- 
 citus a., lAv. 10, 25, init. 2. iitllta 
 navigando (of ships) : v. seawobthy. 
 So by anal., utills pugiiando, bello, etc. 
 
 . to be : 1. prosum, irr. (most 
 
 gen. tenn , to do good lo in any uay : 
 with dot.): I fear lest your artifice may 
 not be very s. to you, metuo ne artitjcliim 
 tuum panim tibi prosit. C^c. Fam. 7, ■ j, 
 fin.: V. to serve (HL). 2. MnS- 
 facio, ; : it is a glorious thing to be s. to 
 the state, pulcbrum est reipubllcae b.. 
 Sail. C. J, init.: v. to bekekit. 3. 
 proficio, } (to advance, promote any 
 
 object) : v. TO SERVE (IIL). 
 
 serviceableness : iitiiitas : even aU 
 
 Viouyh there may be no s. in friendship, 
 etiamsi nulla sil u. in amicitia, Cic. Fin. 
 
 1, 20, 69 : V. utilitv, advantage. 
 serviceably: iiiiliier: v csefcllt. 
 servile: \, Pertaining to a slave i 
 
 servilis, e: a s. dress, s. vestis, Cic. Pia. 
 j8, 91: a s. yoke, jugum s., id. Phil, i, 
 
 2, 6 : the s. war (tear with slaves), s. tu- 
 multus, Caes. B. 0. i, 40, ad init. : a t, 
 band (band of slaves), s. manus, Hor. 
 Rpod. 4, 4, 19. II, Abject, mean, 
 cringing, fawning : 1. abj<-ctus 
 (mean-spirited) : nothing s., twthing 
 mean, nihil a., nihil bumile, Cic. Fin. 
 5> 20, ;7 . as. mind, animus a.. Id. 
 Am. 16, 59: cf. Quint. 11, i, ij. 
 
 2. hiimills (low, giovelling) : what 
 public servant ivas ever so s., so mean f 
 quis umquam apparitor tarn h., tarn ab- 
 jectus? Cic. Phil. 2, J2, 82: a most s. 
 flatterer, humillimus assentator, VelL 1, 
 8 J, init. 3. servilis (rare In this 
 
 sense) ; to invent s. stories, servllia 
 fingere, Tac. A. 16, 2, fin. 4. ver- 
 nilis (also rare): to conceal hatred nith 
 s. flatteries, odium v. blandllils velare, 
 Tac. H. 2. 59, med. 5. servus (v. rare 
 in this sense) • s. herd of imdators, 
 imitatores servum pecus, Hor. Kp. i, 
 19. 19. 
 
 servilely: 1. servniter: to do 
 anything s. and uvmanishly, aliquid s. 
 mullebriterve facere, Cic. Tusc 2, if, 
 55 : to rfo every tiling s. in order to 
 obtain the chief pmver, omnia 8. pro do- 
 minatione facere, Tac. H. i, }6, ^n. 
 2. hfimlliter, abject* . v. mkasly. 
 
 servility \ 1. biinilUlas. (flen 
 
 servileness ico^'Otfe o"** <» W^v 
 
 demeanour tend more to excite pity 
 thati s. and suf>filicalitm, sai'pe virius 
 et magiiificentia plus prolicit ad miseri- 
 cordiam lomniovendam quani h. el ob- 
 secratio, Cic Inv. 1. 56, 109: cf. guioL 
 II. J, '>9 (dejecto [capit«'] buniilitas os- 
 tenditur). 2. iSduliitlo fauming and 
 cringiiiy): cf. Liv. 9, lf>, hunii jacen- 
 tiuni adulationes (f. if m<n prostrating 
 thtiHselifS before a king) : Vac. A. 16, 
 2, 7i»i. 3. e.\]>r. by circumL: e. g. 
 
 animus humilis atque abjectus; servile 
 inpenium (as a natural feature of cA» 
 racier): v. ?kkvii.e. 
 
 serving-man : v. sf.bvaxt. 
 
 servitor : I. -^ -servant, attendant : 
 minister : v servant, attfspant. ||, 
 A Servitor in the L'nicertity of Oxford, 
 727
 
 SERVITUDE 
 
 SET 
 
 SET Al" ART 
 
 corresponding to sizar ai Cambridge: 
 ** sTJ^tude : Thi cmdition of a sUve. 
 
 Tied away our allies J^nto s., socics 
 ITostros in servitutem abduxerunt Cic I 
 Pis L fin.: Themistodes dehve,ed 
 
 araeciam liberavit, id. Am. 12,42 • "■ 
 Uieum servitutis alicui demere, Liv 
 (^T 2 servitium : (less freq., and 
 
 Zald be the. fall from royaUy^t"^. 
 quam gravis casus in s ex regno foret, 
 
 Sail. J 62, /n: to ^fZ/l7 to de- 
 iustum pati s., Liv. 41, 6, ad fin. : to de- 
 'uTanyme'fror,^ s.. aliquem «e^-tio 
 lovare Hor.S. 2, 5,99- Fig.- of a stats 
 'TIa.rskdepin&: ne use vuyre 
 L comnx^nd^ pou^r of the «und «e 
 s of the body, animi imperio, corpoiis 
 's^rTitio magisutimur. Sail. C. I , cui J|«- : 
 
 to endure the s. of l^r% '«^^;l';° ".^rm 
 jiw Am 1 7 18 3, fainulatus, u?, ™ 
 T^re>^\ow\rretch^i is the s. of virtu. 
 
 Lniitering topkasure, q;>«" ""^^"'V 
 ,uUsf ser^ienusvolup,au.CK.^Off.^^ 
 
 l^'ua«'bibere.0v.Ani.i,6.26:butm 
 nrose simply, servire . v. .sla\ e (to oe). 
 ^pTr!' K* off the yoke of s. a crvi- 
 cibus jugnm servile dejicere, Cic. hil. 
 ,26 also simply, jugumexuere, fac. 
 
 ^%'Jarae: sesamum: cf.Cels. 5, 15, 
 inif ?*™dCol. 2, .0, 18. Also. sesama : 
 C^l 2 1 l: Plin- sesamum onentale 
 (LiM.) S. M. olenm sesaminum, I'lm. 
 
 "keseleCaplauO.seselis/.rCicNl'. 
 
 2, 5I. flT Collat' fovm seseli, n. : Plm. 
 
 (*Seselielalum: Linn.). v,-,,^. o 
 
 \esqui-Pedalian:-sqmp6dai.s... 
 
 iinrrf? vprba s., Hor, A. r. 91- .,.. 
 
 seskUe • sessllis, e (of leaves st<^7-5 
 cto tofl; siem. «>t«A'>«t a footstalk) : 
 
 "!."ps8ioii ; I. •'"''""'^ "-^ "J""''* "'■ 
 
 J«ca sessio: (rare; in this sense 
 r^ythe days 0/ tfte s.s. dies sessionum. 
 
 llln Dig. }8, 15, 2. ^ I- ••; ^"" 
 onlv sessions = assi:e^- conventus. us, 
 r ^ST set o«« i«to nearer Gaul to 
 Zid the S.S. Caesar i" Galliam c.teriorem 
 ^conventus agendos V^'^^^^-^; 
 
 clteriorisperactis, ib 5. V"'*„^fV;/- s 
 6. 44. ex«r. P h r. : tfie day of the ss^ 
 diet*ludicil. Liv. 2, M. ™^f;- «« ''f ""^ 
 ss fonim agere, Cic. Att. 5. 'f. .','«• 
 II ^ ccmplete l.rm or peruKl during 
 u,J"- a bJ, is sitUny: be^i J^J^^ 
 •sessio (without ancient authontj, but 
 neSed for brevi.y). Phr.: there jrdl 
 ITanaiUumn s of l-arliament, •per 
 dies auctumnales senatus [parlamentum] 
 
 ^tp^terce- 1 sestertius: which in 
 spflkinfof Waller sums is "sed qmte 
 reeularly; as. septem sestertii; mille 
 StertU: etc. l>arge sums are expressed 
 t^ the collect, form sest<>rtium (= iniUe 
 
 oontena sestertia, Cic, Par. 6, i »^"- 
 with the distrib. numeral as >n example 
 eiven but also with a cardinal, ab, 
 i'eptem sestertia. Hor. Kp. '• 1; 8- Ve^ 
 large sums are expr. by *e numeial 
 adverbs • decies gesterlium (H. !>., »• «■ 
 flS) standing for a null ion sesterces. 
 For further particulars, see ^^■^.^■ 
 64020, sqq. 2. 'ess freq.. sestertius 
 ^U',^us'(numus) to '^-lockdo.on^pro^ 
 vertufor a s. (a m.« trifle), nummo 
 se terlio bona addicere. Cic lUb. Pos . 
 n iC • Col 3 also less freq., num- 
 mus numus) alone : Cic Verr 5, 60 140. 
 set (od J ) •• I. ««?«'«»• •■ /"'•""'i i.f ' 
 
 a^ftspeH. expr. "T .«f ^^°™f f/ 1 
 having be,caiUd the misjortunes of the 
 RepMic in s. terms, and tn a Aifi^A 
 floum style, c. atq.ie magnifice casum 
 {Spublicae miseratus. Sail. C Jl."**/^- 
 C<usar spoke <Lell and in s. terms about 
 life and death, Caesar bene ac c. de vita 
 
 ni8 
 
 ac morte disserutt, ib 52. ad ^- Ji- 
 Established: prescribed: 1. s^tus^ 
 a s day, dies s., Liv. zn. 2J. >"■ • « 
 soiemn^nd s. sacrifu^ ^^'f-^^nf 
 statum sacrificium. Cic. Tusc. L 41. " ?; 
 O ratus v. settled. 3. P™*^ 
 scripTis s.>/.^m. 0/p-a.ers, *pvecu>ri 
 
 formulae praescriptae: v. ^orm- P' ^^;, 
 ,riWi s. purpose, i«te««to«. de industria 
 opera dedita : V. PUKPOSE (on). 
 
 Lf f<!)tbs^- I. ^ numlw 01 col 
 
 v. SERVICE (\ 11.); "• v„/^^; 1 
 
 persons customarily °-!^««;f*^f -(,1^ ^; 
 
 globus- .tftat^. »/ «'-:,7. S ■: al 0/ 
 nobiUtatis, ball. J. »5. "« J"^' . ^ 
 oor-spfrafors, conjurationis ^^ Vell^2, 58. 
 vied ■ so, conseiisionis g.. ^ep- ^u. e, 
 
 y- 2 "^fn''&'rron^^".t! 
 
 fu™m"K. r-E-.4.\6. m. 
 
 ^-TTf^n-'^^is'TnfinUv 
 ^r^U^/shLt» pZtS, tungs, quicksets, 
 TeSiLS. malleoli, P'antae -ment., 
 viviradices, propagmes, Ci^ Sen^ 1 ,. 52 _ 
 rf Plin n, lo, 9, ./'«• (arbores piove 
 'r^unlaut ^iantis ifcis aut prop..gine 
 Ptcl 2 viviradix. icis, /. ^a q uc/, 
 tn • V sum-. 3. virga: he grafts the 
 sin a chft of the barfc fissa cort.ce 
 virgam ins4it,-0v. M. .4. 6^0 I 
 
 ootri.^i- A. Trans. |. lopime 
 in an upright positim : 1 statue, ui 
 fuum f: theys. great bouU. magnas 
 crTras statuunl, Virg. Aen. i. 124 • 
 /(/feco«cto7<e«, hie lectulos statuite 
 PI Pers 5, I, 1 : to s. any erne m his 
 TeadV the ground, aliquem capUe ad 
 1 tprram s . Ter. Ad. J, 2, 18 2. ^sto, 
 Saturn, 5 : you ,rere ^i-fthejar^ 
 its lead, capite sistebas caduni, PI. Mil. 
 ,2 J6: and u-e s. the vumster m the 
 I'acr'ed citadel et monstrum sacra ta 
 ^istimus arce, Virg. Aen. 2, 245. . II. 
 To^uce fix. station: 1. pono, posui 
 l^iZli . he had not -footq ground 
 los. his foot «f>o« ub, Pf''™ P-Xre 
 non habebat, Cic. Vm. 4. ^]: <^ "'«[.* 
 C ss a guard, ibi praesidium ponit 
 Caes B G 2, 5, fin. : to s. an ambush 
 2a"-*' -^V<-e,insidias contra aliquem 
 
 r. Pic AoT 2. 18, 49- <s. siamo, {. 
 t's Mep^^oners in //.* m.da[e, captives 
 in m.xlio statuit, Liv. 21, 42. md. Fig. . 
 patrem ante ejus eculos ^'atuisti. Cic. de 
 br I 51. /;«. Comp. censtitue, J to s. 
 the UgU^d infrmt of the camp legione 
 
 on <fte /li^A*-'* i^«^^ "/ *''.* '"^"": 
 taj«s, cohortPB summis ment.um jug s 
 
 -uti' Tac H ?, I"!, ""'- -' ' ■ 
 ^liifm '.efme t/.e aWars. vlctimam ante 
 aras s., 6v. M. 15, IJ2- 4. loc"..'- 
 to s. an ambush for any one, aliciu m- 
 ^idin-s 1. PI. Rud. ?, 5. il /a**"^ 
 me%i Va.ci«e^ to be brought fon.:ard 
 and s. opposite. Caesar crates proferr. 
 et a^versas locan jnssit, Cae^ B^^: '- 
 46 init : cf. Sail. J. 100, med. (milites 
 m munimentis locare). t'on.p. .-^ col- 
 6co I : to s. t/.e legions upon our necks. 
 Sues in cervicibusnostrisc, id.Fam 
 12 23 med.: having got iH>sse^swn of 
 tl I'rZhe S.S a gu^rd there, occuv^o 
 oppido ibi praesidium ^oUo.-at Caes B G 
 I -8 extr Fig. to s. c»ie s /to;>e on tty. 
 ]±^in issJ of ''-^/'l^-Vr™!" 
 incprto rellqui t«mP«"^,!^*^"'" '••*/;'«• 
 Oiiint 26. 8J. /in. Ill ^^ appoint, 
 cmsiitut^ statue, constUuo: v. to _ap- 
 Xt IV. roplant.«satree:sere| 
 
 consero, } v to plant. V. Jo re , 
 gulate or adjust: as 1" /«* «„'^«*^„\• 
 ?onsti.uo. ui «tum J • tos.a.cU.k. 
 
 l^lt^Tadai'^^^thnotX^isahymn: 
 
 pe b *(carmini) modes ap.are accem- 
 
 Inudaie.' Vll ^o ."== ""^ "f^"^, 
 I ieitefs . 1 ineUido, si. sum. J : to s. 
 %e emeralds in gold, grandes smaragdos 
 
 anro i.. Lucr. 4. i ill- 2. expr. by dw- 
 ttaguo xi. ctum, iito mark at mtervaU. 
 ^^nwith smnething biighler to stud) : 
 cups of gold. s. ,. ith se".s, pocula ex auro 
 gemmis distincta, Cic Verr. 4. 21, 62 : 
 to of tlie stars in the sky, id. N. D. 2, JT, 
 q; v.TO^uD. vm. To replace vn. 
 its vroper position, as to set a limb : 
 Tmeiibrum m suam sedem re- 
 nellere s. reponere, Cels. 8, I. 2. co'" 
 &o I to s. a broken thigh, cexam 
 lSctamc..Plin.Ep.2 I. 5:""'^^;;' 
 well parum apte c, ib. 2, 1, •>■ lA. 
 M isce 1 1 i'h r. • to s. a v.t, rete ponere. 
 Vir-G I. 5°r tos. a t,ai, (fig.), in- 
 .ilias alicui parare, Cic. R. Am. ^, 2<>-. 
 ZsZn as ever he s. foot in th^pro^^e 
 simul ac provinciam tetigit, Cic. Verr. I, 
 To 27: IS. a good face upon it, spem 
 leltu simulavi^Ains.)- to s. things in 
 order disponere. ordmare (v. to ar^ 
 R^GE) : to s. in motion, incitare, moyere 
 C V MOVE. MOTION) -.tos.a icaich {sentry). 
 viriliam ponere {passim): to s a razor 
 ic^ltrum^. novaculam cha ybe acuere 
 ,. exacuere (Kr.): to s. sa^U ^e, a dare, 
 Virg. Aen. I, h; facere C,c. Iusc^4. 
 4 q; pandere (^unfurl), id. Tusc. 4, 5, 9 
 ?;'sAiL)- to s. o»/oot. instituere: cf 
 1 Cic. Phil. 3, 12, io,fin.: I s. the boj 
 a^ing, ad lacrymas P«e™«».3 
 PI B icc 4 8. 5T to s. a vessel abroach, 
 \ rva^ne'rebrre.". perfovare: tos.|.o««c^ 
 to a thing, modum aliciyus r.-i h. bere, 
 Pir Verr. 2. 59, 144. B. intian*-- 
 ro <^ef ,ne ;' to^cTdou^ to passjMom 
 thf horizon: 1. occido. tidi, casum, 
 \%teuZlnord): the sun setiing, 
 ' risina bOlem occidentem, enent^m, Cic. 
 Vrf;8:2j: Cat. 5,4 (soles ecadei-eet 
 
 redire pessunt) : Liv. 2. o"*^' "■ 
 Hum 4 (a somewhat poet, er rhetor, 
 expression) : the sun rising and setting, 
 XrienseUbiens,Cic.Rep.6 lojm.: 
 the stars s. and rise again, sideraobeunt 
 nascunturque, Plin. 2, 26, 24,/«. i. 
 decedo, cessi. cessum. } (P°ei.) : t^e «^" 
 settinij doubles the increasing shadxrws. 
 rJl c^escenies decedens duphcat um- 
 bras. Virg. E. 2. 6t cl. Id. G T. 222 
 1 (decedat stella Coronae). 4. "ido. 
 ^gcidi. casum. 3 (also chiefly poet. ) : 
 7^r the end of the ocean and the sMii.g 
 I rZ eceani finem juxta solemque caden- 
 I .„™ iH Apn A. 480: Orion s.s, Onon 
 
 I a™'. Hen EpoJ- ^°. '"^ ""^ '"'' Tf 
 1 ,k' ;" vMn it ss, extreinus cadentis 
 
 solis fulgor. Tac. G. 45, »"»*- • '=^- ^"^^• 
 
 ^Tet'abOUt . 1. *n"P'°' '^^P'-v!!,?' 
 turn 3 : to raf.o«t M-asi»«? vars, belU 
 i P r N D 2, 3. 9 •■ V TO BHGIN. 2. 
 
 nch6e. . : to s. about a ,nost glorwus 
 aMev^ment, polch^^imum ac.mis . 
 i Curt. 6. 1, ad init. 3. suscipio, { . v. 
 TOjm.ERrAK^^ • I. ro plar.e oneself 
 
 in a Stat! of enmity or W^f^^" = »?: 
 
 I to/e apa.:nst t/i«H. q"'^'^ "lajorenj^ ci- 
 1 viUtis partem e^^speras.e.t.V^l.J^- 
 
 ' ^^inst lis father by '^i^rn.tl.<.*2, 
 animus odio in patrem a ^atre mbutu- 
 erat cf. Tac. H. 2, 85 (favore imbutus) , 
 mu studia in patrem maternae acuerant 
 ullnSe. k rosetonethXngagains^ 
 another in comparison: "VV^^^^J^ 
 « one defeat a^^aivst many mctorus, 
 I muU^ stfundisT,roPliIsunun. adver^m 
 1 o., Caes. B.C. 3. 1J. ad mit. : v. TO COM 
 
 i ''^!12'apart • 1. seP^no. 3 (set aside. 
 
 resei-^x) I thought that it had been s 
 U^rtYor that%hrine.id ego '^^^>"«^ 
 
 fan.im sepositum putabani Cic Alt. 15. 
 ' tTadfin ■ he picked out some of the 
 I chi^sand s.them apart fur the tn- 
 
 Su'lt. Cal. 47. .'"^A..?;l™.f iTLe. 
 
 p^lna distinct cUiss): 1^s.<^rif>c
 
 SET ASIDE 
 
 SETT E R 
 
 SETTLE 
 
 portixm of the booty for the pMic trea- 
 sury, nihil praedae in publicum s., Li v. 
 ■), 1 6, init.: Jupiter hutU s. apart llieie 
 shores fur tlie piuus raiy, Jupiter ilia 
 piae secrevit litora geiiti. Hor. Kpod. i6, 
 6t. K 1 g. : t)use mrii I willingly eixept 
 and s. apart {in my mind), bosce ego 
 homines exciplo et secemo libenier, Cic. 
 Oat. 4. 7.1 ;• 
 
 set aside : I. 1^ teparaU for a 
 particular purpose : sgpono, j : v. pre- 
 ced. art. ||. Tu reject, annul : 1. 
 resclndo, sciili, scissum, j : you have s. 
 aside the acts of Antoniut ; you liace 
 annulled the laws, acta Anionil re.sci- 
 (listis: eges retixlsiis, Cic. Phil, i {, j, >. 
 
 2, tollo, sustuli, sublatura, j (most 
 gen. term) : v. to ASNtiL, bkpkal. 
 
 before : appuno, j : v. to sebve 
 
 ur. 
 
 by (regard, esteem) : masnl, 
 
 parvi ae.stimo, i : v. to regard, estkkm. 
 
 down ; I. '/"" P«' down any- 
 thing: desiituo, ui iitiun, }: he s. tvx) 
 statues doii-n in this place, duo sigiia 
 liic destituit, PI. Ruii. ?, ;, 4?; Mwius 
 loas $. doitm before the tribunal, Mucius 
 ante tribunal destiuitus est, Liv. 2, 12, 
 Hied. II, 7b note donii in writing : 
 1. n6to, I : V. to note ik^wn. 2. 
 perscribo, psi, ptura, j : to s. doum a 
 wrong entry (in accounts), falsum nomen 
 p., Cic. Rose. Com. I, 2. 
 
 forth : I. "^o off^'' or present 
 
 to view : 1. expono, j : (used In fig. 
 sense of discourse) : Gall us began to s. 
 forth the plan of this work; Gallus ra- 
 tionem hujus operis e. coepit, Cic. Hep. 
 I, 14, nud.i to s. forth verbosely, plu- 
 ribus verbis e., id. Fin. j, 4, 15. 2. 
 pxplico. avi arid ui (the latter post- 
 Aug.), atum or itum, i {gradually to 
 iteiKlop an argument, ami s. itfortli): 
 to s. forth anything very plainly and 
 clearly, aliquid apertissime planissime- 
 que e., Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 1 56 ; to enlarge 
 upon and s. forth a speech, orationem 
 dilalare atque e., id. de Or. i, J5, i6j. 
 
 3. dissero, rui, rtum, j : (lit. to ar- 
 range and s. forth arguments) : you 
 had s. forth many things amcerning 
 eloquence, permulta de eloquentia dis- 
 serueras, id. de Or. 2, 5. 1 ;. C'omp. 
 edissero, ; (rare) : nor need u-e s. forth 
 the end of thai unhappy family, neque 
 necesse est edisseri a nobis, quae finis 
 funestae familiae, id. Leg. 2, 22, 5?: 
 iMelius s.fortli the same things, Laelius 
 eadem edisseniit, Liv. 27, ",. init. : Virg. 
 
 4. expromo. mpsi, mptum, i {bring 
 mit to view): but s. forth, if you please, 
 those laws of yours about religion, sed 
 ezprome, 8l placet, istas leges de reli- 
 gione, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, IT : to s. forth what 
 can be said for each opinion, quid in 
 quamque sententiani dici p<jssii e., id. 
 Div. 2, 72, 150. II. To start on a 
 journey : v. TO SKT-of r. 
 ■ forward : I. ^o •'*' ""* *"* ^ 
 
 journey : pr6firisor)r, lectns. J : v. TO 
 .SET OUT. II. I o advancf the interests 
 of: pr6m6ve<), niovi, moium, l: v. TO 
 
 ADVA^•CE, PROMOTE. 
 
 — in : '. e. to come on, begin to 
 prevail ; 1. inclto, f (with prcn. re- 
 flect. : to set in as a tidx or a current : 
 this word has thj idea of rushing in 
 with force) : when the tide had s. injrom 
 the deep sea, quum ex alto se aestus tn- 
 citavis.set, Caes. B. G. }, 12, init. : which 
 loay the force of the cuirent had s. in, 
 quo major vis aquae se incitavisset, lb. 
 4, !•), ad fin. 2. appPto, ivi and ii, 
 itum, 4 (used of seasons) : nivter was 
 setting in, hiems appetebat, Tac. Agr. 
 10, ad fin. : Liv. 
 
 — off: I. ^ extol, praise : pr.ie- 
 dico, vendito : v. to praise, extol. 
 
 II, n (loom, embellish : 1. illu- 
 mino. I : the purple s.s off the rolie, 
 purpura ve.stem llluminnt, F'lln. 9, j6, 
 60, Jin. Fig.: metaphor espei-ially dis- 
 tinguishes and s.s off a speech, translattmi 
 maxinie notat et illumlnat orationem, 
 Cic. deOr. j.4?, 170: cf. yuint. 12, 10, j6 
 (oratio translaiorum nltore illumlnanda). 
 
 2 lllnstro, I to s. off a speech, 
 oratli'iieiii 1.. Cic. Or. i"), 92. 3. oruo. 
 
 adomo, i : v. to adokk. 4. distinguo, 
 nxl, nctum, ? : to varyarvl s. off a speech, 
 orationem variare ci d. fquasi quibusdam 
 verlx)runi senteiitiarumque insignibusj, 
 id. de Or. 2, 9, }6. 
 
 set on : I. fo instigate ; 1. im- 
 mitto, roisi, missum, j (not so in Cic.): 
 some said that Tarquinius had been s. 
 <m by Cicero, alii Tarquiiiium a Cicerone 
 Ininiissum alebant. Siill. < '. 48, /in.: he 
 g.s (III .s'ltillius to accuse thrm both, Suil- 
 lium atciisandis utrisque inimlttit, Tac. 
 .\. II, I, init. 2. iustigo, i: to s. a 
 dog on any one, cauem in allquem i., 
 J'etr. 95 : v. TO inotigatk, incite. II. 
 To attack: iul6rior, Invado : v. TO fall 
 i;i'ON, attack. 
 
 — on fire : ho'h m and ^k- ■ 1. 
 
 incendo, ndi. nsuni, ; : they s. all their 
 toicvs and villages on tire, oppida sua 
 omnia, vicosque incendunt, Cais. B. U. 
 I, 5, init. : he ordered the fleet to be s. on 
 fire, classem incendlque jussit, Cic. Verr. 
 5. ? 5i 91 : tos. incense on fire, lus et odore 
 In., ib. 4, ?5, T7 : v. to fiue. 2. ac- 
 cendo, di, sum, } {to light up, hiiuMe) : 
 Cod sj the, sun on fire, Deus solem ac- 
 cendit, Cic. Tusc. 9, 28. 
 
 out: prOficiscor, fectus, j : he 
 
 s. out from my house on the Ides, ille 
 Idibus'a me profectus est, Cic. Att 9, 9, 4, 
 init. : he hastens to s. out from the city, 
 maturat ab urbe p., Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 
 init. : V. to D^:PART. 
 
 over : 1. praef Icio, feci, fec- 
 
 tum, J : Otho is s. over the province of 
 Lusitania, Otbo provinciae Lusltaniae 
 praeficitur, Tao. A. I !, 46, fm. : he s. 
 Datis over the fleet, Datlm classi prae- 
 fecit, Nep. Milt. 4, init. 2. impono, 
 p6sui. pflsitum, ? (denoting the imposi- 
 tion of a yoki- from n-ithout) : the l.are- 
 ilaemonians s. thirty men over the con- 
 quered Athenians, l,acedaemonlidevi(tis 
 Atheniensibus trigiiita vlros iniposuere, 
 .Sail. C. 51, ad fin.: to s. a hing over 
 Macedonia, Macedoniae regem i., Liv. 
 40, 12, ad fin. 3. In pass, sense, 
 
 praesum, fui, i'. n. (constr. with dat. or 
 absol.) : one man is s. over all the Ihuids, 
 omnibus Druidibus praeesi unus, Caes. 
 H (i. 6, I },./('«. • who had been s. over the 
 Heel, qui clitssi pracerant, id. B. C. j, 2?. 
 ni'd. : to be s. over affairs in that pro- 
 vince, in ea provincia p., Cic. Verr. }, 
 77, 180. 
 
 — round : 1. circumpsno, j : 
 Hor. S. 2, 4, 75 (piper catillis c): Petr. 
 2. circumdo, i : v. to sirkott>i). 
 
 up: \, To place upright : 1. 
 
 statuo, ui, utum, } : to set up a little 
 pillar on a mound of earth, columellam 
 super terrae tiimulum s., Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 
 66: to s. up a trophy, tropaeum .s., id. 
 Inv. 2, 25,69: tos. up tents, tabernacula 
 .s., Caes. B.C. I, 81, ivit. Comp. (1). con- 
 slituo (with the additional notion of 
 ImiUling, cimslriuting) : to s. vp a 
 sepulchre, sepuUrum c, Ov. M. 6, 568 : 
 he began to s. up turn towers, turres 
 duas c. coepit, Caes. B. G. 7. 17, init. 
 (2). restituo, ? {to set up again): the 
 senate decreed that our statue of Mineri'a 
 should be s. up again, senatus decrevlt 
 ut Minerva nostra restitueretur, Cic. 
 Fam. 12, 25, init. : to s. up a tree again, 
 arborem r., Virg. G. 2, 272. 2. Cripo, 
 J : V. TO erect. II. To establish in 
 the u-ay of business : instruo. xi, ctum, j : 
 to s. up an iim, thermopolium in , PL 
 Ps. I, 4, 52 : to s. a per.'ion up uHh a 
 shop, *aliquem taberna instrumentoq\ie 
 exomare. |||. To set up v-ith au- 
 
 thority: constituo, ui, iitum, ; : tos. up 
 kings in the stale, reges In civitat<> c, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 6, I? the decemriral power 
 lieing s. up in all the cities, decemyirali 
 iv)testate in omnibus urblbusconstituta, 
 .Sep. Lys. 2, init. Phr. : to s. up any 
 one's firrtune, 'rortunas prlstinas resti- 
 tucri'. 
 
 setaceous: setlster (chiefly poet.; 
 not fcimid in Cic.) ; sriosiis : v. bristlv. 
 
 seton : »'" f^v^y • p&pyrus (a slip 
 of papyrus b<-lng employed) : to intro- 
 ducf a s., p. InJIcere, Veg. Vet. 2, 26. 
 
 settee : lectus, lectaius : v. a>fcH. 
 
 setter : I. -^ person who sets jewels : 
 
 inclusor (rare and very late) : s.s of gold 
 and jewels, iiiclusores aurl atqut? gt^m- 
 niarum, Hier. in Jerem. s, 24 (Korct-IL). 
 II. A dog used in sporting, •oinis 
 venaticus quern Anglice setter appelUiit 
 (c. familiaris. Wood). 
 
 setting {sutis.) : I, The act uf 
 
 sinking beUjir Ote horizon : 1. oct^^d^us, 
 us, m. (used esp. of the sun) : many 
 begin bffr/re the s. of JIaia {Ihe Fleiatl), 
 multi ante o. .Maiae c<j»-pi'ri-, Virg. G. 1, 
 22; : at the s. of tlie tun, si>lls oocabu, 
 Caes. B. G. 1, ;o. 2. obitns, iis, m. 
 (less freq.): tlie rising, s.. and motion 
 if tlie sun, the nu/on, and llf rest of the 
 heavenly bodies, soils el lunae reliquo- 
 rumque siderum onus, o., moiusque, 
 Cic. I>iv. I, ;6, 128: tlie rising and s. 
 of the constellations, signoruni o. et 
 ortus, Virg. G. 1, 257. ||. Vie inclo- 
 sure of precious stones in gold, etc., 
 perh. •inclilsura (by anal.): or expr. by 
 ger. part., etc., of includo : v. to set 
 (VIL). 
 
 settins on fixe {fut't.) : inccntio 
 
 (rare): the s. on jire of tlie Capitol, 1 
 Capitolii, Cic. Cat. j, 4, 9 (L'su. expr. 
 b.T verb : v. to fire.) 
 settle {tuJbs.): sella (gen. term): v. 
 
 .seat. 
 
 settle (o.): A. Trans.: |. 
 To place in a permanent condition or 
 place : 1. coiistlluo, ul, utum, J 
 
 the Gracchi s.d the pUbeiant on the 
 public lands, Gracchi plebem In agris 
 publicls constltuerunt, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, lo- 
 where Caesar had s.d the Utivetii, ubi 
 Caesar Helvetlosconslltuis8et,Caeij. B. G 
 I, I J. 2. colloto, I (rare in this sen^e): 
 he s.d a great number in tin country, 
 niultiliulinem in agris coll.<:avli, Nep. 
 Milt. I, init. II. TV) .<:. a prisim in 
 
 Ife; a-i. to marry a daughter: collOco: 
 later, niariio, i : v. to marbv (IL). 
 III. To determine uiiot is uncertain : 
 constituo, i ■ to s. the price of com, 
 pretium fruniento c, Cic. Verr. 1, 7J, 
 171 : he s.d the places (/« be occupiai) 
 by the senators, loai st-natoribus on- 
 stituit. Suet. Claud. 21 tn s. Oie day for 
 the wedding, diem nupills c. Pi. Ir. 2, 
 4, 1 76. Also, statuo, } : and praeslltuo 
 {to s. beforehand): v. to fix (IL); 
 where other equivalents are given. 
 IV, To adjust, arrange amicably: 
 1. compono, pOsui, positum, j: 
 theys.it with the greatest harmiyn y wKom 
 they should di.^miss. cum fuiiinia CBO- 
 cordia quos diniiiiiTent, comio'suerunt, 
 Liv. 40, .\o,fin.: it u-os s.d among theim 
 that Latiaris should devise a plot, inter 
 ipsos compositum ut Latiaris slrueret 
 dolum, Tac A. 4, 68. med. 2. expr. 
 to be sji by convenirer v. to fix (11. ,6). 
 See also to arrange, agree i-pos. 
 Phr.: to s. a dispute, coniroverBiam 
 dinmere, Cic. Off. j, U, 119: contro- 
 versiam compoiiere. Gies B. C. I, <).fin. : 
 conlroversiam >edare. Cic. Balb. i<*, Jf: 
 
 V. TO DECIDE. V. '^'' 'W"<^<1^ <» <'^^' 
 
 pay an account : \, exvK-dlu, ivi and il. 
 itiim,4 : s.,pay my debts for Gad's take, 
 nomlna mea. per deus, expedi, exaolve, 
 id. Att. 16, 6, ad fin. : cf. Ib. 12. 29, ./in 
 2. piito, I : in plir. rallonem (orp/.) 
 putiire : let the steward s. acaninU with 
 his master, vlllicus raiiouem cum do- 
 mino putel. Cjil". K. K. ?, inU. : to t. 
 accounts with the farmers of laxet, 
 rationes cum puUiianis p., Cic Atl. 4, 
 II, init. 3. explkv, av| and ul, 
 
 (latter post.-Aug). atnm or Hum. i • if 
 Faberius sj that account, si Fjlxriua 
 illud nomen ixpliaii. Cic. Alt. u. 29, 
 fin. 4. libiTo. I (rare in this senr^Jl: 
 prob. only in phr., to s. debts, nomina I., 
 Liv. 7, 21. fin. 6. cmiKjno, f: to s. 
 the familii accounts, T,iUu\i'-6 lamiltar«s 
 c, tac. A. 6, l'>. hn. VI. /"o f* *>* 
 gift, arant, or any legal act at an 
 annuity : expr. by dAre, praestire, prvr- 
 bere, ri"Unqu(>re I with tn i.on Im-ius 
 Titius an annuity of ten aurei for life, 
 Lucio TItio dari volt> annuos quam diu 
 vivat anreos deoem, Scacv. Ihgest. jj. I. 
 1} : so praestarl volo. ib. 18 and 19 (an- 
 nua alimenta praestire). See also to 
 LEAVE (11.). VII. TOcf^c^ixe: L 
 7«J
 
 SETTLED 
 
 SEVERAL 
 
 SEVER ELT 
 
 coloniam constUuo, j : s. coUSco, i • 
 T. TO COLONIZE. 2. expr. by coloniam 
 deduco ^technical phr. for planting a 
 colony) ■ a place vhich vas s.d by Icing 
 Ancus.qn'-m in locum rex Ancus colo- 
 niam dedu.xit, Cic. Eep. 2, i : also foil. 
 by in and abl. : Liv. 40, J4, init. 
 (Aquileia colonia in agro Gallorum est 
 deducta). So colonos deduoere, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 14: V. colony; to colonize. 
 B. In trans. |. To fall to 
 
 the bottom of liquor, to subside : sido, 
 di, } • a drop of balsam s.ing at the 
 bottom of tlie vessels, gutta balsami ad 
 Ima vasa sidens, Plin. 12, 25, 54. 
 Comps. consldo; resldo ve will allow 
 the pitch to s., and when it has s d we 
 unll strain off the water, patiemur pi- 
 cem 0. et quum siderit aquam eliqua- 
 bimus. Col. 12, 24. l : v. to sikk down. 
 II. To come to rest in any place: 
 1, Bido, J (poet, in this sense) : the 
 doves s. upon the tref., Cdlumbae super 
 arbore sidunt, Virg. Aen. 6, 2oj: much 
 more frequent Is: Comp. insido, sedi, 
 *essum, J (with dat. or ace.) . the bees s. 
 an thejtoiieis, apes floribus insidunt, ib. 
 6, ^oS ill-omened birds s.d upon the 
 Capitol, insessum diris avibus Capi- 
 tolium, Tac. A. 12, 4?, tni«. 2. cor- 
 ral, to above are sgdeo, insideo. 2 
 (to be actually s.d, whereas sido, insido, 
 mean to alight) : v. to sit ; to alight. 
 III. To fix one's habitation: 1. 
 consldo, sedi, ssuni, j / doubt whetlur 
 1 shaU s. here or at Antium, dubito 
 hie an Antil considam, Cic. Att. 2, 6, 
 med. : you vfill not expect a long letter 
 from me before I shall have s.d some- 
 where, antequam aliquo loco consedero 
 non longas a me literas expectabis, ib. 
 5, 14, init. : to s. in the territories of the 
 Vhii, in Ubiorum finibus c, Caes. B. 6. 4, 
 8,med. 2. collSco, 1 (viiihpr(m.rejiect.): 
 he has s.d at Athens, Athenis se coUoca- 
 vit, Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 4. 3. consisto, stiti, 
 stitum, } (rare in this sense), the Oauls 
 slew the Roman citizens who had s.d 
 there, Galli cives Romanos qui ibi con- 
 stiterant, interficiunt, Caes. B. (J. •;, }, 
 init. 4. insido, } (rare and poet.) : a 
 nation renoivned in war has s.d on the 
 Etruscan heights, gens bello praeclara 
 )ugis insedit Etruscis, Virg. Aen. 8, 480 : 
 of. ib. 10, 59. 5. resido, ; (v. rare and 
 poet.) : to s. in the Sicilian lands, Siculis 
 arvis r., ib. 5, -702. IV- I"" «"'*^ by its 
 own weight, as abuilding : subsldo, sedi, 
 sessum, j : v to sink. V. ^'0 C""'<^ 
 to an agreement : constituo, j : we s.d 
 among oursdve* to .... constituimus 
 inter nos ut . . ., Cic. Fin. 5,1, i : v. to 
 
 AGREE CPON. 
 
 settled («'«;.); 1. certus {sure, 
 certain) : to inquire why tliey suear m 
 s. words, come together at a s. time, and 
 depart at a s. time, quaerere cur in c. 
 verba jurent, cur c. tempore conveniant, 
 c. discedant, Cic Inv. 2, 4;, i?2: s. 
 boundaries, certi liniites, Hor. Ep. 2, 2^ 
 no. 2. exploratus (/oun<J sure): a 
 great and almost s. hope, magna et prope 
 e. spes. Cic. Phil. lo 10, 20 : a s. peace, 
 pax e., ib. "], 6, 16 : a s. plan, ratio e., 
 id. N. D. I, 2?, 64. 3. confessHs 
 {ploicd beyond all doubt): a s. thing, 
 res c, id. Verr. j, 56, ijo. 4. ratus 
 (definitely fixed and ratified) : that our 
 friendship' and alliance may be s. for 
 ever, ut amicitia societasque nostra in 
 aeternum rata sit, Tac. H. 4, 64, med. : 
 a s. and fixed command, Jussum r. atqne 
 firmum.'Cic. Caecln. n. 96. Phr ■ it 
 is a s. point with phihsopliers, inter 
 omnes philosophos constat- v. agreed 
 ON, TO BE to consider anything as s., pro 
 explorato habere, Caes. B. G. 6, 5 the 
 matter is not yet s.d, adhuc sub judice 
 lis est, Hor. A. P "j^. 
 
 settlement* I. The matter which 
 falls to the bottom of liqwr, the dregs : 
 faex, faecls, / ; v dregs, sedfment. 
 II, In law, a jointure granted to a 
 wife : dos. dotis, /. ; v 'dowry. Or 
 expr by verb ; v. to settle (VI.). |||. 
 The act of planting a colony : deductio 
 a cruel and miserahle s. of the soldiers 
 in the tovms, in opplda militum crudelis 
 
 et misera d., Cic. Phil. 2, 2;, 62 in the 
 s. of the town, in deductione oppidi, 
 I'lin. 2, 52, ;?, fin. JV. 7''*'^ colony 
 planted ; cBlonia . v colony. V. 
 Arrangement of an affair, compositio, 
 ordiuatio ; v. adjdstmknt, arrange- 
 ment. VI. ■?'''« payment of an ac- 
 count: expr. by (aes alienum) solvere, 
 persolvere: v. to pay, settle (V.) 
 
 settler- lifacountry: 1, 
 cSlonus : he orders land to be given to 
 these s.s, iis colonis agrum dari jubet, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 28, T5: ■«■• colonist. 2. 
 advena (new comer, stranger: a term 
 naturally applied to s.s by the natives 
 of a country) Liv. I, 2, init. Join: 
 peregrini atque advenae, Cic. Agr. 2, J4, 
 extr. II. CoUoq. in phr. that is.as. : 
 perh. habet or hoc habet (gladiatorial 
 phr.) . cf Virg. Aen. 12, 296 (graviter 
 lerit atque ita fatur; hoc habet): PI.. 
 Ter. 
 
 seven ! 1. septem : s. and thirty 
 years, a. et triginta annos, Cic. Rep. 2, 
 ro, init. : Thales who was the ivisest of 
 tlie s. sages, Thales qui sapientissimus 
 in s. fuit, id. Lee z. n. 26. 2. sep- 
 teni, ae, a (s. at a time: poet, when 
 used simply lor septem) : the tno bundles 
 contained s. books each, duo fasces sep- 
 tenos habuere libros, liv. 40, 29, med. : 
 s. goblets each, s, cyathi, PI. Pers. 5, i, 
 19. Septeni, esp. with subs., only used 
 in the pi., has the force of s. at once : 
 boys of s. years, pueri sfptenum an- 
 norum, Cic. Verr. 2, 49, 122. s. letters, 
 *literae septenae, not literae septem, 
 which would mean «. letters of the 
 alphabet. Phr.: s. times, sr-pties, id. 
 Phil. 2, J7. 9?- cf. Liv. 28, 6, med.- a 
 period of s. years, septem anni s. sep- 
 tuennium which is v. late (R. and A.). 
 
 -fold : 1. septemple.x, plitis 
 
 (with s. layers) : a s. shield, s. clipeus, 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 925 ; Ov. M. l}, 2. 2. 
 poet, septeni, ae, a: s. coil (of a serpent), 
 s. volumina, Virg. Aen. 5,8;. 3. trans, 
 by circl. septies tanlum. quam quantum, 
 etc., they have reaped s., septies tantiim 
 quam quantum satum sit, ablatum est 
 ab iis, Cic. Verr. j, 4?, 102. Phr.: the 
 seed yields a s. return, ex eodcm se- 
 niine cum septimo redit, cf. Cic. Verr. j, 
 
 hundred: septingenti septin- 
 
 geni (distrib.) : pass. 
 
 seventeen; septemdecim s. sep- 
 tendecim : we are numbered among the 
 s. nations of Sicily, nos in s. populis 
 Siciliae numeramur, Cic. Verr. 5, 47, 
 124. Also separately : septem et decem, 
 Cic. de Sen. 6, 16 ; aiid decem et septem. 
 Liv. jj, 21, fin. : he served his first 
 campaign at the age of s., primum sti- 
 pendium meruit annorum decem septem- 
 que, Nep. Cato, i, mci. : s. thousand, 
 decem septem millia, Liv. 24, 15, init. 
 Distrib. septeni deni (s. at a time) . s. 
 times, * septies decies. 
 
 seventeenth : septimus decimus. 
 
 seventh: septimus : pass. Adv. 
 Phr.; for the s. time, septimum, Cic. 
 N. D. J, ii,fin.: also septimo, Gell. 10, 
 I : the soldiers of the s. legion, septi- 
 mani, Tac. H. j, 25, med._ 
 
 seventieth: septuageslmus . the s. 
 year, annus s., Cic. Div. i, 2j, 46 : the s. 
 camp, castra septuagesima, Liv. 18, 16, 
 med. 
 
 seventy ! septuaginta a hundred 
 and s., centum s., Cic. Verr. i, 52, 121 : 
 s.-seven years, septem et s. annos, Nep. 
 Att. 21, init. Distrib. septiiageni- «. 
 feet each. s. pedes, Plin. ^6, 1;, 19, ^ 92. 
 Phr.: a man s. years old, homo septua- 
 ginta annos natus, cf. Cic. Brut, to, fin. : 
 homo septi5iigenarius,_Callistr. Dig. 50, 6, 
 5, $ 7 : s. times, septiiagies. Col. 5, 2, 7 
 
 seventy-fold cum septuagesimo 
 V. seven-fold. 
 
 sever ; separo, disjungo, etc . v. to 
 
 SEPARATE. 
 
 several' I. Separate, distinct: 
 expr. by singiili, ae, a . v. each, single. 
 (PjIvus in this sense is peculiar to Lucr. : 
 cf N. R. 4, 261, privam quamque par- 
 ticulam, each s. atom.) See also sever- 
 ally. II. Denoting a numberi more 
 
 than one or two: \. aliquot, indecl.: 
 s. (a considerable number) letters, a. epi- 
 stoIae.Cic. Fam. 7, 18 : for s. reasons, a. 
 de causis, Caes. B. S. }, 2. 2. pliires, 
 a (more than one) : more counsel in s 
 than in one, plus in pluribus consili) 
 quam in uno, Cic. Rep. I, }$ : Caes. 
 3, strengthened from preced. com- 
 plrires, a (a good many) : Cic. Caes. 
 Phr.; s. times, aliquoties, Cic. Quint, i, 
 i also, pluries (mare than once), Caes. 
 B. C. I, 79 . and compluries (a good 
 many times), Cato in Gell. (both these 
 latter rare). 
 
 severally: expr. by slnguli, ae, a 
 (each singly) : opp. to universi (all to- 
 gether), Cic. Agr. 2, Ji, 85 ; v. singly 
 (Privus, peculiar to Lucr. v. several, 
 L). 
 
 severe : 1. Characterized by 
 
 harshness , giving no indulgence : 1. 
 darns (harsh and inflexible) : a s. father, 
 d. pater, Ter. Heaut. }, i, }o: a some- 
 what s. judge. Judex durior, Cic. Fin. 
 2, 19. 62. Join durus atque in- 
 exorabilis, Ter. 2. acer, cris, ere 
 
 (denoting an active and energetic quality, 
 as durus denotes ratuer a passive one) : 
 s. masters, domini acres, Lucr. 6, bj : 
 to punish a pernicious citizen with s.r 
 punishments than the bitterest enemy, 
 acrioribus suppliclis civem pemiciosum 
 quam acerbissimum hostem coerccre, 
 Cic. Cat. I, I, J. 3. gravis (in this 
 sense only of things) : we have a decree 
 of the Senate against the'., Catiline, ur- 
 gent and s., habemus Senatus consultum 
 in te, Catilina, vehemens et grave, ib. i, 
 I, j: to inflict a vi-ry s. punishment, 
 gravissimum supplicium sumere, Caes. 
 
 B. 6. I, }i,fin. 4. severus (rigorous, 
 strict: also in present sense only of 
 things) : a very s. discipline, disciplina 
 maxime s.. Quint, i, 2, 5 : Lycurgus the 
 author of very s. and just laws, Lycur- 
 gus 6e\erissimarum Justissimarumque 
 legum auctor, Veil, i, 6: a rather s. 
 punishment, paulo severior poena. Sail. 
 
 C. 51, med. 5. inclemens (unmerci- 
 ful) : Liv. 8, }2, med. (de Papirio dicta- 
 tore). II, Grave, sober, sedate to an 
 extrem.e : 1. severus : a s. and grave 
 citizen, civis s. et gravis, Cie. Am. 25, 
 95 : the gravest and s st of all men, om- 
 nium gravissimus et severissimus, id. 
 de Or. 2, 56, 228 . the most s. school of 
 the Stoics, Stoicorum secta severissima. 
 Quint. 1, 10, 15. 2. austerus- v. 
 AUSTERE, stern. 3. horridus (stem, 
 austere): Hor. Od. }, 21, 10. Join: 
 [vir] paulo horridior et durior, Plin. Ep. 
 }, J, 5. III. Rigidly exact; as a s. 
 style : 1, severus : a harsh and s. 
 style of oratory, triste et s. genus di- 
 cendl, Cic. Brut, jo, iij : the muse of s. 
 tragedy, s. musa tragoediae, Hor. Od. 2, 
 1. 9- 2. austerus (lit sour, harsh^ 
 flavoured ■ hence, as opp. to exuber- 
 ance and lusciousness of style, etc.) : a 
 s. style of oratory, oratio a.. Quint. 9, 4, 
 128: that he may have a s. and solid 
 not a luscious and effeminate siieetnets 
 of expression, ut suavitatem habeat a. 
 et solidam, non dulcem atque decoctam, 
 Cic. de Or. j, 26, loj. 3. gravis : v. 
 GRAVE, digniffed. |V. Sharp, of a 
 season; distressing, a.s pain: 1, gra- 
 vis (bad, dangerous) : a s. wound, vul- 
 nus g., Caes. B. G. I, 48. 2. acer 
 (acute, painful): a s. disease, a. mor- 
 bus, PI. Men. 5, 2, 121 : s. winter, a. 
 hiems, Hor. Od. i, 4, I. 3. durus «. 
 pains, d. dolores, Virg. Aen. 5, 5 : s. cold, 
 d. frigus. Pi. Men. 5, 6, 10 : s. hunger, 
 fames d., Hor. S. I, 2, 6. 4, acerbus 
 (extremely painful) : a very s. punish- 
 ment, supplicium acerbissimum, Cic Cat. 
 4, 6, 12 the s. cold, frigus a., Hor. Ep. 
 I, 17, 5?. 5. atrox, ocis (violent and 
 deadly): a s. storm, a. tempestas, Tac 
 A. II, iiffin. 
 
 severely : I. Sarshly . with 
 rigour : 1, dure, duriter (harthly, 
 rigorously) : Cic. Lig. 6, 17 (compar.) • 
 Ter. V. HARSHLY'. 2. aspgre (rvith 
 anger and acrimony) : M. Cato wot 
 s. spoken of among the Roman people, 
 M Cato apud populum Romanum a.
 
 8EV E R I T Y 
 
 SHADE 
 
 SHADT 
 
 locutus est, Clc. de Or. i, 5J, 127. 3. | 
 gravlter : it is veri/ s. and cruelly , 
 lUcreed concerning tlie tribunes of the 
 people, de tribmiis plehis gravissinie ac ' 
 acerbissime decernilur, Caes. B. C. i, 5 ; i 
 / do not u~ish to speah too s. against ', 
 him, nolo In ilium gravius dicere, Tcr. | 
 Ad. I, 2, 60 Clc. Li?. 6, 17, where 
 gravissime stands as a kind of superl. to , 
 dure: v. mipr. (L). 4. atrociter (in | 
 a fierce, savage tiuy) : menacing any- 
 one too s., alii ui nimis a. minitans, Cic. ' 
 Verr. 5, 62, 160. 5. acriter : to fiog ! 
 any one very s.. virgis acerrime caedi^re, j 
 ib. S, 54, 142 : to blame very s., acerrime 
 vituperare, id. Att. 7, ;. ||. Strictly, 
 rigorously : 1. severs lie rig'frously I 
 and s. separates pleasure from the good, 
 graviter et s. voluptatem secernit a | 
 bono, Id. Fin. 2, 8, 24 : to u-rite more s. 
 to any one. ad aliquem severlus scribere, 
 Caes. B. C. }, 2;. 2. austere (sternly, 
 austerely) : Cato argues with me s. and 
 like a .S'to/c,agil mccum a. et stoiceCato, 
 Cic. Mur. }?, 74. III. Cbiefly of phy- 
 sical effects ; dangerously, seriously : 
 graviter: s. wounded, g. ictus, Liv. 21, 
 
 7, eztr. : to be s. ill, g. aegrotare, Cic. 
 Off. I, 10, J2- to be Kry s. frightened by 
 peril of death, gravissime mortis peri- 
 culo terreri, Caes. B. G. 5, jo. 
 
 severity : I. Sarshness, rigour : 
 1, sgveritas (in good or bad sense): 
 t. of the courts, judiciorum s., Cic. SuU. 
 tin. (opp. to lenitas ac misericordia) : 
 censorial s. (in good sense), censoria s.. 
 Id. Pis. 4, Jin. : Caes. 2. acerbitas 
 {extreme and cruel s.) : Cic. SuU. 1. c. (see 
 the place). 3. diiritia (not in Cic.) . 
 s. of laws, d. Icgum (opp. to lenitas), 
 Suet. CI. 14 : Tac. 4. atrocitas (sav- 
 age and bloody s.); v. ckueltv. I'hr. . 
 to treat the guilty with s., noceiites in- 
 sectari, Plin. Ep. 9, i j, 2 : cf. Cic. Am. 
 16, 57, acerbius in aliquem invehi, in- 
 sectarique vehementius. 5. austeritas 
 (rare in this sense) : Piin. Ep. 2, 5, 5 (s. 
 in criticism). ||. Austerettess t 1. 
 severitas (esp. a proper and laudable 
 strictness) : I'er. Andr. y, 2, 16 (tristis 
 
 8. in vuUu, in good sense). Joinrgra- 
 vitas severitasque, Cic. Alur. }i, fin. 
 (The excess of severitas passes into 
 trlstitia and morositas, glmmiiness and 
 moroseness: cf. Gierig on Plin. Ep. i, 
 >o. !■) 2. horror (late in this sense : 
 denotes an excess of austerity): Plin. 
 Ep. ib. 3. expr. by circuml. with adj. : 
 v. SEVERE (II.). Ill, Great nicety 
 in taste or juilgment: severitas: Plin. 
 Ep. J, 18, 19 ("severitas aurium alias 
 tribuitur iis qui excellunt in dijudicando 
 numero oratorio et sono verborum, 
 Quint. 9, 4, 116."— Gierig). See also 
 NICETY. IV. As denoting extreme 
 degree of pain, cold, etc. ; and generally, 
 grievousness to be borne : 1, gravltas: 
 s. of climate, g. coeli [aquarumque, re- 
 ferring to heamj rains}, Liv. 2J, J4, med. : 
 s.ofa disease, g. morbi, Cic. N. IJ. j, ji, 
 76. 2. vis, rigor : v. rNTENsiTV. 3. 
 intemperies, el (of climate) : Liv. 8, 18, 
 init. (where, however, the phr. denotes 
 not intensity or rigour of cold, but 
 rather unhealthiness in general). 4. 
 inclementia : esp. of climate : inc. coeli, 
 Just. 9, 2, med. (late, however, in this 
 sense). 5. expr. by adj. : such is the 
 s. of the climate, adeo acria frigora sunt 
 V. SEVERE (IV.). 
 
 sew (I'O •■ Ruo, sui, Biitum, j : cover- 
 ings of the bodies either tvoven or seirn, 
 tegumenta corporum vel texta vel suta, 
 Cic. N. I). 2, 60, 150 to s. up an aper- 
 ture (in surgery), foramen s., Cels. 7, 4, 
 }. Comp. : (1.) consuo, j (to s. up or 
 together: rare): to s. together a tunic, 
 tunicara c, Varr. L. L. 9, 47. 79. (2.) 
 obsuo, J (to s. on or up): a seivn-up 
 litter, lectica obsuta. Suet. Tib. 64 : Ov. 
 (3.) insuo, } (to «. up iti) : lo s. up any 
 on* in a sack, aliquem in culeum i., Cic. 
 Rose. Am. 25, 70. (4.) transuo s. trans- 
 euo, J (to s. through) . to s. through the 
 outer portion of the eyelid with a needle, 
 exterlorem partem palpobrae acu t.Cels. 
 7. 7. 8 • Ov P h r. ; to s. up the mouth 
 iff a uiound, oras vulnerls suturis com* 
 
 mittere, Cels. • to be sewn, acu tnyectari, 
 Cels. 7, 14, merf. 
 
 sewed (adj.): 1. sutllis (made 
 by Ben iitg) : a s. belt, s. balteus, VIrg. 
 Aen. 12, 27 J. 2. expr. by part, of 
 verbs in preced. art. 
 
 sewer : I. -^ drain : cl6aca (the 
 main s. if a town) : to make s.s, cloacaa 1 
 ducere, Liv. i, }8, fin.: to choke the s.s 
 iiith the iKidies if citizens, civium cor- 
 poribus cloacas refercire, Clc. Sest. j;, 
 fin. /{elating to s.s, of s.s, cloacalis (v. 
 rare). Sid. . the goddess of s.t. Cloacina 
 or Cluacina (sc. Venus), Plin. : Lact. 
 See also drain. ||, One who sews: 
 qui (quae) suit, etc. (Sutor always 
 denotes a slwemaker, cobbler.) 
 
 sex : 1. sexu.s, us, TO. : the human 
 race is consideredin respect of s., whether 
 it is male orjemale, hominum genus in 
 sexu considcraiur, virile an muliebre 
 sit, Cic. Inv. i, 24, J5 : o child was bi/rn 
 of doubtful s., betiieen a male and a fe- 
 male, natus ambiguo inter marem ac 
 feminam sexu infans, Liv. 27, 11, init. : 
 the different s.s, diversi s., Cjuint. 9, J, 
 6?. 2. form sficus, indecl. n. (used 
 by best writers depending upon another 
 subs, expressed or underst<x>d) : ten 
 thousand freemen of tlie male s., lilx-r- 
 orum capUum virile s. ad decern millia, 
 LiT. 26, 47, init. : a multitude of the 
 besieged, of every age, of the male and 
 female s., mulliludo obsessoruni oninis 
 aetalis, virile ac muliebre s., Tac. H. 5, 
 IJ : cf. id. .A. 4. 62. 
 
 sexagenarian: sexagenarius : a s. 
 had nuxrrird the virgin Fublilia, s. Pub- 
 liliam virginem duxerat, Quint. 6, j, 75 : 
 Eutr. 
 
 sextant: sextans, ntis, m.: as t. t.: 
 V. .Sniilli's Lat. Dkt. s. v. 
 
 sexton ; no exact equiv. : perh. 
 aedituus s. acdltimus (guardian or 
 kerper of a temple) : v. sacristan. 
 
 sextuple ; ' sextuplex, icls. 
 
 sexual: 1. sexiialis (pertaining 
 to sex : rare and very late) : Coel. 2. 
 naturalis (belonging to nature) : s. de- 
 sires, desideria n., Col. 6, 24, init. : the s.' 
 organs, loca naturalia, or simply natur- 
 alia, Cels. 7, 21. Phr.: s. intercourse, 
 congressus, coitus, etc. : v. intekcourse 
 (II.). 
 
 shabbily: \. Raggedly or meanly 
 clothed: obsolete: to be clothed rather 
 s., obsoletius vestiri, Cic. Verr. 2, i, ;8, 
 152. Less expressively, male vestitum 
 esse, id. Pis. 25, 61. ||, In a despic- 
 able manner, meanly : 1, sordid? : 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 86, J52 : Suet. 2. nia- 
 ligne : v. stincily, mbanly. 
 
 shabbiness: I. ''/ clothing: 
 obsoleta vestis: v. shabby. ||. of 
 amdvct: sordes, ium,/. ; to charge any- 
 one icith s., s. alicui objicere, Hor. S. i, 
 6, 68 : Cic. Alsc rarely in sing., nuUam 
 sordem, no piece of s., Cic Fl. i, 7 : v. 
 
 }IEANN^SS. 
 
 shabby: I. Of clothing, ragged, 
 
 torn : obsOletus (worn out) : his clothes 
 were s.. erat veste obsoleta, Liv. 27, 54: 
 rather s. clothes, vestilus obsoletior, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, ;, I?. For syn. v. ragged, 
 woRNOiT II. Of per.sons: clothedwith 
 ragged garments : 1. p&nnosMS (full of 
 rags): s. men, homines p., id. Att. 4, j. 
 fin. : Just. 2. perh. horridQlus : a s. 
 companion (a trijie seedy and out at 
 elhniis), comes h., Pers. i. 54. |||. 
 Mean in conduct : 1. sordidus : he 
 was so s. that he never clothed himself 
 any better than a slave, ita s. ut se non 
 unquam servo melius restiret, Hor. S. i, 
 1.96. 2. perh. malignus: v. stingy. 
 shackle : ( vincfJum, compes, etc. : 
 shackles : » v chain, FfrrrKE. 
 shackle ("■) •• vinculis constringere ; 
 compedibus vincire, etc ■. t. to fetter, 
 
 BIND. 
 
 shad aiausa.Aus. (*Clupeafil5sa: 
 Linn.) 
 
 shade (subs.) : |. Absence of a shel- 
 ter from light : 1. umbra : passim. 
 Specially with ref. to art: light and s., 
 umbrae et eminentia (fem.). Clc. Ac. 2, 
 7, 20 . Plm. 2. fxpr. by lipacus : 
 
 the cool s., opacum frigub, Virg. E. i, 5J : 
 
 in the s., in opaoo, I'lin. 10, to, 12. lb 
 cover with s., umbro, i : Sil. : alao, to 
 cast a s. (iutrans.). Col. 5, 7. Camp. 
 obumbro, i (to uvertliadaw) : Ov. plin.: 
 see also, to shade (2). Casting a s^ 
 umbrifer, poet, in Cic. Div. 2, jo. 61: 
 Virg.: Varr.: see also shady. ||. 
 
 Fig., obscurity: Phr.: to cast any- 
 one's reputation into tite s., alicujus 
 nominl obticere, Liv. pref. init. (cf. ib. . 
 in obscuro es.>,e, to be in the s.) : in sim. 
 sense, res obscurare, opp. celebrare, Sail. 
 Cat. 8. III. An artificial shelter: 
 umbraculum: Ov. F. 2, )li: Mart.: v. 
 I'ARA.'mjL. IV. A disembodied spirit : 
 1. &nlma (soul) : we let his t. to 
 rest witfi a tomb, animam sepulcbro 
 cundimuK, Virg. Aen. j, 67 ; tj uf the 
 good, plae animae, Hor. Od. 1, 10, 17. 
 2. in pi. only, manes, ium, m. (ustd 
 both oitlie s.s of individuals, M\i collect, 
 for the dead) : the s. of Virginia at 
 length liad rest, m. Virginiae tandem 
 quieverunt, Liv. ?, 58, eztr. : to call up 
 S.S., m. elicere, Hor. .S. i, 8, 29. Suet, 
 Often called, in religious phraseology, 
 Dii Manes: Cic. Leg. 2, 9, ez(r. .- whence, 
 in sepulch. inscrr. the abbreviation l>. M. 
 = Dis Manibus. 3. umbra (poet.): 
 tlie monarch of the sj, umbranmi rex, 
 Ov. M. 7, 249: Virg. J'lur. of the s. of 
 a single person, matris agilabitur um- 
 bris. Virg. Aen. 6, 510. Hence, um- 
 brifer, transporting s.s, epith. of Cha- 
 ron's boat, u. linler, Albin. 4. sl- 
 mu\aicnim (mere phantom) : Virg.: Ov. 
 Phr.: the house of s.s, domus exilis 
 Plutonia, Hor. Od. i, 4, 17. V. 'i 
 pi. only, the s.s = inferval regions. 1. 
 manes, ium, m.: the unfalhumable sj, 
 m. profundi, Virg. G. t, 241 : Hor. 2. 
 inferi, orum ; Orcus (strictly, the name 
 oi a person. Hades = J'luto,notaplace): 
 Tartarus, n. pi., Tartara : v. d<ferkal 
 (regions). 
 
 shade (v-) .• I, To shelter or screen 
 from light: 1. 6paco, I: Oie plane- 
 tree spreads abroad its u-ide branches to 
 s. this spot, platanuB ad opacandum 
 hunc locum patulis est diffusa ramis. 
 Cic. de Or. i, 7, 28. Lucan. 2. uni- 
 bro, I : to s. the temples with an oaken 
 vrealh, tempora quercu u., Virg. Aen. 
 6, 772: an oak trees.d with its- foliage 
 the summit of the mountain, quercoa 
 umbrabat coma summi fastigia montis, 
 Sll. 5. 488. Comp.: (1.) adumbro, i: 
 the bunches of grapes are s.d with straw, 
 adnmbrantur stramentls uvae, Col. II, 
 2, 61. (2.) inumbro, i : to s. couches by 
 spreading foliage, toros obtentu frondte 
 i., Virg. Aen. 11, 66. (3.) 6bumbro, i : 
 a grassy turf ss the moist ground, 
 gramineus madidam caespes ob. bu- 
 muni, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 10. 3. expr. by 
 umbra, with a verb: the hills s. the 
 valleys, cv\li:s atferunt umbram vallibug, 
 Cic. Kep. 2, 6: cf. diffundere umbras, 
 Petr. iji. II. Id drawing; to gra- 
 duate light and shade: perh. *lumlii« 
 paullalim in umbras abeunlia deslgnare, 
 describere. 
 
 shadow: 1. nnibra; / am re- 
 solreU til follow you like a s., certum eat 
 inilii. quasi umbra, te persi>qui, PI. Caa. 
 1,4: to be afraid of (mere) sj, um- 
 bras tlmere. Cic. Atl. m, 20. 2. 
 sometimes perh. simulacrum (mere im- 
 age, extenialform) : you are only the s. 
 of yourself, •inerum simulacrum tul 
 ipsius esse vidcris: v. i-hantum. Phr.: 
 not a s. of an excuse, •nulla ne minim* 
 quidein excusatio. 
 
 shadowy : I. ShelUred from the 
 light : v. shady. ||. r»imi/, un- 
 
 substantial : 1. iniinis, vanus: v. 
 INSIBSTANTIAU 2. perh. exilis, e • 
 cf. Hor. Od. 1,4, /»! . domus cxilis Plu- 
 tonia, I 'I uto's shadowy abode. 
 
 shady : '■ <^- 'tasting a shade, over- 
 spread vi'th shade : 1, fipiicus (jAod- 
 ed, dark tcith shade) : on a green and 
 S. bank. In viridi o.que rlpa,Cic. lycg. I, 
 5, 1 5 ; the shadiest pastures, opaci.<.slma 
 nemonim pascua, CoL 6, J2. S<ime- 
 times = c<is(iti J a shade (poet.): Virg. 
 Aen. II, 851 (o. Ilex). 2. umbrfipna 
 (abounding in shade) : I have never seen
 
 SHAFT 
 
 SHALL 
 
 a ihadier place in summer, ego locum 
 aestate umbrosiorem nunquam vidi. Cic. 
 y. Fr. J, I, 2 . the s. ivood, silva u., Ov. 
 M. I, 695. 3. umbrifer (casting a 
 shade: poet.): under a s. plane-tree, 
 sub platano u., Cic. Div. 2, 50, 6;. 
 
 shaft: \. AmissiU: 1. sagitta: 
 V. ARKOW. 2. teliira (poet, in this 
 .sense)- to aim s.s from, the tio", tela 
 dirigere arcu, Hor. Od. 4. 9' IT- •*'§■ • 
 the ss of fortune, tela fortunae, Cic. Fam. 
 5, 16, init. II, The handle of a wea- 
 pon : hastile, is. n. (fif a spear, opp. to 
 spiculum, the iron point) : leaning on 
 the s. of his spear, hastili nixus, Cic. 
 Rab. perd. -j, 21: the iron point, which 
 (separated) from the s. had remained 
 in his hndfi, ferruni, quod ex h. in cor- 
 pore remauserai, Nep. EpaiQ. 9, fin. 
 
 III. The narrow opening forming 
 the descent to a mine: 1. putgus 
 (well, mine, excavation of any kind): 
 
 Plin. n. 4. 21 '■ ^''■''' • ^^ •''"* " *■' 
 
 *puteum demittere : v. to sikk. trans. 
 
 2. arrugia; Plin. jj, 4. Z'- 5 Tl- 
 
 IV. In architecture ; the s. of a 
 column: 1. scapus: Vitr. 3, 2, 59. 
 
 2. truncus: Vitr. 4, i, 7- V. ^'f 
 a carriage : terao, onis, m. (a single pole 
 or s. fixed to the middle of the cliariot or 
 carriage} : Caes. B G. 4. JJ : Virg. T>te 
 s.s, perh. *tenio bilurcus. 
 
 shag : o- ''■""' '/ <^'^*'' ''I'''"? <^ ^""S" 
 coarse nap: perh. 1. arapliimallum 
 ( = Gr. d/i(|>i|U.aAAov ; a woollen cloth 
 shaggy on both sides): Flin. 8, 48, -jj, 
 $19!. 2. gausapa, ae ; s. gausapes, 
 is, m. , s. gausapum, ib. . v. frikzk. 
 
 shaggy : !■ Hough with long hair 
 or wool : ' 1. hirsutus (poet, in this 
 sense) : the s. breast of Hercules, pectus 
 Herculis h., Prop. 4, 9. 49 : '"^'■h s. kgs 
 and cheeks, hirsutis cruribus genisque. 
 Mart. 10, 65, 9 ; s. beard, h. barba, Ov. 
 M I ?, 766. 2. hirtus : s. sheep, oves 
 h.,'Varr. R. R. 2. 2, 19: the s. faces (of the 
 Scythians), era h. (Scythis), Curt. 4, i j ; 
 a s. tunic, tunica h., Nep. Dat. }, init. 
 3 viilosus (covered with a thick 
 fleece-iike coat): a s. lion, leo v., Virg. 
 Aen. 8, 177: the breast (of Cacus) s. 
 with stiff hairs, v. setis pectora, ib. 8, 
 266 4. liispidus (hairy : poet.) : a s. 
 forehead, frons h., ib. 10, 210: as. face, 
 facies h., Hor. 0.1. 4, 10. ;. ||. Bough, 
 ragged: horridus: v. rough, kagged. 
 
 shagginess: expr. by adj.: v. 
 sH\<-'i\. (Hirsutia, v. rare and late: 
 Sol.) 
 
 shah : in Persian, a monarch : Rex 
 Persarum. 
 
 shake (>'■)• A. Trans.: |. 
 To move rapidly one way or the other, 
 to agitate : 1. quSltio, no perf., ssum, 
 j: th/i horse was s.ing his head with 
 gnat violence, (quum) equus magna vi 
 caput quateret, Liv. 8, 7, med. : to s. 
 the plain, campum q., Virg. Aen. n, 
 ,875 • to make the people s. their sides with 
 laughter, risu populum q., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
 84. Camp. : (I.) conciilio, ssi. ssum, } 
 (to s. together or violently) : to s. the 
 head, caput c, Ov. M. 2. ;o the theatre 
 being shaken by the earthqualce. con- 
 cuss© terrae motu theatre, Suet. Ner. 20. 
 (2.) decutio, j (to s. dnun or off): the 
 north-wind hath shaken off the leafy 
 honours from the noods, silvis aquilo 
 decussit honorem, Virg. G. 2, 404; to s. 
 off the dew, rorem d., Virg. G. 4, 12. 
 (3.) exciitio, } (to s. out or off') : they 
 ordered the pig to be shaken out of his 
 cloak, porcellum pallio ex'-uti Jubebant, 
 Phaedr. 5, ?, 19 she slwok out her 
 hair, cae&iriem excussit, Ov. M. 4, 492: 
 ike winds s. the apples off, poma venti 
 excutiunt, ib. 14. 764. Fig.; we wUl s. 
 off all alluring pleasures, excutiemus 
 omnes deU.ias, Cic. Coel. 28, 67. Fre- 
 quent, quasso, I (to s. repeatedly or mo- 
 lently) : Mezenlius shook his FAruscan 
 pine (spear), pinum quassabat Etruscam 
 Mezentius, Virg. Aen. 9, 521 : the god s.s 
 the bough wet with Lethaeav dew over 
 both his temples, ramuin Lethaeo rore 
 inadentem super utraque quassat t^m- 
 pora, lb. 5, 854. Comp. conquasso, no 
 perf., I (strengthened from simple verb). 
 
 in 
 
 Apulia had been violently and repeatedly 
 shaken by very great earthquakes, Apu- 
 lia maximis terrae motibus conquassata 
 erat, Cic. Div. i, 43, 97. E i g- ^ a^ the 
 intellect is violently shaken (1. e. im- 
 paired), onmis mens quassatur, Lucr. }, 
 599 : (we saiL^ even foreign nations vio- 
 lently shaken by the madness of that 
 year, etiam exteras nationes illius anni 
 furore conquassatas, Cic. Sest. 26, imt. 
 2, aglto. I (to more quickly to and 
 fro) : to s. the reins, habenas a., Ov. M. 
 7, 221 : (the woods of) Temi<e shaken by 
 the zephyrs, zephyris agitata Tempe, 
 Hor. Od. 3. I, 24. 3, tremeracio, 
 feci, factum, 3 (to cause to tranUe) : 
 Jupiter nodded, and shook all Olympus 
 with his nod, Jupiter annuit et totum 
 nutu tremefecit Olympum, Virg. Aen. 
 10 115: he shook (i.e. made to quake) 
 Lernawith his bow, Lemam treraefecent 
 arcu. ib. 6, 804. 4. suUicIto, I (to put 
 in motion, disturb) : he s.s the javelins 
 in his right hand, spicula dextra solli- 
 citat, ib. 1 2, 404 : to s. the whole world 
 with earthquakes, totum tremoribus or- 
 bem s., Ov M. 6, 699. 5. vibro, i 
 (to cause to quiver): the breezes shook 
 the garments, vibrabant flamma vestes, 
 
 Ov. M. I, 528 ; V. TO URANDISH. II. 
 
 To make to totter or tremble : 1. la- 
 befacio, feci, factum. 3 : a gicnt portion 
 of the wall having been shaken, magna 
 parte muri labefacta, Caes. B. C. 2, 22, 
 init. : the house was shaken, aedes labe- 
 factae sunt, cf. Tac. A. i, 75, med. Fi g. 
 (of the mind) : whom no force, no 
 threats, no obloquy, have ever shaken, 
 quem nulla unquam vis, nuUae rninae, 
 nulla invidia labefecit,Cic. Sest. 47, loi : 
 to s. (the fidelity of) the commanders of 
 Hie naval forces, primores classiariorum 
 i., Tac. A. i;, 51, init. 2. labefacto, i 
 (frequent, of the above) : to s. a statue 
 by means of lemrs, sign\im vectibus 1., 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 45. 94- Vig.: to s. the 
 mind, animum lab., Lucr. 6, 799 : to s. 
 and pervert friendship or justice, ami- 
 citiam aut lustitiam lab. aul pervertere, 
 Cic. Fin. ?, 21, 70. 3, concutio, ; (to 
 s. with great violence : in fig. sense) : to 
 s. the republic, rempublicam c, Cic. Ph. 
 2, 42, 109: to s. the power of the Lace- 
 daemonians, opes Lacedaemoniorum c, 
 Nep. Epam. 6, fin. 4. commOveo, 
 movi, motum, i.'let us try whether we 
 can s. the collateral parts of your argu- 
 ment, reperi.amus si possimus cornua c. 
 disputationis tuae, Cic. Div. 2, 10, Jin. 
 Phr. : he endeavoured to s. the public 
 credit, fidem moliri coepit, Liv. 6, 11, 
 fin. B. Intrans.: |. To be agi- 
 tated with a waving motion : \. 
 expr. by refl. pass, of verbs under (A) : 
 which see! Quasso is sometimes in- 
 trans. • he walks with s.ing head, quas- 
 santi capite incedit, PI. Asin. 2, 3.2!: 
 cf. Virg. G. I, 74 (siliqiia quassante). 
 2, tremo. ui, 3 (to tnmble, quiver) : 
 the sails s., vela tr., Lucr. 4, 75 : the north 
 wind snaps the s.ing oaks, aquilo frangit 
 trementes ilices, Hor. Epod. 10, 8. 3. 
 tremisco, 3 : the high places of the earth 
 s. ivith thunder, tonilru tr. ardua ter- 
 rarum, Virg. Aen. 5, 694: / bid the 
 mountains s., jubeo tr. monies, Ov. M. 
 7, 20;. 4. inhorresco, horrui, j (in a 
 rustling manner) : the air set in motion 
 by the wings shook, pennis agitatus in- 
 horruit aer, id. Pont. 3, J. 9- II- ^^ 
 tremble with fear, quiver: v. to shud- 
 der, TREMBLE 
 
 shake X^ubs i . ^- <l"f«^"° = 
 shaking <» i'i* «• «/ <'«^'- 
 
 heads, capitum q., Liv 22, 17, init. 
 2. or expr. by verb : v. TO shake : 
 he gave him a hearty s. of Vie hand, 
 * manum ejus effusissime amaniissime- 
 que compressam tenuit. 
 
 shall: I. As sign of future tense : 
 expr. hyfut. indie. ||. Implying duty 
 or command . 1. expr. by fut. im- 
 perat. : thou sltalt not kiU, ne occidito 
 cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, ?8, homineni mortuum 
 in urbe ne urito neve sepellto (Vulg. 
 Ex. XX. t3. has non occides, as In the 
 other commandments ; but this is false 
 Latinity) 2. expr by oportet, debeo, 
 
 SHAME 
 
 etc. ; or by gerund, part, : v. otiGHT, 
 
 MUST. 
 
 shallop: a small boat: perh.scaphai 
 
 V. boat, skiff. 
 
 shallow (swbs.) : 1. vadum: the 
 Rhone is crossed in some places by means 
 ofas.( ford), Rhodanus nonnullis locis 
 vado transitur, Caes. B. G. i, 6: having 
 found s.s there, they endeavoured to lead 
 over a part of their forces, ibi vadis re- 
 pertis partem suarum copiarum trans- 
 ducere coiiati sunt, ib. 2, 9 : Liv. 21, Jl, 
 extr. Fig.: my speech seems to have 
 got out of the s.s. and to have sailed past 
 tlie cliffs, emersisse e vadis et scopulos 
 praetervecta videtur oratio mea, Cic. 
 Coel. 21, 51. 2. brevia, ium (n. plu., 
 as in Gr. ri |3paxe'a) : nor could the S.S 
 be distinguished from the deeps, neque 
 disceriii poterant b. a profundis, Tac. A, 
 I, 70, med. : Virg. Aen. i, in. 
 
 shallow (ad?): I. <'f things, not 
 deep : 1. vadosus (full of shallows) : 
 a s. sea, mare v., Caes. B. C. i. 2; : as. 
 river, amnis v., Virg. Aen. 7, 7 28. 2. 
 brgvis, e (short in length or depth) : a s. 
 weM, puteus b., Juv. 3, 226: s.fords,b. 
 vada, Virg. Aen. ;, 221. 3. bilmllis, 
 e (rare in this sense) : he himself traxes 
 out the walls with a s. trench, ipse humili 
 designat moenia fossa, ib. 7, 157 : Tac. A. 
 
 1, 61, med. 4. often expr, by altns, 
 with a negative: (the river) broader, 
 and therefore s.er, latior eoque minus 
 alto alveo, Liv. 21, 27 : quite s., minime 
 alto alveo, etc. ||. Fig.: of intel- 
 lectual qualities: Phr.: s. Uarntng, 
 levis rerum cognitio ; parum subtilis 
 doctrina, (Kr.) : a man of very s. learn- 
 ing, qui nonnisi primoribiis labris literas 
 gustavit: cf. Cic. N. D. i, 8, 20. 
 
 shallowness : I. L i t. : no single 
 
 equiv. ; expr. by vada (abstr. for con- 
 crete) : navigation is interrupted on 
 account of the s. of the river, propter 
 vada: or by adj.: v. shallow (subs. 
 and adj.). \\. Fig.: Of intellectual 
 qualities: 1. perh. ,iPiuiiTta.s : s. of 
 learning, j. bonarum artium, Cic. de Or. 
 
 2, 3. 10. 2. levitas : s of thought, 1. 
 opinionis, id. N. D. 2, 17, 45- 
 
 sham (subs, and adj.): expr. by simu- 
 latus, falsus, Actus, etc. : v. pretknded, 
 
 PRETENCE. 
 
 sham (v.) : simiUo, i : v to pre- 
 tend, FEIGN. 
 
 sham-fight: pugnae simiilacrum : 
 he exhibited a naval s.-f., classem osten- 
 dit simulacrum edenteni navalis pugnae, 
 Liv. 29, 22 : so, id. 26, ii : cf. Virg. Aen. 
 5, 585, pugnae cient [prose, eduntj 
 simulacra sub annis (a phr. borrowed 
 from Lucr.). Phr.: they executed a s.-f . 
 with wooden swords, rudibus inter se in 
 modum justae pugnae concuiTerunt, Liv. 
 26,51. (Not decursio, which, like the 
 verb decurrere, denotes simply the per- 
 formance of military evolution, as in a 
 review.) 
 
 shambles : 1. laniena (butcher's 
 stall) : the perfumers' shops and the s.s, 
 myropolia et 1., PI. Epid. 2, 2, i;- cf. 
 Liv 44, i6,ea:Jr. (lanienasque et tabemas 
 coiijunctas in publicum emit). Another 
 form is lanlariuni^; Varr. R. R. 2, 4, J . 
 also, mensa lanionia is found in Suet. 
 Claud. 15, init. (N.B.— Camarium = a 
 meat-safe or hook.) 2. macellura (gen. 
 term) . Vulg. i Cor. x. 2; v. market. 
 shambling (a<ij.) ■• P h r. : to have a 
 hose, s.gait, *incessu dissolute ac parum 
 firmo esse ; quasi membris minus fir- 
 miter inter se connexis incedere 
 
 shame (.subs.) .- |. A feeling of 
 or sensibility to disgrace : 1. pudor : 
 s., the controlUr of desire, moderator 
 cupiditatis p., Cic. Fin. 2, 34. " J : s on 
 account of poverty, paupertatis p., Hor. 
 Ep I 18. 24. Phr. for shame! sit 
 pudor! Mart. 8, 3, 3 : Ov.M. 5. 36 tohave 
 lost all s., (omnem) pudorem exuisse : cf. 
 Cic. Lig. 5, 14 ; p. dimisisse ». projecisae, 
 Cic. (Kr.) : do you imagine me so brutal 
 as to be lost to aU sense ofs. f adeone me 
 ferum putas, ut neque me ... . pudor 
 commoveat? Ter. Andr. i, ?. 45 »!«» 
 expr. by os perfricuisse, Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 
 31; cf. Mart. II, 27 quum perfricuit
 
 SHAME 
 
 SHAPE 
 
 SHARE 
 
 frontem posuitquc pudorem : to hatx a 
 keen tense of s., •puJure facillime (acer- 
 rime) raoverl ; to do atiytldng out of s., 
 piidore B. verecumlia uflducium (iiii- 
 pulsiiiiO faccre aliquid (Kr.J. 2. ''grf- 
 cuDdia (a proper stvse ofs.) : 8. of u-roiiy 
 doing, turpituclitils v., Cic. Tusc. ;, 26, 
 ■)4. Join: piidur ac verecundia; id. 
 Fin. 4, 7, 18. 3. rubor (melon. : lit. 
 blushing) : to put to s., alitui ruborcni 
 iiicutere [et verecimiliam] affcrre, Liv. 
 •35. J7i extr. : I feel s.on account of any- 
 thing, pudctmealii'ujusrei: v. ashamkd, 
 TO BK. ||. That ifliich caut't afeeJiny 
 of sha7ne,a disyioce : 1. dedCcus : v. 
 DISGRACK. 2. pudor : to puUish any 
 one's g., vulKarealicujiKp, Ov. H. 11, vg: 
 the mark of a mother's «., nola matenii 
 puiloris, Jnsi. j, 4, med. I'br. : oh s. ! 
 proh pudor, Petr. 81. 3. Hagiiium 
 
 (an outrage on decncy) : a deedjull of 
 s, and disgrace, lactura fiagltii plenum 
 etdedecorls, Cic. All. 16, t, med. : is it 
 not as.f . . nonne id (lagitium pst .' . . , 
 Ter. Hpaut. 5, i, 49. Join: dcdccus 
 et flagitiuni, Cic. Off. j, 12, 86 ; pudor et 
 flagitium, Tac. A. }, 17, init. 4. pro- 
 brum : v. disgkacb. 5. rubor (rare) : 
 to be a source of s. to any one, alicui 
 nibori esse, Liv. 45, ij, med.: Tac. 
 
 shame (i»lerj.): 1. pro pCdor ! 
 Petr. 81 : Slat. Th. 10, 874. 2. when 
 an object follows : pro, proh ' with nom. 
 or ace. : s. on our senate and corrupted 
 morals ! pro curia inversique mores ! 
 Hor. Od. }, 5, 7. 
 
 shame ("•) ■• i- e- to mah-e ashamed : 
 expr. by pudor, rubor, verecundia, with 
 a verb- e. g. pudore aliqui'm afficere 
 (after anal, of metu, ignominia. honore, 
 afflcere, Cic.) ; alicui pudorem incutere, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 18, 77; ruboreni incutere. 
 Liv. 45, J7, extr. ; aliqueni pudore suf- 
 fundere, Plin. Pan. 2, extr. : Ov. Am. ?, 
 }, 5 : Hier. (cf ruborem siiffundere, Liv. 
 JO, 15, init. = to put to the blush); 
 pudore perfundere, Orell. ad Hor. \. c. : 
 ruborem afferre, Cic. Rep. 4, 6; cf. 
 SHAME (subs.). 
 
 -faced : pudens, verccundus : v. 
 
 MODKST. stronger, pudibuiidus (rare): 
 the s. nmtrtm, p. matroua, Hor. A. P. 2j j. 
 
 -facedness : verecundia, piidor : 
 
 V. MODESTY. 
 
 shameful : 1. tmpis (most gen. 
 term) : a s. flight or a yUirious death, 
 fuga t. aut gloriosa mors, Cic. Fin. 2, jo, 
 97 luxury is s.for ayiy aye, but for old 
 age positively disgusting, luxuria quum 
 omni aetali t. tum senectuti foedissima 
 est, id. Off. 1. J4. I2{- 2. foediis 
 
 (stronger than preced.): odious, revolt- 
 ing : v. disgusting. 3. flagitiosus 
 
 (esp. of sexual offences) : those, are s. 
 men who lust after sexual pleasures, 
 fl. sunt qui venereas voluplates cnn- 
 cupiscnnt, id. Tusc. 4, 52, 68 a i^icious 
 arid s. life, vitiosa et fl. vita, id. Fin. 2, 
 28, 95 ; to commit most s. crimes, fa- 
 cinora flagitlosissima facere. Sail. J. }2. 
 Strengthened, perflagitiosus (v. rare) : 
 a eery disgraceful and s. thing, per- 
 turpe ac perflagitiosissimuin, Cic. Coel. 
 20, fm. 4. obscaenus : v. obscene. 
 6. probrosus : v. .scandalous, in- 
 famous. Phr. : sliamcful, indignum, 
 Ov. M. 5, }6 •. indignum facinus, Ter. 
 Andr. 1, i, 118: is not this posi- 
 tirely s.f * nonne haec vel dnrissimi 
 oris homini pu<lorem (ruborem) Incu- 
 tere possinl? 
 
 shamefully : 1. turpiter : to do 
 anything s. and wichedly, t. et nequlter 
 facere aliquld, Cic. Tusc. j, 17, j6 Caes. : 
 Hor. 2. foede: v. foully. 3. "'- 
 bSneste. v. dishonoukably' 4. flagl- 
 tiosg : to liie vilely ands. (i. e. a vilennd 
 iham^'ul life), impure et f. vivere, Cic. 
 Fin. J, II. j8: to aliandon any <me s., 
 ab aliquo f. descl>cere, Id. ib. 5, ji. 94. 
 5. impure (viciouslii and sensually) : 
 to act s. and disgracefully , facere I. atque 
 letrc, id. Div i, 29, 60. Join: im- 
 pure atque flagitiose. id. Fin. j, 11, j8. 
 also, impure utque tetre, Id. Div. i, 29, 
 60. 6. n6fari8 (heinously, abomi- 
 nably) : Cic. 7. spuriT (foully) ; 
 Join tarn spurce, tam impii'. I'lc. Ph, 
 
 2, }8, extr. g, probrobe (infamously)^ 
 
 Sen.: (iill. 
 
 shamefulness : 1. turpitudo : v. 
 IU--IM— -; i.ix.iiAi E. 2. use pi. of 
 
 tirigiduiii: expelled from the senate on 
 aaouiit if the s. of his life, propter fla- 
 gitla seiiiitu niotua : cf. L. (i. } ; ji. 
 
 shameless : 1. impudent (both 
 of persoio and deeds) : o s. faie. i. os, 
 Ter. Euii. 5, i, 22 : a ». lie, i. mendatium, 
 Cic. Clu. 60, 168 : «. / left my father's 
 house, 1. liiiui patrios peiiates, Hor. Od. 
 2, 27, 49. 2. invfirecundus : o s. dis- 
 pjsitii/n, inv. animi ingenium, Cic. Jnv. 
 I, 4;. 8} (poei.): a s. fwx, inv. frons, 
 C^uiiit. 2, 4, 16. 3. imprfibus (bold, 
 intrusive) : the more s. Jluttery is . . ,, 
 quo iinprobior adulaiio .... Si-n. (^. N. 
 
 4, pref. med. : a s. person, Improbi oris 
 homo. Suet. Gr. i?. 4. '" connexion 
 with os; durus (that cannot be put to 
 the blush): s. fellow (hrcuenface)! os 
 durum ! Per. Kun. 4, 7, j6. 5. extr. rare, 
 expudoratus (divested of all shame): 
 Petr. J9, meil. (e.\. frons). Phr.; ati 
 utterly s. peismi, quern libidlnis infa- 
 miaeque neque pudet neque taedet, Cic. 
 Verr. Act. i, 12, }S- to be quite «., os 
 perfricuisse ; (omnem) posuisse pudo- 
 rem : V. .siiAMK, subs. (I. 1). 
 
 shamelessly : 1. impiidenter 
 to lie s., i. niciitlrl, Cic. Verr. 4, 7, 
 16. 2. iiivirecuiide . .Sen. : Quint. 
 3. impure: Join: impure atque 
 flagitiose, Cic. Fin. j, 1 1, }8. 4. pr6- 
 terve : v. wantonly. See al.'O, Dis- 
 
 GKACKFILI.V, INFAMOUSLY". 
 
 shamelessness : 1. impudentia: 
 
 relying on s. and audacity, i. atque 
 audacia fretns, Cic. Fl. 15, j;: Caes. 
 2. expr. by adj. : e. g. inverecun- 
 dum animi ingenium (shameless disposi- 
 tion) ; iniprobum os, durum os (e//(on- 
 tery nhich cannot be put to the blush) : 
 V. sHAMELi-:ss. 3. inverecundia (v. 
 rare): Am. 4. impadicUia: v. uk- 
 
 CHASriTY. 
 
 shammer : slmiilator, disslmiilator 
 
 v. l'j;l.TENl)KK. 
 
 shampoo (>'•)•' 1. fr'co, ui, ctum 
 andciituni, i (tf>rub): PI. Poen. 1,2, 10: 
 (lavari aut fricjiri aut tergeri) : Mart. 
 
 2. perh. tracto (to manipulate) : 
 cf. foil. art. 
 
 shampooer: 1. tractator (a slai* 
 
 n:ho manipidated his master's limbs 
 vhile anointing them)- Sen. Ep. 66, 
 extr. fern, tractatrix (a female sham- 
 pooer): Mart. J, 82, ij 2. perh. 
 alipti or aiiptes, ae ((ir. aAeiVxT;?* an 
 anointer, vho at the same time rubbed 
 and manipulated tite body of the 
 bather) : Juv 6, 422 • Cels. 3, friclor 
 (rubber): Coel. Aur. 
 
 shamrock: trifolium: PUn. 
 
 shank: I. 'I'l'''- whole joint from 
 the knee to the ankle ; criis, cruris, »i. ; 
 Cels. 8, I, extr.: cf. siiiN. ||, The 
 long part of a column or candlestick : 
 perh. scapus : v. shaft. 
 
 shanty : perh. tugOrium : v. Htrr, 
 
 CAlilN. 
 
 shape (subs.) : I. Form or figure : 
 
 1. forma: v, foum. 2. confor- 
 
 matio: the s. and figure of the vhoU 
 
 face and body, c. atque figura totiiis 
 
 oris et corporis, Cic. de Or. i, 25. 114. 
 
 3. figura. the s. and form (f our 
 body, f. et fonnu corporis nostri, id. Fin. 
 
 5, 12, }?: bisons have the look and colour 
 and s. if a bull, url sunt specie et colore 
 et figura tauri, Caes. B. li. 6, 28, init. 
 
 4. f ipuriitio (late ; not In Cic.) 
 Plin. II, J7, 88. 5. lacies v. foum. 
 
 ||, An eztrrnal. appearance, shadowy 
 outline : simulacrum, forma : v. fobm, 
 
 PHANTOM. 
 
 shape ('•)•• A. Trans.; |. 7b 
 
 form or create : formo, con.ormo, tingo, 
 figuro, etc. : v to fokm. ||, To mould 
 or make into a particular form : 1. 
 formo, I : motler which the efficient 
 cause s.s, materia quam format effectio, 
 Cic. Acad. I, 2, 6. Fig.: we f. and 
 fasliion words like the softest wax to 
 our will, verba nos, sicut mollissiniam 
 ceram ad nostnim arbitrium formainus 
 et linpimus, id. de Or }, 45, 177: to s. a 
 
 speech, oraiioiiem f., ib. 2, 9. j6. Coatm. 
 (1). confomio, I. if f thought that the 
 world had been built, not thaptd by 
 nature, si muridum ai-dihtatum e^e, 
 non a iiaiura conlormaium putarem. Id! 
 N. I). J. 10, .^ifi. Hg.: to t. the mini 
 and intellect by refleiliou on txctUcnt 
 men, anununi et menteni cugltaiiona 
 bomiijuni e.\cellentiuiii c, id. Arch. 6. 
 fin. (•>). deiormo, 1 (leas freq.J: tot. 
 marbUs, maniiora d., Quint 5, 11, jo 
 Cic. .Sull. 26, 7? (in tig. Konse). (3). in- 
 forino. 1 ; to s. a sliuld, Virg. Aen. 8, 
 447- 2. fingo, finxi. ncium, j; v. to 
 mould. 3. ligfiro, I hesjthevvtld 
 in tliat fiA-m in which airtie all oUter 
 forms are contained. hiuikIuiii ea fonna 
 figiirat qua una onincs rellquae lormae 
 concluduntur, Cic. llni. 6, init. Phr.: 
 to s. one's course : s. your course towards 
 the groves .... curkuni dirlgiic in lucog 
 . . . , Virg. Aen. 6, 194. B. Intrans.: 
 Phr.: to s. weUfor anything : expr. by 
 promiito, etc. : v. to piiomisk (IIL). 
 shapeless : I. wiUiout shape .- 
 
 I. inf'.iinis: t. hulls. 1. alvei, Liv. 
 21, 26, extr. : s. flesh, caro i., Plin. 7, 15, 
 IJ. 2. r\iiiis.(in its natural state, nut 
 wrought or manufactured) : ct Ov. M. 
 I, 7, riidls ilidige>taque moles- QuiiiL 
 
 II. Misshupai, deformed: deloniiii, 
 priivu.s, eic. : v. mi.sshahkn, dki.obmku. 
 
 shapelessness : deiormitaii: Cio 
 
 Suet. 
 
 shapeliness: forma (egregia, exi- 
 
 mia) V. iiKAin V. 
 
 shapely : 1. fomiOsus . whether «. 
 or de/ormed, {. an dt-fonnis, Cic. Jnv i, 
 24. J 5- 2. deceiis, drcorus: v. < .iMELV. 
 
 shaping: fonnaiio: Vitr. (Or expr. 
 by vt-rb: v. tosiiai-k.) 
 
 shard : a piece of broken pottery : 
 te>tu: Ov. 11.8, 662: Tac. 
 
 share (subs.) : j. a part ; a por- 
 tion; a quantity: 1. pars, lis, /. 
 (considered simply as a pottiun of a 
 whole); that he might not be without a 
 s. of our property, ne expers partis essel 
 de nostris bonis, I'er. Heaut, j, 5, J9: v. 
 PART. 2. poriio (late in this u.-*): 
 o .t. of the inheritance, (herediiatis) p., 
 .Ju^t. }6, 2: (the pait of Ai a mania) 
 iihichhehadret.eireil as his s.lor hit 
 services in the ivar, quam in portionem 
 billi uccejwrat, id. 28, i. (For the phr. 
 pro porlione, v. PRf)POKTiON.) 3. S'ors, 
 lis, /. (rare in this .sense) : a boy bom 
 tono s.of the pripertij, piier in nulhun 
 sortem bonorum naius, Liv. i, 14. init. 
 1' h r. : without a s. in : (1 ). exper*, w itb 
 yen.: without a s. in the government 
 and the public counsel, exp. im|ieril et 
 publici consilii, Cic. Rep. i, }l,fin. (2). 
 exsors, with gen. : without a s. in the 
 alliance and treaty, amicitlae et fo<tleria 
 e., Liv. 2J, 10, I'niV. : without a s. in the 
 t/u7i(;er, periculi e., Tac. A. 6, 10. J|, 
 A jHirt cohtributed: esp. in phr. for 
 one's s. : pro piirte, e. g. confi-rre (to 
 contribute one's s.) : to yo tjt in a feast. 
 de symlxills ederc.Ter Euii. J.4, 2 : I'l.; 
 shares I incomnuine! Sen. Pimi-dr. (v. 
 HALvi->) Cic. Virr. 2, 59, 145. |||. 
 i'art of a plough : vOmer s. vOmlti, Brii, 
 
 m. ; V. PIX)UGHMIAI!E. 
 
 share (»•)•■ A. Tran.s. : |. 7b 
 divide among others: 1. partio, 4: 
 tot. booty, prai-dani p, PI. A.s. 2, 1, J: 
 the consuls elect s.d the pronncri bt- 
 <i(ieen</iein, consults desi gnat i provindas 
 inter se pailiverunt, .S:ill. J. 4;. More 
 freq. as v. dtp.: parlior, 4: he tj his 
 onn honour v itk .<cipio, suum cum 
 Sclpione honorem jiartilur. Caes. B. C. 
 ), 81 : J'elreiiis and .*f}nnius t. the 
 II ork between them, I'elnius atque Afra> 
 nius id opus liner w |>.irtiuntur, ib. I, 
 7 5, fin. : he t.s (the spoil) among all hit 
 vonifKinimis. (pnicdam) siktIos partjtur 
 in oiiiiies, Virg. Am. 1, 194. 2. wriior, 
 4 (po^t.): striclly, to s. by lot: they 
 t.d the labour iijiiolly, pariier hiborem 
 sorliti, lb 8, 445 to s. the danger, pi'ri- 
 culum s., ib 9,174. II, Toefjoynith 
 others, }>ossets in common: 1. com- 
 mon iio, nu^u. w\lh at c. of thing ^lai 'd . 
 thv pirfim with v horn, expr. by cum ot 
 dat.): to 3. our state with you, dvllaleia 
 
 -ii
 
 SHARE- BONE 
 
 SHARPLY 
 
 SHAVE 
 
 nostram vobiscum c, Liv. 2}, 5 Cic. Am. 
 19, "JO. 2. consocio, I (constr. with 
 cum, inter, and^oji. reflect.') : the hun- 
 dred senators s. the government ainmig 
 them, centum patres rem inter se r., 
 Liv. I, IT to s. an injury with friends, 
 injuriam cvmi amicis c, Cic. Fin. ?, 21, 
 ■71. B. In trans. : expr. by partem 
 habere, in partem venire : v. share 
 (s«6*.). 
 
 sllare-bone ; pecten, Inls, m. : the OS 
 pubis which they call the s., os pubis 
 quera p. vocant. Cels. 8, l, ad fin. 
 
 shared 1. communis, e : that 
 
 which is s. with another ceases to be 
 one's own, quod c. cum alio est, desinit 
 esse proprium, Quint, "j, j, 24 Sail. 
 Cat. I (alterum nobis cum dis c. est) : 
 (things) s. mutually, communia (ami- 
 corum) inter se, Ter. Ad. 5, i, 18 . oft. 
 with gen. . a fault s. by all, vitium 
 omnium c, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, {o. 2. sociiis 
 (poet.) a s. royalty, regnum s., Ov. M. 
 5, j^S a s. bed, lectus s., id. A. A. 
 
 sharer : 1. partlceps, cipis, c. (one 
 who takes or hds a share') : I am com- 
 pelled to be a s. and partaker in tfiis 
 war, hujus belli ego p. et socius esse 
 cogor, Cic. Att. 9, 10. ad fin. : v. pau- 
 TAKEB, PABTNER. 2. s6cius (in any 
 undertaking) • apartner in all hisplans, 
 and almost a s. in his royalty, consi- 
 liorum omnium pariiceps et s. paene 
 regni, Cic. Rep. 2, 20, init. : v. A com- 
 panion. 3. consors, lis, c. (a col- 
 Uagu^) ; a companion and s. in the glo- 
 rious work, sociUB et c. gloriosi laboris, 
 id. Brut. I, 2. 4. coheres, edis (in 
 legal sense, a sharer in a bequest, co- 
 heir) : V. CO-HEIR. 
 
 shark : I. -^ kind of fish ? 1, 
 
 pristix «. pistrix ; also pistris s. pristis 
 (appy. some kind of shark or sawfish) : 
 Virg. Aen. j, 427 ; cf. ib. S, 116, vphere 
 it occurs as the name of a ihip : Pliii. 
 (who speaks of this kind of fish as 
 reaching a length of 20 cubits, N. H. 9, 
 J. l) : Flor. 2. squalus ■ Linn. (appy. 
 denoting in Ov. Hal. I2J, « smaller kind 
 of fish , 80 in Plin.). ||. A greedy, 
 artful fellow ; a cheM : perh. fraudator 
 (a man who keeps no faith with his 
 dupes : v. rare) : the shamelessness of s.s 
 and defrauders, fraudatorum et infi- 
 tiatorum impudentia, Cic. Fl. 20, 48 : 
 V. CHKAT. Join: fraudator et infitiator. 
 P h r. ■ a regtdar s. comes to him and 
 says, homo et callidus et ad fraudem 
 acutus, sine uUa religione ac fide, adit 
 ad eum et ait, cf. Nep. Dion 8, init. 
 
 sharp : I. Terminating in a thin 
 edge or fine point ; 1, aciitus (s/iarp- 
 pointed): a s. knife, culter a., PI. Mil. 
 5, 4 : very s. stakes, valli acutissimi, Caes. 
 B. G. ■;, 7 ;. 2. mordax, acis (biting, 
 deep cutting) : a pine struck with a s. 
 axe, m. ferro icta pinus, Hor. Od 4, 6, 9 : 
 Plin. 3. subtllis, e (very fine and 
 thin): the S. edge of a sword, s. acies 
 gladii. Sen. Ep. 76. ||, of the senses : 
 1. acutus : s. ears, aures a., Calp. 4, 
 12 : quick and s. eyes, oculi acres atque 
 a., Cic. Plane. 27, 66. 2. acer, cris, ere ; 
 the s.est of our senses is the sense of seeing, 
 acerriraus ex nostris sensibus est sensus 
 videndi, id. de Or. 2, 87, 557 Join: 
 acer et acutus. 3. sagax (of the sense 
 of smell) . he has got a s. nose, s. nasum 
 habet, PI. Cur. i, 2, 17. _ |||. Of the 
 mental faculties : 1. acutus (quick in 
 apprehending things): a s. rather than 
 a learned man, homo a. magis quam 
 eruditus, Cic. Att. 12, j8, $ ■ a very s.- 
 witted man, homo ingenio acutissimus, 
 id. de Or. i, 39, 180. Comp. peracutus - 
 very s. at inrenting, p. ad excogitandum, 
 id. Brut. J9, 145. lie seemed to himself to 
 be very s., sibi ipse p. videtur, id. Verr. 
 2, 44, 108 : a man naturally very s. and 
 prudent, vir natura p. et prudens, id. 
 Or. 5, 18. 2. acer (keen, vigorous, 
 penetrating) : a man of the very s.est 
 discernment, vir acerrimo ingenio, ib. 
 5. 18 ■ cf. Sail. J. 7, init. (Jugurllia erat 
 impigro atqiie acri ingenio.) Comp. pgr- 
 acer (v. rare in this sense) . a very s. 
 judgment, judicium p., Cic. Fam. 9, 16 
 734 
 
 init. 3. subtilis (fine, discriminating 
 accurately) : v. keen, precise, accu- 
 rate. 4. argutus (sagacious, acute) : 
 the very s.est sayings, vel argutissima 
 dicta, Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 250. 5. nasutus 
 (sharp-scented : rare) . Mart, : Sen. Suas. 
 IV. Violent, severe, sharp in taste, 
 etc. : 1. acer . a s. uxinter, hiems a., 
 Enn. in Prise: a s. illness, a. morbus, 
 PI. Men. 5, 2, 121 . s. thirst, sitis a.. Til). 
 If i. T7- Comp. peracer : very s. vinegar, 
 acetum p., PI. Bac. j, j, i. 2, acerbus , 
 s. cold, a. frigus, Hor. Ep. I, 17, 5J: v. 
 SEVERE. V. Of language : biting, 
 stinging, reproachful: 1. mordax, 
 acis (ready to bite, snarling, snappish) ; 
 Hor. : Pers. : v. spiteful. 2. acidus 
 (sour, disagreeable .• rare in this sense) ; 
 a man tvith a s. tongue, homo linguae 
 acidae, Sen.Contr. 5, J4: v. sour. Phr. : 
 a s. fight took place, acriter pugnatum 
 est, Caes. pass. : to throw s. glances on 
 all sides, acrem aciem in omues partes 
 intendere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, j6 : to iise 
 the s.est language to any one, aliquem 
 gravissimis verborum acerbitatibus af- 
 ficere (R. and A.). 
 
 sharp (subs.) i musical term : no 
 known equivalent : a semitone is hemi- 
 tonium (Vitr. ?, 4) ; so that we may 
 possibly expr. by hemitonium superius: 
 diesis is a quarter tone, toni pars quarta, 
 Vitr. 1. c, J ;. 
 
 sharp-set: famelicus: v. famished. 
 Oftener expr. by esiirire (to be s.) : Cic. : 
 Ter. : v, hungry, to be. 
 
 sighted: I. Lit.; 1. expr. 
 
 by acute cernere : cf. Lucr. 4, 811 ; clare 
 cernere, Plin. 28, 8, J2. 2. acuto 
 (acutissimo) visu praeditus . Forcell. ; 
 acri (acerrimo) visu pr., Kr. 3. perh. 
 perspicax (usu. fig. . v. infr.) : cf. Ter. 
 Heaut., homo perspicacior Lynceo vel 
 Argo ; so used by Forcell. s. v. lynx. 
 Phr.: to be as s. as Lynceus, tantum 
 quantum Lynceus oculo contendere 
 posse, cf. Hor. Ep. I, 1, 28 (which how- 
 ever refers to seeing far rather than 
 seeing what is minute): inteiitis oculis 
 assequi tantum quantum Lynceus asse- 
 cutus esse diciiur, Dbring ad 1. ||, 
 Fig.: of the mind: perspicax, subtilis, 
 etc. : V. KEEN -SIGHTED. AIso, acute 
 facutum) cernere can of course be used 
 by metaphor : Hor. S. i, j, 26. 
 
 -sightedly ; aciite : v. acutely. 
 
 (Perspicaciter ; late and rare.) 
 
 -sightedness : acuta (acutis- 
 
 sima)oculorum acies (lit.); perspicacitas 
 (fig.) : cf. preced. art. 
 
 witted : aciitus, acer, sagax, 
 
 argutus: v. shrewd, keen, sharp (II.). 
 
 sharpen : I. To give a keen edge 
 or fine, point : 1. acuo, ui, iitum, } 
 to s. a saw, serrani a., Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 
 1 16 : tos.a sword, femim a., Virg. Aen. 
 8, i86: to s. one's teeth, dentes a., Hor. 
 Od. }, 20, 10. Comp. (1). praeacuo, j 
 (to s. at one end to a point : v. rare) 
 v. TO point. (2). ex^cBO, 3 (to make 
 very sharp or pointed) : to s. iron tools 
 on a whetstone, ferramenta cote ex., 
 Plin. 28, 4, 12: to s. stakes and forks 
 vallos furcasquo ex. ( = praeacuere), 
 Virg. G. I, 264. 2. acumino, i (late): 
 Plin. Lact. 3. aspSro, i ■ (to rub on 
 anything, and so to sharpen): to s. a 
 blunted dagger on a stone, pugionem 
 obtusum a. saxo, Tac. A. 15, 54. 4. 
 cuspido. 1 (v. TO point) : Plin. Phr. to 
 be s.'d to a point in the fire, in mucro- 
 nem ardescere, Tac. 15, 54. ||. Fig. : 
 Of the intellect to sharpen one's wits, 
 etc. : acuo, j tos. the tmigue by practice 
 in speaking, a. linguam exercitatione 
 dicendi, Cic. Brut. 97, 321. So, exacuo, 
 J : to s. the edge of the mind, ingenii 
 aciem ex., id. Leg. I, 2J, 60. 
 
 sharper (subs.) : vgterator, fraudator. 
 praestigialor v. cheat. 
 
 sharply : I. 'With a keen edge or 
 fine point : acute ■ Lucr. : Cic. v. adjj. 
 under sharp (I.). ||. 'With energy or 
 severity: 1, acriter: Cic: Caes. 2. 
 acerbe (with temper and bitterness) : s. 
 severe on his son, ac. in filium severus, 
 Cic. Off. }, }j, 112. to atlOiCk any mie 
 soTnewhat s. (i. e. with words') in aliquem 
 
 acerbius invehi, id. Am. 16, 57. 3. 
 aspgre (harshly, with asperity) : M. Gate 
 sjHtke s., etc., M. Cato a. locutus est, id. 
 de Or. I, 5J, 227 . v. harshlt 4. 
 graviter v. sevebelt, harshly. |||, 
 Of the mental powers, in cMoquwl 
 language : acute, acriter, subtiliter : 
 
 v. KEENLY. 
 
 sharpness ; I. Keenness of an 
 edge or point: 1. expr. by atitus, 
 subtilis- v. sharp. 2. subtjl'(tas(r«r3/ 
 great fineness of edge and nicety) : Plin, 
 28, 9, 41. II. Pungency of taste : 
 
 1. acrimonia : sweet, vrith a kind of 
 s., dulcis cum quadam a., Plin. 24, 14, 78. 
 
 2. acritiido (rare) Vitr. 2, 9, 12 
 (pungency of a sap). 3. aspgritas the 
 s. of vinegar, a. aceti, Plin 9, }$, 58. 
 
 III. Of character : acerbitas, aspg- 
 ritas : v. harshness, severity. P h r. • 
 to use s. against any one, in aUquo seve- 
 ritatem adhibere, Cic. Fin. i, 7, 24: s. 
 severius adhibere aliquem, id. Att. icj, 
 12, ? • with «., aspere, acerbe, etc.: v. 
 sharply (U.). IV. Uf the senses : 
 expr. by adj., v. sharp (II.) : s. of sight, 
 oculorum acies, Lucr, i, }2; • v. sharp- 
 sightedness. V. Of the mental pouert: 
 
 1. aciimen, inis, n. : vihere is your 
 s. f ubi est a. tuum ? Cic. Tusc. i, 6, 12 : 
 s. of talents, ingeniorum a., id. Fl. 4, 9. 
 
 2. subtilitas: v. acdteness ; keen- 
 ness. 3. perspicacitas : v. shabp- 
 sightedness. VI. Severity of the 
 climate or atmosjihere : inclementia : 
 Just. 9, 2 . V. severity, intensfty. 
 
 shatter ("•) •• l._ To dash into 
 pieces : 1. frango, fregi, fractum, i ■■ 
 V. to break. More adequately expr. by 
 comps.: (1). confringo, j. by kicking 
 against them with my feet I nearly s.'d 
 these two doors, pultando pedibus pene 
 coDfregi hasce ambas fores, PI. Most. 2, 
 2, 25 : trees s.'d by the violence of the 
 storm, arbores vi tempestatis confractae, 
 Ulp. Dig. 39, 2, 24. (2). perfringo, j 
 (rare in this sense) : the ships had s.'d 
 their prons, naves proras perfregerant, 
 Liv. 22, 20, init. (3). effringo, i (to dash 
 out by a i"iolent blow) : cf. Virg. Aen. 5 
 480, effracto illisit in ora cerebro. 2, 
 disciitio, cussi, cussum, j (to rend in 
 pieces) : the column was s.'d ty lightning 
 from the top to the bottom, columna tota 
 ad imum tulmine disciissa est, Liv. 42, 
 20 : to «. the hollow temples with one blow, 
 d. tempora cava i( tu. Ov .VI. 2, 625 : the 
 prow of the ship beinij s.'d, rostro navis 
 discusso, Anct. B. Alex. 46. 3. elide, 
 si, sum, } (to dash out or in pieces 
 by a violent blow) : to s ships (as a 
 storm does'), naves e., Caes. B. C. j, 27 s 
 PI. 4. quasso, i (to shake vio- 
 
 lently , damage by shaking) : the ves- 
 sels being s,'d, quassatis vasis, Lucr, 
 t, 435 the fleet being s.'d by stwrme, 
 ciassis ventis quassata, Virg. Aen. i, 
 551. So, quassas rates, s.'d barks, Hor. 
 Od. I, I, 1 8. Comp. conquasso, i (rare)i 
 to s. a cup, calicem c, Cato R. R. $z,fin, 
 II, Fig. sense : 1. frango, 3 : esp. 
 in p. pari., fractus : s.'d by defeats a/nd 
 calamities, proeliis calamitatibusque 
 fractus, Caes. B. G. i, n, med. : Virg. 
 So, comps. (1). infringo, } : this battle 
 so s.'d the power of the Samnites, hoc 
 proelium Samnitiuni res ita inf regit, Liv. 
 8, 59, med. : v. to impair. (2). con- 
 fringo, } (stronger): Cic. Verr. 2, i, 5, IJ : 
 Val. Max. 2. comramuo, i, Qtum, j 
 (strictly, to break into small pieces) : tos. 
 the resources of a state, opes civitatis c, 
 Cic Verr. 5, 37, extr. Join: frangere 
 et comminuere, id. Off. 2, 11, fin. 3; 
 sometimes, debilito, l (to disable): cf. 
 Nep. Ages. 5, quum eo facto opes adver- 
 sariorum debiliiatae viderentur (quite 
 s.'d and overthrown), Phr. . s.'d in 
 constitution, *cujus corporis vires morbo 
 [laboribus, etc.] confectae sunt; cujns 
 corporis vires [vitiis, etc.] effetae sunt: 
 cf. Cic. Sen. 9, 29. 
 
 shave (^■) ■ I. ^o remove the hair 
 of the body : 1, rado, si, sum, } (to 
 shave off the hair with a razor): to S. 
 the head and eyebrows, caput et super» 
 cilia r., Cic. R. Com. 7, 20: to s. tA* head 
 (as a token of slavery), caput r.. LiT. i4
 
 SHAVER 
 
 SHEEP-WALK 
 
 SHELL 
 
 S2,f.n.r t» s. the beard, barbam r.. Suet. 
 Aug. 79. C'omp. (1). abradu, } (/o fhave 
 off) the eyebroiis eiUiifly «.ti off, 
 supercilia peniius abrasa, Cic. K. Com. 
 ■J, 20 : Hor. ( 2). deiaJo. j (to sitave off : 
 rare): to s. ttie liair off the uliole head, 
 capillum ex capite omni d., Gell. i"), 9. 
 Frequent, raslto, 1 to be s.d every daij, 
 facieni quotidie rasitare, Suet. Olh. 12. 
 2. tondeo, tdtondi, tonsiim, 2 (.to 
 clip with scissors : according to the 
 earlier and ruder custom) . to s. (clip) 
 the beard av/l hair, barbam et capillum 
 t. Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58 to s. the face, 
 OS t, Cat. 61. I J?. ''omp. attoiideo, 
 tondi, tonsum, 2 • a sliavtm head, caput 
 attonsum.Cels. 4. ?,/»!. I'hr. . to s. the 
 beard for the Jirst time, barbatoriam 
 facere, Petr. Sat. 71, 6. (X.B.— Beware 
 of using rado as verb iutr. eitber the 
 object must be pxprt-.-i.sed, as in exx. 
 given above, or the pass. rrff. must l>e 
 used : cf. Suet. Cues. 45, circa corporis 
 curam moroslor, ut nun solum ton- 
 deretur ac raderetur . . . .) ||. To 
 
 pare off, in gen. sense : rado, i : v. to 
 
 SCRAPE OFF. 
 
 shaver (subs.) .• tonsor : v. barber. 
 
 shaving (««6s.): |. The act of 
 shaving: rasura (rare in this sense): 
 a s. of the beard and head, barbae ca- 
 pitisque r., Hier (More freq. expr. by 
 verb • the practice of s., *mos barbam 
 radendi : v. to sh.\Vf,.) ||, A thin 
 slice pared off: ramenta, orum (in pi. 
 only) : to keep grapes in sau-dust or in 
 fir s.s, uvas scobe ramentisve abiegnis 
 Bervare, Plin. 15, 17, 18. 
 
 shawl; perh.*aniiculum: v.manti.f., 
 
 she (pron.): expr. by fern, of prons. 
 hie ille, is: v. iif.. In composition- 
 a she-wolf ,etc.,expT. byfemlna: as.-tfolf, 
 lupus f, Enn. in Serv. Virg. Aen. 2, jS; : 
 
 T, FFMALE. 
 
 sheaf : 1. manlpulus (a bundle of 
 hay or cut corn that may be carried in 
 the hand) : to tit up sheaves, manlpulos 
 obligare. Col. 11, 2, 40: also m. vinclrc, 
 alligare, id. 2. fascis, is, m. {any 
 bundle of tu'igs, straw, etc.) : sheaves of 
 straw and twigs, fasces stramentorum 
 ac virgultorum, Hirt. B. G. 8, 15-1 
 V BtTNDLE. 3. merges, itis, /. (v. 
 rare and poet.) : Virg. G. 2, 517 (ant 
 Cerealis mergite culmi). 
 
 shear ("•) •" !• ^ <^* "•* "'""' ''ff 
 sheep : 1, tondeo, tStondi, tonsum, 2 
 (most usual equiv.): to s. weak sheep, 
 oves infirnias t., Hor. Epod. 2, 16 : to s. 
 (off) wool, ianam t.. Id. Od. }, 15, 15 
 Comp. detondeo, i: to s. sheep, oves d., 
 Cato R. R. 96: Col. Frequent, tonslto, i 1 
 (to s. ofteti)' P'- 2. tonsuram facio \ 
 
 V. SHEARING, SUi»S. ||. Fig. tO Strip. 
 
 rob : rarely, if at all, except in p. part, 
 shorn: spSlio, nudo, I • v. to stkii-. 
 Also sli/n~n of may be expr. by nudus : 
 cf. Hor. Od. }, i6, 2? (nudus = shoi-n of 
 att my wealth) : and less freq. viduus : 
 cf. ib. I, 10, II : v. DF-sTixnTE. 
 
 shearer : use imperf. part, of ton- 
 deo, 2 : V TO .siiRAR. (Tonsor = barber.) 
 
 shearing (subs.) .- tonsura some 
 make their s.s half-yearly, quidam se- 
 mestres facinnt t., Varr. R. R. 2, 11 
 Plin. 28, 8, 29. 
 
 shears; forfices, um,/. .• they cut off 
 the bad i/ rapes tn a cluster with s., 
 vitlosa piaiKi in uva forficibus am- 
 putant, Ciil. 12, 44. nimin. forficulae, 
 arum (small .':hears) ■ Plin. 
 
 sheat-fish : perb. sllurus. (•Silurus 
 Glanis, l.inn.). 
 
 sheath : _ i. for a cutting in- 
 strument -. vagina v. s<-ABBARn. ||, 
 In botany , a membrane protecting a 
 stem or branch : vagina ; it (the ear) 
 is shut up in s.s, vapinis includitur, Ci* 
 de Sen. 15, 51 : 'f. Varr. R. R. i, 48, i 
 (et etiam primitus spica cum oritur 
 vaginam habet). Vimin. vaginula 
 (small or fine sheath), Plin. 18. 7, 10. 
 
 sheathe ("•) •• I. To place a sit-ord 
 in its sheath: Pbr. : (gladium) In va- 
 ginam recondere, Cic. Inv 2, 4, 14 . 
 vaginae ensem referre. Sil. 7, 508. ||, 
 JO bury, thrust deeply: Phr. : he s.d 
 the dagger in the body of the consul. 
 
 sicam in corpora consulis defixit, Oc. 
 Cat. l,6,f(n.: (I.ucretia) t.d the knife 
 in her heart, cultrum in corde delixit, 
 Li V.I. 58. .fin. .So. glailium in pectus infi- 
 gere, Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 50 v. al.soTO BURY. 
 
 sheathing : metal plates to cover a 
 ship's bottom laminae (aereae, lerreae, 
 etc.) : V. I'l.iTK. 
 
 sheave : a wheel in which the rope 
 works in a block ; orbiculus : Cato 
 
 Vitr. V PULLEY. 
 
 shed (i") •• \. To let fall , to scatter .- 
 to throiv off: fundo, fudl.lQsum, ? . and 
 he S.S tears copiously at ea-.h word, et 
 niultum liicrimas verba Inter singula f., 
 Virg. Aen. j, n8 : has not enough of 
 jMtin blond been shed r parumne fusuni 
 est Latini sanguinis .> Hor. Kpod. 7, 4. 
 C<mip. (1). effundi), j: to s. tears, lacri- 
 mas e., Cic. Plane. 42. 101. (2). prO- 
 fundo, } (to shed copiously): 1 have s. 
 Jloods of tears, vim lacrimarum profudi. 
 id. Rep. 6, 14, fin. ; he is eager to s. all 
 Awottm6/oo<i,sanguinem suunip.omnem 
 cupit, Cic. Clu. 6, 18. (3). diffundo, j 
 (to s. atrroad) .- light s. abrocui otter the 
 whole sky, toto coelo lux diffusa, Cic. 
 N. D. 2, J7, ./in.: Lucr. Phr.: to s. 
 light on a subject, lumen alicui rci ad- 
 hibere, Cic. de Or. ?, 1 i,fin. , affiTre, ib. 
 2, 86, j;5. II, Of trees, to part n-ith 
 their foliage; also, of animals, to part 
 with hair, teeth, etc. : Phr, : children s. 
 their teeth, infantibus dentes cadunt, cf. 
 Lucr. 5, 671 : trees u-hich s. their leaves, 
 arbores quarum folia docidunt, cf. Plin. 
 18, 25, 60: the sheep s. their "wi? of 
 their oivn accord, lanigeris gr.gihus 
 sponte sua lanae cadunt, Ov. M. 7, ?4i : 
 to s. the feathers, plumas ponere, exuere 
 (Kr.). 
 
 abroad : 1. diffundo. ? : v. 
 
 TO SHED. 2. pando, ? . v. to spread. 
 
 around ; circumfundo, J Cic. : 
 
 Ov. 
 
 shed (subs.): I. In ord. sense 
 tectum, tugiirium; v. hovel. ||. In 
 milit. sense : for sheltering besiegers : 
 vinea, pluteus : v. mantelet. 
 
 shedder (of blood) . bamlcida, qui 
 hominem occidit, necat : v. murderer. 
 (N.B. — Not qui sangulnem fundit, pro- 
 fundit.) 
 
 sheen ' fulgor : v. flash. 
 
 sheep ; I. The animal • 1. Jvis, 
 is,/.; pass. Pro v.: to trust a s. to 
 a wolf, o. lupo committere, Ter. Eun. 
 ?, I, 16. Dimin. Oviciila (v rare and 
 late): Tert. 2. bidens, tis (siriclly 
 perh. an animal with the two rows of 
 teeth complete : afterwards usu. a sheep) : 
 to slay seren bullocks, and just as many 
 s.. chosen according to custom, septem 
 mactare juvencos, tot idem lectasde more 
 bidentes, Virg. Aen. 6, 19 : the s. saio the 
 wolf lying in a pitfall, b. jacentem in 
 fovea conspexit lupum, I'haedr. i, 17. 8. 
 3. pgcus,6ris,n.(ca«'<:colleclively): 
 V. FLOCK. 4. pCcus, iidis,/ (strictly, 
 any Irrute beast : in poet. usu. = ovis) : 
 Virg. Aen. j, 120. Lucr. Afockofs., 
 ovlaria (sc. pecuaria), Varr. R. R. 2, 
 praef. extr. . of or Monging to s., 
 ovilis (rare), Apul. ; ovillus : a pig, a s., 
 a goat, and an ox, unus ex suillo, ovillo, 
 caprino, bovillo grege. Liv. 22, 10 milk 
 •/ s., lac ovillum. Plin. 28, 9, }}: C<.1. 
 II. Fig.: a silly. fellow: 6vis: who 
 in the world has brought these s.f quls 
 has oves adegit ? PL Bac. 5, 2, j -. v. 
 
 SIMPLKTON, NINN'Y. 
 
 -cot: Ovile: v. SHF.FP-FOLD. 
 
 -dog"; P^rh. canis Sviarius, pas- 
 
 tOralis. (Species, canis familiaris.) 
 
 fold : septum (any nwlosure 
 
 for animals), conseptum, 6vile : v. 
 FOLD (I.). 
 
 -hook; pf'dum: v.CBOOK. Also, 
 
 baculuni pa.'^torale Sil. 
 
 -market : * l<5rum BvlSrium. 
 
 shearer; 'qui oves tondet. 
 
 -shearing : v. shkarino. 
 
 skin: P*"'''* Ovllla; Plin. also, 
 
 ovis pellis, and pi. oviuni p«-lles. 
 
 stealer; *ovium fur : qui oves 
 
 furatur. 
 
 -walk : perh. * pascaum ovi- 
 
 arium ■ cf. Col. 8, 14,/n. 
 
 sheepish (adj.) .- perh. blennus (• 
 rare word, denoting great ttupulUy): 
 PI. Bac. 5, I, 2. See also stupid. 
 
 sheepishly : perh. gtuit£, stfiUde : 
 
 V. STL l-lbL\. 
 
 sheepishness ; ^- stupiditv. 
 
 sheer (<"0) I. itiyht duum, un- 
 
 broken : abruplUS (tttrp : precipitoiit) ; 
 a s. precipice of a Uioutand feet deep, 
 locus inpedummilleallitudlnem a, Liv. 
 21, }6. Pli r. : a s.precivwe, pnwruplu* 
 l<x;us [ex utraque part<-] dlrcciiis, Ca<-B 
 B. C. I, 45 ■ v. pkhpf.ndrci.ar, pre- 
 cipitucs. II. Alts>iute. utter, pure : 
 
 1, nif rug . they tell $. mantli, ni. 
 nion>tra nuDtlani, Cic. Att. 4. 7. I cL 
 lb. 9, I J, 7 (mera scelera loquuntur). 
 
 2. germanus (real, out and out) ; 
 s. humbug, g. gerrae, I'l. I'oen. 1, I, 9 
 Cic. V. GENUINE. 3. expr. by nIhU 
 nisi; cf. Ter. Ad. j, }, 40: tu ... nihil 
 nisi sapientia es, you are a piere uf 1, 
 wisdom: this is s. Jolly, haec nihil aliud 
 nisi ineptiae sunt. 4. purus pOtus 
 (pure and simple): this is a t. tyco- 
 phant, p. p hie sycophanta est, I'l. Ps. 4. 
 7, 105: Sail. 
 
 sheer ofF(i'-) •• discedere, se amolid ; 
 v to depart. 
 
 sheet (subs.): I, A broad piece of 
 linen for beA furniture, or far a vivd- 
 ing-sheet : 1. linteum (any piece of 
 liven cloth) : V linen. 2. late, flndOn, 
 5nis,.f. ; Vulg. Mar. xlv. 52 (explain^-d 
 by \Vahl as, linteum tenue, majus, qu«- 
 dratum, quo Orientales maxinie aesiate 
 et nwMIs tempore uii s<ilebant, et quo In- 
 volvebantur etiam mortuorvim corpora 
 a description exactly applicable to a 
 sheet). II. A sheet of paper , pl&gula 
 the S.S are dried in the sun and joined 
 together, siccantur sole p. atque inter 
 se Junguntur, Plin, u, 12, 2}. Used in 
 mod. Lat. for proof-sheets : q. v |||, 
 K i g. ; arty expanded surface , a sheet of 
 metal, lamina (v. plate) a s. of voater 
 lacus, stagnum, piscina: v. lake, pond. 
 IV. In nautical language: o rope 
 fastening the coi-ner if a sail : pea, 
 pedis, m. . to veer out one s., pedem 
 facere, Virg. Aen. 5, 8jo: to let fiy the 
 S.S, pedes proftrre, I'liu. 2, 47. 48. 
 
 -anchor ; \. The largest and 
 
 most sei-ure anchor in a ship: • p«-rh. 
 ancdra ultima, maxima. ||. Fig. the 
 last refuge for safety: ancora ultima 
 Ihe s. of the wearied, anojra n. fessia, 
 Sil. 7, 24. I^ss fig., spes maxima; in 
 f|Uo spes onuiis est. 
 
 -lightning: perh. fulgetruin: 
 
 cf. Plin. 2, 4!, 4?- v UGHTNING. Or 
 by circuml., lulgura toto coeli tracts 
 diffusa. 
 
 shekel: sidtJs (a Hebrew word) 
 Hier 
 
 sheldrake : * tadorna vnlpanser, 
 
 WlKJ*i. 
 
 shelf ; I. -^ lioar<i to lay things on : 
 1. pluteus (a shelf on which articles 
 of vertu iiere placd) : a nd hr bids the tj 
 preserve Oie original statues of < 'leanthes. 
 et Jubet archet'ypos p. M>rvare Cleanthas, 
 Juv. 2, 7 : cf. Pers. I, ic6. 2. pegnia, 
 ktis.n. (a set of shelves): nothing could 
 be more beautiful than thive sj of y<'urs 
 when they set off the Ix-okt vHf> label* 
 ; attached to the Uwks. nihil venustlus 
 quam ilia tua p»'ginata postquam sll- 
 lybls libros illustrant, Cic. .\tL 4, 8, ad 
 fin. 3. lOculimenta, Onmi (with com- 
 partments . very rare in this sense) : 
 sj reaching to the roqf. tecto teniis ex- 
 structa I., Sen. Tranq. 9, 7 4, tabula 
 (a s. made of a single biianl) : t. board, 
 PLANK. IJ. A ledge of ri)-ks: di'T^um 
 Virg. Aen. i, no. Or simply, saxa 14- 
 tentla . v. kkef, bock. 
 
 shell (subs.): I. The hard outer 
 coat of animals, fruits, etc. : 1, concha 
 (chiefly used of '/Ae shells of mollusks) : 
 small' fishes float into the open s., pi.<^- 
 ciculi parvi 111 c. biantem innataiil, Cit 
 N. D. 2, 48, 12 1 : f A< snail eticlused in a *, 
 implicitus couchae Umax. 1>1. 10, JX4. 
 2. crusta (<iny hard surface or oo- 
 vering of a body) : Uvutts are protected 
 by a frail s.. locustae c fragtii mnnl- 
 unlur, Plin. 9, jo, 50. Dimin. crustftU 
 735
 
 SH ELL 
 
 SHIELD 
 
 SHIFTY 
 
 (V. rare). Plin. 3, putamen (husk, 
 outer-covering) : walnut s.s., juglandium 
 putamitia, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, ;8 bean s.s, 
 fabae p., Plin. 17, 24, j" an ijg-shell, 
 ovi p., id. JO, 7, 19: Col. 4 calyx, 
 ycis, TO. (outer-covering) : three fruits 
 from one s., trini parius ex uno c, id. 
 
 15. 2J, 25 : eyg s.s., ovorum c, id. 28, 
 2, 4. 5. testa (the shell- of shell-jish or 
 of testaceous animah) ; races of ministers 
 clinging to the rock by their s.s, genera 
 Deluarum ad saxa testis inhaerentium, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, $9, 100: the s. of a tortoise, 
 testudinis t., Varr. L. L. 5, i?, 2J : Ihe s. 
 of an ouster, t. ostreae, Plin. }2, 6, 21. 
 
 6. foUlcQlus : V HUSK. 7. cortex, 
 Icis, m. (rare in this sense) ; an egg-s., 
 ovi c, Vitr. 8, j, i8. ||, An inner 
 coffin made of wood : area ; capiilus : v. 
 COFFIN. Ill, In military language, 
 a hollow shot fdled with gunpowder : 
 ♦globus lerreus pulvere nitrate re- 
 pletus. 
 
 shell (^0 •■ expr. by circuml. with 
 words under shell (I. and III.)- to s. 
 walnuts, *putamina juglandium detra- 
 bere . to s. a town, oppidum *globis 
 ferreis pulvere nitrato repletis oppug- 
 nare. 
 
 -fish ; 1. concha : (usu. the 
 
 shell, but also the entire creature) : Ov. 
 M. 10, 26'7 (Sidonis c. =z purple s.) : Lucr. 
 
 2, conchyliuni . usu. pi. : it happens 
 to oysters and all kinds of shell-fish, 
 ostreisque et concbyliis omnibus con- 
 tingit.Cic. Div. 2, 14, J j ; cf. Plin. 9, }6,6o. 
 
 3. testa (coUect. term; • not every sea 
 aboutuis in fme-flavowrea s., non omne 
 mare generosae fertile t, Hor. S. 2, 4, }l : 
 the sea s., t, marina, ib. 2, 8, 5;. 4. 
 testacea, Crum, n. (v. rare): every kind 
 of s., omnia t.. I'lin. ?2, 5, 20: the eye- 
 Uds of all insects and s. move like the 
 ears of quadrupeds, insectorum omnium 
 et t. operimenta oculi moventur sicut 
 quadrupedum aures, id. 11, 57, 55. 
 
 shelter (s"b«0 • I. Lit. that which 
 covers : 1. tegmen, tSginien, etc. • v. 
 COVERING. 2, sufl^gium (from sun, 
 rain, etc.): no s. front either the rain 
 or sun, 8. nullum aut imbris aut solis, 
 Plin. Ep. 9, J9, init. : theii are accus- 
 tomed to malce subterranean raves as a 
 s. from the cold of winter, solent sub- 
 terraneos specus aperire s. hienii, Tac. 
 (ierm. 16, Jm. : a s. against the severity 
 of the climate, s. adversus caell rigorem. 
 Sen. de Ira, i, 11, 2. ||, In wider 
 sense, a refuge, protection : 1. per- 
 fiigium (a plcu:e of refuge) : a s. and a 
 harbour for his broken fortune, ejus 
 fortunae jactatae portum ac p., Cic. Clu. 
 i, T- V. EEFUGE. 2. receptaculum 
 (place of retreat) • v. retreat. 3. 
 castsllum (lit., a fort, stronghold: fig., 
 a slielter. defence) : a sti-ongliohl of 
 abandoned citizens, and a s. Jor vil- 
 lanij, arx civium perditorum, c. latro- 
 ciuii, Cic. Pis. 5,11: a s.for every crime, 
 r. omnium scelerum, Liv j, 57. init. 
 4, ara (.lit., an altar, hence fig. a 
 protection) : to flee for refuge to the s. of 
 the laws, ad aram leguni confugere, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, j, 8. 5. umbra (fig., a shelter, 
 protection) r o s. ajid retreat, u. et re- 
 cessus, id. de Or. 3, 26, loi tliey skulk 
 under the s. of a great name, umbra 
 magni nominis delitescunt. Quint. 12, 
 10, IJ: they skulked under the s. of tlie 
 Roman friendship, sub umbra Romanae 
 araicitiae latebant, Liv. 54, g.ySn. 6, 
 hospitium and deversOrium may be used 
 to express shelter in the sense of lodgings 
 at. an inn, or hospitality in a private 
 house: v lodgi.sg. Phr in many 
 places T do not even get a s., multis locis 
 ne tectum quidem accipio. Cic. Att. ?, 
 
 16, } : to afford any one s. (as fugitives 
 from justice, etc.), aliquem tectis ac 
 sedibus recipere, Cic. (Kr.). See also 
 protection. 
 
 shelter ("•)• A. Trans.: |. 7b 
 cover and protect, as from cold, unnd, 
 etc. 1. tego, xi, ctum, ?. to preserve 
 and s. any one from iiijury, aliquem 
 conservare et t., Caes. B. C. 1, 85 : to g. 
 amdprotect any one, aliquem t. ac tneri, 
 Or. Fam. I }. 66. Crnnp. ; prOtSgo, i . 
 736 
 
 to s. a person against accusers, aliquem 
 adversus criminantes p., Tac. H. 2, 60 : 
 to s. the best men, vlros optimos p., Plin. 
 Ep. ?, 9, fin. 2. defendo, di, sum, } : to 
 s. any one from injury, aliquem ab in- 
 juria d., Caes. B. U. 5, 20, fin. : to s. 
 (strictly, i. e. to ward off from) the vines 
 from the too powerful heat of the sun, 
 nimios solis ardores d., Cic. de Sen. 1 5 , 5 }• 
 
 3. arceo, cui, 2 (to uard off: with ace. 
 and abl.) : Xeptune s.s the fleets from the 
 North minds, Neptunus classes Aquilon- 
 ibus arcet, Hor. A. P. 64 : Tac. 4. expr. 
 by sufTijgiuni praebere: it s.s neither 
 from, rain nor the sun, s. nullum aut im- 
 bris aut solis praebet, cf. Plin. Ep. 9, J9, 
 med. II. To receire and protect : 1, 
 excTpio, cepi, ceptum, } : Tigranes s.'d 
 Mithridatrs uhen panic-stricken and in 
 flight, Mithridatem in timore ac fuga 
 excepit I'igranes, Cic. Mauil. 9, 25 : 
 happy land, which sludl s. this man, 
 terram heatam, quae hunc virum ex- 
 ceperit, id. Mil. ?8, 105 : cf. Liv. 29, 11, 
 ad fin. (aliquem hospitio excipere). 
 2, expr. by in tutelam recipere . 
 V. protection. See also to protect. 
 B. Intrans. . expr. by circuml. : 
 they s.'d in various places in alarm, 
 diversa tecta metu petjere, Viig. Aen. 4, 
 164: they s.'d in a catie, »(imbrls, tem- 
 pestatis. etc.) suffugium quaerentes in 
 speluncam se recepere: v. to betake 
 0NF.SE1.F. 
 
 sheltering (adj.) •• sometimes, um- 
 brosus : v. shady. Or by circuml., *qui 
 umbram, tegmen, suffugium praebet : 
 V. shade, sheltek (subs.). 
 
 shelving (adj-) •" proclivis, decUvis, 
 acclivis, pronus : v. sloping. 
 
 shelvy (adj.) : full of or abounding 
 in shalloirs .- vadosus : a s. sea, mare v., 
 Caes. B. C. i, 25. 
 
 shepherd : I. Literally, one who 
 guards and tends sheep : \, pastor 
 (g. t. for one who feeds herds or flocks 
 of any kind) : he artns the slaves and 
 s.s, servos, p. armat, Caes. B. C. I, 24: 
 etpass. 2. upilio s. 6pilio (strictly, 
 of sheep only) : the s. about to seek the 
 pastures of a far-o^" country, longinquae 
 regionis pascua petiturus 11., Col, R. II. 
 7, J, med. : the s. who feeds another 
 man's sheep, o. qui pascit alienas oves, 
 PI. Asin. J, I, ;6. 3. expr. by circuml. : 
 oviumcustos: v. keeper. Ashepherd't 
 staff, pedum ; baciilum pastorale (v. 
 CROOK) a s.'s pipe, fistula pastoricia: 
 cf. sine ulla fistula pastoricia, Cic. Att. 
 I, 16, 6 (usu. simply, fistula, v. pipe); 
 s.'s iveather-glass (a plaid), * anagallis 
 arvensis (Linn.) ■ s.'s purse (a plant) 
 *thlaspi bursa pastoris (Linn.): s.'s 
 needle (a pUint), *scandix pecten (Linn.). 
 See also herdsman. ||, In fig. sense 
 pastor Scrip. Eccl. pass. 
 
 shepherdess : perh. * pastor femina. 
 
 sherbet : perh. sicera (some kind of 
 intoxicating drink); Vulg. Luc. i. i? 
 Or *syrupus (M. L.), syrup, .<:herhit, 
 and shrub being different forms of the 
 same word. (By circuml., *potus dulcis 
 qui Anglice sherbet dicitur.) 
 
 sherd : 'v. shard. 
 
 sheriff; *gei'ae fa V. DuCange, s. v 
 
 sherry: *vinum Hispanicum quod 
 ab oppido Xeres importatur. 
 
 shew ("■) •■ V. SHOW 
 
 shield (subs.) ; I. For defending 
 the body : 1. sciJtum (most usual 
 word ; properly of an oblong shape) : 
 to take iff the coverings from s.s (in 
 preparing for action), scutis tegimentii 
 detrahere, Caes. B. G. 2, 21 to throw 
 airaiy one's s. and flee, abjeclo scuto 
 fuge.re, Cic. Tusc. 2, 2?, 54. to abandon 
 one's s., s. relinquere, Tac. G. 6. 2. 
 clTpeus, also written clupeus and clypeus 
 (a round brazen shield carried by Gre- 
 cian soldiers) : an oblong in the place of 
 a round s., scutum pro clipeo, Liv. i, 4;, 
 init. : to receive blows upon a s., excipere 
 ictus clipeo, Ov M. 12, J7? : Cic. Rarer 
 form of the above, clipeum . cf. Liv. {4, 
 52, med. (ad hoc clipea argentea decem) : 
 Virg. Dimin., clipgSlum (v. rare and 
 late) Hyg. Fab. IJ9. 3. parma 
 
 ( = Greek ndpixr) a small round shield 
 
 carried by light infantry and cavaltTf)! 
 they leap down from their horses and 
 hold their s.s before the antesignanx. 
 desiliunt ex equis et pro aniesignani* 
 p. objiciunt, Liv. 2, 20, fin. ■ this soldier 
 has a s. three feet in diameter, hie miles 
 tripedalem p. habet, id. j8, 21, fin. 
 Dimin., parmula (v. rare) Hor. Od. 2, 
 7, 10 (relicta nou bene parmula). 4. 
 pelta (= Gk. n-eATTj ; a small light target. 
 usu. crescent-shaped) : the iknd of s. 
 called the pelta is not unlike the small 
 Spanish s., p. cetrae baud dissimilis est. 
 Liv. 28, 5, fin. : Virg. : see also Smith's 
 Antiq. 882. 5. cetra (caetra; prob. a 
 Spanish word ; the small shield used by 
 the .Spaniards, Britons, etc.) : immense 
 swords and short s.s, gladii ingentes et 
 breves c, Tac. Agr. j6, init. Fig.: the 
 hides of elephants too form, impenetrable 
 s.s, elephantorum quoque tergora impe- 
 netrabiles c. habent. Plin. 11, J9, 95. 
 
 6. ancile (an oval shield, Aen. 7, 
 188 esp. the one said to have fallen 
 from heaven in the reign of Numa, or 
 those mcule in imitation of it) : coelestia 
 arma, quae aiicilia appellantur, Liv. i, 
 20, med. 7. arma, orum (usu. imple- 
 ments of warfare of any kind, but also 
 used specifically for a shield) : kit 
 frieruls bore the cotpse upon their s.s, 
 socii exanimem super arma ferebant, 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 841. 8. umbo, onis, in. 
 (lit., any convex elevation, hence the boss 
 onas. : melon., a shield) : there, as the. 
 king ivas getting up, he throws him 
 down again on his back with his .s., 
 assurgentem ibi regem umbone resu- 
 pinat, Liv. 4, 19, med.: Virg.: Lucan. 
 
 II. Fig.: shelter, defence: prae- 
 sidium, tiitamen, etc. : v pbotkction, 
 refdge, shelter. Ill, In heraldry, 
 the escutclieon or field on which are 
 placed the bearings in coats of arms : 
 * scutum. IV. A twtanical term : 
 perh. scutiilum. 
 
 shield factories : snitariae fabri- 
 cae: cf Veg. Mil. 2, 11. 
 
 .maker : scatarius : Pi. Epid. 
 
 1, I. J5. 
 
 bearer t 1. sciitig6ruins : 
 
 PI. Cas. 2, J, 45. 2. armiger (gen. 
 term for an armour-bearer of on/ 
 kind): Virg., Ov. : v. akmolr-bearee. 
 
 shield (v.) : i. e. to cover as ivith a 
 shield : tego, j : v. to shelter. 
 
 shieldless : expr. by circuml. sine 
 scuto, clipeo, parma, etc : or by abl. 
 absol., scuto amisso, abjecto, relicto: 
 cf Hor. Od. 2, 7, 10 (relicta non bene 
 parmula). 
 
 shift («•)•■ A. T r a n s. : Toch an ye ; 
 
 to alter : miito, 1 : to s. one's clothes, 
 
 veslimenta m.. Suet. Tib. 14, fin. ; v. 
 
 to change; alter. B. Intrans.: 
 
 I. To move about, change direction t 
 
 1. circumiigo, egi, actum, j: with 
 pron. reft, (used of the nind, tide, etc.): 
 the wind s.ing about, circumagente se 
 vento, Liv. J7, 16. 2. mutor, i if 
 fortune were to s., si fortuna mulctur, 
 Caes. B. C. i, 59. Comp. • imniCitor, i ; v. 
 to change, alter. II, To resort to 
 expedients for safety : provideo, vidi, 
 visum, 2 : you need never care for 
 me . I shall s. for myself, nihil me 
 curassis, ego mihi providero, PL Most. 
 
 2, 2, 9?. 
 
 shift (tubs.') : I, An expedient tried 
 in difiicidty : 1, strSpha (lit., a titrn- 
 ing about) : I loillfind some s., aliquaui 
 s. inveniam, PHn. Ep. i, ii,fin.: irordy 
 S.S (tricks), s. verbosae, Phaedr. I, 14, 4 
 Sen. 2. doli, orum: veU furnished 
 with S.S and Fdasgian artifice, dolis in- 
 slructus et arte Pelasga, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 152 . by clever s.s, per doctos d., PL. Ps. 
 I, 5, 70- 3. perh. artes, ium, may 
 serve: v. artifice; stratagems. Full 
 of shifts, fertile in expedients : versutus, 
 viirius, etc. : v. shiftv. ||, An article 
 of female attire : indusium: Non. 
 
 shifty . '• s- ready with all kinds of 
 cunning expedients : 1. versiitus (ca- 
 pable of good sense also) Join ver 
 sutus, astutus, fallax, callidus, vater, 
 veterator, Cic. de Or. }, ij, s"^ ■ P- 
 
 2. perh. varlus (capable of adurf^
 
 SHILLING 
 
 SHIP 
 
 SHIPWRECK 
 
 ing ones*// to anything) : Sail. Cat. 5. 
 8. v6t6rator (strictly subs., an M 
 rogue, a dodger : also ust<l as adj.) : Cic. 
 Lc: Ter. 4. perh. praestigiosus (Jull 
 of trick-s) : praestigiator (ti-ickster) : v. 
 jdggi.eb; abo, trick. 
 
 shilling. *schGlingus {in the Latin 
 of the middle ages) : also sometimes re- 
 presented by solidus (as in the cUisslfica- 
 tiou, librae, solidi, denarii, L. s. d. : but 
 tha solidui sas strictly about a guinea). 
 Phr. : to pay twenty s.s in the pound, 
 sotidum suuiu cuique solvere, Cic. llab. 
 Post, i^, 46: to pay ten s.s in the pound, 
 dimidium ex eo quod debetur solvere, 
 Quint. ;, 10, 105. 
 
 shin: crOs, cruris, n.: the s. is re- 
 ceiced ly tlie crusi-lione of tiie ancles, 
 excipitur c. osse transverse taloruni, 
 Cels. 8, I, fin.: cf. Isid. Or. 11, i, no, 
 where the crura are stated to be beUniy 
 the Icnees (sunt sub geuibus usque ad 
 suras). 
 
 -bone: tibia: Cels. 8. \,fin.: 
 
 Isid. I.e. Ill: adj. tibialis, relating to 
 the shin-bone or shin : cf. Suet. Aug 82. 
 
 sliine ("•) : f" *!""' '■flys of light -, 
 
 to give forth brightness or splendour : 
 1, luceo, xi, 2 (gen. term, appli- 
 cable to any luminous object) : the star 
 was s.ing with a borroned light, stfUa 
 luce lucebat aliena, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, /in. .- 
 the funeral piU s.s uith fire, lucet igne 
 rogus, Ov. H. II, 1C4: Fhoelmt sat on 
 a throne s.ing with bnlliant emeralds, 
 sedebat in soiio I'hoebus Claris lucente 
 smaragdis, id. M. 2, 24- Comps. (I.) 
 coUuceo, 2, V. n. (to be all one blaze of 
 light) : the sun s.s brightly so far and 
 tvuie, sol tam longe lateque c, Cic. N. 1). 
 2, 15, 40: the torches s. brightly on 
 every side, lampades undique c, Ov. H. 
 14, 25. ('.!.) reluceo, 2 (to s. Iiack, gleam) .• 
 the wide waters s. irith fire, igni freta 
 lata relucent, Virg. Aen. 2, J12. Incept. 
 lucesco and liicisco, luxi, j (to begin to 
 s.): the sun t>egins to s., sol. I., Virg. K. 
 6. 37 : Ov. F. 5, 4i"j. Comp. iliraesco 
 and ilh'icisco, ; : v hen on the third day 
 tlie sun had begun to s., quuin tertio die 
 sol illuxisset, Cic. N. D. 2, J8, 96. 2. 
 lulgeo, fulsi, 2 (to s. with a briyht flash- 
 ing radiaiux) : the moon was s.ing in a 
 calm slcy, coelo fulgebat luna sereno, 
 Hor. Epod. 15, I : marble pakices s.ing 
 vith ivory and gold, marmorea tecta 
 ebore et auro fulgentia, Cic. Parad. i, j, 
 I } . Saturn's s.ing pahice (i. e. the sK-y) 
 fulgens domus Saturn!, Hor. Od. 2, 12, 8. 
 Comps. (1.) affulgeo, 2: v. TO .shine on. 
 (2.) offulgeo, 2 (to s. against or upon .- 
 rare): Virg. Aen. 9, no: Sil. (3.) rg- 
 fulgeo, 2 (tf) reflect a light, gleam) : the 
 gleom of the gold shone through the 
 boughs, auri refulsit aura per ranxis, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 204 ■ Cic. (poet.). Incept. 
 fulgesco, } (to begin to s. .• v. rare and 
 late): Firmic. 3. splendeo, 2(to.'!. b7t7- 
 liantly, as polished objects do) : the sea 
 ».s under the flickering light, s. tremulo 
 sub luinine pontus, Virn. Aen. 7, 9: the 
 ancestral salt-cellar s.s oti the meagre 
 table, paternum s. in mensa tenui Siili- 
 num, Hor. Od. 2, i6. 14. Comp. : re- 
 splendf-o, 2 (strengthened from simple 
 verb: poet.): Virg.: Sil. /ncfpt. splen- 
 desco, dui, j (to become bright): the 
 ploughshare (rubbed against the furrow) 
 begins to s., s. vomer, Virg. G. i. 46: 
 Ov. 4. nlteo, 2 (to beam with re- 
 flected light) : to s. with unguei\ts, un- 
 guentis n., Cic. Cat. 2, i . to s. with 
 use, usu n., Ov : cf. Lucr. i, 9, iiitct 
 diffuse lu:nine copliini. Comp. : pemiteo, 
 2 (to s. rerv much : v. rare) : Mela. 
 Incept, nitesco, tui, j (to begin to s.) : 
 Cic. poit : Plin. 5. mico, i : v. to 
 OLrTTKR, GLKAM. 6. candeo, ui, 2 (to 
 emit a while light: poet.), irory s.s on 
 the thrones, v. el>ur soliis. Cat. 64, 4; • 
 cf. Hor. Od. I, 9, I, where candidum = 
 l.ing white. 
 
 forth : \ 1. eluceo, xi, 2 
 
 out: ((both lit. and fig): a 
 
 circle s.ing out among the flames, inter 
 flammsis circuliis elucens, Cic. Rep, 6. 
 16. Fig.: alrcmly the spark of genius 
 shone forth in the youth, scintilla in- 
 
 genii jam eluoebat in puero, Cic. Rep. 2, 
 21. 2. enlteo, 2 (boib lit. and fig.): 
 the myrtle s.s forth with flowery branch- 
 lets, myrtus floridis ramulis e.. Cat. 61, 
 21 : so much grace s.s forth from her 
 lovely face, tantuin egregio decus e. ore, 
 Virg. Aen. 4, 1 50. Fig.: Oenutsthenes 
 shone forth in those speeches which are 
 called "the I'hilippics," in iis oratloiii- 
 bus, quae Phlli|)pitae nomiiianiur, eni- 
 tuit Deniosthem-s, Cic. Att. 2, i, 2: va- 
 lour shotif forth in war, virtus in bello 
 enituit, id. Mur. 14, ad fin. Incept. 
 enltesco, tnl, } tboth lit. and fig.) : Uiou 
 shinest forth fairer by far, e/c.,enitescis 
 pulchrior multu, etc., Hor. Od. 2,8,6: 
 yuint. Fig.: (he eagerly desired a new 
 uxtr) where valour could s. forth, ubi 
 virtus e. posset, .Sail. C. 54, fin. 3. 
 fulgeo, 2 (rarely fig.): eren in youth his 
 excellent disposition shone forth, fulge- 
 bat jam in adolescentulo indoles vir- 
 tutis, Nep. Kum. i, med. More pre- 
 cisely, comp. : effulgeo. 2 (both lit. and 
 fig.) . a new light shone forth from the 
 eyes, nova lux oculis effulsit, Virg. Aen. 
 9, 751. Fig.: i'hilip and Alexander 
 tlie (Ireat shone forth in war, in bello 
 Philippus ac Magnus Alexander effulge- 
 bant, Liv. 4;, 7. 4. exsplendesco, dul, 
 J, incep. (only fig.): he began to s. forth 
 more tiriUiantly than his schoolfellows 
 could patiently bear, clarius exsplen- 
 descebat quam condiscipuli aequo ani- 
 mo ferre possent, Nep. Att. I, fin. : from 
 his very childhood the gifts of mind and 
 body began to s. forth, in puero statim 
 corporis aniniique dotes exsplenduerunt. 
 Suet. Tit. }. 5. pelluceoand perluceo, 
 2 (in this sense only tig.) : the good and 
 beautiful s.s forth Jroni tite virtues I 
 have named, honestum deconimque e.x 
 iis, qnas commemoravi, virtutibtis p., 
 Cic. Off. 2, 9, ?2 : the chanuier of the 
 speaker s.s forth (i. e. appears) from 
 the .tptech, mores dicentis ex oratione p., 
 Quint. 6, 2, I}. 
 
 shine on or ucon : 1. affnigeo, si, 
 2 (both lit. and fig.: with dat.) : when 
 thy face, like spring, s.s upon the people, 
 instar veris nbi vultus tuus affulslt po- 
 pulo, Hor. Od. 4, 5, 6 : Ov. : Liv. 2. 
 offulgeo, si, 2 (with dat. : rare) : Virg. 
 Aen. 9. 1 10. 3. illustro. coUustro, i 
 V. to ii.njMiNE. (N.B.— affulgeo, offul- 
 geo, as also refulgeo [Hor. Od. 2, 17, 2?J, 
 are intrans. and lake dat. of indirect obj. : 
 illustro, collustro, arc trans., and take 
 ace. of direct obj.) 
 
 through : expr. by fulgeo, luceo, 
 
 with per: v. toshink. (Pelluceo, trans- 
 luceo = to be trinsparent.) 
 
 shingle: glarea^calcijli. v. gravel. 
 
 shingly : glareosus, calculosus : v. 
 
 GllAVF.Ll.Y. 
 
 shining (adj.) : lucldus, lucens ; 
 fiilgidus, fulgens; nitidus, nitens: v. 
 
 BRUJHT. 
 
 ship (subs.) : 1. navis, is,/, (gen. 
 terni. a s. of any kind) : s.s of nar, n. 
 Umgae, Caes. B. ti. 4, 22 : s.s of burden, 
 transport s.s., n. onerariae.ib. 4, 22 : called 
 also naves rotund:ie (lioni their form) : 
 the admiral's s., n. praetoria, Liv. 29, 
 25: a decked s., n. tecta. id. 22, 21, also 
 n. constrata, id. j;,46- a s. without a 
 deck, n. aperta, id. j2, 21 : a s. laden 
 with gold, chaff, etc., n. auri, paleac.etc. 
 Cic. I'arad. J, i : to build a s, n. con- 
 strnere, id. de Sen. 20, 72: also, n. aeoi- 
 fiaire, Gies. B. G. 5, init. ; n. facere, ib. ; 
 n. fabricari, Tac. A. '4. 29: to fit out a 
 s., n. adornare, Caes. B. C. I, 26; n. ar- 
 mare, id. B. U. ^, i : to launcli a s., n. in 
 nquam deducere, Liv. 28, 17 , or, simply, 
 n. deducere, Caes. B. G. ?, 2) ; or, n. ab 
 terra nioliri, Liv. 28, 7, ./in. : to work as., 
 n. agere, Hor. Kp. 2, i! 114: to bring a 
 s. to land at any place, n. appellere ad 
 aliquem locum, Cic. Att. 1 ?, 21, 4; n. 
 terrae :i|iplicare, Liv. 28. 17 : to sink a s., 
 n. deprimere, Caes. B. C. 2, 7: to sail in 
 a s., in nave vehl, Cic. N. D. j, J7, 89. 
 Fig. : tlte s. of the liepullic, n. reipub- 
 llcae, Cic. Se.\t. 20, 46. 2. naviglum 
 (a smaller s. ; in later l.atin u>ed as gen. 
 term for navis): to build s.s, navigi.n 
 facere, Cic. N. D. 2.60, 152: reamnoi- 
 J B 
 
 Iring sj, speculatoria navigia, Claes. B.G. 
 4, 26, fin. : transport ij, iiavlgia vac- 
 toria, ib. 5, 8, fin. Uther special terms 
 are, corbita (a ilow sailing i. 0/ burdrm) : 
 Cic. Att. 16,6: gaulus (=Gr. yai/Acx; 
 a round merchant vettcl used by lb* 
 Phoenicians): Fest. : cerciirus ( = Gr. 
 KfpKovpof ; o kind of light i. peculiar to 
 tlie Cyprians): Liv. }}, 19, _/in ; Pliti. 
 hlppagOgi, orum ( = tir. lirrrafwfOi ; 
 vessels for transporting horses : only in 
 pi.): Liv. 44, 28: actiiaria or actuarium 
 (rare in this absolute use without iiavi<. 
 a swift sailing ».): Caes. Ifim. actu- 
 ariolum {a small swift vessel imprlUd 
 by oars)- Cic. Alt 10, II, }. [N.B.— 
 The following words are used In th>- 
 sense of navis by the poet*: (I.) carina 
 (lit. tlie heel of a s.) : a treaclierous no- 
 tion for S.S, statio male tida carlni>, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 2j: Hor. (2.) puppis, i». 
 /. (lit Uir stem or piop of a s.) : the 
 si'-ijt s.s, p. cltae, Hor. Ep<<i 9. 20. 
 anuniy a thousand barks Uiy s shall be 
 thousandth, inter mille rat<-n lua sil mil- 
 lesimap.,Ov H. i?,97. Virg (3.) rati.* 
 (lit. a raft, float) : tliey haie placed 
 cwved helf on the sj, paiida.^ ratibus 
 posuere carinas, Virg. G. 2, 445 Hor. 
 (4.) plims, Os and i, /. (lit a jnne : 
 hence anything made out of pine vuoil, 
 a S.) : hither the s. Argo has nut reached, 
 non hue Argoo cont<'iidlt p., Hor. Kp. 16, 
 57 : as. driven by the headlf/ng nrrrlh- 
 wind, acta praecipiii p. borea, Ov. H. 2, 
 I3;: Virg.] 
 
 ship {<■'■) ■■ I. "^o P"^ o" board 1. .- 
 no exact equiv.; expr. by circuml.. In 
 uavem or naves Imponere • v. lo f>i- 
 BAKK. II. To receiie a wave on board 
 a s. : nautical term : accipio. } ■ b> s. a 
 dangerous sea, a. ininiicum imbrem, 
 Virg. Aen. i, i2j. 
 
 -builder : naupCgus ( = Gr. 
 
 vavnjjyoi) : Kdicl. Diocl. p. 19: also 
 fabri navales may lie used in the pi. to 
 expr. a body of s. -builders : Inscr. Or 
 by circuml. qui naves facit, aedificat 
 
 -building : 1. ^ '<P''. by cir- 
 cuml. with naves facere, aedllicare: he 
 learnt tlte art of s.-building in his youth. 
 •adolescens aftem aedificaiidi n.l^e^di- 
 dicit : timber for s.-building : perh. 
 •materia ad naves aedifiamdas : pine- 
 wood for s.-building, abics In fabri- 
 Ciindas naves, Liv. (tj.) 2. perh. 
 • arcbltectura naviilis. Place for t.- 
 building: navalia, lum : v. uoc-ktakh, 
 
 AR.-iF.NAL. 
 
 -carpenter : naupfgianus 
 
 Inscr. 
 
 master :) nriviculiirius(bomo): 
 
 owner: j'"" liber.ilUy of the 
 
 s.-mast'-r iras nrll kiioun, audita 11. 
 hominis liberalitas est, Cic. Att. 9. j: 
 our merchants or s.-s, mercalores aut 
 n. iiostri. Id. JIanll. 5, II. 
 
 shipping (subs.) : collective term 
 for a numba- of vessels: perh niivigia, 
 orum: he saw much s. in the harl-ur, 
 •in porlu magnam naviglurum miilti- 
 tudinem vidit : or siimetimes simply 
 naves : v. siiii'. 
 
 shipwreck (subs): |. l.ii.: 
 
 1. iiaiitrugiiini : many have sufleroi 
 S.J, niulli n. leierunt, Cic. Fam lb. 9, 
 init.: to perish ill a s., naufragii- perire, 
 id. Deiot. 9, 25: or naufragio inlerlre. 
 Giles. B. C. }, 27. fin. : al.-o. naufrairio 
 interclpi (to be att off by s), Tac. A. 14. 
 ?. fin. 2. fxpr- by verbal phr. to 
 escape from (dtalh by) >.. fracta enatare 
 navt, Hor. A. I'. 20; so, men>a rale, Jnv. 
 14, ?oi ■ V. TO sim-w RKi-K. II. Fig.: 
 ileslritctiun, nun: 1. naulriipium: 
 the s. of the fortunes of C. /Vnani,.-. C. 
 Deciaiii n. foitunnrani, Cic, lUib. ]>erd 
 9. 25 : so, n. rii taiiiiliaris. Id. h.im. I 9, 
 fin. : itnl'SS these men retire from Iht 
 helm of atTairs, there is every reason to 
 feara'griieial s.. qui ni?i a gubematulis 
 H'cesseVint. maximum ab unlverei> nati- 
 fragio periculum est Cic. Fam. 16. »7, 
 ad metl. 2. rulna; clades (utter 'it- 
 struction, complete doMnfaUy: v. kiin. 
 
 DtiTKlCTION 
 
 shipwreck (''•)•• fhiefiy in }<ats. of 
 rsons : to be t.d, oavem Iraiigo, i ■ Ac 
 
 persons :
 
 SHIPWKECKED 
 
 SHOCK 
 
 SHOE 
 
 uas s.'d on the island of Andros, navem 
 is fregit apud Andrum insulam, Ter. 
 Andr. I, j, 17 ; so Hor. has, omnis res 
 mea fracta est, my foiiunes were s.'d. 
 Sat. 2, i, 18. A Iso, nauf ra?ium facere : 
 V. SHIPWRECK (subs.). See also to 
 
 ■WRECK. 
 
 shipwrecked (part, and adj.): 
 
 1. naufragus: Africa saw Martus 
 an exile and s.. Africa Marium ex- 
 pulsuni et n. vidit, Cic. Pis. iq. 4! : a 
 s. vessel, n. puppis, Ov. H. 2, 16 : a s. 
 woman, mulier n., Tac. A. 14, 11, fin. 
 
 2. ejectus : Virg. Aen. 4, i')i (ejec- 
 tum litore. . . . accepi) : Ov. 
 
 shipwright : naupegus : V. SHIP- 
 BUILDER. 
 
 shire: comitatus, u.? : ▼. COUNTY. 
 
 shirt : 1. stlbucilla (jiny under 
 garment): after that then began to near 
 tivo tunics each, they commenced calling 
 them the s. and, the indusium, postea 
 quam binas tunicas liabere coeperunt, 
 instituerunt vocare s. et indusium, Varr. 
 in Non. 542, 24: if a shabby s. comes 
 next to a tunic of good cloth, etc., si forte 
 8. pexae trita subest tunicae, etc., Hor. 
 Ep. I, I, 95 : cf. Suet. Aug. 8j, init. 
 (quateruis cum piiigui toga tunicis et 
 subucula. . . muniebatur). 2. interula 
 (lit. inward, inner) : App. Flor. M. 8, 
 p. 205 : or with vestis or tunica : id. p. 
 146. 3. camTsia (a linen night-s.) : 
 Isid. Or, 19, 22, 29. 4. sludon, onis, 
 /. ( = Gr. o'li'Suli' ; a kind of linen s., or 
 ■wrapper') : Aus. : v. sheet. P r o v. : 
 near is my s. but nearer is my sicin, 
 tunica pallio propior, PI. Trin. 5, 2, jo: 
 or perh. proximus egomet sum mihi, 
 Ter. Andr. 4, i, 12 (R. and A.). 
 
 shiver (")•■ A. Trans.: To 
 dash or breafc in pieces : 1, com- 
 minuo, i, ututn, } (to break into small 
 pieces) : Cic. Pis. J8, 9J : v. to break in 
 PIECES. 2. confringo, fregi, Iractum, 
 i: to s. pots and cups, aulas calicesque 
 C, PI. Cap. 4, 4, 8 : sivords s.'d by suords, 
 confracti ensibus enses, Lucan 7, 57 j. 
 
 3. elido, J : V. TO DASH in PIECES. 
 
 B. In trans. : |, Lit., to s. 
 or tremble n-ith cold: horreo, 2: not 
 to furnish a tunic to the s.ing slave, 
 horrenti tunicam non reddere servo, 
 Juv. 1,93. and although you yourself 
 will s., quamvis liorrebis et ipse, Ov. 
 A. A. 2, 21 {. II, 'Jo shudder tmth 
 fear, etc. : trSmo, j : contremisco, } : v. 
 
 TO SHUDDER. 
 
 shiver (subs.): |. A small pigct 
 broken off : fragmentum or fragmen, 
 frustum: V. fragment, bit. Phr. : to 
 break anything all to s.s, confringere, 
 comminuere: v to shiver (A.). ||. jl 
 shuddering sensation : horror: a cold s. 
 shakes my limbs, mihi frigidus h. mem- 
 bra quatit, Virg. Aen. i, 29 : / call it a 
 s. II hen the whole body trembles, h. voco, 
 ubi tofum corpus Intremit, Cels. 3, 3, 
 init. : Cic. : v. shxidder. Esp. in expr. 
 colds.s: horror: Cic Att. 12, 6,_/in.: or 
 expr. by frigus et febris : cf. Cic. Cat. i, 
 I J, } I (aestu febrique jactari) : to be 
 attacked tvith cold s.s, frigore tentari, 
 Hor. S. I, I, 80: cf. foil. art. (II.). 
 
 shivering (subs.) : |. The act of 
 breaking or dashing to pieces : expr. 
 by verb : v. to shiver (A.). ||, A 
 trembling or shaking with fear or cold: 
 1, horror: the s. which attends the 
 tertian and quartan fever, h. tertianae 
 et quartanae, Plin. 22, 25, 72, fin. ; 
 Cels. : V. preced. art. 2. frigus, 6ris, 
 n. (v. rare in this sense) : fevers gene- 
 rally begin unth s., febres incipiunt fere 
 ab horrore, Cels. }, }, init. 
 
 shoal (subs.): I. A multitude, in 
 the expression a s. of fisli : 1. exa- 
 men, Inis, n. (orig. a suarm of bees; 
 afterwards, a multitude, or swarm of 
 anything) : s.s of fish, piscium exa- 
 mina, Piin. jl, i, i. 2. ^is: a grea.t 
 s. of fish, * magna vis piscium: v. mul- 
 titude. II, A place where the uater 
 is shallow: 1. vadum (a shallow 
 place in a river or sea) : dangerous by 
 means of treacherous s.s, per occulta 
 V. infestas (insulas), Tac. A. 2, 2?, ^n. .- 
 
 V PORD, SHALLOW, 2. Syttis: V. 
 
 •7^8 
 
 QUICKSAND. 3. brevia, ium : v. shal- 
 lows. 
 
 shoal (i>. intr.) : expr. by phr. (maris) 
 altitudo minuitur, decrescit: v. to de- 
 crease. 
 
 shoaly (adj.) •■ vadOsus : a s. river, 
 amiiis v., Virg. Aen. 7, 728 : the s. Syrtes, 
 Syrtes v., Sail. J. 78, med. : v. shallow. 
 
 shock (subs.) : I. A violent colli- 
 sion of bodies ; a concussion : 1. con- 
 fliclus, us (a dashing violently together ; 
 V. rarely found except in abl.) : by the s. 
 and friction of stones, c. atque tritu 
 lapidum, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, fin. .- by the s. 
 of the clouds (in thunder), nubium con- 
 flictu, id. Div. 2, 19, 44. 2. conflictio 
 (v. rare) : Quint. }, 6, 6. 3. conflic- 
 tatio (only of the s. of hostile armies : 
 V. rare) : the s. of the two armies, duo- 
 rum exercituum c, Gell. 15, 18. 4. 
 concursus, iis, m. (chiefly used of the s. 
 made by the rushing together of tno 
 hostile parties) : the s. of battle, praelii 
 c, Nep. Thras. I : as soon as their arms 
 clashed in the first s., ut primo statim 
 c. increpuere arma. I,iv. i, 25, init: to 
 be shaken by the violence of the tempests 
 and by the s. of calamities, vi tempes- 
 tatum et c. calamitatum labefactari, Cic. 
 Fam. 5, I}, init. 5. impetus, us, m. : 
 when the force of it and the powerful s. 
 hath shivered (the cloud), ubi comminuit 
 vis ejus et i. acer, Lucr. 6, 128. Esp. of 
 the s. of battle : the rush and s. of 
 armed men, incursio alq ue i. armatorum, 
 Cic. Caec. i;, 44: to bear up against 
 such violent s.s of the ivinds, tantos i. 
 ventorum sustinere, Caes. B. G. }, u, 
 med. 6. collisus (extr. rare : to be 
 
 avoided) : Plin. 9, }$. 56. 7. inipul- 
 sus, us, m. (chiefly in ahl.) : not only by 
 the s. of shields and the collision of the 
 b<idies,etc., non solum i. scutorum neque 
 conflictu corporuni, etc., Cic. Caec. ij, 
 4? : that flame is set in motion not by 
 a s.from another body, etc., is ardor non 
 alieno im. movetur, etc., id. N. D. 2, 12, 
 !2. II. A blow; esp. in phr., to give 
 or receive a s. : expr. by verb: 1. 
 labgfacto, i : to give a s. to any one's 
 dignity, alicujus dignitatem 1., Cic. Rab. 
 Post. 16, 44: to give a s. to any one's 
 credit, alicujus fidem 1., h\v.24,2o,fin. ; 
 his mind received a severe s., *mens 
 vehementer labefactata est he received 
 to severe a s., that, etc., *ita vehementer 
 labefactatus est, ut, etc. 2. concutio, 
 ssi, ssum, i (to shake to the very founda- 
 tions) : to give a s. to the republic, 
 c. rempublicani, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109: 
 he gave a severe s. to the Lacaedemon- 
 ian power, opes Lacaedenioniorum con- 
 cussit, Nep. Epam. 6 : the resources of 
 the enemy having received a s., con- 
 cussis hostium viribus. Veil. 2, 121 : the 
 fidelity of the Transrhenani having re- 
 ceived a s., concussa tide Transrhena- 
 norum, Tac. H. 5, 25. |||. Impression 
 or feeling of disgust : perh. offensio, or 
 expr. by offendo, di, sum, j : v. to skock 
 (I. and II.). IV. An electrical s. : 
 perh. • ictus electrlcus. V. Shock of 
 an earthquake : 1. concussio, onis, j'". 
 {used of the shaking produced by an 
 earthquake) : a mighty s. which has 
 buiied two cities, c. vasta, quae dnas 
 suppressit urbes. Sen. Q. N. 6, 2;, fin. 
 
 2. succussio (a quaking of the 
 earth) : it is a s. when the earth is 
 shaken and moved up and dotvn, s. est 
 cum terra quatitur et sursum ac deor- 
 suni movetur. Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, med. 
 
 3. usu. better expr. by verb con- 
 cutio, i : the theatre receiving a severe s. 
 from an earthquake, concusso terrae 
 motu theatro. Suet. Ner. 20. 4. usu. 
 terrae motus may be precise enough : v. 
 earthquake. VI. 'i/^ corn: v. sheaf. 
 
 shock (v.) ■• I. Id active sense, to 
 strike with horror or disgust: 1, 
 offendo, di, sum, i: v. to offend. 2. 
 percutio, ssi, ssum, j : he teas s.'d by a 
 most cruel letter, percnssus est atrocissi- 
 mis litteris, Cic. Fam. 9, 25. 3. per- 
 cello, ciili, ciilsum, j (v. rare) : Tac. 
 
 4. expr. by circuml., horrore, for- 
 midine afficere : v. to HORRiFr. jj. 
 In passive sense, to be s.'d : expr. by 
 
 visu obstiipesco, pui, j (to stand aghast^ ■ 
 or visu rgfiigio, fugi. j : v. to shuink 
 FROM, RECOIL. Sometimes commoveri, 
 permoveri, may serve, being applicable 
 to any strong emotion: the ivho'u. state 
 was greatly s.'d at his death, • magno- 
 pere commota est tola civitas ejus in- 
 teritu, etc. 
 
 shocking (cdj.) : producing a feel- 
 ing of disgust or horror: 1. foedus 
 (foul, offensive : both lit. and fig.) : 
 a s. vound, f. vulnus, Ov. M. 12, j66: 
 abominable and s. places, loca tetra 
 et f.. Sail. C. 52, ad med. : s. tempests, 
 tempestates f., Liv. 25, 7. F i g. : o 
 s. crime, taciiius f., Ter. Eun. 5, 5, i : 
 Cic. 2. taeter or tetcr, tra, trum 
 
 (extremely disagreeable and offensive : 
 both lit. and fig.) : a horrible and s. 
 face, vultus horridus et t.. Suet CaL 
 50 : a very s. winter, teterrima biems, 
 Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 15. Fig. : a 
 very s. war, bellum teterrinium, Cic. 
 Fam. 10, 14, 2 : as. crime, facinus 
 t., id. Off. J, 25, 95. 3. atrox, ocls 
 (abominably cruel) : a thing so abomin- 
 able, so s., and so wicked, cannot be be- 
 lieved, res tam scelesta, tam a., tam ne- 
 faria credi non potest, id. Rose. Am. 22, 
 62 : a s. tempest, a. tempestas, Tac. A. 
 II, }i, extr.: that seemed a s. crime to 
 the senators and people, a. visum id laci- 
 nus pairibus plebique, Liv. I, 26. 4. 
 inhSnestus (that which brings disgrace 
 or shame): nostrils mutilated with as. 
 wound, truncas inhonesto vulnere nares, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 497 : most s. covetousness, 
 iuhonestissima cupiditas, Cic. y. Fr. 1. 1, 
 6. 5. nefarius, nefandus (abomin- 
 ably wicked) : s. cruelty [singularis et] 
 nefaria crudelitas, Caes. B. G. 7, 77 : s. 
 adultery with a most noble woman, ne- 
 fandum adulterium nobilissimae fem- 
 inae, Cic. Mil. 27, 72 : v. wicked, abom- 
 inable, execrable. As exclamation : 
 indignum facinus ! PI. : or, simply, in- 
 dignum: cf. Ov. M. 5, }6 (indignum' 
 scelerato profuit ara) : or expr. by 
 * turpe dictu :./ie, s. .' *phui, turpe dictu ! 
 
 shockingly (oJ"-) •■ 1, taetre(tS- 
 tre) : to do many things s., multa t. 
 facere, Cic. Div. i, 29, 60. 2. foede 
 (revoltingly) : they dejiled the altar s. 
 with the blood of the virgin, virginig 
 aram turparunt sanguine tbede, Lucr. I, 
 86: the rest mangled s. his legs and 
 arms, ceteri crura brachiaque f. lania- 
 vere, Tac. H. i, 41. 3. turplter 
 
 (shamefully, disgracefully) ; v. shame- 
 fully. 4. expr. by adj. foedus (L. G. 
 J 34j) : their wounds gaped open more 
 s., foediores patebant plagae, Liv. 38, 21, 
 med. See also disgracefully, shame- 
 fully. 
 
 shoe (subs.) : 1. calceuB : s.s for 
 men and women, c. viriles et rauliebres, 
 Varr. L. L. 9, 29 : suitable s.s and well- 
 fitted to the foot, c. habiles, et apti ad 
 "pedem.Cic. de Or. i, 54, 2ji: the shoe 
 untidily loose sticks on to the foot, male 
 laxus in pede c. haeret, Hor. S. i, j, J2 : 
 to ask fur your s.s (i. e. to rise from 
 table), calceos poscere, Plin. Ep. 9, 17, 
 fin. : to change one's shoes (i. e. to t>e- 
 come a senator), c. niutare, Cic. Phil, i }, 
 IJ, 28. IHmin. calceolus (a small shoe; 
 rare) : with turned up s.s, cum calceolis 
 repandis, id. N. D. i, t<),fin. 2. cal- 
 ceamentum (collective term for all that 
 covers the foot) : my s.s are the hard 
 skin of the soles of my feet, mihi c. solo- 
 rum callum, Cic. Tusc. 5, J2, 90: to put 
 on s.s, c. induere, Plin. 28, 4, 7. Post.- 
 August. for calceamentum is calceatus, 
 us, m. : which he ivas in the habit of 
 ztsing for s.s. quibus in calceatu ute- 
 batur, id. 8, 57, 82 : he wore clothing and 
 S.S and the rest of his dress, etc., vestitu 
 c.que et celero habitu usus est, etc.. 
 Suet. Calig. 52, init. 3. s61ea (simply 
 a covering for the soUs of the feet ; a 
 slipper) : Hor. : Gell. : see also slipper. 
 Used also of the shoes of horses or other 
 animals : Suet. Ner. jo : Col. 4. soc- 
 cus (a loir-heeled, light s. ; esp. the t. 
 worn by the comic actors) : I uill give 
 you s.s, a tunic,and a cloak, s., tunicam, 
 pallium tibi dabo, PI. Epid. 5, 2, 6c:
 
 SHOE 
 
 SHORT 
 
 SHORTEN 
 
 tonwtimes hr was seen utaring u-omtn's 
 tj. iioniiuiiqMam s. muliebri conspectus 
 est. Suet. Calig. 52. 5. cali«a (a 
 ttrnny and heavy t. vom by the Roman 
 toldiers) : hus.s and chalked gaitrn did 
 not please me, mihi caligae ejus et fasciae 
 oretatae non placehunt, Cic. Au. 2, ?, 1 : 
 a i. far the use of spies, c. speculatorla, 
 Suet. Cali(?. 52. 6. pero, onis, 7?i. (a 
 kind of large s. made of raw hvle, and 
 ucnm chiefly by tite peasants) : a s. made 
 of raw hide covers the other foot, pedem 
 crudiia tegit altera p., Virg. Aen. 7, 690 : 
 to wear in luinter a s. reaching urnie 
 distance up the leg, per glaclem peroiie 
 tfgl, Juv. 14, 185: see also Smith's 
 Antlq. J). 889. 7. cr6plda (a sandal 
 consisting only of a sole without upp-r 
 leather): v. sandal, slii-pkb. 8. 
 
 sandalium (a sandal) : v. sandal. 
 
 shoe ("■) •■ calceo, l : to s. mules, mu- 
 las c.. Suet. Vesp. 2 j : <o tnist oneself 
 (to a s.-maker) to he shod: alicul calce- 
 andos committere pedes, PLaedr. i, 14, 
 16: more fully, succis, cothurnis c, Plin. 
 Shod vith iron, perb. ferratiis : to s. 
 horses, "equos soleis ferreis instruere, 
 arm are. 
 
 black (suhs.) : expr. by calceos 
 
 detergere; calceos purgare ac nitidare: 
 
 V. TO POLISH. 
 
 -brash.' perb. *penlculu3 quo 
 
 calceamentadetergentur (R. and A.). 
 
 -maker ; 1. sutor : Cic. : 
 
 Phaedr. (gen. term). Pro v. : that the 
 s. should stick to his last, s. ne supra cre- 
 pidamjudicaret, Plin. j;, 10, }6. 2. 
 solearlus (a sandal or slipper-maker) : 
 PI. Aul. J, 5, 40. 3, catceator (v. rare 
 and late): Inscr. 4. calce61arius (also 
 V. rare) : PI. Aul. j, 5, j8. 5. sutor 
 crSptdarius (v. rare ; a sole-maker) : he 
 asked for a s.'s k~nife from a s., cre- 
 pidarium cultellum rogavit a crepidario 
 sutore, Gell. ij, 21, fin. Q, sutor ca- 
 ligarius, or simply caligarius (both v. 
 rare and late) : Inscr. : Lampr. A shoe- 
 maker's apprentice: sutrinae tabemae 
 alumnus, Tac. A. 15, ^4 (R. and A.): 
 a shoemaker's shop : labema sutrina, 
 Tac. A. 15, 34; or simply sutrina: a 
 chicken flew into a s.'s shop, puUus in 
 B. devolavit, Plin. 10, 4J, 60: Tert. Pall. 
 5 : t.'s blacking, atramentum siitorium, 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 21, /in..- Plin. 20, 12, 48: a 
 s.'ipunch : fistula sutoria : id. 17, 14, 2J : 
 the trade <f a s., ars sutrina : Plin. 7, 56, 
 57 : or simply siitriua : Vitr. 6, praef._/ira. 
 
 -strings : 1. perb. crepldarum 
 
 obstragula: Plin. 9, 35, 56. 2. babena 
 (a leathern strap): they are tied on 
 u-ith s., babenis vincta sunt, Gcll. ij, 21. 
 
 shoot {subs.) : 1. vlrga (g. terra : 
 any young twig or sprout): v. twig. 
 2. planta (a shoot for planting or 
 grafting): Cic. de Sen. 15, 52 (malleoli, 
 plantae, sarmenta, viviradices, propa- 
 gines) : Varr. 3. surculus (a slip 
 
 for setting or grafting) : Col. R. R. 6, 
 15: Plin. Also used fig.: Cic. de Or. 
 i, 28, no (ex jure civill surculo de- 
 friugendo). 4. talea {a cut l in g for 
 planting): cut olive-ss of about the 
 length of three feet, t. oleagineas tripo- 
 daneas decidito, Cato R. li. 45: Col. 
 Dimin., t.ileola (v. rare) : Col. 5. 
 
 KtSlo, onis, TO. (a useless sucker) : no s. 
 could be found on his farm, nullus in 
 ejus fundo reperiri poierat s., Varr. R. R. 
 I, 2; Plin. 6. flagellimi (a young 
 branch, a nn« sapling) : Virg. G. 2, 299 : 
 VajT. 7i propago (a "faver"): Cic: 
 Virg.: V. LAYER, (in this sense o in 
 Virg.) 8, puUus (the young of any- 
 thing : of plants, a sprout, young twig) : 
 Cato U. R. 51 : v. spiiout. Dimin., 
 puUiJlusr Plin. 17. 10, 12: V. speodt. 
 9, s6b61es (subOles) r to plant an 
 elm from s.s, ulmum serere ex subolibus, 
 Col. 5, 6. Plin. 
 
 shoot ('■•)•■ A. Trans. ; |. To 
 let fly and drive vith force : (tela) 
 mittere, emiltere, immittere (_at some 
 one), conjicere (ofanu7nber of persons 
 shooting missiles at once): v. to Drjs- 
 CHargk aV.). II. To wound or kill 
 by shooting : (telo) ferlre, vulnerare, de- 
 {ioere (to briny down, as in the case of 
 
 shooting a bird flying): y. to stbikr, 
 wocTND. B. Intrans. : |. 'Jo lire 
 a shot : V. preced. art. (I.). ||. Of any 
 rapid motion ; esp. In phr. to shoot oct'jss 
 (the sky, etc.), along : expr. by volare 
 (tranBvolare),currere(transcurrere), labi ; 
 V. to flt (over, across) ; glide. (Comp. 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 695, lapsa per umbras slella 
 .... multa cum luce cucurrit) |||. Of 
 pain, to dart and piick : vermino, ver- 
 minor, i : Sen. V. B. 17 (with ref. to 
 gout). So, verminosus (troubled with 
 shooting or itching pain) : Plin. 
 shooting-star : fax (coelestis) : V. 
 
 METEciB. 
 
 shop (s"*)*.) •■ 1. tabema: a book- 
 seller's s., t. librarla, Cic. Phil. 2, 9, 21 
 (also simply, librarla, Gell. 5, 4) : a nine 
 s., 1.. vinaria, Varr. L. L. 8, ?o. 117 : a 
 shoenuiker's s., t. sutrina, Tac. A. i;, 54 
 (or simply, sutrina, Plin.) : to keep a s., 
 tabernam exercere. Suet. Aug. 4 : to 
 shut up s., claudere t., Hor. S. i, j, i;2. 
 Dimin., tiberniila (a little shop, 1. e. the 
 shop of a petty tradesman) : to Inreak open 
 ami rob the s.s, tabpmulas etlringere et 
 expilare. Suet. Ner. 26, init.: Ulp. Kg. 
 5i I. 19- 2. ofTicina (a workshop): 
 a s. in whicli garments are made for 
 sale, o. promercalium vestium. Suet. 
 Gramm. 2J, fln.: v. also workshop. 
 Among special kinds of shops may he 
 mentioned, tonstrina, a barber's s. ; 
 laniena, less freq. laniarium, a butcher's 
 s. ; popina, a cook-s. or eating-house ; 
 thermopolium, a s. for hot drinks: v. 
 babbek, butcher, etc. 
 
 --keeper: 1. tabemarius(only 
 
 found in pi.) : artisans and shop-keepers, 
 opifices et tabernarii, Cic. Fl. 8, 18. 2. 
 expr. by circumL with v., to be a shop^ 
 keeper, tabernam exercere. Suet, Aug. 4. 
 
 shore (subs.): 1. utus (littus), 
 oris, n. (gen. term) : to make for the s., 
 1. petere, Ov. M. 2, 844 : to sail along 
 the s., 1. praetervehi, Caes. (Kr.): to hug 
 (i. e. sail along) the s. as closely as p^js- 
 sible, quam poterant proxime I. tenere, 
 Liv. 44, 12, fln. : so, 1. premere, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 10, } : the S.S (flake Trasimenus, 
 Trasimeni litora, Sil. 15, 818. 2. "ra 
 (that part of a country \vhich borders 
 upon the sea) : from the s. of Greece to 
 Aegypt, ab o. Graeciae u.sfjue ad Aegyp- 
 lum, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, init.: the Greek 
 cities upon the Asiatic s., urbes Graecae 
 in o. Asiae, Nep. Ale. 5 : coasting along 
 the s. of Italy he arrived at Ariminium, 
 o. Italiae legens, Ariminium pervenit, 
 Liv. 21, 51. 3. acta ( := Gr. (ixTTJ ; 
 the beach or strand: where the waves 
 break : rather rare) : lie was lying 
 drunk on the s., in a. jucebat ebrius, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 25, 6j. See also beach. 
 
 shore up : (sublicis) fulcire, sufful- 
 cire : V. T( I i-kop. 
 
 shoreless (adj.): a. Lit: sine 
 litore : Phr.: the sea was s. too, deerant 
 quoque litora ponto, Or. B. t'lg. : 
 V. boundless; vast. 
 
 short (a<<j.) : .\ot long, not of great 
 extent or duration : 1_ brgvis, e 
 (most Ufu. term) : thert were tno vuys, 
 the shorter of which, etc., duae erant 
 viae, quarum brevior. etc., Nep. Kum. 
 8 : the judge was h imself (of) shorter 
 (stature) than Vie witness, judex ipse 
 brevior quam testis erat, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 60, 245 : a shorter day, dies brevior, 
 PI. Am. I, J, 51 : a s. story, b. narratio, 
 Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28: in gram.: of the 
 quantity of syllables : a long syllable 
 coming next to a s. one is called an 
 iambus, syllaba longa brevi subjecla 
 vocatur iambus, Hor. A. P. 251 : Cic. 
 Comp. : perbrevis ( very short) : in a 
 very s. time, p. tempore. Cic. Verr. ?, 9, 
 22. In tmesi : altera pars per mihi bre- 
 vis videtur, id. Cluent. i, 2. Dimin. ; 
 brgviciilus (shortish: rare): a s. m/in, 
 b. homo, PI. Merc, j, 4, 54- Apul. 2. 
 exigims (denoting insufficiency, scanti- 
 ness of time) : s. time, tempus e., Cic. de 
 Or. I, 20, 92- a s. part of summer, e. 
 pars aestatis, Caes. B. G. 4, 20, init. 
 3. compendiarius (of a way, a short 
 cut) : the nearest road, and as if it were 
 a s. cut to glory, via ad gluriam proxima 
 
 et quasi c, Cic. Oft 2, 11,4?. AUo at 
 tubs., compendiari? (a short way): Petr. 
 S. 2, 9: and (Kill., conip«-iidiarla andcon^ 
 pendiario (by a short cut) : I vUl bring 
 yiiu by a t. way to very great vealth, 
 ad maximas te divitias compendiarla 
 ducam. Sen. Kp. 119, i : rf. ib. 7?, n 
 (teincoelumcompendiariovoo.). Phr.: 
 the s. cuts of the mountain, niuntis com- 
 pendia, Ov. M. }, 254: to go by t. cuts, 
 compendils Ire, Tac. A. I2, 28 : to run 
 s., ad angustias decidere. Suet. CI. 9 (v. 
 STRAITS) : lo cut t. (i. e. to abridge). In 
 angustuni cogere, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, i: 
 of. Cic. Rab. perd. 2, 6, In semlborM 
 curriculum cogere (to cut short in the 
 way of time) : to fall s. of non per- 
 venlre ad. . ., non coiitingere (v. to fall 
 SHORT ; al.so, to reach) : in s. (= tobe 
 brief, to sum up), denique (v. Smith's 
 I.,at. Diet. s. V. .No. IH.). 
 
 short-hand (v. rare) : nOtae, arum 
 (short-hand charaetrrs) : s.-hand, by 
 means of uhich the hand kteps up \oitk 
 the speed of the tongue, p., qulbu> celer- 
 Itatem linguae manus sequiiur. Sen. Ep. 
 90, 26 : to take down in s.-hand very 
 rapi/ily. notis excipere velocissime, Suet. 
 Tit. } : Paul. Dig. J7, i, 6. 
 
 -hand writer: 1. nOtarius: 
 
 / caU mil s.-hand nriter, and dictate 
 vjhat I have composed, n. toco et qoao 
 formaveram dicto, Plin. Ep. 9, j6, init. : 
 (speeches) corrupted by the carelessness 
 of the s.-liand writers who took them 
 down, negUgentia excipientium nota- 
 riorum corruptae. Quint. 7, 2, 24. 2. 
 actuariua (one who took notes of speeches 
 delivered in court) : Suet. Caes. 55 : 
 
 V. SCRIBE. 
 
 lived : 1. brSvls : s.-lived it 
 
 this enjoyment, b. hlc est fructus, Lucr. 
 }, 927 : the s.-lived affections of the 
 Roman people, b. populi Roman! amoreg, 
 Tac. A. 2,41 : their s.-livedlord,iiom\n\ixa 
 b., Hor. Od. 2, 14, 24 (poet, constr.). 
 
 2. fugitivus (fleeting : v. rare in 
 this sense) : s.-lived joys, gaudinm f.. 
 Mart. 7, 47. 3. fluxus (fleeting, tran- 
 sient) : the glory of riches and l)eauty 
 is s.-lived, divitlarum et formae gloria 
 fluxa est. Sail. C. i : a s.-lived and use- 
 less trust, f. et vana fides, Liv. 28, 6. 
 
 4. expr. by circmnl., that delight 
 is s.-livtd, delectatio ilia est ad breve et 
 exiguum tempus, Cia See also tkak- 
 
 SIENT. 
 
 -sighted : I. -Vo< able to tte 
 
 far : 1. myops, opis ( = Gr. fivwil/ : 
 rare and late): Ulp. Dig. 21. I, 10. 2. 
 luscltiosus, lusciosus (dim-sighted; tee- 
 ing bett in the dark: rare): PI.; I'lln. 
 3. e.\pr. bycircuml. : I am s.-sighted, 
 *quae in proximo sunt parum mihi 
 cemunt oculi : visus (mihi) m proximo 
 deficit, Sen. (Quich.). ||, .Vo( able to 
 look far into futurity : impr5v(dus : 
 s -sighted souls, i. pectora, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 200 : Cic. Also caecus may sometimes 
 serve : cf. Lucr. 2, 14, miseras ho- 
 minum mentes, pectora caeca, short- 
 sighted souls .' 
 
 — r-sightedness("'60- I. '-"t.- 
 
 *myopia(Gr. fivcujrta): M.L. ||, Fig., 
 expr. by circuml, *consllla parum pro- 
 vida: cf. preced. art. (II.). 
 
 — -winded : 1. anbeius : s. old 
 
 »n«n, senis a., Virg. G. 2, i}$- Sil. 15 
 721 (Kmgi laboris anheli). 2. iinhf- 
 lator (panting, asthmatical) : Plin. 22 
 2 J. 49. Or by circuml. qui spiritus 
 angustiis laborat, cf. Cic de Or. }, 46, 
 181. 
 
 -coming (subs.) .• j. a fail- 
 
 ing of the usual proiiuce. as oj a crop: 
 angustiae, inopia : v. soABtrrv. ||. 
 A failure of full p-rjormance, ns of 
 duty : delictum, negligentla : v fault, 
 NEGLECT. Usu. better txpr. by verb. 
 my S.S., quae a me praft<'rmlssa «. ne- 
 glecta sunt : v. to oimt, Nhu;LKCT. 
 
 shorten (i)- A. Trana.: 1. 
 contrahi', xi, ctum. i and now mid-day 
 had s.'d the shadows of things, jamque 
 dies medlus rerum comraxerat umbras, 
 Ov. M. ?, 144: to s. the times for speak- 
 ing, tempora dict-ndl c, yiiint. 6. 5, 4. 
 2. cuarcto (coarto), i (to limit) : U> 
 nt9
 
 SHORTLY 
 
 SHOUL,r>ER-BL,ADE 
 
 S H O U T 1 ^ G 
 
 S. the time for celebrating the nuptials, 
 teinpus sponsas habendi c, Suet. Aug. 
 54; to s. the consulships of tite others, 
 tonsulatus aliorum c, Tac. H. 2, 71. 
 3. more freq. expr. by circiinii.: 
 ;i('inter) s.s the days, *dies breviores 
 fecit s. reddit: to s. the time of speak- 
 ing, *dicendi tempus augustius reddere : 
 V. SHORT. P h r. ; to s. syllables, sj'Uaba 
 Corripere, Quint, i, 5, 18. See also to 
 
 ABRIDGE, CONTRACT, UIMINISH. B. I n- 
 
 1 1- a 118.; expr. by pass. rejl. of verbs 
 nnder (A); or act. with pron. refl. : 
 the. days s. gradimll>i, * sensim dies bre- 
 viores fiunt, redduntur: human life has 
 t.'d, •hominuni vitae spatium in angus- 
 tlns coactum est. 
 
 shortly (adv.) .- |. Quickly, in a 
 UttU time : 1, brevi tfinpdre, or, 
 eimply bi Evi : that they themselves 
 Mould s. decide about the march, de 
 jtinere ipsos b. tempore judicatures, 
 Caes. B. G. I, 40 ; Cic. Kam. 12, 2, fin. : 
 Lucr. 2, 77 (inque brevi spatio) : lie was 
 taken ill, and s. afterwards he died, ille 
 affectus, brevi postea est niortuus, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, ^4. fin. 2. mox : he bade me 
 tell ymi that he vmdd come s., jussit mibi 
 nuntiari, m. se venturum, id. Att. 10, 4, j : 
 / wUl s. return hitner, m. ego revertar, 
 Ter. Andr. }, 2, 5. 3. prSpediem (at 
 an early date) : I iirill see you s., p. te 
 videbo, Cic. Div. i, 2J, 47 . others will s. 
 fasten you yourself to the cross, te cruci 
 ipsum p. alii afligant, PI. Pers. 2, 4, 24. 
 II. In a few uo)\ls, iriefiy : 1. 
 breviter: s. to compress much mailer 
 in a few xcmds, br. paucis comprendere 
 multa, Lucr. 6, 1082: to nrite concisely 
 and s., summatim b.que describere, Cic. 
 Or. 15, fin. 2. brevi (abl. of adj. 
 brevis used as adv.) : I will go through 
 that s., id percurrani b.. Cic. Caec. J2, 94 : 
 to explain a thing s., aliquid b. e.\plicare, 
 id. Plane. 40, 9; : to reply to a letter s., 
 litteris b. respotidere, id. Fam. j, 8, init. 
 3. presse (concisely) : to define any- 
 thing s. and closely, aliquid p. et anguste 
 definire, id. Or. ;}, 117 : to wi-ite s., p. 
 scribere, Plin. Ep. j, li, fin. Join: 
 presse et anguste : presse et astricte. 
 
 shortness (subs.)-. 1. brevitas 
 (gen. term) . our s. (of stature) is a 
 toune of contempt to the nun of Gaul, 
 Gallis hominibus b. nostra conlemptui 
 est, Caes. B. G. 2, jo: / ivas compelled 
 to write so little by the s. of Hie time, 
 brevitate temporls tarn pauca cogerer 
 scribere, Cic. Att. i, 10, i 2. exig- 
 uitas (scantiness) : such was the s. of 
 the time, temporis tanta fuit e., Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 21. 3. angustiae, arum (in 
 quantity and time) : s. if breath, a. 
 splritns, Cic. de Or. j, 46, 181 : the s. of 
 time, a. temporis, ib. j. 61, 228 : the s. of 
 the. supply of corn, rei frumentariae a., 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 17. 
 
 shot (subs.) : I. The act of shoot- 
 ing : ictus, lis (gen. term) : to strike 
 what is aimed at with unerring s., 
 ictu certo destinata feiire, Cuit. 5, 41 : 
 they say that their s.s never miss, i. de- 
 erraturos negant, Plin. 28, 8, 27 : v. 
 STHOKK. II, Tiiat which is discharged, 
 a bullet : 1, glans, glandis, /. (orig. 
 an acorn-shaped ball of lead or clay): 
 V. BULLET. 2. missile teluni, and 
 simply missile-, v. missile. |||. The 
 reach of a missile ; esp. in phr. within 
 or out of s. : 1, jactus, lis : within s., 
 intra teli j., Virg. Aen. 11, 608 : to 
 eome within s., ad teli j. venire, Curt. : 
 so, out of s., * extra teli j. 2. ictus, 
 lis. m. : to 6e out of s., extra teli ictum 
 esse, Liv. J4, 28 : <■> come within s., sub 
 i. venire, id. 27, 18. |V. -^ marks- 
 man ; as an excellent s. : expr. by 
 circuml. : he was such an unerring 
 s. that..., adeo certo ictu destinata 
 feriebat nt — , Curt. 5, 41: he was a 
 good «., *missilibus certo ictu utebatur. 
 V. -4 reckoning; proportional share 
 of the expenses at a tavern : 1. col- 
 lecta: to demand the s. from a boon 
 companion, c. a conviva exigere, (^ic. de 
 Or. 2. 57, 2}?. 2. symljola (= Gr. 
 irutk^oXri ; a contribution of money to a 
 featt) : the contributors of the «., eym- 
 740 
 
 bolarum coUatores, PL (Jure. 4, I, ij: 
 Ter. . to pay one's shot, ex s. conferre, 
 Macr. Without paying one's s. (i. e. scot- 
 free), asymbolus: Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 25. 
 
 shooid : I. -^s auxiliari/ verb in 
 the coiiditional : expr. by subj. tlie pres. 
 and pert', tenses of which are used of an 
 hypothesis which is conceived as pos- 
 sible: if I s. deny, si negem ; if I s. be 
 disposed, si velim ; if you s. be aware, si 
 scieris, etc., L, G. } 426 : and the impeif. 
 and pluperf. of an hypothesis contrary 
 to fact and therefore not conceived as 
 now possible : / s. not say so did I not 
 believe it, non ita dicerem nisi mibi per- 
 suasum esset : / s. not have said so un- 
 less , non ita dixissem nisi etc., 
 
 L. G. 5 427. II. As a softened form 
 to avoid too positive a statement: use 
 pres. or per f. subj. : I s. think, censeani ; 
 J should be inclined to believe, credi- 
 derim, ete. : L. G. $ 4^0. |||. As sign 
 of iuture after past tenses ; where in a 
 direct statement the future indie, would 
 be found: e. g. he said he s. sail to 
 morrow (direct statement, / sliali sail 
 lo-nun-row), dixit se eras navigaturum : 
 what do you suppose I should hare done f 
 quid me facturum fuisse arbitraris? 
 L. G. 5507. IV. As denoting obliga- 
 tion ; 1, expr. by/wt f»«/)era<. : this 
 
 you s. do this you s. shtin, hoc facito, 
 
 hoc fugito, Ter. Ad. i, 5, 6j: you s. be- 
 ware of such, hunc tu caveio, Hor. i, 4, 
 85 : all commands s. be just, iniperia 
 justa sunto. Lex in Cic. Leg. j, ;, init. 
 2, expr. by gerundive ; used per- 
 sonally in the case of trans, verbs and 
 impersonally in the case of other verbs, 
 pass. : L. G. }} 555, 5i(>. 
 
 shoulder (subs.) .- 1, humerus 
 
 (of a man ; rarely used of a quadruped) : 
 the arrows hung from his s., sagittae 
 pendebant ab humero, Cic. Verr. 4, J4, 
 74: that their arm,s and s.s might l>e 
 free to wield their weapons, ut brachia 
 atque h. ad sustinendaarma liberi essent, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 56 : broad in the s.s, latus 
 ab bumeris. Suet. Tib. 68 : the strength 
 and breadth of their s.s (of oxen) were 
 made for dragging ploughs, vires hu- 
 merorum et latitudines natae sunt ad 
 araira trahenda, Cic. N. D. 2, 6^, 159. 
 Fig.: to bear up the state on one's s.s, 
 Tfva publicam bumeris sustinere, id. 
 Flacc J7, 94. 2. annus (gen. of an 
 animal ; v. rarely used of a man) : cf. 
 Ov. M. 10, 700, ex humeris [hominis] 
 armi [leonis] hunt (of a man metamor- 
 phosed into a lion) : Plin. : rarely of a 
 human s., Virg. Aen. 11, 64;. Phr.: 
 to put any one out of doors by the s.s, 
 aliqueni capite proirudere toras, Phaedr. 
 5, 7, extr. : I have taken up a weight too 
 heavy for my s.s, * plus oneris quam pro 
 viribus meis sustuli. 
 
 shoulder (v.) : |. To push with 
 the S.S, expr. by circuml. (1.) with hu- 
 merus: they s. each other, humeris con- 
 nlxi inter se tnidunt, cf. Virg. Aen. ;, 
 264 : cf. also Hor. Od. 2, 1 j, j6, den.sum 
 humeris vulgus (the s.ing cromd). (2.) 
 with umbo, onis, m. (the elbow put out 
 as a kind of s.) : he leaped into the ship 
 s.ing those who opposed him out of his 
 way, transiluit in navem, umbone obvios 
 agens. Suet. Caes. 68, extr. : fall in with 
 a crowd, he will s. a waii for you, in 
 turbam incideris, cuneos umbone re- 
 pellet. Mart. ?, 46, 5. II, To take upon 
 the s. : expr. by circuml. : * in humeros 
 toUere. 
 
 -belt ; * balteus qui per hu- 
 
 meruni it : v. belt. 
 
 — -hlade (subs.) -. 1, scapulae, 
 arum : fnmi the neck two Irroad bmifs 
 reach on both sides to the s.-blades, a cer- 
 vioe duo lata ossa utrinque ad s. tendunt, 
 Cels. 8, 1, med. : a pain in the side, or 
 between the s.-blades, or in the throat, 
 lateris dolor, aut inter s., aut in tborace, 
 Plin. 21, 21, 89: Ov. 2. sciilula 
 
 operta (lit. covered shields : appy. a 
 popular term for scapulae) : toe call them 
 s.-blades, the Greeks (i^oTrAara?, 
 nostri scutula operta, ciAioirAaras Graeci 
 nominant, Cels. 8, I, med. 3. palae, 
 arum (rare in this sense) ; Coel. Aur. 
 
 shoulder-knot : ^- epaulet, 
 
 shout (subs.) : 1, clamor (most 
 usual wrird) : to raise a louds., c. mag- 
 num toUere, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1 : Phaedr. . to 
 raise a s. to hearen, c. in coelum toUere, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 745: or, ad aethera, ib. 2, 
 ijS. also, c. edere, Cic. Div. 2, 2J, 50: 
 and strengthened, c. profundere, id. 
 Klacc. 6, fin. : clamores usu. denotes 
 shouts of applause, as in Cic. Am. 7, 24 ; 
 but is also used to denote shouts of dis- 
 approbation, loud outcry : e. g. they 
 assail Fufius tcith s.s and abuse, Fufium 
 c. et conviclis consectaniur, Cic. Alt. 2, 
 1 8, init. Phr.: s.s of joy, clamor et 
 gaudium, Tac. H. 2, 70 : or, clamor lae- 
 tus, Virg. Aen. j, 524. 2. convicium 
 (noisy s.ing ami din) : v. uproar. 
 Join: clamor et convicium; clamor 
 conviciutnque ; clamoratque convicium. 
 3. vox, vocis, /. (a cry) : v. ckt, 
 exclamation. 4. acclamatio : v. 
 
 SHOUTING. 5. conclamatio (the s.ing 
 of a number of persons all together): 
 the s.s of the whole army, c. universi 
 exercitus, Caes. B.C. 2, 26: v. acclama- 
 tion. 6. fremitus, lis, to. (a loud mur- 
 muring sound made by the sirnuUaneous 
 s.ing of a great multitude) : the whole 
 grove resounds with the ss and applause 
 of the men, plausu, f. virum tonsonat 
 omne nemus, Virg. Aen. 5, 148 : see 
 also roar. 
 
 shout (^■) •• 1. clamo, l : the popu- 
 la>:e fiock around, they make a hubbub, 
 they s., and figlit for places, populus 
 convolai, tumultuantur, c, pugnant de 
 loco, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. j? : good at 
 s.ing, in clamando bene robustus, Cic. 
 Div. Verr. 1 5, 48. Comp. : (1.) acclamo, 
 
 1 (in Cic. in hostile sense; with dat.): 
 to s. against any one, allcui a., id. Brut. 
 1;, 256 : v. TO CRY OUT against. In the 
 historians, to s. applause : the people and 
 the army s.'d (applause), populus et miles 
 acclamavit, Tac. H. i, 78: cf. Liv. J4, 
 $o,fin. : see also to applal'd. (2.) con- 
 clamo, 1 (to s. together . of a multitude ; 
 esp. in approbation or assent) ; they aZl 
 s. in a body that the (pportunity ought 
 not to be lost. c. omnes occasionem 
 amittendam non esse, Caes. B. G. ?, 18: 
 you all of you s.'d together with one mind 
 and voice, etc., vos universi, una ment* 
 atque voce conclaniastis, Cic. Phil. 6, I, 
 
 2 : to s. a joyl'ul paean, c. paeans 
 laetum, Virg, Aen. 10, 7J8. (3.) suc- 
 clamo, I (to s. out in reply to) : the mul- 
 titude s.'d out in reply to Virginius, Vir- 
 ginio sucolamabat multitudo, Liv. j, 50. 
 Frequent. : clamito, i (to s. or bawl out 
 
 frequently) : s.ing " to arms, citizens," 
 "ad anna, cives," claniitans, id. 9, 24: 
 constantly s.ing that he I'os a free man 
 belonging to a free state, saepe clami- 
 tans, "liberum se lilierae civitaiis esse," 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 7. 2. vociteror, 1 (to 
 call out or exclaim) : they s. out that 
 they will come, vociferantur se ituros, 
 Liv. 2, 65 . some s. out that he is an 
 iiuendiary and gormandizer, alii in- 
 cendiarium et patinariuni v., Suet. Vit. 
 17: v. to bawl. 3. strepo, ui, j (to 
 raise a din, s. noisily) : as tliey s.'d out 
 these things, b.iec quum streperent, Liv. 
 2, 45 ^a rare use). Comp circumstrepo, 
 i (to s. clumourously round) : some s.'d 
 more fiercely, quidam atrociora circum- 
 strepebant, Tac. A. j, ib. 4. expr. by 
 clamor with a verb: who is s.ing there' 
 qui istic c. toUis? PI. Cure. 2, 2, 27: he 
 s.'dloudlywith astonishment,c. niajorem 
 cum admiratione edidit, Cic. Div. 2, 2J, 
 50: by s.ing, prolundendo clamore. id. 
 Flacc. 6, 1 5. 5. or by vox wi th a verb : 
 when he had s.'d this loudly, hoc quum 
 magna voce edidisset, Caes. B. G. 4, 25. 
 shouting (*'«''*'•): 1. clamor, clii- 
 mores : pass. : v. shout (subs.). 2. 
 acilamatio (in Cic. witii the idea of hos- 
 tility or disapprobation): he U'os hin- 
 dered not onl'i with s., but even ivith 
 reviling, non modo a., sed etiam con- 
 vicio impediebatur, cf. Cic. y. Fr. 2, j, 
 init. Later, as used ol the people, 
 always a shout of approbation : the *. 
 of the multitude, a. multiiudinis, Liv. 
 ji, 15: Suet, Caes. 79, init.
 
 SHOVE 
 
 sn o w 
 
 SHREWD 
 
 shove (»•) : 1. trudo, si, sum, } : 
 to s. a sluggard into a battle, inerUm 
 in proelia t.. Hor. Kp. i, 5, 17: to be 
 dragged ami s.d, trahi et trudi, PI. 
 
 Capl. }, 5, 92 : V. TO PUSH, THlifST. 2. 
 
 pulso, I (implying a shock given with 
 tome rinlence) : v. to push, thi'.dst. 
 
 shove (subs.): expr. by verb: v. 
 precfni. art. 
 
 shovel (subs.) : 1. pala (gen. term ; 
 esp. a shovel for putting brea/l into an 
 ovrn): speakinK of 'he requisites for a 
 farmer. Cato mentions six shovels, sex 
 palae, R. H. ii, fin. .- also a winnoiring 
 »Ao^^e(.• Tert. 2. batillum (usii.biitnoi 
 always Ttuule of nood) : Varro mcntiung 
 batilium linneum cum serrnla ferna 
 messis cau.sa, Ii. R. i, 50, nwd.: it nas 
 a tool a little luAlmved out to catcli the 
 ears of corn ; also used for collecting 
 manure: ef. id. j, 6, fin. 3. perh. 
 nitrum (^or raking out) : Cato R. R. 10 : 
 Liv. 4. riitabulum (fire-shovel, oven- 
 raJce): Cato R. R. 10: Suet. Aug. 75. 
 P h r. : to measure out mimey vritli a s., 
 medio nuraos metiri (said of a rich man), 
 Petr. ?, ■). 
 
 shovel (v.) : expr. by pala, bStillo, 
 rutro, etc. ; tollere, ejicere, etc. When 
 speaking familiarly the subs, may be 
 omitted, as, s. out those coals, *ejice jllos 
 carbones. 
 
 show O'): I. To point out, to 
 exhibit ■ monstro, i : to s. any one the 
 way, viam alicui m., Enn. in Cic. Div. 
 1. 58, I ! 2 ; iter m.. Curt. 5, i ? : they s. the 
 streams which they have discovered, in- 
 ventaque flumina monstrant, Vlrg. Aen. 
 6, 8. Connp. (1) demonstro, i : to s. any- 
 thing by nodding the head or by point- 
 ing, aliquid nutu vel manu d., Quint. I, 
 5, ?6: to s. the roads carefully, itinera 
 cum cura d., Liv. 2}, }j. (2) com- 
 monstro, i (strengthened from simple 
 verb): to .<!. am/ one the way, alicui 
 viam c, Cic. de Or. i, 46, fm. : if I s. 
 you that man vhom you are looking for, 
 si istunc horainem, quern tu quaeritas 
 tibi commonstrasso, PI. Epid. i, 4, 5 : 
 see also to point-oct. ||. To exhibit, 
 display ; esp. with pron. refl,. in such 
 sentences as, he. showed hinCself a man 
 of able statesmanship : 1, praebeo, 2 
 (with pron. refl.) : he s.'d himself vx» thy 
 of his ancestors, se dignum suis ma- 
 Joribus praebuit, Cic. Fam. 2, 18, fin. : 
 V. to prove (HI.). 2. praesto, "stiti, 
 Etitum and .statum, i ; fut. part, prae- 
 Btaturus (with pron. refi) : to s. oneself 
 invincible, invictum se praestare, Ov. Tr. 
 4, 10, 104: also with adv, te praesta 
 constanter ad omne indeclinatae munus 
 amicitiae, Ov. Tr. 4, 5, 2}. 3. e.xhibeo, 
 2 (same constr.): hoiv shall f s. myself 
 to our petipk f quid me putas populo 
 nostro e.\hibiturum.> Cic. Acad. 1, ;, 18: 
 to s. oneself a real statesman, vere ci- 
 vilem virura e.. Quint. 12, 2, 7; to s. 
 munificence, munificentiani e.. Suet. Tib. 
 48, init. 4. may sometimes be expr. 
 by est with gen. : it does not s. gravity 
 and wisdom, etc., non est gravitatis atqui- 
 eapientiae, etc., Cic. Fam. 5, 16. |||, 
 To iKstoiv, confer, manifest : in such a 
 eentenre. as, to show respect ; 1, tri- 
 bno, ui, utum. } : to s. mercy to a very 
 hrare man, misericordiam fortissimo 
 viro t., id. Mil. J4. 92 : to s. (i. e. to 
 cmifer) honour, honorein t., id. de Or. 2, 
 II. 44: to s. good tvUl equal to like 
 favours, parem voluntatem p:iribus 
 beneficiis t., Caes. B. 0. I, }?. 2. ex- 
 hlbeo. ui, itum, 2; to s. respect, e. reve- 
 rentiam, Ulp. 3. navo, i (by exerting 
 (yneself) -. how I unshed that you could 
 haw shotim your zeal for Brutus, quam 
 vellem Bruto studium tuum n. [w- 
 tui.sses, Cic. Att. i;, 4. fin.: to s. 
 good ii-ill, n. henevclentiam. id. Fam. 
 }, 10. 4. protio, I (v. rare in this 
 sense): to s. vaUmr, p. virtutem, Caes. 
 B. G. 5. 44. ly. T/ prove- \, 
 pr61>o, I (to make good, substantiate) : he 
 plainli/ s.'d me that he was a man of 
 right sentiments, is plane mihi probabat 
 se bene sentire, Cic. Att. 14, 20. j : v. 
 to PROVE (II.). 2. monstro, i (to state, 
 »how, either with or without argument) : 
 
 Homer has shou-n in v-hiit metre on 
 epic pof-m can be vrittm, res gesiae 
 quo scribi possent numero, muiistravji 
 Homerus. Hor. A. P, 75 : JCrasistratHS 
 SJ that little, pebbles are forceA, etc., 
 Erasistrat'is calculos pelli m., etc., Plln. 
 22, 22, 44. Comp. : dc-monstro, i (much 
 commoner than the simple v.) : .'^opatei- 
 s.s the avariie and threats of that 
 s'oundrel, Sopater istius cupidilatem 
 rainasque d., Cic. Verr. 4, ^9, fin. : v. 
 TO point out 3, dOceo, 2 (to slioiv or 
 inform in any tvay) : to s. that there 
 is one hope oj safety, unam esse spem 
 salutis d., Caes. B. G. ;, ; : to s. that 
 there is no art in vit, nuUani e.«se artem 
 salis d., Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 216: if I s. 
 (that it was not done) by Avitus, I 
 prove conclusively that it was by np- 
 pianictts, si doceo non ab Avito, vinco 
 ab Oppianico, Id. Cluent. 2j, 64. 4. 
 eff icio, feci, fectum, j (to make out by 
 argument): v. to prove (II.). 5. 
 vinco, vici, victnm, { (stroncer than any 
 of the preceding; to prove beyond ail 
 possibility of doubt) : s. then that (ip- 
 piamcus teas a goml man, vince dcinde 
 bonum virum fulsse Oppianlcum, id. 
 Cluent. 44, 124: V. to prove (II.). 
 6. flrmo, I (to show so clearly as to 
 conmnce anoUier) : to s. one's fidelity, 
 fidem f, Ter. Andr. }, i, 4. Comp. : 
 confirmo, l (to make out surely and 
 certainly): v. topkovf. (II.). Miscell. 
 Phr. : " Let us s. ourselves glad in Him 
 mth Fsalm.'!," in psiilmis jubllemus ei, 
 Liturg. Angl. Ps. xcv. 2: "the heavens 
 declare tht glory of Cod, and thefirma- 
 nunt shmveth His liandy-nork," caeli 
 enarrant gloriam Dei, et opera manunm 
 ijus annuncial firmamentum, ib. Ps. 
 xi.\. I : to s. one's tongue, linguam ex- 
 screre (in token of derision or con- 
 tempt), Liv. 7. 10 : in medical sense, perh. 
 * linguam exhibere : to s. one's teeth (in 
 anger), denies nudare, Lucr. 5, 106} : (in 
 laughter), dentibus deridere aliquem, 
 PI. Epid. J, J, 48 : / will s. him vhat 
 sort of fellow I am, sentiet qui vir 
 sieni, Ter. Eun. i, i, 21. 
 
 show forth : 1. declaro, I (to make 
 manifest) : it best s.s forth the natural 
 disposition of each, cujusque ingeninm 
 ut sit declarat maxime, Ter. Heaut. 2, 
 
 J, 4?: Cic: V. to DECI.AKE, KEVEAI.. 
 
 2. Indico, I : the countenance s.s 
 forth the character, vuUus indicat mores, 
 Cic. Leg. 1, 9 : Nep. 3, ostendo, 
 ostento : v. to .^how. 
 
 oflFC''-)- 1. ostendo, dl, sum 
 
 and tum, j ■ but while he is anxious to 
 s. off his voice, at ille dum vult vocem 
 o., Phaedr. i. 12. 9: he s.s of his broad 
 shoulders, ostendit hum'Tos latos, Virg. 
 Aen. ;, 576. Frequent. : ostento, i : 
 why should I s. myself off ? quid me 
 ostentem? Cic. Fam. i, 4, fin.: to s. 
 themselves off in other things, se in aliis 
 rebus 0., id. Coel. 28, 67. 2. p- rh. 
 vendlto, 1 (to cry up, make the most of) : 
 Cic. : Liv. (v. Lat. Diet. s. v.). 
 
 show (stibs.) : I. Superficial ap- 
 pearance : 1. spgcies, ei : under the 
 s. of bearing lielp to the Byzantines, per 
 speciem auxilli Byzaniiis ferendi, Liv. 
 ?9, J5 : some s. of virtue, quaedam s. 
 virtntis, Cic. Coel. 6, 14 : afeiv tents being 
 left for s., paucis ad sperlem taberna- 
 culis rellctis. Caes. B.C. 2, JJ. 2. "s- 
 tentatio : in reality, not tJi mere outiranl 
 s., veritate non ostentatione, Cic. Agr. i , 
 7 • Sen. 3, simuliitio : v. pretence. 
 II. A spectacle or sight : 1. spcc- 
 tacuhim : a gladiatorial s., s. gladia- 
 toriuni, Liv. jo, 42 : a s. 0/" icrestlers, s. 
 athletarum. Suet. Aug. 44 : a most 
 ."pUndid .«., s. apparatissimum,Cic. Phil. 
 1. 15, j6. 2. liidi, orum (public 
 
 games): v. gamks. 3. munus, eris.ji. 
 (as provided gratuitously hy the magi- 
 ftrates) : to give a splendid s., niagni- 
 ficum m. dare, Cic. Q. Kr. ?. 8 ; prarbere, 
 id. Sull. 19; edere (to exhibit). Suet. Tit, 
 7- III, Display or parade : 1. os- 
 tentiitio, aniblilo: v. o.>-tentation'. 2. 
 species: to captivate men by s., hom'mes 
 specie capere, Cic Brut. 62, 244 : to make 
 a s., praebcre s., Liv. 54, 52. 3. 
 
 'apparatus: v. povp, pjiRAj.F. Phr: 
 
 j dumb t. on the stage, eU., g.>iiis (r. 
 
 Gt'iTicn.ATio.N): t.ofhandt (a 1 airing 
 
 of hands to vote in a publii meeting), 
 
 perh. •manuum sublatio >uffr..gii causa. 
 
 shower (subs.) : |. ,) jal <f rain 
 or hail: 1. imber, brLs. m. {heavy, 
 stormy rain): I came to I'apua in the 
 midst of a very heavy s., maxiniu im- 
 bri Capuani veni, Cic Alt. 7, 20 a i. of 
 stones or blood, lapldeus aut sanguineus 
 i.. Id. Div. 2, 28, 60. 2, pluiia: v. 
 RAix. Phr: thete wot a s. of tUmei. 
 lapidibus plnit, Liv. }5, 9: as o pro- 
 tection against the s. (oJ asliet. He), 
 munimeiiia adversus decideiiila. Plin. 
 6, 16, 16. II. Fig.; rf mUtUet, 
 etc., hurled in great uumbert, etc. : 
 1. imber (rare in this hen.se) 1 
 the iron s. fell thick, ferreus ingriiit i, 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 284. 2. nimbus (poet.): 
 a s. of javelins, n. pilorum, Sil. 5, 215: 
 a s. of darts, telornm n., Lucan 4, 776: 
 a s. of svmes and rocks, n. lapidum 
 sa.xorumque, Flor. ?, 8- a f.ol ilimert, 
 purpureus n., Qaud. NupL ili.n..r. et 
 Mar. 298. 3, i'l prose . xpr. by vis, 
 niultitudo: s.s of teart, \\% lacrinmrum, 
 Cic. Rep. 6, 14 : such a t. of mittilet, 
 •tanta niultitudo (vis) lelorum : r. mul- 
 titude. Phr.: a perfect s. of mi^Ut, 
 * lela dcnslssima : cf. Virg. Aen. 9, 555. 
 
 shower («•) : I. l' r a n s. ; To be- 
 stow liberally ; to scatter in abundance : 
 1. fundo, fudi, fiisum, j (of darts 
 or arrows) : to s. numl>ers of darts on 
 every side after the manner of snoio, un- 
 dique tela f. crebra iiivis ritu, Virg. Aen. 
 II, 611. Comp.: (1) sOperfundo, j (to 
 .«. down upon) : to s. down a great num- 
 ber of darts, magnam vim telurum s., 
 Tac. Agr. j6, init. (2) infundo, } : to 
 s. a cloud of anotvs upon Vie ships, i. 
 vim sagittamm ratibus. Curl. 9, 7. 2. 
 ingfiro, gessi, gestum, j (to heap upon) • 
 to s. doicn blons, verbera i., CurL 6. 11 ; 
 to s. down airous and javelins, sjigittaa 
 et-jaculai., Liv. ^6, 18. ||. Intrans.: 
 To rain in s.s: expr. by pluit: v. TO 
 RAiK. See albo subs. 
 
 -bath ; *lavatio pliivialls, quae 
 
 appellatur. 
 
 showery (adj.'^: pl&vlQs, pHiviesus, 
 pluvialis: v. bain v. 
 
 showily: 1. magnirjcc, splendlde; 
 V. .-.rLENDiDLT. 2. amliUiOsg (uitk 
 ostentation): v. ostentatiously. 3. 
 expr. bj' circuml. : cum magna ostenta- 
 tione ; non sine amblliune. etc. 
 
 showing (subs.) : esp. in such a phr. 
 as by yiiur oun s., perh. te judice (im- 
 plying a decision), H'T. Oil. i, 28, 14: 
 or, te auctore (implying authority fur 
 a statement), cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 18, li'aec 
 se . . .cenis auctoribus comf>erisse. 
 
 showiuess: ponipa: magnlflcentia: 
 ambltio: apparatus- ostentaiio. spicies: 
 
 v. show (lil.), OSTEXTATION. 
 
 showy (adj.) : 1. ambit iCsus : s. 
 halls, atria a.. Mart. 12,68,2: v. pbk- 
 
 TENTIOUS, OSTENTATIOUS. 2. SpcciOsUS 
 
 (oft. in good sense): a s. voman, fem- 
 ina s.. Quint. 5, 10, 47 : by far the most 
 s. style of oratory, lunge speciosissinium 
 genus orationis id. 8, 6. 49. 3. expr. 
 by circuml. with speiies: to exercise a 
 s. lilierality, specie ni i|uaiidam pompam- 
 que liberalita'.is praebere: v. Ipisplay 
 
 shred {"■) •■ to <■"' »"'o nanon- and 
 long piices: expr. by scindore niinuta- 
 tim (to cut tip smalt) : v. TO CVT in 
 
 PIECES. 
 
 shred (subs.) .• perh. pannus, ditnin, 
 pannulus : v. ii,\i,. 
 
 shrew (subs.) : expr. by adj. .- mu- 
 lier jurgiosa, Gtll. i, 17, I (where it is 
 used of Xanthippe): (mulier) impor- 
 tuna atque inconimrja, PI. As, 1, 1, 48: 
 mulier rixosa, rixaruni cnpida : v quab- 
 
 BEL.-OME, DISAGREEABLE. Also (still 
 
 stronger) llx^•r saeva, Ter. Ph. 5, i, 17. 
 
 -mouse ; 1. mus firanens: 
 
 Plin. 8, 58. 8;. 2. p^pr. by siirr\, 
 Icis, m. ('jeneric name for any kind of 
 nunist) : * sor x araneus, Linn. 
 
 shrewd (^Wj.) ; l. irutus (acute 
 penetrating, clever): v. a< tTE, KEK.N. 
 Comp. pfniciitus (rery quick): h« wai 
 141
 
 SHREWDLY 
 
 SHRINK 
 
 SHRUG 
 
 very s. at devising scliemes. etc., p. erat 
 adexcogUandum.CicBr. }<), 145 2. 
 sSgax. acis (keen-scented • only in Kood 
 sense) : this animal {man) is J all o/ 
 foresight, s..fuU of scUmes, etc., (homo) 
 animal hoc providum, s., multiplex, etc., 
 id l.eg. I, "], 22 at one time circum- 
 spect and s., modo circunispectus et s.. 
 Suet Clawd. j; a vum most s. tn con- 
 iectares, vlr in conjecturis sagacissimus. 
 
 Just, t, 9. 3. SubtlliS, e V KEEN 
 
 snuTLB. 4. perspicax v sharp- 
 sighted. 5 callidus (adroit, cun- 
 ning) : s. for his otcn profit, ad suum 
 quaestum c, PI. As. i. i.H- a s. dis- 
 covery, c. inventum, Nep. Eum. J: as. 
 plan, ccnsilium c, Ter. Andr. }, 4, lo. 
 6 scitus {knoiiring, clever): a s. 
 and prudent noman, mulier s. atque 
 prudens,Gen. ij, 4./t"- ■ « -very excellent 
 and s. speech, oratio optima et scitissima, 
 PI. Stich. I, J, JO. 7. astutus: v. 
 COTNiNG- EXPEKT. 8. prudeus (rn- 
 teUigent, sensible): a man naturally 
 very acute and s., vir natura peracutus 
 et p.. Cic. Or. 5, 18 ■ uho could be more 
 3. and a letter lawyer than P. Octa- 
 viusf quis P. Octavio pnidentior, jure 
 peritior? id. Clu. jS, 107. Phr,: s.re- 
 plies, acute responsa, Cic. Am. 2, 6 
 (rather than acuta responsa), cf. L. tr. 
 6 642, Obs. 1. 
 
 shrewdly; 1, calllde . to spea/. 
 f. and clearhi, c. et argute dicere, Cic. 
 Or 28, 98 : he guessed very s. what would 
 happin in the future, de futuris callidis- 
 sime conj iciebat, Nep. Them, i , /n. 2. 
 sagaclter : to investigate s., s. pervesti- 
 gare, Cic. de Or. I, 51. /«• •• "•'■ acutelt, 
 SAGACionsLT. 3. acute: strengthened, 
 peracute : v. keenly. 4. astute : v. 
 ctTNNiNGLY. See also SHUEVVD (od;.). 
 
 shrewdness: 1. caliiditas (both 
 in good and bad sense) : more fully, c. 
 ingenii, Nep. Eum. I (in good sense) : a 
 man of extraordinary s., acerrimae c. 
 vir, Flor. 2, i^ : Ov. ; v. cunning. 2. 
 sollertia (ingenuity, ready talent, and 
 cleverness): more precisely, s. ingenii. 
 Sail. Jug. -7, extr. : v. iNGENurry, cle- 
 TERNESS. 3. sagacitas (^sharpness in 
 tracing out things): Cic; v. .sagacity, 
 shabp-scentedness. 4. expr. by adjj. 
 or advv. : with very great s., acutissime 
 callidlssime : possessed of great s. (homo) 
 dcutissimus, callidissimus, etc.; v. 
 
 SHKEWD, SHltEWDLY'. 
 
 shrewish : (mulier) importuna, jur- 
 giosa, incommSda, rixosa : v. quakeel- 
 
 SOME, DISAGREEABLE: alSO SHREW. 
 
 shriek (subs.): 1. aiuiatus, us 
 (most exact equiv.): the s.s of women, 
 and the wailing of infants, n. femi- 
 narum, infantium quiritatus, Pun. Lp. 
 6, 20, fin.! owing to the s.s, no words of 
 those who were screaming for lielp could 
 be heard, prae ululatibus nulla vox qui- 
 ritantium exaudiri poterat. Liv J9. 8, 
 extr. Used of the s.s or yelU which the 
 Gauls uttered when fighting : to raise a 
 «., u. toUere, Caes. B. G. 5. H ■ of the 
 wild cries of the Bacchanals : cf. Cat. 
 6}, 24 : Ov. M. J, 528. 2. less de- 
 finitely, clamor (a cry or exclamation of 
 any kind): v. cry, SHOirr. 3. eju- 
 latus, us : ejulatio, onis. /. (a wailing 
 cry): V. WAILING. Phr, ; from top to 
 bottom the house re-echoes with the s.s 
 of women, penitusque plangonbus aedes 
 femineis ululant, Virg, Aen. 2, 488. 
 shriek (''■) - 1- "lui"- ' C''^ '^°^' 
 
 exact equiv.) ■ the ni/mph^ s.'dfrom the 
 topmost summit, summoque ulularunt 
 vertice nymphae, Virg. Aen. 4, 168: to 
 sing trith s.ing voice, ululanti voce can- 
 ere, Cic. Or. 8, 27. 2. less definitely, 
 clamorem edere (to utter an exclama- 
 tion of any land) : v. to shout, cry. 
 
 shrift (subs.) : V. CONFESSION, ABSOm- 
 TION. 
 
 shrike (subs.) ■ i. e. the butcher-bird: 
 • lanius (literaRy, a butcher) : Linn. 
 
 shrill (adjy 1. acutus: the 
 
 trumpet pours forth s. notes, lituus soni- 
 tus effundit a.. Enn. Ann. 8, 42 ; a very 
 t. vote, sonus acutissimus,_Cic. de Or. I, 
 59, 251 Comp. : per&ciitus (wr.v s. 
 and. penetrating) : a very s. voice, vox 
 •741 
 
 p. Cio. Br. 68. 241. 2. acer, ens, ore ■ 
 he cries with a s. voice, voce increpat 
 acri, Lncr. J. 966 ■ a s. pipe, a. tibia, 
 Hor. Od. 1, 1 2. I. Comp. : peracer. ens, 
 ere (very penetrating). 3. altus (high 
 pitched) : sliout out again in a s.er voice, 
 conclamate Iterum altiore voce. Cat. 42, 
 18 a very s. sou7id, altissimus sonus. 
 Quint. II, 3, 2J. 4. peril- stridulus 
 (creaking, calculated to jar on the ear) : 
 a s. and 'thin voice, s. et tenuis vox, Sen. 
 Ep. 56. 5. argutus (used esp. ot 
 things which make a sharp, piercing 
 noise, as a saw): Virg. G. i. nr the 
 s. turittering swallow, hirundo a., Virg. 
 
 shnilness isubs.): expr. by adj.: 
 
 V. SHKILI.. _ . 
 
 shrilly (adv.) : acute, acriter : ▼. 
 
 SHRILL. _ 
 
 •ihrimD I. Prop. : * Cancer pa- 
 giirus Linn. ||. A little wrinkled 
 dwarf: pumllus : pumilio: hSmulus: 
 homunciilus: v. dwakf, pigmy. Phr. : 
 you s. of a boy, frustum pueri, PI. Perg. 
 
 '' shnne (^bs.) .- 1. mmnm (the 
 place for the image of a god) : for the 
 temples and s.s of the gods, pro deorum 
 templis atque d., Cic. N. D. }, 4°. 94 = 
 before tU s.s of the gods, ante deum d 
 Lucr. 2, 352 ■ less freq. in sing. : at night 
 a voice was heard from the s, noctu 
 audita ex d. vox est, Li v. 29, 18: Virg. 
 2 sacrarium (general term for the 
 place in which the holy things are kept) : 
 the s is the place where the sacred things 
 are placed, s. est locus in quo sacra re- 
 ponuntur, Ulp. Dig. I, 8, 9 .- bejore the 
 very s of the good goddess, ante ipsum 
 s. Bonae Deae, Cic. Mil. }i, fin. : the s.s 
 of Dis, sacraria Ditis, Virg. Aen. 12, 
 199 3 sacellum (a small chapel 
 
 containing an image : locus parvus deo 
 sacratus, Trebatius in Ge!l. 6, 12): v. 
 sanctuary, chapel. 4. in w'der 
 meaning, fanum, templum : v. temple. 
 
 shrink («•)■• A. Trans : To 
 cause to contract: 1. contraho, xi, 
 ctuni, 3 : to s. cloth, pannum c. : v. to con- 
 tract. 2. expr. by phr. in angustum 
 cogere, adducere, deduceie (to bring or 
 confine into a narrow space) : that dread 
 voice which shrunk thy streams, etc. 
 (Milton), *vox ilia quae tibi in angus- 
 tum flumina coegit, etc. : the battle of 
 Cannae shrunk the power of Rome vei-y 
 greatly, *pugna ilia Cannensis Romanas 
 opes admodum in augustum adduxit. 
 B In trans.- 1. To contract 
 spontaneously: expr. by pass. refl. or 
 act. with pi on. refl. of contraho, in an- 
 gustum cogo, astringo : v. to contkact, 
 tighten. Phr.: the eyes s., oculi min- 
 ores flunt, Ceis. ||. To recoil, as from 
 danger: to imthdraw: 1. retugio, 
 fugi i (both lit. and fig.): when the sun 
 has shrunk (from sight) in the middle 
 of its globe,so\ ubi medio refugent orbe, 
 Virg. G. I, 442: vines are said to s. 
 from cabbage stalks and cabbages, vites 
 a caulibus brassicisque r. dicuntur, Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 47, no. Fig. I to s.Jrom bold 
 designs, a consiliis fortibus r., id. Sest. 
 23, 51 : to s.frrmi those things which are 
 harmful, ab iis quae laedunt r., Quint. 
 4 I, 44; also absol., Virg. Aen. 2. 12. 
 2 rgformido, I (to dread : with 
 arc):' to s. from ivar, helium r., Cic. 
 Phil 7 6, fin. : to s. from crime, crimen 
 r id Coel. 6, fin. . he s.s from saying 
 tliese things, ea dicere reformidat, id. 
 Phil 14, 3, fin. 3. abhorreo, ui, 2 (to 
 reroil in disgust fom) : the multUiuU 
 S.S ba k from this, retro vulgus abhorret 
 ab hac (ralione), Lucr. 1, 944 ■ *" s.from 
 the baseness, audacity, and meanness of 
 these men, ab horum turpitudine, au- 
 dacia, sordibus ab., Cic. Sest. 52, 112. 
 4 vito, devito, I • V. to avoid, 
 SHUN.' 5. rgsilio, ui,4 their necks s. 
 from the yoke, cervices ab jugo r., Flor 4, 
 12 2 Fig.: you see that the charge s.s 
 (recoils) from' my client, ab hoc crimen 
 r vides,'Cic. R. Am. 29, 79- 6. de- 
 trecto, I . to s. from military service, 
 mililiamd.,Caes. B. G. 7, 14; to s.from 
 fighting (decline battle), pugnam d., Liv. 
 
 J, 60; to s.from the battle, proelium <L, 
 Just. 1 3, 5 : certamen d., Tac. H. 4, 67 : 
 to s. from tlie yokes, Juga d., Virg. G. J, 
 57. 7, declino, i (to turn aside from : 
 with MX.): Cic; v. to shun. Phr.: 
 he exhorted tliem not to s. from openly 
 declaring, etc., hortabatur, ut sine re- 
 tractioiie libere dicere auderent, Id.Tusc. 
 5, 29, 83 (R. and A.). 
 
 shrinking (subs.): contractio: con- 
 tractus, us; dimin. contractiunciila : v. 
 contraction. 
 
 shrinkingly: perh. tlmlde : v. 
 TIMIDLY. Or expr. by circuml., he 
 touched on the subject s., * trepldantis 
 (refugientis) modo rem attigit: quasi 
 animo ab ea refugeret. 
 
 shrivel: I. Trans.: 1 cor- 
 rugo, I : chiefly used as pass. refl. : v. 
 infr. (II.). 2. expr. by circuml., 
 
 rijgosiim (aliquid) facere : this plan s.t 
 up the grapes, haec ratio r. facit acina, 
 Col. 12, 4? : V. shrivelled. 3. tor- 
 rgfacio, 3 (to scorch and dry up) : Col. : 
 V. TO SCORCH. II. Intrans. : 1. 
 corriigor, I Qpass. refl) .- when the grapes 
 have s.'d enough, ubi satis corrugata 
 erunt aciua. Col. 12, 39- 2. torresco, j 
 (strictly, with heat) : Lucr. 3. expr. 
 by circuml., rugosum, retorridum fieri : 
 V. SHKlv elled. P h r. : to prevent apphs 
 being s.'d, ne poma rugarum deformet 
 attractio. Pall. 5, 4. 
 
 shrivelled (adj.): 1. rugosus: 
 s. eunuchs, spadones r., Hor. bpod. 9, 
 14: «. grapes, acina r.. Col. 12, 44: Pall. 
 2. sometimes aridus (dry, parched) 
 may be used: s. leys, arida crura, Ov. 
 A. A. 3, 272. 3. rgtorridus (nf fruits, 
 vegetables, etc.) : s. up fruits (perh. 
 dried fruits), fructus letorridi, Plin. 17, 
 22, 35 : Phaedr. 
 
 shroud (subs.): \. For the dead : 
 linteum quo involvebantur corpora 
 mortuorum (Wahl, Clavis) : in later 
 Latin, sindon, Onis, /. (Gr. (tlvSmv) : cf. 
 Wahl, s. V. Or perh. • tunica funebris, 
 amicuUim funebre. ||. In pi., certain 
 ropes in ships : rMentes, um (gen. term) : 
 V. rigging, cordage. 
 
 shroud ("-)■■ ^^ <:over, overwhelm, 
 as to s. in obscurity: 1. involvo, 
 vi, utum, 3 (to wrap up in) : to be s.'d 
 in smoke, involvi fumo, Ov. H. 2, 232 : 
 sing truth in obscurity, obscuris vera 
 involvens, Virg. Aen. 6, 99 : v. TO wrap 
 up. 2. occupo, I (cover): to s. the 
 lieavens with a black cloud, atra nuba 
 poluni o., Hor. Od. 3, 29, 44. 3. expr. 
 by obdQco, xl, clum, 3 (to draw over as 
 a curtain) .- by its intervention the earth 
 is s.'d in gloom, hac subeunte [terrae] 
 tenebras obduci, Plin. 2, 10, 7 : cf.Virg. G. 
 1 248 (al. obtenta nocte) : v. to cover. 
 ' Shrove-Tuesday : expr. by *pridie 
 
 Quadragesimae. 
 
 shrub (subs.): \. A low dwarf 
 tree: 1. frutex, icis, m.: from a 
 shoot either a tree springs up, as tlie 
 olive, fig, pear: or a s.. as roses, reeds, 
 etc., ex surculo vel arbor procedit, ut, 
 olea, ficus, pirus ; vel f., ut rosae, arun- 
 dines. Col. Arb. I, init. : Phaedr. 2. 
 arbuscula (dimin^ of arbor : any small 
 tree) : Varr. : Col. ||. A kind of 
 liquor: *potus genus quod Anglice 
 shrub appellatur. 
 
 shrubbery: 1. fruticetum: esp. 
 in pi. : among s.s (brushwood), ana 
 brambles, inter f. et vepres. Suet. Ner. 
 48, med. Also contr. frutectum : Plm. 
 2. expr. by frutex, icis, to. (sing. 
 used collectively) : Phaedr. i, 11. 4- 
 3 arbustuni: v. plantation, (fhe 
 last is p-rh. the best word to denote a 
 garden s., fruticetum denoting rather 
 ivild brushwood.) _ . . ., 
 
 shrubby: 1. fruticosus (of the 
 nature of shrubs : bushy) : s. twigs, 
 vimina f.. Ov. M. 6, 344: «■ branches, 
 rami f., Plin. 20, 13, 51- 2. frutec- 
 toius (abounding in brushirood) : woody 
 and s. ground, nemorosus frutectosus- 
 que tractus. Col. 2, 2, 11. 
 
 shrug ("-) -• i- e- '" '*'■'*'" "^ ^ 
 shouUiers: peih. bumeros allevare at- 
 que contrahere: cf. Quint. 11, 3. 83. 
 (More precisely •humeros suspicantw
 
 SHRUG 
 
 SHUT UP 
 
 SICK 
 
 gestu movere ■ queniadmodutn ti facere 
 Bolent quibus mali quid subolet.) 
 
 shrug (subs.) : a s. of (Ae shoulders : 
 perh. humerorum allevatio [atque con- 
 tractio], cf. Quint, ii, }, 8i or simply, 
 humcronmi motus. 
 
 shrunken (^<'i)' vietus s. limbs, 
 membra v., }Ior. Ep<«J. 12, T : as. htMrt, 
 cor v., Cic. Div. 2, 16, i^ : v. withkred, 
 
 ■WRINKLED. 
 
 shuck (softs.): V. HTSK. 
 
 shudder ( ''•) •• horrco, 2: I s. and 
 tremble all oi>er, toius h. et tremo, cf. 
 Ter. Eun. i, 2, 4: esp. in phr. to s. at : 
 they s.'d at the cruelty of Aricvistus, 
 crudeliuitem Ariovisti horrebant, Caes. 
 B. Ci. I, }2 : to s. at the very name of 
 the accuser, ipsum nomen accusatoris h.. 
 Quint. 12, 7, 1. C'trnps.: (1.) exliorrw, 2 
 (rare and late): Col. (2.) perhorien, 2 
 (also rare and late): Jul. Val. Incept. 
 horresco, horrui, j: they begin to s. n-ith 
 fear of death, terrore mortis h., Cic. Fin. 
 5, II, jl : he S.S at the sight, h. visu. Virg. 
 Aen. f), "Jio. Comps.: (1.) exhorresco, 
 } (<o s. exceedingly) : to s. exceedingly 
 with fear, metu exb., Cic. Fin. i, ij, 4} : 
 Virg. (2.) pgrhorresco, j (Jo s. greatly) : 
 Is. all ocer my body, toto corpore perh., 
 Cie. Div. Verr. U, 41 : I s.at the distress 
 of the vestal virgins, vexationem vir- 
 
 f'num vestalium p., id. Cat. 4, 6, 12. 
 hr. : how I s.'d, qui me horror per- 
 fudit, id Alt. 8, 6, i. 
 
 shudder (subs.): 1. horror, oris, 
 m. : that gives me a shudder, ea res me 
 horrore afflcit, PI. Am. 5, i, 16: a cold s. 
 shakes my limbs, mllii frigidus h. mem- 
 bra quatit, Virg. Aen. ), 29: see also 
 SHIVER, SHivERiKG. 2. trgmor: trith 
 \akat a s. and paleness he spuke, quo tr. 
 et pallore dixit, Cic. Flacc. 4, lo : a cold 
 s. ran through our bones, gelidus per. . . 
 cucurrit ossa tr., Virg. Aen. 2, 121 : Ov. 
 
 shuddering (subs.) : horror : tre- 
 mor: V. SHLl>I)KR. 
 
 shudderingly : * quasi horrescens: 
 horresientis ritu. 
 
 shuiBe («■)•• A. Trans.: to 
 mix up one vnth another, as to shtijffle 
 cards : misceo, 2 : to s. the lots (tickets) 
 and draw, sortes m. et ducere, Cic. l)iv. 
 2, 41, 86. So permisceo, 2 : v. to mix. 
 B. 1 n t r a n s. : |. To prevari- 
 cate : to practise shifts in order to avoid 
 detection : 1, tergiversor, i : why do 
 you dissimulate ? why do you s. t quid 
 dissimulas.' quid tergiversaris ? Cic. PI. 
 19, 48 : there is no room for s ing, non 
 est locus ad terpversandum, id. Att. 7, 
 1,2: Liv. 2. tricor, i {to play tricks) : 
 Publilius is s.ing with you, Publilius 
 tecum t., Cic. Att. 14, 19, fin.: cf. ib. 
 15, IJ, B. (Vecteiium accusat: tricatur 
 scilicet, ut homo talis). Phr.: hoiv 
 you have s.'d, quae deverticula fiexioues- 
 que quaesisti, id. Pis. 22, 5J. ||, To 
 walk u-ith an irregular gait, as to s. 
 along : perh. * pedes dissoluto quodam 
 motii in ambulando movere. 
 
 shuffler: tergiversator : Gell. 11,7, 
 fin. (fur which Lucil. used bovinator ; 
 [homo] tricosus). Or use imperf. part. 
 of tergiversor (only not in nam. sing.) : 
 L. 6. } 6}8. Someiimes dissimulaior 
 (one ic.'io hides the truth), or vfitgrator 
 (a sly old. rogue),may be precise enough : 
 
 V. DISSEMBI.EU, TRICKSTER. (N.B. — Not 
 
 praevaricator, which denotes a collusive 
 accuser.) 
 
 shuffling (subs.) : tergiversatio : Cic. 
 Mil. 23, 54. Or expr. by verb: there 
 is no room for s., * tergiversjindo [ter- 
 giversantibusj nullus est locus: v. to 
 
 SHTFFLK. 
 
 shuffling (a^ij-' •" I. Given topre- 
 varication • use tergiversator : cf. L. G. 
 5 593. Also the intensive participial 
 form tergiversabundus may perh. some- 
 times serve: cf L. G. ^ no, Obs. 4. 
 II, Of gait: to walk nith a s. gait, 
 •inccssu parum firmo, utpote pedibus 
 dissolute per hunium tractis, utl. 
 
 shun (v.) •• 1. fTigio, fugl, fugitum, 
 J : they uho are wise shun a mad poet, 
 vesanum fugiunt poetara qui sapiunt, 
 Hor. A. P. 455 : etp<ws. Rarely foil, by 
 ol^ject-infin. : s. inquiry, fuge quaerere, 
 
 id. Od. I, 9, IJ. Comp. : defQgio, j 
 (strengthened from prewd.) : to s. any- 
 one's Sfjiety and conversati/m, aditum 
 alicujus sermonemque d., Caes. B. G. 6, 
 IJ: to s. a liattU, proellum d., id B. C. 
 I, 82 al.so absol. Frequent, fugito, i : 
 to make many efforts to s. death, necera 
 f.. Phaedr. i, 2, 26. 2. *ito, i ; and comp. 
 dgvito, I : v. TO avoid. 3. declino, 1 
 (with ace.) : lo s. the city, urbem d., Cic. 
 Plane. 41, 97 : to s. things which are 
 likely lo prove hurtful, ea quae nocitura 
 videantur d., id. Off. i, 4, 1 1 : oi)p. ap- 
 petere, id. X. 1'. J, IJ, JJ. 4. aver- 
 sor, I (to turn away in disgust from): 
 to s. effeminate arts, effeminatas artes 
 a., Plln. Pan. 46, med. : to s. honour, 
 honorem a., Ov. F. i, 5 : to s. conversa- 
 tion, sernionem a., Tac. A. 6, 26 ; to s. 
 flallfry, adulationes a.. Suet Tib. 27. 
 
 shunning (««''s.) : 1. fflga: s.of 
 
 disgract, turpitudinis f. (opp. appetentia 
 honestatis), Cic. Rep. i, 2 : Hor. : Virg. 
 2. vitatio (gen. term) : s. of pain, 
 doloris v., Cic. Kin. 5, 7, 20: s. of 'danger, 
 periculi v., Auct. Her. j, 2, j. 3. de- 
 clinatio: opp. appetitio, Cic. N. 1). j, ij, 
 JJ. 4. expr. by verb- v. to shun. 
 
 shut ("■) •■ 1. claudo, si, sum, j : 
 to s. (in) the pupils, lest anything should 
 get into the ei/c, ad claudendas pupulas, 
 ne quid incideret, Cic. N I). 2, 57, 142 : 
 to s. the door of the bedchamber, forem 
 cubiculi c, id. I'usc. 5, 20, 59: to s. the 
 eyes (of a dying person), ocellos (oculos) 
 c. Prop. 2, I J, 17 Liican 5, 28. Fig. : 
 to s. the ears (le. to instruction), aures 
 c, Cic. Tusc. 4, I, 2. Comp.: occludo, 
 si, sum, J (to s. or close up) : v. to shut 
 UP. 2. <5pSrio, ui, ertura, 4 (opp. to 
 aperio : to s. by a cottering, as o pot by 
 putting the lid on) : to s. the door, fores 
 o., PI. Men. 2, J, I : so, ostium o., Ter. 
 Heaut. 5, I, JJ : to s. the eyes (i. e. be- 
 fore going lo sleep, opp. to oculos pate- 
 facere): oculos o., Plin. II, J7, 5;. 3. 
 comprimo, pressi, pressum, j (to bring 
 close together: only used of the hands 
 and eyes) : to s. the hands so as to make 
 a fist, manus In pugniim c. Quint. 2, 20, 
 7 ; to s. the eyes (an act of tite wiU), 
 oculos c, id. II, J, 76. 4. obdo, didi, 
 ditum, J (by barring or bolting): to s. 
 the door, forem o., PI. Casin. 5, 2, i;; the 
 doors having been s. behind, obditis a 
 tergo foribus, Tac. A. ij, 5. 6. ob- 
 turo, I (to stop up, as with a stopple 
 or a lid) : PI. : Vitr. Phr.: to s. one's 
 eyes to anything, in aliqua re connivere, 
 Cic. Phil. I, 7, ./in. : v. to wink. 
 
 in ((„).i 1. includo, si, 
 
 into 5 I sum, J (with in 
 
 and abl. or ace, rarely with simple abl., 
 ace, or dat.) : to s. in armed men in 
 the s. of Concord, armatos in cella 
 Concordiae i., Cic. Phil, j, 12, 51 : to s. 
 any one up in prisrm, aliquem in car- 
 cerem i., Liv. j8, 59, /in.: s. in with 
 trails, parietibus inchisi, Cic. Rep. j, 9, 
 init. : part s. themselres in, pars sese 
 incluserunt, Liv. )6, 16. 2. some- 
 times expr. by sepio, psi, ptum, 4 : cir- 
 cumvgnio, veni, ventum, 4: v. to .sur- 
 round. 3. also ccerceo, cui, citum, 2 
 (to keep within limits, confine) : a river 
 s. in by no bmiks, anmis nullis coercitus 
 ripis, Liv. 7.1, ji : the enemy is s. in 
 between the icalls, intra murog coercetur 
 hostis, id. 5, 5. 
 
 out (f •) •■ 1. exclude, si, sum, 
 
 J : to s. any out of doors, aliquem foras 
 e., PI. Mil. 4, I, jo: they s. them out of 
 their city, eos moenibus excluserunt, Cic. 
 Bal. 17, J9: the laurel thick nith Ufughs 
 u-ill s. out the piercing rays (of the 
 snn), spissa raniis laurea e.\cludet ictus, 
 Hor. Od. 2, 15, 10. Fig.: to be s. out 
 from all learning, ab omni doctrina 
 e.xcludi, Cic. de Or. i, 11, 46: v. to ex- 
 clude. 2. e.xtmo, J (In fig. sense) : 
 V. to exclude (5). 3. arcto, pr6- 
 
 hlbeo, 2 : V TO KEEP OFF, DEBAR. 
 
 up or in : 1. claudo, J : to s. 
 
 up one's hoiue, doniuni c, I'ac. H. i, 
 )j : to s. up school, ludum c. Suet. ! 
 Comp.: (1.) conclado, si, sum, j (to s. ' 
 up together or closely) : I have my ill- 
 tempered wife s. up here, conclusam hie 
 
 habeo iixorem saevam, Ter. Ph. 5, 1, 17; 
 he s.up... the tout in Oie tmdy, ^iiimnni 
 conclusit in oorpure, Cic. I'im. J. ./in. (2.) 
 includo, si, sum, j (to t. up in) : to ». 
 up any one in prison, aliquem in car- 
 cerem i., Liv. j8, ?9, fin. : Ov. lb. 521 • 
 whilst we are s. up in these fastenin^t 
 of the body, dum sumus inclusi in his 
 compagibus corporis, Cic de Sen. 21, 77. 
 
 2, CO<TceO, 2: V. TO SHUT (fin.). 
 Phr.: colliiq.. s. up (i. e. hold your 
 tongue), tace v. silent, to be. 
 
 shutters : 1. f^ricuiae, arum 
 (for closing unglazed u-induus) Varr. 
 R. R. I, 59. (Quith gives portula in 
 this sense). 2. valvae, arum : Vitr. 
 6, ?, 10 (Schneider). So, i> indows fur- 
 nished with s.«, feneslrarum lumina vaU 
 vata: ib. 
 
 shuttle : radius: the ufmfis wrought 
 
 in tcith sitarppointed «..«. inserltur 
 
 radiis subtemen acutis, Ov. M. 6, 56 : cf. 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 476 (excussi manibaa 
 radii). 
 
 cock : Kr. gives • pTla peiiiiata, 
 
 but without auihorit.v: to play at battle- 
 dore and s., fierh. pila pennalu ludere: 
 p. pennatam reticulis inter se cxcipere 
 (of more Hum one player). !•' i g. : as, 
 the s. of fortune : perh. IQdibrium : ct 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 75 (rapidis ludibria ven- 
 tis): also, Hor. Od. i, 14, I5- 
 
 shy (adj.): I. Fearful of near 
 approach : 1. timldus : there is no- 
 thing more s. than a dove, nihil timidins 
 est columba, Varr. K. K. j, 7 : v. ff_*r- 
 
 FUL, TIMID. 2. pavidUS: v. FRIGHT- 
 
 ENED, TERRIFIED. 3. formidolosus. 
 
 inaudax : see also timorous, timid, 
 FKiGHTENED. P h r. : o s. /u>rs«, perh. 
 *equus timidus, qui facile coiistemalur: 
 V. full. art. II. Cf/y, bashful, avoid- 
 ing familiar intttrcourse: \, piidl- 
 bundus: a s. man, vir p., Just. j8, 8: 
 a s. peacock, pavo p., Plin. lo, 20, 22. 
 2. verecundus : v. modest. 
 
 shy ("■) •■ 1. expr. by constemo, i 
 (tofrightai, cause to s.) : the horses s., 
 and snatch their necks from the yoke, 
 equi constemantur et colla Jugo erl- 
 plunt, Ov. M. 2, JI4 : this made the 
 horses s., haec [procella] equos con- 
 steniavit, Liv. J7, 41, fin. 2. expr. 
 by saltum in contraria [in obliquumj 
 facere (to make a leap in the opposite 
 [or side] direction) : cf. Ov. M. 2, J14. 
 
 shyly : timide : vgrScunde : v. 
 
 TrMIDI.V, BASHFULLY. 
 
 shyness : 1. vgrecundia : a timid 
 man, with s. like a girl's, homo timidus, 
 virginali v., Cic. Quint. 1 1, J9. 2. 
 pudor : v. mode.stv. 
 
 sib (adj.) : i.e. related by blood : con- 
 sanguineus, geuere propinquus : v. rb- 
 lated. 
 
 sibilant (at^j): sibllus: sibllans: 
 V. HISSING (adj.). 
 
 sibilation (s«*s.) : siWlus : v. his- 
 .siNG (subs.). Also facete, fistula pas- 
 toriiia, Cic. Att. i, 16, 6. 
 
 sibyl : sibylla : tHimean s., s. Cumaea 
 s. Cuniana: the long-lii^ti (aged) s., s. 
 vivax, Ov. 14, 104: dread s.. horrenda s., 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 10. Also viites, is, c, may 
 be used as gen. term : ib. v. 65. 
 
 sibylline : sibylhnus : .». rfrses, ver- 
 sus s.,Cic. Div. I, 2, 4: esp. of the book* 
 said to have been purchased liy Tarquin : 
 the s. books were consulud try a decree 
 of the senate, libri s. ex senatns consnlto 
 aditi sunt, Liv. 5, ij, ad med. : Varr 
 L. L. 6, J, 55- ^ ^ .. 
 
 sick (adj.) : I. Affected with 
 
 vomtting: usu. with v. to be: 1. 
 vomo, ui, Uum, j : tobe s. after food, v. 
 post cibum, Cels. i, j, ad fin. : Cic. 2. 
 nauseo, l (to feel squeamish): to belck 
 and be s.. ructare <t n., id. Fam. 12. 25. 
 2: cf. id. Phil. 2, J4, 84 (quidlibet, modo 
 ne nauseet, facial): see also to voMrr. 
 II. Fi g., also usu. with verb to be: 
 to be s. of. disgusted at : 1. taedet, 
 duit, or 'pertaesum est, 2 (with ace. of 
 Kng. subject and gen. of thing) : / am 
 going iji, I am s. of your conversation, 
 abeo intro, taedet sermonis tui. PI. Cas. 
 I, 54: / am s. of hearing the .<ame 
 things a Oiousand tim^s, t. jam audire 
 743
 
 SICK 
 
 SIDE 
 
 SIEGE 
 
 esdem inillies, Ter. Ph. j, 2, 2 : / was 
 quite s. of his conversation, me sermouis 
 pertaeBum e»t, PI. Mt>st. I, 4, 4 : / am s. 
 of this levili/, pertaesum est me levitatis, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2. 2. fabtidio,4 {to feel 
 disgustat, to loathe) : v. to loathe. 3. 
 nauseo, 1 : tobes. of any one's chattering, 
 effutienteni aliquem n., id. N. D. i, jo, 
 84 : cf. Phaedr. 4, 7, 25. See also tired 
 OP, WEAKY. Ill, S. of body or mind : 
 1. aeger, gia, grum (used both of 
 the body and the mind) : v. ill. Fig.: 
 a mind s. with anxiety, animus aeger 
 curis, Virg. Aen. i, 208 : a mind s. with 
 Jove, animus ae.amore, Liv. jo, 11. 2. 
 aegrotus (of the body, rarely fig.) : we 
 aU give good adrice to s. people when ice 
 are in good lieaWi. omues, cum valemus, 
 recta consilia aegroiis damus, Ter. Andr.' 
 2, I, 9 : whilst a s. man has life there is 
 said to be hope, aegroio, dum anima est, 
 spes esse dicitur. Cic. Alt. 9, 10. PM g. : 
 this is tlie remedy for a state which is s. 
 and almost given up by the doctors, hoc 
 remedium est aegrotae et prope de- 
 speraiae reipublicae, id. Div. Verr. 21, 
 ■30. 
 
 sick, to be ("•) •• •• e. to be iU : ae- 
 groio, I ■ ciibo, ui, itum, I : jaceo, ui, 2 : 
 morbo afflci : v ill (to be). 
 
 bed : Kr. gives lectus, cui mor- 
 bus afflxit aliquem, ace. to Hor. S. i, I, 
 81. Ph r. : to be on a s. bed, expr. by 
 cubare, jacere, aegrotare : v. ill (to be) : 
 to attend the s. bed of anybody, aegroto 
 alicui assidere, Plin. Ep. 7, 19, I : vale- 
 tudini alicujus assidere, Tac. Agr. 45, 
 fin. : to get up Jrom a s. bed, ex morbo 
 assurgere, Liv. j, 24. 
 
 room: valetUdinarium: Cels. 
 
 praef. fm. : Sen. Ep. 27. 
 
 sicken ("•) •• A. Trans.: to dis- 
 gust : expr. by fastidium creare, parere, 
 gignere, movere : there is no pleasure 
 which will not s. one by cotistaiit repeti- 
 tion, nulla voluptas est, quae non assi- 
 dultate f. pariat, Plin. 12,17,40: it s.s 
 the stomach vei-y much, magna niovet 
 stomacho fastidia, Hor. S. 2, 4, 78 : see 
 also TO DISGUST. B. 1 11 trails. ; 
 
 to fall ill: expr. by in morbum, incl- 
 dere, cadere, incurrere, delabi : morbo 
 corripi. Suet. Caes. 45 : valttudine ad- 
 versa corripi, Tac. (these, esp. of sud- 
 den seiztire) : in adversam valetudinem 
 incidere, Plin. ; v. illness, ill (to fall). 
 
 sickle {subs.) : 1. falx, cis,/. {any 
 hooked or cwvexi cutting instrument): 
 to apply a s. to the corn that is ripe for 
 the harvest, f. maturis supponere aristis, 
 Virg. G. I, J48: more exactly, falx mes- 
 soria {a reaping s., as distinguished from 
 falx foenaria, a mowing s. or scythe). 
 Dimin. ; falcic ula (a small s.) : Pall. : 
 Am. 2. sScula (rare : the Campanian 
 name for a s.) : cf. Varr. L. L. 5, ji, 
 
 -shaped: falcatus: a s.- shaped 
 
 sword (? i. e. a scimitar), ensis f , Ov. M. 
 I. 717- 
 
 sickliness : perh. imbecilUtas vale- 
 tudinis (general weakrirss of body), Cic. 
 Att. 7, I, extr. : cf. morbus et imb. cor- 
 poris, id. Att. H.6: V. WEAKNESS. (Kr. 
 gives ad aegrotandum proclivitas: cf. 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 28.) See also foil. art. 
 
 sickly (ttiij-) •" I. ^" «■ somewhat 
 unsound and unhealthy condition : 1, 
 morbosus (rarely used of persons) : let 
 him sell an old slave, or a s. slave, ser- 
 vum senem, servum m. vendat, Cato 
 R. R. 2, extr. 2. niorbidus (rare, and 
 not found of persons) : s. bees, apes m., 
 Varr. R. R. j, 16, 22 : a s. bo'ly, corpus 
 m., Plin. 8, 26, 40. 3. e.\pr, by ad 
 aegrotandum proclivis (but cmly when 
 speaking of persons): cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 12, 27, and 28. 4. sometimes iiifir- 
 miis, invalidus, imbecillus, may serve : 
 V. WEAK, AILING. Phr. : he was always 
 t., semper infirma atque etiam aegra 
 valetudine fuit, id. Brut. 48, 180. ||. 
 Liable to bring on a feeling of sickness : 
 perh. fastidiendus : I'lin. 2;, 7, ji. 
 
 .sickness.' I. 'J'h^- state of being 
 
 sick : 1, nausSa (prop, sea-s. : also 
 
 denoting s. in general) : overloadings of 
 
 the stomach which cause s., cruditates, 
 
 744 
 
 quae n. faciunt, Plin. 26, 11, 69 : to check 
 s., n. coerc^re, Hor. Epod. 9, J5 : Sen. 
 
 2. vomitus, lis, TO. ; v. vomiting. 
 II, State of being ill : disease, illness, 
 
 both of body and mind : 1, morbus 
 {disease of body or mind) : v. illness. 
 Fig.: of the viind : s. and lust of the 
 viiiid, m. et cupiditas (animi), Cic. Verr. 
 
 I, ;6, 91. 2. valetudo: denoting 
 state of health in general : hence in 
 present sense usu. with an adj. : 
 e. g. iucommoda, adversa valetudo : v 
 HEALTH, ILLNE.SS. 3. aegiotatio {both 
 of body and mind) : when the blood is 
 impure, diseases and ss are produced, 
 cum sanguis corruptus est morbi aegro- 
 tationesque iiascuntur, id. Tusc. 4, 10, 
 2}. Fig.: in tlie mind we can only 
 separate disease from s. by thought, in 
 animo tantummodo cogitatione possu- 
 mus niorbuin ab aegrotatione sejungere, 
 ib. 4, I J, 29. 4. aegritudo (only fig. 
 of the mitid in the best writers : later 
 of bodily s.) : s. of the body, ae. corporis. 
 Curt. J, 5 : icoi-n out by s., fessus aegri- 
 tudine, Tac. A. 2, 29. Fig. : they have 
 called trouble, anxiety, and grief, s. 
 {of the mind), molestiam, soUicitudinem, 
 angorem, ae. nominaverunt, Cic. fuse. 
 ?, 10, 22. For various phrr. see also 
 
 DISEASE. 
 
 side {subs ) ; I, Quarter, direction : 
 
 I, pars, partis,/, (most gen. term) : 
 the Helvetii are bounded on one s. by the 
 river Rhine, on another s., etc., Helvetii 
 continentur una ex parte flumine Rbeno, 
 altera ex parte, etc., Caes. B. G. i, 2 : to 
 see dust on that s. ton aids which the 
 legion had marched, pulverem videre in 
 ea p. quara in partem legio iter fecisset, 
 ib. 4, j2. 2. regio : v. quarter. 
 
 3. often expr. by an adv. of place 
 or direction, as ;— (1.) uiidiqu6 {from 
 or 01! all S.S) : to make an attack upon 
 the enemy from, all s.s at once, u. uno 
 tempore in hostes impetum facere, cf. 
 ib. I, 22: surrounded on every s. by 
 perils, u. cinctus periculis, Cic. Manil. 
 
 II, JO. (2.) undecunquS (from what 
 place or s. soever): Sen. Vit. beat. 27, 
 med. : Quint. 7, j, jj. (3.) utrimque 
 (utrinque), adc, {from or on both sides, 
 on the one s. and on the other) : the 
 trumpets sound from both s.s, tubae u. 
 canunt, PI. Am. I, i, 69: great forces 
 vera got together mi both s.s, niagnae 
 copiae u. paratae, Cic. Fam. 6, 4. in it. : 
 071 both s.s or on one, vel. u. vel aO altera 
 parte. Quint. 5, 10,81. Cump.: utrim- 
 que secus {along, or on both s.s : rare) : 
 Lucr. : Apul. (4 ) quoquover.-ius {to- 
 wards every s.) : ten fei-t tonards every 
 s.. pedes decem q., Cato, R. R. 15, 
 med. (5.) citrii {ov this s. : piep. with 
 ace.) : the Germans who were on this s. 
 the Rhine, German! qui essent c. Rhe- 
 num, Caes. B. G. 6, J2 : on this s. of the 
 river, c. fiumen, Liv. 21, 48. Also citro, 
 adv. {on this s.). Join: ultro citroque 
 (to that s. and to this) : cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 
 66, Jin. (6.) hinc, illinc (on this s. and 
 on that) : on the one s. is good faith, on 
 the other cheating, h. fides, illinc (rauda- 
 tio, id. Cat. 2, 11, 25 : on the one s. is 
 shame, on the other love, b. pudor, i. 
 amor, Ov. M. I, 619. These words also 
 signify on both s.s : many wounds having 
 been received on both s.s, multis h. atque 
 i. vulneribus acceptis, Liv. 32, 10. Hinc 
 is sometimes repeated with the force of 
 illinc : mi this s. by the Macedonian, on 
 that s. by the Toronaic sea, h. Toronaico, 
 h. Macedonico mari, Liv. 44, 11 : on 
 both s.s are mighty rocks, h. atque h. 
 vastae rupes, Virg. Aen. i, 162. (7.) 
 hue, adv. {to this s., hither) -. v. hither. 
 
 II, Fart of the body : latus, eris, n. 
 (of both persons and animals) : a pain 
 in thr. s., dolor lateris, Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 6 : 
 he fastens a sword to his s., laterique 
 accommodat ensem,Virg. Aen. 2. 393: to 
 twitch one by the s., (in order to attract 
 attention), vellere 1. digitis, Ov. A. A. i, 
 606: to valk by any one's s., tegere 1. 
 alicui, Hor. S. 2, 5, 18: so also 1. claud- 
 ere, Juv. j, iji : and dare 1. alicui, Sen. 
 Q. N. 7, J2. Fig.: ';/' companionship 
 and intimate friendship: so that I 
 
 never should leave tlie oil man's s., at 
 a scnis 1. nunqnam discederem, Cic, 
 Am. I, I. Ill, By anal., lateral sur- 
 face or outside of anything -. lauis : the 
 s. of a hill, collis 1., Caes. B. G. 2, 8 ; one 
 s. of the camp, unum 1. castrorum, ib. 2, 
 5 : one s. of the island is opposite Gaul, 
 unum 1. insulae est contra Galliam, ib. 
 5, 1} : the .s. {of a ship), 1., Virg. Aen. 
 I, 105. Esp. in phrr. on or at the s., on 
 or at the s.s: he protected it at each s. 
 with fascines and sheds, ab utroque lat- 
 ere cratibus ac pluteis protegebat, Caes. 
 B.C. i,2^,fin.: on the s.s, ab latevibus. 
 Sail. J. 50, ./in. Also less freq. e.\ laiere, 
 lateribus : on each s., ex ulroque latere, 
 Lucr. 2, 1049: on the s.s, ex iateribus. 
 Sail. C. 60. IV, t'arty, faction, sect : 
 pars, tis./. (usu. j^J.); to be on neither s., 
 nullius partis esse, Cic. Fam. 10, }i : nor 
 must a judge be chosenj'rmn the advocates 
 of the opposite s., nee ex advocatis p. 
 adversae judex eligeiidus. Quint. 5, 6, 6: 
 to go over to any one's s.. in partes ali- 
 cujus transire, cf. Tac. H. i, 70: also in 
 partes alicujus traiisgredi, cf ib. 4, 39: 
 to draw over to any one's s., aliquem 
 in suas partes ducere, cf. id. A. 15, 51 : 
 also trahere : Tac. .See also party, 
 FACTION. To be on any one's s. : expr. 
 by ab, cum, foil, by the abl. with a verb : 
 he is on thy s., abs te slat, PI. Rud. 4, 4, 
 56: to be on our s. ayaim-t you your- 
 selves, a nobis contra vosmet ipsos fac- 
 ere, Cic. Rose. Am. j6, 104 : to be on 
 Caesar's s., cum Caesare seutire. Id. 
 Att. 7, 1, 2 : to be on the s. of good men 
 against wicked men, sentire pro bonis 
 contra improbos, id. Mil. 2, 5. V. Of 
 consanguinity : 1. latus, ciis, n. ; on 
 my s. and on yours, meo tuoque latere, 
 Plin. Ep. 8, 10, }. 2. genus, eris, n. 
 (esp. in such phrr. as, on the father's 
 or the mother's s.) : because he was of 
 inferior birth on his mother's s., quia 
 materno genere impar erat. Sail. J. 11, 
 in it. Phr.: {those) related by the 
 father's s., per patrem cognati, Paul. 
 Dig. j8, 10, 10, $ I : to claim descent 
 from Jove on the father's s., pateruam 
 originem ad Jovem referre. Suet. Cal. 2. 
 
 side {odj.) : lateralis, e {pertaining 
 to the s.) : Lucil. : Calpurn. 
 
 -board ; 1. abiicus (usu. an 
 
 ornamentals., with a top made of marble 
 i/r silver) : s.s furnished out nith em- 
 bossed silver and gold plate, a. argento 
 auroque caelato ornati, Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 
 61 : Cato. (For abacus, Hor. uses lapis 
 albus, S. I, 6, 116.) 2. peih. mensa 
 {any table, board, etc.): v. Lat. Uict. 
 s. v. 
 
 sided : only in comps., as one-s„ 
 many-s., etc. : uniliitgrus, muUTlatgrus, 
 etc. (Or by circuml., unum latus, 
 multa lalera habens.) 
 
 sidelong : 1. obllquus : a s. blow, 
 o. ictus [apri], Hor. Od. i. 22, 7 : with s. 
 look or glance, o. oculo, Hor. Ep. I, 14, 
 J7 : o. vultu, Stat. S. 2, 6, io2 : oblique 
 capita [speculari], Plin. 8, 24, }6. 2. 
 liiuus, a, um; and [late] limis, e (in best 
 authors only as epith. of the eyes) : to 
 vast s. glances, limis oculis aspicere, PL 
 Mil. 4, 6, 2 : so, limis subridere oculis, 
 Ov. Am. J, I, J?. 3. transversus 
 (going or lying across, transveise) ; to 
 look in a s. direction, transversa tueri, 
 Virg. E. 3, 8 : to walk in a s. direction 
 as a crab does, ex transverso cedere, 
 quasi cancer selet, PI. Ps. 4, i, 55. 
 Phr.: to give a s. blow, ensem obli- 
 quare in latus, Ov. M. 12, 485: in a 
 s. direction, oblique, in obliquum: v. 
 
 OBLIQUELY. 
 
 sidereal : sideralis, e : Plin. Or 
 expr. by sidera: concerning tlie s. hea- 
 vens, *de coelo sideriliusque. 
 
 sideways: in obliquum, etc.: v. 
 
 SIDELONG. 
 
 sidle : * obliquo incessu progredi. 
 
 siege : 1. oppugnatio (most gen. 
 and comprehensive term, but implying 
 active attack (j/' o place) : com erning s.s 
 of towns, (as a branch of the military 
 art), de oppidorum o., Cic. de Or. . . 48, 
 210: Liv.: to raise a s., o. dimitiere, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 17; omittere, id. B. C. j.
 
 BIEGE-WORKS 
 
 SIGHT 
 
 SIGNAL 
 
 24 (obsessionem o.): relinquere, Tac. A. 
 15, 16. Also tb» verb oppuguo may 
 often expr. the tubs. : the s. of Saguntum 
 began...., S. oppugnari coeptum est, 
 Liv. 21, 15 the s. of Saguntum had 
 already begun, S. jam oppagnabatur, ib. 
 c. "). 2. obsldio, obsessio (which de- 
 note sitting dinim before a place and 
 investing it witliout active attack) to 
 compel an enemy to raise Vie s. of a 
 place, (urbem) obsidione liberare, Cafs. 
 B. G. 4, 19 : V. nixx-'KADE. 3. later, 
 obsldium, in same sense : Tac 4. 
 circumsessio {hostile investment : rare) : 
 Cic. F b r. . to lay s. to, oppiignare : 
 more fully, (urbem) operibiis oppugnare, 
 Liv. j"7, 5; [hardly oppiignationem in- 
 ferre In this sense, though it may be 
 used with noii-milit. meaning : cf. Cic. 
 Coel. 9, init.], obsidere (v. to block- 
 ade)- circumsedCre (to invest), Liv. 21, 
 10. Relating to s.s: — (1.) oppugnatorius 
 [serving for attach of tovns) -. I have 
 now to speak of s. vorlcs, restat mihi de 
 appugnatoriis rebus (dicere), Vitr. 10, 12 
 .'18). (2.) obsidionalis, e : esp. in 
 
 phr. corona obsidionalis (crown given 
 to a general lor saving a city from s. 
 or bUxkade), Gcll. 5, 6. 
 
 siege-works : opera, n, pi. ; to in- 
 vest a place u-ith regular s., (urbem) 
 ^peribus munitionibusque sepire, Cic. 
 Ph. 15, 9 : so, opera et machinao, Liv. 
 J7, 5, extr. i f only the engines of attack 
 tie meant, machinae (machinationes, 
 also res) oppugnatoriae, cf. Vitr. 10, 
 12(18). 
 
 sierra: • monies rontinui quorum 
 summa juga tanquam serrae formani 
 praeben t. 
 
 siesta : m?ridiatio (mid-day rest) : 
 Cic. Div. 2, 68, 141. To take a s., men- 
 diare. Suet Cal. j8 : Cat. : also as v. dep., 
 meridian, Cels. 
 
 sieve (subs.) .- cribrum : you must 
 pass (the chfese) through a s., per c. facito 
 transeat, Cato, K. R. 'j6: a fines., c. tenue, 
 tf. Plin. 18, II, 27 : also, c. arctum, an- 
 gustum, id. : or, c. subtile (v. fine) : to 
 pour vater into a s. (Prov.), imbrem j 
 faquam] in c. gererc. Pi. Ps. 1,1, 100. 
 Dimin. 1 cribellum (a small s.), Pall. : 
 a s.-maker, cribrarius. Gloss. 
 
 sieve ("•) •* v. sift. (See also sieve, 
 subs.) 
 
 sift: I. Lit.- 1. cribro, i: 
 Col. 12, 51 : Plin. 2. expr. by cri- 
 brum, with a verb • e. g. cribro cernere, 
 subcemere, Plin. 18, 11,29,} "J- "'*" 
 perh. cribro excutere, cf. ib. } 108 
 (cribra excussoria). ||. Fig. : to 
 
 examine carefully : e.xpr. by explo- 
 rare, scrutari, perscrutari, with intensive 
 adov., as diligenter, subtilissime scru- 
 tari. etc 
 
 sifting (subs.) : expr. by verb : v. 
 preced. art, 
 
 siftings: •• *- u-hat is sifted out: 
 excreta, oruni (e. g. trilici). Col. 8, 4, 
 init. ; allied also, excrementa, Ib. c. 5, 
 extr. (Or expr. by verb . quod excerni- 
 tur, excretuin est.) 
 
 sigh (sidis.) : 1. suspirium : Cic. : 
 to fetch a deep s., alte petere s., PI. Cist. 
 I, I, 56: s. ducere [ab imo pectoie], Ov. 
 M. 10, 402 trahere, ib. 2, "jjj- 2. 
 suspiratus, us : al. -Itus (the act of fetch- 
 ing a s., s.ing) .- Cic. Att. i, 18, 4 (qnem 
 nemo., sine suspiratu aspicere posset): 
 to fetch a s., s. haurire, Ov 3. gCml- 
 tus, lis (a very deep s., a groan) : v. 
 GROAN. To heave or fetch a s., sus- 
 pirare : v. foil. art. 
 
 sigh (v.) : 1. suspiro, i : to s. rery 
 deeply, s. ab imis pectoribus, Ov. M. 2, 
 655 : Cic. To s. for any one, susplrare 
 in aliquo, -qua, Ov. F. 1,417: Cat. 2. 
 expr. by phr. susplria petere, ducere, 
 trahere (with which the seat from which 
 the s.u draum should be expr.); v. sigh, 
 *••''*• 3, g6mo, inggmisco • v, to 
 
 OBOAN. 
 
 sighing (subs.) : suspiratus v. sigh. 
 
 Sight (subs.) ■ |. The act or sense 
 of seeing : 1. visus. us to impinge 
 upon the eyes and excite the sense of 
 i., ocLlos ferire v.que lacessere, Lucr. 4, 
 117 : (a t>ody) revealed by s. and touch, 
 
 visu tactuque manifestum, Quint I, 4, 
 20: to tte deprived of s., visu privari, 
 Wyttenb. in Kr 2. tiie sense, sf-nsus 
 videndl- Cic. de Or. 2, 87. 157 (sensus 
 atemmus ex omnibus sensibus est sen- 
 sus videndi): so, sen^us oculorum, id. 
 iJiv. I, j2, 71. 3. a>pectus, us (strictly 
 in relation to an object, s., as engaged 
 in liKiking at something : freq. in Cic, 
 who avoids the use of vlsus) : all things 
 which are objects of s., i. e visible, quae 
 sub aspectum veniunt id. de Or. 2, 87, 
 ?;8 : cf. Id. Tusc. I, JO, 7?, where as- 
 pectum amittere is applied to those who 
 from fixing the eyes upon the sun have 
 I ecome ihcapable of seeing anything : 
 the taste, smell, s. of fruit, pomorum 
 gustatus, odoratus, a., id. N. I). 2, 6j, 
 158. 4. meton. : 6culus, Ociili : to 
 lose the s. of one eye, (alterum) oculum 
 amittere, Cic. Dlv. i, 24. 48: altero oculo 
 capi, Liv. 22, 2. extr. : the s. of his right 
 eye was always defective, nunquani de.\- 
 Iro o. aeque bene usus est, Nep. Han. 4 : 
 to hare remarkably keen s., oculos acres 
 atque acutos habere. Cic. PL 27, 66 (fig. 
 sense). 5. Scies. el (strictly, keen- 
 ness of s.) : more fully, acles oculorum ; 
 unimpaired (goodness oj) s., incoluniis 
 a., id. Kin. ;, 28, 84 (opp. to ai' citas, 
 blindness) : to etude (the keenest) s., a. 
 fugere, id. 'I'usc. i, 22, 50- the fuller 
 form should be used where any ambi- 
 guity might arise : cf. Caes. B. G. 1, jg. 
 Phr.: ^o have as keen s. as Lynceus, 
 oculis tantum quantum Lynceus con- 
 tendere posse, cf. Hor. Ep. I, I, 28: tarn 
 perspicacem esse quam Lynceus fuit (v. 
 .sHARp-siGHTKi)) : not to have very good 
 s., (oculis) parum ac ute (dare) cernere : 
 v. TO SKE. II. View, range of s. : 
 1, conspectus, us: to be carried 
 out of s. of land, e c. terrae auferri, 
 Liv. 29, 27 : to come into any one's s., 
 alicui in c. prodire. Ter. Ph. 2, 4, j ■ 
 dare se in c. alicui, ib. 2, i, ji. 2. 
 aspectus, us (rare in this sense) : the 
 circles which bound our s., orbes qui a. 
 nostrum definiunt, Cic Div. 2, 44. 92. 
 P U r. : to live in the s. of one's fellow- 
 countnjmen (in publicity and popu- 
 larity), in oculis civium vivere. Cic. Off 
 ;, I, J : to get a s. of any one (earning 
 within view iiithe dt'.stance), coiispicari 
 aliquem, Liv. 2, 20, init.: Caes.: Sail, 
 (not conspicere in this sense). |||, A 
 look, notice from seeing : aspectus : at 
 first s. [contrasted nith fuller knou- 
 ledge'], primo a., Cic. N. D. 2, jj, 90 (not 
 conspectus in this sense) : somewhat 
 different is Br. 64, 200, iion assidens et 
 attente audiens sed uno uspectu et prae- 
 teriens de oratoie judical, i. e. at the very 
 first glance, with a single look. Phr.: 
 to kiimv any one by s., aliquem de facie 
 nosse, Cic. Pis. }2, 81 : at first s., prima 
 specie (lit. from the first appearance of 
 a thii,g. objectively : whereas primo 
 aspect u [v. supr."] refers to the act of 
 looking at it, subjectively), Cic. Fin. 4, 
 22, 61 : also, prima fronte. Quint. 7, i, 
 56 (better than prima facie, which, how- 
 ever, occurs Gai. Inst. 4, i"|: a thing 
 wins our affection at first s., aliquid 
 statim conspectum voliintif m coiiclliat 
 amoremqueadJunglt,Murct. (K.and A.): 
 to pay at s., or in cash, repraesentare 
 pecunias, Cic. Att. 12, 25. |V. J^'Ot 
 which is seeii : 1, spectacflluni : a 
 pretty s., lepldum s., PI. Poen. ), i, extr. : 
 a splendid s., mapnificum s.. Liv. 10. 40 : 
 v srECTACLE, .SHOW. 2. specie.s ei 
 (appearance, pihcmmienmi) . novel and 
 nnwonted «., nova atque inusitata s., 
 Caes. B. G. 2, ji v api-eakaxoe. 3. 
 fades, 5i: a comely s., decora f., Plin. 
 Pan. 56: Sil. 4. peril, aspectus: 
 
 cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 29, 7;, audionis vero 
 miserabilis aspectus, i. e. it was a piti- 
 able s. (yet the word lias not even here 
 strictly an objective force). 5. expr. 
 by verb or phr. . o frightful s., (acies) 
 visu tor%'a, Tac. G Ji piteout s. ! 
 miserabile visu ! Virg. Aen. i. iii here 
 a still more siirprisitig s. meets our eyes, 
 hie aliud niajus (nobis) objicitur, ib. 2, 
 199 what more delightful s. can there 
 be / quid potest esse aspectu pulcbrius i 
 
 Cic. Sen. 15, 5J : b;/ this unexpected fc, 
 quo repentino objictu vi»o. Nep. Han. 5 
 (avoid, however, the use of objeclus 
 alone = species) : ah me. what a t. uxu 
 he! hei roihi. qualis erat ; Virg. Aen. 
 2, 274 : what sadder s. did I see... .' 
 quid vidi crudeliun ? ib. 746. 
 
 sight ('■ ) ■ consplcor, 1 : S»1L : Liv. ; 
 V. pi«-.i-,l. art. (IL). 
 
 sightliness : decora t. venu8ta 
 species: decora facies, etc.: v. comeu- 
 
 NESS, BEACTV. 
 
 sightly : venustus. decOrus, pulcher, 
 
 form(jsu.s, etc. : v. hfc<»ii>c, BEAtTTiFL'L. 
 
 sign (*«''*■) •• I. Mark, indication : 
 
 1. U.SU. equiv. signum: (WujrAin^) 
 the s. of nuKleftv, s. pudoris, Ter. Andr. 
 5. }> 7 : the s.s (sympt"ms) are in favour 
 oJ recovoy. s. esse ad salutem, ib. J, 2. 
 2. foil, by ace. and inf. : t. that a thing 
 is so and so, Nep. Att 17. 2. indi- 
 cium (si/mething nhuh luituraVy perintt 
 to a cetiain conclusion, whereas signum 
 may denote a thing in itself |)urely 
 arbitrary): ga and traces of pois'/ning, 
 indicia et vestigia veneni, Cic. Clu. 10, 
 JO: v. PKO<jp. 3. insigne. is, n. (usu. 
 denoting some outvard Ijadge or mark, 
 always something com-picujous) : cf. Cic. 
 de Or. J, j;, ijj, quod erat insigne, eian 
 qui ita faceret, facere. . ..where it refers 
 to a man advertising himself by walk- 
 ing in the forum : v. mark. 4. "ota : 
 V. MARK. 5. vestigium : v. trace. 
 
 6. often expr. by simple gen., 
 after esse : are these the sj of madneu f 
 suntne haec delirantis bominis? L. G. 
 $ 266. See also peciliar, proper (to). 
 II. A signal, intimation : signum : 
 Sail.: V. SIGNAL. Also perh. nutns, us 
 (lit. nod) : cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 2j, ad nu- 
 tum = at the slightest s. or expression 
 of command. |||. A portent, presage: 
 monstrum, portentum, ostentum, etc. ■ 
 V. PORTENT, OMEN. Also less freq. sig- 
 num : Cic. Div. I, j;, 77. |V. if a 
 shop: insigne, is, n. : cf. supr. (1. 3). 
 V. Astronomical : signum • Ae s. 
 of l.eo, Leonis s., Cic. Div. i, 5J, 121 : 
 Virg. G. I, 2j9(obliquu8signorumordo): 
 Lucr.: Hor. (I'he word has not, how- 
 ever, the strictly limited sense of the 
 Kng.) See also cossteli.ation. (In 
 G. I, 2 J 2, the tuelve s.s of the zodiac are 
 called duodena astra.) 
 
 sign (u.) : \. To give a s. or signal 
 to : annuo, signum do : v. to signal, 
 SIGNIFY, beckon. ||, To put one't 
 signature to a document: 1. sub- 
 scribo, J : to s. (a death u-arrant), ex 
 more s.,Suet. Ner. 10 : to s. the accounts, 
 rationes s.. Dig. J5, i. 82 : better ralioni- 
 bus s.,cf. Ulp ib. 2, I J, 6, } i. 2. sig- 
 no, 1 (to ratify by signature and seal): 
 to s. (and seal) a will, testamenlum 
 s., Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 8 : v. TO seal. 3. 
 sometimes, when the authorising of a 
 public att is denoted, c.\pr. by scribendo 
 adfuere (indicating n Ao were jyrefent at 
 the drawing up of the said act), SS. CC. 
 in Cic. Fam. 8, 8. P h r. : to s. (mt?t 
 name to a letter, nomeii epistolae iiotare, 
 Flor. 2, 12. 10. See also to sfkaribe. 
 
 signal (subs.) .- 1. signum : to 
 
 give a s.. s. dare. Sail. Cat. 18 also, in 
 millt. sense (for battle), signa canere, id. 
 Jug. 99 (but the constr. is exceptional : 
 V. infr. 3) : the shepherd's s. (for call- 
 ing Vie fiocks home), pastorale s.. Col. 6. 
 2 J (pastoral! s. quasi receptui canitur); 
 Virg. Aen. 7, 512 (p. signum dea canit). 
 
 2. classiiuiii ^nillit. s.. given try 
 sound of trumpet) : the cotisul summons 
 the mett l/y s. [sound of trumpet) to his 
 tent, consul cla.ssico ad praeiorluni con- 
 vwat Liv 7. j6: esp. in phr. classicum 
 canit (= the s. is given), lb 28, 17 : less 
 freq. classicum canitur. Caes. B.C. J.82. 
 For classicum, also Nllicum t)ccurs Cic. 
 Jlur. 14. JO 0'«"ii'"" canere, <rari«.) : 
 Liv. 3. expr to gire a s. (in milit 
 t. t ), by cano, cfdnl, cantum, j (used 
 both as V. inlrans. Aud tians.): (Uat- 
 drtibal) soundeil the s. for retreat, re- 
 ceptui cecliilt. Liv. 27, 47 befi're the t. 
 for bottle nas giveti (lit. sounded or 
 7-a?i<; out), priusijuam signa ranerent, 
 Liv! 1, i, mtd. : SalL 4. insigne, ift
 
 SIGNAL, 
 
 SILENT 
 
 SIMILARITY 
 
 n.: cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 20, vexiUum [a red 
 fiag'j proponenduni quod erat iiiiigne, 
 quum ad arrna concuiri opoiteret (s. to 
 prepare for a battle) : the actual s. for 
 battle being denoted by the foil, clause, 
 signum tuba dandnm : cf. id. B. C. i, 89, 
 vexlUo siguum dare : a night s., noctur- 
 num i., Liv. 29, 25. (N.B. — The word 
 insigne is best suited to denote any con- 
 spicuous signal, esp. one of a special 
 kind, as in the places referred to.) 
 H h r. : to give a s. by kindling fire, 
 ignibus significalionem facere, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, jj : cf. Cic. Verr. 5, ;;, 9;, prae- 
 donum adventum signiticabat ignis e 
 specula sublatus : to give the s. for d-- 
 camping (by pulling vp the standards), 
 signa convelli jiibere, Cic. I )iv. I, J5, 77 : 
 on the part of the men, the s. was a 
 general shout, cf. vusa cimclaniare, Cans. 
 B. C. I, 66 : to fire a gun as a s. of dis- 
 tress, *tormento periculi sigaiflcationem 
 facere (K. anl A.). 
 
 signal (w.) : signum dare, significare, 
 etc. : V. preced. art. Jf by a gesture, as 
 waving the hand, manu significare : by 
 beckoning, annuere : v. to nod, bkckon. 
 
 signal {.adj.) : 1. insignis {speci- 
 ally marked and striking") .- a s. ca- 
 lamity, i. calamitas, Caes. B. G. i, 12: 
 Cic: V. KEMARKABLE. 2. egrggius 
 {standing out from the rest) : your s. 
 Jidelity, e. tua fides, .Sail. C. J5 : a s. 
 victory, e. victoria, Liv. 2, 47. 3. 
 sometimes maguus may serve : a s. 
 punishment, magnum exemplum, Tac. 
 
 A. 14. 14: so, documenta maxima, Cic. 
 Mil. 8,/'n. 4. nobilis, e. v. famous. 
 
 5. iusignitus- s. disgrace, i. igno- 
 minia, Kiv. 7, 15: Tac. 
 
 signalize: Phr, : (a field) in 
 which to s. himself, in quo virtus enite- 
 scere posset. Sail. C. 54 (v. to shine 
 FORTH) . to be s.d by a defeat of the 
 Romans, ex calamitate P. R. nomen 
 capere [et raemoriam prodere], Caes. 
 
 B. G. I, Ij: v. TO DISTINGUrSH. 
 
 signally : insignile, insigniter, egre- 
 gie : v. rkmarkablt. Phr. : to defeat 
 «., (hostes) maximo proelio devincere, 
 Cic. 
 
 signatory : v. sihnitart. 
 
 signature : nomen : v. to sign. To 
 append one's s., subscribere ; ib. 
 
 signer : expr. by verb : v. to sign. 
 
 signet : signum : v. SEAL. 
 
 -ring : annulus (anulus) signa- 
 
 torius : Val. Max. 8, 14, 4. Usu. simply 
 annulus : Cic. Ac. 2, 26, 85 (sigilla anulo 
 imprimere): PI. 
 
 significance : significatio, vis, etc. : 
 V. MEANING. F h r. : full of s., signifi- 
 cans (of language, clear : telling its tale 
 expressively) : v. significant. 
 
 significant: 1. signif leans: s. 
 
 words, s. verba. Quint, ti, i, 2: Plin. 
 2. argiitus (appealing in a lively 
 nwmner to perception) : cf. Cic. Div. 2, 
 12, 29, vel argutis.-ima exta, the most 
 plainly s. of all viscera : icho more s. 
 (striking) in his apophthegms ? quis in 
 •ententiis argiitior? Cic. Br. 17, 6;. 
 Phr.: what more s. token of affection 
 could be given f *qui posset clarius 
 (insignitius) enitescere amor? quae res 
 posset magis amorem significare atque 
 declarare? it is a s.fact..., *dignum 
 memoria est, qucd. . . 
 
 significantly : signifjcanter (ra- 
 pressively): Cic: Quint. Or. expr. by 
 verb : he looked s. at him, " intuitus est 
 (in) cum, quasi aliquid significare vellet : 
 vultu argutissimo (in) eum intuitus est. 
 
 signification ; significatio : v. 
 
 MEANING. 
 
 significative: index, icis, c. ; cf. 
 Cic. C. Kal). 6, 18, quin continetis vocem, 
 indlceni stultiiiae vestrae! Or expr. by 
 verb : the eyebrows are chiefly s. of 
 disdain, supercilia maxime indicant 
 fastum, Plin. 11, {7, 51 (factum, Jahn): 
 V. to indicate, signify. 
 
 signif : \. To make a sign to : 
 1, signlfico, I ; Join, significare 
 et annuere, Cic. Verr. j, 91, 212: they 
 raited their hands and s.'d that thei/sur- 
 rendered, manus toUere, dedilionem 
 significare, Caes. B. G. 7, 40. 2. an- 
 746 
 
 nuo, i: V. TO beckon. 3. dflceo, 2: 
 v. to point ouTj inform. II. To be- 
 token : 1, signif ko, I : many vords 
 formerly s.'d something different from 
 wluit they now mean, multa verba aliud 
 nunc oslendunt. aliud ante significa- 
 bant, Varr. L. L. 5, i, } : Cic. 2. 
 v61o, }, irr. with dat. of pron. reft, (to 
 have a certain drift or scope) ; Cic. : v. 
 To MEAN (II., 1). 3. valeo, 2 (to have 
 a ceiiain force): v. to mean (11., 3). 
 4. sono, ui, itum: fut. part, -atii- 
 rus, I : to differ in name but really to s. 
 Vie same, verbo discrepare, re unum s., 
 Cic. Off. ;, 21, 8 J. 5, expr. by vis, 
 significatio, etc.; v. meaning. |||, 
 To portend : signlfico, portendo, etc. : 
 V. TO FOREBODE. |V. To 'oe of im- 
 portance : expr. by ini6rest, refert : v. 
 imfortance (I., fin.). 
 
 signior : v. seignior. 
 
 signitary : Vhr.-. the s.s to a treaty, 
 *ii qui inter se foedus pacemque fec- 
 erunt. 
 
 silence (subs.) .- sllentium (stillness, 
 where rwthing is said : applicable either 
 10 persons or inanimate things): having 
 obtained s. by sound of trumpet, quuin 
 s. classic© fecisset, Liv. 2, 45 : to attend 
 in s., cum B. animadvertere, Ter. Heaut. 
 prol. 44 : to pass over in s., silentio prae- 
 terire, Cic. SuU. 71, fin. : in profound s., 
 magno s., id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, init. : in tfie s. 
 of night, sUentio noctis, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 j6: to observe long s., diutumo s. uti, 
 Cic. Marc. init. Poet.: oft. pi. for 
 the metre : to keep s., silentia tenere, Ov. 
 M. I, 206. (N.B. — Not tacitumitas: 
 which denotes habitual reserve and un- 
 willingness to speak.) To keep s., tacere, 
 silere : v. silent, to be. Phr.: I can- 
 not pass this over in »., hoc tacitus nullo 
 modo praeterire possum, Cic. Marc. init. 
 
 silence (exclam.): tace, quin taces, 
 etc. : V. HUSH. 
 
 silence ("■) •• |. L i t. : «o cause s. .- 
 Phr.: silentium facere (v. sii.knce, 
 subs.) : to s. applause by waving the 
 hand, manu murmura [clamoresj com- 
 primere, Ov. M. i, 206. So fig., to s. 
 conscience, conscientiam comprimere, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 17,54. ||, To put to s., 
 by rebuke or refutation : 1. confiito, 
 I (to put doun by words) : I ivould s. 
 those fellOKS rcho now find fault with 
 me', ego istos qui nunc me culpant con- 
 futaverim ! PI. i'ruc. 2, j, 28 : the 
 mastei- was s.d icith his own argument, 
 magister suo sibi argumento confuiatus 
 est, Gell. 2. rgfiito, i (with ref. to 
 arguments; tobeat back and overtliroiv) -. 
 V. to refute. 3. contundo, tudi, 
 tusum, J (to beat back and confound by 
 force) : to s. the proud menace of kings, 
 tumidas regum minas c, Hor. Od. 4, j, 
 8 : Cic Join: (calumniam) obterere 
 et contundere, Cic. Caec. 7, 18. 4. 
 comprimo. pressi, ssum, } (to check and 
 control) : ct. Cic. Mur. 11, 24. tribunicios 
 furores diceiido comprimere : he s.d their 
 entreaties by quiet firmness, preces tacl- 
 turna sua obstinatione compressit, Nep. 
 Att. 12: V. to check. 5. expr. j>ass. 
 by contlcesco, ticui, ? : cf. Cic. Cat. }, 5, 
 10, conscientia convictus repente coii- 
 ticuit. 
 
 silent: 1. tacitns (not speaking): 
 Cic: Hor.: pass. 2. tiiciiumus 
 (habitually s. : not fond of talking : oft. 
 of things, quiet, noiseless): s. firmness, 
 t. obstinatio, Nep. Att. 22: s. (noiseless) 
 stream, t. amnis, Hor. ; Prop. 3. 
 
 silens, ntis (hushed and still) : Virg. : 
 Ov. : v. STILL, adj. To be s. : — (1.) ta- 
 ceo, 2 (not to speak : both intrans., and 
 with ace. of neut, pron. : not to speak 
 about anj'thing) : did you think I would 
 be s. about matters so important f an me 
 taciturum taiitis de rebus existimavislis? 
 Cic Verr. Act. i, 9, 27 : what did she 
 say, or what did she keep s. ? quid dixit 
 aut quid tacuit? Hor. Kpod. 5, 49. And 
 poet, with any other word as direct 
 object : Ov. M. i J, \;') (ut alios taceam). 
 Incept, conticesco, ticui, j (to become s. : 
 esp. but not solely, of a number of per- 
 sons together becoming s., as in Virg. 
 A£ii. 2, I): Cic. (Beticeo, 2, is U8U. to 
 
 keep something secret, imthhold infor- 
 mation v. To keep back : less freq 
 to be s. again, as in the case of a speaker 
 pausing from time to time: Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 57, 2J2.) (2.) sileo, ui, 2 (to be 
 hushed and still) ; v. still, to be. 
 Also = not to speak (of) : to be s. about 
 a thing, de aliqua re s., Cic. Div. 2, jo, 
 fin.: and with direct ace; Hor. Od. i, 
 12, 21 (neque te silebo : but prose would 
 require de te: a neut. pron. may how- 
 ever be used, as in the case of taceo : v. 
 L. G. i 25J). 
 silently : 1. tacite : to ask s., 
 
 (speechlessly, without speaking), t. ro- 
 gare, Cic. Man. 5, u : the s. gliding year, 
 t. labens annus, Ov. F. i, 65 : Liv. 2. 
 expr. by tacitus (in agr. with subject; 
 L. G. 5 J4;) : they s. saw what was crnn- 
 ing to pass, taciii ventura videbant, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 125 : if I must die s.. si 
 mori taciturn oportet, Liv. 40, q. 3, 
 silentio, cum silentio (in s., with sdent 
 attention): v. silence. 
 
 silentness; perh. pi. of silentium: 
 v. silence. 
 
 silhouette; obliqua imago; v. FBO- 
 filf.. 
 
 siliciousi sUicls naturam habens: 
 
 V. FLINT. 
 
 silk (subs.): 1. expr. by sericus, 
 a, um : parti-coloured (wreaths) made of 
 s., e veste s. versicolores, Plin. 31, j, 8. 
 The neut. is also used to denote silken 
 fabric or silken goods : the clioicest s.s, 
 prima s., Mart. 11, 27 (28), 11: Prop. 
 2. bombyx, ycis, c. (strictly the s.- 
 worm ; used meton. for the fabric or 
 silken goods) : Assyrian s., Assyria b., 
 Plin. 1 1, 2}, 27 : Prop. (b. Arabius, 
 2, J, 15). 
 
 silk ladj i !• sericus- v. 
 
 silken 5 .1 preced. art. Hence, 
 
 clothed in s. attire, sericatus. Suet. CaL 
 52. 2. sericeus (rare): s. banners, 
 s. vexilla, Flon 3. bombycinus: s. 
 attire, b. vestis, Plin. 11, 22, 26. Xeut. 
 pi., bonibycina = s. garments. Mart. 
 
 silk -dealer: perh. sericarlns (R. 
 and A.). 
 
 -mill ; perh. sericaria (sc. of- 
 
 ficina). 
 
 -worm ; bombyx, ycis, c. (usu. 
 
 m.): Plin. II, 2?, 27. 
 
 silky: *raolli natura, qualisbomby- 
 cinorum (sericorum) solet esse. 
 
 sill: limen inferum (ofadxw): PI. 
 Muc 5, I, I. Window s., perh. inm 
 fenestra (in Phaedr. i, ij, i, fenestra 
 alone = xi-indow-s.). 
 
 silliness: stultitia, fatuitas, etc.: v. 
 FOOLISHNESS. In Concrete seiise.iueptiae, 
 arum : away with such old woman's s. J 
 pellantur istae i. aniles ! Cic. Tusc i, 
 
 39. 9?- 
 
 silly : stultus, fatuus, ineptus (esp. 
 as descriptive of things or a person's 
 conduct), etc. : v. foolish. 
 
 silt (".) •• Phr.: the mouth of the 
 river is alraost s.'d up, * fluvii os paene 
 limo oppletum, occupatum est (fluvii 
 OS limus paene occupavit, opplevit). 
 
 silvan : v. sylvan. 
 
 silver (subs.) ; argentum (denoting 
 either the metal itself or manufa£tured 
 s.. as plate, money) : passim. 
 
 silver (adj.) : argenteus : s. foil, a. 
 bracteae, Plin. }j, 7, Jl : Cic. 
 
 silver ("•) •• argento inducere : v. to 
 cover, overlay. Chiefly in p. part. 
 silvered : argentatus (covered or plated 
 withs.): PI.: Liv. 
 
 silver-leaf; bractea argentea: v 
 SILVER, adj. 
 
 -mine : 1. argentifodina (or 
 
 as two words) : Varr. L. L. 8, } J, 62 : 
 Plin. 2. argentarium metallum : Plia 
 }}, 5, 26. (From Varr. 1. c the former 
 would appear to have been the usual 
 expr.) 
 
 — —-smith: faberargentarius: Pig. 
 
 silvery ; argenteus : s. hue, a. color, 
 Ov. M. 10, 21 J : so, a. ales, lb. 2, 5?6. 
 S. locks, perh. argentea canities : v. grey. 
 
 similar : slmilis : often Joined to 
 and strengthi-ned by par: v. like. 
 
 similarity : simiuiudo ; later, vici- 
 
 D.tas: v. RESEMBLANCF,. Phr.: s. 0/
 
 S I M I J, A It L V 
 
 S I N C E 
 
 SINCERITY 
 
 Uuttt, consengio studioram : (. of cAo- 
 racte.r, moruni coiigruentia : v. agbee- 
 
 HENT, HAKMONV. 
 
 similarly ; 1. similiter : Join: 
 similiter .itque uno modo (of a mimi>- 
 tonous delivery), C\c. Br. 66, 2JJ- toll- 
 by atque (ac), id. I'h. i, 4, 9. 2. pa- 
 riter (in a mantier so as to match) : cf. 
 id. Or. 12, )8, tit pariter extrema termi- 
 nentur (should end s. ; of purallL-l seii- 
 teuces). 3. simili s. pari modo - v. 
 UKK, adj. 
 
 simile : translatio (ti-ansiatum), sTnil- 
 
 litudo; V. FKJUUK, KUiUKATIVE. 
 
 similitude : v. simile. 
 simmer: loiue fervgre: V. TO BOH. 
 simnel : * senus placentae quod 
 medio (lie C^iiadragesimae comeditur. 
 simoniacal : v. mmo.nv. 
 
 simony : * simonia : Scrr. Eccl. : 
 muneruni ecclesia.siicorum nuiidinalio 
 (Kr.). To be guilty of s., miinera eccle- 
 siastica nundinari (Kr). 
 
 simoom: *ventus aestifer ac pestl- 
 leutus qui simoom dicitiir. 
 
 simper : I'hr. .- Inepte ridere ; v. 
 
 TO LACGH. 
 
 simple (adj.): I. Not complex: 
 simplex, icis : opp. concretus ex piuribus 
 naturls (compound), Cic. N. I). 3, i^, 
 init. : opp. copulutiis, id. Fat. i j, 30 
 (where the relen nee is to absolute and 
 related proposiiimis) : Ter. ||. yot 
 elaborate: 1, simplex: Hor. 6d. t, 
 5, 5: s.food, s. esea, id. S. 2, 2, 7}: s. 
 cibus, Plin. II, 5J, 117. Join: simplex 
 atque inaffectatus, Quint. 9, 4, 17. 2. 
 rudis (unpolished) : Join: rudia et in- 
 composiUs similia (dicere), yuint. 1. c. : 
 V. EUDE. 3. inconditus (put togetlier 
 tirithout art) : s. strains, i. rarmina, l,iv. 
 4, 20, init. : Cic. |||, Artless, free 
 from guile and suspicion : 1, simplex ; 
 Join: (vir)apertuset simplex, Cic. Rep. 
 J, 16; 8. forlisque (of a blunt outfpolci:n 
 character), Hor. S. 1, 3, 52: niliil sim- 
 plex, nihil sincerum, Cic. Att. 10, 6. 
 2. sincerus: v. sincere, frank. 
 IV. Wea'c-minded : iiieptus : v. 
 FOOLISH. (Hebetiuris ingenii, R. and A.) 
 Phr. : I am not so s. as to believe, non 
 is sum qui creilam, ib. Sometimes cre- 
 dulus may be the right word: cf. Virg. E. 
 9, J4, non ego creilulus illis, I am nut so 
 $. as to believe t/iem: al.so Hor. Od. i, 5, 
 9, qui nunc te fruitur creilulus (.sim/j/e 
 youth .') aurea. V. ^hrer, witlwut 
 
 qualificatii/n : merus, germanus : v. 
 
 SHEEK. GENUINE. 
 
 simple (subs.) : usu. pi, simples : 
 herbae medicae s. mediclnales: v. medi- 
 cinal. 
 
 simple-minded: simplex^credulus, 
 etc.: V. siMi'i.K (IV'.). 
 
 simpleton : siultus, (atuus, Ineptus, 
 etc. : V. FcxjL. 
 
 simplicity : I. state of not being 
 compounded: simpllcitas : Lucr. i, 609. 
 Also simplex natura: v. simple (L). 
 II, J'laiiiniss, as opp. to elabora- 
 tion : perh. simplex cultus (v. simple, 
 II.) : he studied s. of attire twt without 
 elegance, * vestilu siraplici nee eo tanicn 
 minus elegaiui uUbauir : books ivritten 
 for children should be marked by s., 
 ■quae puerorum iu iisiini scribuntiir 
 siniplicia ac plana esse oportet. |||, 
 Artlessness, freedom from, guile : siin- 
 plicitas: the s. of an incautious youth, 
 8. jiivenis incaiiti, Liv. 40, 2J, tni<. : 
 Quint.: Ov. Phr. : old-fashioned coun- 
 try s., antiqua rusticitiis, Plin. Ep. i, 
 14, 4. IV, Folly : slulUtia, stupor, 
 
 (sometimes) crediilitas ; v. foolish- 
 ness, CREDULITY. 
 
 simplify : expr, by simplex with a 
 verb. I'hr.: to s. a difficult subject, 
 *rem perplesam impeilitamqui- ex- 
 planare et quasi slmpliciorem reddcre. 
 
 simply : I. in a simple manner ; 
 vHthout anything else being mixetl up : 
 simpliciter- Cic. de Or. }, 57, 149, (opp. 
 conjuiicte). Hence often = mt rely : 
 they had come s. Co sue for frienthkip, 
 e. ad amicitiam petendani vcnissent, 
 Liv. J4, 57. II. Without elaboration 
 or art: niiUo cultu (R. and A.); nullls 
 munditiis (esp. with ref. to dress) , nuUis 
 
 epularum lautitiis (with ref. to enter- 
 tainments) : V. REFINEMENT, ELEGANCE, 
 MAONnFiOEtJ<:E. P h r. : she dressed «., 
 alnuist in rustic style, * vestitu simplici 
 ac paene ruslico utebatur. |||, Otily, 
 merely: 1. simplici ler (u'iWiou J mia;- 
 ing up anything else) : v. supr. (I.). 
 
 2. solum, tantummOdo : v. only. 
 
 IV. foolishly : q. v, (.Sometimes 
 credulas may serve: v. simple, IV., 
 Phr. ; anil L. G. } J4?.) 
 
 simulate : simulo, i : v. to pre- 
 tend. 
 simulation : simuiatio : v. pbe- 
 
 TENCK. 
 
 simultaneous : expr. by simul, una 
 (together) ; uno (eodem) tempore, uno 
 (eodem) impetu, etc. : he ordered a s. 
 advance of the ivhole line, * totara aciem 
 uno atque eudem impetu progredi (pro- 
 cedcre) jussit : the stroke and tlie report 
 are strictly s., *fct ictus et sonitus plane 
 eodem temporis momento tiuiit : that 
 the destruction of the soul is s. uith tliat 
 of the body, cum corporibus simul animos 
 interire, Cia Am. 4. 14. S. equatimis, 
 *aequationcs simullaneae (quae dicun- 
 tur) ; or quae simul fiunt. 
 
 simultaneously : simul, una ; uno 
 atque eudt-m tempore : v. togetheb. 
 (See also preced. art.) 
 
 sin (subs.) : 1. peccatum (the pro- 
 per word lo denote moral u-rmxg in its 
 peculiar aspect, as presented in the 
 Scriptures and in theol. writings) : to 
 enact equal punishments for all s.s, pic- 
 catis poeuas aequas irrogare, Hor. S. 
 
 1, 3, n8: Cic: V'ulg. pass. 2. de- 
 lictum (also a somewhat grave term ; 
 an oti'ence) : to atone J or the s.s of fore- 
 fathers, d. patruin lucre, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 
 
 I : Cic. : V. offence. 3. piaciilum 
 (guilt and pollution towards the gods) : 
 V hat s. is incurred, quantum piaculi 
 comniittatur, Li;". 5, 52: without s., 
 sine p., ib. : Virg. 4. culpa (mild 
 
 teiin) : V. FAULT. See also ci'.die, 
 wickedness. To commit a s. or s.s, 
 peecure : esp. in such phrr. as, to comDiit 
 many s.s, multa peccare, Cic. Par. 3, 2, 
 2; : tvhat s. have I committed f quid 
 peccavi .' (cf. L. G.} 2;j). Esp. as impeis. 
 pass. : (in murdering a slave), one s. is 
 Committed, semel peccatur, Cic. Par. 1. c. 
 
 sin (>■'■) ■■ pecco, I : the (mere) incllnn- 
 tion to s., pecc;indi sola voluntas, Juv. 
 1 ?, 208 : Cic. : cf. preced. art Jin. (Scrr. 
 Eccl. pa.^s.) 
 
 sin-offering: piaculum: v. PRori- 
 TiATioN (11.). Ill slightly dilT. sense, 
 sacrificium piaculare, Liv. i, 26 (qui- 
 busdam piaculuribus s. factis, certain 
 rites of the nature of an atonement). 
 
 since (P''P) •• 1. ex, e (with 
 
 abl.) : esp. in such phrr. as, ex quo, ex 
 eo, evers. the time vhen Virg. Aen. 
 
 2, i6j and 169 (but though this constr. 
 is used by Liv., Caes. and Cic. alwaj's 
 express the subs. : cf. Cic. Quint. s,Jr)i., 
 itaque e.x eo tempore, res esse .... 
 coepit: ever s. the building of the 
 bridge had l>een begun, ex eo tempijre 
 qui) pons institui roeptus est, Caes. B. G. 
 4. 18). 2. a'>i a (with abl.; less pre- 
 cise in its lorce than ex, which latter 
 denotes imnv^diale sequence, whereas ab 
 simply gives a date): esp. with Jam, 
 inde, usque: ever s. that time, jam ab 
 illo tempore, Cic. Fam. 2, 16 : ever s. the 
 beginning of this empire, jam inde a 
 priiicipio hujus imperii, Cic. Prov. ij, 
 }; : Liv. : s. HomuUis lo the present day, 
 usque a Romulo, id. Vat. 8, 20: evers. 
 (I, he) uas a chihi, a puero, a parvulo, 
 etc.: cf. L. G. $ 589. 3. J>ost (with 
 ace.) : s. the creation of man, post 
 homines natos, Cic. Br. 62, 224 : so, post 
 genus hominum natuni, id. Bal. 10, 26. 
 See also since, conj. (1.). 
 
 since (adv.): 1. iibhinc (ago) : with 
 ace. or abl. : you uere quaestor four- 
 teen years s., quaestor fuisti a. annos 
 xlv., Cic. Verr. 2, i, 12, J4: with abl., 
 abhinc annis quattuor, id. R. Com. i ?, 
 init. (the aoc. appears to be more usual, 
 unless perhaps when a precise point ol 
 time is t« be iiidicateil). 2. expr. 
 for a long while s., by jamdudum, jam- 
 
 pridem (withpres. indie.): he has bee» 
 indoors long s., jamdudum est Intus, 
 
 I ri. As. J, }, 151 : cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 647, 
 
 , jampridem invisus divi> .... demoror. 
 L. (i. 5 J92, Obs. (.\ past trnse ma.v be 
 used with jampridem, when the' re- 
 
 I fereiice is emph.itically to past time : 
 cf. Cic. Cat. 1, I, 2, ad mortem le duci 
 jampridem oportebal, where oportet 
 could noi have stood, since that would 
 have implied a present obUgaiiim and 
 intinlion on the part of the speaker : 
 cf. Gk. i\(,riv.) 3. when a delinite 
 date is given, expr. by ante : six months 
 s., ante hos sex menses, I'haedr. i, i, 10. 
 since (conj.) .■ |, Temporal : L 
 expr. by quiim, with pres. ind. (when a 
 thing is still going on) : it is many years 
 s. he ivas first in my liebt [and lie Is 90 
 still], muiti amii sunt quum ille in meo 
 aere est, Cic. Fain, i;, 14. 2. postquam 
 (referring to a detiiiitely past event : 
 with perf. ind.) : s. you wetd away, 
 everything has been getting worse, 'post- 
 quam tu discessisti, omnia pejus ire 
 coeperunt (or, post discessum tuum, etc., 
 using verbal subs.) : cf. since, prep. (3). 
 3, expr. by ex quo temfvore: J haoe 
 not received a single letter from you s. 
 you started, ex quo tempore tu pro- 
 lectus es, nuUae mibi litterae luae 
 allaiae stmt: v. since, /)rep. (1). ||, 
 Logical: 1. quum (with su/y.) : s. ve 
 have in us reason .... it necessarily 
 
 folloirs quum sit in nobis con- 
 silium .... necesse est Cic. N. D. 
 
 z, Ji, 79: it pass. Strengthened, quippe 
 quum, Nep. pref ; utpote quum, Asin. 
 Poll, in Cic. Fain. 10, J2. 2. expr. by 
 quippe, with pron. rel. ; usu. with subj. : 
 (lie did not go to entertainments with 
 his fatlier), s. in fact he did not even 
 
 come ...., quippe qui ue quidem 
 
 veniret , Cic. R. Am. 18, extr. : also 
 
 with indie, when it m;iy usu. be ren- 
 dered aiul in fact. Similarly, utpOt^ 
 qui (as being one wlm: with indie, or 
 suhj.) : Cic. Ph. 5, 11, Jo. 3. qu6niam 
 (feeing that; usu. with indie.): where- 
 Jore, s. the matter has been brought to 
 this issue, quapropter, q. res in id dis- 
 crimen adducta est, Cic. Ph. 3, 11, 19: 
 tlpass. Riirely, with .5i(^j. ; accordingly, 
 s. he could not speak lor himself, his 
 
 brother itaque q. ijwe pro se dicere 
 
 non posset, fiater Nep. ^lili. 7. 
 
 (In Caes. B. G. 5, 3, the subj. pos.<ent 
 belongs to obliqua oratio.) 4. siqui- 
 dem ; v. seking that. 5. quand6- 
 quiilcm (with indie): s. you admire 
 those orators SO highly, q. tu istos ora- 
 lorcs t;intopere laudas, Cic Br. 44, 16} • 
 Liv. 6. also simply, quando: QuinU 
 12, 8, 5 (with indie): Ter. 7. P<«t- 
 quam (not class, in this sense): PL 
 
 sincere: 1. sincerus (unmixed, 
 unaduUtrated : rare in exactly sense of 
 Kng.) : i< illt s. good faith, s. fide, Liv. 
 ^9, 2, init. : a s. (honest and truthful) 
 narrator, reruni gestarum pronunilator 
 s.. Cic Br. 8j, 287. 2. simples, Icis 
 (very like sincerus : denoting the absence 
 of all guile and deception) : Join: 
 aperlus et simplex (outspoken aiui 
 frank), id. Rep. 3, 16. 3. virus (ixal. 
 'genuine): s. and perfect friendship, y 
 et perfecta amicltia, Cic. Am. 6, 22 : v 
 true, real. 4. candidus (honest, 
 frank, ingenuous): s. souls, c. animae. 
 Hor. S. I, 5, 41. 5. expr. by baud 
 (minime, haudquaquam) fucatus; fiuati 
 nihil in se habens: v. false, cororta- 
 
 FEIT. 
 
 sincerely: 1. sincere : Ter. ; Cic 
 Join: sincere et ex ammo [dicere], Ca.L 
 109, 4. 2. ex animo (from one's 
 
 h'urt): Join; ex animo ac vera 
 [dicere], Ter. Fun. 1. 1, 9? : cf. supr. (1). 
 Similar is. ex animi sententia (to the 
 best of one's knowUdge and jiuigment), 
 a forinula used in courts : Cic Acad. 2, 
 47, fin. 3. vcre : v. tbdlt. 4. sim- 
 pliciter (usu. /ranW;/V- I and you tallc 
 quite s. together, ego ac tu simplicissime 
 inter nos loquimiir, lac H. I, 15 . T. 
 FRANKLY. 5. apertc : v. frankly. 
 
 sincerity ; 1. sincerltas isound- 
 ness xcitliout admixturci in moral sense, 
 
 ■141
 
 SINECURE 
 
 SINISTER 
 
 SINK 
 
 INTEGRITX) ; V. SOUNDNESS. 2. S'ni- 
 
 plicitas . V. siMi'Licrrr, frankness. 
 Joint simplicitas, Veritas, candor, 
 Plin. Pan. 84, init. With s., v. sincerelv. 
 
 sinecure : perh. vacatio sub uomine 
 oflBcii. 
 
 sinew ; 1. nervus Clc. : Cels. : 
 to strain every s. ir"^ forth every 
 effort), omiies n. contendere, Cic. V'err. 
 Act. I, 12, }5; .so, nervos intendere, 
 Ter. Eun. 2, j, 20. Oft. fig., s.s 0/ war, 
 nervi belli (pecunia), Cic. Ph. 5, 2, ; ; 
 and with ref. to vigour of style, id. Or. 
 19, 62. Dimin., nervuliis ipIayfuUy), 
 Cic. Att. 16, 16, C. 2. peih. lacertus 
 (strictly, the muscle, of the upper part 
 of the arm : hence, fig., vervous or mus- 
 cular energy): cf. Cic. Br. 16, fin. : in 
 Lysia saepe sunt lacerti {such sinewy 
 vigour, force'), sic ut fieri nihil possit 
 valentius. 
 
 sinewy : nervosus : Lucr. : Plin. 
 F i g. = vigorous (esp. of expression) : 
 Cic. Br. ji, fm. S. vigour, nervi, la- 
 certi • V. preced. art. 
 
 sinful : 1. of persons only : pec- 
 cator, /. -trix (L. U. § 598) : s. soul, 
 peccatrix aninia. Prud. : s. race, p. gens, 
 Tert. Or expr. by circuml. with pec- 
 catuni, ppccare r a s. race, *gens peccatis 
 dedita, obnoxia : of actions : to be s., 
 * peccati naturam habere ; a s. intention, 
 peccandi voluntas, Juv. ; v. sin, to sin. 
 
 2. impius: v. impiods, wicked. 
 
 3. pravus • (man) by nature s., 
 naturaliter pravus et vitiosus, Calv. Jnst. 
 
 2, I, extr. : V. DEPRAVED, VICIOUS, COR- 
 RUPT. 4. n6fas, indecl. : in such phrr. 
 as. (aliquid) netas ducere, habere : Cic. 
 N. D. J, 22, 56. 
 
 sinfully : impie, improbe : v. wick- 
 edly. To act very s., delictum maxi- 
 mum in seadmittere; magnum piaculum 
 committere: v. to commit. 
 
 sinfulness : pravitas, impletas, etc. : 
 V. wickedness. 
 
 sing : 1. cano, c6cini, cantum, j 
 (used bo'h of vocal and ivstriimental 
 music) : to s. to the (accompaniment of 
 the) flute, ad tibiam c, Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 
 ; : to s. uell, praeclare c, ib. i, 2, 4 ; to 
 s. out of tune, absurde c, ib. 2, 4, fm. : 
 to s. in a wild screaming way, ululanti 
 voce c, id Or. 8, fn. Oft. as v. trans., 
 'o celebrate in song : to s. of kings and 
 hattles, reges et proelia c, Virg. E. 6, 5 : 
 Hot. pass. Comps. : (\). recino, j (no 
 {lerf. or sitp.) ; strictly, to s. again, to 
 'Cho back, as In Hor. Od. i, 12, j : also 
 = cano : ib j, 28, 1 1 (tu curva lyra 
 recines Latonam). (2). occino, j (to s. 
 against or inauspiciously ; as in augural 
 language) : Liv. 6, 41. Also without 
 any adverse sense : o. animalia inter se 
 (s. together, ansuering each other), Apul. 
 2. canto, I (sirictly/ccijNrti/.of cano, 
 but scarcely to be distinguished from it 
 in use ; unless perh. it be more confined 
 to the use of the voice in singing : it is 
 also used to denote a sing-song mode of 
 speaking: Quint, i, 8, 2) : tos. and play 
 agreeably and skilfully, c. et psallere 
 jucuiide scienterque. Suet. Tit. 3 : to s. 
 to the accompajiiment of a stringed in- 
 :>trument, ad chordarum sonum c, Nep. 
 Kp. 2. Oft. like cano, to celebrate in 
 song (with direct ace.) : Cic. Q, Fr. 2, i j : 
 Hor. romp, decanto, i (usu. of that 
 which is sung over and over again): 
 Hor.Od. I, jj, J. a\so,tohavedones.ing, 
 decantavisse, Cic. Tusc. ?, 22, ;j. Fre- 
 quent., cantlto, I (to s. frequently, be in 
 the habit of s.ing) • Cic. Br. 19, 75. 3. 
 cantillo, 1 (dimin. verb : to s. in a street 
 or warbling ivay : rare) : Apul. Also 
 for sing = celebrate, may be used, dico, 
 celebro, memoro, etc. : Hor. 
 
 singe : 1. Mflro, ssi, stum, J : to 
 S. the beard and hair iHth burning 
 walnut shells (in lieu of shaving), can- 
 dentibua juglandlum putaminibus bar- 
 bam et capillum a., Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58 : 
 Liv. 2. ambQro, ssi, stum, j (to burn 
 the outside of anything, without con- 
 suming it) s.d by the conflagration 
 which destroyed his associates (fig.), iu- 
 tendio socioriim anibustus, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 I, 27, 70. Phr.. to s. a pig, saeva, ex 
 748 
 
 tennibns lignis flammula facta, glabrare. 
 Col. 12, Shf'n. 
 
 singer : cantator, /. -tris (one in the 
 habit of singing) : Varr. : Mart. Or use 
 inipeif. part, of cano, canto (except in 
 num. si7ig.: L. (i. $658). (N.B. — The 
 part, form is correct if the sense is 
 simply a person or persons at the time 
 singing.) 
 
 singing (subs.) .- l. cantus, us 
 (including music of all kinds) : cf. Cic. 
 K. Am. 46, 1^4, c. vocum et nervorum 
 et tlbiarum .- (singing and playing on 
 instruments) : but where the word is 
 used absol., singing properly so calli-d 
 is understood : Quint. Or expr. by verb ; 
 esp. the gerund. : by s. (= incantation'), 
 cantando, Virg. E. 8, 71. 2. concentus, 
 lis (s. together) : Ov. F. 1, 15; (volucres 
 concentibus aera mulcent) . v. concert. 
 
 -master : cantandi magister : 
 
 but usu. magister will be definite 
 enough, from the context. Or expr. by 
 verb : rcho teas your s. ? quis te cantare 
 
 doCUit? V. to TEACH. 
 
 singing (arfj.) •• canorus: v.tuneful. 
 
 single (odj-) •• 1. vlnns, solus, iini- 
 cus : V. ONE, sole, ONLY. 2. singuliiris, 
 e (absolutely unique) : Cic. Tim. 4, meii., 
 tnundus s. atque unigena. Phr. . there 
 was not a s. soldier univounded, nemo 
 fuit omnino militum quin vulneraretur, 
 Caes. (R. and A.): *iiemo omnino miles 
 non vulneratus est : in s. combat, vir 
 unus cum viro congrediendd, Liv. }8, 
 17, med. (For singuli, v. singly; also, 
 
 ONE.) 
 
 single out ('^0 •• ellgo, lego, etc. 
 
 V. to pick OCT. 
 
 -combat: v. single,. /in. 
 
 -handed : P h r. : Ae stayed 
 
 the doicnfal of the state, as far as it 
 could be done by one man s., cadentem 
 remp., quamum modo una retrahi manu 
 poterat, retinuit. Sen. Const. Sap. 2, j. 
 See also singly'. 
 
 -stick : perh. rudis, is, /. (a sort 
 
 of staff used by soldiers and gladiators 
 for sujord-exercise) : Suet. Cal. }2 (ru- 
 dibus batuere) : Liv. : Clc. 
 
 singly : 1. singtilatim ; also spelt, 
 singillatim (sig-): Cic. : Ter. 2 expr. 
 by singQli, unus, solus : it would be more 
 honourable for you to liold (the land) 
 collectively than s., honestius eum vos 
 I universi quara singuli possideretis, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, JI, 85 : "tpftos. hast maintained 
 the cause of trut'h" (Wilton), *qui solus 
 pro veritate stetisti. 
 
 sing-song: canttcum: Cic. Or. 18, 
 57 • Quint. 
 
 singular: I. Of which there is 
 but one : iinicus, singHlaris: v. unique, 
 .SINGLE, only. I). Gram, term ; de- 
 noting but one: singularis, e- the s. 
 ' number, s. numerus. Quint, i, 5, 42 • Grr. 
 Phr.: in the s. number, singulariter. 
 Quint. I, 5, 16. III. Remarkable, un- 
 paralleled : 1. singaiaris : J o i i : 
 j s. eximiaque virtus, Cic. Man. i, fin. 
 I 2. egregius, eximius : v. remark- 
 
 able. 3. unicus: s. generosity, u. 
 liberalitas, Cic. Quint. 12, ftn. : he dis- 
 played s. (unequalled) fidelity to his 
 allies, u. fidem soiiis praestitit, 5iiv. jj, 
 21. IV. Out of the common way, 
 
 peculiar : 1. niirabilis, e they held 
 some s. opinions, (iis) placebaut m. 
 ! quaedam, Cic. Am. i J, 45 : v. strange. 
 j 2. nOvus, iniisitatus : v. novel, 
 
 I UNUSUAL. Phr.: he IS a very s. person, 
 mirabiliter nioratus est, id. Att. 2, 25. 
 
 singularity : »'• «• the fo^i "/' being 
 unique : Ph r. : ore account of the s. of 
 the case, *quia tam nova atque inaudita 
 (inusitata) res erat; s. of costume, * ves- 
 titus inusitatior ac paenc singularis. 
 
 singularly ; 1. iSnlce : s. uncon- 
 cemed, u. securus, Hor. Od. i, 26, 5 
 Cic. Join: eximie et unice, Gell. 2. 
 egregig . v. remarkably. 3. singii- 
 lariter (particularly, in a special man- 
 ner) ; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, 1 17 (s. diligere). 
 4. miriibillter (strangely), Cic. Att. 
 
 2, 25 - V. WONI>EKFUt.LY. 
 
 sinister : I. Jnauspicious .- mali 
 
 uminis; infaustus, etc,: v. ill-omened. 
 
 II, Bad, unfavourable : 1. sinister, 
 
 tra, trum (unfavourable) • a s. con- 
 struction (of condtict), s. interpretatio, 
 Tac. Agr. 5 : as. rumour (implying 
 something wrong), s. rumor, id. H. 2, 9J. 
 
 2. pravus (urony): v. wrong, 
 vicious. To have s. designs, prava 
 moliri : v. to scheme. 
 
 sink (subs^ : sentina (oftenest used 
 of the lowest part or sink in the hold of 
 a ship) : cf. Sail. C. J7, hi Komam sicuti 
 in sentinam confluxerant. (Emissarium 
 =: outlet.) 
 
 sink(v): A. In trans.: |. Tb 
 settle djownwards .- 1. sido, di, i : 
 (gum) s.s in water, in aqua sidit, Plin. 
 12, 25, 54 $ 121 : to s. into ashes (as a 
 limise consumed in the flames), in cineres 
 s., Prop. Fig. : to s. by its oun iveiyht 
 (of an empire), pessunj sua mole s.. Sen. 
 Const. Sap. 2 (pessum =: pedes versum, 
 downwards). Comps. (1) consido, sedi, 
 J (strengthened from preced.. to s. down 
 altogether, esp. on a large scale): (aU 
 Troy appeared) to s. doum into the 
 flames, c. in flammas, Virg. Aen. 2. 624 : 
 tlie Alps may noiv (ivithout danger) t. 
 down, Alpes jam licet considant, Cic 
 Prov. 14, i4 : Col. (2) desido, sedi, j 
 (to s. doivn ; to the bottom) : Cic. Div. i, 
 iS.fin.: Varr. (3) resido, sedi, j (tos. 
 again ; subside after rising) : every gust 
 of wind sank, omnis resedit flatus, Virg. 
 Aen. 7, 27 : opp. to surgere, Ov. Am. r, 
 I. 27; to attoUi, Plin. Ep. 5, 17, 2 (of 
 the rising and s.ing of the subject of a 
 poem). (4) subsido, J : the valleys s., 
 s. valles, Ov. M. i, 4? ; tlie streams s. 
 (after flood), flumina s., ib. 24} : v. to 
 SUBSIDE. 2. ruo, i. rutum, } (to s. 
 with violence, go suddenly to rui7is : 
 whereas sido and comps. denote gra- 
 dual settling doum) : Troy s.s headlong 
 from its lofty height, r. alto a cnlmine 
 I'roja, Virjs. Aen. 2, 290. So, corruo, j 
 (to s. all in ruins) : Cic. Top. j, 15 : 
 Quint. 3. collabor, lapsus, j (to s. 
 or.faU in ruins) : Liv. : Suet. Very 
 oft. of persons s.ing in a swoon : he 
 sank to the ground and lay for a long 
 time half dead, collapsus diu prope in- 
 termortuus jacuit. Suet. Ner. 42: Virg. 
 
 4, when the sense is to be swal- 
 lowed up, as in water, expr. by merge, 
 immergo, demergo, submergo, si, sum, 
 j; either as pass. refl. or in act. with 
 pron. refl. : many sliips being pierced 
 through s., multae naves rostris per- 
 foratae merguntur, A uct. B. Alex. 46 : 
 Bootes s.s in the deep ocean, Bootes alto 
 mergitur oceano, Cat. 6*), 68 almiost 
 engulphed in the mud and s.ing (deeper 
 and deeper), hausti paene limo immer- 
 gentesque se, Liv. 22, 2 : s.ing in the 
 waters of the river, demersus fiuminis 
 undis, Ov. M. 14, 61$. Fig. : a house 
 sunk in destruction, domus deraersa 
 exitio, Hor. Od. J, 16, }. Phr. the ships 
 being overladen sank to the bottom, naves 
 nimio onere pressas mare hausit, Tac H. 
 J, 77 : v. to swallow up. ||. To 
 penetrate deep : de.scendo, di, sum, } : 
 the weapon had not sunk de.ep into the 
 body, ferrum baud alte in corpus de- 
 scendisse, Liv. x, 41. Fig., of the im- 
 pression made by anything said ; that 
 remark sank deeper into Jugurtha's heart 
 
 than quod verbum in pectus Ju- 
 
 gurthae altius quam descendit, SaU. 
 
 .Jug. II. Ill, To be in a declining 
 state ; go to desti'uction : ruo, pessum eo 
 or sido, labor, etc. ; v kuin, I.. Phr. See 
 also supr. (I.). |V. ^"0 lower oneself, 
 yield to indulgences : P h r. : to s. in 
 indolence and sensuality, ad inertiam et 
 voluptatem corpuris pessum dari (or as 
 one word), Sail. Jug. i to s. into sen- 
 suality, in flagitia se ingurgitare : v. to 
 PLUNGE (B). V. Tofall. decline; as 
 prices : cado, } ; etc. . v. to fall (IV.). 
 
 B. Trans.: |. To cause to go to 
 the brMom ; 1. deprimo, pressi, ssum, 
 J : tos. aplough deep in the soil, aratrum 
 d., Virg. G. I. 45 esp. to s. a ship (act 
 ofwai^, navem d., Caes. B.C. i, s8 Cic 
 
 2. submergo, j (to submerge: not 
 denoting, as deprimo does, a ho.stile act) : 
 he sunk a ship at the entrance of the 
 harbour, faucibus portus navem sub- 
 
 I
 
 SINKINO-FUXD 
 
 SITE 
 
 8K EL ETON 
 
 mersam objecit, Caes. B. C. i, J9 : v. to 
 SVBMEBGE. 3. Ugmergo, } O'ke de- 
 primo, to $end to the botUim) : And. B. 
 Alex. 25 (quum triremem hostium per- 
 forassel et demersisset). See also to 
 PLDNGE. II. To loner ; P h r. : to s. 
 a weli, puteum deniittere 'altej, Virg.G. 
 2, 2?l : also, p. agcre [e.g. In centum 
 pedes], I'lin. 17, 8, 4 : p. defodere, id. 
 3"j, 9. 4} (cU. depressisputeis). |||, To 
 lower, degrade ; take up completel ;/ : 
 ?sp. in pass., to be sunk in anything : 
 Phr. : tlie ntuile plebeian orier was 
 deeply sunk in debt, totani plcbcm acre 
 alieno dcraersara esse, Liv. 2. 29 (v. 
 DEBT) : sunk in deep sleep and urine, 
 »oinno vinoque sepultus. Virg. Aen. 2, 
 265 : to be sunk t« grief. In moerore 
 Idcere, Cic. Att. 10, 4: cf. Lucr. i, 6}, 
 bumana quum vita jaceret .... op- 
 pressa gravi sub religione, i. e. sunk 
 beneath grievous superstition: sunk in 
 vice, vltiis deditus ; qui se in flagitia in- 
 gurgitavit, imniersit : v. devotew to. 
 also, TO pi.usGE (ftn.). |V. To in- 
 vest ; C0II6C1), I : V. TO invest (III.). 
 V. ro uaste, dissipate : v. to 
 
 SQUANDER. 
 
 sinking-fund'. *pecunia aeri alieno 
 ptiblico solvendo coUocata (.'). 
 
 sinless : expers peccati ; sine pec- 
 cato : V. .SIN. 
 
 sinner: peccator, /. -trix: Lact. : 
 Scnr. Keel. Or, except in vom. sing., 
 expr. by imperf. part, of pecco (L. \i. 
 § 6j8): V. to sin. 
 
 sinaosity : sinuosus flexus ; voln- 
 mina : v. foil. art. 
 
 sinuous ; sinuosus : «. coUs (^of a 
 serpent), s. volumina, Virg. Aen. 11, 
 75} Plin. 
 
 sip ("■) •■ 1. sorblUo, I (dimin. of 
 sorbeo to sip or sivailow a little at a 
 time) : Ter Ad. 4, 2, 52. 2. Ubo, i 
 (to take a little of) ; they (the bees) s. the 
 turface <f the streams, summa fluniina 
 libant, Virg.G. 4, 54: cf. id. Aen. i. 256, 
 oscula libare, to s. kisses. 3. degusto, 
 
 1 : V. TO TASTE. 
 
 sip (subs.) : expr. by verb : v. preced. 
 art (Sorbitio, a kind of soup or liquid 
 food.) 
 
 siphon : sipho, Snis, TO. : Col. }, 10, 
 init. : Sen. Called also diabetes, ae : 
 Col. L c. 
 
 sir: as title of respect in addre.=s: 
 use, bone vir ! my good sir '. Ter. Andr. 
 5,2, 5 ; and sometimes simply, bone ! 
 but this latter is rather more familiar 
 (my good fellow .'), Hor. S. 2, 6. 95 : more 
 courteou^ still, vir optime! and pi. viri 
 optimi ! Cic. Am. 10, init. In address- 
 ing a person <f rank, or a scholar, vir 
 claiissime ! vir doctissime ! may be 
 used : M. L. pass. (Domiue only in 
 mediaeval Latin.) 
 
 sire : v. pabknt, father. As title 
 of respect : Domine ! Plin. ad Traj. 
 
 siren: siren, enis. /.; ace. -a Juv. 
 14, 19: Hiir. 
 
 sirloin: *lumbusbubulus superior. 
 
 sirname : ^. surname. 
 
 sirocco : Auster, tri, m. : the leaden 
 (fearfully oppressive) S., plumbeus A., 
 Hor. S. 2, 6, 18 (Orelli) . called also, 
 nocens corporlbus A., id. Od. 2, 14, 15. 
 Probably the same wind is also meant 
 (Od. }, 2J, 5) by pestilciis Africus. (The 
 wind called Atabulus. id. S. 1,5, 8, was 
 an E. wind; now called Altino Orell.) 
 
 sirrah : furclfer l septus l (K. and A.). 
 
 sister ; 1. sQror : pass. Dimin. 
 sororiulii (little s.), v. rare: PI. Re- 
 lating to a s., s6roriu3 (rare): incest 
 >vith a s., stupra s., Cic. Sext. "j, 16 
 (doubtful) : Ov. Murderer of a s., 
 sororicida: Auct. pro Dom. 2. Rer- 
 mana (esp. poet.) : Virg. Also soror 
 gemiaiia. Cic. Mil. 27, 7}. 
 
 sisterhood ; sdrores; sororura so- 
 cietas. 
 
 sister-in-law : glos, glOrls Dig. 
 
 sisterly ; 1. sOrOrius (rare) : s. 
 kisses, s. oscula, Ov. M. 4, }i^. 2. 
 germanus (rare) ; cf Just. 27, fxtr. (ger- 
 manis casibus where the word it is 
 true refers to brothers; but it is equally 
 applicable to both sexes). 3. more 
 
 freq. expr. by sftror: it this s. conduct, 
 *num sororem ista decent? suntne Ista 
 germanae sororis ? 
 
 sit: A. Intrans. : \, To be in a 
 sitting posture : st'deo, sedi, .sessum, 2 : 
 my loins aclie with s.ing, lumbi sedendo 
 dolent, I'l.Men. 5, j, I • with in and alA. 
 denoting tlie seat : to s. in the front «.», 
 in primls sedilibus s., Hor. Kpod. 4, 16 ; 
 on a throne, in solio, Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 69. 
 Also, esp. in the poets, without prrp., 
 e. g. solio s., Ov. Often with ref. to 
 magisterial functimi : to s. on the tri- 
 bunal (seat of judgnvnl), pro (rather 
 than in) Iribunali a., I'lin. Ep. i, 10, 9 
 (in tribunal! sedere, of other persons oc- 
 cupying the tribunal, as the assessors, 
 Cic. de Or. I, J7, init.). Comps.: (1). 
 assideo, 2 (to s. by; esp. in order to 
 attend to or nurse): either absol., as 
 Tac. Agr. 45 (assidente amantissinia 
 uxore). or with dot., as Ov. H. 20 (19), 
 IJ7, lUe .... assidct aegrae : Cic. (2). 
 insldeo, 2 softener in secondary senses, 
 as to be situated on, l>e seated or rooted 
 in : also lit. in the poets) : to s. upon a 
 couch, toro ins., Ov. H. 20 (19), i J4 : to s. 
 (be mA)unted) on a liorse, equo i., Liv. 7, 6, 
 med. (3). [•consideo], consedi, ssum, 2 
 (to take a seal ; sit down : the perfect 
 and other tenses are usu. referred to 
 consido) : v. to sit down. (4). rgsldeo, 
 2 (to s. back, in an easy position : infreq. 
 in this sense): Cic. Fin. ?, 2, extr. (5). 
 persfideo, 2 (to continue long sitting : 
 rare) : Lucr. : Liv. ||. To be on session, 
 as a court : 1. sedeo, 2 : Cic. Clu. 58, 
 init. : Liv. Also consideo (at all events 
 In p. tenses): Cic. Verr. i, 7, 19, quo 
 die priinum judices citati In bunc reum 
 consedistis, tlie first day you sat on this 
 case. 2. expr. by haberi (to 6e held) : 
 while the courts were silting, quum con- 
 ventus haberentur : v. to hold. |||. 
 'J'o sit idly, be inactive : sgdeo, 2 : to s. 
 irith folded hands, compressis, quod 
 aiunt, manibus sedere, Liv. 7, i{. 
 Strengthened: ice sit idly at home, 
 sedemus desides domi, id. j, 68, med. 
 Comp. desldeo, 2 : to .<. idly in delight- 
 ful scenery, amoenioribus locis d., Quint. 
 '5, 8, I : Tei. ly. 'I'" incubate : in- 
 c6bo. ui, itum, i (with dat.): CoL ■ Plin. 
 V. To fit ; as of dress : sedeo, 2 : 
 Quint. II, J, 140 (pars togae .... itasedet 
 melius et continetur). B. Trans.: 
 Phr.: to s. a horse, in equo [bene] 
 haerere, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28. 
 
 — by : assideo, 2 : v. to sit (A.). 
 down : \. To take one's seat ; 
 
 1. consido, sedi, ssum, i: let us s. 
 down here in the shade, considamus hie 
 in umbra, Cic. Leg. 2, j, 7 : used of a 
 single person no less than of a number : 
 Virg. K. 7, I. Pass, impers. : they come 
 to the wood and s. down, venitur ad 
 silvam et considitur, Cic. de Or. 3. 5, 18. 
 
 2. rfisido, J ; and rCsIdeo, 2 : they s. 
 flown in the middle of the house, mediis 
 residunt aedibus, Virg. Aen. 8, 467 : let 
 us s. down [at our ease'], resideamus, 
 Cic. Fin. j, 2, extr. See also to settle, 
 ALIGHT. 3. as.sido, sedi, j • let us s. 
 doiim. if you please, assidamus si vide- 
 tur. Cic. Ac. I, 4, 14: to s. down upon 
 a viper, super aspidem a., id. Fin. 2, 
 18, fin. (N.B. — According to the an- 
 cient custom of reclining at meals, the 
 verbs recumbo, discumbo, are used of 
 taking place at talAe: v. to recline.) 
 
 II, Alilit. (. t. ; to sit down before 
 a place /en- the sake of laying siege to it : 
 circumsCdeo, obsideo, 2 : v. to besiege, 
 invest. 
 
 — out : P h r. : to s. out o per- 
 formance, sedere donee cantor, vos 
 plaudite, dlcjit, Hor. A. P. 155 (fabulam 
 ad finem usque spectare. R. and A.). 
 
 up; i.e. not go to bed: 1. vigllo, 
 
 I (keep awake, whether in bed or not) : 
 Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 47 . Hor. Pervlgllo, i 
 (to remain aivake all night) : Virg. G. 
 I, 292 (hibemi a**, liiminis ignes per- 
 vigllat, fcrrofiue faces inspicat acuto, s.« 
 up all night so employed). 2. Wcubro, 
 1 (to UMrk by candle-light) : Liv. i, 57; 
 esp. with ref. to study : Otc. Par. prooem. 
 
 site : situs, us ■■ V. siiaATioN. 
 
 sitting (»u6».) : I. Tlie act or pot- 
 ture: seiwior Cic. Off. i, J5, 128: some- 
 times = s. idly : id. Att, 14, 14. || A 
 session ; sessio .- v. session. 
 
 situated : 1. situs : a place $. in 
 the ceiitre of the island, locus in media 
 insula s.. Cic. Verr. 4, 48: Liv.: Plin. 
 2. pSsitns : ( helos) s. in the A'yean 
 sea, in Aegeo marl po.sita, Cic. Man. 18, 
 fin, : Caes. : Liv. 7o be »., jaceo, 2 : this 
 country is s. a'joiie Cilicia, quae geiig 
 J. supra Clliciam, Nep. DaL 4: to be s. 
 
 between , interjacre ; interjectus (v. 
 
 TO lie between). Phr. : as thii'ijs are 
 s. (under tlie circumstances), e re nata, 
 Ter. Ad. ?, i, 8. 
 
 situation : I. Location : 1, situs, 
 us : a very advantageous s. for a city, 
 opporluni.ssimus s. urbl, Cic. Rep. 2, j : 
 a city having an impreirnaiAe s.. urbs 
 natural! s. inexpugnabilis, Liv. 5, 6. med. 
 2. piVitus, i^sitfira: v. p<:>sition. 
 II. I'lace, engagement : a lucratiix 
 s., • locus luculentus, munus quaes- 
 tuosum, statio luculenta, Kr. (Offlcium, 
 Stat. Cantab.) 
 
 six : sex ; dis'rih. seni, ae. a : past. 
 .v. times, sexles a period of s. years, 
 se.\eiiniiim : s. hundred, sexcenti ; dit- 
 trib. sexceni, Cic; sexcenteni. Col. 
 
 sixteen: sedfcim : Oaf's. : Liv. Also, 
 sexdecim and decern et sex, Cic. 
 
 sixteenth : sextus decimu.s Cic. 
 
 sixtieth : sexagesimus Cla 
 
 sixty : sexaglnta ; distrib. sexaggni, 
 ae.a: Cic: Liv. S. times, sexagies: Com. 
 A person not less than s. years old, seja- 
 genarlus, Quint. 
 
 sizar : * sizator. 
 
 size (■<«''*■•) ■• \. Hulk: 1. magnl- 
 tudo (gen. term) : of the s. of a bean, ad 
 fabae m , Cels. 5, 25, 4 : huge s. of bodies, 
 ingens m. corporum, Caes. B. l!. i, J9. 
 
 2. amplitudo (extensiveness) : the 
 large s. of their horns, a. com num. Caes. 
 B. G. 6, 29: an image of consvleralie s., 
 modica a. simulacrum, Cic. Verr. 4, 49, 
 109. (Not to be used of a small oltject.) 
 
 3. moles, \s. f. (enormous s.) : they 
 look with wonder on the huge s of the 
 horse, in. mirantur equi, Virg. : v. mass. 
 
 4. parvitas, subtilitas (small s., very 
 minutes.): v. smali.ness. Phr.: of 
 huge s., ingens, immaiiis (v. htgf., mon- 
 sTBOis): of smaller, larger «, minor, 
 major (v. small, large) : a horse of the 
 size of a mountain, [ad] instar montis 
 equus, Virg. ||. Definite shape or 
 standard of size : e. g. in small s. (of 
 boofcs), minore forma : M. L. |||, <;lue: 
 gliitinum, gluten : v. glue. 
 
 size (i'-) •■ glutino iiiducere; v. olue. 
 
 sizeable : *Justa magnitudine. 
 
 skate (.v«fe.); I. A k-ind of fish: 
 raia, Plin. 9, 24, 40. *RaJa batis. [The 
 word batis occurs in a list of fish in 
 Plin. j2, II, 55, 5 145. where others read 
 batia, as in J2, 7. 2;.] ||, A kind of 
 ice-shoe : perh. * calceus carinatus : Kr. 
 h:is ♦c. ferro suppactus, or solea ferrata. 
 
 skate (*'■)■' *per glaclem calceis ca- 
 riiiatis labi : more poet, pedihus fiTratis 
 ire per undas frigore concretas (cf. Ov. 
 Trist }, 10, j2). 
 
 skater : expr. by the V. 
 
 skein : "o equiv. : the nearest is 
 peril. *spira, svhich is applied to a coii 
 of rope, or a braid of hair. 
 
 skeleton ; 1. larva : a s. modelled 
 in silver, 1. argentea, Petr. ^4, 8. 2. 
 sceletos, i, m. (ir/teAfTb?) . App. ApoL 
 P- JI5. 3. expr. more usu. by ossa . 
 tlie human s., ossium positus figiimque, 
 Cels. 8, I, cui init.: os.sa corporl sub- 
 jecta, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 119: the gh„stly 
 form of a Jtesliless s., larvalis habitus 
 nudis ossihus cobaereiis. Sen. Ep. 24, 18 
 (R. iiiid .\.). F i g.. of style • to imitate 
 not merely the lijelers s., but the t>odi/ 
 ittelf, imitari noii ossa solum sed eliam 
 sanguinem, Cic BruL 17, 68. v. also 
 framework. Phr : (i.) Lit.: as., 
 corpus, Plin. 7, 16. 16 : evisoerata fonna 
 diri cudaveris (prorsus horribilis et 
 larvalis), App. Apol. p. } 14, ad fm. 
 .(li.) Transf. : to 6« a mere s., vix 
 ossibus haerere. Virg. E. }, io»; made 
 suprema confici, id. .\en. }, 590. totum 
 7-«9
 
 SKETCH 
 
 SKILLED 
 
 SKIM 
 
 OBsa atque pellem esse, PL Aul. j, 6, 28 : 
 S^, nay, ghosts of men, effigies, immu 
 umbrae hoiiiinuni, Liv. 21, 40. (iii.) 
 s.-key, perh. clavis Laconica, I'l. Most. 2, 
 I, 57 : V. comni. ad loc. and Diet. Ant. 
 nnder clavis : c. adulteriiiae (Sail. J. 12) 
 are sham keys. 
 
 sketch {subs.) : 1. adumbratio : 
 Lit. : Vitr. i, 2, 2 (where perspective is 
 said to be "frontis et lateruni absceden- 
 tium a."). Fig.: an attempt and s., 
 conatus atque a., Cic. Or. 29, loj. 2. 
 descriptio (a marking out) : s.s nf the 
 volutet,d. volutarum, Vitr. {, 5, 8(j, IJ): 
 Clc. Off. 1, 39, i!8; V. PLAN. Fig.: a 
 brief plain s., brevis et aperta d., id. 
 Inv. 2, 18, 5;. 3. deformatio: a s., 
 d. graminatica, Vitr. j, praef., 4 : v. 
 DRAUGHT. 4. expr. by forma, linea- 
 menta, etc. v. outune, plan, diagkam. 
 (N.B. — Iiiformatio in Vitr. 4, 6, 6, is dub. : 
 in formationibus, al.) P h r. : a mere s. 
 of glory, adumbrata imago gloriae, Cic. 
 'ruse. J, 2, i. 
 
 sketch (w.) : 1. adumbro, i {to s. 
 in black arul white , to outline ; opp. to 
 exprimere) : Lit.: Val, iMax. 8, 11, 7: 
 Quint. Fig.: to s. the misfortunes of 
 heroes in a speech, heroum casus a. di- 
 cendo, Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 194: to s. the 
 outlines and features of eloquence, elo- 
 quentiae speciem et formam a., id. Or. 
 14. 4}. 2. describo, psi, ptum, i {to 
 draw) : to s. figures in the dust, d. 
 forraas in pulvere, Liv. 25, Ji. Fig.: 
 to s. out a subject, rem breviter d., Clc. 
 
 Inv. I, 8, II : v. DRAW, DELINE.ATE. 3. 
 
 delineo, i -. to s. a figure on the nail with 
 charcoal, carbone imaginem in pariet« d., 
 Plin. J5, lo, j6 $ 89. 4. deformo, i : 
 to s. and colour plans for a building, 
 exemplaribus pictis speciem operis d., 
 Vitr. I, I, 4. 5. designo, i : v. tbace, 
 PLAN. Ph r. : to s. the outline of avian, 
 umbram hominis lineis circumducere, 
 Plin. J5, J, 5 (where to shade the s. is 
 " spargere lineas intus"); so, lineas 
 extremas umbrae circumscribere. Quint. 
 10, 2, 7 : she s.'d the shadow of his face 
 throivn by the lamp on the nail, unibrara 
 ex facie ejus ad lucernam in pariete 
 lineis circumscripsit, id. 35, 12, 4J. 
 
 sketch-book : * liber descriptionum, 
 descriptionibus aptus. 
 
 sketching {subs.): expr. by gra- 
 phidls sciL-ntia, Vitr. I, I, 4: graphice, 
 es, /. : Plin. j;, 10, }6 ^ 77 (where he 
 adds, hoc est pictuiu) : so perh. pictura 
 linearis, id. ib. j, ; : v. drawing. 
 
 skewer {subs.): nearest equiv. veru- 
 culum (a little spit). 
 
 skewer {^'■) •■ * veruculis configere. 
 skid : sufflamen, inis, n. : Jut. : v. 
 drag. 
 
 skiff: 1. scapha: a two-oared s., 
 biremis s., Hor. Od. j, 29, 62 : Cic. : Caes. 
 JHmin. : soaphula : Veg. 2, cymba 
 (mostly poet. : esp. of Charon's s.) : a 
 number of s.s, multitudo cymbarum, 
 Cic. Off. }, 14, 58. Virg. Dimin. : cym- 
 bula, Plin. Fp. 8, 20. 3. linter, tris,/. 
 (once m. in TibuU. ; prop, a barge or 
 canoe) : Veil. 2, 107, i (as syn. of alveus, 
 and navicula). Dimin. : lintriciilus, Cic. 
 Att. 10, 10. 4. lenunciilus : Caes. B. C. 
 2, 4J : Tac. (It is a dimin. of lembus, 
 a pinnace or cuiter: Prud. has lem- 
 bulus.) 5. navicvila : Clc. Acad. 2, extr. 
 The forms navicella and iiaucella occur 
 in the Dig. : hence, to sail in a s., 
 nauculari. Mart, j, 20, 20. 6. navi- 
 giolum: Lentul. In Cic. Fam. 12, i?, 2. 
 7, hSriOla {dimin. of hSria, a smcu:k) : 
 PI. Trin. 4, 2, 100. 8. aiveus: Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 412: Veil. 9, actuariClum 
 (a small swift rovring boat) : Cic. Att. 
 it, i, ad fin.' 10. ratis, is,/, (prop. 
 a raft : the poet, term) : Catul. ; Virg. 
 11. navia (a canoe) : Mela, j, 7. 
 Phr. : as., navigium minutum, Cic. 
 Att. 16, 1 : he does not see a single s., 
 scalmum nullum videt, id. Off. J, 14, 59. 
 skilful ) 1. soUers, tis (also solers : 
 skilled) abl. in i, once e in Ov. : 
 constr. with abl. after in : poet, with 
 ffen. or infin.) : the loorks of provident 
 and s. nature, opera providae sollertis- 
 nue naturae, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128: a 
 7«o 
 
 painter s. in hii art, picto' •= in arte, skilfully : 1. Bollerter : no one 
 Plin. j$, II, 40 5 142 : the Mu^e s. in the cultivated gardens more «., nemo colnit 
 
 lyre, Musa lyrae s., Hor. A. P. 407 
 2. pi^ntus {experienced : constr. with 
 gen., abl., or inf. : the rarer constr. are 
 abl. with in or de, ace. with ad or 
 simple ace.) : very s. generals, peritissimi 
 duces, Caes. B. C. j, 75 : s. in the art of 
 war, rei militaris p.. id. B. C. J, 61 : 
 I' ho is more s. m law f quis jure peritior ? 
 Cic. Clu. j8, 107 (where p. judiciorum 
 follows in the same pass.) ; id. Fontei. 
 15. JJ : s. in singing, p. cantare, Virg. E. 
 10, J2. 3. eruditus (prop, a part., 
 accomplished : constr. with abl., rarely 
 inf. or simple ace.) : s. in foreign arts, 
 e. trausmarinis artibus, Cic. Rep. 2, 15 : 
 most s. in the knowledge of the civil law, 
 disciplina Juris eruditissimus, id. de Or. 
 I, J9, 180 : Hermes, s. in all sorts of 
 weapon.'!, Hermes omnibus^ e. armis, 
 Mart. 5, 24, 2. 4. exercitatus {proj:- 
 tised : constr. with in and abl.) : Cic. 
 Phil. 6, 6, 17: V. practi.sed. 6. doctus 
 {teamed : constr. with gen., ace. with 
 or without ad, abl. with or without in, 
 or inf. : esp. freq. in poet.) : maiden 
 mare s. in song than Sappho the muse, 
 Sapphica puella Musa doctior, Catul. 35, 
 17: most s. in speaking, fandi doctis- 
 sima, Virg. Aen. 10, 225 : the s. hand of 
 an artist, d. manus artificis, Tib. i, 8, 
 12 : Hor.: Cic. 6. sciens, ntis (expert 
 in : constr. with gen. : in poet, with 
 inf.) : a man most s. in ruling the state, 
 vir regendae reipublicae scientissimus, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 49, 214 : s. in managing a 
 steed, fleolere equum s., Hor. Od. }, 7, 25. 
 7. stilus {syn. ofpreced.) : a s. Aorf, 
 s. convivator, Liv. j;, 49: (sciens Sthe- 
 nelus pugnae, in Hor. Od. 1, 9, 25, is 
 explained by scitus pugnandi in Quint. 
 9, i, 10). 8. priideus, ntis (knoming, 
 having an insight into ; constr. with 
 gen. or in and abl.) : a nation most s. in 
 Jiattei-y, adulandi gens prudentissima, 
 Juv. }, 86 : s. in civil law, p. in jure 
 civili, Cic. Am. 2, 6 ^lor which in Dig. 
 juris p., or absoL, p.). 9, gnarus 
 {knmving : constr. with a gen., a relat. 
 clause, ace. or ace. and inf.) : s. in arms 
 and warfare, armorum et militiae g.. 
 Col. I, praef, 4: Cic. Or. 4, 15. 10, 
 ingeniosus {of good natural capacity : 
 constr. with abl. with or without in : 
 rarely ace. after ad or in) : a very s. man, 
 homo ingeiiiosissimus, Cic. Mur. jo, 62. 
 Join: i. et eruditus, id. Att. 14, 20: 
 V. CLEVER. 11. dexter, tra, trum ; 
 less freq. -tgra, -tgrum (handy) : Liv. r 
 V. DEXTEROUS. 12. habilis (handy : 
 constr. with abl. with or without in: 
 inf. in poet.) : there are some so s. in 
 the same things that ..... sunt quidam 
 ita in iisdem rebus habiles ut ..... Cic. 
 de Or. I, 25. 115 : a nation s. in horse- 
 manship, gens equis h., Liv. 24. 48. 
 13. artificiosus {accomplished in 
 art) : Nature is not only s. but clearly 
 an artist, natura non a. solum, sed plane 
 artifex.Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 58. 14. artifex, 
 icis (prop, a subs. : constr. with gen. or 
 absol.) : a soldier s. in beheading, miles 
 decollandi a.. Suet. Cal. J2 : his s. style, 
 a. ut ita dicam stilus, Cic. Brut. 25, 96: 
 «. hands, a. manus, Ov. M. 15, 218. 
 15. b5nus (good): a very s. car- 
 penter, optimus faber tignarius, Cic. Brut. 
 7?, 257; V. GOOD, ABLE. Ig. faber, 
 bra, brum (workmanlike) : the talent of 
 his s. art, ingenium fabrae artis, Ov. M. 
 8, 1 59 : App. (The comp. affaber occurs 
 in Symm., and Cic. has theadu.) 17, 
 callidns (shrewd, ivorldly wise : constr. 
 with gen. or poet, infin.) : s. in rear, 
 c. rei militaris, Tac. li. 2, 31 • as. col- 
 location {of icords), c. junctura. Hor. 
 A. P. 47 : nothing can be more s. than 
 nature, natura nihil potest esse callidius, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142. Join: versutus 
 et c, id. ib. j, 10, 25 (q. v.). 18. ciitus 
 (a stronger word than prudens, v. Cic. 
 
 Leg. I, 16, 4?) : v. SAGACIOUS, CUNNING. 
 
 19 graphicus (exquisite) : a s. thief, 
 g. fur. PI. Trin. 4, i, 17. Phr.: the 
 Gauls are s. in the pursuit of augury, 
 Galli angurandi studio praeter caeteros 
 Calient, Just. 24, 4. 
 
 hortos sollertius, Ov. M. 14, 624: Clc: 
 Tac. 2, perite: Join: p. et cai- 
 lide, Cic. de Or. i, 11, 48. 3. scienter: 
 they s. divide themselves into two parts, 
 s. in duas partes sese distribuunt, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 55 : Cic. 4. deitere, dextre, 
 no one has availed himself of his good 
 fortune more s., nemo dexterius fortuna 
 est usus, Hor. S. I, 9, 45 ; Liv. 5, 
 scite: accounts s. made out, rationes s. 
 perscriptae, Cic. Pis. 15, 61 : Liv. : Pi. 
 
 6. habiliter (handily) : to carry a 
 shield s., scutum h. ferre, Liv. Epit. 57. 
 
 7. aflfabre (artisticalli/) : a deity s. 
 sculptured, deus a. factus, Cic. Verr. Act. 
 I, 5, 14. (He does not use the adj.: 
 fabre occurs in PI., fabriliter in Prud.) 
 
 8. calllde (shrendly) : to speak s. 
 and acutely, c. arguteqvie dicere, Cic. Or. 
 28, 98. Phr.. he managed the matter 
 so s. that. . ., rem ita dexter egit ut. . ., 
 Liv. 8, ;6 : vessels s. made for tliat pur- 
 pose, fabrefacta ad id navigia, id. 37, 27 
 s. made figures of oxen, artifices boves. 
 Prop. 2, 23, 8 : s. devised fables, peritae 
 fabulae, Anson. Epist. 16, 92 : the s. 
 adjusted construction of the heavenly 
 bodies, natura stellarum machinata, 
 Vitr. 10, I, 4. 
 
 skilf ulness : ) 1. soliertia (sol- 
 skill : 5 ertia : the most gen. 
 term) : no art can imitate the s. of 
 nature, nulla ars imitari s. naturae 
 potest, Cic. N. D. i, 33, 92 : in this mat- 
 ter tliere is so much knonledge and s., 
 in hac re tanta iiiest ratio atque s.. Id. 
 Rep. I, 16. 2. pfiritia (js. derived 
 from experience) : s. in law, p. legum, 
 Tac. A. 4, 58 : Join : p. et ars, id. H. 
 4, JO. 3, scientia (fcnoickdpe : constr. 
 with 17! and abl., rarely de) : s. in 
 stim-ing the emotions, in affectibus mo- 
 vendis s., Quint. 10, 2, 27: s. in chasing 
 s. coelandi, Plin. 34, 7, 18, ad fin. 4. 
 ars, tis, /. (s. acquired and exercised in 
 any trade or calling) : by the divine S. 
 of Pallas, divina Palladis arte, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 15 : vondrous s., mira a., Catul. 
 64, 51: Ov. Her. 5. 103. (N.B. — manus, 
 opus, denote the workmanship : intel- 
 ligentia, s. in judging, discrimination, 
 taste: v. art.) 5, artiflcium (aj'h'stic 
 s.) : made with the greatest s., sumnio a. 
 factus, Cic. Verr. 4, 21. 46 : a remarkable 
 s., a. quoddam slngulare. id. ib. 4, 40, 87 : 
 Join : a. quoddam et scientia, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 29. 6. dexteritas (rare : tact) : 
 s. of natural disposition, ingenii d., Liv. 
 28, 18. 7. ingenmra (talents, parts) : 
 to exercise oiie's s. on manifold and 
 varied sufjects, i. exercere multiplicl 
 variaque materia, Quint. 2, 4, 20 : Clc. : 
 V. CLEVERNESS. 8. calliditas (s/ireii'd- 
 
 ntSS) : v. CUNNING, SHREWDNESS. 9. 
 
 prudentia (knowledge, insight) : pro- 
 fessions in which thtre is greater s.,a,Ttes 
 quibus inest p. major, Cic. Off. i, 42, 
 151. 
 
 skillet : the nearest words are pult- 
 iirius (o vessel for hot drinks), Plin. 7, 
 53, 54: ciicumella (a little kettle), Dig. 
 More vaguely, olla, v. pot: vasculum, 
 
 v. VESSKL. 
 
 skim (".) •" \. fo remove the scum : 
 
 1. despumo, i : to s. the water of 
 the caldron, A. undam aeni. Virg. G. i, 
 296: to s. the pot, carnes d., Plin. 9, 38. 
 62. 2, dehaurio, hausi, haustum, 4: 
 to s. off the oil-lees, d. amurcam. Cat. 
 R. R. 66, 2. Phr. : to s. anything, 
 ligula purgare aliquid. Col. 9. 15, 13; 
 florem (alicujus) haurire, "Plin. 21, 14. 
 49. II. To pass rapidly over : 1, 
 percurro, curri or cucurri, cursum, j 
 {to run over) : to s. over the standing 
 corn, stantes p. aristas, Ov. M. 10, 655 : 
 portions which 1 have merely s.'d over, 
 partes quas modo percucurri. Cic. de Or. 
 3, 14. 52 : s. it rapidly oier ivith the eye, 
 veloci percurre oculo, Hor. S. 2, 5, 5f. 
 
 2. transcurro, curri or cucurri, cur- 
 sum, 3 . to run over a portion of the 
 ivork, t partem operis. t^uint. 9, 3, 89: 
 Sen. 3. perstringo, nxi, ictum, j (to 
 grcuse) : to pass slightly atid merely *. 
 over each point, leviter transir* ac tan-
 
 S K I M M £ K 
 
 S K r K M 1 S 11 
 
 S K V 
 
 (ummodo p. unaniquamque rem, Clc. 
 Ro6c. Am. J2, 91 ; v. graze, todch 
 UPON. 4. stringo, nxi, ictiiu, } (syn. 
 of preced.): the bird s.'d oi^r the sur- 
 face 0/ the v:aves, strlngebat summas 
 ales uiidas, Ov. M. 11, "jij : hence, strio 
 lim, adv.: v. cuRsoBrtv, summauily. 
 5. rado, si, sum, } (to »/iaiy;: only 
 in poet.) : ke *.s along his airy path, 
 radlt iter liquidum, Virg. Aen. ;, 217 : 
 to s. over tlie sea u-ithout vetting the 
 feet, slcco passu freta r., Ov. M. 10, 654. 
 Phr. ; to s. along the surface, of the 
 sand, summam p<-de llbare arenam, Ov. 
 M. 10, 6??: to s. along the waves on 
 light tchfelt, rolls levibus gummas per- 
 labi ui)Ua.s, Virg. Aen. i, 147. 
 
 skimmer ; 1, iigflia or linguia : 
 
 V, LADLE. 2, trua- Titin. in Non. : 
 Varro 
 
 skim-milk i perb. *lac cui flos est 
 hau.^lus • iliere is no authority for the 
 M. L. lac deSoratum. 
 
 skimming; |. The act of re- 
 
 moving scum : expr, by a verb : de- 
 spumatio: Tert. ||, Tlie act of pass- 
 ing lightly over: 1, [jercursio; Cic. 
 de Or. }, 5?, 202 (al. praecislo). 2, 
 transcursus, us: Veil. 2, 55, i. 
 
 skin. (s«''S) •■ 1. cutis, is,/, (prop. 
 the s. of a human being) : the surface of 
 tlie s., summa c.,Cels. 5, 28, 17 ; o thicker 
 and harder s., crassior callosiorque c, 
 Plin. II, 59, 92 (see below No. 5) : said of 
 a serpent, Ov. M. j, 64. Dimin. : ciilicrila 
 {the thill external s.): Juv. 11, 205: 
 Pera. Hence also the aiij. intorcus, 
 cutis {between the s.) : Cic. 2. pellls, 
 is, /. (s. of a beast : rarely of a human 
 being, and then only when it is coarse 
 from age, sickness, etc. : hence the aged 
 have " dcformem pro cute pellem," Juv. 
 10, 192 : the older word was scortum, 
 Varr. L. L. 7, 5, 96): a dark s., p. atra, 
 Ov, M. }, 64 ; a ivrinkled s., p. rugosa, 
 Phaedr. i, 24, 4: a goat-s., p. caprina, 
 Cic. N. D. I, 29, 82 : to dress s.s, p. per- 
 ficere, Plin. 24, 11, 56: hence p. = a s.- 
 garment : to near s.s, pellibus uti, vestiri, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 21 ; 5, 14 ; p. gerere, Tac. 
 y 17 . to cast the s. (of a snake), p. 
 ponere, Ov. M. 7, 257 : to be all s. and 
 bones, ossa atque p. esse, PI. Capt. I, 2, 
 26: V. SKELETON JJimin. : pellicula: 
 Cic. Mur, }b, 75. 3. terguni or tir- 
 gus, Oris, n. (prop, the covaing of the 
 l>ack,hiUe) : a greatpart oftlte Scythians 
 near S.s, magna Scytbarum pars tergis 
 induitur. Sen. Ep. 90, 16: Cels. 7. 25, 2: 
 v. HIDE. 4. cOriuni {hide, esp. when 
 prepared for use) : the tender s. is hard- 
 ened into a hide, cutis tenella duratur 
 In corium, App. M. }, p. i}C),adfin.: 
 V. LEATHER: com. also of a man's s., as 
 we say, "hide,' PI. Ilud. 4, }, 7J. 5. 
 Galium (or callus, Cels. : s. hardened by 
 labour or exposure) : Cic. 'Fuse. 5, }2, 90. 
 6. mcmbrana: v. membrane, kind: 
 a scaly s., squamea ni., Ov. M. 7, 272. 
 Dim,in. : membraniila, Cels. : mem- 
 branulum. App. 7, tunica (a coating, 
 tegument): to cast its s., ponere t., Lucr. 
 4. 5^ (58) (of tlie cicala) : of the mem- 
 brane of the eyes, Cels. 7, 7, 14 : so too 
 dimin., tunicula, Plin. 26, 12, 76. 8. 
 in poet, a s. stripped from a beast is 
 exiiviae or spOlium: Virg. Aen. 2,47?: 
 Ov. M. 9, iij: or is called by the name 
 of the beast itself; a.s, leo = a lion's s.. 
 Mart. 9, 4?, I. Phr.: (i.) made of s.s, 
 pelUcius, iLampr. Ant Heliog. 4, ad fin. : 
 Dig.: mcmbraiiaceus, <ir -cms, Plin. 10, 
 61, 81 ; clad in s.s.. pellitus, Liv. : Cic. : 
 to cover a jar uith s., pelliciilo. Col. 12, 
 J9, 2 : like a s., menihranaceus, Plin. i6, 
 }l, 55: afaum-s., nebris, idos, /., Stat. 
 Acb. I, 609: a sheep s., mastruca, Clc. 
 Fragm. (a Sardinian word, wlience ma- 
 strucatus) : a s. garment, scortea vestis. 
 Sen. N. Q. 4, 6, 2. (ii.) near is my shirt 
 nearer is my s., tunica propior pallio 
 est, PI. Trill. 5, 2, jo : to get off icith a 
 whole s., tecto latere atecedere, Ter. 
 Heaut. 4, 2. 5. 
 
 skin {v.) : I. It) remove the s. : 
 deglubo, no pf., ptum, j . to s. a fsh, 
 d. piscem, PI. Poen. 5, 5, j } : more freq. 
 expr. by a phr.; derlpere, detrahere 
 
 aiicni pellem, Ov. M. j, 52 : Phaedr 4, 
 
 I, 7 . Hor. : com., virgis dorsum depo- 
 lire, PI. Epid. i, 1,94: v. klav. ||. 
 To cr/ver vith a s. Phr. to s. over a 
 wound, c'ciitricem inducere, Cels. 7, 28 ; 
 ducere, Liv. 29, J2; obducere, Cic. Agr. 
 J, 2, 4; contrahere, Plin. 12, 17, iZ: v. 
 scab. 
 
 skin-deep : but it is merely s., sed 
 id live et quod summam cutem stringut, 
 Sen. Ep. 72, 5 v. supkbficial. 
 
 skin-flint ; /<« i* a, regular s., pumex 
 noil acqiie est aridus atque hie est senex, 
 PI. Aul. 2, 4, 18 (Ain^worth). 
 
 skinny ; uo good equiv. . perh. best 
 expr. by ossa atque pellis {skin and 
 bones, when denoting an extreme degree 
 of leanness): v. skeleton . sometimes 
 by macer, v. lean : or rugosus, v. 
 WRINKLED : villus (also dissyll., Hor. 
 
 Ep. 12, 7): V. SHRUNKEN, WrTHKRED: a 
 
 s. hand, ossea nianus, Juv. 5, 5J : v. 
 BONY: s. legs, arida crura, Ov. A A. }, 
 272 : Hor. : a s. vnfe, lignea conjux, Cat. 
 2j, 6. 
 
 skip (v-) •' I. To leap, frisk: 1, 
 exsulto, I : the s.ing beasts, pecora ex- 
 sultantla, Plin. 18, ;;, 88: Cic. Fig.: 
 if short syllables are repeated fm- any 
 length of time they s., breves syllabae si 
 continuantur exsultant, Quint. 9, 4, 91 ; 
 108. 2, subsulto, I : you s., I can 
 scarcely stand, tu subsultas, ego vix 
 adsto, PI. Capt. }, 4, 104. Fig. : Quint. 
 
 II, }, 4}. (N.B. — transulto, is to leap 
 across : praesulto, to dance in froi.t.) 
 
 3, lascivio, 4 : the lamb s.s along 
 in flight, agnus lascivit fuga, Ov. M. 7, 
 J2I; Col. 4. luxurio, i: the cattle 
 sport and s in the meadoirs, ludit in 
 pratis l.que pecus, Ov. F, i, i ;6 : Virg. : 
 Col. I'hr. : the mare ss about, ludit 
 cqua exsultini, Hor Od. j, 11, 10 : to 
 run s.ing down, subsultim decurrere. 
 Suet. Aug. 8j : (so assultini, by leaps, 
 Plin. II, 24, 28). II. To pass oivr ; 
 
 1. transilio, ui or Ivi, 4: lest my 
 speech should s. over one thing, ne oraiio 
 mea transiliat unam rem, Cic. Phil. 2, 
 ^4, 84 : Ov. 2. praetereo, ii, itum, 4 : 
 v. PASSOVER, ojirr. 
 
 skip {subs.) : saltus, lis : v. leap . 
 a s., pernix s., Plin. 9, 47, 71. 
 
 skipper: 1. niiviculiirius (prop, 
 an adj. : also in Cic. as such): Cic. Fani. 
 16, 9, 4. 2. nauclerus {vavxKTjpo';) ; 
 PI. Mil. 4, 4, 41 : hence cuJj. nauclericus 
 or nauclerius, PI. 3. dOminus, ma- 
 gister navis, Nep. Them. 2, 8, 6 ; Ulp. 
 liig. 14, I, I. 
 
 skipping ; exsultatio : childish s., 
 puerilis e.. Col. 7, j, 18. 
 
 -rope : *resticula, qiiam circum 
 
 se agentes transultant puellae (sive 
 pueri). 
 
 skirmish {subs.) : \, Lit.- 1. 
 
 most usu. expr. by a phr. • leve certa- 
 men, Liv. 22, ii, etjHJSs. : praelium leve. 
 Caes. B. G. 7, j6- or parvum, Liv. i, 
 54: or parvulum, Caes. B. G. 2, jo: 
 pugna velitaris, Fest. : concursatoria, 
 Amm. 16, 9, I : unimportant s.s, parva 
 nioinenta levium certaminum, Liv. 22. 
 12: to engage in s.s., praeliis parvulis 
 cum hosle contendere, Caes. B. G. 2. jo. 
 (N.B. — all these expr. are opposed to 
 justa, recta pugna, justa acies, collatis. 
 iiifestis signis pugnare.) 2. coniur- 
 satio : soldiers better' in a s. than at close 
 quarters, miles melior concursatione 
 quam comminus. Curt. 8, 14, 24. Piano, 
 in C!ic. Fain. 10, 17, 2. (N.B. — procur- 
 satio is a charge, onset, joined to levla 
 certaniina, Liv. 25, 40; excursatio is a 
 sally.) 3. pugnicula: Cato ace. to 
 Perott. ad Alart. 7,9. ||. Kig. : 1. 
 proliisio : but if you are pouerless in 
 this s., iihat may you suppose yim will 
 be in the battle f sin in hac p. niiiil fueris 
 quern te in ipsa pugna fore putciiius? 
 Cic. l>iv. In CaecU. 14, 47 (R. and A.). 
 
 2. praelusio (rare): Join- pug- 
 nae quasi p. alque praecursio. Plin. Kp. 
 6, I J. Phr.: this is as it were the first 
 s. of light-an>ied troops in our sfieech, 
 haec tamiuam levis amiaturae prima 
 oraliiinis excursio, Cic. Oiv. 2, 10, 26. 
 
 skirmish C -) -■ 1. expr by phr. : 
 
 to ».. praelia levla conserere. Curl. 8, I j, 
 12: praeliis parvulis cum boeie contend- 
 ere, Caes.B. G. 2, jo; v. preted. art. 
 (N.B. — procurso is prop, to tally out, to 
 make attacks, Liv. 27, 2.) 2. coq. 
 curso, I : Liv. 28, 2. 3. vglltor. i (to 
 act as light-armed soldiers- usu. fig.); 
 a contest in whicti you used to «., cer- 
 tatio qua lu velitabarls, Cic. Quint. 21, 
 
 Tr App. 
 skirmisher : 1. vsies, itis (• 
 
 light-arvied man): Li7. 26, 4. 2, 
 ferenlarius Sail. Cat. 60: Tac. 3| 
 rorarius: Liv 8, 8: v. Diet. Antiq. 
 under Army. 4. concursator (used 
 also as adj. opp. to slatariu.-i) Liv. 27 
 18. 5. procursalor: Liv. 42, 64. 6. 
 exciirsaior; Amm. 24, i, 2. 
 
 skirret; slum or sion {water-pars- 
 nep): Plin. 22, 22,41: •sium eiiiarum. 
 Liun. 
 
 skirt {subs.) r if of a dress, llmbus, 
 V. BORDER: more exacily, •p:»r8 vestis 
 inferior: garments with very long sj, 
 talarla («c. vestimenta), Ov. M. 10. 591: 
 a fashionable robe xvilh a n-ide-spread t, 
 was cyclas, Sdis, J'lv. 6. 259 : '" » wldei 
 senseora, v. edge, ouTSKfirrs. 
 
 skirt (v.) .- tango, teilgi, lactam, J ; 
 
 v. BORDKR, ADJOIN, EDGE. 
 
 skittish: I. rmuZ; tlmldus, tre- 
 pidiw: V TIMID, SHY. ||. Wanton 1 
 la.'^civus : v. wanton, fki.'^ky. 
 
 skittishly, skiitishness : v. pre- 
 ced. art. 
 
 skittle : * tmnculus lusorius (?) : 
 [Kr, gives conus, metula, which does 
 not express the correct shape of a s.] ; 
 to play at s.s, globis pelere, dejicere t. L : 
 a s.-ground, *area (with a suitable con- 
 text). 
 
 skulk ; delitesco, tul, j : she s.'d and 
 knelt doun, delituit flexumque genu 
 summisit, Ov, M. 4, 140. Fig.: to ,«. 
 behind their authority, in eorum aucto- 
 ritate d., Cic. Acad. 2, 5, 15 ■ v. lcrk, 
 
 HIDE. 
 
 skull . 1. calvaria (whether of 
 men or beasts) : to break, split the s., 
 c. frangcre, findere, Cels. 8, 4 (Calvarium 
 occurs in App. M. J, IJ7 ; battered tj, 
 trunca c). Calva in Liv. = a t>ald scalp. 
 2. e.xpr. sometimes by other words; 
 esp. caput, itis (head) .- to break one's s., 
 c. dirumpere, PL Bac. 3. j, 57 : fissile c. 
 habere, id. Aul. j, 2, 26 • to drink out of 
 S.S, biljere in ossibus cap! tarn, Flor. j, 
 4. 2. 3. testa ■ Auson. 
 
 skull-cap; plleolus; Hor. Kp. i, ij, 
 i;: Col. Pileus also denotes an egg- 
 shaped felt cap, v. Diet. Ant- 
 
 skunk : * viverra putorius, Gm. : 
 mephitis, Cuv. 
 
 sky : 1. coelum {pi. coeli only in 
 Lucr. and eccL Lat.) : a clear s., c se- 
 renum, Virg. G. i, 260 the sdent s., 
 c. tacitum, id. Aen. ?, 51?: an over- 
 cast s., c. obscurum, Hor Od. i, 7, 15 : 
 nubibus obscuraium, Sail. J. }S ; nu- 
 bilum, Plin. 16, 26, 46 ; a rainy s., 
 c. pluvium, VaiT. K. 1!. i, i?, 2i imbn- 
 bus foeduni, Tac. Agr. 12 : a damp 
 and gloomy s., c. humidum et caligi- 
 nosum, Cic. Tusc. i, 19, 4? : tlie open «, 
 c. libt^rum, Sen. Tranq. 17, 8: v. air: 
 the vault of the s., coeli convexa, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 4SI : the blue rault of the s., 
 coeli cocrula teuipla, Enn. Ann. f, 167 
 from every quarter of the s., ab omr.i 
 coeli parte. Curl. 8, 4. J : the hue of the 
 s., color coeli, Juv. 14. 294: the s. glons, 
 c. spU-ndescit, Ov. Pont. 2, 10, 2} . the 
 appearance of the s. on fire, cm-ll ar- 
 deiitis species. Liv. 4?, 1 ? : the s. seenud 
 to be rent asunder, c. findi visum velut 
 magno hlatu, id. 22, l . «r lit^ under 
 different s.s, dividiniur cot-lo, Ov. I'ont. 
 I, 5, 7>'. Pro V. . a line <f bat lie which 
 seems as if it had fallen from the sj, 
 acies velut coelo doniissa, Liv. 22, 29- 
 so, de coelo delapsus, Cic. Mand. 14, 41 : 
 what if the s. u-re to fall If quid si nunc 
 c. mat .' Ter. Heaut. 4, ?, 41 Fig. ■ to 
 eitol to the ss, in c. ferro. Cic. F'hil. 4, 
 }, 6 : coelo exaequare, Lucr. i, 79 coelo 
 tenus extollere. Just. 12, 6- / am in 
 the s.t, in coelo sum, Cic. Att. 2, 9 ; v. 
 HEAVEN, CLIMATE. 2. cxpr. by an aty.;
 
 SKY-BLUE 
 
 S L A N 1> E B 
 
 SLAUGHTER 
 
 expr. the state of the s. : purum (a clear 
 g.), Hor. Od. I. J4. ^ ; so. serenum, Liv. 
 ji, 12; sudum, Virg. Aen. 8, 529; CSc; 
 altura {the lofty s.), Virg. Aen. i, 297; 
 Plin. Kp 6, 16 ; nubilum (an overcast s.), 
 Suet. Ner. I j ; this is esp. common with 
 divum or dium ; under the open s., sub 
 divo, CSc. Verr. i, 19,?! sub dio. Plin. 
 Ep. 5, 16: {adj.: subdiaUs, Plin.: Vitr. 
 uses hypaethrus). 3. aether, eris, m. 
 {ace. aethera: the upper, purer air): 
 tite earth, s., sea, terra, a., poutus, Lucan 
 I„ 525 • the stamj s., signifer a., Lucr 6, 
 481 ; V AIR, ETHER. 4. pxp""- Some- 
 times by nubes . alii nnbium tracius, 
 Hor Od. 4, 2, ^') : or, esp. in fig. sense, 
 astra, sidera, v. stars : to laud to the s.s, 
 tollere, ferre ad astra, Id. S. 2, -J, 29 • Cic. : 
 Virg. : / shall toi'er to the s.s., sidera 
 vertice feriam, H r. Od. i, i, j6 : Ov. 
 5, the poets use polus, axis, for the 
 whole" s. the Infty s.s, arduus axis, 
 Lucan 5, 6j2 ; Virg. Aen. 4, ■; : Ov. : or 
 Olympus Virg. G. i, 450. Phr. : the 
 vault 0/ the s.s, conve.xa i-uperum, Lucan 
 ;, 6}2 : Virg. • the s., aetheria pls^a, id. 
 Aen. I, 394: under the open «„ aprico 
 Lare, Prop. 4 (5), 10, 18. 
 
 sky-blue: caenileus (or in poet, 
 caerulus) ; Cic. Virg. 
 
 skyey: caelestis,v.HEAVESLT: ether- 
 
 ius, V. ETHERIAI. 
 
 sky-lark : alauda •. v. lark. 
 
 sky-light : expr. by words denoting 
 1 window: more exactly, • fenestra tecto 
 indita, after PI. Rud. i, i, 6; fenestrula, 
 A.pp. M. 9, p. ZJI, or fcnestrella, Col. : 
 lumen may also be used, Vitr. 5, 10, 5 : 
 cf. 6, 6, 6-7 ; the lights from above iu 
 Ihe Roman catacombs are termed lumi- 
 aaria; Kr. gives * fenestra quae est in 
 tecto. 
 
 slab: no exact equiv.: it may be 
 expr. by (i.) crusta (a thiu slice of 
 marble, etc., used to face a building): 
 to cover the walls with s.s of viarble, 
 parietes crusta operire, Plin. !&. 6, 7 : 
 .<!.s of Numidmn marble, c. Numidicae, 
 Sen. Ep. 86, 6: cf. id. Ben. 4, 6, 2: (ii.) 
 abacus {the flat square stone on the 
 top of a column), Vitr. }, 5. 5 (?. «°) = 
 (iii.) less precisely by quadra (a square 
 stmie) ; tabula {a votice s., tablet) ; 
 tessgra {a small s. used in pavements). 
 slabber: v. slaver. 
 
 slack (adj.): I Loose: 1. re- 
 missus (prop. Sipaii. : opp. lo contentus) : 
 a s. bow. T. arcus, Hor. Od. j, 27, 67 : 
 when our muscles are s., remlssis cor- 
 poribus, Cic Tusc. 2, 2 J, 54 ^ v. unbent, 
 UNSTRUNG. 2. laxus : a s. rope. 1. funis, 
 Hor. S. 2, 7. 20 : a s. bow, 1. an us, Virg. 
 Aen. II, 874: s. reins, I. habenae, Cic. 
 Am. t J, 45 (fig.) : V. UMSF.. 3, fluxus 
 { flowing Uosdy) : a s. rein. f. habena, 
 Liv. j8, 29: xtieapons hanging s„ f. anna, 
 Tac. H. 2, 99. 4. fluidus ! 5. arms, 
 f. lacerti, Ov. M. 15. 2Ji : Liv. J4. 47- 
 Phr. : as. bow, mollis arcus. Ov. H. 4, 
 92 : s. reins, jacentia lora, id. M. 2, 201 
 {hanging on the horse's neck) : s. sails, 
 languida carbasa, Lucan ;, 421 ; flaccida 
 vela, App. II. Hrmiss, back(tard : 
 
 1. remissus (esp. freq. in comp. de- 
 gree): to be of a s. and languid disposi- 
 timi, r. ac languido esse animo, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 21 : rather s. in seeking, re- 
 missior in petendo, Cic. Mur. 26, 52: 
 Sail.: Hor. 2. dissolutus, Laxus* v. 
 LAX. 3, piger. gra, grum {reluctant) : 
 a race very s. in military service, gens 
 pigerrima ad militarla opera, Liv. 2 1, 25 : 
 so also segnis v. slow, sluggish. 4. 
 negllgens, ntis, or indiligens, ntis, v. 
 NEGLIGENT. Phr. : to be s in corre- 
 spondence, pigrari scribere, Cic. Att. 14, 
 I ; cessatorem esse in Uteris, id. Fam. 
 9, 17, ad fin. : to be s., flaccescere, lan- 
 guescere, v. flag, drooh, languish ^ 
 business is s., * languescent negolia. 
 slack K, i I. '''o l^sen: 1. 
 
 slacken 5 ( rgmitto,misi, missum, 
 J to tighten or s. the reins, habenas vel 
 adducere vel r., Cic. Am. u, 45 (fig-)- 
 V. lOOSEN. 2. rglaxo, I . v. relax, 
 UKBBND II , To lessen : minuo, 1 • 
 
 V. DIMINISH : to s. mie's pace, gradum 
 l^uum) m. Quint. 2, i, 7 |l|. i n- 
 752 
 
 trans.- to abate: trans, usu. by ^xms. 
 vbs., such as remitti, minui, v. abate, 
 
 DIMINISH. DECREASE 
 
 Slackly; I. '-ooselyr 1. laxe. 
 V. LOOSELY. 2. expr. more treq. by 
 a^j- II. Remissly. 1. dissolute: 
 v. LAXLY. 2. negligenter . v, negli- 
 gently. (N.B.— Remisse is used by Cic. 
 for " gently, mildly " : fluxe occurs only 
 in Amm ) 
 
 slackness: I. Looseness: no 
 
 equiv.: expr. by the v ||. Back- 
 
 wardness : 1. remissio . s. and vant 
 of spirit under a grievous wrong, T. 
 animi ac dissolutio in acerbissima in- 
 juria, Cic. Fam. 5. 2. 9 : v. laxity. 
 2. pigritia ; v. sluggishness. 3. 
 tarditiis : v. slowness. 
 slag: scoria (o-Kwpta), Plin.: v.dkoss. 
 slain : as a part, or adj. : v. slay : 
 as a subs, expr., esp. in poet., by caedes 
 is, /. (prop, slaughter) : heaps of the s., 
 caeclis acervi, Virg. Aen. 10, 245 (cf. 
 acervi caesorum corporum, Liv. 22, 48 ; 
 strues corporum, Tac. H. 3, 8j) : the 
 streets are full of the s., plenae caedibus 
 viae, Tac. H. 4, i . so strages, is, /. ; 
 some rising from anumgst the s., adsur- 
 gentes quid'am ex media strage, Liv. 
 22, 5 1. Phr. : to steep one's hands in 
 the blood of the s.,ma.i\ns, nece imbuere, 
 Ov. A. A. 2, 714: the plains are strewn 
 with the s., morte campi contecti sunt, 
 Att. FragnL 
 
 slake : 1. exstinguo, nxi, nctum, 
 J : to s. one's thirst, e. sitim, Ov. M. 7. 
 579: v THIRST, yUENCH : tos. lime, cal- 
 cem e., Vitr. 2, 5, i. 2. restinguu, nxi, 
 nctum, 3: tos. thirst, r. sitim, Cic. Fin. 
 2. 3,9: to s. lime, r. calcem, Inscr. iu 
 Forcell. 3. macgro, i (to soften by 
 steeping) : to s. lime, m. calcem, glebas 
 calcls, Vitr. 7, 2 : he uses the noun 
 maceratio; also in 2, 5, i, he expr. it by 
 coquere. 
 
 slam; '«'• bang: to s. the dmr, 
 •ostium ingenti strepitu operire. 
 
 slander {subs.) ■. 1. crimen, inis, 
 n. (esp. in pi. : an accusation ; Ireq. 
 with falsa, ficta, or similar adjs.): s.s, 
 falsa c. Sail. Cat. J4: Hor.; to becorae 
 unpopular through the s.s of his adver- 
 saries, criminibus adversariorum in in- 
 vidiam venire, Nep. F^pam. 7, j : lo pro- 
 pagate s.s against any one, serere crimina 
 in aliquem, Liv. 24, 2J : Cic. 2. cri- 
 minatio (prop, the act of slandering) : 
 s.s brought forward by some one, c. ah 
 aliquo allatae, Cic. Am. 18. 65- Tac. 
 3, freq. expr. by mal6dictio, Cic. 
 Cael. i,t: or maledictum, id. Deiot. 10, 
 28. 4. morsus, iis. v. backbiting. 
 5. calumnia (a legal t. t. lor false 
 accusation, or the OiCtion brought for it : 
 hence it is well to avoid its use, except 
 in this sense : v. Diet. Ant.) : to side 
 with truth against s., veritati adesse 
 contra calumniam, CJuint. 12, i, 26 : 
 hence, to swear that the accusation 
 was not a mere s., jurare c, or de ca- 
 lumnia. Dig. : Liv. : to be cast in an 
 action for s., c. ferre, Cael. in Cic. Fam. 
 3. 8. I ; calumnia condemnari, Tac. A. 
 14, 41. 6. obtrectalio {envious de- 
 tractim) : v.' detraction, disparage- 
 ment. Join: o. et livor, Tac. H. I, i : 
 o. invldiaque, Cic. Brut. 42, 156. Phr. : 
 S.S, falsa oppiobria, Hor. Ep. i, 16, j8. 
 
 slander f"). J., cnminor, I (to 
 accuse : the sense being determined by 
 the context or qual. words) he s.'d 
 MeteUus to the Ronvin people, Metellum 
 apud populum Komanum criminatus 
 est, Cic. Off. ?, 20, 79 V. accuse. 2. 
 maledico, dixi, dictum, } (or as two 
 I words • to speak evil of: constr. with 
 dat.) : to s. a most excellent mar), m. 
 Optimo viro, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28: Hor. 
 V. REVILE. 3. calumnior {to con- 
 trive false accu^atims ; to quibble : 
 only to be used as a legal t. t: v. 
 preced. art.): Cic. 4. rodo, si, sum, 
 J : v. to backbite. 5. obtrecto, 1 : 
 V. detract. 6. diffSmo, i : v. de- 
 fame. Phr.: to s. one's fame, de all- 
 cujus fama detrahere, Cic. Faro, j, 8, 5 : 
 to s. any one, maledico dentts carpere 
 aliquem, id. Balb. 26, 57; falso insi- 
 
 mulare, Id. Verr. ;, 41, 107 ; ementlii to 
 aliquem, id. Part. Or. 14, 50. 
 
 slanderer: 1. criminator (constr. 
 with in) r Tac. A 4, 1. 2. malgdicax, 
 acis ■ PI. Cure. 4, 2, 26. 3. obt rectator 
 V. detractkr. 4, b^cOphanta • PI. : 
 Ter. : v. talebearer. (N.B. — Calum- 
 niator is a trickster.) 
 
 slanderous: 1. crimlnosus : s. 
 
 iambics, c. iambi, Hor. Od. i, 16, 2: Cic 
 
 2. malgdicus, maledicens (comp. 
 and superl. from the second form) : a s. 
 reviler, m. conviciator, Cic. Mur. 6, IJ : 
 a s. tongue, m. lingua, Val. Max. 8, 9, 
 extr., 2 : most s. accusations, raaledi- 
 centissima crimina. Suet. Caes. 75, extr. 
 
 3, famosus a s. pamphlet, f. li- 
 bellus, Tac. A. l, 72 : Hor. 4. falsus ; 
 V. false. 
 
 slanderously ; 1. maledtce : Join . 
 m. contumelioseque, Cic. Off. i, i^, IJ4: 
 m. ac maligne, Liv. 45, jq, ad fin. 2. 
 falso Cic. Mur 6, 13 : v. fai^ely, 
 (N.B. — Criminose means rather in an 
 accusatory and reproachful, than in a 
 slanderous way.) 
 
 slang: Phr.: an epithet of mili- 
 tary s,, vocabulum militaribus facetiii 
 ind'itum, Tac. A. 1, 2}: to abuse in 
 street s., raaledicta ex trivio arripere, 
 Cic. Mur. 6, i}: It may sometimes be 
 expr. by low language : sordes ver- 
 borum, Tac. Or. 21 : vemaculonim dicta. 
 Mart. 10, J, I (q. v.): trivialia verba. 
 Suet. Rhet. 6 proficiency in s. (.') dica- 
 citas scurrilis et sordida, id. Vesp 22. 
 
 slant, slanting: obiiquus. v. 
 
 OBLIQUE. 
 
 slantingly: oblique: v.oblwuelt. 
 
 slap {subs.): alapa: to give a smart 
 s., a. gravem ducere. Phaedr. 5, ?, 2 : so 
 of the s.s in a theatrical performance, 
 Juv. 8, 192 : to give a s.. palma porrecta 
 ferire, PI. Cas. 2,6, ;j. 
 
 slap {i>) ■ ^- preced. art. and strike. 
 
 slash ("■) : caedo, cecidi, caesum, j : 
 
 v. CUT. 
 
 slash {subs.) : ictus, us : v. stroke, 
 gash, cut. 
 
 slashing: Phr.: to write a t. 
 article against anybody, *defricare ali- 
 quem sale multo, after H..r. S i, 10. 4. 
 
 slate : no equiv. : it is scarcely pro- 
 bable that it was unknown to the Ro- 
 mans, but being little used it had no 
 distinctive name: schistos lapis, Plin. 
 }6, 20, J7, is schistose, mica schist : Kr. 
 has * lapis fissilis : but as this is vague, 
 prob. the M. L. *ardesius lapis would 
 be better : s.s for a roof is best expr. 
 by tegulae, v. tilk, shingle ■ a s. for 
 loriting on, by abacus (a counting- 
 board) or tabiila, v. tablet s -coUrur, 
 perh. livens, v. bluish if of a Ughter 
 shade (?), caeruleus, V, BLUE. 
 
 slater: expr, by scandularius {one 
 who roofs with shingles). Dig. ; v. also 
 tiler. 
 slattern : v. slut. 
 slaughter {subs.) .- 1. caedes, is,/, 
 (the most gen. t.) ; a vast s., ingens c, 
 Liv. 2, 64 : the s. of sheep, c. bldentium, 
 Hor. Od. }, 2?, 14 : to make a s, c. edere, 
 Liv. 5, 45, ad fin. : perpetrare, id. 4;, 
 5 : facere, id. jq, j6 . admittere, Suet. 
 Tib. J7: committere, Ov. H. 14, 59: 
 peragere, Lucan }, 580. 2. strages, is, 
 /; {defeat : often in pi.) : to cause a s., 
 "s. tacere, Liv. 5, 45 : ciere, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 829: edere, Cic. l^eg. J, 9, 22: Fig.: 
 id. Att. I, 16, ad init. 3. clades, is, 
 /. {an overthrow; esp. freq. as milit. 
 t. t); victorious without s., sine clade 
 victor, Hor Od. 4, 14. n: Cic. : to make 
 a s., c. facere. Sail. Jug. 59. ad fin.: v. 
 I DRFEAT. 4. occisio (rare)' Join: 
 j caedes et o., Cic. Caecin. 14, 4'i ** 
 Im. 5. interngcio (or internicio: a 
 general, s.) ; a s. of the entire race, 
 I. gentis, lac. A. 2, 21 ; Cic. Cat. }, 10, 
 25. 6. occidio {syn. of preced.) Liv. : 
 Cic. 7. trucidatio {butchery) : no 
 
 longer a fight, but as it were a s. of 
 cattle, noli Jam pugna, sed velui t pec- 
 orum, Liv. 28, 16 : Cic. 8. jiigulatio : 
 Auct. B. Hisp. 16. 9. inter'ectio: 
 Ascon. 10. nex, ngcis, f. (vioUnit 
 death) : the t. of many cititens, mnl-
 
 SLAUGHTER 
 
 SLAY 
 
 SLEEK 
 
 tonim civium neces, Cic. Cat. i, 7, 18. 
 11. expr. by sanguis, inis, m. ; cruor, 
 iris, m. (bUxitl-sheddinj) : these are freq. 
 )olnc(l to caedes; as, hitic cruor iilnc 
 caedes, Tib. 2, j, 42 (60) : intent upon 
 $., ad sanguiiiem d ad caedes obversus, 
 Tac. H. {,8?; cf. Llv. 2, 64. Phr. : 
 to buy an tix for s., ad cuUruni bovera 
 emere, Varr K. R. j, 5, 11. 
 
 slaughter (") ■• v. slav, kill. 
 
 -house : "o »'xact equlv. ■ Kr. 
 
 gives *at'd(s mactmdis besliis 111- 
 Btructae : a x.for swine is confectorlutn, 
 Gloss. Gr. Lat. Ike streets were like a s., 
 pleiiae caedibus viae, I'ac. H. 4, i. 
 
 slave (.subs.) : 1, servu.s, /., -a 
 (but see No. 6) : o s., tlie child of a 
 female s., s. servaque iiatus, Liv. i, 4; . 
 apublic s., s. publicus. Cic. Phil. 8, 8,24: 
 a runairay s., fugiliviis (sc. scrvus: cf. 
 Vatin. in Cic. Fani. 5, 9), Hor. S. i, ;, 
 16. Fig.: to be tke s. of lusts, llbidi- 
 num s. esse, Cic. Tiisc. 2, 4, I2 : «« are the 
 s.Soflaii< in order that ive may be able to 
 be free, leguin servi suinus ut liberi esse 
 possiraus, id. Clu. 55, 146. Jnmin. : 
 servulus, id. Caccin. 20, ;8 : /., -a, id. 
 Att. I, 12; QTert. has serviculus]. 2. 
 verna, comm. (a home-born s. ) : saucy s.s., 
 V. procaccs, Hor. S. 2, 6, 66: a s. fxuj, 
 vema pncr, Id. ib. 1, 2, 1 17 ; PI. IHmin. : 
 vemula, Juv. 10, 117. 3. famiiliis, 
 /. -a, Virg. (psp. fn-q. in poet. ; a do- 
 nutlic) : opp. to herus, Cic. Off. 2, 7. 24. 
 Fig. : virtue is tlic s. of fintune, virlus 
 est f fortunae, id. Tusc. 5, i, 2. Join ; 
 ministra et f., id. ib. i, ji. 75- 4. nian- 
 cipium (a s. obtained by a iieculiarform 
 of purchase: v. Diet. Antiq.) : s.s thought 
 forvioney, m. argento parala, l,iv. 41, 
 6, ad fin. : Hor. : Cic. 5. puer, Cri (a 
 boy, attendant) : Hor. Od. i , JS, t : Cic. 
 6. !tndUa(afemaU slave: far more 
 freq. than serva . tig it is also applied 
 to men) : male and female s.s love this 
 man, hunc servi a.que aniant, Cic. Verr. 
 J, 4, 8 : Fufidius, a rik s., tine disgrace 
 of all posts of honour. Fufidius, a. turpis, 
 honorum omnium dehoiiestamentum. 
 Sail. H. I, 15. IHmin.: aiicillula, Sen. 
 Ep. 47, 17. 7. expr. by certain col- 
 lective words: (i.) fiimilia {the do- 
 mestics) : the s.s of Mars, f. Martis, Cic. 
 Clu. 15, 4} : s.sfor saU. f. venallB, Pollio 
 In Qnint. 7, 2, 26 : so also famulatio, 
 App. : famulitium, Macr. (ii.) servi- 
 tium : such are s.s now-a-days, ita nunc 
 8. est, PI. Cure. 2, 5, 21 : Cic. Coel. J2, 78. 
 (iii.) servitus; Hor. Od. 2, 8, 18. (iv.) 
 venalicia, s.», Ulp. Dig. 28, 8, 5. 8. 
 expr. by words indicaiing his special 
 ofBce or condition : an under s , vicarius, 
 Cic. Verr. i, ^6, 9}: /. -a, Inscr. : a s. 
 of all work, mgdiastinus, Hor. Ep. i, 14, 
 14: a s. who tells tfie names of those he 
 meets, nomenclator, Cic. Mur. }6, 77 ; 
 an old s., veterator, Vmul. Dig. 21, l, 
 65 : as. for sale, venalis, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 56, 146 : novitius, yiiint. 8, 2, 8 : a 
 fellow s., conservus, Cic. Fain. 12, ?, 2 : 
 /. -a, PI.. Ov. IHmin.: conservula. 
 Sen.: tlie husband or wife of a slave. 
 contubernnlis. Col. : the cohabitation of 
 s.s was CiiUed contuberriium, id. Phr.: 
 to sell as a s., sub corona vendere, Caes. 
 B. G. }, 16 (from the old custom of sell- 
 ing captives) a band ofs.s, nianus ser- 
 vilis, Hor Kp. 4, 19 vernacula niulti- 
 tudo, Tac. A. i, ji . a reixdt if the s.s, 
 tumultus servills, Cae,s. B. G. 1, 40- 
 the private property of a s., peculium, 
 » Diet. Antiq. 
 slave (f •) ■ sudo, I : Cic. : v. sweat, 
 
 TOIL. 
 
 — -. to be a . servio, 4: to be the s. 
 of lust, s. libidlni. Sen. Kp. 47, 17 : to be 
 a, s. for ever, s. aeternum, Hor. Kp. i, 10, 
 41 : Cic. Phr.: to be the s. of pleasure. 
 voluptatlbus obedire, Cic. Ri'p. 6, 26 ; se 
 dedere, id. ib. v give onesklf up to. 
 
 -dealer ; 1. mango, onis : 
 
 Quint. . PI. Dig. 2. vr-nalicius: Cic. 
 Or, 70, 2}2. 3. vi5naliciririus Ulp. 
 Dig. 14, 4, I. 4. niancipiorum nego- 
 tiator. Quint. 5. 12, 17 
 
 -market ; * formn quo man- 
 
 clpia (etc.) veno proponuntur, Kr. : one 
 bought in the s., de iapidc emptus, Cic. 
 
 Pis. 15, 55; so called because sj were 
 put on a raised sione or platform (ca- 
 lasta) : v. Diet. Antiq. 
 
 slaver («"&■«.).• |. a slare-ship: 
 •navis ad transpor'andos servos in- 
 slructa. II. .Saliva: saliva: .Juv. Plin.. 
 froUiy «., spumeae 8., Prud. <nt(t>. i, loi : 
 
 V. SALIVA. 
 
 slaver (".): expr. by phr.: his lips 
 s.frtely, longam manant labra s., .luv. 6, 
 622: '" .f..<, 'os niadft saliva. Kr. 
 
 slavering : saiivosus : App. : a s. 
 mouth, lluldum salivis os. Col. 6, 9, 2 
 (of an animal). 
 
 slavery : 1. servitus, iitis : on 
 endurable stale of s., tolerabilis conditio 
 servitutis. Cic. Cat. 4. 8, 16: a just and 
 viiid .'., justa ac clemciis s., Ter. Andr. 
 
 1, I, 9: tlie yoke of harsh s., durae ser- 
 vituiis jugum, Cic. Rep. 2, 25: v. yoke: 
 to be in a state of s., s. servire, Cic. lop. 
 6, 29 (an old phr. aa;. to Quint. 7, j, 
 26); to reduce to s., in servitutem dare, 
 Liv 41, 6, extr.: addlcere, id. }, 56. s. 
 (allcui) Injungere, Caes. B. G. 7, 77, ad 
 
 fill. : to e7idure s., B. perpell, Cic. Phil. 
 8, II, 52: to free <me's country from s., 
 patriani e servitute in libi:rlatcm vin- 
 dicare, Nep. Tbras. I, 2. (N.B.— The 
 form servituilo, Liv. 24, 22 is very 
 doubiful: Weisscnborn has reji cted it.) 
 2. serviiiimi (the conditimi of a 
 slave, often with esp. reference to his 
 deliasing serxnces) : to reduce to »., ducere 
 in s., Liv. 2, 2? : to relieve from s., ser- 
 vltio levare, Hor. S. 2, 5, 99: Sail. Con- 
 servitium in PI. Capt. 2, i, ;6 is joints. 
 3, fiinTiilatus, us (the condition of a 
 dome.'^tii) : to be iv a state if s., in 
 famulatu esse, Cic. Am. 19, 70: the form 
 famuliias occurs in Att. Phr. : the yoke 
 of s.. jugum servile, Cic. Phil, i, 2, 6; 
 famulare, S»'n. Troad. 757 : v. YOKE. 
 slave-traffic ( veniiliiium (slave - 
 slave-trade » selling), Petr. 29. 
 i: Dig. 
 
 slavish : 1. servllls (prop, of or 
 belonging to a slave ; no romp, or sup.) : 
 a s. dispositiim, s. indoles, Liv. i, 5 : a 
 «. office, s. ministerium, id. 59, 25 : s. 
 trices, s. viiia, id. 26, 2: Cic: v. ser- 
 vile. 2. s»>r\'us : (J ye imitatvrs .' 
 .?. herd! imitatores ! s pecus ! Hor. 
 Ep. I, 19, 19: Ov. : Liv.- Sail. 3. 
 vernilis : s. flattery, s. blandiliae, Tac. H. 
 
 2, 59. 4. obnoxius {ntean-spirited) : 
 either pioud or s., aut superbus aut o., 
 Liv. 2J, 12 (obnoxiosus occurs in PI.). 
 
 5. ancillaris (prop, of or belonging 
 to a.femaJi slaiK : lit. in Cic): s. flattery, 
 a. adulatio, Aiimi. 26,6, 16. (.N.B. — The 
 ailjs. famulaiis and famulus are used in 
 thi' sen.se of belonging to a slave, lit) 
 Phr.: to perform s. duties, servorum 
 munere fungi, Nep. Pans, j, 6. 
 
 slavishly • 1. serviliter : Cic. 
 
 Tusc. 2, 2 J, 55. 2. verniliter: Hor. .S. 
 2, 6. 108. 3. obnoxie : Liv. ;, 59 
 (obnoxlose, PI.) 4. fUmulanter: Att. 
 in Non. (for which we find in Stat. S. j, 
 
 1, 40, the neut. adj. fanmlare). Phr. : 
 .s. devoted to an opinion, sententiae 
 quasi addictus consecratusque, Cic. Tusc. 
 
 2, 2, 5 
 
 slavishness ; vernilltas • Sen. Ep. 
 
 95,2: Quiut. : v. ser\ ILITV. 
 
 slay : 1. interficio, feci, fectum, j 
 (the most gen. teiin: ver.y freq. in 
 Ca(s;ir") to s. a man. Iiominem i., Caes. 
 B. <;. 5, 7 : Cic. : Virg. 2. occido, cidi, 
 cisum, ? (lo cut lionn : more rarel.v 
 transf. to killing by poison, etc.): to s. 
 his virgin daughter with his oicn hand, 
 virginein filiam sua inanu o., Cic. Fin. 
 2, 20, 66 ■ Caes. : Liv. 3. caedo, cficidi, 
 caesuni, } (to cut, kill : esp. animals for 
 sacrifice) : when they were being slain mi 
 allsides, cum ab oiimi pane caederentur, 
 Liv. 4, 10: to s. victims, c. hostias, Cic. 
 Clu. 68, 194. 4. concldo, cidi. cisum, 
 J (to cut to pieces : less freq. than the 
 twopreced.): to s. a great multitude, 
 c magnara multitudlnem, Caes. I!, (i. 2, 
 II. 5. nCco, avi (and ui), atum, l 
 v. KTLL. 6. interlmo. emi, eniptum 
 or cmium. ? (to take away) ■ he is said 
 to have slain Argus, dicitur Argum 
 interemisse, Cic N. D. j, 22, ;6. 7. 
 
 p£rimo, emi, emptum. or emtum, } 
 (poet.) : my right hand fhall s. him, 
 huncperiniet niea de.vtra.Ov M. 8, 195. 
 8. exSnimo, i (tn lUyriie of breath : 
 esp. freq. \u iiOis): to s. onerelf, e. S4 
 Caes. B. G 6, n : Hor. 9_ triicid(* 
 i: v. botcher, MASSACRE' (comm- 
 cido occurs in Cic. : Sen.) 10. Jii- 
 giilo, I (to slay by cutting the titroat); 
 and obtrunco, i (to cut to pieces ^ 
 V. ML'BDER. 11. percnlio, cussi, cus- 
 sura, i {to run through, stab) : by 
 whose hand he itxu slain I care not. 
 cujus manu sit {M-rcussus non laboro, 
 Cic. Rose. Am. J4, 97 Ov 12. f6rio, 
 no pf., 4 (strike, smile): to s. tlie enemy, 
 bogtem f.. Sail. Cat. 7: to s. a lamb, f. 
 agnam, Hor. Ol. 2. 17. J2 : so eWigo. 
 .^en. : ctflkUi, P\. = strike dead. i3. 
 conficio, leci, fi-cium, j (to make an end 
 of): to s. a vast quantity oj serpmts, 
 maximani vim serpeniluui c, Cic. N. L/ 
 I, j6, loi: Liv. I, 2?. 14. tollo, su»- 
 tiili, subliilum, ] (to tai.e anay: esp. 
 freq. with de or e medio) ■ to s. Oruius 
 with the snord, t. Driisum ferro, Cic 
 N. I». }, a, 81. 15. alwCimo. mpsi. 
 miJtura, } (to destroy : a posl-Augiislan 
 word): hunger slew more than did the 
 siiord, plures fames quam ferrum ab- 
 suinpsit. Liv. 22, 59: Virg.: so consiimo, 
 V. DE^^TKoy. 1&. leto, I (rare) : tlain 
 bodies, leiata corpora, Ov. M. J, 55. 
 17. exstinguo, nxi, nctum, } (to 
 cause to disajipear. extinguish) : Sail. J 
 24. Phr.; to s,, inlerre (allcui) mor- 
 tem, Cic. Mil. 7, 17; ncceni, id. ib. 4. 
 10 ; letum, PI. : niorte mactare, Cic. 
 Rep. 2, ij; privare (aliquem) vita. Id. 
 Phil. 9, 4, 8 ; adimere vitam (alicui), 
 id. ib. 2, J, 5 ; spollare (aliquem) vit*, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 168 ; animam adimere, 
 PI. Mil. }, I, IJ5 ; morti, leto dare ali- 
 quem, Hor. S. 2, ?, 197; Virg.: (also 
 ad mortem, PI.) ; neci mitiere,demittere, 
 Virg. Aen. 12. 51 j ; 2. 85 (so al.so Oreo); 
 sternere caede (aliquem), id. 10. 119; 
 sopire (to send to sleep), Sll. . to be .^lain, 
 occumbere (morti, leto, etc.): v. die. 
 
 slay oneself : expr. by mortem, 
 neceni, letiiiii sibi consciscere, Caes. B. G 
 I, 4 : Cic. N. D. 2, ?, 8 ; I'l. Mil. 4, 6, 26 
 vita se privare, Cic. de Or. }, }, 9; .sese 
 mortc multare, id. Rep. 2, ?5 ; letum 
 sibi manu parere, Virg. Aen. 6. 414 : v. 
 sriiiDK, and cf. sponte sua lelo caput 
 obvius obtulit ipse, Lucr. ?, '0'9- 
 
 slayer: 1. interlector: Cic. Mil. 
 27. 72 (fig '" Tert.) ; f -trix, Tuc. A. J, 
 17. 2. occisor: PI. Mil. 4, 2. 65. 
 
 3. nCcator Lampr.&mimod. 18. ij. 
 
 4. iiiterempior : Veil. 2, 129. i • f, 
 -trlx, Lact. 5. pCremptor ; Sen. Oed, 
 225 : /. -trix, Tert. 6. mactator : 
 Sen. Troad. 1012. 7. jugiilator (a cut- 
 throat) : Salv. 8. tracidator (o 
 butclierer): Aug. 9. percussor: Cic 
 Phil. 2, 29, 74. 10. confecior: .Suet, 
 Aug. 4}. 11. cultrarius (('it' s'ai'^A/^rr 
 of a sacrificial victim) : SueL Oil. 12. 
 
 12. expr by subs, compounded with 
 caedo, to kill, cf. Lat. Gram. } 175 ; so. 
 sororicida — s.of a sister ; homicida = 
 s. of a man ; parricida, *. of a.h'lher or 
 relative ; tviannicida ^ s. of a tyrant. 
 
 slaying ; U!*"- expr. hy a verb ■ the 
 foil, however occur: i. interfectio. 
 Ascon. 2, niactatus, us: Lucr. 1,99 
 In -Vrnob. macuitio. 3. piTemptio 
 Aug. 4 caesio: Tert. 5. Jug^uliitlo: 
 Auct. B. liisp. 16. 6. trucl.latio Liv, : 
 v. BtrroHKRv. 7. various compounds 
 of caedo ; as, the s. of a tyrant, tyranni- 
 cidium. Sen.; Quint.: so, parrlcldium. 
 fratricidiuni, homicidium • v. preced. art 
 
 sledge : I. -■* kind of vehicle : no 
 precise equiv. : the one in use Is trab.i 
 (Col. 2, 21, 4) or trihea (Virg C. i, 164), 
 which prop, denote a drag made of wo<id 
 or stone, used in agrlrullure: hence, to*, 
 * trahis vein, Kr. sledging, • traharum 
 vectiones. Id.: a man nho guides a », 
 traharius, Sidon. ||. A laige hamno-r : 
 peril, malleus, which denotes a hammer 
 of considerable size • malleolus bi-ing the 
 tern: tor a smaller one. 
 
 sleek : 1. mtidus : *. beasts, n. jo- 
 meuta, Nep. Eum. 5,6: (,cf. me pinguem
 
 SLEEP 
 
 SLEEPER 
 
 SLEEV E 
 
 et nitldnm bene curata cute, Hor Ep. i> 
 4 15) 2 iiitens. "I's : « *• ''"'^ '^• 
 taurus,Virg;Aea j,2o. Phr ■- the herds 
 (of oxen) grow s^ armenta nitescunt. 
 PUn. Ep. 2. n. } 
 
 sleep (.subs.) : 1. Bomnus fthe most 
 gea t used also in pi., esp. in poet.) 
 calm s., s. pUcidus. Ov. F i, 18;; 
 tranquiUus, Sen, Ira, j, j6, 2 $Mief s., 
 tacitus s.. Tib 2. i. 89 ffenil« s., mollis 
 8.. Cat 68. 5 ; pl-, Virg. ii 2, 41°; Ifnt-s, 
 Hor Od. J. I, 22 deep s., s. alius, id. b. 
 2. r, 8 ; artus, Cic. Rep. 6, 10 a ven/ 
 sound s., verissimus 9., Plin. Ep. 6, 16 : 
 light s., s. leves, Hor. Epod. 2, 28; 
 tenues, Stat Th. i, 189; heavy s., s. 
 gravis. Sen, H. F. 1056; the first s., 
 primus s., Virg. Aen. 1. 4lo: s. easy to 
 obtain, s. facilis. Hor. Od. 2. 11, 8 r (.opp. 
 to diffloilis. Sen. Tranq. 2. 6) thi: s. of 
 sorrow, tristis s.. Cat. 64, 122 the s. of 
 frenzy, furiales s., Plin. 14, 22, 28 } 14^ • 
 the s. of oblivion, s. lethaeus, Virg. G. I, 
 78 .- eternal s. (i. e. death), s. sempi- 
 temus, Cic. Tusc. i, 49, 117 ; perpetuus, 
 Hor, Od. I. 24, 5; longus, id. ib. j. n, 
 j8 the "s. that knons no waking, s. 
 ferreus, Virg. Aen. 10, ',i,i : toprocure s., 
 consequl ut s. accedat. Gels. }, 18 ■ to 
 induces by drugs, medicamentis s. ar- 
 cesstre, moliri. id. ib. : to produce s., 
 s. facere, id.: Plin. 20, ;, 20; conciliare, 
 id. 21, 20, 8j; allicere, id. 9, i j, 15; con- 
 citare, id. 20, 17, ^r, par6re. Id. 19, 8, j8 ; 
 gignere, id. 2 1 , 19, 77 : to court s., s. sequi, 
 Tib. I. I, 48 : s. steals over any one, ob- 
 repit alicui s., Plin. Ep. 7,4. : tobe hardly 
 able to keep from s., s. vix t^nere, Cic. 
 Brut. 80, 218: to close the eyes in s., 
 connlvere sonino. id N D. 2. 57, 14? : 
 to give icay to s., somno indulgere, Tac. A. 
 16, 19: to be overpoivered by s., somno 
 opprimi, Caes. B. C. 2, j8 ; premi, PUn. 
 10. 77, 98; coniplecti, Cic. Rep. 6, 10; 
 urgeri, Cic. Alt. 12, 9 : sunk in s., sonino 
 torpidi, Liv. 7, 36; mersi, id. 41, i.exlr.; 
 soluti. Virg. Aen. 9, 189 : in. during s., 
 in Bomnis, Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 82 ; per som- 
 num, id. Div. 2, ii, 27; per somnos, 
 i'lin. 2J, I, 24. extr.; somno, Liv. 8, 6: 
 not to have a uink of s., s. non videre 
 oculis. Ter. Heaut. }. i, 82- Cic; v. 
 SLEEPLESS : to have had enough s., somno 
 gatiatum esse, Liv, 2, 6; ■ to drive away, 
 prevent s., s. prohibere, Cels. 5. 25. 5; 
 impedire, id. 3, 8; fugare, lib. i, 1, 4; 
 adimere (opp. to dare), Virg. Aen. 4, 
 244 ; divellere, Hor. Ep. i, 10, 18 ; 
 eripere, Juv. j, 2j8: to rouse from s., 
 e Bomno excitare, Cic. Rep. 6, 12 ; sus- 
 citare, id. Tusc. 4, 19, 44 ■• s.from which 
 a man caniwt be roused, s. inexcitabilis. 
 Sen. Ep. 8j, 15: to interrupt one's s., 
 ». interrumpere, Plin. 28, 4. 14 ■ *" startle 
 from s., somnum r., Virg. Aen. 7, 458; 
 somnos abninipere, id.G. j,5}o: to start 
 from s., corrlpere e somno corpus, id. 
 Aen. 4. 572 : s. departs, s. abit, Ov F. 
 ?, 2J : to bri7ig back s., reducere s.. Hor. 
 Od. J. I, 21 : as a deity, Somnus, Ov. M. 
 II, 592 (if. Stat. Th. 10, 84-117; S..5,4)- 
 2. s6por (prop, a heavy s. ; but also 
 = somnus, esp. in poet.) : a heavy s. 
 annihilates even dreams, (jravis s. etiam 
 somnia exstinguit. Sen. Kp. 5 J, 1- ''<"«''2' 
 t , piger s.. Cat. 6j, !7 s. closes my eyes, 
 occupat luniiiia s., Tib. i, 2, 2 : to enjoy 
 quiet s., placidum s. carpere, Virg. Aen. 
 4, 522- to rest one's neary limbs in s., 
 Bopore placare artus languidos, Att. in 
 Cic. Dii'. I, 22, 44 . (cf. suninus devinxit 
 membra suavi sopore, Lucr. 4, 452) : of 
 the s.-god. Prop. i. j, 45 . also used, like 
 preced., of the s. of death : altus aeterii- 
 usque sopor, Lucr. }, 466. 3. Quies, 
 m&. f. (.rest) : s. by night, noctuma q., 
 Sen." Ira, ?, j6, I. soothing s., blanda 
 quies,Ov E. f. 19 : deep s., q. alta. Virg. 
 Aen 6, 522 : the time of deep s., sopitae 
 quietis tenipus, Liv. 9, 57: 7-igid s (of 
 death), dura q . Virg. Aen. 10, 74? : rn «., 
 secundum quietem, Cic. Div. 2, 66, i j; 
 per quietem. Suet, Caes. 81. 4. nox. 
 ctis,/ (night ; hence, poet, s.) : to sink 
 to s., pectore noctem accipere, Virg. Aen. 
 4, 5J0 the s. of oblivion, Lethaea nox. 
 Ov. A. A. J, 648. Phr virtue, lulled 
 to «., sopita virtus, Cic. Cael. 17. 41 • *" 
 754 
 
 talk in one's s., per somnia loqui, Lucr. 
 
 ' sleep ("•) -• 1- dormio, 4 (the most 
 gen. t • used in poet, as pass, impers.) : 
 to s more heavily from fatigue, Cic, 
 Inv. 2, 4, 14 ; to s. lightly, leviter d., 
 Sen. Ep. 5 5. T to s. little, exlguum d., 
 I'lin. 10,77,97: to s.vei-y little, mmimuva 
 d.. Sen. Ep 8 J, 6 to s. until past day- 
 light, d. in lucem. Hor. Ep. I, 18, 54: 
 to s. m till midday, in medium diem d., 
 after id. ib. i.i,io:tos.at miMay, men- 
 die d., Plin. Ep. 7, 4 : Ae is dismissed to s., 
 dormitum dimittitur, Hor. Ep. i, 7, 7? = 
 we must s. one eternal s.. nox est per- 
 petua una dormienda, Catul. ;, 6 he 
 S.S whilst he is anake, vigilans dormit, PI. 
 Ps. I, J. i;i (167) (prov.) : hence. Fig.: 
 i/o« are s.ing, and do not seem yet to 
 under'stand these things, vos dormitis 
 nee haec adhuc intelligere videmini, 
 Cael. in Cic. Fani. 8, 17, 2 : to s. easily on 
 either ear, d. otiose in utramvis aurem, 
 Ter. Heaut 2, J, loi : so, in dextram 
 aurem. Plin. Ep. 4, 29 (prov., of those 
 who are indifferent) ; v. sluggish, i>ull, 
 NEGLIGENT. 2. dormUo, 1 (freq. of 
 preced. : to fall asleep, s. habitually) : 
 to begin to s. soundly and heavily, arte 
 etgraviter d. coepisse, Cic. Div. i, 28, 59. 
 Fig.: sometimes good Eomer s.s, quan- 
 doque bonus dormitat Homerus, Hor. 
 A. P. J59 (quoted by Quint. 10, i, 24). 
 3. quiesco. evi, etum. J (to rest): 
 the praetor was s.ing, praetor quiescebat 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 14, J2 : he slept well, bene 
 quievit Plin. Ep. 5, 16, j : he did not s. 
 more than three hours at night, nonplus 
 quam tribus noctumis horis quievit 
 Suet Cal. 50. 4. conquiesco, evi, 
 
 etum, ? (less freq. than preced.): to s. 
 at midday, meridie c, Caes. B. G. 7. 4° : 
 Suet. Phr. : to be aluays ready to s., 
 sorani esse paratissimi, Plin. Ep. J, 5 : 
 to s. very little, brevissimo uti somno. 
 Sen. Ep. 8 J, 6: v. sleeper: he could 
 not s. at all, nuUo horae momento con- 
 tigit somnus, Plin. 7, 5'. 52: to s. on 
 till past day-light, somnum in diem ex- 
 trahere, Tac. Germ. 22 : all living crea- 
 tures slept, somnus habebat animalia, 
 Virg. Aen. j, 147 : to s., somnum, quie- 
 tem capere, Cic. Att 8, i, extr. ; Caes. 
 B. G. 6, 28; somnos ducere. carpere, 
 Virg. .^en. 4. 555, 560: quietem trahere. 
 Plop. 1, 14. 9 : v. also go to sleep, fall 
 ASLEEP : to be fast asleep, condormire. 
 Suet Aug. 78: to have guards to keep 
 uatch xvhile he slept, diapositos supra 
 somnum habere, Curt. 6, 11, ?. 
 
 again : redormio (rare) : Plin. 
 
 Ep. 9, j6: (hence the ^ubst. redormi- 
 tatio in Plin. 10, 75. <J8) or by a phr. : 
 somnum repetere. Cic. Att. ij. ?8; 
 somnum interruptum recuperare. Suet. 
 Aug. 78. 
 
 , to go: obdormisco, j r v. fall 
 
 ASLEEP : or bv phr. : ire dormitum, 
 Hor S. I, 6. 119"; cubitum (to lie dou-n), 
 Cic. Rose. Am. 2!, 64; ire ad quietem, 
 id. Div. I, 29. 60 ; in somnum abire, 
 Lucr. J. 1064 ; somnum inire, Virg. E. 
 
 1, 56; .«umno se dare, Cic. Tusc. i, 47, 
 11 j; quieti se tradere, id. Div. i, 29. 61 : 
 corpus quieti dare, Liv. 9, JT, condor- 
 misco, PI., is to be going fast asUep. 
 
 off; 1. edormio, 4: to s. off 
 
 the debamii, e. crapulani, Cic. Phil. 2, 
 I ?, JO • also to s. through ; to s. through 
 the part of Uiona, Ilionam e., Hor. S. 
 
 2, J, 61. 2. edormisco, } : PI. Rud. 
 
 2.7.28. ^ ._, 
 OIX . perdormlsco, J ■ to s. on iul 
 
 daylight, p.' ad lucem, PI. Men. 5, 5. 29. 
 over: indormio, 4 to s. over 
 
 his money bags, 1. saccis, Hor. S- y. i. 
 
 70- Fig.; to s. over such a matter, 
 
 tantae causae i., Cic. PhiL 2, 12, }o: 
 
 V. NEGLIGENT, TORPID. 
 
 through. ■ ^ under sleep off. 
 
 sleep-bringing; v- sleepy. No 1 
 sleeper • I ^^"« "*" * ^ 
 dormitor. Mart. 10, 4. 4= better expr. 
 by t*. or phr to be a poor s., brevis- 
 simi esse somni. Suet Claud. J5. Dor- 
 mitotor in PI. Trin. 4. 2, 20 is a thief 
 uho sleeps by day only. ||. A beam 
 on u:hich joists rest . * traDs m solo 
 
 coUocata quae tlgna transTersaria 
 (joists) sustinet. 
 
 sleepily : !• sommctilose : PL 
 
 Am. 2, I, 78. 2. oscitanter (yawn- 
 ingly): Cic. Brut 80, 277. 3. Expr- 
 by other advs. : " segnlter, otiose, negli- 
 genter agere," Liv. 2, 58 • v. slugcishlt, 
 
 IDLY, TORPIDLY. 
 
 sleepiness : perh. best expr. by a 
 phr., such as somni cupido, Sail. C. 1 j : 
 uther words are :— 1. veternus (a* 
 a disease of old people) : PI. Men. 5. 
 4, J : Fig.: Hor, Ep. i, 8, 10 v slug- 
 gishness, TORPOR. 2. somnolentia; 
 Sid. 3, sSpor (only in fig. sense): 
 Join: s. et ignavia. Tac. H. 2, 76. 
 
 sleeping-draught : s6por : to wU 
 
 minister a s., s. dare, Nep. Dion, 2, 5 : 
 also soporifera potio. Spart. Hadr. 26, 
 ad fin. 
 
 partner: *socius qm pecu- 
 
 iiiam non operam confert (cf. Gai. j, 
 
 149)- 
 
 room : cfibiciilum : v. bed- 
 room. 
 
 sleepless l 1. insomnis : a ». 
 night, nox i., Virg. Aen. 9, 167 : Tac. 
 (see No. 5): 2. exsomnis : Virg. 
 
 Aen. 6, 556: Veil.: Hor. Od. i, 25, 9 
 (Orell.). 3. desomnis: Petr. 47, 5. 
 4 insomniosus (of one who is 
 habituaUy s.): Cat R. R. IJT 8. 5. 
 pervigil {thoroughly watchful) : a S. 
 night, p. nox. Just 12, ij: Tac. A. I, 
 6; expressly distinguishes it from in- 
 somnis; "insomnes magis quam pervi- 
 giles " : whilst Plin. Pan. 6j joins p. et 
 insomnis vigil denotes v atchful, alert. 
 Phr.: to pass a s. night, vigilare da 
 nocte, Cic. Q. Fr. 2. 15 (U), 2: so evigi- 
 lare, pervigilare : v. awake. 
 
 sleeplessness : 1. insomnia (used 
 also in the pi.) : to be free from «., 
 in^^omniis carere, Cic. Sen. i j, 44 : Suet 
 Cal. 50. 2. insomnium : Plin. 20, 9, 
 J J. 3. vigilia: to be harassed by s. 
 at night', noctuma vigilia premi, Cels. 
 2 4, od init.; Cic. Parad. pref., od fin. 
 4 vigilantia: Cic. v. wakeful- 
 ness. * 5. vigilatio : CaeL Aur. (N.B. 
 
 pervigilium, persigUatio is o watchr- 
 
 ing all night long.) 
 
 sleepy : I. causing sleep. 1, 
 sSporus : «. night, s. nox, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 J90. 2. soporlfer: the s. peppy, s. 
 papaver, Virg. Aen. 4, 486 : as epithet 
 of the Sleep-God, Lucan }, 8. 3. 
 
 somnifer : s. wand. s. virga, Ov. M. I, 
 672. 4. somniticus : tlie. s. influence 
 of the mandrake, s. vis mandragorae, 
 Plin. 2;, U, 94. Phr.: s., somno aptus, 
 Cels. 2, J2; valens ad somnum, id. 5, 
 25, 2. II. Inclined to sleep : \. semi- 
 somnus or semisomnis {half -asleep) : 
 s., and for the most part unarmed, s. 
 ac maxima parte inernies, Liv. 9, 24; 
 Cic. Fani. 7, I, 1 : v. drowsy. 2. 
 somiiTculosus : (habitually s.) : listless, 
 slugnish, s. age, iners, ignava, s. senec- 
 tus Cic. Sen. 11, j6: of the Etesian 
 winds, St-n. N. Q. 5, ". 2 ,3. '^eter- 
 nosus {lethargic) : O S. old man: 
 v. senex, Ter. Eun. 4, 4. 21. 4. 
 somnulentus: App. (who has also semi- 
 sopitus). 5. soporus- s.unth urine, 
 &. vino, Val. Fl. 2, 222 : (semlsoporus, 
 Sid.). Phr.: to be unnaturally s., 
 somno ultra debitum urgeri, Cels. 2. 4, 
 ad init.: s., somni plenus, Cic. Host 
 Red. 6, 15 (if however desirous of out 
 unable to obtain s., indigens somni. 
 Suet Aug. 78): s. and gluttonous, de- 
 ditus somno ciboque, Tac. G 15 oaU. 
 
 sleet: V>erh. nivosa grando: l^iv. 21, 
 58 (I! and A.give nix concretapruina, 
 from Lucr. 5. 20 . but those words are 
 simply descriptive ot snow in general.; 
 Or perh. *nix grandine mixta ac coii- 
 
 " sleeve: manTca; nsu. pi, denoting 
 thetion s.s: Virg. Aen. 9, 616 • to toeor 
 s X vestitum superiorem in manicas ex- 
 tendere. Tac. G. 17. (Manulea, or ma- 
 nuleus V. rare.) Fwnisliedwith s.l 
 {as a tunic), maulcatus, Cic. Cat 2. 10, 
 22- less freq. manicleatus, Isid. ; also, 
 ma'nuleatus (homo), a person wearing 
 (long) s.s. Suet. Cal. 52. Phr. : to laugh
 
 SLEIGH 
 
 S I> 1 F 
 
 SLIPl'ERY 
 
 in mw's i., furtim ridere, deridere . v. 
 TO LACOH AT, MOCK. (Cachinnare = to 
 laugh aloud.') 
 
 sleigh. • triiha, traliea v. si.edge. 
 
 sleight of hand : praestigiae, arum 
 (clever tricks of atnj kind): v. trick. 
 More precisely, perh. *manuun) agilltas 
 (.'argutiae). 
 
 slender: 1. gracilis, e (usn. of 
 living bodies) : rarely, gracilus ( Per. 
 Eun. 2, }, 22, gracilae virgines) Hor. (M. 
 I, 5, 1 : with very s. Ugs, gracilliniis crii- 
 ribus, Suet. Xer. 51. Very s., praegracilis, 
 Tac • pergracilis. I'lin. 2. e.xilis, e 
 (extremely thin and spare : never a term 
 of praise): v. this. 3. it-miis, e: to 
 hang by a s. thread (fig.), i. pondere file, 
 Ov. Pont. 4, J, 35: V. THIN. Infig.sense: 
 s. hope, tenuis gpes, CIc. R. Com. 14, 4? : 
 people of s. means, teuuiores, Cic. Leg. 
 }, I ;, 40. P h r. : s. means, angustiae, 
 tenuitas, Cic. til. Fara. 16, 21 : v. slen- 
 DERNESS. For fig. sense, v. small, 
 SCANTY. (N.B. — Teres Is vxll-rouruUd, 
 not slender.) 
 
 slenderly : i- «• scantay, poorly .- 
 exigue, anguste : v. scantily. 
 
 slendemess; 1. gradlitas (esp. 
 
 of living bodies): Cic. Br. 91, }ii: Suet. 
 
 2 tenultas, exilitas: v. thinness. 
 
 5. of means : (1). angustiae, arum 
 (ttraitened circumstances : stronger than 
 Eng.): Tac. A. i, •)$ : Cic (2). tenultas: 
 Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75 (aerarii t., slendemess 
 of means of early Home). (3). res an- 
 gusta : .Juv. 6, JST : v. poverty. 
 
 slice (s"bs.) : segtnentuni : Plin. ?6, 
 
 6, 9 5!. (But the word is less definite 
 than Eng.) Often frustum will be pre- 
 cise enough : v. BIT, WECE. 
 
 slice ("•)■• 1. s6co, I : cf. Plin. 1. c, 
 where the verb is used of cutting marble 
 into thin slices for overlaying. 2. con- 
 cldo, J (to cut up) : Cic. : Caes. : v. to 
 CUT and foil. artt. 
 
 slide (f-).- I. In gen. sense: labor, 
 J : V. TO GLIDE, SLIP. To s. doivn by a 
 rope, per demissum funem 1., Virg. 1|. 
 Specially, to slide on ice : * per glaciem 
 labor (perlabor), feror. 
 
 slide {subs.) : I. Act of slipping 
 or gliding : lapsus, us: cf. Li v. 21, j6 
 (1. terrae = landslip). ||. Place (on 
 ice) for sliding on .- • glacies pedibus 
 Buperlabentiuni attrita. |||. In ma- 
 chinery, etc., a part vorlcing u-ith a slide 
 movement: •macbinae pars quae per 
 canaliculum movetur (labitur, agiiur). 
 
 sliding (adj.) : e.\pr. by labor, j : 
 lapsus, us : to advance tvith a s. move- 
 ment, labi, lapsu se promovere, progredi ; 
 
 V. TO GLIDE. 
 
 sliding-scale : V^^^- * gradatio, gra- 
 dationes ; * scala gradata. 
 
 slight (acOO ■■ I. Light and spare 
 in structure: 16vis, Ifividenfis (cf. isid. 
 Or. 19, 22, 19. levidensis dicta [vestis], 
 quod raro filo sit leviterque densata, 
 of slight, flimsy texture) : v. light. See 
 also, thin, SLENDER. ||. (jf small 
 account: 1. 16vis. a s. engagement, 
 1. proelium, Caes. B. G. 7, j6; on a s.er 
 ground, leviore de causa, ib. c. 4, fin. .- 
 a s. icound, 1. vulnus, Ains. (cf. Cic. 
 Inv. 2, 51, 154, leviter saucius, having 
 received a s. vound). 2. parvus, 
 exTguus, miniitus : v. rNSiGXiFlcANT. 
 Phr. : is it a s. matter that ,...? 
 
 parumne est, quod ? Ter. Ph. }, j, 
 
 Ij: there is not the s.est difference be- 
 tiieen them, ne minimum quidem in- 
 terest inter eos, Cic. Ac. 2, 17 ■ nil omnino 
 interest, ib. c. i; : to consider of s. im- 
 portance, levi [parvo] memento aestim- 
 are, Caes. B. G. 7, J9: 'tis not of the 
 s.est use, nil (nihil) est ! Hor. S. 2, J, 6 : 
 there is not the s.est need, nihil opus est, 
 Ter. Andr. 4, i, 14. (N.B.— Sometimes a 
 dimin. subs, may expr. the sense, with- 
 out adj. : e. g. some s. hope, aliquid spu- 
 culae, Cic. Clu. 26, 72: tt .f. indisposi- 
 tion, covamot\\incu\n, id. Alt. 12, II, fin.: 
 a s. ofence, offensiuncula. id. Kam. i ;, I : 
 a s. profit, aliquid lucelli, id. Verr. }, 
 
 slight (»"'>•'■) ■■ perh. negUgentia- v. 
 DISRKGARD, NEGLECT. Or expr by Verb : 
 thinking that • 1. had been piU upon 
 
 him, »neglectuni [panim honorifice trac- 
 tatum] se piitans; aegn- fcrens alium 
 sibi praeferri, etc. v. to disbegabd, 
 
 SLIGHT. 
 
 slight ("•) • 1. n&glico, lexl, ctiim, 
 J (not to heed) ■ to s. any imi-'s ordeis, 
 imperium alicujus n., Cat-s. B. G. 5, 7 . 
 
 V. TO NEGLECT, DI.SRFGaRD. 2. d^" 
 
 spTcio, J : V. TO I)E.splse. 3. cont<-mno, 
 psi, ptum, ? (stronger than Eng.): to 
 think oneself s.'d, looked liovn upon .... 
 contemni, despici se putare, Cic. Sen. i8, 
 65 : not to be s.'d as a speaker, non con- 
 temnendus in dlcendo, id. Br. 77, fin. 
 4. praetrreo, 4, irr. (to pass over 
 and take no notice of) : cf. Cic. PI. }, 8, 
 (populus) s(jlet nonnunquam digims 
 praeterire (i. e. suffragiis, n//t to elr't 
 them): Ov. 5. expr. by clrcnml., 
 
 nuUo (levi) momento aestimare ; parvi 
 facere ; nullius momenti habere : v. to 
 
 VALUE. 
 
 slighter : contemptor, /. -trix : v. 
 
 DESPISER, S<ORNER. 
 
 slightingly : contemptim : to speak 
 s. of any one, c [ofip. magnifice] de ali- 
 quo loqui, Liv. 9, 41, mfd. 
 
 slightly ; 1. if vlter : s. uounded, 
 1. saucius (sauciatus, vulneratus), Cic. 
 Inv. 2, 51, 154: to be s. ill, 1. ae(»rotare, 
 id. Off. I, 24. 8? • a staff s. curved, 1. 
 [ ? leniter] Inflexum baclUum, id. Div. i, 
 17. 2. b"t slightly, parum : though 
 (the letter) is vyritten it is but s. sounded, 
 etiamsi scribitur, parum exprimitur, 
 Quint. 9,4, 40: V. LiTTLE(a(i«.). 3.10"- 
 iiihil (to some extent) : usu. with verbs : 
 V. SOMEWHAT. Sf)metimes adjj. or verbs 
 compounded with sub may serve : e. g. 
 s. countrified or clonnish, suhrusticus, 
 subagrestis, Cic. Br. 74, 259: s. absurd, 
 subabsurdus, id. : s. sour, subacidus, 
 Cato : to be s. angry, subirascor, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 16, 12: to laugh s., ^^ubridere; etc. 
 (But succeiisere =to cherish resentment 
 in the mind.) 
 
 slightneSS : I. L > t. : 16vitas : v. 
 lightness; also, thinness, slender- 
 NESs. II. Smallness : exlguitas (not 
 levitas in this sense), parvltas (rare) : 
 
 V. SMALLNFJS, rNSIGNIFICANCE. 
 
 slily : callide, astute, etc. : v. ccN- 
 ningly, CRAFTILY. Also the adJj. may 
 often be used : L. G. $ J4J. 
 
 slim : gracilis : v. slender. 
 
 slime : 1. saliva : Plin. }c, 15, 41 
 (s. cochlearum, s. of snails). 2. spiima 
 (frothy or bubbly s.) : id. 29, 6, J7 (s. 
 cochlearum"): cf. Ov. M. j, 7J. 3. 
 
 sanies, ei (bloodi/ matter): V'irg. Aen. 2, 
 221 (de anguibu.s). 4. sometimes, 
 virus, i, n. (used of any strong or ve- 
 nomous fliiid or slime) : Virg. G. j, 281. 
 See also phlegm. (Or expr. by circnml., 
 humor [liquor] glutinosus : v. slimy.) 
 
 sliminess: expr. by adj.: v.slisit. 
 
 slimy . 1. niucosus : Col. 6, 7 
 
 (cruenta ct m. ventris proluvies). 2. 
 saniosus (of bloody matter) : Plin. 3. 
 glutinosus (sticky) ; Cels. ;, 26, 20 (se- 
 veral times). 4. Itibricus (slippery) : 
 body (of a s. seipent), 1. terga, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 474: cf. ib. 5, jjj. (Or by 
 ciiTuml., quails cochlearum salivae nu- 
 tura p.*t.) 
 
 sling (subs.) : \, For throning : 
 funda: Caes.: Liv. ||. A kind of 
 bandage for the arm : mitella : Cels. 8, 
 10, J. 
 
 sling ("•)•■ Phr. : miftere fallquid] 
 funda (to s. anything array), Cic. in Quint. 
 8,6,7!: to s. out to tlie open sea, funda 
 apertum mare incessere [peterej Liv. 
 j8, 29 : cf. ib. paido infr., velut nervo 
 missa fglans] exculiatur (the bullet is 
 slung out u-ith the force of a bou-sling) : 
 more poet., verbera fundae torquere, 
 Virg. Aen. i, J09 cf. also Aen. 9. 586, 
 fundam .... t«r adducta circum caput 
 ppit habena. See also to aim at. (Fun- 
 dit<i. I : PI. Poen. 2, 36 ■ best avoided.) 
 
 slinger : fundltor Caes. ■ Liv. 
 
 slink ; P h r. ■ <o s. atvay, porh. clam 
 [■furtim] se sulxlucere, cf. Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 
 
 25 to s. out of the contest (Milton), 
 
 *abjecte certamen subterfugere, de- 
 trectare. 
 
 slip(i''' A. Iiitrans. | Lit.: 
 
 to slide along: labor, psns, 3: v to 
 glide. Phr.: the foot more readily 
 s.ing on the incline, in prono cltiiis p«de 
 se fallente, Liv. 21, 36, med. : BO, Curt. 
 4, 9, ad fin., quum saxa Inbrica vetti- 
 gium failerent ■ cf Virg. Aen. J, }3I, 
 vestigia baud tenuiL ||. Fig.: to 
 escape : esp. in phr. to let slip, i* b r. : 
 to let s. an opportunity, occa.~ionem 
 amittere, Caes. B. G. 3, i"?; praeter- 
 miitere, id. B. C. 5. 2? ; dimitiere. Nep. 
 Milt. 3 ; occasioni deesse, Caes. B C. ), 
 79. See also foil. ant. B. '''ans.: 
 
 1, To allow to run out -. to s. her caUe 
 (of a ship), perh. retlnacula omiliere. 
 
 II, 7b convey secretly : turtim dare, 
 inserere, tradere. 
 
 slip away: Phr.; funim (clam) 
 ablre, se subducere: v. to withdbaw, 
 
 and SECRETLY. 
 
 from I 1. elabor, j ■ to t. 
 
 out \ out of one's hands, e. 
 
 e manlbus alicujus.'Cic. de Or. 2, 50, 
 init. : also absol., he is an eel : he will s. 
 out of your hands, anguilla est ; tlat^etur, 
 PI. Ps. 2, 4, 57 : to s. out of one's recol- 
 lection, memoria s., Cic. Ph. 13, 5, 11. 
 
 2. excido, di, 3 (to drop out ; escape 
 from) : he will s. out of his fetters, ex- 
 cidet e' vinclis, Virg. G. 4, 410. ?;sp. of 
 the memory : de memoria ex., Liv. 29. 
 19, fn. : so, animo, pectore ex. : v. to 
 forget, fn. 3. fi"", xi, xum, 3 ■ 
 their xceafions will s. from Uieir hands, 
 fluent arma de manibus, Cic. Ph. 12, 3, 8. 
 So effluo, Lucr. 6, 798. 
 
 slip (subi.) : 1. Lit.: lapsus, us 
 (slippery movement) : Liv. Of thefof^, 
 in nalking, vestigii lapsus (R. and A.). 
 II. Fig.: miss, mistake, fault: 
 Phr. : 'ticixt cup and lip there's many 
 a s., inter os et offani (quod aiunt) 
 multa intervenire possunt, Cato in Gell. 
 13, 17: to make a s., errare, labi, pec- 
 care (v. to err, mistake): that vas a 
 s. of memory (in an author), memoria 
 lapsus est (R. and A.) : per obll\ioneni in 
 errorem incidit, cf. Suet. Caes. 28 . s.s 
 of memory, memoriae labentis offensa- 
 tiones, Sen. Ben. 5, extr. : lapsus me- 
 moriae (Kr.): v. error. III. '' '""»? 
 separated from the main stock: \, 
 surciilus (usu. but not always a shoot 
 from the ground) : to brral: off a s. 
 
 (from a tree), s. defringere ex 
 
 Cic. de Or. 3, 28, 1 10 (fig.) : to plant off 
 a s., s. transferre. Col. 3. lo- 2. planU 
 (more freq. a rooted plant: cf. Pall. 5, 
 2) : to knock off a s.from a bough, p. de 
 ramulo deferre. Varr. R. R. i, 55: to set 
 a s., p. deponere in horto, Ov. R. Am. 193. 
 3. virga (a tirii ) : to set a s., v. de- 
 plantare. Col. 3, 10 (Ov. M. 14, 6}0 = a 
 slip for grafting). |V. ^ ^'""tl slip 
 of paper: perh. (parva), scida (schJda), 
 plSpula : V. sheet. 
 
 slip-knot : * nodus mobllis (?). 
 
 slipper: 1. soiea (a kind of shoe 
 rrarn by men indoors : they were taken 
 off upon reclining for a meal) : to take off 
 one's s.s, s. deponere. Mart, j, 50, 3 : to 
 call for them after the meal. s. poscere, 
 Hor. S. 2, 8, 77. 2. crepida: app 
 equiv. to solea; cf. Cic. R. Post 10, 27. 
 and Liv. 29, 19,. /in. (twth which pas.-«ge« 
 show that to appear in public in crepidae 
 was considered improper; ace. to I he 
 old lex which forbad the wearing of 
 soleae in public : Smith's I* O. s. v.). 
 Wearing s.s, soleatus, Cic. Verr. 5, 33. 
 med. ; crepldatus, id. Pis. ?8, 92 • o 
 maker of s.s, crepidarius, Gell. ; si left- 
 rius, PI. : v. shoemaker. 
 
 slipperiness • expr- by ad].-. ▼. 
 
 SLIPPERY 
 
 slippery; I- I^'^- lubTtcus: 
 
 Liv. : Jlart. yeut. used sxdts. (= a s. 
 place, s. ground): Tac. A. i. 65, (in) 
 lubrico lapsare; Cels. . cf. Virg. Aen. J, 
 ;?5, per lubrica, oti the s ground. ||. 
 Fig • uneertaiv, dangerous, delicate to 
 handle: lubriciis . s. paths of youth, v\ae 
 1. adolescent iae, Cic. Coel. !•;. 41 to be 
 on s. ground, in lubrico versari, id. Or. 
 28. 98.' Ph r. : / said he was a s. fellow, 
 dixi volaticum esse ac levem. Sen. 
 Ep. 42. med. (K. and A.) a t. fellow 
 {=rofft"'), may be expr by vetcr»to» 
 75;
 
 SLIPSHOD 
 
 SLOW 
 
 SMACK 
 
 (an old kriave) : see also treaciiebods, 
 
 DECEITFUL. 
 
 slipshod; expr. of style, loose and 
 ill-construjted : perh. dlssolutus : cf. 
 CSc. Or. 57, <ul fin. Or negligens cf. 
 Quint lo, "J, 28, negligens sermo. 
 
 slit ("•) •• 1. incido, di, sum, j (to 
 make a ait in anything, ivhetlier length- 
 ivise or across) : v. to cct. 2. di- 
 scindo, scido, ssum, j (to s. or tear open) : 
 to s. open a person's lip (by a blow), la- 
 brum alicui d., Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 20 : v. to 
 TEAR. To s. open, may also be expr. by 
 aperio ■ V. TO orKN. 
 
 slit (subs.) : perh. incisiira, scissiira : 
 cf. preced. art. 
 
 sliver : v. to split. 
 slobber: v slaver (?). 
 
 sloe : th^ ''■««• primus silvestrls. Col. 
 2, a, ad fin. : the Jruit, pruiium s., Plin. 
 
 15. n- 
 
 slogan : v. war-cbt. 
 
 sloop: perb. lembus (Kr.). Defi- 
 nitely, *navium genus quod Anglice 
 tloop dicilur. 
 
 slop (subs.): I. Water carelessly 
 thivivn aJbout : P h r. ; a tal/le with ss 
 of wine upon it, *mensa negligentius 
 (temere) vino madefacta, conspersa: v. 
 
 TO WET, SPKINKLE, SPILL. ||. In pi., 
 
 common ready-made clotJies for sale . 
 •vestimenia (popularia) venalia : or 
 perh. scruta. ornm (as term of con- 
 tempt)- cf. Hor. Ep. I, 7, 6;. 
 
 -seller : perh. scrutarius (dealer 
 
 in old dotltes, etc.) : Gell. : or, vestiarius 
 (clothes-dealer) : Ulp. 
 
 shop : perh. scrtitarium (old 
 
 elotfus-shop) : Gloss. : officina promerca- 
 liam vestium. Suet. Gr. 2j. 
 
 slope (subs.) : 1. clivus : to si7ik 
 with a gentle s., molli (se) deniittere c, 
 Virg. E. 9, 8 : the s. of the Capitol, c. 
 Capitolinus. Cic. Att. 2, i. 2. de- 
 clivTtas, acclivltas : v. declivitv, in- 
 CUNE. 3. fastigium (usu. of a steep 
 inclin*. like the roof of a Itouse) : with 
 a rather less steep s., paulo leniore f., 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 24 : of the s. of tin sides of 
 a trench, id. B. 6.7, 7?. 4. proclive, 
 is (after a. prep.) : to be driven down the 
 s. (down hill), per p. pelli, Ijiv. : Auct. 
 B. Alex. Phr. : a hill rising with a 
 gentle s., clementer et nioUiter assur- 
 gens coUis, Col. 2, 2, init. : Tac. : 071 the 
 t., in proiio, Liv. 21, i6, med. 
 
 slope ("■) •■ 1. demitto, misi, 
 
 ssum, } (with prrm. reft., tn sink towards 
 the plain): Virg.: v. preced. art. i)iil. 
 2. procllnor, i : (the farther side of 
 the Apennines) xvhich s.s towards the 
 Adriatic, quae est proclinata ad superum 
 mare, Vitr. 2, 10, init. : Col. 3. 
 
 vergo, J (to lie towards, to incline) ■ 
 Vitr. 1. c. (where vergit = proclinata 
 est): so Caes. B. G. 2, 18, collis ad flu- 
 men Sabin vergebat. 4. expr. by 
 adj.: thf. hill s towards. . ., collis de- 
 clivis (proclivis, fastigatus) est ad...: 
 
 V. SLOPING. 
 
 sloping (adj.): \. declivis. e (s. 
 dovmwards) : on s. and precipitous 
 ground, in d. et praecipiti. Cats. B. G. 
 4, JJ : Sail. 2. acclivis, e (s. np- 
 wards): an approach (to a tou-n) gently 
 «. upwards, aditus leniter a., Caes. B. 6. 
 2, 29 : Cic. : Liv. 3. proclivis, e 
 (= declivis) : Liv. 4. fastigatus 
 
 (rising evenly, like the roof of a house) : 
 Liv. 44, 9 (fastigata, sicut tecta aedifici- 
 orum sunt, testudo). 5. prOnus : a 
 
 city s. dovmwards to the marshes, urbs 
 p. in paludes, Liv. 4. 59. 
 
 sloppy : esp. of roads : liitQlentus, 
 m&didus: V. Ml' DDT. 
 
 slops ; ▼• SLOP (subs.). 
 
 sloth: I. The quality : 1. 
 
 ■egnitia and segnities, ei (sluggishness, 
 dilatoriness) : most indolent s., segnitia 
 inertisBima, Cic. Fin. i, 2, 5 : what so 
 tardy s.. ..quae tam sera segnities. . ., 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 374 : v. sldggishness. 
 2. desidia (sitting idle and doing 
 nothing : the segnis homo acts, but acts 
 sluggishly : the deses, not at all) : to 
 turrender oneself to languor and s., 
 Uoguori et desldiae se dedere, Cic. Off. 
 I, }4. 12:: opp. to industria, id. Sext. 
 756 
 
 48, fin. Join: desidia segnitiesque. 
 Suet. 3. ignavia (v:ant of energy 
 and spirit) : to spend one's Ife in 
 luxury and s., per luxum atque i. aeta- 
 tem agere, Sail. J. 2. 4. sOcordia 
 (apathy, ronissness) : Join: socordia 
 atque desidia, Auct. Her. 2, 2j, J5: opp. 
 to industria, Tac. A. 2, ;8, med. 5. 
 inertia (aversion to activity or labour) : 
 more fully, inertia laboris, Cic. U. Com. 
 8. 24. Join . segnities atque inci-tia, 
 Liv 6, pigrilia: Cic. Tusc. 4. 8, 
 
 where it is defined as metus coiisequcntis 
 laboris ; Liv. (who uses the form pigri- 
 ties). II. The animal: *bradypus, 
 podis: Liim. 
 
 slothful: 1. segnis, e (^sluggish 
 aiul dilatory) : a s. and apathHic pupil, 
 puer s. et jacens. Quint, i, j, 2: s. a^nd 
 inactive, s. inersque, Tib. i, 1, 54: Cic. ■ 
 Liv. 2. deses, idis (sitting idle, do- 
 nothing: rare): Join: ignavus et 
 deses, Gell. : deses atque imbellis, Liv. 
 (Cic. appears not to use deses.) 3. 
 desidiosus (like preced.) : most inactive 
 and s. repose, inertissimum et desidi- 
 osissimum otium, Cic. Agr. 2, }}, fin.: 
 Plin. Ep. 4. ignavus (spiritl.ess, 
 
 indolent, cowardly): s. herd (Drones), i. 
 pecus, Virg. Aen. i, 4?; : more de- 
 finitely, operum et latioris ignavae 
 [legiones], Tac. A. 11, 18, med. See 
 also COWARDLY, spiritless. 5. piger : 
 V. sluggish. 6. iners: v. inactive, 
 helpless. 7o socors, rdis (careless, 
 remiss) : Ter. 8. tardus (sloiv, slug- 
 gish): Caes. B. C. i, 69 (nemo erat adeo 
 tardus aul fugiens laboris) : Tor. 
 
 slothfuUy: 1. segnlter: Liv.: 
 
 Tac. Join: segniter, otiose, negli- 
 genter, Liv. 2, 58. 2. ignave : Cic^: 
 Hor. Also ignaviter : Hirt. 3. de- 
 sldiose (rare): Lucr. 4. socordius 
 (mare carelessly or remissly) : posit, not 
 found: Liv.: Tac. 5. pigre: v. 
 
 SLUGGISHLY. 
 
 slothfulness : v. sloth. 
 
 slouching (.adj.) : to walk with a s. 
 gait, perh. *iuoessu pigro ac parum 
 erecto tirmoque uti : see also cluMsY. 
 
 slough (subs.): I. A deep, miry 
 pUice : 1. voiago, inis, /. (a7ty dieep 
 place in which persons or things may be 
 snail owed up, esp. deep mire): the 
 chariots stuck fast in the mud and s.s, 
 currus illuvie et voraginibus liaerebant, 
 Curt. 8, 14, ad init. : cf. Cat. 20, extr., 
 in gravi coeno... in tenaci voragiiie 
 (boggy mud that sticks to the feet). 2. 
 coenum (foul mud or mire) ; v. mike. Or 
 by circuml., locus coenosus (R. and A.). 
 See also SWAMP, marsh. (More pre- 
 cisely, perh., *locus profundis voragini- 
 bus.) II. The cast skin of a serpent : 
 1. precise term, vernatiu: Plin. 29. 
 6, J5 (v. ponere). So, to cast the s., ver- 
 nare, Plin. 8, 27, 41 (where tlje process 
 is minutely described). 2. exuviae, 
 arum (sIHn or armour stripped off) : 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 475. Also expr. by pellis: 
 
 V. SKIN. 
 
 slough (i>.) •• Phr.: the flesh s.s off, 
 *cai-o in crustam quandam abit [cor- 
 rumpitur] ac rielabitur. 
 
 sloven, slovenly: (homo) circa 
 corporis curam negligentior (cf. Suet. 
 Caes. 45, circa corporis curam luorosior, 
 overparticular) ; habitus cultusque in- 
 curiosuB (cf. id. Aug. 79, in capite 
 coniendo incuriosus) s. negligens. (Uis- 
 cinctus is neglige rather than slovenly.) 
 
 slovenliness : [agrestis et inhu- 
 mana] neeligenlia, Cic. Off. i, j6, i}o. 
 Also, incuria [coi-poris, habitus, cultus, 
 incpssus] ; V. carelessness, negligence. 
 
 slow: 1. lardus (in most appli- 
 cations of the Eng.) : opp. to velox : Cic, 
 Inv. I, 24, ^5 : the s. ass, t. asellus, Virg. 
 G, I, Z7J : s. in doing (to do) anything, 
 t. ad aliquid faciendum, Cic. F i g., s. in 
 intelligence: Join (sensus) hebetis et 
 tarrii : indocilis tardusque, Cic. : tardus 
 et segnis. Quint. 2. P'ger, gra, grum 
 (naturally slow, sluggish): the s. ox, 
 b<is p., Hor. : V. sluggish. 3, segnis 
 (backward in doing anything, inactive, 
 unenergetic) : v .sluggish, slothful : 
 a s. blockade, a. obsldio, Liv. jo, 10. s. 
 
 to do anything, s. ad aliquid (faciendum), 
 Qc. 4. lentus (lingsring, slack, lazy) : 
 a s. C'Cdious) busivffs. 1. negotiiim, C.c. 
 Att. I, 12: a herb ;. t/i cooking, herba 
 in eoqaendo 1., Plm. 24, n, 92: to cook 
 by a s. fire, 1. igne coquere, id. 16, 11, 
 22 : as. poison, 1. venenum (R. and A.). 
 
 5, lenis, e (gentle and gradual in 
 
 action) : s. poisons, 1. venena, Cic. Att 
 
 2, 21, I V. gentle. See also sluggish. 
 
 dull, .stupid- 
 
 slowly : 1. tarde : Cic. : Virg. 
 
 2. lente (gradually and without 
 hurry) : opp. to cito, Tac. Agr. } : to 
 vehementer, Plin. 18, 18, 47. Join: 
 lente ac pauUatim, Caes. 3. sensim 
 (with just enough of motion to be ob- 
 served by the tye): to i-ise s. (of the 
 .Vile), s. crescere, Plin. 5,9, 10, § 57 to 
 advance s., s. incedere, Liv. 10, 5 : opp. 
 cursim (huniedly), Cic. Ph. 2, 17. 
 Join: sensim ei pedetentim, Cic. : v. 
 gradually. 4. segniter (without 
 
 energy or effort) : Liv. : Tac. : v. sloth- 
 
 FULLT. 
 
 slowness: 1. tardttas: Cia: 
 
 Caes. Fig.: s. of thought, t. ingenil, Cic. 
 Or. 68, 229: s. of hi'jxring, t. aurium, 
 Plin. 2. pigritia, signitia: v..>-loth. 
 
 slow-worm : angui.- fragilis : Cycl. 
 (Perh. = caecilia. Col. 6, 17, »»(iV ; ib.) 
 
 sludge: tabes (liquescentis nivis); 
 Liv. 21, j6, 'ined. 
 
 slug : ^'- sNAiu 
 
 sluggard : (homo) ignavus, desidio- 
 sus, etc. : V. SLOTHFUL, SLUGGISH. 
 
 sluggish : 1. piger, gra, grum . 
 a, s. and almost motionless sea, mare p. 
 ac prope immotum, Tac. G. 45 : (the 
 Arar), most s. of streams, pigerrimus 
 undae, Sil. : 3. age, p. senecta. Cat. 2. 
 itrniivus: v. rLOTHFUL. 3. segnis, e: 
 </ic .<. Arar, s. Arar, Plin. j, 4, ? : to 
 pra ■^'e the alert and chide the s., laudare 
 py mptos, castlgare s., Tac. : v. sloth- 
 ful. 4. lentus: o s. sO'eam, I. ainnis, 
 Plin.: Virg. 5. iners: v. inactive. 
 
 sluggishly: ignave, pigre, segniter. 
 
 V. SLOTH FULLY 
 
 sluggishness: ligritia. v. swth, 
 
 SLOWNESS. 
 
 sluice: 1. nilus, euripus=:ductii- 
 aquarum : Cic. Leg. 2, i, 2 : Plin. J ,>. 
 
 1, J (euripus). 2. catarracta (flood- 
 gate) : Plin. Ep. 10, 69 (72). 
 
 slumber (subs.) 1 sopor, somnus ; v. 
 
 SLEEP. 
 
 slumber (v.) .- dormio : v. to sleep 
 
 slumbrous : somnifer, soporilcr : v. 
 SLEE1'\, -\akcotic. 
 
 slur (subs): n6ta, maciila: v. sr. t, 
 disgrace. 
 
 slur ("•) •■ •• e- if> pass lightly over 
 perh. 'leviter attingere, pt-icurrere. 
 
 slut : *mulier mundiiiae negligentis- 
 sinia. 
 
 sluttish: *oinnis [munditiae] habi- 
 tus cullusque incuriosa. 
 
 sly: astHtus, argutus, callidus, etc.. 
 v. clnning. The s. puss, mala, PI. Kud. 
 
 2, 5, 9. 
 
 slyly; astute, callide, etc.: v. cun- 
 ningly, 
 
 smack ("■).• A. T r a n 3. : I. '/o 
 make a sharp noise in striking, etc. : 
 Phr.: he s.'d (or cracked) his tvhip, 
 insonuit flagello, Virg. Aen. 5, 579 (v. 
 to crack. A., n.) : to s. one's lips (in 
 eating): *nianducans labrorum strepi- 
 tum edere (Georg). ||, To give a blow 
 (with the hand) : P h r. : to s. one's ear, 
 alapam alicui ducere, Phaedr. 5, j, 2 (v 
 BOX, subs. : TO slap) : cf. plana facieni 
 contundere palma, Juv. ij, 128. |||. 
 To kiss noisily ■ Phr. : their lips s.'d 
 in hissing as they met, osculis collisa 
 labra crepitabant, Petr. m, init.: he 
 gave me, so to speak, a s.ing kiss every 
 ),i:iv and then, me lanquam furtivis 
 subinde osculi^ verberabat, Petr. 26, 
 med. : cf basia alicui impingcre, id. Jl, 
 init. : ainl, suavia oppingere, PI. Cnrcul. 
 I, I, 60. B. Intrans. : To 
 
 savour, taste of, q. v. : 1. sapip, ivi 
 or ii, J (gen. with ace. denoting the 
 taste) : to s. of the sea, :■ . mare. Sen. 
 Q. N. }, 18 to s. badly of oil, oleum 
 male s., Cato R. R. 66 : ▼. jla\ oc«
 
 SMACK 
 
 S M A I. L - O U A F T 
 
 SMART-MONET 
 
 (^subs. and verb). 2. rSsipio, } (like 
 rapiu) . the grape SJ of llie pitch, (uva) 
 p-' eii. -, Plin. 14, I, i. i 18. I' i g. : thofe 
 tomeii es s. of the style of Flautus, Istac 
 (comoediae) r stilum Plautinum, Gf 11. 
 ?, J. auifin. 3. <51eo, 61ui, 2 (gen. with 
 ace. of the object of smell) ■■ to s. <f 
 taffron, crocura o., Cic. de Or. j, 25, 99 
 tf. vina fere dulces oluerunt mane Ca- 
 menae, Hor Kp. i. 19, 5. Fig. • to s. 
 of the foreigner, o. peregrlnum, Cic. de 
 Or. ?, 12, 44. 4. rfidoleo, 2: vinum 
 redolens, Cic. unguenta, I'Un. : see also 
 TO SMFXL. Fig. : fjteeches s.ivg ofavti- 
 quity, orationes redolentes antlquitat«m, 
 Cic. Brut. 21, 82. 
 
 smack (subs.) .- |. a sharp noise 
 (niadu with a whip), flagelli sonus. Sen. 
 Ep. 122, ad fin.: v to ssiack (A., 1.). 
 II, A blinv vnth the hand : alapa, 
 Phaedr ■ Juv. v box, slap. t||. A 
 loud kiss : perh. •sonans basium or ba- 
 Binm simply v. to smack (A., 111.). 
 IV, Flavmtr. taste, savour: j. 
 Lit sapor, gusiatus, gustus: v. fla- 
 
 VODB, TASTE, TO SMACK (B.). 2. F i g. • 
 
 Ph r. • a s. of the boor, subagreste quid- 
 dam, Cic. Bnit. "54, 259. V. A timall 
 sailing-vesml : 1. lenuiiculus ■ Caes. 
 B. C. 2, 4J. 2. bOria (also oria) : a 
 fishivgsjuach I'l. Rnd. 4, 2, ; : Gell. 
 10, 25, ad fill. 3. pi-scatoria navis 
 (like preced.) Caes. B. C. 2, 4. 
 small ((K^i-) •■ I In ordinary senses - 
 1, parvus, minor, minimus in most 
 senses, {a.) of size . s. children, p. liberi, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 21, }>: to see how s. the earth 
 is, videre qu;im p. sit terra, id. ib. 1,17, 
 j6. (6.) of quantity: a s. poitiun, p. 
 pars, Virg. : Cic: a s. number of ships, 
 p. nuraerus iiavium, Nep. Them. 5, 
 txtr : a s. sum of money, p. pecunia, 
 Cic. (c.) of small importance : to com- 
 pare s. things u-ith gieat, parva com- 
 ponere magnis, Virg. 0. 4, 176 : to 
 have s. faith in one, p. fidem habere 
 alicui, Ter. Eun. i, 2, 117 (v slight); 
 o *. fault, p. vitium, Cic. no s. favour, 
 beneticium non p., id. Join: p. ac 
 mediocris, p. et modicus, id. : v. un- 
 important, TuiFLiKG : esp. in pbr. parvi 
 or parvo (at a s. price, of s. value) : 
 to value at a s. price, parvi, minimi 
 facere, aestimare, Cic: bought fin- how 
 much f for a s. sum, quanti emptus? 
 parvo, Hor. S. 2, j, 156: cf. Cic Att. i, 
 }, 2 : V. also CHKAP. {d.) not eminent, 
 obscure : a man of s. talent, (homo) p. 
 ingeuio, PUn. Ep. 6, 29, ad med. : this 
 work let us, uhether s. or great, hasten 
 on, hoc studiuni parvi properemus et 
 ampli, Hor. Ep. i, }. 28: v. mkan, in- 
 significant. Very s., parvulus (usu. 
 tig. esp. of age) : a rei y s. engagement, 
 loss, p. proeliutu, detrliuentum, Caes. : 
 also as s^lbs.: from a very s. child, a 
 parvnlo, Ter Caes. Also perparvus : 
 very s. seeds, p. semina, Lucr. }, 2n; 
 cf. p. culpa, coutroversia, Cic. Also per- 
 parvuUis (very rare): p. sigilla, Cic. Verr. 
 2, 4, 4i, 95. Alsn pauxillus, pauxiUulus, 
 I'laut. 2. pusillus (usu. in contemp- 
 tuous sense: v. puny); a s. mouse, p. 
 mus, Plaut. : an exceedingly s. villa, 
 viilula valde puslUa, Cic. Fig.: s. 
 ability, p. ingenium, Mart. Join: it is 
 o s. matter, hoc leve e.st et p., id. 4, 45, 9 : 
 cf. terra malos homines nunc educat 
 atque pusillos, Juv. i;, 70. Very s., 
 perptisillus Cic. de Or. 2, 60. 24;. 3. 
 eilguus {,very small, tiny) : v. little (2). 
 4. brevis, e (poet, and late = parvus, 
 exignus) a very s. and insigtiificant 
 fraction, exigua pars brevisque, Lucr. 
 5, 591 smaller haves, breviora folia, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 19, 26 ; b. ignis, tactus, stre- 
 pitus. Ov, V SLIGHT. 5. mInQtus; 
 » (opp to capital) letters, lilerae in., 
 PL Bacch. 4, 9, 68. ||. Of the mind, 
 rmall, i' eak ■ s. cf mind, exiguus animi, 
 (ylaud. Ill Kutrop. 2, !8i Join tenuis 
 alque infinnus animus, Caes. B.C. i, 52, 
 esctr : of a s. mi7id, pusilli, parvi .<;. an- 
 gusti aiiimi (v nakkow-minded). |||. 
 Of small resources exiguus, angustus, 
 brgvis, tenuis v foktune(H1.), pisch- 
 
 'NG, 9CANTV. BLENDER. |V. Of the 
 
 voice, subdued or laint ■• L panr33 
 
 (subdued) p. vox (opp magna), Cic. do 
 Or. J. 57. 216, where also contractus, 
 attenuaius, are sinily. used cf. sum- 
 nilssus (v LOW. IV., li.). 2. exiguus 
 (opp. grandis) Quint. 11, j, post init. 
 3. exilis, e {oj'p pli-niis), ib. 4. 
 piisillus (twafc) : vox p, ib. • v weak. 
 5. languens(o//VctedJ///aint) ; Cic. 
 Off. I, J7, U?: see also mincing (adj.), 
 MiNCiNGLV. Pbr. a«.<*r_/ire,contractior 
 ignis, Lucr. 5, 569 • the unld oxen are 
 somewhat s.er than elephants, uri sunt 
 magnitudine paulo infra elephantos, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 28 a «. jiainting, perh. 
 minutaiabellas. pictura(v. miniatlbe): 
 to sell in s. quantities, divendere, Cic. : 
 Tac. . distrahere, SueU: v. to retail ; 
 of s. account, vilis, Cic. : to consider of s. 
 account, levi momento aestimare, Caes. : 
 vilipendere, PI. True. 2, 6, 58 ; to luxve a 
 s. (or poor) opinion of one. male existi- 
 mare de aliquo, Cic. : I have a s. re- 
 quest to make, habeo pnulum quod 
 reqiilram (Georg.) : to enquire into the 
 s.ttt detail, minutatini interrogare, Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 29, 92. (N.B. — .'■^mall is often 
 denoted in Latin by a dimin. word : 
 e. g. a s. book, libellus ; a ,s. field, 
 agellus : etc.) 
 smalLtomake? |, Lit. ; 1, 
 
 conimiiiuo, coiiiringo (v to break in 
 piK0i-.-i). 2. frango, solvo, dissolvo 
 (v, to break cp). Phr. : to make 
 quite s. (i. e. reduce to pminler), ad mi- 
 iiutiam redigere, .Sen. Ep. 90, circa med. 
 See also powder (suhs.), to pound, 
 MINCE. II. Fig. colloq. . to make 
 one feel or look s., ruborem alicui in- 
 cutere, Liv. • inferre, imponere. Mart. . 
 rul)ores alicui elicere, Auct. Her. : see 
 also TO humble, snub, detract from, 
 
 DISPARAGE, ECLIPSE. 
 
 small (*«bs.); in Phr.: tlies.ofthe 
 hack, leg, etc., *dorsi, cruris, etc., pars 
 gracilior. 
 
 small as, as : quantillus alone in 
 Cic. (not tantulus quantulus) : he re- 
 turned to thf unman as s. an amount 
 (or as little) as he thought jrroper, 
 mulieri reddidit quantulum visum est, 
 (3ic. Div in Caecil. 17, 57 : cf. id. de 
 Dlv. 2, 65, 134. Horace has tantulus 
 .... quantus ■ v:ho has as s. wants as 
 necessity obliges, qui tantuli eget quan- 
 tum est opus, S. 1 , 1 , 59. May be expr. 
 also by tam .... quain. 
 
 . how : 1. quantulus (in direct 
 
 or indirect questions, and in exclama- 
 tions) ; hoii! s. the sun appears to us, 
 q. sol nobis videtur, Cic. Acad. 2. 26, 82 : 
 / know not how s. a quantity he brought, 
 nescio q. attulerit, PI. Haccb. 2, 4, 87. 
 2, quantillus (like quantulus) : 
 Plaut. 3. quantus (very rare in this 
 sense) homunculi q. sunt, PL Capt. 
 Prol. 51 : id. Riid. i, 2, 66. 
 
 . howsoever, however small : 
 
 quantuluscunque, Cic. : cf quaiituliis- 
 libot, Ulp. Dig. : quautulu^q^li^que, 
 GpU. epilog.. V. iiowE\ er(I1.). Phr.: 
 however s. they be, quantumvis (v. I. 
 quamvis) exijiua sint. Sen. Ep. 85. 
 
 ■ somewhat : minustulus, Cic : 
 
 but best expr. by aliquantulum, paulo, 
 pauhim (v. .mimkwhat, adv.). with adj. 
 
 , too : may be expr. by : justo 
 
 minor, brevior, etc. : parum magnus, 
 etc. 
 
 , very '. parvulus, minimus, per- 
 parvus, etc.; V. small (adj., I.). 
 
 smallage : apium : Hor. Virg. 
 (*Apium graveoleiis, Linn.). See also 
 
 CELERY. 
 
 small-arms; "tela sclopetis (stl-) 
 missa (Georg.)- see also cos, musket, 
 
 PISTOL. 
 
 -heer : * cerevlsia dilutlor 
 
 (Georg.). I'rov.; 7>ot to think s. of 
 oiiesell, iiliquem se putare (v. somk, 
 subs.', I., Plir.). 
 
 -clothes ; brScae (bracrae), 
 
 arum (v breeches) ■ feminalia, ium 
 
 (v DRAWERS). 
 
 coin : ^- ch a ng f. ( 1 1 1 .). 
 
 -craft • 1. navicvila Cic. ■ 
 
 Caes, 2. navigiolum I^Mitul. in Cic 
 Fam 12.15,2 (Also navigia mioiita, 
 id. Alt. 16, 1 i.) 
 
 smallness ; 1. parvlt** (rare): 
 bonds of a sort that could not 6« tetn 
 owing to their s., vincula talia quae cemt 
 noil poss<-nt propter p., Cic. Tim. ij, 41 . 
 also in pi., opp. inagnltudiDes, Gell. I, ), 
 ad fin. 2. exiguiuis: s. oj the camp, 
 castrorum e.. Oii-s. B. G. 4, }o ; s. (or 
 iruignificanee) of pleasures, (voliipta- 
 tum) e'., Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 29- v. scanti- 
 Ni--'«h, insignificance. 3. t6nuiia<( • 
 s. (or slimness) of the legs, cruruni t., 
 Phaedr. i, 12, 6; cf. t. caudae, cribri, 
 
 Ulli, Plin. v. fineness, MINUTENESi, 
 SLENDERNE.SS, SLIMNESS. 4. exilitas- 
 
 tlie s. of a ivoman's voice, e. femiiieaa 
 vocis, Quint, i, ii, i : see alsoMKAGRK- 
 NF-S.S, THINNESS. 5. grStillias (like 
 tenuiias) • g. cervicis et crunun, SueV. 
 Cal. 50 V.SLENDERNE.S.S. 6. br^viias : 
 s. of stature, brevitas (sc. corftorum, 
 or perh. brevitas slmplv), opp. magni- 
 tudo corporum, Caes. B. G. 2, }o, Jin. : 
 v. SHORTNESS. Also =r exiguitas : b. cor- 
 poris, Lucr. 2, 48}. (May be expr. aUo 
 by adj. . v sm a ll). Phr.: s. of soul, 
 angustiae pectoris, CMc. Pis. 11, 24; or 
 expr. by animus argustus, parvui, 
 puslllus. 
 
 small-pox ; * varidlae, arum. 
 
 -shot ; * grando plumbea. 
 
 -sword : perh. ensis, gladius. 
 
 -talk : garritus, us, Sid. Ep. }, 
 
 6, med. : expr. also by periphr. : when 
 we are face to face and indulge in «, 
 cum coram sumus et garrimus quidquid 
 in buccam (sc. veiiit : i. e. uhatevtr 
 comes upperTiwst), Cic. Att. 12, i, 2 ; cf. 
 vario sermone garrimus, Petr. 55 • see 
 also CHAT (sub.":.) : and for bad sense, 
 
 v. CHATTERING (U.). BABBLING. 
 
 -tooth-comb ; *pecten dcntibus 
 
 tenulssimis. 
 
 smalt : '• enamel (subs.). 
 
 smart (".) •• to feel sharp pain 
 (lit. and fig.): no precise word: perh. 
 the pass, of monleo, pungo, uro and 
 compds. peruro, aduro, etc., maj' serve : 
 e. g. s.ing under the lash, funibus per- 
 ustus, Hor. : to s. with secret grirf, dolore 
 occulto morderi, Ov. M. 2, 80?. Leas 
 precisely expr. byduleo, dolor with oer6, 
 etc. (v. painful). Phr: / s. for my 
 folly, ego pretium ob stultitiam fero, 
 Ter. Andr. j, 5, 4 : to cJo a thing without 
 s.ing for it, impiine aliquid facere, Cic. 
 (v. impunity) you would s. for it, 
 ferres infortunium, Ter. Ad. 2, i, 24 
 / will make him s. fen- it, hoc non im- 
 pune fecerit; hoc non inipunitum omit- 
 tam (Georg.). 
 
 smart (subs.): A. Lit: uredo, 
 inis,/. (a burning itch) : in pi., Plin. 9, 
 45, 68 ^ 147. B. Fig.: morsus, iia, 
 m. (fig. in Cic.) ; s. of grief, m. doloria, 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 15 : cf. m. libertatls Inter- 
 missae, id. Off. 2, 7, 24. Less precise ar« 
 cruciamentum, tormentum, dolor, etc : 
 
 v. AOONV, PAIN, GBIKF. 
 
 smart (adj.) : |. Of p.-tln, grief, etc, 
 keen, poignant, q. v.: iicer, acerbua. 
 II, Spiritid. vigorous, violent, q. v.; 
 acer; to have a s. engagement, u. pro©- 
 lium facere, Tac. A. 12, 40 ; cf. acerri- 
 niiim bellum.Cic. Balb. 6, 14. Also expr. 
 byacriter with verb: to have a s. Jight, 
 acriter pugnare, Cic. Fam. 10, jo, } : cf. 
 veheniens, furlosus, etc. (v. fubiocs). 
 Ill, Active, energetic, q. v.: acer, 
 alacer, impiger, strguuus, etc. See also 
 
 I CLEVER, SKILFUL. |V. Hltty. /<!«• 
 
 tious, q. V. : fiicetus, salsus, Ifipldus, etc : 
 
 v. also ACUTE (Hi.), QUICK. V. ^'«- 
 
 gant.fine, showy, q. v.: nltTdus, lantus, 
 mundus, bellus, etc. : v. aLso dandy. 
 VI. Of color, lively, bright of hue: 
 flendus, vegetus, splcndldus: v. oat, 
 BRIGHT. VII. Of ''"^ wind,/r<rsA, q. v. 
 smartly: I. yigorously. violently: 
 
 1, icrUtr : v. smart (adj., 11.^. 
 
 2. grivlter : to strike one s., ali- 
 qu.niferire g., Virg. Aen. 12. 295 th-. 
 wnids blowing s., g. spirantibus flabrla 
 Lucr. II. Actively, rnergitically, q. v.; 
 implgr5,strEiiiie ■ v.alsocLEVKRLV.sKii^ 
 FULLY jjj. Wittily, q. v.: facet*, 
 salsf or expr. by adj. 
 
 smart-moner : I. Afoifed p«c 
 Onia multaticia, Liv. lo^ ij, extr .- or 
 757
 
 SM A RTNESS 
 
 SMELL, SMELLING SMELLING-BOTTLE 
 
 multa (miilcta) simply: Liv •. Cic. •. v 
 FINE {subs.). II, In law, damages 
 
 beyond a full compensation for the 
 actual injury done : expr by periphr. : 
 e. g. lites severe aestimare, Cic. ; noxiam 
 (iuplione decernere, Plin. (v damage, 
 ^^•) III- Honey allowed to soldiers 
 
 or sailors for woumis or injuries re- 
 ceived : perh. donativum may serve, 
 Tac. H. I, l8 (though strictly this was 
 an indiscriminate dole to the soldiers 
 under the emphe) Suet. : or if an 
 annual gift, *annuum emeritum (v. 
 pension). 
 
 smartness . |. Of mental pain : 
 acerbitas. Cic. Of bodily pain, best expr. 
 by adj. (v smart, I.) ur less precisely 
 by magnltudo with subs. : e. g., s. of 
 punishment, m. poenae, Caes. : v, also 
 poiGNANcr, SEVERITY. ||. Impetuosity, 
 vehemence, q. v. : impetus, vis, violentia, 
 etc. : or expr by adj |||, Alertness : 
 alacritas • v si'rightliness. |V. ^it- 
 tiness, q. v, ; v. humour (III.), point 
 (II.), acuteness. V. Shouiness : best 
 expr by adj. (v. smart, V., VI.). 
 
 smart-ticket (.a certificate given to 
 wounded sailors and soldiers, entitling 
 them to smart-monei/) * testimonium 
 Bcriptum «. per tabulas factum : v. cer- 
 tificate. 
 
 smash ("■) •■ comminuo, confringo : 
 V. TO break. 
 
 smash (subs.) : fractura, dlssfilutio 
 (v. breaking, subs.) : or expr. by verb : 
 Phr. coUoq. ; I went utterly to s. in 
 my affairs, omnis res mea fracta est, 
 Hor. S. 2, i, l8 (metaph. from a ship- 
 wrecW); cf. naufragium fortunarum or 
 rei familiaris (bankruptcy) : Cic. 
 
 Smatter {v.) .- |. To have a super- 
 ficial knowledge : v. to dabble (11.). 
 II. To talk superficially or ignrj- 
 rantly : v. to babble. 
 
 smatter, smattering (««!«■)•• expr. 
 by periphr. • a s.of knowledge, cognitio 
 manca atque inchoata (based on Cic. Off. 
 I. 43. I5J) ■ * levis artis alictgus scientia. 
 Phr.: having a s. ofph ilosophy, odoratus 
 philosophiam, Tac. Or. ig, med. : to hace 
 a s. of, allquid prinioribus labris attin- 
 gere, Cic. de Or. i, 19, 87: studies of 
 which it is enough to liave a s., studia 
 quibus perfundi satis est. Sen. Ep. 36, 
 post init. 
 
 smatterer : |. I" learning, gene- 
 rally : 1. literator {opp. literatus, a 
 man of real learning) : Sutt. Gramm. 4, 
 med.(v.infr., II.): alter literator fuit, 
 alter literas scieiis, Gell. 18, 9. ad init. 
 2. semidocnis : Cic. : Mart. : cf 
 Quint. I, I (nihil eiiim pejus est iis qui 
 paulum aliquid ultra prinias literas pro- 
 gress!, falsam sibi scientiae persuasionem 
 Induerunt). 3. mediocriter doctus, 
 Suet. (V. infr., II.). 4. sciolus (very 
 late, and not to be imitated) : Am. 2, 86. 
 II. In grammar: grammatista: cf. 
 Suet. Gramm 4, post med. (sunt qui lite- 
 ratum a literatore distinguant, utGraeci 
 grammaticum a grammatista, et ilium 
 quidein absolute, hunc mediocriter doc- 
 tum existiment). |||, In poetry . 
 
 poeta mediooris : v. poetaster, ver- 
 sifier. IV In medicine perh. em- 
 pincus (a physician nhoseart is founded 
 solely on practice): v. quack. Phr.: 
 a s. in some art or other, * primis alicujus 
 artis rudimeutis vix imbutus (Aiusw.) : 
 V. dabbler. 
 
 smear (»'■) ■• I. I'o <^over with a 
 greasy substance : lino, circumlino, per- 
 Itno, collino, illlno, oblino (v. to be- 
 smear). II. To aiioint with oil : nngo, 
 inungo, perungo: v. to anoint. |||. 
 To lay on plaster, etc. • induco, truUisso, 
 gypso (v. to plaster) • pico, impico (v. 
 TO PITCH, IV.)- IV. ^ smear over, 
 rub out anything written (i. e. by smear- 
 ing the wax with the broad end of the 
 style) : 1. lino, livi, and levi, lltum, 
 3 : / see vei-y many things that deserve 
 to "be s.'d over, plurima cemo digna lini, 
 Ov. Pont. I, 5, 15. 2. oblino, levi, 
 llluni, J ■ vestrum obleverunt et vestri 
 superscripserunt, Gell. 20, i>,fin, v. to 
 
 BLOT OUT, erase, OBLITERATE. 
 
 smell (V.)- A. Trans. j. 
 
 158 
 
 Lit.- To perceive by the nose, smell at, 
 examine by smelling, smell out, detect 
 by smelling: 1. olfacio, teci, factum, 
 i to s anything, aliquid o., Cic. Tusc. 
 5, j8, III. 2. olfacto, 1 to s. at a 
 dress, o vestimentum, PI. Men. i, 2, %(>: 
 to s. at a branch of penny-royal, pulegti 
 ramura o., Plin. 20, 14, 54, $ 155. 3, 
 odoror, i / will go and s. out like a 
 hound, ibo odorans quasi canis venaticus, 
 PI. Mil. 2, 2, II}: cf. cibum o., Hor. 
 Epod. 6, 10. Join (fig.) : indagare et 
 odorari aliquid, Cic. Verr. 2, 54, IJJ. 
 Phr.: to s. at a nosegay, fasciculum ad 
 nares admovere, Cic. fuse. j. 18, 4J : cf. 
 ducere naribus tura, Hor Od. 4, i, 21. 
 II. Fig.: olfacio: or should I not 
 have smelt him out six entire months, 
 before he attempted any such project, aut 
 non sex totis mensibus prius olfecissem 
 quam ille quicquam coeperet, Ter. Ad. 
 ;, J, 42: to s. out money, o. nummum, 
 Cic. Agr. I, 4, II. Phr. : to s. out the 
 bribery of staienus, odore suspicionis 
 Staienum corruptum esse sentire, Cic. 
 Clu. 27, 7 ! : she has smelt your purse, 
 raarsupium huic oboluit, PI. Men. 2, }, 
 3J; my wife now s.s out my design, 
 siibolet hoc jam uxori quod ego machi- 
 nor, ib. 2, }, 59 : v. to track out, scent 
 OUT, detect, find out. B. I n- 
 
 trans. : to emit a s., or to s. of: 
 1. oleo, olnl, 2 (constr. absol. or 
 with ace. : less freq. with abl of the 
 thing) : women seemed to s. well, because 
 they smelt of nothing (i. e. had no per- 
 fumes), miilieres ideo bene olere, quia 
 nihil olebant, videbantur, Cic. Att. 2, i, 
 I ; to s. well, bene olere (v. supr.) : ju- 
 cunde o., Plin. 20, 17, 69, } 177 : to s. ill, 
 male o., Plaut. : he s.s of perfumes, olet 
 unguenta, Ter. Ad. i, Z, 37 : to s. of sul- 
 phur, o. sulphure, Ov. M. 5, 405. Also 
 in fig. sense (v. to smack, B. II. 3 : to 
 BETRAY, II. 3). 2. rgdoleo, ui, 2 
 
 (lilie oleo in constr. : lit. and fig. : v. TO 
 SMACK, B. II. 4). 3. oboleo, 2 (to s. 
 strong, stink) : you s. of garlic, obol- 
 uisti allium, PI. Most, i, i, 38: v. to 
 STINK. 4. pfiriJleo, 2 (to emit a pene- 
 trating odour): Lucr. 6, 11 53. 5. 
 fragro, l (usu. with abl. of the thing) : 
 you always s. of casia and cinnamon, 
 semper casiaque cinnamoque fragras. 
 Mart. 6, ?;, i, and pass. Also of un- 
 pleasant odours: that you may not s. 
 offensively of yesterday's wine, ne gravis 
 liesterno fragres vino, id. i, 87, i : but 
 gen. fouDd in pres. part.: v. smelling 
 (adj.) 6. halo, i : v. to exhale (2), 
 FRAGKANCE. 7. spiro, I : whether the 
 cinnanum s. flat, seu spirent cinnama 
 surdum, Pers. 6, 35 : plenty of strong- 
 s.ing savo)'!!, graviter spirantis copia 
 thymbrae, Virg. G. 4, 31. 8. siipio. 
 ivi or ii, 3 (rare in this sense) to s. of 
 perfumes, unguenta s., Plin. 17, 5, j, 
 ^ 58 cf. PI. Ps. 2, 4, 47- 9. expr. by 
 odor with verb: e.g., jactare odorem, 
 Virg. G. 2, 132: spirare o., id. Aen. i, 
 407 (404) • spargere o., Hor. Od. 2, 15, 7 : 
 reddere odorem, Plin. 36, 23, 55 $ 177. 
 10. foeteo, puteo, 2, etc. : v. to 
 stink. Phr.: the scent s.s strong, odor 
 nares opplet, Varr. R. R. 3, 4, extr. : 
 whose breath s.s rank, cui os oleat, Ulp. 
 Dig. : cf. anima foetet, PI. As. 5, 2, 44. 
 smell, smelling (s«bs.) : \. The 
 
 sense of smell : 1. Odoratus, us, m. ; 
 there is no need to speak about taste and 
 s., nihil necesse est de gustatu et o. loqui, 
 Cic. Acad. 2, 7, 20 : insects have eyes, 
 some even have s., insecta habent oculos, 
 aliqua et o., Plin. 11. 4, 3> i°- 2. 
 olfactus, us, TO. : it is plainly evident 
 that fishes have s., piscibus olfactum esse 
 raauifeste patet. Plin. 10, 70, 90, $ 194. 
 Phr. : keenness of s., sagacitas narium, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 6 J, 158: also sagacitas ca- 
 num, simply, Plin. 9, 30, 48, $ 92 (v. to 
 smell, a., r., I.) : the keen s. (or scent) 
 of dogs, odora canum vis, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 152 (v. keen-scented), hence fig., to 
 have a keen s., sagaciter odorari, Hor. 
 Epod. 12, 4, opp. naris obesae, fig., of 
 dull scent, intelligence, ib. 12, 2; devoid 
 of s., *odoratu, odoris sensu carens 
 (Georg.) . not that they had no s., non 
 
 quia nasus lUis nullus erat, Hor. S. 2, 2, 
 89. II, 'J he act of s.ing : 1. 
 
 odoriitio, onis.y • ^^^ delight of acts of 
 s., delectatio odorationum, Cic. Tu>c. 4, 
 9. 20. 2, Odoratus, iis, m. ; not only 
 is the tasting of them- pleasant, but the 
 s. (or s.ing) of them also, eorum jucun- 
 dus non gustatus solum, sed odoratus 
 etiam, Cic. N. D 2, 63, } 158. 3. ol- 
 factus, us, m. : Plin. 21, 21, 89, $ 156. 
 Ill, Scent, odour i 1. odos (or 
 odor), oris, m. : every s. ascends, omnis 
 o. ad supera fertur, Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141. 
 Join, a pleasant s., o. suavis et ju- 
 cundus, Cic. (v. scent, perfume, fra- 
 grance); a bad s., o. teter, Caes. (v 
 STEKCH, stink), or odor, simply. Sail. • 
 Suet. ; a strong s. of marigold, gravis o. 
 calthae, Plin. 21, 6. 15, } 28: a herb of 
 a pileasantly strong s., herba o. suaviter 
 gravi, id. 25, 9, 70. } 118 : cf o. jucunde 
 gravi, id. 21, 10, 34, $ 60: a pungent s., 
 o. argutus. id. 15, 3, 4, } 18; o. asper, 
 id. 27, 8, 41, ^ 64 . acer o., id. 12, 17, 40, 
 J 8d . excitatus o., id. 20, 17, 71, J 182. 
 P h r. : impregnated with a s., (odore) 
 imbutus. Hor Ep. i, 2, 69 : cf. alieno o. 
 infici (based on, alieno sapore infici, 
 Plin. 15, 3,4, ^ 17 ; R. and A.): uithout 
 s., *odore carens, odore nuUo, cui nullus 
 odor est, sine odore esse (Georg.) : [For 
 to have, emit a s., v. to smell, B.]. 
 beyond two months it does not retain itt 
 s., supra duos menses odor ejus non per- 
 manet integer (based on Col. 12, 49, ad 
 fm., where we find sapor instead of odor). 
 2. nidor, oris, m. (icvlaa, the scent 
 or steam of anything roast, boiled or 
 burnt) : let the I'eruites grow fat, 
 drenched in festal s. (or steam), pingue- 
 scant madidi laeto n. Penates, Mart. ^, 
 27,5: a foul kind of s. from burnt 
 feather, foedus quidam n. ex adusta 
 pluma, Liv. 38, 7, extr. .- Plin. Join; 
 to stand in the s. of the cook-shops, in 
 ganearum n. atque fumo stare, Cic. Pis. 
 6, 1 3. 3. spiritus, iis, m. : (rare in 
 this sense) ■ a sweet s. of' perfume, s. 
 unguenti suavis, Lucr. 3, 223 : cf. s. 
 florum naribus haustus, Gell. 9, 4, post 
 med. : a foul s., s. foedi odoris, Cels. 5, 
 26, 31, fn. 4. halitus, us, m. : v. 
 FUME (subs. I.). 5. anhelTtus, is, m. 
 (of spirit, wine, etc.) : s. (or fumes) of 
 wine, vmi a., Cic. post Red. 7, 16. [In 
 the same sense, anima is used ■ the s. of 
 wine, a. amphorae, Phaedr. 3, i, 5] : v. 
 FUME (subs.). 6. aura (poet.) : a 
 sweet s., (or odour), dulcis a.. Virg. G. 4, 
 417 : of. si tantum notas odor attulit 
 auras, ib. 3, 251 t)ui savoury s.s from 
 the sheepf olds, pingues abovilibusaurae, 
 Stat. Th. 10, 46. 7. graveolentia (a 
 rank s.) : rank s. <jf the ai-m-pits, g. 
 alarum, Plin. 22, 22, 43, } 87. Phr,-. 
 pleasant s.s given off from floners, 
 suavitas odorum qui e floribus affiantur, 
 Cic. Sen. 1 7, 59 : (me kind, of saffron has 
 no s., the other has, unum (genus <-roci) 
 hebes, alterum odoratum, Plin. 21, 11, 
 
 smelling (adj.): |. Smelling 
 
 sn-eetly : suavis, suavefllens, 51ens 
 (oftener used in bad sense), Odoratus, 
 odorifer, odorus: v. fragrant, sweet. 
 Also fragrans, Virg. : Cat. : bene olidus, 
 Col. Phr.. all sorts of sweet-s.ing 
 flowers, omnis copia narium, Hor. Od. 
 2, 15,6. II. S.ing ill: 1. olidus- 
 o. capra, Hor. Ep. I, 5, 29 : o. senex. 
 Suet. Tib. 45 : o. vulpes, Mart. 10, 37, 
 13: v. rank. 2. graveolens. entis 
 fauces g. Avemi, Virg. Aen. 6, 201 : 
 App.de Mundo, p. 74: cf. foetidus (v. 
 FETID), foedus, teter (v. foul, adj. 1.), 
 piitidus, rancidus (v. rancid, stinklng). 
 III. S.ing strongly: 1. gravis, 
 e • g. hircus, Hor. : see also rank. 2. 
 graveOlens, entis . strong-s.ing centaury, 
 g. centaurea, Virg. G. 4, 270; v. pun- 
 gent. (N.B. — May be expr. also by 
 gen. of odor with adj. : e. g. a pungent 
 s.ing herb, herba odoris asperi [v. smell, 
 subs.. III. 1]: a nwst sweet-s.ing root, 
 radix suavissimi odoris, Plin. 25, 9, 64, 
 
 i no.) 
 
 bottle : 1. olfactorium : Plin. 
 
 20,9, j6, i 92. 2. olfactoriOlum olfac-
 
 SMELLING-SALTS 
 
 SMOKE 
 
 SMOKING 
 
 torioUi vasciila sunt niulieb'.ia, in quibus 
 odoramcnta gestantur, Isid. Or. ly, }l. 
 
 smelling-salts ; * sal oifactorius 
 
 (Georg.). 
 
 smelt (.«ubt.): *Salino eperlanus.Linn. 
 
 smelt ("•)•• 1. coqno, coxi, coc- 
 tiim. i to s. ijold with lead, c aurum 
 cum iiliitiibo. i'Un. ?j, ?, ly, $ 60. 2. 
 exctjqiio, ?: jfires.soat flair from mt:tals, 
 ignis vitlum meiallis excoqiiit, Qv. Fast 
 4, 78?. 3. fundci, ludi, fusiim, j: /o 
 s. copper, f. a(?s, Plin. 54 i, ?, } s : stone 
 is useful in s.iny glass, lapi.-* fundendo 
 vitro iitilis, id. J4, 14. 42, } 148. For 
 IlquC-facio, liquo, conflo, v. to melt, 
 A., 1. 
 
 smelter ; 1. flator, oris, to. .- 
 
 Pomp. Dig. 2. fiaturarius (a metal- 
 caster) : Oxl. Theod. 9, 21, 6. 3. 
 fusor, oris, m. (like preced.) : Cod. Just. 
 
 10, 64. 4. auricoctor, oris, m. (a goUl- 
 refiner) : Inscr. 
 
 smelting (subs.) .- the act of sing : 
 1, flatura acris f., Vitr. 2, "], ad 
 fin. 2. conflatQra (very rare) : Plin. 
 1, 56. 57. i I9'7- 3. fQsura : f. plumbi, 
 id- }}. o, J?, $ 106. 4, fusio.onis,/. .• 
 Cod. Theod. 9, 21, J. 
 
 -furnace ■ aeraria fomax, Plin. 
 
 11, j6, 42. $ 119: V. FURNACE. 
 
 house : 1. aeraria (sc. offi- 
 
 cina) : Varr. L. L. 8, }}. 2. •offldna 
 lusoria. 
 
 pot' 1. catinus; Plin. JJ, 
 
 4, 21, $ 69. 2. fictile : id. jj, 9, 46, 
 i iji. 
 
 smerlin (a ^i'l) •■ *Cobitis aculeata, 
 Linn. 
 
 smew (<!" aqiiatic fowl) : • Mergus 
 albellus. Linn. 
 
 smilacin (in Chem.) : *smilax sarsa- 
 parilla, M. L.: *simlaclna. 
 
 smile ("■)•• !• subrideo (surr.), 
 si, 2 she s.d vrith sidelong glances, 
 Unas suhriMt ocellis, Ov. Am. }, i, jj : 
 to s, siifllfi, moUe s., Pers. ?, no: Cic. : 
 Virg. 2. rgnideo, 2 (of o smile light- 
 ing up the features) : Egnatius, because 
 he has white teeth, s.s on every occasion, 
 E., quod candidos habet denies, r. us- 
 quequaque. Cat. jl (J9), i, and freq. in 
 this poem : gen. found in pres. part. (v. 
 SMILING, adj.). Fig.; Fortune s.ivg on 
 me, mihi renidens Fortuna, App. M. 10, 
 p. 246. 3. arridfio (adr-), risi, risum, 
 2 (to s. upc/n, esp. approvingly : used by 
 Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 11, in opp. to derideo: 
 constr. absol., or with dot. : more rarely 
 with ace.'): when I have laughed, you s., 
 quum risi, arrides, Ov. M. j, 457 : men's 
 faces s. on those who s., ridentibus ar- 
 rident liumani vultus. Hor. A. P, loi : 
 scarcely to s. familiarly upon his 
 friends, vix notis familiariter a., Liv. 41, 
 20, ijit't. Fig.: when the weather is s.- 
 itig, quum tempestas a., Lucr. 2, 2J 
 (J2) ■ cf. quandoque mihi Fortunae arri- 
 serit hora, Petr. ijj, 12. 4. rideo, 
 risi, risum, 2 (to s. pleasantly on : absol., 
 or with ad, or dat.) : the propitious 
 deities s.d and granted (your vquest), 
 riserunt faciles ei tribuere dei. Mart. 1, 
 104: (of an infant), to s. sivei^tly on its 
 father, dulce r. ad patrem. Cat. 59 (61), 
 212 : (also with ace. but very rarely : 
 quasi muti silent neque me rident, PI. 
 Capt. ?, I, 21). Fig.: the levels if the 
 sea s. u/)on thee (i. e. look brightly tip to 
 thee), tibi rident aequora ponti, Lucr. i, 
 8 : Cat : Hor. : cf. florum coloribiis al- 
 mus ridet ager, Ov. M. 15, 205. Join: 
 while Fortune s-s, dum juvat et vullu 
 ridet Fortuna sereno, Ov. Tr. i, 5, 27: 
 with which cf. Tac. H. 2, 12, init., blan- 
 dlebatur coeptis fortuna: Ov. M. 1, j, 
 Di coeptis aspirate meis . Liv. jo, jo, 
 post med., mihi talis fortuna affulsit: 
 Virg. G. I, 18, adsis, o Tepeaee, favens. 
 
 smile (subs.): risus: Cic. Or expr. 
 by ti€r6 : e. g , scarcely to bestoir a fami- 
 liar s. ttpon his friends, vi.x notis fami- 
 liariter arridere (v. tosmii.r): with a 
 s. not unmivgled with rage, subridens 
 mixta ira, Virg. Aen. 10, 742 : with a 
 false s. on his face, falsum renidens 
 vultu, Tac. A. 4. 60, med. Phr. : to 
 elicit a s.from mourners, risum lugenti- 
 bus avocare, Sen. Ep. 29, aA med. : to 
 
 produce a s. (at another's expense), ex- 
 cutf-re risum, Hor, S. i, 4, JS (but see 
 OrcU. ad I.). 
 
 STliling (047.) •' 1- renidens: that 
 wantonly s. boy (Cupid), iste la.scivu3 
 ac r., .S«-n. HippoL 277. 2. ridi-ns . 
 mixta ridenti colocasia acantho, Virg. 
 E. 4, 20. Phr. : Join- to have a s. 
 countenance, esse vullu hilari atque 
 laeto. Cic. Tu.sc. i, 42, 100. 
 
 smilingly: expr. by part, or adj.: 
 subridens, arriilens : to look s., esse vultu 
 hilari atque laeto, Cic. 
 
 smirch: v. to soil (I). 
 
 smirk ("■)•■ perh. *mImTce, mOleste 
 subridere (ba.sed on: incedere mimice ac 
 moleste. Cat. 40, {42), 7 : or, *amicltiae 
 siniulati<ine subridere: *inepte et fri- 
 glde subridere. 
 
 smirk (subs.): nsus ineptus. Cat. 57 
 (J9), 16 : less precisely, ficti simulatique 
 vullus (d. Qc. Clu. 26, 72): molestus 
 vultus, Quint. 
 
 smite: I. 'it.: ferio, 4 (in most 
 senses) : so that thou smitest thy fore- 
 head (as a sign of vexation), ut frontem 
 ferias, Cic. Alt. i, i, i : ■». to .strike. 
 II, Fig.: to be smitten (with love), 
 ardere, amore ardere, dep6rire amore. 
 effiiKe amare (v. passionately) : also 
 fiagrare amore alicujus, Cic. Tusc. 4, jj, 
 71 (v. TO LOVE) : incensus amore, Virg. 
 Aen. ;, 298: amore captus, Liv. jo, 12, 
 ad fin. : cf. amore perire, Virg. E. 10, 
 10 ; misere amare, PI. Mil. 4, 6, }l : per- 
 dite amare, Ter. Heaut. i, 1, 45 : in- 
 .sanire amores. Prop. 2, ^4 (j, ii), 25: 
 insane amare, PI. Cure, i, }, 20. 
 
 smith : faber, bri, m. (gen. plur. usu. 
 fabrum, Cic. Or. 46, 156: but also fab- 
 rorum, PI. Mosi. i, 2, 54: Cic. Verr. 2, 
 I, 56, 147, etc.) : used absol. : to buy a 
 slace as a s. or as a plasterer, hominem 
 pro f. aut pro tectore emere, Cic. Plane. 
 25, 62 : Vitr.; cf. Ov. M. 12, 277, quod 
 (ferrum igne rubens) forcipe curva 
 quum f. eduxit. But gen. with a quali- 
 fying term : e. g. o blacksmith, faber 
 ferrarius : or expr. simply by the adj. : 
 e. g., ferrarius, aerarius, argentarius, etc. 
 
 (v. BLACKSMITH, COfPEKSMITH, SILVER- 
 SMITH, etc). Or expr. by a distinctive 
 word, as escusor (a coppersmith) : 
 Quint. 2, 21, 10: s.'s tools, ftbrilia (trac- 
 tant f. fahri), Hor. Ep. 2, i, 116: s.'s 
 bellows, follis fabrilis, Liv. j8, 7, extr. : 
 s.'s furnace, fornax, caminus (v. fur- 
 nace) : s.'s hammer, marculus (mart-) : 
 V. HAMMER : s.'s tongs, forceps, Virg. G. 
 
 4, 17; : V. also ANVIL. 
 
 smithy : 1. fabrlca : Vulcan who 
 is reported to have presided over a s. at 
 Lenuios, Vuleanus, qui Lemni fabricae 
 traditur praefuisse, Cic. N. D. j, 22, 55 : 
 a s.fi/r forging arms, armorum f., Veg. 
 Mil. 2. II. 2. officina: o. Cyclopum, 
 Hor. Od. I, 4, 8: or with a qualilying 
 word, o. ferraria. Plin. J5, i;, 51, } 182 : 
 cf. o. aerariorum, id. 16, 6, 8, } 2J. Also 
 a s. for forging arms, o. armorum, Caes. 
 B. G. I, J4: V. MANUFACTORY. Phr.: 
 having established s.s, positis iscudibus, 
 Virg. Aen. 7, 629. 
 
 smitten (enamoured) : v. to smite. 
 
 smock: j. -^ voman's under- 
 
 yarmenl : 1. indusium : Non. 519, 
 
 J2. [N.B.— Not siibucula: cf. Varro in 
 Non. 542, 24, posteaquam binas tunicas 
 habere coeperunt, instituerunt vocare 
 subuculam (virorum) et indusium 
 (teminarum)] ; o t.-maker, indusiarius, 
 PI. Aul. }. 5, j;. 2. interiila (a 
 
 ufimaii's night-dress) : (ilia) discissa 
 int^rula. decora brachia saevicntibus 
 palmulis converberat, App. Met. 8, p. 
 205. II. A s.-frock (for men) : 
 
 *amiculum linteum (Georg.). 
 
 smoke ('••)•• A. Trans.: \, To 
 purify liy smoke (e. g. houses.hlves, etc.) : 
 sufliu. fiimigo, suffumigo, etc. (v. to 
 fumigate, fumigation). Phr.: fumum 
 inimlllere, admovere. Col. : fumos manu 
 praetende sequaces, Virg. G. 4, 2?o. 
 II. To dry in the smoke : infumo, i : 
 s.d ass's brain, aslni cerebrum infuma- 
 tnin, Plin 28, 16, 6j 5 225. Phr.: to s. 
 the grape, uvam fumo durare, Hor. S. 2. 
 4, 72 : fumo siccare, Plin. 19, 5, 24, } 7 j : 
 
 to (. hams, in fumo (pemae) suspendere, 
 Cato H. H. 162, /n.: a s.d ham, fumosa 
 pema, Hor. S. 2. 2, 117 . s.d <,or smoke- 
 dried) grape, fabrilis uva, Coel. Aur. 
 Tard 4, }. Ill To exptl by t., to s. 
 out: Phr.: fumo ablgere (apes) Plin. 
 ly. To s. (.tobacco): Phr.: "her- 
 bae Nicoiianae fumuni ducere (Georg.): 
 or more shortly, •Nicoiiana uti : to s. 
 a pipe, •Nicotianae funium per ii,furi- 
 bulum haurire s. Nicoiiana uii. V. 
 P' i g. : To s. out a matter, to dis- 
 cover : V. to smell (A., II., Phr.). 
 B. I n t r a n s. : To enM smoke, 
 
 or, vapour like s. : \, lumo, 1 : the 
 places s. with sulphur, loca sulpbure 
 f., Virg. Aen. 2, 698 : we tee that the 
 earth is hot, and sjs after fresh digging, 
 (videmus) recenti fossione terram fu- 
 mare caUutem, Cic N. O. 1, 9, 25 (the 
 words in italics being a quotation from 
 .some poet) : plains s.ing with dust, 
 fumanies pulvere campi, Virg. Aen. 11, 
 908 : horses s.ing with sweat, equi t 
 sudore, ib. 12, J}8: already the roof- 
 tops of the villages in the dittarux are 
 s.ing (with fires for the preparation of 
 foc'd : i. e. ei-ening approadies), jam 
 sunima procul villarum culmina fu- 
 mant, Virg. E i, 82 : the chimney s.s, 
 * caminus fumat: the house s.s, domus 
 fumat, Cic. 2. txhalo, vaporo, i : 
 
 V. TO exhale, steam. Phr.: the dank 
 mountains s. darkly, humidi monies 
 efTundunt caliginem. Curt. 4, 12, post 
 med.: the streams of Tiber still s. with 
 our lAood, recalent nostro Tiberina 
 fluenta sanguine adhuc, Virg. Aen. 12, 
 3;: s.ing entrails (of victims) spirantia 
 fibra, .Stat. S. 4, 8, 2. 
 
 smoke (*"''«•) : 1. fumus: Caes.; 
 s. rolling in waves, f. undans. Sen. Tread. 
 1, 20: cf. fumus agit undam, Virg. Aen. 
 8, 257 : vreaths of s., voluniina fumi, 
 Ov. M. i},6oo: to belch forth s., evomere 
 f., Virg. Aen. 8, 25^ : jttne long-kept (or 
 melloued) in s., fumo inveleratum 
 vinum, llin, 2}, i, 22, J9- Prov.: 
 (i.) to makepromises that end in s. Oit 
 to sell s.), vendere vanos fumos. Mart. 4, 
 5, 7. (ii.) tvhere tlieie's s., tliere's fire, 
 semper flamma fumo proxima, PI. Cure 
 I. I. 5J- 2. vapor, halllus, etc.. v. 
 EXHALATION, fume. Phr.: the s. fiiea 
 aloft, volat vapor atcr ad auras, Virg. 
 Aen. 7, 466. 3. suffilus, Qs, m. (s. 
 produced by fumigation): s. herbae, Plin. 
 21, 18, 69, ^^ 116. 4. nebiila: v. mist: 
 n. quas exigit ignis, tlie mists ofs., which 
 fire draws out, Ov. Tr. 5, 5, ji ; cf. 
 nebula ingens specus aestuat atra, Virg. 
 Aen. 8, 258. 5. nubes, is, /. (poet.): 
 Aetna belches aloft a murky cloud of S^ 
 (Aetna) atrani prorumpit ad aethera n., 
 Virg. Aen. j, 572 : the s. of frank- 
 incense, Sabeae n., Stat. S. 4. 8, I. 
 Phr.: / sail' that our prospects v^ere 
 vanishing in s., extenuari spem nostram 
 et evanescere vidi, Cic. Alt. j, ij, init. 
 
 smoke-black: v lamp-black. 
 
 -box ("./ o steam-t>oiler) : perh. 
 
 ■•fiimarium (which lit. = a cAamier for 
 ripening wine in s.. Col. 1, 6. 19, seq.: 
 Mart. 10, i6, i). 
 
 -hole : funwriSlum : the s.-hole 
 
 (or crater) of Vesuvius, f. Vesuvii, Tert, 
 Poen. 1 2 : see also crater. 
 
 -jack : * ^'^ru macbinamento 
 
 versatuni (Quich.). 
 
 smoker: (a user of tobacco): qui 
 nicoiiana ulitur (see also to .smoke, 
 A., IV.). 
 
 smoky I _ I. ^" "/ *"<** = 1- 
 
 smoking * fumeus : f. lights (^ 
 tcrrch)f. f. la'dis lumina, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 59?. 2. ffimidus: s.ing altars, f. al- 
 taria,Ov. M. 12, 259 (see also steaming): 
 a s. mist exhales, f. exhalatur caligo, 
 Plin. 2, 42, 42. } III. 3. fumiisus: 
 f. flamma, Caio R. H. 58, 4 : f. fax, Petr. 
 97. Of gems, smoke-coloured: (. lopa- 
 zius, Plin. n. 8. J5, ^114: hence called 
 also capnias (xmri'ia^), id. }7, 9, 44, 
 } 128. II. Producing smoke : fumifer: 
 s. fires, t. ignes, Virg. Aen. 9, 520; 
 (Cacus) collects tteneath his cave s. night, 
 glomerat .sub aniro f. nociem. ib. 8, 255- 
 III, Smtlling or tasting of tmoket 
 759
 
 SMOOTH 
 
 SMOOTHN ESS 
 
 SMUGGLER 
 
 I, fumidus . a s. flavour (of wine\ 
 
 f. virus, Plin. 14, 20, 25, } 127. 2. 
 fumosus ; s. mead, {. (defrutum), id. 18. 
 ?i. "74 JI9- pprh. *redolens s. sapiens 
 fumum, may also serve. Fhr. • as. 
 hnuse, *domu8 fumo infestata (Ainsw.) : 
 ». (t e. smoke-like) masses (of clouds), 
 fumigantes globl, Gell. 19, i, j, tnit. 
 
 IV, Soiled by smoke : 1. fiimosus • 
 a I. (or ^oell^smoked) wall, f. paries, 
 Petr. IJ5 s. busts, f. imagines, Cic. Pis. 
 
 1, I. 2. decolor (liiliginc) : trlien 
 Flaccus (i. e. Horace's works) became 
 s. all over, quum totus decolor esset 
 Flaccus, Juv. 7, 227 (v. smut, subs., 1.). 
 
 smooth (a^j) •• A. Lit.: \. Aot 
 rough : \. le vis, e (opp. asper) : certain 
 smaU bodies s., others rough, corpuscula 
 quaedain levia, alia aspera, Cic. N. 1), i, 
 24. 66. Of the human body (= youth- 
 ful, beautiful) : Galatea, s.er than slielU 
 irorn by the constant wave, levior assiduo 
 detritis aequore conchis, Ov. M. I j, 791 ; 
 t. breast, brow, I. pectus, frons, Virg. : 
 s. neck, 1. colla, Ov. Of the hair that 
 the hair viay be s. by using the comb, 
 «t sit coma pectore 1., Ov. M. 12, 409 (v. 
 GLOSSY): see also polishkd (1.). 2. 
 enodis, e {without knots) : s. trunks (of 
 trees), e. trunci, Virg. d. 2, 78. 3. 
 liibrlcus (slippery): the leg ivorn s. by 
 fetters, crus 1. compede. Mart. 9, 18 : a 
 sphinx wrought out s. from the natural 
 rock, sphinx saxo iiaturali elaborata et 
 lubrica (but v. I. rubrica), Plin. 36, 12, 
 Hi i ^^• 4. tSres, etis {well-turned, 
 rounded off) : s. trunks of trees, t. 
 trunci arborum, Virg. Aen. 6, 207 : cf. 
 t. virga, Ov. : t. hastile, Liv. : t. lapillus, 
 Ov. 5. levigatus (made smooth : part. 
 of levigo, i) : Macr. S. i, 1 2. 6. rasilis, 
 e : 60a! made smooth idth the lathe, torno 
 r. buxum, Virg. U. 2, 449 : cf. palmes r. 
 (i.e. deprived 0/ the bark), Plin. 17, 2;, 
 J 5, 5 206 : Cat. : Ov. 7. adesus (icorn 
 away by water) : a. lapidtjs, Hor. Od. 
 J, 29, }6: a. gcopulus, Ov. H. 10, 26. 
 
 II. Without hair, bald : 1. glaber, 
 bra, brum (of men and beasts ; gen. na- 
 turally smooth, but also artificially s.) : 
 s., either from the hair worn down or 
 from, its l>eing plucked out by the roots, 
 glaber, retritis pilis aut penitus evulsis. 
 Sen. Ep. 47, ad m^d. : a husband s.er 
 </iana,9<nird, marituscucurbitaglabrior, 
 App. M. 5, p. i6j: sheep of a s. belly, 
 oves ventre g., Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6 : cf. 
 
 g. colla bourn. Col. 6, 14, 7. Dimin. 
 glabellus : g. corpus Cupidinis, App. M. 
 ?, p. 168: a s.-skiiined slave, glaber. Cat. 
 59 (61), IJ5 : to make s. (or l/ald), glabro, 
 Col. 12, 3,4: to become s., glabresco, id. 
 
 2, 20, 2. 2. lenis, e : f'sati my brother 
 is a hairy man, and I am a s. man, 
 Esau frater meus pilosus est, et ego lenis, 
 Vulg. Gen. xxvii. 11. 3. calvui: v. 
 BALD. III. Calm, gentle : (of the sea) 
 placidus, tranquillns, pacatus (v. c.\lh) : 
 (of rivers) sediitus (v. calm): clemens, 
 mitis (v gentlk). B. FiK-: I. Of 
 the voice or style. flowing,without impe- 
 dinvent \. \ev\s (Jioimng) : 1. oratio 
 (opp. aspera), Cic. Or. 5, 20 ■ 1. et aspera 
 (vox). Quint. II, }, 15 the ears are an- 
 Cloyed by an uneven style, are soothed 
 by a s. one, (aures) fragosis offenduntur 
 et levibus mulcentur, Quint. 9, 4, 116. 
 
 2, tgres, 6tis : a s. voice in debates, 
 t. vox in di.sputatkmibus, Quint. 11. ;, 
 64 • a speech full, but yet s. (or xwU- 
 rounded off, polished), oratio plena, sed 
 tamen t., CHc. de Or. j, 52, 199: v. po- 
 lished (J I), ELKGANT. 3. leuis, e: 
 Join ■ the s. airaigemetit of a speech, 
 1. et fluens contextus or.itionis. Quint. 9, 
 4.127. See also FLU H XT. FLOWING. Also 
 in Oramm. the s. bi-eathing, I. splritus 
 (opp. gpiritus asper). Prise, p. 572, P. 
 
 II, Of the temper, equable : aequa- 
 bnis, aeqnalis, aequus : v uniform. 
 
 III, Sm/xtth-tmigiied (usu. in bad 
 sense) blandns to distinguish a s. 
 friend from a true one, b. amicum a 
 vero secemere, Cic. Am. 25, 95 (v. 
 
 KLATTF.BING, FALSE, SPKCIOCS). |V. 
 
 < If manners, smooth : comis, commSdus : 
 
 V. AFFABLE, AGKEEARLE. 
 
 smooth ("0 •• I. 'I'o remnve rough- 
 760 
 
 ness from a surface : 1. levo, i : to 
 s. tables, I. mensas, Stat. Th. i, 519. 
 .Join: to s. bi-ams, 1. ac radere tigna, 
 Lucr. 5, 1265. 2. allevo, 1 (only in 
 Colum.) • to s. knots and scars, nodos et 
 circatrices a., Col. i, 15, ?. 3. levigo, 
 I (of making smooth vnth a knife, file, 
 pumice-stone, chalk, etc. ■ so polio, infr.) : 
 all the walls are s.'d uith pla-Her, omnes 
 parietes tectorio lovigantur, Varr. R. R. 
 !, II, J, Died.: for s.ing the skin, ad 
 levigandam cutem, Plin. 20, j, 10, i 20. 
 
 4. polio, ivi and ii, itum, 4 (like 
 levigo) : to s. dove-cotes with plaster, p. 
 columbarum cellas tectorio, Col. 8, 8 : 
 V. TO POLISH. 5. limo, 1 (to file) : 
 v. TO FILE. 6. runcino, i (to plane) : 
 V. TO PLANE. 7. rado, rasi, rasum, j 
 (to s. off) : to s. (or polish) stones, r. 
 l;apides,"Hor. S. 2, 4, 8j : v. supr. (I.) : 
 V. TO SHAVE OFF. 8. stemo. stravi, 
 stratum, J (to spread out flat, fig.) : to s. 
 the surface of the waters, s. aequor aquis, 
 Virg. Aen. 8, 89 : cf. placidi straverunt 
 aequora venti, ib. ;, 76J : to s. (or pave) 
 a path through the sea, sternere viam 
 per mare, Lucr. j, 1042 : cf. tranquillo, 
 etc. (v. TO CALM). Phr. : paper s.'d 
 with a tooth, tharta dentata, Cic. Q. Fr. 
 2, 15: Plin. ij, 12,2;. $81: s.'d with 
 pumice, morsu puniicis politus. Mart. 8, 
 72, 2 ; also, pumicatus, e. g. p. manus. 
 Mart. 5, 41, 6 : to s. the brow (i.e. cheer 
 up), frontem lemittere (opp. frontem 
 adducere), Plin. Ep. 2, 5, ad med.: fr. 
 exporiigere, Ter. Ad. 5, j, 5} : fr. expli- 
 care, Hor. Od. ?, 29, 16: fr. solvere. 
 Mart. 14, 185. See also TO level, and 
 for other senses, TO soften. [N.B. — 
 For to s. linen, v to iron, to mangle 
 (IL).] II, To s. away obstacles, to 
 facilitate: 1. sterno, stravi, stratum, 
 
 } : fame propitious hath s.'d a kindly 
 path for thee, praesens tibi fama benig- 
 num stravit iter, Stat. Th. 12, 81 j: cf. 
 aditus, iter expedire, Caes. : so munio, 
 praemunio (v. to pave): v. to faci- 
 litate. 2. complano, i: Join: 
 to s. (or lender tolerable) the rough, the 
 liarsh, c. et moUire aspera, dura, Sen. 
 Prov. 5, fin. : see also to alleviate, 
 mitigate, .soothe (I.). Phr.: these 
 difficulties ivere s.'d away by two cir- 
 cumstances, his difficultatibus duae res 
 erant subsidio, Caes. B. G. 2, 20. |||, 
 To palliate, smooth a fault : v. to pal- 
 liate, extenuate. IV. To flatter 
 (Shakesp.)- v. to flatter. 
 
 smoothly : A. Lit: Evenly, 
 
 q. V. ; and lor other senses, expr. by adj. 
 (v. smooth). B. Fig-: Of oratory; 
 ivith easy flow, leniter, Cic. Phr.: to 
 floiv s. on in speaking, uno tenore in 
 dicendo fluere, Cic. Or. 6, 21 (v. UNi- 
 formlt). I. Easily, q. v. ||. Flat- 
 teringly, q. V. 
 
 smoothness : I. As physical 
 
 quality: J, levor, oris, m. ; in paper 
 clearness and s. are looked at, in chartis 
 candor, I. (spectantur), Plin. IJ, 12, 24, 
 $ 78 : <o lyring clearness and s. to tlie 
 body, candorem et 1. corpori afferre, id. 
 JO, 14, 4?, } 127. 2. levitas, atis, /. ; 
 s. of miri-urs, 1. speculorura, Cic. Tim. 
 14, init. : Plin. 2, }, i, $ 7. Also 1. in- 
 testinoriim, Cels. 4, 16, init. (v. slip- 
 PKRiNESs). 3. aequalitas, atis, /. 
 
 (evenness) : s. of the sea, a. maris. Sen. 
 Kp. 53, ad init.: v. lrvelness: the 
 cosmetic (oesypum) reduces to s. excres- 
 cences of the flesh, oesypum cames ex- 
 crescentes ad aequalitatem redigit, Plin. 
 ?o, 1 J, jq, 5 lij : s. of flax, L lini, Plin. 
 th 12, 26, } 82. 4. lenitas, atis,/.: 
 the Avar flows into the Rhone with von- 
 derful s., Arar in Rhodanum infiuit 
 incredibili 1., Caes. B. G. i, 12. Of fla- 
 vour: the s. of vine, lenitas (opp. aus- 
 teritas) vini, Plin. 14, 19, 24. 1} 120. 
 
 5. glabritas, atis, /. (s. of the skin, 
 baldness): in pi.. Am. ?, 108: see aLso 
 itALDNESS. II, Of the voice or style, 
 fluency : \, levor, oris. m. : s. of the 
 voice. 1. vocis, Lucr. 4, 554 (552) 2. 
 levitas, iitis, /. : s. (or fluency of 
 words, 1 verborum. Quint. 10, i, 52. 
 
 3. leiiiias. atis,/: a style, running on 
 with a Icind of unifoi'm s., genus orationis 
 
 cum lenitate quadam aequabili pro- 
 fluens, Cic. de Or. 2, i;, 64: v. 90FT- 
 NKSS. 4. aequabilita-s, atis,/. : Join. 
 others labour at a s. of style, elaborant 
 alii in lenitate et aequabilltate, Cic. 
 Or. 16, 55 : v. UNIFORMITY. |||, Of 
 
 the temper, equability : aequus animus 
 
 (v. EQUANIMITY). See alsii MILDNES" 
 
 (II.), GENTLENESS (3.). |V. Flattery 
 q. v. 
 smother : j. To km or stifle 6j 
 
 suffocation : \, opprimo, pressi, pres- 
 8um, } : to s. an old man by throwing 
 on him, many clothes, o. seneni injectu 
 multae vestis, Tac. A. 6, 50 (56), extr. : 
 
 V. TO STIFLK, also TO OVERLAY (1I.^ 
 
 2. suffoco, strangulo, i (lit. ant 
 
 fig.): V. TO CHOKE, SUFFOl'ATE. Phr.: 
 
 to die by being s.'d (or suffocated), inter- 
 cluso spiritu exstingui, Curt. 7, ;, ad 
 med. : to s. unth the heat of the baths, 
 (balneorum) fervore atque aestu inter- 
 cludere animam, Liv. 2}, 7, ad init. : to 
 be s.'d by the fumes of boiling vinegar, 
 (aceto ferventi) vaporari, Plin. 29, 4, jo, 
 y 95- II. '^^ extinguish by overwhelm- 
 ing (e.g. fire, etc.): opprimo, pressi, 
 pressum, j : as when a powerful flame 
 is s.'d by a quantity of water, ut quum 
 aquae niultitudine vis flammae oppri- 
 mitur (opp. consumptus ignis exslin- 
 guitur), Cic. Sen. 19, 71 : v. to extin- 
 guish. III. To keep back, repress, 
 stifle, q. V. : 1. opprimo, j : to s. 
 rage, 0. iram. Sail. J. 72 : cf. o. infamiaro. 
 Just. 12, I}. 2. reprlmo, }: to s. 
 passion, r. iracundiam, Ter. Ad. 5, j, 8 : 
 to s. a groan, r. gemitum, Ov. M. 9, i6j : 
 V. to check. 3. comprimo, pressi, 
 pressum, i ■ to s. (or stifle) conscience, 
 c. conscientiam, Cic. (v. to stifle). 
 4. devoro, i ; to s. tears, lacrinias 
 d., Ov. F. 4, 845 : to s. groans, gemitus 
 d.. Sen. Ep. 66, med. : aU sense if shame 
 is s.'d, pudor devoratus, App. M. 9, p. 
 225 : v. to swallow. Join: to s. 
 power, potentiam exstinguere atque op- 
 primere, id. Rose. Am. ij, }6: cf. tumul- 
 tum 0., Liv. ji, II, init. (v. to put 
 DOWN, qdell, suppress). Phr.: grief 
 s.s (or stifles) the voice, dolor vocem In- 
 cludit, Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 48: cf. metus 
 consumpslt vocem, Tac. H. i, 42: the 
 voice is s.'d, vox devoratur, Plin. 11, 51, 
 112, } 270 (v. TO .stifle, drown, II.). 
 
 smoulder: no exact word: perh. 
 fumo, I, with a qualifying word may 
 serve : e. g. if there ivere no caiise for 
 alarm, the seeds of viar would not even 
 nom be s.ing, si nullus timor, non obruta 
 jam nunc semina fumarent belli, Sil. i, 
 654. 
 
 smouldering (adj.) : l. sopitus: 
 he stirs up the s. embers, cinerem et 
 sopitos suscitat ignes, Virg. Aen. 5, 74 J ; 
 ib, 8, 410: cf. Herculeis sopitas ignibus 
 aras e.xcitat, ib. 542. 2. languidus; 
 to blow up s. fires, 1. ignes sufflare, Plin. 
 J4, 8, 19, 17,$ 79. Perh.lentus too may 
 serve. Phr.: you are walking over 
 s.ing flres, incedis per ignes suppositos 
 cineri doloso, Hor. Od. 2, i, 7. 
 
 smudge (subs. : colloq.) : labes, 
 litiira: v. blot. 
 
 smudge (v. : coUoq.) : v. to soil (I.). 
 
 smug : V. NEAT, SPRUCE. 
 
 smuggle : 1. * furtim merces 
 
 importare, or rempublicam fraudare 
 portorio (Kr.). 2. sine portorio ali- 
 quid importare (based on Cic. Verr. 2, 
 70,171). 3. non profiteri aliquid ad «. 
 apud publicanos (based on Varr. R. R. 
 2, I, 16). 4. inscriptum aliquid im- 
 portare s. exportare [based on Varr. 
 R. R. 2, I, 16 (v. Diet. Ant. p. 1012), 
 inscriptum pecus, the cattle, the pas- 
 turage of ivhich on the public lands 
 nas not reported to the proper officer]. 
 Hence s.d goods, *res, rnvrx inscripta; 
 res non professa (Georg.). (For to t. 
 away, v. to stow away', hide.) See 
 also contraband. 
 
 smuggler: I. One who smuggles: 
 expr. by qui with verb : e. g. "qui mer- 
 cem s. merces sine portorio imporiat (. 
 exportat (Georg.): or,*qui furtim vetlta» 
 merces impurtJit, qui furtivam merca- 
 turam exercet (Kx.). v. to shcooli.
 
 SMUGG LING 
 
 SNAKE -WOOD 
 
 SNAP If P 
 
 II, A smuggling vessel- perh. pir- 
 aticiis my6paro may serve, Cic Verr. 
 5, ?8, loo. 
 smaggling (subs.): expr. by verb 
 
 (V. TO SMUfiGI.K). 
 
 smut (subs.) : I. foul matter 
 
 (fiinn the combustion of coal or oi7) : 
 f illiRo, inis, f. : door-posts blackenr/l ' 
 imth the constantly falling s.s, asisidua 
 postes fuligine iiigri, V'irR. K. 7, 50 • 
 when the s.s stuck to Virgil (i.e. his 
 l>ook) till he vas black, quum haereret 
 liigro fuligo Maroni. Juv. 7, 217. Si'e 
 also SPOT, STAIN (lit. and fig.). ||. 
 might, mildeu\ canker, q. v. : roblpo, 
 uredo, lues, sidSraiio. |||. Obscene 
 
 language : obscaenitas verborum (v. 
 obscknity). 
 
 smut ("•) •• I. TV) soil vith S.S : 
 perh. *fuligTne oblingre s. denlgrare: v. 
 TO si'OT, STAIN. ||. To bliuM, milden' : 
 •robigine 6d6re, pfiredfire ((jre<jrp ). For 
 intrans. sense, cf. Plin. }b, 18, jo, J i}6, 
 robiginem trahere (see also to mildf.w, 
 BLIGHT.) Ill, To blaclcen, tarnish, q. v. 
 
 smuttily : obscaene : v. obsceselt. 
 
 smuttiness : v. smut (subs.). 
 
 smutty (adj.) : |. .Soiled with 
 
 tmut: cf. fumosus, etc. (v. sjioky [F.], 
 SOOTT, GRiMv). ||, Blighted (of crops) : 
 ■robigine .«. uredine afTcctus, coopertus, 
 corruptus((jeorg.). |||, Obscene: ob- 
 scaenus: v. obscene. 
 
 snack : I. -^n equal portion, 
 
 share: obsol. except in coUoq. phr. : to 
 go S.S with : I u-ill go s.s unth you, dimi- 
 illam tecum partem dividam, Plant, (v. 
 TO HALVE, HALVES): go sj:, divlduum 
 lace, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, }j. See also share. 
 II, A slight or hasty repast .- 1, 
 coenula (a small dinner), 'tis but a s., 
 parva est c. Mart. 5, 78, 22 : Cic. Tnsc. 
 ?, 52,91: to provide a s., c. facere (based 
 on coenas facere, Cic. Att. 9, ij, 6). 
 2, giisttilus, m. (a small dish of 
 foiid, relish) : to get ready a s., prae- 
 parare g., App. M. 9, p. 2J2. 
 
 snaffle {subs.) .- frenum {pi. freni 
 
 or -a) : V. BIT, BKIDLE. 
 
 snafile (f.) ■• v. to bit, bridle. 
 
 snail : 1. cochl6a (coclea) /. (/to- 
 XAia? o) : Poet. ap. Cic. 1 )iv. 2, 64, 
 Ijj (where we find the epithets, terri- 
 gena, herbigrada, domiporta) : to be 
 slower than a s., vincere c. tarditudine, 
 PI. Poen. J, I, 29: preserres ef s.s (the 
 Romans considering them a delicacy), 
 cochlearum vivaria, Plin. 9, 56, 82, ^ 17 j : 
 «.s without shells, c. niidae, id. 29. 6, jft, 
 6 H2: v. SLtjGS. Dimin. cochleola, 
 Hier. Ep. 64, No. 19: s -formed {spiral), 
 in cochleam, Cels. 8. 10, No. i. med. : 
 cochleatim,Sid. Ep. 4, i$,fm.: v.^i-ikal, 
 SPIRALLY. 2. liinax, iicis, comm. (a 
 s. without a shell): a s in its sMl, im- 
 plicitus conchae 1., poet. Col. 10, J24. 
 In Plin. 19, 10, 57, $ 177 (lactucis in- 
 nascuntnr limaces et cochleae), I. ap- 
 parently =: slugs, as opp. to s.s : v. 
 SLCGS. A s.s ,':hell : 1. c<x;hlfa 
 
 (rare in this sense): Mart. 11, 18, 2;: 
 cf. also, curvavum domus iida cochle- 
 arum, Stat. S. 4, 9. ?? (which, however, 
 Forcell. understands of the tortoise). 
 [Note. — Not coclilHarium, which is a 
 place where snails were kept and fed for 
 eating, Varr. K. R. ?. 122, and ib. ;, 
 141.] Phr.: a s.'s pact, testudineus 
 gradus (lit. tortoise's), PI. Aul. 1, i, 10: 
 less precisi'ly, Incessus tardus, lentus: 
 Cic. : s.-like nun (i. e. with the pace of a 
 s.), homines spissigradissimi, PI. Poen. 
 ). I. J. 2. concha v. supra. 
 
 -clover: *Medicago scutellata, 
 
 Linn. : perh. al.so, trifolium minutis- 
 •imum, I'lln. 21, 9, |o, ^ $4. 
 
 -flower; *Phaseolus caracalla. 
 
 Linn. 
 
 snake: 1. anguls, is, m. and ./' 
 (abl. angue and angui) : femlna a., iiia-s a., 
 Cic. Div. ->., 2v), 62 : the s. sheds its skin, a. 
 vernat, Plin 8, 27. 41, } 98 (see also 
 miscell. infr.) . crested s.s, a. jubati, 
 PI. Amph. 5, I, 56. I'rov. there 
 lurks a s. in the grass (of some con- 
 cealed danger), latet anguis in lierba, 
 Virg. K. }, 91 2. serpens, entis, /. : 
 
 pass. 3. drico.Snisv. SERPENT 4 
 
 c61iiber, cSlnbra: v. adder. 5. ^- 
 p<5ra: v. vipek. 6. "atrix. icis, /. 
 
 (a vater-s.): n. violator (pwiiimiCT-jaqiiae, 
 Lucan 9, 718 (720) : prob. the •Coluber 
 natrlx, Linn. 7. hydrus or -os, i, m. 
 and hydra, /. (a icat*:r-f.): Virg. Hoth 
 are u.sed of the constellation : in Ov. V. 
 2, 24?. anguis = hydra. 8. ch6ly- 
 
 drus, i, m. = \€\v&poi (a fetiii s. living 
 mastly in vater : prob. the common s.), 
 Virg.G. J, 415. 9, chersydros, i, m. 
 = x<P<TvSpo? {the ringed or common «., 
 which often takes to the water) : chersy- 
 dros iractique via fumante chelydri (see 
 preced.), Lucan 9, 711 (709). 10. 'cr6- 
 tiilus, i, m. (the rattle-s.), Linn. H. *co- 
 hib<>r naja (the beardeil s.), Linn. 12. 
 cerastes, ae or Is, m. (=■ Kepdarqi;, a 
 h(/meds.): Plin. 8, 2J, j;. } 85: Lucan 
 9, 714- (•Coluber cerastt-s, Linn.). 
 
 13, jSculus (sc. serpens : a s. that 
 darts from a tree an its prey) : volucres 
 j., Liican 9, 718 (720): Plin. 8, 2?, j;, 
 ^ 86 (perh. 'Coluber ahaetulla, Linn.). 
 
 14. cenchris, idis, m. and ace. cii- 
 chrin, Plin. : v. infr. (a Innd of spotted 
 s., apparently like preced.) : wmper 
 recto lapsnrus limite c, Lucan 9, 710: 
 Plin. 20, 22, 93, !) 245. 15. scutula, 
 scytala or scytale, ae, f. = o-KwrdATj : 
 &' ci/lindricdl s., of equal thickness 
 throughout. Lucan 9, 717, (71;): Plin. 
 ?2, ;. 19, i ;4- 16. dipsas, iidis, /. = 
 Snl/d<: (a kind of s. whose bite caused 
 riolent thirst): Lucan 9, 716: ace. to 
 .Si-hneider, the "Coluber \ipera, Linn. 
 
 17, ammSdj'tes, ae, m. (= aiifioSv- 
 Ti)^, sand-creeper) : Lucan 9, 714 (716). 
 18. amphisbaena = atxif>ia-paiva 
 (n Icindof serpent foundin Libya, which 
 can move for" ards or liacknards), Plin. 
 8, 2?. ;;, i 85: Lucan 9, 717. 19, 
 pareas or parlas, ae, m. = n-ap«ta<r (a 
 kind of $.), Lucan 9, 719 (in). 20. 
 haemorrhOis, idis, /. (= aixoppoU, dis- 
 charging blood • an unl~no)in poisonous 
 s); Lucan 9, 707: Plin. 20, 20, 81, 
 } 210. 21, prestcr, eris, m. {rrprjaTrip, 
 burning) : a kind of s. : Luc;m 9, 720^ 
 Plin. 20, 20, 81, 5 210. 22. seps. 
 sepis, comm. (=(7^i/c. a kind of eft or 
 .'iniall s., whose bite causes the limbs to 
 putrefy): o.s.sa dissolvens cum corpore 
 tabificus s., Lucan 9, 721, 762, sq. : Plin. 
 29. 5, J2, J 132. MlsceU. : a s.'s bite. 
 ictus serpentls, Plin. 2J, I, II, ^ 14 (see 
 also BITE (II.) : a s.'s hissings, serpentis 
 sibila (irreg. netit. plur. of sibilus), Ov. 
 M. ?, ?8 : s.s' crests, (draconuni) jubac, 
 Virg. .^en. 2,206: s.'s cot?«, orbes, volu- 
 mina, spirae, Virg. Aen. 2, 704, 208, 217 : 
 also, tortus, ib. ?, 276 : s.'s skin, anguina 
 pellis, Cato R. R. 7? : s.'s fat, anguinus 
 adeps, Plin. }o, 5. 12, } J7 : s.'s fangs, 
 viperei denies, Ov. M. 4. 57?: a s.'s 
 slough, exuviae, Virg. Aen. 2,47?: cf. 
 vestem (exuere), spolium, Lucr. 4, 58, 
 60 : niembrana (chelydri). Ot. M. 7, 
 272: cf. membrana sive senectus an- 
 guium, Plin. 29, j, j2, } loi : cf. senec- 
 tam, senectutem (exuere), id. 20, 2?, 95, 
 J 254: 8, Ji, 49. "': s.-bom, angui- 
 gena (of the Thehans), Ov. M. }, 529 
 (;ji): cf. serpentigena, Ov. M. 7, 212: 
 draconigena, Ov F. }, 86; : s.-footed, 
 anguipes (of the giants), ib. i. 184: cf. 
 serpentipes, Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 17 : s.-handed. 
 anguiinanus (of the elephant, with ser- 
 p€id aiins or trunk), Lucr. 2, ;?6 (;?8). 
 snake-fish {<"■ ./>•''' resembling the 
 conger) : 1. Sphidion ( = 6*iS<'oi', 
 littk s.). Plin. n, 9. ?«, { 109: 'Ophl- 
 dium barbatum, Linn. 2. draco 
 
 niarinus (ihe Dragon Weever), F'lin 
 27. 4{. $ 82 : J2, II, !!?, 5 148. 
 dra'unrtilus ^same as preced.) : Plin. J2, 
 M, ;j, \^ 148. 
 
 -like : '''■ SERPKNT-LIKE, SEB- 
 
 PENTINE. 
 
 -root (a Virginian plant) : *ar- 
 
 istolochia serpentaria. 
 
 snake' 8-head iris (a bidlious plant 
 of Araltia) : *lris tul)erosa, Linn. 
 
 -stone : ^'- sekpentine stone. 
 
 -weed; •p6K-g6nura bl.^torta. 
 
 -wood '• * lignum colubrinum 
 
 (the wood of the •Strj'chnos colubrina: 
 T{ot.1. 
 
 l 
 
 snake-worshippers (a *ect) 6phu 
 
 tae IVrt. Praescr. 47. 
 
 snaky ; 1. anguiojmua (with M. 
 hair): a. liorgon, Ov. M.4.699. 2. 
 anguineus a. comae. Ov. Tr. 4. 7, 11. 
 
 3, viiigreus: the s. monster, {i.e. 
 the serpeii'-ljaired head of Medusa), v. 
 moiibtruni, Ov. ,M. 4, 615: cf. v. sorores 
 (I. e. the Furies), ib. 6, 661 : and v. pen- 
 nae (i. e. winge'l serpents), ib. 7, 191. 
 
 4. colubrifer (with s. ti esses): c 
 monstrum (1. e. Medusa), Ov. M. 5. 241 : 
 c. collum, Lucan 9, 677 (6-5). Phr.: 
 irith s. Iresfes, (Gorgonis os) criniium 
 anguibus, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, ;6: cf. (Tisi- 
 phone) impexa feros pro crinibus angues, 
 Tib. I, }, 69. 
 
 snap ('••)•• A. Trans.: J. 
 
 7o lireak off shr/rt i/r sud/ienl'i : 1, 
 praelringo, j (to break off tlie point) ; to 
 s. the points of spears, hastas p., Liv. 8, 
 10, posi init. ' 2. rumpo, rupl, ruptum 
 }: to s.a botr, r. arcum, Phaedr. j. 14, 
 10: see also TO burst 'A.). 3. prae- 
 rumpo, }: the cabUs vere s.'d, tunes 
 praerumpebantur, Caes. B. G. j, 14: v. 
 to break off (lit and fig.): cf. frango 
 and compds. (v. to break). 4. <!*- 
 tergeo, si, sum, 2 (rare in this s/'pse) : 
 to s. the oars in .lailing by, remos trans- 
 currentes d., Caes. B. C. i, 58. 6. 
 infringo, j (to break partially, e. g. the 
 stem of anything) : ut si quis violas 
 riguove papaver in horto llliaque in- 
 fringat, Ov. M. 10, 191 (v. to crack, 
 A., L). See also to burst (A., I.), to 
 
 break (A., L), TO BREAK OPEK. ||. 
 
 To s. the fingers or whip: 1. o>n- 
 crepo, piii.pitura, I (either cU)Sol. or with 
 digitis): uho, as soon as the decemi-irt 
 shoidd hare s.'d their fingers (i. e. at the 
 least signal from them) might be in 
 aryns against the citizens, qui sim-ilac 
 decemviri concrepuerlnt, armati in cives 
 esse possint, Cic. Agr. 2, 30, 82: by 
 (merely) s.irig his fingers, si digitis con- 
 crepuerif, id. Off. J, 19, 75 (expr. also 
 by digitonim percu.sslone, lb. 78). 2. 
 infringo, j, to s. (or crack) one's fingers, 
 i. mauus, Pelr. 3? (expr., id. n, by 
 nianus inter se usque ad articulorum 
 strepitum constringere) . cf. i. articulos, 
 Quint. II. J, i;8. Phr.: to s. a uhip, 
 insoiiare flageilo, Virg. Aen. 5. 579 : to 
 s. one's fingers at (i.e. to show contempt 
 for), contcmno, sperno. etc. . v. to db- 
 SPISE. B. Intrans.: |, Ib 
 
 break asunder with a sharp noise : 1. 
 dissilio, iii, 4: the sword s.'d asunder 
 u-ith tlie blow.mncTi) ictu ilissilnii, Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 7?9. Frequent, dissullo. .See 
 also to crack (B., 1.): to fly apart. 
 2. crepo, I'll, itum, i (to brrak with 
 a crash) : the onrs in pushing against a 
 pointeil rock s.'d. aciito \x\ murice remi 
 obnixi crepuere, Virg. Aen. ?, 206. 3. 
 expr. by retl. of frango, rumpo, etc. (v 
 TO BREAK, B., I.). P h r. : shrubs "hick 
 s. like glass, arbusculae vitri niodo fra- 
 giles, Plin. (Quich.). See also to crack 
 (B., I.), TO SPLIT. II, To make a sharp 
 sound: 1. cr5po, etc. (v. to crack, 
 B., II.): the signal of a i:vgrr s.ivg, 
 signa dlgiti crepantis. Mart, j, 82, 15, 
 J-Yequent. crfpit-> (v. to i ra<kle). 2. 
 incr^po (avi, atum), ui. Hum, i : Ihs 
 l-ony hand s.'d (or rattled), polliclbug 
 fragiles increpuere manus. Prop. ; ^4), 
 7, 12 : v. TO rattle. 
 
 at : \, Lit.: T\) try to seiu 
 
 iHth the u'eth : 1. arripio mordicus : 
 a. mord. nianum, PI. Cure. 5. I, 7. 2. 
 morsu apprehendo, I'lin. 11. 24, 28. 
 ij 84: cf. morsu corrlpere, id. 10, 40, ^6, 
 \ II?: m. preniere. Lucr. j, 664 (66j): 
 inorsitius iusequi, Ov. ,M. u. 568 mor- 
 sus inferre, lb. 11, 58: morsu appetere 
 (Hg.), Tac. H. 4, 42, med.: hiare ad 
 inorsum, Plin. 8. 1%. l8, J 91. ||. 
 
 Fig.: To aim ot nigeily: perh. hianti 
 ore capto ibjised on praeterfluciitem 
 aquam hi.inli ore capUre, Curt. 4, 16. 
 ad m-d.). Of. affecto, p«to, <"tc. (v. to 
 AIM, 111.): capto, appCio, arripio (V. TO 
 GRASP AT, seize UPON): aucupor (t. 
 
 TO CATCH AT.) 
 
 y^jt ; I, 7V> Mt greedily or 
 
 qtiic\ly: coVripTo. 5: rgrb-:rvi opening 
 761
 
 SNAP 
 
 SNATCH AWAY 
 
 SNEAK 
 
 wide his three throats s.s up the morsel 
 throti-n to him, Orbprus tria guttura 
 pandens c. ohjectam (offam), Virg. Aen. 
 6, 422. Cf. also devoro, obsorbeo, etc. 
 
 (V. TO UEVOUB. GULP DOWN, GOBBUl'): 
 
 •aperto ore captare (0/ a dog), Georg. 
 II, To snatch up, snze, q. v. for 
 lit. sense : and for fig. sense, e. g. to s. 
 -up reports, excipere mmores : v. TO 
 CATCH OT. Also, to s. vp by stealth, 
 Burrlpio (v. to filch, sti:al). |1|. 
 '^o interrupt abusiveUj or abrupuy: 
 jerh. corripio convicio, Caes. B. C. I, 2 : 
 also corripio, ahsol.. Suet. Ner. 35. i^it. 
 Cf. also Cie. Att. 5. i. 4. absurde et 
 aspere verbis vulluque respundere. 
 Phr. : to s. lip one vho is mistaken, 
 eripere errorem alicui, Cic. Att. 10, 4, 6: 
 cf. demere per vim errorem, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 2, 140. 
 
 snap, snapping (.subs.) .- \. a 
 
 sudden breaking: expr. by wrb: v. to 
 SNAP (A., B). II. A sharp noise : cre- 
 pitus, fragor : v. noise, crash : or expr. 
 by verb: v. to snap (A. II., B. 1. II.) : 
 the s. of a vhip, flagelli sonus, Sen. 
 Ep. 122, ad fin. |||. An attempt to 
 bite : e. g. to make a s. at : expr. by 
 vei'b : V. to snap at. 
 
 snap-dragon: [. The plant :*An- 
 tirrhlnum, Linn. \\. The game : *lusus 
 uvaruni pas.>;arum quae ex spiritu vini 
 iiiflammato diripiuntur (Ainsw.). 
 
 snappish : 1. mordax, acis {given 
 to biting, oi a dog): a s. cur, m. cams, 
 PI. Bac. 5, 2, i-j. For fig. sense, v. snarl- 
 ing 2 acer: o very s. wife, acer- 
 rima uxor", PI. Merc. 4, 4. 56. See also 
 CRABBED. 3. stomachosus, iracundus, 
 
 etc. (V. IRRITABLE, PASSIONATE). 
 
 snappishly. stQmachose, iracunde 
 (v. IRRITABLY-, ANGRILY): or expr. by 
 adj. (V. SNAPPISH). P h r. : to answer s., 
 absurde et aspere verbis vultuque re- 
 Bpondere, Cic. Att. 5, i, 4; see also to 
 SNAP UP (III.)- 
 
 snare (^'•)-- I- Lit.: iliaqueo, I: 
 V. to ensnare. Usu. expr. by verb and 
 gubs. : e. g. laqueis captare, pedicas po- 
 nere, etc. (v. snare, subs., I.). Join: 
 to s. wild animals with nooses, birds 
 with lime, laqueis captare feras et fallere 
 visco, Virg. G. i, 139: to be s.d (or 
 caught) in the lasso (of a bull), validis 
 haerere in laqueis. Prop. }, J 2 (2, 34). 48- 
 II. Fig.: 1. illaqueo, i. 2. 
 irretio,'4: v to entangle, ensnare. 
 
 snare (su'«)- I. Lit.: 1. la- 
 qufius, i, m. (a noose) : to capture wilii 
 animals in s.s, captare feras laqueis, 
 Virg. G. I, 159: V. NOOSE. 2. pf- 
 dica,/. (a yin, springe) : to place s.s (or 
 springes) if or cranes, gruibus p. ponere, 
 Virg. G 1,301: Liv. 21, 3^ /"• 3. 
 plaga, /. (a hunting-net) : to drive a 
 woWinto the s.s. compellere in plagas 
 lupura {V. I. Lycum), PI. PoeiL 3, 3, 35 : 
 to lay S.S, tendere. ponere p. Cic. (.»11. 3, 
 I" 68: to fall into as., Incidere (sc. m 
 piagas), ib. : v. net {subs.). [For to 
 entice into a s., v. to decot.J ||. 
 Fig. : 1. laqugus, i, m. : to entangle 
 one in s.s (or traps) of questions, inter- 
 rogationum laqueis aliquem in etire, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 10, 43: cf. 1. Stoicorum, id. 
 Tusc. 5, 2';, 76, and pass. : to lay s.s for 
 a rival, rivali I. disponere, Ov. A. A. 2, 
 595 : to fall into a s., cadtre in 1., ib. 3. 
 591 : cf." in 1. se induere. PI. Cas. i, 2; ; 
 dc: toput mie's neck i«to a s., coUum 
 in 1. inserere, Cic. Verr. 4, n, iT to 
 escape from a s., se expedire ex 1., id. 
 t 42 " 102. 2. plaga : to contrive 
 s'.s (of the Stoics), p. texere, Cic. Acad. 
 2 48, 147 (>ee also to snare, II.). 3. 
 fovea : to deceive by a s., fovea decipere, 
 PI. Poen. I, 1, 59- 4. casses, lum, in. 
 Alt., hunting-nets : v. net) : Tib. I, 6, 5. 
 5. rete, is, n. ^v. net): r. anions, 
 Lucr. 4, 114". 6. indago, inis, /. 
 
 (lit , an encircling u-ith nets) : to catch, 
 to to speak, in a s., velut indagine capere, 
 Tac.A. 13, 42,/n. 7. insidiae, arum, 
 / : to contrive s.s, i. parare, comparare, 
 tendere, collncare, ponere, struere, Caes. : 
 componere, Tac: Prop.: Tib.: disponere, 
 
 guiut.: (v. AMBDSH, STRATAGEM). Phr.: 
 
 f„U. of S.S, insidiosus, Cic. : Ov. : PUn. : 
 762 
 
 to lay s.s against, insidiari (with dat.) : 
 
 V. AMBUSH, to lie IN, AMBUSH ; iS it 
 
 unjust that your enemies should fall into 
 the s. Vie.y have laid for you f (injurium 
 est) qua via te (adversarii) raptent, 
 eadem ipsos capi? 'I'er. Hec. i, i, 16 (see 
 also supr. 11., 1). [For to entice into a S-, 
 V. to allure, inveigle, seduce.] 
 
 snarl («•) •■ (*" growl as an angry 
 dog): I. Lit. : 1. hirrio, 4 (also 
 irrio : post-classical, but the nearest 
 equivalent) : it is a kind of instinct in 
 dogs tliat they s., if they do not bark, 
 veluti e»t cariibns innatum, ut etsi non 
 latrant, tauien birriani, Sid. Ep. 7, i 
 2. gannio, 4 (to yelp) : v. to yelp. 
 II. Fig.: 1. ganiiio, 4: what is 
 he s.ing at ? what dues he want ? quid 
 ille gannitf quid vult? Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 
 17. 2. oggannio, 4 (fig.): to s. in 
 one's ear (i. e. to txcit with), alicui ad 
 aurem o., Ter. Ph. 5, 9, 4'- 3. ringor, 
 ctus, J (to open the mouth wide, to show 
 the teeth, like a dog uhen avgry) : he s.s, 
 though you may laugh, ille ringimr, tu 
 rideas, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 27 (where 
 Donatus : ringi est stomachari taciturn : 
 est enim tralatio a canibus latraturis). 
 4. subringor, 3 (less strong than 
 preced.) : they will s. somewhat, who do 
 not like my having a villa, il subrin- 
 gentur qui villam me nioleste ierunt 
 habere, Cic. Att. 4, ; (v. to chafe, IV. : 
 ANGRV, to be). For fig. sense, see also 
 to grumble, murmur, complain. 
 
 snarl isubs.) : 1. hirritus us : 
 
 Sid. Ep. 9, 16. 2. gannitus, us: Lucr. 
 5, 1069. Fig.: to provoke by s., ganni- 
 ti'bus lacessere. Mart. 5, 60, 2. Or expr. 
 by verb : v. to snarl. 
 
 snarling (adj.): no exact word, 
 perh. mordax (v. snappish). Fig. : the 
 s. Cynic, Cynicus m., Hor. Ep. i, 17, 18. 
 Join: m. et lividus, id. S. 1, 4, 9? (v. 
 sprrEFUL) : perh. too pugnax, inipor- 
 tunus, may serve lit. and fig. : v. snap- 
 pish. ^ , 
 
 snarler: I. Lit-: expr.byiw6.- 
 e.g. qui birrit, etc. (v. to snarl, 1.). 
 II. Fig.: expr. by adj. (v. snarl- 
 ing, wlj.). „ . 
 snatch, snatch up ("■) •• 1. '""P'O' 
 
 rapui, raptum, 3 : '«< the youth s. up 
 arms, arma rapiat Juventus, Virg. Aen. 
 •;, 340 : cf. bipennem dextra r., ib. 1 1, 651 : 
 to s. kisses, oscula r., Hor. Od. 2, 1 2, 28 : 
 cf. Venerem r., id. S. i, J, 109; illicitos 
 voluptates r., Tac. H. 3, 41. Fig.: to s. 
 (or seize) the rule, doniinalionem r., 
 Tac. A, 4, I : to s. (or xtize) an oppor- 
 tunity, occasionem r., Hor. Epod. 13, 3 : 
 V. TO SEIZE, POUNCE UPON. 2. cor- 
 ripio, ripui, reptum, 3 : to s. up a bow 
 and arrows, arcum sagittasque c, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 188: to s. up the reins, c. lora, 
 Ov. M. 2, 14;. 3. arrlpio, 3 : owr men 
 s. up what arms they can,^ nostn arma 
 quae possunt a., Caes. B. C. 2, 14 ; to s. 
 vp bows, arcus a., Ov. M. ;, 64 ; cf. ensem 
 a , ib. I!, 385 : to s. one up by the vaist 
 and hold up, subliniem medium (ali- 
 quem) a., Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18. 4. Prae- 
 ripio, 3 (to take quickly): to s. kisses, 
 oscula p., Lurr. J, 896: to s. up billets, 
 codicillos p.. Suet. Ner. 49. 5. carpo, 
 psi, ptum, 3 : to s. kisses, c. oscula, 
 Prop. I, 20 ui). 27: Ov. H. II, 117. 
 Fig. : «. the (piesent) day, carpe dieni, 
 Hor. Od. I, II, 8: s. pleasures as they 
 fill, fugitiva gaudia c. Mart. 7, 47, 11: 
 to s. sleep, somnos c, Virg. G. 3, 4J5 '• 
 c. quietem, id. Aen. 7, 414 : c. soporem, 
 ib. 4 522. 6. capto, i : v. to catch at. 
 — ^ away : 1. rapio, rapui, rap- 
 tum, 3 : the hour which s.s away genial 
 day, almum quae r. hora diem, Hor. Od. 
 
 4, 7, 8 : V. Tf) DRAG (I.), TO HURRY (II.). 
 
 2. abstraho, 3 ; abripio, 3 : v. TO 
 
 TEAR AWAY, TO HURRY AWAY. 3. 
 
 rapto, I : the standards uhich were being 
 s.'d {or swept) away by whirlwind and 
 water, signa quae turbine atque unda 
 raptabantur, Tac. A. i, 30. 4. eripio, 
 3 (gen. in part. pass, in the sense of 
 snatched away by death) : s.'d away by 
 the Fates, fatis erepta, Ov. M. I, 358 : 
 a husband s.'d an ay (or cut qfT) in the 
 prim£ if life, primis conjux e. in annis. 
 
 Val. Fl. 3, 316 : V. TO cut off (II.). 
 5. intercipio, 3 (in the sense ot 
 preced.) : Cererem (i. e. corn) i., Ov. M. 
 8, 292 : if the Fates had s.'d me away, 
 si me fata intercepissent. Quint, prooem. 
 lib. 6, init. : cf. fero, aufero (v. to carry 
 off). 6. aufgro, abstiili, ablatum, 3 
 (mostly in bad sense : to take with vio- 
 lence, steal) : to s. away money from the 
 treasury, pecuniam de aerario a., Cic. 
 Att. 7, 21, 2 : cf. aliquid herisa., PI. Bac. 
 4, 4, 8. Join: eripuisti atque abstullsti, 
 Cic. Div. in Caecil. ;, 19. 7. surripio, 
 3 (to .?. away secretly): v. to filch, 
 PILFER. 8. praeripio, j: v. tocaret 
 OFF, kavish. 
 
 snatch down : 1. deripio, 3 : to s. 
 
 down the moon from the sky, lunam 
 coeio d., Hor. Epod. 5, 46: to s. down 
 boughs from a tree, ramos arbore d., 
 Ov. M. II, 29. 2. devello, velli, vul- 
 sum, i : they were for s.ing down Pisi's 
 statues, effigies Pisonis devellebant (v. I. 
 divellebant), Tac. A. J, 14 : v. TO pull 
 
 DOWN. 
 
 from or out: 1. enpio, j: 
 
 to s. a siv/rd from its sheath, e. ensem 
 vagina, Virg. Aen. 4, 579 tos.a brand 
 from the lire, e. torrem ab igne, Ov. M. 
 8, 457 : cf. evello : to s. one out of the 
 hands of tlie enemy, e. aliquem e maiii- 
 bus hostium, Caes. B. G. I, 5}: cf. e. 
 aliquem ex periculo (v. TO rescue, save, 
 deliver): to s. (or take) the words out 
 of one's mouth, e. oratioiiem alicui ex 
 ore, PI. Merc. i. 2. 64 : cf. primam vocem 
 ab ore loquentis, Virg. Aen. 7, 119: v. 
 ToTAKEFiioM. 2. extorqueo, si, tum, 
 2 (to urest away) : the dagger ivas s.'a 
 out of your ha7ids, tibi sica de manibu* 
 extorta est, Cic. Cat. i, 6, i6: v. to 
 
 WRF.ST, EXTORT, FORCE FROM. 3. aVCUo, 
 
 velli or vulsi, vulsum, 3 : s.'d from the 
 embrace of lulus, complexu avulsus 
 lull, Virg. Aen. 4, 616 : thou canst not 
 be s.'d (from me) : together, ay, together 
 will we twain go, non potes avelli ! 
 simul, ah ! simul ibimus ambo, Ov. Tr. 
 I, 3, 81. Join: to s. otie from hi* 
 mother's embrace, aliquem de matris 
 complexu a. atque abstrahere, Cic. Font 
 17, 46 (y. TO TEAR away): cf. divello, 
 revello, distraho (v. Smith's Lat. Diet, 
 s. vv. : and art. to separate). 
 
 off: !• deripio, 3 : to s. off 
 
 the dress from her bosom, d. vestem a 
 pectore, Ov. M. 9, 637: cf. d. velamma 
 ex humeris, ib. 6, ^bb : d. pellem leoni, 
 ib. 3, 52 : V. TO tearoff. 2. avello, 3 : 
 v. to pluck off, pull off, take off. 
 Phr.: to s. (or tear) off one's trarelling 
 cloak (i. e. to press one to stay), scindere 
 paenulam alicui, Cic. Att. I3> 3 J, 4- 
 .up : V. TO snatch : also to 
 
 PLUCK UP, uproot. 
 
 snatch (subs.): usu. in phr.: to 
 make a s. at, expr. by verb (v. to 
 .SNATCH AT). Phr. : s.« of sunshine, 'sol 
 interdum nubibus interfulgens (based on 
 Liv. 28, 23, med. : aurum cumulo alia- 
 rum rerum interfulgens) : by s.s of 
 moonlight, per incertam lunam, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 270 : to do a thing by s.s. *carp- 
 tlni ac temere agere (v. fit, subs., 11.): 
 cf. per intervalla, Plin. 8, 42, 66, } 164: 
 to sing a s. of a song, perh. *carptim, 
 iiiterrupte cantare. See fitfully, ran- 
 dom (at). 
 
 snatching (a^y) •• v. gbasping, co- 
 
 VEIOUS. 
 
 sneak (f) : 1. correpo, psi, turn, j 
 (to creep or slink to a place) : to s. into 
 some mercliunt-vessel, c. in aliquam one- 
 rariam, Cic. Att. 10, 12, 2. 2. derepo, 
 3 (to s. doim) : the cat s.s down to the 
 lair of the bristly sow, (feles) d. ad 
 cubile setosae suis, Phaedr. 2, 4, 12. 
 Also with ace: bears s. down a tree 
 backwards, ursi arborem aversi d., Plra. 
 8. 36, 54, no. 3. obrepo. 3 (to steai 
 upon unawares) : tiith what light Joot- 
 steps do cats s. towards birds, feles quam 
 levibus vestigiis o. avibns, Plin. 10. ^J. 
 94, i 202 : cf. Cic. Fam. 16. 21, 3, Cra- 
 tippus saepe inscientibus nobis o. Also 
 frequent, obrepto, PI Pers._ I, 2, 27 : 
 V. to steal upon. 4. arrepo, irrepo, 
 } (tig. : to steal into one's good graces) :
 
 SNEAK AWAY 
 
 SNOW 
 
 SNOW-DROP 
 
 ▼. TO INSnJCATE, INGBATIATB, CBEEP 
 
 (IV.). (N.B. — Repo and serpo to be 
 avoided, not bping precise enough, and 
 best rendered Ijy to crawl, to creep.) 
 
 sneak awar or off : P h r. : clam se 
 Bubducere (liuncd on Cic. Q. P'r. j, 4, i, 
 de circiilo se subdiia-re : and Ter. Kun. 
 4, 1, 25, clam te sulxlii.xti mihi) : you 
 t.'d aiiay from me, surripuisli ic ruihl, 
 PI. Men. ?, 1, 26 : of. se subtrahere, Liv. 
 
 28, 25, init. : (v. TO SLIP AWAT, WITH- 
 DBAW). 
 
 sneak (subs.): expr. by adj. (v. 
 sneaking) ; to play the s. (v. to sskak, 
 
 SNEAK TO, SNKAK ABOUT, CRINGE), ob- 
 
 Eequio graiisari, Hor. S. 2, 5, 95 : or expr. 
 by circuml. (cf. qui qiiidvis perpetiantur, 
 cuivls deserviiuii, duin quod veliut con- 
 sequantur, Cic. Ofl'. i, jo, loj). 
 
 sneaking (f^j) • abject ns, projectus, 
 demissus (v. abjkct, mean): htuiiilis, 
 summissus (v. guovklling). See also 
 
 8LY, CONNING ; OliSEQUlOnS. 
 
 sneakin^ly : abjecte, demisse : or 
 expr. by adj. (v. sneaking) ; or by verb 
 (v. TO SNKAK): to behave s., humiliter 
 servire(v. to sneak to, to cringe): see 
 
 OBSEQUIOUSLY, SERVILELY : also SLILY. 
 
 sneer, sneer at («•) • Phr. : you s. 
 
 at obscure mtn. iiaso suspendis aduiico 
 ignotos, Hor. S. i, 6, 5 : of. Balatro 
 snspendens omnia naso, ib. 2, 8, 64 ; 
 tacito ridere naso. Mart. 5, 19, i";: 
 naribus uti, Hor. Kp. i, 19, 45 : rides et 
 nimis uncis naribus indulges, Pers. i, 41 : 
 to s. at with covert sarcasm, obliquis 
 orationibus carpere aliquem. Suet. Dom. 
 
 2, extr. (v. TO CARP at). See also to 
 
 MOCK, JEER, RIDICULE, SATIRIZE. 
 
 sneer, sneering (subs.) : rhonchus : 
 
 Mart. I, J, 5: id. 4, 86, 7. Also iiasus, 
 absol. : Lucilius, tcho first established 
 the s. of the pen (i. e. satirical uriting), 
 (Lucilius) qui primus condidit stili n., 
 Plin. praef. } 8. Phr. : the nose which 
 has been assigned by modern custom to 
 i.ing, nasus quein novi mores subdolae 
 irrisioni dicavere, Plin. 11, 57, 59. J 158. 
 Also such exprr. as to regard witli a s., 
 may be rendered by verb (v. to sneer). 
 See also jeer, mockery, ridicule. 
 
 sneeze ("■) •• stemuo, ui, J ; to wor- 
 ship some deitfi, when he has s.d (since 
 the Romans considered this a favourable 
 omen), adorare (aliquem) cum sternuerit, 
 Plin. 2, 40, 40, ^ lo'j. Hence activiiy, 
 to s. out an omen, s. omen, Prop. 2, 
 
 3, 24 : cf. s. approbationcm, Cat. 4? (4;), 
 9 and 18. Frequent, sternuto, i : Petr.98, 
 med. Phr.: why do ice say " Uod bless 
 you !" when one is s.ing f cur sterau- 
 tamentis salutamus? Plin. 28, 2, 5, 1^ 2? : 
 the elephant utters a noise like one s.ing, 
 elephas sternutamento similem elidit 
 sonum, id.ii,5i,ii2,}269. For to ca use 
 to s. V. sneeze {subs.). Vulg. : not to 
 be s.d at (= not to be despised), may be 
 expr. by non contemnendus, non sper- 
 nendus (v. contemptible). 
 
 sneeze, sneezing (subs.) : i. ster- 
 
 numentum (gen. in plur.), Plin. 2, 7, 5, 
 ^24: to cause s., s. movere, id. 25, 5, 
 2 J, § 56 . to be shaken with s., sternu- 
 mentis quati, (Jell. 12, 5, ad fin. ; to cure 
 s., s. emendare, Plin. 28, 6, 15, ^ 57. 2. 
 sternutamentum : Cic. Uiv. 2, 40, 84 
 Plin. 21, 22, 9}, } 16 J : to excite s., s. 
 aaovere, ib. : cf. s. excitare, Cels. 8, 4, 
 id fin. : to clieck s., s. cohibere, Plin. 2j, 
 '1 27- } 54- See also to sneeze (Ph r.). 
 3. sternutalio (rare): App. M. 9, 
 p Jj8. 
 
 sneeze- wort: * Achillea piamnca: 
 Bot. 
 
 sniff (''•)■• no one word to expr. it: 
 Phr.: to s. the gale with open nostril, 
 patulis captare naribus auras, Virg. G. i, 
 176: cf. ventos et odorem captare, Plin. 
 8, 40, 61, 5 147 : to s. the scent greedily, 
 odorem totis trahere naribus, Phaedr. 3, 
 I, 4 : cf. ducere spiritum naribus, Varr. 
 R. R 2, J, 5 (v. TO inhale) : / s. up my 
 nose the sai-oury smell, nasuni nidore 
 supinor, Hor. S. 2, 7, }8. (For to s. at. 
 s. out, V. TO smkll, 11., 111.) 
 
 sniff (subi.) : usu. in phr., to take a s., 
 expr. by verb (v. to sniff). 
 
 snip ("•)•■ I. ^ <^"* off the tip or 
 
 extremity : praecido, j ; amputu, I (v. 
 T<D lop off, cut off, crop) : circumcido, 
 circumsCco, etc. (v. to pabe). See also 
 TO SHEAR, CLIP. ||. 7b JiUh, pilfer : 
 q. V. 
 
 snip, snipping (subs.): |. a cut- 
 ting ii-ith shears, etc.: perh. pra<tIsio ; 
 amprit;"iii<) may .serve : but Ijest expr. by 
 t'ei(> (v. TO snip). II, Tloe part cut off : 
 1. praesegmina, resegmina (pL) : 
 V. PARINGS. 2. segmenta (pi.) : v. 
 
 i TRIMMINGS. 3. seguien (very rare) : 8. 
 
 ; unguium et capilli. Fab. PicUjr in Gell. 
 
 lo, I 5, med. |||, A tailor (v u 1 g.) : q. v. 
 
 snipe : scOlOpax acis, /. (= o-koAuJ- 
 
 nra^) Xemes : or 's. gallinago : Linn. 
 
 I snivel (''•) ■■ I. Jo ^o.^ « '^•'■'3/ 
 nose : perl). * mucura resorbere, nasi 
 pitultam retrahere (AInsw.). ||, To 
 whine, whimper, q. v. 
 
 snivel (subs.): 1. mucus, i, m. : 
 Cels. 4. i8, 2. 2. pitulta nasi : Join; 
 m. et mala p. nasi, Cat. 21 (2J), 17. 3. 
 excrementa (^pl.) narium, Tac. A. 16, 4. 
 Phr.: stlria pindens a na.so. Mart. 7, 
 J7, 5 : cf.destillaiid narium, Plin, 20, 17, 
 71, ^ 182 : congelata gutta nasi, Mart. 11, 
 
 98, 7. See also CATARRH. 
 
 sniveller : <xpr. by adj. (v. snivel- 
 ling): or verb (v. TO snivel). 
 
 snivelling: I. Hamng a dirty 
 nose: muciilentus (very late): Am. ?, 
 107: Prud. <rT€(|>. 2, 284: perh. also 
 mucosus (Ainsw.) Phr.: as. nose, 
 madidus na-sus, .Juv. 10, 199 : cf. rorans 
 frigore nasus, Mart. 7, J7, j. ||, J^iti- 
 ful, contemptible, q. v. 
 
 snob (an affected, pretentious per- 
 son) : perh. n6vus homo may serve 
 (though used only by Cicero in a poli- 
 tical sense for the first in a family who 
 obtained a curule office : cf. Cic. Fani. 5, 
 18, I). See also boob, pbetentious, 
 
 VULGAR. 
 
 snobbish : perh. illepidus, inur- 
 banus, etc. (v. inelegant) : agrestis 
 (v. boorish). See also pretentious, 
 
 VULGAR. 
 
 snood: vitta .•!. vitta virginea (v. 
 HEAD-DRE.SS): rfidimiculum (v. fillet). 
 
 snooded : vittutus : Ov. 
 
 snooze (subs, and v.) : v. nap («ubs. 
 II., and ('.). 
 
 snore ("•) • 1. sterto, iii, ? : to s. 
 the whole night, noctem totam s., PI. Asin. 
 5, 2, 22 : Hor. Ep. 2, 2,27 : cf. diem U.tuni 
 s., id. S. I, J, 18. 2. rhoncho, i (very 
 late): Sid. Ep. 1, 6. Phr. : <o s., naso 
 clamare magnum, PI. Alil. j, 2, 9 : pro- 
 flare pectore somnum, Virg. Aen. 9, 524 : 
 he s.s, (illi) meatus animae gravior et 
 sonantior, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, ad med. Perh. 
 too, *rhoncos edere, emittere (.Ainsw.) 
 
 snore, snoring (subs.) : 1. rhon- 
 chus : Mart. }, 82, 50. 2. proflatus, 
 us : Stat. Th. 10, no. 3. sterlentium 
 sonitus : Plin. 9, 10, 12, } j6. Or expr. 
 by verb (v. to snore). 
 
 snorer : stertens (v. preced. art. 3). 
 
 snort (''•) •• frfrao, iii, itum, i : 
 (equui) tremi!, Virg. Aen. 11, 496. 
 
 snort, snorting (subs.): fremitus, 
 lis, m. : f. equorum, Caes. ii. C. }, J8 : 
 Liv. 
 
 snorting (adj.) : perh. fremebundus : 
 cf.Cic. N. D. 2, J5, 89 (poet.). Or expr. by 
 pres. part, of xrrh (v. TO SNORE). 
 
 snout: rostrum: a sici«e's s., (suis) 
 r., Cic. Div. I, J }, 2J. Aho vulgarly oi 
 men : cf. PI. Men. i, i, IJ: Pctr. 75, 10. 
 Dimin. rostellum, Plin. Jo. ii. Jo, } 99. 
 Phr.: the s. of a pair of bellows, perh. 
 *myxa (used in .\lart. 14, 41, for the 
 nozzle of a lump) : v. also nose, nozzle : 
 an elephant's s. (or trunk), elephantis 
 manus, Cic N. 1>. 2, 47, izi (v. trunk, 
 proboscis). 
 
 snow (subs.) : 1. nix, nivis, /. ; 
 mount Cebmna uUh its very deep s. 
 nas a hindrance to the march, mons 
 Cebenna altissliiia n. iter impediebat, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 8 : when a path had been 
 cut through the s. six feet deep, discissa 
 nive sex in altitudlnem pedum (discissa 
 explained immediately afterwards by 
 atque ita viis patefactis), ib. : neir s. of 
 moderate depth oi-er old s., super veterem 
 nivem nova niodicae altitudinis, Liv. 21, 
 
 j6, ad med. : hoary s. falling, n. cana 
 cadens, Lucr. }, li : icAti the s. is on 
 the ground, n. Jacente (v. I. nivem ja- 
 ciens), Plin. 2, 49, 50, } ijj: m-Hing s., 
 tabida n., Liv. 21, }6, ad fin.: cf. tabea 
 llqucscenlis ii., ib ad mtd. : uheu the s. 
 begins to melt, (nive) liquesceiit>-, Plin. 
 8,55.81,} 217: rivers swolUn with n-intry 
 s., fluvil hibema n. turgidi, Hor. Od. 4, 
 1 2, 4. Also often in pi. : t/ie siAdier orxr- 
 whelmal iiith s.l and frosts, miles nivi- 
 bus prulnisque obrutus, Liv. ;, 2, med.: 
 s.s hardened by frost, n. duralae gelu, 
 Hor. Od. J, 24, )9: the s.s melt an ay, 
 pereunt n., Ov. F. j, 2,6: melte^J sj., 
 solutae n., id. Am. }, 6, 9?. Fig : the 
 S.S (or hoary locks) of tlu head, capitig 
 nives, Hor. 0<1. 4, ij, iz (a metaphor 
 censured by (^uiiit. 8, 6, ad med., as being 
 far-felche>i). 2, nlnguis, is,/, (very 
 rare : an antique form for preced.) : 
 white S.S, albae iiingues, Lucr 6, "]}$. 
 3. pruina (poet.: Ut. hoarfrost): 
 the great bodies of the oxen itand im^ 
 bedtied in s., stanl circumfu.sa pruinis 
 corpora magna boum, Virg. G. j, j68 : 
 cf. alto gelu, ib. {55. Join: nive 
 pruinaque, Cic. N. I>. i, 10, 24: v. also 
 supr. (1). P h r. : s., siccae aquae. Mart. 
 4. J, 7 : a fall of s., ningor, Oris, m., App. 
 (le Mundo, p. joQ (258) : the region 
 ofS; nivalis axis. Val. Fl. 5, 225 : etemci 
 s.s, nives quas ne aestus quidem solvit, 
 Cell.: cf. mountain-ridges capped with 
 eternal s., montium juga perenni nive 
 obruta. Curt. 7, 11, 8- cf. vertices (mon- 
 tium) aeterna nive obsessi, Sen. (4. N. 
 
 4, II, ad fin. : to struggle through the s., 
 nives eluctari, Tac. IL j, 59 : vater filled 
 tiith s. (for cooling wine), nivales undae, 
 Mart. 14, 118: cf. aquam recentem de 
 nive, ib. 117: o strainer filled with $, 
 (through which generous wines were 
 filtered), nivarium colum, Mart. 14, loj, 
 in lemm. : cf. nivarius saccas, ib. 104, 
 in lemm. : drinks cooled with s., polionea 
 nivatae. Sen. Q. N. 4, I?, ad fin. : cf. 
 aqua nivata, Petr. }l, ad init.: nivea 
 &qua. Mart. 12, 17,6: epotus nivis humor, 
 Macr. S. •],post nu:d. 
 
 snow («•) •• 1. ningo (ninguo), 
 nxit, J (mostly impers.): it s.s, ningit. 
 Col. II, 2, ad vied. (p. 429. Bipont 
 Ell.): ninguit, Virg. G. j, 567. Also 
 in pass, form : it rains and s.s, pluitur 
 et ningitur, App. Flor. p. J40 (112). 
 May be also expr. by nives cadunt, 
 Plin. 2, 10}, 106, { 254: nives decidunt 
 (Georg.) : it s.s heavily, plurima nix 
 e coelo delabitur (Georg.). 2. nivit, 
 J (very rare and pre-class. ; only in fig. 
 sense) : it hails, it s.s arrows, lead and 
 stones, sagittls plumlx) et saxis grandl- 
 nat, nivit, Pac. in Non. 507, 27. 
 
 snow -ball (subs.) .- l. glebula 
 nivis : .Scrib. C*>mp. 199. 2. globus 
 nivalis (based on Macr. S. 7, 12, aqua 
 quasi obsita globis uubium perducitur 
 ad nivalem rigoreiu). Perh. -ilso, 'pila 
 ex nive conip:ula. 
 
 snow-ball ('••)•• glehulis nivis, etc, 
 petere (v. snow-ball, subs.). 
 
 snow-ball-tree: "Viburnum opu- 
 lu.s Linn. 
 
 -bird, -bunting, -finch : 
 
 * Emberiza nivalis, Fringilla nivalis, 
 Linn. 
 
 -blind : *nivls candore caecatos, 
 
 ocaiecatus, etc. 
 
 bound : nive «. nivlbus op- 
 
 pletus, obrutus, etc. (based on : nives 
 omnia oppleverant, Liv.) : cf also Liv. 
 
 5, 2 : Virg. G. J, }68(v. snow, iii/'i, 1,3): 
 Phr.: the land is s.-b, sub nive terra 
 latet, Ov. 
 
 -clad : 1. niveus : a s.-c 
 
 mountain, n. mons. Cat, 61 (64). 240: 
 v. also SNOWY. 2. nive .'. nivibusob- 
 sessus, obrutus (v. snow, subs., Phr.): 
 sinily., open us, cinctus, coronatus, etc, 
 may he used. 
 
 - — -cloud: 'nubes nivBsa (Georg.). 
 
 dnft. -heap : niveus agger : 
 
 the land unshapely with s.-s, terra ag- 
 geribus niveis infonnis, Virg. G. j, 154. 
 Perh. too, •nivtum moles vento cumu- 
 lata. nives vento cunuilatae (Georg.). 
 
 -drop: *Galanthus nivalis. 
 
 76j
 
 SWOW-FLAKE 
 
 SO 
 
 bO 
 
 snow-flake : no exact word : pevh. 
 plumeae nives (v. flake). 
 
 -like ; ^- snow-white. 
 
 -shoe : perh. 'calceus nivi- 
 
 bus trajiciendis aptus factusque (R. 
 and A.). 
 
 -slip : *niviuin moles de monte 
 
 devoluUi. nives de monte devolutae 
 (Quich.) : * praeceps nivium lapsus 
 (Georg.). 
 
 -storm : 1. "Ws casus: Llv. 
 
 21, i;, vuui. 2. ningor, oris, m. : 
 App. de Mundo, p, jog (258). Perh. too, 
 * vis creberrima nivis (based on : vis 
 magna piilveris. Caes. B.C. 2, 26), Georg. 
 
 -water : aqua nivalis : Gell. 19, 
 
 5, ad init. (N.B. — Not undae nivales, 
 wh. = neater filled with snow: v. snow, 
 tubs.. Phr.) : cf. *aqua ex nive resoluta, 
 aqua e.\ nive (Georg.). 
 
 -white, snowy : I. Of colour : 
 
 1. niveus : s.-white arms, n. lacerti, 
 Virg. Aen. 8. 587: Briseis of a s.-ivhite 
 complexicm, Briseis n. colore, Hor. Od. 2, 
 4, J : cf. n. dens, Ov. H. 18, 18. 2. 
 nivalis: lu)rses of a s.y whiteness, equi 
 candore n., Virg. Aen. 3, 5J8. Fig.: 
 n. Pietas, Prud. in Syram. 2, 249. 3. 
 candidus: Virg.: Hor.: Ov. : v. fatr: 
 cf. candidum alta nive Soracte, Hor. Od. 
 I, 9. I. Phr.: the ceilings shone with 
 s.-white ivory, tecta fulgebant eboris 
 nive, App. de Mundo, p. J46 (270). For 
 fig. sense, v. pure, spotless. ||, Con- 
 sisting of snow or covered with snow : 
 1. nivalis : a s.y day, n. dies, Liv. 
 21, 54, }iost m£d.: s.y regions, nivalia 
 (loca), Plin. 26, 8, 29, $ 46 : Hebi-us bound 
 with s.y fetter, H. n. compede vinctus, 
 Hor. Ep. I, J, J. 2. niveus : v. snow- 
 clad, -DRIFT. 3. nivosus {full of 
 snmv) : a cold, s.y winter, hiems gelida 
 ac n., Liv. ;, ij, init.: cf. n. Scjthia, 
 Ov, H. 12, 27. 4. ninguldus (very 
 late) : s.y ridges, juga n., Aus. Ep. 24, 
 68 (69). £ln Prud. Calh. ;, 97, manna 
 is called n. cibus =food falling from 
 the sky like snow."] |||, Fig.: spot- 
 less, pure, innocent, q. v. 
 
 snub ("•) •■ I. 1^ chide : perh. cor- 
 ripio, etc. (v. TO OHIDF.) : rgprehendo, 
 vitiipero, etc. (v. to blame, censure). 
 (N.B. — Not conviciis, contumeliis con- 
 gectari [as given by R. and A.], which 
 seems too strong.) ||. To slight de- 
 signedly : perh. negligo, 5mitto, prae- 
 tfireo (v. TO disregard, slight.) 
 
 snub, snubbing {subs.) : e.Npr. by 
 verb : v. to sndb. 
 
 snub-nose : nasus coUisus : Sen. Ir. 
 }, 22, 4. Also, resimae nares (bourn, 
 simiarum) Col. 6. i, 5 : Ov. M. 14. 9; : 
 r. rostrum (hippopotami), Plin. 8, 25, 
 
 J9. i 95- 
 
 -nosed: 1, simus (best a&so?., 
 
 without nasus or nares, though Mart 6, 
 jq, 8, has puer slma nare) : s- (or flat- 
 nosed she goats, s. capellae, Virg. E. lo, 
 7. 2. silus (like preced.) : Cic. N. D. 
 I, 29, 80. 
 
 snuff- (s«bs.) : \, A burnt candle- 
 wick : fungus : Virg. G. I, {92 : or, f. 
 candelae may serve. ||, I'owdered 
 
 tobacco : 1. * tabacum con tri turn 
 
 (Georg.) 2. *pulvis sternutatorius 
 (Kr.). 3. sternutamentum {pi. : a 
 sneezing -p^toder) : cf. Cels. 6, 7, 9. 4. 
 sternumentum: cf. Plin. 25, 11,86, } 135. 
 5. medicamentum ad sternutamen- 
 tum movendum efflcax (where sternu- 
 tamentum = the act of sneezing), based 
 on Cels. }, 18, ad ined. (Georg.). Phr. : 
 to lalce s., •sternutamentum naribus 
 haurire • • tabacum contritura naribus 
 baurire (Georg.). Colloq. : up to s., 
 perh. emnnctae naris (= clean-nosed ; 
 hence, keen, acute : based on Hor. S. i, 
 4, 8, e. n. [Lucilius]: cf. Phaedr. j, j, 
 14) . also emtmctus, ahsol.. Quint. 1 2, 
 10, 17. 
 
 snuff (<'•)•■ I. I'o inhale: v. to 
 SNIFF. II, 7b snu^ (^a candle): Phr.: 
 •candelae lungum demere (Georg.). 
 
 snuff out, to: I. Lit.: of a 
 •andle : exstinguo, restinguo (v. to ex- 
 fiKGUiSH.) \\. Fig.: (0 smell out {y. 
 TO smell, A., II.). 
 
 snuff-box : * pyxldiciila elemiita- 
 ■364 
 
 menti s. tabaci contriti. (N. B. — Not 
 theca stemutatoria.) 
 
 snuffers, a pair of : emunctorium: 
 Vulg. Exod. XXV. j8. 
 
 snuff-taker : *Qui stemulamento s. 
 tabaco contrito uUtiir : an inveterate s., 
 *qui crebro «. nunquam non stemula- 
 mento, etc. 
 
 snuffle (i'.): \, To breathe through 
 the nose: *animam cum sono per nares 
 trahere (Georg.) : v. also to snivel. 
 II. To speak through the nose (or 
 ifith a nasal twang): balba de nare 
 loqui, Pers. i, JJ : perh. too, *vocem e 
 naribus proferre s. emittere (Ainsw.) 
 
 snuffle {subs.) : expr. by verb : e. g. 
 to speak uith a s., balba de nare loqui 
 (v. preced. art.). 
 
 snug : I. Closely pressed or 
 
 wrapped up: Phr. .- to lie s. in bed, 
 perh. *involutum stragulis j.icere : perh. 
 too, *se coraplicare : e. g. lUngenes lay s. 
 {— coiled up) in a tub, (D.) -se complicuit 
 in dolio. Sen. Ep. 90, ad mfd. (v. close, 
 compact). II. Concealed, hidden, 
 
 seaet,<\.\\ \\\, Retired, f\. v.: Phr.: 
 a s. spot, ab arbitris remotus locus (lit., 
 safe from intruders), Cic. Vcrr. 5, jf , 
 80. See also retreat, retirement. 
 IV. Comfortable, convenient, q. v.: 
 commbdiis : s. tirinter-quarters, c. hi- 
 bema, Liv. : a s. home, *c. domicilium. 
 
 snugly : v. closely : secretly : com- 
 fortably. Or expr. by adj. (v. snug). 
 
 so (adv. and conj.): |. Demon- 
 strative: A. With reference to 
 what precedes : in Die manner ilescribed, 
 in this manner: 1. sic: a blessing on 
 thy valour, boy.' so do men go heaven- 
 wards, macte virtute puer: s. itur ad 
 astra, Virg. Aen. 9, 641 : I.aelius, a 
 philosopher ; for so he nai, L. sapiens, 
 sic enim est habitus, Cic. 2. i'a : 
 / say that the young man in queslvm 
 was ill several days, and so dud, dico 
 ilium adolescentem aliquot dies aegro- 
 tasse et i. esse mortuum, id. Clu. 60, 
 168 : / do not see any reason why it 
 should be so, non video causam cur i. 
 sit, Cic. Att. 9. 2 (b.), 2. Special 
 Phr.: (i.) to be so : it is s., ita est, Cic. 
 pass. : sic est, Hor. : sic res est, I'er. ; 
 res ita se habet, Cic. : sic res se Labet, 
 id. : sic habet, Hor. S. i, 9, 5? : matters 
 being so, quae quum ita sint, Cic. : quae 
 cum res ita se haberet, id. : to be not so, 
 aliter esse, id. : aliter se habere, Caes. : 
 it must be so, fieri non potest aliter, Cic 
 (li.) be it so (or so be it). (1.) esto : v. to 
 GRAKT(n.). (2.) fiat: go K-ith me this 
 way, I beg. Be it so, i niecum hac, obse- 
 cro. Fiat, Plaut. : v. also to grant (11.) 
 (iii.) to do SO: (a.) Expressed: (1.) 
 expr. by facere id (esp. to avoid repeti- 
 tion of a previous statement) : it v ould 
 be tedious were I to tell you why I do so, 
 longum est si tibi narrem qiiamobrem 
 id faciam, Ter. Heaut. 2, J, 94. Also 
 facio, absol. : I hace done so before, and 
 I do so now, et feci ante et facio nunc, 
 Cic. Fam. i;, 14, i : v. also infr. (IX.). 
 (2.) when a verb is repeated, the latter 
 verb may be rendered "to do so" : the 
 Senate decreed that those should preside 
 over the provinces who had not already 
 done so, senatus eos voluit praeesse 
 provinciis qui non praefuissent, Cic. 
 Att. 6, 6, J. (j3.) Unexpressed: 
 N.B. — To do so may sometimes be im- 
 plied in Latin from the context : e. g., 
 the woman believes site cannot on any 
 account do so, ilia enlm se negat (supply 
 facturam esse from a previous yoctTK), 
 Ter. Ph. i, 2, 6? (L. G. } 654) : he tt^ 
 just plunging his sword into his bosom 
 (supply and woidd have d/me so), had 
 not, etc., gladium in pectus deferebat, 
 ni, etc., Tac. (L. G. } J96) : how are you 
 to find men of that class who love you 
 sincerely, instead of pretending to do so 
 for their own advaiitage f qui potes re- 
 perire ex eo genere hominum qui te 
 anient ex animo ac non sui commodi 
 causa siniuleni.' (supply te amare), Cic. 
 Q. Fr. I, I. 5, 15. (iv.) ?iow or why sof 
 quid ita i' Cic. : or simply, quid (v. how, 
 1., 5): quamobrera tandem f (Ainsw.). 
 (v.) just so or precisely so (In answers) : 
 
 ita plane, etc. (v. exactly, IH.). (vl.> 
 M i s c e 11. : hy chance, say you : do 
 you really think so (or is it ritally to), 
 casu, inquis ? itane vero ? Cic. : you 
 don't say so, quid ais : others perhaps do 
 not think so, aliis fortasse non idem vi- 
 detur (Ainsw.) : ?w, thinks he may do so, 
 idem sibi arbitratur liccre (Ainsw.): i/ 
 that be true, then this is so, si illud, hoc, 
 Cic. Fin. 4, 19, 55 : there is a elass of 
 people who will have it that they are 
 Jhst in everything, but are not so, est 
 genus hominum qui esse primes se om- 
 nium renim volunt, nee sunt, Ter. (cf. 
 L. G. } 4J2) : D. Ts this as I say t 
 L. It is even so, Estne hoc ut dico? 
 Ea res est, PI. Asin. i, i, 41 : Heaven 
 grant it may be so, Dii faxint: Dii fa- 
 ciant : utinam Dii faxint ut s. ne, etc. : 
 Dii bene vertant: Cic. pass. B. With 
 reference to what foUows : in the follow- 
 ing manner, as follows: 1. sic (with 
 ate. and inf. clause) : strive and so hold 
 (the theory) that tfutu art not m.ortal, 
 but that this body is, enitere et s. habeto, 
 non esse te niortalem, sed corpus hoc, 
 Cic. Rep. 6, 24 (8), 26 he replies that in 
 the oracular books, in Etruscan lore it 
 is so recorded that, etc., respondit sic 
 libris fatalibus, sic disciplina Elnisca 
 traditum esse (foUd. by ace. and inf.), 
 Liv. 5, 15. ad Jin. 2. ita (with occ. 
 and inf. clause) : for so he wiote to me 
 that, etc., i. enim scripsit ad me (foUd. 
 by ace. and inf.), Cic. Fam. ij, 24, i. 
 
 3. talia {neut. absol.: poet.) so 
 speaks he, t. fatur, Virg. pass. (N.B. — In 
 prose, in hunc modum, ad huiic modnm 
 would be used.) ||, Correlative: 
 
 as so : 1. nt (fcilld. by ita, 
 
 sic) : as the laws preside over magis- 
 trates, so do magistrates over the people, 
 ut magislratibus leges, ita populo prae- 
 sunt niagistratus, Cic. Leg. j, r, 2 : as 
 there are two speries of kings {queen- 
 bees), so there are two s'/rts among their 
 subjects, ut binae regum facies, ita cor- 
 pora gentis, Virg. G. 4, 9; : as you must 
 walk, must anoint yourself, so must J 
 sleep, ut tibi ambiilandum, ungnendum. 
 sic mihi dormiendum (est), Cic Att. 9, 
 
 7,7. For vein t sic, v. as (L, 9): fbr 
 
 sicut .... ita, item, v. Smith's Lat. Diet. 
 s. V. sicut, L, 2, ii.: 1., 1. ii. : and fur 
 prout .... ita, ita ... . pront, v. id. s. v. 
 prout. 2, ita .... ut (not sic ... . ut, 
 
 wh. = as as or as : cf. Smith's I^t. 
 
 Diet. s. V. sic, IL) : and so may Heaven 
 love me a.s l am delighted not so much 
 on my ouii account as on his, alque i. 
 me di ament ut ego nunc nun tam meapte 
 causa laetor quani illius, Ter. Heaut. 4. 
 {. 8. 3. quemadmodum .... sic : if, 
 as you generally argue on other subjects, 
 so you should have argued about friend- 
 ship, !-i q. soles de ceteris rebus, sic de 
 aniicitia disputaris, Cic. Am. 4, 16. For 
 quemadmodum (with ita, item, etc.), v. 
 Smiths Diet. s. v. II., 2: and for qiio- 
 modo .... sic, v. id. s. v. quomodo, IL, ii. 
 
 4, talis .... qualis : in order that 
 as we really are, so m« Tnay seem to be, 
 ut q. simus, t. esse videamur, Cic. 5. 
 quum .... turn: v. as (I., 13). [May 
 also be freq. expr. by such phrr. as, 
 turn .... turn, et .... et, where the 
 usual rendering " both .... and " would 
 be clumsy.] N.B. — (in proportion) as 
 
 .... so, expr. by quo eo (with 
 
 comp.) : also by tanto .... quanto (with 
 conip.), Hor. S. 2, 7, 18. |||. Conse- 
 cutive : and so, so then : 1. it^ue 
 {and so) v. accordingly : and Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. 2. ita (used logically) : 
 now virtue is full of activity, and your 
 deity inactive: consequently witliout 
 share in virtue, and so not even happy, 
 virtus autem actuosa est, et dens vester 
 nihil agens: expers igitur virtutis: ita 
 ne beatus quidem. Cic. N. D. i, 40, no. 
 
 3. ergo (in Ov. and the post-Aug. 
 poets sometimes ergo), Cic. pass. Join: 
 itaquee.. Ijv. 9, ji : Ter. 4. Igttur; 
 but the postman is pressing, to good-bye, 
 sed flagitat labellarius, valebi8 igitur, 
 Cic. Ep. (L. G. ^ 598). Join: ergoi., 
 Plaut.: Ter. (N.B. — y<ao!/« differs from 
 igitur, ergo, etc., in not being used like
 
 so 
 
 s o 
 
 SO-CALLED 
 
 them to draw a strictly logical con- 
 clusion.) 5. quP-: atid you do not find 
 an escape, and sn the uhole utate staggers, 
 Dec V08 exituni rcpfritis, tolaque res 
 vacillat. Cic. N. I), i, 58, 107 : cf. pubcs- 
 cant maturitatemque asscquantur qime 
 oriuntur e terra, lb. 2, 19, 50. Cf. 100, 
 et igilur, Igilurque, et ergo, et Ideo, 
 ideoque (Georg ) : v. also thkbkfobe. 
 (N.B. — So then may be expr. by quam- 
 obrem, quapropler, quaro, quoiirca, etc. : 
 V. WHKRKFOEE.) |V. Of M a n n e r or 
 Result: so ... tjiat, so . .. as, so that, 
 so as: 1, Its. . . . . ut : xo it results Uiat 
 reason presides, passion oljeys, i. fit ut 
 ratio praesit, appetiius obteiuperet, CIc. 
 Off. I, 28, lot: V. also THU.s: let us 
 always so live as to believe that tre must 
 render up an account, semper i. vivamus 
 ut ratioiiem reddendam (esse) nobis ar- 
 bitremur, Cic. (L. U. } 294). 2. sic 
 . . . . ut (more rarely) : so (= in such a 
 manner), Scipio, practise virtue as thy 
 grandsire did, sic, S., ut avus hie tnu.s 
 justitiam cole, (.'ic. Rep. 6, 15, i^, fin. 
 
 3. ut by exercise Demosthenes suc- 
 ceeded so that no otie was considei ed to 
 have been a plainer speaker tluin lie, 
 1). perfecit moditando, ut nemo planlus 
 eo locutus putaretur, Cic. (L. G. } 457). 
 P h r. : the infantry uere hurrying along 
 to as to look like a body of ruyiaways, 
 pediium aKHien in modum fugicntium 
 agebatur. Liv. 21, 41, post init.: and 
 io, quo factum est ut, qua re factum 
 est ut. y. Of the Purpose: A. 
 Affirmative; so that ^i: in order 
 that, so as to : 1. iit : they resolved 
 to make as large sowings as possible 
 to that (=in order that) then: might 
 be a supply of corn at hand on the 
 march, constiluemnt sementes quam 
 maximas facere, ut in itinere copia fru- 
 meuti suppeleret, Caes. B. G. i, j. 8. 
 quo : a lair ought to lie short, so that 
 (= in order thai) it may the mort easily 
 be grasped by the unlettered, legem 
 brevera esse oportet, quo facilius ab 
 imperitis teneatur, Cic. 3. qui (quae, 
 quod) : uxn-ds uere invented so as to 
 denote the ivill, verba reperta sunt quae 
 indicarent voluntatem, Cic. 4. <i'i>ii 
 (= so that meanichile) : the siege then 
 took the form of a blockade rather than 
 an assault for a few days, so that mean- 
 n'hile the general's icourul might be cumd, 
 obsidio deinde per paucos dies magis 
 quam oppufrnat'o fuit dum vulnus ducis 
 curaretur, Liv. (I,. G. } 497). See also 
 THAT, tJNT[L. B. Negative: 1. 
 ne (= ut non, quo non) : / am reluctant 
 to be an applauder, so that I may not 
 teem a flatterer, nolo esse laudator ne 
 ▼idear adulator, Auct. Her. 4, 21, 29. 
 
 2. ut ne (more rarely: v. Smiths 
 Lat. Diet s. V. ne, 5). 3. q«in, quo- 
 minus : nor did he think that savages as 
 they u-ere, they uvuld keep a check upon 
 themselves, so as not, etc-, neque sibi ho- 
 mines feros temperaturos existimabat, 
 quin, etc., Caes. E.G. i, }j: v. also L. G. 
 ^461,46;. VI. Of Extent or De- 
 gree: ii. So (followed by as or that) : 
 
 1, ita . . . . ut (ita gen. with verbs, 
 adjj., or advv.) .- (a.) so exceedingly : 
 aU the news that is brought from your 
 quarter is so uncertain that I cannot 
 tell uhat to ivrite, i. erant omnia quae 
 isthinc afferebantur incerta ut quid ad 
 te scriberem non occurreret, Cic. Ep. 
 (L.G. $} 198, 404, q. v., tor the epistolary 
 tenset) : but there are some so unmusical 
 OuU tliey cannot come into the number 
 of orators, sed sunt quidam i. voce ab- 
 »oni ut in oratorum nunieruni venire 
 non pi)S'-:iiii,Cic. : this indeed so inflames 
 their minds tluit, etc., id vero i. acccndit 
 animos ut, etc., Liv. 6, 14, post med. : cf. 
 Cic. Verr. i. 4, 12. (6.) so little: they 
 triumphed, it is true, yet so (little) that 
 the other, routed and overintxeemd though 
 he uas. was still a sovereign, i. triumph- 
 arunt ut ille pulsus superalusque reg- 
 naret. Cic. Manil. j, 8: tliat the state 
 w not so (little) ill that it can be 
 propped up by usual remedies, non 
 i. civitatem aegram esse ut consuetia 
 remediis eisti possit, Liv. j, 20, fin. 
 
 2. sic ... . ut (very seldom found 
 with adjj.): his piocince is full of the 
 bravest meti so (= to sucli an extent) 
 that none in the vhote of Italy can l/e 
 railed more peopled (u-ith tliein), hujus 
 praefectura plena est virorurn foriissi- 
 morum sic, ut nulla tota Italia frequen- 
 tior dici possit, CIc. 3. adeo .... iit : 
 so inexperienced in matters as to trust, 
 et'.-., a. Imperitus rerum, ut. etc.. Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 27, ined. : Hannibal was so 
 straitened by want of means that, etc., 
 a. inopia est coactus H., ut, etc., Liv. 
 22, J2, post init. : but v. Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. adco : and for usque 
 eo .... ut, v. id. 8. V. usque. III., ii. 
 
 4. tani (lolld. by quam, qui, 
 
 or ut) : nothing seems to Xempluin so 
 princely as the pursuit of tilling the 
 soil, nihil Xeiiophontl t. regale videtur 
 q. studium agri colendi, Cic: viho is so 
 sharp-sighted as not to stumble at all 
 in such darlniess as thisf quis est t. 
 lynceus qui in tantis tenel)rls nihil 
 ofTcndat ? Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 2 ; nor were ue 
 so mad as to, etc., neque t. denientes 
 
 eramus ut, etc., Cic. 5. tantus 
 
 (foIM. by quantus, ut, qui) : Intver sair 
 so large a meeting as yours now is, 
 nullam unquam vidi tantam (contionem) 
 quanta nunc vestra est, Cic. : he iras not 
 so great a man tliat, etc., non fuit t. 
 homo ut, etc., id. : they determineil that 
 that crime teas so atrocious that it ought 
 not to be concealed, statuerunt t. illud 
 esse maleficium quod non occultari de- 
 beret, id. (N.B. — In CIc. Fam. t, 7, 4, 
 tantus .... ut =: «o little .... tJiat : tlie 
 authority of the decree of the senate has so 
 little force that, etc., auctorlliis[>enatiis- 
 consulli] t. vim habet ut, etc.) 6. 
 aeque (with atque, ac, et, ac si : v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. aeque): but 
 very rarely with quam or ut : e. g., 
 nothing frightened them so much as the 
 vigour and comjAexion of the general, 
 nihil a. eos terruit quam robur ac color 
 imperatoris, Liv. (v. as, I., 3) : in 
 pleading nothing pleases him so much 
 as brevity, ei nihil a. in causis agetidls 
 ut brevitas placet, Plin. (v. as, I., 7). 
 Phr. : / am not so strong as either of 
 you, minus habeo virium quam vestrum 
 uterque (Ainsw.): not so large as nas 
 looked for, exspectatione minor. Quint.: 
 non pro exspectatione magnus (Ainsw.) : 
 not so much booty as they had anticipated, 
 minus praedae quam exspectaverant, 
 Liv. : / am to fatigued that I must take 
 a bath, prae lassitudine opus est ut 
 lavem. PI. True. 2, j, 7 : since Ariovistus 
 repaid himself and the Ronmn people 
 so little thanks that, etc., quoniam A. 
 hanc sibi populoque gratiam referret 
 !((, etc., Caes. B. G. i, }5, 2 : that that 
 uas not so good a lime that, etc., non 
 id tempos esse ut, etc., Liv. 2, 29, post 
 med. : by this time the state of affairs 
 in iMtium was so sad that, etc , jam Latio 
 is status erat rerum ut, etc., id. 8, ij, 
 init. Special Phr.: be so good as, 
 etc. : expr. by amabo s. amabo te (par- 
 enUietically) : assist 7ne in this, be so 
 good (or be so good as to, etc.), id, amabo, 
 adJuUi me, Ter. Eun. I, 2, 70; hasten 
 hither, be so good (or pray), a. te, advola, 
 Cic. y. Fr. 2, 10, 4. Also with ut or ne : 
 be so good as to cross over to there, a. ut 
 illuc transeas, Ter. Eun. j, }, ji: be so 
 good as not to put it dotm to uant of 
 jarinciple on my part, a. te ne impro- 
 bitaii meae assignes, Cia Q. Fr. 1,4, 1. 
 Also less coUoq. by circuml. : be so go<xi 
 as to hear me (lit. by your good leave 
 you will hear me), bona venia me audies, 
 Cic. N. D. I, 21, 59. Also expr. by 
 sulij of volo (foil, by a verb in the 
 subj. with or without ut) .- be so good 
 as to ansirer me this, velim uti re- 
 sjxjndeas, Cic. B. So (absol., with- 
 out OS or that : =■ so very, so n^uch, 
 some clause being understood) : 1. 
 Ita (after non, baud ^admodum) : those 
 statues are very magnificent and ad- 
 mirable, but not so (very) old, sunt ea 
 (simulacra) perampla et praeclara sed 
 non i. antiqua, Cic. : not so much com, 
 baud i. nmltum frumenti, Liv. 2. 
 
 .sic (very rarely): they were unwUlinji 
 to throiv a liody to vUd Ijeatts, not 
 so (much to) U) fling naked perfont 
 into the river, noluerunt feris corpus 
 objicere, non s. nudos in flamen de- 
 jicere, Cic. Rose. Am. 26, 71. Cf. sic- 
 cln6 : vAll you go so untidy at you are T 
 8. immunda ibis ,♦ Plaut. : s. (or to such 
 an extent) do you allow your soldier 
 and chieftain to lie harassed by pertutial 
 foes f 8. vestrum militem ac praesldem 
 8lnitis vexari ab inimlcis ? Liv. 6, 16, ad 
 init. 3. adco (with the indie. .- the 
 ut being omitted, and the consequent 
 rliiuse being placed Jirst) : the state of 
 afTairs compell'-d him to delay, so head- 
 long had hit colleague gmte in the oppo- 
 site course, tergiversari res cogebat, a. in 
 alteram causam collega praeceps ierat, 
 Liv. 2, 27, post init. 4. tam (with 
 adjj., advv., and verbs) : see Smith's IjBX. 
 Diet. s. V. II. : cf. tantus, id. s. v. 5. 
 iant6p£re : CIc. : C'afs. 6. 'al's : so ex- 
 ce'lent a man, t. vir, Cic. poM. : to atro- 
 cious a crime, I. facinus, Caes. : at so cri- 
 tical a time, t. tempore, Liv. : Virg. 7. 
 ille : / once so free, so proud, teas silent, L 
 ego liber, i. ferox, tacul, Ov. g. expr. 
 freq. by superl. : the integrity of so high- 
 principled a man, gravlssimi homlnis 
 fides,Cic. Special Phr. : no« *o (ulth 
 ptisit. adj.) may be expr. by minus with 
 culj. : e. g. thus rule ever passes into the 
 hands of the best men in every case from 
 one not so good, ita imperlum semper ad 
 optimum quemque a minus bono trans- 
 fertur. Sail. C. 2, med. C. A'rr so: 
 expr. by quamvls, quantumvis, quam- 
 libet, etc. (v. however, II.). Also by 
 licet (with superl. adj. and subj. of sum) : 
 l)e men ever so rich, homines licet dlvl- 
 tissimi sint (Georg.). VII. Condi- 
 tional: 1, dum: let them hate, so 
 they fear, oderint d. metiiant, Cic. : cf. 
 dummodo, modo si, modo: v. Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. s. vv. dum (III.), modo (1., 
 2, iii.), and L. G. } 498 : v. also i-Bo- 
 vtDED (THAT). 2. SIC . . si (very 
 rarely): so you dine with me J 'U for- 
 give you, s. ignovisse potato me tibi, si 
 cenas mecum, Hor. Ep. i, 7, 69. VIII. 
 In Adjurations or Wishes: 1. 
 ita ( = so, so truly) : so may heaven love 
 me, he is a fine gent'eman, i. rae dil 
 ament, honestus est, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 21 : 
 (v. also Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. ita, 7). 2. 
 sic ( = oiJTiot : only poet.) : to nuiy thy 
 swarms flee yews of Cyrne, s. tua 
 Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos, Virg, 
 K. 9, }o: cf. s. te diva poteus Cypri, s. 
 fraires Helenae ventorumque regat 
 pater, Hor. Od. i, }, I. |X. As oo 
 Expletive. [.N'.B. — So, though re- 
 quired in English to complete the sense, 
 need not sometimes be expressed by * 
 Latin equivalent]: as true as I live I 
 thouglU so, ita vivam. putavi, CIc : old 
 age is naturally somewhat talkative, m 
 you will not charge me witli defending 
 it from every fault, senectus est natura 
 loquacior, ne ab omnibus earn vltlis 
 videar vindicare (where, after loquacior, 
 hoc dico or some such expression is 
 understood • / say this that I nuiy not 
 apfiear, etc.), Cic. Sen. 16, 55 nor thali 
 you say that no previous notice ivat 
 given you, to be on your guard, neque 
 tu hoc dices tIbi nun praedlctum, cave, 
 Ter. And. 1, 2, J4; he hud ploctd hit 
 catapults at different jKiints and so had 
 cleared the walls of their def aiders, cat»- 
 pultis dispositis muros defeiisoribus nn- 
 daverat, Liv. 
 
 80 (inteij.) : sic satis est, Ter. Heaut. 
 ?, 2, 12: cf. ohe, jam satis est, Hor. S. 
 I, 5. 12. 
 
 80-called, so to call it. so to 
 say: I. '" introducing a fieicr^rm: 
 qui (quae, quod) dtcilnr s. vocatur- or 
 quem (quam, quod) dicuut t. vocaot. 
 II. To soften an expression : qui- 
 dam, quiil quidam. quasi, etc. / Uamt 
 from your letters your ill-timed hc'^le — 
 so to ctill it, A tuis Uteris cognovi prae- 
 posteram quandam festiDationem tuam, 
 Cic. (L. G. ^\ j85): philosophy it. so to 
 say, the parent of aU approveil artt, 
 philosophia laudatarum artium omniiuo
 
 so FAR 
 
 SOAP 
 
 SOBERLY 
 
 quasi parens, Cic. de Or i, j, 9 cf. also, 
 ut ItA dicam, ut hoc- vorbo utar, etc. 
 SO far, SO far as i. To such an 
 
 extent : 1. in taiitum that his pros- 
 perity and worth had so far shone out, 
 in t. Euara frlicitatem virtuiemque eni- 
 tuisse, Liv 22, Z'l, post in it. : cf, Virg. 
 Aen. 6. 815 Also with correl., in quan- 
 tum, Sea. Ben. 2. 2?, ad init. 2. 
 tantnm . ut (so far . . that) v. 
 Smitli's Lat. Diet, s v tantum, 1 3. 
 eo, etc. (with gen. of subs.) • v. pitch 
 {subs. II.). Phr it is gone so far, in 
 eo est, Cic. Att. 12, 40, 4. ||. Oidy so 
 far : hactenus (foil, by correl. ut, 
 quoad, quod) eatenus (with quoad, 
 ut) for which, v far, so v also so 
 (VI., A., 1.^ a., 6). lij. To a certain 
 extent : quadanitSniis it is possible to 
 advance so far, if it is not aUou-fd to go 
 beyond, est quiidam prodire tenus, si non 
 datur ultra, Hor Ep. i, 1, j2. Phr.. 
 so far were thei/ admitted, that a senate 
 was not granted them, ita admissi sunt 
 ne tamen iis senatus daretur, Liv 22, 61, 
 ad med. | V. "^ofar as(=: as far as") : 
 t6nus, quatenus v fab as, as. Phr.; 
 so far as depends on me, quod ad me 
 attinet, Cic. (v. far as, as, Phr.) ; quod 
 ejus facere possum (lit. so much of it as 
 I can : the best MSS. have quod instead 
 of quoad), Cic. pass. Also tantum . . . 
 quantum to extend so far as, tantum 
 patere quantum, Caes. B. G. 2, 8, med. 
 A Iso quantum, absol. : so far as I under- 
 stand, q. intelligo, Cic. pass. : so far as 
 I hear, q. audio, 'I'er. V. ^'* *" /t"" 
 as (af t«r a negative). Phr.: I have 
 resolved not to touch upon foreign 
 affairs, except in so far as they might 
 be connected with those of Rome, statui 
 non ultra attlngere externa nisi qua 
 Romanis cohaererent rebus, Liv 59, 48, 
 extr 
 
 SO far from (foil- by that or that 
 not). Phr.. tantum abest ut. . . non: 
 adeo nihil... ut adeo non... ut (for 
 which, V. FAR, I., 2, Phr.). Also expr by 
 Inon modo (solum) non . . . sed or sed 
 etiam, sed ne . quidem (v Smith's 
 jLat. Diet. s. V. non, xi.) Also by ne 
 . . . quidem, nedum so far from any 
 violemx being offered, not even attended 
 with abuse, ne voce quidem incommoda, 
 nedum ut ilia vis fleret, Liv }, 14, extr 
 ' SO forth V so ON. 
 I so good as, be v. so (VI., A., extr 
 
 Special I'hr). 
 
 SO great; v great, so v also so 
 (VI., A., 5). 
 
 so little or small : best expr, by 
 tarn, adeo, paium, etc., with adj. (v 
 LITTLE, small), Also tantiUus Plant. 
 Ter See also so (VI., A., 1., b. : B., 5 ). 
 Phr. do you set so little bymef itane 
 abs te contemnorf (Ainsw), 
 
 so long, so long as: |. Lit. • 
 1. tamdia (v long, adv. 4, iii.). 
 Also with correl., quamdiu, quoad, dum 
 (v Smith's Lat Diet. s. v tamdiu). 
 2. tantisper (with dum, quoad, 
 absol. : V Smith's Lat. Diet,, s. v. 
 tantisppr), 3. dum so long as litera- 
 ture shall talk Latin this spot wdl not 
 be without Us oak, A. Latine loquentur 
 literae, quercuf. huic loco non deerit, 
 Cic. Leg. I, I. I so long as I shall live, 
 *dum anitiia spirabo mea (Ainsw.). Also 
 expr. by aid. absol. ■ Cato declares that 
 he will not triumph so long as he shall 
 live, Cato allirmat se vivo ilium non 
 triumphatiiruni, Cic. Att. 4, 16 (c), 12. | 
 4. dongc {only) so long as yon I 
 shall be prosperous wiU you count many 
 friends, d. erls felix multos numerabis 
 amicos, Ov I'r, 1,9,5, 5. usque (wiih 
 adeo, eo . dum or donee so long., 
 until) . y Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v 
 donee, II., 2 usque, II.. ii. ||. Fig. 
 so long as = provided that : v so (VII.) 
 
 so many ■ 1. tot : Cic. : Hor. : less 
 freq. by plur of fcintus . Cic. Plant. 
 Also tantum (with }ilur ocn.) : so many 
 of the enemy, t;intum b(Stiiim. Liv. j, 
 1*7, post init. : cf. tantum hommum, PI. 
 Poen. J, J, 5 2. multus (in pi. with 
 torn, itii, etc)- Clc 3i tiitldera {just 
 io man 1/ ) : Ci& 
 
 SO mucht tantus, tam mullus (v. 
 MUCH, so). Special Phr. (1.) Col- 
 loq ■. so much the better, tanto melior, 
 Ter Plaut. so much the u-orse, tanto 
 nequior, Ter.; so much and no more, 
 hactenus, absol. .- or with correl., qua- 
 tenus, quoad, quod (v. Smith's Lat. 
 Diet. s. V. hactenus. III.). Esp. in ter- 
 minating discourses hactenus (v. 
 ENOUGH, Phr.). (ii.) not so much as 
 ( = not even) : expr. by ne. . . quidem. 
 (iii.) not so much. . .as: (I.) perinde, 
 etc. (with negative : foil, by quam) : he 
 was not moved by anything so much as 
 by, etc., nulla tamen re p. motus est 
 quam, etc.. Suet. Dom. i;, post med. 
 (2.) non magis. . quam : and the great 
 mass of the men ivere not so much panic- 
 stricken as roused to fury at the accident 
 to their chief, nee ad duels casum per- 
 culsa magis quam irritata est niultitudo, 
 Liv. 9, 22, med. (3.) pro (prep, with 
 abl.) : these things are not so much to be 
 feared as the common people think, haec 
 nequaquam pro opinione vulgi extimis- 
 cenda sunt (Ainsw,). (iv ) so much so 
 that (,=rto such an extent that) . v. so 
 (VL, A.). 
 
 SO often . tStles (often with correl., 
 quoties) , Cic. Phr.: not so often, 
 minus saepe, Auct. Her j, 8, 15. 
 
 SO on or so forth: 1. et cetem 
 (neutr absol.) : seldom cetera, Cic. 
 2. deinceps : first, second, and so 
 on, primus, secundus, d.. Quint. 7, 10, 
 post init. 3. rgliqua (neutr absol.) 
 the door-keeper of the prison and the 
 praetor's executioner were in attend- 
 ance, and so on, aderat janitor carceris 
 et camifex praetoris, reliqua, Quint. 9, 
 4, 124 (p. 201). Also expressed by, et 
 id genus alia, et alia generis ejusdem, 
 et quae sunt generis ejusdem (Georg.). 
 
 SO soon ■ tam «. adeo cito, celeriter 
 (v soon). 
 
 so so ■ /. As interj. - bene, euge, 
 etc. (v good, interj. : well well). 
 
 II. Tolerably, moderately : sic (with 
 adv.): e.g. sic tenuiter, tcmere, niedi- 
 ocriter • O. — how's he doing ? D. — 
 so so, quid rei gerit? sic tenuiter, Ter. 
 Ph. I, 2, 95 cf. snb alta vel platano 
 vel hac pinu jacentes sic temere, Hor. 
 Od. 2, II, 14 cf sic, ut quimus, Ter 
 Andr 4, 5, 9 (R. and A.). 
 
 so soon as v soon as, as. 
 
 SO then v so dll), therefore, 
 
 WHEREFORE. 
 
 SO true : V TRUE. 
 
 so well : 'V well. 
 
 soak ("-)-• A. Trans.: |. 
 
 To soak in liquor, till the substance has 
 Imliibed what it can contain ; mac6ro, i 
 madglacio, feci, factum, j to s. bread, 
 m. panem, Plin. 18, 11, 2";, ^ 106. ||, 
 To soften by s.ing ■ miicero, r to s. 
 boughs of broom in sea-ivater, ni. ramos 
 genistae aqua marina, id. 24, 9, 40, $ 66 
 the dust of the herb is s.'d by acid, so 
 that all its hardness may be softened, 
 pulvis herbae maceratur ex ace to, ut 
 omnis duritia solvatur, id. jj, 5, 26, J 88 : 
 cf. madefacere caules, id. 25, 6, ji, ^ 68. 
 
 III, To n et thoroughly : mM&iacio 
 V. TO DRENCH. B. Intraus. . |. 
 To lie in soak : mac6resco, j (rare) 
 make a paste of oil-dregs, add a small 
 quantity of fdings, let them s. well, lu- 
 tuni de amurca facito, palearum paulum 
 addito, sinito macerescant bene, Cato, 
 R. R. 92. II, Of water, to s. into the 
 earth. Phr. sweet voter, when it s.s 
 repeatedly through, the earth, humor 
 dulcis, ubi per terras crebrius Idem per- 
 colatur, Lucr. 2, 47 J. |||. Fig. to 
 be drunk, drenched with ivine a s.ing 
 club, compolores, Cic. Ph. 2, 17, 42; 
 combibones, id. Fam. 9, 2;, 2. 
 
 soaking (subs.") .- mac6ratio (rare) 
 Vitruv 7, 2. 
 
 soaking (adj.) : a s. rain, largus 
 imber, Virg. Georg. i, 2i t effusi imbres, 
 ib. 2, J52. 
 
 soap (subs.) : sapo, onis, m. ; for 
 scrofulous hummirs even s. is a good 
 ininy. .,-trumis prodest et sapo, Plin. 28, 
 12, 51, $ 191. Phr.- caustic s. reddens 
 the hair of the Germans, caustica Teu- 
 
 tonicos accendit spuma caplUos, Mart 
 14, 26 (where a kind of s. or pomatum 
 is meant). 
 
 soap ("-) •• to "*&• deanse with s. : 
 * sapone linere, obllnere. 
 
 -ball : Phr. pilae Mattiacae 
 
 (made at Mattiacum) Mart. 14, 27. 
 
 boiler: *qui saponem coquit^ 
 
 *coctor saponis : saponarius (Forcell.). 
 
 -house ; *officina saponis. 
 
 -lie : *lixivia sapone mixta. 
 
 -suds : *aqua sapone infecta. 
 
 stone : steatltis, idis, /. .- Plin. 
 
 !7, II, 7'.$ '86. 
 
 soar : A. L i t. : 1. sursum, 
 sublime, in sublime feror, j (to rise 
 aloft): rarefied air s.s, extenuatus aer 
 sublime fertur, Cic. N. D. 2, J9, loi: 
 sound naturally s.s, sonus natura in 
 sublime fertur, ib. 2,56, 141. 2. snb- 
 limis abeo, 4 (to s. away) : Virg. Aen. i, 
 41 5 , Ov. Met. 5, 648. 3. subvOlo, i 
 (of birds : to mount upon the wing) .- 
 Ov.M. 11,790. B. Fig. , I. To s. (of 
 the mind) : se toUo, sustiili, sublatum, 
 i : geometry s.s even to the theory of the 
 universe, ad rationem usque mundi 
 geometria se toUit, Quint, i, 10, 46. 
 Phr.: to s. in thought, cogitationes ad 
 sublimia intendere. Sen. : let ws s. in 
 soul, exsurgamus animis, Val. Max. 4, 
 
 4, II ; of a s.ing nature that despises 
 mortal things, excelsus et altus et 
 humana despiciens, Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11. 
 
 ||. To s. (in ambition)- . to s. too 
 high, ad altiora tendere, Liv. 4, ij: v. 
 
 AMBITION, AMBITIOUS. |||, TO S, 
 
 above (in the sense of excelling, swr- 
 mounting) : sup6ro, i : in which, 
 though many ivill vie with me, I shall 
 easily s. above all, in quo, etiamsi 
 multl mecum contendent, omnes facile 
 superabo, Cic. Fam. 5, 8,4: cf. Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 24 : V TO SURPASS. 
 
 sob ("•) ■• 1. singulto, I : Quint. 
 10, 7, 10. 2. singultio, 4: Apul. Met. 
 J, P- US. 
 
 sob, sobbing (subs.): singultus, as: 
 weeping with s. you might have seen, 
 fletum cum singultu videre potuisti, 
 Cic. PI. 51, 76, Virg.: Ov.: Cat. 
 
 sobbingly : slngultim - Apul. Met, 
 2,fi7i. : hence, singultira loqui, to speak 
 with hesitation, in broken sentences, Hor. 
 
 5. I, 6, 56. 
 
 sober : I. ^ot addicted to drink- 
 ing : sobrius, siccus (opp. to vinolentus, 
 of drunken tendencies) : not even drunk- 
 ards act with the same heartiness as s. men, 
 ne vinolenti quidem quae faciunt, eadem 
 approbationefaciunt.qua sobrii, Cic. Ac. 
 2, 17, 52 so siccus, id. ibid. 2, 27, 88. 
 II. Kot drunk (at the time) : sobrius 
 (opp. to ebrius, in a state of intoxication): 
 you are drunk, for in s. mood you would 
 never do it, ebrius es, nee enim faceres 
 id sobrius unquam. Mart, i, 16. ||j. 
 In one's s. senses : sanus, mentis com- 
 pos (not mad, in sound mind, opp. to 
 insanus, aniens, furiosus) : Cic, Caes.: 
 Virg. Phr.: if he had been s. (i.e. in 
 his right senses), hie si mentis esset 
 suae, ausus esset educere exercitum? 
 Cic. Pis. 21, 50 a s. mind is the best 
 sauce for misfortune, animus aequus 
 optimum est aerumnae condimentum, 
 
 PI. Rud. 2, J, 71 V TRANQUIL. |V. 
 
 Having the passions duly under control : 
 1. moderatus, modicus (opp. to 
 elfrenatus). 2. modestus (opp. to 
 
 cupidus, petulans), 3. tempgrans, 
 tempgratus (opp. to libidinosus) : v. 
 
 MODERATE, TEMPERATE, VIRTUOUS. Vt 
 
 Plain, unadorned : simplex : v. plain, 
 SIMPLE. VI. Grave : v, GRAVE, 
 
 SERIOUS. Phr sleep yourself s., 
 edormi banc crapulam et exhala, Cic. 
 Ph. 2, 12, JO . to be o« s. as a judge, 
 *pulchre sobrius esse. Join: to be 
 s., frugi et probus esse, Plant. Most. 
 1,2. 5}- 
 
 soberly ; I. Temperately, moder- 
 ately : to live s., sobrie v ivere, Cic. Off. 
 1, 30, 106. II, Discreetly: to use 
 
 prosperity s., rebus secundls uti modeste 
 ac moderate, Liv. jo, 42, ad med. ■• also 
 temperanter, temperate, modlce. |||, 
 Gravely, serioutly : q. t.
 
 S O B E R M I N D E D 
 
 SOD 
 
 SOFT 
 
 oOberminded : v sober (III.. IV.). 
 sobermindedness . v sobrictv. 
 
 soberness • v souriktv. 
 
 sobriety : I Temperance m 
 
 dnn/.', sobriety sobrietii,s Sen. Tranq. 
 15<fi"- II. Freedom from inordinate 
 fMssions . continentia: compare the pas- 
 sions of the mie n-itli the s. of the other, 
 conlVrte hujus libidiiies cum illius con- 
 tinentia, Cic. Verr. 4, 52, 115. |||, 
 Babitiial s. : nirHlfrallo, mOdestia, fiu- 
 galitas, tempCrantia (all more gen. 
 tenns than contineniia) s. is that 
 virtve which whether in coveting or 
 shunning objects admonishes tis to fol- 
 low reason, temperantia est, quae in 
 rebus aut cxpetendis aut fugiendls 
 ratiiinem ut s^equaniur monet, Cic. Fin. 
 1.14,47. IV. Calmness, equability : 
 aequabilitas, constantia ; noUe indent is 
 s. in the whole of life, praeclara est 
 aequabilitas in onini vita, Cic. Off. i, 6, 
 90 ■ in everything to observe s., in omni 
 re servare constantiam, ib. i, 54, 12;. 
 V. Seriousntss, gravity : q.v. V|. 
 Freed/im from, intoxication .- .'iobiietas, 
 Val. Max. 6. 1.9. 
 
 sobriquet : v- kickname. 
 
 socage: •socagium: servitium 
 socae Du Gang. |. free socage (of 
 free tenants, a tenure of lands and 
 tenements by a certain or determinatt 
 service) t *socagium liberum : id. ||. 
 Villein socage (where the services 
 though certain are of a baser nature, 
 being held by fealty) : "socagium vil- 
 lanum : id. 
 
 socager (« tenant by socage, a soc- 
 man) : *soconiaiinus, socanianiius : soc- 
 mannus • Du Gang. 
 
 sociability: I. Dispnsitimi to 
 
 associate : socialTtas, Plin. Pan. 49, nied. 
 II, Of demeanour : Join- comit- 
 as et facilitas (opp. gravitas severitas- 
 que), Cic. Mur. ;i, 66- facilitas et 
 hunianitas, id. Fam. IJ, 24. |||. Of 
 conversation: facilitas sermonis, id. Att. 
 12, 40, 2: coniitas aflabilitasque ser- 
 monis, id. Off. 2, 14, 28: V. AFFABILITY. 
 
 sociable (culj): I.. Disposed to 
 associate • sSciabilis, sQciSlis: nature lias 
 mcuU us s., natura nos sociabiles fecit. 
 Sen. Ep. 95, m^d. Hence (of bees) con- 
 gregabllis, Cic. Off. i, 44. 157. ||. 
 Pleasant in society : comis , facilis, affii- 
 bilis, commiinis : most s. over supper 
 and dice, super coenam et super aleam 
 communissinius. Suet. Vesp. 22 : v. af- 
 fable, FAMILIAR ; not s., Itisociabilis. 
 
 sociable (subs.): (a kind of car- 
 riage) : carpentum . Liv. : Virg. 
 
 sociableness :_ v. sociabilitv. 
 
 sociably : sOcialiter Hor. A. P. 258. 
 
 social: 1. t^ocialis (cijmpanion- 
 
 ahle) : man is a s. being, (homo) sociale 
 animal. Sen. Ben. 1, l.fin. Phr. : man 
 has a s. cTaving, bomo est hominum 
 appetens, Cic. Fin. 2. 14. 4; : s. life, 
 .>;ocietas vitae, Cic. s. nual, conviviuni, 
 id. Sen. i j, 45 : s. pleasures, *ciicul(irum 
 jucunditates (Georg.) : s. affection, 
 caiitas, Cic. Am. 8, 27 : (cf socielas 
 caritatis, airitas atque societas humana, 
 Georg.) . s. manner of life, consu°(udo 
 Vivendi, Cic. . cf consuetudo victus, 
 Caes. B. G. i, Ji, fiii.: s. chat, *spnno 
 qui versatur in circulis (Georg.) : a city 
 destitute if any s. bond, urbs nuUius 
 rei inter se socia, Liv. v. sociable. 
 2. communis . ignm-ant of the cus- 
 toms of s. life, communis vitae ignarus, 
 Cic. I'hil. 2, 4, 7 Kxpr. too by com- 
 munitas with .tubs. : s. living, c. \iU\e 
 atque victus, Cic. Fam. 9, 24, j. 3. 
 Uvilis (m political sense): s. union, c. 
 conciliatio et eocletas, Cic. N. I). 2, !i, 
 •JS • cf communitas c, id. Fin. j, 20, 66: 
 (. habit and custom, mos consuetudo- 
 que c, id. Off. i, 41, 148 : s. institutions, 
 c. institutii, Cic. : often in Cic. expr. by 
 civitatis with a subs. : e. g. c. leges, jura. 
 etc . s. duties, civilia officia, Quint. : s. 
 tnrt«6s,c.virtutes, Quint. (Phr.- virtu- 
 tesquae in communitate cernuntur, Cic.) 
 
 socialism (a social state in which 
 there is a community of property among 
 all the citizens): perh. *rerun] publi- 
 carum partltlo inter omnes aequabilis. 
 
 socialist: *«l"' res pnblicas dis- 
 pcrticnda.s aequabiliter esse censet. 
 
 society : I. Ascodation (in the 
 
 widest sense) : s6ci6tJi.';. f. alone, freq. 
 in Cic. : J o i n • s. conjunctioque horai- 
 num, Cic. lyCg. I, 10, 23 : congregatio 
 hominum tt s. communita.sque generis 
 humani. Id. Fain. 4, 2. 4. Cf. conjunctio 
 congregatioque boniijium, id. Fin. }, 20, 
 6; • oninis humana consortio, id. Off. 5, 
 6, 26 : consiiciatio hominum atque com- 
 munitas id. Off. I, 44, 157. For s. (of 
 the inhabitants of a slate): v. COM- 
 MrNlTY. II, Association for a de- 
 finite purpose, such as tlie Royal Society, 
 .'society of Antiquaries, etc. : 1. s6- 
 cietas • also used in the sense of partntr- 
 ship: V. I'AHT.MCitSHiP. 2. collegium, 
 corpus (rare), univorsttas (of merchants, 
 tradesmen) ; Gai. : Plin. : Marc. ; v. 
 
 GUILD, COMPANY, CLUB. CORPORATION, 
 
 BOARD. Also s. (= college, an educa- 
 tional institutioti) : "collegium. Phr.: 
 fellmo of a s., •socius. 3. sodalitas, 
 originally = our club, q. v. : but after- 
 wards a secret illegal s., Cic. 4. s6- 
 diilicium (-lium) = sodalitas : in good 
 sense, Auct. Her. 4, 51, 64: in bad 
 sense, Cic. Plane. 15, j6 ■ Mariana s., 
 I'lin. j6, i;, 24, ij 116. 5. factio, 
 coitio (in bad sense), pars, sQdalitas, sO- 
 dalicium (see above), a political s. |||, 
 Temporary associati(m for a definite 
 purpose : e. g. meetings of all kinds : v. 
 MEETING. IV. Intimate association : 
 convictus, Cic. Off. ?, 5, 21 : congressio, 
 c. familiarium, Cic. : v. iNTERConRSE, in- 
 timacy. Phr.. to go into s., hominum 
 coetus et celebrationes obire, Cic. Off. i. 
 4, 12: to avoid one's s., aditum alicujus 
 sermonemque defugere, Caes. B. G. 6, 
 I J . to cultivate eagerly oiie's s., aliquem 
 assectari, Suet. Caes. 19 : to enjoy the 
 daily s. of leai^ved men as messmates, 
 uti familiaribus et quotidianis convict- 
 oribus hominibus doctis, Cic. Fam. 16, 
 21,5: id. Att. t, 7, ceJebritas and homines 
 are opp. to solitu^dc. (N.B. — Society [in 
 a gen. sense] may sometimes be ren- 
 dered by homines with an adj. or by 
 the adj. alone . e. g. bad s., mali homi- 
 nes: learned s., docti homines.) 
 
 sock : no ex»ct equivalent : 1, 
 
 iido, cinis, m. = ovSuiv (a s. of felt or 
 fur). Mart. 14. 140, in lemm. 2. 
 
 fasciae pfidiiles (bandages for the feet) : 
 stockings and s.s, fasciae crurales pedu- 
 lesque, Ulp. Dig. J4, 2, 26. 3. fasciae 
 with periphr. t fasciae qiiilius in calceatu 
 (shoes) utebatur, Plin. 8, 57, 82, $ 221. 
 ^N.B. — Not soccus. which = a low- 
 heeled shoe, esp. that um-n in comedy.) 
 
 socket : I. ^''" hollow of a candle- 
 stick : perh.myxa. Mart. 14, 41 : *cavum 
 caiidelabri. ||. In anatomy, any hol- 
 low place which receives or holds some- 
 thing else : the s. of the eye, *cavum 
 oculi : s.s of the teeth, dentium locula- 
 menta, Veg. Vet. 2, 12 : al.so d. cava- 
 turae. Marc. Emp. 12 ; s. of the hip-bone, 
 acetabulum, Plin. 28, 11, 49, J 179. 
 P li r. • he rolled the eyes out of their s.s, 
 cavis evolvit sedibus orbcs, Lucan 2, 
 184: cf Ov. JI. 14, 20or cf ossa suis 
 sedibus mota. Gels. 8, 10, I, init. : to 
 put out of s., luxare, Plin. extorquere, 
 Sen. Ep. ; cf cjicere armum. V'wg. Aen. 
 10, 89;. III. In architecture, a mor- 
 tise: cardo femina (opp. caido masculus, 
 the tenon) : Vitruv. 9, 6 (9), 11 
 
 SOCkless: "udis pedibus, Hor. S. i, 
 8, 24. 
 
 socle (in architecture, a plain block 
 or plinth forming a low pedestal to a 
 statue or column): biisis, /., quadra: 
 
 Vitr. V. PLINTH. 
 
 Socratic, Socratical : S&raticus . 
 
 Cic. Hor. 
 
 Socratically : Phr-'- Socratico 
 sinu, Pers. !, j6. 
 
 Socratism: •doctrina s. ratio So- 
 cratica. 
 
 Socratist: philosophus Socraticus, 
 Cic. Off. I. 29, 104 Socratica domus, 
 Hor. Od. I, 29, 14. lOr expr. by verb, 
 *qui Socratem sequuntur, etc.) 
 
 sod: 1 green turf: caespes (also 
 cespes), itis, ni. ; used for altars, mounds 
 
 (of tombs), for covering hovels, eic. 
 araque gramineo viridis de caespit* 
 fiat, Ov. Tr. 5, 5, 9 : Virg. Aen. j 
 504: to lay s., c. ponere, Tac to piU 
 vp s.s, congerere, aggerere, id. . cf. tu- 
 gurt congestum caespite culmen, Virg. 
 Aea I, 69. (N.B. — Not gleba, which is 
 a mass of earth without roots.) 
 
 soda: nilrum (s.in a natural state) : 
 no Lat. e^iuivalent for s. in a prepared 
 state: "soda,/. 
 
 -water : "aqua admtxtft sodi 
 
 effervesci-ns. 
 
 sodality (fellowship, fraUmity): 
 V. bCM'ii-rrv 
 
 soder (subs, and v.) .- v. soldeb, 
 
 CKMKNT, GLUE. 
 
 sodomite : 1. draucus Mart. 9, 
 27, 10. 2. cinaadus : Cat. Juv. 3. 
 sodoniilicus, a, um adv. sodomitice. 
 
 sodden : v. hoilkd. 
 
 soever : cunque (quomque and cum- 
 que) as a sufhx to a pronoun or adverb : 
 e. g. whos., quicunque. 
 
 sofa : 1. lectiilus ,a reading 
 
 couch): Plin. Ep. 5, ^, fin.: Ov. Tr. I. 
 I J, j8 : so, leclus, .Sen. Ep. 72, init,, 
 which in Hor. Ep. i, 5, i, also = o ». /or 
 reclining on at meals. 2. letticfila 
 lucubratoria (for night study): Suet. 
 Aug. 78. 3. grabatus (a toif i.) : Cic. 
 Div. 2, 6l, 129. 4. hemicyclium, 
 sigma, stibSdium (all of semicircular 
 form, for coni-ersation or ineals): Cic. 
 Am. I, 2; Mart. 10, 48: Plin. Ep. 5,6, 
 post med. : Mart. 14, 87, in lemm. 5. 
 hexaclinon, i, n. (a s. for six persons): 
 Mart. 60, 9, 9. 6. triclinium (a st 
 running round three sides of a table, 
 an eating-couch) : Varr. K. K. ;, i}, ad 
 med.: s.-cushion, torus lecti (Kr.). 
 
 soft i<"l^-) ■ I. To the touch . 1. 
 mollis (jojt, yielding : opp. to durus) : 
 quid magis est saxo durum .' quid mol- 
 lius unda? Ov. A. A. 1,476. H-.r. Virg.: 
 s. wax, m. cera, Cic. de Or. j, 45, 177 s. 
 egg, m. ovum, ovum m. vel surbile (that 
 may be sucked up). Gels. 2, l8,;>os^ med. : 
 the s. part of bread (i. c. crumb), molUa 
 panis, Plin.i ?, 12, 26. $ 82: someichat «, 
 niolliculus, Plaut.: mollicellus. Cat.: 
 very s., permoUis, Quint. : praenjollis, 
 Plin. 2. lenis, mollis, tSner Unuioth, 
 delicate) : lenis, opp. gen. to jumper, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 12, j6: s. Iiand, dieeks, hiir, 
 mollis manus, genae, capilli, Ov. «. 
 dmon, tenera lanugo, Virg. E 2. 51. 
 Fig.: tonerae virgines, Hor. Od. i, 21, 
 I: moUibus annis, Ov. H. i, in : v. 
 TENDER. 3. mitis (of fruit, mellow) : 
 v.MELLOTV. 4. mollis, lentns(si/p/>/<). • 
 m. juncus, acanthus, Virg. Hence of 
 the s. outline of statues ilyron made 
 statues of s.er (i.e. more gracfuf) out- 
 line, moiliora signa Myron ft cit. Quint. 
 12, 10, 7 : V. flexible. Phr.: s. water 
 ( — rain-water), aqua pluvialls. Gels. 2, 
 i»,adfin. II. To some I'ther sense: 
 1. mollis, delicatus (of ibe voice): 
 Join: m. et d. in caniu flexlones. Cit 
 de Or. J, 25, 98. 2. lenis. Of taste: 
 vlnum lenius, Per. Heaut. j, 1,50- Of 
 colour : o very pleasing and s. colour, 
 suavior et Icnior color, Plin 9, 41. 65, 
 A 140. Of sleep: I. somnus, Hur. Od. i, 
 I. 21. 3. mollis, lenis, temp^ratus, 
 niitls, Clemens, lepidus (s., mild, gentle) : 
 a s. toiwh, m. tactus, Ov. I'ont. 2. 7, U : 
 cf m. zephyri, m. hienis, m. aestas . Ov. : 
 Virg. : TibuU. : a s. climat'; m. ooelum, 
 Flor. I, 16, 17117.; cf loca lemperatiora, 
 (lies. B. G. 5, 12 : a s. air, tepidus aer, 
 Ov. F. I, 155. So lenis aur.i, ventus, 
 tpiritus, etc.: Virg. i Tibull.: Hor. v. 
 MILD, CENTLE (II.). Fig.: s. rrpose, nv. 
 quies, I.ucr. 4, 990 : cf lenis ^omnus, 
 Hor. Od. ?, I, 21. Of motion placidus, 
 tacltus. etc.: v. calm,. si lest, noiseless. 
 Ill, Fig.: s., yielding (of the mind 
 and character) : 1. fle.xlbilis. facilis. 
 mollis (in good or bad sense, ace. to l4ie 
 context): Join: lenis et facilis, Cic. 
 Fam. 5, 2, 9: V. PLIANT. 2. vftlup- 
 tarlus, effcininatus, delicatus. mollla 
 (.<!., effeminate). Join: voluptarla, 
 delicata, mollis disciplina. Cic. Fin. i, 11, 
 57: cf delicatior moUiorque ratio, .b. 
 «. I, 12. 'N-B.— For s. = weak in in- 
 •J67
 
 SOFT 
 
 SOIL 
 
 SOLAH 
 
 '.eUect : v. siixr.) 3. tgner, mollis 
 (of Jlmuing discourse) : lie gave elo- 
 quence a s. and tender air, orationtm 
 moUem teneramque reddidit, Cic. Brut. 
 9, j8: cf. oratio m. et t. et flexibilis, 
 id. Or. 16, 52. 4. tnitis, clenieiis, 
 mansuetus, lenis (gentle, forbearing, 
 not severe). Join: niitis et man- 
 suetus, opp. ferus et ininianis, Cic. 
 Inv. I, 2, 2 : mitis et misericors, Cic. : 
 mitissimus atque lenissimus, Cic. : v. 
 MILD, GENTLE, KIND. |y. Tender, 
 
 winning, penuasive: mollis, blandus: 
 a stubborn breast is overcome by s. 
 entreaty, vincuntur inolli pectora dura 
 prece, Tib j, 4, 76 : to soothe by s. words, 
 verbis moUibus lenire, Hor. Epod. 5, 8? : 
 cf. blanda prece, Tib. j, 6, 46 : b. verba, 
 Ov. M. 2, 575. V. I-ow, not loud (of 
 the voice, speech, etc.) : submissus, 
 placidus, lenis : vo.\ s. leniter, opp. vox 
 contenta atrociter, Cic. Or. 17, 56. 
 Join: oratio placida, submissa, lenis, 
 Cic de Or. 2, 4;, i8j. 
 
 soft (adv.) : v. SOFTLY. 
 
 soften: A. Trans. : |. T^it.: 
 to make soft: 1. mollio, 4: till Ji re 
 shall s. iron, dum ferrum mulliat ignis, 
 Hor. S. I, 4, 20 : Ov. : Cic. : s.'d (i. e. 
 loosened) lands, agii molliti, Cic. N. D. 
 2, 52, I JO: tlie heat of the sun s.s the 
 winds, ventos niollit solis vapor, Plin. 
 2, 47, 47, $ 124 s. wild fruits by culti- 
 vation (fig.), fructus feros mollite 
 colendo, Virg. G. 2, }6. Crnnp. emoUio, 
 4 (like mollio') Liv. Of colour: to s. 
 ( = 7neJiuw) colours, e. colores, Plin. J5, 
 17, 57. i 198: cf. temperare colores, id. 
 2, 18, 16, $ 79. 2. mitigo, I : to s. 
 food (by boiling or roasting), m. cibum, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151 : to s. ( = mitigate) 
 the bitterness of fruits, aniaritndinem 
 fruguni m., Plin. 18, 16, 40, $ 141 : cl. 
 tempero(in this sense) : t. acetum nielle, 
 Plin. 14, 17, 21, $ 114: t. vinum, id. 29, 
 }, II, $ 50: see also to mellow. 3. 
 levigo, I (to make s. and smooth, of the 
 skin) : for s.ing the skin, ad levigandam 
 cutem, Plin. 20, j, 10, $ 20: v. to 
 smooth. 4. mollio, rfmitto sonum 
 (of the voice) : Cic. In effeminate sense, 
 vocem m. : Quint.: v. to lowku (11.), 
 MODULATE. 5. expr. by circuml. ; 
 (aliquid) Igrius, mitius reddere, facere. 
 II. Kig. : to make less harsh, 
 violent : 1. lenio, 4 : Ifivo, i (of pain, 
 care, toil): v. to ease, alleviate, as- 
 SOAGE, MrTKiATE. Phr. : to s. the soil- 
 ness of the matter bt/ gentle telling, 
 lenitate verbi rei trislitiani mitigare, 
 Cic. Off. I, 12, J7: to .<;. someirhai the 
 roughness of the speech, ex aspeiitate 
 orationis aliquid lenire, Liv.: to s. the 
 condition of slaves, servitutem leneiii 
 reddere, PI. Capt. 2, i, 5 : to s. lai(s and 
 to increase their rigour, mitigare leges et 
 intendere, I'lin. Ep. 4, 9, post med. r cf. 
 legis acerbitatem in., Cic. : duritiam 
 legum moderari. Suet. Claud. 14. 2. 
 mollio, 4 : placo, i : mulceo, 2 (ot 
 anger) : v. to appease, mollify. 3. 
 emollio, 4 (to civilize): to s. manners, 
 mores e., Ov. Pont. 2, 9, 48: Tac. : v. 
 to CIVILIZE. 4. \emo, 4 (to palliate) : 
 to s. the heinousness of the deed, atroci- 
 tateni facti 1., Sail. Jug. 27. (Steph. 
 Thesaur. quotes in this sense, facinus 
 levare alicujus, Liv. 4) : v. to palliate. 
 
 III. j"' make less hardy, enervate, 
 emollio, 4: enervo, i : v. to enervate. 
 
 B. Intrans. : |. Lit: to be- 
 come less hard or harsh : 1, moUesco, 
 J : the steers' necks s. (from not 
 wearing the yoke), mollescunt coUa 
 juvencis. Cat. 62 (64), j8. So comp. re- 
 mollesco : ivax s.s in the sun, sole cera 
 remoUescit, Ov. Met. 10, 28;. 2. mi- 
 tesco, } (of fruits) : grapes s. by sun, 
 uvae a sole mitescunt, Col. j, i. ad init. : 
 Cic. Oecon. in Gell. 15, 5, extr.: v. to 
 MELLOW (IL), itiPEN. Also of wind, 
 weather, etc., mitesco : the spi-ing breeze 
 s.s not, non verni temporis aura m., 
 Petr. : the cold s.s, frigora m., Hor. Od. 
 4, '^, 9: the air s.'d, coelum m., Poet. 
 Cic. Tusc. I, ?8, 69. 3. tengrasco (to 
 gn.j tender veakly) : Lucr. j, 766. 
 
 4. t6n6re9(o. j: Plin.: Cels. |i 
 768 
 
 Fig.: to become less harsh or rude : 
 1. mansuesco, suevi, suetum, } 
 (to «. to entreaty) : hearts that know not 
 how to s. to prayer, corda iiescia raan- 
 suescere precibus, Virg. G. 4, 470: cf. 
 precibus remoUescere, Ov. Met. i, ;77. 
 2. moUesco, } (to become civilised) : 
 under the influence of noble arts souls s., 
 artibus ingenuis pectora mollescunt, Ov. 
 Pont. I, 6, 8: ct. Lucr. ;, 1012. 3. 
 mitesco, j : no one is such a savage as 
 not to admit of s.ing, nemo adeo ferus 
 est ut non mitescere possit, Hor. Ep. i, 
 1,39- 
 
 softly : I, Without hardness : 
 
 molliter : to lie s., m. ciibare, recubare, 
 Cic: Ov. II, With mildness: 1. 
 Lit.: leniter, clementer. 2. Fig.: 
 leniter, clementer, mansuele, nilte (e>p. 
 in conip. or sup.), molliter : v. gently. 
 Ill, Calmly: leniter, placate, pla- 
 cjde, sedate, tranquille : v. calmly. 
 Phr.: to speak s., submissa voce dicere, 
 Cic. : cf. tenere dicere, Tac. Or. 26. 
 IV. Soothingly, u-ith a ninning 
 air (esp. of music) : 1. blamle : Cic : 
 Hor. 2. leniter: s. smiling, 1. ar- 
 ridens.Cic. Rep. 6, 12, fin.: v. .sweetly. 
 V. Leisurely, carefully : Igni- 
 ter, clementer, blande : to walk s. 
 through the sentinels of tlte watch, 1. ire 
 per excubias custodum sequi, Ov. Am. 
 
 1, 6, 7: cf. clementer, PI. Merc. 5, 2. 
 Ill: to turn s. the creaking hinge, rlec- 
 tcre cardinem moventem blande. I's. 
 Quint. Decl. i, ij: v. cautiouslv, m>ise- 
 
 LE5^.SLY, silently. 
 
 softness : I. As physical quality : 
 
 1. moUitia or moUities, ei : Cic. 2. 
 
 moUitudo (more rare): «. resembling 
 
 sponges, ra. assirailis spongiis, Cic. N. I). 
 
 2, 55, ij6: .»:. (i. e. fiexibility) of the 
 voice, m. vocis, Auct. Her. j, 11, 20: 
 v. FLEXIBILITY. 3. tgngritas : s. of 
 grapes, t. uvarum, Plin. 15,24, 29, ^ too. 
 Join: t. et mollities (fig.), Cic Fin. ;, 
 21, 58. 4. tengritudo (of the earth), 
 Varr. R. R. i, ;6. 5. lenitas ; 1. 
 vini, opp. asperitas: Plin.: cf. 1. vocis, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 4?, 182 : <A« s. of the green 
 hue of Vie emerald, smaragdi viridis 
 lenitas, Plin. J7, 5, 16, }6j: cf. color 
 leniter blandus, id. 37, 9, 40, ^ 122. 
 
 II. Sensitiveness : J. moUitia: 
 
 Join: s. and gentleness of mind, mol- 
 litia ac lenitas, Cic. SuU. 6, 18. 2. "lol- 
 litudo : s. of refinement, m. huraanitatis, 
 Cic. de Or. j, 40, 161 : v. SENsmvF.- 
 NESS, SnSOEPTIBILITY. |||. MUdncss, 
 
 civHity : facilitas : lenitas : lenitas, opp. 
 severitas, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 6: v. good- 
 NATDRE, gentleness. |V. Weak- 
 
 ness, irresolution : mollities, nioUitia : 
 •Join: mollitia et inertia aninii. Sail. 
 C. 52: m. socordiaque, id. J. 70: v. 
 FICKLENESS. V. I'nmanly softniss, 
 effeminacy : mollitia, mollities : v. 
 
 EFKEMISACY'. 
 
 Soho (interj.) : \, heus, beus tu, 
 hens vos (in calling attention) : PI. 
 2. eho (expr. surprise, or to call 
 attention) : PI. : Ter. : v. halloo. 
 
 soil (subs.): I. Ground, in re- 
 
 spect of its quality : 1, sSlum, i 
 (gen. term) : a crumbling s., putre s., 
 Virg. G. 2. 204: a diys., siccum s.. Quint 
 2, 4 : a rich s., pingue s., Virg. G. i, 64 : 
 a fruitful s., fecundum s.. Quint. 2, 19, 
 2 : uber s., Tac. H. 5, 6 : a loose s., 
 solutum s., opp. spissum, Plin. 17, 22, j?, 
 5 170. Join: a thin s., s. exile et 
 macrum, Cic. Agr. 2, 25, fm. : gocKhuss 
 of s., bonitas soli, Quint. 2, 19, 2. 2. 
 terra : a fruitful s., fecuuda t. Cic. Sen. 
 15, 5j: o loose s., soluta t, Col. j. 14, 
 fin. : a clayey s., argillosa t., Varr. R. R. 
 I, 9, 2: argillacea t, Plin.: a gravelly 
 s., glareosa t, Varr. R. R. i, 9, j: iiii- 
 fruitfulness of s., terrae malitia. Pall. 
 I. 6. 3. humus, i, /. : which kinds 
 of trees are produced in a dry and 
 sandy s.. quae genera arboruni humi 
 arido atque arenoso gignuntnr, Sail. J. 
 48. II, iMnd, country, esp. one'snative 
 s. : sSlum (with patrium or some similar 
 adj.) : s. patrium, Liv. 21, $} ■ s. natale, 
 Ov. M. 7, 52 : s. patriae, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 
 fin. Phr.: native* of the s., terra ortl. 
 
 Quint ?, 7, 26: to change one's s. ' ='/> 
 emigrate, or go into exile), s. verier", 
 nuHare (rare): Cic. Join: soloin et 
 sedes, Liv. 22, J9, 11 : v.cotJNTBY(Hl.). 
 III. Dung: stercua, 6ris, n. . v. 
 DUNG. IV. Dirt, stain, pollution: 
 sordes, squalor, labes, miciila : v. dibt, 
 
 STAIN. 
 
 soil (v.) : \. To wM,ke dirty on tht 
 surface ; 1. inquino, l (to befoul) : 
 let rust s. arjus, inquinet anna situs, 
 Ov. F. 4, 928. Fig.: to s. another's 
 reputation, i. faniain alterius, Liv. 29, 
 ?7, med. : cf. flagitiis se dedecorare, SalL 
 J- 85. 2. coutamino, i (usu. in fig. 
 sense) : v. to pollute. 3. foedo, t 
 (to befoul, e. g. with blood, dust, etc.). 
 4. spurco, conspurco, i (rare): v. 
 BEFOUL, DEFILE, pollute. 5. maciilo, 
 commaculo, i : v. to spot, .sttain, poi/- 
 LUTE. II, To manure: stercoro, I; 
 laetif ico, i : v. to manure. 
 
 soiled (adj. or part.) : sordiduB: 
 spuicus, macQlosus, immundus, liita* 
 leiitus: V. DIBIT, FOCL. Expr. also by 
 verb to soil. 
 
 sojourn ("•)• 1- motor, com- 
 moror, i (to dwell for a time) : you still 
 s.'d at BruTuiisium, adhuc Brundisii 
 nioratus es, Cic. Fam. 15, 17, 4: cf. 
 Epiiesi commorari, ib. J, 5, 5 : v. to 
 
 STAY, LODGE (I. 3). 2. hospitor, I 
 
 (to stay as a guest : rare in lit. sense, 
 as in Cod. Theod. 7, 8, 4: more usu. 
 fig.) : nhat ehe would you call the soul 
 but a deity s.ing in the human bodyT 
 quid aliiid voces animum quam deum 
 in humano corpore hospitantem ? Sen. 
 Ep. JI, ad fin. 3. pgregrinor, 1 (to live 
 as a ftneigner) : philosiphy seemed 
 (merely) to be s.ing at Rome (i. e. as yet 
 unnaturalised), (philosophia) p. Romae 
 videbatur, Cic. Fin. }, 12, 40: v. to 
 
 DWELL. 
 
 sojourn, sojourning (.f«6«.): 1. 
 commoratio (a s., opp. deversorium, a 
 lodging), Cic. Fam. 6, 19, i. 2. 
 
 niansio (stay): s. in life, in vita m. 
 (opp excessus), Cic. Fin. j, 18, 60: cf. 
 id. Fam. 4, 4, where ni. is (ypp. decessio ; 
 V. STAY'. 3. pgregiinatio I /oefjn s.) : 
 Cic. 4. mora (very rare in this 
 
 sense): Liv. J4, 9, extr. Phr.: after 
 my s. of ten days at Athens, quum 
 Athenis decern dies fuissem, Cic. Fam. 
 
 2, 8, J : v. DWELLING, residence. 
 
 sojourner ; hospes, peregnnus, iii- 
 quilinus, advgna. Join: peregrinus 
 atque hospes, Cic. de Or. i, 50, 218: 
 peregriui atque advenae, id. Agr. 2, !4. 
 94: peregrinus et incola, id. Off. i, J4, 12;. 
 
 sojourning (subs.) : v. sojourn. 
 
 solace ("■) •• consolor : solor (rarely) : 
 
 allevo : V. TO CONSOLE, COMFORT. 
 
 solace (subs.) : solatium : solamen 
 (poet, for solatium): 16vamentum: con- 
 sCJlatio : mCdicina : v. consolation, 
 
 COMFORT. 
 
 SOlander (a disease in horses) : sca- 
 bies : Cels. : prurigo : Col. 
 
 soland-goose, or solan-goose : 
 
 *Pel6canus hassanus, Linn. 
 
 solar (a<lj.) : I. Belonging to the 
 sun: 1, Solaris, e: s. light, s. lumen. 
 Ov. Tr. 5, 9, J7 : «. arc, s. arcus. Sen. Q. N. 
 I, 2, init. : s. orbit, s. circulus, Plin. 2, 
 2j, 21, $86: s.plant (=sunJloii:er, helio- 
 tropiuni), s. herba, Cels. 5, 27. (J 5, med. 
 2. solis, gen. ot sol (with a subs.) : 
 s. eclipse, solis defectio, Cic. : Sen. : a. 
 defectus, Virg. : s. obscuratio, Cic : 
 Plin. : a total s. eclipse, perlecta s. de» 
 fectio. Sen. N. Q. i, 12, 2 (in this sense 
 also, sol deficicns, Cic. Tusc. i, jo, 7j): 
 v. ECLIPSE: s. spots, quasi maculae soils 
 (after Cic. Rep. 6, 19, 20). ||, Meor 
 sured by the progress of the sun : 
 Solaris, e : the s. circle, i. e. the Ecliptlj, 
 s. circulus, Plin. 2, 2J, 21, $ 86 : the i. 
 rao7!ift, mensis Solaris. 2. solstitialis: 
 tlie s. year, annus s., Serv. ad Virg. Aen. 
 4, 65 J. Phr.: the ancient Roman* 
 reckoned a lunar year, their sucressor* 
 a s., Romani veteres ad lunae ciirsum et 
 sequentes ad solis anni tempoia diges- 
 serunt (Georg.) : s. system, *ordo stel- 
 larum errantium fGeorg.) : *S7BteiBa 
 solare (Ut.).
 
 SOLD 
 
 SOLE 
 
 SOLEMN 
 
 gold". ^ TO StLL. 
 
 SOldanel (o plant): •convolvulus 
 BoldaiH-lla But. 
 
 solder (subs.^ -. perb. ferrumen, inis, 
 n., Plin. (wl'i'^U' however, more pre- 
 cisely = ceaieiU) : s. is usually expr. by 
 the name of the particular metal em- 
 ployed. 
 
 solder ("•) •■ 1. plumbo, I (to s. xvith 
 Ucui): Ciito K. R. II : I'lin. 54. '''• 48. 
 A 161. 2. iiiiplumbo, i (like plumtxi) : 
 Vitruv. 10, 6, ad luit. Cf. replumbo 
 (to uiisiiUir-r) : silver heonies uns.'d, 
 argentuni replumbaiur, Sen. y. N. 4, 2, 
 ad vud. 3. t'errumiiio, 1 : Babykni's 
 vnJXs being s'd (until mineral pikk), 
 ferraminatis (bitunune) Babylonis mu- 
 ris, Plin. ?5, i;, 51. i 182. 4. cun- 
 ferriiminu, 1 : Plin. 27, 8, 4;, } 69. 5, 
 afiUdo, I : with tin pipes are s.'d, stanno 
 fistulae solidanmr. Plin. {4, 17, 48, } 160. 
 6. deviiK-io, nxi, ncium, 4: the lids 
 being s.'d «•(//» k'ld, operculis plumbo 
 devlnctis. Liv. 40, 29, post init. Such 
 words as coagmento, conjungo, etc., 
 have a wider nipaning. See also to 
 CEMENT, gi.ck: and for fig. sign., to 
 
 CONFIRM, irrRENGTHKN. 
 
 soldering (subs.) .- perh. ferru- 
 minatio, Paul. Dig. 6, i, 2?: expr. also 
 by verb. 
 
 soldier: I. in a general seme: 
 1. mfles, itis, hi.: Cic. : Liv.: to 
 levjf s.s, milites legere, Cic. Att. 8, 12, 
 A, }: m. deligere, Liv. 29, i, ad nted. ; 
 m. scribere. Sail. J. 4}, ad meil. : m. con- 
 scribere, Liv. j, 4, ad Jin. (v. to enlist, 
 eskoll): to form s.s into companies, 
 m. ordinare, Liv. 29, i, init.: to take s.s 
 into one's pay, niercede m. conilucere, 
 id. ib. 5, ad fin.: Ut disband s.s, m. di- 
 snittere, Cic. iFani. j, j, 2: regular s.s, 
 (= s.s of the line), m. legioiiarii (opp. 
 auxiliarii): Caps.; Liv. hastily levied 
 S.S, in. subilarii, Liv. j, 4, rxtr. : ni. 
 tumultuarii, id. ?i, 2, post med. : gar- 
 rison s.s, m. praesldiarii, id. 29, 8. med. : 
 (v. FOBCiw, 11., 1) : Jiireign s.s, m. pere- 
 grin!, Inscr. : a young s., recruit, tiro 
 miles (opp. veteraiiUf.), Cic. Phil. 11, 15, 
 19: or absol. tiro; Cic: Caes. : Suet.: 
 3 veteran s., veteranus m., Cic. Phil. }, 
 2, J : also aiisol. veteranus : Cic. : Liv. : 
 a trained s., m. exercitatus, usu. foil, by 
 in with abl, or by abi simply : Cic. : 
 Caes. : a voluidefr s., voluutarius m., 
 Caes. B. C. ?, 91 : Cic. : a discharged s., 
 missicius m. (cf. niissicius praetorianus. 
 Suet, Ner. 48, ad med.) : cf. also eme- 
 ritus absol. : Tac. ; Lucan : and exauc- 
 torati m., Liv. jz, l. post init.: see also 
 UiLiTiA. (N. B.— Other general words 
 are : bellator . Cic. : Liv. : used as adj. 
 in Virg. : pugmitor: Liv.: Suet: Sil. : 
 proeliator : Tac. : Just.) 2. pedes, 
 Itis (tt foot-soldier) : Cic. : Caes. But 
 when foot-soUiiers are mentioned with 
 horse-soldiers, instead of pedites we 
 find, as substitutes), milites, homines, 
 viri : e. g. milites equitesque, Caes. B. O. 
 5, 10: homines equitesque, id. B.C. 2, 
 J9: equiies virique, Liv. 21, 27, init.: 
 SiL 9, 559 : V. INKANTKV. 3. Sques, 
 Itis (a horse-soldier) : Caes. : Liv. : v. 
 CAVALRY. 4. miles nauticus, m. class- 
 ictis : Tac: Liv.: v. marine. 5. 
 velites,pi. (light-armed soldiers), Liv. 26, 
 4, post med. : also levis armatura(sin3.), 
 as collrct. subs. : cf. levis miles, Liv. 8, 8, 
 
 post init.: but v. LIGHT-ARMED, HEAVY- 
 
 AEMED. II, A fellow-soldier : \. com- 
 mUlto, oins : Cic. . Caes. : Suet. : also 
 commiles (for coinmilito) : Inscr. 2. 
 belli sficius. Join- belli particeps et 
 socius et adiutor, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 5. 3. 
 coiitiiberiialis (a leut-cimipanion) : Cic. : 
 Tac. III. A common soldier, private : 
 1. gregarius miles, eques.Cic. PI. inc. 
 50, ^^■. Tac. H. 5, I, med. : Sail. Plir. ; 
 holding the rank of a private .<., grega- 
 riam mililiam sortitus. Just. 22, i, med. 
 
 2. manipCilaris : Caes. ■ Cic : I'ac. 
 
 3. ciligalus: Suet. Aus;. 25, pout 
 med. 4. miles, opp. imperatur: Sail. C. 
 60, med. : Caes. B. G. 5, jj, m>d. : m. 
 ■»pp. dux, Plin. Kp. 8, 14, post init. 5. 
 valgus (common soldiers), in sing, as 
 Cvikcf. subs., I'ac. A. I, 28, med. P'b r. : 
 
 (1.) to endure a yoatfi of poverty as a 
 private t., juvenlam Inupem In culiga 
 militari lolerare, Plin. 7, 4J, 44, <} Ii5 : 
 promoted from a private a. to tlie ron- 
 sulship, perductus a caliga ad cuiisu- 
 latum. Sen. Ben. 5. 16, u/i init. : dress 
 of a private s., gregalis habitus, Tac. A. 
 I, 69, ad fin. : cf. gregali sagulo amictus, 
 \av. 7. J4, fin., and maiiipularlo habitu, 
 Suet. Cal. 9, init. (il.) a distinguished, 
 experienced s., vir roilltaris, Tac. H. 2, 
 75. init.: rei roilllarls peritus: Caes.: 
 Liv.: virmanu fortis et bello otrenuus. 
 Nep. Datam. i • vir egregius in laude 
 bellica, Cic. Brut. 21, 84; ThemistocUs 
 uas as good a s. in this war as a states- 
 man, niagnus hoc bello Themislocles 
 fuit, iiec minor in pace, Nep. TheuL 6, 
 init. ; to be an experiemed t. and states- 
 man, multiis in imperils magistrati- 
 bus<iue versari (Geurg.). (iii.) to be, 
 serve as a s., milito, i, Cic. : stipendia 
 faciei. Sail. J. 6 j, med. : stipendia merere, 
 mereri, Cic. : stipendia emereri (to com- 
 plete the time of service), id. . b) become 
 a «., expr. by nomen (with do, edo, pro- 
 fiteor) : v. TO ENLi.sT (B., 1,2); miles fio. 
 Cic. Phil. 7, 8, 24 : militiam capessere, 
 Plin. 6, 19, 22, } 66: to he ununlling to 
 serve as a s., militiam detrectare, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 14 : Liv. 2, 41, post init. ■ to go 
 to be a s., profici.sci in militiae disci- 
 plinam, Cic Manil. 10, 28. (iv.) «.s' 
 children, pueri militares, PI. True. 5, 16; 
 a ciiild brought up among s.s, legionum 
 alumnus, Tac A. i, 44, init. (cf. ca.s- 
 trorum filius, a title of Caligula, from 
 his having been b> ought up in the camp. 
 Suet. Cal. 22, init.): s's bread, panis 
 niilitaris, Plin 18, 7, 12 $67: s.'scloak, 
 sagimi, Caes. : Liv.: s.'s dress, omatus 
 militans.Cic.Off. I, 18,61 : s.'sfurUmgh, 
 commeatus, Liv.. Sviet. (v. furlough) : 
 i.'spay. stipendium.Cic. • Caes.: alsoaes 
 or aera (= stipendium) ; e. g. o s. who 
 has forfeited his pay. aere dirutus 
 miles, etc. Verr. 5, U, i): s.'s savings, 
 l>eculium castrense. I lig. 49. 17, 11: 
 s.'s oat>i on enlisting, sacramentum, 
 Caes. : Liv. ; v. oath (2, 3) : s.'s phrase, 
 verbum castrense, Plin. H. X. praef. $ I, 
 extr. : s.'s sports, ludi castrenses, .Suet. 
 Tib. 72, med. : s.'s tent, U\bemaculum, 
 Cic: or t. militare, id. Brut. 9, 57- also 
 tentorium, Hirt. ; Suet. • also pellis, 
 absol. in pi., Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 4: Caes.: s.'s 
 servant, calo, Caes. ; Liv. See also mili- 
 tary {adj.). 
 soldierlike, soldierly {adj.) .• |. 
 
 Having the qualities of a good soldia- : 
 
 1. militaris: Hor. Od. I, 8, 5; v. 
 SOLDIER (Phr. : ii.). 2. e.xpr. by 
 circuml. : e. g. militiae cognitus (lit., 
 known, approved in actual service, 
 where militiae is the gen. of place like 
 domi). Sail. : cf. prudens rei militaris, 
 Nep. Con. i,adfin.: praecipuus scientia 
 rei militaris, Tac A. 12, 40. ad med. : 
 
 V. BRAVE, MARTIAL, WARLIKE, MILITARY. 
 
 II. After tlie manner of a soldier : 
 militariter : to talk in a s. manner, 
 m. liiqui, Tac. H. 2, 80. Also expr. 
 by militari more, exemplo; militum 
 more, niodo. 
 
 soldiership : I. Profession of a 
 soldier, militia, Cic: Caes. : v. military 
 (2). II. (^Uiil if I cations of a soldier: 
 scientia rei militaris, Caes. : s. militiae. 
 Sail. : s. belli. Just. 
 
 soldiery ; 1. miles {collect, subs.) : 
 they Jill the places with s., loca milite 
 complent, Virg. Aen. 2, 49? . cf. hie 
 miles magis placuit. Liv. 22, 57, ./in. : 
 Tac. A. 1, 2. ad itied. : more fre<i. in pi. 
 
 2, militia (like miles). Just. J2, 2, 
 init.: Plin. 3. armatura; e.g. levis 
 a., Suet. : Cic: Liv, 4. anna, orum, 
 n.pl.: Liv. 41, 11, Jin. : Tac. H. 2, il, 
 post init. 
 
 sole : I, Tl"^ bottom of the foot ; 
 1. planta: Virg.: Plin. 2. vesti- 
 gium : such as ftand with the s.s of 
 their feet directly oppifed to ours, whom 
 you call tlie Antipodes, qui adversis ves- 
 tigiis slant conira nn.stra vesiigia, quos 
 avTinoSa<; vocatis, Cic. .\c. 2, J9, 12 J; 
 cf. Candida pemiulcens liqiiidis v. lyni- 
 pbis. Cat 62 (64), 162: and Virg. Aeo. 
 i t» 
 
 5, 560, V. prlmi alba pedis ((/a Acfr$<> 
 3. solum the t. <j/' hi in is the desCruo 
 tion of grass, s. homlniiie.Miium berbae^ 
 Varr. K U. I, 47, ./i". ; the hard sl.-in of 
 my s.s sei ves as a shoe, mihi calceameo- 
 tum sulorum callum, Cic Tusc. 5, il, 90 : 
 spots nev^r yet trodden by s. of man, 
 loca nullius ante trita solo. Lucr. 1, 927. 
 Phr.: to b^ unable to Jind a pla/x Jor 
 the s. of one's J'oot, locum, ubi tonsistat, 
 reperire non posse, Cic. Ijuint l, 5 ; y rum 
 tlie crown of the head to tlie s. of the foot. 
 ab imis uuguibus usque ad verticem 
 suramum. id. Kusc. C. 7, 20. ||. The 
 bottom of a shoe : 1. solum : a s. 
 fastened to the shoes with gold (i. e. with 
 golden nails), auro soccis suppactum s.. 
 Hart. 9, 74. 2. 2. solea (= a sandal). 
 Plant; Marl.: Hor. |||. Afsh: 
 
 .sOlea, Ov. Hal. 12} : Plin. 9, 15, 20,"} 51. 
 •Pleuronectes solea, Linn. 
 
 sole ("■)•■ *calceis soleas suSigere 
 (Georg.). Phr.: my shoe has tteen three 
 and four times s.'d and liteled. calceui 
 est sarta terque quaterque cut*-, Mart 
 I, lOJ (104), 6: to near rather high s.'d 
 boots, alliusculis calceamentis uli. Suet 
 Aug. 7}. 
 
 sole {adj.): 1. sOlus, a, um; nwr« 
 expedient to be s. monarch than to reign 
 with another, utilius solum quaiu cum 
 altero regnare, Cic. Off. {, 10,41. Also 
 strengthened by unus; Oiis t. defect old 
 age attaches to men, solum unum hoc 
 vltium affert senectus, Ter. Ad. ;. j, 47; 
 so unus solus, Cic. Pis. 40, 96: you have 
 s. possession of that villa, ilia (villa) 
 solius tua, Varr. R. K. i, 2, post I'ntt 
 2. unicus (one only of a kind : v. 
 ALONE, only): strengthened by soliw, 
 Lucr. 3. unus (= unicus): una nata 
 Cat 66 (68), 119. 4. siiigularis . s. 
 command, singulare imperium, Cic Rep. 
 I, }J. 50: cf ib. 2, 9, i;. 5. expr. also 
 by suus, pn.prius. Phr.: to be s. sur- 
 tiu'or,sU(ierstes omnium suorum exstare. 
 Suet. Tib. 62, extr. : ct Plin. 7, 48, 49. 
 $ I ?6 : for the s. reason that it ispresetd, 
 hoc ipso quod adest, Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 50; 
 
 v. BARE (111.); MERE ('2,3): SINGLE. 
 
 solecism : I, impropriety in lan- 
 guage : 1. sSloecismus (a grammatical 
 Jdult in the construction of a sentence, 
 opp. barbarismus, an impropriety of 
 speech, whether of grammar or pronun- 
 ciation : a barbarism may be of one 
 word, but a solecism must be of more) ; 
 cf. Auct. Her. 4, 12, 17 (s. est quum in 
 verbis pluribus consequens verbum su- 
 perior! nun accommodatur. Barbari»- 
 mus est quum verbum aliquod vitiose 
 effertur): cf. Quint, i, 5. 5 = '<!• "h- i4- 
 2. soloecum (for soloecismus), 
 Gell. 17, 2, ad med. Such words aa 
 vitium, error, are of wider signification. 
 II. Fig.' Imprtpriety in conduct : 
 1, soloecismus, Al art. II, 19. 2. 
 erratum: vitium: ineptiae : v im)-bo- 
 
 I'RIETY. 
 
 SOlecist (»"« "''' " commits solecisnu) ; 
 soloecista. Hier. in Ruf. f. J, d. i 22. 
 
 solely : solum : tantum : solummo- 
 do : tantiimmOdo ; v. only, MKRjar, 
 
 EXCLl SIVELY. 
 
 solemn: I. of stated reUg.ous 
 festivids : soUennis (sollemms, soleiinis. 
 solemnis): festus : status. Join: die.- 
 festus atqiie sollennis, Cic. sollenne et 
 statum Siicrificiimi, Id. : v. annivehsary 
 (adj. and S"6s.) : kistival (subs.) ; 
 i'EKioDiCAL(2). II. Keliyious, sacred! 
 1 saiKtus, Cic: Hor. Virg. 2. 
 sollennis. Join: as. duty, ..fflciuni 
 sanctum atque solUnne, Cic. guint 6. 
 26. 3. augustus. cf. sanita vocair 
 augusta patres augusta vocantur teni- 
 pla. sacerdotuni rile ilicati nianu, Ov. F. 
 1,609. 4. leligiosus: Join: templum 
 sane sanctum et r., dc : v. sacukd. 
 III. Aive- inspiring : 1, sacer 
 (chiefly poet.): .«. silence, 8. silentlum, 
 Hor. Od. 2. IJ. 29: a kind of s. remem- 
 brance of a fattier, s. quaedam patris 
 menioria. Quint. 11, i, 59 2. reve- 
 rendus: s. night, nox reverenda, Ov. lb. 
 75; fades r.. Juv. 6, >IJ. 3. hor- 
 rendus ; cf horrendae s^-reta Sibyllai-. 
 Virg Aen. 6 10. v. MiliEBABLK, AWrui, 
 169
 
 SOLEMNITY 
 
 SOLID 
 
 SOLITA RY 
 
 (II.). IV. ^'''ive, serious, sober : 1. 
 Rgverus V. GRAVK. 2. tristis ■ v. 
 
 GEAVK, GLOOM V, SAD. 3. auStgrUS. 
 
 4. serins : V. SERIOUS. Phr. : a s. 
 funeral, celf-britas supiemi diei, Cic. 
 Mil. ?2, 86 : as. procession, pompa 
 Cic. : Virg. : a s. ceremony, caerimonia, 
 Liv. : Tac. 
 
 solemnity : I. -^ religious, solemn 
 rite : solemn games : 1. soUenne, n., 
 lAv. : funeral s., funeris s., Tac. A. 12, 
 69, ad fin. : also in pi : maiiiage s., 
 sollennia nupliarum, Suet. Ner. 28, ad 
 med.: s. (l^idis), Prop. 2, J J, I ( J, Ji. O' 
 8. Quinquatruuni, Suet. Ner. J4, ad med. 
 Phr.: to celebrate a birth-day with great 
 and unprecedented s.. natalem diem in- 
 genti paratu et ante ilium diem insolito, 
 Tac H. 2, 95. 2. sollennita.* (late, 
 like soUenne) : s. pristina (ludorum 
 Isthmiorum), Sol. 1, 14 . also in pi., 
 dierum variae sollennitates, Grll. 2, 24, 
 fin. : see also festivitv, okrfmony, 
 CELEBEATION. ||, f^ocredness (of a 
 
 deity, temple, eic): 1. religio : propter 
 singularem ejus fani r., Cic. Verr. 4, 
 44, 96 : r. templorum, Pac. H. i, ^o.fm. 
 
 2. sanctitas : s. templi, Liv. 44, 29. 
 
 III. Avjfalness ; expr. by adj. : v. 
 SOLEMN (III.). IV. O'ramty, serious- 
 ness, q. V. 
 solemnization: 1. celebratio; 
 
 c. sacri, Hin. jo, i, J, 5 12 : c. ludorum, 
 Cic. Att. 1 5, 29, I. 2. expr. by verb: 
 
 V. TO SOLEMMIZE : See alSO CELEBRATION 
 
 ("•)■ , . 
 
 solemnize : \. To perform tn a 
 lolemn mctrtner (e. g. a marriage, fu- 
 neral, featiral, dicine service): celebro, 
 I : concelfibro, i (rare, but with stronger 
 sign.) frfiquento, i : v. to celebrate 
 (II.): TO PERFORM (I., 5). ||. To keep 
 as a festival : festum diem agere, agi- 
 tare, Cic. Phr.: to s. a day (= to keep 
 it in sad remembrance, prosequi being 
 used by Ov. : Sen., of attending a fu- 
 neral), prosequi diem, Nep. Att. 4 extr. : 
 to decree that the day on nhich the vic- 
 tory was gained siioiild be s.d as a 
 festival, decernere ut inter festos refer- 
 retur dies quo patrata victoria esset, 
 Tac. A. I J, 41, adfn. |||. To make 
 solemn • may be expr. by reddo, efficio, 
 with adj.: V. SOLEMN (IV.), grave. 
 
 solemnly: \. Inareligious, solemn 
 manner: 1. solenmter {trith outuard 
 formality) : all the rites having been s. 
 performed, omnibus (sacris) s. peractis, 
 Liv. 5, 46 : to swear s. (i. e. fm-mally\ 
 s. jiirare, Ulp. Dig. 1 2, 2, } ;. 2. sancte 
 (icuVi religious sirwenty) : to sitear s., 
 8. juiarc, PI. Capt. 4, 2, 112. Join : pie 
 sancteque colere, Cic. N. D. i, 20. 56 ; 
 auguste sancteque venerari deos, iil ib. 
 J. 21, ;?. 3. rite (like soUenniter, 
 with due religious obsermnces) : Oic. : 
 Hor. : Liv.: V. duly. ||. Gravely, 
 seriously, q. v. |||. Impressicely : 
 
 grilviter (jvith tveiyht and dignity), 
 Cic. Sen. 6, 16. 
 
 solicit: I. To ask: 1. ambio, 
 ivi and ii, itum, 4 (with ace. of the person 
 only, in the best writers : rarely with 
 ace. of the thing, which is gen. expr. by 
 a clause with tit or ne, very rarely by 
 inf.) : thee. Fortune, the poor husband- 
 man S.S with anxious piayer, te (For- 
 tunam) pauper ambit sollicita prece 
 ruris colonus (where Fortuna is per- 
 sonified), Hor. Od. I, J5, 5 : cf. reginam 
 ambire affatu, Virg. Aen. 4, 284 : to s. a 
 prize for the actors, palmam histrionibus 
 ambire. Plant. Amph. prol. 69: s.ing 
 exemption- from the lairs, ambiens ut 
 legibus solveretur, Suet.Caes. i3: cf. am- 
 birent multi ne filias in sortem darent, 
 id. Aug. }i, med. Hence techn. used of 
 s.ing votes (v. to canvass). Phr.: to 
 S. an office, petition! se dare, Cic. Fam. 
 IJ, 10, 2 : a s.ing the consulship, petitio 
 consulatus, Caes. B. C. i , 22 : so, ambitio, 
 prensatio (but v. canvass). 2. peto. 
 }: r6go, I (less precisely): v. to beg, 
 ASK. 3. mendico (to solicit alms) : 
 v.TOBEG(ll.). II. To request strongly, 
 entreat : contendo (often joined with 
 peto), insto, deprecor (v. to beg) : oro, 
 obsecro, flaglto (v. to implore, impor- 
 110 
 
 tune, entreat, urge). Ill, To court, 
 try to obtain : 1. peto, ivi and ii, 
 itum, J : Semxjrnnia nas so inflamed 
 by lust that she of tuner s.'d men Uian 
 v:as s.'d, libidine sic accensa Sempronia 
 ut virus saepins peteret quam peteretur. 
 Sail. C. 2?: cf. Cat. 59 (61), 145. 2. 
 capto, I (to court applause, popularity) : 
 to s. applause, c. plausus, Cic. ; so, aucu- 
 por, affecto: v. to court (5. Phr.), 
 covet. IV. yo invite : sollicito, i : 
 usu. of urging to crime : to s. to admi- 
 nister poison, ad venenum dandum s., 
 Cic Clu. 16. med.: see also to invite 
 (II.). TEMPT, allure; and for bad sense, 
 v. TO SEDUCE, TEMPT. V. ^'^ disquiet 
 (a sense now obsol, used by Dryden, 
 Milton) : sollicito, vexo : v. to harass. 
 
 solicitation: I. Earnest reqmst, 
 importunity : flagitatio, efBagitatio, 
 efRagitatus: Cic: v. entreaty. ||. 
 Instigation: stimiilus, impulsus (best 
 only in a.bl): also expr. by verb: at 
 i/our s., te instante, Cic. Att. }, 15, j : 
 cf impulsu suo, vestro, Cic. : Ter. : me 
 auctore, etc.. Cic. : me impulsore, Ter. 
 
 Ad. 4, 2, 21 : see also INSTIGATION, IN- 
 CENTIVE, temptation. 
 
 solicitor : I. ^^* '"'"' solicits, 
 
 entreats : 1. petitor (^for an office) : 
 Hor. Od. J, I. 10: rare in this sense : in 
 Cic. always = plaintiff. 2. depre- 
 cator. Cic. : v. interceder. 3. Aag'- 
 tator (an importunate asker) : v. impor- 
 tunate. 4. sollicitator (a tempter, 
 seducer): Paul. Dig. 47. I'. I : Sen. 
 5. expr. by verb, to solicit. ||, 
 One who practises in the Court of Chan- 
 ce)-y : cogiiitor, prociirator, advocatus : 
 
 V. ATTORNEY. 
 
 solicitor -general: v. attorset- 
 gknekal. 
 
 solicitous : anxius, sollicitus, trg- 
 pidus: v. ANXIOUS. 
 
 solicitously: anxie, soUicite, tre- 
 
 pide : v. ANXIOUSLY. 
 
 solicitude : anxietas, soUicitudo ; 
 
 V. ANXIETY. 
 
 solid (c4j-) •■ I. •'Vo* fluid or void : 
 solidus (contr. soldus, Hor. S. i, 2, iij): 
 opp. liquidus, Lucr. i, ^49 (!45): OPP- 
 rarus, id. 546 (J40): opp. moUis (e. g. 
 aer, aqua, etc.), id. I, 565 (560), seqq. : 
 esp. opp. inanis, Lucr. Join: terra s. 
 atque conferta, Plin. 2, 64, 64, $ 160 : 
 now there is s. land vhere there was 
 formerly a lake, nunc solida est tellus 
 quae lacus ante fuit, Ov. F. 6, 404 : cf . 
 confertus, spissus, densus (v. close, 
 COMPACT, DENSE): firmus, stabilis (v. 
 firm). Phr.: (I cheese made s., caseus 
 glaciatus, Col. 7, 8, 2. ||. Suhstaidial, 
 not hollow : solidus : s. lapides, opp. 
 pumicosi. Sen. Q. N. j, 25, circa med. : 
 s. cornua, opp. cava, Plin. 11, 37. 45. 
 5 127. J o\n: the s. spherical earth, 
 terra s. et globosa, Cic. N. D. 2, 39. 98 : 
 cf. sphaera s. atque plena, id. Rep. i, 14, 
 22 : the elephant advanced on s. ground, 
 solido (neut. absol.) procedebat elephas, 
 Liv. 44, ?, med .- cf Ov. F. 4, 821. _ |||. 
 Of metals, without dross : 1. purus : 
 s. gold, aurum p., Pltn. JJ, 4, 25, $ 84. 
 
 2. piisiilatus (and pustulatus, lit. 
 blistered, i. e. refined): s. silver, ar- 
 gentum p.. Suet. Ner, 44 : Mart. 7, 66, 7. 
 
 3, aurum ad obrussam, Suet. 1. c. 
 Phr.:' bowls of s. gold, crateres auro soli- 
 di, Virg. Aen. 2, 765 : so, totus aureus 
 (annulus) opp. subanratus, Petr. }2. 
 Join: aurea statua et solida, Plin. j j, 4, 
 24, 5 8 ?. Fig.: to distinguish the use- 
 less from the s., inane abscindere soldo, 
 Hor. .S. I, 2, II t. IV. Of food : flourish- 
 ing, strengthening : 1. firmus : feeding 
 the cattle on s. food, firmo cibo pasta 
 pecus, Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 2: Cels. 2, 18, 
 post init. 2. plcnus : more s. kinds 
 of food, pleniores cibi, id. j, 20. extr. 
 
 3, robustus : r. cibus, id. 2, 18, ad 
 med. 4. validus : the most s. food is 
 suitable for those of strong health, ro- 
 
 stabilis: v. firm. Vhr.. flint is hardly 
 s. enough for building, si lex ad struc- 
 turani infidelis, Plin. 36, 22, 49, ^ 169 : 
 a s. ( — tound) wall, idoueus paries, 
 Paul. Dig. 39, 2, 36. VI- Solid, hav- 
 ing all llie geometrical dimensions: v. 
 
 CUBIC, CUBICAL. VII. ^«"^. *' "«• "<*' 
 
 fallacious : firmus, stabilis, verus, solid- 
 us: v. GENUINE, real. Phr.: s. argu^ 
 ments. argumenta firma ad probandum, 
 Cic. Brut. 78, 272 : cf. argumentum 
 grave, id. (v. weighty: argument, rea- 
 son) : men of s. character, homines 
 spectati et probati.Cic. (see also honest, 
 SINCERE) : s. peace, pax explorata (esto- 
 blUhed), Cic, Phil. 7, 6, 16 (perpetuus, 
 certus, firmus, stabilis, verus, sempi- 
 ternus, may aJso be used with pax in 
 this sense). VIII. frofound (opp. 
 superficial): Phr.: very s. learning, 
 altissima eruditio, Plin.: cf llterae in- 
 teriores et reconditae, Cic. N. D. i, 16, 
 
 42 : v. DEEP, PROFOUND, SOUND. 
 
 solid (subs.) : 1. solidum corpus 
 (strictly, a body of three dimensions, 
 length, breadth, and thickness) : a s. is 
 produced by the filling up of three di- 
 mensions, fit tribus dimensionil)us im- 
 pletis corpus s., Macr. Somn. Scip. i, 5, 
 ad med. 2. solidum (iteut. absol. 
 u.sed as subs.-, a s., opp. o plane) : v. 
 SOLID (II. fin.) : Cic. 
 
 . to become : 1. sSlldesco, j ■ 
 
 the structures become s. under water 
 moles sub aqua solidescunt, Vitr. 2, 6, 
 init. : a broken cartilage does not be- 
 come s., cartilage rupta non solidescit 
 Plin. II, 37,87,$ 216. 2. conferveo, 
 2, confervesco, j (to become s. by grow- 
 ing together) : Cels. 8, 10, $ i and J 7. 
 
 3. consisto, stlti, stitum, }, to be- 
 come motionless and s. : usu. with 
 frigore, gelu: esp. poet.: Ov. : Hor.: 
 v. TO FRi'EZE. 4. concresco, evi, etiim, 
 i (to become s. by curdling) : Ov. : v. to 
 CURDLE. 5. sOlidus fio, Col. 7, 8, 4. 
 
 , to make: 1. firmo. i ('° 
 
 most senses in Kng.): v. to strengthen. 
 
 2, denso, I : lo make milk s. into 
 butler, d. lac in butyrum, Plin. 11,41, 
 96, } 239. 3. condenso, I (stronger 
 than denso) : tomake cheese s. by weights, 
 c. caseum ponderibus. Col. 7, 8, 4 : cf. 
 spisso, conspisso: v. TO thicken. 4. 
 cogo, egi, actum, J : to make milk s., to 
 hardness, c. lac in duritiam, Plin. 23, 7, 
 64, } 126 (v. TO CURDLE) : to make honey 
 s. bii cold, c. meila frigore, Virg.: cf. c 
 pastiUos (pills), Plin. 20, i, 2, } 3- 5. 
 solido, I : to make buildings s. urithout 
 beams, aedificia sine trabibus s., Tac. A 
 15, 43 : Plin. 6. persolido, i (tomake 
 quite s.), Stat. Theb. i, 354 : cf. con- 
 
 SOlido : V. TO CONSOLIDATE. 
 
 solidly : I. finniter, firme, solide : 
 to prop up s., f. suiTulcire, Plant. Epid. 
 I, I, 77 : cf stabilius(comp. of stabiliter), 
 Suet. Claud. 20: v. firmly. ||. Jic- 
 curately, thoroughly : q. v. 
 
 soliloquize : v. soliloquy. 
 
 soliloquy : I. -^lental .- senno 
 
 intimus [quum ipse secum (sc. loqui- 
 tur)], Cic. fuse. 2, 22. 51 ; to soliUquize, 
 intra se meditari, Plin. 10,42, 59, § 118. 
 II. A talking to oneself: Phr.: 
 in solitudine secum loqui, Cic. Off. }, I, 
 I : intra se dicere. Quint. 10, 7, 25 : ^ 
 held the following s., haec solus secum 
 collocutus est, Cic: ipse secum haec 
 locutus est, Cic. : ?ie held a l/mg^ s., 
 multa secum ipse locutus est, Cic: 
 (from Kr.). (N.B.— Not soliloquium, 
 which is first used by Augustine.) 
 
 solitarily : no one word to express 
 it; sometimes an adj. may serve (cf. 
 L. G. i 343): to live s.. agere vitam 
 segregem. Sen. Ben. 4, 18, m^d.: also 
 expr. by prep, and subs. : v. soutabt, 
 soLrruDE. 
 
 solitariness : v. solitude. 
 
 solitary (adj.) : |. Limng alone: 
 1. sOlitarius: a s. man, s. homo, 
 
 bustis apta materia validissima est, id. | Cic : a s. and retired kind of life, s. et 
 2, 18, fin. : see also nourishing. V. : umbratilis vita. Quint, i, 2, 18; v. heb- 
 Of buildings : massively-, strongly- j mit, recluse: to be of a s. nature, i.e. 
 built : 1 solidus : a wall either s. or \ to frequent s. plaees. s. natura esse, Varr. 
 with arches', paries vel solidus v ■[ fomi- R. R. 3, 16, 4. Phr.: to Uad a s. (or 
 catus, Cic. Top. 4, 22. 2. firmus, , retired) life, aetatom in tenebns agere
 
 SOLITARY 
 
 SOME 
 
 SOME 
 
 (t. e.. rcmouin a convictu, foro, re- 
 publica), I'lin. Pan. 44, ined. 2. «*- 
 iivauiis {ivamlerivg, roving alone) : s. 
 bestiae, opp. congregatae, Cic. Tusc. ?, 
 I?. ?8. 3. siiigilliiris : vlien the 
 
 enema on shore had tpud some s. mtn 
 disembarking, hostes ubi ex litore ali- 
 quos siniiulares t-x iiavi egredienlos 
 conspexerani, Caes. B. G. 4, 26. Join: 
 non siiigulare n^-c solivagum genus, 
 Cic. Rep. I, 25, jg. 4. sCgr6iiis, e 
 (nom. (ioes not occur except in the form 
 aegregus, Aiis. Parent. 8, lo): to had a 
 s. life, agere viiani s., Sen. Ben. 4, 18. 
 
 II. Lonely, uvjretiuented: 1. 
 solas : s. places, loca s., Cic. : Plant. : 
 on the s. vwuntain, in solo monte, Tib. 
 
 1, I, 7 J. Rarely of persons: / am s. ; 
 I have no one herf, Jriend or kindred, 
 sola sum, habeo hie neminem, neque 
 aniicum neque cognatum, Ter. Eun. I. 
 
 2, 67 : id. Ad. J, I, 4 ; V. LONELY. 2. 
 
 desertus (^un/requetded) : a populous or 
 S. place, frequens an desertus locus, 
 Quint.: a s. stump, d. stipes, Tib. i, i, 
 11: a most s.dtseii,, desertissima soll- 
 tudo, Cic. Join: deserta via el in- 
 culta, Cic. Coel. 18, 42 : vastus ac 
 desertus, Cic. : Liv. : v. desolatk, 
 WASTE. 3. secrttus : s. montes, 
 
 silva, litora, Ov. : s. way, s. iter, Hor. 
 
 Ep. I, 18, lOJ : V. RETIRED, SECLUDED: 
 
 before he spent a s. period alone, (prius- 
 quam) solus in secreto {neut. absol.) 
 tempus tereret, Liv. 26, 19, ad med. 
 4, avius, devius {out of the high- 
 road) : Sail. : Liv. P h r. : in a s. spot, 
 loco ab arbitris remote (lit. a Sfxit safe 
 from intrudei's), Cic. Verr. 5, ji, 80: 
 the most s. parts of the city, infrequen- 
 tissima urbis, Liv. ji, 2;, post init. 
 
 III. Dreary, gloomy, melancholy, 
 q. V. ly, Siyigle, detached : 1, 
 separatus, sejunctus : v. detached. 
 
 2. unicus {one rmly of its kind) : 
 s\ngii\a.Tis {unpaialliled) : v. sole, onlt. 
 P h r. : as. instance in hittory, quod nulla 
 habet annalium historia, Liv. : in s. con- 
 finement, clausi in tencbris (.?), Sail. Jug. 
 14, med. : to put any one in s. confine- 
 ment, *aliquem custodiae tradere ser- 
 moniset coUoquii usu adempto (Georg.). 
 solitary (s«b«-) : v. hermit. 
 solitude : I. -^tate of being alone, 
 loneliness: solltudo, inis, /. : widow- 
 hood and s., viduitas ac s., Cic. Caecin. 
 5, II} : cf. liberorum s., id. Verr. i, ;8, 
 15 J : Ter. Andr. 1, 5, 55. jj. Of place : 
 remoteness from society : 1. solitiido : 
 they had repaired to the s. of the uoods 
 for C'rnvealment, se in s. ac silvas abdi- 
 derant, Caes. B. G. 4, 18: .<. and retire- 
 vunt constitute my procince, mihi s. et 
 recessus provincia est, Cic. Alt. 12, 26, 2. 
 
 2. secretum (strictly neut. adj.) .- 
 though my pen rejoices in s. and dreoils 
 all intruders, cum stilus secreto gaudeat 
 atque omnes arbitros reformidet, yuiiit. 
 10, 7, 16 : cf. horrendaeque procul 
 secreta Slbyllae, Virg. Aen. 6, 10. 3. 
 expressed by an adj. with locus, regio : 
 «. g. locus de.strtus, regio vasta (v. soli- 
 TARY): see also retreat, retirement. 
 
 Ill, Desert : q. v. P h r. : to seek s.. 
 captare solitudines, Cic. Tusc. i, 26, 6j : 
 cf. secretum solitudiiiemque captare, I's. 
 Quint. Decl. 17, I•^,med. : to seek refuge 
 inflight and s.,mandare fugae soliiuili- 
 nique vitam, Cic. Cat. i, 8, 20: cf. dis- 
 cedere in alicjuas solitudines, id. Kam. 2, 
 16, 2 : to nandrr about in s. through 
 grief ia locis soils iiioestuni errare, id. 
 l)iv. I, 28, 59 : see also retirement, to 
 
 RETIRE. 
 
 solo: I, Vocal ; "unius cantus: 
 
 also canticum (a sinig in the Koman 
 comedy, sung by mxe person, a7ul ac- 
 companied by music and dancing): 
 Cic: Liv.: to sing a s., *solus canere 
 or cantare. ||. Jnslruinenlal : Phr. : 
 Ae plays a s. on the lyre, flute, etc., 
 *solus tidibus, tibiis canit or caiitat : a 
 male s.-sinyer, *monodiarius. Net. Tir. 
 p. 17? : a female s.-singer, *nionodiaria, 
 Inscr. 
 
 Solomon' S-seal : *Convallaria poly- 
 gonalnni, Linn. 
 
 solstice : I. The summer s. : 
 
 solstitium, Hor. Ep. i, 11, 18 : Virit. G. 
 I, 100. II. The winter s. : brunia, 
 opp. solstitium, Cic. .\'. I). 2. 7, 19. 
 Phr.: at the summer s., solstiliali die, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, jg, 94: at the winter t., 
 brumali die, id. l)lv. 2. 14, a. 
 
 solstitial: soUtllialis, bruinalis: v. 
 solsticb. 
 
 solubility: expr. by adj. or rerb : 
 
 V. .SOI.I IlI.E, TO DISSOL\ E. 
 
 soluble {capable of solution in a 
 fluid) : no exact equivalent : perh. dis- 
 solubilis, solubilis may serve : expr. by 
 verb, quod dissolvi, dilul potest : v. to 
 
 DISSOLN E. 
 
 solution : I. The act of dit- 
 
 solvitig : expr. by verb : v. to dissolve. 
 II. The liquid in nhich something 
 has tieen dissolved : diliilum, Pliii. 27, 7, 
 28, ^ 46. III. Explanation, removal 
 of difficulties in argument : 1, sOlu- 
 lio: argumentorum s.. Sen. Ben. 5, 12: 
 .<!. ef a sophism, s. captionis sophist icae, 
 Geil. 18, 2. 2. resolulio (like Kolutio) : 
 sophismatis r., Gell. I. c. 3. enodatio 
 (rare): Cic. Top. 7, ji. 4. explicatio: 
 that s. of yours utill have done much to 
 advance our present problem, multum 
 ad ea, quae quaerimus, explicatio tua 
 bla profecerit, Cic. Fin. i, 4, 14. Also 
 expr. by verb to solve: see also ex- 
 planation, interpretation. Phr.: to 
 require further s., non satis explanari, 
 Plin. 6, 2}, 26, A 96. 
 
 solve : 1. solvo, vi, iitum, J : let 
 sophisms be s.d, captiosa (used as neut. 
 subs.) solvantur, Cic. Fin. i, 7. 22 : cf. 
 discutere captiones, ib. : to s. a riddle, 
 aenlgma s.. Quint. 2. dissolvo: to s. 
 problems, interrogationes d., Cic. Ac. 2, 
 15, 46. Also, enodo, expedio, enutleo, 
 explano, explico, illustro : v. to clear 
 UP, explain, prove. Phr.: the nature 
 of the gods is mysterious and difficult to 
 s., naturadeorum est obscura et difficiles 
 explicatus babet, Cic. N. I), j, jg, gj : 
 to s. doubts, dubitationem tollere, Cic. : 
 
 d. eximen-, Quint. 
 
 solvency : perh. *faculta8 solvendi : 
 or expr. by adj. : v. solvent, credit. 
 P h r. : / have got a reputation- for s., 
 boiium nomen existimor, Cic. Fam. 5, 
 6, 2. 
 
 solvent : I. -Able to pay : 1. 
 qui est solvendo sc. aeri (v. L. G. ^ ;?8, 
 Obs. 2) Cic. : qui est ad solvendum : 
 Vitr. 2. idoneus sc. debitor (safe, 
 able to pay, opp. inops) • Gai. Dig. : cf. 
 Martian. iJig. }5, 2, 88, idoiieis homini- 
 bus {v. I. noininibus) coUocare pecuniam, 
 to place mimey in s. hands: v. L. G. 
 J 5}8, Obs. 2 : V. insolvent, hankriit. 
 II. Lit,: able to dissolve : expr. by 
 verb : e. g., quod dissolvere potest : v. 
 
 TO Dls,SOLVE. 
 
 sombre : obscurus, tenebrosus, tris- 
 
 tis : V. DARK. DUSKY, GL(X)JIY. 
 
 some (ailj.) : 1. aliqui, allqua, iili- 
 quod (the forms aliquis and aliquid for 
 the mo!-t part being used substantively : 
 aliqui, etc., is always emphatic and op- 
 posed either expressly or impliedly to 
 such words as all, much, none, etc.) : 
 from this people is chosen s. leader or 
 oDier, ex hoc populo deligitur aliqui 
 dux, Cic. Rep. i, 44, 68 : s. xvar or olhtr, 
 aliquod Ix'llum, Caes. : see also any (2). 
 .Sometimes lor aliqui, aliquis is used : 
 
 e. g., in whose nay some hardship or 
 other has l>een put, quibus est aliquis 
 olijecius labos, Ter. Hec. ?, i, 6: cf. 
 gravis aliquis casus, Cic. Am. 72, 84. 
 [N.B. — Will) numerals, aliqui, as Gr. tw, 
 expresses an indefinite number, and is = 
 about : s. (or about) twenty days, aliquos 
 viginti dies, PI. Mrn. 5, 5, 47 ; s. five 
 leaver, aliqua folia quinque, Cato K. R. 
 1 56. od )«i<. : v.Am)UT(B.iJ 2. iiliqul- 
 piam, iiliquapiain, aliquodpiam (rare): 
 even if lie sltould be driven out of this 
 city by s. force, etiamsi allqiiapiam vi 
 expelleretur ex bac urbe, Cic. Sest. 29, 
 6;. 3. quispiani.quaepiam.quodpiam 
 (similar to quis, but aipable of taking a 
 more iiulfpeiident and emphatic pasi- 
 tion : usu. wiili si) what if s. deity 
 hath villrd this ; quid si hoc voluit quis- 
 piam Deus? Ter. Eun. 5, 2, i6. 4, 
 
 ncinnullus ( = consideiable, sing., or 
 several, plur.) : s. (= comiderabU) ritk, 
 n. perlculum, Plaut. : $. (= teveral) co- 
 hort^, n. cohortes, Caes. 5, &IIqu6t 
 {a few, indecl., and only used with jilur. 
 subs.) : J. letters, aliquot epistolae, Cic. ; 
 from s. causes, a. de causis, Caes. : s. 
 years before, a. ante aniios. Suet. 6. 
 qiiidam, quaedam, quoddam {of a en tain 
 person or thing, which one cannot or 
 may not mention by name): s. (=a 
 certain) <;aul, quidam Gallug, Caes. ; 
 s. {= certain) subjects of debate, quae- 
 dam quaestiones.Cic. : hence occasionally 
 found Joined with certus. esp. in Cic. (v. 
 certain). 7. nescioquis(rareasad>.): 
 v. SOME {suhs. 7): s. eye or other be- 
 witches my tender lamb.<:. ne.sclo quls te- 
 neros oculus mihi fascinat atnos (allud- 
 ing to the supposed power of an evil 
 eye), Virg. E. }, 10 1. 1' li r. : in s. de- 
 gree, to s. exterd, aliquanturo, Cic. : ali- 
 quatenus. Sen. : Quint. : in s. respect, 
 aliquid (v. somewhat) : for s. time (in- 
 definite), aliquamdiu,Cic. : aliquantisper, 
 Plaut. : Ter. : for s. {short) time, paulis- 
 per : s. time before, aliquanto aiit#-, Cic. : 
 after s. time, post aliquanto, id.: at s. 
 ti7n« or oMer (past or preS'nt),aliquando; 
 to stand you in s. stea<l, in rem tuani 
 esse, Plaut. : with s. {good) reason, non 
 sine causa, Cic. : s. days tiefore, superi- 
 oribus diebus, Caes. B. G. 7, 58 : it is s. 
 comfort to me, nonnihil me consolatur, 
 Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2 : s. progress has been 
 made, considering the vry unhappy po- 
 sitinn ue are in, nonnihil, ut in tantis 
 malis, est profectum, ib. 12, 2, 2. 
 [N.B. — .s'&bk; may occasionally be ren- 
 dered (1.) by a diminutive subs. : e. g., 
 s. {little) solace, solatiolum,Cat.; (2.) by 
 a double negative construction : e. g., 
 with s. {considerable) skill, non incal- 
 lide, Cic] 
 
 some {subs.) : some one or somebody, 
 something: \. aliquis, aliquid, ;</Hr. 
 aliqui {/em. sing., and fern, and neutr. 
 plur. not used, for tbe forms aliquae, 
 aliqua, properly belong to aliqui): it it 
 no fault of yours, if s. harejeared you, 
 non tua culpa est, si te ahqui iimuerunt, 
 Cic Marcell. 6,20,./i7i. N.B.— In Plaut. 
 and Ter. aliquis is use<i, like rts in Gr., 
 with a plur. verb : (y>en the door s.body 
 immeiliately, aperile aliquis actutum 
 ostium, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26 : cf. PI. Men. 
 4, 2, III : in Virg. once with 2 pers. sing, 
 (exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossibus ultor, 
 Aen. 4. 625) : and even the simple quis 
 is simly. used wiihplur. verb in PI. Ps. 5, 
 I, J7 (Simoni me adesse, quis nuntiate). 
 Join: with unus (to denote a single 
 but indefinite person): name s. one or 
 other, unuin aliquem nominate, Cic. Clu. 
 66, 185: with alius: to promise s.thing 
 else, aliquid aliud promittere. Petr. : with 
 adj.: to attempt s.thing great, aliquid 
 magnum invadere, Virg. Aen. 9, 184: 
 with ex, de, or gejt. (in partitive sense) : 
 s. o}ie of you, aliquis ex vobis, Cic. : 
 s. one of us three, a. de tribus nobis, id. : 
 s. one of their own party, suoruni a.. Id. 
 Hence aliquid with gen. o( subs, or aih. 
 is used for the adj. aliqui: e. g.. aliquid 
 pugnae (= aliqua pugna), 1*1 Capi. j, 4, 
 ;2: aliquid moiistri (= aliquod mon- 
 struni), I'er. Andr. i, 5, 15: aliquid vi- 
 riuin (= aliquae vire.s). Cic. Fam. 11, 18, 
 J : aliquid indefensi (= nllquoil inde- 
 fensuni), Liv. 26, 5, ad meii. Phr.: to 
 be s.body or s.thing (= 01 some mrlh or 
 note), esse aliquis or aliquid if you 
 vould be s.body (in the wi/rld), si vis 
 e.-ise aliquid (so the best MSS for aliquis: 
 Cicero however uses both sum aliquis 
 and sum aliquid in this sense), Juv. S. 
 t. 74 : 1/0" would hare v\e be s.body, ma 
 veils esse aliquem, Cic Alt j, 15, 8: 
 t)elieving himself {to tie) r.bo'iy, ses«> ali- 
 quem credens. Pers.S. i, 119 : cf. aliquem 
 se putare, Sin. : what you say is, /grant, 
 s.thing, but it by no tneans includes the 
 whole, est isluc quidem aliquid, .sed ne- 
 quaqu.'Un in IsU) sunt omnia, Cic. Sen. 
 J. 8 . it IS s.thing to haie t>een the wife 
 of Jupiter, est aliquid nupsisse Jovi, 
 Ov. !•. 6. 27 : to say s. {of importance, 
 to tlie point : Gr. Aeyeik' ti), Cic. Tusc
 
 SOME 
 
 SOMETIMES 
 
 SOMEWHERE 
 
 1, lo, lo: to relate to s. (in gramm.)r 
 ad aliquid esse, Quint. 2. noiinulU : 
 s. imagined these stnries to have been 
 trumped vp, nonnuUi haec ficta existi- 
 mabant. Sail. C. 22 : cf. Caes. B. G. I, 
 26, med. [For nonnullus. adj., v. 
 SOME, adj. (4).] 3. quidam, qiiae- 
 dam, quiddain i s. one (= o certain 
 one) of the soldiers, quidam ex mi- 
 litibus, Cdes. : s. (= certain) of them 
 made their way to the Nervii, quidam 
 ex his ad Nervios pervenenmt, id. 
 With gen. : s. (— certain) good men 
 were slain, quidam bonorum caesi, 
 Tac. A. I, 49. Also neutr. sing, as 
 :ubs. ; s.thing dicine. quiddam divi- 
 nmn, Cic. : so quiddam mali (= quod- 
 dam malum), id. Leg. j, 10, 2i. Also 
 
 quidam alii (like alii .... alii). 
 
 some others : s. retired from the 
 
 city, others committed suicide, exces- 
 serunt urbe quidam, alii mortem sibi 
 coDsciverunt, Liv. 4;, 10, extr. [For 
 quidam, ady.,v.soMK,a'ij. (6).] 4. non- 
 nemo (sing. = several) ; in the senate- 
 house even there are s. enemies, in ip.sa 
 curia nonnemo hostis est, Cic. Mur. }(), 
 84: but in id. Cat. 4, 5, 10, it is = quidam: 
 I see that s. one (= a certain person) is 
 absent, video abesse nonneminem. 5. 
 quispiara, quaepiam, quidpiam o>- quip- 
 piam (almost = aliquis) ; s. o»i« of those, 
 quispiam ex iis, Gell. 2, 21, m^d. : to 
 bring forward to s. people, proferre ad 
 quospiam, Appul. Flor. Often in anti- 
 cipating objections : e. g., perhaps s. one 
 will say, fortasse dixerit quispiam, Cic. 
 Sen. ?, 8. [For quispiam, adj., v. some, 
 adj. (3).^ 6. aliquot (rarely as subs.) ; 
 s. (= a few) had paid me a visit, a. me 
 adierant. Ter. Andr. ?, j, 2. [For aliquot, 
 od;., V. SOME, adj. (5).] 7. nescioquis 
 (implying uncertainty : somebodi/, some 
 one or other, I knmo not ivho : v. L. G. 
 } 626) : «. one or othei- is speaking here 
 close to me, prope me hlc nescio quis 
 loquitur, PI. Pers. i, i, V): my mind 
 c^ainly forebodes s.-thing ill, nescio 
 quid protect© mihi animus praesagit 
 mali, I'er. Heaut. 2. 2, "j. Also in af- 
 fected Ignorance, denoting insignificance 
 or meanntiss : s. pleader fellow, causidi- 
 cum nescio quem, Cic. de Or. i, 46, 202 : 
 by the complaints of s. Paconius, who- 
 ever he may be, Paconii nescio cujus 
 querelis, id. Q. Fr. i, i, 6, 19. [Kor 
 nescio quls used adjectively, v. some, 
 adj. (7).] 8. sunt qui (the verb usu. 
 plur. and in pres., with an indefinite and 
 freq. without any expressed subject, but 
 with a relative clause which either de- 
 fines or takes the place of the subject : 
 lit.: there are those people or things, who 
 or that, etc. : when the rel. clause states 
 &facl, the iridic, is used ; when a meie 
 conception, contingency or uncertainly, 
 the subj. is employed : cf. Gr. eo-rii' oi, 
 etc.) : s. have not the courage to say what 
 they feel, sunt qui quod sentiunt non 
 audent dicere, Cic. Off. i, 24, 84: to s. 
 1 seem to be too bitter in satire, sunt 
 quibus in satira videor nimis acer, 
 Hur. S. 2, I, I ; cf. sunt quos curriculo 
 pulverem Olympicum coUegisse juvat, 
 id. Od. I, I, J: there are s. who think 
 death to be the departure of the mind 
 from the body, sunt qui discessum aninii 
 a corpore putent esse mortem, Cic. fuse. 
 1,9,18. Sinily. sunt quidam qui is used. 
 9. alius. . . . alius (some . . . others): 
 they brought forward, s. purple, others 
 incense, othei-s precious stones, alii pur- 
 puram, tus alii, genimas alii, Cic. VeiT. 
 5, 56, 146. Also alius repeated in a dif- 
 ferent case, or alius with an adverb in 
 the second place : e. g., living s. in one 
 way, others in another, alius alio more 
 viventes, Sail. C. 6 : the cavalry slipped 
 off, s. by one route, others bii another, 
 eqnites alii alia dilapsi sunt. Liv. 44, 4 J : 
 t. are exposed to danger from one quar- 
 terr, others from another, alils aliunde est 
 pericultm], Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 19. For other 
 constructions, v. otheb, anotheb (1). 
 ,P b r. : as often as you shall have s. one 
 to send a Utter by, quoties habebis cui 
 des literas, Cic. Att. 11, li, 5 : there 
 witt even/ day be s. one to send by, •erit 
 TJ2 
 
 quotidie per quem mittas (Ainsw.) : / 
 v.'ill forego s. of my right, * paulum de 
 jure meo discedam (Ainsw.) : there is 
 s.thing in it. non .<:. baud temcre est, 
 freq. in Plant, and Ter. : cf. non hoc de 
 nihilo est, Ter., and non de niliilo, Liv. : 
 / will be s.thing or nothing, ego ero aut 
 Caesar aut nullus : J must talk of s.thing 
 else, oralio alio demutanda est mea, PI. 
 Mil. 4, 7, 8. 
 
 somehow or other: 1. altqua 
 
 (sc. via, bj/ some road or other) : to escape 
 s. or otiier, if he could, a. evolave, si 
 posset, Cic. Verr. i, 26, 67 : if you 
 had not done a mischief s. or other, you 
 would have died, si non a. nocuisses, 
 mortuus esses, Virg. E. 5, 15. 2. 
 nescio quomodo (lit., / knoiv not hoiv) : 
 good men are s. or other too sluggish, 
 boni nescio quomodo tard lores sunt, 
 Cic. Sest. 47, 100. 3. nescio quo pacto 
 (like the preced.) : s. or other it is always 
 the case, nescio quo pacto semper hoc 
 fit, id. Mur. 21, 4? : others s. or other 
 have become hardened, alii nescio quo 
 pacto obduruerunt, Cic. Kam. ;, 15, 2. 
 (N.B. — Such phrases as nescio quonindo, 
 nescio quo pacto, are to be regarcWd as 
 a single adverbial expression, and hence 
 the jndic.) 
 
 somersault \ 1. cemuo, i : they 
 
 somerset: S ^<^Pi running over 
 skins drenched with <nl and throw- 
 ing S.S, pelles oleo perfusas percurre- 
 bant, ibique cernuabant, Varr. in Non. 
 21, 8. 2. perh. *in caput se circum- 
 agere (Georg.). P h r. : lightly clad 
 youths thronu s.s betueen suords and 
 spears pointed at them, nudi juvenes 
 inter gladios se atque infestiis frameas 
 saltu jaciunt, Tac. G. 24 : one nho throu'S 
 S.S, a tumbler : cemuus, Lucil. in Non. 
 21, 6: cf. petaurista (and -es), ae. m. 
 = jrcTaupio-T^s, Varr. in Non. 56, 26. 
 
 sometime : I. -^< "" indefinite 
 past time : 1. iilTquando : have you 
 heard this s.time or other from any one f 
 num haec ex ullo andivisti a..' Cic. 
 2. quondam : s.time mother-in-law, 
 q. socrus, id. Clu. 66, 188. Also antea, 
 olira, etc. (v. formerly). ||, At an 
 indefinite f^Uure time : 1. aliquando : 
 the day will s.time or other dawn, 
 illueescet a. ille dies, Cic. Mil. 26, 6q. 
 2. aliquo tempore (like aliquando): 
 mortal flesh must s.time or other perish, 
 corpus mortale a. temp, interire nccesse 
 est,Cic. Inv. 2, 57, 170. (N.B.— Necesse 
 est gen. prefers a dat. of the person to 
 an ace.) 3. quandoque: J think that 
 I shall stay longer at Astura, till he shall 
 come s.time, ego me Asturae diutius 
 arbitror commoraturum, quoad ille q. 
 veniat, Cic. Fam. 6, 19, extr. : Liv.: Tac. 
 4. olim (chiefly poet, in this sense): 
 V. HEREAFTER. (N.B. — For somc time 
 = a long while, v. long, adv.) 
 
 some time ago: dudum, pridem, 
 
 etc. (v. AGO, SOME time). 
 
 sometimes: I. ^< times: 1. 
 
 aliquando : moral rectitude s. clasltes 
 ii-ith expedieiici/, ulilitas a. cum honestate 
 pugnat, ac. Oft. 3, J, 12. 2. nonnuu- 
 quam : s. by day, oftener by night, n. 
 inierdiu, saepius noctu, Caes. B. G. i, 
 8 : Cic. 3. olini (poet.) : as coaxing 
 teachers s. give buys cakes, ut pueris o. 
 dant crustula blandi doctores, Hor. S. i, 
 I, 25: Ov. : Virg. 4. interdum : s, or 
 rather exceedingly (ften, i. vel potius 
 nimium saepe, Cic. 5. quandoque 
 (now and then): s. ships are made, 
 s. shields, q. fiunt trabes, q. clipei. Sen. 
 Q. N. I, I, extr. Q, subinde : v. ocCA- 
 siONALLV. II, As correl., sometimes 
 . . . sometimes : 1. m6d6 .... modo : 
 or in place of the second modo, some 
 other adverb (see Smith's Lat. Diet. 
 
 s. v., and art. kow, IL). 2. nunc 
 
 nunc: v. now (IL). 3. alias alias : 
 
 to be s. liappy, s. wretched, a. beatus esse, 
 a. miser, Cic! Fin. 2, 27, 87. Or alias in 
 connexion with alius, aliter, for which 
 alio tempore may be used: v. now (IL). 
 
 4. int^-rdum interdum : s. in 
 
 speech the flow is very rapid, s. the pace 
 is moiierate, i. cursus est in oratione 
 iucitatior, i. moderata Ingressio, Qc. 
 
 Or. 59, 201. 5. interim ,... interim 
 (rare) : Quint. 5, 10, 34. 6. quan- 
 doque .... quandoque (v. supr. 1. 5). 
 P h r. : cranes standing s. on one leg, 
 s. on the other, grues alternis pedibus 
 insistentes, Plin. 10, 23, 30, 6 59 (ct. al- 
 terno terram quatiunt pede, Hur. Od. I, 
 4, 7) : V. ALTEitSATELi : Impe and fear 
 together make it s. credible, s. not, 
 alternant spesque timorque fidem, Ov. H. 
 6, 38. 
 
 somewhat {subs.): l. nonnihil 
 (indecL : somi thing considerable) : he 
 devotes s. of his time to literature, n. 
 temporis tribuit Uteris, Nep. Uannib. 1 3. 
 
 2. aliquantum (usu. something great) : 
 used as neutr. subs, with gen. ; a. agri, 
 noctis, itineris, Cic. : Caes. : see also 
 DEAL (subs.). 3. aliquanliilum (as 
 subs. : something little) : a. suspicioiiis, 
 Cic. : see also little (subs.). 
 
 somewhat (adv.): |. in some 
 (indefinite) degree ; often e.xpr. in Lat. 
 by a neutr. pron. : 1. aliquid : tfie 
 light by ttiis time beginning to shine 
 through, but yet s. indistinct, pellucens 
 jam a., incerta tiimen lux, Liv. 41, 2, 
 ad init. 2. quidpiam (or quippiam) : 
 is this marriage s. irksome to him f 
 num illi molestae q. sunt hae nupiiae ? 
 Ter. And. 2, 6, 7. 3. nescio quid; 
 to differ s. in philosophy, nescio quid in 
 philosophia dissentire, Cic. N. D. i, i\, 
 93. 4. aliquai6nu8 : stalks s. red, 
 caules a. rubentes, Plin. 27, 12, 80, ij 105 : 
 Quint.: Sen. See also partly. ||. •/» 
 some great degree : aliquantum, all- 
 quanto (aliquanto being used oftener 
 than aliquantum with ormpariUives) : 
 nut only not in opposition to legal limits, 
 but even stopping short of them, and s. 
 short too, non mudo non contra legem, 
 sed etiaiu intra legem, et quideni ali- 
 quanto, Cic. Fam. 9, 26,4: he oho ha^ 
 come s. near virtue, qui proces.sit aliquan- 
 tum ad virtutis aditum, Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 
 48 : the conqueror returned to Home to a s. 
 greater contest, victor Romam ad majus 
 aliquanto certamen rediil, Liv. 5, 29, 
 ad med. : v. CONSIDERABLY. |||. In 
 some slight degree : 1. aliquantulum ; 
 spare yourself s., a. tibi parce, Ter. Heaut. 
 1,1,111. 2. nonnihil: the recollection 
 s. consoles me, n. me consolatur quum 
 lecordor, Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2 : cf. baud 
 nihil, Liv. i, }, init. 3. paulum, 
 paulo, pauliilum : esp. paulo with com- 
 par., oftener than paulum: v. littlb 
 (adv.). [N.B. — Someivhut is often de- 
 noted in Latin : (i.) by a simple compa- 
 rative (when excess beyond the average 
 is implied) : old age is naturally s. 
 talkative, senectus est natura li iiuacior, 
 Cic. Sen. 16, 55 : cf. mulia fecit a-perius 
 (s. rmtghly), id. Fam. 6, 6, 10. (u.) by 
 a compar. tvith a diminutival suffix : 
 s. better (of a patient), meliusculus, Cels. 
 3, 21, extr.: a s. grmmi-up girl, virgo 
 grandiuscula (though there is another 
 reading, grandicula), Ter. And. 4, 5. 19 : 
 Thais is s. older than I am, I'hais, quam 
 ego sum, majuscula est, I'er Kun. 3, 3. 
 21 : and even an adverb is found: «. g., 
 meliuscule : when you were s. better, 
 cum m. tibi esset. Cic. Fam. 16, 5, i. 
 (iii.) by a diminut. adj. s. poor, pau- 
 perculus, Hor. : Ter. : «. smcUl. parvu- 
 lus, Cic. : Caes. : Virg. (iv.) by the 
 prep, sub in comp. : «. ugh/, subturpis, 
 Cic. : «. obscure, subobscurus, id.] 
 
 somewhence : v. somewheke (III.). 
 
 somewhere: I. in some place: 
 
 1. alictibi : / could have wished 
 rather you had procured your lands s. 
 here, mallem hie a. paravisses (praedia), 
 Cic. Flac. 29, 71 : cf. Ter. Ad. 3. 4..7- 
 
 2. aliquo loco : you are to look for 
 no letter f I om me before I am settled 
 s., antequam a. 1 consedero, literas a 
 me non exspectabis, Cic. Att. 5, 14, I. 
 
 3. nonnu.-quam (in some places . 
 rare):" Plin. 36, 22, 49. § 168. 4. al>- 
 quotfariam (in several places: rare); 
 Varr. R. R. i, 2, 7. 5. uspiam (s. or 
 anywhere) : J did not doubt but that he 
 would be likely to see you at Lhjrradiium 
 or s. in your parts, non dubltabam, quln 
 te ille aut Dyrrachii aut in istls loci."
 
 SOMEWHERE ELSE 
 
 SON GSTER 
 
 SOON 
 
 ngpiam visunis esset, Cic. Att. i, 17,2. 
 II. To tome place : ^llquo : to briny 
 tome one atvay to the country g. or other, 
 aliqueni rus a. educere, Clc. : nuan- 
 wkile let me retire to a comer s. or 
 other, interea in angulum a. abeam, Ter. 
 Ad. 5, 2, II. III. From some place: 
 MicundC : he should Ijonow s. ^ =J'rom 
 tome ojif), sumeret u., Ter. Ph. 2, i. "Jo. 
 See also anvwhkrk, klsk {ado.). 
 
 somewhere else: v. klse {adv.): 
 
 somewhile : v. sometime. 
 
 whither : v. somewhkre (II.). 
 
 sommerset : ▼■ someksault. 
 
 somnambulism : * ambulatio dor- 
 mieniis. 
 
 somnambulist : * qui dormiens 
 ambulut. 
 
 somnolence, somnolency : som- 
 nus : somiii cupiiiitas, somiiolenlia 
 (rare): v. drowsink-Ss. 
 
 somnolent : semisomnus, soporus : 
 
 T. DEOWSV, IIALF-ASLEEP. 
 
 son: I. In reference to a parent : 
 
 I, filius (wx;. sing, fili) : passim. 
 Fig.: a s. of fortune, (or fortune's 
 favourite) : fortunae f., Hor. S. 2, 6. 49. 
 with which cf. gallinae tilius albae (the 
 Kr. "le tils de la poule blanche "), Juv. 
 I}, 141: a s. of mother earth ( = 01; 
 obscure, mean person), terrae f., Cic. Att. 
 I, I J. 4: Pers. 6, 59. Dimin.: a little 
 or dear s., f iliolus, Cic. : Plaut. : se<> 
 also Bov. 2. expr. by a patronymic 
 (in the poets) : e. g. s. of Friamus, 
 Priamides: s. of Atrcus, Atrides: v. 
 L. G. f} 184, 609. 3. expr. simply 
 hy a gen. of thefatlier (since a son may 
 be said to belong to a father) : //as- 
 drubal, s. of Gisgo, H. GIsgonis. Liv. 
 aj, J7, ad med. 4. niitus (or gnatus : 
 solely poet.) : Virg. : Ov. 5. virile 
 sficus (indecl.), virilis sexus, stirps vlri- 
 Us : / had one little daughter, have never 
 had a s., filiolam ego unam habui, virile 
 secus uunquam uUum habiii, PI. Rud. 
 I, 2, 19 : supjmsivg he had left no s.. si 
 is virilem sexum non reliquisset, Nep. 
 Ages. I: Amulius compasses the death 
 of his brother's s.s, A. stirpem fratris 
 virilem interimit, Liv. i, j, in fin. Q, 
 progenies, ei (poet., very rarely = filius, 
 being properly a collect, subs.) : Sarpe- 
 dnn, my s., S., mea progenies, Virg. Aen. 
 10, 471 : she says that Baechus is not 
 the s. nf Jove, Bacchum progeniem negat 
 esse Jovis, Ov. M. 4, j. Simly. genus is 
 used : daring s. of Japetus, audax lapeti 
 g., Hor. Od. I, J, 27 : Virg.: cf. also this 
 use of suboles, proles, and sanguis by 
 the poets : the illustrious s. of Anchises 
 and Venus, clarus Ancliisae Venerisque 
 sanguis, Hor. Carm. S. 50: cf. id. Od. 4, 
 3, 14 ; Virg. Aen. 4, 2j6. 7. altini- 
 ntis (foster-s.) : F i g. : a soldier's s., 
 legionum a., Tac. A. i, 44: cf.castrorura 
 filius (a title of Caligula, from his hav- 
 ing been brought up in the camp), .Suet. 
 C&l. 22, init. : that Italy might see her 
 own s. branded with tlie greatest torture 
 of slavery, (ut) Italia alumnum suum 
 servitutis extrerao sumnioque supplicio 
 afiBxum videret. Cic. Verr. 5, 66, 169. 
 
 II. In reference to an ancestor : 
 progfiiiies, stirps, genus, etc. : or expr. 
 by participles, ortns, satus, &iitus, 
 gSnitus, natus, with abl.: v. offsprinc, 
 DESCENDANT, DFscKNDKD. Sometimes 
 also patronymics are used in a wide 
 sense : e. g. the s.s of Aeneas ( = the 
 Romans), Aengiidae, Lucr. : the s.s of 
 Homulus (in s;ime sense as prored.), 
 Romulidae, Virg. |||. As title of 
 Our Lord : S. of man, Filius hominis, 
 Vulg. llatt. x.x'v. ji, etc.: S. of dud, 
 Filius Dei, Vulg. Acts ix. 20, etc. Ph r. : 
 Me elder s., e duobus filiis major, Caes. 
 B. C. J, 108 : the eldest .'!.,maximus natu 
 ormaximus: v. old, I., 2.: firstborn : 
 simly. the younger, youngest s., minor 
 Data, minimus natu : erery mother's s. 
 ( = aW. to a man), ad unum omnes. Cic. 
 Am. 2?, 86: to kill every mother's s., 
 occidione «. occisione occidere, Cic. : 
 Liv. : cf. ad inieriiecionem caedere, 
 Liv. 9, 26, init.: a s. of free parents, 
 oriuiidus ab ingonuis, Clc : s. of Jupiter, 
 
 quem Jupiter genuit. Id. : like a good »., 
 pie : to be regarded as a «., haberi in 
 liljerum loco, Cic. Verr. i, i;, 40: to 
 adopt one as a s., allquem filinni insti- 
 tuere, id. pro I>om. 14, J 7 (see also TO 
 ADoiT. adoptive): to be delivered of a 
 s., liliuni pan-re. 
 
 son-in-law : gSner : passim. 
 
 sonata (an extended mu.':ical com- 
 position for one or two instruments) : 
 not known amongst the Romans : peril. 
 most nearly represented by *m<jdorum 
 concei.tus, symphonla. 
 
 song: I. Vocal: 1. cantus, us. 
 m. (more freq. in prose than poetry) : 
 S.S of .'Sirens, c. Sirenum, Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 
 49 : tlie whole neighbourhood resounded 
 with the s. of voices accompanied by 
 stringed instruments and flutes, cantu 
 vocum, nervorum et tlbiarum tota 
 vicinilas personabat, Cic. Rose. Am. 46, 
 i?4: s.s of nwurning, lugubres cantus. 
 Hor. Od. I, 24, 2. (For instrumental 
 music, see music [II.], strain, tlxe.) 
 Also of birds : birds were lulling the 
 air with s., volucres aethera niulce- 
 bant cantu, Virg. Aen. 7, J4 : to utter 
 s., c. dare, ib. i, ^98 : Ov. F. 2, 76; : 
 cf. c avium, Cic. Div. i, 42, 94. Also 
 a s. of incantation : s. even tries to 
 draw down tlie moon from her car, 
 cantus et e curru lunam deducere tentat, 
 lib. I, 8, 21 (V. incantation). 2. 
 carmen, itiis, n. (in this sense mostly 
 poet, for cantus) : illustrious for vocal 
 s., carmine vocall clarus, Ov. M. Ji, J17 : 
 a maii-iagi- s., c. nuptiale. Cat. : the 
 swan on the eve of death sings her 
 funeral s., carmina Jam moriens canit 
 ex.scquialla cyciius, Ov. M. 14, 4J0: cf. 
 Virg. Aen. 4, 462 : v. dirge. 3. 
 canticum (a s. in the litmuin comedy, 
 sung by one person, and accompanied 
 by music and dancing : v. stux)) : the 
 actor in a certain s., histrio in ^. quo- 
 dam. Suet. Ner. 59: v. Met. Ant. 2j8, 
 a: see also ballad, canticle. Also a 
 drinking song : aV the guests are uf- 
 r<>arious vith obscene s.s, omne convi- 
 vium obscenis canticis strepit, Quint, i, 
 2, 8. 4. cantio, onis, f. (rare in this 
 sense) : PI. Stich. ;, 4, "25 : Suet. Ner. 
 25. Esp. used as a s. of incantatvm : 
 cf. Cic. Brut. 60, 217 : v. incantation. 
 5. cantilena (071 old, trite song) : 
 hence Fig.: you are always singing 
 the same old s. ( = i< is the old story), 
 cant, eandem canis, Ter. Ph. j, 2, 10: 
 cf. Cic. Att I. 19, 8. 6. cantiunciila 
 (a flattering, alluring s.) : caiitiunculae 
 (sc. Sirenum), Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 49 (a word 
 apparent l.v coined by Cic). 7. canor, 
 oris, HI. (= mehdy) : S. of the swan, c. 
 cygni, Lucr. 4, 180: Ov. A. A. ?, J15. 
 
 II, A iifitten jtoetical comjxt.'ition .- 
 1, carmen, inis, n. : s. of Ilium, c. 
 
 Iliacum, Hur. A. P. 129 : tragic s., tra- 
 gicurac.ib. 220, and /)ass.; Cic: yuint.: 
 
 V. POEM, POETKV, VERSE. AlsO a S. of 
 
 incantation : cf. carmina vel coelo pos- 
 sunl deducere lunam : carminibus Circe 
 socios mutavit Ulixi, Virg. E. 8, 69. 
 To vrile, compose a s., carmen condere, 
 pangere, fingere, etc, Hor. : v. to coji- 
 POSE. 2. poemitium : Plin. : Aus. 
 3. melos, i, n. : v. strain, tune. 
 
 III, Miscell.: a drinlcing s., csm- 
 tlcimi (v. supr. I., 3) : a satirical, 
 allusive s., famosuni carmen (v. lam- 
 pikin): a nurse's s. (for lulling child- 
 ren), lallus (v. LUi.LA Bv) : cf. also querela 
 in a sim. sense (long i somnum suadere 
 querela), Stat. Tlieb. 5, 616: the burd/nn 
 of a s. (i. e. o verse repeated in a s. at 
 certain intervals), versus intercalaris, 
 Scrv. in Virg. K. 8, 21 (incipe JIaenalios 
 versus, and, diicite ab url>e domum): 
 they hod sung their s. out, hi jam de- 
 CHiitaveraiit, Cic. Tusc. J, 22. ;?: to 
 acrompany the flute with a s., *conferre 
 ad tibiam vecem ((Jeorg.): v. to a<xx>m- 
 PANV : vanquislied in s.,cantimdo victus, 
 Virg. K. J, 21 : / had a natural talent 
 
 for s., sponte sua carmen versus venie- 
 bat ad aptos, Ov. (yuich.). Pro v.: to 
 buy for a mere s., parvo emere, Cic. ; v. 
 
 CHEAP, IHKAPLY. 
 
 songster, songstress (•» lerm 
 
 limited in Eng. to birds : .seldom, if 
 ever, applied to human beings ; for 
 which latter, see simjeb): 1. avis 
 canlrix, Varr. R. K. j, 5, 14.' 2. 
 avis canura: Virg. G. 2, 128: cf. ales 
 canorus (1. e. cygnus). Hor. Od. 2, 20, 15. 
 
 3. avis cantu vocalis: Plio. 10, 50, 
 72.$ 141. 
 
 sonless: orbus: v. chii.dlfa^. 
 sonnet : cantlculum. For Uive-s. : 
 v. i.o\ i:-i«)KM. 
 
 sonneteer ("su- = an imigniOcant 
 
 poet): p<-rb. verslllcalor: a trttir s. 
 
 : than poet, v. quam poiita melior, QuinL 
 
 , 10, I. 89 : v. poetasteb, vf.rsiukr 
 
 ' sonorous: |. I.oud or cUar: 
 
 1. >(')iionis: s.lyre.s. cltbara. I'ib. : 
 I s. rivers, s. flumina, Virg.: s. yiove, 
 '' s. nemus, Stat. Cf. clarus, magnus 
 
 (esp. relating to the voice) : v. locd, 
 ' CLEAR, deep (HI.). 2. s6nablli>, e: 
 s. (metallic) rattle, s. sistrum, Ov. M. 
 9> '784- 3. sOnans, amis : his breath- 
 ing was heavier and more s.. meatus 
 aniinae gravior et soiianti^'r, Plin. Ep. 
 
 6. 16, ad med. 4. sOnax, acis : t. 
 shell, s. concha (al. sooanti), Ov. M. I, 
 }}}. 5. clarisoMUS (poet, and rare): 
 s. voice, c. vox. Cat. 64 (62I, j2o. g. 
 vociilis, e : more s. (i. e. cleai er) wordt, 
 verba vocaliora. Quint. 8, 8. 16: to 
 choose some one with tlie most s. iHjice to 
 read, eligere vocalissimam allquem qui 
 legeret, Plin. Ep. 4, 7, ad med. ||. 
 Melodious, veil-sounding : \. can- 
 didus (dear and musical): v. clear. 
 
 2. canorus: v. melodious. 3. 
 argiitus (rare in this sense) : s. grove, 
 a. nemus, Virg. Of style in oratory : 
 «., clear and well-rounded periods, a. 
 certique et circumscripti verborum am- 
 bitus, Cic. Or. 12, }S . cf. modalatus, 
 numerosus (v. meujdious.). 4. s6n- 
 ans, antis: Of style: s. (gooil) old- 
 fashioned words, s. verba et aniiqua, 
 Plin. Ep. I, 16, ad init. : this pUasanUy 
 s. style charms the listener better than 
 a severely concise one, potius dulcia haec 
 et s. quam austera et pressa (auditorem) 
 delectant, id. 2, 19, ad med. : s. sxmgt 
 and elegies, musas elegosque ».. Mart, 
 
 7, 46, 5. Ph r. : s. and empty phrases, 
 verborum sonitus inanis, Cic de Or. i, 
 12, ;i. (For s. in a b:id sense, v. grand, 
 
 r,RANDIU>QUENT, INFLATED.) 
 
 sonorously : sonOre, canore (rare) : 
 V. clearly, loudly, melodiously : best, 
 however, expr. by adj. (v. sonorous). 
 
 SOnship : perh. *cognatione filius 
 (based on Cic. Fin, 5, I, i, cognatione 
 patruelis, my cousin by blood). 
 
 soon : I. /" or after a short time : 
 1. brevi tempore, or brJvi absol. : 
 the commonwealth will by your aid s. 
 recover its oicn rights, i-espublica per 
 vos brev. temp, jus suum recuperabiu 
 Cic. Fam. 12, 2, j: Ae s. subdued every- 
 thing, b. omnia subegit, SueL Caes. J4: 
 see also Smith's Lat. I>ict. s. brevis 
 (III., 2.). Very s., perbrevl tempore 
 or perbrevl, Cic. 2. nws (very s. = 
 directly) : I shall be txick s., mox ego 
 hue reverter, Ter. : hoio s. breakfast hat 
 been cooked, quam m. coctum est pran- 
 dium, PI. Rud. 2, j, 12. 3. jam (all 
 but now, in a minute) : I'll soon be there, 
 jam adcro, Ter. (cf. jam te premet no2t, 
 Hor.). Jam jam or jam Jamque=po»- 
 sibly s.. at any nvrmmt: cf. atra silex 
 Jam jam lapsura, Virg. Aen. 6, 602 : v. 
 
 MOMENTARILY, INSTANTLY, IMMEI'LVTELY. 
 
 4. propediem (shortly, q. v.) : / 
 shall see you s., pmpediem te videbo, 
 Cic. Div. I, 2}, 47- |i. Quickly, 
 speedily, q. v.: 1. clto: since you 
 have said that a man who had not learnt 
 a thing s.,could never learn it thoroughly 
 at aU, quod euni negasll qui nun c quid 
 didicls.*et unquam i.miiino pi^se perdis- 
 cere, Cic. de Or. j, }6. 146. 2. >■■*- 
 IJriier : / I'-i" send you a fcoot s., 
 librum tibi c. mittam, Cic. (For to do 
 a tiling s., v. to hasten, htrrt on.) 
 
 III. In good time: matiire, tem- 
 pestive, temperi or tempCrt v. earlt. 
 
 SEASONABLY, OPI-OBTUNELT. |V. P^t- 
 
 matweli/ : immatiirg, praematarc : v. 
 PREMATURELY : l>ut best expr. by adj 
 
 77!
 
 SOON 
 
 SOOTH E 
 
 SOOTHSAYER 
 
 (v. PRKMATURE). V. -^* S. OS : V. 
 
 .TOON AS, AS. VI. -^s S- (W possibh : 
 V. SOON AS POssrBLK, AS. Special 
 Phr. : as s.=:(a.)as readily, wiUinnly 
 (in this sense in Kng. accompanying 
 would or some other word expressing 
 xeill), implying regret or preference : f 
 would as s. it had vot bef.n done, noUem 
 factum, Ter. : / would as s. die, cupio 
 mori, id. : Calo uould as s. be a slave. 
 as a soldier, Cato servire quam pugnare 
 TOavult, Cic. Att. 7, i;, 2: v. fain, 
 
 BATHEK, TO PREFER. (6.) OS lief, im- 
 olying indifference: I uould as s. they 
 should be unharmed arul go where you 
 bid, nihil m^ror eos salvos esse et ire 
 quo jubetis, Ant. in Cic. Phil, ij, 17, 55 : 
 
 V. LIEF, INDIFFERENT (5. Phr.). (c.) jUSt 
 
 as little, implying improbability : expr. 
 1.) by non magis. . quam : Caius uould 
 as s traverse on horseback the bay of 
 Baiae as become emperor, non magis 
 Caium iroperaturum quam per Baianum 
 sinum equis discessurum. Suet. Cal. 19, 
 extr. (2.) by ante. . . quam (poet.) : as 
 •i. shall the hart graze aloft in air as 
 tis features pass away from this breast, 
 ante leves pascentur in aethere cervi 
 quam nostro illius labatur pectore vul- 
 tns, V'^irg. E. i, 59, and seqq. Miscell.: 
 s. after, mox, Liv. : paulo mox, Plin. : 
 post paulo, Caes., Sail. : brevi post^a, 
 Cic. : non multo postea, id. : non ita 
 multo post, Liv. : brevi spatio inter- 
 Jecto, Caes. B. G. j, 4. init. : very s., 
 opinione citius, Varr. : cf. celerius om- 
 nium opinione, Caes. B. G. 2, j, init. : 
 also expr. by a superl. adv. (v. supr.) : 
 to an eager mind no haste is s. enough, 
 animo cnpienti nihil satis festinatur. 
 Sail. J. 64, extr. : destined s. { = ere 
 kng) to be an old woman and to stoop, 
 anus baud longa curva futura die. Prop. 
 i, 9, 20 (2, 18, 20). 
 
 soon, as : v. soon (extr. : Special 
 Phr.). 
 
 as, as : 1, simul atque, 
 
 simul ac (or, in one word, simulatque, 
 simulac) : as s. as Caesar s arrival uas 
 ascertained, simul atque de Caesaris 
 adventu cognituni est, Caes. B G. 5, j : 
 OS s. OS Jove's dear spouse perceived 
 plainly her being entangled in such 
 calamity, simulac tali persensit peste 
 teneri cara Jovis conjux, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 90. Also strengthened with piimum 
 (which may be expressed by our ever) : 
 as s. as ever an opportunity appeared 
 to him. simulac primum ei occasio visa 
 est, Cic. Verr. i, ij, J4. 2. simul 
 •nt (less freq. than preced.) . every animal 
 as s. as it is bom begi7is to love itself, 
 omne animal simul ut ortum est, se 
 ipsum diligit, Cic Fin. 2, 11, a. 3. 
 simul ( = simul atque) : as s. as the 
 Sabiries saw the Roman line forming, 
 they too themselves advance, s. insirui 
 Romanam aciem S. videre, et ipsi pro- 
 cedunt, Liv. j, 62, ad med. (cf. Taygete 
 simul OS terris ostendit honestura, Virg ). 
 Also strengthened with primum : C. 
 Marcius denounced Q. Fabius with im- 
 peachment, as s. as ever he retired from 
 -#ce, Q. Fal>io, s. primum magistratu 
 abiit, ab C. Marcio dicta dies est, Liv. 6, 
 i,ad med. 4. ut: the soldiers, as s. 
 as they hadhal ted in line, drove tlu: Atre- 
 bates in a mass into the river, milites, 
 ut in acie constiterant, A. in flumen 
 compulerunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 2}, init. 
 Also statim ut : / wrote a letter as s. as 
 I had read yours, literas scrips! statim 
 ut tuas legeram, Cic. Att. 2, 12, j : v. 
 immediatkly after. Strengthened with 
 primum : as s. as the privilege was 
 given, ut primum potestas data est, Cic. 
 Fam. 10, l;, i. 5. ubi: lilce the sun 
 as s. as it issues from the vanquished 
 clouds, u' sol victis ubi nubibus exit, 
 Ov. M. 5, 571 : 1 said, as s. as ever you, 
 showed it me, that it ivas the one {the 
 ring), dixi, ubi mihi ostendisti illico 
 eum esse. Per. Heaut. 4, i, j. Esp. ubi 
 primum as s. as the enemy beheld our 
 cavalry, they threw our men into dis- 
 order, host«s ubi primum nostros con- 
 spezerunt, nostros perturbaverunt, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 12, init. 6, quum primum : 
 774 
 
 as s. as he begins to be sensible, quum 
 primum sapere coepit, Cic. 7. niox 
 (ubi, ut or quam) : what if the commons 
 should come in arms, as s. as we fail to 
 be influenced bi/ their secession, quid, si 
 plebs, mo.\ ubi parum sece.sslone movea- 
 mur, arniat;i veniat. Liv. j, 82, post 
 med. : cf. mox ut, Flor. 2, 4, ad init. : 
 so mox quam, Paul. Dig. 8. pariter 
 . . . pariter : the hero of Calydon as s. 
 as he beheld her longed for her, banc p. 
 vidit, p. Calydonius heros opiavit, Ov. 
 M. 8, J2} : / heard of his death as s. as 
 his ilhtess, p. aegrum, p decessisse cog- 
 novi, Plin. Ep. 8, 2j, extr. 9. ^ix. . . 
 quum or et (poet.) : as s. as he had 
 spoken, by chance a pair of doves came 
 flying in the sky, vix ea fatus erat, 
 geminae quum forte columbae coelo 
 venere volantes, Virg. Aen. 6. 190: cf. 
 ib. 5, 857: Cic: Ciies. (^"N.B.— Such 
 phrases also as so s. as, no sooner... 
 than, may be rendered like as s. as.) 
 See also immediately after. 
 soon as possible as : 1. quam- 
 
 primiim (or separately, quam primum) : 
 he charges him. to return to him as s. as 
 possible, huic mandat ut ad se quam- 
 primum revertatur, Caes. B. G. 4, 21 : 
 Cic. Very rarely with possum, and not 
 t<) be imitated: that you return as s. as 
 possible, ut quamprimum possis redeas 
 Pi. Capt. 2, J, 88. 2. prinio quoque 
 tempore : that as s. as possible they 
 should bring fonuard these matters 
 before this house, ut primo quoque tem- 
 pore de his rebus ad bunc ordinem 
 referrent, Cic. Phil, j, i;, extr., ami pass. 
 3. expr. also by a superl. adv. with 
 or without quam : the offence should be 
 punished as s. as possible, res maturis- 
 sime vindicanda est, Cic. Caec. 2, 7 : let 
 him come to the province as s. as possi- 
 ble, quam ocissime ad provinciam acce- 
 dat. Sail. J. 25, ad med. 
 
 sooner : I. Earlier : temperius, 
 maturius (v. early) : tempest! vius, Hor. 
 Od. 4, I, 9. Expr. also by prius... 
 
 quam, ante quam (v. before). 
 
 Phr.: the s. the better ( = a5 soon as 
 possible, q. v.), quamprimum, primo 
 quoque tempore s. die, Cic. : the let that 
 s. or later is destined to leap forth, 
 serius ocius sors exitura, Hor. Od. 2, j, 
 26 : s. or later ve hasten to one common 
 abode, serius aut citius sedem propera- 
 mus ad unam, Ov. M. 10, }}. ||. 
 More quickly : expr. by compar. adv. 
 
 (v. SOON, il. : QUICKLY, SPEEDILY). 
 
 Phr.: no s. said than done, dictum ac 
 factum or dictum factum (Gr. a|ota eTros 
 oLfjia fpyof), Ter. Andr. 2, i, 7 : cf. dicto 
 citius, Virg. Aen. i, 142: Liv. 2j, 47. 
 III. More willingly { = rather : 
 q. v.): expr. by libentius, p6tius, magis. 
 etc. foil, by quam : or by some verb 
 denoting preference (v. to prefkic). 
 In Cic. Off. I, 18, we find even citius = 
 potius: simly. in id. Tusc. 5, 27, 77, 
 prius =:potius. |V. More easily: 
 
 1, ocius : tliat nook of yours icHl s. 
 produce pepper and frank-incense than 
 the grape, angulus iste feret piper et 
 tus ocius uva, Hor. Ep. I. 14, 2J. 2. 
 f acilius ; nothing is s. said, nil est dictu 
 f., Ter. Ph. 2, i, 70 : and gen. by a com- 
 par. adv. (see also easily). 
 
 soonest : expr. by a superl. adv. (v. 
 soon): or by periphr. : e.g. at the s., 
 primo quoque tempore, etc. (v. soon as 
 possible, as). Often best expr. by adj. : 
 pears the s. ripe, ocissima pira, Plin. 
 
 soot : 1. fuligo, inis,/. : the door- 
 jwsts black u-ith constant s., assidua 
 postes fuligine nigri, Virg. E. 7. 50 : cf. 
 Cic. Phil. 2, j6, 9t. 2. camiiiorum 
 farina (rare): Plin. 28, 7, 2j, $ 84. 
 Phr.: besmeared with s. (or more pre- 
 cisely, with black paint, in which s. was 
 an ingredient), fuliginatus (rare), Hier. 
 Ep. 10: perh. * fuligine obUtus may 
 serve. 
 
 sooth, in : v. indeed ; fact, in. 
 
 sooth : Phr.: s. to say, si verum 
 scire vis, Cic. : cf. verum si loqui volu- 
 mus, si verum quaerimus, ne meutiar 
 (Georg.): v. truth. 
 
 soothe : I. I'o aUay pain : 
 
 whether physical or mental : 1, 
 
 mulceo, si, sum, 2: he i.s grounds by 
 manifold appliances, varia vulnera mul- 
 cet ope, Ov. K. 5, 402. 2. pernmlceo, 1 
 (seldom used literally, as in Ov. Met. I, 
 71;, firmat soporem languida permul- 
 cens medicata lumina virga, confirms 
 their sound slumber by s.ing their tired 
 eyes with a tinctured wand) : by no 
 comfort to s. old age, nulla cansolatione 
 p. senectutem, Cic. Sen. 2, 4. 3. 
 ienio, Ivi or ii, itum, 4: to s. wounds', 
 vulnera L, Prop. 4. delenio, 4 
 
 (stronger than Ienio : to s. effectually) : 
 to s. one's grief, d. dolentem, Hor. Od. }, 
 I, 4J : to s.a disease, d. morbum, Plin. 
 
 5. 16vo, i: to s. care and mental 
 anxiety by talk and advice, curam et 
 angorem aninii sermone et consillo I., 
 Cic. : cf. allevo, etc. (v. -"o alleviate, 
 believe). 6. sedo, l (oftener fig. 
 than lit.) : to s. pains in the ears, do- 
 lores aurium s., Plin. 29, 6, jg, $ ijj : 
 to s. (or quiet) alamn, s. pa\orem, lAv, 
 
 7. mitlgo, i: dulores, labores m., 
 Cic. : to s. one's eais (by explanations), 
 aures m., Quint. 12, i, 14 : also metus 
 m., id. : v. to mitigate. 8. tran- 
 quillo, I (fig.): so that their minds are 
 either agitated or s.d, ut aut pertur- 
 bentur animi aut tranquiUentur, Cic. 
 Top. 26, 98 : V. to calm. For to be s.d, 
 see also to abate (B.). 9. consolor, 
 solor, I : V. TO comfort. ||. To $. ot 
 soften down anger, tumult, etc. J, 
 oblenio, 4 : let reading of poetry s. an 
 irritable man, lectio carminum (iracun- 
 dum) obleniat. Sen. de Ira, i, 9, init. 
 
 2. mulceo (poet.) : Iras m., Virg. 
 Cf. also placo, sedo, Ienio, mollio, mitigo 
 (v. to pacify, mollify, appease, al- 
 lay). Ill, To lull with pleasure : mul- 
 ceo, 2 : m. tigres (of Orpheus), Virg. : 
 to s. girls with song, puellas carmine 
 m., Hor. Od. i, 11, 20. Also delenio, 
 recanto, etc. : v. to charm, fascinate. 
 
 IV. To caress, flatter : q. v. Phr.: 
 to s. grief, sedatiouem moerendi afferre, 
 Cic. Tusc. i, 27, 65 : cf levationem 
 aegritudinum habere, ib. i, 49, 119: to 
 s. one's toils, flectere labores, Stat. S. 
 5, I, 120 : to s. cares with the lyre, curas 
 lyra attenuare, Ov. Tr. 4, i, 16 : to s. 
 pain, dolorem abstergere, Cic. 
 
 soothing (a'O)- I. Of medicine, 
 alleviating: mitig.itorius (rare), Plin. 
 28, 6, 17, 5 6j: but best expr. by verb 
 (v. to soothe). II, Of sound, softly- 
 subdued, submissus, plScIdus, lenis, etc. 
 Also of tvinning words: blandus, de- 
 lenificus, Plaut. 
 
 soothing (subs.) : mitigatio (rare), 
 sedatio, placatio, consolatio, Cic. : v, 
 alleviation, calming, appeasing, con- 
 solation : best expr., however, by verb 
 (v. to soothe). 
 
 soothingly : \. in a soothing 
 
 manner : expr. by adj. or subs. : v. 
 sofjTHiNG (adj. and subs.). ||. In a 
 winning way : blande, Cic. : Hor. : 
 blandlter, Plaut. 
 
 soothsayer : 1. augur, liris : v. 
 AUGUR. 2. auspex, icis: Hor. Od. j, 
 27, 8 : Cic. Att. 2, 7, 2. (For augur and 
 auspe.x, V. Diet. Ant. p. 174 : <A« augur 
 or auspex predicted future events from 
 the flight, singing, or feeding of birds.) 
 
 3. haruspex, icis, (who foretold the 
 future frorm the inspection of the en- 
 trails cf victims, whence the term also 
 of exstipex, Cic. Div. 2, 11, 26). A 
 feminine form, haruspica, occurs, PI. 
 Mil. I, 3,98 (hariolae atque haruspicae). 
 
 4. hariOlus (often joined with 
 haruspex, and = prophet, seer) : Cic. 
 N. D. I, 20, 55 : Plaut. : Ter. Abo a 
 fern, hariola, freq. in Plaut. : see also 
 fortune-teller. 5. sortilggus: v. 
 
 FORTLTJE-TELLEa 6. mgtOpOSCSpUS 
 
 or -OS, i (one who told fortunes by ex- 
 amining the forehead, a physiognomist) : 
 Suet. rit. 2 : Plin. i5, lo, 56, } 88 Other 
 words less precise are : conjector, con- 
 jectrix, divinus, saga (v. forttjnB- 
 tfxler) : viites, vatlcinator, etc. (v. 
 
 PROPHICT, PROPHETESS). TV) act OS a 
 
 s. : (1.) auguror, i : Cic Div. i, a, 72: 
 Tac : v. TO augur, predict. (ii.)
 
 SOOTHSAYING 
 
 SOUDIDNESS 
 
 S O H R E L 
 
 aiisplcor, i: Cic. N. D. 2, 4, ii : Llv. 
 
 J7. 16, fin. (iii.) hariolor, i (in a con- 
 temptuoua sense): Cic. Att. 8, 11, }. 
 
 soothsaying: 1, augural io (rare), 
 augiiriiim. aiispicliim : v. alglrv, di- 
 vination. 2. haruspiclria {sc. ars : 
 Vie art of divining by inspecting vic- 
 tims) : Cic. Div. 2, 2?, 50. 3. haru- 
 spicium : Cat, 90 (88), 2 : Plin. ■;, 56, 57, 
 4 205. 4. hari61atio (rare): Att. in 
 Cic. Div. I, ji, 66. 5. vatlcinatio: 
 
 ▼. PBOPHECV. 
 
 sooty : I. Full of soot : 1, fuli- 
 glnosus (rare), I'rud. a-re^. 10, 261. 
 2. fiimosus (less precise) : v. 
 BHOKT. II. Of colour, Ji/.c sooi; fuli- 
 ginSus: f. color, Arn. 7, 254: f. nubes, 
 Petr. 108, init. : see also black. 
 
 SOP (sul>s.) : I. That %1'kich U 
 
 steeped in a fluid : gen. of food : perh. 
 intrita, intrituni may serve: a wine s., 
 Intrita panis e vino (though this is more 
 properly a nuisk than a sop), Cels. }, iq: 
 of. intriium lacte confectum, App. M. 
 II, med. No exact word, however, to 
 express it in good authors ; may be 
 expr. by panis (or frustum, offa, etc. : 
 ■V. MoitsEL), vino, (or aqua, lacte, etc.), 
 madefactus, niadidus, perfusus, etc. 
 II. Anything given to pacifij : de- 
 ISnimentum : that a division 0/ terri- 
 tory should be offered them as a s. for 
 their feelings, d. animis agri divisionem 
 objici, Liv. 4, 51, )/i<!d. Pro v.: to throw 
 a s. to Cerberus, offam Cerbero objicere, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 420. 
 
 SOpMsni : (always in a contemptu- 
 ous sense, and hence = a fallacious 
 argument) : 1, captio, onis, /. : all 
 i.s of that kind are refuted in the sam^. 
 manner, onines istius generis c. eodem 
 modo refelluntur, Cic. Fat. ij, ;o: to 
 thatter s.s, discutere c, id. : to expose s.s, 
 explicare c, id. Also strengthened by 
 dialecticus : d. captiones, id. Fin. 2, 6, 
 17. Dimin., capiiuncula, Cic. Att. i?, 
 ■J : see also fallacy. 2. tavillatio; 
 Sen. pass. 3. sophisma, atis, n. 
 
 ( = a-6(j>i.(Tixa) : Sen. : Gell. 4. con- 
 cliisiuncula (o silly inference) : Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 24, 75. Ph r. : le.t us return to 
 the S.S of Chrysippus, ad C. laqueos re- 
 vertamur, Cic. Fat. 4, 7 : unless we shall 
 have shoiim tlies.s in the speech, nisi quid 
 in oratione vani .<;it docuerimus, Liv. : 
 to have recourse to s.s, cavillor, Cic. : to 
 explain s.s, captiosa (as neutr. subs.) 
 solvere, Cic Fin. 1, 7, 22. 
 
 sophist : I. -4 sophist by pro- 
 
 fession : sOphisles, ae ( =: o-o<|)i<m)<:) : 
 Protagoras, a very great s., Protagoras 
 8. vel maximus, Cic. N. D. i, 2;, 6j : 
 but used ironically, id. Acad. 2, 2?, 72. 
 II. Any fallacious reasoner : cavil- 
 lator: Sen. Kp. 102. ad med.: v. ca- 
 viller. P h r. : to play the s., cavillor, 
 Cic. : or by periphr. : ostentationis aut 
 quaestiis causa philosophari, Cic. Acad. 
 2, 2?, 72- 
 sophistic, \ 1. captiosus: .Toin.- 
 sophistical : f s- queslioiis, fallaces 
 et c. interrogationes, Cic. Acad. 2, x ;, 46. 
 2. cavillatrix (rare) : a s. inference, 
 c. conclusio, Quint. 7, ?, 14. 3. s6- 
 phisticus ( =: o-oi^io-TiKo? : late) : Gell. : 
 Arn. Phr. : s. arguments, disputa- 
 tionum laquei, Cic. de Or. i, 10, 45. 
 See also .soi-msM. 
 
 SOphisticallv : captiose (rare) : Cic. : 
 s6phistice (laie): Cod. Just. Better 
 expr. by cavillatoruni more, modo : cap- 
 tiosis verbis, etc. 
 
 sophistry : v. sophism. [SSphistice, 
 es, (= iTo<;)icrTiici7. sc. T€;(n)), only found 
 in App. I'ogni. Piat.] 
 sophisticate, sophisticated, etc. : 
 
 V. TO ADLI.TKRATK, Al)lI.TERATEl>, etc. 
 
 soporiferous. soporiferously : v. 
 
 SOPORIFIC. 
 
 soporific (<'<'j) ■■ 1. siipfirifer: the 
 s. poppy, s. papaver, Virg. Aen. 4, 486 : 
 Ov. : Plin. 2. sOporus (^sleip-bring- 
 ivg) : s. nox. Virg. : Lucan. 3. M>m- 
 nifer, somnificus (v. narcotic, adj.). 
 Phr.: a bough made s. by -ftygian in- 
 flugnce. ramus vi Stygia soporatus, V'irg. 
 Aen 5. 8;s . a cake rendered s. xrith 
 drugged grain, soporata medicatis fru- 
 
 gibus offa, ib. 6, 4J0. For to make s., 
 
 v. TO DltLG. 
 
 soporific (»«i«.) ; medlcamentum 
 somnlficum (a drug), Plin. 57, 10, 57 
 } 158. Or expr. by circuml. : v. opiate 
 throughout. 
 
 sopranist, soprano: v. tbeble- 
 
 SINliER, TREBLE. 
 
 sorb (or service-tree) : sorhus, i, 
 
 /. : Col. 5, 10, 19 : I'Uii. 16. 18, JO, } 74. 
 (*.Sorbus domeslica, Linn.) 
 
 sorb-apple (or service -berry) : 
 
 sorbum. i, n. : Plin. i;. 21, 2?, J 85 : 
 Virg. (i. J, 380. 
 
 sorb-tree : v. sorb. 
 
 sorcerer : 1. mSgus (= ^ayo? : 
 
 strictly, cme of the Persian Magi) : App. 
 Apol. p. 290. 2, incantator (late) : 
 Tert. : V. MAGICIAN. 3. venefTcus (one 
 who deals in potent drugs or spells) : 
 Cic. : Hor. : Ov. : see also poi.soner. 
 
 4. maiertcus (as subs. .- late) : Cod. 
 Just. 5. thCurgus (= 6tovpy6i, one 
 who summons spirits : lat/'):Aug. 6. 
 expr. by periphr. : e. g., artifex magi- 
 carum artium : qui magicas artes ad- 
 hibet, exercet. 
 
 sorceress : niaga, venefica, saga, 
 cantatrix : v. enchantbess. 
 
 sorcery : \, The art or practice 
 
 of sorcery ■ 1. fascTniitio, onis, /. (in 
 
 plur. : abeii-itching) .- Plin. 28, 2, 5, } 22. 
 
 2. effasrinatio, onis, /. (in plur.) : 
 
 id. 19. 4, 19 } 50: '<!• ii- 10. 54. i m;- 
 
 3. maleficiuni (inp?. : aJ. malefica): 
 Tac. A. 2, 69: App. 4. veneficium 
 (in pi.) : Ov. : Plin. : joined with can- 
 tiones (enchantments). Cic. Brut. 60, 217. 
 
 5. expr. by maglcus or magus, with 
 a subs. : magicae artes, Virg. Aen. 4, 49 ? : 
 magicae superslitiones. Tac. A. 12, 59: 
 magica sacra, Virg. E. 8, 66 : magae 
 artes, Ov. Am. I, 8, 5. 6. magia 
 (— liayeia) : App. Apol. p. 290. 7. 
 theiirgia (= deovpyCa, a summoning of 
 spirits : very late) : Aug. : also ars 
 theurgica, id. ||, The means em- 
 ployed in sorcery : 1, venenum : 
 Medea's cursed s.s, dira Medeae venena, 
 Hor. : Cic. : Ov. : by a kind of s., 
 quodam quasi v., Cic. Off. j, 19, 76. 
 
 2. devotio, onis, /. (usu. in pi. : 
 an incantation, devoting to perdition) : 
 Suet. Cal. J : Tac. A. 2, 69. For carmen, 
 vox, cantamen, cantio, incantamentum, 
 etc.. V. incantation, charm. Phr.: 
 to subject to s.s, fascino, effascino, de- 
 v6veo (v. to bewitch) : s.s,diri sacrorum 
 ritus, Tac. .\. 16, 8 : pertaining to s.s, 
 magicus. magus (v. supr., I. 5) : also 
 vgneficus : v. verba, Ov. M. 14, J65 : cf. 
 V. artes. Plin. }o, 2, 6, ^ 17. 
 
 sordid: I. Mean, niggardly : 1. 
 sordiiius (of mean, dirty ways) : s. ava- 
 rice, sordidus cupido (cupldo is always 
 masc. in Hor.), Hor. Od. 2, 16, 15: Plin.: 
 Quint. 2. restrictus (close) .- Cic. Off. 
 2, 18. 62. Cf. also parous, tCnax, avarus, 
 maligiius (v. niggardly). ||. Abject, 
 grovelling : 1. sordidus : .J o i n : s. 
 cares, humiles et s. curae, Plin. Ep. i, j, 
 J : s. gains, illiberales el s. quaestus, 
 Cic. Off. 1 . 42. I so : that most base and 
 s. of all men, i>te omnium turpissimus 
 et sordidissimus, Cic. Alt. 9, 9, ?. 2. 
 humilis. See also abject, grovelling, 
 mean, low. Phr. : as. mind, animus 
 depressus et quasi demersus in terram, 
 Cic. Sen. 21, 77 : also, animus pusillus, 
 id. Fam. 2, 17, 7 (v. paltry petty). 
 |||. Of birth: humble: q. v. |V. 
 Of dress : shabbily dressed : 1. sordT- 
 datus : Cic. : Ter. Plaut. 2. sordidus : 
 jmdom is often hidd'^n under a s. cloak, 
 saepe est etiam sub palliolo s. sapientia, 
 Caecil. in Cic. Fam. j, 2?, ;6. 3. ob- 
 sSletus: Cic. See also meanly, poorly. 
 Phr.: to have s. se7itiments, huniiliter 
 demisseque sentire, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24. 
 V. Of style in language : v. meagre 
 (II.). 
 
 sordidly : sordlde : illlbCrallter : 
 niisC'io: V. meanly, PO<iRLr. 
 
 sordidness: I. "eanness: 1. 
 sordes, ium./. : Cic. : Plin. : Hor. 2. 
 avaritia : Cic. 3. 'H'Wral'las; 'd. See 
 also meanness (ilirougliuut), niggard- 
 liness. II. haseness : q. v. |||, 
 
 Poverty (of language) : v. poverty 
 
 (11), MEAGRENKSIj. 
 
 sore (subs.) : 1. ulcus, 6ris, v. (in 
 gen. sense): CeLs. : Plin.: Lucr. : Virg.: 
 Hor. : the opening of a »., nlceris o«, 
 Virg. G. }, 454 (where loo vulnur is 
 used for ulcus, as also freq. in Cels. 5, 9, 
 26 and 28): cf. u. margiiies, Pliu. }o, i), 
 ?9, } 1 1 }. Dimin., ulcusculuin, CeU. : 
 Sen. : Plin. : full ofs.s, ulcerosus. Tac. A. 
 4, 57 : a breaking out into sj, ulcf ratio, 
 
 Plin. J4, II, 27, ^ 115 (v. ULCERATION). 
 
 Fig.: the sore (oj love) grous and festers 
 by feediruj it, u. (i. e., amor) vivescit et 
 inveterascit alendo, Lucr. 4, 1064 (1062^ ; 
 no matter which part of these you touch, 
 it vUl prove a s. (\. e., will turn out 
 absurd), quicquid borum attlgeris, u. 
 est, Cic. N. I). 1, ?7, 104. Pro v.- to 
 touch a s (i. e. touch on a delicate 
 subject), u. tangere, Ter. Ph. 4, 4, 9 : cf, 
 Ov. I'rist. 4, II, 6 J (rescindere vulnera 
 noli deque gravi duras ulcere tolle 
 manus),- and Cic. Agr. }, 2, 4 (refricare 
 obductam Jam reipublicae cicatrioem) . 
 sinily. recrudesce (to become a raw t. 
 again : fig.), id. Fam. 4, 6, 2. 2. in- 
 tertrigo, inis,/. (a s. caused by chafing: 
 inpl.): Plin. Also inmgo. Varr. 3. 
 mentagra (an eruption, tetter on the 
 chin) : Plin. Cf nientigo. osligo (an 
 eruption or scab on lambs). Col. : see 
 also eruption, scab. 4. fiirunculus, 
 v6mTca: v. Bf>ii_ 5. tistiila : Cels.: 
 Plin. 6. abscessus, ipostema, sup- 
 puratlo: v. ABSCESS. 7. carbunculus: 
 V. CARBUNCLE. 8. canccr, carcinoma, 
 pliagSdaena: v. cancer. 9. epinyctis, 
 idis, /. (= e7rin;(CTi?, a small s. that 
 comes in the night): Plin. 20, 2, 6. } 12. 
 Also = a s. in the corner of the eye 
 (called also syce = <rv<c^), id. 20, 6. 21, 
 544: and aegiloplum, aegllops, Plin.: 
 Cels. (X.B.— For eye-sore in tig. sense, 
 V. EYESORE.) Phr. : to dose a s., cica- 
 tricem inducere, Cels. : cicatricem con- 
 trahere, explere, Plin. (v. to cicatrize, 
 .s;ar); to open a s., scarificare, Plin. 
 (see also to lanck). For fig. sense of 
 so)e, see also distress, affliction, sob- 
 row, trouble : also supr. (1. 1). 
 
 sore (adj.): I, Lit.. Causing 
 
 pain : expr. by d61or, criiciatus. etc. (v. 
 painful, I. a.). Phr.: to make s., exul- 
 c6ro, Plin.: Cels.: see also to call: 
 a s. place (v. sork). ||. Peeling ;)atn, 
 attended with pain : expr. by ddleo, 
 condolesco, indOlesco(v. painful, 1. 6.): 
 that place is s. to touch, locus tactu in- 
 dolescit, Cels. 8, 9, 1, init.: such ulcers 
 are s. a long time, diu aolent talia ulcera, 
 Plin. Phr.: s.- (or blear-) eyrA, lippus, 
 Hor. : s. eye, lippus oculus, Plaut. : «. 
 mouth and gums, oris gingivarumque 
 ulceratio, Plin. ^, 11, 27, ^ 11; : s. lips, 
 labiorum ulcera, ib. : s. throat, fauces 
 scabrae, Plin. 27, 4, i, i 12: and perh. f. 
 exasperatae (based on fauces exasjierare, 
 Cels. I, j) : also f. exulceratae, id. 28. 
 9, J J. 129- III. F'g-: Sorely dis- 
 tressing (of disease, calamity, etc.); 
 gravis, durus, acerbus, etc. : v. grievous, 
 iiistbfj^sing, violent, painful (II.), 
 poignant. IV. Sensitive, touchy, iiri- 
 table : q. v. Phr.: to be s. on a i>oint, 
 aegro, graviter.molesteferre (with quod, 
 quia, si, etc.) : v. annoyed, to be. V. 
 Irksome, troublesctme, galling : q. v. 
 Phr.: fidl s. against my will J sent 
 him away from me, ego eum a me in- 
 vitissimiu diniisi, Cic Fam. i}, 6l, i. 
 
 . sorely: I*"" '^^^ meanings, v. 
 
 GRIEVOUSLY : ofteii best expr. by adj. 
 or x-eib: see also painfully. Phr.: 
 they mre s. put to it (i. e. they were in 
 the' last extremity), res illis ad triario6 
 rediit, Liv. (for which phr. see Diet, 
 Ant. p. 49?. a.). 
 
 soreness : I. ,}- ' <- = , c^uicf rsuo, 
 Cels. : in pL, PUn. luipr. also by d61or, 
 II, Fig.: poignancy, bUtemess: 
 q. V. 
 
 sorites (a logical conclusion drawr 
 
 from an accumulation of arguments): 
 
 1. sorites ( = <ru>p««TT)?) : Cic. Div 
 
 2,4.11: Sen. 2. acervus Cic Acad 
 
 2! 16.49: Hor. Ep. 2. 1,41. 
 
 sorrel («<*;■) ■■ of a yellowish or red
 
 SORREL 
 
 80RT 
 
 SORT 
 
 dish-brown colour: spadix, icis: o s. 
 hiOrrse, s. (equus), Virg. G. j, 82. See 
 also BAY [adj.), dcn (adj.). 
 
 sorrel (subs.) .- a plant : 1. lap- 
 atbiim and lapathus, /. (but m., I,ucii 
 
 In Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24) ^ AaTraSoi- or Aci- 
 iraBo'; (*Rumex Acetosella, Linn.), Plin. | 
 20, 21, 8?, J 2!i (which read throughout, 
 as various kinds of s. are there men- 
 tioned). 2. rumex, icis, /. : ib. : 
 (•Rumex Acetosella, Linn.). 3. oxys, 
 ^s, TO. ( = b^vi;, sharp : common uood- 
 «.); Plin. 27, 12. 89. } 112. (*Oxalis 
 Acetosella, or perh.. Ox. stricta. Linn.) 
 4. oxalis, idls ( = ofoAi's : garden- 
 «.); Plin. 20, 21, 85, } 2}i. (*Oxalis 
 Acetosella, Linn.). 
 
 -tree: * Andromeda Arborea, 
 
 Linn. 
 
 sorrily : v. meanly, abjectly, 
 
 POORLY, PirrABLY. 
 
 sorrow (subs.) : 1. dSlor. oris, to. 
 (most gen. term): v. grief. Phr. : to 
 my s., cum dolore meo : or e.\pr. by 
 verb : e. g. quod valde doleo, vehe- 
 meuter d., etc. 2. aegritud", inis. /; 
 (often used by Cic. in the more restricted 
 sense of s., though in Tusc. 4, 7, 16, he 
 treats it as a gen. term, including envy, 
 pity, despair, etc.) : to give oneself up 
 to s., aegr. se dedere, Tuse. j, 28, 71 : to 
 die of s., aegr. confici, ib. j, 12, 27: to 
 soothe and remove s., neex. lenire et tol- 
 iere, id. : aegr. leniorem facere, id. 3. 
 aegrinionia (rather rare) : / should ill 
 brook it, if there tvere occasion for fresh 
 S., ferrem graviter si novae aegr. locus 
 esset, Cic. Att. 12, }8, 2: Hor. ; Plaut. 
 
 4. maeror, oris, to. (usu. of out- 
 ward grief : Cic. defines it as aegritudo 
 lebilis, Tusc. 4, 8, 18): to be over- 
 whelmed ivith s., confici m., Cic. Fam. 
 14, }, I: to pine an ay i>i s. and tears, 
 m. et lacrimis consenescere. Cic. Clu. 5, 
 I}. 5. luctus, us, to. (prop. s. for 
 bereavement, hence also keen s. : Cic. in 
 Tusc. 4, 8, 18, defines it as, aegritudo ex 
 ejus, qui carus fuerit, interitu acerbo) : 
 but also opp. to voluptates, Cic. Fam. 
 14, 1, J. See also grief. 6, tristitia, 
 inaestitia: v. sadness. 7. acerbitas, 
 angor : v. distress, anouish. 8. de- 
 Siderium (s. for the absence or loss of 
 anything): v. regret. 9. poeni- 
 
 tentia: v. repentance, regret. 10. 
 cura, soUicitudo: v. anxiktv, trouble. 
 
 11, senium (rare in this sense) : 
 these things are for a trouble to me 
 and a s., hae res mihi dividiae et st-nio 
 sunt, PI. Stich. i, i, 19: the whole state 
 is ovenvhelm,e/l with s., tota civitas con- 
 fecta senio est, Cic. Mil. 8, 20. See also 
 MSTiiEss. (N.B. — For garments of s., 
 
 V. MunRNING, II.) 
 
 sorrow (i') ■ 1. doleo, ui, Itum, 
 2 : v. TO grieve (B.). 2, expr. by 
 dolor, maeror, luctus, etc., with a verb: 
 e. g. dolore affici, angi, Cic. : dolorem 
 capere, accipere, percipere, id.: in do- 
 lore esse, id. : in maerore, luctu versari, 
 jacere, id. 3, 'iigeo, xi, ctum, 2 : 
 maereo 2 : v. TO mourn. 4. indol- 
 esco, dolui, }: v. to grieve. 5. ^'on- 
 tristor, i (pass, of contristo) : the practi- 
 cally xuise man is not disturbed in 
 mind, nor s.s. nor fears, (prudens) non 
 perlurbatnr, nee contristatur, nee timet. 
 Sen. Ep. 85, 12. See also to lament. 
 
 sorrowful: I. Expressive of sor- 
 roiv ; 1, maestus : to ivear a s. and 
 distracted look, m. et conturbato vultu 
 nti, Auct. Her. 5. 15, 27 : Hor.: s. plaints, 
 m. questus, Virg. Join: m. ac solli- 
 citus, Hor. Someuhat s., submaeslus 
 (rare) : Amni. jo, i, init. 2, tristis, 
 e: V, SAD. 3, luctuosus (rare in this 
 sense): 1. Hesperiae, Hor. Od. j, 6, 8. 
 4. maerens, entis (like maestus): 
 «. weeping, m. fletus. Cic. : s., dejected, 
 distressed, m., dejectus, afiBictus, id. : 
 see also dejected. 5. lugubris, e : v. 
 MOURNFUL (IL), mourning [adj.). 6. 
 expr. also by a part, and si/6s. .• mae- 
 rore, luctu, aegritiidine afflictus, Cic. : 
 or by pres. part, of verb : v. to sorrow. 
 Phr.: as. broif and dotmcast look. 
 Irons laeta pariim et dejecto lumina 
 Tuitu, Virg. Am. 6, 862 : to be s., v. to 
 7'36 
 
 sorrow. To make s.: (1.) contristo, i : 
 this opinion made Balbus s., contristavit 
 haec sententia B., Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8, 
 9, ?. (2.) expr. by periphr. : e.g. mae- 
 stitiam inferre, Cic. : v. to sadden, 
 grieve (I.). ||. Causing s., fraught 
 with s. : luctuosus, acerbus, flebilis, 
 niiserabllis, lamentabllis, etc. : v. sad, 
 mournful, moving, grievous, lament- 
 able, wretched. 
 
 sorrowfully : maeste, fleblUter (v. 
 mournfully, sadly, plaintively) : 
 niisere, Biisgrabiliter, miserandum in 
 modura (v. deplorably, miserably). 
 
 sorry (adj.) .• |. Mournful, sad : 
 q. V. ||_ t'oor, paltry, good-for-no- 
 thing : q. V. 
 
 ) to be : I. To reptnt, re- 
 gret : 1, poenitet, uit, 2 (inipers. : gen. 
 with ace. of suJyect and gen. of object: 
 sometimes also with neutr. pron., infin., 
 or clause) : I urill say this, that I am not 
 s. for my advice respecting your stay, 
 hoc dicam, non poenitere me consilii de 
 tua mansione, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 8 : it is a 
 ivise wail's part to do nothing for which 
 lie may be s., sapientis est proprium, 
 nihil quod poenit«re possit, tacere, id. 
 Tusc. 5, 28, 81. (N.B.— Poiniteo is 
 rarely used with a personal suljject : 
 e. g. it is usual for him to be s. uhen he 
 has done something or other in a rage, 
 solet eum qunm aliqiiid furiose fecit 
 poenitere, Cic. Att. 8, 5, i.) 2. P'get, 
 uit, 2 (like poenitet in construction) : 
 / am not only s. for my folly, but 
 even ashamed of it, me non solum 
 piget stultitiae meae, sed etiam piidet, 
 Cic. Dom. II, 29 : his subsequent actions 
 lam uncertain whether I am the rather 
 ashamed or s. to discuss, postea quae 
 fecerit incertum babeo, pudeat magis an 
 pigeat disserere, Sail. .J. 9;, extr. \\, 
 To be annoyed, displeased : \, d61eo. 2 : 
 V. to grie\e (II.). 2. mbleste, grav- 
 iter, aegre fero, tuli, latum, j : v. an- 
 noyed, to be. III. Til pity : q. v. 
 Phr.: / am s. for it, noUem factum 
 (lit. / should have wished it not done), 
 Ter. Ad. 2, l, 11 : / vas s. to expel 
 Flaminius from the senate, invitus feci, 
 ut F. e senatu ojicerem, Cic. Sen. 12, 42. 
 
 sort (S"''s.) ; \. A kind, species: 1, 
 ggnus, eris, n. : v. kind (subs.), class 
 (subs.) : of this s., hujus g., Cic. ^ass. : 
 of that s., ejus g., istius g., id. : of the 
 same s., ejusdem g., id. : of all ss, om- 
 nium g., omnis g. (the latter more rare), 
 id. Ph r. : 0/ one s. simplex (v. single) : 
 of hybrid s., bigener : of' many s.s, mul- 
 tigenus, Lucr. : multigeneris, Plaut. : 
 multiplex, varius (v. VARIOUS, manifold): 
 of all s.s, oninigenus, Virg. : Lucr. : they 
 made of this kind of root a s. of bread, 
 id (genus radicis) ad similitudinem panis 
 eflSciebant, Caes. B. C. j, 48. 2. spec- 
 ies (a peculiar s.), forma, pars : v. 
 SPECIES. 3. expr. by talis, qualis, 
 
 qualiscunque, etc. (v. L. G. J 8j) ; no 
 one attempts anything of the s. tiithout 
 associates, sine sociis nemo quidquam 
 tale conatur, Cic : since he itas the s. of 
 man I see you are, quum talis esset qua- 
 lem te esse video, id. : you do not quite 
 know yet what s. of person I am, non 
 satis me pernosti etiam qualis sim, Ter. 
 Andr. 3, 2, 2J. Also, qui is sometimes 
 used for qualis ; what s. of a man and 
 liow great ! qui vir et quantus, Cic. Div. 
 
 1, 25, 52: cf. Virg. G. 1, J, quae cura 
 bourn, qui cultus habendo sit pecori, hinc 
 canere incipiam. Also quid (neut. absol.) 
 for qualis : uhat s.ofa uoman you have 
 
 for a wife, quid mulieris uxorera babes. 
 Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 21 : / nill explain to you 
 briefly what s.ofa fellow he is, exponam 
 vobis breviter quid hominis sit, Cic. Verr. 
 
 2, 54, IJ4: cf. id. Rose. Am. 46. 4. 
 e.\pr. by quidam, quasi : for i}isult has 
 a s. of sting ivhich gentlemen can with 
 the greatest difficulty brook, habet enim 
 quendam a>.uieum contumelia quern pati 
 viri boni difficillime possunt, Cic. Verr. 
 J. 41, 95 : for there teas in Cias.^us a 
 strange s. of bashfulness, fuit enim miri- 
 ficus quidam in Crasso pudor, id. de Or. 
 I, 26. 122: pUilosophji a s. of mother of 
 all approved arts, (philosophia) laudat- 
 
 arum omnium artium quasi parens, ib. 
 1, {• 9- 5. expr. by omnis : to seek ly 
 all s.s of entreaties, omnibus preeibus 
 pptere, Caes. B. G. 5, 6, nvil. : all s.s 
 ( = any s.) of vegetables, olus omne, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 5, 2. 6. expr. by neseio quid 
 (with gen. of subs.) : I have a s. of pre- 
 sentiment of evil, neseio quid mihi ani- 
 mus praesagit mali, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 7. 
 
 7. e.xpr. by is. . qui (foil, by subj.): 
 you are not the s. of man to be ignorant 
 of what you are, pon tu is es qui quid 
 sis nescias, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6. ||. 
 Rank (of persons): q. v. : in such phrr. 
 as, the common s. of people, plebs, plebe- 
 ciila, vulgus(v. commonalty, commons): 
 also expr. by qui tenuioris onlinis sunt, 
 Cic. Leg. J, I}, jo: the better s., optim- 
 ates, nobiles, etc. (v. nobility, bikth, 
 II.). Phr.: though a little before you 
 were of our s. (or kidney, coUoq.), qunm 
 fueris nostrae paulo ante farinae, Pers. 
 5, 115: cf. Suet. Aug. 4, fn. M i s- 
 cell.: as there are tivo species of kings 
 (queen-bees), so there are s.s among their 
 subjects, ut binae regum faiies, ita cor- 
 pora plebis; Virg. 6. 4, 95 : men of the 
 lotcest s., ultimae sortis homines. Suet. 
 Aug. 19 : men of all s.s, omnium ordin- 
 um homines, Cic. : }ie was an orator of 
 no ordinary s., ntpn fuit orator unus e 
 multis (eU fv iroAAois), id. Brut. 79, 
 274- III. Quality (of things): q. v.: 
 nota,/. (lit. mark on a wine-cask, e.g. 
 n. Falemi, Hor.) : honey of inferior s., 
 secundae n. mel. Col. 9, 15, extr. : of this 
 s. of bodies is air, ex hac n. corporum 
 est aer. Sen. y. N. 2, 2, extr. : certain kind- 
 nesses ai e not if this ordinary s., but sur 
 perior, quaedam beneficia non sunt ex 
 hac vulgari n., sed majora. Sen. Ben. j, 
 9, init. . cf. quisquis de meliore n., Cat. 66 
 (68), 28. Also expr. by primarius, se- 
 cundarius, Cic. [N.B. — Best s., expr. by 
 flos with gen. : v. Smith's Lai. Diet. s. v.] 
 IV, Manner, way, style : q. v. 
 Phr. : in like s., simili ratioiie, similiter 
 (v. sijiilably) : in different s., alia ra- 
 tione, aliter (v. otherwise) : after a s., 
 quodammodo, Cic. after the same «., 
 itidem, Cic. : Plaut. : after what s. f 
 quomodo (v. how) : in such s., sic, ita, 
 etc. (v. so, thus). V, liegree, extent: 
 q. V. Phr. : in such s. ( = to such an 
 extent), adeo, usque adeo, Cic. : in sueh 
 s. that, adeo ut, ita ut: v. so (VI.). 
 
 VI. Mis cell. Phr.: that's your 
 s. (coUoq.), eu, euge, etc. (v. bravo) : to 
 put out of s.s, turbo, perturbo, etc: e.g. 
 animum t., alvum t., Plin. (v. to de- 
 range, DISTURB, disconcert, UPSET) : tO 
 
 feel out of s.s, oflfensae (indisposition) 
 quid sentire, Cels. i, 6, med. (v. also in- 
 disposed, ILL, unwell : and for mental 
 sign., v. sad, sorrowful). 
 
 sort (^'•) : A. Trans. : 1. di- 
 gero, gessi, gestum, j : Cic. Inv. i, 30, 49 : 
 or, more fullj', d. in genera, id. de Or. 1, 
 42, 190 : v. TO arrange. 2. diribeo, 
 no perf., itum, 2 (prop, to separate or s. 
 the tablets when taken out of the ballot- 
 boxes) : till 75 tablets shall be s.'d on 
 your behalf, dum de te quinque et sep- 
 tuaginta tabellae diribeantur (al. diri- 
 mantur), Cic. Pis. 40, 96. To s. letters 
 (at the post-office), perh. best expr. by 
 *diribere epistolas, literas. 3. de- 
 scribo, scripsi, scriptum, j : v. to class. 
 
 4, compono, posui, positum, 3 ; to 
 s. and as it were connect your expres- 
 sions, c. et quasi coagmeiitare verba, 
 Cic. Brut. 17, 68. 5. ordino, i : o. 
 bibliothecam, Suet : cf. res in ordinem 
 redigere, adducere, Cic. : v. also to ar- 
 range, separate, discern, distinguish. 
 Phr.: the worthless cows must be s.'d, 
 rejieulae (vaccae) rejiciendae, Varr. 
 R. R. 2, 5, 17 : cf. oves minus idoneas 
 removere, id. : to s. pleasure itith the 
 class of goods, voluptat<?m nunierare in 
 bonis, Cic. (v. to ntjmber, reckon). 
 
 B. In trans.: |. To agree vyith : 
 consentio, eonsto, convenio (to be con- 
 sistent ivith, q. V. : V. also to agree, 
 IV.) : concordo, congruo, convenio (to 
 be in harmoni/ unth : v. to agree, VI.). 
 
 II, To associate, q. v. : fuor, con- 
 versor, tongrego. See also ill-matched.
 
 80RTA BLE 
 
 SOU T, 
 
 SOUND 
 
 BOrtable : qui, (quae. quod), digcri 
 etc. (v. TO souT, A.». potest Ksp. in 
 phr. X. crnntn/tditirf, *iiiercfs quae com- 
 mode digeri possunt (Altisw.). 
 
 sorter : perli. diribltor (a s. of the 
 tablets when tah:n out of the ballot- 
 boxes), Cic. Pis. 15, /in., inay serve gen. : 
 or expr. by qui, (quae, quod), with verb 
 (v. TO SOKT, A.). 
 
 sortie : 1. erupiio, onis, /. .- to 
 make a s. Jrom, the toum, ex oppido e. 
 facere, C!aes. B. <t. 2, Jj. 2. ixcuraio, 
 onis, /. ; to make frtnaent .«>■ ./ rom tlie 
 toum, crebras ex oppido e. lacere. id. 
 B. G.2, jo: Cic: Liv. Phr.: to niake 
 a $. (or sally), erunipf-re, Caes. pats. : 
 Liv. : V. sai.lv : impeturn iacere ex arce, 
 Liv. (Georg.) : bigiia extra vallum efferre, 
 id. (Georg.). 
 
 sorting {subs.) -. diribltio, 5nis, /. 
 (a s. of the tablets used in voting) : Cic. 
 Plane. 6, 14. 
 
 SOry (sulphate of iron) : sorj', yos, n. 
 ( = aCipv) : Plin. 14, 12, jo, $ 120. 
 
 sot: I. -An habitual drunkard: 
 potator, oris, to. ; PI. Men. 2, I, 14 : also 
 expr. by adjj., ebriosus, teraulentus (v. 
 DKUNK). II, A fool, dolt, blockhead, 
 q. v.: faiuus, caude.\, etc. I'tir. : you 
 indeed are a very ivife person, but he is 
 a mere s., tu, quantus (juantus, nihil 
 nisi sapientia es, ille somiiiuni. Ten Ad. 
 J, J, 41 : to be nicfcnanKrf a s.,*ebrietatis 
 infamiain subire (Georg.). 
 
 sottish : I. Drunken : ebriosus, 
 
 teniulemus (v. urcnk). ||. ."^'tupid: 
 stolidus, etc (v. STUPID). 
 
 SOttishly; expr. by adj. (v. sot- 
 tish). 
 
 sottishness : I. Addiction to 
 
 drink .- 1. ebriOsItas, alls, /. ; Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 12, 27. 2. vinolentia: Cic. 
 II. .'stupidity: q. v. 
 
 sough (««('.«. and verb : of the sigh- 
 ing of llie irind) : pi-rli. susurrus, mur- 
 mur : susurro, i, may serve : cf. aura 
 susurraniis veiiti, \'irg. Cul. 155 : y, also 
 biGH (subs, and verb). 
 
 soul : I. In tlie lowest sense, the 
 rrital principle : anima (i/n;x^ ■ ^'- i-if k) : 
 to breathe out tme's s. (i. e. to expire), a. 
 edere, agere, efflare, etc. (v. to exi'irk) : 
 V. also SPIRIT. IJ. The spiritual 
 
 principlr. of life, the immortal part in 
 man (\(ivxri) : animus (ppp. corpus) : 
 they uiwse s.s, scorning tlteir bodies, 
 escape by flying out, ii quorum aiiimi 
 spreiis corporibus evolant, Cic. Div. i, 
 50, 114 : the law shows that tlie s.s of all 
 nien, it is true, are immortal, but that 
 th/jse of the brave and the good paiiake 
 of deity, (lex) indicat omnium quidcm 
 a. iminortales esse, scd fortium bonor- 
 umque divinos, id. Leg. 2, 11, 27 : to be- 
 hece in lite immortality of the s., *cen- 
 sere animum semper permanere, censere 
 a. immortalem esse (Georg.). |||, The 
 t. as Hue rational faculty: J, ani- 
 mus (vov<; : opp. anima the principle of 
 animal life) : certain linvg things have 
 S., certain vital breath merely, quuedaiii 
 (aniniuntia) a. habent, quaedam tantum 
 animam. Sen. Kp. 58 : v. also mi.sd (I., 1). 
 2. anima (sumetimes for preced.): 
 the s.. partaker in reason and counsel, 
 a. ratioiiis consiliique particeps, Cic. 
 N. D. I, }i. 87 : vje give up to a master 
 bodies and s.s, domino corpora aniinas- 
 que addicimus, Petr. 117, med.: tlw 
 Druids want to inculcate the belief that 
 tjs do not perish, but migrate after death 
 from one txidy to another, hoc (Driiides) 
 volunt persuadere, nou interire aniraas, 
 sed ab alils post mortem transire ad 
 alios, Cat-s. B. G. 6, 14. 3. spiritus, 
 is, TO. ; a holy s. resides with in us, of 
 our ills and blessings an observer and 
 guardian, sacer intra nos s. sedet, mal- 
 oruni bdiiorunique nostrorum observator 
 et custoB, Sen. Ep. 41, init. (v. also con- 
 science) : I'hoebus hath given me s., 
 Phoebus the art of song, spiritum I', 
 mihi, P. artem carminis dedit. Hor. Od. 
 4, 6, 29. 4. mens, ingSniiim, etc. : v. 
 KIND, INTELLECT. Phr.: {men hare Said) 
 that bees have a portion if tlie dirine 
 nind and a s., esse apibus partem di- 
 vinae mentis et haustus aetherios, Virg. 
 
 G. 4. 220. IV. The s. as the seat of the 
 will <fr pactions, the enuitional faculty 
 (to (n^9v^^.rlTlK6l', flO»i<K): 1. ani- 
 mus: differmt s.s have a greater in- 
 clination for different vices, a. alius ad 
 alia vitia propenslur, Cic. Tu.sc. 4, J7, 81 
 he lias the first to paint the $. and 
 lielineate the feelings of men, primus a. 
 pinxil et sensus lioniinum expressit, 
 Plin. J5, 10, }6, 19, $ 98 : from tlie t. 
 ( = heartily), ex animo, Cic pass. : 
 quickened energy of s., vivida vis animi, 
 Lucr. I, 7} : the qualities of the s., bona 
 anImi, Cic pass. : the faculties (or ener- 
 gies) of the s., anImI partes, id. pass. : 
 a soaring or noble s., a. niagnus s. altus, 
 id. pass. Join: a. magnus elatusque 
 b\,imanasque res despiciens, id. : a. mag- 
 nns erectusque. id. : a. magnus et cx- 
 celsus, id. : a. magnus et fortis, id. (also 
 expr. by siibss.: anImi aUitudo s. mag- 
 niludo, id.: gravlta.s et altitudo animi, 
 id): a mean or grovelling s., a. parvus, 
 id. : a piisillu-s, id. : a. jejiinus vel an- 
 gustus, id. : a Itrave s., a. fortis s. ro- 
 bustus, id. (also expr. by subs. : aoimi 
 fortitudo, id.) : a disheartened s., a. de- 
 missus, id. Join: a. demissus et op- 
 pressus. Id. : a. fractus et demissus, id. : 
 a. demissus atqiie bumilis, id. : a candid 
 s.. Join: a. aperius et simplex, id.: a 
 calm s., a. tranquillus .">. aequus. Ov. : a 
 troubled s., a. perturbatus s. soUicitus s. 
 anxius, CSc. Vor full of s., v. inspired, 
 SPIRITED. [N.B. — When mens and ani- 
 mus occur together, animus expresses 
 the impetuosity and impulse, nie/is mure 
 of the habit and character of a man: 
 e. g. he applies his whole self to war, 
 heart and s., totus et mente et animo 
 bellum iusistit, Caes. B. G. 6, 5, init.} 
 .See also will. 2. pectus, oris, n.: 
 to love a friend with the uhole s., ami- 
 cum toto p. amare. Cic. Leg. i, 18, 49: 
 a candid s., apertum p., id. Am. 26, 97: 
 narroivne^s of s., angustiae pectoris, id. 
 Pis. II, 24: V. HEART (llf., 1). Some- 
 times also in poet., cor, praecordia, may 
 serve: v. heart, (III.. 3., 4). 3, spi- 
 ritus, Ss, TO. : inspired with divine s., s. 
 divino tartus. Liv. 5,22,7n«<f. : a general 
 of noble s., imperator generosi s., Plin. 
 8, 40, 61 , $ 149. Also in plur. : 
 Cm-iolanus bringing with him even 
 then an angry s., (Corlolanus) hostiles 
 jam turn s. gerens, Liv. 2, J5, /mst 
 med. Phr.: these (favours) will ever 
 be rooted in my innwst s.. haec mihi 
 semper erunt imis iiifixa medullis, 
 Ov. Tr. I, 5, 9 : thou who art at the 
 bottom of my s., qui mihi haeres in me- 
 dullis, Cic. Fam. i;, 16, 2. [Xote. — Siml 
 need not sometimes be expressed in 
 Latin : e. g., it pains my s., valde doleo 
 ali(iuid, gravissimeferoatiqiiid (Geore.l: 
 the image of my dear father came bifoie 
 my s., subiit can genitoris imago, Virp. 
 Aen. 2, 560.] V. -^ disemliodied 
 
 spirit, the s. after death : 1. anima : 
 th(/u reservest pious s.s in joyful aboiles, 
 tu pias laetis a. reponis sedibus, Hor. 
 Od. I, 10, 17: cf. Virg. Aen. j, 67: the 
 s. whidi is wont to wander when it has 
 quitted the body, a. quae relicto corpore 
 errare solet (based on Plin. 7. 52, 55, 
 5 174): cf. revocator aiiimarum, Ps. 
 yuint. Decl. 10, 19. 2. manes, ium, 
 m. plur. : Virg. : v. also GHOST. 3. 
 pii (absol. : seats of the blessed) : piorum 
 sedes, Cic. Phil. 14, 12, }l: cf. arva 
 piorum, Ov. M. 11, 62. VI. ^'i* 
 
 fundamental principle (of things) or 
 leading actor (of persons) : 1. funda- 
 mentum : dutifulness is the s. (or funda- 
 mental principle) of all virtues, pietas f. 
 est omnium virtutum. Cic. Plane. 12, 
 29: cf. f. justitiae est fides, id. Off. I, 7, 
 2 J. 2, vis (V. FORCt:, L, !.)• all the 
 s of friendship, omnis v. amicitiae, id. 
 Am. 4, 15: that divine s. and energy of 
 Vie orator, v. ilia divina vlrtusque ora- 
 toris, id. de Or. 2, 27, 120. 3. mM- 
 ulla (lit. m^rroiv : very rare): the s. (or 
 marrmv) of persuasion, suadae m.. Cic. 
 Br. i;. 59. 4. auctur (of persons): 
 Cic. pas.<:. .1 o i n : he was the s. of the 
 enterprise, dux, a , actor rerum geren- 
 darum fuit (based on Cic Sest. 28, 61) 
 
 Also caput, priuceps, v. leader, hkab 
 (Vil.). Phr.: Hampsic/ra being the 
 s. of that affair, maxime earn rem moli- 
 ente Hampeicora, Liv. 2 J, }2. VII. 
 A human being, pers'/n : L ciput; 
 ills, n. : of the citizens there were num- 
 l/ered 14J.704 SJ, censa sunt civium 
 capita centum quadraginta tria niillia 
 sepiingeiita quatuor, Liv. 15. 9, init.: 
 V. also PERSON (L, 2). 2. anima (in 
 pi.) : noble S.S., egregiae a., Vint. Aen. 
 
 11, 24: Hor. S. I, ?, 41 : lac. H. 4, J2. 
 
 3. nemo (not a s.) : because for the 
 last seven months not a f. lias set foot 
 in this liouse, quia septem menses sunt 
 qnum in hasce aedes pedem nemo intro 
 tetulit, PI. Most. 2, 2, 59. .S'ot a single »., 
 nemo <;innium, Cic: n. tminlum mor- 
 taliura, id.; n. quisquam, Ter. : n. unos, 
 Cic. I' li r. : not a t. survived, baud 
 ullum superfuit animal (Georg.). VIII. 
 As a term of endearment : my s., my 
 heart : 1, animus : salve, anime 
 mi, PI. Cure. I, 2, }. 2. animulus 
 (like preci^d.): mi animule. Id. Ca.s. i, 
 46. Cf. nieum cor. Id. Poen. i, 2, 154: 
 oorculum, id. Cas. 4, 4, i;. |X. 
 
 As a term of praise or pity (eoUoq.) : 
 expr. by homo with adj.: a worthy s. 
 douhtlesf, probum scilicet homineni (ace. 
 of eXi:lamation), Ter.: good lionrst tj, 
 judging others from their own nature, 
 homines antiqui qui ceteros ex sua na- 
 tura Hngerpnt, Cic. U. Am. 9, 26. Or 
 may l)e expr. by adj. simply. See also 
 supr. (VI 1.. 2), POOR (IV.). 
 
 Sonl's Day, All: *animarum om- 
 nium dies festUS. 
 
 soulless : v. FAnfXHEARTED, COW- 
 ABtil.V, SPIRITLESS. 
 
 sound (fi narrow or shallow sea): 
 fretuni. angustiae (v. strait) : but perh. 
 most precisely expr. by *ex patenti 
 utrinque coactum in aiigusiias mara 
 (Georg.). 
 
 sound (a kind of cuttle-fish) : lOUgt^ 
 sepia (v. ctrrrLE-FisH). 
 
 sound {the air-blailder of a Jlth)t 
 * vesica ualatoria (that serves to suntn 
 vntli). Georg. : or perh. vesica, simply, 
 may serve. 
 
 sound (a kind oi probe, in surgery): 
 specillum : Cic. N. D. j, 22, 57 : Cela. 7, 
 8: v. also PROBE, catheter. 
 
 sound (subs.) : 1. sonus (gen. term): 
 the timbrels clamoured JiHIh hoarse ss, 
 tympana raucis obstrepuere s., Ov. BI. 
 4, J91 : cf. s. tubae, Caes. B. G. 7, 4'7: 
 the s. of oars, remorum s., Lucan j. $41 : 
 the s. of bloics, verberum s.. Sen. in 
 Here. Oet 1002 : diversity of s.s, variolas 
 sonorum, Cic N. D. 2, 58, 146 : also, 
 varii soni, id. Leg. 2, 15, j8:/n>m the 
 sharpest (or highest trebW) s. to the 
 deepest (or lotvest bass) s., ab acutissimo 
 s. ad gravissimum s.. Id. de Or. i, 59, 
 251 : an harmonious «., concors s., Ov. 
 M. ;, 664 : luirsliness of s., asperitas soni, 
 Tac. G. J : a soft s., lenis s., Plin. 16, j j, 
 6?, } 155: cf. miti lenia verba soiio, 
 Tibull. I, 8. 2 : a soft (or sweet) s., dulcia 
 s., Cic. : Hor. Join: clear sj,i. dis- 
 tincti et pressi, Cic N. I). 2, 59, 140. 
 For s.s in music v. note (subs.. V.), 
 MEASURE (."tubs., V.) To gire forth s., a. 
 dari-, Virg. G. i, 8j : s. reddere, Hor. 
 A. P. J48: 8. edere, Ov. F. i. 4:4: s. 
 efficere, lundere, Cic : to drawfurih sj, 
 s. elicere, id. N. D. 2, 60, I;o (v. also TO 
 SOUND, A.). Fig.: to utter empty sj, 
 inanes 8. fundere, Cic. fuse. 5, 2^, 7J. 
 [Also used of style, In Cie. Brut. 26. 100, 
 unus s. est totius oratioiils.j 2. son- 
 itus, us, m. (gen. term) the s. of arms, 
 s. amiorum, Lucr. 2, 48 : the s. of oars, 
 s. rcnioniin, Cae.s. B. G. 7. 60: the s. of 
 feet, s. jieduni, Ov M. ;, 616: the s. of 
 snorers, s. stertentiuni, Plin. 9, 10, 11, 
 Ij \i>: to give finth a s., s. reddere, Cic 
 Tusc. 1,40. 96. Fig.: the empty s. of 
 words, verborum s. inanis. Id. de Or. i, 
 
 12, 51: cf. virliorum Inaniiim crepitus, 
 Sen. Ep. 12 J, med. 3. »onor. Oris, m. 
 ffor sonitus .ind sonus): Lucr. i, 64J 
 (6j8') : Virg. Aon. 7, 462 : I'ae. A. i. 65 : 
 musical s.s, uielici sonores. Lucr. 5, ^{4 
 (but in Cic, melici ::= lyi-ical). 4. 
 cautus, lis, in. : the t. of trumpets.
 
 SOUND 
 
 SOUND 
 
 SOUND 
 
 c. buccinari'm, Cic. Mur. 9, 22: cf. c. 
 tubaruui, Liv. 25, 24, post init.: the s. 
 oj the lute, c. citbarae, Hor. Od. i, 1, 20: 
 
 V. also SONG (1., 1), MUSIC (il.)i STRAIN. 
 
 5. vox, vGcis, /'. (gen., but not al- 
 ■ways, of the human voice) : harmony of 
 t.s, Concordia vccum, Col. 12, 2, mtd. : 
 s. is nothing else but disturbed air, vox 
 nihil aliud est quam ictus aer, Sen. Q. N. 
 2, 29 : the s. of cymbaU is heard, cym- 
 balum (gen. plur.) sonat v.. Cat. 61 (6j), 
 21 : the seven distinctions of s.s, septeni 
 discrimina vociini, Virg. Aen. 6, 646: 
 V. also TONE, TUNE. Fig.: to pour forth 
 empty s.s, voces inanes fundere, Cic. 
 Tusc. J, 18, 42: v. also VOICE. 6. 
 t6nus ( =; t6i/o!, the s. or t<me of an 
 instrument: v. tone, tune): Vitr. 5, 
 
 4, ad med. : Macr. Soran. Scip. 2, i, 
 post med. [For strepitus (a confused 
 din), stridor (a liarsh grating), crepitus 
 (a crackling or rattling), iremitus (a 
 deep roaring noise), clamor, convlcium 
 (^shouting), v. noise : for fragor (a harsh 
 noise), v. crash: v. also clang, clank, 
 
 JINGLE, DIN, MURMUR, HUM, ROAR.] 
 
 Miscell. : a melodious s., canor (v. 
 60NG, I., 7) : also of the martial s. of the 
 trumpet (Martius aeris rauci canor), 
 Virg. U. 4, ']i : cf. aes canorum, id. Aen. 
 9, 501 (joj) : full of s., rich in s., can- 
 orus, etc. (v. sonorous) : to dance to the 
 «.s of the flute, (lit, of the flute-player), 
 ad tibiclnis modos saltare, Liv. 7, 2, post 
 itiit. (v. STRAIN) : or, ad tibicinem, sim- 
 ply, Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 62 : id. Agr. 2, ^4, 
 9J: to sing to the s. of the lyre, niovere 
 ora vocalia ad citharam, Ov. M. 5, 3J2: 
 cf. ad buccinam, Varr. K. R. j, i},init.: 
 ad classicum, Suet. Vit. 11, init. : at the 
 s. of the trumpet, tuba praecinente, Flor. 
 2, 16, med. : flutes giving forth melod- 
 ious s.s, modulate canentes tibiae, Cic. 
 .N. D. 2, 8, 2£. [N.B. — Strepitus even 
 IS used of « measured, regular s. : e. g., 
 s. citharae, Hor. Ep. I, 2, n : s. testu- 
 dinis, id. Od. 4, j, 18.] Inarticidate s. 
 of the voice, inexplanata lingua, Plin. 1 1, 
 i'l, 6;, { 174 : vowels which form one s., 
 (i. €. diphthongs), vocales quae in unum 
 sonum coalescunt, Quint. 1, 7, post med. : 
 an audible s., sonus qui potest percipi 
 auribus (based on Cic. Or. 2, 8, quod ne- 
 que oculis, neque auribus, neque ullo 
 sensu percipi potest) : cf. vox sensibilis 
 auditui, Vitr. 5, },post med. 
 
 sound (w): A. Trans.: |. 
 To cause to make a noise : 1, inflo, 1 
 (to bloiv into) : to s. the trumpet, i. buc- 
 cinam (based on Ov. M. i, 540, buccina 
 inflata) cf. i. classica, Virg. G. 2, 5J9: 
 i. calamos leves, Virg. (v. to blow, B., 
 II-)- 2. cano, c6cini, cantum, } : c. 
 fldibus, tibiis (v. to plat, IV.). Esp. 
 as a military term : (i.) to s. the signal 
 for battle, bellicum c, Cic. Mur. 14, jo : 
 s'lgna c. Sail J. 99 : also canere, absol. .- 
 e. g., tubicen c. coepit, Hirt. B. Afr. 82. 
 Slmly. dare signum is used : dat signum 
 specula Misenus ab alta aere cavo, Virg. 
 Aen. J, 259: esp. signo dato, Caes. : Cic: 
 Sail, (ii.) to s. a retreat, receptui c, 
 Liv. 27, 47. Fig.: revocante et re- 
 ceptui canente senatu, Cic. Phil. 12, j, 
 8 : cf. id. Tusc. 5,15, }}. Also, receptus 
 c. : (buccina) cecinit Jussos inflata re- 
 ceptus, Ov. M. I, j-^o. Simly. dare sig- 
 num receptui, Liv. 2, 62, is used. 3. 
 occano, ui, j (rare : to blow, s. a wind- 
 instrument) : then Sentius gave the 
 order to s. the trumpets, turn Sentius oc- 
 canere corniia jussit, Tac. A. 2, 81. 
 4. cimclaiiio, I : to s. to arms, c. ad 
 arma, Liv. j, 50, post med. : to s. a 
 march, vasa c. (ellipt. for c, ut vasa col- 
 ligantur), Caes. B. C. i, 66. 5. crfipo, 
 ui, itum, I : thrice s.'d the Muses favour- 
 ing noises with their hands, (Camenae) 
 manibus faustos ter crepuere sonos. 
 Prop. 4, 9 (?, 10), 4: to s. (or make to 
 chink) small gold aiins, c. aureolos. Mart. 
 
 5, 19, 14: ct. c. procul auxiliantia aera, 
 Stat. Th. 6, 680. Miscell.: to s. the 
 lute, cithara personare, Virg. Aen. i, 
 'J41 : to s. the various notes with the 
 fingers and an ivory quill, discrimina 
 yocum digitis et pectine ebumo pulsare, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 647 : cf. lyram percutere, 
 
 178 
 
 Ov. Am. i, 12, 40: cymbala quatere, 
 Virg. G. 4, 64 (v. to STRIKE) : to .«. 
 chords and Jiutes, nervorum elicere 
 sonos ac tibiarum, Cic. N. I). 2, 60, 150: 
 to s. a bell, * tintinnabulum pulsare 
 (Ainsw.) : to s. a syllable sharply, sylla- 
 bam acutam excitare. Quint, 12, 10, jj 
 (v. also TO pronounce). ||. To s. or 
 celebrate one's praises : cano, canto, 
 celebro, concfilebro, sono (v. to cele- 
 brate, I.). Phr. : you promise that 
 you wUl s. (the praises of) my good 
 name, pollicerls te buccinatorem fore 
 existiniationis meae, Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 2 : 
 
 V. TO TRUMPET, BOAST. 
 
 III. To test the depth (e. g., of water) : 
 perh. *perpendiculo mare imum s. va- 
 dum tentare ; * perpendiculo uti : or 
 * catapirate (so Forcell. : but v. I. cata- 
 prorate) uti, cf. Isid. Or. 19, 4: *ad per- 
 pendiculum exigere (based on Cic. Verr. 
 I, 51, ijj, ad perp. columnas exigere): 
 to s. a river, vadum fluminis tentare, 
 Caes. B. C. I, 83 : cf. vadum fiuminis ex- 
 periri, Plin. 8, 5, 5, ^12. Fig. : tentare 
 vadum (to make a Jirst attempt), Ov. 
 A. A. 1, 4J7: also, to «. ( = to tamper 
 u>ith), tentare: e.g., animos servorum 
 spe et metu t, Cic. Clu. 6}, 176 (v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. tento, II., 2); 
 v.also TO TEMPT, TAMPER WITH. Phr.: 
 do you not know that I have s.'d him in 
 everything (lit. fished everything out 
 of him) >■ nescis me ab illo omnia ex- 
 piscatum ? Cic. Fam. 9, 19, i : / pre- 
 titnded this that I might s. your inclina- 
 tions, ea gratia simulavi vos ut pertent- 
 arem, Ter. Andr. J, 4, 9 : / should like 
 you to s. that guest of yours, velim odo- 
 rere istum convivam tuum degustes, 
 Cic. Att. 4, 8 (b), 4 : V. also to examine, 
 search, PROBE. B. I n trans. : To 
 emit a s.: 1. s6no, ui, itum, l : s. 
 fides, aera, plectra. Prop. 5 (4), 7, 62: 
 tympana sonuerunt, Caes. B. C. 3. 105, 
 fin. : to s. bass, treble, graviter, acute s., 
 Cic. Rep. 6, 18 (5), 18. Itarely with a 
 pers. a^c. : nor does his voice s. like that 
 of a man, nee vox hominem s., Virg. 
 Aen. I, J28. Comps. : persono, resono, 
 consSno, circumsOno (v. to resound). 
 
 2. cano, cecini, cantum, j : sud- 
 denly the (trumpet-) signals s.'d in the 
 rear, repente a tergo signa canere. Sail. 
 J. 94, ad fin. : cf. classicum c, Liv. 28, 
 2"], fin. Also impers. : if a retreat had 
 not been s.'d, nisi receptui cecinisset, id. 
 26, 44, ad med. : cf. id. i, 22, post med. 
 
 3. concino, cinui, } (to s. together) : 
 the horns and trumpets s.'d together, 
 cornua ac tubae concinuere, Tac. A. 1, 
 68: cf. Liv. JO, 5, post init., ubi signa 
 concinuissent. 4. strepo, ui. 3 (usu. 
 of a hoarse s.) : rauco strepuerunt cor- 
 nua cantu, Virg. Aen. 8, 2 : litui s., Hor. 
 Od. 2, I, 18: s. omnis murniure campus, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 709. Veiy rarely of mj«i- 
 cal s.s : e. g. mons tibiarum cantu tym- 
 panorumque sonitu s., Plin. ;, i, 1,'} 7. 
 
 6. expr. by sonum s. sonitum effic- 
 ere, reddere, edere (v. sound, subs., 1, 2). 
 Phr.: this S.S tvell, but, ete., honesta 
 oratio, sed, etc., Cic. Phil. 8,4, ij : cf. Ter. 
 Andr. i, i, 114: that which s.s ill, quod 
 aures respuunt, Cic. Part Or. 5, i;: 
 Quint. II, I, 61 (p. 276, Bipont. Kd.) : 
 it s.'d too grand to be true, plus in ora- 
 tione t;ill dignitatis quam fidei erat, 
 Tac. A. I, II, med. : a thing which s.s 
 strange, mirabile dictu, Virg. G. 2, }0: 
 it s.s oddly, absonum est (Ainsw.) : 
 the pot S.S ill, maligne respondet fide- 
 lia, Pers. s, 21 : it s.s like a lie, fidei 
 absonum est, based on Liv. i, 15, ad 
 fin. 
 
 sound (a^y.) : I, In good condi- 
 tion : 1, sauus : a s. part of tlie body, 
 s. pars corporis, Cic. Sest. 65, 155: Hor. 
 Join: s. recteque valens. Hor. Ep. 1, 
 16, 21 : s. ac robustus. Quint. 2, 10, 6. 
 Fig. : s. {opp. insanus), Cic. Tusc. j, 5, 
 1 1 : a man of not very s. mind, male s., 
 id. Att. 9, 15, 5 : OS. mind in a s. body, 
 mens s. in corpore s,, Juv. 10, J56 : to be 
 of scarcely s. mind, vix sanae mentis 
 esse, Liv. 32, 2i,exir. Phr.: ofs.mind, 
 compos mentis, Cic. Phil. 2, }8, 97 : cf. 
 compos animi, Ter. Ad. i, 2, 12. Join: 
 
 sanus mentisque potens, Ov. Tr. 2, 139: 
 V. also sane. 2, saiubris, e (for ibe 
 forms saluber and saiubris, v. Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. : sound, healthy) : a race, 
 of men of s. body, genus hominum s. 
 corpore. Sail. J. 17, med. : s. corpora, 
 Liv. I, }i, med. : Tac. H. 5, 6 : Mart. 10, 
 47.6. 3. Tobustus: V. strong. Join: 
 s. eloquence, solida atque r. eloquentia. 
 Quint. 10, 1, 2 : s. courage, r. et stabilis 
 fortitudo, Cic. Tusc. 4, 2?, 51. 4. val- 
 idus : but not yet s. enough after dis- 
 ease, necdum ex morbo satis v., Liv. j, 
 I ?, post init. : cf. si ut spero te v. videro, 
 Cic. Fam. 16, 4, j ; cf. v. male filius, 
 Hor. S. 2, 5, 45 : v. also healthy, well 
 (adj.). 5. valens (like validus) : the 
 doctor distinctly affirms that you wiU 
 shortly be s. (or in s. health), medicus 
 plane confirmat propediem te v. fore, 
 Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2. Join: tirmus ac v., 
 ib. 16, 8, 2 : robustus et v., id. Agr. 2, 
 ji, 84. 6. sincerus (uninjured): s. 
 body, s. corpus, Ov. M. 12, icxs: s. limbs, 
 s. membra, Lucr. J, 717 : s. pigs, s. porci, 
 PI. Men. 2, 2, 16: a s. vessel, s. vas, 
 Hor. S. I, }, 56 : v. also genuine. 7. 
 incorruptus (undenayed): s. wood, i. lig- 
 num, Plin. 16, 5, 8, $ 22 ; s. timber, i. 
 materia, id. ij, 16, jo, $ loi. g. salvus 
 (safe and s., uninjured): I have so be- 
 haved, Quirites, that ye were all pro- 
 served safe and s., ita me gessi, Quiritea, 
 ut omnes s. conservaremini, Cic. Cat. j, 
 10, 25 : is the seal safe and s. (i. e. 
 unbroken)? s. signum est? PI. Am.,2, 2, 
 14} : ct. s. epistola (opp. conscissa), Cic. 
 Fam. 7, 25, I. J o i n : to lecul an army 
 a/:ross safe and s., s. atque inculumeir 
 exercitum transduceie, Caes. B. C. 2, }2 
 ad fin. : cf. s. et incolumes, Cic. Inv. 2 
 56, 169: s. et sospes, PI. Capt. 4, 2, 9J 
 9. integer (unimpaired) : s. health, 
 
 1. valetudo, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 64. Join: 
 to want to be s., i. se salvumque velle, 
 ib. 2, II, jj : to be s. in all respects, 
 omnibus rebus i. incolumemque esse, id. 
 Fam. I J, 4, J: v. unimpaired. 10. 
 incoliimis, e (like preced.) : v. supr. (8) ; 
 V. also safe. U. sospes, itis (like 
 preced.) ; they restored them safe and s. 
 to their fatherland, s. in patriam re- 
 stituere, Liv. 2, 49, med. Join: s. in- 
 columisque (Caesar), Plin. Pan. 67, med. 
 Phr.: a s. constitution, flrma corporis 
 constitutio, Metrodorus In Cic. Off. j, jj, 
 117 : cf. corpus bene constitulum et ex- 
 
 I pluratum (a paraphrase of the preceding 
 I passage), id. Tusc. 2, 6, 17 : in s. health, 
 I Optimo habitu, Cic. Coel. 24, 59 : to enjoy 
 s.er health, tideliusconstantiusque valere, 
 Gell. 17, 12, med.: he enjoyed such s. 
 health, tania prosperltate usus est vale- 
 tudinis, Nep. Att. 21, init. (v. also con- 
 stitution, health) : a s. (or truslivorthy) 
 ship, probum navigium.Cic. Acad. 2, ji, 
 100 (v. also COMPACT, adj.) : cf idonea 
 navis, Ulp. Dig. 19, 2, i}: simly., a s. 
 wall, idoneus paries, Paul. Dig. 39, 2, }6 ; 
 to setid one away safe and s., iutactum 
 aliquem inviolatunique dimittere, Liv. 
 
 2, 12, ad/«. (v. UNINJURED, unhurt): 
 to preserve safe and s., sospitare pro- 
 geniem, Liv. i, 16, med.: supposing the 
 ivalls or roif are quite s., si nihil est in 
 parietibus aut in tecto vitii, Cic. Fam. 9, 
 1;, 5: as. state of affairs, bonae res, Cic. : 
 Plaut. (v. GOOD, a^lj. : prosperous) : to 
 consider s., probate, Cic. : Caes. [For 
 not s., V. UNSOUND : and for to make s., 
 
 6<;C07m:S., V.SOUND, TO MAKE: SOUND, TO 
 
 become.] S. health, sanitas (v. health, 
 I.). II, Severe, laid mi with force (ot 
 a. beating) : Phr.: to give one a s. beat- 
 ing, male aliquem mulcare clavis ac 
 fustibus, Cic. Verr. 4, 45, 94 : cf. ver- 
 beribus m., Tac. A. i, }2 (v. also TO 
 CUDGEL) : cf. plagis irrigatus, PI. Epid. 
 I, 2, 18: to give a s. cudgelling, dolare 
 fuste, Hor. S. i, 5, 2?: I fear that he 
 will give me a s. flogging (lit., that he 
 will make his elm-twigs stick to me like 
 parasites), metuo ne ulmos parasites 
 facial, PI. Epid. 2, ?, 6 : I shall get at. 
 thrashing through it, istaec in me cude- 
 tur faba, Ter. Eun. 2, j, 90: cf. vehe- 
 menter vapulare, PI. Cure. 4, 4, 12: to 
 give one a s. rating, graviter increpare
 
 SOUNDLY 
 
 SO IT B 
 
 SOURCE 
 
 quempiam, Plin. 17, i, i, } j: cf. pra- 
 Tibus probris increpare, Liv. ij, 4;, vud. 
 III. Of sleep, tUxp.profuund; 1. 
 altus : s. sleep, a. soninus, Hor. S. 2, 1, 8 . 
 a. sopor, Virg. Aen. 8, 27. 2. arlus 
 (arctus) : o s.er sleep, arctior somiius, 
 Cic Rep. 6, 10, 10. I'hr. : overpouered 
 by s. sleep, prcssus gravitate soporis, 
 Ov. M. 1 5, 21. IV, Of learning, deep, 
 profound, tliorough: 1. altus: tAe s.«t 
 learning, allissinia eruditio, I'lin. Kp. 4, 
 JO, init. : cf. altiores artcs, Quint. 3, j, 
 2: V. PROFOUND. 2. exquisUus : as. 
 judgment of letters, e. judicium lit<'- 
 rarum, Cic. Off. i, j'j, i jj • pliilosojihers 
 of the greatest laleyits atid s. learning, 
 lummis ingeniis cxquisitaque doctrina 
 philosophl, id. Fin. i, 1, i: v. also 
 STUDIED, REKiNKD. 3. accuralus: V. 
 KLABORATK. Join: a s.er stijle of 
 speaking, accuratius et e.xquisitius di- 
 cendi genus, Cic. Brut. 82, 28!. Phr. : 
 to have a s. Knowledge of Latin, bene 
 Latine scire (based on Cic. Caecin. 19, 
 55): cf. 'in IjUtinis Uteris multuni versa- 
 tura esse (Georg.) : a s. scholar, (homo) 
 perfecte planeque eruditus, Cic. Brut. 81, 
 J82: cf. absolute ductus, Suet. Ur. 4: 
 he tL-as considered a s. scholar, excultus 
 doctrina putabatur, Cic. Tusc. i, 4, 4 : a 
 s. geometrician, in geometria perfectus, 
 Cic. Fin. i, 6, 20: a s. lawyer, juris pc- 
 ritus. id. pass. : cf. in jure paraiissimus, 
 id. Brut. H), 14; (which Tac. A. 4, 58, 
 expresses by, cui legum peritia). V. 
 Of arguments, weighty, conclusive, q. v. : 
 gravis : v. conci.lsive. Phr.: s. argu- 
 ments, argumenta firnia ad probanduni, 
 id 78, 2';2 : s. opinimts, sententiae quae 
 stabilitatis aliquid hal)eant, id. Tusc. ;, 
 JO, 8; : to have a s. plea, habere excusa- 
 tionem legitiniam, Cic. I'hil. 5, 5, 14 : 
 cf. justa excusatio (v. EXCnSK, subs.) : 
 if their complaints were s. ( = well- 
 founded), si vera essent quae quere- 
 veiuur, Liv. : / do not s«e sufficiently 
 s. reason for, etc., nihil satis firmi 
 video quamobrem, etc., Ter. Heaut. 
 i, i, 96- VI. ^'O'lid- "'** defective: 
 ratus : s. ivills, r. (ppp. rupta) testamenta, 
 Cic. de Or. i, j8, 17? : v. also valid, im- 
 PARTiAi,. VII. h^ounded in truth, 
 
 orthodox : perh. verus, certus. For «. 
 doctrine, v. orthodox. Miscell. : s. 
 facts, probae res (cjpp. leves sententiae), 
 Cic. Or. 51, 170 : a s. juilyment (or deci- 
 sion), judicium sincerum, ib. 8, 25 (v. 
 ;iiN<:i:Ri;) : but s. (= mature) judgment, 
 judicium firmum, id. : v. mature {aiij.). 
 Bipe; s. sense, mens bona. Sen, Ep. 10, 
 post med. VIII. Of style, correct, q. v. : 
 salubris : whateeer is witty or s. in spexh, 
 quicquid est salsum aut s. in oraUone, 
 Cic. Or. 26, 90. 
 
 soundly: I. Accurately, thm-ough- 
 ly, q. v. : diligenter, subtiliter. Phr.: 
 to examine s., penitus perspicere, Cic. : 
 to learn s., perdiscere, id. : to argue s., 
 accurate et exquisite disputare, id. ||. 
 Se\<erely, q. v. P h r. : t'j beat s., male 
 (aliquem) niulcare clavis ac fustibus, 
 Cic. Verr. 4. 4;, 94: to rale s., gra- 
 viter increpare quempiam (v. sound, 
 culj., II.) III. Deeply, profoundly {of 
 sleep) : arete (arte) : to sleep very s., 
 areiius dormire, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14. 
 Join: arete et graviter dormire, id. 
 Div. 1,28, 59. Phr.: to sleep s., dormne 
 altum, Juv. I, 17: I was sleeping mirre 
 s. than usual, me artior quam solebat 
 somnus coniplexus est, Cic. Rep. 6, 10, 
 10. Other meniiings may be expr. by 
 adjj. (v. SOUND, atlj). 
 
 soundness : j. ffealth of body : 
 1. sanilas, atis, /. : while the cure 
 is coming to s., ad s. dum venit curatio, 
 Phaedr. 5. 7, 12 : v. health. 2. in- 
 tegritas, atis,./". .- s. of body, i. corporis, 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 40: cf. i. valetudinis, id. 
 Tusc. ;, J4, 99. 3. sinccritas (rare in 
 this sense) ; s. corporis, Val. Max. 2, 6, 3, 
 med. 4. salftbrilas, atis,/. : these re- 
 medies cause s., haec remedia s. faciunt, 
 Col. 6, 4, 2 : s. q/" bodies, s. corporum, 
 Tac. A. 2, J?. II. Health of mind: 
 Banitas, atis,/.; s. of mind, s. animi or 
 8an:tas absol., Cic. pass. Phr.: mentis 
 ratio perfecta (opp. corporis integritas), 
 
 id. Fin. 5, 14, 40 : expr. al.so by atlj. and 
 subs. (v. SOUND, atlj. I.). III. Of wood, 
 firmness : 1. tirmitas, iills. /. : s. of 
 timl>er, f. materiae, dun. Or expr. by 
 adj. : e. g., incorrupta materia (v. sound, 
 adj., I., 7). 2. spissitas, iitis,/. : $. of 
 oalc, s. quercds, Vitr. 2, 9. |V. Of 
 arguments, weight, q. v. ; gravltas, atis, 
 / ; s. of opinions, sententianim g., Cic. : 
 V. also CREDiBiLiTv. But best expr. by 
 atlj. (v. SOUND, adj., V), credible, re- 
 liable. V. Of doctrine, orthodoxy, 
 q. V. VI. Of mental qualifications, 
 profoundness, q. v. : v. also depth, IV., 
 SOUND (adj., IV.). VII. Of style, cor- 
 7-ectness, purity, q. v. : 1, integritas, 
 atis,/. (rare): s. of tlie Latin language, 
 i. Latini sermonis, Cic. Brut. J5, i ?2. 
 2. sanitas. atis, /. : s. (opp. imbe- 
 cillitji.s), Quint. 12, 10, IJ: s. of eloquence, 
 s. eloquentiae, Tac. Or. 25, med. Join : 
 s, et Integritas (oralionis), Cic. Brut. 82, 
 284. 3. semio purus: Auct. Her. 4, 
 12, 17. VIII. J" '^^^ valulity, q. v. 
 Or expr. by adj. : v. SOUND (adj., VI.). 
 
 sound, to be : O'f health), valeo, etc. : 
 v. health, 3 (i.). For other meanings, 
 the verb sum and adj. will sufiflce (v. 
 SOUND, adj.). 
 
 . to become : (of health), valesco, 
 
 convfilesco (lit. and lig.), Cic. r v. to re- 
 covKR (intrans.), to heal. For other 
 meanings, the verb fio and adj. will 
 suffice (v. sijvsn, adj.). 
 
 . to make: 1. sano, i (to 
 
 make healthy) : v. to heal. 2. re- 
 f iclo, J : in.stauro, i : v. to repair, re- 
 stoke. Or expr. by reddere, facere, etc , 
 with adj. (v. .sound, adj.). 3. solldo, 
 I (to make wlwle) : to make fractured 
 bones s., fracta ossa s., Plin. 28, 16, 65, 
 i 227. 
 
 sounding (adj.) -. v. sonorous. 
 
 sounding (subs)-, naval term: in 
 phr,, to take s.s, expr. by vnft (v. to 
 sound, a.. 111,). 
 
 sounding-lead : catapirates, ae, TO. ; 
 Isid. Or. 19. 4 (liut 1'. I. cataprorates). 
 
 soup : jQs. Ju'is. n. : hot s., j. fervens, 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2 : s. 11 armed up again, 
 j. hestemum, Ter. Kun. 5, 4, 17 : v. also 
 
 BROTH. 
 
 soup-ladle: perh. truUa, Hgilla (v. 
 ladle). 
 
 sour ("•) •■ I. L i t. : to make acid, 
 acorem facere. Col. j, 21, nud.: may 
 also be expr. by facere, efflcere, with adj. 
 (v. SOUR [adj.], 1.) : v. also to curdle, 
 to TURN. II, Fig.: to irritate, q. v.: 
 1. acerbo, i : to s. (or embitter) joys, 
 a. gaudia, Stat. Th. 12, 75. 2. px- 
 iicerbo, i : v. to embitter (2.). I'hr.: 
 a temper thoroughly s.'d, animus exul- 
 ceratus, Cic. Deiut. j, 8: Liv. 9, 14. ud 
 med. : old age s.s me more and more, 
 amariurem me senectus facit, Cic. Att. 
 
 14. 2«. J- 
 
 sour ("<y.) •■ I. -Vo< sneet : 1. ilci- 
 dus very s. vinegar, acidissitnum acei uin, 
 I'l. I's. 2, 4, 49: s. milk, a. lac, Plin. 28, 
 9. j6, J u; : V. acid (adj.). Of smell, 
 X. breath, a. halitus, id. jo, 4, 9, } 27. 
 .'^irmenhat s., iii-idulus, subacidus (v. 
 sourish). 2. acerbus (opp. suavis) : 
 a s. pear, a. pirum, Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 
 fin. : I'haedr. 4, J, 4 : very s., peracerbus : 
 (I giape very s. (or harsh) to the taste, 
 uva pi-iacerba gustatu, Cic. Sen. 15, 5}. 
 (N. li — Acerbus is «. because unripe; 
 acidiisU s. though ripe.) 3. acer(op/>. 
 mollis : biting, sluirp) : very s. vinegar, 
 acetum acerrimum, Cels. 4, 4, j, med. : 
 a s. stomach (i. e. full of sourness), a. 
 stomachus, Hor. S. 2, 4, 59. J o i n : to 
 mix s. victuals with sweet, dulcibus cibis 
 acres acutos<iue miscere, I'lin. Ep. 7, j, 
 extr. : very s., pSraoer : very s. vinegar, 
 peracre acetum. PI. B:ic. j, j, 1. 4. 
 aiutus: V. «((/);■. (3) ; shahp. 5. aus- 
 terus : «. wine. a. vinuni, Cels. j, 24, ad 
 Jin.: V. harsh (II,), tart (adj.). 6. 
 amarus ('ji7ter : o;)p. dulcis): v. BrrrKR. 
 7. tristis (rare in lit. sense) : fruits 
 of s. favour, poma sapore t., Ov. Tr. 4, 
 6, 12. 8. imniitis, e (not mellow): s. 
 grape, i. uva, Hor. Od. 2, 5, 10: v. UN- 
 KiPE, \\. Crabbed, peevish. ([. v.: \, 
 acerbus : for there may go forth s. (or 
 
 crabbed)fell<nv$ from the school of Zeno, 
 posse enim acerbos e Zenonis echoia 
 exire, Cic. N. I), j, ji, 77: to put on t. 
 lijiiks, vultus a. sumere, Ov. Tr. 5. 8, 17 
 (v. also K) FHOWN) : cf. vultus severior 
 et tristlor, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289. 2. 
 amarus: v. ill-tkmperkd. (For 8.-?cot- 
 ing, torvuis, tetricus will serve: v. kob- 
 bidding, i-cowLiXG.) Ph f. : he looks at 
 s. as a crab, illi caperat (it tviinkled) 
 frons severitudine, I'l. Kpid. 5, i, j : s. 
 wine, vappa, J'lin. : Hor.: wines likely 
 to turn «., vina peccatura. Pall. 11, 14, 
 ad med. Special Phr: (i.) tu be s., 
 iceo, ui, 2 (of wine). Cato R. R. 148 : or 
 expr by saporem acerbum, etc. (v. supr.) 
 habere : or, acerbo, etc (v.tupr.) sapore 
 esse, (ii.) to turn or liecume s. : (J.) 
 a esco, acui, j : whatever you pour in 
 turns s., quodeunque infundis a,, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 2, 54 : Plin. 20, 14. 5J, $147. (2,) 
 coiicesco, acui, j : as not every nine, to 
 not every age turns »., ut non omne 
 vinuni, sic non omnis aetas c, Cic. Sen. 
 18, 65. (3.) Inacesco, acui, j: milk 
 which you may want to turn s., (lac) 
 quod velis 1., I'lin, 28, 9, j6, } IJ5. (4.) 
 exacesco,icui, j ■ the fig turns «„e. ficus. 
 Col. 12, 17. I. 
 
 source: I. Eit., : in gen. sense: 
 
 1. Ions, fontis, m. : to drink of th* 
 .\ik at its s., Nilum a fonte bibere, 
 Lucan 10, J9 : the .\'ile rising from un- 
 known S.S, Nilus incertis onus fontibus, 
 Plin, 5, 9. 10, 5 ;i : v. fountain, spring. 
 
 2. origo, inis, /. (rare in lit. sense) , 
 tlie yile which conceals tlie s.s of its 
 fountains, fontium qui celat origines 
 Nilus, Hor. Od. 4, 14, 45. 3. ciput, 
 itis, n. : the supply of moisture all cun- 
 gregates at rirer's s.s, (materies humoris) 
 ad caput amnibus onniis convenit, Lucr. 
 5, 270: Liv. J7, 18, med.: the Rhine 
 near its s. makes two lakes, Rhenus 
 prope a capite duos lacus efficit, Mela j, 
 2, ad fin.: cf. c. aquae, Vitr. 8, i, ad 
 fin. Phr,: the Jlosa taJces its s. in 
 Mount \'ogesus, Mosa profluit ex monle 
 Vogeso, Caes. B. G. 4, 10 : a rirer tak- 
 ing its s. in Mount Taurus, flumen 
 Tauro defluens. Sail, in fragm. ap. Prise 
 lib. 6, p. 680: cf. Ganges in Scythicis 
 montibus na.scitur, I'lin. 6, 18, 22, ^ 65: 
 ex palude nascitur aninis, id, j6, 26, 
 65, § 190: Rhenus oritur ex Jycpontiis, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, lo: tite .\ile having its s. 
 in a lake, Nilus e lacii profusus, Plin. 
 5, 9, 10, j 52: cf. amnis profusus Pin- 
 daio monte, id. 5, jo, jj, } 126. ||. 
 Fig.: in gen. sense: 1, fons, fontis 
 7(1. : all tliese flowed from the same s , 
 haec omnia ex eodem f. fluxerunt, Cic. 
 N. D. J, 19, 48: the s. and origin of 
 motion, fons, principium movendl, id. 
 Rep. 6, 25, 27 : to seek for the origin of 
 law itself from the s., ipsius Juris ortum 
 a f. repetere, id. Leg. 1,6, 20: to opett 
 up the s.s of philosophy, philosophiae 
 fontes aperire, id. Tusc. i, j, 6. Also of 
 persons : from him the s. and head, ab 
 illo f. et capite, id. de Or. i, 10, 42 : thou 
 s. of iniquity, f. vitii et pyerjuri, PI. 
 True. 2, 7, 51. 2. firigo, inis.^. : Me 
 s. of all virtues, o. omnium virtutum, 
 Cic". Fin. 4, 7,17: V. also origin. Join: 
 Cilicia, the s. of the tear, Cilicia o. et 
 fons Ixlli, Flor. j, 6, post med. 3. 
 principium: v. origin. Join: sound 
 sense is the s. of writing correctly, scri- 
 bendi recte sapere est et p, et fons, Hor. 
 .\. 1'. J09. 4. caput. His, «,; to fetch 
 
 from the s. what we may UHjnt, and to 
 'see nhence all things flow, a capite quod 
 velimus arcessere. et unde omnia man- 
 ant videre, Cic, de Or. 2, 27, 117 : if any 
 {scandal) shall go abroad iciOiout a 
 hwm-n s., siquid sine c manabit, id. 
 Plane, 2J. i7 : V. also supr. (II,. 1). 
 
 5. matiries, materia : s. of all Hit, 
 materies ominum malorum. Sail, C. 
 10 : V. also occasion (subs.), caitse. 
 
 6. prOfectio, onis. /. ( = a<f>opij.rj : 
 very rare) : let the s. of the money itself 
 be looked for, p. ips'ius pecuniae re- 
 qulratur, Cic. Clu, ;o, 82: v. rksocrce, 
 
 7. stirps, stirpis./. : the f. of virtue, 
 8. virtulis, Cia Coel. '}i, 79: cf. s, super- 
 stitionis. id. Dlv. 2, 72, 149, Join: 
 
 779
 
 sou R-DOC K 
 
 SOVEREIGN 
 
 SOW 
 
 the t. of all mischiefs, s. ac semen mal- 
 orum omnium, id. Cat. i, 12, 30. 
 Expr. also by mater, parens, genfitrix 
 Jv. MOTHER, II.). Special Phr. : (i.) 
 to be the s. of, e.xpr. by gigno, creo, 
 pario, etc. (v. to beget). Or expr. by 
 circuml. : that victory uas the fruitful 
 $. of the bitterest grief, acerbissimo luctu 
 redundabat ista victoria, Cic. Lig. 5, 15 : 
 these uere the s.s of my fame, ab his 
 fontibus profluxi ad hominum famam, 
 CSc. Coel. ?, 6. (ii.) to have, take its 
 t. in, expr. by orior, prSflciscor, etc. 
 (v. to originate): emano, mano (v. 
 
 TO EMANATE [II.], TO PltOCEED FROM). 
 
 Mi see 11.: you hear of our misfor- 
 tunes sooner than I do, for you are 
 close to the s., de malis nostris tu 
 prius audis quam ego, istinc enim man- 
 ant, Cic. Ati. T, 21, I- so that I uas 
 surprised, so long a period of wretched- 
 ness had not dried up the s.s of his tears. 
 ut mirarer eas (lacrimas) tarn diutuma 
 miseria non exaruisse, ib. 10, 14, i. 
 
 sour-dock : v. sorrel. 
 
 sourish: 1. acldtUas: autumn 
 pears of a pleasantly s. flavmr, pira 
 autuninalia a. sapore Jucunda, Plin. 15, 
 15, 16, $ 54. 2. subacidiis: s. imne, 
 8. vinum, Cato R. R. 108, 2. For fig. 
 sense, paulum with adj. will serve (v. 
 SOUK, II.). 
 
 sour-kroat (or crout) : P^h. *bras- 
 slca cuncisa et aceto saleque condita. 
 
 sourly: v. bittfrlt. 
 
 sourness : I. Of taste : 1. 
 acor, oris, m. : Quint. 9, }, 27. 2. 
 3cerbltas, atis,/. (the s. of unripe fruits) : 
 Plin. 15, 14. i;, } 52. 3. acerbitudo, 
 inis, /. ( = preced.). 4. additas, 
 
 atis, /. : Marc. Emp. 5. austeritas, 
 atis,./. : s. '/ u-ine, a. vini, Plin. 14, 2, 4, 
 ^ 24. See also bitterness (I.). Or 
 expr. by sapor with adj. (v. sour). 
 II. Fig. : of the disposition: 1. 
 acerbltas : the s. and savageiiess of his 
 natural temper, a. morum immanitas- 
 que naturae, Cic. Phi]. 12, 11, 26 : v. ill- 
 temper. 2. amaritfido, asperltas : 
 V. bitterness. 3. morositas, sto- 
 mSchus: V. peevishness. Or expr. by 
 adj. (V. soLR, II.) Phr.: s. of look, 
 torvitas vultus. Tac. R 2, 9, fin. : v. 
 sullenne-ss, scowl. 
 
 sour-tempered : v- sock (adj. II.). 
 
 souse: I. To plunge into water : 
 mergo, etc. (v. to plunge, A., I). ||. 
 To steep in pickle : Phr. : to s. elecam- 
 pane, iiiulani condire muriaque macer- 
 are. Col. 12, 46, extr. : cf. in aceto ac 
 muria condire, Plin. 14, 19, 2J, ^ 119. 
 
 south (subs.) : 1. lueridies, ei, m. .- 
 towards the s., ad m., Cic. N. D. 2, 19: 
 Aegypt lies on (or in) the s., a meridie 
 Aegyplus objacet, Tac. H. 5, 6 : to face 
 the s., ad m. spectare, Caes. B. G. 5, 13 . 
 cf. vergere in meridiem, Liv. J7, 31, extr. 
 
 2. meridianum, i, n. : Veil. 2, 126, 
 med. Also in pi. : in the s. of India, in 
 meridianis Indiae, Plin. "j, 2, 2, $ 24. 
 
 3. auster, tri, m. : in tlie regions of 
 the rurrth or s.. in aquilonis austrive par- 
 tibus, Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 22. Also in pi. : 
 toivards the s., in austros, Pliu. 2, 9, 6, 
 } 45. Also expr. by pars s. plaga meri- 
 diana : regio australis (v. southern). 
 
 south (adj.), southern : 1. meri- 
 
 dianus ; the s.part of the world, m. pars 
 orbis (opp. septentrionalis), \'^arr. R. R. i. 
 2,4: «. region, ni. plaga, Plin. 2, 11. 8, 
 $ 50 (v. also SOUTH, subs.). 2. meri- 
 dialis, e : as. wind, m. ventus (al. meri- 
 dionalis), Gell. 2, 22, ad med. : a s. tem- 
 perature, m. temperatura, Tert. Anim. 
 25. 3. australis. e: the s. region, a. 
 regio, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 50: the s. pole, 
 a. polus, Ov. M. 2, IJ2. 4. austrinus: 
 the s. heats, a. calores, 7irg. G. 2, 271 : 
 the s. climate, a. coelum, Plin. 16, 26, 46, 
 J 109 : v. also SOUTK-POLE (2). Also as 
 neutr. plur. subs. : the s. parts of Cyprus, 
 austrinaCypri, id. 6, J4, J9, } 2i}. 
 
 southerly : having a s. aspect, ad 
 meridiem versus, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 4: 
 slmly., ad meridiem spc-ctans will serve: 
 the Jidd has a s. aspect, ager special ad 
 meridianam coeli partem, Varr. R. E. i, 
 •3. init. 
 
 780 
 
 south-east: Phr.: to lie S.E., 
 
 * inter meridiem et solis ortum spectare 
 (Georg.), based on Caes. B. G. i, i, extr. 
 (spectiire inter occasum solis et septen- 
 triones) : <w or from, the .S'.£., aboriente 
 hibemo, Sen. y. N. 5, 16, med. : cf. ab 
 oriente bnimali, Plin. 2, 47, 46, J 119. 
 The .S'. i-;. wind, (1.) eur6n6tus, i, m. 
 (= eiipofoTos) : inter eurum et notum 
 e., id. 2, 47, 46, 5 120. (2.) eurus, i, m. 
 (= eSpos) : Col. II, 2, 65 : Sen. y. N. 5, 
 16. In plur. : Virg. G. 2, 339- [In poet, 
 also the east wind, in gen. sense : Ov. Tr. 
 
 I, 2, 27.] (3.) vulturnus: Plin. 2, 47, 
 46, ^ 119, where also occurs phoenlcias, 
 the S.S.i:. wind. (4.) euroauster, tri, m. : 
 Isid. Or. u, II. 6. 
 
 — -easterly : * inter meridiem et 
 solis ortum spectans : v. south-east. 
 
 pole : 1. polus australis ; 
 
 Ov. M. 2, IJ2. 2. polus austrinus: 
 Plin. 5, 9, to, $ 56. Also, vertex aus- 
 trinus, id. 2, 68, 68, 5 172. 3, austro- 
 noti us (very rare) : Isid. Or. j, J2. 4. 
 mgridianus axis (rare) : Vitr. 6, i, post 
 init.: Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, extr. 
 
 -wards : ad s. in meridiem : v. 
 
 SOUTH (subs.), SOUTHERLY. 
 
 west: Phr.: to lie S.W., 
 
 * inter occasum solis et meridiem spec- 
 tare, based on Caes. B. G. I, i, extr. 
 (spectare inter occasum solis et septen- 
 triones) : on or from the S. W., ab occasu 
 brumali, Plin. 2, 47, 46, $119: cf ab oc- 
 cidente hiberno. Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, extr. • 
 the S.W. uind, Africus: Plin. 2, 47, 46, 
 ^ 119: Sen. y. N. 5, 16, post init.: Virg. 
 Aeu. I, 86 : called also libs, Plin. 1. c. 
 The S.S.n'. wind, (1.) austroafricus, 
 Isid. Or. I J, II, 7. (2.) subvesperus : 
 Vitr. 1, 6. post med. (3.) libonotos : 
 inter meridiem et hibemum occidentera 
 libonoton, Plin. 2, 47, 46, $ 120. 
 
 wind : 1. auster, tri, m. : 
 
 Cic. : Virg. : Hor. ; Ov. Phr.; austrinus 
 flatus, Pliu. 17. 2, 2, 5 11: the day on 
 ivhich the s. blows, dies austrinus. Col. 
 
 II, 2, J7 : the s. -bringing pole, austrifer 
 vertex, Sil. 12, 2 2. nfiius and notos, 
 i, TO. (= i/oTo?) : Virg. : Ov. ; Hor. 
 
 southern-wood: perh- abrotonum 
 campestre (v. Smith's 1-at. Diet. s. v. 
 abrotonum) : * Artemisia abrotonum, 
 Linn. : wine prepared from s., abr6- 
 tonites, ae (— o^poroi'tTTjs, sc. olros). 
 Col. 12, 35- 
 
 souvenir : v. keep-sake. 
 
 sovereign (an English coin) : aureus 
 numus (worth about il. is. lid. present 
 money, but in Rome, ace. to the relative 
 value of gold and silver, worth only about 
 I7S. Zid. : V. Smith's Diet. Ant. p. 182) : 
 Plin. J5, ?, 1?, ^ 47: Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 20. 
 
 sovereign (subs. : a supreme ruler) : 
 1. princeps, ipis, c. : liere mayest 
 thou love to be called sire and s., hie 
 ames dici pater atque p., Hor. Od. i, 2, 
 50: Ov. : Tac.: v. emperor. 2. rex, 
 regJna ; v. king, queen. 3, tjTannus : 
 v. MONARCH. 4. doniinus (rare in this 
 sense) : the Roman people, conqueror 
 and s. of the world. P. R., d. atque victor 
 omnium gentium, Cic. Plane. 4, 11 ; v. 
 also DFj~poT. 5. dominator, oris, m. : 
 dod, the s. of the worhi, d. rerum(l)eus), 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 4. 6. regnator, oris, 
 m. : s. of Olympus supreme, r. sumnii 
 Olympi, Virg. Aen. 7, 558 : cf. r. omnium 
 deus, Tac. G. 39. 7. expr. by potens, 
 with gen. of subs, (poet.) : the goddess, 
 s. of Cyprus, diva p. Cypri, Hor. Od. i, 3, 
 I : cf. sil varum p. Diana, id. Carm. Sec. i : 
 rerum omnium p. Jupiter, Tac. H. 4, 84, 
 extr. (S.B.— Not p. imperii s. regni, 
 \sh.:^ able to command.) Special Phr.: 
 (i.) a s. : quem penes omnium surama 
 rerum, based on Cic. Rep. i, 26, 42 (v. 
 monarchical): cui rerum summa po- 
 testas, Virg. Aen. 10, 100 : ad quem 
 unum omnis potentia collata est (based 
 on Tac. H. i, i, init., omnem potentiam 
 ad unum conferri pacis). (ii.) to be s. : 
 may be expr. by dominari, regnarc (v. to 
 REIGN) : or by circuml. : e. g., imperii 
 summam tenere. Caes. B. G. 2, 2!. (iii.) 
 to make s. ; Cingetorix was made s., 
 Cingetorigi principatus atque iniperium 
 est traditum, id. B. G. 6, 8 : cf. Caesari 
 
 M. Antonium regnum detulisse, Cic. 
 Phil. 2, J4, 87 : sibi regnum clvitatis 
 deferre, Caes. B. G. 5, 6 : regnum alicui 
 permittere, Hor. S. i, 3, 113: exercitus 
 summam imperii ad eum deferre, Nep. 
 Hannib. 3, init. (iv.) to become s., po- 
 tiri rerum (v. sovereignti). 
 
 sovereign (adj.): |. supreme or 
 independent, q. v. ; as. prince or people, 
 perh. * rex s. populus sui juris (Georg.) ; 
 v. also sovereign (subs.). For s. power, 
 v.sovEREiGNxr. ||. InJtuenlioZ.power- 
 ful, q. v. Ill, Effectual (of medical 
 remedies), q. v. : valens. praesens, potens 
 (v. also powerful). Phr.: to be of s. 
 efficacy, eximie prodesse, Plin. 29, 6, j8, 
 5 126: tohave a s. corUemptfor, plane s. 
 valde s. vehementer contemnere, Cic. 
 
 sovereignty : 1. principatus, us, 
 
 m. : I\'erva combined elements formerly 
 incompatible, s. and freedom, N. res 
 olim dissociabiles miscuit, p. et liber- 
 tatem, Tac. Agr. 3, init. : to obtain s., 
 ad p. pervenire, Nep. Cim. 2, init. : Plin. 
 7, 8. 6, 5 46. 2. regnum : what 
 
 military power, what magistracy, what 
 s. can be belter f quod imperiura, qui 
 magistratus, quod r. potest esse prae- 
 stantius? Cic. Rep. i, 17, 28: to aspire 
 to s., regnum aflectare, l^iv. i, 46, post 
 init. : condemned on the charge of 
 aspiring to s., damnatus crimine regni, 
 Ov. F. 6. 189: cf. r. appetere, Cic Sen. 
 16, 56 : to seize upon s., r. occupare, id. 
 Am. 12,40. Join: to be under one's 
 s., in alicujus regno ac ditione esse, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 27, 60. 3. tyraunis. idis, 
 
 /. ; V. tyran-ni. 4. dominatio, dfim- 
 inatus (in bad sense, opp. libertas), 
 Cic. pass. 5. summa imperii : to hold 
 the s., imperii summam tenere, Caes. B. G. 
 2, 23 : cf. omnium s. rerum, Cic. Rep. i, 
 26, 42. 6. imperium (prop, of mili- 
 tary authority ; v. authority, I., 4) : 
 the s. of tfte koman people, populi Ro- 
 man! i.. Caes. pass. : Cic. pass. : to fight 
 foi- s., de i. dimicare, Cic. Off. i, 12, 38. 
 Join: to come under tite s. of the Bo- 
 man people, sub populi Romani i. di- 
 tionemque cadere, id. Font, i, 12. Also, 
 summum i., id. Rep. 2, ;, 10. 7. ditio, 
 potestas: v. power (III.). Phr.: to 
 obtain the s., potiri rerum, Nep. Att. 9, 
 fin. : the s. of the world, arbitrium orbis 
 terrarum. Suet. Caes. 7 : cf. niox rei 
 Romanae arbitrium tribus ferme et 
 viginli (annis) obtinuit, Tac. A. 6, 51 
 
 (57)- 
 
 %Qf}j (a female pig") : 1. scrofa (a 
 breedings.) : tlie s. should feed tier ouii 
 pigs, s. suos alat oportet porcos, Varr. 
 R. R. 2. i^.post med. : .Juv. 6, 171. 2. 
 porca: Cato R. R. 1J4. Also fiorcus fe- 
 niina, ib. 3. siis, suis, c. (but usu./em. 
 in poet.) : a s. loith pigs, s. praegnans, 
 Varr. R. R. 2, 4, jtost med. .- this xcay 
 rushes a muddy s., hac lutulenta ruit s., 
 Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 75. 4. apra (a wild s.) : 
 Plin. in Prise, p. 698 P. 
 
 sow-bread: perh. cyclaminos, i,/., 
 may serve; Plin. 25, 9, 67, $ 114: *Cy- 
 clamen hederaefolium, Linn. 
 
 -bug : dniscus or -os, i, n. 
 
 (= oi'icrKo?) *Oniscus asellus, Linn. 
 
 sow-thistle : sonchus ( = <Tdyxos) : 
 Plin. 22, 22, 44, } 68 : *Sonchus oleraceus, 
 and S. asper, Linn. 
 
 sow (I'O •• 1. s6ro, sevi, satum. 3 : 
 to s. grain, frumenta s., Caes. B. G. 5, 
 14 : one must s. vetch, sereudum viciam, 
 Varr. R. R. i, 32, 2. Also, of the ground 
 s.n : that field of yours is to be s.n, 
 isle serendus ager, Ov. A. A. 2, 668. 
 to s. furrows, s. sulcos, Tib. 2, 3, 7J. 
 Fig.; to s. civil broils, civiles discordias 
 s., Liv. 3, 40, post med. : cf. causam dis- 
 cordiarum s.. Suet. Cal. 26, ad fin. 2. 
 semi no, i (rare in this sense) : to s. spelt, 
 I'heat, barley, adoreum, triticum s.. 
 Col. 2, 8, extr. Also of the ground 
 s.n : to s. a field, agrum s., id. 2, 4, 
 extr. 3. consero, sevi, situm, j : to 
 s. arable lands with corn, (sola) fru- 
 mento c. Curt. 7, 4, post med. : a field 
 carefully s.n, ager diligenter consitus, 
 Cic. Sen. 17, ?9. 4. dissero, no peif., 
 situm, 3: the CO'Cilian lettuce is s.n 
 properly in January,(\iicl\icti)CaeciUan&
 
 SOWING 
 
 SPARE 
 
 SPATTER 
 
 nipnse Januario recte disseritur, Col. n, 
 }, 26. Fig.: a portUm of the vital 
 principle s.n throughout the uhole body, 
 dlssita pars aiiimae per totura corpus, 
 Lucr. J, 144. 5. iiisCro, eevi, situm, 
 } (rare in this sense) : if the com is 
 not s.n, si frumentum non inseritur. Col. 
 5. "J. }■ 6. ol)s6ro, sevl, situm, } : to s. 
 com, o. frumentum. I'l. Trin. 2, 4, 129: 
 to $. (cover by sowing) the earth, terram 
 fhigibus o., Cic. Leg. 2, 2;, 6;. 7. 
 obruo, ui, iituni, j: to s. milkt, milium 
 o.. Col. J I, 2, 72: to s. beet, betam o., 
 id. II, J, 42. 8. e.xpr. l)y semen, wiLh 
 such verbs as Jacio, spargo, depOno, 
 mando: to s. lettuce-seed, (lactucae) s. 
 jacere, Plln. 19, 8, jg, J 110: to s. seei, 
 »emeii spargere, CIc. Kosc. Am. 18, ;o: 
 to s. teeth, seed of men, denies, nioit;ilia 
 semina, spargere, Ov. M. j, 10; (expr. liy 
 denies lerrae supponere, id. M. j, 102I : 
 (Fig.: to s. enmities for a long time, 
 odia in longum jacere, I'ac. A. i, 69 . 
 for fig. senst>, v. to cnicoLATE, dis- 
 seminate) to s. seeds either in a ditvh 
 or furrow, deponere semina vel scrobe 
 vel suloo. Col. 5, 4, 2 : to s. seed in the 
 ground, mandare semen terrae, Cul. I, 
 7, fin. : to s. barleii in fwroirs, m. 
 hordea sulcis, Virg. K. ;, j6: of. semijia 
 sulcis committere, id. G. i, 21}. 9. 
 expr. by seuientis with facio: s., sem- 
 entim facito, Cato R. R. 27 : Liv. jj, 48, 
 init. Also in pliir. .- to s. as extensivili/ 
 as possible, sementes quam ma.ximas 
 facere, Oaes. B. G. I, j, init. Pro v.: 
 OS you s., so will you reap, ut sementem 
 feceris, ita meles, Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261. 
 Phr. : night was preparing In s. the 
 lieaven with stars, no.\ coelo diffundere 
 signa parabat, Hor. .S. i, 5, 10 (v. to 
 stud) : o little irwre than a peck is suffi- 
 cient to s. an acre, jugeriim paulo plus 
 quam modius occupat. Col. 2, 10, med. 
 Pro v.: to reap where one has not s.n, 
 ex aliorum laboribus libare laudem, 
 Auct. Her. 4, }, 5 : cf. sub arbore, quam 
 alius conseruit legere fructum (based on 
 Liv. 10, 24, quam arborem consevisset, 
 Bub ea legere alium fructum indignum 
 esse dicere). 
 
 sowing (subs.): 1. semeulis, is, 
 f. (a s.) : s. and reaping, s. ac messis, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 58, 249 : v. also to sow, 9. 
 
 2. satio, onis (like preced.) : Cic. 
 Verr. }, 47, 112: Virg. G. 2, J19. 
 
 3. satus, us, jrt. (esp. in oW.) .- / be- 
 lieve that the rough herb lias sprung 
 from the birds dropping (seeds), not 
 from human s., herbam asperaiu credo 
 (exstiiisse) avium congestu, non hu- 
 mano s., Cic. Div. 2, J2, 68 . Cato Pi. H. 
 5, i, ad init. Or expr. by verb (v. to 
 sow). Phr.: during time for s., per 
 sementim, Cato R. R. 61, fin. : Co), (v. 
 also .SEED-TIM k): after s., semine jacto, 
 Virg. G. 1, 104. 
 
 sower : salor, oris, to. : Cic. : Col. : 
 
 V. also PLANTEB. 
 
 space (subs.) : I. Extension : spii- 
 tium : cf. Lucr. i, 426, locus ac spatium, 
 quod inane vocanius. (Locus is the 
 popular term; spatium, the scientific 
 one ; and inane [void space], the favourite 
 Lucretian phrase.) ||. Quantity (f 
 
 room: locus: v. koom. |||. Interval: 
 intervallum: v. intekvau \^, Space 
 of time : spatium temporis, Cic. Arch. 
 init. Or simply spitium : in a briefs, 
 of time, brevi spatio, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, J : 
 for a long s. of time, loiigo s., Cic. Off. 2, 
 2J, 81. Also freq. tempus : v. time. 
 .?. of two, three years, biennlum, trlen- 
 nium, etc. 
 
 soace ("■) .• P h r. : to s. type, *typos 
 ampliusculis intervallis (spatiis) dis- 
 tinguere. 
 
 spacious : 1. amplus : a very s. 
 gymnasium, gymnasium amplissimum. 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 5?, 119: Virg. 2. spa- 
 tiosus: a s. stall (for cattle), s. sta- 
 bulum. Col. 6, 2, ink. : yuint. Join: 
 spatlosa et capax domus, Plin. 3. 
 capax (in prose, only with gen., denoting 
 that which a vessel or space is able to 
 contain : in poets and later writers also, 
 capacious, roomy) : a s. city, c. urbs, 
 Ov. M. 4, 4:9 : Plin. supr. : s. enough to 
 
 hold the whole pi:i'p'e., populi capax, Ov. 
 4. latus ; v. WIDE. (X.B.— Laxus 
 = n'ide apart ; tvith wide spa/xs or iit- 
 lei cats : as applied to a house. Veil. 2, 
 8f, it denotes cipen, not hetnmed in by 
 other houses.) 
 
 spaciousness : 1. amplltiido : 
 
 Liv. 7, }o (a. urbis, with the accessory 
 notion of importance and splendour). 
 
 2. laxitas (having large riKjins and 
 wide spaces) : s. of a house, 1. domus, 
 Cic. Off. I, J9, l}9. (Not capacilas : 
 which = ability to contain or hold.) 
 
 3. e.\pr. by a^lj. : v. spacious. 
 spade : pa'a : leaning on his s. as he 
 
 dug a trench, fossam fodiens palae In- 
 nisus, Liv. j, 26 : to turn up with a s., 
 pala vcrtere, Plin, : versare. Col. Phr.: 
 to call a s. a s., plane et I^atine loqul, 
 Cic Ph. 7,6, 17. 
 
 span (subs.) : I. The linear mea- 
 sure : 1, palmus : Col. }, 7 ; Plin. 
 (who also uses the Gk. word spltbanie 
 fmri.6a4tri], 7, 2, i } 26). Of the dimen- 
 sion of a s., paimaris : Varr. : Col. 2. 
 dodrans, mis, m. (i of a foot) : Suet. 
 Aug. 79 : Plin. Of the dimension of a s., 
 dodrantalis: Col.: Plin. ||. Fig., a 
 shoii measure : expr. by brfivis, exiguus ; 
 brevitas, exiguitas : the tirief s. of life, 
 vitae summa brevis, Hor. : exigua vitae 
 brevitas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1 7, J7. See also 
 .SPACE, DDitATiON. |||. J/eosure of an 
 arch : mensura : v. mkaslke. An arch 
 of 100 ft. spa7>, * fornix in centum pedes 
 patens, protenta. 
 
 span (p., •■ I. 'I'o measure witli the 
 extended fingers : perh. *digitisextcntis 
 metiri. ||, To aoss in the manner of 
 a bridge : expr. by jungo, } : the river 
 is s.'d by a noble bridge, * flumen insigni 
 (praeclaro) ponte junctum est. 
 
 span-long : "•■ span. 
 
 spangle : perh. bractea, bractedla 
 (thin leaf of gold) : Solin. has bracteas 
 eloquentiae, of showy glitter in rhetoric. 
 
 spangled : (astris, stellis)distinclus : 
 
 V. STCDDED. 
 
 spaniel: *c;inis familiaris (Wood) : 
 c. uvicularius, Linn. (K. and A.). 
 
 Spanish : Hispilnus, Hispanlcus, 
 Hispaniensis : the first being chiefly 
 applied to the peiple ; the second, to 
 Spanish things ; the third, to foreign 
 things connected with Spain : the S. 
 (people), Hispani : a S. word, Hispa- 
 nlcum verbum. Suet. Aug. 82 : the S. 
 army (of Rome), exercitus Hispaniensis, 
 Tac. To speak S.. * Hispanice (Hispane, 
 Knn. fr.) loqui. Also, iberus, Ibencus, 
 are used poet. =r Hispanus, Hispanicus. 
 
 spank (subs.) : alapa : v. slap. 
 
 spar (subs.) : I. A crystalline 
 
 substance : perh. lapis specularis : Plin. 
 )6, 22, 45 : also the stone called acopos, 
 lb. J7, 10, 54 i 14?, appeiirs to be a hiiui 
 of spar. II, A rouwiei I timber : perh. 
 a.sser, palus (teres), stipes: v, stake, 
 
 POLE. 
 
 spar ("•) .• perh. *puKnis ludi (animi) 
 causii certare ; cacstibus lerioribus alque 
 inermibus certando se exercere. (Se 
 exerct-re pugnis certando, R. and A.) 
 Fig.: digladiari (of verbal disputes) : 
 Cic. Off. I, 9. 28. 
 
 snare (a<y.): \. 'Hiin.leames.lVis, 
 gracilis, slrigosus : v. thin, scraggy. 
 II. Over ami above \chat is necessary : 
 subsf civus : s. time, s. teiupora. Cic. l.^g. 
 I, ;, 9 also, temporum subseciva, (^uint. 
 I, 12. I?. 
 
 spare (v.) •• |. To !is« economically 
 or refrain from using at all: parco, 
 peperci, parsum and -cituni. j (with 
 dat.) : not to s. expense, labour, or i-isk, 
 nee impensae nee labori nee periculo p., 
 Liv. j;. 44 : / tuill s. no pains, non par- 
 ctmi operae, Cic. Fam. i ?, 27. In older 
 writers with ace, Cato : PI. Also, pane 
 ntor : v. spAKiNGLY. See also to stint. 
 Phr.: to s. no entreaties, omni ope con- 
 tendere ut Suet. Dom. 2; petere et 
 
 summe contendere, Cic. Quint 24, 77. 
 II, To accumulate by economy : com- 
 perco (-parco), }: Ter. Ph. i, i, 10. See 
 also TO SAVE (1 1 1.). In sim. sense, parco : 
 Virg. Aen. 10, ?!2. ||i. To refrain 
 from doing anything : parco, fagio : v. 
 
 TOKOBKKAic. \y. To treat with mercfi 
 parco, J : to s. the subject, p. subjectii, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 854: lo s. women and 
 children, mulieribus, infautibus p., CafA. 
 V. To save from undergoing pain, 
 etc.: parco, j; wiih a and a/A. of that 
 which is prevented : cf. Liv. 25, 25, med., 
 
 legal! precanles ut a caedibus el in- 
 
 cendiis parceretur. Phr.: / t.d myself 
 the occunence of this anguish, hujus 
 acerbitatis evenlum vitavi, C'ic. Alt. j, 
 <),med.: s.tliecomnumvealth Ihisdanger, 
 a quo periculo prohibeie rcmpnblicam, 
 id. .Man. 7. 
 
 spareness : grSciiitas, etc. : v. lean- 
 
 NE.-S. 
 
 sparing (adj.) .• parcus (absol. or 
 with gen. of that which it sparingly 
 used ; also in and ahl.) : to offer nith t. 
 hand, p. maim olferre, Hor. Od. j, 16, 4J : 
 s. ofblhod, ]). .sanguinis (civium), lac. H. 
 }, 75: too s. in the bestowment of the 
 franchise, niniium p. in larglenda civi- 
 late. Cic. Balb. 22. See also fkugal, 
 ECONOMICAL. Stronger than parcus, 
 are sordidus (v. mean) and m&lignuj 
 (v. STINGV, STINTED). Tenax = close- 
 fisted. To be s. of anytliing, parcere 
 with dat. (v. TO M'ARE): foil, by inf., 
 Hor. S. 2, 2, 58, nisi mutatum, parcit 
 defendere vinum. 
 
 sparingly : 1. parce : Cic : Ter. 
 Join: parce et panllatim, Caes. B. G. 
 7, 71 : tarn parce tamque restricte, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, u. 2. exigiie (scantily): to 
 furnish mcney s., e. sumptum praebere, 
 Ter. Heaut. i, 2, jj. 3. .'^tronger, 
 miiligne (stingily, grudgingly) : Hor. : 
 Liv. (Maligne always implies 6at< dij- 
 position or spirit : the preced. words 
 are neutral.) 
 
 sparingness : parslmonia : t. eco- 
 
 NOMV. 
 
 spark ; Lit.: l. scin tilla : Lucr. : 
 Virg.: Liv. Fig.: a s. of geniiu, 
 s. insenii, Cic. Rep. 2, 21. I'imin. 
 scintillula (a small or feeble s. : rare) : 
 Cic. Fin. ;, 15, /n. (fig.). 2. igniculua 
 (a sm/iU jiame) : esp. in fig. sense : as it 
 were s.s and germs of virttu; quasi vir- 
 tutum iguiculi et semina, Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 
 18. For igniculus, parvus ignis may be 
 used: cf. Liv. 21, }, extr., ne quandoque 
 parvus hie Ignis ("this spark") incen- 
 dium ingens exsuscitet. Phr.: a s. of 
 hope, specula (rare) : Cic. Clu. 26, 72 : 
 also, spes exigua [extremaque], id. Fl. 
 2, 4 not a s. of genius, nulla ne minima 
 quideni ingenii significatio, ct Cic. Am. 
 14 (significatio virtutis). 
 
 sparkle : 1. scintiUo, l : (car- 
 
 buncles) s. when facing the sun, contra 
 radios solis s., Plin. 57, 7, 25: Lucr. 
 2. radio, i (to emit rays) : cats' eyes 
 flash and s. in the dark, felium in tene- 
 bris fulgent r.que oculi, Plin. 11, J7, 55. 
 See also to gutter. 
 
 sparkling (ad;.) : sclntillans. ra^ 
 dians : v. to sparkle. S. with gems, 
 gemmis distinctus • v. studded. 
 
 sparkling (««''«•)•■ scintilliitio(rare): 
 Plln. 
 
 sparring (subs.) : v. to spar. For 
 fig. .sense, v. debate, controversy. 
 
 sparrow : passer, iirls, ni. : Cat. /W- 
 min., passerciiliis (a poor little s.) : Cic. 
 
 sparrow-hawk: *faiconisus. 
 
 sparse : varus : v. scattered. 
 
 sparseness : v. kewni-ss. 
 
 spasm : 1. sp;u>niiis. i, m. ; spasma, 
 litis, ?i. (Gr. tma<riJ.6<;, (rndrrna): Plin. 
 2. pure Lat. nervorum distenllo, 
 rigor: Gels. 2, 7, ad m>d. Also, simply 
 rigores (spasms), Plin. 26, 12, 81 
 Affected nith S.S. spasticus, ib. : also, 
 viilsus, Plin. 21, 19, 74: to be seized with 
 S.s, (.'pnra'i/sed), C'invelli.SueL Tib. 72 
 
 Snasmodic: Phr.; a s. movement, 
 *t;ilis incitns quails spjistlcorum (sptismo 
 laborantium"> solel esse: " the s. school," 
 spasiici qui diciintur, denominantur. 
 
 spasmodically : * quasi spasmo 
 laborans, vexatus. 
 
 spatter : aspergo, si, sum. ? (constr. 
 with ace. and dat., or ace. and cM. : 
 L. G. 5 292. Obs. 4) : s.'d with rain and 
 7nud, imbre lutoque aspersus, Hor. Ep. 
 I, II, 12. Stronger exprr., lulo per 
 781
 
 SPATTER-DASHES 
 
 Sl'EARMAN 
 
 SPECTACLES 
 
 fnndere, Juv. 14, 66; 1. opplere, Suet. 
 Vesp. ;. See also to sprinkle. 
 
 soatter-dashes : perh. ocreae: cf. 
 Varr. L. 1>. 5, 24, 116. 
 
 spatula: spatha: Col.: Plin. 
 
 spavin: vitium suffraginum (Kr.). 
 Having s., sufTraginosus : Col. 6, ;8. 
 
 spawn {sabs.) : ova (piscium) ; Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 51, 129. 
 
 spawn ("O •■ o'^^ gignere : Cic. N. D. 
 1. c. 
 
 spawner: piscis femina. 
 
 spay: castro, 1: Plln. 8, 51, 77 (fe- 
 minas sues c). 
 
 speak : I. To utter articulate 
 
 sounds ; to express thoughts by uords ■■ 
 
 I. loquor, cutus, j cf. Virg. G. 1, 
 4'78, pecudesque locutae, Infaiidum ! 
 {articulate speech being the peculiarity 
 of human beings) : to s. in good pure 
 Latin, pure et Latine 1., Cic. de Or. i, 
 J2, init. : to s. spitefully, infeste 1., Liv. 
 21, II, init. : the facts s. for themselves, 
 res ipsa 1., Cic. Mil 20, med. : also, res 
 pro se ipsa 1., id. }, 2, extr. : to s. before 
 any one (as before a judge), apud ali- 
 quem 1., id. Fia. 2, 22, extr. Freq. with 
 ace. of adj. or neut. pron.: having spoken 
 these tvords, many irwds, etc., haec lo- 
 cutus, multa locutus, etc. Also with 
 noun as direct obj. = to speak of, v. foil, 
 art. 2. fari, fatus, i (old verb, and 
 chiefly poet. = preced.) : infants unable 
 In speak, nescios fari pueros, Hor. Od. 4, 
 6, 18 : hardly had I spoken these words, 
 vix ea fatus erara, Virg. pass. 3. dico, 
 xi, ctura, } {to give expression to thought ; 
 implying not only the use of the organs 
 of speech, but also the exercise of the 
 rational poivers : thus, bene loqui, is to 
 speak accurately, with correct accent, 
 etc. : bene dicere, to be a good speaker) : 
 ▼. TO SAV. 4. fabiilor, i : v. to talk. 
 iViof able to s., infans, tis : Cic. : Hor. 
 
 II. To make a speech : 1. e.\pr. 
 by phr. : verba facere (not necessarily 
 implying a set speech), Caes. B. G. 2, 14; 
 more fully, verija atque orationem 
 facere. id. B.C. 2, 18: orationem habere, 
 Sail. Cat. ji; and in somewhat diff. 
 sense, to s. at length on any sutject, 
 multam orationem de aliqua re habere, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, Jj; contionem [esp. apud 
 populum, apud milites] habere, Caes. 
 B. C. i, 7}: he spoke as follows, talem 
 orationem exorsus est, Liv. 21, 59, extr. 
 
 2. contionor, i {to deliver an wation 
 to a public assembly) : to s. before the 
 jeople,ad populum c. Suet. Aug. 84; 
 before troops, apud milites, Caes. B. C. 
 I, 7 : to S. as from a higher platform, 
 C tanquam superiore e loco, Cic. Tusc. 
 
 1, 49, 117. 3. oro, I (rare in this 
 sense) : tite art of s.ing {oratonj), ars 
 orandi. Quint, prooem. } 4. Cmnp. per- 
 oro, I (to finish s.ing, come to a con- 
 clusion), Liv. 21, II. 4. also in re- 
 ferring generally lo a speech, dico or 
 loquor may suffice ; esp. ger. : as soon 
 as Caesar had done s.ing, postquam 
 Caesar dicendi finem fecit, Sail. C. 52, 
 init. 
 
 against ; I. I'o speak in op- 
 
 positum to : expr. by contra and ace, 
 with dico or loquor : to s. against any 
 one's civil status, c. caput alicujus dicere, 
 Cic. Quint, ij, 44(contradicere with dat. 
 z= to contradict) : V. AGAinsT. ||. To 
 use Jwstih or reproachful language 
 against any (me : 1. malSdico, j (with 
 dat.): V. to REVILE, ABUSE. Also, male 
 loqui alicui, PI. : not so constr. in Cic. ; 
 but comp. id. R. Am. 48, 140, where m. 
 loqui [absol.] = maledicta dicere. 2. 
 oblSquor, ciitus, j (usu. rather to inter- 
 rupt a pason who is speaking : with 
 dat.) : Cat. 8}, 4. 3. invgbor, ctus, 
 3 {to launch out in attack of any one .- 
 with ace.) : to s. bitterly and insultingly 
 against any one, acerbe contumelioseque 
 in aliquem i., Cic. de Or. 2, 75, J04 : v. 
 to inveigh AGAINST. 4. expr. by 
 maledicta in aliquem dicere, Cic. Fam. 
 
 2, J : conferre, id. Att. il, 8. 
 
 of: 1. dico, J : in prose usu. 
 
 foil, by de and abl. .- to s. of Scipio. de 
 Scipione d., Cic. pass. : freq. in pot-ta 
 with direct obJ. =; to tdl qf ; sing. 
 782 
 
 praise : to s. of Diana, Hercules, etc., 
 Dianam, Alciden d., Hor. This c<mstr. 
 even occurs in prose : cf. Liv. 7, 29. init., 
 
 majora jam hinc bella dicentur. 
 
 (Dico also occurs in prose with direct 
 obj. = to name, mention, refer to : cf. 
 Cic. Fin. j, 2, extr., quod autem meum 
 munus dicis, but not = to speak con- 
 cerning.) 2. loquor, } (same constr. 
 as preced., except that it is freq. used in 
 prose with ace. of neut. prons., etc.) : to 
 s. with any one of any subject, 1. cum 
 aliquo de aliqua re, Cic. pass. : we nill 
 s. of these subjects together, ista loquemur 
 inter nos, Cic. Fin. j, 2, extr. : to s. of 
 battles, proelia 1., Hor.Od. 4, 15, i : Sen. : 
 Plin. 3. mgmSro, i : v. to mention. 
 See also to discuss. Phr.: to s.icell 
 of, benedicere, with dat., Cic. Sext. 52, 
 init. ; praedicare (constr. with ace. or de 
 and abl.)i esp. with bene, optime : cf. 
 Cic. Arch. 9, 20, a quo sua virtus optime 
 praedicaretur (v. to praise, publish) : 
 to s. ill of, maledicere (v. to spbak 
 against) : not to s. of (inserted in a kind 
 of parenthetical way"), ut omittam ..... 
 Cic. Br. 76, fin. : Nep. (better than ut 
 praetermittam) : so, ut taceara (poet.), 
 Ov. M. I J, 177. 
 
 speak out : 1. elSquor, J : Cic. : 
 Quint. 2. proloquor, j : Auct. B. Afr. 
 Phr. : to s. out plainly, plane et Latine 
 loqui, Cic. Ph. 7, 6, 17: vere ac libere 
 loqui, id. R. Am. 48, 140. 
 
 to : 1. appello, I {to address, 
 
 accost) : with ace. : Ter. : Cic. In same 
 sense also, compello, i (chiefly poet.) : 
 Virg. 2. alloquor, j {to talk to : 
 
 whereas appello is simply to address : 
 also with ace); no one icas uniting to 
 s. to him, quem nemo a. vellet, Cic. Clu. 
 61, 170: PI.: Ter. 3. affari, l: only 
 used in pres. ind. (but not i pers.), 
 perf. part., infin., and 2 pers. sing, 
 impgrat. {to address) : to s. to any one 
 by name, nomine a. aliquem, Cic. Br. 
 72,255- 
 
 together: 1. colWquor, or 
 
 simply ISquor, ? (with inter and pron. 
 refl.) : they spoke a great deal t., multum 
 inter se collocuti ^unt, Cic. de Or. i. 7, 
 26 : so, loquemur inter nos, id. Fin. ?, 2, 
 «2<r. 2. confabulor, i (rare) Ter. 
 See also to converse. 
 
 with : colloquor, j : usu. foil. 
 
 by cum ; Cic. 
 
 speaker: I. One who makes 
 
 speeches : orator : v. orator. Phr.: 
 a good s., homo disertus, Cic. de Or. i, 
 21, 94: to be a good s., aptum esse ad 
 dicendum, id. Tusc. i, i, 5 : multum 
 valere dicendo, id. Br. 7, 27. ||, (nie 
 at the time speaking : use imperf. part. 
 of dico (except in rwrn. sing. : L. G. 
 $ 6?8) : or rel. clause, is qui dicit, 
 loquitur, etc. : v. to speak. |||. The 
 president of the House of Commons : 
 orator (in class, sense of spokesman). 
 
 speaking {subs.) : expr. by dico, lo- 
 quor, verba facio : artfulli/ to take up 
 the time by s.. calumnia dicendi diem 
 eximere, Cic. Att. 4, j, j : to refrain 
 from evil s., teniperare a maledicendo, 
 male loquendo (also, a maledictis): un- 
 accustomed to public s., * insolens verba 
 ad populum (ad coetus hominum) fa- 
 ciendi : they think they shall be heard 
 for their much s., *propterea se exau- 
 "ditum iri putant quod multa loquuntur. 
 See also oratory. 
 
 speaking {adj.) : perh. argutus, sig- 
 nif leans : v. significant. 
 
 speaking-trumpet: perh. cornu 
 (gen. term for any such instrument). 
 
 snear {subs.) ; 1. hasta : pass. 
 
 (N.B. — This is the regular word to re- 
 present Eng.) 2. lancea {a light s. 
 with a leathern thong fastened to the 
 middle) : Hirt. : Tac. 3. sarissa (the 
 long .Macedonian pike used by the pha- 
 langites) : Liv. (Pilum is not a spear, 
 but the regular javelin of the Roman 
 legionary : v. javelin.) 
 
 spear («■) •■ Phr.: hasta configere, 
 transfigere : v. to transfix. 
 
 snearman : hastatus : Curt. J, J. 
 Or bycircunil. : * miles hasta armatus, 
 qui hastam fert. 
 
 spear-mint: *mentha viridis: Bot. 
 
 special: \. Cunjined to one species 
 or class : 1. pSculiaris, e {relating to 
 a particular case) : as. edict, p. edictum, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 14, j6 : v. pectiliar. 2. 
 spgcialis, e (not in Cic, but good as t.t.) : 
 Quint. 5, 10, 4? (opp. generalis) : Sen. 
 3. proprius {belonging peculiarly 
 to: with gen.): cf. Suet. Aug. 5, quasi 
 proprio suo et peculiari deo {his own s. 
 divinity). 4. praecipuus (a legal 
 
 phr.) : Dig. : v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 Phr.: as. law directed against aperson, 
 privilegium, Cic. Leg. j. 19, 44; tocoTi- 
 fer a proviiKe by s. decree, provinciam 
 extra ordinem decernere, id. Prov. Cons. 
 8. See also particular. ||, Stand- 
 ing out from the rest : 1, praecipuus : 
 to hold in s. honour, p. honore habere, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, ;2 ; Cic. 2. peciiliaris : 
 for s. desert, p. merito, Suet. Vit. 4. See 
 
 also SINGULAR, SIGNAL, REMARKABLE. 
 
 III. In phr. special jury : perh. 
 judices extraordinarii. 
 
 speciality \ quod proprium (pecu- 
 specialty 5 liare) est : v. pecd- 
 liarity. 
 
 specially: I. W^i'* reference to 
 species : specialiter (only as t. t.) : opp. 
 generatim: Col. 12, 2. ||. In an espe- 
 cial manner : 1. praecipue : Cic. 
 2. peculiaiiter (hue): Plin. See 
 
 also PARTICULARLV, SINGULARLY. 
 
 specie : aurum argentumve signa- 
 
 tum : V. to coin, STAMP. 
 
 species: I. in strict sense: spe- 
 cies, ei (not so used in Cic, but necessary 
 for precise expression) : Sen. Ep. 58, 7, 
 where the genus is represented as con- 
 taining a variety of species : M. L. 
 (N.B. — Cic. makes an approach to this 
 use of the word, de Or. i, 42, 189, genus 
 est id quod sui similes .... specie autem 
 differentes dnas aui plures complectitur 
 partes.) II. In looser sense, a sort or 
 kind : ggnus : v. kind. 
 
 specific {adj.) : I. Relating to a 
 species : P h r. : s. features, quae ali- 
 cujus rei propria [ac peculiaria] sunt 
 V. PECULIAR, PROPER. A 7tame (sclent 
 t. t.), perh. * specie! nomen, nomen spe> 
 ciale. II. Precise and definite : v. 
 
 EXPLICIT, EXPLICITLY. 
 
 specific {subs.) : expr. by singfllSris, 
 e: a s. against spasms, herha contra 
 vulsa singularis (strictly, unique, having 
 singular poller). Plin. 22, 17, 20: so, 
 singulare serpentibus abigendis, id. 8, 
 j2, 50 } 118. Also expr. by facere (ad), 
 prodesse : v. good, adj. (II.). 
 
 specifically : dlseng : v. explicitly. 
 
 specify : subtiliter enumerare : v. 
 
 PRECISELY. 
 
 specimen : exemplum {sample to 
 judge from) : the folloiving will suffice 
 by way of s., haec exempli gratia suffi- 
 cient. Quint. 9, 2, 56: so. in exemplum 
 pauca subjicere. Suet. Tib. 21. (Not 
 specimen in this sense : specimen dare 
 is to fu)-nish proof, give, practical de- 
 monstration of something : Cic. Div. 
 Verr. 8, 27.) See also proof. Phr.: 
 learn rvhat they all are from a single s., 
 ex uno disce omnes,_Virg. 
 
 specious ; prObabilis : or expr. by 
 species: v. plausible, showy. Some- 
 times fiicatus may serve ; but it ex- 
 presses more than Eng. : v. false, 
 COUNTERFEIT. Also, vendibilis, e {that 
 makes the most of itself) ; Cic. Am, 25, 
 96. (Not speciosus ; which has a good 
 sense.) 
 
 speciously: probabillter: v. plau- 
 sihly. 
 
 speciousness : captiosa probabi- 
 litas : V. plausibility. 
 
 speck : macula : v. spot. 
 
 speckle {<-•■) •■ macule, I (rare in 
 act.); maculis distinguo : v. spot. 
 
 speckled : maculSsus, maculatus, 
 maculis distinctus s. sparsus :_v. sptnTED. 
 
 spectacle: 1. spectaciiium : a 
 splendid s., s. magnificum, Liv. : Cic. 
 2, species: v. sight (IV.). 
 
 spectacles : * perspiciUum {t. t.) : 
 Kr. Phr.: to look at anything through 
 s., oculo armato [oculls armatis] aliquid 
 spectare, ib.
 
 SriiCTATOR 
 
 SPEND 
 
 SPEND 
 
 I 
 
 spectator : spectator ; /. -irix Cic. : 
 Liv. Join: s. et testis, Cic. de Or. i, 
 24, fin. Or use imperf. part, of specto 
 (except in nom. sing. L. G. } 6?8) : to 
 touch the heart of Vie s., cor spectantis 
 tetigisse. Hor. A. P. 98. i¥oT s|>ectare, 
 Ov. lias aspicere [ludos], F. 6, 2?8.) 
 
 spectral ; larvalis, e : Sen. Kp. 24, 
 17 (1. habitus nudis osslbus cohaereii- 
 tium, i. e. a skeleton) : Amm. See also 
 
 GHASTLY. 
 
 spectre: larva, phantasma • v. ghost 
 (II.). See also phantom. (Not spec- 
 trum.) Apul. has also, occursanienta 
 noctium (^nightly s.s) ; bustorum formi- 
 damina, sepulcronim terriculamenta (_sj 
 haunling graves) : R. and A. 
 
 spectrum : 'spectrum : as sclent. 1. 1. 
 
 speculate: I. ''''" think; esp. on 
 philosophical subjects : Phr. : to s. con- 
 cerning the nature of Cod, 'de natura 
 Dei quaerere, inquirere, cogitare; na- 
 yuram Dei investigare: v. to think, 
 INQUIRE. See also spf.cci.ation. ||. 
 To guess ; conjicio, conjectiiram facio ; 
 divino: v. to gd ess. |||, To purc'^ase 
 with a view to a rise in the markti : 
 perb. *in spem gravioris (airioris) an- 
 nonae coemere ; in spem caritatls nier- 
 cari : cf. MARKtrr. 
 
 speculation : I. I'hilosophical : 
 philosophiae studia ; veri boiiique in- 
 vestigatio (conteniplatio) ; veritalis ra- 
 tionisque inquisitio : v. phii/isophy, 
 study, INQUIRY. In ft., sententiae, opi- 
 niones, may serve : the s.s of the philo- 
 sophers concerning the goils. seiiieiiliae 
 philosopborum de natura Oforuin, Cic. 
 N. D. I, 6, ij: V. OPINION. II. i<mi- 
 mercial : in gen. sense, niercatfira : v. 
 TRADE. Phr.: money lost in trading 
 i;.s, pecunia in mercatioiiibus perdita, 
 Gell. }, J : cf. to si'fxulate (III). 
 III. A guess : conjcclura . v. guess. 
 
 speculative : philosophandi stu- 
 diosus, veri investigandi cupidus (of 
 persons). S. philosophy, philosophia 
 conteniplativa, opp. activa {theoretical 
 and practical) : Sen. Ep. 9;, 10 : * philo- 
 sophia quae rerum contemplations con« 
 tinetur (R. and A.). 
 
 speculator: I. rhUosophical : 
 
 perh. contemplator: cf Cic. lusc. 1, 28, 
 69 (c. coeli ac deorum). ||. com- 
 mercial: (in corn) dardanarius: Ulp. 
 Dig. 47, II, 6. In gen. sense: *qui in 
 spem gravioris (carioris) annonae mer- 
 catur, res venales coemit. 
 
 speech. : \. 'J^e faculty of speak- 
 ing : oratio: Cic. Off. 1,4. 12: deprived 
 of the faculty of s., infaiis : id. Div. i, 
 5?, 121. Phr.: to talce an ay the faculty 
 of S., usum linguae adimere, Ov. M. 14, 
 99: if temporarily, vocem praecludere, 
 cf ib. 2, 6;8. ||. Ctterance: Phr.: 
 to Itave great facility of s., volubili esse 
 lingua, Liv. (Kr.) : to vtter nith stam- 
 mering s., tituhante lingua loqui, Ov. 
 Tr. i, I, 21. Ill, An address, oration : 
 1. oratio: dimw. oratiuncula (a s/iort 
 S.) : a powerful, polished, admirable s., 
 o. gravis, polita, adniirabilis, Cic. de Or. j, 
 25 : a clever and oratorical s., 0. diserta 
 et oratoria, ib. i, $4, 2U ■' a brilliant s., 
 o. luculenta. Sail. C. }i. The foil, epi- 
 thets are taken from Kr. (e Cic.) : oratio 
 fortis et virilis : compta, polita, com- 
 posita et ornata: diligenter elaborata, 
 accurate commentata {carefully stud- 
 ied): gravissimis verbis sententiisque 
 plena : accurata et facta quodam nicxlo. 
 To deliver a s., o. habere. Cic.pass. : from 
 MS., o. de scripto dicere, id. PI. 50, 74 : 
 to study a s., o. commentari, id. K. Am. 
 39, 82. 2. contio, onis,/. (a s. before 
 nit people, or to troops) : he delivered a 
 ». to the soldiers, c. ad milites habult, 
 Ciaes. B. C. ?, 75 : in t/ie s. to the people 
 against ( atiline, in c. contra Catilinam, 
 Quint. ;, 11, 42. To deliver such a s., 
 contionari : v. to speak (II.). 3. actio 
 (a legal s. or pleading) : thus the speeches 
 against Verres are called actiones, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 1, jo, 75, etc.: Suet.: Quint. 
 Phr. • to make a s., verba facere, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 14 to oind up a s., finish it, 
 perorare, Cic. |V. A remark or say- 
 vng: 1. verbum: cf. SalL Jug. 11, 
 
 fin., quod verbum in pectus Jugurthae 
 aliius... descendit: so, Ter. Eun. 1,2, 
 95, etc. 2. ^■o'' (esp. a ci-y inr ofta- 
 malion): cf. Cic. Verr. 5, 65, 168, nihil 
 esse opts in hac voce, civis Romaiius 
 sum. 3. dictum, v. saying. V. 
 Language vised: Phr.: abusive s., 
 maledicta, voces contumeliosae, oppro- 
 brla, contumelia verborum : v. a husk, 
 
 INSULT, REVILING. 
 
 speechless : >• <"• incapacitated (for 
 the time) from speaK-ing : \, elin- 
 guis, e (rare): Join: convinciTe 
 [allquem] et elinguem reddere, Cic. Fl. 
 10, 22 : Liv. 2. miitus (strictly of 
 one reaUy dumb) : he u-as struck s., 
 mutus (eral) illico, Ter. Kun. ?, i, 27 : 
 v. DUMB. 3. piTh. Infans cf. Hor. S. 
 I, 6, 57, Infans pudor (bashfulivss, tak- 
 ing away the power of speech). 4. 
 sti'ipldus (paralysed by emotion : esp. 
 fear or surprise) : they were s. with fear, 
 Btupidi timore obmutuerunt, Aiict. Her. 
 4, 52. 6;. Phr.:/ vas & {u-ith horror), 
 obstupui. . . et voxfaiicibus haesit, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 774 ■ cf- '•>• 4. ^79- Aenea."t as- 
 pectu obmiituit.... et vox laucibus 
 haesit : also expr. by vox deficit (all- 
 quem), Kr. e Curt. 
 
 speed (-^"I'S.): 1. cgleritiis: V. 
 
 QUICKNESS (II.). 2. pr6p6ratio {all 
 needful expedition) : festinatio (h ur>-y) : 
 V. HASTE. Phr.: there is need of s. 
 (prompt expedition), opus est mature 
 facto. Sail. Cat i : tnore haste less s., sat 
 celeriter fit quidquid fit satis bene, Aug. 
 in Suet. Vit. 25 : sat cito si sat bene 
 (R. and A.) : * quod nimis festinatur 
 opus saepius retardari solet: with all 
 s., confestim. Join: sine uUa mora et 
 confestim [rem gerere], Cic. Ph. 5, 12. 
 For phr. good s., v. success. 
 
 speed ("•) ■■ i- 6- *o render prosperous : 
 
 1. secundo, I : to s. any one's course, 
 alicui iter s.. Prop. : may the gods s. our 
 undertakings .' di nostra incepti secun- 
 dent, Virg. Aen. 7, 259. 2. forti'mo, i : 
 the gods will s. your plans, di fortuna- 
 biint vostra consitia, PI. Trin. 2. 4, 175 : 
 Cic. Kp. For speed = to use s., v. 
 ha.stkn. 
 
 speedily : cito, cf.lCriter, brgvl (tem- 
 pore) : v. QUICKLY, SOON. 
 
 speedy: ci^'er, cltus, etc.: v. QUICK 
 (IV.). Also sometimes e.xppditus (not 
 encumbered with obstacles and so caus- 
 ing delay) : a s.er path to honours, via 
 expeditior ad honores, Cic. Fl. 41, 104, 
 
 speedwell: veromai: Bot. 
 
 spell (subs.) ." i. e. a charm : carmen, 
 vox (rare), incanlamentum (rare): v. 
 CHARM, INCANTATION. If a drug or 
 supposed magical ingredient be meant, \ 
 use venenum: Cic. Or. $7, 129 (quum 
 sibi venenis ereptam menioriam diceret) : 
 Medea's dreadful s.s. dira Medeae v., 
 Hor. Epod. 5, 62 : also, medlcamentum, 
 PI. Ps. J, 2, 81. 
 
 spell ('■•): Pbr. : ordinare syllabas 
 litterarum, Prise. (Kr.): •litteras sylla- 
 batim efferre (Kr.) : to s. out a letter, 
 *epistolam vix syllabatim perlegere. 
 
 -bound : stiipens (with abl.) : 
 
 Hor. Od. 2, I ?, ;? : cf. Virg. Aen. i, 495, 
 dum stupet obtutuque haeret defixus In 
 uno. 
 
 spelling: v. to .spell. 
 
 -book : *syllabarum liber (?). 
 
 SPelt : a '■■'"</ of c'<r7i ; 1, far, 
 farris, n. : poet, often pi. . Virg. G. i, 
 7J. Cato: Ov. 2. idor, oris and 
 oris. n. (rare): Hor. S. i, 6, 89: Col. 
 Called also, adoreum (far) : Col. : cf. 
 Gesn. lex Rust. ( Triticuni spella, Linn.) 
 
 spend: I. To lay out: 1. im- 
 pendo, di, sum, j -. to s. money, labour, 
 on anything, pecunlam, operam in ali- 
 qiiam rem 1 . Cic. Verr. 4, 50, 68 : also, 
 sumptum impenilere [ad incertura ca- 
 sum], ib. J, 98, 227 : to s. one's life for 
 one's country, vitam patriae i., I..ucan. 
 
 2. 6r6go, I (esp. of expenditure of 
 public money : the strict sense being, to 
 ask for a grant : also In ord. sense) : 
 to s. money on anything, in aliquam 
 rem pecuniam e.,Cic. H. i ?, init : also, 
 in sumptum e., id. .\tl. 8, 5, rt«. ; Liv. 
 
 3. insumo, mpsi, mptum, s: to s. 
 
 100 auet a day, in singulos dies centenoa 
 aeiis i., Gell. 2, 24- more fully. In ali- 
 quam rem sumptum L, Cic. Inv. 2. )8: 
 to ». one's labour in tain, operam frus- 
 tra i., Liv. 10, 18, extr. : to s.afew days 
 in refitting the Jleet, paucos dies re- 
 flclendae classi I., Tac. Also, simply, 
 sumo: esp. in phrr. operam s.. Ter.: 
 laborem s., Caes. (Not absumo, con- 
 sumo, in present sense : cf. infr.) 4, 
 expr. by sumptus, impensa, and a verb: 
 nut to s. mor-- than 100 cutes on a supper, 
 non ampllus in singulas coeiias sumptus 
 tacere quum ccnlenos aerig, Gell. 2, 24 
 (cf supr. exx.) : to s. money on anything, 
 in aliqua re impeiisani faa-re, Cic. Att 
 I J, 25. Join: impen>am ac sump- 
 tum in aliqua re facere, V'arr. ||. 7b 
 employ or pass time : 1. agn, j: to s. 
 one's life at home, aetateni donii a., Cic. 
 Fam. 7, 6 : to s. one's life in literary 
 pursuits, aetatem in Uteris a., id. I^. 2, 
 
 I, i. Comps.: (1.) dego, i, } {to t. 
 throughout, to the end) : to s. the day in 
 merriment, diem In laetitia d, Ter. Ad. 
 4, I, 6; so, omne tempus aetatis d.. Cic. 
 Sen. I, 2: Lucr. : Hor. (2.) transigo, 
 egi, actum, ? (to go through with : not in 
 Cic): he spent all his youth in thefol- 
 lontng pursuits, adolescentiam omnem 
 per haec traiisegit. Suet. Tib. 7: Tac.: 
 Sen. (3.) exigo. j {to the end, to com- 
 plete) : Plin. Ep. 2. triidQco. xi, 
 ctum, J : to s. an easy and quiet life, 
 otiosam vitam et quietam tr, Cic. Sen. 
 21, 82: Tac: Hor. Less freq. simple 
 verb : to s. one's life in literature, aeta- 
 tem in litterls ducere, Cic. Fin. 5, 19. 50: 
 Hor. 3. t^™' contgro, irivi, turn, 
 } (to near or pass away : often with 
 the idea of wasting time): to s. one's 
 leisure in banqueting and carousing, 
 oiium convivils comissationibusi4ue 
 terere, Liv. i, 57 : Cic : to s. all ■me'l 
 leisure in study, omne otiosum tempiu 
 in studiis conterere, Cic. Am. 27, 104; 
 to s. one's whole life in acquiring, om- 
 nem aetatem in quaerendo conterer^ 
 Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 15. 4. consiimo, } (to 
 take up: in quite neutral sense: thus 
 differing from tero, contero) : to s. many 
 hours in delightful converse, multjs 
 horas suavissimo sermone c, Cic. Fam. 
 
 II, 27: to s. ten Jays ocer anything, x. 
 dies in aliqua re c, Cies. B. G. 5, 9 : to 
 s. two consecutive days in feasting, 
 biduum continuum epulando c, Suet. 
 Less freq. simple verb : hilarem suma- 
 mus ( = consumamus) diem (let us s.a 
 merry day), Ter. Ad. 5, j, 68 : and esp. 
 with the notion of taking up the time 
 of anotlier, absumo: Cic. Quint. 10, intf. : 
 also = to u-aste, Plin. Kp. i, 9. } (quot 
 dies quam frigidis rebus absumpsl !) : 
 and in Liv., without any accessory idea 
 = consumo: cf. 27, U, ad init.: etc. 
 
 5. impendo, } (to devote time, as 
 one would lay out money : late) : / 
 spent the rest of the time in study, rell- 
 quum tempus studiis impendi. I'lin. Ep. 
 6, 20, I : Tac. : Veil, (spalium aevi in 
 ailquod opus i). Phr.: Iiiouldsooner 
 s. <me day with you .., unum tecum 
 diem libentius posuerim. . ., Cic. Fam. 5, 
 21, init. : to s. on^s leisure u-ith any 
 one, otio cum aliquo abuti. id. Rep. i, 9: 
 while (this and tliat is done) a whole 
 hour is spent (lost), dum ... tola abit 
 hora, Hor. S. i, 5. '4: '« *■ ""■ "'f'^ 
 anywhere, pemoctare allcubl, Cic. Clu 
 Ij, J7 : or when the reference Is to 1 
 journey, to maJ,e a stage of any placi 
 simply manere, Hor. .S i, 5, ?7. and 87 : 
 / spent three days with him. triduum 
 cum CO fui (R. and A.) : if = u^ hii 
 house, apud eum. |||, To rxhaiut : 
 effund.). tudi, flisum, }: (fMellut, spent 
 his strentith upon the air, vires in \en- 
 tum effudit, Virg. Aen. 5, 446; cf Cic 
 Fam. I, 9, 7, odium me effudisse omne 
 arbitrabar (/ Uiought I had spent the 
 whole force of my haired): v. to ex- 
 haust. Esp. as verb rejl., to s. itself: 
 of a force of some kind perh. rg- 
 mittere (se) : cf. Cic. Br. 54. « J°- ^al- 
 vinus .... quum reniiserant dolores 
 pedum, non deerat in causls : Cels. : a* 
 the fury of the storm gradually spent 
 i8j
 
 SPENDTHRIFl' 
 
 SPIN 
 
 SPIRIT 
 
 iUelf, *paullatiin se remittente vi tem- 
 pestatis (v. to abate) or, decedere ■ cf. 
 Ter. Hec. j, 5, 55, decedet Jam ira haec 
 (^this passion wills, itself) : or use pass. 
 of absuino, exhaurio. effundo : the force 
 of the blow spent itself in the air, ictus 
 vis in ventum effusa, cf. Virg. I.e.: the 
 blow was all but spe»t, *tantum non 
 absumptus erat impetus teli (gladii, 
 etc.). P h r. : the healed passions of youth 
 S. titemselves, defervescunt adolescentiae 
 cupiditates, Cic. Coel. 18, 4?: Ter.: 5.0, 
 desaevire (to s. its fury), Lucan 5, J05 : 
 of passionate grief, suas vires frangere, 
 Sen. Cons. Helv. init. 
 
 spendthrift : 1. nepos, otis, m. .- 
 no less a s. with the patrimony of the R. 
 people than with his oivn, non minus in 
 P. R. patrimonio n. quam in suo, Cic. 
 Agr. I, init.: strengthened, perditus ac 
 profusus n., id. yuint. 12, 40 Hor. 
 2. expr. by adj. : (homo) proiligus, 
 pr5fflsus ; cf. Cic. Off. 2, 16, init. : v. 
 
 I^VISH, EXTRAVAGANT. 3. Very 
 
 strong expr. gurges, itis, m,. (lit. an 
 abyss : applied to such as were perfectly 
 reckl-ess in prodigality) : cf. Cic. Pis. 17, 
 41, ille gurges atque heluo, natus ab- 
 domini suo : Plin. 
 
 spent (part, adj.') -. P h r. : as. 
 ball, * globus missilis cnjus impetus 
 paene (tanttmi non) effusus est «. de- 
 cessit. 
 
 sperm: 1. semen, inis, n. : v. 
 SEED. 2. sperma, atis, n. (Gr. o-we'p- 
 (ta) : V. rare : Sulp. 
 
 spew : v6mo, J : V. TO VOMIT. 
 
 sphere : I. ^ globe .- l. sphaera 
 (Gr. <r<j)alpa): Cic Fat. 8, 15 ; cf. id. 
 Tim. 6, (mundus) globosus est fabri- 
 catus, quud (T<|>aipoci.6cs Graeci vocant. 
 (The wt)iil sphaeroides is by Vitr. writ- 
 ten as Latin: 8, 6.) 2. Pure Lat. 
 gldbus : v. GLOBE. Having the form of 
 a s., glSbosus (v. supr.) : sphaericus, 
 sphaeralis : Macr. ||, Range or pro- 
 vince : 1. perh. gyrus (circuit, 
 course): cf. Cic. de Or. j, 19, 70, ora- 
 torem. . . in exiguum sane gyrum com- 
 peIlitis(2/0M limit him to a very confined 
 s.) : or, 2. 5rea (an open field) : cf. 
 Cic. Att. 9, 18, in qua erat area scelerum 
 (what a field or s. for crime he had .') ; 
 or, in certain cases, 3. provincla 
 IproviTice, task, function) : Ter. : v. 
 PROvrNCE : or, 4. fines, ium, ni. (the 
 limits set about any person or thing, or 
 the field [s.] embraced by them) : to 
 keep v/ithin one's own s., sese suarum 
 rerum finibus continere, Cic. Off. i, 26, 
 92. Ph r. : the art (oratory) has a very 
 wide s. of operation, late patet, et ad 
 multos pertinet, id. de Or. i, 55, 2??. 
 
 spherical : sphaericus, sphaeralis : 
 pure Lat. globosus : v. sphere (1.). 
 
 spheroid: *tigura globosa non au- 
 tem ad Justae sphaerae norniam exacta. 
 An oblate or prolate s., *sphaera obla- 
 tlor, piolatior. 
 
 sphinx: sphinx, gis,/..- Suet.: Aus.: 
 Gr. gen. spbingos, Stat. I'h. I, 66. 
 
 spice (s«f>s-) •■ I. I-iit. : 1. aro- 
 ma, atis. n. (Gr. opufuia) : dat. and alil. 
 pi. aroniatis: s.s pounded and sifted, 
 aromata contusa et cribrata, Col. 12, 20, 
 med. : Apul. 2. Pure Lat. odores 
 
 (sing, not in this sense) : cf. Tac. A. 16, 
 •J, corpus differtum odoribus conditur 
 (embalmed with spices) : so Col. 1. c. 
 (paulo supr.) uses odores = aromata. 
 
 3. also, 6d6ramenta: Col. 12, 28. 
 
 4. also as gen. terms, medicamina, 
 medicamenta (of the sams ingredients), 
 may be used : cf. Col. U. cc. ||. 
 Fig.: that nhich gives a relish to any- 
 thing : condiniintum : v. seasoning. 
 
 III. A slight flavouring of: perh. 
 gustus, gustulus: V. TASTE (subs.). Or 
 expr. without fig. by nonnibll, aliquan- 
 
 tulum: V. SOMEWHAT. 
 
 spice ("•)■■ condio, 4: to «. loine, 
 vinum c, Col. 12, 20. More fully, odo- 
 ribus s. aromatis condire : v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 spiced : aromatis (odoribus) con- 
 litus or perh. simply, odoratus, Cato, 
 11 J. (Various kinds of s. wine are 
 d«8cribed : Col. 12, 28, sqq.) 
 
 spicery: aromata, 6dores, odora- 
 menta: v. spice. 
 
 spicy: 1. odoratus: cf. SiL 17, 
 
 658, where the epithet is applied to the 
 Indi, because of the spices which abound 
 in the Indies: Tib. 2. conditus, 
 
 aromatis (odoribus) conditus : v. spice, 
 and TO season. 3. aromatlcus (v. 
 
 rare) : in Spart. Hadr. 19, aromatica = 
 spices. (Occasionally used fig. : bene 
 Conditus: coiiditior.) 
 
 spider ; aranea : Virg. : Ov. Dimin. 
 araneola: Cic. l^ess freq. araneus, i, 
 m. : Lucr. j, j8} ; Plin.: with dimin. 
 araneolus: Virg. Cul. 2. Of a s., re- 
 lating to s.s, araneus (adj.) : s.s' wehs, 
 araneae texta, Plin. : but aranea is also 
 used (meton.) for the neb ( = araneae 
 tela): PI. Aul. I, 2 (J), 6. Abomuling 
 in $.s, or their webs, araneosus Cat. 
 
 spigot perh. obturamentum : v. 
 stopper. 
 
 spike (SMi>«.) •• \. An ear of grain, 
 etc. : spica ; Cic. : Virg. Used ot heads 
 of various plants, as garlic, etc. : Cato 
 K. R. 70. II. A kind of large nail or 
 pointed iron: 1, clavus (trabalis) 
 Hor. Od. 1, }$, 18: Cic. 2. cuspis, 
 idis. /. (the pointed head of a ireapon) : 
 poles with iron s.s fastened at the oid, 
 asseres cuspidibus praefixi, Caes. B. C. 
 2, 2. 
 
 spike ("•) -• Ph r. : to s. a gun, *tor- 
 menti spiraculum (?) clavo trabali ob- 
 turare: tormentum clavo trabali cor- 
 rumpere, inutile reddere. 
 
 Spikelet : splciila : dimin. of spica : 
 
 V. SPIKE. 
 
 spikenard : nardus, -um : v. nard. 
 Ointment <f s., unguentum nardinum : 
 Plin. 
 
 spiky : spiceus : s. harvest ( = <lf 
 ears), s. messis, Virg. G. i, 514. Splci- 
 fer (poet.) = crowned with ears, Sen. 
 Trag.: Mart. 
 
 spill (subs.) : i. e. a thin slip of 
 uood, etc., for lighting anything : perh. 
 assiila: PI. Mere, i, 2, 20 (assuiae = 
 splinters). Sometimes igniculus may 
 serve (denoting any small f re or spark). 
 
 spill ("•) ■■ 1. effundo, fudi, sum, 
 J : esp. in phr. sangninem effundere : v. 
 to shed. 2. expr. to be spilt, by pgr- 
 ire, dilabi : to carry a vessel carefully so 
 that not a drop be spilt, *vas diligenter 
 portare ne qua gutta pereat: we are as 
 vater spilt upon the ground, quasi aquae 
 dilabimur in terram, Vulg. 2 Reg. xiv. 
 14 : to cry over spilt milk (Prov.), quod 
 nefas corrigere est plorare (?). 
 
 spin: a. Trans.: |. To 
 
 draw out a thread by tivisting : 1, 
 neo, nevi, netum, 2 : to s. threads, fila 
 n., Ov. : also subtemen n. (to s. yam 
 for the woof). Ter. Heaut. 2, j, 52 : PI. : 
 and stamina n. (to s. the upright warp 
 threads), Ov. F. 2, 771 : to s. wool with 
 the distaff, lanas colo n., Just. 1, j. 
 2. dediico, j (to draw out : poet.) : 
 to s. the thread with light fingers, (lit. 
 thumb), levi d. poUice filuni, Ov. M. 4, 
 j6 : Cat. Also simple verb: to s. threads, 
 wool, stamina, lanas ducere, Ov. 3. 
 more elaborate or poet, exprr. are, sta- 
 mina pollice versare, Ov, M. 4, J4: sta- 
 mina pollice (digitis) torquere, ib. 12, 
 475 • a more gen. one, lanas tractare, 
 Just. I, }. Phr. : to s. a ueb (of 
 spiders), telam texere, cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 
 48, I2J, in araneolis aliae quasi rete 
 texunt: v. to weave. ||. 7'o draw 
 out to a great length: diico, i (less col- 
 loq. than Eng. : to lengthen out) : v. to 
 prolong. Or expr. by longus: Phr.: 
 not to s. the matter out, ne longum sit, 
 Cic. Cat }, 5, init. : ne longum faciam, 
 Hor. S. 1, J, I J7 : doti't s. the matter out, 
 ne longus fias, noli longus esse : v. long, 
 TEDIOUS. III. To cause to turn rapidly 
 round : 1, verso, 1 : to s. a top, 
 
 turbinem v., Tib. i, 5, 4. v. to tdrn. 
 2. perh. torqueo, 2 : v. to twist. 
 (Virg. Aen. 7, }8o, has turbinem exer- 
 cere, of s.ing a top : but the expr. is too 
 vague for prose.) B. Intrans. . |. 
 To be engaged in drawing out threads : 
 use neo, 2, with object expressed: v. 
 supr. (1.). II, To turn mind and 
 
 round : 1, versor, i : to s. round Wee 
 a top, in turbinem v.. Sen. Ir. j, 6, i : 
 Cic. : V. to revolve. 2. circumagor, 
 J : (cf. Tib. I, 5, i, namque agor, ut per 
 plana citus sola verbere turben). 3. 
 circumf^ror, i, irr. : (cf Virg. Aen. % 
 j8o, ille [turbo] actus haliena. . . fer- 
 tur). 4. v61ito, 1 : ib. nB. 
 
 spinach •. *Spinacea oleracea : Linn. 
 
 spinal: expr. by spina, vertebrae: 
 V. SPINE. (N.B. — Not spinalis.) 
 
 spindle: fusus: Virg.: Ov. Phr.: 
 the s. Si(i€, expr. by feniifiae or mulieres; 
 muliebre secus: v. female. 
 
 -shanks : * qui praelonga ae 
 
 praetenuia crura habet. 
 
 spine : I. The vertebral column , 
 spina: Cels. 8, i, med.: Plin. The 
 joints of the s., vertebrae, ib. (spina 
 constat ex vertebris .\xlv.) : called also 
 spoiidyli, Plin. 29, 4, 20 (where the sing. 
 occurs). II, A sharp thorn or prvMe: 
 spina : v. thorn, prickle. 
 
 spinner : expr. by verb ; V. TO SPIN 
 (I.). 
 
 spinning (subs.) .- expr. by verb: ▼. 
 TO SPIN (I.). Also meton. stamen, inis, 
 n. : I beguiled sleep try s., fallebarn sta- 
 mine soninuni. Prop, i, ?, 41. I'hr. : to 
 earn a living by s., *culo fusoque vic- 
 tum quaeritare : slamiuibus ducendia 
 quaestum facere. 
 
 wheel : *rota ad fila (stamina) 
 
 deducenda. 
 
 Spinosity : fig- of argument or slyle, 
 spinosum disserendi [orationisj genus. 
 
 spinous: spinosus: V. THORNY, 
 
 Spinster : virgo : quae noiidiim viro 
 niipsit : innupta: v. maid, rNMAKRiED. 
 
 spiracle: spiramentum, spiraciilum: 
 
 v. POKE. 
 
 spiral (<idj.) : 1. spirae s. coch- 
 leae formam babens (spira denotes any 
 kind of twist w coil : cochlea, the form 
 of a snail-shell or screw') : so, to ivind 
 in a s. direction, in cochleam serpere, 
 Cels. 8, 10, I. 2. less precisely, in- 
 voliltus, convSlutus, intortus, reiortus, 
 tortilis : they form s. channels, involutoe 
 faciunt canales [et justam cochleae 
 naturalemque imitationem], Vitr. 10, 6 
 (II), 2: (jsheUs) with a s. top, vertice 
 muricatim ( = iite the shell of the murex) 
 intorto, Plin. 9, jj, 52: a s.or winding 
 cave, specus in cochleam retortus, CoL 
 8, 17, init. : a s. horn, buccina tortilis, 
 Ov. Met. I, ijd (where is added an exact 
 description of an expanding s.form. In 
 latum quae turbine crescit ab Imo). 
 (N.B.— Spiralis is without authority: 
 Forcell. gives the foil, definition of a & 
 line, linea flexuosa quae orbes facit non 
 redetintes in se: 8. v. spira.) 
 
 spiral (subs.): 1. cochlea, spira: 
 v. pieced, art. 2. involutio; Vitr. 
 10,6 (II), J. 
 
 spire: I. -^ coU: spira, orbis: v. 
 COIL. II. Of a church, etc.: perh. 
 
 turris genus quae meta in fastigium 
 convoluta exsurgit: cf. Plin. i6. jj,6o 
 (where the description is of a kind of 
 tapering cypress): *culmen undique 
 acute fastigatum : in acutuni excelsiim- 
 que fastigium ednctum [qualis Anglice 
 spira diciturj. 
 
 spirit : I. Ong- sense ; the breath: 
 spiiitus, lis: v. breath. ||. Ani- 
 mating principle : 1, anima (xntal 
 principle ; in man or in brutes) : r. 
 SODL. 2. spiritus (not class, in this 
 sense) : Vulg. EccL iii. 21 : et pass. 
 (= Gr. nvevtia). See also souL. |||, 
 Intelligence apart from body ; an imma- 
 terial being, human or otherwise : 1. 
 mens, ntis,/. ; God is a pure s., Deus est 
 mens soluta quaedam et libera [segre- 
 gata ab omni concretione mortali], Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 27, 66 the stars are animated 
 by divine s.s, stellae divinism. animatae 
 sunt, id. Rep. 6, 1;, med. 2. spiritus 
 (not class, in this sense): Ood is a «., 
 s. est Deus, Vulg. Job. iv. 24: the HolyS., 
 Sanctns S., Ih. pass. 3. anima: Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 71} ; v. soul. |V. Esp. in pi., 
 the dead as living in another state ; dis- 
 embodied spirits : 1. animae : the s.i 
 of the bUst, plae a., Hor. Od. I, 10. IT : 
 Virg. 2, manes, ium, m. (oied botb
 
 SPIRIT 
 
 S !• 1 K 1 T U A L 
 
 S P I TK 
 
 of the departed spirit of an individual I 
 «nd of the community nf spirits) : v. | 
 shadk(IV.). 'I'lie world of s.s. inferi, 
 orum; later, Orcus: v. shade (V.). V. 
 As syn. for mind or soul, but usu. with [ 
 a si/mewluit higlier conception : 1. ani- 
 mus: a lofty s., animus exct-lsus magni- 
 ticusque, Cic. Off. i, 2?, init. : a magiius 
 elatusque, ib. i, i8, (>i . cf. Sail. Cat. 5, 
 a. vastus, an unbounded (avibitious) s. : 
 V. MIND, sfjUL. 2. iiigCnlunj : a lofty 
 and elevated s., sublime et erectum i., 
 Tac. Agr. 4 : so, i. excelsum, Flin. Kp. 
 VI. yiiucity and energii of mind : 
 1. animus : our men are imbued 
 with fresh s., nostris augetur animus, 
 Caes. B.G. 7, "O : be of good s. (courage), 
 ades animo ! Cir. Uep. 6, 10 ; also pi. : 
 (Vie goddess) imfarts s., animos dat, 
 Ov. M. ;, 47. Hence./i/W ofs., animosus 
 (whether of me7i i/r animals): Cic; 
 Ov. : V. spiiUTKi). 2. spiritus, us 
 
 (highs.): a man of immeuse s. (wiili 
 the accessory idea of pride and ambi- 
 tion), ingentis s. vir, Li v. 21, i : csp./j/., 
 of an overbearing and arrogant s. : 
 Cic. Clu. J9, log (noratis animus ejus ac 
 s. tribunicios) : Liv. 3. v's, vigor: v. 
 VIGOUR. ENKRGy. l.acHngs.: ignavus: 
 V. spiRrri,ii.ss, COWARDLY. P h r. : lam 
 in uonderful s.s for fighting, sum mira 
 alacritate ad pugnandiim, Cic Att. 2, 7. 
 
 Yll. Animation and energy of style : 
 , vigor (appy. not in Wc.) : Join: 
 quantum vigoris, quantum animi fin illo 
 libro], Sen. Kp. 64, 2. 2. animus (late 
 in this use) : plenty of thought and of s. 
 (in an orator), et consilli et animi satis, 
 Quint. 10, I, lit: cf. Sen. 1. c. 3. 
 nervi, orum (sinew, i. e. force and 
 energy : a stronger term than Kne.) : 
 cf. Cic. Or. 19, 62, horuni oratio neque 
 nerves neque aculeus (pungency) orato- 
 rios ac forenses habet, 4. very olt. ixpr. 
 by adj. : full of spirit, acer, vehcmens, 
 animosus: v.spiritkd. Lacking s., fri- 
 gidus, lenta'i : v. flat, dill, spiritless. 
 VIII. Temper in disposition : 1. in- 
 genium, indoles (both denoting ?ia<«rai, 
 atui so permanent character) : a manly 
 s., ingenium virile. Sail. C 20 : a nV- 
 tuous s., virtuiis indoles. Cic. Off. }, 4, 
 
 16: V. DISl-aslTION, TEMPER, MtND. 2. 
 
 animuii (attitude of mind at any given 
 time): you ought to display this s. to- 
 wards me, hoc a. in nos esse debebis, 
 Cic. Kam. 2, i, extr. : animated by a 
 friendly s. towards the R. people, bono 
 a. in P. K., Caes. B. G. i, 6: Suet. So 
 animatus (influenced by a certain s.) : 
 entertaining a bad s. (disaffected) to- 
 wards, male animatus erga Suet. 
 
 Vit. 7 : so, bene animatus, Nep. Cim. 2. 
 
 3. stiidium (strong or eager bent of 
 mind) • a warlike s., s. belUcae gloriae, 
 Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61 : the s. of inquiry after 
 truth, s. ad iuvestigandam veritatem in- 
 citatum, id. Tusc. 5, 24, 68 : a revolu- 
 tionary s., novandi s. rerura novarum s. 
 (cnpiditas): v. revolution (III.). 4. 
 mens (both of permanent and temporary 
 features of mind) : a virtuous s., m. 
 bona, Liv. jq, 16, med. : Ter. : the s. of 
 (prevailing in) the ai-niies, m. exer- 
 cituum, Tac. H. i, 4. 5. olten such 
 plirr. as a kindly s., a hostile s., may be 
 expr. by a single word ; v. kindness, 
 HosTn,iTr, etc. |X. I'ectdiar or pre- 
 vailing sentiment and complexion ; csp. 
 of an age or a nalimi : 1, perh. ratio : 
 cf. Cic. Vcrr. 5, 69, i')7, ratio atque in- 
 clinatio temporum (the s. and tendency 
 of the age) : the s. of the oratory of each 
 age, cujusque aetatis dicendl ratio vo- 
 luntasque, id. de Or. 2, 22, 92. 2. 
 mores: since the s. of the age inclines 
 
 to quum hi mores ad .... incu- 
 
 buerint, id. y. Kr. i, i, } : so, quum ita 
 Be mores babent, .Sail. Cat. 52, med. 
 
 3. seculum (fashiim or s. of the 
 age ; in unfavourable sense) : cf. I'ac. 
 Ger., nee corrunipere et corrumpi secu- 
 lum vocatur • iilso PI. Trin. 2, 2, 7, novi 
 ego hoc s. quibus moribus slet. Phr. : 
 he exercised ofiice in the same s. in 
 vjhich he Ita/i sought it, quibus artibus 
 petierat magistratus, iisdem gerebat, 
 lilv- 1. }i- (See Niigels. StiL } 67, 2.) 
 
 X. Intention ; as distinguished 
 from mere verbal expression : 1. v6- 
 luntas : whether to abide by the letter or 
 s. of lairs, verbis leguni an volunlate 
 standum sit, Quint. 7, 10,6: Cic Join: 
 voluntas et sententla (legis), Cic. Verr. 
 J, 84, 19; : voluntas et consilium et scn- 
 tentia (Interdicti), id. Caec. 18, 50. 2. 
 consilium (intention) : Cic. Caec. 1. c. : 
 cf. ib. paulo infr., ad verba rem de- 
 fleitere, consilium autem eorum qui 
 scripseriint relinquere (to sacrifice the 
 spirit to the letter). 3. sententla 
 
 (meaning) .• like consilium, may be 
 strengthened by a synonym : v. supr. 
 I'hr. : to obey the letter or the s. of a 
 command, ad verba obedire, ad Id quod 
 ex verbis intelligilur obtemperare, Cic. 
 Caec. 18, ?2 : not to translate literally, 
 but to give the s. of an author, *non 
 verbum verbo reiidere sed mentem sen- 
 teniiamque scrlptoris rel'erre; *potlus 
 ex mente scriptorisquam ex verbis inter- 
 pretari. X|, Me ton., a person, as 
 marked by certain intellectual qualities : 
 ingenium: cf. Tac. Agr. 2, monunieiita 
 clarissimorum ingeiiiorum (of those 
 illustrious s/iirits) : also .Sail. Cat. 8, 
 scriptorum magna ingenia. Phr.: a 
 choice s., *singulari viriute atque in- 
 genio vir : exlnitae mentis iiidulis homo : 
 a generous s., • vir generosus ac liberalis 
 (v. CESEROCs): a beautiful s., *venus- 
 tissimi candidissiniique ingenii homo. 
 XII. i'heol., the reneweii nature of 
 man: spiritus: Vulg. Xill. Chem., 
 a distilled fluid : spiritus used as 
 scient. t. t. : also liquor (tenulssimus, 
 nobilissimus, efiicacissimus) : Bauer in 
 Kr. 
 
 spirited; 1. animosus (full of 
 life and energy ; of horses, mettlesome) : 
 the s. Accius, animosi oris Accius, Hot. : 
 \'arr. : Cic. Join: forlis et animosus, 
 Cic. . animosus atque forlis, Hor. See 
 also mettlesome. 2. genfirosus (high- 
 bred, high-spirited): a s. and poiver/ ul 
 king, rex g. el potens, Cic. Off. ;, 22, 86. 
 More fully, generosi spiritus (gen. of 
 ()uality), highs.: Plin. 8, 40, 61. 3. 
 acer, cris, ere (rather stronger than Eng. : 
 full of energy aiui vigour : eager, brave, 
 fierce) : a most s. champion, acenlmus 
 defensor, Cic. Fain, i, i, 1 : as. horse, 
 a. equus, Virg. Aen. 4. i;6: v. eager, 
 fierce. 4. alacer, cris. ere (weaker 
 than preced. and than Eng. : brisk, 
 lively) : Caes. B. G. }, 24 (alacriores 
 ad pugnandum) : see also cheerful, 
 
 ACTIVE. 
 
 spiritedly : 1. anlmose (coura- 
 geously) : Join: aiiimose et fortiter, 
 Cic. 2. acriter (keenly, vigorously) : 
 Caes. : CSc. 3. alacriter (briskly) : 
 Amm. (Or by circuml., acrl or alacri 
 animo: v. spirited.) 
 
 spiritless : 1. ignavus (lacking 
 courage or energy) : bees s. with hunger 
 (apes) fame ignavae, Virg. G. 4, 259 : 
 .s. and feeble, i. et imbecillus, Cic. Rep. 
 I, ?2: V. cowardly, slothful. 2. 
 piger, gra, grum (shnv, inactive) : s. look, 
 p. vultus. Mart. 2, 11. Join: piger 
 tristisque, Apul. 3. imbellis (unwar- 
 like) : Join: ignavus et imbellis. Liv. ; 
 timiduset imbellis, Quint. 4. by phr., 
 imbecillusanimo, Cic. Am. 19.70: animo 
 deniisso atque humili, id. hunt. II, 2? : 
 animo abjecto fracUxiue, cf id. Am. 16, 
 59. See also dcll, flat. 
 
 spiritlessly : 1. ignave (for syn. 
 v. adj.): to crop the herbage s., (of ail- 
 ing cattle), i. carpere herbas, Virg. G. 
 J, 465 : with ref to style, Hor. Ep. 2, i, 
 67 (= tamely, without life or expressive- 
 ness). 2. abjecte (in a despairing, 
 unmanly luay) : Join: abjocte, timide 
 ignave, Cic. fuse 2. 2?, 55- 3. frt- 
 gide (esp. of style, flatly, tamely): 
 Quint.: Gell. 4, expr. by circuml. 
 paruni acriter s. alacriter: baud (parum) 
 alacri animo, etc.; v. spirited, spirit- 
 edly. 
 
 spiritlessness : animus abjectus, 
 (nimis) domis^us atque humilis: igna- 
 
 via: V. SPIRITLESS. 
 
 soiritual: I. Incorfioreal : cor- 
 poris cxpers : abomni corpore sejunctus, 
 i E 
 
 etc.: V. IMMATERIAL. Phr.: s. beings, 
 animi per se ip^os vivenies, Cic. Tusc 
 I, 16, J7. II. Relating to Oie spirit or 
 mind: expr. by animus, mens: bodily 
 and s. goods, corporis aniniique bona 
 $. pleasures, voluptates ab animo pru- 
 fectae, animi volupias, Kr. (e Cic.) 
 (N.B Spiritualis or spiritalis Is com- 
 mon in eccl. writers, and may t)e neces- 
 sary for theol. writing : cf Vulg. I Cor 
 ii. 15, spiritualis autem Judlcat omnia := 
 Gr. TrvevnoTHCOt.) |||. -Vot secular: 
 ecclcsiastii us, sacer: sometimes clerlc- 
 
 US: V. ECCLl-ilASTICAL. CLERICAL. 
 
 spiritualism: "spiritualismus (qui 
 dicitur). 
 
 spiritualist: •spiritualis (qui dici- 
 tur). 
 
 spirituality : "o exact word : perh. 
 "animus spiritualis, ingenium spirituale: 
 sometimes animus exceUus, qui a-lsa (. 
 coelestia special (sapit) : animus coe- 
 leslibu.> rebus imbiitus. 
 
 spiritually: animo, mente: v. mind. 
 Later (p'-rh. needed for iheoL writing), 
 spiritualiler: Vulg. i Cor. ii. 14. 
 
 spiritualty : ilerus, clerici : ». 
 
 CLERGY. 
 
 spit (subs.) : I. For roasting : 
 
 I. verii, us: Virg.: Ov. Rarely, 
 veruni : PI. 2. cu,-pis, idis,/. : Mart. 
 
 II. Of land: lingua: Liv. 44, 11. 
 spit (e.) : I, To run a S. Ihi ough : 
 
 Phr.: veru figere (transfigere), Virg. 
 Aen. 1,212. See also, to pierce, trans- 
 fix. II. To eject (saliva) from the 
 numth : 1. spuo, 1, utum, } (both 
 intrans. and trans.): to s. into one's 
 bosom, in sinum s., Plin. 28, 4, T : to s. 
 dirt from the mouth, terram ore s., Virg. 
 G. 4, 97. Comps.: (1.) exspuo, i (to s. 
 out): to s. into one's hand (iuirans.), ex. 
 in median) man 11m, Plin. 1. c. : to s. blood, 
 sanguinem e.. id. J5, 16, 5J. Kig. : to 
 reject with loathing : Cat. (2.) inspuo, 
 } (to s. on or upon) : foil, by in and 
 ace. : to s. in any one's face, in laciem 
 alicujus salivam 1., Sen. Ir. }, j8: also 
 with dat. of indirect, obj., ib. : Plin. 
 (3.) adspuo, J ( = inspuo: rare) Plin. 
 (4.) conspuo, J (to bespit: trans.) : Hor. 
 S. 2, 5, 41. Esp. to s. upon contemptu- 
 ously : Petr. (In this sense also freq. 
 consputi), 1 : Cic. Q. Fr. 2, }.) (5.) de- 
 spuo, J (to s. awny): esp. of s.ing by 
 way of charm : to avert epilepsy by 
 s.ing, comitialfm mnrbum d., Plin. 18, 
 4. "7- 2. sputo, 1 (fret,, of ^puo) : to 
 s. blood, sanguinem s., PI. Merc, i, 2, 30. 
 (■omps. : inspiiU), i (to «. in), PI.; con- 
 spulo, 1 : v. supr. 1. 3. exscreo, I 
 (to cough out, clearing the throat) : to S. 
 phlegm or blood, piiuitam, sanguinem 
 ex ,Cels. 4, 6. Also intrans. : Suet. Ner. 
 24. 4. expr. by spiitum, saliva, with 
 a verb : e. g. sputum edere, Cels. 2, 8, 
 med. : s. ejicere, id. (Kr.) to s. into any 
 one's bosom, in sinum alicujus sputa 
 mitiere. Mart. 2, 26: to s. in any 
 inie's face, OS alicujus spulo respergere, 
 Val. Max. 5. I, extr. 2. (N.B.— Not 
 salivare, which is to emit a mucus, as 
 snails, etc.) 
 
 spital : V. hospital. 
 
 spite (subs): 1. livor (jealous, 
 rancorous feel ing) : Join: malevo- 
 lentla et livor, D. Brut, in Cic. Fam. 11,10: 
 livor el maligiiitas, SueL Cal. 54: Tac 
 Ov. : V. jF.AU)isY. (Appy. ni.t ua>d by 
 Cic.) 2. malevOlentla (the disposition 
 to wish ill to another): calumny and »■., 
 obtrectatlo ot malevolentia, Cic. Q. Fr. 
 I, I, 15. Join: m. atque invidia, S;\ll. 
 C. I. 3. obtre<tiitio (ill-natured dis- 
 }iaragement) : v. slani>ek. 4. m^'- 
 ignitas (Uiat evil ami malicious dis- 
 position Hi which jealousy and s. are 
 foundtd : livor U'ing mure directly per- 
 sonal) : s. wears a mask of franknets, 
 malignitali falsa speci.s lil>erlatis inest, 
 I'ac. H. I, I : vejiomoiis s., m. multo 
 tincta veneno, S<ii. B. V. 18: cf. supr. 
 (1). 5. also ddium m.iy sometimes 
 serve: v. hatred. (Sinniltas=3 /"^hJ; 
 estranged and bitter fteling.) Phr. ■ 
 in s. of: no exact word or phr.; usu. 
 expr. by verb : Hercules, in s. of all the 
 aUurementt of pltasure, etc.. Hercnlee, 
 •;85
 
 SPITE 
 
 SPLUTTER 
 
 SPONT A N KTTT 
 
 omnibus voluptatum illecebris con- 
 temptis, etc., Kr. (not qiianquam with 
 part as Kr.): they were slain in s. of 
 the intercession of their fellow-citizens, 
 •civibus nequicquam (pro lis) deprecan- 
 tibus interfecti sunt: or, quum cives 
 summo studio pro iis deprecarentur, 
 etc. : in s. of the inferiority of his forces 
 he gained the victory, *milituin numero 
 inferior tamen victor proelio excessit : 
 or, quum... esset, tamen, etc.: he re- 
 tains his opinion in s. of all contrary 
 arguments, *contemptis, negleclis, om- 
 nibus adversarii rationibus, in sua per- 
 severat sententia (R. and A.) : some- 
 times perh. per may serve ; in s. of 
 dangers, enemies, missiles, per pericula, 
 per hostes, per tela, of. Virg. Aen. 2, 
 i58. See also although, notwith- 
 
 STANDrNG. 
 
 spite ("•)•■ ^y circuml. malevolentia 
 «. malignitate in aliquem uti, etc. ; v. 
 SPITE, subs. 
 
 spiteful : 1. malSvoIus (not 
 
 quite so strong as Etig.) Cic. : v. ill- 
 disposed. 2. lividus {full of ran- 
 corous, jealous feeling) : s. tongue, 1. 
 lingua, Ov. F. i, 74: Hor. Comp. Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 12, where the invidi et male- 
 voli et lividi, are grouped together. 
 3. malignus (most comprehensive 
 term): tfie most «. ^eopJe, malignissima 
 capita, Sen. V. B. 18. 4. infestus 
 (bitterly hostile, but not involving the 
 idea of maliciousness) : perh. the full 
 sense of Eiig. may be best expr. by 
 joining, infestus malevo'usque : infestus 
 malignusque, etc. 
 
 spitefully : mJllevole, mallgne, in- 
 fesie: malevolo infestoque animo : in- 
 festissirao iniquissimoque animo, etc. : 
 
 V. SPITEFUL. 
 
 spitefulness : v. spite. 
 
 spittle : 1. sputum (saliva actu- 
 ally spit out) : CeK2, 8; oft. pi.: Mart. 
 2, 26 : Lucr. 2. oris excrementum : 
 Tac. H. 4, 81. See also saliva. (Spu- 
 tamentum, v. late.) 
 
 spittoon : * vas ad excrementa oris 
 excipienda. (Perh. sputarium, for bre- 
 vity.) 
 
 splash ("■)•• aspergo.si, sum, j (with 
 ace. and abl. or ace. and dat.) : s.'d with 
 rain xnd mud, imbre lutoque aspersus, 
 Hor. Ep. I, II, II. 
 
 splash-board ; * tabula ad asper- 
 ginem exciplendam. 
 
 splay : v. to dislocate. 
 
 splay-footed: cujus pedum digiti 
 displodunlur, divaricant : cf. Varr. R. R. 
 2, 5, ad med. (Varicus, Ov. A. A. i, 
 J04 = straddling.) 
 
 spleen: I. Lit.: 1. lien, enis: 
 also lienis, is, m. : Cels. 4, 9 (where nom. 
 lienis occurs) : also pi., without diff. of 
 meaning, Caio, R. R. 157. 2. splen, 
 enis, m,. (Gr. <TvKr)v) . Col.: Plin. ||, 
 Fig.; vexation, mortification : nearest 
 word, stomachus (ill-temper) : to veitt 
 i/iie's s. on any one, s. in aliquem erum- 
 pere, Cic. Att. 16, j: out of s., bile et 
 stomacho. Suet. lib. 59, fin. (Never 
 splen or lien in this sense.) 
 
 splendid : I. in proper sense : 
 
 1. splendidus (i-esplendent, making 
 a great s/ioic) ; s. achievements, s. facta, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, 2?7 (but see infr. 4) : s. 
 geniuses, s. ingenia, Cic. de Off. i, 8, 26. 
 
 2. eminens, ntis (striking, stand- 
 ing out from the rest) : s. eloquence, e. 
 eloquentia, Tac. Dial. 25 : s. passages (in 
 a poem), eminentia. Quint. (R. and A.). 
 
 3. lautus (of furniture, entertain- 
 ments, etc.) : s. furniture, 1. supellex, 
 Cic. de Or. i, j6, 16; : a very s. [sumptu- 
 ous] enteiiainment, lautissima coena, 
 Plin. Ep. 9, 17. Join: magnificus et 
 lautus, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, fin. 4. ani- 
 plus (on a large, grand scale, magni- 
 ficent, distinguished) : no shows Tnore s. 
 or more popular, nullum munusamplius 
 aut gratius P. Romano, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 
 5, extr. : a very s. mansion, perh. domus 
 amplissima atque omatissima (domus 
 ampla, simply a spacious, fine house) : 
 $. achievements, amplissimae res gestae, 
 Cic. Att. 8, 9. 5. magnificus: v. 
 UAGNIFICKNT. II, CoUoq., excellent: 
 
 186 
 
 insignis: cf. Phaedr. i, ii, 14: prae- 
 
 clarus: v. fine, excellent. 
 splendidly : I. With splendour 
 
 and distinction : 1. splendide : 
 
 Join; magnitice splendideque [con- 
 vivium ornare], Cic. 2. magnifice : 
 v. magnificently. 3. laute (in good 
 styk) : Cic. : Nep. ||. CoUoq., excel- 
 lently: praeclare, insigniter, optime: v. 
 
 EXCELLENTLr, ADMIRABLY, etc. 
 
 splendour: I. Orig. sense, bril- 
 liancy : splendor, nitor v. brilliancy. 
 II, Fig.: magnificnce, distin- 
 guished nature of anything : 1. 
 splendor: s. of house and living, a. 
 domus victusque, Gell. i, 14: s. of the 
 empire, s. imperii, Cic. Man. 14, 41. 
 Join: gloria splendorque : splendor et 
 amplitude, Cic. 2. magnificentia; 
 v. magnificence. 3. lautitia (of 
 style of liiing) : Cic. Fam. 9, 16, fin.: 
 oft. pi. : fond of elegance and s., mundi- 
 tiarum lautitiarumque siudiosus. Suet. 
 Caes. 46. 4. fulgor (esp. of /ame : 
 poet, and late) : s. of name and fame, 
 nominis famaeque f., Ov. Tr. 5, 12, J9; 
 so, gloriae f., Val. Max.* claritatis f.. 
 Quint : Hor. 5. cultus, us (s. if dress 
 and equipage) : requiring some qualify- 
 ing word or adjunct : s. of a triumph, 
 c. triumphi. Veil. 2, 129: royal s., regius 
 cultus, Nep. 6. nitor {great beMUly 
 and elegance) : s. of description, n. et 
 cultus descriptionum, Tac. Or. 20. See 
 also lustre, renown, glort. 
 
 splenetic: I. Lit.: Uenosus, 
 
 splenicus : Plin. : spleneticus, Apul. 
 II. Fig.: perh. amarus (cf. Cic. 
 Att. 14, 21, senectus amariorem me 
 facit), morosus, stoniachosus: v, peev- 
 ish, irritable. 
 splice : Jungo, connecto, etc. : v. to 
 
 JOIN. 
 
 splint : I. Broken piece of hone : 
 fragmentum (ossis) : Cels. ||, In 
 
 surgery : 1. ferula . to fit s.s (to a 
 broken limb), ferulas acconimodare et 
 circumponere. ib. : imponere, ib. $ 2. 
 
 2. cJinalis, is, m. (a tubular s. : 
 whereas the ferulae were thin boards 
 put round tite limb) : to put a leg into 
 a (tubular) s., crus in canalem conjicere, 
 ib. 8. 10, 5. Also, canaliculus (strictly 
 dimin.) : ib. 
 
 splinter (subs.): 1. assiila: to 
 knock a door to s.s, foribus facere assu- 
 las, PI. Merc, i, 2, 19 : s.s of marble 
 (such as workmen throw off), a. mar- 
 moreae, Viir. 7, 6. Hence adv. assula- 
 tim, in S.S (in shivers), PI. : assulose, 
 Plin. 2. fragmentum : s. of a bone, 
 f. ossis, Cels. 8, 10, i. 3. caementum 
 (chifping : usu. pi.) : Vitr. 1. c. (c. mar- 
 morea). 
 
 splinter ("■) •■ *assulatim findo, con- 
 fringo . v. splinter, subs. 
 
 splintery : qui assulose frangitur : 
 Plin. 12, 22, 48. 
 
 split («■)•■ I. Trans.: findo, 
 
 fidi, ssum, j: Virg.: Ov. Comp. dil- 
 findo (s. asunder) .- to s. a vine right 
 through the pith, vitem mediani per 
 medullam d., Cuto, R. R. 41 ; Cic. Hor. 
 Sometimes perfringo, perrumpo, may 
 be precise enough : v. to break 
 THROUGH, BuitsT. ||. Intrans. : 
 
 1. expr. by findo, diffindo, either 
 with pron. refl., or as reft. pass. : to s. 
 in two, in duns partes findi, Ov. M. 4, 
 586 : cf. also Hor. S. i, 8, 47. 2. dis- 
 silio, ui, 4 (tofiy asunder) : rocks s. ivith 
 heat, d. saxa vapore, Lucr. i, 491 : Plin. 
 P h r. : to s. on a rock, usu. tig. : perh. 
 naufragium facere, pessumdari : v. ship- 
 wreck, RUIN. 
 
 split (subs.) : fissiira : Col. Also 
 sometimes (esp. in augury, of a divided 
 liver), fissum : Cic. 
 
 split (part, adj.) ; 1. fissus 
 
 (cloven) : Lucr. . Suet. 2. fissilis, e 
 (usu.^that may be ck>ren): Col. 9, i, 
 ad init. Cornice : to have one's head s., 
 fissile caput habere, PI. Aul. }, 2, 26. 
 
 3. bisulcus (cloven) : Virg. 
 splutter («■) : i- e. to speak hastily 
 
 and conjusedly: nearest word, balbu- 
 tire: v. to stammer. More precisely, 
 balba ac periurbata voce loqui : voce 
 
 non explanabili sed balbutienti et per. 
 turbata et verborum inefficaci uti: c£ 
 Sen. Ir. i, j, 5. 
 
 spoil {subs.): 1, sp61ium ■ us'i- 
 pi. (strictly, armour stripped from a 
 conquered foe) : the s.s of the slain 
 general, s. duels caesi, Liv. i, 10: tc 
 tear off the gory s.s, cruenta a. detrahere, 
 Cic. R. Am. 50, 146. In wider sense . 
 Tiaval s.s (i. e. rostra), navalia s., Suet 
 Aug. 18 : and used of standards, trophies, 
 etc. Fig.: to increase our uealth from 
 the s.s cf others, spoliis aliorum opes 
 augere, Cic. Off. j, 5, 22. 2. exuviae 
 arum {armour stripped from the per- 
 son : chiefly poet.) Virg. Aen. 2, 275. 
 So ex. nauticae, Cic. Man. 18, 55. 3 
 praeda (booty) : v. plunder. 
 
 spoil (!'■): A. Trans.: |. Tc 
 plunder, strip by violence : J. spolio, 
 I : usu. with ace. and abl. or ace. alone : 
 to s. temples, houses, cities, fana, do- 
 mos, urbes s., Caes. : Cic. : v. to plun- 
 der. Strengthened, exsp61io, i : Cic. ; 
 Sail. 2. praedor, i : v. to plunder. 
 II, To mar, injure, destroy: 1 
 corrunipo, rupi, ruptum, } (to break up 
 and make an end of : most gen. term) : 
 to s. the springs (by choking them up, 
 etc.), aquarum fontes c. Sail. Jug. 55 : 
 to s. fine opportunities, magnas oppor- 
 tunitates c, Sail. Cat. 4) : Caes. : esp. aa 
 pass, refl., v. infr. (B.). 2. perdo, } . 
 V. TO destroy, ruin. 3. vitio, I ffo 
 jnake faulty, cause a flaw in); to s.a 
 tool in work, ferramentum in opere v., 
 Col. II, I, med. : (the stream) ii s.'d by 
 briny salts, salibus vitiatur amarls, Ov. 
 M. 15, 286. 4, depravo, i (to worsen, 
 deteriorate : but not with ref. to material 
 tilings): V. TO pervert. See also infr. 
 (III.). |||. With ref. to character, to 
 corrupt by indulgence: 1, deprava 
 I : Cic. Att. 10, 4 (puerum indulgentia 
 d.) : Caes. 2. corrumpo, } : Ter. Ad. 
 1, 2, 17 : V, To CORRUPT. 3. perdo, 
 J: Ter. Ad. i, i, j6. more fully, morts 
 liberorum perdere, Quint, i, 2, 6. If 
 nothing more than the act of over indul- 
 gence be meant, use nimium indulgere, 
 cf. Ter. 1. c. : nimis molliter educare : 
 moUiore educationis ratione uti, cf. 
 Quint. I, 2, 6. (Indulgere does not of 
 itself imply excess.) B. Intrans.: 
 corrumpor, j : / must take care these 
 {fish) don't s., hi mihi ne corrumpantur 
 cautio est, Ter. Ad. i, }, 67 : so, pran- 
 dium c, ib. 4, 2, 49. 
 
 spoiler : spOUator : Cic. : Liv. 
 
 spoke: radius: Virg.: Ov. 
 
 spokesman: 1. orator; Caes. 
 
 B. Gr. 4, 27 ; Liv. i, }2, med. (nearly = 
 legatus). 2. interpres, 6tis, c. (go- 
 between) : (Mercury) the s. of the gods, 
 divuni i., Virg. Aen. 4, J78. if the sense 
 is simply one speaking on the part of 
 others who are present, expr. by verba 
 facere pro ... : v. TO speak. 
 
 spoliation : spOllatio : Cic. : Liv. 
 See also pillage, plunder, pecula- 
 tion. 
 
 spondaic; spondaicus: Diom. 
 
 spondee: spondeus(Gr. (nroi-Seros): 
 Cic: Hor. 
 
 aVOnge {subs.) : l. spongia: Plin.; 
 Lucr. To wipe with a s., spongiare, 
 -izare, Apic. (Better, spongia deter- 
 gere, abstergere: v. to wipe.) 2, 
 penicillus (a soft kind of s. used for 
 medical purposes): Plin. ;i, 11, 47 
 (moUissimum genus earum penicilli). 
 
 sponge ("•)•■ I. To wipe out: v. 
 preced. art. ||, To impose upon 
 
 hospitality : se inferre atque intrudere, 
 etc.: V. to intrude. More precisely, 
 *iiivocatum se apud alterum inviiare 
 ibique manere. 
 
 ■ -cake ! * placenta spongiosa 
 
 (quae appellatur). 
 
 sponginess : * spongiosa natura: na- 
 tura qualis est spongiarum. 
 
 spongy : spongiosus : Cels. : Plin. 
 
 sponsor ; in baptism, sponsor : Ter?, 
 de Bapt. 
 
 sponsorship : expr. by sponsor. 
 
 Spontaneity : i- e. the quality oj 
 
 acting uithout solicitation : expr. by 
 sponte, and similar A-ords: to possess *.
 
 b r O -N 1" A N K O U S 
 
 S P K A I .\ 
 
 S I' K t A D 
 
 (^ motion, ex se sponte moveri, Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 12. 52: still more empliati- 
 cally, niotu iuteriore cieri et siio. id. 
 Tusc. I. 2t. 54: or simply, a se (ipso) 
 moveri, se ipsiim movere. ib. : Vity teach 
 the s. of tlie human riill, *hominis vo- 
 luntatem proprio guo iropulsu cieri 
 (moveri, ferri) docent. 
 spontaneous : 1. expr. by (sua) 
 
 sponle: V. SPONTAKF.OUSLY. 2. ^''^• 
 
 lunlarius : tlii^ unirers'- hns all its mnve- 
 mxnts s., natura miindi onines motus 
 habet v., Cic. N. 1). 2, 22, ;8: cf. ili. 16, 
 44: 0/° a plant i>f s. growth ("wild"), 
 Plin. 2o, 22, 90. 3. sixinlaiieus 
 
 (proceeding from fri'e-will : late, and 
 to be avoided) : s. (ivluntari/) motion, 
 6. motus. Sen. Ep. 121, ^ : Macr. 4. 
 ultroneus (unbidden, viVmut vaiting 
 for solicitation : late and rare) : Sen. 
 Phr. : they teach the doctrine of s. 
 generation, * niaieriam proprio suo 
 instinctu aniniari docent : animalia 
 quaedam sua sponte nasci docent, nee 
 vi creatrice opus esse ut gignantur. 
 
 spontaneously: i. sua spome: 
 
 other (trets) coiiif. up s., allae [nullis 
 bominuni cogentibusj ipsae s. sua ve- 
 niunt, Virg. G. 2,11: so, sua s., opp. 
 alleno impulsu, Cic. N. D. 2, 12, J2. 
 ^N.B. — In prose, usu. sua sponte rather 
 than sponte sua: cf. L. G. } 67J.) 
 2. vfiluntate: Cic. N. D. 2, 16. 44 
 (opp. vi) : Join: sua sponte et volun- 
 taie, id. Part. 57, fin. 3. expr. by 
 mo<lal abl.. e. g. motu interiore, suo 
 impulsn, etc. : cf. spoNTANErrr. 4. 
 ultro (unsolicited, withoid waiting for 
 some beginning from the other side) : 
 
 V. VOLUNTARILY. 
 
 spool : perh. fusus- v. bf.el. 
 
 spoon : cochlear, aris, n. (also, less 
 freq., cochleare, cochlearium): Cels. 6, 
 14 : Plin. (N.B. — The cochlear was 
 used in eating eggs and snails : the one 
 end, ace. to Forcell., being s.-shaped and 
 the other pointed: cf. Mart. 14, 121, 
 lemma cochleare : the ligula was larger, 
 lb. 8, }j, 2} [v. LADLE]: savillum 
 [given by R. and A.] is a kind of 
 cheese-cake ; Cato, R. R. 84.) 
 
 spoonful: cochleare, is, n. .• Col. 12, 
 21 (c. cumulatum, a good s.) ; M. L. 
 
 sporadic : ranis (far apart, widely 
 scattered): Cic: Caes. Fever not epide- 
 mic but s., *febri8 non vulgo propagata 
 Bed raris in locis: cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 19. 
 
 sporadically : v. preced. art. 
 
 sport {subs.): I. Amusement, play : 
 liidus, lusiis; v. plat, game, amuse- 
 ment. Phr.: in s., Joci caasa, Cic Ph. 
 2, 17, 42 : per ludum et jocum, id. Verr. 
 1, 6d. 155: Plin. Kp. 5, 14, extr. ||. 
 Ridicule, derision : 1. irrisio, irrisus ; 
 V. MOCKERY (1). 2. ludibrium e*p. 
 
 in such plirr. as, per ludibrium, in ludi- 
 brium, etc. : V. MOCKERY (2). III. 
 Diversion in the field, hunting: vena- 
 
 tio : V. HUNTING. 
 
 sport ("•) •■ 1. ludo, J • V. TO PLAY. 
 
 2. lascivio, ii, Ituni, 4 (to frolic as 
 young animals do) : Ov. : v. to fuisk. 
 
 sportive: 1. j<3c6sus (prop, of 
 
 language only): to sing s. irords,}. can- 
 ere verba, Ov. F. 6,692 : .«. echo,], imago, 
 Hor. Od. I, 12, J. Also of acts: s. theft. 
 j. furtum, ib. i, 10, 8. 2. ludTcer, 
 era, crura (partaK-ing of the nature of 
 sport or recreation) : to take delight 
 in s. eaercise, 1. e.xercitatione delectari, 
 Cic. N. D. I, 27, init.: versifying 
 and such like s. employment, versus 
 et cetera 1., Hor. Ep. 1, i, 10. 3. fes- 
 tivus (suited for a festive <>cca.':ion, 
 merry): v. merry. 4. lascTvus (play- 
 ful, like young animals): mure s. than 
 a young kid. tenero lascivior haedo, Ov. 
 M. ij, 791 : s. (playful) language, 1. 
 verba, Hor. A. P. 107. So, to tie s., las- 
 civire, Ov. : Col. Phr.: to produce s. 
 effusions, ludere (aliquid), Hor. Od. 4, 
 9,9: Virg. 
 
 sportively : 1. jocose : Cic. : 
 
 Heir 2. per jocum, jocl causa: v. 
 
 SlMiRT (I.), JOKE. 
 
 sportiveness : 1. lascivia : 
 
 Join: hilariias et lasclvia, Cic. Fin. 2, 
 10, 65 : per lusum atque lasciviam, Liv. 
 
 I, ;. (Capable of worse sense : v. wan- 
 TONNFAs.) 2. hilaritas : v. mibth. 
 
 See also >iiirt. 
 
 sportsman: venator: V. HtJNTEB, 
 
 HUNTINCi. 
 
 spot {subs.): I. A mark: 1, 
 
 macula: (a hoise) with while $.s. albis 
 m., Virg. Aen. y, 49: ti, take s.s (soils) 
 out of clothes, m. auferre de vestibus, 
 Ov. F. J, 821 : to remove freckles and s.s 
 from the face, leniigines ac m. de facie 
 t., Plin. 20, 2, 4. Freq. in fig. sense = 
 stain, disgrace, blot : Cic. : Ter. 2. 
 nOta (mark by which anything may be 
 kniivm) : V. habk. 3. 'abes. Is, /. 
 (blot, stain) : v. staln. ilarki-d with 
 jf J, maculosus : v. spotted. ||, Exact 
 place : locus : also in poet, setles : v. 
 place. I'hr. : on the s.: (1.) stiitim 
 (cf Germ, stehendes Fusses): v. im- 
 mediately. (2 ) ibidem (in the very 
 same place) : some birds of prey tore it 
 to pieces on thf s., volucres (avem) ibid- 
 em discerpseruiit, Suet. Caes. 81 : Cic. 
 Inv. 2, 51, 1^4. Join: ibidem statim, 
 Suet. Aug. 87. 
 
 spot (i'-) •■ n6to, notis distinguo : v. 
 TO MARK. (In prose, maculare = to 
 stain, bVit, disgrace : in poet., to soil, 
 discohiur.) 
 
 spotless: I. I^'t.: nullis ma- 
 
 culis, sine maculi.s, expers maculis: v. 
 .SPOT. II, Fig.: of irreproachable 
 
 character : 1. sanctus : s. virgins, 
 s. virgines, Hor. Od. 1, 2, 27: strength- 
 ened, sanctissima coiijux, Virg. Aen. ii, 
 158: Cic. Join: [nemo] neque inte- 
 grior neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. i, 5;, 
 229. 2. purus : V. pure. Strength- 
 ened, sceleris purus (Gr. constr.) : Hor. 
 Od. I, 22, 1. 3. integer (lit. un- 
 touched, unstained) : of perfectly s. life, 
 Integerrima vita, Cic. Pi. init.; integer 
 vitae (poet, constr.): Hor. 1. c. 4, 
 castus (morally pure): Join: castis- 
 simus homo atque integerrimus, Cic. Fl. 
 28, 68 : puri.sslma et castissima [\ita], 
 id. R. CJom. 6, 17. 5. expr. by cir- 
 cuml., nullis nee vitae nee morum men- 
 dis: omui vitae morumque turpitudine 
 remotissimus : sine labe, sine macula : 
 
 v. STAIN. 
 
 spotlessly: sine labe: Ov. Pont. 2, 
 7, 49. .s'. pure, castissimus, purissimus, 
 etc. : V. spotless. 
 
 spotted ; / 1, mSciilosus : a s. 
 
 spotty : 5 llfx. m. lynx, Virg. Aen. 
 1. J 2 J- 2. hy circuml., maculis dis- 
 tinclus, sp:irsus, insignis : v. spt)T. 
 
 spottiness : expr. by adj. : V. 
 
 SPOTTY. 
 
 spousal : v. betrothal. 
 
 spouse : 1. conjux, ugis, c. (hus- 
 band or wife) : chiefly poet., but used 
 in higher prose = uxor : Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 
 18. 2. iu ord. pro.se; niaiitus, uxor: 
 V. HUSBAND, WIFE. (Sponsus, -a, := be- 
 trothed : male or female.) 
 
 spout (subs.) : I. Of a vessel : os. 
 oris, n. : v. mocth. ||. The pipe 
 which carries off water from the roif of 
 a house: canalis, is, m. (water-pipe of 
 any kind) : more precisely, os canalis : 
 canalis extremus per quem coelestis 
 aqua tegulis excepta dejicitur : cf. Vilr. 
 J, 5 ( J), extr. 
 
 spout ('•■)•■ I. To spring up, of 
 fluids: 1. emico, ui, atuni, i: the 
 blood S£ up on high, cruor e. alte, Ov. M. 
 4, 121 : cf. ib. 6, 260, sanguis se ejacu- 
 latus in altum emicat et longe terebrata 
 prosilit aura (where all three words in 
 italics correspond pretty closely to 
 Eng.). 2. prosilio, ui, 4: Ov. I. c. 
 
 3. se ejaeiilari in altum • Ov. 1. c. 
 II. To deliver speeches : dcclamo, i : 
 V. to declaim. 
 
 spouter : perh. contionator : Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 5, 9. 
 
 sprain ("•) •• 1. intorqueo, si, 
 
 turn, 2 : to s. one's ankle, talum i., Auct. 
 B. Hisp. [8. 2. perh. ion\ ello, } (to 
 wrench violently) : cf. Col. 6. 16, saepe 
 etiam (lios).... aut duriori s<>lo aut 
 obviae radici obluciatus cunvelllt armos 
 (overstrains the shoulders). Luxare is 
 to put out of joint : and in the chapp. of 
 Cels. treating of injuries of the joints. 
 
 only fractures and dislocations art 
 mentioned: Ub. 8. Phr.: t.s are often 
 worse to heal than fractures, * saepe 
 diflScilius saiiantur membra quae ex 
 nlmia nervorum contentione (disien- 
 lione) laborant quam quae fracla sunt. 
 
 sprain (subs.) .• perh. * nimia nervor- 
 um coiitentio : v. preced. art. 
 
 sprat: clupeasprattus: I.inn. 
 
 sprawl : I'hr.: U> lie sing on the 
 ground, • uiembris temere porrectis 
 hum! Jac< re : he stretched him s.ing on 
 the sand, roulta porrectum extendi! 
 arena, Virg. Aen. 9, 589 : cf. also Ov. 
 M. 7, 25}, in plenog resolutum soranos 
 ... stratis porrexit In herbi.s, 1. e. /ost 
 asleep and s.ing on the level grots. The 
 sense may also be approaiheil by fundu, 
 } : cf. Virg. 6, 422. immaiiia terga [Cer- 
 berus] resolvit fusus hiimi, lotoque 
 ingens exl^iditur antro (the words in 
 italics together convey ih-- full sense of 
 Eng.): of. Ov. M. ij, f!;, ingenti resu- 
 pinum pondere ludi (tent him s.ing). 
 
 spray : |. a light dew : 1. as- 
 pergi), inis, /. : salt s. (of llie tea), salsa 
 a., Virg. Aen. j, 5J4 : Plin. 2. roa, 
 roris, m. : (poet.) to sprinkle with light 
 S. (in lustration), r. lev! spargere, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 2jo: v. dew. ||. a light 
 feathei-y Iwig : perh. * ramUMulus levin 
 comansqiie. 
 
 spread : A. 'I' r a n s. : |. To 
 extend in length and breadth over a 
 larger area: 1. extendo, di, sum 
 and turn, }: to s. out (parehment) with 
 a mallet, (chartam) malleo ex , Plin. ij, 
 12, 26 : to s. out the wings (of an army), 
 comua ex.. Curt.: v. to stretch out. 
 
 2, pando, di, nsum and ssum, ; (s. 
 out wide or loose): to s. out the (open) 
 hands (in prayer), palmas p., Lucr. ;, 
 12CO: to s. out figs or grapes (to dry), 
 ficus, uvas in sole p.. Col. Strength- 
 ened: (1.) expando, J : Plin.: Col. (2.) 
 dispando, i (rare) : clothes s. in the sun, 
 dispansae vestes in sole, Lucr. : PI. 
 
 3, explleo, avi and ui, atum and 
 itum, I (by unfolding) : to s. out rai- 
 ment (so as to expose it to i-iei'), vestem 
 ex., Cic. de Or. 1, j;, 161 : 1/ (the vine) 
 S.S out its leaves, froiides ex., Virg. G. 2, 
 j;5: v. to unfold. 4. diffundo, 
 fudi, sxmi, i (in the manner of a stream, 
 equably and freely) : the sky beams with 
 light s. abroad, nitet diffuso lumine coe- 
 lum, Lucr. i, 9: Cii. : cf. infr. (B.). 
 
 II. To unfold : esp. In phrr. to s. 
 sail, s. a vet : pando, }: to s. the sails 
 of argument, vela orationis p., Cic Tusc 
 4, 5, 9 : to «. nets, retia p., Plin. (But 
 the common prose phrr. are, vela dare 
 and faeere : retia tendere or ponere . v. 
 SAIL, NET.) To s. one's tent, tentorium 
 tendere, Caes. B. C. }, 82. Also alwol., 
 tendere : v. to pitch (A.), and tknt. 
 
 III. To cover, f urriish : I'hr.: to s. 
 a banquet before any one, convivium 
 alicui apparare, explicare. Mart i, 99 
 (100) : citios alicui apponere, in men- 
 sam, fi. Men. i, j, 29: v. to prepare- 
 
 IV. To s. abroad, propagate: vul- 
 go, I : to s. (be the means of s.ing) com- 
 plaints, morbos v., Liv. j, 6: Curl. 
 
 V. To publish: 1. difffro, dis- 
 lull, dilaium, j, irr. (to set a stoiy 
 abroml: UMi. with ref. to something 
 false) : more fully, seriiionibus d. (to 
 s. abroad by talk), 1-iv. 14. 49 (with 
 direct obj.): also folL by clause: to *. 
 
 tlie report about any one that 
 
 alicui famam d (foil, by ace. and 
 
 inf.), PI. Trin. ?. 2, 65 : Ter. also with 
 clause introd. by tanquiim. quasi : Tac. 
 
 2. effero. J, i>T. (to make a secret 
 thing ' knotLii) : v. to publish. 3. 
 divulgo, I : more fully, semionibus d, 
 Cic: v. to publish. .Mso in same 
 sense, vulgo, l : to s. abroad the tidings 
 of a aime. facinus v. per omnes, Liv. 
 28, 27 : and strengthened, pervulgo, 1 : 
 Cic. (Evulcare. like efferre, of making 
 a secret knnn-n : 1. 1 v.: Tac) 4. 
 
 sfiro, sevi, satuni. } (to disseminate): to 
 s. abroad charges against the senate 
 among the Imrer ortl'^rs. crimina in 
 senatiimapud infimae plebig homines a., 
 Liv. 24, 2}, fin. : to s. rumours, rumores 
 781
 
 SPREADING 
 
 SPRING 
 
 SPRDCENESS 
 
 s., Virg. 5. in pass, sense may be 
 nsed : exeo, emano, percrebresco, etc. : v. 
 infr. (B.), and to get abroad. Ph r. : 
 ;o «. abroad mysterious hints, spargere 
 Toces in vulgum ambiguas, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 99. B. In trans. : |, To become ex- 
 tended : 1. expr. bypass, refi. of verbs 
 nnder (A.) : esp. (1.) diffundor, j : the 
 branches (antlers) s. out very wide [as 
 in the case of the palm, palma], rami 
 4uam late diffunduntur, Caes. B. li. 6, 
 26: so, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 6, ramls diffundi 
 (of the tree) : the nutriment s.s through 
 the trunks and boughs, cibus per truiicos 
 ac per ramos d., Lucr. i, ^54. (Cf. Val. 
 Max. I, 6, }, where diffiindere aquam 
 per agros=:io allow it to s. abroad omr 
 the land.) Join: diffundi et patescere, 
 Plin. Ep. 2, 17. }. (2.) extender, ; : the 
 fire s.s through the plains, ignis per 
 campos ex., Virg. Aen. 10, 407 : so of a 
 plain itself, Ov. M. i, 4J. (3.) porrigor, 
 i (with a longitudinal direction) : {the 
 ground s.s out into a plain, in plaiii- 
 tiem p., Tac. A. ij, j8. (N.B.— The 
 above may also be used act. with ace. 
 of pron. refl.) 2. patesco, ui, j (to 
 open out unde, as a plain) : Plin. Ep. 2, 
 l^, J: Tac. 3. serpo, psi, ptum, } 
 (as a creeping plant, or a sore or can- 
 cer) : the vine s.ing with inti-icate and 
 erratic course, vitis serpens multiplici 
 lapsu et erratico, Cic. Sen. 15, 52 : cancer 
 S.S, cancer s., Ov. M. 2, 826 : Cels. 4. 
 evagor, i (vander and range abroad) : 
 Plin. 19, 8, 48 (of a plant running wild, 
 e. per agros). ||. Jn fig. sense, to be- 
 come uidely prevalent: 1, incre- 
 bresco, brui (-besco, -bui), i ^to become 
 frequent, gain ground : immorality is 
 s.ing daily, mores deteriores in dies i., 
 PI. Merc. 5, I, 9 : licence was s.ing, in- 
 crebrescel«t licentia, Tac. A. j, 60: 
 Cic. ( = to become prevalent). 2. so 
 percrebresco, j (stronger than preced. : 
 to become very generally prevalent) ; 
 when this report has s. abroad, quum 
 haec fama percrebruerit, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 50, 68: Caes. 3. mano, i: the evil 
 has s. through Italy, malum per Ilaliam 
 manavit, Cic. Cat. 4, ;, 6: the rumour s.s 
 through the u'hole city, m. lota urbe ru- 
 mor, Liv. So emano, i (to get abroad, be- 
 come Icnoum) : to circulate and s. amongst 
 the people, exire atque in vulgus e., Cic. 
 K. Am. I, ? : the evil s. more widelii, 
 malum latius emanabat, Flor. 4, 9, 5. 
 (Cic. would have said manabat.) 4. 
 serpo, psi, ptum, j (to s. gradually and 
 insidiously) : contagion s.s, a. contagia, 
 Virg. G. J, 46}: the rumour ss, s. ru- 
 mor, Cic. Mur. 21, fn.: esp. of evils: 
 cf. id. Ph. 4, J, fin., malum obscure re- 
 pens multas provincias occupavit. 5. 
 evagor, i (of a disease) : Liv. j, 7, fm. 
 (late evagata est vis morbi). 6. to s. 
 through, take possession of, occiipo, i 
 (of fear, belief, etc., filling peopWs 
 minds) : such a panic s. through all the 
 army, tantus timor omnem exercitum 
 occupavit, Caes. B. G. i, ig : such a 
 superstitious feeling has s. through the 
 minds of the Sicilians, tanta superstitio 
 mentes omuiimi Siculorum occupavit, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 51, iij: Christianity s. 
 through the whole R. empire, Chrisli 
 fides totum imperium R. occupavit : cf. 
 supr. 4 (last ex.). 
 
 spreading (adj.): patiilus: Virg. 
 E. I, I (p. fagus) : Cic. 
 sprig : ramusculus, virgiila : v. twig. 
 spright: v. spirit. 
 sprightliness : nearest word, ala- 
 crltas (briskness, liveliness, good spirits) : 
 Cic. 
 sprightly : 1. alacer, cris, ere 
 
 v. CHEERFUL, BRISK, I.IVEr.T. 2. ve- 
 
 getus (fresh, full of life and anima- 
 tion): v. LIVELY. (N.B.— Both words 
 express a higher quality than Eng.) 
 3. hilaris: v. cheerful. 
 spring (subs.): I. The season: 
 1. ver, veris, n. : at the beginning 
 of s., ineunte vere, Cic. Man. 12, extr. : 
 principio veris. Col. (Kr.): primo vere 
 {at the very beginning of s.' Liv. 21, 
 21 : quum ver esse coepit, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 10, extr. : s. xvas noio at karul, jam v 
 
 appetebat, Liv. 22, extr.: at the very 
 first doubtful signs of s., ad prima ac 
 dubia signa veris, ib. 21, ;8, init. 2. 
 vernum tempus : Cic. Sen. 19. 70: Lucr! 
 I'o be like s., fresh and green : vemare : 
 cf. Plin. 2, 50, ;i, in Italia aer semper 
 quodammodo vernat vel auctumnat (is 
 always either s. or autumn) : Ov. ||. 
 By anal., the s. of life : iniens aetas', 
 iniens pueritia vel adolescentia : v. 
 YOUTH. (Or perh. *ver um quoddam 
 aetatis tempus.) \\\. An elastic force: 
 *elater; spira e ferro recellente facta 
 (Kr.). IV, A leap : saltus, us : v. 
 LEAF. To make a s., salire : v. to leap. 
 V. Of water: \, fons, ntis, to. : 
 a place having plenty of s.s, locus fonti- 
 bus abundans, Cic. Rep. 2, 6 : a fresh- 
 water s., f. dulcis aquae, id. Verr. 4, ; }, 
 118. Also used poet. = s. wa^er: Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 119, 2. scaturigo, inis, /. 
 (trater bubbling up and oozing through 
 the ground); Col. j, 15, »»i«/. : Liv. 
 Phr. : «. water, saliens aqua, Plin. Ep 
 2, 17, 25 : also, scaturiens aqua. Pall. • 
 abounding in s.s, scaturiginosus, Col. 5, 
 8 (ivith water oozing up). 
 
 spring (adj.) : vernus : «. fi/>irers, 
 V. flores, Ov. : Hor. : Cic. Esp. in phr. 
 vernum tempus : v. preced. art. (1.). 
 
 spring(".).- A. Intrans. : |. 
 To grow up : 1. enascor, natus, } : a 
 laurel Itad sprung up in tlie stein of a 
 ship of war, lauream in puppi navis 
 longae enatam, Liv. J2, i, fin. : Varr. : 
 Tac: Suet. (Nasci=:to <7)-o)«; Plin. 
 pass.) 2. venio, provgnio, 4 (the 
 former poet.) ; to s. up trithout cultiva- 
 tion, sponte sua v., Virg. 6. 2, 1 1 : sponte 
 sua provenire, Plin. 17, init. 3. cres- 
 co, } : v. to grow. 4. other rarer or 
 more poet, exprr. are, surgpre, Virg. G. 
 2. 14 : puUulare, se subjicere (to shoot 
 up), ib. 16 and 18 : exoriri. Lucr. i, 
 180: emergere, Cic Sen 15, 51 (of the 
 blade of corn coming forth to view) : 
 and in causative sense, submittere (to 
 cause to s. up), Lucr. i, 8 (suaves dae- 
 dala tellus submittit fJores). ||. As a 
 river or s., to have its source (Lit.) : 
 nascor, 6rior: v. to rise (ill.). Also 
 emico, I (to come spouting up): Liv. 
 44. JJ- III. To begin, as a gale : orioT, 
 exOrior, surgo : v. to rise (III.). |V. 
 To be descended from : esp. in p. part. 
 sprung: which is expr. by, 1. or- 
 lus : or where remoter origin is indi- 
 cated, oriuudus : (l.)ortus: s. from the 
 same grade, ex eodem loco o., I'er. Eun. 
 2, 2, 10: (the Belgae) s. from the Ger- 
 mans, o. a Germanis, Caes. B. G. 2, 4 : 
 and without prep, equestri loco o., Cic. : 
 Liv. (2.) oriundus: s. from Syracuse, 
 oriundus a Syracusis, Liv. 24, 6 (where 
 immediate parentage is e.xpr. by natus) : 
 foil, by ex to denote the persoyis from 
 I'hom descent is traced, ib. 2, 9 (ex 
 Etruscis o.): but also ab, Cic. Top. 
 6, 29 (qui ab ingenuis o. sunt. Vet. 
 Lex). 2. natus (denoting imiuediate 
 parentage : with abl.) : v born, son. 
 More exactly in sense of Eng., progna- 
 tus: Romulus s. from the loins of a 
 god, Romulus deo p., Liv. : loll, by ex 
 and ab, Caes. : v. descended (3). 3, 
 satus (chiefly poet.) : with abl: O thou 
 s. from the blood of gods, sate sanguine 
 divum. Virg. Aen. 6, 125: cf. Liv. i8, 
 s8, non sanguine humano sed stirpe 
 divina s. (in a rhetor, passage). 4. 
 editus (poet.) : v. descended. V. 'J'" 
 proieed from : mano, emano, orior ; v. 
 To proceed from (IV.); also prOlicis- 
 cor, etc. : v. to originate. VI. ^o 
 leap, bound : salio, ii, and ui, Itum, 4 : 
 and more freq. comps. : (1.) exsilio, 4 
 (tn s.from) : he sprang hastily from his 
 seat, properans de sella exsiluit. Cic. 
 Verr. 2, jo, 7?: / sprang (eagerly) to 
 you, exsilui ad te, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1.44. 
 (2.) desilio, 4 (to s. down): to s.don-n 
 from a chariot, etc., curru, essedo. equis 
 d., Caes. : Cic. (3.) insjlio, 4 (to ,«. upon) : 
 to s. upon a horse, ins. in equum. Liv. 6, 
 7 : to s. upon any one (to attack him), 
 ins. in aliquera, Apul. (4.) prosTlio, 4 
 (to s.forward) : the king sprang (started) 
 from hit throne, rex ab sede sua prp- 
 
 siluit, Liv. 2, 12 : Cic. (5.) rgsilio, 4 (to 
 s. back) : Quint. : Plin. : v. to leap. 
 VII. By anal, with preced. : emIco, 
 I : ct. supr. (II.). Where the action 
 of an elastic s. is referred to, perh. ri- 
 silio, 4: V. TO recoil. 7'o s. asunder, 
 dissilio, displodo : v. to fly apart. 
 Phr.: the gate suddenly s.s open, *porta 
 subito impetu se pandit. B. I'rans. : 
 Phr.: to s. a leak, rlmas agere, Ov. M. 
 2, 211 : (to crack, form fissures), rimis 
 fatiscere (of ships), Virg. Aen. i, I2J 
 (but the expr. does not so much denote 
 tlie sudden formatirm of an aperture, as 
 the gradual parting of the timbers) : 
 more exactly perh. *rim4, fissura, fora- 
 mine dissilire: the ship sprang several 
 leaks, (navis) plurimis locis laxari coe- 
 pisse (R. and A.) . to s. a mine, *pul- 
 veris (nitrati) cuniculum igni admoto 
 explodere. to s. o rattle, *crepitaculo 
 signum dare; crepitaculo insonare: to 
 s. an arch, * fornicem educere. 
 
 spring - tide : aestus (maritimus) 
 maximus : cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 29. 
 
 -time : vemum tempus : v. 
 
 SPRING. 
 
 springe : p5dica : v. snare, trap. 
 springy : perh. moWlis, e (as of 
 boggy soil) : see also elastic. 
 
 sprinkle: I. Trans.: spargo, 
 
 si, sum, i : to s. (people) ivith light deiv, 
 levi rore s., Virg. Aen. 6, 2jo : Ov. Fig. : 
 having the temples s.d with gray, sparsus 
 tempora canis, Ov. M. 8, 567. Comps. : 
 (1.) conspergo, j (strengthened from 
 simple verb, and like it used with ace. 
 of that which is s.d) : to s. the earth ivith 
 dew, terram rore c, Plin. : to s. roads on 
 account of dust, vias propter pulverem 
 c. Suet. Cal. 4;. (2.) aspergo, j (to s. 
 on : with ace. and abl., also dat. and 
 ace.) : to s. an altar with blood, aram 
 sanguine a., Cic. N. D. j, j6, 88: but 
 also with ace. aud dat. (gutlam biilbo a.), 
 id. Clu. 26, 71 (there is some difference 
 in the two ways of expression, the latter 
 constr. being more suitable to denote 
 dropping one thing on to another ; 
 the former to denote bedewing or 
 wetting one substance ii-ith some fiuid). 
 (3.) inspergo, j (to s. upon : like asper- 
 go, with twofold constr.): to «. olives 
 icith salt, oleam sale i., Cato: to s. 
 salt cake and wine, molam et vinum 
 i. [sc. hostiae], Cic. Div. 2, 16, J7 : 
 Plin. (aspergo to s. n-ith a liquid only : 
 inspergo, uith anything that may rest 
 on the surface). See also to scatter, 
 STREW. II. Intrans.: to rain gently, 
 and in scattered drops : roro, i : it s.s 
 before it rains, rorat antequam pluit, 
 Varr. L. L. 7, ?, 58 Suet. 
 
 sprinkling (subs.): j.e. a few here 
 and there : expr. by rarus : v. scat- 
 tered. 
 sprite : v. spiRrr. 
 
 sprout (subs.) : 1. pullus (young 
 shoot): Cato, R. R. 51. Dimin. puUu- 
 lus : Plin. 2. surculus: v. shoot 
 (throughout). 
 
 sprout ("•)•• 1. puUulo, I (to 
 
 shoot up as a sucker does) : Virg. G. 2, 
 '7- 2. expr. by triido, si, sum, } (to 
 push or put <ntt bud.i) : Viig. G. 2, JJJ 
 (genimas trudere) : cf. ib. } I (truditur e 
 sicco radix oleagina ligno). 3. ger- 
 mino, I (to bud, germinate) : it s.s the 
 same day it is soun, eodem die g. quo 
 injectum est, Plin. ij, 24, 47. Comps.: 
 egermino, progermino, i : Col. 
 
 sprouts : caules, caullcilli : v. cab- 
 bage. 
 
 spruce (adj.): nitidus : Cic. Cat. 2, 
 10, 22 (qnos pexo capillo, nitidos... 
 videtis) : from a s. cit he becomes the 
 farmer, ex n. fit rusticus, Hor. Ep. i, 7, 
 8j : cf. fop. (Elegans, comptus, bellus, 
 are words without any idea of disparage- 
 ment : which, however, may jje thus 
 conveyed : cina vestitus curam morosior 
 quam virum decet : niinis exquisitae 
 munditiae, etc.) 
 
 spruce (subs.) : pinus abies (Jforwap 
 S.): Bot. 
 
 sprucely : nitldg : cf. adj. 
 spruceness : corporis vostitusqnf 
 concinnitas: v. klkganoe, neatness.
 
 s p r D 
 
 SQUAT 
 
 8TABI LITT 
 
 spud : peril, pala p;irva. 
 
 sptmxe : spuma. v. fuam, slimk. 
 
 spur : I. •''''"' '«"■«<;« -■ calcar, aris, 
 Tl. : to urge on a horse icitk sj, calairi- 
 bu8 equum concitare, Liv. 2, 6: iuceii- 
 dere, Hirt. B. (i. 8, 48: stlmulare, Vai. 
 Max. : to put s.s to a horse, subdere 
 equo c, Curt. 7, 2 : also (in fie. seuse), 
 c. uti, Cic. de Or. ?, 9, j6 : adhibere. Id. 
 Br. 56, 204 calcar addere, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 I, 217: quasi c. adhibere, Cic. Att. 6, I, 
 4. (Stimulus is a stick with an iron 
 point: V. GOAD) ||. Fig.: an in- 
 ciUmettt : 1. calcar : esp. in ting. : 
 cf. supr. 2. incitamentum : stimulus: 
 V. INCENTHE. |||. A projection : esp. 
 from a range of mountains : e.\pr. by 
 proralneo, emineu : v. to projfxt. 
 
 spar ("■) •■ (equum) calcaribus con- 
 citare, etc. : v. si-lk. subs. 
 
 spurge : euphorbia ; Bot. 
 
 — - -laurel : dapbne lauredla : 
 Bot. 
 
 spurious : 1. adultgrlnus (coun' 
 terfeit. not genuine) : s. coin, a. numi, 
 Cic. Olf. J, 2}, 91 : ■• seals (Jor forgery), 
 a. signa, Cic. Clu. 14, 41. 2. spurius: 
 as. verse, s. versus, A us. 3. ficticius, 
 Bctitius (iiot natural) : s. gems, f. gem- 
 mae, Plin. : V. FALSE. 4. insitivus 
 (as it litre, grafted in and substituted) : 
 e. heir, I. heres, Sen. Contr. : Phaedr. 
 
 spuriousness : expr. by adj. -. v. 
 spurious, gesuine. 
 
 spurn : 1. aspemor, i (to reject 
 with contempt) : to s. petitions, queri- 
 monlas a., [contemnere, negligere], Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 51. 11?: to s. ni'.h a gesture, 
 nutu a., .Suet. Vesp. 8 : ace. to same anal., 
 to s. with the foot, *pedibiis a. Join: 
 oculis fugere, auribus respuere, animo 
 aspemari, Cic. Pis. 20, 4;. See also to 
 DF.SPISE. 2. respuo, i, j (similar to 
 preced. though less strong); Caesar's 
 edicts are s.'d {treated tvith contempt), 
 Caesaris edicta respuuntur, Cic. Att. 7, 
 26: cf. id.Coel. 15,,/m., calcitrat, respuit, 
 non putat tua dona esse tanti : the 
 ground trill s. thy hateful anpse, respuet 
 invisum cadaver humus, Ov. lb. 166. 
 3. rgpudio, I : v. to reject. 
 
 spurt (i') •■ emico, e.x.silio : v. to 
 
 SPOCT, SPBLXG. 
 
 spurt {subs.) : colloq. a sudden effort, 
 * impetus subitus. 
 
 sputter : '• e. to speak indistinctly 
 and confusedly: v. to sPLnrrKK. 
 
 spy (.subs.) : 1. explorator (mili- 
 tary operator) : V. scocT. 2. delaior 
 (one who makes a trade of informing 
 against people : esp. under the empire) : 
 V. INFORM IB. 3. emissarius: used= ! 
 delator. Suet. Gal. 15. 4. sometimes 
 inde.x, Icis, c, may serve : it Is esp. used 1 
 of one uho betrays his associates : Cic. : 
 Tac 
 
 spy (v.) : 1, exploro, i (esp. to recon- | 
 noitre) : to s. out all a person's move- 
 ments, itinera egressusque [postremo 
 loca atque lempora cuncta] ex.. Sail. 
 Jug. j; : V. TO RKCOXNOiTRE. 2. spec- 
 filor, I (in non-milit. sense): to s. out 
 any one's plans, coiisilia allcujus s., .Sail. 
 Jug. io8: also absol., Caes. B. G. 1,47 
 (speculandi caasa venire) : v. To watch. 
 3. perh. inspicio, introspiciu, with 
 suchodin). asfurtim, occulte : v. to look 
 INTO. (Cf. Virg. A'-n. 2. 47.) 
 
 -boat : navigium speciilatorium : 
 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 26 : also, navis specula- 
 toria: Liv. ;o, 10 : and simply, specu- , 
 latoria, id. 22, 19. I 
 
 squabble (''•) • rlxor, I : V. TO QUAR- , 
 
 EEL. j 
 
 squabble (subt.) .• jurgium, ri.xa : v. | 
 
 QL'ARItEL. 
 
 squad : perh. manlpfilus (thirtieth 
 part if a legion): v. companv. Or 
 perh. nianus : ▼. band. See also 
 laoop. 
 
 squadron: I. of cavalry: 1. 
 perh. turma (numbering about }o): v. 
 Tiioop. 2. more corresponding In 
 
 number to Eng., ala (the body of horse 
 attached to a legion, being stationed on 
 ts wings : also used of other bodies of 
 camJj'v) : Nep. Eum. i. ||, Of ships: 
 expr. by classis s. nivium pars : v. 
 
 j FLEET. Ill, In loose seni^. any Ijody 
 \ of troops, ett:. : acies, exercitus, agmen 
 (in movement) : v. host, armv. 
 
 squalid: 1. sordtdus. s. children, 
 
 1. naii, Hor. Od. 2, l&, 28: s. (mean) 
 abodes, s. tecta, Lucan 4, ^96. 2. 
 squalidus : V. FODL, DiRTV. (But neither 
 of these are so strong as Ens. : s. dwell- 
 ings, perh. "tecta sordibus omnibus sltu- 
 que replela [foedaj : tecta obsoleta illu- 
 vleque infomiia : cf. Hor. Od. 2, 10, 7, 
 obsoleti sordibus tecti.) 
 
 squalidity : 1 perh. .sordes (Hor. 
 
 squalor: _ O- c): iiiuvies (v. 
 Fii.TH): squalor: Join, iiiuvies, 
 squalor, I.lv. 21, 40. 
 
 squalidly : sordide : multis cum 
 sordibus: v. preced. art t. 
 
 squall (subs.) : \. Of iHnd : pr6- 
 cella (auy sudden storm) : Cic. : VIrg. : 
 v. STORM. With many s.s, procellosus: 
 Liv. : Col. II. of children : vagitus, 
 us : V. CKY. 
 
 squall: vagio, 4: Cic. Sen. 2j, 8j 
 (in cunls v.): Ter. 
 squally : prOcellosus : v. Squall. 
 squalor : v. squalidity. 
 squander : 1. effundo. fudi, sum, 
 
 5 : to s. one's patrimony, patrimoniuni e. 
 [atque consumere], Cic. K. Am. 2, 6 : to 
 s. money, sumptus e., lb. 24. 68: Plin. 
 Absol. Ter. Ad. 5, 9, J4 (effnndite, emite !) 
 2. disslpo, I (to disperse and make 
 away with): to s. a fortune, rem fami- 
 llarem d., Cic. Fam. 4, 7 : Tac. Join: 
 disperdere et dissipare, Cic. 3. perdo, 
 didi, turn, j. Join: perdere et pro- 
 fundere. Cic. Fam. 5, 5 : sumere, con- 
 sumere, perdere, Ter. Heaut. j, i, 55. 
 So disperdo, i (to dissipate by extrava- 
 gance) : Cic. : V. supr. (2). 4. pro- 
 fundo, J : V. TO lavish. 5. other 
 more exceptional phrr. are, bona patria 
 lacerare. Sail. Cat. 14 : fortunas (patria 
 bona) abligurlre (by gluttony), Cic. Cat. 
 
 2, 5. 10 : I'er. 
 
 squanderer : ngpos : v. spend- 
 thrift. 
 
 square (<Ky.) ; 1. quadratus (like 
 the Eng. capable of being used with 
 some latitude of meaning): he changes 
 s. for round, mutat quadrata rotundls, 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, too: a s. foot, pes q., 
 Front. Goes. p. }o: a s. number, q. nu- 
 meriis, Gell. : s. figure (i. e. brocui and 
 solid), q. statura. Suet. Vesp. 20 : Cels. 
 2. quadrangulus (rare): Plin. ij, 
 22, j8. 
 
 square (subs.) : _ |. The mathe- 
 matical figure ': quadratiim : Cic. Tusc. 
 I, 24, 57. Or by circunil., quadrata 
 fitrura : v. adj. ||, A s. -shaped piece : 
 quadra: Hor. Ep. i, 17,49: VIrg. |||. 
 A carpenter's tool: nomia : Vitr. 7, j, 5 
 (anguli ad nonnani respoiideiites). |V. 
 A military formation : no correspond- 
 ing term in Latin military phraseology 
 (agmen qnadiatum, denotes afonnation 
 in parallelogram, adopted by an army 
 marching, so as to be ready for battle) : 
 to form in s.s, perh. 'acie quadrata uti : 
 *acicm quadratim ad equitatus impetiini 
 excipiendum instruere. 
 
 square (i')-- A. Trans.: |. 
 To make s. : quadro, 1 : Col. Esp. in 
 p. part. : s.d stone, i. e. hewn into quad- 
 rangular blocks, saxnm quadratum, Liv. 
 II, To multiply a number into it- 
 self : * quadro, I : as t. t. (numerus 
 quadratus is a s. number: v. adj.) : or 
 expr. by numerum in se multiplicare : 
 V. TO multiply. hi. To make even : 
 esp. of accounts : (ratlones) subduco, } : 
 
 Cic. Att. 5, 21 : V. TO SETTLE. B. ' "" 
 
 trans.: |, 7b agree: consto, stiti, 
 I : Id. Kl. 26, 59 : Tac. ||. To menace 
 with the fists : Plir. : * pugnis alicui 
 (pugiliiro modo) ininitari. 
 
 squash (v.) ■■ cont^ro, contundo : v. 
 
 TO CUUSH. 
 
 squash (*"6s.) : cucurbfta: v.GOnRD, 
 squat ("•) •■ I, 1^ sit on the hams : 
 
 I. subsldo, sPdi, ssum, j (less col- 
 loq. in tone than Eng. : to stoop down, 
 crouch) : Liv. 28, 2 : Virg. 2. con- 
 qulnisco, j (v. rare) : PL Cist. 4, i, 5. 
 
 II. To settle: nearest word, con- 
 sTdo, J : V. TO SETTLE (B., III.). 
 
 squat (adj.) : P h r. a ». figurr, 
 
 I corporis brevir. atque obesus,Suet Hor.: 
 
 ! a stronger expr. is ventriu^uo (tnp- 
 
 ' beUieil, Ijulging out) : PL ; al^u velitru- 
 
 osus, I'lin. 
 
 squeak (".) •• perh. strideo (etrido), 
 di, 2 and ; (denoting any Icind of harA 
 unmusical noise or cry) : cf. Ov. V. 6, 
 140. where It is used with reference to 
 the scree/Ji-owl : and Plin. 29, 6, {Q, 
 } I {8, where it describes the cliirp oj the 
 cricket. 
 
 squeak (subs.) : perh. stridor : cf. 
 preced. art. Also iu VaL Max. i, 1,4, 
 occentus is used of the cry or i. of the 
 feld-nujuse (sorlcis). 
 
 squeaking (adj.) : stndaius (harsh, 
 grating, unmusical) : a thin s. voice, 
 tenuis et s. vox. Sen. Ep. 56, 2. See also 
 
 SHRILL, HA&SH. 
 
 squeamish : I. inclining to sick- 
 ness : expr. by nausea : to ful t., nau- 
 sea [sine voniiiuj laborare, cf. Cels. i, j : 
 to make any one feel s., nauseam allcul 
 , movere, facere : v. sickkess. ||. Fas- 
 tidious : fastidiosus : v. fastidious, 
 
 NICE. 
 
 squeamishness : |. ferUng of 
 sickness: nausea: Cels. i, }. ||, 
 
 Over nicety: fastJdium: v. fastidiods- 
 
 NESS, NICETV. 
 
 squeeze : premo, comprlmo, etc., } : 
 v. to PRE.>i,s. P h r. : to tje s.d to deatK 
 in a croud, *ln multitudiiie bomiuum 
 comprimi atque elidi. 
 
 squib : I- -^ small fre-work : not 
 translateable : perh. * missile pyrium 
 and radius pyrlus (Kr.). ||. A lam~ 
 poon : versus faniosi : or if in prose, 
 libellus famosus : v. lamp^ion. 
 
 squill: a plant: squilla (sciUa): 
 Bot. 
 
 squint ("•) •■ I. In strict sense, to 
 have the cures of the eyes not coincident : 
 expr. by adj. strabonem esse : v, sqcint- 
 iNG. adj. P h r. : to s. dreadfully, per- 
 versissimis ocolts esse, Cic. N. D. i, 28, 
 Jin. Ij. To glance obliquely : lirais 
 (oculis) intueri, transversa tueri, etc.: 
 
 V. OltLIQUELY. 
 
 squint (subs.) : expr. by a/lj. : t. 
 
 SQUI.STING. 
 
 squinting (adj.) .■ l, strabo, oait, 
 m. : also, sirabus, a, um : s. guds, stra- 
 bones dii, Cic. N. f). i, 29, 80 Hor. : the 
 recognised fern, to strabo was straba. 
 Prise. 6, J, 16: and ace. to Non., strabus 
 was in later L-itin used for strabo. 2. 
 paetus (a softened expr. for preced., and 
 implying nothing repulsive, liaving a 
 cast in the eye : still more softened, pae- 
 tulus, liaving a slight cast, Cic. N. 1). i, 
 29, init.) : Hor. S. i, J, 45 (stralxjiiem 
 appellat paetum pater) : Ov. 3. expr. 
 by circumL perversis (pravis, distortis) 
 oculis: Cic. N. D. i. 28, I'nii. 
 
 squire: *armiger, Crl: Inscrr. 
 
 squirrel: sclurus: Plln. 8, 38. j8, 
 (S. vulgaris, Linn.) 
 
 squirt {subs.) : V. STRIKGE. 
 
 squirt (>••)•• I. Trans.: perh. 
 ejicio, prOjicio: v. to discharge. ||. 
 To spout out: gmicio, exslUo: v. to 
 SPOUT, spring (VIL). 
 
 Stab (v.): 1. fWio. redi, ssum. ?: 
 to s. iiith a dagger, pugione f., Tac. H. 
 4, 29: lAv. Strenptht-ned, conHJdio, a 
 Sail. Cat. 28: v. TO piekcp.. 2. use 
 gen. term, ffrio, percussi. ssum, (?rire: 
 he s.'d himself in the sidr, lalus slbi per- 
 cussit: lo wound by s.ing, punciim f., 
 Veg. I, 12: V. TO STRIKE. 3. l^r- 
 
 fiiro, I : Ov. Tr. j, 9. 26 (perforat ense 
 latus). 4. vulnero, i : v. TO wound. 
 I' h r. : to s. any one in the neck, fernim 
 jugulo adigere. Suet. Ner. 49 the s.s 
 herself to the htart, cultruni in corde 
 defiglt, Liv. i, 58, extr. . he s.s the girl 
 to the heart, pectus puellae transfigit, id. 
 J, 48 : to s. any one in tlie breast, gladi- 
 um alicui in pi-ctus infigere. Cic. Tusc. 
 4. 22, ?D : also, gladium peclorl Inf, Taa 
 A. 1,4?. 
 
 Stab (s'ibs.): punc'-a; opp. caesa (a 
 cut): Vfg. I, 12. Less precisely, pla^ 
 ictus, vulnus: v. blow, wound, ctrr. 
 
 Stability : stiibllltas : Caes. : Cie. 
 .See al-so FIRMNESS, STEADINESS. To have 
 789
 
 STAB LE 
 
 STAGNATE 
 
 STAIN 
 
 no «., nihil solidi habere : v. solid, sub- 
 stantial. 
 
 Stable (.adj.) : 1. stabilis, e : Cic. : 
 
 Hor. : V. firm. 2. solidus : v. solid, 
 
 SU BSTANTIA L. 
 
 Stable (subs.) : 1. stabiilum (stall 
 fur cattle of any hind) : more definitely, 
 s. equorum. Fall, i, 2i : v. stall. 2. 
 /or hm-ses, equlle, is, n. (intreq.) : Suet. 
 Cal. 55. P h r. : to clean out the s.s of 
 Augeas, cloacas Augiae purgare. Sen. 
 Apocol. : to lock thf. s.door after the 
 ■steed ii stolen, clipeum post vulnera 
 sumere, Ov. Tr. I, j, j; : or perh. post 
 damna demum cavere ; post furta de- 
 mum a furtis cavere. (The prov. sero 
 sapiunt Phryges, seems to have been 
 used in like sense Fest. s. v. sero.) 
 
 stable C") • stabillo, I (both trans, 
 and inlrans.) : Varr. : Virg. (intrans.). 
 
 -boy : stabularius : Col. 
 
 stabling (subs.) .- expr. by stabula 
 equornm : v. stable. 
 
 stablish; v. establish. 
 
 stably: stablliter: Suet. See also 
 
 FIRMLY. 
 
 stack (.subs.): I. Of cirrn, etc.: 
 acervus, strues : v. heap, file. (N.B. 
 — According to the Scrr. K. R., it ap- 
 pears to have been the uniform practice 
 of Roman farmers to store hay, corn, 
 etc., under a roof, i. e. in hay-lofts and 
 granaries: q. v.) ||. Of chimneys: 
 •series, ordo (fumariorum, fumario- 
 lorum): R. and A. 
 
 stack C^') • coacervo, construe : v. 
 
 TO HEAP UP, PILE. 
 
 Staif: I. -4 stick carried in the 
 hand, usu. for support : 1, baciilum, 
 less freq. baculus : to lean upon a s., 
 baculo incumbere, Ov. F. i, i^"; ; Liv. 
 Used in describing tlte augural s. (li- 
 tuus) : Liv. I, 18. Dimin. baciilum (a 
 little s.), Cic. : Juv. 2. scipio, onis, 
 TO. (a s. caiiied by persons of distinc- 
 tion) : an ivory s., s. eburneus, Liv. 5, 
 ^i.fin. (carried by M. Papirius, who had 
 obtained a triumph) ; Val. Max. 4, 4, 5. 
 3. fustis, is, m. (esp. for beating 
 )i'!<ft) : V. CUDGEL. II. Fig.: support: 
 coliimen, fulcimentum, sustentaculum : 
 v. PEOP. Ill, Collectively, the officers 
 attached to the commander- in -chief,* qui 
 circa ducem (imperatorem) curant, offi- 
 cio praesunt. (Kr. s. v. (leneralstab, 
 gives primi exercitus duces: delecti 
 ordinum militarium: but these exprr. 
 do not at all expr. the Eng.) |V. 
 Also collectively, a body of persons 
 exercising office together: Phr. : an 
 excellent s. of writers, *scriptores et ipsi 
 optimi et quorum bene inter se cohaerent 
 partes. 
 
 officer : v. stajp (III.). 
 
 stag: cervus; pass 
 
 stage : I. ^ raised platform : esp. 
 for actors : 1. pulpitum ; to apjvoach 
 (the .'imiereign) by a sloping s., subire 
 per devexum p.. Suet. Ner. ij: but the 
 word is rare except in ref to the theatre : 
 in this sense it is often pi. : cf. Hor. 
 A. P. 279 (modicis inst..noit pulpita tig- 
 nis"): Ov. 2. proscenium (i/ie^rt 0/ 
 a theatre immediately in front of the 
 scena, which latter would usually le- 
 piesent a building of some kind) : Liv. 
 40, 51 ; also in pi., Virg. G. 2, ;8i, veteres 
 ineunt proscenia ludi. (N.B. — In cer- 
 tain phrr., however, scena is used where 
 we should use s. : to appear upon the s., 
 in scenam prodire, Nep. pref. : a thing 
 ?.<•■ acted on the stage, agitur res in scenic, 
 Hor. A. P. 179. Cic.) 3. suggestus, 
 -tum : T. PLATFORM 4. P^rh. pegnia, 
 atis, n. (explained as denoting a kind of 
 moveable s. for automata, etc. : yet in 
 .Sen. Ep. 88, 19, and Suet. CI. J4, peg- 
 mata are evidently the puppets tlicm- 
 lelves rather than the stages on trhich 
 they vjere shown): Plin. j;, j, 16. 5. 
 tabulatum (floor or s. made of planks) : 
 Ken. 1. c. 6. machina (a term appli- 
 cable to any kind of framework ov 
 scaffolding): v. scafifold. ||. Me- 
 ton., dramatic acting, the theatre: 
 1, scena: tfie s. is crowded witli 
 crimes such as these, s. referta est his 
 sceleribns, Cic. N. D. j, 27, fr^ . OresUs 
 790 
 
 tormented on the s., scenis agitatus 
 Oresies, Virg. Aen. 4, 471 ; mockery 
 u'ort/iy of the s., ludibria scena et pul- 
 pito digna, Plin. Ep. 4, 25. 2. less 
 freq. pulpitum : the bard who lives by 
 the s., vates quem pulpita pascunt, Juv. 
 7, 9J. 3. theatrum: v. theatre. 
 
 Phr.: the most foolish character on the 
 s., in fabulis stultissima persona, Cic. 
 Am. 26, fin. : these persons disapprove 
 of the s. altogether, *his omnino displi- 
 ceiit fabulae quae in scenis aguntur. 
 Relating to the s., scenicus: s.-ptays, 
 actois, etc., ludi, actores scenici : Ter. : 
 Cic: Liv. |||, Field of actinn : cam- 
 pus, IScus. area: v. field (III.), (Not 
 scena in this sense, nor even tlieatrum, 
 though the latter occurs in somewhat 
 similar use. Quint, i, 2, 9, frequentia 
 gaudere ac majore se theatro digntim 
 putare : also scena is used fig. to denote 
 publicity : the s. of the woi'ld ; Hor. S. 
 2, I, 71, a vulgo et scena se removere : 
 C'c) IV. '■''' <^ journey : expr. by 
 iter : by very long s.s, maximis i., Caes. 
 B. G. I, 7 : an ordinary day's s., justum 
 diei i., id. B. C. }, 76 : by easy s.s, *brevi- 
 bus lentisque i. (Statio, stabulum denote 
 the place rested at : for stabulum, cf. 
 Plin. 6, 19, 4.) V. ^^^P "f Progress ; 
 gradus : v. step. 
 
 stage-coach. : *vehiculum publicum 
 quo per stationes certas iter conficitur. 
 
 -player : actor scenicus : his- 
 
 trio : v. ACTOR. 
 
 stagger: I. Intrans.. 1, 
 
 vicillo, I (as a drunken man): v. TO 
 REEL. 2. titubo, I (to trip and 
 
 stumble, walk unsteadily) : s.ing with 
 years and vine (Silenus), annisque 
 meroque titubans, Ov. M. 11,90: Hor.: 
 v. TO STUMBLE. See also to totter. 
 Phr.: to s. home, * titubante pede do- 
 mum reverti (R. and A.): *vacillante 
 gressu domum repetere. ||, Trans.: 
 to cause to sfiake, esp. in fig. sense : labfi- 
 facto, I : V. to shake (11.). Also com- 
 mdveo, 2 (which may denote any shock 
 given to the mind) : v. to disturb, 
 ALARM. Phr.: to t)e s.'d and throtvn 
 into a panic, tumultuantem de gradu 
 dejici, Cic. Off. i, 2?, 80. 
 
 staggering (part, and adj.) : vacil- 
 lans, titubans : v to stauger. 
 
 Staggers (« disease of horses) : perh. 
 vertigo, iiiis, /. (lit. dizziness of the 
 head in human beings) : to have the s., 
 vertigine laborare, Plin. 2;, i, 16, } 2j: 
 vertiginem capitis pati, Macr. S. 7, 9. 
 
 Stagnant: \. hit. -. standing, as 
 voter, not flawing rm : 1. stagnans, 
 ntis (strictly, paH. of stagno, to form, 
 in pools) : s. and motionless water, s. 
 pigraeque aquae, I'lin. 51, J, 21. See 
 also to stagnate. 2. pigPr. gra. 
 
 grum : ib. 3. iners, rtis (dull, 
 
 motionless : poet.) : whether the water 
 lie s. or run on, sen stabit i. seu pro- 
 fiuit humor, Virg. G. 4, 25. 4. terpens, 
 ntis (strictly, benumbed so as to lose 
 power of motion : poet.) : «. lakes and 
 motionless pools, torpentes lacus pigrae- 
 que paludes, Stat. Tb. 9, 452. 5. lentus 
 (slow of current, nearly stagnant) : cf. 
 Plin. ?6, 26, 65, lentus hie amnis cursu. 
 6. in same sense, languidus: cf. 
 Hor. 2, 14, 17, I. flumine of Cocytus: 
 Liv. 7. expr. stagnant water by 
 stagnum (pond) : cf. Virg. G. i, J84, 
 dulcibus in stagnis rimantur prata 
 Caystri : or, palus, iidis./. ( pool, swamp) : 
 cf. Hor. Od. 3, 27, 9 (stantes paludes). 
 7b 6« s. : V. to stagnate. ||, Fig.: 
 Inert, inactive : Iners, ignavus, piger: 
 V. inactive, sluggish. Also of things, 
 as trade, politics: perh. frigidus (flat, 
 dull) ; and (poet.) languidus, cf. Lucan 
 4, 699. Business is becoming s., forum 
 refrigescit (cum Romae forum a judiciis 
 refrixerit, Cic. Att. i, I). 
 
 stagnantly : lente, languidg, pigre : 
 V. slowly, sluggishly. 
 
 stagnate : |. L i t. : To cease to run 
 or flow, as water, to become stagnant : 
 1. stagno, I (to form or lie inpmis : 
 of which stagnans is strictly a part. : 
 V. stagnant) : the voters of the Nile 
 oceiflow and s., Nili aquae evagaiae 
 
 stagnant, Plin. ij, II, 22. 2. sto, steti, 
 statum, I (poet.) : Virg. G. 4, 25 : v. 
 stagnant (1.). II. Fig.: ol things, 
 as business, trade ; to be dull, to grow 
 quiet : perh. refrigesco, frixi, i : v. 
 stagnant, fin. 
 
 stagnation : i- e- the state of being 
 stagnavt: I, Of the mind: 1. ces- 
 satio : (he thinks) nothing better than s. 
 (inaction, idleness), nihil cessatione me- 
 lius, Cic. N. I). I, ;6, 102. 2. torpor 
 (numbness, inactivity) : cf. Tac. H. 1, 99, 
 torpor recens niraia fortunae indulgenlia 
 (= apathy, sluggishness) : in same sense 
 torpedo, Sail. Or. fr., si tanta torpedo 
 animos oppressit. ||. Of affairs, trade, 
 etc. : expr. by frigeo, refrigesco : v. 
 stagnant, _/in. 
 
 staid (adj.) : sober, grave, not mild : 
 
 1. gravis, e : of a s. and serious 
 
 countenance, g. et tusti supercili.s Plin. 
 
 Pan. 41. 2. severus ; v. serious, 
 
 GRAVE. 
 
 Staidly : v. soberly, gravely. 
 
 stain (t"-); I. To discolour, to spot : 
 1. foedo, I : V. TO soil, befoul. 2, 
 decoloro, 1 (rare) : what sea lias not the 
 blood of Italy s.'df quod mare Dauniae 
 non decoloravere caedes ? Hor. Od. 2, I, 
 J5 : cf. Auct. Her. 2, 5, 8 : v. to dis- 
 colour. 3. maciilo, i (to fleck; spot) : 
 the drops s. the ground with gore, guttae 
 terram tabo maculant, Virg. Aen. j, 28 : 
 cf. Val. Fl. 4, j68, telas maculare ostroi 
 s.'d, marked ivith spots, maculosus, Plin. 
 }6, 6, 13 : Suet. II. To dye, to colour: 
 
 1, coloro, 1 : to s. j/'ood vnth red 
 earth, lignum e. sinopide, Plin. jj, 6, ij. 
 
 2. tingo (titiguo), nxi, inctum, j : 
 v. TO dye. 3. inficio, feci, fectum, j: 
 all the Britons s. themselves with wood, 
 omnes se Britanni vitro inf., Caes. B. 6. 
 5, 14 : Plin. 4. incSquo, xi, ctum, j 
 (to bake in ; fix colour by heat ; also in 
 gen. sense : poet.) : fleeces s.'d with Ty- 
 rian red, vellera Tyrios incocta rubores, 
 Virg. G. }, 507. 5. fil™. I : fleecei 
 s.'d tirith glass-green dye, vellera hyali 
 saturo fucata colore, Virg. G. 4, }J5 : v, 
 TO dye. Ill, Fig.: to spot with guilt, 
 to pollute, disgrace : 1. foedo, i : 
 s.'d with foul crime, turpi crimine foe- 
 datus, Lucr. J, 49 : a victory s.'d by 
 cupidity, foedata per avaritiam victoria, 
 Tac. A. 4, 19. 2. niaciilo, i : topoUute 
 their offspring by parricide, m. partus 
 suos parricidio, Liv. i, ij : he s.'d his 
 glory by a shameful death, gloriam turpi 
 morte macuhivit, Nep. Paus. 5 : Virg. Aen. 
 
 10, 851. 3. poUuO, J: V. TO POLLUTE, 
 
 4. contiimino, 1 : to s. the name of 
 the Roman people by crime, scelere no- 
 men P. R. c, Auct. Harusp. 16. 5. 
 expr. by Ignominia notare, afficere : v, 
 TO disgrace. Phr.: to s. oneself with 
 the guilt of parricide, obstriiigere se par- 
 ricidio, Cic. Phil. II, 12, 29: s.'d, dis- 
 graced, maculosus (maculosi senatores, 
 Cic. Att. 1, 16) : to be s.'d (receive a stain), 
 suscipere maculam, Cic. Leg. Man. j, 7 : 
 
 V. POLLUTE, disgrace. 
 
 stain (*"'*■'•)•■ I. A discolmation : 
 
 1. decoloratio : s. of water arisiiig 
 from, cmtact inth the scnl, d. quaedam 
 ex contagione terrena, Cic. Div. 2, 27, 58. 
 
 2. maciila (a spot, mark of a dif- 
 ferent colrmr) : to take s.s out of clothes, 
 m. auferre de vestibus, Ov. F. j, 821. 
 
 3. liibes, is,/. : a toga without a s., 
 sine 1. toga, Ov. A. A. 1,514: ink handled 
 leaves a s., tractata I. relinquunt atra- 
 menta, Hor. Kp. 2, I, 2?;. 4. nota 
 (any kind of mark) : v. MARK. ||, 
 Fig. : disgrace, cause of reproach : 
 
 1. maciila : to efface a s., m. delere 
 [Mithridatico bello susceptam], Cic. Man. 
 3,7: covered with the s.s of vice, libi- 
 dinum maculis notatissimus, Auct. Dom. 
 9. 2. n6ta (the censor's mark of in- 
 famy : hence in gen. sense); Ofoul s. 
 of those times! turpem n. temporum 
 illorum! Cic. Off. j, 18, 74: s. of do- 
 mestic infamy, n. domesticae infamiac 
 id. Cat. I, 6. 3. labes, is,/, (a strong 
 expr.) : to wash out the s. (of the soul), 
 1. eluere, id. Leg. 2, 10, 24: to cast a s. 
 on any one, alicui I. inferre, id. Coel. iB, 
 42. Join: labes atque macula, Cic
 
 STAINLESS 
 
 STAM M ER 
 
 STAND 
 
 4, infamia, probrum, dedScus: v. 
 
 DISUKACE, fcHAME. 
 
 stainless («<•(?•) ■■ I, without stains 
 or spott (rare in this sense) : purus, 
 sine notis, inaculi!-, labe ; nuilis niaculls 
 disiiiictus, foedaius : v. olkan, pduk. 
 
 II, Fig.: williout disyrJLce or crime : 
 1, integer, gia, gruni : of s. life, 
 
 Integer vitae, Kor. Od. i, 22,' i. 2. 
 purus : to kmp the soul s., aniniam 
 puram conservaie, Cic Verr. }, ;8, 
 U4 : V. ruKE. 3. iiicorruptus: of s. 
 (incorruptible) inUgriti/, inc. fide, I'ac. 
 A. 12, 41 : «. virgin {chaste), inc. virgo, 
 Cic. Or. 19, 64. 4. inimiciilalus 
 
 (poet.) : Lucan 2, iJf) (Telius imnia- 
 culata sui servetnr sanguine Magni). 
 6. Intemeratus : s. faith, int. tides, 
 Viri;. Aeii. 2, 14J : Tac. 6. impi'l- 
 liitus: V. UNroLLUTKi). 7. piidiciis 
 (ch/iste, pure) : s. Jlippolytus, p. Hippo- 
 lytus, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 25 : a «. house, p. 
 domus, Cic. Phil. 2, }. See also chaste, 
 
 PUKE. 
 
 stainlessly : pure, incorrupte : v. 
 
 PDRELV, (llA.SrELV. 
 
 stair: I, a jUykt of steps : 1. 
 
 scalae, arum : to throw oneself under 
 the s.s of a shop, in scalas tabernae so 
 conjicere, Cic. Phil. 2, 9, 21 : to live up 
 three pair of s.s, tribus scalis liabiiare. 
 Mart. I, 118, 7. 2. giadus, uuni : 
 the SJ of tine tempUs liwl been filled ivith 
 the lowest of the people, gr. lemploruni 
 ab infima plebe completi erant, Cic. Att. 
 
 4, I. II. One step in a flight (f steps : 
 
 1. gritdus, us : one ascends by a 
 flight of fourteen s.s, per quaterdenos 
 Itur gradus, Ov. Pont, j, 2, 50 : ct'. Vac. 
 Kin. 5, 14, 40 : cf. Vitr. 2, 2, the first s. 
 is mounted irith the right foot, cum 
 pede dextro primus gr. ascenditur. 
 
 2, scala : he carried these home 
 up two hundred s.s, baec per ducentiis 
 domum tulit s.. Mart. 7, 20, 20. Ph r. : 
 back s.s, * scalae e posticis aediuni parti- 
 bus : to go up-s.s, ascendere scalas : to 
 go doum-s.s, descendere scalas : «.s lead- 
 ing dou-n into the street, sciUae in 
 publicum ferentes, Liv. jg, 14 : an up- 
 S.S apartment, coenaculum, i, n. : Juv. 
 
 staircase : v. stair. 
 
 stake (^"''s) •• I. Apiece of wood 
 driven into the ground : 1. palus : 
 to tie a vine to a s., palo adjungere 
 vitem, Tib. I, 8, J}. 2, stipes, itis, ?ii. : 
 he fixes s.s sharpened at the point, s. prae- 
 iacutos defigit, Caes. B. C. 1 , 27 . to drive 
 'a s. through a man, adigere s. per me- 
 dium huuiinem, Sen. Ep. 14. 3. slides, 
 is,/. ; he fixes s.s in the trenches, in fossis 
 8. detigit, Caes. B. C. i, 27. ||. Stalce to 
 which criminals are tied for burning 
 or other punishment : piilus : bnund 
 to the s., ad palum alligatus, Cic. Verr. 
 
 5, 5, 11: or, stipes, itis, m. : cf. Plin. 
 8, 5, 15, virl stipitibus alligati: to die 
 at the s., igni ciemari, Caes. B. G. 1,4: 
 to bum at the s., igni interficere, id. 6, 
 19 : necare, id. 1,5}: to condemn a man 
 to the s., *aliqiiem flammis damnare. 
 
 III, Something pledged or wagered : 
 pignus, oris, n. ; to have a contest 
 with a man for a s., pignore ceriaro 
 cum aliquo, Virg. K. j, }i : posito pig- 
 nore, Ov. A. A. I, 168. Ph r. : your in- 
 terests are at s., res tua agilur, Hor. Ep. 
 I, 18, 84 : liberty, safety, properly, cha- 
 racter, is at s., libertus, salus, bona, 
 existimatio, agitur : cf. Cic. Verr. 4, 5 1 : 
 ManiL 2, 6: Liv. 28, 19: to beats., in 
 discrimen venire, Cic. Kosc. Am. 6, 16: 
 and Liv. 29, 17, in discrimine esse. 
 
 stake ("•) ■• I. To pierce with a s. : 
 V. IMPALE. II. To wager : 1. pono, 
 sui, Bitum, J . to s. cups, pocula p., 
 Virg. E. }, j6 : cf. Plaut. Cure. 2, ?, 77 ; 
 he s.d his own ring aiiainst it, ille suum 
 anulum opposivit. 2. depono, j : to s. 
 a lieifer, vitulam d., Virg. E. }, ?i : 
 s. a talent against my sesterce, in meum 
 iiumum, in tuum talentum, pignus da, 
 PI. Ep. 5, 2, j;. 
 
 stale (o'OO -■ 1. '>'5tus, grls : thaffs 
 the s. old song, Vetera vaticinaniini, PI. Ps. 
 I, J, 144: cf. id. Mil. J, I, 154: s. and 
 old-fashioned talk, oratio vetiis et an- 
 tjqua, PI. Mil. i, i, 154. 2. obsOletus: 
 
 the (names') are common and s., vulgaria 
 et o. sunt. Cic. Quiin. 18, 56. 3. vul- 
 gatus : all subjects are now grown s., 
 omnia jam vulgata, Virg. U. j, 4. 
 Pro v.; .•itale repetitions, crainl)e bis 
 repetita, Juv. 7, 154. 4. vapidus, (of 
 wme); cf. X'ers. 148. 5. mucidus : s. 
 trusts of brea/i, mucida panis frusta, 
 Juv. 14, 128 : s. wine, mucida vina, Mart^ 
 8, 6. P h r. : the business lias grown s., 
 refrixit res, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 25 : the 
 matter is not yet s., res jam calct, PL 
 Poeii. 4, 2, 92. 
 
 stale ('^'•) ■■ to make water: mcio, j. 
 
 stalemate : "' chess : to cause a 
 s., perh. ad incitas redigere sc. calces : 
 (cl. PI. Poen. 4, 2, 85. Ad incilas leno- 
 nera rediget, si eas abduxerit. Mi. 
 Quin prius deperibit fa.\o, quani unam 
 calieni civerit) 
 
 stalk (subs.) : tlie stem of a plant : 
 1, stirps, pis,/.: Join: arboruni 
 radices siirposque, Cic. Or. 4}, 147. 2. 
 stilus: the nut grows up with a single 
 s., nux simplici s. prorepit, Col. 5, 10: 
 s. of asparagus, s. asparagi, id. Ii, }. 
 3. caulis, is, m. : a cabbage unth a 
 thick s., brassiea c. magno, Cato R. R. 
 ■j'?. 2. 4. cauliculus ((Ztnunatiue of 
 foregoing): Plin. 12, 12,26. 5. cul- 
 mus, (of corn) : lest the s. fall forward 
 with the weight of the ears, ne gravidis 
 procumbat c. aristis, Virg. G. 1, iii. 
 6. calamus : s.s of the lupine, 
 lupini Iragiles c, ib. 76. 7. sciipus: 
 a s. laden nith a hundred beans, s. 
 centum fabls onustus, Plin. 16, 24, J8. 
 Foots, of leaves or fruit, pfidlcrilus, Plin. 
 16, 24, J8 : bea7i s.s, fabiilia, ium, or 
 caules fabarum, ib. 18, u, jo. 
 
 stalk ("•) •■ I, To walk proudly : 
 
 1, incedo, cessi, } : you s. aUmg m 
 your pride at my misfortune, nieo 
 superbus incedis male, Hor. Epod. 15, 18. 
 
 2. iiigredior, essus sum, j : he s.s 
 in fury on the plain, turbidus ingreditur 
 campo, Virg. Aen. 10, 762. Perh. •gressu 
 superbo (arroganti) ambulare. ||, To 
 follow stealthily, as game : perh. insidiis 
 
 excipere : cf. Virg. K j, l8 : insidias 
 explorare in aliquem : cf. Virg. G. j, 5 J7 : 
 let us s. boars, insidiemnr apris, Mart. 
 12, 14, 10 (opp. to rumpere, to run doien). 
 
 stalking-horse : v. pretext, pre- 
 tence. 
 
 stall (subs.) : I. A place for cattle : 
 1. stabillum : to hear the bridle rat- 
 tling in the s., s. frenos audire sonantcs, 
 Virg. G. i, 295. 2. bubile, is, 71. (an 
 ox-s.) : Cato R. R. 4 (masc. bubilis in 
 Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 18). 3. tectum 
 (poet.) : he brings back the calves to 
 their s.s, e pastu vitulos ad lecta re- 
 ducit, Virg. G. 4, 4 54 : to share the 
 sante s., una stubulare, Vug. G. j, 224. 
 II, A seat : subM'lliuni : v. bench, 
 seat. III. A S7mill shap : tiibertia : a 
 s. fitted up for carryi7ig on a ductoD-'s 
 trade, ornatam medicinae exercendae 
 causa t., Cic. Clueut. 6}, 178: a books., 
 taberna libraiia, Cic. Phil. 2, 9, 21 : a 
 cobblei-'s s., taberna sutrina, Tac. A. 15, 
 54 : a s.-keeper, tabernarius : Cic Fl. 8, 
 18: or, caupo, onis, J»t. : cf. Hor. S. i, 5, 4. 
 
 stall (."■) •• to place or keep in a stall : 
 sliibiilo. I : let him feed and s. another 
 man's cattle, alienumpeciis in sue fundo 
 pascal ac stabulet, Varr. R. R. i, 21 : cf. 
 Virg. G. J, {5i, they s. their cattle closely, 
 clausa tenent stabuljs arnienta. 
 
 stallion'. 1. Cquus admissarius, 
 or simply, admissarius: cf. Plin. 28, 15, 
 61. 2. equus mas, maris. Circuml. : 
 pecoris equini maritus : cf. Virg. G. 
 i, '25- 
 
 Stamen: part of a flower: stamen, 
 Inis, n. : a lily with afme s.. lilium tenui 
 staniine. I'lin. 2;, ;, 11. 
 
 Stamina : strength .- v. strength. 
 
 Stammer (subs.) : 1. haesltatio, 
 onis, /. ; a s. atid he.<:ilation, h. tiactus- 
 que verborum, Cic. de Or. 2, 50, 202. 2. 
 haesitantia linguae: cf. Cic. Phil. !, 6, 16. 
 
 Stammer (''•) •■ 1. baibatio, ivi, 
 
 itum, 4 (rare as intrans. and literal) : 
 cf. Cic. Acad. 2, 4;, to s. out a thing, 
 aliquidljalbutire. 2. lingua haestto, i, 
 Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 115. 3. balbus sum : 
 
 since he s.'d so, quum ita b. esset.Cic. de 
 Or. I, 61, 260: to s through the nose, 
 balba de nare loqui, Pers. i, }{. 
 
 Stammerer : balbus : she is a s. and 
 can't ::peujL, balba loqui non quit, Lucr. 
 
 4, 1160: v. STAJIMKKI.NG. 
 
 stammering (a-Jj.) : 1. balbus : 
 
 5. words, b. veilia, Tib. 2, 5, 94: as. 
 tongue, os balbum, Hor. Ep. 2, i, 126. 
 
 2. blaesus (lisping) .- a s. U/tigue, 
 blacsii lingua, Ov. A. A. j, 294. 
 
 stamp (subs.) : I. An instrument 
 for muLiiig an impreisum : \, m6- 
 neta: Mart. 12, 55, 8. 2. foriiia ; a 
 de7iarius made by the public's., denarius 
 piiblicae f., Sen. Ben. 5, 29: expr. by 
 •iiistrumentura quo aliquid imprimitur, 
 cuditur. II, An impiessiuti, mark: 
 
 I, nOta : coins u ith every kind 
 of s., numos omnls notae. Suet. Aug. 75. 
 
 2. (S- '/ a signtl 1 mg), signum : 
 let him mark this paper with his s., 
 inipriniai his s. tabellis. Hor. S. 2, 6, (8. 
 3. 'n\Vd^o,\nis,f. (figure): the Utter 
 and the s. on it assured me, epislola aique 
 i. mecertum fecit, PI. Ps. 4,6, }5- Phr. : 
 a man of high s., vir clarus, exiniius: 
 a man of low s.. *honio pravi ingeiiii, 
 malis artibus: men of his oiin s., sui 
 similes, Cic. : your words and actions 
 are of the same s., facta dietaque tua 
 una lorma percussa sum. Sen. Kp. 54 : 
 kindnesses of no common s., beneticia 
 non ex vulgari nota. Sen. Ben. j, 9: 
 a poem of the ordinary s., camien com- 
 muni moneta, Juv. 7, 55 : cf. Hor. A. P. 
 59. III. A s. of the foot: supplosio 
 
 l)edis, Cic. de Or. i, 12, 47 : ictus pedis, 
 Plin. 8, 4;, 68 : as. of the feet to mark 
 time, ictus modulantium pedum, id. 2, 
 95. 96- 
 
 Stamp (".): I. To impress with a 
 juark : 1, signo, I : let them s. the 
 brmize, silver, or gold, with tlie public 
 mark, aes, argontum, aurumve pub- 
 lice signanio, Cic. Leg. ;, i, 6. 2. 
 cudo, udi, usum, j (of money) : I s. silver 
 money, cudo argentum. Per. Heaut. 4, 4, 
 18. 3. ferio [i)ercussi, ssum], 4 : to s, 
 asses, asses I., Plin. j j, 2, i j, ^ 44. ,\lso, 
 ferire nota: cf. Suet. Aug. 94; ami ler- 
 ire fonua : cf. Sen. Ep. 14, ad fin. K 1 g. : 
 imprimo, essi, essum, i : nature has 
 s.'d the notion upon the minds if all, 
 in omnium aniniis eorura notionem i. 
 ipsa natura, Cic. N. I), i, 16, 4} : to 
 s. with approval, probare, laudibus or- 
 nare : s.'d with the papular approval, 
 * consensu populi probatum. ||. To 
 
 strike the ground wilh the foot : L 
 supplodo, osi, J (v. a. and n.) : no one 
 s.'d his foot, pedeui nemo supplosit, Cic 
 de Or. I, 55, 2jo. 2. Phr. : pede 
 pulsare humuni, cf. Ov. F. 6, }}o: (of 
 a horse), cavare tellurem, ct. Virg. G. j, 
 
 87 : to S. lijion : V. TRAMPLE. 
 
 stanch. (<«0)- v- firm, constant. 
 
 stanch («■): Phr.: to s. blood, 
 supprimire, cohibere, sistSre sangui- 
 nem : cf. Cels. 2, 10: Plin. 22. 2;, 71- 
 Id. 20, 7, 25. (Cf. Coluni. t, } } : to s. 
 the bUeding of Vie nose, profluvium san- 
 guinis per nares inhibere.) 
 
 stanchion : v. prop, stai-. 
 
 stand <,suos.) : \. Act of stopping, 
 halt : mora : to britig business to a 
 s., moram rei alicui inlerre, Cic. Inv. i, 
 9. Phr. : he brought the army to a s., 
 agmen constltuil. Sail. J. 49 : to make a 
 s., reslo, sllti, 1 : nulla ratio est lestandi, 
 Lucr. I, III : where a very feeble s. is 
 7nade : qua minima vi reslauir, Liv. 
 J4, 15 : to make a s. against, restare ad- 
 versum aliquid, Tac. A. j, 46 : v. resist. 
 To be at a s.: v. stanostill. Phr.: 
 / take my s. upon the justice of my 
 cause, * in cau.-a spem omnem jHino. 
 
 II, That on which anything is 
 placed: jierli. suggestus, us (platform) : 
 tripes meiisii (bnaril n ith three legs), 
 Hor. S. 1, J. U : candeUibrum (s. for 
 a la7np) : abacus (for plate), Cic. Verr. 
 4, 16, J?. III. A place for standing : 
 lOciis. stiUio : a cabs., * locus quo meri- 
 toriae rhedae coUocantur, sistuntur. 
 
 Stand ("•): I. '^'"t to sit or lie 
 dmii) : 1. sfo, steti, stiitum, i : both 
 of these are s.ing, 7wt sitting, hi stant 
 791
 
 STAND 
 
 STAND 
 
 ST A ND ARD 
 
 ambo, non sedent, PI. Capt. prot. 2 : not 
 to faU, : when they saw that the walls 
 irere s.ing, ut [praeter spt-m] muros s. 
 viaerunt, Liv. jj, 5. Meton. : the re- 
 public would be s.ing, you uould have 
 /'alien, respublica staret, tu concidisses, 
 Cic. Phil. 2, 10, 24: ivho as long as I was 
 t.ing could not s., qui me stante stare non 
 poterant, id. Fam. 7, 2 : the fortunes of the 
 raux s.firm. stat fortuna domus, Virg. (i. 
 4, 209. 2. persto, siiti, statum, 1 : the 
 cavalry continued s.ing the rchole day, 
 equites diem totum perstabant, Liv. 44, 
 ii- II. .Vot to move: \, sto, steti, 
 statum, I : uhy do you s. f quid stas .'' 
 ler. Andr. 5, 6, 15. 2. consisto, stiti, 
 stitum, } : «. here at your ease, oiiose 
 bic consiste, Ter. Ad. 2, i, 2: v. remain. 
 III. To halt, st(^: 1. subsisto, 
 stiti, } : the rest stood still on the road, 
 reliqui in itinere s.. Cues. B. C. 2, 41. 
 2. consisto, stiti, stitum, ; : both 
 armies stood still, constitit utrumque 
 agmen, Liv. 21, 46. 3. resisto, stiti, 
 J ; upon being aqain and again called 
 to, he stood still and looked back, ille 
 saepius appellatus aspexit ac restitit, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, J5. 4. resto, stiti, i : 
 if I s. still he hurries me on, si resto, 
 jiergit ut earn, Pac. in Non. 77, 25. 5, 
 quiesco, evi, etum, 2 : s.ing waters of 
 the Nile, quiescentes Nili aquae, Plin. 
 15. II, 22. IV. I'o remain: 1. 
 sto, I r men who could not s. at home, 
 qui domo s. non pot«rant, Cie. Flacc. 6, 14. 
 2. consto, stiti, statum, i : neither 
 his complexion nor his expressimi s.s as 
 it nus, non color non vultus ei c, Liv. 
 59. ?4. 3. maneo, nsl, nsum, 2 ; 
 ■nothing s.s always in its proper position, 
 nihil semper suo statu m.. Cic. N. D. i, 
 12. 4. consisto. stiti, stitum, j: those 
 with whom, the fault began, by them s.s 
 the punishment, uude culpa orta est ibi 
 poena c. Liv. 28, 26. P h r. . a s.ing 
 grievance : perh. *offensio perpelua. 
 V. To s. one's ground : 1. sto, 
 
 steti, statum, i : to s. one's ground on 
 the field <f battle, in acie s. Liv. 22, 60. 
 2. persto, stiti, statum, I - s. 
 your ground and be firm, persta 
 atque obdura, Hor. S. 2, 5, }q. 3. 
 consisto, stiti, stitum, } ■ there is som^ 
 hope that he may at length stand 
 his ground, spes est hunc tandem 
 posse consistere, Cic. Quint, jo, 94. 
 4. subsisto, stiti, j : to s. his 
 ground against Hannibal, Hannibali 
 .subsistere, Liv. 27, 7. 5. maneo, 
 iisi, nsum, 2 : he s.s his ground un- 
 daunted, manet imperterritus ille, Virg. 
 Aen. 10, 770 : cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 41, 
 m. in loco ordinesque servare. V|, 
 To be in a particular state : P h r. . the 
 matter S.S tAits, sicressehabet, Cic. Fam. 
 I }, 8 as matters s., pro, or e re nata, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 8. VII. 1^ *• ^^ C' rule, ob- 
 tain currency : 1. sto, i : the 
 rule in oratory once wrongly formed 
 stood, semel corrupta regula eUiquentiae 
 stetit, Petr. 2. 2. obtineo, tinui, ten- 
 tum, 2 . it used formerly to s. for true, 
 pro vero antea obtinebat. Sail, de Rep. 
 Ord. I, init. 3. maneo. nsi, nsum, 2 ; 
 let this s. agreed, that what is base is 
 never expedient, maneat ergo, quod turpe 
 sit, Id nunquam utile esse. Cic. Off. ;, 
 12,49. Vill. To stand a thing, endure 
 it • 1. t6l6ro, I to s. the ninter, 
 hiemem t., Cic. Cat. 2, 10. z}. 2. 
 patior, passus, j ■. my vote is that we 
 s. these things, haec patienda censeo, 
 Liv. 21, I ?. 3. perpetior, pessus, ? : 
 to s. his falseness, mendacitatem p., Cic. 
 Off. 5, II, J2. 4. sustiuco, tinui, ten- 
 turn, 2 : to s. labours, labores s.. Cic. Rep. 
 ii i- 5. perfero. tuli, latum, } : 
 to s. all manner of indignities, omnes 
 Indignitates p., Caes. B. G. 2, 14. 6. 
 sabeto, i ; I fear he won't s. it, metuo 
 ut substet, Ter. And. 5, 4, 11. jX. 
 Legal : Phr. : To s. one's trial, sisti in 
 judicio, trip. Dig. 2, 5, } : sistl, Cic. 
 Quint. 7. X. ^o stand, be erected, as 
 buildings : 1, sto, i : the walls were 
 already s.ing, moenia jam stabant, Ov. 
 F. i, 181. 2. maneo, 2 : the fortifi- 
 cations were still s.ing, munitiones in- 
 792 
 
 tegrae manebant, Caes. B. Q. 6, ji : cf. 
 Virg Aen. j, 85. mansuramque urbem. 
 
 XI. 1^0 cost : v. STAND IN. 
 
 stand about : v. loiter. 
 
 ■ against : 1. sustineo, tinui, 
 
 tentum, 2 -. to s. against the just request 
 of the goddess, deam justa petentem s., 
 Ov. M. 14, 188. 2. resisto, stiti, sti- 
 tum. } : to s, against them as they come, 
 venlentibus r., Caes. B. C. i, 55. Phr.; 
 to s. against any (me for an office, *petere 
 honorem adversus aiiquem : v. supr. 
 (III.). 
 
 aloof: 1. absto, stiti, statum, 
 
 I : if you s. further aloof, si longius 
 abstes, Hor. A. P. j62. 2, to s. aloof 
 from : abstineo, tinui, 2 : when the 
 greater part of the men of eloquence did 
 not s. aloof even from Publius Sulla, 
 cum se plurjmi disertorum ne a P. qui- 
 dem Sulla abstmerent, Tac. Or. 40. 
 3. s. aloof, procul este ! Virg. Aen. 
 6, 258. 4. deficio, feci, fectum, i : 
 to s. aloof from all men of character, 
 a bonis omnibus d., Cic. Plane. J5, 86. 
 
 at : P h r. to s. at a disadvan- 
 tage : perh. * imparl fortuna uti to s. at 
 an advantage : perh. *meliore loco esse, 
 meliore fortuna uti : to s. at ease, perh. 
 •quiescere (consistere), sub armis, in 
 acie : to s. at nothing, *nihil periculi 
 detrectare : nihil non conari : coelum 
 ac mare miscere, Liv. 4, j : cf. Juv. 2, 
 
 25, 6, 282 : to s. at a distance, procul 
 hinc stare, Ter. Hec. 4, J, I. 
 
 before : \. To s. in front 
 
 of, ante aliquid stare, cf. Ter. And. }, i, 
 16. II. In presenceof: Phr.: tos. before 
 thi- court, coram judicibus se sistere : 
 you seem, to be s.ing before my face, 
 coram adesse videris, Cic. Fam. 15, 16 : 
 cf. Hor. Epod. 11, 19, that you are s.ing 
 before me, te coram adesse. |||, To 
 s. before, for protection : v. protect. 
 
 IV. To withstand: sustinere, re- 
 sistern, obsistgre alicui : v. withstand. 
 
 V. To excel : v. EXCEL. 
 
 behind : lo *• behirul any one, 
 
 *a tergo stare alicui, post tergum stare . 
 aiiquem tegere, cf. Stat. S. 5, i, 26. 
 
 by : \. S. close to : 1. ad- 
 
 sisto, stiti, f. to s. close to the doors, 
 adslstere ad fores, Cic. Verr. i, 26, 66. 
 2. juxta aliquid, prope aliquid, prope 
 ab aliquo, stare : v. near, habd by. ||, 
 71) assist : 1, adsum, fui : / n-ill s. by 
 your interests, tuis rebus adero, Cic. Fam. 
 6, 14: cf Virg. G. I, 18, s. by me vnth 
 favour, adsis Tegeaee favens (usually, 
 to support as an advocate). 2. assisto, 
 stiti, ; : I stood by Yarrenus, assistebam 
 Varreno, Plin. Ep. 7, 6 : v. help, assist. 
 III. To be true to, abide by : 1. 
 maneo, nsi, nsum, 2 : to s. by one's pro- 
 mises, promissis m., Virg. Aen. 2, 160. 
 2. persto, stiti, statum, i : to s. by 
 one's opinion, sententia p.. Caes. B. 6. 7, 1 
 
 26. 3. sto, stSti, statum, i : to s. by \ 
 one's word, in fide s., Cic. Rab. Perd. 10. 
 28 ; cf. id. Brut. 79, 27J, to s. by the men 
 of character, *s. a bonorum causa. 4. 
 perh. *servare fidem, promissa : fideliter 
 curare aiiquem. 
 
 condemned *. damnari : reus 
 
 esse, Cic. Mil. i;, j;. 
 
 convicted: to s. convicted in 
 
 the act, manifestum teneri, PI. Men. 4, 2, 
 29 : manifestum haberi. Sail. C. 41 : to 
 s. convicted of falseliood, manifestum 
 mendacii haberi, PI. True, i, 2, }6. 
 
 down ; of a speaker : perh. 
 
 * descendere a rostro, descenders. 
 
 firm : perdCro, dUro, i : v. to 
 
 persist. 
 
 for : \. in the place of: stare 
 
 pro aliquo : in loco alicujus : to s. for 
 one as security, spondere pro aliquo, Cic. 
 Plane. 19, 47. II. To be hindered by : 
 he d/HS not s. for such trifles, * non in 
 tantillis rebus haeret. tantillas res nihil 
 moratur. |||. To demand ; v. claim, 
 demand. 
 
 SOOd : sto, maneo, obtineo : v. 
 
 HOLD GOOD. 
 
 _ in: \.Tocost: 1, sto.stgti, 
 
 stjitum, I that affair stood the Achaeavs 
 in a hundred talents, centum talentis ea 
 res Achaeis stetit, Liv. 54, 50. 2. consto. 
 
 sflti, statum, i . orie chariot s.s one in 
 four hundred thousarul sesterces, unae 
 quadrigae c. quadriiigentibus millibus, 
 Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 14. the sum that the 
 funeral s.s one in, quanli funus c. 
 Suet. Vesp. 19 : it s.s me in vtwre money, 
 carius mihi c, Lucil. in Non. 272, 25 
 it s.s one in a very little, vilissime c. 
 Col. 9, 1,6. V. COST. II. Phr.. tears 
 s. in his eyes, lacrimae oboriuntur, cf 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 41 : iletibus ora natant. 
 Stat. Th. 2, j;7 . it uill s. you in good 
 stead, tibi ob rem erit, Ter. Ph. }, 2, 40. 
 libi Usui erit, Cic. Att. 1,1. tibi proderit, 
 expediet : to s. in aive of Jove, vereri 
 ./ovem, PI. Amph. prol. 22 : Is. in great 
 fear, magno timore sum, Cic. Att. 5, 14; 
 to s. in the greatest danger, in maximis 
 periculis versari, Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 2} : 
 to s. in danger of losing renouii, gloriae 
 periculum facere, Tac. A. \$, b: he re- 
 garded tlvem as s.ing in the same posi- 
 tion, illos in eodeni loco habuit, Caes. B. G 
 I, 26 to s. in need of : v. NEED, WANT. 
 
 stand on : |. L i t. : l. insto, stiti, 
 
 I . to s.on the hills, ingtare jugis, Virg. 
 Aen. 1 1, 529 . to s. on the couch, instare 
 in triclinio. Suet. Tib. 72. 2. insisto, 
 stiti, i- villas s. on the bank of the river, 
 villae i. margine fluminis, Plin. Ep. 8, 8. 
 
 II, To s. on end : 1, horreo, ui, 2 : 
 Latona often grieved that her sacred 
 hair should s. on end, saepe h. sacroB 
 doluit Latona capillos, Tib. 2, }, 2; : his 
 hair s.s up on end, erectus h. crinis. 
 Sen. Here. Oet. 707. 2. sto, steti, sta- 
 tum, I : his hair stood on end, steterunt 
 comae, Virg. Aen. 2, 774. 3. rigeo, 
 ui, 2 : A IS hair s.s on end imth cold fear, 
 gelidoque comae terrore r., Ov. M. j, 100. 
 
 III, Met.; to s. on cerenumy, perh. 
 * nihil nisi soUenni more agere . to s. on 
 one's dignity, perh. •dignitati, gravitatl 
 consulere : indignari : dedecoris causa 
 irasci : to s. on one's rights, suo jure vln- 
 dicare (asserere) aliquid, cf. Cic. Off. i, i. 
 
 out: I. Project: 1. exsto, 
 
 stiti, statum, i ; the ship s.s out of the 
 water, navis exstat aquis, Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 
 14: the soldiers s. out of the water, 
 milites e. ex aqua, Caes. B. G. ;, 18. 
 2, emineo, ui, 2: since there is 
 nothing s.ing out from the earth, quum 
 ex terra nihil e., Cic. Div. 1, 42, 9J : 
 slakes s. out from the branches, stipites 
 ab ramis e.. Cats. B. G. 7, 7J : the mon- 
 ster s.s out from the sea, bellua ponto e., 
 Ov. M. 4, 690. 3. luxiirio, i (poet.) : 
 his breast s.s out with a wealth of mus- 
 cle, luxuriatque toris pectus, Virg. G. 
 J, 8t : v. project. ||, To s. out 
 
 against : v. enddre, resist. |||, 
 
 Phr.: to s. out of the roay of any one, 
 decedere de via alicui, PI. Trin. 2, 4, 80 : 
 decedere alicui, Caes. B. G. 6, i j : to s. 
 out to sea (naut.), in altum provehl, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 28 : solvere naves, ib. ; 
 se capessere in altum, PL Asin. i, j, 6. 
 
 still : stationem facere, PUil 2, 
 
 17, 15 : V. to stand, IL and III. 
 
 to • I. Abide by: v. stand bt. 
 
 II, Phr.: it s.s to reason, necesse 
 est ; ratione necesse est, Lucr. : sequitur, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24 : it s.s to reason that 
 we should not lose such an opportunity, 
 nulla est ratio amittereoccasionem ejus- 
 modi, Cic. Caec. 5, 15. 
 
 under : v. endure, support, 
 
 up : I. Surgo, consurgo, 
 
 me attollo, } -. v. rise. ||. To s. up for 
 any one, defendere aiiquem, adesse ali- 
 cui : V. STAND Br, defend: to s. up to 
 any one, * coram alicui resistere ; 
 to s. upright, erectum stare: recto talo 
 stare, cf. Hor. Ep. 2, i, 176: recto se 
 attoUere trunco, Ov. M. 2, 822. 
 
 upon : V. stand on. 
 
 with : as it may s. unlh your 
 
 convenience, quod tuo commodo fiat, Cic. 
 Fam. 4, 2: hoi" do things s. with youf 
 quid rerum peritis? Cat. 28, 4 : to s. well 
 with any one, gratiosus apud aiiquem 
 esse, Cic. Off. }, 14. 58 : how did you s. 
 ivith Caesar? quem locum apud Cae- 
 sarem obtinuisti i id. Phil. 2, 29, 71. 
 
 Standard : I, a military flag •• 
 
 1. vexiliiim : so that you raised 
 
 your s., ut v. toileres, Cic. Phil. 2, 4(1
 
 STANDARD-BEARER 
 
 S T A K K 
 
 S T A K T 
 
 loi. 2. slgnum : so that neither the 
 s-bearers could see Cite uay, nor tlie 
 toldiers the s.s, ut neque signiferi viani 
 nee s. niilit<'S viderent, Liv. }}, 7 . mili- 
 tary S.S, sifi^a mililaria, Cic. Cut. 2, 6, 
 I}. 3. iquila (properly, (he s. 0/ a 
 Roman legion) : a siU^er s., uquila ar- 
 gentea, Cic. Cat i, 9. 24: s.$ ojiposed to 
 hostile S.S, and Itgitms matched against 
 each other, inf>btisque obvia signis 
 signa, pares aqullas, Luc. i. 6. Phr. 
 to desert one's «., signa relinqiiere. Sail. 
 Cat. 1 : to serve under a man's «., .-ub 
 sigois alicujus miliiare, Liv. 2!, 42: in 
 exercitu alicujus niilitare, Cic. Off. i, 11, 
 j6 apud aliquein niilitare, CurL 6, 5. 
 II, That by which anything is mea- 
 sured : 1. mensura ■ s. of weights 
 and measures, mciisuras et pondera In- 
 venit Phidon, Pi in. i. 56, 57 . mensura 
 publicc probata ; pondiis publlce pro- 
 batum, Mode.st. in DigesL 2. nomia: 
 Ptin. ib. : nature in tlte s. by which 
 law is framed, natuia nonna legis, 
 Cic. Ijeg, 2, 24, 61. 3. rcKUla : let 
 there be a s. for assignivy njual penal- 
 ties to faults, assit regiila, peccatis 
 quae poenas irroget aequas, Hor. S. i, j, 
 118. 4. forniiila : to set up a s., 
 f. exprimere, Cic. Or. 11, 56. P b r. : as. 
 author, perb. scriptor cla,>isicus, Gell. 7, 
 1} : I'olybius is a s. author of the highest 
 authority, Polybius bonus auctor in 
 priniis, Cic. Off. }, ?2, iij; our human 
 s of right and m-i/ng, nostri mores, 
 Pers. 2, 6j : to set. vp a s. of right and 
 wrong, mores ponere, VIrg. Acn. t, 264: 
 to have a high s of morality, *ex opliino 
 exemplo vitam agere. 
 
 Standard-bearer : 1. vexiliarius : 
 a rank has inte s., ordo ununi v. 
 babet, Liv. 8, 8. 2. sigmfer, eri, m. : 
 upon the s. being killed, s. interficio, 
 Caes. B.G. 2, 25. 3. aquilifer, eri. m. : 
 Caes. B.C. 5, 57 ; the post of a s. : iiquila: 
 cf. Juv 14. 197, ut locupletera aquilam 
 tibi sexagesimus annus afferat. 1 
 
 Standing {subs.) .- |. yot sitting or ! 
 iiHilking : status, us, m. : s., walking, 
 sitting, s., incessus, sessio, Cic. Off. i, JJ, 
 128. II, A s.-still : 1. institio, onis, 
 /. ; the s.-still of the planets, errantium 
 stellarum i., Cic. 'fuse, i, 25, 62. 2, 
 static, onis,/. .• Plin. 2, 17, 15. |||. Fo- 
 tition, rank : 1. status, vis, m. : which 
 things dragged me doum from my 
 old s., quae me convellerunt de pristino 
 statu, Cic. AU. 3, i;. 2. locus: to 
 be of tlte s. of a Icnight, esse ex equestri I 
 I., Cic. men of lower s., homines in- 
 feriore loco, id.'Verr. 1, 48. 3. ordo,! 
 inis, m. : the s. of a freedman, ordo 
 libertini. Suet, firamin. 18. 4. con- 
 ditio, onia,/. : the s. of slaves, c. servo- 
 rum, Cic. Off. I, I i. 41. P li r. • u-riters 
 of ru) great s., scriptores quibus non- 
 (ium est insignis auctoritas, cf. Tac. A. 
 14, 16 : / knoiv what my s. is at ttiit 
 time, qui sim hoc tempore intelligo, Cic. 
 Fam. 6, i, extr. 
 
 stand-still ; Phr. the profligate 
 uus at a s., haerebat nelmlo, Cic. Phil. 
 2, 29, 74 the speech comes to a s., oratio 
 baeret in salebra, Cic. Kin. ;, 28, 84 : 
 the sedition coming to a s., stupente sedi- 
 tione, Liv. 28, 25 • the whole conduct of 
 the war I'us at a s. oniiiis administratio 
 belli constitit, Caes. B. C. 2, 12 ; v. stand 
 {subs.). 
 
 Stanza '. 1. carmen tetrastlcbum, 
 Quinct. 6. i, 96. 2. tetrastichon, -um, 
 i, 71. : because you u-rite certain s.s not 
 w-ithnut some 'lit, quod non insulse 
 scribis tetrasticba quaedam. Mart. 7, 85, 
 
 1 3. distichon, i. «. (s. of tit lines) : 
 you compose s.s, disticha fuels, id. 7, 85, 
 
 2 : a poem written in s.s, perb. *canuea 
 in stropbas quatemorum versuum di- 
 visum. 
 
 staple (subs.): I. An iron loop: 
 perb. *ferrameiitum incnrvuni ; uncus 
 ferreus. ||, A market : eniporiuui : 
 
 a s. for Indian goods, Indicaruni nier- 
 cium e.. Plin. s, 9, 11 . v. iiAKKtrr. 
 Ill, That which is sold at a market : 
 
 T. MKRCHANIHSK. 
 
 Staple (adj.) : the s. commodities of 
 a country, perb. * quaecunque allqua in 
 
 terra veneunt : the t. productiwis of 
 Arabia, Arabiae merces, Plin. 19, I, 2 
 tlte s. trade, merclmonium . cf. fac. A. 
 15, j8. 
 
 Star; I. ^ heavenly body: I, 
 Stella the chilly s. of .'Saturn, frigida 
 Saturni s., Vlig. G. i, 3j6. 2. sl- 
 
 dus, eris, n. (strictly, a constellatum) : 
 the ill^imened s. of .^alurn, triste Sa- 
 turni 8., Juv. 6, "569. 3. aslrum : 
 Caesar's s., Caesaris a., Virg. E. 9, 47. 
 4. signum : Hor S. 2, 5, 10. 
 Phr.: tlie ntoming-s., Lucifer, eri. m. : 
 or, Stella Veneris (cf. Stella Veneris, 
 quae 4>ioa<t>6pov Graece, Latme dlcitur 
 Lucifer,Cic. N.l>. 2,20,5}). the evening-s, 
 Hesperus, or -os, ib. : or. Vesper, eris, 
 or firl, m. : Vespero surgente, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 9, 10; a vandeiiug s., st<-lla 
 errans, (jic. N. I). 2, 20, 51 : stella vaga, 
 Luc. 9, 12: planeta, ae, m. : Stella erra- 
 tica: erro, Gell. : v. planet : fixed s.s, 
 astra Intixa certis locis, Cic. Tusc. i, 25, 
 62: astra fixa, Luc. ^, 12: o luclcy s.. 
 faustum sidus. Cat. 64, no. bom under 
 a lucky s., sidere dextro editus, Stat. S. 
 i. 4, 6;: an unlucky s., durum sidus, 
 Prop. I, 6, j6: the s. under which one is 
 bom, astruni natale, Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 187 : 
 sidus nataliciuni. Cic. Itiv. 2, 4?, 91 : the 
 courses of the s.s, errantium stellarum 
 cursus, Cic. Tusc. I, 2;, 62- to raise to 
 the S.S, educere, ferre, inferre in astra 
 aliquem, Cic. : Virg. • Hor. : covered 
 ii-ith ss : V. STARKV : s.-gazer, astro- 
 16gus ; V ASTKOLOGF.B: to tie s.-gazing, 
 baud penes se esse, cf. Hor. S. 2, }, 
 27? : a shooling-s., decidiiuin sidus, Plin. 
 2, 8, 6 : (cf. Cic. l»iv. 2. 6, 16: stellae 
 trajectio) : a glolie of the ss, sphaera, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, '25, 6j.' II. Anything 
 
 in the shape of a s. ; stella : let tlie 
 vine be separated into the shape of a «., 
 vitis in stellani dividalur, Colum. 4, 17. 
 III. A person of brilliant qualities . 
 1. sidus. eris, n. . iJ s. of the Fabian 
 family, sidus Fabiae, Maxime, gentis 
 ades,6v. Pont. ?, }, 2. 2. liimen, inis, 
 «. ; vuist illustrious men, stars of tlte 
 republic, praestantissimi viri lumina 
 relpublicae, Cic. PbiL 2, 15, J7 : a s. 
 among orators, lumen eloquentiae, id. 
 Brut. 17. 
 
 star (p) •• lo cover u-ith stars : stello, 
 iitum, I (rare) ■ gems s.'d vrith a repre- 
 sentatiim of the Hyades in their proper 
 number and position, genmiae s. Hya- 
 dutn et nuniero et disposltione, Plin. 17, 
 7, 28. 
 
 starboard: perb. •dextmm latus 
 navis. 
 
 Starch (subs.): amylum.- Plin. 18, 
 
 7.17- 
 
 starch («•) •• to stiffen .- amylo, l : 
 Apic. 7, 6 : s.'d (stiff and proud) : perb. 
 superbus, tristis. sfverus : v. srtFF, 
 rKoui). 
 
 Stare (subs.) ; 1. obtutus, lis, m. : 
 he keeps his countenance in a fixed s., 
 detixa obtutu tenet ora, Virg. Aen. 7, 
 250. 2. inten'io ofulorura, Cic. deOr. 
 
 ?, 59, 222: V. GAZE. 
 
 Stare (f ■) •■ 1. '" *. with rivet*d 
 
 eyts, defixis oculis torpere. Ov. Met 11, 
 76. 2. inhio, I : he s.s fixedly at and 
 consults the steaming entrails, inhians 
 spiraniia consullt exta, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 64. 3, stupeo, ul, 2: while you are 
 .^laifing this, we blockheads s., haec dum 
 loqueri* nos barones st, Cic. Fin. 2, 2?, 
 77 : some s. at the offering to Minerva, 
 pars stupet donum Minervae, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, J I. 
 
 at : 1. intOeor, itus, 2 ; s.ing at 
 
 you, intuens in te, Cic. Br. 97, }ji 2. 
 contemplor, atus. i : don't wonder or s. 
 at me, mirari noli neque me c. PL Poen. 
 5. J. 'O- 3. specto, I : rejoice t>ecattse 
 a thousand eyes s. at you as you speak, 
 gaude quod s. oculi te mllle loquentem, 
 Hor. Kp. 1, 6, 19. 4. haerere detixum 
 in aliquo. Val. Fl. 5, 177 
 
 Star-fish: stella: Plin. 9, 60, 86. 
 
 Stark : I. (Adj.). stiff : rigidus : v. 
 RIGID, STIFF. II, (Adv.). quite : s. naked, 
 plane nudus . omni veste exutus . nudus 
 membra, Virg. Aen. 8, 425 : v. naked 
 s. mad, delirus, Cic: Hor.' demens. 
 
 Cic. Lucr. : Hor. : insanos, Cic. : Hor.i 
 vesanus, Cic. : Hor.; r. mad. 
 
 Starlight : aethra >.iderea. Vine Aa». 
 }, 58; • igiies siderei, Ov. M. 15, 665; a 
 s. nigttt. hox slderibus illustrls, I'ai-. A. 
 
 1, 50 thne is s., *luct-nt sidera : sunt 
 astrorum ignes, Virg. Aen. i, 585. 
 
 starlike : starlike eyes, stellautia 
 lumina. Val. Fl. j, 98. 
 
 Starling ; slumus : Plin. 10, 24, J5 : 
 flocks 0/ s.s, sturuonim agmina, id. 18, 
 
 n.45" 
 
 Star-lizard: stellio,5nis,m.;Virg.G. 
 4. 2n. 
 
 starry: 1. tlu s. heaven, coeium 
 astris distinctum et omatum, Cic. N. I). 
 i- J7. 95 '■ (noctumi coeli forma undique 
 slderibus orriata, id. Tusc. i, 28. 68). 
 2, sidSreus (poet) the s. head of 
 yight, caput 8. noctis, Ov. M. 15, Jl. 
 3. stellans, nti8(poet). tlte s. hraoen, 
 s. coelnm, Virg. Aen. 7, 210. 4. stel- 
 latiis (poet.) tlie s. house, donius s., 
 Claud. Kapt. Pros, i, 8. 5. stellifer, 
 6ra, eruni (rare) : the s. tract of heaven, 
 coeli cursus s., Cic. Somn. .So. 5 
 
 start (subs.) : I. A sudden motion of 
 the boily from fear or surprise : jx-rh. re- 
 pens tremor: subita trepidatio: to wake 
 up with a s., repente excuti somno: cf. 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 502. ||, A lieginning: 
 1. inliium : it takes its s. from 
 the Rhone, i. capit a flumine Kliodano, 
 Caes. B. G. I, I : to make a bad s., male 
 ponere initia,Cic. Att 10, 18. 2. initus 
 niovendi, Lucr. i, 384: initus motus, id. 
 
 2, 269. Ill, A setting out : profcctio, 
 Onis, /. : to get ready for a s.. pr. 
 parare, Caes. B. C. 1 , 27. Phr.: to make 
 afresh s. in life, ad carceres a calce re- 
 vocan.Cic. deSen. 2}, 8j : when you have 
 as it were just made a s., tanquam a 
 carceribus emissus, id. Am. 27: to giie 
 the signal for a s., mittere mappani. 
 Mart. 12, 29, 9: (cf. Ov, M. 10, 652, the 
 trumpets had given the signal for a »., 
 signa lubae dcderant) to get the s. of 
 any one, occupare aliquem, cf. Cic. I'usc. 
 5,9, 27 : Antony had tuo dayi t. of nie, 
 biduo me A. antecessit, id. Fam. 11, I? : 
 I iixmder where I got the s. nf her, miror 
 ubi ego huic anteverterim, Ter. Eun. 4. 
 5, 12 : the king had got a considerable $., 
 aiiqnantum viae praeceperat rex, Liv. 
 36, 19 ; the enemy v.as likely by a short 
 cut to get a s., liostis breviore via prae- 
 ventunis erat, Liv 22, 24. 
 
 Start (>'•) •" I. ^o "1*"* suddenly 
 from agitation or fear t L tr?misc<j, 
 i : he ss at the sourui qffootstefis and 
 voice, sonltumqiie pedum vocemque tr., 
 Virg. Aen. j, 648. 2. riSsIUo, ui, 4 
 the polypus ss back from the smell of 
 savory, polypus r. ab odore cunllae, 
 Plin. 10, 70, 90. 3. concutior, cussus, 
 } : Sen. Traiiq. 2. 4. horreo. ui, 2 : 
 he S.S when hands are ajpUed to fresh 
 wou7ids, h. admotas vulnera cruda 
 raanus, Ov. Pont. i. ;, 16. 5. coin- 
 moveri mPtu : cf. Ter. And. 5, 4, J4. 
 6. expavesco. pavi, } : to s. at an 
 uproar, ex. ad tumultum aliquem, Plin. 
 10, 77. 97 cf. Liv. 6, 14. 7. to *• "P- 
 exsilio, emerge. Lucr. 2, 200. 8. '<> 
 s. tact: v. becoil. ||. Vof.asuniier 
 burst ; 1, dissllio, ui, 4 . bronze vess'ls 
 often s. asunder, aera dissiliunt vulgo, 
 Virg. G. j, 36}. 2. ninipor, dlrumiHir 
 V. SNAP. III. To set out: 1. prflfi- 
 ciscor, fectus, } : xthen you had s.'d I0 
 come to me, cum ad me pr. es ire, PI. Kiid. 
 J, 6. 9 : (cf. Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 16: pr.Cyprnm 
 {tos.for Ci/prusi). 2. "'cip*re ilfir 
 PI. Cas. 2, I, 16. 3. in viani se dare 
 (to s. on a journey), Cic. Fam. 14, ft 
 Phr.: to s. with: prinium. inprimis, 
 a primo : cf. id N. D. 2. I, {. he provet. 
 to s. u^lh, that gods exist, then what 
 their nature is, primum docet dcos esse 
 deinde qiluUs suit in a loiv tone to (. 
 u-ith, then more earnest, sunimissus a 
 prinio, delude pressus, id. Or. 8, 26 
 / vow return to the subject with which t 
 s.'d, nunc ad inceptum redeo. Sail. J. 4, 
 fin. : to s. in a race, carcere mlttl, or 
 "emitti, Ov. H. 18, 166: caroere effundi, 
 Virg. G. }, 104 . e carceribus exire, Cic, 
 Brut. 47, 171 . carceribus mitti, Hor. S. 
 79J
 
 ST A RTE R 
 
 STATE 
 
 STATI ONART 
 
 1. 1, 114. IV. To set on foot I \, 
 iDstituo, ui, utura, i to s. a barter in 
 ont^s oivn house, domesticum mercatum 
 *., Cic. Pbil. J, 12, JO. 2. Initium 
 alicujus facgre • cf. Cic. PhiL 5, "j, 20, ke 
 would have s.'d the massacre with me, 
 caedis initium fecisset a me. 3. 
 auspicor, atiis, i to s. mie's life, vitam 
 a., Plin. 7, prooem. j. 4, aggrSdior, 
 gressus, j to s. a canvass, ad petitionem 
 a., Cic. Miir. 7, 15 : to s.a business, nego- 
 tiuni a., id. Off. i, 21, "]} 5. commoveo, 
 ovi, otum, 2 you have s.d a subject, 
 rem commovisti, id. Brut. 87, 297: to s. 
 a doubt about a thing, aliquid in dubium 
 vocare, id. de Or. 2, 34 to s. a discussion, 
 inferre sermonem, id. Off. i, 40, 144. 
 V. I'o s. game .- 1. excio, ivi or 
 li, Itum and ilnm, 4 ; the hounds s.'d the 
 Jwar out of its lair, suem latebris exci- 
 vere canes, Ov. M. 10, 710. 2. excito, 
 
 1 , to s. wild animals, feras e., Cic. Off. 
 J, 17, 68 : to s. a stag from its covert, 
 cervum nemorosis latibulis e., Pbaedr. 
 
 2, 8, I. 
 
 starter : one tvho arranges those who 
 start in a race, morator, oris, m. : v. 
 Smith's Class. Diet, sub voc. ciEcns. 
 
 Starting - place : career, 6ris, m. 
 (usually plur., carceres, um), Cic. : 
 Virg. . Hor. Also, claustra, Hor. Ep. 
 1, 14, 9: f6res carceris, Ov Trist. 5, 9, 
 29 , repagula, id. M. 2, 155 ; limina 
 equorum, id. 16, J 17: alba Unea, cf. 
 Id. M. J, 2, 19. 
 
 startle : to frighten : v. frighten. 
 
 startling (a^?) ■ formldSlosus : ter- 
 ribilis, e: v tereible, fearful: a s. 
 state of affairs, formidolosa tempora, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, i, i: a s. sound, terribilis 
 sonitus, Liv. j8, 5 : o s. action, mirum 
 facinus, PI. Ps. 1, 5, 97. 
 
 starvation : 1. fames, is, /. .- to 
 support absolute s., e.xtremam f. sus- 
 tentare, Caes. B. G. 7, 17. 2. Ingdia: 
 to kill oneself by s., inedia vitam flnire, 
 Plin. Ep. J, T 3. state of s., esiiiies, 
 ei,/. (rare). Coel. in Cic Fam. 8, i,fm. 
 P h r. : to be reduced to a state of s., ad 
 extremum inopiae venire, Tac. Agr. 28. 
 
 starve; I. To perish by hunger: 
 fame engcari, Cic. Div, 2, J5, 7? t<lme 
 confici, id. Off. j, 6, 29: fame consumi, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 20 : inopia excruciatum 
 mori, PI. Bacch. 3, 3, IJ4: fame mori, 
 Plin. II, 18, 20. II, To suffe)- ftom 
 cold : 1. frigeo, 2 ; I fear you will 
 s. with cold in your winter quarters, 
 metuo ne frigeas in hibemis, Cic. Fam. 
 7,6. 2. frigesco, frixi, J : weare s.ing 
 tvith cold, frigore frigescimus, Coel. in 
 Cic. Fam. 8, 6. 3. rigeo, 2 : he is s.d 
 with cold, riget frigore, Lucr. j, 906. 
 P h r, ; to he s.d to death with cold, algu 
 interfici, PI. Most, i, j, }6. |||. To kUl 
 hy hunger, fame enecare, consumere, in- 
 terficere, coiificeie v. supr. P h r. : he 
 designs to s. out Italy and the city, con- 
 Bilium est Italiam et urbem suffocare 
 fame, Cic. Att. (), ^ to s. out a garri- 
 son, praesidium ad ultimum inopiae ad- 
 dncere, Liv. 2;, 19: or, inopia expug- 
 nare . fame hostes in deditionem subi- 
 gere. Curl. 7, 70. 
 
 Starveling ■ 1. esilrio, onis, m. : 
 PLPers. I, 3,2}. 2. fSimelicus- that 
 wretdied s., ille miser f., Ter. Eun. 2, 
 2,29. 
 
 state (.subs.) : \, Condition : 1. 
 stitus, us, m. : the s. of public affairs, 
 8. rerum commnnium, Cic. Fam. i, 8. 
 2, conditio, onis,/.; s. of slavery, 
 c. servitutis, id. 4, 8, 16. 3. locus 
 when he had ascertained the s. of 
 affairs, quum quo in loco res esset 
 cognovisset, Caes. B. H. 2, 26. 4. sedes, 
 is, /. ; may be God uill restore these 
 things to their former s., Deus haec for- 
 tasse reducet in sedem, Hor. Epod. i ;, 8. 
 5, «. of affairs, res, rei,/. : you have 
 tcUd nothing in your letter aliout the s. 
 of your onn affairs, nihil de tuis rebus 
 scripsisti, Cic Fam. 7, 6: v. circdm- 
 .fiTANCES, POSITION. Phr. : to restore 
 a thing to its former s., in pristinum 
 statum aliquid rcstilnere, Cic. : to be 
 in a better s., in meliore esse loco, id. 
 ■ Harugp, 2t, 61 : in a worse *., dete- 
 794 
 
 riore esse statu, ib. ichile thing* were 
 in this s., hoc statu rerum, Liv. 3, 22 : 
 a hopeless s. of health, perdita valetudo, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 29 m an utterly hope- 
 less state of bankruptcy, plane perditus 
 aere alieno, Cic. Phil. 2, jj, 78. the s. of 
 the times, tenipus, oris, n. : cf. Cic. Fam. 
 4, 9 : in tlie present s. of the times, 
 in tali tempore, id. tjuint. 1,1 a dubious 
 arid threatening s. of affairs, rerum 
 status dubius et miiiax. Sen. .A gam. jo8 : 
 a lamentable s. of things, flebilis status, 
 Ov. Trist. 5, I, ; the s. of tite case with 
 Regiilus was lyetter, R. erat in meliore 
 causa, Cic. Off. }, 27, 100. to be in tlie 
 same s., in eadem causa esse, Caes. B. G. 
 
 4, 4 . considering the s. of affairs, pro 
 re nata- v. stand (VL). ||, A body 
 politic: 1. civilas, tatis,/. : the coun- 
 cils and assemblages of mtn associating 
 together on principles of law, which are 
 called s.s, concilia coetusque hominum 
 jure sociati, quae civitates appellantur, 
 Cic. Rep. 6, I J , he convinced the s., 
 civitati peisuasit, Caes. B. G. i, 2. 2. 
 res publica. or respublica, rei publicae, 
 
 f. : the whole constitution of the s. is 
 revolutionised, commutata est ratio rei 
 totius publicae, Cic. Att. 1, i . to do one's 
 duty to the s., reipublicae oflicium prae- 
 stare, Caes. B. G. 4, 25. 3. regnum ; 
 (rrhen governed by a king') : pass. 4. 
 impgrium: (ivith regard to the poner 
 possessed by the s.) : v. kingdom, empire. 
 Phr.: to take part in the administra- 
 tif/n of the s., ad rempublicam accedere, 
 Cic. Rose. Am. i, }: rempublicam at- 
 tingere, id. Att. 2, 22 rempublicam 
 capessere, id. Sest. 6, 14 also, rempub- 
 licam administrare, gerere, Cic. . lo guide 
 the helm of s., gubernacula reipublicae 
 tractare, Cic. Sest. 9. 20 : to sit at the 
 helm of s., ad gubernacula reip. sedere, 
 id. Rose. Am. 18, 51 : to desert the helm 
 of s., recedere a gnbernaculis, id. Fam. 
 16, 27 : abjicere gubernacula, Val. Max. 
 7, 6, I ; to commit the entire manage- 
 ment of the s. to any one, permiltere 
 omnem remp. alicui, Cic. Cat. I, 2 : to 
 endanger the s., labefactare remp., id. 
 Fin. I, IJ, 4? : to the great detriment of 
 the s., pes.simo publico, Varr. R. U. i, 13 : 
 a revolution in the s., mutatio rerum, 
 Cic. Att. 8? conversio rerum publi- 
 carum, id. Div. 2, 2, 6 ■ the serious misfor- 
 tune of the s., gravis casus civitatis, ib. : 
 a s. office, magistratus, Qs, m. : honor. 
 Oris, wi. ; reipublicae niunus, Cic, de Or. 
 
 1, 45; a minister of s. (under a king), 
 amicus regis, Nep. de Reg. 3, i- a 
 speech on s. affairs, civilis oratio, Cic. 
 Or. 9, }o : business of the s., negotium, 
 or, publicum negotium, cf. id. Off. 3, i : 
 s. papers or records, tabulae publicae, 
 Liv. 26, j5: liteiae publicae, Caes. B. G. 
 
 5. 47 : robes nfs., insignia magistratuum, 
 Sail. C. ;i ; insignia dignitatis, Cic. Phil. 
 
 2, 41, 105 ; forensia, Suet. Aug. 7J : 
 toga purpurea (royal), Cic. Phil. 2, J4, 85 : 
 a secret of s., aliquid arcani, Liv. 2}, 22: 
 mysterium, Cic. Att. 4, 18 : s. sacrifices, 
 sacrificia publica, Caes. B. G. 6, I2 : or, 
 sacra publica the revenues of the s., 
 vectigalia : fiscus : pecunia vectigalis, Cic. 
 Verr. i, J5, 89: v. bf.vence. to make 
 the property of the s., publico, i : in pub- 
 licum aliquid redigere, Liv. 4, 15: v. 
 CONFISCATE : tofeast at the cost of the s., 
 de publico convivari, Cic. Verr. 3, 44, 
 105. Ill, Magnificence, splendour: 
 superbia, magnlficentia : v. splendour, 
 
 GRANDEUR. 
 
 state (f.) to declare : 1. praedico, 
 I : I heard Crassus st.ing that this insult 
 was fastened upon him by Cicero, Cras- 
 sum audivi praedicantem tantam sibi 
 contumeliam a Cicerone impositani esse. 
 Sail. Cat. 49. 2. profiteor, fessus, 2 : 
 to St. and publicly declare a thing, pro- 
 fiteri et in medium proferre aliquid, Cic. 
 Fam. 2, 13, 76. 3. to s. explicitly, 
 
 nominatim aliquid indicare, Plin. 15, 14, 
 15. 4. narro, i: / will s. at length, 
 narrabo ordine, Ter. Ad. 4, I, 20: cf. id. 
 I, 2, 70. 5, auctor esse (of writers): 
 J^abius B. s.s that a letter was written 
 to Caecina, Fabius Rusticus auctor est 
 scriptos esse ad Caecinam codicillos, 
 
 Tac. A. I J, 20. 6. scribo, psi, ptnm, 
 3 (to s. in iiniting) : it is s.d to us that 
 a great number have met at Rome, scri- 
 bitur nobis muliitudinem Romam con- 
 venisse. Brut, et Cass, in Cic. Fam. 11, 
 2 . cf . Caes. B. G. 5, 48. P h r. : to s. a 
 case, causam explicare, Cic. Ros. Am 
 12, J4: to s. a matter ai great lengtfi, 
 rem pluribus verbis exponere, id. Fin. 
 J, 4, ij : to s. shortly, breviter exponere, 
 id. Pis. }, 7 to s. on oath, Jurejurando 
 aflirmare, Liv 29, 2J : to s. positively, 
 adsevero, i . PL Mil. j, i, 164 Cic. 
 Stateliness ; siiperbia, gravltas, lau- 
 
 tltia V. GRANDEDK, MAGNIFICENCE. 
 
 stately : superbus, maguificus, lau- 
 
 tUS: V. GRAND, HAUGHTY, 
 
 statement ; 1. afflrmatio, onis, 
 /. : an oath is a solemn s., est enim 
 jusjurandum aff. religiosa, Cic. Off. 3, 
 29. 104; the most positive s. of the 
 annals, constanlissima annalium aff., 
 Plin. 28, 2, 4. 2. expositio, onis, /, .- 
 a s.qf opinion, senientiae ex., Cic, deOr, 
 3, 5 J, 203. 3. professio, onis,/, : (o 
 public s. of property) : complete your s., 
 confice professionem, id. Fam. 16, 23, 
 4. dictum no one takes much 
 account of my s., nemo meum d, magnl 
 facit, PI. As. 2, 4, I. 5. libellus 
 (a written s.) : jt tticus composed a writ- 
 ten s., Atticus 1. coniposuit, Cic. Att. 16, 
 10. 6. testlmi5nium : (the s. of wit- 
 nesses) : read tlie s.s of the witnesses, 
 legite testimonia testium, id. Mil. 17, 
 46. Phr.: to make a s. of, profiteri 
 (with ace.) : to make a s. before the 
 decemvirs of the amount of his booty, 
 apud decern viros quantum habeat prae- 
 dae profiteri, id. Agr. 2, 22, 59 ; no 
 written s. of anything teas made, nihil 
 erat scriptuin, id. Phil. 2, 27, 67 to 
 make a false s., falsum dicere, scribere 
 V. MIS-STATEMENT to make a s against 
 any one, deferre aliquem, Tac. A. 13. 33 
 nomen alicujus delerre de aliquo, Cic 
 Ros. Am. 10, 28 : to make a s. of debts, 
 eonficere tabu las, id. Rose. Com. 1, 4 
 according to the s. of Livy, Llvio auclore. 
 
 state-paper-office • 1, tabaia- 
 rium: Cic. N. 1). 3, }o, 74: Liv. 2. 
 
 tabillaria : Claud. Aug. in Non. 208, 29. 
 3. * tabulinum publicum. 
 
 statesman^ perh. *is qui rempub- 
 licam administrat, qui in rebus publicis 
 versatur. reipublicae peri tus, Nep. Cat. 
 } : a most accomplished s., vir regendae 
 reipublicae scieutissimus, Cic. de Or. i, 
 49,214. the lecuiing s., priiicipes in re- 
 publica, id. Fam. i, 9. 
 
 Statesman - ship : civius scientia, 
 Cic. Invest, i, 5 ; civilis prudentia, id. 
 Rep. I, 2 : rerum civilium cognitio et 
 pnidentia, id. de Or. i, 14, 60; civilitas, 
 tatis,/. Quint. 2, 15, 25. 
 
 Statics: perh. *ponderum et men- 
 surarum scientia (Ainsw.) : * statice, 
 es,/ 
 
 station (subs.) : |, Bank 1 V. STAND- 
 ING, POSITION. \\. A place occupied: 1, 
 statio, onis. /. : the cohorts dispatched 
 from their s., emissae e statione cohortes, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 42 : an unsafe s.for ships, 
 statio male fida carinis, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 2J. 2. praesidium to occupy a s. 
 and fortify it, p. occupare et munire, 
 Caes. B. C. 3, 45. 3. locus to fortify 
 a s., locum munire, id. B. G. I, 24. 4. 
 castra stativa, or statlva, Ssill. J. 48 
 Liv 2, 52. 
 
 station (v.) • 1, loco, i . to s. 
 the cavalry before the flanks, equites 1. 
 pro comibus, Quint. 2, IJ, 3. 2. 
 
 colloco, I : he s.'d the legions nearer Ar- 
 menia, legiones c. propius Armeniam, 
 Tac. A. 13, 7. 3. pono, p6sui, p6si- 
 tum, 3 : to s.a legion, legionem p., Caes. 
 B. C. 3, J4. 4, dispono, p6sui, p6si- 
 tum, J • to s. guards in various places, 
 custodias d., id. 3, Z: to s. horses in 
 relays, equos d., Liv. J7, 7 to s. guards 
 all round the senate, armatorum corona 
 senatum sepire, Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 1 1 2. 
 
 Stationary ; 1. siabilis, e • a «. 
 battle, s. proelium, Tac. A. 2, 21 ■ to re- 
 nuiin with s. foot, when the other flies, 
 quae maneat stabili, quum fugit ilia, 
 pede, Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 29. 2. immotus :
 
 STATIONER 
 
 Steadily 
 
 STE A LTH 
 
 Iferes remained s. many days, Ceres 
 duravit niultis i. dipbus, Ov. K. 4, 50;. 
 3. fixus : locii fixus: non se 1116- 
 vens : sedens. I* h r. : to be s., non ves- 
 tigio niovi-ri, I.iv. 10, j6: stare in ves- 
 tigio, Auct. Her. }, 15, 26: stabilem 
 8<5ere, Ov. F. 4. }o}: (of disease) con- 
 slsto: ue must se^. uhethn- the disease 
 increases, is .v., irr is subsiding, viden- 
 dum, morbus an incrcscat, an conhistat, 
 an niiniialur, G-ls. j, 2. 
 
 stationer : r^rh. bibliOpola, Mart. 4, 
 ^^, 2 : librariiis, Gcll. 5, 4 : .Sen. Ben. 7, 
 6: * cbarUipraU's, Co<i. Just. 11, 17: 
 •chartarius, l)U>ni. p. jiJ J^- a s.'s shop, 
 perh. taberna cliariarla : cbartaria offi- 
 cina, PUn. 18, 10, 19. 
 
 stationery: perh. 'res scriptoriae.- 
 res chanari.ie : the whole furniture of 
 poets is s., lota supiUex vatum piorum 
 cbartea est. A us. Kp. 10. 40. 
 
 statistical: p»^rh. lenMialis: *quod 
 pertinet a4 rcceiisionem populi. 
 
 statistics : perh. census, us, m. 
 Pbr. : to ajVect s. of a population, 
 aetates suboles famiiias pecuniasque 
 censere, Cic. Leg. 3, j. 7 : the collecting 
 of s., cognitio rerum, Quint. 2, 18, i. 
 
 Statuary : |. A maker of statues : 
 1. fictor, oris, m. ; Cic. N. I), i, 
 29, 81. 2, staluarius : Sen. Ep. 88. 
 3. artifex, f icis, m. : statuaries, 
 artifices corporum, Cic. Fam. 5, 12: a. 
 statuarum, Quint. 5, 12, 9. 4. sculptor 
 (scalptor), oris, m. (^11 orker of anything 
 in stone): Plin. jf>, 5, 2. Pbr.: to 
 obtain eminence as a s., niarmore scal- 
 pendo inclarescere, id. }6, 4, i. 5. 
 marmSrarius ; Vitr. 7, 6 : Sen. Ep. 
 88. 6. statuaries: ii qui signa fabrl- 
 cantur, Cic. Off. i, 41, 16. ||. The 
 art of making statues : 1. ars sta- 
 tuaria, Plin. 54, 7, 16. 2. sculptura ; 
 (actual working in stone), Plin. 16, 40, 
 
 Statne ; 1. statua : they throw 
 down a statue which was a very good 
 likeness of that man, s. istius persi- 
 milem deturbant, Cic. Pis. J8, 9?: an 
 equestrian s., statua equestris, id. Phil. 
 5, i;, 41: of. s. pedestris, ib. 9, 6, ij ; 
 a gUikd s., s. inaurata, ib. 2. sTn)ii- 
 lacrum (strictly, image of a god) : 
 a t. of a goddess not in human shape, 
 8. deae non effigie humana, Tac. H. 
 2, J. 3. signum : a bronze, marble, 
 ivory s., s. aeneum, martnoreum, ebur- 
 neum, Cic. Verr. 4, i : life-like s.s, spi- 
 rantia signa, Virg. G. }, 34. 4. effigies, 
 ei,/. : a stone s., sa,\ea eff.. Cat. 64, 61. 
 5. Imago, inis, f. : he nould not 
 alloiv a s. if himself to be made, non 
 ficlam i. suam passus est esse, (;ic. Fam. 
 5, 12: a bronze s., imago ex aere ali- 
 cnjus, id. Or. ji, 11c. 6. aes, aeris, 
 n. ; to make a bronze s., ducere aera, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, 240 : to make a bronze s. 
 of any one, ducere aliquem ex aere, 
 Plin. 7, ?7, (8: tu have a s. erected to 
 one in bronze, stare aeneus, Hor. S. 2, j, 
 18}. Ph r. : to have one's s. made, fingi, 
 Cic. Fam. 5, 12 : to put up a marble s. 
 of any one, facere, (/r, pouere aliquem 
 marmoreum, Virg. E. 7, 3; : Hor. Od. 
 4, I, 20 : aliquem scalpere, Plin. 7, 
 ?7. J8. 
 
 . Stature : 1. statiira : / should 
 
 like you to tnH me of what s. he was, 
 velim mihi dicas qua s. fuerit, Cic. Phil. 
 2, 15, 21 : a moderate s., commoda s., 
 PI. Asin. 2, }, 41 : he iras above the 
 ordinary s.. fnit 8. quae Justam ex- 
 cederet. Suet. Tib. 68 men of such 
 small s., homines tantulae s., Caes. B. G. 
 X fo. 2. status, us, m. (rare) : in 
 male potdtri/ a greater s. is wanted, in 
 gallinaceis maribus s. altlor quaerilur, 
 Col. 8, 2, 9. Pbr.: Ufty s., proceritas, 
 tatls, /. : Cic. Coel. 15, ?6 : small s., 
 brC vitas, tatis,/. ; Cacs. B. G. 2, jo. 
 
 Statutable : legltimus : that lias 
 the s. day firr the comitia to be held, 
 dies is erat 1. comitiis babendls, Cic. Verr. 
 2, 52. 1 29 : the s. age for being a candi- 
 date for the aedileship, aetas 1. ad pe- 
 tendam aedilitatem, Liv. 25, 2 : v. legal. 
 
 Statute : lex : constitutura : constl- 
 
 tUtiO . V. LAW. 
 
 statute-book: perh. l. tabulae 
 in quibus leges inscribuntur: cf. Plin. 
 M. 9. ii- 2. codex, icis, m. F'hr. : 
 to ci'mpik a s.. Jura Uteris niandare : 
 cf. Cic. I'bil. 2. 41, 105. 
 
 stave (*Tb«.) •■ I. Thin plank of a 
 
 cask : dolii lamina, Plin. 18, 26, 64. 
 
 II. Lines betneen which music is 
 
 toritten : perh. * lineae quibus musici 
 
 numeri tioianlur. 
 
 stave in ("•) •■ permmpo. rupi, rup- 
 tum, ; j)erlrango, fregi, fraclum, } : 
 V. BClt^T. 
 
 off: arceo, ui, 2 : moror, atus, i : 
 
 pr6hibeo, ui, iium, 2: v, pirr off, delay. 
 
 stay (subs.) : I, A prop : cdliimen, 
 firmamentum : admlnlciilum : v.Jproi", 
 siri-OKT. Fig. : 1. cOlumen, Inis : 
 the s. of the family, c. familiae, I'er. 
 Pborm. 2, I, 57 : tAe s. of the republic, 
 c. reipublicae, Cic. Sext. 8, 19. 2. 
 praesldium cliastity's strongest s., for- 
 tissimum p. pudoris, id. Sull. 28, 77. 
 3, subsidium, to provide a s. fur 
 one's old age, s. parare senectuti, id. 
 Att I, 10: the s. oftlie republic, B. rei- 
 publicae. Id. Plane. 9, 23. 4. admi- 
 nlciilum : that it would be tlie s. of 
 his old age, id senectuti suae a. fore. 
 I-iv. 10, 22. II. An abiding: 1, 
 mansio, onis, /. .- he consults me as to 
 your s. or departure, de tua m. aut dis- 
 cessione communicat, Cic. Fain. 4, 4. 
 
 2. commoratio, onis,/. ; the beauty 
 of that place is worthy of a lengthened s., 
 not a mere halt, amoenitas ilia commo- 
 rationis non deversorii est, id. 6, 19 : to 
 make a very long s. with a man. apud 
 aliquem diulissime commorari, id. Matiil. 
 5, 13 to make a s. of three days, triduum 
 commorari, id. Kam. 3, 5 : v. visit. 
 
 Ill, Hindrance : m6ra : v. hin- 
 drance. 
 
 stay ("■)■■ A. In trans. : to con- 
 tinue in a place: 1. maneo, nsi, nsum, 
 2: whether they s. or set forth, seu ma- 
 neant seu proficiscantur, Caes. B. G. 5, 
 30; to s. at If line, domi m, ib. 4, i. 2. 
 m6ror, atus, i : yous.'d at Brundusium, 
 Brundusii moratus es, Cic. Fam. 15, 17. 
 
 3. comm6ror, atus, i : / s.'d at 
 Ephesus, Ephesi commoratus sum, ib. 
 3, 5 : to s. at Felorum, ad Pelorum c, 
 id. Verr. 5, 36, 95. Pbr.: the senators 
 are not accustomed to s. auay, sena- 
 tores deesse non solent, id. Phil, i, 5, 
 12 : to s. in camp, tenere se in castris, 
 Liv. 2, 45. B. Trans. : to delay, 
 obstruct, stop : moror, 1 : demoror, 1 : 
 detineo, 2 : v. dklay, stop. 
 
 by : bejaithful to: v. stand by. 
 
 for : 1. maneo : to s. for the 
 
 coming of the enemy, bostium adveu- 
 tum m., Liv. 42, 66 : to s. for any one, 
 aliquem m., Ter. Ph. j. i, 16. 2. 
 opperior. peritus and pertii.s, 4 ; go in- 
 doors and s.for me there, abi intro ; ibi 
 me operire, id. Andr. 3, 2, 42. 3. ex- 
 specto, I : to s. for the storm to pass 
 over, transitum tempestatis e., Cic. Att. 
 2, 21 : V. wait. 
 
 with : to *• ^vith a man, apud 
 
 aliquem maiiere, Cic. Att. 4, 18: apud 
 aliquem commorari. id. Manil. 5, 13 : 
 cum aliquo niorari. Sen. Ep. 32. 
 
 stays: perh. str6phium, i, «.: cf. 
 Cat. 64. 65 : mamillare, cf Mart. 14, 66: 
 a s.-lace. perh. * ligamen strophii. 
 
 stead, in : v. instead of. 
 
 steadfast : firmus : constans : sta- 
 
 bllis: fidus V. FIRM, TRUE. 
 
 steadfastness : stiibilitas : con- 
 
 stantia: timiiludo animl : v. firmness, 
 constancy. 
 
 Steadfastly : constanter : f ideliter : 
 
 v. FIKMI.Y. 
 
 steadily : 1. firme : s. to maintain 
 one's ou-n convictions, assensus suos 
 firme sustinere, Cic. Fin. 3, 9, ji: to 
 assert a thing most s., firmissime asse- 
 verare aliquid, id. Alt. 10, 14. 2. 
 firmiter: to stand one's ground s., f. In- 
 sistere, Caes. B. G. 4, 26 : or expr. by cir- 
 cuml., to walk s.. •firmogressu incederc. 
 3. constanter: to hold one's ground 
 s., c. suo sUitu manere : Cic. Univ. 1 1 : 
 to persist very s. in a tie. constantissime 
 ementiri, Petr. 82. Phr. : to be s. on 
 
 the move, continenter labi, Cic. Acad, i 
 8,31. 
 Steadiness: I. Lit.: st&biutas, 
 
 talis.y. : they combine the s. of infantry, 
 ! with the easy morements of cavalry, 
 I mobilitatem equituin s. peditum prae- 
 I Etaut, Caes. B. G. 4, 33. || Met.: 
 I 1, constantia: «. if character, c. 
 
 morum, Tac. H. 3, 86. Join: tirmliu.-^ 
 et constantia, Cic. Fam. 9, 1 1. 2. grl- 
 vitas, talis,/; to lire v.-ith s.,' cam 
 gravitate et constantia vivere,Cia Off. I 
 21, 72. 3. stiibilitas : let us judge with 
 s. and consiittncii, stabilitate et con- 
 stantia judicemus(opp. to ardorequodam 
 amoris), ib. i, 15, 47. 4. sfveritas 
 tails,/. ; the greatest t. of character is 
 joined with the gieatett refnement. 
 summa a summa cum bumanitate juu- 
 gitur, id. Fam. 12, 27. 
 
 steady: I. Lit.: unshaken: firmua: 
 immotus : stabilis ; v. firm, immove- 
 able. II. Met.: 1. s«verus: to 
 lead a s. life, severus es.^e vita, Cic. 
 Brut. 31, 117. 2. gravis, e: a man of 
 most s. character; homo gravissimus (opp. 
 to levis), id. Rose. C. 16, 49. 3. l^rugl, 
 indecl. : men of very s. and sober cha- 
 racter, homines plane f. et tobrii, id. 
 Verr. j, 27, 67. P h r. : logo at a s.pace, 
 lenle gradiri, Ov. M. 11, 179: medico 
 gradu ire (opp. to festinanter currere), 
 PI. Poen. 3, I, 19 : the hill tUtjttd down 
 to the river witli a s. decline, coUis aequa 
 liter declivis ad fiumen vergebat, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 18. 
 Steak : 1. offa : Pi. Mil. 3, 1. 163. 
 
 2. ofella (dimin. of foregoing): 
 s.s coiiked on an emergency, subitae o.. 
 Mart. 12, 48, 17- a beef-s., o. bubula, 
 Prud. perist. 14, 383. 3. frustum 
 
 (lit., o piece or bit of food) : to cut up 
 into S.S, in frusta secare, cf. Virg. Aen. 
 
 1, 212. 4. beef-sj, cames bovillae, 
 Theod. Prise. 1,7. 5. *praecisum : 
 Naev. in Non. i;i, 2. 
 
 steal: j. In trans.: furtum 
 
 faare, PI. Rud. 4, 3, 21. Pbr.: to be 
 accused of s.ing, furti reum esse, Quint. 
 4, 2, 51 : to be caught in the act of 
 s.ing, furto comprehendi, Caes. B. U. 
 6, 15 : given to s.ing, furtificus (comic), 
 PI. Epid. I, I, 10. II. Trans.: 
 [ 1. furor, atus, i : to t. a thing, 
 
 aliquid f. (opp. to eripere). Cic. Off. 
 
 2, II, 40. 2. surripio, ui, reptum, J: 
 to s. his napkin from the praetor, s. 
 mappam praetori. Mart. 12. 29. 10: to s. 
 (plagiaiise) a great deal from .\aevius, 
 multtt a Naevio s., Cic. Brut. 19, 76. 
 Fig.: you stole an ay from me, suiTl- 
 puisti te mihi, PI. Men. 3, 2, 26. 3. 
 subduco, xi, clum, 3 : to s. a ring from 
 a man, alicui s. anulum, PI. Cure. I, j. 
 81 : he laments that his travelling money 
 has been stoleti, subducta viatica plorat, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 17, 54. Fig.: he s.s aicay 
 
 from the company, de circulo se s., 
 Cic. Q. Fr. J, 4. 4. interclplo, c5pi, 
 ceptum, 3 : to s. o thing from any one, 
 i. aliquid alicui, Ov. PonL 4, 7. 25 : A« 
 stole (plagiarised) the ln'ok before it wot 
 publish'd, librum iiondum editum inwr- 
 o'pit. Suet. Gr. 3. 6. averto, tl, sum, j : 
 to s. cofTi from the state, frumenium a 
 Rep. a., Cic. Verr. 3 69, 16?: Virg.; 
 Cat. Phr.: stolen goods, res furtivae. 
 Quint 5, 13,49: furlK, Cic. Verr. 2, 70, 
 171 : an action brought against one for 
 offering stolen goods for sale, actio oblati, 
 Gell. : v. Diet. Ant. s. v. furtum. 
 
 steal over : 1. suhrejxi, psi, ptum. 
 3 : sleep S.S over his eyes, furtim sub- 
 repit ocellis quies, Ov. F. 3, 19. 2. 
 subeo, ii, Itum, 4 : the fascination of 
 idleness s.s over one, subit inertiae dul- 
 cedo, Tac. Agr. {. 
 
 up : irrepo : v. creep. 
 
 stealing: furtum: v. theft, bob- 
 bery. 
 
 stealth : I. stealing : furtum : 
 
 V. THEFT. II. Secret act ; by stealth. 
 1. furtim : to tmry gold by t., 
 aurum defossa furtim deponere terra, 
 Hor. S. I, I, 42. 2. furtive: favours 
 granted by s., data f. munera, Ov. Am. 
 2, >. 6. 3. furto : they desire to bring 
 forth by «, parere furto cupiunt, Plin. 8. 
 
 ■395
 
 STEALTHILY 
 
 STEP 
 
 STERNLY 
 
 JO, 46. 4. clam : to lead out the army 
 frnin camp by s., clam ex castris exer- 
 citum educere. Caes. 15 G. j, 18. 5. 
 clariculum : / left my legion by s., claii- 
 culum abii a legione, PI. Amph. i, j, 25. 
 6. astu : tricks are 110 tricks unless 
 you practise them by s., dull non sunt 
 doli nisi astu colas, PI. Capt. 2, 1, jo. 
 
 stealthily : v. stealth, by. 
 
 stealthy : 1. funivus : a s. jour- 
 ney through Italy, f. iter per Italiam. 
 Cic. Pis. 40, 97 : as. embrace, funivus 
 amor, Virg. Aeii. 4, 171. 2. tectus 
 (hidden) : a more concealed and s. lust, 
 occultior et tectior cupiditas, Cic. Am. 
 j6, 104. 3. clandestlnus : he got pos- 
 session of the city by ejfectitig a s. 
 entrance, clandestino introitu urbe po- 
 titus est, Cic. Ofif. 2, 2;, 81. Phr. : to 
 walk on tiptoe with s. tread, suspenso 
 gradu placide ire, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 28. 
 
 steam (s«!>.«.) .• aquae vapcir, oris, m. : 
 the s. caused by the sun to rise from 
 land and ualer, aquarum vapores a sole 
 ex agris et aquis excitati,Cic. N. 1). 2,46, 
 118: o s.-pipe, vaporarium, id. Q. Fr. j, 
 I, I : a s.-bath, balnearum vaporatio, 
 Plin. 28, 6, 18: *balneum vaporosum : 
 furnaces emitting s., fomaces vaporiferi, 
 Stat. S. I, J, 45 ; a s.-boat, *navis vapore 
 impulsa : navis vaporaria : a s.-evgine, 
 *machina vi vaporis mota <»• agitata: 
 * macbinaiio vaporaria. 
 
 steam ("•) ■■ I- A. In trans. : to 
 emit steam : 1. vaporo, i : the waters 
 s. even in the wry ocean, aquae v. et in 
 mari ipso, Plin. ji, 2, 2 : s.ing furnaces, 
 fornaces vaporiferi : v. supr. 2. funio, 
 I : the earth is warm and s.s, terra f. 
 calens, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25 : the warm blood 
 was s.ing, tepidus cruor fumabat, Virg. 
 Aeu. 8, 196 : v. smoke. B. Trans.: 
 to Jill with s. : vaporo, i: to s. the eyes 
 ivith anything, oculos v. aliquo, Plin. 
 28, II, 47. Phr.: the ship s.s into har- 
 bour, * navis vapore impulsa portum 
 tenet. 
 
 steam -boat, steam-engine: v. 
 
 STEAM (subs.). 
 
 steed : equus bellator : v. horse. 
 steel (subs.) : I, Prepared iron : 
 
 1, chalybs, ybis, m. : wound-deal- 
 ing s., c. vulnificus, Virg. Aen. 8, 446. 
 
 2. femim : v. iron. ||. Steel for 
 ttriking a ligld : clavus, i : flints struck 
 by the s. or another stone emit a spark, 
 pyritae clavo vel alio lapide percussi 
 scintillam eduut, Plin. }6, 19, jo. |||, 
 Fig.: used as equivalent to sword : to 
 die by s., ferro necari, Hor. S. 2, 7, 58 : 
 or, uar : to decide by s. and not by gold, 
 ferro non auru cemere, Enn. in Cic. Off. 
 
 1, 12, J8: V. WAR, SWORD. 
 
 steel (V-) ■■ to harden : dure : finuo : 
 confirmo : v. hakden. Phr.: to s. one's 
 heart, gerere ferrum in pectore, Ov. M. 
 9, 614: let us s. ourselves for these three 
 days, obduretur hoc triduum, Cic. Alt. 
 12, } : we have become s.'d to such thiugs, 
 ad ista obduruimus, lb. 1 j, 2 : to s. oneself 
 against fortune, contra fortunam obdu- 
 rescere, id. fuse. ?, 28. Join : obdurpsco 
 et percalleo : cf. id. Mil. 28, 76 : v. har- 
 den-, .STRENGTHEN. 
 
 Steelyard: statera: cf. Suet. Vesp. 
 25- 
 Steep (subs.) : arduum : praeceps, n. : 
 
 V. Hll.L, PRECrPICE. 
 
 steep (.odj) •■ 1. arduus : a s. 
 
 ascent, a. ascensus, Caes. B. G. 2, }}• 
 
 2. pr2ieruptus : a s. and rugged 
 
 hill, p. atque asperum jiigum, id. B. C. 
 
 2, 24. 3. praeceps, cipi lis: as. road, 
 p. via, Cic. Fl. 42, 105. Join : declivis 
 et praeceps (sc. locus), Caes. B. G. 4, j j. 
 
 4. deruptus: s. banks, d. ripae, Liv. 
 J7, J9. Join: arduus et deruptus (sc. 
 coUis), Tac. A. 2, 80. 5. praecisus: 
 a ». path, p. iter. Sail. J. 92. 6. rectus : 
 «. rocks, recta saxa, Liv. 21, }6. 7. 
 adrectus : the greater part of the Alps 
 were sleeper, pleraque Alpium adrectiora 
 erant, ib. ^5. 
 
 steep (»■) : madgfjcio : v. soak. 
 
 steeple : turris, is, /. : V. TOWEB : 
 a church s., * turris aedi sacrae adjecta. 
 
 steeple-chase : certamen eqnorum, 
 cursus equorum : v. race. 
 796 
 
 steeply : praerupte : v. precipi- 
 
 TOnSLY. 
 
 steepness ; ardultas, tatis,/. : the s. 
 <fthe mountains, montiuni a., Varr. K. R. 
 2, 10, i. Better expr. by periph. with 
 arJj. : the s. of the mountains makes 
 the journey difficult, * ardui et abrupti 
 montes iter difficilius reddunt: the s. of 
 the place, * praeceps natura loci. 
 
 Steer (subs.) .- juvencus : Virg. G. 3, 
 169. 
 
 steer ("•) •■ 1. gtibemo, i : they con- 
 tended as to which of them sh-ndd s., cer- 
 tabantquis eorum gubernaret, Cic. Off. i, 
 25, 87. 2. r^go, xi, ctum. j : one hand 
 S.S the ship, mauus una regit (navem), 
 Lucr. 4, 904: cf. Tac. Agr. 28. 3. 
 dirigo, rexi, rectum, } : he s.'d in that 
 direction, eo direxit navem, Nep. Chabr. 
 4. Phr.: to s. in a straight course, 
 cursum tenere, Cic. N. D. j, J4, 8j : Ae 
 S.S too close to the rocks, proram ad saxa 
 suburget interior, Virg. Aen. 5, 202. 
 Fig.: to s. clear of popular odium, 
 invidiam declinare, Tac. H. 4, 41 : to s. 
 a straight course, rectam tenere, Cic. 
 Fam. 12, 24 : to s. a middle course, me- 
 dius esse, id. Att. 10, 8. 
 
 Steerage : I. Tlie act of stea-ing : 
 V. STEERING. ||. 77(6 hinder part of 
 a vessel : puppis, is,/. : v. stern. 
 
 steering : gflbernatio, onis, /. .• the 
 ship is capsized by carelvssness in the s. 
 itself, in ipsa gubernatione negligentia 
 navis evertitur, Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 76 : expr. 
 by, ars gubernatoris, cf. Cic. ib. Ph r. : 
 in s. it makes no difference in what the 
 mistake consists, in gubernando nihil 
 interest quo in genere peccetur, ib. : it 
 is equally bad s.ing, gubernator aeque 
 peccat, ib. 
 
 steerer, steersman: 1. guber- 
 nator, oris, m. : the s. sits in the stem, 
 g. sedet in puppi, Cic. Sen. 6, 17. 2. 
 rector, oris, m. : Virg. Aen. 5, 161. 
 Phr.: the ship has a most skilful s., 
 navis scienti.^simo gubernatore utitur, 
 Cic. Inv. I, J4, 58. I 
 
 stem (subs.): I, Of a tree: truncus: 
 treet which have neither s. nor boughs, ] 
 arbores in quibus non t., non rami sunt, 
 Cic. de Or. j, 46. 179: v. trunk. ||, 
 Of apUint : v. stalk. |||, Prow of a 
 ship : prora : v. prow. 
 
 stem ("■) •■ I. L • t- : to make way 
 against a current : expr. by circuml.: tik 
 scarce forces his boat to s. tlie stream, 
 adverso vix flumine lembum suliigit, 
 Virg. G. I, 201 : the boats apjiear to be ' 
 s.ing the waves, navigia obnitier undis 
 videntur, Lucr. 4, 4J9. ||, Fig.: to' 
 resist : 1. obnitor, nixus, i : nor did 
 the general even try to s. the tide of re- 
 verses, ne dux quidem obniti adversis, 
 Tac. A. 15,11. 2. obsisto, stiti,stitum, 
 } : no power can s. the tide of popular 
 indignation, multorum odiis nuUae opes 
 possunt obsistere, Cic. Off. 2, 7, j; : v. 
 
 OPPOSE, RESIST. 
 
 stench: foetor: gravis Odor: v. stink. 
 stenographist : notarius : actua- 
 
 rius : V. SHORT-HAND WRITER. 
 
 stenography : notae : v. short- 
 hand. 
 
 Step(^*S-)- \. Apace: 1, gradus, 
 lis, m. : to recall a s., g. revocare, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 128 : he led his line at a quick 
 s. against the enemy, aciem pleno g. in 
 hostem inducit, Liv. 4, }2: todepaits. 
 by s. from virtue, gradu a virtu te de- 
 sciscere. Veil. 1,2. 2. gressus, us, m. : 
 he tu7-ns his s.s to the walls, gressum 
 ad moenia tendit, Virg. Aen. i, 410. 3. 
 vestigium (a foots.) : Liv. 9, 45 : to re- 
 move a s. from Hannibal's side, vesti- 
 gium abscedere ab Haniiibale, id. 27, 4. 
 4. passus, us, m. : to walk with lei- 
 surely S.S, lentis p. spatiari, Ov. M. 2, 572. 
 Phr.: to trace any one's s.s, vestigiis 
 odorari ingressus alicujus, Cic. Pis. 14. 8? : 
 tofoUoxo in a father's s.s : vestigiis in- 
 gredi patris, id. Itep. 6, 24 : s. by s., 
 pedetentim, Pac. in Cic. Tusc. 2. 21, 48. 
 Join: pedetentim etgradatim, Cic. Fam. 
 9, 14: also, minutatim et gradatim, id. 
 Acad. 2, 16. 491. Phr.: he passed from 
 the aedileship to the censorsldp at one s., 
 ex aedilitate gradum ad censuram fecit, 
 
 Liv. 27, 6 : this is a s. toicards my re- 
 turn, hie gradus mei reditus est, Cic 
 Att. 7, 2J • to quicken one's s.s, gradum 
 celerare, Virg. Aen. 4, 641 : to take long 
 S.S, ingenti passu gradiri, Ov. M. ij, 776. 
 II. A round in a ladder ; gradus, us, 
 m. : a flight of s.s, scalae : v. stair. |||, 
 Fig.; a measure, plan : ratio, con- 
 silium : V. MEASURE. Phr.: I took s.s 
 to save Marius from a fine, ut niulta 
 Mario depelleretur a me inita ratio est, 
 id. Fam. 5, 20: to take the first s., in- 
 cipere : v. begin : vjhat s.s shall I take f 
 quam insistam viam ? Ter. Eun. 2, j, ; : 
 he did not advance a single s., cubitum 
 nullum processit, Cic. Att. ij, 12: to 
 nuike a false s., prave insistere, Ter. 
 Hec. J, 5, J4 ; this seems to me a false s., 
 hoc mihi videtur factum prave, ib. 4, 
 
 4.24- 
 
 Step (.V.) : 1. gradior, gressus, i : 
 if you were to s. as lovg as you taVc, si 
 graderere taiitum, quantum loquere, PL 
 Ps. 4, 7, I J8. 2. ingredior, gressus, j : 
 to «. proudly, altuni ingredi, Virg. G. j, 
 76. 3. incedo, cessi, cessum, j : they 
 s. proudly along, incedunt magnifice. 
 Sail. J. JI. Phr.: to s. with a high 
 auction (of a horse), gressus glomerare 
 superbos, Virg. G. J, 117 : to s. into the 
 place of another, in alicujus locum suc- 
 cedere, Cic. Phil. 2, 52, 62 • to y. back, 
 gradum reducere, Petr. ij6: to s. out 
 quickly, addere gradum, Liv. 26, 9: to 
 s. aside, de via secedere, PI. Cure. 2, 
 i, J. 
 
 step-brother : vitricl fillus (step- 
 father's son) : Cic. . novercae fiUus 
 (step?iwther's son ): Cic. 
 
 -daughter : privigna, Cic Att. 
 
 I J, 20. 
 
 -father : vitrlcus : Cic. 
 
 -mother : noverca: Cic.Clu. 70^ 
 
 199 : the ill-feeling of a s., novercalia 
 odia, Tac. An. 12, 2. Met.: an unna- 
 tural parent : we cannot decide whether 
 nature has proved a kindly parent or a 
 harsh s. to man, non est satis aestumare 
 parens melior homini an iristior noverca 
 fuerit natura, Plin. 7, i, i. 
 
 Steppe : * planities arida et vasta : 
 
 V. PLAIN, HEATH. 
 
 stepson : privignus : Cic. Clu. 66, 
 188. 
 
 stereotype: *formaeliterarumfixae: 
 *stereotypus. Fig.: s.d phrases, loci 
 communes : cf. Cic. de Or. i, 27, 106. 
 
 sterile : I. Unfruitful, unproduc- 
 tive : 1. st6rilis, e : a-, lands, s. agri, 
 Virg. G. I, 84 : as. heifer (barren), 
 vacca s., id. Aen. 6, 251. 2. infe- 
 cundus (rare) : self-soivn plants are s., 
 quae spunte sua se toUunt, infecunda 
 surgunt, id. G. 2, 48 : land s. in trees, 
 ager inf. arbore. Sail. J. 17. ||, Use- 
 less : sterilis : iniitilis : v. hseless, un- 
 profitable. 
 
 sterility: 1. sterilltas, tatis./.; 
 the s. of the lands, s. agrorum, Cic. Div. 
 I, 57, iji ; s. of wometi, s. mulierum, 
 Plin. 28, 8, 27. 2. infecunditas, tatis: 
 i. terrarum, Tac. A. 4, 6 : i. apium (1. of 
 bees), Plin. 11. 16, 16. 
 
 sterling (subs.) .- standard English 
 money : * numus (nummus) publicae 
 notae : * numus (nummus) anglicana 
 nota publice impressus. 
 
 Sterling {adj.) •• vgrus : bonus : In- 
 teger: V. genuine, TRUE : s.coin.v.supr. 
 
 stem (subs.) : I. Hinder part of a 
 ship: puppis, is,/.: Cic. Att. ij, 21: 
 a 11-ind rising a-s., veiitus surgens a 
 puppi, Virg. Aen. J, ijo. ||. Hinder 
 part of anything : puppis (comic) : ct 
 PI. Epid. I, I, 69 : tergum : v. back. 
 
 stern (adj.) : 1, durus : he is of a 
 s. and inexorable disposition, ingeniu est 
 duro et inexorabili, Ter. Ph. }, 2, I2 : a 
 s. judge, d. judex, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 62. 
 2. austerus : austero more (in a s. 
 manner), opp. to remisse ac leniter : cf. 
 id. CoeL 14. Also, s6verus; tristis; 
 asper; atrox; torvus: v. harsh, severe. 
 
 sternly : dure or dnriter : sfiverg : 
 atrocTter: v. habshly, severely. Phr.: 
 you have acted s., duriter factum est a 
 vobis, Ter. Ad. 4. 5, 28: to look s., toTYa, 
 tueri, Virg. G. 6, 467.
 
 STERNNESS 
 
 STIGMATIZE 
 
 STILL 
 
 Stemness ; 1. s6verTtas, talis,/. 
 Join : tristilia et, s. (gloominess and s.), 
 ctCic. Am. i8: s. of the law courts, .s. 
 jndlcioruni (opp. to lenitas et niiseri- 
 cordia), cf id. Sull. jji 92. 2. atrO- 
 citas, talis,/. : s. n/cltaracter, a. nioruni, 
 Tac. A. 4, I ; : v. .skverity, harshness. 
 
 stethoscope: *stetliosi opium. 
 
 stew (iiubs.) : I. Steued meat ; 
 
 perh. 'cames cum condimeiitis elisae : 
 *cames Jurulentae, cl. Cel.s. 2, 18. ||. 
 AUrotltel: lustra, orum ; liipanar; st«- 
 hutum : fornix : v, brothel. |||. .4 
 fish-pitnd : 1. pistiria : Cic. I'arad. 
 5, 2. 2. vivarium (late I>at. cf. Gel!. 
 I, 20): stew-partds for eels, vivaria mu- 
 raenarum, Pliii. 9, 55, 81. |V. FiS-: 
 a disturbed state of mind : to be in a 
 great s., turbidus esse animi. Tac. H. 4, 
 48 : to get into a great s.. In sunmias 
 angustias adduci, (Jic. Quint. 5: v. ex- 
 
 Cn-EMKNT, PERl'LE.XITV. 
 
 stew (»•) •■ 1. c6quo, xi, ctum, ? : 
 to s. in a cauldron, aerc coquere, Ov. M. 
 4,505. 2. eli.xo, I . Apic. 2, 1. Phr.: 
 to mix s.'d meal tcith roast, assis niiscere 
 elixa, Her. S. 2, 2, 74. 
 
 steward : 1. administrator (ge- 
 neral term) : CIc. 2. procQrator : lo 
 give any order to the s., mandarc aliquid 
 procuratori, Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 249. 3. 
 villicus (o bailiff): v. bailiff. 
 
 Stewardship : 1. administralio : 
 Clc. 2. procurdtio : Cic. 
 
 stew-pan : authepsa : Cic. Kosc. 
 Amer. 46, ijj. 
 
 stick (subs.): 1. baculum (and 
 bacillus) : leaning upon a s., incumbens 
 baculo, Ov. F.j.i'iT. a little s., bacilluni, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, II, jj. 2. clava: Join: 
 clavis et fustibus male miilctaii {f>adly 
 mauled with s.s and cudgels), id. Verr. 
 4, 4}, 94: V. STAFF, <1TDGKL. A candle-s., 
 sciipus: Plin. J4: j, 6: a s. of staling 
 icox, • scapus ccrae. 
 
 stick (f .) .- A. T ra n s. : L fiso, 
 xi, xum, J : to s. o javelin into one, 
 tigere aliquem tele, Virg. Aen. 10, j82. 
 2. infigo: to s. a suord into an 
 enemy's breast, i. gladiura hosti in pectus, 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, ;o : v. tbansfix, thrcsx. 
 B. Intrans.: |, Lit.: 1. 
 Iiaereo, haesi, hacsum, 2 : the chariots 
 vere s.ing in the mud, cunus illuvie 
 naerebant. Curt. 8, 4 : to s. on a horse, 
 h. in eqao, CIc. Deiot 10, 28. 2. in- 
 figor, fixns, J : (he arroir s.s fast in the 
 tree, iufigitur arbore sagitta, V^irg. Aen. 
 ?, 504. 3. haesito, I : to s. fast in a 
 marsh, in pahide h., Caes. B. G. 7, 19. 
 4, adhaereo, 2 : s. to, cf. Virg. G. }, 
 44$. 5. adliaeresco, haesi, haesum, j : 
 the javelin s.s to the toner, ad tnrrim 
 tragula a., Caes. B. G. <;. 46. ||, Fig.: 
 to come to a stand-still : 1, haereo, 2 : 
 to s. in a speech, loquendo h., yulnt. 12, 
 
 1, 29 : / am stuck, haereo, PI. Capl. j, j, 
 17. 2. haesito, 1: to s. in the mvd, 
 h. in luto, Ter. Ph. 5, 2, 15. 
 
 at ; 'o s. at nothing, nihil non 
 
 andere : v. stand at. 
 
 by : V. STAND BT. 
 
 in front : praefigo, j : the bank 
 
 had be.en fortified by s.ing stakes in 
 front, rlpa f rat sudibus praehxis muuita, 
 Caes. B. G. ?. 18 
 
 on : he s. the head on his spear, 
 
 praefixii caput hastae. Suet. Caes. 85. 
 
 to : Fig.: he s.s tt^ justice, justi- 
 
 tlae adliaerescit. Cic. Off. I, 24 : i/i« 7iame 
 sstohim, i!li cognomen adbat-ret, Hor. S. 
 
 2, 2, 56: to s. to the truili, in verilate 
 mancrc, Cic. Clu. 6}, 176: if they would 
 s. by their agreement, si in co manerent, 
 quod conveniseent, Caes. B. G. i, }6: v. 
 
 STAND BY. 
 
 no : to ». up o notice (of sale, 
 
 etc.), tabulam figere. cf. Cic. Phil 2. ?8, 
 97. Fig., stuck up. Ins61ens . superbus : 
 
 ». CONCEITED. 
 
 stickler : expr. by rircuml., with 
 verb or adj. ; he was a great s. for the 
 Itnnour and dignity of the state, digni- 
 tatem et decus ctvitatis sustinebat, Cic. 
 Off. I. J4, 124: a great s. for his oum 
 ypulatinn, curiosisslmus famae suae, 
 Capitol. Anton. Philos. 20. 
 
 Sticky: 1. USnax, iicis: s. honey- 
 
 combs, t. cerae, Virg. G. 4, 161. 2. 
 lentus: gliie more s. tlian pitch, gluten 
 pice leniiuu, ib. 41. 3. gliiUnosus 
 (lite): Cels. 6, 7, 5. 4. viscosus 
 (late): Pall. I, 14. 
 
 Stiff: I. liigid: 1. rigidus: 
 
 s. ocJcx, r. quercus, Virg. E. 6. 28. 2. 
 rigens, nils : the earth s. tcith frost. U-\- 
 lus brums r., I'elr. ijz: limbs gron-ing 
 s. as life departs, membra lugiente 
 rigentia viia, Luc. 2, 25. 3. rlgorat- 
 us (late): s. vine layers, r. traduces, 
 Plin. 17, 2?, J5. Phr.: a s. neck 
 (medical), dolor iiifiexibllls (opistho- 
 lonos). id. 28, 12, 52. ||. Fig.: For- 
 mal, starched : rigidus, horridus, diffl- 
 cills : (s. and formal >'-ith his equals, 
 inter pares difficili.s Tac. A. n, 21): 
 durus, arrOgans : v. kcrjial. Phr.: 
 to valk u-itk a s. deportment, cervice 
 riglda et obstipa incedere, Suet. Tit>. 
 68: assuming a s. demeanour, in arro- 
 gaiitiain conipositus, Tac. Agr. 42. 
 
 Stiffen : \. 1'<^ become hard : 
 
 rigeo, rigesco (poet.), obdiiresco: am- 
 cresco (of liquids, cf. Virg. G. {, 46}) : 
 V. harden. II. To make stiff: 1. 
 rigiduin facere vel praebere. 2. 
 
 duro, I (rare): 3. amylo, i (to $. 
 tcith starch) : v. starch. 
 
 stiffly : I. L i t. : rigide, dure. 
 
 II, Fig.: in a s. formal manner, 
 
 dure, arrfiganter. Expr. by circl. with 
 
 adj. : V. STIFF. 
 
 -necked : obstlnatus : immot- 
 
 us: pertinax: v. obstinate. 
 
 stiffness: I. l-'t. : 1. rigor, 
 
 oris, 7)1. : «. of the neck, cervicis r., Plin. 
 28, 12, 22: s. of expression (in portraits), 
 vultus r., id. J5, 9, jJ. 2. tirmitas, 
 talis, /. (in a good sense) : the s. of the 
 wood resists the bloir, ictum f. materiae 
 sustinet, Caes. B.C. 2, 11. ||, Fig.: 
 .S'. of manner, etc.: 1. rigor: old- 
 fashioned s., antiquus r., Tac. H. i, 18. 
 2. arrcigantla : he had got rid of 
 all harshness and stiffness, tristitiam et 
 arr. exuerat, id. Agr. 9. Phr.: he had 
 no official s. about him, nulla erat potes- 
 tatis persona, ib. 
 
 stifle : |. I'o kill by stopping the 
 Irreatfi : 1, suffoco, i : to 6« s.d by 
 
 being embalmed in honey, in melle situm 
 suffccari, Luor. }, 904: to s. Vie sound 
 of the voice, vocem s., Quint. 11, j, 51. 
 2, strangiilo, i : the heat and smoke 
 s.s one, vapor et funius ,s., Plin. }}, 4, 
 21 : the su'ellinc of the jaws s.s the voice. 
 fauces tumentes s. vocem, Quint. 11, j, 
 20. 3. viporo, 1 (to s. v-ith fumes) : 
 Plin. 29, 4, }o. 4. obstruere spiritum 
 oris, Virg. G. 4, jco. Ph r.: a s.ing hot 
 place, locus torridns et vapore plemis, 
 Liv. 5, 48. II. Fig.: to suppress, 
 
 destroy : 1. abiileo, evi (ui), itum, 2 : 
 to s. the voice of the K. people and the 
 conscience of mankind, vocem P. R. et 
 conscientiam humani generis ab., Tac. 
 Agr. 2. 2. opprimo, pressi, pressum, 
 ; : to s. genius and its pursuits, ingenia 
 et studia opp., ib. j. 3. exstinguo, 
 nxi, nctura, j : they say that truth is too 
 often obscured never vholly s.d, veri- 
 tatem latmrare nimis saepe aiiinl exstin- 
 gui nunquani, Liv. 22, {9. Join: ex- 
 stinguiTo ct oppriniere, Cic. Rose. Am. 
 I J, j6. I' h r. : to s. the pursuit of elo- 
 quence, in silentium agere studia fori, 
 Tac. Agr. jg : to s. one's feelings, se re- 
 primere, Ter. Hf-c. 5. 1, 58: to s. free 
 inquiry, perh. * coercere libertatem 
 philosophiae. 
 
 StiflinS (subs:) .- |. a choking : 
 
 V. CHOKING, SUFFOCATION. ||. Fig.: 
 
 V. EXTINCTION, REPRESSION. 
 
 stigma : 1. stigma (prop, the 
 
 branding of a slave), iitis, n. : to fix an 
 indelible s. on any mw, perpetua stig- ! 
 mala alicui imponere, Suei. Caes. 7J. 
 2. Ii6ta : o disgraceful s. upon 
 iho.^e times, turpis n. illorum tempor- i 
 um, Cic. Off. }, 18, 74 : to brand any 
 one v-ith a s., alicui inurere notam, id. I 
 
 Sull. n: v. STAIN, DISGRACE. 
 
 stigmatize : 1. describe, psi, ! 
 
 plum, J : to .«. a man as a thief and cu- I 
 snssin, d. aliciuem latnmem ac sicarium, ! 
 Cic Mil. 18, 47: cum contumelia de- 
 
 I scribere aliquem, id. PhiL 2, 44, iij. 
 
 2. accu.sO, l: to t. Vie idleness of 
 the young men, ace. inertiam adulescen- 
 tlum, id. de Or. 1, 58, 246 3. n6to, i 
 (prop, of the Censor's mark) : to s. the 
 actimi not the man, rem iion hominem 
 n.. id. Mil. 11, ji : ignomlnia notare. id. 
 Phil. 7, 8, 2; : a passion that deseii-es to 
 be Sjd, amor dignus notari, Uor. S. i. 
 
 Stile: perh. ecalae bumiles: *scaUie 
 quae per aggerem femnt. A turns., 
 *st'ptum versaiile. 
 
 Stiletto : slca : puglo : v. dagge& 
 
 Still (subs.): perh. *oflBcina hordei 
 fermeiito corrumpendi. 
 
 still (adj.) : Without motion or dit- 
 lurbance: 1. (mmotus: Ov. F. 4, 
 50; : a s. calm day, serenus et immotus 
 dies, Tac H. i, 86. 2. qulStus: the 
 s. air, aer q., Virg. Aen. 5, 216. 3. 
 silens, ntis : a s. night, s. nox. Ov. M. 4I 
 84. 4. tranquillus: a sea naturally 
 «.,mare naturasua i.,Cic. Cluent.49, ij8. 
 5. pacatus : a s. sea, mare p., Hor. 
 Od. 4, 5, 19: V. calm, qciet. Phr.: 
 the sea is s., silet aequor, Virg. E. 9, 57 : 
 everything is s. around, silent late loca, 
 id. Aen. 9, 190 : the waves are »., qui- 
 erunt aequora. ib. 7, 6: when the vavet 
 grew s., sedatls fluctibus, Cic Inv. 2, ;i, 
 154: all is s. and quiet, otinm et silen- 
 tium est, Ter. Hec. prol. 2,4}: the u-inds 
 greir s., venti posuere, Virg. Aen. 7, 27. 
 
 still ("•) • 1. s?do, I : to s. a tii- 
 mult, s. tnmultum. Caes. B. C. j, 18 : 
 the tempest is s.'d, tempestas sedatnr, 
 Cic. Verr. i, 18, 46. 2. placo, i : to 
 s. the waves, ae<]Uora pi., Ov. .M. 11, 4}2. 
 
 3. sereno. 1 : to s. a tempest, tem- 
 pestatem s., Virg. Aen. i, 255. 4, 
 in IranqulUum transferre (sc. sedi- 
 tionem), PI. Amph. i, 2, 16 : v. allat, 
 
 PACIFY, QUIET. 
 
 still (adv.) : I. Aevertfieless : nl- 
 hllomiiius, attamen. venunlimen, ,«M 
 tamen: v. nevebthei:f.i«. ||. Be- 
 
 sides: 1. etiam: / hai^ one request 
 s. to make to you, unum etiam vos oro. 
 Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 4 : but there is s. some- 
 thing tliat I should wish you to be in- 
 formed about, sed etiam est vos quod 
 monltos voluerim, PI. Capt. prol. 55. 
 2. adhuc: [ will add one i-iicum- 
 stance s., unani rem adhuc adjiciani. Sen. 
 Q.N. 4, 8. 3. amplius,insuper, prae- 
 t^rea : v. besides. |||. Joined icith 
 comparatives: 1. £tiam : s. greater 
 differences, majores etiam varietates, 
 Cic. Off. I, }o. 107 : is there anything 
 more s.f an quid est etiam anipliusf 
 Ter. Ad. j, 4. 22. 2. adhuc (rare In 
 this sense) : this emiiafsy is s. milder in 
 expression, haee legatio adhuc lenlor 
 est, Liv. 21, 18: cf Tac. G. iq. 3. 
 jam : to speak at s. greater length, jam 
 plura dicere, Cic. Manil. 9, 24. 4. 
 niagis : s. more sneet, magis est dulciuii, 
 PI. Stich. 5, 4, 22. I'hr. : nature hat 
 given man still more in that she hat 
 assigned him reason also, natura dedit 
 homini hoc amplius quod oddidit ra- 
 tionem, Cic. N. 1 '. 2, 12, J4 : this concerns 
 me, and you much more s., illud ad me 
 ac niulto etiam magis ad vos, id. de Or. 
 2, t2, IJ9 : as. Umger distance off, lon- 
 gius etiam, id. Fam. 4, 1 : you are 60 
 years old or s. niore than that, annos 
 LX. natus es aut plus eo. Ter. Heaut. i, 
 I, II: hmo much longer .<.."' qiianidia 
 etiam? Cic. Cat 1, i. |V. Alicays; 
 semper, usque, in aetemum, aetemum 
 (poet.): V. ALWAYS, Kv KB. V. t^P to 
 this or that time : 1. ftlani : while 
 he was s. in l»d, quum lst«> etiam cn» 
 baret, Cic. Verr. ?. 2?, 56: s. trembling, 
 etiam tremens. Virg. G. ;. 189. 2. 
 ftiam-num and (more freq.) etlom-nunc 
 (both (f present and past tiwe^ : / am s. 
 Sfieak-ing of the suijeit matter of an 
 oration, de materia loquor oratjonis 
 etiam nunc Cic Or. 14, 119: cf. PI. 
 Merc. 4. ;, 14: you said that there vom 
 s. something in your way, dixisll paulu- 
 lum tibi etiam nunc morae esse, Cic. 
 Cat I, 4, 9. 3, 5«lhuc : he found 
 him s. in a state of dmibt, consecutna 
 est adhuc fiuctuantem animo, Liv. jj, 
 197
 
 STILLNESS 
 
 STINKING 
 
 STI K 
 
 49. P h r. . Sarmentus' mistress s. lives, 
 Sarmenti domina exstat, Hor. S. i, 5, 5s : 
 it s. remains for m^ to tell, nunc mihi 
 superest diceie, Ov. F. j, 6';5 : there 
 v:ere tiro days s. left, biduum supererat, 
 Caes. B. (t. i, 25 ; t)iat reputation has 
 no charms for me, s. less if it be false, 
 uon ista me fania delectat, falsa prae- 
 sertim, Cic. Am. 4, 15: v. especially. 
 
 stillness : 1. silentium : s. and 
 desolation reigned supreme, vastum ubi- 
 que 8., Tac. Agr j8: in the s. of night, 
 noctis silentio, Liv. 5, 52. 2. quies, 
 etis,/. ; s. of the sea, pelagi q., Stat. 2, 2, 
 26. 3. nialacia (of the sea) : Join: 
 m. et tranquillilas, Caes. B. G. 3, 15 ; v. 
 
 CALM. 
 
 stilly (a#) •' V. STILL. 
 
 stilted: Plir. : s. language, perh. 
 verba sesqnipedalia, Hor. A. P. 91 : v. 
 
 STIFF, MAGNILOQUENT. 
 
 stilts : grallae, arum : Varr. in Non. 
 115, 21. (me uho walks upon s., 
 grallator, oris, m. : ib. : cf. PI. Poen. }, 
 
 I, 27 (others here read clavatorem); the 
 step taken by one on s., gradus gralla- 
 torius, Pseud.-Pl. 
 
 Stimulaut: 1. irrltamentum ; 
 
 s.s to the appetite, iiTit. gulae. Sail. J. 89. 
 2. stimiilus . «.s to industry, St. 
 industriae, Cic. Coel. 5, I2: these things 
 supplied the young man ii-ith s.s to his 
 ambition, baec stinmlos addidere juveni, 
 Tac. Agr. 5. 3. calcar, aris, n. : glory 
 is a great s., immensum gloria c. habet, 
 Ov. Pont. 4, 2, }b : v. spur, incentive. 
 
 stimulate ; 1. stlmulo, i : the 
 glory of his ancesUrrs s.d his courage, 
 avita gloria animum stimulabat, Liv. i, 
 22. 2. excito. I : to s. one to labour, 
 aliquera ad laboreni exc, Cic. Plane. 24, 
 59. Join; stimulari atque e.xcitari, 
 ib. 28, 69. 3. irrito, i : to s. the spirit, 
 animos irr., Hor. A. I'. 180. 4, 'n- 
 cendo, di, nsum, } : / am s.d, not only 
 by t)ie desire of, but also by the fame 
 that ivaits on, virtuous actions, incendor 
 non desiderio solum sed etiam fama vir- 
 tutum, Cic. Or. 10, jj. 5. alo, alui, 
 altum and alitum, } ■ honour s.s titejine 
 arts, honor alit artes, id. Tusc. 1,2: v. 
 
 PROJIOTE, ENCOURAGE. 
 
 stimulus: v. stimulant. 
 
 sting (Subs.): I. The s. of an 
 animal: 1, aouleus: a bee's s., apis 
 ac, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52. 2. spIctUum : 
 fastening on the veins (bees) leave their 
 S.S behind tliem hidden in the wound, sp. 
 caeca relinquuut adfixae venis, Virg. G. 
 
 4, 2J7. 3. &cunien, iuis, n. ; the s. of 
 the scorpion, scorpii ac, Cic. Aral. 68?. 
 
 II, The iiound inflicted bi/ the s. : 
 
 1, ictus, us, m. ; by which food 
 wasps make their s.s mortal, quo alimen- 
 to vespae niortiferos ictus faciunt. Plin. 
 
 II, 5 J, 116: the scorpion's tail is ever 
 ready for a s., scorpionis semper cauda 
 in ictu est, id. 11, 25, jo: a puncture 
 made by a s., aciileatus ictus, id. 20, 21, 
 84. 2. morsus, us, m. .- Virg. G. 4, 
 2}7. (Though others explain morsus 
 here to be the bite of the bee.) 3. 
 vulnus, eris, n. : v wound. |||. The 
 
 5. of plants : spinarum aculei, Plin. 21, 
 15, 55' there is in those leaves a pun- 
 gency from their ss, iis foliis inest 
 aculeata mordacitas, id. 21, 1;, 54: tvilh- 
 out any s., inorsu carens, ib. |V, 
 Meton. r 1. aculeus : the s.s of 
 sarcasm, ac. ocntuiiipliarum, Cic. Or. 2, 
 55, 222 . his nit has a .V. '" it, cum ali- 
 quo ac. tacetus est, id. Brut. 47, 17}. 
 
 2. vgnetuim cf. Hor. S. i, 7, i. 
 
 3 mo' sus. lis, m. ; the s. of sorroir, 
 m. doloris, Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 15. 4. acu- 
 men, inis, II. : thc'i prick themselves nith 
 their onn s s, se con piingunt suis ac, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, !;, 158. 5. vulniis, 
 Sris, n. : this is the s. of our soitoh', hoc 
 nostrum vulnus, Tac. Agr. 45. Phr. : 
 the S.S of conscience, angor conscientiae, 
 Cic. Leg. I, 14, 40. to feel some s.s of 
 conscience, morderi conscientia, id. Tusc. 
 4. 2o- 45- 
 
 sting ("•)•• I. Lit.: To pierce 
 
 vitli a s. : 1, pungo, pupiigi, punc- 
 
 tum, ? . to s. the frame, p. corpus, Lucr, 
 
 2i 460. 2. compungo, nxi, nctum, i : 
 
 793 
 
 to s. with a nettle, aculeis urticae c. Col. 
 8, 14, 8. 3. moideo, niSmordi, mor- 
 suni, 2 : a nettle with leaves that do not 
 s.. urtica foliis mm mordentibus, Pliii. 22, 
 14, 16 : to s. the tongue, linguain m., id. 
 29, 2, 9. 4. uro, ussi, ustum, j : to be 
 stung with rods, virgis uri, Hor. S. 2, 7, 
 58. 5. fSrio, 4: to be stung by a 
 
 sirpent, feriri a serpente, Plin. 29, 4, 22. 
 Phr.: a s.ing nettle, urtica mordax,Ov. 
 A A. 2, 417. II. Fig.: To rex, pro- 
 voke : 1. pungo, } : that letter has so 
 stung me that it has deprived me of 
 sleep, epistola ilia ita me pupugit, ut 
 soranum ademeri t, Cic. Att. 2, 1 6. .T o i n : 
 stimulare ac pungere, id. Rose. Am. 2. 
 2. mordfO, 2 : your letters stung me 
 very much, valde me momorderunt 
 epistolae tuae, id. Att. i j, 12. 3. ex- 
 crucio, I : Wits iS " hat s.s me, haec sunt 
 quae me excr., PI. Trin. 2, 2, 9 : bad m«n 
 are stung by tlwir conscience, animi con- 
 scientia improbi excruciantur, Cic. Fin. 
 2, 16, ?{. 
 
 Stingily : 1. pares, parcius : to 
 live s., p. victitare, PI. True. 2, j, 26. 
 2, illiberallter : to estimate the 
 value of a thing very s., valde ill. aesti- 
 mare aliquid, Cic. Att. 4, 2. 3. sor- 
 did? : Cic. de Or. 2, 86, J52 to conduct 
 a proconsulship s., sord. gerere procon- 
 sulatum, Plin. Ep. j, 9. 4. nialigne : 
 the land ivas s. apportioned among the 
 plebs, ager m. plebi divisus, Liv. 3, 12 : 
 to deal s. with a man, malignius agere 
 cum aliquo, Plin. Ep. 44: v. meanlt, 
 
 SOBDIDLT. 
 
 stinginess: 1. sordes, is, /.: 
 
 oppos. to profusae epulae, Cic. Mur. j6, 
 76 : to taunt a man with s., sordes obji- 
 cere alicui, Hor. S. i, 6, 68. 2. i'li- 
 bgralitas, talis, /. (rare in this sense) : 
 so that there should be no suspicion of s. 
 or avarice, ita ut illib. et avaritiae absit 
 suspicio, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64. 3. nimia 
 parsinionia • cf. Ter. Heaut. j, i, j2. 
 
 4, tenacitas, tatis, /. ; Liv. J4, 7 : 
 
 V. MEANNESS. 
 
 stinging (adj-) ; 1. mordax, acis : 
 
 a s. lampoon, m. carmen, Ov. Tr. 2, ;6?. 
 
 2. mordens, ntis : a s. jest, m. jocus, 
 
 Juv. 9, 10. 3. ficuleatus: a s. letter, 
 
 literae acul., Cic. Att. 14, II : v. sting. 
 
 stingy : 1. sordidus : so s. as 
 
 never to dress better than a slave, ita s. 
 ut se non unquam melius servo vestiret, 
 Hor. S. I, I, 96. 2. tenax, acis : H. 
 Js his father s.f Tenaxne pater ejus 
 est? Phi. Immo edepol pertinax (reri/ 
 s.), PI. Capt. 2, 2, J9. 3. parous 
 
 (more usual in good sense : frugal) : s. 
 in moneit, pecuniae p. et tenax. Suet. 
 Tib. 46. 4. illiberalis, e (rare in this 
 sense): a s. advance (of money), illib. 
 adjectio, Liv. j8, 14 : v. illiberal. 
 
 stink (subs.) : 1. foetor, oris, m. : 
 Cic. Pis. 10, 22. 2. oJ'T and 6dos, 
 oris, m. : Sail. J. 45 : nhere the s. of 
 mud is offensive, ubi odor coeni gravis, 
 Virg G. 4, 49 : afoul s., teter odur, Caes. 
 B. C. J, 49. 3, olor, oris, m. (a coarse 
 word): Varr. LL. 6, 8, 8j. 4. graveo- 
 lentia: Plin. 22, 22, 4J ■ v. smell. 
 
 stink ("•)•• 1. n'ale oleo, ui, 2: 
 PI. Most. I, }, 120 to s. of wine, vina 
 olt-re, Hor. Ep. i, 19, 5 : pools s.ing of 
 sulphur, olenlia sulphure stagna, Ov. M. 
 5, 405 : the man nhose breath s.s, is cui 
 OS oleat, Ulp. Dig. 21, i, I2: cf. Virg. G. 
 2. IJ4- 2. foeteo, 2: PI. Asin. 5, 2, 
 44 : your uords s. in my nostrils, f. tuus 
 mihi sermo, PI. Casin. ;, 6, 15. 3. 
 6b61eo, ui, 2 (to s. of): you s. of garlic, 
 oboluisti allium, id. Most. I, i, }8 : v. 
 to smell. 
 
 stinking {subs.) : gra vitas, talis, /. : 
 s. of the breath, gr. halitus, Plin. ;o, 6, 
 15 : animae gr., id. 20, 9, j; : v. stink. 
 
 Stinking (adj.): 1. foetidus: .i. 
 fish, pisces ?., PI. Capt. 4, 2, ?? ; s. breath, 
 f. OS, Cic, Pis. 6, I?. 2. Olidus: s. she- 
 goat, ol. capra Hor. Ep. i, 5, 29. 3. 
 gravedlens, ntis: s. Avemus, gr. Aver- 
 nus, Virg. Aen. 6, 201. 4. Olens, ntis: 
 s. limbs, olcntia membra, id. G. }, 564. 
 
 5. putldiis (s.from decay) ; s. wine, 
 vinuni p., PI. Trln. 2, 4, 125. 6. hir- 
 cosus (a very coarse word) : the s. tribe 
 
 of centurions, hire gens centurionum, 
 Pers. J, 77. 
 
 stint (subs^ : in5pia, paucitas, tatis, 
 /. ; V. .SCARCITY. Morc usu. with nega- 
 tive : ice have no s. of subjects, parentes 
 abunde habemus, Sail. J. ic2 : to have 
 no s. of genius and leisure, ingenio et 
 ctio abundare, Cic. de Or. i, 6, 22 ; v 
 
 LACK. 
 
 stint (■".) : P h r. : to s. a person, all- 
 quem arete colere. Sail. J. 85 : to s. the 
 price of a tiling, pretio parcere. Pi. Capt. 
 prol. }2: to s. the appetite, gulam et 
 ventrem circumscribere. Sen. Ep. 108 : 
 to s. oneself of one's proper food, fraud- 
 are se victu sue, Liv. 2, 10 . fraudare se 
 cibo, Phaedr. 4, 19, 19 : to s. oneself of 
 pleasure, genium defraudare, PI. Aul. 
 4, 19, 4: he doesn't s. himself at all, ni- 
 hil sibi defraudat, Petr. 69 : to s. the ex- 
 penses of a funeral, impensam funeri 
 circumcidere, Phaedr. 4, 19, 25. 
 
 stipend : 1. salarlum (prop. 
 
 nu/ney given to soldiers for salt, herux 
 generally) : a yearly s., s. annuum, 
 Ulp. Dig. 2, 15, 8, $ 2?: to support a 
 man by a s., aliquem salario sustentare. 
 Suet. Tib. 46. 2. merces, edis, /. : 
 the players' s.s, mercedes scenicorum. 
 Suet. Tib. 54. 3. perh. *pecunia quo- 
 tannis accepta. (Stipendium in the 
 sense of pay is exclusively a militaiy 
 
 t. t.) : v. SALARY. 
 
 stipendiary ; 1. mercenarius ? 
 
 clerks are considered mere s.s, mercen- 
 arii scribae existiniantur, Nep. Euro. I. 
 2. stipendiarius (in military lan- 
 guage t. t. for hired troops) : s. cohorts, 
 St. cohortes, Auct. B. Afr. 4? : cf. Liv. 
 8, 8. Phr.: s. magistrates, perh. * qui 
 cum rata mercede jurisdictioni prae- 
 sunt : you are my s., tu in aere meo 
 es, Cic. Fam. i}, 62: v. mercenabt, 
 
 HIRELING. 
 
 stipulate : 1. paciscor, pactus, } 
 dep. : they s.d, the army for licence, the 
 general for personal safety, pacti exer- 
 citus Ucentiam, dux salutem, Tac. Agr. 
 16 : he had s.d for the province for him- 
 self, proviiiciam sibi pactus erat, Cic 
 Sest. 25, 5;. 2. depaciscor, ^,d«p. ; /le 
 s.d for three farms for himself, tria 
 praedia sibi depactus est, id. Rose. Am. 
 J9. I' 5- 3. ferre coiiditiones, id. Phil. 
 
 7, 1, 2. 4. stiptilor, I, dep. : id. Rose. 
 Com. 5, 14: s.for as much as you please, 
 quantumvis stipulare, Juv. 7, 16;. 
 
 Stipulation: 1. stipfllatio, onis, 
 f.: Cic. de Or. 2, 24, lOo: the money it 
 owed according to the s., ea pecunia ex 
 stip. debetur, id. Leg. 2, 21, 5J. 2. 
 conditio, onis, /. ; he gave you the book 
 on the s. that you should undertake to 
 correct it, librum tibi ea conditione dabat 
 si reciperes te correcturum, Cic. Fam. 6, 
 7 : to make a s., ferre conditionem, ib. 
 
 8, 14 : v. CONDITION, COMPACT. 
 
 stir (subs.): motus, tiimultus, turba: 
 
 V. COMMOTION, DISTURBANCE. Phr.: tO 
 
 make a very great s. about a thing, in- 
 genti fama celebrare aliquid, Tac. Agr. 
 J9 : / perceive that there is a s. and 
 hurry, trepidari sentio et cursari, Ter. 
 Hec. }, I, J5 : to make a s., tumultuari, 
 Auct. Her. 4, 15, 21. 
 
 Stir(''.); A. Trans.: |. Lit.: 
 To move : mSvere, conmiovere, de loco 
 movere : v. move. Phr.: the sea is s.'d 
 and agitated by the uinds, ventorum vi 
 agitatur atque turbatur mare, Cic. Clu. 
 42, Ij8: to s. up the fire, ignera suscit- 
 are, Ov. M. 8, 641 : cf. sopitos suscitat 
 ignes (he s.s up). Virg. Aen. 5, 74J : v. 
 POKE ; to s. up with a spoon, tudicula 
 miscere, Plin. J4, 18, 54 : to s. up with a 
 wooden ladle, rutabulo ligneo peragitare, 
 id. 12, 24, 4. II. Fig.: To excite, 
 move : 1, connnoveo, movi, motum, 
 2 : to be exceedingly s.'d by a thing, ve- 
 hementer aliqua re commoveri, Caes. 
 B. G. I, }•}. 2. moveo, movi, mo- 
 tum, 2 : the consul's speech had s.'d 
 the people, moverat plebem oratio con- 
 sulis, Liv. J, 20 : to s. up one to war 
 aliquem ad bellum m., id. }$, 1 1. 3, 
 exagito, I : to s. up the common people, 
 vulgum exag., Sail. J. 7J. 4. misceoi 
 ui, mistum, 1. to s. ujp seditions, sedl
 
 S T I H R I N G 
 
 STOMACH 
 
 STONE-BLIND 
 
 tlones m.. Tac. H. 4, 68. 5. arrigo. 
 eii, eitura, } : Marius had s.'d them vp 
 v-ith his aprtch, fos oralione Marius ar- 
 rextr.ii. Sail. J. 84: v. kxcitk. akohsk. 
 B. Intrans. : niOveri, se niovere : 
 V. »ioVK. I'hr. : he did nut s. a step 
 from his oirn house, pedem non extuUt 
 domo sua, Cic. Att. 6, 8. 
 
 Stirring {adj.): \. Active, busy: 
 sSdulub, navus. impigcr, 6p6r0sus, in- 
 quietus : v. bi'sy, BUSTLtNG. II. £x- 
 citing, full of commotim : a seditious 
 and s. life, se'ditio.sa ;ic tunnultuosa vita. 
 Cic. Inv. I, }, 4 : nerei- has the state of 
 Bnlain been mine s., non alias exercita- 
 tior fuit Britannia, Tac. Agr. ; ; a s. 
 speech. *oratio ad niovf-ndos aninios apta. 
 
 Stirrup ; the earliest word used to 
 designate s. is *scala, ilniugli even this 
 is very late Latinity. *St;ipfs, "stapia, 
 *stapedium, ".siapeda, arc only found in 
 some very late inscriptions, and have no 
 classical authority ; v. Ducange. 
 
 Stitch {subs.): I. A pass of the 
 
 needle : *tracius acus • to uxn-k with a 
 
 fancy s.. aiupingere, Plin. 8, 48, 74. 
 
 II. Melon.: a s. in the side, 
 
 snbiti laterum dolores, Flin. 54, i?, 44. 
 
 Stitch (»•) ■■ 1. J^nf- sui. sutum, J : 
 hives s.'d together irith hoUnn- corks, cor- 
 ticibus suta cavatis alvearla, Virg. U. 4, 
 jj. 2. consuo (rare), } : to s. up a 
 tunic, tunicam cons., Varr. L. L. 9, 4';, 
 
 M7- 
 
 Stiver : used for a coin of very small 
 value: (viUs)as: Hor. S. 1, 1.41. Phr. : 
 not to abate one s., * de sunnna ne mi- 
 niniam quideni partem decedere velle. 
 
 stoat: *Mubtela erminea: Linn. 
 
 stoccado; v. stockade. 
 
 stock {subs.) : I. Main body of a 
 tree : 1, stirps, pis, /. : v. tkcnk. 
 
 2, rare in this sense, caudex, ids, 
 m. : Plin. 16, JO, 5 ?. (Caudex usu. de- 
 notes a mere dry stump or log : as also 
 does stipes.) j|. Fig.: applied to a 
 persoti very dull ami senseless 1. sti- 
 pes, itis, m. : Tor. Heaut. 5, I, 4 2. 
 caude.x: ib. 3. truncus: Cic. N. 1). i, jo, 
 84. III. Origin, limage : 1. stirps : 
 Cie. : Virg.: v. linkage. 2. genus: 
 V. KACE. See also ORicrN, rank, family. 
 IV, Supply : copia : accumulated s., 
 antecoiivecta c, Liv. ;, ij: v. supply, 
 viUANTiTY. IMir. • til hare a goods, of 
 anything, abundare allqua re, Cic. Sen. 
 16, 56 : to have a good s. of everything, 
 omnibus rebus iustructum esse, id. Man. 
 
 8, 20 : V. Kl'RNISHED. V. ^^^V- i^^ 
 
 capital and implements employed in 
 working a business : instrumentum 
 (which however can scarcely include 
 actual nvniey) : to maintain faring with 
 large outlay and large s., arationes 
 magna impensa, magno i. tueri, Cic. 
 Verr. j, 21, 5J: cf. Auct. pro dom. 20, 
 62, i. villae (i. e. implements of hus- 
 bandry): Varr. K. R. i, i}. To include 
 the notion v{ goods in hand, instrumen- 
 tum ac nierces : V.MF-IICIIANDIZE. VI. 
 Cattle : 1, res pecuaria : a leu ge 
 
 amount of s., res p. ampla, Cic. Quint. 
 J, 12 : Scri. R. K. 2. pecus, 6ris, n. : 
 V. CATTLE. (Pecuaria also occurs ate<'/. 
 = s.-farmivg, cattle-breeding.) VII. 
 Capital invested: use pecuniae: s.s of 
 ail kinds are Ion; jncent pretia pecu- 
 niarum coUocataruin onniiuni : cf. Cic. 
 R. Com. 12 ((imim Jacerent pretia prae- 
 dioruin). VIII. The xrooden part of a 
 tool : use lignum. 
 
 stock ('••) •■ I. ^ provide with .• 
 instruo, ? : v. to furnish, provide. 
 II. Esp. to furnish a I arm, etc.. mth 
 all its behmgings, *funduin (arationem) 
 instruniento omiii atque re pecuaria re- 
 plere : to s. a fish-pond, pisi inam Ire- 
 quentare. Col. 8, 16; and Immediately 
 *fter, (piscinas) convectis marinis semi- 
 nibus (spaii-n) replere. So, well-s.'d, 
 frequens . e. g. a forest nill-s.'d u-ith 
 timber, silva trabibus f.. Ov. M. 8, 529. 
 
 stock {adj.): i.e. of the common 
 repertory ; frequently used : the s. ar- 
 guments agoinst philnsopherx, *quae 
 contra philosophos dlsputantibus max- 
 tme in promptu (in aperto) sunt 
 Stock-broker. *nui pecuniarum 
 
 (publlce) collocatarum mercaturam fac- 
 tilat; or perh. as gen. term, argentiiriuij 
 (rnoney-dealer, banker). 
 
 stock-dove : palombes, i-s, c. : Virg. : 
 Hor. 
 
 -Still: immoius. immobilis: v. 
 
 IMMOVABLE. When the cause is emo- 
 tion of some kind, to stand s. may be 
 expr. by stfipere cf. Virg. Aen. i, 49;, 
 stupet ol)tutU(jue haeret defixus in uno. 
 More exactly, * tanquam stipes vel 
 truncus in iisdem vesligiis haerere (cf. 
 Caes. B.C. 4. 2, (iemiani equos eodem 
 remanere vestigio assuefaclunt, to stand 
 perfectly still). 
 
 Stockade: locus (agger) vallo mu- 
 niiMs (cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 21, oppidum 
 Bntannl vocant quum silvas impeditas 
 vallo atque fossa munierunt) : locus 
 acutis sudibus praefixisque munitus (cf. 
 ib. c. 18). 
 
 stocking : tiblale, is, n. (a Hnd of 
 varm covering for the calf of the leg) : 
 to near s.s (or leggings) in uinter, 
 hieme tiblalibus muniri, Suet. Aug. 
 82. 
 
 stocks : I. l^nds : V. STOCK (VIL). 
 II. Fur the fret: lignum: Vulg. 
 Act. xvi. 24. Or use compgdes : v. 
 FKTTKR. III. 'ITie framework on which 
 a ship rests vhile building : perh. fulcl- 
 nienia (navalia). 
 
 stoic: stolcus: used both as adj. 
 and subs. : the S. school, schola s. secta 
 S, : V. SECT, SCHOOL. It IS a doctrine of 
 the .s'..<:, placet Stoicis, Cic. Ac. 2, 4?, IJJ : 
 the founder of the S.s, [inventor etj 
 princeps Stoicorum, ib. c. 42. extr. 
 
 Stoical: I. l" strict sense: v. 
 
 prered. art. ||. Manifesting indif- 
 
 ference to pleasure or pain : durus, fer- 
 reus: cf. Cic. Am. ij, a<i ./in., virtuteni 
 duram et quasi ferream esse volunt. 
 A Iso rigidus (inflexible) : cf. Liv. 59, 40, 
 (Cato) rigidae innocentiae; and horridus : 
 
 Hor. Od. J, 21, 10, non ille te negli- 
 
 get horridus (icitU s. indifl'erence) : to 
 become s., obdurescere (ad aliquid) : Cic. 
 Att. 1. I ?, 2. 
 
 stoically: P^h. dure, duriter: v. 
 RKiORonsLY. Or by circuml., ferrea 
 quadam patientia, etc. Also the adjj. 
 given in preced. art. (IL) may some- 
 times serv«, ace. to L. G. } i4J : cf. 
 Hor. 1. c. 
 
 Stoicism: I. I-''-: Stutca ratio. 
 
 disciplina : Stoicorum doctrina . v. stoic. 
 
 II. Indifference to pleasure or pain : 
 
 *Stoicismusqui appellatur animus qui- 
 
 dam durus, rigidus (ac prope ferreus) : 
 
 v. STOICAL. 
 
 Stoker : *qui igues curat. 
 
 Stole: st5la:Cic.: Hor.: dressedinthe 
 s. (as a matron), stoiritus, Vitr. : Suet. 
 
 Stolen {part, and adj.): furtivus: 
 s. wool, f. laiia, Hor. Ep. I, i J, 14: .■!. co- 
 lours (of the jackdaw in the fable), f. 
 colores, ib. j, 20. See also secret, fdu- 
 TivE. Phr.: s. goods, furta ( = res 
 furtiv.ie), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, 171: al-o 
 praeda : a hiding-place for s. goods, 
 recejitaculum praedae, ib. ;, 2?. 
 
 stolid: 1. sldUdus (dull, obtuse) : 
 Ter. ; Hor. : brutus (dull, ii-rational : 
 rare). Join: brutus atque hebes, Sen. 
 Ben. J, 37, J. 2. hebes ; v. dull, in- 
 
 .SESSIBLE. 
 
 stolidity: staiTdltas: v. sTupinm-. 
 I'evh. more exactly, animus siolidus 
 (brutus) atque hebes : v. stolid. 
 
 stolidly : stolide : V. .STUi'iDLT. 
 
 Stomach (s"b«.) . |. l-it.; 1, 
 st6machus (originally, the oesofJtagus or 
 gullet: also, the stomacli pioper: in the 
 anatomical description of Cels. 4, i. 
 stomachus Is defined as the passage 
 [iter] leading to the stomach fventri- 
 culusj- so Cic. N. 1). 2, 54. «H but in 
 the ordinary phraseology of Cels. sto- 
 machus is used where we should say 
 stomach): a weak s., infimius s., Cels. 
 I, 8. to sufer in the s. (from indiges- 
 tion), stomacho laborare, ib. • things 
 goiKl or bad for the s., stomacho apta. 
 aliena, id. 2, "24 and 25: to suit the s., 
 stomacho convenire. ib. 25: a clamorous 
 s., latrans s.. Hor. 2. ventrici'ilus 
 (not venter; which denotes the whole 
 
 lower part of the body) : Gels 8, i (v. 
 supr.) : Plin. ||. Fig.: relish : chiefly 
 in phr. to have no t. far, fasiidire . v. 
 TO loathe; also, to relish. |||. At* 
 rogance, presumption : spiritus, lis : 
 esp. in pi. : V. i-besumption, haughti- 
 
 KI--SS. 
 
 Stomach («>•).• concOquo. xi, ctum. j 
 (to digest, hence to put op xvith) : Cic. : 
 Liv. 
 
 -ache ; "stomachi dolores. (Tor" 
 
 mlna, uiii, n. pL, is dysentery.) 
 Stomacher : strOpiiium Cat. 64. 65. 
 stomachic ; * stomacho aptum 
 (mfdicamiutum) : cf. Cels. 2. 24 'quod 
 stomachum firmat, relicit, corroborat, 
 Kr. 
 
 stone (subs) : I. In ordinary 
 
 sense: 1. lapis, Tdis, m. (most gen. 
 term, denoting lither s. a.< a material, 
 or a s.) : s. suitable for grinding pur- 
 poses, 1. molaris. Quint. 2, 19, } : t'arian 
 S. (i. e. marble), Parius 1., V^irg. . to /liny 
 s.s, lapides jaci're, Cic. Caes. Dimin. 
 lapillus (a small .« ) : Ov. Plin. 2. 
 saxum (usu. a large, rough s., a rock) : 
 s.s if enormous neigh t (to let fall from 
 the vails of a tiesieged toum), magni 
 ponderis s., Caes. B. G. 2. 29 : to roll the 
 s.. i.e. of ."Sisyphus (toil in vain), 8. vol- 
 vere,Ter. Kun. 5, 9. 55. Ksp. note phr., 
 saxum quadrat uni, s. squared or heirn 
 into quadrangular blocks, Liv. 10, 2? 
 3. .silex, icis, n. (flint s) : v. flint. 
 4. puniex, icis, hi. (pumices. : also 
 in gen. sense) : Prov. ■ to squeeze 
 blood (lit. nater) from a s., aquam a p. 
 postulare, I'l. 5. scrufius (a small 
 sharps.): Petr. Phr.: madeof s.,iapi- 
 deus, saxeus (v. stone, adj.) : there u<as 
 a shower of sj, de coelo lapidavit, Liv. 
 27, J7 : inibrl lapidavit, id. 4;. 1} de 
 coelo lapidatum est, id. 29, 14 (hut also 
 lapidilius pluit, j;. 9) '" c'-ar (ground) 
 (f s.s, elapidare, f'liiL : to leave no s. un- 
 iui~ned, omnia experiri, Ter. Andr. 2, Ii 
 11: cf. Plin. Kp. I, 20, 1;, omnia per- 
 tempto, omnia experior, n-aiTo denique 
 \i9ov Kivii : (nihil) ine.xpertum relin- 
 quere. Curt. ;, 6 (nil., .imenmtum lin- 
 quere, Hor. A. P. 28; = to leave no form 
 of composition unattempted) : to draw 
 tears from s.s, lapides Here ac lamentari 
 cogere, Cic. de Or. i, 57, 245 • to kill tu-o 
 birds with one s., perh. de eadem fidiUa 
 duos parietes dealbare (lit. f" vhitenash 
 two walls from the same pail), Curlus in 
 Cic. Kp. 7. 29 : less figuratively, una 
 mercede duas res assequi, Cic. II. Am. 
 29, 80 (R. and A.). ||. A precinns s. : 
 gemma; v. gem. |||. A calculous 
 concretion in animal bixlies : 1. cal- 
 ciilus : to re-move a «., c. extrahire, Cels, 
 7, 26 : to reduce and remove s. (by mtdi- 
 cine), c. comminuere et ejicere, Plin. 20, 
 4, I ? : to cut (for the s.), iiicidere (cal- 
 culi extrahcndi causa), Cels. 1. c. : alicui 
 calculos excidere (to remove by litlio- 
 tomy), Kr. (e Plin.) : to diinde a »., 
 (with the forceps, previous 10 extracting 
 it), c. tindere, Cels. I.e. 2. IftpiUus 
 (gravel: rare in this sense): Plin. Suf- 
 fering from s., calculosus • Plin. |V. 
 'The hard portioti of fruit : 1. nu- 
 cleus ; the S.S of olives, ptachts, cherries, 
 olivarum, persicorum, eerasorum n., 
 Plin. 2. f's. ossis, n. (lit. Ixme) : Suet 
 CI. 8 (olearum ac p.ilniularuni ossa). 
 V. A testiele: testis, is, ni. .• Plin.: 
 Hor. * VI. -^ weight : quatuordecim 
 poudo librae : v. POUND. 
 
 stone (adj.) : 1. liipideus (made 
 of s.) : a s. wall, mums 1., Liv. Plin. 
 2. lapidiirius (having to do niHi *.): 
 V. fTONE-yUARRY. 
 
 Stone (f.) : i- e. to hurl s.s ni : 1, 
 expr. bv phrr. : lapides in aliquem con- 
 Jicere (It. and A.) to s. to death, ali- 
 quem lapldibiis cooperire, Cic. Off. j, 11, 
 48 . .saxis obruere, C^irt. (Kr.) : lapidl- 
 bus (saxis) conjectis necare. interficere. 
 2, liipldo, I (a usage unknown to 
 the best ace) : they began to slonv him, 
 1. eum coeperunt, Auct. B. Hisp. 21: 
 Flor. . Vulg pass. (N.B.— To be 
 avoided.) 
 
 - — -blind : ita caecns ut nihil nl- 
 terius esse pussit: plane caecus: ocu- 
 199
 
 STONE-CROP 
 
 STOP 
 
 STORM 
 
 lorum sensu plane (omnino) privatus: 
 
 V, BUND. 
 
 stone-crop: a plant, •sedum: Web- 
 ster. 
 
 -cutter : 1. lapicTda, ae, in. : 
 
 Varr. 2. lapidaiius (sc. opifex); 
 
 Dig. 
 
 -fruit : * baccae quibus nucleus 
 
 Inest, quales sunt oliva, palmula, etc. 
 
 -pit ; } 1. lapidicina : 
 
 -quarry : 5 usu. pi. : Cic Div, i, 
 
 I}, 1} (in Chiurum laptdicinis, in a s. in 
 Chios) : Plin. 2. lapldariae latomiae : 
 PL Capt. }, 5, 6;. 
 
 -work : usu. lapis : V. stone. 
 
 stone's- throw ; lapidis jactus (quan- 
 tum Jactus est lapidis, Vulg. Luc. xxii. 
 41) : in quantum spatii lapis manu pro- 
 jici possit. 
 
 Stoniness ; perh. saxea natura : v. 
 
 .STONY. 
 
 stony: I. J-^it.: abounding in s.s: 
 
 1. lapidosus: s. foil, terra 1., Varr. 
 R. R. I, 9: Ov. By anal., s. bread 
 (^gritty), panis 1., Hor. S. I, 5, 91. (Not 
 lapideus, which = made of stone.) 2. 
 saxosus (rocky and rugged) : v. rockt. 
 
 3. scruposus (full of sharp s.s) : a 
 s. path, via s., PI. Capt. i, 2, 78. ||, 
 Fig.: hard and feelingless as stone: 
 saxeus Join: saxeus ferreusque, 
 Plin. Kp. 2, i, •}. (The use of ferreus in 
 this sense is more usu. : of. Cic. Verr. 5, 
 46, 121, quis tam fuit durus et ferreus, 
 qois tam inhumanus .') 
 
 -hearted: v. srour, fin. 
 
 stook; if co7-n, *frumenti manipu- 
 lorum cumulus. 
 
 stool : I. ■A low seat : 1. sca- 
 bellum (strictly, for stepping on to a 
 bed or couch, from scando) : Varr. L. L. 
 5, J5, t68 : Quint. 2. sellula (any small 
 seat): V. SEAT. II. A closes.: sella 
 periusa: Cato R. R. 157 : called also, s. 
 famillarica, Varr. R. R. i, i},med.: and 
 simply, sella, Scrib. |||, Euphemis- 
 tically, evacuation by the boicels : 1. 
 alvus, i,/. : uatery, pale-coloured, black 
 S.S, a. liquida, pallida, nigra, Cels. 2, 6, 
 med. : to promote s.s, alvos elicere, Plin. 
 2. expr. by circuml., quod descendit, 
 quod excemitur; Cels. 2, 4, fxir. Phr. : 
 to go to s., ventrem exonerare, Suet. Vesp. 
 20: corpus ex., Sen Ep. 70, 17: alvum 
 ex., Plin. 10, 44, 61 (de avibus) : ad requi- 
 sita naturae discedere (to go aside for 
 the purpos<C), Spart, Carac. 6 : more 
 coarsely, cacare, Hor. .- Mart. 
 
 stoop ( I'.) •■ I. L i t. : to bend the 
 body downwards : 1, expr. by de- 
 niitto, submitlo, j : to s. in order to go 
 under an archuay, caput ad fornicem 
 demittere, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267 : they 
 entered the doorway s.ing, submifso in- 
 traverunt vertice [or, In prose, capite] 
 postes. Ov. M. 8, 6}8. 2. by in- 
 clino, I : s.ing dounicards he wrote upim 
 the ground, inclinans se deorsum scnbe- 
 bat in lerram, Vulg. Joh. viii. 6 (in- 
 clinare caput or corpus, is simply to in- 
 cline the head or person, in v-ltatever 
 direction) : v. to bend, incline, bow. 
 II. Fig.: to condescend: descendo, 
 mesubmilto: v. to condescend. Expr. 
 not to be willing to s. to anything, by 
 Indignari : ue muM not be univilling to 
 s. to learn. . ., non indignandum est dis- 
 cere, Quint, i, 11, 17. 
 
 stoop (subs.): Phr.: to have a s. 
 about the shoulders, *corpore circa hu- 
 meros curvato esse. 
 
 stooping (adj.): perh. pronus (u'ith 
 head d/in jiwards) : v. Sail. Cat. init. Or, 
 iiiclinatus, curvatus, inflexus ■, v. bent. 
 
 stop (w.) •• A. frans. : |. To 
 cU)Se an aperture by filling or obstruct- 
 ^^ ■ 1. obtiiro, 1 (as with a stopper), 
 to s. one's throat up, gutturem (guttur) 
 0., I'l. Aul. 2, 4, 25 ; to s. one's ears (re- 
 ftise to listen), aures o., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
 J05. Join: obstruere et obturare, Cic. 
 
 2. occliido, si, sum, j (as by a bolt 
 or lock) : V. to shut up. Fig.: to s. 
 one's tongue, o. linguain, PI. 3. ob- 
 sfdeo, obsTdo : v. to block up, onsTRUCT. 
 
 II. Toprevent from going mi : \, 
 slsto. stlti, statum, i to s. the floir of 
 luater m rivers, s. fluviis aquam, Virg. 
 
 Aen. 4, 489 : to s. htrrses, equos s., ib. 12, 
 J55: Liv. ; to s. the JUnv of blood, san- 
 guinem s., Tac. A. 15, 54. 2. teneo, 
 ui, ntum, 2 (61/ holding with the hand) ; 
 to s. a thief, furem t., PI. (Kr.) ; v. to 
 HOLD, DETAIN. So comps. : (1.) retineo, 
 
 2; v. to hold back, HOLD FAST. (2.) 
 
 sustineo, 2 (esp. to pull up a horse) : 
 Caes. B. G. 4, jj (equos incitatos s.): 
 Cic. 3, inhibeo, 2 (to hold in as with 
 reins, not necessarily to s. altogetlier) : 
 V. TO HOLD IN. To s. the flow of blood, 
 sanguinem i., Ov. M. 7, 849. 4. some- 
 times moror, demoror, remoror, tardo, 
 retardo, i (to delay, check the speed 
 of) may serve ; to s. the rapid flow of 
 rivers, rapidos fluminum lapsus morari, 
 Hor, Od. I, 12, 9: s.'d the fight of 
 winged fate, volncris fati tardavit alas, 
 ib. 2, 17, 24 : v. TO DELAY, CHECK. Phr.: 
 to s. (hild) one's breath, animam com- 
 primere, Ter, Ph. 5. 6, 28: to s. any 
 one's tongue (silence him), aUcui lin- 
 guam coniprimere, PI. Am. i, i, 195 : to 
 
 5. a traveller on his vay, viatorem 
 consistere cogere, Caes. B. G. 4, 5 : to s. 
 (catch, intercept), the enemy in his 
 flight, hostes fugientes excipere : v. to 
 
 INTERCEPT (i., 3). Ill, To put as. to: 
 
 comprlmo, rgprimo, compesco, etc. : v. 
 STOP, subs., also to check, restrain. 
 B. Intrans. : |. To come to a 
 standstill, pause : 1. sisto, j : both 
 as V. intr. and with pron. refl. : un- 
 certain where they may be alloived to s., 
 incerti ubi s. detur, Virg. Aen. j, 7 : they 
 s. not in their headlong career lief ore .... 
 non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt, Liv. 
 
 6, 29. Freq. in sepulchral iiiscrr. s. 
 traveller! siste viator ! Esp. in comps. : 
 (1.) coiisisto, stiti, stitum, } : now to go 
 more quickly, now to s., ire modo ociiis 
 inteidum c, Hor. S. i, 9, 9: Caes. B. G. 
 4, 5: Ter. (2.) rgsisto, }: to s. at any 
 one's call, ad verba revocantis r., Ov. M. 
 I, 50J: (the stag) s.'d by the fountain, 
 ad fontem restilit, Phaedr. : to s. (in 
 flight) for the purpose of fighting, pug- 
 nandi causa r., Caes. B. G. 5, 51. (3.) 
 insisto, J : the motions of the stars s., 
 (in contrast to acceleration or retarda- 
 tion), motus stellarum i., Cic. N. D. 2, 
 40, 10} : to s. for a moment (in speak- 
 ing), i. paulum, id. Fin. 5, 25, 75. (4.) 
 subsisto, ; (to pause a little before going 
 on) : v. TO halt, paitse. (5.) desisto, j . 
 v. TO CEASE. 2. ''vith ref. to persons 
 riding or driving : expr. by equum 
 (equos) inhibere, sustinere: v, supr. 
 (A., 11.). II. To stay, remain : 1, 
 maneo, nsi. nsum, 2 : v. remain. Ksp. 
 = to s. the night over, in trarelling : to 
 s. at any one's house, apud aliquem m., 
 Cic. Att. 4, 18: Hor. S. i, s. >7, etc. 
 
 2. commoror, i (to make a slay at 
 any place) : to s. (for some time) at a 
 person's house, apud aliquem i„ Cic. 
 Man. 5, extr.: he s.'d about 2; days in 
 that place, dies circiter xxv. in eo loco 
 commoraius, Caes. B. G. 5, 7. 3. sto, 
 steti, stiitum, i (to stand waiting) : Cic. 
 Pis. 6, 11 (fig.). III. To leave off do- 
 ing anything : deslno, omitto, inter- 
 raiito (to leave off for a time): v. to 
 
 CEASE. 
 
 stop-up; V, TO STOP (A., L), OB- 
 STRUCT, BLOCKADE. 
 
 Stop (subs.) : I. Delay, hindrance : 
 esp. in phr. to put a stop to : 1. com- 
 primo, pressi, ssum, j : to put a s. to 
 sedition, seditionem c, Liv. 2, 2J, med. : 
 Cic. (In Sim. sense, reprinio. to check, 
 as for a time : the diff. between com- 
 primo and reprimo is seen in the loll, 
 passage : banc pestem pauUisper reprxni i, 
 non in perpetuum comprimi posse, Cic. 
 Cat. I, 11, fin.) 2. compesco, ui, ?: 
 he put a s. to a mutiny by a single 
 word, exercitus seditionem uno verbo 
 compescuit, Tac. A. i, 42 : to pttt a s. 
 to uproar, claniorem c, Hor. Od. 2, 20, 
 2j : LucT. (Not so in Cic.) 3. c<5- 
 hibeo, 2 (less strong) ; v. to restrain. 
 4. exstinguo, nxi, nctum, j (a very 
 strong expr. . to put an end to, anni- 
 hilate) : Cic. : v. to destroy. 5. di- 
 iTino, emi, .-niptimi, j (to break off, in- 
 itrrupt): to put, a i. to a battle (before 
 
 it is finished), pugnam, proelium d., 
 Caes. : Liv. ■ so, to put a s. to mutiny, 
 seditionem d.. Front. Str. i, 8, 6. g, 
 omitto, mlsi, missum, j (to leave off 
 doing something ; whereas the precedd. 
 chiefly refer to stopping others) : let ut 
 put a s. to mourning, omittamus lugere, 
 Cic. Br. 67, fin. : Hor. 7. to put a 
 temporary s. to, moram alicui rei facere, 
 moram inferre : v. delay. ||. fause : 
 intermissio, quies, pausa (a word best 
 avoided, though used by Lncr., PL, and 
 revived by Gell., etc.) : or expr. by 
 verb- v. padse, intermission; and to 
 stop (B.). III. Mark of punctuation : 
 interpunctum, interpunctio, distinctio, 
 v. punctuation. IV, In an organ : 
 perh. gpis'Smium (R. and A.); or with 
 reference to the handle pulled, perh. 
 capulus : v. handle. To open all the 
 s.s, omnia sonorum itinera aperire, Bau. 
 (R. and A.). 
 
 stop-cock : perh. epistomium : to 
 turn a s., e. vertere, Varr. R. R. j, 5, 
 ad fin. 
 
 -gap : * quod in tempus modo 
 
 adbibetur. 
 
 stoppage : Phr.: there was a s. in 
 the street, *concurrentibus vehiculis via 
 obstructa erat : s. of the bowels, alvas 
 astricta, suppressa, obstructa, Cels. (Kr.) : 
 there was a s. of the air-passages, * spi- 
 ritus itinera occlusa (praeclusa, at the 
 end), erant : v. to stop, init. 
 
 stopper 7 obiiiramentum, obturacu- 
 
 Stopple 5 lum : V. LID. 
 
 storage: expr. by verb v. to store. 
 
 store (subs.) : copia : v. quantity, 
 SUPPLY, STOCK (IV.). Also, Sometimes, 
 acervns: v. heap, hoard. Phr.: to 
 set great s. by, magni facere, aestimare, 
 etc. : v. TO value. 
 
 store ("•) : 1. condo, didi, ditum, ) : 
 to gather in and s. (house) the produce, 
 fructus percipere, condere, Cic. Sen. 7, 
 24 : to s. in a granary, horreo c, Hor. 
 Od. I, I, 9. Join: condere el reponere 
 [fructus], Cic. N. D. 2, 62, fin. : c. et 
 componere, Hor. Ep. i, i, 12 (fig.). 
 Also less freq. recondo, 3 : Quint. : CoL 
 2, rgpono, posui, itum, j (to put 
 away) : Cic. (v. supr.) : Virg. 3. 
 
 colligo, i : V. TO collect, accdmdlate. 
 4. coacervo, i (to heap together 
 accumulate) : Cic. 
 
 -house : 1. borreum : chiefly 
 
 for preserving grain : v. granary. 
 Also for storing other things, Paul. Dig. 
 J4, 2, i2, ^ 4 (argentum quod in domo 
 vel intra borreum fuit). 2. thesaurus 
 (treasure-house): Plin.: Liv. Of the 
 cells of bees, Virg. G. 4, 229. Esp. fig. : 
 that universal s. memory, L rerum om- 
 nium memoria, Cic. de Or. i, 5, 18. 3. 
 apotheca (s.-room, esp. for wine ; a room 
 devoted to this use in the upper part of 
 the house): Cic: Hor. Also in wider 
 sense : Cic. Ph. 2, 26, 67 : Hor. 4. 
 cella (a s. room for keeping provisi^ms, 
 oil, xcine, etc.) .• v. labdek, i'antry. 
 (Receptaculum = receinng-h(mse : Cic. 
 Verr. 5, ij, r. praedae.) 
 
 — - -keeper: 1. in a domestic 
 establishment, cellarius, promus ; v. 
 
 STEWARD, BUTLER. 2. holTeariuS 
 
 (superintendent of a granary, store- 
 house, or magazine) : Lab. Dig. 19. 2, 60, 
 § 9- 3. by circuml. qui rem frun)ent- 
 ariam custodit ac dispensat: qui com- 
 meatuum dispensandorum curani habet, 
 etc. 
 -room ! cella, apotheca : v, e.. 
 
 HOUSE (3, 4). 
 
 storey : 1. tabillatum • a tower 
 of four s.s, quatuor t. turris, Caes. B. G. 
 6, 29 : Virg. 2. tabfllatio ■ Vitr. 
 
 stork : clconia : Cic. : Plin. 
 
 storm: I. of the elements : also 
 by anal, of any violent commotion or 
 outbreak: 1. tempestas (gen. term); 
 he encountered so terrible a storm as. ., 
 (eum) adeo atrox adorta tempestas est 
 , . ., Liv. 21, 58 : a violent thundersttmn 
 suddenly burst forth, subito (est) coorta 
 t. cum magno frigore tonitribusciue, id. 
 I, 16 : Cic: V. TEMPE.ST. Fig s. of 
 unpcpidarity, t. inviiiiae. Cic. Cat. t. 9, 
 11: a s. of complaints, t. querelarum,
 
 STORM 
 
 STRAfGHTWAT 
 
 STH A NO E 
 
 Id Pis. j6, 89. Join- tempesutes et 
 prucellae [rerum], id. Mil. 2, 5. 2. 
 prCcella (0/ a sudden and violent kind) : 
 
 V sgnALL. Also used tig., esp. In pi. : 
 ts of sedition, seditionum procellae, 
 Liv. 28. 25 Cic. 3. biems, ginis, / 
 (poet.) tjoisterous s. on the deep, a.spera 
 b. ponti. Virg. Aen. 2, no Hor. Fig. 
 t. of liar, li. rerum, Claud. I'h r. a s. 
 ofraiii, imtxT (ma.\irau8, densissimus) 
 and more expressively, nimlxirum vis 
 effusa, .Sen. N y. 6, i, 6(v r.vin): ss of 
 thunder and rain suddenly break forth, 
 imbres et tonitrua derepente exsistere, 
 GelL 10, 12. II Assault of a fortifed 
 place: esp. in pbr to take by $.: expug- 
 no, I . more fully, per vim ex., Caes. 
 B C. {, 55 armi-s ex., Sail. Jug. 2J : 
 also, vi capere, Liv 10, 9 : v to ATfACK, 
 
 BESJF.RK. 
 
 storm ("•)•' I. To attack a fiiHiJied 
 place, and usu. to capture it : oppugno, 
 I (to assault, with or without effect) : 
 expugno, I vi capio, } : v. preced. art. 
 (11.). See also to attack, bf.siege. 
 II, To rage violently: saevio, de- 
 saevio, 4 (cf. Hor. Kp. I, ?. 14, traglca 
 desaevit et ampullatur in arte, ss and 
 mouths .. .): also perh. delltigare (cf. id. 
 A. P. 94, iratusque Chremes lumido deli- 
 tigat ore) : v to rack. To s. at any 
 one, aliquem vehementer iiisectari, Cic. 
 Am. 16, 57 maledlctis insectari, id. Fin. 
 2, 25. 80. 
 
 Stonner : expugnator Cic. : Plin. 
 
 Stormily ; chiefly in flg. sense, tur- 
 biilente and -ter, turbide, liimuUuose : 
 
 V BioToiTsi.Y, turbulentlv. Hibernum 
 occurs in tbis sense, PL Rud. prol. 69. 
 
 storming (subs.) .- qf a city, ex- 
 pugnatio Caes. Suet. 
 
 party ; •mlUtes ad urbem (op- 
 
 pidum) impetu oppugiiandam delecli : 
 delecti qui urbem aggrediantur, qui ur- 
 bis muros scali? aggrediantur ; qui per 
 ruinas tormentis eflectas urbem aggredi- 
 antur, impetu oppugnent . v. to attack, 
 storm. 
 
 stormy: I. Lit.: 1. turbldus: 
 after so s. a day, ex tarn t. die (opp. 
 serena et tranqulUa lux), Liv. i, 16: 
 encountering s. irenther, nactus t. teni- 
 peslatem, Caes. B. C. 2, 22 ; Lucr. 2. 
 turbiilentus : a vinlent, s. tempest, magna 
 txiae tempesta.s, Cic. Verr. 5, 10, 26 : PI. 
 3. prQcellosus (abounding in swJ- 
 den storms) : a s. spring, ver p., Liv. 40, 
 2, in it.; s. state of the atmosphere, p. 
 status coeli. Col. 9, 4, init. : Ov. 4. 
 tiimultuosus (in this sense, poet.) «. 
 sea, t. mare, Hor. Od. j, i, 26. 5. 
 poet, hibemus : the s. sea, h. mare, Ov. 
 Epod. 15, 8 : Virg. 6. expr. by cir- 
 cuml. : tempestatibus crebrum [coelum] 
 creber procellis [Africusj, Virg. Aen. i, 
 85 the iveaiher was foul and s., coelum 
 crebris imbribus ac tempestatibus foe- 
 dnm, cf. Tac, Agr 12. ||. Fig. 
 uproarious ■ turliulentus. tumultuo.-ius, 
 seditionibus vexatus (agitatus) v Bror- 
 
 OnS, TrKBLLF.NT, BOISTF.ROUS. 
 
 story ; I. j1 tale 1. fabiila 
 
 l^n. term but always carrying with 
 it the notion of fiction)- Cic. Liv : 
 llor V FABLE. TALE. Dimin. fabclla 
 (a short s.) : trilling fictitious s.s. coni- 
 mentl-!ae fabellae, Cic. Div 2, j8, 80. 
 2. narratio, narratiuncula v nar- 
 BATivE. 3. often expr. by res (fact): 
 so to tell one's s. that the narrative may 
 bf credible, rem narrare ita ut vcrisimi- 
 lis narratio sit, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 80. 
 Plir to relate strange s.s, miracula, 
 monstra, portenta narrare, imntiare . 
 
 ▼ MARVEL, WONDKB. ||. Jfistory : 
 
 hi6t<"iria v iiisronv. |||. A false- 
 hood ■ mendiiiium v lik. (y, A 
 dtvuum of a building tabiilatum v. 
 
 ■TOBEY 
 
 teller . I yarrator : nar- 
 rator Cic. A cliarming s., 'in narra- 
 ti,)MibuR vlulcis ||. Liar: mendax 
 
 r UAK. 
 
 stout corpulentus- v. corpulent, 
 FAT Phr to (x'cunie s., corpus facere, 
 Cels. ^ t, fin. : I'haedr (opp. to corpus 
 .mUtere, to lose flesh, grow tlnn). For 
 ^ In fig lense, v bravb, rbsolutb. 
 
 stoat-hearted : qu' firmo pectore 
 
 est, f idens animi, impavidus, intrgpldus, 
 
 etc. ; v. RE-SOLLTE, DARING. 
 
 stoutly: Phr.- to resist s., acriler 
 (with spirit) resistere, Caes. li. G. "j, 62 : 
 fortiter resistere (v bravklt): to deny 
 s., pernegare, Cic. OeL l-j. 6; strength- 
 ened, pemegare alque obdurare, PI. As. 
 
 2, 2, ;6 V FtRMLV, OBSTINATELY. 
 
 stoutness : •'xpr by corpus : v 
 
 STOUT, also CORPULENCE. 
 
 stove : focus, caminiu (nearest 
 terms) v fire-place. 
 
 Stow ■ r6pono, condo, rScondo : v. to 
 store, pi^ce. Also, 6nfro, i (poet.) : 
 Virg. Aen. i, 195 (o. viua cadis). 
 
 Stowage ■ <?8p. in phr. s.'room, 
 * locua ad res reprjnendas, ubi res re- 
 ponantur : v to smw. 
 
 Strabism *strabi?mu8 as med. 1. 1. 
 
 Straddle: varico. I Quint. II, }, 
 125. (Divarico. in Cic Vcrr. 4, 40, 86, 
 is trans. . the pa.ss,, however, will serve: 
 to s. right across the way, cruribus di- 
 varicatis 8uj)er vlani insislcre, stare.) 
 
 Straddling {clj) ■• ^'aricus Ot. 
 A. A. {, J04 : also, varicatus (gressus), 
 Cassiod. ; and divaricatus v. preced. 
 art 
 
 straggle : palor, i (to wander at 
 large) . they s. over the country, vagi 
 per agros palantur. Liv ;, 44 and with- 
 out vagus, id. 27, 47 Tac. Also vSgor, 
 I : and pitss. refl. of .epargo, dispergo, 
 may sometimes serve ■ these latter esp. 
 in p. part, sparsus, dispersus (t.ing) : v. 
 
 TO WANDER, DISPERSE. 
 
 Straggler : t-xpr. hymes. or per/. p. 
 of palor, I (cf. L. G. } 6?8) Liv. (who 
 freq. uses p. part, palatus) ■ Tac. to 
 collect the s.s after difeat. palatos ex fuga 
 contrahere, Liv. 8, 24, med. See also 
 preced. art. fin. 
 
 Straight (a*y.)- 1. rectus: o s. 
 line, r. linea, Caes. B. 6.7,2} • Lucr. ■ 
 opp. curvus, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 44. 2. 
 djrectns a simple and s. passage, iter 
 simplex et d., Cic. N. I). 2, 57, 144 (opp. 
 flexuosum): Ov M. i, 98 (opp. flexus): 
 in o .<:. line, in directo (sc. itinere), Varr. 
 To arrange in a s. line, dirigere (ad per- 
 pendiculum), Caes. B. G. 4, 17; also 
 absol., to arrange ships in a s. line, 
 naves d. (ante portum), Liv. J7, ji. 
 
 straight (adv.): 1. recta: his 
 course was s. for Rome, sibi r. iter esse 
 Roinam, Cic. Verr. 5, 61, extr.: Hor. 
 (Less freq. recta via PI.) 2. recto 
 ilinere they march straight for the 
 Iberus. recto ad Iberum i. contendunt, 
 Caes. B. C. i, 69. (Recto, absol., v late, 
 and not to be imitated.) 
 
 Straighten: 1. corrlgo. rexi, 
 
 ctuni, } : to s. crooked things (prov.), 
 curva c. Plin. Kp. 5, 21,6 Macr. S. 2, 
 4 (where it is used of s.ing a hump- 
 backed person) . Plin. alt. 2. expr. 
 by clrcuml. with rectus, directus, and a 
 verb . to s. a crooked path, semitam tor- 
 tuosam rectam (directam) facere ad 
 rectum cursum redigere. (Erigo, to set 
 up straight, in an erect position.) 
 
 Straightforward (.o^j) ■• 1. 
 
 simplex, fci.s (of persons without du- 
 plicity) : more fully, apertus et simplex, 
 Cic. Jtep. ?. 16 : Liv. : v frank, simple. 
 2. apertus (open, frank, cJ.>idid) : 
 esp. in conjunction with simplex v. 
 supr. 3. directus (not using circtiml., 
 to the point) : a s. question, d. percunc- 
 tatio, Liv 21, 19 a strict and s. old 
 man, tristis ac d. senex, Cic. Coel. 16, 
 j8. Join - (via) aperta et simplex et 
 directa, id. Fin. 1,18, init. 
 
 Straightforward (adv.) : 1. 
 
 recta recto itinere v straight (adv.). 
 2. protiniis (right on ahead : 
 whereas recta means simply in a 
 straight line): to go s., pergere p, Cic. 
 Div I. 24, 49 (rare in this sense). See 
 
 also FORW ABD. 
 
 Straightforwardness simpUcitas, 
 ingCnium simplex aique apertum. etc. : 
 
 V FRANKNtSS, SIMPLICITY, CANIXIUR. 
 
 Straightness . reclitudo Aggen. 
 in Front, p. 46, Goes. 
 Straightway • statim etc • ▼ m- 
 
 HEDIATELT. 
 
 i F 
 
 strain ("•) - A. r r a n s. : |, 
 To stretc/i : contendo, intendo, teodo, ) : 
 V. TO STRETCH. P h r.: to s. every neroe, 
 omnes nervos [aetatis industriaeqae] 
 contendere, Cic. Verr. Act. i. i2, jj ■ so, 
 ner»os intendere, Ter. Knn. 2, j, 20 
 manibus pedibusque obnixe facere om- 
 nia, id. Andr. i, i, i}4 : les> fig., summa 
 ope eniti, .Sail. Cat. init. : li>U> pectore 
 incumbere ad laudem, Cic. Fam. 10, 10- 
 tos. the eyes, oculis quantum maximum 
 potest fieri contendere, cf. Hor. Ep. 1, i, 
 28: *aclem oculorum in aliquam rem 
 summa contentione dirigere. ||. To 
 injure by over-exertion . P b r. to (. 
 the voice, *vociB nimia contentione nti ; 
 vocem nimia virlum contentione fran- 
 gere, debiliiare. |||, To overdo a 
 
 thing chiefly in p. part.: v. strained. 
 IV. To purify by means of a 
 strainer : 1. cOlo, i tos. himey, met 
 c. Col. 1 2, II Plin. Camp. percSlo, i : 
 Cato . Plin. 2. llquo. i : tot. (clarify) 
 wine, vina L, Hor. Od. 1, 11,6: o bag 
 for s.ing wine, saccns quo vinum liqua- 
 tur. Col. Comp. diliquo, i (to ». off, into 
 another vessrC) . Varr. . Cels. : CoL V. 
 7b injure a joint by a suilden urench : 
 Iniorqneo, 2: v. t^) sprain. B. Id- 
 trans. : nitor, ni.xor, or expr. by In- 
 tendo, contendo, wltliproH. re/i. or equiv. 
 obj. : e. g. sese intendere . vires (nervos 
 euos) contendere, etc. ; v supr. (L). 
 Strain : \ /^k, •.. i \. a<* 
 straining:^ ^'^'"■'- \of stretch- 
 iny or exerting : contentio (e. g. vocia, 
 lateris, animi, etc) v. exertion, ef- 
 fort. II. Injury done by over-exer- 
 tion : expr. by verb : v. to arRAor 
 (A., II.). Ill, '/ music or poetry: 
 
 1. mSdus (esp. in pi.) : plaintive 
 S.S, flebiles m., Cic. Tusc. i, 44, 106: Or. 
 
 2, cantus, Os: inspire me with 
 mournful s.s, praecipe lugubres c, Hor. 
 Od. I, 24, J V. 80NG. IV. Style, 
 manner: Phr.. in (Ats *., hnjusmodi, 
 ad hunc modura • v. effect (III.). 
 
 Strained (pan. adj.) : arcessitus, 
 longe petitus v far-fi-tched. 
 
 Strainer: colum Virg. Col. To 
 pass through a «., percolare: v. to 
 STRAIN (A., IV.). 
 
 Straining (subs.) : v. stbaln (subs.). 
 Phr.: there must be no s. after effect, 
 * cavendum est ne quid arce&situm 
 affectatumve adhibeatur. 
 
 Strait (otO) •■ angtistu3,etc.: v. nar- 
 row. 
 
 Strait (««6s.) •• IDiffcidty: L 
 angustiae, arum to be put into great sj 
 (perplexity), in summas a. adduci, Cic 
 t^uint. s : in th-'Se s.s. quum in his a. res 
 esSet, Caes. B. C. I, 54. Also neut. adj. 
 angustum may be used in angustura 
 cogi, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2. 2 Caes. (not, 
 however, as subject of sentence). 2. 
 expr. by baereo, si, sum, 2 ito stick fast, 
 be in s.s) : he is in s.s (can't get on), 
 haeret in salebra, Cic. Fin. 5. 28. 84 and 
 absol., id. Ph. 2, 29, 74. II. A narrow 
 part of the sea: 1. fret urn the 
 .•Sicilian s., (S. of Messina), f. .^itiliense, 
 Cic. N. D. }, 10, 24 . the ss uf Cibraltar, 
 (in Roman phrase), t nosiri maris et 
 Oceani, Sail. Jug. 17. 2. angu.-tiae. 
 arum (any naiToic place on land or sea) : 
 cf. angustiae Hellesponii, Suet. Caes. 6} : 
 and, a. freiorum, Cic. N. 1). 2, 7, 19 
 
 -laced ■ pf rh. tetrjcus cf. Mart 
 
 12, 70, 4 (t. et asper censor udorum) 
 Liv I, 18 :t. et tristis disciplina Sabin- 
 omm). 
 
 -waistcoat ; "=* vlncula. ma- 
 
 nicae, compedes v. fetter. 7b put 
 ami one in a s., constrinsere aliquem. 
 Cic. Ph. 2, }8,97 (R. and A.). 
 
 Straiten : expr by angustiae, and a 
 verb <■. g (aliquem) In angustias ad- 
 ducere, cogere v. strait, subs. (I.). 
 
 straitly : v- closely, k arrow lt, 
 
 PRECISELY. 
 
 Strand (*"'»•)•■ ntus, acta v shore. 
 
 strand ("•)•• e^r- by navem im- 
 
 pingere, in litus ejicere . v. to rus a. 
 
 GROUND. 
 
 Strange (adj.) : |. Pitrngn ■ ex- 
 temiis. f>#regrinu8 v. fobeh.s. |L 
 yot related by family : 1. exiranena 
 801
 
 STRANGE 
 
 STREAK 
 
 STRENGTHEN 
 
 chiefly as subs.: v. stranger. 2. 
 txtrarius (rare and often represented by 
 extruneus, as v. I. : but extrarius ap- 
 pears to be more vague than extraneus, 
 and to denote simply v.'hot is from out- 
 side, not belonging to the house : qui ab 
 extra est non domesticus : cf. Suet. Vesp 
 5, canis extrarius e trivio, a s. dog from 
 the streets, where extraneus would be 
 out of place) v. stranger. |||. Un- 
 acquainted with any ,ubject ; rudis, 
 etc.: V. STRANGER (IV). IV. f"- 
 
 usual, extraordinary : \, mirus, 
 
 mlraWlis ; v wonderful. A s. inci- 
 dent or phenomenon : miraculum Caes. : 
 Liv. 2. insolitus, iimsltatus • v. un- 
 usual. 3. novus {nocel and strik- 
 ing): s. and as it trere diabolical ap- 
 pearance, n. ac velut infernus aspectus, 
 I'ac. Ger. 4J . s. portents, n. nionstra, 
 Hor. Od. I, 2, 6. 
 
 strange, as exclam. : mirabile dictu ! 
 Virg. In conversation, perh. papae 
 (Gr. nanaC) : PI. : Ter. (a general ex- 
 clam. of surprise). 
 
 strangely : i. e. in an extraordinary 
 manner : 1, mirabiliter • he is s. 
 constituted (is a strange persoii'), m. 
 moratus est, Cic. Ati. i, 25 : Nep. 2. 
 expr. by circuml., mirum in modum, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 41 : miris modis, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 758. See also wondekfully, 
 
 REMARKABLY, UNUSUALLY. 
 
 strangeness : 1. insoientia (un- 
 
 tiitialness) : s. of diction, i. orationis, 
 Cic. Br. 82, 284. 2. novitas: v. no- 
 velty. More treq. expr. by ajj. : there 
 vas a s. about his manners, as if he were 
 nut quite himself, *niores ejus inusitati 
 aliquid habebant, taiiquam qui mentis 
 noil bene sanae esset: s. of scene, *nova 
 inusitataque omnia : v. strange. When 
 = distance of manner, frigus Hor. S. 
 2, I, 62 : Sen. 
 
 stranger: I. Lit.: a person 
 
 from another country or neighlxmrhoinl : 
 1, hospes, itis, m. : fern, hospita (Gr. 
 feVos) : to take s.s home, hospit^s de- 
 ducere, Cic. Ac. i, j, 9 : in addressing a 
 foreigner, stranger ! hospes ! id. Br. 46, 
 172 : V. foreigner. 2. peregrinus : 
 V. foreigner. 3. pxtemus, adj. : but 
 used in pi. as subs, (not belonging to the 
 houseiiold) ; hat/ ed of s.s, odium in es- 
 ternos, Cic. N. U. 2, 6j, i;8. ||. (jne 
 not of the family : 1. extraneus 
 (homo); as subs., chiefly in pi.: ss and 
 persons quite unknoivn, extranei ignoti- 
 que, Tac. Agr. 4J : Suet. 2. extra- 
 rius (for syn. v. strange, II.): like pre- 
 ced. strictly adj. : to offer anything to a 
 «., aliquid alicui ferre extrario. Per. I'h. 
 4, I, ij. III. A person quite unknoun : 
 P h r. a perfect s., onmino ignotus : cf. 
 supr.(ll.). IV. Fig.: ignorant of , 
 hospes, peregrinus : and without a figure, 
 rudis, igiiarus, inexpertus: cf. Cic. C. 
 Rab. 10, 28, adeone hospes hujusce urbis, 
 adeoue ignaras disciplinae. . . ? and id. 
 de Or. I, 50, 218, nee peregrinus atque 
 hospes in agendo: see also unac- 
 quainted, ignorant. 
 
 strangle : 1. stranguio, i (to 
 
 suffocate in any way): Coel. in Cic. 
 Fam. 8, 15: with a halter, laqueo s., 
 Tac. A. 6, 25. 2. elide, si, sum, j 
 to s. snakes, angues e., Virg. Aen. 8, 
 289 more precisely, fauces (alicujus) e., 
 Ov. M. 12, 14J. (Ango, in this sense, 
 obsol. or poet. : v. to throttle.) 3. 
 expr. by phr., gulam laqueo frangcre, 
 Sail. Cat. 5 5 : cer vicem frangere, Hor. Od. 
 2, 13, 6: laqueo aliquem interimere, id. 
 8.2, J, iji alicui fauces interprimere, 
 PL Bud. J. 2, 41; laqueo innectere fau- 
 ces, Ov M. 4, i'jS 
 
 strangling : ) strangulatio, 
 
 stranKulation ; ) stranguiatus . 
 Plin. (Or expr. by verb v. To 
 strangle.) 
 
 strangury , 1. strangiiria : Cic. 
 Tusc. 2, 19. /in. : Cato wiitt'en by Cels. 
 (2, 1) asGk. (TTpayyoupta, and translated, 
 difiicultas urinae. 2. dysuria (&v(t- 
 ovpt'a — dysury) ■ Coel. Aur Suf- 
 
 fering from s., stranguriosus Marc. 
 Emp. Suffering from the same, dysuri- 
 &CUS, Firm. Math. 
 8o2 
 
 strap (subs.) : 1. lorum (most 
 
 gen. term): v. thong. 2. amentum 
 (attached to a spear-shaft for throwing 
 the same) : a letter fastened to the s. of a 
 spear, epistoli ad a. deligata, Caes. B. G. 
 5, 48 : for which also, habena : Lucan. 
 
 strap ("■) ■• loris vincio, constringo, 
 coerceo : v. to bi.xd. 
 
 strapping ((tdj.) : v. tall, robust. 
 
 stratagem : i- e. a deeicefor deceiv- 
 ing : esp. icith a view to military ad- 
 vantage : 1. consilium fallax: Liv. 
 22, 16, or by circuml., to have recourse 
 to a s., *ad fallendos hostes consilium in- 
 stituere. (Consilium iniperaiorium 
 [R. and A.] is too wide a term, includ- 
 ing all kinds of strategical movements 
 and plans.) 2. often insidiae, arum : 
 strictly, an ambuscade : but used also 
 in wider sense : cf. Front. Strat. 2, 5, 
 ' De insidiis.' 3. d<51us (craft, wile) ; 
 to seek to gain advantage by s. (,opp. to 
 open valour, virtus), Caes. B. G. 1, ij: 
 cf. Virg. Aen. 2, jgo (dolus an virtus, 
 quis in hoste requirat). 4. furtum 
 (lit. theft ; hence, any stealthy proceed- 
 ing) : it uas an occasion for s not 
 (open) tear, funo non bello opus esse. 
 Curt. 4, li: s.s, furta bellorum. Front. 
 
 (QO- 
 
 Strategic : 1. impgratorius (per- 
 taining to a commander-in-chief) : s. 
 art, ars i.. Quint. 2, 17, J4 (in Cic! N. D 
 J, 6, 15. the true reading is evidently 
 consilium imperatorMm, not imperat- 
 orium: so Nobbe). 2. bellTcus (re- 
 
 lating to a war): v. warlike. Phr.: 
 not a retreat but a s. m/wement, "non 
 fuga, sed ducis prudentis consilium. 
 
 Strategically : * quod ad belli ra- 
 
 tiones attinet. 
 
 strategist : P h r. : an excellent 
 s., *peritus aciei instruendae : artis belli 
 (bellicae, imperatoriae) peritus, etc.: 
 V. general. 
 
 strategy: arg imperatoria : Quint. 2, 
 17. J4- 
 
 Stratification : expr. by *strata, 
 tabiilata, onim : v. stratum. Or by 
 anal, tabulatio. 
 
 stratified : (part, adj.) : v. foil. art. 
 
 stratify : per tabulata (strata) dis- 
 ponere, consternere : v. foil. art. 
 
 stratum : stratum, quod dicunt : 
 hoc est quasi tabulatum quoddam: v. 
 
 LAYER. 
 
 straw (subs.) : I. Stalk of corn, 
 etc., as part of the plant : culmus: v. 
 STALK. II. Stalks of corn, etc., used 
 for litter, etc. : 1. stranientum : cot- 
 tages thatched with s., casae stramento 
 tectae, Caes. B. G. 5, 4} : Varr. 2. 
 poet, siramen, inis, n.: Virg.: Ov, 
 III. Fig. : /or anything valueless: 
 Phr. not to care a s. for anything, 
 aliquid pili, flocci aestimare, facere. v. 
 
 TO VALUE. 
 
 straw (adj.) : 1. stramenticius 
 
 (made of s.) : Auct B. Hisp. 16. 2. 
 stramineus (poet.) : Ov. F. 5, 6ji. Also 
 appy. = thatched with s., id. Am. 2, 9, 
 18. 
 
 straw ("■) •■ stemo, spargo . v. to 
 
 SCATTER, STREW. 
 
 berry; fragum. most freq. in 
 
 pi.: Virg. E. 5, 92: Ov. ■ Plin. S.-tree, 
 arbutus : Hor. Virg. (A. unedo, Linn.) 
 The fruit of this tree, arbutum, Virg. 
 Belonging to this tree, arbuteus : e. g. 
 fetus arbuteus (fruit of s. tree) : Ov. 
 M. I, 104. 
 
 ■ -colour : perh. color stramineus : 
 
 qualis stramentorum est. 
 
 ■ -cutter : falx stramentaria . 
 
 Cato. 
 
 stray (.'»■) •■ en-o, aberro, i v, to 
 
 WANDER. 
 
 stray (.adj.): errans: also errabun- 
 dus, V^irg. E. 6, 58 (errabundi vestigia 
 bovis): V. WANDERING. Phr. afews. 
 cottages, rara casa (or pi.): v. scat- 
 tered. 
 
 Streak (subs.) : linea diversicolor . 
 nota s. macula in longitudinem ducta, 
 taeniae forinani habens. (V^irga is used 
 by Sen. N. Q. i, ) and 10, of certain 
 luminous s s in the sky v. stripe.) 
 
 streak (v.): Phr.: clouds s. the 
 
 sky, *nubeculae extenuatae (longae prae; . 
 tenuesque tanquam taeniae quaedam) 
 coelum variant. 
 
 streaked : virgatus : v. striped. 
 
 streaky: perh. virgatus: V. striped. 
 
 Stream (subs.): \. Lit.: 1, 
 
 flumen, inis, n. (with special ref. to tfU 
 cunent) : a running s., f. vivum, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 719 . (Cocytos) meandering ivith 
 sluggish s., f. languido errans, Hor. Od. 
 2, 14, 17 : down or up the s., secundo fl., 
 adverso fl., Caes. B. G. 7, 5o: v. current. 
 2. fluentum (poet.) : usu. pi. : the 
 hoarse s.s of Cocytus, rauca Cocyti f., 
 Virg. Aen. 6, J27 : Lucr. 3. rivus 
 (a small s.) : v. rivulet. For flixvius. 
 amnis, v. KrvER. ||. Fig.: of other 
 things beside water : iJumen . a golden 
 s. of speech, orationis aureum f., Cic. Ac. 
 2, J8, 119. P h r. : the s. of time, *tem- 
 porum s. saeculorun> cursus (v. course). 
 an uninterrupted s. of people, agmen 
 perpetuum [hominum], Cic. Pis. 22, 51 
 (perh. we might say, tanquam flumen 
 quoddam hominum : or expr. by multi- 
 tudo quae se fluminis instar efi^undit). 
 
 Stream (v.) ■■ expr. by se effundere. 
 effimdi, etc. . v. to pour, and foil. artt. 
 
 streamer : I. ^ pemion flowing 
 ill the wind: *vexilluni leve quod vento 
 agitatur. ||. Electric : perh. virga ; 
 cf Sen. N. Q. I, 9 and 10. 
 
 Streamlet: nvus, nvillus : v. rivu« 
 
 LET. 
 
 street : 1. ^w (any way or road) : 
 V. road. 2. plaliea (with houses) : 
 to live in a certain s., i>i aliqua p. habi- 
 tare, Ter. Andr. 4, 5, i : clear s.s (not 
 stopped up by vehicles, etc.), purae p., 
 Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 71: Ter.: Caes. 3. 
 vicus (strictly, a quarter or district of 
 a nty : also used of certain s.s in Rome) : 
 Wicked S., V. Sceleratus, Liv. i, 48: 
 Ov. 
 
 strength: I. In gen. sense: 
 
 1. vis, vim, vi, pi. vires (most gen. 
 term) : great s. and swiftriess of horses, 
 celeritas et vis equorum, CSc. Div. i, 70, 
 144: but where physical s. is meant, 
 often pi. : the s. ( physical powers) of a 
 youth, a bull, an elephant, vires adoles- 
 ceiilis, t:iuri. elephanti. id. Sen. 9, 27: 
 (but, vis Corporis, bodily s.. Sail. Cat. 
 init.): to gather fresh s., sumere vires, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 18.8;. Phr.: nith all one's 
 s., omnibus viribus : v. might. 2. 
 firmitas (capacity of resistance : whereas 
 vis, vires, denote esp. s. as active) : s. of 
 timber, f. materiae, Caes. B. C. 2, 1 1 : s. 
 of constitution, f. corporis, Cic. Ph. 2, 
 25, 6j : s. (unshaken fminess) of mind, 
 f. animi, Cic. Sext. 44.95. Join: fir- 
 mitas viresque (including all kinds of 
 s. and force), id. Am. ij, 46: fiiTuitas 
 et vigor [vocis], Gell. 2, j. 3. firmi- 
 tfido ( = firmitas) : such was the s. of 
 the icork (a bridge), tanta erat f. pontis, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 17. 4. robur, oris, n. 
 (great s., solidity : usu. fig.) : greatness 
 and s. of a lofty mind, animi excels! 
 magnitudo ac r., Cic. Off. i, ?: to add s. 
 (weight) to a canvass, petitioni r. afferre, 
 id. Plane. 8, 21. 5. nervi, orum (sineuis : 
 by melon. =pojwrs txerted): to put 
 forth all one's s., omnes n. contendere, 
 Cic. VeiT. Act. I, 12: v. nerve (II.). 
 Phr.. to have s., valere . to have more 
 s., very much s., jilus valere, plurimum 
 valere (whether in lit. or fig. sense) ■ to 
 recover health and s., convalescere (v 
 to recover): se confirmare, Cic. Fam. 
 16, i: V. strong, to be. ||, Fig.; 
 of various qualities having an analogy 
 to signification (I.): Phr.: wine of 
 (great) s. vinum ingentium virium, 
 (jels. J, 19 vinum validum, Plin. (v 
 strong): s. of medicine, medicamenti 
 vis, virtus (v. efficacy): as an attribute 
 of style and thought, nervi, Cic. Or. 19, 
 62. Hor. III. In milit. lang, expr. 
 by quantae, tantae copiae • also by nii- 
 merus, multitudo: v. force, number. 
 
 strengthen: I. Trans.: l. 
 firnio, I (to give firmness and solidity 
 to) : to s. the body by food, corpus cibo f.. 
 Liv. 27, I ?, extr. : Cic. . to s. and in- 
 crease any one's resources, opes alicvgua 
 f. atque augere, Cic. Off. 2. 11,40. Am
 
 S T R E N G T H E N E R 
 
 STRETCH 
 
 STRICKEN 
 
 mint, term : to s. a place by fortijica- 
 titms, garrisons, locum niunitioiubus, 
 prae^ldiis f., Caes. : Sail. Comp. con- 
 finno. I (strengthened from siniplv verb): 
 they think the sineus are s.'d thereby, 
 nervos confirmari putaiit, Caes. B. ti. 6, 
 21. (For fiR. sense, v. tocobrohokatr.) 
 2. rObOni. i (implyine rather more 
 than firmo : less freq., and in Cic. only 
 fig.): to s. (lie limhs, artus r., Lncr. 4, 
 loj8: Plin. : fit edacatiim s.s the heart, 
 recti cuUiis pectora r., Hor. Od 4, 4. 54 : 
 Cic .Strenjrtheiiid. corrobdro, I (more 
 freq. than simple verb) : to s. soUiins by 
 constant toil, mllltes a.<siiluo labore c, 
 Suet. (Jalb. 6 : to s. the stomach, sto- 
 machiim c, Plln. 20. 2 J, 99, $ 26?. 
 Join: corrolKjrare et confirmare [in- 
 genia], Cic. Am. 20, 74. 3. stabllio, 4 
 (to render statile or secure) : to s. the 
 laws, leges s., Cic. Leg. I, 2 J, 62. 4. 
 expr. by circuml. ; to s. a conspiracii, 
 ' vires, (opes) conjurationiij augere : to 
 s. a state, *civitatem viribus opibu.sque 
 augere ; clvitatem tirmiorem tutiorem- 
 que contra hostes reddere: v. to [n- 
 CREASK (I.). II. Intrans. : to be- 
 come strong : only in fig. sense : 1. 
 expr. by pass, of verbs under (I.) : e. g. 
 when the character s.s vnth (i. e. along 
 with) years, corrolwratis jam confimia- 
 tisque et ingeniis et aetatibus, Cic. Am. 
 20, 14. 2. f" by ino-ptive verb : e. g. 
 ingr&vesco, j : tlie evil s.s daily, i. in dies 
 malum, id. ad Brut. i. 10, i : cf. ingra- 
 vescens morbus, id. Div. 2, 6. 16. P h r. : 
 our affections s. by intercourse, voluii- 
 tates nostrae consuetudina conglutinan- 
 tur, cl. Cic. Kam, 11, 27, 2; failings 
 which s. with our strength (lit. along 
 with us), vitia quae nobiscum creverunt, 
 Sen. (Quicli.) : Fame s.s by advancing, 
 V. vires acquirit eundo. Virg. Aeii. 4, 
 
 175: V. also TO fNCBEASE (11.), STRONG 
 TO BECOMF. or GROW. 
 
 strengthener : I. One vho or that 
 
 which strengthens : e.\pr. by qui (quae, 
 quod), with Verb (v. to strengthen, I.). 
 II. In medicine: *remedium corpori 
 reficiendo s. recreandis viribus aptum 
 (Georg.) : to be a s., * corpori reficiendo 
 aptum esse (id.) : v. also tonic. 
 
 Strenuous: _l. Energetic, active, 
 vigorous, q. v. : acer, strenuns, im- 
 piger, vghemens. ||. Brave, coura- 
 geous, q. V. : forlis, animosus. 
 
 Strenuously: I. Energetically. ac- 
 tively, vigorously, q. v. : acriter, strenue, 
 impigre, vehfementer. ||. I'ravely, 
 
 courageously, q. v. : fortiter. aniniose. 
 Or e.\"pr, by adj. (v. sttrknuotis). 
 
 strenuousness : I- -ietivity -. 
 
 gnavitas (or nav-), industria: v. ac- 
 Tivrrv (HI.). ||, Earnestness, zeal, 
 
 q. V. : sludium : v. also energy, fire 
 (VI.). Or expr. by a<lj. or adv. (v. 
 
 STRKNUOUS, strenuously). 
 
 stress : I . in mechanics, p-essure : 
 perh. impetus {pressure of a load), Vitr. 
 6, ?, meet. : V. also pressure (1.). Some- 
 times too, vis, pondus, may serve : v. also 
 
 PULI. (Sul)S.), STRAIN {SUbS.), TENSION. 
 
 II. Fig.: (a.) importance : inphr., 
 to lay stress upon: Phr. : not to lay 
 much s. upon a matter, aliquid levi mo- 
 men lo aestimare, Caes. B. (J. 7. jg : tn 
 lay s. upon trifles, nugis addere pondus, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 19, 42 : / shall not lay great 
 s. upon these jioints, (haec) baud in 
 magno discriniine poiiam, Liv. pref. vied. 
 (6.) pressure (of trying circumstances or 
 business). v.rRFS.snRE(II., 1 11."), .strain, 
 TENSION. III. Emphasis, q. v. : vis, 
 pondus. IV. '11 naut. phr., stress of 
 weather- intemperies coeli. based on 
 Liv. 8, 18. init. ; vis tempeslalis, based 
 on Caes. B. C 2, u: staiu> coeli pro- 
 cellosus, b ised on Col. 9. 4. init. : v. also 
 STORM, .--TIPRJIV, WEATllKB (subs.). 
 
 stretch- stretch out or forth ('■■) ■ 
 
 A. I rans. : |. In gen. sign.: 
 L tendo, tetendi, tentum and ten- 
 sum. ? (In most senses) : to s. a lion; 
 t arcum, Virg. Aen. 7. 164 (v. also now, 
 subs.. I. : TO BKNi>, A., I.) • the south 
 winds s. (or suell) the sails, t vela iioii, 
 Virg. Aen. }, 268 (v. also TO distend, 
 SWELL) . to s. out nets, t. retia. Ov. M. 
 
 4, 51 J : cf. t plagas. Oc. Off. J, 17. 68 : 
 Greece s.s out her right hand to Italy 
 (i. e. to render assistance), Graecia i. 
 dextram Itjiliae, id. Phil 10,4,9. •'^P- 
 in sense of s.ing out the hands in sup- 
 plitatitn : t g. maims ad coeliini t.. 
 Cans. B. C. 2, 5 : cf. bnichia ad cxwlum t.. 
 Ov. M. 6. 279 (v. also Smith's Lat. Diet, 
 s. v. tendo. A., 1.). 2. intendo, di, tum 
 and sum, j to s. or relax the sineirs, 
 nervos i. aut remit tere, I'lin. 26. 10, 62, 
 } 96 to s. out the right hand toirards a 
 statue, dextram ad statuam i., Cic. Att. 
 16, 15, ?. 3. coniendo, di, tum, ? 
 
 (stronger than preced. : to tighten 'rhcit 
 
 is already stretched, to strain) : t. (or manlae obtendltiir, Tac. Agr. 10. 
 
 pale.sceiite iiiip-rio, id. J2, 27. fn. : 
 
 v. also T(i FXTKND (B.), TO REACH (A.) 
 TO SPREAD. 
 
 stretch before "^ in front : A. 
 
 Trans.: 1. <ibtendo, di, turn, j: «n 
 
 defence of the hero to t. a mist in front 
 
 (of him), pro viro nebulam o., Virg. Aen. 
 
 ! 10. 82 : a memt/rane is s.'d tiefore (or tn 
 
 front of) the eyes, oculis membrana ob- 
 
 I tendiliir. Plin. 11, n. 55. $ '5!- 2. 
 
 praetendo, dl, tum, ? : s. tlie fumes in 
 
 front (of the hive) with the hand, fumos 
 
 'p.manu,Vlrg.G.4,2}0. B. Intranb.: 
 
 1 1. ol.tendo, di, tum, ?: Britain s.* 
 
 in front of Germany, Brllannla Ger- 
 
 strain) the rhains so as to gripe, c. te- 
 n:icia vincla. Virg. 1!. 4. 412: to s. the 
 sides I'ith laughter, ilia risu c. Ov. A. A. 
 
 praetendo, dl, tum, } : o nation s.ing 
 u-idely in front if our pivMince.?, gens 
 nostris provinciis late praetenta, id. A. 
 
 J, 28?. Join: the mi/re forcibly var- 2, 56 : cf praetenta syrtibus arva, Virg. 
 
 engines are s.'d, quo sunt contenta (tor- 
 menta) atque adducta vehempiUius. Cic. 
 Tusc. 2, 24. 57. Fig.: n-e must concede 
 Something, not tos. every point, remitten- 
 dum est aliquid. no omnia contendanms, 
 id. Verr. 2, 21, 52. 4. produco, xi. ctum, 
 J {to elongate) : to s. skins trith the teeth, 
 pellesdeiitibusp , Mart. 9, 74; cf. ferriim 
 incude p., Jiiv. 15, 16?. 5. extendo, 
 di, turn and sum, j (to stretch out at full 
 length) : u-ith the arm s.'d out, e. brachio, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242 : cf. crura in longi- 
 tudinem e., Plin. 10, 64. 84. ^ '"S- F'B- : 
 to s. o7it a letter, epistolani e., Plin. Kp. 5, 
 
 5: V. also TO HOLD FORTH {.\., I., 3), TO 
 
 EXTEND. 6. protendo,di,sum and turn, 
 5 (tn stretch forth) : to s. forth spears. 
 hastas p., Virg. Aen. li, 606 : to s. forth 
 the arms toirards the sea, brachia In 
 mare p., Ov. M. 14, 191 : .<niails sing 
 forth their horns, cochleae eornua p. 
 (opp. contrahentes), Plin. 9. J2, 5'. i l°i- 
 7. porrigo, rexi, rectum, j (like 
 preced.) : to s. forth (or out) the limbs, 
 membra p. (opp. contrahere), Cic. Div. i , 
 5 J, 120: tos. forth the ai-ms to heaven, 
 brachia coelo p., Ov. M. 1, 767. Also, 
 in voting, to s. forth (or hold up) the 
 hand, p. manum, Cic. Fl. 6, 15 : v. also 
 TO HOLD FORTH (A. 1., 1). 8. Prae- 
 tendo, di, tum, 5 (like preced.) : he s.s 
 forth an olive branch, ramum p. olivae, 
 Virg. Aen. 8, Ii6: cf. eornua p., Plin. ii, 
 ?7, 4;, } 126. 9. distendo, di, lum, j 
 (to stretch out in opposite directions): 
 to s. out the ai-ms, brachia d., Ov. M. 4, 
 
 491 : V. also TO EXTE^D. DISTEND. 10. 
 
 intento, i (to stretch out threateningly) .- 
 Virginius s.s out his hands against 
 Appius, V. in Appium manus !., Liv. j, 
 47, ad fin. : cf. haec (sica) intentata nobis 
 est. Cic. Mil. 14. J7- Phr.: to s. one on 
 the rack, aliquem in equuleo impoiiere, , 
 etc. (v. RACK, subs., I.) seids s. them- 
 selves out on the shoie. sternunt se litwe i 
 phocae, Virg. G. 4, 4?2 : to s. oneself out 
 on the grass, abjicere se in herba, Cic. de j 
 
 Or. I, 7, 28 : V. also TO STRETCH ONESELF, j 
 
 II. To exaggerate : Ph r. to s. facts, | 
 excedere actae rei modum, Plln. : to s. | 
 the truth, egredi veritateni. id. : etc. (v. 
 TO EXAGGERATE. Phr.). |||. To stretch 
 one's authority : v. to tyrannize. 
 
 B. Intrans.: expr. for the most 
 part by pass, or reflect, of verbs under 
 (A., I.): 1, porrigor, rectus, J: Rho- 
 dope, s.ing to the midst of the polar 
 region, (Rhodope) medium porrecUi sub 
 axeni, Virg. G. ?, ?;i : v. to extend 
 (B.. I.). 2. extendo, di, tum and sum, 
 } (in pass.) ; (fre) s.s ovr the plains, 
 extenditur per" camiws, Virg. Aen. 10, 
 407 : cf. id. 6, 42 !. Or wiih reflect, pnm. 
 (v. to extend, B, 2). 3. protendor. 
 tus, } : the nation of the }fardi s.s right 
 up to the Ra/tri. pfotendiiur ad Bactros 
 usque gens Mardorum. Plin. '>. 16, 18. 
 ^ t7. 4, tendo tetendi. teninm and 
 tensum, j (as neutr. or with pnm. reft.) : 
 .\fount Taurus s.i"g uestirard, (mons 
 T.) ad occasnm tendens, Plin. ;. 27, 27, 
 ^ 97 : cf. mollis qua tendit Ionia. I'rop. 1, 
 6, ;i : where the "ziire tract of ocean s.s 
 out, qua se ponti piaga caerula t., Lucr. 
 5, 481 (482). 5. patesco, ni, i the 
 p'.ain s.s out a Uttle wider, panio 
 latior p. campus, Liv. 22, 4, ad init. ; 
 his su-ay s.ing more widely, latius 
 
 Aen. 6, 60. 
 
 forth : ^- TO sfbetch. 
 
 on f" over: ini'udo, di, tnm 
 
 and sum, } : they s. hempen cables on 
 (or over) the neck (of the wooden horse), 
 stuppea vincula collo i., Virg. Aen. 2, 
 
 2!7- 
 
 oneself (= to yan-n) : pandl- 
 
 culor, 1 ( = " t<jt<) corpore oscitantem 
 extendi," Fest.) ; PI. Men. 5, 2, 80. 
 
 one's legs (col loq.): spitior. 
 
 etc. : (v. to walk). 
 
 open or wide : pando, and 
 
 COmpdS. : v. TO SPREAD, EXPAND. 
 out : ^'- TO STRETCH. 
 
 Stretch (««*<«•) • I. •^^<^' • '"• 
 tentio, contentio : v. effort, strain- 
 ing (subs.). II. Extent (cf. " gra-ssy 
 stretches ofland," Blackwood) : spatium, 
 ambitus (v. extent, space, subs.) : trac- 
 ttis (V. REACH, subs.). Phr.: at a s. 
 he would extempm-ize a couple of hun- 
 dred lines at a s., ducentos versus dic- 
 tabat stans pede in uno, Hor. S. I, 4, 10 
 (may also be expr. by, uno tempore, 
 simul : v. ONCE, II.). [For to keep the 
 mind or energies upon thet., y.to tax, 
 to task] 
 
 Stretcher: I. The person who 
 or thing which stretches : expr. by qui 
 (quae, quod), with verb (v. to stretch, 
 A.). II. A plank across a boat, for 
 rowers toput their feet against: perh. 
 transtillum (o little cross-beam. Vitr. 5, 
 12, post init.) may serve: also, *sera 
 transversa (tieorg.). |||, A litter: no 
 precise word : perh. lecliciila, lectica : 
 
 v. BIER, litter (subs.). 
 
 Stretching, stretching onU fbs.): 
 
 1. inteiitio : a s. out uj the body, \. 
 corporis, Cic. Tusc. i, 10, 20: a s. out of 
 tlie sineiis, i. nervorum. Col. 6, 6, "'it. : 
 V. tension. 2. intensio (like prece«l.) : 
 Sen. y. N. 2, 6, 2 : v. tension. 3. por- 
 rectio, prolatio, etc. : v. extensiok. 4. 
 projectio (a throwing forwards) ■■ a s. 
 out of the arm, p. (opp. contractio), Cic. 
 Or. 18. 59. 
 
 Strew (V.) : 1. sttrno, stravi, stra- 
 tum, J : on strewn sand, strata arena, 
 Ov. F. }. 8u: on streim herbs, stratis 
 in herbis. id. M. 7, 254: <^- ^^^^'^ P"""" 
 passim, Virg. K. 7. 54 •■ "" •''<'^ "■?." *■ 
 the shore ivith useless sea-weed, alga litus 
 inuiili temp'stas s., Hor. Od. j, 17. 8: 
 V. also to SCATTER. 2. constemo, 
 stravi, stratum. J (to stre'r over) : caret 
 s 'd over with salt foliage, constrati spe- 
 cus molli fronde. Plin. 8, l6, 54. i '27: 
 cf c. nidum moUibus plumis. Id. 10, }}. 
 49 6 92 (V. also Smith's I Jt Diet. ». v.). 
 Also of the thing strewed legard.-d as the 
 subject: leaves s. the ground, c. terrain 
 froiide.s, Virg. Aen 4, 444 ^ '<"■" A*^ 
 s '</ all the u-ai/s. irumenturo viasomnes 
 c, Cic. Div. i,";2. 69. 3. instemo: v. 
 to CAPARISON. 4. spargo. sparsi spar- 
 sum, ? : s. ye the grouni with leaves, 
 s. humum foiiis, Virg. K. 5.4= 
 
 TO SCATTER, TO SPRINKLE. 
 
 Striated : y- FLtrrED. 
 
 stricken\'i'ore usu .truck [v. 
 STKiKEj; bui occurring i" old Kng 
 the foil, senses) : |. H'o»firf-(i : sau- 
 cius(poet.), vulnCratus. ||. Advanced 
 in age: 1. provi'ctiis: he d'cd s. in 
 age, provecta'aetate moriuus est, based 
 oh Cic. Tusc. I, J9, fin. 2. confectafi 
 8o? 
 
 V. also 
 
 TO 
 
 In
 
 STRICKLE 
 
 STRIKE 
 
 STRIKE 
 
 (worn out) : c. aevo, Virg. Aen. ii, 85 : 
 cf. c. aetate. Sail. J. 9, fin. 
 
 strickle (an instrument used in 
 levelling a measure of com) ; hostorium, 
 Prise, p. 688 P. 
 
 strict : I. Careful : 1. diligens, 
 ntis : most s. in every duty, omnis officii 
 diligentissimns, Cic. Coel. Jo, "j}: as.er 
 obtervance of ancestral custom, diligen- 
 tior ritus pa'trii oustodia, Veil, i, 4, med. 
 2. intentus . to guard one with a 
 s.er watch, intentiore custodia aliquem 
 asservare, Liv. jg, 19, ad init. : v. also 
 
 STAUNCH, PUNCTILIOUS, SCEUPULOUS, PAR- 
 
 TicuLAB(<i(i?., 111.). II. Accurate,q.v. 
 P h r. : at. (or powerful) logician, valeiis 
 dialecticus, Cic. Fat. 6, 1 2 : the s. letter 
 ©/"t/ie tot«, sumtnumjus: e.%., Iwillnot 
 deal ivith you according to s. law, non 
 aeam summo jure tecum, id. Verr. ;, 2, 
 4: s. truth, Veritas ipsa, id. de Or. i, i';, 
 ■37 : the s. meaning of a word, verbi 
 sensus proprius (opp. translatus), Cic. 
 (v. LITERAL) : ff. proprietas (verborum), 
 Quint. 8, 2, init. |||. Absolute, real, 
 q. V. P h r. : to tell a thing in s. confi- 
 denee, aliquid tutis auribus deponere, 
 Hor. Od. I, 27, 18 : a s. duty, perh. offi- 
 cium necessitate quadani delegatum, 
 Quint, (v. imperative). |V. Rigoious, 
 severe : 1. intentus : s. and in thf case 
 of great offences inexorable, i. et raagnis 
 delictis inexorabilis, Tac. A. 11 , 18, extr. .- 
 s. discipline, i. disciplina, id. 1 2, 42, ad 
 .init. 2. durus : the s. oversight of 
 mothers, d. custodia matrum, Hor. Ep. 
 I, 1, 22. 3. rigirtus : a s. censor, r. 
 cens-or, Ov. A. A. 2, 664 : Cato of s. in- 
 tegrilij, (Cato) r. innocentiae, Liv. jg, 40, 
 ad fin. 4. sSverus; the most s. sect 
 (of the Stoics), secta severissinia, Quint. 
 
 1, 10, 15: a particularly s. discipline, 
 disciplina maxime s., id. i, 2, 5 : s. laws, 
 s. leges, Veil, i, 6 (v. severe): very s. 
 orders, imperia severiora, Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 19, 4J : very s. judges, severissimi ju- 
 dices, id. Verr. Act. i, 10, jo. 5. per- 
 severus (.very or over-strict) : a rule not 
 rigorous nor overs., Imperium non re- 
 strictum nee p., Tac. A. 15, 48. 6. 
 strictus (rare) : «. Catos, a. Catones, 
 Manll. 5, 106 : a s. law, s. lex, Stat. S. j, 
 5, 87 : v. also STERN. P h r. : to be a s. 
 disciplinarian (in the army), disci- 
 plinam militarem severe conservare, 
 Liv. (v. disciplinabian) : to exercise s. 
 discipline in the conduct of a war, 
 severo iraperio bellum administrare, id. 
 [v. discipline). [To be s. with, may be 
 expr. by, duritiam, etc. (v. .strictness) 
 adhibere (with ad, in, or dat.) : or by, 
 tractare aliquem dure, etc. (v. strictly). 
 For not s., v. indulgent, mild (III.) ] 
 
 strictly. {.carefully: 1. dilig- 
 enter : to observe an order very s., prae- 
 ceptum diligentissime observare, Caes. 
 B. Gr. 5, 35 : V. also punctiliously, 
 scrupulously. 2. restricte ; all other 
 points I do not so s. determine, cetera 
 non tarn r. praefinio, Cic. Leg 2, 18, 4; : 
 cf. id. Am. 16, 58. Ph r. : to blockade a 
 lumse s. (or uyith strict guards), acribus 
 custodiis sepire domum, Tac. A. i, ;. 
 II. Accurately : q. v. P b r. : to be 
 S. true, habere in se omnes numeros 
 veritatis, Cic. Div. i, i}, 2;. Esp. s. 
 (m= in strict sense), of words: proprie 
 (v. properly, I.). III. Absolutely : 
 
 q. V. Phr. : they took nothing beyond 
 what ivag s. necessary, nihil ultra usum 
 necessarium sumebant, Liv. (Quich.). 
 IV. Rigorously, rigidly : 1, diire 
 (on hard fare) : v. rigorously. 2. 
 diiriter (like preced.) to live stingily 
 and s., parce ac d. se habere, Ter. Ad. i, 
 ••45- 3. ^'^giiie (rigorously) : to tighten 
 more s. military discifjline, disciplinam 
 militarem rigiilius astringere, Val. Max. 
 ), "Jyfin. : cf. uliquid r. submovere, Ov. T, 
 
 2. J5I. 4. severe : to %vrite rather s. 
 to some one, ad aliquem severius siril)ere, 
 Caes. B. C. }, 25 ; v. also SE^ERELY, 
 sternly. 
 
 Strictness: I. Carefulness: di- 
 ITgentia: v. carf.fulness (XL): v. also 
 
 punctuality, PUNCTILIOUSN'ESS. ||. 
 
 Accuracy: q. v. |||, Rigour: 1. 
 
 durilia: your old-fashioned s., tua anti- 
 804 
 
 qua d., Ter. Heaut. j, i, 26 : s. of rule, 
 d. imperii, Tac. H. i, 2j : s. of tlie lau-s, 
 
 d. legum (opp. lenitas). Suet. Claud. 14 : 
 V. severity. 2, rigor, oris, m.; s. of 
 discipline, r. disciplinae, Tac. H. i, 8t, 
 ad fin. : V. also skverity. 3. seve- 
 ritas, atis, /. : without harshness, yet not 
 without s., sine asperitate, nee sine s., 
 Veil. 2, 89 : the censor's s., s. censoria, 
 Cic. CI u. 46, 129. Or expr. by adj. (v. 
 strict) : or by adv. : e. g. tuith the 
 greatest s., diligentissime (v. strictly). 
 
 stricture : I. Asceticism .• (now 
 
 obsol. : cf. " a man of stricture and firm 
 abstinence," Shakesp.) : v. asceticism. 
 II. Censure, blame, q. v. : vitiipe- 
 ratio, reprghensio. |||, In medic, a 
 morbid contraction : striitira : Coel. 
 Aur. ; v. also strangury. 
 
 stride (subs.) .- perh. most exactly 
 expr. by * lentus et procerus passus : 
 *incessus grandis : or by, giadus with a 
 qualifying adj. (v. infr.). Phr.: what 
 great s.s you take, ut tu es gradibus 
 grandibu.s, PI. Epid. i, i, 11: to take 
 huge S.S, ingentes ferre gradus, Ov. A. A. 
 }, 504. [N.B. — Not, pleno gradu incedere 
 (R. and A.), which = to advance at full 
 speed : nor, magnos facere gradus (ib.), 
 since in Cic. deOr. 2, 61, 249, facere gra- 
 dum = to make a step with an effort 
 (of a lame man)]: advancing ivith 
 great s.s, grandia ingrediens, GeU. q, 11, 
 ad med. : cf. grandia incedens, Amm. 
 22, 14, post init. [For fig. sense, to make 
 s.s in (= to advance) : v. to advance, 
 B., II.] : v. also STEP (sicbs.). 
 
 stride ("•) •■ I. '^o '<»*■« ^""9 ^(''ps •• 
 
 v. STRIDE (subs.). II. To stride over : 
 varico : to s. over a rampart, (vallum) 
 v., Varr. L. L. 5, 24, 34 . v. to straddle, 
 
 BESTRIDE. 
 
 strife: I. ^" intellectual contest 
 (a sense now almost obsol. cf " Doting 
 about questions and strifes of words," 
 I Tim. vi. 4) : 1. lis, litis,/, (in plur. 
 in this sense): (of philosophers) to wear 
 out tlieir life in s.s, aetatem in litlbus 
 conterere, Cic. Leg. i, 20, 5;. 2. 
 pugna : what a s. amongst the most 
 learned men, quanta p. est doctissi- 
 morum hominum, id. Div. 2, ;i, 105 : 
 tlie s. of forensic contests, forensium 
 certamimim p.. Quint. ;, 12, extr. : v. 
 
 also CONTROVEKSY, CONTENTION, CONTEST. 
 
 II, An angry dispute, a quarrel : 
 jurgium (v. quarrel, subs.) : rixa (v. 
 BRAWL, fray): discordia (v. discord, 
 II., DISAGREEMENT). Esp. Fig. : of the 
 elements : 1. pugna : the s. of the 
 universe with itself, rerum naturae p. 
 secum, Plin. 2, ;8,'i8, } 102. 2. dis- 
 cordia : tlte s. of the sea, d. ponti, Lucan 
 5, 646 : the s. of primary elements, d. 
 principiorum. Lucr. ;, 441. 3. proe- 
 lium : s.s of winds, ventorum proelia, 
 Virg. G. I, J 18. Phr.: to causes, among, 
 serere causam discordiarum inter (with 
 occ. : V. DISCORD, II.) : injicere certanien 
 (with dat.), Liv. J4, 4, pfjst med. : rixam 
 ciere, Veil. 1,2, med. : to be at s.. certo, i : 
 
 e. g.. so that expediency is at s. with 
 moral rectitude, ut utilitas cum ho- 
 nestate certet, Cic. Part. Or. 25, 89: to 
 allay s., discordias sedare s. componere, 
 Cic. : Tac. (v. to allay) : to cease from 
 s. (may be expr. by) desisto, absisto, de- 
 sino, etc. (v. to desist, cease), with abl. 
 of subs, (with or without prep.) : e. g., 
 desistere de contentione, Nep. Tim. 2 : 
 or by such verbs foil, by inf. of verbs 
 signifying to dispute, contend, quarrel, 
 q. V. 
 
 strifeful: v. contentious, pugna- 
 cious. 
 
 strigil (a scraper, of horn or metal, 
 used by bathers lor scraping the skin) : 
 strigilis, is,/..- v. Smith's Lat. Diet, s, v., 
 and Diet. Ant. p. 192. 
 . strike (v.): A. Trans. : \, To 
 hit forcibly : 1, ffirio, 4 : to s. a wall 
 with baltering-rams, niurum arietibus f., 
 Sail. J. 76 : boxers s. an opponent, pugiles 
 
 f. adversarlum, Cic. Tusc. 2. 2}, 56: the 
 lightmngs the 7nountain-toj}s, f. suni- 
 mos lulgura monies, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 11. 
 Fig.: it happened that I was struck 
 with a similar blow, accidit ut ictu simili 
 
 (i. e., morte propinqui) ferirer. Quint. 6, 
 praef. ^ } : to s. the ear (of sound), 
 aurem f, id. 8, 5, Ij. 2. pereutio, 
 cussi, cussum. j (stronger than preced. . 
 prop, to strike through and through) : 
 struck with a sivord, gladio percussus, 
 Cic. Mil. 24, 65 (V. also to stab, thrust 
 through). But also less strungl.v : as 
 if a stone should s. a stone, ceu lapidem 
 si p. lapis, Lucr. 6, 162 ( 260) : objects 
 struck by lightning, res de caelo per- 
 cussae, Cic. Cat. }, 8, 39 : colour struck 
 by the light glistens, color percussus luce 
 refulget, Lucr. 2, 799. Fig.: struck by 
 a wound from fortune, percussus for- 
 tunae vulnere, Cic. Acad. I, }, n : cf 
 percussus (v. I. perculsus) calamltate, id. 
 Mur. 24 : ears struck by the voice, auri- 
 culae voce percussae, Prop, i, 16(17), 28. 
 
 3. ico, ici, ictum, j : struck ivith a 
 stone, lapide ictus, Caes. B. C. j, 22 : 
 struck by lightning, e coelo ictus, Cic. 
 Div. I, 10, 16: cf fulmine icitur, Plin. 
 15, JO, 40, $ i?4- tactus de coelo, Liv. 
 25, 7. nud. : Cic. : Virg. 4. caedo, 
 cecidi, caesum, } ; to s. a stone with iron, 
 lapidem ferro c, Lucr. 6. 114 (Ji2): to 
 s. with blows, fists, verberibus, pugnis c., 
 Plant. 5. pulso, 1 : V. TO KNOCK, to 
 BEAT. Cf. caedo, aincido, mulco, ver- 
 beio, vapiilo. tundo, plango (v. to beat : 
 FIST) : offendo (v. to knock against) : 
 v. also to hit, to smack (A II.), to 
 slap. 6. percello, culi, culdum, j : 
 Fostumius struck thefetial's thigh with 
 his knee, fetiali P. genu fenmr perculit, 
 Liv. 9, 10, exlr. : cf. p. aliquem cuspide, 
 Ov. Am. 2, 9, 7. 7. i'lido, si, sum, } : 
 he strztck the ce.^tus into the bones, cestus 
 illisit in ossa, Virg. Aen. J, 480. 8. 
 batuo (batt-), ui, j (rare and eolloq.) : 
 to s. Okie's face, b. os alicui, PI. Cas. 2, 8, 
 60. Phr.: to s. blows, intendere ictus, 
 Tac. A. 16, 9: without s.inga blow, sine 
 certamine, sine ulla dimicatione, Liv. 
 (Quich.). II. To play a musical in- 
 strument : 1. pulso, I : to s. the strings 
 with the fingers, and an ivory plectrum, 
 chordas digitis et peciine ebunio p., 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 647. 2. perciitio, cussi, 
 cussum, J : to s. the lyre, p. lyram, Ov. 
 Am. J, 12, 40. 3. impelio, piili, pul- 
 sum, J ; to s. tlie sounding chords with 
 the thumb, vocales i. pollice chordas, 
 Tib. 2, 5, J. 4. pello, pgpiili, pulsum, 
 J : the strings (of the lyre) struck, 
 (nervi) pulsi, Cic. Brut. 54, 199: cf lyra 
 pulsa manu, Ov. M. 10, 20;. Fig-. 
 you have struck the chord of a long dis- 
 cussion, longi sermonis initium pepu- 
 listi, Cic. Brut. 87, 297. 5. tango, 
 tetigi, tactum, j : to s. the chords, t. 
 chordas, Ov. R. Am. jj6. 6. quatio, 
 no per f., quassum, j : to s. the cymbals, 
 cymbala q., Virg. G. 4, 64. 7. tendo, 
 titendi, tensum and tentum, } (rare). 
 (Polyhymnia) refuses to s. the lyre, 
 refuglt t. barbiton, Hor. Od. i, i, 34. 
 
 8. incrgpo, ui, itum, l : tus. the lyre 
 with the fingers, i. digitis lyram, Ov. H. 
 i, 118. III. 7b stomp, coin (money) 
 perciitio, cussi, cussum, j (rare in this 
 sense) : so that he struck a silver coin 
 with the impression of tlie constellation 
 Capricorn, (ut) numura argenteum nota 
 sideris Capricorn i percusserii. Suet. Aug. 
 94, extr. : cf cudo, signo, fSrio : f . to 
 COIN. IV. To bf sprinkle (now obsol. : 
 cf. "They shall take of the blood, ami 
 strike it on the two side-posts," Ex. xii. 
 7) : conspergo, etc. (v. to besprinkle). 
 
 V. Of plants : to strike root, radice? 
 agere, etc. (v. TO root). VI. In games. 
 to strike a ball : perh. pilani remittert. 
 Sen. Ben. 2. ?2, init. : pilam expulsare, 
 Mart. 14, 46 : pila expulslm ludere. 
 Varr. in Non. 104, 29. VII. ^" strike 
 fire (e. g. out of a flint) : v. to strike 
 out. VIII. '''<' strike a measure : 
 
 *hostorio niodium aequare ((jleorg.). 
 IX. Of a clock : to strike the hour : 
 the clock is s.ing the hour (or simply, 
 is striking), "horologium indicat horam 
 (Georg.). X. Tolet doun. loner : to s. 
 the yards, antennas demittere, based on 
 Ov. Tr. .?, 4, 9: to s. the tents, tabem:i- 
 cula detendere, Caes. B. C. }, 85 : Liv 
 41 , }, init. : to s. sail, vela subduoere.
 
 STRIKE 
 
 s T K I K K T U G E T HER 
 
 STRING 
 
 Anct. B. Alex. 45: to s. a flag, *de- 
 mittere s. deducere vexillum s. vexlllum 
 navale. XI. ''"•g-- '0 afflM sud- 
 devly : P h r. : tome art suddenly struck 
 blind, quidatn subito occaecati sunt. 
 Cels. 6, 6. J7 : cf. a.spectum amitUre, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, JO, •)%: struck blind and 
 deaf, oculls et anrlbus captus, id. ib. 5, 
 40, 117: cf. captu.s lumlnibus, Llv. 9, 
 29: extr. : he ivas struck dumb, *defeclt 
 ei linguae usus: *vocis usus (repenta) 
 interenipius est : he uas struck speech- 
 less (i. e. uas silent), mutus lllico (erat), 
 Ter. Eun. j, i, 27 : suddenly the mast 
 talkative fellow uas struck dumb, re- 
 pente liomu loqiiad-^simus obmutuit 
 (.perf. of obmutesco), Cic. Flac. 20, 48 : 
 cf. Virg. Apu. 4, 279 : grief s.s dumb. 
 dolor inclucMt vocem, Cic. Ftab. Post. 17, 
 48 : struci \leud, correptus morti- su- 
 bita. Curt. (Quich.) ■ Hemus was struck 
 dead in a crowd, in turba ictus R. cc- 
 cidit, Llv. I, 7, a*/ init. : s. (dead) by 
 liyhtning (may be expr. by), tacius de 
 coelo, percussus di! coelo, e coelo ictus 
 (y.supr., I.). XII. fg-: to affect 
 (a.) the sense* : I, ffirlo. 4 r bodies 
 sucit as s. the eyes and provoke vision, 
 corpora quae feriant oculos visunique 
 lacessant, Lucr. 6, 924 : cf. his spcctris 
 etiamsi oculi possent feriri, animus qui 
 posslt (sc. feriri) non video, Cic. Fam. i ;, 
 16, 2. 2. incurro, curri (cucurri), 
 cursum, } ■ to s. the eyes, in oculos i , 
 id. Att. 12, 21, 5 : cf. id quod oculis in- 
 currit, Sen. Ben. i, 5. 3. incurso, 1 ; 
 those things which s. the eyes or ears, 
 ea quae oculis vel auribus 1., Quint. 10, 
 }, 28. May also be expr. by, ante 
 oculos s. in oculis esse, Cic. 4. accido, 
 di, J : tht! sound of the voice s,s the ears, 
 vocIb sonitus aures a., PI. Stich. i. 2, 
 }i : V. TO KKACH, B. (11.). 6. impello, 
 piili, pulsum, j : the lamentations of 
 Aristaeus struck his mother's ears, nia- 
 ternas Impulit aaro luctus Arlstaei, 
 Virg. G. 4, J49 : to s. the smses, sensus 
 1., Lucr. 504 (297). (6.) the mind: to 
 impress strongly : 1. f5rio, 4 : maxims 
 t. (i. e. impress strongly) the mind, f. 
 animum (sententiae), Quint. 12, 10, 48. 
 2. percutio, cussi, cussum, } : vhat- 
 ever has struck our minds u-ith credi- 
 bility, quodcunque nostros animos pro- 
 babiiitate percussit, Cic. Tusc. ;, 11, }} ; 
 it struck me (i. e. made me suspicious), 
 percussit animum, id. Att. 4, 8 (b.), j : 
 struck (or shocked) by the extreme harsh- 
 ness of the Utter, percussus atrocissimis 
 litteris, id. Fam. 9, 25, J. Phr. : struck 
 vntli sitrprise, admiratione obslupetacti, 
 id. Deiot. 12, 14 (v. also astonished to 
 
 BK, ASTOnNDKD TO BE, TO ROOT, II.): 
 
 (thunder-)styuck (Fig.), attonitus (v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v.) : the state struck 
 ■with a kind of fear, timore quodam per- 
 culsa clvitas, Cic. Ep. ad Brut, i, ?, 2 . 
 all are struck with tenor, terror omni- 
 bus intentatur. Tac. A. j, 28 : to s. with 
 terror, terrorem aiimovere, Liv. 6, 10, 
 ad med. ; beauty s.s us, movet oculos 
 pulchritudo,Cic. Off. i, 28,98 : the beauty 
 of expediency struck him, species utlli- 
 tatis pcpulit eum, id. ib. }, 10, 41 : cf. 
 acriter menteni sensumque pel lore, id. 
 Acad. 2, 20, 66 : v. to affect (1.), to 
 rMPRKSS (111.) : J am struck at the man's 
 negligence, honilnls negllgi'miam niiror, 
 Cic. (v. TO wondkk). Note. — In a more 
 modified sense, to strike one — to occur 
 to one, and may be expr. by, venit in 
 mentem,etc. (v. ToocccK, 111.). XIII. 
 In account.s, to strike a balance, consii- 
 lido, dispungo (cf. dispungere est con- 
 ferre accepla et data, Ulp. Dig. ?o, 16, 
 
 56): V, TO BALANCE (HI.). XIV. ^' 
 
 strike a bargain : paciscor, etc. : v. 
 BARGAIN (t>. and subs.). Ph r. : we have 
 struck a (>argairt aliout the price, de 
 pretio inter nos convenii (Quich.): v. 
 also TO co^•cn•DK (V.), to close (A., 
 II.. Phr.). B. Intrans.: |. Ofa 
 ship, to run aground -. offi'ndo, di. sum, 
 i : the ship S.S on the rucks, puppl,< o. in 
 ScopuUs, ba.<ied on Ov. I'ont. 4, 14, 22. 
 Phr.: the ship struck U}>on the rocks, 
 (ad sropulos) iiffliclii est navis, based on 
 Cic. Habi I'ent 9, 25 : the stem struck 
 
 on the shallows, puppis inflicla est vadi.s, 
 based on Virg. Aen. 10, joj : v. also 
 AGBOUNi). II, Of a clock, to strike : 
 the clock s.s, *horologium soiiat (Georg.). 
 
 III. To cease irorkiiiy : perh. *operp 
 faolendo cesi>are et mercedem migorem 
 flagitare. 
 
 Strike SiB&in : rSpeto, j : the valch- 
 
 word of all tvas •' .Sprite again," signuni 
 
 erat omnium. Kepete, Suet. Cal. 58: cf. 
 
 Liv. 4, 19, med. : v. also to rewjublf.. 
 
 against or on : A. T r a n s. : 
 
 1. incutio, cussi, cussum, } : to s. a 
 staff on one's head, scipionem in caput 
 alicujus i., Imsed on Liv. 5, 41, ^n. : to s. 
 the foot on the ground, i. pedem terrae, 
 Quint. 2, 12, 10. 2. offendo, di, sum, { : 
 to s. the tooth against something hard, 
 solido (dentem) o., Hor. S. 2, i, 78. 
 
 3. Ulido, si. sum, } : to s. one's head 
 against the doors, caput foribus i , Suet. 
 Aug. 2J (of an Intentional act: cf. im- 
 pingere se in columnas, Sen. de Ira, i, 
 16, post med.) : v. also to Dash against 
 (I.), to dkivk against. 4. pulso. I 
 (po?t. : to strike against = to touch) : 
 he himself is lofty, and s.s against the 
 .':tars on high, ipse arduus altaque p. 
 sjdera, Virg. Aen. j, 619: cf. qui vprtice 
 iiubila pulset, Val. Fl. 4. 149. B. 
 Intrans.: 1. expr. by jiass. of verbs 
 given under (A.) : e. g. protns kept s.ing 
 against sterns, incutiebantur pupplbus 
 prorae.Curt. 9, 9, otimed. 2. offendo: 
 
 V. to STRIKE (B.), to stumble. 3. I"- 
 
 curro : V. to fall foul of : v. also to 
 
 DASH against (II.). 
 
 at : ^'- TO attack, aim. 
 
 at the root (FiR-): subveito, 
 
 everto, perverto : v. toovehthrow (II.). 
 
 back : I. ^ returit a blow : 
 
 refCrio, 4 ; by s.ing hojck you will ijire 
 cause for s.ing often, referlendo occa- 
 sionem saepius feriendi dabis, Sen. de I ra, 
 
 2, ?4. f'"- ■ ^- "1^ REVENGE, TO TAKE 
 
 (on), revenge (subs.). ||. To reflect, 
 q. V. : repercutio. etc. 
 down <'r to the ground : 
 
 I, aflfiigo, ixi. ictum, j : / i'-i7( .«. 
 you to the ground, le ad terram a PI. 
 Pers. 5, 2, 1 5. J o i n : on eagle struck 
 to the ground two rare»s, aquila duos 
 corvos afflixit et ad terram dedit. Suet. 
 Aug. 96, init. 2. premo, pressi, 
 pressum, } ; three slaves he s.s down, 
 tres famulos p., Virg. Aen. 9, J29 : cf. 
 Tac. H. 4, 2, ad fin. : v. also to beat 
 
 DOWN, dash down, KNOCK DOWN, TO 
 
 prostrate, 10 overthrow. 
 
 for (F i g) : dlmico, propugno, 
 
 (with pro) : v. to fight. 
 
 home: v. home (adv., II.) : v. 
 
 to drive home. 
 
 in or into : A. T r a n s. : 
 
 figo, infigo, etc. ; v. to DunE in, to 
 beat IN. Phr.: to s. great fear into 
 many, multis magnum metiim incutere, 
 C(X'l. A\i. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2 : v. also to 
 insi'IRk(11.). B. Intrans.: j, Tb 
 penetrate, q. v. ||. To interfere, q. v. : 
 intervfnio, intcrpello. 
 
 off: I. "Po cut off', q. v.: 
 
 praecido, ab.scido, etc. : v. also To be- 
 head. II, To }rrint off: v. to PRINT. 
 III. To erase : erado, si, sum, j : he 
 struck him off' the roll of judges, albo 
 judiciim erasit. Suet. Claud. 16, ad med. : 
 V. TO erase, cancel. 
 
 out: A. Trans.: f. To 
 
 strike out fire • 1, excuiio, di, sum, } ; 
 he struck out a spark from .flint, siliel 
 scintillam excudit, Virg. Aen. 1, 174: 
 cf. e. ignem, Plin. 16. 40. 77. { 208. 2. 
 clido, si, sum, i : to s. out jire.from flint, 
 ignem e silice e., based on Plin. 11, J7, 
 86. 5 214 . cf. e. ignes nublbus, Ov. M. 6, 
 696 (69s). 3. clicio, llcui and lexi, 
 lIcTtum, ; ■ to s. out fire bii cimcussiun 
 andfriction of stones, lapiduni conflictu 
 atque tritu e. ipnem, Cic. N. I). 2, 9, 25. 
 
 II. To erase, blot out, oliliterate : 
 I- ^''. III. ^' ""*^''. contrire : q. v. 
 
 B. Intra 11 s. : to take a stroke, in 
 swimming : perh. 'brachia e.xieiulere s. 
 paiidiTi'. 
 through : v. to pierce, stab, 
 
 TRANSFIX. 
 
 together : A. T r a n s t 1. 
 
 collido, si, sum, } : to s. Vie hands 
 together, c. manus (v. also to clap). 
 Also with inter se : the tea SJ ships 
 togethtr, mare inter se navtgia roUidil 
 based on Curt. 4, j, post med. 2. con- 
 ciiiio, cussi, cussum. j (pnp. to shake 
 together) : to s. arms toyeOier so as to 
 clash, crepitantia c. arma, Ov. M. 1, 14J. 
 Phr.: cymbals struck together, aera re- 
 pulsa, Tib. I, }, 24. B. Intrans.: 
 confligo, xi, cium, j (with inter se) : 
 ships struck together (or one anoOier), 
 naves inter se confiixenint, Caes. B. C. 
 2, 6, ad Jin. Or may be expr. by pats. 
 of verbs given under (A.), with or with- 
 out inter se. 
 
 strike up : |. L i t. : of music - to 
 begin to sing .- Phr.: to s. up a song, 
 movere cantum, Virg. Aen. 10, 161 
 s. up (a song), Incipe, id. E. 9, }2 ; Ute 
 flute-players struck up, tlbiciofs canere 
 incoeptabant, Gell. i, 11, post init. : cf. 
 occipere cantionem. Pi. Slicb. ;. 5, 19. 
 Also, of instruments, tti begin to play : 
 the flute S.S up, (tibia) praemonslrat 
 modos, based on Gell. i, 11, post med. : 
 as soon as the trumpets struck up, 
 slmulac tubarum est at ditus cantui 
 (Georg.). II. Fig. : to strike up a 
 friendship : Phr.: conferre se ad ami- 
 citlam alicujus, Cic. Brut. 81. 281 : ad 
 amicitiam alicujus accedere, N'ep. Eum. 
 I, med. : amicitiam comparare. based on 
 Cic. Rose. Am. J8, 11 1: amicitiam et 
 con.suetudinem cum allquo conjungere, 
 id. Deiot. 9, 27 : cf. amicitias facere, 
 fingere, instituere, id. (v. Niicl. Lex. 
 Cic. ,«. v. amicitia). 
 
 Strike (subs.) : a bushel (Prov. 
 Eng.) q. V. 
 
 striker : 1. percussor, oris, m. : 
 the wounded lion knoiis the s., leo vul- 
 neratus p. novit, Plin. 8, 16, 19. ^ 51 : 
 cf. Suet. Cal. 58, txtr. 2. pulsator, 
 oris, TO. : a s. of the lute, p. citharae, 
 Val. Fl. 5, 694 (69?). But best expr. by 
 verb (v. to .strike). 
 
 striking (subs.) .- v. beating (subs.). 
 Or express by verb (v. TO stbikk). 
 
 striking (adj.) : I. HemarkaitU, 
 q. v. : 1, insignis, t: a s. resemblance, 
 i. siniilitudo, Liv. jq, 5}, ad init.: at. 
 example (or teaming), i. documentum, 
 Liv. (Qulcli.) : V. also kemabkable (I). 
 
 2, insignitus: v. remarkable (2). 
 
 3, notabilis. a»i uncommOTi and t. 
 event. lara et n. res, Plin. Ep. 7, 6, init. 
 
 4, mirus ; v. wonderful. Phr.: 
 o s. instance, cxempluni grande, Cic. DI v. 
 I, 20, 59 : cf. exemplum nobile (in bad 
 sense), Liv. 2, $,fin.: a punishment the 
 mure s. that, etc., supplicium conspectius 
 eo quod, etc., ib. med. : a s. dress, dis- 
 sentiens a ceteris habitus (Georg.). 
 
 II. Exactly resembling: perh. vpris- 
 siuus : o s. likeness of Atars, verissima 
 Marlis imago, Ov. Tr. 5, 7. 17. Phr.: 
 portraits so s., ini.igines adeo similitu- 
 dinis indiscretae, Plin. ?5, 10, j6, 14, ^ 88 - 
 cf. indiscreta vi'ri simililudo. Id. 54, 7, 17, 
 i ;8. III. Of arguments, powerful : 
 gravis: g. arguinenium, Cic. pass.: 
 
 V. also I-OWERFLL (HI.), IMPRKSSIVB. 
 
 Phr.: s. thoughts, coiicinnae acutaeque 
 sententiae, Cic. Brut. 78. 272 i. speeches, 
 orationes nequaquam coiitemnendae, 
 based on id. ib. 27J: very s. sayings, 
 aigutissima dicta, id. (t. AitrrE, shrewd). 
 strikingly : mirum in nuidum, mi- 
 rSbiiiter: v. wonderfully. Or expr. 
 by adj. (V. striking) : e. g. a boy s. de- 
 formed, puer insignis ad deformitatem, 
 Cic. Leg. J. 8. 19: s ugly features, nota- 
 bilis fwdius vultiis, I'lin. 56, 5. 2. } 12: 
 a «. handsome woman, long.- antf alias 
 specie insignis ac pulchritudiiie, Liv. i, 
 %post med. 
 
 strikingness : ''XP''- by adj. (t. 
 
 STI!IK1N<.>. 
 
 String (subs.) : I. In general sense : 
 1. linea : a s. of pearU, 1. margarita- 
 rum.Scaev. Dig. ?5, 2, j6: rt. Mart. 8,78, 
 7, linea dlve.-t (of j(riri<)s .f pearls thrown 
 among the people at the public games) : 
 a hen is kept prisoner with its Ug tied 
 by a long s.. ligato pede longa 1. gallina 
 custtHlitiir. Col. 8, 11, 15. 2. linum : 
 (Of a letter) ue cut the s. (or thread^ 
 80s
 
 STRING 
 
 STRIPE 
 
 STRIVE 
 
 linum incidimus, Cic. Cat. }, 5, 10: of. 
 PI. Bar. 4, 4, 64 : v. also THBEAD. 3. 
 resticula (o small cnrit) : v. to string 
 (I.). Phr. : to 6ri?afc(Aes., vinculalinea 
 n-.mpere, Virg. Aen. 5, 510; they tighten 
 the purse-sj, praebent cxiRue sumptum, 
 Ter. Heaut. i, 2, ??. (For lit. sense, 
 * crumenam astringere s. coiitrahere, 
 may serve) ■ to tie nith s. (may be expr. 
 by) ligare s. circumdare (v. to bind, I. : 
 TO TIE) linea, etc. (v. sup^:). ||. A 
 shoii-string : 1. corrigia : v. latchet. 
 2. habena : the other parts (of tbe 
 font) lire bound nith {sh(>e-)s.s, cetera 
 babeiiis vincia sunt, Gell. i;, 21, med. 
 III. A musical string ■ 1. chorda : 
 Calliope tries beforehand with her finr/er 
 the plaintive s.s, C. querulas praetentat 
 pollice c. Ov. M. 5, JJ9 cf. Cic. de Or. 
 J, 57, 2i6: V. also to strike (A., II.). 
 2. nervus : the li/re cunning in re- 
 sounding with seven s.s, testudo resonare 
 septem callida nervis, Hor. Od. j, 1 1, j : 
 Cic. Brut. 54, 199. 3. filum • to 
 handle the harmonioVLS s.s of the lyre, 
 tractare cnnsona f. lyrae, Ov. Am. i, 8, 
 60. 4. fides, \nva,f. {a stringed in- 
 strument): V. TO STRING (II., Phr.). 
 Phr.: to harp on the same s., canti- 
 lenam eandem canere, Ter. Pb. j, 2, 10 
 incudem eandem tundere, Cic. de Or. j, 
 27, 106. IV. A bow-string : nervus • 
 to Jit arrows to the s., nervo aptare 
 Baglttas, Virg. Aen. 10, iji: l.ucan. 
 Pro v.: to have tu-o s.s tn one's bmv, 
 (1.) duplici spe utier (i. e. uti), Ter. Ph. 
 4, 2, ij. (2.) duabus sellis sedere (to 
 keep i)i with both parties), Laber. in Sen. 
 Contr. J, 18, fin. V, In anatom., a 
 tendon: nervus: Cic. : v. tendon, sinew, 
 HAMSTRING (subs. and v.). Phr.: the s. 
 of the tongue is cut by the surgeon's 
 knife and loosened, lingua inhaerens 
 scalpello resecta liberatur, based on 
 Cic. Div. 2, 46, g6. VI. ^n botany, 
 a fibre: q. v. VII. Fig-: a series or 
 succession, q. v. : series. 
 
 String ("•)•• I. To connect by a 
 string: perh. *colligarc linea, etc. (v. 
 string, subs., I.). Phr.: to s. ripe figs, 
 resticulas (cords) per ficos maturas per- 
 serere (to pierce through),\a.xT. R. K. i, 
 41, 5: pearls strung, (margaritae) per- 
 tusae in linea {qpp. extricatae, loose), Ulp. 
 Dig. 9, 2, IT, fin. [For to s. togelher, v. to 
 connect.] II, To furnish a musical 
 instrument vith strings : P h r. : <o s. 
 a lyre, fides contendere nervis, based on 
 Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75: *lyram intendere 
 nervis (Georg.) • • lyrae, citharae, etc., 
 nervos aptare (Ainsw.) : a s.'d instru- 
 ment, (1.) fides, ium: to play on a s.'d 
 instrument, fidibus canere, Cic. Div. 2, 
 59, 122. (2.) nervi: Cic. Rose. Am. 46, 
 134: Virg. Aen. 9, 77}. 
 
 stringed : v. to string (II.). 
 
 stringency: v. pressure (II.), se- 
 teritv. 
 
 stringent : s6verus, etc. : V. strict, 
 severe. 
 
 Stringless (cf- " Ilis tongue is now 
 a stringless instrument," Shakesp.) : 
 •nervis non intentus : v. unstrung. 
 
 stringy: |. Of plants, ./(ftrozis: 
 q. v. ||. Of liquids, ropy : q. v. 
 
 Strip, strip oif ("■)•■ A. T r a n s. : 
 
 I, Lit.: to deprive of a covering: 
 1. spOlio, I : the consuls order the 
 man to be s.'d (for punishment), con- 
 sules spoliari homiiinm jubent, Liv. 2, 
 55, med. : to s. the body of a slain enemy, 
 corpus caesi bostis s., Liv. 7, 26, ad med. 
 Also with abl. : to s. the fallen of his 
 cJot/ies, jacentera veste s., Nep. Thras. 2, 
 fin. r to s. qfl" the pods of pulse, foUiculos 
 leguminum s., Petr. *i;;, med. 2. 
 
 nado, I ; he orders the man to be s.'d 
 (for punishment), hominem nudari jubet, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 62, 161. Also with ahl. : a 
 weapon s.'d of its sheath, telum nudatum 
 vagina, Nep. Dat. 11, ad fin. 3. de- 
 nudo : to s. matrons, matresfamilias d.. 
 Suet. Aug. 69. 4. exuo. ui, utum, } ; 
 the snake s.s off his shin in the th/n-ns, 
 serpens e. in spinis vestem, Lucr. 4, 59: 
 he S.S (or Ixires) his arms, lacertos e., 
 Virg. Aen. ;. 42?- how many fingers 
 Sees thai goblet s.. quot dieitos e. iste 
 806 
 
 calix. Mart. 14, 109. Also with abl.: 
 to s. one of clothes, aliquem veste e.. 
 Suet. Ner. J2, ad fin. 5. deripio, 
 ripui, reptum, j : a hide s.'dfrom a lion, 
 pellis derepta leoni, Ov. M. }, 52: v. to 
 FLAT. 6. detraho, xi. ctum, j ; to s. 
 off clothes, vestem d., based on Cic. Brui. 
 75, 262. Pro v.: you bid me s. the 
 naked, nudo detrahere vestiraenta me 
 jubes, PI. As. I, I, 79: V. also to draw 
 OFF (l). 7. pono, depono : v. to 
 PUT OFF (I.). 8. viduo, I (poet. : lit. 
 to bereave) : the mountain-ashes are 
 being s.'d of tlieir leaves, viduantur orni 
 foliis, Hor. Od. 2, 9, 8 : cf. viduata arva 
 pruiuis, Virg. G. 4, 518. Cf. deciitio : 
 v. TO SHAKE OFF. 9. stringo, inxi, 
 ictum, ? : to s. off leaves from trees, s. 
 folia ex arboribus, based on Caes. B. C. 
 J, y8 : cf. s. frondes, Virg. E. 9, 61 : s. ar- 
 bores. Col. 6, ?, 7. Camp, dcstringo : to 
 s. off the myrtle berry, d. baccam myrti, 
 Coi. 12, ?8, 7 d. frondem, Cjuint. 12, 6. 
 2: d. ramos, Lucan 4, J17. 10. de- 
 cortico (to s. the bark off): v. to pi'.el 
 (I). 11. vello, vulsi, vulsum, 3 {to 
 s. off the feathers of birds) : v. to pluck 
 (IL). II, Fig. : tode/)rae 0/: 1. 
 spolio, I (usu. with arc. of person or 
 thing robbed and abl. of thing taken) : 
 V. to uob. Also in poet, with ace. in- 
 stead of abl. : printer s.'d of its locks, 
 biems spoliata capillos, Ov. M. 15, 24J. 
 Camps. despOlio, exspolio (v. to despoil, 
 ROB> 2. niido, i (like preced. in 
 constr.) : the little crow s.'d of its bor- 
 rowed plumes, cornicula furtivis nudata 
 coloribus, Hor. Ep. i, i, 20: the tribunes' 
 official poller having been s.'d of all, 
 nudata omnibus rebus tribunitia po- 
 testate, Caes. B. C. i, 7, ad med. : cf. 
 Suet. Caes. 41, init. : to s. lands by lay- 
 ing waste, agros n. populando, Liv. 44, 
 27, ad med. (v. to plunder, pillage, 
 devastate). Cf. compound denude : 
 Roman citizens having been s.'d of their 
 property, civibus Romanis denudatis, 
 Cic Fam. 12, 15, i. 3. exuo, ui, utum, } 
 (same constr. as preced.) : to s. an enemy 
 (fhis arms, e. hostem armis, Liv. J4, 28, 
 wl fin. : to s. one of his ancestral goods, 
 aliquem avitis bonis e., Tac. A. 14, }i, 
 med. : cf. se agro patemo avitoque e., 
 Liv. 2, 2J, ad med. 4. expello : v. 
 TO EXPEL. 5. everto, ti, sum (lit. 
 to turn out) : to s. a uard cf his father's 
 fortunes, e. pupillum fortunis patriis, 
 Cic. Verr. I, 51, i}?. MisceU.: s.'d 
 of the disguises of hypocrisy, evulutus in- 
 tegumentis dissimulatioiiis nudatusque, 
 id. de Or. 2, 86, J50: to s. off all the 
 ornament of speech, omnem omatum 
 orationis detrahere, based on id. Brut. 
 75, 262. B. I n trans. : to undress 
 oneself: may be expr. by, poiiere s. de- 
 ponere vestem, veslltum, vestlmenta 
 (V. TO PUT OFF, I.): cf. de tenero vela- 
 niina corpore ponit, Ov. M. 4, 54; : perh. 
 too 'se exueie vestibus : vestes sibi de- 
 trahere (Georg.). [N.B. — Corpus nudare 
 (R. and A.), Enn. in Cic. Tusc. 4, jj, 
 70, is used in a bad sense of allowing 
 one's nakedness to be seen in public.^ 
 Note. — Stripped may often be expr. 
 lit. and fig. by, nudus (v. Smith's Lat. 
 Diet. 8. v.). 
 
 Strip (subs.) : I, A strip of cloth : 
 perh. * pannulus oblongus (Georg.) : to 
 cut linen clothes into s.s, * indumenta 
 lintea in oblongos pannulos discindere 
 (id.) : V. also bandage (subs.). ||. A 
 strip of paper : 1. (chartae) schediila 
 or scldiila : cf. Cic. Fam. 15, 16, i (but 
 V. I. syllabam). 2. (chartae) scbeda or 
 scida (a s. of papyrus bark) : Plin. 1 1, 
 I'., 2 J, 5 77 v. also LEAF (II.). 111. In 
 surgery, a s. of (diseased) flesh: habena: 
 a thin s. must be cut out, tenuis exci- 
 denda h. est, Cels. 7, 17, i, fin. Also 
 dimin. habenilla, id. 7. 28, post med. 
 IV. ■'• stiip of land : laclnia (lit. 
 the lappet or flap of a garment) ; Plin. 
 5, 52, 41,5 148. 
 
 stripe (subs.): I. A streak of a 
 different colour from the ground : 1. 
 limes, itis, m. : a white s. marking a 
 black ground, nigrum materiara dis- 
 tmguente 1. albo (of a line or rein In 
 
 stone), Plin. J7, 10, 69, $ 184. 2. virga 
 (a coloured stripe in a garment) : pv/rpU 
 s.s, purpureae v., Ov. A. A. j, 269. 
 Also of a s. (or streak) in the heavens. 
 Sen. Q. N. i, 9 and 10. Cf. fascia in 
 Juv. 14, 294 (nil color hie coeli, nil 
 fascia nigra minatur). 3. clavus (a 
 purfle stripe on the tunica) : the broad 
 s. (for the senators), latus c. : thenar- 
 roir s. (for the equites), angusttis c. (v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. clavus, and Ant 
 P- 29J). II. The discoloured mark of 
 a blow : 1, vitjex, icis, /. : Plin. jo, 
 I J. 59, $ 118. 2. perh. verberum vnl- 
 nera, ib. 3. cicatrix, icis,/. : v. scab. 
 III. A blow (of a whip or lash) : 
 verber, 6ris, n. (chiefly in plur.) ; he 
 orders the young man to be stripped 
 and S.S to be gii-en, adolescentem iiadarl 
 Jubet verberaque afferri, Liv. 8, 28, med. : 
 to torture an envoy with bonds and s.s, 
 legatum vinculis ac verberlbus excru- 
 ciare, Cic. Manil. 5, 11 : to beat >'ith a 
 rod one who has deserved to suffer se- 
 verer s.s, ferula caedere meritum majors 
 subire verbera, Hor. S. i, j. 120: v. also 
 blow (subs.): strokf, (sm6s.). Fig.; 
 the S.S of fortune, fortimae v., Gell. i^, 
 27, fin. Phr.: one worthy of s.s, ver- 
 bero, onis.m. : Cic. Att. 14. 6, i : Plaut.: 
 Ter. : cf. verbereum caput, PI. Pers. 2, 
 2, 2 : to inflict s.s, verberlbus caedere, 
 id. Most. 5, 2, 4; : virgis aliquem caedere, 
 I^iv. 2, S, ad fin. |V. Asmilit. t.t.:a 
 badge of honour, M':;iiifnium (Quich.): 
 but perh. better e.xpr. by, insigne (or 
 Insignia) s. ornamenium honoris (based 
 on Cic. SuU. }i, 88, insignia atque 001,1- 
 mentii honoris). 
 
 Striped (the verb to stripe not 
 being sufficiently in use) : 1. virgatns: 
 s. (military) cloaks, v. sagula, Virg. Aen. 
 8, 660: a s. tigress, v. tigris. Sen. Hippol. 
 J44: cf.vlrgato corpore tigris, Sil. 5, 148. 
 2. virgulaius : o s. shell, v. concha, 
 PUn. 9, n, 52, § loj. 3. tigrinug 
 (mmhd like a tiger): id. ij, 15, ^e^ 
 
 Stripling: 1. adolescentiilus ■ i 
 beardless s., a. imberbis, Cic. Dom. 14, ,7. 
 2, peradGlescentulus : Nep. Eum. i, 
 med. 3. ephebus (= ^rffic;) : Cia. , 
 Flac. 21, 51 : Suet. : v. tocth. 
 
 strive : \. To make efforts : \, 
 nitor, nisus and nixns, j : let each one 
 s. his utmost, tantum, quantum potest, 
 quisque nitatur, Cic. de Sen. 10, jj: to 
 s. hard for (or in defence of ) freedom,, 
 pro libertate summa ope n.. Sail. J. 31, 
 post med.: to s. that .... not, n. ne 
 (with subj.), id. ib. 13, fin. : they s. to 
 force their way through, pemimpere n., 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 3"), fin. Also with ad and 
 gerundive ; they s. to agitate the states, 
 ad soUicitandas civitates n., id. ib. 7, 63, 
 ad init. 2. enitor, nisus or nixus, i 
 (stronger than preced.) : / u-ill s. with 
 all my strength and efforts, omni ope 
 atque opera enitar, Cic. Att. 14, 14, 6: 
 cf. summa ope niti. Sail. C. i, init.: 
 ego, quod potero, e. sedulo, Ter. Heaut 
 5, 4, 15 : e. in aliqua re, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 72, 295 : fight and s. that .... not, 
 pugna et e. ne (with subj.), id. Fam. 3, 
 10, }. Join: he who runs on the race- 
 course ought to s. to win, qui stadium 
 currit, e. et contendere debet ut vincat, 
 id. Off. J, 10, 42. Rarely with inf. : cf. 
 Ter. Andr. {,4, 17. Cf. comps. annitor, 
 obnitor, conuitor (v. Smith's Lat. Diet. 
 s. vv.). 3. contendo, dl, tum, 3: toe 
 to seek safety inflight, c. fuga salutem 
 petere, Caes. B. G, ?. 15: to s. u<ith oart 
 to gain that part of the island, c. remis 
 ut earn partem insulae caperet, id . ih. 5, 3, 
 med. Join: id c. et laiwrare, Caes. B. G. 
 I, Ji, init.: to s. might and main, c. 
 omnes nervos ut (with subj.), Cic. Fat. 
 10, 21 : cf. id. Verr. Act. i, 12, J5. 4. 
 tendo, tetendl, ten tum and tensum, } 
 (mostly poet, in this sense): (Laocoon) 
 S.S to wrench asunder with his hands the 
 knots (of the serpent's coils), manibus t. 
 divellere nodos, Virg. Aen. 2, 220 : cf. 
 fratres tendentes opaco Pelion impo- 
 suisse Olympo, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 51 : to s. 
 to impose laws on a captured state, 
 captae civitati leges imponere t., liv.
 
 S r K I V E A F T E K 
 
 STROLL. 
 
 STRONG 
 
 6, j8, med. 5. laboro, i : I s. to be 
 concise, brevis esse I.. Hor. A. P. 2; : 
 / strove, to be lowed by kiiii, aniari ab eo 
 laboravi, Pliii. Kp. i, lo, iiiil.: v. to 
 EXEKT (II.)- 6. studeo, ui, 2 (<o be. 
 
 eager or zealous) : he s.s to appear 
 pleasing to them, illls gratum se vitleri s., 
 Cic. on. 2, 20, 'JO. Also with ut and 
 subj. : Auct. B. Alex. i. 7. 6p6rani 
 do (with ut or ne): v. pains. 8. conor: 
 V. TO KNDEAVOUB. 9. molior, Uus, 4 
 (rare In this sense) : s.ing to usurp the 
 government, de occupando regno mo- 
 liens, Cic. Rep. 2, };. 60. 10. Ivictor, 
 obluitor : V. TO strlggi.e. ||, To 
 
 strife in opposition to, to contend ifith : 
 contcndo, certo, decerto, etc. (v. to (X)N- 
 rKND): V. also to vik with, to kival, 
 
 10 DISPtlTK (III.). 
 
 strive after or for : 1. nuor, nisus 
 
 and ni.Mis, } (with ad or in) .- t<> s. after 
 undying fame, ad inmiortalitateiii glo- 
 riae n., Cic. dfi Sen. 2J, 82: to s. after 
 the forbidden, n. In vetitum, Ov. Am. }, 
 4. 17. 2. connitor, nixus or nisus, j 
 (til strive for, i.e. to reach a place) : to s. 
 for the highest ridge, in summum jUKiim 
 c, Caes. B. C. i, 46, med. 3. aiitjiKir, 
 nisus or nixus, } (with de): unless Hi- 
 bulus fhouUl s. for a triumph, nisi H. 
 anniteretur de trlumpho, Cic. Att. 6, 8, ;. 
 4. imminco, 2 (with in or dat.) : 
 to s. fw an opportunity, i. in occa- 
 sionem, Llv. 25, 20, post med. : s.ing 
 for that magistracy, immiiiens ei po- 
 testati, id. j, 51, vied. 5. sector, i .- 
 to s. after booty, pracdam s., Caes. B. G. 
 6, J5, ud fin. : cf. s. lites, Ter. Ph. 2, ;, 
 61 : V. also to pursue (VI.), to .sekk, 
 TO GRASP at (li.). 6. COntl'Ildo, (11, 
 turn, J (with ad) • to s. for the highest 
 renown, c. ail summam laudem, Cic. 
 Phil. 14, 12, ?2. (f. tendo, affecto, 
 pgto, studt'o (V. TO AIM, 111 ). 
 
 against: 1. obnitor, nisus 
 
 and nixus, j : uhen, if ten s.ing against 
 it, he had shovm opposition, quum saepe 
 obnitens repugnasset. Veil. 2, 89, post 
 med. : we are not able to s. against it, 
 nee nos obnili contra suflicimus, Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 22 : to s. against adversity, 
 
 0. adversis, Tac. A. 15, 11. 2. reni- 
 tor, J : when they, s.ing against it, k-ept 
 saying they had made a covenant, 
 quum illi renitentcs pactos dicerent 
 sese, Liv. 49, a^l init. : cf. renitentibus 
 vobls, Curt. 6, j, post init. : v. also to 
 
 OPPOSE (11.), RESIST. 
 
 together : v. to costekd, to 
 
 STRUGGLE, TO WRESTLE. 
 
 Striving Uubs.) .■ 1. contentio ; a 
 s. for public offices, honorura c, Cic. Off. 
 
 1, 25, 87 : a s. fin- freedom and social 
 position, c. libertatis dignitatisque, Liv. 
 4, 6, ad fin. 2. appStitio: a s. fur 
 another's ptoperty, a. alien!, Cic. Off. ), 6, 
 jo: v. also grasping (su<;s.). 3. cer- 
 tatlo: there remains for virtue a s. u-ith 
 pleasure, relinquitur virtuli cum vo- 
 luptate c, Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 44. 4. nixus 
 or nisus, us, m : v. eefokt. Often best 
 expr. by verb (v. to stri\ e). 
 
 Striving (a<y-) •• strenuus, etc. : v. 
 enterprising, pushing (cuij.). 
 
 Stroke (s"f's)' \. a blow: l, 
 ictus, lis, t/t. ; a hand-to-hand s., i com- 
 minus {opp. conjectio telorum), Cic. 
 Caecin. 15. 4?: shields being pierced 
 through n ith one s. of javelins, scutis 
 uno i. pilorum transfixis, Caes. B. G. 
 I, 25, ad med. : a gladiator's s., i. 
 gladiatoris, Cic. Mil. 24, 65 : as. of 
 lightning, i. fulminis, Cic. Off. j, 25, 94: 
 cf. i. fulmincus, Hor. Od. j, 16, 11. 2. 
 plaga : v. buiv . 3. verber, fris, n. : 
 V. stripe (sabs.. 111.) ; the ship is urged 
 on by the s.s of six oars (lit. bii six 
 strokes), puppis v. senis agitur, Luoaii 
 J, 5j6 : cf. reinorum in verbere perstant, 
 Ov. M. }, 662 (660). Fig.: ttie s.s of 
 fate, fortunae v., Gell. I}, 2-],fm. 4. 
 pulsus, lis, HI. : the s. of the (Xirs, p. re- 
 morum, Cic. de Or. i, ;j. ./'".: cf Liv. 
 22, 19, ni«<i. II. In mrclianics. a s. of 
 thepiston. porh. *emboli inotus s. ictus. 
 III. Of lightning: fulmen (v. light- 
 ning) : more freq. fulminis ictus (v. 
 supr., I.). Fig.: fear of such a s.. 
 
 taiiti fulminis (i. e. mortis pueri) metus, 
 Quint. 6. praef, post init. |V. In 
 
 writing or painting, a live : 1. linea : 
 to make a s., lini-am duuTc, Plin. H, 10, 
 j6. } 84: cf. 1. cinere ducere, id. 18, }}, 
 76, } $27 : light s.s, primae s. extremae 
 1. (v. outline, subs.). 2. Uneamen- 
 tum : s.s of chalk, 1. (cretae), Petr. 79, 
 pist init. 3. nota: v. mark (subs., 1.). 
 4. ductus, us, m. ; boys imitate the 
 sj (\\l. forms) of Utters, litcrarum duc- 
 tus pueri sequnntur, Quint. 10. 2, 2. 
 P h r. : by a single s. of his pen (of one 
 letter prociucing a great effi-ct), una li- 
 tcrarum significatione, Cic. Manil. j, 7 : 
 to hare put Vit Jinishing-s. to wars, su- 
 premam bellis Imposuisse maiium, Ov. 
 K. Am. 114 (metaphor from painting): 
 cf. perpoliie aliciuid. Cic. : v. also finish- 
 
 ING-.STROKK : TO FINISH, ACCOMPLISH. 
 
 V. A master-Stroke, master-piej-e : 
 q. V. For a violent and sudden effort, v. 
 
 CODP-DE-MAIN,C<)CP-D'fiTAT. Misccll. : 
 
 the clock is upon the s. of tivelve, *instat 
 meridies : to keep s. (in rowing), perh. 
 •ad s. in numerum remigare: to make a 
 s. (in swimming), pfrh. dirlgere brachia, 
 baaed on ,Juv. 4, 89 (direxlt brachia con- 
 tra torrentem) : cf. jactare brachia mediis 
 aquis, Ov. ex P. 1, 6, J4 : v. also to .strike 
 OUT (B.) : to make a lucky s. (in money 
 matters), raagnam pecuniam facere, 
 based on Cic. Div. i, 49, 1 1 1 : by a lucky 
 s., bene, beate, feliciter : he makes from 
 time to time some briUianlli/ bold s.s (of 
 an author), nonnullos int«rdum jacit 
 igiiicuUis viriles, Cic. Att. 15, 26, 2 : cf. 
 ingenii igniculos ostcndere. Quint. 6, 
 praef. '/ : a s. of policy (or a clever s.). 
 ars, artilKium, dolus, miichiua (v. arti- 
 FICK. contriv.ance). 
 
 Stroke, stroke down ("■)•• 1. 
 
 mulceo, si, sum (rarely mulctum), 2 : to 
 s. the beard nith the hand, manu m. bar- 
 bam, Ov. F. 1, 259: to s a calf, m. vitu- 
 lum.Ov. A. A. 2, ?4i : to offer the neck to 
 be s.d, mulcenda coUa praebere, id. M. 10, 
 118. 2. demulceo, mulsi, mulsum and 
 mulctum, 2 (to s. domi : rare) : to s. 
 one's head, alicui caput d., Ter. Heaut. 
 J, 5, 14 : to s. a hm-se's back, d. dorsum 
 (,equi), Liv. 9, 16, atl fin. 3. per- 
 mulceo, si, sum and ctuni, l: to s. one 
 with the hand, aliquem manu p., Ov. F. 
 
 4, ;;i (v. TO fondle) : one's cheeks, 
 alicui nialas p.. Suet. Ner. i, post init. : 
 the beard, harbani p.. Liv. 5, 41, ad Jin. : 
 the hair, comas p., Ov, M 2, 7!J. 4. 
 palpo (and palpor), i : to offer the breast 
 to be s.d with the hand, pectora praebere 
 palpauda {al. plaudenda) manu, Ov M. 2, 
 866 : cl. cum rf|uiim pnrmul.sit quis vel 
 palpatus e.-t. Ulp. (v. lo fondle). 
 
 stroking (subs.) : expr. by verb (v. 
 TO sTKoKi;, CARESS, subs., 4): palpatio, 
 palpjimentum, being used only fig. for 
 ajiattering. 
 
 Stroll, stroll about: 1. de- 
 
 ambulo, i : to s. on the shore, d. in litore. 
 Suet. Aug. 96, ad fin. Also in impers. 
 constr. . nhen ve shall hare s.'d enough, 
 we sliall rest, quum satis erit deambula- 
 tum, requiescemus, Cic. Leg. i, 4, 14. 
 For prodeambfilo, v. .stroll (subs., 1). 
 2. obambulo: vhen he s.s alone, 
 cum solus o., Ov. Tr. 2, 459. 3. pCr- 
 ambulo : tos. tluough gardens, p. viridia, 
 Phaedr. 2, 5, 14 cf. p. runi. Ilur. Od. 4, 
 
 5. 17- 4. inambijlo, i (to nalk up 
 and doun) : to s. on a green ami shady 
 bank, in viridi opacjiquf ripa i.,Cic. Leg. 
 I. 5. I5- 5. spatior, 1 : v. to prom- 
 enade. 6. vagor, I : Is. out of 
 Ixmnds, ultra temiinum v., Hor. Od. 1, 
 22, II : cf id. S. I, 6, 122. 
 
 stroll (subs.) : 1. expr. by verbs 
 
 (v. to .stroll) : usu. in phr. : to go for 
 a s., to take a s. : (1.) prodeambiilo, 1 : 
 to go out for a s., p.. Ter. Ad. 5, I, 4. 
 (2.) deambiilo, i : go off for a s., abi 
 deamlmlutum, Ter. Heaiit. }, }, 26. (3 ) 
 amtiulii. I : to go off for a s., abire am- 
 bulatum, PI. Mil. 2, 2, 96. (4.) 6bam- 
 bulo, I : when he takes a solitary s., cum 
 .solus o., Ov. (v. TO stroll, 2). 2. 
 expr. by subss. : (1.) .inibulatio : v. 
 
 WALK (Sh/>S ), PROMENADE (suhs.). (2.) 
 
 tmbul&tiuncula (rare : a short walk) : 
 
 ' Cic. Fam. 2, 12, 2. (3.) deanibfilatio (a 
 prom*niading) : Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 1 : v. 
 
 also RAMBLE, W.^NDKKING. 
 
 stroller : expr. by verb (v. to 
 
 STROLL): V. also BAMULEB, HAWKEB, 
 
 <iUACK (subs., II.). 
 
 Strolling-players : * hisirioneg 
 vagi: a crmpany 0/ «., *hlsirlonum va- 
 gorum grex s. caterva. 
 
 strong : I. In general sense, of 
 the Ixidy or mind : 1. v&lidus (opp. 
 Inib<-cillus: chiefly poet.): s. oxen, v. 
 tauri, Ov. M. 7, 558: s. arms, v. lacerti, 
 Lucr. 4, 8 JO (828): s. in body, mind, 
 resources, v. corp"ire, opibus, ingenlo, 
 Tac. H. I, 57 : an intellect s. in n itdom, 
 ingenium saplentia v.. Sail. C. 6, post 
 med, : less s. in mitui than in body, 
 mente minus validus quani corpore, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 8, 7 : v. also j<)Lni> (adj., L), 
 Very s., prai'validus : a ttry .«. youth, p. 
 juvenis, Liv. 7, ;, med. 2. vnlens, 
 entis (like preced.): uhen a ueak man 
 is torn to pieces by a very s. bras(. 'luum 
 homo inibecillus a valentissima bestia 
 laniatur, Cic. Fam. 7, i, j : s. in the 
 limbs, v. membris. Ov. M. 9, 108. Fig.: 
 a s. logician, v. dialecticus, Cic. Fat. 6, 
 1 2 : nor teas craft s.er than my couvtel, 
 nee fraus violentior quam consilium 
 meum, id. Tim. 11, post med. Very 
 s., praevalens : very s. in body, p. cor- 
 pore. Veil. 2. io8. 3. robustus 
 (sturdy) : a man s.er by exercise, (homo) 
 exercitatione robustior, Cic Cat. i, 20: 
 cf usu atquf aetaie r., id. SuU. 16, 47. 
 Join: s. body-guards, r. et valentes 
 satellites, id. Agr. 2, ?i. 84. Fig. :o«. 
 mind, r. animus, id. Off. i, 20, 67. 4. 
 lacertosus, tSrosus • v. muscular. 6. 
 firmus (opp. aeger) : of a constitution 
 not yet sufficiently s., noiidum satis f. 
 corpore, Cic. Fam. 11, 27, i. .Join: f. 
 ac valens, id. ib. 16, 8, 2. Fig. : to bear 
 with a s. mind, ferre f. aninio, id. ib. 7, 
 18, I : a maji most s. for the truth, vir 
 pro veritate hrmisslmus, Plin. Kp. 2, 11, 
 i post med. : cf vir in suscepta causa fir- 
 missimus, Cic. Mil. jj. 91 : v. also firm, 
 
 RESOLUTE, STEADFAST. 6. fortis, 6 
 
 (poicerful) : a s. horse, f. equus, Lucr. 
 J, 8 : s. oxen, f. tauri, Virg. G. i. 65 : a 
 s. head (of a lion), f capui, Plin. 8, }6, 
 54, ^ 130. Also fortes ( = in s. health), 
 Plin. Kp. 4, 1, extr. Pbr. : a very 1. 
 man, vir maximis viribus, Cic. Coel. 24. 
 59 : a rustic of s. common sense, rusticuB 
 crassa Minerva, Hor. S. 2, 2. j. [For a 
 .s. constitution, v. sound (cfJj., 1., phr.) j 
 II, .s'. in resijurces or numl>ers : 
 1. pOtens, praepiitens, validus, 
 valens: v. powerful (ID. 2. pol- 
 lens, entis : a fleet eery s. at sea, classi* 
 plurimum p. mari. Veil. 1, 2. a<( fin. 
 Join: Fig.: animus aliunde p. potens- 
 que. Sail. J. i, med. Very «., praepol- 
 lens : a nation very s. in wealth, gens 
 divitiis p., Liv. i, 57, init.: v. also 
 STRONG, TO BE (111.). 3. florens. 
 
 entis : v. prosperous. 4. lirmus : a 
 state especially s., civitas imprimis f., 
 Caes. B. G. ;, 54, ad init. : cf Cic. Am. 
 7, 2? : an army s. enough for so gnat a 
 var, exercitus satis f ad lantum belluni, 
 Liv. 2 5, 25, med.: a s. band of i-eteran 
 volunteers, i. manus evocatorum, Cic. 
 Fam. 15. 4, ?: ifry s. garrisons, prae- 
 sidia tirmissima. id. Fin. I, 10. 1$: s. in 
 resources, f. opibus, Scip. in Cic. Att. 8, 
 II (v. rich)' s. in cavalry, ab equilatt; 
 i.. Plane, in Cic. Fam. 10. 15. 2. Pbr. : 
 a very s. army, raaximus exercitus, Cic. 
 Mur. 15, }2 : cf e.xercilus ampllor, .Suet. 
 Vesp. 4. ad. rin.: the s.er party pretyiiUd 
 
 ; oi'er the better one, major j>ars mclioretn 
 vicit, Liv. 21. 4. init.: a fleet 100 «., 
 classis centum iiavlum, Liv. (Quich.) : the 
 army is jooo s. in foot, exercitus trium 
 millium pediium est (id.): v. also NC- 
 mf.rous, .strong, to be. III. Of things, 
 firm, solid : firmus : for lit. sense, v. 
 
 "firm (adj.^, st)LiD (oiij.. v.). Fig. 
 verij s. foundations of a defmce. (fund 
 meiita) defen.sionis tirmissima. Cic. Coel. 
 2. 5 : to have a very s. ho}>e. spem fir- 
 missimam hal>ere, id. Fam. 6,1;. 4: (in 
 Cic. Att. I, I, 2. firmior candid:iius = a 
 
 1 candidate who hits s.er hopes of being 
 
 807
 
 STKONG, TO BE 
 
 STRUCTURE 
 
 STUB BORN 
 
 elected). Join: s. principles of duty, 
 oflBcii praecepta f., stabilia, id. Off. i, 2, 
 6: a s. opinion, opinio f. et stabilis, id. 
 Brut. JO, 114. IV. Of places, /oi^i/ie<(, 
 q. V. : miinitu.< : a place too s. to be 
 carried by a cnup-de-main, locus mu- 
 nitior quam iit primo impetu capi posset, 
 Curt. : a tovm s. both by nature and by 
 art, oppidHin et natura loci et manu m.. 
 Caes. B. G. j. 2 ?. Fig.: s. in the goodwill 
 of mew, hominuci benevolentia m., Cic. 
 Att. 2, 25, 2. V. Of speech, forcible, 
 emphatic: 1. validus: v. forcible 
 ('!•)• 2. v6h6inens, entis: a very s. 
 force in speech, vis in oratione vehe- 
 mentissima. Quint, q, 4, I}. 3. fo'tis, 
 e: a s. style of speaking, f. (genus di- 
 cendi), Cic. de Or. j. 9, }2. 4. gravis : 
 V. iMPRESStvE. 5. nervosus: v. neb- 
 vous (I.). [.S'. language (in bad sense), 
 contumeliii, maledictum, probrum : v. 
 ABUSE, INSULT.] V|. Of arguments, 
 conclusive, ueiyhty, q.v. : firmus, gra- 
 vis. Join: arguineiitum gravissimum 
 et firmissimuni, Cic. Rose. Com. 12, J7 : 
 
 V. also POWERFOL (III.), CONVINCING, 
 
 SOLID {adj., v.). VII. t)f the memory, 
 retentive : 1. firmus : a s. memory, 
 f. memoria. Quint, (v. memory, 1.). 
 
 2. tenax, acis: v. retentivk. 3. 
 acer, cris, ere : a s. memory, a, memoria, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 8-;, 557.' VIM. Of 
 eyesight, unimpaired : incoliimis, e : 
 s. eyesight, acies i., Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84. 
 
 IX. Of the voice, loud and full : 
 grandis et plenus : g. et p. vox, Cic. 
 Br. 84, 289. X. Violent, vehement, 
 
 ardent, q. v. : 1. gravis, e : a s. 
 
 opponent, g. adversarius, Cic. Off. 3, 22, 
 86 : of. gravior hostis, Liv. 10, 18 : v. 
 also FORMIDABLE. 2. acer, cris, ere : 
 a s. opponent (in discussion), a. adver- 
 sarius, Cic. Acad. 2, 4, 12: v. also eager 
 (II.). 3. expr. by tantus: so s. a 
 partisan of the aristocracy, t. optima- 
 tium fautor. Suet. Gr. j. 4. stiidios- 
 ns : v. ZEALOUS. P li r. : so s. a pre- 
 judice, tarn penitus insita opinio, Cic. 
 (v. inveterate): a s. aversion, mag- 
 num odium. Plia : to feel a very s. pas- 
 sion, incredibili cupiditate ardere, Cic. : 
 
 V. DF.SIRE (subs.), PASSION. XI. Of 
 
 remedies, effectual, potent: potens, entis 
 Plin. 29, 4, 50, } 94 : V. also effectual. 
 Phr. (Ug): a s. consolation, magnum 
 solatium, Cic pass. : magna solatia, id. : 
 multa solatia, id. XII. Of food, soh'd, 
 substantial : Brmus, plenus, robustus, 
 validus: v. solid {adj., IV.), nourish- 
 ing (adj.). XIII. Of flavours : (a.) 
 full-flavoured : 1. validus : a s. 
 
 tvine, vinum v. (opp. imbecillum), Plin. 
 .4, 21, 2", $ 154. 2. plenus, firmus: 
 V. FULL-KODIKD. 3. merus, meracus 
 (unmixed with water): v. pure (1., 4). 
 (ft.) sharp to the taste : 1, acer, acris, 
 acre : s. vinegar, a. acetum, Hor. S. 2, }, 
 117. 2. mordax, aciitus : v. pungent. 
 3. austerus: v. harsh (II.). XIV. 
 Of smell : gravis, acer, asper, etc. : v. 
 SMELL (subs.. III.). For bad sen<e, v. 
 bank (adj., II.). XV- Of colour, 
 deep : satur, etc. : v. rich (III., 9), 
 DEEP (adj. IV.). XVI. Of light, daz- 
 zling, vivid: q.v. XVII. Of a wind 
 or current, swift, rapid: 1, veh6- 
 mens, entis : a s. uind, v. ventus, Cic. 
 Rose. Am. 45, i?i. 2. saevus (rcj-y 
 s.) : by a very s. but not head-uind, 
 vento s., non ad verso, id. Att. 5, 12, i : 
 
 V. also VIOLENT, VEHEMENT. 3. ra- 
 
 pJdus: to be caught in a s. current, r. 
 in freto deprehendi (of the current in a 
 channel), Liv. Phr.: to resist a s. cur- 
 rent, contra vim atque impetum flu- 
 minis, Caes. B. G. 4. 1 7, med. : the s.er 
 the current might b'', quo major vis 
 aquae se incit.iTisset, Cae.s. id. I.e. 
 
 strong, to be : {.To have physical 
 strength: 1. valeo, ui, itum, 2 (wiih 
 a strengthening word, since alone it usu. 
 means to be well, opp. to be ill) : to be s. 
 for ure^tling, viribus ad luctandum v., 
 Cic. Off. I, JO, 107: cf. V. corpore, id. 
 Bret, ig, 77: multum v., PI. Am. 5, i, 
 51: plus v., id. True. 4, j, jS to be as 
 
 as a Ixjxer, v. pugilice, id. Epid. i, i, 
 2. expr. by vires with verb: 
 808 
 
 Antipater ua,s roughly s., A. habuit 
 vires agrestes, Cic. Leg. i, 2, 6 : ntrr are 
 ynu as s. as the centurion, nee vos cen- 
 turionis vires habetis, id. Sen. 10, ?J to 
 be very s., excellere viribus, id. Off. j, 5, 
 25. Fig.: you knoir not how s. rirtue 
 is. nescis quautas vires virtus habeat, 
 id. Par. 2, 17. ||. To be well, healthy : 
 valeo, ul, itum, 2 : v. .Smith's Lat. Diet. 
 s. V. Phr.: since he icas not yet s. 
 enough, corpore nondum satis firmo 
 quum esset, Cic. Fam. 11, 27: v. also 
 WF.LL, TO BE. III. To have great in- 
 fluence or resources : 1. valeo, ui, 
 itum, 2 : those uho are s.er in resource.^, 
 arms, power., qui plus opibus. armis, 
 potentia v., Cic. F'am. i, 7, 10 because 
 ( desar vas very s. in cavalry, quod 
 multum C. equitatu valebat, Caes. B. C. 
 
 1, 61, ad, med. To p^-ore the s.er, prae- 
 valeo : v. TO PREVAIL (I.). 2. poUeo, 
 possum : they are very s. by land and 
 sea. multum illi terra, plurimum mari 
 p., Liv. 1, 2?, ad fn. : v. influence 
 (subs., IV., phr.). Or expr. by sum with 
 adj. (V. STRONG). [For to be s. enough, 
 
 V. ABLE. TO be.] 
 
 strong, to become or grow : I. 
 
 To gain strength, in gen. sense : expr. 
 by fieri s. fieri coepisse with adj. (v. 
 strong). Phr.: the mve becomes s. 
 enough to bear the iceight, vitis vires 
 concipit et intra se pa,scit suffecturas 
 oneri, Plin. 17, 22, J5, } 17?. ||. To 
 recover strength after illness : valesco, j 
 (rare), Lucr. i, 941 (gjj). More usual 
 words are, revalesco, convalesco, etc. (v. 
 TO recover, B.). [For fig. sense, v. to 
 
 STRENGTHEN (II.), TO INCREASE (B.)] 
 
 , to make : firmo, eonfirmo, ro- 
 
 boro, corroboro : v. to strengthen (I.). 
 
 -bodied : validus : v. STRONG 
 
 (I.), effective (III.). 
 
 -boz : area : trtist to my s. (i 2. 
 
 to the money in it), arcae nostrae con- 
 fidito, Cic. Att. I, 9, 2: cf. Hor. S. i, I, 
 67. 
 
 -hold ; 1. arx : v. citadex. 
 
 2. castellum : v. fort. 
 
 strongly : I. Firmly (lit. and fig.) : 
 firme, firmlter, s61ide (only lit.); tena- 
 citer. etc. (v. firmly, throughout). ||, 
 Vehemently, powerfully : \, vehe- 
 
 menter: 1 see that the sea is surging s., 
 fluctuare video v. mare, Pi. Rud. 4, i, 
 12 : V. also vehemently, violently, 
 exceedingly. 2. valide : fluctuat 
 
 V. mare, id. Rud. 2, i, 14 : to favour one 
 very s., validissime alicui favere, Coel. 
 in Cic. Fam. 8, 2 : to oppose s., v. repug- 
 nare, id. Fam. I, 22 : to desire s.. cupere 
 v., Plin. Ep. 9, j;. 3. valde (contr. 
 from preced.") : v. much (adv., 3), great- 
 ly. 4. acrlter : to fight more s., 
 acrius pugnare, Cic. Fam. 10, jo, j: to 
 oppose verys., acen-ime resistere, id. Agr. 
 
 2. ji. 85: to rate very s., a. vituperare, 
 id. Att. 7, 5, 4 : V. also sharply, vigor- 
 ously. 5. fortiter : v. bravely. 
 
 6. grSviter, nervose (of speaking 
 or arguing): v. forcibly (II.). Phr.: 
 tn recommend one very s., aliquem dili- 
 gentissime commendare, id. Fam. 2, 17, 
 6 : v. also passionately. [N.B. — S. may 
 also be e.xpr. b.v a prep, in comp. : e. g. 
 to d-esire s., expetere : very s. fortified, 
 pemiunitus, Liv. (but cf. greatly, 
 extr.) : or by adj. (v. strong): or by 
 abl. of subs. : e. g. to resist as s. as pos- 
 sible, omnibus viribus repugnare, Cic] 
 
 Strong-minded : v. magnanimous, 
 resolute. 
 
 -smelling : graveSlens, gravis : 
 
 V. smelling (adj.. 111.). 
 
 strop : * lorum in quo novaculae 
 exacuantur. 
 
 Strophe : strCpha, ae, Macr. : M. L. 
 
 strow : V- to strew. 
 
 structure: |. /-a«' or plan of 
 arrangement and formation: \. ratio, 
 lex : V. PLAN. 2. conformatio : v. for- 
 JiATioN (11.). (.Structura = kind qfbuild- 
 ing ; and with ref. to words, arrange- 
 ment.') Phr.: to explain the s. of a 
 sentence, *docere quomodo [qua ratione, 
 lege] verba inter se cohaereant [con- 
 nectantur] : metrical «., numeri, Ellis 
 pref. Catul. (carmen .... hos habet nu- 
 
 meros). ||,^ That which is constructed f 
 
 1. compages. is,/.: v. framework. 
 
 2. slructura (an erection or build- 
 ing) : Vitr. 5, 12, 2. 3. aedificium 
 V. building. 4. an enormous «., 
 moles, is. /. : Hor. Od. 2, i;, 2 : cf Cic. 
 Mil. ;i, insanae substructionum moles. 
 
 Structural : P h r. : a s. defect, 
 *confonnationis vitium. 
 
 struggle ( I.) ■ I. To contend closely 
 or vigoi ously with any one or any thing ; 
 
 1. luctor, I (lit. to wrestle) : to s. 
 with any one, cum aliquo 1., Cic. SuU. 
 16 : poet, with dat. : to s. with death, 
 1. morti, Sil.: cf. Hor. Od. i, i, i;. 
 Comps. (I) colluctor, i (to s. tvith : 
 rare) : Col. : Gell. : (2) obluctor, 1 (to s. 
 against) : to s. against a current, flu- 
 mini ob., Curt. 4, 8: Col. Fig.; to s. 
 with difficulties, diflicuUatibus ob.. Curt. 
 6, 6. (3) eluctor, 1 (to s. out ; make a 
 way out by struggling) : with ace. : to 
 s. out of (the grasp of) strong hands, 
 validas manus e., Liv. 24, 26. 2, 
 pugno, I : V. TO fight; also, struggle 
 (subs.). Rarely with dat. : let us s. 
 against love, pugnemus amori, Ov. Her, 
 
 16 (17), 189: V. TO RESIST. 3. COn- 
 
 flictor, I (to be biought into collision 
 with) : to s. with adversity, c. cum ad- 
 versa fortuna, Nep. Pel. 5 : to have to s. 
 ivith so many disadvantages, tot incom- 
 modis c, Caes. B. G. 5, J5 : Tac. 4. 
 congrfidior, j : Join: luctari et con- 
 gredi cum aliquo, Cic. SuU. 16, fin. 
 5. obnitor, sus and xus, j : to s. 
 with adversity, adversis ob., Tac. ||, 
 To exert oneself greatly : 1. nttor, 
 sus and xus, j : usu. foil, by ut and 
 subj. : v. TO strive. Strengthened, con- 
 nitor : (infants) s. to get upon their feet, 
 connituntur ut sese erigant, Cic. Fin. 5, 
 i;, 42 : also foil, by ad and ger. : Tac. : 
 Curt. 2. contendo, di, tum, j : they 
 s.d (hard) to board the enemies' ships, 
 summa vi transcendere in hnstium naves 
 contendebant, Caes. B. G. j, 15. Join: 
 eniti et contendere, Cic. ; (id) contendere 
 et laborare, Caes. 3. pugno. 1 : s. hard 
 for that '. illud pugna [et eiiitere], Cic 
 Fam. J, 10 : he s.s to overcome sleep, p. 
 evincere somnos, Ov. M. i, 68; (poet, 
 constr.). 4. luctor, i : to s. to restrain 
 a laugh, risum composcere 1., Ov. Her. 
 16 (17), 161. Ill, To strain oneself 
 convulsively ; perh. nixor, 1 : Virg. Aen. 
 5, 279 (al. nexantem). See also to 
 
 SFKAIN. 
 
 struggle (subs.') : I. A severe con- 
 test : 1. (acris, atrox) pugna, certa- 
 men, etc. : v. combat, contest. 2, 
 expr. by impers. pass, of pugnft i : 
 there was a sharp, an obstinate s., acriter, 
 atrociter pugnatuni est: Caes.: Liv.: 
 to carry on a hand tn hand s., cominns 
 (instare atque) pugnare, cf. Caes. B. 0. 
 I, 58, and Sail. Cat. 60. 3. luctiitio 
 (lit. wrestling): Cic. Ac. 2, 14, init.: 
 cf. Liv. 21, j6, med., where it is used 
 of men struggling to get footing on 
 a slippery incline (luctamen, poet.). 
 II, A desperate effort : expr. by 
 verb : V. to struggle (II.). 
 
 strumous : strumosus : v. scro- 
 fulous. 
 
 strumpet : scortum (coarse term), 
 meretrix : v. prostitute. 
 
 strut (I-'-) ■■ 1. expr. by incedo, ssi, 
 ssuni, J (with some qualifying word) : 
 see .' yonder he s.s along, ipse, en, ille .... 
 magnifice incedit, Liv. 2, 6, ad fin. : 
 cf. magnifici incedunt, Sail. Jug. ji: 
 and, superbus .... incedis, Hor. Epod. 
 15, 18. Siml}\ PI. has, se infene: see 
 the rascal, how he s.s along '. v\d.e igna- 
 vom, ut sese infert, PI. Mil. 4. 2, 55. 
 
 2. perh. nitor, j (to denote the 
 " tragic strut ") : cf. Hor. A. P. 280, 
 niti cothumo. (Jactare sese, to maJce a 
 display ; do anything ostentatiously.) 
 
 strut (subs.) : perh. *incessus magni- 
 ficus : incessus qualis sese jactantium 
 [superbientium] solet esse. 
 
 Stubble : stipiila : V. straw, a f. 
 field, ager i^demessus et] stipulis horrens 
 (R. and A.). 
 
 stubbly : * stipnKs horrens. 
 
 stubborn : 1. pervicax (from
 
 STUBBORNLY 
 
 STUDY 
 
 STUFF 
 
 Tinco : determined on carrying ont's 
 point) : to be of so $. a temper . . . , 
 adeo p. animo esse, Ter. Hec. 4, i, 17 ■ 
 tmen) of s. daring, persistent hopf, 
 pervicaci audacia, pertinaci spe, Apul. : 
 I'ac. 2. pertiiiax: v.obstinatf.. 3. 
 refractarlus (rare) : Join: contumax 
 ac refraclariiis. Sen. Kp. 7}. init. 4. 
 coDtuniax (^stiff-necked ; defiant and un- 
 yielding) : arrogance and s. temjter, 
 arrogaiitia et c. animii!^ Tac. A. 5, i. 
 Kac«te: o s. syltable (not lilting into 
 verse), c. syllaba. Mart. 9. 11, I2. 
 
 stubbornly : 1. pervIcacUer : liiv. : 
 Tac. 2. obstinate, pertlnaclter : v. 
 
 FntHLY, OBSriNATELV. 3. ContUIDa- 
 
 clter : Cic. : Liv. ( For syn. v. stubborn). 
 
 stubbornness : pervlcucia, pertU 
 nacia nimiai'. pruva, obstiiiatusanin)iis: 
 V. OBSTiNACV. Also contumacia (strictly 
 of stubborn resistance combined vith 
 insolence) : persistent s. of oxen, c. per- 
 vicax boum, Col. 
 
 stucco : nearest word tectorium 
 
 (opus) : V. PLASTER. 
 
 stud (subs.) : I. A kind of fasten- 
 ing : perh. clavus, clavulus: v. sail. 
 II, Collection of horses : 1. eqiiarla 
 (lierd of horses) : Varr. K. R. 2, pro'>eni. 
 fin. 2. equitium (= preced. : rare): 
 Ulp. Dig. 6, I, I. 3. usu. better e.xpr. 
 by phr. : to keep a s., equoa pascere ; 
 genus equiiium cducare ; equinum pecus 
 alere : cf. Col. 6, 27 : to have a s. of 
 thoroughbreds, •ruasnum numerum ge- 
 nerosorura eqnoruni alere. 
 
 stud ("•) ■■ cbiefly in p. part., studded : 
 distinguo, nxl, nctum, j (to adoi-n, set 
 tff; as vith jevels, etc.): the sky s.'d 
 ^irith stars, coelum astris distlnctum [et 
 omatum], Cic. N. 1). 2, ?7, fin. In sim. 
 tense, coelum aCellis fulgentibus aptuni, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, f^i. Studded may also 
 be expr. by creber : robes s.'d loith 
 jewels, 'creber gemniis omatus. 
 
 student : I. '" g^n- sense, rme 
 who studies any subject regularly : 
 Phr. : Oft ardent s., (homo) summe om- 
 nium doctrinarum studiosus. Cic. Fani. 
 4, }, med. ; a s. of music, law, rhetoric, 
 (homo) musices, juris, rhetorices stu- 
 diosus (v. DEVOTED TO) : t" he a s. of 
 medicine, medicinae studere, Quint. 7, 2, 
 17 : Cic: to be a s. of the laws nf nature, 
 omnium renim vim naturam causasque 
 nosse studere, Cic. de Or. i, 49, 212: to 
 be a s. of literature, studium operamque 
 in literas conferre, cf. id. Off. i, 5, 19: 
 Uteris incuinbere : v. to devote (one- 
 self). II. Technically, a student at the 
 university : *sch61aris, scholasticus(late 
 and bad): Stat. Acad. Cant. p. 65. Stu- 
 dents in arts, law, medicine, *studiosi ar- 
 tiam, juris, medicinae, ib. pp. 42, 4J : Kr. 
 gives also, *acadeniiae civis (e Rulmk.). 
 Pbr.: tobea s. at the uji iversity, *literis 
 in academia operaui dare, navare ; lite- 
 rarum causa in academia versari, Herm. 
 (Kr.). [N. B. — ThK use of studiosus, 
 without 'Upend, gen., is late; but occurs 
 in Plin. Ep. 5. ;, i, as the title of a worii 
 by the Klder I'liny, " The Stddent."] 
 
 studied (part, adj.): 1. medi- 
 latus (opp. subitus, extemporaneous ; 
 also of actions, deliberate) : s. injwies, 
 quae meditata et praeparata inferuntur, 
 Cic. Off. I, 8, 27: s. speech, m. oratio, 
 Plin. 26, J, 7. Join: meditatus et 
 cogitatus; accuratus et meditatus, Cic. 
 2. commenlatus: Cic. Br. 88, ;oi. 
 3. exquisitus (carefully sought 
 out) : more (carefully) s. language, ex- 
 quisittora v.rba. Quint, ii, i. 5'}. Join: 
 accuratius et e.xquisitius dicendi genus, 
 Cic. Phr. : s. insults, quae oonsulto et 
 I'ogitate fiunt contumeliae, cf. Cic. Off. i, 
 8,27. _ 
 
 studio : * offlcina seminariiuu s. 
 siboU pictorum (Kr.). 
 
 Studious: I. />Mirou,«: stt'idlosus, 
 cupidus: v. i-ond, DEStnous. ||. liii'en 
 to study: suidiis literarum deditus; 
 literarum (summe) studiosus; qui mag- 
 :iopere(veheraenter)in literas incumbit: 
 V, TO devote (oneself). 
 
 studiously : stfidiosg (idth zeal and 
 oiie): Cic. .See also sTUDioiJS. 
 
 otudy (su6s.) : I, Close applica- 
 
 tion of the mind : 1. stiidium (defined 
 by Cic. Inv. i, 25, j*), as, a-sidua ac 
 vehemens, ad aliquem rem applicata. 
 magna cum voluptaie occupalio, eager 
 derofimi of the mind) : to devote one's t. 
 to anything, alicui rei s. dare, Cic. Fam. 
 4, ?, ad fin. : studium [atque operam] 
 ponere iii aliqua re, id. Fin. I, init. : 
 s. iu aliqua re collocare, ib. Q. Fr. 1,1, 10. 
 2. meditatio. study (combined with 
 practice, or exercise ; esp. by nay nf pre- 
 paration ) : to orerrome a natural defect 
 by s. and practice, naturae vitiuin medi- 
 tatione atque exercitatione tollere, Cic. 
 Div. 2, 46,9^: s. of speaking, ni. dicendi, 
 Quint. 2, 10, 2. 3. commentatlo 
 
 (careful application of the mind to any- 
 thing) : subjects prepared unth mucli s. 
 and practice, locos multa c. atque medi- 
 uuioiie parafos, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, fi8. 
 Phr.: to yi\x careful s. to anything, 
 animum defigere et intendere in aliquam 
 rem, id. Ac. 2, 15.46: animum (mentem) 
 ad aliquam rem applicare, cf. Cic. Inv. 
 1, 25. ?6 : animum iu aliqua re occupare, 
 cf. Ter. Hec. lYol. i, 4. See also to 
 .STUDT. II. Literary : stfidium : with 
 depend, gen. : very oft. pi. : learned and 
 refined s., studium doclrinae atque hu- 
 raanitatis, Cic Coel. 10, J4: cf. Id. Sen. 
 14, 49, pabulum studii atque doctrinae 
 (hendiadys) : more fully, studia d<K:- 
 triiiao, ib. { ;o and by another hen- 
 diadys, studia atque literae, id. Att. 8, 
 1 1 : cultureii by liberal s.s, bonis s. atque 
 artibus expolitus, id. (Xizol.): to devote 
 oneself to s. or repose, se studiis vel otio 
 tradere, Plin. Kp. i, 9. 7 : our city is now 
 ilistinguished for liberal s.s, urbs nostra 
 llberalibus s. floret, ib. i, 10, i7iit. : 
 I am glad that liberal s.s thrive, juvat 
 me quod vigent s., ib. I, ij, init : to 
 luive recourse to s. as one's only consola- 
 tion, ad tmicum doloris levamentum 
 studia confugere, ib. 8, 19, i (see also 
 
 TO DEVOTE ONESELF). P b T. : tO pa$t all 
 
 one's time in s., omne tenipiis inter 
 piigillares [note-books] ac libellos trans- 
 miltere, id. 9, 6, init. : to be engaged in 
 s., libris. Uteris vacare (late), lb. }, 5. I>. 
 Ill, A room devoted to the purposes of 
 study : 1. best word perh. bibliSlheca : 
 cf. Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 8, parieti ejus [cubi- 
 culi] in bibliothecae speciem (like a 
 library or study) armarium insertum 
 est, quod non legendos lilnos sed lecti- 
 tandos capit (a book-case holding a few 
 books for repeated perusal). 2. m 
 certain connexions, umbracillum (when 
 tlie study of a man of letters is contrasted 
 with the publicity of active life) : cf. 
 Cic. Br. 9, J7, processerat in solem et 
 
 pulverem e I'heophrasti, doctissimi 
 
 lioniiiiis umbraculis : so umbra, Tac. A. 
 14, 5!, studia in umbra educata (in the 
 privacy of the study). Hence, umbra- 
 tilis, umbraiicus (belonging to privacy, 
 to one's private study) : in-d/nrrs prac- 
 tice (of speaking) in the s., exercitatio 
 domesiica et umbratilis, Cic. de Or. i. 
 ?4, 157 : letters compose'l in the s., 
 literae [ut ita dicam] umbraticae, Plin. 
 Kp. 9, 2', ?. 3. Miiseum, Gr. 'Movaelov 
 (place devoted to the .Muses, i. e. to lite- 
 rature, art) : Suet. CI. 42 : Plin. 4. for 
 this Capit. has studium : M. Aur. 26 
 (" Studia appellat loia in quibus eruditi 
 conveniebantjConimunicaturi de studiis,' 
 Ca.'aub. a. 1). 5. perh. sludiorum de- 
 versoriura (as descriptive term ; not a 
 proper appellative): cf. Cic. Ph. 2, 41, 
 104. (Conclave Uteris, doctis studiis 
 colendls destinatum ; Kr.) 
 
 Study (i') •■ |. 'I'o apply the mind 
 to anything, pursue it as an object : 
 1, stfideo, ui, 2 (to dei'ote oneself to 
 anything: usu. with dat.): to s. any 
 art, arti alicui s., Cic. Fara. 4, ? : to s. 
 law, juri et legibus cognoscendis s., id. 
 Uep. J, J : to s. pecuniary advantage, 
 glory, etc., pecuniae, gloriae s , id. Fin. 
 I, 18, 60. Also foil, by ace. and inf.: 
 to s. to excel, s. sese praestare. Sail. Cat. 
 init. : and by in and ace. (Infreq.) : 
 to s. (aim at) one point only, in id solum 
 8., Quint. 10, 2, 6. 2. incumbo, cu- 
 
 bui, Itum. J. v. TO DEVOTE (111.). 3. 
 
 comraentor, i (to think carefully over. 
 
 esp. in the way uf tyttematic study): 
 they (children) begin to s. and learn 
 something, incipiuni c. ali<,uid et dls- 
 cere. Cic Fin. 5, 15,42: that I'v should 
 
 togetlier s. the method ui inur nos 
 
 commentemur, qua ratione. . ., ijic. F'am. 
 4, b, fin. 4, mfditor, i : / was s.mg 
 something and taking notes, meditabar 
 aliquid enotabamque, Plin. Ep. i, 6, i. 
 Phr.: he s.'d rhetoric under Molo, • Mo- 
 lone rhetorices magistro usus e*t. ||, 
 To inquire into carefully .• 1. in- 
 
 quiro, quisivi, itum, j : v. to ENQCtRB 
 INTO. 2. exqniro, } : v. TO SEAKCH 
 
 OUT. 3. cognosce, nOvl, nitum, { 
 
 (to make oneself acquamteA u.-ith) : 
 he sets out for Egypt, to s. its anti- 
 quities, Aegypium proticihcltur. cog- 
 noscenilae aiiliquilalis, Tac. A. I, 59: 
 to s. and Uarn (find out by s.) 
 the causes of things, rerum c causas, 
 Virg. 4. expr. by studere no.sse (to 
 seelc to know): Cic. de Or. i, 49, 11 1 
 (qui stndeat .omnium rerum vim, natu- 
 ram causa.sque nosse). |||. 7b Minit 
 over and prepare (a speech, etc.) for 
 delivery : 1. commentor, i : to deliver 
 what he had s.'d, quae commentatua 
 esset reddere, Cic. Br. 88, jci : p part. 
 in pass, sense: v. .stcdied. 2. mf- 
 ditor, I (including the act of committing 
 to tnemory and rehearsing): to s. one's 
 brief, causam m., Cic. .\tt. 8, 11, extr.: 
 to s. an accusation (speech for prosecu- 
 tion), accusationem m., id. Mur. 21, 4} : 
 p. part, in pass, sense : v. studied. 
 See also to meditate, 3. l>aro, i : v. 
 TO frepabe. IV. In trans.; to be 
 engaged in literary pursuits: \, 
 
 stadeo, 2 (not used, however, in the best 
 authors without object expressed): v. 
 supr. (I.). In later age, abgol.: I re- 
 plied, that I would rather s., respoudi 
 studere me mallf, Plin. Kp. 6. 16, 7 : et 
 pass. [N.B.— Studere Uteris, as in Cic. 
 = to devote oneself to literature: stud- 
 ere, absol. as in Plin. min., precisely = 
 Eng. to s.] 2. by night (by candle- 
 light), lucubro, I : Cels. i, 2. med. : Cic. 
 (but as lucubro strictly denolfs to bum 
 candle-light, we have atudendi causa 
 lucubrare, Plin. Ep. j, 5. 8]. 3. 
 
 expr. by circiiml., studia exercere; ad 
 studia incuinbere ; artes studiaque c<>- 
 lere; doctrinae, studiis se dcdere; Uter- 
 is et optimis disciplinis studere : Kr. e 
 Cic (all which phrr. refer to continued 
 a7id systematic s., not temporary occu- 
 pation in such pursuits). Phr.: to s. 
 incessantly, nunquam doclrinae studia 
 intermittere, Cic. Or. 10, j.\: to s. at a 
 university, * literarum studiis in Acade- 
 mia operam dare, Herm. (Kr.): to t. 
 under any one. 'aliquo studiorum ma- 
 gistro uti: or, with ref. to philosophical 
 lectures, audire aliquem [e.g. Plat«nem], 
 Cic. de Or. j, 18, 67. 
 
 Stuff (*«^s.): I. Substance, male- 
 rial: materia: v. material. Phr.: 
 he is made of the right sort of s., inest in 
 hoc amnssitata sua sibi ingenua induleN 
 Plant. ."Mil. }, 1, 57 : whose hearts he 
 moulded of better *„ quibus meliore luto 
 finxlt praecordia, Juv. 14, 14. ||. 
 Hoitsehold goods and chatleis : stipellex. 
 lectins,/.; v. furxitcre. |||. Bag- 
 gage (Tiae) : impedimenta, sarclnae : v. 
 baggage. IV- Woven fabric : 1. 
 textile, is, n. : Liv. 45. ',>. 2. '-eitum 
 I poet.) : a piece of coarse s., textum rude, 
 Ov. Met. 8. 641. 3. t^la; ^'<'- Verr. 
 4, 26, 59 : Ov. : Ter. V. Trash : nugae, 
 gerrae, Plant: doctor's s.. m&liiamentft, 
 pi. : v. DRUGS : garden s., Olus, Sris, n. : 
 
 V. VEGETABLES. 
 
 Stuff (»0: L farcio, si, turn. 4: 
 a cushion S.'d with rote-leares, pulvlnua 
 rcteji fartus, Cic. Verr. 5, 11. 27 : a weasel's 
 paunch s.'d n-itii coriander, mustelae ven- 
 triculus coriaiidro fartus, Plin. 29. 4, 16 : 
 s.ing themselves (withlooil) beyimd their 
 capacity, se ultra quam capiunl far- 
 cientcs, S<'n. Kp. 108: A« ordered rags 
 tube s.'d into his mouth, in os paunos 
 farciri iniperavit. Sen. ira ?, 19. 2. 
 efferclo or elTarcio, no perf. fertum, 4 
 (rare) : s. yourselves, e. vos, Fl. Most, l, 
 I, 62. 3 infercio or infarcio, si, sum, 
 809
 
 S 1 U F F I N G 
 
 STU PO R 
 
 STYPTIC 
 
 4 (to s. in') : }i£ fills up chinks, as it were, 
 by s.iiig iii uonis, inferciens verba quasi 
 rimas explet, Cic. Or. 69, 2ji. 4. le- 
 fercio, si, turn, 4 to s. books with childish 
 stories, r. libros puerilibus fabulis, id. 
 N. D. I, ij, J4. 5. s^gino, I : v. to 
 CRAM. 6. compleo, expleo, impleo, 
 repleo, stlpo : v. to fill. 7. farciuo, 
 I : Mart. Cap. 8. sufFarclno, i (in 
 perf. part.) : s.'d ivith books, sufFarciiiati 
 cum libris, Plaut. Cure. 2, j, 10 : Ter. 
 To s. up : obturo, I , oppilo : v. to stop up. 
 Phr. : s.'d irithfood. tumidi, Hor Epod. 
 6, 61 : s.'d full, offarcinatus : Ten.; s.'d 
 with forcemeat, insiciatus : Apic. 
 
 StufUng : I. 'J'he act : 1. sagina 
 (tt «. with food) : Plaut. : Cic. : Tac. 
 
 2. saginatio: Plin. ||, Anything 
 s.'d in: 1. tomentum (J or cushiotis, 
 etc.) : he ki-pt himself alive more than 
 eight days by cliewivg the s. from his 
 couch, mandendo e cubili tomento nonum 
 ad diem se detiuuit, I'ac. A. 6, 2j. 2. 
 fartum (in cookery): Plin.: impensa 
 (for sausages) : Am. 3. insicia, and 
 insicium : Apic. : v. pobcemeat. 
 
 Stultifr: to i. oneself : *stultitiae 
 searguere: *stultiim, ab.surdam, incon- 
 stantiam prae se fene. 
 
 Stumble («"6s-): |. Lit. : 1. 
 
 pedis offeusio : Cic. Div. 2, 40, 84 : Plin. 
 
 2. pes offensus. Tib. i, j, 20: Ov. 
 
 Met. 10. 452. 3. lapsus: v. fall. 
 
 II, Fig.: 1. offensio ; that we 
 may not be hindered by even a slight 
 stagger or s., ut ne pacvula quidem titu- 
 batione aut o. impediremur, Auct. Her. 
 2,8,12. 2. offensatio : s.s of memory, 
 memoriae o.. Sen. Ben. 5, 25. 
 
 Stumble (i>) •■ |. L i t. : 1, of- 
 fendo, di, sum, j (lit. to strike against) : 
 who is so lynx-eyed as not to s. in siich 
 utter darkness f quis est tani lynci-us qui 
 in tantistenebris nihil offendai .' Cic. Fam, 
 9, 2, 2 : your foot gave learning by s.ing 
 on tlie threshold, pes tuus nffenso limine 
 BJgna dedit,Ov. Her. ij, 88. 2. labor: 
 V. TO FALL. II, Fig.: to s. upon: 
 incldo, cidi, casum, j : I s.d on the man 
 quite unexpectedly, honiini praeter opi- 
 nionem iniproviso incidi, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 
 74, 182 : V. TO FALL IN WITH. 
 
 stumbler : offensator : used fig. 
 Quint. 10, i, 20. 
 stumbling-block: 1, offensio: 
 
 no s., nihil offensionis, Cic. Tim. 6. 2. 
 offeudictilum : only found in Plin. 9, 1 1 . 
 
 3. mora (^hindrance) : to be a s. in 
 the way of his ending, etc., esse in mora 
 quominus .... tiniret, Liv. jo, 44. 4. 
 Impedimen turn : Caes. B. C. j, 1 7. Join: 
 mora et i., Liv. 21,9. 5. scandiilum 
 (a teiaptation) : Vulg. i Cor. i. 2 j : IVrt. : 
 or expr. by verbs labefacio, labefacto : 
 
 V. OVERTHROW. 
 
 stump : no exact equiv. : expr. by 
 adj. truncus : e. g. the s. of an arm, tr. 
 humeri : stipgs, itis, m., a trunk or 
 post (cf. Ov. Fast. 2, 642), and (sectus) 
 caudex, icis, m. (cf. Virg. Georg. 2, jo), 
 are nearest to our «. of a tree. Phr.: 
 s. orator, contionator, Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 9. 
 
 stun: I. Lit.: no active verb: 
 to be s.'d : \, sopior, 4 : he was so 
 struck by a stone that he was s.'d, im- 
 pactus ita est a saxo ut sopiretur, Liv. 8, 
 6: cf. id. 42, 16. 2. stupeo, ui, 2 : v. 
 STCPEFT. II. Fig. : 1. stupefacio, 
 O'-Stupgfacio . V. STUPEFV (II.). 2. 
 
 attSno, ui, i (rare) • Ov. Met. }, ;j2. 3. 
 consterno, perterrgfacio : v. to wsmav. 
 
 4. perturbo, confundo : v. to be- 
 wilder : stunned, attouitus : Liv. lo, 
 29, med. : afflictus : s.'d with grief, a. 
 luctu, Cic. Phil. 9. 5 : a. moerore, id. 
 Cat 1, 2: s.'d with fear, perterritus : 
 Cic. : concussus : s.'d by bitter hap, casu 
 c. acerbo, Virg. Aen. 5, 700 : s.'d by 
 fear, c. metu mentem, ib. 1 2, 468 : ful- 
 minatus, Petr. 8, 7 : (v. prighteked). 
 Join : obstupefactus et p., Cic. Cat. 2, 7. 
 
 III, To veary the ears by loud talk- 
 ing : 1, obtundo. tiidi, tiisum, } . with 
 anres. Cic. Or. 66, 221 : absol., Ter. Andr. 
 2, 2, II. 2. tundo, tiitiidi, tunsum or 
 tiisum, J : Plaut. I'oen. i, j, 25 : u s.'d by 
 iiuxssant cries, assiduis tunditur voci- 
 bu8, Virg. Aen. 4, 448. 
 
 810 
 
 stunt : no exact equiv. : * natu- 
 ram. incremeiitum, alicujus impedire, 
 opprimere : to be s'd, * male crevisse : 
 s.'d, imniinutus, cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46. 
 
 stupefaction : 1. stupor : s. over- 
 u'heims the eyes, oculos s. urgnet, Virg. 
 (ieorg. }, 52 J. Fig.: 5. and consequent 
 silence kept the others in their seats, s. et 
 silentium inde caeteros defixit, Liv. 6, 
 40. 2. torpor: V. numbnes-s. 
 
 stupefy : no active verb in lit. sense : 
 
 1. stupeo, ui, 2 {to be s.'d): lit., 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 36, 95 : Plin. 27, 2, 2 : fig., 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 2j, ./m. .- Liv. 6, j8 : and 
 poets. 2. obstiipesco, ui, } : the body 
 is s.'d, corpus o., Plin. 36, 7, ii; bees 
 are s.'d, apes o., Varr. H. R. j, 16. 
 Fig.: to s., obstijpefacio, feci, factum, 
 J : he s.'d the foe by the very miracle of 
 his bolJness, ipso miraculo audaciae o. 
 hostes, Liv. 2, 10. 3. stiipgfacio : esp. 
 in part. perf. : you are s.'d at the sight 
 of your own shape, spectas tuam stupe- 
 facta figuram, Ov. Her. 14, 97. 4. per- 
 turbo: v. TO BEWILDER. 5. cousterno: 
 v. TO DISMAV. 6. exanimo ■ v. to kill. 
 stupefied : torpens : s. by fear, t. metu, 
 Liv. 28, 29 : obstupidus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 
 J9 : btupidus: Auct. Her. 4, 52, 65 : v. 
 STUN, IJ. STUNNED: to be S.'d: obstu- 
 pesco, stupesco, Cic. ■ torpeo : / am 
 utterly s.'d, totus t., Plaut. Am.i, i, 179: 
 they are all s.'d as it uxre both in mind 
 and body by fear, stupor omnium animos 
 ac velut torpor insolitus membra tenet, 
 Liv. 9, 2. 
 
 _ stupendous : permims, Cic. : admi- 
 ralijlis: s. impudence, a. inipudentia, 
 Cic. Phil. J, 7, 18: mirissimus, immanis. 
 ingentissinius : v. wonderful, marvel- 
 lous, VAST, HUGE. 
 
 stupendously : admirabi liter : mi- 
 randum in mOdum, Cic. : immane 
 quantum. 
 
 stupid : 1. stSUdus : no stone is 
 more s. than this man, nullum hoc sto- 
 lidius est saxum, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, jj: 
 s. self-confidence, s. fiducia, Liv. 34, 46. 
 
 2. stupldus : a s. husband, s. ma- 
 ritus. Mart. II, 7. 3. tardus: Join: 
 Zopyrus said that Socrates was s., Z. 
 stnpidum esse Socralem dixit et b., Cic. 
 Fat. ;, 10. 4. hebes, etis (dull) : 
 annoyances have made me s., nie h. mo- 
 lestiae reddiderunt, Cic. Alt. 9, 17, 2: 
 s. as a beast, aeque hebes ac pecus, 
 poet, in Cic. Div. I, 22, 45. Join: ob- 
 tusi et hebetes, Cic Frag. 5. stullus 
 (gen. term): v. foolish. 6. socors, 
 dis : a s. disposition, s. ingenium, Tac. A. 
 IJ, 47. Join: stolidi ac s., Liv. 9, 34. 
 
 7. amens : rare in this sense : see 
 Cic. Verr. Act. i, 3, 7, and ib. ^ 5. 
 
 8. fatuus : v. SILLY. 9. biiitus : 
 V. IRRATIONAL. 10. obtuSUS : V. DULL. 
 
 11. desipiens, insipiens; v. foolish, 
 UNWISE. 12, ineptus (in bad taste), 
 inconsultus, impriidens (indiscreet), may 
 be used with reference to particular 
 actions. 13. insulsus (insipid, of 
 
 speeches, etc.) : Cic. 14, laevus : hoiv 
 s. I am ' ego 1., Hor. A. P. 301. 
 Phr.: s. as a post, stipes, Ter. Heaut. 
 5, I, 4 : asinus may be similarly used. 
 
 stupidity ; 1. sttlpor : hut mark 
 the s. of the man, or, I should say, the 
 beast, sed s. hominis vel dicam pecudis 
 attendite, Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30. 2. stii- 
 piditas : astonishing s., incredibilis s., 
 Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 80. 3. stultitia: v. 
 folly. 4. tarditas and tarditas in- 
 genii : v. SLOWNESS. 5. socordia : 
 
 whenever she charged any one with s. 
 she would say he teas a greater fool than 
 her son Claudius, si quem socordiae ar- 
 gueret stultiorem aiebat filio suo CI., 
 Suet. Claud. ;. 6. amentia : v. mad- 
 ness. 7. *Stuitas. 8. stoliditas (late;. 
 9. insulsitas: v. insipidity. To act 
 with s., stulte facere, Plaut. Most, i, 3, 
 20 : insulse f., Cic. Att. 15. 4. 
 
 stupidly : 1. stollde : Liv. 2. 
 stulte : Plaut. : Liv. : Cic. 3. 'nf^i- 
 pienter : Plaut. : Cic. 4. inepte : Hor. : 
 Cic. 5. insulse : Cic. For shades of 
 meaning, v. stupid. 
 
 stupor : stiipor : torpor : v. STUPE- 
 FACTION : lethargia : v. i.kthargy. 
 
 sturdily : 1. constanter : Caes. : 
 Cic. : Hor. : Suet. 2. fiime Cic. : 
 
 Suet.: yuint. 3. fortlter : Cic. : Caes. : 
 Hor. 4. pertinaciter, obsHnate (stub- 
 bornly): Suet. 5. fidenter, confidenter: 
 Cic. 6, audacter (boldly) : Caes. : Cic. : 
 Liv. 
 
 sturdiness : |. L i t. : 1. fir- 
 mitas : Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 6}. 2. vires, 
 ium,/. : V. .strength. ||. Fig.: ro- 
 bur : fortitiido : constantia : firmitas : 
 confidentia : fidentia : aiidiicia : v. 
 
 strength, firmness, resolution, CON- 
 FIDENCE. 
 
 sturdy : |. L i t. : strong, stout^ 
 hard : 1. validus : a s. old oak, v. 
 annoso robore quercus, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 447- 2. firmus: a s. tree, f. arbor, 
 Ov. A. A. 2, 652. 3. robustus : a s. 
 deh-er, r. fossor, Virg. Georg. 2, 264 : a 
 large and s. frame, corpore ampio et r., 
 Suet. Tib. 68. 4. fortis : s. oxen, tauri 
 f.. Virg. G. I, 65. II. Fig.: resolute, 
 obstinate : 1, fortis : it is the charac- 
 teristic of a s. and self-possessed man 
 not to be bewildered in critical circum- 
 stances, fortis et constantis est non per- 
 turbari in rebus asperis, Cic. Off. i, li, 
 80. 2. robustus : characteristics of a 
 more s. villany, quae robustioris impro- 
 bitatis sunt, id. Phil. 2, 25,63. Join: 
 r. et stabilis : s. courage, r. et st. forti- 
 tudo, id. Tusc. 4, 23. 3. obstinatus, 
 pervicax : v. stubborn. 4. fidens : v. 
 
 CONFIDENT. 5. impiVldUS : V. FEAR- 
 
 LESS. 
 
 sturgeon : idpenser, gris and aci- 
 pensis, is, m. : Linn.: Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 43. 
 
 stutter (subs.) : OS balbum : cf. Hor 
 Ep. 2, I. 126. With a s., balbe : Lucr. 5, 
 
 1022 : V. STAMMER (SUbs.), IMPEDIMENT. 
 
 Stutter (^0 •■ balbutio, 4, titiibo, i, 
 
 friglltlo, 4 : V. TO STAMMER. 
 
 stutterer : balbus (adj.) : V. STAM- 
 MERER. 
 
 Sty: \. Pen for sivine : 1. hara: 
 brought from a s. not a school, Epicurus 
 noster ex h. productus non e schola, 
 Cic. Pis. 16, 37. 2. sulle : Col. 7, 9, 14. 
 II, A tumour in the eyelid : 1. 
 hordeolus : Marc. Empir. 8. 2 crithe, 
 /. .- Cels. 7, 7. 
 
 style ('*"'»■•) ■■ I. Lit.: Instrument 
 for writing on waxen tablets : stilus : . 
 often use the upper end of the s. (i. e. 
 erase), saepe stilum vertas, Hor. Sat. 1, 
 10, 73 : cf. Cic. V'err. 2, 41, loi. ||. 
 Fig: kinil or manner. 1, genus, 
 eris. n. (esp. of speaking or writing). 
 Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 4: id. Off. I, l, j, etc.: 
 Quint. 10, I, 94, etc.: «. of food, cibi g., 
 Caes. B. G. 4, i : s. of fighting, s. 
 pugnae, ib. i, 48 : in the ancient s. of 
 (mured) architecture, antiquae struc- 
 turae genere, Liv. 22, 11. 2. stilus 
 (only of writing, etc.): Plin. Ep. i, 8: 
 Suet. Tib. 70. [N.B.— Used of indivi- 
 duals, NOT of nations or communities.] 
 3, oratio (s. of oratory) : with qua- 
 lifying at/j. ; Quint. 10, I, 81 : Cic. Oral. 
 20, 66, etc. 4. sermo, onis, to. (of 
 language): Cic. Att. 7, j: Quint. 10, i, 
 82: Plin. Ep. I, 10. 5. ratio,/.: new 
 s.s of warfare, novae rationes bellandi, 
 Caes. B. C. 3, 50: v. method, kind. 
 6. filum (of speech): a subtle s. 
 of argument, tenue f. argumentandi, 
 Cic. Or. 36, 124. 7. nios, nioris, m. ; 
 V. FASHION. 8. habitus, us, TO. (of 
 dress or appearance) : s. of dress, vestis 
 h., Liv. 24, 5, init. : s. of face, h. oris, 
 ib. ad fin. 9. modus : v. way, 
 
 MANNER. 
 
 style (I'O ■■ appello, I : Cic. : Caes. . 
 Liv. nuncUpo, i : Cic. : Suet. : nomino, 
 I : Cic. ; voco, i : Cic. : Hor. : dico, 3 : 
 poet., and Quint. : v. to call, to name. 
 
 stylish : magniOcus, epgciosus : v. 
 
 SHOWY, FASHIONABLE. 
 
 StvDtic : 1. medicamentum quod 
 sanguinem sisiit, cf. Plin. 20, 7, 25 : or, 
 quod sanguinem cobibet, cf. id. 22, 25. 
 
 71. 2. astrictorius (as^.n<7en() ■ P'iii- 
 24, IJ, 71: App. Barb. Herb. 25, men- 
 tions a plant called " haemostasis," hav- 
 ing th? power of stopping hemorrhages 
 through its astringent quality. 3, 
 stypticuB: Plin 24, 13, 73.
 
 SUASION 
 
 SUBJECTION 
 
 SUBMISSIVE 
 
 suasion : suSsio, Cic. : suasus, us 
 (tbo latter chiefly in abl. or ace. after 
 prfp.) : by force or by $., per \ira vel 
 per suasum, Ulp. : see alio persua- 
 sion. 
 
 suavity ; RimvitHs, atis, /. .• «. of 
 
 spu'ch and maniiera, s. sermoiium atque 
 niorum, Cic. Am. i8, 66. Join: sua- 
 vitas et dulcedo, Plin. ; v. pleasant- 
 
 NESS, AGREEABLKNKSS. 
 
 subaltern (a<0.)- inffirior, sgcund- 
 us: V. .st;n<iRiHNATK. 
 
 subaltern (s"fc.) •• I. MH't- «■ '• •• 
 
 av officer Mmr Vie rank oj captain : 
 optio : Varr. L. L. 5, 91 : (cl. is adjulor 
 dabatur centniioni a tribuno niilituin, 
 Kest. s. v.). 2. succenturio : Liv. 8, 
 8. II, Gen. : one who acts uiidi-r 
 avoUier : minister : cf. Tac. Agr. 8, } : 
 
 V. SUBOKDINATK. 
 
 subdivide : expr. by divldo. j . 
 partior, 4: partio, 4 distribuo, }: v. 
 TO DIVIDE. (N.B. — Nor sulxlivido. etc.) 
 
 subdivision : |. '/'/i« process .- 
 
 *exactior paititio: *f.\aclior, subtillor, 
 divisio. II. The part : pars, rtis, /. : 
 there is another division ivhich again 
 falls naturalli/ into three s.s, altera est 
 divisio, qnae in tres p. et ipsa discedit, 
 Cjuint. 12, 10, 58: each emotion has se- 
 veral s.s of the same h-ind, singulis per- 
 torbationibus p. I'jusdem generis subjic- 
 iuntur, Cic. Tusc. 4, 7. 16. 
 
 subdue: I. ^0 "'«''^« subject: 
 
 1. subjicio, ? : v. to subject. 2, 
 rSdigo, egi, actum, ? : to s. Haul to the 
 power of the Homan people, Galliam sub 
 P. R. imperiuin r., Caes. B. G. 5, 39. 
 
 3, subjungo, .\i, ctuni, j : he s.d 
 many cities to the imperial stray of the 
 R. /'., multas url>es sub imperium P. R. 
 ditiontmque subjunxit, Cic. Vtrr. 2, I, 
 21. 4. subigo, egi, actum, j ; to s. a 
 third of the n arid, tertiam partem oibis 
 terrarum s., Cic. Rose. Am. ?6, io{ : to 
 S. cities and nations, urbes atque na- 
 tiones s.. Sail. C. 2 : Britain has been 
 dtscocered and s.d, inventa Britannia 
 et subacta, Tac. Agr. j? : to s. the earth 
 with iron, s. terram ferro, Cic. Leg. 2, 
 18, 45. II. To tniny under oneself: 
 
 1, d6mo, ui, itum, i : to s. the soil 
 with harioics, terram rastris d., Virg. 
 Aen. 9, 608 : to kc-p one's passions s.d, 
 doniitas lial>ere libidines. Cic. de Or. I, 
 4?, «94- 2. debelli), i (to s. by war : 
 rare) : to s. the pi-imd. d. superbos, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 854. 3. opprimo, } vinco, j : 
 •fipero, I : V. to SLi'PRisss, conquer, 
 overcome. Or expr. bj' suae ditionis 
 facere, cf. Liv. 21, 5J, ad fin. : in poies- 
 tatem suam redigere : in ditioiiem suam 
 r. : V. to bi:i)uce. 4. cChibeo, 2 : 
 coerceo, 2 : refraeno, i : frango, j : v. 
 to restrain ; to s. thoroughly, perdii- 
 mo, I, dcvinco, j Pb r. : a s.d style of 
 oratory, suinmissa oralio, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 45, iSj : in a s.d voic", suppressa voce, 
 Cic. Sull. 10, JO : s.d spirits, animus 
 jacens, Cic. Am. 16, 59. 
 
 subjacent ; 1. subjeclus : Liv. 
 
 2. subjacens: Plin.: v. adjacent. 
 subject (<«y) •• I. Brought under : 
 
 1. sulijeclus: s. to you, s. tibi, Plin. 
 Pan. 24: «. to and dependent on you, s. 
 atque obnoxii vobls, Liv. 7, 50, ad in it. : 
 to spare the s., parcere subjectis, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 854. 2. dicto audlens; Liv. 5, 
 J, ad fin. : v. obedient. 3. subditiis 
 (rare): s. to I'luto's stray, Plutunis s. 
 regno, Tib. 4, i, 6'7. Or expr. by the 
 verb, v. to subject. Plir. : to become 
 completely s. to (he king, sub jus judi- 
 clumque regis venire, Liv. J9, 24, med. 
 II, Expised or liable: 1. ob- 
 noxius: s. to disease, o. morbo, Plin. 17, 
 I4: s. to insults, o. contumeliis, Suet, 
 Tib. 6j. 2. .subjectus daily and 
 
 hourly more s. to enry, snbjeilit)r in 
 diem et horam inviiliae, Flor. Sat. 2, 6, 
 47 : s. to (of a particular disease), is 
 sometimes e,\pr. by the terniinallon 
 -6sus : e. g. s. to the gripi-s tormlnosus, 
 Cic. Tusc 4, 12. 27. Phr. : huma7i 
 affairs are s. to chance, babet niorialia 
 casus, Lucan 2, ij; to be s. to the icill 
 of another, alieni arbitril esse. Suet. 
 CUod. 1: tobe s. to punishment, poena 
 
 teneri, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, J, 5 : your mittrest 
 will be s. to your cognizance, notitiae 
 suberit arnica tuae, ()v. A. A. i, 598: 
 the s.-matler of the discussiim, materia 
 ad arguinentum subjpcia, Cic. Part. 11, 
 j8 : the s.-matler of philosi/phtj, subjecta 
 quasi materia saplentiae, Cic. de Kin. i, 
 19. QN.B. — The quasi is imi>ortant.] 
 The s.-malter (fa speech, materia ora- 
 tionis, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 145 : '" furnish 
 s.-matter for discussiim, niatcriam ser- 
 monibus praebere, 'I'ac. H. 4, 4 : v. 
 MArrKR. 
 
 subject (.subs.) : \ A persm under 
 dominimt : 1. privatus: Plin. Pan. 10: 
 he seemed greater than a s. uhile in a 
 s.'s rank, major privato visus dum p. 
 fuit, 'I"ac. H. I, 49. As Jem. privata 
 (mulier), Hor. Od. i, }'j,extr. 2. sub- 
 Jeclus : valour and high spirit in s.s are 
 offensive to rulers, virtus ac lerocia sub- 
 jeciorum ingrata impcrantibus, Tac. Agr. 
 ?l. 3. clvis: as a king to his s.s, ut 
 rex civibus suis, Cic. ap. Augustin. : a 
 good s., civis bonus, Cic. : an excellent 
 and most loyal s., clvis optlmus atqiie 
 fidelis>imus, Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 6. 4. pa- 
 rentcs (pi.) ■ Sail. J. 102 : uhat n-ith 
 disliii/ol s.s and unjust rulers, inter 
 male parentes et injuste inipcrantes, 
 Tac. Agr. J2- Or expr. by adj. or verb: 
 e. R., 11 ishes to hare foreign nations loyal 
 allies rather than v retched s.s, malit 
 exteras geiite.s fide et societate Junctas 
 habere quain tristi subjectis servitio, Liv. 
 26,49. \\, A matter or theme : 1. res, 
 rfii (rei, Lucr.), /. : an important s., r. 
 magna, Cic. Rull. 2, 41 : as. of dispute, 
 T. controversa, id. Leg. i, 2o, 52 : or, 
 id de quo agitur, disseritur, cf. Id. Acad. 
 4, 6, 18: the s. of our enquiry, id quod 
 quaerimns, id. "Off. i, 4, 14 : if the 
 speaker tie not master of his s., si res 
 non subest (urationi) ab oratore per- 
 cepla et cognita, id. de Or. i, 12, <io: 
 V. discussion, argument, enquiry. For 
 s.-matter, v. adj.. II. Phr.: they have 
 led me from the s., abstuleiunt me 
 vehit de spatio, Liv. J5, 40. 2. argu- 
 mentum: the s. of a letter, a. epistolae, 
 Cic. Att. 10, 1 ? : the s. (or plot) of a play, 
 poem, etc., tabulae, camiinis a., Plaut. : 
 Ter : Liv. 7, 2 : the s. (of a nork of art), 
 a., Cic. : Ov. : Virg. : s. of a picture by 
 I'arihasius, Parrha.Mi tabulae a., Suet. 
 Tib. 44. 3, 15c us (I'l. li'ci in this 
 
 sense), (strictly a point or division of a 
 subject): an extensive s., 1. longe lateque 
 patens, Cic. Or. 21, 72 : the s. has been 
 clearly stated, 1. perpuigatus est, Cic. de 
 Div. 2, I, 2. 4. quaestio : the nature 
 of the gods is a very hard and obscure s., 
 penlifiicilis et perobsciira est q. de Da- 
 tura deorum. Cic. N. I), i, I. i. Pb r. : 
 to change the s., senDoncni alio tiaiis- 
 ferre, Cic. de Or. i, 29, i J }• 5. nia- 
 teria (nf a book) : Plin. Ep. i, 2. |||. 
 (Logic and grammat.); that of vhiih 
 any th'ng is predicated: 1. subjec- 
 tui'ii, Mart. Cap. 2. pars siibjectiva, 
 Ai)pul. IV. Medic. 1. 1. ; perh. * corpus 
 or * corpus morlui incidendnin, coiise- 
 canduiii. V. -^ '""' .fellow : a bad 
 subj'Ct (Fr niauvais .Mijet), homo per- 
 ditus, iii'bulo: Cic: Hor. 
 
 subject ('••)■• I. To place under : 
 
 1 subjicio, jeci, jectum. ?: men s. 
 
 themselves to the authorltt/ nf another, s. 
 
 d". luiniines imperio alierius et putestati, 
 
 Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22 . V. ID St'llMIT. 2. 
 
 supiu'ino, pilsui, po>Itum, j Ov Fa.-t. 
 I, !o6- P-rs. 5, j6. 3. substTtuo, ui, 
 utum, I ; thetl uere s.'il to the charge, s. 
 cHniliil, Plin. Ep. 6. n ■ v. to subdue, 
 REi>i:<E. Pbr. : (the human raa) s.'d 
 itself to laris and strict cmlis, sponte 
 sua ceddit sub leges artaque jura, Lucr. 
 5, 1147. II. To ixposr : obuoxium 
 
 reddo, dWi, ditu'm, j subjicio, j v. to 
 ExiD.sTi. Phr. the body niis s.'d to a 
 thousand insults, corpus plurimis ludi- 
 briis ve.xatuni, Tac. Hist, i, 49. 
 subjection : I '''« <"' if '<"»'.<?- 
 
 tji_<7 under : Kxpr. by vfrb. \\. The 
 stale of a subject: patientla, Tac. Agr. 
 16 : servltus,/. : Liv. Phr.: to hold in 
 s., in officio tontniere, Caes. B. G. j. 11 ; 
 to Iwld men in forcible «., vi oppressos 
 
 imperio coercere, Cic. Off 2. 7, 24; 
 to reduce to s., mi slavert/. jam domitl 
 ut pareani non ut serviant, I'ac. Agr. 
 U. 
 
 subjective : no equiv. word. Expr 
 by rejl. prims, and ipse, sometimes by 
 poss. proris. or proprius, or by Ptir. . a 
 u-riter of the s. school, •strlptor subjec- 
 tivus, qiiim dicunt; *qui p>.tius mentis 
 statum habitumque quani res exlemas 
 descrilK-ri-. ob oculos ponere, studet. 
 
 subjectively : I. ('n gramm. 
 
 and log.) subjective : Mart. Cap. ||, 
 (In metaphysics and gen.): no equiv. 
 
 v. SUBJECTIVE. 
 
 subjectivity: •studium, ingenium, 
 tractaiidi proprias res: or • st. iiig. :id- 
 mittemli nihil extrinsecus. 
 
 subjoin : subjungo, j, subjicio, J, 
 siijipiiiiii, J Cic. : subtexo, } : Liv : sub- 
 necli>, J : (Juint. : v. to add. 
 
 subjugate : sibigo, j, d6mo, i . ▼. 
 
 to .sllllil k. 
 
 subjunctive (gramm. t. t.) : the t. 
 mood, subjuiictivus mOdus, Diom. : ttd- 
 junctivus mfidus, Diom.: conjunclivu* 
 modus, or conjunctivas only, M:irt. Cap. 
 
 sublimate, sublimation (ch.m. 
 
 t. t.) : *subliiiiatiim. 
 
 sublime (o-'j); I. ••■'i-: alius, 
 
 celsns: v. men. ||, Fig.: 1. 
 
 excelsus : Diese are the uorkt of a great 
 and s. spirit, haec stint opera magni 
 aninii et e., Cic. Otl. i, 2}, 81 : you have 
 naturally s. tastes and aspiraliotis, te 
 natura excelsuni quendani et altum et 
 huinaiia despicientem geiiuit, id. Tusc 
 2, 4, 11: a lofty and s. orator, orator 
 grandis et quodammodo e., id. Or. 34, 
 119. 2. eliitns: a s. spirit, aunnuf 
 niagnus et e., id. Off. 1, 18. 61. 3. 
 divlnus : a s. urotor, homo in dicendo 
 d., id. de Or. i, 10, 40 : he made a 
 s. panegyric on my coruluct, oiiiavii 
 res nostras d. laudibus, id. Fam. 2, 
 i;- s. skill, d. solertia, id. de Nat. I, 
 20, 5}. 4. grandis (of style): id. 
 
 Quint. : they icere s. iJi dictiim, gr. erant 
 verbis, Cic. Brut. 7, 29. 5. subllmis: 
 a s. style, s. dicendi genus, guint. 11, 18: 
 ti «•. character, s. it erectum ingenium, 
 Tac. Agr. 4 ; t/onr s. mimi. mens lua s., 
 Ov. Pont. J, ?, loj: .<! pejems, s. carmina, 
 Juv. 7, 28. Phr.: tn e^ttertain a s. con- 
 tempt for, aliquid excelso animo magno- 
 que despicere, Cic. de Off. 2, 10, adfm. 
 
 sublimely : excelse, sublate, divinl- 
 tus Cic. 
 
 sublimity: 1. elatio,./".(ofmind 
 and siyle) : .<:. of style, elatio atque alti- 
 tudo orationis," Cic. Brut. 17,66. 2. 
 excelsitas, /. : s. of mind, excibitas 
 aniini, Cic. Off. J, 5, 24- 3. subli- 
 niit^is, /. (of style): Quint I, 8, 5 : the 
 s. of a steadfast mind, s. Invictl animi, 
 Plin. 7, 25, 26. Join: subllmitas et 
 maguiticentia et nitor, tjuint. 8, }, }. 
 
 sublunary : 1. icrre-stris, e 
 
 (eai-thlii): s. creatures hare transient 
 liiHS allotted to them, terrestria niortales 
 alliums vivuiit sortita, Hor. S. 2, 6, 94. 
 2. mortfilis. e (human): or expr. 
 by infra lunam ; all s. things ore /.erisk- 
 a'ble and Heeling, infra lunam nihil est 
 nisi niuriale et i-aducum, Cic. Som. Sc.4. 
 
 submarine: subnursus; s. cna- 
 
 tures. s. belliiae, Cic. N. I). 2, J9. 100. 
 
 submerge : l '"•' '"P ""^'" 
 
 voter : subniergo, si, sum. j, Cic. : dfi- 
 niergo, J : v. TO sink (B.). ||. To 
 cover uithvater: esp. in pass.: Inundo. 
 I V to deluge. 
 
 submersion : subniersio : Am : 
 bubmeisus. us: Tert.: better expr. by 
 verb : V. to sdbmerge. 
 
 submission: \. The act <f sub- 
 
 mittimi: c.\pr. by verb: or objectiveVy 
 by ditto. pOtestas, etc.: to tender a 
 niluntani s., voluntate ci^ncedere in 
 dilionem Liv. 28. 7- l'l>r. : nnUnng 
 was left for themselves liut compuUory 
 s penes ipsos tantum servitii nece.-Ksita* 
 erat, Tac. Hist. 2,6. ||. The slate: 
 tempgratio, Cic. Leg. 1. 15. 4^^ obedi- 
 entia, ob^'quium, piiieiitia : v. suiuKO 
 
 TK'N. U , OBEDIENCE, ALLEGIANCE. 
 
 submissive : 1. submissus 3. 
 stales, s. civl tales, Hirt B. G. 8, }i ill 
 8U
 
 SUBMISSIVELY 
 
 SUBSIDE 
 
 SUBSTANTIA!, 
 
 a s. tone, s. voce, Ov. Met. 7, 90. 2. 
 obnoxius, Liv. •7, jo: Sail. C. 14. 3. 
 obsequens, obsequiosus (in a disparaging 
 sense), Plaut. 4. supple.x, Icis : to 
 shoit! merqf to the wretched and s., in 
 miseros et s. misericordia uti, Caes. B. (i. 
 2, 28 : cf. Tac. A. i, 44. 5. obediens : 
 dicto audiens : v. obedient. 
 
 submissively : patienter, siibmisse 
 (no superl.), mOdeste, Cic. : Sbedienter : 
 
 V. OBEDIENTLY. 
 
 submit: I. To place oneself under: 
 
 1, submitto, si, ssum, 3 ; with refl. 
 pron. (ot moral submission) : to s. to the 
 degradation of pleading as a criminal, 
 s. se ad humilitatem causam dicentiuni, 
 Liv. J8, ?2 : to s. to misfortunes, s. ani- 
 mos ad calamitates, Liv. 2j, 2; : to s. to 
 love, animos amori s., Virg. Aen. 4, 414. 
 
 2. subjicio, jeci, jectum, ? : witli 
 reft. pron. : you have voluntarily s.'d to 
 the laws, ipse te legibus subjecisti, Plin. 
 Pan. 64 : tos. to another's authoiiti/, s. se 
 sub alicnjus potestatem, Auct. Her. 2,51, 
 50. 3. cedo, ssi, ssum, }: tos. to for- 
 tune, c. fortunae, Sail. C. J4. 4. con- 
 cede : Caes. B. G. t, 7 : ib. 4, 7 : Liv. 6, 6 : 
 
 V. TO YIELD, StJRBENDER. 5. SubeO, 
 
 ii, itiim, 4: to s. to the authority of a 
 civilian, togati potentiam s., Cic. Fani. 
 6, I. 6 : to s. to conditions, s. conditiones, 
 Tac. H. 4, 6; : that toirns s.'d to the re- 
 nown of your name, oppida sub titnlo 
 nominis isse tui, Ov. Pont. 2. i, 50. 
 6. pareo, ui, iium, 2 : to s. to the 
 laws, legibus p., Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40. 
 Join : to s. to another's will, obedire et 
 p. alicujus volimtati, Cic. N. D. i, 8, 19 : 
 to s. to necessity, necessitati p., Cic. Or. 
 60, 202. 7. obtempero, 1 : to s. to 
 another's will, o. voluntati alicujus, 
 Caes. B. C. i, J5. 8. perfero, tiili, 
 latum, J : to s. to all kinds of indig- 
 nities and insults, omnes inrtignitates 
 et contumelias p., Caes. B. G. 2, 14: v. 
 TO ENDUBK. Comp. in ditiotiem venire, 
 Liv. 11, Ji : in arbitrium ac pote tatem 
 venire, Cic. Verr. i, 57, i;o : to s. them- 
 selres to his authority and protection, in 
 fldem et potestatem venire, Caes. B. G.2, 
 I) : the f,'auls s.'d to the sovereign sivay 
 of the Roman people, Galli sub P. R. 
 imperium ditionemque ceciderunt, Cic. 
 Font. 1,2: that he shoiild s. to the Senate 
 and Roman people, ut sit in S. P. Q. H. 
 potestate, Cic. Pbil. 6, 2. ||. To con- 
 descend: 1. demitto, si, ssum, j : with 
 reft, pron : to s. to use flattery, d. se in 
 adulationem, Tac. A. 15, 7J. 2. de- 
 scendo, di, sum, j : to s. to use all kinds 
 of entreaties, preces d. in omnes, Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 782. III. To lay before: re- 
 fero, reti^ili, rfilatum, i : with prep, ad 
 
 V. TO KEFEIt. 
 
 subordinate {a^j- and subs.) .- i. 
 
 subjectus : w}io learns what to do or 
 how to ait Jrom a s., qui quid aut 
 qualiter facifiiduni ab s. discit, Col. 
 I, 2. 4. 2. minister: as a s., ut 
 minister, Tac. Agr. 8 v. subaltekn, 
 SUBJECT (adj.), 1. 3. secundus: to 
 play a s. part, partes tractare secumias, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 1 3, 14 : as. actor, adjutor 
 possit qui partes lerre secundas. Hor. S. 
 I, 9. 46 : actor qui est secundarum aut 
 tertiarum partium, Cic. Div. in Caec. 15, 
 48. 4. inferior: s. ranks, i. ordines, 
 Caes. B. G. i. 46. Or expr. by subsuni : 
 the particular is that which is s. to the 
 general, pars est quae subest generi, 
 
 Cic. Inv. I, 22, J2 : V. TO SL'BOEDINATE. 
 
 subordinate («.) ■ 1. subjicio, 
 
 Jeci, jectum, j: there is a certain number 
 of forms which may he s.d to each class, 
 formarum certus est Humerus quae 
 cuique generi subjiciantur, Cic. Top. 8, 
 i} : sloth, shame, and dread are s. to 
 fear, sub metiim subjecta sunt pigritia 
 pudor terror, Cic. Tusc. 4, 7. 16. 2. 
 suppono, posui, positum, j : to this c/a,<;.>; 
 Hermagoras s.d four divisions, huic 
 generi Hermagoras qnatuor partes s., 
 Cic. Inv. I, 9, r J. Phr. : to s. one's pri- 
 vate requirements to public interests, 
 reipublicae commoda privatis necessi- 
 talibus potiora habere, Caes. B. C. i, 8. 
 
 subordination: I. Lit.: dis- 
 crimen, inis, n. (in_pJ.), or gridiis : e. g., 
 
 8l2 
 
 s. of rank, d. or g. ordinum (Kr.) : or 
 expr. by adj. or «. ||. M o r a 1 : 1. 
 modestia : to look for s. in a soldier, in 
 milite modestiam desiderare, Caes. B. G. 
 7, 52 : s. of the soldier, m. militaris, 
 Tac. A. 1, J5. 2. disciplina: to Tnain- 
 tain strict s. among soldiers, severe re- 
 gere d. militarem, Suet. Caes. 48. 3. 
 obsgquium (obedience), Tac. A. j, 12. 
 Join: obsequiuni et modestia, Tac. Agr. 
 42: or expr. objectively by imperium, 
 auctoritas, etc. : to administer a magis- 
 tracy in s. to another, ex auctoritate ali- 
 cujus gerere magistratum, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 
 med. : want of s. among the soldiers, 
 petulantia castrorum, Tac. Agr. 16, 
 
 extr. : V. DISCIPLINE, .SUBMI&SION (IL). 
 
 suborn : 1. subjicio. jgci, jectum, 
 J (gen. in pass.) .- L. Metellus is s.'d by 
 Caesar's enemies to frustrate the busi- 
 ness, subjicitur L. Metellus ab inimicis 
 Caesaris qui banc rem distrahat, Caes. 
 B. C. I, J} : ivitnesses are s.'d, testes s., 
 tjuint. 5, 7, 12. 2. siiborno, i : a false 
 mtness is usually s.'d. fictus testis sub- 
 omari solet, Cic. Caecin. 55, 71 : he urill 
 s. a physician as informer, medicum in- 
 diceni s., id. Deiot. 6, 17: cf. Liv. 42, 
 15 ; s.'d to bring charges, subornati cri- 
 minibus, Liv. 38,4;. 3, inimitto, si, 
 ssum, J : he s.'d .'\uilius to accuse, Sui- 
 lium accusandis utrisque i., Tac. A. 11, i. 
 4. comparo, i : they s.'d six tribunes 
 to interpose their veto, sex tribunes ad 
 intercessionem c, Liv. 4, 48, med. 
 
 subpoena (subs.) : denuntiatio testi- 
 monii, Cic. Flacc. 6, 14. 
 
 subpoena ("■) •■ denuntio testimo- 
 nium alicui, Cic. Rose. Am. }8, no: cf. 
 me tuis familiarissimis in banc rem tes- 
 timonia denuntiaturum, id. Verr. t, 19, 
 51: denuntio (ate.), id. Flacc. i;, j; : 
 cf. Quint. 5, 7, 9, duo genera sun t testium, 
 aut voluntariorum, aut eorum, quihus 
 in Judiciis publicis lege denuntiari solet: 
 
 v. TO SUMMON. 
 
 subscribe : I. To affix one's sig- 
 nature : 1. ,';iil>scrilio, psi, ptum, j, 
 usu. abs., witlioiit nonien : Cic: Suet. 
 Ner. 10 : with dat , Ulp. [N.B.— Cic. 
 uses this verb in the sense of to write 
 under, or as the legal t. t., to subscribe 
 one's name to an accusation either as a 
 principal or subordinate.] Transf. : 
 to assent to s. to the liatred and charges 
 against Hannibal, s. odiis accusationi- 
 busque Hannibalis, Liv. jj, 47: cf id. 
 10,22. 2. subnoto, I : tos. one's name, 
 nomeii s.. Suet. Cal. 41. 3. subsigno, 
 I : Paul. : v. TO SIGN. ||. To under- 
 take to give or buy : * nomine subscripto 
 profiteri se daturum, empturum : to s. 
 to a book, *libri emptorem se profiteri 
 (nominis subscriptiono), Georg. : persons 
 can s. till tlie end of June, * nomen pro- 
 fiteri poterunt empturi usque ad finem 
 niensis Junii, Georg. 
 
 subscriber: subscriptor: Cic: *qui 
 nouien subnotat, subsignat. Phr.: s. to 
 a book, * emptorem libri se profitens or 
 professus, Georg. 
 
 subscription : I. The act : sub- 
 scriptio, subsignatio : Paul, in Dig. 
 Phr.: the s. is open till the end of 
 June, * nomen profiteri poterunt emp- 
 turi usque ad finem mensis Junii, Georg. 
 II, A sum promised or paid : collatio, 
 Cic: collecta, id. de Or. 2, 57, 2jj : v. 
 
 CONTRIBUTION. 
 
 subsequent : sgquens, posterior, 
 serior : v. following, late (comp.). 
 subsequently : postea, deinde : v. 
 
 AFTER, AFTERWARDS, NEXT. 
 
 subserve : commodo, i : obscquor, J : 
 inservio, 4 : subvenio, 4 : v. to serve, 
 
 AID, ASSIST. 
 
 subservient : obsequens, obsequi- 
 osus, obnoxius : servitio promptus. 
 Tac. A. I, 2 : v. submissive; commodus, 
 utilis, minister: v. conducive. 
 
 subside : 1, resldo, sedl, } : after 
 the panic s.d, postquam r. terror, Liv. 
 j;, j8 : ivhen their passion had s.'d, 
 cum irae resedissent, Liv. 2, 29 : after 
 the excitement s.d, cum tumor animi re- 
 sedisset, Cic. Tusc. }, 12, j6 : the sea s.s, 
 
 maria in se ipsa residunt, Virg. G. 
 
 2, 480 : all the wind s.s, omnis(que) re- 
 
 pente resedit flatus, id. Aen. •;. 27. 2. 
 consido, j : madTtess s.s, furor c, Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 27, 88 : the high spirits induced 
 by success s., ferocia ab re bene gesta c, 
 Liv. 42, 62 : the swelling waves t., tumidi 
 ronsidunt fluctus, Sil. 17, 291. 3. 'e- 
 mitto, si, ssum, j : if the wind had 
 chanced to s., si forte ventus remisisset, 
 Caes. B.C. j, 26: (with j-eft pron.), that 
 frenzy s.s, se furor ille r., Ovid. H. 4, 56 . 
 pain and inflammation s., dolor et iii- 
 flammatio r., Cels. 4, 24, ad fin. : (inpass.), 
 fevers s., febres r., Cels. j, 12. 4, sub- 
 sido, J: animation of style s.s, impetus 
 dicendi s., Quint, j, 8, 60. 5. decresco, 
 crevi, cretuni, j (of waters) : Ov. M. I, 
 J45 : Hor. Od. 4, 7, } : fever s.s, febris d., 
 Cels. J, 6. 6. cado, cgcidi, casum : 
 the violence of the gale quite s.d. venti 
 vis omnis cecidit, Liv. 26, 29. 7. de- 
 fervesco, fervi, 3 ; until their anger s„ 
 duni defervescat ira, Cic. Tusc. 4, id fin. 
 
 subsidence : expr. by v. to subside. 
 
 subsidiary : subsidiarius(milit. t.t.) : 
 s. cohorts, s. cohortes. Caes. B. C. i, 8j : 
 Liv. 9, 27 : Tac. A. i, 6} : to be s. (gen.), 
 subsidio esse, Caes. B. G. 2, 20 : v. useful. 
 
 subsidize : pecunias conferre. Suet. 
 Caes. 19: pecunias suppeditare,Cic.Q. Fr. 
 2, 2, } : auxilium mittere, Caes. B. G. 
 t, 18. 
 
 subsidy : 1. collatio (money granted 
 to a ruler): Liv. 4, 60: Plin. Pan. 41. 
 
 2. collecta : to ask a guest for a s., 
 a conviva exigere, Cic. de Or. 2, 57, 2JJ. 
 
 3. subsidium (aid) : Caes. : Cic. : 
 Liv. : Tac. : v. aid. 
 
 subsist : 1. cousto, sttti, statum 
 or statum, i : if mind can s. indepen- 
 dently of body, si mens constate potest 
 vacans corpore, Cic. N. D. I, 10, 25. 
 
 2. consisto, stiti, slitum. j : the 
 right cannot «., nequit c. rectum, Hor. S. 
 I, I, 107 • not even a suspicion can s., 
 ne suspicio quideni potest c, Cic. Rose. 
 Am. $2, fin. 3. sum (to be): passim. 
 
 4. subsisto, stiti, j (to continue to 
 exist) : the name s.s, nomen s., Plin. jj, 
 
 1, 7 : (to be valid) the verdict given 
 against you s.s on the principles of 
 jurisprudence, sententia adversus te 
 
 lata Juris ratione s., Cod. Just. 2, ij, 14. 
 
 5. sustineor, 2 (to be maintained) : 
 on this we are nourished and s., hoc 
 alimur et sustinemur, CHc. Verr. }, 5, 11 : 
 comp. sustentor, 1 : (jic. Tusc. i, 19, 4}. 
 
 subsistence: I. -R^a' and con- 
 tinued being : expr. by verb, to subsist. 
 II. Aleaiis of living : victus, us, m. : 
 V. lhelihood, maintenance, suste- 
 nance. 
 
 substance: \. Being: res. Tei,f. 
 Or expr. by esse : v. being. \\. Essen- 
 tial property : 1. natiira : Cic. 2. sub- 
 stantia. Ill, Corporeal nature, body : 
 1. niitiira : s. and shape, n. et figura : 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 10, 20. 2. corpus, oris, 
 n. : the s. of uater, c. aquae, l^ucr. 2, 
 252 : cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 32, 82, corpora et 
 inane quaeque his accidant : shapes and 
 S.S, formae et c, id. de Or. 2, 37, 358. 
 
 3. sSlidum (solid body) : id. de 
 Univ. 4, ad fin.: id.de Nat. i, 27, 7;. 
 
 4. substantia (of a man), Quint. 7, 
 
 2, 5 : or expr. by consto. |V. The 
 main part: 1. summa: the s. of the 
 trial, s. judicii, Cic. Quint. 9, 32. 2, 
 (adverbially), re : to agree in s., differ 
 in words, coucinere re, discrepare verbis, 
 Cic. de Fin. 4, 22, 60. V. Ideality : 
 res, rei,/. ; glory it as it were a s. dis- 
 tinct in outline, not shadowy, gloria 
 solida quaedam r. et expressa, non adum- 
 brata, Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3. Join : res et 
 Veritas : cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 14. Sub- 
 stantia rerum (opposed to verba), Quint. 
 2, 21, I : or expr. by ipse, e. g., you see 
 the tokens of power, not ye* its s., in- 
 signia videtis potestatis, nondum ipsam 
 potestatem, Cic. RuU. 2, 13, 32. VI. 
 I'roperty, goods : res, bona, 5pes, facul- 
 tates, familiaris rijs : v. pbopebty, goods. 
 
 substantial : I. Saving actual 
 being, existence : expr. by verb sum : 
 v. .SUBSTANCE, I. ||. Real : verus : 
 
 s. losses and troubles, damna veriqne 
 dolores, Her. Ep. i, 17, 57. Join- S. 
 glory, vera, gravis, solida gloria, Cia
 
 StTBSTA NTT ALLY 
 
 SUBTLY 
 
 SUCCESS 
 
 Phil. 5, l8, 50. III. Belonping tn the 
 nature, essence, substance of anything : 
 etpr. by subs. : e. g. the s. part (opposed 
 to accidents), natura (v. substanck, H.) : 
 Bubstantialis.Tert. ; s.elemfnts, prXnci^im 
 rerum, Cic. Acad. 2, }6, 1 17. |V. <'hwf, 
 important, valuahU : 1, pracclpuus; 
 T.PRiNrii>AL(adj.). 2. gravis, magnus: 
 esp. superl. : a s. argument, grave argu- 
 mentum, Cic. N. I). ), 4, 11 : magnum 
 /•rgumentum, id. Phil. 2, 16, 40: or 
 expr. by aliquantum, uliquid, with gen. : 
 e.g., s. assistance, aliquld opis, Id. Kam. 
 4, I. I'h r. : advice is of s. value, pliiri- 
 mum valet auctoritas, id. Am. ij, 44: 
 a s. point, caput : freedom from care is 
 a s. pn'nt uitk regard to a happy life, 
 caput est ad beate vivendum sccurilas, 
 id. Am. I }, 45. V. Slaving material, 
 'oody : A. l> 1 1- •• 1. sOlidus : v. 
 
 SOUD, BULKY. 2. Villdus: V. .--TKONG, 
 
 STOUT. 3. \>\en\js (of food and drink): 
 more s. fml, plenlofes cibi, Cels. j, 20. 
 
 B. F i g. : 1. amplus ; a s. for- 
 tune, a. fortunae, Cic. Verr. 5, 8, 18. 
 
 2. sOlIdus : no s. advantage, nulla 
 s. utilitas: Cic. Fin. i, 2i, 12: s. happi- 
 ness, a. felicitas, Plin. •}, 44, extr. (v. 
 8OCND, adj.) : you u-ill lay me under a 
 i. obligation, inibis a me solidam et 
 grandem gratiam, Plaut. Cure, j, J5 : a 
 ». benefit, a. beneficium, Ter. Eun. ;, 2, 
 1} : v.'jiATKRiAL. VI. Hairing ample 
 means : locuples, dives, 5piilentus : v. 
 
 BICH. 
 
 substantially : re : Cic. (v. sub- 
 stance, IV.): pCmtus (thoroughly): 
 Cic. : sOUde (stoutly) .- Col. : or e.xpr. 
 by adj. : subslantialiter : Tert. 
 
 substantiate : 1. argumentis ac 
 rationibus contirmare, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 
 80. 2. prubo, i: to s. a charge, p. 
 crimen, Cic. Flacc. 57. 9?- 3. expr. 
 by ratus: v. establish, valid. 
 
 "substantive: I. Gen.: perh. 
 
 totus ft ab>olutus : cf. Cic. Tim. s,fm. : 
 or expr. by circuml. with per se : v. 
 SELF-HXisTicNT. ||. Gramm. t. t. : 
 
 substantlvus : the s. verb (i. e. sum), s. 
 verbum, Prise. ; a noun s., a s., *nomen 
 s., s. 
 
 substitute (subs.): 1. vlcarlus, 
 of per.ions. QX.B. — there is no word or 
 special phr. referring to things : / will 
 be your s., succedam v. tuo muneri, Cic. 
 Veri-. 5, J7, 81 : lu procure a s.for any 
 one (milit.), v. alicui expedire, Liv. 29, 
 I : to allow a s. (milit.), v. accipere, ib. : 
 to get a s.for oneself (milit.). *v. mercede 
 conducere, Georg.] 2. procuriitor: v. 
 AGENT. 3. supposlticius : Homes is 
 his oun s., H. s. sibi Ipsi, Mart. 5, 24, 8. 
 4. succedaneus (leg.): Cod. Just. 
 Phr.: in vicem as a subs. : fresh suc- 
 ceed as s. to the veary, defatigatis in 
 vicem integri succedunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 85 ; or prep, pro (esp. of officers) : cf. 
 Cic. Phil. II, 8, 18: 1 ii'ill go as s. Jor 
 you, ego ibo pro te, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 
 10 : to act as as. for, rationes negotiaque 
 a)ici]jus procurare, Cic. Fani. 12, 24 : 
 aliciijus vice fungi, t^uint. 4, j, 11 : 
 fungi officio, partibus alicujus, Plin. 
 
 substitute ("•) : 1. substituo, ui, 
 vitum, i : you have s.d another \'erres 
 for yourself, pro te substitui>ti alteruni 
 Verrem, Cic. Verr. j, 69, i6i: Aero s.d 
 another picture for it, aliam tiibulam 
 pro ea 8. Nero, Plin. 55, 10, j6. ^ 91 ; 
 knights vere s.d for Sicilians, equltes 
 Siculis substituti, Liv. 29, i, fin. 2. 
 rjpouo, posui, pOsTtum, } : to s. your 
 own Utta-s (for erased writing), ut re- 
 ponas epistolas tuas, Cic Fani. 7. 18 : to 
 s. Aristophanes for Eupolis, A. pro K. r., 
 01c. Att. 12, 6 6: to s. atiother word, 
 r. aliud verbum, Quint. 11, 2, 49. 3. 
 suppono, } : I s. a hettfr than myself to 
 help you, meliorem quam ego sum s. 
 tibi, Plaut. Cure. 2, 2, 6 : to s. tin and 
 brass for silver and gold, stannum et 
 orichaicum pro argento et auro s., Suet. 
 Vit. 5. Join: to s. lioman atizeiis 
 for them, in eorum locum substlt\iere et 
 supponere cive.s Romanos, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 28. 72. 4. subjicio, jecl, jectum, j : 
 to s. another icini for the jiroper one, 
 pro verbo proprio s. aliud, Cic. Or. 27, 
 
 92 : esp. to s. false for true : to f. 
 false wills, testamenta s., C!c. Phil. 14. 
 
 J, 7 : V. TO FORGF, II., FOIST. 5. 
 
 subdo, didi, ditum. ? : s.d fin- them, in 
 eorum locum sul)diti, Cic. Verr. I, J, 
 
 12: and v. FOKGE, COUNTKItFUIT. 6, 
 
 sufficio, fpci, fectum, j (esp. to elect as a 
 magistrate in place of, cf. Tac. Ann. 4, 
 16). v.. SUCCESSOR. Or things: that other 
 teeth are s.d, alios dent<-s sufRci, Plin. 7, 
 16,15. 7. subr6go, 1 (of magistrates) : I 
 Cic. Kep. 2, {7 : l.iv. 8. sublSgo, ' 
 legi, lecium. } : Liv. 2t, 2? : Tac. Ann. \ 
 II, 2;. Plir. : we must s. the vord 
 uhich has the nearest meaning, utendum 
 proximii derivatlone verborum. Quint. 
 J, •J, 25 : pillars nere s.d for forked gable 
 props, f ureas subiere columnae, Ov. Met. 
 8. 701. 
 
 substitution: expr. by verb: 'sub- 1 
 stitutio (p<jsl-classical) : S. of a chad, 
 suppositio, Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 25. [N.B.— 
 Subjectio (testamentorum) corresponds 
 to our /orjreci/: V. FORGERY.] 1 
 
 subterfuge : 1. latebra : to have 
 a s., I. iKibore, Cic. Fin. 2, JJ, 107: let 
 them see that he find not a s. by perjury, 
 videant ne quaeratur 1. perjurio. Cic. 
 Off. i, 29, ic6. 2. deverticiilum : 
 
 that no s.s be offered to misdeeds, ne d. 
 peccatis darentur, Cic. Part. J9, 156. 
 3. tergiversatio : Cic. Mil. 20, 54. 
 4. perfugium: Cic. Rep. i, 5, 9. 
 Phr.: he evaded the question by a s., 
 alio rcsponsionem suam derlvavit, Cic. 
 Verr. i, 5J, 159: to find a s., aliquam 
 reperire rimam, Plaut. Cure. 4, 2, 24. 
 Without s., simpliclt«r: candide : v. 
 
 .STRAir.HTFORWARn. 
 
 subterranean: 1. subterraneus : 
 s. ivatercourses, s. specus, Cic. Att. i;, 
 26 : they dig out s. caves, solent s. specus 
 aperire, Tac. Ger. i6. 2. infCrus : v. 
 
 UNDERGROUND, INFERNAL. S. pa.SSage, 
 
 or grotto, crypia. Suet. Cal. 58 : Juv. 
 ?, 106 : to make a s. passage, cuniculura 
 agere, Cic. Off. J, 2}, 90 ; to bury in a s. 
 cave, aliquem sub terram demittere in 
 locum saxo conseptum, Liv. 2*, 57. 
 
 subtle: |. Lit.: 1. subtllis: 
 a very s. juice, sucus subtilissimus, Plin. 
 II, 5, 4: s. beginnings of things, s. ex- 
 ordia rerutn, Lucr. 4, 115. 2. I6nuis: 
 s. vapour, t. halitus, Virg. Georg. 2, {49. 
 3. vescus (rare) : s. salt spray, v. 
 sal, Lucr. 1, J27. II. Fig.: A. 
 Refined : 1. subtllis : a s. definition, 
 s. definitlo, Cic. de Or. i, 2?, 109: s. 
 observation, s. observatio, Plin. 18, ij, 
 J5. Join: the s. distinctio7i, tenuis et 
 acuta distinctio, Cic. Acad. 2, 14, 4J. 
 2. acQtus, argil tus, acer: v. acute. 
 B. Crafty: 1, astutus: as. plan, 
 a. ratio, id. Verr. Act. 1, 11, fin. 2. 
 versfltus: id. N. D. ;, ?o, 75. Join: 
 acutus, versuius, vett-rator, id. Fin. 2, 
 16. 5J. 3. vafer: s. in argument, in 
 disputando v., id. Rep. j, 16, 26. 4. 
 callidus : a s. interpretation, c. inter- 
 pretatio, Cic. Off. I, 10, }}. 5. catus: 
 Plaut.: Hor. 6. argutus, vStfiratorius: 
 v. CUNNING. Siimeichat s. ; 1. argu- 
 tfilus: s. books, argululi libri, Cic. Att. 
 I J, 18. 2. subdOlus: PI.: Tac: v. 
 
 (BAFTV. 
 
 subtlety: A. Lit. : 1. tsnul- 
 
 tas : whether the s. of the mind is such 
 that it escapes our vision, an tanta sit 
 animi t. ut lugiat aciem.Cic. Tusc. i, 22, 
 50. 2. subtilitas: v. fineness. B. 
 Fig.- I. Acuteness : 1. sub- 
 
 tilitas: many think that the geriius 
 of soldiers wants s., creduiit plerique 
 niilitaribus ingeniis s. deesse, Tac. Agr. 
 (),init. 2. ficies. ei,/. : s. of hunmn 
 inteUect, humani ingenii acies.Cic. Acad. 
 2, J9, 122. 3. argutiae: id. Brut. 
 4?. 167 4. iciimen, inis, n.: Cic: 
 Plin.: V. ACUTRNb:ss. ||. Cunning: 
 1, astutia: Cic. Clu. 6?, l3j. 2. 
 versutia (in pi.): Liv. 42, 47. 3. 
 
 callTditas ij}ractised s.): ib. and Cic. Off. 
 I. 19. 6?. 
 
 subtly: subtmter, Cic: tSnuIter, 
 Cic. : acfite, Cic. : argute, Cic : v. 
 ACt:TKLV: vafrc, Cic: astute, Cic: 
 Plaut: versute, Cic: vgt6raiorle, Cic: 
 subdOle, Plaut. : Cic : v. cunningly. 
 
 subtract: I. Totaktatoay: L 
 subtr&ho, traxl, tractum, j : nor can 
 words hare place if you s. the thing, 
 neque verba sedem habere pO!<sunt si 
 rem subtraxerls Cic. de Or. j, 5. 19. 
 2. dt-traho, j : ileddco, J : aufjro, } ; 
 
 V. TO TAKK: fOror, I. V. TO PURLOIN. 
 
 II. Jn cimiputation : dEduco, xi, 
 ctuni, J : «. the sum of the paid interest 
 from the principal, de capitc deducit* 
 quod usuris ixrnumeratum est, Liv. 
 6, i;. 
 subtraction: I. detract io. Cic. 
 
 Off. J, 6, to : v. WITHDRAWAL. ||. In 
 
 computation: expr. by deduco: e.g. to 
 see by addition and 1. what the retidt it, 
 addendo deducendoque videre quae rell- 
 qui sunima fiat, Cic. Off. I, 18, 59. 
 
 suburb: saburblum: Cic. Phil. 12, 
 10, 24 
 
 suburban : sfiburbanus : o s. farm, 
 s. Uiiidns, (,'ic. Q Fr, J, t, }: a s. villa, 
 estate, siiburlianum. Cic. Att. 16, ij 6. 
 subversion: v. overthrow (subt.). 
 subversive : expr. by verb, 
 subvert ■ evert«, subverto, Imml- 
 nuo: V. (jvKRiHRow (»., II.), upset. 
 
 succeed: A. Trans.: J. To 
 come after in order or time : 1. s6- 
 quor, secfitus, j; children s. to the rank 
 of their father, patrem liberi sequunttir, 
 Liv. 4, 4. 2. subefiquor, j : .<peusip- 
 pus s.ing his uncle I'lato, Speusippus 
 Platonem avunculum subsequens, Cic 
 N. I). I, I?, J2 ; in the s.ing yttir, subs»» 
 quenti anno, Plin. 11, 29, 55. 3. ins5» 
 (juor, ! : tlie s.ing year, insequens iinnus, 
 Liv. 6. {8. 4. succedo, cessi. cessum, 
 } : he s.'d great oratots, successit niagnis 
 oratoribus, Cic. Or. }o, 105 : nothing 
 blooms for ever, age s.s to age, nihil 
 semper floruit, aetas s. aetati, Cic. PhiL 
 n, 15. i9' Ov. 5. excipio, cepi, cep- 
 tum, J : an unhealthy summer s.'d the 
 severe unnter, tristcm hieinem pestllens 
 aestas e., Liv. 5, I j : abs. : then a more 
 unsettled year s.'d, turbulentior inde 
 annus excepit, Liv. 2, 61 v. follow. 
 II, To follow in an office, p^st, or 
 place: 1. succedo,?- nhos.'d Flaccui 
 (as procmisul), qui Flacco s., Cic. Flacc. 
 14, JJ: cf. Suet. G. 6: he had not yet 
 s.'d to the heirship of I'ompey, noudum 
 in locum Cn. Pompeii heres successerat, 
 Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62 : frish soldiers s.'d to 
 the weary, integri "fessis s., Liv. 9. J2 : 
 one general has s.'d to the mismaiuige- 
 mtut of another, male rebus gestis al- 
 terius successum est, Liv. 9, 18, ad fin. : 
 who is more fit to s. Achilles, quis melius 
 s. Achilli, Ov. Met i;, m. 2. suf- 
 f jcior, feclus, ? (of officers elected in the 
 comitia): with dat., Liv. 6, iS,ad fin.: 
 in alicujus locum s., Liv. 25, 2 : Cic 
 Fam. ;, 10. 3. subrogor, i : to s., by 
 proposal and election, to a magistracy : 
 Liv. J, j8. init. : in locum alicujus 6., 
 Liv. 9, J4. 4. sul)eo, ii, itum. 4, iir. 
 (poet.) : he himself s.s me and iierformt 
 my work, subit Ipse meumque explet 
 opus, Ov. Met. J, 648. Phr.: alone 
 vol thy to s. to the empire, s<.>lum succes- 
 sione imperii dignus, Sui't. 0. 4 day *.» 
 day, truditur dies die, Hor. Od. 2. 18, 15. 
 B. Intrans. : |. To prosper 
 
 (of persons): 1. prospfrc gCro: Liv. 
 40, 57, fin. : 2. procedo, cessi. ces- 
 sum, ? :" you have s.'d to-day finely, pro- 
 cessisti hodie pulcre, Ter. Andr. 5, 9. 22. 
 3. flOreo, 2 (to !!. in ones career): 
 V. prosper. 4. efftciii, leii, fectum, 3: 
 with ut (to .<. in doing). 5. sticcMit 
 mihi (imixn-s.): Cic. Fam. 10, 4, extr, 
 II. To turn out well (of things): 
 1. succrdo, I : nothing had S.'d, 
 res nulla successerat, Caes. B. G. 7, 26: 
 the undertaking was not s.ing. inceptum 
 non s., Liv. 42, 58. inil. : if the work -tj 
 ' to my wifli, si ex seiitentia opus s., Cic. 
 I Q. Fr. 2. 14. I : impers.: if the under- 
 takings had s.'d, si successiss*'! coepQs, 
 Liv. 25, J7. extr.: cf. Liv. }8, 25. meti. : 
 bene s., Ov. Her. 4. j?. 2. prospgre 
 prik-edo: Cic. Fam. 12. 9. 3. pros- 
 pSre evPnlo : Siill. J. 6? : Cic. 4. 
 bene habeo: Ter. Pb. 2, }, 82. 
 
 success; 1. 8occe.s>us, us, m,-. 
 elaied by t- successu rerum ferocior, 
 81J
 
 SUCCESSFUL 
 
 S UCK UP 
 
 SUDDEN 
 
 Tac. H. 4. 28 : snccessu exultans, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, }86. Join: prosperi s., Li v. 
 praef. fin. 2. feUcitas: Cacs. : v. 
 LUCK. 3. prospgritas: s. in life, p. 
 vitae, Cic. N. D. j, j6, 86. 4. res 
 seciindae, res prosperae : v. prosperitv. 
 5. bSnus, sgcundus, felix exitus ; v. 
 ISSDE. [X.B.— Not bonus eventus, etc.] 
 Phr. : he viho has had any s., cui bene 
 quid processit, Cic. Rab. Post. I, i : high 
 ^irits induced by s., ferocia ab re bene 
 gesta, Liv. 42, 62 : all claim the credit 
 ofs.. prospera onines sibi viiidicant, Tac. 
 Agr. 27. 
 
 successful : of persons : felix, for- 
 tunatus, b»-atus. "/ things : prosper, 
 sficundus, b5nus v. pbospebous, for- 
 tunate. 
 
 successfully : fellciter, fortunate, 
 beare, prospfire, bene, pulcre v. pkos- 
 PEEODSLT, LUCKILY, WELL. Ex sententia 
 (according to one's v.-ishes). 
 
 succession: |. Following in 
 
 office, etc. : successio : ufu)se s. is certain, 
 quorum non dubia s., Tac. Ann. 4, 12 : 
 «. to the empire, s. principatus Suet. 
 Tib. 25 : rights of s. {hereilitary rights). 
 Jura successionum, Tac. Germ. il- s. to 
 any one, s. in locum ali'-ujus, Auct. Ep. 
 Brut. I, I"! : remoral of pain brings on 
 a s. of pleasure, doloris amotio s. efficit 
 voluptatis, Cic. Fin. i, 11, JT. religious 
 rights handed datvn by hereditary s., 
 traditae per manus religiones, Liv. 5, 51 : 
 cf. Sail. J. 65 : a var of s., *bellum de 
 dubia regni, imperii, principatus succes- 
 sione confiatum. ||, rnbroken order : 
 
 1. continuatio: the unchangeable 
 s. of eternal order, imnmtabilis c. ordinis 
 sempiterni, Cic. .\cad. i, 1. fin.-, s. of 
 labours, c. lal)orum. Suet. Tib. 21, fin. 
 
 2. seri' s. ei, f. : s. of countless years, 
 Innumcrabilis anuorum s., Hor. Od. ?, 
 JO, 5 : cf. Cic. X. I). I, 4,y''n. 3. grS- 
 dus, fis, m. (in pi. : regular s.) : s. of 
 duties, g. ofQdoruni, Ci«. Off. i, 45, 160. 
 4. vicissitiido (alternate s.) : s. of 
 days and nights, v. dierum noctiumque, 
 Cic. lieg. 2, 7, j6. .-idivrhinlly : in s., 
 ex ordine, Cic. Agr. i, 24 : Virg. Georg. 
 4, 507: conlinui SJrie, Piiii. 7,41, 42: 
 in orbem: t. rot .tion; Phr.; in r.: 
 he got several magistracies in s„ magis- 
 tratum alinm post alium sibi peperit. 
 Sail. J. 6; : three years in s., triennium 
 continuum, Plant. Sticli. i. }, 6r : three 
 days in s., triduum c, Plant. Mil. i, i, 
 
 145 : V. SUCCrSStVK, SUCcrSSIVELT. 
 
 successive : contlnuus (of time) : 
 for five s. dais, dies continuus quinque, 
 Caes. B. G. J, 48: (of events): s. vars, 
 c. bella, Liv. 10, JI : < 'O s. kingships, 
 duo c. re^na, Liv. 1, 47, med.: v. unin- 
 rERRui"Ti;i). 
 
 successively; 1. deinceps (-/ 
 
 space, time, and order): Cic. 2. or- 
 dine, in ordinem (v. [in^ turs), ex or- 
 dine (v. SUCCESSION, II., adv.). 3. 
 continenter: v. uninterruptedly. 
 
 successor : successor : Liv. j2, 28 : 
 Ov. : Cic. : Tac. : the s.s of Alexander, 
 B. Alexandri, Quint. 12, }o,6: to appoint 
 one's s. (of an emperor), s. sibi destinare, 
 Siiet Cal. 4 : to give any one a s., s. 
 alicui dare. Suet. Tib. 6;. With gen. of 
 office : your brother I'l JJ be your s. in 
 so high a dignity, successor tanti frater 
 honoris erit, Ov. Pon. 4, 9, 58: Certui 
 got a s. (i. e. vas removed), successorem 
 Certus accepit, Plin. Ep. 9, ij, extr. : or 
 expr. by verb (v. succi-ed): to appoint 
 as a s., substituere aliquem. Suet. Ner. 
 16 : that you nouhl depart before your 
 s. arrived, te antea quam tibi succed- 
 eretur decessunim fuisse, Cic. Fam. j, 6 : 
 to appoint as a s., sntficio, feci, fectum, 
 }, Virg. Georg. 4, 202 : subrogo, i : v. 
 
 SUBSTITUTE (v.). 
 
 succinct : 1. brevis : Cic. : Quint.: 
 2. conclsus : Cic. : Quint. 3. 
 Buccinctus : Mart. 4. pressus : Cic. : 
 Quint. : Plin. ; v. brief, concise. 
 
 succinctly : brgvi : Cic. : Liv. : 
 presse ; Cic. : Plin. : astricte : Cic. : 
 Sen. : v. briefly, concisely. 
 
 SUCCOiy : 1. clchorium : Plin. 2o, 
 8, io: ciclioreum: Hor. Od. i, }i, 16. 
 
 2. inttibus, i, m. or/.; cichorium 
 814 
 
 intubus, Linn.: m. pi., intubi, Plin. 20, 
 8, 29: n. pi., intuba, Virg. Georg. i, 
 120: ib. 4, 120. 
 
 succour (subs.) : 1. aux ilium : 
 
 Caes. : Cic. : Liv. 2. subsidium : 
 
 Caes. ; Cic. : Liv. ■ Tac. 3. suppetiae 
 (ace. and nom. only) : Plant. 4. ops, 
 opis, /. (no 7iom. found) : Cic. : Plaut. : 
 
 Ov. : V. AID, HELP, ASSISTANCE. Expr. 
 
 also by pass, impers. of succurro : e. g. 
 if s. comes, si succurratur, Caes. B. C. 
 
 succour ('■'■): succurro, subvgnio, 
 auxilior, suppetior, opitulor, subsidio 
 vgnio, and many circumls. witli subs. : 
 
 V. to AID, HELP, ASSIST. 
 
 succulence : siicus, i. m. .- v. juice : 
 lac, lactis, n., Ov. M. 11, 606 ; sucositas : 
 Coel. Aur. : v. juiciness. 
 
 succulent: 1. *suciplenus. 2. 
 
 siicosus: Plin.: Col. 3. sUcQlentus : 
 
 App. : V. jmcY. 4. lactens, ntis : s. 
 lettuce, lactuca 1., Plin. 20, 7, 26 : v. 
 
 MILKY. 
 
 succumb: succumbo, submitto ani- 
 mos, cedo, concedo: v. to held, sub- 
 mit. 
 
 such: 1. talis: with rd. qualis 
 (such as) : that we may seem, to be s. as 
 we are, ut quales simus t. esse videamur, 
 Cic. Off. 2, I?, 44: with rel. qui: cf. 
 id. Fam. 10, 6 : with ac. atque : cf. id. 
 Vatin. 4, 10: Ter. Ph. ;, 8, jg : with ut ■ 
 cf. Cic. Off. I, 26, 91 abs. (similar) : cf. 
 id. I.ieg. 2, 5, 11: Virg. Georg. 2, 224: 
 any s. thing, tale quicquam (after a neg. 
 or quasi neg.), Liv. 26, 51 : emphatic 
 (both in good and bad sense) judges 
 vested tvith s. dignity, judices t. digni- 
 tate praediti, Cic. Clu. 5J, 147: such a 
 crime, tale facinus, Caes. B. G. 6, J4. 
 [N.B. — S. at the beginning of a sentence 
 used emphatically may be expr. by qua- 
 lis, quam, introducing an exclamatory 
 senience.j 2. ejusmodi ^of that kind) : 
 s. iniquity, e. iniquitas, Cic. Caecin. 2;, 
 6; : the rest are s. that. . ., reliqua sunt 
 e. ut. . . with suhj., Cic. Fam. 4, 1 1. 3. 
 hnjusmSdi, huju.sc6modi (of this Icind): 
 s. a charge, h. crimen, Cic. Verr. 5, 52, 
 • j6. 4. pron. is (followed by qui or 
 ut with sui)j.) : nor are you s. a man as 
 not to know nhat you at e. nee tu is es 
 qui quid sis nescias, Cic. Fam. ;, i2: 
 with ut, ib. 9, 16. 5. pron. hie (poet. : 
 esp. Hor.): youth sprung from s. pai ents, 
 bis juventus orta parentibus. Hor. Od. 
 i.6,}}: s. a. . ., followed by an inten- 
 sive adj. often = tantus : e. g. s. a vast 
 number, tanta multitudo, Cic. Att. 8, 
 19: s.a great quantity nf robes, tantam 
 Melitensem vestem, id. Verr. 2, 74, i8}. 
 Or. expr. by adverbs: e. g. s. is the case, 
 ita res se habet. id. Fat. 5. 9: / am s. 
 as you see, sic sum ut vides, Plaut. Am. 
 2, I, 57: / am not s. a traveller as I 
 vas, non tam sum peregrinator quam 
 solebani,Cic. Fam. 6, 18, /in. : they vaunt 
 s. wonders, ideo Jactant miracula, Lucr. 
 4, 592: s. o little thing, tam parvula res, 
 i'er. Ad. 2, 4, 10. Phr. : more s., ejus- 
 deni generis complura, Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 
 fin. : other s. like proiiigies, caetera de 
 genere hoc monstra, Lucr. 4, 590 : and 
 s. like, et caetera generis ejusdem, Qc. 
 Top. II, 48 : et si quid ejusmodi, it>. 12, 
 52. Two Lat. subs, in apposition will 
 often render such as when two subs, are 
 compared: and wiih proper names, esp. 
 in plur.,s. men, women as..., may he 
 expr. simply by the Lat. prop. noun. 
 An evil of s. magnitude, magnitudo 
 mali, Tac. Ann. j, j, is an example of 
 another difference of idiom. Of s. sort, 
 character, l-ind, is often equiv. to «. 
 simply. Adi'erbially : in s. wise, tali 
 niQdo, Caes. B. G. 7, 20 ; also ita, sle (v. 
 .'«, THUS) : to s. a degree, adeo : v. so 
 (much). 
 
 suck (subs.) : suctns (act of s.ing) : 
 V. SUCTION. Phr. : to give s. (v. to 
 suckle) : to look for s., mamraam ap- 
 petere, Cic Div. 2, 41, 85 : to be able to 
 give s., lactescere, Plin. 1 1, 41, 96. 
 
 suck (".)■• ) A. Trans.: 1. 
 
 in: /-^uso, xi, ctum, j; to s. 
 
 up : ) teats, ubera s., Ov. Fast. 
 
 2. 419 : to s. the dam, s. mammam matris. 
 
 Varr. R. K. 2, 1, 20. Fig. : to t. in 
 error with one's mother's milk, cum lacte 
 nutiiciserrorem suxisse.Oic.Tusc. },4,2. 
 2. sorbeo, ui, 2 (to s. in) : Chai-ybdis 
 S.S i7i the waves, Ch. s. fluctus, Virg. Aen. 
 ?, 442. Phr.: to s. one's life-blood, san- 
 guinem exsorbere, ef. Cic. de Or. i, 52, 
 
 22; : v. TO SWALLOW, DRINK. 3. ^X- 
 
 siigo (to s. out) : to s.a wound, e. vul" 
 nus, Cels. 5, 27 j : to s. out poison, e. ven- 
 ena, Plin. 2 J, i, 27. Fig.:/ will s. his 
 blood, illi sanguinem e., Plaut. Poen. }] z, 
 il- 4, exsorbeo: to s. eggs, e. ova, 
 Plin. 28, 2, 4. 5. bibo, bibi, j • to s. 
 milk, b. lac, Ov. Am. j, 10, 22: earth s.s 
 in moisture, terra b. humorem, Virg. 
 Georg. 2, 218 : sponges s. up the vhite 
 dj/e.spongiae candorem b., Plin. ^i, 47, i : 
 
 V. TO IMBIBE, DRINK (in). 6. duCO, 
 
 xi, ctum, 3 : to s. the juice from Jloners, 
 *sucum e fioribus d., Georg. 7. traho, 
 traxi, tractum, j : moisture is s.'d up, 
 humor trahitur, C«l. j, 18 : s. dry breasts, 
 ubera sicca trahentes, Luc. j, J5i. 8. 
 ebibo, bibi, bibitum, ? : the .?ea s.s in 
 rivers, fretum e. amnes, Ov. Met. 8, 
 8^7 wool S.S up the crimson dye, lana 
 saniem e., Plin. 9, }8, 62. B. in- 
 
 trans. : 1. sugo : some animals s., 
 alia animalia s., Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122. 
 2. libera duco, Jut. 12, 7. To let 
 s., ad ubera admittere (of animals with 
 their young) : the mare lets her foal s., 
 equa partum ad u. a., Plin. «, 42, od/n. ; 
 *ad mammam matris admovere (of men 
 putting young animals to s.): Georg.: 
 subriimo, i (of lambs, a peasants' word): 
 Col. — .Sucking, lactens: a s.ing chili, 
 puer 1., Cic. Div. 2, 41, 8;: s.ing cubs, 
 1. catuli, Ov. A. A. 2, J75 : a s.ing pig, 
 porcus 1., Varr. R. R. 2, 4, ./in. : lacteus: 
 o s.ing pig, I. porcus. Mart. }, 47. 
 
 suck dry: ebibo, bibi, bibitum, }: 
 to s. dry milk teats, ubera lactantia e., 
 Ov. Met. 6, J42. Fig. (to drain): ex- 
 haurio, Cic. : exsorbeo, Juv. : exinani(j 
 
 Plaut. : V. TO DRAIN, EXHAUST. 
 
 sucker: 1. planta: see ConingtoD, 
 Virg. Georg. 2, 2}. 2. surciilus : Plin. 
 17, 10, I J: Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 6. 
 
 sucking (subs.) : suctus, us, m. : Plin. 
 8, }6, J4 : or expr. by verb. 
 
 suckle : ubera dare alicui, Ov. Met. 
 
 4, J 24 : dare mammam, Plaut. True. 2, 
 
 5, I : to s. cubs, ubera praebere catuUs, 
 Ov. A. A. 2, 37; : the wolf s.d the babes, 
 lupa mammas infantibus praebuit, Liv. 
 1.4: illnesses s.d, admorunt ubera tigres, 
 V^irg. Aen. 4, 367 : whales and seals s. 
 their young, balaenae et vituli marini 
 mammis nutriunt fetus, Plin. 11, 4«\ 
 fin. : every mother s.s her children, sua 
 quemque mater uberibus alit, Tac. Ger. 
 20: to s. (of sows), nutrico, i, Varr.: 
 s.ing (giving s.), lactarius: 1. boves, Varr. 
 R. R. 2, I. 17 : nutricius: Col. j, ij, 7. 
 
 suckling (subs.): I. A suclcing 
 
 child: 1. lactens: Cic. Cat. j, 8, 19. 
 2. lactens: the s.s of one's slaves, 
 lactei vernae. Mart, j, 58. ||, Act ofs. : 
 expr. by verb : rearing young, niitri- 
 catus, Varr. 
 
 suction : suctus : v. sucking. 
 
 sudatory (adj.) : siidatorius : s. 
 anointings, s. unctiones, Plaut. Stich. 2, 
 I, 7J- 
 
 sudatory (subs.) : a sweating-room 
 or bath : 1. stidatorium : Sen. Vit. 
 B. 7. 2. siidatio: Vitr. 5, 11, med. 
 
 sudden : 1. stlbltus (coming s.ly, 
 unexpected or not) : a s. storm at sea, 
 maris s. tempestas, Cic. Tusc. }, 22, i2 : 
 s. silence, s. silentium. Quint. 12, 5. ?: 
 a s. reverse, s. commutatio, Nep. Dion 6: 
 «. death, mors s., Virg. Aen. 11, 796: 
 s. shower, s. imber, Ov. Fast. 4. 585 • 
 s. dread, s. terror, Ov. Met. I, 202 : a s. 
 stab, s. ictus, Liv. i, 41. Join s. et 
 repentinus, Caes. B.G. }, 8. 2. repen- 
 tinus (cc/ming unexpectedly, and hence 
 quickly also) : s. danger, r. perieulum, 
 Caes B. G. }, } : s. death, r. mors, Cic. 
 Clu. 62, 173. Join: r. et inopinatus, 
 id. Fuse. 3, 19; 45 : improvisus atque r., 
 id. Agr. 2, 22, 60 : r. inopinatusque, 
 Suet. Caes. 87 : ine.\pectatus et r, Cic. 
 de Or. J, 55, 225. 3. repens, ntis : S. 
 revolt, r. defectio, Liv. 8, 29, and passin:
 
 SUDDENLY 
 
 S C F F E R 
 
 SUFFICIENCV 
 
 «. arrival of tkefoe, s. adveutus hostium, 
 Cic. Tusr. ?, 22, 55 : s. discord, r. dis- 
 cordid, Virg. Aeii. 12, Jl{ : as. mutiny, 
 r. sedillo, Ov. Met. 12, 6i : o «. s/mtot, 
 r. tempestas, Cic.Scxt. 67, 140. 4. '•"; 
 provisus: Join: s. fear, suhita et i. 
 formido, id. Prov. Cons. 18, 4{ : i. aUjue 
 inopinatUH, id. Tusc. 4, 15, SI v. rN- 
 KORKSEEN. 5. "6copi"&tU'' ■ s.aiiifal, 
 n. adventus, Liv. 26, 5 1 : s. eoil, 11. malum, 
 Cic. Tusc, }, ij, 28: necOplnus (poet.) ; 
 Ov. Met. I, 224. inupinatus : s. dinuster, 
 i. mai\im, Caes. B.C. 2, 12: Inopinus: 
 s. drought, i. siccltas, I'lln. I'aii. ?o, 
 and poet.; v. unk.xi-ectki>. 6. 1"- 
 exppctatus: v. unexphcted. 7. siil'i- 
 taneus : a s. shower, ». imber, CoL i, 
 6, 24. 
 
 suddenly : 1. subito: Plaut.-. Cic: 
 Liv. : Hor. 2. repente : Plaut.: Caes. : 
 Cic. 3, derfipente: Cic. 4. rgpen- 
 lino: I'laut. : Caes.; Cic. 5. impro- 
 vise. Plant.: Cic: de i. : Ter.: Caes. • 
 Cic: ex i. : Plaut. 6. In6pinato: Liv.: 
 ex i. : Cic. Join: rfipentg ex 1., Suet. 
 Galb. 10: n§copinalo: Cic: Liv. Join: 
 wars arise s., bcUa subito atque impro- 
 visa riascuutur, Cic. Font 15, 32 : Jirf s. 
 appeared, improviso subitusque appa- 
 rnit ignis, Virg. Acn. 12, ;'76 ; he s. says, 
 repente improvisus ait, Virg. Aen. t, 594. j 
 Raised suddenly: siibltaiiiis • mil. t. t. 
 (of troops), Liv, J, 4: of buildings, 
 Tac. A. 15. »9- 
 suddenness : expr. by oiij. or adv. 
 sudorific : 1. p-^P""- by evocare 
 sudores, cf. Pliii. 2-), 9. 48: ciere s., id. 
 Ji, 10, 46 : movere, elici're s., Cels. 2, i^. 
 2. diapboreticiis ; Cod. Aur. 
 suds : * aqua sapono infecUv, Georg. 
 sue: I. To entreat : 1, r6go, I : 
 to s. for aid, r. aiixilium, Caes. B. G. i, 
 II : to s. the gods for riches, divitias 
 divos r., Mart. 4, 24. [N.B.— For con- 
 struction ot this and similar verbs, v. 
 L. G. i 344.] 2. oro, I : to s. any 
 vne for freedom, aliquem litjerlaicm o.. 
 Suet. Vesp. 16: Liv.: Tac: wiih ut 
 iadsubj. : he s.s humbly for purmissinn, 
 o. multis et supplicibus verbis ut liceat, 
 Cic Att. 12, }2. 3. flaRito, i : nur do 
 I s. my powerful friend for too great 
 favours, nee amicum potentom largiora 
 "f., Hor. Od. 2, 18, I}. J o i n : <" .-t. ear- 
 nestly, f. et implorare, Cic. Rab. perd. 
 5,9; poscere et f., Cic. Verr. 5, 28, 71. 
 4. efflagito, I (strong) : to s. for 
 another's pity, misericordiam alicujus e., 
 Cic. Mil. J4. 6. precor, I : whom ue 
 s.for blessings, a quibus bona precjimur, 
 Cic. N. D. J, J4, 84. Join: p. et sup- 
 plico, Liv. 38, 4J : Ov. 6. p6to, Ivi 
 or 11, itum, } : to s.for peace, pacem p., 
 Caes. B. G. i, 27 : that for which we s. 
 with prayers and tears, id quod prccibus 
 etlacrimisp.,Cic. Lig. 5.13: los.anyone 
 for indulgence, ab aliquo pacem ac ve- 
 "niam p., id. Rab. perd. 2, 5, 7. P^s- 
 ttilo, I {to s. as a right) : to s. a friend 
 for anything, quidvis ab aniico p., Cic. 
 Am. 10, 35. 8. exposco. popo.sci, ? ; 
 to s. for peace, pacem precibus e., Liv. 
 I, 16. Join: Is.forpily. mLsericor- 
 diam et iniploro et e., Cic Mil. 34 92. 
 9. obsecro, i ; / s.for your protec- 
 tion, o. vestram fidcm, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 
 97. Join, orare et o., Cic. Verr. 2, 17, 
 42. 10. prenso, i (for tx>tes) : to s. 
 the senaliiis, p. patres. Liv. i, 47: Cic. 
 
 11. anibio, ivi or ii, itvim, 4 (to s. 
 for votes and giii.) : to s. for a magis- 
 tracy, a. magistraluin sibi, I'laut. Am. 
 Prol. 74: he S.S you irith enfi'T entreaty, 
 tc a. sollicita prece, Hor. Od. i, 35, 5. 
 
 12. s'lpplico, I : I s. Cai'sar on your 
 behalf, Caesarl pro le s., Cic. Fam. 6, 14. 
 extr. 13. sequor, sfcutus, 3 (rare in 
 this sense): to s. for Caesar's Jnwour, 
 gratiam Caesaris s., Caes. B. C. i. i ; v. 
 
 ENTREAT, REQUMT (t).), SUIT (subS.) : to 
 
 s. successfully, impetro, i : v. to gain, 
 OBTAIN. II, To bring a claim at lair : 
 agere rem cum aliquo ex jure, lege, Cic 
 de Or. I, 38, 75 • in jus vocare, Cic. Quint. 
 19: litem inferre alicul, Cic. Clu. 41. 
 P h r. : to s.for recovery, repetere et pcr- 
 seqni aliquid lite et Judicio, Cic. Verr. 3, 
 U, 32: V. sun (subs.), AiTiON. 
 
 suet : sebum or sevum : Plin. ii, 37, 1 cior. fectns, j (with abl.. to s.from any 
 
 gc : 0,1' ! thing) : the army had s.'dfrt/ni ditecoe 
 
 suffer: A. Trans.: |. Tobear e.xerciius pestilentia affetlus eral, Liv 
 
 (conveying an idea of patience or 
 !<trengtb) : 1. pallor, piisscis, 3 ; to s. 
 a very severe punishment, gravisslnium 
 suppiicium p., Caes. B. G. 2, 30 : to du 
 and s. bravely, et lacere et p. fortia, Liv. 
 2, 1 2, meA. : cf. Cic. Tim. 6, med. : pain 
 is hard to s., dolor ad patieiidum dlffi- 
 cilis, Cic. Tusc. 2, 7, 18: (;aul s.s all 
 the injuries of war patiently, G. omnes 
 aequo animo belli paiiliir injurias, id. 
 I'hil. 12, 4, 19. 2. fCro, tuli, latum, 
 lerre ; to s. misfortunes, calaniitates f., 
 Nep. Tim. 4 ; frntune must he overcome 
 by s.ing, supefanda iortuna ferendo est, 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 710: to s. ills, mala f., 
 
 Ov. Prist. 4, 6, 57: V. TO BEAR. 3. 
 
 perffro : by s.ing cold, hunger, tliiisl, 
 loss of rest, frigore et fame et siti ac 
 vigiliis perferendis, Cic. Cat. 2, 5. 9. 
 4. perpetior, pessus, 3 fhave staled 
 that i will s. anything, aflirniavi quid- 
 vis me perpessurum, id. Fam. 2, 16 : 
 Caes. Join: p ac pcrfcro, id. de Or. 
 2, 19, 71. 5. tfilero. I ; to s. hunger, 
 I. famem,Caes. B. G. I, 28; to s. need, 
 t. inopiani, .Sail C. 37 ; to s. poverty, t. 
 egestatcni, Plant. Trin. 2, 2, 57- 6. 
 sustiiieo, ui, tcntum, 2 ; you do not Icnow 
 what mi.<<eries I s., non tu scis quantum 
 malaruni rerum s., id. Merc. 2, 4, 8 : 
 to s. troubUs, s. dolores, I'lin. Kp. i, 12, 
 med. Join: ferre s.que, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
 6, 16. P b r. : not to be. able to s. any one, 
 alieno animo esse ab aliquo, id. l)eiot. 
 9,24: habere animum alienum ab ali- 
 quo, id. Am. 8, fn. :...,. swh faults, 
 abborrere a talibus viliis, Cic. Fat. 4, 8 : 
 V. DETJSiT, iNSUFFEitABi.K. ||, To Un- 
 dergo (of the fact, without relerence to 
 feelings or conduct) : 1. suTOro, sus- 
 tiili, sublatum, sufferre, ; : to s. punish- 
 ment, s. poenam, Cic. Cat. 2, i ?, 28 ; to 
 s. strips, s. plagas, I'laut. Amu. 3, 2, 11. 
 2. accipio, cepi, ceptum, 3 ; to s. a 
 misfortune, a. calamitaiem, Cic. Off. 3, 
 26, 99 : to s. an injury, a. injuriani, ib. 
 I, II, 33: to s. pai?/, a. dolorem, id. Dom. 
 36, 97 : to .t. defeat, a. cladem,Curt. 4, 12. 
 3. tacio, feci, factum, 3 (with damnnm, 
 detrimcntuni, jaclnram, naufragium) : 
 to s. loss, f. dam., Cic. Brut. 33, I25 : to s. 
 damage, f. detr., id. Verr. 4, 9. 20 to s. 
 shipwreck, f. naufr., id. Fam. 16,9; tos.a 
 most serious loss, jacturam gravissimam 
 f., Plin. Ep. I, 12; Cic. 4. subeo, 
 
 Ivi or ii, itum, 4 ; to s. whatever risk 
 fortune offers, quenicunque tuleiit fors 
 casura s., Cic Att. 8, i ; v. undergo. 
 5. suscipio, cepI, ceptum. 3 (to s. 
 voluntarily) : to s. pain, dolorem s., id. 
 Fin. I, 7, 24: to s. annoyance on any 
 one's behalf, s. molestiam p'O aliquo, 
 id. Caecin. 8, 17. 6. exsfiqnor, sgcutus, 
 3 ; to s. death, e. mortem. Plant. Pseud. 
 4, 2, 38. 7. afficior, lecius, 3 . to s. 
 exile, exilio a., Cic Par. 4, 31 ; s.ing the 
 (/reatest annoyance, raaximii mol.siia 
 affectus. Id. Fam. I, 9, 20 : to s. wont, 
 pain, cold, thirst, etc. : egeo, doleo, trigeo, 
 sitio, etc III. To allow, let, pel mil : 
 
 1. patior : he s.'d no day to pass 
 without speaking, nullum patiebatur 
 esse diem quiti dlcent, Cic. Brut. 88, 
 302 : J viU not s. it at all. iion feram, 
 non patiar, noii sinam, Cic. Cai. I, 5, 10: 
 with ut and sulj. : Caes. B. G. i, 4;. 
 
 2. fCro ; with (icc. and ml'. : Hor. 
 Epod. i;, u ; to s. the insolence of any 
 one, contunuiciam alicujus f., Cic. Att. 6, 
 3 : icAo could S. this f hoc quis f. possit ? 
 Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10: v. ALLOW. 3. sino, 
 sivi, situm, 3 : s. me to speak, if you 
 please, sine sis loqui me, Plaut. Pseud. 
 
 !, 2, 50: Cic: Hor.: Virg.: with sulij. 
 without ut after the imperative : Hor. : 
 Virg. : V. let. 4. pcrmitto, misl, 
 missum, 3 : Cic : Liv. : etc. : v. to I'er- 
 M it. P h r. : the matte r s.s no di lay. res 
 dilaiionem non recipit, Liv. 7, 14: non 
 patitur, id. 35, 2?: tiiins s. thetnselves 
 to be whipped, indulgent patlentiam fla- 
 gello tlgros. Mart, i, 105. B. Intr. ; 
 |. 7b he t» pain or trouble: 1. 
 expr. by mala, dolorem ferre or pati : 
 see examples under A., I. 2. ^ff' 
 
 41, 5' /«■ S.S from pams in the feet, 
 pedum doioribus a., Cic Fam. 6, 19: to 
 s.from cholic, tumiinibus a., I'bn. 29, 5, 
 33 : epp. in i^rt. : cf. Cic. Div. i, 30,63 : 
 •Suet. 3. laboro, 1 : ahs., Cic. Att. 7, 
 2 : to s. in the Umels. ex Iniestinls 1., 
 Cic Fam. 7, 26 : to s. from (he opprtst 
 by) debt, 1. ex aere alieno. Caes. B. C. j, 
 22: to s. from crueltii. 1. crudelitate, 
 Cic. Rose Am. 53, fn.: to s. from 
 (labour under) halied and contempt, 
 odio, contemplu I., Liv. 6, 2. 4. P"^- 
 mor, pressus, 3 : to s. from envy and 
 hatred, Invidia et odio p., Cic de Or. 1, 
 53, 228; to s.from ileht or opprrttiun, 
 aere alieno ant injuria p., C£.?s. B. G. 6, 
 12. 5. aegrOto, i ; a< giT sum (to *. 
 from disra-^e \/\\.. and F i g.) : v. sick, 
 ILL. 6. criicior, l (to s. severely) : 
 
 Cic: Liv.: Ov.: v. torment (r.). Phr.: 
 the regiment s.'d in the eiujagemertU, 
 legio proeliis atteuuata est, < 'aes. B. C 
 
 3, 89: the ships which had s.'d most 
 severely, qii;ie cravissime affllciae erant 
 naves, id. B. G. 4, 31 : that the public 
 interests may not s., lie quid detrinienti 
 res publica capiat, id. B. C. I, 5 : 
 public credit having already s.'d, lab*- 
 lacta jam fide. Suet. Ve.sp. 4 ; Uiat the 
 dignity of the state may not s., ne quid 
 de dignitate rei p. minuatur, Cic. Cat. 4, 
 6, 13: the ships s.'d much in the storm, 
 tempestas naves afflictavit, Caes. B. G. 
 
 4. 29. II. To he punisheii : poenas 
 [lendo, do, luo, persolvo : the slate s.'d 
 severely for its foolish joy, ci vitas 
 stultae laetitiae graves poenas dedit. 
 Sail. C. 51 : V. I'UNisH. Phr.: a k-ind 
 of death s.'d by many, celebratum inortie 
 genus. Tac. H. 2, 49, Jin : to make one 
 s.for a fault, poena..* ab aliquo expetere 
 oil delictum, Cic Marc. 6, 18. 
 
 sufferable; toierabilis. tClgrandus, 
 leviiilu- Cic. 
 
 sufferance: I. Act of taring 
 
 pain: 1. toieratio. 2. perpe^sio : 
 V. suffering, L II. I'outr of liear- 
 ing: 1, paticntia: Cic: Hor. Od. i, 
 24, 19. 2. toleraiitia: Cic. Parad. 4, 
 
 1,17: V. patience, FOKHKARASCE. |||. 
 
 J'ermission : expr. by adj. prficSrlus : 
 Ireedom on s., precaria libertas, Liv. 3^, 
 
 "37 • V. PEKMISSION. 
 
 sufferer : I. ^''W" '""<« •■ aeger, 
 aegroius, affectus: v. invai.iu.sick, ill. 
 II. Generally . caIaniito.>us : Cic 
 Fam. a 13: or expr. by verb. 
 
 suffice: 1. siifTiclo, feci, fecfum, 
 3 : with inf. as subject. Suet. Nero 31 : 
 the same with dot. : let it not s. them to 
 Jashion, nee iis sufliciat effiiigere, Quint. 
 10, ■}. 15: with irrep. (v. akh)RI>, sup- 
 1-lv) with suhj., it s.sfor you to Ut. . ., 
 sufncit ut. . . sinas, Plin. Ep.9, 21 : with 
 ne, ib. 9, 33. 2. satis es-se ; Uuir oicn 
 properti/ does not s. them, res suae non 
 satis sunt, Liv. 9, 1 ; for the pre,<ent the 
 lecorery of liberty s.s, nunc lilierlatem 
 repeti s. e., Liv. {. 53 : tliat two years s. 
 him for finishing that business, ndvaB 
 res conficiendas bieniiiuni >ibi s. e.. Caes. 
 B. G. I, 3. 3. suppijto. ivi or ii, itum, 
 3 ; his means s. for daily expenses, quo- 
 tidianis sumptibus copiae s.. Cic. Tusc 
 5, 32, 89: Hor. 4. suppedito. I; to 
 s. for dress andfotd, s. ad ciiltuin et ad 
 victum, Cic. Off. i. 4, 12 Liv. Phr.: 
 it quite s.sfor me. inllil abunde est, PliiL 
 Kp. 4, 33. f-r'''- . . 
 
 sufficiency : 1. sai-a-s fis./. •• »• 
 
 o/"/oo(i,s.cibi.Lucr. 5,1189 Plaut. 2. 
 sailetas (rare in this >ense) nor is there 
 unv s.of adornment, nee uUa omandi 
 sat'is s. e.-t» Plaut. I'oen. I, 2, 6. 3. 
 >Jtis, w ith gen. of subs. : a s. of elo- 
 quence, a delh-iaicy of nisilom, satis 
 eloquentiae, s!»pi>iitiae parum. Aili. C. 
 1; : Cic. : Liv. ; more than a s. ol any- 
 thing, satis superque ali.ujiis, Liv. 41 
 25 a s., quod xal est, Plaut. Poen. 2, 12 
 Phr.. a s.of iiraWfc.dlvltiarum alTatim 
 Plaut Mil. 4, I, 33 • <J '«»■< «■ 0//00C 
 and clothing, tenuis cultus viciusc;-«i 
 Cic. Am. 23', 86; to hnv a s. (of means), 
 in suniptum h.ibere, Cic. Fam. 9, 10, I ; 
 815
 
 SUFFICIENT 
 
 SUICIDE 
 
 sriT 
 
 Who Jias a s. of everythivg which nature 
 needs, cui nihil deest quod quidem natura 
 desideret, Cic. Rep. i, n, 28. 
 
 sufficient : 1. satis (with gen.) : 
 t. excuse for abusing, s. ad objurgandum 
 causae, Ter. And. i, i. Iil: s. punish- 
 ment, s. poenae, Ov. Her. 14, 87 . s. stead- 
 fastness, s. firmitatis, Cic. Am. 5, 19. 
 
 2. Idoneus : a s. voucher, idoneus 
 auctor, Cic. Brut. 15, 57- of. Li v. 8, 4. 
 Join: satis idoneus, Cic. Ep. Brut. 2, 7. 
 
 3. is... ut, is... qui, with subj.: 
 that man is s. to uphold, est is vir iste 
 ut... sustineat. Cic. Flacc. 15, 54; Ueio- 
 tarus had not forces s. for taking the 
 offensive against the R. I'., 1). non eas 
 copias habuit quibus bellum inferre 
 P. R. posset, Cic. Deiot. 8, 22. I' h r. : 
 that we may have s. means for necessary 
 expenses, ut sit unde nobis suppedilentur 
 Btiinptus necessarii, Cic. Att. 11, ij: to 
 have s. strength for tlte toil, labori sup- 
 peditare, Plaut. Asin. 2, 4, 17 : to have s. 
 means, rem habere, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 7? : s. 
 security, satis, witli do, caveo, accipio : 
 
 V. SECUBITi", BAIL. To be S. : V. SUFFICE. 
 
 sufficiently : satis : Idonee (rare), 
 Cic. : Ulp. : satiate, Vitr. : quite s., affa- 
 tim, Cic. : Plin. : more tlmn s., satis su- 
 
 firque, abunde : nrd s., non p:inim. 
 xpr. also by satiare : e. g. to manure 
 land s., solum stercore s.. Col. 2, 10, 2{ ; 
 after sleeping s., somno satialus. Liv. 
 
 suffocate : 1. suflbco, i . to be 
 
 placed in honey and s.d, in melle situm 
 suffocari, Lucr. j. 904; v. to strangle, 
 CHOKE. 2. spiritum intercludo : Liv. 
 40, 24 : being s.d, anima interclusa, Liv, 
 
 Zi, 7 ; V. STIFLE. 
 
 suffocation: *.suffocatio (used by 
 Plin. of hysteria); or expr. by verb. 
 
 suffragan : chorepisiopus : Cod. 
 Just. I, J, 42: *episcopi vicarius. 
 
 suffrage : I. ^ w>te .■ suffragium : 
 Cic. l.*g. }, 15, }}: Plaut.. Liv ||. 
 Right of voting: suffragium: Liv. 58, 
 j6: Cic. 
 
 suffuse : suffundo, fudi, lusum, j : 
 with her eyes s.d with tears, lacrimis 
 oculoe suffusa, Virg. Aeii. i, 228 : her 
 /ace becoming s.d imth blushes, siiffun- 
 dens ora rubore, Ov. Met. i , 484 : eyes 
 are s.d {rvilh tears), oculi suffunduntur. 
 Sen. Clem. 2, 6, meU. ; in ocf, she s.s her 
 eyes witli warm dew (of tears), tepido 8. 
 Imnina rore, Ov. Met. 10, }6o; his fact 
 is s.d witli tears and blushes, lacrimis ac 
 multo pudore suffunditur, Plin. Pan. 2, 
 Jtn. : higher air s.d with heat, aether 
 calore suffusus, Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 54. 
 P h r. : with his face s.d ivith blushes, 
 vultu ruboris pleno, Suet. Dom. 18. 
 
 suffusion ; snffusio : s. of bile, s. 
 felMs (of jaundice), Plin. 22, 2}, 49: or 
 expr. by verb. 
 
 sugar {subs.) : 1, saccharon, or 
 •um, i, n. (for which v. Smith's Lat. 
 Diet. s. V.) : s. is honey collectci in reeds, 
 (a.) est mel in arundiiiibiis collectum, 
 Plin. 12, 8, 17, } 52 (cf. apud Indos mel 
 in arundinum folils. Sen. Ep. 84, j) : 
 brojim or moUt s., *s. nondum a faecibus 
 satis purgatum (Ainsw.): powdered s., 
 *8. ad pulverem redactum (id.) • loaf s., 
 •s. in nietae modum ((juich.) : to refine 
 »., *s. defaecare (id.). 2. siicus dul- 
 cis (in plur.) : they who suck s. from 
 the fragile reed, qui bibunt tenera dul- 
 ces ab arundine s., Lucan j, 2 J7. P h r. : 
 tweet as s., dulcissimus, mellitus (v. 
 
 SWEET, HONETF.D). 
 
 sugar (v.) : * saccharo condire 
 
 (Georg.). For fig. sense, v. to flattkr, 
 
 sugared: *sacchiro conditus: v. 
 
 SWEET, HONEYED. 
 
 -baker : dulciarius, pistor du!- 
 
 ciarius. v confectioner. 
 
 basin ; perh. * pS,tina (lit. a 
 
 broad dish, pan). 
 
 — -boiler : * coctor 
 
 sacchari 
 
 (Georg.). 
 
 
 •boiling t * coctura 
 
 sacchari 
 
 (Georg.). 
 
 
 -candy : * saccbarum 
 
 crystal- 
 
 linnm (Georg.). 
 
 
 -cane : * iirundo 
 
 sacchari 
 
 (Georg.) : o.' simply arundo (v. sugar, 
 
 subs.). 
 
 
 816 
 
 
 sugar-house or manufactory : 
 perh. *offIciiia sacchari (based on, o. 
 armorum, Caes. B.C. i. J4)- 
 
 -loaf: *meta sacchari (Georg.) : 
 
 or * in nutam saccharuni. 
 
 plantation : perh. * locus sac- 
 chari aruiidiiiibus coiisiius s. olisitus. 
 
 -plum : perh- * aniygdalum 
 
 (an almond- kernel) saccharo conditum 
 (Kr.) : for plur., crusttila may serve 
 (cl. ut pueris olim dant crustula blandi 
 doctores, Hor.) : v. also confection- 
 ery. 
 
 -refiner : '^- sugab-boilkr. 
 
 tongs : pe""!"- *forceps, simply. 
 
 suggest: 1. subjicio, jeci, jecium, 
 } : s.ing what I should say, subjiciens 
 quid dicerem, Cic. Flac. 22, 5J : I desire 
 that anything, that I perchance pass 
 over, should be s.'d to me by him, cupio 
 mihi ab illo subjici, siquid forte prae- 
 tereo, id. Verr. 5, 10, 25 : cf. Liv. j, 48, 
 extr. 2. objicio, jeci, Jectum, J: to s. 
 to one tliC intentionof betraying his own 
 country, alicui earn raentem ut patriara 
 prodat o., Liv, 5, 15, post med. 3. 
 insiisurro, i : the west iiyind itself s.s 
 that it is the time for sailing, Favonius 
 ipse 1. navigandi tempus esse, Cic. Acad. 
 2,48, 147. 4. injicio, Jeci, jectum, }: 
 to s. one's name to one, alicui nomen ali- 
 cujus i„ id. Dom. 6, 14: cf. Att. 16, ;, i. 
 5, expr. by in s. ad aurem s. in aure 
 dicere, admonere, etc. (to whisper in the 
 ear : v. to whisper) : Cic. : Hor. : v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. auris, I. 6. 
 suggero, gessi, gestum, } (only late): 
 Ulp Dig. 4, 6, 26, fin. Phr. : to s. it- 
 self to the thoughts, in cogitationem cad- 
 ere, Cic. N. I). I, 9, 21 : language such 
 as anger and dissimulation s., sermo 
 qualem ira et dissimulatio gignit, Tac. 
 A. 2, 57,Jiie(i. ; unless the imwrrtal gods 
 liad s.'d to him the idea of, etc., nisi eum 
 Dii immortales in eam meniem impulis- 
 senl ut (with subj.), Cic. Mil. j J, 89 : v. 
 
 also to MINI', AUMONISH, ADVI.SE. 
 
 suggestion : I. ^ renninding : 
 
 1, admoiiltio : by the s. of one word, 
 they are restored to the memory, unius 
 admonitione verbi in memoriam repo- 
 nuntur. Quint. II, 2, 19. 2. admdni- 
 tus, us : at the s. of the Allobroges I sent 
 the praetor, admonitu AUobrogum prae- 
 torem misi, Cic. Cat. j, j, 8 : at your 
 s. I completed the books, admonitu tuo 
 perfeci libros, id. Att. u, 18. ||. 
 Instigation, adince : consilium : v. ad- 
 vice. Mi see 11. Phr. : at the s. of the 
 senate, impulsu patrum (v. instigation) : 
 at my s., me impulsore, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 21 
 (Join; me suasore et impulsore, I'l. 
 Most. }, }, IJ): cf. me auctore, Cic, 
 pass. : to give a s. of, etc., auctorem esse 
 (with gen. of subs, or gerund.), or expr. 
 by verb (v. to suggest) : following the 
 s. of the moment, quo fortuitus anlmi 
 impetus tulit, Liv. (Quieh.)* to follow 
 one's good s., *aliquem sequi l)ene nion- 
 entem, alicui bene monenti obedire 
 (Georg.) : to despise one's s.s, aliqueni 
 monentem spernere, aliquem bene mon- 
 entem sequi recusare (id.): to follow the 
 s.s of anger, parere irae, Nep. Ale. 4, 
 ad fin. : to follow one's oum s., gerere 
 sibi morem, Ter. (v. to gratify). 
 
 suggestive: qui (quae, quod), pot- 
 est (with inf. of verb : v. to suggest, 
 
 REMIND') : V. also PREMONITORY. 
 
 suicidal: v. fatal, destbu<;tivb. 
 
 Stlicide : I. Self-destnwtion : mors 
 voluntaria: s. must be brought on one- 
 self, mors voluntaria eonsciscenda (est), 
 Cic. Fam. 7, {, j : to put an end to one's 
 life by s., vitara voluntaria niorte finire, 
 Plin. 6, 19, 22, 5 66: to drive to s., ad 
 voluniariam mortem propellere, Tac. A. 
 II, 2. Phr. : s., finis sponte sumptus, 
 Tac. (Quich.) : by s.,morte quaesita, Tac. 
 A. I, 5 : .t. being prevalent, pacslm con- 
 scita nece, Plin. 16, i;, 24, ^ 107: to 
 meditate s., agitare de supremis, Tac. H. 
 4. 59! to abstain from s., manus a se 
 abstinere, Cic. Tusc. 4, J7, 79. 'fo com- 
 mit s., sibi mortem consciscere, id. Clu. 
 6i, 171 (cf. sibi l^tuni consciscere, Lucr. 
 J, 81 : sibi necem consciscere, Cic. N. D. 
 2, }, 8) : se ipsuiu interflcere, Sulpic. in 
 
 Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 2 (cf. Crassus snapta 
 manu interfectus, id. Or. j, j, 10): se 
 occidere, Cic. 0pp. (Fragm. No. 160, 
 Nobbe), quoted by Quint. 5, 10, 69: sibi 
 manus afferie. Plane, in Cic. Fam. 10, 
 2J, 4 (cf. vim vitae suae inferre, Veil. 2, 
 45, ad fin.): slbl manu vitam exhaurire, 
 Cic. Sest. 21, 48 : vita se privare, id. de 
 Or. J, }. 9 : mortem in se festinare, Tac. 
 A. 4, 28 'cf. mortem anticipare. Suet. 
 Tib. 61, ad fin.): sua manu cadere, Tac 
 A. 15, 71 (cf. ipsa sua Dido conddit usa 
 manu, Ov. Her. 7, 146: qui sibi letum 
 peperere manu, Virg. Aen. 6, 454). 
 II. One who destroys himself: in- 
 teremptor sui : to become a s., i. sui fieri. 
 Sen. Ep. 70, ad med. But best expr. by 
 periphr. with verb: e. g. qui sibi letum 
 peperere manu (poet.): qui sibi mortem 
 consciscit, etc. (v. supr. 1.). 
 
 suit (subs.) : \. A laiv-suit : 1. 
 Us, litis, /. ; to enter on a s.by caUing 
 witnesses, 1. contestari, Cic Att. 16. 15, 
 2 : to enter on a s. against some one, 1. 
 alicui intendere s. in aliquem inferre, id , 
 (v. law-suit, TO sue): to conduct a s, 
 1. orare, id. Off. j, 10, 4? (v. also to 
 plead, II.) : to abandon a s. (of an advo- 
 cate who neglects his client's cause and 
 defends himself), 1. suam facere, id. de 
 Or. 2, 75, J05: to gain or lose a s., I. 
 obtinere aut amittere, id. Rose. Com. 4, 
 10 (v. also TO LOSE, I., 2.). 2. causa : 
 to conduct a «., c orare «. dicere s. agere 
 (v. TO plead, II.) : to gain a s., c. obtin- 
 ere, Cic. Fam. i, 4, i : cf. c. vincere, Ov. 
 H. 16, 76: to lose a s. (through mis- 
 conduct in the defence), c. perdere, Cic. 
 Rose. Com. 4, 10: to be cast in a s., 
 causa cadere (v. to nonsuit : cf. formula 
 cadere, Sen. Ep. 48, fin. : formula ex- 
 ciiiere, Suet. Claud. 14: also cadere, 
 abfol., Tac. H. 4, 6) : to drop or abandon 
 a s., causa desistere, Cic. Off. J. Jl, ill : 
 cf. afliigere c. susceptam, id. Sest. 41, 89 : 
 V. cause (subs., 11.). 3. I'cs, r«i : v. 
 cause (subs., II., 2.). [Cf. Cic. Mur. 12, 
 fin., tot homines statuere non potuisic, 
 utrum rem an litem dici oportcret.J 
 4, actio, onis, /. : the s.s of many 
 and the property in s. were lost, niultis 
 a. et res peribant, Liv. jg, 18, i7>it. ; v. 
 also action (V., 1.). 5. <lica : v. ac- 
 tion (V., 2.). 6. jiidieium: to gain 
 a s., judicio vincere, Cic. Rose. Com. 
 18, 5}: V. trial, criminal (adj. II.;. 
 Phr.: to demand a s. against some one 
 (from the praetor), in aliquem delation- 
 em nominis postulare, Cic. Div. in Caecil 
 20, 64: to grant a s., (of the praetor), 
 nomen recipere (with gen. of the person 
 sued), id. Verr. 2, J 8, 94 (for which Tac. 
 A. 2, 74, has recipere reum : and lb. }, 
 70, aliquem inter reos recipere) : to bring 
 a s. against (lit. propose a judge to) 
 some one, judicem ferre alicui, Liv. j, 57, 
 ad med. : to bring a s. according to Uivj 
 in respect of an inheritance, lege agere 
 in hereditatem, Cic de Or, l, }S, 175. 
 II, Petition : q. v. |||. ('ourtship : 
 q. v. ' Phr.: (of the man) to make s. to, 
 peto (v. to woo, suitor, Phr.) : she ha* 
 rejected my s., repulit eonnubia nostra, 
 Virg. Aen. 4, 214. [O"" '"''y ^ ^^P^- ^^ 
 sperno, contemno, etc. (v. 10 despisb, 
 reject) amantem, procum, etc. (v. 
 lover, 11., suitor, IV.)] IV. -4 *■ 0/ 
 clothes : synthesis, is, /. ; Mirt. 2, 46, 4. 
 Or expr. gen. by vestitus. vestinienta 
 (v. clothes), a t. of armour, arma, 
 etc. (V. AKMOUB). V. A s. of playing 
 cards : perh. * chartarum lusoriarum 
 familia s. genus. Phr.; to follow a., 
 perh. *charta concolore s. simili ludere, 
 
 For to follow S. (fig.), V. TO IMITATE. 
 
 See also suite. 
 
 Suit(i'-)- A. Trans.: To adapt: 
 
 1. aecommSdo, i : v. to fit, accommo- 
 
 DATE. 2. compono, j : v. to adapt. 
 
 TO arrange, regulate. Phr.: to*. 
 
 j the action to the word, may be expr. by 
 
 ! dictum ac factum s. dictum factum (no 
 
 sooner said than done : v. Smith's Lat 
 
 Diet. s. v.dico, 1., 4.). B. I n trans. : 
 
 \, To be adapted to: 1. convenio.veni. 
 
 ventum, 4 : liquid food s.s the fatigued. 
 
 eibus humidus latigatis convenit, Cels. 
 
 which vices seem to t. any one you pleas$
 
 SUITABLE, SUITED 
 
 SULLEN 
 
 SUM 
 
 rOQur than him you mention, quae vitia 
 In quemvis vldentnr potius quam In 
 istuin c, Cic, Verr. i, 49, 128 • tite name 
 doet not $., nomen non c, Ter. Andr. 5. 
 4. J9- 2. congruo, nl, } : one kind of 
 tpuck does not s. every case, non omni 
 caasae c. orationis unum genus, Cic. de 
 Or. J, 55, 210. 3. consentio, sensi, 
 eensuni, 4: v. to agrkk (IV.), to har- 
 HOMZK. 4. haereo, baesi, baesuni, 2 
 (rare in this st-nse): anU let not the 
 chorus sing anything betiveen the acts 
 which does not leo'i on to thr pint and s. 
 u-ell, neu quid medios (chorus) inter- 
 cinat actus quod non proposilo ojnducai 
 et haereat aptc, Hor. A. P. 19;. Cf. 
 eomp., cohaereo (v. to fit togkthkr, 
 correspond). 5. re.sp<jiideo, di, sum, 
 1: V. to corrrspond. to answkr (II.). 
 6. cido, c5cidi, casuni, } (with in 
 and ace.) : that suspicion of yours s.s not 
 (or is not suitabli'. to) this man, non in 
 hunc hominem c. i.-ta susplcio, Cic. Sull. 
 27. 75- 7. quadro, i (to square or 
 agree iHth) .- to s. in many vspects, ad 
 multa q., id. Alt. 4, 18, ?. Or expr. by 
 turn and adj. (v. fit, sttitable): when 
 it shall S. (or be convenient for) you, 
 qnum erit tuura eommodum, ib. 12, 28, 
 } (expr. by conunodo tuo, id. Fam. 4, 2, 
 4). Phr. : the man s.s you perfectly, 
 magis ex usu tuo nemo est, Ter. Kun. 5, 
 8, 4") : the other nrt.<i s. not every age, 
 ceteraeartes non lelatum omnium sunt, 
 Cic (yuich.). II, To become, q. v. : 
 dficet, convenit. Or expr. by sum with 
 adj. (v. BECWMiNG, suitable). III. 
 To please, q. v. : Phr.: they do not s. 
 you, non tui stomachi (sunt), Cic. Kani. 
 7, I, 2 (v, also liking, I'hr.): the same 
 things do not s. everybody, non omnes 
 eadem mirantur amantque, Hur. Ep. 2, 
 2,58. 
 
 suitable, suited: 1. aptus: a 
 day s.for sacrifice, a. dies sacrificio, Li v. 
 I, 45, post meil.: a rhythmical and s. 
 speech, nuraerosa et a. oratio, Cic. Or. 50, 
 168 : no cliaracter seemed mm-e s.'d to 
 talk about age. nulla videbatur aptior 
 )>ersona quae de aetate loqueretur, Cic. 
 Am. 1, 4 (for constr. v. Zumpt, Gr. $ 568). 
 .Join: a. et accommod;itus, Cic. ; a. et 
 congruens, id. : a. consentaneusque, id. : 
 V. FIT (adj.'). adapted. 2. idoneus 
 (for a definite purpose = ad earn rem : 
 usu. with ad, a relative, the dat., or 
 absol.) : counsels s.'d to this our b'lsiness, 
 onnsllia i. ad hoc nostrum negotium.Cic. 
 Att. 5, 6, I . tlie character of l.aelius 
 seemeii to me s.'d for discussirifj the sub- 
 ject of f-iendship, i. mihi I^elii persona 
 vi.sa est quae de amicitia dl.<sereret. id. 
 Am. 1. 4 : he chooses a sit-- s.for a camp. 
 ca-tris I. locum di-ligit, Caes H. G. 6. 10 : 
 a s. time, tempus i., Cic. Kosc. Am. 24, 
 68. (For rarer constructions, v. Smith's 
 I.at. l)ict. s. V.) 3. accommSdatus, 
 accommodus (poet.: rare), appSsitiis: 
 V. fit (adj.). adapted. 4. con- 
 
 gruens, consentaneus, convgniens, con- 
 sentiens: v. appropriatf, agrering 
 (adj.), applicable. 5, ingeniosus 
 
 (naturally adapted: poet.): v. adapt- 
 ed (4.). 6. habllis, e (in active .sense, 
 possi-ssing ability or capability) : v. fit 
 (adj., 3). 7. comm6dus, opportiinus: 
 V. convenient (11.). orpoitTL'NE. 8. 
 dfcOrus, dCcens : v. becoming (adj.). 
 9. dignus: v. woktht. 10. 
 
 jequus, par: v. right, proper. Phr.: 
 classes of herbs s. for the bites of beasts, 
 genera herbarum ad morsus bestiarum, 
 Cic. Div. 1, 7, 1} : not s., alienus (v. also 
 unsuitable) : hence j., non alienus, 
 SalL C.40, ad fin. [N.B — 7'o be s., expr : 
 (1.) by verb (v. to slit, B., to become). 
 (2.) by rum with adj. (v. bkcoming, 
 suitable, fit). (3.) by sum with j>rg>p. .- 
 the other materials tvhich are s.for con- 
 flagrations, (reliqnae res) quae sunt ad 
 incendla, Caes. U. 0. ?, loi, post init.: 
 he orders things vhich are s. (or to the 
 purpose), iniperat quae in rem sunt, Liv . 
 26, 4J, o-i fi»!.] 
 
 suitableness : 1, convenientia : 
 
 V. FrrNESS, HARMONV (II.). 2. con- 
 
 gruentia (rare); s. of manners, c. moriim, 
 SneL 0th. 2. 3. constaiitia, consen- 
 
 sus: V. AGREEMENT (I.). 4. d6centia: 
 s. of ohjurs and shapes, A. colorum et 
 hgurarum, Cic. N. U. 2, 58. 14; : v. aUo 
 grace (V.). 5. op[i<jrtunita.s, com- 
 m<5dlta»: v. convenience. But olten 
 best e.xpr. by adj. (v. surrABLE). 
 
 suitably : 1. ap'e. IdOnee : v. 
 
 FrrLV. 2. app&iite (appropriately): 
 to speak s. for convincing, dic<-re a. ad 
 persuasionem, Cic. Inv. i, 5, 6. 3. 
 acc6mm6datS,congruenter, ad : v. agree- 
 ably (I!.). 4. convgnienter: to speak 
 s. to one's present condition, c. ad prae- 
 sentem fortunae statum alicujus Iwjui, 
 I.iv. 2f, 5, post init. Join: to live s. 
 to nature, congruenter naturae conveiii- 
 ent<'rque vlvere, Cic. Fia j, •), 26. v. 
 con^lstentlv. 5. dfcenter, digue : 
 V. becomingly, properly. 6. expr. 
 by prepp. : ex, de, secundum, pro (v. 
 accordance with, in). 
 
 suite : I. The retinue <ff a distin- 
 guuihed persotiage : 1. cSniitatus, Qs, 
 m. : uficn the ambassadors icere begin- 
 ning to enter with a large s., quum 
 magno c. legati Ingredi inclpereiit, Cic. 
 (^t, 7, 2, 6 : the imperial s., c. princlpis, 
 Tac. H. 2, 65 : also c, cU'SoL, id. A. i j, 
 46: V. also train, retinue, courtier 
 (I.). 2. <^'Jn"l''s, um, c. : (a.) as. of 
 friends, relatives, etc.. vhich accom- 
 panied magistrates into the provinces : 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 10, 27. (6.) the attendants 
 of dlslinBulshe<l private iiidivi.luals: 
 Suet. Cues. 4. med. 3. mlnistgrium 
 (a s. of attendants): to enrol s.s for the 
 magistrates, m. magistratibus conscrl- 
 bere (i. e. lictores, viatores, etc.), Tac. A. 
 I?, 27: cf. Plin. 12, I. 5. } II. 4. 
 familia (a s. of servants) : Cic. pass. 
 5. expr. by qui with a verb, signify- 
 ing to escort : e. g. qui comitantur, de- 
 ducunt, etc. (v. to escort, accompany) : 
 V. also attendant (subs^. Phr.: he 
 had a s. of joo youths, trecentofl juvenes 
 circa se habebat, Liv. 29, I, init. : cf. 
 Cic. Verr. i, 48 : (also, without a verb, 
 circa aliquem = 01 n-cpi riva : aU his s., 
 omnes circa eum. Suet. Caes. 27) : u-ith 
 a numerous s., bene comitatus, Cic. Att. 
 9, 2 (o.) : ti-ith a scanty s., parum comi- 
 tatus. id. Cat. 2. 2, 4 ; without a s., solus, 
 inconiitatus (v. alone, unaccompanied). 
 
 II, .4 s. of rooms: perh. •conclavia 
 continua s. inter se cohaerentia ; *con- 
 clavium series s. ordo: v. also set 
 (subs.). 
 
 suitor: \. ApetitiomT,q.v. II. 
 A s. for an office, candidate: v. candi- 
 date. Phr.: a s. /or popularity, aurae 
 popularis captator, Liv. 1, }}, ad med. 
 
 III. \n\iiw, a plaintiff: <i.y. IV. 
 A II ooer. q. v. : 1. prScus • Penelope 
 obstinate 10 her s.s, P. difficilis procis, 
 Hor. Od. }. 10, II. 2. amaiis, amator: 
 V. LOVEK. Phr.: she rejected the ad- 
 dresses of many s.s. niultis petentlbus 
 aspernata nuplias est, Liv. 40, 4, tni<. ; 
 many were her s.s. multi illam petiere, 
 Ov. >I. I, 478 : ichy art thou s. for my 
 daughter f cur poscis meam gnatam 
 tibi? I'l. Aul. 2, 2, 42. 
 
 sulkily : best expr. by adj. (v. 
 SULKY) : e. g. to be s. incHne/l. "morosa 
 ac tacita natura esse : to beliave s., *irae 
 indulgere tacitae. 
 
 SUlkiness : * natura morosa ac ta- 
 cita : bill best expr. by culj. (v. sulkv) : 
 
 V. also SULLENNKSS. 
 
 sulky: no exact equivalent: perh. 
 must nearly expr. by, morosus ac recon- 
 dltus (based on Cic. yiiint. 18, 59, nalura 
 tristi ac recondita full)- *morosus ac 
 taciius; irae indulgeiis tacitae (ba-sed on 
 Liv. }, 5 J, med.): v. also .sullen (II.). 
 [ To be s., may sometimes be expr. by, 
 acgre s. graviter ferre.] 
 
 sullen : I. aloomy, dismal (cf. 
 "Night with her su7/en wings," Milton): 
 1, tristis : the s. mariner, navita t. 
 (Clharon), Virg. Aen. 6, j 1 5 • cf. t. sorores 
 (L e. tlie Fates). Tib. ?. j, 55. 2. lor- 
 vus: V. grim. See aUo gloomy, disjial, 
 FORBIDDING. ||. .Mirrose. q. V. : tristis, 
 tetricus. Phr.; to look s.. frontem s. 
 -supercilia contrahere (v. to frown) ; 
 «. Mars, Mars nubiliis ira, Siat. Theb. j, 
 2JO: to be s., pervicacis ira>' esse. Cart. 
 i G 
 
 8, 6, ini(. |||, Intractable, q. y. 
 
 Join : contumai ac refrattarius. Sen. 
 Ep. 72, init. 
 sullenly : expr. best by adj. (v. 
 
 SULLEN, 11„ JII): V. alsi) MOEOBELT. 
 
 SUllenuesS : I. M/jroseriea,q.-v.: 
 tiistitia, naiura nimis tristis aique rc- 
 condiu (v. MORasENfijs). Phr.: «., ira 
 tenax (obstinate anger). Ov. Pont, i, 9, 
 28 ai'<i'/ w-itt s. (or assunfd s^i'erity), 
 deme supercilio nul>em, Hor Kp. 1, 18, 
 94 (cf. triste supercilium. Mart. 11, 2. 1). 
 II. IntractaUeness, q. v. Or expr. 
 by adj. (V. SULLEN, 11., 111.). 
 
 sully (obsoL except in fig. sense: 
 the literal sense being supplied by sucb 
 verbs as to »po<, «)ij, tamii/i); L in- 
 quino, i : to s. arujther's reputation, i. 
 famani alterius, Liv. 29, J7, med. 2. 
 ajntamino, m&culo, commaculo: v. to 
 POLLUTE (2, 4), TO STAIN. Phr.: tot. a 
 brilliant life, vitae splendorem maculis 
 aspergere, Cic. Plane. 12, jo • cf. labem 
 alicujus digniiatl a'spergere, ,d. Vat. 6, 
 15 fearing lest the glory of his victory 
 should be iuUied by a blot of cruelty, 
 veren3 ne victoriae gloria saevitiae ma- 
 cula Infnscaretur, Ju>t. 12, 5, pott init. 
 [For to s. one's cliaiacter, v. to brand, 
 
 DEFAME (4).] 
 
 sulphate : sulphas, atis, m. : M. L. 
 
 — of iron : v. sory. 
 
 sulphur: sulfur (sulphur and snl- 
 pur), uiis. n. (liut m. In Veg. Vet, i, j8, 
 med.): Plin. 35, i;, 50,5 174: Lucr. 6, 
 221 (219). .-Vlso In pliir. • native or 
 virgin s.. sulfura viva, Virg. G. }, 449; 
 containing or like s.. sulfureus (v. sui/- 
 PHUREOus) : impregnated with s., snlfS- 
 ratus (v. sulphurated): full of «., 
 sulfurosus (v. sulphureous) : a mine of 
 s., sulfuraria, Ulp. Dig. 48, 19, 8: o vein 
 of s., sulluratio. Sen. Q. N. }, 15, med. : 
 veins of s., sulfurata (sc. lora), Plin. Jl, 
 }, 28. } 48 s- (or brimstone- nialchet), 
 sullurata. Mart. i. 41 (42), 4. 
 
 sulphurated (imprrgncueJ <rith tul- 
 phar), sulluratus: s. sprinijf, b. fontes, 
 Vltr. 8, I. post init.: s. uaVr.s. (aqua), 
 Plin. !i, 6, }2, i 59. 
 
 sulphureous: |. Like sulphur: 
 sulfiireu.>: s. water, 8. aqua. Virg. Aen. 
 7, 517 : cf. 8. lux fuiminum, Plin. J5, 15, 
 50, ^ 177 : s. odor, id. j6, 19. 14, i 141. 
 II. FuU of sulphur : sulfurOsus: c 
 springs, s. fontes, Vitr. 8, }, med.: r, 
 
 also SULPHURATEIi. 
 
 sulphuric acid: •acidum vitrioU 
 
 j ('ieorg.l. 
 
 sulphurous, sulphun* : ''■ s"' 
 
 ! pill KMU'.s. 
 
 I SulDhur-WOrt (a P'^nt • called also 
 hoy'i feiitifl) : ftt-ucfdinum or -on, i, n., 
 and p<uc6danos, i, m. (= irrvKtSayop or 
 -o?) Plin. 25, 9, 10. i i\-r Lucan 9, 
 9'9 (9' 7) '■ caH<^ also pinastellum, App. 
 Herb. 94. (• Peucedanum ufflcinale, 
 Linn.) 
 
 sultan: 1. * imperator Turcicus 
 (Georg). 2, sultan, aiiis, "». (a Cbal- 
 dalc word : an J-.astent ruler): Corlpjx. 
 
 sultana, sultaness : * imperatoris 
 Turcici coiyux (Georg.): •reginaTui^ 
 cica (.\insw.). 
 
 sultriness : vis aestus : the 'xcnive 
 s. occasion' d a general sickness m t>oth 
 camps, iiitoleraiida vis aestus per utraqiie 
 castra omnium fcmie corpora movit, 
 Liv. 25, 26, med.: cf. fervidus aestus. 
 Hor. S. I, I, j8 ; v. also heat (suU.. i., 
 5) : perh. too calores, fervores may serve 
 (v. heat, subs.). Expr. also by adj. 
 (v. sultry). 
 
 sultry : 1. aesluiSsus : most s. days, 
 aesluosissimidies, Plin. 14. 12.28. J Ii5: 
 Oie s. .Syrtes, a. .Syrtes, Hor. Od. I. 22. J : 
 V. also hot (4). ' 2. nesiifer lands of 
 s. Libya, aesiiferae Libyes ar\'a, Lucan 
 I. 206 • cf. SIL 17. 447. 3. torridus 
 (parching): a s. summer, t. aesias, 
 Virg. E. 1, 48 : the s. air glows, t. 
 aestuat aer. Prop. 2, 28 (j, 2J), } : 
 
 V. also HOT, FIFBY. 
 
 sum (,.-■"'.'■ 1 ■" |. 7>i< aggregate or 
 am-nint : sunima: by adding and sub- 
 tracting to see what the s. of the re- 
 mainder come* to, addendo dediicec- 
 doquo videre quae reliqui s. fiat, Cic Oft 
 817
 
 SUM 
 
 SUMMIT 
 
 SUMMON 
 
 1, i8, 59: the s. of all s.s (i. e. the uni' 
 verse), sumtna summarum, Lucr. }, Si-] •. 
 V. also ALI,, IN : ToTAl, (subs.). II. A 
 sum of money .- pecuiiia : a large s., 
 magna s. graiidis p., Cic. (v. large, I., 
 2) : a small or moderate s., parva s. me- 
 diocris s. tpnuis p., id. Also in pi. : to 
 exact S.S of money, pecunias exigere, id. 
 Pis. 16, ;8. 2. sunima pecuniae (rare) ; 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 24, 64. [N.B. — Summa is 
 only used ahsol., when the context re- 
 lates to mrnieii : cf. Liv. J2, i"], init. : 
 simly., summula, Sen. Ep. '77, ad meci.] 
 Phr. : the j'hole s., solidum (neutr. ab- 
 sol), Cic. Rab. Post. I-;, 46: cl'. Hor. S. 
 
 2, 5, 6? (where the contr. fomi soldutn 
 occurs) : for or at a small s., parvi s. 
 parvo (v SMALL, adj., I., 1, c.) : also, 
 parvi pretii, Cic. Q. Fr. i, 4, 14 : parvo 
 pretio, Caes. B. G. j, ti. ad init. : for or 
 ai a large s., magni s. magno, Cic. pass. : 
 also, magni pretii. magno pretio, id. (v. 
 PBICR) : for a paltry s., numulis acceptis, 
 Cic. Att. I, 16, 6- let the round s. of a 
 thousand talents be made up, mille ta- 
 lenta rotundentnr, Hor. Ep. i, 6, J4. 
 
 III. In writing, the sum and sub- 
 stance : caput : the s. and substance of 
 the letter, c. literarum, Cic. Phil. 2, ji, 
 T] : V. also POINT (^subs., IV.), gist. 
 ly. In arithmetic, a problem .- to do 
 a s., *numeros consummare : *arithme- 
 ticis se exercere: *arithmeticam ra- 
 tionem ducere s. inire (based on Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 52, 129. id. N. 1). ;, 29, 71): 
 to set a s., *arithmetica proponere. V. 
 Perfection : v. pkrfection (II.). 
 
 sum ("•). sum up : \. To calculate, 
 q. V. : 1. subducere : to s. up tlie total, 
 B. summam, Cic. Atf. 5, 21, 11 : cf. s. 
 rationes, id. (v. infr. II.) : calculum ali- 
 cujus rei subducere, id. Fin. 2, 19, 60. 
 2. compiito, I : v. to calcdlate, 
 COMPUTE. 3. coiisummo, i : to s. up 
 by arithmetic the expenses of buildings, 
 c. sumptus aedificiorum per arithme- 
 ticen, Vitr. i, i, post init. : cf. Sen. Ep. 
 58, ad fin. Other exprr. less precise 
 are: rationem inire, Caes. B. G. 7, 71 : 
 rationem inire et subducere, Cic. N. D. 
 }, 29, 71: rationem ducere, id. Verr. 2, 
 
 52, 129 • V. also TO RECKON, COUNT. 
 
 Phr.: to s. up all (= in fine), expr. by, 
 ne multa s. multis (sc. dicam), Cic. : 
 Ter. : quid plura ? Cic. : denique, id. : 
 uno verbo, id. Phil. 2, 22, 54 : prorsus. 
 Sail. C. 15 ; V. also all, in. ||. To 
 comprise in few words: Phr.: sum- 
 matim brevitcrque describere, Cic. Or. 
 15. 50: breviter paucis coniprendere 
 Inulta, Liicr. 6, 1082 (1080): to s. up, 
 I am of opinion that, etc., summa judicii 
 mei spectat hue ut, Cic. Phil, i?, 20, 46: 
 the accounts having been calculated, I 
 have s.'d up my deliberations, rationibus 
 Subductis summam feci cogitationum 
 mearum, id. Fam 1,9, 10. 
 sumaCi sumach : rhos, rhois, c. 
 
 (= poOs) : Plin. 24, II, 54, } 91 called 
 also, frutex coriarius, ib. ; v. .'Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. : of the s., s.-, rhoicus: 
 s.-Uaves, r. (folia), Plin. ib. ^ 92. 
 
 sumless (Pope): v. incalculable. 
 
 summary (adj): |. I^rvf, con- 
 cise, q. V. : brgvis, angustus, etc. ||. 
 Hasty, sudden, q. v. : subitus, repentlnus. 
 III. Cursory, q. v. [For to take a s. 
 view of, V. TO glance (III.), to touch 
 
 UPON.] 
 
 summary (.subs.) -. 6plt5me, sum- 
 marium, brSviariiim (v. epitome). Phr. : 
 o short s. (or outline) of the wlioU matter, 
 brevis totins negotii complexio. Cic. Inv. 
 1, 26 : cf. collectio, id. Brut. 88. iC2 : 
 brevis repetilio rerum. Quint. 4. prooem. 
 6 (v. also efcapitulation): the s. (or 
 chief contents) of a letter, caput lite- 
 larum.Cic. Phil. 2, jl, 77. [For to make 
 a s. of, V. to compress(II.), epitomize.] 
 
 summarily: |. BHeJly, concisely, 
 q. V. : breviter, anguste. etc. ||, Cur- 
 sorily : 1. summatim: to treat some- 
 Ihings., s. aliquid attiiigere. Quint. 10, i, 
 44. Join: io write s., s. breviterque 
 coraponere, Suet. Tib. 61, ad init. 2. 
 strictim: v.cuhsorily.toglance (III.), 
 to comprrss (II.). 3. capitulatim (by 
 heads: rare): Nep. Cato, j, 7»»<ii. Join: 
 8t8 
 
 breviter atque c, Plin. 2, 12, 9, 5 5;. 
 Ill, Without delay or preamble : 
 Phr.: sine mora, Cic. pass. : missis am- 
 bagibus, Hor. S. 2, 5, 9 . v. also hand, 
 OUT OF : promptly. 
 
 summation : v. calculation. 
 
 summer {subs.) • aestas, atis, /. ; 
 wandering in winter and s., hieme et 
 a. peragrantes, Cic. I liv. 1 , 42, 94 : at the 
 beginning of s., a. ineunte, id. Att. 4, 2, 
 6 : cf. Initii aestate, Caes. B. (i. 2, 2 : a. 
 nova, Virg. Aen. i, 450: the middle of 
 s., a. media s. summa (v. midsummer); 
 in the hottest part of s., flagrantissi- 
 ma a., Gell. 19, 5, init. : the s. being 
 already far adranced, a. jam adulta, 
 Tac A. 2, 2J, init. : at the very end ofs., 
 a. exactii, based on Sail. J. 61, init. : 
 the s. being now almost ended, affecta 
 jam prope a., Cic. Oecon. in Non. p. 161, 
 2 : of s., s.; aestivus (v. summer, adj.) : 
 Phr.: to spend the s. at, aestivare (with 
 in and abl., or gen.), Varr. K. R. 2, 2, 
 ad med. : Suet. Galb. 4 : Ecbatana is the 
 place where thet/ spend their «., Ecbatana 
 aestiva agentibus sedes est. Curt. 5, 8, 
 init. : in tfie middle of s., mediis ca- 
 loribus, Liv. 2, ;, post init. : cf. solstitiale 
 tempus, id. J5, 49, med. (v. also solstice). 
 Fig.: the s. of life, matura aetas, Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 4J8. 
 
 summer (in architecture) : v. beam 
 
 (subs., I.), LINTBL. 
 
 summer («•) •• v. summer (suis., 
 
 Phr.). Phr.: a place ft to s. in (= a 
 suitable summer residence), locus aesti- 
 vus, Cic. Q. Fr. i, I, 2. 
 
 summer {adj.) : aestivus : s. breeze, 
 a aura, Hor. Od. i, 22, 18 : s. camp (or 
 quarters), a. castra ^«. aestiva (absol.), v. 
 Smith's Diet. Ant. p. 244 : s. clothing, a. 
 vestimenta, Sen. (Georg.) : s. days, a. dies, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, ji, 81 : as. dress, vestis a. 
 levitate, based on Plin. 11, 2!, 27, } 78 : 
 s. months, a. menses, Cic. Att. 5, 14, 2 : 
 s. pastures, aestiva (absol.), Plin. 24, 6, 
 19, } 28 : cf. a. saltus, Liv. 22, 14, med. : 
 a s. residence, locus a., Cic. Q. Fr. j, i, 2 : 
 Praeneste, a delightful s. retreat, P. aes- 
 tivae deliciae, Flor. I, 11, med. : or may 
 be expr. by, suburbanum (sc. praedium), 
 Cic. : s. shade, a. umbra, Ov M. i j, 792 : 
 s. sun, a. sol, Virg. G. 4, 28 : s. time, a. 
 t«mpora, Cic. Verr. 5, ^i, 80 (v. also 
 SUMMER, sm(;S.). Phr.: through the calm 
 s. air, per aestatem liquidam, Virg. G. 
 4, 59 : cf. aetate serena, id. Aen. 6, 707 : 
 / have been like a s. plant (i. e. one that 
 quickly tvithers). quasi solstitialls herba 
 fui, PI. Ps. I, I, ;6. 
 
 summer-duck (an American spe- 
 cies) : *anas sponsa (Webster). 
 
 -house : *aedps aestivae (Kr.) : 
 
 trichila, umbracUlum (v. arbour). 
 
 -like : aestivg : we are pi-ovi- 
 
 sioned in a very s. manner (i. e. scantily), 
 a. admodum viaticati sumus, PI. Men. 1, 
 I, 30. May be expr. also by adj. (v. 
 
 SUMMER, adj.). 
 
 summersault: v- somersault. 
 summing up (subs.) : expr. by verb 
 
 (v. to SUM UP). 
 
 summit : 1. caciimen, mis, n. 
 
 (prop., that which ends in a point) ; the 
 
 s.s of a mountain, c. mentis, Lucr. 6, 
 
 462: cf. montana c, Ov. M. i, ?io: the 
 
 s. of a pyramid, c. (pyramidis), Plin. 
 
 ?5, 12, 17,$ 79. Also of trees: ct. Virg. 
 
 E. 6, 28: id. G. 2, J07 : v. also toh. 
 
 2. culmen, inis, n. (prop.,the top of 
 
 a building) : the s.s of the .Alps, c. Al- 
 
 pium, Caes. B. G. j, 2, extr. Fig.: 7'jo.i/ 
 
 topples doun from its lofty s., rnit alto 
 
 a c. Troja, Virg. Aen. 2, 290, Also 
 
 strengthened with summus : the highest 
 
 \ s. of good fortune, summum c. fortunae, 
 
 , Liv. 4;, 9, i-xtr. 3. vertex (prop., the 
 
 cronn of the head) : fires bursting from 
 
 Aetna's s., ignes qui ex Aetiiae vertice 
 
 erunipunt, Cic. Verr. 4, 48. 106 : cf. Ov. 
 
 [ M. T, 516: Lucr. 6, 467 (465) : the s. of 
 
 'an oak, v. quercus, Virg. Aen. 3,679: 
 
 I the s. of the citadel, v. arcis, Lucr. 6, 751 
 
 ('!49)- 4. fastigium (in this sense 
 
 only fig.) : to stand on the s. of eloquence, 
 
 stare in f. eloquentiae. Quint. 12, I, 20: 
 
 V. eminence (II., 1.). 5. expr. freq. 
 
 by summus s. supremus : the s.s of tlie 
 
 mountains, montes supremi, Virg. 6. 4, 
 460: cf. Lucr. I, 275 (268): montes 
 summi, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 11: sTimmuni 
 jugum montis, Caes. B. G. i, 21. Rarely 
 as subs. : to ascend to the s. of the motui- 
 tain, ad summum montis egredi. Sail. J. 
 9J, ad med. Fig. : to rea-h the s., not 
 by a steady effort but by a 'h, ad sum- 
 mum pervenire non nixu (al. nisu), sed 
 impetu. Quint. 8, 4. 9 : the s. of fame, 
 summa claritudo. Sail. J. 2. extr. Phr.: 
 /'amassus u-ith tno s.s, P. biceps, Ov. 
 M. 2, 221: cf. anceps, ib. 12, jiT. v.also 
 
 HEIGHT. 
 
 summon : I. in gen. sense, to 
 call : 1. cito, I : he ordered the 
 fathers to be s.'d by herald to the senate- 
 house, patres in curiam per praeconem 
 citari jussit, Liv. i, 47, post med. : to s. 
 the senate, c. senatum, id. 9, jo, post init. ; 
 0. senatores, id. }, 38. 2. v6co, 1 : he 
 s.s Dumnorix to his presence, Dumnori- 
 gem ad se vocat, Caes. B. G. i, 20 : to s. 
 one to a public meeting, aliquem in con- 
 tionem v., Cic. Acad. 2, 47, 144: to s. to 
 arms, v. ad arma, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21 : 
 cf. V. in arma, Virg. Aen. g, 22 (cf. con- 
 clamare: v. to sound, A., I., 4.). Also 
 of inanimate objects, to invite : the softly 
 rustling South s.s to the deep, lenls cre- 
 pitans vocat Auster in altum, Virg. Aen. 
 J, 70: cf. Ov. R. Am. 5J2: Liv. 28, 15, 
 ad fm. 3. advSco, i : v. to call 
 (II., 2.), ASSEMBLY (5.). 4. evoco, I : 
 to s. a great part of the townsmen to 
 war, magnam partem (oppidanorum) ad 
 bellum e., Caes. B. G. 7, 58 : v. also to 
 CALL forth. 5. convOco, 1: to s. the 
 chiefs of the Treviri to his (Caesar's) 
 presence, principes Trevirorum ad se c, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 4 : the senate teas s.'d, sen- 
 atus convocatus est, Cic. Fam. 10, 12, }: 
 V. also Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 15. 
 provSco : v. to challenge. 7. ar- 
 cesso, Ivi. itum, j : when men were being 
 s.'d from the plough to be made consuls, 
 quum ab aratro arcessebantur qui con- 
 sules fierent, Cic. Rose. Am. 18,50: v. 
 also Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. Cf. accio, 
 excio, (v. TO FETCH, 2., 4.), adhibeo (v. 
 Smith's Lat Diet. s. v. 11.) : v. also to 
 INCITE. II. To call to one's assist- 
 ance : 1. advSco, i : Alcides s.s (to 
 his aid) all arms, A. omnia arma a., 
 Virg. Aen. 8, 249 : cf. a. secretas artes, 
 Ov. M. 7, 1^8. 2. inclanio, i : v. to 
 CALL ON. 3. inv(5co (except in Tac. 
 limited to invoking divine assistance: 
 V. TO invoke) : to s. (or appeal to) the 
 Ronw.n arms against the Cherusci, arma 
 Romana adversus Cheruscos i., Tac. A. 
 2, 46, fin. III. In judicial sense, to 
 order to appear in court (a.) the defend- 
 ant ; 1, voco, I : you s. (him) to court ; 
 he follows, in jus vocas: sequitur, Cic. 
 Quint. 19, 61 : to s. some one before the 
 judge, V. aliquem in judicium, id. Balb. 
 28, 64 : cf. judicio aliquem arcessere, id. 
 Flacc. 6, 14 : V. also to 9CE. 2. ap- 
 pello, I : lest some be punished, others 
 be not even s.'d, ne alii plectantur, alii 
 ne appellentur quidem, Cic. Off. i, 2;, 
 89. 3. cito, I (to call upon a person 
 in court, whether defendant or plaintiff, 
 to make his appearance ; said of the 
 praeco) : (the officer') s.s the accused : he 
 (the accused) answers not (to the sum- 
 mons), citat reum non respondet, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 40, 98. 4. expr. also by diem 
 dicere alicui : Cic. Div. in Caecil. 20, 67 : 
 and pass. : v. also to accuse (1.). (b.) 
 the witness: 1, denuntiare testi- 
 
 monium (with dat. of per s.) : should the 
 accuser have wanted to s. them as v/it- 
 nesses,si accusator voluerit testimonium 
 eis d., Cic. Rose. Am. j8. no: cf. id. 
 Verr. i, 19, 51. Also denuntiare testi- 
 bus, based on Quint 5. 7, 9. (testes) qui- 
 bus in judiciis publicis lege denuntiatur. 
 2. antestor, i : Hor. S. i, 9, 76: v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 3. cito, i : 
 to s. as vitness to some matter, c. testem 
 in aliquain rem, Cic. Verr. 2, 59, 146: 
 V. also to call up. (c.) the debtor: 
 appello, I (v. Forcell. s. v.) ; Cic. Quint. 
 12, 40 and 41 (where it occurs absol. 
 four times) also, a. de pecunia, id. Phil. 
 2, 29, 71. [N.B. — Admoner* aliquem.
 
 S C M M O N - 11 i' 
 
 SUN-L)RIEU 
 
 SUPKKEKOO AT ION 
 
 Sc. Quint. 12, 40, as given in R. and A., 
 limply mtan,- to dun, and is not strong 
 mougli.] IV. As a miliUry term, to 
 s. to surrender ; Invito, i: tos. the enemy 
 to surrender, i. liosies ad dcditionem, 
 Hirt. B. G. 8, 19. I'h r. : to s. a city to 
 surrender, 'pootulare ut urbs traiiatur 
 (Georg.) : *denuntiare hostibus ul se 
 («. se urbemque) dedant (id.) : • civibus 
 imperare dediiionem (Ainsw.). 
 
 summon-up : I- 'I'o »■ «P <*"*'* 
 couraye ; aiiiiiuim (s. aninios) sumere, 
 aninium erlgere, f tc. (v. to mi'.stkk, II., 
 TO PLLCK CP, II.). II. To s. up one'i 
 energies or strength : omiies nervos 
 contendere, niti, etc. (v. to exebt, II., 
 TO .STBAtx, T<^ strive). |||, To Call up 
 the .spirits of the dead: exclto, eiicio: 
 
 V. TO CALL IH (1., 3.), TO CALL KOKTH (4.). 
 
 summoner: I. ""« «"'"' *«"'- 
 mons, in gen. sense : expr. by verb (v. 
 TO S0MMO.S). II. An officer att(Klied 
 to a court of justice : 1. viator, Oris, 
 m. (an officer Khose duty uas to sum- 
 mon persons bejore the magisiratfs) : 
 Clc. de Sen. i6, 56: Li v. 2, 56, post med. : 
 Varr. in GelL ij, 12, rwd. 2. praeco, 
 onis, m. : Suet. Tib. 1 1. 3. apparitor 
 public servant) : Cic. 
 summons : I. ^ message or call : 
 1, vOcalus, us, m. (only in abl. 
 sing.): v. CALL (subs.). 2. accilus, 
 lis, m. (only In abl. sing.) : the magis- 
 trates are called out at his s., miigistra- 
 tus accltu istius evocantur, Cic. Verr. }, 
 28, 68 : at the s. of his dear sire, accitu 
 cari genitoris, Virg. Aen. i, 6";7. 3. 
 arcessitus, as, m. (only in al)l. sing ) : 
 when I had come to him at his ou-n re 
 quest and s., quum adeuni ipsiiis rogatu 
 arcessituque venissem, Cic. N. D. i, 6, 
 15; I come here at your s., tuo a. venio 
 hue, PI. Stich. 2, 2, }. Phr. : that he 
 would take up arms at the first s., ubi 
 primuni l>eUicum caiii audisset, amia 
 capt\iruni, Liv, j;, 18 v. also signal. 
 QN.B. — To gice or receive a s., may be 
 expr. by the act. or pass, of verb ; v. to 
 SUMMON.] II. In law, a citation to 
 appear in court : vocatio : Varr. in Gell. 
 U, i2,m^d.: ib. I J, I!, ./in- [X.B.— 7'o 
 serix a s., may be expr. by appello «. 
 appello de pt^cunia (v. to .si'mmok, 
 III., c.) : to receive a s., by appellari «. 
 appellari de peiunia.] 
 sumpter-horse : v. pack-horse. 
 
 -saddle : v- pack-saddle. 
 
 sumptuary (reyuUting expense): 
 smnptuarius : o s. Uiw, lex s., Cic Att. 
 I J, 1, I : Suet. Aug. 54, init.: s. laws, 
 relating to food, are called leges cibariae, 
 Cato in Macr. S. 2, U, p>st med.: v. 
 als" Smith's Dici. AnI. p. lo^l, seq. 
 
 sumptuous : 1. sumptuosus : s. 
 suppers, s. coenae, Cic. Fam. 9, 2 J : s. 
 games, s. ludi, id. Q. Fr. j, 8, 6. 2. 
 dapsilis, e : s. expense, d. sumptus, PI. 
 Most. 4, 2, 66 : s. dowries, d. dotes, id. 
 Aul. 2, 1, 45. 3. apparatus : to enter- 
 tain with a s. banquet, a. accipere epulis, 
 Liv. 2 5, 4. Join: nuist s. games, hidi 
 apparatis,simi et magnificentissimi, Cic. 
 Sest. 54. 1 16. 4. opipirus : s. Athens, 
 o. Athenae, PI. Pers. 4, 4, i : s. presents, 
 o. munera, App. M, 5, p. 16; (p. 106, 
 Bipont. ed.). 6. lautus: a very s. 
 
 banquet, lautiores epulae, Stat. S. 1, 6, 
 j2: a most s. supjter, lautissinia coena, 
 Plin. Ep. 9, 17 ; v. also splendid, sn- 
 PEBB, LUXURIOUS. 6. conquisitus, 
 
 exquisitus (v. choice, adj., I.). 
 
 sumptuously : 1. sumptuose : 
 Cat. 41 (45), 5 : Clc. Cat. j. 9, 20. 2. 
 dapsUe (rare) : to feast s., d. (convivari), 
 Suet. Vesp. 19. 3. laute ; to be more 
 s. entertained, lautius accipi. Id. Cal. 55 : 
 cf. 1. vivere, Nep. Chabr. j. 4. 6pi- 
 pare : o feast s. prt-pared, o. paratum 
 convivium, Cic. Off i, 14. 58 : a house 
 richly and s. furnished, instructa domus 
 oplme atqne o., PI. Bac. j, i, 6. J o i n : 
 to eat and drink s., o. et apparate cdere 
 et bibere, Cic. Att. ij, 52. i. Kxpr. 
 also by adj. and subs. : e. g. to entertain 
 s., apparatis accipere epulis (v. sumptc- 
 or«): y. also magnificently, splkkdid- 
 
 LV, I.nXURIOCSLT. 
 
 sumptuousness : luxus, lautitia, 
 
 apparatus: v. lcxcry, splentwuk. But 
 often best expr. by wij. (v. soMPTiocs). 
 sun (subs.): I, T/ie sun itself: 
 sol, solis, m. : the s., leader ami chief 
 and governor of all other lights, s. dux 
 et priiiceps et moderator luiniiium reli- 
 quorum, Cic. Kep 6, 17 (4). 17: the 
 rising s., e. orieiis, id. : also, s. exoriens, 
 Virg. G. I, 418 (V. TO RISE) : the setting 
 s., 8. occideiis, Cic. : cf. s. cadens, Virg. : 
 s. decedens, id. E. 2, 67 : s. occiduus, 
 Ov. Met. I, 6j: s. prr cipitans, Cic. de 
 Or. J, 55, 209 (V. Ti) SET) : the s. enters 
 Gemini, s. in Geminos introitum tacit. 
 Col, II, 2, post med. : the sun's rays, 
 radii solis, Cic. : Virg. : cf. lumina solis, 
 Lncr. 2, 161 : also, soles (ptui. of s>.l), 
 Lucr. 5, 25? : Hor. Kpod. 2, 41 (v. also 
 ray) : the lirightness of the s., solis can- 
 dor, Cic. N. I). 2, 15, 40: cf. solis fulgor, 
 Plin. II, J7. !4. i Mi : «" eclipse of the 
 s., solis dcfecllo, etc. (v. sOLAit, I,, 2: 
 ECLIPSE, subs.) : the s.'s course, soils 
 cursus, Lucr. 5, 77: the sun's revolution, 
 solis circultus, Cic. N. D. 2, 19. 49 : coii- 
 versio (soils), ib. : solis anfractus, id. 
 Rep. 6, 12, 12: the sun's disc, solis 
 orbls (v. disc). [In poet., the sun is 
 also called, Phoebus, Titan, Phaethon : 
 also mundi <x;ulus, Ov. M. 4, 228] 
 II, The light of t)ie sun, sunshine: 
 sol, solis. TO. • to valk in the s. (or sun- 
 shine), ambulare in sole, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 14, 60 (V. also TO sun) : grapes ripen in 
 the s., uvae a sole mitescunt, id. Oecon. 
 in Gell. 15, 5 : to put apples in the s. to 
 dni, mala ponere in sole, donee arescant. 
 Col. 12, 14 (v. TO SUN) : to be dried in a 
 fierce s., sole acri siccari, PUn. 14, 8, 10, 
 } 77 ; to be dried in a gentU s., leni sole 
 sictari, id. 21, 17, 68, $ in (v. also to 
 dry) : the s. gaining poicer, sole Inca- 
 lescente, Liv. 22, 6, post med. : the noon- 
 day s., s. meridianus, Plin. 12, 19, 42, 
 } 86 : o room is flooded vith s. (or sun- 
 shine), cubicuhmi sole perfunditur, Plin. 
 Ep. 5, 6, ad med. : a room gets the s. all 
 dai/, * cubiculuni toto die solem exclpit 
 (Georg.). Phr. : exposed to the s., apri- 
 ctis (v. sunny) : to bask in the s., apri- 
 Ciiri (v. to bask) : uithout s.. opacus 
 (v. shady). Fig.: of an extraordinary 
 person : he calls Brutus the s. of Asia, 
 solem Asiae Brutum appellat, Hor. S. i, 
 7, 24; Africanus, a second s., A. sol 
 alter, Cic. N. D 2, 5, 14: to go forth 
 into the s. and dust (i. e. into the con- 
 tests of public life), procedere in solem 
 et pulverem, id. Brut. 9, 37. Pro v.: 
 (i.) the s. has not set f»r ever (i. e. the 
 world is not at an end yet), noiidum 
 omnium dierum sol occidit, Liv. J9, 26, 
 med. (ii.) clearer than the s. itself (or 
 as clear as noonday, of anything self- 
 evident), sole ipso est clarius. Am. i, 28. 
 sun (v.) : I. To expose to the sun, 
 for Harming, drying ; 1. insolo, 1 : 
 to s. grapes, uvas i., 0)1. 12, 39. (The 
 same sense expr. lb. pauht supr., by in 
 sole pandere.) 2. aprico, i (to Harm 
 in the sun) : Pall, i, )8. Chiefly as 
 pass, reft,., apricari. to bask in the s. : 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, J2, 92. II. In i>ass. only, 
 to be (veil) sunned ; i. e. to receive a 
 large amount of the s.V rays: Phr.: 
 fruU that has been irell s.'d is sneeter, 
 *quae poma bene ardoribus solis con- 
 cocta sunt, dulciora esse .solent. 
 sunbeam ; radius soils v. ray-. 
 
 Sicorching s.s, nimii soils ardores, Cic. 
 Sen. 15, 5J. Also sometimes as pJ., soles: 
 cf. Lucr. 5, 252, pars terrai perusU soU- 
 hus assiduis : Hor. 
 sunburn : u^u- P'- epl>elis. Tdis. /. 
 
 (heckle): Cels. 6. 5. 
 
 sunburnt: adustus: thes.(svarthy) 
 Monr. a. cor^xira Maiirus, Sil. : of a some- 
 iihat s. hue from travelling, adustioris 
 coloris ex recenti via, Liv. 27, 47 : Plin. 
 Sometimes fuscus may serve : v. 
 
 SWAKTHY, dark. 
 
 Sunday : dies solis : M. L. (Tnes 
 EWmlnica, the Un-d's dan : Scrr. Eccl. 
 See also Sabbath.-) S.-school, *schola 
 quae diebus Dominicis hatx'tur. 
 
 sun-dew: (a pl.int)»dr6s<;ra: Linn. 
 
 -dial : solarium : Cic. : v. dial. 
 
 -dried : passusCfr. pando) : Col. : 
 
 Virg. (esp. of dried grapes and t)te tnne 
 made from them). 
 sun-flower : * helianthus : Linn. 
 
 -rise : ^''» onus, Cis : Cic. (Or 
 
 expr. by verb • at «., sole oriente, sole 
 orto : v. TO RISE.) 
 
 -set : soils occasus, (is : Cic. 
 
 (Or expr. by verb: at s., sole occidente, 
 ubi vil occidit : v. to set.) 
 
 sunder : separo, sejimgo, etc : V. 
 T0 8epai:ate. 
 
 sunken : (pait. and adj.) : de- 
 pressus : v. to sink (trans.). Some- 
 times, cavus (forming a cavity) : t. 
 eyes, *oculi cavi. A s. rock, sazum 
 summo mari (aequori) suhjectum. (But 
 conip. Virg. Aen. 1, 1 10, dorsum immane 
 marl summo.) 
 
 sunny : apricus opp. to opacus 
 (sliady) : Clc. Part. 10, }6 . Liv. : Hor. 
 .s'. sfis or regions, aprlca, Plin. 16, 
 16, 28. 
 sunshine: use sol: v. sitn (II.). 
 sup (v.) : I. 7b take a little of a 
 fluid : Rorbillo. i v. to sip. ||. To 
 partake of an evening meal : coeno, avi 
 and atus sum, 1 (in Kom. sen.se, to par- 
 take of the coena: v. suppek): or expr. 
 by circuml., they s. before tjed, 'gusiant 
 antequam cubitum di.scedunt: heartily 
 *largius se cibo invitant, anteqaam, etc. 
 SUP (subs.) : i. e. a little taste, perb. 
 gustus, us : V. TASTE. Or expr. by 
 verb ; V. preced. art. (I.). 
 
 superabound : expr. by sipgresse. 
 siipfirare, with iUU. of Eng. subject: cf. 
 Ter. Ph. i, 2, 19, cui tanta erat res et 
 supereral (ivlw ajbounded in wealth, nay 
 s.'d) : and Sail. Cat. 20, ilUs divitias 
 superare (ttiat they should s. in wealth). 
 [N.B.— Not supi-rabundo (late.)) 
 
 superabundance ; abundantia . v. 
 
 abundance : or expr. by verb : v. pre- 
 ced. art. See also superfluity. 
 I superabundant : q"od snperest, 
 quod satis superque est : v. also abusd- 
 
 ANT. 
 
 superabundantly : abundg (nearly 
 as strong as Kiig. ; cf Sail. C. 21, quibus 
 omnia mala abunde erant) : satis super- 
 que, Cic. Am. I J, 45 : quod supersit : v. 
 TO superabound. See also abund- 
 antly. 
 
 superadd : usn. in pass., which expr. 
 by accedo, ssi, ssum, j : to the old age of 
 App. Claudius was s.'d blindneu, aid 
 App. Claudli senectutem accedebat etlam 
 ut caecus esset, Cic Sen. 6. 16 to this 
 was s.'d, hue (eo) accedebat, Caes. : Liv 
 
 superannuated : I'l. r. : at. 
 soldier, * miles propter annus militia 
 immunis: to become s.. * propter annot 
 lege muneribns exsolvi : or If ihe sense 
 is simplv, too old for active service, perh. 
 *prae annis mill'tiae (bello, muneribus, 
 etc.) inutilis. 
 
 superb: 1. masmiflcus . v. mag- 
 nificent. " 2. speciosus (handS"m« 
 and showy), pulclicr. formosus : v. 
 beautiful. 3. lautus (esp. of /umi- 
 ture or entertainments): v. splendid 
 (I.. 3). 4. rcgalls, e (wortJiy of a 
 king) : s. attire, r. omatus, Cic. Fin. 2, 
 22, 69: so, regius: v. rotau 5. 
 
 expr. by circuml., a s. steed, • exlmla 
 pulchritudine ac viribus equus. 
 
 superbly : splendlde, magnifies 
 laute, etc. ; v. SPLENDIDLY, etc 
 
 supercargo : * Q"' "'»^" °^" 
 
 (merclbus navi impositis) praeest. 
 
 supercilious : lns<5lens, arrOgans 
 siiperbns, last6sus, etc: v. haughty- 
 A s. spirit, contemptor animus, Sail 
 Jug. 64. 
 
 superciliously: insolenter. siiperN^ 
 arrocanler, etc.: v. HAri;HTiLT. 
 
 superciliousness : in-si>lenil«, arrft- 
 
 gaiitia, fa^tus, siiperbia : v. HAUGRTI- 
 Nl-:ss. 
 
 supereminent : "^e supn-i. of prae- 
 stjins. emiutns. etc : v. i-aiiNENT, KR- 
 markable. 
 
 supererogation: porh. expr »y 
 
 ultro (of that which Is done uitAoiU 
 ones beinq called upon to do it): works 
 of s., 'quae ultro et l>eo non exigento 
 fiunt bona opera. (• SupererogaUonls 
 opera [quae a Theologicis acriptoribtia
 
 SUPEREROGATORY 
 
 SUPERLUNAR 
 
 SUPERVENE 
 
 appellantur], Calv. j, 14. 14: the term 
 may be needed for theol. Lat, ) 
 
 supererogatory: *<iuod ultro fit: 
 of. preced. art. (* Supererogatorius, 
 perh. as theol. t. f.) 
 
 superexcellent : use mperi. of 
 
 praestans, excrllens, etc.: v. excf.li.ent. 
 
 superfetation : expr. by superfeto, 
 l: Plin. 
 
 superficial : I. Existing on the 
 surface merely: Phr. : as. vound, 
 vulnus quod in summa parte est, opp. to 
 qnod alte penetravit, Gels. 5, 26, 7 : also, 
 quod in cute est, ib. j 2? : and more pre- 
 cisely, in summa cute, id. 5, 28, i : cf. 
 also, id. 5, 26, 55, ubi derasura attritumve 
 est (s. injury by abrasion') ; a s. layer 
 of soil on rock, *terrae corium tenue 
 daxo superjectum. ||, Math. t. t., 
 relating to a superficies ; siiperf Icialis, 
 e: Cassiod. |||, Fig., shallow, not 
 profound or thorough .- I'h r. : a s. but 
 agreeable author, levis quidem sed non 
 injucundus tamen auctor. Quint. 10, i, 
 124 (Kr.) : possessing a s. acquaintance 
 with literature. Uteris leviter imbutus, 
 id. I, 2, 16 : qui (nonnlsi) primis (ut 
 dicitur) labris literas gustavit, cf. Cic. 
 N. D. I, 8, 20: no mere s. progress (in 
 ttudy), profectus non a summo petitus, 
 Quint. 10, J, 2 (where tiiere is an analogy 
 suggested between culture of the mind 
 and of the soil) . to get a s. acquaintance 
 with studies, *studiis perfundi quidem 
 sed non imbui [tingi], cf. Sen. Ep. ^6,4: 
 to possess a shony but s. knowledge of a 
 subject, *aliciyus rei scientiam vendi- 
 bilem quidem sed parura accuratam 
 habere : s. (tinsel) happiness, bracteata 
 felicitas. Sen. Ep. 115, 9: a s. opinion, 
 ■^ulgi s. vulgaris opinio (popular, as we 
 say, opp. to more thorough treatment 
 of a subject), cf Cic. de Or. j, 6, 24 ; and 
 
 id. I, 2J, 109: V. POPUI.AK (IV.). 
 
 superficiality: perh. levltas (de- 
 noting generally, want of Height, autho- 
 rity, care, or accuracy) : v. supf.eficial. 
 
 superficially : used only fig. : 1. 
 
 Igviter (slightly): Cic. de Or. }, 6, 24 
 (L eruditus): cf. id. R. Am. J2, fin., 
 leviter transire ac tautummodo perstrin- 
 gere unaniquanique rem. 2. strictim 
 (cursorily, as in passing, not dwelling 
 upcm a thing) : Cic. : Quint. Phr.: to 
 have studied a. subject s., ^iionnisi) primo- 
 ribus labris aliquam rem attigisse, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 19, 87. See also preced. art. 
 
 (III.). 
 
 superficies : math. t. t. .- super- 
 ficies, ei ; V. M'UFACE. 
 
 superfine: !. of exceedingly fine 
 texture: praetfnuis, subtilissimus: v. 
 FINE, THIN. ||, Very excellent: exl- 
 mius, longe optimus, praestantissimus: 
 
 V. EXCELLENT. 
 
 superfluity : 1. expr. by super- 
 sum, irr. : 1 am afraid you will think 
 I have a s. of icords, vereor ne superesse 
 mihi verba putes [opp. deesse], Cic. 
 Fam. I J. 6; : those wlui possess every kind 
 of s., quibus omnia [bona] supersunt, 
 cf. Ter. I'h. i, 2, 19. 2. by siiperfluo, 
 xi, xum, i (later = supersum) : there 
 should be no deficii^wy and no s. (re- 
 dundancy), nihil neque desit neque su- 
 perfluat, Quint. 8, 2, 22: Plin. 3. 
 expr. by adj. siipervacuus, siipervacane- 
 UB, siiperfluus : v. supebfldous. 
 
 SUPerfiuoviS : 1. siipervacaneus : 
 the enumeration of fat^urs is «., com- 
 memoratio officiorum s. est, Cic. Fam. j, 
 5 ; s. and useless, s. atque inutilis, Liv. 
 10, 24, med. 2. siipervficu us ( = pre- 
 ced., but later) ; s. honours of burial, s. 
 honores sepulcri, Hor. Od. 2, 20, 24: 
 Plin. : Col. : to be looked upon as s., pro 
 supervacuo haberi, Javol. Dig. 8. 4, 5. 
 3. otiosus (in language, having no 
 force, needless) : s. verbiage, o. serrao, 
 Quint. 8, 2, 19. 4. superflnus (late) ■ 
 Sen. 5. superf6raneus(late and rare) : 
 Sid. 6. expr. by circuml., minime 
 necessarius : quod minime opus est, 
 qnod nihil attinet : v. kecess.vry. 
 
 superfluously : expr. by phr., quod 
 iupervacaneum sit, etc. 
 
 superhuman : 1. sometimes 
 
 divinus- s. origin (of Komulus),d. origo, 
 820 
 
 Liv, I, 15: and in fig. sense, of what 
 exceeds theordinary range of humanity : 
 astonishing and s. excellenc, incredibilis 
 et d. virtus, Cic. Rep. j, j : Quint. 2. 
 oftener expr. by circuml. : .s. genius, 
 plus ingenii quam videtur natura hu- 
 mana ferre posse, Cic. Rep. i, 14: to 
 display «.pemiiS,hum.ini ingenii modum 
 excedere, Quint. 10,1, 50: s. stature and 
 majesty, forma viri amplior augustior- 
 que humana, Liv. i , 7 : or, simply, 
 (forma) major humana, Juv. u, 221: 
 cf. Phaedr. 4, J4, 24, duo juvenes supra 
 humanam formam . s. fortune, quod 
 supra hominis fortunam est, Cic. Leg. 2. 
 16, fin. : (a task) of s. difficulty, quod 
 supra vires hominis est, quod est supra 
 hominem, Cic. (Kr.) : s. strength, vires 
 humanis majores, humananmi virium 
 modum superantes (Kr.). 
 superimpose : siiperimpono, j : v. 
 
 TO PLACE tIPON. 
 
 superincumbent: siiperjectus, sii- 
 perinjectus. v. lying (II.), to lie on. 
 
 superinduce: expr. by ferre, effi- 
 cere, parere, with post; v. to cacse, 
 
 PKODUCK. 
 
 superintend : 1. praesum, iir., 
 with dot,, (to be at the head of); to s. 
 the erection of statues, statuis faciendis 
 p., Cic. Verr. 2, 59, 144: to s. any 
 business, negotio p., Caes. B. C. i, 61. 
 2. prociiro, i (to look after a thing 
 for another) : to s. any one's affairs, ali- 
 cujus negotia p., Cic. Fam. 12, 24: later 
 with dat. of object: to s. the distrilmtion 
 of food, alimentis dividendis p., Capit. 
 Also euro, in sense of, to have charge or 
 command: v. care, TO take. See also 
 
 SDPERINTENI>ENT (cuiator). 3. »''" 
 
 minlstro, l : v. to manage. 4. prae- 
 sideo, I : v. TO PRESIDE OVER. See also, 
 
 TO COMMAND, (BE AT THE) HEAD OF. 
 
 superintendence : cura, curatio, 
 administ ratio, etc. : v. managemekt. 
 superintendent; 1. praefectus 
 
 (any controlling officer) : s. of the curn- 
 market, rei frmnentariae (aunonae) pr., 
 Tac. A. IJ, ii: s. of the engineers, pr. 
 fabrum. Cues. B. C. I, 24 : v. governor. 
 2. curator (one who has the charge 
 of) : S.S (the aediles) of the city and the 
 corn-market, c. urbis annonae(iiie, Cic. 
 Leg. i, }, 6: s. of the Aemilian Hav, 
 c. viae Aemiliae, id. Att. i 1 : cf. id. 
 Verr. 2, 59, 144, c. qui statuis faciendis 
 praeesset. 3. prociirator (for anolht r 
 person): v. manager, agent. 4. 
 
 expr. to he s., by praeesse, praepositus 
 esse, etc. : v. to superintend, manage. 
 [N.B. — By no means superinlendens, 
 which is a needless barbarism.] 
 superintending (adj.) :_ expr. by 
 
 qui (quae) praeest: moderator (trix): 
 curam alicujus rei gerens : v. to super- 
 intend, etc. 
 
 superior (adj.) ; j. More elevated : 
 1, siipgrior, us : s.iii rank, fortune, 
 fame, loco, fortuua, fama s., Cic. Am. 25, 
 94 ; of s. rank, honoris gradu superior, 
 id. Fam. 2, 18. 2. amplior (more 
 distinguished) : v. high (II.). 3. 
 melior, us : v. good (I.. 1., d.). ||. 
 Having the advantage: 1. superior: 
 «. in cavalry, equltatu superions (hos- 
 tes), Ciies. B. G. 7, 65. 2. meliur, us: 
 s. in cavalry, melior equitatu (Poenus), 
 Liv. 21, 47, Phr, : to be s. in cavalry, 
 plus valere equitatu, Nep. Eum. i. 
 III. In gen. sense, of a better kind: 
 use compar. of bOnus, praestans, prae- 
 stabilis: v. excellent. |V. Taking 
 precedence of other things: antiquior, 
 antiquissimus: v. important. 
 
 1 to be: siipero, 1 (with ace.): 
 
 V. to surpass. 
 
 superior (subs.) .- expr. by qui prae- 
 est, praepositus est ■ v. head (VII.). 
 Sometimes praefectus may serve: v. 
 governor, officer. 
 
 superiority : expr. by circuml. . V. 
 superior. 
 
 superlative: I. of the highes^t 
 
 excellence : .ingularis, exiniius. prae- 
 clarus, divinus, etc. ; v. excellent, un- 
 PARALi.ELED. jj. In gram. : superla- 
 tuTis • Charis. : Prise. 
 superlunar ; expr. by supra lunam. 
 
 supernal : superus, siipemus, cce- 
 lestis, divinus: v. upper, heavenlv. 
 
 supernatural: 1. divinus: a *. 
 cause, causa d., Cic. Fin. 5, 11, }}. s. 
 origin (of Romulus), origo d., i>lv. : v. 
 divine. The adv. divinilus may often 
 serve : to happen by a «. cause, d. accl- 
 dere, Cic. Part. 25, od/n.; as. fore- 
 boding, praesagitio [extrinsecus injecta] 
 et inclusa d. (aiiimo), Cic. Div. i, ^i, 66. 
 2, expr. by supra naturam, etc. : 
 not praeternatural but s., *quod non 
 contra sed supra naturam rerum est: 
 quod naturae (naturales) leges trans- 
 cendit, supra naturae leges egreditur. 
 [N.B. — No such word as supernatu- 
 ral is.] 
 
 supematuralism : Phr.: to be- 
 lieve in s., "non sine divina poteutia res 
 fieri existimare. 
 
 supernaturally : diviuitus : v. su- 
 pernatural. 
 
 supernumerary : ascriptidus, as- 
 criptivus, accensus: all which tern)s 
 occur in milit. sense, and denote a kind 
 of reserve force (cf. Liv. 8, 8, accensos, 
 minime fiduciae manum) : these were 
 later called Supernumerarii, cf. Veg. 2, 
 19, fin. : accensi, hoc est, postea additi, 
 quos nunc sujiemuTnerarios vocant. 
 (For non-milit. sense, perh. ascripticius 
 is the best word.) 
 
 superposition: expr. by verb: v. 
 
 TO PLACE UPON. 
 
 superscribe : siiperscribo, j : Suet. 
 
 superscription: titulus, inscriptio, 
 elogiuDi, etc. : v. inscription. 
 
 supersede : I. To come into the 
 place of and render unnecfssary : 
 Phr.: the papyrus was s.d by parch- 
 ment, * membianarum usus in papyri 
 locum venit atque increbruit: the dis- 
 covery of gunpowder soon rauseil boius 
 and arrows to be s.d, *pulvis nitratus 
 repertus sagittarum usuiu t-ustulit. 
 II, To take the plcue of another 
 officer : e.\pr. by succedo, ssi, ssum, j 
 (to succted in office, correl. to decCdo to 
 retire) : (angry) because you were s.d, 
 (but) because Oabinius nas not, quod 
 tibi succederelur, quod Gabinio non -suc- 
 cederetur, Cic. Pis j6, 88 : v. ro suc- 
 ceed. Also expr. by in locum alicujus 
 venire: v. ro<-)M. Phr. after huo 
 years Felix u'Oj, s.d by fortius Festus. 
 bieniiio expleto acci-pit succe.'^socem 
 Felix Portium Festum, Vulg. Act. xxiv. 
 28. III. To depose: Phr.: inagis- 
 tratum alicui ab<lere: v. to depose. 
 QN.B. — Supersedeo = to dispense with.'] 
 
 supersensual : expr. by supra seu- 
 sus esse. 
 
 superstition : silperstitio : to do 
 anay with s., s toUere, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 
 148 ■ childish (old-wives') s.s, aniles s., 
 id. : the pi. is often used for greaitr 
 completeness of conception : v. foil. art. 
 (Religio only so in Lucr.) 
 
 superstitious : 1. siiperstItio-.us : 
 Cic: Liv. 2. expr. by superstitio; 
 of persons only, supeistitione imbutus. 
 Cic. Fin. i, 18, 60, superstitionum ph'u- 
 us, cf. Liv. 2, 6 (religionum plena ci%it- 
 as) : superstiiioni obuoxius, Tac. H. ;. 
 I J (superstitioiii gens dedita) : super- 
 stitione infectus, id. (Forcell.) : of a s 
 turn of mind, capti quadam supersii. 
 tione animi, Liv. 26, 19: to be carrica 
 away by s. notions, superstitione obli- 
 gari, Cic. Div. i, 4, extr. : s. practices^ 
 super^titiones : v. supr. [N.B.^Reli- 
 giosus = religious, in good stnse : rarely 
 with a bad meaning, and best not sc 
 us 'd.] 
 
 superstitiously : sfiperstitiose 
 
 Cic. • Suet. .S\ inclined, animo supei- 
 stitione infecto, etc. : v. preced. art. 
 
 superstitiousness : v. supersti- 
 tion. 
 
 superstratum : ciirium terrae 
 supra impositum; cf. Plin. Jl, i, 28. 
 v. stratum, lav.'^.r. 
 
 superstructure : * quod supra 
 (adv.) [fundaniei tis juctis] aedificatur. 
 
 supervene : supervgnio, 4 (to come 
 on, as it were, on ttie top of something 
 else) : Quint. 9, 4, 23. See also to sco 
 
 CEEP, F0I.U)W.
 
 SUPERVISION 
 
 SUPPLY 
 
 S U P P O B T 
 
 snpfiryision : cura, curatio, etc : v 
 
 eLTKIirNTKNDKNCE. 
 
 supine (a'-O); I. iyt"ff <^. "■* 
 
 back: supinus: he snores s., stertit B., 
 Hor. S. I, 5, 19: Clc: Virg. Also, r6- 
 sapinus (mostly poet.) : Att. in Cic. ; 
 Ov. II. Kig. : indoUnt: 1. su- 
 
 pinuB (rather late): Join: otiosus et 
 suplnus : Bupinus securusque. Quint. 
 Rarely resupinus : Quint. 2. lentus : 
 
 ▼. COOL, INDIFFEBENT. 3. SOCOfS. 
 
 rdlS: V. IKUOLENT, LAZY. 
 
 sapine {subs.) : suplnum (sc. ver- 
 bum): Charts.: Prise. (Included by 
 Quint, in the Verba participialia : 14, 
 «xtr.) 
 
 supinely : 1. sQpInE (rare) : Spii. 
 2. lente, negligenter, socordlter: 
 
 T. COOLLY, INDIKFEKENTLV, INDOLENTLY. 
 
 supineness ; sOcurila. negUgentia, 
 supiuus animus: v. slothfclness, neg- 
 ligence, INDIFFEBKNCE. 
 
 supper ; I. I" common sense 
 
 perh. coena {the iirincipal Roman meal 
 taken in the, ur tonards, evening) : pats. 
 But for precision it may be necessary to 
 use circuml. : those who dine late mostly 
 do not take s.. *qui sero (vespere, ves- 
 pertino) coenant nihil fere aliud cibi 
 capiunt antequam doriniunt : vesper- 
 tinus cibus may sometimes serve 
 (R. and A.) : they mostly dine about noon 
 and partake of a hearty s., *plerumque 
 meridiano tempore coenant, else largiter 
 vespertino cibo invitant. ||, The 
 
 Lord's Supper : coena Domini, coena 
 sacra, Calv. Inst. 4, 17: coena Dominica, 
 Vulg. I Cor. xi. 10: the term eucharlstia 
 is also used by eccl. writers. Phr. : to 
 go to the lord's s., *ad mensam sacram 
 accedere (Kr.). 
 
 supperless : sine coena : also use 
 jejQnus : v. fasting. 
 
 supplant: |. ^'^^■- <<> trip up 
 any otu's hcds : supplanto, i . Cic. Off. 
 J, 10, 42. II. Fig.; to lake the place 
 of aw'thrr, es\}. by artifice: perh. sub- 
 m6veo, I (lit., to clear out of the way) : 
 cf. Hor. S. I, 9, 48, dispeream ni sum- 
 mosses onines : or perh. praeverto, ante- 
 verto, } {to anlvyipate, get beforehand 
 with) : to s. any one in the royal favour. 
 •aliquem principis farore praevertere, 
 antevertere, privare aliquem principis 
 favore (Kr.) : in aUcujus locum (gra- 
 dmn) favoris apud principem venire. 
 ["N.B. — Not supplanto in this sense.] 
 supple: flexibilis, flexilis, mollis, 
 
 etc : V. FLEXIBLE, PLIANT. 
 
 supplement : 1. supplementum 
 (that vhich is added to make up a de- 
 ficiency) : cf. TO FILL UP. Freq. in 
 "mod. Lat. in literary sense : e. g. *Frein- 
 shemii supplementum (Q. Curt), etc. 
 2. perh. accessio {addition) : a 
 (m^-e) s. to the Punic war (Suphax), a. 
 I'uiiici belli, l.iv. 45, 39, med. 
 
 supplemental; *quod supplement! 
 
 loco accedit; v. supplement. 
 
 suppleness: molUtia, mollis s. flexi- 
 bilis natnra: v. flexiisilitv. 
 
 suppliant {a<ij-) '■ supplcx, ids : 
 s. hands, s. manus, Cic. Foiit. 17, j8: 
 Virg. 
 
 suppliant {subs.) .- supplex. Ids, c. : 
 he is your s., judges, vester est s., Judices, 
 Clc Mur. 40, 86 r a s.for your mercy, s. 
 vestrae niisericordiae, id. Coel. Jj, 79. 
 
 SUPpliantlr : supplIcUer Cic. : 
 Caes. Also, supplex may sometimes 
 serve ace. to L.G. ^ J4J • she s. strttches 
 forth her hand, manus supplex tendit, 
 Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 18: Virg. Join: sup- 
 pliciter demis-seque, Cic. 
 
 supplicate : 1. snppiico, i (with 
 
 dot. or absol.) : humUy to s. any one, 
 .allcui summisse s., Cic. I'l. 5, 12: Ter. 
 Join: precari, supplicare, Cic. 2, 
 obsecro, i {earnestly to enln-at, conjure) : 
 V. TO entbeat. 3. pr6cor, deprCcor 
 (strengthened from simple verb) : v. to 
 
 PBAY. 
 
 supplication: I. ^n entreaty: 
 (prex), precis, em, e,./. : obsecratio, nb- 
 lestatio: v. pbater. entreatv. 'Jo 
 make s., supplicare. etc . v. tx> strrpi.!- 
 CATE. (The use of supplicia— si/j)/)/i. 
 
 to be imitated.) ||, A formal and 
 general appeal to the gods, in Roman 
 usage : bupplTcatio : to deaee a s. on 
 account of anything, s. pro aliqua re 
 decemere, Clc. Cat. j, 6, 15 : to decree a 
 s.for tuv days, s. In bidunm d., Liv. 10, 
 2} : the pi. often occurs, of s.s prolonged 
 for several days : Liv. I. c. : Cic. 
 
 supplicatory : supplex : v. sup- 
 pliant {adj.). In a s. tone. soppUciter : 
 
 v. S0PPLIANTLY. 
 
 supplied (part, and adj.): 1. rS- 
 fertus {well s., alioundmg in : with 
 abl.): well s. uHth all (he gifts of 
 fortune, omnibus donis for tunae r., Cic. 
 Tusc 5, l.fn.: Tac 2. copiosus: a 
 place u-ell s. with provision', lucus a fru- 
 mento copiosus, Cic. Alt. ;, 18: o safe 
 and well-supplied camp, caslra tula et 
 c. Liv. 9, 44. Join: [rebus omnibus] 
 omatu.ii et copiosus, Cic. : aiplosus um- 
 niumque rerum abundans, Nep. Kum. 8. 
 3. instructus {fitted out, equipped) : 
 an army equipped and s. with every- 
 tking, copiae omnibus rebus omatae at- 
 que instr., Cic. Man. 8, 20: so, paratus: 
 v. TO FCKNISH (11.). Phr.: he had sn 
 out for his province veU. s., in pr.-vintlam 
 copiose profectus erat, Cic. Verr. i, j 
 i<>, 91. 
 
 SUoply (t).): I. To fill np: 1. 
 suppleo, evi, etum, 2 : to s the place oj 
 anything, vicem alicujus rei s., Plln. Kp. 
 5, 6, 25 of a parent, parentis locum s., 
 .Sen. irag. : v. to fill up. 2. sarcio, 
 rfisarcio, 4 (to make up wliat has been 
 lost or repair damages): v. Goou. to 
 MAKE. Phr.: to s. any one's place, ali- 
 cujus vice fungi, Liv. i, 41, fin. : also, 
 vicem explere, Tac. A. 4, 8: obtinere, 
 Qulni. II, }. 8-;: muneri alicujus suc- 
 cedere, Cic. Verr. 4. J7, 81 : *succedere 
 in alicujus locum (K. and A.). ||, 
 
 To furnish : 1. praebeo, 2 : v. TO 
 ruKNisn. 2. miniftro, i (usn. with 
 ace. and dat. : to s. as an attendant or 
 inferior may do) : to s. any one with 
 men and arms (said of a country), allcui 
 viros et arma m., Tac. H. 4, 12: to s. 
 any one with firebrands, faces allcui m., 
 Cic. Pis. 11: a.hiul frenzy s.s anns, 
 turor arma m., Virg. 3. sui>pedito, i 
 (to s. in abundance or sufiicient quan- 
 tity) : to s. fuiuU:, sumptus s., Liv. 21, 
 48: {pipes)' by xhich the temples loeie 
 s.'d xvith waier, quibus aqua suppedlta- 
 batur lemplis, Cic C. Kab. 11, ji : to i. 
 any one with com. frumentum ex pro- 
 vinces s., id. 4. snggero, j: v. to 
 furnish (1.. 4). III. In quasi-pa.-«. 
 use, to be s.'d uith, i. e. to have s. of: 
 1, suppedito, I : (things) uith which 
 we are veil s.'d, ichile he is destitute, 
 quibus nos suppeditamus, ille eget, Cic. 
 Cat. 2, 11,2;: whence the rivers are s.'d, 
 unde flumina s., Lucr. i, 2J2. 2. 
 with dat. of person : su)>peto,ivi and li. 
 ilum, } (to be at hand, in store) ■ if any 
 one is s.'d vith these things, si cui haec 
 suppetunt, Oc. Off. 2, 9, extr. 
 
 supply (subs.) : I. In gen. sense, 
 sufficiency of things for use or vant: 
 1. copia": to furnish any one vilh a 
 s. of com, facere alicui frumentl c, Caes. 
 E.G. I, 28 : so. expr., having a (good) s. 
 of, by copiosus : v. supplied (2.). 2. 
 facultas (means, command of things) : 
 ample s. of the necessaries of war, omni- 
 um rerum quae ad bellura usui sunt, 
 f. summa, Caes. B. G. i, j8 : abundant 
 s., copiosa {.. Col. 3. a sufficient s., 
 satis: tanlum quantum sat est: v. 
 ENonoH. II. In pi. only: supplies: 
 i. e. means ofcairying on (esp. military) 
 operations: 1. commeatus, us: used 
 lx)lh as collect, sing., and in pi. : to col- 
 lect s.s,commean\m [ex agrlsjconvehere, 
 Liv. 2, 14: to tie cut of from s.s, com- 
 meatu prohil>eri, Cic Man. 17 : large s.s 
 of com, niapni c. frumenti, Liv. As 
 distinct froni nieie /n-ovisions : to cut 
 any one offi from corn and s.s. aliquem 
 frumento comineatuque intercludere, 
 Caes. B. G. i. 48. 2. copiae, arum 
 (j)rotyisions) : Caes. B. G. 4, 4 (partem 
 hiemis se eornin copiis aluerunt) : Tac. 
 3, lacuitutes (means, rffources) : 
 
 cations is rare [SaU. Cat. 52] and not ; Caes.: Cic. 4. of corn and jirovi- 
 
 riont, res frumentarii: v. fbovisions 
 S»-e nWi STORE. III. i/ne wlio takes Uit 
 place of another : vicarius: qui alienaa 
 vicem obtinet: v. bubstitute. 
 support (»■)•• I. ^^ f>^<"^ "P- •» 
 
 a weight : 1, sustlneo, ul, tentuin, 2: 
 i/) s. an (tx on one's shoulders, bovem 
 humeris s., Clc. Sen. 10, jj: an arcli 
 s.ing a bridge, fornix quo pona Bus- 
 tinetur, Auct. B. Alex. 19: Hor. 2. 
 fulcio, suffulcio, 4: V. TO prop. 3. 
 
 expr. pass, by Innitor. sus and xus, j 
 (lit. to lean upom): s.'d by tvo lUivet. 
 duubus servis liinixos, Plln. Kp. 6, 16, 
 19: V. TO PROP (3). 4. sublevo, I 
 (to lift or bear up) : s.ing themseltrs by 
 the maTies of their horses, jubis equo- 
 rum sublevati, Caes. B. G. 1,48 : he died 
 in the arms of those s.ing him (help- 
 ing him up), inter manus sublevaiitium 
 exstlnctus esi. Suet. Vesp. 24 : to b< 
 s.'d by corks, "cortice sublevari. ||. 
 To bear uittiout giving way. bear up 
 under: sustlneo, fero, perffiro, tolfero: 
 V. to bear, endure. Ill, To keep (art- 
 other) from giving way, help to t>ear: 
 1. sustlneo, 2: cf. Clc. Itab. Poet 
 16, 4J, amicum suum labcntem excepit, 
 fulsit, et sustinuit re, lortuna. fide : to f. 
 the necessities of others, necessitate* 
 aliorum s., Liv. So esp. frequent, sus- 
 tento, I : one consolation sj me, me una 
 consolatio s., Clc. Mil. j6, 100. 2. 
 adjuvo, fipitiilor, etc. : v. to aid, bbsJ". 
 IV. To maintain, nourish : 1. 
 alo, ui, itum and Hum, } : v. to main- 
 tain (VI.). 2. sustlneo, 2: to be s.'d 
 by any one's litteiality, alicujus mnni- 
 ficentia sustineri. Liv. J9. 9 : Virg. 
 Join: all et sustineri, Cic. So frequent. 
 sustento, I : v. to maintain (VL, 2.). 
 3. exhibeo, 2 (in legal sense, te 
 fumish with a maintei.ance, whenw 
 Eng. an exhibition) : to be (legally) com- 
 pelled to s. children, liberos ex. cogi, 
 UIp. Dig. 25. i, 5- V. ^0 <»><i-" 1. 
 adjuvo, jiivo, I : v. TO assist. 2. 
 adsum, irr. {to be present uith : hence 
 esp of a superior who stands by anoUier 
 to uphold him by his prtsence and in- 
 fluence; to s.asan advocate: with dot.): 
 the Athenians s.'d the petition of the 
 Aetolians, aderant precibus Aelolorum 
 Attici, Klor. 2, 9, j: J as dictator will s. 
 tlie veto, dictator intercessioni adero, Liv. 
 6, j8, med.: Dicaearchus s.s this vieiu, 
 cui scntt-ntiae adest D., Plln. 2, 65, 6;. 
 3. sublgvo, I (to li>t up, as it u'ere, 
 and succour in need) : to defend and s. 
 , people, homines defendere atque s., Cic 
 l)lv. \'eir. 2, 5: to «. in a candi'Jature, 
 aliquem in petitione s., Caes. B.C. i, 12: 
 v. relieve. VI- li) countenance and 
 help by vole, ivtertst, etc.: 1, suf- 
 fiagor, 1 {vote for : with dat.) : Clc- : 
 Liv. : in less exact .'ense, Jlortentiui 
 S.S you, opposes me, tibi Hortensius »., 
 me oppugnal, Cic. Div. Verr. 7, if. and 
 of Fortune aiding, id. Fam. 10, 5. 2. 
 perh. adsum, i»t. : cf. supr. (V.). 
 Phr.: to s. a fKirticular proposal by vote 
 (in the senate). In s'^ntenliam aliquam 
 ire. Sail. Cat. 50. VII. '^ sustain a 
 pa)i: susiineo. 2: v. ro susTAts. 
 
 support {subs ): |. L 1 1. : a prop, 
 ttay : 1. fulcimentum (for propping 
 up) : the whole body abandoned by its 
 S.S collapses, tolum corpus desertum f. 
 suis labitur in ruinam, Macr. S. 7, 9, od 
 init.: Sol. 2. fulmentum (shortened 
 from preced. for which it occurs as v.L) 
 dels. (Fulcrum Is regularly the foot ot 
 leg of a couch.) 3. tirniamentun 
 
 (anything to add strriigth or stability) 
 (cross-beams) to act as a s., quae fiiiuv 
 mento sint, Caes. B. C. i, 15: GclU 
 Less freq. firmiimcn, Inis, n. ; Ov. 4. 
 adminlciilum ((/ vines : called also ped- 
 amen): v. prop (L). 5. stAtumen 
 (an upright, in uvod-ivork). \l 
 
 K I g. : upltolder, supporter : cCldmen, 
 praesidium : v. prop (II.). Or expr. by 
 verb : to be thes.of, sustlnere. sustentare, 
 tueri: v. prop (IL); also, to maintain 
 (I.), DEFEND. III. yourishment, main- 
 tenance : ailmenium, e-^ibltio, susten- 
 latio: v. maintenance (IL). Or expr 
 by verb: v. to maintjok (VL), SCF-
 
 SUP P O RT A B LE 
 
 S U PR E M E 
 
 SURETY, TO BE 
 
 POKT (IV.). !V. In milit.. sense : sub- 
 sidla, orum : v. reserve. 
 
 supportable: tOlerabilis: or expr. 
 by tolerari, sustineri posse : v. to bear, 
 
 SUPPORT. 
 
 supporter: esp. in political sense: 
 1. suffragator: v. voter. The 
 aggregate of a candidate's s.s may be 
 expressed by copiae : cf . Cic. Mur. 2 1 , 
 4.J, petitorem. . . magnis copiis in cam- 
 pum deduci volo (by numerous s.s). 
 
 2. fautor, archaice f avitor (in gen. 
 sense, a promoter, partisan, approver 
 of): a s. of the aristocracy, nobilium 
 fautor, Cic. R. Am. 6, 16 : cf.id. PI. init., 
 where it is used of those vho wish success 
 to a candidate. 3. adjutor : v. help- 
 er. .Join: [alicujus honorl] favere, 
 adjutorque esse, Caes. B. C. i, 7. 4. 
 cultor (one who devotes himself to) : most 
 faithful s. of the Roman empire, c. fidis- 
 slmus imperii Romani, Liv. 5. expr. 
 to be a s. of, by verb : v. to sttpport 
 (V., VI.). 
 
 SUPPOSable r expr. by putari, ammo 
 fingi, posse : v. to suppose. 
 
 suppose : I. to lay down for the 
 sake of argument or illustiutiun : 1, 
 pono, pSsul, itum, ; (to assume) : s. that 
 he is conquered, pone, victum esse eum, 
 Ter. Ph. 4, }, 25 : Cic. Join: ponere 
 atque concedere, Cic. 2. imperat. 
 mood only, f acio, j (denoting a case put 
 j>hich is not really so : whereas pono 
 nsu. assumes a thing as true) : pray 
 $. that you are I, fac, quaeso, qui ego 
 sum esse te, Cic. Fam. 7, 2! : Ov. : also 
 with suhj. fac velit, Stat. Ach. 2, 242. 
 
 3. fingo, nxi, ctum, ; {to fancy, 
 imagine) : s. that we hace an Alexander 
 given «s (to teach), fingamus Alexan- 
 drum dari nobis, Quint, i, 1, 24: Cic: v. 
 TO FANCr, IMAGINE. QN.B. — Not sup- 
 pono, which in this sense has no autho- 
 rity-] II. To be of opinion : \, 
 puto, existimo, I : v. to think. Puto, 
 or ut puto, is often used parenthetically, 
 like our Is.: I s., 1 am turning into a 
 god, ut puto, dcus Do, Suet. Vesp. 2}.- 
 Mart. (Not so existimo, which implies 
 more deliberate use of the judgment.) 
 
 2. 6pinor, i (denoting mere opinion, 
 whether well-founded or not.) : also used 
 with and w'ithout ut, parenth. : Cic. 
 3, arbitror, I: v. TO think. 4. 
 credo, didi, dltum, j (oft. about — Eng. 
 / dare say) : cf. Cic. Cat. i, 2. 5, si te 
 jam, Catilina. interfici jusseio, credo erit 
 yerendum (/ s., / shall haiie reason to 
 fear, etc.) : v. to believe. See also 
 foil. art. 
 
 supposing {part.) : expr. by ut 
 with suhj. : but even s. that to be so, 
 verum ut ita sit..., Cic. Verr. ?, 64, 
 t ;i. Also the subj. may be used alone : 
 cf. L.G. } 4?2. 
 
 supposition: I. f^omething laid 
 doivn as a basis of argument : expr. by 
 pono, f iicio, fingo : on this s. (or assump- 
 tion), quo posito, Cic. Fin. j, 8, 29 : v. 
 TO SUPPOSE (I.). Also putare may some- 
 times serve : and if this is too improb- 
 able a s. to be entertained, * quod si vel 
 putari (animo fingi) absurdum est; quod 
 si ne putare quidem possumus : v. to 
 SUPPOSE (II.), F.\NCT. II. A (mere) 
 
 notion or unfounded belief : opinio : 
 mere s.s, opinion um commenta : Cic. 
 
 N. D. 2, 2, 5 : V. OPINION, CONJECTURE. 
 
 supposititious: •• e- dishonestly 
 substituted, not genuine : 1. subditus 
 (p. part.) : he suspects that he is a s. 
 child, s. se esse suspicatur, Ter. Heaut. 
 5, }, 12: Liv.: Dig. 2. subditivus 
 (a generally descriptive term, whereas 
 subditus simply denotes a fact respect- 
 tng a ceitain person) : PI. : Suet. : Cic. 
 (in somewhat diff. sense, Verr. 5, 27, 
 69). 3. subditicius ( = preced.) : 
 
 PI. : Lampr. (Less good — precedd., 
 suppbsitiis, siippositicius : but the verb 
 .suppono may serve : she uas my mis- 
 tress's s. child, herae meae supposita 
 est parva, PI. Cist. 4. 2, 5-) See also 
 
 SPURIOUS. 
 
 suppress: I. To put down, crush: 
 1, comprimo, pressi, ssum, i ■ to s. 
 a, sedition, seditionem c, Liv. 2, 2J: to 
 822 
 
 s. applause by word and gesture, ninr- 
 mura voce manuque c, Ov. M. i, 206: 
 Cic. 2. partially, for a time: re- 
 primo, J : v. to repress. 3. op- 
 primo, J (to overwhelm, crush, usu. with 
 ref. to open enemies) : v. to overwhelm. 
 See also infr. (11.). 4. sedo, i (to 
 quiet, quell) : to s. a mutiny (by restor- 
 ing order): seditionem s., Cic. Rep. i, 
 ;8 : Caes. 5. coerceo, 2 : v. to re- 
 strain. II. To keep quiet, prevent 
 anything from, becoming known : 1, 
 opprinio, j : to s. and conceal anything, 
 aliquid o. atque abscondere, Cic. R. Am. 
 41, extr. : to s, infamy, infamiam o.. 
 Just. 2. reprimo, j : (the recollection 
 of a thing) not extinct but s.'d, non 
 extincta sed repressa, Cic. Coel. }o. 3. 
 supprimo, j ; to s. a rum/mr, famam s., 
 Liv. 5, I. 4. also simple verb, pre- 
 mo, }: to s. one's anger (hide it), iram 
 p., Tac. A. 6, 50: Virg. 5. exstinguo, 
 nxi, nctum, j (to put an end to) : to s. 
 (silence) rumours, rumores ex., Caes. 
 B. C. r, 60. In same sense, rumorem 
 abolere, Tac. P h r. : s.ing the name of 
 her informaM, sublato nomine auctoris. 
 Sail. Cat. It. Ill, To restrain, prevent 
 from rising or breaking out : 1. 
 supprimo, j : to s. one's vexation, aegri- 
 tudinem s., Cic. Tusc. j, Ji, 75 : to s. 
 tears, lacrimas s., Albin. 2. re- 
 
 primo, J : to s. a groan, gemitum r., Ov. 
 M. 9, 16} : to s. anger, iracundiam r., 
 Ter. Ad. 5, j, 8. 
 
 suppression: chiefly in phr., s. of 
 truth, suppressio veri : M. L. (Sup- 
 pressio in Cic. 01. 25, 68 =: keeping back 
 of money, embezzlement.) Or expr. by 
 verb : v. to suppress. 
 
 suppurate: 1. suppuro, i (to 
 form pus under the skin) -• Cels. ■ v. to 
 fester. 2. expr. by pus, puris, n., 
 with a verb : (the icound) s.s f>eloxv the 
 joint, pus infra articulum nascitur, Cels. 
 5, 26, 28 : the clotted blood S.S, sanguis 
 concretus in pus vertitur, ib. § 2}. So 
 by himor : if the wound s., si quid intus 
 fpurulenti] hunioris concreverit, ib. 
 paulo infr. : cf. ib. } J I, ex nigro ulcere 
 h. pallidus ferlur. 
 
 suppuration: 1. suppuratio: 
 
 Cels. 2, 8, iuit. : Plin. 2. expr. by 
 pus, with a verb: if s. have set in, *si 
 pus nasci coeperit : v. to suppurate. 
 
 suppurative (sm6s.) .- i- e. a medicine 
 promotive of suppuration, medicament- 
 um suppuratorium : Plin. 
 
 supralapsarians : *supraiapsarii, 
 
 quos theologici, appellant: *qui supra 
 Adami lapsum redemptionis hominum 
 causas rationemque repetunt. 
 supremacy: 1. prindpatus, us 
 
 (like Gr. iiyenovla- foremost position 
 and control) : to exercise s., p. teiiere, 
 Caes. B. 6. i, Ji: s. of rank, dignitatis 
 pr., Cic. Off. 2, 19, ()6. Join: princi- 
 patus atque imperium.Caes. ; dominatus 
 et pr., Cic. 2. dominatus, us (sove- 
 reignty : esp. of an absolute kind : 
 whereas principalus strictly denotes only 
 highest position amongst those more or 
 less nearly equal) .- v, sovereignty. 
 See also sicpr. (1). 3. iniperium 
 
 (supreme power) : to fight for s., de im. 
 decertare, Cic. Am. 8, 28 (of the xvars 
 with fyrrhus and Hannibal) : v. 
 POWER, empire. To exercise s., domin- 
 ari : v. to rule, reign. 
 
 supreme : I. J>tost exalted : 1. 
 supremus : oh '. s. Jupiter '. pro, supreme 
 Jupiter. Ter. Ad. 2, I, 42: PI. Also 
 summus, in same sense: v. high (II., 2), 
 and v. infr. (phr.). 2. when the re- 
 ference is to poioer rather than rank, 
 dbminus: the gods, s. rulers over all 
 things, dil, d. omnium rerum ac modera- 
 tores, Cic. Leg. 2, 7, init. : cf. id. Plane. 
 4, ad fin., hiijus principis populi et om- 
 nium gentium domini atque victoris. 
 3. or expr. by circuml. : s. God, cui 
 omnia parent : qui omnia regit ac 
 moderatur: Deus omnium rerum reg- 
 nator: v. ruler, to rule. Phr.: s. 
 power, imperium : esp. with summum : 
 (consul) with s. power and authority, 
 cum sumnio imp. ot potestate, Cic. Verr. 
 Act. I, ij, J7: also with omne: Cic. 
 
 Rep. I, 48, omne imp. nostri penes singn- 
 los esse voluerunt =; (s. power over us): 
 s. concern (interest) of the state, summa 
 respublica, Cic. R. Am. 51, 148. ||. 
 Critical, of the utmost moment : sum- 
 mus : at this s. moment for the state, 
 summo reip. tempore, Cic. Ph. 5, 17, 46. 
 Ill, Greatest, extreme: supremus: 
 the s. penalty (death), s. supplicium, id. 
 Leg. 2, 9, 22. 
 
 supremely : unlce, praedpue, prae 
 omnibus aliis, etc.: v. exceedingly, 
 intensely. [N.B. — Not potissimum, 
 which simply means, rather than any 
 other.'] Join: unice et eximie diligere, 
 Gell. Somt't\n\es = altogether : s. un- 
 concerned, unice securus, Hor. Od. i, 
 16, 5. 
 
 surcharge ("•)■• |. To overload 
 q. V. II. To charge something more 
 make an addition to a tax : perh. maju: 
 tributum exigere : plura exigere quan 
 quae aestimata erant. 
 
 surcharge (subs.) .• v. preced. art. 
 
 sure : I. Objectively, certain, not 
 to be doubted : 1. certus : v. certain. 
 2. compertus (proved, satisfactorily 
 made out) : facts s. and certain, com- 
 perta et explorata, Liv. 42, i j, init. (opp 
 incertis jactata rumoribus): Cic. 3. 
 explCratus : v. certain. ||. To t>t 
 trusted : 1. certus : o S. friend, c. 
 amicus, Enn. in Cic. : s. men, Cic. Fam. 
 
 f.7- 2. fidUS; V. FArrHFUL, TRUSTY. 
 
 Ill, Subjectively, entertaining no 
 doubt : usu. best expr. by phr. ■ / am 
 quite s., compertum habeo. Sail. Cat. y8, 
 init. : and with a certain diff. of mean- 
 ing, mihi persuadeo, Cic. R. A. 2, extr. : 
 also, mihi persuadetur, Caes. B. 6. i, 40 : 
 and persuasum habeo, ib. }, 2, extr. 
 LN.B. — Compertum habeo denotes the 
 certainty resulting from external proof : 
 the other phrr. only subjective conrnc- 
 tion.] Parenthetically, / am s., may 
 be expr. by hercle, mehercle, etc. : v. 
 
 SURELY. 
 
 -footed ; *qui pedlbus bene ac 
 
 firmiter insistit. 
 
 surely: I. Securely, safely: tide, 
 firmiter: v. safely, fibml?. ||. 
 
 Without doubt : 1, certe, certo (of a 
 certainty) : v. certainly. 2. pr5- 
 fecto (an emphatic word, assured jy); 
 it is not so, s. it is not, non est ita, non 
 est p, Cic. Fl. 22, ;?: you t. remernher, 
 meministi p., id. Am. i, 2 : Hor. 3, 
 nimirum (no doubt : lit. strange if it 
 II ere not so) : v. undoubtedly. 4. 
 hercle, mehercle (rare) • hercule, me- 
 hercule: hercQles, mehercules (by Her- 
 cules : forms of asseveration common in 
 dialogue) : and s. (sure enough) so he 
 did, et hercle ita fecit, Cic. Am. 11, 57 : 
 this I shall say with truth, s., vere me- 
 hercule hoc dicam, id. Plan. 26, 64. 5, 
 immo (Imo), vero, enimvero (really, in- 
 deed: esp. in reply to something that 
 has been said) : v. really, indeed. 
 Ill, Implying a restriction : at least: 
 certe, saltem : v. least, at. 
 
 SUreneSS : expr. by adj. : also some- 
 times Hrmitas, stabilitas, may serve : 
 v. firmness, stability, certainty. 
 
 surety: 1. vas, vadis, m. (gen. 
 term : praes Qv. infr.], denoting only a 
 s. in a civil action) : he became s. for 
 his appearance, v. factus est ejus sis- 
 tendi, Cic. Off. j, 10, 45 : to give «., vades 
 dare : v. bail. 2. praes, dis, m. ; to 
 take s. for public moneys, praedes pub- 
 licae pecuniae accipere, Cic. Fam. 2, 17 : 
 to give s.s, p. dare, id. ; v. security (V.). 
 3. sponsor (one who pledges him- 
 self on behalf of another : the vas and 
 praes being usu. mere passive instru' 
 ments in a legal transaction) : f'ompey 
 is s. to Caesar for my good-will. Pom- 
 peius s. est illi de mea voluntate, Cic. 
 Prov. Cons. 18, 4? : s. for the fulfilment 
 of any one's promises, s. promissorum 
 alicujus, id. Att. i?, 15. Esp. in eccL 
 sense, a s. in baptism : Tert, 4. 
 obses, idis, c. : v. hostage. 
 
 , to be or become : 1. expr. 
 
 by vas, praes, etc., with a verb : v. 
 SURETY. 2. spondeo, sp6pondl,8pon- 
 sum, 2 (in gen. sense: comp. subbty,3):
 
 SURETYSHIP 
 
 SURPASS 
 
 SURRENDER 
 
 to make oneself s. for any one, i. pro 
 sliquo, Cic. Plane. "ly. 47 : and absol., 
 Liv.: Hor. 3. intercedo, j (eg. int. 
 pecuniam): T. TOGUAKANTHK (2). 4. 
 
 praesto, stltl, stitum, I : /u«.part.,prae- 
 sta'.urus (to ansicer for) : v. BhSK>N- 
 8IBLF. (I., 2). 5. sktisdo, I: V. TO 
 
 GniRANTEK. 
 
 suretyship : perh- vadlmonia, n. 
 pi. : cl. h. G. 5 591. 
 
 surf : 1. aestus, lis. m. : the sea 
 boiU loith s., fervel aestu pdaRUs, I'ac. 
 inOadeOr. }. 59, i;r 2. tUictus, 
 lis, m. : the s. rolle/i upon the shore, fl. vo- 
 lutu" ad terras, Virg. G. ?. 257: to Uap 
 fruui, their ships and stand in the s., 
 de navibus desilire et in fluctibus con- 
 sistere, Caes. B. G. 4, 24. 3. spumans 
 unda cf. Virg. G. 4, 529 ^'- " a\ k. 
 
 surface ; 1. superficies, ei, /. 
 
 (po8t-Aug\ist.) : the s of the xvater, s. 
 aquae, O'l. 8, 15, j Plin. 2. ''xpr. by 
 tummus with subs. ■ to sirim on the s. 
 of the water. In aqua suniniii natare, I'l. 
 Cas. 2, 6, {} : the springs are on the s., 
 fontes sunt in sumnio, Plin. Ep. 2, iT.fin. 
 Phr. : his envi/ was concealed, his jltd- 
 terij on the s., invidia in occulio, adulatio 
 in aperto erat, Tac. H. 4, 4 : / know i/ou 
 thoroughly ami below the s., te inlus et 
 in cute novi, I'ers. }, Jo. 
 
 surfeit («"'«•) •• I. ^'o? much food 
 or drinh • 1. satigtas, tatia,/. : fat- 
 tened with a continual s., assidua s. 
 obesus, Plin. 8, 26, 40, } 96. 2. satu- 
 ritas, tktis,/. : drunk vrith a s. of wine, 
 gaturitate ebrius, PI. Capt. i, i, 41. ||. 
 The feeling caused by too mw-h food or 
 drink : 1. satletas • he used to break- 
 fast to a s., prandebat ad s., Suet. Itoni. 
 21. 2. fastidlum: honey creates a s., 
 mel f. creat, Plin. 22, 24, 50. i i°9- 
 Join: saiietas el f., Cic. Inv. i, 17, 
 15. 3. crudiias. tatis, /. ; id. de Sen. 
 I Ji 44- 4. crapiila : to sleep off a s., 
 c. edormire, id. I'hil. 2, 12, jo. Phr.: 
 his stomach being sich from yesterday's 
 s., stomacho marcente pridiani cibi onere. 
 Suet. Cal. ;8. |||. Meton.: 1. sa- 
 tietas: to take a s. of love, suniere s. 
 amoris, Ter. Ph. 5, 5, 6. 2. taedium : 
 worn out with a s. of anxiety, t. ciiraruni 
 fessus, Tac. A. 12, !9. 3. fastidium : 
 pleasure by constant repetition produces 
 a «., voluptas assiduitate f. parit, Plin. 
 12, 17, 40, ^ 81. Join : satietas et fas- 
 tidium, Cic. de Or. j, 25, 98. 4. nausea: 
 Mart. 4, J7, 9. 
 
 surfeit («•)•• A. Trans. : |. 
 With food: 1. Bngrare veni rem : Sail. 
 Or. de Rep. ord. i : cf. id. J. 76, Jin. 
 2. ingurgito, I : to s. ones'^lf, se ing., 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 2j. 3. saturo, i : lions 
 s.'d vrith slaughtered fcine, armenii sa- 
 turati caede ' leones, Ov. M. 10, 541. 
 II. Meton.: 1, salio, l : tobes.'d 
 with pleasure, delectatione satiari, Cic. de 
 Sen. 15, 52- to s. the mind, s. animum. 
 Id. Phil. II, ?, 9. 2. saturo, i ; men 
 s.'d with honours, homines saturaii hu- 
 noribus, id. Plane. 8, 20. 3. expleo, 
 evl, etum. 2 : tos. oneself xdth slauglder. 
 Be exp. caede, Li%'. 51, 24. 4. relercio, 
 si, turn, 4 : to s. one's ears with talk, 
 aures ref. sermonibus, Cic. Kab. Post. 14, 
 40. B. 1 n trans. : to be over-filled, 
 SUrfeitfi : V. SUP. 
 
 surge {tubs.) -. fluctus, aestus : v. 
 
 8DBF, WAVK. 
 
 surge (t')' 'o swell, rise high: tu- 
 mescere, surgere, toUi : v. rise, swell. 
 
 surgeon : 1. chlrurgus, m. : Cels. 
 I, praef. 2. nK'dicus : a s.fur wounds, 
 vulnerunim., Plin. 29. I, 8, ^ 22. Phr. : 
 tola7wean uktr iri(h the surgeon's knife, 
 rescinderc os ulceris ferro, Virg. G. j, 
 
 45? : V. PHY.SICIAN. 
 
 surgery: I. Ttie art of sargerii ■■ 
 
 I. 1 hirurgia : Ccls. 7. praef. (usrd in 
 fig. sense by Cic. Alt. 4, ;, for violent 
 measures). 2. chlrurglca mCdicina: 
 Hyg. Kab. 274. 3. Pi^rs mcdiclnae 
 quae manu curet, Cels. 7, praef. P li r. : 
 to employ surgery to sores, medicat* ad- 
 
 . hibere nianus ad vulnera, Virg. G. J,4;;. 
 
 II, The shop of a surgeon : vaediana 
 K. tabema: R. Men. ;, 7, }. 
 
 surgical ; chirurgScus : Hyg. Fab. 
 
 274. Phr.: to employ a s. operatioti te 
 a disease, morbo curationeni adhib.'re, 
 Cic. Off. I, 24, 8j: perb. 'manu curare 
 niorbuni. 
 
 surlily : mOrOsS : dure : durllcr : v. 
 
 STIiKNLV, ILI.-TKMI"K.RKD. 
 
 surliness: 1, morOsitas, talis,/. .• 
 itse/e-M and olTensire s., m. Inutilis et 
 odiosa, Cic. Off. i, 25, 88. 2. a^P^- 
 ritas, tatis,/.; {a man) of such s. as to 
 aroid intercourse with mankind, qui ea 
 asperitate est ut homlnum amgressus 
 fugiat, id. Am. 2?, 87. 3. difflcultas, 
 tatis,/. : to swallow (endure) a man's s., 
 asp-ritatem exsorbere, id. Mur. 9, 19: 
 
 V. ILI.-TKMPEB, CRDHSNtiSS. 
 
 surly •" Join: morosus et difflcllis • 
 cf. Cic. de Sen. 18, 65 : v. CROSS, ili- 
 
 TEMI'RRED. 
 
 surmise (subs.) : conjectura, ae : t. 
 
 COKJKl rnRE, .slIlM'OSITION. 
 
 surmise (i'-)-' coiyecturam capere, 
 facere: suspicor, atus, i: v. toconjbc- 
 tcbe, SCPI-OSE. 
 
 surmount: }. hit.-, to over-top, 
 
 pass oi'er : 1. siipSro, i : to s. moun- 
 tains, montes 8., Vlrg.ii. 5,270: s. forti- 
 fications, munltiones s., LIv. 5, 8 : to have 
 s.'d so long a journey, superasse tantum 
 itmeris, Tac. Agr ? ?. 2. exsupfiro, i : 
 he s.s the hill, e.\s. jugum, Virg. Aen. 11, 
 90;. 3. vinco, vici, victum, j : Virg. G. 
 2, 124: V. PA.ss OVER. II, Fig.: en- 
 dure, overcome: 1. siip6ro, i : u^have 
 s.'d all mischances, casus superavimus 
 omnes, Virg. Aen. 11, 244: to s. dijli- 
 culties, difficultates s.. Veil. 2, 120. 2. 
 exsupSro, 1 : to x the unevenness of the 
 ground, exs. iniqultatem loci, Liv. 2, 6;. 
 3. vinco, J : Join: vinco and 
 siiperg'rgdior : virtue s.'d and rose supe- 
 rior to vice, virtus vieit ac supergrcssa 
 est vitium,Tac. Agr. i : tos. difficulties, 
 difficultates v., Hirt. B. G. 8. 41 : v. 
 
 OVERCOME. 
 
 surmountable ; 1. supgrabiiis, e : 
 
 a ivall that is s., mums s., Liv. 2;, 2J. 
 2. exsQperabilis, e: a rock uhose 
 weight is in-s., iion exsuperabile saxiim, 
 Virg. G. J, J9 (others explain iion ex- 
 superabile here to = that cannot overtop 
 the hUl). 
 surname (subs.) : |. Family name .- 
 1, cognomen, inis, n. (opp. to nomen, 
 the gentile name, and praenOmcn, the 
 individual name) I'ublius and .•^extus 
 Aelius tvere elected, the s. of both icos 
 Foetus, creati P. et Sex. Aelli, Paetis fujt 
 ambobus cogn., Liv. }2, 2. 2. cogno- 
 mentum (rare) Cnaeus lycntulus, ivhose 
 s. was ( ■l<Klianus, Cn. Lentulus, cui cogn. 
 Clcliano lull. Sail, fragm. in Gell. 18, 4. 
 II. .4 name or title given in additi^m 
 to the family name : 1. cognomen, n . : 
 Aristides received the s. of the Just, 
 A. cognomine Justus est appellatus, Nep. 
 Arist. I • to jeceive a s. from some cir- 
 cumstance, ex aliquo c. trahere, Cic. Phil. 
 }, 6, 16. 2, cognomentum (rare) : 
 flerachtus, wlio is known by the s. of 
 the (tbscure, H., cogriomento qui <tko- 
 Tcifo! perhibetur, Cic. Kin. 2, 5, 15. 
 (Agnomen, the t. t. for this kind of sur- 
 name, has no classical authority : it was 
 read in Cic. de Inv. 2, 9, 28 ; but is now 
 omitted in the best editions.) 
 
 surpass : I. ''o «=«^' • ^""n*^" = 
 
 siipfiro . exstipgro : alicul excello : v. 
 EXCEL. II. 7b exceed, go beyond : 1. 
 excedo, cessi, a^ssum, j : withfool-hnrdi- 
 ness s.-ing human beliif, U'ineriiate 
 humanam'fid'-m cxcedente. Veil. 2, 51. 
 2. transgrfdior, gressus, j : s.ing 
 MarcMus (in the nunther of his battUs). 
 M. Marcellum transgressus, I'lin. 7, 25, 
 25, i 92. 3. exsiil*ro. I : he s.s the 
 Taiquirts in pride, Parquinios exs. su- 
 perbia, Liv. j. 11. 4. praesto, stiti, 
 stitum and statum, i : they s. the rest of 
 tite world in valour, eaeU'ros mortales 
 vlrtute p., Liv. 5, j6. Phr.: to surpass 
 btiief, supra esse quam culquam cre- 
 diblie est. Sail. Cat. ; : s.ing one's poners. 
 ultra vires, Virg. Aen. 6, 114: to dress 
 in a mannei- s.ing one's means, vestiri 
 supra vires, Hor Ep. I, 18, 22 : its diffi- 
 culty S.S belief, asperius est opinione. 
 Sail. J. 85, i'nit.: it s.s imagination. 
 
 * majus est quam quis oogitatiuue tom- 
 prehendat, coinplectatur. 
 
 surplice . p^rh.. venile lintea reli- 
 giosaque: cf. Suet. Olh. 12 *palla&lba. 
 
 surplus : 1. rtliquum, i, n. : the t 
 of iihich (sum), ex qua (pecunla) qaod 
 reliquum erat, Cic Fam. 5, 20. 2. re- 
 siduum, 1, n. : the s. of a Sum of money. 
 pecuniae r., id. Clu. 54, 94. Phr.: from 
 a sleruler income such as mine there vill 
 even be some «., ex meo t<-nui vectigali 
 aliquid etiam redundablt, id. Parad.6, {■ 
 there was a s. from the revenues to Ite 
 paid into the treasury, ex vecligalibub 
 supererat pecunla, quae In aerarlo po- 
 neretur, Nep. Hann. 7 : to have a 1., 
 abundare, Cic. AtL 15, 15. 
 
 surprise (subs.) : |, TTu feeling 
 of surj/rise : 1. miratio, 6nis, /. ; tii 
 cause s., mirationem facere, Cic. Olv. i. 
 22 49. 2. admiratlri, onis,/ : to excite 
 s. in any one, allcui adm. movere, id 
 Phil. 10, 2, J. Vhr.: overwhelmed wiiht^ 
 obstupefactus, id. Deiul. 12, {4: it caused 
 less s. that they should venture to do it, 
 minus id eos audere miraculo fuit, Liv. 
 25, 8 : to the s. of all he says, cunctts 
 improvlsus alt, Virg. Aen. I, 595 : to 
 fed s., mirari, admirari : v. wo.vdeb. 
 
 II, An unexpected event: Phr.: 
 nothing can be a s. to a vise man, nihil 
 improvisum, nihil inopiiiatum sapient! 
 accidere potest, Cic. I'usc 4, 15, )7 
 
 III. A sud/ien attack: 1. subita 
 incursio, Hiit. B. G. 8, 11. 2. repens 
 adventus hostium. Cic. Tusc. }, 22, 52. 
 Phr.; to take a man by s., excipere all- 
 quem incautum, Virg. Aen. J, }}t: v. 
 
 TO SURPRISE. 
 
 surprise ('••)•■ I. "Po astonish: 
 Phr.- the consul was s.d that they 'lid 
 not begin the battle, consulem admiratio 
 Incessit quod non piignam inirent, Liv. 
 7, J4; this S.S me, hoc niihl admira- 
 tionera movet, Cic. F'hil. 10, 2, ? : to «. 
 a person, alicui inferre adniirationem, 
 Plin. 7, 12, 10, $ 56: I am s.d at your 
 standing here, mira videntur te hie 
 stare, PI. Men. 2, 13, 15: J shall be s.d 
 if he is not at home, mirum ni domi est, 
 i'er. And. }, 4, 19 : to be s.d, mirari, ad- 
 mirari : V. TO WONDEE, ASrONISH. ||, 
 To attack suddenly : 1, occupo, 1 : 
 Pbaedr. 5, 8, 5. 2. incidere in aliquem 
 incautum et imparatum: Caes. B. G. 6, 
 JO. 3. opprimo, essi, essum, j : to s. a 
 man when off his guard, Imprudeutem 
 o., Ter. And. I, J, 22 ■ incautum o., Liv. 
 26, 12 : they s.d the ilesapii, M. inscios 
 Inopinantesque o.. Caes. B. G. .^. 4 : 
 Trebonius was s.d by the enemy, 1 . op- 
 pressus est ab hoste incautiis, Cic. Phil. 
 II, 2, 5. 4. adorlor, onus, 4 : he s.d 
 the praetor on' the march, praetorem ex 
 improviso in itinere adortus est, Tac A. 
 4, 4?. Phr.: tos. a fort, arcem Impro 
 viso capere, Liv. ?, 2 j : tos. an aiemy, 
 ex necopinato hostem invadere, Liv. 
 4, 27. 
 
 surprising (oij) ■• minis, mirabllis : 
 V. woNDKBKiL. 1' h r. • to iiwA: s. cures, 
 mirabiliter raederi morbls, Plin. 27, 6, J8, 
 
 surprisingly : 1. mimm in mfr- 
 dum : men's minds wre s. changed, 
 mirum in modum conversae sunt homi- 
 niun menU'S, Caes. B. G. i, 41. 2. ml- 
 
 randuni in mi>diim : cf. Cic. Att. O. 7. 
 3. mirabiliter . the feelings of the 
 commi'n people wtre s. changed, m. vulgi 
 mutata est voluiit;u5. Id. Fam. I J, 16. 
 Phr.: leaves s. curly, folia usque In 
 admlrationem crispa, Liv. 7, J4 : v. 
 
 WONDEKFULLV. 
 
 surrender {subs.) : |, in military 
 sense : 1, deditio. onis, /. : to T'f<7o- 
 tiate a s., de d. agere, Caes. B. C. ?. 28 : 
 a s. to anyone, d. ad aliquem. Liv. 28, 
 22 : to receive a state on f., civiuilom in 
 dedltionem accipere, ib. to make a ge- 
 nuine s.. venmi d. faa're. Sail. J. 46. 
 2 truditio, onis,/. : the s. of a town, 
 urbis't., Liv. J2, I4- II. Generally, 
 a giving up : 1. trftditio,/. ; the s. of 
 propertu, rel t.. Cic, Top. 5, fin. 2. 
 cessio, onis,/. (legal t. t.): a legal s., in 
 jure cessio. ib. : to make i. of a thing, 
 
 v. TO SURBKND^B. 
 
 82 <
 
 SURRENDER 
 
 SUSCEPTIBLE 
 
 SUSPICI OTf 
 
 surrender (''.) . |. Trans.: To 
 give up: 1. cedo, cessi, cessum, j : 
 to s. o^ngdom to any one, alicui regnum 
 c, Just. lo, 2 : Liv. 45, jg. 2. con- 
 cedo, ? : Sicily was s.'d from a previa- 
 ture despair, S. nimis celeri desperatione 
 rerum concessa est, Liv. 21, i. 3. 
 prodo, dldi, ditwm, j : to s. a standard 
 to the enemy, pr. aquilani hostibus, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 25. 4. trado (transdo), 
 didi, ditum, j : to s. a city, urbem tr., 
 Liv. (4, 29 : they s.'d ttiemselves to the 
 enemy, se hostibus transdiderunt. Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 77 : to negotiate Vie terms on 
 which to s. the city, de conditionibus 
 urbis tradendae agere cum aliquo, Liv. 
 J7, 1 2. 5. dedo, didi, dltuin, j : to 
 J. the promoters of the uar (milit. t. t.), 
 auctores belli d., Liv. 9, i : hence gene- 
 rally, to s. a m,an to the weapons of the 
 soldiery, aliquem telis militum dedere, 
 Cic. Mil. 1,2: Is. the maids, ancillas d., 
 Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 7. Phr. ; to s. anyone 
 to the enemy, facere dedltionem alicujus 
 
 hosti, Liv. it, 18: V. YIELD, GIVE UP. 
 
 II, Intrans.: To capitulate : &rmsi 
 per pactionem tradere, Liv. 9, 11 : se 
 dedere, Caes. B. 0. 2, 22 : tradere se per 
 conditiones, cf. Sail. J. 61, Jin. : to s. at 
 discretion, in deditionem venire, Caes. 
 B. G. b, }i to be forced to s., necessariam 
 deditionem subire, id. B.C. i, 81: to s. 
 to the Carthaginians, facere deditionem 
 ad Poenos, Liv. 24, l : to s. uncondi- 
 tionally, sine ulla pactione sesp in ali- 
 cujus fidem tradere. Sail. J. 62 : also, 
 facere imperata, ib. (v. Merivale, ad 
 loc.) ; one who has s.'d, dediticius, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 27. 
 
 surreptitious: I. Secret: elan- 
 destinus: furtivus: v.stealthv, secret. 
 II. Fraudulent: v. fraudulent, dis- 
 honest. 
 
 surreptitiously ; furUve : furtlm : 
 furto : clam : fraude : d5lo : v. secretly, 
 
 STEALTHILY, FKACDULENTLT. 
 
 surround : I. I'o be round : 1, 
 cingo, nxi, nctum, j : the mountains 
 which s. Thcssaly,XQonVe?,(\\n Thessaliam 
 c, Caes. B. G. ), ?6: the harbour is s.'d 
 by the city, portus urbe cingitur et con- 
 cluditur, Clc. Verr. ;, 57, 96. 2. cir- 
 cumsto, steti, I : when such terrors s.'d 
 them on all sides, quum tanti undique 
 terrores circumstarent, Liv. 6, 2. 3. 
 conclude, si, sum, j : a sea s.'d with 
 land, mare [conclusum, Caes. B. G. j, 9. 
 
 4. stipo, I : s.'d by hosts of friends, 
 stipatus gregibus amicorum, Cic. Att. 1, 
 18. II. To surround with, put round : 
 
 1. circumdo, dgdi, datum, i : / s.'d 
 the town with a trench, fossa oppidum 
 circumdedi, Cic. Fam. 15, 4; to s. the 
 assembly with armed men, armatos con- 
 tioni circd., Liv. 14, 27. 2. cingo, j : 
 to be s.'d by the arms of the enemy, clngi 
 ab armis bosiium, Ov. Pont. 2, 8, 69. 
 
 3. circumcludo, si, sum, } : they s. 
 the horns with a silver rim, comua ab 
 labris argento c, Caes. B. G. 6, 28. 4. 
 circumsepio, septus, 4 : to s. a laJte with 
 buildings, stagnum aediQciis c, Suet. 
 Ner. }i. 5. scpio, psi, ptum, 4 : to s. 
 a wood with nets, .saltum plagis s., Lucr. 
 $,1251. 6. circumfuudo. fudi, fusum, 
 } : I saw Goto sitting s.'d by many titoic 
 treatises, M. Catonem sedentem vidi 
 multis circumfusum Stoicorum libris, 
 Cic. Fin. j, 2, 7 : to s. with cohorts, 
 clrcumf. cohortes, Tac. A. 12, j8. 7. 
 circumvgnlo, veni, ventum, 4 : a plain 
 s.'d.by somewhat higher ground, planities 
 locis paullo superioribus circumveiita. 
 Sail. J. 71. 8. circumvallo, i : to s. 
 a place tvith tvx> furrows, locum duobus 
 sulcis c. Col. II, J, 4. Ill, Military 
 1. 1. : 1. to invest : circumsedeo : cingo : 
 circumvallo: v. invest, besiege. 2. 
 to out-flank : to s. men, aliquos cir- 
 cumvenire, Tac. Agr. J7 : to 6« s.'d by 
 the enemy, circumiri ab hostibus, Nep. 
 Dat 7. 
 
 surrounding (adj.) .- 1. circum- 
 
 Jectus : the s. tribes, c. nationes, Tac. A. 
 6, }i. 2. expr. by perlph.: qui circa 
 est ■ ttie s. mountains, montes qui circa 
 •ant, Liv. i, 4. Phr. : the feelings of 
 vuxny s. states, multarum circa civltatum 
 824 
 
 animi, id. I, 17 : com having been col- 
 lected from all the s. country, frumento 
 undique ex agris convecto, id. 42, 56. 
 
 surrounding (subs.) .- l. circum- 
 
 jectus, us, 111.: Plin. 11, 51, 112, } 270. 
 
 2. e.xpr. by verb in infinit. : v. to 
 
 SUBROUND. A man's s.s, * res in quibus 
 
 versatur aliquis : v. circumstance. 
 
 SUrtput: 1. paenula: Cic. Mil. 2o, 
 54 : with his s. on, paenulatus, ib. 
 
 2. amiculum (rarer) : Nep. Dat. } : 
 
 V. GREAT-COAT. 
 
 survey (s"te.) .- \, Act of looking 
 or inspecting : 1. inspectio, oiiis, /. : 
 tlie land on the first s. does not show its 
 defects, ager prima i. vitia non osten- 
 dit, Col. I, 4, I. 2. contemplatio, onis, 
 /. : the power of infinity is most worthy 
 of a diligent s., vis infinitatis diligenti 
 c. dignissima est, Cir. N. D. i, 19, ;o. 
 
 3. observatio, onis, /. : a s. of the 
 stars, obs. siderum, id. Div. i, i, 2 ; v. 
 INSPECTION, VIEW. ||, A measuring 
 of land : mensiira : to take as.,m. agere, 
 Plin. Ep. 10, 29, fin. : m. inire, Col. 5, j. 
 
 survey ("•) • I. ^^ view, contem- 
 plate : contemplor, i : inspicio : oculis 
 perlustrare, Liv. 25, 9 : observe, I : con- 
 sidero, i : ». view, contemplate. ||. 
 To measure land : metior, mensus, 4 •- 
 meto, I : permetior, mensus. 4 : men- 
 siiram agere, inire .- v. a survey. 
 
 surveying (subs."): \, a looking 
 at: V. SURVEY, ||. The art of mea- 
 suring land: expr. by *ars finitoruni : 
 mensurarum ratio. 
 
 surveyor ; 1. f initor, oris, m. : 
 
 Cic. Agr, 2, 1 J, 14. 2. mensor, oris, 
 
 m. : the s. marked out the ground, 
 
 humum signavit mensor, Ov. M. i, i}6. 
 
 3. agrimensor, oris, m. : Amm. 19, 11. 
 
 4. decempedator, oris, m. : a s. of 
 public land, agri publici d., Cic. Phil, u, 
 '8, i"). 5. metator, oris, to..- id. Phil. 
 14. 4. i°- 
 
 survive : 1. supersum, fui, esse : 
 he s.d his father, superluit patri, Liv. i, 
 J4: while those who had seen it were 
 still s.ing, quum superessent adhuc qui 
 spectaverant. Suet. Claud. 21. 2. su- 
 pero, I : whichever of the two may s., 
 uter eorum vita superarit, Caes. B. C. 6, 
 18 : does Ascanius s. ? superatne Asca- 
 nius.' Virg. Aen. i, J39. 3. siiperstes 
 sum : their own sons s.d them, sui sibi 
 liberi superstites erant, Cic. N. I). 2, 28, 
 72. 4. supervivo, xi, j : he s.'d his 
 oirn reputation thirty years, gloriae suae 
 triginta annis s., Plin. Ep. 2, I. 5. 'H 
 vita nianeo: Cic. Fam. 4, i}. Phr.:, 
 if I s., si vita suppetet, Cic. Fin. i, 4, 
 II : I pray the gods your uiife may s. 
 you, deos ore ut vitae tuae snperste.s 
 suppetat uxor, PI. Trin. i, 2, 19. 
 
 surviving ; qui superest : qui sup- 
 erat: superstes: v. to survive. 
 
 survivor: superstes, stitis, m. and 
 /. : Aeneas, the s. of his country, Aeneas 
 patriae s., Hor.Carm. S. 42 : my s., nieae 
 vitae s., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, }, i. 
 
 survivorship: * status ejus qui al- 
 teri superest. 
 
 susceptibility : 1. moilitia, /., 
 
 and niulllties, ei, f. : such is my s. that 
 I could never have resisted their tears 
 and prayers, qua moilitia sum animi 
 nunquam illius lacrimis et precibus re- 
 stiiissem, Cic. Bull. 6, 18. Join: agi- 
 litas and moilitia : s. of disposition, 
 agilitas, ut ita dicam, moUitiaque na- 
 turae, id. Att. I, 17. 2. facilitas, 
 tatis, /. : the s. of boyhood, aetatis 
 (puerilis), f.. Quint, i, 12, 11. Phr.: 
 he has no s. whatever, *sensu plane 
 caret : a blunted s., hebes ingenium, Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 6, 17. 
 
 susceptible : 1. mobllis, e : while 
 his age is s. of training, dum mobilis 
 aetas est, Virg. G. j, 16;. 2. facilis, 
 e : s. mind of youth, faciles animi ju- 
 venum, ib. Phr.: a s. heart, * animus 
 ad misericordiam pronus, promptus : 
 (the tree) is s. of that disease, (arbor) 
 obnoxia ei morbo est, Plin. 17, 24, 37, 
 ^ 221 : every body is s. of change, omne 
 corpus rautabile est, Cic. N. D. j, 12, }o: 
 the nature of the gods is not s. of any 
 sorrow natura divom privata dolore 
 
 omni est, Lucr. 2, 649 : nor is s. of anger, 
 nee tangitur ira, ib. 650 : the plan is still 
 s. of improvement, *ita se ratio habet ut 
 raelior fieri possit. 
 
 suspect.: 1. susplcor, atus, i : 
 s.ing no evil, nihil mail suspicans, Cic. 
 Cluent. 9, 27 : i s.'d my maid servants, 
 ancillas meas suspicabar, PI. As. 5, 2, i8 
 (this use with personal object is rare). 
 2. susplcio, spexi, ctum, i : Sail. J. 
 70 : those who were s.'d of capital crimes. 
 suspecti capitiilium criminum, Tac. A. 
 J, 60. 3. suspecto, I : s.ing Agrippina 
 more and more vehemently, Agrippinain 
 magis magisque s., ib. 1 2, 65. 4. suspi- 
 cionem habeo; Cic. Att. 8, 11. 5. 
 suspectum habeo ; to s. a man falsely, 
 habere aliquem falso s., PI. Bac. j, 6, 4}. 
 Phr.: to became s.'d by any one, in 
 suspicionem venire alicui, Cic. Flacc jj, 
 81 : to cause a man to s., dare alicui 
 suspicionem, id. Fam. }, 12: 1 cause 
 some to s. that I loish to sail, moveo 
 suspicionem iionnuUis me velle navigare, 
 ib. 2, 16 : to be s.'d, suspicionem habere, 
 Nep. Epam. 5, 9. ||. To surmise : 
 suspicor: v. surmise, conjecture. 
 
 suspend ; I. 'Jo hang up : suspendo, 
 di, sum, }: to s. images on a lofty pine, 
 oscilla ex alta pinu s., Virg. G. 2, J89. 
 To be s.'d : \, pendeo, p6pendi, 2 : to 
 be s.'d on the galloivs, p. ex arbore, Cic. 
 Verr. j, 27, 66: the earih was s.'d in 
 mid air, circumfuso pendebat in aere 
 tellus, Ov. Met. i, 12. 2, depende<^ 
 di, 2 : lamps are s.'d from golden ceil- 
 ings, d. lychni laquearibus aureis, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 726: they found him s.'d by a 
 halter, laqueo dt-pendentem invenere, 
 Liv. 42. 28, fin. : v. hang. ||. To 
 interrupt and defer : intermitto : dif- 
 fero : suspendo : v. defer. Phr.: to s. 
 hostilities, indutias facere, Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 
 20: indutias inire, Plin. Pan. 11: in- 
 dutias agitare. Sail. J. 29 : to s. one's 
 judgment, * nihil pro rato habere: in- 
 certusessesententiae,Liv.4, 57 : incertus 
 esse animi, Tac. A. 6, 46 : / s. my judgment 
 al)out a thing, mihi baud liquet de aliqua 
 re, I'L Trin. 2, i, 7 : judgment is still s.'d, 
 adhuc sub jndice lis est, Hor. A. P. 78 . 
 to s. a lau\ * legem in tempus abrogate : 
 they s.'d proceedings, rem suspenderunt, 
 Liv. J9, 28 : to s payment (t. t. for be- 
 coming bankrupt), contnrbo, decSquo, 
 deficio: boiiam copiam cjurare (to de- 
 clare oneself insolvent), Cic. Fam. 9, 16 : 
 V. BANKRUPT. |||. To remove fr'mi an 
 office : 1. mSveo, movi, motus, 2 : to 
 s. a min from, his rank as senator, 
 senatorio loco aliquem m., Liv. jg, 42. 
 2, submOveo, 2 : to s. a man from 
 a state office, aliquem s. administratione 
 reipublicae. Suet. Caes. 16. 3. de- 
 moveo, 2 : he s.s Pallas from his public 
 office, Pallantem cura rerum d., Tac. A. 
 tJ. 14' 4. abrogare alicui magistra- 
 tum : Cic. Verr. 2, 57, 140. 5. abrSgo, 
 I : o laiv for s.ing Lentulus from, his 
 office, lex de abrogando Leutnli imperio, 
 id. Q. Fr. 2, }. 
 
 suspense : 1. dubltatio, onis,/. ; 
 Cic. ; Caes. : Tac. 2. solliclta expec- 
 tatio : Cic. Tusc. 5, 18, 52. 3. ob- 
 scura spes: id. Agr. 2, 25, 66. Phr.: 
 to keep a man in s., suspensum aliquem 
 tenere, id. Att. 10, i : tobein s., pendere, 
 id. Agr. 2, 25, 66: animi pendere, PI. 
 Merc. I, 2, 18: we passed a night of 
 s. and doubt, suspensam dubiamque 
 noctem spe ac metu exegimus, Plin. Ep. 
 6, 20: the mind is in s., in dubio est 
 animus, Ter. And. i, 5, ji : animus 
 f)endet, id. Ad. 2, 2, 18 : noi- let me waver 
 in s., neu fluitem spe pendulus, Hor. Ep. 
 I, 18, 10. 
 
 suspension: Phr.: a s. of ftottt- 
 lities, indutiae, arum,/. : a day for a t. 
 of hostilities had been asked for by tht 
 enemy, dies indutiis erat ab bostibna 
 pettlus, Caes. B. G. 4, 12: during a s. 
 of hostilities, per indutias, Liv. }o, J7 
 V. stoppage, interruption. 
 
 suspension -bridge: perh. •pons 
 
 pendulus: 'pons catenis ferreis sna* 
 pensus. 
 
 suspicion : suspTcio, onis,/. : passim: 
 in all three senses of the English word
 
 SUSPICIOUS 
 
 SWARM 
 
 SWEAT 
 
 I. Mistrust : P h r. : to/all uvdef s., 
 in suspicioneni cadere, Cic. I'hil. ii. lo. 
 24 t)) excite Die s.s of the siiUliers, siispi 
 i-ioneo militmn irritare, Tac. H. j, 4 to 
 free a man from s., aliqueni susplcioiie 
 pxsolvere, Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 26 • to excite s. 
 in anil one, injicere 8. alicui, Nep. Kuiti. 
 4 ; tlwAr s. being roused by the neighiny 
 of horses, ex fremitu eqiioram illata s., 
 Caes. B. C. ?, }8 : to free oneself from s., 
 8. levare atqiie a se removere, Cic. Verr. 
 }, 59, I }6 . ab se s. propulsare, ib. to, 
 140 : ulien matters of the greatest cer- 
 tainti/fall uiuler sucli s.s as these, quum 
 ad has susplciones certissimae res acce- 
 derenl, Caes. B. G. i, 19 . the s. atUickes 
 to one, ad aliqiicm pertlnet s., Cic. Rose. 
 Am. 2?, 64: to be laid under Uie s. of 
 unchastity, in suspicione stiipri poni, 
 PI. Am. I, 2, 27 : 1(1 clear up s.s, dlluere 
 suspiciones, Cic. liiv. 1, ih, 22. ||. A 
 flight notion: Phr. : amimgst those 
 (nations) there is no s. of the existence 
 of gods, apud eas (gcntesi nulla suspicio 
 deorum est, Cic. N. I), i, 2}, 62 : v. idea, 
 NOTION. Ill, A slight appearance: 
 Phr.: a s. of a chinL; suspicio rimae, 
 Mart. II, 4; (rare iii this sense). 
 suspicious : I. Apt to suspect : 
 1. suspiciosus : did amscience make 
 you timid and s. f an te conscienlla 
 timidum et s. faciebat ? Cic. Verr. 5, 29, 
 74 : to be s. of a man, s. esse in aliquem, 
 id. Q. Fr. i, i, 4. 2. suspicax, cacis 
 (rare): Liv. 10, 14: Tac. A. i, ij. 3. 
 perh. *ad suspicandum pronus: » suspi- 
 cions plenus. II. Causing suspicion : 
 
 1. suspiciosus : things that were s. 
 before they made clear, quae ante erant 
 s., haec aperta faciebant, Cic. Clu. 19. 54 : 
 to be a s. person, s. esse, Oato in Gell. 9, 
 1 1 : a most s. business, negotium suspi- 
 ciosissimum, Cic. Fl. }, 7. 2. suspicax, 
 cacis: as. silence, s. silentium, Tac. A. 
 J, II : Sen. Ira 2, 29. 
 
 suspiciously: I. ^-''t" one vho 
 
 suspects : P h r. : to look s. at any one, 
 ' aliquem cum suspicione intueri : to 
 «p«afc s., *more susplcantisdicere. ||. 
 Jn a way to excite suspicion : suspiciose, 
 -ius: Cic. Rose. Am. 20, 55. 
 
 suspiciousness : *m6res susplclosi • 
 V. suspicions. 
 
 suspire: spiro: resplro: v. breathe, 
 
 RKSPIRE. 
 
 sustain : I. f" bear, uphold : 
 
 1. sustTneo, tinui, tenium, 2 : the air 
 t.s the flight of birds, aer s. volalus ali- 
 tum, Cic. N. I). 2, }9, lof . 2. sustento, 
 I : Aleanor s^ his falling brotlier, Al. 
 fratrem ruentem s., Virg. Aen. 10. j}9. 
 3. sublevo, I . tiees s. their wearied 
 king on their sliouldirs, apes fe.ssum 
 regeni hunieris a., Plin. 11, 17, 17, ^ 54: 
 V. SUPPORT, PROP UP. Phr.: tempUs 
 s.'d by vast columns, templa vastis inni.xa 
 columnis. Ov. Pont }, 2, 49. ||. 7V^ 
 support, maintain: 1, suslineo, 2: 
 ice are nourished and s.'d bi/ com, alimur 
 et s. re fnimentaria, C'ii Verr. j, 5, 11. 
 
 2. sustento, i : Liv. 2, J4 : Cic. : 
 Tac 3. tOliSro, i (uilh the notion of 
 tloing so barely) : to just s. life by agri- 
 culture, t vitara exercendo agros, Tac. A. 
 ". 7- 4. S'o, &lui, alitum, j : v. 
 MAINTAIN, NOURISH. |||, To bear, bear 
 up against 1, austiiieo, 2 : to s. la- 
 biiurs, labores s., Cic. Rep. i, }. 2. 
 fero, tail, latum, j. .Join: ferre et 
 sustmere, Id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16. 3. sus- 
 tento, i: to s. the extremity of famine, 
 extreniam famem a., Caes. B. G. 7, 17: 
 the defence uas with difficulty s.'d, 
 aegre sustentatum est, ib. 2. 6. Phr.: 
 we hare s.'d a severe defeat, pugna ma^na 
 victi sumua, Liv. 22. 7 : lo s. a loss, 
 tacere damnum, PI. Capt. 2, 2, 77 • ferre 
 damna.Ov. Her. I?, 64: Jacturam facere, 
 Cic Fin. I, 74, 79 jacturam pali. Col. 
 praef. I, i : v supi-kr. |V. To sus- 
 tain a character or part : to s. the 
 principal character (in a play), primas 
 partes agere, Ter. Ph. prol. 27 : discere 
 partes (of an actor), id. Heaut. prol. 10. 
 Fig. I to s. the part of friend, amicum 
 agere, Tac. H. I, }o . to .«. the part 
 of an emperor, principem gerere, Plin. 
 Pan. 44. 
 
 sustenance : victus, (is, m. : Cic. : 
 
 Hor. V NOUKISHMEKT, SUPPORT. 
 
 sutler: Hxa, ae, m. ; SalLJ. 44: IJv. 
 
 suture : sntura, med. t. t^ f. : t. of 
 the skull, calvariae s., Cels. 8, I ; in gen. 
 sense : Liv. }8, 29. 
 
 swab (.subs.) : peniculus v. sponge, 
 
 BRU.SH. 
 
 swab (i>.) ■• ptifKo, dctergeo, si, sum, 
 
 2 : V. CLKAXSK, SCRUB. 
 
 swaddle : l" su: a Inby, infanlem 
 incunabuli.^ ligare, 1*1 Aniph. ;, i. ?5 
 (others read in cuiiabiilis) ; •fasciisob- 
 volviTe aliqucin. 
 
 swaddling-clothes: 1. inciina- 
 bula. oruni, n. : I'laut. True. 5, i }. 2. 
 fasciae, arum, /. : Ib. Fig.: from his 
 sw. (i. e. childliood) : ab incunabulis, 
 Liv. 4, }6. 
 
 swagger : v. .strut, brag. 
 
 swaggerer : ^- bua.stkr, braggart. 
 
 swain : I. ^ rustic ; cOlonus ; 
 
 riiricOla : ru8tlcus: v. rustic. ||, A 
 lover: amiitor : v. lover. 
 
 swallow (s*^'-^ •■ I- ^ bird: hl- 
 ruiHlo. iiiis, /. : Virg. : Hor. Phr.: a 
 s.'s nest, nidus hirundininus, PI. Rud. j, 
 
 1, 6: the coming of the s.s, adventus 
 hirundlneus, Sid. Kp. 2, 14. ||, The 
 throat: gula: gurgtilio, onis, m. ; v. 
 
 THKOAT, GULLET. 
 
 swallow (".)•■ I. Lit.: 1. 
 glutio, ivi or ii, itum, 4: Juv. 4, 29. 
 
 2. haurio, hausi, haustiim, 4 : to «. 
 whole, cibos integros h.. Col. 8, 17, 11. 
 
 3. -soibfo, ul, 2 . to s. a raw egg, 
 cniduni ovum s., Plin. 29, j. 11, } 42. 
 
 4. devOro, i . ib. : ichat is s.'d, id 
 quod divoratur, Cic. N. I). I, 54. u;. 
 
 5. absorbeo, ui, 2 (to .«. greedily) : 
 to s. up tite cakes, a. placentas, Hor. S. 
 
 2, 8, 24. 6. vOro, 1 : some animals 
 s. diiuti, others masticate their food, 
 (animalium) alia vorant alia mandunl, 
 Cic. N IJ 2, 47, 122. II. Fig.: to s. 
 up, devour : 1, absorbeo, 2 ; the Ocean 
 seems scarcely able to liave s.'d up so 
 much wealth, Oceanus vix videlur tot 
 res abs. potuisse, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 67. 
 
 2. devoro, I : let (.'harybdis s. me 
 up, me Cbarybdis d., Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 74 : 
 the voice is s.'d up and lost, vox de- 
 voratur, PUn. it, 51, 112, J 270. 3. 
 sorbeo, ui, 2 : Virg. Aen. }, 421. 4. 
 haurio, 4 : you have s.'d up all your pa- 
 trimony by your extravagance, hausisii 
 patrias luxuriosus opes. Mart. 9, 8}, 4: 
 
 V. ENGULPH, EXHAUST. |||. To put 
 
 up with : sorbeo : exsorbeo : devSro : 
 a: Cic. Q. Fr. J, 9 : id. Brut. 67, 2}6 : v. 
 
 KKAR, ENDURE. 
 
 swallow-wort : asclepias, adis, /. : 
 Plin. 27, 5, 18, $ } 5. 
 
 swamp (subs.) ; 1. paius. udis,/. : 
 to drain a s., p. siccare. Cic. Ph. 5, J, 7. 
 2. uligo, inis,/. : Virg. G. 2, 184. 
 
 swamp ("•) •■ I. 'f'> cause to sink: 
 
 1. merge, si, sum, ? : to s. a part of 
 the fleet, partem classis m.. Veil. 2, 42. 
 
 2. deprimo, essi, essum, }: to s. a 
 ship, no vein d., Caes. B.C. 2, 7. 3. 
 demergo, si, 5 : Virg. Aen. 9, 1 19. 4. 
 opprimo, essi, essum, i : to s. a fleet, 
 classem o., Cic. Manil. 12, }}: v. sink. 
 
 II. To outnumber : Phr.: to s. the 
 tribes by the votes of his oivn partisans, 
 * tribus suffragiis suorura opprimere, 
 superare: v. oct-numbk.r. 
 
 swampy ; 1. piiodssus : Ov. 
 
 2. uliginosus: Varr. : Plin. 
 
 swan : 1. cygnus, m. ; Cic. Tusc 
 I, }o, 7!. 2, <51or, oris, »i. : Ov. H. 
 7, I : glistetiiiig white s.s., purpurel 0., 
 Hor. 6d. 4, I, 10. Phr.: s.'« dou-n, 
 plumae cygneae, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, i : .<."« song 
 {last dying speech), vox cygnea. Cic. Or. 
 }, 2, 6 : s.-coloured, colons olorini, Plin. 
 J7, 10, 59, ^ 16} (others read orobini). 
 
 sward : 1. caespes, Itis, ni. : Virg. : 
 Ov. : Hor. : (vivus c, Tac H. 4, $ ;, an 
 altar made of the green s.) : a green s_., 
 c. gramineus, Ov. Tr. 5, 5, 9. 2. gra- 
 men. Inis, n. : flowery t., floreuni g., 
 Mart. 9,91, 1. VhT.: a seat on the green 
 s., gramineum sedile, Virg. Aen. 8, 176. 
 
 swarm (s^ubs.): 1. examen, inis, 
 
 n. : .«. of bees ; Virg. G. 2, 45J : Cic : Juv. 
 
 2. pullities, ej,/. : Col. 9, II. 3. 
 
 *. of people : vis : turba : r. cbowd^ 
 
 THRONG. 
 
 swarm (».).• A. Intrans.: |. 
 Of bees : 1. exanilno, i . tiie hives »., 
 ex. alvl, CoL 9, 14, 5. 2. fC'tus Sducere : 
 Virg. G. 4, i6j. II. /v- come together 
 in crowds : glomerari : sUpare aliquem 
 (to s. round any one) : concurrere : v. 
 TO THRO.SG. B. Trans.: to climb : 
 to s. a irall, murum bcandere, conscen- 
 dere : v. climb. 
 
 swarthy : 1. fuscus : s. comrade* 
 whom India embrowns, ojmites f. quos 
 India torrel, Tib. 2. j, 5;. 2. colOratus: 
 tlu s. Indians, c. Indi, Virg. G. 4, 291. 
 
 3. subniger, gra, grum : s. colour of 
 the skin, s. color cults, Cels. ?, 28, ^ 
 
 4. adustus (from the $.n): the 
 Moor with s. body, udustus corpora llau- 
 rus, Sil. 8, 267 : Liv. 27, 47 : v. dakk. 
 
 swath : strlga: Col. 2, 18, 2. 
 swathe (*"«"'■): fascia: Cic: Ov. ; 
 llgamentum : ligameu : v. bandage. 
 swathe (w) : llgare : colUgare 
 I fasciis coUigare : v. to bandage. 
 
 SW&y (subs.) : I KuU: dltlo, Onis, 
 
 If.: imperium: v. rulk, dominion. If. 
 
 .Motion to and fro: vacillatio, onis,/.; 
 
 j v. ROCKING. 
 
 I sway (v.) : I. To rule , rggo, xl. 
 I ctuni, i : dirigo, rexi, rectum, } : y. 
 I RULE, GOVERN. ||, 7b moce to and 
 
 j fro : V. SWTNG. 
 
 I swear: A. Intrans.: |. 7b 
 j take an oath : 1. juro, i : if he svoort 
 1 \i-ith his hand on the altar, jio one would 
 believe, si aram tenens juraret, nemo cre- 
 deret, Cic FL 36, 90: to s. that one will 
 do something, J. se aliquld factunim esse, 
 Caes. B. C. }, 1} : to s. by the stars, j. gi- 
 dera, Virg. Aen. 12, 197 : los. by any one, 
 per alifjUem j., Cic. Acad. 4, 20, 6? to*, 
 to having a sickness, J. inorbuni. id. Att. 
 I, I : to s. an oath, jusjuruuduiu j.. id. 
 Fam. 5, 2. 2. juror, dep., i (rare): 
 have you not sworn to me t non tu 
 I juratus niihl es .' PI. Rud. 5, 2, 16. 3. 
 dare jusjQrandum PI. Most. J, I, j6. 
 4. jusjurandum accipere. Caes. 
 B. C. }, 28. 5. adjuro. i : he swort 
 solemnly to me that she uas his own 
 liaughter, earn suara esse tillam sancte 
 adjurabat mihi, PI. Cist. 2, j, 27. 6. 
 I Jurejurando affimiare : Liv. 29, 2}. 
 Pbr. : to «. allegiance to a man, 
 , jurare in nomen alicujus. Suet. Claud. 
 10 : to compel the soldiers to s. alle- 
 giance to the .•senate, adlgere milites sacm- 
 mento in nomen Senatus, Suet. Galb. 16: 
 to s. by a man (ttelieve in him, lit. 
 suear after liis formula), jurare in 
 verba alicujus, Hor. Ep. i, i, 14- to s. 
 that one is not guilty of amithing, 
 1 jurare aliquld, e. g. calumniam, Coel. in 
 I Cic. Fani. 8, 8 ; to s. to observe a law, 
 .jurare in legem, Cic Sest. 16, {7= '" •• 
 \ falsely, iumre falsum, id. Off. j. 29, 108: 
 s. truly, vere jurare, id. Fam. 5,2: to *. 
 to the subject of a suit, Jurare In litem, 
 id. Rose Com. i, 4. ||. To utter 
 
 curses, profane language : 'diras exw- 
 crationes edere : *inipia verba edere : dl- 
 ras deprecatioiies edere, Plin.: v. ccbsk. 
 I B. Trans. ■ tos.at>>tng : v. tup.: 
 
 lo s. a man (put him on his iKith). allcni 
 1 obsecrationem praelre. Suet Claud. J2 : 
 sacramentum praeire, lac H. I, }6: 
 [ alicui deferre jusjurandum, yuint. j. 6, 
 4: aliquem jurejurando nb»irlni;cre, 
 Caes. B. G. i, ji : to s. a man into an 
 office., 'jurejurando accepto aliquem ad- 
 ministralioni praeticere : to t in sol^iiers, 
 milites sacranienio nigare, Liv. 40. 25 • 
 to swear in, adiRere ahquos Jurejurando, 
 Liv. 22, ?8 : .ficiTti to kill him, juratus 
 se eum interemturum, Liv. 12. 22. 
 
 swearing : I. ^ taking an oatX : 
 expr. by periph. with verb. v. sup. to 
 SWEAR. II, .-l using of profane Ian' 
 guage : expr. by periph : v. to swea« 
 (A.. II.). 
 swearer: I- f"^* "'** '<'*« <••* 
 
 oath: is qui jurat: •Jurator, Sris. m.t 
 I Macr. S. ?, 19. ||. ""<" "ho uses pro- 
 fane language: "is qui mala impra- 
 catur : 'qui verba Impia vel dira edit. 
 
 sweat (*"**•) •• I. Lit: sudor, 
 
 oris, m. : there i* no tuch thing at S.
 
 SWE A T 
 
 S WELI, 
 
 SWIM 
 
 except from a ho ' /, non sudor, nisi e 
 corpore e<t. < ic. D.v 2, 2"7, 58- to dr p 
 ivitk s., siidore manare, ib. i, J4, 74: 
 a €ol I s.. 8. frigidus. Ov. M. 5, 6^2 s. 
 gelidus, Virg. Aen. j, 175; the s. pours 
 doivn in streams, sudor flult nndique 
 rivis, ib. 5, zcxs: to catch a chili after 
 being in a s., ex sudore cohorrescere, 
 Cic. de Or. j, 2, 6. 2. hutaor ex cor- 
 pore: Plin. '7, 51, 52, 5 iTi; v, perspi- 
 ration: to he ill a s., sudore niadere, 
 Petr. 6 : sudare. Phr. agarment satu- 
 rated vrith s., ve?;iis sudita, Quint. 11. 
 2, 2J: V. TO SWEAT. II, Fig.: toil: 
 isiidor: labor: v. toil, laeouk. 
 
 SWeitC'-)' A. Intrans. : |. 
 To perspire : \, sudo, i: to s. ivithoid 
 a cause, sine causa s.. Cic. de Or. 2, ? ;, 
 27} : to s. ti-ilh blood, sanguine s., Liv, 
 22, r. 2. sfidorem emittere : of. Plin. 
 7, 18, 18, } 78. 3. manare sudore : 
 Plin. J7, 10, 61, } 171, Phr,: some of 
 the bravest eren sweat (with fear). 
 quibusdam etiara cunstantissimis sudor 
 erumpit. Sen. Ep. 11 the useless mois- 
 ture conies oat by s.ing, exsudat inutilis 
 humor, Virg. G. i, 8;. ||. Me ton. : 
 to h'boiir, toil : 1, sQdo, i : you will 
 have a good sing if you begin imth him,, 
 f ndahis satis si cum illo inceptas, Ter. 
 Ph. 4, J. 2?: {such a horse as this) will 
 s. to the goals, (hie equus) sudabit ad 
 metas, Virg. G. j, 202. 2. *veh6- 
 menter laboro ; *magno cum labore nitor : 
 V. TO la bour, to toil. B. Trans.: 
 
 I. To exude : \, siido, i : to s. 
 honey, balsam, mella, balsama s., Virg. : 
 Tac. 2. exsudo, i : {the tree) s.s out a 
 juice, (arbor) exs. sucum, Plin. 24, 9. ?7, 
 ^57- II. To sii-eat a person : iuAbres 
 alicui facere, excutere, evocare. ciere, 
 movere, Nep. : Plin. : Gels. : to s. a per- 
 son {ivork him hard) : exercere, *sudore 
 vexare aliquera : v. TO work. 
 
 sweep (*"&s.) ; I. One who sweeps : 
 qui verrit: *qui scopis purgat aliqiiid : 
 a chimneys., *qui fuliginem camiiii de- 
 tergit. II. A circuit: 1. circuitus, 
 lis, TO. ." the s. of a hill, coUis circuitus, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 88. 2, flexus, us, m. -. 
 Germany extends northward with a vast 
 s., Germania in septentrlonem ingenti 
 flexu redit, Tac. G. J5. 3. ambitus, 
 iis, m. : the moon revolves with shorter s. 
 than the sun, ambitu breviore currit 
 luna quam sol, Plin. 2, 2j, 21. $ 86. 
 
 Ill, The siveep of a weapon {space 
 commanded by it) ; teli jactus, Virg. Aen. 
 H, 608. 
 sweep i^)' I. ^ brush, scour: 
 
 1, verro, verri, versum, i: to s. the 
 pavement, pavimentum v., Juv. 14, 60 : 
 to S. up the ashes, favillas v., Ov. F. 2, 
 52}. 2. detergeo, si, sum, 2 : to s. 
 out the drains, cloacas d., Liv. 39, 44, 
 
 3, converro, verri, versum, j {to s. 
 up) : Plaut. St. 2, J, 64. 4. eve'To, j 
 (to s. out) : s. out dung from Vesta's 
 temple, e. stercus ex aede Vestae, Varr. 
 Jj. L. 6, 4, 60. II. To pass over quickly : 
 
 1, verro, } : it {the N. icind) JUes 
 s.ing over fields and seas in its career, 
 ille volat simul arva fuga simul aequora 
 reirens, Virg G. j, 201. 2. perlustro, 
 I (urith the eyes) : s.ing the whole scene 
 With his eyes, oculis omnia p., Liv. 25, 
 9. V. sURVKv. 3. percurro, rri, j 
 to I. urith the eye, oculo p., Hor. S. 
 1, 5, 54 : with the mind, animo p., Cic. 
 de Or, I, :o. Ill, 7b hurry alxmg : 
 
 1, verro, J the icinds s. along the 
 clouds, verrunl nubila venti, Lucr. i, 
 280. 2. rapio, rapui, raptum, j : {the 
 terpent) s.s its immense coils al^ng the 
 ground, rapit immensos orbes per hu- 
 mum, Virg. G. 2, i;j. |V. Melon.: 
 Phr.: yov S. off whatever is put on the 
 ' table, quidq.dd ponitur verris, Mart. 2, 
 37, I : swiji death has s. off the illus- 
 trious A., abstulit clarum cita mors 
 Achillem, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 29; the plague 
 t.s off whole herds at a blow, morbi cor- 
 ripiunt tota aestiva (pecudum) repente, 
 ■Virg. G, J 472. 
 
 sweet: {.Lit.: I. dulcis. e 
 
 (prop (. to the caste) : (an aniinal) 
 
 tastes things s. and bitter, (animal) sent- 
 
 It dulcia et amara, Cic. N. D. }, i}, }2 : 
 
 '??6 
 
 s. honey, d niel, PI. As. ;. ;, 24. 2. 
 suavio, e (prop s to the smell) : a s.and 
 
 1 leasant sineU, odor s. et jucundus, Cic. 
 Verr. j. 9, 2 ; s. to the taste, s. opp. to 
 amarum, Lucr. 4, 660 s. to the ear, s. 
 vox, Gell. 19, 9 s.-smeUing, suave olens. 
 Cat. 61. 7. II. Fig,: 1, dulcis: 
 the name of peace is s., nomcn pacis d. 
 est, Cic. Pin I 2, 4, II J s. loi'es, d, am- 
 ores, Hor. Ud. i, 9, 15. 2. suavis. 
 'tis s. from the land to view annther's 
 toil, suave e terra alterius spectiire la- 
 borem, Lucr. 2, I s. friendship, s. anii- 
 citia, id. i, 142. 3. mellitus : my s. 
 sparrow, m. passer. Cat. j, 5 : s. eyes, ni. 
 oculi, id. 47, I : my s. ! mi mellite ! M. 
 Aur. in Front. Ep. ap. Caes. 415. 4. 
 bbiiidiis, jiicundus, gratus: v, pleasant, 
 charming. Ill, Fresh, not corrupted: 
 integer, gra, grum: v. sodnd, fresh. 
 
 sweet-bread : *glandiilae vitulinae: 
 *glandiiim vitiilinum. 
 
 sweeten: j. Lit.: dulcem facere, 
 reddere. ||, Fig.: to muke pleasant : 
 p-riph. with adj.: v. sweet. See also 
 TO alleviate. 
 
 sweetheart : 1. amores, um, m. : 
 clasping h is s. to his bosom, suos amores 
 tenens in gremio, Cat. 4;, i. 2. dell- 
 ciae, arum: (cf. Plaut. Poen. i, 2, 152, 
 mea voluptas, meae deliciae, mea vita, 
 mea amoenitas). 3. animus: Plaut. 
 
 sweetly : 1. dulce : Hor. Od. 1,22, 
 2J. 2. dulciter, Cic. Fin. 2. 6, 18. 3. 
 suavg (poet.) : s. blushing hyacinth, s. 
 rubens hyacinthus, Virg. E. ;, 6?. . 4. 
 suaviter: / see hoiv s. pleasure tickles 
 our senses, video quam s. voluptas sen- 
 sibus nostris blandiatur, Cic. Acad. 2, 45, 
 IJ9: V. pleasantly, delii:htfully. 
 
 sweetness: I. Lit.: 1. dui- 
 
 cedti, inis,/. ; a bitter root with a certain 
 s., radix amara cum quadam d., Plin. 26, 
 6, 30, 5 66. 2. suavltas. tatis, /. : 
 the s. of scents, s. odorum. Cic. de Sen. 
 17. 59- 3, dulcitudo, inis, /. ; the 
 palate, which is affected by s. nmre than 
 the rest of the senses, gustatus qui dulce- 
 dine praeter caeteros sensus conimove- 
 tur, Cic. de Or. J, 25, 9. ||. Meton. : 
 dulcedo; suavitas; suavitudo (rare: PI. 
 Stich. 5, 5, 14): mel (poetica niella, Hor. 
 
 Ep. I, 9, 44) : V. PLEASANTNESS, CHARM. 
 
 S. of disposition, facilitaa et lenitudo 
 aninii, Cic. OfT. i, 25, 88: facilitas et 
 humanilas, id. Fam. ij, 24: v. kind- 
 ness, GOOD TEMPER. 
 
 swell {subs.) : s. of the sea, aestus, 
 iis, TO. : fluctus, us, TO. ; unda : v. wave, 
 
 BILLOW. 
 
 swell («•)•• A. Trans.- |. 
 
 To make to bulge out, enlarge : \, 
 tiimefacio, feci, factum, j : Ov. M. 15, 
 !05. 2. inflo, i; to s. out the cheeks, 
 inflare bucras, Hor. S. I, I, 21 : swollen 
 rivers, Inflati amnes, Liv. 40, JJ : the 
 sail is swollen by the S. wind, inflatur 
 carbasus Austro, Virg. Aen. 3, J57. 
 3. distendo, di, turn, j ■ to s. out 
 the dugs by the cytisus, ubera cytiso d., 
 id. E. 9, ji : to s. with fatness, (equum) 
 pingui d., id. G. j, 124. 4. augeo, 
 auxi, auctum, 2 : to s. the treasury, a. 
 aerarium, Tac. A. J, 25. Phr.: swollen 
 with food, tumldus, Hor. Ep. i, 6, 61 : 
 a sivollensea, tumidum mare, Virg. Aen. 
 8,671. II, Meton.: 1, tuinffacio, 
 i : swollen with joy, laetitia luniefactus, 
 Ov. M. 15, JOJ. 2. iiiflo, 1 : to s. their 
 minds to an intolerable pitch of pride, 
 animos i. ad intolerabilem superbiam, 
 
 Liv. 45, JI ■ V. PDFF CP, INFLATE. B. 
 
 Intrans. : |, Lit.. 1, tumeo, 
 
 2 ■ my eyes s. with ueeping, lumina 
 fletu t., Tib I, 8, 68 : the feet s., pedes t , 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 27?: the wave is swollen 
 from the wind, unda t. a vento, Ov. F. 2, 
 776. 2, tumesco, mui, j : the sea s.s, 
 mare t., Cic. Div. i, 7, 13: the wounds 
 s., vulnera t., Tac. H. 2, 77. 3. tur- 
 geo, tursi, 2 : his face s.s from the blow, 
 ora t. ab ictu, Ov. F. j. 757: the buds s., 
 gemmae t., Virg. E. 7, 48. 4. tur- 
 gesco, J : the seed s.s in the ground, t. 
 semen in agris, Ov. Am. j, xo, 11. 5, 
 augesco, j when the river began to s., 
 augescente Uumine, Tac. li. 2, 34. 6. 
 cresco, crevj, cietum, i : the number of 
 
 my friends has swollen, mihi ere vera 
 amici, Cic. Sest. }2, 69. ||, Meton. : 
 to s. with pride, anger, etc. : J, tu- 
 meo, 3 : many of the tribes s.ing vrith 
 wrath, multis gentibus ira tumentibus, 
 Liv. JI, 8: his fierce breast swells with 
 fury, rabie fera mrda t., Virg. Aen. 6, 
 49 : you s. with pride at your long pedi- 
 gree, alto stemmate t., Juv. 8, 40. 2. 
 tumesco, j: Ov. H. 8, 57. 3. turgeo, 
 2 : {my wife) snells with anger at me, 
 (uxor) turget mihi, PI. Cas. 2, 5, 17. 
 4. turgesco, 3 ■ a philosopher's 
 mind never s.s, is never inflated, sa- 
 picntis animus nunquam t., nunquam 
 tumet, Cic. Tusc. 5,9, 19. Phr.: their 
 hearts that had been s.ing with anger 
 then grow calm, tumida ex ira turn corda 
 residunt, Virg. Aen. 6, 407. 
 
 swelling {subs.) : 1, tiimor, oris, 
 TO. : s.<f the eyes, oculorum tumor, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, J7, 81: the s. of a spot of 
 ground, tumor loci, Ov. M. 15, joj: it 
 is certain tluit he had a s., eum tumore 
 praeditum constat, Auct. Her. 2, 27, 44: 
 inflamed s.s, ardentes tumores, Plin. 20, 
 2}, 96, $ 257. 2. panus (s. of the 
 feet): Plin. 24, 7, 23, $ J9. 3. struma 
 {a scrofulous s.): lb. 4. tiimentia, 
 ium, n. pi. : to apply pounded rue to 
 bruises and s.s, rutam tritam imponere 
 contusis tumentibusque, Plin. 29, 2, 9, 
 5 JO. 5. *scirrhoma, atis, n. {a hard 
 s.): Plin. 25, 8, 42, $ 82 (others read 
 steatoma, fatty s.) : also, scirros, i, to. : 
 id. 7, 1 5, I J, } 6 J. P h r. • to reduce a s., 
 sedare tumorem, id. 2c, 16, 61, $ 169: 
 an inflamed s., rubicundus tumor, id. 
 20, 25, 59, } 126 : what is this s. on your 
 neck ? quid hoc in coUo tibi tumet ? PI. 
 Pers. 2, 5, II : V, tdmour. 
 
 swerve: 1. decline, i: to s. from 
 a straight course, recta regione viai d., 
 Lucr. 2,249. 2. devertor, sus, J : de- 
 cedo, ssi, ? r v. decline, depart. 
 
 swift {subs.) : a bird ; apus, 6dis, to. : 
 Plin. 10, 3<), 55, <J 114. (Cypselus apus, 
 Linn.). 
 
 swift {adj.) : cSler, citus, velox, per- 
 nix, rapidus: v. quick, fast, rapid. 
 Phr.: s. in swimming, celer nandi, SiL 
 4, 587 ; s. at catching the boar, celer 
 excipere aprum, Hor. Od. j, 12, 11 ; 
 s.-footed, celeripes (rare), Cic. Alt. 9, 7: 
 a s.-sailing ship, celox, oc\s,f. : Liv. 21, 
 1 7 : celes, etis, m. : Plin. 7, ;6, 57, } 208. 
 
 swiftly : cei6riter, velociter, cito, 
 perniciler, rapide, festinanter, velox 
 (ille velox desilit in latices, he s. leaps, 
 
 Ov. M. 4J2): V. QDICKLY, rapidly. 
 
 swiftness : 1. velScitas, tatis^/. ; 
 Cic: Caes.: Quint. 2. celgritas, tatis, 
 /. ; Cic. : Caes. : s. in speaking, celeritas 
 dicendi, Cic. Fl. 20, 48. 3. pernicitas, 
 talis, /. : s. of foot, p. pedum, Liv. 9, 
 16. Join: pernicitas et velocitas, Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, 15, 45. 4. rapiditas, tatis, 
 /. : s. of a stream, r. fluminis, Caes. B. C. 
 
 I, 62 : V. QUICKNESS, rapidity. 
 
 swill {subs.) : I, A greedy drink- 
 ing : pouis, lis, TO. : nimius potus . v. 
 TIPPLING. II, Swine's wash: coUii- 
 vies, ei (colliivio, onis), /. ; Plin. 24, 19, 
 116, $ 176. 
 
 swill (i"-) •■ '" drink greedily ; \, 
 polo, I : they were s.ing the whole day, 
 totum diem potal)atur, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 
 67. 2, ingurgitare se ; cf. Gell. 15, 2 
 
 V. TO TIPPLE, DKINK. 
 
 swim {subs.") : V. SWIMMING. 
 
 swim (v.): I, Lit. : 1, nSto, I: 
 very fond of s.ing, studiosissimus na- 
 tandi, Cic. Fam. 7, 10 : the fish s. in the 
 sea, n. aequore pisces, Ov. Pont. 2, 7, 
 28 ■ Virg. . Prop. ; Caes., etc. 2. no. 
 I : PI. : Cat. : Ov. • Tib. : a nacker float 
 is put upon bcrys who are learning to s., 
 pueris qui nare discunt scirpea induitur 
 ratis, PI. Aul. 4, i, 9: you will s. with- 
 out your cork floats, nabis sine cortice, 
 Hor. S. 1, 4, 120. 3. fluito, I {jwt to 
 sink): in the lake everything s.s, nothing 
 sinks, in lacu omnia fl., nihil mergltur, 
 Plin. JI, 2, 18, i 11. II. Fig.; to 
 be covered with liquid : 1. nato, i : 
 the paved floors nere s.ing with unne, 
 natabant pavlmenla vino, Cic. Phil. 2, 
 41, 105. 2. madeo, 2 : the earth sa in
 
 8W I M ACROSS 
 
 Y L LO G I S M 
 
 SYMPHONY 
 
 blood, sanguine terra ma., VIrg. Aen. it. 
 690. 3. rgduiido, I : Africa is f.ivg 
 with the bUml of the enemy, sanguine 
 hostium r. Alrica, Cic. Manil. 11, }o 
 
 V. OVKRFLOW, DBKNCH. Phf. : intk 
 
 S.ingeijes, oculis natantibus, Ov. M. 5, "2. 
 
 swim across : 1. trano, i : u> s. 
 across a rivrr, flumen t., Caes. B. C. 1, 
 48. 2. nandu trajicio : Suet. Caes. 57. 
 
 down : denaio, i ■ t» s. don n 
 
 the Tuscan river, d. I'husco alveo, Hor. 
 Od. }, 7. 28. 
 
 Oil : innato, i : the aider s.s 
 
 upon the i/a re (alnus) i. undani, Virg. G. 
 1, 451 : men s. on Ike stream, flumini 
 boniines 1., i'lin. 8, 25, i8, } 9!. 
 
 to <"■ near : 1. anno, l : to 
 
 t. near the ships, naves a., Caes. IJ. C. 2, 
 44 : the cavaliy s.ing near their horses, 
 eqaites annantes equis, Tac. A. 14, 29. 
 2. annato, i : Flin. 8, 25, }8, $ 91 : 
 to s. to a man's hand, ad manum hom- 
 inis a., id. 9, 25, 46, } 86. _ 
 
 swimmer : natator, oris, TO. : the s. 
 struggles to make nay against the 
 stream, pugnat in adversas ire n. aquas, 
 Ov. H. Am. 122. Piir. : an active s., 
 pigei ..a iiandum, id H. 18, 210 : to be a 
 twift s., *citum natare, cf. Hor. Od. j, 7, 
 28. 
 
 swimming (subs.): 1, natatio, 
 onis, /. : Cic. de Sen. 16, 58 : also, a 
 place f or s.,Cela. i.f], 1. 2. naiatus, 
 fis, m. (late): Stat. S. i, 5, 25. Phr. : 
 the habit of s., nanal usus, Tac. Agr. 
 18 : to save onaelfby s., nando in tutum 
 pervenire, Nep. Chab. 4. 
 
 swimmingly : piaclde, facile, pros- 
 pSre ; v. .succkssfully, smoothly. 
 
 swindle («"''*•) •■ v. swindling. 
 
 swindle (i') •• fraudare, dare verba 
 alicui, circurnvgnire , v. to chkat, dk- 
 FBACD. Phr.: tos.amanoutofmmiey, 
 aliquem argento emungere, I'er. Ph. 4, 
 
 4. I- 
 
 swindler : praestlgiator, alicnjus 
 fraudator, quadruplalor (prop, aw in- 
 former), fraudiilentus, mendax : v. 
 
 CHEAT, ROGDE. 
 
 swindling (<«??•) •• fraudulentus: v. 
 
 CHEATING, DISHONEST. 
 
 swindling (subs^ : fraus, fraudatio 
 (rare), Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 2; : ciicumscriptio, 
 
 dolus: V. FRAUD, CHEATING. 
 
 swine: \. -^P'S^ 1. sus,suis, 
 
 m. f. : Cic. Lncr. : Liv. : Ov. : Tac. 
 2. porcus, m. (a <nm« s.): Cic, etc. : 
 a female s., porcus feniina, Ca:o K. R. 
 134. 3. porculus (a young s.) : PI. 
 Men. 2, 2, 56. II, A herd of s.: pecus 
 suillum : Varr. K. R. 2, 4, i : grex 
 suillus, Liv. 22, 10. Phr.: s.'s flesh, 
 pordna {sc. caro), PI. Capt. 4, 2, 69 : 
 also, suilla caro. Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 8 : a 
 dealer in s., negotiator suarius, Piin. 2t, 
 }, 7, 10 : a market for s., forum suarium, 
 Ulp. Dig. I, 12, I. IJL Meton.: a 
 greedy person : porcus: Hor. Ep. i, 4, 
 16. 
 
 -herd: 1, subulcns: Varr. 
 
 R. R. 2, 4, 14. 2. suarius: I'lin. 8, 
 51. 77, 208. 
 
 SWiag (subs.): I. .-Ic* of s.ing: 
 oscillatio, onis, /. (j. An apparatus 
 for s.ing: osciUum: Fest. 
 
 swing («•)• A. Trans.: * hue 
 illuc agitare, vibrare, jactare. B. 
 
 Intrans.: |. To move baclnvards 
 and forwards: 1. fluito, i : the saih 
 s.ing from the top of the mast, fluitantia 
 vela malo, Ov. M. 11, 470. 2. pendeo, 
 pSpendi, 2 : his arms s. listlessly, fliiidi 
 p. lacerti, ib. 15 2?i. 3. hue illuc 
 i^tari.mOveri.Jactarl. ||, Toitseas.: 
 osciUo, I : Fest. : oscillatione iudere, 
 Petr. 140. 
 
 swinish : ^- gross, brutish : a «. 
 fellow, porcus, Hor. Kp. i, 4, 16. 
 
 swipe : " machine for raising heavy 
 bodies : toUeno, onis, m. ; Liv. 24, 14. 
 
 switch: 1. virga: Juv. j, ji6. 
 2. virgiila: Cie. PhiL 8, 8. 2J: v. 
 
 MOD, TWIG. 
 
 swivel : perh. *verticula : a machine 
 
 that norks on a «., * machina versatUis. 
 
 swollen : tumidus, turgidus : v. to 
 
 6WKLL. 
 
 swoon (subs.) : 1. defeetio, onis,/. : 
 
 Plin. 21, prooeni. $4. 2. * synci^pe, es. 
 or syncopa, ae, /. (very late, and not to 
 be used in writing Lat.). Phr. : to fall 
 dotcn in a s., collabi. Suet. Ner. 42. 
 
 swoon (»■)•■ 1. intermorior, mor- 
 tuus. i : after s.ing in Vie very meeting 
 he died not long aftervards, in ipsa 
 contlone i. baud multo post exspiravit, 
 Liv. J7, 5J: s.ing from loss of blood, 
 sanguinis profluvio Iniermorientes, Cels. 
 5, 26, 2;. 2. linqui aninio : Sen. de 
 ir. I, r2, 1 : V. TO FAINT. Phr.: his 
 boil elf being so relaxed that he s.'d, alvo 
 usque ad defrctionem suluta. Suet. Vesp. 
 24; Sextius s.s, rellnquit anmius Sex- 
 tiuni, CiK-s. B. <J. 6, j8. 
 
 SWOOP (subs.) : impetus, incursus : 
 
 V. ATTACK. 
 
 SWOOP («'•)•■ « off: ripio, auffiro, 
 eveiro ■ v. caury off. 
 
 unon : P^to, Incurro, insilio : v. 
 
 POUNCE noN. 
 
 sword: I. Lit--" 1. pladius 
 to drair n s., g. stringere, Caes. B C. ?. 
 9?: p. educere, id. B. G. 5, 44 g- dis- 
 tringtre, ib. i, 2? : g. nudare, Ov. F. 2, 
 69 : to shiatli one's s., g. recondere in 
 vaginam, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 4: g. condere. 
 Quint. 8, praef. { 15. 2. gladiOlus 
 {diinin. of foregoing) : Gell. 10, 25. 
 3. ensis, is, m. : Liv. 7, 10. 4. 
 ferrum : to attack a man tinth a s., in 
 aliquem ferro invadere, Cic. Caecin. 9, 
 2;: to receive a stroke of a s^ ferrum 
 reelpere, id. 'IHise. 2, 17,41. 5. tnu- 
 cro, onis, m. (prop, point of the s.) : the 
 S.S of the soldiers, m. mililum, Cic. Phil. 
 
 14, J, 6: a death-dealing s., m.niortalis, 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 740: to decide a battle at 
 the s.'s point, rem ad mucrones adducere, 
 Tac. Agr. }6. 6. spatha (a broad s. 
 tmthout point): Tac. A. 12, 55. Phr.: 
 a crossing s.s, eomplexus armoruni, id. 
 Agr. }6. II, Melon.: nar, destruc- 
 tion : Phr. : to have the pnuer of the 
 s., jus gladii habere, Ulp. l>ig. i, 18, 6: 
 vhen the s. is unknown, ensibus ignotis, 
 Sil. 7. 167 : they threaten this city uith 
 fire and s., huic urbi ferro ignique mini- 
 
 tantur, Cic. Phil. 11, 14, 37: to icosie 
 tvith fire and s., ferro atque igni vas- 
 tare, Liv. }i, 7: to decide by the s., 
 ferro eemere, Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 517 : to 
 attack with the s., (regna) lacessere ferro, 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 186: v. stekl. Prov. : 
 to kill a man with his aim s., suo sibi 
 gladio aliquem jugulare, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 
 J5- 
 
 -fish: 1. pladius: Plin. 9, 
 
 15, 21, ^ ?4. 2. xiphlas, ae, m. : id. 
 J2, 2, 6, j 15: Ov. Hal. 97 (*Xiphias 
 gladius, Linn.). 
 
 sworn : I. ''"< upon oath : Jiirat- 
 us, jurejurando obstrietus ; v. to sw ea r. 
 II, Affirmed on oath : jurejurando 
 confinnatus: v. to swear. 
 
 sycamore : 1. sycamorus, /. : 
 
 Cels. 5, 18, 7. 2. sy< aniiiius, /. ; and 
 sycaminon, onis,/.: Ulp. iJig. 47, 11. 
 10 (* ficus sycamorus, 1 jnn.). 
 
 sycophancy : sycr'pi'antia. Pi. Ps. i, 
 5, 70: assentatio, onis,/..- adulatio, 
 onis,/. ; v. adulation, flattery. 
 
 sycophant : 1. syc6plianta,_ ae, 
 m. .- PI. Am. I, J, 8. 2. assentator, 
 oris, OT..- Cie. Am. 26, 98. 3. adu- 
 lator, oris, m. ; Auct. Her. 4. 2I, 29 : v. 
 flatterer, parastte. 
 
 syllabic : \ 'quod pertinet ad syl- 
 
 syllabical: ( labas: 'quod in sylla- 
 bas digeritur. 
 
 syllable: syllaba: a verse too short 
 or too long t/y a s., versus s. una brevior 
 aut longior, Cic. Par. j, 2, 26 ; o short s. 
 put after a long s., s. longa brevi sub- 
 jecta, Heir. A. P. 25 1. Phr.: to dictate s. 
 by s., syllibatim diciare, Cic. Alt. I J, 25 : 
 a word of one s.. vox mono.syllaba. Mart. 
 Cap • word of tno ss, verlmm disylla- 
 bum, Quint, i. s, ?i : vvrd of three s.s, 
 verbuni tiisyllalnmi, Varr. L. L. 9, 52, 
 151 : to make a s. long, producere sylla- 
 bam.Ov. Pont. 4, 12, 12 : to shorten a f, 
 corripere s., Quint, i, ;, 18. 
 
 syllogism : 1. sylli5gismus,_ or 
 
 -OS: Sen. Kp. 108. 2. rAtiocinaiio, 
 onis, /. : if one thing is deduced from 
 another the name given to this is a s., si 
 
 ex alio colligitur aliud nomen est niti<v 
 cinatlonis. Quint. 8, 4, 16. Phr.. to 
 draw a conclusion by a s., colligere, 
 I'ers. 5, 85 a conclusion of a »., col- 
 lectio. Sen. Ep. 48 : an imperfect s„ 
 enthymema. Quint 5, 10. 
 
 syllogistic: i 1. syllSgisticus. 
 
 syllogistical : > Quint 2. ritic- 
 cinativus (aaordiiig to Quint 5, 10, 6, 
 used by Cic. for syllogistlcus). 
 
 sylph ; o. kind of grub : v. GBUB. 
 
 symbol ; lignum : V. .■iiGN, tokkn. 
 
 symbolical: to be s. of anything, 
 * signum, iuiago esse alicujus : v. figi;- 
 ha-'ive. 
 
 symbolically : symboiicg : Geii. 4, 
 
 II : V. FIGI'RATIVF.LY. 
 
 symbolize : v. reprf.sent, figure. 
 
 symmetrical : 1. congruens, 
 
 ntis. 2. acqualis, e. Join: con- 
 gruens et aequalis. Suet. Tib. 68. 3. 
 *symmetros, on: Vitr. I, 2 v. hab 
 
 MONKir.-^. 
 
 symmetrically : congmenter, con- 
 venienter, cous6nanter : v. habmo- 
 
 NIOISLY. 
 
 symmetry: 1. congrneniia(rare): 
 iSuet. : Plin. 2. aequalltas. Join: 
 congruentia et aequaiitas (corporis). 
 Suet. Oth. 2. 3. symmetria: V'ltr. i, 
 2 : Plin. J4, 8, 19, i 58 : there is no Latin 
 word to express s., non habet l.atlimm 
 nomen s., ib. } 65. 4. convfuicntla; 
 s. of parts, c. partium, Cic. Off. I, 4, 14. 
 
 sympathetic: ( I. >>f like feel- 
 sympathetical : f i"9s ■■ concors, 
 
 consonus, congruens, conveniens : v. 
 harmonious. II. Apt to sympathize : 
 misericors, cordis : v. pitiful. 
 
 sympathetically : I. convcni- 
 enter. consonanter : v. harmonioislv. 
 II. misgricorditer: v. pitifllly. 
 
 sympathize : I. To have a com- 
 mon feeling nith : 1. consentio, 
 sensi, sensum, 4 all men s. tcilh each 
 other in thinking that we should take up 
 arms against that plague, omnes mor 
 tales una mente c. amia contra illam 
 pestem capienda, Cic. Phil. 2, j, 7. 2. 
 convenio, veni, ventum (rare in this 
 sense), 4 : if we ever s. with each other 
 on that point, si de ea re imquam 
 inter nos convenimus, PL Ps. i, 5. ijo. 
 3. congruo, ui, j : a woman s.s more 
 with a icoman, mulier mulieri magis c, 
 Ter. Ph. 4. 5. 14- II. To show s. or 
 fellow feeling with anotlier : miserBrl 
 alicujus: aeque dolere cum aliquo. cf. 
 Cic. Fam. 4, 6 : / s.d with you in that 
 calamity, comnranem earn calamiiatem 
 existiinavi, id. Fam. 4, 5. 
 
 sympathy: \. A natural agree- 
 ment : 1. consensus, us, m. : '■ hich 
 the Greeks call s.,c. quam {rvfiTrdOtiav 
 Graeci vocant, Cic. N. D. ). 11, 28. 2. 
 Concordia: the similarity oj their cha- 
 racters prroduced such friejidship and s., 
 tintam habebat morum siniililudo con- 
 junctionem et c, Qa Verr. j, 9, 2!: 
 Concordia, ivhich the Greeks call s., 
 Concordia rerum, quam sympaihitni 
 Graeci vocant Plin. 17, 4- '5. } 5* 
 Phr.: when (the mind's) jmlymentA 
 and opinions are in s., cum (aiiimsl 
 judieia opinionosque concordant Cic. 
 I'usc. 4, I }, JO : they are in thi,rough s. 
 with each other, illi Inter se congruuiil 
 concorditer, PI. Cure. 2, 2, 14- 11. 
 Felloto feeling irith another: Phr.: to 
 show «., animl doloreni adhib«-re, Cic 
 Fam. 4, 6: s. in sorrow, socieias a»'gn- 
 tudinis, ib. : to express my s. •■ ith you, 
 meum dolorem tibi declarare, ib. 5:0 
 letter of s., liierae consolatoriae, Cic. 
 Att. I J, 20: codlcilli consolatorii, Suet. 
 Oth. 10. 
 
 symphonious : consflnans, consCnus, 
 coniini-ns v. haBMoniois. 
 
 symphony : I. -< combination of 
 musical sounds: 1, sympbOnia: 
 
 Cie. Verr. j, 44. 105. 2. concentua, 
 us, m. : that sound which by blending 
 high u-ith low notes proiiuces various sj, 
 ille sonus qui acuta cum eTa\ ibus tem- 
 perans varios concentus efficit Cic. Rep. 
 6, 18. II. A particular kin^l of mu- 
 
 siccU composition : sympbonim, Liv. }^ 
 10. 
 
 827
 
 SYMPTOM 
 
 TABLE 
 
 TABLE 
 
 ■ymptom: I. Med. t. t.: i. 
 
 glgnnm t/fse are the fatal s.s, haec 
 ante exitium riant signa, Virg. G. j, 50). 
 2. indicium : the s.s of disease, in- 
 dicia morbi. Cels. : s.s of poison., indicia 
 veneni, Cic. Clu. 10, jo. 3. nSta: in 
 severe diseases the s.s of recovery and 
 death are deceptive, in acutis moibis n. 
 salutis et mortis fallaces sunt, Cels. 2, 6, 
 fin. 4. signif iciitio valetildlnis : 
 
 Cels. Ph'. : if the alarming S.S remain, 
 si terrentia manent, Cels. j, 2. ||. 
 Gen. any mark or sign : indicium, nota, 
 signum ■. v. sign, tokfn. 
 
 synagogue : synagoga, ae, /. : 
 Eccles. 
 
 synchronism : * aequalitas tem- 
 porum. 
 
 syncopate: 'literam eximere de 
 verbo (Gramm.). 
 
 syncope: I. Med. t. t.-. ♦syn- 
 
 cope, es: V. .SWOON, FAINT. ||, Gram- 
 mat, t. t. : far omission of a letter or 
 syllable from the middle of a xcord: 
 * syncSpe. 
 
 syndic: 1. syndlcus: Gai. Dig. 
 }, 4. J. 2, ciiTator, oris, m. (member 
 of extraordinary commission) : Cic. 
 
 syndicate: I. Boiiy of symUcs -. 
 
 1. syndic! : Liv. 2. e.xpr. by viri, 
 with number of members prefixed, as, 
 a «. 0/ 1««, decemviri : Liv. ||, (iffice 
 of s. : one's membership of a s. of ten : 
 decemvlratus : Dig. 
 
 synecdoche : grammat. t. t. .- synec- 
 doche, es: yuint. 8, 6, ij. 
 
 synod: ecclesiastical assembly : 1. 
 *syn6dus, i, f. : Cod. Just. I, }, 2J. 
 
 2. conventus, iis, m. : v. A.ssEMBLr. 
 Synodical : * syn5dalis : Eccl. 
 synodals : constitutions of a synod : 
 
 *s^6dalia, ium, n. : Eccl. 
 
 synonym ; 1. vocaboium idem 
 declarans : a number of s.s, plura voca- 
 bnla idem declarantia, Cic. Fin. j, 4, 14: 
 a collection of s.s, coUecta vorabula quae 
 idem declarant, Quint. 10, i, "j. 2. ^'o- 
 cabulum quod idem valet, significat: 
 Quint. 
 
 synonymous : idem declarans. signi- 
 fitaus, valens : many s. terms, plura vo- 
 cabula idem declanmtia, Cic. : v. sup. : 
 " fsee " is often s. u-ith " I know," video 
 saepe idem valet quod scio, Quint. 10, i, 
 J : ue are looking for a word s. with the 
 Greek, quaerimus verbum quod Graeco 
 idem valeat, Cic. Fin. 2, 4, ij. 
 
 synopsis : 1. synopsis, is,/. ; Ulp. 
 Dig. 27, 9, 5, ^ II. 2. fpitoma, or 
 gpitSme, es, /. .• Cic. Att. 12, 5. 3. 
 breviarium Suet Galb. 12. 4. sum- 
 mariuin ; .Sen. Ep. 59 : v. summary. 
 
 syntactical : * quod ad construc- 
 tionem verborum pertinet. 
 
 syntactically : v- grammatically. 
 
 syntax ; 1. consScutio verbomm : 
 Cic. Part. 6. 2. constructio verborum : 
 id. de Or. i. 5, .17. 3. * syntaxis, is, 
 /. ; Prise, i-;, init. (uses o-ui'Taft?). 
 
 synthesis : I. Grammat. t. t. : 
 
 •synthe.-^is. ||. Scientific t. t. : opp. 
 to analysis : perh. compOsitio, onis,/. 
 
 synthetical : perh. • per composi- 
 tionem, conjunctionem. 
 
 syringe (subs.) .- sipho, onis, m. : 
 siphunculus : clyster. Suet. Claud. 44 : 
 an ear s„ clyster oricularius, Cels. "j, 27 : 
 
 V. SQDIBT. 
 
 syringe ("•) •• aspergo, conspergo : v. 
 
 TOSPRINKLB. 
 
 system: I. -4 scheme which 
 
 unites many things in order : 1, 
 formQla a settled «. of philosophy, 
 certa quaedara f. disciplinae, Cic. Acad. 
 I. 4. 17. 2. descriptio, onis, /. ; 
 a s. of government, d. reipublicae, 
 id. Rep I, 46. 3. comp5sTtio, onis, 
 /. ; a s. of philosophy, c. disciplinae, 
 id. Fin. 3, 22, 74. 4. ars, tis, /. ; 
 o written treatise or rhetorical s., id. 
 Inv. 6, 8 : Flu. 4, }, 5. 5. ratio, 
 
 onis,/.: thenatuve of governments often 
 rises superior to the s., rerum publicarum 
 natura saepe r. vincit, id. Rep. 2, if : 
 the (philosophical) s. of Epicurus, Epi- 
 cnri r.. Id. Fin. I, 5, ij; of the Aca- 
 demics, Academiae r., id. Acad. 4, ^7. 
 Join: artes et rationes, id. de Or. }, 50, 
 828 
 
 195- 6. disciplina: philosophical s., 
 d. philosophiae, id. Acad. 4, ?, 7. 7. 
 artificium ; eloquence does not spring 
 from the s., but the s. from, eloquence, 
 non est elof(uentia ex a., sed a. ex elo- 
 quentia nata, id. de Or. i, J2, 146: a s. 
 of mnemonics, a. memoriae, Auct. Her. 
 4, 16. 8, institutio artis : ib. 1,9, 16. 
 Phr. : in reduce to s., formulam ex- 
 primere, Cic. : * in artera redigere, re- 
 vocare : the science of war had been 
 reduced to a regular s., disciplina mi- 
 litaris in artis perpetuis praeeeptis ordi- 
 natae modum venerat, Liv. 9, 17. ||, 
 Plan, method : via : a s. of teaching, 
 docendi via, Cic. Or. j2, 114. 
 
 systematic : \ 1. perpetuis prae. 
 
 systematical : 5 ceptis ordinatus : 
 Liv. V. supr. : see also, mf.thouical. 
 2. *ad certam formulam, artem, 
 disciplinam redactus. 3. *ex ceru 
 ratione factus. Phr.: all things that 
 are taught in a regular and s. manner, 
 omnia quae ratione docentur et via, 
 Cic. Or. n, ii6- 
 
 systematically : composite : via et 
 arte dicere (to speak s.), Cic. Brut. 12, 
 46: e compos! to : to do a things., * certa 
 ratione aliquid facere. 
 
 systematize : Phr.: to s. philo- 
 sophy : certam quandam formam disci- 
 plinae componere, Cic. Acad. I, 4, 17 : 
 artem quandam philosophiae et rerum 
 ordinem et descriptionem disciplinae 
 facere, id. Tim. 18 : to s. anything, re- 
 digere aliquid in ordinem, ib. J : to s. 
 the dimsions of a speech, partes orationis 
 ordinare, Cic. Jnv. 1, 14, 19 : v. akbangb, 
 regclate. 
 
 T. 
 
 TABAUD (an ancient garm' lit worn 
 over the body : now only by he- 
 ralds) : * tabardum (Ducange) : * cadu- 
 ceatoris vestis, Kr. 
 
 tabby : the nearest words are macii- 
 I08US, v. spotted: varius (of several 
 colours), v. DAPPLED: discolor (of dif- 
 ferent colours) : the preced. are applied 
 by poets to the lynx and tiger : some- 
 times bicolor (of tivo colours), may be 
 used. 
 
 tabernacle (swfe-') •■ 1. Tent: ta- 
 bernaciilum : v. tent. ||. In a reli- 
 gious sense : tabernaculum, Vulg. Num. 
 vii. 1 ; 2 Cor. v. 4 : the feast of f.s, festum 
 tabemaculorum : scenopegia, Vulg. Joan, 
 vii. 2. 
 
 tabernacle (>'•)•■ hftbito, i : v. dwell. 
 
 tablature : I. fainting on walls 
 ■ or ceilings : parietum pictura, Plin. j;, 
 10, 57' i 116 : abacus (panel^paint- 
 ing), Vitr. 7, j, 10. In Sen. Ky>. 90, i ;, 
 versatilia coenationum laquearia seems 
 to denote painted panels so arranged in 
 the ceilings that they were shifted during 
 the banquet. ||. /n Tnusic : * tabula- 
 tura, ut vocant (Kircher, Musurg. Univ. 
 vol. i. p. 495, Rome, 1650): *orbis, am- 
 bitus melicus (Kr.). 
 
 table: \. a Jlat surface: 1. ta- 
 bula : Cic. : the XII. t.s of law, duo- 
 dccim t., id. : the two t.s of stone, diiae t. 
 lapideae, Vulg. Exod. xxxl. 18. Dimin. : 
 tabella, Cic. 2. mensa: of a monu- 
 mental slab, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66 : the fiat 
 portion of a catapult, Vitr. 10, 11, 6. 
 3. aes, aeris, n. (a t. of bronze) : v. 
 tablet. ||, An article of furniture : 
 1. mensa : a three-footed t., va. tripes, 
 Hor. S. I, J, I } : a money t., m., Cic. Pis. 
 36, 88 : o toilette t., m. Delphica, id. Verr. 
 4, 59. HI: or simply Delphica, Mart. 
 12, 66, 7 (i. e. o t. made after the pattern 
 of the Delphic tripod) : the lord's t., *m. 
 sancta (Ducange) : a t. sacreA to the gods, 
 m. deorum, Virg. Aen. 2, 764 : a butcher's 
 t., m. lanionia. Suet. Claud. 15 : a t. for 
 food, m. escaria, Varr. L. L. 5, 25, J4,./in. 
 N.B. — The Roman usage was to bring 
 in the table with the food set out upon 
 it : hence the foil. expr. : to bring in 
 (he t., m. ponere, Ov. M. 11, iic: ap- 
 ponere (with t/a<.), PI. Asln. 5, i, 2: to 
 t/ring in the second t. (= amrse), m. se- 
 
 cundam apponere, Cic. Att. 14, 21, ad^n. 
 v. course (Vlll.) : to lay the t., m. ex- 
 struere, id. Tusc. 5, 21, 62 : to lay the t, 
 carelessly, m. negligentius ponere. Sen. 
 Ira, 2, 2;, I : to put anything <m 
 the t., aliquid mensis imponere, Ov. M. 
 
 1, 2 jo: in mensis apponere, PL Men. I, 
 J, 29 : mensis, in mensis ponere, Mart. 
 IJ, 65 ; Ov. Fast. 4, J67 : to sit doivn at 
 t. (ace. to the custom of earlier times), 
 considere mensis, Virg. Aen. 7, 176; 
 assidere. Sail. J. 1 1 : to recline at t. (ace. 
 to the custom of later times), mensis, 
 ad meusas accubare. Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, J ; 
 accumbere, id. Verr. 5, ji, 81 ; cubare, 
 id. de Or. 2, 86, J5! ; discunibere, id. 
 Att. 5, 1,4; recumbere, Hor. Ep. I, 5, I : 
 at t., apud mensam, PI. Trin. 2, 4, 77 ; 
 .super m.. Curt. 7,4.7: at the t. of Caesar, 
 ad mensas Caesarls, Juv. 5, 4; to send 
 one anything from the t., mittere aliqaid 
 alicui de mensa, Cic. Att. 5, i, 4 : to wait 
 at t., ad m. rainistrare, consistere, id. Fin. 
 
 2, 21, 69: adstare mensis. Mart. 8, 56, 
 I J : to wipe the t. ivith a cloth, gausape 
 m. pertergere, Hor. S. 2, 8, 11 : to rise 
 from t., a mensa surgere, PI. Ps. i, }, 77 ; 
 mensas linquere, Catul. 62, j : to clear 
 away the t., m. tollere, Cic, Pia 27, 67 ; 
 auferre, PI. Am. 2, 2, 185 ; remo- 
 vere, Ov. M. ij, 676. Dimin.: men- 
 stila : / wrenched off the leg frnm a 
 little t., mensulae pedem extorsi, Petr. S. 
 I j6, 5 : PI. 2. monopMium (a t. with 
 one suppoil, introduced from Asia): 
 Liv. J9, 6, ad fin. 3. orbis, is, m. 
 (prop, a round t.-top, as in Ov. Her. 17, 
 87 : hence a round t.) : round t.s of 
 citron wood from Libya, Libyci o., 
 Mart. 2, 4J, 9. 4. quadra (a square 
 t.) : to live at another man's t, aliena 
 vivere q., Juv. 5, 2. 5. Itabs. trabis, 
 f. (a t. of wood); Mart. 14, 91, 2. 6. 
 abacus (a side-t.: v. Diet. Ant. s. v.): 
 he set out several Hde-t.s with silver 
 plaie, a. complures ornavit argento, Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, 21, 61. Pbr. ; a t. of white 
 marble, lapis albus, Hor. S. ;, 6, 116. 
 
 Ill, The meal itself, style of living : 
 1. mensa : a frugal t., m. brevis, 
 Hor. A. P. 198 : o modest t., verecnnd* 
 m., Pers. 5, 44: the t.s (= good cheer) 
 of Syracuse, m. Syracusiae, Cic. Tusc. ;, 
 J5, 100 : the hospitable t. is a sacred 
 thing, m. hospitalis res est sacra. Sen. 
 Ben. 4, ;8. 2, victus, us (fare, 
 
 viands) : a plain t., mundus v., Hor. 
 Ep. I, 4, II: o sfmpie t., tenuis v., Cic. 
 Tusc. 5. ?2, 89: the pleasures of the t, 
 jucunditas victus, id ib. 5, J4, 100. 3. 
 expr. very freq. by coena (dinner), con- 
 vivium (banquet) epulae, pi. (feast), 
 dapes, pi. (most. poet. : no gen. pi. 
 seems to occur) : a sumptuously fur- 
 nished t., opipare apparatum conviviimj, 
 Cic. Off. }, 14, 58: lautissima coena, 
 Plin. Ep. 9, 17: a t. so spread with 
 luxuries that you knovi not what to 
 choose, coena dubia, Hor. S. 2, 2, 77 : to 
 keep a bountiful t., liberales epulaa 
 struere, Tac. A. 15, 55 : an exlraragant 
 t., profusae epulae, Cic. Mur. j6, 76 : the 
 pleasures of the t., epularum voluptates, 
 id. Sen. 14, 50 : conviviorum delectatio, 
 id. ib. I J, 45: at t., inter coenam, 
 id. Q. Fr. j, I, 6, ^19 (while dinner 
 was going on) : super c. Suet. Aug. 77 : 
 in convivio, Nep. Att. 14, 1 : to tx car- 
 ried away from t., de convivio auferri, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 2 J. Phr. : they called the 
 sitting down of friends to t. a banquet, 
 accubationem epularem amiconim con- 
 vivium nominarunt. Cic. Sen. ij, 45 
 (q. V.) : a vast company is sitting at t., 
 ingens coena sedet, Juv. 2, 119: to sit 
 at the head, bottom, of the t. (ace. to 
 modern usage), expr. by summo, imo 
 loco: ace to Homan usage, medius, 
 Virg. Aen. i, 698: Cic Rep. i, 12: v. 
 Dict^ Ant. s. V. TRiCLraiUM : to make 
 any one roU under the t., aliquem vino 
 deponere, PI. AuL }, 6, J9. |V. -^ 
 gaming board : v. board (IV.). Phr.: 
 suddenly the t.s were turned, conversa 
 aubito fortuna est, Nep. Att. 10, init, 
 V. A classified list, or scheme ; 1, 
 index, Ids, m. (a register for reference) : 
 take into your hands a t. of philosophers
 
 T A BLE-B EE R 
 
 TACKLE, TACKLING 
 
 T A C T I t I AN 
 
 same in manus indicem pbilosopborum, 
 Sen. Ep ^9, 2 : (cl. Cic. An. 4, 4. in- 
 dices, quo8 V08 Graeci <Tv\Ji.a.pov% appel- 
 latis). 2. sienima, atis, n. (prop. 
 a garland joining the busts of anctiLors, 
 hence a geneulogical t.) : what profit is 
 there in genealogical t.s :" sienimata 
 qnid faciunt? Jiiv 8, 1 : Suel. Ner. n. 
 [N.B.— Tabula {sing, and pi) is not 
 classical in tbe wnse ol syslematlsed 
 tables, for whicb modern writers use it, 
 and also * systcma. atis, n. : e. k. t.s of 
 chronology, history, etc., t. cbrcinulogicue, 
 historicsie. In passages such as Cac->. li. G. 
 1, 2>), reference is made to ILsts w rittoii or 
 engraved on tablets.]; v. list, synopsis. 
 table-beer : *cerevisia cibaria (Kr.). 
 
 cloth: mantele,is,>i.(mantile): 
 
 Isid. Orig. \'). 26. It was originally a 
 loivel or napUin. cf. Virg G. 4. j';7- 1"° 
 lay the t., mensam manteli operiro, after 
 laid. 2. c. ; stemere, alter Trebell. Gall. 
 16, J. 
 
 conch : 1. triclinmm (one 
 
 of a set of three couches) : Clc. Att i?, 
 52 : V. Diet. Ant. s. v. 2. lettus : Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 74, i8j. 3. lectaius (dimin.) : 
 Cic. Mur. }6. 75. 4. sigma, atls, n. 
 (a semifircular t., called afttr the old 
 sluipe of the Greek letter stgma. C) : the 
 t. holds seven, s^ptem s. capit. Mart. 10, 
 48,6. 
 
 -land : no e.\act word : Cic. thus 
 
 describes the position of Enna : loco 
 praecelso atque edito, quo in summo est 
 aequata agri planities, Verr. 4, 48, 107 : 
 e.\pr. by planities, campus editus. 
 
 -napkin : mappa, Hor. S. 2, 8, 
 
 6} : more precisely, ra. tricliniaris, Varr. 
 \j. L. 9, H. n8. 
 
 -service : 1. minislgrium : 
 
 Lampr. Alex. Sev. ^4, i. 2. expr. usu. 
 by vasa, orum, pi. ; t.s of silver and gold, 
 convivalia ex auro et argento v.. Curt. 
 8, 12, )6: t. <f earthenware, v. ticlilia. 
 Sen. Ep. 95, 72: a service of gold for a 
 Unglt t., aurea mensae unius v., Liv. 41, 
 20: escariumaurum.lnscr. : at. of silver, 
 argentum mensale, Vopisc. Tac. 10, ad 
 fin. : escarium argentum, Ulp. Dig. H. 
 t, 19, } 12: or simply argentum, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, i;, ;;. Phr. : t.s for daily or 
 special use, v., quae ad mensam quoti- 
 dianaro atque epulationem pertinent, 
 Cic Fragm. Oec. 1. 
 
 -talk : expr. by fabulae, sermo : 
 
 the freedom 0} t.t., convivaliuin sermo- 
 iium simplicitas, Tac A. 6, ;, ad fin. : 
 the t.t grew brisk, epularis sermo per- 
 crebuit, Apul. Met. 2, p. 11%: friendly 
 talk, which is most agreeable at table, 
 sermo familiaris qui est in conviviis 
 dulcisisinius, Cic Fam. 9, 24, j. 
 
 tablet : 1. tabula (esp. a writing 
 t.) : a t. engraved vrilh these letters, t. his 
 Uteris incisa, Li v. 6, 29, od./in. : apainted 
 t., t. picta,Cic Brut. 7?, 261 • a votive t., 
 t. votiva, Hor. Od. i, 5, 12 : v. pictcre : a 
 iirritivg-t. for children, L literaria, Varr. 
 R. R. J, 5, 10 : at. covered xoith wax, t. ce- 
 rata, I'l. Asin. 4, i, 18: to put doun one's 
 name on the tj (i. e. list) of the pro- 
 scribed, referre nomen in tabulas, Cic. 
 RoEC. Am. 8, 21. 2, tabella {dimin. 
 of preced.) : to engrave letters on a t. as 
 neatly as possible, literas t. quam optime 
 insculpere. Quint, i, i, 27 : to lurite on t.s 
 (previously smeared with wax, v. No. 4), 
 perarare t., Ov. Am. i, II, 7: painted t J, 
 tabellae (sc. pictae), Cic. Fam 7, 25. } : 
 three ivtnig-t.s apiece, teniae t.. Caes. 
 B. C. X, Si: a wtive (, votiva t., Hor. S. 
 i, I, ?}: t.s ureathed u-ith laurel {in 
 token of victory), laureatae t. (= literae), 
 Liv. 4;, I. 3. *e8, aeris, n. (bronze): 
 to engrave on (bronze) t.s. In aes in- 
 ddere, Cic Phil, i, 7, 16. 4. cera (o t. 
 tovered with u-ax) : to n-rite tvords on t.s, 
 verba cerls Incidere, Ov. Met. 9, 529 : to 
 bring back one's t.s full, plenas c re- 
 portare, PUn. Ep. 1,6: deserving to be 
 entered on the ts of Caere (i. e. to be 
 disfranchised), Caerite cera dignus, Hor. 
 Kp. I, 6, 62. 5. album (a white t., 
 tuch as the Praetor and Pontifex 
 Maximus used) : Input down on the tj, 
 in album referre, Llv. i, ji, ad init. : 
 to sit at the t. 'I. e. to study the praetor's 
 
 edicts), ad album sedere. Sen. Ep. 48, 10. 
 6. puKillarrs. lum, m. pi. (sc llbelli ; 
 writing t.s that can be eautly held in the 
 hand) : a pen and t.s, stylu.s ei p., PUn. 
 Kp. I, 6. Also in the form pugillaria, 
 n. pi. : new t.s, not even yet ojvrred n-ith 
 trax, p. nova, nonduni etiam cera illita, 
 Gell. 17, 9; Catul. 42. ?. 7. cMkilli, 
 TO. pi. (small writing t.s) : n-riting tJ, 
 not letters, c, iion epistolae. Plin. 15, i ?, 
 27. Cic. uses the word for a short writing, 
 ornate. 8. tessgra 'of square ihajie, 
 used as a token) : lie orders the t. Ut be 
 given to every one, u omnibus darl Juliet, 
 Liv. 7, ?;, ad init. : the t. oj mutual 
 hofpilality, t. hospitalls, PI. I'oeu. 5, 2, 
 87 : V. Diet. Ant s. v. Dimin. : less6- 
 raia. a small voting t, t., Varr. H. K. }, 
 5, i8- also, of a S'naXl t. entitling the 
 holder to receive a dole of com, IVrs. ;, 
 74. [N.B. — Tabula rasa is a moilern 
 phrase. Introduced prob. by the writers 
 on metaphysics, and must therefore. If 
 used, be qualified by, ut aiunt, quam 
 vocant, etc. Its origin may be traced in 
 such passages as Ov. A. A. I, 457.] 
 
 table-wine : vinum clbarium, Varr. 
 in Noll. 9?. 14: V. mensale, Auct. in 
 Vopisc. Aurel. 9. 
 
 tabor, tabret: nearest word tym- 
 piinum, cf. Hhaedr. 4, I, 7. 
 
 tabular: *per indices, tabulas, de- 
 scriptus, expositus (Kr.). 
 
 tacit: tacitus; t. exceptions, t. ex- 
 ceptiones, Cic. Iiiv. 2, 47, 140 : a t. agree- 
 ment, t. conventio, Ulp. Dig. 20. 2, ?: as 
 if by a t. truce, velut t. induciis, Liv. 2, 
 
 64: V. SILENT. 
 
 mameuta, orum, n.pl. {all the appliances 
 and fittings nectssaryfur a rettel) : th* 
 names of the different jtarts of tlie t., 
 vocabula armamenlurum, Caes. B. C. I, 
 58 : to provide with t.. amianieniis in- 
 struere, ib. I, }(>: since all the httpe of 
 the (jallic ve.'sels lay in tlirir sail* and 
 t., cum omnis Gallicis navibus spes in 
 veils armamentlsque consi.-teret, ui. B.G. 
 J, 14: to biwer the t., a. demere l,opp. to 
 toUerej), Liv. 21, 49 : demlttere, Srn. Hen. 
 6, 15. 6 : u-ilh the t. in disorder, fusi.s a.. 
 Suet. Aug. 17, ad med. : to dismantU 
 a ship of her t., nav^m armamenlis spo- 
 Hare (said of a storm), Liv. jo, 19 : to 
 arrange and a/ijutt the t., a. compllcare 
 et componere. Pi. Merc i, 2, 8;. Phr.: 
 ships equipped uith t., armalae naves. 
 Caes. B. G. I, 1} : mNtruclue oniataeque 
 naves, Clc. Verr. 5, 51, i jj. 2. amia, 
 orum, n. pi. (rare;: ships thoroughly 
 provided uith every k-inU of t., tiaves 
 omni genere armorum ornatissiniae, 
 Caes. B. G. j, 14. 3. rudent»~s um, 
 m. pL (ropes, rigging) : the creaking 
 of the t., stridor rudentum, Vlrg. Aen. 
 I, 87 : Me south-east urind tearr the t. to 
 hit-'', r. differt Kurus, Hor. Epinl. 10, j. 
 Phr.: fishing-t.. linumet hami.Ov. Met 
 J, 586: rete atque hanii, PI. Rud. 4, j. 56. 
 tact: \, m%i:in\\m (natural talent : 
 a term of wide application) '. tn fa- 
 bricating falsehoods, i. ad hiigeiidum, 
 Clc. Font 14, JO: V. jKtLL (hence adj. 
 inggniosus : giving requires t., rea 
 est ingeniosa dare, Ov. Am. I, 8, 62). 
 2. dexleritas (natural cLecem'ss in 
 carrying out an undertaking : rare, and 
 
 tacitly : taclte ■. most wisely and in \ usu. joined to ingeninm) .■<cipio pot- 
 
 a measure t. does the laic itself grant the 
 poner of defence, persapienter et quo- 
 dammodo t. dat ipsa lex potestatem de- 
 fendendi, Cic Mil. 4, 1 1 : v. silently. 
 
 taciturn : tacitumus (mostly poet. : 
 once in Cic. : no suprrl. or adv.) : because 
 they law him aluays sombre and t., 
 quia tristem semper, quia t. videbant, 
 Cic Sest 9, 21 : t. obstinacy. L obslinatio, 
 Nep. Att. 22, 2 : at. man. Harpocrates 
 (prop, the god of silence), Catul. 102, 4. 
 
 taciturnity: tacitumitas: Clc: v. 
 
 SILENCE. 
 
 tack(».)' A. Trans. : 1. assiio, 
 5 (to sew on to : only fig. and in the foil, 
 pass.): one or tivo patches of cloth are 
 t.'d on, unus et alter assultur pannii 
 
 sessed such natural t. in all things, tantA 
 iuerat Scipioni ad omnia natnralis In- 
 genii d., Llv. 28, 18. 3. "'^ expr. 
 by the adj. dexter, or adv. dextre- he 
 managed the matter with so muc'i t.. rem 
 ita dext<>r egit. Liv. 8, it by dit- 
 charging his duties uith t.. dt-xtre 
 obeundo oSicia, id. i, J4, aii fin. : 
 nobody has used hi.s success with greater 
 t., nemo dexteriiis lurtuna est usus. 
 
 I Hor. S. I. 9, 4;. Phr.: a man devoid 
 of t., ineptus, Cic de Or. 2, 4. 17 (q. v.i : 
 there are some possessed of sacli t. in 
 
 ! these very matters, sunt quidam ita in 
 iisdem rebas bahiles, ib. i. 2;. 115. 
 [X.B. — Sollertia denotes ijuickufss in 
 realising neic ideas; ciillidlia<, skill and 
 
 Hor. .\ P. 15 : so desuo, }, to t. down. | cunning, arising from experiiiice. The 
 
 Cat. R. K. 21, J. 2. consero, ni, ertum 
 } (to join together) : birds' feathers are 
 t.d together to make a gai-ment, avium 
 plumae In usum vestis conseruntur, 
 Sen. Ep. 90, 16 ; a garment t.'d together 
 with thorns, consertum tegumeii spinis, 
 Vlrg. Aen. }, 594. 3. expr. by figo. 
 xi. xum, J ■ to t. the guiter-tUes together, 
 imbrices clavulis figere. Cat. R. R. 21, 
 }. Phr.: the charge of high treason 
 was then t.'d on to eveiy accusation, 
 crimen majestatis tum omnium accusa- 
 tionum complementum erat, Tac. A. s, 
 58. B. In trans, (a naut <. <.): re- 
 ciprScor, I : feeling quite sure that the 
 quinquereme could not t. aJMut agaiiift 
 the opposing current, quinqueremt-m 
 satis credens In adversum aestum reci- 
 procari non posse, Liv. 28, ?o, ait med. : 
 cf. flectere navem, Auct. B. Alex. 64, extr. 
 Pbr. : other ships t.ing aluntt tn catch 
 the chojiping winds, aliae (naves) ad lii- 
 certos ventos hinc atque illinc oMiqua 
 transferentes vela, Llv. 26, {9. ad fm. -. 
 and with one accord they t.Jhst to star- 
 board, and then to larboard, pariterque 
 siiiistros nunc dextros solvere sinus, 
 Virg. Aen. ?. 8 to: to sail on the star- 
 board t., obliquare laevo pede carbasa, 
 Luc. 5,428. Fig. to sail on a dif- 
 feretU t., mutare veliflcationem, Cic. 
 Fam. I. 9. 21. 
 
 tack (subs.): I. A small nail: 
 
 clavulus : t.s with large heads, c. capitati, 
 Varr. K. R 2, 9, 15. ||. A rope which 
 secures the lower comer of a sail : pes, 
 pedis, m. : Clc. de Or. }, 40. 159. 
 
 tackle (''.)•• (used only in common 
 langiiagiO : perh. obviam ire, obslstere 
 (alicui), PI. Most, t, l, 8 Amph. j. 4. 2. 
 
 tackle, tackling (w**" ) •• 1. ««•- 
 
 phrase natural! quodain bono occurs in 
 Nep. Thras. i, }. in the sen>eofac«T- 
 tain natural t. : but in ClcCael. 5, 11, it 
 means an innate jyrinciple of goodness.] 
 tactics : expr. by ordo, inis. m. (mili- 
 tary anangement, discipline) : or by 
 res militaris (aU that has to do irith the 
 art of war) : he introduced many changes 
 in t., some of ivhich were noixUies, some 
 improvements, nmlta in re milltati p«r- 
 tlni nova attulit I>artlm mellora fecit 
 Nep. Iphic. 1,1 : as the principles and 
 method of t. required, ut r. m. ratio 
 atque ordo postulabat. Caes. B.G. I, 22: 
 cf. 2, 19. As the title of a work, " I>e 
 Ke Militari" (Vegetlus) = " On ts": 
 he speaks of tj as armorum disciplina, i, 
 praef. • also belli, bellandi ratio: Caeaar 
 thought that he must u-liolty change his 
 t., Caesar onmem sibi cummutaiidaiB 
 belli rationem existimavit Caes. B. C J, 
 7}, init. : in a new kind of uarfare new 
 t. were invented, in novo genciv belli 
 novae Ixllaiull rationes re|)eriel>aiitur, 
 ib. }, 50 : the whole science of t., omiies 
 belli, militiae. artJ-s, Liv. 2>. 40. ad m4d. ; 
 id. ?5. J7. ad intt. : tJ. ars bellica, PL 
 Epid. J, 4, 14 : military training had 
 assumed the form or a science (i. e., t.) 
 regulated ty settled principl'S. discl- 
 pfina militaris in artis prrp-tiiis prae- 
 ceptis ordlUiUe modum venerat Liv. o, 
 17, ad med. Fig. : if these t. shall 
 seem hazardous to you. si bare rei ge- 
 rendae ratio periculoea tibi videbltur, 
 Cic. Fan). 1, 7, 6. 
 
 tactician : a t., rei militaris peritiis, 
 Cic. Fam. 9. 25, init. : a consummate t 
 successful rather in battles than tn ranv, 
 paigns. unlcus bellandi artifex, magisqoe 
 in praelio quam in bello l>onus (said or 
 819
 
 TADPO L,E 
 
 TAKE 
 
 TAKE 
 
 Pyrrhus), Llv. Fragm. in Fulda MS. of 
 Servius. Aen. I : Veget. Milit. ?, praef. 
 says "magistri annorum, quos tacticos 
 appellaverunt : " (sc. the Gieeks). 
 
 tadpole : 1. ranunculus, Cic. : 
 
 ranula, App. 2. gyrinus, Plin. 9, 51, 
 74. (Tbe gyrinus of modern naturalists 
 is a water beetle.) 
 
 taffeta : *taffata (Ducange) • pannus 
 sericus (Kr.). 
 
 tag (subs.) : nearest word acus, which 
 is used for the pin of a buclile in Treb. 
 Poll. Claud. 14, 5. 
 
 tag («■).• to put a tag to, perh. *acu 
 aliquid praeflgere : to tag after aperson, 
 subsequor, ciitus, j : Cic. : Dryden's 
 " tags every sentence with some fawn- 
 ing word " may be comp. with succinit 
 alter, Hor. Ep. i, l•^, 48. 
 
 tag-rag: 1. qmaqumaie, pi. (sweep, 
 ings, refuse), the t.-r. of the faction of 
 Clodius, q.seditionisClodianae, Cic. Sest. 
 4J, 94 : V. REFUSE. 2. faex, cis, /. 
 (the dregs) : among the Unvest and vilest 
 t.-r., apud perditissimam atque infimam 
 faecem populi, Cic. Q. Fr. 7, 4, 5. 3. 
 coUuvio (a motley gathering ; later form, 
 coUuvies, Tac.) : in the t.-r. that fol- 
 lowed Drusui, in colluvione Dnisi. Cic. 
 Vatin. 9, 2 J. 4. s^ntinsi (tnlge-uater) : 
 the t.-r. of the city, b. urbis, Llv. 24, 29 : 
 Gc 
 
 tail; I, Lit.: Cauda: a horse's t, 
 c. equina, Hor. Ep. 2, i, 45 : a t. of hair, 
 
 0. setosa, Plin. 11, 50, iii (q. v.) : a fea- 
 thered t., pinnata c, Attius in Cic. Tnsc. 
 2, 10, 24: of the peacock, to unfold its 
 jewelled t., gemmeam, pictam, c. expli- 
 care, Phaedr. j, 18, 8; Hor. S. 2, 2, 
 26 : the tip of the t., ultima c, Plin. 9, 
 5, 4: the t. shows the temper of lions, 
 leonuni animi index est c, id. 8, 16, 
 19 : to lash the sides vHth the t., caedere 
 terga Cauda, Catul. 6?, 81 : to wag the t. 
 gently, leniter atterere c, Hor. Od. 2, 19. 
 }o : clementer (Icindly) et blande movere, 
 Gell. 5, 14 : c.jaclareffig,, to faun upon, 
 of. adiilor). Pers. 4, 15, to go with the t. 
 between the legs, c. sub alvum reflectere, 
 Plin. II, ;o, III : to cut off the t., c. am- 
 putare, ib. : to crop puppies' t.s, c. catu- 
 lorum castrare. Col. "j, 12, 14. Phr. : 
 neither head nor t., nee aiput nee pedes, 
 Cic. Fani. "7, ii, 2: nee pes nee caput, 
 Hor. A. P. 8 : nee caput nee pes, PI. Asin. 
 J, ?, I J9 : com. ; " to grow backwards, 
 like a calf's t.". retroversus crescere, 
 tanquam c. vituli, Petr. 44, 12. [N.B. — 
 Tbe older word was penis: cf. Cic. Fam. 
 9, 22, 2.] II. Fig.: of a plough: 
 bviris, is, im, m. (biira, Varr.) : Virg. G. 
 
 1, I^o: of a comet, crines, to. ; comae: 
 also barba, juba, Plin. 2, 24, 22 (q. v.) : 
 V. COM ET : of a crowd : expr. by ex- 
 tremus, ultimus : despising him wlio 
 foUows with the t,, temnens e.\tremos 
 inter euntem. Hot. S. 1, 1, 116: see ekd, 
 LAST : of a garment, peniculamentum : 
 
 V. TRAIN. 
 
 tailless : * sine cauda : to be t., c. 
 carere. 
 
 tailor : 1. vestitor (a maker of 
 clothes) : fulla's. t.s, and painters, ful- 
 lones, et v., et pictores, Lampr. Alex. 
 Sev. 41, J. 2. vestif icus,/. -a : Inscr. : 
 also vestlfex, Inscr. 3. vestiarius ne- 
 gotiator (a dealer in clothes, merchant 
 t.): Scaev. l>ig. ;8, 1,45: so vestiarius 
 alone, Ulp. Dig. 14, j, 5 : vestiarius tenu- 
 arius, Inscr., seems to denote a maker of 
 thin cUilhes 4. e.xpr. sometimes by 
 textor (wearer), since garments were 
 woven : and by the help of the t. apes 
 the scanty garb of Cato, exiguaeque 
 togae simulet texlore Catoneni, Hor. Ep. 
 I, 19, I J. 5. sartor (prop, a mender of 
 old clothes): Nnn. 7, 28: a common 
 word for t. in Mediaeval L. : v. Ou- 
 cange. Phr.: to be. a t., * vestificinam 
 exercere (Kr.) : to keep a t.'s shop (for 
 the sale of ready-made clothes'), offlcinam 
 promercalium vestium exercere. Suet. 
 Gram, ij the t. makes the man, *vestis 
 fecit virum, Erasm. : (cf. stultissimus 
 est qui huminem aut ex veste, aut 
 ex coTidiiione quae vestis modo nobis 
 rircumdata est aestimat. Sen. Ep. 47, 
 rt)). 
 
 830 
 
 tailor-bird : * motacilla sartorius, 
 Linn. 
 
 tailoring : vestificlna, Tert. Pall, j, 
 ad fin. (where some interpret it clothes- 
 shop) : the art of t., * ars vesles faciendi 
 (Kr.). 
 
 taint (''.) •■ 1. iiificio, feci, fectum, 
 i (to t. by admixture) : to t. the pastur- 
 age icith infection, i. pabula tabo, Virg. 
 G. i, 481 honey very little t.'d with the 
 flavour of leaves, mel minime fronde 
 infectum, Plin. 11, IJ, IJ. Fig.: the 
 whole state is nont to be t.'d tdth the 
 vices of its chief men, vitiis priucipum 
 infici solet tota civitas. Cic. Leg. j, ij, 
 JO. 2. imbuo, ui, utum, j (to t. by 
 immersion : esp. common in pews, part.) : 
 a gift t.'d with poison, tabo munus im- 
 biitum, Hor. Epod. 5, 65. Fig. : a 
 mind t.'d fry evil practices, animus irn- 
 butus malis artibus. Sail. Cat. i?. ad 
 fin.: t.'d uith superstition, snpersUtlone 
 imbutus, Cic. Fin. i, 18, 60. Join: 
 imbuti et infecti, Liv. 40, 11. 3. ^"5- 
 tio, I (to render impure or faulty) : the 
 bone is t.'d, os vitiatur, Cels. 8, 2, init. : 
 the breezes are t.'d by the smell, vitiantur 
 oiioribus aurae, Ov. M. 7, 548: to eat a 
 t.'d boar, vitiatum (aprum) consumere, 
 Hor. Sat. 2, 2, Ql : a stomach t.'d by dis- 
 ease, stomachus morbo vitiaius. Sen. 
 Ben. 5, 12, 6. 4. pra^vitio, I (to t. be- 
 forehand) : this gulf the goddess t.s 
 beforehand, and pMutes with marvel- 
 lous drugs, hunc (gurgitem) dea prae- 
 vitiat. portentificisque venenis inquinat, 
 Ov. M 14, 55. 5. contamino, 1 (to t. 
 by contact) : a t.'d breath, contaminatus 
 spiritus, Cic. Pis. 9, 20. Fig.: the 
 senate thought their blood was being t.'d, 
 conlaminari sanguinem suum patres re- 
 bantur, Liv. 4, i, cui init. 6. inquino, 
 1 (to poUute : a weaker word than in- 
 f/M) : water t.'d by corpses, aqua cada- 
 veribus inquinata, Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 97. 
 Fig.: to t.a man's reputation, i. fimam, 
 Liv. 29, J7 : we are not slightly t.'d, but 
 thoroughly impregnated (uith vice), uon 
 inquinati sumus, sed infecti. Sen. Ep. 59, 
 9. 7. corrumpo, rupi, ruptum, j (to 
 spoil, corrupt) : the fish is t.'d, pisces 
 corrumpuntur, Ter. Ad. j, j, 67 : a 
 region of the air being t.'d, corrupto 
 coeli tractu, Virg. Aen. }, Ij8 : Cic. 
 Phr.: a tumid and swollen limb is t.'d, 
 membrum tumidum et turgidiim vitiose 
 se habet, Cic. Tusc. }, 9, 19: to t. tis 
 with vice unawares, nobis vitium nesci- 
 entibus allinere. Sen. Ep. 7, 2. 
 
 taint (subs.) : 1. contagio (prop. 
 touch : hence, t. conveyed by touch) : to 
 bring the t. (of a disease) into a country, 
 c. importare, Plin. 76, 2, ? : to weaken 
 the rest by the t., contagione ceteros labe- 
 facere. Col. 6, 5, i. Fig.: the t. of that 
 guUt is more icidely spread, latius patet 
 illius sceleris c, Cic. Mur. 37, 78 : the t. 
 of superstition, c. superstitionis, Plin. 
 Ep. 10, 97, ad fin. : to preserve their dis- 
 position pure and undefiled from the t. 
 of the neighbouring people, ingenium 
 sincerum integnimqne a contagione ac- 
 colarum servare, Liv. ;•}, 54. 2. con- 
 tactus, lis (syu. of preced.) : Liv. : Tac. 
 3, contagium (mostly poet. : usu. 
 in pi.) : the evil t. of the neighbouring 
 cattle, mala vicini pecoris contagia, Virg. 
 E. I, 50. F i g. : the t. of crime, scelerum 
 c, Lucan ?, ?22. 4. vitium (a b/^niisA, 
 fault) : it is plain that the t. passed into 
 the springs, constat in fontes v. venisse, 
 Ov. M. 7, 51? : the dying herbage thirsts 
 by reason of the t. in the air, vilio mor- 
 iens sitit aeris herba, Virg. E. 7, 57. 
 
 tainted (part, and adj.): v. to 
 TAiKT : the t. air, aer non sanus, Lucan 
 7, 8 JO. Of meat! rancidus: a t. boar, 
 r. aper, Hor. Sat. 2, 2, 89: slightly t. 
 meat, caro subrancida, Cic. Pis. 27, 67 : 
 rancidula obsonia, Juv. 11, 1J4. 
 
 takfi : A. T r a n s. : \. To lay 
 hold of, get possession of: 1. cipio, 
 cepi, captum, ; (in nearly all senses of 
 the Eng. word) : t. stones in your hand, 
 cape saxa manu, Virg. G. }, 420: to t. 
 food, c. cibum, SaU. J. 91 : to t. cups of 
 strong drink, c. acria pocula, Hor. Sat 
 2, 6, 69 ; to t.a stag, cervum c, Phaedr. 
 
 I, 5, 5 : nor have I t.n a single ouwce 
 of fish to day. neque piscium uUam nn- 
 ciam hodie pondo cepi, PL Rud. 4, 2, 8 : 
 to t. a town, oppidum c. Sail. J. 92 : to 
 t. tribute by right of war, c. stipendinm 
 jure belli, Caes. B. G. i, 44 : thieves 
 change the marks of the things they have 
 t.n, fures earum rerum quas ceperunt, 
 signa commutant, Cic. Fin. 5, 2?. 74: to 
 t. moneys illegally, contra leges pecunias 
 c, id. Verr. 2, i, 4, } 10: to t. arms, c. 
 anna, Caes. B. C. j, 11. Fig. : to <. its 
 name from the disaster of the Roman 
 people, ex calamitate populi Romani 
 nomen c, id. B. G. i, u, ad fin. : a desire 
 of asceruiing to the top of the mountain 
 had t.n possession of him, cupido eum 
 ceperat in verticem montis ascendendi, 
 Liv. 40, 21, cut init.: the flower t.s the 
 shape which lilies t, flos capit formam 
 quam lilia, Ov. M. 10, 212 captive 
 Grefce took prisoner her fierce conqueror, 
 Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit, Hor. 
 Ep. 2, I, 156 : t.n by the stceetness of her 
 voice, captus dulcedine vocis, Ov. M. I, 
 709 : to fee t.n captive by pleasure, volup- 
 tate capi, Cic. Off. i, jo, 10;. [N.B.— 
 The foil. phr. should be noted : to t. 
 counsel, c. consilium, Caes. B. G. 7, 10 : 
 to t. a dislike to, c. odium (with gen.), 
 Ter. Hec. 2, i, 22 : to t. flight, c. fugam, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 26 : that the state may t. 
 no harm, ne quid detrimenti respublica 
 capiat. Formula in Cic. : Caes. : to t. the 
 opportunity, c. occasionem, PI. Ps. 4, J, 
 6: to t. pattern by, c. exemplum (de 
 aliquo), Ter. Andr. 4, i, 27 ; to t. pity 
 upon, c. misericordiam (with yen.), Cia 
 Quint, ji, 97 : to t. pleasure, c. volup- 
 tatem (quod), id. Plane, ad init. : laeti- 
 tiam (ex aliquo), id. Att. 4, 18, ad fin.: 
 c. gaudium, Plin. Ep. 6, 11, ad fin. : to t. 
 rest, c. quietem, Caes. B. G. 6, 27 : to t. 
 sleep, c. somnum, PI. Mil. j, i, 114: to t. 
 xcarning by, c. documentum (ex aliquo), 
 Cic. Ph'iL "11, 2, 5.] 2. sumo, mpsi, 
 mptuni, } (prop, to t. up, t. what lies be- 
 fore one, choose, assume) : to t.a cudgel, 
 fustem s., PI Am. i, i, 205 : to t. into 
 one's hands, in manus s., Cic. Tusc. 2, j, 
 8: to t. bread, s. panem. Suet. Aug. 77 : 
 to t. a light from a light, lumen de lu- 
 mine s., Ov. A. A. ?, 9? : to t. provisiont 
 for ttvo days, alimenta in biduum s.. 
 Curt. 7, II, 14: to t. money on loan, 
 pecuniam mutuam s., Cic. Flac. 20, 46: 
 to t. the toga virilis, s. togam virilem, id. 
 Am. I, I (see Diet Ant.) : to t. the dia- 
 dem, s. diadema. Suet. Cal. 22 : to t. 
 arms, s. arma, Quint 5, 10, 71. Fig.: 
 to (. courage, s. animum, Ov. Fast i, 
 147 : to t. pleasure, s. gaudium, id. P.. 
 Am. 401 : to t. as a certainty, s. pro 
 certo, pro non dubio, Cic Uiv. 2, ;o. 104 ; 
 Liv. J9, 28 : let us t.a ma,n (as an in' 
 stance), sumatur nobis vir, Cic. Tusc. 5, 
 24, 68 : t.a theme equal to your poners, 
 sumite materiam aequam viribus, Hor. 
 A. P. j8 : words t.n from common life, 
 verba de medio sumpta, Cic. Or. 49, i6j : 
 
 V. TAKE DP, CHOOSE, ASSUME. 3. Pre- 
 
 hendo, (prendo), di, sum, j (to grasp) : 
 to t. by the ears, p. auriculis, PI. As. J, 
 ?, 78 : to t. one by the hand, p. aliquem 
 manu, Cic de Or. i, 56, 240: to t. in the 
 act of theft, p. in furto, PI. As. J, 2, 17 ; 
 manifesto furto, Gell. 11, 18: t.n by a 
 storm on the Aegaean sea, prensus in 
 Aegaeo, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 2 : also in freq. 
 form, prghenso (prenso) : v. grasp. 
 
 4. rapio, pui, ptum, J (to t. hur- 
 riedly) : to t. a firebrand from the 
 altars, r. torrem ab aris, Ov. M. 12, 271. 
 Fig: to t. camps and toums at the first 
 onset, castra urbesque primo impetu r., 
 Liv. 6, 2 J (a very strong expr.) : tot. the 
 opportunity, r. occasionem, Juv. 15, }<): 
 V. SEIZE, SNATCH. 5. c^pesso, ivi 
 
 (rarely ii), Itum, j (to lay hold of with 
 eagerness and zeal : stronger than ca- 
 pio): to t. food u-ith the teeth, cibum 
 dentibus c, Cic. N. D. 2. 47, 122 : to t. 
 arms, c. arma, Virg. Aen. }, 2J4. Ftg. : 
 to t. to flight, c. fugam, Liv. i, 25, ad 
 med. : to t. part in the war, c. partem 
 belli, id. ji, 28 ■ to t. the iupretne com- 
 mandL, c. imperlum, Tac. Ann. 14, 26. 
 
 6. occupo, I (to t. possession of)
 
 TAKE 
 
 TAKE 
 
 TAKE AWAY 
 
 to t. the supreme power, o. imperium, 
 Cic. Am. 12, 41 : cilits easij to be t.n, op- 
 portunae ad occupaiuiuoi urljes, Liv. a, 
 11. Fig.: "plague t. the kindmust," 
 occupet extreraum scabies, Hor. A. P. 
 417: he more justly t.s the namf. of 
 happy, rectius octupat nonieti beati. id. 
 Od. 4, 9, 46 : so grtot superstition took 
 hold of their minds, tanta supcrstitio 
 mentes occupavit, Cic. Verr. 4, ;i, 11? ■ 
 lest laughter t. the place of luUred, ne 
 odii locum risus occupet, id. Or. 26, 88. 
 7, comprelieiulo (coinprendo), di, 
 gam, } (to lay hold of, grasp) : the for- 
 ceps t.s hold of Die tiMth, forceps dciilem 
 comprebendit, Cels. 7, 12, I: wliai is 
 the use of hands, if itothing is to be t.n 
 hold off quid opus est niaiiibus. si ni- 
 hil est comprebeiidendum ? Cic. N. I). I, 
 }}, 92 : he took the man and delivered 
 him into safe custody, is hominera com- 
 prebendit, et in custodiam tradidit, id. 
 Q. Fr. I, 2, 4, 14 : hired vehicles being 
 t.n for conveyance, comprehensis ad de- 
 portandum meritoriis, Suet. Cal. 59 : the 
 cottages took fire, casae ignem conipre- 
 henderunt, Caes. B. G. 5, 4? . to t. some 
 one from the crowd of elders, ex senior- 
 um turba c. aliquem. Sen. Brev. Vit. j : 
 to t. thieves, c. fures, Catul. 62, 55. 8. 
 accipio, cepi, ceptum, j (to /. to oneself, 
 esp. what is offered) : what he gives ue 
 t.. quod dat accipiuius, Cic. Fam. I, l, 2 : 
 the stomach t.s food, stomachus accipit 
 cibos, Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 6: to t. to one's 
 tMSom, a. gremio, Virg. Aen. i, 68; to 
 t. money, a. pecuuiam, Cic. Off. 2, 2J, 82 . 
 to t.a name, a. nomen, I'lin. Kp. 5, 21, 
 ixtr.: to t. another colour, co\oreni ali- 
 enum a., Plin. 11, }8, 91. Fig.: to t. 
 an excuse, a. e.\cusationem, Cic. Fam. 2. 
 14: to t.as an omen,^ omen (wiih ace.), 
 id. Div. I, 46, 10? : J t. you at your word, 
 nccipio, Hor. SaL i, 5, 58: v. RKCErvE. 
 
 9. assiimo, mpsi, niptuiii, lito I. in 
 addition, adopt) : to t. meat, apples, car- 
 nem, poma a., Cels. 1, j, ad Jin. : he t.s 
 to himself what he has t.n from another, 
 id quod alteri detraxerit, sibi assumit, 
 Cic. Ofi. J, 5, 2j . to t. into one's counsels, 
 a. in consilium, Plin. F^i. }, 19: the rites 
 of Ceres had been t.n from Creece, sacra 
 Cereris essent assunipta de Graecia, Cic. 
 Balb. 24, 5; : / even t. in addition some 
 part of the night, aliquAntum jam etiam 
 noctis assumo, id. Fam. 7, 25. extr. 
 
 10. arripio, ripui, reptum, j (to t. 
 to oneself vith eagerness in- haste) : hav- 
 ing t.n my hand, arrepta manu, Hor. 
 Sat. I, 9, 4: to t. one's hat, a. pileum, 
 Suet. Ner. 26 : to t. round the vaist, 
 medium a., Liv. i, 48. Fig.: to t. an 
 opportunity of injuring, a. tacultatem 
 laedendi, Cic. Flac. 8, 18 : to t. advantage 
 of an obstacle, impedimentuni pro oc- 
 casione a., Liv. }, J5 : voice and gesture 
 cannot be suddenl y adopted and t.n from 
 some other quarttr, vox et gestus subilo 
 oumi. et aliunde arripi non potest, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 59, 252: uhatever head of a 
 family you might have t.n, he would 
 have given the same answer, quemcun- 
 que patremfamilias arripuissetis, eadem 
 respondisset, id. i, J4, 159. 11. ap- 
 prehendo (poet, apprendo), di, sum, } 
 {to seize): to t. hold of by the cloak, i\. 
 pallio, Ter. Ph. 5, 6. 2J : vines t. hold of 
 the props with their tendrils, as with 
 hamis, vites sic claviculis adminicula 
 tanquam manibus apprehenduiit, Cic. 
 N. 1 1. 2, 47, 120. Fig.: whatever I had 
 t.n hold of the accuser imim^diaiely 
 wrested out of my hands, quidquid ap- 
 prebenderam siatim accusator extorque- 
 bat e manibus, id. Clu. 19. 52: v. seizk. 
 
 12, deprelienilo (deprendo), di, sum, 
 } (to catch, overtake, detect) : to 6e t.n in 
 adultery, in adulti^rio deprehendi, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 68, 27; : to t. a quantity (f 
 shielilsand swords, scuturuni, gladioruni 
 xiultitudinem d., Cic. Mil. 24, 64 : those 
 who are t.n unawares exhibit their bash- 
 fulness by some absurd remark, depre- 
 hensi pudorem suum ridicule aliquo ex- 
 pUcant, Quint. 6, }, loo: the south wind 
 tj the I'essel on the sea, ausier deprendit 
 in aequore navim, Ov. M. 11, 66} : v. 
 oiTCu. 13. exciplo, cepi, ceptum, j 
 
 (to capture, receive): to t. anything in 
 wine, aliquld vino e., Cels. 5, 2;, 5 (med. 
 \t. t.): the attendants t. him in their 
 hands, ministri manu (eum) exciplunt. 
 Curt. J, 5, 4 : to (. a buck in a Snare, e. 
 caprum insidiis, Viri;. E. j, 18: Uiey t. 
 many scattered fugitives, iwilloi ex fuga 
 di>persos excipiunt, Caes. B. G. 6, JJ : 
 V. CAPTIVE. 14. conciplo, cepi, cep- 
 ' tum, J (to t. to oneself) : the earth t.s 
 their falling tears, terra caducas coii- 
 cepit lacrimas, Ov. M. 6, jqi : to t. the 
 I medicine into one's veins, mf^icament- 
 um venis c. Curt. }, 6, 11 : to t. fire. c. 
 ■ flamniam, Caes. B. C. 2, 14 inni-m, Cic. 
 1 de Or. 2, 45, 190. 15. rCcipio, cepi, 
 ceptum, J (prop, to t. back) . the horse 
 took the bridle, equus frenum recepit, 
 Hor. Kp. t, 10, 56. Phr. : tot.theairon 
 a sunny terrace, aggere In aprico spatiari, 
 id. Sat. I, 8. 15: cf. Sen. Tranq. 17, 3 : 
 to t. breath, coUigere spiritum, Qunit. 
 11, ?. 51: to t. poison intended for an- 
 other, venenum intercipere, Cic. Clu. 6d, 
 166: to t. (= drink) a cup, tangere 
 callcem, PI. Mil. j, 2, lo: to t.food with 
 the fingers, carpere cibum digltis, Ov. 
 A. A. }, 755 : to t. a>ld. frigus coUigere, 
 Hor. Ep. I, II, I? : to be t.n with fever, 
 febre corripi, Plin. 7, 51, 52: to t. a 
 colour (in dyeing), colorem bibere, id. 8, 
 48, 7}, ad fin. : to t. leave, Jubere valere, 
 Cic. Att. '5, 2, ad med. : to t. an oath, 
 sacramentum dicere, Caes. B. C. i, 2j, 
 ad fin. : to t. pains, operam et lalxjrem 
 consumere (in aliqua re), Cic. de Or. i, 
 55, 2J4: to t. nuiveable to'iers to pieces, 
 turres ambulatorias dissolvere, Vitr. 10, 
 I J, } : to t. a proposition to pieces, rem 
 quasi in membra discerpere, Cic. Top. 5, 
 28 : to t. pUue, V. HAPPEN to t. rest, 
 sleep, carpere quietem, soporeni, Virg. 
 Aen. 7, 414; 4. 522: to t. root, radices 
 agere, Ov. R. Am. 106: to t. a fort by 
 storm, castellum expugnare, Caes. B. G. 
 2. 9' to t. a snack, gustare, Cic. .Mur. 
 {;, 74: to t. a taste, tangere saporem, 
 Ov. F ;, 745 : to t. a view over the 
 sea, prospectum pelago (dat.) petere, 
 Virg. Aen. I, iSi . to t. mie's way, car- 
 pere viiim. id. Aen. 6, 629 : to t. one's 
 last journey, cirpere supremum iter, 
 Hor. Od. 2, 17, 12. [N.B.- It may often 
 be translated by the verb nearest in sense 
 to the ace. that follows it : as, to t. care, 
 curare . to t. 1 efuge, refugere : to t. of- 
 fence, offendi, etc.] ||, To fetch, con- 
 dw:l : duco, xi, ctum, } : to t. the rest 
 irith him as hostages, reliquos obsidum 
 loco secum d.,Caes. B. G. 5, 5 : you could 
 have t.n me to your home, in vestras 
 potuisti ducere sedes, Catul. 64, 160 ■ 1 
 will ask him about t.ing water through 
 his estate, de aqua per fundum ejus du- 
 cenda rogabo, Cic. Q. Fr. j, i, 2, 4. 
 The foil. phr. should be noted : to t. 
 in tnarriage. d., (.said of the man), v. 
 MARRV : to t.a name, d. nomen, id. Acad. 
 I, II, 41 ; to t. a lieginning from, d. 
 principium, exordium (ab aliquo), id. 
 N. D. 2, 21, 57: to t. breath {=live), 
 d. spiritum, id. Fam. 10, i, i : to t. 
 ( = drink) cups nf wine, d. poi uhi, Hor. 
 Od. I, 17, 22 : to i. o form, d. lormam, 
 Ov. M. 1, 402 : v. LEAD, i,ONuncT • he 
 t.s no account of his own profit in any 
 way. non ullius rationem sui comraodi 
 ducit, Cic. Rose. Am. 44, 128. \\\. To 
 regard, consider: 1. accfpio, cepi, 
 ceptum, J (with ad or in with ace. : also 
 with an adv. or an abl.): to 1. in good 
 part, in bonam partem a., Cic. Att 11, 
 7, ad fin. : to t. iilhcrn-ise than is in- 
 tended, in aliam partem ac dictum sit a., 
 Auct. Her. 2, 26, 40 : to t. a kindness as 
 an insult, a. boneticium in coniumeliam, 
 Cic. Att. 15, II, ad init.: these things 
 must be t.n in afriendly spirit when they 
 are done vHtli a hijid intentimi, hacc 
 accipienda amice cum benevole tiunt, id. 
 .\m. 24, 88 : to t. a thing as a joke, per 
 jocum a., id. Fam. 4, 4. 1 : so that J care 
 less hoxo you t. it, ut quam In partem 
 accipias minus laborem, id Fam. j, 7, 
 6 : / am trying how you will t. it, 
 tento te quo ani mo accipias, id. Fam. i;, 
 16, J: Uir tiord " adversus," is some- 
 times t.n indifferently, adversus Inter- 
 
 I dum promiscue accipitur, Cbaris. p. 207 
 (gram. t. t.) : v. ojxsidkr, mew. 3, 
 
 I interprftor, i (Jto put a construction up- 
 on) : to t. in a t>ad sense wluU n as said 
 
 I in a good one, bene dicta mali- i., Cic 
 N. U. i, 11, 77 : to t. in a milder point 
 o/"uiew.', inmiliorem part-m I., id Mur. 
 }1, 64 : consider wliether I t. this opinion 
 in the right light, animadverts rectene 
 banc sententiam interpreltr. Id. Fin. 2, 
 7, 20. Phr. . to (. oi a certainty, pro 
 cerlo ponere, Liv. 10, 9, ad fin. : to t at 
 right and fair, a«-qui boni lac»Te, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 7 : to t. in earnest uhit vxu said 
 171 joke, quod dictum est [ter jotum id 
 
 I serlo praevertere, PL Am. j, 1, 59 
 
 ' (K. and A.). |y. To put up with : 
 
 I 1, accipio, c6pi, cepium, ? : to t. an 
 
 insult, a. coniumeliam, Caes. B. G. 7. 10: 
 
 ' contumeliam in se a., I'er. Kuil 4, 7. 1. 
 2. expr. by fCro, tiill, latum, }. with 
 adv. : to t. easily, leviter t, Cic. y. Fr j, 
 9, I : to t. ill, moU-ste f., id. Am. 24. 
 90 : to t. misfortunes to heart, cd.'.ut- 
 graviter f, id. Fam. 5, 16, 2 : to I. with 
 equanimity, aequo animo f, id. de Or. 
 
 2. }i, 144: V. PUT OP WITH, E.NDCRK. 
 V. postulo. I ; V. REQL'IUE. VI. 
 
 conduce, xi, ctum, j: v. hike. B. 
 In trans. : |, To move in any direc- 
 tion: expr. by conferre se : v. utrrAKE 
 ONESELF to; Or, simply, to go. P h r. : 
 to t. to some quiet pursuit, in siiidium 
 aliquod quietum se tradere. Cic. Inv. i, 
 J, 4 : to t. wholly to pleasure, vuluptr-ti 
 se lotum tradere, id. Am. 2;, 86: (to (. 
 to public life, ad rempublicam se con- 
 ferre, id. ib.): to t. to the ships, naves 
 petere, Nep. Milt. ;, 5 : a misfortune 
 lias made you t. to your bed, catius lecto 
 te afflxit, Hor. Sat. i, 1, 81. ||. To 
 produce a result : expr. by the C'ln- 
 text, or by a phr. : a remedy that l s 
 irell, praesens auxilium, Virg. G. 2, 127: 
 Plin. ; to try on a slave whether the 
 poison would t., vim veneiii in .servo ex- 
 periri, Cic. Coel. 24, 58 : v. opkratb, 
 WORK. Ill, To be succes.'ful : v. tuc- 
 CEEi), attract: of plays and actort, 
 stare : when a new play took, cum stetit 
 nova (fabula). Ter. Ph. prol. 9 : of an 
 cu^tur or uriter, id. Hec. proL 2, 7 ; Hor. 
 S. I, 10, 17. 
 take across : transduco, xi, cttun, j: 
 
 lead ACRl>^.-. 
 
 after : simllem esse : V. B^- 
 
 SEMBLE. 
 
 again, up again, or back: 
 
 1, rficipio, cepi, cepium, i (to get 
 
 back, recover) : J should never have Ln 
 Tarentum again, unless you had lost it, 
 nuiiquam Tarentum receplssem, nisi ta 
 perdidisses, Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 27 j: tot. 
 the standanls again, r. ?igna. Suet. 
 Tib. 9: V. RECOVER. 2, rfcumo. 
 
 mpsi, mptum, ? (to t. up again) : she tj 
 up again the tablets she had lai-i down, 
 positas resumit tabellas, Ov. M. o, 525: 
 to t. up again quickly the sta'f lie had 
 let fall, eUpsum baculum cii<' r., Sueu 
 Ner. 24 : to t. again the family name, 
 nomen gentile r., id. ib. 41 : to t. an <«UA 
 again, r. siiciameiiium. Tac H. 4, 17. 
 3. rtSdhiKo, no pert'.. Hum, 2 {.mer- 
 cantile t. t. of a seller, to t. back goods 
 sold) : he said that he wouUi t. her back, 
 di.xit se redhibere (sc. anciilam), PL 
 Merc. 2, }, 8j . the noun is reiiliibillo, 
 cf. Gell.4, 2. 4. retracto. I (to/.A«M 
 of again) : to t. up the sin/rd again, 
 ferriim r., Viri:. Aen. 7. 694: to (. up 
 again the dirge-likr strains of .s'imon- 
 iiies, Ceae r. muii' ra naeiiiae, Hor. Od. 2, 
 I, 58. Phr.: to t. a wije again, ujt- 
 orem rursus assumere, Tac. A. 12, 2: to 
 t. Itack those exprnsions, reiexere ilU 
 dicta, Cic. Fin. 5, J 8. 84- 
 
 - away, take from: 1. 
 adimo, cmi. enipumi. ! (to t. away 
 wholly: usiL of >.ix.k1 things: pocL also 
 of persons renunxd by death : oonstr, 
 with ace, or ace. and dat.) : to t. aioay 
 arms from the soldiers, arma militibas 
 a.. Liv. 12, 44 : if fortune has t.n oway 
 ivealth from any man, or if the uTong 
 d'Oling of some one has nJ>l>ed him of 
 it. p<'cuniam si cuipi:uii furtiina ademlt, 
 am si alici^jus eripuil iiJuna,C'ic.yuint. 
 
 871
 
 TAKE AWAX 
 
 TAKE DOWN 
 
 TAKE IN, INTO 
 
 i;, 49: to t. away hope, spem a., id. 
 Manil. 12, }5 ■ to t. away freedom, a. 
 libertatem, id. Caecin. J4, 99 : to t. avay 
 sleep, somnum a., id. Att. 2, i6, ad init. .- 
 to t. auay life, a. vitam, id. Plane. 42, 
 loi : to t. away the fatneit bulvar/c 
 from thestate,si. firmissinium praesidium 
 reipublicae, id. Phil. 10, 4, 9 : a!as, 
 brother! t.n away from jti^ {by deaVi), 
 heu frater adempte mihi, Catul. loi, 6; 
 Hor. Od. 2, 4, 10. 2. demo, mpsi, 
 mptum, J {to t. down : esp. to t. away a 
 part) : to t. away the golden beard {of 
 an ivMye), auream barbam d., Cic. N. U. 
 J, J4, 8} : grease t.n from a fleece, tiempt- 
 vs a vellere ssiicus, Ov. A. A. j, 214: to 
 t. away a part from the entire day, par- 
 tem solldo d. de die, Hor. Od. i, i, 20: 
 to t. away anxiety, d. sollicitudinem, 
 Cic. Att. II, 15, ad fin.; Virg. Aen. 8, 
 i$ : to. t. away all fear, d. omnem me- 
 tum, Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 18. 3. aufero, 
 abstuli, ablaturn, j (to cairy away : esp. 
 freq. of violent acts) : to t. away money, 
 numnios a., Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14 : to t. away 
 the dung from the door, stercus ab janua 
 a., PI. As. 2, 4, 1 8 ; to t. away the statues 
 from the chapel, signa de sacrario a., 
 Cic. Verr. 4, j, ■] : ye liave t.n away from 
 me so pretty a sparron; tarn bellum mi- 
 hi passerem abstulistis, Catul. j, 15 : to 
 t. away the command, a. imperium, Liv. 
 3, 67 : t. yourself away home, aufer te 
 domum, PI. As. 2, 4, 6j : to t. away sleep, 
 somnos a., Hor. Od. 2, 16, 16 : to (. away 
 hope, spem a., Cic. Off. j, 2, 10. Join: 
 auferre et abducere, Auct. in Cic. Quint. 
 27, 84 : it robs the action of its painful- 
 tiess, t.s away the human feelings of the 
 actor, and utterly does away with truth 
 and fidelity, detrahit actionis dolorem, 
 aufeft humanum sensum actoris, tollit 
 funditus veritatem et fidem, Cic. Or. 62, 
 209. 4. tollo, sustuli, sublatum, j 
 (to t. up) : t. aicay these cobwebs, toUe I 
 haec aranea, Phaedr. 2, 8, 2} : to t. away 
 com from the threshing-flvor,fTnm(;nlum 
 de area t., Cic. Verr. j, 14, J7 : to t. away I 
 the steps of the temple, gradus templi t., 
 id. Sest. 1;, J4 : t. me away, toUite me, ! 
 Virg. Aen. j, 601 : they seem to t. away , 
 the sun from the unicerse who t. friend- \ 
 Ship away from life, solem e niuiido t. 
 videntur qui amicitiam e vita tollunt, ' 
 Cic. Am. I J, 47 : to t. anay fear, t. me- [ 
 turn, id. Rose. Am. 2, 6 (joined to de- 1 
 lere suspicionem) : to t. away liesitation, 
 t. dubitationem, id. Att. 12, 6, ad fin. ; 
 5. detralio, .\i, ctum, } {to draw or ' 
 strip off) : he took away from him a 
 small garment of gold-, aureum ei de- ! 
 traxit amiculum, Cic. N. D. ;, 34, 8j : to 
 t. away the covering from tlie mules, d. 
 Btramenta de mulis, Caes. B. G. 7, 45 : [ 
 to t. away anything from another, 
 i. aliquid alteri, Cic.'Off. j, 5, 21 : to t. \ 
 away from one's capital, d. de vivo, id. 
 Flac. }•), 91 : to t. away an honour due 
 to one's rank, honoreni debitum ordini 
 d., id. Verr. 4, 11, 25. 6. eximo, erai, 
 emptum. j (prop, to t. out : freq. used of 
 that which is troublesome) : after tlixxt 
 hunger was t.n aivay by the meal, post- 
 quam exempta fames epulis, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 216 : they t. aicay some one day from 
 the month, eximunt unum aliquem diem 
 ex raense, Cic. Verr. 2, 52, 129: you do 
 not t. away what was torturing me, illud 
 quod me angebat non eximis, id. Tusc. 
 2, 12, 29 • to t. away cares, e. curas, Hor. 
 Od. J, 14. 14 • to t. away the burden 
 from, anxious minds, sollicitis animis 
 onus e., id. Ep. i, 5, 18: to t. aiiay re- 
 ligious scruples, e. religionera, Liv. 4, ji : 
 to t. away hi'sitation, e. dubitationem. 
 Quint. I, 10,28. 7. eripio, ripui, rep- 
 tum, J (to t. out or away in haste or uith 
 violence: cunstr. with ex. ab, de, or abl. ; 
 pers. usu. in dot.) : t.ing away all the 
 view from his eyes, prospectnm eripiens 
 oculis, Virg. Aen. 8, 254 : to t. away the 
 tetrarchy, tetrarchiam e., Cic. Div. 2, J7, 
 79 . t. away this plague from me, eripite 
 banc pestem niibi, Catul. 76, 20 : to t. 
 away all hope, e. spem omnem, Ter. 
 Heaut. 4, }, J5 : to t. away fear, e. me- 
 tum,Cic. Cat. i, 7, i8 : virtu/; can neither 
 be t.n away by force nor fraiui, virtus 
 8)2 
 
 nee eripi nee surripi potest, id. Par. 6, ad 
 
 fin. : V. SNATCH AWAT, FILCH. 8. SUb- 
 
 duco, xl, ctum, } {to t.from unden- : esp. 
 to t. away stealthily) : to t. away stones 
 from the tou er, lapides ex turri s., Caes. 
 B. C. 2, II •• t. anay food for a single 
 day from an athlete, subdue cibum un- 
 um diem athletae, Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 40: 
 he laments for his travelling money 
 which has been t.n away from, him, sub- 
 ducta viatica plorat, Hor. Ep. i, 17, 54 : 
 to t. Turnus away from the battle, pug- 
 nae s. Tumum, Virg. Aen. 10, 615: he 
 t.s himself off secretly, clam se subducit, 
 Auct. B. Afr. 9J : v. withdbaw. 9, 
 abdiico, xi, ctum, j (to lead or convey 
 away): to t. auay the key, clavem a., 
 PI. Cas. 5, 2, 8 ; he used to order than to 
 be t.n away to the quarries, in lautumias 
 abduci imperabat, Cic. Verr. 5, 56, 146 : 
 to t. away to dinner, ad cuenam a., Ter. 
 Heaut. I, 2, 9: the vision as it fled took 
 away sleep with it, secum fugiens som- 
 nos abduxit 'mago, Ov. Fast. ;, 477 : v. 
 LEAD AWAY. 10. amoveo, ovi, otum, 
 2 (to remove) : to t. away the statues 
 from the libraries, imagines e biblio- 
 thecis a.. Suet Cal. ^4: coils t.n anay 
 by stealth, boves per dolum amotae, Hor. 
 Od. I, 10, 10: V. REMOVE. Phr. : to t. 
 away old rubbish, rudera purgare. Suet. 
 Vesp. 8, ad fin. : to t. away the body 
 of Augv,stus to Rome, corpus August! 
 Komam deportare, id. Claud. 6 : to t. 
 away his own life, vitam sibi manu ex- 
 haurire, Cic. &st. 21, 48: fear took 
 away his voic», consumpsit vocem me- 
 tus, Tac. H. I, 42 : to t. aicay by force 
 the right of voting, suffragmm extor- 
 quere, Liv. 25, 4 : to t. away the com- 
 nuind, imperium abrugare, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 
 i, I. to t. auay grief, doloiem exhau- 
 rire, id. Fam. 5, 16. 4: to (. away un- 
 easiness from, the mind, scrupulum ex 
 animo evellere, id. Rose. Am. 2, 6 . to 
 t. away all doubt, expellere omnem du- 
 bitationem, Caes. B. G. 5, 48 ■ to t. away 
 all ground of dispute, controversias 
 minuere, id. B. G. 5, 26. 
 
 take beforehand : 1. praesu- 
 mo, mpsi and msi, mptiun and mtum, } 
 {to t. one thing before another) : to t. 
 cnUl nater before eating, p. cibis frigi- 
 dnm, Plin. 28,4, 14 . to t. a meal at home 
 beforehand, domi p. dapes, Ov. A. A. }, 
 757 : to t. antidotes beforehand, p. re- 
 media, Tac. Ann. 14, j. Fig.: the 
 judges hear with impatience one who t.s 
 their functions on himself beforehand, 
 inviti judices audiunt praesumentem 
 partes suas, Quint. II, I, 27. 2. prae- 
 cipio, cepi, ceptum, j (to t. in advance) : 
 unless we have t.n water beforehand, 
 nisi aquam praecepimus, Lucr. 6, 8oj 
 to t. possession of die shores beforehand, 
 litora p.. Virg. Aen. 10, 277 : cf. Liv. J2, 
 16. 3. praeoccupo, i (to seize before- 
 hand) : to t. possession of the pass be- 
 forehand, saltum p., Nep. Dat. 7, 2 : to 
 t. the advantageous positions beforehand, 
 loca opportuna p., Liv. 44, j, ad init. 
 Fig. : J ear had t.n possession of their 
 minds beforehand, timor praeoccupave- 
 rat mentes, Caes. B. G.6, 41. 4. prae- 
 ripio, ripui, reptum, i {to snatch first) : 
 it t.s food befoie the other you7tg birds, 
 praeripit cibos reliquis pullis, Plin. 10, 
 9. II- 
 
 down : I. L i t. ■ l. demo. 
 
 dempsi, demptum, j : the dart being 
 t.n down is carried to Cicero, tragula 
 dempta ad Ciceronem defertur, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 48 : to t. down the tackling, ar- 
 mamenta d., Liv. 21, 49 : to <. donn the 
 shields from the columns, clipea de col- 
 umnis d., id. 40, 51. 2. detraho, xi, 
 ctum, } (to drag down) : she did not 
 suffer her father to be t.n down from his 
 chariot, patrem de curni detrahi passu 
 non est, Cic. Gael. 14, J4 : to t. doun 
 from the cross, d. ex cruce, id. Q. Fr. i, 
 2, 2, } 6. 3. rf f'go, xi, ctum, } {to 
 unfasten) : to t. down the tablets of laws, 
 T. aera, tabellas, Cic. Phil. 12, 5. 12 : id. 
 Fam. 12, I, ad fin. : a shield t.n down 
 from the door-post, clipeum de poste re- 
 fixum, Virg. Aen. 5, }6o. 4. deripio, 
 ripui, reptum, j (to t. d/nvn in haste) r 
 
 to t. down the wine-jar from the stXfK, 
 amphoram horreo d., Hor. Od. j, 28, 7 ■ 
 to t. down the wine-strainers from the 
 roof, d. cola tectis, Virg. G. 2, 242. 
 II. Fig.: minuo, ui, utnm, 3: v, 
 
 LESSKN. 
 
 take for : expr. by habeo, 2 : v. kb- 
 
 GABl), CONSIDKR, VIEW. 
 
 from : v. take away, to i 
 
 from one to give to another, transfero 
 tilli, latum, 3 : to t.from the right hana 
 and put in the left, in dexteram maimn> 
 de sinistra transferre, Sen. Ben. 5, 8, i : 
 / have t.n that passage from Vicaear- 
 chus, istum locum a Dicaearcbo trans- 
 tuli, Cic. Att. 6, 2: v. adopt. 
 
 in. into: I. To receive, en 
 
 tertain, admit : 1, rficlpio, cepi, cep 
 tum, J : they took him into their un.T 
 house, eum domum suam recepeiuut 
 Cic. Arch. 3, 5 : so, tecto r., PI. Kml. i. 
 5, 19 : to t. any one into one's territories, 
 X. tinibus suls, Caes. B. G. 6, 6 : the 
 I'eneus receives the river, but does not L 
 it in (i. e. mingle with it), Pencus ao 
 cipit amnem, nee recipit, Plin. 4, 8, 15, 
 ad fin. 2. accipio, cepi, ceptum, 3 : 
 to t. in very great personages {as guests'), 
 summos viros a., PI. Ps. i, 2, J5 : Cic.: 
 so also excipfire, Hor. S. I. 5, i (said 
 of a town, where some read accepit): 
 
 V. RECEIVE, KMKRTAIN. ||, To COTl' 
 
 lain, hold, understand : 1. capio, 
 cepi, captum, 3 : they are so numerous 
 that the prismi cannot t. them in, 
 sunt ita multi ut eos c. career non 
 possit, Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 22 : your stomach 
 will not t. more than mine, non tuus 
 capiet venter plus quam meus, Hor. 
 S. I, I, 46. Fig.: your narrow soul 
 does not t. in so great a personage, 
 non capiunt angustiae pectoris tuae lan- 
 tam personam, Cic. Pis. 11, 24: a dream 
 too joyful for their minds to t. in, sum- 
 nium laeiius quam quod mentes eorum 
 capere possunt, Liv. 9, 9, ad fin. ; ii.i, 
 rewards which that age can t. in, pi aiuna 
 quae capit ilia aetas. Quint, i, i, 20. 
 2, comprghendo (comprendo), di, 
 sum, 3 {to t. in as a whole, mostly tig.) 
 all those very things are t.n in by the 
 senses, eadem onmia sensibus compre- 
 henduntur, Cic. Leg 1, 10, }o: to t. in 
 all things quickly in the mind, omnia 
 celeriter animo c., id. de Or. 2, 31, lib: 
 I cannot t. in what you mean, id qutxl 
 tu vis non possum mente c, id. N. 1). 3, 
 
 8, 21 : V. COMPREHKXD, INCLUDE. 3. 
 
 percipio, cepi, ceptum, 3 {to t. in en- 
 tirely) : smaller cldldren more readily 
 t. in smaller things, minora faeiiius mi- 
 nores percipiimt. Quint, i, 1, 22: to t. in 
 with the mind, p. animo, Cic. de Or. 1,28, 
 127. Join : cognoscere et p., id. Fin. 
 1, 19, 64 ; p. ac comprebendere, id. Acad. 
 2, II, J4. 4. concipio, cepi, ceptum, 3 
 (mostly with animo, mente): to t. in 
 the principles of all things in the mind 
 and soul, principia rerum omniuQ' 
 animo ac mente c., Cic. Leg. i, 22, 59. 
 weak minds t. in those superstitious 
 ideas, imbecilli animi superstitiosa ista 
 concipiunt, id. Div. 2, ^9, 81. 5. ar- 
 ripio, ripui, reptum, j (to t. in quickly) .- 
 boys quickly t. in innumerable facts, 
 pueri celeriter res innumerabiles arri- 
 piunt, Cic. Sen. 21, 78; a natural kind, 
 of divination which tite mind might t, 
 in, or receive from without, naturale 
 genus divinandi quod animus arriperet, 
 aut exciperet extrinsecus, id. Div. 2, 11, 
 26. Q. accipio, cepi, ceptum, j (esp. 
 of what is tauglit) : so that he qtdckly 
 took in what was taught him, ut celeriter 
 acciperet quae 1 radebantur, Nep. Att. i, 
 3 : to t. in things for the first time, res 
 primum a., Cic. Sen. 21, 78 : v. com- 
 prehend, UNDERSTAND. [N.B. — Appr6- 
 
 hendo in this sense occurs only in late 
 authors : deprghendo rather denotes ob- 
 servation and discernment.] |||. To 
 deceive : 1. decipio, cepi, ceptum, 3 . 
 we are t.n in by the semblance of what it 
 right, decipimur specie recti, Hor. A. P. 
 25 : it is a wretched thing to be tn in, 
 miserum est decipi, Plin. Ep. 6, 2 2, extr .• 
 
 v. cheat, DECEIVE. 2. taDgO, tfitlgl, 
 
 tactum, } (in the com. poetc): I wiUt.
 
 TAKE OFF 
 
 TAKE U 1" « ) N ONESELF 
 
 TALE 
 
 in your father, tuum tangam patrem, 
 PI. Ps. I, I, Il8. 3. emurigo, nxi, 
 DCtum, J (lit. to wipe the nust : a low 
 .^rm) : / unll t. in the felioic finely to- 
 iay, euiuiigara humiiiem probe hodle, 
 PI. Bacch. 4, J, 65 Hor. A. P 2J5. 
 Phr.: to t. in sdil, vela subduct-re, 
 Auct. B. Ale.\. 4;. 
 
 takeoff: |. demo.dempsi, demp- 
 lulii, j: V. TAKK AWAY. ||. To re- 
 thove by cutting : auipularo, praeciderc : 
 V. CUT OFF. III. To reduce, on^s price : 
 miiiuo, ui, utuui. ; v. abate. |V. 
 To portray : adumbro, i : v. sketch. 
 V, To mimi): : imitor. I : v. IMI- 
 TATE. Phr. to t. off cmt's beard, 
 barbam londere. Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58 : 
 to t. off a garvieut, vebtem deponere, 
 Curt. J, 5, 2 . to t. the burdens off tlie 
 beasts, jumentis oiiera deponere, Caes. 
 B. V: I, 80: thi-y nfver took their eyes 
 off him, oculos de isto nunquam di-je- 
 cere, Cic. Verr. 4, 15, jj : " to t. off tlie 
 hat " {as a mark of respect), caput 
 aperire, id. Pbil. 2. 51. 77. 
 
 on : lamenior, i : v. lament. 
 
 Phr. ue ought to shed tears, but not to 
 t. on, lacriniaiiduin est, non plorandum, 
 Sen. Ep. 6j, 1 ■ let us not t. on too much, 
 ponamus nimios gemiius, Juv. 1 j, 11. 
 
 out ; 1. eximo, emi, enip- 
 
 tum, 5 : to t. out a tooth, dentera e., 
 Cels. 7, 12, 1; the dart cavnot be t.n \ 
 out because it is not visible, telum : 
 quod lion apparet, eximi non potest, 
 (^inU 9, 2, 75 ■ smcUl stones t.n out oj 
 the stomach, ventre exempli lapilli. Plin. 
 28, 8, 28, ad iiiit. ■ to t. out of the num- 
 ber of the proscribed, de proscriptorum 
 namero e., Nep. Att. 10, 4. Fig.- to 
 t. out a stain, e. labeni, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 146 to t. him out of the shackles of 
 rhythm, e vinculis numeroruni e., Cic. 
 Or. 2J, 77. 2. extraho, xi, ctum, ; 
 (to draw out) : to t. the sviord fnrm the 
 wound, gladinm e vulnere e.. Quint. 4. 2, 
 ij : a weapon t.n out of the body, telum 
 »; corpore extractum, Cic. Rose. Am. 7, 
 19- tltorns are t.n out if the Imdy, 
 spinae torpori extrahuntur. I'lin. 28, 18, 
 76. 3. exclpio. cepi, ceptuni, j : the 
 tooth must be t.n out with a forceps, 
 dens forcipe excipiendus est, Cels. 7, 
 12, I ■ they had left those unburied n nom 
 they could itot t. out of tlie S'-a, insepultos 
 reliquissent quos e mari e. non potuisseiit, 
 Cic. Rep. 4, 8. 4. promo, mpsi or m»i, 
 mptum or nitum. J (<o t. forth): to t. 
 money out of the public treasury, ex 
 aerario pecuniam p., Cic. Verr. j, 84, 
 195 t.ing out nine from the cask, vina 
 promens dolio, Hor. Epod. 2, 47. Fig.: 
 to t. a.'< it were medicines out of the ynedi- 
 cine chest, medicamenta tanquam de 
 nartbecio p., Cic. Fin. 2, 7: 22. 5. <15- 
 promo, mpsi, mptum, j (prop, to t. doun 
 out of) : to t. aaicn Caeculjan icine out 
 of the store rooms, Caecubuni cellis d., 
 Hor. Od. I, J7, 5 : to t. shifts out of the 
 quivers, d. tela pharelris. Virg. Aen. 5, 
 501 : to t. money out of the chest, d. pe- 
 caniam ex area, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 52. Fig.: 
 for your scltool has not even suspected 
 from what places, as it were from, trea- 
 sure-houses, arguments might be t.n, 
 nam e qiiibus locis quasi ihesauris ar- 
 gutnenta depromerentur vestrl ne suspi- 
 cali quidem sunt, id. Fin. 4, 4, 10. Phr.: 
 to t. out teeth, dentes refigere, Cels. 6, 15, 
 ad fin. : to t. out a shoot {from a lion's 
 foot), stirpem revellere, Crell. 5, 14, ad 
 fin. : to t. the sirord out of its shualh, 
 gladium e vagina educere, Cic. Inv 2. 4, 
 14- to t. out oxen (from the cart), dis- 
 jnngere boves. Juv. 5. 119; abjungere, 
 Virg. G. J. ;i8' I took him out of the 
 midst of tlic enemy, medio ex hoste re- 
 cepi, id. Aen. 6, in. Fig.: to t. out 
 a stain, abolere labem, Tac. H. }, 24: 
 to t. out thti sting of your severity, 
 aculeum severitatis veittrae evellere, Cic. 
 Clu. 55, 152. 
 
 round : circumduco, xi, ctum, 
 
 J . t. tliat man round this house and 
 Ofpartments, circumduce (old form for 
 drcmnduc) husce aedes et conclavia, PI. 
 Most, i, 1. 159. the cohmis being t.n 
 found by a longer route, cobortibus Ion- 
 
 piore itinere circumductis, Gies. B. G. }, 
 26: v. LEAD ROUND. Pb'r. : tu t. round 
 tlie waist, medium arripere, Liv. I, 48: 
 those who are accusU/mld to t. strangers 
 rouiui to see the sights, bi, qui bosplles 
 ad ea quae visenda sunt, ducere solent, 
 Cic. ViTr. 4, 59, I n rK. and A.). 
 take to ; conferre se ; v. bktakk 
 
 OXESEU-' TO, UKK. 
 
 to oneself: su.scipio, cepi, 
 
 ceptum, }: v. assume. Phr.: t. to 
 yourselves minds woiihy of your under- 
 laking. dignos insumite mentes coep- 
 tibus. Slat. Th. 12,641. 
 
 UP : I. I'o ''/< «P •• 1. 
 
 sumo, mpsi, mptum, } : I t. up your 
 Utters again and again into my hatids, 
 epistolas ideiitidrm in manus sumo, 
 Plin. Ep. 6, 7 : to tup thepruning-hook, 
 g. falcem (opp. to ponere), Juv. i j, ^9 : 
 to t. up arms. s. arma, Cic. Tusc. I, J5, 
 86. Fig.; every war is easy to t. up, 
 omne bellum lacile sumi, .Sail. Jug. 8} 
 (opp. to deponere) : v. undeetake, com- 
 MENCE. 2. suscipio, cgpi, ceptum, } : 
 her maidens t.her M>>,suscipiunl famulae, 
 Virg. Aen. 4, jgi to t. up a child (i. e. 
 to adopt him at his birth), s. puerum, 
 Ter. Andr. 2, J, 27. Fig.; tot. up the 
 cause oJ the senate, s. causam senatus, 
 Cic. Verr. i, 17, 51 ; to t. up the burden 
 of duty, 8. onus officii. Id. Rose. Am. j8, 
 
 112 : v. take UPO.N ONESELF. 3. tollo, 
 
 sustuli, sublatum, j ; to t. up a man 
 who is lying, jacentem t., PI. 1%. 5, l, 2 : 
 he wished to be t.n up into the cluiriot of 
 his father, opiavit ut in currum paths 
 tolleretur, (}ic. Off. i 25, 94: v. lift CP. 
 4. corripio, ripnl, reptum, j (to 
 svatcli up : mostly poet.) : to t. up a 
 bow. arcuni manu c, Virg. Aen. i, 188. 
 Phr.: to be t.n up to heaven, snblimem 
 abire, Liv, i, 16; to t. up on one's 
 shoulders, sublevare bumeris, Plin. 11, 
 '7.17- II. To continue : suscipio, cepi, 
 ceptum, i : Anchises t.s up the tale, sus- 
 cipit Anchises, Virg. Aen. 6, 72} : v. con- 
 tinue. III. To reply sharply : 1. 
 corripio, ripui, reptum, j not to t. up 
 but to admonish, uon c. sed monere, 
 Quint. II, I, 68 : Caes. B. C. I, 2. 2. 
 objurgo, I : he took him up as a parent 
 vx)uld t. no one up, cbjurgavit, sicut 
 nemincm parens, Cic. Oel. 11.25: now 
 let me t. you up. nunc te objurgari pa- 
 tere, id Att. 4, 16, ad fm. : v. To chide. 
 IV. To occupy, fill : occiipo, I : as 
 much space as a line-of-batlle would t. 
 up, quantum loci acies instructa o. po- 
 terat, Caes. B. G. 2, 8 ; t.n up with llieir 
 oicn affairs, in re sua occupati, Catul. 
 1?, 8: v. occur V. Phr.: tJie contem- 
 plation of wiscUnn commonly t.s up 
 much of my time, mihi mulium auferre 
 tempfiris solet contemplatio sapicntiae. 
 Sen. Ep. 64, 6: to t. up a day, diem con- 
 sumere, Juv. 1,4 a jouniey nhich used 
 to t. up a whole day. via quae solidum 
 diem terebat, Stat. Silv 4, j, }6. V. 
 'iy> bind up a vein (med. 1. 1.) : dellgo, 1 
 the larger reins are io be t.n up. majores 
 (venae) deligandae sunt, Cels. 7, 19, ad 
 init. VI. '^^ arrest : comprehendo, 
 di, sum, } ; v, arbi->t. 
 
 upon oneself; 1. susci- 
 pio, cepi, ceptum, } : to t. up<m oneself 
 many lieavy tasks, mulios labores niag- 
 nosque s.. Cic. Fin. i, 18. 60: you have 
 t.n upon ymtrself a heavy buiden, sus- 
 cepisti onus grave, id. Off. }. 2, 6 / 
 promise that I ivill t. the duties a7)d 
 functions upon myself, proinitto me 
 suscepturura ollicia et partes, id. Fain. 
 
 J, 10, 1- V. ASStMl-; UNDEKTAKE. 2. 
 
 rfcipio, cepi, ceptum, j (to guarantee : 
 with pron. reflect., after ad or in) : / 
 promise and t. upon myself, spondeo in 
 meque recipio, Cic. Fam. l}, 17. adfln.: 
 I t. upon myself to finish the business 
 speedily, recipio releriter me negotium 
 confeciurum. id. 10. 17, ad init.: It. it 
 upon myself; he will do it, ad me re- 
 cipio; faciei, Ter. Heaut. 5. 5, 12. 3. 
 sumo, mpsi, mptum, j (with;»wi. reflect. 
 in dat.) : I have t.n upon myself to icrite 
 to you, sumpsi mlhi ut ad te scriberem. 
 Cic. Fam. i }, 50. init. : to t. upon himself 
 the functions of a commander, s. sibi 
 S H 
 
 partes imperatorias, Caes. B. C. 1, 51 
 Pb r. : / have t.n upon myself a burdtn 
 heavier than I perceice I can bear, pluii 
 oneris sustuli quam ftrre me (losse lu- 
 telligo, Cic Rose. Am. 4, 10: will you 
 have t.n upon yourstlcrs tke infamii of 
 the foulest baseness t vos sempitenuw 
 foedi^allllae turpitudinis nolas subi- 
 eritis.' id. i*ls. 18, 41 : not Ut refute (« t. 
 upon oneself the itanger of tprakioy, 
 dicendl periculum uon lectuare, id. Pbil. 
 I. 6, 14. 
 
 take up with, to : adjungo, nxi. 
 ctum, { (with pron. reflect.): Uiert was 
 no reason for you to t. op wtth him as a 
 companiim, quod socluni tlbl eum v.-lle* 
 a. nihil erat, Cic. Quint. ;. 12: / t. up 
 u-ith tlieir cause, ad eorum cuusam iii<- 
 a., id. Fam. I, 9, 11 . youths t. up with 
 some pursuit, adolescentull aninium ad 
 aliquod studium adjungunt, I'cr. Andr. 
 
 1, I, 29 . V. AIX)1T 
 
 taker: v. receiver: one vho l.s or 
 captures a city (prop, by storm), expug- 
 nator, Cic. Inv. i 50, 9} one vho t.t or 
 catches animals, captor. Post. Anth. I 'it 
 
 2, p. 45 J, Burm. ; one who tj an ay, 
 ablltor (bonorura), Aug. : ^emptor 
 (vitae), opp. to dator, id. 
 
 taking (adj.) .- ill^cebrOsus : v. at- 
 tract ive. 
 
 taking (subs.) .• 1. acceptio (the act 
 of receiving) : neither surreridrring nor 
 giving is intelligible without t., neque 
 dedilioncm neque donaiioiirm sine ac- 
 ceptione intelligi posse, Cic Top. 8, i^ 
 v. RECErviNG. 2. comprfihenbio (the 
 act of grasping): Cic. N. I). 1, 14, 94 
 the t. of the guilty, c. ^ontlum, id. Puii 
 2, 8, 18. 3. captura (applied to hunt- 
 ing, etc.): the I. offish and birds, c. 
 piscium et alitiim. Plin. 19, i, 2, ad med. 
 
 4. expiignatio (a t. of cities by 
 Sturm): Uie t. of the city, e. urbi.>., 
 Caes. B. G. 7, j6, ad init. v. caktuuk 
 
 5 suroptio (rare) : Cat. R. R. 145. 2. 
 
 6. susceptio: V. undertaking. 7. 
 occiipatio: v seizure. [N.B. — InGell. 
 7, 10, mention Is made of a possible fi.nn 
 ciipio, as in usucapio captio exist*, but 
 is used by Cic. for deception ; LacL ba* 
 captio od'iris ] 
 
 away (*■"'>•*•)• 1. ademptio- 
 
 a t. a'lay of citizenship, a. civilatis, «;ic 
 Dom. JO, 78; Tac. 2. dftractio . the 
 t. away of blood, d. sanguinis. Quint. 2, 
 10,6. Fig.- Uie t. an ay of pain, d. do- 
 loris, Cic. Off. j, }}. 118. 3. ereptio (a 
 forcible t.) .- a t. away, not a buying, e. 
 non emptio, Cic. Verr. 4. 5, 10. 4. 
 exemptio (a t. out) .- applied to the re- 
 moval of honeycombs (lavorum), C«\. 
 14, II : Varr. R. R. j, 16, J4. 
 ablatio, Tert. ; v. reuoval, w ith- 
 
 DK-4WAL. 
 
 talc: * talcum, Linn.: Iapi.» speca- 
 laris, Plin. jb. 22, 45, which others con- 
 sider to be seienite. 
 
 tale; I. a narrative: 1. labul» 
 (whether real or fictiiious ): a t. made 
 up and invented, ficta et comineiititia f., 
 Cic. Off. }, 9, ?9: o nurserii t.. f. pue- 
 rilis, id. N. D. 1, U, $4; anills. Quint. 
 I, 8, 19: poetical tj, jKX-licae f., l.iv, 
 praef. t.s clumsily invented, ficlae in- 
 condite £,, Cic. liep. 2. 10- io tell a t., 
 f. narrare (de aliquo), Hor. S. 1. 1. 70- 
 tliose t.s are repeated over and over again 
 in erery school, decantatae in omnibus 
 scbolis istae sunt tabulae. Sen. Ep. 14, 6 
 aprop<js if this a t. must be told. hi« 
 li>cus fjbulam poscil, id. Ben. 7, 20, S- 
 2. falH'lla (a short t. : dimin. of 
 preced.) : a true t., vera f., Phaedr. J, s. 
 6 : old wires' U, f. aniles, Hor. S. 2, 6, 
 77 : a fictitious U. commentitia f., Cic 
 Div. 2," J8, 80: to teli a t., f. relerre. 
 Tib. I, !, 85; nurrare, Cic. de Or 2. 59. 
 240. 3. narratio (an account, oral or 
 written) : a short t, n. brevis, Phaedr. 4, 
 5, 2 : tu tell ts in common language, n. 
 quotidlano sermone expllcare. Cic Or. 
 ?6, 124. 4. narratiuncilla (ii'min of 
 preced.): t.s tiM by the poets, n. a poetis 
 celebratae. Quint. I, 9. o. 5. hi-toria. 
 enough of t.s ' satis historiarum. Pi. Bac 
 1, 2, ;o: a long t about mthing. roaximk 
 de iiihilo h„ I'rop. 2, I, 16. the tellmgt/ 
 
 8ii 
 
 "t
 
 TALEBEARER 
 
 TA LK 
 
 TALK 
 
 t.S, enarratio liistociurum. \>ii;iu. i, 8, i8 
 fit to make a t. of. histui ia diitiium. Cic. 
 Att. 2, 8, ad tnit. : v story. Phr. ; to 
 tell a t. about myleavries^, tie mea made 
 r.arrare, Cic. Att. ?, 15, ad init. : as they 
 tell the t., ut aiunt, Hor. Kp. i, 7, 49: 
 this is the old t., hoc tialatitium est. Cic. 
 Fam. }, 8, 4 idle t.s, inania famae, 
 Tac. A. 2, 7&. II. A 7iumi>er reckon>''l . 
 numgnis v number . the t. of the 
 ships \s complete, naves suum numerum 
 habent, Cic. Verr. 5, 51, l?j. 
 
 talebearer; 1. sycophanta, m. 
 
 (= crvKoipa.vrr)'; ; orig. one who informed 
 against tho'-e who illegally exported figs 
 from Aitica) : PI. Poen. 5, 2, 72 ■ Ter. 
 Andr 4, 5, 20. 2. delator (a proffs- 
 siortal i nforiner . esp. under the empi i e) : 
 he said he did not listen to tj, negavit 
 se delatonbus aures habere. Suet. Cal. 
 15, extr. Tac. : Juv. 3. faniigg- 
 
 rator . PI. Triu. i, 2, 178. 4. gestor. 
 PI. Ps. I, 5, 14. 5. siisurro (a ivhis- 
 perer: late and rare) : Viilg. Prov. xxvi. 
 20: Sid. V. iNFOBMER. Phr. . to prac- 
 tise the trade of a t., delationes factitare, 
 Tac. H. 2, 10. 
 
 -bearing; Ablatio (professional 
 
 t.) . Tac. : also expr. by .-.usurrus (a 
 whisperiny) : to citt men's throats bi/ t., 
 Jugulos aperire susurro, .luv. 4, no: 
 t., which lies in vait to catchnone sooner 
 than those vho listen to it, nuUis niagis 
 quara audientibus insidiantes susurri, 
 Plin. Pan. 62, ad fm. 
 
 talent: I. a weight: talentum . 
 
 t.s of gold and ivory, auri eborisque t., 
 Virg. Aen. 11, jjj. ||. A sum of 
 money : talentum (which never means 
 a coin) : a thousand t.s, mille t, Hor. Ep. 
 
 1, 6, J4: Cic. Ill, Natural ability: 
 
 1. ingenlum (a word of wide signi- 
 fication : parts, emlowmi-nts : cf. Cic. Kin. 
 5. I ?. j6) : small, ordinary t., parvum, 
 mediocre i., Cic. Brut. 67. 2J7 ; de Or. 
 
 2, 27, 119: eminent t., eximium i., id. 
 Fam. 6, 5, j; eminent, Quint. 6, praef., 
 $ I : sparks of t.. ingenii igniculi, id. 6, 
 praef., } 7 : the t. (fa bird, i. avis, Plin. 
 10, 4 J, 60: t. for invntiov, i. ad fin- 
 gendnm, Cic. Fontei. 14, jo: a fertile 
 rein of t., ingenii benigna vena, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 18, 9 : not devoid of t., non 
 absurdus Ingenio, Tac. H. j, 62 : they 
 were not altogether loanting in t., but 
 only in oratorical t., iis non omniiio i., 
 sed oratorium i. defuit, Cic. Brut. 29, 
 [ 10 : if I have any t., si quid est in me 
 ingenii, id. Arch. init. : not to have very 
 great t., maximi i. non esse, id. Brut. 29, [ 
 no: to have t., ingenio valere. Id. de 
 Or. 5, 2, 7 : to have plenty of t., ingenio 
 abundare, id. Fam. 4, 8 • a man of very 
 great t., vir acerrimo i., id. Or. 5, 18: 
 men of first-rate t., praestantissimis i. 
 homines, id. Fin, 2, 16, ;i : to possess very 
 great and brilliant t.s, optimo ei splen- 
 didissJmo i. esse, id. Off. ?, 5, 25 : such a 
 stock of t.s, tantae facilitates ingenii, id. | 
 Att J, 10, ad med. : nothing came amiss | 
 to his varied t.s, huic versatile i. pariter 
 ad omnia fuit, Liv. jg, 40 not only to ! 
 sharpen b't also foster t., non solum 
 acuere, sed etiam alere i., Cic. Brut, jj, , 
 126 to develope and show forth one's t.s, I 
 i. augere et declarare, id. ib. 27, 104. 
 [N.B. — The pi. of this word cannot be 
 used of one person, as in Kng. • hence ' 
 a man of great t.s is vir magno ingenio, 
 never m. ingeniis. ThepZ. is used some- 
 times for persims of t. : the men of t. in 
 our days, temporum nostrorum ingenia, 
 Plin. Ep. 6, 21, init.'] 2, indoles, is, 
 /. (t which may hereafter be developed i 
 only in sivg.') , youths endoned with 
 good t., adulescentes bona indole prae- 
 diti, Cic. ben. 8, 26 there tvas very great 
 promi^f. in his son and a decided germ 
 oft., eumina in filio spes, summa ingenii 
 1., id. Phil. II, i{, !j cf Quint. 12, 6, ?. 
 
 3 dos, dotis. / (usu. m pi. : gifts, 
 endowments) : every t. in mar andpeace, 
 onines d. belli et togae. Veil, i, 1 2, j ; it is 
 myt. to celebrate maidens in song, estd. 
 mea carminihtis celebrare puellas, Ov. 
 Am. I, 10, 99 natural t.s, dotes na- 
 turae, Plin. Kp. J, !, ad med. 4. expr 
 Bometimea by natura (disposition, bent, 
 8i4 
 
 incUnatUm), wlien the context shows 
 what is implied : he had no t. for it, 
 instrurr.enta naturae deerant, Cic. Bnit. 
 77, 268 those who have a natural t.for 
 administration, ii qui liabent a natura 
 ad.jumenta rerum gerendarum, id. Off. 
 I, 21, 72. 
 
 talented ; ingeniosus Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 14, J2; very I., pgringeniosiis, id. Brut. 
 24,92 adv. iiigeniose; th'Se points are 
 handled in a t. way, tracUtntur ista i., 
 id. Acad. 2, 27, 87. It is usu. expr by 
 a phr with iiigenium {q. d.). 
 
 talldnis. in the phrase U-x t., is to be 
 found in Gell. 20. i. where he treats of 
 the provision of talio, or like for like, 
 made in the XII. Tables. 
 
 talisman: 1. aniQletum: to use 
 a thing as at., pro a. uti, I'liii. 2!, i, 14: 
 v. AMULKT. 2. praeligamen (some- 
 thing bound in front) : Marc Emp. 8. 
 3. ligatura: Aug. Phr.: a thin 
 sheet of metal covered uith unknown 
 characters (i. e. a t.). lamina ignora- 
 biliter literata, App. M. j, 157, ad init. ; 
 the fat of the heart bound on to the arm 
 as a t. is an aid to success in lawsuits, 
 cordis pingue adalligatum in lacerto 
 confert Judiciorum victoriae, Plin. 29, 
 4, 20. 
 
 talk (subs.) : 1. sermo, onis, m. 
 (used both in sing, and pi. in nearly all 
 senses of the Eng. word) : every-day t., 
 s. quotidianus, Cic. Fam. i, i, 2: silly 
 childish t., s. stultus, puerilis, id. Fam. 
 J, 10, 5 : sprightly t., s. facptu.s id. de 
 Or. I, 8, J2 : amfidential talk, sermonis 
 coramunicatio (cum aliquo), id. Att. i, 
 17, 6: a very ungentlemani y kind of 
 talk, genus s. minime liberale, id. Fam. 
 J, 8, 5 : common t., vulgi s., id. Rep. 6, 
 2J : the t. of the tonn, pervagatus civi- 
 tatis s., id. Mil. 12, j; : to try to get 
 into t. with, s. quaerere, Ter. Eun. j, 
 J, 10: to introduce light t.. delicatum 
 s. inferre, Cic. Off. 1,40, 144: they spoke 
 of many things in various t., multo inter 
 sese vario sermone serebant, Virg. Aen. 
 
 6, 160: miscellaneous t., passing f 10m 
 one subject to another, s. varius, aliunde 
 alio transi liens. Sen. Ep. 64, 2 : to spend 
 the day in t.. diem sermone terere, PI. 
 Trin. j, }, 68: much t. till late in the 
 day, multus s. in moltum diem, Cic. Att. 
 ij, 9, od init. : to prolong the t., s. pro- 
 ducere, id. Rep. 6, 10 • to haite a rather 
 long t, longiorem s. instituere, Caes. 
 B. a. 5, i7 : the t. flags, s. friget, Ter. 
 Eun. }, ?, II there is a t, manat 
 s., Cic. Clu. 27, 7J : to be the com- 
 mon t., esse in ore, in sermone omnium, 
 id. Phil. 10, 7, 14; to become the t., in 
 sermones hominura venire, id. Verr. 4, 
 
 7. i;- in sermonem incidere, id. Fam. 
 9, J, I . he is now the sole subject of t. 
 through the city, nunc per urbem solus 
 s. est omnibus, PI. Ps. i, 5, 4: it is the 
 universal t. of Asia, s. est tola Asia dis- 
 sipatus, Cic. Klac. 6, 14 : to give a handle 
 to t., dare sermonis ansas, id. Sest. 10, 
 22 : to give occasion to t„ dare sermo- 
 nem, id. Fam. 9, j, l ; praebere, Tac. 
 H. 4, 4- to supply matter fm- t., dare 
 materiam sermonum, id. Q., Fr. i, 2, i, 
 ^ i : to give rise to all kinds of t., 
 varies s. excitare, id. Fam. 8, 10, 2: 
 I have never provoked this t., but I have 
 not done much to check it, bos sermones 
 lacessivi nunquam sed non valde re- 
 press!, id. ib. J, 8, 7 ■ to fee veil abused in 
 common t., sermonibus omnium vapu- 
 lare, id. Att. 2, 14, ad init. : to escape 
 common t., effugere s., id. Coel. 16, j8: 
 to silence common t., retundere s , id. 
 Fam. 8, 6, i the t. having died away, 
 refrigerato sermone, id. ib. j, 8, i : to 
 " stuff the ears of men " with t., aures 
 hominum sermonibus refercire, id. Rab. 
 Post. 14, 40 : 7Hy chief t. is vnth books, 
 cum libellis mihi plurimus s. est, Sen. 
 
 Ep. 67, 2 cf. Cic. Att. 12, 15: V. CON- 
 VERSATION. 2. sermunculus (dimin. 
 of preced. : small, petty t. : rare) the 
 common tomi t. of mischievous persons, 
 urbani malevolorura s., Oic. Deiot. 12, 
 i! : to stifle (rr silence all the petty t., 
 s. omnem aut restinguere ant sedare, id. 
 Att. li, 10, ad med. 3 colloquium 
 
 (prop, o t.ing together: esp. a confer- 
 ence) . the soldiers had frequent ts with 
 one another, crebra inter se c. milites 
 habebant, Caes. B. C. j, ig, ad init. : t. 
 with absent friends (i. e. by letter): col- 
 loquia amicorum abseniium, Cic. I'hil. 
 2, 4, 7 : the t. of birds, c. alitum, Plin. 
 ID, 49, 70 : t, with the gods, deorum c, 
 Virg. Aen. 7,91. Join: congressus c- 
 que, Cic. Phil. 9, i, 2. 4. collocutio (a 
 familiar or private conversation) : rare; 
 very familiar t., c. familiarissimae, Cic 
 Pliil. 11,2,5 : id. Att. 12 i.extr. Join: 
 sermones c.que, id. Fam. i, 9, 4. 5, 
 loquela (rare, and poet.) : woidy t., ver- 
 bosa 1., Catul. 55, 20 ■ the soothing t. of 
 a nurse, blanda nutricis I., Lucr. 5, 2}o. 
 
 6. garritus, us (chat) : Sid. Ep. 
 J. 6, ad med.: v. CHAT, GOSSIP. 7, 
 fabula (a story, tale) : what a 1. 1 wa!s 
 through the city, i)er urbem f. quanta 
 fui, Hor. Epod. 11, 8 to avoid <., vitare 
 f., Q. Cic. Pet. Consul. 14, 54 ; to take 
 down (make notes of) t, f. excipere, 
 I'ac. Or. 2, 2 : to take part in the t., exci- 
 pere partem fabulae, Petr. Sat. 42, init. 
 
 8, f ama (report, rumour) : there 
 has arisen a t., f. surrexit, Coel. in Cic. 
 Fam. 8, 8, 2 : common t., f. vulgi, Cic. 
 Top. 20, 76: there is a common t., 
 {. percrebruit, id. Fam. 10, 10, i • 
 scarcely has a t. of thai suspicion reached 
 my ears, vix ad aures meas istius sns- 
 picionisf.pervenii, id. SuU. 4, 12. Join: 
 communi f. atque sermone, id. Flac. 6, 
 lil v. REPORT, RUMOUR. 9. verW- 
 
 f icatio (a i.wi^) ; Caecilius in Don. I'er. 
 Kun. 4, 4, 4 (quid tibi v. est patri ?) 
 Phr.. to be all the t., in ore esse, Cic. 
 Am. 1,2: to become the common t., per- 
 venire in ora vulgi, Catul. 40, 5: every- 
 body makes it their t., in ore est omni 
 popiilo, Ter. Ad. i, 2, ij to become the 
 t. 0/ scandal-mongers, incurrere in vo- 
 culas malevolorum, Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 2* 
 to avc/id common t., vitare linguas hom- 
 inum, id. Fam. 9, 2, 2 . to silence com- 
 mon t., linguas retundere, Liv. ;j, }l : 
 to court idle t., rumusculos aucupari, 
 Cic. Leg. J, 16, 55 : you think virtue idle 
 t., virtutem verba putas, Hor. Ep. I, 6, 
 ;i : idle t., nugae, PI. Pers. 4, 7, 8. 
 [N.B. — Several compounds are found: 
 coaxing t., blandiloquentia, Poet, in Cic. 
 N. D. J, 25, extr.: foolish t., stuliilo- 
 quentia, PI. Trin. i, 2, 185: empty t., 
 vaniloquentia, Tac. Ann. j, 49 : but the 
 simple word loquentia does not occur, 
 except in the saying recorded In Plin. 
 Ep. 5, 20, aliud esse eloquentiam, allud 
 loquentiam, t. is one thing, eloquence 
 another : see also Gell. i, 15, ad Jin., for 
 the story of Valerius Probus.] 
 
 talk (v.) : 1. 16quor, cutus, J (both 
 neut. and act.) : to t. ivith some one, 1. 
 cum aliquo, Cic. Att. 9, 17, ad init. : to 
 t. through the nose, balba de nare 1., Pers. 
 I, }} : the parrot learns to t., psittacus 
 1. diecit, Plin. 10, 42, 58 : to t. with the 
 angers, digitis 1., Ov Prist. 2, 45J : to 
 become able to t., loquendi facultatem 
 consequi, Cels. 7, 12, 4: let me t.with 
 myself, sine loquar mecum. Sen. Ben. 5, 
 7, 6: to t. correctly, recte 1., Quint, i, 
 I, 4 : to t. indistinctly, 1. incerta voce, 
 id. I, I, 21 to t. in another tongue, alia 
 lingua I., Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 61 : to t. Greek, 
 Latin. Graece, Latine 1., id. fuse, i, 8, 15 ; 
 to t. swtetly, dulce 1., Hor. Od. i, 22, 24 : 
 II hat you and I had t.'d in private atiout 
 your sister, quae Ineramus ego et tu inter 
 nosdesororelocuti.Cic. Att. 5, i,adinit.: 
 to t. of nothing but fleets and armies, 
 nihil nisi classes 1. et exercitus, id. lb. 
 9. 2, ad Jin. : to t. big, magnum 1, 
 Hor. A. P 280 . t.ing very grandly, 
 omnia magna loquens, id. Sat. i, j, 
 ij • to t. uriliUy, 1. deliramenta, PI. 
 Am. 2, 2, 64 (7?). 2. sermocl- 
 
 nor, I (to t. with, converse : rare) : 
 to t. earnestly, diligenter s., Cic. Verr 2, 
 I, 52, n8 t.ing parrots, psittaci ser- 
 mocinantes, Plin. 10,42, ;8 : in ordinary 
 writing or t.ing, in consuetudine scri- 
 bendi aut sermocinandi. Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 
 54: (Gell. 17, 2, remarks, tliat Q. Claud- 
 ins used consenuoiior, and adds, "ser- 
 monari rusticius videtur sed rectina").
 
 TALK OVER 
 
 T A I. I. 
 
 T A M R 
 
 3. fabulyr, i : tot. togetKer, f. inter 
 aese, PI. Kpid. 2, 2, 55 : to t. pUiinly ivitli 
 you. ut aperte tibi fabuler, Ter. Ph. 4, t, 
 49: whilst Ling, inter labulandum.Gell. 
 15, I, ail med.: th'ii hap/iened In sUmd 
 ting togHhei; slabanl forte iina^ fahu- 
 lanies, id 19. 1 1. init. 4. coiilabulor, 
 I (to COT) iv.rse together : ran- ) ; Tt-r. 
 Hec. I, 2, 107: PI. 5. o.lloquor, cii- 
 tus, } (amsir. with cum, inter with prm. 
 refi. or abs. : to Iwld a amveraaiion <>r 
 conference) : they t.'d much together, 
 niuliuni inter sc collocnii sunt, Cic. dp 
 Or. 1 , 1, 26 ■ to t. by means of letter- 
 writing, per liWras c, id. Fani. i, 7, i 
 the ymerals t. togrtlu^, impcratores col- 
 loqiiuntur simul. PI. Am. 1. I, 69. 6. 
 gairio, ivi or ii, ituni, 4 (act. : to prate, 
 chatter): t. avail. Karri mode, Ter. Fb. 
 }, 2, II: to t. am/thing you please, g. 
 quidlibet, Hor. Siit. I, 9, ij: to t. what- 
 ever conws u/pervuist, parrire quidquid 
 in buccam (sc. venit), Cic. Alt. 12, i. ad 
 fin. : I wislved to t. more, cupiebani 
 plura g., id. ib. 6. 2, ad fin. : to t. non- 
 sense, g. nugiis, PI. Aul. 5, 21. 7. 
 blStCro, I (((1 ( idli/ or foolishly : used 
 as an act. x-erb) : why do yon t. ticmseiise f 
 quid blateras? Varr. in Non. I, 886: 
 Hor. Sal. 2, 7. 55 : v prate, ch.^tter. 
 P h r. : the child will try to t., pucr verha 
 effingere conabitur, Quint, i, i, 5: to 
 teach a magpie to t., picam docere nostia 
 verba conari, Pers. prol. 9 : birds taught 
 to t. Greek and Latin, aves Graero et 
 Latino ^erraone dociles, I'lin. 10, 42, 59 : 
 the raven being soon accustomed to I., 
 corvus mature sermoni assuefactus, id. 
 10, 45, 60: to t. without any meaning, 
 inani voce sonare, Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 48: to 
 t. nonsense, nugas blatire, PI. Am. 2, i, 
 82 : t. aiiay, da te in sermonem, Cic. 
 Alt. 15, 2J, ad fin.: to t., caedere ser- 
 mones (an imitation of the Gr. Komfiv ' 
 TO. pjj/iara), I'lM'. Hoaut. 2, ?, I to t. 
 with him in private, cnm eo secreta col- 
 loquia serere, Liv. )4, 61 : it is pleasant 
 for me to t. ivith you by letter, jucundus 
 est niihi serine literaruni tuaruni, Cic. 
 Fam. 7, J2, ad I'm. : he "OS the first to 
 begin t.iufl about that, princeps ejus ser- 
 monis ordieridi fuit, id. de Or. i, 21, 98: 
 to happen lit t. about. ., incidere in ilium 
 
 sermonem qui id. Am. t. 2: they 
 
 happened to t. of their wives, incidit de 
 u.xoribus menlio, Liv. i. 57 : to t. about 
 something else, sermonem alio traiisferre, 
 Cic. de Or. I, 29, 1?; : a thing much t.'d 
 of, res multum agitata sermoiiibu.^, Plin. 
 Ep. 6, 19. ad iuit. : res multum cele- 
 brata sermonibus. Liv. 34, 61 : to 1. much 
 with the men, celebrare Juvenes multo 
 semione, Tib. 1,6, 17 : the deed began 
 to be t.'d of in every place, per omnes 
 locos de facto agitari. Sail. Jug. jo, i : to 
 t. frenly and often of it, id libenter 
 Bsurpare crebris sermonibus, Cic. Marcel. 
 2, 5: to be continually t.'d of, in ore 
 vigere, id. Tusc. i, 49, 116 : to come to be 
 t.'d of as a joke, in ora hominum pro 
 ludibrio ahire, Liv. 2, ;6 : we will give 
 titem sinn''thing to t. of, dabimus ser- 
 monem iis, Cic. Fam. 9, ?, i ; to t. of 
 murder when drunk, caedem eructare 
 sermonibus, id. Cat. 2, 5. 10. 
 
 talk over : 1. communlco, I : a 
 person with whom I can t. over every- 
 thing, homo, quocum omnia communi- 
 cem, Cic. Att. i, 18, (ui init. : xcith whom 
 he had been accustomed to t. over the 
 weightiest matters, quibuscum c. de 
 maximis rebus omsueverat, Caes. B. C. 
 }, 18. 2. confero, tfili, latum, ? : if 
 the matter shall in anywi.te require it 
 ue will t. it ox'erface to face, si quid res 
 feret coram inter nos conferemus, Cic. 
 Att. 1, 20, ad ivit. : to t. over matters 
 conlidenlially, faniiliares c. sernion^s, 
 id. Off. 2, II, )9 : Join : c. et fabulari, 
 PI. Rud. 2, ?, 8: V. msccss, coNsii>KR. 
 3. verbigCro. i . how Umg and how 
 often it has been t.'d over betneen us, 
 quamdiu et quotics inter nos verbigera- 
 turn sit, App. Apol. J2i, od init. 
 to : admonere : v. admonish. 
 
 talkative: 1 liiquax, acis: old 
 age is by natwre rather t., seiiectus est 
 luttura loquacior, Cic. Sen. 16, 55 ; a too 
 
 t. slave, servus nimiuin 1., id. Clii. 6 J, 
 176 : / pT'ftr wisdom at a loss for words 
 to t. fitly, malira liidisertam prudentium 
 quam stuliitlam 1., id. d>- Or. ?. t;. 142: 
 ol birds. Plin. 11, ;i, II2. Oimin., 16- 
 quiirulus. Lu.T. 4. II 57 (ratAer t.) 2. 
 garrulus (not in Cic.) . a t. tongue, g. 
 linu'UM, Ov. Am. 2. 2, 44 a t. a-oir, g. 
 comix, id. ib. i, 5. 22 : avoid an in- 
 quisilivi- perynn, for he is also t., per- 
 conlatorem fugito, nam g. idem est, 
 Hor. Kp. I. 18. 69. 3. multil&iuus: 
 (I t. old I'oman, m. anus, PI. Cist. I, }, I : 
 raultiloquax is dub. in I'l. Aul. 2, 1, S- 
 
 4, argiims. tier// t. k/t<rr«, argutis- 
 simae literae. Cic. Alt. 6, ?, ad init. 
 
 5. argutulus ((ii'mi;'. of preced.); a 
 rathir t. maid-servaxd, a. fannila, App. 
 Met 2, p. 117. 6. linguosiis: Pelr. 
 Sat. 4?. 7. lingiilus: said of AJax, 
 I'oet Ijjt. min. 2, p. 237, Wernsd. 8. 
 lingatulus: Ten. 9. lucatiileius : 
 Alcini. : Goll. (v. under tai.ki-r.) 
 
 talkatively: 16quaclter (no sup.): 
 to describe t., scribere 1., Hor. Ep. i, 16, 
 4: Cic. 
 
 talkativeness : 1. lOquacitas, 
 
 atis,/. .- it is not my t. but mil Icindly 
 feeling that makes my Irlters ratlwr Umg, 
 "facit non mea 1. sed bencvolentia longi- 
 orcs epistolas. Cic. ham. 6, 4, 4 : to 
 lapse into t., in 1. incidere, Quint. 5, 10, 
 91 : of birds, Plin. 10, 42, 59. 2. gar- 
 riilitas, atls,/. (not in Cic.) : great t , in- 
 gens g., Plin. 29, l, J: that t. of nhich 
 none will ever have enough. Ilia neminem 
 satiatura g., Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5 : Ov. 
 M. 5, 678. 3. multiloquium : PI. 
 
 Merc. prol. }i (opp. to pauciloquium). 
 
 talker: 1. IScutor: light, empty, 
 and troublesome t.s, leves et futiles et 
 importuni 1., Gell. i, i$,init. 2. gar- 
 ritor: Amm. 3. collocutor (on* i«/(o 
 talks with another) : Tert. 4. several 
 words occur in Gell. i, i ;, extr. : ho- 
 mines in verba projectos locutiileios 
 et blatterones, et linguaculas («/. lin- 
 guaces) dixerunt. 6. sermocinatrix 
 (only the /. form occurs): App. M. 9, 
 p. 224. 
 
 talking: v. talk: blateratus, iis, 
 m. in Sid. Ep. 9, Ji, fin., is foolish t. 
 
 tall : 1. procerus : a t. palm tree, 
 p. palma, Cic. Leg. 1,1, 2 : very t. pop- 
 lars, proceri.'isimae populi, id. ib. i, 5, 
 15 : a certain man of t. stature, quidam 
 p. staturae. Suet. Vesp. 2{, init. t. in 
 appearance, p. habitu, Tac. H. 4, I : t. 
 horns, p. cornua, Col. 6, i. ?. he u-ore 
 rather high shoes to make him seem ter 
 than he i' as, u.sus est calceamentis altius- 
 culis ut procerior quam erat viderelur. 
 Suet. Aug. 7 J. 2. altus (rare: per- 
 haps confined to poetiy) ■ under the 
 boughs of a t. tree, nub ramis arboris a., 
 Lucr. 2, J- : the godiless herself is t.er 
 than they,a\t\uT lUis ipsa I'ea est, Ov. M. 
 J, 181. 3. e.xcelsus {elevated, high): 
 t. birds, aves e., Cic. N. 1). i. !6, loi : 
 one horn rises t.er, unum comu e.\stitit 
 excelsius, Caes. B. G. 6, 26 : t. stature, 
 e. statura, Suet. Caes. 45 : the top of a t. 
 mountain, e. vertex mentis, Virg. Aen. 
 5, 3;: a t. toner, e. turris, Juv. 10, 106. 
 4. ci'\i^\i% {upright : with the notion 
 of stateliness) : a nuin of the ./«■■ ish 
 nation t.er than the t.est German ,.] udae- 
 ae pen I is homo proceiior celsis-inio Ger- 
 manorum. Col. }, 8, 2 : t. towers, c. tur- 
 res, Hor. 0(1. 2. 10, 10: a stag with t. 
 horns, c. in cornua cer\'us, Ov. M. 10, 
 5;8 5. longus: he is afoot and a 
 half t.er than you. sesquii>ede est quam 
 tu longior. PI. trin. 4, 2, 58 : t. spears, 1. 
 hastae, Virg. Aen. 9, 229: Gola'ea t.er 
 than the t. alder-tree, Galatea longa pro- 
 cerior alno, Ov. M. i ?, 7.0: a very t. 
 pine trunk, longissimu* Iruncus (pinns), 
 I'lin. Ep. 6, 16: o t. fell')', I. homo, 
 Catul. 67, 47 (sjiid in contempt). 6. 
 pracl.'ngus (ivrv t.): a very t. man, ho- 
 mo p., Quint. 6, ?. 67 : the vn-y I. slender 
 shape (of a tree), p. graoi I i t.is. Plin. i j, 
 4. 9, } 46. 7. prandis (of persons ; 
 groii-n up): already a t. tyiy, g. jiim 
 "puer, Cic. ' Pis. {6. 87 : a i. pupil, g. 
 alumnus. Hor. Epod. 1 1. 1 1. The dimin. 
 grandiusculus (grandiciilus, a/.), occurs 
 
 In Ter. Aiidr. 4, 5, 19. [N'.B. — Some- 
 timi-K, though rarely, the notion of 
 height may be expr. by maKUUs (LucU. 
 In Varr. 1^ L. 7, j, 87. } 12), or ingeiu 
 (Hor. Od. 2, 10, 9) : henie in .Mart 9, 50, 
 4, magims homo, by a play upon words 
 is eiiher a <. or a gieai man.] Phr. ; 
 the is t.i-r than all by a head, collo tenoi 
 supereminet onines, Ov. M. ?, 181 : ani- 
 mals that vevrr grow vera t., parvi in- 
 creni' ii'i iinniaiia. Col. 8, 15, 6. 
 
 tallness: 1. prO<ft1las, atis, /. .- 
 his lair conip'exion anil (., candor et p., 
 Cic. Oiel. 15, j6: a becoming t.. decora 
 r>., lac. Ann. 12, 44 tlie t of varioui 
 trees, procerilales art)oruni, Cic. Sen. 17, 
 J9 (observe the /»J.). 2. altliiido. Inis, 
 /. (very rare): of the vine. Plin. 17. 22, 
 J5, 5 184: V. HEIGHT. 3. celsIiQdo, 
 Inis, /. {stal- hj t.) ; t. of person, c. cor- 
 poris. Veil. 2, 94. '4. pr6cSrltado: 
 Solhi. I. 
 
 tallow: sebum (^5vum): PI. Capt. 
 2, 2, JI : Plin. 
 
 -candle: sebiUeus: App. M.4, 
 
 p. i;i: VaniJcIa sebiila : ta make t J, so- 
 bare candilas, Col. 2, 22. J. 
 
 -chandler ; * candelirius (Du- 
 
 cange). 
 
 -tree: *Stillingiaseblfera. 
 
 tallowy : 1. sebesns (full of •tal- 
 low): Plin. II, 57. 86. 2. sebaiis: a 
 t. torch, s. fax, Amm. 18, 6, i;. 
 
 tally {subs.) : tessira ; esp. the t. of 
 hospitality (PI. Poen. 5, 2, 87), for which 
 see Diet. Ant. : dimin. tes.-^rula, Pers. 
 
 5, 74- 
 tally (" ) •■ convenio, veni, ventum, 
 
 4: v. FIT, COINCIDE. 
 
 talmud: *Talmudum, i, n..- also 
 Talmud, is. 
 
 talmudical: *TalmM(iicus. 
 
 talmudist : * Talmudista, Talmudi- 
 cus, Talmudis intt-rpretandl peritua 
 (Kr.). 
 
 talon : I. -^ c'"'" • 1. unguis, 
 is, m. {a claw, t., or hoof, of animals : a 
 nail of human beings) : to fasten the tj 
 into the neck, figere tervicibus u., Ov. M. 
 4, 717 (said of an eagle) : hooked t.t, a. 
 unci, llin. 11, 45, loi : to seize food tcith 
 the firm grasp of the t.s. cibum unguiom 
 tenacitate arripere, Cic. N. I). 2, 47. 122. 
 Com.; unloose these from your ts, 
 (haec) ab unguibus reglutina, Catul. 25, 
 9 (spoken to a thief). 2. ungula (only 
 in PI.) : o cock icith the t.s of a kite or 
 an eagle, cocus milvinis aut aquilinis u., 
 PI. Ps. }, 2, 6? : to stick your t.s into it, 
 hue injicere u., id. ib. 2, 2, 41 : of the 
 claws of a hen, id. Aul. ?, 4, 8. 3. 
 faUula (dimin.) : Plin. 8, 15, 17- II. 
 A t. t. in architecture : unda. Vitr. 5, "J 
 (5, 6, 6); (? cymaiium, id. 4, ?, 6). 
 
 tamable : dOmalulls: Hor. Od. 4, 
 14, 41: Ov. .M.9, :;?. 
 
 tamarind : *Tamarindus officinalis, 
 Linn. 
 
 tamarisk : 1. lamiirix, iris, / 
 
 (the I. pallica, Linn.): Lucan 9, 917: 
 Col. It is also called tamirlce U'l'i-l 
 and tiimariscus (Pall.). 2.^m>rlc5, 
 es, or myrlci, cae (/xupioj) : Virg. Eel 
 8, 54. 3. brya Mhe.siris, Plin. i j. 21, 
 !7 : (some consider this the L Afrlcana 
 or orientalis). 
 
 tambourine: i. ij-mpSnum (ty. 
 
 piinum, Catul. 6;. 8) : the t.s S"undnt, t, 
 sonurnmt. Caes. B.C. }, 10; the tightly 
 stretched « s. t. tenia, Liht. 2,618. Kig. 
 of a mean style of oratoiy. tue t. of elo- 
 quence, t. ilixjuentiae, Quint ?. I2, 2i. 
 ■/() play the t., palinis imp- Here, Ov. M 
 4. 29; plungere, Citul 64. 262 orlx'ni 
 digito tenijierare, Suei. Aug. '8: play- 
 ing on the t.. lympanizans. Id. ib. A t.- 
 plaver, lymivanista, App. de r>eo Socr. 
 p. 49 : tyinpanotrlba, PI. fnic 2, 4. 79 
 (60) (usetl in contempt), a female t.- 
 ptaver, tympiinistrla, .Sid. Ep. i, 1. fin. 
 2. tympanloluni (dimin.): Am. 6, 
 
 "tame ("<'/") •• !. L>«-- 1. clcur 
 
 Qris (naturally t.) : varvms kinds of 
 hasts whether t. or triUi, varia gerera be- 
 siiarnm vel cicurumvcl feranim, Cic. N. 
 I). 2, 19, 99 ■ opp. to imnianis. id. Tiiac. 5, 
 I J. J8. 2. m.insuCfactUi (i.d by artji 
 8«
 
 TAME 
 
 TANTAMOUNT 
 
 TAPESTRY 
 
 a t. tiger, tiRris m., Plin. 8, 17, 25. 3. 
 manguetus (, = preced.) : a i. boar, sus 
 m., Llv. 35, 49, ad vied. Fig.: gentle 
 and t. (said of menl, mites et m., Cic. 
 Inr. I, 2, 2 (opp. to feri et immanes). 
 
 4, manbues, uis and etis ( = preced.) : 
 a t. she-bear, ursa m., App. M. 1 1, p. 261 : 
 PI. Asin. I, 2, 19. 5. domitus {t.'d 
 by fm-ce) : t, trained beasts, belluae d. 
 et condocefactae, Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 161. 
 Phr. : wild beasts have grown t., man- 
 suevere ferae, tucan 4, 218: some beasts 
 never become t., ferae quaedam nunquam 
 mitescunt, Li v. j j, 4; : to rtiake any body 
 as t. as a sheep, aliqueni tam placidum 
 quam ovem reddere, Ter. Ad. 4, i^ 18. 
 II. Fig.: spiritless: 1. ignavus 
 (unenterprising, couardly) : the t. and 
 weak giving way and yielding to the 
 arrogance of the rich, cedentibus i. et 
 Imbecillis et arrogamiae dlvitum suc- 
 cumbentibus, Cic. Rep. i, J2 : (. and 
 umvarWce amidst foes, i. et Imbelles 
 inter hostes, Liv. 26. 2. 2. lentus 
 (passive, indifferent): lam considered 
 too patient and t., nimiuni patiens et 1. 
 existimor, Cic. de Or. 2, ',$, J05. 3. 
 languidus {dull, listless) : an effeminate, 
 t., enervated philosopher, ptiilosophus 
 mollis, 1., enervatus, Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 
 226 : a t. speech, languidlor oratio, Quint. 
 4, I, 67. 
 
 tame ("•) • 1. mansuefacio, feci, 
 factum, } (very class.) : the wild oxen 
 cannot be t.d eren nhen caught young, 
 uri mansuefieri, ne parvuli quidem ex- 
 cepti, possunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 28. Fig.: 
 to t. his fierce disposition, m. ferum in- 
 genium, Suet. Calig. 11. 2. man- 
 Buesco, suevi, suetum, } (to accustom to 
 the hand) : to t. wild animals, m. sil- 
 ■veetria animalia, Varr. U. R. 2, i, 4. 
 3, donio, ui, itum, i (to t. forcibly) : 
 to t. wild beasts, d. belluas, Cic. Off. 2. 4, 
 14: to t. horses, d. equos, VIrg. G. }, 206. 
 Fig.: to t. one's ardent spirit, d. avid- 
 tmi spiritum, Hor. Od. 2. 2, 9 : to t. 
 nations, d. gentes, Cic. Marcel, j, 8 : v. 
 SUBDDE. 4. domito, I (rare : freq. 
 from preced.): to t. oxen, d. boves, Virg. 
 G. I, 285: to t. a team, d. currus, id. 
 Aen. 7, i6i : for the sake <f ting ele- 
 phants, elepliantos domitandi gratia. 
 Plin. 8, 8, 8. 5. perdomo, i (to t. 
 thwoughly) : to t. serpeids thoroughly, 
 p. serpent«s, Ov. H. i z, 164: Liv. It 
 occurs mostly in the sense of subduing 
 thorouglily, in which acceptation edomo 
 also is found in Cic, Hur., etc. 6. 
 mltigo, I (to make gentle) : nor is any 
 animal so savage that management can- 
 not t. it, nee uUum tam imraaiisuetum 
 animal est quod non cura mitiget. Sen. 
 Ben. I, 2, 5 : to t. the fierceness of all 
 animals, m. feritatem omnium animal- 
 ium, Plin. 24, 17, to2, ad fin. 7. mi- 
 tlf ico, I ( = preced.) : to t. elephants, 
 elephantos m., Plin. 8, 8, 8. 8. cicuro 
 is quoted from Pacuvius in Varr. 1^. L. 
 ■7. 5. 98(}9i, Miill.). Phr.: to<., man- 
 suetem reddere, PI. As. i, 2, 19. 
 
 tamely: I. Lit- fxpr. by adj. 
 
 II. Fig.: 1. ignave: to say 
 
 many things t., Ignave dicere multa, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, 1,67. 2. languide: Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, 9, 25. 3. expr. by adj. : we 
 t. behold Hannibal, Hannibalem lenti 
 spectamus, Liv. 22, 14. 
 
 tameness: I. Lit.: mansuetiido; 
 the t. of the elephant, m. elephanti. Just. 
 15,4. II. Fig.: lentitudo: not to 
 
 get angry al all is a sign not only of 
 dignity but sometimes eren nf t., omnino 
 non irasci est non solum gravitatis sed 
 nonnunquam etlam lentitndinis, Cic. Q. 
 Fr. I, I, I ;, $ }8 : books of the same t. 
 and coldness, libri ejusdem I. et teporis, 
 Tac. Or 21,4. 
 
 tamer : 1. mansuetarius : Lampr. 
 Heliog. 21, I. 2, dbmitor (the usual 
 term) ■ a t. of horses, d. equoruni, Cic. 
 Oft. I, 26, 90/. -trix, Virg. G ?, 44: 
 the club (of Hercules) that t.s nild beasts, 
 clava d. ferarum. Ov. H. 9, 117 : so fig. 
 of iron as the strongest metal, Plin. jb, 
 16, 25. 
 
 taming: 1. domitus, iis: we 
 render conveyance on quadrupeds prac- 
 «J6 
 
 ticable through t., efficimus d. nostro 
 quadrupednm vectiones, Cic. N. O. 2,60, 
 15 '■ 2. dOmitiira: the t. of oxen 
 takes place when they are three years 
 old, d. boum in trimatu, Plin. 8, 45, 70, 
 ad med. 
 
 tamper: |. Kxp. by se immis- 
 
 cere : v. meddle. Phr.: to t. with a 
 wound, contreetare vulnus, Ov. Pont. 2, 
 2, 60. II. To endeavour to corrupt : 
 1, aggredior, gressus, j (a strong 
 expr.) : to t. with all by bribes, onmes 
 pecunia a.. Sail. J. 28, ad init. : to t. 
 with the ambassadors severally, legatos 
 alium ab alio diversos a., id. ib. 46. 
 2. lento, I (with abl. of instrument) : 
 to t. with the minds of the slaves by hope 
 and fear, aninios servorum spe et metu 
 t., Cic. Clu. 6}, 176: tot. luith the trial 
 by bribes, judicium pecunia t., id. ib. 4, 9. 
 3. sollicito, I (with al/l. of in>tru- 
 ment, or abs.) : I have ascertained that 
 the ambassadors were t.'d urith by Len- 
 tulus, comperi legatos a Lentulo esse 
 sollicitatos, Cic. Cat. J, 2, 4: v. corrupt. 
 
 tampering: solliciratio: the t.u-Uh 
 the Allobroges, s. AUobvogum, Cic. Cat. 
 J, 9, 22 : expr. also by the verbs. 
 
 tan (subs.) : * cortex coriarius (Kr.). 
 
 tan ("•)•■ !• ^^ pi'epare leather: 
 expr. by coria, pelles perficere, Plin. 2?, 
 I, 16: 24, II, 56: sublgere. Cat. R. R. 
 18, 7 : depsgre, id. IJ5, j : conficere, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, ij: V. DRESS, cuRRv. Com.: 
 to t. one's hide, alicui corium concidere, 
 PI. Am. prol. 85. II. To discolour : 
 colore, I : vhen I walk in the sun it 
 naturally happens that I become t.'d, 
 quum in sole ambulem natura fit ut 
 colorer, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 60 : t.'d by the 
 sun, adustus, perustus: v. siinbdknt, 
 
 SWARTHV. 
 
 tandem : nearest word perh. prote- 
 lum equorum. after Plin. 9. 15, 17 : to 
 drive t, when there are many horses 
 perh. ire cuitu multijugis equis: cf. 
 Liv. 28, 9. 
 
 tangent : * linea tangens : more 
 exactly, linea recta quae circulum 
 tangit. 
 
 tangible: Lit: l, tractabi- 
 lis (that may be handled) : everything 
 which has come into being imtst neres- 
 sarily be t., t. omne necesse est esse quod 
 natum est, Cic. Tim. 4, ad fin. 2. 
 tactilis: Lucr. 5, i;i (q. v.). 3. 
 tanglbilis : Lact. 4. contreclabi- 
 
 lis: id. 
 
 tangle («•) • impllco, i : v. en- 
 tangle. 
 
 tttugle (subs.) : 1. implicatio : 
 
 the t. of the nerves, i. nervorum, Cic. 
 N. 1>. 2, 55, IJ9. Fig.: on cuxoiint of 
 the t. in which his affairs were, propter 
 i. rei familiaris, id. Sest. 46, 99. 2. 
 expr. by nodus or nexus, us : sevn-al 
 knots tied in a t, and concealing their 
 interlacings, complures nodi in seniet- 
 ipsos implicali et celantes nexus, Curt. 
 J, I, 15. Phr.: hair in a t., capilUis 
 implexus atque impeditus, App. Apol. 
 p. 276. 
 
 tank: 1. lacus, us: to clean out 
 t.s, 1 detergere, Liv. jq, 44: Hor. Sat. 1, 
 4. ?7- 2. castellum (a t. connected 
 with an aqueduct) : Plin. }6, 15,24,$ 121. 
 3. piscina: t.s of wood, p. ligneae, 
 Plin. 54, 12, }2: t.s and cisterns, p. cis- 
 ternaeque, Tac. H. 5, 12. 4. cistema 
 (an underground t.): Plin. 56, 2 J, 52: 
 hence t.-water, aqua cistemina. Sen. Ep. 
 86, 21 : V. RESERVOIR. 5. in Vltr. 8, 
 7, ad init., the expr. receptaculum 
 (aquae), and also iraniissarium, are 
 found for t.s connected with aqueducts. 
 
 tankard : nearest word cantharus, 
 Virg. E. 6, 17 : Hor. More exactly 
 * cantharus operculatus. 
 
 tanner: cOrlarius, Plin. 17, 9, 6: 
 coricjrum confector, Kirni. Math, i, 9, 
 87 ; siibactarius, Inscr Grut. 
 
 tanning: expr. by verb: a shrub 
 useful in t., frutex coriarius, Plin. 24, 
 
 II.54- 
 
 tansy ; Tanacetum vulgare, Lmn. 
 
 tantalize : perh. * Tantali exemplo 
 cruciare aliquem; v. torment. 
 
 tantamount : v. eqdh'alent. 
 
 tanyard: coriarii cfficina, Plin. n 
 
 9.6. 
 
 tap (subs.): _ !• -^ slight blow: 
 
 expr. by * ictus, plaga levis. ||. A 
 pipe ivith a cock attached : perh. 'fistula 
 cum epistomio manubrio incluso, after 
 Vitr. 10, 8, ; (ScLnekler) : epistoniium 
 is a mouth-piece or bung, and in the 
 same passage to turn the t. is expr. by 
 manubrium torquere. 
 
 tap (''■)•■ I. To hit lightly: expr. 
 by *leviter ferire, or by pulse, i (to 
 knock) or similar verbs, where the con- 
 text shows the meaning : he t.s his breast 
 ii-ith his fingers, pectus digitig pultat, 
 PI. Mil. 2, 2, 49: v. KNOCK. II, To 
 bore a hole in a cask, etc. 1. rillno, 
 levi, J (to remove the pitch with which, 
 ace. to Roman custom the wine-jar> 
 were sealed) : / have I'd all the casks. 
 relevi omnia dolia, Ter. Heaut. j, i, 51. 
 2. expr. by various phrr. : vina 
 dolio promere, Hor. Epod. 2, 47 : ivine 
 from a cask not t.'d previously, merum 
 non ante verso cado, id. Od. }, 29, 2 : to 
 drink nnne newly t.'d, de dolio haurire, 
 Cic. Brut. 8j, 288 : v. broach. 3, 
 it special ret. is made to the modern 
 method, perh. 'dolium forare, terebrare. 
 III. To t. for dropsy: hydropico 
 aquam emittere, Cels. 7, 15, ad init. 
 
 tape : nearest word taenia (o rib- 
 band): dimin., taeniola, (^1. 11, j, 2J 
 (applied to strips of sea-weed, used in 
 tying up cabbages). 
 
 taper (s"f>s)-" 1. cereus: Cic. Off. 
 !, 20, 80. 2. fiinalls (o wax-torch) : 
 id. Sen. i}, 44: Virg.: Hor. 3. can- 
 dela: Juv. i, 287. [N.B.— Though 
 
 candela does not occur in Cic, the de- 
 rivative candelabrum does. CereSlari- 
 um, or -are, a stand for wax t.s, occurs 
 in Inscr.] 
 
 taper (adj.) : 1. fasti^tus (see 
 under the verb). 2. turbinatus 
 
 (shaped Wee a top): a mo)e t. form, 
 turbinatior figura, Plin. 15, i;, 17: the 
 t. form uf the pear, lurbinatio piri, id. 
 15, 2i,2j. 3. teres, 6tls (iieii-rouJid- 
 ed: poet.): t. fingers, t. digiti, Ov. A. A. 
 I, 622 : a t. little arm, brachiolum t., 
 Catul. 61, 181 . vith her t. neck thrmem 
 back, t. cervice reposta, Lucr. i, 35. 
 Phr.: the outline of the shield is m/rre 
 t. toirards the bottom, forma scuti ad 
 imum cuneatior, Liv. 9, 40, ad init. 
 
 taper (»•)•• 1. fastigor, I (used 
 esp. in the perf. part. = t.ing) : the 
 leaves t. to a fine point, folia in exilita- 
 tem tastigantur, Plin. 24,19,118: comets 
 t.ing to a point, comet:ie in mucronem 
 f., id. 2, 25, 22. 2. expr. by introduc- 
 ing a comparison with the nietae or 
 cones that marked the goal in the race- 
 course : a hill t.ing to a sharp conical 
 peak, coUis in modum meiae in acutum 
 cacumen fastigatus, Liv. J7. 27 : the t.- 
 ing cypress, metas imitata cupressus, 
 Ov. M. 10, 106 : an vnbroken circum- 
 ference t.ing like a cone from a broad 
 base to narrow dimensions at the top, 
 continuus orbis latiore initio tenuem in 
 ambitum metae modo exsurgens, Tac. 
 H. 2, J. 3. gracilesco, j (very rare): 
 a t.ing obelisk, g. obeliscus, Amm. 17, 
 
 4.7- 
 
 tapering (subs.) •• contractura : Vitr. 
 }, 2 (J). 12. 
 
 tapestry : no exact word : the near- 
 est are : J, anlaeum (iisu. in pi : a 
 curtain) : the hanging t., suspensa a., 
 Hor. S. 2, 8, 54, Orell. : cf. Virg. G. j, 
 j;- 2. velum (a curtain separating 
 apartments) : he hid himtelf under the 
 t. that hung across the doorway, inter 
 praetenta forilnis v. se al>iidit. Suet. 
 Claud. 10 : hanging t., pendentia v., 
 Juv. 6, 227. 3. lapete. is, n. (the 
 following irreg. forms occur by the side 
 of the reg. ones: ace. sing. muse, tapeta, 
 Sil. 4, 270: abl. sing, tapete, Sil. 17, 64. 
 ace. pi. masc. tapetas, Virg. Ain. 9, 558 . 
 abl. pi. tapetis, id. ib. 7, 277) this word 
 seems always 10 denote t. used as a 
 carpet or coverlet, or to throw over 
 thrones, etc. : v. carpet. 4. P*'''' 
 
 peripgtasma, C!ic. Verr. 4, 12, 27. Phr. . 
 a tent of wrought t, tabemaculum tex-
 
 TAPE- WORM 
 
 TASTE 
 
 TASTE 
 
 tilibus signis cxornatmn, Val. Max. 9, i , 
 txi. 4: l<> ''«"</ «"^'*' "•''<'' '•• pa'"'<^'f* 
 aulaeis (or poet, textilibus pictiiris, 
 Lucr. 2, i5; vestire, after Cic. Verr. 4, 
 
 tape-worm: taenia: t.s of io feet 
 and upnards in Irmjtlt. I. tiicenum pt-d- 
 um el phiiiiim longiiudine, I'lln. 11, Si, 
 jq. *t. Kjliuin et vulsaris, 1-imi. 
 
 tap-house, tap-room : taberna : 
 
 T. TAVKKN. 
 
 tapir : * tapirus. 
 
 tapster : nearest word minister 
 (vini) : cf. Calul. 21. I. 
 
 tar : P'x liquida. Plln. 24, 7. 24 = 
 mineral t., maltha, id. 2, 104, 108: or 
 naphtha, id. 2. 10;. 104 (a kind of ptlio- 
 leum): til t, pice li(iuirta illiiiere, afttr 
 id. 29, 6, J4. i "°: '" ^"'"^ vesseU a 
 thick coat of t., vasa cra.-^e pieare, Col. 
 12, 4?, 5 : t. from the pines of Ida, 
 Idaeae pices, Virg. G. j, 450: the t.'d 
 ship, uiuta carina, id. Aen. 4, 398 : o 
 t.-pot. * vas picis liquidae scrvandae. 
 
 tarantula : *aranea tarantula (tar- 
 entnla) ; in I'lln. 18. n, 44, adfn.: pha- 
 langium is au unidenlltied venomous 
 spuler. 
 
 tardily: tarde, Cic. : V. SLOWLY, 
 tardiness: tardltas, Cic: v. slow- 
 mess. 
 tardy : tardus : v. slow, late. 
 tare: I- ^ ^''^'^'^ grovnng among 
 corn: ' 1. loliuui : the unfruitful t.s, 
 infelix 1., Viig. K. ;, i-): 1. tcmulenlum, 
 Linn. 2. aera (alpa): Pliii. «8, 17. 
 44, adfm. 3. zizjinium (only in pi.: 
 a gen. term for noxious v;eeds) : Vulg. 
 Matt xiii. 50: Prud. ||. vlcla: v. 
 VETCH. III. A t. t. in commerce: 
 *quod mensiirae (ponderi), deest. 
 
 target: I. Panna: V. SHIELD. 
 
 II. A mark to aim at: scOpus 
 (o-kottm): to hold out the open hand as 
 a t., praebeie pro scope dispansam mamis 
 palmam, Suet. Dom. 19. Phr. : to hurl 
 the dart beyond the t., trans fiuem jacu- 
 lum expeUire, Hor. (W. i, 8, 12. 
 
 targeteer: expr. by cltpeatus, pel- 
 tebtes, Li v.: cetratus, Caes.: v. shield- 
 bear I':b. 
 
 targum : * targum, (n. induct., with 
 indecl. pi- targuniini) : versio Judaica. 
 A taryumist, targumista. 
 
 tariff : * formula (portoria) exigendi 
 (Kr.) : V, also i-bice-mst. 
 
 tarnish: I. Lit-: A. '[• w*^ 
 
 1, decOloro, l : that oj vhich the 
 colour is spoilt, not altered, is t.'d, de- 
 coloratur id cujus color vitiatur non 
 mutalur, Sen. N. Q. 2, 4°> ^ • Hor. 
 
 2. heb6t«, I (to render dull) : the 
 Irrighlness of mirrors is t.'d, speculorum 
 fulgor hebetatur (joined to prae.slrlng- 
 itnr), Plin. 7, 15, ij. B. intrans.: 
 
 1. bebesco, i: Tac. Ann. 1, }o (ap- 
 plied io the stars losing their brlglitness). 
 
 2. pallesco, liii, ? : v. grow dim. 
 11'. t' i g- • praefloro, i : to t. his 
 
 glory,' p. gloriam, Liv. J7, 58, adfm.: 
 
 v. SULLY, STAIN. 
 
 tarpaulin: *veiumpTcatum. 
 tarry : commOror, I : V. STOP, so- 
 journ. 
 
 tart (.subs.): 1. scriblita (scri- 
 bilita): while the t.s are iiacni, dum s. 
 aestuant, I'l. Foen. prol. 45: Mart.: 
 Petr. 2. crustuluin (dimin. of crust- 
 nm. a small j)i'e<.e of pastry) : Hor. S. 1, 
 1, 25. Sen. 3. adipata, n. pi. {sc. 
 edulia, pastry made with fat) : Mart. 
 14. 22}, lemma. 4. expr. by various 
 phrases: liulces figurae. Mart. 14, 222: 
 dulciola mellita, Apul. M. 4, p. 155: v. 
 also CAKE. A ^-mafc<.-7•, crustularius. Sen. 
 Ep. 56, 2 ; sriiblitarius, Afran. in Not). 
 I (I. I'l ■ perh. also pistor dulciarius. 
 Marl. 14, 212, lemma : v. confec- 
 tioner. 
 
 t&Tt (.adj.): I. Lit,: 1. acTd- 
 us: V. ACID, SOUR. 2. mordax, acis : 
 t. vinegar, m. acetum, Pers. 5, 86. ||. 
 Kig. : asper: v. pungent, I'.iting. 
 
 tartan ■ siagulum versicolor, Tac. H. 
 2, 20 . cf. Liv. 9. 40 : virgatum sagiilum, 
 Virg. Aen. 8, (>6o (said of the Gauls). 
 
 Tartar: Tartarus (cf. Smith's Gib- 
 bon, vol. }, p. 294, note) . Phr.: to 
 
 catch a T., perh. lupum auribus tcnere, 
 
 T>r. Ph. }. 2, 21 : Suet. 
 
 Tartarean: tariareus: y'^-= ^,'- = 
 comic, in Phaedr. 4, 6, 10, of the belly: 
 tartarinus, Knn. in FestUB. 
 
 tartish: su'iaci<bis, Cat. K. K. 108, 
 2; lUwliilus, I'liii. 15, 1 5. I<>- 
 
 tartly : mor(iacit<?r : v. sharply. 
 
 tartness : mordacitas, acor : also 
 morsus, (is: Mart.: I'liu. : v. aciuitv, 
 pungency. 
 
 task (fttbs.): 1. pensum (prop, 
 the wool weighed out for a day's spin- 
 ning: hence, tvork assigned) : Ui assujn 
 a t., p. imperare. Quint. }, 7. 6. to per- 
 form one's t, p. facere, PI. Merc. 2, 5, 
 62: conficere, ib. Pers. 2, 4. I : peragere, 
 Col. ?, 10, 7 : absolvere, Varr. K. K. 2, 2, i : 
 to perform a t. scrupulously, p. accural e, 
 ri Bac 5, 2, }6. Fig.: I •^'''^ ^^"" 
 myself tu my dutn and t., me ad meiim 
 munus et p. revocabo, Cic. de Or. j, jo, 
 119 2 opus, 6ris, n. (irurk to be 
 
 doj.e) : a great and difficult t.. magnum 
 
 0, et dlfticile, Cic. Tusc. ?, M. 84- '" 
 taie a t. to perform, o. debere. Hor. Kp. 
 
 1, 1, 21 : to app<jint the t.s for the whide 
 day, o. In lotura diem ordinare, guint. 
 I 2 12: their toil at their t., opcrum 
 labores, Virg. Aen. i, 455: to perform 
 one's t., opus efflcere, Cic. Top. 16, 62; 
 conficere. Id. Fragm. in Col. 12, i, t- 
 Join: efflcere et navare, Id. Alt. 9, 1 1 : 
 this is the t., this the toil, hoc opus, bic 
 labor est, Virg. Aen. 6, 129: v. under- 
 taking. 3. negotiura (^biuiness): to 
 undertake a L, n. suscipere, Cic. Cat. }, 
 
 2, 5 : either to finish or relinquish the t., 
 n. aut conficere, aut deponere, id. Att. 
 7, 5, ad /HI.: to assign any one the t. 
 of .., dare alicui n. ut. . ., Caes. B. G. 2, 
 2: V. BUSINI--^. Phr.: strength equal 
 to the t., vires quae sufliciuiit lalxjrl, 
 Quint. 10. J, J : to take to t., objurgare : 
 
 v. CHIDK, BEPROMC. . 
 
 task ("■) : imponere pensum (alicui), 
 Quint. J, 7, 6 . she t.s her maids, famulas 
 exercet penso, Virg. Aen. 8,412: to t. 
 the strength of the people so much, laii- 
 tum oneris plebi imponere, Cic Verr. 2. 
 
 55, I}8 : V. BURDEN. 
 
 master : exactor (opens), Liv. 
 
 45, J7: Col.: so, exactor studiorum. 
 Quint. I, J, 14: operum niagister, piae- 
 fectus, Vulg. E.\od. i. 11 : v. ij. 
 
 tassel" prob. cirrus: this word docs 
 not occur in the sivii. in this sense: 
 Veg. uses it of the tuft of hair on a 
 horses forehead or fetlock : in pi. : nith 
 ts hanging lioiirw, cirris dopendenlibus, 
 I'haedr. 2, 5, U : v. fringe : perh. also 
 it may be expr. by tegmenta {trim- 
 mings). 
 
 taste (subs.): A. li|t.: |. 
 
 The .':eiisi: of t. : 1. gustatus, us ; t., 
 which is themostpkasurablesei.se oJ all, 
 g. qui est sensus omnium maxime vol- 
 uptarius, Cic. de Or. ?, 25. 99 ^ ""^ •■■*"«« 
 of t., sensus g., I'lin. 10, 71, 9'- 2. 
 palatum {tlie organ of t., the palate : 
 rarely palatus, »i.): hot wines blunt a 
 drlicate t., fervida subtile exsiirdaiit 
 Vina p., Hor. S. 2, 8, }8 : to have iw I.. 
 p. non habere, Favorlnus in Gell. 15, 8: 
 th^re is no gratification of the t.. palati 
 gratia nulla est, I'lin. 15, J, 4. ad fii. 
 3. silpor, oris, w. : Lucr. 4, 492. 
 Phr.: the palate has not the sense of I., 
 non sapit palatus (a/, -urn), Cic tin. 2, 
 8,24. II flavour: 1. .^aiwr.ons, 
 m. : its oion peculiar k-ind oJ t., suum 
 propriuui genus saporis, Cic Fin. }, 10, 
 U- a siiett t., dulcls s., Hor. 0<1. ?, i. 
 iq- (I howy-sweet t., 8. melleus, I'lin. 15. 
 14 15 the inimitalAe t. of honey, mcihs 
 s. iniiiiltabilis, Quint. I, 10, 7 '• a pure t., 
 s incorrnptus, Vitr. 8, ?, I : a fragrant 
 and plea.wU t., s. odoratus et jucundus, 
 Plin. 26, 8, 50 ; an exquusitf <.,s. argulii.-. 
 Pall. 5, 25, 4 : a sour t., s. aspcr, V irg. G. 
 4, 277 ■ acerbus, acidus, I'lin. i>. 27, J2 : 
 a sourish t., s. acidulus. id. 1?, i;, 16: 
 a brack-ish t.. s. asper, id. 2, 100, 104: 
 insipid, bitter, tart, puntifiit. .<:harp. .-^alt 
 t.. pinguis, amarus. auslerus. ai.r, aci.t- 
 us, salsus s., id. 15, ^l, Ji W- ''••V " t 
 t , s. f.-rvidus, Id. 20, 1 1. 44 : appl'S of a 
 disagrteaOU t., tristi poma saporo, Uv. 
 
 Tr. 4, 6, 12 : the percrjjtion of U lift tW 
 the palatt, iiiU-llectus sap'jiuin in palato, 
 Plin, II, J7, 6?, atr.: to acquire a t. 
 that Jo^s not pi oprrly belong to it, al jeno 
 s. iiifici. id. 15. J. 4 I" '"« thnrpeifect 
 t., int'-grum perdere s.. Hor. S. 2, 4, 54 
 2. gustatiis, us : Wi-' pleaiant t. «</ 
 appl'^s, jiicundns g. pouioruni, Cic N. U. 
 2, 6j, 158 : a grape rtry t"ur to t., uva 
 peracerba guttatu. id. .S^n. 15, 5} (where 
 g. may be the sup. of gusto). 3. S"»- 
 tu.s, us (jirop. a t.ing: not in Cn;); a 
 lery suett I., suavisolmus g, t'lln. 25, 9, 
 64: an astringent t., g. astrictn*. id. 27, 
 12, 96: a sourer t., g. austerior, Oil. 12, 
 12, 2; the t. is tpoiUd, g. commipi- 
 tur, id. i, 21, 6 4. sAliva: the t. 
 
 of thrushes, s. tnrdamm. I'lrs. 6, 24: 
 i'rop.: I'lin. 5. ''Xpr. by abstract 
 nouns formed from the adjt. d.n.iling 
 the flavour: as. a suetl t.. .lulcedo: a 
 brackish t., asperitas : o bitter t.. ami.ri- 
 tudo. etc: v. also the o. taste. I'hr.: 
 a bitter t. in tlie mouth, «n> amai nru. 
 Ols. I , }, No. 4 : hrmey that has a t. of 
 leaves,xue\ froiide inlectuin. I'lin. 11, i{. 
 1 5 : impure sallpetrt has a punymt t., 
 nitruni adultcraium pungi'. 'd. J>, «o, 
 46, ^114: "''' u-ater acquiies a bitter t„ 
 aqua perficilur amara, Viir. 8, J, 11 Oie 
 duck has a vidgar t, anas plebeiuni 
 sapit, Petr. 9J (poet.). |||. Act of t- 
 ing a little : a small quantity Id : L 
 gustus, its: o t. of salt, g. salis. Plin. 
 }i, 6, n: to test the feast by taking a «, 
 < p'ulas explorare gustu, Tac A. 12. 66: 
 o draught from which a t. had been 
 taken, libata gusln polio, id. ib. ij, 16: 
 of a light refreshment befoie a meal. 
 Mart. II, Ji,4- 2. g"sliilus (dimin. 
 of preced.) : to get ready a t., g. prae- 
 parare, App. M. 9. p. 2J2: v. snack. 
 WHET, REUSH. I' b r. : to t. a t.. Unger« 
 saporem, Ov. F. j, 745- B. ' 'g-^ 
 I Critical judgment: 1. judi- 
 cium" (a gen. term used specifically): 
 delicatt. ears nnti a critical t., leretw 
 aures intelligeiisque j , Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 
 II- it is perceived bv the secret exercise 
 of the t.as though by the palate, sentilur 
 latente j. velut palato, Qulnl. 6, j, 19: 
 a most refined person in every depart- 
 ment of t., homo in omni j. elegantis- 
 simus,Cic Fam. 7, 2J, 1 : to havafne 
 t for literature, exciiiisilo j. uti Ulerar- 
 uni, id. Off. I, J7. nr. a fine t. fm- 
 discriminating works of art, J. subule 
 videndis artibus, Hor. F.p. ^•'•^4i: 
 your somewhat refined and polished t.. 
 iimatuliim et polilum j., Cic Fam. 7. J5. 
 I- t.s diller, varia sunt j., id. Ur^u. ?«>. 
 ' 2 intelligenlia (capacity Jor du- 
 
 i crimination) : mind he dae^ "'*' *"'^, 
 ! in point of t. those who nxsl, to be called 
 men of refinement, virle iie lUe 1. istoN 
 qui se elegantes dici volunt, vicerii. Cic 
 i Verr. 4, 44, 98- 3. sSpor, orus. m. 
 ' frare): o certain innate t., ncsclo qui> t=. 
 ' vernaculus. Cic BiuL 46. ni: av^" 
 void of t., homo sine sapore. Id. In ."^ei . 
 p red 6, 14: a couvtr>ation of iu> vul- 
 u'ar (.sermo non publtci »., Petr. j, 1. 
 4 clegantia (esp. as shown in the 
 style of living, etc.): 9 ,<^"0']^r^'"^ 
 I bued with Oie good t. oJ her Jather, pa- 
 tris e. tincta filia, Cic. Brul. 58. 211 all 
 else that seems w<,rU,y <// your good t 
 cetera quae luae e. (ijen.) es.sc vldeniui 
 id Att I 8. 2 : tAe delicacy and t. of 
 nimr writings, ^criptorum subtiUtas el 
 
 e., id. Fam. 4. 4. "J ""'• J " ' " ;^- ':' 
 munditia, id. Or. 2}. 79: F"'"- 9. W. <;. 
 
 REFINEWt-NT. 5. 'j"'- ^"'^ "/.V"^ 
 
 rare)- the house displayed more t. than 
 magnificence. t<-ctum plus stilus quam 
 
 sumptW li«l>^l>"'- N>-P- •V'- ■^■. vUV 
 STYLE. I'hr.: men oJ t.. homin.* ven- 
 usiiores. Catul. }. 2: a kyprrcrxtxcal t, 
 fastidlum delicalissinuim, Cic Hu. 1. t. 
 ? - an age of life " ',0. spnghthne^^ u, 
 in better t„ lasciva d.cenlius aelas, Hor. 
 Fd 2 2 216 : plain in Ihy good t.. sim- 
 plex niunditils. Id. Od. I. 5. 5 : «' '■' '"-J; 
 
 manteii to every man to have I .n 
 
 cuicuiique datum est habere nasum 
 
 ! Marl. .. 41. 18. II. f J'-^- '■^••7^, 
 1 gustiitus, lis : to hai<e no t. Jor 
 true praise, verae laudis g. non habera 
 8}7
 
 TASTE 
 
 T A U N I' 
 
 TAWDUIIjY 
 
 Cic. Phil. 2, 45, 115. 2. palatum (or 
 -us. m.) : asldng far vndehj different 
 things tvilh varioits t.s, poscentes vario 
 mnltum diversa p., Hor. Ep. 2. 2, 62. 
 3. sWmachus verij (luryemis plans, 
 hut not to your t, ludi appaiatis&imi, sed 
 non tui s., Cic Fam. 7,1,2: mann things 
 take his t, multa s. soUicitant, Plln. Ep. 
 I, 24. 4. expr. by studiuni, ggnius : 
 V. iKCLrNATroN, LIKING. P li r. '.o have 
 a t.foi- these things, haec sensu (nostro) 
 gustare, Cic. Arch, -j, 17 : it ivas long the 
 t, at Rome, Romae dulce diu fuit, Hor. 
 Ep. 2, I, i-^J • having had a t.for music 
 instilled ivtn him, imbutus musica. Suet. 
 Ner. 20, in it. : every oiie has his oum t., 
 SUU8 cuique mos est, Ter. Ph. 2, 4. 14 : 
 as a pruv., "suam cuique sponsara, niihi 
 meam;" "suum cuique amoreni, niihi 
 meum," Cic. Att. 14, 20 ( = every one 
 to his t.: a quotation from Altiiius): 
 a man vith some t. for Ian; homo 
 a juris studio non abhorrens, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 59, 179; to have no t. fan- fight- 
 ing, a pugnando abhorrere, id. Att. 7, 
 U- III. Foretaste, sample : 1. 
 
 gustus, us : / unshed to give you a t.. g. 
 tibi dare volui. Sen. Ep. 114, 18: at. of 
 our verse-making, versificationis nostrae 
 g., Col. II, I, 2. 2. libamentum (a 
 tTiuill pwtifm taken as a t.) : to give 
 a little t. of dialei-tics, breve ex dialec- 
 tica 1. dare.Gell. 16, 8, ad fin.: the poet, 
 form libamen, inis, occurs in Ov. Her. 
 
 4. ^7- 
 
 taste (I'): i. Trans.: 1. 
 
 gusto, I (constr. with ace. or de) : they 
 think it unlavful to I. the hare, leporem 
 g. fas non putant, Caes. B. G. 5, 12: to 
 t. vater, aqnam g., Cic. Kani. 7, 26: to t. 
 a little (f the draught, g. de potione. 
 Suet. Tit. 2: of .Hor. 8.2,5,82, Orell. 
 Fig.: to t. the sweetness of life, g. sua- 
 vitatera vitae, Cic. Tusc. i, J9", 9; : to t. 
 liberty, g. libertatem, id. Rep. 2, 28 : to 
 t. the blood of the citizens, g. sanguinem 
 ctvilem, id. Phil. 2, 29, 71 : to t. slightly, 
 g. primis, ul dicitur, labris, id. N. D. 1, 
 8, 20. 2. degusto, I : to t. wine, d. 
 vinum, Cato R. R. 148: nor was the 
 lotos bitter to him who t.d it, nee degus- 
 tanti lotos amara fuit, 0^'. Pont. 4, lo, 
 18. Fig.: to t. the same land of life, 
 eandem vitam d., Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 61 : 
 to t. the supreme pouter, d. imperium, 
 Tac. A. 6, 20. 3. libo, i (f" take a 
 little from) ; bees t. the streams, apes 
 flumina libant, Virg. Cr. 4, 54 : to t. the 
 liver, 1. .tecur, Liv. 25, 16, ad init. : 
 to t. a little of the drink, I. potionem 
 gustu, Tac. A. 1 J. 16. 4. delibo, i : 
 to t. a very Utile meat, d. paullulum 
 carnis, Petr. i}6, I. Fig.: to t. a new 
 honour, d. novum honorem, Liv. 5, 12, 
 ad fin. .- Ov P h r. : to try by t.ing, 
 gustu explorare, Tac. A. 12, 66- to t. 
 vnne and spit it out >igain. pytissiire, 
 Ter Heaut. j, i, 48 : a fountain that 
 cannot be t.d, fons ingustabilis, Plin. 2, 
 106, no: to t. the grass, herbam attin- 
 gere, Virg. E. 5, 26: the inside of a 
 bream as yet uvt.d, ingustata ilia rhom- 
 bi, Hor. S. 2, 8, Jo : not to t. death, Ach- 
 eronta fugere, id. Od. ?, j, 16 (gustare 
 mortem is only found in Eccl. and very 
 late authors). ||. In trans.: 1. 
 sapio, ivi or ii, } (with adv. or ace. that 
 denotes the I.) tlie oil vill t. bad, oleum 
 male sapiet, Cato R. R. 66. 1 . the fish 
 t.s of the very sea. piscis s. ipsum mare, 
 Sen. N. Q. j, 18, 2: he asked how the 
 monkeij would t., quaesivit quldnara 
 saperet simius, Phaedr. }, 4, j. 2. 
 resTpio, } to t. of iron, r. ferrum, Varr 
 R. K.I. 54. ad fin. : it is a fault to t. of 
 an thing at iili, vitium est oranino quid- 
 quam r., Plin. ?i, }, 22. Fig. • o man 
 who by no means t.s of his country, homo 
 minime resipiens (al. respiciens) pa- 
 triani, Cic. N P. 2, 17, 46. Phr. to 
 smeU and t. like saffron, odorem crocl 
 saporemque reddere, Plin. }6, 2}, 55. 
 extr. ; discourse that t.s of the city, 
 sermo praeferens gustum quendam ur- 
 bis, tjuini. 6, j, 17 : ting of the peculiar 
 flavour of Athens, reddens Athenarum 
 proprium saporem, id. 6, }, 107 : v, 
 
 SMACK OP. 
 
 838 
 
 taste again : regusto, i • to t. one's 
 
 bile over again, r. bileni. Sen. Prov. j, 
 
 I } to t. the panegyric again (i. e. read 
 
 it anew), laudationem r., Cic. Att. i ?, 48 
 
 ■ — beforehand : 1. praegusto, 
 
 I : Ov. : Juv. 2. praelibo, i : Stat. 
 tasteful : I, L i U : sapidus, App. 
 V. SAVOTiKr II. Fig.: 1. elggaiis: 
 a t. Mter, e. epistola, Cic. Att. 16, i ? ; t., 
 not gorgemis, e., non magnificus, Nep. 
 Atr. 1 5, 5 a fine and t. viiter, subtilis 
 scriptor atqiie e., Cic. Brut. 9, 55 : a t. 
 choice of words, e. verborum delectus, 
 id. ib. '78, 272. 2. perelegans (vei-y 
 t.) : a most t. and polished speech, p. et 
 persubtili.s oratio, Cic. I'lanc. 24, 58. 
 3. coiicinnus(»ieo( in orrangement) -. 
 one or two rather t. verses, uiius et alter 
 oincinnior versus, Hor. Ep. 2, I, 74. 
 Join : c. et elegans, Cic. Fin. 5, 5, I J 
 
 V. REFINED, ELEGANT. 
 
 tastefully : 1. el«ganter : to 
 
 speak t, e. dicere, Cic. Brut. 22, 86 : very 
 t., pereleganter, id. 52, 197. 2. con- 
 cinne {neatly) : dressed elegantly and t., 
 vestila {fern.) lepide et c, PI. Epid. 2, 2, 
 48 : Cic. 3. sclte (skilfully) : to ar- 
 range a banquet t., convivium s. exor- 
 nare. Sail. Jug. 85 : a young she-goat t. 
 sculptureti, capella s. facta, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 J5, 87. P h r. : to ai~iange anything t., 
 concinnare aliquid, PI. Men. i, i, 26: a 
 little table t. laid out, concinnaticia men- 
 sula, App. M. 2, p. 119. 
 
 tastefulness : eiegantia: v. TASTE 
 (subs.). B., 1. 
 
 tasteless: |, Lit.: 1. insulsus 
 (without salt: hence insipid): more t. 
 food, cibus insulsior, Hier. Ep. 22, n. 40 : 
 throat thai longs for t. things, gu- 
 lam i., Cic. Att. ij. Ji, extr. 2. fatu- 
 us- t. beetroot, f. betae. Mart, i;, ij, i. 
 
 3. vapidus (having lost its flavour, 
 flat) : t. ivine, v. vinum, Col. 12, 5, init. 
 
 4. insipidus: Firm. Math. 2, 12 : 
 V. INSIPID. 5. expr. by a phr. : as, 
 water is t., sine sapore est aqua, Plin. 
 15, 27, J2 : the venison is t., nil dania 
 sapit, Juv. II, 121. jj. Fig.: 1. 
 iiielegans: a physical meaning that is 
 not t., physica ratio non i., Cic. N. D. 2, 
 24,64. 2. insulsus: o man that is 
 sharp and not t., acutus nee i homo, 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 8, 15 : a very t. fdlow, in- 
 sulsissimus homo, Catul. 17, 12. 3, 
 inconcinnus (devoid of neatness) : a boor- 
 ish and t. roughne.ss, asperitas agrestis et 
 i., Hor. Ep. I, 18, 6: t. in some nspect, 
 in aliquo genere i., Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17 : 
 
 V. COARSE, INELEGANT, RUDK. Phr.: 
 
 foolish and t. generation '. seclum in- 
 sipiens et infacetum, Catul. 4,', 8. 
 
 tastelessly : 1. ineieganter : to 
 
 tvrite t., i. scribere, Cic. Brut. 26, lot. 
 2, insulse : to do anything t., i. ali- 
 quid facere, Cic. Att. 15, 4, ad init. 
 
 tastelessness : 1. insuisiias : 
 
 the t. of the spi-ech, i. orationis, Cic. Brut. 
 82, 284 : the t. of the villa, i. villae, id. 
 Att. 15,29. 2. inelegantia: Gai. I, 84. 
 
 taster : praegustator (a person who 
 tastes a meal beforehand 10 ascertain its 
 quality) : Suet. Claud. 44. 
 
 tasting (^"''S-) •■ gustus, us: V. TASTE 
 (A., 111). 
 
 tatter; pannus, pannulus: v. bag. 
 
 tattered : pannosus : v. ragged. 
 Join: p. et squalidus. Just. 21, 5. 
 
 tattle: garrio,4: v. prate, chatter. 
 
 tattler : garrlUus • V. talker, chat- 
 terbox. 
 
 tattoo (subs.) : *sonus tympani ves- 
 pertinus : to beat the t., milites revocare 
 signo vespertine (Kr.). 
 
 tattoo («•) •• expr. by phr : a savage 
 t.'d in the Thraciav fashion, barbarus 
 compunctus notis Threiciis, Cic. Off. 2, 
 7, 25 : the men t. their bodies, mares cor- 
 pora sua inscribunt, Plin. 22, i, 2 ; to I. 
 the whole body, corpus orane notis per- 
 signare, Mel. i, 19, ad med. 
 
 taunt (subs.): 1, opprobrium 
 
 (not in Cic.) : to be stung by unfounded, 
 t.s, raorderi ■ falsis, Hor Kp. i, 16, j8 : 
 touttr^ couise t.s, o. rustica fundt-re, id. 
 jb. 2, J T46 : it is shameful that these t.s 
 could Hot t>e gainsaid, piidet haec o, 
 non potuisse refelli. Oy M. 1,758. 2. 
 
 cotivicium (abuse) : to be assaUed wUh 
 t.s, c. urgeri, Cic. Acad. 2, 40, I2? Con« 
 sectari, id. Att. 2, 18, ad init. : «,/ cndvrt 
 daily t.s, c. quotidianum sustinere, iii. 
 (.joint. 19. 62. 3. conviciolum (Cimin. 
 of preced ) : to assail vith t.s, c laces- 
 sere, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28, 7. 4. 
 scomnui. atis, n. : Macr. Phr: stinging 
 t.s, aculei contumeliarum, Cic. de Or. 2. 
 55, 2!2 : to assail tvith foul-mouthed t.s, 
 verborum contumeliis incesto ore lacer- 
 are, id. Phil. 11, l, ^ : the t>rothe>s bandy 
 very hitter t.s in alternate vers*s, altemis 
 versibusintorquentur inter fratres grav. 
 issimae contumt- liae, id. fuse. 4, i6, 77 ; 
 v. sarcasm, reproach. 
 
 taunt ("•) •• 1. objTcio, jeci, jectnm, 
 J (to cast in tne's ti-elh . constr. wiih 
 dot. of the person, and ace. of the thing, 
 or abl. with de) : lo t. any one imth his 
 low birth, ignobilitatem alicui 0., Cic. 
 Phil. J, 6, 15 : to t. us with the death of 
 Caesar, de morte Cai saris nobis o., id. 
 Fam. n, }, 2: to t. him with having 
 brought poets into the province, o. quod 
 jvoetas in provinciam duxisset, id. Tusc 
 1,2. ?■ 2. figo. xi, xum, } (to pierce): 
 to t. any one with insulting wards, f 
 aliquem maledictis, Cic. N. D. i, J4. 9? : 
 to t. one's ojiponents, f. adversaries, id. 
 Or. 26, 89. 3. vellico, i (to twit) : to 
 t. one in society, in circulis v., Cic. Balb. 
 26, 57 : Hor. 4. convicior, i (to re- 
 vile) : to accuse in earnest rather than 
 to t., accusare vere potitis quam c, Liv. 
 42, 41. 5. stigillo, I (prop, to beat 
 black and blue): Liv. 4, J5. 6. 'JP- 
 probro, i (no perf.) : do you t. me with 
 cloumishness X rus tu mihi opprobras ? 
 PI. True. 2, 2, 1 5. 7. expr6bro, i ; v. 
 upbraid, reproach. Phr.: to t. any- 
 body, contumeliam in aliquem jacere, 
 Cic. SuU. 7, 2J (where objicere also oc- 
 curs) : to t. with bitter uords, dictis am- 
 aris incessere, Ov. Tr. }, 11, }l : to scoff 
 and t. (the enemy) from the walls, irri- 
 dere ex muro atque increpitare vocibus, 
 Caes. B. (i. 2, ;o. 
 
 taunting {adj.) .- contilmeliosus . v. 
 SAKCASTii;, stinging. 
 
 taunting (subs.) : velUcatio (the act 
 of twitting) : to avoid t., vellicationes 
 effugere. Sen. Vit. Beat. 5, } : v. also 
 taunt. 
 
 tauntingly : contiimeliose : v. bit- 
 terly, sarcastically. 
 
 tautological, tautology : no exact 
 
 word. (Mart. Cap. 5, 175, has tautOlogia, 
 whit h (^uint. 8. j, 50 writes as a Greek 
 word, and defines lo be ejusdem verbi 
 aut sermonis iteratio.) Expr. by con- 
 geries verborum ac seutentiarum idem 
 significantium, Ijuint. 8, 4, 26 : to be t., 
 perh. verba inai)it«r accumulare, after 
 GelU 17, 10, ad fin. 
 
 tavern: 1. caupona: Cic. Pis. 22. 
 5? : Hor. 2. cauponiila ydimin. of 
 preced.) ■ he lay hid in a ceiiain little t., 
 and there in concealment he drank deeply 
 till eventide, delituit in quadam c. atque 
 ibi se occultans perpotavit ad vesperam, 
 Cic. Phil. 2, Jl,77. 3, taberna (a gen. 
 term for a shop, hence usually joined to 
 culjs.) : a common t., cauponia t., Ulp. 
 Dig. 2}, 2, 4 J, 5 I : a ivine t., t. vinaria, 
 Varr. L. L. 8, Jo, 1 17 : an ale-house or t., 
 *t. cerevisiaria (Kr.) • o t. t. (without 
 any adj.), Hor. Ep. i, 14, 24: the Thre 
 T.S (a toum of Lntium on the Appian 
 road), Tres T., Cic. Att. i, ij, i 4. 
 tabemiila (dimin. of preced.), App. M. 
 9, p. 2J7 : Varr. 5. thermopOlium (Sep- 
 lxonu)\iov, a shop where hot drinks are 
 sold, a grog-shop): PI. Cure. 2, i, li. 
 6. oenopolium (oivomuKtlov, a wine- 
 shop): PI. Asin. I, J, 48. 7. cau- 
 ponium : Pomp. Dig. jj, 7, 15. Phr. 
 a t.-boy, or pot-boy, puer cauponius, PI. 
 Poen. 5, 5, 19 : a female attendant in a 
 t., a bar-maid, ministra cauponae, Cod. 
 Theodos. 9, 7, i : the sign of a t., scutum 
 signi gratia positum, ^uint. 6, !, j8. 
 
 -keeper : caupo, Cic. Hor 
 
 Fera. caupona, App. M. i, p. 105 copa, 
 Virg. Cop. I : to be a t., exercere cau- 
 ponam, Ulp. Dig. 2J, 2, 4J, 4 9. 
 
 tawdrily ; expr by a phr with the 
 
 adj : V. TAWDRY
 
 T A \V D R I N E S S 
 
 TEACH 
 
 T L A C U 
 
 tawdrineSB • no exact word the 
 nearest is perli. tucus {paint, dye : heiicf- 
 ^deceit, sUani) : tvUlioui exaggerated col- 
 ouring and childish t., sine plgmeiitis 
 fuco()ue puerili, Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188, 
 said ol style 
 
 tawdry : no exact word expr. perh. 
 by fucteus, fucatus a natural, not t. 
 brilliancy, naturalis noii fucatus nitor, 
 Cic. Brut. 9, }6 : t. uxires, merces fucosae, 
 id.Rab. Post. 14, 40- a cloak of t. cobmr, 
 laoerna imprubi coloris, Sen. Kp. 114, 
 II • V. also TIN8KLLKU. 
 
 tawny : 1. fulvus : the t. bodies 
 of lions, corpora f. Iioiium, Lucr. 5, 898 : 
 the t. covering of a she-ivolf, f. tegmen 
 Itipae, Virg. Aeii. i, 275. 2. rfivus 
 (defined by Festus to be between yelloir 
 and bluish gray) : a t. shf-irolf, r. lupa, 
 Hiir. Od. }, 27, J : Cic. 3. aqullus: v. 
 
 SWARTHY. 
 
 tax (subs.): 1. vectigal, alls, n. 
 (esp. t.as a source of revenue) : a fixed 
 t. in money, v. stippridiarlum, Cic. Verr. 
 }, 6, 12 at. oil the muri.et, v. macelli, 
 Plin. 19, 4, 19, } 56 : o t. on urinals, v. 
 urinae, Siet. Vesp. 21: to impose a t., 
 V, impoiiere, Cic. Fontei. 5, 10 ; indicere, 
 Suet. Calig. 41 : to impose a fixed t. on 
 eatabU-s.pro t-dulils v.certum statutum- 
 que exigcre, id. ib. 40 : to impose a new 
 t. on tlie year's produce nf salt, v. novum 
 ex salaria annuna suituere, Liv. 29, J7 : 
 to superintend, to exact, to pai/ a t., v. 
 exercere, exigere, pensitare, Cic. Mauil. 
 6, 16: to pay a t. for nxiter, v. pro aqua 
 pendere, id. Agr. j, 2, 9: to revive obso- 
 lete tj, omissa v. revocare. Suet. Vesp. 
 16: to relieve of a t., vectigali levare, 
 Cic. Brut. j6, l j6; lil)erare, id. Q. Kr. t, 
 1,9, 26 to lease out the t.s, v. locare, id. 
 Agr. I. J, 7 ; Otfarm, the t.s,v, redimere, 
 Caes. B G. i, 18: a/ij. veciigali.s: money 
 paid by tvay of t., pfcunia v., Cic. Verr. 
 I. ?5. 89. 2. stipendiuni (a fixed t. 
 payable in money) .- to impose, receive a 
 t. : to refuse to pay a t., s. iiiipuiiere, 
 capere ; de s. recusare, Caes. B. ( j . 1,44, 
 ad init. : to free from t.s, s. liberare, id. 
 B. 6. 5, 27. 3. tribuium (a atated 
 payment) : to imjmse a poll-t., in capita 
 singula t. imponere, Caes. B. C. j, }2: 
 they all pay t.s yearly according to their 
 rating, ovanf^ quotannis ex censu t. con- 
 ferunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 5i, iji : v. TRinuTK. 
 4. exactio : a very cruel poll and 
 houst-t., acerbissima e. capitum atque 
 ostiorum, Cic. Fam. ?, 8, 5 : public t.s, 
 publicae e., Asin. PoUio in Cic. Fam. 10, 
 }2, 1 : unlaujul t.s, e. illicilae, Tac. A. 
 
 1 J. 51- 5. indictio (</ie UH^Siiion o/" 
 a t.) : a temporary t., 1. temporaria, Paul. 
 Dig. ?j, 2, 28. 6. censitio: to lighten 
 the t.s, c. levare. Spart. Pescenn. Nigr. 
 "J, extr. 7. onus, Oneris, n. (a 6«»'tte?i) : 
 to lay such lieavy t.s on the people, tan- 
 tum oneris plebi imponere, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 55, 1 j8' a town subject to very heavy t.s, 
 diunicipium maximis o. pressum, id. 
 Fam. ij, 7, 2- free from all t.s, ab 
 omni onere immuncs. Suet. Claud. 25. 
 
 8. pensio : Aur. Vict. P h r. : (i.) 
 Tj named from particular objects : a I. 
 on bacheltyrs, uxorium {sc. aes), Fest. : a 
 t. on doors (i. e. house-t.), ostiarium, 
 Caes. B. C. i, i2: a t. on imports or ex- 
 ports, portorlum, id. B. G. i, 18: a ped- 
 lev's t., portorium clrcumvectionis, Cic. 
 Att. 2, 16, ad fin. : a t. on pillars, co- 
 lumnariuni, id. Att. ij, 6, init.: a t. on 
 public pastures, scriptura, id. Fam. 1 5, 
 65 : o t. paid by Jews into the impeiial 
 treasury, Ijscus Judaicus, Suet, Dom. 12. 
 (ii.) T.S expressed by the percfntage 
 levied: a t. of one-half per cent., ducent- 
 esima, Tac. A. 2, 42 : o t. of i fier cent. 
 on things bought and sold, centesima 
 rerum venaliuni, id. A. i, 78: a tax of 
 
 2 per cent., of H per cent., quinqua- 
 gesiroa, quadrage.'^ima, id. .\. i;, 51: a 
 t of sper Cent., vicesima, Cic. Att. 2, 16 • 
 a t, of 10 per cent., decima (decuma), 
 v. TrrHE. a t.of ili pier cent., octi.va. 
 Cod. Justin. 4. 61. t a t. of 2 denarii, 
 dinumium. Cod. Thecd. 14. 27. 2. (ill.) 
 .'States free from t.s: immunescivitales, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 40, 92. Join: inimunes 
 et liberi, id. ib. i, 69, 166: to appoint 
 
 I some one to superintend the tj. aliquem 
 j vectigalibus publicis praeponere, Tac A. 
 
 15, 18: til farm the public t.s, cunducere 
 publica, Hor. Ep. i, I, 77 : one who 
 farms the t.s, publicatius, Cic. Prov. 
 Cons. 5, 10 : V FARM : a t. collected every 
 5 years, cuUatlo lustralia. Cod. Tbeod, 
 I J, tit. I. 
 
 tax ("■) •• I. To impose a t. : expr. 
 by vectigal, stipendiuni imponere, in- 
 dicere, v. TAX (subs.) ; or by censSre, 
 v. Asshiss. Fig.: onus imiMinere, v. 
 BDRDKN P h r. : he tj himself to the 
 ^i<w^"S^contendit omnes iiervos, Cic. Fat 
 
 10, 21: to t. a bill of costs (leg. t. t.), 
 perh. aestimare litem. ||. To upbraid, 
 twit: taxo, I : he t.s him with his di- 
 vorce, t. divortium suuin, Suet. Dom. 10, 
 ad fin.: v. uepkoach, ciiabge. 
 
 taxable : vcctigalis, cic. Verr. }, $4, 
 79 siijH'ndiarius, Caes. B. G. i, jo. 
 I'lir. : are those farms t.f slntne isia 
 praedia censui censendu? Cic. Flac J2, 
 80. 
 
 tax-collector, tax-gatherer: 1. 
 
 exactor the province crammed with t.s, 
 proviiicia differta exactoi ibiis, Cai-s. B. C. 
 J, J2 . \av. 2. coactor ■ o t., c. exac- 
 tionum, .Suet. Vita Hor. : or c. alone, Hor. 
 S. 1, 6. 86. 3. proiurat'pr (an official 
 under the Empire : 6 in Ov.) : Tac. A. 
 12, 60. 4. aiabarches, ae, m. (oAa- 
 /3dpxi)?i from oAa/So. ink): Cic. Att. 2, 
 
 11, ad fin.: Juv. i, ijo. 5. portilor 
 (a collector of import and export dues) : 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 2J, 61 : id. Rep. 4, 7. 6, 
 allecti)r (a provincial I.): Inscr. : the 
 office of a t., aWecvurn, Inscr. 7. ^ec- 
 tigaliarius : Firm. Math. j. i }. 8. 
 telonarius {enllector of customs): Cod. 
 Theo*l. II, 28, ?, extr. 9. mittenda- 
 rlus {tme sent into the provinces to 
 collet): Cod. Tbnod. 6, ;o, 2. 10. 
 capilularius {a t.'s assistant): Ctod. 12, 
 
 29. 2- 
 taxiarch : *taxiarchus : in Cic. Att. 
 
 16, II, a/1 med. the word is written 
 
 TofiapXJJS. 
 
 tea: I. TTiep^ant.- •tbea. Sinensis: 
 blach t., 'tbea Bohea . green t., *thea 
 viridis, Linn. ||. 'Flie drink: *de- 
 coctus, potus tbeae : polus or ralda 
 Sinensis. P h r. : a t.-cadily, * pyxis 
 theae o t.-cup, *p<)oiUum ansalum in 
 scutella positum ; a t.-lcettle, * aenum 
 (ahenum) operculatnm: a t.-pot, *'vas- 
 culum theae decoquendae ; a t.-tray, 
 abacus disponendis scutellis caldae Sin- 
 ensis : a t.-spoon, cochlear, ari.s n., v. 
 si'OON : o t.-urn, nearest word perh. 
 autliepsa (Cic. Rose. Am. 46, u?: v. 
 Smith's Diet. Ant. sub voc.): to drink 
 a Clip of t., * pocillum theae tiaurire : to 
 invite a person to drink t., *invitare ali- 
 quem ad theae potuni una sorbendum : 
 a t.-party, *circulus eorum qui theae 
 potum una st)rbeiidnm conveneruiit. 
 (Chiefly from Kr.). 
 
 teach : 1. doceo,' cui, ctum, 2 
 (with double ace, or with one of them 
 omitted: with one ace. in paj^s.: with 
 aw. and infm.: &\»o ellipt. with abl.): 
 to t. some one an art, d. aliquem artem, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 216; to t. boys the 
 A B Cd. pueros eltmenta, Hor. Ep. i, 
 20, 17: to t. those desirous of learning, 
 studlosos di.scendi d., Cic. OR". 1, 44. 156 : 
 she delights to be taught the dances of 
 Ionia, motus doceri gaudet ]onicos,Hor. 
 Od. J, 6, 21 : / envy your teacher u-ho 
 for such high pay t.s you to know no- 
 thing, invideo magistro luo qui le tanta 
 mercede nihil sapere doceat, Cic. Phil. 2, 
 4, 8- Ae taught Socrates the lyre, So- 
 cratem fidibus (sc. canere) docuit, id. 
 Kam. 9, 22, J : to t. the use of horse and 
 arms, d equo annisque (sc. uli), I.iv. 
 29, 1 : Tyrannw t.s in my house, ryran- 
 nio docei apud me. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2. 
 2. eriidio, 4 (to render one polished 
 by instruction, to instruct : constr. » Ith 
 ace. of the person and all. of the thing, 
 with or without the prep, in : some- 
 times, as in the i>oeti, with double ace. 
 or a clause) : to t. youth l>y laiiours. 
 laboribus e. juvenlutim, Cic. Tusc 2, 
 14, ?4: gladiators tauglU undir the same 
 master, gladialores sub eodem magistro 
 
 eruditl, yuint. 2, 17, Jj: to t. any oni 
 tite arts, e. aliquem artibus, Cic. ham. 1, 
 7, II : to t. any one civil law, e. aliquen. 
 in jure civilj, Id. de Or. i, 59, 25J : prot- 
 perity, adversity luu taught mr, ae- 
 cundae, adversae res me erudu-runl, 
 Liv. JO, )o; philosophy has taught ut tc 
 aspire to greatnets of soul, philosophi* 
 DOS ad magnitudinem animi erudivit 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 26, 64: she luis taught the*, 
 the laws te leges erudiit, Stat. Tbeb 10, 
 507 : she teacltes by what meatis tlieymay 
 be caught, n\ta possint erudit artr capl, 
 Ov. F. }, 294. .Join- docere uti)Ue e., 
 Cic. Div. 2, 2, 4; e. alque docere, id. 
 Off. I, 44, 156. 3. Instruo, xi, ctum, 
 ? ; the arts by which ve are taught, asifB 
 quibus instrulmur, Cic Coel. jo, 72 . it 
 seems tluit he must be taught the know- 
 ledgeoj Min3{,nutilla rerum insirut-ndufr 
 videtur, yuini. 4, 2, 24: v. insthiit, in- 
 FOKM. 4. instiluo, ui. ntum, } {U> t, 
 by a course of training) : .socrales wlien 
 quite old was not ashamed to be taught 
 the lyre, S'jcrates jam sencx instiiul lyra 
 (sc. canere) non erubescebat, C^uint. i, 
 10, IJ : to t. one to speak, i. allqumi ad 
 dicendum, Cic. de Or. 2, J9, ib2 : to t. 
 one's mind to tliink, I. animum ad cogi- 
 tandun),Ter. I'h. 2, i, 10 : is it thus you 
 t. young mens' sic tu i. adulfscentes? 
 Cic. Coel. 17, J9: he iios the first to t. 
 agriculture to speak Ixitin, agricolation- 
 em primus l.atitie loqui instltuit, CkiL 
 
 1, I, 12. Join i. atque enidlre, Cic 
 Verr. j, 69, 161 : v. train. 5. edOcco, 
 cui, ctum, 2 (to t. thoroughly, infumi • 
 constr. with double ace. ; in pass, with 
 ace. of the thing, or a clause) : those 
 whom he had taught what he wished 
 to be said, hi quos edocuerat, quae dici 
 vellet, Caes. B. G. 7, j8: the king tieing 
 at last taught that there were gods, rex 
 edoctus tandem deos esse, Li\. 29, 18, 
 ad init. : the system in whic/i he had 
 been taught, disciplina in qua erat 
 edoctus, id. 24, 4 (where the latest edd. 
 read eductus) • v. inform. 6. per- 
 d6ceo, cui, ctum, 2 (to t. thoroughly ■ 
 rare): taught by experience itself, usn 
 ipso perdoctus, Cic. Balb. 37, 60 : QuinL 
 Ov. 7. cohdOcetiicIo, leci, factum, ) 
 (to t. or train together : rare) • to t. 
 InTites, c. belluas, Cic. N. D. 2. 64. 161 
 to t. o7,e's mind to be able to dtspise 
 those tilings, c. animum ut ea po>sit 
 contemnere, id. Tusc. 5, ji, 87 8. 
 addSceo, cui, ctum, 2 (to t. in addition : 
 very rare : dub. in (3ic.) : tipsiness t.s 
 the arts in addition, ebrietas addocel 
 aries, Hor. Ep. i, 5. 18. 9. sulxlOceo. 
 cui, ctum, 2 (to t. as an assistant) 
 that they should lie taught by my labour 
 as an assistant • teacher, meo labore 
 subdocerl, Cic. Atl. 8, 4 : to be assistant- 
 teacher to a grammarian, s. gram 
 matico, Aug. Conf. 8, 6, ad init. 10. 
 dPdoceo, cui, ctum, 2 (to t. tlie contrary, 
 unteacli): she t.s them not to use false 
 terms, falsis d. vocibus uti, Hor. Od. 2. 
 
 2. 20; they must be restrained rather 
 than taught the contrary, coerceudi 
 mugis ()uam dedocendi, Cic F'iii. I, 16, 
 51 11. irado, didi, ditum, J (also 
 transdo : to t. by hani'ing down, to 
 deliver by t.ing): to t. the rudiments 
 of speaking, t. elementa dicindi, Cic 
 Acad. 2, 28, 92: to t. the rudiments of 
 trades and crafts, openmi atque artl- 
 flciorum initia t, Caes. B. G. 6, 17 ; they 
 I. many things concerning the heavenly 
 bodiVs, nmlta de sideribus fransdunl, id. 
 B. G. 6, 14, extr.: to t. mm virtue, u 
 virtutem honiiTiibus, Clo. de Or i, 58, 
 248. Join t. et docere, id. Fin. 4, 4, 9. 
 
 12. prawipio, cfpi, ceptum (to give 
 prec'pts, to t. by rule) : to t. the art of 
 suimmtng, p. artem nandl, Ov. Tr. 2, 
 486- justice t.s ut to ijkire all, justitis 
 praecipit parcere omnibus. Cic. R«p. j, 
 12: to (. yi'uiig men. p. Juvenibiis, Suet. 
 Gram. 10 t. me a mournful sotig, prae- 
 cipe lutiubres caiitiis, Hor. Od. i, 24. 2. 
 to t. ri!-}>ecling eloquence, p. de elo- 
 qu-iilia, Cic. de Or. 2, II. 48 / readQf 
 grant that Uiey lived as they t., ut prao 
 ci-perint. ita vlxisse, facile conces,«ierim 
 Quint, iprooem. 15. J 1 n . p. et doccrt 
 8?9
 
 TEACHABLE 
 
 TEAR 
 
 TEAR 
 
 CScRep 1,46. 13. prof iteor, fessus, 
 2 (to t. publmli). t as an art) : to t. 
 philosophy, p philosophiam, Cic. Pis. 29, 
 II ht xvas removed to Sicily, where he 
 tww t,s, translutus est In Siciliam, ubi 
 nunc proBtetur, Plin. Ep. 4, 11, ad Jin. 
 
 teachable ■ 1 dOcUis (no sup.) .- 
 fee ist- who IS n.ittmgto listen attentively, 
 d. est qui vult atteiite audire, Auct. Her. 
 I, 4, T V DOCILE. 2. dScibllis ; Tert. 
 
 teachableness dociiitas, Cic. : v. 
 DociLirr 
 
 teacher ; 1 doctor . t.s of rhe- 
 toric, rlietorici d., Cic de Or. i, 19, 86 : 
 artists and t.s of eloquence, dicendi arti- 
 fices et d., id. ib. I, 6, 2J to send for 
 some one to be his son's f.,accire aliquetn 
 tilio d., id. lb. ;, j$, 141 {ApolU)) t. of 
 the melodious muse, d. argutae Tlialiae, 
 Hon 0(1. 4, 6, 25. 2. magister (a 
 masb.y) : t.s of the libfral. arts, artium 
 Uberaliuin m., Cic. Iiiv i, 25, j;- very 
 able t.s f mm Greece, e.xqui.siti e Graecia 
 nj., id. Brut. 27, 104 a dry t., m. aridns, 
 Quint. 2, 4, 8 1 a schuoUt., li terarius m., 
 Vopisc. Tac. 6, 5 to discharge the 
 office of t., magi.stri personam sustinere. 
 Suet. Gram. 24 t.s to nhom ice send our 
 children, va. ail quos lil)eros mittimus, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, ji, i{< ; boys are trained 
 under t.s, pueri apud ni. exercentur, id. 
 ib. I, 57, 244 ; slafe repetitions weary 
 wretched t.s to death, occidit miseros 
 cranibe repetita ni.. lav. 7. 154: f wish 
 you to be my t. in this vmlt-r, te uii in 
 liac re magistro volo, Cic. Caeciii. 11, 52 
 experience is the 6. st t., usus m. est 
 optiraus. id, Rab Post. 4. 9 tlw, pen, the 
 best t. of eloquencK, stilus, optimus di- 
 cendi m., id de Or 1, ?5, 150:/ -Ira 
 philosophy, the t. (f moia/s, philosoplaia, 
 m. morum, id. Tusc. 5, 2, 5. 3. prae- 
 ceptur (one who teachi-s by rule or sys- 
 tem) : they ivUled that lite t. shoidd be 
 in the stead of a revered parent, p. 
 sancti voluere parentis esse loco, Juv. 
 7, 209 not merdy a t., but, moreover, 
 a guardian and tutor must be sought 
 for, noil modo p. sed eiiam custos reclor- 
 que quaerendus est, Plin. Ep. j, j, a<l 
 med. : your t.s and instructors m virtue, 
 vestri p. ct viriutis magistri, Cic, Alur, 
 ? I, 65 . t.s of the ivai/ if life, p. vivendi, 
 id. Inv r, 25, j; there is need of the 
 most distinguished t.s, praestautissimis 
 p. opus est, Quint, i, i, 10: / -trix. 
 Cic. Fin. i, ij, 4} 4. auctor (com. 
 gen. : one who originates anything : a 
 leader or t.) : nilh Cratippus for your 
 t., Cratippo auctoie, Cic. Off. 2, 2, 8 a 
 most famous t. of divine and human 
 law, divini hunianique Juris a. celeber- 
 rimus. Veil. 1, 26, 2 Liv i, 59. Join : 
 a. et magister, Cic. Or. j, 10 a. et prae- 
 ceptor, id. Phil. 2, 6, 14, 6, professor 
 \a public t.) : a somewhat noted t., non 
 »bscuru3 p., Quint. 2, i;, ?6: at. of elo- 
 quence, p. eloqueiitiae. Suet. Rliet. 5 : 
 adj.: professorius i'ac A. ij, 14, ad 
 fin. Q, instiliitor Lampr Comni. 
 I, 7. 7, eruditor- Tert, Pall. 4: / 
 -trix. Flor, 2, 6, jB, 8. tradens, mis 
 (prop a part., one who teaches) ■ it is 
 the fault of the t., culpa tradentis est, 
 Quint. J, 6, 59. 9- vates, is, comm. 
 (an authoiit)/) ; a t. of medicine, medi- 
 C!n.ae v., Plin. 11, 57, 89. 10. expr. 
 by special words to express the subjects 
 taught; as, a t. of eloquence, rhetor, Cic. 
 deOr I, i8, 84 a t. of grammar, grum- 
 maticus. Quint. 2, 4, l ; at. of language, 
 grammatista, Snet. Gram. 4 (q. v.) 
 gramniatOdidascalus, Mart. Cap. ITt- 
 6rio, Amm. 17, 11, i: a t. of oratory, 
 declamator, Cic. Or 15,47 at. of read- 
 Dig and wi-iting. liier.Tfor, App. Flor. 
 p. }6i a school-t., ludlniagister, Cic. 
 N D I, 26, 72 (ludi magister, al.). 
 P h r • pr'ifessi'mal t s, ii qui se docere 
 profitentur, id. ib I, 5, 10 he did not 
 place himself under any t., neminl se 
 »d docendum dabat, id. Brut. 89, jo6 
 taught under Greek t.s, Graecis institu- 
 tionibus eruditi, id, N 1). i, 4, 8: are 
 you a t. of dfclaiiiatwn ? declamare 
 doces? Juv 7. 150 an under-t., pr6- 
 scb5lu8, Aug. : V. subdoceo, 2, under 
 ri.ACH. 
 
 840 
 
 teaching : 1. doctrlna t. im- 
 
 proves the innate strength, d. vim pro- 
 movet insitam, Hor. Od. 4. 4, 5 J things 
 not handed down by t., nondoctrina tia- 
 dita, Cic. de Or i, 48, 208 to seek the 
 help of t., quaerere adjumenta doctrinae, 
 id. Mur. JO, 6j that course of t. which 
 the Greeks call " the circle of arts a.nd 
 t:ciences," orliis ille doctrinae quam 
 Graeci eyKVK\oi> TraiSeiar vocant. Quint. 
 I, 10, I 2, disciplina: the t. of boys, 
 d. puerilis, Cic. Rep. 4, j • to be placed 
 under some one's t., alicui in di.sciplinam 
 tradi, id. Div i, 41, 92 . there will be no 
 t. superior to this, nulla erit hac prae- 
 stantior d., id. Fam. i, 7, 11 some sys- 
 tems oft. overthroii' all moral obligation, 
 nonnuUae d. oflScium onine pervertunt, 
 id. Off. I, 2, ; 3. traditio. bald and 
 dry t., jejuna atque arida t.. Quint, j, i, 
 J Tac. 4. eriiditio. that t. in school 
 is preferable to t. at hom<', potiorem in 
 scholis esse e. quam doiiii, Quint. 2, ;, 10 : 
 Cic. 5. instiiutio-. v. instruction, 
 EDUCATION' 6. profpssio (the public 
 t. of anything) : the t. of gnimmar, p. 
 grammaticae, Suet. Gram. 8. Phr. : 
 ire are corrupted by various kinds of 
 false t., variis imbuimur erroribus, Cic. 
 Tusc. J, I, 2. 
 
 teak: *tectona grandis, Linn. (In- 
 dian t.). 
 
 teal : perb. querquedula, Varr. R. R. 
 J, J *anas crecca, Linn 
 
 team : 1. proielum (cattle har- 
 nessed together for drauyht) : a t. of 
 oxen, p. bonm, Plin 9, 15, 17 : threaten 
 in a t. will drair a singh plough, protelo 
 trini boves unum aratnim diiccnt, Cato 
 in Non. j6j, 10 2. jugiiles, pi. masc. 
 (sc. equi, boves, etc. : animals yoked 
 together) : tno t.s, gemini j., Virg. Aen. 
 
 7. 280: V YOKE. 
 
 teamster: *qul protelum agit. v. 
 
 DRIVER. 
 
 tear. I, Lit,.: l. lacrlma: 
 
 briny t.s, salsae 1„ Liicr. i, 12? : hot t.s, 
 1. tepentes, Tib. 2, 5, 77 ; calidae, Cels. 
 6, 6, ad init. : dropping, or fast-falling 
 t.s, I. rorantes, Lucr. 2, 917 senseless 
 and unseasonable t.s, absurdae atque 
 abhorrentes 1., Liv jo, 44: fruitless t.s, 
 1. nihil proficieTites, Sen. Cons, ad Poly. 
 4, i; inanes, \'iig. Aen. 4, 449 "croco- 
 dile's t.s," 1. confpctap dulls. Ter. Andr. 
 ?, }, 26 cf. '• ubcribus lacriniis sem- 
 perque paratis." Juv 6, 2TJ (q. v.) to 
 draw t.s, 1. moveie, Quint. 4, 2. 77 ; 
 concitare, id. 11, ?, 8; ciere, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 468; excire (alicui), Tac. A. 11, 2; 
 commovere. Curt ;, ?, 7 , exciitere, Ter. 
 Heaut. I, I, 11;; elicere. PI. Trin. 2, 2, 
 I J a man most clever in drawing t.s, 
 vir movendarum 1. peritissimus, Plin. 
 Ep. 2, 11: natural relationship wrings 
 t.s from ns. l.s txprimit naturalis neces- 
 sitas. Sen. Ep, 99, 18 to cause one many 
 a t., multas alicui 1. afferre, Cic. Att. 12, 
 1 3 ivith t.s standing in her bright eyes, 
 lacrimis oculos suffusa nitt'iites, Virg. 
 Aen. I. 228 the t s long reprrssed ran 
 doivn her face, suspensaeque diu 1. fiu.xere 
 per ora, Ov. Am. i, 7, 57 when t.s long 
 checked gained the mastery and broke 
 forth, cum diu prohibitae 1. vincerent 
 prorumperenfque, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5 • 
 t.s start to my eyes for joy, prae laetitia 
 !. prosiliunt, PI. Stich, j, 2. i ? (prae- 
 siliunt, al.) : to melt into t.s, lacrimis 
 exstillare, Ter. Ph 5, 8, 82; futiscere 
 in lacrimas, Val. FL j, jg; t.s flow of 
 their own accord, 1. eunt sua sponte. 
 Sen. Ep, 99, 20 to burst into t.s, ire in 
 lacrimas, Stat. Theb 11, 191; effundi 
 in lacrimas, Tac. A. 1, 11 ; or, lacriniis, 
 Virs. Aen. 2, 651 ; or, ad 1., Liv. 44, 
 ;i, extr. .- on the arrival of her friends 
 t.s came into her eyes, adventu suorum 
 
 1. obortae, id. i, 58 to give way to t.s, 
 lacrimis indulgere, Ov M. 9, 142 ; se 
 tradere, dare, Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 2 ; Tusc. 
 
 2, 21, 48 t.s run do I rn from my eyes, 
 ex oculis 1. descendunt, PI. Merc. ?, 4, 
 4: his t.s roll idly do»'?i, 1. volvuntur 
 inanes, Virg. Aen. 4, 449: t.s flnn' doim, 
 1 fluuiit, Ov M 2. {64; pxridunt. St*n. 
 Ep. 99, i; , dpcurnint, id. ib. 6j, i the 
 man's tears fiow hice a child's for joy. 
 
 horaini 1. cadunt quasi puero gaudio, 
 Ter. Ad. 4, i, 20 a few ts trickle 
 down my cheeks, manat rara meas 1. 
 per genas, Hor. Od. 4, i, 34 t.s burst 
 forth in grief or flow through joy, L 
 erumpunt gaudio aut laetitia mauant. 
 Quint. II, }, 75 to shed t.s, 1. effund- 
 ere, Cic. Plane. 42, loi ; fundere, Virg. 
 Aen. J, J48, profundere, Cic. Fontei. 
 17, 38; perfundere, Ov. H. 11, 115; L 
 dare, Virg. Aen. 4, 370: to shed t.s of joy, 
 
 1. gaudio pffundere, Liv 27, 19, ad fin. : 
 the marble rock sheds t.s, 1. inarmora 
 nianant, Ov. M. 6, 31 J : to shed a flood 
 of t.s, vim lacrimarum profundere, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 14 she bedews the grass with a 
 stream of t.s, humectat lacrimarum gra- 
 miiia rivo, Ov. M. 9, 656: t.s rim, demon 
 her bosom like a river, perque sinum 1. 
 fluminis instar eunt, id. H. 8, 62 : every- 
 thing is swimmitig with t.s, lacrimis 
 omnia plena madent, Tib. i, 9 (81, 54 ; 
 yiobe rains t.s, Niobe lacrimas depluit, 
 Prop. 2, 16, 8 : to mar the eyes with t,s, 
 lacrimis oculos foedare, Tib. 2, 6, 4; : to 
 bathe one s face in t.s, lacrimis vultnm 
 lavare, Ov. M. 9, 680 ; rigare, Virg. Aen. 
 9, 251 ; OS opplere, Ter. Heaut. 2, j, 65 : 
 lam overcome with t.s, conflcior lacrimis, 
 Cic. Fam. 14, 4, i : J cannot speak for t.s, 
 neque prae 1. loqui possum, id. Mil. J8, 
 105 t.s choked her utterance, 1. vocem 
 impediere, Ov. M. i 3, 745 : the shedding 
 of t.s relieves the feelings, 1. profosae 
 animiim levant, .Sen. Ep. 99, i ; : to bedew 
 anything with t.s, tingere aliqiiid la- 
 crimis, Ov. M. 9, 567 : to bedeir the ashes 
 (of the dead) tcilh the tear due to tliem, 
 debita spargere 1. favillam, Hor. Od. 2, 
 6, 23: cease to beset my tomb with t.s, 
 desine lacrimis urgere sepulcrum, Prop. 
 4, II, I : to honour uith t.s, 1. decorare 
 (aliquem), Enn in Cic. Tusc. i, 49, 117 : 
 let not my death be unhimoured with 
 t.s, mors mea ne lareat 1., poet. in Cic, ib. ; 
 to laugh till the t.s come, usque ad 1. 
 ridere, Petr. 57, i to gulp doum one's 
 tears, 1. devorare, Ov. Fast. 4, 845 . to 
 rrpress t.s, 1. reprimere. Sen. Ep. 63, I ; 
 sistpie, Ov Fast, i, 367 ; supprlmere, 
 Albin. f, 427 ; eontinere, PI. Most, j, 
 
 2, 1 38 ; inhibere. Curt. 10, 6, 3 : not to 
 repress t.s. 1. non tenere, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 67, 172: H'/io am keep fiom t.sf quis 
 temperet a 1. ? Virg. Aen. 2, 8 . although 
 our t.s are exhausted our grief remains 
 deeply rootfd, consumptis I. tanien haeret 
 dolor, Cic Phil. 2, 26,64: to dry tlie fall- 
 ing t.s, 1. siccare cadentes. Prop, i, 19, 2J 
 to wipe auay t.s, I. detergere, Ov M. ij, 
 746; abstergere. Curt. 5, ;, 8. to kiss 
 airay one's t.s, combibere sicco ore 1., 
 Ov. A. A. 2, 326: a t. quickly dries, 
 especially over the mitfortunes of an- 
 other, cito arescit 1. praesertim in ali- 
 enls malls, Cic. Part. Or. 17, 57 : t.s 
 dry up, 1. exarescunt, Cic. Att. 10, 14, 
 ad init., inarescuiit. Quint. 6, i, 27. 
 Pro v.: he7ice those t.s. " hinc illae 1." 
 Ter. Andr, i, i, 99. 2. lacrimiila 
 (dimin. of preced.) to shed t.s copiously, 
 1. ubertim fundere, Calul. 66, 17: a 
 feigned t. which she squeezed out hardly 
 and with much difficulty by ')~ubbi7ig 
 her eyes, falsa 1 quam oculos terendo 
 misere vix vi pxpresserit, Ter. Eun. i, i, 
 22 . you might have seen not merely a 
 little t. but many t.s, and weeping, and 
 sobbing, non mcjdo 1. sed multas lacrimas 
 et fletum cum singultu videre potuisti, 
 Cic. Plane. !i, 76. 3. fictus, us (a 
 weeping ■ used both in .ting, and pi.) : 
 fruitless t.s, f. inanes, Virg. G. 4, 375 : 
 pious t.s, pii f., Stat. Silv. 5, i, 32 
 uomeii's t.s, f muliprum. Cic. Verr 4, 
 21, 47 t.s unaccompanied by words, 
 tacitus f., Liv. j, 4'j t.s and streams 
 that bedew the face, f. et rigantes ora 
 rivi, Plin. 11, ji, 54 with many t.s, 
 multo cum f, Tac. A. i, 40: to nwve 
 the people to t.s, f. populo movere, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 53, 228 Virg. Aen. 4, 439: 
 to be moved to m, fresh outburst of t.s, in 
 iiovos f. excitari. Sen. Ep. 99, 16. to 
 ■thed a flood of ts, largos efTundere f., 
 Virg. Aen. 2", 271 t.s break forth, 
 f. enimpit. Quint 6 2, 7 : to bathe one's 
 cheeks ujith «.s, irrigare fletu genas. Sen.
 
 TEA R 
 
 TEAR ASUNDER 
 
 TEAR OUT 
 
 Phoen. 441 offerings bathed tmth many 
 tj/or a brolheys loss, munera fraterno 
 multum mdiiantia f, Catiil. 100, 9: to 
 repress one's t.s, f. reprimere, Cic. Rep. 
 6, 15, init. : coiiiprimere, Stat. Silv. 2, 6, 
 12 : to wipe way one's (.«, f. alicui abs- 
 tergere, Cic. I'lill. 14, 1 j, 54. 4. expr. 
 meiaph. in ihi- pot-ts by gutta (a drop), 
 imber (o rain-shower), ro3 (tteif), humor 
 (inoislure), fons (a fountain), flumen (a 
 stream), aqiia(i<a/e)) : the t. steals from 
 my eyes, labiiur ex oculis gulta mcis, 
 Ov. Tr. I, ?, 4: he bedews his face with 
 large t.-drops, guttis bumectat graiidi- 
 buii ora, VIrg. Aen. 11, 90 (said o\ u 
 horse) : ti for a wife, iixorius inibc-r, 
 Stat. Sllv. 5, I, J2 : the cheeks are net 
 with mournful t.s, tristi Imbre madent 
 genae, Catul. 68, 56 : to bedetv her hosom 
 with t.s, spargere imbre sinus, Ov. A. 
 J, 6, 68 : her eyes fill u-ith hot I.S, 
 tepido suffundit lunilna rore, id. M. 
 
 10. }6o : to drop t.s from one's eyes, 
 stillare ex oculis roreni, Hor. A. V. 410: 
 a t. stealthily trickles douti my cheeks, 
 humor in genas furtim labitur meas, id. 
 Od- I, I ?, 6 : my cheeks are ecer wet with 
 t.s, bument fonle perennc gcuae, Ov. H. 
 8, 64 ; A« iraters his face with a Jiood of 
 t.s, largo liumectat flumine vultum, 
 Virg. Aen. i, 46; : honourable t.s, bo- 
 Doratae aquae, Prop. 4, 11, loi. Plir. : 
 ej^ witliout a t., sicci oculi, Hor. Od. i, 
 J, 18 : Prop. : myself with t.s in my eyes, 
 ipse madens oculis. Slat. Silv. 5, j, 58 : 
 he began to entreat vith t.s, ille lacri- 
 mans orare. Sail. Jug. 107 : Liv. j, 46 : 
 joy that finds vent in t.s, udum gaudi- 
 um. Marl. 10, ";8, 8 : you would have 
 draun t.s from stones, lapides flere 
 coegisses, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, J45: smoke 
 that brings t.s into the eyes, lacrimosus 
 fumus, Hor. S. i, 5, 80 : war that costs 
 many t.s, lacrimosum bellum, id. Od. 1, 
 21, I } : nothing worthy of t.s, nil la- 
 crimabile, Ov. M. 2, 796 : he died worthy 
 of the t.s of many a good man, multis 
 ille bonis flebilis occidit, Hor. Od. i, 24, 
 Q • Plato, who cannot he moved by t.s, 
 Pluto illacrimabilis. id. ib. 2, 14, 6 : 
 ghosts for whom no t. is shed, aniniae 
 indefletae, Ov. M. 7, 611. ||. Fig.: 
 (applied to inanimate objects .) 1. la- 
 crinia: tlie t s of trees, I. arboruni, Plin. 
 
 11, 6, 5 : thi: t.s of vines, I. viiiuni, id. 2;, 
 praef.. } ; : cf Ov. A. A. 1, 28j. 2. 
 gutta: I>ucr. i, J49 : Ov. M. 10, 500: 
 
 V. DBOP, WKEP. 
 
 tear ("•) •• scindo, scTdi, sci.-jsum, j (a 
 more gen. term than ^, including the 
 notion of splitting or cleaving): to t. a 
 garment, s. vestem, Hor. Od. 1, 17, 27 : 
 to t. the sails, s. vela, PI. Trin. 4, i, 18 ; 
 to t. the hair, s. crines. Virg. Aen. 12, 
 870 : the asses may t. me tvith their teeth, 
 jislni me mordicibus scindant, PI. Aul. 
 2, 2, ^7. It is sometimes employed in 
 several senses which are more usually 
 expr. by conips., or by other words: as, 
 to t. up a letter, s. epistolam, Cic. Fam. 
 5, 20, extr. : to t. down a bridge, s. 
 pontem, Tac. H. 5, 26 to t. ojjen one's 
 sorrow (tike a vvund), s. dolDrem, Cic. 
 Att. J, 15, ad init.: to t. asunder the 
 ties of kindled, s. necessituilines, Plin. 
 Pan. J7, ad fin. : v. kkxd. 
 
 along (v. intr.) : v HUBBV, 
 
 iSCAMPEE. P h r. : to t. along the road, 
 viam vorare, Catul. Jv 7. 
 
 asunder, or to pieces : 1. 
 
 lanio, I . to t. a man to jiiices, I. ho- 
 minem, Cic. Fam. 7, 1, j : bo<lies torn to 
 pieces by u-ild beasts, cor|X)ra a feris 
 lanlata, Id. Tusc. i, 4;, 108 : to t.a gar- 
 ment to tatters, I. vestem, Ov. M. ;, J98 : 
 to t. the universe to bits, 1. niundum, id. 
 ib. I, 60: to t. the hair, 1. comas. Id. M. 
 4,159. Fig.: I'ices t. the heart to pieces, 
 vltia cor laniant. Sen. Kp. 51, ad fin. 
 2, dilanio, 1 (stronger than preced. : 
 rare) ■ to leave the corpse for dogs to t., 
 cadaver canibusdilaniandimi relinquere, 
 Cic Mil. I ;, }} : to t. the hair. d. comas, 
 Ov Am. i, 9, 52. 3. lacdro, 1 (to 
 mangle : perh. not In Cic. in the lit. 
 sense) to t. the body, I. corpus, Lucr. j, 
 878 • to t. one's face, hair, dress, 1. ora, 
 comam. vestem. Ov. M. 11, 726; Fig.: 
 
 ' Cic. Qaiut. it, $0; Ov. Honu 4, 16, i. 
 
 4. dilacero, i (perh. not in Cic. ; 
 for in N. 1). i, 11, 27. lacerari is now- 
 read) the dogs t. their master to bits, 
 caiu-s d. domlnum, Ov. M. j, 250: to 
 t. to jiietes with engines of torture, d. 
 tornientis. Tac. A. 15, ;7-." Fig.: to t. 
 the republic to pieces, d. renipublicam, 
 Sail. Jug. 41, ad »i«(i. 5. excarnlfico, 
 I {no pf. : to t. the flesh to pieces) : 
 Cic. N. iJ. }, a, 82. 6. divcllo, vein, 
 vulsum, J (to pull in pieces or asunder) : 
 to t. a she-lamb to piei:es witli the teeth, 
 d. niordicus agnam, Hor. S. i , 8. 27 : to t. 
 tlie body to bits, A. corpus, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 600 ; to t. one's cloak to bits vnth tlie 
 thombushes, d. paenulam sentibus. Suet. 
 Ner. 48, ad fin. : to t. asunder a woiinti 
 irith one's onti hand, d. vulnus suis 
 nianilius, Auct. B. Afr. 88 : to t. children 
 asunder from the embraces of their pa- 
 ifnls, d. liberos a parentum complexu, 
 j Sail. Cat. 51. Fig., to t. asunder things 
 ii-hich nature has joined, res a natura 
 j copulatas d., Cic. Off. }, 18, 75 : to cement 
 a thing which has been broken and lorn 
 asunder, rem di^solutam divulsamqued., 
 j Id. de Or. I, 42, 188: lam distracted 
 j and torn lo pier.es by sorron; distineor 
 et d. dolore, id. Plane. }}, 79. 7. con- 
 vello, velli, vulsum, i (to t. wholly to 
 1 pieces) : to t. the food to pieces ivith greedy 
 tooth, c. dapes avido dente, Ov. M. 11, 
 12} : the centuriotis torn to pieces and 
 mangled, convulsi laiiiatique centu- 
 riones, Tac. A. i, }2. Fig.: to t. one's 
 heart to pieces ivith words, verbis c. 
 pectus, Ov. H. 17, III. 8. disciiido, 
 scidi, scissum, j : to (. ime's tunic ai^un- 
 der. d. tunicam, Cic. de Or. 2, 47. 19; : 
 to t. any arte to pieces }iith samrges, d. 
 aliquem flagellis. Suet. Calig. j j : limbs 
 torn asunder by the teetli, disclssi den- 
 tibus artus, Virg. G. j, 514. Fig.: to 
 t. asunder the ties of friendship, d. ami- 
 citias, Cic. Am. 21, 76. 9. conscindo, 
 scidi, scissum, } (to t. wholly to pieces : 
 rare) : to t. a letter to pieces, c. epi- 
 stolam, Cic. Fam. 7, 18,4: tot.agarment 
 \ to bits, c. vestem, Tcr. Eun. 5, I, 4. 
 '. 10. discerpo, psi, plum, j (to pluck 
 
 ' in pieces) : a young man torn to pieces, 
 ! discerptus juvenis, Virg. G. 4, ;22 : to t. 
 I any one to pieces irith the hands, d. ali- 
 ' quern manibus, Liv. i, 16: Cic. Fragm. : 
 j tite dogs tore the half-burnt corpse to 
 ' pieces, semiustum cadaver discerpsere 
 canes. Suet. I)om. 15. Fig. : subjects 
 which are pulled and as it were torn in 
 pieces, divulsa et quasi discerpUi. Cic. de 
 Or. }, 6, 24. 11. concerpo, psi, ptnin. 
 } (rare) : to t. a letter to pieces, c epi- 
 stolam, Cic. Att. 10, 12, ad med. : small 
 linen napkins t<n~n into little oils, 
 linteola concerpta, Plin. ;i.8, 44 12. 
 diripio, ripui, reptuni. 5 (to snatch asun- 
 der) : horses toi'e Hippolytns to jnec^, 
 diripuere Hippolytum ciiui, Ov. A. .\ i, 
 ij8 : to t. asunder the limbs with their 
 hands, d. membra manibus, id. M. i,7}i : 
 vHnds t. up the ocean, venli d. fretum, 
 Stat. Theb. 5, 567. Fig.: to t. one's 
 fatlierland to pieces, A. patriam, Cic. Att. 
 8, 2, ad med. 13. distraho, xl, ctum, j 
 (to drag asunder) : to t. the body asunder 
 in all directions, A. corpus passim, Liv. 
 
 1, Z8,adfin. : it can neither be broken 
 through nor to)~n asunder, neque per- 
 rumpi neque distrahi potest, Caes. B. G. 
 7, 2J, extr. Join, divellere ac d., Cic. 
 SuU. 20, 59. Fig.: whom death has 
 snatched or exile to>-n from us, quos aut 
 mors eripuit nobis aut distraxit fuga, 
 id. Fam. 4, i j. 2. 14. differo, distuli, 
 dilatum, ? : woUes will t. their limbs i?i 
 pieces, membra different lupi. Hor. Kptxl. 
 
 5, 99: Virg. Aen. 8, 64?. Fig., lam 
 utterly torn to pieces, differor. distrahor, 
 diripior, PI. Cist. 2, 1, 5. 15. lancino, 
 I (rare, and appy. late . the part, dilan- 
 cinata occurs in -Vmm. 22. 1;. iqi) : to t. 
 any one to bits, 1. aliquem. Sen. Ira i, 
 
 2, 2 : to t. by biting, I. moi-su. Plin. 9, 
 
 6. 5. P h r : to /» torn to pieces by dogs, 
 laniatu canum interire, Tac. A. 15.44: 
 a garmcjit torn to bits, vestis lacera. 
 id. H. ?, 10 . v. TORN horses tore him 
 to pieces, equi in diversum iter concitati 
 
 lacerum corpus discerpsore, after Liv. I, 
 28, ad fin. : the cough tj Ote tick tnin* 
 to pieces, qum\l aegros tui.is aubelasue*, 
 Virg. (i. J, 496. 
 
 tear away or off; 1. avello, vein 
 or vul.-.!, vulsum, j : ttf/tiet torn ciixty 
 from the mountains, saxa moutibua 
 avulsa, Lucr. 4. i {8 : to t. away the liead 
 from the shoulders, caput huimris a_ 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 558 : to t. one away from 
 the embraces of his mother, aliquem 'e 
 matris complexu a. atque abs*. vh:re. 
 Cic. Fotitei. 17, j6 : al^j wiiho; ' .e. 
 Virg. A.n. 4. 616: v. tear a -DJl. 
 2. aliscindo, tcldi, sclssun, : it 
 t. the tunic from his breast, tunicam z 
 pectore a.,Cic. Verr. 5, l, } : hz'sing 'am 
 away her y-iitn tressrs. flavcnios ib. 
 scissa coma.s, Virg. Aen. 4. 590 : to t. the 
 robe from his slioulders, bimieris x vea- 
 tem, id. lb. 5, 685. 3. ripio, pui, ptum, 
 } (to snabJi aoay) ; the wind t.s ai'ay 
 the leaves from titr Ufty tree, (rondi-s .ilta 
 rapit arbo're ventus, Ov. M. }, 7Jo: to t. 
 away the bars from the door-pott. r. r<>- 
 pajniia de posti, id. 5, 120: Xaso turn 
 away from home (I. e. an exile), Naso 
 raptus', Id. Pont. 4, 16, i. 4. dfriplo, 
 rlpul, reptum, j (to t. down, off, or 
 away) : to t. any one away from the 
 altar, A. aliquem de ara, PI. Kud. }, 6, 
 2 : to t. away the ganmnt from one's 
 breast, A. vestem a pectorei Ov. M. 9, 
 6?7 : to t. the covering off one's shoulders, 
 velamlna ex humeris d., Id. ib. 6. 567. 
 5. praeripio, rlpul, reptum, j (prop, 
 to seize befwe another) : to t. anay thy 
 father from thee, p. patrem luum tibi, 
 PI. Men. 5, 9, 21. 6. praevello, velli 
 or vulsi, vulsum, } (to t auxiy b^ore): 
 Laber. : Tert.: v. snatch awat. 
 
 down : 1. rfvello, velli. vnl 
 
 sum, } : to (. doii-n the shields u-ith theit 
 hands, r. scuta manibus, Caes. B. G 1 
 52 : to t. down a door, r. fores. Suet. Calig 
 6: Cic. Mur. 15. jj- 2. rC.-^indo, acldl, 
 scissum, } (to cut down) : to t. dou-n the 
 rampart and breostvxyrk \nth hooks, r. 
 vallum et loricam falcibiis, Caes. B. G 
 7, 86, extr. : to t. dotcn the heavens with 
 their hands, r. caelum manil'Us. Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 58J. 3. deripio, lipui, reptum, 
 J : to t. down the moon from the sky, A. 
 limam coelo, Hor. Epod. 5, ^6 : v. drau 
 down. 
 
 open : 1. rSscIndo, scidi, sci»- 
 
 .sum, J- to t. open a wound, r. vulnub. 
 Plin. Ep. 7, 19, ad fin. Fig. Hor. Ep. 
 I. ?i ?2- 2. proscindo, scidi, scissum, 
 } (to t. open in front) ; to t. a fish open. 
 p. piscem, .4pnl. Apol. p. ioo: to /. an 
 oak open loith an axe. ferro p quercum, 
 l.ucan }, 4J4. 3. haurio. bausi, haus- 
 tiim, 4 : tlie wild boar tore open his thigh, 
 aper hausit femur, Ov. M. 8, ni : Liv. 
 7. 10. Ph r. : to t. open one's ovti ti-ounds, 
 nianus suis vulneribus afferre, (^c. .XtU 
 J, 1;, ad init. : to t. the breast open. 
 reserare pectus Ov. M. 6, 66}. 
 
 out or UP : 1. evello. vcUi, 
 
 vulsum, } (iXwperf. evuisi once in Hor.) . 
 to t. out a tree, e. arborcm, Liv. }}, 5. 
 Fig.: to t. out evils by tlie root, e. rarti- 
 cilus mala, Lucr. }, }io: consuls who 
 deserve to be torn out of the list, ciitsiLs 
 ex fastis evellendi. Cic. Sest. 14, }{. 2. 
 convello, velli, vulsum, } (to t. up m 
 tirely) ; soldiers t. up the hmest stones 
 of the toner u-ith crowbars, mllites 
 vectibus inliina saxa turri? convellunt, 
 Caes. B. C. 2. 11 the tiars lieing torn out, 
 and the folding-'liMirs broken in, con- 
 vulsis repiigulis elTraclisque valvis, Cic 
 Verr. 4, 4}, 94 to t. an iniag<- out from 
 the shrine, c. siniulacnmi c sacrario, id 
 ib. 5, 72. 187. Fig.: A'"i>ie. tin-n up 
 almost from her loundali'ms. Roma, 
 prope convulsa sedibus suis. id. Pis. 22, 
 52. 3, rfvfllii. velli, vulsum. } : to t. 
 out a stone fnvn the numnlain, r. saxum 
 e monte. Ov. M. 12, J41 : to t. out herbs 
 by the rtxit. r. berb.is radicc, id. Ib. 7, 226 
 4. vollo, \-ulsi. vulsum. } : v vvu. 
 PLUCK on. 5. haurio, bausi, baus- 
 timi, 4 : the nind ts up Ih'- trers fr"m 
 the ven/ roots, ventiis arbusta nidicibus 
 baurit ab imis, Lucr. 6, 141 if t. out 
 the eye, h. lumen, Ov. M. i}. 564. ft 
 841
 
 TEAR 
 
 T EL, L 
 
 TELL. 
 
 exscindo, scidi, scissum, j: v. extir- 
 pate, UPROOT. 7. eripio, rlpui, rep- 
 
 tum, J : V. SNATCH OUT. 
 
 tear (subs.) .• scissura, Sen. ; Plin. : 
 
 ▼ . RE.'iT. 
 
 tearful : 1. flebllis : grief is t. 
 torroio, maeror est aegritudo f., Cic. Tusc. 
 4, 8, 18 ; a t. spouse, f. spousa, Hor. Od. 
 4, 2, 21 . t. elegy, f. elegia, Ov. Am. j, 9, 5. 
 2, licrimosus; t. eyes, 1. lumina, 
 Ov. Am. I, 8, III .■ Cic. Aral. 446. 3. 
 expr. by lacrimans : t. eyes, 1. oculi, Cic. 
 Sest. 69, 144 : V. WEEPING. Ph r. : t. eyes, 
 oculi humentes, Ov. M. 11, 464: udi, 
 id.H. 12,5?. [N.B. -Lacrimabilis means 
 worthy of tears.'] 
 
 tearfully : expr. by multis cum la- 
 crimis, multo cum fletu, or lacrimabun- 
 dus • V. phr. under tkar : fiebiliter usu. 
 denotes mournfully, plaintively. Gell. 
 10, J, ad init., has lacrimose dicere : 
 lacrimabiliter occurs in Hier. 
 
 tearless : expr. by sine lacrimis, or 
 lacrimis vacuus : t. eyes, sicci oculi, Hor. 
 Od. I, J, 18. Com. : puiiiicei, PI. Ps. i, 
 I, 7J; a t. race, genus siccoculum, id. ib. 
 
 1. 1, 75- 
 
 tease : obtundo, tildi, tusum or tun- 
 sum, J {to annoy iiith importunity) : to 
 t. any one irith long letters, o. aliquem 
 longis epistolis, Cic. Att. 8, i, extr. : 
 don't t. me any more aimut this matter, 
 ne me obtundas de hac re saepius, Ter. 
 
 Ad. I, 2, }( . V. WORRV, HARASS. 
 
 teasel : dipsacus or dip>acos (6iAa- 
 k<k), i,/., PHn. 27, 9, 47 : also spina ful- 
 lonia, id. 16. 44, 92 . dipsacus fullununi, 
 Linn. : the liairy t., gallidraga, Plin. 27, 
 10, 62. 
 
 teat : 1. mamma : to give the t, 
 dare m., PI. True. 2, ;, i : seelcing after 
 the t., m. appetens, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 8; : 
 whales nourish their young with their 
 t.s, balaenae mamniis nutrinnt fetus, 
 Plin. 11,40,95. 2. mamilla {dimin. 
 ofpreced. ; also In the form mammula, 
 Varr. R. K. 2, J, 2) ; a soiv famed for 
 her thirty t.s, scrota trigintis clara m., 
 . 12, 74: Veil. 2, 70, ad fin. 3. 
 papilla: said of the dolphin, Plin. 11, 40, 
 9? : like the t. of Vie breast, velut p. 
 uberis, Col. 9, 11, 4. 4. rumis, is: 
 an old word found in Varr. R. R. 2, i, 
 20: Plin. [N.B. — uber always denotes 
 the swelling breast or vdder, whence 
 such expr. as ubera mammarum {the 
 breasts with their t.s), Lucr. 5, 882 : v. 
 BREAST : to gire the t. (or breast), ubera 
 offerre, praebere. Just. 44, 4 ; i, 4.] 
 
 technical : *■ terms, verba artium 
 propria, yuint. 8, 2, ij : vocabula earuni 
 rerum quae in quaque arte versantur, 
 Cic. Fin. j, i, }: geometricians, musi- 
 cians, grammarians use peculiar t. ex- 
 pressions, geometrae, mnsici, gramnia- 
 tici more quodam loquuntur suo. Id. ib. 
 3, 1, 4 : systems of oratory employ t. and 
 special terms in teaching, rhetorum artes 
 verbis in docendo quasi privatis utuntur 
 ac suis, id. ib. : a t. term used by work- 
 men, vocabulum opificibus usitatum, id. 
 Fin. J, 2, 4 (see the whole context) : a 
 t. term in painting, * vocabulum pic- 
 tonmi proprium (Kr.) : t. argumenta- 
 tion, ratio, Cic. Fin. i, 7, 22: a n^ere t. 
 lawyer, formularius. Quint. 12, j, 11 
 (Cic. has leguleius) : v. pettifogging. 
 
 technicality : expr. by some phr. : 
 we ought to regard the subject-m/itter, 
 not the t. ot the language, rem spectaii 
 oportet non verba, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, ;2 : 
 to agree substantially, but to differ 
 about t.s, re consentire, vocabulis dif- 
 ferre, id. Fin. 4, 2, 5. 
 
 technology ; * oflRcinarum artes 
 (Kr.) : perh. also *operum atque arti- 
 nciorum scientia. 
 
 technologist ; technicus (t€x«'ik<)c). 
 Quint. 2, I J, 15. 
 
 Te Deum : * hymnus qui vocatur 
 Ambrosianus . to sing a t, gratula- 
 tionem ad sacras Dei Optimi Maxinii 
 aedes facere, after Cic. Fam. 11, 18, ;; 
 w laudibus gratibusque Deum 0. M. 
 venerari, after Tac. A. 12, 57. 
 
 tedious : 1. lentus . o t. affair, 
 L negotium. Cic. Att. i, 12, init.: a t. 
 won 1. bellum, Hor. Ep. i, 2, 7 2. 
 842 
 
 longus : the hours seemed t., horae 1. vide- 
 baiitur, Cic. Att. 12, 5, extr. : I do not 
 wish to be t., nolo esse 1.. id. N. D. i, j6, 
 loi ■ it would be t., longum est, id. Sest. 
 5, 12 : it would be t. to enunwroJe every 
 particular, 1. est omnia {sc. dicere), id. 
 N. D. I, 8, 19 . nnt to be t., ne longum 
 faciam, Hor. S. i, }, !}•} : ne 1. sit, Cic. 
 Cat. J, 5, 10 : miiid you are not t., ne 1. 
 fiet videte, id. Leg. 2, 10, 24. 3. lon- 
 ginquus {of long duration) : a t. warfare, 
 
 1. militia, Liv. 4, 18 : a t. disease, 1. mor- 
 bus, id. I, 51 : V. SLOW, WKARISOME. 
 
 4. taediosus : Firm. Math. Phr. 
 to be t., languorem afferre, languere, Cic. 
 Off. J, I, I and } : the year seems t., piger 
 annus videtur, Hor. Ep. I, I, 21 (joined 
 to nox longa, dies lenta) : if I were to 
 relate more it would be t., si alia me- 
 morem. mora sit, PI. Capt. 4, j, 6 : there 
 is something t. in Cicero, * in Cicerone 
 est nescio quid puiidi ac molesti. 
 
 tediously : expr. by the adj. : or 
 cum taedio, Quitit. 4, 2, 44 : or longius, 
 id. 10. 2, 17 : V. SLOWLY. Taediose is no 
 longer read in App. de Deo Socrat. p. 51, 
 extr. 
 
 tediousness : no exact word : it 
 may sometimes be expr. by taedium, 
 which primarily denotes the sense of 
 weariness in persons, or an object that 
 gives rise to it ■ the t. of a protracted 
 war, longi taedia belli, Ov. M. 1 }, 21 j . 
 the t. of a dead calm, tranquillitatis len- 
 tissimae t„ Sen. Ep. 70, j : rhetorical 
 division relieves the sense oft., parti tio 
 t. levat. Quint. 4, 2, 49 : oscltationes = 
 tedious ivritings in Stat. S. 4, 9, 20 : and 
 perh. t. speaking in Quint. 11, j, j. 
 Phr.: the t. of old u-riters, antiquorum 
 scriptorum languor, Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: 
 the t. of very embarrassed orations, im- 
 peditissimarum orationum spatia, Tac. 
 Or. 19. 
 
 teem : scateo, 2 : V. ABOUND. 
 
 teeth ("•) •■ dentio, 4 : children t.ing 
 very late, pueri tarde dentientes, Plin. 
 jo, J, 8, ^ 22. 
 
 teething (s«f>s.): dentltio: during t., 
 in dentiiione, Plin. 28, 19, 78. The form 
 denlio occurs in Plin. Val. i, 4, 2. 
 
 tegument : integumentum : T. IN- 
 
 TEGU.MENT, COVERING. 
 
 teil-tree : tf'a : v. luie-tree. 
 
 telegraph: *telegraphum(Kr.): the 
 old-lashiotjed t. may be expr. by * ma- 
 china rem gestam per signa lignea nun- 
 tians (Kr.) : (see also Caes. B. G. 7, i) : 
 the electric t., *macbina ad vim electri- 
 cam transmittendam ita instructa ut 
 sine iiitervallo literas et verba e long- 
 inquo indicet : to send a message by 
 t., * telegrapho, quod dicitur, nuniium 
 mittere. 
 
 teleology : perh. *causarum finalium 
 doctrina, or ratio : in Cic. the same notion 
 is expr. by a periphrasis: cf. N. D. 2, 
 
 telescope : * telescopium (Kr.) : 
 * tubus speculatorius : * perspicillum 
 (Bacon): to look through a t., *oculis 
 arniatis prospicere aliquid (Kr.). 
 
 tell : I. 1^ communicate : 1. 
 narro, i (with ace. of the thing, or ahl. 
 with de, and dat. of the pers. : also with 
 axx. and inf., rarely with ut, and abs.) : 
 I am t.ing you xchat you know better 
 than I who t. it, ego tibi ea narro quae 
 tu melius scis.quam ipse qui narro, Cic. 
 Fam 9, 6, 6 ; to t. a roundabout story, 
 ambages n., Ter. Heaut. 2, j, 77 : the 
 tablets themselves will t. you, ipsae (ta- 
 l)ellae) tibi narrabunt, PI. Pers. 4, j, 29 
 ( 57) : tot. a story to a deaf ass, surdo fab- 
 ulam n. asello, Hor. S. I, I, 70 : to t. bad 
 news about any one, male n. de aliquo, 
 Cic. Att. 16, 14, ad fin. : the sailor t.s of 
 the uinds, navila de ventis narrat. Prop. 
 
 2, I, 4? : he used to t. many things from 
 memory in a pleasant style, multa n. 
 memoriter et jucunde solebat, Cic. Am. 
 init. : to t. carefully and clearly, n. dili- 
 genter et enodate, id. Inv. i, 21, jo : he 
 told {us) that you used to be anxious at 
 times, narravit te intt-rdum soUicitum 
 solere esse, id. Fam. 6, 1, 6: I will t. 
 you : I used previously to be somewhat 
 angry at the thortnets of your letteri. 
 
 narro tibi : ante subirascebar brevitati 
 literarum tuarum, id. ib. 1 1, 24, init. : 
 the scope of oar k ork requires that hit 
 history should be briefly told, operis 
 modus paucis eura narrari jubet. Veil. 
 2, 29, 22 : Virg. Aen. 2, 549. 2. enarro, 
 1 {to recount fully and in order) : to t. 
 the luhoU affair from beginning to end, 
 omuem rem ordine e., Ter. Ad. j, i, 11 : 
 ht me first t. this which I have begun, 
 hoc quod coepi primum enarrem, id. 
 Heaut. 2, J, J2 : to t. one's dream to the 
 senate, somnium senatui e., Cic Dlv. t, 
 26, ;;. 3. denarro, i {to t. fully : rare) : 
 I will t. him this, haec ego llli denarrabo, 
 Ter. Ph. 5, 7 (8), 51 : he t.s his mother, 
 matri denarrat, Hor. S. 2, }, J15. 4. 
 renarro, i {to t. over again : poet.) : to 
 t. the decrees of the gods, fata divum r., 
 Virg. Aen. }, 717 : Ov. 5. dico, xi, 
 ctum, J : t. me whose cattle are these, 
 die mihi cujum pecus, Virg. E. ;, i : it 
 is tedious to t., longum est d., Cic. Sest. 
 5, 12 : to t. the truth, d. verum, id. Fam. 
 9, 24, 2 : to t. a lie, d. mendacium. Nep. 
 Att. i;, I : It. you this as a profound 
 secret, arcano {adv.) tibi ego hoc dico, 
 PI. Trin. 2, 4, 117 : / 1. you again and 
 again it will be done at your risk, 
 etiam atque etiam d. tuo periculo fiet, 
 Cic. Att. ij, 25, ad fin. : v. say. 6. 
 loquov, ciitus, } (to talk, converse) : t. me 
 your name, loquere mihi tuum nomen, 
 PI. Men. 5, 9, 7 : you were saying you 
 wished to t. me something in private, 
 nescio quid secreto velle 1. te aiebas 
 mecum, Hor. S. i , 9, 67 : it is a horrible 
 thing ofivhich they t., horribile est quod 
 loquuntur, Cic. Att. 14, 4 : to t. of battles, 
 1. praelia, Hor. Od. 4, 1 5, i : as the annals 
 of the Raman people t., ut annales P. R. 
 loquuntur, Cic. Dum. u. 86: the fact 
 itself t.s, res ipsa loquitur, id. Mil. 20, 
 54 : eyes too expressive t. liow we are 
 mentally affected, oculi nimis arguti 
 quemadmodum affecti simus loquuntur, 
 id. Leg. I, 9, 27 : you are in a city where 
 the very walls seem able to t. you thit 
 more fully and amply, in ea es urbe in 
 qua haec plura et ornatlora parietes ipsi 
 1. posse videntur, id. Fam. 6, j, j : v. 
 SPEAK. 7. memOro, i {to call to mind): 
 whether am Itot. his pride or his cruelty 
 first f utmm superbiam prius memorem 
 an crudelitatem .' Cic. Verr. i, 47, 122 : to 
 t. the praises of illustrious men, m. hon- 
 oratorum virorum laudes, Auct. in Cic. 
 Leg. 2, 24, 62 : fo)- ye remember, O god- 
 desses, and can t., et meministis enim, 
 divae, et m. potestis, Virg. Aen. 7, 645 : 
 V. RELATE, DESCRIBE. 8. enumero, I 
 (prop, to t. the number of : hence, gen. 
 to recount) : I will not t. all the Tniseries, 
 non faciam ut enumerem miserias omnes, 
 Cic. Att. i, "], ad med. : the advantage* 
 of rivers cannot be told, enumerari non 
 possunt fluminum opportunitates, id. 
 N. D. 2, 5?, i?2: to t. of many an in- 
 stance in one's discourse, plurima fando 
 e., Vtrg. Aen. 4, j?4 : V. RECOUNT. 9. 
 do, dgdi, datum, i (to give : used in this 
 sense mostly by the com. poets) : t. me 
 now, do you quite approve of it ? da mihi 
 imnc, satisne probas .' Cic. Acad. I, }, 
 lo : / win t. in few ivords, paucis {sc. 
 verbis), dabo, Ter. Heaut. prol. lo: lurill 
 t. this trick to my master's son, herili 
 filio banc fabricam dabo, PI. Bac. 2, j, 
 IJ2. 10. cSdo (an old imp., give or 
 tell thou : the 2.nd pi. cette is appy. used 
 in the first meaning only) : t. me then 
 what I am to do, c. igitur quid faciam, 
 Ter. Andr. 2, ?, 9: / immediately said, 
 t. me if you have anything from Atticut, 
 ego st;itim, c, inquam, si quid ab .\ttico, 
 Cic. Att. 16, ij, ad init. : t. me one au- 
 thority for your proceeding, unum c. 
 auctorem tui facti, id. Verr. 5, 26, 67. 
 Phr.: a story is told of a foul crime. 
 foedum traditur scelus, Liv. i, 48 : to t. 
 our friends' secrets, amiconim secreta 
 eloqui, Sen. Ben. 5, 21, i: t. it to safe 
 ears, depone tutis auribus, Hor, Od. i, 
 27,18: they must be told of their danger, 
 de periculo erunt oommonendi, Cic. Part. 
 Or. 27, 96 to t. one's secrets to a person, 
 occulta alicui credere, id. Coel. 25, 57: 
 aliquid comniittere, Catul. loi, \: t. of
 
 TSLLEB 
 
 TEMPERANCE 
 
 TEMPERATELY 
 
 the theft, furto sileiitia denie, Ov. M. 2, 
 •)oo : " tell it to the marines," quaere 
 peregrinum, Hor. Ep. i, 17. 62. ||, 
 To order : jubeo, Jussi, Jassum, 2 : v. 
 OBDEB, BID. Ill, To discern; iiitel- 
 ITgo, lexi, lectum, j. v. discekn, know. 
 IV. TV) point out: indico, i . v. ik- 
 DICATK, SHEW. V. '/'o cour/t : nuiTifiro, 
 I : V. couKr : diduco, xi, ctum, ? {to t. 
 off^ : to t. ojf upon one's fingers, d. in 
 digitis, Quint. 4. 5. 14. VI. TV) have 
 weight or infiuence v41eo, 2 : v. IN- 
 
 FUJENCK. 
 
 teller: numerator; V, COUNTER, 
 telling (otO) •• villdus: v. fobcible, 
 
 WEIGHTY. 
 
 temerity : tfimBritas, Cic : v. bash- 
 
 NE&S. 
 
 temper (»•)■• 1. temp€ro, i (In 
 most senses, lit. and fiR., of the Eng.): to 
 t. iron, t. ferrura, Plin. J4, 14, 41 ; to t. 
 colours, t. colores, id. 2, 1 8, 16 ■ to t. iHne, 
 t. vinum, id. 29. ?, 11, ^ ;o: to t.lime 
 {for mortar), calcem t., Vitr. 7, 2 : ex- 
 cessive heat is t.'d by the bU/wing of the 
 Etesian winds, Eteslarum flatu nimii 
 temperantur calores, CSc. N. I). 2, 5?, 
 ijl . chill evening tjs the air, frigidus 
 vesper aera temperat, Virg. G. j, ? n : lo 
 t. the baths, balnea t., Sen. Ep. 86, 10 : 
 when he hail tah-n those three things he 
 t.'d them into one kind, ea quiim tria 
 sumpsis-set unam in speclem temperavit. 
 Cia Tioi. l, ad init. : to t. sharp and 
 fat tones, acuta cum gravibus t., id. 
 Rep. 6, 18. H' i g. : freed/im not t.'d n-ith 
 nwtUration but loo unmixed, libertas 
 non modice temperata .-ed nimis mera- 
 ca, id. ib. I, 4J; a form <f governmeid 
 made by blending and t.ing together the 
 three best kinds of states, genus aeqna- 
 tum et temperatum ex tribus optimis 
 rerum publicarum modis, id. ib. i, 4; : 
 to t. the bitters of life with a quiet 
 smile, amara lento t. risu, Hor. Od. 2, 
 161 i^ : as the air is t'd so tlie growivg 
 boys are t.'d and moulded, utcumque 
 temperatus sii aer iia pueros orientes 
 a. et formarl. Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89 2. 
 misceo, mi.scui. mistum or mi.xtum, 2 
 (to mix . V. infra) • trit t.'d bii dig- 
 nity, gravitate nii.xtus Icpos, Cic. Rep. 
 2, I ; t. your stnous discussions with a 
 brief folly, misc*- consiliis stultitiam 
 brevem, Hor. Od. 4, 1 2, 27 . a spot vhfre, 
 Greek lavishni'SS and provincial thrift 
 were t.'d and happili/ blended, locus 
 Oraeca comitate et provinciali parsi- 
 nionia mistus et bene compositus, Tac. 
 Agr. 4. J o i n : m. et temperare, Cic. 
 
 Off. ?, JJ, 119: V. BLEND, MIX. [N.B.— 
 
 It is only in tlie fig. sense, and where 
 the context suflBciently expresses the 
 result of the mixing that this verb is 
 used as a syn. of tenipero, from which, 
 in the stricter sense, it is distirjguished 
 in Cic. Kep. 2, 2J, haec ita mixia fue- 
 ruiit ut teniperata nullo fiierint modo, 
 these things were so mixed that they nere 
 in no rvise t.'d.] 3. condio, 4 (prop. 
 to season : In a fig. sense, to t.) : to t. 
 anything naturalli/ harsh by many 
 pleasures, c. aliquid natura asperum 
 pluribus voluptatibus. Quint 5, 14, [5: 
 dignity t.'d tvith affability, comitate 
 condita gravitas. Cic. Sen. 4, 10 : these 
 things indeed vhich are now m/ist excel- 
 lent will not become better, but it is 
 pleasanter when they are t.'d, non istA 
 quidem enint meliora, quae nunc sunt 
 optima, sed certe condlia jucundius. Cic. 
 Mur. ji, 66. 4. diluo, ui, utum, 5: 
 V. DiLtiTE. 5. corrigo, rexi. reciuni, 
 J (to correcf) : to t. wines, c. vina, Plin. 
 I5i J9. }'^■ ft pass. 6 lenio, 4. v. 
 
 SOFTEH, MITIGATE. Phr : if yOU t. 
 
 your gravity with his affability, si illius 
 comitatem tuae gravitati asperseris, Cic. 
 Mur. ?i. 66- the river Salo in which 
 weapons are t.'d, teniperator aimorum 
 Salo, Mart. 4, 5?, 15 
 
 temper (-w^s.); |, Dw. mixture: 
 1. tcmperalio the t. of bronze, t. 
 aeris, Cic. Verr. 4, 44, 98 : Vitr. 2. 
 tenipgratiira the t. of home, t. aeris, 
 Plin. J4, 9, 20 the t. of vermihon, t. 
 minii, Vitr. 7,9, i. 3. tempfries, ei, 
 /. ; an equal t of all the ingredients. 
 
 aeqiialis t. uniiiium mi&lurarum, Plin. 
 J4, 2, }, adjtn. I'h r. . the different sorts 
 and tj of bronze, differentiae aeris it 
 uilsturae, id. J4, 8. 20. ||. IHspositiun 
 of mind: 1. animus, the tail shous 
 the t. of the lion, It-uniim aninil index 
 est Cauda, Plin. 8, 16. 19: to be in a good 
 t., comi, leui aninm esse, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1 , 
 J9 : having no amtrol over rnie's t., inipus 
 animi, PI. Bac. 4, 2, i to show one's bad 
 t., animos violentos iramque ex pect ire 
 promerc, id. True-. 2, 7, 5i (4?)- to be of a 
 wanton, bad t.. protervo, iraciindu arimo 
 e&-e, id. Bac. 4, z, i ■ an injlexibU I., atrux 
 a., Hur. Od. 2, I, 24: a fickle t., a. mo- 
 bills (opp. to stabilis), Cic. Fam. ;, 2, 10: 
 a good t., aequus a., id. Piosc. Am. 50, 
 14$ : an unruffled t., a. aequlssimus, Id. 
 
 TUSC. 5, J7, 108: V. DISI"OSITI0N. 2. 
 
 ingenium : a stern and inexorable I., 
 durum et inexorabile i., Ter. Ph. }, 2, 
 12: liorn with a bad t.. malevolente i. 
 natus, PI. Bac. 4, 2. 4. tiMt two violent 
 t.s niif/ht not be joined in marriage, ne 
 duo violenta i. in matriuionio Jungeren- 
 tur, Liv. I, 46. 3. expr. by ira, or 
 iracundia {raye, bad t) : to do anything 
 in a fit of t , facere aliquid per iram, 
 Cic. \'»f-c. 4, 57, 79: to ker-p one's t., ira- 
 cundiani cohibere, id. Marc. }, 8: iram 
 comprimere, PI. True. 2, 2, 9: to lose 
 one's t., iracundia efferri, Cic. de Or. 2. 
 75, J05 : to be in a very bad t., iracundia 
 suinma esse, Caes. B. C. j, 16. I'hr. : 
 an uncle of a very bad t., avunculus 
 difficillima natura, Nep. Alt. ?, 1 : but 
 old men are p'Cvish, uneasy, testy, and 
 ill-t.'d, at sum morosi et anxii et ira- 
 cundi et difficiles senes, Cic Sen. 18. 65 : 
 to be of such a t., talem diem Induere, 
 Tac. A. 6. 20, 
 temperament : 1. habitus, as : 
 
 the t.s if their bodies are lyirious, varii 
 corponmi h., I'ac. Agr. 1 1 : justice is a 
 t. of the mind, Justitia est h. animi, Cic. 
 Inv. 2, 55, 160: the nature and t. of 
 clemency, natura clementiae h.que, Sen. 
 Clem. 1, J, ad init. : v. constitctios, 
 DISPOSITION. 2. tempgratio: tlie t. 
 of the body when the vari))us parts of 
 nhich it is composed are in harmony 
 with one another is health, corporis t. 
 quum ea congTuimt inter se e quibus 
 constat saiiitas, Cic. Tusc. 4, IJ, }o: the 
 discipline and t. of the state, disciplina 
 ac t. civitalis, id. 4, i, i. 3. tenipcra- 
 mentiim ; the material is the same but 
 the t. differs, eadeni est materia sed dis- 
 tat t, Piin. 9, 56, 61 : ue ought to observe 
 a mean, but a due t. is difficult, modum 
 tenere debemus, sed difficile est t., S<n. 
 Clem. I, 2, ad fin.: v. die mkan. 4. 
 tempiSratura : the t. of the body. t. cor- 
 poris. Sen. Ep. 11,6. Phr. : / am om- 
 sidered to have a phlegmatic t., leiitus 
 existimor, Cic. de Or. 2, 75, {05 : a suji- 
 guine t., alacer ac promptus animus, 
 Caes. B. G. j. 19 : v, preced. art. 
 
 temperance ; 1. temperantia 
 
 (the most gen. term, answering pretty 
 closely to the Eng.): t. is the firm and 
 moderate control of reason over the sen- 
 sual desires and over the other non- 
 virtuous desires of the soul, t. est ra- 
 tionis in libidinem atque in alios non 
 rectos impetus animi lirma ac moderata 
 dominatio, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164 : t. t/rings 
 peace to the mind, i. pacem animis affcrt, 
 id. Kin. i, 14, 47: t. in food, t. in victu, 
 id. Tusc, 5, 20, 57. Join modestia et 
 t. Id Off. I, 5, 14: moderatio et t.. id. 
 de Or. 2, 60, 247. 2. continentia (t. 
 which restrains one's lusts : a special 
 term, as opp. to the preced., which is 
 general) : (. is that whereby desires are 
 controlled by the guidance of reffection, 
 c. est per qnam cupidllas consilil gnber- 
 nationc regitur, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164: t. 
 in every l/ranch of living and style, c. 
 in victu omni atque cultu, id. Off. 2, 24, 
 86. Join c. et temperantia, id. Off. 
 J, 25, 96 modestia et c., Caes. B. G. 7, 
 52. 3. frugiilitas (moderatiim in 
 
 enjoyment, thriftiness) : t. embraces 
 every kind of abstinence and harmles.'- 
 ness, togither with all other virtws. om- 
 nem abstiiienliam, omnem inin>centiam 
 reliquag etiam virtutes f. contiuet, Cic. 
 
 I Tusc }. 8, 16 (q. v.: he mentions tem- 
 j peranlta, moderatio, and sometimes even 
 modestia as equiv. for aiu^poaiiyri, and 
 1 then proposes f. as the best equiv.) : 
 i remarkable and admirable t , singularis 
 et admiranda f., id. l><-iot. 9, 26 good 
 health, and that which chiefly pioducet 
 it. t., bona valetudo, quatque earn 
 maxime praestat, I., Qulut. 10, j. 26. 
 4. m6destia : v. moderation. 
 8OBBIETV. 5. abstlnentia: v. ab- 
 
 stinence. Join: a. et continentia, 
 Cic. Off. 2, 22. 77. 6. tempfries, ei 
 (poet, and late) : peaceful t. of character, 
 t. traiiquilla murum, Sut. S. 2, 6, 48. 
 Claud. Phr.: a t.-socirty, perh. • sic- 
 corum todalitas : v. w.xtkb-dkixkeb. 
 
 temperate: I. <'f climate: tem- 
 IH-ratiis nu/re t. parts, loca teniperatiora. 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 11, exir.: a fine and t. 
 regior ^gregia uque regio. Vitr. 6, I, 
 If; v iiLD: ttie t. zone. otI>\s niediua et 
 mitior plapa, Plin. 2}, I, 22 (R. and A.) : 
 •zona I, Milton: v. zone. ||, (/f 
 character: \, tem|>£riitiis : the juit, 
 t.. and wise, justi, L, sapientes, Cic. N. D. 
 J, j6, 87 : of t. and moderate cliaracter, 
 I. moderatisque nioribus, id. Earn. 12. 
 27 : a moderate and t. speech, oralio 
 modica et t,, id. Or. 27, 95. 2. 'eni- 
 pCrans, ntis (prop, a p'lrt., and hince 
 constr. with abl. or gen. of the thing, to 
 denote In what respect lemfxfrance is 
 observed): a moderate and t. man in 
 all the relations of life, homo in onuii- 
 bus vitae partibus moderatus ac t.. Cic. 
 Font. 14, 50: you nill call him t. uho 
 has controlled himself in regard to 
 some lust, tcinperant' m dices qui se in 
 aliqua libidine contlnuerit, id. I'ar. j, t: 
 princes more t. in reference to the iiesire 
 of power, principes lemperanliires im- 
 I>erii, Liv. 26, 22, ad fin. : more t. at to 
 power, poteslatis temperantior. I'ac. A. 
 I?, 46, extr. 3. friigt (orig. a dot. 
 fern, of the unused friix. as shown by 
 the last example below : then us'-<l as 
 an indecl. adj. in the pos. for frugalls, 
 which only occurs in the comp. and tup., 
 reg. formed from it): to be called a t. 
 man is no great praise for a king, t. 
 homlnem dici non multum habel laudls 
 in rege. Cic. I)eiot. 9, 26: I'enelojx to 
 t. and so chaste, (Penelop.-) tarn (. lam- 
 qiie pudica, H.t. S. 2, 5, 77 . luxuri<'iii, 
 t., shabby living, vklus luxuriosus, f., 
 sordidus. Quint. 5, 10, 27. uery midett 
 and very t., permoifestus et bonae f, 
 Cic. Alt. 4, 8, ad fin. 4. continens, 
 ntis (rare) : our ancestors, m('St t. men, 
 continentissimi homines majores nos- 
 tri, Cic. Par. 1, l : more t. in money 
 matters, continentior in pecunla, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 2?. 5. mCdius {moderate): 
 a t. speech, m. oratio, Liv. 10, 26, ad 
 init. : pondering no t. scheme, but every- 
 thing that was extravagant, nihil m. sed 
 inimensa omnia animo volvenles, id. 2, 
 49 : v. MODERATE. 6. sObrius Cprop. 
 unintoxica'ai) : sparing and t.. parcus 
 ac s., Ter. Ad. i. 2. M : men quite thrifty 
 and t., huuiines plane frugi ac s,, Cic. 
 Verr. j, 27, 67. 7. siccus (abstrm- 
 ious, sober) : a sober and t. lije, vlt« 
 sobria et s., Sen. Vit. Beat. 12, 4: Cic 
 Acad. 2, 27, 88. Join: s., frugi. con- 
 tinens, PI. Asin. 5. 2. 7. 8. abstfmius 
 (prop. rc/mi'mnjT /rom strong drinks): 
 t. in the'midft <f outspread luxuries, in 
 medio po.sitorum a.. Hor. Ep. i, 12. 7- 
 Ov. 9. abstinens, ntis (refraining 
 Jfrt/m what is unlaufuD : to tt t., to re- 
 strain all desires, is nobU. esse a., con- 
 tinere onines cupiditat»'S praeclarum est, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. I. I, II, ?2 a man most t. 
 in all that concerned others, homo alieni 
 abstiiienti>simus, Plin. Ep. 6, 8, ad med. : 
 V. AB.-TINEST, ixjntinknt Phr. to be 
 t., t»'mj)er.ire (.with aW., either alone or 
 with in, also with dat.) : to be t. in love. 
 inamore t, 1^1. t^id. I, 2, 8 to be t. 
 ii-itJi the tongue. Imguae t., id. Rud. 4, 7, 
 28. to be t. "ith the Aandt, maoibus L. 
 Liv. 2, 2!, <id med. 
 
 temnerately : 1. tempfr.ite 
 
 when it shall be t. u^i-m. ubi t. tetKbit, 
 Cato, R. R. 69. 2 : to act t.. t. apere, (Mc 
 AtL 12,32,0(1 med. 2. temperanter 
 841
 
 TEMPERATE NESS 
 
 TEMPORIZE 
 
 TEN 
 
 he adds the remainivg remarks t., cetera 
 t. adjungit, Tac. A. 15, 29: Cic. 3. 
 frugallter : to talk t., f. loqui, Cic. Fin. 2, 
 9, 25 : Hor. 4. continenter (rare) : 
 to have lived t. in Asia is worthy of 
 praise.c. in Asia vixisse laudanduni est, 
 Cic. Mur. 5, 12. 5. sobrie : to live t, 
 8. vivere (joined to continenter), Cic. 
 
 Off. I, JO, 106 ; V. MODERATELY. 
 
 temperateness : I. temperie.^ 
 
 «i : V. MILD TEMPERATURE, in foil. art. 
 
 II. mOdeiatio: v. moderation. 
 temperature : no exact word : by 
 changes of t. bodies are injured, niuta- 
 tionibus caloris ac frigoiis corpora viti- 
 antur, Vitr. 1, 4, 2 : the cattses trhich 
 modify the t., causae quae vim habeant 
 caloris ac frigoris, after Cic. Tim. 14, ad 
 med. : the t. of the atmosphere may be 
 expr. by coelum : the chavgeableJtess of 
 the t., coeli varietas mutatioque. Col. 
 
 II, 2, I : V. CLIMATE. A mild t., 
 arising from the due blending of heat 
 and cold, is expr. by : 1. temperatio: 
 the advantages vhich are derived from 
 the mild t. of the atmosphere, commoda 
 quae percipiuntur coeli temperatione, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 5, I J. 2. temperies, ei, 
 /. : he produced a mild t. by mixing fire 
 and cold, t. dedit mixta cum frigore 
 flamma, Ov. M. i, ;i : the mild t. of the 
 year, t. anni, Plin. 18, 2;, 60 ; Hor. 3. 
 tempSratiira : a good and u'holesome t., 
 t. utilis ac salubris, Sen. Ep. 86, 10 (of a 
 bath). 4. temperamentum : the mild 
 t. of the climate, coeli t., .Just. 2, i (q. v.). 
 Phr. : the ci/press growing in a mild t.. 
 cupressus in tepore proveniens, Plin. 16, 
 }}, 60, ertr. 
 
 tempest : tempestas, intemperies : 
 V. STORM. Phi. : to raise a t. in a tea- 
 pot, fliictus in simpulo, ut dicitur, exci- 
 tare, Cic. Leg. j, 16, }6 : sailors uvei-- 
 taken by a t., deprensi nautae, Virg. G. 
 
 4, 421 : t.-tossed, jactatus, Hor. Od. i, J2, 
 ■; : Cic. 
 
 tempestuous : proceiiosus : v. 
 
 STORMY. 
 
 tempestuously : proceiiose : v. 
 
 STORMILY. 
 
 tempestuousness : expr. by vMo- 
 
 lentia tempestatis, Curt. 8, 4, 5, and 
 similar phr. : v. storminess. violence. 
 
 Templar : * Templarius : the order 
 of the T.s, * commilitunes templi Salo- 
 monis, ordo 'I'eniplariorum : the confra- 
 te3i)ity of tlie T.s, *sancta domus militiae 
 Templi. 
 
 temple : I. -^ sacred building -. 
 1. aedes, is, /. (a simpler building 
 than templum : usu. in sing.) : to vow a 
 t., a. vovere, Liv. 10, j-;, ad fin. : to dedi- 
 cate a t., a. dedicare, Cic. Leg. 2, 2J, 58 ; 
 consecrare, id. Dom. 49, 1 27 : the t. of Min- 
 erva, a. Minervae, id. Ven'. 4, 55, 122 : the 
 summit of the Capitol and the other t.s, 
 Capitolii fastisium et ceterarum aedium, 
 id. de Or }, 46, 180 : whenever the con- 
 text does not clearly show the sacred 
 nature of the edifice sacer is added : so, 
 a. sacrae, id Dom. 49, 128 : opp. to pro- 
 fanae. id. N. I). 2, 2"!, 67 : tuo t.s, duae 
 a. sacrae. id. Verr. 4, 5;, 118 (binae is 
 used when a. signifies a house). Some- 
 times there is an ellipsis of a. after the 
 prep, ad : ne had come to the t. of Vesta, 
 ventum erat ad Vestae (sc. aedem), Hor. 
 
 5. I, 9, }$. 2. aedicula (dimiti. of 
 preced.) : vhen he had dedicated the 
 altar and little t., quum aram et a. 
 dedicasset, Cic. Dom. ;j. ij6. 3. 
 templum ^piop. the iihole of the sacred 
 buildings) : the t. of Juno, Junonis t. 
 (also call'd fanum),Cic. Inv. 2, i, 1 : at. 
 of vast vealth, immensae opulentiae t., 
 Tac. H. 5, 8 : the hidden and secret parts 
 of the t. trhich the Greeks call adi/ta, 
 occulta ac recoiidita templi quae Graeci 
 aSvTa appellant, Caes. B. C. }, 105 : to 
 ^ound a t., t. condere, Virg. Aen. i, 446 : 
 to build a t. of marble, t. de niarmore 
 ponere, id. d. M j. J o i n : t. aedesque, 
 Hor. Od. ?, 6. 2. Fig.: the t. of moi al- 
 ity, t. sanctitatis, Cic. Mil. ? J, 90 : the t.s 
 of the mind, t. mentis, Lucr. 5, lo). 
 
 4. fanum (prop, a space set apart 
 for a t. : cf. Liv. 10, J7, ad fm.): the t. 
 of Diana at Ephesus, f. Dianae Ephesi, 
 844 
 
 Caes. B. C. j, jj. Join.- f. atque de- 
 lubra, Cic. Rab. perd. 10, jo : f. et tem- 
 pla, id. Cat. 4, 11, 24 : f. sacellaque, Liv. 
 I. ?5- 5. delubnim (usu. in pi. : a 
 place for purification)) • standards hung 
 up in the t.s, signa affixa delubris, Hor. 
 Od. i, 5, 19: to honour the t.s of the 
 Mu^es, d. Musaruin colere, Cic. Arch. 11, 
 27. Join: templa atque d., Cic. N. D. 
 J, 40, 94. 6. sacellum, sacrarium ; 
 V. CHAPEL, SHRINE. 7. sedes, is, /. 
 (abode of a god) : the t. of Terminus, 
 Termini s., Liv. i, 55 : his t. and strong- 
 hold, s. atque arx, id. 5, 50. 8. tbo- 
 lus, i, m. (prop, the dome of a t. : hence 
 in the later poets, a t. itself) : thou shall 
 be icorshipped in a larger t., coleris 
 majore t., Stat. Silv. j, i, ;. 9. atrium 
 (a pari of the t. : v. Diet. Ant.): the t. 
 of Liberty, a. I^ibertatis, Cic. Mil. 22, ?9. 
 
 10. donarium (prup. the place where 
 gifts are kept : hence, o t.) ; lofty t.s, 
 alta d., Virg. G. }, 5!?: Apul. H. 
 capltolium (any heathen t.) : Prud. 
 
 12. insula; Eccl. 13. expr. by 
 the name of the deity to whom it is 
 dedicated : uJieti the t. of Vesta ivas 
 burnt, quo tempore Vesta arsit, Ov. Fast. 
 6, 4J7 : his veapons being hung on the 
 dom-post of the t. of Hercules, armis Her- 
 culis ad postem fixis, Hor. Ep. i, 1,5: 
 it had been better for thee to pass the 
 night in the t. of Jupiter, incubare te 
 satius fuerat Jovi, PI. Cure. 2, 2, i6. 
 Phr.: having struck the holy t., sacras 
 jaculatus arces, Hor. Od. I, 2, j (of the 
 Capitol) : the t. of his step-mother hard 
 by, junctae tecta novercae, Stat. S. j, i, 
 I !7 ; thy t. is at iMmpsacus, domus tua 
 Lampsaci est, Catul. 18, 2 : a t. rvithout 
 a roof, hypaethri.s, Vitr. j, 2, i. ||. 
 A pait of the hcau : 1. ti inpus, oris, 
 n. : the spear passed through either t., lit 
 hasta per t. utrumque, Virg. Aen. 9, 
 418 : he strikes Gracchus on the t., Grac- 
 cbo percutit tempus. Auct. Her. 4, 5;, 
 68 : to bind the is with a garland, t. 
 vincire corona, Hor. Od. i, 7, 2J ; adj., 
 temporalis : the t. veins, venae t., Veg. 
 Vet. 2, 16, 8. 2. s5por, oris : the left 
 t., laevus s., Stat. S. 2, i, 29. 
 
 temple-keeper : 1. ae^utuus : the 
 t.-s and guardians, a. custodesque, Cic. 
 Verr. 4. 44, 96 : Hor. : /. -a, Tert. : adj., 
 aeditualis, ib. 2. aedituens, litis: 
 
 Lucr. 6, 127J : V. Gell. 12, 10 (where he 
 argues in favour of the form acdilumus, 
 and quotes the verb aeditumor from 
 Pompon. : Varr. also says the former is 
 the older and better form, R. R. i, 2, i ). 
 
 3. saerarius : Inscr. Orell. 4. 
 hierophylax : Scaev. Dig. 5. insu- 
 laris; Just. J2, 2. 
 
 temporal : I. Pertaining to this 
 norld : expr. sometimes by humanus : 
 ever contemplate these heavenly things, 
 and despise those t. things, haec caelestia 
 semper spectato, ilia h. contemnito, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 19. In eccl. writers seciilaris, 
 temporalis: v. worldly. ||. ?>'(rn- 
 ecclesiastical : expr. perhaps by pro- 
 fanus, as opp. to sacer : a t. post, *ci\'ile 
 munus : the t. possessions of the church, 
 *bona ecclesiae quae Jure saeculi con- 
 tinentur (after Kr.) : * bona clericorum : 
 * temporalia, quae vocantur. 
 
 temporality : v. temporal, il 
 
 temporary: 1. temporarius: t. 
 generosity, t. liberalitas, Xep. Att. 11, J: 
 t. friendships, amicitiae t.. Sen. Ep. 9, 
 9 : a t. theatre, t. tlieatrum, Plin. 54, 7, 
 •7- 2. temporalis: a t. cause, t. 
 
 causa. Sen. N. Q. 7. 2j, 2: some add 
 that emotion is t., adjiciunt quidam 
 TTodos temporale esse. Quint. 6, 2, 10. 
 3. expr. by ad or in tempus : an 
 emotion of the mind which is usually 
 brief and t., perturbatio animi quae 
 plerumque brevis est et ad t., Cic. Off. 
 1 , 8, 27 : steps hastily constructd and a 
 t. theatre, subitarii gradus et scena in t. 
 structa, Tac. A. 14, 20. 
 
 temporarily : 1. ^xpr. by ad or 
 in tempus: a leader t. chosen, dux ad t. 
 lectus, Liv. 28, 42 ad init. : Cic. Am. 
 15.5?- 2. tPmpOrallter: Tert. 3. 
 tempOrarie : Salv. 
 
 temporize: I. Tobea time-server -. 
 
 expr. by phr. with tempus: to t., tern- 
 pori, temporibus servire, CicSest. 6, 14; 
 id. Fam. 10, j, j ; assentiri, id. ib. 1, 
 9, 21 : in so doing Tiobody cmiU think 
 he uas t.ing, quae cum faciebat nemo 
 eum temporis causa facere poterat e.t- 
 istimare, Nep. Att. 9, 6 : / have not t.d 
 in any degree, nihil est a me inservitum 
 temporis causa, Cic. Fam. 6, 12, 2 : to be 
 all! ays t.ing, semper ex ancipiti muta- 
 tione temporum pendere, Curt. 4, i, 27 : 
 to adopt a t.ing policy, fortunae appli- 
 care sua consilia, Liv. 32, 21, ad Jin. 
 II. m6ror: to delay, put off : v. delay. 
 
 temporizer : temporum homo, Curt. 
 5, J, 4 (where the best edd. reject mul- 
 torum) : they thijik you are too much of 
 a t., existimant te nimis servire tem- 
 poribus, Cic. Fam. 10, i, }: v. time- 
 server. 
 
 tempt : I, To allure, esp. to evil 
 
 1. tento, I : to t. tlie minds of the 
 slaves by hope and fear, t. animus ser- 
 vorum spe et metu, Cic. Clu. b}, 176; 
 did the Sardinian sheep - skin t. him 
 whom the royal purple did not move? 
 quem purpura regalis non commovit 
 eum Sardorum mastruca tentavit.? id. 
 Aem. Scaur, in Isid. Orig. 19, }: to t. 
 any one to a discussion, t. aliquem ad 
 disputandum, id. de Or. 2, }, 1} (where 
 some make ad d. depend upun the foil, 
 elicere). 2. attento, i : he industri- 
 ously t.'d the enemies ofevei'y one, omni- 
 um inimicos diligenter attenlavii. Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 54, 155: lest his fdelity should 
 be t.'d, ne sua fides attentetur, id. Or. 61, 
 208. 3. sollicito, 1 : to t. her chaste 
 fidelity by gifts, s. pudicam tidem donis, 
 bv. M. 7, 721 : to t. the slaves to kill the 
 guest, s. servos ad hospitem necandum. 
 Cic. Coel. 21, 51 : J am t.'d to think 
 there are no gods, sollicitor nullos esse 
 putare deos, Ov. Am. j, 9, }6. 4. 
 indQco, xi, ctum, j (constr. with ad or 
 in and ace.) ; to t. any one by bribes, 
 by favour, by hope, by promises, prelio, 
 gratia, spe, promissis i. aliquem (ixd par- 
 ricidium), Cic. Rose. Am. 28, 76: to t. 
 any one to tell a lie, i. aliquem ut 
 mentiatur, id. Rose. Com. 16, 46. 5- 
 invito, I: all things i. to sin, invitant 
 omnia culpam, Ov. H. 17, i8j: to t. to 
 sensuality, i. in libidinein. Suet. Cal. 41. 
 Join: i. et allicore, Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 17: 
 V. ALLURE, enti'.'e. 6. scaiiilalizo, I : 
 Tert. Phr.: you tifill not t. any lady 
 by the present oj a cosily robe, non ullam 
 rarae labefacles munere vestis, Catul. 69, 
 J. II, tento, I : V. try, attempt. 
 
 temptation ; 1. usu. expr. by a 
 phr. with some verb : the hope of wealth 
 has been a t. to many to sin, multis in- 
 duxit in peccatum peciniiae si>e.s, Auct. 
 Her. 2, 19, 29. 2. soUicitatio : she can- 
 not be overcome by t.s, soUicitationibus 
 expugnari non potest. Sen. Controv. 2, 
 i$,admed. 3. teiitaiio (common in 
 eccl. writers) : the whole of life is called 
 a t., vita tota t. nominatur, Aug. Conf. 
 lOp J2. 4. scandaium (a stumbling- 
 block) : Tert.: V. ALLUREMENT, ENTICE- 
 MENT. Phr.: who does not h^ioir that 
 the hope of impunity is the greatest t. to 
 sin ? quis ignorat maximam iUecebiHm 
 esse peccandi impunitatis spem.' Cic. 
 Mil. 16, 4}: to yield to t., succumbere 
 culpae, Virg. Aen. 4, 19 (R. and A.). 
 
 tempter : 1. tentator : Hor. Od. 
 }, 4, 71 : of the Devil, Vulg. Matt. iv. j. 
 
 2. solliciiator : Sen. Contr. 2, 15, 
 ad med. 
 
 tempting (idj.): illecebrosus .- v. 
 
 ENTICING. 
 
 ten : decern : poet, also deni : in 
 twice t. ships, bis denis navibus, Virg. 
 Aen. I. j8i : also expr. poet, by bis qiiin- 
 que. Hor. . 2, i, 24 : bis quini, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 126: sometimes put for an indef. 
 number : if you have t. tongues, si d. 
 habeas linguas, PI. Bac. I, 2, 20: Hor.: 
 the t. commandments, *d. praecepta : d. 
 verba, Vulg. Dent. x. 4 : decalogus, Tert. 
 Anim. ;7 : (. ?i jn«.s decies (deciens), Cic. : 
 used of an indef. immber, Hor. A. V. }b$ : 
 v. TENFOLD: I. each, t. at a time, deni 
 (gen. pi. denum, Cic. : denorum, Liv.) : 
 t. in measure, denarius, a pipe t. imihes
 
 TENABLE 
 
 TENDENCY 
 
 TENDER 
 
 .n circumference, d. fistula, Plin. ji, 6, 
 jl : the number I., decussis, is, m., Vllr. 
 J, I, 5: t/te number I. counted on the 
 fingers, deoarius digitoruni numerus, id. 
 ib. : V. DECADK ; a measure or weiglU of 
 t. ounces, dgcuncis, is, m. : Khem. Farm. 
 de ponder. 46 deciin.x, I'risc. de PondiT. 
 p. 1 548 H. : cuntaininy I. modii, deani- 
 modius. C!ol. 1 2, 50, 8 ' a L-foot measur- 
 ing rod, decemppda, Cic. MiL 27, 74: 
 Hor. : t. o'clock, hora quarta (diei, noetic 
 ace. to Roman computation) : a <.• 
 months' child, decemmestris partus. On- 
 ■orin. II, 2; tiliui natus in decern ni'ii- 
 sibus, Cic. Top. 10, 44 : a period of t. 
 years. dScennlum, App. de iJeo Socr. p. 
 52 : t. yi-ars old, decennis, Plin. 8, 44. 
 69: lasting t. years, decennis, CjuinL 
 8, 4, 22 ; decennaiis, Amm. 15, 12. 
 6 ; per decern atinos, Cic. : a festival 
 kept evtry t. years, dScennia, dficenna- 
 lia, Trebell, (iallien. 7, ad fin. : Id. ib. 
 21, ad fill.: a t.-lioise chariot, decem- 
 jugis, is, m. : Suet. Ner. 24 : having t. 
 ba^ks of oars, decemrgmis, Plin. •7. 56, 
 57, $ 208 : liaoing t. rowlocks, dec»?in- 
 scalmus, Cic Alt. 16. J, cud fin. : having 
 t. pillars, d6tastyios, Vilr. 5, 2, 8 : a 
 board of t. men. dC'ceniviri, Cic. Liv. : 
 V. DECEMVIR: the I. cliff 7;ien, dgcem- 
 primi, Cic. Vcrr. 2, 67, 162 a sH of t., 
 dgcilria, CoL 1,9, 7 : U> divide into sets 
 of t., dScuriare, Liv. 22, }9,adii>it.: a 
 dividing into sets of t., dScuriutus, ils, 
 id. ib. . deciiriatio, Cic. Plane. 18, 4;: 
 by sets of t., deciiriatini.Charis. : a com- 
 mander of t. men, dScurio, Varr. L. L. 
 5, 16, 26 decanus, Veg. Mil. 2, 8, ad fin. : 
 Hier. : t. per cent, de.\taiiles usurae: v. 
 Diet. Ant. 
 
 tenable ; «xpr. by a phr. : quod tueri. 
 defendi, teneri potest; lest the iiorks 
 which had been finished should not be 
 t., ne opus effecium tueri noii possit, 
 liirt. B. y. 8, i4, ad fin. : c£ Cic. Fin. }. 
 
 tenacious: 1. tenax, acis: the t. 
 piiicers, t. torceps, Virg. Aen. 12, 404: 
 dirty places t. unth thick mud, loca lim- 
 osa t. gravi coeno, Tac. A. 1, 6j: a t. 
 morass, t. voraKo, Catul. 17, 26: t. wax, 
 t. cerae, Virg. G. 4, 161. Fig.: a man 
 t. of his puipose, t. propositi vir, Hor. 
 Od. },}.!: I. of falseJiood and evil, ficti 
 pravique t., Virg. Aen. 4, 188 : a menviry 
 most t. for doing good, memoria beiie- 
 ficiendl tenacissima, Plin. Ep. 10, 7. 
 2. perlinax, acis {very t.): is his 
 faVier t. f ay, very t, tenaxne pater 
 ejus est? inimo p.. I'laut. Capt. 2, 2, ?9 : 
 a finger that pretends to be t., digitus 
 male p., Hor. Od. i, 9, 24 : v. pf.rtin- 
 Acious. 3. rC'tinens, ntis (observant 
 of : constr. with gen.) : a man t. of his 
 oivn rights and dignities, homo sui juris 
 digiiitatisque r., Cic. y. Fr. i, 2, J. 1 1 • 
 t. of his ancestral nobility, avitue iiobi- 
 litatis r., Tac. A. 2. ?8. ad fin. 4. 
 firmus (steadfast) : a man t. of his pur- 
 pose, vlr proposito f.. Veil. 2, 6j, > ■ a 
 man most t. of the cause he hcLS under- 
 taken, vir in suscepta causa firmissinius, 
 Cic. Mil. a, 91. 5. lentus (pliant, 
 adhesive) : glue, more tenacious than 
 birdlime or pilch, gluten visco et pice 
 lentius, Virg. G. 4, 41 : t. chains, I. vin- 
 cula. PI. Men. i, i, i8: v. clinuing. 
 
 tenaciously : 1. tenaciter : to 
 grcu-p t., I. premere, Ov. H. 9, 2i : to 
 grasp more I. nith the hand, munu tena- 
 cius apprehendere, Val. Max. 7, 5, 2. 
 2. pertinaclter (very t.): to cling 
 ni'ire t., ningi* p. haerere, yuint. l, i, 5. 
 Phr.: they cling t. to that system as to 
 a rock, ad earn disciplinam tanquam ad 
 iaximi adhaerescuiit, Cic. Acad. 2, i. 8. 
 
 tenacity : 1. tenacltas : to seize 
 food by tlie t. of their talons, cibum un- 
 guium tenacltate arrlpere, Cic. N. IJ. 2, 
 47, 122. 2. lentor (toughness, viscid- 
 ity): the t. of pitch, I. plcis, Plin. 11, 16, 
 21. 
 
 tenancy: 1. conductio(aAmnp); 
 the tejiant being dead tvithin the time if 
 his t., mortuo oonductorc intra tmpora 
 conductioiiis, Just. Inst. ?, 24,6: tlu laxo 
 of t., lex conductionis. Gal. Dig. 19, 2, 
 25, $ }■ 2. iuquilinatuB, us: Ten. 
 
 3. incolatus. lis (a gen. term : retid- 
 ing, inhatriting a particular locality) : 
 Mo<lfst. Wg. 50, I, {4. 
 
 tenant (subs.) : l. conductor (one 
 ivlui hires ur rents) : he remitted the t.s' 
 yearly rent for their duellings, mera-des 
 habitationum annuas conductoribus don- 
 avit, (Jacs. B. C }, 21 . /. -irix. iJiocl. et 
 Maxim. Cod. 4, 6;, 24. 2. cSlonus 
 (a t. u'tio holds ian<i) : you have not come 
 into it as a landlord but as a t., non 
 dorainus isto sed c. intrasti, Sen. Ep. 88, 
 12: the sturdy, rent-paying t., fortis 
 mercede c, Hor. S. 2, 2, 11; : cf. Col. i, 
 7, pass. : a t. who pays the rent with 
 jxirt (f his produce, c. partiarius, Gai. 
 UIg. 19, 2, 25, i b: f. -a, Paul. Dig. 19, 
 2, 54. extr. 3. inqullinus (a t.-at- 
 ivill icho occupies a house) : the t.s of 
 private houses and lodging-houses, i. prl- 
 valarum aedium atque insularum, Suet. 
 Ni-r. 44: opp. to doininus, Cic. Phil. 
 2, 41, lOj. 4. iiisularius (one who 
 lives in a subdivided house or insula: 
 V. Diet Ant.): Petr. 95, 8. 5. expr. 
 more indef. by liabliaUjr or inc6la : de- 
 cent t.s have rented your house, domum 
 tnam mundi habitatores conduxerunt, 
 Cic. Q. Fr. 2, J, 7 : o new t., novus in- 
 cola, Hor. S. 2, 2, I23: v. inhahitant. 
 Phr.; three brothers, t.s in common, 
 consortes tres fratres, Cic. Verr. j, 2J, 
 57 : who was the t. of that estate before 
 your grandfather f ante avum tuum 
 quis agrum Istum tenuit? Sen. Ep. 88, 
 12 : an hereditary t., perpeluarlus, Cod. 
 Just. II, 70, 5. 
 
 tenant (c) •• habito. i : v. inhabit. 
 
 tenantable : expr. by the phr. sar- 
 ins lectus (usu. in )il. as a sabs., sarta 
 tt'rta) : to require pl-aces to be in t. re- 
 pair, sarta tecta exlgere, Liv. 29, J7: 
 Cic: tf. Ulp. Dig. l, 6, 17: or by habi- 
 tabllis, Plin. 9, 10, 12 : v. habitable. 
 
 tenantless : vacuus : v. lkinha- 
 
 BITKli. 
 
 tenantry : perh. expr. by coloni, 
 Caes. B. C. I. J4: v. tenant. 
 
 tench.: tinea: the greenish t.s,y\nAe& 
 t., Aus. Idyll. 10, 12;: Tiiica vulgaris, 
 Cuv. : cyprinus T., Linn. 
 
 tend : |. T r a n s. : To take care 
 of: 1. c61o, cfilui, cultum, i: to t. 
 the vine, vilem c, Cic. Fin. 4, 14, J8 : to 
 t. trees, c arbores, Hor. Od. 2. 14,22; 
 to t. one's tresses, c. capillo.-., lib. i, 8, 
 9. 2. euro, I • to t. the vineyard, 
 c. vineam, Cato in Plin. 17, 22, j?. 
 } 19? ; to t. bees, c apes. Col. 9, 14, t. 
 3 prScuro ■ to t. trees, p. arbores. 
 Cato R. R 4>, extr.: to I. children, p. 
 pueros. PI. Puen. prolog. 29: v. cabe 
 FOB, 4. assldeo, sedl, sessum, 2 
 
 med. 1. 1. : to sit at a bed-side) : have 
 you any one to t. you .* babes qui asside- 
 at ? Hor. S. I, I, 82 : Cels. J, 4, ad med. 
 Phr.: what care is needed in t.ing 
 cattle, qui cultus habendo sit pccori, 
 \'irg.G.i,J. II, Intrans.' Togo 
 in a given direction : \. tendo, te- 
 I tendi, tensnm and tentum, ?: hitlier we 
 all t; hue tendimus omnes, Ov, M. 10, 
 J4 : the palm-tree t.s upuards, sursum 
 tendlt palraes. Col. 5, 6. 28: whither art 
 thou tending, my Muse ? quo Musa tend- 
 is? Hor. Od. J, 1,70: do you understand 
 to ivhat these things I am saying 1. 1 
 tenesne quorsum haecce tendant quae 
 loquor ? PI. Ps. 1.2,81 (86). 2. specto, 
 I (to look) : to what does the whole of this 
 speech t. r quorsum liaec omnis spectat 
 oratio? Cic Phil. 7, 9, 26- things t. to 
 ivar, ad anna res spectat. id. Fani. 14, 5, 
 ad med.: Liv. 3. pertineo, tinui, 
 tentum, 2 : see to tvhat that tj, illud 
 quo pertineat videle, Cic. Agr. 2. 8, 20: 
 matters seemed in no vif to t. to alle- 
 viate Oieir wrongs, res nihil ad levandas 
 injurias p. videbantur, Caes. B. C. I, 9. 
 Phr.: all things t. doimwards, deor- 
 sum cuncta feruntur, Lucr. 2, 202: whi- 
 ther am 1 tending f quo feror? Ov. M. 
 9, 509: thither (i. e. to Tiberius) every- 
 thing t.'d, illuc cuncta vergere, Tac. .\. 
 I, i, ad med. 
 
 tendency : 1. inclinatio ; the t. 
 of affairs in the state, inclinationes re- 
 rum in republica, Cic. Fin. 5, 4, 11 : 
 
 cruelty is a t. of the mind to undu4 
 severity, crudeliias est i. animi ad a» 
 perii>ra. Sen. Clem. 2, 4, i : v. lnclina- 
 TioN. 2. ratio : he never offend«4 
 any one of the opposite t. and factum, 
 neminem unquam alterius nitiutiis ac 
 partis offpndit, Cic Balb. 26, 58 but to 
 this there is added that diverse t. «/ the 
 speecli, buic autem est ilia dUpar ad- 
 juncta r. orationig, id. de Or. 2. 44. 185. 
 Join: r. atque inclinatio, id. \ err. 5, 
 (")• ''!■ 3. propenaio (very rare): 
 Cic Fill. 4, 17. 47. 4. pnVlivIUta 
 (rare) : in good things tliis may bt 
 t'rmed readiness, in bad things t., baec 
 in bonis rebus facilitas uumiiietur, Id 
 mails p., Cic. Tusc 4, 12. 28. 6. 
 
 libramentum (duwnward t.) : Plin. Ep'. 
 
 4. (0: Plin. Phr.: leir-ttrial oliyct* 
 are borne tonards the earth by their own 
 doiinivard t. and weight, terrena suopte 
 nutu el 6U0 (Mjfidere in terram feruntur, 
 Cic. Tusc. 1, 1 7, 40 : tfiet. awt impulse of 
 men's minds to true glory and honour, 
 cursus atque impetus anlmorum ad 
 veram laudem atque honeslatem, id. 
 ib. 2, 24, 58 : the t. of eloquence it the 
 applause of Oie hearers, effectus eloqiien- 
 tiae est aiidlentium approbatio. Id. ib. 2, 
 
 1, }(N'agil8b.); having rather too strong 
 a t. to pleasure, paullo ad voluplates pro- 
 penslor, id. Off. i, jo, 105: ttiese things 
 seemed tohavenot.to lighten his urongs, 
 quae res nihil ad lerandas injurias per- 
 tinere videbantur, Caes. B. C. 1, 9. 
 
 tender ("•) •• defero, detail, delatum, 
 }; to t. an (KtM, d. ju^urandum, Ijuint. 
 
 5. 6, 6: V. OFFEB. 
 
 tender (subs.) ; |. Expr. by phr. t 
 v.oFFi.K. II, A vessclatteiiding uptina 
 larger otie : no exact word: in Cic. Inv. 
 
 2. >i, I54,scapha is a small boat attached 
 to a merchant vessel : v. ship. 
 
 tender (/"dj.) : 1. tgner, in, gmm 
 (soft, gentle, sensitive) : a tall and t. 
 palm-tree, proccra et t. palnia, Cic 1/eg. 
 
 1, I, 2: the t. roots of leeils, t. radicta 
 arundinum, Caes. B. C. }, 58: the t. sole* 
 of the feet, t. plan tae, Virg. K. lo, 49: 
 applet with t. bloom, t. lanugine mala, 
 id. ib. 2, 51 ; a t.foul, t. guUina. Hor. S. 
 
 2, 4, 20: a t. calf, t. vitulus. Id Od. 4, 2, 
 54: at. boy, t. puer, Prop. 2, 5. 10: ten- 
 derer years, teneriores anni, yulnt. 2, ■» 
 } ; from the lenUerest years, a tenero, id 
 1,2,18 : int. youth, in teiieris, Virg. O. I, 
 272: very t., praetener, Plin. 2;. 1 1, 99. 
 Fig.: virtue is t. ami tractable in 
 
 friendship, virtus est in amicitia t. et 
 tractabilis, Cic Am. i j, 48 : a t. heart, 
 t. cor, Tib. i, i, 64: a t.poet, t. jioeta, 
 Ov. R. Am. 757 ; a t. poem, L poema, 
 Cic. Dlv. I, JI, 6iS : v. amatoBV. [.V.B. — 
 The phr. a t unguiculis, de t. uiigui, 
 usu. trans, "from the tendeiest years." 
 
 j more prob. mean '•entirely, utterly:" 
 cf. Orelli on Hor. Od. j. 6. 24. Alao 
 '• t. jioi^sion " is perh. most nearly expr. 
 by dulcis amor, id. Od. 1,9, i;, since t 
 Amor is always the t. Hod of love. Ov. 
 A. A. I, 7 : Tib. 2, 6, i.] 2. teiielliis 
 (dimin. of preced. rare) : pretty, t.. little 
 t'asiiia.bellat. Casina, Pl.Cas. 1. 20 Stat. 
 3, teliellCilus (dimin. of preced., 
 hence doubly dimin. : very rare) ; a 
 maid tenderer than Uie tendrrest little kid, 
 pueUa t. delicatior haedo, Calul. 17, 15. 
 4. mollis (sift, mild : esp. freq. io 
 poet.) ; t. cheeks, ni. genae. Ov H. 10, 44: 
 t. dotxx. m. colunibae. Hi.r. Od. I, i7. 18: 
 t. age, mollis aeta-s Ov. A. A. I, 10 ; m. 
 anni, id. H. I, m ; at. gaze. ra. vultus. 
 Id. Jt . 1 o, 609. F i g. : <. verses, m. versus, 
 id. Trist. 2, 107 ; a ve>-y t. poem, carmen 
 motlissimnni, Cic Fin. 5, l. ?; hard 
 hearts are conquered by t. entreaties, 
 vlncuntur ni. p/ctora dura prece, lib. j, 
 4, 76: t. laments, m. querelae, Hor. Od. 
 2, 9, 18 V. rATHKTic. Join; m. te- 
 nerque, Cic Brut. 9, }8 . t, ac m., id. 
 Dlv. I. II. 66. CatuL uses the dimin, 
 moIIUuliis (16, 4) and molllcellus (25, 
 10). V. SOFT. 5. dellcitus (ran-) : at. 
 little slie-goat, d. ca[)ella, CaluL 20, 10: 
 t. sheep, d. oves. Plin. Kp. 2, II, extr. 
 Join: d. tenerque, Plin. 19. 8,41,} in. 
 Fig.: a tenderer and softer view nj life, 
 delicatior molliorque viiae ratio. Cic Fin. 
 84S
 
 TENDER, BECOME 
 
 TENT 
 
 TENTH 
 
 5, 5. 12- 6. indulgeiis, ntis (J'ond, 
 kind, disposed to make allotoances) : a 
 state by no means t. tmvards its pri- 
 soners, civitas rairiime in captives i., 
 Liv. 22, 6i, ad init. : the more loving and 
 t. the very name of a mother is, quo ip- 
 suni nomen amanthis indulgentiusqne 
 inaternum, Cic. Clu. ;, I2. 7. pius : 
 V. AFFKCTioNATE. 8. Sometimes expr. 
 Dy dimin. : a t. age, aetatula, Cic. Fin. 
 
 5, 20, 55 : a t.fimver, flosculus. id. Off. 2, 
 12, 4J : at. »Haid«r!, virguncula, Juv. ij, 
 40 : o <. babe, infantulus, App. M. 8. p. 
 207, ad fin. : also by way of endearment : 
 my t. little heart, corculum, I'l. Cas. 4, 
 4, 14 (q. V.) : " t. chickens " (iron.), tur- 
 turillae. Sen. Ep. 96, 5 : the expr. is 
 made more intense by joining a dimin. 
 idj. and subs. : her t. eyes are swollen 
 with weeping, flendo mrgidiili fiunt 
 ocelli, Catul. j, 18 : or by two dimin. : 
 Tullia, our t. Utile darling, TuUiola, 
 deliciolae nostrae, Cic. Att. i, 8. extr. 
 Phr. . to make food t. {I)y cooking), 
 cibum mitigare, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151 : 
 the part is slightly t. tn the touch, tactu 
 locus leviter indolescit, Cels. 8, 9, ad 
 init. : t. looks, oculi fatentes ignem (of 
 lovers), Ov. A. A. I, 5TJ. 
 
 tender, ^ecome : 1. tgneresco, 3 : 
 
 of grapes, Pliii. 17, 22, j;. i 189: Cels. 
 2. tgnerasco, j : Lucr. }, 76}. 3. 
 
 moUesCO, J : V. BECOME .SOFT. 
 
 -hearted : mlsericors : v. PITI- 
 FUL. 
 heartedness : mlsgricordia : 
 
 V. PITY, COMPASSION. 
 
 tenderly : 1. tenure : to recite t., 
 t. recitare, Plin. Ep. 4, 21, I : Tac. 2. 
 indulgenter (L-ind'y. forbearingly) : to 
 treat too t., indulgentius tractare, .Sen. 
 Ben. 4, J2, 1 Cic. Phr.: to gaze t. upon, 
 moUi viillu aspicere, Ov. M. 10, 609. 
 
 tenderness : 1. teneritas : the t. 
 of grapes, t. uvarnm, Plin. 1 5, 24, 29 : 
 tfie t. of age, t. aetatis. Vitr. 4, i, 8. 
 Join: t. et moUities, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58. 
 2. tengriludo: Suet.: Varr. 3. 
 mollitia or molltties, ei (softness: only 
 used fig.) : t. and gentleness of disposi- 
 tion, mollitia animi et lenitas, Cic. Sull. 
 
 6, 18: v. gL'st'RFTiBiuTV. 4, indul- 
 gentia (kindness : esp. such as arises 
 from relationship) : brought up irith her 
 fostering rare and t., in hiijus sinu i.que 
 eduoatus, Tac. Agr. 4 : nhat t. ought ue 
 to sho"' tonards our children! qua nos 
 in liberos iiostros i. esse debemus ! Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 40, 168. 5. pieti's : v. affec- 
 tion. 
 
 tending ; CUltUS, CUltura : T. CULTI- 
 VATION. 
 
 tendon: 1. nervus: Cels. 8, i, 
 
 ad med. 2. t§non, ontis. m. (rei-uji'): 
 Coel. Aur. Acut. j, J : also in med. Latin, 
 tendo, dinis or donis : v. sinew. 
 
 tendril: 1. pampinus (usu. of 
 a vine) : the t,s sprout from, the eyes, 
 ex gemmis p. puUulant, Col. j, 18, 
 4 : to remove the t.s, p. detergere, 
 Plin. fj. 22, J5, l^S■ Of climbing 
 plants: to put forth t.s, p. emittere, id. 
 16, J5, 6 J. Of t.-lil£e filaments: eggs 
 quivering on a curling t.-like filament, 
 ova tortili vibrata pampino, id. 9, 51, 74. 
 2. clavicula: Cic. Sen. i;, 52- 3. 
 viticiila: the t.s of a cucumber, v. cu- 
 cumeris. Pall. 4, 9, 8 : of creeping plants, 
 Plin. 24. 1 1, 58. 4. capreolus (of tlie 
 vine): Plin. 17, 2;, j8, ^ 208: v. vine- 
 leaf. 5. caulis, is, m. ■ Cat. R. K. 
 iJ, 4. 6. artus, iis: Plin. 14, i, ; 
 (al. arcus). 7. custos, odis: Col. 4, 
 21, }. 
 
 tenement : nearest word perb. con- 
 ductiim (that which is rented) : nor shall 
 you enter my t. although you may be the 
 landlord, nee c. meum qiianquam sis 
 domiiius intrabis. Sen. Ben 7. 5. ; : f" 
 rent some t. out of town, extra portam 
 allquid habere conduct! Cic. Clu. 62, 
 175: for the more indef. jsage see pos- 
 session, ABODE. 
 
 tenesmus : tenesmos. i, tn. : Plin. 
 28, 14, 59: in Cels. 4, 18, the Gr. reve- 
 <r/oibs is used. 
 
 tenet; expr. by decretum, which Is 
 Cic.'s trans, of ioyti.a. (decreta quam 
 846 
 
 philosophi vocant Soynaro, Acad. 2, 9, 
 27) : but he aLso uses dogma, iitis, n. as 
 a Lat. word : it is a t. cu^nnum to you 
 and me, mihi tecum est d. oimmune, 
 id. 2. 4J, I J?. Sen. says, quae Graeci 
 vocant dogmata nobis vel "decreta" 
 licet appellare, vel "scita" vel "placita," 
 Ep. 9!, 10: he further distinguishes (Ep. 
 94, 51) decreta (general t.s) from prae- 
 cepta (special rules or maxims). It may 
 be trans, by institutum : let each man 
 defend his opinions : we shall hold our 
 t.s, defendat quod quisque sentit: nos 
 i. tenebimus, Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 7 : or by 
 ratio : the t.s and system of the Stoics, 
 Stoicorum r. disciplinaque, id. Off. 3, 4, 
 
 20 : V. OPINION. 
 
 tenfold : d§cemplex, Tcis : a t. force 
 of the enemy, d. nunierus hostium, Nep. 
 Milt. 5, ; : decemplicatus (ten times re- 
 peated) occurs in Varr. L. L. 6. 5, 62, d. 
 verba : t. their value, decies tanto pluris 
 quam quanti essent, Liv. 59, 44: of the 
 soil, to bring forth t.. efficere, efferre 
 cum decumo, Cic. Verr. j, 47, 112 and 
 II j: at. quantity, deciiplum (stibs.), 
 Hier. 
 
 tennis: no exact word: perh. a t- 
 ball may be expr. by paganica (sc. pila, 
 a ball stuffed with feathers). Mart. 14, 
 45 : hence, a game at t., *paganicae lus- 
 us : to play at t., »paganica ludere : v. 
 ball: a t. player, plUcrepus (?), Sen. 
 Ep. 56, I, where occurs the phr. numer- 
 are pilas (to count the hits f), in some 
 unknown game of ball : also expr. by 
 lusor (player) or colliisor (partner). 
 Sen. Ben. 2, 17, J : a t.-court, sphaeri- 
 sterium, Plin. Kp. 2, 17, 12 : Suet. 
 
 tenon : 1. cardo masculus, Vitr 
 
 9, 8, II (opp. to cardo femiua, mortise). 
 
 2. subscus, eudis, /. (pi. subscu- 
 
 dines, Aug.) : joined by t.s and mortises, 
 
 conipactus subscudibus et securiclis, 
 
 Vitr. 4, 7, 4 : V. DOVETAILED. 
 
 tenor: *vox tertia (Kr.): to have a 
 t. voice, *voce tertia canere (Kr.). 
 
 tenouT : 1. tenor (unbroken 
 
 course) : the t. of life, t. vitae. Ov. H. 17, 
 14: to preserve the t. of the discourse, t. 
 in narrationibus servare. Quint. 10, 7, 
 6 : in an even and unbroken t. of right 
 which was always preferred and never 
 interrupted, uno et perpetuo t. juris 
 semper usurpato nunquam interniisso, 
 Liv j;, 16: it tvas by no means con- 
 venient that the t. of affairs should be 
 inteiTupted in the transaction of which 
 continuity was of itself of the highest 
 importance, interrumpi t. rerum, in 
 quibus peragendis continuatio ipsa effi- 
 cacissima esset, minime convenire, id. 
 41, 15 : esp. as a leg. t. t. : according to 
 the t. of the lex Aquilia, pro tenore legis 
 Aquiliae, Paul. Dig. 9, 2, 56. 2. ex- 
 emplum (purport) ; a letter is brought 
 of the following t., litterae sunt allatae 
 hoc exemplo, Cic. Att. 9, 6 : to write 
 twice in the same t., bis eodem e. scri- 
 bere. id. Fani. 9, 16, init. : v. purport, 
 DiuiT. Phr. : to be drawn into a cer- 
 tain way and t. of living, implicuri aU- 
 quo certo genere cursuque Vivendi, Cic. 
 Off. I, J2, 177. 
 
 tense (,adj.) .- tentus : v. kigib, 
 
 STRETCHED. 
 
 tense (subs.) .- tempus, oris, n. : the 
 past t., praeteritum (sc. t.), Quint. I, 4, 
 29: the present, the future t., t. praest-ns, 
 futurum. Prise. 8ij, 814, P. Ihe past 
 t.s were distinguished as praeteritum 
 imperfectum, praeteritum perfeclum, 
 and plusquamperfectum, id. ib. : to 
 blunder in one's t.s, per tempora pec- 
 care. Quint. I, 5, 47. 
 
 tension: 1. intentio: t. of the 
 boily, i. corporis. Cic. Tusc. i, 10, 20 t. 
 of the nerves, i. nervorum. Col. 6, 6, i : 
 opp. to remissio, Gell. 18, 10, ad fin. 
 2. tensio : t. of the nerves and 
 veins, t. nervorum venarumque, Veg. 
 Vet. I, 21, J. 3. teiisura : id. ib. : 
 qualified by " ut ita dixerim." 4. 
 
 tendor . a t. of tlie throat, t. faucium, 
 App. M. 4, p. 15}: V. straining, dis- 
 tention. 
 
 tent: I. -^ portable lodging of 
 canvass, etc. : 1. tabemaciUuni (a 
 
 more gen. term than tentorium, includ- 
 ing even huts and booths) : a military 
 t., t. militare, Cic. Brut. 9, }"] : the royal 
 t., t. regium, Liv. 24, 40: ts adirmed 
 with woven figures, t. textilibus sigillis 
 adornata, Val. Max. 9, i, ext. 4: t. 
 formed of linen doth, t. carbaseis intenta 
 veils, Cic. Verr. 5, 12, jo: to pitch, a t., 
 t. coUocare, id. ib. : ponere, id. ib. 5, jj, 
 87 : statuere, constituere, Caes. B. C. 1, 8l 
 and 80. to pitch t.s of goat' s-hair cloth, 
 t. metari ciliciis, Plin. 6, 28, j2, 143 : 
 to strike t.s, t. detendere, Caes. B. C. i, 
 85. Fig.: those who have, as it were, 
 pitched their t. for life in philosophy 
 alone, isti qui in una philosophia quasi 
 t. vitiie suae coUocarunt, Cic. de Or. j, 
 20, 77. 2. tentorium : to pitch t.s, t. 
 ponere, Ov. F. j, 527 ; figere, Lucan 1, 
 !g6 : t. vrith snou-nhite cloth, niveis t. 
 veiis, Virg. AeiL 1, 469 Hirt. : adj., of or 
 bdimging to a t., tentorius : t.-skins, t. 
 pelles, Valer. in Trebell. Claud. 14, j. 
 
 3. tentoriSlum (dimin. of preced.) : 
 little t.s being made of garments, ex 
 vestimenlis t. factis, Auct. B. Afr. 47. 
 
 4. contubernium (a common war- 
 <.) ; to see the enemy from one's t.s, e c. 
 hostem aspicere, I'ac. A. i, 17, extr.: 
 Caes. B. C. }, 76. 5. praetorium (the 
 general's t. ) : to pitch the general's t.. p. 
 tendere, Caes. B. C. 3. 82. 6. regia (the 
 king's t.) : Curt, g, 5, jo: Liv. 7. pellis, 
 is,/, (prop, a skin : hardly used except 
 in the phr. sub pellibus) : to pass the 
 nnnter in t.s, sub p. hiemare, Caes. B. G. 
 J, 1 5, ad fin. 8. papilio (a pavilion : 
 named from the butterfly) : in open t.s, 
 apertis p., Lampr. Alex. Sev. 51, 5. 
 Phr: to pitch a t., tendere (sc. tabema- 
 culum): here Achilles used to pitch his t., 
 hie tendebat Achilles. Virg. Aen. 2, 29 : 
 Caes. : a child brought up in the t.s and 
 companionship of the legions, infans in 
 contubernio legionum educatus, Tac. A. 
 I, 41 : a t. -companion, contiibernalis, 
 Cic. Ligar. 7, 21 : a t.-maker, tabemacu- 
 larius, Inscr. Grut. : the art of t.-mak- 
 ing, seenofactoria ars. Vulg. Act. xviii. j : 
 dwellers in t.s, Scenltae (geogr. t. t.), 
 Plm. 6, 28, 32, j 151. II. A roll of lint 
 
 for a sore : 1. collyrium : Ce\>. ;, 28, 
 12, pass. ; Plin. 2. collyrioluui {dimin. 
 of preced.); Ps. Maeer 314 (No. 12), ed. 
 Choulant. 3. penficillum or peiie- 
 cillus: Cels. 2, 10, ad fin. : Plin. 4. 
 turutida : Cato R. R. 1 57, 14. 
 
 tentacle : 1. comiciilum (a little 
 horn: hence a long filament) : others, 
 as for instance butterflies, have t.s before 
 titeir eyes, aliis c. ante oeiilos praeten- 
 duntiir ut papilionibus, Plin. 11, 28, 34. 
 
 2. brachium (an arm : applied to 
 the t.s of polypi, etc.) : Plin. 9, 29. 46. 
 
 3. criiiis, is, m. or/, (in pi. only, of 
 the polypus) : Plin. 9, 29, 46. 4. cir- 
 rus (in pi. like preced.) : Plin. 26, 8, 37 ; 
 9, 28, 44 : V. feeler. 5. fiS^gellnm 
 (prop, o whip) : to put out the t.s, f. 
 dimittere, Ov. M. 4, 367. 6. barba : 
 Trebius in Plin. 9, ?o, 48, ad fin. 7. 
 in M Lat. *antei]na (a sail-yard), *teD- 
 taciilum. 
 
 tentative : } expr. by a phr. with 
 
 tentatively : 5 fxperlor or ten to: V. 
 TRY. attempt: friendship outruns judg- 
 ment and deprives us of the power of 
 proceeding t.ly, amieitia praecurrit judi- 
 cium, toilitque experiendi potestatem, 
 Cic. Am. 17, 62. 
 
 tented: tlie t. field, * campus ten- 
 toriis constrains: cf. Liv. 35, 49. 
 
 tenter-hook : no exact word : expr. 
 by hamus : v. hook : tentipellium is a 
 leather-stretcher, see Fest. s. v. 
 
 tenth: decimus or decumus; the t. 
 legion, d. legio. Caes. B. G. 4, 25 : the t. 
 m/mth, d. mensis, PI. Am. I, 2, 19: the 
 t. vaie, (supposed to be larger than the 
 rest), d. unda, Ov. M. 11, 530 (fluctus 
 dccuinanus, Fest.): for the t. time, deci- 
 mum. Liv. 6. 42 : of or belonging to the 
 t , decimanus or decumanus: men of 
 the t. legion, decimani, Tac. H. 5, 20: 
 to put every t. mun to death, decimare : 
 v. DECIMATE. Phr.: the rest were 
 punished by choosing every t. man by 
 lot for punishment, cetera multitudo
 
 TENUITY 
 
 TERN 
 
 TERROR 
 
 sorte decimus quisque ad supplicium 
 lecti, Liv. 2, 59, extr. 
 
 tenuity: rarUas: V. THrNNKSs. 
 
 tenure : no i-xnct word : Cic. speak- 
 ing of certain land-owners in Sicily says 
 vetustate possessionis se, non jure, inis- 
 ericordia senatus, noa agri cir}iili'.i<'>f 
 defendiint, Agr. 2, 2i, 57 perli. 'pcissi- 
 dendi coiidiiio {"numner of possestiim,' 
 Blacksloiie). 
 
 tepid: 1. tgpMus (not in Cic): 
 
 (. vapour, t. vapor, Lucr. 2, 8;8 : t. millc. 
 t. lac, Ov. M. 7, 247: the t. suns-liine. 
 t. sol, Hor. Ep. I, 20, 19 : adj., of nr hr- 
 Umging to that which is t., tSpIdarius : 
 a brazen ressd for t. water, alictmin t., 
 Vitr. 5, 10, I : a t. bath, tcpid.iriinn 
 (subs.). Crl.s. I, J, ad init. 2. iC'P''ii>. 
 ntis (prop, a part.: poet.), t. aiif, t. 
 aurae, Virg. G. 2, jjo: t. tear.':, t. la- 
 crimae, I'll). 2, 5, 77, 3. Cgi'-lidus 
 (prop, tmth Vie chill off: p»«'i.). t. 
 spring, t. ver. Col. 10, 282 (p'let.) : I. 
 mildness, e. tepores, Catiil. 46, I : v. 
 
 LUKEWARM. 
 
 be ; tfipeo, 2 : is there any place 
 
 where the winters are more t. ? est ui)i 
 plus tepeant Uiemes.' Hor. Kp. i, 10, 15. 
 
 become : t^pesco, j : to become 
 
 t. in the sunshine, sole t, Ov. M. }, 412 ■ 
 the seas when agitated by the winds 
 grow t., maria ventis agitata t., Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 10, 26. 
 
 make : tSpfifaclo, feci, factum, 
 
 J (second e long in Catul. 64, }6l) : the 
 sun makes the ground t., sol t. solum, 
 Cic. N. 1). 2, i;, 40: to mate his sword 
 t. in the throat of his mother, ferrum t. 
 matris In jiigulo, Hor. S. 2, }, i}i> 
 Virg. 
 
 tepidity : tSpor : a moderate t., mo- 
 dicus t., Cic. Sen. 15, 5}: the t. of the 
 sun, t. soils, IjIv. 41, 2. 
 
 tepidly : tepide : PUn. Ep. 5, 2, 25 
 Col. 
 
 terebinth ; t^rgbinthus, i, /. ; the t. 
 of (rricum, Oricia t., Virg. Aen. lo, i}6 : 
 Plin. : * Pistacia t., Linn. 
 
 teredo : teredo (the borer) : Plin. l6, 
 41, 80 : * t. navalis, Linn. 
 
 tergiversate : tergiversor, i {to turn 
 one's back) : when death is near he l.s, 
 trembles, tieeps, cum mors propo accessit, 
 tergiversatur, tremit, plorat. Sen. Ep. 
 77, 1 1 : am I to delay and t. ," an cuncter 
 et tergiverser ? Cic. Att. 7, 12. ad vied. ; 
 
 V. SHDFFI.K, DRAW BACK. 
 
 tergiversation : tergtversatio : / 
 
 approve of that t., t. istam protx), Cic. Att 
 10, "J, init. : ichal then it'os the reas'/n? 
 delays and t., quid ergo erat ? morae et 
 tergiversatioues, id. Mil. 20, 54 (Halm) : 
 
 V. SHUFFLING, SDBTEKFUGF.. 
 
 teno. (subs.) : I. Limit: termin- 
 us : there is no fixed t. for old age, 
 senectutis nuUus est certus t., Cic. Sen. 
 20, 72: the t. of life, vitae termini, id. 
 Rab. Perd. 10, 29 : v. bound, limit. 
 
 II, A stated period of time: \, 
 spatium (a length of time): a t. of 
 about }o days, dieruni fere triginta s., 
 Cic. Verr. 2, '9, 96 : a set and appointed 
 t., comparutum it coii.siitiituni s., id 
 Rab. Perd. 2. 6. to huld for a lonu t., 
 longo s. tenere, id. Off. 2," 2j, 81 : Hor. : 
 •'. PFUioD. 2. dies, ei (au upjiointed 
 time : most freq./. in tins sense) : the t. 
 of the truce had expired, d. Induciaruni 
 exierat, Liv. 4, ;o, ad I'm. : a fixed t., 
 expr. by d. stata. id 27. 2?, eztr. ; prae- 
 stituta.Cic. Tusc. i, ?9, 9?: I .fix a toler- 
 ably long t., d. staiuo satis laxani, id. 
 Att. 6, I, 16 (lor payment): v. timk. 
 
 3. *lemiinus in M. L. it is usid 
 for a law or university t. : Faster t., t. 
 Paschalis. |||. A nin-d, expre!:sion : 
 
 1. vcrbum in set t.s, verbis con- 
 ceptis, Cic. Clu. 48, I J4 v. word. 2. 
 terminus: used as a t. t. In arithmetic, 
 Boetb. Inst. Arithin. 2, 47, et }/ass. : by 
 writers on logic to denote the subject or 
 predicate of a proposition. I'hr. : the 
 decree of the senate is couched in such 
 t.s that..., senatus consultum ea pei- 
 scriptione est ut..., Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 4. 
 
 IV. In the pi., ronditintis: 1, 
 conditio : the fairness of the t s, aequitas 
 condltionum, Caes. B. 6. i, 40. ad init. : 
 
 when peace was made on those t.s, quiim 
 In eas c. pax conveniret. Liv. 29. 12, ad 
 fin. : the t.s urre not acceded to, c. non 
 cunveneninl, Nep. Han. 6, 2: "n ami 
 tJ, uUa condiiioiic, Cic. Fin. 5, 20. ;;. 
 2. lex, legi-s ./'. : to debate about 
 the t.s (of SUIT, nder), disccptare de legi- 
 bus, Liv. 26, 17 : ""e are born on these 
 
 t.s, ea lege ea conditione, nali gumus, 
 
 ut..., Cic. Fam. 5. 16, 2. Phr. : to 
 come to t.s, coniparare Inter se. Liv. 24, 
 10 V. AGRF.F. : if they could come to tj, 
 si posset inter eos aliquid convenire, Cic. 
 \jeg. I, 20, ;i: I will not drink on ami 
 other t.s. non alia bibain mercede, Hor. 
 Od. I, 27, li. V. 1" crtiiin phrr., 
 relatum of .friendship or ejunilii : expr. 
 by varl..us pbrr. : / am on go(Ml t.s vith 
 him, mihi cum iUo magna gratia est, 
 Cic. Fam. 1.9, 20: if the Homans nish 
 to be on giHHi t.s witli them, si suam 
 graliam Roniaiii velint, Caes. B. G. 4. 7 : 
 relatires on good t.s leilh one another, 
 bene convenienles propliiqui, Cic. Off. I, 
 17, 58 to be on bad t.s vith his sister, 
 esse In simultate cum sorore, Nep. Att. 
 17, I : on what terms is Maecenas vith 
 youf Mai-cenas quomodo tecum ? Hor. 
 
 S. .,9, 4!- 
 
 term (i'-) ■■ nuncupo, i : v. call, 
 
 NAMK. 
 
 termagant: P'^rh. best expr. by 
 several words : *muliiT Iitium et rixae 
 cupida (Kr.): Gell. I. 17, calls .Xan- 
 thippe morosa, jurgiosa, acerl>a v. 
 
 SC'Ol.I), VIXKN. 
 
 terminal : I. Forming a bound- 
 an/ : terniinalis : a t. stone, t. lapis, 
 Ainni. 18, 2, i;. II. ferformed at 
 the expiration of certain periods : expr. 
 by a phr. : money due in t. payments : 
 •pecunia certis, stalls, diebus nunier- 
 anda. 
 
 terminate: I. Trans.: ter- 
 
 mino, 1 (to set hounds to) : to t. a sen- 
 fexce, t. sentpntiam,Cic.Or. 59, 199: Oig. : 
 usu. expr. by fiiiio, 4: v. hnu, closk. 
 P h r. : to t. a friendship abruptly : aini- 
 citlam opprimere, Cic. Am. 21, "8. 
 II. Intrans. : usu. expr. by a jjo.':.'!. 
 verb, or a phr. : my command for the 
 year having t.d, imperio annuo ter- 
 niinato, Cic. Fam. I, 12, 4: sentences t. 
 vith verbs, sententiae verbis finiuntur, 
 id. de Or. J, 49, 191 vor did the matter 
 t. the next day, nee postero die res tinem 
 iiivenil, Liv. 26, 17 : ▼. end. ceask. 
 In speaking of words or sentences the 
 foil, rliet. t. t. are used : 1. cado, ce- 
 cidi, casum, ? : words t. better in Umger 
 syllables, verba melius in syllabas long- 
 lores cadunt, Cic. Or. 57, 194 : a sjieech 
 t.ing suitalAy, aptc cadens oratio, IJuiiit. 
 9, 4, J2 : to t. in the same injieximis. 
 similiter c. Cic. deOr. ?, 54, 2o6(whcrc- 
 as similiter desinere is merely lo t. in 
 the same letters). 2. excMo, cidi, ; : 
 to t. in short syllaliles. in breves e., 
 Quint. 9. 4, 106. 3. Inniior, nixus or 
 nisus, J : our syllatiUs t. harshlij in 
 H nr I>, syllabae' nostiae In B literam 
 et I) innituntnr aspere, Quint. 12, 10, 
 
 termination: 1. <""''*. '»• »» ••• 
 
 V. ENU, coNCLU.sioN. 2. exltus, us: 
 cases that are alike in their t , casus in 
 exitu Mniiles, Cic. Or. 49. 164. 3. 
 clausula (close) : let us come to the t. (of 
 the letter), veniainus ad c. Cic. Phil, i ?, 
 21, 47 : to make a yomi t.. bonani c. im- 
 ponere (vitae). Sen. Ep. 77. iitr. : so of 
 the t. of a clause, Cic. Or. 64, 216. 4, 
 niissio"(c<'S):a<iO)i): before the t. of the 
 games, ante ludorum nilssionem, Cic. 
 Vam. 5, 12, 8. 5. posltlo (as giam. 
 t.t. only): "lepus" and "lupus" lave 
 the same t., lepus el lupus slniilia p>si- 
 tione. Quint, i, 6, 12. 
 
 terminology ; expr. by v,n:«ijiiia 
 
 artis. v, technical- a neu t.. noviias 
 uominum, Cic. Fin. }, 1. 5 : not so much 
 a discoverer of facts as the ini-entor oj 
 a neir t.. non tarn rerum Inventor quam 
 novorum verborum. id. ib }, 2, 5 : cf. 
 I'usc. ;. If, }2CK""'l ■^•)' dialecticians 
 employ their oicn t.. dialectici «lis verbis 
 utuiitur, id. Acad. I, 7. 25. 
 tern: * sterna: v. gull. 
 
 last. 
 
 ternary : t'-manus: Boeth. 
 
 Arithm. i, 11, et past.: CoL 
 
 terrace : no precise equlv. : the 
 nearest are: 1. agger, frls, m. (a 
 tieap or mound of earlli) : to vcdk on a 
 sunny t., aggere In aprico sfialiari. Hor. 
 S. I, 8, 15 (said of lb.- tinbankmcnt con- 
 necting the Esquilin.' and Collallne 
 hills). 2. solarium (pr.ip. a part of 
 the house ex)xited to ttir lun : a flat 
 house-top, balcony, or t.): PI. Mil 2,4, 
 2? : .Suei. Ner. 16. 3. subdialia, n. 
 jil. (viraiOpia: open yaV'rin 01 It): 
 Plin. j6, 25, 62. Phr , a gaidev t. tup- 
 ported on arches, p<-n>llis aiiibulatlu. Id. 
 j6, 12, 18. 
 
 terraqueous : ""•» '• .fl'o**. globn* 
 terrae eniliH'ns e mari.Cic. I'nsc. i. 28. 68. 
 [N.B — Avoid tbe combination itrra el 
 a(|ua, which Is not I.at. in the sense of 
 sea and land.] 
 
 terrene: 1 I. I'erlaining to 
 
 terrestrial : < "" «"rtA ; 1. ler- 
 reslri> (nrrester, as an aiij. of three 
 term, only In Flor.) celestial and t. 
 things, ri« caelestes at'iue terrestres, 
 Cic. N. I>. 2. JO, 75: the t. abode of 
 Jupiter. Jovis domti ilium t., Id. Verr. 
 4, ;8, 129. 2. terrenus : t. bodies, L 
 corpora, Cir. Tusc. i, 20, 47 at. (1. e. 
 mortal) horseman, t. eques, Hor. Od. 4, 
 II. 27. 3. expr. by bumanus (be- 
 longing to mrn) : ever cimtemplate tliete 
 celestial ohj'Cts. despise those t. ones, 
 haec caeleslia semper sp.ctato, ilia 
 hiimana contemnito, Cic. Rep. 6. 19: v. 
 human. II. JielatiVfi to this life only : 
 v.EAKTHLV : it may alro be appropriately 
 expr. by humanus : t. things are frad 
 and fleeting. I e^ humanae fragiles cadn- 
 caeque sunt, Cic. Am. 27, 102 : so, mor- 
 tale et caducum is opp to divinum ae 
 ternumqiie, id. Leg. i, 2}, 61 : cf. Rep. 
 6, 17. 
 
 terrible; terrii>iiis: v. feakfcl, 
 
 FRKiHTHI., DREADFUL. IIORKIBLE. 
 
 terribly : forniidoIo>e : borrendum 
 in nio'liim : v. fearfui.lv. etc. 
 terrier: *canis terrarius, Linn, 
 terrific: terrificus (in poet.) for- 
 
 miduloSUS : V. TKHRIBLE. 
 
 terrify : leireo, 2 : perterreo, 2 : v. 
 
 FKIGIITKN, S<AI!K. 
 
 territorial : best expr. by a pbr. : 
 he acquired t. rights over all that lay 
 beti'cen the Apennines ami the Alp$, 
 quod inter Alpes Apenninumque agri 
 sit, suae ditionis fecisse, Liv. 21, 5 ? ; the 
 adj. terrltorialis occurs in Front, : agra- 
 rius may be sometimes employed, but 
 only as'skt.t. of Roman law. 
 
 territory: 1. "g^r. g" (a dis- 
 trict) : the t. of I'icenum. a. Picenus. 
 Caes. B. C. 1,15: the Roman t.s, a. 
 Romani. Liv. 5, ji. There is often an 
 ellipsis of ager : thus, t» the t. of I'ice- 
 num ^in Piceno, Caes. B. C. i, 15. 2. 
 fines, pi. m. (Innindaries . hence t.): 
 the t. of tlie Ireviri, f. Trevirorum, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 29: to enlarge the ta, f. 
 propagare. Cic. It' p. }, ij. 3. terrl- 
 torium (the t. nnmd a touii) : the t. of 
 a flourishing colonij, t. florenlis colonial-, 
 Cic. Phil. 2,40. 102: i'ig. 4. tractu.s, 
 us (a di.-trict) Uie t. of Xenafrum, t. 
 Venafranus, Cic. Plane, q. 2i Caes. 
 5. regio: in the t. of I'edum, In 
 reglon'e I'edana, Hor. Ep. 1.4,2: Cae>. 
 Fig.: Cic. de Or. 2. 2. 5 : v Si-HEIIF, 
 I'KoviNCE. 6. terra (in a wider sense 
 land, countri/) : the I. of (iaul. t. Galllae. 
 Caes. B. G. i, jo: to seek after other iJ, 
 alias t. p.lere. id. 7, 77, ad ./in. 7. 
 expr. by the name of the nation, in the 
 pi. : in the t. if the \Usci, in Volsci-. 
 Liv. 2. !4 : Caes. 
 
 terror: I. '■'■«" f"^''; 
 
 terror (..sp. fear accimpanied tty paU- 
 ness and trembling): to be a t. to the 
 foe, hostibus lerrorl es.se, L\v. 26, 2: to 
 strike t.. t. iiyicere. Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 
 4?; Inferre, Id. Fam. 1;. H, 2; praebere, 
 Liv. 26. ;; afferre, id. 26, 9. 2. pa- 
 vor (overpoirering, bevihlering f right ) : 
 t. seized all, terror p.qu.- omnes occU' 
 pavit, Liv. 24. 40. ad med. (the ting, verb 
 is used l)ecause the two nouns express a 
 singU notion) : to ttrike t., y> inculerft 
 847
 
 TERSE 
 
 TETRASTICH 
 
 THAN 
 
 Id. 1"], 41 : Injicere, id. 26. 4 : v. pakic. 
 
 3, formido, inis (a huting t.) : in 
 order that t. might be. more ividely 
 spread, quo latius f. cresceret, Sail. J. 
 55: to strike t., f. injicere, Cic. Verr. ^, 
 28,68; inferre, Tac. H. 2, 5; intendere, 
 id. ib. 2, 54; facere, id. ib. j, to. [N.B. 
 — For otber expr. v. fear, fright: 
 Bonietimes even metus may be used : 
 a sudden t., repentinus m.. Sail. J. 58; 
 exanimatio is def. by Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19 
 (q. V.) to be "meius subsequeus et quasi 
 comes pavoris" : trepidatio is alarm.] 
 
 II, An object of dread: 1. ter- 
 ror: the two t.s of this city, duo terrores 
 hujus urbis, Cic. Rep. i, 47. 2. ter- 
 riculum (that vMck affrights: terricula, 
 ae, occurs in Sen. Fragra.) : moved by no 
 threats, by vo t.s, tiuilis minis, nullis t. 
 mutns, Liv. J4, 11 Qterriculamenta oc- 
 curs in Ai>p. Apol. jiy]. 3. formido: 
 V. s(.'Ai:iXE!Ow, B0GSEAR. 4. mStus, 
 iis (only poet, and rare): Stat. Th. 12, 
 606. 
 
 terse : 1. pressus (fi-ee from sti- 
 perJUwus ornanunt) : less t. than the 
 dignity of history demands, minus p. 
 quam historiae auctoritas postulat, 
 Quint 10, I, 102: forcihU and t. in 
 style, verbis aptus el p., Cir. dc Or. 2, i j, 
 56. 2. tersus (pure, mat): t. and 
 polished, t. ac limatus, Quint. 12, 10, 50 : 
 so of Horace, 10, 1,94: Plin. 3, as- 
 trictus (compressed : opp. to remissus) : 
 cwia'se and t. eloquence, conlracta et a. 
 eloquentia, Cic. IJrut. 90, ^09. 4. 
 
 strictus: Quint. 12, 10, 52: so too con- 
 
 StrlCtUS, V. CONCISE, COMPRESSKD. 5. 
 
 densus: t. and brief, d. et brevis. Quint, 
 lo, I, 7J : V. BRIEF. 6. angustus 
 
 (simple, short): Cic. Or. s6, 187 (a. at- 
 que concisus, opp. to coUatatus (?) ac 
 diffusus). P h r. : to be t., plura paucis 
 complecti, Quint. 8, j, 82. 
 
 tersely : oft. expr. by two advs. : 
 presse et anguste, Cic. Or. 3 i, 1 17 : pres- 
 sius et astrictius, Plin. Ep. }, 18, ad Jin. : 
 also circumcise, Quint. 8, }, 81 : v. con- 
 cisely. 
 
 terseness ; perh. Integra brevitas, 
 Quint. 8, }, 82 : or simply brevitas, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 80, J 26 (cf. distincte concisa 
 brevitas, id. de Or. j, 5 ?, 202). 
 
 tertian: tertiaiiafebrls,Cic. N. D.}, 
 10, 24: or simply tertiana, Cels. }, 5. 
 
 tessellated: tesseliatus: Suet.: v. 
 
 MOSAIC. 
 
 test (subs.): 1. obrussa (assay, 
 trial of metah) : Plin. j j. j, 19. K i g. : 
 to emihiy re/uon as a t.,adliibOTe raiicn- 
 em t;\nquam o., Cic. Brut. 74, 258: to 
 bring all arguments to the t., omnia 
 argumenta ad o. exigere, Sen. N. Q. 4, 5, 
 I. 2. experinientum : Jire is the t. 
 of gold., auri e. ignis est, Plin. jj, j, 19. 
 Fig.: it is the clearest t, uhen it is 
 plain that grief is removed by length 
 of time, maximum est e. quura c()n>tct 
 aegritudlnem vetustate toUi, Cic. I'lisc. 
 
 3, }0. 74 ■ V. PROOF, TRIAL, KXPERIMKNT. 
 
 8. coticula: v. touchstoxf.. 
 test ("•)■• 1. sppcto, I ; he who is 
 not moved by money they consider as 
 t'd in the fire, qui pecunia non niove- 
 tur bniic igiii spectatum arbitrantur, 
 Cic. Off. 2, II, }8: V. also trv, prove, 
 EXAMINE, under wliicb also (he foil, 
 verbs may be found. 2. tonto, I ; to 
 t. his skill as an augur, scientiam ejus 
 auguratus teiitare, Cic. Div. 1, 17, J2. 
 3. expferior, pertus, 4 (to t. by ex- 
 perience : sometimes lo t. by Ian; go to 
 laiv): lo t. friends, ann'cos e., Cic. Am. 
 22, 84. 4. periclitor, i ; lo t. our 
 friends' character, amicoruni mores p., 
 Cic. Am. 17, 6j. 5. explore, i : 10 t. 
 the king's disfyosition, aniuium regis e., 
 Uv. J7, 7 : Ov. 
 
 testaceous ; tpstaceus : all t: crea- 
 tines, t. omnia, Plin. j,, 2, 20. 
 
 testament; j. ^ will: testa- 
 mcntum: v. will. ||, One of the 
 two parts of the Hible: testanienlum 
 (velus, novum), Keel. Also expr. by 
 foedus. Oris, v. covkrant. 
 
 testamentary: testitmentariu^: a 
 t. law, t. iex, Cic. Verr. i, 42, 108. Or 
 expr, by phr. witb prcced. i a t. disposi- 
 848 
 
 tion, tabulae testimonii, Gai. 2, 104 
 ( = ivill) : expr. also by scriptiira, Cic. 
 Inv. 2, 40, 117. 
 
 testator: testator. Just. Inst. 2, 10, 
 J: Suet.: Dig.: or, is qui testamentum 
 facil. Cic. Verr. 2, 18, 46 (R. and A.). 
 
 testatrix: testatri.x, Cels. Dig. }i, 
 1, JO. 
 
 tester : perh. conopeum (conopium), 
 prop, a mosquito-tent: but we tind in 
 Juv. 6, 80, testudineum c, which was 
 prob. a bed-t. inlaid ivith tortoise-shell. 
 
 testicle : testis, Hor. : Cic. : testi- 
 culus, Juv. • Cic; polimen. Am.: poli- 
 mentum, PI. 
 
 testi^: 1. testificor, I (constr. 
 with ucc., ace. and inf. or relat. clause ; 
 also with dep. pass. part. : Cic. : Ov.) : 
 your client t.s that he appeared, testi- 
 ficatur Jste se stetisse, Cic. Quint. 6, 25 : 
 to t. 07ie's love, t. amorem, id. Fam. 2, 4, 
 extr.: to t. its ancient vealth, t. anti- 
 quas opes, Ov. F. 2, 302: v. witness, 
 .show, evidence. 2. testor, i (constr. 
 like preced.) : thou mayest t., testere 
 licet, Ov. Pont. 4, 15, 11 : / loudly assert 
 and t., clamo atque testor, Cic. Mur. ^7, 
 
 78 : V. ATTEST. 
 
 testi&ing: 1. testtf icatlo : cic. 
 
 Mur. 24, 49 : V. WITNESSING, EVIDENCE. 
 
 2. testatio : Quint. 5, 7, J2 : Dig. 
 3. expr. by phr.: as, testimonii 
 dietio, Ter. Ph. 2, i, 6f. 
 testily; stOmachose: v. peevish ly, 
 
 IRRITABLY. 
 
 testimonial: p^ih- b<"st •'xpr. by 
 
 probatoria (a certificate if qualifica- 
 tion: sc. epistola), Cod. Justin. 12, 58, 2 : 
 or testimoniales (se. literae). Cod. Theod. 
 7, 2C, 12. (The phr. literae commen- 
 daticiae denotes letters of recommenda- 
 tion.) Laudatio is a favourable testi- 
 mony to one's character in a court if 
 justice : Cic. Flac. 15, j6 : v. certifi- 
 cate. 
 
 testimony : testimonium : false t.s, 
 falsa t., Quint 5. 7, 4 : to give an irre- 
 fragable and weighty t., Crmum ac grave 
 t. dare, Cic. Rose. Com. 6, 17 : to bear t., 
 t. dicere, id. Rose. Am. }6, 102, et pass. 
 (in, contra, against: de, about): t. trl- 
 buere, id. Phil. ;, 19, 52; impertire, id. 
 Fam. 5, 12, 7 ; perhibere, Varr. R. R. 2, 
 5, I : to disparage t., elevare t.. Quint. 
 5, 7, 5 : the poets are t., testimonio .sunt 
 poetae, id. i, 10, 10: v. evidence, wit- 
 ness (contestatio is a legal pmving by 
 witness. Dig.). 
 
 testy : perh. best expr. by two adjs. : 
 the nearest single ctjuiv. is stomaihosus : 
 
 v. J'EKVISH, ILL-TEMPKRKD, ANCKY: SO 
 
 old men art "iracundi, difticiles," Cic. 
 Sen. «8, 95: "difliciles, queruli," Hor. 
 A. P. 1 7 J : and tlie catalogue of the 
 various kinds of anger. Sen. Ira 1, 4, i. 
 closes with difiicili!>, asper (cf. for tlie 
 union of tlle^e two, lib. 1, 9, 20) : other 
 niore gen. expr. may be sought under 
 
 ANGRV, lURlTABLK, IRASOlliLK. 
 
 tetanus: tetanus, I'lin. 2;, I, 24, ad 
 fin. 
 
 tether (subs.) : retinacnium (u^u. in 
 pi.): Id fasten the t. of the muh- lo a 
 slime, retinacula mulae >a\o religare, 
 Hor .S. 1,5, 18: or vinci'ihnii: the Jlight 
 of the bfusls of burden us Ihiy break 
 their t.s, fuga abrumpentiuin \iiicula 
 jumeiitoruni, I,iv. j6, 6; fortbe fig. and 
 prov, •,en>c see limit. 
 
 tether ("•)•• v. preced. art. and cf. 
 "ad >tipitcs ita religare ut exiguum 
 laxamciiti liabeaiit," Col. 6, 2, 4. 
 
 tetrachord; tetriichordon, i: Viir. 
 5. 4. 1- 
 
 tetragon : letragonum, Aus. : tetra- 
 goiius, Ps. ISoeih. Ars Gconi. p. 415 
 (ed. Kriedloin) : v. syiiARK. 
 
 tetragonal: tOtiusonalis, Ps. Uoeili. 
 Arstnimi. p. 412: tetragoiiicu.s. id. 411. 
 
 tetrameter: teuamelro>, qui l.at- 
 ine qiiadiatus vocatur. Censorin. Kiagm. 
 14. tctrametrus, tiramm. 
 
 tetrarch : lOtrarcbes, ae, Caes. B. C. 
 i. i : Cic. 
 
 tetrarchy: tetrarchia, Cic. Deiot. 
 
 15.42- 
 
 tetrastich: lelrastichon, 1: Mart. 
 7, 85, I : Quiut 
 
 tetrastyle: tetrastyion, i- Capitol 
 Grord. 31. 2 (in Vitr. as adj.). 
 
 tetter: the gen. term is Impgtigo, 
 inis,^. {an eruption, scat), of whicli four 
 kinds are distinguished, CVls. 5, 28, 17 : 
 v. eruption . more precisely, mentagra, 
 lichen, enis (Aeij^Jji/) : Plin. 26, 1,2 says, 
 lichenas appelluvere Graeco nomine, 
 Latine, quoniam a raeuto (chin) fere 
 oriebatur mentagra : it is also termed 
 vitiligo, inis,/. : Cels. 5, 28, 19. 
 
 Teutons: I'eutoni, Cic. ManiL 20,60 
 (Teutdnes, Veil.). Adj., TeutSnIcus, 
 Veil. 2, 120, I : Prop. 
 
 text : |. Words of a wiiter : best 
 expr. by oratio. verba scriptoris : the t. 
 of Yarro, verba Varronis, Gell. 10, 1 : 
 the t., oratio contexta, Diomed. 446, 24, 
 P. : that the t. of Cicero may be reviled 
 after the Codex Falatinus. *ut oratio 
 Ciceronis exigaturad codicem Palatinum 
 (Madvig.) : sometimes scriptum may be 
 used : the t. (of the will) means tivo or 
 more things, duas pluresve res signi- 
 ticat scriptum, Cic. inv. 2, 40, u6, or 
 scriptura : v. writing : lectio is also 
 lound in late writers, Amm. jo, 4, 18: 
 Macr. Modern expr. are: — (1.; *con- 
 textus, lis : to mark what is uncertain 
 in the t. by italics, * in ipso contextu 
 quae incerta sunt currentibus lilteris 
 distingiiere : scrupulou^sness in dealing 
 iiith the t., *in tractaiido contextu re- 
 ligio. (2.) *textus, lis : the t. after my 
 revision, *t, ex recensione nostra (Ern- 
 esti) : the t. of the Bible, *t. sacer: tlie 
 present condition of the Hel/rew f.,* sta- 
 tus hodiernus textus Hebraici. (3.) 
 *e.\emplum, annotations v}hich we har* 
 added after the Greek t., "animadver- 
 siones quas post Graecum e. cxbibemus 
 (Wyttenb. in Kr.). [N.B. — I'be two 
 latter expr. are best avoided.] ||. A 
 passage of Scripture : * locus sjwrae 
 Scripturae: v. passage: perh. sententia, 
 Aug. Conf. 8, 12: to preach from a t., 
 * de argumento proposito coram coetu 
 Christiano dicere (Kr.). 
 
 textile : 1. textilis : Cic. : Virg. : 
 V. WOVEN. 2. textrinus (pertaining 
 to weaving) : t. art, ars t., Firm, de 
 Error, prof, relig. i6, i. 
 
 textual : expr. by a phr. : v. text. 
 
 texture: 1. textum (that which 
 is woven or plaited) : the hollow t. of the 
 vessel, cava t. carinae, Ov. M. ii, 524; 
 V. FABRIC, stkuctcre. Fig. : o thin t. 
 of maton-y, dicendi t. tenue. Quint 9, 4, 
 17. 2. textus, lis: of thin t., rarus 
 textu, Plin. 9, 57, 61 : Lucr. 3. tex- 
 tura (poet) : Prop. 4, 5, 2} : PI. 
 
 than : 1. quaui (for the constr. of 
 the clauses wbicli it unites, see l^at. Gr. 
 {} J46, J47, and obs. jjo) : yoa accuse 
 him, a better man t. you, accusas eum 
 meliorem q. tu, Cic. Lig. 4, 10 : he had 
 slain more of their men t. thtie were 
 survivors, plures eorum q. quot super- 
 essent occidisset, Liv. }$, !2, ad Jin. : 
 with more willingness t, truth, libentius 
 q. verius, Cic. Mil. 29, 78. Abo witu 
 the cinnp. omitted. I was advocating 
 peace rather t. war, pacem (sc. magis) 
 q. IxUiim probabam, lac. A. i. 58. 2. 
 at<|iie, ac (poet. : the latter form Usu 
 only before consonant?) : your belly irill 
 not hold more t. vane, non tuns capiet 
 venter plus ac mens, Hor. S. i, 1,46: the 
 oracle of Apollo is not more true t. this, 
 non ApoUinis magis verum atque hoc re 
 sponsum est, Ter. Andr. 4, 2, i;. 3. 
 expr. by the u6i.case without quam: this 
 constr. is usu. found only after comp. 
 adjs. in the nom. or ace. case, see I jt. 
 Gr. ^ J 19: silver is commoner t. gold, 
 villus argentum est auro, Hor. Kp. 1, 1, 
 52. / need bread notv more desirable t. 
 honied cakes, pane egeo mellitis jam 
 putiore placentis, id. ib. I, 10, 11 : he 
 came quicicer t. was expected, opinione 
 celerius veiiit.Caes. B.G. 2, i (i.e. qiuim 
 opinio erat. Lat Gr. {1 519. <'bs. 4) : alius 
 is also joined with an abl. . nor think 
 any other t. a wise aTid gooil man to be 
 happy, neve pules alium sapiente bono- 
 que beatum, Hor. Ep. I, lf>, 20: see 
 aliiid. No. VI. (Ijit.-Kiig. Diet.). 4. 
 peculiar constr. : (i.) plus, amplius, and
 
 THANE 
 
 THAT 
 
 TH AW 
 
 Binas are used with numerals and words 
 oi quantity, with or without quani, as 
 inded. words, and without influonre upon 
 the coiistr. : it is nv/re t. six mrnilhs, 
 amplius sunt sex menses, Cic. Kosc. 
 Com. }, 8: more t. 8coo vien vere slain, 
 and not much less t. looo taken priftmers, 
 plus viil. millia boniinum caesa et hand 
 mnlto minus quam m. captum, LIv. 24. 
 42 (Weissenboni) : v. Lat. <ir. } J49. 
 (ii.) more t. 40 years old, annoe natus 
 major xl., Cic. Kosc. Am. 14, jq: u-ith 
 those mmr 1. 1 ; years of age, cum majuri- 
 bU8 XV. aimos naiis, Liv. 45, }2 : more 
 t. 20 years nl'i, ni^ijor annis xx.. Suet, 
 Caes. 45. [N.B. — Such constr. as major 
 qtiam xxv. aimunim, Ulp. Dig. 4, 4, 1, 
 are post-classical] (i\\.)— nothing else 
 t, nihil allud nisi, or quam (the latter is 
 doubtful in Cic. ; for the former, see Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 12, 52) : so, quid aliud nisi ? id. 
 Ben. 2, ?. 
 
 thane : * thanus : sometimes perh. 
 dominus. 
 
 thank: 1. expr. by gratlas apere 
 or habere: v. thanks. 2. graiulor, 
 I : to weary the yo^ls by t.ing tliem, deos 
 gnttulando obtundere. Ter. Heaut ;. i, 
 6: Quint. Phr. : (i.) (. ytm, benigne 
 dicis, Ter. Ph. 5, 9. 62 . also in declining 
 an offer, benigne, Hor. Ep. 1,7,62; recte, 
 Ter. Eun. 2, j, 51: in older L-it., tarn 
 gratia est (i. «. ac si accepissem), PI. 
 Stich. J, 2, 18 : t. you, you are very kiwi, 
 benigne ac liberaliter, Cic. Verr. }, 85, 
 196. (ii.) t. God, t. heaven ! est ilis 
 gratia, Ter. Ad. I, 2, 58 : "gratiae agaii- 
 tur deo optinio maximo : satis recte, quae 
 est dei benipnitas (Kr.). (iii.) to hare to 
 t. any one for, acceptum referre alicui, 
 Cic. PhiL 2, 22, 55. 
 
 thankful : 1. gratus : to be t. to 
 anybody, g. in aliqnem, Cic. Att. 9, 11 
 (No. 2), extr. : to oblige a rrry t. man, 
 homini gratissimo comniodare, id. Kani. 
 U, 41 : to shorn oneself t., g. se praebere, 
 id. Plane, ii, 91 : v. GRATEFUL. 2. 
 mgmor, oris (mindful) : v. mindfll. 
 Join: m.que piusque, Ov. Trist. 5,4, 
 4? ; m. et gratus, Cic. Fam. I j, 25. 3. 
 pius (pious: hence, t. from a sense of 
 moral obligation) : cea^e to think that 
 any can be t., desine aliquem fieri posse 
 pium. Cat. 7?, 2. 
 
 thankfully: grate: to count up 
 one's birtluiays t., natales g. nunier- 
 are, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 210 : often connected 
 with pie, Cic. Plane. 41, 98 : or expr. by 
 grato aninio, id. Phil. 4, i, j. 
 
 thankfulness : best expr. by gratus 
 animus: to mention the name of the boy 
 ■with the deepest t^ gratissiniis animis 
 nomen pueri prosequi. Cic. PhiL 4, I, } : 
 60, memor animus, id. Fam. i, 9, 10: 
 sometimes gratia, id. Inv. 2, 5?, 161, 
 " g. in qua amicitiarum et officiorum 
 alterius memoria et remunerandi volun- 
 tas continetur :" more rarely pletas, as 
 in Plin. Pan. 21. 
 
 thankless : I. Giving no thanks : 
 ingratus : to lie t. tou-ards any one. i. 
 esse in aliquem, Liv. }8, 50: the t. soil, 
 i. ager. Mart. 10. 47, 4 : Cic. : v. UN- 
 Cratfful: O ye t. onts ! () ingratifici, 
 immeniores beneficii ! Attius inCic. Sest. 
 57,122. II. Keceiinng no thanks ■ in- 
 gratus: it trill be a t. task for you, id 
 erit tibi i., Ter. Heaut. j. i, 61 : t. love, 
 1. amor, Catul. 76, 6: v. UNRKiiUiTKD. 
 
 thanklessly : I. Giving no 
 
 Ouinlcs : inpriile: Cic. Fam. 12, I, 2. 
 II Heceiving no thanks : ingrate : 
 Pall. 7, 5. I. 
 
 thanklessness : animus ingratus, 
 Cic. Att. 9, 2: ingratia, TerL: Ingrati- 
 tudo, Finn. Math. 
 
 thanks: 1. gratia (with agere, 
 almost always pi. : otherwise sing) : 
 great t., vast t., magnae, ingentes g., I'er. 
 tun. }, I, I : to give one a tliousand t., 
 incrediblles g. agere, Cic. Fam. i j, 27, 2 : 
 extraordinarji t., singulares p., id. ib. 
 I), 41 : everlasting t., immorlales g., 
 Plane, in Cic. Fam. 10, it, init.: to 
 give exceeding t., mirificas g. agere, 
 Cic. Att. 14, I J, ad fill.: to give t. to 
 any one in most flattering terms, am- 
 pljssimis, singularibus verbis g. agere, 
 
 id. Cat. ), 6, 14; SulL ;o, 8$: to pats a 
 
 formal vjte of t., g. agendas censere, id, 
 Horn. J2, 8; : our t. are due to the gods, 
 p. dis debetur. Id. Fin. j, 22, 7} ; «•< gixie 
 tiire the wai-mest t., we fed yet gi eater 
 thankfulness, maximas tibi g. agimu.s 
 majores etiam haljenms. Id. Marcell. 11, 
 jj. [N.B.— Habere gratiam is prop, to 
 feel t., whilst agere gratias refers to the 
 expr. of them in woriis : cf. id. Cat, I, 
 5, II : Tusc. I, 42, 100 with the preced. : 
 referre gratlam is to make a due return, 
 requite, repay, as In id. Fam. 5, 11, I : 
 Phil. ?, 2, 4: exsolvere, persolvere g.. Is 
 to thank by acts as utW as word* : so, 
 meritam dis g. justishonorlbus et mente 
 memorl persolvere, id. Plane. ??. *o- 
 suis recte faclise. exsolvere, Liv. 28, 25.] 
 2. grates,/, (only in tiom. and ace. : 
 abl. once in lac. : the word is sonie- 
 w hat poet., and is only once in Cic.) : to 
 utter one's t., dieere g., Virg. Aen. it, 
 508: to give praises and t. to tlie gods, 
 dis laudes g.que agere, Liv. 7, }6: agere 
 habereque, id. 2!, 11 : (deos) laudibus 
 gratibusque venerari, Tac. A, 12, 57. 
 Phr. : t. to the gods, beneficio (abl.) 
 Deorum, Caes. B. G. 5, 52: / oioe you 
 nuire t. than I ove Milo. ego plus tibi 
 quam Miloni del>co, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 5: 
 to have to Vuink the Ntle (for it), Nilo 
 beneficium debere (joined to fluminlbus 
 gratias agere). Sen. Ben. 6, 7, j : one 
 bound to give t., debitor, Plin. Ep. j, 2, 
 adfn. : Ov. 
 
 thanksgiving: 1. gratia, grates : 
 V. preced. art. : more exactly, graljarum 
 actio, Cic. Fan). 10, 19, i. 2. gratii- 
 latio (o religious festival of joy and t.): 
 Cic. PhiL M, J, 7. 3. suppllcatio (a 
 day set apart for a solemn t.): toappoint 
 a day of t., s. deceniere, Cic, Cat. }, 6, 
 1 5- 4. supplicium (s^yn. of preced.) : 
 Sail. C. 9. 5. eucharisticon (eixa- 
 
 picTTticbi') : Tert. Praescr. Haer. 47. 
 
 thanJtworthy : 1. gritus : it is 
 t. to hill a tyrant, (beiiehcio) gratum 
 occidere tyrannum, Cic. Phil. 2, 46, 117 : 
 / was unwilling to do it when it might 
 have been t. on my part, turn, quum g. 
 esse mihi potuil nolui (facere), Ter, 
 Heaut. 2, J, 21. 2, laudabilis: v. 
 PKAISEWORTHY. P h r. : for this is t., 
 haec enim est gratia, Vulg. i Pet. ii, 19. 
 
 that : I. Demonstrative pronoun : 
 to 1m; expr. by Iste (yon, t. (f yours : 
 t. near you, dcm. of the 2nd pers.): ilie 
 (t. other, t. one at a distance, dem. of the 
 jrd pers.) : both of which may be 
 strengthened by the dem. particle -ce, 
 V, Lat. Gr. } 78, 06s. i : or by is, which 
 is the logical and determinative pron., 
 and weaker than either of the preced. ; 
 hence it is often omitted : it is the pro- 
 per antecedent to qui. For the use of 
 these prons. see l.at. <ir ^^ 365, ?68, 
 J70- J74, 616, 619. Remarks : — (i.) since 
 is is not a proper demons, it should not 
 be used in such sentences as the foil., 
 epislolae Ciceronis placent non eae Plinii ; 
 hoe or illae must be used (NUgel.sb. 
 Styl. p. 24?): with a rel. clause, how- 
 ever, we find Cic. Off. J, begin thus : 
 P. Scipionem, Marce fill, eum. qui pri- 
 mus Africauus appellatus sit, dlcere 
 solitum scripsit Cuto. . . (ii.) ille is 
 often emph. : Xennphon, t. famous fol- 
 lower of Socrates, ,\enophon Socraticus 
 ille, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 58. (iii.) iste is 
 sometimes contemptuous: I,at,Gr. ^ 569. 
 (iv.) the Eng. and l,at. idioms do not 
 correspond in the use of the demons, : 
 blc is not unfreq. u>eil in pref. to is or 
 even ille : sometimes the converse is the 
 case. This is a mere point of style. 
 In historians, esp. Caesar, hie is used to 
 put a thing before the eyes of the reader : 
 huic rei (f/r that purpose) quod s<itis 
 est visum militum rellquit, Caes. B. G. 
 5, 2 and almost always in explana- 
 tions, " t. u: to say" = hoc est: cf. Cic, 
 Mil. 9, 24: for id est, see id. Fin. 2, I, l: 
 (it may also be rendered videlicet, v. 
 NAMELY): the mere unemphatlc this is 
 "is": idque e.ius rei causa (for tJiis 
 reason) antiquitus instifutuui videtur 
 ne, . . : Caes. B. G, 6, 1 1 : cf 7. i, id esse 
 1 facile, (v.) and I. (emphatic) = et is, 
 i 1 
 
 isque, atque is, et is quidcm : Lat Or 
 }} 174, 619, 6i8, Obs. 1 drvUed to tKt 
 mbUst pursuits, and t. Jrom a botf, 
 studiisoptimisdeditus idque a puero.Cic. 
 Fam. I }, 16, 4: t, vrry tiling = Id adeo, 
 Lat. Gr. 1) 614 so, id demum, niaxime, 
 quideni : / liad t. mometit come into the 
 Aypian roui when he met me, emer- 
 seram commode in Appiam t^ex Antiati) 
 quum in me incurril, Cic. Att i, 12, ad 
 init. (so, tantum quod, v. juwr). (vi.) 
 this... t. : V. under THIS. ||. liela- 
 tive pronoun : qui, quae, quod : v. who. 
 III. ' otij unction : A. introduc- 
 ing noun clauses : 1. expr. by «oc 
 and inf. : ibis is the case after verbs of 
 thinking, knowing, perceiving, raying, 
 hearing, or equiv. phr. : I>at. Gr. ^^ 507, 
 508: news uyjs brought t. tiie atnbas- 
 fodors had anired I rum Home, ab lioma 
 legatos venisse nuntiaium est, Liv. 21, 
 9. 2. expr. by qu<xi (as to Uie fact 
 t.) : esp. freq. after verbs or phr. of 
 mental tmotion : rrjoice t. a thousand 
 eyes behold thee speaking, gaude quod 
 mille oculi spectant t«» loquenlem, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 6, 19: cf. BECACSB, 3, expr, 
 by ut (nepatively by ne); esp. alter 
 verbs nf entreating, commanding, effect- 
 ing, resolve, fear, v. Ijit.Gr. ^451,452, 
 460. It nmst be remember«l that alter 
 any verb of fearing ut expr. t. not, De, 
 t. : I fear he will not come, vereor ut 
 venlat : / fear he tpi/J come, vereor ne 
 veniat, [N.B.— All such clauses are pro- 
 perly final clauses, denoting either pur- 
 pose or result : a large number of verbs 
 take either the ace. and inf. or ut with 
 the sulrj., according as the clause is 
 viewed simply as the object of the verb, 
 or as depending upon it as purpose 
 or resitlt : thus impero admits either 
 con^tr. : the admissible constr. must 
 therefore be sought under each verb or 
 phr. The constr. with ut after many 
 adjs. goes to support the view that it is 
 in origin a rel. pron.: thus, non est 
 verisimile ut literas adamarit. Cic. Kosc 
 Am. 41, 121: sometimes the sentence 
 gives exactly the Eng. idiom (t. being 
 orig. a dem.): nee minus id contendunt 
 et laborant ne ea quae dixerint enunti- 
 entur, Caes. B. G. 1, jl : id egi ne inier- 
 essem rebus gereiidis = / toiJi care L I 
 was not mixed up with public transac- 
 tions, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2. 4. Granting 
 t. — ut (ellipt. for fac ut): ut iu sit, Cic 
 Verr. J, 64, 151 : to Uiink t. ! is expr. 
 ellipt by the inf. : as. mene Incepto 
 desistere victam,'Virg. Aen. I, i7 : v. 
 I^t. Gr. {516. ^. Introducing finai 
 clauses : in order t., so t. : 1. when 
 purptse is denoted, ut (uti), quo. nega- 
 tively ne (less freq. ut ne): hence in- 
 stead of ut nemo, ne quis, etc., must be 
 used. 2. When result is denoted, ut 
 (uti): negatively, ut non: after verbs 
 of prevention, quominus.qulii, the latter 
 also after verbs of doubling. See Lat 
 Gr. ii 450-46}, The rel. qui may be 
 subst. forut; I.at Gr. }} 47»:-48i. C. 
 Oht.: (in wishes): 1. ullnam: Lat 
 Gr. ii 444, 446. ullnam occurs in 
 Ov. II. 1. 5. 2. O si: Oh t. fortune 
 muld show me a jar of money ! O si 
 uniiiin argenti fors mihi monstret Hot. 
 S. 2. 6, 10. 
 
 thatch (subs.): 1. stramentum: 
 dry t., s. aridum, Ijv. 25. }9- C"ttagei 
 covereil with t., casae stramento trctae, 
 Caes. B. (i. 5, 4! : to cover with reedt 
 ami <., arundinibuset stram-ntis tegere, 
 Vitr. 2, I, 5 (q.v.). 2. siramen, Inis, 
 n. : Ov. M. 5, 447, 3. culmus: Virg, 
 Aen. 8, 654. 
 
 thatch ( ''''■• PXP''- ^y stramento 
 tegere. v pieoil. art. to t. a house u-ith 
 rents, tegulo aruiidinum domum operire, 
 Plin. 16, !6, 64. sometimes also inie- 
 gere, v. biiof. 
 
 , thatched (porr and adj.): t. cot- 
 tages, ca.s.He straiiiineae, Ov. Am. 2,9, 18: 
 sti-ameiitlciae, Axicl. H. Hisp. 16, 
 
 thaW\''). I. Trans. 1, 
 
 solvo, .solvi. solutum. t : to t. the tnoio, 
 s, nivem, Ov, M. 2, 85J : v. melt, 2. 
 dis-solvo, vi, stiluium, j : to t. the icx, d. 
 glacieiD, Lucr. 6, 96} : to t. Uie cold, d. 
 849
 
 THAW 
 
 THEATRICAL L,T 
 
 THEN 
 
 fngiis, Hor. Od. i, 9, 5. [N B.— The 
 fir»t four verbs under II. are prop, 
 trans., but are less t'req. so used: also 
 eg51iuo, Sid.; egJlo, Cael. Aur., occur in 
 the sense of " to make lukenarm." 
 Phr. : wai-mth t.'d their motionless 
 limbs, calor stupentia membra com- 
 movit. Curt. 8, 4, 12.] ||, Intrans.: 
 1. regelo, i (in pass, voice, see 
 above). Lit.: Col. i, 5, 8. Fig.- my 
 age scare. t.s at midsummer, aetas mea 
 vix regelatur media aestate, Sen. Ep. 67, 
 I. 2. rgmitto, misi, missum, } (with 
 pi on. reflect, or pass. : to unloose) ; the 
 ground t.s, humus se remittit, Tib. ?, 5, 
 
 4 • Ov. F. 4, 126: so, relaxo, I : S'-n. 
 N. y. 4. 5,2. 3. resolvo, vi, soliitum, 
 J (syn. of, and constr. like preced.): t/ie 
 Jihirie suddenly t.'d, resolutus repente 
 Ehenus Suet. Dovn. 6. 4. Hquefacio, 
 feci, factum, j (to liquefy : pass., to t.) : 
 Cic .N. D. 2, 10, ?6. 5. liquesco, 
 licui, J (to melt) : the slush of the t.ing 
 snow, fluens tabes liquescentis nivis, 
 Liv. 21, j6: Lucr. I. 49}. 6. tSbesco, 
 tabui, J (to melt auay) : Cic. N. D. 2, 
 10, 26 (humor moUitur tepefactus et 
 tabescit calore... aqua admixto calore 
 liquefacta : said of the melting of ice). 
 
 thaw (subs.) : regglatio, Aggen. in 
 Frontin. 57, Goes. ( — the act of t.ing) : 
 usu. expr. by a phr. ■. when a t. comes, 
 disturbata nive et glacie se frangente, 
 Sen. N. Q. 4, 5, 4. 
 
 thawing (part, and adj.) : t. snoir, 
 nix tabida, Liv. 21, ?6; tenera et labe- 
 facta. Sen. N. Q. 4, 5, ;. 
 
 the : I. '^'^^ article : no equiv. : 
 the foU. sentences should be observed, 
 in which (he constr. partly expr. the 
 art., or an equiv. dem. pron. is used : 
 (. people of Achaia and also t. people 
 of Asia, Achaici itemque in A.<ia (oi 
 €1- TTJ 'Ao-i'a), Cic. Att. II, 15, I : t. 
 last tiLO tetters of t. void optimus, 
 postremae duae literae quae sunt in 
 "optimus," id. Oral. 48, 161 : they pre- 
 tend that it is a votive offering for their 
 return: t. report spreads, votum pro 
 reditu simulant; ea fama vagatur, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 17: t. Hercules of Xenophon, 
 Hercules Xenophontius ilie, Cic. Fam. 
 5, 12 (here we have the ille of celebrity, 
 Lat. Gr. J ?65) : / wish we could say t. 
 same utith truth, velleni nobis hoc idem 
 vere dicere llceret, id. Off. j, i, i : / am 
 in the enjoyment of re/jose, but not t. 
 repose which he ought to enjny who 
 formerly gave repose to the state, otio 
 fruor, non illo quidem, quo debebat is, 
 qui quondam peperisset otium civitati, 
 id. ib. t, I, J. [N.B — The practice of 
 some modern Latinists, who use the 
 Greek article on emergency, is always 
 to be avoided: see Nagelsb. Styl. p. 21, 
 *9-] II. 'rheabl.oftliedenumstratire: 
 expr. by the abl. of manner (Lat. Gr. 
 
 5 J2I), eo, hoc, etc : lie persuades them 
 t. more easily to this, id hoc facilius iis 
 persuasit, Caes. B. G. 1, a: for quo= ut 
 eo, see Lat. Gr. } 45i. Usu. it has a 
 correL, t. ... t.: it is then expr. by (i.) 
 eo.. quo; hoc., quo; tanto. . quanto; 
 the rel. clause usu preced.: t. less he 
 sought glory t. mo>-e it folloned him, 
 quo minus glorlam pelebat illo magis 
 eura sequebatiir. Sail. C. 54 : t. more 
 clever aud gifted a man is t. more 
 laboriously does he teacli, quo quisque 
 est sollertior et ingeniosior eo docet 
 laboriosius, Cic. Rose. Com. 11, 11 : ^ 
 longer he is away t. more I iirish for 
 him, quanto diuiius abest magis cupio 
 tanto, Ter. Heaut j, i, 15 (quantum 
 magis. . eo acrius occurs in Liv. j, 15) 
 (ii.) it may also be expr. by ut...ita 
 (Lat. Gr. $ ?;ft), ut being mostly foil. 
 by quisque, and both clauses u>u. hav- 
 ing a siiperl. : but the comp. and even 
 the pos. are used sumetinies : at times 
 the force of the superl. is expr. by the 
 verb or subs. : also ita is sometimns 
 omitted. T. better a man is t. less in- 
 clined is he to suspect others to be wicked, 
 ut quisque est vir optimus ita difflcillime 
 esse alius improbos suspicatur, Cic. Q. 
 Jr. I, I, ^, 12 tie a>e so framed by 
 ttature that there is a bond of union 
 
 850 
 
 amongst all, but it is t. stronger t. more 
 neiirly we are related, ita natos esse nos 
 ut inter omnes esset societas quaedam, 
 major autem ut quisque proxinie acce- 
 deret, id. Am. ,, 19 see Lat.-Eng. l.)ict. 
 under ut, A, 11., iii. Sunntinies both 
 correlatives are omitted, and only quis- 
 que retained with the superl. in both 
 clauses : t. vnser a man is t. more calmly 
 he dies, sapientissimus quisque aequis- 
 simo animo moritur, Cic. Sen. 22. 8;. 
 (iii.) it is much less freq expr. by quam 
 . . . tam : t. more. . . t. more, qu.mi ma- 
 gis... tam magis, Vitg. Aen. 7, 7R7 
 (without lam, id. G. ?, !09) : quam ma- 
 gis... tanto (artins), PI. Men. i, i. 19- 
 t. worse a man acts t. safer is he, quam 
 quisque pestime fecit tam maxime tuius 
 est. Sail. J. ji. [N.B. — quantocius, t. 
 sooner t. better, occurs only in Sulp. 
 Sev.] 
 
 theatre : I. Playhouse -. 1. 
 theatrum : a marble t., t. marmoreum, 
 Ov. A. A. I, loj : having entered the t. 
 of the people of Antioch, uliere it is their 
 wont to hold deliberative assemblies, 
 Antiochiensium ingressus t. ubi illis 
 consultare mos est, Tac. H. 2, 80 (v. 
 Diet. Ant.) : Rome, crammed into a 
 closely-packed t., Roma aito stipata t., 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, 60. (The dimin. OtaTpi- 
 &1.0V occurs in Varr. R. R. i, 5, ij.) 
 2. scena (prop, the scene) : a tem- 
 porary t., s. in tempus structa, Tac. A. 
 14, 20. 3. spectaculum (any stoic); 
 applause in all t.s, plausus ex omnibus 
 s.. Cic. Sest. 58, 124. 4. amphithe- 
 iitrum: v. AMPHITHEATRE. 5. cavea 
 (prop, the part wheie the audience sat,) .- 
 public games are twofold, those of the 
 t. and those of the circus, ludi publici 
 sunt c. circoquedivisi, Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 38. 
 [N.B. — Hence the most appropriate ex- 
 pressions for the parts of a modem t. ; 
 the pit — c. prima, ima ; the boxes, c. 
 media; the gallery, c. ultima, summa. 
 For the arrangements of the Roman t., 
 v. Diet. Ant.] II. The audience : 
 
 theatrum : we know that whole t.s 
 shouted out, tota t. exclamasse scimus. 
 Quint. I, 6, 4; : it may be more fully 
 expr. by consessus theatri, Cic. Tusc. I, 
 16, J7. Phr.: when the affair became 
 knou-n to the uhole t., ut vero cuneis 
 res notuit omnibus, Phaedr. 5, 7, ^5. 
 III. The scene of action : 1. 
 theatrum : the forum icas the t. of that 
 genius, forum luit quasi t. illius ingenii, 
 Cic. Brut. 2, 6: thre is no wider t. for 
 virtue than the conscience, nullum t. 
 virtuti conscientia majus est, id. fuse. 
 2, 26, 64. 2. scena ambition, luxury, 
 violence are in uant of at. (of action), 
 ambitio et luxuria et impotentia s. desi- 
 derant, Sen. Kp. 94, 71 : v. stage. 3. 
 campus ; v. field. 4. arena . the t. 
 of civil war, a. civilis belli, Flor. 4, 2, 18 : 
 this is more correctly expr. by sedes 
 belli. Liv. 4, ji. 5. pulvis, eris, m. 
 {place of coji test, scene of cution): Quint.: 
 
 Cic. : v. ARENA. 
 
 theatrical: 1, theatralis: <. art*, 
 t. artes, Tac. A. 14, 21: t. politeness, t. 
 humanitas, Quint. 2. 2, 10 (al. incor- 
 rectly, hiimilitas): t. and gladiatorial 
 asseiiihlies, t. gladiatoriique consessus, 
 Cic. ■>est 54, 1 15. (Aug. lias theatricus.) 
 2. sceiiicus ■ t. games, ludi s., Liv. 
 7, 2 : t. gesturfs, s. gestiis, Cic. de Or. ?, 
 59, 220 ; a t. company, plebs s., Stat. S. 
 I, 6, 7?- a mock, t. king, imaginarius 
 et s. rex, Flor. 2, 14, 4 : t. costume, 
 •habitus, amictus s. [N.B — The dis- 
 tinction between the two preced. adjs. 
 is that the former refers to everything 
 connected with the actual building; 
 the latter to the character and style of 
 the performance.'} 3. scenalis Lucr. 
 4, 77 (dub.). 4. scenaillis Varr. 5. 
 scenarius : Amm. 6. histrkus (per- 
 laining to aitors) : a t. manager, im- 
 perator h., PI. Poen. prol., 4 7. h's- 
 trionalis : t. rhytlrms, h modi, Tac. Or. 
 26, 2. Phr.: the silly t. gestures of 
 stage-players, histrionum gesius ineptiis 
 non vacantes. Cic. Off. i, ?6, ijo. 
 
 theatrically : scenice : Quint. 6, 
 I, J8. 
 
 theft: furtura manifest <„ f. apeiv 
 turn, Cic. Rose. Com. 9. 26 a sportive t., 
 i. jocosum, Hor. Od. 1, 10, 8 to be 
 guilty of t., furti se alligare, astringere, 
 PI. I!ud. 4, 7. J4 ; Ten Eun. 4, 7, ig to 
 be taken in the act of t.. in furto com- 
 prehendi, Cjte^. B. G. 6, 16: v. also pla- 
 giarism. 
 
 theme : 1. propSsItio or propo- 
 sUum (the principal suiij,_ct) -. also expr. 
 by res simply : thus in ( lie. de Or. j, yj, 
 20J (q. V.) : a digression from one's t. is 
 ab re digressio ; o return to the t., reditus 
 ad propositiim, ad rem ; a t, projKtsitio 
 quid sit dicturus, id. ib. 2. quaestio : 
 Cic. Top. 21, 79, says there are two 
 classes of quaestiones ; the definite or 
 special " quod vnoOetnv Graici, nos cau- 
 Siiui;" and the indefnite or general, 
 " quod Becriv illi appellant, nos proposi- 
 tuni possumus nomiiiare : " so Quint, j, 5, 
 5 to 18, who adds that the latter class 
 is also called quaestiones uiiiversales, 
 civiles, or philosopbo convenientes. 3, 
 argiimentum (a word of wide import ; 
 subject) : " omnis ad stril)endum ma- 
 teria a. appellatur," Quint. ;, 10, 9 ; 
 Cic: V. SCBJECT. 4, ihema, atis, n. 
 (6€fia) : certain topics are proposed 
 which we call t.s, certa quaeilam po- 
 nuRtur quae themata dicinius, Quint. 4, 
 2, 28. 6. positio: Quint. 2, 10, 15. 
 6. lemma, atis, n. (Krjjxii.o.): lie 
 chose a t. on uhich I sometimes write 
 fuyitice verses, 1. sibi sumpsit quod ego 
 interduni versibus ludo, Plin. Ep. 4, 27. 
 Phr.: to propose a t. to any one, ponere 
 aliquid alicui de quo disputetur, Cic. 
 Am. 5, 17. 
 
 then : I. -4< that time, denoting 
 coincidence : 1. turn (used absol. or 
 as cor) el. to quum, postquam, ubi, si, or 
 abl. abs. : it may be strengthened by 
 demum, denique, vero, maxime) : Curio 
 was t. tribune of the plebs. erat tribunus 
 plebis t. Curio, Cic. Brut. 89, joj : pi-aise 
 is most honourable when it follows (our 
 endeavours), not when it is sought, laus 
 t. est pulcherrima cum sequitur non 
 cum arcessitur, Quint. 10, 2, 27 ; here t. 
 is better omitted in Engl. : in Lat. it 
 gives more force and precision to the 
 sentence. It may be, and often is 
 omitted : so in Liv. 26, 1 1, ubi recepissent 
 se in castra mira serenitas oriebatur. 
 This is a mere point of style. 2. tunc 
 (emph. form of preced. : prop. opp. to 
 nunc or hodie ; at that particular mo- 
 ment or conjuTKture of circumstances : 
 rarely as correl of quum or si : it may 
 be strenglhened by demum) : t. (seeing 
 that the camp of Hannibal was pitched 
 just outside Rome) they took refuge in 
 their houses, t. in domos refugiebant. 
 Liv. 26, 10 : (t.) when all has been said, 
 t, cum omnia dicta sunt, Cic. Verr. Act 
 I, 18, 5;. 3. expr. by eo tempore 
 Cic. Brut. 91, JI?, or phr. of similai 
 
 import. [N.B.— Turn tum, means 
 
 now t.: tie did not say first this 
 
 t. that, but always the same thing, not) 
 t. hoc t. illud sed idem semper dicebat 
 Cic. Am. 4, I}: v. NOW (11.): t is re- 
 peated 9 times in Cic. N. D. 2, 2c, 51 ■ 
 uow and t. is expr. by aliquando, v. 
 somictimes, occasioxallv. Avoid such 
 combinations ast. teniporis. Just.] ||. 
 '/'/(«/ e(/pon,denoting succession. 1, tum 
 (strengthened by vero, deinde, postea, 
 demum) : (. C'rcu^us says, t. Crassu^ 
 
 inquit, Cic. de Or. j, 24, 91 : what 
 
 f ■' quid t. ? id. Mur. 12, 26 : Ter. ■ 
 t. he sent apart of his forces, t. demuti 
 partem copiarum misit, Caes. B. G. i, 50 
 _ 2. deinite, dgin (constantly scanned 
 ej in the poets): theysle" many of them, 
 t. tliey returned into the camp, complures 
 e.\ lis occiderunt ; d. se in castra rece- 
 perunt, Caes. B. G 4, j; deinde tum. 
 Quint. : deinde tunc. Sen. : tum deinde, 
 Liv.: v. deinde Jl. in Lat. Eng. Diet. 
 3. exinde, exin : t. the camp was 
 removed to Miinda, ad Mundam exinde 
 castra mota, Liv. 74, 42. 4. inde : 
 t. a line of infantry charges Vie horse, 
 pedestris i. aries in equites incurrlt, Liv. 
 26, 4: Cic: i. deincepg, Liv. deinceps i., 
 Cic. 6. deinceps : V. HEXTLT. 6. M
 
 THENCE 
 
 T H E R A P K r T I C S 
 
 ■I H K K E F O R E 
 
 (prop. <n<r« : tiansi'. to ttm*) : 1. 1 thrice 
 endeavoured to cast my arms round her 
 neck, ter coiiatus i. coUo dare brachia 
 circum, Vlrg. Aen. 2, 192 • Liv. j, 14 : 
 also with tuin, Cic. Caecin. 10, 2"]. 7. 
 denique (ami tlieti) : and t. v fiat did 
 you do f quid d. agills? VI. Bac. 2, J, 60 : 
 Caes. B. (i. •', 64. 8. I'lc (upon this : 
 used to bring a past occurrence vividly 
 forward) . v, HKBKUroN. 9 post, 
 
 postea (aftnni-ards) ■ vhat t.f quid 
 postea? Cic. liosc. Am. j;. 94. v. aktisR- 
 WARDs. 10. niox (.«o(m afltr) -. I'liii. 
 >8, 1, 17. 11, Igitur ■ J'l. Lucr. 
 
 [N.B. — The ^^ and" iti "and then" is 
 very rarely expr. in Lat. : the prop. 
 equW. is denique (v. No. 7): it is how- 
 ever found in some pass. : major pars in 
 Achaiam ac dcinde post in Asiam per- 
 fugit, Veil. 2, 2}, ?.] III. The clilif 
 combinations usid in enumerations are . 
 primum . . . d'Mtide . . . postremo, Cic. 
 primuni . . . deinde . . . deinde ... dc- 
 inde, id. primum . . . deinde . . . tum . . . 
 postremo, id. : primum . . . tiim etiam, 
 Caes. Without primum or equiv. phr. : 
 ... deinde ... inde ... delude, Cic: 
 deinde . . . deinde . . . postremo, CUc. : 
 deinde ... post autem ... tnni vero, 
 Cic. Also, in enumerations dchinc be- 
 comes a syn. of deinde : primum . . . 
 dehinc, Virg. : Sail. : without primum : 
 dehinc . . . tum . . . inde. Sen. |V. 
 Nov), in introducing a new argument : 
 
 jam, V. NOW (111., 2), AGAIN, MORI.OVKU. 
 
 V, There/ore, denoting logical con- 
 sequence : 1. Igitur (rarely first, 
 unless cmph. : however this position is 
 freq. given to it iu Sail., lac, Liv., and 
 the com. poets: it draws an inference, 
 introduces consecutive interrogations, 
 or resumes after a dii;ressioii) : lam not 
 sn dull as to say that. M. WJiat do you 
 say t. f Non sum ita hebes ut istud 
 dicam. M. Quid dicis x.'i Cic. I'usc. i, 
 6, 12. (For its ordinary use, v. id. Acad. 
 2, JO, 96.) Let us return to the point 
 whence we have digressed : Hortensins t. 
 whilst quite a youth ..., ad id unde 
 digressi sumus reveriamur : Horteiisius 
 i., cum admodum adolescens . . ., id. 
 Brut. 88, joi. 2. ergo (in Ov. and 
 later poets ergo : stronger than prectd. : 
 it is iisu. put first : it often occurs in 
 inter, phr. : .sometimes with an imper. 
 or as a resumptive word)- to-nwrroir t. 
 punctually 6y the cloclc, eras e. ad clepsy- 
 dram, Cic. Tiisc. 2, 27, 67 : so t. eternal 
 sleep overpowers Quintilius, e. Quinti- 
 liura perpetuus sopor urget, Hor. Od i, 
 24, 5 : cease t., desinite e., Caes. B. C. J, 
 
 19, ad fin. : why t. do we hesitate f 
 
 quid e. dubitamus ...f Cic Kin 4, 14, 
 36 (cf. quid dubitas igitur? id. ib. 4, i }, 
 34) : there are t. three roads, us I said, 
 tres e., ut dixi, viae, id. Phil. 12, 9, 22 : 
 
 V. THRRKFORE. 
 
 thence: I. of place: 1. inde: 
 to go into the province, and I. into Italy, 
 in provinciam exire atque i. in Italiam, 
 Caes. B. G. i, jj : Cic 2. ''""^ or 
 illim (from, that place) : I think that he 
 has set out t., i. profectum puto, Cic. Att. 
 9, 14, ad fin. : for the second form, see 
 Gc Phil."2, Ji, 77 (Halm). 3. istinc 
 or istim (from i/onder, from where you 
 are): they nho come I. say that you are 
 proud, qui i. venhuit te supcrbum esse 
 dicunt, Cic. Kani. i, 10, i : lor the second 
 form, see id. Att. i, 14. 4. exinde, 
 exin : he proceeded to Commagene, t. to 
 Cappcuiocia, t. to the Armenians, Com- 
 magenam, exin Cappadoclos, inde Ar- 
 menios potivit. Tac. A. IJ, 12. 5. 
 more usu. e.\pr. by phr. ; the enemy 
 forthwith marched t. to the river, hostes 
 protinus ex eo loco ad fiumen contend- 
 erunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 9. ||. Of source 
 or cause ; 1. inde t. you may take 
 samexrhat to imitate, i. tibi quod imltere 
 capias, i^iv. praef. : id. 26, 4. 2. 
 
 hinc (hence) : in lively narrative it may 
 be used of a source not present, /roni 
 that person or thing, etc : v. hknce. 
 3. exinde, exin • App. M. 6, p. 184. 
 4 usu. expr. by a phr., such as ex 
 eo, ex ea re, ex quo tit, Cic Ilep i. 4}. 
 
 forth: L "^u. expr. by 
 
 a plir. : ex eo tempore, Cic. Quint. 5, 
 22; ex quo, ex iUo, Virg. Aen. 2, i6j- 
 1^9- 2. dehinc (sometimes m poets a 
 monosyllable) : t. there exists a twofold 
 rumour, duplex d. lama est. Suet. CaL 
 58 3. i'lile (from that time forth, 
 
 ever since) ■ Cic. Arch., init. 
 
 theologian : the6i6gus, Cic N. D. j, 
 21, 54 .Macr. Somn. Sc i, 10, 17: v. 
 
 THKOUXJV. 
 
 theological : theOlOglcus, Amm. 16, 
 
 ;, ; . v tm/ii.oiiY. 
 
 theologically : *thcol6glce • v. foil, 
 art. 
 
 theology : theSlOgia, Aug. As this, 
 as well as the preced., applied orig. to 
 the study of tieatheii t., or of mythology, 
 it is usu. quul. in M L by some adj. : 
 prifestor if t., *sacrae t. professor; 
 otiii-r mod. equiv. are * literae sacrae, 
 rciiim diviiiarum scieiitia (Kr.). 
 
 theorem : iheOrema, utis n. (dat. 
 pi. thcorcmatis), Gell. i, 2. JHmin. 
 thcorematium, id. i, u. Cic. Fai. 6, 
 II says, "perccpia. quae dicunturGracce 
 Stujp^HttTa." It may also be rendered 
 more widely by ratio, as in Cic. Off. 2, 
 J, 9 (of. Nagelsb. Siyl. 171) : v. proposi- 
 tion. 
 
 theoretical : 1, rationaiis : t. 
 
 science, r. disciplina, Cels. praef. (opp. to 
 usus, experinunta). 2. contemplii- 
 tivus : t. philosophy, c. philosophia. Sen. 
 Kp. 95, 10 (opp. to activa) v. spkcu- 
 LATivK. 3. cinonicus; I'lin. : Vitr. 
 4. more usu. expr. by phr.: cf. 
 THEORY, and the foil.: ars... posita 
 in inspectione id est cogniiione etaesti- 
 matione rerum.... ipso rei cujus stu- 
 dium habet intellectu contenta, quae 
 ScajpjjTiict) vocatur, Quint. 2, 1 8, i : ne- 
 que est res ulla quae non ad cognos- 
 cendi (t.) aut ad agendi (practical) vim 
 referatur, Cic. de Or. }, 29, iii. 
 
 theoretically: expr. by phr.: it 
 cannot be t. maintained, scientia teneri 
 non potest, Cic. Rep. i, 2. 
 
 theorising : somehow or another my 
 discourse has fallen into t., nescio quo 
 pacio ad praeciplendi rationem delapsa 
 est oratio mea, Cic. Q. Fr. i, i, 6, $ 18. 
 
 theorist: can6nicus: Plin. 2, 17, 
 14 : medical t.s, rationales medici, Cels. 
 praef. 
 
 theory : 1, ratio (prob. the best 
 and most freq. equiv.) : either t., or 
 practice %eithout t., vel r., vel sine ra- 
 tioiie ipsa exercitatio, Cic. de Or. j, 24, 
 9J : the t. and practice of tear, r. atque 
 usus belli, Caes. B. G. 4, i. 2. ars, 
 lis, /. (in its proper sense It Includes 
 both t. and practice, but it may be used 
 to e.\pr. the former only: the context 
 or the antithesis determines the sense) : 
 it seems to me a splendid thing in prac- 
 tice but a poor one in t., res mihi vldetur 
 facultate praeclara, arle mediocris, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 7, 50 : nor is it enough to pos:- 
 sess virtue as a t. without putting it 
 into practice, nee habere virtuiem satis, 
 quasi a.aliquam, nisi utare, id. Hep. i, 2. 
 3. scientia (knowledge) : t and prac- 
 tice, s. atque usus, Caes. B. G. 2, 20 Cic. 
 deOr. }, 29, 112. [N.B.— There is a freq. 
 contrast between ratio, ars, scientia, or 
 even doctrina (Cic de Or. i, 48, 208), in 
 the sense oft., and exercitatio, facultas, 
 usus, prudentia, which denote practice. 
 If ars is opp. to ratio it means practice : 
 as, sine ulla arte aut ratione, without 
 any practice or t., Cic. de Or. ?, 50, 195 : 
 hence the expr. ars rationaiis ( = t.) in 
 Cels. praef.] 4. artllioium (systevi) : 
 Cic. de Or i, }2. 146. 5. ralioclimtlo: 
 Vilr. I. I, i; (opp. to fabrica). 6. 
 theoria, iheorice, es, /. : Hier. Phr.: 
 in t. perhaps less acqiuxiiited n-ith it 
 than I could u-ish, in exj>erience and 
 practice even mirre than I could desire, 
 in studio minus fortasse quam vellem, 
 in rebus atque usu plus etIam quam 
 vellem versatus, Cic. Kam. 6, 10, 5 : o 
 general t. of all moral dntii. coiiformatio 
 omnium officioriira, id. Fin. 5, 6, i;. 
 
 therapeutic; mcdlcus. v. healing. 
 
 therapeutics : medendi scientia, 
 ratio, Cels. praef.- medlclna : v. meui- 
 
 CINK. 
 
 there : |. in that place, at that 
 point: 1, Ibi: t.he enrols tu<o Ugiinit, 
 duas legiones I. conscribit, Cats. B. G. i, 
 10. Fig. if t. it anything which Kt 
 reserves for tlie witnesses t. he u-iU find 
 m better prepareii, si quid est quod ad 
 testes reservet i. nos paratiores riperiet. 
 Cic Rose. Am. 29, 82. It* streuKibened 
 form is Ibidem ( = jurf t.), Cic. : v. same. 
 2. istic (y(/nder t., uhare you are) : 
 you prefer to be t., where you are of 
 some account, than t., v here i/uu alone 
 seem to be wise, ibi mails esse ubi ali- 
 quo numero sis quam i. ubi solus sapere 
 videare, Cic Fam. i, 10. 3. illlc 
 
 (rare) : Ri/man citizen* who trafficked t., 
 cives Roniani qui i. negotiarentur, Caes. 
 B. C. ), 102. 4. e.\pr. by in eo loco, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 35, or a similar phr.: (eo 
 loci occurs in Tac. A. 15, 74; eo in the 
 spurious Ep. ad Bruluni, aij-.-ribed to 
 Cic). II. Used pleonastlcdiy wlili 
 vei bs : no equiv. it must never be expr. 
 in Latin: thus, t. lay betneen our army 
 and tlie enemy's a marsh of no great 
 extent, palus eral noii magna inter uks- 
 trum atque hostium exercitum, Caes. 
 B. (}. 2, 9. Ill, Used incorrectly for 
 thitlier : eo, v. tmither. (In the Dig. 
 ibi is found with verbs of motion.) 
 
 -about: circa: v. about, B., II 
 
 -after : exinde, delude ■ v. then, 
 
 afterwards: in Lucr. 5, 788, inde 
 loci. 
 
 -by : expr. by " by it," eo, ea re, 
 
 etc. 
 
 -fore : 1. ergo (usu. but not 
 
 always, placed first: it may be employed 
 ill argumentative questions and resump- 
 tions): t. also promises are sometimes 
 not to be kept, e. et promissa non facienda 
 nonnunquam, Cic. Off. }, 25, 9; : I<^ i< 
 be fixed t. that what is dishonourable it 
 never useful, maneat e. quod turpe sit 
 id nunquam utile esse, id. ib. j, 12, 49: 
 the foil, pleon. expr. are found : itaque 
 e., Liv. ; e. igitur, I'l. ; e. propterea, Ter. 
 2, igitur (weaker than preced. : not 
 usu. first: if so placed, as olten in Salt, 
 it is emph.): t. the highest and most 
 perfect gliTy consists of these three 
 things, summa i. et perlecta gloria con- 
 stat ex tribus his, Cic. Off. 2,<).ti.t.ai 
 home and abroad nunality nas culti- 
 vated, i. domi mililiaeque boni mores 
 
 colebantur. Sail. C. ij : do you see t f 
 
 videsne i .•■ Cic Tusc 2, S, 14. [N.B 
 
 video is seldom joined to ergo: also 
 avoid et igitur, igiturque.] 3. iiaque 
 (and SO: in Cic. and Caes. it iak(-s the 
 first place: in Liv. and later writers 
 often after one or two words) : (. such 
 a man will not venture to do nut 
 even to think anything which he 
 dares not utter, i. talis vir non modo 
 faceie sed ne cogitare quidcm quid- 
 quam audebit iiuod non audeat praeili- 
 care, Cic Off. }, 19, 77. 4. iccirco. 
 idiiico (Jor that reason: the clause 
 stilting the cause or reason Is introduced 
 by quoii. quia, quoniam or si, with tn- 
 d'lc. in direct, sutfj. In indirect claii.ses : 
 if the folL clause denotes a purpose, the 
 siibj. is always used : it may also be 
 used abs.) : l>ecause nature cautiol be 
 changed, t. true friendships are eternal, 
 quia natura mutari nou potest i. verao 
 amicitiae sempitemae sunt. Cic. Am. 9. 
 J 2 : did notie of the former (rulers) t. 
 touch it that he him.<elf might carry it 
 offf i. nemo siiperiorum alligit ut ipse 
 toUeret ? id. Verr. 4, 4, 7 : shall 1 I. mite 
 with the greatest lionce t l.ne scribam 
 licenter? Hor. A. P. 26;. The combina- 
 tion neque 1. minii.s, iKx:urs in Cic TusC. 
 2, J. 8. 5. ^'l<'o (*>■"• "1 preced. : 
 constr. exactly like it) ; becautt I have 
 had Ote letter many days in hand t. 
 many ad'tilions have tieen made at odd 
 times. quiKl mulios dies epistolam in 
 manibus habui i. mulla conjecta sunt 
 allud alio iemi>orc, Cic Q. Fr. j, i. 7, 
 } 21 he thmight it necessary that I'am- 
 pey should be informed and U u-ent to 
 him. nec<«sariuin existimavil fieri rerti- 
 orem Pompeium, a'.que I. ad I'ompeliim 
 contendit, Caes. B. C. }, 11 (et ideo, ideo- 
 que also occur). 6. proplSrea (for 
 8«i
 
 THERE I N 
 
 THI CK E N 
 
 THICKNESS 
 
 that cause, constr. with quod, quia, ut) -. 
 J t. said these things about myself tliat 
 Tubero might pardon vie, haec p. de me 
 dixi ui niihi Tubero ignusceret, Cic Lig. 
 J, 8 (usu. in close connection with quod 
 or quia, in the sense of " becatise that "). 
 7. eo (/or that motive or reaton) : 
 t. I tiriU be briefer, e. ero brevior, Cic. 
 Kani. 6, 20, i : similarly Isto, PI. Rud. 4, 
 •J, 8. 8. proinde, proin (usu. in advice 
 or encouragement, or in animated dis- 
 course, esp. towards the close of a speech) 
 (Jie said) that he came diinn to check the 
 turbulent; t. it will be better for tlievi to 
 he quiet, se descendisse ut turbantes 
 coerceret; p. quiesse erit melius, Liv. j, 
 48 : id ?o, 4 : Cic. : Caes. 9. expr. by 
 n*u,t. ace. of a pion. (with reference to 
 this) : so, id: / rejoice t„ id ego gaudeo 
 quod. . ., Cic. Q. Fr. J, 1, }, $ 9 : quod : 
 I fear lest the disease grow worse, t. I 
 pray thee, O Health, that nothing of the 
 kind may happen, metuo ne morbus 
 aggravescat: quod te, Salus, ne quid sit 
 hujus oro, Ter. Hec. J, 2, 2. 10. expr. 
 by ob hoc, ob id, quamobrem, or by a 
 clause : as, quae quum ita sint (R. and 
 
 A.): V. WIIKREFOKE. 
 
 therein : expr. by " in it," in 60, in 
 ea re, etc. • v. in. 
 
 -into : e.-spr. by " into that 
 
 thing," in id, in earn rem, etc. : v. into: 
 Cic. has, isto : there is no reason for 
 you to bring him t., eum quod i. admis- 
 ceas nihil est, Q. Fr. j, i, }. ^ 9. 
 
 -of: expr. by "of it" {gen. or 
 
 <)6^) ; to give half t., dimidium istinc 
 dare, PI. Ps. 4, •), 68. 
 
 -upon ; 1. siibinde (imme- 
 diately after) : t. tivo cities were taken, 
 duae s. urbes captae, Liv. ?o, 7 : Hor. 
 Ep. 1, 8. i;. 2. inde : v. then. 
 
 -with : I. V- THEREBY. ||. 
 
 Expr. \>y " along with it," cum eo, cum 
 ea re, etc. 
 theriac: theriaca: Plin. 20, 24, 100: 
 
 V. ANTHX)TE. 
 
 ■ thermometrum 
 
 thermometer : 
 
 (Kr.). 
 
 thesis: thesis (Sfcri!): the t. "whe- 
 ther Orestes nas riyhtly absolved," I. an 
 Orestes recte sit absolutus. Quint, j, 5, 
 11 : pure Lat. propositum, v. theme. 
 theurgic: theurglcus: v. magic. 
 theurgy: theurgla: V. MAGIC. 
 thew : I. Manners, beltaviour : 
 
 mores, v. chaeacteb. ||. Sinew: 
 nervus : v. srNEW. 
 
 they : v. he: Lat. Gr. }} 78, 19, J57- 
 J77, 614-618. 
 
 thick (adj.): I. Closely packed, 
 
 with small intervals between the parts : 
 
 1. densus (opp. to rarus): t. dust, 
 
 d. pulvis, Liv. 21, 46 : very t. ivoods, d. 
 
 silvae, Caes. B. G. 4, 58 : the t. masses 
 
 of the enemy, d. hosles, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 
 511 : t. air (1. e. a mist), d. aer, Hor. Od. 
 
 2, 7, 14 • they put OH t. coats, d. instau- 
 
 rant tunicas, Plin. 11, 2J, 27 (of insects) : 
 
 a t. and rather fatty skin, d. cutis et 
 
 suppinguis, Cels. 6, 4. 2. condens- 
 
 us (rare : stronger than preced.) : a t. 
 
 line of battle, c. acies. Liv. 26, 5 : t. 
 
 clouds, c. nubila, Lucr. 6, 466: Virg. 
 
 The intensitive perdensus is in Col., 
 
 praedensus in Plin. 3. spissus 
 
 (mostly poet.) : a t. body, s. corpus, 
 
 Lucr. 6, 127: t. darkness, s. caligo, Ov. 
 
 M. 7, 528 : rough stones are of a t. and 
 
 solid nature, cacmenta sunt s. et solida 
 
 proprletate, Vitr. 2, 8, 6; at. sliower 
 
 of kisses, spississima basia, Petr. ji, 
 
 I : Sen. [_A t. tunic, tunica s., PI. 
 
 Epid. 2, 2, 48 C.opp. to ralla) in a 
 
 catalogue of fashionable dresses : the 
 
 expr. toga crassa, Hor. S. i, j, 15; 
 
 pingiiis, Suet. Aug. 82, denote coarse 
 
 material, not closely tBoven."] 4, cras- 
 
 «us (gross, solid : opp. to tenuis) : in t. 
 
 and moist spots, in locis c. atque humec- 
 
 tis. Cat. R. R. 40, I : a thin atmosphere 
 
 at Athens, a t. one at Thebes, Athenis 
 
 tenue coelum, c. Tliebis, Cic. Fat. 4, 7. 
 
 5. artus (pres!:ed together within 
 narrow limits) : t.er woods, artiores 
 sUvae, Caes. B. G. 7. 18. very t. dark- 
 ness, artissimae tenebrae, Suei. Ner. 46. 
 
 6. confertus (closely packed) : in a 
 8$2 
 
 t. crowd, in conferta multiiudine. Suet. 
 Tib. 2 . never t. but scattered, nunquam 
 c. sed rari, Caes. B. G. 5, 16 ; v. ckowd- 
 ED. 7. crgber, bra, brum (usii. with 
 ref. to number, t. and lunnerou.^) : they 
 Jell to earth as t. as pears, tain crcbri ad 
 terrain accidebant quani piri, I'l. Poen. 
 2, j8 : the south-west uind t. u-itli stoiins, 
 c. procellis Africus, Virg. Aen. i, 8; ; 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 9. 8. piuguis (fat. of 
 luxuriant groivth, dense.) : very t. hair, 
 pinguissima coma. Suet. Ner. 20: i-ery 
 short t. leaves, folia brevisslma atque 
 pinguissima, Plin. 21, 9. 29 : a t. con- 
 densed atmosphere, coelum p. et con- 
 cretum, Cic. \>\v. i, 57. '3"- I'lir. : a 
 very t. wood, pluriina silva, Ov. M. 14, 
 j6i ; profunda, Lucr. 5, 41 : a t. I>eard, 
 b. opaca. Cat. 57, 19: t. skin, callum, 
 Cic. : V. SKIN : the sky is t. with dust, 
 Stat pulvere coelum, Virg. Aen. 12, 408 : 
 the t.er nature of the atmosphere, plenior 
 coeli natura, Cic. N. D. I, 6, 17. ||, 
 Applied to liquids : (i.) semi-fluid .- 
 1, crassus : very t. asses' milk, cras- 
 Sissimum lac asinae, Plin. 11, 41, 96: t. 
 blood, c. cruor, Virg. Aen. 5, 469. 2. 
 spissus: t. blood, s. sanguis, Ov. M. 11, 
 367. 3. concretus : t.er and more 
 tenacious than what is called serum. 
 concretior lentiorque quam quod serum 
 vocatur, Plin. II, 41, 96 : applied also to 
 certain states of the atmosphere, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 18,42: Div. I, 57, ijo: v. c0Rn- 
 i,ED, CONGEALED. Phr. ; a t. Sediment, 
 crassamen, Tnis, n. ; crassamentum, Col. ; 
 crassitudo, Cat. : (ii.) containing matter 
 in solution: turbidus: the Haemus t. 
 with gold, auro t. Haemus, Virg. G. 2, 
 157: Cic. Tusc. 5, ?4, 97: V. turbid, 
 MUDDT. III. Having some extent vhen 
 measured through : 1, crassus : a 
 
 t. rope, c. restis, PI. Pers. ;, 2, 34: 
 steps not t.er than 9 inrhes, gradus non 
 cnissiores dodrante, Vitr. ;, 4, 4: a 
 t. volume, c. volumen. Mart. 5, 78, 
 25 : three t. fingers, digiti c. tres. Cat. 
 R. R. 40, 4 : a weapon t. with blood, c. 
 telum sanguine, Stat. Th. 2, 659. 2. 
 callosus (prop, t.-skinned) : t. eggs, c. 
 ova, Hor. S. 2, 4, 14. 3. expr. by 
 " broad " or equiv. phr. : brick iralls 
 two or three bricks t., lateritii parieles 
 diplinthii aut triplinthii, Vitr. 2, 8, 17: 
 a wall 2; feet t., murus latus pedes 
 XXV., Hygin. Fab. 22? : if the plank fce 
 very t., si sit latissima taeda, Juv. 12, 59. 
 [N.B. — Duplex is prob. not used in this 
 sense : In Hor. Ep. i, 17, 2;, it means 
 ttvo, V. Orell. ad loc. : in Cat. R. R. 20, 
 2, It prob. refers to some peculiarly 
 made nails.] IV. C.f tlie. voice : a t. 
 utterance, obtusa vox (opp. to claiaj, 
 Quint. II, }, 15- excessively t., praepin- 
 guis, id. 1 1, ?, J2 : to render the voice t., 
 obscurare voceni, id. 11, ?, 20. 
 
 thick (subs) . expr. by an adj. ; into 
 the t. of the enemy, inedios in bostes, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, J77 : so densi liostes, id. 
 ib. 2, ;il. Pro v.: '• through t. and 
 thin," *per lutum ac paludes (Kr.). 
 
 thicken: I. To make thick: 1. 
 denso, no^., i, or denseo, no^^"., 2 (the 
 former in Liv.: Quint.: Virg.: the 
 latter in Lucr. : Hor. : Tac. : Virg. and 
 late Latin) : to t. what was just now 
 thin, d. erant rara quae modo, Virg. G. 
 I, 419: to t. milk into butter, d. lac in 
 bulyrum, Plin. 11, 41, 96. The comp. 
 condenso, 1, is to press close together. 
 2. spisso, I : to t. milk, Plin. 11, 41, 
 90 : the cornps. conspisso, inspisso, occur 
 only in the part.: t.'d soil, conspissa- 
 tuni solum, Col. 2, 18, J : flesh t.'d as in 
 v:arts, caro inspissata qtiomodo in ver- 
 rucis, Veget. Vet. 2, Jo, I. 3. crasso, 
 I : hairs are t.'d into bristles, pili oras- 
 santur in setas, App. M. j, p. 1 59 : Cael. 
 Aur. has crassif Ico, I. 4. cogo, coegi, 
 coactum, } (to condense) : to t. milk by 
 cold, c. lac frigore, Virg. G. 4, ?5 : I'lin. 
 5. obduro, I (to harden : cook's 1. 1.) • 
 Apic! : V. harden. ||. To grow thick : 
 1, expr. by some of the preced. 
 verbs in the pass, or with pron. re.fl. 
 (which is sometimes omitted) • the dark- 
 ness t.s, densantur tenebrae, Virg. G. i, 
 248 : they do not allow the roots to t.. 
 
 noil sinunt radices condensare (sc. se)i 
 Col. 2, 1 8, 6. 2. or by an incept, verb • 
 as crassesco, j ; wine t.s, crassescit vin- 
 um, Plin. 2J, I, 22: Col.: spissesco, }i 
 the cloud t.s, spissescit nnbes, Lucr. 6, 
 176: duresco, diirui, 3: Cic: Virg.: v, 
 harden • crebresco, }, is used only fig. 
 of reports or rumours. 
 
 thickening : 1. densstio : Plin. 
 i'. 7. 39. 82. 2. condensaiio : GaeL 
 Aur. 3. con-pissatio : Theod. Prise. 
 4. crassif icatio : Cael. Aur. 
 
 thicket : 1. fruticetum (also 
 
 contr. lYutectum, frQtetum, Col. : Plin.) : 
 to climb hills by grasping t.s or bushes, 
 scandere clivos f. prensando vel dumos, 
 Amm. 14. 2, 6 : Hor.Od. 3, 12, 10. Suet 
 (Hence adj. frutectosus : a tract covered 
 with t.s, f. tractus. Col. 2, 2, 11.) [N.B. 
 — Instead of the collect, subs, may be 
 used the pi. of frutex, ids, m., or even 
 the sing., as in Phaedr. i, 11, 4: v. 
 L. Gr. i 590.] 2. diimetum (a place 
 covered with brushwood) : a tomb sur- 
 rounded and overgrown iHth thorns and 
 t.s, septum et vestitum vepribus scpul- 
 crum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 64. Fig.: the 
 t.s of the Stoics (i. e. the mazes of their 
 logic), Stoicorum d., id. Acad. 2, 3;, 112. 
 3. virgulta, orum, n. pi. (brush- 
 wood, esp. young, thickly growing 
 shool^) : ensconced in the t., virgullis 
 abditus, Ov. M. 14, 349 in concealed 
 spots round about the dense tangled l.s, 
 locis circa densa obsita v. obscuri^, Liv 
 
 I, 14, ad med. (Weissenborn). 4. 
 expr. by the coll. termination -etum 
 or -turn, when a particular kind of t. is 
 meant: a willow t., salictum (cf. Ov. M. 
 
 II, ?6}) : an osier t., viminetum : a t. of 
 thorns, spinetuni, etc. : v. willow, 
 
 OSIER, THOKN, etc. 
 
 thick-headed: 1. b:irdus(rare- 
 only in ix>sit.) : he said that Sorrates 
 ivas stupid and t., stupidum essi> .Socra- 
 tem dixit el b., Cic. Fat. 5. 10: v. .■,tc- 
 PID- 2. plumbeus (feaden) : what is 
 said of a fool, a dolt, a blockhead, an 
 ass, a t. fellow, quae simt dicta in stul- 
 to, caudex, stipes, asinus, p., Ter. 
 Heaut. 5, I, 4 : Cic. Tusc. i, 29, 71. 3. 
 crassus : the t. multitude, c. turba, Mart. 
 9, 22, 2. Phr. : the foil, pa.ss. describes 
 (com..) a t. nmn : " elephanti corio cir- 
 cumtentus est, non suo, neque habet plus 
 sapientiae quam lapis," PI. Mil. 2, 2, 82. 
 
 thickish : expr. by compar. of adj. 
 (L. Gr. ^ 351), esp. with pauUo : ct. Cic. 
 de Or. I, 60, 25; : Hor. S. i, 3, 29 and 
 6?. Succnu-sus and subdensus are agree- 
 able to analogy, but are not found. 
 Subcrassulus, however, occurs in Capitol. 
 Gord. 6, I. At. voice is subsurda vox, 
 Quint. II, 3, 32 (af. non surda). Sup- 
 pinguis in Cels. 6, 4, is applied to a 
 diseased skin : " densa cutis el s." 
 
 thickly : j. closely, xvith small 
 intervals : 1, dense (very rare : it 
 usu. denotesi frequency) : alder-trees cut 
 down rather t., caesae densius alni, Plin. 
 16, 37, 67. 2. spisse (in Cic. it de- 
 notes fig. slowly) : to plant trees t., ar- 
 bores s. ponere. Col. 5, 10, 5 ; timber t. 
 compacted (i. e. close-grained), materia s. 
 solidatii, Vitr. 2, 9, 14. 3, confertim 
 (compar. confertius, Amm.); to gather 
 together t. as they fell back, c. se reci- 
 pere, Sail. J. 50- v, closely. 4. ctc- 
 bre (prop, of number, in great quantity) : 
 alder-trees t. driven in (as a founda- 
 tiem), alnus c. fixa, Vitr. 2, 9, 10 : v. 
 
 COMPACTLY : crebro is FREyUENTLY, 
 
 Phr.; that part of the city is very t. 
 inhabited, ea pars urbis frequentissime 
 habitatur, Cic. Verr. 4, 5 j, 1 19 he shoots 
 his shafts t. together, spargens hastilia 
 deiisal," Virg. Aen. it, 650: ground t. 
 overgroum with plants, solum herbis 
 colligatum, Col. 2, 18, 5. ||. To some 
 depth : crasse • to coat vessels t. with 
 pitch, vasa c. picare. Col. I2, 43, 5. |||. 
 Of the voice : expr. by the adj. : v. 
 
 THICK. 
 
 thickness; I. closeness of parts : 
 1^ densitas the t. of pa/ier, d. 
 chartae, Plin. IJ. 12, 24 (of closely- 
 woven paper) : the t. of sea-ivatn-. d. 
 humoris, id. it, 3, 2. 2. crassltuda
 
 T H I C K - S E T 
 
 THIN 
 
 THING 
 
 toisj. (very class.) : the t. of tlie atino- 
 sp/tei-e, c. aerls, Cic. Div. i, 42, 9J: Vitr. 
 1, i> 9 (spis--;' c.) • crassilies aud cra>- 
 sitas occur in App. M. •;, p. 189, er(r., 
 aijd id. de mundo, 65. 3. spiBsuudu, 
 Inis /. : the t. of the atmosphere, 8. aeris 
 crassi, Sen. N. Q. 2, Jo, 4 = spissitas is 
 used of the close wood of the oak in 
 Vitr. 2, 9, 8. 4. crebrilas (t. i" 
 
 number) : the t. of the woods, c. sil- 
 varum, Vitr. 8, i, •). 5. frfiqucntla • 
 the t of tht atmosphert, f. coell, 
 Vitr. 9. 9 (8). }. II. <if liquids: 
 consistency : 1. crasslludo, inis, 
 
 /. : riin. 28, 12, 5°. o*^ /"'• g. 
 
 spissitudo, Inis, /. : Scrib. Comp. 3. 
 densiUis may lie used, as in Plin. J5. i5. 
 51, limus in d. colt; strictly, however, 
 it denotes density rather than consist- 
 ency: sec examples under No. 1. |||. 
 Dimension, extent through: 1. cras- 
 sltudo, inis,/. : the t. of imlU, c. pai ie- 
 tum, Caes. B. C. 2. 8 ; the t. of the thigh, 
 c. feminis, id. B. G. •), -j) : the t. of an 
 arm, c. bracbialis. Plin. 17, n, 27 : very 
 freq. in V'^itr. 2. plenitiido, Inis,/. : a 
 rod of moderate t., perlica modicae 
 plenit'udinis, Col. 4, }o, 4; I'lin. 3. 
 sClldltas • the t. of a tree, s. arboris. 
 Pall ?, 17. ?• 4. densltas, in the 
 expr. d!chartae, Plin. 13, T2, 24. is piop. 
 the close texture of the paper, but im- 
 plies of course a certain extent of t. : 
 hence it may be used in this and similar 
 phr. IV. '/ speech : expr. by the 
 aJj. : V. THICK, No. IV. 
 
 thick-set : I. Closdy planted: 
 expi-. by densus. condensus: bodies t. 
 with bristles, corpora sells densissima, 
 Ov M. I?, 846: an olive-garden t. utth 
 trees, olivetum crebris arboiilius con- 
 densum. Auct B. Afr. 50 with I. hedges 
 intervening, sepibus densissimis iuter- 
 jectis. Caes. B. G. 2, 22. ||. Com- 
 
 pactly built: 1. compacius: he 
 
 was square-built, wUh t. strong Unibs, 
 statura fuit quadrata, compactis tir- 
 misquc membris. Suet. Vesp. 20 ; of a 
 t. sturdy frame, compacto corpore et 
 robusto, Plin. Ep. 1, 24. 2. com- 
 pacttlis •. Pliii. 8, 16, 18. 3. quadratus : 
 young, t. oxen, boves novelli, q., Col. 6, 
 I, J: V. Ni. I and plump. Phr.; a 
 t'. woman, gemina (femina), Lucr. 4, 
 1 161 (oi. Simula). . 
 
 skinned: I. Litj cal- 
 
 losus : Cels. 6, J : v. callous : to become 
 t, ocrallesoj, lui, }. ||. Fig.: expr. 
 by plir. with callum, etc; / am now 
 quite t; jam prorsus occallui, Cic. Att. 2, 
 iZ,extr.: v C.4LLOUS, indifferent. 
 
 veined ; crassSvenius : the t. 
 
 maple, c. accr. Plin. 10, 1 5. 26. 
 
 thief; I '-'"« "'"' steals: 1. 
 flu:, furl's, coinm : to raise a hue and 
 cry after a t. cl:inmre f., Ilor. Ep. 
 I. 16, ;6: stop t.: prehende f.! Petr. 
 138. ?: common t.s siitnd their days in 
 prison and in chains, slate t^ in gold 
 and purple, f. privalonim furtorum in 
 nervo atqne in compcdilius aeUvtem 
 agunt, f. pubiici in aiiro atque in pur- 
 pura, Cato in Cell. 11, 18, ad fin. : a 
 most ignorant t. of the antiquated 
 woi-ds of Cato, priscorum Catonis ver- 
 Iwrum f. ineruditissimus. Suet. Gram. 
 15 : a band of t.s, furummanipulus, Ter. 
 Eun. 4, '1, 6 (pcrh. globus would be the 
 belter expr. in gen. ; cf. Tac. A. 12, 54) ; 
 V PLAOIAHIST. Dimin.: furunculus (a 
 petty t.) : Cic. Pis. 27. 66. 2. furator : 
 Tert. 3. trifur (an out and out t.) : Pi. 
 Aul. 4,4,6. 4. clepta (icAe'7rr>)!) : Pi. 
 True. I, 2, 9. 5. harpago: PI. Trin. 
 2, T, 15 (!■])• Pbr.: a t., homo trium 
 li'terarum, PI. Aul. 2. 4, 46 {com. : i. e. 
 fur): o den of t.s. perh. funim recep- 
 tator et occultator locus, after Cic. Mil. 
 19. 50 ; spelunca latromim, Vulg. Matt, 
 xxl. I ? ; spoliarium, Sen. Plin. v. 
 kobbkr: "honour among t/iiei'<'.'!,"perh. 
 canis caninam non est, Prov. in Varr. 
 \j. L. -J, ?, 87 : the god of t.s. furatrinus 
 deus, Kulsent. Mythol. i, 18 (of Mer- 
 cury) a market-place full of t.s. not of 
 cooks, non ct)quinum, verum furinum 
 forum, I'l. Ps. i. 2. 2. II. An excrescence 
 inacaiidie: fungus- Virg. G. i, J92. 
 
 thieve: furor, i v. steal, filch. 
 
 thieving: fiiratrina. sktU in t., 
 funiti iiiae artificium. App. M. 10, p. 245 : 
 furatlo is of doubtful auUiority : v. 
 
 THKFT. 
 
 thievish: 1. fprax, acis: CI t. 
 
 slave, f. servus. Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 248. 
 2. liigiiS,ac\A {I ighl-fngeied): Cic 
 All. o". J, I (Ernesti has x'lg.ax). 3. 
 furtincus. t. hands, f. nianus, PI. Ps. 
 }, 2, 97. 4. t. Iiandt may be expr. 
 c'mn by milvinae, aquilinae, ungulae, 
 in. Ps. J, 2, 6? : sent4-s (^thorns which 
 drag away whatever they touch), id. 
 Cas } 6 1 (q. v.) : piceata niauus(pitc/i.'/, 
 sticlni hands). Mart. 8. 59- 4 (wbere 
 Schneidewin has pij^rata). 
 
 thievishly: turiiclter, Cic. Vatin. 5. 
 12 (furiitii, furto, means stealthily). 
 
 thievishness : furaciias: Piin. 10, 
 29, 41 (siiid of the Jackdaw). 
 
 thigh: femur, oris or inis. n. (no 
 nom. temeii occurs, thoufth mention. .1 
 by Serv. and Prise): to cluife the t.s bn 
 riding, femora atterere equitatu, Plin. 
 28, 15, 61 : to slap the t. (by way of em- 
 phasis), f. percut«re, Cic. Brut. 80, 278 : 
 the t.-bones, femina, Cels. 8, 1. ad fni. : 
 more exactly, the t.-bone is os lemons, 
 id. ib. [N.B.— There seems no suBicieiii 
 ground for the distinction of feminis, etc., 
 as the outer t., from femoris the tnn«i- 1.] 
 thill: temo: v. shaft. 
 thimble: no equiv.: digitale or 
 digitabulum in Varr. is a Jinger-stall 
 or half -glare fur picking olives : *muni- 
 mentiim ab acus injuriis digitos tueiis 
 (Kr.). 
 
 thimbleful: guttula (a little drop): 
 PI. Epid. 4. I. 27 (}i): do not drink a t. 
 the less, baud Untillo minus potate, id. 
 Most. 2, I, 47. 
 
 rigger: praestigiator (one who 
 
 deceives by juggling tricks) : Sen. : PI. : 
 
 v. JDUGLER. 
 
 thin (subs.): "thick and t.": v. 
 
 THICK (sute.). 
 
 thin (a<y-)-- I- f'a'-ing I'ttle 
 
 density: 1. tgnuis (oil. dissyll. in 
 poet.): a t. atmosphere, t. coelum (opp. 
 10 crassum), Cic Fat. 4, 7 • <■ Jteecy 
 clouds, t, lanae vellera, Virg. G. i, 397 
 (cf. inania nubila, id. ib. 4, 196). 2. 
 rarus {not close): t. air, r. aer, Lucr. 2, 
 107 : t. hair, r. coma, Ov. Am. 1,8, ill: 
 the t.erpart of the looois, rariores silvae, 
 Tac. Agr. 37 : t. ranks, r. ordines, Liv. 
 9, 27, ad med. : a t. goivn, tunica r., Ov. 
 Am. 1,5, n (but r. vestis, in Cat. 69, ?, 
 is rare, coslh/). Hence, rallus. PI. Epid. 
 2, 2, 46. P b r. : a t. senate, infrequens 
 senatus, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10 (12). i : " scat- 
 ters the rear of darlcness t.," (Mil- 
 ton), perh. expr. by laxare tenebras, 
 after Stat. Th. 12, 254- II. JIaviug 
 little thickness, in dimension : 1. 
 tenuis (see No. 1): a t. needle, t. acus, 
 Ov. Am. J, 7, JO : a long t. neck, procer- 
 um et t. coUum, Cic. Bnit. 91 , J U : at. 
 toaa, t. toga, Hor. Ep. i, 14, 32: a «. line 
 of march, I. agmen, Liv. 25, 2 J, ad fin. : 
 a very t. leaf, praelenue folium, Plin. 
 16, Ji, 56: who also has pertenuis, 18. 
 6, 7, No. 2. 2. gracilis (slim) : t. 
 legs, g. crura, Suet. Ner. 51 : a t. pom- 
 pkld, g. libellus. Mart. 1 3, J, i : <■ ("e- 
 fine) hair, g. comae, Ov. Am. i, 14, 23 : 
 a very t. stalk, pirgracilis canlis, Plin. 
 25, 13, loi : veri/ t., praegiacilis, I'ac A. 
 4, 57- Fig.: t. vintages, g. vhidemiae, 
 Plin. Ep. 9, 20 : v. p(k)B, scanty. 3. 
 e.xilis (meagre): a t. thigh, e. femur, 
 Hor. Epod. 8. to: a t., small, shrivelled 
 heart, e. et exiguum et vietum cor, Cic. 
 Div. 2, 16, 37 : vern t., perexilis, Col. II, 
 2, 60. K i g. o t. soil. e. solum, Cic Agr. 
 2" 25 6-1 4 macer, era, crura, v. 
 lean'. ■ 5. suiDtilis (fine-spun): at. 
 thread, s. lilura, Lucr. 4, 86 • the t. edge 
 of Uie sirord, s. acies ferri, Sen. Ep. 76, 
 14- Caiul. 64. 63. 6. Ifvldensis: a 
 t. garment, 1. vestis, Isid. Orig. 19, 22: 
 fig. in Cic of a trifling gifL Ph r. ; a 
 decree uas passed against Ih^ Homans, 
 under a t. disquise of words, decretum 
 sub lev! verborum praetextu advci>ns 
 Romanos liutiiin est, Liv. j6, 6: a nry 
 t. man, h..ino vegraiide macie torrid- 
 
 U8, Cic Agr. 2, 34. 9t : «•<»"» '•■ aiintus; 
 V. WORN. III. of liquids: 1. ten- 
 uis: t. wine, U vlnum, Plin. 14. 6, 8, 
 S^ 63. 2. dilatus: a I. drifk. d. polio, 
 C/eU. I, 3 : v. DiLtTTEO. It is also applied 
 lo the mixing of colours. |V "/ 
 sounds: 1. exilis: a (. roice, c vox 
 (opp. to plenus). Quint. 11 . 3.15 where- 
 as exiguus expr. a small volume of 
 sound. 2. tenuis : a t. sharp roice. u 
 ft acuta vox, id. 11, t, 42: praetenuiN 
 id. II, 3,41. 3. pusillus: a I. vue. p. 
 vox, id. 11, 3. >2. 4. dfduclus; 
 
 o t. voice, d. vox, LuciL : Afran. 
 
 thin (»•) ■• I. ^ render lest daue 
 or numerous: 1. tfnuo, I. the tun 
 t.s the thick alvujgphere. sol aera >pii" 
 sum tenuat. Sen. N. y. 5, 3. 3 v. rabk- 
 fy: to (. the eyebrous, fuilixbrarnm 
 crassiludinem U, id. Ep. 64, 8 Ov. 2. 
 atienuo, i (more Uc<\. in pro^e tliaii 
 preced.): a legion l.'d by battles, legio 
 proelils attenuaUi, Caes. B. C. 3. 89: 
 Catul. 64, 41 : V. DIMINISH. 3. *'^- 
 tenuo, 1 : Cic. N. L). 2, 59. lo« (of tb« 
 air). 4. intervello, vulsi. vulsnm, 3 
 (to t. by plucking out here and there) : 
 to t. the beard, i. barliam. Sen. Ep 114, 
 21 : Col. 5, 10, 5. 5. inlerlego. Ifigi, 
 ledum, 3 (syii. "f preced.): Virg. G. 2. 
 366. 6. "-xpr. by t. t. for t.ing trees : 
 collucare, Cat. K. K. 139; interlucare, 
 Pliu. 17, 23, 35, i 214; sublucare, Fesl. 
 Phr.: 'to t. the hair, mitigare pilos, Plin. 
 35, 6, 19. II. To render less thick, in 
 dimensiim : 1. iCnuo, i : the plough- 
 share is t.'d by use, vomer tenuaiur ab 
 usu, Ov. Poni. 2, 7, 43: V. wear away. 
 2. attcnuo, I : to t. the hands oj a 
 statue, a. inanus signi, Lucr, i, 317 ('^y 
 touching). 3. extSnuo, i to t. icood 
 with a pruning-knife (i. e. pare it), lig- 
 num falce e., Varr. K. 11. i, 40, 6. 
 
 , grow : I. ''o become leu 
 
 dense : 1. raresco. 3 : Uie wool of 
 (luadritpeds grows t., quadrupedibus 
 lanae rarescuiit, I'iin. 11, 19.94. ad fin.: 
 the clouds grow t., rarescunt nubila, Lucr. 
 6, 214. 2. rarefio. Lucr. i, 648 (opp. 
 lo denseri). ||. '''° l^co"*^ '«* '" 
 dimension: gracllesco, 3 v. tapkk: 
 macresco, 3 v. Guow lean : so. r<>- 
 maciesco, crui, 3 (to grn^r t. agam). 
 Suet. Don). 18 ; tfimiesco only occurs in 
 part. , applied by Censorin. to the wan- 
 ing moon, 
 thine: tuus: v. thy. 
 thing: \. Any olyect of thought : 
 1. res, rei (connect, with re^.r. / 
 think,' hence the most exacl and gen. 
 equiv. ol t.): the life of living creatures 
 is maintained by three ts, tribu.~ rebus 
 animantium vita tenelur, Cic N. D. 2, 
 54. 1 54 boys rapidli/pick up innumer- 
 able things, pueri ceieriU-r r. iiinumem- 
 biies arripiunl, id. Sen. 21, 78 : the nature 
 of t.s, rerum natura, id.: Lucr.: tjt 
 cannot be worse, pejore r. luco non potest 
 esse, Ter. Ad. 3. 2. 46 (.obserTe the 
 sing.) : t.s /ooAr.d very like bngandayr. 
 r. proxime formam latnciiiii vonerai, 
 Liv. 2, 48. 2. expr. not less fn q. by 
 the neut. gend. : see Lat. Gr. \V 3:9= •' 
 is one t. to write to a Jrieiid, another lo 
 vrite for the public, aliud est aiutc. 
 aliud omnibus scriUre, Plin. Ep. 6 16. 
 extr. : but enough of these t.s, sed haeo 
 hactenus, Cic Kam. 3. 10. n. 3. "•>«- 
 5tlum (Inmness, matter): »n how Jew 
 wonts do theu Uiink the t. settled', quam 
 paucis verbis n. coufectum puiant, Cic 
 Ulv. 2, 49. 103. 4. nalu""-' ("'W"'. 
 substance) : he doubts what that J. may 
 be, dubitat quae sit ea n., Cic N. D. 2. 
 35 8q rN.B.— Eus, entis, fi.. Is a phtl. 
 t oUhcschiHilmen.} IMir. ai.J inmnn 
 « a faithless t.. nee liduiu femina nonieii 
 Tib 3 4, 61 : how is an evd age an enl 
 t fin- the back, ul aetas mala maU men 
 est tergo, PI. Men. $.!,(>: as tj go. ut 
 nunc est, Hor. S. 1,9. 5 '"^ "»"f' '^- 
 commodate ourselves to the marrxofie oJ 
 that poor t., Ulius miscllae matnmonio 
 servieiiilum est, Cic. Vam. 14, 4, 3. II. 
 In I,/ • goods, moreabks : 1. res, re- 
 rum (pl.): Cic: Hor.: v. propertv. 
 ' oixips. iHmin. : resciila • beggarly 
 ! raoged tj, paupertinae pannosaeque r.,
 
 THINK 
 
 THrNKTNG 
 
 THIRD 
 
 App- -M. 4, p. 147, «!''''■• 2. sarcina 
 {package : used in pi.) i vjitb a great 
 part of her t.s, cum magna sarcinarum 
 parte, Petr. 1 14, 7. Dimin. : sarcinula : 
 pocfc up your t.s. coUige sarcinulas, Juv. 
 6, 146. 3. expr. by the neut. pi. : 
 lie removes his Irampvy t.s, frivola 
 transfert, Juv. j, 198. 
 
 think: I. 'Jo have ideas in the 
 mind : cogito, I : to a learned and 
 educated man to live is to t, docto ho- 
 mini ct erudito vivere est c, Cic. Tusc. 
 5, }8, III. Phr. : 7nan, born to t. and 
 act, homo ad intelligendum et ad agend- 
 um natus, id. Fin. 2, n.40 : tot. aright, 
 niente recte uti, id. Tusc. 5, 35, ico ; if 
 any one t.s whilst journeying or walk- 
 ing, i-\ quis in itinera aut in ambulatione 
 secum ipse meditetur, Cic. Off. i, 40, 
 144: V. thought: in exclamations it is 
 expr. by an infin. : to t. that this sun 
 has risen so unpropitiously for me '. 
 hunccine solem tam nigrum surrexisse 
 mihi, Hor. S. i, 9, 72 : Lat. Gr. $ 516. 
 11, To enteiiain an opinion : 1. 
 aibitror, 1 (in Cic. someames as pass. .- 
 see Verr. 5, 41, 106. Zunipt : prop, a leg. 
 1 1. of giving evidence: to believe) : 1 1. 
 to, we do not know for certain, a., certum 
 ■^nim non scimus, Ter. Eun. i, 2, ;o: to 
 t. that the war could be quickly Jlnislied, 
 a. id bellum celeriter confici posse, Caes. 
 B. G. J, 28. 2. existimo, i : (prop. <o 
 judge of the value of any thing) : I 
 quite t. so, ita prorsus e.. Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 
 14: the system is thought to have been 
 brought over into Gaul, disciplina in 
 Galliam translata esse exislimatur,Caes. 
 B. G. 6, I J : to t. badli/ of any one, male 
 de aliquo e., Cic. Off. 2, 10, j& : to t. 
 kindly of, amabiliter in aliquem e., 
 Anton, in Cic. An. 14, ij. 3. pito, 
 I (prop, to form an opinion after due 
 examination : in Ov. and the later poets 
 olten piito, e. g. Ov. Am. j, 7,2): do you 
 t. ihat I say these things in jest f jocari 
 me putas? Cic. Att. 16, 5, ad fin. : you 
 used to t. that my trijlts were something, 
 tu sulebas meas esse aliquid p. nugas, 
 Catul. I, J. 4, reor, ratus, 2 (the 
 word belongs to jwet. and the high style, 
 Cic. de Or. j, J8, 15}) : do you t. that he 
 became mad after killing his mother? 
 an tu reris eum occisa insanisse parente? 
 Hor. S. 2, J, I J4 ; / find them to be more 
 numerous than I thought, plures quam 
 lebar esse cognovi, Cic. liiv. 2, 2, 5. 
 5. opinor, l (Cic. makes the same 
 remark as on the preced., 1. c.) from 
 the first rise of living creatures, as 1 1., 
 a primo, ut o., animantium ortu, Cic. Fin. 
 2, 10, Jl : to t. ill of Cat'sar, male o. de 
 Caesare, Suet. Aug. 51. 6. cen.seo, 2 
 (prop, of a formal expr. of opinimi) : 
 / t. ?«« must lise and retire to rest, sur- 
 gendum c. et requiescendum, Cic. de Or. 
 2, 93, 367 : V. JUDGE. 7. diico, xi, 
 ctum, } (account, consider) : to t. any- 
 thing of little moment, parvi d. aliquid, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24 : they t. nothing right 
 but what seems good in their eyes, nil 
 rectum nisi quod placuit sibi ducunt, 
 
 Hor. Ep. 2, I, 8 J v. RRGARD, HOLD, 
 
 CONSIDEB. 8. credo, didi, ditum, j : 
 V. believe: it is often used ironically. 
 9. sentio, si, sum, 4 (to feel) : fo t. 
 one thing and speak another, aliud s., 
 aliud loqui, Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 21 : if you 
 were in my place you would t. differ- 
 ently, tu si hie sis aliter sentias, i'er. 
 Andr. 2, i, 10: to t. wonderfully well of 
 any one, mirabiliter de aliquo s., Cic. 
 Fam. 4, I ;, 5 : v. feel, be of opinion. 
 10. suspicor, I (surmise): I thought 
 my book would please you, placiturum 
 tibi esse librum meum suspicabar, Cic. 
 Q. Fr. 2, 7, I (2, 9, I). Ill, The oiat. 
 obliq. may sometimes expr. the verb to 
 t., esp. in histor. style : cf. Lat. Gr. } 466, 
 Obs. Phr.: as I t., mea senteiitia, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 2}, 95 : v. opinion : / 
 (. quite differently, longe mihi alia 
 mens est, Sail. Cat. 52, ad init. : the 
 multitude being in confusion through 
 not knowing what to t. of the deed, 
 tumultuans multitude incerta existima- 
 tione facti, Li v. 4, 15. cui init.: quicker 
 than was thought, opinione celerius, 
 85i 
 
 Cic. Fam. 14, 2; : / t. that I have often 
 fieard, saepe mihi videur audisse, id. 
 N. I). I, 21, 58: / would not venture to 
 lorite it unless I'anaetius thought so too, 
 scribere id non auderem nisi idem pla- 
 ceret Patiaeiio, id. Off. 2, 14, 51 : to t. 
 m^re highly if, pUnis facere, id. Fam. 
 J, 4, 2: V. \ Ai.uE, i-sTEicM : they thought 
 that the last night teas come upon the 
 universe, novissimani illam noctem 
 mundo interprelabantur, Plin. Ep. 6, 20. 
 think about, of, over : I. To dwell 
 upon in thought : 1. cogito, 1 (constr. 
 with ace. or abl. with de) : whether I t. 
 over any matter, or write or read any- 
 thing, sive quid mecum ipse c. sive quid 
 aut scribo aut lego, Cic. Leg. 2, i, I : to 
 t. of nothing but rocks and mountains, 
 nil nisi saxa et montes c, id. ib. 2,1,2: 
 to t. very often of our common miseries, 
 persaepe c. de communibus miseriis, id. 
 i Fam. 7, J, I : V. coN.siuEB, ueflect : to 
 t. over earnestly, toto pectore, animo c, id. 
 Att. i{, 12, exir. ; Fam. 1,7,?: excogito, 
 I, is to find out some expedient by t.ing, 
 id. Att. 9, 6 : V. devise. 2. reputo, 
 1 : to t. over again and again, etiani 
 atque etiam r., PI. Trin. j, 2, 48. Join: 
 r. et cogitate, Cic. Deiot. ij, j8. 3. 
 piito, I (less freq. than preced.): whiUi 
 t.ivg of these things I passu! by the 
 house unawares, dum haec puto prae- 
 terii imprudeiis viUam, Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 
 4: Cic. 4. medlior, i (constr. with 
 ace. : rarely de) : v. MEurTATE 5. 
 commentor, i (to t. over thoroughly: 
 constr. w ith ace. or de) : to t. over one's 
 coming miseries, futuras secum c. mis- 
 erias, Cic. Tusc. j. 14, 29 (poet.) : Brut. 
 88, joi. 6. verso, i . also volvo, }, 
 
 VOlUtO, i: V. TURN OVER, PONDER. 7. 
 
 agito, I (usu. with mente, animo: also 
 with ace. or abl. with de) : tot. of war, a. 
 in animo bellum, Liv. 21, 2 ; de bello a., 
 Tac. H. 2, 1 : A« hat ru/thing else to t. of, 
 habet nihil aliud quod agitet in mente, 
 Cic. N. It. I, 41, 114. Join: a. et cogi- 
 tare, id. Fontei. 6, 12. 8. penslto, i 
 (constr. with ace. or abl. with de) : to t. 
 gloomily over anything, aliquid moro- 
 sissime p.. Suet. Aug. 66 ; Liv. : Gell. 
 9. rgcordor, 1 : v. kkmemuer. 10. 
 prospicio. spi-xi, speclum, j : v. take 
 CARE OF. Phr.: to t. of anything, 
 cogitationem suscipere de aliqua re, 
 Caes. in Cic. Att. 9, 7, C : / perceive 
 rvhat he is t.ing of, quo aiiimum in- 
 tendat perspicio, Cic. Verr. Act. i, }, 10 : 
 to t. of tlie calamities of states, civita- 
 tum calamilates animo colligo, id. Inv. 
 I, I, I : ca7i what I am t.ing of be ac- 
 complished f fierine potest quod ego 
 mente concipio.'' Liv. i, j6: t. in your 
 mind of that which you cannot see with 
 your eyrs, animo contemplare quod 
 oculis non poles. Cic. Deiut. 14, 40 : / 
 am wont to t. of that time, solet mihi in 
 mentem venire illius teniporis, id. Fam. 
 7, J, I : cf. Lat. Gr. ^ 278, <>bs. 5 : / have 
 never thought of you as other than you 
 are, niinquam te aliter atque es induxi 
 in aninium meum, Ter. Ad. 4, j, 6: he 
 thought of a plan which appeared rash 
 at Inst >^iglit, ad consilium prima specie 
 temerariiim aiiimum adjecit, Liv. 25, 37, 
 ad fin. : V. BETHINK ONESELF : he thought 
 of his oum advancement rather than the 
 jvelfare of the state, ad suuni magis ille 
 commodum quara ad salutem rei pub- 
 licae spectabat, Cic. Sest. 16, 37. ||. 
 'I'o be bent up-^ : 1. cogito, I (with 
 foil, inf.) : he who t.s of harming an- 
 other, IS qui nocere alteri cogitat, Cic. 
 
 Off. I, 7, 24: V. INTEND, DESICN. PUR- 
 POSE. 2. meditor, i : v. meditate, IL 
 Phr.: as I am t.ing of doing, ut mihi 
 est in animo facere, Cic. N. I). 2, 7, 20 : 
 he thought of disinheriting him, istum 
 exheredare in animo habuit, id. Rose. 
 Am. 18, 52. j 
 
 thinker : no exact equiv. : in Cic. 
 the word philosophus is freq. used in a 
 sense not tar from that of the Kng. : also, 
 intt'lligendi gravissimus auctor, Cic. Or. 
 J, 10: a severe t., *cogitandi severitati 
 assuetr.s (Kr.) : expr. therefore by a verb 
 or phr.: V. speculator, philosopher. 
 
 thinking (part, and adj.): cogita- 
 
 bundus (wrapt in thinight) : v. meditA- 
 tfve: the t. powtrs, mens. Sail. C. 15? 
 a t. being, mens, Cic. N. D. 2, 5, i;: 
 nothing is so foreign to a t. man, nihil 
 a sapiente tam alieiium e-t, id. Acad. 2, 
 4 J, 1J2: it is the chuiait<iistic of a 
 teamed and t. man, ducti el tnteili- 
 gentis viri est, id. Fin. 3, 5, 19 
 
 thinking (subs.) : expr. by verb : v. 
 also THOUGHT: manner 0/ J. = cogitatio 
 in Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 17 : cogitamen occors 
 in Tert. 
 
 thinly: j. Not densely: rare: to 
 sow t, r. conserere, Col. 2, 9, 6. Pbr. : 
 / am rather t. clad, levins vestio, App. 
 Apol. p. 287 : cities very t. inhabited, 
 urines pene desertae, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, i, 8, 
 } 25- II. Mot thickly, in respect of 
 dimensim : 1. tgnuiter : leather t. 
 prepared, alutae t. confectae, Caes. B. G. 
 3, 13 : tenuatim occi*-s in Apic. 2. 
 gracUIter : v. slenderly. (Exiliter is 
 only found fig. in Cic. : poorly, meagrely.') 
 
 thinness : j. ^Vant of density : 
 
 I. tenuitas: its t. is such that it 
 evades the sight, tanta est ejus t. ut 
 fugiat aciem, Cic. Tusc. i, 22, 50. 2. 
 raritas: t. of tht liair, x. capillorum'. 
 Suet. 0th. 12. Phr.: the t. of tht 
 legion, paucitas legionis, Caes. B. G. 3, 2 : 
 so, infrequentia senatus, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2- 
 
 II. Want of thickness, in dimension i 
 1. tenuitas : if only the health be 
 
 good. t. itself is pleasing, valetudo modo 
 buna sit t. ipsa delectat, Cic. Brut. 16, 
 64: tite t. of paper, t. chartae, Plin. 13, 
 
 12, 24 (where it is opp. to densitas, and 
 expr. primarily the thin texture of the 
 paper). 2. gracllitas (thinness): ex- 
 ceeding t. and weakness of body, summ^ 
 g. et intirmitas corporis, Cic. Brut. 91 
 313 : Suet. Cal. 50 ; v. slenderness. 
 
 3. exilitas : the t. of the sling of 
 bees, e. aculei apum, Plin. 11, 2, 1. 
 Fig.; ol the soil. Col. 4. macies, 
 ei: V. LEANNESS: also of the soil. Col. : 
 v. POORNESS. 5. subtilitas (fin«- 
 
 nets): the t. of lines, s. linearum, Plin- 
 i5> io> i6, ^ 82. III. Of liquids: te- 
 nuitas : the t. of uHne, t. vini, Plin. 14, 
 6, 8, ^ 64 : the t. of the blood, t. sanguinis, 
 id. ib. II, 39, 92- IV. Of the voice: 
 exilitas : the t. of the female voice, e. 
 femininae vocis, yuint. i, 11, i. 
 
 thinning (subs.): of vines, exte- 
 nuatio, Plin. 17, 26, 39 : pampinatlo, id. 
 17, I, I : more gen., of trees, etc., inter- 
 lucatio, id. 17, 27, 45 : attenuatio (used 
 fig. in Cic.) is used in M. L. for the t. of 
 
 a fluid : V. DILUTION. 
 
 thinnish : 1. subtfinuis ; t. bristles, 
 s. setae, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 5. 2. nia- 
 cellus (rather lean) : Lucil. 
 
 thin-skinned : "i fig. .sense, v. sen- 
 siTi\ E : the t. race of poets, genus ini- 
 tabile vatum. Hor. Lp. 2, 2, 102. 
 
 third "^adj.) : tertius : there is no t. 
 couvfc, nihil est t., Cic. Fam, 9, 22, i : on 
 the t. day of the Saturnalia, t. Saturna- 
 libus, id. Att. ;, 20, 5 : of descent : ^jax, 
 t. from -Jove, ab Juve t. Ajax. Ov. M. 
 
 13, 28 : the t. (i. e. lowest, infei-naV) 
 realm, t.regna, id. Fast. 4, 584: the t. 
 story, t. tabulata, Juv. 3. 199 ; t. stories, 
 tristega, Vulg. Gen. vi. 16 : ^0 play the t. 
 part, tertiarum partium esse, Cic. Div. in 
 Caecil. 15, 48 : for the t. time, tertium : 
 in the t. place, tertio: but the distinction 
 between these forms was not kept up 
 (v. GelL 10, i): so tertio = o t. time, 
 Cic. Deiot. 5, 14: beUmging to the t 
 legion, tertianus, Tac. A. 13, 38: v. 
 TERTIAN : to plough fields the t. time, 
 tertiaie agios. Col. 2, 4, 8 ; fu?icti(maries 
 of the t. class, tertiocerii. Cod. Just 
 
 third (subs.): I. Mathematical: 
 1. tenia pars, Catul. 62, 63 : also 
 tertiae (pi), without pars, Plin. 33, 9, 
 46. 2. triens, ntis, to. (strictly a divi- 
 sion of the as) : used in such phr. as, 
 heir to a t, heres ex triente, Suet. Aug. 
 loi (where also is ex parte tertia) 
 joint-heirs to a t., cohcredes ex t., 
 Cic. Att. 7, 8. 3. leaves one-t. of a 
 foot long, trientalia folia. Plin. 27, 5, 17; 
 tin alloyed ivith two-t.s of lead, tertia- 
 rium stannum, id. 34, 17, 48. ||. In 
 music. tritemSria, Mart. Cap. 9, 315-
 
 THIRD ESTATE 
 
 THISTLE 
 
 THORN BRAKE 
 
 more exactly : 1. a majnr t., *di- 
 toiius (iiToi-o?) ; tertia perlecta, major 
 (Kirchcr, Musurg. Univ. vdl. i. p. 97). 
 2. a miniir t., triliennt6iiiiiiii 
 (rpiritJiiTovKii'). HvRin. de l,in)it. p. 177, 
 ed. Goes. : • t. inipirt'-cU, minor. 
 
 third estate : 'pleix'ius ordo (Mil- 
 ton), pk'bs: V. COMMONALTY. 
 
 thirdly : tertio : Caes. B. C. }, 4} ■ 
 
 Cf. FOiJKIHLV. 
 
 thirst (.subs.) : sitis, is, /. (ace. -im, 
 obi -i;. 1-it. great t., nia!;na s.. Cels. 
 }, 6 : prolonged (., diuturna s.. Clc. S^n. 
 
 8, 26: pavchinij t., arida 8., Lncr. j, 91; 
 (al. arlda torrcs) : fiery t., ignea s., Virg. 
 G. }, 48?: furious t., irata a., Prop. 4, 
 
 9, 62 : to cause t., s. facere. Flin. 20, 5. 
 20; Kignere, id. 20, 6, 2?, ertr. , afferre. 
 2i, 7, 6}, ^ 121 : to bi-ing mi t., 8. ad- 
 duccre, H'lr. Od. 4, 12, ij; colligere, 
 Virg. G. J, J27 ; to keep off t., s. arcorp, 
 Plin. 20, 20, 81 : t. seizes auy one, s. \irget 
 (aliquem), Ols j, 6 : camels support t. 
 for Jour dai/s, s. tolerant quatriduo ca- 
 meU, Plin. 8. 1 8. 26 : t. parches the tin oat, 
 s. urit faucfs, H<ir. S. I. 2. 114; torret 
 era. Prop. 4, 9, 21 the Ikniat is dry v'itk 
 ^. ardent siti lances. Liv. 44, }8: t. burns 
 vp the utetched men, s. exuril nii- 
 seros, Liicr. j, 91;: beside themselves 
 u-ith t., ol> sitini nnpotentes sui, Curt. 4, 
 ■J, 14 : to remove t., s. toUere, CVls. i, j ; 
 depellere, Cic. Fin. i, 11. )7 ; pellere, 
 Hor. Od. 2, 2, 14 : to quench t., s. ex- 
 ftinguere, Ov. M. 7, 569 ; restingnere, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, }, 9; conipescere. Ov. M. 4, 
 102; sedare, Lucr. 2. 664; ablucrc, id. 
 4, 874; explore, satiare, Cic. Parad. i, i ; 
 reprimere, Curt. 7, 5, 7: to slake one's t. 
 at a fountain, s. de lonte levare, Ov. M. 
 15, J22 : to appease one' s t., s. placare, 
 Mart. 1, 49, 17 ; to die of t.. siti mori, Liv. 
 4, }o; enecarl, poet, in Cic. I'usc. 1,5, n. 
 Fig.: at. for liberty, s. libertatis, Cic. 
 Rep. i,4{ : a t.for hearing, s. audiendi, 
 yuint. 6, i, 19 . a tormrnting t. for 
 wealth, argenti 8. importuna, Hor. Kp. 
 I, 18, 2J: so great is the t. fm- our blood, 
 tanta sanguinis nostri hauriendi est ^., 
 Liv. 26, IJ. The same gen, sense may 
 be Hxpr. by cupidita,s, libido (stronger 
 than preced.), or by lames (poet.), v. uk- 
 8IRK, PASSION, LONi;iNG. P li r. : hunger 
 and t., laticum Irugunique cupido, l^ucr. 
 4, 1085 : to produce t.. desiderium hu- 
 moris accendere, Curt. 7, ;, 7. 
 
 thirst ("•) •" 1. sitio, ivi or ii, 4 
 (both lit. and fig.): lent meti should t., 
 lie bomines sitirerit, Suet. Aug. 42 : the 
 fields I., sitiuMt agri, Cic. Or. 24. 81 (a 
 rustic e.\pr. ace. to him: also freq. in 
 poet, as Ov. F. 4, 940). 2. aieo, 2 {to 
 bi parched mith I): Tavtidiis t.s in the 
 m 'iit if nater, Tantalus in media aret 
 aq la, Ov. A. A. 2, 6c6 : the field t.s, arei 
 8g r, Virg. K. 7, 57 : v. To bk dry, 
 
 tARCHKI). 
 
 after, for : sitio, ivi or ii, 4 
 
 (both lit. and fig.) : the more water is 
 drunk, the more is t.'d oft^r, quo jilus 
 Hunt potae plus sitiuntur ai|uae, Ov. F. i, 
 216: tot. for liberty, s. lilierUitem, Cic. 
 Rep. I, 4; : to t. mtire eagerly and hotly 
 for something, gravius ardemiusque s. 
 allquid, id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16: v. dksire, 
 
 COVET, LONG hOR. 
 
 thirstily : sitienter : to long t. after 
 somethit:;/, s. expetere aliquld, Cic. Tusc. 
 4, 17, ?7 : or pxpr. by sitiens, Lat. Or. 
 4 J4? : sometimes by ardenter : v. 
 
 EAGKRLV. 
 
 thirsty ; I. •'^ufcringfrom thirst : 
 1, expr. to be t., by sitio, 4 : v. to 
 THIRST. The iviperf. part, sitiens is 
 used adj. : the t. traveller, s. viator, 
 Ov. Am. J, 6, 97. 2. siticulo.sus (ol 
 Molls habitually j)arch(d : in very late 
 authors, of persons) : t. Apulia, s. A{)- 
 puli:i, Hor. Kfiod. J, 16. Join: s. et pcr- 
 aridum [solum], Col. ;, 11, 9. 3. siccus 
 (of persons only): Hor. S. 2, 2. 14. 4. 
 bibiilus {quickly absorbing): t. topers, 
 b. poiores, Hor. Kp. 1, li, 91 : t. sand, b. 
 arena, 1-ucr. 2, 576 : Ov. . Virg. : v. dry, 
 rARCHKD. 5. applied 10 drunkards, 
 multihibus, PI. Cist. i. j, i: bibax, bi- 
 bosus, Auct. apud Gell. ), 12: vinosus 
 (Jond of ictne), Hor. Kp. i, 19, 6 : v. 
 
 TIPPLING. II. J'roducing thirst .- slti- 
 ciilosus . Plin. 2?, 6. 55 or by a 
 plir., quod sitim affert, gignit. Tacit: v 
 
 THJRsT. 
 
 thirteen : 1. decem et tres, Cic. 
 Ro.-c. Am 7, 2o- tres et di-iem, lb. id. 
 j;, 99 Liv. (ihe only form given in 
 Pri.-<;. Fig. Num. 4). 2. iredCcim- 
 
 Liv. Tac. (in Front. Aqiiacd. ji, tres- 
 decim). 3. t. tiiiifs, terdecies, Cic. 
 Verr. ?, 80, 184: t. apiece, tenil deni, 
 Pri.sc. Fig. Num. 6. 
 
 thirteenth : tertius decimus (not 
 decinms teriiu.s), Prise. Fig. Num. 5 
 Tac. The men of the t. legion, tertia- 
 decimani, id. H. j, 27. 
 
 thirtieth '• irigesimus (tricesimus) : 
 Cic : Hor. 'ITie men of the t. legion, 
 iriceslmani, Amni 18, 9, J. 
 
 thirty : irig.nta : t. feet. t. pedes, 
 Caes. H. C. 2, 8 : Liv.: t. at a time, 
 triceni, Auct. U. Afr. 7;(used in Plin. and 
 Auct. Her. for t.): t. days having been 
 compUlid, ter dena luce pi-racta, SUit. S. 
 5, 5, 24 : Virg. : a space of t. years, 
 tricenninm. Cod. Justin. 7, }l, I : a fes- 
 tival held onie in t. years, tricenialia, 
 Oros. 7, 28, ad fin. : t. cuses, trlcessis, is, 
 m.: Varr. L. L. j, j6, 47: t. times, 
 tricies or -iens, Cic. Rep. j, 10, ad Jin. : 
 of or amtaining t., tricenarius : a son t. 
 years old, t. filius, Sen. Excerpt. Coiitrov. 
 i, i. ad Jin. : Front. 
 
 this ; 1. hic, haec, hoc (sometimes 
 strengthened by ce : hicce. haecce, hocce : 
 gen. sing, hujusce or huju>que : nom.pl. 
 fern, haec: gen. honuic, haruiic, wiih 
 interrog. part, hiccine, hat-ccine, etc., 
 this, vliere I am : the (lem.pron. of ihe 
 Jirst pers.) : I will venture to call you 
 from t. new academy to that old one, 
 audebo te ab hac academia nova ad ve- 
 terem illam vocare, Cic. Fin. 5, ;, 7: 
 shall t. ma)i die anywhere but in his 
 ouni country f hiccine vir usqnam nisi 
 in patria inorietur? id. Mil. j8, 104: 
 bejore t. time, ante hoc tempus, id. Acad. 
 I, I, J: t. is that ansner irhich uas 
 given by Solon, hoc illud est ((uod a 
 Solone respousum est, id. Sen. 20, 72: 
 was it for t. that ....," hoc erat 
 quod . . . . ? Virg. Aen. 2, 664: /,. right 
 luind {of mine), haec dextr^i, id. ib. 2, 
 292 : so hie homo = ego, Hor. S. i, 9, 47. 
 2. iste, a, nd, or strengthened islic, 
 aec, oc, ol' uc {that near hrre, pron. of 
 the second pers., hence sometimes t., 
 esp. in the stronger form) : PI. : Ter. : 
 
 Cic. : v. THAT. 3. this that : hic 
 
 is used to denote the nearer object; but 
 as this may be the nearer to Ihe speaker's 
 mind, it is not always used of the nearer 
 noun in the senience, though this is usu. 
 the case : v. L. lir. ^ !66, and Obs. The 
 combinations are the foil. • — (i ) hic . . . 
 ille ; ille ... hic: if these rrmediesfail 
 jce must have recourse to tho.<e, si deerunt 
 haec remedla ad ilia declinandum est, 
 yiiint. 7, 2, JO . according to Vie opprn- 
 tiinily <if this side or thai, ex occasione 
 hujus aui illius partis, Liv. 24. ?. ad Jin. : 
 in Cic. Sen. 19. 68, ille (= the laXter) . . . 
 hic (= the Jornur): cf. Viig. Aen. 8, 
 J 5 7. (ii.) hic . . . Iste ; iste . . . hic Cic. 
 Rep. I, 19. (iii.) hic . . . hic (esp. in 
 poi't.) : t. man skilled in the ttse oj the 
 dart, tliot one in tlie use of the bow, hic 
 jaculo bonus, hic sagitta, Virg. Aen 9, 
 572. (iv.) hic ... alter; alter ... hic 
 I'ic. Hose. Am. 6, 17 Ov. M. i, 29J; v. 
 ONK, No. v.; also lattkij, formkr: in 
 lac. A. 14, 8, we have hi ... hi ... 
 alii . . quidam. 4. t. way . . . that 
 nay; on t. side ...on that side: hue 
 atque illucCic. deOr. 1,40,184; hincet 
 hiiic, Hor. Kpod. 2, Ji : hac . . . hac, Virg. 
 
 Aen. I, 467 v. HITMKR . . . THITllKR. 
 
 I' h r. : to t. nas adiitd that, hue acce- 
 dihat quod, Cae.s. B. H. 5. 6: from t., 
 hinc : v. hknci: : in Cic. Rose. Am. 27, 75, 
 inde has the same (ore* : for t. rea.-on, 
 isio, PI. Rud. 4, 7, 8 : neither in t. affair 
 wrr elsenhere. neque Istic neque alibi, 
 Ter. Andr. 2, 5, 9 : v. hkhe. 
 
 thistle : carduus : the barren t., 
 segnis c, Virg. G. J, i;2: a spot over- 
 grown irith t.s. carduetmn, Pall. 4, 9, 4: 
 in Plin. and Col. carduus denotes an 
 
 I esculent t.. v. <:a riDOTTS In Lat Eng. Diet 
 aiioiber edible kind was soolymos, i, m. 
 (in some edd. as a i.k. woril), Plin. 20, 
 J J, 99: tfie tow-t., soncbus, id. 22, 22. 
 44: 's. oleraceus, Linn.: onopordon in 
 Plin. 27, 12. 87. l^ prob. .St. Mary'i (. 
 (al. onnpradon) oihir varietle> are 
 acano-, la. 22, y. 10 ; acantbion. 24. 12, »j6. 
 
 thlBlle-fijlCh:icaiiihis,idis,/. : Plin. 
 10, 6j, 8j, ^ 175; acilanthis, Idis. I.: 
 Virg. li. ;, }t8: cardnelis. Plin. 'lo, 
 42, 57: •Fringllla carduelis, Linn.: 
 cf. goliifinch. 
 
 thither: 1. il'uc (to that place 
 afar off): I must letwn t., illuc re- 
 deundura estmihi, PI. Am. i, j, 29; Cic: 
 other forms are lllo: Ca<-s. B. G. 4, 20: 
 Cic. : illoc, PI. : Ter. Fig.: / return t. 
 whence f have digressext, illuc unde abii 
 redeo, Hor. S. i, i, 108. 2. "stuc (to 
 that place where you are : in PI. syn. 
 with preced.): Cic. Fam. 7, I4, I other 
 fonns are isto, Id. ib. 9. 16, 9: istoc, PL : 
 I'er. 3. eo: whtn he had cume t., to 
 quuni venissel, Caes. B. G. 7, 6. 4, 
 expr. by ad eum locum, ad earn rem, etc 
 5. hither and t. : hue et illuc, Hor. 
 Od.4,11,9; hue illuc, Sail.: Ter.: yuint: 
 hue ;it<iue llliic, Cic de Or. 1, 40, 184: 
 V. THIS : hac atque iliac (al. ilia), Tac. 
 Agr. 28 : hac iliac, Ter. v. hither : also 
 expr. by vbs. cmp. with con : to run 
 hurriedly hither and t., trepide con- 
 curs:ne. Phacdr. 2, 5, 2. 
 
 thitherwards: istorsnm, Ter. Ph. 
 5. I, 14. 
 
 thole; scalmus: Cic. Off. j, 14, 59. 
 
 thong: 1. lorum (lorus In late 
 writers): PI. Kpid. ?, 2, 18: Liv. The 
 form loramentum occurs in JusU II, 7. 
 extr.: the ends of the t.s, capita lora- 
 mentorum. 2. corium {leatlier): 
 
 bound by a t., obbgatiis coi io. AucU Her. 
 i> IJ> 2J 3, amenium (a t. attached 
 to a spear by which it is hurled) : to 
 twirl the t., a. torquere, Virg. Aen. 9, 
 665 : hence the v. ameiito, i, to hurl by 
 the t., Luc. 4. verber, Cris, m. {the t. 
 of a sling): Virg. G. i, 509. 5. A^- 
 gellum {the t. of a javelin). Virg. Aen. 
 I.lii- 6. habena ; v. kf.in. 7. U- 
 gula, corrigia: vshok string. LATeHET. 
 8. copula (a band, rope) : lound 
 with a t., viiictus copulii, Nep. Dat. ?, 2. 
 9. epirhedinm (a t. lo fasten a horse 
 to a carriage) : Juv. 8, 66. P b r. . a 
 spear Jitted with a t., hasta ameniata, 
 Cic Brut. 78, 271 (in a fig. pa:<8.): yokes 
 tiirund tiith t s, loraia juga, Virg. Mor. 
 122: ropes made of t.s, lorei funee. 
 Cat. R. K. J, ; : / will lash, your sides 
 xvith t.s, ego faciani vestra latera lorea, 
 PI. Mil. 2, 2, 2 
 
 thorn : 1. spina . may the earth 
 cover Ihe tmnb with t.s, terra obducat 
 spinis sepuUrum, Prop. 4, 5, i : to plant 
 t .s to make a hedg'', s. sepis causa sererc, 
 Plin. 17. 10. II: Tac. Virg.: the haw- 
 thorn, s. Gallicu, altir Plin 16, 18. jo- 
 dimin., spinula, Arn. Fig.: to pluck out 
 t.sjrom the mind, s. animoevellere, Hor, 
 Kp. I, 14, 4: v. CAKFS : cf. also Sen. Kp. 
 4, ;, "s. et aspera": in Clc. it dtiiotea 
 rattier diJIiCuUies or sublUties. 2. 
 sentis, is, ni. (once /. in Ov. : a t., brier, 
 bramble) : Caes. 11 G. 2. 17. 3. SculeuB 
 (a point: hence of a single t.): v. 
 prickle: all Ihe tJ atul stings of do- 
 mestic anxiety, domeslicarum solliciiu- 
 dlnum omnes et scrupuli.Cic. Alt. 1, 18. 
 4. hamus (a himk) : Ov. de Niice, 
 II?. 5. si>ecial varieties of t. : spimis, 
 prunussiive^tri3; v. blacKthoilv : poli- 
 urus, V. Chkist's-thokn ; rhamnus, y. 
 BrcKTHOR.N, eic. Phr. • lam a t. in 
 your side, stimulus ego sum tibi. PL Gas. 
 2, 6, 8 : he beys you to pluck out the t. 
 from him which pricks and torments 
 him, scrupulum qui se slimulat ac 
 pungit ut evellatis poslulat, Clc. Rose 
 Am. 2, 6: a rose without ts, bereditas 
 sine sacris, PI. Capt. 4, 1,8. 
 
 -back: 'raiaclavata: Linn. 
 
 • brake, -bush, -hedge : L 
 
 vepres, is, m. (iisu. in pL : once /. In 
 Lucr.) : a tt/mb oi'ergrou n with l.-brakes 
 and buslus, vostitum vepribus et dum- 
 elis sepulcrum, Cic Tusc. 5, Ij, 64 
 855
 
 THORNY 
 
 THOUGHTFUL 
 
 THRA 8H 
 
 Dimin.: veprecula, id. Sest. }j, 72: 
 (bence prov. vipera est in v., Pompon.)- 
 The adj. vepraticus, in Col. 7, i, i, is 
 dub.; vel perticis, al. 2. vepretum 
 (a thicket of thorns) : of a t. lifdge. Col. 
 4. }2. i: of a t. hush. Pall, i, 45, 3. 
 3. spinetum : Vli g. E. 2, 9 : (either 
 a t -hsdge or -brake). 4. senticetum : 
 PI. Capt. 4, 2, 81. 
 
 thorny : 1. splnosus : t. places, 
 loca s., Varr. R. R. 2, ?, 8 : Plin. : Ov. : 
 Fig.: (. cares, s. curae. Cat. 64, 72 : when 
 used fig. in Cic. it means harsh, obscure, 
 or, as in Sen. Ep. 108, jg, difficult to solve .- 
 somewhat t, spinosulus, Hier. 2. 
 spineus (made of thorns) : t. bands, s. 
 vincula, Ov. M. 2, 789. 3. splniger, 
 era, erum or spinifer, era, erum (tliorn- 
 bcaring) : the former in Prud., the latter 
 also in PalL : the reading in Cic. Arat. 
 178. fluctuates between the two. 4. 
 sentus (rough, rugged) : rough, t. places, 
 loca s., Ov. M. 4, 4J6: Virg. 6. senti- 
 cosus, App., or sentosus, Paul. Nol. 
 P h r. : to grow t., spinescgre, Mart. Cap. 
 thorough: germanus, v. perfect, 
 No. V. : this is the best gen. equiv. : 
 other adjs. may sometimes expr. the 
 idea, as, subtilis : v. exact, precise ; s8- 
 lidus, v.soDND, GENUINE : the latter is used 
 for (. by many modern writers, but often 
 incorrectly : the superl. of an adj., or a 
 campd. with^er expr. the notion in many 
 passages : a t. scholar, vir doctissimus 
 or perdoctus: in com. or colloq. language 
 tri- has a like force : a t.-pw:ed knave, 
 trifiircifer : see also thoroughlv. Ph r. : 
 t. friendship, vera et perfecta amicitia, 
 Cic. Am. 6, 22: nothing irorthy of t. 
 knowledge, nihil magna cognitione dig- 
 num, id." Fin. 5, 19, 50. 
 
 bred t generosus : a t. horse, 
 
 g. equus. Quint. 5, 11,4: Virg. 
 
 -fare : I. -'l road through : 
 
 pervium : a t. for armies, p. exercitibus, 
 Tac. H. J, 8 : more usu. expr. by means 
 of the adj. pervius, of which the preced. 
 is the neut. used subst. : t.s, perviae 
 iransitiones, Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67 : v. 
 PASSAGE, No. V. : a house through which 
 there is a t., transitoria domus. Suet. Ner. 
 3 1 (as a name orig. given to the Golden 
 Palace). Arcades, leading out from the 
 forum as passages, are called Jani, in Cic. 
 L c. : cf. Hor. S. 2, }, l8 : " no t.", fundula 
 (defined in Varr. L. L. 5, 52, 40, ^ 14;, as 
 " a fundo, quod exitum non habeat ac 
 pervium non est iter"). ||. Aright 
 of way : there were three legal t. t., 
 iter, actus, via, Ulp. Dip. 8, t, 1 : the 
 first was the mere right of passing 
 through; tho second implied the right 
 of driving cattle, vehicles, etc. ; the 
 third implied the existence of a road 
 through a man's property : cf. Cic. Caecin. 
 26, ',4: V. Pict. Ant. 10 JO, "servitutes 
 praediorum rustieorum." It may also 
 be expr. by jus eundi et agendi, Ulp. Dig. 
 4?. 8, 2, ^ 21 : (or without et, Just. Inst. 
 4. ft. 2). 
 
 thoroughly: 1. pSnItus (once 
 with sup. in Veil.) : to shave the head t., 
 caput p. abradere, Cic. Rose. Com. 7, 20 : 
 to make oneself t. acquainted with the 
 case, p. in causam insinuare, id. de Or. 
 2, ?;, 149: to give himself up t. to the 
 s(Kiety <{/■ tliat fellow, bene p. in istius 
 lamiliarltatem se dare. id. Verr. 2, 70, 
 169 (R. and A.) : to understand anything 
 L, p. intelllgere aliquid, id. Att. 8, 12. 
 2. plane (entirely, without any re- 
 servation) : to be t. devoid of common 
 sense, communi sensu p. carere, Hor. S. 
 
 1, J, 66 : V. ENTIREtT, QDITE. 3. OHl- 
 
 iiino (in aXl points, completely) ; to be t. 
 ignorant, o. omnis eruditionis expertem 
 esse, Cic. de Or. 2, i, i : v. altogether. 
 4. plene (fully) : t. wise men, p. 
 sapientes homines, Cic. Off. i, 15, 46 : v. 
 
 COMPLETELY. 5. P'^'J'''"'' • V. WHOIXV, 
 
 absolutely. 6. fundllus: v. uiterly. 
 P h r. : at. praiseworthy man, vir per 
 omnia laudabilis. Veil. 2, ii, i : Quint.: 
 Octaviiis is t. devoted to me, Octavius 
 mihl totus deditus est, Cic. Att. 14, 11, 
 extr. : nothing is t. happy, nihil est ab 
 omni parte beatum, Hor. Od. 2, 16, 27 : to 
 stick at Brumiusium is t. irksome, iacevp 
 856 
 
 Brundusii in onmes partes est niolestiim, 
 Cic. Att. II, 6: to scrutinize t. ivery 
 mail's countenance, perspicere onines 
 vultus, id. de Or. 2, J5, 148. 
 
 thou : tu : the pron. is not expr. 
 except for eniph. ; L. Gr. ^^ J57, 615: 
 the emph. forms are tute (tute ipse, 
 Cic), tete, tutemet, tibimet, the suffix 
 -met being more freq. employed with the 
 pi.: sometimes, though rarely, the pron. 
 vos is used with a sing. subs. : Cic. Deiot. 
 
 10, 24: Virg. Aen. 9, 525: also, by a 
 singular idiom, the voc. adj. agrees with 
 the nom. tu in Pers. j, 28. Occasionally 
 tu is replaced by other pron. in the 
 poets : exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossi- 
 bu8 ult<jr. Virg. Aen. 4, 625 (= thou, my 
 particular, yet unknoum avenger) : at 
 nunc aelerna silentia lethes ille canorus 
 habes, Stat. S. 2, 4, 9 (= t., the famous 
 bird of song) : cf. Tib. 4, }, i and 2: but 
 the supposed u.se of is for tu in Cic. Phil. 
 2, JO, 76, rests on a false reading. Tu, 
 not vos, is ihe ordinary proji. of address 
 in Latin : hence there is no phr. corre- 
 sponding to " thou and thee " any one 1 
 Erasm. coined the i'. tuisso, i : the Ro- 
 mans in similar circumstances used 
 pater, frater, filius. as terms of fami- 
 liarity : see Hor. Ep. i, 6, 54, and Orell. 
 ad loc. : after thy fashion, tualim, 
 PI. Am. 2, I, 4. 
 
 though: etsi, etiamsi: v. al- 
 though. 
 
 thought: I. ^ct of thinking: 
 
 1. cogitatio : silent t, c. tacita. 
 Quint. 5, 7, 2 : very acute and close t., 
 acerrima atque attentissima c, Cic. de 
 Or J, 5, 17 : frank t.s, c. simplices, 
 Tac. G. 22 : great t.s, c. magnae, id. ih. : 
 t. is occupied in the discovery of truth, 
 c. in vero exquirendo versatiir, Cic. Off. 
 I, 56, IJ2: to grasp in t., cogitatione 
 aliquid percipere, id. N. D. i, J7, 10; : 
 coniprehendere, id. Tusr. i, 22, 50: 
 complecti, Quint. 12, 2, 19: exercise of 
 the mind and t., that is, reason, animi 
 motus et c, id est, ratio, Cic. N. D. j, 28, 
 71 (q. v.). 2. cogltatus, us: Sen. Ep. 
 
 11, 9: Tert. 3. mens, ntis, /. : t. 
 than which nothing is quicker, m. qua 
 nihil est colerius, Cic. Or. 59, 200 : to 
 grasp anything in t., mente complecti 
 aliquid, id. Tusc. i, 16, ^7 : their t.s are 
 reconsidered next day, m. postera die 
 retractantur, Tac. G. 22 : v. meditation, 
 reflection. Phr.: power of I., cogi- 
 tandi vis. Quint. 10, 6, 2 : o peculiar 
 turn oft., color proprius, Phaedr. 4, pro- 
 log., 8 : it entered into their t.s that .... 
 penetravit eos posse haec ..., Lucr. 5, 
 1261 : V. also THINK. II. fipinion, no- 
 tion, design: 1. cogitatio: many 
 iveighty t.s are passing in my mind, 
 versantur in animo multae et graves c, 
 Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 5 : second t.s, as they say, 
 are best, posteriores, ut aiunt, sapien- 
 tiores sunt, id. Phil. 12, 2, 5 : all his t.s 
 tended to the deliverance of his native 
 land, ad patriam liberandam onmi fere- 
 batur cogitatione, Nep. Ale. 9, 4 : the 
 minds of men and their t.s, menles 
 hominum et c, Cic. Verr. 5, 14, j;. 
 
 2. cogitatum (usu. in pi.): to utter 
 one's t.s, c. eloqui, Cic. Brut. 72, 25? : 
 cogitamentum occurs in the Vulg. : 
 cogitamen in Tert. 3. sensus, us : 
 V. MIND (III.), OPINION. 4. notio: V. 
 NOTION, IDEA. 5. mgmoria (very 
 rarely used of coming events) : t. of 
 waging war, belli inferendi m., Liv. 4, 
 21: usu. consilium: v. design, inten- 
 tion, yhr.: freedirm oft., *sentiendi 
 libertas : cf. Tac. H. i, i, extr. _ |||, 
 Faculty of thinking : 1. cogitatio: 
 man is endowed tvith reason and t., 
 homo (est) particeps rationis et cogita- 
 tionis, Cic. l.*g. i, 7, 22 : also ratio may 
 expr. it: cf. id. N. D. }, 28, 71; Fin. 
 5, 21, 58; and REASON. 2. sensus, us 
 (understanding: rare): Catul. 51, 6. 
 
 3. mens, mis, /. : v. mind. 
 
 . be : sometimes expr. by placet, 
 
 2 : it IS t. by Cameades that , 
 
 placet C'arne.adi Cic. Acad. 2, Ji, 
 
 99: V. opinion (II.), and think. 
 
 thoughtful : I. Reflecting : cogi- 
 tabundus: v. meditative. ||, Care- 
 
 ful : provldus : the leader's t. care, p. 
 cura ducis, Ov. F. 2, 60 : t. and skilful 
 nature, p. soUersque natura, Cic. N. D. 
 
 2, ;l, 128 ; V. CAREFUL. 
 
 thoughtfully : I. v. medita- 
 
 tively. II, provldenter : v. cabe- 
 fully. 
 
 thoughtfulness : I. medltatlo: 
 V. meditation. II, cura: v. car^ 
 
 forethought. 
 
 thoughtless: 1. incogitans: Ter. 
 Ph. 2, I, J. 2. incogitabilis : PI. Mil. 
 2, 6, 6 J. 3. incogltatus: PI. Bac. 4, 
 2, I. 4. temerarius ; v. rash, heed- 
 less. 5. iuconsultus : v. inconsi- 
 derate, INDISJ'REET. 
 
 thoughtlessly: tgmgre: v. heed 
 LEssLv, rashly : inconsulto, v. inconsi- 
 derately. 
 
 thoughtlessness: 1. incogitan- 
 
 tia: PI. Merc, i, i, 27. 2. temeritas ■ 
 V. heedlessness, rashness. 
 
 thousand : I. Jn arithmetic : 
 
 mille (usu. indecl. adj. in sing. ; rarely 
 subs. : in the pi. used as a deck subs.) : 
 a t. horsemen, mille equites. Plane, in 
 Cic. Fara. 10, 9, j : at. men, mille ho- 
 minum, Cic. Mil. 20, 5J (where anciently 
 t here were two readings, versabatur and 
 versabantur : the former is supported by 
 Gell. I, 16, and Macr. S. 1, ;, ;, in which 
 pass, the constr. of m. is discussed) : 
 I4J,704 persons, centum quadraginta 
 iria millia septinginta quatuor capita 
 (civium), Liv. J5, 9 : v. Lat. Gr. } 69, 
 Obs. 1 : a t. paces, mille passuum, Cic. 
 Att. 4, 16, et pass.: V. Mii.E; on the 
 ellipse of m. in counting sesterces, see 
 Lut Gr. §} 9JI, 9J2, and Diet. Ant. 
 104J : a t. times, millies (milliens), 
 Plin. : Vitr. : containing a t., milliarius; 
 hence, a wing of a t. m^i, m. ala, Plin. 
 Kp- 7, JI (al. militari) : a portico 
 a t. paces long, m. porticus. Suet. 
 Ner. JI: also niillenarius, Aug.: niil- 
 liarensis, Vopisc. : a t. each, milleni, 
 PI.: the space of a t. years, milliarium 
 annorum, Aug. Civ. D. 20, 7 : tlie num- 
 ber one t., millenarlus numerus, id. ib. : 
 there seems no good authority for 
 XtAias except as a Greek word : Macr. S. 
 I, 5, 9 : Gell. : a commander of a t., 
 chiliarchus, Tac. A. 15, 51: cbiliarcha. 
 Curt. 5, 2, J (def. as " singulis millibna 
 militum praBfuturiis ") : of a t. form.s, 
 milliformis. Prudent. ||. Fig., any 
 large number: 1, mille: a t. hues, 
 m. a)lores, Virg. Aen. 4, 701 : many 
 t., millia multa, Catul- 5, 10 (q. v.): 
 o t. times, millies, or -iens, Cic. Off. i, 
 JI, 1 1 J. 2. sexcenti, onim (six 
 
 hundred : the favourite term for a 
 large number: Lat. Gr. } 6ij) : I liave 
 received t.s of your letters, epistolas 
 tuas s. accepi, Cic. Att. 7, 2: hundreds 
 of t.s of worlds, s. millia mundorum, id. 
 N. D. I, J4, 96 : a t. times, sexcenties 
 (-iens), PI. Men. 5, 4, 8. 
 
 -fold : milUmSdus : Venant. : v. 
 
 countless. 
 
 thousandth (adj.) : milleslmus : 
 Cic. : Ov. : t. in descent, Pers. }, 28. 
 
 thousandth (subs.) .• millesima, 
 Petr. 67, 7 : more fully, m. pars, Cic. 
 Att. 2, 4. 
 
 thrall : servus : v. slave. 
 
 thraldom : servitus : v. slavery. 
 
 thrasonical : gioriOsus : v. brag- 
 gart, VAIN-GLORIOUS. 
 
 thrash : \. To beat out com : 
 
 1. tgro, trivi, tritum, } (to rub out 
 by treading or by a machine) : to t. corn, 
 t. frumentum, Varr. R. R. i, i}, 5: 
 Hor. S. I, I, 45. Also expr. by the 
 comps. extero, detSro (which are coiy. 
 like it), when the corn is trodden out. 
 the three ancient modes were treading 
 out the grain under the feet of oxen 
 (jumentorum ungiilis e spica exteruntur 
 grana, Varr. R. R. I. 52, 2), t.ing it out by 
 flails, or lastly by thrashing- machines : 
 to t. out corn, deterere frumenla. Col. i. 
 6, 2j. [N. B. — The three processes are 
 mentioned in Plin. 18, Jo, 72 : " messis 
 alibi tribulis in area, alibi equarum 
 gresslbuB exteritur, alibi perticis flagel- 
 latur."] 2. tundo, tuttidi, tunsum or 
 tusum, } (to I/eat : applied to the second
 
 T H R A S H K R 
 
 THREATENING 
 
 THREEFOLD 
 
 of the preced. modes) : tn t. out the ears 
 vtithjlails, fustlbus spicas t., Col. 2, 21. 
 4. 3. excutio, cussl, cussiim, j ; or 
 decutio, cussl, cussiim, ? (ajtplied to tb<; 
 action of the flail) : to t. nut the grains 
 from the sars, e spicis grana _e., d., 
 \arr. K U. i, 52, 2: <-k)l. 4. flagello, 
 I (tn whip) : to t. out the crop irith poles, 
 inessem perticis f. : Pliii. 18, ?o, 72 
 VR. and A.). 5. trituro, i: Sid.; or 
 retrituro, I : Aug. ||, Tubeat: caedu, 
 cecidi, caesum, t : v. beat. 
 
 thrasher : expr. by v. : • triturator. 
 IVipma de iiistit. Fundi, }. 
 
 thrashing : 1. tritura. Col. 2, 20 
 (q. V.) : Virg. 2. trituratio : Aug. 
 Also an adj., trituratorius {pertainiuy 
 to t.) occurs in Public, ad Aug. 
 
 -flail : expr. variously by fustis, 
 
 baculus (Col. 2, 21, 4) : flagelluui, Hier. : 
 pertica, Plin. : v. flail. 
 
 floor: area: Virg. G. i. 178: 
 
 Cic. : Hor. : CoL : adj., arwlis, Serv. ad 
 Virg. (jt. I, 166. 
 
 -machine : 1. tribulum (also 
 
 -a,/.) : Col. : ii was a wo<xlen platlbrni 
 studded with sharp stones or iron teeth : 
 Virg. G. I, 164: I'lin. : v. Diet. Am. : 
 another kind, consisting of bars of wood, 
 net, with teeth, and nimilng un small 
 wheels, was called " plostelluni I'lini- 
 cum," Varr. K. K. i, 52, 1 : it is joininl 
 with traha (a kind of dra^), Col. 2, 21.4. 
 
 2. serra (prop, a saw : o (. fitli 
 serrated wlieels) : Hier. in Amos i. 
 
 3. a modern t. would prob. be 
 iKtter expr. by •machina, qua grana e 
 spicis exteruntur, or similar pbr. 
 
 thread (subs.) : |. r. for setviny, 
 etc. : 1. filum ; to guide one's ftrps 
 by a t., rcgere filo vestigia, Virg. Aeii. 
 6. JO: Hor.: hence prov. : the safety 
 of the republic hung on a slender t, 
 tenui filo suspensa reipublicae .salus, 
 Val. Max. 6. 4, i : Ov. I'ont. 4. J, J5 
 t. by t., filatini, Lucr. 2, Bji. [N.B.— In 
 the 6g. sense f. denotes the stylr. or 
 texture of a discourse : hence such mo- 
 dernisms as "f. abrurapere (Wolf in 
 Kr.) should be avoided: v. Phr.] 2. 
 linum (a t. 'f flax : esp. of the t. ttuU 
 secured letters) : a needle ivith ttvo t.s, 
 acus duo 1. ducens, Cels. 1, 14: to cut 
 thf. t., incidere linum, Cic. Cat. j, 5, 10 
 (of a letter). 3. licium {t. of any- 
 thing ivoven) : to tie anything on a t. 
 and hang it around the neck, aliquid 
 illigatum licio e collo suspendere, PliiL 
 2J, '7, 6?, ad fin. : Ov. : of the t. of the 
 web, Anson. 4. stamen, inis, n. (prop. 
 the t. of the distaff, Ov. M. 4, J4) : to 
 folloiv tlie clue afforded by a t.. legere s.. 
 Prop. 4, 4, 42. 5. subiemen, inis, n. : 
 to s/tin t., s. nere, Ter. Heaut. 2, j, 52 : 
 o/the t.s of Fate, Ciitul. 6^, {28: Hor. 
 6. icia (<./or a needle): snjt t., a. 
 mollis, Cels. 5, 26, 25. 7. li"fa (a thin 
 line of stniig or t.) : a row of pearls on 
 a t., 1. dives. Mart. 8, 78, ^ : of the ts 
 of a tpixler's veb, in I'lin. 11, 24, 28. 
 8. nema, atis, n. ; Dig.: or neinen, 
 inis, n., liiscr. : v. takn. 9, aranea 
 ;;a cotnvebby t.) : Plin. 24, 9, 57. 10. 
 |ianus (t. wound on a bobbin. Tr^rot) : 
 I .ucil. : so panuncula. Not. Tir. H, 
 (homix, icis, /. : Plln. : v. cord, link. 
 12. capillus, ciipiUamentum ((/i« t.- 
 like fibres of plants) : PUn. : v. fibiik. 
 Phr.- the t. of a discourse, comple.NUS 
 loquendi seriesque, Quint. 1,5, } : to 
 keep to the t. of the narrative, tenorem 
 in narratlonlbus servare, id. to, 7, 6 : 
 v. coNNKCTiON, TKNOR t'l break of the 
 t. of one's speecit, contextum dicendi in- 
 termlttere. Id. 10, 7, 26. ||. The t. 
 of a screw, ruga {u-rinkle) : the t.s of 
 a screiK, rugae per cochleanj bul- 
 lantes, Plin. 18. Ji, 74, ^ Ji7 : the grooves 
 between the t.s are calli>d involuti ca- 
 nales, Vltr. 10,6(11), 2. 
 
 thread (r-)- I. ^" ■'• « needle: 
 expr. by filum In acum conjicere, Cels. 
 7, 16 (Kr. gives also per acum im- 
 mitterc, trajicere). ||, TV) put a t. 
 
 or string thrmigh: expr. by 'perserere 
 filum per aliquid : cf. Varr. R. K. i, 41, 
 5: lino inserere aliquid, Tert.(R. and A.>. 
 Ill, To t. one's nay .- in:-inuo, i 
 
 (constr. with se or abs.) : the river t.s 
 its trail among the vales, inter valles se 
 flimien Insiuuat. Liv. n.iJ ■ Cic: Caes.: 
 
 V. WIND. 
 
 thready : stamlneus : the t. wheel, 
 s. rota. Prop. }, 4. 26 : stamlnatus In 
 i'etr. is dub. : araneosus (consisting of t. 
 fibres): a t. stalk, a. caiilis, PliiL 21, 15. 
 "51 ; so, capillalus, id. 19, 6, ?i. 
 
 threadbare: 1. obsoieius: a t. 
 
 garmrnt, o. vestis, Liv. 27, {4 : at. man, 
 "homo o., Cic. Pis. j6, 89: v. shabby. 
 2, tritus: a t. shirt, L subucula, 
 Hor. Kp. I, I, 96 : also fig. : WOBN, 
 TRrrK. 
 
 threat : 1. minae, arum, /. pi. : 
 einj'ty !..•:. inanes m., Auct. Har. Kesp. I, 
 2 : ni'ist violent t.s, Incitatissimac m., 
 Val. .Max. }, 8, exir., I : to be moved by 
 t.s, minis moveri, Cic. Fontei. 12, 26: 
 his t.s move me little, m. ejus modice 
 me taiitrunt. id. Att. 2, 19. I : a day 
 not iiithout t.s of the approaching 
 storm, dies non sine minis crescentis 
 mali, Curt. 8, 4, i. 2. mlnatio (the 
 ait (f threatening): Cic de Or. 2, 71, 
 288 \in pi.). 3. commlnatio ■ the i.« 
 if Hannibal, c. Haimibalis, Liv. 26, 
 8: Cic. 4. deiiiiiiliatio : to move 
 
 by a I. nf danger, deiiuntiaiiune periculi 
 fMTiiiovire, Caes. B. C. 5, 9. Phr.: the 
 confused outcries of t.s and tenor, 
 variae lerrentium pavenliumque voces, 
 Liv. 5, 21 : to fin-hid with t.s, liitermino, 
 
 1, Hor. Epod. 5, J9 (PI., Ter., use it as 
 dep.) : to drive with (.s, miiiare, App. 
 
 threaten: I. Trans.: 1. 
 
 minor, 1 (constr. with dat. of person 
 and ace. of the thing : also with ace. and 
 infin.) : to t. any ime with tlie cross, 
 crucem alicui m., Cic. Tusc. 1,4?, 102: 
 tliey n-ere t.ing that they would do this. 
 hoc ,se facturos minabantur, Caes. B. C. 
 
 2, I ;. . 2. minitor, i (freq. of preced. 
 and constr. like it: in I'l. as an act. 
 verb) : to t. his brother vrith death, mor- 
 tem fratri m., Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 10 : to t. to 
 do anything, m. faccru aliquid, Ter. Hec. 
 J. 4, i>. 3. comminor, i (constr. like 
 piecwi.) : to t. Ixittle rather than tu fight, 
 c. magis quam iiiferie pugnam, Liv. 10, 
 59. 4. intendo, di, turn or sum, j (to 
 si'ek to Irring upon : constr. with ace. 
 after in, or dat.) : to t. all with danger, 
 \. ]iericulum in onincs, Cic. Rose. Am. }, 
 7 ; so, minas intendere alicui, Tac. A. j, 
 j6. 5. intento, i (freq. of preced.) : 
 to t. anil one with war, arma i. alicui, 
 Liv. 6, 27 : Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 76. 6. 
 denuiitio. i (to denounce, to aitnounce 
 something txui): to t. the people with 
 slavery, d. populo servituteni, Cic Phil. 
 5, 8, 21. 7. propono, p6sui, p5sUum, 
 J (to set before) : to t. with exile and 
 death, exsilium, mortem p., Cic Plane. 
 41, 97: id. Att. 2, 19, I. Phr.: to (. 
 anybody, minis in,<equl aliquem, Cic. 
 Clu. 8, 24; minas Jactare (alicui), id. 
 Quint. 14, 47. II. Inirans. : 1, mi- 
 nor, I : the ash t.s (to fall), omus min- 
 atur. Virg. Aeii. 2. 626 Hor. A. P. };o. 
 [\'.B.— the lit. sense of ihe verb Is to 
 project : hence a t.ing rfick is minans 
 sccpulus, Virg. Aen. i, 162.] 2. 'm- 
 jx'ndeo, 2 (to impend) : a great Parthian 
 nar is t.i7i(7, magmmi helium impendet 
 a Parthis, Cic. Att. 6, 2, ad med.: when 
 wind is ting, vento impendenle, Virg. 
 G. I, j6;. 3. immineo (to f. bv i^roj- 
 imity) : tlie greatest danger t.ing, sum- 
 mo discrimine imminent^. Quint. 8, 4, 
 
 22: V. BR tMMlNKNT, IMl'KND. 4. insto, 
 
 stiti, I (stronger than preced. : cf. Cic. 
 Cat. 2, 5, II, " impeiidere Jamdiu, aiit 
 instare jam plane, aut ci'rte appropln- 
 quare ") ■ to t. more savagely, truciil- 
 entius i., Val. Max. }, 8. 5. P h r. : the 
 re-t' nf Ihe totver hung t.ing to fall, pars 
 ifliqua turris consequens procumbebal, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, tl, ad fm. 
 
 threatener : comminator: Tert. : 
 nil r. hti.i any infineiwe orrr free men, 
 nulla iiiinaiitis auctorita-s apud llberos 
 est, Unit, et Otss. In Cic. Fam. II, 5, }. 
 
 threatening (subs.): mlnatio: V. 
 
 TURK AT. MKNAOF.. 
 
 threatening (odj. and part.) : 1. 
 mill. IX, iiiis: a t. rock, m. scopulus. 
 
 Virg. Aen. 8, 668 (cf. theeatfjj, IL) = 
 
 the t. Adriatic, m. Adrialicnm, CataL 4> 
 
 6 : t. and arrogant, m. atque arrogaos, 
 
 Cic. Font. 12, 26; (. Utters, m. liter«e, 
 
 id. Fam. 16, 11, 2: a more t. pestilence, 
 
 p. miiiacior, Liv. 4, 52. 2. mlnlta- 
 
 bundus: Liv. {9,41. 3. commloi- 
 
 liviis, comminabundug, Tert: mini- 
 
 tOrlus, Amm. (dub.). 4. imminena, 
 
 ntis : (. showers, imbres i.. H^r. Od. j, 
 
 ; 27, 10; or instans, ntis : a I. 'iany-r, i 
 
 , periculum, Nep. Paus. ?, ; v. immi>'- 
 
 ] KNT. Phr.: to roue his t. a--st. tollere 
 
 I minas, Virg. G. j, 421 : the t. culd, minae 
 
 I frigoris, Ov. F. 4, 700. 
 
 I threateningly: 1. minidter.- 
 
 Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 21. 2. niinanter: Ov. 
 
 I A. A. }, ;82. 3. nilnltabiliier. Pac : 
 
 minabiliter is late. I'hr. : to utter any- 
 
 \ thing t., Jacere aliquid per mlna.s, Tac 
 
 ; A. 6, JI. 
 
 ' three: tres, tria, UGr. ^68: in t. 
 I words, In tribus verbis. Quint 9,4, 78: 
 Cic. (i. e. tn o word or tuit) : t. limits, 
 I ter, V. THRICE : t. each, t. at a lime, trial 
 or tcmi (the latter esp. freq. In poet, 
 by whom it Is often used for t., ax in 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 560): t. in measure, tema- 
 rius : a pit t. feet every way, t. scrobs. 
 Col. II, 2, 28: t. feet Umg, tripedalis, 
 Varr. K. R. J, 9, 6 tript-daneus, Cato 
 R. R. 45, I : the number t., trias, ido8, 
 /., Mart. Cap. : temio, Gell. 1.20 temio, 
 Jsid. : trlnilas, Tert: Irlgarlum, Mart. 
 Cap. : a set oft., triga. Am. ; in t. parts, 
 tripartito, Caes. B. G. 6, 6: adj. triplex, 
 ici>, V. THREEFOLD : poet for three. 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 202 : in t. places, tri- 
 fariam, Liv. 5. 22 : in t. uays. iripllciter, 
 Auci. iler. 4, 42, 54: utighing or hold- 
 ing t. ounces, triuncls. Gall. ap. Trebell. 
 Claud. 17, 6: t. ounces, quadrans (.inlea 
 teruiicius), Plin. }?, j. IJ: weighing t 
 pounds, trllibris, Hor. S. 2, 2, ??: tre- 
 poiido, ittdecl. subs., Scrib. : a period of 
 t. hours, triliorium, Auson.; a space of 
 t. dai/s, tridiium : a t. days' journey, 
 tridui via, Caes. B. G. i, }8 ; lasting t. 
 days, triduanus, App. M. 10, p. 247 : a 
 period oft. nights, trlnoctium, Val. Max. 
 }, 4, 5, extr. : lasting t. nights, tri- 
 noctialls. Mart. : lasting t. motiths. 
 triniestris : a periml nf t. months, 
 t spatium, Plin. 57, 10. 59: a pei-iud 
 of t. i/ears, trieniiiuin, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 4: tri'«ieris, Idos,/., Stat. S. 2, 6, 72: 
 V. TRIENNIAL: t. years ol^l, trimus: a 
 t. -year old mare, tequa, Hor.Od. j, 11,9. 
 Uimin. : trimulus. Suet : also trlennis, 
 Vulg. Gen. xv. 9 (q. v.) : th' age of t. 
 years, trimiitus, us, Plin. : Col. : a t.-h-rte 
 chariot, triga, Ulp. Dig.: adj.. trijugta. 
 Au.son. (dimcn by t. horses) : ilie </ricer 
 was trigarius, Plin. : a lioani of I. men, 
 triumviri, Cic: Liv.: v. XRimviR: a 
 room oft. apartments, trii homni, Stat S. 
 I, J, 58: interest at t. per cent., quad- 
 rantes usurae, Scaev. Ng. a. i, 21. { 4^ 
 t. o'clock, (bora) nona, Hor. Kp. I, 7, 71 
 (ace. to Roman notation) : •bora tertia : 
 t. o'clock has struck. *liora tcrlia audit* 
 est(Kr.): t. fourths, di-drans. ntIs, m. : 
 heir to t. fourths, lieres ex dodrante, 
 Nep. Att %, 2 : in the ralio of four to t, 
 .s<\viuitertius, Cic Tim. 7, ad med. 
 
 three-banked: i. irirfmU: 
 
 Caes. B.C. 2,6: v.tkirf.mk:. 2. tri«ri«: 
 Auct. B. Afr. 44. 
 
 -bodied: trlcorpor. ."KTs: Virg. 
 
 Aen. 6, J89. 
 
 breasted: trlpectcrus: Lucr. 
 
 5,28. 
 
 cornered: 1. triquotnii: 
 
 Caes. B.C. ?, u. 2. trlgiSnus: ManiL: 
 
 V. TRIANlifl.AR. 
 
 -eyed : trigemmis (having t. 
 
 buds): Col : Plin. 
 
 forked : 1. trindus : t. light- 
 
 nimi. t flamma, Ov. M. 2, t25 : t. 
 tongue of the serpent, t lingua »T- 
 pentis. Sen. Mini. 687 : Auson. has tri- 
 fisslli.<. 2. trifurcus: t. slips, t sur- 
 cnli. Col. s. II. ? : so any thing of a 
 t. shape Is Irifurclum, App. Herb. 8, 
 trlcuspis, Idis: v. TiiKKKixiisTK.n. 
 
 I fold: 1. 'rlp'ex. Ids: a 
 
 ' t. line nf battle, t acies, Ca>-s. B. G. I, 14 : 
 a t. method of pliUnpiphizxng. t philo- 
 8?7
 
 THR KE-FOOTED 
 
 T H R r V E 
 
 T H R O N E 
 
 sophandi ra '.n, Cic. Acad, i, 5, 19: so 
 subs., a t. /.ortion, t., Hor. S. 2, i, 2j']. 
 Hence, in a t. man'ner, tripliriter (adv.), 
 Auct. Her. 2. lr\p\us (numer. adj.): 
 a t. portinn, t. pars, Cic. Tim. 1, ad vied. 
 Also triplaris, Macr. Somn. Sc. 2. i, 18 : 
 triplasiiis, Mart. Cap.: Sedul. has tri- 
 plkabilis. 3. trini, or more rarely 
 temi (the sing, of each occurs): a t. 
 chain, trinae catenae, Caes. B. G. i, 5 j : 
 oars in a t. row, terno ordiiie remi, 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 1 20. 4. tripartitus or 
 tripertilus {divided into three) : a t. divi- 
 sion, divisio t., Cic. Off. ?, 2, 9 : in a t. 
 division, tripariiio (adv.), Cic Caes. 
 5. trigSmlnus or tergeminus (mostly 
 poet.) : o t. head, t. caput, Tib. j, 4, 88 : 
 Virg. : Plin. of an indef. number : t. 
 honours, t. honores, Hor. Od. I, r, 8. 
 
 6. triforniis; v. triple, tbiform. 
 
 7. trifarius: App. : in a t. division, 
 trlfariam (adr.), Liv. 26, 41, ad fin. g. 
 triceps, cipilis (very rare), Varr. 9. 
 trijugus: App. i terggnus, indecl.: 
 Auson. 
 
 three-footed : v- three-legged. 
 
 — -formed : triformis : the t. Chi- 
 maera, t. chimaera, Hor. Od. I, 27, 2;. 
 
 -headed : triceps, cipltis : Cic 
 
 Tusc. I, 5, 10: Ov. 
 
 -horned : 1. tricomlger, Era, 
 
 feruni : Auson. 2. tricornis : Plin. 
 
 -hundred : trCcenti (trlcenti. 
 
 Col.) : Leonidas and the t., Leonidas 
 t.que, Cic. Fin. 2, jo, 97 : of an indef. 
 number, Hor. Od. j, 4, 79 : t. each, 
 treceni, Liv. : of an indef. number, Hor. : 
 also in Plin. for t. : trecenteni, Col. : 
 t. times, tre- or iriceuties. Mart. : Catul. : 
 containing t. in measure, trecenarius, 
 Varr. [N.B. — The poets often expr. it 
 by multiples : t. shrines, tercentum de- 
 liibra, Virg. Aen. 8, 716.] 
 
 • -hundredth ; trecenteslmus : 
 
 Liv. 4, 7 : Cic. 
 
 -knotted: tnnodis: a t. club, 
 
 clava t, Ov. F. i, 575. 
 
 -leaved : t. grass, trifOlium, 
 
 Plin.: V. trefoil: a t. uriting-tabkt, 
 triplices, ium, to. pi., Cic. Att. i}, 8 : 
 Mart. 
 
 -legged : tripes, 6dis (having 
 
 three feet): a t. table, mensa t., Hor. S. 
 I, i, IJ: a t. mule, niuUis t.. Liv. 
 40, 2 : a i. seat, tripus, odis, m. ; v. 
 TiupoD : a t. stool, trlpetia, Sulp. Sev. 
 I'ial. 2, I, 4 (tripeccla. Halm). 
 
 -pointed, -pronged : 1. tri- 
 
 dens. ntis (with three teeth): t.pioi's, 
 t. rostra, Virg. Aen. 5, 14J. 2. "i- 
 cuspis, Tdis: Ov. M. i, }}o. 3. tri- 
 furcus: Col. 
 
 score: sexaginta; v. sixty. 
 
 throated: trifaux: Virg. Aen. 
 
 6, 417. 
 
 -tongued : trilinguls, Hor. Od. 
 
 }, II, 20. Otttn applied to those who 
 speak three languages : Varr. : Apul. 
 
 twin-hrothers : tergeminus 
 
 (adj.): Liv. i, 24: the spoils of the t.s, 
 t. spolia, id. 1. 26. 
 
 threshold : limen, inis, n. (prop, 
 eithur the lintel or t.) : in full 1. in- 
 feruni r hail ! lintel and t., 1. supenim 
 inferumque salve! PI. Merc. 5, 1, i • 
 hence the pi. is oflen used f(jr the whale 
 of the Unlet, t., etc. : e. g. limina floribiis 
 operire, Lucr. 4, 1169: at the lerij t., 
 primo in limine, Virg. Aen. 2, 469 : lu 
 put one's foot miiside the t., pedem limine 
 efl'erre, Cic. Cat I. 14, J4 : the door is close 
 shut upon the t.. amat janua 1., Hor. Od. 
 I, 25, 4: Juv. 14, 44. I 'I. Cas. 4, 4, I : 
 adj.: linilnaris (if or belonging to the 
 hntcl or t.). Vitr." 6, ?, 4 ('■, 4). Fig.: 
 thet. of life, 1 vi tan, Sen. Her. Kur. 11 jj 
 the t. of 'liar, 1. belli, Tac. A. j, 14: it 
 may also be expr. by vestibuluin : to 
 cross the t. of any art, v. artis alicujiis 
 Ingredi, yuint. i. ;, t. Join: v. adi- 
 tusque, Cic. Or 15, 50: v. entrance: 
 in Sen. Ep. 49. 6, a limine salutare = to 
 tread onh/ on the t. of any subject, 
 without going farther. 
 
 thrice : fr . t. in a year, t. in anno, 
 
 ■PI. Baa s, 2, 9: tu'iie or t.. bis t.que, 
 
 Cic. : V. twice . of an indef. number, 
 
 Hor. Od. J, J, 6; : t. and four times, 
 
 84r8 
 
 t.que quaterqne, Virg, Aen. 12, i?;: 
 t. et quater, Hor. Od. i. ji, 1 ? : t, quater, 
 Ov. F. I, 5';6 ol an indef. high degree : 
 t. and four times happy, t.que quaterque 
 beati, Virg. Aen. i. 94 t. is expr. by 
 tertiat i in Cato apud Serv. vini-s v hich 
 bear t. a year, triferae vites. Plin. 16, 
 21, 50. 
 
 thrift: I. Thnving state: pro- 
 
 spSritas v. prosperity, fortune. ||. 
 Thriftiness, frugality: 1, fiueali- 
 tas : ivhat is deficient in the revenue 
 vill be supplied by t., quod ces.sal ex 
 reditu frugalitate suppletur, Plin. Ep. 
 
 2, 4 : Cic. • V. FliUGALITT, ECONOMY. 
 
 2. parsimonia : t. is a great income, 
 magnum vectigal est p., Ci<'. Parad. 6, j : 
 t. is too late when all is spent, sera p. in 
 fundo est, Sen. Fp. i, 5 |||, A plant : 
 perh. statice. Plin. 26, 8. J}: *armeria 
 maritlma, Lindley. 
 
 thriftily : frugaltter : 80 parce, f., 
 Hor S. 1,4, 107 : v. economically, 
 
 SPARINGLY. 
 
 thriftiness: v. thrift. 
 
 thrifty: I. Thriving, prosperous: 
 prosper, or more freq. prosperus : v. 
 piiosPERons, SUCCESSFUL. ||. Econo- 
 mical : 1. frngi (prop, a dat. : often 
 strengthened by bonae : used as an 
 indecl. adj. : cnnip. frugalior, sup. frii- 
 galissimus): he Hvis rathci- sparingly : 
 let him be called t., parcius hie vivit, 
 frugi dicatur, Hor. S. 1, ?, 49: v. eco- 
 nomical. 2. parcus (often iu a bad 
 sense, niggard) : v. sparing. 
 
 thrill ("•) •• A. T r a n s. : nearest 
 expr. perh. perstringo, nxi, ctum, j ; an 
 intense horror t.s the beholders, ingens 
 horror perstringit spectaiites, Liv. i, 25: 
 so also it may be expr. Ijy to wound, 
 pierce. B. Intrans. : Phr. : a 
 chilling dread t.'d through thtm, gelidus 
 per ima cucurrit ossa treiuor, Virg. Aen. 
 2, 121: her breait t.s nith joy, gaudia 
 pertentant pectus, id. ib. 1, 502: tke 
 lire of love t.s through my members, 
 sub artus flamma dimanat, Catul. 51, 
 10 • to t. with sorrow, medullitus dolore 
 commoveri, App. M. 10, 250, extr. : my 
 mind t.s with fresh fear, recent! mens 
 trepidat nif-tu, Hor. Od. 2, 19, 5. 
 
 thrill (•-«''«.)•" striiigor (shock): the 
 t. caused by cold water, s. gelidae aquae, 
 Lucr. i, 687 : or horror (shiid/ier) : so, 
 tremulus b., I'rop. 1,5, 15: Liv. 1,25: 
 tvliat a t. went through me '. qui me 
 horror perfiidit, Cic. Att. 8, 6, j. 
 
 thrilling: vi brans: the t notes of 
 the nightingale, v. souus lu.sciiiiae, Plin. 
 10, 29, 4} : t. pt-riods, v. sententiae. 
 Quint. 10, I, 60 : at. sound, horrisonus 
 fremitu.=, Virg. Aen. 9. 55 ; t. cold, 
 tremulum frigus, Cic. Aiat. 68 : v. keen, 
 .shrill, piercing. 
 
 thrive : 1. vigeo, 2 (to be strong) .- 
 to live and t., vi\ere et v., Cic, N. D. 2, 
 i!, 8; (said of plants) : / hear that he t.s 
 excellently in the Academy, eum in Aca- 
 demia ma.\inie v. audio, id. de Or. j, 28, 
 no so, vigesro, gui, i (to begin to t.) : 
 Lucr. : Cic. Tac. 2. vireo, 2 : a 
 t.ing field, vireiis agellus, Hur. A. P. 
 117 Cic. Virg.: also viresco, nii, j: 
 Lucr. : Virg. : Plin. [N'.B. — These two 
 verbs occur in a remarkable passage : 
 his vigorous spirit was strong within 
 his lively breast, and his faA:ulties still 
 throve and flourished, vegetum inge- 
 nium In vivido pcctore vigebat, vire- 
 batque integris sensibus, Liv. 6, 22, 
 adfn.^ 3. provgnio, veni, ventum, 4 : 
 the corn had thriven but poorly, friimen- 
 tum angustius provinerat, Cues. B. G. 5, 
 24 I'lin. 4. cotivalesco, lui, j (to 
 grow strong) : the infant t.s, infans con- 
 valescit. Just, j, 2: the trees t., arbores 
 convalescunt, Varr. R. R. i, 2!, 6. 5. 
 vivesco, vixi, } : the tree t.s, arbor vivescit, 
 Oil. Arb. 16,2: Lucr. 6. cresco, crevi, 
 cretnm, ji v. grow. 7. floreo, 2: v. 
 i-LOCRisH. 8. niteo, 2 (to bloom, t. : 
 esp. of outivard appearance : usu. in 
 part.) : t.ing fields, campi nitentes, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 677 : v. bloom : also as 
 incept., mtesco, nitui, j Plin. 1 1, 2;, 54. 
 Phr.: to t., prospi-ritale uti, Nep. Att. 
 21, I (where he has also gratia for- 
 
 tnnaque crescere) • v. peospek, (be) fok> 
 TUNATK : ill gains seldom t., male parta 
 male dilabuntur, prov. in Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 
 65 (R. and A.). 
 
 thriving (part, and adj.): 1, 
 expr. by part, of some of tbe preced. 
 verbs: »=. 9. nitens. 2, vggetus: Cic; 
 
 Liv.: V. SPRfGHTI.Y, vigorous. 3. Ul- 
 
 tidus (esp 01 plants and animals, with 
 ref. to outward appearance) : t. cropn, 
 u. fruges, l/ucr. 2, 594: Cic. 4. laetus 
 (lit. JO ///«/) ; t. shrubberies, 1. viridia, 
 Phaedr. 2, 5, 14 : Virg.. Hor.: v. fertile, 
 LUXURIANT. 5. prosper, or more freq. 
 prosperus : v. pri ispeuous. fortunate. 
 throat : 1. fauces, ium, /. pi, 
 
 (sometim^s in alil. sing in the poets: 
 the t., esp. its upper portion) thirst 
 parches the t., sitis urit f., Hor. S. i, 2, 
 114: an nicer in the <., ulcus in fauci- 
 bus, Cels. 2, 7 (hence exulceratio fau- 
 cium, etc., id.). Fig. : to grasp by the 
 t., laucibus tenere, I'l. Cas. 5, J, 4 : f. 
 premere, Cic. Verr. j, 76, 176 (of quash- 
 ing an argument): V. jaws. 2. gut- 
 tur, uris, n. (usu. both sing. a.ndpl. • the 
 upper part of the gullet, esp. as the out- 
 let of the voice); the windpipe rises in 
 the t., arteria in gutture assurgit, Cels. 
 4, I, ad init. : the slender t. of the bird, 
 tenue g. avis, Ov. Am. i, IJ, 8: Hor.: 
 to pierce the t. with a Icnife, fod- 
 ere guttura cultro, Ov. M. 7, J14. 3. 
 gilla ( lie gullet from the mouth to the 
 stomach) : how many thingspass through 
 one t., quantum rerum transeant per 
 unam gulara. Sen. Ep. 95, 19 : for its 
 exact sense, cf. Plin. 11, 37, 68, "sum- 
 mum gulae fauces vocatur." 4. jii- 
 giUum or -us (prop, the hollow part of 
 the neck round about the collar-bone) : 
 to put the sword into the t., gladium 
 demittere in jugulum, PI. Merc. ^,4, 28: 
 to pierce the t., j fodere, Tac. A. j, 15: 
 resolvere (gladio, cultro, etc), Ov. M. 
 I, 227 : Cic. Cat. J, I, 2. Fig.: to aim 
 at the t., j. petere, ^nint. 8, 6, 51 (of 
 argument). 5. gurgfilio (of animals) : 
 
 V. GULLET, WINDPIPE. 6. OS, Oris, 71. 
 
 (prop, tlie mouth) : the tcords stick in 
 the t., in primo destitit ore sonus, Ov. H. 
 4, 8 : Ae roars ghastly from his t. of 
 blood, fremit horridus ore cruento, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 296. [N.B. — The phr. collum 
 torquere, obstringere, obtorquere (alicui) 
 denote to seize by the t. and drag to 
 prison.'] 
 
 — , to cut the : 1. jugiilo, i : 
 footpads rise by n ight to cut men's t.s, 
 ut jugulent homines surgunt de nocte 
 lafrones, Hor. Ep. i, 2, J2 : Cic. 2. 
 expr. by a phr. : to cut the t. with a 
 razor, secare fauces novacula, Tac. H. 
 I, 72 : Suet. : to cut one's t., gulam prae- 
 secare, Sen. Vit. Beat. 19, i : of an in- 
 former, to cut men's t.s by a whisper, 
 jugulos aperire susurro, Juv. 4, no: t.- 
 cutting, jugulatio, Auct. B. Hisp. 16. 
 
 throatwort: * digitalis purpurea: 
 
 v. FOXGLOVE. 
 
 throb ("•)■■ 1. palpito, I. niico, 1, 
 saUo, 4 : V. P.4LPITATE. 2. singulfio, 
 4: Pers. 6, 72. Phr.: to cause to t., 
 pulso, I : hence t.ing fear, pavor pul- 
 sans, Virg. G. j, 106. 
 
 throb (subs.) : } pulsus, us : tlie t. 
 
 throbbing : 5 of the veins, p. ven- 
 arum, Plin. 29, 1,5: v. pulsation. 
 
 throbbing (adj) : expr. by a part. : 
 v. THROB: pulsuosus, Cocl. Aur. 
 
 throe : d61or (esp. of the t.s of child- 
 birth) : V. pang, pain. 
 
 throne : I. l' i t. ; 1. solium : 
 a golden t., s. aureum, Virg. Aen. 10, 
 116: to sit on the royal I., regali in solio 
 sedere, Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 69. 2. expr. 
 by sedep, sella regia: v. seat: to see the 
 rof/al t. vacant, sedem regiam vacuain 
 videre, Liv. i, 16 the t., sella (regis), 
 Curt. 8, 4, 15. 3. thronus (flpofo?) : 
 Plin. II. Fig.: 1. best expr. by 
 a phr. with regnum (regal power) ■ im- 
 perium (imperial poiver) : principatus, 
 lis (supreme power) : to cull to the t., ad 
 regnum accire, Liv. I, i5 ; ad regnand- 
 um accire, Cic. Rep. 2, ij : to be driven 
 from the t., regno pelli, Liv. I, 40: to 
 lestore to the t., restituere in regnum
 
 THRONG 
 
 T H it O \V ABOUT 
 
 THROW DOWN 
 
 Nep. Iphicr. 2, I : the foil. plir. are 
 nsed of the emperors ; to suciyai to the 
 t^ recipere imperium. Suet. Tib. J4: to 
 ascend the t., imperium caperc, id. Claud. 
 10; adipisci, id. Ner. 6; poliri iinperio, 
 id. Cal. 12. tlie imperial govi'rnnu-iitwa.s 
 even called ri-s publica: heiiO', to sit un 
 tlie t., tenere rem publicam, id. Tit. 5 : 
 to abdicate tlie t., rem puliliaim pddcrc, 
 id. Aug. 28; other expr. are: to ascend 
 the t., rcrum potiri, Tac. A. i, 5 : pm- 
 puram sumere, Eutr. 9,8: v. ruKi-i.K; 
 regem creari, etc. : v. king. 2. sf>'iuni 
 (both sing, and /il. : poet.) : to sit on the 
 t. and siuaij the sceptie, solio sceplroque 
 poiiii, Ov. M. 14, 11;. Hor. : Lucr. 
 
 throng (m/'av): 1. frgquentia- a 
 t. of fru-nds, f. amicornra, Q. Clc. I'etit. 
 Cons. I, {. Join: f. et multltudo, Cic. 
 Verr. Act. i, "], 18. 2. ceifbritas : Iluxte 
 tA«<.,odic.,Cic. Att i,'],adinU. Join : 
 muUitudo ct c, id. Fam. 7, 2, 4. 3. 
 multltudo, iiiis,/.; v. multitudk. 4. 
 c6hors, rtis, /. (a band : mostly poet.) 
 a t. (if friends, c. amicorum, Suet. Cal. 
 19: Hor.: V'irg. 5. exaracn. inis, n. : 
 a t. of poets, e. vatum, Stat. S. 5, ;, 284: 
 V. swARSi. 6. turba (a confused 
 
 mob): V. crowd: a t. of people is de- 
 scribed in Gell. 10,6 as " t. undique con- 
 fluciitis fluctuantisque populi." 
 
 throng (»•)•■ 1. ceiebro, l: to t. 
 tlie house, c. domum, Cic. Mur. ?4, 70: 
 ilie vestibule is t.'d 11-ith citiztyis, fre- 
 quentia civium celebrutur vestibulum, 
 id. de Or. i, 45, 200. 2. frgquento, i 
 (most usu. in poet.): to t. the temples, 
 f. templa, Ov. F. 4, 871. 3. slipo, i 
 (to press chsely together, most freq. In 
 part, perf.) : with a great company t.- 
 ing around, magna stipante cateFva, 
 Virg. Aen. 4, ij6: Cic: v. environ. 
 4. expr. by affluo, xi, xuni, i (to 
 flow, t. towards), Tac. A. 4, 41 : con- 
 fluo, xi, xum, ; (tojlow, t. together), Cic. 
 Brut. 74, 258 : or influo, xi, xuni, j (to 
 t. into), Cic. 
 
 throstle : turdus : V. THRUSH. 
 
 throttle {subs.) .- gurgiilio : V. 
 
 THROAT. 
 
 throttle ("■)•■ 1- strangiilo: to t. 
 (any OIK) bi/ difTicuUi/ of breathing, 
 fauces spiritus uifficultate s., Cels. 2, 10 : 
 a swollen throat t.s the utterance, fauces 
 tumentes strangulant vocem, Quint, it, 
 
 }, 20: V. CHOKE, STRANGLK. 2. SUf- 
 
 f6co, t: to t. his father, s. patrem, Cic. 
 Mur. 29, 6i. 3. praefoco, i : to t. 
 the passage of the breath, p. animae 
 viani, Ov. lb. 556. 4. expr. by a phr. : 
 oblidere fauces, Tac. A. 5. 9 : Cic. ; in- 
 terpremere, PI. Kud. ?, 2, 41 ; elidere, 
 Ov. M. 12, 142 : to t. two snakes, elidere 
 gemiiios angues, Virg. Aen. 8, 289. 
 
 through {prep.): I. Motion, ex- 
 tensi(m t. : 1. per (with ace.) : to see 
 t. the memlnranes of the eyes, p. nit-m- 
 branos oculorum cemere, Cic. N. 1). 2, 
 57, 142: t. the forum, p. forum, id. Att. 
 14, 16: a h undred affairs Jlash t. my 
 b)-ain and stnti up at my side, negolia 
 centum p. caput et circa saliunt latus, 
 Hor. S. 2, 6, I?. 2. expr. by conipd. 
 verbs: the moon shining t. the wiyidons, 
 percurrens luna fenestras. Prop, i, j, 
 31 : the prep, may be elegantly repeated : 
 to break t. the midst of the foe, perrum- 
 pere per medios hostes, Caes. B. G. 6, 40. 
 II, During, throughout, {of time) : V. 
 THBOUGHouT. Ill, By means of : 1. 
 usu. expr. by abl. of cause, manner, or 
 Instrument: v. Lat. Gr. }} Iil-)IJ- 2. 
 per (mostly with ace. of person): to 
 learn t. scouts, p. exploratores cognos- 
 cere, Caes. B. G. i, 22 : to team war- 
 fare by toil and experience, niilitlain 
 discere p. laborem usu, Salt. C. 7 (al. 
 laboris usu). 3. propter (with 
 
 ace. : rare) : those t. nhnm he lives, 
 tl p. quos vivit, Cic. Mil. 22. 58 (1'. e. 
 those whom he has to thank for his 
 life). 4. "b: v. from. uv. Phr.: 
 t. me th/ni hast recovered 'larndum, niea 
 operaTarentumrecepisti,Cic. Sen. 4, 11 : 
 t. the ring he rose to be king, annuli 
 beneficio rex exortus est. id. Off. 5, 9, 
 j8. [US. — The gerund is never used 
 In the abl. with a prep."] |V. On 
 
 account of: 1, ob, propter: v. AC- I 
 consT (III. on account of). 2, P^r 
 (rare: cf. I>at. Or. A 556, 17, obs. i); 
 I. age, p. aelaiem. Cic. .M.inil. 1, i: t. 
 fear, p. metum, PI. Aul. 2, i, 12. 3. 
 
 e.\ v. FROM. 
 
 through {adv.) : usu. expr. by comp. 
 verbs- / have read tlie third book t., 
 urtiuni libruin perlegi, Cic. Div. 1, 5, 8 : 
 (() run any one t. and t. uith a sword, 
 transigere aliquem gladio, Tac A. 2,68. 
 
 throughout (prep.): 1. per (of 
 space or time: with expr. of time it is 
 emphatic, Lat. Gr. ^ 249, Obs. i): t. tlie 
 whole city, p. totiiii urbem. Sail. C. jo : 
 t. tlie iiint'-r, p. hieniem, Cat. R. K. 2;. 
 2. expr. by the ace. of lime, with- 
 out a. prep., Lat. Gr. I.e.: often strength- 
 ened i)y toius. 3. expr. by the abl. 
 of time. Lat. Gr. } J22 : they marched 
 incessantly I. the night, tota nocte coii- 
 tincntcr lenini, Caes. B. G. 1, 26. 
 
 throughout {adv.): pgnitus, pror- 
 
 SIIS: V. KNTIKKLV, WllOI,I.Y, THOROUGHLY. 
 
 throw (y ) : 1. Jacio, jeci, Jactum, 
 J (constr. with in and ace. : poet with 
 dat.) : to t. stones, J. lapides, Cic. Mil. 
 15, 41 : to t. a cup at somebody from 
 one's hand, j. scyphum in aliquem de 
 luanu, id. Verr. 4, 10, 24. Fig.: to t. 
 aspersions upon illustrious women, J. 
 probra in feminas illustres, Tac. A. 1 1, 
 1 ? : lot. ridicule {upon), j., mittere ridi- 
 culuni, Cic Or. 26, 87. 2. jacto, i 
 (freq. of preced.) : to t. clothes and 
 money from Oie naU, J. vestem argen- 
 tumque de muro, Caes. B. G. 7, 47 : to 
 t. themselves lieadlong from the nails, 
 j. se niuris in praeceps, Curt. 5, 6, 7 : to 
 t. k-isses, j. a facie manus, Juv. j, 106: 
 of dice, Ov. : see phr. 3. conjicio, 
 jeci, jectum, ? (stronger than jacio) to t. 
 hunting spears from their liaiids, c. 
 venabnla manibus, Ov. M. 12, 454: to t. 
 any one into chains, c. aliquem in vin- 
 cuia, Caes. B. G. 4, 27 : to t. oneself into 
 a nuirsh, c. se in paludem, Liv. i, I2; 
 to t. cannon-t>alls (shells) into a town, 
 *c. globes tormentarios in urbem, Kr. 
 (cf. Liv. 2J, J7): Fig.: to t. rein- 
 forcements into the middle of the 
 line of battle, c. auxilia In mediam 
 aciem, Caes. B. G. J, 24: to t. one's ei/es 
 upon any one, c. oculos in aliquem, 
 Cic. Off. 2, I?, 44: to t. the eiiemy into 
 consternation, c. hostes in terrnrem, 
 Liv. J4, 28: V. CAST. 4. niitto, niisi, 
 missiim, } (to sejul : esp, of missiles) : 
 to I. their javeliiu^, in. pila, Caes. B. C. ?, 
 g; : to t. 'iread to a dog, m. panem cini, 
 Pliaedr. 2, J, J : to t. full in one's face, 
 m. in adversa ora, Ov. M. 12, 257: to t. 
 oneself from a lofty rock, m. se saxo ab 
 alto, id. ib. 11, J40: of dice, Aug.: see 
 phr. : V. FLIXG. 5. jaciilor, i (prop. 
 to hurl the javelin : tlience used alisol., 
 Cic. Off. 2, I J, 4;') : to t. firebraniis on to 
 the vessels, J. puppibus ignem, Virg. Aen. 
 2, 276 V THROW INIX). 6. torqueo. 
 torsi, torium, 2 : v. hi:rl. [N.B.— The 
 precise equiv. for t. is to be sought for 
 under the various preps.] Phr.: (i.) to 
 t. a stone at one, impiiigere lapidem 
 alicui, Pliaedr. ?, 5, 2 : to t. an apple at 
 one, petere aliquem malo, Viru. K. j, 64 : 
 to t. money anumg the croud, spargeie 
 numnios popnlo, Cic. Phil. }, 6, 16 : 
 whence a weapon may be thrown on to 
 the shore, unde adigi (adjici, al.) telum 
 in litus posset, Caes. B. G. 4, 2} : a 
 ivrestler thrice thrown, luctator ter ab- 
 jectus. S.-n. Ben. ;, ;, i : a horse that t.s 
 /ii,": nviei-, equus sternax, Virg.: v. throw 
 OFF : to t. troops into the towns, perh. 
 occupare uri'i'S, Liv. }?. ?t : to t. over- 
 board, in marl Ja<turam facere, Cic. Off. 
 ?, 2?, 8 . (iifien fig.): it is madness to t. 
 good mmieii after bad, perh. lumr est 
 post omnia perdere naulum {passage- 
 money), Juv. 8. 97. (ii.) ol dice: expr. 
 by jiicere, PI. Cure. 2, J, 78; Jactare. Ov. 
 A. A. 2, ?o!; mitti-re, Aug. in Suet. 
 Aug. 71 : to t. for the oli ce of king of 
 the feast, S'>rtin regna vini talis. Hor. 
 Od.i, 4, 18 V. THROW (subs.), IllK. 
 
 about : jacto, wtot. ant's arms 
 
 about, J. brachia, Lucr. 4, 767 : Cic ; v. 
 toss. 
 
 throw across, over : 1. tra- 01 
 
 tran^Icio, Jeci, jecium, } (for the coiislr 
 see L. G ^ 292, Obs. 4) : to t. a standard 
 across the rampart, t. vexilliim trans 
 vallum, Liv. 25, 14 : to t. a dart over the 
 wall, murum jaculo t.,Cic. Fin. 4, 9, 22: 
 bridges having been thrown acrott, poD- 
 libiis transjectis, Hirt. B. G. 8, 9: to t. 
 troops across a river, t. milites trao* 
 flumen, Liv. 2, 11: so without trans, 
 
 Caes. B. C. I, 55 v. TRANSht)RT. 2. 
 
 trans- or tramitto, niisi, mtssum, j : a 
 bridge liaving been thrown across, ponte 
 transmlsso, Suet. Cal 22: Liv. 3. 
 
 injicio, j6ci, jcctum, } : to t. a trridgt 
 over, i. pontein, Liv. 26, 6 : Caes. B.C. 2, 
 
 10: V. IIRIIXiK. 
 
 around : circumjtcio. or cir- 
 
 cuminjicio, J6ci, jectum, j Liv. j^, 4 ; 
 25, j6: lor the constr. v L. <i. ^ 292, 
 Obs. 4. I'h r. . to t. one's arms around 
 some one's neck, brachia injicere cuUo, 
 Ov. M. i, 589; coUo dare brachia cir- 
 cum, Virg. Aen. 2, 792. 
 
 aside : abjlcin, jGcl, Jeclum, j : 
 
 to t. aside tnjles, a. niigas, Hor. tp. 2, i, 
 
 141 : V. THBOW AWAV, LAY ASUtE, Bl- 
 NOUNCE. 
 
 at : Jaculor. I : to t. a sharp 
 
 iceapon at, j. (aliquem) ferro acuto, Ov. 
 
 lb. 49 : v. also THROW, THBOW IN, INTO, 
 AIM AT. 
 
 — away: 1. abjlclo, jeci, jec- 
 tum, J (scanned sometimes &bicii in 
 Ov. : Juv.): to t. away one's sliield, a. 
 scutum, Cic. Tusc. 2, 2}, 54. Fig. : to 
 t. away one's life, a. vitam, id. Alt. j, 
 19: to t. a house away (i. e. sell too 
 cheap), a. aedes, PI. Most. 4, 2, J. 2. 
 projicio, jeci, j> ctum, } (t. forwards, on 
 the ground) : to t. their arms auxiy, p. 
 arma.Sen. Ben. ;, 2, i. Fig. : to t. away 
 their lives, p. animus, Virg. Aen. 6, 416 . 
 to t. away hope, p. spem, Plin. Ep. 7, 27 : 
 
 V. FLING AWAY, <;IVE UP, RENOUNCE. 
 
 3, Jacio, jeci, jactum, f: to t. their 
 shields away, scuta jacere, PUut. Trin. 4, 
 3, i7- 4. jacto, I : to t. their arms 
 aivay, j. ariiia, Liv. 1, 27, cui fin. : PL 
 (mittere, omittere arma is rather to let 
 fall). I'hr. : tot. Hi'/nej/au.'ay, pecnniam 
 disjicere, Val. Max. }, 5,2; conjicere (in 
 aliquid), Cic. Off 2, r7,6o: v. SQUANUbB: 
 to t. away a book from one's bosom, re- 
 jicere librum e gremio, Ov. Tr. i, i, 66: 
 to I. a" ay one's labour, ligna In silvam 
 leriv, H -r. .S, i, 10. 54 (prov.). 
 
 back : 1. rejicio. jccl, jectmn, 
 
 i (someiimes contracti-d in scaiming: 
 reice = rnjice, Virg.) : to t. back Mc 
 iveapon amidst the foe, r. telum in hostess 
 Caes, B. G. 1,46 : to t. back the toga from 
 the shoulder, r. togam ab hunnris, Liv. 
 2J, 8, extr.: to t. optn a door, januam 
 r., Plin. j6, 15,24,^ 112: V. oi-kn. 2. 
 rejecici, 1: Lucr. 3, rggero, gessC 
 gestuni, } ; tot. tHKk taunts, r. coiivicia, 
 Hor. S. I, 7, 29. 4. supine, i, or r6- 
 supiiio, I (to t. on the back, t. back) : v. 
 BACK. Phr.: the head thrown back, 
 supinum caput, yuiiit 11, j, 69. 
 
 — before, in the way of: L 
 
 objicio, jeci, jectiun. J (!<-anned .<orad- 
 times obicis, etc.) : to t.food txfore dogs, 
 cibumcanibuso., Plin. 8. 40, 61, a J med.: 
 to t. oneself before the chariot, o. .■k-se ad 
 currum, Virg. -Aeii. 12, J72 Cic Kig. : 
 tlie lot which fortune has thrown in tfour 
 way, quam sorlem furs objecerii, Hor. Sw 
 I. I, 1. 2. objecto, I (freq. o( precaL: 
 veiy rarely in lit. s<'iis<''): v. KxrnsR. 
 
 3. oppono. piVui, j>fteiiuni, j mature 
 t. the sniniy Alps in his way, opposuit 
 natura .\li)eraiiiie nlvemque, Juv. 10, 
 
 152: v. PUT BEFORE, INTERI'OSE,0»'P<V)R, 
 
 4, projicio, jeci, jectum, J: to sniff 
 at the food tliroii-n in your ivay. projcc- 
 tum odorari cibum, Hor. Epod. 6. la 
 F I g. : to t. mysi If in the way ofdang-r, 
 p. me, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 6 (li. and A. : lure 
 absol.). Phr.: tot. one's shield btfjrt 
 one, dare objectimi parmae. Lucr. 4, 844, 
 
 down : 1. dfji^o. ji'ii. j«- 
 
 tum, 3 . to (. any one d^nvn from a rock, 
 d. aliquem de saxo, Liv. 5, 47 to t. a 
 statue down, d. staluam, Clc. Cat, }, 8, 
 19. 2. praeclpito, i (to t. don-n head 
 long: constr. with dc ex, or 176, and 
 859
 
 THROW DOWN 
 
 THROW UPON 
 
 THRUST AWAY 
 
 ablat.) : to t. oneself down from a tower, 
 p. se de turri. l-iv. ij, 37 : Cic. Fin. 5, 
 II. Jl- 3. deturbo, i {to t. down with 
 violence) -. the. wind has throvm down the 
 tiles from the roof, ventus deturbavit 
 tegulas de tecto, I'l. Rud. i, I, 6; Cic; 
 
 V. HURL DOWN, FI.IN(i DOWN. 4. prorUO, 
 
 rui, riituni, j (to t. dmvn flat): to t. 
 doiim apillar, CDlumnam p., Hor. Od. i, 
 j;, 14 : houses lliriiwn down by an earth- 
 quake, teirae motibus prorutae donius, 
 Tac. A. 12, 4?. 5. sterno, stravi, 
 stratum, ? {to level with the ground : 
 freq. in poet.) : the elephant t.s doivn his 
 stall vnth his tusks, elephantus j^tabula 
 denlibus st^niit, Plin. 8, 9. 9 : Virg. : 
 Liv. : the compds. are: (i.) prosteino : 
 V. PROSTRATE ; (li.) constemo (very 
 rare): Liv. 40, 45, 6. aftiigo, xi, 
 ctuin, i : profligo, i : v. dash down. 
 7. everto, ti, sura, j : v. OVEB- 
 
 THBOW, OVERTURN. UPSKT. 
 
 throw (oneself) down : 0) to cast 
 
 oneselj down Jrom a height : dejicere se, 
 Caes. B. C. i, i8; praecipitare se, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 18, 41; se praecipitem dare, 
 Hor. S. I, 2, 41 ; jactare se in praeceps. 
 Curt. J, 6, -J ; v. headlong ; abjicere se, 
 Cic. Tusc. 1, 34, 84. (ii.) to fliny oneself 
 on the floor, etc. : abjicere se (in herbani"), 
 Cic. de Or. I, 7, 28 ; id. Tusc. 2, 2J, 
 54; rejiccre se (in grabatum, on to a 
 bed), Petr. 92, J. (iii.) to t. oneself at 
 some one's feet : ad pedes alicujiis se 
 projicere, Cic. Sest. 11, 26; abjicere, id. 
 ib. J4, 74 ; prosternere, v. prostrate. 
 
 in, into : 1. injicio, Jeci, Jec- 
 
 tum, ? (inicit, Sil.) : to t. fire into the 
 camp, i. ignem castris, Liv. 40, ji : to t. 
 oneself into the midst of the foe, i. se in 
 medios hostes, Cic. Dom. 24,64. PMg. : 
 to t. the stale into confusion, i. tumultuni 
 civitati, id. Cat. }, }, n. 2. immitto, 
 misi, missuni, j : to t. javelins into the 
 enemy, i. pila in hostes, Caes. B. G. 6, 8 : 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 48, 116. 3. inggro, gessi, 
 gestum, } : to t. wood into the fire, 
 i. ligna foco, Tib. 2, i, 22. [N.B.— For 
 other varieties of e.\pr. see throw and 
 the foil. ; — P h r. : to t. into the fire, 
 projiceie in ignem, Caes. B. G. 7, 2; : to 
 t. oneself inln any body's lap, rejicere 
 se in gremiuin alicujus, Lucr. i, 34: 
 Ter. : to t. any one into jn-ison, in car- 
 cerem aliqueni praecipitem dare, afier 
 id. Andr. 1,3,9: he ordered him to be 
 thrown into a dark dungeon, in vincula 
 atque in tenebras abripi Jussit, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 10, 24 : to t. legions into a toivn, 
 praesidium oppidi tuendi causa mittere, 
 after Caes. B. G. 7, 1 1 (where the add. of 
 8ublt^>, raptim, would help to expr. the 
 verb) : to t. oneself heart and soul into 
 verse-making, c. se meiite ac voluntjite 
 in versum, Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 194; the 
 pain having thron-n itseffinto the heart, 
 dolore in cor trajecto, Hor. S. 2, 3, 29.] 
 
 off: 1. exciitio, cussi, cus- 
 
 sum, 3 {to shake off) : the horse threw 
 his rider off, equus excussit equilem, 
 Liv. 8, 7. Fig. : to t. off fear, e. me- 
 tum, Ov. M. 3, 689 : Cic. : Hor. 2. de- 
 jicio, jeci, jecium, t {to t. down): throum 
 off his horse, dejeclus equo, Caes. B. G. 
 4, 12. Fig.: to t. ofT the yoke of slavery, 
 
 d. servile jugum, Cic. Phil, t, 2, 6 : v. 
 YOKE. 3. exiio, ui, utMm, 3 {strip off) : 
 to t. off ones bauds, e. vincula, Ov. M. 7, 
 ']•}} : to t. off the yoke, e. se jugo, Liv. 
 i4, 13. Fig. . to t. off one's disguise, 
 perh. "alienam personam e., cf. t^uint. 
 12, 10. 7t; Liv. i, 36: to t. off one's 
 allegiance, e. sacramentum, Tac. H. j, 
 42. 4. exsolvo, vi, lutuin, } : to t. 
 off one's clotlies, e. amictus, Stat. S. i, 5, 
 53. Fig.: to t. offtlie restraints of lau; 
 
 e. (legis) vincula, Tac. A. 3, 3J : v. lay 
 ASIDE, PUT OFF. P h r. : a horse that 
 t.s his rider off, sternax equu.s, Vi'g. 
 Aen. 12, 364: to t. his rider, ^icere 
 equitem, id. ib. 10, 894; to t. him ovn 
 his head, lapsum super caput efTun- 
 dere, Liv. 22, } : to t off the dogs 
 tmmittere canes : v. let slip. 
 
 on. on to: v. throw upon. 
 
 open: piteiScio, feci, factum, 3 
 
 ▼. OPEN. P h r. : tot. open the door, jan- 
 uam rejicere, Plia 36, 15, 24. $ 112. 
 <6o 
 
 throw out: \. To cast out : 1. 
 ejTcio, jeci, Jectum, 3 : to t. oneself out 
 of the ship on to the shore, e. se in terram 
 e navi, Cic. Verr. s. i5. 9'- Fig.: tot. 
 out the scheme <fthe Cynics, e. lationem 
 Cynicorum, id. Off. i, 41. 148: v. cast 
 OUT, reject. 2. ejaculor, i : v. 
 
 shoot out. 3. jaculor, l : Plin. : 
 
 V. ejiit. 4. Jaclo, i: to t. out light 
 frmn its body, j. de corpore lucem, Lucr. 
 5,575; subjecto, I (to t. out from below) : 
 V. throw up. 5. projicio. jeci, jectum, 
 3 (to t. forward) : to t. oneself out of the 
 ship, p. se ex navi, Caes. B. G. 4, 25: 
 to t. them out unburied, p. insepultos, 
 Liv. 29, 9 : to t. a roof out, p. tectum, 
 Cic. Top. 4, 24 {aixhitects' t. t.). 6. 
 ago, egi, actum, 3 (mostly poet.) : to 
 t. out sparks, scintillas a., Lucr. 2, 675 : 
 Virg.: Plin. ||. 7b utter: 1. 
 
 Jacio, jeci, jactum, 3 : to t. out hints, 
 j. significationes. Suet. Ner. 37 : to t. 
 out suspicimis, j. suspicionem, Cic. Flac. 
 3, 6 : lac. 2. jacto, I {freq. of pre- 
 ced.) : to t. out threats, J. minas, Cic. 
 Quint. 14, 47. 3. injicio, jeci, jectum, 
 3: Cic. Quint. 21, 68. 4. ingero, 
 
 gessi, gestum, 3 : to t. out opprobrious 
 remarks, \. probra, Liv. 2, 45, ad fin.: 
 Tac. 5. objecto, i : PI. Most. }, 2, 
 I2J. 6. expr. by mentionem facere, 
 V. mention, hint. Phr. : an assertion 
 casually throvm out, forluitus jactus 
 vocis, Val. Max. i, 5, 9. 
 
 over : 1. injicio, jeci, jectum, 
 
 3 : tot. a cloak over anybody, i. pallium 
 alicui, Cic. N. I). 3. J4. 8j v. throw 
 UPON. 2. objicio, jeci, jectum, 3 
 (only in fig. sense) : to t. a veil over 
 deceits, o. nubem fraudibus, Hor. F^p. I, 
 16, 62. Phr.: to t. the shield over the 
 back, rejicere scuta, Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 
 
 294- 
 to : objicio, j5ci, jectum, j : v. 
 
 throw before, in the WAV OF. 
 
 -- together: 1. conjicio, jeci, 
 jectum, 3 ; to t. tlwir knap.iacks t. into 
 aheap, c. sarcinas in meiluiin, I.,iv. 31, 
 27- 2. conjecio, i : Gell. 
 
 under: 1, subjicio, jeci, jec- 
 tum, 3 : to t. torches under, s. faces, 
 Cic. Mil. ?5, 98 (in a fig. pass.): v. put. 
 PLACE CNDKK. 2. subterjacio, 3 : Pall. 
 
 UP : 1. subjicio, jeci, jectum, 
 
 }: {to t. up from below) : to t. up their 
 darts, tragulas s., Caes. B. G. i, 26 to t. 
 {al. subigere) «p the earth with a 
 ploughshare, s. terram ferro, Cic. Leg. 2, 
 18, 45. Freq. : subjecto, I : to t. up 
 rocks, s. saxa, Lucr. 6, 700. 2. ejecto, 
 I (to t. out) : to t. up ashes, e. favillam, 
 Ov. M. 2, i3l : to t. up his bloody meal 
 from his mouth, e. dapes cruentas ore, 
 id. ib. 14, 211. 3. eructo, i (to belch 
 forth) : to t. up blood, e. sanieni. Virg. 
 Aen. 3, 632 : to t. up flames, rajKnir, and 
 smoke, c. fiammas, vaporem, luuium. 
 Just. 4, I : v. vomit. 4. ruo, rui, 
 
 ruitum, 3 (poet.) : to t. up a dark clr/ud 
 to the slcy, r. atram nubem ad coelum, 
 Virg. G. 2, 308. 6. sfiperjacto, 
 
 I: Val. Max. 9, 2,4: v. toss dp. 
 6. exstruo, xi, ctum, 3 (to heap up) : 
 to t. up an earthwork, e. aggerem, 
 Caes. B. C. I, i : v. heap up. 7. P^e- 
 jacio, Jeci, jactum, 3 (to t. up in front) : 
 Col. 8, 17, 10. Phr. : earth thrown up, 
 regestum. Col. 11, ?, 10: speaking of 
 Aetna, Virg. Aen. 3, 572. 'oil. has 
 " prorumpere nubem " ... " attollere 
 globos" ... "erigere eructantem sco- 
 pulos : " cf. Lucr. 6 699: of a whirlwind 
 tearifig up crops, sublime expulsam se- 
 getem eruere, id. G. i, 320 (= to tear 
 up by the roots and t. up into tlie air). 
 
 upon : 1. superjicio, Jeci, 
 
 jectum, 3 : to t. oneself upon the funeral 
 pile, s. se rogo, Val. Max. i, 8, extr., 10: 
 limbs upon which a garment hus been 
 throvm, membra superjecta cum veste, 
 Ov. H. 16, 222: Suet. 2. superinjicio, 
 no pf., jectum. 3 : tot. man ure upon any- 
 thing, s. finium, Plin. 17.9.6 : Ov. : Virg. 
 3. ingero, gessi, gestum, J: to t. 
 stones upon those who are arming up, 
 i. saxa In subeuntes, Liv. 2, 65 : Virg. 
 Phr.: Ihaite ivelcomM tliee, thrown upon 
 my shores, ejectum littore excepi, Virg. 
 
 Aen. 4, 373: the moon t.s its light upon 
 the earth, lumen mittit luna in terram, 
 Cic. N. t>. 2, 40, 103 : to t. one's eye* 
 upon anything, oculos adjicere alicui 
 rei, id. Verr. 2, 15, 37 : to t. light upon 
 a subject, adhibere lumen, id. de Or. j, 
 I ?, 50 : (so, afferre : in these expr. 
 clearness is opp. to obscurity) : to t. the 
 blame upon, culpani relegare in aliquem, 
 Quint. 7, 4, 13; regerere, Plin. Ep. 10, 
 30 : v. BLAME : to t. the odium of it 
 upon the senate, invidiam ad senatnm 
 rejicere, Liv. 2, 28 : / t. myself upon 
 your good faith, ego me tuae fidei com* 
 niendo et committo, Ter. Eun. 5, 2,47: 
 Cic. Mil. 23, 61 when cold irater was 
 thrown upon, every plan, quum omnia 
 consilia frigerent, id. Verr. 2, 25, 60. 
 
 throw {subs.) : 1. jactus, fis : 
 
 vriihin a weapon's t., intra tell jactum, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 608: a lucky t. of the 
 dice, prosper tesserarum j., Liv. 4, 17. 
 
 2. conjecius, lis: to come as near 
 as a weapon's t., venire ad c. teli, Liv. 
 
 2, }l : v. throwing. 3. b61us(/3()Aos): 
 I'l. : Aus. 4. al^a (only fig.): to stake 
 all upon a t., dare suminam rerum in a., 
 Liv. 42, 59: V. venture, risk. Phr.: 
 the highest t., basilicus (sc. jactus), PI. 
 Cur. 2. 3, 80; Venus, Prop. 4, 8, 45 : the 
 lowest t., canis, id. 4, 8, 46: an unlucky t., 
 vulturiiis, II. Cure. 2, ?, 78: to make a 
 t., tesseram mittere, Ov. A. A. 3, 354; 
 for the various t.s see Pict. Aniiq. voce 
 talus. 
 
 throwing (*"''s) •■ 1. jactus, lis. 
 
 the t. if thunderbolts, j. fulminum, Cic. 
 Cat. !, 8, 18: v. CASTING, hurling: 
 (ill IMg. = Jactura, a t. overlward). 
 2. missus, us: the t. (fa jave- 
 lin, m. pili, Liv. 9, 19: (missio, Vitr.) 
 
 3, conjectio : the t. of weapoM, c. 
 teloruni, Cic. Caecin. 15, 43: so con- 
 jecius, us, Liv. 4. jaculiitio {a hurt 
 ing^ : Sen. : Plin. : Quint, (fig.) : jacu^ 
 latus in Tert. [N.B. — The compounds 
 are numerous : — At. away, abjectio. 
 Quint, (fig.) : a t. back, rejectio {— t. 
 up, e. g. of blood), Plin. : a t. betiveen, 
 interjectio", Auct. Keren. (fig ): at. down, 
 dejectus, us, Liv. : a t. fomards, pro- 
 Jectlo, Cic: a t. on, injectus, iis: Tac: 
 Plin. : a t. round, circumjectio. Am. : 
 a t. to aruifro, jactatio, v. to.ssing : a t. 
 together, conjectus, Qs, Cic. : a t. in the 
 way of, objectus, lis, Lucr.] 
 
 thrower : 1. jacfiiator, Hor. Od. 
 
 3, 4, 56 ; f. -trix, Ov. M. 5. J75- 2. 
 dejector (a t. doivn), Ulp. Dig. 9, 3. 5. 
 
 }4 
 
 thrum {subs.) : licium : to add t.s to 
 the web, 1. telae addere, Virg. G. i, 285 : 
 Ov. : Plin. 
 
 thrum (v.) ■■ to t. the piano, *clavi- 
 chordium misere obtundere : to t. the 
 guitar, *citharam (imperite) radere. 
 
 thrush: I. '*« bird: turdus: 
 
 Hor.: Varr. : Plin.: 't. musicus, Linn.: 
 a place to keep t.s in, turdarium, Varr. 
 L. L. 6, 1. 51. (The/, turda, which occurs 
 in IVrs. 6, 24, is denied by Schol. ad loc. 
 and Varro R. K. 3, 5. 6.) ||. A disease: 
 aphthae. Mar. Enip. 11 (as Gk., a4>9<u, 
 C'els. 6, II, where he speaks of them as 
 " ulcera)." 
 
 thrust (.i>-) ■• 1. t™<lo, si, sum, i : 
 to be dragged and t. at the same time, 
 trahi et t. simul, PI. Capt. }, ;, 92 to t. 
 a sluggard into the f lay, t. inertem in 
 proelli, Hor. Ep. i, 5, 17 : to t. anyone 
 forward into the comitia (i. e. bring into 
 office), t. aliquem in eoniitia, Cic Alt. I, 
 16, 12. Freq., trusito, i, Pliaedr. : trfiso, 
 I, Catiil. 2. pello, pepuli, pulsum, J : 
 
 V. DRIVE, PUSH. 
 
 against t 1. obtrudo, si, sum, 
 
 3 : A pp. M. 7, p. 200. 2. impingo, p5gi, 
 pactum, 3 : v. dash, strike auainst. 
 
 at: peto. p6tivi, petitum, 3: to 
 
 t. at the breast with a suord, pectora 
 gladio p., Ov. M. 5, 185 • to t. at the 
 enemy, punctim p. hostem, Liv. 22, 46: 
 so, punctim ferire, Veg. Mil. i, 12, init.: 
 V. AIM (III.). 
 
 away : 1. abstrudo, si, sum, 
 
 3 : to ^ the gold away, a. aurum, PI. AuL 
 
 4, 5, 3 (= CONCEAL, q. v.). 2. depellok 
 
 piUi, pulsum, 3 : V. DRIVE AWAT.
 
 THRUST BACK 
 
 THUNDERBOLT 
 
 TH Y 
 
 thrust back : r<>trud'>, no pf., toiii, 
 ;: PI. Kpid ?. 2, 66. 
 
 dO'Vn: detrudo, si, sum, ?: to 
 
 I. donn awl cimfine as it vxre in the 
 poundivg-mill, taiiquam dL et compiiig- 
 ere in pistrlmiiii, Cic. de Or. i, ii, 46: 
 to t. dinvn til the naves of the Styx, d. 
 ttygias ad iindas, Virg. Acn. "], 77 J. 
 
 forth : V. THRUST OUT. 
 
 forwards : pioirudo, si, sum, j : 
 
 lot. a cyliwler forwards, p. cyllndrum, 
 Cic. Fat. 19, 4}. Lucr. 
 
 in. into ■ 1. introtrOdo, j : 
 
 Cat. K K. i;7, 14: (ai. Intro trudo: 
 
 intrudo once fig. in Cic. : v. inthudk). 
 
 2. Inipello, paii, pul.sum, ?: he 
 
 I. a mountain on its side, impulit 
 montem in latus, Virp. Aen. i, 82: to 
 t. in a SI' Old up to the h ilt, ferrum 
 capiilo t<'niis i., SiL 9. j82. 3. '">- 
 pingo, pogi, pactum, } to t. into pnson, 
 i. in carcerem, Ulp. Dig. 48. !, n v. 
 STBiKK INTO. 4. condo, didi, ditiim, j 
 {to hide : poet.) : to t. his lingers into 
 his eyes, c. digitos in liimlna, Ov. M. ij, 
 561 : to t. a sword into his bieast, c. 
 ensem in pcctore, Virg. Aen. 9, 548. 
 Phr. : to t. a sword into his throat, 
 gladium jngulo defigere, Liv. i, 26; 
 ferrum jugulo adigere, Suet. Ner. 49 : to 
 t. a sword into the breast, pectori ferrum 
 ioserere, Sen. Hippol. 1172 (1177). 
 
 off; to t. off ships from the rock, 
 
 detrudere naves scopulo, Virg. Aen. i, 
 145: so. e.xpellere in altuni, \A\-. 41, }. 
 
 out : 1. extriido, si, sum, ; : 
 
 to t. out any one into the street, e. ali- 
 quem in viam, Cic. de Or. 2, ;8, 2J4: PI. 
 2. expello, puli, pulsum, j : you 
 have t. me oul from my home, me niea 
 domo expulistls, Cic. I'is. 7. 16. Join: 
 expulsus atfiue ejectus, id. Quint. 7, 28 : 
 V. DRIVE OUT. 3. ejicio, jeci, jpctum, 
 J (constr. with ex or de and abl.) .■ to t. 
 out the tongue, e. linguam, Cic. de Or. 
 a, 66, 266 : to t. out any one from the 
 ienate, e. aliquem ex senatu, id. Sen. 12, 
 
 42: Liv.: V. PUT OUT, EXPEL. 4. ^X- 
 
 turbo, I : to t. nut some one's eyes, e. ali- 
 cni oculos, PI. Pocn. i, 2, 172 : to t. any 
 one out headlong f 7 om his home, e. ali- 
 quem focis patriis praecipitem, Cic. Rase. 
 Am. 8, 2} 6. projicio, jeci, jectum, ;: 
 to t. any one out of the city, p. aliquem 
 ex urbe, Ov. M. i;, 504: Cic: (.so pro- 
 trudere, to t. forth, in Amm ). 
 
 together : contrudo, si, sum, J : 
 
 Cic. Coel. 26, 6j. 
 
 through : perfSro, I : to t. 
 
 . through his suie tvith a suord, p. latus 
 ense, Ov. Tr. j, 9, 26 : v. bun through, 
 
 STAIt, PIERCE. 
 
 thrust {subs.) : 1. pgtitio (the act 
 of thrusting, defined by Serv. ad Aen. 
 9, 4!9, as impetus gladiorum) : I have 
 narrowly avoided your <.s, which ivere 
 so made that tlwy seemed to be inevitabU, 
 by a slight movement of the body, p. tuas 
 ita conjpcliis ut vitari non posse videren- 
 tur parva quadam declinatione, et, ut 
 aiunt, corpore effugi, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15 : 
 T. ATTACK. 2. maims, us (a t. t. of 
 fencing) : straightfonvard t.s, m. rectae, 
 6implices.(julnt.9, 1.20: a prime, second, 
 tierce, quart, m. prima, secunda, tertia, 
 quarta, id. 5, i ;, 54 (q. v.). 3. puncta 
 (opp. to coesa, a cut) : to make a t., p. 
 inferre, Veg. Mil. i, t2. 4. pliiga (a 
 t. or cut which imunds) : Veg. Mil. 1, 
 
 II, extr. : V. m.ow. 
 
 thud : peril, sonitus (ictus), gravis, 
 vastus: cf. Virg. Aen. 5,4;;. 
 
 thumb (subs.) : p<illex, ici.<. ni. : in 
 full, dijilus p., Caos. B. G. ?, l } : adj. : 
 polUcaris(</a t.'s breadth or Ihickntss) : 
 anything of the thickness of the t„ 
 allquid pollicari crassitndine, Plin. ij, 
 2J, 45; dlgiii pollicis crassitndine, Caes. 
 B. G. J, II : to bring the t. and middle 
 finger together, medium digitum in 
 pollicem contrabere, Quint, u. ?, 92. 
 'ITje t.s were pressed dii^vii when a 
 gladiator (v. Did. Ant. sub voce) was 
 to be saved, up when he was to be 
 killed : hence p. preniei^ Plin. 28. 2, 5 ; 
 vertere, convertere, Juv. j, 56. Phr.: 
 a Tom-t., hop o' my t., siiliputlum, 
 Catul. s;, 5. 
 
 thumb ("•) •■ • poUice versare (cf. 
 Hor. A. P. 269). 
 
 -screw: •tormentumpollicibUB 
 
 admovendum (Kr.). 
 
 thump (»"''«.) : nearest word co- 
 laphus (blow u-ith the fist) : to give a t., 
 c. ducere. Quint. 6, }. 8 j : incutere, Juv. 
 
 9.5- 
 
 thump (v.): 1. conlundo, tiidi, 
 tusuni, J : to t. vilh tlw. fists, c. pugnis, 
 PI. Bac. J, i, 46; so, obtumlere, id. 
 Am. 2, I, 62. 2. tundo, tui&di, tun- 
 sum or tusuni, j : to t. the lireast irith a 
 stalce, t. pectus palo, PI. Hud. ;, 1, j : 
 Cic; V. BEAT, BKi.AiwnR. Plir. : to t. 
 any one, pugnum ducere alicui, Paul. 
 Wg. 47, 10, 4. 
 
 thunder (sub.i.) .- 1. t6nUrus, us 
 or toiiltruiim (lonitru only in gram.: 
 used boih sing, and pi. ; usu. 7>eut. In 
 pi.): there is t. and lightning, lulgores 
 et tonitrua exisiunt, CIc. Dlv. 2. 19, .j4 
 (observe the order) : a t.-storvi sud/ienly 
 arose, subito coortii est tenipesias cum 
 niagno fragore tonitribusque, I^iv. i, 16: 
 he used to dread t. and lightning, toni- 
 trua et fulgura expavcscebat, SueL Aug. 
 90. [N'.B.-Sen. N. Q. 2, ;6 remarks, 
 '• nos tonitrua pluralit^r diciraus. anti- 
 qui autem lonilruni dl.xeruiit aut toiuiin. 
 Hoc apud CJaecinnam invenio."] 2. 
 
 Iiagor, oris, m., (a crashing sound of I. : 
 for which cl.imor tonitruum. poet, in CIc. 
 Fam. 8, 2, l): an almost unbroken roar 
 'ft., prope continuus coeli f.. Curt. 8, 4, 
 4 : t. and lightning, fulraiua et coelestis 
 f.. Quint. 12, 10, 24 : peals of t. in close 
 siu:cession, f. crebrl. Sen. Clem, i, 7, 2: 
 the t. of artillenj, * tormentoruni fra- 
 gores (kr.). Fig.: his sublimity ex- 
 torted those t.s of applause, sublimitas 
 e.xprc-ssit ilium f.. Quint. 8, J, ?. 3. 
 expr. by sSnitus, Us, etc.: you know tlu 
 t.s of my eloquence, nosti s. nosiros, Cic. 
 Att. I, 14, 4: t., s. Olympi, Virg. Aen. 
 6, ;86. Phr.: it is summer t., aestl- 
 vum tonat, .Juv. 14, 29; : t., poll rulna, 
 Val. Fl. 8. i?4 : the t. of my language, 
 fulniina \erborum meorum, Cic. Fam. 
 9, 21, init. 
 
 thunder ("•)•• 1. M>no, ui, i 
 
 (mostly impers.) : hoiv loud it t.'d '. ut 
 valide tonuit, PI. Am. 5, i, 10: when Jove 
 f..<t, Jove tonante, poet, in Cic. Div. 2, 18, 
 42 : Aetna t.s with horrid crash, Aetna 
 tonat minis horrificis, Virg. Aen. j, 571. 
 Fig.: I'ericles vMS .wul to t. and lighten, 
 Pericles fulgere, t. dictus est, Cic. Or. 9, 
 29. 2. I'.tuno, ui (avi), I : the heav- 
 ens t.'d, Intonuere poll, Virg. Aen. 1,90: 
 it t.'d on the left, intonuit laevum, id. 
 ib. 2, 69J. Fig.: the voice of the tribune 
 t.'d, vox tribuni inlonuit, Cic. Mur. }8. 
 81 : V. RESOUND. 3. contOno, I (to 
 t. heavily): it t.s u-ilh a long un- 
 l>roke)i roar, contonat continuo sonitu 
 maxinio, PI. Am. 5, i, 45. 4. per- 
 t6no, ui, I (only in late Lat.) IJier. 
 Phr.: to cease l.ing, detonare, Virg. 
 Acn. 10, 809 (fig.). 
 
 around : circumtSno, ui, I (to 
 
 make a noise round) : Ov. ; Hor. (fig. 
 only). 
 
 at ; attono, I (poet. : seldom 
 
 except in part. perf. pass. : v. Maecenas 
 in Sen. Ep. 19, 9'). 
 
 back : retuno, ui, I : Catul. 6}, 
 
 82. 
 
 down: detono, ui. i: Jove t.s 
 
 doivn, Jupplter detonat. Ov. Tr. 2, J5. 
 
 forth : 1. 'Siio, ui, I : to t. 
 
 forth ifords in the forum, t verba foro. 
 Prop. 4, I, 154. 2. inlono, ul (.avi), i : 
 to t. forth threats, i. minas, Ov. Am. i, 7, 
 46 : Liv. 3, prOtono, i : Val. Fl. 4, 
 205. 
 
 over, upon : intOno, ui (avi), i 
 
 (rare): Hor. Kpod. 2, 51 (pass.). 
 
 -bolt : 1. fulmen, Inis, ti. : 
 
 to hurl a t., f. emittere, jacere, Cic Div. 
 2, 19,44: struck byat., fulmiuepercu.ssus. 
 Id. N. D. J, 22, i"i : the bird that guards 
 the t.s, ales mini.ster fulminis, Hor. Od. 
 4, 4, 1 (i. e. the eagle) : see also Sen. 
 N. Q. 2, J9, seq. Fig.: to despise the t. 
 of fortune, fortunae f. contemnere, Cic 
 i'usc 2, 2T, 66: the two ts of war, duo 
 f. belli, Virg. Aen. 6, 84J: Cic: Lucr.: 
 
 to threaten with the ta of the dwlatjr- 
 ihip, luimeu dictatonum intenl&re (In 
 aliquem), Liv. 6, }q,ati med. (IC and 
 A.): hence, the tj of theiatican, *t. 
 pontificate, etc. 2. fulgur. Oris, n. 
 
 (very rare); Hor.Od. 2, 10, ij. Phr.: 
 struck by a t., de coelo tactus, Liv. 15, 
 7: Cic: Virg. 
 
 thunderer; tsnans, ntis: as epitb. 
 of deilks : e. g. Ov. H. 9, 7. 
 
 thundering (part, and adj.) : L 
 tiJnaus, mis: t. Jove, t. Juppiier. Hor. 
 Od. !,;,!: called nititonans, Knn. ((. on 
 hig'i) : a t. oration, oratio fulgurans, 
 ' t., after Plin. Kp. 1. 10. 2. t^JiiUriialis : 
 j App. 3. expr. by verbs : he calls on 
 the gods in t. tones, tonal ore deos, Virg. 
 Aen. 4. 510. 
 
 thtinder-Btruck : 1. atiinitua 
 (.sometimes jioet. wilh<7e».): t.at such 
 sights, tallbus a. vists, Virg. Aen. j, 172 : 
 long time was site like one t., diu aliuii- 
 itae similis full, Ov. M. 5, 510. [S.li. — 
 The liU .sense Is rare; a. aures. Curl. 8. 
 
 4, 2 (of persons in a thunden-torm) : to 
 render their minds t., attonare nientex, 
 Ov. M. J, 5J2.'] 2. fulmlnatus (very 
 rare): t. at this announcement, f. bac 
 pronunchitione, Petr. 80, 7. 3. Ictus • 
 the consuls t. at this fresh ocriirrnice, 
 nova re ictl, Liv. 27,9. 4. obsiupf- 
 
 factus: V. AGH.V.ST, amazed, ASTOMsllKU. 
 
 Thursday: •diesJovis. 
 
 thus : 1. 1'* ('" tfiat uvy : it 
 
 refers either to what preced. or foil.): t. 
 it comes to pass that reason rules, passion 
 obeys, i. fit ut ratio praesit, appetitus 
 obtemiieret, Cic. OIT. i, 28, 101 : he t. 
 treats with Caesar, is i. cvun Caesare 
 agit, Caes. B. G. i, i j : therefore he « 
 devoid of virtue : t. he is not ere?! happy, 
 expers Igitur virtutis: i. ne bealus qui- 
 dem, Cic N. D. i, 40. 114: v. so. 2. 
 sic (in this icay : often syn. of preced.) : 
 L. Tarquinius, for t. he had altered his 
 name, L. Tarquinius, s. enim iiomen in- 
 flexemt, Cic. Uep. 2, 20 : t. he began to 
 speak, ingressus est s. loqui, id. ib. 2, 
 I : is it t. that thou hast abandoned 
 me? siccine llciuisli.' Catul. 64, IJ2. 
 3. t. he Siieaks, talia fatur, Virg. 
 pass.: and t., itaque: v. then, thebk- 
 FORE : t., ad hunc modum, Caes. B G. 
 
 5, 24: t. much, tantum : t.far, hactenus, 
 Cic; usque adeo, ib. : sometimes (.^ 
 inde, hiiic: v. thenci-; hence: t. they 
 
 say that Tarquin said tliat quod 
 
 Tarquinium dixisse feruni, se..., Cic. 
 Am. i;, 5!- 
 
 thwack (subs.): ictus, us: v. BLOW: 
 verlxr, eris, n. ; v. jfTRlPK. 
 
 thwack (''•) •• mulco, I : v. BKI-A- 
 BOUK, itEAT. P h r. : to t. tvilh a cudgel, 
 fuste dolare, Hor. S. 1, 5, 2} : to get 
 soundly t.'d, pugnos edere, PI. Am. I, 
 I, i?6. 
 
 thwart (subs.): transtrum: Cic: 
 Caes. : Virg. 
 
 thwart (adv.): in transversum: r. 
 
 ACUO.S.S, OIILUJLKLY. 
 
 thwart ("■) •• 1. obsto. 8'"i. "tl- 
 
 tum, I (with dat. of the objecf): v. or- 
 POSE, OBSTRUCT, RESIST. 2. obtrecto, 
 I . to t. each other mutually, o. InU-r se, 
 Nep. Arlst. c , i . J o i n : aut olistare aut 
 o.. Suet Tib. 10. 3. luU-rvfiilo, v*iii, 
 ventum, 4 (to come bttiveen) : trhat god 
 has t.'d your lovef vestro quis Dens in- 
 lervenit amorl? Calp. Kcl. 2, 21 : fortune 
 seldom t.s a u-ise man, forluiia exigua 
 Intervenit saplenti, Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 6j 
 (napfinrimeiv). 4. rcfriigor. I : 
 
 to t. a very frinuUy man, r. humini 
 amicissimo.Cic. Phil. 11, 9, 20: Liv. 
 5. dlsjldo. jOci, Jectum, ? : tor the 
 leader's plans, d. consilia duels. Liv. 2?. 
 14 to t. their exftectation, d. exvpecta- 
 lionem. Suet. Caes. 42. 6. disiurbo, 
 I : to t. and pervert the lav; d. «c per- 
 vertere legem, Cic. .\gr. 2, J7. 101. 7. 
 (rustror. i: v. kbustrate, dusappoint. 
 P h r. : the t.'d fortune of the stale, tnins- 
 versii fortuna rel publicae, Cic Brut 
 97. ni- 
 
 thy : t""" ■ "°' '° *** expr. where the 
 
 context is clear: the only excep. are at 
 
 the close of a pent, verse, and In the 
 
 Ter. phr. " animum tuum Intendere, ad- 
 
 861
 
 THYME 
 
 TIGHT 
 
 TIME 
 
 JTingere," as in Hec. 4, 4, 61 : cf. Nagelsb. 
 Styl. p. 242. 
 
 thyme: thymum: Hor. : Virg. : 
 •thymus vulgaris, Linn.; fmid of t., 
 tbyiniamus. Fl. Bac. ?, 2, 11 : made of 
 t., thyraicus, Col. 6, ?!, 2; t.-tvine. thy- 
 mites. ae, m., id. 12, 55, i. ivildt., ser- 
 pyllura, Virg. Plin. : *tl)yinus s., Linn. : 
 another kind was cunila gallinacea, Plin. 
 20, 16, 62 : creeping t., herpyllum or 
 -U8, App. Herb. ['S.B. Epilhymum is 
 not the bloom, but dodder parasitical 
 on t.] 
 
 thvrSUS: thyrsus: Hon: Ov. (v. 
 Diet. Ant.) .■ bearing the t., thyrsiger. 
 Sen. : the ureath-d t., redimitum missile, 
 Stat. Acli. 1,612. 
 
 tiara : tiara or tiaras, ae : the sacred 
 t., sacer tiaras, Virg. Aen. "j, 247. 
 
 tibia : "bia, Phaedr. 5, 7, 8 : Cels. : 
 adj. : tibialis. 
 
 tick (subs.) : I. An insect : rlctn- 
 us. Cat. : PUu. : * Ixodes r., Latreille. 
 II. Co Bering of a bed, bolster, etc. : 
 •involucrum tomenti. |||, Click, 
 
 beat : (?) crepitus, vis. |V, Credit : 
 fides, ei,/. : v. cbedit. 
 
 tick (w) •■ the clock t.s, * horologium 
 in nunienim crepitat (?) : to t. off names, 
 perh. *puncto nomina notare. 
 
 ticket (■■•«'«.) : 1. tessgra (token, 
 billet) : t.for corn, t. frunientaria, Suet. 
 Ner. II ; frumenti, Juv. 7, 174. Dimin. : 
 tesseriila, Pers. 5, 74. 2. pittacium 
 (a slip of parchment) : v. label. 3. 
 titiilus a t. (of a house to let), Plin. Ep. 
 7, 27 : to affix a t. to an nffering, addere 
 t. muneri, Ov. M. 9, 79J. Phr. : the 
 house had a t. on it, domus proscribe- 
 batur, Plin. Ep. 7, 27. 
 
 tickle : tltlllo, i : pleasure u-hich t.s 
 the senses, voluptas quae quasi titillaret 
 sensus, Cic. Fin. i, 11, jg (always fig in 
 Cic. and qual. by tanquam, quasi) Hor. 
 S. 2, J, 179. Phr.: tu t., titillationem 
 adhibere, Cic. N. D. I, 40, loj: to t. 
 the palate, tergere palatum, Hor. S. 2, 2, 
 
 24 . V. EXCITK. 
 
 tickling : 1. titjllatio : Cic. N. D. 
 1,40, 1 1 J. 2. tilillatus, us, Plin. 11, 
 J7, 77. (The other forms are titiilus. 
 Cod. Theod. : titillamentum, Fulg. 
 Myth.) 3. confricatio; Aug. Conf. 
 4.8. 
 
 ticklish: I. Lit.: expr. by verb. 
 II. Fig.: lubricus: boyhood is a 
 t. age, (puerilis) aetas maxime 1., Cic. 
 Verr. ;, 52, IJ7 v. .slifpf.rv, danger- 
 ous Phr.: at. situation), res trepidae, 
 Sail. J 91 : saltus damni (com.'), PI. Men. 
 5. 6, ;o. 
 
 tide (subs.) : I, .notion of the sea : 
 Lit. : aestus, us (more fully with qual. 
 adj.) : the ebb and /ioi" of the t.s are con- 
 trolled by the motion of the moon, mar- 
 Inorum aestuum accessus et recessus 
 luiiae molu guhernantur, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 
 J4 : the foiling and ebbing t.s, a. raari- 
 timi accedentes aut recedentes, id. S.D. 
 2, ; ?, I }2 : the t.s ebb and flow, a. maris 
 accedunt et reciprocant, Plin. 2, 97, 99 : 
 springs ebb and flow ivith the t.. fontes 
 cum aestu maris crescunt minuuntur- 
 que, ill. 2, 102, 105,$ 2:9: the t.s ebb and 
 flow twice in the 24 hours, a. bis afHu- 
 unt bisque reraeant vicenis quaternis 
 horis, id. 2, 97, 99 : the rising of the t., 
 exortus aestus, id. ib., extr. ; the t. rises, 
 a. iritumescit, id. ib. ; allabitur, Tac. A. 
 I, 70: nhen the t. had swept in, cum ex 
 alto a. se incitavisset, (^aes. B. G. }, 12 : 
 th£ turn of the t., conimutatio aestus, id. 
 ib. 5, 8: as the t. went liowu, minuent« 
 aestu, id. ib. j, 12: nen-s nas brought 
 that the t. nas going down, nuntiatum 
 est a. decedere, Li v. 26, 45 : a. maris se 
 resorbet, refluit, residit, Plii- 2, 97, 99 
 (q. V.) : with the t., against the t., aestu 
 secundo, adverso. Sail. Fragm. : with 
 wind and t., ventum et a. secundum 
 nactus, Cies. B. (i. 4, 2; : they are driven 
 back by the t., cursus aestu reverberatur, 
 Curt. 9, 9, 8 spring-l.s, a, maxime tu- 
 mentes, maximi, P'lin. 2, 97. 99 ; Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 29 ; neap-t.s, a. inanes. Plin, 1. c. : 
 to sail nith the t., a. occupare. Curt. 9, 9, 
 27. Phr.: the t. ebbs and flows, ma.Te 
 accrescit et resorbetur, Tac. Agr. 10: 
 862 
 
 the ebb and flow of the t., receptus et 
 recursus maris, Eumen. Pan. Const. 6, 
 fin.: the t. came in, mare subibat. Curt. 
 9, 9, 7 ; aquae (leni tractu) subibant, id. 
 9, 9. 25 : a spring nhich is covered at 
 flodd-t., fons qui fluctu operiretur, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 5;. 118 the t. began to ebb, coe- 
 pit reciprocari mare. Curt. 9,9,20: Just. 
 44, 4 : V. EBB. Fig.: 1. aestus, us : 
 a t. of genius has swept thee far from, 
 shore, te quasi quidam a. ingenii procul 
 a terra abripuit, Cic. de Or. }, !6, 14; : 
 test the tide of custom carry us away, 
 ne nos a. consuetudinis absorbeat. id. 
 Leg. 2, 4, 9. 2. cursus, us : the full 
 t. of eloquence, eloquentia quae cursu 
 magno sonituque ferretur, Cic. Or. 28, 
 97: V. COURSE, STREAM. Phr.: he be- 
 gan to swim with the t., se ad niotus for- 
 tuiiae coepit movere, Caes. B. C. 2, 17 ; 
 to go with the /., prospero flatu fortunae 
 uti, Cic. Otf. 2, 6, 16 the t. of the pros- 
 perity of states ebbs and fioits, *opes 
 civitatum crescunt ac decrescunt. ||, 
 Time : tempus, (iris, n. : v. TtUE. 
 
 tide (i'-; • <" '• "wer a difficulty, ea 
 quae premant facile transire, Cic. Fam. 
 9, I, 2. 
 
 tidal: *quod aestu movetur: o t. 
 estuary is thus described in Plin. Kp. 9, 
 jj: •' fluniinis aestuarium vice alterna 
 prout aestus aut reprcssit aut inipulit, 
 nunc infertur mari, nunc redditur stag- 
 no." 
 
 tidily : munde : v, neatly. 
 
 tidiness ; munditia : v. neatness. 
 
 tidings: nuntius: V. NEWS. Phr.: 
 at the t. that Marcius teas advancing 
 into Cilicia, andito Marcium in Ciliciam 
 tendere, Sail. Fragm. : Liv. 
 
 tie ("■) •• 1. 'iSO, I ; alligo. I : v. 
 BIND (and compds.), fasten : also fig. : 
 
 V. RESTRAIN. 2. nodo, I : V. KNOT. 
 
 3. copiilo, I : to t. an animal's 
 head to his foot, animalis caput c. ad 
 pedes, Veg. Vet. j, 49 : t.d in marriage, 
 copulati matrimonio, UIp. Dig. 24. i, ?2 : 
 V. JOIN. Phr.: to t. one's hair in a 
 knot, colligere capillos In nodum, Ov. M. 
 J, 170 : to t. a knot, nodum nectere. Sen. 
 Ep. 117, ji ; astringere, Curt, j, i, 15: 
 
 V. KNOT. 
 
 tie (subs.): 1, copiila: the t. of 
 marriage, c. nuptialis, App. M. 2, p. 
 120: an unbroken t., irrupta c, Hor. Od. 
 I, 13, 18. 2. vinculum: v. bond. 
 3. nodus: v. knot. 4. necessi- 
 tudo, inis,/. (t. of blood or friendship) : 
 that t. is tliought light of, ea n. levis 
 ducitur. Sail. J. 80 ■ the t. of brother- 
 hood, fratenia n., Cic. Quint. 4, 16: as- 
 sociation in the quaestorship stands 
 next to the t. of children, haec quaesturae 
 coiijunctio liberorum necessitudini prox- 
 inia est. id. Fam. ij, 10, i. 5. con- 
 Junctio : t.s of blood bind m^n, sanguinis 
 c. devineit homines, Cic. Off. i, 17, 55. 
 I* h r. ; family t.s are closer, artior est 
 coUinatio societatis propinquorum, id. ib. 
 I. 17,5?. 
 
 tier : ordo, Tnis, m. : v. row. 
 
 tierce : tertia manus (t. t. in fenc- 
 ing) V. THRUST: for its other applica- 
 tions V THIRD. 
 
 tiger, tigress: tigris, is or Idis, 
 coinm. (in prose, masc. : in poet. usu. 
 fern.: cf. L. G. i 141, 2, Obs.): Plin.: 
 Virg, : Hor. : marked like a t., tigrinus, 
 Plin, I ?, 15, }o : t.-rearing, tigrlfer, Sid. : 
 a t.-skin, tigris (discolor), Stat. Th. 9, 
 686. 
 
 tight ; 1, strictus : a t. knot, s. 
 nodus, l^iv. 24, 7 : a t. garment ivhich 
 shows the limbs, vestis s. et singulos 
 artus exprimens, Tac. G. 17. 2. 
 
 astrictus : a shoe that is not t., soccus 
 non a., Hor. Ep. 2, I, 174: (i. e. loose): 
 a shoe that galls (= t.) is calceus uretis. 
 id. hp. I, 10, 4J. 3. restrictus : with 
 gown neither t. nnr flowing, toga neque 
 restricta neque fusa. Suet. Aug. "}}. 4. 
 subslrictus : a t. tunic, s. tunica, Gell. 
 7, 12. 5. artus (arctus): a t. bridle, 
 a. frenum, Tib. 4, i, 91 : t. fastenings, 
 a. compages, Virg. Aen. i, 291 : Cic: 
 v. close. 6. contentus (tense) : a t. 
 rope, c. funis, Hor. S. 2, 7, 20 (opp. to 
 laxus). Phr.: to tie t.. stringere, re- 
 
 stringere (Hor. Od. i, 5, 55) : v. folL 
 art. and bind. 
 
 tighten : I. stringo, nxi, ictum, 
 }: to t. the reins, s habenas, Stat. Th. 
 II, 51 J: v. BIND TIGHTLY. 2. astringo. 
 nxi, ictum, j: to t. his bonds by move 
 ment, a. vincula motu. Ov. M. ii, 75: 
 to t. a noose, laqueum a.. Sen. Ira j, 16, 2. 
 3. contendo, di, sum, } (to drato 
 together) ; to t. the bonds, c. vincula, 
 Virg. G. 4, 412. Join: c. atque adda- 
 cere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57. Phr. : to t. 
 the reins, inhibere frenos, Liv. i, 48. 
 
 tightly : 1. stricte : Pall. 4, 8, 
 2; strictim, id. i, ij, 2. 2. arte- 
 v. closely. 3. expr. usu. by adj. 
 or vb. 
 
 tightness : expr. by adj. or vb. 
 
 tile (*"*«•) •■ 1. t6gula(<./oraroof, 
 etc.) : not to leave a t., t. relinquere 
 nullam, Cic. Alt. 9, 7, 5: to let down 
 through the t.s, per tegulas demitt«re. 
 Id. Phil. 2, 18, 45 : to live under the t.s, 
 sub tegulis habitare. Suet. Gram. 9 (i. e. 
 on the top story) : a roof-t., t. coUiciaris, 
 Cato R. K. 14, 4 : a t. that measures tivo 
 feet, t. bipedalis, Vitr. 7, i, 6. 2. im- 
 brex, Icis, /. (once m. in Plin. : a pan- 
 or gutter-t.) : a storm has shattered the 
 t.s, tempestas confringit legulas i.que, 
 PI. Most. I, 2, 28 : Virg. : shaped 
 like a t., imbricatim (adv.), Plin. 
 3. testa: to floor vjith stones or t.s, 
 lapide aut t. snbsternere, Varr. R. R. 2, 
 J, 6 : Vitr. 2, 8, 19 : adj. testaceus : 
 t. umk, t. opus, Plin. Ep. 10, 46. 4. 
 tessgra (a checker for pavements) : a 
 large t., t. grandis, Vitr. 7, i, 5. Dimin. : 
 tesseUa : so also abaciilus, Plin. : v. 
 checkek, mosaic. 5. pavimenlum : 
 houses covered with t.s, aedlficia tecta 
 pavimentis, Auct. B. Alex. i. 6. later, 
 6ris, m. : dimin., latercillus : v. brick. 
 
 tile (i>-) •• expr. by tegulis tegere, 
 substemere, etc. : v. preced. art. : a txi 
 roof, tegulicia attegla, Inscr. 
 
 tiler : no class, expr. : Kr. gives con- 
 tegulator (Jurisct.); tegularius (Gloss.): 
 Quich. has figulus ab imbricibus (Inscr.) 
 = tile-maker. 
 
 tiling: expr. by tegulae (,pl.): ▼. 
 tile. 
 
 till (pi'ep-') •• nsque ad : v. until. 
 
 till ("•) •• c61o, colui, cultiim, j : v. 
 culthate. 
 
 tillage : cultus, lis : cultura : v. cul- 
 tivation, AGRICULTURE. 
 
 tiller : I, .^ cultivator : cultor : 
 
 V. cultivator. II. Handle of a rwi- 
 der: ansa gubemaculi, Vitr. 10, J (8), 5: 
 or clavus (lit. the handle which is prob. 
 always employed for the whole rudder), 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 177 : v. rudder. 
 
 tUt (subs.) : I. A covering : perh. 
 velum; V. AWNING: arcera was a coDered 
 waggon for the sick : Varr. : Non. 
 II, Military combat: v. tourna- 
 ment. Phr.: he urges his horse fuU-t. 
 against the consul himself, equum in 
 ipsum infestus consulem dirigit, Liv. 
 2,6. 
 
 tilt (v.): j. To raise up one end of : 
 proclino, i (?) : to t.a cask, * p. dolium. 
 II. To combat nith larKes : perh. 
 *celebrare certamen equitum hastis 
 cuiicurrenlium, Politian. Ep. 12, 6(quoted 
 by R. and A.). [N.B— Avoid •hasti- 
 
 ludium : V. TOURNAMENT.] 
 
 timber : 1. materia or materles. 
 ei./. ; to cut doiiii t., caedere m., Caes. 
 B G. J, 29 : Vitr. 2, 9 (q. v.) • hence 
 materiari, to procure t., Caes. B. G. 7, 
 7J: adj., materiarius: a t. merchant, 
 m. negotiator, Inscr. : or simply m., PL 
 Mil. ?, J, 46. 2. lignum : defined 
 in Gai. Dig. 50, 16, 62, a.«i " omne 
 genus materiae :" usu. a log, Reah. 
 3. lignum (usu as opp. to materia, 
 fireivood : a piece of t.) : v. wood. 
 Phr.: the t. trade, lignaria negotiatio, 
 Capit. Pert. I, I the t. market, inter 
 lignarios, Liv. i5, 41, extr. (?). 
 
 timbrel : tympanum : v. tam- 
 bourine. 
 
 time (subs.): I. Time generally, 
 season, Ofrportunity : 1. tempus, ori8, 
 71. (answering to most uses of Eng. tim^e) ; 
 t. is a part of eternity, tempus est pars
 
 T r M E 
 
 TIME-SERVING 
 
 TINSEL 
 
 iiuaedam aetemitatis. Cic. Inv. i, 25, 59: 
 all my t. is open far my readivg, omiie 
 t. mih: est ad meos libios vacuimi. Id. 
 Rep. I, 9. 14: I had furetald thai they 
 would come at that t., praedl.xeram ad Id 
 tetnporis ventures, id. Cat. i, 4, 10 ■ de- 
 vourivg t..t. edax rerum, Ov. M. 1 5, U4 : 
 now is the opportunity and t., nunc 
 occasio'st ct t., ri. I's. 4, 2, } : it is quite 
 t.fm- him to go hrrme, t. maxume est ut 
 eat domum, id. Mil. 4, j, 8: it is t. for 
 you to dfpart, t. abire tibi est, Hor. Kp. 
 2, 2, 215: I hare no t . non phi mihi t., 
 id. Sat. 2, 4, 1 : at a most dangerous t. 
 for the republic, in poricuUislssimo lel- 
 publicae tempore, Cic. Klacc. ;. 6 : 
 doubtful and dangerous t.s, dubla fornii- 
 dolosaque tempora, id. V'err. ;, I, i : 
 I wrote three books about my (critical) t., 
 scrips! tres Hbrosde t. meis, id. Fam i, 
 9, 2J : with a gerundive : the t. for join- 
 ing battle, t. coramilteiidl pro»-lil, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 19: to spend t., t. suniere, con- 
 sumere, degere : Cic. : to waste t., t. pcr- 
 dere: Cic. There are several adverbial 
 uses : (i.) tempore (terapori, teniperi) : 
 to perform one's duties in t., conficere 
 oRicia teniperi, PI. Rud. 4, 2, 16: I tmll 
 renew my recommendation, bul at a 
 convenient t., ego renovabo commenda- 
 tionem sed tempore, Cic. Kani. 7, 18, I : 
 m t. the oxen conif to Oie plough, tempore 
 veniunt ad aratra Juveiici, Ov. (ii.) in 
 tempore : unUss the infantry had come 
 up to help just in t., nisi pedites in t. 
 subvenissent, Liv. ?;. ;. (iii.) ad tem- 
 pus : to return at the right t., ad t. redire, 
 Cic. Att. I J, 45, 2: tihich is genmally 
 thort and for a t., quae plerumque 
 brevis est et ad t.. id. Off. i, 18, it. 
 (iv.) in tempus: a stage built for the t., 
 scena in t. structa, Tac. A. 14, 20. (v.) 
 per tempus : you could'nt have cwne 
 inore at the right t., non iM)tuisti magis 
 per I. advenire, PI. Men. i, 2, }0. 2. 
 tenipestas, atis,/., (o limited portion of 
 t., a season): at th- t. ivhfn the Cartha- 
 ginian came into Italy, qua tempestate 
 Poenus in Italiam venit, Cio. de Or. ;, 
 ?8, I5J : there vas a t. vhen, t. fuit 
 quum, PI. True. 2, 4, 29 : (the prevail- 
 ing use of tempestas for time is in the 
 ablat.). 3. dies, i-i (space, length of t. ; 
 generally fem. in this use) : tlw-t the 
 dishonesty of the men may be neakened 
 eren by t., ut improbitas hominura in- 
 fringatur ipsa die, (.;ic. Fani. 1,6, 1. 4. 
 aetas, atis, /., (ajf, period, generation) : 
 the heroic t.s, heroicae aetates, Cic. Tusc. 
 5, J, "J : in poetry of time generally : 
 t. brings all things, omnia fert ue., 
 Virg. E. 9, ;i. 5. aevum (mostly 
 poetical): the;/ passed their t., degebant 
 ae., Lucr. 5, 1439 ; to all t., in ae., 
 Hor. Od. 4, 14, J. 6. seciilutn (an 
 age) : the licence of this t., licentia hujus 
 seculi, Cic. Gael. 20, 48 : to hand dmin to 
 all t., in secula mittere, Luc. 10, 5J}. 
 7. spatium (space, period) ; in a 
 short t., in brevi spatio, Ter. Heaut. 5, 
 2, 2 : you have forced me from my ap- 
 pointed t. for the defence into the limits 
 of one half hour, me e.\ constiluto spa- 
 tio defensionis in curriculum seniihorae 
 coegisti, Cic. Rab. perd. 2, 6. 8. >n- 
 tervallum (interval) ; that I might see 
 you, after so long at., ut te tanto inter- 
 vallo viderem, Cic. Kam. 14, 15, 2. 9. 
 occasio, onis,/., (suitable t.) : to seize the 
 t., occasionem capere, I'l. I's. 4. J, 2 : v. or- 
 roRTCNMTT. 10. otium (leisure): that 
 I may have t.for di inldng, ». ad potan- 
 dum ut habeani, Ter. Ph. 5. ;, } : / have 
 not t. to listen, non otiuni'st mi auscul- 
 tandl. id. .Ad. j, J, 65. H. m6ra(iiai'<- 
 ing, respite) : grief is ended by t., doli.r 
 finitus est m., Ov. Pont. 4, 1 1. 14 : / had 
 a little t., liabui pauUulum niorae, Cic. 
 Fam. 12, 12, 2. Phr. : a little t. I>e- 
 fore, after: p.iullo ante, post: in the 
 mean t., interim, interoa: at another t., 
 alias; at the right, wrong t , tempe.stlve 
 (opportune). m'\empv»'\vi- (inopportune) : 
 at t.s, interdum, nonnuiiquam ; many 
 t.S, saepius .- t.s out of number, se.\- 
 cenlies : three, four t.s, etc.. ter. quater, 
 etc. :/iom t. to t, identidem:./or the 
 fir§t t., primum : (in these adverbial 
 
 phrases, to which some more miclit be 
 added, time or times is ncA emphatic in 
 Kngllsh) : a leading philosopher of our 
 t., princeps hujus memon.ie philoso- 
 phorum, Cic. Off. 5,2,5 in fot mer t.s, 
 Buperiore memorla. Id. Balb 11, 27: at 
 an excelUnl t., optima opportunitate, 
 PI. Epid. 2, 2, 19 : '.o fast ; .S. .Say, 
 m tal:e my L, ambula cito; S. Immo 
 otiose volo, PL Ps. 4, i, 14: you. came 
 before your t., numero hue advenis, PI. 
 Men. 2 2, 14 . to tell the rest vouUl take 
 t., si alia memorem nmra est, id. Capt. 
 4, 2, 126 : there is 710 t. to lose, malurato 
 opus est, Kiv. : / have always t. for \ 
 phikisnphy, philosophiae semper vaco, 
 Cic. Div. I, 6, II : to ask for t. (delay), \ 
 • pet«re moras, ut res differatur ; not to 
 waste t. ne merer, Cic: to waste t., 
 trahere moras, Virg. Aen. 10, 888 r while 
 Cato nas speaking against t., Catone 
 dicendi mora dies extrahente, Caes. B_. C. 1 
 I, J2. II. Time of the day: bora, 
 
 what t. is it f h. quota est ? Hor. S. 2, 6, 
 44: to ask the t., qnaerere boras, Plln. I 
 
 III. Musical measure : 1. tem- 
 pus, Oris, n. : the trochee, which in t. and 
 intervals is equal to the iambus, tro- 
 chaeus qui temporlbus et intervallis 
 par est ianibo, Cie. Or. J-j, 194. 2. 
 nfimerus (regularity, t. in music) : they 
 raise their arms in i.. brachia toUunt in 
 inimerum, Virg. G. 4, 17; : as in music t., 
 tune, and key, ut in musicis numerl et 
 voces et modi, Cic. de Or. i, 42, 187. 
 Phr.: the maidens advanced beating t. 
 witli their feet to what they sang, 
 virgines sonum vocis pulsu pedum mo- 
 diilantes incesserunt, Liv. 27, J7 : to beat 
 t. with the fingers, digitorum ictu inter- 
 valla signare. Quint. 9, 4, si : to keep t., 
 servare ictum, Hor. Od. 4, 6, ?6 : to step 
 in t., numerosos poiicre gressus, Ov. Pont. 
 
 4. 2. a- 
 
 time i^'): Phr.: <o t. a speaker, 
 *orationem clepsydra metiri : having 
 been t.d to speak during twelve run- 
 nings of the glass, I had four more 
 alloieed me, duodeeim clepsydris quas 
 acceperam additae sunt quatuor, Plin. 
 Kp. 2, II, 14. 
 
 timeliness : tempestivitas, atis, /. ; 
 each age has its t., sua cuique parti 
 aetatis t. est data, Cic. de Sen. 10, }} ; v. 
 
 SEASONABLEN KSS. 
 
 timely (^y)-" 1- tempestlvus : to 
 allow boys their t. sport, tempestivum 
 pueris concedere hidum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
 142. 2. opponQnus : / have never 
 seen anything nunc t., nihil opportunius 
 vidi, Cic. Fam. 10. 16, I. 3. maturus 
 (in good time, early) : a t. sowing, ma- 
 tura satio. Col.: the ^father will behold 
 the t. honours of his son, matures pater 
 nati spectabit honores, Ov. Pont. 2, i, 
 59. Phr.: you were happy, Agricola, 
 not only in a yhrrious life, but also in 
 a t. death, tu felix, Agricola, non vltae 
 tantum claritate .sed etiam opportuni- 
 tate mortis, Tac. Agr. 44. 
 
 timely (adv.): 1. tempestive: 
 
 Cic. 2, opportQne; Cic. 3. nia- 
 ture : Cic. 
 
 timepiece: horarium, horologium, 
 clepsydra : v. clock. 
 
 — — -server ; Ifvis, inconstans, mii- 
 
 tabllis : v. FICKLE, CHANGEABLE: also, 
 
 homo temporum : Curt, (Kr.) : Phr.: 
 / have in no wise been a t.. nihil est a me 
 inservitum temporis causa, Cic Fam. 6, 
 12, 2 : to 6« a t., tempori turpiter ser- 
 vire (after Cie. Sest. 6, 14, where tempori 
 servire occurs, but in a good sense): 
 * inter utramquc partem studium al- 
 temare (of a wavering ally): you were 
 a clever i., scisti uti fore, Ter. Ph. i, 2, 
 29: if my hearers are inclined one nay, 
 I turn i., and go with the breeze, si 
 audi tores propendiiit, ad id unde aliquls 
 flatus ostenditur veUi do, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 4+ 187. 
 
 -servillK (suhs^ : levltas, In- 
 
 constantia, mobilltas v. chant.kaiile- 
 NE.<s. kicklf,ne.ss: •nnimns iemi>oril>us 
 t-erviens (Kr.): what is mine disgraceful 
 than fickleness and t. r quid est Incon- 
 staiitia, mobilitate, levitate turpius? Cic. 
 Phil. 7, i, 9. Phr.: for nearly a hun- 
 
 dred years they had been faitiifui frirndt 
 of the Homan people without any t., per 
 aimos prope centum nu<.qudm ambigua 
 fide in amicitlam p<.puli Komani fuerant, 
 Liv. 6, 2. 
 
 timid: 1. tlii:Mu-: unwortilx 
 
 ajul t. men, imlxdles timidiqu>-. C:c. OIT. 
 I, 24, 8;. 2. tri-pidus, anxius ^ln 
 actual fear), igiiavus, (tpiritleu) ; v. 
 
 FEARKLL, COWARDLY. 
 
 timidity : 1. tImTdllas. atis, /. ; 
 alarm, t., fear, conaidice. furu.ldo. t.. 
 fiav.ir. iguavla, Cic. Tusc ;, 18. 22. 2. 
 (lubiiiitlo, onis, /. : the Land ■inlays of 
 the s^nate,ii. et murae scnati, Sail. j. jo 
 
 V. KF.Alt. 
 
 timorous: 1. pSvIdus thet.hare, 
 p. lepus, Hor. EikkI. 2, H- 2: fugax, 
 acis, (apt tojler ; e-p. of anim.ils) ; a t. 
 goat, f. capr'-a, Virg Aen. 10, 724 : v. 
 
 TIMIt), KEAltH L. 
 
 tin: 1, stannum Plin. 2. plum- 
 bum album: (. is proiJuced there (in 
 Hritain), nascitur ibi plumbum album 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 12. Phr. a t.-mint 
 *fodina stanni or plumbl albi . t.-nare, 
 * vasa ex sianno or plunibo alb<j etltcta 
 (Kr.); a t.-box, pyxis ^tttnnea, Plin. 
 made of t., * slanneus, ex plumbo albo 
 factus (Kr.). 
 
 tincture {.subs.'): |. rU'/ur: v. 
 
 COLUUB. II. Extract cf the finer ]iart*. 
 liguid essence of anything : •tinclQra: 
 perh. •decoctio, liquor medicatus- a L 
 of ivorm-wood, • liquor atjsmlhio medi- 
 catus. Ill, A slight taste : v. tastk. 
 Fig.: let him have a t. of learning, 
 sit litteris tliictus, Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 85 : 
 nith a slight t. of Creek learning, lille- 
 rulis Graecis imbulus, Hur. Ep. 2, i. 7 
 tincture (•'•) ■• leviter ciloro, lingo, 
 
 imbuo : V. TO DYE, TO COIjOUK. 
 
 tinder : femes, Itis, m. : he caught 
 the fame in the t., rapuit in f<>mlte 
 flammam, V^irg. Aen. 1. 176; he rouses 
 the ueak flamrs by applying t., excilal 
 Invalidas adnnito foniite flammas, Lua 
 I 8, 776. Phr. : at. box, igiiiarium, I'lio. 
 tinge: 1. 'ins". ""'• ctum, j: 
 he t.d the knives with blood, linxit sa»- 
 guiue cultros, Ov. M. 7, 599. 2. imbuo, 
 ui, Qtum, i : substancis t.d wi/h colour, 
 corpora tincta colore, Lucr. 2, 7J4- '• 
 
 TO CO LOU B. 
 
 tingle : 1. fonnico, I (to fed a 
 creeping, ant-like tickling) : till the skin 
 t., donee formicet cutis, Plin. jo, 1 }, 41. 
 2. vemilne, I : the ear itclies and 
 t.s, piurigine verminat auris. Mart. 14, 
 2?, I. 3. priirio ; v. to rrcH. 4. 
 •ferveo (to glow witli pain). _ 
 
 tingling : !■ fermicatio : Plin. 
 2. pruritus, us: v. itching. 3. 
 
 * fervor (painful t., as after a blew). 
 
 tinker : ♦ aeneorum faber,- refector, 
 sartor (maker or mender of pots). 
 
 tinkle : 1. tinnio, ivi or ii, itum 
 4: thel>elit.s. tiiuiil liiitiimabulum. PL 
 Trin. 4, 2, 162. 2, cn^pito. i (the 
 context determining the .-ound); the 
 metal leaf t.d in the gentle breez'., leni 
 crepitabat bractea vento. Virg. AeiL 6, 
 209 : they had not yet heard the smmU 
 t. (ring) on the hard anvils, necdum 
 audierant duris crepilare iiicudibus 
 enses, Id. G. 2, 54°- 
 
 tinkling ' 1. tinnitus, fls ■ make 
 a t.. tinnitus cie, Virg. G. 4. 64. 2 
 crepitus, us: a t. (clinking) J rom the 
 motion of the bit. c. e meiu frenorum, 
 Varr. R.R. 2, 7, 12. 
 
 tinman: aniiex plumbSrius: vitr.-. 
 plumliarius, simplv I'ig. 
 
 tinsel: I. LU. : 1. bracle* 
 
 (metal leaf): Virg. 2. bract^-ola : to 
 s<-rape otT a bit of I. from Castor's 
 image, b. de Gu-.tore duct-re, Jnv. IJ, 
 152. Phr.; t.'d robes, cloth with t., 
 
 * vestes auro (argento) Intexl.ie, pannnA 
 auro (arg.l micaiis, spoclosus. ||. 
 Fig.: gaudy show: 1. bractea: the 
 t. of 'eloquence, b. eloquentiae, SoL 
 praef. 2. 2. species; to rmploy I. 
 and ornament in tjyaking, ndhiliere in 
 dicendo speciem atque p»imp.im. Cio. de 
 Or. 2, 72, 2iH- 3. ft'cus tl't. paint): 
 without I. or trickery, sine fuco ac fal- 
 lacils, Cic. Att. I, I, I. Phr. at. hap 
 
 86j
 
 TIP 
 
 TIRE-WOMAN 
 
 TITI.E 
 
 piness, bracteata felicitas, Sen. Ep. 115: 
 to distirtguish t.from true metal, fucata 
 a veris internosci, Cic. Am. 25, 9;. 
 
 tip (subs.) : 1, cacumeii, inis, 11. : 
 t.s <if boughs, cacumina raniorum, Caes. 
 B G.';,7;. 2. acumen, Inis, n. (a «/ia)p 
 point) : the t,of a com, a. coni, Lucr. 4, 
 452. 3. apex, icis, m. ; the t. (point) 
 of a reaping-hook, a, falcis, Col. 4. 
 extremum : a missile with shaft of fir- 
 wood, round throughout, except at the tip, 
 which was shod with iron, missile tJlum 
 hastili abiegno et cetera tereti praeter- 
 quam ad extremum unde ferrum exsta- 
 bat, lAv. 21, 8. Phr. : the t.s of the 
 fingers, extremi digiti, Cic. Coel. 12, 28: 
 the t. of the tail, e. cauda. Virg. : the t.s 
 of tlis fingers, digituli primores, PI. Bac. 
 4, 4, 24 : the sharp t. of the nose, nasi 
 primoris acumen, Lucr. 6, 1192: the t. 
 of the tongue, prima lingua, Plin. ; the 
 deer sliow scarce the t.s of their horns 
 above (the snow), cervi summis vix cor- 
 nihus exstant, Virg. G. ?, J70 : (of these 
 adjectives prefer summus if the tip be 
 also tlif top, extreinus for hindermost, 
 as with Cauda). 
 
 tio (v.) : I. To give a head to : 
 praeflao, xi, sum, j (tn fix at the end) : 
 darts t.'tl with iron , jitcuhx praefixa ferro, 
 Liv. 26, 4 : a lance t.'d with painted iron, 
 ferro p. robur acuto, Virg. Aen. 10, 419. 
 Phr.: to t. with a point, acuere, ex- 
 acuere, praeacuere : v. to sharpen. 
 II, To edge with light or colour: 
 ♦piuetexo, tingo. incingo : the sun t.s the 
 hills with gold, *sol auricomo praetexit 
 lumine colles; tingit summa montium 
 lumine : aflo"'er t.'d with crimson, *flos 
 purpurea iiicinctus ora (of Cat. 64, J09). 
 III. To t. up, over, to incline : *verto, 
 inverto. inciino ; vergo (lioth trans, and 
 intrans.) the foaming goblets are t.'d 
 over, spumanies paterae verguntur, Stat. 
 Th. 6, 211: vessels horizontally placfd 
 or t.'d right over, vasa prona et vergentia, 
 Plin. Ep. 4, JO, 6. 
 
 tippet : perh. * eoUare (collar) : 
 Phr.: fearing a t. that reaches to the 
 elbows, *curto quodam palliolo cubliis 
 tenus involutus. 
 
 tipple ; 1. poto, I : he t.s and 
 pel fumes himself at my cost, potat, olet 
 uugueiita de meo, Ter. Ad. I, 2, J7. 
 2. perpoto, I ; he was t.ing whole 
 days, totos dies perpotabat, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 JJ. 87. 
 
 tippler; 1. potator: great t.s, 
 potatores maxumi, PI. Men. 2. i, 54. 
 
 2. potor : soaking t.s, pDtores bi- 
 buli, Hor. Ep. i, 18, 91. 3. bibulus 
 (drinking freely) : a t. of Falemian 
 imne from noon, b. media de luce h'al- 
 emi, Hor. Kp. i, 14, 54. 4. ebriosus: 
 
 V. DRDXKARI). 
 
 tippling; 1. potatio, onis, /. : a 
 feasting nr t, prandium aut p., PI. Bac. 
 I, 1,46. 2. perpotatio: drunken t.s, 
 intemperantissimae perpotationes, Cic. 
 Pis. 10, 22. 
 
 tipsily; temulenter: Col. 
 
 tipsy : 1. ebriolus : they depart 
 sad and t., tristesatqae e. absceduiit, PI. 
 Cure. 2, J, 15. 2. temulentus: a t. 
 woman, t. mulier, Ter. Andr. i, 4, 2. 
 
 3. vinosus: as t. I'yrrliia carHes 
 the ball of stolen uonl, ut vinosa glomos 
 furtivae Pyrrhia lanae, Hor. Ep. i, ij, 
 
 14: V. DRUNKEN. 
 
 tiptoe: I, Lit. : Phr.: short 
 persons stand on t.. statura breves in di- 
 gitos eriguntur. yuiiit. 2, J, 8 : to walk 
 on t., summis digitis ambulare, Sen. Ep. 
 Ill, i : to walk softly on t, suspenso 
 gradu placide ire, I'er. Ph. 5, 6, 27 : v. 
 TOE. II. Fig.: Phr.: when the com- 
 mons icere standing on the t. of expecta- 
 tion, qnuni plebs erecta expectations 
 starer, l^iv. 2, 54: they are on the t. of 
 expectation and anxiety, erecti suspen- 
 sique animo intenduntur, Liv. i, 25. 
 
 tirade ; declSmatio, onis, f: a t. in 
 common and vell-kiwivn style, vulgaris et 
 pervagata d., Cic. Plane. 19, 47. Phr.: 
 that madman who had uttered a violent 
 t. against me, ille iiisanus qui contra me 
 ▼ehementissime declamasset, id. Verr. 
 4, 66, 149 : he had chosen me for the 
 864 
 
 object of his t.s, hie nie in quem in- 
 veheretur delegerat, id. Fam. 7, 2, i : 
 oratorical t.., rhetorum pompa, id. Tusc. 
 
 4, 21,48: the shon-y style of speaking 
 rather t. than argument, epidiciiciim 
 genus orationis, pompae quam pugnae 
 aptius, id. Or. ij, 42. 
 
 tire (subs.): I. For the head : vitta, 
 tiara : v. hkad-dress. ||, Fcrr a nhed : 
 *circiilus. Phr.: icheds with iron t.s, 
 ferrati rotarum orbes, Lucr. 6, 551 : 
 Virg. G. i, j6i : to put a t. on a tvlieel, 
 *lamina rotam circumligare (cf Caes. 
 B. C. 2, 10). 
 
 tire ("•)•• A. Trans. : 1. fa- 
 tigo, I : when tliey had t.d themselves 
 loith fighting, cum pugiia semet ipsi 
 fatigassent, Liv. 8, 10 : prosperity t.s the 
 irise, prosperae ressapientiuin animos (., 
 Sail. C.li. 2. defatigo, i (to t. out) : 
 when fresh relays came up and t.d out 
 our men with the unremitting labour, 
 cum integri succederent nostrosque as- 
 siduo labore defatigarent, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 41 : / wUl work till I am dead t.d, opus 
 taciam ut defatiger usque, Ter. Eun. 2, 
 
 1. 14- 3. lasso, I : to t. the arms, 1. 
 brachia. Prop. 4, 8, 67. 4. delasso, i : 
 t.d with toil, labore delassatus, PI. Asin. 
 
 5, 2, 22: tlie rest is enough to t. out the 
 chattering Fabius, cetera d. valent io- 
 quacem Fabium, Hor. S. i, 1, 14. B. 
 Intrans.: 1. deffitiscor, j: nor 
 will I t.of trying, neque defetiscar ex- 
 peririer, Ter. Ph. 4, i, 2j. 2. defa- 
 tigor, I : / urill never rest or t. before I 
 have learnt, nunquara conqulescam ne- 
 que defatigabor ante quam percepero, 
 Cic. de Or. j, j6, 145 : v. to weary. 
 Phr.: so t.d was I of the company and 
 the talk, ita me convivii sermonisque 
 taesum est, PI. Most, i, 4, 4 : / am t.d 
 of hearing the same thing a thousand 
 times, taedet jam audireeadem milliens, 
 Ter. Ph. j, 2, 2 : to t. any one, esse taedio 
 alicui, Plin. : so that our hearers tie not 
 t.d by a wearying sameness, ne ii satien- 
 tur qui audietit lastidio similitudinis, Cic. 
 de Or. J, 50, 19; : ece/t tins turn has t.d 
 me, vel me haec deambulatio ad languo- 
 rein dedit, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6. j : he l.s you 
 with constantly wanting praise, inipor- 
 tunus amat laudari, Hor. Sai. 2, J, 96. 
 
 tire ("•) •' lo dress the head : ornare 
 caput, Vulg. in Reg. ii. 9, }o: v. to 
 
 DRESS, TO ADORN. 
 
 tired : 1. f atigatus (by active 
 
 exertion): t. cixen, boves fatigati, Hor. 
 Od. i, 6, 4J. 2. fessus (also by suffer- 
 ing or enduring) : t. by trouble and 
 travel, f. curaque viaque, Ov. M. 1 1, 
 274 : to come t.d off a journey, de via f. 
 esse, Cic. Acad, i, i, i. 3. defessus : 
 we are both t., I of being beaten, he of 
 beating, ego vapulaiido ille verberando 
 usque ambo delessi siimus, Ter. Ad. 2, 
 
 2, 5. 4. lassus : / came t. off my 
 journey, 1. veni de via, PI. Ps. 2, 2, 66 : 
 t. of sea and travel and soldiering, 1. 
 maris et viarum niilitiaeque, Hor. Od. 2, 
 
 6, 7 : v. WEARY. Phr.: it resulted from 
 the enemy's being t., defatigatione hos- 
 lium factum est, Caes. B. G. ?, 19. 
 
 tiresome: 1. laboriosus (toU- 
 
 i some) : a most t. task, opus laboriosissl- 
 mum, Liv. 5, 19. 2. diff icilis (diffi- 
 cult, hard to deal with) : nothing is 
 so easy but that it is t. when you do 
 ii against your will, nulla est res tam 
 facilis quin difficilis siet quam invitus 
 facias, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, i : at. old 
 man, d. senex, ib. 3, 2, 24. 3. mo- 
 lestus (trying to Vie patience) -. don't 
 be tiresome, molestus ne sies, PI. Asin. 
 2. 4, 6} : a laborious and t. task, labor 
 (iperosus ac molestus, Cic. N. Ii. 2, 
 z?. 59- 4. importunus (t. by beirtg 
 mal-a-propos) : I own she is t. and 
 troublesome, fateor eam esse importu- 
 natn atque incomraodam, PI. Asin. 1,1, 
 47. P h r. : a t. business, lentum nego- 
 tium, Cic. : to be t. to any one, alicui 
 iiegotium facessere, Cic. : molestiam af- 
 ferre, Ter. : see what a tiresome old 
 crone she is, importunitatem spectate 
 aniculae, Ter. Andr. 1, 4, 4. 
 
 tire-woman : 1. ornatrix, icis,/. : 
 Itt not your t. suffer, tuta sit o., Ov. A. A. 
 
 i. 259. 2. ancilla, ministra (the con, 
 text showing that the nuiid is a t.) : het 
 t. as she combs her hair in the morning. 
 matutinos pecteus ancilla capillos, Ov. 
 A. A. I, J67 ib. J75 
 
 tiring : 1. labOriosus T nothing it 
 more t. and troublesome than a province, 
 nihil laboriosiiis raolestiusque provinci»_ 
 Cic. Leg. }, 8, 19. 2. operosus : such 
 t. work should have its own proper 
 officer, rem operosam suo proprio niagis- 
 iratu egere, Liv. 4, 8. 3. difficilis: 
 a t. and steep ascent, d. et arduus as- 
 census, Caes. B. C. 2, J4. 4. l^ntus 
 (slmv) ; t. service, lentae militiae, Tib. i, 
 J, 82. P h r. : a siege is often more t. to 
 the besiegers than to the besieged, op- 
 pugnatio obsidentibus prius saepe quam 
 obsessis taedium affert, Liv. $4, J4: he 
 is an intolerably t. speuker, * est quem 
 nee patienter nee sine taedio audias. 
 
 tiro ; 1. tiro, onis, m. ; Cic. 2. 
 rvidis (freq. joined with tiro): he was 
 no mere t. in provincial government, 
 non provinciae rudis erat et tiro, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 6, 17 : / own that lie must be 
 expeiienced and in no respect a mere t., 
 or unaccustomed and strange topleading, 
 fateor callidum quendam hunc et nulla 
 in re tironern ac rudem nee peregrinum 
 atque hospitem in agendo esse debere, 
 id. de Or. i, 50, 218. 3. elementa, 
 orum, n. (beginners) : t.s loili hardly 
 venture to raise their hopes to the attain- 
 ment of the highest perfection in elo- 
 quence, vix se prima el. ad spem toUere 
 effingendae quam summam putant elo- 
 quentiae audebunt, ynint. i, 2, 26. 4. 
 tirunciilus : this induced me, though 
 quite a t. (in art criticism), to buy Ute 
 statue, quod me quanquam tirunculum 
 sollicitavit ad emendum signum, Plin. 
 Ep. J, 6, 4. 
 
 tissae: 1. textus, us: things fine 
 in t., tenuia textu, Lucr. 4, 7^0. 2. 
 tela : Dido had ivocen into the t. threadt 
 of gold. Dido tenui telas discreveral 
 auro, Virg. Aen. 4, 264 : v. texturi:, 
 WEB. Phr.: a t. of falsehoods, *coii. 
 tiniiata raendaciorum series, narratin ex 
 mendaciis contexta : he had told a t. of 
 improbabilities, mera munstra nuntiarat, 
 Cic. Att. 4, 7, I. 
 
 tit-bit : 1. cuppedia, orum, n. pi. 
 (no sing.) : I do not care for t.s, nil 
 moror cuppedia, PI. Stich. 5, 4, j2. 2. 
 muttea (a dainty dish) : Suet. 3. 
 scitamenta, orum, n. pi. (no sing.) : to 
 buy some t. from the market, aliquid 
 scitamentorum de foro obsoriarier, PL 
 Men. I, J, 26. Phr. : delicate t.s, niol- 
 liculae escae, PI. : / will pick out all 
 the t.s, unum quicquid quod erit bellis- 
 simum carpani, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 51. 
 
 tithe {subs.): 1. decunia as 
 
 ' much t. as the t.-farmer declared due, 
 so muck must the tiller of tlie land pay, 
 quantum decumanus edidisset aratorem 
 sibi dare oporlere, ut lantum arator de- 
 cuman© dare cogeretur, Cic. Verr. j, 10, 
 25 : t.s being imposed, impositis d., ib. 
 J9, 88. 2. deciraa pars: 1 vow to 
 thee, Apiillo, a t. cf the spoil, tibi, Apollo, 
 decimam partem praedae voveo, Liv. 5, 
 21. Phr.: farmers of t.s, decuniani, 
 Cic. : com liable to t.. decumanum fru- 
 mentum, Cic. : land that pays t., decu- 
 manus ager, Cic. : decumates agri, fac 
 Germ. 29. 
 
 tithe ('"■) •■ dficumas impono : Cic 
 Verr. j, jg, 88. [Note. — decimo, l: 
 only occurs of deeimati<m.'] 
 
 titheable; dCcilmanus: ex parte 
 decunia vectigalis : Cic. 
 
 titillate : \'. to tickle. 
 
 tit-lark :*alauda pratensis : Litui. 
 
 title : I. ^" inscription : 1. ti- 
 tiilus (inscription, t. of book, name, 
 pretext) : he built an altar, u-ith a 
 long t. recording his achievements, 
 aram condidit cum ingenti rerurn ab se 
 gestarura titulo, Liv. 28, 46: the t. and 
 name of a book. t. nomenque libelli, 
 Ov. R. Am. 1 : whom if this t. pleases, 
 quos si hie titulus delectat, Cic Tusc. 
 5, 10, }o. Fig. : under an honour- 
 able t., sub honorificentissimo titulo, 
 Veil. 2, 45. 2. index, icis, m. (labd
 
 TITLED 
 
 TO 
 
 attcxKed to a booh, inscription under 
 statue): decHved by the t.s of tite books, 
 deceptus indiclbus libroruni, Cic. de Or. 
 2, 14, 61 : a tablet iias put up ii-ith the 
 following t., tabula ciiiii indlce hoc posita 
 esl, Liv. 41,28. 3. inscripticonis,/. : 
 for your qiiestion about the t., I do not 
 doubt that Ka^/coi/ means " duty," but 
 " (/ii duties " is a /uU<rr t.. quixl de ). 
 quaeris non ilubilo quiii KaSijicoi' uOiclum 
 Bit, sed i. pleriiiir de officlis, Cic. Alt. 16, 
 • ii4- 4. praescriptio, Onls/. (/ifotiijis 
 oj a law) : the t. of a law. p. Ifgis. Cic. 
 Agr. 2, 9, 21 : that they might clolce a most 
 disgrarx/ul deed by a fair t., ut bontsta 
 praescription.- rem turpissimani leger- 
 ent, Caes. B. C. J, }2- I'b r. : they giix 
 the books the t. of rhetorical, libellos 
 rhetoricos inscribuiit, Cic. de Or. j, ji, 
 112. II. A iianw,, an appellation ; 
 
 1. nomeii, iiii?, n. (name, ground) : 
 the youtlts have giem vie the t. of Bi ush, 
 juventus noiiieii fecit i'enlculo mihl, PI. 
 Meu. 1, I, I : under another t. and from 
 another cause, alio nomine et alia de 
 causa, Cic. Rose. Com. 14, 40. 2. ap- 
 pellatto, onis,/. : he wished by this empty 
 t.tobe equal to us, voliiit appellatioiie liac 
 inani nobis esse par, Cic. Alt. 5, 20, 4. 
 
 \\\, An appellation of honour . 1. 
 digniuuf. alls, /. {rank) : I aniyratulate 
 you on the t. you noiv have, gralulor libi 
 praeseiiti tua dignitate, Cic. Kam. 2, 9, 4. 
 
 2. ornanienla, urum, n. {exlemats) : 
 distinctions and t.s of honour, honoris 
 Insignia atquc o., Cic. Sull. ji, 88. |V. 
 A claim of right : vindiciae : Cic. P h r. ■ 
 to assert a t. to freedom, postulare vin- 
 dicias secundum libertalem, Liv. j, 44 : 
 to assert oiif's t. to a thing, vindicare 
 aliquid pro suo, Cic. : the senate allon.ed 
 your t., concessit senatus poslulationi 
 tuae, Cic. Mur. 2J, 47 : to resist a per- 
 son's t., p. reslstere, Cic. : you have no t, 
 to what you claim, *haec contra jus 
 (sine jure, injusle) vindicas. 
 
 titled: nobilis (hiyh-bom): born of 
 a t. Jamily, nobili genere naius, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 70, 180. 
 
 title-deed: instrumentum auctori- 
 tatis : Scaev. : or perh. * auctoritas 
 (document warranting possession) : or, 
 if the context make it plain, *mem- 
 branulae {parchments). 
 
 page : *index membranula : v. 
 
 TITLE. 
 
 tit-mouse: *parus: Auct.Cann.de 
 Phil.: Linn. 
 
 titter : "O exact word : v. laugh : 
 the context may sometimes make risus 
 an equivalent: the t. that Utrays the 
 hiding-place of the girl, latenlis pruditor 
 risns puellae, Hor. Od. i, 4, 21 : the 
 girlish company t.'d, *virKinei coetus 
 presso tremuere cachiuno labia. 
 
 tittle: *punclum, minima pars. 
 P h r. : nor is a t. of the Height lost, nee 
 defit ponderis hilum, Lucr. j, 221. 
 
 tittle-tattle : semmnculus (mostly 
 m pi.) : the t. of the toic7i, urbaiii ser- 
 munculi, Cic. Deiot. 12, i} : to be led 
 away by t. and nonsense, sermunculis 
 fabellisque duci, Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 4: v. 
 
 CHATTKE. 
 
 titular : *nomen sine honore habens, 
 nomine nun re (Kr.): Phr. : t. king, 
 •nomine non re rex, inanem regii no- 
 minis titulum gerens. 
 
 to: A. I" space: |. Direction 
 toil ards vithout motion : \, ad (antith. 
 to ab) : (part of Oaul) lies to tlie north, 
 vergii ad septentriones, Caes. B. G. i, i : 
 the part uhich looked to the strait, pars 
 quae ad fretum spectarel, Cic. Verr. ;, 
 66, 169: someiimes specto Is used with 
 ace. without t\u- prep.: Acamania lies 
 to the nest, Acamania solem o<.cidentem 
 spectat, Liv. }!, 17. Fig.: he looks to 
 his own gl^ry rather than the safety of 
 the state, ad siiam magis gloriam spectat 
 quaro ad salutem rei publicae, Cic. Sest. 
 16, J7 : V. TO REGARD. Joined with 
 x'ersus : that part of the £sqitiliae uhich 
 looks to the vicus patricius, ea pars 
 E>quillarum quae jacet ad vlium pa- 
 triciUMi v.. Fest. : Varr. 2. i" (with 
 av. antlib. to ex) : the Relgae lie to the 
 TiOTtk wett, Belgae spectant in septen- 
 
 triones et occidentem solera, Caes. B. G. 
 I, I. 3. versus (looking ton ards) ; 
 looking to the tempi' of ijuirinus, v. 
 aedem yuiriiil, Liv. 8, 20. 4. some- 
 times adversus (-versus, frr -sum) : v. 
 OPi-osTTE TO. 5. erga (looking towards, 
 rare); Plant. True. 2,4,52. 6. e.\pr. 
 by adv. of direction, hue, illuc, i-o, etc. : 
 looking this way and that, hue atque 
 Illuc intuens, Cic. de Or. i, 40, 184. 
 Fig.: to irhat do all these wurd^ tend T 
 quorsuni haec omnis special oratio ? id. 
 Phil. 7. 9, 36. II. Uirectioit towards 
 with motion (with or laithout the idea of 
 ari-ival) : 1, ad : (i.) vithout the idea 
 of arrival: the hills and plains seem 
 flying to the ships, fugere ad puppes 
 "colles canipique videntur, Lucr. 4, 590 : 
 witli versus : he bids Labienus direct 
 his march to the ocean, Labienum ad 
 oteanum v. proticisci Jubet, Caea. B. G. 
 6, a : V. TOWARIW. (Ii.) with the idea 
 of arrival: since the time I lame to j 
 Rome, ut veni ad urbem, Cic. Fam. 16, 
 12, 2: with usque (all the tvay): he ' 
 came up to the enemy's camp, u. ad j 
 cistra hostium access! t,Cae.s. B. G. i. 51. 
 Fig.: to be scourged to death, virgis 
 ad necem caedi, Cic. Verr. }, 29, 70 : 1 
 usque ad necem deverljcrai'se, Ter. Ph. 
 2, 2. IJ: he unnxfed the temple to tlie 
 half, aedem ad dimidiam partem de- 
 lexit, Liv. 42, }. The whole space 
 traversed is indicated by the words 
 dependent on ab and ad : they sailed 
 from Oianium to Sinope, usque a 
 Dianio ad Sinopen navigarunt, Cic. Verr. 
 I, J4, 87. To my, thy, etc., house: 
 ad me, te, etc. : let us go to my house, 
 eamus ad me, Ter. Eun. j, 5. 64: some- 
 times domum is expr. : domum ad 
 me (al. lect. nieos) literas mittam, Cic. 
 Fam. }, 8, 10 : so with a proper name : 
 crowds thrimged to the house of Afranius, 
 magni domum concursus ad Afranium 
 fiebant, Caes. B. C. i, 5J- The repetition 
 of ad to denote motion to a place, and 
 to a person there present, is occasionally 
 found ; the soldiers being summoned to 
 the meeting before the tribunes, vocatis 
 militibiis ad concilium ad tribunos, Liv. 
 5, 47 : abi ad forum ad herum, Plaut. 
 As. 2, 2, 100. Ad, with thn name of a 
 deity in the gen., is elliptical for ad 
 templum, aedem : we had leached Vesta's 
 (temple), vcntura erat ad Vestae, Hor. S. 
 I, 9, J5 : ad Opis. Cic. Att. 6, i, 17. In 
 answer to the question Whither ? names 
 of towns and small islands (rarely of 
 large ones), domus in the sense of /lome, 
 and rus in the sense of to the country, 
 are put in the ace. without a prep. : 
 lam in doubt whether to go to Venusia, 
 dubiio an Venusiam tendam, Cic. Att. 
 16, 5, J : the poets use this constr. with 
 names of covmlries and subs, generally : 
 he came to Italy, llaliam venit, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 2. The poets use both constr. 
 with names of towns : ad doctas proticisci 
 cogor Athcnas, Prop. J, 21, t : doctas jam 
 nunc eat, in(juit, Athenas, Ov. H. 2, 8j. 
 Ad is someiimes used with the name of 
 a town in prose : / ivent to Capua, pro- 
 fectus simi ad Capuam, Cic. de .Sen. 4, 10. 
 The prep, is also expr. (i.) when there 
 is an antithesis: they sailed from Dia- 
 nium to Sinope, usque a Uianio ad Sino- 
 pen navigarunt, Cic. Verr. i, J4, 87 this 
 rule is however not always ob.served : 
 they came from Ardea to Home, ab .\rdea 
 Romam veiierunt, Liv. 4, 7. (ii.) if urbs, 
 oppidum. etc., is added in apposition : the 
 consul arrived in the tou-n of I'irta. con- 
 sul pervenil ad CIrtiini oppidum. Sail. J. 
 81. (iii.) when the Ht-ij;/i//«»Wiood of a 
 town or part of it is meani : all the 
 Hauls march to (the neighbourhood of) 
 AUsia, omnes Galli ad Alesiam profi- 
 ciscuntur, Caes. H. G. 7. 76: v. I..at. 
 Gram. ^ 259. With words comi>ounded 
 with ad, which denote going, bring- 
 ing, etc., near, instead of repeating the 
 prep., the noun is put in the dat. or 
 ace, though chiefly in the post-Aug. 
 period, and in the poets ; to approach 
 the rocks, accedere scopulos, Vlrg. Aen. 
 I, 201 ; V. TO xrpROACH. ACfxjsT, etc.: 
 V. the constr. of >uch verbs .is adeo, in 
 i X. 
 
 TO 
 
 Lat.-Eng Diet. 2. in (with ooc., (« 
 or into), (i.) without the idea of arrival : 
 with versus : he moves his camp to the 
 district of the Arvcnii. castra movet in 
 Arvemus v., C!aes. B. G. 7, 8, _/in. : ». 
 TOWAUU.S. (ii.) with the idea u( arrival : 
 J will yi, to tlv, Piraeus, IImj in llratum. 
 I'laul. Bac. 2. J, 2 : to s<nd ambastadtirt 
 to the i'bii, legatos in Ubios miltere, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 11. Joined with ad: 
 you fill for refuge to Hod as to an alUir, 
 tauiquam in aram confugitis ad deum, 
 Cic N. I). }, 10, 25 : wheti we had gone 
 to law lief ore tlie praetor, quum ad prae- 
 torem in jus adissemus, Id. Verr. 4. 65 
 147. For constr. with names of townii, 
 in answer to the que.->tion Whither f v. 
 under ad (8) : to have gone to Tarquinix, 
 the most fUiurithing town in Ktruria, 
 se contullsse Tarquinios In urbem Elru- 
 riae florentissimam, Cic. Kep. 2, 19, Jo. 
 For constr. of words compounded witn 
 in, V. such words as infi-ro in \^\.-)fj\%. 
 Diet.: to set fire to the trmples,U-m\ii\» 
 ignes inferre, Cic Cat. }, 9, 22. Fig.: 
 to boil down to one-half, decoquere in 
 dimidiam partem. Col. 12, 24, I : witk 
 usque : u. in quartam partem, id. 12, II, 
 J: hence, deriotiiig a change: rivers 
 cliange to leaves, vortunl se fluvii in 
 froiides, Lucr. 2, 880. 3. versus (at, 
 prep., towards) : to march to MassiUa, 
 Massiliam v. iter facere, Caea. B. C. i, 
 j6: for constr. as adv. with ad, sit, 
 v.supr. 4. adversus (-vorsus, or -sain) 
 (as ;*rep.) : who is this coming to meT 
 quis est haec quae me adversum iu- 
 cedit? Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, c8: v. towards. 
 AGAINST: for adv. constr. v. supr. 5. 
 usque (adv., all the way. with prep., or 
 ace. of motion) : to go from the upper 
 sea to Rome, a mari supero u. l^>Iua^l 
 proficisci, Cic. Clu. 68, 192 : v. under ad, 
 supr. 6. tfinus (reaching to, always 
 placed after its case, constr. with gm.. 
 or more usu. abl.] • its den lap hangar 
 down to its legs, crurum t. laqut-ana 
 pendent, Virg. G. ). 5} : /"^ kingdom 
 extends to Taurus, Tauro t regnal, Cic 
 Deiot. 1}, ib: he plunged his sword (o 
 the hilt in his side, laieri capulo t. ab- 
 didit ensem, Vlrg. Aen. 2, 5?J : ha»- 
 tenus as adv. : to thispoint, hac Trajan* 
 tenus fuerit fortuna secula, lb. 6. 62. 
 7. fine (or -i, abl. ustKi as adv., rare) : 
 projecting from the wall up to the breast, 
 de muro pectoris f. proniinentes. Caea. 
 B.C. 7. 47. 8. Phequrttion RTiir/wrrr 
 is answered by advs. of motion, hue, 
 illuc, eo, etc. : they hastened to the puint 
 rcith all speed, hue magno cursu con- 
 tendenmt, Caes. B. G. j, 19: with ad: 
 to come to you here, liuc dd vos venii^, 
 Cic. Rep. 6,1;, I? : with in : to this city, 
 hue in urbem, Ter. Hec i, 2, 100: with 
 gen. : she removed to this neighbourhix>d, 
 hue viciniae commigravit. Id. Andr. i, 1, 
 45: to and fro, hue illuc, hue atque 
 illuc, etc. : also, hue et lUo, Sen. : hue et 
 hue, Hor. Epod. 4, 9. Fig.: 7 Aai« 
 brought affairs to Oiis point, rem hue 
 deduxi, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 4 : to this must be 
 added a certain sueetness. hue accedat 
 oporlet suavitas quaedam, id. Am. 18, 
 66 : sometimes accedit, etc. Is used 
 without the adv.: add to this death, 
 ace mors, id. Fin. I. 18, 60: to proceed 
 to such a pitch, hue usque proticisci. 
 Plin. 26, 4, 9, } 20 : they came to 
 such extremitv of want, eo inoplae 
 veneie, Tac. Agr 28 : to this point 
 (thus far) I onild write u-ith prmimoe. 
 hacteuus fuit quod caule a me siribi 
 posset, Cic AlU II, 4. 2: his wishes 
 had extended to this, hactenus volu- 
 erat, Tac A. I2, ^l,fin.: v. so far. 
 B. 1 n 1 1 m e : 1. ad : with or 
 without usque : to Oiat time I i<YU honest 
 and rirtuuiis. ad id frugl usque et pro- 
 bus fui, Plaut. -M.'St. I, 2, 50: .<ophocles 
 wrote tragedies to the end of his life, So- 
 phocles ad summam aetatem tragoodlas 
 fecit.Cic Tusc I, I,?: (the employment 
 of a past tense shows that the action has 
 ceased, otherwis<> the present would be 
 useti) : to this time, ad id, Liv. }, 22 ; ad 
 id locorum. Id. 9. 45. 2. In (with ace.. 
 Hit) : they stood in battU array to a lot* 
 86;
 
 TO 
 
 TOBACCO 
 
 TOG ETH E R 
 
 hour, in multum diei in acie coiistiter- 
 unt, Liv. 27, 2 : they learned thesf things 
 to old age, usque in senectutem didi- 
 cerunt haec, Quint. 12, 11. 20: to live 
 from day to day {regardless of the 
 future), in diem vivere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 
 }}: so = daily, Liv. 22, jg. 3. expr. 
 by advs., quoad, quonsque, etc. : v. un- 
 til, etc. : up to this time the outposts 
 were quiet, hactenuB quietae stationes 
 fuere, Liv. 7, 26. C. ^n other re- 
 lations: I. Of number : ad: (i.) 
 denoting an approximation : men to the 
 number of (i. e. about) 2500 were slain, 
 ad duo uiilia et trpct-nti occisi, Liv. 10, 17. 
 (ii.) denoting the limit reached : to tlte 
 last farthing, ad assem, Hor. Ep. 2. 2, 
 27 : they all agree to a man (all together), 
 omnps ad iinum idem sentiunt, Cic. Am. 
 2), 86: so, ad nnuni, Cie. : Caes. (iii.) 
 denoiing addition: in addition to the 
 traitors of Falerii and t'yrrhus a third 
 example should be added, ad Faleriorum 
 Pyrrhive proditores tertium exemplum 
 esset, lAv. 24, 45 : to croirn all, ad om- 
 nia, id. J5, J2. II. Of conduct, etc., 
 towards ; 1. in (with ace.) : dutiful 
 to his parents, \tins in parentes, Cic. Off. 
 J, 2i, 90 : indulgence to our children, in 
 liberos nostios iridulgentia, id. de Or. 2, 
 40, 168 ■ sometimes with abl. (in the 
 case of) : such vas he to Priam his foe, 
 talis in hoste fuit Priamo, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 541- 2. ad versus (-um) : the greater 
 justice to others, summa adversus alios 
 .justitia, Liv. j, a: pleasing to you, 
 gratum adversum te, Ter. Andr 1,1, 15. 
 3. erga : the divine goodness to 
 mankind, divina bonitas e. homines, Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 2?, 60 ■ unbroken fidelity to the 
 Roman people, perpetua e. populuni Ro- 
 manum fides, Caes. B.G. 5, 54. |||. Gen- 
 erally of relation: 1. ad: (i.) of letters, 
 books, etc., addressed or dedicated tn any 
 one : he irrote to me from Egypt, ad me 
 ex Aet;yplo literas misit, Cic. Lig. j, 7: 
 (literas dare alirui = to intrust a letter 
 to any one's hands as messenger : v. 
 infr.) M. Tulli Ciceronis ad M. Brutum 
 Orator, (ii.) of adoptoiron or intention 
 for ; a place suitable to land at, locus ad 
 egrediendum idoneus, Caes. B. G. 4, 2j : 
 o thing difficult to believe, difBcilis res 
 ad credendum, Lucr. 2. 1027 : man is 
 liorn to reason, homo ad intelligendum 
 iiatus, Cic. Fin. 2. i ?, 40: an oppoHunity 
 to act, occasio ad rem gerendam, Liv. ^7, 
 26. (iii.) of a standard, according to : 
 they. adapt themsehes to their will and 
 pleasure, ad eorum arbitrium et nutum 
 totos se fingunt, Cic. Or. 8, 24. (iv.) 
 concerning, affecting : I found it vas 
 nothing to Famphilus, comperiebam 
 nihil ad I'amphilum quicquam attinere, 
 Ter. Andr. i, I, 64: as to the }n-nvinces, 
 quod ad provincias attlnet, Liv. 42, 10. 
 your feelings i7i regard to the marriage, 
 animus tuus ad nuptias, Ter. Andr. 2, 
 J. 4- 2. in (with ace.): (i.) of adap- 
 tation or intention, aim, etc., for : a 
 Greek verse to th is effect, Graecus in earn 
 sententiam versus, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 25: 
 uhat is useful to the purpose, quae in 
 rem sunt, Liv. 26, 44. (ii.) in adverbial 
 expr. : to a greater extent, in majus, Sail. 
 J. 7J: changed to barbarism, in bar- 
 barum corruptum, Tac. A. 6, 42 : v. 
 Lat.-Eng. Diet, in (B., III.). Instead of 
 prep, the idea of to, denoting aim, ptir- 
 pose, etc., is expr. in various ways, (i.) 
 after verbs of giving and the like, by 
 dat.: he gires to him his daughter in 
 mar)-iage,e\ tiliam in matrimonium dat, 
 Caes. B. G. i, j. (ii.) after verbs com- 
 pounded with ad, by dat. or ace. : his 
 mind uas constant to no fortune. nuUi 
 fortunae adhaerebat aninms, Liv. 41, 
 20 : to speak kindly to the man, hominem 
 blande alloqui, Ter. Ph. 2, i, 22. (iii.) 
 with idea of advantage, etc., by dat. : 
 Usui esse. Caes. B. G. 5, i (so, ex usu, 
 ib. I, 50): est utilitati, emolumento. 
 detrimento, etc. (iv.) by subj. in fnal 
 or consecutive sense : / came to greet 
 you, veni ut te salutarem : they seiit 
 men to carry the news, miscrunt qui 
 imntiarent: here is something to see, 
 bic est quod spectetur : uorthy to com- 
 866 
 
 mand, dignus qui imperet: v. Lat. 
 Gram., $ 449, seqq. (v.) as the sign of 
 inf. by inf. : to love, amare : to err is 
 human, humanum est eiTare : !-o, after 
 verbs of beginning, ceasing, desiring, 
 ordering, forbidding, etc. : he ceaned to 
 si«5r, canere desiit : he ijcule him to ap- 
 proach, accedere jussit (in such cases it is 
 necessary to refer to Lat.-Eng. Diet, to 
 ascertain w'lat verbs take the inf., subj. 
 vfith ut, etc.) : it is time to attempt, tem- 
 pus est conari, Liv. 6, 18 (constr. also 
 with ut, etc.). (vi.) with gerund, su- 
 pine, fut. pai-tic, etc. : a desire to contewl, 
 certandi cupiditas: he gave me books to 
 read, dedit mihi libros legendos: boi-n 
 to endure S(n-row, miseriis natus feren- 
 dis : what are we to do ? quid faciendum 
 est.' I came to greet you, veni te saluta- 
 tum, or, te salutaturus, or, salutandi 
 causa: he said that he should vote for 
 his condemnation, di.xit sua ilium sen- 
 tentia condemnatum iri : nothing is 
 easier to say, nihil est dictu facilius : f 
 am ashamed to say it, pudet dictu. 
 (vii.) by adv., expr., eo, adeo, etc. : / 
 speak to the end that, eo dico ne, Plant. 
 Aul. 2, 2, 62 (so, eo consilio, etc.): to 
 that end was I born, eo natus sum. Sail. 
 J. 24 ; to such an extent did these words 
 fail of effect, adeo haec dicta nihil 
 moverunt quemquam, Liv. }, 2. (viii.) 
 the idea is contained in a word em- 
 ployed : let him see to that himself, 
 viderit ipse, Cic. Att. 12, 21, I. Jin. 
 IV. Es p. in comparison: 1, 
 ad : Thales was a vei-y trilier to this man 
 in wisdtnn, ad sapientiam hujus Thales 
 nimius nugator fuit, Plaut. Cap. 2, 2, 
 25 : nothing to I'ersius, nihil ad Per- 
 sium, Cic. Or. 2, 6. 2. prae : all per- 
 fumes are bilge water to yours, omnium 
 odor unguentum p. tuo nautea est, Plaut. 
 Cure. I, 2, 5. 3. after verbs of com- 
 parison cum is used or dat. : v. to com- 
 pare. -Similis takes gen. or dat. : other 
 words denoting likeness, equality, eto., 
 usually take dat.: v. like, eijual, etc. 
 
 toad : bQfo, onis : and the t. is found 
 in holes, inventusque cavis b., Virg. G. 
 I, 184. 
 
 -stool: perh. fungus: v. fttn- 
 
 GUS. 
 
 toady (subs.) : 1. assentator, oris 
 (fern. -trix. Plaut.) : a t. always magni- 
 fies what his patron, whom he courts, 
 wishes to be great, semper auget a. quod 
 is, cujus ad vuluntatem loquitur, vult 
 esse magnum, Cic. Am. 26, 98 : v. flat- 
 terer. 2. para^^tus : Plaut. : Cic. 
 3. adulator, oris : Auct. Her. : v. 
 parasite, sycophant. 
 
 toady (<••)•• 1. assentor, i: to t. 
 any one, a. alicui, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 70 : 
 Cic. : v. to ff.attek. 2. adiUor, dep. 
 (sometimes adulo), i (to fawn like a 
 dog) : constr. with ace. or dat. : Cic. : 
 Liv. : Tac. : v. to fawn, cringe. 
 
 toadyism: 1. assentatio, onis,/. .- 
 thatt. ruined him, istaec ilium perdidit a., 
 Plaut. B.ic. J, J, 7 : Cic. 2. assentati- 
 uncula:Cie.: Plaut. : v. flattery. 3. 
 adiilatio: Cic: Liv.: v. fawning. 
 
 toast (subs.) : I. Bread dried by 
 Vie fire : *panis tostus. ||. A health 
 drunk : P h r. : / give a toast in a 
 bumper, propino poculum magnum, 
 Plaut. Cure. 2, j, 8 : v. foU. art. 
 
 toast («■) •■ 1. torreo. 2 : they pre- 
 pare to t. the corn by the fire, torrere 
 parant flammis fruges, Virg. Aen. i, 
 179: V. to parch, roast. 2. frigo, 
 xi, ctum or xum, ? : Hor. : Plin. ||, 
 To drink any one's health : propino, i 
 (lit. to taste a goblet first, and hand it to 
 another) : / t. him in a bumper, p po- 
 culum magnum, Plaut. Cure. 2, j. 8 ; p. 
 tibi salutem, id. Stich. J, 2, 15. Phr. : 
 / t you, etc., bene vos, bene nos, bene te, 
 bene me, bene vostram etiam Stepha- 
 nium, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 27: bene mihi, 
 bene vobis, id. Pers. ;, i, 20. 
 
 tobacco : * tabacum. The t. plant, 
 *nicotiana: Linn. To smoke t.,*tabsLCO, 
 quod dicitur, uti (Wyttenb.) : * fumum 
 Nicotianae haurire (Kr.): v. to smoke, 
 SMOKiR: a t.-pipe * fistula tabaci 
 (Gesner) : * fumisugium (Kr.) : a t.-boa. 
 
 * pyxis, arcula tabaci (Kr.); tlie smoike 
 of t., *fumus tabaci (Kr.). 
 
 to-day (subs.) : hOdieinus dies: t.-d„ 
 h. die, Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 2 1 : before t.-d., ante 
 h. diem, ib. ?, 8, 20. 
 
 to-day (adv.) : bodie : t.-d. are the 
 nones of August, h. nonae Sestiles, Cic. 
 Verr. Act. i, 10, ji-! 
 
 toe : 1. digitus : both stood at tmce 
 upright on tipt., constitit in digilos ex- 
 templo aiTectus uterque, Virg. Aen. 5, 
 426 : short persons stand on J(pt.,statura 
 breves in d. eriguntur. Quint. 2, 3, 8 ■ to 
 walk on tipt., summis d. ambulare, Sen. 
 Ep. Ill, J: lie walks stealthily and 
 sUently on tipt., vestigia furtim suspense 
 digitis fert taciturnagradu, Ov. F. 1,426; 
 suspensa levans d. vestigia primis, Virg. 
 Cir. 212. 2. digltiilus: of a parrot's 
 t.s, App. Flor. 2, p. J49. The great t. : 
 poUex : Plin. 7, 2, 2 : Suet. Cal. 57. 
 Haring t.s, digitatus : birds with t.s, d. 
 aves, Plin. ii, 47, 107. Phr.: to stand 
 on tipt., erigi in ungues. Quint. : / 
 started off quickly on tipt., suspenso 
 gradu placide ire perrexi, fer. Ph. 5. 6, 
 28 : he walks on tipt. with beating heaH, 
 fert suspenses corde micante gradus, Ov. 
 6, ^38 (v. supr. 1). Fig. : wlien the com- 
 mons were standing on the tipt. of expect- 
 ation, quum plebs erecta exspectatione 
 staret, Liv. 2, 54; arrecta civitas (ex- 
 cited), Tac. 3,11. From top to t., ab imis 
 unguibus usque ad verticem summum, 
 Cic. Rose. Com. 7, 20 : usque ab nngui- 
 culo ad capillum summiun, Plaut. Epid. 
 5, I. 17: a vertice talos ad imos, Hor. 
 Ep. 2, 2, 4. 
 
 toga: toga (v. Smith's Ant. 11 34, 
 seqq.): the t. is the sign of peace and 
 tranquillity, pacis est insigne et otii t., 
 Cic. Pis. 50, 73 : wearing the t., togutus, 
 id. Phil. 5, 5, 14: a t.-wearing race, gens 
 t., \'irg. Aen. i, 282 : the puiple-bordered 
 t. (of free-born children and magistrates), 
 t. praetexta, Cic. Verr. 5, 14, 36 prae- 
 texta (as subs.), id. Cat. 2, 2, 4 : v earing 
 the t. praetexta, praetextatus, id. Q. Fr. 2, 
 12, ? : praetextus. Prop. : the plain t. (as- 
 sumed (jn reaching manhood), toga pura, 
 Cic. Att 9, 6, I ; more freq. t. virilis, id. 
 Sest. 69, 144 : the whitened t. (worn by 
 candidates for office), t. Candida, Liv. 4, 
 25 : wearing the iclnte t., as a candidate, 
 candidatus, Cic. Mur. 27, 57 : the dark 
 (mourning) t., t. puUa, id. Vat. 12, 30. 
 
 together : 1. slmul (at Vie same 
 place or time) : tvhen we were t. for several 
 days, quum s. essemus complures dies, 
 Cic. Rep. I, 8, 13: victorious in three 
 wars t., trium s. bellorum victor, Liv. 6, 
 4 : with cum : which things I learned t. 
 with you, quas res tecum s. didici, Cic 
 Acad. 1,1,3: go in t. with her, intro abi 
 cum istac s., Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 104 : with 
 et : the enemy's carelessness and boldness 
 increased t., crescebat s. et negligentia 
 cum audacia hosti, Liv. 31, 36 (v. Lat.- 
 Engl. Diet.): with abl.: t. with the 
 people (f Laodieea, Landicenis s., Tac. 
 A. 4, 5; (poet, use): Hor. S. i, 10, 36. 
 2. una (at Vie same place or lime) : 
 many were journeying t., complures u. 
 iter faciebant, Caes. B. G. 2, 17: with 
 cum : they persuade their neighbours ta 
 go t. u-ith them, tinitimis persuadent ut 
 u. cum iis proficiscantur, ib. 1, 5 ; to 
 give up t. with the dress of youth, ponere 
 (amores) u. cum praetexta, Cic. Am. 10, 
 33: with ilat. (poet.): Virg. Aen. 8, 
 104. .Join: una and simul : come, pray, 
 t. -with me, i mecum obsecro u. simul, 
 Plaut. Most. 4, J, 43. T. with is freq. 
 expr. by cum alone: v. with. 3. 
 conjuncte : to relate my achievements t. 
 with the other events, c. cum reliquis re- 
 bus nostra contexere, Cic. Fam. 6, 12, 2 
 4. conjunctim (jointly) : t: take 
 account of all the mtmey t., c. ratinnem 
 omiiis pecuniae habere^ Caes. B. G. 6, 
 19. 5. sometimes communiter (in 
 
 common): from the letter which you 
 wrote t. with others, ex lite, is quas c. 
 cum aliis scripsisti, Cic. Att. ii, 5, i. 
 Phr.: the Fibrenus after separating 
 joins t., Fibrenus divisus in unura 
 confluit. Cic. Leg. 2, 3,6: to collect his 
 forces t., cogere copias in unum lo-
 
 TOIL. 
 
 TONE 
 
 TOO 
 
 com, Cues. B. G. 2, ? ; burn t., uno et 
 eodem tempuriB puncto nali. Cic. Div. 2, 
 45, 95 • tor Jive daii» t., ex eo dw dies 
 contiiiuus qiiinque, Caws. B. G. 1. 48: 
 for three days t., triduum continuum, 
 riaut. Mil. }, I, 14;: the whole pmvince 
 t., universa proviniia, Cic. Verr. 2. 69. 
 168 : aU t. agree, omiies ad unum idem 
 sentiuni, Cic. Am. 2?, 86: oraiies uno 
 ore conseiitiunt, ib. : v. all, wiiolk. 
 May be expr. also in various ways by 
 words compounded with con. 
 
 ioili^l'^-)- l.l'Oliour: 1. Iftbor, 
 oris (t. of m'vd or bod'i): incessant t. 
 conquers everi/lhing, 1. omnia vincit Im- 
 probus, Virg. G. i, 145 : to wear out 
 mieself with t., ae 1. frangere, Cic. Arch. 
 11,19: V. LAi«)iiK 2. 6p6ra (pains, 
 work): viViout men's manual t., slue 
 hominum nianu atqueo.,Cic. Off. 1,4, 14. 
 Join: opera et labor, o. alquc studlum, 
 o. curaque, Cic. : v. woitK, I'ains. 3. 
 sudor, oris {sevre labour) : nith great 
 labour and t., niulto s. et labore, Cic. 
 Font. 1, 2. II, A snare : rfite : v. net, 
 
 8NARR. 
 
 toil ("•) •■ !• ISboro. t ■■ to t. for 
 oneself, sibi l.,Cic. Verr. ?, 52, i2r : tot. 
 at ani/tKing, 1. circa rem. Quint. 6, 4, i : 
 in aliqiiid, Sen. with inf.. Hor. A. P. 
 25 : with aec. : to t. at. Prop. 4, }, J ? : 
 Hor. Epod. 5, 60: V. To i.Aitoiu. 2. 
 elaboro, l : / am useil to t. to do good to 
 causes, e. soleo ut prosim causis, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 12, 295 : to t. at a thing, e. in re, 
 lb. I, J. 9: so with ace., or in pass.: 
 Cie. : Quint: Hor. 3. desudo, i (to 
 fatigue meself) : ting and lai>ouring 
 at this, in his d. alque laborans, Cic. Sen. 
 II, J8. 
 
 toilette : cultus, us : cultus et ornat- 
 us, VIS : nomen are known fm- elegance of 
 t.. muiiditiae et o. et c, baec ferainarum 
 insignia sunt, Liv. J4, 7 : v. drk.ss. 
 P h r. ; a lady's t. bi'Umgings, aiiimi 
 muliebris apparatus, Val. Max. 9. 1, j : 
 her t. is her charm, speculo placet, Ov. 
 A. A. 5. 681 : to spend time at the t., oc- 
 cupatum esse inter pectinem spoculum- 
 que.Sen. (Kr.) : ton much engaijedat the 
 t.. in cute curand* plus aequo operata, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 2, 2g : a t.-tabU, *atiacus 
 mundoniuliebriinstructU8,adornandum 
 factus (Kr.) : to make Okie's t., *ornari ; 
 comi ac vestiri (Kr). 
 
 toilsome: 1. laboriosus: nothing 
 is more t., nihil laboriosius, Cic. Leg. ?, 
 8, 19 Liv. 2. operosus : a t. task, o. 
 res, Liv. 4, 8: V. troublesome, diffi- 
 cult. 
 
 token: signum; V.SIGN. 
 
 tolerable: I. L't-: capable of 
 being endund: 1. t<51erabilis: t. 
 
 sla'-ery. t. conditio servitutis, Cic. Cat. 
 
 4, 8, 16. 2. leierandus: scarcely t. 
 porertij, inopia vix t., Tac. H. i, 21. 3. 
 patibiiis; pain Tnust be regarded as t., 
 p. dolores putandi sunt. Cic. Tusc 4. 2?, 
 51. Phr. : to render labour t, laborem 
 levare alicui, id. Or. ?4, 120: niltigare 
 labores: id. de Or. j, 4, 14 : v. td allk- 
 
 VIATK, LIGHTKN. ||, T r a U S f . : 
 
 moderately good: 1, toleralalis ; t. 
 
 speaJcers, t. oratores, id. de Or. i, 2, 
 8. 2. mCdiocris (often in bad 
 
 sense, ordinary): Cic: Caes. 3. 
 
 modicus : o tiooh of t. size, modicum 
 quoddam corpus (historiae), Cic. Kam. 
 
 5. 12.4: you have a t. compi'tence, est 
 tibi far m., Pers. j, 25. 4. aliquantus 
 (considerable) : a t. number of arms, a. 
 numerns armorimi, .Sail. J. 74: neut. 
 used as subs. : a t. amount of land, ali- 
 quantum agri, Cic. Off. I, 10, ?}• 5. 
 freq. expr. by satis with adj. : a t. 
 singer, s. bonus cantor. Cic. 6. expr. 
 by neg. with cuij., etc. : very t. speeches, 
 orationes uon contenuiendae saneque tol- 
 erabiles, Cic. Brut. 79, 27 {. P b r. : who 
 does not know how few t. actors there 
 aref quis ignorat quam paucl sinl 
 quos aequo aiiimo spectare possimus? 
 Idde Or. i. ?, 18. 
 
 tolerably: 1. tfllCrabillter : to 
 speak t.. L dicere. Col.: Cels. 2. tt^lgr- 
 anter: Plin. 3. niCdiocrlter : not ex-en 
 t. elo(fue<it. ne m. quidem disertus, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 20, 91. 4. mOdice (slightly) : 
 
 t. rich, m. locuples, Liv. ;8, 14. 5. 
 aliquantum (-to) : he who has approached 
 t. near to virtue, qui processit a. ad vlr- 
 tutis adiium, Cic. Kin. }, 14, 48. 6. 
 satis : / hnmit tluit t. nell, ego istuc s. 
 siio, Per. Hec. ?, 4, J7 : a t. large mouiul, 
 tumulus 8. Krandis, Caes. B. G. 1, 4} : (. 
 good grazing, s. bene pascere, Cic. Off. 
 2, 2;, 89. 7. often expr. by neg. with 
 adv., etc. : t. soon afler, non ita multu 
 post, Liv. 10. 12 : t. vew images, non ita 
 anliqua simulacra, Cic. Verr. 4, 49. \o'). 
 
 tolerance : I. L i t. : endurance : 
 t-'ileratio, tJlCrantia: Injth in Cic: v. 
 KNOHKANCF- ||, P r a n s f. : perh. 1. 
 indulgentia: v. in-dulgknce, kindness. 
 2. I iicilllas (opp. harshness). 3. 
 lenltas: v. gentlknics-, meb<:v. 
 
 tolerant: 1. I-'*-: enduring: i. 
 tSleruus . (. of labour, laboruni t., Tac. 
 A. 4, I, fin. 2. pfttiens (with gen.) : 
 v. K.NDLHING. II. I'ransf : perh. 1. 
 indulKens: v. indulgent, kind. 2. 
 facilis. 3. lEnis: v. gentle, merci- 
 ful. 
 
 tolerate : 1. t^iero, 1, f6ro, etc. : 
 V. TO BEAR. 2. perh. indulgeo, 2. 3. 
 may be expr. by words meaning to 
 grant, allow : he t.d liberty in Germany, 
 • iermanislibertatem concessit. Caes. B.(i. 
 4. 1;, fin.: if you uHll net t. this fault, 
 cui (vitio) si concedere nolis, Hor. S. i, 
 
 4, 140: V. TO GRANT, CO>"CEDE. 
 
 toleration: pp^ti- Hbertas: v. li- 
 BERTv. Phr.: m.iy be expr. by words 
 meaning free, freedom, etc. : t. is neces- 
 sary in a free state, in civitate libera 
 lingua mensque libera esse debet. Suet. 
 Tib. 28 : t. of difference in religion, * fa- 
 cilitas erga dissentientes in sacris (Kr.). 
 
 toll (i') •' io sound or ring a bell 
 slowly as at a funeral : *campanam 
 funebrem or foralem tractare, movere. 
 
 toll (subs.): 1. vectigal, alls, n. 
 
 (gen. any (. or duty paid to the state). 
 
 2. portorium (t. or duty on things ex- 
 jported or imported, etc.) : v. tax. 
 
 booth: 1. the place where 
 
 things were wrigheA to ascertain the toll : 
 *taberiia portorii. 2. <t prison : 
 
 career : v. prison. 
 
 -collector : 1. portrtor, oris 
 
 (a customs collector) : Cic. 2. ex- 
 actor, oris (gen. term) Liv. 28, 25. 
 
 tomb : 1. tumiiUis (lit. a barrow) : 
 after standing by the t. of Achilles, 
 q"uum ad Achillis t. aslltisset, Cic. Arch. 
 10, 24 : / raisexl an empty t. (cenotaph), 
 t. inanem constitui, Virg. Aen. 6. 505 : 
 called also t. honorarius. Suet. Claud, i : 
 a family t, t. gentilicius. Veil. 2, iiq, 
 5- 2. sgpulcrum : a sphere and 
 
 ci/linder ^i'ere placed on his t., in sunimo 
 s. (Archimedis) sphaera est posita cum 
 cylindro, Cic Tusc 5, li. 64: tite t. of 
 his fathers, s. patrium, id. Rose. Am. 9, 
 24. 3. monumentum (lit. any me- 
 morial erection): they buried his re- 
 mains in the family t. of the Oomitii, 
 reliquias gentili Domitionim m. condi- 
 derunt, Suet. Ner. 50 : iii. sepulcrl, Nep. 
 Dion, 10. 4. conditorium : Plin. Ep. 
 6. 10, 5. 
 
 -stone : lapis, idis, m. letat.be 
 
 placed over me with this inscription, fac 
 lapis his scriptus stet super ossa notis, 
 Tib. I, 5.54: Si'.l.ultlmus, Prop. 1,17,20. 
 
 tome: vOlumen, liber: v. volume. 
 
 to-morrow (subs.) : crastlnus dies : 
 Plaut. Stich. 4, 2. 55 : to-m., die craslini 
 (old abl.). Id. Most. 4. I, 2? : without 
 dies: to put off till to-m., in crastinum 
 differre, Cic de Or. 2, 90, 567: to-m. 
 morning, crastina Aurora, Virg. Aen. 
 12, 76: the day after to-m., pfren- 
 dinus dies, Caes. B. G. 5, ?o: without 
 dies : be ready for the day afl'-r to-m., 
 in p. paratus sis", Plaut. Trin. ;, 2. 65. 
 
 to-morrow ^a**")- '"'''»*: '"•'"• ""*" 
 shall tie pmnUed with a kid, c. donal>eris 
 
 haedo, Hor. 0<i, }, U, } >>«' d »» «'*«■ •" 
 when does that to-m. comer c istud 
 quaiido venit ? Marl. 5, S8, 2: the day 
 after to-m., pgrendie : Plaut. Merc. 2, 
 J. 41. 
 
 tone: I. l-'t-: 1- t^""*- ^'"■■ = 
 
 Macr. 2. expr. by vox : to speak m 
 j a loud t.. magna v. dicere, Caes. B. G. 
 
 4, 25 : a itAarp t., v. acuta, Cic. Or. 18. 58. 
 v. voice. 3. »6nus : from the highest 
 t. to the lon-ett, ab aculissimo 3. usque ad 
 gravissimum g., Cic. de Or. I, 51. 251: 
 V. SOUND. Phr.: to lyieak in a low t., 
 submiBse dicere, Cic. de Or. 2. 5J, 215 
 
 II. Fig.: manner of speaking or 
 behaviour: Phr.: he chamies his t., 
 mutat personam, vertit allocutionem, 
 Plin. Ep 2, 20, 8 : ('( adopt a lofty t., 
 maKnitice, superbe, loqui Cic |||. 
 
 Of Colour: 1. tOnus : Plin. J5, 5, 11. 
 
 2. Eig. : cOlor. Oris : whaUver may 
 be the t. of my life, qnisquis erit vitae 
 
 C, Hor. S. 2, 1, 60 : V. CHAKACTKB. 
 
 tongs : forceps, clpis. in. and /. : the 
 Cyiiops turn the iron with t, Cyclopes 
 versant f. lerrimi. Virg. G. 4. 175. 
 
 tongue: I. Lit.: lingua: tA«t. it 
 set free by tjeing cut with a lancet, I. seal- 
 pello reseclae lllx-raniiir, Cic lAv. 2, 46, 
 96 : to put out the t (in derision), I. ex- 
 serere, Liv. 7, 10: so I. ejecla, Cic. de Or. 
 2, 66, 266. i' h r. : his name not at the 
 tip of my t, versabaliir mihl nomen in 
 primoribus labris, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 65 : 
 inter labra atque dentes latet, id. ||. 
 Melon.: speecli : \. lingua : to re- 
 strain one's t, lincuam coiitinere, Cic 
 Q. Fr. I, I, ij: prisons of jtuent and 
 practised t, quidam 1. cell ri et exerci- 
 tata, id. deOr. 1. 18. 8}. 2. os,oris,n.: 
 it icas demanded by the general t, po». 
 cebatur o. vulgl, Tuc. Agr. 41 ; v. mouth, 
 voice. 3. sermo, onis, m. : v. talk. 
 III. 77/f language of a p'vple : 1. 
 lingua : the L~nonledge of tlie Iwaulish (., 
 Gailicae I. scientia, Caes. B. G. i, 47: 
 Cic: both <.s (Greek and Lat.), uiraque 1., 
 Hor. S. I, 10, 2?. 2. OS, oris: Mela, 
 i, }■ 3. sermo : we ought to use that 
 t. which is known to 1M, eo s debemus 
 uti qui notus est nobis, Cic. Off. 1, ?i, 
 HI : the poverty of our native I., patrii 
 s. egestas, Lucr. i, 8?2; v. languagk. 
 ly. of things shaped like a t. : 
 
 1. lingua: a t. of laud prije'tt inli 
 the sea, eraiiiet 1. in altum. Liv. 44, 11. 
 
 2. ligula (ling.) : on the aid of the 
 (.s of land, in extremis 1., Caes. B. G. }, 
 12: the t. of a shoe-strap, .luv. ;, 20: 
 the t. of a tii'te. Plin. 16, }6, 66,^ 171. 
 
 3. e.vamen (Me t of a balance): 
 Virg. -Aen. 12, 725. 
 
 tonnage : the t. of a Roman vessel 
 was calculated by the number of am- 
 phorae (I{om,in cubic feet) which it con- 
 tained : a sh ip of large t.. navis quae plus 
 quam trecentarura ampUorarum e^set, 
 Liv. 21, 6} naves quarum minor nulla 
 end quam milium amphorarum, Lentul. 
 I in Cic. Fam. 12. i;, 2. 
 
 tonsils: 1. lonsillae (pL): Cic. 
 N. l>. 2, 54, I!?: Plin.: Cela 2. 
 glandulae (pi-): Cels. 
 
 too: I. Also: etiam, praetirea, 
 
 insuper: v. also, besidks. ||, In an 
 ixc'SsiiK degree: 1. nirais : (i.) as 
 adv. proper: t. severely and unkindly, 
 n. graviler n.que iulminane, Ter. Heaut. 
 
 5, 5, T : Cic. (li."» as subs. foil, by pari. 
 gen. ■ t much contriiance,n. Iii.-idiarum, 
 Cic Or. SI. 170 Ov. 2. nimlum : 
 (I.) as a<( I', proper- to be t. nigganlly. 
 n. parce facere sumplum, Ter. Andr. i, 
 
 6, 19 : t long, n. diu, Cic. Cat. 1, f. inil. 
 (i'i.) as subs. : the mean betnren t. much 
 and t little, me-tinr-ltas quae est Inter 
 n. et parum id. Off i 2S. ./'"• -• A' *« 
 t. mucJi gooi: «» Au.- no i«, n bonl est 
 cui nihil est 111.01 Eiin. in Cic. Fin. 2, IJ. 
 
 3. use conipar. ol <ii'jy. and adw.: 
 
 the t powerful tide, iniperio>lus aequor, 
 
 Hor Od. I, 14. 8 : to articulate the lettrrt 
 
 t. nireli/ (afltctedlii), litu-ras exprlniere 
 
 putidlus.Cic.de Or. }. 11. 4« 4. "It™ 
 
 modum (10 (a-.r-v). Plin. Ep. ',,ii,init.: 
 
 so, extra modum (immiK/e.uW.v),Clc, de 
 
 Or. 5, II, 41. 5. .-oinetimea expr. by 
 
 adjj. compounded with prae : v. infr. 
 
 Phr. : to go I. Idr in anything, modum 
 
 egredi (excedere), Quint. 7, 6, 16 to 
 
 agitaU oneself t. miirh, ultra fas tre- 
 
 1 pidare, Hor. CM. 1, 2.», M tofe^i in- 
 
 I juries t iWplii. injurias pranus aequo 
 
 ' habere, SalL Git. 51 : so. larg iis aequo 
 
 [™>tus]. Hor. Ep. 2, J, ««5- « «op<T 
 
 hasU, praepropera festlnatio. Cic tarn. 
 
 6(/J
 
 TOOL 
 
 TOPSY-TURVY 
 
 TORMENT 
 
 •7, 8 ; (. heavy a burden, praefcrave onus, 
 Ov. H. 9. 98 : t. early, praematurus (v. 
 premature). [N. B.— ^nietime* the 
 word itself implies excess : «. g. longiis, 
 t. long or tedious (1. in narrationibus, 
 Tac. Or. 22) ; artus or arctus, t. narrow 
 or limited (a. stipato theatre, Hor. Ep. 
 2, I, (>o ; but also, nimis arta convivia, 
 ib. I, ?. 29) : brevis. t. short (vitae 
 eumma brevis, Hor. Od. i, 4, 15) : sero, 
 t, late : V. L.\TE.] 
 
 tool: I. Lit. : 1. in collect, 
 
 eense, the tools and apparatus {stock) 0/ 
 any craft or trade, instrumentum : thus, 
 i. rusticum (Phaedr. 4, 5, 24) denotes 
 farm stock of all kinds : i. venatoriura 
 (Plin. Ep. J, 19), hunting implements, 
 etc.: in later Latin (esp. in pi.), used 
 alio as Eng. : thus Isid. Or. 19, 7, we 
 have the headinu', de instruraentis fa- 
 brorum (concerning the tools used by 
 smiths) : and Nizol. quotes from pseudo- 
 Cic. de Dom., instrumenta [anificia, tools 
 or implements used in noollen manu- 
 facture. [N.B. — Oft.expr. without the 
 use of a special word : e. g. the axe, a t. 
 used in felling trees, securis qua arbores 
 Bucclduntur : the sau\ a carpenter's t., 
 serra qua fabri lignarii utuntur.] 2. 
 ferramen turn (an iron t.) : tj of agri- 
 cultural labourers, f. agrestia, Li v. i, 40 : 
 esp. cutting implements : cf. Cic. Cat. }, 
 5, 10 : Mart. ( Utensilia, any articles of 
 common use: Liv. : Col.) ||. Fig.: a 
 person used as an instrument : minister, 
 tri : using Calchas as his t., Calchante 
 m., Virg. Aen. 2, 100 : Cic. Clu. 22, 60 
 (minister in maleficio). P b r. : he would 
 ejisily be able to make a t. of Antony, 
 facile se ex voliihtate Antonio usurum. 
 Sail. Cat. 26. 
 
 tooling ; Spus : v. workmanship. 
 
 tooth ; I. Qf man or other ani- 
 mals : dens, ntis, m. : for the diff. kinds 
 of teeth, as dentes primores, adversi, 
 praecisores(yront-<.) ; d. maxillares, gen- 
 uini, molares (ba^k-t.. grinders) ; and 
 canini (eye-t.) : v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. : 
 an upper, lower t, d. superior, inferior, 
 Cels. 6, 9, med. To extract a t., d. ex- 
 imere, Gels. ib. ; extrahere, Flin. }2, 7, 26 
 (in sense of, to cause it to come, out) : 
 to knock the t. out of any one's head, 
 d. alicui excutere, Juv. 16. 10: loose t, 
 d. mobiles, Plin. J2, 7, 26 : decayed t, d. 
 cariosi, ib. : hollow t.. A. exesi, id. jo, }, 
 8 : to put anything in hollow t., aliquid 
 cavis dentium indere, ib. : to scrape a 
 foul t., scabrum d. scalpere, Cels. 7, 12, 
 I : ont/ one's t. have been loosened by a 
 blow, alicui labant ex ictu d., ib. : a t. 
 comes out, cadlt s. excidit d., ib. : to 
 press a t. into its place, d. in locum 
 [suum] digito adurgere, ib. : to clean 
 the t, d. purgare : also, Invare, Mart. 14, 
 22: to gnash the «., dentibus frendere, 
 V. TO GNASH. Phr. : to cut the t., 
 dentlre, Plin. jo, j, 8 : to do so vrilh 
 difficulty, tarde dentire, ib. : having 
 badly formed t., male dentatus, Ov. R. 
 Am. } J9 : to cast a thing in a person's 
 t., aliquid objicere, exprobrare alicui (v. 
 TO rkproach) : t. and nail (by every 
 possible means), manibus pedibus [ob- 
 nixe omnia lacere]. Ter. Andr. i, i, i J4 : 
 asniaffi <.. denliculus. Pall. 1, 28. extr. 
 
 II. By analogy, tooth or prong of an 
 instrument : dens : e. g. of a cotnb, d. 
 pectinis, Varr. L. L. 5, 2?, IIJ : of a san; 
 d. serrae, Plin. : a small t. of the kind. 
 denticulus. Pall. : furnished with sw:h 
 t, dentatus, denticulatus • v. tooth kd. 
 
 III. Fig.: of anything that con- 
 sume and devours : Ph r. : lobe assailed 
 by the t. of envy, invido dente morderi, 
 Hor. Od. 4, ?, 1 6 : so, the. t. of calumny, 
 dens maledicus, Cic. Balb. 26, init. : 
 called also ater dens, Hor. Epod. 6, 1 5 : 
 the t. of time, vetustas (cf. Curt. }, 4, 
 mt£d., multa raonumenta vetustas exe- 
 derat) : never, dens temporis or aevi. 
 
 ache : dolor dentium : Cels. 6, 
 
 9. Phr.: in case of t, quum dens 
 dolet, lb. fin. : %\ dens condoluit, Cic. 
 Tusc. 2, 22, 52 : to suffer from acute t., 
 • dentium dolore cruciari. 
 
 brash : * pcniculus dentlbus 
 
 purgandis (Kr.). 
 868 
 
 toothed : 1. dentatus : t. rakes (or 
 harrows). A. rastri, Varr.: Plin. 2. 
 Uenticiilatus {furnished with small or 
 f,ne teeth) : a t.-sickle, falx d.. Col. 2, 
 21: Plin. 
 
 toothless : edentulus : « ojaen t. and 
 old. e. velnlae, PI. Mosi. I, ?, 118 : Arn. 
 Phr.: t. gums, inerniis gingiva, Juv. 
 10, 200: so perh. nuda gingiva; or by 
 circuml., denlibus carens, Plin. : den- 
 tibus vacuus, Tac. (Ki .). 
 
 pick: deniiscalpinm : Mart. 14, 
 
 24, lem. : where are mentioned lentiscus 
 (a t. of wood) ; and pinna (a quill) : 
 besides these, thorns or prickles (spinae) 
 were used for the purpose : whence Petr. 
 iZ,fin., spina argeniea. a silver [thorn- 
 lifx] t. : to use a t, dentes spina, pinna, 
 etc., levare : Mart. L c. 
 
 -powder : dentifricium {me- 
 dical) : Plin. 28, II, 49. 
 
 toothsome: boni suci; suavis, pa- 
 lato jucundiis : v. palatable. 
 
 top (^ubs.) : I. Highest point : 1. 
 use summus, in agreement with subs. : 
 e. g. the Exchange Jrom t. to bot- 
 tom, Janus summus ab imo, Hor. Ep. 
 I, I, 54 : at the t. of his voice, summa 
 voce, id. S. i, j, 7 : etpass. : (L. (i. $ ;4J). 
 2. fa^tigium (esp. of a building) : 
 cf. Virg. Aen. 2, 458, evado ad sumnii 
 fastigia culniinis: v. pinnacle. 3. 
 cacQmen, inis, n. {extreme point of 
 anything) : the t.s (summits) of moun- 
 tains, montis cacumina, Lucr. Used of 
 trre-l.s, Virg. E. 6, 28. 4. culmen, 
 inis. n. (an elevated kind of nord, more 
 = Eng. summit) : the t.s of the Alps, 
 c. Alpium, Caes. B. 6. j, 2 : 'IVoy falls 
 from her Infty t, ruit alto a c. Troja, 
 Virg. 2, 290. See also hkight, eleva- 
 tion, tip. Phr.: from t. to toe, ab imis 
 ungnibiis usque ad verticem summum, 
 Cic. R. Com. 7, 20 : you are all ivisdom 
 from t. to bottom, tu quantus quantus es 
 nihil nisi sapientia es, Ter. Ad. j. j, 40 : 
 to overthrow a state from t. to bottom, 
 civitatem funditus evertere, Cic. Am. 7, 
 2J : V. utterly. II, A toy so called: 
 turbo, inis.m. : Virg. Aen. 7, 578 : Tib. : 
 to spin a t, t. versare: v. to spin 
 (IIL). [Trochus, Gr. rpoxo^, is a hoop."] 
 top : superior, summus : v. upper, 
 and preced. arts. 
 
 top ("■) •" '• *• *" ™* above : siip6ro, 
 exstipgro, 1 : V. to overtop. 
 
 topaz: tOpazlon or os (?) : Plin. $7, 
 8, J2. Adj., topfiziacus : Venant. 
 
 top-heavy: *gravior (praegravis) a 
 superiore parte. 
 
 -knot : nodus crinium in ver- 
 
 tice summo substrictus, reliuatus ; cf. 
 Tac 6. 587. (in the had of a bird, 
 apex, icis, m. : Plin. 11, ^7, 44. 
 
 -mast : perh. malus superior, 
 
 summus : v. mast. 
 
 -sail : 1. supparum : to hoist 
 
 a t., s. intendere. Sen. Ep. 77, init. (see 
 the place) : Lucan. 2, called also 
 
 appy. d61o, onis, m. : to hoist the t., 
 A. erigere, Liv. 56, 44. (In either case 
 is meant a kind of t. used for greater 
 speed.) 
 
 tope : polo. 1 : V. to tipple. 
 toper: pOtator: V. tippler. 
 topic: res: v. subject. 
 topmost : summus : the t. ridge of a 
 mountain, s. jugum montis, Caes. B. G. 
 I, 21 : cf. top, subs. (L). 
 
 tOTJOgrapher : chorographus : Vitr. 
 8, 2, 6 (al. chorographiis). Or expr. by 
 verb: o good t., 'qui regionum situni 
 bene (diligenter, accurate) describit. 
 
 tODOgra')hical : Hhr. : t. details, 
 descriptio locorum, Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 6; : 
 Quint. : to give t. details, de forma 
 sitnque (oppidi, agri, etc.) scribere, cf. 
 Hor. Ep. I, 16, 4: also, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, }, 
 accipe t«mperiem coeli, regionis situm, 
 villae anioenitatem. 
 
 tOOOgra'^hy; locorum s. regionum 
 descriptio : Cic. : Quint. Also as t. t., 
 chorographia : Vitr. 8, 2, 6 (al. choro- 
 graphis). 
 
 tO"S7-turvy : Phr. : to turn things 
 t, omnia sursum deorsum versare. Sen. 
 Ep. 44, 5 : quod sursum est deorsum 
 facere, Petr. bi, fin. ; less literally. 
 
 omnia infima sunimis paria facere, 
 turbare, miscere, Cic. Leg. j, 9, init.; 
 summa imis miscere. Veil. 2, 2 : and 
 more generally still, omnia permiscere, 
 confundere, pertuibare : v. to confuse. 
 torch : 1. fax, facis, /. (a piece 
 of dry wood, covered with inflammable 
 material, for lighting fires, etc.) : to 
 point t.s (rimking them of taperin g pieces 
 of wood), f. inspicare, Virg. G. i, 292: 
 nuptial t.s, f. nuptiales, Cic. Clu. 6, 15 : 
 Hor. : Virg. See also hre-brand. 2. 
 taeda {a t. of pine-nood) : to Jire any- 
 thing by means of t.s, taeda [collect.] 
 aliquid incendere, Caes. B.C. 2, 11 ; the 
 blazing t.s of the Furies, t. ardentes 
 Furiarum, Cic. Pis. 2o, 46 : also nuptial 
 t.s, Ov. M. 4, 758. 3. funale, is, n. 
 {a kind of t. made of tow or cord covered 
 with fat or wax) : Cic. Sen. i ?, 44 : (in 
 relating the same story, Val. Max. i, 6, 4, 
 has cereus funalis to.) ; Virg. Aen. I, 727 
 (from which passage and the similar use 
 of cereus [funalis], this kind ot torch 
 would appear to have been esp. used at 
 banquets, cf. Sen. Ep. 122, 11, ad faces 
 et cereos vivere) : Hor. 4. lampas, 
 adis,/. (Gk. Aa/xjras- esp. used in poet, 
 and in speaking of Or. affairs) . Tunuis 
 hurled a blazing t. (as firebrand), arden- 
 tem coiyecit lampada Tunius, Virg. Aen. 
 9, 5i5 : Cic. Verr. 2, 47, 115 (in speaking 
 of a Greek statue of Cupid) : of the 
 weddivg-t, Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 9- Fig.: they 
 hand mi the t. of life, vitai lampada 
 tradutit, Lucr. 2, 78. 6. cereus (like 
 funale) : Sen. : v. supr. (3). 
 
 -bearer: 1. poet., taedifer, 
 
 eri;.^'. -fera : Ov. H. 2, 42 (t. Dea). 
 2. lampadarius (v. late) : Imp. Cod. 
 (Called also, lampadlfer, Not. Tir.) 
 [N.B. — in prose best expr. by meton., 
 using funale, as Cic. Sen. ij, 44, crebro 
 funali et tibicine, with a number of 
 torcli-bearers (lit. torches) and pipers ; 
 the torch implying the bearer. Servum 
 praelueeniem. Suet. Aug. 29, is an expr. 
 hardly to be imitated ; Cic. would perh. 
 rather have said, servum cum funali 
 praecedentem ; or servum funale [tae- 
 dam] praeferenteni, cf id. Cat. I, 6, IJ, 
 cui non ad libidinem facem praetulisti.] 
 
 -light : P h r. : 62/ t., ad faces 
 
 et cereos. Sen. Ep. 122, 11 : to he escorted 
 h(y<tie by t., *cum funalibus [crebro tu- 
 nali, cf. preced. art.] deduci : t. u better 
 for the purpose than daylight, "melius 
 tali rei convenit lux taedarum quam 
 soils. 
 
 torment (subs.) : crilciatus : v. tor- 
 ture. 
 
 torment («•) •■ '• e. to distress greatly : 
 
 1, crucio, I : do not t. yourself, my 
 
 love ! ne crucia te anime mi ! Ter. Eun. 
 
 1, 2, 15 : how poor mothers t. themselves, 
 ut miserae matres cruciantur, PI. True. 
 
 2, 5, J : to be t.'d with grief, dolore cru- 
 ciari, Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 14. Strengthened, 
 excrucio, i : lust and cowardice t. and 
 disquiet the mind, libido et ignavia ani- 
 mum ex. et soUicitant, ib. i, 16, 50. 
 Note also phr. excriuiare aliquem animi, 
 Ter. Ph. I, 4. 9. 2. exanimo, I (lit. 
 to take away life: hence, to distress 
 greatly with fear, etc.) : why do you t. 
 me with your complainings f cur me 
 querelis ex. tuis? Hor. Od. i, 17, i : cf. 
 Cic. Mil. ;4,9J ; me ex. etinteriniunthae 
 
 voces Milunis : Ter.: Virg. 3. 
 
 ango, xi, ctum, ? (lit. to throttle : hence, 
 to put to extreme distress): to be t.'d 
 with fear, cruciatu timoris angi.Cic.Off. 
 2, 7, 25 : to be t.'d in mind, angi anlmo, 
 Cic. Br. 2, 6 (also, angi animi, PL). 
 Join: sollicitare atque angere, Cic; 
 angi et cruciari, id. 4. solliiito, i (to 
 disquiet: a less strong word): Cic. 
 
 5. verso, I (to keep in a state of 
 agitation) : I'll t. him nicely to-day, as 
 I'm. alive! versabo ego illunc hodie, si 
 vivo, probe ! I'l. Bac. 4, 4, 6 : cf. Enn. in 
 Cic. Sen. init., [cura] quae nimc te co- 
 quit et versat, in ped-ire fixa : Liv. 
 
 6. vexo, I (to handle roughly: 
 hence," to put to suffering, trouble 
 greatly) : anxiety t.s the guilty, sollici- 
 tudo V. impii'S, Cic. l^eg. I, 14, 40: in 
 sim. sense, Sail. Cat. 1$, iu conscieutiA
 
 TORMENTOR 
 
 TORTURER 
 
 TOUCH UPOIf 
 
 mentem excitatn vexabat, 7. 5ni5co, 
 ui, ctum, I (as we say, to t.or tvorry to 
 death) : you t. me '. enccas (also, enicas) 
 me ! 'I'cr. : v. to worry. 
 
 tormentor: uxpr. by verb: his t.s 
 ■were imlefali/jahli; * illl autem haud- 
 quaqiiuiii cissare, <iu!ii misoruni [omni- 
 bus iniulis] viixaiciit, criiciarciit, aegri- 
 tndine conficei(-iil. Soiiictlnns carnlfex 
 may serve : cf. Ter. Aiidr. 4, i, 26, quun- 
 tas... mllii conlccit si'llititudincs meus 
 oamifex (my t.). (Not tortor in this 
 sense: v. toutubkr.) 
 
 tormenting (adj.): perh. criidelis; 
 acerbus, iiccrbissimus (affiictive, very 
 painful, cruel): v. i-ainkl'L, cbcel. 
 Or expr. by plir. : t. fears, metds crucia- 
 tus; metus quo criiciatiir animus: v. 
 TO TORMKNT. '/'. pains, faces dolorura, 
 Cic. Off. 2, 10, in. 
 
 tornado: tompestas: or perh. tur- 
 bo: V. WHIRLWIND. 
 
 torpedo : I. '''''« ./<*'' ■■ torpedo, 
 inis, /. : Cic. N. D. 2. 50, /n. (Itaia 
 torpedo, Linn.) ||. An explosive 
 
 engine : * lormentorum genus quae tor- 
 pedines appellantur. 
 
 torpid : |. Lit. : torpens : 
 
 strictly part, of torpeo : v. ntmb. ||, 
 Fig.: wantinf) in energy: piger, incrs, 
 ignavus : v. sluggish, inactive. To 
 grow t., torpescere. Sail. Jug. 2. 
 
 torpor : 'orpor (both lit., of numb- 
 nest or want of sensation, and tig., of 
 listless iiiactimty) : t. of rulei'S, I. prln- 
 cipum, Tac. G. 46. Usu. b<'ttcr, pigritia. 
 Inertia, ignfivia : v. inactivity, slug- 
 01SHNES.S. 
 
 torpidly: perh. languide: v. lan- 
 guidly. 
 torrent: I. ^ rapid stream: 
 
 1. torrcns, ntis, m. (striclly part. 
 with fluvius understood : whence we 
 find such exprr. as torrenlesfluvli, Varr. 
 R. R. 1, 12, fm. ; torrentia fluinina, Virg. 
 Aen. 1, 52): tlie discourse rushes on like 
 at., fertur quasi t. oratio.Clc. Fin. 2, i, ; : 
 Virg. Pro v.: to stem the t. (in roic- 
 ing): diripere brachia contra L, Jnv. 4, 
 9°- 2. by circuml. : * (lumen rapi- 
 dnra ; rapido dfcurrens flumine rivus, 
 amnis. ||. Heavy fall (f rain, etc. : 
 1' h r. : t.s of rain fall, imijer torrentis 
 modo effunditur. Curt. 8, 4, ad init. : I 
 came to Capua amid t.s of rain, maximo 
 imbri Capuam veni. Cic. Fam. 7, 20: cf. 
 Virg. G. I, jj?, densissimiiS imber : 
 t.s of blood, multus, pliirimus sanfjuis, 
 Liv. 2, 64, med. (pugnatum ingenti caede 
 utrinique, plurimo sanguine) : t.s of 
 tears, mullae lacrimae, Caes. B. G. i, 20. 
 Ill, Fig.; of that vhich rushes on 
 vehemently : torrens : e. g. verborum : 
 Quint. 10, "], 2}. Nearly in same sense, 
 flumen : v. ki/X)D. 
 
 torrid ; torridn* : the t. zone, zona t. : 
 geog. t. t. (described by Virg. G. 1, 254, 
 
 as zona torrida semper ab Igiii : by 
 
 Plin. 2, W: llius: media terrarum 
 
 exusta flaininis et creniata commlnns 
 vapore torrentur) : Kr. quotes torrida 
 zonafroni I'lin., but without ref. Phr.: 
 the t. zone, pars (terrae) fervidis inclusa 
 caloribus. lior. Od. i, 24, i") : also, qua 
 parte debacchantur ignes, ib. f, }, ;;: 
 not far from the t. zone, baud procul ab 
 ardoribus. Sail. Jug. 18. 
 
 torso : perh. * truncum signum. 
 tortoise : testudo, inis, /. : Cic. : 
 Plin. Oft. to denote a kind of military 
 Shield-u-ork or shed : to advance a t. 
 against a place, t. agere, Caes. B. G. 5, 
 4) : to form al.,t. facerc. id. Of a t., t.-, 
 t*8tudln«us- «". fi.t. pace [" snail's jxtce"], 
 t. gradus. I'l. Aul. i, i, 10. (Chelys, Gk. 
 X^v<;, only in I'etr. fr. p. 682, Burm.) 
 
 -shell: tesindinis putilmen: to 
 
 cut t. into thin plates, testudinum pu- 
 tamlna in lamnas secare, Plin. 9, 11, i}. 
 Also meton. testudo : Virg. G. 2, 46}. 
 Of t., testudlneus : Tib. : Prop, llence, 
 testudinea, orum, articles made of t., 
 Javol. Dig. J2, too, } 4. 
 
 torture (.wbs.) : |. Pain inflicted 
 with a view to obtain confession or evi- 
 dence : 1. tormentum (almost always 
 pi. : used also lor tlie iiistrument of t.) : 
 to make inquiry by t., tormentis quae- 
 
 rere, Cic. Deiot r, /". .- per t. quaerere 
 [quid sit vert], i'lin. Ep. 10, 97 (96), 8: 
 to dti so witli die leceieit t.s, omnibus t. 
 vebemeiitisslmis quaerere, Cic. Clu. 6}, 
 i';6: cf. verberibus ac t. ciuaestioiiem 
 habere, id. Ph. 11, 2, 5 : to u-rivg out a 
 anifession by t., tomientls corifessiouem 
 exprimere, Suet I'ib. 19 : to apply t., 
 t. adhil)eie, Cic. Off. j, 9, {9. 2. 
 
 quaesiio (0/ slaves: lit. examinalion, 
 whuh in their case u<as made under t.) : 
 to reveal anything under t. [of a slave], 
 in quaestione aliquid dicerc, Cic. Clu. 6j, 
 1-6: to dtmarui a slave to be examined 
 under t., servum in quaestioncm postu- 
 lare, ib. 64. extr. ||. rain injlictai 
 by V ay of punishment or cruelty : 1. 
 cruciatus, us (cruel and inhuman treat- 
 ment) : to be put to death with cruel t.s, 
 cum cruciatu necari, Caes. B. G. 5, 45: 
 cf. ib. 56, omnibus cruclatibus affectus 
 necatur : to lie mangled with extreme t.s, 
 per ultlmos c. lacerari. Curt. 6. tl : to 
 be hurried away to t., in cruciatum 
 abripi, Ter. Andr. 4, 4, 47 : to submit to 
 (any) t, dare se in c. Cic. H. Am. 41, 
 119. 2. supplTcium: (any very severe 
 or cruel penalty, esp. capital jruvish- 
 metit of a cruel kind) ; to kill a prson 
 with the nwist anel tJ, aliqucm onini s. 
 cruciatum necare, Cic. Man. ;, inil.: cf. 
 s. miserrima et cnidelissima perferre 
 [fig.], id. ad Pomp. [Att. 8. n]. 3. 
 tormenta, orum (cf. svpr. I): to put a 
 person to death by fire and every con- 
 ceivable t, aliquem igne atque omnibus 
 t. excruciatum interficere, Caes. B. G. 
 6, 18 (19) : the sing, occurs in this sense. 
 Suet. Tib. 62 (lidiculanim simiil urinae- 
 que tormento). See al-so verb (loll. art.). 
 4, carnit icina (executioner's ivork) : 
 to undergo t., c. subire, Cic. 'I'usc. ;, 27, 
 78: Liv. Instruments of t.: tormenta: 
 (gen. term): Plin. ?4. 8. >9, ^ 89 [also 
 perh. so to bo understood in the passages 
 given under I.] : specially equuleus (v. 
 RACK) ; fidiciilae, arum (cords for dis- 
 tending the limbs): Suet. 1. c. : .Sen.: 
 also, verbera, ignis; enumerated among 
 the instrumental crudeliUitis, Curt. 6, 11. 
 Ill, Any extreme suffering : 1, crfi- 
 ciiitus: to undergo incredible t.s (from 
 gout), incre<libiles c. [et indignissima 
 tormenta] pati, Plin. Kp. i, 12, 6: to 
 caufe dreadful t.s, taetros c. ciere, Cic. 
 poet. Fin. 2, 29, 94: used of mental 
 agony, id. Atl. 11, 11 (confectus jam 
 cniciatu maximorum dolorum). 2. 
 tormentum : no acuter t. than envy, 
 inviilia non majus t., Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 59- 
 the t.s of Fortune, Fortunae t.,Cic. Tusc. 
 5, I, I : cf supr. (1). 3. expr. by 
 dOlores, with some intensive word : v. 
 PAIN, TORMFNT. 4. carninciiia: Cic. 
 Tusc. J. I ?, init. (used as a very strong 
 expi:. doumright torture: quum omnis 
 acgritudo miseria est, turn caruificina 
 est acpritudo). 
 
 torture ("■) •• 1. torqueo, si, turn, 
 2 (both lit. and fig.) : to t. any <rtif like a 
 sJave, aliquem servllem in modum t.. 
 Suet. Aug. 27 : Cic. Fig.: to be t.d by 
 envy or fear, invldia, metu torqueri, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 2, J-: Cic. Comps.: (I.) 
 cxtorqueo, 2 (strengthened from simple 
 verb) : t. me ! (and see) if such is not the 
 fact, extorque, nisi ita iactum est, Ter. 
 Ad. }, 4, !7 : Liv. more freq. =TO ex- 
 tort, WRING FROM (q. v.). (2.) distor- 
 queo, 2 (fig.): he t.d (them) in a noiyl 
 way, novo quaeslionis gen-re distorsit. 
 Suet. Dom. lo: also fig.. Sen. 2, 
 crucio, excrhcio, I : v. to torjiknt. 3. 
 lacfro, I (lit. to tearand mangle: hence, 
 to use with great cruelty) : grief t.s the 
 heart, aegritudo I. animum. Cic. poet, 
 lusc. J, IJ : more fully, animum dolori- 
 bns 1., Veil. 2, l?o: cf. Anct l»om. 2 5, 
 t>ii<.,omnicrudelitate I., Ov. 4. other 
 phn may be derived from prwed. art. 
 and aiit. rack (sulis. and vtrb^■. c. g. 
 torini'iita adhilH're, toruunta adiuovere 
 (^Cnrt. 6, II), in equuleum injicere, etc. 
 torturer: 1. t^'"""" <« PT^''"* 
 
 who inflicts torture. In senses L, II. : v. 
 suhs.): Cic Clu. 6j, 177: Hor.: Curt. 
 Fig. of ef/n«ct '«<■«: Juv. ij, 195. 2. 
 carulfex, icis (executioner) : PI- : Cic. 
 
 torturing (adj.) • v. T<jRXF.NTm(j. 
 
 T. pain, crucialus (doluniiii) v. tor- 
 TL'BE. T. suspense. anxieUut (dubiutlo) 
 quae animum versat atque soUicital. 
 
 toss (v.) : I. L i t. : Jacto, i : to be 
 
 t.'d at tea, (tempeetate) in altu j;ictari, 
 
 Cic. Inv, J, ji : Virg. 7b t. about {<■. g. 
 
 the /i«adl. quaiio, quasso: v. to miakk. 
 
 II. I'IB.: qfUiemind: iiglto. veno, 
 
 SOllUito, 1 . v. to agitate, blM^llCT. 
 
 toss (subs.) : Jactus, us: v. throw. 
 total (adj.) : totu.s, universub, tuiic- 
 
 tUS: V. ALL, WHOLE. 
 
 tx>ta.l (subs.) : gumma: v. sum. 
 
 totality: 1. summa: V. sew. 
 
 2. finlversilas (the whole takrv to- 
 gether) : in the t. of things (the iiniirr««X 
 in u. rerum, Cic.N. D. 1, 4), 120: I'lin. 
 See also whole. 
 
 totally : omnlno, plane, pror«ua, 
 etc. V. wholly, altogether. 
 
 totter: 1. l^bo, l (to be on the 
 point (f falling) : the image t.$. signum 
 1., Cic. Verr. 4, 4J, 95. 2. uuto, 1 
 the ash t.s, omus n., Virg. Aen 2. 690: 
 to steady the t.ing slate, rem fiubliiam 
 nutantem stabllire, Suet. Vesp. 8. 3. 
 vacillo, I : V. WAVKn, sway, .sta'.gkil 
 
 4. titfibo, I : V. reel, stalgkr. 
 T.ing steps, tllubata vestigia, Virg. Aen. 
 5. J52. 
 
 tottering : vaciliatio : v. reeling. 
 Or expr. by circuml. with verb. 
 
 touch (subs.) : } I The act : L 
 
 touching: 5 tactus, us: lute- 
 strings answer to every t., chordae ad 
 qiiemque t. respoiident, Cic. de Or. j, 57, 
 216: o slight t., levis t., Ov. .Met. 4. t8o. 
 The sen,se of t., t., Cic. N. D. 2. ib. 141. 
 2. tactio (as verbal subs, with ace.) : 
 quid tibi banc digito tactio est, PlauL 
 Poen. 5, 5, 29. Tlie sense of t., l., Cic 
 i'usc. 4, 9, 20. II. Contact : L con- 
 taglo : Cic. Div. I, JO, 61. 2. contactus. 
 lis: Virg. : Plin. 3. contages, is, /. . 
 Lucr. 4. contagium : Lucr. : Plin. 
 5. attuctus. us (only in ahl. 
 sing.): Ov. Met. 14, 414: Virg. 6 
 stringor : the t. of cold water, s. gelidui- 
 aqual, Lucr. }, 69}. |||. T. t. in Art : 
 l)erh. penicillus, cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15 
 [N.B. — T. used metaph. for delicate or 
 subtle marks of character or quality 
 must generally Ije expr. by subiills i«r 
 some other adj. according to the con- 
 text.] Phr. : the finishing t., manus 
 extrema, Cic. Brut, jj, 126: v. stB'>kk.. 
 
 touch (<'•)■• I. Lit-: 1, Iting". 
 tetigi, tactum, j: to t. the ground vtth 
 the k-nee, t, genu tcrram, Cic. Tusc. 2. 24. 
 57 : she t.'d their faces with a tcanW, 
 ora virga t., Ov. Met. 14, 41 }. Ofjood : 
 U'olves did not t. the bmliej. corjwra non 
 t. lupi, Ov. Met. 7, 550: PlauL [v. 
 taste]. 2. attingo, Ugi, tactum, t : 
 before the battering ram had t.'d the 
 n'all, priusquam aries munim attlgissei, 
 Caes. B. G. 2, J2: (no one) has t.'d a 
 fraction of my booty, de praeda nie.i 
 "(nemo) terumiura a., Cic. Fam. 2. 17, 4. 
 3, couiingo, V ttte moon almoft t.- 
 ing the earth, luna terram paene c, id. 
 
 I)iv. 2, 41, 91: V. RKAOll, SEIZE. 4. 
 
 attrecto, i, contre«to, 1 . v. handle. 
 
 5. afflcio, ? : V. AKFKCT. .Vo< to f., 
 abstlneo (with refl. prtm. and aU.). Cic- 
 V. ABSTAIN. 7b t.lightly. libo, I (po. t.), 
 Ov. A. A. I, 5-7. II. FiB : 'o offeet 
 mentally: 1, tango, j: tot. the heart 
 by a complaint, cor t. querela, Hor. 
 A. P. 98: Cic: Liv. 2. attingo, j: 
 Lucr.: Cic.: Liv.: v. affect 3, 
 afficlo, feci, fettum; Cic. : v. affect. 
 
 4 moveo, movl, m6t\im, 2" v. 
 MOVE. " 5. fleet... xi.xum. J ; v. rend. 
 SOFTEN. 6. stringo, nxl, cium. ? : the 
 spectacle of filial piety t.'d his heart, 
 animum ivitfiae s pieuiis imaco. Virg. 
 Aen. 9. 294. I'h r. <■■ t.. t. nearly, any 
 one's honiiur or iAnnic(cr, violare all- 
 cujus exlstimaiionom. Cic Fam. 1 i, 7}. 
 
 .at: nautical t. t. : expr. by 
 
 apiiellere navem with ad or In (ripam. 
 littus, etc.) : cf. ClcPbll. 1, II, 26: id. 
 Att. u, 21. 
 
 • upon: 1. I'lt.: tango, at- 
 tingo : V. i«)Ri>EK. T.ivg uptrn . con- 
 tiguus contermlnua : v. BORUEBiifo, 
 869
 
 TOUCH-H OLE 
 
 TOW A R DS 
 
 TRACE 
 
 tfEIGHBOUBING. ||. Fig.: 1. at- 
 
 tiiigo, f: I t. upon those subjects un- 
 vrilUr,gl>i, invitus ea a., Liv. 28, 2") 
 Plaut. "Cic. : Sail. 2. tango, i : that 
 third point which has been i.'d upon by 
 Crassus, illud tenium quod a Crasso 
 tactum est, Cic. de Or. 2, 10. 45 : / ivill 
 t. upon each point slightly, leviter unum 
 quodque t., id. Rose. Am. ?o, 8j. 3. 
 perstringo, nxi, ctum, j : to merely t. 
 itprm each subject, tantiimmodo p. un- 
 atnquamque rem, ib. J2, qi. Join: 
 perquam breviter p. alqiie atliiigere, id. 
 de Or. 2, 49, 201. 4. dellbo, i (rare 
 in this sense), to t. upon everything in 
 telling a story, omnia narratione d.. 
 Quint. 4, 2, 5;. 5. percurro, j : v. run 
 OVER, CUKSOBV. Or expr. by adv. sum- 
 matim, strictim, with verbs meaning to 
 speak, etc. P h r. : which topics your 
 fine rhetoricians have not so much as 
 t.'d upon, quae isti rheiores ne priraori- 
 bus quidem labris attigissent, id. i, 19, 
 87 ; to t. upon the principal points, re- 
 rum summas attingere, Nep. I'elop. i. 
 
 touch-hole : * foramen tormenli cui 
 scintilla apponitur. 
 
 tOMChing (prep.) : quod attinet ad: 
 t. our dealings with the people we seem, 
 etc., quod aid popularem rationem a. 
 vldeniur..., Cic. Kam. i, 2. 2. de: 
 t. Otho I have misgivings, de Othone 
 
 diffido, id. Alt. 12. 42: V. CONCERNING. 
 
 3, ad, quod ad: v. as (Phr. : C. 
 As to or for). Or, in some cases, expr. 
 by simple ace. : e. g. t. that which you 
 said, namely, that, etc., I quite agree 
 with you, itlud quod a te dictum' est 
 esse, etc., valde tibi assentior, id. ile Or. 
 I, 28, 126: V. (with)jbegard (to). 
 
 touching {(^dj.) : 1. mollis (poet.) : 
 t. plaints, m. querelae, Hor. Od. 2, 9, 17. 
 2. flexanimus : Cic. : Cat. : v. af- 
 fecting. Expr. by verb : v. touch, II., 
 
 AFFECT. 
 
 touch-stone: |. Lit. : 1. 
 
 roticula: Plin. JJ, 8, 4}. 2. lapis 
 Heraclius Lydius: ib. 3. index, icis, 
 m.: Ov. Met. 2, 706. 4. *scliistus 
 Lydius: Linn. Phr.: after applying 
 the t, postquam indicium est factum, 
 Vitr. 9. J. II. Fig. : obrussa (a test- 
 ing nf gold) : reason must be used as a 
 t., adhibenda tanquam obrussa ratio, 
 Cic. Brut. 74, 258: to apply the t. to 
 arpunie«te, argumenta ad ubrussam exi- 
 gere. Sen. Q. N. 4, 5. 
 
 -wood : * lignum putre. 
 
 touchy; 1. offensioui pronior, 
 
 of. Tac. Ann. 4, 29. 2. st6raacbosus: 
 a somewhat t. Utter -. stoniachosiores lit- 
 terae, Cic. Att. i, u, fin. 3. mollis 
 ad accipiendam offensionem {of disposi- 
 timi, animus), Cic. Att. i, 17: v. irri- 
 
 TABLE, CHOLERIC. 
 
 tough: I. ^ot brittle: 1. 
 
 lentus : t. boughs, 1. rami, Virg. Georec. 4" 
 558. 2. durus: a t.fowl,<\. galiina, 
 Hor. Sat. 2, 4, 18: Plln. 3, tenax: 
 V. TENACIOUS. II. Not easy, difficilis, 
 arduus: v. difficult, hard. 
 
 toughness: duritia: t. of the skin 
 {of a serpent), d. pellis, Ov. Met. }, 6j. 
 [NB. — Lentitia =: either flexibility or 
 viscostty.'\ 
 
 tour: 1, iter, itineris, «. (gen. 
 term): v. journey. 2. peregrinatio 
 (m foreign countries) : Cic. : in pi., id. 
 Am. 27, 'lo?. 3. lustratio (rare) : a 
 t. through the municipal toivns, 1. muni- 
 cipi<irum, id. PliiL 2, 2;, 57. 4. cir- 
 cuitus. us, m. : after a t. through Asia 
 and ."^i/ria h* came to Egypt, Asiae 
 Syriaique circuitu Aegyptam petit. 
 Suet. Aug. 17. [N B.— Not excursio.] 
 Phr.: to make a t. through or round, 
 circumeo, lustro. peragro : v. traverse, 
 GO (ROUND): after making a t. round 
 the nearest islands, proximis insulis 
 circuitis. Suet. Aug. 98. To take a 
 ■walking t., pgrambulo, i : v. walk. 
 
 tourist : 1. viat t (gen. term) : 
 T. TBAVELLKR. 2. peregriniitor (a t. 
 in a foreign country): Cic. Fam. 6, i8. 
 
 tournament: *decursio equestris, 
 cf. Suet. Cat. i8: * Indus equester : 
 * ludicrum equitum certamen : * eques- 
 tris pugnae spectaculum. 
 870 
 
 tow {subs.): stuppa: Liv. 21, 8: 
 Caes. : Plin. Burning t., stuppea 
 flamma, Virg. Aen. 8, 694. Made of t., 
 stuppeus, Virg. : Ov. I'ertaining to t., 
 stupparius, Plin. 
 
 tow («.) ■• naut. t. t. : expr. by verb 
 meaning draw, with abl. of remulcuni 
 (a t.-line, t.-rnpe) : e. g. he t.s away 
 the vessel, navem remulco abstrahit, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 2 1, fin. : to t. a ship, na- 
 vem remulco trahere, Liv. 25, jo : he t.s 
 the merchantmen as prizes inl^ Alexan- 
 dria, naves onerarias remulco victricibus 
 suis navibus Alexandriam deducit, Anct. 
 B. Alex. II, fin. Or expr. by adigo (v. 
 CONVEY): c£' Tac. Ann. 11, 18: or by 
 traho simply, cf. ib. 2. 24. Men who t. 
 vessels, gquisones nautici, Varr. in Non. 
 116, I : helciarii, Mart. 4, 64, 22. 
 toward: \ I. Denoting 
 
 towards {WV-) ■ S motion in the 
 (iijvciio^ of any object : 1. adversus 
 (with ace.).- they charge t. the hill, im- 
 petuni a. monfem faciunt, Cae.s. B. C. i, 
 46 ■ who is coming t. me f quis me a. 
 incedit .•' Plant. Pers. 2, 2, l8. 2. 
 
 versus (following its case, used chiefly 
 with names of towns ; with other 
 subs, in or ad are used, and versus is 
 added adverbially) : / turned from 
 Mintumae t. Arpinum, verti me a 
 Mintumis Arpinum v., Cic. Att. 16. 
 10 : to shift his quarters at one 
 time t. the city at another t. Gaul, 
 modo ad urbem modo in ijalliam versus 
 castra movere. Sail. Cat. 56. 3. ad 
 (rare in this sense): hills and fields 
 feem. lo fly t. the ship, fugere ad pup- 
 pim cnlles campique videntur, Lucr. 4, 
 ?9o (v. to). T. is often expr. in Latin 
 by ad or ob in comp. with a verb: 
 V. L. G. } 556. 4. obviam : v. to 
 
 meet. T. some place, aliquo vorsum. 
 Plant.: t. the right, dextrorsnm or -sus 
 (v. right) : t. the left, sinistrorsiim or 
 -sus (v. LEFT). II. Of direction with- 
 out any idea of motion, often of geogr. 
 position : 1. ad : Gaul turns t. the 
 north, fiallia vergit ad septentriones, 
 Caes. B. G. i, i : freq. in Plin 2. 
 in : the Belgians lie t. the north and east, 
 Belgae spectant in septentriones et 
 orientem solem, Caes. B. G. i, i : Tac: 
 urinJows turned t. the rocul, fenestrae ; 
 in viam versae, Liv. i, 41. 3. ai- 
 versus: v. opposite to. |||, Of time, | 
 denoting approximation : 1. sub : t. ] 
 night, sub noctem, Caes. B. C. I. 28 : t.\ 
 early dawn, sub lumina prima, Hor. .Sat. 
 2. 7, {?• 2. in: if the fe ler increases 
 t. night, si febris in noctem augetur, 
 Cels. 7, 27. IV. Fig.: of inclination 
 or action directed to a person or per- 
 sonified object : 1. erga (generally 
 of friendly feelings and after subs.) : the 
 kindness of our friends t. us, benevo- 
 lentia amicorum e. nos, Cic. N. 1). 2, 2j, 
 60. 2. adversus: the greatest fair- 
 ness t. others, summa a. alios aequitas, 
 Liv. i, ii Tac. 3. in (with ace): 
 faithful and kind t. her, fidelis et ben- 
 ignus in illam. Ter. Hec. }, 5, 22 : most 
 generous t. every doss of men, in omne 
 genus horainum liberal issimus. Suet. 
 Vesp. 7 : a fatherly feeling t. his 
 brothers, in fratres animus paternus, Hor. 
 Od. 2. 2, 6 : broVierly love t. me, amor 
 in nos fraternus, Cic. Q. Fr. 1. 1 (v. for) : 
 forbearance ' suppliants, dementia in 
 supplices, PlUi. 8, 16, 19. 4. contra 
 (rare) : the elephant's forbearance t. 
 wealcer creatures, dementia elephanti 
 contra minus validos, ib. 7, 7. 5. in 
 (with abl., usu. after expressions signi- 
 fying hatred, rage, cruelty, etc.): he was 
 cruel t. a foe, saevus in hoste fuit, Ov. 
 Am. I, 7, }4 : also gen. when the dis- 
 position is represented in connection 
 with the object, but not in reference to 
 any particular manifestation : e. g. to 
 shoiv pity t. human misfortunes, ad- 
 bibere in hominuni fortunis misericord- 
 iain, Cic. Rab. Perd. 2, 5. 6. adversus : 
 Itis old hatred t. the Armenians, vetus a. 
 Armenios odium, Tac. Ann. i?, J7 (v. 
 for. AGAINST). T. may freq. be ren- 
 dered in Latin after a subs, by the objec- 
 tive gen., when there is no danger of 
 
 ambiguity : e. g. love t. one's country, 
 caritas patriae, Cic. Off. j, 27, 100 ; com- 
 possum t. the masses, miseria)rdia vulgi, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 15 : v. FOR, and L. G. } 268. 
 Also to entertain any feeling t. any one 
 may be expr. by the corresponding 
 Latin verb governing the case ot the 
 object : e. g. to feel affection t. any one, 
 aliquem amare. 
 
 tOW&ri (adj.) : I 1. dScilis: v. 
 
 towardly: f teachable. 2. 
 tractabilis: v. tractable. 3. facilis: 
 V. COMPLIANT. 4. habilis ■ v. man- 
 ageable. 5. officiosus : V. obliging, 
 
 DDTrFUL. 6. secuildus : V. FAVOUR- 
 
 ABLE. 7. promptus, paratus: v. ready. 
 8. obsgquens : v. compliant. 9. 
 propensus, inclinatus ad: v. inclined". 
 10. aptus : v. FIT. 
 towardness: l 1. dSciutas 
 
 towardliness : 5 (teachableness) : 
 Cic. : Plin. : Suet. 2. facilitas (readi- 
 ness), Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 28. 3. pro- 
 pensus animus, id. Att. ij, 21. 4, 
 propensa voluntas: cf. Auct. B. Alex', 
 26. 5. obsequentia : v. compliance. 
 towel: 1. mantele, is, n., and 
 niantelium: they bring t.s loith shorn 
 nap, tonsis ferunt m. villis, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 702 : Varr. 2. perh. sudarium : cf. 
 Mart. IT, J9, }. 
 
 tower (subs.) : 1. turns,/. : Cic. : 
 Caes. ; Liv. : Hor. 2. arx, arcis, /. 
 (a keep on a height) : v. citadel. 3, 
 castellum: v. fort. A little t, turri- 
 ciila, Vitr. 
 
 tower (v.) : emineo • v. stand (out), 
 RISE. T.ing rocks, turriti scopuli, Virg. 
 Aen. }, 5j6. Phr.: to be in a t.ing 
 passion, exardescere iracundia ac stom- 
 acho, Cic. Verr. 2, 20, 48. 
 
 tow-line : 1. remulcum : v. to 
 tow. 2. fanis, m. (gen. term) : Prop. 
 I, 14, 4: V. rope. 
 
 town : 1. urbs, bis, /. .• to fly 
 from t. to the country, rus ex urbe evo- 
 lare, Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 22. Phr.: alas I 
 hoiv often J have been the talk of the t., 
 heu me, per urbem fabula quanta fv'. 
 Hor. Epod. II, I}: v. city. 2. '1- 
 pidum (other than the metropolis, which 
 is urbs, though o. was occasionally ap- 
 plied to Rome): in the metropolis or 
 any t., urbe oppidove uUo, Suet. 0th. i. 
 3. municipium (in Italy, a t. sub- 
 ject to Rome but self-governed) : men 
 from country t.s, homines ex municipiis 
 rusticanis, Cic. Rose. Am. 15, 4? : Caes. 
 A small t, oppidiilum : Cic. Att. 10, 7 : 
 Hor. A t.counciUor, dgcilrio, Cic. Sest. 
 4, 10 : Caes. In every t., oppidatim : 
 Suet. Adj. : urbanus : t. life, u. vita, 
 Varr. R. R. j, i, 1 ; urbanitas, Cic. Fam. 
 7, 6. A man about t., urbanus scurra, 
 Plaut. Most. I, I, 14. 
 
 -crier : praeco, onls, m. .- Cic. : 
 
 Hor. : v. crier. 
 
 -hall : curia: Cic Att. 6, i. 
 
 townsman :_ 1. oppidanus : Caes. 
 2. municipalis homo, Cic Att. 8, 
 IJ. 3. civis: V. citizen. 
 
 toy (subs.) : I. A plai/thitig ; 1, 
 crepundia, orum, n. pi. {a child's rattle) : 
 Plaut. : Cic. 2. oblectamenla piigr- 
 orum, id. Panid. ;, 2. Phr.: to give up 
 t.s, nuces relinquere, Pers. 1, 10. ||. 
 A trijle : v. trifle. 
 toy ("■) •■ V. to plat. 
 
 -man : * Qui crepundia vendit. 
 
 -shop: *tabema qua crepundia 
 
 venduntur. 
 
 trace : I. Foot-print, or any mark 
 or indication : 1, vestigium : obscure 
 t.s of a flying foe, incerta fugae v., Tac. 
 Agr. j8 : t. of a deer, v. cervae, Ov. 
 Trist. 5 , 9, 27 : Caes. : Cic. : Liv. Fig.: 
 there is not even a t. of dignity left dbotct 
 me, ne v. quidem uUum est reliqnum 
 nobis dignitatis, Cic. Fam. 4, 14. 2. 
 indicium {sign, token) : t. and proofs of 
 crime, i. atque argumenta sceleris, id. 
 Cat. }, 5, IJ. Join : t.s of poison, i. et 
 vestigia veneni, id. Cln. 10, jo. 3i 
 signum: t. of feet, s. pedum, Ov. Met. 
 4, 544. Join: s. notaeque ppdum. id. 
 Fast.}, 650: v. SIGN. 4. signif icatio : 
 some t. of merit, allqua s. virtulis, Cic 
 
 Off. I, 46: v. SIGN, HARK, TOKEN, VIS'
 
 TRACK 
 
 T « A I X 
 
 1 K A .N q U 1 L L I T y 
 
 TIGB. PJir. : not the slightest t. ap- 
 pears, nee nota nee vestigium apparet 
 or extat, Varr. in Non. 416, 10 and 22. 
 II. A strap that fastens a horse to 
 the shafts of a carriage, perh. helcium, 
 
 App. M. 8, p. 222 : V. UAKNKSS. 
 
 track (sxibs.): |. -l trace: veBti- 
 giuni: V. TRACE. A wheel-t.: orblla: 
 Cic. : V. RUT. II. A path : ciillis, is, 
 m. (f. In Liv.) : uvfrequented ts, deviae 
 c, Liv. 22, 14: hidden t.s, secret! c, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 44} : v. path. 
 
 trace: ) ( 1. vestigo, i 
 
 -out: >(v'0-< (rare): to t. by 
 
 track : ) ( scent, v. odore, 
 
 Plin. 8, 18, 25. Fig. : to t. causes, cau- 
 sas rerum v., Cic. dc Ln. 2, jq, 166. 2. 
 invesiigo, 1 ; the keenness of dogs' scent 
 for t.itig, caniini ad Investigandum 
 sagacitas narlum, id. N. I). 2, 6;. 3. 
 pervestigo, i : you nould call them 
 hounds, so keenly did they scent and t. 
 out evenithing, aines venuticos dlceres, 
 ita omnia odoialjantur et p., id. Verr. 4, 
 I}. ?'• 4, indago, 1 : Ihe dog born to t., 
 canis natus ad i.. id. Kin. 2, i}, }9. 5. 
 6doror, l : v. to scent. 6. vestigiis 
 sequor : of. Liv. 9, 4s : v. follow up, 
 
 PUBSUE. 7. explore, I : v. SEARCH. 
 
 Poet.: vestigia retro observata lego, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 192. 
 
 trackless : 1. avius : t. moun- 
 tains, a. montes, Hor. Od. i, 2}. 2: ; 
 Sail.: Virg. 2. invius: v. impass- 
 able. 
 
 tract: \. a region: 1. tractns, 
 us: the vast t.s of the Alps lie lie- 
 tween, mediae jacent immensis t. Alpes, 
 Lucan :, 6?o: Cu. . Hor. 2. rCgio: 
 V. HHGiON. F'hr. : UKliniited t.s of 
 spate, iinmensji et interminala in omnes 
 partes regionum niagiiitudo, Cic. N. D. 
 ', 20, 54. II. A small treatise, gen. 
 religious: 1. libelius: v. pamphlet. 
 
 2. tractatus, us: Plln. 14, 4, 5. 
 
 3, perh. chartula: of. Cic. Fam. 
 7. 18. 4. commentatio: v. trea- 
 tise. 
 
 tractable: 1. tractabllis: a wura^e- 
 ous disposition is gentle and t. in friend- 
 fhip, virtus est in aniicitia tencra et t., 
 Cic. Am. I J, 48: Ov. : Virg.: Quint. 
 Of things: t. material, t. maleries, Vitr. 
 2, 9, fin. 2. flexibilis : Cic. Att. 10, 
 II. 3. docilis: v. teachable. 4. 
 mollis (in bad sense) : v. tiklding. 
 5. facilis: v. compliakt. 6. "b- 
 sSquens, obsgquiosus : v. complaisakt. 
 
 tractableness : docilitas : v. doci- 
 LITV: expr. by the adj. 
 
 trade : 1. mercatura : wholesale 
 t, m. magna et copiosa, Cic Off. i, 42. 
 151: retail <., m. tenuis, ib. 2. coni- 
 mercinm (cmnm^cial intercourse) : Sail. 
 Jug. 18, 6: they first carried on a t. in 
 frankincense, c. thuris primi t'ecere, 
 Plin. 12, 14, JO. 3. merciitus, us : 
 
 Cic. Phil. 2, ?, 6: v. traffic. 4. 
 nSgotium, nggotia, pi. (of mo/ney-lend- 
 ers): v. BUSINESS. Phr. : I am in busi- 
 ness and driving a thriving t., rem gero 
 et lucr\nii tacio. Plant. Pers. 4, ;. ?4 : to 
 carry on a t. in anything, vendo, veii- 
 dito (v. sell) free I., * liberum com- 
 mercium: whither all used to resort for 
 purposes of t., quo omnes cum mercibus 
 commeabant, Cic. Manil. 16, fin. : mer- 
 chants ca)Ty on t. with them, ad eos 
 mercatores conmieant, Caes. B. 6. I, i : 
 V. TRAFFIC. T. (iipf). to a profe8.-*ion), 
 sordida ars, Cic. Off. I, 42, 150. T.- 
 mark, *nota mercibus imprcssa. 
 
 trade ("•)•■ 1. mercaluras facio 
 (of many): Cic. Verr. 5, 28, '72. 2. 
 mercor, 1 : Plant. Merc. prol. 82. 3. 
 commercor, i : to t. in ueapons. tela c. 
 Sail. Jug. 66: Plant. 4. nSgotior (to 
 carry on a l>anking business in the pro- 
 vinces) : also gen. : for the purpose of 
 ting, negotiandi causa, Liv. 52, 29: v. 
 TRADE (subs.). T.ing vessel : navis one- 
 raria, Caes. : Liv. 
 
 trader : 1. mercator (esp. whole- 
 sale dealers): Caes.: Cic. 2. nego- 
 tiator (a money-leruier) ; also gen. : 
 .Suet. Ner. }2. 3. negOtians, ntis : 
 Cic. .\tt. 5. 20. 
 
 tradesman: 1. negotiator: a 
 
 small t., mercis sordidae n.. Quint, i, 12, 
 11. 2. caupo, onls: v. huckster. 
 
 trade-wind: 'ventus qui certo 
 tempore ex (eadem) parte caell perpetuo 
 spirat, cf. Gell. 2, 2 (the description of 
 the Eteslae). 
 
 tradition : 1. fama : as the old 
 t. g<M's, Vitus est ut f., Hor. Sal. 2, I, j6. 
 
 2. traditio: Gell. Phr.: to hand 
 down bf/ t, memoriae posterls tradere, 
 Liv. J. 67 ; memoriae prodere, Caes. B. G. 
 5. 12: the t. is not warranted, nun 
 traditur certum, ib. 2, 8 : to hand donn 
 a t. of the battle, t. memoriam pugnae 
 post»-'ris, id. 3, 10 r according to t., ut 
 quod memoria proditiim, Cic. Rep. 2, Ji, 
 54. Phr.: there is an old t., ab anti- 
 quis traditur, Plln. 7, 54. A mere t., 
 fabQla . ntost ancient t.s. fabulae ab 
 ultima antiquitate repctitae, Cic. Kin. 
 I, 20, 6; : there is a fabulous t., anii- 
 quiias fabulose narravit, Plin. 12, 19, 42. 
 
 traditional : 1. ^^ nnyonbus 
 
 tradltus v. HANI) DOWN. 2. Iraiis- 
 laiicius: v. tkansmitted, hkreditarv. 
 
 3. patrius (rare In this sense) : a t. 
 custom, p. mos, Cic. de Or. I, 18, ^n. 
 
 traduce: expr. by Phr.: de ab- 
 senu- detrahendi causa maledice con- 
 tumelioseque dico : cf. Cic. Off. i, n> 
 IJ4: probrum, infamiam alkui Infero, 
 Id. Cael. 18, 42: absenli male loquor, 
 Ter. Phorm. 2, }, 25: aliquem variis 
 mmoribus differo, Tac A. i, 4 : v. to 
 calumniate, defame, asperse, slan- 
 der. 
 
 traducer : 1. obtrectator : Cic. ; 
 Quint. 2. criniTnosus : Cic. Clu. J4, 
 94. 3. calumniator : v. (false) ac- 
 cuser. 
 
 traffic («"&«•) •■ I. Of passengers : 
 
 expr. by commeo, i (to pass to and fro), 
 
 or by concursus : v. concourse, crowd. 
 
 II, nattering, trade : commercium: 
 
 V. TRADE. 
 
 traffic ("■)•• mutate res inter se. 
 
 Sail. J. 18: V. TO TRADE, BARTER. Phr.: 
 
 to t. in our lives, anima statim nostra 
 negoliari, Plln. 29, 2, 5. 
 
 tragedian : 1. tragoedus : Cic. ; 
 Plaut. : Hor. 2. actor tnigicus : Liv. 
 
 24. 24- 
 
 tragedy: 1. tragoedia: to u-rite 
 t.s, t. facere, Cic. Sen. 7, 22 : t. scribere, 
 id. Q. Fr. }, 6: to act t., t. agere. Id. 
 Att. II, I ?. 2. tragicum carmen : 
 Hor. A. P. 220. A writer of t., tragicus, 
 Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4; Cic.:" Quint. The 
 Orestes of t., tragicus 0.. Cic. Pis. 20, 47. 
 tragic: ) 1. tragicus (Lit. and 
 tragical:! fig.): cic: Hor.: Liv. 
 2. cothurnatus : a t. poet, c. vates, 
 Ov. Am. 2, 18, 18. Fig.: 1. tristis: 
 v. melancholy. 2. horribllis : v. 
 
 DREADFUL. 3. miser, misSrabilis: v. 
 PITIFUL. Join : the t. fate (of' the 
 youths), horribiles miserique casus (Ju- 
 Venuni), Cic. de Or. j, ?, 11 : v. awful. 
 T. style (in poet), cothurnus. Virg. Eel. 
 8, 10 : Hor. : Ov. 
 
 tragically : I. Li t. : trfiglcg Cic. 
 
 jl. Fig.: miserabilTter (pitiabfi/) ; 
 
 Cic. : or expr. by adj. : also v. awfully, 
 
 WRETCHEDLY. 
 
 tragicomedy : tragicocomoedia : 
 Plaut. .\ni. prol. 59. 
 trail (subs.) ; vestigia, orum, n. pi. : 
 
 v. TUACK. 
 
 trail (''■) •■ traho : v. drag. 
 
 train (-<«^-)' \.Gen.. 1. ordo: 
 v. ouDKR. 2. sCries : v. succession. 
 II. Anything drawn along after 
 anything in motion : tractus, us, m. : 
 to draiv long t.s ofjlame, longos flam- 
 marum ducere t., Lucr. 2, 207. |||. Of 
 a dress : penioulamentuni, Knn. Ann. 
 II, I } : a robe, with a t., syrma ae, 
 Jnv. 8, 229: .Sen.: a t.-bearer, *puer a 
 s.vrma. |V. Of "n army : impedi- 
 menta, orum, n : v. BAi;r,A<iE: also v. 
 
 ARTILLKRV,SIEGF.,GnNP<>WDi:i[. V. ''/ 
 
 railways: *ordo vohiculonini vaporlbus 
 motoruni. VI. ".' merchandize : c«m- 
 meatus: v. carav.\n. V||. of atten- 
 dants : pompa, turba sequentium ; v. 
 
 RETINUE. 
 
 train (k-)- I- n) '•du-ale : 1. 
 
 inetUuo, ui, Qtum, }: to t. any cne in 
 
 speaking, i. aliqnem ad dicendnm, C5c 
 de Or. 2. J9 : to t. a hound to foUam 
 scent, i. canem vestigia sequi. Sen. Cle- 
 ment. I. 16. 2. fingo, finxi. fictum, } : 
 he tj the horse to go, tingii equum ire 
 viam, Hor. Ep. I, 2. 64 : Ter. 3. 
 cond6ctfacio, feci, factum, j (to t. to- 
 getlter) : tu t. fieasts, c belluas, Cic 
 N. 1). 2, 64, 161 : to t. tttc mind, c, 
 animum, id. Tusc. 5, )i. 87. 4. con- 
 dOceo, 2 (rare) : Hiri. : I'laut. j|. 7b 
 exercise, drill, prepare for a race or 
 struggle : exerOH), 2 : to t. youth, juven- 
 liit«'ni e., Caes. B.G. 6, 21 ? : they t. tiiem- 
 selifs to run, e. sc ad cursuram, PlauL 
 Most. 4, I, 5 : refl.: athletes are t.ing, 
 exercentur alblelae, Cic. Tusc. 2. 2j, 56. 
 Fig.: tut. the memory, exercendue me- 
 moriae cau.sa. Id. de Sen. 11, i8 Trained : 
 exercitatus : Lit., Ca''s.: Fig., Cic: 
 Quint. III. To liabitiiate : tXAtuif&do, 
 feci, factum, ? (with at</.): to (. to aims, 
 a. annis, Cic. Brut. 2, 7 Caes. (with dal.) : 
 Liv. : Tac. . Plin. : they t. horses to stand 
 quite still, equos eodem remanere ves- 
 tigio a., Caes. B. G. 4, 2 : v. accustoii. 
 
 trainer : exercllor : Curculio is hit 
 t., lie leaches him i-unning, buic Cur- 
 culio 'st e., istiim bominem curMiram 
 doa't, Plaut. Trin. 4, }, 9. 
 
 training : 1. discipUna : v. dis- 
 ciPi.iNE, iN.sTRUCTioN. 2. exercltiUo: 
 
 V. EXEKCISE, PRACTISE. 
 
 trait: n6ia: v. feature. 
 
 traitor : 1. perduellis, is, m. 
 
 (against one's country, against the go- 
 vernment) : Cic. : I'laut 2. per- 
 duellionio reus ; majestatis reus : v. 
 TBEASON. 3. parrlcida, ae : t. to tAe 
 state, p. reipubllcae. Sail. Cat 51 : Tac 
 4. proditor : a t. to his country, p. 
 patriae, Cic. Fin. j, 19, 64: v. betrayek, 
 
 traitorous : penidus : v. treach- 
 EKOLs. Or expr. by suIm. or verb: 
 
 v. TRAITOR. BETRAY. 
 
 traitorously : '• treachf.bouslt. 
 trammel (subs.) : vinculum, catena, 
 impediuuntum • v. fetter, hindrance. 
 trammel {v.): vlnculis astringo. im- 
 pfdio: V. fetter, hinder. 
 trample: f I. Lit. • calco. i, 
 
 -on: >obtero, j, procuico, I, 
 
 -upon : ) protero, } : V. tread 
 
 (down). cKLsn. Phr.: a plain t.d 
 continually by horses, campus assiduis 
 pulsaius equis, Ov. Met 6. 219. ||. 
 Fig.; 1, calco, 1 : to t. on love, 
 pedibus c. amorem, id. Am. }, 11, 5. 
 Join: obtero et c, Liv. 54, 2. 2. 
 conculco, i: to t. on wretched Italy, c 
 miseram ltaliam,Cic Att. 8, 11. Join: 
 protero et c, id. Fliicc. 22, .^n. 8. 
 obtgro, irivi, trituni. f.tot.onthe rights 
 of the people, o. jura piipuli, Liv. j, 56: 
 Cic 4. procuico, 1 : tlie senate being 
 t.d upon, pruculcjito seiiatu, lac. Mist. 1, 
 40. 5. opprinio, pressi. pre-v^um, j: 
 
 v. OVERWHELM. 
 
 trance: expr. by Phr.: secessus 
 mentis et aiiimi factus a corporc. <iell. 2, 
 I, 2 : animus a corjiore abstractus, Cic. 
 de I liv. I, 51.66: sevocatus a MKaetat« 
 corporis aninnis, ib. 6} : "vis aninil a 
 corporis sensibus e^uncla, Georg. : he 
 fell into a tranc, ccidit super eum 
 mentis e.xccssus, Vulg. Acts x. 10: 
 in a t. I saw a vision, vldi in excessw 
 mentis vislonem, ib. xi. 5. [N.B. — 
 ecstisis Is Vac\.] 
 
 tranquil : tranqulllu.s, plicldus, plS- 
 ciitus, atquus, leiiis : v. calm. 
 
 tranquillity : I. Physical tran- 
 quilliias, qui.s : v stili-ness, calmne*. 
 II. Mental : 1. tranqulllita.s traii- 
 quillitas animi. Cic Tusc. 4. 5. lo- 2. 
 tranquillus animus: cf. id. de S»'n. 20, 
 74- 3. aequus animus : v. CALMNESS, 
 equanimity. Phr.: to disturb any 
 one's t. of mind, animum loco el certo 
 de statu" demovere, id. Caerin. 1;, 42: 
 animum periurbare (v. dis<>>n»rt): 
 to lose one's t., tumultuans de gradu 
 dejici, Cic. Off. i, 21, 80 ■ de suo ^tatu 
 se mignire, id. -Xtt. 4, 16: a f<instanUa 
 at<iue a nicnte discedere. id. Div. 2, 55, 
 114: /iltasure disturbs the t. of the 
 mind, voluptas mentem e sua sede et 
 Btatn demovet, id. Parad. i, }, 15: to 
 S-Ji
 
 TRANQUILLIZE 
 
 TRANSFORM 
 
 TRANSLATE 
 
 maintain t., aequam meateni servare, 
 Hor. Od. 2, J, 2. 
 
 tranquillize : piaco, i ; paco, i ; 
 sedo, I ; traiiquillo, i : v. to cai.m. 
 
 tranquilly: I. Lit.: piaclde, 
 
 quiete: v. calmly, quietly. ||, Fig.: 
 1, traiiquillo animo, CAc. 2. tran- 
 quille : Cic. : Suet. 3. P'^cide. Join: 
 tranquille p.que, Cic. Tusc. j, ii, 25. 
 4. sedate : Cic. : Plaut. Join: 
 placide s.que, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 58. 5. 
 placate : Cic. 6. sedato animo : Cic. : 
 V. coMrosEDLY, CALMLY. 7. aequo 
 animo: v. eqdanimity. 8. quiete : Cic. 
 Join : q. tranquilleque, Liv. 27, 12. 
 
 transact : 1. translgo, egi, actum, 
 J : to t. business, t. ne-,'ctium, Cic. Fam. 
 If, 14 : after t.ing my business, I go 
 lurme, transacts re convertam me domuai, 
 Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 22. 2. conficio, feci, 
 fectum, J : to t. business, c. negotium, 
 Caes. B. C. i, 29. 3. ago, egi, actum, 
 }: to t. one's own business, suura nego- 
 tium a., Cic. Off. I, 9, 29. 4. gero, 
 gessi, geslum, j (with rem) : v. do, per- 
 form. 
 
 transaction : 1. res, r6i,/. (gen. 
 term, anything done or managed). 2. 
 negotium : v. business. 
 
 transcend: antecello, j; antecedo, 
 J ; stipSro, i ; virico, i : v. excel, sur- 
 
 PA.SS. 
 
 transcendence : praestantia : v. 
 
 EXCELLENCE. 
 
 tra,nscendent : extmius, eminens, 
 cgregius, praestans, praestanlissimus, 
 singfilaris: v. excellent, sdrpassisg. 
 
 transcendental : no equiv. : expr. 
 by summus, sublimis, subtilior : also 
 perh. *qui res sensibus perceptas et com- 
 prehensas transcendit : t. knowledge, 
 *scientia quae non peritide in rebus at- 
 que in rerum cogiioscendarum rationi- 
 bus versatur. 
 
 transcribe : 1. transcribe (trans- 
 scr.), psi, ptum, j (the most exact equiv. 
 of Eng.) : to t. uith one's own hand, sua 
 manu tr., Auct. Her. 4, 4, 6 ^ to t. a ivill, 
 testttinentum in alias tabuias tr., Cic. 
 Clu. 14, 41 : to t. verbatim, ad verbum 
 tr., Pliti. pref. J 22. 2. describe, j 
 (to make a copy of a nork or document') : 
 I have seM (the book) to Rome to be t.d 
 (have copies made by the librarii), Rom- 
 am (librum) misi describendum, Cic. 
 Att. I}, 21, 6 (transcribe would rather 
 refer to a single transcription) : I al- 
 lowed many persons to t. (make copies 
 of) the letter, epistolam nuiltis descri- 
 beiHlam dedi, ib. 8, 9, i. 3. exscribo, 
 i (usu. of copying a part from an 
 author) : in Cic. Verr. 2, 67, 189, appy. 
 = to copy ivith scrupulous exactness. 
 (Rescribo, to re-write^ 4 transfero, 
 5, irr. : to t. a Utter, literas de tabulis 
 in tabuias tr., cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 77, 189. 
 
 transcriber : librarius (o?(e nlmse 
 occupation is to transcribe books) : Cic. 
 Att. ij, 21, 6. Dimin. librariijlus (an 
 inferior m- paltry librarius : id. Att. 4, 4, 
 and Bal. 6, 14;. (]N.B. — The librarii not 
 merely transcribed books, but bound 
 a7id sold them . cf. Cic. Att. 11. cc] 
 Wben the word transcriber is simply a 
 verbal noun, expr. by is qui transcrip- 
 sit, etc. 
 
 transcript: exemplum (eodem ex- 
 emplo tabulae, L. ?s. B. C. 108), exem- 
 plar : V. copy. P h r. : an exact t, 
 tabulae Uteris liturisque omnibus as- 
 simulatis expressisque exscriptae, cf. 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 77, 189. 
 
 transcription: expr. by verb: the 
 multiplication of books by t. uas a sloiv 
 process, * tardius multiplicabantur libri 
 qui a librariis (singuli) describendi 
 essent. 
 
 transfer («■)•• [N.B.— The phrr. 
 'riven may serve as the best guide in re- 
 presenting the different shades of mean- 
 ing of I he Eng.] 1. transfEro, 5, irr, : 
 he t.s the meeting to Paris, concilium 
 Lutetiam Parlsiorum transfert., Caes. 
 B. G. 6, J : to t. the seat of war, helium 
 in... tr., id. B. C. 1,61. Fig.: to t.the 
 blame of an action, culpani in alios tr., 
 Cic. Font. 4, 8: Tac. [N.B.— Trans- 
 ducere would be out of place in the 
 872 
 
 above phrr.] 2. transduce or tra- 
 duce, xi, ctum, J (in present sense, 
 chiefly of local transference, and by 
 an.ll. of change of state) : he should t. 
 the army from Gaul into lAguria,exer- 
 citum ex tiallia in Ligures tr., Liv. 40, 
 25 : to t. (a patrician) to the plebeian 
 order, ad plebem QP. Clodium] tr., Cic. 
 Att. I, 18: to i. centurions from, lower 
 to higher ranfes.centurionesex inferiori- 
 bus ordinibus in superiores tr., Caes. 
 B. G. 6, 40. [N.B.— Not culpam trans- 
 ducere: v. svpr. 1.] 3. transporte, I 
 (in lit. sense) : v. to transport. 4. 
 transpono, pOsui, Hum, j : to t.a stcitue 
 to another situation, statuam in alium 
 locum tr., (Jell. 4, 5 : to t. a victorious 
 army into Italy, exercitum victoiem in 
 Itali'am tr.. Just. 2J, }. 5. transveho, j 
 (of an army conveyed by sea) : Caes. : 
 Suet. [S.B. — Bellum traiisniittere, Liv. 
 2 1 , 20, is to allow the war to pass through 
 a country : in the same connexion, bel- 
 lum avertere in se=:;to t. the brunt of 
 it upon themselves.'] 6. trajicio, jeci, 
 ctum, i: to t. cattle to summer or wrinter 
 pastures, pecora in aestivos, hibernes, 
 saltus tr.. Just. 8, 5 : he t.'d his ring to 
 his right hand, anulum in dextram 
 manuin trajecit, Petr. Sat. 74: to t. 
 blame upon another, (culpam) in alium 
 t., Quint, g, 2, 4. See also to trans- 
 port. 7. transfundo, fudi, sum, j 
 (freely, fully) : to t. all one's praise to 
 another, onines suas laudes ad aliquem 
 tr., Cic. Fam. 9, 14, med. : id. Ph. 2, i7, 
 J7 (amorem t.). Phr. : tot. the blame 
 upon some one else, culpam in aliquem 
 derivare, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20, fn. (cf. 
 supr. 1.). See also foil. art. 
 
 transfer (subs.) .- |. in gen. sense : 
 translatio : Cic. Off. I, 14, 45 (tr. pecuni- 
 arum a justis dominis ad alienos). 
 Mere freq. expr. by verb: v. preced. 
 art. II. Specially, in legal sense: t. 
 of property: mancipium gen. man- 
 cipi (J'ormal contract of sale) : esp. in 
 phrr. mancipio dare, to effect a t. (of the 
 seller) ; and mancipio accipere, to become 
 the owner of property by such process : 
 V. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 transference : expr. by verb : v. to 
 
 TRANSFEIt. 
 
 transfiguration : transfiguratio : 
 Scrr. Eccl. See also transforjiation. 
 
 transfigure : transf iguro, i : Vulg. 
 Matt. xvii. 2 : v. to transform. 
 
 transfix: I. L.''-^ t" pierce 
 
 through: 1. trunsfigo, xi, xum, j: 
 t.'d iiyith a spear, hasla transfixus, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, 50, 97 : Caes. : Liv. 2. tra- 
 jicio, jeci, ctum, i . to t. any one with a 
 javelin, pile aliquem tr . Caes. B. G. 5, 
 44 : Liv. : Ov. 3. fodio, confodio, } : 
 v. TO STA3. 4. perforo, terebro, per- 
 terebro i : v to pierce (I.). 5. con- 
 figo, J (which, however, does not neces- 
 sarily imply as transtigo does, that the 
 weapon goes right through any one) : 
 to t. (pierct) any one vith an arrow, 
 aliquem sagitta c, Cic. Ac. 2, 28 : Virg. 
 6. trausverbgro, 1 (to run through : 
 infreq.): Cic. Fam. 7, i, med. (praeclara 
 bestia venabulo transverberatur) : Virg. 
 II. Fig.: to render motionless ivith 
 astonishment : 1. defigo, xi, xum,j 
 the sight t.'d them with wonder, res ob- 
 jecta "imniobiles eos defixit, Liv. 21, }}, 
 init. : Virg. 2. in pcvss. : expr. by 
 stupeo, 2 (to be mute arid motionless with 
 admiration or ivonder) ; some are t.'d 
 with astonishment at the offering, pars 
 stupet donum. . ., Virg. Aeii. 2, ii : and 
 with abl., Hor. Od. 2, U, }} (carminibus 
 stupens). So stupesco, J (to be struck 
 dumb icith wonder) : Cic. de Or. }, 26, 
 102 : and obstupesco, id. Div. 2, 2}, 50 
 (with abl.). See also to stupefy. 
 
 transform : 1. expr. by nmto, I . 
 e. g. formam niutare, Ov. Met. init. : so 
 figuram m., ib. i, 547 : cf. Hor. Od. I, 2, 
 41 (sive niuiata Juvenem figura ales in 
 terris imitaiis) : and simply muto, ib. 
 2, 20, 10: Ov. M. I, 704, el pass. 2. 
 verto, ti, sum. j ; he is t.'d into a bird, 
 venitur in volucrem. Ov. M. 6, 672: 
 nature t.s food into living bodies, natura 
 cibos in corpora viva v., Lucr. 2, 880 : 
 
 earth t.s itself into ivat^r. terra in aquam 
 se v., Cic. N. D. j, 12. }i: Liv. zi, i, 
 med. So converto, } ib. 3. trans* 
 fornio, I : (.'icylla) t.'d into a rock, la 
 scopulum transformata, Ov. M. 14, 74 ■ 
 Virg. 4. transfigure, i ; to t. a boy 
 into a girl, puerum in muliebrem natu- 
 rara tr.. Suet. Ner. 28 : Stat. : Plin. 
 
 transformation: 1. expr by 
 verb : V. Ov. Met. init. : and comp. 
 preced. art. 2. transfermatio, trans- 
 figuratio : both late and rare. 
 
 transfuse ; |. L 1 1. to pour off .- 
 transfundo, j : v. to pour off ||, 
 Fig.: to cause to pei-vade ■ Pbr. 
 mind t.d throughout the members, m- 
 fusa per artus mens, Virg. Aeii. 6, 726 
 intelligence is t.d through all things, 
 intelligentia per omnia permanat et 
 transit, Cic. Ac. 2, J7, extr. : v. to per- 
 vade. [N.B. — Hardly traiisfuniio in tbis 
 sense, which = to pour off or transfer 
 from one place to another.] 
 
 transfusion: of blood: * sanguinis 
 de alterius venis transfusio. 
 
 transgress : A. r r a n s. : l. 
 expr. by contra (leges) facio, ; : Cic. de 
 Or. J, 19, 70 : / have uninlentionaXly 
 t.'d the law, imprudens contra legem 
 feci ; or, centra ac licebat feci : v. con- 
 trary TO. 2. viOlo, 1 : v. TO violate, 
 BREAK. 3. transceiido, di, sum, j (to 
 overstep) : to i. tlie order of age and 
 nature, ordinem aetatis naturae tr., Liv. 
 40, II, med.: Tac. [N.B. — Not trans- 
 gredior, in this sense.] B. In trans.: 
 delinquo, liqui, lictum, j ; both absol., 
 and with ace. of neut. pron. : to t. through 
 ambition, per ambitionem d.. Sail. Cat. 
 52 : Cic. : Liv. : if in aught I t., si quid 
 deliquere, Cic. Agr. 2, }6, extr. : more 
 fully, praeter aequum aliquid delinquere, 
 PI. Bac. ;, J, i^. 
 
 transgression : I. Jc< of tram- 
 gressing : expr. by contra and verb : 
 that is a t. of duty, contra oflicium est, 
 Cic. Off. I, 6, 19: se by centra leges 
 facere, centra ac licet facere: v. to 
 TRANSGRESS. ||, The deed itself: 
 
 I. delictum : to be guilty of a t, A. 
 in se admittere, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 48 ; d. 
 committere, Caes. B. G. 7, 4. Also the 
 verb delinquo often serves : to be guilty 
 of many t.s, multa d. : v. to transgbess 
 (II). 2. peccatum : v. fault, of- 
 fence. 
 
 transgressor: I. o?ie who has 
 
 committed a breach of law : qui in se 
 delictum (facinus, scelus) admisit; qui 
 contra leges (contra ac licebat) fecit, 
 etc. : V. CRIME, and to transgress. 
 
 II. An habitual offender : (homo) 
 mal6f icus : v. criminal, evil-doer. 
 
 transient : 1. fluxus : Join: 
 
 fluxa atque fragilis [gloria], Sail. Cat. 
 init.; fluxae et mobiles [res], id. Jug. 
 104 ; instabilis et f., Tac. : Cic. 2. 
 caducus (fading) : Cic. Join: fra- 
 giles caducaeque [res humanae], id. Am. 
 27, 102 : incerta, mobilia, caduca [om- 
 nia], id. Ph. 4, 5, fin. : Ov. See also 
 CHANGEABLE. Phr.: a t. emotion, 
 *animi motus qui cito perit atque ex- 
 stinguitur. See also transitory. 
 
 transit: transitus, tis: v. passage. 
 
 transition : i- e. the act of passing 
 from one slnle to another: Phr.: a 
 period of t., "tempus in quo fluunt om- 
 nia atque immutantur ; nihil stabile fix- 
 umve nianet. 
 
 transitive : in Gram., Iransitivus : 
 Prise. 
 
 transitively : * transitive Gr. 1. 1. 
 
 transitoriness : fl"x» atque fra- 
 gilis natura: v. TRANSIENT. 
 
 transitory : v. transient. 
 
 translate: I. ^o render into 
 
 another language : 1, verto or con- 
 verto, ti, sum, i (most usu. expr.) : to t. 
 a book out of' Greek into iMtin, librum 
 e Graeco in Latinum c, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 
 extr. : so, Graeca in Latinum vertere. 
 Quint. 10, 5, 2: Liv.: also, in Latinum 
 sermonem convertere. Col. i, i, med.: 
 (works) t.d from the Greek, de Graecis 
 conversa, Cic. Fin. i, 2, 6. [N.B.— Ver- 
 tere alone may mean simply to para- 
 phrase : Quint. 10, 5, 5, vertere orationea
 
 TB ANSI. A TION 
 
 TRANSPOSITION 
 
 TRA VELLINO 
 
 Latinas.] 2. traiisfSro, }, f>T. (not so 
 in Cic): to t.anyUiiiigfrom the Greek, 
 atiquid ex Graeco tr., yuint. i, 15, 21: 
 to t. literallij, ad verbura Ir., Id. •]. 4. 7 • 
 t.d works of Plato, libri Platonis trans- 
 lati, id. 10. ;, 2 : I'liii. (In CIc. Alt. 
 6, 2, 2, Isium locum totidem verbis a 
 IMcaearcho Iransiuli, the sense Is copied, 
 transferred, not t.d.) 3. reddo, didi, 
 dltUDi, i (esp. of literal rendering) : to 
 t. word for word, verbum pro verbo r., 
 CIc. Opt Gen. 5, 14 (where ibis literal 
 rendering is distinguished from the 
 higher style of translation, nee cunvertl 
 ut interpres, sed «t orator... nun ver- 
 bum pro verbo necesse liabui reddcre, 
 sed genus omnium verborum vimque 
 feruavi): Hor. In same sense, verbum 
 e verbo exprimere, Cic. Ac. 2, 10, ji. 
 4. interpigior, 1 : v. to istkrprkt. 
 [N.B.— Not traduco: Kr.] Fhr. : 
 Cicero t.d the tvorkfor the use 0/ people 
 speaking Latin, Cicero euni librum 
 Latinae consuctudini tradidil. Col. 12, 
 P'*/- II. '" carry up to heaven : 
 
 toUo, } (In coelum) : and in Vulg. trans- 
 fero, J, irr.: Heb. xi. ;. |||. 7b re- 
 move a bi»/top to another see : best word 
 perh. traduco (trans.), }: v. to trass- 
 
 FBR (2). 
 
 translation : I. The act • expr. 
 by verb : (" do a great deal 0/ t., 'niulta 
 ex [Graeco, etc.] in patrium j.ernionein 
 convertere : v. to transi.atb. ||. A 
 translated book, etc. : liber translatus; 
 or, as pi., translata: v. to translatk. 
 P h r. : tliat is a bad t., *sensus scriploris 
 perperam expressus est. 
 
 ^anslator: interpres, etis, c: Cic. 
 Opt. Gen. ;, 14. 
 
 translucent: pellucldus, translu- 
 
 Cidus: V. TKANSl'AEKNT. 
 
 transmarine : transmarlnus : t. 
 fonimvditii^s, t. res. Cic. Verr. 5, 18, 45. 
 Or expr. by trans mare and a verb. 
 
 transmigrate : transmlgro, i : Liv. 
 ;, 5? (but just above occurs the simple 
 verb migro, which is more usual): v. 
 to migratk. 
 
 transmigration: esp- of ■'^ouls, 
 
 * metempsychosis, * niStensomatosis 
 (both Gk. words): expr. by tircimil. 
 (they teach) the t. of souls, * animus ex 
 corpiiribus in corpora migrare. 
 transmission: expr. by verb: v. 
 
 TO TRANSMIT. 
 
 transmit : transmitto, j (/o allow to 
 pass through) : Tac. : Plin. ; the eUxtric 
 cable t.s messages, * fmiis electricus 
 nuntia transmittll. Or by tircuml., 
 tuood readily t.s sounds. * ligna facile 
 sonos transire (penncarc, permanare) 
 patiuntur cf. Lucr. 1, J48, sqq. 
 
 transmutation : iransmutatio : 
 
 Quint. I, 5, ^9 (^transposilion of tvords: 
 rhet. 1. 1.). Usu. better e.\pr. by muto : 
 
 V. TO CHANGE. 
 
 transmute : transmuto, i (rare) : 
 Hor. : Lucr. Usu. better, muto : v. TO 
 
 CHANGK, TRAN.SFORM. 
 
 transparency: I. '/'"' quality: 
 naiura pellucida, etc. : v. transi'AKKNT. 
 II. A transparent picture: *pic- 
 lura pellucida. 
 
 transparent: 1. perlficldus or 
 pellucidus : a t. membrane, nieuibrana 
 p., Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142: a t. spring, 
 fons p., Ov. Fig.: of a mind betraying 
 secTfts, fides perlucidior vilio (more t. 
 than glass), Hor. Oil. 1, 18, 16. (Also, 
 pellucens ■ v. foil, art.) 2. translu- 
 cldus or traluddus • a meinbraiie t. like 
 glass, membrana vitri modo tr., Plin. 
 n, J7. 55- i'iS- of style, tjuint. 8, 
 pref. 5 20 (tr. elocutio). [But in this 
 sense, better, lucidus : v. licii).] 3. 
 perspicuus (_Oiat one atn see through: 
 whereas the two preced. words dctn.te 
 strictly, luminous throughout or trans- 
 mitting light : in Cic. only tig.) . a t. 
 cup, calix p., Mart. 4, 8j: Plin. See 
 
 also CLEAR. 
 
 , to be : 1. perlficeo (pell.). 
 
 xi, 2: he is as t. as a I'unic lant' m, Ita 
 p. qua-si laterna Punic;>, PI. .\ul. !.6. }o- 
 Cic. Tlie part, is used as adj. .- t. cloth- 
 ing, pellucens amictus, Ov. M. 4, JIJ: 
 t. style, p. oratio, Cic. 2. expr. by 
 
 lumen transmittere : v. TO transmit. 
 
 (Hardly transhiceo In this sense: see 
 exx. in Dr. .Smith's I^at. Diet.) 
 
 transpire • I. To escape, at air 
 or yan : exire, emanare: v. T«.> kscaI'K. 
 
 II, To bfcmc knoum: e.\lre, per- 
 crebre'scere, etc.: v. to get abroad. 
 
 III. '''" comt to pass : 5v6nio, fio :' v. 
 
 to HAll'KN. 
 
 transplant: I. Lit-: ^1. 
 
 transtero, j, irr. (the most usu. word) : 
 to t. cabbage, leek, etc., brassicam, por- 
 runi tr.. Col. 11, i, pass. : lb. 1,9: more 
 fully, semina ex terra in terram tr., 
 Varr. 2. transpono, posui. Hum, i : 
 to t. a tree, arborem In allum locum tr., 
 Gell. I J, I, med.: also absol., to t. cab- 
 bages, brassicam tr.. Pall. 3. traduco 
 or transduco, xi, clum, j ; tot. from jxior 
 soil into better, ex macro (solo) in melius 
 r.. Col. 5, 9, ./in. II. Fig.: traiis- 
 
 ero, traduco, J : v. TO transfer. [.N.B. 
 — Traiisplauto appears to be without 
 good authtirity.] 
 
 transplantation : transiatio : 
 
 Varr.: Col. 
 transport ("■) •• I. To can-y m'er : 
 1. traiisporto, I : to t. an army into 
 Macedonia, exercltum in Macedoniam 
 tr., Cic. Pis. 2C, 47 : Liv. 2. trajlcio, 
 jeci, ctum, }: not unfreq. with double 
 ace. (which rarely occurs with trans- 
 porto): to t. cavali-y across a river, 
 equit<>s flumcn tr., Caes. B. C. 1, 5! : to 
 t. legio7is into Sicily, legiones in Siciliam 
 tr., Liv. 3. transveho. xi, ctum, } 
 (in ships, so transporto : whereas tra- 
 jicio may refer to throwing troops across 
 a river by bridges, rafts, etc) .- to t. an 
 army into Britain, exercilum in Britan- 
 iiiam tr.. Suet Caes. 58: Caes. 4. 
 transmitto, misi, ssum, i (usu. rather to 
 allow to pass through than actively to 
 send aa-oss, but also in latter sense): 
 the army is speedily t.'d (to the other side 
 of the river), exereitus celeriter trans- 
 nijttltur, Caes. B. G. -j. 61 : o colutrt of 
 Usipii that had been t.'d into Britain, 
 coliors Usipiorum In Britanniam trans- 
 miss;i, I'ac. Agr. 28. See also To carry. 
 II, To send to a penal settlement : 
 perh. l)est expr. by circuml. : he ivas 
 condemned to be t.'d for life, *damnatus 
 est in vincula externa perpetua. |||, 
 To cany away tvith delight : but usu. 
 in pass., to be t.'d with joy: 1. ex- 
 sulto, i: to be t.'d with joy, laetitia ex., 
 Cic. Clu. 5, 14: the people were quite t.'d, 
 owing to the novelty of liberty, populum 
 exsult;isse insolentia llbertatis.Cic. 2. 
 use pass, of effero, }, irr. : to be t.'d with 
 jo.y,(incrediblli) gaudio e£ferrl,Cic. Kam. 
 10, 12 ; laetitia, cf. id. Deiot. 9, 26 ; vol- 
 uptate. Suet. Cal. 54. 3. expr. by 
 
 gaudeo ; also pass, of obleclo, delecto, 
 with some intensive words: / am t.'d 
 with joy, immortaliter gaudeo, Cic. 
 Q. Fr. J, I, i; mirifice delector, id. Ac. 
 2, 2. 4- 4. stii(ieo, 2 (to be lost m 
 votider, etc.) : Hor. : v. TO transfix 
 (tig.). P b r. : they are quite t.'d by the 
 object, res objecta totos (eos) ad se con- 
 vertit et rapit (it pe)fectly carries them 
 atvay), CIc. Oft." 2, 10, }^ (ki .). See also 
 TO ravish (II.). 
 
 transport (*«''«•)•• \. The act of 
 convei/ing arross : expr. by verb: v. to 
 transport. II. A vessel for convey- 
 ing troops : imvigium vectoiinm : Caes. 
 B. G. ;, 8 : Suet Also sometimes iiavis 
 oneraria (a ship of burden): v. ship. 
 III. Inttn^e dilight : laetitia (maxi- 
 ma. Jicredibilis), gaiidium : v. joy. 
 Phr. : 01 what affectionate embraces 
 and t.s of joy, O qui comphxus et quanta 
 gaudia fuerunt ! Hor. S. i, ;, 4J. See 
 also rapture; aiid for U of iKission, v. 
 rage, fit (11.). 
 
 transportation: "s mt<iem pun- 
 ishmeiii . peril, vincula externa, 
 transpose: p<*rii- 'raii>miito, i: cf. 
 
 TRAN.-MLTATioN. ( IraMspoMO Simply 
 denotes changing the position of any 
 one thing: tlie nl.tion of reciprocity may 
 how-ver be superadded by Inter se.) 
 Or expr. I y mulare sedes [certarum re- 
 rum] inter si'. 
 
 transposition: perh- transma- 
 
 tStlo : or expr. by verb : v. to traK9> 
 
 l^SE. 
 
 transubstantiation: • transub- 
 
 stanilittio . ibeol. (. t. See also tkans- 
 
 FORMATION. 
 
 transverse : 1. transversus 
 
 (acroif): t. tjeams, t. tigna, Caes. B.C. 
 2, 9: Cic. 2. transver.-irlus, esp. of 
 beams, transver.viria tigna, Caes. B. C. 
 2, i;. (Obllqiiug, across in a danting 
 direction • v. oHLiyUH.) 
 
 transversely : transverss : Vltr. : 
 Cels. A l^<^ transversa (n. pi.) : the 
 winds howl t., venti transversa fremuut, 
 VIrg. Aen. 5, 19 ; tran^versum, Front 
 Limit, p. 41, Go**.; ex trdnsverso, PI. 
 I's. 4, I, exir. ; in transversum, Plio. 4, 
 12, 26. 
 
 trap: I. Mt.: esp. for mice: 
 mu.->clpuluiii and -a : v. mousetrap 
 For other animals, tnares. springes, etc., 
 were rather u.sed (pfdica, l^ueua, etc.): 
 V .SNAKE (L). II. Fig.: any means 
 by ukich a person is taken in and de- 
 ceived: laqiieus, ln^Idiae: v.sxahe (11^. 
 
 -door : * forls quae (sub pecfl- 
 
 bvLs) in tabulate ap<-ritur. 
 
 trappings : 1. psp. of horses : 
 phalerae. arum : a horse with showy t., 
 equus pbaleris insigni.s Virg. Aen. s, 
 Jio: Virg. Fig.: u\ anything sliowy : 
 Pers. : wearing suclt. t., pbaleratus : 
 Liv. : Suet. 2. '" more gen. w-nse, 
 ornatus, iis (handsome equipments and 
 decoration) : a horse with royal t., equos 
 regio o. Instnictus, Plin. So <irnamen- 
 tum : elepliants captured with their 
 tcncers and t., elephanti capli cum tur- 
 rlbus ornamenli.sque, Aucl. B. Afr. 86: 
 v. iiKCORATioN, ORNAMENT. 3. insignia, 
 ium (applicable to whatever marks or 
 sets off a pr-rson): regal t., I. ilia neia, 
 Cic. Sext 26, 57 : so, i. pontificillia, Liv. 
 10, •). See also ix)Mr. i-ageantrv. 
 
 trash: I. Things of little or no 
 value : 1. scruta, orum (old, paltry 
 stuff, sold to Vie pwir) : Hor. Ep. i, 7, 
 65 : Petr. 2. quisiiuiliae, arum 
 
 (siveepings, refuse): v. rlbbish. 3. 
 gerrae, arum : sheer t, g. germanae, PI. 
 Poen. I, 1,9. As exclam. : v. nonsensk. 
 4, tricae, arum : cf. Mart 14, l, ^, 
 sunt apiiiae tricaeque et si quid viliut 
 istis. 5. expr. by vilis the poorest 
 t., vilissimae res: v. woRTiiLhJSs. ||. 
 As applied to tvortlUcss u-riting, etc. : 
 perh. iiugae : v. nonsense. 
 
 trashy: vilis, nuiilus pretii: v. 
 
 WORIHI-FSS. 
 
 travail: v. la hoc r. 
 
 travel (.subs.) : 1. expr. by Iter : 
 to be fond of t., •itineiibus f^rt^nis 
 delectari: to' be given to <., "multura In 
 itineribus i>eregrinis esse: v. joprnet. 
 
 2, pSregrinalio (living abroad): 
 to undei-take foreign t., peregrinallonea 
 suscipere, I'lin. }o, I, 2 : Cit 8. 
 expr by peregrinor: v. foil. art. 
 
 travel (<•'' 1. ''^P'"- ''> "^'' ""• 
 
 a verb : v. to JOfRNKV (.2.). 2. P«^r*- 
 grlnor. I (to live or t. abroad) : these 
 studies t. with us, haec stndia nobiscum 
 p., Cic. -Vrch. 7 : the mind t.t (roams) 
 far and wide, animus late longeque p, 
 id. N. n. I, 20, 54. 3. i>b"'. 4. «"■• 
 (to go over, t. through): to t. through 
 couiitritfs on foot, regioiu>s pejibus o., id. 
 Fin. 5, 29, 87. 4. lustro, I (to travrrse, 
 survey): (I'yOiagoras) td through 
 Egypt and visited the I'ersian .Vagi, 
 Aegyptum Uistravit et Persarum adiit 
 Magos, Cic L c: freq. in poet: v. to 
 
 TRAVERSE. 
 
 traveller: 1. imperf. part, of 
 
 Iter fiicio, ? (except in nom. sing.): 
 lodgings for t.s, iter facientlbus dever- 
 soriar'v.To travel For nom. ting. 
 use ret. clau,*e : the t. in fcreiiin parU 
 "qui in jieregrinis IiktIs itinera lacit : v 
 TO JorRNEV. 2. viator («cu '(/Vmer) 
 Cic. F'ai. i;. 54: l^«'"- B. G. 4, 5 (in the 
 latter passage, appy. used in gen. sense). 
 
 3, iiOregriiiator (<ii<; who is much 
 abroad): CW. Fam. 6. 18. .fin.: for 
 which. 111 other cases, may be used im- 
 perf. part, ol peregrinor : L. G. ^ 6)8. 
 
 See also TO TKAVEU 
 
 travelling (subs.^: use uinera, 
 8u
 
 TRAVELLING 
 
 T R E A S U R E-H O C S E 
 
 TREAT 
 
 pgregrinationes ; or expr. by verb: v. 
 preced. artt. 
 
 travelling (od?) •■ v. itinerant. 
 traverse: 1. Sbeo, 4, iir.: v. to 
 
 TRAVEL (3). 2. lustro, I (esp. poet.) : 
 to t. the main in ships, aequoi- navibus 
 I., Virg. Aen. }, }85 : Hor. : Cic. : v. 
 TO TRAVEL (4). Strengthened, per- 
 lustro, I (to t. compltiely) : to t. a 
 country with an armed force, (regionem) 
 arniis p.. Veil. 2, io6 : Liv. 
 travesty ("■) •■ by circuml. : v. 
 
 PARODI. 
 
 tray : ferciilum (of wider meaning 
 than Eng., and including any kind of 
 m^aiis for carrying things): v. Dr. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 treacherous : 1. perf Idus (break- 
 ing through faith obligatitns) : Cic Off. 
 J, 14, extr. (but the word is rare in the 
 best prose) : t. arms {war), p. bella, Ov. 
 F. 4, j8o. Fig.: t. waters, p. freta, 
 Sen. trag. 2. perfidiosus (habitually 
 t.): Cic. Join: fallax, perfidiosus, 
 perfidiosus et insidiosus et fallax, Cic. : 
 perfidiosus et Bubdolus animo, Tac. 
 3. iiifidus, inf iilelis (more freq. in 
 good prose than precedd.): v. unfaith- 
 ful, FAITHLESS. 4. malgfidus (poet.) : 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 2J (statio m. carinis). 
 5. subd5lus (thut hides secret de- 
 signs : sly, cunning) : Sail. : Tac. 6. 
 dOlosus (fuU of dtceits and wilts) : 
 Hor.: Ov. Fig.: t. embers, cinis d.. 
 Hor. Od. 2, I, 7. P h r. : to be on t. 
 (slippery, unsafe) ground, in lubrico 
 versari, Cic. Or. 28, 98 : v. slippkky. 
 
 treacherously: 1. perfwiose: 
 
 Cic. ; Suet. 2. perf ide (rare) • Gell. 
 3. someiinies malitiose (with sly, 
 knavish cunning): cf, Cic. R. Am. }S, 
 rem mandatam malitiosius gerere. 4, 
 expr. by modal abl.: must t., summa 
 (tuipissinift) perfidi4, dulo malo : v. 
 
 TREACHERY, DISHONKSTY. 
 
 treacherousness : il I. Cha- 
 
 treachery : ! racterofa trea- 
 
 cherous person : 1, perfidia: he was 
 characterized by such t., tantae p. fnit. 
 Suet. Ner. 5 : in the midst of the general 
 t. and unfairness of men, in tanta 
 hominum p. et iniquitate, Cic. Fam. i, 
 2, ./(«. 2. infidelitas (/a^tAtess»iess).• 
 Caes. : Cic. II. Treaehernus conduct: 
 1, perfidia ; to be guilty of t., p. 
 adniitiere (in aliquem). Suet. Caes. "l?: 
 what t. you both showed towards Dola- 
 bella, quanta utiiusque vestrum p. in 
 Dolabellam, Cic. Ph. 2, J2, ")<)■ Join: 
 fraus et perfidia, Cic. 2. prodltio 
 
 (act 0/ betraying) : to get intelligence of 
 anything by t., aliquid proditioiie exci- 
 pere, Liv. 4, io : acts of t. in friendship, 
 amicitiarum proditiones, Cic. Ac. 2, 9. 
 Join: perfidia. insidiae, prodltio, Cic. 
 3. fraus, dSlus malus, etc. : v. dis- 
 honesty. 
 
 treacle : *sacchari spuma (R. and A.). 
 
 tread (''•)•■ I. Intrans. : to 
 
 plant the feet upon the g)-ottnd : 1. 
 insisto, stiti, stitum, } : to t. firmly, fir- 
 miter i., Caes. B. G. 4, 26 : timie ins.. 
 Suet. Cal. 26 with dot. : to t. upon (the 
 bodies of) the fallen, }a.ceniihas i., Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 27 : Liv. 2. ingrfidior, ssus, 
 f : to t. upon the ground, solo i., Virg. 
 Aen. 4. 17"): v. to walk. Fig.: tot. 
 in any one's steps, vestigiis alicujus i., 
 Cic. Rep. 6, 24 : Liv. (with ace.). 3. 
 incedo, ssi, ssum, j : to t. on concealed 
 fires, inc. per ignes suppositos cineri 
 doloso, Hor. Od. 2, I, 7 : v. to walk. 
 Ph r. : to t. effeminately, tenero et molli 
 Ingressu suspendere gradum, Sen. N. Q. 
 7, J2 : cf. (;ic Off. I, }6, iji, tarditati- 
 bus uti in iugiessu mollioribus : to t. 
 lightly (on tiptoe), suspenso gradu ire, 
 Ter. Ph. 5. 6, 27. cf. Phaedr. 2,4, 18, 
 levagata (feles) suspenso pede. ||. 
 
 rPrans. : to t. upon, to press by t.ing, 
 trample upon : 1. calco, i : to t. on 
 heaps of the dying, acervos morientum 
 c, Ov. M. 5, 88 : to be trodden upon by 
 any one, perie ac vesttgio alicujus calcari, 
 Tac. H. 4, 81 : to t. the path of death, 
 viam let! c, Hor. Od. 1, 28, 16 : to t. 
 grapes, uvam c. Cato. 2. premo, ssi, 
 ssum, } (with pede, pedibus, etc) : the 
 874 
 
 grape trodden by bare feet, nude pressa 
 uva pede, Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 20 : we t. on the 
 untouched moss, intacto premimus ves- 
 tigia musco, Nemeo. > and without pes 
 or vestigium directly expr. : cf. Virg. 
 Aen. 2, J79, qui anguem pressit hum! 
 nitens (has trodden on a sei-pent). 3. 
 occulco, I (comp. of calco, to t. down : 
 infreq.) : to t. down tlioroughly, bene 
 o., Cato R. R. 49 : Liv. 27, 14 (of ele- 
 phants crushing men in battle). P h r. : 
 to t. clay and soften it, *cretam (terram 
 cretaceam) calcando subigere: cf. to 
 KNRAD. Ill, Of the male bird: calco, 
 I (very rare use): Col. 8, 5,fn.: usu. 
 better, Ineo, 4, irr.: ib. c. 2, fin. (the 
 sense of calco in former passage is not 
 quite certain). 
 
 tread (subs.) .• ingressus, gressus, 
 gradus, vestigium, pes: v. step, foot- 
 step. To tremble at the t. (of persons 
 talking over), ad ingressus tremere, 
 Plin. 2, 94, 96 : ivith impartial t., aequo 
 pede, Hor. Od. i, 4, ij. Also expr. by 
 verb: v. to thead. 
 
 treadle : perh. • pedale, is, 71. 
 
 treason: 1. expr. by majestas 
 (the supreme greatness or dignity of the 
 state) : to be guilty of the a-ime of high 
 t. [lit. of impaiiing tlie majesty of the 
 state], majestatem miiiuere, laedere, Cic. 
 Iiiv. 2, 17: hence, charge or crime of 
 high t., majestatis crimen, t. e. laesae s. 
 minutae [immiuutae] majestatis cri- 
 men, Cic Verr. 4, 41, 88 : </t€ law con- 
 cerning t; lex majestatis, Cic. Clu. J5, 
 97 (lex Julia majestatis, Ulp. Wg. 48, 4, 
 10) : to be brought in guilty of t., majes- 
 tatis condemnari, ib. : trial for t., laesae 
 majestatis quaestio, Papin. Dig. 48, 4, 8. 
 2, perduellio (hostile conduct to- 
 wards the state: such offences being 
 more usually dealt with under the lex 
 majestatis) : trial for t, perduellionis 
 Judicium, Cic. C. Rab. j, lo: to accuse 
 of t., actionem perduellionis alicui in- 
 tendere, id. Mil. 14, j6 : to charge with 
 t, perduellionem alicui judicare, Liv. 
 26, }. [N.B.— Perduellio denotes the 
 nature of the illegal act more explicitly 
 than majestas, which might indicate a 
 lighter shade of guilt : cf. Ulp. Dig. 48, 
 4, II. from which it appears that per- 
 duellio was always a capital charge, 
 majestas not necessarily so.] 3. pro- 
 dltio (act of betrayal) : v, tricachery. 
 4. ihetor. expr. : patriae paiTicidi- 
 um: Cic. Ph. 2, 7, 17. Phr.: to be 
 guilty of L, Contra rempublicam facere, 
 Sail. Cat. 50. 
 
 treasonable : i- e. having the nature 
 and guilt of treason : expr. by majestas, 
 perduellio to be guilty of t. practices, 
 * majestatem [!'. R.] minuere ; quae 
 minuendac majestatis sunt in se admit- 
 tere; perduellionis (majestatis) crimine 
 se obstringere : to entertain t. dtsigns, 
 contra rempublicam sentire, Sail. Cat. 
 26 : cf preced. art..^n. 
 
 treasonably : expr. by circuml. : v. 
 preced. art. 
 
 treasure (subs.): |. store of 
 
 vjealth, etc. : 1. thesaurus (anything 
 stored up, a hoard, treasure): to bury 
 a t. (to hide it), th. obruere, Cic. Sen. 
 7, 21 : to dig up (Jind) a t., th. 
 effodeie. PI. Trin. j, j, 54. See also 
 stoke-housk, treasuky. 2. gaza 
 
 (royal treasure, esp. of eastern kings : 
 said to be a Persian word) : gold and 
 royal t., auruni g.que regia, Cic. Man. 
 2 J, 66: Suet.: Virg. Rarely pi., gazae, 
 arum: Lucr. : Hor. 3. 6pes, um,/. : 
 V. RICHF.S. II. An abundant supply 
 of anything: cijpia : v. supply, .stoke. 
 III. Fig.: something very precious : 
 amores, deliciae: cf. Cic. Div. i, j6, 79 
 (amores ac deliciae tuae Roscius) : v. 
 
 DELIGHT, DARLING. 
 
 treasure ("•) ■• I. To collect .• coi- 
 ligo, coacervo: v. to collect, acccbiu- 
 LATB. II. To store up against the 
 future : recondo, didi, ditura, j : v. to 
 SToiiE UP. (Thesaurizo, 1 late.) 
 
 -house : thesaui us : v. stoiie- 
 
 HOusK. Oft. fig. : that universal t., 
 memoiy, th. rerum omnium, memoria, 
 Cic. Or. I, 5, 18. 
 
 treasurer : as public officer : 1. 
 aerarii (aerario) praefectus: Plin. j, 4 
 2. 2. under eastern kings, custos 
 regiae gazae: Nep. Dat. 5. (The- 
 saurensis, thesaurarius : late, and to be 
 avoided.) 
 
 treasurership : praefectura aerarii : 
 Plin. t-p. 5, 15, 5. 
 
 treasury: 1. aeiarium (esp. the 
 natUmal t. of the Roman people): to 
 pay into the t., pecuniam in ae. referre, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 27 ; also, deferre, Liv. 5, 25 : 
 to draw money from the t., pecuniam 
 ex ae. promere, ib. : see also trbasureb. 
 2. fiscus (originally, a tmg or 
 wicker-basket for holding money, esp. 
 the money of the state : under the em- 
 pire the imperial chest went by this 
 name, as distinguished from that of tlie 
 senate, aerarium: see Long, ad Cic. 
 Verr. Act. i, 8) : the money which the 
 senate has given me from the t. I will 
 keep, and transfer from tite t. [national 
 chesf} into my own priiate chest, quos 
 [numos] mihi senatus decrevit, et ex 
 aerario dedit, ego habebo, et in cistam 
 transferam de/sco, Cic. Verr. ;, 8?, 197: 
 to denote the imperial t, the pi. fisci 
 was often used, Suet. Aug. loi. [N.B. 
 — At a later period the fiscus is again 
 identical with aerarium.] 3. the- 
 saurus (treasure house) : Liv. J9, 50 
 (th. publicus, sub terra, saxo quadrato 
 septus). 
 
 treat (".) •■ \. To deal with or use 
 in (I certain manner: 1, habeo, 2: 
 to t. uith particular respect, praecipuo 
 honore h., Caes. B. G. 5, 54: to t. uith 
 consideration and handsomely, accurate 
 et liberaliter h.. Sail Jug. loj : to t. any 
 one with contempt, aliquem contemptui 
 h.. Suet. Aug. 9?. 2. tracto, i : 1 
 will not t. (you) as consul, non tractabo 
 ut consulem, Cic. Ph. 2, 5, 10: to t. 
 handsomely, liberaliter tr., id. Verr. 
 Act. I, 8, 2}: to t. dutifully, honour- 
 ably, with outrage, etc., pie, honorifice, 
 injuriose, etc., tr. ; Cic: Hor. 3. ac- 
 cipio, cepi, ceptum, } (esp. with ref. to 
 a person who is put at another's disposal 
 to punish or to spare) : to t. any one 
 gently and mercifully, aliquem leniter 
 clementerque a., Cic Verr. 4, 40, 86: 
 when I have been shamefully t.'d, indig- 
 nis quum egomet sim acceptus modis, 
 Ter. Ad. 2, i, 12. 4. iitor, usus, J 
 (to behave towards in daily intercourse : 
 with abl.) : not to t. her as his mother, 
 ut ilia matre ne uteretur, Qc. Clu. 6, 
 16; V. to associate. 5. expr. by 
 
 afficio, feci, ctum, { (to affect or visit 
 tvith something : with ace. and abl.) : 
 to t. illustrious men with insult, viros 
 clarissimos contumelia af, Lentulus in 
 Cic. Fam. 12, 15 : so, to t. with injury, 
 injuria af. (but honore afficere is, to be- 
 stow an honour upon, and is quite dif- 
 ferent from honorifice tractare, to t. 
 with respect). Phr.: to t. with insuU, 
 contunieliam alicui facere, imponere 
 (v. insult) : to t.with injustice, injuriam 
 alicui facere, imponere, inferre, etc. (v. 
 INJURY, injustice): to t. any one with 
 contempt (and nwckery), ludibrio ali- 
 quem habere, PI. Cas. }, 5, 26 : to t. 
 with special indulgence or kindness, 
 alicui indulgere praecipue, Caes. B. G. i, 
 40 : so, to t. with the greatest confidence, 
 alicui maxime confidere, ib. ||. Medi- 
 cally to t. a patient or a complaint : 
 euro, I (to cure): to t. patients mildly, 
 aegrotantes leniter c, Cic. Off. i, 24, 8j : 
 dels. So also mgdeor, 2 (with dot.) may 
 serve: v. to heal. Often not to be 
 expr. by any single word: some t. this 
 complaint in one way, oOiers in another, 
 *hoc morbo aegrotanti alius aliud niedi- 
 camentum dat; alius aliud medicinae 
 genus adhibet: v. medicine. |||. To 
 discuss : 1, tracto, 1 : to t. a subject 
 carefully, quaestionem diligenter t., Cic. 
 Rep. 2, 4 J : / shall t. of the vnnds with 
 greater nicety, ventos scrupulosius trac- 
 tabo, Plin. 2, 46, 4;. Rarely folL b,v de 
 and abl. (to t. of) : Suet. Aug. J5, fin. 
 Comp. peririicto, 1 (to t. thoroughly, 
 study carefully) : Cic. : Plin. min. 2. 
 dispiito, dissgro, foil, by de and a&2>: T«
 
 T B E A T 
 
 TREMENDOUS 
 
 TRIAL 
 
 TO DISCUSS. 3. absolve, vl, lutum. } 
 (to finish off and ditpose nf a snojed) : 
 I vxill hrifjly t. of the conspiracy of 
 CaWine, (leCatlllnaeconjuratioiiepaucis 
 absolvam, Sail. Cat. 4. 4. to deriDtf 
 the matter discussed in a book, wben 
 the subject is not a personal one : use 
 scribi (conscribl) : three books whicli t. 
 of his own past life, tres llbri scripti de 
 ipslus vita acla,Cic. Br. 29, ii2: so,lit>er 
 conscrlptus de..., ib. J5, i{2: and in 
 speaking of a work presumed to be well 
 known, esse the dialogue of I'lato which 
 tJ of the soul, Platoiiis liber qui est de 
 aninio, id. Tusc. 1 , 1 1, 24. I' h r. : to 6e 
 t.ing of a ceitnin subjrct, aliqiiara rem 
 in manlbus habere, ib. 5, •;, 18 : to han 
 to t. of a difficult subject. In re difficili 
 versari, id. l^eg. ?. 15, init. |V. ^ 
 entertain (sumptuoufh/) : Invito, 1 : to 
 iNvrTE. To t. oneself, invito, I : with 
 pron. reft.: v. to inucuje. V. ^^ 
 carry on negotiations : ago, } : v. TO 
 
 NEGOTIATE, NEGOTIATION. 
 
 treat (»«'>•'>.) •■ •' b r. : we have had a 
 great t ! *magnopere delectati sumus ; 
 quantum voluptatis ex . , . accepimus .' 
 
 V. TO DBI.IGHT, ENJOV. 
 
 treatise : 1. lib<'r, nbellus (Kr.). 
 
 2. * dissertatio, disputiitio (both 
 
 strictly denoting verbal discussion, but 
 
 used freely by modem Latiiiists to 
 
 denote wn'rten compositions). 
 
 treatmentj 1. tractatio, and in 
 abl. siiig. tractatus, lis (in most senses of 
 P2ng.). t. {taming and managemeid) of 
 brutes, beluarum tractatio, Cic. Off. 2, 5, 
 I'; : lYJ t. {bad usage), mala t.. Quint. 7, 
 4, 10 : t. of questiims, t. quaestionura. 
 Id. 4, 5, 6: the greatest part of oratory 
 lies in the t. of the just and good, maxi- 
 ma pars orationis in tractatu aequi boni- 
 que consistlt, id. 12, 1, 8: to judge of a 
 person's opinion by his entire t. {of tite 
 subject), toto tractatu sententiam alicu- 
 JU8 judicare, Plin. 14, 4, 5, } 4;. 2. ^^il- 
 ratio : to have recourse to a dangerous t. 
 (or cure), p«riculosam c. adhibere, Cic. 
 Off. 1, 24, 8} (in same sense, periculosa 
 medicina, Pliaedr. i, 8, 9): v. manage- 
 ment. 3. ^'ery oft. expr. by verb: 
 T. TO TitEAT (througt)out). 4. expr. 
 kind t., severe t, merciful t., insulting 
 t., et'., by single word : benignitas, In- 
 dulgentia, inclemeniia, etc. : v. kind- 
 ness, etc. 
 
 treaty: I. ff vace-. L foe- 
 
 dus, eris, n. : to condudt; a t. with any 
 one, f. cum aliquo facere, Cic. Sen. 6, l6 : 
 also f. ferire, Cic Rab. Post. j,6; f. icere 
 (less freq.). Id. Pis. 12, 28 [the perf. pass. 
 tenses of ico are common ; thus foediis 
 ictum est rather than f. percussum est]; 
 f. pangere, cf. Li v. 27, jo (in<lucias p.): 
 to break a t., f. negligere. viulare, rum- 
 pere, Cic. Bal. 5, ij ; contra f. facere, ib. 
 4, 10. Join: pacem foedusque [facerej, 
 Cic. Sen. 6 16 ; amicitiani et foedus 
 [petere], Sail. Jug. 104; [aliquem sibi] 
 societate et loedere adjungere, Caes. B. G. 
 6, 2. 2. '• ff pecu:e : pax : cf. Sail. 
 Jug. }i, l>ella atque paces {t.s of peace): 
 V. rEACR. II, XegociatUm : Phr. : 
 to be in t. for the purchase of anything, 
 *de emenda aliqua re agere : v. to nego- 
 tiate. Ill, T. of marriage: perh. 
 conditio: v. marriage, match. 
 
 treble (.idj. and subs.): three times 
 as much : 1. triplu.< : the third por- 
 tion the t. of the fnst, terua (pars) 
 priniae tripla, Cic. Tim. 7 : to be con- 
 demned to pay t., ' tripli damnarl (cf. 
 DOUBLE). 2. triplex, Icis r t. (or 
 
 triple) form {of Cerberus), t, forma, Ov. 
 Met. 9, 185: (. (or triple) b ass. aes t., 
 Hor. At^ut. used as subs. ; Hor. S. 2, ?, 
 HI- 3. tergf minus; also trigeminus 
 (only poet.): t. hicul {of a monster): t. 
 caput, Tib. ?, 4, 88 : Vifg. : Ov. 
 
 treble (ad;, and subs.): aciita (vox): 
 actitus sonns : cf. Cic. de Or. 1 , ,9, 2; i, ab 
 acutissinio sono Uisque ad gravi^sjinum. 
 
 treble ("•)•• tripUco. I: (idl. : Macr. 
 (Or by rircuml. : to t. a numlier, iiume- 
 rura triplutn facere: see adj.) 
 
 trebly : sometimes, ter : (. blest, ter 
 felix, Ov. Met. 8, 5 1 : Virg. : cf. Hor. Od. 
 2, 14, ■], ter amplus Geryon. Sometimes 
 
 triplfciter (triplici ralione) : Auct. Her. 
 4, 42, 54 (= tn Uiree different ways). 
 
 tree {subs.) : arbor. Oris, /. .- t» plant 
 t.s in rows, a. In onlinem serere, Varr. 
 R. R. I, 7 : to set t.s {in trenches), a. de- 
 ponere. Col. 5, 9, med.: In graft tJt, 
 a. inserere, ib. c. w. at. tliat bears well, 
 a. fructuosa, fertills, ib. c. 10: a. laeta, 
 ib. c. 9. Dimin., arbuscula (a small or 
 young t.) : lb.: with dtp. gen., arbus- 
 cula fici (a young figt.). ib. c. 11. /le- 
 longing to a t. or trees, arhoreus : tlie 
 folia//' of t.s, arboreae frondes, Ov. M. 
 
 1, 6}2 : to grow large like a t., arbo- 
 rescere, Plhi. 19, 4, 22 : planted with t.s, 
 arbustus {adj.) : e. g. arbustus ager. Col. 
 J, I J {al. arbustivus) : but the neut. ar- 
 bustum denotes nol a plantation of t.s In 
 gen. sense, but one used for a vineyard ; 
 the vines being trained over the trees : 
 (arboretum, v. rare, and to be avoided). 
 For special trees, see the several names. 
 
 tree (o^j-) • 1. arborarlus {having 
 to do with trees') : a t. pruning-knife, 
 falx a., Cato R R. 10 : cf. picus arbo- 
 rarlus {the irijodpecker), Plin. }0, 16, 5}. 
 2. arbdreus (of or belonging to 
 trees) : v. tree (fin). 3. growing to 
 the size of at., * arWirescens : cf. tree, 
 (fin.). 
 
 trefoil: trirOUum: Plin.: Linn. 
 
 trellis : v. lattice. 
 
 tremble : 1. trgmo, ui, j : to t. 
 and tumpcie, t, et exalbescere, Cic. Ac. 
 
 2, 15, 48: J t. and shudder all over, 
 totus tremo horreoque, Ter. Eun. i. 2, 
 4: poet, often with ace. of closer de- 
 finition : to t. in every limb, t. artus, 
 Virg. G. J, 84. With direct ace. : to t. 
 at the dictator's axes, dictatoris secures 
 t, Liv. 22, 27 : Ov. : Virg. Inceptive, 
 tremisco, j (to begin to t.) : Virg. : Ov. 
 Comps. : (1) contrgmo, } (strengthened 
 from simple verb : rare) : Lucr. Oftener, 
 contremlsco, tremui, j : to {begin to) t. 
 in every limb, omnibus artubus c, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 26, 121 : Virg. With direct 
 ace, to t. at danger, periculum c. Hor. 
 Od. 2, 12, 8. (2) intrfimo, j : (same 
 constrr.) : Cels. : virg. Also intremlsco, 
 } : Plin. 2. vacillo, i (to rock to and 
 
 fro): the whole earth t.s {rocks) under 
 foot, sub pedibus terra v., Lucr. 5, i2j;: 
 t.ing {unsteady) characters, vaclllaiites 
 lltemlae, Cic. Fam. 16, 1;. 3. expr. 
 by mdveo, tremefacio (to cause to t.): 
 lie caused earth, sea, and heaven to t., 
 terram, mare, sidera movit, Ov. M. I, 
 180 (so, the earth ^d, terra mota est): he 
 madeall Ohimpus t. with his nod, totum 
 nutu tremefccit Olympum, Virg. Aen. 
 10, 11;. (Horreo, tn shudder [i\. v.]: 
 trepidare, to be agitated; esp. with 
 fear.) 
 
 trembling (subs.) : tr?mor • Cic : 
 Virg.: (iv. 
 
 trembling (adj.): 1. tremens, 
 
 ntis : V. TO TREMBLE. Strengthened, 
 trgmSbundus (all trembling, t. greatly) : 
 Lucr. 1,96: the word is rare in prik^e: 
 in .\uct. Her. j, 14, 25, it loses its inten- 
 sive signification, leniler 1. vt)ccm. 2. 
 tremulus {given to tremble, tremulous : 
 whereas tremens, tremebundus = trem- 
 bling at the time) .- t. flame, t. flamraa, 
 poet, in Cic. N. IX 2. 41, no: t. hands 
 witli years and fear, I. manus aimisque 
 metuque, Ov. >L 10, 414. Virg. 3. 
 trgmgfactus (caused to tremble): Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 228 (tr. pectora). 4. vacillans 
 (swaying, rocking): v. it) tremble 
 (2). (IrepiduB = agitated; esp. with 
 fear.) 
 
 tremendous : 1. Immanis, e (enor- 
 mous, moyistrous): aseifxnt oft. size, 
 i. corpore serpens, Lucr. 5, J4 : Caes. Cic. 
 So ingens: v. immense, hige. 2. fcir- 
 mfdolosus {of a naturr Ui inspire dread ; 
 frightful): v. kokmihaele. 3. horrl- 
 bilis, terribllis : v, horrible, terrible. 
 (Tremendus = worthy to be trembled at : 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 199.) QN.B — Sometimes 
 a superlative adj will best servf : a t. 
 u-ar, bellum maximum, gravissimum, 
 atrocissin)um, fomiidolo>i~simum : or 
 some intensive word may give the re- 
 quisite force : so t. a tempest, adeo foeda 
 tempestas, ut .... Liv. 21, 58, init. : so 
 
 t. was the fury of the conflict, tdntiM 
 fuit ardor armurum, ib. 22, j.j 
 
 tremendously: horrendum(poet.): 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 188 : or by rircuml.. b'.rren- 
 dum (terribilem) In modum (K and A.). 
 [Immaniter, Amm.] Sometimes = it^y 
 much indeed • lam t. glad, immorialiter 
 gaudc-o, Cic Q. Fr. }. i, } : in this senoe, 
 immane quantum (Gr. davtLtunov 6<ro>'), 
 Hor. Od. I, 27, 6, vino et luoemls MkIiu 
 acinaces immane quantum discrepal 
 (jars tremendiiusly with . . .). See also 
 
 IMMESSELT. 
 
 tremendoosness : oft- (ingens) 
 
 magiiitiido will s'-rve (v. great.s'ej>s) : 
 at other time>, atrcxritas : cf. Sail. Cat iz. 
 
 tremulous : trc-mulus : v. trkm- 
 
 BLING. 
 
 trench {*ubt.): 1. fogs* (eap. a 
 military fosse) : to surround irallt with 
 a rampart and t., cirruindap- moeili« 
 vallo atque fo8.sa, SalL Jug ]{ 80, 
 vallo fos^aque munin-, Gae». H. G. 2, j: 
 to carry a t. (to a cntam Irnylh), f. 
 ducere, ib. 7, 22: to sink a t., t. de- 
 primere, HlrU B. G. 8, 9. Also in non- 
 milit. sense : to be digging a t., f. fodere, 
 Liv. J, 26: Hor. Inmin., fossula: Cato. 
 Col. 2. sulcus (a long t. ; esp. m 
 farming : for drawing off water or for 
 planting in): a u-ater t.. >•. aqiianus. 
 Pall. 10, } : to plant rose-trees in Ij a 
 foot deep, rosam per 8. prdales disponrre. 
 Col. Arb. }o: cf. ib. j, ij, pats. 3. 
 scrobs. Obis, /. (for planting^ : t'> set 
 the vine in t.s, vitem scrobibus depotiere, 
 CoL 1. c. 
 
 trench (".) •■ pastino, i (to clear toil 
 and dig it deep) : Col. }, n : or «-xpr. by 
 circtiml., sulcos ducere ( in agro): v.^u^. 
 
 trench upon : perb. praestimo, f . 
 V. to encroach. 
 
 trencher : I. ^ wooden platter : 
 catillus ligneus: Val. Max.: v. i-laTF. 
 (UI.). II, 'me who digs trenches: 
 
 pastinator, Col. j, i}. Or use fossor, ib. 
 
 trepan (»i'frs.) ■• modiolus (a surgical 
 instrumaitfor removing small portions 
 of bone) : Cela. 8, j. (F'or the same pur- 
 pose was used the terebni, when the 
 portion of bone to be removed was larger, 
 but the description of the modiolus 
 answers better to the modem inttru- 
 nient.) (Serra versaiilis. K. and A.) 
 
 trepan ('•)• I. -^urgiral: "cal- 
 
 variam modloloperforare (Kr.). Orperh. 
 
 calvariae particulam modiolo excidere. 
 
 II. To impose upon : drcumvioio 
 
 4 : V. TO CIRC tmvent. cheat. 
 
 trepidation : trepidatio (agitation, 
 excitement, alarm): Cic: Liv. Kxpr 
 to be in a state of t, by trepidare 
 Cic: Sail. 
 
 trespass (i-)- I. ^o «"''' **' 
 grounds of another illegally: Phr. 
 In alienum tundum [sine domini per- 
 missu] ingredi: cf. Gai. IMg. 41, I, j. 
 II. Fig.; to be guilty of an offence . 
 dSlinquo, pecco : v. to ofkenh. |||. 
 To trespass upon : i. e. to intrude on the 
 province of another : praesiimo, } : v 
 
 TO ENCROACH. 
 
 trespass {subs.) : \. im land . 
 expr. by verb: v. to tkespass, ||. 
 Wrong-doing : delictum, pecc&tum: v 
 
 OFFENCE. 
 
 trespasser: see verb. 
 
 tress : "' hair, crinis, is, m. ; and 
 collect, coma, comae: v. hair. 
 
 tressel : *mcnsae fulrimeDtum, ful- 
 mentiuii v. sui"i-<>RT. 
 
 trial: I- ''"'" "*■' "f trying or 
 
 making erperimetit : 1. expfrientia: 
 to make t of certain things, exjierlenUi 
 quaedam tentarv, Varr. K. It. i, 18: Cic. : 
 V. Exi-EKIMENT. 2. periclltatio : Cic 
 N. 1). 2. 64 (aliquid usu el p. percipere). 
 3. expr. to make t. of, by exper- 
 irl, periclitiirl : v. to TBV. ||. Act 
 
 of putting to pr>xf: 1. periculum : 
 to make t. oj any one's fidtlity, fidei 
 alirujus p. facere. Cic, Verr. Act. i. 12, 
 init. 2. tentatio: t. of jMTseveranct, 
 t. perseverantiae. Liv. 4. 42. 3. prObi- 
 tio (prixf, 'xamination): t. of athletes, 
 p. athletarum, Cic. Off. I, 40. 144: see 
 also examination. (Or expr. by verb : 
 V. TO TBV.) Ill, Attempt : coniitiu, 
 875
 
 TRIANGLE 
 
 TRIFLE 
 
 TRIP 
 
 fis; and pi. cooata, orum : v. attkmpt. 
 IV. In religious sense, suffering or 
 affliction sent to tiy men ; usu. pi. : 
 * tribulationes, afBictiones; Scrr. Keel. 
 (Calaniitates virtiitis spectandae causa 
 divinitus allatae, K. and A.) V. •'"" 
 dicial : 1. judicium : to bring a per- 
 son to t., aliquem in j. adducere, Cic. Opt. 
 Gen. Or. 7, 20 : to bring a case to t., 
 causam in J. deducere, ib. § 19 : this is 
 the first t. for assassination that has 
 taken place for a long time, longo inter- 
 valloj. inter sicarios hoc primum com- 
 mittltur, id. R. Am. 5, init. .- this t. is 
 concerning . .,,, in hac causa j. fit do 
 . . . . , id. Caec. i, 4 : to undergo t. before 
 the people, populi j. subire, Ascon. in 
 Cic. Scaur. 2. quaestio (course of 
 
 If gal investigation ; esp. in a case affect- 
 ing the caput of a citizen ; a public 
 trial): to move for the t. of any one, q. 
 in aliquem ferre, Cic. de Or. i, Jj, 227 : to 
 have the conducting of the t.sfor assassi- 
 nation, quaestionem inter siearios exer- 
 cere, id Fin. 2, 16 ; to hold a t. [judicial 
 ini'estigation] concerning the death of a 
 man, de viri morte q. habere, id. Clu. 
 6;, init. (So e.\pr. by quaero : e. g. 
 quaerere de rebus repetundis, id. Verr. 
 Act. I, 9, extr. : a trial ivas held, quae- 
 sltum est.) F h r. : to put any one on 
 his t., interrogare aliquem ; also pos- 
 tulare, aceusare ; v. to accuse. 
 
 triangle : 1. triangfllum : Cic. 
 
 X. D. 2, 49, 12? : Quint. 2. trigonum: 
 Van-.: Cell.: Col. 
 
 triangular: 1. trianguUis; Cic: 
 Gels. 2. trlquetrus : an island of t. 
 shape, insula natura t, Caes. B. 6. 5, 
 U; Col. 3. triKonus: Manil. 
 
 tribe : tribus, tis,/. .- to assemble the 
 people in t.s u-ithout classification, po- 
 pulum fuse in tribus convocare, Cic. Leg. 
 J, 19, 44 : to expel a man from his t., 
 aliquem tribu movere, id. de Or. 2, 67, 
 272. In speaking of particular tribes, 
 the noun is often understood .- e. g. 
 Q. Verres of the Romilian t., Q Verres 
 Romilia {sc. tribu), Cic. Verr. Act. i, 8, 
 2} : so, praerogativa {sc. tribus) the t. 
 which voted first : Cic. Div. i, 45, extr. : 
 Liv. By t.s, tributira: Cic. Fl. 7, 15: 
 also = in the comitia of the t.s, Liv. 
 i< 55 (quod tributim plebs jussisset). 
 Relating to the t.s, tribuarius : Cic. Plane. 
 15. J6. 
 
 tribulation : * tribulationes : Scrr. 
 
 Eccl. : V. TROUBLE, CALAMITY. 
 
 tribunal: \. Seat of judgment -. 
 tribunal, alis, n. (a raised platfoim on 
 which the seats of magistrates were 
 placed") : to sit on the t., in t. sedere, 
 Cic. de Or. i, J7, 168 : to carry on pro- 
 ceedings in the t., pro t. agere, id. Fam. 
 i,8. Join: de sella ac tribunali pro- 
 nuntiare, id. Verr. 2, 2, j8, 94. ||, 
 Court: judicium : v. codbt (V^l.). 
 
 tribunate : tribiinatus, lis : with 
 plebis, Cic. de Or. i, 7, 25 : oftener 
 without: id. Am. 12, 41. In the t. of 
 Ti. Gracchus, Ti.Graccho tribune plebis : 
 cf. L. G. } 589, 2. 
 
 tribune : I. -An officer so called : 
 esp. a tribune of the commons : tribunus 
 plebis [ I'r. PL], or simply, tribunus, pass. 
 II. A kind of pulpit to speak from : 
 contio : to mount the t., ascendere in c, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 22, fin. : see also pulpit. 
 
 tribunitial : tribunlcius -or tins : 
 Cic. : Caes. 
 
 tributary ((wi;)- 1. vectigaUs,e: 
 a t. state, civitas v , Cic. Verr. j, J4, 79 : 
 the Suevi made these t., hos Suevi vec- 
 tigales sibi feeerunt, Caes. B. G. 4, ; : 
 .Sail. Join : vectigalis, stipendiarius, 
 Liy. 2. stipendiarius (strictly, paying 
 tribute in a sum of money ; whereas 
 vcctigales may denote those who pay in 
 hind) : Caes. : Liv. 3. trlbutarius 
 
 (late): Plin.: Just. 
 
 tributary (subs.) : of a river : expr. 
 by influo. ; : the Allia is a t. of the 
 Tiber, Allia Tiberim influit : v. to flow 
 nrro. 
 
 tribute: I. hit, revenue paid by 
 subject slates : 1. tribiitum : to impose 
 a i, t. imponere, Caes. B. C. }, jz : to 
 exact oppressive t, intolerabilia U exigere, 
 
 ai6 
 
 Cic. Fam. j, 7 : to pay t., t. conferre, 
 pendere : v. to pay. 2. vectigal, 
 
 alis, n. : v. revenue, TAX. ||. Fig.: 
 P b r. : to pay the t. of praise to any one, 
 *aliquem laudibus debitis efferre, omare, 
 celebrare : the last t. (of affection), i. e. 
 funeral honours, suprema, orum : Tac. : 
 V. funekal. 
 
 tribute-money; *pecunia quae pro 
 tributo pendi solet. (Numisma cen=us : 
 Vulg. Matt. xxii. 19.) 
 
 trice ; Phr.- in at., momento tem- 
 poris : v. moment. 
 
 trick (subs.) : 1, dolus (craft, 
 
 stratagem : opp. to straightforward ho- 
 nest conduct) : to contrive a t., d. neciere, 
 Liv. 27, 28 : Virg. ■ v. stratagem. 2. 
 stropha (rare) : canting t.s, verbosae s., 
 Phaedr. i, 14, 4 : Plin. min. : Sen. 3, 
 ars, artinciiini : v. artifice. 4. prae- 
 stigiae, arum (lit., sleight of hand, jug- 
 glery : hence, any dexterous, cunning 
 imposition) : your t.s are exposed ! 
 patent pr., PI.: Cap. J, J, 9: Cic. 
 Join: doles, fallacias, praestigias : 
 poet. Cic. N. D. J, 29. 5. furtum 
 
 (lit. theft ; hence, any sly artifice) : 
 Hot. Od. i, 10, 8 (jncoso condere f.) : 
 t.s of war (stratagems), furta balli, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 51;. 
 
 trick ("■) .■ dolis capere ; ludificari, 
 illudere, etc. ; v. to deceive, cheat. 
 
 trickery : dolus, praestigiae, etc. : v. 
 
 TRICK. 
 
 tlickish ; 7 dolosus, subdSlus, prae- 
 
 tricksv : 5 stigiosus [of a person, 
 
 praestigiator, /. -trix: PI.], vet^rator: 
 
 v. deceitful, KNAVISH, CRAFTY. 
 
 trickle ; 1. stillo, i (to fall m 
 diops) : the honey <.s from the oak, de 
 viridi s. ilice mella, Ov. M. i. 112 : to t. 
 gently, lente s., Varr. R. R. i. 41. Comp. 
 deslillo, I (to t. down): Virg. G. j, 281 : 
 Aus. 2. liquor, no per/., 3 (to melt 
 and flow away : flow as things melting 
 do : chiefly poet.) : drops of black blood 
 t. from the tree, huic (arbori) atro li- 
 quuntur sanguine guttae, Virg. Aen. j, 
 28 : t.ing honey, liquentia mella, ib. i. 
 4?2. 3, mane, i (to ooie out, t. or 
 stream down ; as sneat does) : trarm 
 drops t. from the tree, tepidae m. ex 
 arbore guttae, Ov. M. 10, 500 : sweat t.s 
 (streams) from the whole body, manat 
 ex toto corpore sudor, Enn. : Cic. 
 
 trickling (adj,) : stillans, stilL^tivus 
 [Plin. Val.j, stillaticius [Plin.], manans: 
 v. TO trickle;. 
 
 trickster : 1. praestigiator, /. 
 
 -trix : PI. Poen. 5, j, 6 : Sen. 2. ^e- 
 terator (an inveterate t.): Ter. Andr. 
 2, 6, 26 ■ Cic. 3. homo dolosus, sub- 
 dolus, etc. : v. deceitful, knavish. 
 
 tricorporal : tricorpur, oris Virg. 
 
 trident : tridens, ntis, m. ; Virg. : Ov. 
 Called also, cuspis triplex ; and simply, 
 cuspis, Ov. 
 
 tried (part, adj.): 1. spectatus 
 (lit., ii-ell looked at; that has stood the 
 test of being lonked at) : oft. with another 
 word : e. g. [homines] s. et probati, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 27, 124: fides s. et diu cogiiita, 
 id. Div. Verr. 4. 2. probatus : Cic. (v. 
 supr.) : Col. 3. expertus : a man of 
 t. valour in the cause of the plebs, vir 
 pro causa plebis ex. virtutis, Liv. j, 44. 
 Join : [virtus] praesens, experta. atque 
 perspecta, Cic. Bal. 6, 16. (Comp. and 
 sup. of spectatus and probatus are of 
 frequent occurrence : expertus appears 
 to he used only m positive.) 4. cog- 
 nitus (known ; learnt by experience) : 
 cf supr. (1). 
 
 triennial : 1. triennis, e : a word 
 occurring only in n. pi. triennia sc. sacra, 
 a t. festival, Ov. M. 9, 642. 2. trie- 
 tericus (Gr. TpteTrjpiKo^) : Ov. : Virg. 
 -V. pi. trieterica = triennia : Ov. R. Am. 
 59?. .4 ^jjeriod, triennium: Cic. : Caes. 
 
 triennially : tertio quoque anno. 
 
 trifle (subs.) : 1. res parva, levis, 
 niinuta; parvi (exigui) momenti ; v. 
 trifling. 2. only pi. niigae, arum 
 (nonsense) : thinking over some t. [verses], 
 nescio quid nieditans nugarum, Hor. S. 
 I, 9, 2: V. nonsense. 3. apinae, 
 
 tricae, arum (something without value .- 
 V. rare) : Mart. 14, i, 7 (sunt apinae 
 
 tricsieque et si quid villus istis). Phr.: 
 to regard anything at a mere t., aliquid 
 in levi habere, Tac. H. 2, 21 : to waste 
 tlie day over senseless t.s, diem frigidia 
 [frigidissimis] rebus absumere, Plin. Ep. 
 1,9, J. (The use of minutiae, arum, in 
 this sense, is without classical authority.) 
 
 trifle (v.) : liido, si, sum, j : v. to 
 fool (1.). So illudo, I (to t. away) : cf. 
 ib. (ll.). (Nugari denotes something 
 more than trifling : — to talk nonsense.) 
 Sometimes opp. to being in earnest : 
 Jocor, I : v. TO joke. Sometimes used 
 of poetical composition : liido : Her. Od. 
 4. 9. 9- 
 
 trifler : nugator (term of contempt ; 
 silly person) : Cic. Sen. 9, 27 : Gell. In 
 same sense (homo) nugax : Coel. in Cic. 
 Fam. 8, 15. Phr.: to be a mere t., 
 multa agendo nihil agere, Phaedr. 2, 5, } 
 (de ardelione) : tempus in rebus mini- 
 mis (minimi momenti) consumere; 
 tempori rebus nugatoriis illudere ; v. to 
 
 TRIFLE. 
 
 trifling (subs.) : ludus, j5cus, inep- 
 tiae, etc. : v. sport, nonsense. 
 
 trifling (adj.) .• 1. levis (inconsi- 
 derable, unimportant) : for a t. reason, 
 1. de causa, Caes. B. G. 7, 4 : money was 
 alnrays a very t. consideration in his 
 eyes, cui pecunia semper fuit levissima, 
 Cic. R. Com. 5, 15. Very t, perlevis : Cic. 
 
 2. parvus, esiguus.miniitus: the most 
 t. causes, minima momenta, Cic. Ph. 5, 
 10, init. ; t. things have great influence, 
 parvae res magnum in utramque partem 
 momentum habent, Caes. B. C. j, 70 : 
 some very t. legacies, exiguissima legata, 
 Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 7 : t. artu:les, i. e. of t. 
 value, res minutae, Cic. Clu. 64, 180 v. 
 SMALL. 3. parvi s. levis momenti : 
 parvo s. levi momento : v. importancb 
 (I.). 4. expr. so t. by tantulus : such 
 t. business, tantulamm rerum occupa- 
 tiones, Caes. B. G. 4, 22 : so t. a delay, 
 tantulum morae, Cic. Verr. 2, J8, 9}. See 
 also INSIGNIFICANT (throughout). 
 
 trigger: ligula(sclopeti): R. andA. 
 
 trigonometrical : * trigonSmetri- 
 
 CUS : t. t. 
 
 trigonometry : trlgonometria ; trl- 
 gonometrice ; -a, orum : cf. geometry. 
 
 trilateral : trflaterus : Front. 
 
 trill (''•) •■ vibrisso, i : Fest. (vi- 
 biissare est vocem in cantando cri.spare, 
 Fest. s. v.). Or by circuml., *arguta 
 treniulaque voce cantare. 
 
 trim (adj.) : nitidus : V. NEAT. 
 
 trim ("■).■ I. To prune, dress t 
 
 1. putO, 1 : V. TO PRUNE. 2. 
 
 tondeo, 2: V. TOCLtP. \\, To straighten, 
 arrange ; esp. the hair : come, ? : v. to 
 DRESS (III.). Also, to trim sails; i.e. 
 to adjust them, tightening the ropes : 
 * vela conten tis funlbus pandere. |||, 
 I n t r a n s. and Fig.: to adapt one's 
 policy to the course of events : perh, 
 *ad incertos fortunae casus spectare ; ad 
 fortunae eventum se integrum servare 5 
 neutri parti satis fidum se praebere. 
 
 trimmer : perh. qui temporibus ser« 
 vit : see also to trim (111.). 
 
 trinity : tnnltas : Tert. : Scrr. EccL 
 
 trinket : 1. mundus (collect, subs. , 
 including all a uoman's toilet articles) : 
 Liv. 34, 7 : Dig. 2. crepundia, orum 
 (used of amulets, rings, etc.) : cfic. Br. 
 91, init.: PI. 3. mundltia, mun- 
 ditiae : v. flnery. See also ornament. 
 
 trio : I" music, * cantus temarius 
 (cantus musicorum t., Kr.) : three per- 
 sons together, perh. trinio, onis, to..* 
 Isid. 
 
 trip (subs.) : \, A shoii excursion : 
 *iter animi causa susceptum. ||. A 
 stumble: expr. bypedem offendere: v, 
 TO stumble. 
 
 trip (v.): I. Trans.: to trip 
 up : supplanto, i : Cle. Off. j, 10, 42. 
 (K. and A. give pedes alicui subducere, 
 with ref. to Curt. 9, 7, ad fin. ; but the 
 sense there ispulling a man's feet from, 
 under him, with the hands.) ||, In- 
 tra n s. : to stumble .- pedem offendo, } : 
 V. TO .stumble. Fig.: to make a mistake : 
 erro, labor, etc. : v. mistake. Phr.: to 
 catch any one ting, imprudentem (neco- 
 pinum) aliquem in delicto (in errorei
 
 TEIPAKTITE 
 
 T BOX T ER 
 
 T R O U B I. B 
 
 opprlmere : v. to ovsbtake, subprisk. 
 III. Alao intrans., to move lightly 
 along ; levlter (suspenso jwde) ire (v. 
 TiPTOK) : see alsio to dasck. 
 
 tripartite : trlpartitug (tripert.) : 
 t. divUion, divislo t.. Ci".. Off. ?. 2, 9. 
 
 tripe : 1. 6miium {bullock's t.) : 
 Hon: Hin. 2. omentum: Juv. i}, 
 118 (o. porci). (Fendicae, minced guts : 
 Am.) 
 
 -seller; omasi venditor. 
 
 triple (adj-) •■ triplex, Icis: t. (three- 
 fold) metkixi, t. ratio, Cic. Tusc. I, 10, 
 10 : t. btass (<• layer of), t. aes, Hor. : 
 
 T. TREBLE. 
 
 triple ("•) •■ V. TO TREBLE. 
 
 triplet: *tenii versus qui similiter 
 (liimili ratlone) deslnunt. 
 
 tripod: 1. trlpus, Sdis, m. : Cic: 
 VIrg. : Hor. 2 cortTna (lit. kettle, 
 caldron) : used of the t. of Apollo. Virg. 
 Aen. }, gi : Ov. 
 
 tripos : trlpus qui dicitur ; hoc est, 
 certaminis Academici prueniium. 
 
 triptotes : triptota, orum : Diom. 
 
 trireme : triremis, is,/. .• Cic. : Caes. : 
 more fully, navis triremis (tr. being 
 strictly adj.) .• Caes. B. C. 2, 6. 
 
 trisyllabic : trisyllabus ; Varr. : 
 Capit. 
 
 trisyllable : verbum trisyllabum : 
 Varr. 
 
 tritasonist : * trltagonista, qui di- 
 dtur : hoc est, qui tertias partes sus- 
 tinet. 
 
 trite : 1. trltus (lit. rubbed, well- 
 worn): a t. proverb, tritum sernione 
 proverbium, Cic. Off. i, lo, ??. Join: 
 usitatum et tritum; [in Graeco ser- 
 mone] tritum atque celebratum, Cic. 
 Strengthened, eontritus (worn out) : t. 
 precepts, [omnium communia et] c. prae- 
 cepta, Cic. de Or. i, ji, 1J7. Join: 
 contritum et conteniptum, id. 2. per- 
 vul^tus (very generally current) : ef. 
 Cic. Fam. s, 16, wl init., consolatio per- 
 vulgata quidem ilia maxime . . . . : Gell. 
 3. pxpr. by pbr. quod sermone 
 (omnium) percrebruit: Cic. Verr. Act. i, 
 init. (in rather diff. sense, of a prevalent 
 impression). 
 
 triumph, (subs.) : \. in Roman 
 
 sense: 1. triumphus: to gain a t., 
 t. deportare, Cic. Off. I, 22, 78 : to cele- 
 brate a t. for (a victory over), t. a(?ere 
 
 de id. Verr. 5, jg, lOo : also, t. ex 
 
 (e.g. Etruria : with ref. to the country in 
 which, the t. is gained) agere, Li v. 6, 7 ; 
 and with depend, gen., Pharsalicae pug- 
 nae t., Cic Ph. 14, 8, 2} : to decree a t. to 
 any one, t. alicui decemere, id. Fin. 4, 9, 
 22 : to lead in t., per t. aliquein ducere, 
 id. Verr. 5, 26, 67 ; and of things, not 
 persons, in triumpho ducere, Plin. (e. g. 
 elephantos). A man who has enjoyed a t., 
 vir triumphalis : Veil. 2, 6 : and absol. 
 (without vir) ; Suet.: Quint. 2. ovatio 
 (lesser triumph) : Gell. [.V.B. — The noun 
 ovatio is rare : the verb ovare usu. serv- 
 ing : V. OVATION.] ||, !■" 1 g. : victory ; 
 exultation : victoria : gaudium, laetitia, 
 exsultatio: v. victory, enhltatiox. 
 Sometimes trOpaeum may be the best 
 word : let us sing the fresh t.s of 
 Augustus, nova cantemus Augusti tr., 
 Hor. Od. 2, 9, 10 : Ov. 
 
 triumph (i') •■ I. in Roman sense : 
 triumpho, i : to t.for a victory over . . ., 
 de ... tr., Cic. Ph. ii, 8, i8: less froq. 
 ex ..., Curt. Also phr. triumphum 
 agere : v. subs. ||. To exult over : 
 perh. triumpho : cf. Caes. in Cic. Att. 9, 
 16. A., triuinpharc gaudio. Phr.: if 
 not to escape tortures, yet to t. over them, 
 •si non effngere cruciatus saltem eos 
 perferendo exsuperare. 
 
 triumphal : triumphalis, e : Cic. : 
 Plin. : t. decorations, t. ornamenta. Suet. 
 Aug. }8 (absol. triumphalia, Tac). 
 
 triumphant : victor ; /. -trix : v. 
 
 VICTORIOIS. 
 
 triumvir : triumvir, vlri ; pi. trium- 
 viri or tresviri ■ \ al. Max. ;, 4, 7 (but 
 the sing, is rare) : t.s for regulatinri the 
 state, tresviri reipublicae coustitiiendae, 
 Liv. Epit. 120: also simply, trcs-viri or 
 triumviri. Suet. Aug. 96. In speaking 
 of the various boanis of three which 
 
 existed at Rome, the form tritunviri 
 seems to be always used. 
 
 triumvirate : triumvlratus, us ; Cic. 
 [X.B. — Not to be used ol the so-called 
 first tr.: which was simply [loteutia, 
 not a potestas at all : v. poweb.J 
 
 triune: trinunus: Scrr. liccl. (Kr.) : 
 triiiiis Geurg.). 
 
 trivial : 'Svis : v. TRiKLrNc. 
 
 triviality : nugae, Ineptiae : v. 
 
 TRIFLE, NONSENSE. 
 
 trivet: "ferrum tripes in quo cor- 
 tinac (ahena) super foco coUocentur. 
 trochaic : 1. trOchaU-us : Quint. 
 
 2. trfjcliaeides. Is (having a t. cha- 
 racter) : Mart. Cap. (t. numerus). 
 
 trochee : trSchaeus (rpoxaios) : Cic. : 
 Quint. 
 
 Trojan : I. As tubs. : Tr5s,Tr6i8, 
 m. ; Troas. adis,/. ; aUo, I'riyiinus, Tro- 
 jugCna (m. and /.); and pt. AenSadae, 
 Kardanidae, arum. Virg. ||. AUj. : 
 Trojanus, Iliicus (rarely, Ilius), Troius: 
 Virg. : Trolcus: Ov. 
 
 troop (subs.) : 1. turma (of ca- 
 valry) : Varr. L. L. 5, 16, 90: Caes.: 
 poet, in more gen. sense, Jlian t.s. lliae 
 t., Hor. Car. Saec. }8. 2. caterva 
 (prob. a Celtic word ; and used esp. of 
 (lallic and other barbarian forces) : cf. 
 Isid. 9, }, 46, proprie Macedonum pha- 
 lanx, Gallorura caterva dicitur: Lycian 
 ts, Lyciae c, Hor. 3. milnus, us (in 
 widest sense) : v. band, force. 4. 
 grex.gregis, m. ; v. company (I I.), gang. 
 5, globus (any close body of men) : 
 Llv. : Tac. For troops (as collect, subs.), 
 V. sub V. 
 
 troop (''•) •■ usu. with prep., sls to t. 
 together, confluere: v. to flock to- 
 gether. 
 
 trooper: fiques, itis: v. horseman. 
 
 troops : 1, copiae, arum : v. 
 
 FORCE.S. 2. milTtes; and sometimes 
 sing, miles (used collect.) : v. soldier. 
 
 3. exercitus, us : to raise t., ex. 
 comparare, parare : v. army. 
 
 trope: tropus: Quint. 9, i, 4. See 
 also figure (III.), figcrative. 
 
 trophy: trOpaeum (in Gk. sense): 
 to set up a t., t. ponere, Cic Pis. }8, 92 : 
 t. statuere, id. Inv. 2, 2}, 69: constituere, 
 cf. Virg. Aen. 11,7: in modum tropae- 
 orum arma [aggeri, trunco, etc.] im- 
 ponere, Tac. A. 2, 18. For looser sense, 
 perh. better monumentum (v. jikmo- 
 rial) : though tropaeum is also used in 
 pretty much this sense: v. Smith's 
 Lat. Diet. s. V. 
 
 tropic : clrciilus tropicus : Hygin. : 
 and for brevity, tropicus (ahsol.) : Kr. 
 The t. of Cancer, circulus (orbis) solsti- 
 tialis, Varr. L. L. 9, 18, 24: of Capri- 
 corn, c. brumalis, ib. : Gell. 
 
 tropical : I. ^>f the tropics : tro- 
 picus : V. tropic. T. region, quae Inter 
 circulum solstitialem brumabnique re- 
 giones sunt. ||. Figurative : tro- 
 
 picus : Gell. See also figurative. 
 
 trot ("•) •■ exact word not known : 
 the phr. tolutim ire appears rather to 
 denote a kirul of gentle canter (non 
 vulgaris in cursu gradus sed mollis al- 
 terrio crurttm explicatu glomeratio, unde 
 eqiies tolutim capcre incursum traditur 
 arte, Plin. 8, 42, 67) : certainly not an 
 ordinary trot. Phr.: to t. gently along, 
 lento cursu ire s. vehi: cf. foil. art. 
 
 trot (subs.): perh. ambuliitura: cf 
 Vcg. \'et. 4, 6 : where a particular kind 
 of pace is described thus : ;imbulatiirae 
 quadani gratia (by their delightful pace) 
 discennmtur a ceteris (equis) : gradus 
 e.st minutus et creber .... (evidently, 
 a sh(/rl, quick, easy trot). Oft. incessus, 
 gradus, or cursus will be sufficiently 
 precise : at a gentle t., lento cursu, In- 
 ces.su. gradu. etc. 
 
 troth : fides : v. faith. 
 
 trotter: three ditterent kinds of 
 trotting horses are naniiHl by Veg. : 
 colatorii, appy. very g'-ntle trottrs ; 
 those named in preced. art. : and loto- 
 iiarii, Veg. 4.6: ihey differed from each 
 other in degree and kind of pace ; from 
 which the last would .seem to have 
 l>ecn what we should call hard trHters. 
 [N.B. — Notequus tolutariu«; which waa 
 
 rather a lady's horte : equiu (cahallos) 
 succussor, or succuaDator, Is a horse t/uU 
 jolts the rider."] 
 
 trouble (»"*'».): |. Labour. paim; 
 with an acce£6ory notion of txzation or 
 annoyance: 1. molestia (in which the 
 notion of annoyance preduuunates) : to 
 give any <me t (or annoyance), alicui 
 m. exhibere, Cic AtU 2, i. i; afferre, 
 Ter. Hec. i, 2, 9 : at far at can be done 
 I v-ithout t. on your part, quod sine m. 
 tua hat, Cic. Fam. i j, 2} : v. anmjvasck. 
 
 2. ufigotium (in which the idea of 
 having tomHhuig lo du, or difficulty, 
 piedominaie.-,) : (to be able to J// any- 
 thing) without I., niillo n., Cic. Att. 10. 
 16: to give anyone t., alicui n. f.ic<.-isi>ere. 
 Id. Fam. j, 10, init. : I have a good deal 
 of t. in managing the boy, (puero) re- 
 gendo ha^N■<J negotii .sails, Ii Alt. 6. i, i. 
 
 3. 0|)era (In which the idea of 
 exertion, pains, effort predoni!ii.ite») : 
 
 I lo take a good deal of t. ab/jut anything, 
 ' inulium operae in aliqua re |»oiier.-, Cic. 
 Att. 12, 20 so, tantiim btudium taUKjue 
 inultam operam ponere In aiiqua re. id. 
 Fin. I, init. : it it uxirtk the t., pretium 
 operae est. Id. Agr. 2, 27, 7 j : m. pre- 
 tium operae facere, to get a (sufficient) 
 reward for one's t., I.iv. pref. init. 
 Join: multiim operae labori.'-qiie [cun- 
 sumere in aliqua rej. Id. de Or. i. 55, 
 init.: V. PAINS. 4. liibor: v. laboik, 
 EFFORT. I» h r. : to take a great deal of 
 t. with anything, elaborare in aliqua re 
 (v. PAINS) : with much t. (or difficulty), 
 aegre, vix : v. dikkicllty (1., fin.) : 1/ 
 it is not too much t., nisi niulestum 
 est, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 20. See aLso lo kxeki 
 (II.), K.\EBTloN. II, Reverse. calamity, 
 distress: 1, inconmiOdum (</i«i<iKin- 
 tage, blow, disaster) .- l-t us grieve over 
 our oivn t. and loss [by ilie d' ath of « 
 friend], ncstro i. detrimenttique dul^ 
 amus, Cic Br. 1, 4 fo many Ij in life, 
 tot i. In vita. id. X. D. i, 9, fin. 2. 
 labor (esp. in pi.) : in my (time of) t., 
 in meo I., Cic Fam. m, 8 : the lait tj cf 
 Troy, Trojae supremus 1., Virg. Aen. 2, 
 1 1 : having gmie through many varied 
 t.s, perfunctus multis variisque 1., Nep. 
 Han. IJ. 3. ^rumna(tot/ari/i<<u:trej« 
 'omhined)) : death a releatefxnn iJie tj 
 of Ife, mors aerumnarum requies. Salt 
 (Jat.51 . cf. Cic. Fin. 2. J5, 118. lalore* 
 rHerculis] ... trisllssinio verb<j aerum- 
 nas nominaverunt, 4. dOlor: v.i.bibf. 
 
 5. res adversa, and esp. pL res ad- 
 versae: V. ADVERsm. 6. miiluni (gen. 
 term for whatever is bad or calamitous) : 
 no stranger to t., non ignara mali, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 630 : o'erwhelm'd ■■ ilh I., pressa 
 malo (navis), Hor. Od. 1, 14, 10. I" h r. : 
 to entertain confidence in t., aOlictis 
 confidere rebus, Virg. .\en. i. 452 tolx 
 in t. (or difficulty), laborare . to tx in t. 
 from debt, ex aere alieno 1.. Caes. B. C 
 J, 22. III. Commoti'ifi : in tiuA sense 
 u^u^>?. ; niotus. tiimuUus, etc. v. com- 
 MOTION. Sometimes tempora may serve; 
 which is specially used of difficult or 
 trying circumstances : during Uie pre- 
 sent t.s, his reipublicae teuiporibua : cf. 
 Cic. Fl. }, 6. 
 
 trouble ("•) ■■ I. To occation trouble 
 to any one : Ph r. : molestlam alicui exhi- 
 bere, afferre: T. preced. art. (I.). Orexpr. 
 by adj. : I stiouJd be sorry to t. you, iio- 
 llm tlbi molestiis esse : v. tboi'bl>.^iiie. 
 
 II. Wltti pron. refl., to t. otnie'f, 
 i. e. to take t. andpams atx)ut anything .- 
 euro, I (to take care qf, attend to): to 
 t. oneself almit oilier people's butinest. 
 aliena negotla curare. Cic Top. 17. 66: 
 they don't t. thimselvet about anyUtinn 
 eu'ept .... praeter ... nihil cur.'int. ii 
 Fin. 4, 14, 16: don'tt.youTS'lf'. aliud 
 cura : Ter. i'h. 2. I, 5. .Sol to 't. oneseif 
 
 about negllgo. exi, cium. }: cf. 
 
 Cic .N. D. 2, 66, fin., dii m:igna curuit, 
 parva nepligunt : v. TO attknd to; and 
 TO NEGLECT. Pbr.: (I shall be glodi) 
 if i/ou will help him, to far at ynu can 
 without t.ing yourself, fum juveris, 
 quod sine nvlesiia tii.t flat. Cic. Fam. u, 
 2?: In similar use. nisi molestum est: 
 be so go-d as to sta'id up. if u it not 
 ting'you too much, tu autcm, nisi m. 
 877
 
 TROU BLEB 
 
 TRUNK 
 
 TRUTH 
 
 'St, exsurge, Cic. CUi. 60, fin.: or in 
 Mclinivg a kinan'ss, perh. benigne 
 (i titanic yoa kindly ; bat don't t. your- 
 self!) •■ cf. Hor. Ep. I, 7, 16 : / shall not 
 t. Tnyself about it, non ego laborem 
 operamque meam in ea re pooam, con- 
 gnmam ; v. preceil. art. (I., 3). |||. To 
 disturb : disquiet : 1. sollicito. 1 (to 
 disquiet) : to t. the state, statum quietae 
 civitatis s., Li v. 21, 10, fin.: so, s. pacem, 
 id. $4, 16, extr. : oft. of the mind : to t. and 
 distress any one, aliquem s. atque aiigere, 
 CSc. Att. I, 18. 2. turbo, perturbo, i : 
 V. TO DISTURB. 3. vexo, I (a strong 
 term : to treat with violence, as is done 
 in war) : cf. Cic. Cat. i, lo, extr., quuni 
 bello vastabitur Italia, vexabuntur 
 urbes : v. to harass. |V. In pass., 
 to be t.d vith something (esp. a com- 
 plaint) : laboro, i (esp. of maladies) ; 
 to be t.d with gout in the feet, ex pedibus 
 1., Cic. Fam. 9, 2J : so, ex intestinis 1., 
 ib. 7, 26. May often be expr. by special 
 verb or adj. : e. g. to bi t.d with siclc7iess, 
 nauseare, Hor. : Cels. : to be t.d mth 
 fever, febricitare, Cels.: Cic: t.d with 
 dropsy, hydropicus, Hor. : with asthma, 
 asthmaticus, Plin. : mth stone, calcu- 
 tosns, Cels. : etc. : v. dropsy, ff.ver, 
 STONK, etc. Also pass., to be t.d about 
 anything, i. e. to be distressed or grieved : 
 doleo ; dolorem ex aliqua re capio : v. 
 •K) GRIEVE, VEX. Phr. : he was not at 
 ail t.d {concerned) about that, nihil se 
 eare commoveri, Caes. B. G. i, 40. 
 
 troubler : turbator ; /. -trix : Liv. : 
 Tac. Sometimes (as a strong expr.), 
 fax, facis, /. (firebrand) may serve : 
 Cic. : Plin. (Or expr. b.y rel. clause : 
 
 V. TO TROUBLE, 111.) 
 
 troublesome : 1. mSlestus (an- 
 noying) : begone ! don't be t. ! abscede 
 hinc ! ne sis m. ! PI. As. 2, 4, 6j : Cic. 
 Join: operosus ac raolesius [labor], 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 2 J, init. : laboriosus mo- 
 lestusque, id. Lfg j, 8, 19. Permolestus 
 (very t.) : Cic. See also to troubli-; (II.). 
 2. giavis (burdensome) : I should be 
 glad, if it luill not be t. to you, velim, 
 si libi "grave non erit ...,Cic. Fam. 15, 
 74 : / am afraid of being t. to you, 
 vereiir ne tibi g. sim, cf id. Top. i. 4: 
 neither t. nor difficult, non g. nee dil- 
 ticile, id. Inv. 2, 45, init. Hence, to be t. 
 (or burdensome) to any (me, gravare ali- 
 quem, Hor. Ep. 2, I, 264. 3. iucom- 
 modus (inconvenient, disadvantageous) : 
 a t. (disagreeable) voyage, i. iter, Ter. 
 Hec. I, 4, I : PL: v. disadvantageous, 
 lNCoN\ KNIENT. 4. Operosus (invoic- 
 ing much work and pains): Cic: cf. 
 supr.(l). 
 
 troublous : aerumnosus : Cic. Or by 
 circuml., aerumnis s. laboribus planus, 
 
 etc. : v. TROUBLE. 
 
 trough : alveus (any hollmv wo'den 
 vessel): CatoR. R. 8i. Z^iwiin., alveolus 
 (a small t.) : Liv. : Juv. 
 
 trousers : feminalia, ium (coverings 
 enclosing the thigfis, short draivers : 
 they corresponded to the braccae of the 
 Gauls, which however reached to the 
 knees) : Suet. 82. Braccae (bracae) may 
 also be used ; the article of dress being 
 a foreign one. (Feminalia is the word 
 used in Vulg. Ex. xxviii. 42.) 
 
 trout: tructa(Gr. TpuixTT)?): Isid. Or. 
 12, 6, 6 (varii a varietate, quos vulgo 
 tructas vocant) : also.tructus: Plin. Val. 
 Sal,mon t. : *salmo fario, Linn. (prob. 
 the fish called fario, Aus. Mos. Ijo). 
 
 trow: V. THINK. 
 
 trowel : truUa : Pall. I, 15. To lay 
 on with a t. : plaster, truUisso, i : Vitr. 
 
 truant : perh. vagus, errabundus ; v. 
 STRAY, wandering. To play t., * locum 
 deserere ; solita ludi (litterarii) muiiia 
 negligere. 
 
 truce : indutiae, arum (-ciae) : to 
 agree upon a t. for }o days, xxx. dierum 
 i. cum hoste pacisci, Cic. Off. i, 10. jj: 
 also, i. facere, id. Ph. 8, 7, 20 : during t, 
 per i., Liv. jo, J7 : the t. had expired, 
 indutiarum dies exierat, Liv. 4, jo, med. 
 (but we can also say, simply, exeunt 
 indutiae, ace. to Forcell. s. v.) : to break 
 off a t., i. toUere, Liv. io, 4. Phr. : a 
 t. to titat nonsense ! aufer istas nugas ! 
 878 
 
 (subs.) : perh. carrus (gen. 
 adfilor, assentor, i : v. TO 
 
 truck 
 
 term). 
 
 truckle 
 
 FLATTEU. 
 
 trudge : perh. aegre, fesso pede ire. 
 true (adj.) : |, 0pp. to falsehood: 
 1. verus : opp. falsus, Ter. Andr. 5, 
 4, 19 : et pass. Less freq. = speaking 
 the truth ; veracious (verax : v. infr.) : 
 a t. prophetess, v. vates, Ov. Her. 16, 
 1 2 J. 2. verux (that speaks the truth): 
 a t. oracle, v. oraculum, Cic. Div. i, 19, 
 i8: Hor.: v. veracious. Phr.: (i.) in 
 asseveration : so t. as I'm alive, ita 
 vivani, ut (with indie), Cic. Att. 5, 15 : 
 for which may be used, ita me dii ament 
 (juvent), Ter. Eun. 4, I, i (like our, 
 so help me God); and, ita sim felix, 
 I'rop. I, 7, J : *ita deos mihi velim pro- 
 pitios! (R. and A.) (ii.) in replies: 
 when it may be expr. by, ita (prorsus) 
 existimo, mihi ita videtur, certe : y. 
 CERTAINLY, YES. True; bui ..., atqui: 
 Cic. Tusc I, 6, II : v. yet. \\. Not 
 spurious : real, genuine : 1. verus : 
 t. and perfex:t friendship, v. et perfecta 
 amicitia, Cic. Am. 6, 22 : cf. id. 25, 95 : 
 v. GENUINE, REAL. 2. siucerus (not 
 adulterated or tampered with) -. opp. 
 simulatus, lucatus, Cic. I. c. 3. ger- 
 manus: v. genuine, thorough. |||. 
 Keeping faith : tidus, fidelis : v. faith- 
 ful. IV. l^xact ; esp. of lines : Phr.: 
 t. to the perpendicular, square, etc. : 
 *quod subtiliter ad perpendiculum (nor- 
 mam, et<-.) respondet: a t. line, *perh. 
 linea Justa: or simply, linea recta: v. 
 straight. 
 
 truffle : tuber, eris, n. : Plin. 19, 2, 
 II, Juv. (T. cibarium, Linn.) 
 
 truly: 1. ^Sre (imth truth; not 
 falsely : also, genuiwlii, reallii) : Cic. : 
 Liv. 2, pr6fecto (assuredly): Cic: 
 Hor. : V. really. 
 
 trumD (subs.) : in cards : t. cards, 
 perh. primi ordinis (primae classis) 
 chartae ; chartae principales, victrices. 
 
 trump ("■)■■ * primi ordinis charts, 
 superare. 
 
 up : i. e. to fabricate : commi- 
 
 V. TO INVENT, FA- 
 
 niscor, confingo 
 bricate. 
 trumpery : 
 
 trashy goods): 
 nilgae, gerrae, ineptiae 
 trumpet (subs.) : 
 
 scriita, orum (cheap, 
 V. TRASH. T. stories, 
 V. nonsense. 
 1. tuba (a 
 
 straight-tubed instrument, used for the 
 Roman infantry) : Cic. : Ov. 2. 
 
 melon., aes, aeris, n. ; to rouse men by 
 the t., aere ciere viros, Virg. Aen. 6, 165. 
 3. buccina (orig. a cow's-horn 
 trumpet, of curved shape) : used to 
 sound the watches, summon the people, 
 etc.: Cic. Mur. 9, 22: Liv. Phr. • 
 signal given by t., classicum : used with 
 canere : the signal tvas given by t., 
 classicum cecinit, Liv. The verb cano 
 is also used without classicum : v. .signal 
 (2, 3). So also is used buccino, i (to 
 blow the buccina, sound the t.) : Varr. : 
 Sen. Controv. See also clarion (lituus), 
 
 HORN. 
 
 trumpet ('"■) ■■ tisu. to t. ah-oad : 
 praedico, celebro, I : v. to proclaim, 
 PUBLISH, celebrate. Glory t.'d abroad 
 by Fame, inclyta fama gloria, Virg. 
 
 trumpeter : 1. tabicen, inis : 
 
 Liv.; Ov. 2. buccinator (cf. TRUMPET, 
 2) : Caes. Esp. fig. : the t. of any one's 
 credit, b. existimationis alicujus, Cic fil. 
 in Cic. Fam. 16, 21. 3. only fig., 
 praedicator; Cic: v. proclaimer. 4. 
 praeco, onis: v. heualv, fin. Phr.: 
 he was his mvn t, suas ipsius laudes 
 celebravit; de se ipse magnifice prae- 
 dicare solebat: v. to proclaim, praise. 
 
 truncheon : perh. sclpio (Jiiark of 
 dignity) : v. staff. 
 
 trundle : volvo, j : v. to boll. 
 
 trunk (subs.) : |. Of a tree: 1. 
 truncus: Cic: Caes. 2. stirps, pis, /. 
 (theanimating andsupporting principal 
 part of a tree; whereas truncus is just 
 the body of the tree apart from, the 
 boughs and leaves : R. and A.) : they 
 (trees) receive nourishment tlirough their 
 t.s, aluntur per s. suas, Cic N. D. 2, J2, 
 81 : Virg. (Stipes, caudex, denote a dry 
 
 stump: v. STOCK, stump.) ||. Oftlu 
 human body : truncus corporis : Cic. R. 
 Com. 10, 28: and without corporis : id.: 
 Virg. III. 0/an etepAont : prbboscis; 
 manus : v. proboscis. |V, A. chest ; 
 area, cista : v. chest. 
 
 trunk (adj.) : PhT.: t. line, perh. 
 via (ferrata) principalis unde ceterae pro- 
 ficiscuntur, initium habent. 
 
 truss : I. far hernia : fascia 
 
 (bandage) : for description, see Cels. 7, 
 27, init. II, Of hay or straw : fascis • 
 v. bundle. 
 
 trust (s"''s.) : \, Confidence : fides, 
 fidScia (assurance), fidentia: v. confi- 
 dence. To put t. in, fidere, confidere : 
 V. to TRUST. II, Something entrusted : 
 1, credituni : to deny a t. on oath, 
 c. abjurare. Sail. Cat. 25 ; to receive any- 
 thing as a t. (or loan), aliquid tanquam 
 c. accipere. Sen. Ben. 2, 21. 2. depo- 
 situm (money deposited with any one for 
 security) : to return fi t., d. reddere, Cic. 
 Off. I, 10, 31 : to deny a t., d. infitiari, 
 Juv. I i, 60 : cf. Ulp. Dig. 16, J , I (through- 
 out). 3. in wider sense, mandatum, 
 oft. pi. (anything entrusted to any one 
 to do) : V. commission, charge. Ill, 
 Credit: fides (lU.). 
 
 trust C"s adj.) : depSsitivus : Cassid. 
 (d. pecuniae). 
 
 trust ("■)•" I. To place confidence 
 in : 1. lido, coiifido, fisus, j (with 
 dat. of perfon, dat. or abl. of thing, in 
 which trust is placed) ; to t. in oneself, 
 sibi f., Hor. Ep. i, 19, 22 : Cic. : (Caesar) 
 t.'d this legion most o/" af J, huic legioni 
 confidubat maxime, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 •■ to 
 t. in the stability of fortune, stabilitate 
 fortunae c, Cic Tusc. 5, 14. The oW. 
 may also be used of a person when there 
 is an attributive : e. g. aiio duce c, Liv. 
 21, 4, med. (see the place): Ov. 2. 
 credo, didi, ditimi, ? (esp. with ref. to 
 words spoken ; wlieieas tiiio refers rather 
 to persons or aci<) : also, credo, when it 
 signifies topul triisl in, denotes less than 
 fido does ; often referring only to one 
 particular act </)■ kind of trust : (cf. Liv. 
 2, 45, consules magis non confidere quam 
 non credere suis militibus, i. e. they did 
 not distrust their fidelity, but they had 
 not thorough confidence in them) : t. not 
 the Iwrse '. equo ne credite ! Virg. Aen. 
 2, 48 : Cic (Concredo always trans. : v. 
 infr.) Phr.: t.in^to, fretus(withaW.): 
 V. belying ON. II, To entrust: credo, 
 concredo; coram itto, commendo : v. to 
 
 CONFIDE. 
 
 trustee: 1. fiduciarius (tutor): 
 Just. Inst. 1, 19 (where the term denotes 
 a fiduciary guardian). 2. deposi- 
 tarius (one icho receives a deposit) : Ulp. 
 Dig. 16, ?, I, i j6- (Or by circuml., qui 
 tutelam fiduciariam exercet, t. for a 
 ward : V. Just. Inst. 1. c.) 
 
 trusteeship ; tatela fiduciaria : 
 Just. inst. 1. c. 
 
 trustful : perh., bene credulus (the 
 adj. alone usu. implying a. fault of cha- 
 racter: V. credulous); qui alteri facile 
 confidit, V. TO trust. 
 
 trustworthy: 1. locupies, etis 
 
 (strictly, that can fulfil his engagements; 
 hence of witnesses, etc., worthy of cre- 
 dence) : most t. authorities, locupletissimi 
 auctores.Cic Div. 2, 58, 119: so, testis 1., 
 id. Off. J, 2, 10. 2. tidus (that may be 
 depended on) : a t. interpreter, f. inter- 
 pres, Hor. A. P. ijj: t. physicians, f. 
 medici, id. Ep. i, 8, 9: v. faithful. 
 3. gravis (weighty, of worth : opp. 
 levis, without weight, not t.) : esp. in 
 phr. gravis auctor, i. e. a voucher uhose 
 statement carries tteight, Liv. i, 16; lor 
 which also, auctor certus, bonus, lucu- 
 lentus, Cic. 4. certus : v, sure, cer- 
 tain. 
 
 trusty : fidus : t. ears, f. aures, Ov. M. 
 10, }2 : t. sword, f. ensis, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 524. See also faithful, trustworthy. 
 
 truth: 1, Veritas (in abstr. sense : 
 as a principle or quality) : t. begets 
 hatred, v. odium parit, Ter. Andr. I, i, 
 41 : opp. fraus, Cic. Off. l, Jo, 109 : in OjC- 
 cordance with t., ex veritate, id. R. Com. 
 10, 29 : ad veritatem (as a standard to 
 which things may be referred), id. Am
 
 TRUTH, IN 
 
 T r M U L T 
 
 TONIC 
 
 25, 91 : such a lover oj Iratli, adeo dili- 
 gens veriutis, Nep. Kpaiii. }: to depart 
 from the t. {ever so little), a v. deflt-ciere, 
 Clc. R. Com. 16, 46: egredi veriuttni, 
 Plin. Kp. 7. a, 10 (of historical narra- 
 tive, uhuh overstates things) : plam, 
 homehj t., nisticd v.. Marl. 10, •72, 11. 
 
 2. neut. of veriis (coticrcU-, that 
 which is true ; esp. in pi) : if you, wish 
 to know the t., m vt-ruui [not vcritatem] 
 scire vis, Cic. Alt. i2, 41 to dislinyuish 
 t. and falsehood, vera ac falsa dijiidicare, 
 id. : / may speak the t. {without reserre), 
 licet verum dicere, id. Fani. 9, 24 ; also, 
 quod verum est (dicere), id. Alt. }, 9: 
 and if more than one/act be referred to, 
 or if the practice o/spealdng the truth be 
 meant, vera dicere or loqui : PI. Cap. 5. 
 2, "J. [N.B— Never vcritatem dicere or 
 loqui: which would have no meaniiiK] 
 
 3. somi'times, fides {that uhich inai/ 
 be believed) .- not to aivi at producing a 
 charming narrative but t., non speciem 
 exposillonis sed f. quaerere, Quint. 10, i, 
 }2 jmre words ^cithout any t., verba 
 sine f. rerum, Liv. jj, 54, inU. 
 
 truth, in : <w^"- P^'>'- ■ vero, enimvgro : 
 
 V. IM>KKI>, SUKKLY. 
 
 truthful : 1. vgrax .- Hernd/>tus 
 more t. than Knnins, H. veracior Ennio, 
 Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116: t. Bacchus, v. Libi-r, 
 Hor. S. I, 4, 89 : PI. 2. vCrus (rare in 
 this sense) : the t. lips of Apollo, v. os 
 Apollinis, Ov. M. 10, 209: Ten 3. 
 
 fldus: v. TRL'STWORTHV. 
 
 truthfully : veraclter : PI. iQ Prise. 
 See also trui.v. 
 
 truthfulness : animus veritatls stu- 
 diosus : vMitaiis sludhim : v. truth. 
 If the ref. be to t. in yiving evidence {on 
 oat/i), religio : v. scruphlousness. 
 
 try : !• '^° p"^ '" '''^ ^'^*'' '"^''^^ 
 
 trial of: 1. expferior, perlus, 4 : to t. 
 the strength of a jioison, venenl vim ex., 
 Cic. Coel. 24, 58: to t. gold, aurum ex., 
 cf. Plin. JJ, J, 19, $ 59, experimentum 
 auri (see also ivjfr. 7) : foil, by subj. 
 clause : / should like to t. ichat daring 
 you can display, ex. libet quantum 
 audeatis . . ., Liv. 2;, J8, med. : to t. all 
 m,eans {turn every stone), omnia ex., 
 Ter. Andr. 2, l, 11. 2. periclitor, i (to 
 put to the test by actual use : whereas 
 experior may refer to a mere trial) : 
 to t. one's powers, vires ingenii p., Cic. de 
 Or. I, 54, 157 : also, like preced., foil, by 
 subj. clause : quid nostri auderent peri- 
 clitabatur, Caes. B.G. 2, 8. 3. tento, i 
 (to test) : to t. a peisun's skiU, scicntiam 
 alicujus t., Cic. Div. i, 17, J2 : / tried 
 what J could do in that line, lentavi 
 quid in eo genera facere possem, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 4, 7. 4. periculum (alicujus 
 rei) facio : v. trial. 5. exploro, i : 
 V. TO TEST. 6. probo, I : to t. the 
 
 edge of a knife, mucronem cultri p., 
 Pe'r. 70: also, aciem, acumen tentare, 
 Bui m. ad 1. 7. specto, l (esp. to t. 
 gold or silver ; sitting and Hatching the 
 process) .- t.'d by fire, igne speclatus 
 (fig.), Cic. Off. 2, li", J8 ; Ov. Tr. i. 5, 25 
 (spectare in ignibus aurum). P li r. : 
 gold t.'d in the lire, aurum ad obrus,sani. 
 Suet. Ner. J4. See also tkikd. ||, To 
 attempt: 1. conor, 1 : v. to attkmit, 
 ENDEAVOUR. 2. teiito ; also, tenipto, i 
 (esp. when repeated efforts are spoken 
 off) : they t.'d to dip in the ocean, 
 tentarunt aequore tingi, Ov. M. 2, 172 : 
 [ tvill t. to speak on this {difficult) sub- 
 ject, tentabo de hoc dicere, Quinl. 6, 2, 
 29 : Cie. in this sense less freq. foil, by 
 ut and subj. : the seruxie was t.ing to 
 carry on thr government without a king, 
 senatus tenlabat, ut ipse gcreret sine 
 rege rempublicam. Cic. Kep. 2, 12. 3. 
 perb. experior, 4 (though always with a 
 different shade of meaning from Kng.) : 
 cf. Smith's I>. Diet. s. v. (11 ). |||. To 
 examine judicially : 1. judico. i (to 
 exercise the function of a judex, t. e. 
 either a. sitting or pnsiditig judge) : a 
 man experienced in t.ing matters, homo 
 in rebus Judicandis speclatus, Cic. Verr. 
 
 Act. I, 10, 29: V. TO JUIXJE. 2. <^g- 
 
 nosco, novi, niium, } (to hold a judicial 
 inquiiy: saidoi the presiding judge): to 
 t a case, causam c, (juint. 4, 1 , j : absol. 
 
 Verres t.'d the case, \Wir$ acted as jutltx, 
 Verres cognoscebat, Verres judlcabal, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 10, 26: oft. with de and 
 aOl. : id. Ph. 5, 19, ??, etc. FN. B.— Not 
 to be used with personal obji-ct.] 3. 
 phr. Judicium exerccre (said of the pre- 
 siding judge) : Cic. Arch. extr. Not*; 
 also the phr., quaestionem exerceri- (to 
 have Vie t.ing of all cases under a parti- 
 cular statute) : t<> have the duty of t.ivg 
 cases of murder, quaesiionem int>-r si< a- 
 rlos e.x., Clc. Fin. 2, 16, 54. Sec also 
 
 TRIAL. 
 
 trying {cd}-) ■• use, mOlestus {annoy- 
 ing), gravis (burdenfome), incotnmOdus 
 {inconvenient, disadvantageous), asper 
 {attended with danger and difficulty), 
 etc. 
 
 tryst i * locus ad conveniendum con- 
 stl tutus. 
 
 tub : 1. labrum : a rinsing t, 
 1. cluacrum, Cato U. R. 10 : t.sfor hold- 
 ing water, 1. aquaria, lb. : used in baths, 
 Cic. Fam. 14, 20. 2. lacus, us (esp. 
 a jvine-val): Cato R. R. z; : (3ol. (Al- 
 veus, rather a trough : q. v.) 
 
 tube : tubtilus {dimin. of tiibus, a 
 pipe for water, etc.): Col.: Vitr. Or 
 perh. fi.stula : v. pipe. 
 
 tuber : tuber, 6ris, n. ; round t.s, 
 t. rotunda, Plin.zy, 8. 54. 
 
 tubercle : tuberculum {small suell- 
 ing, pimple) : Cels. 
 
 tuberous : tuberosus {having lumps 
 (rr protuberances): VsiTr.: Petr. Phr. ■ 
 a plant with t. root, herba tiiberibus 
 radicis rotundls, Plin. 25, 8, 54 (also, 
 radice tubero.sa). 
 
 tubular: tubaiatus: Piin. 
 
 tuck ("•)■• esp- to '■ "P- succingo, 
 nxi, ncium, j : w'ith the dnss t.'d up 
 like Diana, vestem rltu Dianae succiucta, 
 Ov. M. 10, ;»6. 
 
 tuck {subs.) : in a dress, perh. plica, 
 riiga : V. FOLD. 
 
 Tuesday : 'dies Martls : M. L. 
 
 tuff: « kind of sandstone : tofus or 
 t«phus : Virg. : Plin. Of the nature of 
 t. stone, totaceus (-ius), Plin. : Hiatie oft., 
 tofinus: Suet. CI. 21. 
 
 tuft {subs.) : I, A lock of wool, etc. : 
 floccus, crinis: v. lock (111.). ||. A 
 kind of crest : crista : v. crksT. 
 
 tufted: cristatus: v. CKK^TKr>. 
 
 tuft-hunter: *qui fauiiliarilates 
 nobilluin (adolescentiura) sectatur. 
 
 tug {»■) •■ TO pull. 
 
 tug (sid)s.) : a kind of vessel : *navi8 
 tractoria. 
 
 tuition : ^- instruction, EDrcAxroN. 
 
 tumble (>'■) •■ cildo, concldo ; colliibor, 
 corruo {to fall in ruins): v. to fall. 
 See also ruin (I., throughout). 
 
 tumble (s"'«.)." casus, niina: v. fall. 
 
 tumbler : i. Acrobat : pilua- 
 
 rista, ae, m. : Fest. s. v. [p. 18?. P.]: 
 Varr. in Non. Also, pCtauristarius : 
 Petr. 5 5. II. .4 kind of pigeon : variety 
 of Columba Livia (we may perh. say, 
 Columba pctaurista). |||. A kind of 
 ve-^sel : •poculum vitreum. 
 
 tumbrel: v. wagon. 
 
 tumid : inflitns, tumi(lu>;. etc. : v. 
 iNFLATKi). T. language. am\mi\ae: Hor. 
 A. P. 97 : to itse t. language, ampullar!, 
 id. Ep. I, J, 14. 
 
 tumour: irimor, tuber : v. swelling. 
 
 tumult: 1. tfimiilius, us 
 
 (Roman t. t. for an irruption of bar- 
 barians, or sudden outbreak amongst 
 subjects or slaves: cf. Clc. Phil. 8, i, 2: 
 also gen.) : issuing from the camp with 
 much noise and <.,"magno cum strepitu 
 ac t castris egressi, Caes. B. G. 2, 1 1 
 Liv. : Cic. : Hor. : Ov. J o i n : an 
 exciter of t, turbae ac t. concitator, 
 Liv. 25, 4, fin. : the horses cajising a t., 
 equis t. edentibus, id. j'), 19 : to arouse 
 a t., t. facere, Liv. q, 4? : .for the sake of 
 making a t., tumuliuandi causa. Id. 14, 
 61 : they kept allaying t.s, .vrnftinut 
 exciting fresh ernes in the effort, sc»1a- 
 bant t., sedando interdum raovi-bant. Id. 
 J, 1; ; that causedat. and rout, ea res t. 
 et fugara praebuit, id. 26. 10 to cause 
 t. in the state, t. injicere civitati, Cic. 
 Cat. }. J, 7 ; to quell a t., L cimprimere, 
 Tac Hist. ^ lb: a t. in sea and sky. 
 
 pelagi coelique t., Luc. $, jqi . a (. tn 
 the mind, mentis U, Hor. 0-1. 1, id, 10. 
 2. motus, jls : to tlir a t. in tJu 
 communii ealth, m. aflerre rf-ipublicae, 
 Cic. Cat. 2. 2. 3. turba: (. and dis- 
 order, t. et confuslo nnmi, Cic. tarn. 6, 
 f> to stir up a violent I. tn thr camp, 
 maximas in castris lurlias efficere, id. 
 Rose. Am. J2, 91 : Caes. : Plaut. : to 
 mufee o (., lurliam facere, Ter. Kun. 4, 
 I, 2; turbag dare, ib. 4, ), 11 : lurbas 
 conclre. id. Heaut 5, 2, 17. 4. s&lliio, 
 (mutiny, insunection) : l.i of the cili- 
 zens, s. doinesticiie, id. Riill. 2, jJ, 90: 
 a t. arose, s. orta, Liv. 2, 16; a. cuorla 
 est, Virg. Aen. i. 149: to exriie a t., s. 
 concltare, Cic. Mur. J9. 81; «. commo- 
 vere, id. Alt. z, i ; s. a>nclre, I'ac. Ann. 
 14, 17; s. misa-re, id Hist 4, 68: to 
 quell a t., 8. comprlniere, Liv. 2, 2J; s. 
 coercere, Tac. Hisi. i, fro. 5. ^t* rt- 
 pentina, Cic. .Sesi. 67, I4">: v. riot, up- 
 roar, i>i.s4iRi>KB. 6. lfimultu4llo 
 (rare): I.iv. j8. 2. "J. cuiicilalio: a 
 popular t., c. p<ipularis, Cic .SesU 14, ',j. 
 
 8. iHrturbiitio: v. DiwruBBANCE, 
 
 9. permoiio (</ the mind). 10. 
 fluctus, uuni, pi. (IIU waves): t. of 
 assemblies, f. conlionum, Cic. Mil. i, ?: 
 Hor. : Lucr. . v. bxcitkmk.nt, emotion, 
 agitation. 
 
 tumultuous: 1. tiimultur>su8: 
 (. assemblies, t. conltones, Clc. Fam. 2, 
 12 : at. croud, t. turba, Liv. 6, n. 2 
 concltatus: a t. meeting, c. contio, Clc. 
 Flacc. 7, 17. 3. turbidus: v. di^ 
 ORDKKED. Join: t. et concilatu-s, Clc. 
 Tusc. 4, 1 5, J4. 4. turbulenlus: v. 
 disturbeii, factious. 
 
 tumultuously : 1. lurbOlent« : 
 Cic. 2. tiiniultuose: Liv.; comp. 
 
 Caes.: Liv. .v»;i. .- Cic: Suet. 
 
 tun {sidjs.) : I. A large cask: 
 1, ddlium (o very large jar): to 
 draw vine from the t., de di>lio liaurire, 
 Cic. Brut. 8?, 288. 2. !*ria (a cylin- 
 drical earthen vesstT) : Liv. : Ter. ||. 
 The largest Knglish ivine-measure, equi- 
 valent to about J74i congii, or rather 
 less than 2i culei, the largest Roman 
 liquid measure, which contained 20 
 amphorae: *quadrag:nta qulncjue am- 
 phorae; or, more roughly, •centum 
 umae. T.-bellied: venlriosiis, I'lauL 
 
 tun (>■'■) •■ rare : 'in dollum infundere, 
 ingerere. 
 
 tune {subs.): I. Harmony (..nly 
 used in phr., in t., oxU oft.): in t.. con- 
 sonus (rare) : Ov. : to l.-eep in (., conc«-n- 
 tum servarc, Clc. Fin. 4, 27. 75 : t*e «>nj7 
 w in t. with the accomj>animrnt, conior- 
 dant carmina nervis, Ov. .Met. I, 518: 
 pipes in good tune, miKlulate canenles 
 tibiae, Cic. N. 1). 2. 8. 22 : v. harhosv : 
 out of t., t.less, absdnus Cic. de Or. i. 
 2;, 115 ; incontentus: lyrcS out of t., 
 hdts incontentae, id. Fin. 4, 27. 75 d'*" 
 sonus. Col. 12, 2, 4: Liv. : to be out >ft^ 
 di.sciepare, Cic Off. i. 40, fin. (v. Dl»- 
 coitDANT. ixiiahmonious). II. -•tn 
 
 air, vul(nli) : lantus, carmen. nuKli. nu>- 
 duli- V. a\k. >iku)I>v, strain, mkasUBR. 
 [N B.— Modulamen is not clav;.. but is 
 frequently used by modem sclrolars.] 
 Phr.: / rememlier the t. if I could but 
 think of the II Olds, numeros niemiol si 
 verba teuereni, Virg. Ec\. v. 45- 
 
 tune (>■•)•• "f siring'd iiistrumenU: 
 fides ita contendere numeris (.or iiervlg) 
 ut concentiim s<Mvare possint, cf. Cic 
 Fin. 4, 27. 75 : to t. a lute, tender* l»r- 
 biUin, Hor. Oil. i, i. 14 tv I. one 
 instrument by another, •iiislrumeu- 
 tum musicum ad aliud aoommodare. 
 Georg., or expr. by circnniL : v. tunk 
 (subs.), harmony, a t.ing-fork, • fur- 
 cula musiai. 
 
 tuneful: 1. cilnnnis: t. vrru*. 
 c. versus, Hor. Kp. 2. 2. 76: tlie t. b>rd, 
 c. ales, id. Od. 2, 2o, 15. 2. ni6daia- 
 tus: v. melodious. 3. milslcus: v. 
 musical. 
 
 tuner: "niddulaior. 
 
 tunic: 'flnlca Clc: Plau'.: Hor.: 
 a t. I'ilh long sleeves, t. manlcala, Clo 
 Cat. 2 10, 22 : c <. reaehing down to the 
 ankles. L talaris, ib. ttnthed in a t., 
 ttinlc4tiis: Cic A little t.. tOiiiclila* 
 879
 
 T D M C L E 
 
 TURNING 
 
 TURN 
 
 Plant Rurt. 2, 6, 65 : Varr. An under 
 
 t^ SUbaCuU : T. SHIBT. 
 
 tunicle (1 riotaial covering or mem- 
 brant) 1. lunica : the t. of the eyti. 
 ocnlonim U Cels. ■;, 7, 14; Plin. 2. 
 taoicula : thet.of the e'jti, oculornm t., 
 
 Plin. 26, 12, 76: V. COVEBISG, EfTEGC- 
 MEXT. 
 
 tannel : L canalis (a channel m 
 a raine) : Plin. Ji, 4, 21. 2. specna, 
 U5, m , and poet n. : v. surteeeaseas. 
 3. cuniculus; Cic. : Plin. 
 
 t TiTiTiy : L thunnos or tfaynnns ; 
 Plin.: Linn. 2. scomber, in, m.: 
 *s. tbynnns, IJnn. 
 
 tXirban: L milra: Anct. Har. 
 Eesp. 21 : Virg. Aen. 9, 616. 2. 
 
 tiara : Sen., and p^t. T.'d throngt, 
 mitrati chori. Prop. 4, 7, 42 : Plin. 
 
 turbid : L larbidus : t. vxiter, t. 
 aqna, Cie. Tusc. 5. ?4, <)•. 2. coenii- 
 sus; V. MUDDY. 3. aestnosus: t.thal- 
 loirt, ae. freta, Hor. Od. 2, -, 15. 4. 
 tnrbfilentua : t. uater, t. aqua, Phaedr. 
 I, I, ;■ 
 
 turbo t : L rhombxis : Plin. : 
 
 Hor.: Juv. 2. * pleuronestes maxi- 
 mns : Linn. 
 
 turbulence: I. TamuU: tn- 
 
 muUus, turba«, fiactiis (pi.) .- v. mrcLT. 
 II. Of ditpotMon: e.xpr. by adj., 
 tuTbfilentos, tarbidns, seditiosns, in- 
 quietus; e. g. turbidmn Ingenium, cf. 
 Tac Ann. 14, 59 : then; u a iort of t. in 
 tUi ifidiriduaU, est qniddam turbalent- 
 vm in singulis hominibus, Cic. Rep. j, 
 
 36: T. BESTLESESESS, trXBCUSESS. 
 
 turbulent : L tnrbulentus : at 
 t. in ijy.rch at in lift, ut vita sic oratione 
 etiam t., Cic Brut. 28. io8. Joinrsedi- 
 tiosus et u, id. de Or. 2, 11,48. 2. 
 seditiosns : aU t)ie mott f, seditiosisstmas 
 qnisqne, Tac Ann. i, 44. .Join: a t. 
 life, s. et tumultoosa vita. Cic Inv. 1, I 
 J. 4 V. PAcners. 3. tnrbidus : a t. \ 
 elate, V ci vitas. Tac. Hist. 4. 11 : aU the 
 mott t., turbidissimus quisqoe, ib. j, 49. 
 4. inquieiHs v. EKsmFss. 5. 
 remm novamra cupidns : to be I., novis 
 rebns studere, novas res qoaer^-re : v. 
 
 EEVOLTTIOKABT. 6. fefuX : V. 
 
 SPIRIT ED. 
 
 turbulently : torbfilente, turbu- 
 lent«r : Cic. : turbide : Cic : Tac. ; sedi- 
 tiose : Cic. ; Liv. : Tac 
 
 tuxi (»'"**•) •■ L caespes, itis, m. 
 fboth a sod and green tirard') : tenti 
 ipread urith freth t., recentibus c. taber- 
 nacula constrata, Caes. B. C. }.</>: lei 
 there be made an altar green v-ith t,, 
 ara gramineo viridis de eaespite fiat, Ov. 
 Trist. 5, 5, 9: he jiitckt hit tpear from 
 the t., hastam de eaespite vellit, Vlrg. 
 Aen. tr. ;66: Plin.: to cut t^ caespitem 
 circmncidere, Caes. B. G. 5, 42 : freth t., 
 c vivos, Ov. Met. 4, joo. 2. berba 
 {tender gran) : to lie on the f., se abji- 
 cere in h, ttc de Or. i, 7, 28. 3. 
 gramen, Inis. n. : Jloicery t„ florenm g. 
 Mart 9. 91, I : v. GRASS. Covered irifh 
 t., caesposos : CoL 10, ijo- gramineus: 
 Virg. 8. 176: V. GEASST. Phr. : the t. 
 (colloq. for fiorte-racing'), p^rh, ctnri- 
 cfilum. cf. Hor. Od. i, i. j : v. race. 
 
 turf J-' ,' ■• consterriere caespitibos, cf. 
 Caes. B. C. j. 96: * eaespite tegere, ves- 
 tire, aliqcid (Kr.). 
 
 turgid : 1. tumidtis : ickat it 
 
 tublime in one place it t. in another, 
 qnod alibi magnificum, $. alibi, C^nt, 
 8, i, I3: Plin. 2. tnrgidus: Hor. 
 Sat. I, 10, 56; a f. ttyl.e. t. oratio, Petr. 
 2. 3. inflatus : v. i>fi.ated. Join: 
 L et tamidus, Tac. (jt. 18. To he t. (of 
 style). toTgeo. Auct. Her. 4, 10, 45 : Hor. 
 An ezcettirely t. ttyU, gmas dicendi 
 qnod immodico tiunore torgescit. Quint. 
 12. 10, -J. To employ a t. ftyle, am- 
 ptill'^r, Hor. Lp. i, j. 14: v. BoilBASna 
 
 tUTgidity: 1. tumor: yuint: 
 
 Sen. 2. ampullae. Hor. A. P. 97. 
 3. turgor: Mart. Cap. Or expr. 
 by adj.: v. rrEGiD ['sTrtE]. To dit- 
 play t., adhlbere in dicendo quandam 
 Bpeciem a-.que pompam, Cic de Or. 2, 
 •^2, 294 : V. lyi-LATIO.t. 
 
 turkey; *meleagrisGaUopavo: Linn.: 
 [N-B. — The meleagris of th« ancients 
 Mo 
 
 was the guintia-fowl : turkeys were only 
 known to toropeans after the discovery 
 of America.) 
 
 turmoil: L turba: (. and broU, 
 t. aique nxa, Jic. Verr. 4, 66, 149 : Plaut 
 Ter. : in pi. Plaut, 2. tarbatio re- 
 rum, Liv. 24, 23. 3. perturbatio: 
 
 V. D13TTEBASCE. 4. tUmUltUS, US : 
 
 V. TtTHCLT. T. of the imnd: animi 
 ooamDotio, Cic Ttxsc j, 4, 8 ; vehe- 
 j mentior concitatio animi, id. Q. Fr. i, 
 I, /in., turbidi condtaliqne motus ani- 
 morom, id. Tnsc. 4, 15, 34 : v. also 
 
 TEOreiX, MOLESTATIOS. 
 
 turn (*"fe.) : \ I. Circular mo- 
 
 turning : 5 '">" ■■ L conver- 
 sio ; ta of fifavenly bodiet, c. caelestes, 
 Cic. L«g. I, 8, 24. 2 circumactus, 
 6s : a t. of the body, c. corporis, 
 Plin. 8, io, 44. 3. versatio : t. nf 
 
 the. eye, v. oculi, Plin. 8, jj, 51 : Viir. 
 4. versura : t. at the end of a 
 furrow, CoL 2, 2, 28 : in archit. of a 
 wall, Vitr. 5. vertigo, glnis. /. : one 
 t. maket a citizen, ima v. Quiritem 
 facit, Pers. ;, 76. 6. flexio. Fig. 
 (rare): Cic Pis. 22, 5J: v. eevouttios, 
 EOTATIOS. II. An alteration of direc- 
 tion in thape or courte, a bend or 
 winding: 1, flerus, as: the t.* of 
 the tun at midirinter, solis brumales 
 flexes, Lucr. 5, 61;: in some t. of the 
 road, in aliqno flexn viae, Liv. 22, 12 : 
 artful tj, (in PJiet.), £, Quint. ;, ij, 2. 
 2. flexura: virtue it ttraightfor- 
 icard, ike admits no t., virtus recta est, 
 f. non recipit, S*^d. Ep. 71, med. 3. 
 anfractus: v. cttrve, wna>i>"G. 4. 
 ambages, gum, /. .- v. wrsorsG, eocttd- 
 .\BorT. 5. commntatjo : t. of the tide. 
 c aesrus, cf. Caes. B. G. 5, i. Full of 
 tJ: flexuosus: a vxty ... fl. iter, Cic 
 X. D. 2, 57. 144; sinuosos flesibns 
 (Maeaoder), Plin. 5, 29. ji. Repeated 
 tJ, occursus et recnrsus (of the Laby- 
 rinth). PUn. }6, I J, 19. III. An altera- 
 tion of the oourte of erentt, a change, 
 virimtude : \, vicissitudo, inis, /. .• 
 t-E of fortune, fortunae v., Cic. Fam. 5, 
 12. 2. commQtaiio: an important 
 t of arfairt, magna remm commutatio, 
 Caes. B.C. I. 52: v. change. 3. con- 
 verao : t. of affairt, c remm, Cic. Flacc. 
 37, 94. 4. exitus, eventus {decitive or 
 final f): v. ISSCE, BESCLT. Phr.: 
 fcrrtune take* a tudden t., celeriter for- 
 tona mutator, Caes. B. C. i. 59 : fortuna 
 subito convertitur, Xep. AtL 10, 2: all 
 things take an unfatxrurable t., omnia 
 in pejorem partem vertuntnr ac mutan- 
 tur, Cic Rose Am. j6, loj : affairt in 
 Apulia hacing taken a t. (for the better', 
 incllnatis in Apulia rebus, Liv. 9, 20: 
 things seem to hate taken a t. mott 
 fatourable to ut, mott ditastrout to 
 them, omnia secondissima nobis, adver- 
 sissima illis accidisse videntur. Caes. in 
 Cic Att 10, 8. B. : to take a different f, 
 aUter cadere. Cic. Fam. 5, 19 : if it eaty 
 for good things to take a t.far the icorse, 
 bona facile rontantnr in pejus. Quint, i, 
 I, 5 : ai2 thingt hate taken a different t., 
 omnia versa sunt, Cic Rose Am. 22, 
 61 : all things had taken a morefarour- 
 able t., onmia erant facta laetiora, id. 
 Att. 7, 26 : the matter it taking a t.for 
 the better, indpit res melius ire, ib. 14, 
 16 [v. ntPEOVE] : to gin a t. to any- 
 thing : v. TO TITEX, CHA^iGE, ALTER, 
 DiBEcnoy : or with an adj., expr. by 
 facere, reddere, with a comp. adj. |V. 
 Inclination of mind : expr. by adj. in- 
 cKnatus, pronus, dediins, etc., e. g. the 
 general himself trot of a more peaceatAe 
 t. of mind, ipsius imperatoris animus ad 
 pacem incUnatior erat, Liv. 34, j?: v. 
 rsciJSATios, Dispogmos. y. Form 
 of exprettion : tj of expression, con- 
 formationes verboram, Cic de Or. 3, 54, 
 208 : to give a goo/i t. to a tpeech, ora- 
 tionem constractione verbormn confor- 
 mare, ib. j, 5, 17 : a t. of exprtstion, 
 orationis figura, ib. j, 55. 212. VI. 
 Of maxtfion by tJ : altemis : by ask- 
 ing and persuading by tj, rogando al- 
 ternls soadendoqae. Liv. 2, 2. adfm. : by 
 tj, altenie, PUn. : Sen. : miitiio . Soet. ; 
 invicem: Caea.: Cfc.: Liv.: Poet.: ri- 
 
 cibus factia, Ov. Fast. 4, 353 ; per 
 vices, Ov. Fast. 4, 483. Jr. t., invi- 
 cem: Liv. I, 40: thit badge of royaltv 
 goet the round of all in t, hoc insjgce 
 regium in orbem suam cujusqne vicem 
 it, Liv. 3, 36 : he gate his vote in t., sen- 
 tentiam dixit ex ordine, Qc Verr. 4, 
 64, 143 : if he tpeakt let me speai: 
 in my t„ si iste loquitur sine me pro 
 mea re loqni, Plant. Rud. 4, 4, 81 : 
 they raise their arms in regular t., 
 ill! inter sese brachia tijUunt in nn- 
 merom, Virg. Aen. 8, 452. V||. 
 
 Of requital, an office-, a gvA t., offl- 
 cium [v. KINDNESS] : b€n«tlCTum [v. 
 BENEFIT] ; gratia : oj gnoii a t. cannot he 
 done as is due, tanta referri gratia non 
 potest quanta debetur, Cic. PbU. 3, 2. 4. 
 An ifl t.: v. HrBT, isjttet. yilif 
 Inclination cf the scale -. Fig.: L 
 inclinatio: ts of affairs and periods, 
 remm 1. et momenta tempomm. Cic 
 Fin. 5, 4, II. 2. discrimen, inis, n..- 
 V. CEiTiCAL [TIL 3], CRISIS. Phr.: 
 to give a t. of the scale, momentum ha- 
 bere, Caes. B. C. 3. 70 ; rem incUnare, 
 Liv. 5, 61 ; rem deceraere, Liv. j, 55 : 
 to important a t. of affairs, tantns 
 cardo remm, Virg. Aen. i, 672. |X. 
 A short icalk up and doum : L am- 
 bnlatio : v. walk (subs.). 2. spatium 
 (pie distance traterted): after two or 
 three tj, duobus s. tribtisve factis Cic. 
 de Or. I, 7, 28. A liUle t„ ambiilatian- 
 cnla : Cic Phr.: let us go frn- a t, e*- 
 mus deambulatum, Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 256: 
 he has gom for a t., abiit ambu latum, 
 PlauL Mil 2, 2, 0. MisceiL Pbr. : 
 I at every end and t., idemidem (lit. re- 
 peMedly), Cic. : PUnt. To serve ones L : 
 V. TO SCFFICE : it serves your t. irefl, 
 tuam in rem bene conducit, Plaut. Cist. 
 I }, 4 : to trust all to the t. cf the die, dan 
 ' summam rerum in aleam, Liv. 42, 59. 
 I tUm(P-)-- A. Trans.: |. To 
 j change the direction of anything : L 
 j verto, ti, sum, j to t. the enemy to 
 I flight, V. hostes in fngam, Liv. i, 37 : 10 
 ' t. on^'t back, terga v., id. i, 27 to t. 
 water on to the loic ground, v. aquant in 
 I subjecta, Tac. Ann. i, 64: proirt t.'d to 
 the short, versae ad htora puppes. Virg. 
 Aen. 10, 268 ; he tj hit coarse, v. iter 
 Ov. Met, 2, 7J0. 2. converto, 3 : to 
 t. the eyes of aU to himself, c omnium 
 ocnios ad se, Xep. Alcib. 3: to U th^ 
 mind of the ignorant to wvrship, c 
 animos Imperitomm ad deormn cultnm, 
 Cic. X. D. I, 27, 77. 3. adverto, } 
 with in, ace. (Ov.), or dai. (Virg.) : to t. 
 the mind to anything, animum a. ad 
 rem, rei [v. attend]. 4. fl*^to, xi, 
 xum. 3 ; to t. the eyes, f. oculce, Ov. Met. 
 8, 696: Juv.: to t. any one from his de- 
 sign, f. aliqnem a proposito, Liv. 28, 22 : 
 to t. cm^s course to, f. iter ad, Liv. 8, 19: 
 V. BEND, DiEECT. 5. verso, I : tot. the 
 mind to all kinds of vice and dishonesty, 
 ad omnem malitiam et fraudem versare 
 mentem suam, Cic. Quent. 26, 70 : v. 
 also TURN aboct, tubn bocsd. 6. 
 torqueo, si, turn, 2. to t. the eyes to, 
 oculos t. ad, Virg. Aen. 4, 220: Cic. : v. 
 TWIST, wBEsr. II. To apply, appro- 
 priate : PbT.: to t. to one't oicti use, 
 to t. to account : uti [v. td C3e] to t. 
 nothing to hit oim advantage, nihil ad 
 utilitatem suam referre, Cic de Or. 2, 
 51, 207 . thty t. the disadvantage of an- 
 other to their own advantage, ex incom- 
 modis alterius ?na comparant commoda. 
 Ter. Andr. 4, i, 4 ; to t. to his aum use, 
 in rem suam convertere, Cic Rose 
 Am. 39, 114; V. appropriate. |||. 
 To move round : \, drcnmago, egl, 
 actum, ? : tot.a mill, c molas trusaiiles. 
 Cat. R. R. 10, 4. 2. vol TO, \i, volfi- 
 turn, i: to t. a vrheel, rolam v., Virg. 
 Aen. 6. 748. 3. verso. 1 : after ting 
 the hinge, versato cardine, Ov. Met. 4, 
 93 ; to t. the spindle, v. fusnm, ib. 221 ■ 
 icheels v-hich irater tJ, rotae quas aqua 
 versat, Plin. 18, 10, 23: to t. a n»»B. 
 V. molam, Juv. 8, 67. 4. torqueo, 2 ' 
 to t. the spindle, t. fusum, Plin. 28, 2. J: 
 to t. the magic wheel, t rhombum. Or. 
 Am. 1, 8, 7. IV. To change : vertft 
 oonverto, mSto: v. 10 chasge. teass
 
 TDEN ABOUT 
 
 TC R X OUT 
 
 TURN ON 
 
 fOBM.oosvERT. To t. intn money ■ v. to 
 BKLL. V. ^ trantlaU : exprimo, 
 
 verto: V TRANSLATE. y\. Tofaitii/m, 
 fonn : conformo, i (of speech) : Cic de 
 Or. I, 5. II. V. VI II. rv&is (tutit.) V. 
 WMVd : rSiundus (of phrases, etc.) ; 
 teres, expressos (g^n.) : CSc. : v. keat. 
 To t. vertes, fingere versus, Hor. A. P. 
 j8l: V. c«5MPr<5E. VII. ^0 m<iA.-« (a 
 tcaie) incline : 1. inclino, I : v. TCas 
 (tulM.) VIII. 2. 'i'^primo. } • v. weigh 
 Qdows3- 3. P''*''P''''<''^'''j. I : Fig.: to 
 t. the Kale in veithrr directum, neuiro 
 p.. Quint 7. 2, 19- Vill. ^'» Z"™* <>" 
 a lathe: 1. tomo, i: Cic: Plin. 
 Fig.: badly t.'d <oenet, male tomati 
 yersus, Hor. k P. 441. 2. dgtortHj, i 
 (to (. (xmflet'ly) ■ I'lin. Fig.: to t. a 
 tentence, d. senu-miam, fiflL 9, 8, ott 
 /tn. ()r expr. by nt>js. tornus : e. g. fa- 
 cere tijmo, PliD. • perfjcpre In t<>mo, 
 
 or ab) : t«> (. a:jaimt any one, ab aliquo 
 d.. Cic Pbil. 11.9. 21. 
 tarn aside: A.Tran*.: L 
 
 deflecto. % to L axuif. toeapom. d. tela, 
 Virg. .\.en. 10. ?n. Join: fei £. oxid* 
 rieert into anutlitr courtt, in aJium cur- 
 PQID amnes c<irit/»rqtieo et d., Cic. Lrtv. i, 
 19, fin. 2. detorqneo. 2 : to t. ati/ie 
 his eye from h/r, lumen d. ab ilia, Ov. 
 Mft, 6, 515. Fig.: pleaturu t. arile 
 the mini from virtue, volnptaUrsanimos 
 a vinote d.. Cic Off. 2, 10, J7- 3. 
 deverto. j: to t. atide his ornnro/let by 
 hit advice, guo comites d. horuiia, 
 Lucan 6, ji^. 4. declino, 1 : to t. 
 atide the line, agmen d., Li v. i, 28 : 
 Cat B. In trans.; 1. deflerto, 
 J Tac : Plin. Fig.: to t. atide fr'/tn 
 truth, s veritate d., Cic. Vsonc. Com. 16, 
 46. 2. declino, l (with refi. yrr/n.): 
 I t.'d atide a little from ttf "-ay, ego d. 
 
 PUut Aul. ?. I, 7 4, eilriido, si. 
 snra, }: V. THBi ST otT. Join: e. et 
 eji'io, Cic. de Or 2, <8. 2J4. 5. »>x- 
 t'lrbo, I (^urith vi/Amce) . to t. out of 
 doorr, foras e., Plaut Trin 4, }, t; . Cic : 
 
 V. DKIVE OUT, EXFKL. P b r. tO t. OUt 
 
 of office, ;>otestAte privo, Suet Ca'-s. 79. 
 B. In trans. |. T' ' ■■' — it- 
 
 rue, erui, remit ivduio, cid' -j- 
 
 tingo, exiium b4beo • v. H , • .l 
 
 OUT. P b r. . t/tt out vxlt, pr. eperf. Mi- 
 citer, evenlo, bene c<?d'. ^"fj^-n pro- 
 cedo: V. SLC-F.F.I*. Tk' 1 l.-ing 
 
 out better than I ex, ■ :.|[ re» 
 
 melius ire quar ■ ' " 4. 
 
 15. To t. 'Ait t>a 
 
 2, I, ji : u-hat he. - -: . .. ,. . k 
 
 res rortant qnas agtl, PUut. Pero. 4. 1, 
 5: it I'd out at I I'-ithed. ita csdebal 
 ut vellem, Cic. Att j. 7: eveiylhing tj 
 out according to my uHthet. omnia ex 
 st'nUrnlia ^ucoedunl, CV. Ep. ad Brut. 9 : 
 / feared h'AO it uxiul/i t. o-it. verebir 
 quor^^Im id casuruni »%**t <.'ic- Att j, 
 24: that the adrice appeared at first 
 view Ijetter Ih/in it unuLt t. out upon 
 experience, or>ri>iiliiim specie prima me- 
 lius ful&se quaiii iisQ appariiurum, Li*. 
 4, 60. * 
 
 Vitr. : 'ad tornnni (abricare, Georg. | paulum me extra viam. Plant. Aul 
 Pbr.: to t. «A« «/'iiwicfc. nauseam facere. 4, 8, II: Oc : Li v. 3. deverio, }: 
 Plin. 26, II, '>9 to t. the hea/i, roenK-m j >ie Li atide from the roa/i. via d., Li v. 
 extnrbare, Oc y. Fr. I. 4 : hit brain u 44, 41. 4. flecto, J: f beg vou to t. 
 L'd, mente eaptus est, id. Off. i . 27, 94 : atide from it, nt earn (viam) flectas te 
 to turn the laugh again.'t any one, Ttsum rozo, Cic Att. II, 18: v. avoio, TirBS 
 in aliqoem convertere. Id. de Or. 2. fe, 1 awat. 
 
 245: tot. tA«<<to<</.ratindo, Cic: Plin.: away: A. Trans.: 1. ' 4. ^- II. To prove to l^e. become 
 
 T. TO BLtr.vT. B. In trans.. |. 7b averts, j lo t. any one away from evado, si, gum, to J. <mi crroiwi. oratorea 
 change one" i potition or dir-ct ion r ' L err</r. aliqu«-m ab errore a.. Cic Off. J. 21, e., Cic. de Or. 1,28, 126. To route to t. 
 converto, } (with refl. pron.): he tJ ij : U. t. onet prayert from men to the 'Att: vert/j, j: may Uie g<elt caute to t. 
 thrice ler §e c. Ov Met 7. 189. 2. i Q'J^. ab hominibn? ad dw* precft* a. ou/ ifrH \chat you are *>.riy, di vort*nt 
 convenor {reflect.) : then I v-Hl t. to \ Liv. 6. 20. 2. imov«,, 2 : v. to re- bene qnid agas, Ter. H<^. I, 2, 121. 
 myteif, delnde ad me convertar, Qc ; move, avekt. Tot.axoay, of servants, tam over: I. T" uptet: grerto, 
 Fam. }, 12. To make in t., oonverto: etc.: v. Dismiss. B. Intrans. : L 
 Liv. 1, 1- 3. verto (with rell. pron.) : averto, neutr. : Virg. : PlatlL 2. 
 
 Cic 4. inteudo, di, turn, and sum. j: aversor, I: Qc. Ou 6j, 177. 8. d^ 
 Cic: Ter.: intendo iter. Liv. 5. j flecto: v. tcrs asiue- 
 
 flector (reflect.) : Plia : flecto {neutr.) : I back : A. T r a n s. : 1. re- 
 
 Liv.: Tac: Virg. Kig. : to <. to pru- j flecto, j: to t. back 0,e e'let. oculos r. 
 denee and tritdom, ad providentiam - -" ~ " 
 
 ggpientiamque flectere, Tac Ann. u, i 
 
 ▼. BEXD. 6. torqueor : Plin. v. besd. 
 
 7. incHno, I (with refl. pron. : fig. 
 
 metoo. from scales) : fr/rtunt tj, for- 
 
 ttma «e i., Caes. B. C. i, J2. Pbr. 
 
 perverto ; v. ovebttks, cpsET. ||. 
 
 To m/tre about : L volvo, pervolro, 
 v^IQuj : V. to boll. 2. v»-r80. l : to 
 t. over eggt, v. ova, Ov. Met. 8, 668. 
 Ill, Fig.: volvo, viiluto, vrso- » 
 
 COSSTDEB, BEFLECT CPOS. |V. Of • 
 
 book : to t. over pagei : L ivoUo 
 librum: v. to beao. 2. perv01&t<* 
 I : p. libros, Cic. Att 5, 12. 3. ven>o. 
 I ■ t. over tirtek m/xi/Xt by nipAi. exeni- 
 
 Ov. Met 7, J41. 2. retorqueo, 2 
 
 rScorvo, i ; v. besd back. B. ' "■ 
 
 trans.: oonverto (with refl. pron.). 
 
 Ca«-5. B. C. I, 4*: converto \ias, Virg. , 
 
 Aen. 5, 582; verto iter retro. Liv. z8, }; pUria Graeca noctuma v. mafju. Hot 
 
 pedem refiecto. Cat. 64, i il ; greasum A. P. 269. Pbr. U/t. orer a rune Uaf, 
 v:kither ihall I t.f <l e. >jeiake mytelf rtflM:to, .Sen. Thvest. 428 ; reverto, re- ad bonam fnigf-m «r recif*r^, Cic i.oeL 
 fr/r help or tafety), quo roe vertamr vertor (v. RErrES). A t.ing back: 11, ii. V. To make oxkt tu ano-.her : 
 Ter. Hec. 4, i,' i; quo inteadam.' id. reverslo : Cic T.'d back: relroversos, ! transfero: v. pasb o.v, teansfe*. 
 Andr. 2, 2, 6 : he had no place to t. retronais: Ov. : Pliii. I round: A. Trans.: 1, 
 
 to, quo se verteret, non habebai, Cic. ' dOWn : in v^rto. j : the hand t.'d ] verco, i {to move round in a circle, or to 
 
 L pUco, i ABOtrr. 2. cirajrnig". €gi. actum, j 
 
 PhIL 2, 29, 74: they t. mth every K-tV.d, • down, in versa manui, Plin. 12, 25. 54- ""-"^ ahout): v. Tear (A, III.), ttbs 
 
 pluma ac folio facilins moventur, id. in; A- Trans.: L pli< - , , ■ > 
 
 Att 8. I ; II 7% move rounl : L I = ^- TO 'OLD. 2. inflecto, J : v. TO | (to t. through an angle or tn a cirde) : to 
 
 drcotnagor, I : t/ t J in a cirde, c orije, crB\-K. B. Intraus.: L In- I t. rtfur.i a V/tk iniA roru. c eqtinm 
 
 Liv I, 19. 2 vertor, j (r«rt«c<.) : I Sector : v. eejtd ix. 2. devertor, freni£. Liv. i, 14,/n. : v. TrK5(A,in.) 
 
 Locr Virg. 3 verso, i (with r^. ' deverto (of travellers, to t. out of the V \%.: he t.'d round to *u ride, almoit 
 rmm.) ■ Qc Verr. 2. ?o, 74 : and versOT road) : v. lODor^o. j aU the irorUi, iiniver.-um prope boman- 
 
 ' - into: Phr. : A«- Wood tJinto I tun genuBC ill se. Plin. 2'j, },7. Join 
 
 tap, sanguis it in succos, Ov. Met. 1 10, c. el flecu.. Suet Caes. 70. 8. <»•>- 
 
 49?: V. TO cojriEBT, TEA5SFOBX, BE- | verto, J : V. TCBN (A, HI ). 4. iDtor- 
 
 1 loifz. 1 qneo, torsi, tornjm, 2 to t. rtAtnd Ihf 
 
 ]' of: A. Trans.: |. Of >y«, L ocaloe, Virg. Georg. 4. 451. 5 
 
 aiem se convenit et torquet Cic Acad. ' servarju, i-e-r*i-y^rs, etc : t. va- j contorqne'j, 2 ^ to t Tjund a pW*. <.. 
 2, ?9, 12}. 5 volvor. J : v. Eou, ] chaege, m-t? ^-, "-rr^b orr, dehe off. ] globiim, Cic X. U. 1, 10. 24. B. '"■ 
 BBVOLVE. Phr.': tchile the vheel tJ. \ ||. To gice a difererU direction to: ' ir mi.: cmi't'^' * r.r' r-rvr, ver- 
 
 cnrrente rot*, Hor. A. P. 22. |||. To] L averio. j: vre t. of rirert, nog so (with r«/!. / -'r, 
 
 mamge,beetme: verto (with refl. pron. flnmina a.. Cic K. D. 2, 60, /n. 2. , circamverior i/ H., 
 
 or meKtr.), mutor, oonverto (with r^fl. j deriro. 1 : to t. of vrater frrjm the ri>*r, IL). bevolve. A tiJ-v tvufU. c.r...iii- 
 1): V. CHAXGE. 7b t... (with adj., i de flnvioaqnam d., PlautlTruc 2, 7. 12: actus • Plin. ; Sen 
 
 to t. of a rivn-.nxuD^n i, H\n.B.G.\ towardi: obverto, f. Pliti 
 
 8,40. Fig.: A« t.'d off hit antuxr to I v. tttbs. T.d v.-ardt: L versus 
 Kimidkiiig elie, alio Tespaa^xem snam | (with prep in or ni) : S»1L^ iJv. ; Cic 
 d, CSe. Verr. i, 51 1J9. 8. dediico, " ' * * '-' "■ 
 
 (reflect.) : that the unirerte tj ahout the 
 axit of heaven, mtiodam versari circura 
 axem caeli, Cic. X. D. i, 2o, 52. 4. 
 torqaeo, 2 (with refl. pron.): Join: 
 tke earth tJ en ilt axit, terra circmn 
 
 eqiL of ooloor, or the title of a profesnoa 
 or trade): t. to sacrafE. Pbr.: to (. 
 Wn^j evidence, iixiidam profiteri. SalL 
 Jtig.];; i. offerre,T»c. Aim.li, {5. .^(w. 
 of fmil, leavesL etc. to ckanpe colour: 
 virior, i : grapex t^ trva v., CoL Arb. 
 12, I : varlo (with refl. pron.) : grapet t, 
 ova se V, Piin. 17, 22, 15. $ 189: fla- 
 vesoo, ? (of leaves) : Piin. l^, 6, 7. 
 Phr. : to t. oo/o«r (C e. Mush or grow 
 pale) : oolorem motare, perdere. Oc 
 IV. Tb j^> tod : L Titior (of 
 
 fmit, meat, etc): v. 6f<hlt, ojasccn. 
 
 2. pOtnSCl, J: V. TO DBCAT. 8. 
 
 BBvtor. I (of wine): Hor. Sat. 2, 2, 58. 
 T.'d, rancidfi'ios. Juv. 
 
 tumabont: a. Trans.: verso, i 
 (to t. towtetiwKet to arte ride, lometimet 
 to the other): to t. afaout tkruAei 
 on (he fire, tardos in igne v., Hor. Sat. 
 
 I, 5. Ti- B. In »'■«'>«■: ^"f***. J-*"** 
 refl pron., cf. Oae*. B. C i, 51, or wxtr^ 
 «t Liv. j8, 26. 
 
 against: A. Trans.: L 
 
 xi. ctmn, } (to drofc frt/m a jAaee to an 
 other, or to draw dovTn) : to t. of voter 
 into Out fddi, rivos d, Virg, G«<.rg. i. 
 *^ HI. '*» ^ water off {tUjp iu 
 fUM>\ rivos claodere, Virg. EcL ?, iii. 
 B. In t rani.: L <Kflecio, j: 
 T. TCES Agii>e. 2. fl«*''. I (with 
 r<^. pron.) ■ frr/m tJus point the wmd 
 Lt €^ lo the left, iixle alva se t sinis- 
 tronom, Caes. B. G. 6, 2$. 
 
 cat: A. Trans.: L 
 
 ^pdo, jicl, jectnrn, j: to t. out cf the 
 houae, doioo e.. Plant Asin. 1, ;, 9 : to L 
 oiaqfdor/rt. aedibos foras e.. ib. i, 2. i : 
 to t out of the tenate, e aenata eL, Cic 
 de Sen. 12. art /n.: de cenatn e, Uv. 
 40^ 51. 2. nj^vfjo, movl. mfltom, 2 • 
 to L oay one otd ff the tenate, aliqoeio 
 aeoata m.. Cic (^iKnt 41. 122: t/jhe t.'d 
 out of an etlaie, ex aero moveri Id. Fam. 
 
 ebveno: Piant Ov. 2. ali^rjo, I (<jf '. ij, 5. 3. ex'go. e^ actum. } ; to t. 
 persons;: v. alxexate. B. intrana.- any out of the hfMte. aliqnem d awo e., 
 4(Kasco. iri or ii, itom, j (with prt^ a 1 Liv. 19, 1 1 : to t. oui of dat^r, latm e. 
 
 2. ol/-.<-rsuii : t t *u mother, o. ad 
 ma'r. I.. Tac .\nn. 4. $4: Ov. : ;o J. U« 
 /-Ij (ii« c;xn sea, u. pruraa pe- 
 . .\«i. 6, }: Plant: Or. 
 
 up: A-Trans.: |.7b 
 
 bend: reBecto. ritorquew, rfcorvo : *. 
 
 TCKS BA'.lt BE3fI<. |L ^ ■**' '"*' • 
 
 L inverui, } : ozen t. -p the 
 loC, uAmD i. Uun, Virg. Georg. 1, f^. 
 2. v'-rwj, I (« (. v^ cj0i( icit* 
 Aoet, V. gi<-tA» Itg'/nibui, H'jt Od. 1,6. 
 ?9: V. HOF. Phr. ; Iu t. up the note 
 {meer'' r>ar»« crirmeare, (^tnt 11, 1. So. 
 oar • 
 
 r.'.j 
 
 rt«i!!, .-- ji-:! 
 
 B. 1 -I '. r 4 n •. 
 
 T. TLi-.N '/'T. I. . 
 
 dUx dfi-.'yrMi.ckuJ'in, f '■ that thieh 
 
 hat t.'d u/.. liiiid qood awadit f'<t*, Ter. 
 
 Ad. 4, 7. 22; excl"Vi . the dog Ihrmc Ij 
 
 up, cMZdt e.. Sen. A p. OoL la 
 
 upon : / I. L 1 1 : einr. bj 
 
 on : f diaau at in «'<th ■&■ 
 
 I. 19.4?: »- 
 
 . N. U. 1, 19. *». , 
 
 . 14. 9t Piln. 
 
 I. To kaffrn r 
 
 'y' numtfjcri im
 
 TURN UPSIDE DOWN 
 
 TWICE 
 
 TWIST 
 
 pie verb: v. turn, B. ||. Fig. : vertor, j 
 dep. : the case t^ on a point of law, causa 
 V. in jure, Cic. Brut, jg, 14;. Phr. : he 
 t.'d ((pan him (a pursuer) with fury, in 
 eum magno impetu rediit, Liv. i, 25, 
 med. : to t. one's back upon prayers, 
 aversor preces, Liv. j, 12. 
 
 turn upside down : 1. subvert©, 
 
 J : V. ui-SKT. 2. inverto, j : ships' hulls 
 t.'d upside dovm, alvei navlum inversi. 
 Sail. Jug. 18. Phr.: they t. everything 
 upside down, quod sursum est deorsum 
 faciunt, Pelr. 6;, fm.: mare caelo con- 
 fundunt. Juv. 6, 28} : omnia infima sura- 
 mis paria faciunt, Cic. Leg. j, 9, 19: 
 ima summis mutant, Hor. Od. 1, J4, 12: 
 
 V. TOPSV-TDBVT. 
 
 turncoat : *1"i inconstantiae notam 
 habet, of. Plin. 11, 52, 1 14 ; *homo levis- 
 slmus modo harum modo illarum par- 
 tium. To be a t.. expr. by descisco, 
 transeo : v. go Qoveb]. 
 
 turner: tornator: Firm.: or expr. 
 by verb : v. turn (A., VIIL). A t.'s 
 wheel, lathe : torn us : Plin. : Virg. 
 
 turnery : tomatura : Vulg. : or 
 expr. by verb. 
 
 turning : ^- turn (subs.). 
 
 -point : 1. flexus, lis, m. : 
 
 t. of life, aetatis fl., Cic. de Or. i, i, 1. 
 2. cardo, inis, m. : t. of affairs, c. 
 rerum, Virg. Aen. i, 672. 
 
 turnip : 1. rapum (rarely rapa, 
 ae) : Plin. : Varr. : * brassica rapa : Linn. 
 2. rapina : Cat. : Col. 3. napus 
 (a kind of t, a. naveiv) : I'liu. : Col. 
 A little t., rapiilum, Hor. Sat. 2, 2, 4J. 
 A t.-bed, napliia, Col. 1 1, 2, 7 1. Pertain- 
 ing to t.s, t.-, rapicius. Cat. K. R. ?5, 2. 
 
 turnkey : janitor carceris, Cic. Verr. 
 
 5, 45, 118 : v. WARDER. 
 
 -pike : * repagula, obices. T.- 
 
 road : via: v. high-koad. 
 
 -spit ; * qui ^eru torquet, ver- 
 
 sat : * maehina veru versando (Kr.). A t. 
 dog, *canis culinarins. 
 
 — - -stile : * obex versatilis. 
 
 turpentine : terebinthlna resina. 
 Gels. ;, 6. The t.tree, tgrgbinthus, i.,/., 
 Plin. ij, 6, 12' -pistacia terebinthus, 
 Linn. 
 
 turpitude: 1. turpltudo, Inis,/..- 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 66. 2. dpdecus, Oris, 
 n.: id. Leg. I, 21, 5?: or expr. by cir- 
 cuml. with turpis, infamls, indecorus: 
 
 V. BASENESS. 
 
 turret: turricula: Vitr. T.'d, t- 
 
 bearing : \. turriger : t. cities, t. 
 
 urbes, Virg. Aen. 10, 25? : thf. t.-bearing 
 
 goddess (Cybele), t. dea, Ov. Fast, 4, 224. 
 
 2. turritus : Ov. : Virg. : Prop. 
 
 turtle : * testudo mydas : Linn. : 
 ♦chelonia mydas : v. TORTorsE. 
 
 -dove : L turtur, uris, m. : 
 
 Plin.: Virg. 2. *c61umba turtur: 
 Linn. 
 
 tush: phul! Plaut.: apage, Plaut. 
 
 tusk t dsns, ntis, in. : bears have 
 curved t.s an ell hrng, dentium fle.xus 
 cubitales apris, Plin. 8, 52, 78 . boars 
 whet the points of their t.s on trees and 
 stones, arbors et saxo exaciiunt apri 
 dentium sicas, id. 18, I, I : elephant's t.s, 
 d. elepliant'irum, id. 8, ?, 4. 
 
 tutelage: I. Hinority, wardship: 
 
 pupillaris aetas: Suet. Aug. 6f>, Jin. 
 
 II, Guardianship: tiitela- v 
 
 GUARDIANSHIP. 
 
 tutelary : ) 1. praeses, Jdis t. 
 
 tutelar : ) deities of the empire, p. 
 imperii d.i, Tac. IIi^t. 4, 5?. 2. '"- 
 diges, gtis: t. dcitis, uel 1., Liv. 8, 9. 
 The t. deity of a penon or place, pmius : 
 V. Smith's B;og. and Mythol. 11. 241. 
 Or expr. by circuml. with tutela: e. g., 
 Apollo the t. de'tn of Alliens, Apollo 
 cujus in tutrla Atiieuae sunt, Cic. N. D. 
 }, 22, 5; : all ye t. deities of the countr'i, 
 clique deaeque omnos quibus est tulela 
 per agros, I'lop. j, li, 41. 
 
 tutor (subs.) : 1, ediiciitor (one 
 who rears : originally used of parents or 
 foster-fathers) : tlie t. of Britannicus, 
 Britinnici e., Tac. Ann. ir, I. 2. 
 natriclus (or.e mho attends to physical 
 training): the boy's t. was regent, erat 
 in procuratioue regni n. pueri, Caes. 
 B. C. 3. 107. 3. masister : Ter. Ph. 
 882 
 
 I, 2, 21 : V. also TEACHER. 4. prac- 
 
 ceptor (an instructor) : v. teacher. 
 5. rector (a goeemor) : Tac. Ann. 
 
 1, 24. Join: custos rec torque (opp. to 
 a mere teacher), Plin. Ep. j, J : educator 
 praeceptorque, Tac. Ann. 15, 62, extr. : 
 formator morum et niagister, see Plin. 
 Ep 8, 2}. [N.B. — Paedagogns was ihe 
 slave who at tended and had charge of a 
 child. The Latin word tutor is a legal 
 guardian.] Phr.: a strict t. to youths, 
 castigator censijrque miiioium, Hor. 
 A. P. 174 : to ''6 <. to the young princes, 
 *educationi liberorum principis prae- 
 esse, Georg. : to be at of youth, formare 
 vitam juventutis ac mores, cf. Plin. Pan. 
 47, I : he kept private t.s, praeceptores 
 domi habuit, Plin. Ep. j, j: a private t., 
 *domesticus praeceptor; to take the post 
 of t., jnvenem suscipere regendum, Cic. 
 Att. 10, 6. 
 
 tutor («•) : doceo, 2, instituo, j, for- 
 mo, I, informo, i : v. teach, instruct. 
 
 — —-ship: 1 tutela: V. guard- 
 ianship. 2. magisterium : / have 
 outgrown your t., jam excessit mihi 
 aetas ex tuo magisterio, Plaut. Bac. i, 
 
 2, 40. Or expr. by circuml. with tutor. 
 twain : v. two. 
 
 twang (subs.) : 1, sonitus, lis 
 
 (gen. term) : v. noke. 2. clangor : 
 
 V. CLANG, CL\SH. 
 
 twang ("•) ■• S5n0, I : v. TO SOUND : 
 
 or expr. by subs. 
 
 tweezers : volsella. Mart. 9, 27, ; ; 
 Plaut. 
 
 twelfth : duOdecImus : the t. legion, 
 d. legio, Caes. B. G. 2, 2} : a t. part, d. 
 pars, Plin. : heir to the t. part of an 
 estate, heres ex uncia, cf. Cic. Att. i;, 
 48; heres unciarius, Ulp. For the t. 
 time, duodecimo : Inscr. : by t.s, uncia- 
 tim, Plin. 
 
 twelve : dn6d6cim : t. times, du6- 
 decies, Cic. : Liv.: t. each, t. at a time, 
 duodeni, Caes. : Cic. : Virg. : tlie number 
 t., duodficas, adis, /., Tert. : containing 
 t., duodenarius, Varr. : t. years old, 
 *duodecim annos natus, Ueorg. : of t. 
 years (in durati(m),*dii6d&c\m annorum, 
 Georg. : t. times oi miKh, *duodecim par- 
 tibus plus, Georg. : a t.-pouvder (can- 
 non), * tormentuin bellicum glubos duo- 
 denum lilirarum mittens, Goorg. 
 
 hundred : mille et diicenti : 
 
 t. each or at a time, milleni et diiceni : 
 t. times, millies et ducenties : the t. 
 hundredth, niiUesimus ducentesimus. 
 
 thousand : duodecim millia : 
 
 t. each or at a time, duodena millia ; the 
 t thousandth, duodgcies millesimus. 
 
 month: annus: v. YEAR. 
 
 twentieth : vlcesimus : Cic : Caes. : 
 the t. paii, {tax or duty of 5 per cent.), 
 vice>ima (sc. pars), Cic: Liv.; I'lin. 
 peitaining to the t. jiart, vicesiniarius, 
 Liv. 27, 10: soldiers of the t. legimi, 
 viceainiarii. lac Ann. i, 51 : for the t. 
 time, * vicesimum, Georg. every t., 
 
 * viccsimut quisque, Georg. 
 
 twenty : viglnti Cic. : t. each or at 
 a time, vi< eni, Caes. : T>iv. : t. times, 
 vicies, Caes. : t.-fold, t. times as much, 
 viiies tantum, Plin. 14, 4, 6; * vicies 
 tiinto aniplius quam quantum, Georg. : 
 tlie field bears t.fold, *ager ellert, eflficit, 
 cum vicesimo, Georg. : t. years ohl, * vig- 
 lnti annorum; viainti aimos natus. 
 
 • ieorg. : a board of t. men, vigintiviri, 
 Cic. Att. 2, 6: the office of those on 
 a board of t., vigintivlratns, Cic. Att. 
 9, 2 • ^ thousand, viginti millia: t. thou- 
 sand times, vicies millies; the t. thou- 
 sandth, vicies millesimus: peitainmg 
 to the number t., vicenarlus, Plaut. : a 
 youth of t., vicenarlus. Am.: a period 
 (ft. j/ears, vicennium. Modest.; viuinti 
 ilniii, Georg.: aperiod oft. days, vigiuti 
 dies, Cio„ Plane. J7, yo. 
 
 twice: Ws, Cic : Plaut.. etc.: t. as 
 much, bis tauto. Plant.; bis tantum, 
 Virg.: Varr. duplus (v. double): al- 
 terum tantum, Plaut.: t. as much 
 [adv.], duplicate, Plin. 2, 17, 14, fn. t. 
 as great, altero tanto major, Cic. ; t. a 
 day, bii in die, Cic. : bis die, Til>. : t. 
 daily, bis quotidle, Liv. : t. a year, bis in 
 anno, Varr. ; bis anno, Plin. : once or t.. 
 
 semel aut bis, Qnint. ; semel atque iter- 
 um, Caes.: bearing fruit t. a year, 
 bifer, era, erum, Plin. : Virg. 
 
 twig : 1. surcfilus (a live shoot) : 
 to break off a t., s. defringere, Cic. de Or. 
 J, 28, no. 2. ramiLlus (a little 
 
 branch): Cic. Div. i, 54, 12J: Plin. 
 
 3, virga : Plin. : t at. : Varr. A 
 lime-t., v., Virg. Georg. i, 266. 4. 
 sarmentum (usu. pi. : trimmings of 
 plants and trees) : Cic. : Varr. : Caes. 
 
 5. ramalia, ium, n. pi. (dead t.s), 
 Ov. Met. 8, 64; : Tac. 6. virgula : 
 V. wand. 7. scopae, arum, pi. (t.s): 
 Plin. 20, 22, 89 : Cat. : made of t.s, vir- 
 geus, Plin. 
 
 twilight; 1. crgpusciilum (of 
 
 evening) : PI. Casin. prol. 40 : Plin. : Ov. 
 
 2. diliiciilum (early dawn) : Cic. 
 Rose. Am. 7, 19: Plaut. 3. primae 
 tenebrae : Liv. ji, 2}. 4. obscura 
 lux : at sunset when it was already t., 
 per occasum soils jam o. luce, Liv. 24, 
 
 21. Phr.: t., dubiae crepuscula lucis, 
 Ov. Met. II, 596; cum luce dubiae con- 
 finia noctis, ib. 4, 401 : in the cold zones 
 there prevails only a kind of t.from the 
 frozen, snow, in zonis frigidis maligna est 
 ac pruina tantum albicans lux, Plin. 2, 
 68. 68 : there was still otdy a feeble t., 
 :idhuc dubius et quasi languidus dies, 
 Plin. Ep. 6, 20. 
 
 twin: 1. gSmlnus: t. brothers, 
 iratres g., Cic. Clu. 16,46: a t. sitter, 
 soror g. germana, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, }o. 
 T.s : gemini : there is a likeness between 
 t.s, geminorum formae stmt similes, Cic. 
 Div. 2, 4}, 90: riia shall bear t.s, gem- 
 inam partu dabit Ilia prolem, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 274 : Livia trrought Jorih male t.s, 
 Livia duos virilis sexus simul enixa est, 
 Tac. Ann. 2, &*. The t.s (a constella- 
 tion), Gemini, Plin. 18, 29, 69, } 281 ; 
 geminum aslrum, Col. 10, 1 52. 2. 
 gemellus : O t. Castor, and Castor's t.» 
 brother, gemelle Castor et gemelle Cas- 
 toris. Cat. 4, 27 : Ov. : Hor. T.-bearing, 
 gemellipiira, Ov. Met. 6, J15. 
 
 twine (subs.) : v. STRING. 
 
 twine ("■) •■ A. T r a n s. : circum* 
 volvo, }, circumplico, i: v. wind, twist. 
 T.d, tortilis. B. In trans.: to t. 
 
 round or about : 1. circumvolvo, 
 
 volvi, volutum, } (wiih reft, pron.) : a 
 plant t.ing about trees, herba arbonbus 
 c. se, Plin. 16, 44, 92. Fass. refl., ser- 
 pents t.d about each other, serpentes cir- 
 cumvolutae sibi ipsae, id. 10,62, 82. 
 
 2. circuniplector, plexus, j : to 
 t. about a tree, arborem c, Plin, 19, 4, 
 
 22. 3. complector, j- the vine t.s 
 about everything which it touches with 
 its hand-like tendrils, vitis claviculis 
 suis quasi manibus quicquid est aacta 
 c, Cic. Sen. 15, 52. 
 
 twining : lentis adhaerens brachiis, 
 Hor. Epod. 15, 6. 
 
 twinge (subs.) : dolor, gen. term 
 for pain. T.s, acres dolorum morsus, 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 5J : perh. faces do- 
 lorum, id. Off. 2, 10, J7. T.s in the 
 bowels, tormina; v. gripes. Phr.: he 
 used to suffer such t.s of conscience, ita 
 conscientia mentem excitam vexabat, 
 .Sail. Cat. 15. 
 
 twinge (."■) •■ torqueo, dolorem all- 
 cui incutio, fticio ■ v. to hurt, tor- 
 ture. To be t.d, expr. by subs., or v. 
 suffer. 
 
 twinkle : 1. mico, ui, i : the star 
 t.s, Stella m., Ov. .Met. 15, 850. 2. 
 corusco, I ; v. glitter, gleam. 3, 
 sciiitillo, 1 : V. TO sparkle. 
 
 twinkling ; no equiv. : expr. by 
 vv\h. 
 
 vertigo, inis,/'. ; Fere. 
 
 twirl (subs.) : 
 
 5. -Jft- 
 
 twirl (f.) : 
 
 iigo, } ; verso, i ; 
 
 A. Trans.: circum- 
 
 v. TIRN, SPIN. B. 
 
 1 n t r a u s. : in orbem vol vor, torqueor : 
 
 v. TURN. 
 
 twist: A. Trans.: 1. tor- 
 queo, torsi, tortum, 2 : the. se;~pent t.s hit 
 scaly coils, serpens squamosos orbes t., 
 Ov. Met. ?, 42 : to t. the face awri/, ora 
 t., Cic Off. I, }6, iji:* to t. threads, 
 stamina t., Ov. Met. 12, 475. 2. •"* 
 : torqueo, 2 : t.'d ropes, intorti fuues, Oy<
 
 r w I T 
 
 UGLY 
 
 ULTRA 
 
 Met. J, 679. 3. contorqiieo, 2: e.sp. 
 in pass. part. : Plin. 4. "bturqut-o, 2 
 (to t. riutfiitly) : esp. in pass. part. : 
 with his neck t.'d, obtorto collo, I'laut. 
 Poen. J, 5, 4;. B. In trail 8.: tor- 
 queo, flecto (with rejl. pron.). Hector 
 (reflect.) : v. turn, writhk, twine. 
 
 twit : 1. veUico, I : I'laut. 2. 
 objlcio. jeci, jectum, } : he t.s vie with 
 having hi-en at Baiae, objicit mihi nie 
 ad Biiias fulsse, Cic. Ait. i, i5. 3. 
 expnibro, i : v. ipbkaid. 4. ob- 
 
 jurgo, I : V. CHIDE, REl'HOACH. 
 
 twitch : vcUico, I . Fig.: Sen. Ep. lo, 
 fin. : V. ri.ucK, jkrk. 
 
 twitter; mlnurio, 4: Spart. : Sid.: 
 
 V. CHIRP. 
 
 twittering: mitiurliinnes: Fest. 
 
 twitting: velllcatio: Sen. 
 
 two: duo- with subs, only found in 
 pi. bini: (. camps, bina castra, Cats. B. C. 
 J, 19 : t. each. t. at a time, biiil : t. days 
 (o period), biduuni, Cic. : Cues. ■ t. years, 
 biennium, Ter. : Cic. : t. years old, bi- 
 mus, Cic. : Hor. : biniuliis (of luav). 
 Cat. ; Suet. J the age of t. years, bimiitus, 
 as. Plin.: Col.: of't. months, biraes- 
 tris, Cic. Liv. : a pig t. months old, por- 
 ous b., Hor. Od. j, 17, i;: (. pounds 
 weight, *du:is llbras pondo (valons\ 
 Georg. ; (iuapondo, Vitr. : 0/ t. pounds 
 weight, billbris, Plin. : Mart. : a t. foot 
 measure, diipondiuni, Col. : t. feet in 
 measurement (ami way), bipedalis, Cic. : 
 Caes. : t. and a half, duo semis. Pall.: 
 t. asses and a half, sestertius : in, into 
 t. parts, in twain, bif ftriam. Plant. : 
 Cic. : Liv. ; or prefix dis- : in t. paiis, 
 ways, Wpartito, Caes. : Cic. : to diride 
 into t. parts, bipartio, 4: Cic. Pro v.: 
 to kill t. birds with one stone, duo 
 parietes de eadem fidelia doalbare {to 
 whitewash t. walls from one pot). Cur. 
 in Cic. Fara. 7. 2(),J>n. 
 
 footed ; bipes, Cdis Virg. : 
 
 Mart. 
 
 -headed : 1. biceps, rlpTtis ; 
 
 Cic: Liv.: Ov. 2. anceps: Ov. Met. 
 
 '4. JJ4- 
 
 -hundred: diicenti: t. eiich, at 
 
 a time, diceni, Liv. : t. times, ducenties, 
 Cic. 
 
 -fold : 1. duplex, plTcis 
 
 (having two folds or layers, al.so opp. to 
 single). 2. dupliis (tvrice as much) : 
 to condemn a thief to restore t.. furem 
 dnpli condetnnare, Cat. R. R. pref. 
 3. gfiminus : v. double. 
 
 type : I. original model : 1. 
 exemplar, aris, n. : Cic. 2. exeni- 
 plum : V. MODEL. 3. forma : v. pat- 
 tern. II, JCmbodied or aded pro- 
 phecy: 1, imago reruin futur- 
 arum. Lactam. 2. signinciitio . id. 
 3 figura id. |j|, M'tal print- 
 ing letUrs: 1, • tjpi (t. t.). 2. 
 llterarum lormae. cf. Cic. N. D. 2, ?7,9}. 
 IV, I'rinted letters: \. litSrae, 
 pi. :' in large t., * maximis Uteris. 2. 
 ch&racteres, pi. : v. chabactf.rs. 
 
 typical : typfcus (eccl. 1. 1.) ; Sednl. 
 
 typically : expr. by subs, per typum 
 
 V. TYPE. 
 
 typify : * Imaginom (rei fuiurae) 
 fingo. 
 
 typographer : v. printer. 
 
 typographically : expr. by verb or 
 tubs. : V. PRINT. 
 
 typography ; v. pRrNTiNo. 
 
 tyrannical : 1. tyraimicus; t. 
 laxvs, t. kgis, Cia Leg. i, i;, 42. 2, 
 superbus: Plaut. : Cic. Join: super- 
 bus et regius (in the Class, sense) : cf. 
 Plin. Pan. 7, fin. 3. acerbc severus, 
 Cic. Off. }, ii.fin.: v. hau.sh. domineer. 
 P h r. : a t. disposition, t. conduct, supcr- 
 bia regia, Liv. i, 54: v. UADGHTiNhxss. 
 Join: superbia et liihumanlULi.Cic.de 
 Or. I, 22, 99; cru(iflila,s : v. cruei.tv. 
 T. government, cruddis superbaque 
 dominatio. Cic. Phil, j, 14, 54. The mob 
 is either slavish or t., nnilUtudo ant scr- 
 vit bumiliter, aut superbe doniiiiatur, 
 Llv. 24. 25. 
 
 tyrannically: 1. tyrannlcc (stronger 
 than regie) : Cic. Verr. j. 48, 1 1 5 . 2. 
 superbe: v. HAnciiTiLY. 3. regie; 
 Join: crudeliler et r, Cic. Cat. 1, 12, 
 
 ic. 4. tyrannies crudelitatc; Just, 
 or expv. by adj. or subs. 
 
 frannicide : I. The act: tfran- 
 nicidium : Plin. : Sen. ||. The killer : 
 
 I. tyraiini iii'erfector : Liv. 2. 
 tyraiinIeTd:i Suet . Plin. : Quint. 3. 
 lyraiiiMK tonus : Cit Att. 14, i;. 
 
 tyrannize: I. To govern at des- 
 l>ot : 1. d6niinor, i : Cic. : Caea. 2. 
 tyrannus sum (with gen.) : Cic Or 
 expr. by ,wfcs. : v. tyranny, tyrant. 
 
 II, To cu:t cruelly or imperiously : 
 crudellter et regie facio, Cic. : to t. over 
 any <me, tyiannice In allquem statuere, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 48, 11; ; superbe crudeliter- 
 que aliquem traclare, Justin. 42, i, 5; 
 tyraniium esse in aliquem, Cic. I'hil. 1 1, 
 8, 17; tyrannica crudelltate aliquem 
 vexare, Justin. 42, i, ? : to t. over a city 
 or state, urbeni cnideli dominatu pre- 
 mere, Cic. de lliv. i, 2;, 5!; civitatem 
 servitute oppressam tenere, id. Tusc. j, 
 20. 57. 
 
 tyranny: I. Despotic govem- 
 
 metit : 1. tj-rannis, idis, /. : Cic. 
 
 ■Piisc 2, 22, 52: Quint. 2. dOmln- 
 atio: Liv. j, jg : Cic. 3. domlnatus. 
 us: Cic: Caes.: v. sovekkianty. 
 II. Oppressii'e rule : 1. impotens 
 regnum, Liv. 2, impotens, cnidelis, 
 dominatus, Cic. Or expr. by servitus, 
 etc. : e. g., the t. of the kings, servit- 
 us regIa, Liv. 41, 6: v. oppression, 
 cruelty. 
 
 tyrant: I. I" tbe ancient sense 
 an absolute ruler : esp. one who has 
 made himself sole master of a govern- 
 ment hitherto aristocratic or democratic. 
 The word did not necessarily convey 
 the idea of oppression or Injustice to 
 individuals : 1. tyrannus : Cic. ; 
 
 Virg. : Hor. 2. dOminus : Cic. Rep. 
 2, 26, 48. [N.B. — In reference to Rome 
 dominus and tyrannus have a bad 
 sense.] ||. Gen.: a domineering or 
 cruel person : Expr. by adj. sQperbus, 
 gr&vis, saevus, crildelis: v. critel, op- 
 PRES.SIVF,; or by verb: v. domineer, 
 oppress. To play the t, v. ttbannize. 
 
 tyro: v. tiro. 
 
 TJ. 
 
 UBIQUITY: 1. infinita prae- 
 .sentia: v. Cic .V. D. 2, 2. 6, and 
 I, II, 26. 2. * omnipraesentia : not 
 class, but forineil on anal, of omni- 
 putentia: v. Macrob. -Sat. 5, 16, 8. 3. 
 in universo pracsentia: v. Cic. N. I), i, 
 4?, 120. 
 
 ubiquitous: 1. praesens Col. 
 
 J, 21, 4 : Cic. Tusc. I, 12, 28. 2. un- 
 dlque circumfusus: id. N. D. i, 14, ?7. 
 3. * ubique praesens. 
 
 , to be: *ubique eodem tempore 
 
 adsum : praesens sum. 
 
 udder: 1. uber, fris, v.: Virg. 
 Eel. 2, 42 : id. Aeli. 6, ;67 : a distended 
 «., distentum uber, Ov. M. i{, 826: pi. 
 distenta ubera, Hor. Epod. 2, 46 : u.full 
 of milk, ubera lactea, Virg. G. 2, 524: 
 libera lactis, Tib. i, }, 46. 2. sunien. 
 Tnis (esp. of a sotv): Pers. i, 5J. PI. 
 Cure. 2, J, 44. 
 
 Ugliness: 1. deformltas: Cic. 
 
 de Or. 2, 59. 2J8. 2. foeditas: id. 
 
 Fin. J, II, ?8. 3. pravltas niembro- 
 rum: id. Tusc. 4, I J, 29. 4. inlomi- 
 itas (late) Solin. Adv. 20 : TertuU. 
 Hermog. 42. 5. turpitudo corporis 
 Apul. Mag. I J, p. 28?, Elm. 
 
 Uglily; 1. incondite: Join, in- 
 condite monstriiose : Cic I'iv. 2,71, 146. 
 
 2. turpiter: Ov. Am. 2, l^. 20. 
 
 3. Informiter : sounds u., i. sonat, 
 Aug. Conf. 12, 29. 
 
 Ugly ; I. ''•'"• *^™^ ■ !• ^*'' 
 
 form\s:'n-hut more foul and u.f quid 
 foedius et defonnius? Cic. Tusc. 4. 16, 
 J?. 2. infonnis: an u. monster, num- 
 slrum.... Infiinne, Vitp. Ayii. ?, 658: 
 an u. colour, inloriuis color, Tibiill. 4, 4. 
 6. 3. foediw (•lisgusting): noio he 
 ferns to you u., nunc tibi videtur foe<ius, 
 Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 17. 4. tctcr, ra, rum 
 
 (coarse, revolting) : most u. qf counten- 
 ance, teterriina vultu, Juv. 6, ^iB. 
 Join: vullus horridiis oc teter. Suet. 
 Cal. 50. 5. oh»if iius (filthy) : an 
 
 u. face, fron^ ob.--cena, Vlrg. Aen. 7, 
 din : filthy hags '. obscena.* anus! Hor. 
 Epod. 5, 98. 6. squalldus; Cic. Or. 
 }2, 115. 7. Met.: ater, ra, rum: 
 
 opp. to formo8U8 an u.fitit, ater pixels, 
 Hor. A. P. }. II. MetoM. : of moral 
 qualities O) plied to physical : 1. tur- 
 pis, e 1/ V"" became uglier. . ., si fiercD 
 turpior,' lior. Od. 2, 8. 4. J o i n : a.H- 
 pectus delomiis atque tiirpis, Cic, Off. 1. 
 J5. 126. 2. m&lus: not an u. wo- 
 man, non mala mulier, PI. Barch. 5. 1, 
 46: ail u. face, mala facies, Quint. 6. 
 }■ 52. 3. pravus : if any u. parts 
 in the limbs, si qua In membris prava. 
 Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46. 4. inliOnestui 
 (disfiguring) : an u. vonnd, inhouest- 
 um vulnus, Virg. Aen. 6. 497. 6. 
 indgcorus : v. itnbkcoming. |||, 
 
 M eta ph. (serious). \, grAvlK, e. 
 anu. vx>und, grave vulnus Liv. 2, 17: 
 lb. 47. 2. pfiriculosus: Cic. Phil. 14, 
 9, 26. 
 Ugly, to make : 1. defurmo. 1 : 
 
 Hirt. Alex. 24. 2. t'lrpo, 1 : n-rinfriei 
 make thee u., rugae nirpant, Hor. Od. 
 4, I?, 12. 3. deiurpo, 1: Plin. 
 
 15, 16, 18. 4. dedei6ri>. 1 (poeL): 
 Prop. J, 21, 16. 5. ind6c6ro, i : Hor. 
 
 Od. 4, 4, j6; v. TO SPOIL, DEFACE, DE- 
 FILE. 
 
 ulcer: I. G*n- term: 1. ul- 
 cus, or hulcus, firis, n. ; the opening at 
 the top of the u., sumnium ulceris os, 
 Virg. Georg. j, 454: us cicatrise u-ith 
 difficulty, ulcera cicatricem vix recipi- 
 unt, Cels. 4, 9. 2. »bsce,s!ins, lis: 
 Cels. 5, 18, 2. 3. suppuratio: id. j. 
 
 27, 4. 4, v5nilca : i<l. 2. 8 ■ Cic. N. I). 
 i, 28, 70. 5. carbuncillus : PUn. 26, 
 I, 4: Cels. 5, 28, I. 6. ipontfma, 
 n.: Plin. 25, i ?, 105. 7. cancr6- 
 ma, n. : in an animal : Veget. Veter. 
 4, 19, 2 : but the reading doubtful. 8. 
 cancer, Cris, m.: C*ls. 5, 2f>, ji. -< 
 small u., * ulcnsculum : .Med. ||. 
 Chiefly local : 1. fistula (in the rec- 
 tum): f. putris, Nep. Att 21: Cels. j, 
 
 28. 12 : bat used also of the eye. Id. 
 7, 7, 7. 2. carcinoma (<capKa-ufia) 
 chiefly on the face and upper parU: 
 Cels. 5, 28, 2 . Suet. Aug. 6;. 3. can- 
 chrema (in the eyes of a Imrse): Vegct. 
 Veter. 2, 22, I5- 4. epinyctis, /. or 
 syce, /. (in the eye) : Plin. 20, 6, 21. 
 
 5. aiytAoiJ/. utto? (in the eye): 
 Cels. 7, 7, 7 : aegilopas, ace, Plin. J5, 6, 
 14. 6. "piO^ (in the eyelid) : Cels. 7, 
 7, 2. 7. us in the moulh, ulcera oris 
 quae Graeci a<bOa<; noiniiiaiit, id. 1, i. 
 P h r. : to heal ulcers : 1. ulcus Impleo : 
 Cels. 5, 6, 14. 2. crustas ulceribu* 
 induco, ib. 9. 
 
 ulcerate : A. T r a n u. : «o affect 
 vitk an ulcer, to make sine: \, ul- 
 cero, I; Hur. S. I, 6, io6: Cic. Fat 16, 
 j6. 2. exuloOro, i : Cels. 4, 22 : CoL 
 7, 9. 5- B. Intrans.: to be formed 
 into an ulcer : suppuro, I : Plin. 12, 14, 
 
 16 v. SUPPURATE. 
 
 ulcerated : ulcOratus, but more com- 
 monly eMiloeratus: Cels,: an 11. $ore 
 throat, »iyiiaiiclie (lit. throlUing) ulcer- 
 osa, or •i-ynanche maligna: Med.: v. 
 
 TJIvCEROCa 
 
 ulceration: 1. uiovatio Sea. 
 
 Const. Sap. 6: Plin. 54. "• 2"7- 2. 
 
 exuUi^ratlo : C.ls. 4, 2 2. 
 
 ulcerous (y"" ".' uUert): uWrOens: 
 Tac A. 4. 57- 
 
 ulterior: A.os to place: u\\f- 
 rior: u. Gallia. Cic. Prov. n. j6. B. 
 as to time: poslerus: <ihat it u. and 
 subsequent, posierum et c>ns.quens, id. 
 Fin. J, Q, ?2. I'h r. : to consider u. mea- 
 sures, consiilere in longitudlnera. Ter. 
 Heaiit. 5, 1, to: "'"1' >* "-. quoJ """ 
 est. Hor. Od. 2, i^. 25. 
 
 ultimate: ui'i"'U9- ^•'•*'^- , 
 ultimately : "J postremum. •d ex- 
 tremum : v. L,^^T. AT. 
 
 ultra (dnioling extrene ofrtnioyd : 
 expr. br SHjxrf.: an u. aris!o'-nU- L 
 j)obiUtaU« stuifioBiisimui, \. Cic- Acad.
 
 ULTRAMARINE 
 
 4, lO, 125 : 2. OplO'TO«paTt<«OTOTOS, 
 
 UNACCUSTOMED 
 
 UNADVISED 
 
 id. 
 
 caeruleus, or 
 
 2. cyaneus 
 
 cyaneo, PUu. 
 
 Att. 1, 15 : anu. liberal, homo maxime 
 
 popularis, id. Cluent. 18, 77 : comp. id. 
 
 Sebt. 45, 96. 
 
 ultramarine : 1. 
 
 eaeriilus: Virg. : Caes. 
 (of kingfishers): colore 
 10, ii, 47. 
 ultramontane: 1. transmon- 
 
 tanus: Liv. J9, 2. 2. transalpinus : 
 Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28: u. doctrine, *Ponti- 
 ficiorura doctrina : Mosheim. 
 
 ultramontanist : *Romanae sedis 
 et poleiitiae vindex : Moslieim. 
 
 ultra-pro testant: *i'rotestaniium, 
 nt vocantur, doctrinae vehementissimus 
 assertor. 
 
 umbel, vmihella, (.of plants): *um- 
 
 bella: Bot. iiimm., •umbelliila: Bot. 
 
 umber : I. ^ fisii. .- • saimo thy- 
 mallus: Cycl. 1|. A kind of earth: 
 * terra iuaci coloris. 
 
 umbered ("/ t>^ colour of umber): 
 
 fusCUS : V. DUSKY, .SHADKD. 
 
 umbilical : 1. umMlicatus : Plin. 
 15,4,7: the u. cord, * ductus u. : Med. 
 2. umbilicaris : TertuU. Carm. Chr. 
 X). 
 
 umbrage: I. Foliage: 1. 
 
 Tiuihrae, pi. : nor had I'elinn u., nee 
 habebat Pelion umbras, Ov. Met. 12, 
 51J. 2. umbraculum: Apiil. Met. 9, 
 }2, p. 2J2, Elm. II. Offence : v. 
 OFFKNCE. To take u. at : v. offend, I., 
 1., 2. 
 
 umbrageous : umbrosus, opacus : V. 
 
 SHAUV. 
 
 umbrella: umbella: Mart. 14, 28, 
 in lemm. .- Juv. 9, 50. 
 
 tree (<* 'i^"'"i of magnolia): 
 
 •magnolia tripetala; Bot. 
 
 umpire : 1. arbiter, ri : did you 
 take the sameman as u. andjwige f eun- 
 demne tu arbitrum et judicem sumebas ? 
 Cic. Rose. Com. 4, 12. 2. disceptator, 
 TO. : Cic. Part, j, 10 : an u. between 
 father and son, dlsceptalor inter patrem 
 et fillum, Liv. i, ;o. 3. disceptatrix, 
 /. : Cic. Acad. 4, 28, 91. For phrr., to 
 appoint an «., etc., v. arbitrator. For 
 difference between arbiter and discepta- 
 tor, V. also arbitrator. 
 
 jljl , This prefix gives a negative 
 
 BigniHcation to the word before which 
 it stands, and may be prefixed at plea- 
 sure to almost iiny Eng. subs., adj., or 
 verb. In many cases there is no single 
 Lat, equivalent to the neg, word thus 
 formed, hut the neg. force may be given 
 by prcfi.\iug a Lat. neg. part., as non, 
 baud, minus, minime, parum, nequa- 
 quain. sint", iiondum, etc., or some word 
 denoting defect, as careo, desum, etc., to 
 the wold of positive signification, to 
 which word the reader will in many of 
 the foil. arts, be referred. 
 
 unabashed: A. in good sense: 
 1. iatenitus: m. ndlnesses, firmi et 
 interriti, Quint. 5, 7, 11. 2. iulrC- 
 pidus : Ov. Met. i j, 478 : T.^c. H. 1, 3$ : 
 V. dauntless. P h r. : w. by defeat : re- 
 pulsae nescius, Hor. Od. j, 2, 17 : B. 
 In bad sense : 1, inipudens: Cic. Fam. 
 5, 1 2. 2. inverecunilus . an u. brow, 
 iiiverecunda Irons, Quint. 2, 4. 16. 3, 
 atlritus: Juv. ij, 242. 4. impiger, 
 ra, rum (poet.)- Virg. Aen. 1, 778: v. 
 
 SHAMELESS. 
 
 unabated: '«'• undiminished, inces- 
 sant. 
 
 unable : wsu. in Eng. joined with a 
 verb, to do or to be ... ; 1. impotens : 
 u. to control (their horses), impotentes 
 regendi, Liv. ;?, 11: it. to control his 
 anyer, impotens irae, id. J9, 9. 2. 
 iuvalTdus : u. to walk, invalidus ad in- 
 grediecdum, Gell. 20, i, 11. 3. a "fg- 
 adv., pref. to polens : I was u. to restrain 
 myself, jwlens mei non eram, (;urt. 4, 
 I J, 25 : / was u. to refuse to give, non 
 potui non dare, Cie. Att. 8, 2, post in. 
 4. nequeo, ire, i tum, 4 : / was u. 
 to behold thee..., te... nequivi con- 
 spicere, Virg. Aen. 6, 507 : nequiens, 
 part, of nequeo, but not freq. in use : u. 
 to hiild up their bodies, sustlnere corpora 
 nequeuntes, SalU Frag, i: u. to make 
 a suitable end, nequiens idoneum exi- 
 884 
 
 tum reddere, Apul. Met. 8, 14, p. 207, 
 Elm. 
 
 unabolished: v. to abolish, ln- 
 altebed, UNCHANGED. Phr. : that cus- 
 tom .. . remained u., ille mos... per- 
 mansit, Cic. Leg. 2, 2i, 6?. 
 
 unabsolved : 1. nondum soiatus, 
 abs(5iritus: V. to absolve, to acquit, 
 UNAOiUiTTED. 2, reus: Ov. Her. 16, 
 }M- 
 
 unaccented: 1. era vis: Qmut. 
 
 I, 5. 22 : Prise. 14, 1,6: de Ace. 2. 2. 
 eucliticus: Prise. 14, i. 3. accentu 
 carens : v. accent. 
 
 unacceptable: 1. ingratus: u. 
 
 jests, ingratijoci, Ov. Fast. J, 7J8. 2. 
 gravis : an u. messenger, gravis nunlius, 
 Virg. Aen. 8, 582. 3. invisus: a 
 
 speech u. to the gods, invisa diis oratio, 
 Cic. Manil. 16, 47. 4. injQcundus: 
 id. Q. F. }, 8, J. 5. importunus : u. 
 poverty, im. pauperies, Hor. Od. j, 16, 
 J7 : V. unwelcome. 
 unaccompanied: \. Gen. term: 
 
 1. incomltatus: virtue u. by out- 
 ward advantages, extemis vittus in- 
 comitata Ixjnis, Ov. Pont. 2, j, ;6. 2. 
 non comitatus: id. Am. i, 6, jj. 3. 
 solus : Ter. Hee. 4, i, 42. 4. simplex : 
 Cic. N. D. 2, II, 29. 5. expr. by sine: 
 sine arbitris: Liv. i, 21 : sine uxore, 
 Cic. Mil. 10, 28. 6. remotis arbitris, 
 Liv. 2, 4. Phr.: u. by any Greek at- 
 tendants, nullis Graecis^comitibus, Cic. 
 Mil. 10, 28. II, Voice vnthout a mus. 
 instr.: 1. assa vox: Non. Marc. p. 
 77. 2. sine symphonia, Plin. 10, 29, 
 
 4J ; V. TO accompany, ALONE, .SINGLE. 
 
 unaccomplished: 1. infeetus: 
 
 Hor. Od. J. 29, 47 : the object being u., 
 infecta re, Liv. 9, J2. 2. imperfectus: 
 an u. work, imperfectum opus, Ov. Pont. 
 4, 16, i;. Phr.: u. answers of sooth- 
 sayers, responsa. . . quae nullos haberent 
 exitus, Cic. Div. 2, 24, 52: to ft« «., su- 
 peresse: Enn. ap. Gell. I, 22, 16: to 
 leave u., sine effectu lelinquere, Liv. 4, 
 
 7: V. INCOMPLETE, UNFINLSHED. 
 
 unaccountable : 1. _ine.xplica- 
 
 bilis: Liv. 37, 52. 2. inenodabilis : 
 Cic. Fat. 9, 18. Join: impiovisus ac 
 repentinus amor, id. Agr. 2, 22, 60. 
 Phr.: crime is u., nullum scelus ratio- 
 nem habet, Liv. 28, 28 : a thing which he 
 thinks u., cujus rei putat iste rationem 
 reddi non posse, Cic. Caecin. 6, 17 : v. in- 
 explicable, accountable. 
 unaccountably : 1. praeter 
 
 opiniouem, Nep. Milt. 2. 2. piaeter 
 spem, PI. Rud. 2, J, 69. 3. sine cau.sa: 
 i/ic horse fell u., sine causa repcnte con- 
 cidit, Cic. Div. I, J$, 77. 4. repente : 
 Cic. Att. 2, 21, I. Phr. : the .'<amaeans 
 revolted quite u., incertum quani oh cau- 
 sam Samaei desciverunt, Liv. }Z, 28 : 
 tempists are excited u., nulla ex certa 
 ratione tempestates excitantur, Cic. Mur. 
 17, j6 : v. unusually, 
 unaccustomed : 1. insOittus : 
 
 an army a. to toil, iiisolitus ad laborem 
 e.xercitus, Caes. B. C. j, 8; : with no 
 obj. expr, you compel' uomcn to come 
 forward (I'ho are) u. {to do w), leininas 
 iiiboUtas prodire cogis, Cic. Verr. i, 58, 
 94. 2. insuetus- (i. with obj. expr): 
 u. to reproach, insuetus contumeliae 
 (gen. or dot.), Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2 : mew u. 
 to labour, homines insueti lalwris (ye?!.), 
 Caes. B. G. 7, jo: to Roman customs, 
 moribns Romanis (dat. or abl.), Liv. 28, 
 18: to bear burthens,aA onera portanda, 
 Caes. B. C. I, 78 : to such a sight, ad tale 
 spectaculum, Liv. 41, 20: to sailing, 
 navigandi, Caes. B. G. 5, 6 : to hear truth, 
 vera audire, Liv. ji, 18 : to be conquered, 
 vinci, id. 4, ;i- (ii- with no obj. expr.) : 
 an u. solitude.insueta. soUtudo, id. ?, ?2 ; 
 by an u. road, Insuetum per iter, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 16. 3. insSlens : (i. with no 
 obj. expr.): Hor. Od. i, 5, 8. (ii. with 
 obj. mostly in gen.) : u. to ii-ar, insolens 
 belli, Caes. B. C. 2, ;6 : u. to hear what 
 he was doing, audiendi quae faceret. lac. 
 A. 15, 67. 4. inexpertus: u. to re- 
 proach,ad contumeiiam inexpertus, Liv. 
 6, 18: to wars, beliis inexpertus (ilat. or 
 abl.), Tac. H. i, 8 : to insolence, lasciviae 
 (gen.), id. A. 16, 5. 5. inceutaius: a 
 
 woman u. to the yoke, inteiitata jugo 
 (abl.). Sen. Med. 62. 6. indoctus : u. 
 to hear tlte yoke, juga ferre, Hor. Od. 2. 
 6, 2. 7. indomilus : a bullock u. to 
 the yoke, bos indomitus, Vulg. Jerem. 
 xxxi. 18. 8. riidis; u. to war, rudis 
 belli, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 47 : also without 
 obj.. rudis puer, id. Od. }, 24, 54. 
 unacknowledged: 1. tectus: 
 
 «. loiv, amor t., Ov. Rem. 619. 2, 
 
 inornatus (poet.) : Hor. Od. 4, 9, ji. 
 
 3. sgpultus: id. Ep. 2, i, 88: v, 
 
 to acknowledge, to HIDE, TO CONCEAL, 
 
 unacquainted: 1. ignarus- (i. 
 with no object expr.) ; me igiiaro, Cic. 
 Plane. 16, 40. (Ii. with object in gen.): 
 u. ivith the facts, ignarus rcrum, id. 
 Phil. 2, 15, 37 : u. both with thepeople and 
 tlie places, ignari hominuraque loco- 
 rumque, Virg. Aen. i, J 52: u, witli the 
 way to make and to polish a speech, fa- 
 ciundaeacpoliendae orationis, Cic. de Or. 
 I, 14, 6;. 2. inscius : u. with every- 
 thing and inexperienced, omnium re- 
 rum inscius et rudis, id. Brat. 85, 292. 
 
 3. nescius : a mind u. with llie 
 future, nescia mens fati sortisque fu- 
 turae, Virg. Aen. 10, 501 : v. unaware. 
 
 4. expers (devoid of) : u. with 
 Greek literature, expertes Graecarum 
 literarum, Nep. praef : loith love, amoris, 
 PI. Pseud. I, 5, 8 J. Join: vestri sensuB 
 ignarus atque expers, Cic. Mil. 27, l2. 
 
 5. imp6ritus : «. with the facts, im- 
 peritl rerum, Ter. Andr. 5, 4. 8 : v. 
 UNSKILLED. 6. novus (a stranger) : 
 u. with the delinquencies of the enemy, 
 delictis hostium novus, Tac. Agr. i6 
 
 V. STRANGE, stranger. 7. SO ^'so, 
 
 iilienus: u. with literature, alienus a 
 Uteris, Cic. Rose. Am. 16, 46. 8. is- 
 notus (unknown) : those who were u. 
 with him (i. e. persons unknown to him) 
 despised his appearance, ignoti faciem 
 ejus contemnebant. Nep. Ages. 8 : since 
 we are not praising befme people v. 
 with the case, quoniam non apud ignotos 
 laudemus, Auet. ad Her. j, 6, 12. 
 
 unadapted : inutills : Cic. Fm. I, 4. 
 12. Phr.: u. for war, non sat idoneus 
 pugnae, Hor. Od. 2, 19,26. 
 
 unadmired: in&matns: 81112,527. 
 
 unadmonished : sine monitlone 
 sine m(..nitu sine admonltione : Sen. 
 Ep. 94, 50. Phr. : forgetful if u., im- 
 memor, nisi admonitus, PI. Poeud. 4, 7, 
 2 ; V. to admonish. 
 
 unadorned; 1. inomiitus: hair 
 w., comae inunialae, Ov. Her. 8, 10: 
 hysias, an u. (ivriter), inornatus scrip- 
 tor, Cic. Or. 9, 29. 2. incomlus: an 
 u. speech, incomta oratio, Cic. Or. 2}, 78 : 
 inconitum caput, Hor. Epod. 5, 16. 
 Join- ars iiulotata et incomta: Cic. 
 de Or. I, 55, 254. 3. nudns : tlie 
 
 u. commentaiies of Caesar, commen- 
 
 tarii iiudi, orani ornatu detracto, 
 
 Cic. Brut. 75, 262. 4. simplex: «. in 
 neatness, simplex munditiis, Hor. Od. i, 
 5,5- 5. merus : u. prose, serino merus, 
 id. S. I, "4, 48. 6. ptirus: toga pura 
 (without the stripe), Phaedr. j, 10, 10: 
 argenlum purum (not chased or erh' 
 bossed), Cie. Verr. 4, 22, 49 : pura 
 or.itio, Ter. Heaut. prol. 46. 7. sin- 
 cerus : sincerae genae, Ov. A. A. j, 202 : 
 
 v. TO ADOIIN, ORNAMENT, ORNAMENTED. 
 
 unadornedly: inornaie: to speak u., 
 inornate dicere, Auct. ad Her. 4, }i, 42: 
 *sine ornamentis. 
 
 unadulterated : 1. sincerus (opp. 
 
 to fucatus) : Cie. Am. 25, 95 : u. wine, 
 vinum sincerum. Col. 12. 45, 6. Join: 
 sincerus atque verus: Cic: sincerus et 
 integer: Tac. 2. nigrus: ib. j, 21, 
 10. 3, integer: u. taste, integer sa- 
 por, Hor. S. 2, 4, 54. 4. sine ftico et 
 fallaciis: Cic. Att. I, I, I : v. genuine. 
 unadventurous : inaudax: Hor. 
 
 Od. 5, 20, f : V. TIMID, retiring. 
 
 unadvisable: 1. inutllis: not 
 
 promising sucass: Caes. B. G. 7, 27. 
 
 2. iniprudens : Petron. S. 102, j. 
 
 Phr.: he thought it u., negavit esse 
 
 utile, Cic. Off. j, 27, 100: v. fo<jli!-h, 
 
 UNWISE, IMPRIDKNT. 
 
 unadvised: 1. inconsultus: an 
 u. plan, incousulta ratio, Cic. Kab. Post.
 
 U X A D V I S E D L Y 
 
 UNANIMOUSLY 
 
 UNAPT 
 
 1, 2. 2. Inconsldgratus : id. Quint. 
 25, 8o. Plir. : the u. tpeculations of 
 Epicui-us, ()uae Kpiciinis o.-.citans halu- 
 ciuatus pst, id. N. I), i, 26, 72 : v. kscon- 
 
 &IOEBATE, RECKLESS. 
 
 unadvisedly : 1. imprudentcr : 
 Cic. Att. 10, 8. 2. temCre: Join: 
 temere et nuUo consilio, id. Inv. i, 54, 
 58. 3. incon.sulu- : Join: Inconsulte 
 ac temere, id. N. i>. i, 16, 4}. 4. sine 
 consilio : Caes. B. G. •;, 20. 
 
 unaffected: 1. simplex (naturoZ): 
 the u. Nymphs, simplices Nymphae, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 8, 14. Join: simplices mlnlme- 
 que fallaces, CIc. Off. I, 19, 6j : aperti 
 et simplices, ib. I, }o, 109. 2. can- 
 didus: an u. style of sptakiny, candidum 
 genus dicendi. id. Or. 16, 5i : candldus 
 Herodotus, Quint. 10, i.^j. 3. inaffec- 
 tatus: the u. sweetness of Xenoj^if/n. ju- 
 cunditas Xenoplioiilis InafTectata, ib. 82. 
 
 4. sinccrus (opp. to simulatus) : 
 Cic. Am. 25, q?. 5. nudus : nuda 
 Veritas, Hor. Od. I, 24, 7. 6. ^- 
 cllis (opp. to artificial): .Join: con- 
 victus facilis, sine arte niensa. Mart. 
 10, 47, 8. 7. sine arte : v. 6. 8. 
 sine molestia : careful but u. elegance, 
 sine molestia diligciis elepmtia. Cic. 
 Brut. }8, 14}. 9. non luco illitus : 
 Cic. de Or. j, 52, 199. 
 
 unaifectedlv : 1. stmplTclter : 
 Join: sinipliciter sine ulla e.xoma- 
 tione, Cic. Inv. 2, j, 11. 2. sine fuco 
 et fallaciis, id. Att. i, i. 
 
 unaffrighted : v. undaunted. 
 
 unaided: L non adjutus: Nep. 
 Milt. 2, I'boc. 2. 2. nudus ; you ste 
 him left u. in the cause, nudum in causa 
 destitutum videtis, Olc. Caecin. J2, 9J. 
 Join: vacuus et nudus: Quint. 11, 2, 
 42. 3. auxillo spoliatus : Cic. Red. 
 4, 10. 4. inops au.xilii : Llv. j, 7. 
 
 5. sine ope: Cic. Att. 16, 1?, 6. 
 Phr. : u. by friends, inops amiooruni, 
 Cic. Am. 1 5, 5} : inops ab amicis, Auct. 
 Dom. 22, 58 ; u. by lelatices, nulla cog- 
 nalione niuiiilus : Cic. Quir. Rfd. 6, 16: 
 wkollii «.. orbus auxilique opuuiquc. I'l. 
 Rud. 2, ?, 19 : by my onn u. effort, luil- 
 lius {al. nuUis) adminiculis, sed, ul 
 dicitur, Marte nostro, Cic. Off. ?, 7, ?4 : 
 by his oirn u. effort, Marte suo, id. Phil. 
 
 2, J7. 95 ^ ''™ ''^* wholly 71.. hal)eo 
 hie neminem neque amicuni, Ter. Kun. 
 
 1, 2, 69 : that he might not be wholly u., 
 ne omiiino desfrtus esset, Cic. Rose. Am. 
 
 2, 5: foice u. by counsel, vis consili 
 expers, Hor. O. }, 4, 65 : v. alone, soli- 
 
 TABV. 
 
 unalienable, to be: aiienan non 
 
 debeo, v. Cic. Vnr. 4, 60, 1 54. P li r. : 
 viiiue is 11., nee eripi nee surripi potest 
 unquani, Cic. i'ar. 6, J: v. inamicnable. 
 
 unalienated : propnus : Join: 
 propruis ac pfiprtuus, Cic. Manil. 16. 
 48. i'hr. : iihile his property was still 
 u.. In possessione bonoruni cum esset, 
 id. Caecin. 7,19: v. to alienate. 
 
 Tinalleviated : v. to alleviate, 
 TO relieve. 
 
 unallied (esp. in family) : 1. 
 allemis : not u. in blimd to kings, non 
 alienus sanguine regibus, Liv. 29, 29. 
 2. dis-socialus: Ov. Met. i, 25. 3, 
 nulla societate junctus : Liv. 5, 4. 4. 
 non afiinltate conjunctus : Nep. Paus. 2 : 
 V. allied. 
 
 unallotted: non sorte datus, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 4!i : non sortc adsignatus, lirut. 
 ap. Cic. Ivini. 11, 20. 
 
 unallowable: 1. iliidius: Cic 
 Cluent. 47, I JO. 2. inconci'ssus : ti. 
 nuptials, inconcessi byinenaei, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 651. 3. vglltus: vetiti hy- 
 nienaei. ib. 6, 62; : v. unlawful. 
 
 unallowed : Impermissus, Hor. Od. 
 
 j6, 27 : v. Til DISALI/)W, UNLAWFUL. 
 
 unalloyed : I. <>/ metals -. l. 
 purus : Join: puruni et iiicorruptum 
 (aurum) : Plin. jj, 4, 26. 2. nierus : 
 u. goUi and silver, nurmn aurum atque 
 argentum, PL Asin. i, j, }. ||. 
 Fig: 1. nudus : u. rirtue, nuda virtus, 
 Pctr. 88. 2. '.Iqu-dus : u. and free 
 pleasure, liquida voluptas et libera, Cic. 
 Fin. 1, 18, 58. Phr.: to enjoy u. 
 pleaturet, perfrui maximis et animi 
 
 et corporis voluptatibus, ib. 57 : v. 
 
 UNMIXED. 
 
 unalterable: v. nscHANOEAbLE. 
 unaltered : v. c.nchakged. 
 unambiguous : certus, Ov. Met. 5, 
 
 296: V. AMlilUUULS, CLKAB, I'LAIN, l-BE- 
 
 CISE. 
 
 unambiguously : ciare : .loin: 
 
 clare certunniur lixutus, Hor. S. 2, 6, 27 : 
 
 V. CLEARLY, ILAINLV, J'KECLSKLV. 
 
 unambitious : 1. "su. expr. by 
 neg. as, miniinc anibiliosus: Cic. Kani. 
 I}, I : nun ambilione adductus : ib. : v. 
 AMBITIOUS. 2. inainbitiosus (rare) : 
 Ov. Met. II, 765. 3. inglorius: Virg. 
 Georg. 2, 486. 4. humilis: an u. 
 speech, h. oratio, Cic. Or. 57, 192 : homo 
 h., id. AtU 9, 7, A. 5. quietus: 
 to pass an u. life, quietam vitam tra- 
 ducere. Id. Sen. 2?, 82. 6. sobrius : 
 
 Hor. Od. 2, 10, 8. 7. obscurus: id. 
 Ep. I, 18,94. 8. mOilestus : CIc. Att. 
 I J, 29. P li r. : to be u., gloriam non 
 sequi : v. Cic. Fara. 10, 26 : baud ad 
 immortal itatem gloriae niti, id. Sen. 2J, 
 82 : vitam silentio transire. Sail. Cat. i : 
 honores non petere, Nep. Att. 6 : v. un- 
 assuming. 
 
 unamenable : InobsSquens (late) : 
 horses u. to the reins, inobsequentes freriis 
 equi, .Sen. Hipp. ic68 : v. amenable. 
 
 unamiabie: 1. in'miabiiis: virg. 
 Georg. 4, 479. 2. diff icilis : Ter. Heaut. 
 }. 2, 24. 3. morosus : Join: morosi 
 et anxii et Iracuiidi et diflBciles senes: 
 Cic. Sen. 18, 65. 4. tristis: the u. 
 sisters (Fates), tristes sororcs, Tib. ?, j, 
 ?5. 5. tetricus : Join: telricus 
 
 censor el asper. Mart. 12, 70, 4: v. 
 
 AMIABLE, ItOUOH. 
 
 unamiableness : difflcllis naiura. 
 Nep. Att. ^ : V. KouGHNi-:ss. severity. 
 
 unamiably : 1. truciilente : Cic. 
 Agr. 2, 5, I?. 2. morose: id. Brut. 
 
 67. 2J6: V. KoUGHLV. 
 
 unanimity : 1. uniSnimTtas : bro- 
 therly «., fraterna unanimitas, Liv. 40, 8. 
 2. consensio : entire u. of inclina- 
 tions, etc., voluntatuni .... sumiiia con- 
 sensio, Cic. Am. 4. 15: u. among all 
 goiid men, in omnibus bonis consensio, 
 id. Cat. I, ij, J2. 3. consensus, us: 
 u. aiming all is the voice of nature, 
 omnium consensus naturae vox est, id. 
 I'usc. I, 15, H. Join: omnmm con- 
 sensus doctriiiarum concentusque, id. de 
 Or. },6, 21. 4. Concordia: the senate 
 broke up the u. of the ranks, senatus or- 
 dinum concordiani di.sjunxit, id. Att. i, 
 18, 4. 6. conspiratio: the u. of all 
 good men, conspiratio bononmi omnium, 
 id. Cat 4, 10, 22. 6. unltas (late) : 
 Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 5. Phr.: in which 
 there is complete «., de quo omnes uno 
 ore consenliuut, id. Am. 2?. 86: consi- 
 dering our u., pro niutuo inter nos 
 animo, id. Fain. 5, 2: v. agkeement, 
 
 UNION. 
 
 unanimous : 1. unanimus (not 
 in Cic): Liv. 7, 21 : CatuU. 27, i. 2. 
 iinanimis, e: Cl:\ud. Prob. et Olybr. 2?i : 
 Id. Kpigr. J2 (57), J. 3. concors, dis: 
 Viig. Aen. 6, 828. 4. expr. by ilnl- 
 versus : against the u. roice of nature, 
 contra universam naturnm, Cic. Off. I, 
 ji, no. Phr.: all men are «., omnes 
 ad unum idem sentiunt.ttc. Am. 2J. 86 : 
 omnes sentiuiit unum atque idem, id. 
 Cat. 4, 7, 14: authors are toierablyu. in 
 reporting, satis constans inter omnes 
 anctores fam:i est, .Just. 25, 5 : c "• "'•''''' 
 of the younger men, concursus omnium 
 t'errae Junioriim, Liv. 10, 25 : v. ONi- 
 VERsAL, TO agkee, and next art. 
 
 unanimously: 1. concorditer: 
 
 Ov. Met. "7, 752 : tocarryon varmore u., 
 concordius bellum gerere, Llv. 4, 45. 
 2, ex communi consensu. Cji''s. B. G. 
 I. JO." 3, consensu oinniimi n. a;>- 
 protjerf. omnium consensu comprobatum, 
 Cic. DW. 1,6, II. 4. consensu: whicJi 
 is u. amimended, quae consensu laii- 
 datur, Pliii. 17, 5, J ?9- 5., una 
 
 voce : almost u., una pene voce, Cic. de 
 Or. I, If. 46. 6. uno ore : all u. re- 
 commended, iimnes uno ore aurlores 
 fuere, Ter. Pliorin. 4, }, 20. 7. una 
 mente: afl men u. Offree, una mente 
 
 coDsentlunt, Cic. PbiL 4, ), 7. Joid: 
 uno animo, ana meuie, Uv. 10, 21. %, 
 Expr. also by i>mnei>, univerbl, cuDcti, 
 etc.: the Trojans u. aoented, cuacti 
 simul ore freniebant, Virg. Aen. 1, 559: 
 u-e u. a^k far peace, pacim U: poscimuh 
 omnes, ib. 11, }62. I'b r. Wk prupU u. 
 
 made him king, populus universub 
 
 eundem regem constituit. Just, i, 10 : 
 he U appiiinted leader u., con^lllaltur 
 dux onmium suffragio, Ib. : there wot 
 never any doubt that the Homan people 
 would 11. make you a/nnd, iiunquam 
 fuit dubium. quin te populus Ronianus 
 cunctis suffrages coiisulem lacturu.<i 
 esset, Cic. Kam. 15, 12 the tlane u u. 
 acquitted, omnibus gentenlils ubsolviiur, 
 id. Verr. 4, 45, 100 : wtien all voted u. 
 on his side, qiium omnes .... in sen- 
 tentiani ejus pedibus irent, Liv. 9, 8 : 
 all u. approre of \'ercingetorix. ad unum 
 omnes .... probant. Cues. B. G. 7, 6|; 
 whatever we have u. determined, quid- 
 quid de communi senienlia bialuerimiu, 
 Cic. Fan). 4, i. 
 
 unanswerable: L non (argn- 
 mentis) rfivlncindus: v. Cic Anh. j, 
 II. 2. non relutandus: v. id. de Or. 
 2, 19. 80. 3. non inlimiandus : v. ib. 
 I, !■. 14?. 4. non fruneeiidiis: lb. 
 
 5. non refellendus : v. Ov. Met. 1, 
 758. 6. irrelutal'ilis (late only): Ar- 
 nob. 4, p. 590, Gauihier [p. 174. Hirald]. 
 
 7, nCces&arius : an u. amcliuitm, 
 necessaria concluslo, Cic. Top. 16, bo. 
 Phr.: arguments uh ich seem to me u., 
 quae mihi non videntur posse convelli, 
 Cic l)iv. I, 51, 117: u. argummti, 
 firma ad probanduin, id. Brut. iS, 272 
 seeing that Ihise arguments ore u ,quum 
 tu borum nihil refelles, Ter. I'bonn 
 I, 2, 80: ue are ashamed that tketr 
 reproaclies are «., pudet haec oppro- 
 bria non potuls>e reielli, Ov. Met. 
 
 1, 758 : are my aryumrnls u. r vincuo' 
 argunientis ? PI. Amph. i, 1, 280. 
 
 unanswerably : plan- he proved 
 
 u., is plane protiab.il. Cic. Att. 14, 10, j: 
 v. toMPLETKLT. FULLY, KNTIBELV. 
 
 unanswered: i'hr.-. to Uare letters 
 u, ad literas non ri'spondere : non re- 
 scribere : lilcras non reddere : respoii- 
 sum non ferre: v. Cic. An. 5, 12: ib. 
 
 9. 9 : ib. 10 : V. TO ANSWER. 
 
 unappalled : v. undaustkj). 
 
 unappeased : 1. impiacatug : cm 
 appetite u., jjula Iniplacatu. Ov. Met. 8, 
 84;. 2. insatiatus (late and poet.) : 
 
 Stat. Theb. 6, 298. 3- n..ndum sAlla- 
 tus : whose ci-utlty xfas stiil u., quorum 
 
 crudeliuis nondum cs^et suiiatA, 
 
 Cic. Qu. Fr. I, }, I : V. TO AFPEA»f:,Ti> 
 
 SATISFT. 
 
 unapproachable : I. ^n reference 
 toap(act ; V. iNAixi-:^iBLK. ||, Fig.. 
 Of persons or characters: \, singfl- 
 laris : Aristotle, in philosophy almost u, 
 Ariftoteles in philosophia prope singn- 
 laris, Cic. Acad. 2, 4 5. Join: singularv 
 et vere unicum naiurae opus, Plin. 9, j?, 
 58: we mut:! si'tak of the 11. and pre- 
 eminent exctlltnvt offompey, dicendum 
 de Pompeii .singular! cxiuiiaque vlrlulr, 
 Cic. Maiill. I. J. 2. p'Tfectissiiniw 
 (late) : Lactant. I "iv. Insl. 5. «5 : v. tmN- 
 
 SUMMATE, UNRIVALLED, UNIQUE, and 
 next art. 
 
 unapproached : 1. inaccessus 
 
 (which Includes -s.-iise <«f preceding): 
 H. groves (1. e. unapproacliisl iind unap- 
 proachable), luci inacossl. Virg. \v\\. 7, 
 II. 2. iivlus: u, jJacrs. avja Iocs, 
 Lucr. I, 925. 3. iiilacius: tht u. 
 
 Britons, intactus Brilanmis, Hor. Kpod. 
 
 7, 7 : v. INAOl'>.;SinLK, DISTANT, ID At"- 
 PBOACH. 
 
 unapt: 1. nonaplus: Fpicurut, 
 rather u. at jesting, non aptlssimus ad 
 Jocanduni.CicN.I>". 2, 17.45. 2. rMis, 
 e (in<x//^n>/ior<0 : u, /(»r contests on 
 J'oot. rudis ad [ledestria hella, Liv. 24. 
 48. 3. pie*!" '•"■y «• "' ttTitxng 
 letters, ad literas scrilfi:d.is pigerrimut. 
 Cic. Fani. 8, 1 : » race irry u. fur war, 
 gens pigerrlin.i nd milil.'iria opira, Liv. 
 21, :;. 4. fiituus (ftiipid): Cic. de Or. 
 
 2, 24. 99: v. Ai'T. AWKWARD, CVSCITKD, 
 DULL. 
 
 885
 
 DN A FTL Y 
 
 UNAVENGED 
 
 UNBECOMING 
 
 unaptly : 1. inepte : Hon A. P. 
 140. 2. illepide : id. Ep. 2, i. -ji. 
 
 3. male : yuint. I, 8. 2: v. uuskil- 
 
 Fnl.LY. 
 
 unaptneSS : 1. ineptia : Cic. de 
 
 Or. 2,4, i8. 2. iuscltia: Suet. Ner.41. 
 
 unarmed : 1. inermis or inermus : 
 
 u. and unprepared, ineiinis atque im- 
 
 paratus, Cic. Sest. it. 79: an u. mob, 
 
 vulgus inermuiu, Virg. Aen. 12, hi. 
 
 2. depositis armis: v.Ov.Fast. j, i. 
 
 3," positis armis: Cic. Fam. 6, 2. 
 
 4. exulus armis: the Arcadians u., 
 eiuti Arcades armis, Virg. Aen. 11, J9?. 
 
 5. sine armis : v. id. Georg. i, 161. 
 
 6. nudus : shewing their u. hands, 
 dextras nudas ostentantes, Ijv. 28, }. 
 Phr. : the edicts of the praetms com- 
 manded the slaves to be u ut ne 
 
 quis servorum cum telo asset, Cic. Verr. 
 
 5, J, 1 : V. AltMKl>. 
 
 unasked; 1. nonrogatus: nonr. 
 testis. Pomp. ap. Dig. 22, 5. "• 2. 
 non vocatus Hon Od. 2, 18, 40. 3. 
 injussus: id, S. i. }, j. 4. sponte, 
 wiUingly (in ref. to mind of agent : v. 
 Doderlein. s. v.) : (freq. with possessive 
 fnon. In abl.) : sua sponte, sed rogatum et 
 arcessitum, Caes. B. G. 1,44 : mea sponte, 
 Cic. Att. 15, 27. Join : sua sponte et 
 voluntate, Cic. Part. 17, fin. 5. v6- 
 luntate (in ref. to will, Dod.) : they sub- 
 mitted u., voluntate in diti(jnem vener- 
 unt, Liv. 29, }8. 6. ultro (.in ref. 
 
 to thing itself, with sense of obtrusion, 
 Dod.) : offering themselves u., ultro se 
 mihi offeientes prmnising u., ultro pol- 
 licentes, Cic. Plane. 10, 24 : that Asia 
 
 would ctrme. u., uliro Asiam ven- 
 
 turam, Virg Aen 2, 19J: v. uninvited. 
 
 unaspiring: ^.UNAMBITIOUS. 
 
 unassailable: 1. i"expugna- 
 
 bHis: a heart soft and not u. by darts 
 of Cupid, Cupidineis nee inexpugnabile 
 telis conOv. Trist. 4, 10, 6;. 2. invio- 
 labilis that you may not believe titat 
 these things are u., inviolabilia haec ne 
 credas vlgere, Lucr. 5, jo;. 3. tutus. 
 Join: tuta et sancta, Auct. Dom. 42, 
 109. 4. invictus: a soul ii. by favour, 
 invictus ad gratiam animus, Tac. A. 15, 
 
 II : v. INACCKSSIBLE, UNAPPROACHABLE, 
 INVINCIBLE. 
 
 unapsailed : 1. intactus : in. 
 BritaniHis, Hon P^pod. 7, 7 : with Uaves 
 u.,frondibus intactis, Ov. Nux, 46. 2. 
 inviSlatus: Hon Od. j, 4, j6. 3. tu- 
 tus: ib. 17. 4. integer: u. places 
 beyond the i-iver, loca trans flumen In- 
 tegra, Caes. B. C. i, 49. 5. incolumis 
 (opp. to victus) : Cic. Manil. 9, 25. 
 Join: salvus incolumisque, id. Fin. 4, 
 8, 19: V. SAFE. 
 
 unassigned: indivisus: let all the 
 rest be treated as u., caetera omnia pro 
 indiviso, Cato R. K. IJ7 : Stat. Theb. 8, 
 
 iI2 : V. TO ASSIGN. 
 
 unassisted : v. unaided. 
 
 unassuaged : importunus (poet.) : 
 the u. thirst for money, argenti sltis im- 
 portuna, Hon Ep. i, 18, 2}: v. unap- 
 PEASEi), craving. Phr.: to be u., ae- 
 gresco (to increase in violence'), Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 46. 
 
 unassuming: 1. mSdestus: Cic. 
 Plane. 11,27. Join: modestus et frugi, 
 Cic. Att. I }, 29. 2. modicus : a soul 
 grasping in war, u. at hom,e, belli ingens, 
 domi modicus. Sail. Jug. 6) : u. in dress, 
 sparing in retinue, modica cultu, parca 
 comitatu, Plin. Pan. Bj. 3. modgrat- 
 us: Cic. Font. 14, jo. 4. mediocris: 
 the not u. soid of Jugurtha, Jugurtbae 
 non mediocris animus, Sail. Jug. 8 : an 
 u. wedding feast, mediocrium spon- 
 saliuni coeiia, Plin. 9, 35, 58. 5. de- 
 missus: Cic. de Or. 2, 4?, 182. 6. 
 faiimilis: u. dwellings, humile.'? casae, 
 
 Virg. Eel. 2, 29: V. HUMBLE, dnambi- 
 TIOTI8, DNPEETENDING. 
 
 unassumingly : 1. mSdlce : 
 
 timidly and u., timide raodiceque, Cic. 
 Sull. 29, 80. 2. simplicUer : id. Arch. 
 
 12, }2: V. MODKSTLY. 
 
 unassurea: »• assdred, certain, 
 
 CNCEBTAIN. 
 
 unattached : 1. liben era, grum : 
 Join: liberi solutique, Cic. Verr. 2, 78, 
 886 
 
 192. 2. vacuus {disengaged) : a lieart 
 u., vacuum pectus, Ov. Am. i , 26 : Hor. 
 
 Od. I, 5, 10 : v. TO ATTACH, TO BIND. 
 
 unattacked : v. unassah.eu. 
 
 unattainable: 1. aniuus: Hon 
 Od. I, }, 57. 2. expr. by perncio, 
 attingo, consequor, etc. with neg. : no- 
 thing is u.for the Claudii, nil Claudiae 
 non perfieient manus, ib. 4, 4, 7 j : to pur- 
 sue ivhat is u., sequi quod assequi iie- 
 queas, Cic. Off. I, Ji, no : if these things 
 uere u., si haec neque attiiitrere. . . pos- 
 semus, id. Arch. 7, 17 : v. to attain, 
 surmount, surpass. 
 
 unattained : v. unaccomplished. 
 
 unattempted : 1. intentatus : 
 Hor. A. 1'. 28;. 2. inexpertus : Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 415. 3. inausus : Join: 
 inausus, intractatus, Virg. Aen. 8, 
 20;. 4. negatus (poet.) : o way u., 
 iiegata via, Hon Od. j, 2, 22. Ph n : to 
 leave u., expr. by praetermitto, omitto, 
 etc.; / have left nothing u. to draw 
 away Fompey..., nihil praetermisi . . . 
 quin Pompeium... avocarem, Cic. Phil. 
 2, 10, 2J : praetereo, Virg. (jeorg. 4, 148 : 
 omnia experior. Ten Andr. 2, i, i{ : ex- 
 periri nolo, Cic. Or. I, J ; v. to attempt, 
 untried. 
 
 unattended: 1. nudus: u. by 
 
 relatives, nudus a propinquis, Cic. Red. 
 Quin 6, 16. 2. solus : valks u. on 
 the sand, sola in sicca spatiatur arena, 
 Virg. Georg. i, J89. 3. incSmitatus, 
 sine cSmitibus : v. unaccompanied. 
 4. expr. by a neg. phr. : u. by any 
 danger, sine omni periculo, Ter. Andr. 
 2, }, 17: u. by pain, privata dolore, 
 Luen I, 60. Phr, : even if u. by dis- 
 grace, etiam si nulla comitetur infamia, 
 Cie. Fin. 2, 19, 60 : v. To attend. 
 
 unattested: \. Deficient in wit- 
 ness: sine teste. Mart. I, J4, 4. ||, 
 Not founded on fact ; v. unauthen- 
 ticated. to attest, to witness, wit- 
 ness, subs. 
 
 unattired : 1. incomtus : Ov. 
 Met. 4, 261. 2. nudus: Virg. Georg. 
 I, 299: v. unadorned, undre.ssed. 
 
 unauthenticated : 1. incertus: 
 u. reports, incerti rumores, Caes. B. G. 
 4, 5. 2. sine auitore : u. reports, 
 
 rumores sine auctore, Cic. Fam. 12, 9. 
 3. ambiguus (doubtful) : proles ani- 
 bigua," Virg. Aen. j, 180. 4. com- 
 menticius : to add authority to things 
 u., auctoritatem commentieiis rebus ad- 
 jungere. Cic. Div. 2, 55, 1 1 }. Phr.: our 
 story tvas u., certos auctores non habe- 
 bamus, id. Fam. 12,8: fama nuiitiabat 
 . . . auctor erat nemo, ib. 4 : lest the 
 story should be u., ne parum esset auc- 
 toritatis in fabula, id. Sen. i, j : that re- 
 port uus u., tabula rumor ille fult, 
 Ov. Met. 10, 561 : to receive an u. stoi-y 
 as an ascertained fact, ut levem audi- 
 tionem habeant pro re comperta, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 42 : v. authentic. 
 
 unauthorised: 1. illidtus: illi- 
 citae exactioues, Tac. A. ij, 51. 2. 
 inconcessus : u. nuptials, inconcessi 
 Hyraenaei, Virg. Aen. i, 651. 3. 
 
 extra ordinem: Cie. Phil. 11, 10. 25. 
 Phr.: that style of oratory nas u., id 
 genus dieendi auctoritatis habebat par- 
 um, id. Brut. 95, 127: in a manner u. 
 by the supreme being, injussu impera- 
 toris, id est, dei, id. Sen. 20, 7}: v. to 
 authorise. 
 
 unavailable : v. available. Phn: 
 these things are u., haec non sunt in 
 nostra inanu, Cie. Fam. 14, 2. 
 
 unavailing: 1. inanis: «. tears, 
 Inanes lacriniae, Virg. Aen. 4, 449 : an 
 u. service, inane munus, ib. 6, 886. 2. 
 irritus : u. daits, tela ir., ib. 2, 459. 
 3. fulilis: Cic. Div. 1, 19, ?6. 4. 
 vanus : ib. ;7- Phr.: an u. dart, telum 
 sine iciu, Virg. Aen. 2, 544: the remedy 
 is u. against the dreaded dropsy, nee for- 
 mldatis auxiliatur (medicina) aquis, Ov. 
 Pont. I, 5,24: Greek literature ii-as u. 
 to produce virtuous behaviour, ad vir- 
 tuteni nihil profuerunt. Sail. Jug. 85 : v. 
 useless. 
 
 unavenged: inultus: Hon Od. I, 
 28,}}. Join: impunitus atque inultus, 
 Cic. Div. in Caecil. 16, Si- 
 
 unayerted: 1. irrfitortus: to be- 
 hold tvith u. eye, oculo Irretorto spectarei 
 Hon Od. 2, 2, 2}. 2. inconversusj 
 with u. eyes, Ineonversis (al. inconuivis) 
 oeulis, Apul. Met. 2, 22, p. 124, Elm. • 
 v. to avert. 
 
 unavoidable: v.inevitable. 
 
 unavoided : indevitatus : Ov. Met 
 
 2, 605 : V. TO avoid. 
 
 unavowed : 1. caecus : c. ignis, 
 Virg. Aen 4, 2. 2. furtivus : f 
 
 amor, ib. 171. 3. obsciirus : Cic. 
 
 Fam. i;, 70 v. to avow, to conceal, 
 
 TO HIliK. 
 
 unavowedly : 1. clam : Liv. }i, 
 47- 2. obsciire: Cic. Clu. 19, 54. 
 3. expr. by adj. or part. : there 
 were some uho u. mocked. . ., qui preces 
 oceulti illuderent, Tac. A. }, 29: u. they 
 were glad, oceulti laetabantur, ib. 4, 12: 
 v. secretly. 
 
 unawakened : oppressus somno, 
 
 Caes. B, C. 2, }8. Phr.: memory lies 
 prostrate and u. in sleep, meminisse 
 jacet, languetque sopore, Lucr. 4, 669 : 
 v. TO sleep. 
 
 unaware : 1. inscius : inscia 
 
 Dido. Virg. Aen. 1,718. 2. ne.scius: 
 nor was I u., neque eram n., Cic. Fam. 
 5, 12. 3. ignarus; the people being 
 u. what was going on, ignaro populo 
 quid ageretur, id. Red. Sen. 7, 18. 
 
 unawares: I. /" reference to 
 the act itself: 1. improvise : that they 
 had broken into the camp u., improviso 
 eos in castra irrupisse, Cic. Div. i, 24, 
 ;o. 2. de improviso: on whom they 
 may fall u., in quos de 1. incidant, id. 
 Rose. Am. 52, 151. 3. inopinato: 
 when the Numidians had broken u. into 
 the camp, quuni i. in castra. . .Numidae 
 irrupissent, Liv. 26, 6. 4. insperato : 
 PI. Stieh. 2, 2, }i. II. Jn reference to 
 a person or thing thJat is not aware : 
 1. imprudens : that no attack might 
 be made on the soldiers u. (i. e. not ex- 
 pecting it) : ne quis imprudentibus mi- 
 litibus impetus fieri posset, Caes. B. G. 
 }, 29: lest his ships might fall u. upon 
 the fleet of the enemy, ne casu impru- 
 dentes suae naves in classem... inci- 
 dereiit, Hirt. B. Afr II. 2. inSpinans: 
 having attacked them u., eos inopinantes 
 aggressus, Caes. B. 6. I, 12. 3. in* 
 cautus : overcomes him secretly u. (i. e. 
 unprepared) : elam ferro incautum su- 
 perat, Virg. Aen. i, }50. Join: in- 
 cauius atque imparatus, Caes. B. G. 6, 
 
 }0. 
 
 unawed : v. unabashed, undaunt- 
 ed, UNMOVED. 
 
 unbacked (.by friends) : v. unsup- 
 ported. 
 
 unbaffled: 1 indejectusi V. Ov. 
 Met. I, 289. 2. invictus, Liv. 22, 26. 
 Phr. : u. by repulse, repulsae nescius, 
 Hor. Od. }, 2. 17. 
 
 unbaked: 1. crudus (0/ bj-icfcs) .- 
 u. brick, c. later, Col. 9, i, 2. 2. non 
 coctu.s {of food): V. Vltruv. 2, 5. 
 
 unbaptized: 1. non baptizatus: 
 Aug. de An. I, 9(11). 2. sine bap- 
 tisino, ib. 10 (12). Phn: as yet u., 
 necdum regeneratus In Christo, Sulp. 
 Sev. 2, 8 : v. to baptize. 
 
 unbar ; 1. rgsero, i : we have u.'d 
 the gates to the enemy, portas reseravi- 
 m»s hosti, Ov. A. A. }, 577 : a gate u.'d, 
 reserata porta, id. Fast. 2, 455. 2. 
 laxo, I : .s'inod u.s the fastenings, laxat 
 claustra, Virg. Aen. 2, 259: repagula 
 laxo, Lucan Phars. i, 29;. 3. rfilaxo : 
 Ov. Am. I, 6, 1 7. 4. pessiilos rgduco : 
 Apul. Met. I, 14. p. 108, Elm. 5. 
 remitto, misi, missum, } : the doors u.'d, 
 fores remissae, Petron. 16. Phn: the 
 doors u.'d themselves, fores clausae re- 
 pagulis se ipsae aperuerunt, Cic. Div. i, 
 
 J4. 74- 
 
 unbearable : v. intolerable. 
 
 unbearably : v. intolerably. 
 
 unbecoming: 1. indgcorus: (i.) 
 exttrnally : not u. dust, non indecorus 
 pulvis, Hor.Od. 2, I, 22. (ii.) morally: 
 rvhat is disgraceful is u., quuu lurpe, 
 indecorum est, Cic. Off. i, 27, 94. 2. 
 indgcor or ind6c6ris : (i.) socially: it. as 
 to race, genus indecores, Virg. Aen. 1 1, 25.
 
 UNBECOMINGLY 
 
 UNBLEMISHED 
 
 U N B R I n L E D 
 
 (ii.) morally : whose life is «., cr?ju8 sit 
 vita iiiiiccoris, Ace. ap. Non. Marc. p. 
 488. 3. iiidgcens : an u. no.'ie, 1 iia.siis. 
 Mart. 2. 1 1, 4. 4, inhOiii-sius (melon. 
 of iiHiiul ((ualitles, applied t« (•hysical) : 
 an u. wound, Inhonchtum viiliius, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 497. 6. lurpis, f : tiwre u. (i. c. 
 less becoming), turplor, Hor. 0<J. 2, 2, 4. 
 
 6. dftlormis : u. movement, tnoius 
 defoniiis, Oic. Fin. ;, 12, ?;. Join; 
 defurrais atfiiie turpis, Id Off. i, J5, 126. 
 
 7. iiidigiius (^ai'suitable to purpose, 
 or to coiiditimt of lih) : it seems not u. 
 ... tn relate, iion indignum vlJetur .... 
 meninnire, S.ill. Jug. "jc) : in an u. man- 
 ner, iiidicniini in mudum, Liv. 29, 9. 
 
 8. illibi'ialis (mean, loir) .- opp. to 
 ingenmis : lacilis est di.stinctio iiigi-nui 
 et llllbtrjili.s joci, CIc. Off. i, 29, 104. 
 
 9. parnm vgrei uiidiis : u. wonts, 
 verba i>ariim verecunda. ytiint. 10, 1. 9. 
 
 10. alicnus, with object expr. : ni/r 
 do theii thitih it u. their high condition. 
 Deque hoc alienum ducunt niaje.stati- sua, 
 Cic. Div. I, }8, 8} : u. one's ditfiiity, 
 alienum dii;iiltatis, id. Fin. i, 4. 11 : 
 P h r. : it is not u. an orator to pretend, 
 oratorem siiinilare non dedecct, id. Tusc. 
 4. 2;, 54 : '/ uni/ thing be u. in others, 
 si quid dedeceat in aliis, id. OIT. I, 41, 
 
 146: V. TO P.K(X>MK, TO SUIT, DN WORTHY, 
 UNSUITABLK, UNCOUTH. 
 
 unbecomingly : 1. indccore : 
 
 Cic. Uff. I, 4. 14. 2. iiidficenier : 
 
 Mart. 12, 22, I. 3. lurpiter (exter- 
 nally) : Hor. A. P. ?. 4. inhoneste 
 (al. moleste) Cic. Alt. 2, i, 7. K.\pr. 
 also by adj. with in modum, as in un- 
 becoming, 7 : V. DISCKEDITABLV, DIS- 
 ORACEFUI.I.Y. 
 
 unbecomingness : 1. indignttas : 
 
 tostiipass sUices in u., indigiiitatc servos 
 ylncere, CIc. Verr. 4, 50, 112. 2. turpi- 
 tudo: lest elated by pleasure we Jail 
 into any u., ne . . . . elati voluptate in 
 aliquam turpitudineni delabamur. id. Off. 
 I, 29, 104. 3. Inverecundia: Tertull. 
 Poen. 6, extr.: v. dkbkcoming. 
 unbefitting: v. unbkcoming, cn- 
 
 SUITABLK. 
 
 unbefriended : 1. desertus suis, 
 
 Tac. A. J, 20. 2. nudus a propinquis, 
 Cic. yuir. Red. 6, 16. 3. ii^ops ab 
 amicis, Auct. Dom. 22, 58. 4. orhus ; 
 they will not be u., orbi non eniiit, 
 Cle. Q. F. I, J, extr. I'lir. : i,ot u. by 
 the gods, non sine dis, Hor. Od. }, 4, 20 : 
 
 V. UliTITUTE FRIENDLESS. 
 
 unbegotten; uuUo generatus ortu, 
 Cic. Univ. 2 ; V. unborn. 
 
 unbelief: 1. incrednntas Apul 
 Met. I, 20, p. Ill, Elm. : Vuls;. llebr. iii. 
 19. 2. inf iilelitas : Aug. Serm. 44, 1. 
 Phr. . heathens believe by «., non ere 
 dendo credunt, Tertull. Cam. Christ. 15 : 
 
 V. DLSTRU.ST, DOUBTFOLNES.S. 
 
 unbeliever: 1. infidelis: Prosp. 
 Ep. ail Ruf. c. ■): ap. Aug. vol 10, p. 1796. 
 2. ethnicus: Tertull. Carn. Chri~t. 
 i;. 3. scepticiis. Quint. 10, 1, 124: u.s, 
 (TKeTTTtKOt, OiU. II, 5. Phr.: I was 
 ilicays an u., iiunquam sum adductus 
 ut ci'cderem, Cic. Biut. 26, 100 
 
 unbelieving : 1. incredrilns : 
 
 Hor. A. r. |83. 2. infidelis Vulg. 
 I Cor. vii. 14. Phr.: obstinately u., 
 contra veritatem obstinatus, (juint 12, 
 1, 10. 
 
 unbeloved: 1. initmatus (lale): 
 Sil. 12, S27. 2. lUaudatus: Virg. 
 
 Georg. ?, 5. 3. exosus (Lite in pass. 
 use): Gell. 2, 18, 10. 4. 'ii""' in- 
 visus, Virg. Aen. 1,587: v. unamiable. 
 
 unbend (both in lit. and fig. sense): 
 1. n-niitto, niTsi, missum. ? (of a 
 tivig): Cir. Div 1,54,12?: having un- 
 bent his bow, remisso arcu, Hor. Od. j, 
 24, 67. 2. laxo, I : 1/ you have un- 
 bent (your bow), si laxaris (arrum), 
 Phaedr. j, 14, 11: tn u. the minds of 
 the judges. I. judicum aninios, Cic. Brut. 
 6?, }22. 3. rfila.xo, I : u. your l>ow, 
 relaxa arcus. Sen. Ag. ?22 : u. your 
 mi7id. anitnos, Cic. Brut. ?. 21. 4. 
 rgtendo, di, sur' """I turn, ? an unbent 
 bow, arcus retensus, Phaedr. ;, 14, 5: 
 arcus retenti, Ov. Met. J. 166. 5. 
 oorrigo, rexi, rectum, i : no one could u. 
 
 Milu't gratp, nemo digitum corrigebat 
 (Milonl). I'iin. 7, 20, 19. 
 
 unbending (s'«7''. stuMtnm) : 1. 
 rigidus : wiih u. mini, rigida mente, 
 Ov. Her. j, 96. 2. rectus: H-.r. Od. 
 4,9,15 3. i'ifle.\lbllis: u.olntinacy, 
 
 1. obstlnailo, Plin. Kp. 10, ><7. 4. 
 alrox, ocis (jw/rt.) : the u. soul of Cato, 
 atrox animus Catonis, Hor. Od. 2, I, 24 . 
 
 v. INFLEXIBLE, STi;BI«)KN. 
 
 undent: ^- 1 i'R'ght, htrak.ht. 
 unbeneficed : non beneticlarius : v. 
 
 Vegei. .Mil. 2, 7. 
 
 unbestowed : v. to bf.8tow. 
 
 unbetrothed: v. td betroth. 
 
 unbewailed: v. unlamknted. 
 
 unbewitch : effasiinationc llhero, 
 solvo, levo ; v. Plin. 19, 4, 19 . V. to DI8- 
 f;n('Hant. 
 
 unbiassed : 1. simplex, ids : 
 Cic. Viiu\ 1.9. 2. \'\\n'r (as lawyeit) : 
 Join: Ulerl solutique ad causas vcnle- 
 bant. id. Verr. 2, 78, 192. 3. incor- 
 ruptus (as vitnesses): Join incor- 
 mpti alque Int-gri testes, id. Fin. i, 21, 
 71. 4. vacuus, with aiil. oi pa.ssion : 
 u. by friendship, etc., o<lio, aniicitia, 
 ira, atque misericordia vacui. Sail. Cat. 
 51. 6. t-'"*! ira et studio: Taa A. i, 
 I. Phr. : the more u. the speecli seemed 
 to be, quo minus cupiditatis ac sludii 
 visa est orallo habere, I.lv. 24, 28 to t>e 
 u., nulla grali>», nulla hominuni carilaie 
 teneor, Cic. N. I). l, 44, 124: neque ira 
 neque gratia teneor, ib. 1, 17, 44: v. 
 
 IMl'AKTIAl., bias (subs.), TO BIA.S. 
 
 unbidden : 1. injussus : the goats 
 come u. to the pails, injussae veniuni ad 
 mulctra capellae, Hor. Kpod. I'l, 49. 
 2, inv5catii8 : notions c<ime u.. in- 
 vocatae veniunt imagines, Cic. N. I), i, 
 ;8, 108. 3. expr. by injussu (nith- 
 out orders) : he drsireil him not to iKgin 
 the battle u., nc injussu pugnani incipiat, 
 Liv. 4, 52. 4. sponte: v. unasked, 
 
 AC<.'<)RI). 
 
 unbigoted: liber rellgione, Liv. 2, 
 
 ^6 : V. BUiiiT, bigoted. 
 
 unbind: 1. solvo, vi, fitum, j: 
 u. no; boi/s. solvite me pueri. Virg. Eel. 
 6, 24 2. dis,solvo, j: thiea<is not to 
 be unbound, stamina non dissoluenda, 
 Tibull. 1, 8. 2. 3. rOsolvo, j Ov. 
 A. A. {,272. 4. rgviiicio, xi. ctum,4 
 (usu. to liind or tie behind): Col. i, 10, 
 16. 5. religo, I (to loosen a rope): 
 funem r., Catull. Kpitli. I'el. 174: to un- 
 harness : t'ybele u.s the yokes, religat 
 juga, id. Atys, 8?. 6. 'a^o, 1 : the 
 f'lds u. their folds, laxant arva sinus, 
 Virii. Georg. 2, ?!l- 7. relaxo, i: 
 u. the ruthless bonds, iinmitia claus- 
 tra relaxa, Ov. Am. I, 6, 17. 8. dis- 
 jungo, xl, ctuin, ? : to unharness cattle. 
 
 Col 6, 14, ; V. Tl) UNVOKE, TO UNDO, TO 
 UNTIE, rNBiiINI), TO BIND. 
 
 tinbitted: v. unbroken. 
 uiiblameable : v. blameless, irre- 
 proachable. 
 unblameably : v. irrkproaoharly. 
 unblamed ; iiuulpatus : Ov. Met. 
 
 9,671 V. blameless. UNCENSIRED. 
 
 unbleached: perh. crudus: v. to 
 
 blkach. 
 
 unblemished : chiefly in morals, 
 but also in reference to bodily defect : 
 1. pfiriis: Hor. S. 2, J, 21?. 2. 
 insons: PI. Amph. ?, 1, 9. Join; pii- 
 rus et insons, Hor. S. i, 6, 69. 3. '"• 
 tA'gor: i. viiae, id. Od. i, 22, i inlegra 
 Diana, ib. ?, 4, 70. Join integer I't 
 sanctus, Cic. : homines iniegri iniiocen- 
 tes, ri'ligiosi, id. 4. intaniliialus : 
 
 Hor. Od. ?, 2, 18. 5. inconianilnalus 
 Liv. 4, 2. 6. Incorruptus: Hor. Od. 
 I, ^4. 7- 7. intiK-tus u. by infamy, 
 in'amia Intactus, Liv. ?8, 51. 8. 'm- 
 pt>llutus : Sil. 1 J, 679. 9. iuimiii fl- 
 latiis : Lucan 2, 7)6. 10. castus : 
 
 u. in nuirals, c. moribus. Mart. 6, 28, 
 6. Join: purissima et castissima vita, 
 Cic. Rose. Com. 6, 17. H. tutus: 
 
 u. modestt/. pudicitia luta, Tac. A. 2, 9. 
 12. illibatus : (i.l. Moralln : to 
 have preserifd the glory of the Germans 
 u., illibiit;mi Gernianorum gloriam s«T- 
 vavlsse, ib. 46. (ii.). I'hysically : eggs 
 preserve their soundness u., illibatam 
 
 servant int«-KTitat»"m, Col. 8, 11,9. 13, 
 Inn6ien» : Cic. Rose. Am. 20, 55. 14. 
 sine vitiis, Hor. S. 1, J.68. 15. viiiij 
 remotUB: id. A. P. 184. Ig. Bine labe 
 (in morals): (»v. Her. 17, 14. 
 
 unbleniished. to be: 1. L>be 
 
 eaieo (in pei tonal ajplicatiim) : id. 
 Met. 15, I }o. 2. nieiida, or mendo 
 careo: thi-fnce it u., mendo faci<-^ caret, 
 Ov. A. A. }, 261. Phr the uhole 
 bod'i not Ii., in lolo iiusquum cor|>ure 
 me nda fuit, id. Am. 1, «, 18: ve ought 
 to be u., banc maciilam nog decel effu. 
 gere, Ter. Ad. ?, 8, if- v. BLEMiMieD, 
 
 UNSTAlSm, fNsniJTED. 
 
 tinblended: v. inmixkd. 
 unbl st : i >fohtunatp, uNHAPrr. 
 unbloody : 1. incrueniuis Sail. 
 
 Jug 92. 2. incruentaiuH: Ov. Met 
 
 12,497 : V- BI<>OI'L>:a8. 
 
 unblushing: I. /« gen.: v. to 
 BLUSH. II. In bad tense: 1. im- 
 pudicus : the u. inipudenc- of Clodiut, 
 Clixlii impudica linpudeutia, Cic. Har- 
 usp. 1,1. 2. e.\saiigiii>: Join: ix- 
 saiiguis et ferrea frons, Plin. Paneg. jj. 
 3. attrilus: tin u. brow, ailrita 
 frons, .Juv. ij, 241. Phr. : vith u. im- 
 piuUnce (i. e. v ith hardrved count^n- 
 ancr), quum perlrlcuit frontem fNjsuil- 
 que piidoreni. Marl. 11, 28, 7 : v. to 
 
 HARDEN. SHAMELK.*. 
 
 unbolt : v. to unbar. 
 
 unborn : nondum natos : v.To bear, 
 BOKN,ToBE. Phr.: the joy of Uie child 
 yet u., lutiiri pignorls gloria, Apul. MeL 
 5, II. p. 164, Elm. 
 
 unborrowed : indeWtus (not meed) : 
 Pomp. ap. Hie. i?,6, 7. Phr.: (to gain 
 a thing) n ith u. meant, I. e. try one's ou-n 
 poner, Marte nostro, Cic. Off. j, 7. 54: 
 mice ici(/i u. means you abound in these 
 things, quum vestro Marte big reboa 
 abundetis, id. Verr. }, 4, 9 : v. to borrow, 
 
 TO LEND, USAIDFJ). 
 
 unbosom : 1. pStf facio. tM, tnc- 
 
 lum, J : / u.'d myself entirely to Theu- 
 Ja.', Theudae. . . lotiim me palefecl, C"ic. 
 ham. 6, 10. 2. apf rio, ui, turn. 4 he 
 u.s the secT'ts of his Acxiit, aperii secrcta 
 pectoris, Tac. Germ. 22: Uiey u. them- 
 selves under compulsion, coacti se a|KTi- 
 nnt, Ter. Aiidr. 4, i, 8. 3. effuiido, 
 fudi, fusnm, j : / have u.'d to you all 
 my feelings, effudi vi.bis omnia quae 
 sentiebam, Cic. de Or. I. 54, H9- 4. 
 dctfgo, xi, ctum, ? / u. to v«u my in- 
 nutst fellings, inlimos affectua deiego. 
 Sen. Ep. 96, I. I'hr. : no one attemplt 
 to u. himself, nemo in set* lental de- 
 sceiidere, p'ers. 4, 2}: v. TO OPEN, TO 
 
 REVEAL. 
 
 unbought: 1. inemptus: u. 
 
 dishes, d.i|»'> iiiemptai', Virg. (jwrg. 4, 
 m- 2. giaHiilus: u. nitts, gratuita 
 siiffragia, Cic. Plane. 22, M- 3. sine 
 meivede : rMiaidr. 4, prol. 9. 
 
 unbound: I. '" P"" •• ^- '^ 
 BIND, 10 iNiiiND. II, As hair: 1. 
 solutus : Hor. 0>1. ?, 4, 61. 2. pan- 
 sus, m- passus, part, of pando: Oaes. 
 B. G. 7, 48. 3. deinis-sus : iVip. 2. 19, 
 }6: v. DISHEVELLED, i.oosi-:. III. At a 
 liiiok: III fasciculos non colligatus: v. 
 I'lin. 19. I. J. 
 
 unbounded : 1. immengus : u. 
 desiie •;/' praise, laudum immensa cu- 
 pido, Virg. Aen. 6, 8 -4. 2. '"' initiis : 
 u. authority, inlmltiiiii imperium, Oc. 
 Verr. }, 91. 21 }. 3. effu-sus: ii. joy. 
 effusa laelilla, l.lv. }$, 4J : v. Boi nd- 
 
 I.ESS. 
 
 unbridled : I. i" P«"- <»"'' fff- 
 
 sense : 1. Infreiiis, e : an u. korte, 
 infrenis equiis, Vi'g. .Ven. to, 750: on 
 u. tongue, i. lingua, Hell. I, IJ, 17. 2. 
 infreuus: the u. .Viiiiin/ian* (I. e. fio< 
 using bridle.'}, infniii Niimid.ie, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 41. 3. inlreiiaius horsemen 
 biidleii and u.. equiii-s fnnati el In- 
 trenati, Liv. 21, 44 : see alxive (2> 4. 
 effreiius : Virg. Gmirg. ?, 582. 6, ef- 
 fieniitus: u. horses. effrCnall eqni, LiT, 
 40. 40: M. lust, libido effrenata, Cic 
 Clueni 6,15. 6. irjer babe n:s (poet) 
 Stat. Tliib. 6, JI2. II, ^''K (Wilj) 
 1. effusus: u. /iffnj^, effusa licenlU, 
 Liv. 44, 1. 2. immOdf ratus : u. de- 
 
 ' »ai
 
 UNBROKEN 
 
 UNCHANGEABLE 
 
 UNCHASTE 
 
 ttre, immoderata cupido, Ov. Pont. 4, ij, 
 }i. 3. incontinens : M. Aancis, iiicon- 
 tinentes manus, Hor. Od i, i-j, 26. 4. 
 iiitemperans : i. lingua, Apul. Met. i, 8, 
 p. 10;, Elm. : V. LAWLES-S, immoderati:. 
 
 unbroken: I. '" *'«"• sense: 
 
 1. irruptus : on u. bond, iiTupta 
 copula, Hor.Od. I, U, 18. 2. integer: 
 the u. skin, Integra pellis, Virg. Geurg. 
 4, }ol. 3. coutinuus (cinttinuous) : 
 an u. series, continua series, Plin. 7, 41, 
 42. 4. perpetuus : an u. history, 
 
 perpetua historia, Cic. Fani. ?, 12, med. : 
 
 V. ENTIRE, SOUND, WHOLE. ||, Of a 
 
 horse : 1. iudomitus : i. equus, Auct. 
 ad Her. 4, 46, 59. 2. intractatus: 
 •Join : equus intractatus et novus, Cic. 
 Am. 19, 68. 3. nomlum subactus: 
 Hor. Od. 2, ;, I : v. untamed, 10 break. 
 
 unbrotherly : non fratemus: V. 
 bkotherlv. I'hr. : letters v)ritten in 
 an u. style, epistolae non fraterne scrip- 
 tae, Cic. Q. F. I, 2, 7. 
 
 unbruised : v. sohnd {adj.'), nNHCKT. 
 
 unbuckle : 1. difflbulo, i : Stat. 
 Theb. 6, ;6j. 2. refibulo, i : Mart. 
 9, 28, 12. 3. fibulara laxo, i: Ter- 
 tull. Cor. 1 1 : V. TO dnfasten, to undo, 
 
 TO UNTIE. 
 
 unbuilt: ^'- to build. 
 unburden: 1. ("nus) soivo, vi, 
 
 litum, i: Mart, i j, 29, 2. 2. (onus) 
 adlevo, i : Cic. Rose. Am. 4, 10. 3. 
 (onus) explico, avi and ui, iitura or 
 itum, I : Suet. Dom. 12. 4. exonero, i ; 
 tou. a ship, e. navem, PI. Stich. 4, i, 26 : 
 to u. one's conscience, e. conscientiani. 
 Curt. 6, 8, 1 2. P h r. : u. yourself to me, 
 oummitte curas auribus meis. Sen. Hip- 
 pol. 605 : (/ have many troubles) of ^vhich 
 I think I could u. myself. . ., quae mihi 
 videor, unius ambulationis sermone ex- 
 haurire posse, Cic. Att. i, 18, i : v. to 
 
 BELIEVE, to unload, TO UNBOSOM. 
 
 unburied: 1. inbumatus: Cic. 
 Div. 2, 69, 14} : Virg. Aen. 6, 325. 2. 
 insepultus : Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 1 1. 3. nu- 
 dus (poet.): Virg. Aen. 5, 871. Phr. : 
 the u. body of Galba, negleetum Galbae 
 corpus, Tiic H. 1, 49 : v. buried. 
 
 unburnt : 1. inconsumtus : Ov. 
 Met. 7, 592. 2. inustus (late in this 
 sense): Lncan 8, 786. 3. crudus (an- 
 burnt bi-ick) : Col. 9, i, 2. Phr.- verses 
 are u. (escape the flames), diffugiunt 
 avidos carmina I'Ogos, Ov. Am. j, 9, 28: 
 
 V. TO BURN. 
 
 unbutton : dilorico, i : u. a shirt, 
 tuiiiaini (I., Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 124 : u. a 
 coat, vestem d., App. Met. 6, p. 177. 
 
 uncalled: non vScatus, invScatus: 
 
 Cic. N. D. I, }8, 108: V. UNBIDDEN, TO 
 CALL. 
 
 uncancelled: non deletus, non in- 
 
 duCtUS : V. TO CANCEL. 
 
 Uncandid: parum sincerus: p§,rum 
 Candidas : v. candid, sincere. 
 
 uncanonical : non canSnicus : M. L. 
 
 Uncared for : 1. negleclus : Cic. 
 
 Fin. i, 20, 66. 2. vastus; naste by 
 
 nature and u. for by man, vastus ab 
 
 liatura et humano cuitu, Sail. Jug. 48. 
 
 3. incuratus: Vopisc. Aurel. 28. 
 
 Tincarpeted : instratus : Virg. Georg. 
 i, 2 JO : v. ib. 298. 
 
 uncase : v. to uncover. 
 
 uncaught : non captus : V. to catch. 
 
 uncaused : Phr.: that nothing can 
 happen u., nihil posse evenire, nisi causa 
 antecedente, Cic. Fat. 15, 34 : v. to 
 
 CAUSE. 
 
 unceasing : ) v. incessant, djces- 
 
 unceasingly : ( santlt. 
 
 unceiled : v. ceiled, ceiling. 
 
 nncensured: 1. citra reprehen- 
 sioiiein, yuint i, 5, 64. 2. notae 
 
 exeniptus: he was allowed to pass u., 
 notae destinatae exemptus est, Gell. 4, 
 20, 9 : v. to blame, to censure. 
 
 unceremonious: v. ceremonious, 
 
 BUDE. 
 
 uncertain: 1, incertus: u-hen 1 
 was u. vliere you ivere, quum incertus 
 essem, ubi esses, Cic. Att. i, 9: u. in 
 mind, 1. animi, Ter. Hec. i, 2, 40. 2. 
 dubius : I am u. vhal to do, d. sum quid 
 laciaii), Hor. S. I, 9, 40 : u. in mind, 
 animi dubius, Virg. (^leorg. ], 289. 3. 
 888 
 
 anceps, cipitis : m. whether Lucanian or 
 Apulian, Lucanus an Appulus, anceps, 
 Hor. S. 2, I, J4 : elephants are an u. 
 race (fickle in temper), est genus anceps, 
 Liv. 27, 14. Join: incertus exitus 
 et anceps fortuna belli. Cic. Marc. 5, 15. 
 4. ambiguus : fortune wanders with 
 u. steps, passibus ambiguis crrat, Ov. 
 Trist. ;, 8, 16: a boy of u. disposition 
 (not developed), ambigui ingenii, Plin. 
 Ep. 4, 2. 5. levis, e : it is seen lu)w u. 
 they are, perspiciuntur quam sint leves, 
 Cic. Am. 17, 6j : women are of u. mind, 
 mulieres sunt. . levi sententia, Ter. Hec. 
 ;. I, }2. 6. mobilis, e: the wills of 
 kings are K.,regiae voluntates. . mobiles. 
 Sail. Jug. 115. 7. inconstans: the u. 
 winds, inconstantes venli, Plin. 18, j;, 
 80. 8. districtus (perplexed): you 
 
 seem to me to be u., districtus mihi 
 vlderis esse, Cic. Fam. 2, i;. I'hr. : u. 
 in meaning, suspensa et obscura verba, 
 Tac. A. 2, II. 
 uncertain, to be : 1. pendeo.pg- 
 
 pendi, sum, 2: your mind is u., animus 
 tibi pendet, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 19 : i am very 
 u., vehementer animi pendeo, Cic. Fam. 8, 
 5 : we are u., pendemus animis, id. Tusc. 
 1,40,96. 2. haereo, haesi, sura, 2: 
 the scoundrel was u., haerebat nebulo, 
 id. Phil. 2, 29, 74. 3. aestuo, t : ae- 
 stuabat dubitatlone, id. Verr. 2, 50, 74. 
 
 4. vacillo, I : the whole affair is u., 
 tota res vacillat, id. N. D. I, }S, 107. 
 
 5. dubito, I : about which you may 
 be u. whether. . ., quod dubites, aequum 
 sit an iniquum, id. Off. i, 9, io. Phr. : 
 he was of u. health both in mind and 
 body, valetudo neque corporis neque ani- 
 mi constilit. Suet. Calig. 50: the fortune 
 of war is u. (may incline to either side), 
 omnis belli Mars communis, Cic. Fam. 
 6, 4 : so that it might be regarded as 
 K.,uti.. in incerto baberetur. Sail. Jug. 
 46 : very «., perincertus, Sail. Frag. ap. 
 
 Gell. 18, 4, 4: v. CERTAIN, FICKLE, IN- 
 CONSTANT, UNSTEADY. 
 
 uncertainly : 1. incerte : our 
 
 mind wanders u., incerte errat animus, 
 Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 20, 12. 2. incerto ; 
 PI. Pseud. 4, 2, 7. Join : insolenter et 
 raro, Cic. Iiiv. i, 28, 4J : v. random, at. 
 
 uncertainty: 1. duWtatio: if 
 
 that compact admits of any u., si foedus 
 illud habet aliquani dubitationera, Cic. 
 Agr. I, 4, II. 2. Igvitas: constant 
 in its own »., constans in levitate sua, 
 Ov. Trist. 5, 8, 18. 3. inconstantia: 
 Join: inconstantia et temeritas, Cic. 
 N. D. }, 24, 59. 4. temSritas: ih. j2, 
 82. 5. expr. by incertum: will be 
 rci-alled to doubt and u., in dubiiim in- 
 certumque revocabuntur, id. Caecin. 27, 
 76 : it was a matter of u., in incerto 
 erat. Sail. .lug. 38. 6. so by dubium ; 
 while the 7nind is in u., dum in dubio 
 est animus, Ter. Andr. 1, 5, }2. 
 
 . to be in : ^- uncertain, to be. 
 
 unchain : A. With direct obj. of 
 person or thing : v. to release, to un- 
 bind. B. Expr. by solvo, etc., with 
 catenam, vinculum, etc. 1. exsolvo, 
 vi, solutum, J : they w. Caecina, catenas 
 Caeciiiae exsolvunt, Tac. H. {, 31. 2. 
 adimo, emi, emptum, 3 : theyu. the dogs, 
 vincula adimunt canibus, Ov. Met. 8, 
 3?2. 3. demo, empsi, emptum, 3 : u. 
 him, catenas demito, PI. Capt. i, 2, ?. 
 4. detriho, xi, ctum, 3 : she iiriU 
 herself u. her snowy foot, vincia de niveo 
 detrahet ipsa pede, TibuU. i, 6, 30. 
 Phr.: I'riam orders him to be u.'d, 
 levari vincia jubet Priamus, Virg. Aen. 
 2, 146 : they n. themselves, se ex catenis 
 eximunt, PI. Men. 1,1, 8 : v. to loose, 
 TO remove. 
 
 uncbangeable : 1. immutabiiis, e : 
 
 u. causes, causae imniutabiles, Cic. Fat. 
 12,28. 2. immutatus: id. Inv. 2, 53. 
 162. 3. certus: Join: stabilis cer- 
 taque sententia, id. N. D. 2, i, 2 : Id cer- 
 ium atque obstinatum est, Liv. 2, 15. 
 4. stabilis, e: Join: stabile, fixum, 
 ratuni, Cic. Acad. 4, 9, 27 : stabile et 
 tirmum, id. Fin. 2, 27. 86. 5. 'n> 
 mutiis : Jixed and «., fixum imuiotum- 
 que, Virg. Aen. 4, 15. 6. constans: 
 M. fidelity, constans tides, Hor. Od. 3,7, 
 
 4. Join: firmi, et stabiles, et con- 
 stantes (aniici), Cic. Am. 17, 62. 7. 
 imniobilis, e : u. loyalty, i. pietas erga 
 priiicipem. Suet. Vitell. 5. 8. ratus, 
 part, of reor : the u. order of the stars, 
 rati astrorum ordines, Cic N. I). 2, 38, 
 97- 9. perpetuus : Join: peren- 
 nes atque perpetui cursus stellarum, ib. 
 2, 21, 55. 10. indecliniibilis, e (late) : 
 an II. spirit, animus i.. Sen. Ep. 66, 13. 
 Phr.: the man of u. purpose, vir tenax 
 propositi, Hor. Oil. 3, 3, i : nothing is «., 
 nihil semper suo statu manet, Cic. N. D. 
 I, 12, 29: v. one, same, constant, 
 eternal. 
 
 uncbangeableness : immutablii- 
 tas: V. immutability. 
 
 unchangeably : 1. constantis- 
 sime (most regularly): Cic. N. 1). 2, 38. 
 97- 2. perpetuo: O fortune, how a? t 
 thou never u. Javmtrable, nt iiunquam 
 perpetuo es bona, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 46 : v. 
 
 ALWAYS, continually. 
 
 unchanged: 1. immutatus: Ter. 
 Andr. i, ;, 8. 2. perpetuus: u. good 
 fortune, perpetua felicitas, Cic. Brut, i, 
 4. 3. indeflexus : u. ripeness of age 
 (i. e. not altered by time), indeflexa 
 maturitas aetalis, Plin. Pan. 4. .Toin: 
 indeflexus et certus et status, Apul. De. 
 Socr. 2, p. 42, Elm. 4. cenu.> : on u. 
 position, certa sedes, Hor. Od. i, 13,6. 
 5, integer : ivhile opinion is u., 
 dum existimatio est Integra, Cic. Cjuint. 
 
 15,49- 
 , to be. to remain: 1. 
 
 mjineo, mansi, mansum, 2 : my opinion 
 is u., maneo in sententia, Cic. Att. 9, 10. 
 extr. 2. permaiieo : not even the cul- 
 tivation of the soil will remain u., ne 
 agri quidem cultus permanebit, id. Am. 
 7, 23: I shall remain u. in my original 
 opinion, in mea pristina sententia per- 
 manebo, id. Att. i, 20. 3. sfdco, sedi, 
 sessum, 2 : the old love has remained u., 
 vetus in pectore sedit amor, Ov. Rem. 
 108. 4. consto, stiti, stalum or stitum, 
 I : so that his countenance did not re- 
 main u., ut non vultus ei constaret, Liv. 
 39, 34. 5. persto : there is nothing in 
 the vhole world nhich can remain u., 
 nihil est quod toto perstet in oibe, Ov. 
 Met. 15, 177. 6. diiro, 1 : the taste 
 remains u., sapor durat. Quint. 1, i, 5. 
 Phr. : the price of com 'remained u., 
 annona nihil niutavit, Liv. 5, 13: she 
 remains u. either in dress or place, ilia 
 se non habitu mutatve loco, Hor. S. 2, 7, 
 64 : the state of morals being tmiform, 
 the laws u., unis moribus et nunquam 
 mutatis legibus, Cic. Flacc. 26, 6} : v. 
 changelf,s.s, unvarying, to change. 
 
 unchanging: v. unchanged. 
 
 uncharitable : 1. malignus : 
 
 Hor. Od. 2, 16, 40. 2. malus : an u. 
 opinion, mala opinio, Cic Verr. 2, 3, 24. 
 
 2, acerbus: Id. N. D. ;, 31, 77. 
 
 3. iniquus: id. Plane. 16, 40. 4. 
 immisericors : id. Inv. 2, 36, 108. 5. 
 inhiJmanus: Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 41. Phr.: 
 to put an u. construction upon anything, 
 aliquid deteriorem in partem interpre- 
 tari. after Cic. Mur. ji, 64: aliquid male 
 inteipreiari, id. N. D. 3, Jl, 77 : v. cha- 
 ritable, UNKIND, HARSH, SEVERE. 
 
 uncharitableness : discord la: in- 
 
 humauitas : v. malice, unkindness, 
 
 ILL-WILL. 
 
 uncharitably; 1. inhumane: 
 
 Cic. Ofif. 3, 6, ;o. 2. male : to in- 
 terpret u., male inteipretor : v UN« 
 CHARITABLE. 3. immis6ricorditer : 
 
 Join : im., illib6rriliter, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 
 2<). 4. pxpr. by adj., as malignus, 
 
 Hor. Od. I, 28, 23 : v. uncharitable, 
 also charptably, kindly, unkindly. 
 
 unchaste : 1. impudicus: «. 
 
 women, mulieres impudicae, Cic. Cat. 2, 
 5, 10. 2 incesius: id. Harnsp. 3,4: 
 not u. but unguarded love, non incestus, 
 sed inciistodltus amor, Tac. A. 12, 4. 
 3. Ubldinosus (lustful) : u. affec- 
 tions, libidinosi amores, Cic. Tusc. 4, 34, 
 71. 4. biscivus (licentious, in bad 
 sense) : u. t>ooks, lascivi ''hplij. Mart. 
 5, 2, 5 : u. jests, 1. joci, Macrob. Sat. 
 2,6,1. 5. impurus: (of bad character 
 in general): Cic. Pbil. 3, 6, 15. Join-'
 
 UNCHASTELY 
 
 UNCOMELY 
 
 i; N C O M P O t' N U E D 
 
 impuri Inipudicique, id. Cat. 2, 10, 2?. 
 
 6. obscenus : u. pleasures, obstceiiae 
 voluptates, id. N. I>. i, 40, in. 7. 
 prOterviis (iranton : in bad sense): vitli 
 u. eyes, oculis i>rotervis, Ov. Her. 17. 
 17- 8. illicitus (««/«'■/■«/) : i. amor, 
 lac A. 12, 5. 9. iifidus (u7iveilid, 
 indecent) : u. joLvt, sales nudi, .'.iart. 
 S. 2. 4- 10. adulter: adiiltera virgo, 
 Ov. Her. 6, ij?. H. stupri pleniis : 
 Cic. Red. Sen. 6, i}. 12, parum 
 itistus, Hor. Od. i, i}, 59: v. chaste, 
 
 ADULTEBOnS, TNCLEAN, IMPURE. 
 
 unchastely : 1. inceste : Lucr. 
 
 '. 99- 2. inipfidici- : Join: im- 
 pudicisslme et obsccnissiine, Kutrop. 8. 
 22. 3. impure: Cic. I'iv. 1, 29. 60. 
 P h r. : to lioe u., vitum impuram agere : 
 
 V. UNCHASTE. 
 
 unchastity : 1. impudicitia: PI. 
 Pers. 2, 2, II ■ Suet. Aug. 71. 2. ^"1- 
 pruni: Hor. Od.4, 5, 21. 3. obsienitus 
 (impuriti/) : Cic. Kam. 9, 22. 4, l:^"*- 
 civia (lax'ty, wantimriess) : Suet. Cal. 
 j6. 5. 'bido (litst): Cic. Verr. ?, 2, 
 4. 6. incestum: id. Tusc. 4, 55,75. 
 
 7. incestus, us: Id. Brut }2, 122: 
 
 V. ADULTERV, FORNICATION, IMPUKITV. 
 
 unchecked : 'iber : an u. custom (if 
 sinnitig, consuetudo peccandi libera, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 76, 177 : v. to check, ekee, 
 
 UX11RII>I.1;I), UNRl-aTRAINKI). 
 
 oncliewed : non manducatus : v. to 
 CHEW. Phr. : to swallow u. calces, to- 
 las absorbere placentas, Hor. S. 2, 8, 24 : 
 
 V. ENTIRE. RAW. 
 
 unchristian : impius (gen. term) : 
 •quod non decet Chrlstianuin (Kr.): v. 
 
 t'NBELIEVKR, INHnMAN, LNKIM). 
 
 unchurch: * Clirislianorum grege 
 excipio : repuilio : Cbrislianum esse ne- 
 
 go: V. TO E.XCOMJinNICATE. 
 
 uncircumcised : 1. incircum- 
 
 cisus: Vulg. Act. Apost. vii. 51: I'er- 
 tull. Jud. 2, extr. : I'rud. I'svcli. J90. 
 2. praeputium babens : \'ulg. Act. 
 .\post. xi. }. 3. praeputiiitus : 'IVr- 
 tuU. Marc. 5,9. 4. inipraeputiraus: 
 id. Monog. 11, extr.: v. circlmci.sed. 
 
 uncircumcision : 1. pi;iepi"i- 
 
 tium: Vulg. llom. iv. 9. 2. praepu- 
 tialio: Tertull. Marc. 5 4. mid. 
 
 uncircumscribed : v. unbounded, 
 
 riNMMITED. 
 
 uncircumspect ; v. incautiou.s. 
 
 uncivil: inuibanus, ru.sticus: v. 
 RUDE, UNtXJURTKOlS. 
 
 uncivilly : inurbane, rustlce : v. 
 
 Ul:l>EI,V, UNCOTJKTEOUSLT. 
 
 uncivilized : 1, incuUus : Cic. 
 
 Rep. 2, 10 the u. Laestrygmtians, in- 
 culti Laestrygones, Tibull. 4, i, 59. 
 2. barbanis : an u. country, bar- 
 bara patria. Virg. Aen. i, 5 jg. 3, 
 ferus : no one. is so u., nemo tain ferus 
 est, Hor. Ep. i, I, 40. Join: ininian- 
 suetus... ferus, Cic. Les;. 1,8,24: fera 
 agrestisque viia. Id. de Or. i, 8, }j. 4, 
 intonsus (poet.) . the u. Getae, iiitonsi 
 Getae, Ov. I'ont. 4, 2. 2. 5. ""'i poli- 
 tus liumanitatis artibus, after Cic. Kep. 
 I, 17. Pbr. : the u. ages, minus eni- 
 dita secula bominuni, lb. 2, 10: v. civi- 
 
 U/.ED, RUDE. 
 
 unclad : v. uncovered. 
 
 unclasp : v. to unbuckle, undo, 
 
 UNTIE. 
 
 unclassical ; 1. non classlcim: 
 V. ci.A.ssrcAi.. 2. (serotid-rate) : se- 
 cundae notae. Col. 9, 15, i {. I'hr. : an 
 u. author, malus auctor Latinitatis. Cic. 
 Att 7. ?, 7. 
 
 uncle : I. On father's side : 
 
 patruus, Paul. Dig. j8, 10, 14, w here tbe 
 degrees are given : great u., p. magnus, 
 lb. 15 gnat, great «., p. mitjor, ib. 16: 
 lac. A. 12, 22: (jreat, great, great u., p. 
 maxinius. Paul.ib. 17. ||. On vuitliei's 
 fide: avunculus: Paul. ib. 14. (.rent 
 u. : 1, a. niapnus: ib. : Cic. Brut. 
 62, 222. 2. iivunculus: Tac. A. 4, 
 75. 3. a. major: Suet. Aug. 7. Claud. 
 J : Veil. Pat 2, 59. Crrut, great u., a. 
 maj'T, Paul. Ib. 16: great, grtuit, great 
 u., a. maxinius, ib. 17. 
 
 unclean : |. in gen. .- v. dirty, 
 
 roDL, Ki i,THV. 11. legally or ritualbi : 
 
 1, imiitundus. Vulg. Lev. xiil. 46. 
 
 I 2, contamiiiatus : Join: c ac 
 
 sordidue, ib. 45. 3. pollutus: id. 
 xlli. 51. III. Morally: 1. inquiii- 
 iitus : most u. talk, sermo inquiiiatis- 
 simus, Cic. Verr. }, 26, 6;. 2. im- 
 purus: the must u. (if cieaturet). im- 
 puris^imus, Auct iJoiii. 18, 48 a i/onth 
 u. urith all manner of {us(, omni libidine 
 impnrus, Petron. S. 81. 3. 8purcu8 : 
 u. harlots, spurcae lupae. Mart, i, jj. 8. 
 
 4. spurci Ileus. PI. Trin. 4, i, 7. 
 
 5, obscenus : u. words, obsc«'na 
 
 verba, Cic. Fam. 9, 22: v. obscene. 
 
 6. turpis. e: PI. Poen. 1, 2, iij. 
 uncleanly (adv.): 1. impure: 
 
 to lii-e «.. I. vivere, Cic. Km. ;, 11, }8. 
 
 2. parum niuiide: Sen. hp. 70, 17: 
 
 V. KOUl.LV, DIKTILV. 
 
 uncleanness : I. In gen. sense .- 
 
 1. imniunditia : PI. Stich. 5, 5, 6. 
 
 2, spuicitia: Col. i, 5, 8. 3, 
 sordes, is,/., most conmion in/<?Mr. ; the 
 u. 0/ a fusty house, .sordes obsoleli tecti, 
 Hor. Od. 2, 10, 7. II, In nujral or cere- 
 monial sense : \, sordes, iuni,/. : will 
 wash out his u., sordes suas eluet, Cic. 
 Phil. I, 8, 20 : in eccles. sense : Cypr. Ep. 
 ■74. (75)- 2. impuritas . Cia Phil. 2, J, 
 6. 3. turpitudo, obscenltas (nearly In 
 .same sense) : if to u. of suhjects there is 
 added u. of language, si rerum turpi- 
 tudini adhibetur verborum obscenltas, 
 
 Cic. Off. I, 29, 104 : V. FII.TH, rMl'CRITV. 
 
 uncleansed : I. in gen. sense .- non 
 purgiiius : v. to cleanse, unwashed. 
 II. In ceremonial sense: Phr.: a 
 place u. after slaughter, recens cae<ie 
 locus. Virg. Aen. 9, 455 : u. after war 
 aiul slaughter, bello digressus et caede 
 recent!, ib. 2, 718. 
 
 unclench : «■ the fingers, digitos 
 exteiido, opp. to comprimo v. Cic. Acad. 
 
 4.47. '4;- 
 
 unclose: 5p6rio: V. TO open, to 
 
 DISCMISK. 
 
 unclothe : exuo : v. to undress, 
 
 STRIP. 
 
 unclothed : nudus : v. naked, un- 
 
 COVERKU. 
 
 unclouded : I. Preefrom cloud : 
 
 SertllUS V. CLOUDLESS. II. Fig.: 
 
 calm, tranquil : 1. serenus : an u. 
 tnow, frons serena, Cic. Tusc. }, 15, Ji : 
 u. after cloud (;/' cares has been re- 
 moved, pulsa curarum imbe serenus, Ov. 
 Pont 2, I, 5. 2. iranquillus: Cic. 
 Fill. I, 21, 71. Phr.: may the rat of 
 life he «., pars vitae caetera nube vacet, 
 Ov. Trist. 5, 5, 22 : having an u. bosom, 
 omnl detersus pectora nube, Stat Silv. 
 
 1, }, 109 : v. CALM, TRANQUIL. 
 
 uncoil: evolvo, explico: v. to UN- 
 wind, TO UNTWIST. 
 
 uncoiling (subs.): expllcatlo: Cic. 
 Div. I, 56, 127. 
 
 uncoined: infectus: u. silver, in- 
 fect um argeiitum, LI v. ^4, 10: v. to 
 
 COIN. 
 
 uncollected : I. /" PT- sense : non 
 collecius: v. to collect. \\, (Applied 
 to money) outstanding, unpnid: vf- 
 siduus: r pecunia, LI v. jj, 47: the u 
 taxes, vectigaliorum (lor vectigaliuni) 
 residua. Suet Aug. 101. 
 
 uncoloured : I, Lit: without 
 
 colour: 1, pQrus : p. toga, Pbaedr. }, 
 10,10. 2. albns : M. KwA". album opus, 
 Vitruv. 7, }. 3. sineerus: things 
 
 which are u. are spoiled by colour, quae 
 sincera sunt, pMlUiuntur coloruin adul- 
 teriis, Cypr. Hab. Virg. 16. 4, nullo 
 colore fucatus: ih. 21 : v. to colour. 
 II. Fig. : plain, without rtnbellish- 
 ment: iiifucatus (late In this sense): 
 Arniib. 2, p. ?6o, Uauth. [p. 75, Herald.J : 
 v. ri.Aix, siMii.v:. 
 
 uncombed: 1. impexus: Virg. 
 • ieiirt;. }, j66 2. Inconitus: Hor. 
 
 KjxkI. 5, 16. 3. horrldus: Cic. Scsl. 
 8, 19: v. Loi^r, RiiUiiii. 
 
 uncomeliness : dcfomiitas: u. in 
 
 action, d. agendi, Cic. Or. 17, ^6 : v. IN- 
 eh;(;anck, igline.ss, unui-xx>mingne.ss. 
 
 uncomely ("rfj) • 1. ilit^pidus : 
 
 Join: non illepidum neque invenus- 
 mm, CatuU. 10, 4. 2. inconcinnus : 
 Hor. Ep. I, 17, 29. 3. turpis, e : more 
 u, (1, e. Uss comdy), turpior, Hor. Od. 2, 
 
 8.4- 4. Melon.: inbOne&tag, on 1* 
 uound, iDbone«tuni vuUius, Virg. Aen 
 
 6. 497 : V. I.NKLKoAKT, tl,LV, INOKACK- 
 FUL, UNHKCilMIN... 
 
 uncomfortable : 1. m6iegius : 
 
 tuniut niule.>ta. Mart 10, 25, 5 Juv. g, 
 2J5. 2. grivi8,e: the Appian way is 
 Uss u . minus est gravis .Vppu, Hor. .S. 
 
 1. ?, (>. 3. arctiis (artu!.) : u. cir- 
 cumstances, res arctae, Ov. ex P. j. 
 
 2, 25. Phr.: our journey t/xu made 
 more u. by the rain, (actum lurrupuus 
 imbri, Hor. S. i, 5, 9; to liarr an u. 
 voyage, inooinmode uavigare, Cic. Alt 
 5,9: I am somrJiow 11, in mind, iiesdo 
 quid meo ammo esl aegre. I'l. Merc. 1, 
 
 }, i4 : v. COMH)HTAlll.K, ANXIOtS, >'A*- 
 ItO« , USWKLL. 
 
 uncomfortableness : molesUae : t. 
 
 iJisi'cijuciiir. 
 
 uncomfortably : incommode : r. 
 
 DNCiiMH)l!T.\l!I.K. 
 
 uncommanded : |. H'UAoMt 
 
 or(jlers : ^|K>nle tlie toldirrs emttarktd 
 u.,sua sponle naves consienileruiii. (.aei 
 
 B. C. J, lOI : V. USBIDDKN, T\t COMMAND. 
 II, Without a commander : sine im- 
 perio, id. B. G. 7, 20; v. cuumandkb. 
 uncommended: 1. ilUudatus: 
 
 Virg. i.eorg. ;. <;. 2. Inumatu? : Hor. 
 Od. 4, y, JI. I'hr.: (luite u., sine ulU 
 comniendatione, Cic Brut 25, (/i: no 
 age will pats you by u., nulla aelas d« 
 tuis laiidibus conllcescet, id. .Marc. 1,9: 
 
 V. TO COMMEND, TO KFX»MME.VU. TO 
 PRAI.-i:. 
 uncommissioned : sine mandatis, 
 
 Cic. lyig. }. 3, l3: V. TO COMMlKMON, 
 UNIlIIiI.KN, UNCOMMANDED. 
 
 uncommon : 1. ranis : aU excel- 
 lent things are u., omnia praedara rara, 
 Cic. Am. 21, 79. 2. Inusltatus: u. 
 cle(nency, Inusiiala clemenda. id. .Marc. 
 1,2. 3. insolltus: ananliqualrU or 
 JI. word, priscum aut insolitum verbum, 
 id. Balb. 16. j6. 4. insolens : an u. 
 word, i. veibum, id. Or. 8, 25 prolim 
 and «., multus et Insolens. id. de (>r. x. 
 87, }>8. 5. extraordliiarlus: u. saris 
 of fruits, extraordinariae fruetuum 
 species, Varr. R. R. 2. i, 28. 6. exl- 
 mius (always in good sense) : u. rirtuet, 
 eximiae virtutes, Cic. Kin. 1. i j, 42 ; Uu 
 u. height of mountains (late in tbis 
 sense), eximia alliludo. Sen. N. y. 4. 11, 
 •• 7. egrCgius (usii. In good senw): 
 an u. iJispositiim, egregia Indoles, Cic 
 de Or. 2, 29, iji. 8. iiisigiiis, e (in 
 good and bad sense): Ter. Eiiii. 5, 6, }l : 
 V. UNCOMMONLY. 9. sliigulahs, e: 
 
 incredible and u. aJTection, incrollbili* 
 et singularis amor, Cic de Or. j, 4, l|. 
 10. miius (marvel'ous) : mira 
 alacritas. id. Att. 2, 7. 11. mirlflcus: 
 u. experience in uxir, in. Usus In ro mlli- 
 tarl, id. Sest. 5, 12. 12. <?nomiis, e {out 
 of propin'tion'S : w. height, enomns pro- 
 ceritas. Suet. ViteU. 17. 13. inaudit- 
 us (unheard of) : Cic. de Or. I. ?i. i!7- 
 14. riVondltus (f ar ■ J etched) : 
 Join: recoiulitae exqulMl»\]ue sen- 
 tentiae. Id. IIrut.79, 274. Phr.: a storm 
 of u. violence, m.ij<ir solito tempestai^ 
 Sen. N. y. 6, 7, 6 : (f u. site and beauty, 
 pulcher el humano major, Ov. hast l, 
 505: an «. speech, bei/ond the puUie 
 taste, senno non publici sapons, Pe- 
 tron. 5. 
 
 uncommonly: I, -^"' often: 
 
 raro: v. UAiti.LV, seldom. ||. hi un- 
 usual deijree: 1. I'Krfgie (/ see) 
 tliat IktlatxUa pleases mr 11., liolabelUm 
 ... placere... mihi egregie, Cic. All. 
 14, 20. 2. exlmie: Id. Arch. 9, 2cx 
 
 3. plus sOlUo; Ov. H r. 15. 47. 
 
 4. magis tiillio, Liv. 25, 7. 5. 
 praeter sOlitum: Hor. 0<l. 1, 6, 20. 
 Phr.: with eyes u. chterful. hilailori- 
 bus oculis quam solitus era-s Cic. Pia. j, 
 
 II : V. KXTRKMELT, UNUSCALLY. 
 
 uncommunicative : * .-ilkvt. 
 uncompelled: v. unfobckd, wil- 
 
 LINi;. WlLLINCl V. 
 
 nni-omplaining : sine gemMu -. Sen. 
 
 Helv. !. I : V. IATIUNT, PATIK-VTl.T. 
 
 uncompleted: v. impk8k«t, tm- 
 
 FIM.^IU l>. 
 
 uncompounded : I. ''™- toii^' 
 
 8SQ
 
 UNCONCERN 
 
 UN COURTEOUS 
 
 UNDAMAGED 
 
 "of mixed: v. pure, simplf, unmixh). 
 II, Gram, tfrm: simplex, opp. to 
 compositus: Pri>ciiin, 8, 15, 81: where 
 the subj. is discussed. 
 
 unconcern: I. ^^ant of care: 
 
 V. iNDiFFKRKKCK, CARELESSNESS. ||, In- 
 dependence . vacatio : u. »ith any office 
 vacatio omnium munerum. Cic. N. h. 
 
 I, 20, 5? ■ V. FREEDOM, ISDEPENDENCE. 
 
 unconcerned : I. careless .- _1. 
 
 seciirus: Hor. Od. I, 26, 5. 2. olios- 
 
 us ■ an u. spectator, o. spectator, Cic. 
 Off. 2, '7. 26. 3. iiicQriosiis : u. about 
 fame, faniae i., rac. H. I, 49 : v. cake- 
 less, INUIFFERKNT. ||. Independent 
 of: V. free, CONCERNED. P h r. : u.vith 
 any engagements, nullis octupationibus 
 implicatu^, Cic. N. D. i, 19, 51. 
 
 Uncondemned : indemnatus : Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 6, 12 v. innocent. 
 
 unconditional: 1. simplex: u. 
 necessiti/, s. mcessitudo, Cic. Inv. 2, $■], 
 T71. Join: simplex et absolutus, opp. 
 to cum adjunctione, ib. 2. piirus : p. 
 judicium, ib. 2, 20, 60: an u.gift, pura 
 dat'o, Ulp. Dig. J4. 4, 9. Phr. : an u. 
 surrender, deditio in ditionem, v. Liv. i, 
 j8: ib. 7. J I. 
 
 unconditionally : 1. simpliciter : 
 Join: simpliciter et candide, Cic. Fam. 
 8, 6. 2. pure : uhat has been be- 
 qneathed u., quod pure relictum est, 
 Ulp. l)ig. J4. 4. 9. 3. abs51iite : Scaev. 
 Dig. J}, I, I?. Phr.: to swfender u., 
 manus dare, Hor. Epod. 17, i: dedere 
 manus. Lucr. 2, 1041. 
 
 unconfined : v. free, to confine. 
 
 unconfirmed: irrltus: join: ir- 
 rltus infectusque, Cic. Leg. 2. 8, 21 : v. 
 TO confirm. 
 
 unconformable : I. Gen. term .- 
 V. inconsistent, disobedif-nt. II. In 
 geology : perh. *inaequalis, impar. 
 
 uncongenial: ingratus: an u. task, 
 1. labor, Virg. Georg. j, 8 : v. unpleasant, 
 unsuitable, disagreeable. Phr.: 
 / plewied your cause, a not u. task, 
 tuam egi causam, non invita Minerva, 
 Cic. Fam. 12, 25. 
 
 unconnected ; 1. disjunctns : 
 
 Cic. I'art. 6, 21. 2. disjectns : feio 
 and u. buildings, rara disjectaque aedi- 
 flcia, Hirt. B. G. 8, 10. 3. inconditus : 
 tm u. style of speaking, incondita di- 
 cendi consuetudo, Cic. de Or. j, 44, 17;. 
 4, dissipalus : an u. spec h, dissipata 
 oratio, id. Or. 65, 220. 5. dissOluius: 
 an u. style of speaking, dissolntum genus 
 orationis, ib. 57, 19;. 6. interruptiis : 
 Id. Somu. Scip. 6. 7. inconnexus 
 
 (late) : Auson. Idyll. 12 : v. apart, few, 
 
 SCATTER, to RAMBLE. 
 
 unconnectedlr : 1. disperse: 
 
 Join: disperse et diffuse, Cic. Inv. i, 
 52, 98. 2. dispersim : Suet. Jul. 80. 
 3. interrupte : Cic. de Or. 2, 8?, 
 iV). 4. singullini (interrupted by 
 sobs) : Hor. S. 1,6, 56. 
 
 unconquerable : invictus : v. in- 
 vincible. 
 
 unconquered : 1, invictus : Han- 
 nibal u. ill the field, H. armis invictus, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, J5. 95. 2. insupgratus: 
 Corn. Gall, i, J4. 3. indOmitus: v. 
 CNTAMED. 4. integer: Join: in- 
 teger et Intactus ; Liv 10, 27 • Hor. 
 Epod. 7, 7. 
 
 unconscionable : v. unbeasonable. 
 
 unconscionably 5 v. unreason- 
 
 ABLT, UNDITLV. 
 
 unconscious : 1. inscius : the u. 
 sheep, iiiscia ovis, Ov. Fast. 4, 750. 2. 
 insciens Ter. Heaut. 4, i, 19. 3. 
 nesclus u. of impending evil, impend- 
 entia mall n.. Plin. Ep. 8, 2?. 4. im- 
 prudens Join: imprudens ignarus- 
 que, Ter. Kun. i, 2, 56 v. conscious, 
 ignorant, unaware, insensible. 
 
 unconsciously : I. without 
 
 knoii-ing : expr. by adj. : v. um'On- 
 scions. II. IVitliout study: natura: 
 Cic. Brut. 6, 25 
 unconsciousness: 1. obiivio: 
 
 Hor. Ep><l. 14, 2. 2. oblivium Virg. 
 Aen. 6,714. 3. sopor, 01 is a drowsy 
 u., semisomnns s., O'K'1. .ap. yuiiit. 4, 2, 
 124- 4. stupor, oris : AucU Dom. ^6, 
 97: V. insensibility. 
 890 
 
 unconsecrated : 1. pr6fanus: 
 
 (a.) opp. to corisccratus. Cic. I'nrt. 10, 
 }f). (6.) opp. to pius. Ov. Fast. 6, 440. 
 2. nefastus: .Slat. Iheb. i, 27J: v. 
 UKHOLv, profane. 
 
 unconstant : v. inconstant, fickle. 
 
 unconstitutional: 1. tyrannl- 
 cus : u. lau s, lyraiinicae leges, Id. Leg. 
 I. 15- 42. 2. illieitus: Cic. Cluent. 
 47, 1^0: an u. act, illicitum faciiius, id. 
 Verr. ;, 66, 170. 3. non legitimus: 
 
 v. illegal, UNLAWFUL. 
 
 unconstitutionally: 1. contra 
 
 legem Cic. de Or. j, 19, 70. 2. con- 
 tra rempublicam, id. y. F. 2, i, med. 
 Join praeter civium morem atque 
 legem, Ter. Aiidr. 5, j, 9 : v. illegally, 
 
 UNLAWFULLY. 
 
 unconstrained: 1. lege sQiuius: 
 
 Hor. Od. 4, 2, 12. 2. lifeer : PI. Cist. 
 
 1. 2, 9. 3. incoactus (late) : Val. 
 Max. 4, 7 : Sen. Kp. 66, 17 : v. to con- 
 strain, free, voluntary. 
 
 unconstrainedly : v. freely. 
 unconsumed : 1. inconsumtus : 
 
 Ov. Met. 7, 592. 2. Inustus (rare in 
 this sense): Luc. 8, 786. 3. semius- 
 tus {partly coTiSumed) : semiustum ca- 
 daver: Suet. Dom. 15. 4. semiustu- 
 latus (a little burnt): Cic. Mil. ij, j;. 
 5. semesus (half-eaten) : Suet. Tib. 
 
 J4: V. ENTIRE, sound, TO C0NSU3IE. 
 
 uncontaminated : 1. intaminat- 
 us : u. honours, intaminati honons, Hor. 
 Od. J, 2, 18. 2. incontamlnatus: 
 
 Liv. 4, 2. 3. impoUiitus : Tac. A. 
 
 16, 26: V. PURE, UNDEFILED, UNSPOTTED. 
 
 uncontested : v, to contest, una- 
 
 NrMOUS. 
 
 uncontradicted: v. to contra- 
 dict. 
 
 uncontrollable: 1. impotens: 
 Joi n : ferociores inipotentioresque, Cic. 
 Fam. 4, 9. 2. intractfibilis, e; Arnob. 
 5, p J99, Gauth. 
 
 uncontrollably: 1. effuse (;wo- 
 
 fusely) : to ueep u., effusissime flere. 
 Sen. Ep. 99, 21 : the mind exults u., 
 effuse animus exsultat, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 
 U- 2. effrenate: Cic. Sen. 12, ?9. 
 
 uncontrolled: 1. I'ber: Uber- 
 rima indignaiio, Hor. Epod. 4, 10 : liber- 
 um fasiidiuui, Cic. Brut. 67, 2!6. 2. 
 inc6actus (late) : Sen. Ep. 66, 17 : Val. 
 Max. 7, pr. 3. solutus: Join: 
 
 solutus et liher, Cic. Div. i, 2, 4. 4. 
 sine lege : Ov. Met. 2, 204. 5. sine 
 more: Virg. Aen. 5, 694. Phr.: u. 
 sovereignty, omnis dominatus, Cic. N. D. 
 
 2, 60, 1 52 : the Danai reign u., D. dom- 
 inaiitur, Virg. Aen. 2, 527 : Romulus, 
 having obtained u. power, solus potitus 
 imperio, Liv. 1,7: Vulcan (Jire) rages 
 u., furit immissls Vulcanus habenis, 
 Virg. Aen. 5, 662 : the ship now u., 
 (navis) excussa magistro, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 
 j;; : v. FREE, UNBUIDLED, UNRESTRAINED, 
 CONTROL (subs.), TO CONTROL. 
 
 unconverted : religionis negligens, 
 contemptor : v. irreligious, heathen. 
 
 unconvinced : v. to convince. 
 Phr.: / am as yet u., non adductus 
 sum ut credam. v. Liv. 4, 49. 
 
 uncooked : 1. incoctus : PI. Mil. 
 2, 2, 5;. 2. ciTidus (opp. to coctus) : 
 id. Aul. J, 2, 16. Join: semicoclus et 
 semicrudus. Arnob. 7, p. 4J4, Gauth. 
 
 uncord: v. to unbind, to loose. 
 
 uncork : * corticem extraho : v. to 
 
 CORK. 
 
 uncorrected: non emendatus. non 
 correcius : v. faulty, to correct. 
 Phr.: u. verses, carmina quae non... 
 liiura coercuit atque casiigavit, Hor. 
 A. P. 29!. 
 
 uncorru'it : incorruptus : immacii- 
 latus : Vulg. I's. xvii. (xviii.) 26: v. 
 
 INCORRUIT. PURE, UNDKFILKl). 
 
 uncorru ted : indepravatus : Sen. 
 Ep. 76 i;. 
 Ui corruptness: intpgritas: Vulg. 
 
 Tit. ii. 7: v. ^OUNDNKSS, PURITY. 
 
 uncouple (animals), tO : disjungo, 
 
 Xi, CtUUl, J : Juv. 5, 119: V. TO UNBIND, 
 TO UNTIE. 
 
 unCOUrteOUS : 1. inconcinnns : 
 
 u. roughness, inconciniia asperiias, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 18, 6. 2, horrldus: id. t)d. j, 
 
 21, 13. 3. moribiis incompSstitcs 
 yuint. 4, 5, 10. 4. tfetncus: the u. 
 Sabine woTtien, tetrlcae Sabinae, Ov. Am. 
 i, 8, 6t : V. ROUGH, RUDE, UNPOLISHED. 
 
 uncourteously : v. roughly, 
 
 BUDELT. 
 
 unCOUrteOUSneSS : inhuman! tas* 
 Cic. de Or. i. 22, 99: v. discourtesy, 
 roughness, rudeness. 
 
 uncouth: 1. incultus: incultum 
 corpus, Hor. S. i, i, 54 : i. mores, .Sail 
 Jug. 85. 2. incomtus : u. verses, versus 
 inconiti, Virg. Georg. 2, J86. 3. in- 
 compOsitus. u. motions. niotU'* incom- 
 positi, ib. I, };o. 4. inconditus: i. 
 
 carmina, Liv. 4, 20: i. versus, ib. 5J. 
 5. inhumanus : Join: agrestis et 
 inhumanus, Cic. Ked.6, ij. 6. vastus: 
 Join vast! atque agrestes, id. do Or. 
 
 1, 2;, 115. 7. minus comtus: Lac- 
 tant. Div. Insl. 5, i : v. rough, rude, 
 unpolished. 
 
 uncouthness ; v. roughness, rude- 
 ness, 
 
 uncover : 1. detego, texi, tectum. 
 J PI. Rud. I, I, J. 2. recludo, si, 
 sum, J: Cic. Att. 4, 7. 3. nt"ido, i; 
 u.ing her breasts, iiudans ubera, Ov. Met. 
 to. 391. 4. ai'erio, ui, ertum, 4: he 
 u.'d his head, caput aperuit, Cic Phil. 
 
 2. Ji. 77- 5. levelo, i: Tac. Germ. 
 }i. 6. develo, i : Ov. Met. 6, 604. 
 
 7. discooperio, ui, pertum, 4 Vulg. 
 2 Sam. vi. 20. 8. ostendo, di, sum 
 and turn, j: Virg. Georg 4, 2}2. 9. 
 pando, di, pansum and passum, J : to u. 
 nature, pandere naturam, Lucr. 5, 55. 
 10. M. the body, exsero, ui, ser- 
 tum, } : U.S the shoulder, exserit hu- 
 menim, Ov. Fast. 1,409. U. detraho, 
 xi, ctum, J : foil, by a word sig. cover : 
 e. g. (1.) Sperimentum, PI. 8. 42, 64. (2.) 
 tegtimentum, Caes. B. G. 2, 2J. Phr.: 
 the I' hole will be u.'d, removehitur omne 
 tegminis ofiiciuni, Ov. .Met. 12,92: you 
 will u. your side, dabis nudum latus. 
 Tib. I, 4, 46 : V. to discover, to open, 
 to reveal, to show, unfold. 
 
 uncovered : 1. nudus : Virg. 
 
 (ieorg. I, 299. 2. inopertus: Sen. 
 Vit. Beat. 1 !, 2. 3. intectus: Arnob. 
 
 }, p 574 C^'auth.): V. to UNCOVER. 
 
 uncreated : non creatus : v. to 
 
 CREATE. 
 
 unction : |. L i t. -. unctlo : Cic : ex- 
 treme t(. (in the Rom. Catholic Church), 
 *unctio extrenia, Kr. Phr.: to re- 
 ceive extreme n., *sacro oleo inuiigi, 
 Muiet. Vol. 2, Or. 25. ||. Fig.; man- 
 ner of spealcing : to speak iiith u., perh. 
 expr. by, ^0os, ut dicunt, dicendo ex- 
 primo, V. Quint. 6, 2, I J. 
 
 unctuous : v. oily. 
 
 uncultivated: |. Lit. : 1. 
 incultus u. r< gious, incultae regiones, 
 Cic. X. I). 1, 10, 24. 2. vastus (waste) : 
 Join vastus, incultus. Sail. .Tug. 89. 
 3. rildis, e . an u. field, nidis ager. 
 Col. i, II, I : r. campus, Virg. Georg. 2, 
 211. 4. neglectus: w. JieW-s, neglectl 
 agri, Hor. S. i, j, 57. 5. deforniis, e: 
 u. plains, deformes campi, Ov. Pont, j, 
 8, 15. Phr.. to be u. (of land): vaco, 
 1 : Caes. B. G. 4, ;o : v. fallow (to lie). 
 II. K i g. iiidoctus : Cic. Tusc. I, 2, 
 4: agrestis, nidis, etc.: v. bude, uN- 
 
 EDUCATK)), uncouth. 
 
 uncumbered: v. unencumbered. 
 
 uncurbed: v. unbkidled. 
 
 uncured: ciudus: (sl.) not healed: 
 u. iroands. cru a vulnera, Ov. Prist, j, 
 II, 19. (b.) 7i()t pickled: u. lamb or 
 k-id, criidus agnus sive hoedus, Apic. 8, 
 Jfi6 V. TO SALT, TO pi<:kle. 
 
 uncurl : * cirros or cincinnos (or cin- 
 ciiinorum timbrias, cf. Cic. Pis. II, 25): 
 
 laxo, I V. TO CURL. L(K)SEN. 
 
 uncurled: *s6iutiis. 
 
 uncut : 1. intonsus (not snorn) ; 
 u. hair, i. crinis, ribull. 1, 4, J4: v, 
 long, UNSHOHN. 2. incaeduus : an u. 
 iiood, Incaedua silva, Ov. .\m. 5, i. I. 
 3. integer, ra, '■uni piles, tvhose 
 lower part remainea «.. quarum pars 
 inferior Integra remanebat, Caes. B. G. 
 
 7, J5: v. ENTIRE. 
 
 undamaged: inoffensus, Arnob. 4, 
 
 p. J 86 (Gauth.): v. uninjured, UNHDllT.
 
 UNDAUNTED 
 
 UNDER 
 
 UXDERIVED 
 
 undaunted: 1. impavidus: H>t. 
 
 Od. }, ?. 8. 2. iiitrepidub Ov. Mil. 
 lit 4l8. 3. inlerrita-.: ib 5, Sc6. 
 
 4. imp<Tteirltus : Vlrg. Aeii. lo, 
 "1o. 5. Inmiolus I. animus. Tac. A. 
 M, li- 6. foriis, e: go on with u. soul 
 (Lacedaevioniaiis). pergit*- aiiiiiio forii, 
 Cic. Tusc. 1,42, loi. Jciiii: aiiiiiKtoiis 
 atque forlis, Hor. Od. 2, 10, 21 : niagiius 
 fortisque, Cic. Kani. 6, 14. 7. finiiu.-. : 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 261 ; v. brave, feabless, 
 
 FIRM. 
 
 undauntedly : 1. impaviJe : 
 
 Liv. }9, 50. 2. intrgplde : ib. ih, 4. 
 3. Impigre (imessantly) : Flnr. ?, 
 i, 18. 4.f(irtii<'r: Join: fortiter 
 et patienttT, Cic. I'iiil. 11, 5,7. IMi r. 
 Biccis oculis. Hor. Od. I, }, 18: v. 
 
 BBAVEI.Y, STULTI.V. 
 
 undazzled : P h r. : with u. ei/e, 
 lumliu' iccto, Luc. 9, 904: v. to dazzlk, 
 
 DNAVKKTi;i). 
 
 ondecayed: 1. incorruptus: «. 
 
 tpirit and hhod, i. sucus et siinguis, Cic. 
 Brut. 9. V). 2. illabefactus ■ u. har- 
 mony, ill. Concordia, Ov. Ponl. 4, 1 2, io. 
 3. sfilidus : «. strenglh, solidae 
 vires, Virg. Aen. 2, 6!9. 4. crudus: 
 M. old Oi/e, cnuia st.iecttis, ib. 6, 504 
 
 5. indctritus: Join: iiidelritus 
 et Inobsoletus: TcrluU. l^es. Cam. 58: 
 
 V. ENTIRE, SOUND. 
 
 undecaying : 1. immortalis, 
 
 e: Lucr. 1, 58. 2. siiperstes : u. 
 
 fame, fania suprstes, Hor. Od. 2, 2, 8. 
 
 3. Incorruptus : v. imperishable, 
 
 LASTING. 
 
 undeceive : expr. by error, with a 
 verb signifying to take auay : orrorem 
 eripio: Cic. Alt 10,4,1: solvo. Phacdr. 
 4, 4, ?;: dcnio, Hor. Kp. J, 2, 140: IdIIo. 
 CSc. Fin. I, II, IT. coarguo, id. Acad, i, 
 
 4, ij: depillo, id. Div. 2, 28, 60: extor- 
 queo : id. Sen. i ?. 86. P h r. : / am noic 
 u.d, animl resanuit error, Ov. Am. i, 10, 
 9: I tvill u. you, nul>era... cripiani 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 606: non patiarte in errore 
 versari, Cic. jMarc. 10, 2 1. 
 
 undecided: I. I'ncertain in 
 
 widest se7ise : v. uncertain. ||, 
 
 Nearly evenly txilanced: (i.) as to the 
 result of a battle : 1. anceps, cipitis : 
 a. fortuna b<.'lli, Cic. Marc. 5, 15 : a. 
 praelium, Caes. B. li. 1, 26: a. pngna, 
 Liv. 2'7, 14. 2. aequus: aequa pugna, 
 id. 9> 12 : Mars aequus, Id. 2, 6 : to leave 
 a battle m., aequa nianu discedere. Sail. 
 Cat. jg. 3. par: p. proellum, Nep. 
 Tbeni. j. Phr. : it was u. vhich was 
 the conque)or, non dijudlcari potuit, liter 
 utri anteferendus viderotur, Caes. B. G. 
 
 5, 44. (ii.) as to an argumfiit or dis- 
 pute : integer, ra, rum : integrum certa- 
 men, Liv. 54. 62. P h r. : to be u., in 
 pendenti es.si-, Ulp. Dig. 7, I, 2? : to leave 
 u., in susponso relinciuere, Plin. Kp. 10, 
 40 : to keep u , in nmbiguo servare, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 16, :8 ; the question is itill u., ad- 
 huc sub judice lis est, id. A. P. iS. 
 
 III. I'nxttled, uiicoiicluded : 1. 
 intgger: he or lend the nhole matter to 
 he left u. till his return, rem Integram 
 ad roditum sumn jussit esse, Cic. OfT. 2, 
 U, 82. 2. sine I xitu : an u. dispute, 
 disceptatiosiiuMxiiu, Liv. 52,40. Phr.: 
 lo be u., liaesilav, Plin. Ep. 10, 40: viy 
 mind is u., animus pendi-t, I'er. Ad. 2, 
 
 2, 19 ; V. TNCKKTAIN, UNSETTLED, TO 
 WA\i:i(, TO DOUBT. 
 
 undecisive : '"ot tending to settle 
 doubt: amliiguiis: m. a»!s» it,':, ambigua 
 responsa, Suet. Tib. 24: v. UNDKCiDKn. 
 
 undecked : I. n'Uhout a de-k : 
 1, iipertus : 071 u. vessel, a]«'rta 
 navig : opp. to teita or constrata : Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 40, 104 Liv. }2, 21. 2. »"«- 
 tarius : r. navis. Cell. 10, 25, 5. An u. 
 vessel: 1. lintt'r, tris, _/. 2. iiphrac- 
 tus, i./., Cic. Att. 6. 8. ||, Without 
 ornament : v. lnadoiujed. 
 
 undefaced : v. entibe, sodnd, unin- 
 jured, TO DKKACK. 
 
 undefended : I. In K^n-. 'vithout 
 
 protection: 1. niidus: you will pre- 
 terit your side «., riabis nudum latus, 
 Tib. 1, 4, 46 a city u., urbs nnda prae- 
 ddlo, Cic. .Att. 1, I J, i: ". by relatives, 
 nudum a propinquis, id. Red.Quir. 6, 16. 
 
 2. iperius: Caeg. B. G. i, 25. 3. 
 
 d5sertu^ a forti ess u. un that tide, 
 casiellum desertuni ab ea parte. Salt 
 Jug. 94. 4. iiidefeiisus . Liv. 4, 28. 
 5. immunitus : an u. roaU, via im- 
 munita. Cic. Caeciii. 19. 54. ||, Jn 
 
 leyal tense : Indifen-us . unhaird and u., 
 inaudituseilnd., Tac. A. 2, 77 I'lir.: to 
 leave i/ne t post u., praenidium relin- 
 quere, Cic, fuse, j, 8, 17 v. UNI'BO- 
 tk(ti:d; to dkfknd, to pkotI'XT. 
 
 undefiled: |. in mural or cere- 
 
 monial seni^e : 1. Impollutus : u. vir- 
 ijiiiity, virginitas inipolliita, Tac. A. 14, 
 {5- 2. piii'us: a j>/<u:e «., locus purus, 
 l\iv. 25, 17. 3. incorruptus virgo 
 
 incorrupta. Cic. Orat. 19, 64. ||, F i g. : 
 incorrupius: the u. purity of l.atirt 
 speech (comp. " well of English unde- 
 lil'd"). lncorrupt>i Latlni semionis in- 
 tigriUis. id. Brut. }5, IJ2 : v. i-uiiE, 
 
 UNM'DTTlli. To DEFILE. 
 
 undefined : v. indefikitf.. in- 
 
 BOUNDKI). 
 
 undeniable : v. certain, to dknv. 
 undeniably : v. certainly, un- 
 
 DOUBTKDLV. 
 
 under {prep.) : both in local and 
 fg. sense: A. expr by a prep. : 1. 
 sub : (a) with ahl. of obj. : u. the earth, 
 s. terra, Cic. N. 1). 2, 57. 95 "• ""« 
 shade, s. umbra, Hor. Od. I, 17, 22: u. 
 the sky (in t)>e of>en air), s. divo, lb. 2, 
 ?, 2? : s. Jove, ib. i, !, 2; : u. command, 
 s. iniperio, Nep. Euni. 7 : u. Hannibal, 
 s. Hannibale, Liv. 25, 40 : j*. aiins, ib. 
 9, J7 «. penalty of death, s. poena 
 mortis. Suet. Cat. 48 : u. the semblance, 
 s. imagine, V^irg. Aen. 6, 29? u. the 
 ei/es of a master, s. oculis domini, Caes. 
 B. C. I, 57 : «. that condition, s ea con- 
 ditione, Cic. Arch. 10, 25 : u. pretence, 
 s. specie. Just, i, 5. (b) with ace. of 
 obJ. implying motion towards : to drive 
 u. the earth, s. terras ago. Virg. Georg. 
 4, ?2: soit u. the yoke, s. jugum missus. 
 Caes. B. G. I, 7 : to hurry u. (into) the 
 open air, s. divum rapio, Hor. Od. i, 18, 
 1} : go u. their authority and title, 
 ite sub imperium sub tilulumque, Tib. 
 2, 4. 54 : to Jail u. the eyes (one's notice), 
 s. oculos cado, Cic. Or. ?, 9 : to reduce u. 
 the poller of the Athenians, s. potestatem 
 Athenicnsium redigo, Nep. Milt, i : to 
 come close u. (up to) the mountain, s. 
 nioniem succedo, Caes. B. C. i, 45. For 
 SUB, in sense of approximate time or 
 place, see Smith's Lat. Diet, (sub, B.). 
 
 2. subter: (a) with abJ.: u. cover of 
 the shields, s. testudine, Virg. Aen. 9. 514. 
 (f») with ace. : u. the bosom, s. prae- 
 cordia, Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20 «. (touards) 
 the caverns, s. cavernas, Ov. Met. ;, ;o2. 
 
 3. in : (a) witli abl. nearly in same 
 sense as in or nilhin : u. (or in) the 
 shade, in umbra, Virg. Eel. i. 4 : Hor. 
 Kp. I, ■?, 50 : I place u. the same class, in 
 eod'-m genere poiio, Cic. Cat. 2, 9. ?o : u. 
 urnis, in arinis, Caes. B. G. I, 49 (see also 
 ab'ive, 1, and below), (h) with ace. 
 nearly in same sense as into or among : 
 to lome u. a class, in numenim venio. Cic. 
 (te Or. 1,25, 115. So also with refero, 
 id. Div. 2, 2, 4 : adscribo: id. Phil. 2, 14, 
 !4. 4, Intra ("i7Ai>i): with a iveapon 
 hidden u. his garment, abdito intra 
 vesiem feiTo. Liv. 2, 12. 5. ptr (''V 
 meiins of) : u. a )>rete>ve off) iendship, 
 per siniulationem amicltiae, Cic. Quir. 
 Red 8. 21: i(. a .'Ai/ie of nuikivg peace, 
 per speciem reionciliandae pads, Liv. 
 42, 52 u. cover of darkness [absence of 
 momdight). per amica silenii.i lunae, 
 Virg. A.-n. 2, 255. B. expr. by aU. 
 without prep, or by abl. abs. : u. the 
 central dome of the temple, media testu- 
 dine templi, Virg. Aen. i. 505 : u. thy 
 duid'-nce, te dnce, Hor. Od. i, 6. 4 : dis 
 duiibus. Cic. Cat. J, 9, 22 ». an ap- 
 peal ance of favour, specie beneficii, Liv. 
 41,21: u. that cmdition, ea condilione. 
 Cic. Att. i;, I. i: u. the disguise of 
 shipheids, pasloriim habltii. Liv. 9, 2: 
 (a Utter) u. his own hand, siio cliiro- 
 grapho, Cic. Kani. ii-, 21 : s*-*- IxMow. 
 Phr.: u. ai ins, annatus. Cic. Caecio. Ji, 
 t>o : Liv. 27, 1} : see above. A., I and 3: 
 a document u. your outi hand and teal. 
 
 bigiiatus a te llbelluc. Go. Att. 11, 1 : 
 br« above, K. : u. fat', puigig velib. id. 
 I'usc. I, 49, 118 to oifne u. nanx of, 
 numeii occupo, H<ir. Od. 4, 9, 46 . to be 
 u. un idea, v. to .•"VI'pooe u. ihut cir- 
 cuni.>ton<«. quaiiquum ita sint.Cic k*b. 
 2, 5 : giiod qiiuni ita ^it. iil. Alt 14, 17: 
 to labour II. a load of drbt, preiiior aere 
 alieno, id. Cat. 2. 9, 19 : v. to i-bi>*>, to 
 OPi'KEiis to hide good u. eeili. boniim 
 mails alolo: lib. 2, 4, jt : v. 10 hide, 
 TO covKK.— Kor uruirr in cunibiiiatioB 
 with verbs signifying TO i-laci., to set, 
 
 TO TRASIl'LE, TO LIE. CIC, V. TV I'LACI^ 
 
 TO SET, etc. 
 
 under, in aye, number, rite, etc : L 
 niliii.r, v. LESS. 2. intra: from u. 
 
 100 up to intra ct-Diuiii tuque ad 
 
 , Liv. I, 4). 3, infra: not u. 9 
 
 eggs at a time, non \. nuvena (ova), 
 Plin. iB, 26, 62. Phr.: it u o. too 
 years since n<>ndum oeiiiuiii ri de- 
 cern anni sum, quuoi . . . . : Cic. Off. 1, 
 21, 75- 
 
 under age : impub<'s, Ik, and Crls : 
 a lay u. (1., piu-r i., Ov. Fast. 2. HQ: 
 a dauglder a. a, tilia imputes, Cic. 
 Cat. 4, 6, I ?: V. MINOR. 
 
 underbid ('■.) : (offer to make or do 
 a thing at a loirer price) : minoris 
 faciendum coiiduco: v. Cic. Div. z, 
 21. 47- 
 
 under-butler : BupprOmns, i : Pi. 
 Mil. i, 2, 12. 
 
 -cook: 1. "cAqutxs In- 
 ferior. 2. perh. 'coquo vicarius, or 
 vicaria. 
 
 -current: I. 'fvater: \. 
 
 torreiis subterfluens, Plin. 8, 50, 76. 
 2. fluenliiin subterlttUns: v. Vlrg. 
 Eel. 10, 4: Auson. Idyll. 10. 22. ||. 
 Fig.: (a) of thought: inlimae cogita- 
 tiones, Cic. Sull. 22, 64. (b) of feeling : 
 intimus animi seiisus, id liiv. 2, 8. 25. 
 
 -done: 1. minus p-roxtus: 
 
 Plin. 22, 25, 70. 2. semicrudiis Suet. 
 Aug. J. 3. semictxrtus: Plin. 18, II, 
 29. 116. 4. sabcriidus: Oato K. R. 
 156. 
 
 — -garment: 1. tonica : Geii. 
 
 7. 12, }■ 2. subucula: Hor. Ep. i, I, 
 95. 3. vesiis sul'Buta: id. S. 1, 2, 29. 
 4. supjiiirum (chiefly worn by wo- 
 men) : PI. V'^\A. 2, 2, io Lucan 2. 164. 
 
 -gird : I. I0 bind or tie umler 
 
 III gen. : v. to bind, ti giku. ||. I', a 
 ship : navem acclngo, Vulg. Acts xxvii 
 
 '7- 
 
 undergo : I. •" g*""- ■ L 
 subei>. ii, itum, 4: / u-ill u. the tame 
 penalty, eandem poeiiam subibo. AucL 
 Dom. j8, loi. 2. ifro. tuli. li- 
 
 tuni, } : boMi to u. miseries, nuius fer- 
 undis miseriis, I'er. Ad. 4, 2. 6. 3. Per- 
 fero Virg. Aen. 6, 4n ||. I.^unith- 
 ment : 1. do jKM-iias: Cic. An. 9. 10, 
 post init. 2. po«nas jH-ndo lb 11, 8. 
 3. suffero poeiiain. Cic. Cat. I. I}, 
 28. '4. pwnas dejHiido : (u. in full): 
 id. Sest. 67. 140: v. TO SIFKIR. 
 
 a change : v. to change, to 
 
 ALTER. 
 
 under-ground (adv.): v.rMnw, A. 
 
 (adj.) : 1. suhtenanei : u. 
 
 caverns, subterranei sp<-cu*, Cic. Alt. 
 M. 26. 2. subU'rrrnus : ApuL Met. 
 9, 22, p. 227, Elm. 3. sublerreus: 
 Ariiob. 7. 
 
 building : 1. »ub- 
 
 structio, Vitr. 6. 1 1 . 2. hyjx-.gii. um ib. 
 
 — passage: cunicuius.- Cic. 
 
 Off. ?. 2 J, 90. 
 
 railway : P* fh. • via fer- 
 
 rea subterraiiea. 
 
 stove : hypi'icausis. is, /. : 
 
 Vitr. K. 10. 
 
 undergrowth : '^^ rNPERwooo, 
 
 BRUSIIWiKip. 
 
 -hand ("dj^ ■ clandisiinnn : Cic. 
 
 Sen. 12, 40 V. SU'RKT, TRKACMERoL'ff: 
 
 in an u. manner : v. nexl art. 
 hand (<>'''■ ) ■ v. i>ec«etlt, do* 
 
 HONK.STI V. THKAl-IIEWUSLr. 
 
 underived ^•'n</I. ai) .- 1. priKua: 
 
 priscum iiomeu IjiMniim : Varr. I>. I... 
 
 5, JO. 2. principalis: Gell. 11, H, 5. 
 
 3. origiiialis: Macrob.Somn.Scip. 
 
 I, 2, 14: p. 9, Hip. 
 
 891
 
 UNDER-JAW 
 
 UNDERSTAND 
 
 UNDERTAKE 
 
 nnder-jaw: maxilla inferior, Plin. 
 II, }t, 60. 
 
 -keeper; 'custus interior: sa- 
 
 telles interior. 
 
 -leather: *c6rium Inferius. 
 
 -librarian: bibiiiiihecie cura- 
 
 torls vicarjils: v. VaiT. K. U. }, S, $'• 
 Hot. S. 2, 7. 79. 
 
 — -lieutenant : perh. subcen- 
 turio secumlus • v. Liv. 8, 8. 
 
 iinderliei v. to lie, under. 
 
 underline: 1. noto, i ; lu.dfhat 
 passagi', id caput notavi, Cic Fani. 7 2 
 Ov. Met. 9, 52;. 2. signo, i ; Alan. 9, 
 5J. 5- 3. subscrilx), scripsi, iscriptum, 
 i: Cic. Clueut. 42, 119. 4. subnoto, 
 
 I : Suet. Cal. 41 : Apul. Dogm. Plat, i, 
 p. JI ; Elm. 
 
 underling : 1. administer, tri. 
 Join: adiuiuistri et satellites, Cic. 
 Quint. 25, 80. 2. inferior, an iijerior 
 person: crutl touards us, in inferiores 
 crudelis, Aiici. ad Herenn. 4, 40, 52. 
 
 3. ai census . Cic. Q. Fr. i, i, 4. 
 
 4. adsecula : huniills a., Juv. 9, 
 48: assecla Cic. Verr. j, 12, jo. 
 
 5. servulus : Cic. Caecin. 20, 58. 
 
 6. qui partes tractat secundas, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 18, 14 : Arrius, iiho vas a sort 0/ 
 u. to C'jasstts, A. qui fuit Crassi quasi 
 secundarum, Cic. Brut. 69, 242 : v. fol- 
 lower, CrtEATURE. 
 
 under-master : 1. hypodidas- 
 
 calus : Cic. Faui. 9, 18. 2. sub- 
 
 doctor : A us. Pref. 22. 3. * sub-in- 
 structor vel bosliarius: Lowtb, W. of 
 Wykehaui, App. p j8. 
 
 undermine (v-) ■■ |. fo dig under 
 ground: 1. suifodio, todi. fossuin, j: 
 (^ic. Harusp. 15, 52. 2. sub terra fodio : 
 Liv. j8, 7. 3. cuniculum ago : he 
 began to u., cuniculum occultum agere 
 instituit, lb. 4. subruo, ui, fitum, ; : 
 to overthrow by a mine : the vails being 
 a.d, subrulis cuniculo moenibus, id. 5, 
 21. 5. cavo, I : towns u.d in many 
 places, oppida crebris cuniculis cavata, 
 Plin. 2, 82, 8j. 6. fundamenta sub- 
 duco : Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 42. ||, Fig. : 
 
 1. detralio, traxi, tractnm, J : to u. 
 one's reputation, de fama detraho, id. 
 Fam. }, 8. 2. laedo, si, sum, j : had 
 u.d his f/wn reputation, laeserat famam 
 suam, Plin. Ep. }, 7. 3. labefacio, feci, 
 factum, ; : ice u. truth, labefacimus veri- 
 tat«m, Arnob. 2, p. 44J, Gauth. 4. 
 labgfacto, 1 to u. fidelity ivith a bribe, 
 fidem pretio labefactare, Cic. Clucnt. 68, 
 '94- 5. subrumpo, rupi, ruptum, j : 
 Arnob. 1. c. 6. everto, ti, sum, j : to 
 u. an estate, e. patrimonium, Ulp. Dig. 
 47. 6, I. , 
 
 -miner (subs.) : subsessor, oris : 
 
 Arnob. 4, p. jqi, G. 
 
 -most : '■ LOWEST. 
 
 -neath : 1. infra : a copy is 
 
 rvritten u., exemplum infra scriptum est, 
 Cic. Vam. b. 8. 2. subtus : Liv. j6, 25 : 
 
 V. BEI.OW, BKNEATH. 
 
 — -officer : v- subaltern. 
 UH'^ero atory: v. debogatort. cn- 
 
 WORTIIV. 
 
 underpin ("■); 1. fuicio, fuisi, 
 
 fulium, 4: riin. j6, l}, 19. 2. suf- 
 falcio: PI Epid. I, l, 86. 3. substruo, 
 struxi, struciuni, j : see Vitruv, 6, 1 1. 
 
 -plot {stibs.) • *epis6dium : App. 
 
 Face. Lex. 
 
 -prop {subs.) : 1. statunien : 
 
 Col. 4, 2, I. 2. pSdamentuni: Plin. 
 17, 22, J5, I <4 : V. PROP {^subs. ). 
 
 -proi ("•)•■ 1. adminiculor, i : 
 
 Cic. Fiti. 5, 14, 59. 2. adniiiiiculo, i : 
 Col. Arb. 16, 4. 3. statQmino ; Vitr. 
 1, 1 : V. to prop. 
 
 -rate : ext.iSnuo, i : to u. a 
 
 charge, extrnuo crimen. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 
 40, 10? u.ing Vie repoit of the var, 
 eztenaantes famam belli, Liv. 5, 57. 
 
 2. detrecto, 1 Ov. I'rist. 4, 10. lo;. 
 
 3. vilipendo, di, ; PI. True. 2, 6. 58. 
 
 4. tgnuTier aestimo : greatly to u., 
 tennissinie aestimo, Cic. Verr. 4, 16, 
 JJ. 6. tenui {at a Unv price) aestimo : 
 Ter. Hec. 5, ?, i. fi. leniler (ai. le- 
 viter) laudo: PL Poen. 5, j, 40. 
 
 -secretarv : 1. amanuensis 
 
 secundus: Sue:, Ner. 44: Tit. j. 2. 
 892 
 
 scriba librarius : Varr. R. R. }, 2, 14. 3. 
 librarius: Cic. Agr. 2, ij, J 2. 4. 
 
 epistolaris formae secundae : Od. 12, 
 24, 7. (Not secretarius secundus, as 
 
 secretarius is a word witbout any clas- 
 sic." mthority.) 
 
 undtr-secretary of state : v. se- 
 
 cketakv (ii.). 
 
 -sell ; vendo minoris quam ce- 
 
 teri : Cic. Off. j, 12, 51. 
 
 servant : 1. servo vtcarius : 
 
 PI. Asin. 2, 4, 27. 2. vicarius : Mart. 
 2, 18, 7. 3. ancillula (a female s.) : 
 Join : ancillula pedissequaque, Cic. de 
 Or. I, 55, 2j6. 4. *famiilus or fa- 
 mtlla inferioris ordinis: v. underling. 
 
 -setter (*« carpentry) : 1. 
 
 hijmeiulus: Vulg. i K. vii. jo. 2. 
 
 sustentaculum : v. Tac. H. 2, 28. 
 
 -sheriff: *geraefa inferior or 
 
 inferioris ordiiiis: v. sheriff. 
 
 -shot (<i mill-wheel) : (rota) aqua 
 
 subtus versata; v. Plin. 18, 10, 25. 
 
 -song: 1. simus carmini sub- 
 
 textus : v. Auson. Prof. 5, j. 2. sub- 
 missum murmur : Quint. II, }, 4;. 
 P b r. : the nightingale sings her «., 
 lu.sciniae sonus secum ipse niunnurat, 
 Plin. 10, 29, 4?. 
 
 understand: I. f'omprehend.take 
 in iiHtk mind: \, intelligo, lexi, lec- 
 tuni, t : / wish your plan to tie developed, 
 that I may u. it thoroughly, e.xplicari 
 consilium volo, ut penitus intelligam, 
 Cic. Att. 8. 12 : to u. great things from 
 small, magna ex parvis iutelligere, id. Off. 
 I, 41, 146. 2. comprehend!), ili. si^ni, 
 5 : In u. with mind, comprehendere ani- 
 mo, id. N. D. j, 2;, 64. 3. capio, 
 
 cepi, captum, ? : to u. what a happy and 
 immortal nature is, capere quae sit et 
 beata natura et aeterna, ib. I, 19, 49. 
 4. complector, plexus, 5 : tlajt you 
 may u. the whok system, ut totum genus 
 complectamini, id. Verr. 2, 12, 52. 5. 
 ampleclor, }: if the jud/je shall fail to 
 u., si judex non amplectetur, Cic. Acad. 
 4, 8, 26. 6. perspicio, spexi, spectum, 
 J {see thoroughly, make oneselj master 
 of a suhji'Ct) : I charge you to u. the 
 
 whok, totum mando tlbi ut per- 
 
 spicias, id. Alt. I, 12, 2 : argument from 
 things understood to what icos not under- 
 stood, ratio ex rebus perceptis ad id 
 quod non percipiebatur. id. Acad. 1. c. 
 7. teneo, ui, tentum, 2: Ter. Andr. 
 I, I, 59: Cic. Fam. 6. 7. 8. scio, ivi, 
 4 : that tlie Athenians understood nhat 
 was right, scire quae recta essent, id. 
 Sen. 18, 64: that all are able to speak 
 on that which tliey u., omnes in eo quod 
 scirent esse eloquentes, id. de Or. i, 14, 
 6j. In respect of a language or an art : 
 to u. Latin, scire Latine, id. Brut. 57. 
 140 : u.ing (slcilful in using) the liaip, 
 citharae sciens, Hor. Od. j, 9, 10. 9. 
 novi, perf. of nosco : to know super- 
 ficially : he u.s everything, omnia novit, 
 Juv. J, 77. 10. sapio, ivi, and li, } : 
 to have taste or perception. Join; iu- 
 telligere et sapere, Cic. Off. 2. 14, 48 • 
 when he first beqan to u., quum prinium 
 .sapore coepit. Id. Fam. 14, i. H. ac- 
 cipii), cepI, ceptum, ; (to receive as true) : 
 things which I scarcely u. stood, quae pa- 
 rum accept, id. N. D. J, 1 , 4. 12. capesso, 
 ivi.itum, j: Gell. 12, 1, 11. 13. sentio, 
 si, sum, 4 (u. by senses): this animal 
 alone u.s lohat order is, imum hoc 
 animal sentit quid sit ordo, Cic. Off. i, 
 4. 14. 14. eriidior, 4, pass, (to be 
 
 instructed) : he u.stood the I'ersian lan- 
 guage so well, sermone Persarum adeo 
 eruiiitus est, Nep. Them. 10. 15. 
 
 interprStor, I : a letter, whvh I could 
 scarcely «., quam interpretari ipse vix 
 poteram, Cic. Att. 15, 28. ||, To re- 
 ceive information: 1, intelligo, lexi, 
 lectum." J : Cic. Att. 6, 9. j. 2. com- 
 perio, 6ri, ertum, 4: these things were 
 u.stood from the prisoners, ex captivis 
 haec comperta, Liv. 27, 5 - to hai-e 
 u.stood, compertum habeo, Cic. Cluent. 
 45, 127. 3. accTpio, cepi, ceptum, j: 
 if they had u.stood by comnum report, 
 si .... accepissent fama et auditione, id. 
 N. I). 2, J7, 9;. 4. audio, 4; [hare 
 u.stood from older persons, audivi de 
 
 majoribus natu, id. Brut. 26, 100. 5. 
 certior fio ; Caeaar having u.stood by 
 scouts, C. per exploratores c. factus, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 12. |||. In gram.: 1. 
 intelligo : a word is u.stood from, an- 
 other void, verbum ex verbo intelligi- 
 tur (IkAciijI'is), Quint. 8, 6, 21. 2. 
 subaudio ; Ulp. Dig. 28, 5, I : Ascon. in 
 Cic. Vi-rr. 1, 2, 4. 
 
 understand thoroughly : 1. cal- 
 ico, ui, 2 PI. Pers. 2, i, 8. 2. pernosco, 
 novi, notuni, } . the movements of men's 
 minds must be u.stood thoroughly, 
 auimoruni motus penitus pernoscendi, 
 Cic. de Or. I, 5, 17. 3. certum habeo : 
 nor do I u. that very thing thorougldy, 
 neque id ipsum certum habeo, id. Att. 
 
 I, IJ, I. 
 
 — . to make or let a person: 
 
 A. To acquaint : certiorem lacio: 
 Cic. Att. 9, 26: V. to acquaint. B. 
 'lo ci/nvey a meaning : signitico, i; they 
 tmgan to make it understood by the voice. 
 Voce signiticare coeperunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 I J. Ph r. : wliat is 10 be uMood by that 
 speech / quid volt sibi haec oratio .' Ter. 
 Heaut. 4, I, 2 : what is u.stood by those 
 statues (what do thi-y mean) ? quid sibi 
 volunt lllae statuae ? Cic. Verr. 2, 61, 
 150 : it is a question what thing is to 
 be u.stood by that name, quae res ei 
 (nomini) subjicienda sit. Quint. 7, j, 4. 
 
 privately : subinteiiigo : Hie- 
 
 ron. Ep 14;. 
 
 understanding (adj.): peiitus: 
 u. well how to move tears, lacrimarum 
 movendarum peritissimus, Plin. Ep. 2, 
 
 II, init. : v. TO TEACH, TO KNOW, 
 
 intelligent. 
 
 understanding (subs.) .- 1. in- 
 tellect : mens, ingenium : v. intellect. 
 2. Agreement, condition, bargain : 
 q. V. 
 
 undertake: I. in gen- sense: 
 1. suscipio, cepi, ceptum, j : to ti. a 
 business, negotium s., Cic. Cat. j, 2, 5 : 
 u. the cause of the senate, suscipe cau- 
 .sam senatus, id. Verr. i, 17, ;i. 2. 
 siimo, sumpsi, sumptum, j : sometimes 
 with dat. of person . 1 u. the study of 
 philosophy, mihi ipse s. studium philoso- 
 phiae, id. Acad, i, 2, 7 : who M.s to write 
 the deeds of Augustus ? quis res gestas 
 Augusti scribere sumit? Hor. Ep. i, }, 
 7 : the war which the people ordered to 
 be u.n tcith Antiochus, duellum quod 
 cum Antiocho populus sumi jussit, Liv. 
 j6, 2. 3. aggredior, gressus, j, dep. : 
 let us u. some great thing, magnum quid 
 aggrediamur, Cic. Att. 2, 14: with prep, 
 ad : when I u.took the case, quum ad 
 causam sum aggressus, id. de Or. 2. 72, 
 19'- 4. rScipio, } (make a bargain to 
 do a thing) : the man who had u.n to do 
 it, ilium, qui sese facturum recepisset, 
 id. Rose. Am. J9, 1 14 : which thing in- 
 dured me to u. the case, quae res me im- 
 pulit, ut... causam reciperem, ib. I, 2: 
 see below. 5. mcXpto, i (to begin) : 
 
 they u.took it with this hope, hac illi spe 
 hoc inceperunt, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 20 : to 
 think that Aeschinus should u. siich a 
 thing! hoccine incipere Aeschinum ! ib. 
 JO. 6. capio, cepi, capere, j : to 
 form or u. a plan, consilium capio, 
 Cic. Fam. 14, 12 : in old legal phraseol., 
 to u. an office, magistraium capio, id. 
 Leg. ^, J, 8 . v. to takf,. 7. molior. 
 itus, 4 (to plan) : you have nothing 
 here to u., hie, quod moliare, nihil habes, 
 Cic. Verr. i, 51, 1 j?. 8. ineo, ivi and 
 ii, ituni (enter upon), 4 : to u. a plan, 
 rationem ineo, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, iO; 
 consilium ineo, Ov. Fast, j, ?8o : 1 tviU 
 u. your duties, tua munera inibo, Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 846. 9. Conor, i (to attempt): 
 to think before ii.ing, prius cogltare 
 quam coiiari, Nep. Dat. 7. 10. coepi, 
 def. (to begin) : let me first relate what 
 I u.toolc, hnc, quod coepi, primum enar- 
 rem. Per. Heaut. 2, j, 52. ||. To w.a 
 umrk for pay : 1. reclpio, j see also 
 atiove, I., 4. 2. conduco, duxl, duc- 
 tum, J : the contractor wlio had u.talcento 
 make the column.. .,<\m columnam... 
 conduxerat faciendam, Cic Div. 2, 21, 
 47. 3. redlmo, emi, emptum, j: heu. 
 took the quarrels of the society, not his
 
 UNDERTAKER 
 
 UNDISTINGUISHED 
 
 U N D H A W 
 
 oum, socieiatis, non suas lites rcdemit, id. 
 
 Kosc. Oiin. 13, j;. |||, 'I'o a. a legal 
 
 one: 1. caiisam a(^o: Ijv. J7, 54. 
 
 2. c. defciido : Cic. de Or. 2, 48, 198 : 
 
 V. TO DARE, ATTEMPT. 
 
 undertaker : I. I" g'*" : 1. 
 expr. by (jiii Miseipit, iiicipit, etc. 2. 
 suscpplor: Ju^t. 8, j. ||, A ccni- 
 
 Iractor : condiicior: the u. of that work, 
 ejus operis cuiiducior, CIc. Q. V. l, I, 
 
 1 ; V. CONTKACTOIt. |||. All It. of 
 
 funerals: 1. lo.Htor fmieris, Pliii. 7, 
 52, ?5. 2. li'iUiiiarius: Sen. Benef. 
 6, j8, }. 3. pi'lUiictor: Mart. 10, (y), 
 J. Yo dUcharye the ditty of an u. : libi- 
 tinam exerccu, V'al. Max. ;, 2. 10. 
 
 undertaking: I. rite act of: 
 
 1. inc-ptii): i'er. Andr. i, f, IJ. 
 
 2. iiici plus, us (rare) : Xcp. Iphic. 
 
 2 (at. inipetiiti) ■ Val. Fl. 6, 124. ||, 
 The thing undertaken : 1, iiiccptum: 
 Liv. ji. J6. 2. coeptum: Virg. 
 Georg. I, 40. 3. lacinus, 6ris, n. : a 
 noble u., i-gregium f., Llv. }i, 26. 4. 
 factum ; Hor. Ep. i, 2,40. 5. res sus- 
 cepta : to break off' an u. : rem suscep- 
 tam diiimo, (^ic. Leg. 2, 12, Jl: v. plan, 
 
 ATTKUPT, ENTEUPRISK. 
 
 undertreasurer : 1. officialis 
 
 comitis tlii'tiauionini, Cod. 12, 24, 2. 
 2. ptrh. aerarii custos secundus: v. 
 Suet. Aug. }6: v. TRKA.snuici:. 
 undervalue : v. cndeukati;. 
 
 wood : 1. silva caedua, 
 
 Cato, R. K. I. 7: Galus, Dig. 50, 16, }o. 
 
 2. virgulta. pi. : Virg. Kcl. 10, 7. 
 
 3. arbust;i, pi.: id. Gcorg. 2, 416. 
 
 4. diimeta, pi. : Hor. Od. }, 29, 2} : 
 
 V. BBUSIIWOOD. 
 
 - write : v. to sub-scribr. 
 
 writer : Of^ '"'"' joins in a 
 
 imtten undertaking : coiisponsor, Cic. 
 Fam. 16, i8- v. subscriber. 
 
 undeserved : 1. immgi-itus : 
 
 praises not u., laudes non inimeritae, 
 Liv. 4. I J, exti . : with u. help, iinmerita 
 ope, Ov. Fast. 2, 42. 2. injignus : to 
 suffer u. treatment, indigua pati, Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 811 : OH u. vrtmg, indigna In- 
 juria, Ter. I'horm. 5, i, }. 3. iujust- 
 U8 : most u. inconveniences, injuslisslma 
 incommoda, CIc. Fam. 5, 17. 4. in- 
 debTtus: reuurds not u., praemia noii 
 indebita, Ov. Her. 16, 19. 5. falsus: 
 u. distinction, f. honor, Hor. Kp. i, 16, 
 
 jg: V. DHSKUVED. 
 
 undeservedly : 1. inmiCrito : 
 Ter. Phorni. i, 5. 59; most v., immeri- 
 tissimo, ib. : also as subs., -um : Oiey 
 put nie to tieath u., inimerito meo me 
 morti dedere, PI. Asin. j, j, 18. 2. 
 indigiie : Ter. Hec. j, {, 41 ; iiidignissime, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, j8. 3- immerenter : 
 Val. Max. 6, 2, extr. i. 4. expr. also 
 by immerens; having complained that 
 his life tras being taken from him u., 
 conijuestus eripi sibi vitam Inimerenti, 
 Suei. Tit. 10. 
 
 undeserving: A. in good sense; 
 
 1. imiiiOieiis: they kill it. {inimcent) 
 persons as aiminals, Immerentes, ut 
 sceleratos occl<iunt, Nep. Dion 10; do- 
 mlnuB immerens, Hor. Od. 2, ij, 12. 
 2. inimCriius ib. i, 28, ?o: the 
 guilty and tlie u. (innocent), sontes Im- 
 meriiique, Ov. I rist. 2, 274. B. I" 
 
 bad sense : indignus : the caJamities of 
 u. men, hominuni indignorum calami- 
 tales, Cic. fuse. 4, 20, 46 : v. wobthless, 
 
 UNWORTHY. 
 
 undesigned: fonuitus (i long, Hor. 
 
 Od. 2, 15. 17) an u. sliipn-reck, fortui- 
 lum naufragium, Tue. A. 14, 11 : v. de- 
 sign kd. 
 
 undesignedly : Wmere : Cic Div. 
 2,6, 1%. 
 
 undesigning: v. artlfss, sriple. 
 
 undesirable: non exfiCuMidus : a 
 
 station u. oti account of the pirates, eta- 
 porium.... non expeteiidum propter 
 piratas, Plin. 6, i}, 26. 104 ; v. desir- 
 able, to DKSIItK 
 
 Undesioiled : inspfiliatus, Virg. 
 Aen. II. 594: V. iNPi.nNDEREi). 
 
 undetected : 1. indeprensus r an 
 
 u mistai.e, i. error, Virg. Aen. ;, 591. 
 
 2. obscurus: ib. 2, u?. 3. se- 
 
 crStUB . an u. fault, sccreta culpa, Seu. 
 
 Hipp. 721 : V. TO HIDE, TO DETECT, ' 
 
 EECui-rr. 
 undetermined: '• cndecided, is- 
 
 DKTMCMINATK. 
 
 undeveloped : |. -Vot made 
 
 known : 1. telalus : u. virtue, celata 
 virtus, Hor Od. 4, 9. jo. 2. non vul- 
 gatus : nu-thiHts u. bifore, non ante vul- 
 gatae artes, Hor. Od, 4, 9, j v. to hiuk, 
 
 TO CONCEAI,, known, TO MAKIl. 3. 
 
 amblguus a boy of u. disposition, am- 
 bigui ingeiiii, Pliii. Fp. 4, 2 : v. uouirr- 
 FDL. II, Unripe, not matured or 
 
 grownup: \, immiitunig: u. plans, 
 ininiatura consilia, Liv. 22, }8 : Im- 
 niaiura virgo, Dip. Dig. 50, 10. 28. 2. 
 rudis, e : nolfull-yyonn, r.agna. Mart. 9, 
 72, 6. 3. crudus: cruda puella, 
 
 .Mart. 8, 64. II ; v. dnbipe, grown up, 
 
 T<l l>K\ Kl.dl'. 
 
 undigested: I. Of food: 1. 
 crudus : crudus pavo, Juv. i, 14}. 
 2, imperfcctus ; i. cibus. Id. j, 2jj. 
 3. rgses, idl.s not u>ed In num. sing. : 
 u. piices of cheese, resides ",isi-i, Varr. 
 R. K. 2, II, }. II. Imperfectli/ con- 
 sidered: inordlnatus. Join: inordln- 
 atus aut indlstincius, (juiiit. 3, 2, 1} : v. 
 
 CONl-L"si:r>, IirSOItDKRLV. 
 
 undiminished: 1. imrninutus: 
 Dig. 24, 2, 6. 2. Iiiattfinuatus u. 
 hunger, inatt. fames, Ov. Met. 8, 844. 
 3. indSlibatus (itntasled) : n. 
 ti.'eallh, liidclibatae opes, Ov. Trist. i. 4. 
 28. 4. illibiitiis: «. eTiipi/r, illib;ituin 
 imperium, Liv. j, 62. 5, indumi- 
 tus: Fig.: u. con<e«<. Mars iiidoinltus, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 440. 6. soildus: solidae 
 vires, ib. 6J9 : v. entire, to diminish. 
 
 undiscerned: Imperceptus: n. 
 falselidoiis, impiicepta ineiidacia, Ov. 
 Met. 9. 710: v. I'NsKi-JJ. 
 
 undiscernible : v. invisible, indis- 
 
 CRIMINATK. 
 
 undiscerning: v. dull. 
 
 undisciplined : inexercltatus : 
 Join: rudis et inp.\<rcitatus, Cic. Tusc. 
 2, 16, !8. Ph r. : an u. soldier, tiro, ib. : 
 quite »., nulla disclplnia a-ssnefactu.-i, 
 Caes. H. (J. 4, 2 : a man previously u., 
 qiit non ante majorum di.scipllnam per- 
 
 Cepit, Cic. Div. I, 41, 91 : v. UNTRAINED, 
 UNTAUGHT. 
 
 UndiscOVerable : indeprf henstMlis : 
 
 PsPUll.-guint. 4, 15: v. DISCOVERABLE, 
 TO DISCOVER. 
 
 undiscovered: 1. irrCpertus: u. 
 gold, aurum irrcpertum, Hor. Od. j, !, 
 4). 2. Indeprensus (or indcprehcMi- 
 sus) : V. UNDETECTED. Phr. . tilings H., 
 res caliglne inersne, Virg. Aen. 6, 267. 
 
 undisguised: v. open, to dis- 
 guise. 
 
 undisguisedly ; 1. pfi'am : 
 
 Join, palam et libere: Cic. N. D. 2, 
 
 (>i, IS"?- 2 coram ■ Hor. Od. }, 6, 29. 
 
 3. propalam : Tac. A. 6, 7 : v. 
 
 OPKNI.V. 
 
 undismayed : v. undaunted. 
 
 undisputed : certus : an II. posses- 
 sion, ceria p<)S.sessio, Cic. Fam. 12, 25. 
 Pbi. : the matter nas «., lontroversia 
 non erat, id. Caecln. 11, ?l : a matter 
 which is «., res quae ab adversarlo non 
 negatur, Ib. J2: since this is u., quum 
 hoc constet, ib. : v. to dispute, un- 
 doubted. 
 
 undissembled : ''• undisguised, to 
 disseji ble. 
 undistinguishabie • jndiscrgtuB : 
 
 ofl'spring (^tn-ins) u. by their own par- 
 ents, proles indlscreta suis pjirentlbus, 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 192. I'h r. : thinys u. by 
 the sight, quae corneri* et videre non 
 possumus, Cic. do Or. ), 40, 161 : things 
 which are u. from the false, qualia (or 
 quae) a falsis discemi (or intcmosci) 
 non possunt. Cic. Acad. 4, 7, 22: v. in- 
 distinct, undistinguished. 
 
 undistinguished : I. -Vof sepa- 
 rate : iiidiscretus : smne persi/ns use 
 these names it. (.without distinction), 
 quidam indijcretis his nominibus ulun- 
 tur, Cels. 4, J. II. AW remarkable, 
 mean: 1. ipmibllls. e : Cic. Verr. s, ii, 
 28. 2. ingiiirlus : an u. lije, vita in- 
 gloria. id. lusc. ?, U. 8l : v. remark- 
 able, MEAN, unknown. Phr.: tn pass 
 
 an u. life, vitam sllenlio transire. S>1L 
 Cat. I. 
 
 undisturbed : 1. ituperturbatiu; 
 Ov. Ibis 5t)o. 2. immOtus u. ptaee, 
 Immola pa.\. Tat. A. 4. J2. 3. tMr 
 bills, f: auu. and tare co/if itiuamr, si*- 
 bills et ceria permanslo, Cic Inv. 2, $4, 
 164. 4. immuiiis. e: u. by nar. i. Ijelli, 
 Virg. Aen. 12. 558. Phr.: / will leave 
 yiiu u. (1,11 tn<iairiet), nihil te int' rp.-|. 
 lal)0, Cic. Tusc. I. 8, 16: u. by m'/uiry, 
 sine r.lla iiiter|K'llailon<-, id. Fain. 6. lU: 
 u. peace, sumuia pax. Lucr. 1, 58: v. 
 
 CALM, QUII-T, Vhf.y., TRANlvUIL. 
 
 undisturbedly: v ••ALMLy.t/ciETLT. 
 
 undivided: 1. imiivi^us: u. 
 
 hoo/s. uii^'ulai- i. a.s, Varr. K. It. 2, 7, i; 
 
 v. UNBROKEN. ENTIRE, WHoLK. 2. 
 
 anlcus (in moral s<-nse) : u. agreement, 
 unica coiicordla, Llv. }, J}. Phr.: "ilk 
 u. attenliiin, totii iiienle atque umui 
 animo, Cic. de Or. 2. 21. 89. hr giiys kiM 
 u. attention to the war, lotus I'l m>-iite 
 et animo In bellum... iimisilt, Caca. 
 B. G. 6, ; the ricer Filfrenui llowi u., 
 ...in ununi tonfiuit, Cic. Ijeg. 2, j, 6: 
 u. by comjilaints, non divul^u.^ queri- 
 monlis, v. Hor. (Jd. t, ij, 19: v. oNB, 
 
 UNANlMnI s, Tn AIJREE, TO DIVIDE. 
 
 undivulged: v. to di\uix;e, nii- 
 known, sKtRi-rr. 
 
 undo : I. To untie (a knnl) : \, 
 solvo, vi, sOlutum, j : iiodum solvo, Hor. 
 Od. J, 21, 32. 2. dissolvo. i : to u. a 
 broom (prov.), scopas dissolvo, Cic. Oral. 
 TI, 2?J. 3. exsolvo, J : hastening to get 
 the cord undone, properans exsolvi res- 
 tim, PI. Rud. 2, J, 7. 4. rCwjlvo. } (to 
 open) : to u. a btter, resolve lit'-ms. 
 Liv. 26, 15. 5. disslpo, I : to join 
 things undone, dissipala connetio, Cic. 
 Or. 71,2;,. 6. 'XpMio, 4: until this 
 knot be unti/nie, diiin hie D0<1us f.\p<-di- 
 atur, Cic. Att. ;, 21, j. 7. dissuo (un- 
 sew), utum. ?; to u.friencLships, aniici- 
 tiasd., Id.OfT. i. jj. 120: v.to UNTit; n) 
 LOOSE, TO UNBIND. ||, To destroy, !o 
 ruin: 1. irritnm facio, or efflcii-: 
 
 you u. everi thing, omnia irrita facis, 
 Liv. 9, II : he wdl not u., nun irritnm 
 efflciet, Hor. Od. i, 29, 45. 2. i'l- 
 fectura reddo: ib. 47. 3. pessum do, 
 or in one noid, pes.sunid'% diSli, datum, 
 I : they will n. ine or my m<irf<-r, me aut 
 herum pessuni ilaliuni, Ter. .\ndr. 1, }, 
 
 J ; v. TO BUIN, Ti> I>l .-TIIOV. 
 
 undone, to be : pin o, it (ivi), itum. 
 4: ire aie u., penimus,Ter. Ad. }, 2, 26k, 
 Join: interii, pel li, PI. Most. 4, 4, }6. 
 
 undoer: perditor- u. of the state, p. 
 reipublicae, Cic Plane, jb, 89 : v. dk- 
 
 STKOYER. 
 
 undoing: dis.solutio: the u. of all 
 laws, leuum omnium d., Cic. Phil. 1, 9^ 
 
 21; V. RUIN, Df>TKUCTIi'N. 
 
 undone: \'. unhnishkd. ruined. 
 undoubted : 1. indiibitaius u. 
 
 /(O/)'-. i. spes. Plin. ji. J. 27. 2. baud 
 diibitandus: Virg. .\en. j, 170. 3. 
 non dubius: «. friends, non dubii »o- 
 dal.-s, Ov. Pont. 4, 1 }, I : and it is u., 
 neque est dublum, CIc, de CIr. 2. 78, 117. 
 4. Justus (uW/-(Uic<r/aifif<i): an u. 
 enemy: Join: Justus et leRitlmus 
 hostis, Cic Off. }. 29. lo8. 6. vfnis 
 (genuine): u. chUdrrm. verl nati, Prop. 
 2. 7, 55- 6. certus : t4. signs, cerU 
 signa, Virg. Grorg. I, ;;i. Join: plan- 
 us el certus, PI. Pers. 2, 2. i: v. cer- 
 tain, GENUINE, REAL. 
 
 undoubtedly: 1. pr.vnMDWor 
 
 Liv. 59. 40. 2. iipertp u. itui, a. 
 malu.s, IMiii, Kp. J, 9. 3. pline: 
 
 Join: plane atque oiiinin<>, Cic. Brut 
 59. 21;. 4- sJine : II. / may t>t 
 
 coitntrifietl, rusiica sim sane, Ov. Her. 
 
 17, U : V. cmTAlNLV, TRULY. 
 
 undoubtedly: v. unhk.mtatinglt. 
 undowered: v. ukenixiwid. 
 undrained: v. to drain, to la- 
 
 IIAUST. 
 
 undraw: C" ci'Wain) : 1. «u- 
 laeum prcmo: v. Smith. Diet, of Antiq. 
 p. 1046. 2. auUeum mitto the 
 
 curtains are u.n, aiilaea prrmunur, 
 Hor. Kp. 2, I, 189: fie curtain tieing 
 u.n, aulaeo misso, Phaedr. « " 2j. 
 Phr.: the urn leaves no name u.n, 
 89J
 
 UNDRESS 
 
 UNENCUMBERED 
 
 UNEVEN 
 
 omnc. . movet uraa nonien. Hor. Od. 
 J, I. i6. 
 
 undress (t!.) i. exuo, ui, utum, 
 J (i. absol. and with vestem uuder- 
 sto'id) u. there/ore, exue igitur, PI. 
 Wen. I. ?, i6. (ii. with ace. ami abl, 
 undress a perstni) . aliqueni veete exuo. 
 Suet. Ner J2 ; pellibus e.\uo, Hor. Epod. 
 •!• '5- 2. vesietn detiaho: Cic. Brut. 
 75, 262. 3. nudo, I ; he ordered the 
 tribunes to be u.'d, nudari tribunos 
 
 jUSSit, Liv 2<), 9 V TO STKIP. 
 
 undress (sulis.): in a state of u., 
 Phr \n vf&t£ Tecmct& (^slightly fastfn- 
 ed), Virg. Aen 4, 518; tunica recincta, 
 Ov Am. }, I 51; discincta tunica, ib 
 f, 2, Ji : di.>icinctus, Hor. S. 2, i, ij; 
 sine toga Candida {not in Jull dress), 
 Liv. J9. J9 i quidlibet indutus, opp. to 
 purpureus ainictus, Hor. Kp. i, 17, 28; 
 cultu non specio.sus, Petron. 88 : v. hn- 
 
 ADORNKD TO DRESS. 
 
 undressed ; |. ^'ithout clothes .- 
 nfidus Virg. Georg. i, 299: v. babe, 
 TO STKIP. II, Unprepared ; 1, 
 
 crudus: u, hides, coria cruda, Vltr. 10, 
 21 : V Pljn. I }, 9. 19. 2. rudis, e : u. 
 wool, rudis lana, Ov Met. 6, 19. 3, 
 surdus u. material, surda materia, 
 Plin. 1 5, 15. ?o. 4. indSlatus: Arnob. 
 
 p. 444, tiauth. : V. UNCOOKED, TO DRESS, 
 DNFASHtONEn. 
 
 undressing-room : apodyterium : 
 
 Cic. y. F. J, 1, I : V BOBIN6-B0OM, DBESS- 
 
 IKG-ROOM. 
 
 undue ', 1. indgbltus (not due) : 
 
 rewards u., praemia non indebila, Ov. 
 Her. 16, 19 V. Di E. 2. inlquus (eices- 
 siie): u. weight, iniquum pondus, Virg. 
 
 Georg. I, 164 V. EXCESSIVE, INSDFFI- 
 CIKNT. 
 
 undulate ; 1. undo, i : u.ivg 
 smolce, undans fumus, Virg. Aen. 2, 
 609 an u.ing cloak {floating in waves), 
 undans chlamys, Pi. Kpid. j, j, 51. 
 
 2. fluctuo, < : an u.ivg crmvd, turba 
 fluctuans, Tac, H. i, jo : the corn u.s 
 with the W. wind, fluctuat Zepbyro 
 Beges, Sen. H. Fur. 698. 3. vacillo, i : 
 the earth ti.s, terra vacillat, Lucr. ;, I2j;. 
 
 4. vibro, I the earth shakes and 
 U.S, tremit terra vibratque, Plin. 2, 80, 
 82. 5. nulo, 1 : the buildings u.d, 
 tecta nutab.int, id. Ep. 6, 16 . v. to 
 
 BOCK, TO FLUCTCATE, TO WAVE. 
 
 undulating: 1. unduiabundus- 
 
 Gell. 2, ?o, }, uith an u. molion : 2. 
 undabimdus . Amm. Marc. 17, 7, med. 
 
 3. uiidulatiis : of an u. (navy) 
 pattern : nnd. togae, Varr. ap. Non. 
 Marc. p. 189. 4. undatus : a shell of 
 an u. form, Imbricalim umiata concha, 
 Plin. 9, jj, 52. 5. undatim : id. ij, 
 I!. JO- 6. fluctuatim: Alran.ap. Non. 
 p. III. 7. undanter: Mart. Cap. 2, 55: 
 
 V. TO WAVE. TO ROCK. 
 
 undulation : 1. motus, us : when 
 
 the seas lay aside their u.s, qunm po- 
 
 nunt at-quora motus, Prop, j, ij, ji. 
 
 2, trfimor, oris : u. of the eaiih : t. 
 
 terrae, Plin. Ep. 6, 20. 
 
 undulatory. v undulating, wavt. 
 
 unduly : (usu. on side of exctss) : 
 1, egregie . hefollonednmie of these 
 pursuits «., homm nihil egregie studebat, 
 Ter. Andr. 1, i. ;i. 2. niniis ib. 
 34: u. hix iiimis remissus, Nep. Jphic. 
 J. 3. nimium u. loyal, n. pii, Hor. 
 Od. }, f, 58. 4- m'&ie. a shoe u. 
 loose,m. laxus calceus: Id. S. i, j, n 
 u. rich, m pinguis, Virg. Georg. 1, 10; 
 
 5. plus Justo Hor. Od. ?, 7, 24. 
 
 6. expr. by comp. : u. disturbed in 
 mind, amnio commotior- Tac. A. 4, t: 
 u. angry, iracundior. Just. 7, 6 his 
 death disturbed me u.. plus quam (servi) 
 mors debere videbatur, commoverat, 
 
 Cic. Att. I, 12, 5 V. INADEQUATELY, 
 EXCESSIVELY, OVERMUCH. 
 
 undutiful: impius: impia manus, 
 Hor. Epod. J, I : v. disobedient, un- 
 
 ICND. 
 
 undutifulness : impietas: Ov Met. 
 4, 4 ib. 8. 477. 
 
 undying ; v. deathless, cnfadikg. 
 
 nneartn : 1. tellure {or terra) 
 
 rgcludo V Virg. Aen. 1, J58. 2, 
 
 detfigo, texi, tectum, j when the bones 
 89t 
 
 of Capys tuul been u.'d, quando ossa 
 Capyls detecta essem, Suet. Jul. 81 : v. 
 TO dig up 
 
 unearthly : 1. baud {or non) mor- 
 talis Virg. Aen. I, }28. 2- moii- 
 
 slruosus a most u. monster, mon- 
 siruosisbima bestia, Cic. l)iv 2, 52,69 
 
 3. humano major: Ov. Fast. 2, 
 50J. 4. pr6digio>us Id. Am. j 6, 
 17. 5. inhunianus: an u. ban- 
 
 quet, Inh. mensa, Apul. Met. 5, 7, p. 
 162. Elm. 6. non tenuis : v Hor. Od. 
 2, 2c, I 7. mirus Virg. Aen. 6. 758. 
 
 8, terribilis: ib. 299: v. hea\enli, 
 
 supernatural, STBANGE, MONSTROUS. 
 
 uneasily: L mSlesie. to bear 
 u. m. tero. Cic. Q. F i, i, i. 2. 
 
 graviter : ib. 3 aegre ae. palior, 
 
 Liv 7,1}, 4. 4. male: to sleep u.,va. 
 dormio, Petron. 86 5- inconstanter 
 Join • i. et turbide, Cic. Tusc. 4, 10, 24. 
 6. turbate: Caes. B. C. i, 5. 7. 
 trepide Suet. Ner. 2;. 
 
 uneasiness ; 1. perturbatio : (in 
 
 sleep), Cic. DIv. i, jo, 62 : u. of tempers, 
 p. aninionim, id. Agr. i, 8, 24. 2, 
 turba id. Fam. 6, 6, ex<r. 3. trepl- 
 datio ■ id. Deiot. 7, 20. 4. commotio 
 id. Tusc. 4, 6, If. 5. soUicitiido, inis: 
 P'lmp. ap. Cic. Fani. 8, 12, A. 6. 
 aegriludo, agen. term applied 10 various 
 passions by Cic. Tusc. j, 10, 21, and 
 elsewhere : v. anxiety, fear, disquiet. 
 to feel ; v. anxious, to be : 
 
 UNEASY 
 
 to cause ; v. to trouble, to 
 
 ANNOY, TO DISTURB. 
 
 uneasy; |. in mind: 1, tr6- 
 pidus: Virg. Georg. 4, 75. 2. pa- 
 vidus : Yitellius, u. at every snspicion, 
 V. ad omnes suspiciones pavidus, Tac. 
 H. 2, 68 : v. restless, anxious, timid. 
 II. As a seat, a bed, etc. : v. uncom- 
 fortable. 
 
 to make ; v. to dlstubb, to 
 
 HARASS. 
 
 unedifying : 1. frigidus . Cic. 
 
 Brut. 48, n8. 2 jejiinus: id. Off. I, 
 44. '57- 3. insulsus: id. Fam. 9, 16: 
 
 V. COLD, dull, LIFti,ESS. 
 
 uneducated ; 1. inerudltus : an 
 ic. judgf, i. judex: Quint. 10, i, J2. 
 2. indoctus: Themistocks was re- 
 gardeii as lather u., T. habitus est in- 
 doctlor, Cic. Tusc. i, 2, 4. 3. rudis, e: 
 plainly u., plane rudis. id. de Or. 2, i<), 
 162. 4- non sails eruditus id. Tusc. 
 
 1. J, 6. 5. non doctus : id. de Or. 
 
 2, i;, 54. 6. sinedo< trina: id. Arch. 
 5, 10. 7. ignarus disciplinae, id. C. 
 Kiib. to, 28. 8. nulla disciplina as- 
 suefactus : v. Caes. B. G. 4, i. 9. 
 meiliocriter doctus, Plin. Ep. i, 10. 
 Phr.. the u. rudeness of bai barians, 
 neglecta barbarorum inscitia, Cic. Fam. 
 
 9. J V. UNSKILLED, UNTAUGHT, TO EDU- 
 CATE. 
 
 unembarrassed: |. Free from 
 burden . v free, unencumbered ||. 
 In manner : liber . an u. voice, vox 
 lihera, Liv ?5, 52. In an u. manner. 
 Join sinipliciter et libere, Plin. Ep. i, 
 I J : faiiiili.inter ■ / will speak uith you 
 u. {vith/mt embarrassment), f. tecum 
 loquar, Cic. Div. in Coec. 12, J7. 
 
 unem 'loyed : 1 otiosus : Cic 
 Brut. ?, 10 it is better to be u. than to do 
 nothing, satius est otiosum esse quam 
 nihil agere, Plin. Ep. i, 9 money u., 
 oiiiisae pecuniae, ib. 10, 62. 2. 
 
 vacuus- Hor. Od. 1,6, hj ; Cic. Leg. i, 
 
 4, I? «. money, vacua pecunia, v i. 
 numi. Dig. ib. j, 28: openim v. Hor. 
 
 5. 2, 2, 119. 3. feriatus: Varr. R. R. 
 I, 16, 4. 4. liber laborum: Hor. 
 A. P. 212. 
 
 to be : 1- cesso, I . Cic. Seu. 6, 
 
 18. 2. nihil ago: lb. 17. 3. nihil 
 negotii habeo id. Off. J, 28, 102. 4. 
 vaco. I : to be u. in mind, vaco animo, 
 id. Div. I, 6, 10. Phr.: he is quite u., 
 nullis occupationibus est impiicatus, id. 
 N. D. I 20, 52. 
 
 unencumbered: 1. Kber: my 
 estate is very far from being u. tantum 
 abest ut meae rei familiaris liberum sii 
 quidquam, Cic. Fam. 11, 10 2. ex- 
 peditus . id. Att. 8, 9, }: Quint. 6, ij. 
 
 3. sSlutns u. by any loan, s. onin! 
 foenore, Hor. Epod. 2. 4; soluta praedia. 
 (opp. to obligHta), Cic. Agr. j, 2, 9. 4, 
 u. by debt , aere alieno liberatus, Cic. 
 
 Att. 6, 2, J ; V. FKEK, TO relieve, TO 
 burden, TO ENCCM BER. 
 
 unendowed ; Indotatns . an u. art, 
 ars indotaia, Cic. de Or. i, 55, 2J4: v 
 
 TO ENDOW. 
 
 unenglish : perh. * contra mores et 
 eonsuetudinem Anglorum. To be un- 
 english : * consuetudini et moribus A. 
 repugiiu. 
 
 unenlightened : 1. riidis, e : J o l n : 
 rudis et imperitus, Ijactant. Div Inst. 
 
 1, 21 : hebes atque impolitus, Cic. de Or. 
 
 2, JI, i;?. 2. minus erfidims Iheu. 
 ages of mankind, m. enidita hominum 
 secula, id. Kep. 2, 10; v. uneducated. 
 
 unenterprising : 1. in.mdax ; 
 
 Hor. Od. ;, 20, j. 2. piisillanimis 
 
 (late) . .sidon. Ep. 7, 17. 
 
 unenviable: v. enviable, sad, to 
 envy. 
 
 unenvied: 1. intactus Invldla: 
 I>iv. 45, J5. 2. non aemulationi ob- 
 noxlus, Tac A. j, 58. Phr. an u. lift 
 {free from envy), vita reniota a procellis 
 invidiarum, Cic. Cluent. 56, 1 5 j. 
 
 unequal : I. simple disparity : 
 
 I, impar, piris: u. forms and tem- 
 pers, impares formae atque animi, Hor. 
 Od. I, J J, 10. 2. di.-.par. u. periods, 
 di.-paria tempera, Cie. N. D. i, ji, 87 : 
 formed of 7 u. reeds, septem disparibua 
 cicutis compacta, Virg. Eel. 2, j6 : bro- 
 thers u, neither in age nor strength, 
 fratres,neque aetate nee viribus dispares, 
 Liv. I, 24. 3. disparilis, e (rare) . the 
 u. atmosphere of the world, d. adspiratio 
 terrarum, Cic. Div. i, 56, 79. 4. inaequa- 
 lis, e : nothing is more u. than equality 
 itstif, nihil est ipsa aequalitate inae- 
 qnalius, Plin. Ep. 9, 5. 5. virius, 
 alternating : they fought with u. result, 
 vario ccrtamine pugnatum est, Caes. B.C. 
 
 I, 46: V. EQUAL, EVEN {adj.), UNEVEN. 
 
 II. Superior: impar; u. kindness, 
 benevolentia i., Cic. Fam. 5, 8 : v. supe- 
 rior. Ill, Inferior: 1, impar; u. 
 to thee as a soldier, libi miles impar: 
 Hor. Od. 4, 6, 5: u. in valour, virtute 
 impares, Phaedr. 4, 15, 8 : u. to bear pain, 
 i. doluri, Tac. A. 1 5, 57 ; u. to the expense, 
 I. sumtui, Ulp Dig. j, 5, 10. 2. dispar : 
 not u. either in age or strength, nee 
 aetate nee viribus dispares, Liv, i, 24. 
 
 3. iniquus an u. contest, pugna 
 iniqua, Virg. Aen. 10, 889. Phr.: he 
 was u. to {the task of) payment, solvendo 
 non erat, Cic. Att. i j, 10 : to be u. to bear 
 the fatigue of uar, laborem belli ferre 
 non possum, Caes. B. G. 6, ji : quite u. 
 in point of valour, ne<\\Xix(\\\Am par ad vir- 
 
 tUtem, Liv. 26, 16: V. EQUAL, INFERIOR 
 
 unequalled: 1. periectus: p. 
 
 orator: Cic. de Or. j, 19, 71. Join: 
 absolutus et perfectus, id. Div. 2, 72, 150. 
 2. singularis, e : Aristotle, in philo- 
 sophy almost u., in philosophia prope 
 singularis, id. Acad. 4, 4}, IJ2. Join 
 sumnius et singularis : id, Brut. 85, 29J : 
 
 V. INCOMPARABLE, UNRIVALLED. 
 
 unequally: 1. Impariter: verses 
 u. joined, ver.-^us i. juncti, Hor. A. P. 75. 
 2. inaequaliter Liv. J7, 5}. 3. dis- 
 parlliter . V^arr. R. R. i , 6, 6. 4. Inique : 
 Aur. Vict. 2?, 4. P h r. : u. matched in 
 marriage, juncta imparl (1. e. to aperson 
 of lower birth), Liv, 6, 54. 
 
 unequivocal : Indiibius : u. inno- 
 cence, i.a innocentia, Tac. A. 14, 45 : 
 
 V. UNDOIBTED, CERTAIN. 
 
 unequivocally : 1. firmiter : to 
 have priiinised «., promisisse f., PI. ('send. 
 J. 2, III. 2. relictis ambiiiuitatibus. 
 Sen. Ep. 108, 12 (amb. not used in plur. 
 by Cicero). 3. plane : Join: plane et 
 perspicue, Cic. Fin. j, 5, 19 : v, plainlt, 
 
 CERTAINLY. 
 
 unerring: certus: c. Apollo, Hor. 
 Od. I, 7, 28 ; certa sagitta, ib. 12, 2? : v. 
 
 INFALLIBLE, TO ERR. 
 
 unessential: 1, adventitius(ciu8). 
 u. aids, a. adjumenta, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 59. 
 2, assumptivus. id. Inv. i, 11, 15 
 
 v. ESSENTIAL, NECESSARY. 
 
 aneyen : 1. inaequalls, e : u. placet.
 
 D N E V E N N E S S 
 
 UNFAITHFUL 
 
 UNFAVOURABLE 
 
 inaeqiialf'S loci, Tac. Agr. j6. 2. 
 inaequil.Uis: Varr. R. K. 1,6, 6. 3. 
 asper (^rougli) : even or u. pl'i'es, loci, 
 leves an asiieri, Cic. Part. lo, j6. 4. 
 iniquus • the u. ridge, dorsum Inlqnum, 
 Virg Aen. lo, joj. 6. cDnlruposus ■ 
 c. loca, Liv 28, 2. 6. cotiriuKUa: 
 
 Lucan 6, i;6 v. rocoh, rugged, 
 tJMEQCAL. Plir. ; to plai/ at ei-eti and 
 tu (odd and eoen), Judo par impar, Hor. 
 S. 2, J. 248. 
 
 unevenness: 1. inaequalltas : 
 
 Col. J, 12, }. 2. Iniqiilus i. loci, 
 
 Caes. B. <i. }, 2. 3. aspf rlias : a. lo- 
 ooruni, .Sail. Jug. -js : v. rough.nkss, 
 
 INEQUALITV. 
 
 unexacted: v. to exact. 
 unexaggerated : v. to exagce- 
 
 KATt. 
 
 unexamined; v. unexploked, to 
 
 EXAMINK. 
 
 nnexampled: 1. inaudituB(un- 
 
 heaid oj ) : a. ivithin all mtiiiorij, in 
 omni luemoriu i., Cic. Vatln. 14, H- 
 
 2. iimsitiitus : id. Coecin. ij, 26. 
 
 3, nOvus; id. Vat. 1. c. 4. t"ii- 
 cus : an u. euloyy (without paralhl), 
 eloglum unicum, id. Sen. it, 61. I'lir. : 
 it is u. in our timf., nou nostri gacciili 
 est, Plin. Kp. 10, 98 : v. uncommon, 
 
 DNEIJUAI.LKD. 
 
 unexceiJtionaWe : 1. lOcnple- 
 
 tissimiis (amjpJy suHicient) : u. vitnegses, 
 1. testes, Cic. Brut. 9?, }2Z. 2. pr6- 
 bisBimus: p. vir, Hlin. Kp. 10,95. 3, 
 lectissimus : 1. foemina, Ant. ap. Cic. 
 Att. 10, 8. 4. prObatL^sTmus : p. 
 
 foemina, Cic. Coecin. 4, 10. 5. in- 
 corruptus : an u. v-itn^ss, incorrupta 
 (/em.) testis, Ov. Pont. }, 9, 50. 6. 
 grS.vis: the u. evidence of aw eminerU 
 man, grave testimonium clari hominis, 
 Cic. Fam. 5, 1 2. 7. sails Idoneus : an 
 u. vitness. s. idoneus te.stis. Id. Font. }, 
 6. Phr. : an u. authority... ,non sor- 
 didns auctor..., Hor. Od. i, 28, 14: v. 
 
 WOKTHV, TBlSrWOKTHY, Btsl'KCTABLE. 
 
 unexecuted : v- nNiiMsnED, to 
 
 EXF.CDTE. 
 
 unexempt ; '• to exempt. 
 unexercised: v, unpractised, raw, 
 
 UIEXPKHtENCKl). 
 
 unexhausted: 1. inexbaustus: 
 an u. eaijemess for reading, 1. avidi- 
 tas legendi, Cic. Fam. j, 2, •;. 2. plan- 
 us: Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 100; V. ABrNDANT, 
 FBESH, VIGOROUS, INEXHAfSTIbLE. To 
 
 he unexhausted : duro, i . the patience 
 of the Jens was u., duravii patientia 
 Judaeis, Tac. H. 5, 10: v. to enuuke, 
 
 to LAST. 
 
 unexpected: 1. inexpcctatus • 
 
 Cic. de or. 2, 55, 225. 2. InGpinatus : 
 Join; i. ac recens, Auct. Duni. 4, 10. 
 3, necCpInatus, or nee o. separately . 
 u. advantages, n. bona, Cic. Of. 2, 10, 
 j6. 4. necopinus : u. death, n. 
 
 mors, Ov. Mot. i, 224. 5. insp5ratus : 
 Join: insperatum et nee opinatum ma- 
 lum, Cic. Tusc }, I}, 28 ; i. bonum, PI. 
 Sticb.2, 2, Ji. 6, r6pentliius(swt(t/ei0' 
 Join: r. et nee oplnala, Cic. '1 usa (, 
 19, 45 : an u. accident, casus repen- 
 tinus, id. Sest. 24, 5J. 7. improvI>U8 
 (unforeseen): u. evils, mala Improvisa, 
 ib. 14, JO. 8. praeter exi)ectitionem : 
 what is K, quod est p. exp.. Id. de Or. 2, 
 
 ■JO, 284 : V. U.N EORtUSEEN. 
 
 unexpectedly: 1. inspsrato: 
 
 PI. Aul. Arg. 14. 2. ex insperato, 
 Liv. 2, j;. 3. iiiiproviso: Caes. B. G. 
 
 1, u. Join: praettT opinlonom Im- 
 provfso, Cic. Verr. 2, 74, 182. 4, ex 
 improvisi>: ib. i, 4?, 112. 5. detmpro- 
 viso id. Rose. Am. 52, 151. 6. coulra 
 expectationem : u. to all, c e. omnium, 
 Hirt, B. G. 8, 40. 7- praeter Splnioii- 
 em : Cic. Plane. 20, 49. 8, reiMMilg 
 (suddenlii) : PI. Cas. 2, 5, 26. 9. 'l^'rC- 
 peiite: Cic. Lip;. 5, 14. 10. Inopiu 
 anlor, Suet. Tib. 60. H. Inoplnato 
 (late): Sen. Helv. j, j. 12, nei- 
 Spinanter: (;los,s. Philox. 13. <"xpr. 
 by iniprudens or inopinans, ugr. with 
 person nut expecting: tluy attack the 
 enemy u., iinprudcntcs atque inopi- 
 nantes hostos aggredi\nitur, Caes. B. C. 
 
 2, }0. 14, so also by necopinans 
 
 (or in two words) ■ / releared Anobar- ' 
 2anes «., Arlolmrzaii'-m ii' c o|>inantfm 
 liberavi, Cic. Fain. 15, 4: v. unawabI'IS, 
 
 SUDDENLY. | 
 
 unexplored : InexplOruttis ; u. 
 watrrs, i. vada, I,iv. 26, 41) an u. (un- ' 
 tested) invention, i. inventio, Pllii. }$, 6, j 
 
 25- v. l'N.\TTKMFTEl>, UNTRUD. j 
 
 unexi osed : "■'• to expo.se, exempt, 
 unexpressive : '•• inexpbksbi-, »_ 
 unextinguishable : ^- inextin- 
 
 GUlSHAlll.i:. ] 
 
 unextinguished : 1. inexstinct- 
 us : (111 u. jiie, i. ignis, Ov. Fa.si. 6, 29") : 
 u. appetite', i. Iil»ldii, il>. 1, 41? Met.. 
 an u. name (not forgotten), 1. numen, 
 ib, Trist. 5, 14, }6. 2. nondum .si- 
 tiatus : F I g. : u, cruelty, nondum s. 
 crudelllas, Cic Q. F. i, ?, 1. 3. vl- 
 vidus; u. enmities, V. odia, Tac. A. 15, 
 49. 4. vivus; u. warmth, v. calor, 
 
 Ov. Met. 4, 248. Phr.: titc fires ar' 
 still u., vivunt calores, Hor. Od. 4, 9, i » 
 V. TO extinguisil 
 
 unfaded or unfading: 1, 'n- 
 
 c61uniis: u.d cheth:, \. g-iiac, Hor, Od. 
 4, 10, 8. 2. perh vCgflus an u.d 
 
 intellect, vcgctum ingenium, Liv. 6. 22. 
 3. vivus. whose deeds still flourish 
 u., cujus facta viva nunc vigent, Naev. 
 ap. Gell. 6, 8, 5. 4. immarcescibilis 
 (late): Join: inc<jrrupl us, immarces- 
 cibilis, sempiteriius, I'ertull. Cor. Mil. 
 15; Vulg. I Pet. 1.4 ib. v. 4: v. I.NDE- 
 CAVniG, DEATHLESS, LA-STING, TO FADE. 
 
 The u. plant : uni&rantus : Ov Fast 4, 
 
 4J9- 
 unfailing: I. c<mtinval: p«r- 
 
 ennis u. uaters, aquae perentie.s, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 48, lOT : fons p. uquae, Tac. H. 
 
 5.12: V. ABUNDANT, PEKPETUAU ||, 
 
 Trustiioithy: 1, certus c. Apollo, 
 Hor. Od. I, "7: 28; c. amicus. Knn. ap. 
 Cic. Am. 17. 64. 2, alwoiruorius 
 
 (rare): an u. remedy, a. remedium, 
 Plin. 28, 6. 17. 3. e.\pr. by praesen- 
 tissimus : among the -most u. remedies, 
 in p. remeiliis, ib. 4, ij: v. cebtain, 
 
 SAFE. 
 
 unfair : 1. inlquus : an u. con- 
 dition, i. conditio, Cic. Cluent. 54, 90 ; 
 it is a very u. thing, valde est iniquum, 
 Auct. Har. resp. J, 6. 2. injustus- 
 notJdng is more u. than an ignorant 
 man, homine imperlto nunquam quid- 
 quam injustius, I er. Ad. I, 2, 18 an u. 
 (excessive) burden, i. onus, Cic. Or. 10. 
 J5- 3. gravis, e : it is u. towards the 
 Homan people, in populum Romanum 
 grave est. id. Ball). 9, 24. 4, tuiilus. 
 o weight not u., non malum pondus, PI. 
 Ampb. I, I, 159. 5. illibgralis, e. an 
 u. addition, L adjectio, Liv. j8, 14. 
 Ph r. : to be an u. conclusion, non effici 
 ex propositis, nee esse consequens, Cla 
 de Or. 2, 5 J, 215 : v. tLLOaiCAL, ukjust. 
 
 UNDESERVED. 
 
 unfairly; 1. Mque; the com- 
 
 parison hasbeen drann ?hos< «., iniquis- 
 sime comparatum est, Cic. Cluent. 21, 
 57- 2. irjuste: most ^i., injustissinie. 
 Sail. J\ti!:. 85. Join: male et Injuste, 
 Xep. Tbem. 7. 3. injuria (ahl.) : u. 
 suspected, I. suspectus. Cic. Cat. I, 7, 17: 
 / believe it, arui rot u., credo, neque id 
 1., Ten Henut j, }, 20. 
 
 unfairness; 1. IniquTtas: Cio. 
 de Or. I. 48, 208. 2. Injuria: extreme 
 right is extreme »., summuui Jus, sum- 
 ma Injuria, Cic. Off. I, 10, Jj : v. IN- 
 
 Jl-.--TJ('E, I'ARTIALrrV. 
 
 unfaithful: 1. infldus: ti. 
 
 friotiU, 1. amid. Cic. .^m. 15, 5}: Wi« 
 u. state of the Jihodians, i. civilas Rbo- 
 diorum. Sail. Cat. 51. 2, InndClig 
 i. Allobrox, Hor. Riwd. 16. 6. 3, K'- 
 IWus u. friends, p. nniici, Cic. Red. 
 Qulr. 9, 21. 4. pirfidiosus (u. 6.v 
 habit) : p. In amicitia. Id. Fam. j, 10, 
 mrd. 5. mendax, 5cis an u. mirror. 
 speculum m., Ov. Trist >, 7, ?8 v 
 
 F.\ITHLES^ FALSE, I'NTBUF- 6 In- 
 
 cOrlosus (int)Cciirate. wanting in re- 
 search): I. bistorla, Suet. Oalb. ?. 
 
 , to be: 1. li'le ciVreo Ov. 
 
 Her. 17, 43. 2. fideni failo Cic. Off. 
 I. I?, 59. 3. tidem niOto: Sail Jug. 
 42. 4. tidem amitto. Nep. Kum. lo. 
 
 5. dfficio- V. TO KEvoLT. Phr. 
 you have been u. enough alrfOilu. sat ad- 
 hue tua nos Irustrala est fidcN T'-r Ad. 
 4, 4, 1 1 : my memory it btouimny u., 
 menioria laljat, Liv f, i8. 
 unfaithful to a trust, to be : oom- 
 
 missa lid- j]n<lu, Ilor. .S. 1, {, 1/5. 
 
 — to one's duty, to be: L 
 
 officio desum Cic. Fam. 7, j 2. ab 
 
 officio disL-edo: Id. Off. i, 10, J2. 3, 
 
 abufliiiii ricedo: ib. J. 10. 19. 
 
 unfaithfully : •'" idjUitr Cic Kf^ 
 
 ad brut. I : v. DECETTFOLLr, PAUSELT, 
 
 TKKAI lOBOUSLV. 
 
 unfaithfulness: 1. infidciita*. 
 
 Caes. h. (;. 2, li. 2. [frffJin: opp. 
 to tides, Cic, R'jsc. Am. ?8, iin. 3. 
 mala fides (tiod Jaith, bieach if tmtl): 
 trials about u.,Judicia de fide maU. id. 
 N. D. }, }o, 74. 4. dOliiH m&ius, ojip. 
 to bona tides, id. Off. ), i;, bi. 5. 
 fraus : u. linvardt a client, frauo InnexA 
 clUntl. Vlrg. Aen. 6, i<ji). 6. neBll- 
 gentia (uant of care) : tlie u. or pot Hive 
 treachery of a guardian, tiiUirls negll- 
 genlia seu prodltio. Cod. Iheod. j, jo, 5. 
 unfamiliar: 1. ilienu» u.tdtk 
 literature, a literis ulienus, Cic. Kuac. 
 Am. 16, 46: u. with natural iMiUtophy, 
 in physicls a., id. Fin. i. 6, 17 : v. ig.so- 
 RANT. 2. Join, jieregrinus atque 
 hospi-s, id. de fir. 1, 50.218; v.^TKAKGB, 
 
 IGNORANT, KNiiW. NOT TO. 
 
 tinfashionable : expr. by contra e« 
 quae in cuUMieiudlne probantur, Cic. 
 Acad. 4, 24, 75: contra morem oonsne- 
 tudinemque. Id. Off. I, 41, 148: v. t'N- 
 
 (OMMON, HOMELY. 
 
 , to be : 1. obsSl'-o, ui, or 6vi. 
 
 etum, 2. io become : obsolesco : Cic Inv 
 I, 26, J9. 2. a politiore elegantik «t>- 
 horreo; Id. Fin. I, 2, 4. Pbr.: an u. 
 art, ars, cujus usug vulgaris communtb- 
 que non sit, ib. 3, i, }. 
 
 unfashioned : 1. infabricatu* 
 
 (po'l.). a. liiiit/er, rotxjra silvis iiifatn- 
 caia, Virg. ,\en. 4, 400. 2. infectus 
 I aw and u. nwtrriai, rudis atque iiife< la 
 maieries, Petron. S. 114, if aurum 
 factum infeciumque (uinoined, un- 
 wrought), \'irg. Aen. 10, 527 : v. CN 
 
 FOKMhD. 
 
 unfasten : 1. rf r igo, fixi, fixam, 
 } : to u. a shiild, cllpeum refigere, Hor. 
 Od. I, 28, II : Virg. Aen. 5. }6o. 2. 
 laxo, I : Sincn i/.»' the ei'clvture, laxat 
 clauslra, Virg. Aen. 2, 259. 3. •**'"• 
 I : I'riam, irrders the diaint lo be u.'d, 
 vincla levari jubet P., Ib. 146. v. EE- 
 
 LEASE, IXIOSK. 
 
 unfathomable: v. bottom l>ss. 
 
 unfathomed: v. unk.xpu.kuj, 
 
 unfatigued: v uktikei.. 
 
 unfavourable: 1. iniquus: a 
 mo.\( u. phue, iiiiquisslnius K«:us. Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 27. 2. iiiimicus: u.Jortune, 
 fortuna inimica, Virg. .\en. 5, J56: u. 
 for nourishment, ad corpus alenduin 
 i., Varr. R. K. 2. 2, 19. 3. allrnus. 
 a most u. time, alienisslmum lem- 
 pus, Cic, Fam. 15, 14: «. locus, Nep. 
 Ibem. 4. 4, adversus. h. circum- 
 stances, adversae ri-s. C^c. Off. I, 26, 90. 
 most u. winds. adver>is»imi venli, Cae». 
 B.C. J, 107. 5 foedus ( JiJsrraor^ h/) : 
 to fight ii-ith most u. result, fc«sUs«imo 
 cufn eventupugno. Liv. 8,iJ. 6. biop- 
 porinmis : o srat not u. far diMoiinc, 
 sedes non i. senmnl, Cic. de Or. j, 5, 
 17. 7. infensus (in strict s<'ii.s«', hos- 
 tile): u. health (u. lo ti'rlum). 1. valp. 
 ludo,Tac. A. 14, 56- 8. sinister: the 
 .\'. icind I*, to tirts, Nolus arlniribus &, 
 Virg. Georg. t, 444 the 11. UitUe of 
 Cannae, pugna sinistra Cannen.»iN I'rop, 
 } 2, 9. 9. infauslus {unlucky): 
 
 an u. omen. auipUiuni 1., Virg. Aen. 
 II, 147. 10. laivu.'. Die u. li^i'y, 
 nunieii lae\ uni. Mart. 6, 85, I. 11, 
 Ifinesius (III u. omen, f. omen, Cic, 
 Cliieiil. 5, 14. 12. giSvU, e an u. t<a- 
 son, grave lempuK. H«>r. CM. ?, 2 J. &. 
 13. av<rsu»: the mind of the god- 
 dess tifcame «., aversa dcae mens Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 170 <;<►'* ". to the ttijilii of tUt 
 H.}XO}>le, dil avor.-i a saline (lopuli Ro» 
 mani. Cic Lp ad Brut. 16. 14, 
 
 iufelix (fortboding evil): u. propket,l. 
 
 89s
 
 UNFAVOURABLY 
 
 UNFLEDG ED 
 
 UNFORMED 
 
 rates, Virg. Aen. j, 246. 15. malig- 
 mis (spite/td) : u. laws, m. Ifges, Ov. 
 Met. 10, J29. 16. inhabilis, e (un- 
 
 tuited) : u. for crops, 1. Irugibus, Col. 
 J, 10, 15. 17, J o i n ; nee opportunus, 
 nee commodus: Virg. Georg. 4, 129. 
 18. infav5rabilis (late) : an u. opi- 
 nion, i. sententia. Dig. J 7, 6, 6. Ph r. : 
 a battle ivith an u. result, proelium 
 male pugnatum, Sail. Jug. 54: if the 
 disease take an u. turn, si morbus am- 
 plior siet, Ter. Hec. j, i, 5°: v. un- 
 FAVOUBABLY : to form an u. judgment, 
 prave aestimare, Tac. H. 2, 2J : to urite 
 an u. report of a colleague, de coUega 
 secus scribere, Li v. 8, JJ ; v. favour- 
 able, UNFORTUNATE, UNSUITABLE. 
 
 unfavourably: 1. inique- to 
 interpret m., inique Interpretari, Gell. 4, 
 I5i 4- 2. male: to turn out u., male 
 evenire, PI. Cure, i, i, 39 : to think u. of 
 a teacher, m. sentire de praeeeptore, 
 Quint. 2, 2, 12. 3. iniprospere ; to 
 turn out u., i. cedere, CdI. i, I, 16. 4. 
 minus prospere Nep. Ale. 7. 5. 'd- 
 favSrabiliter (late) : Dig. 5c, 2, 2. P h r. : 
 the dAsease goes on u., morbus aggravescit, 
 Ter. Hec. j, 2, 2. 
 
 — disposed, to be: 1. male 
 
 volo: PI. As, 5, I, I J. 2. averse 
 animo sum; Cic. Alt. 11, 5: v. unfa- 
 VOUItABLE, No. 14. 
 
 unfeathered : v. unfledged, 
 unfed: impastus: Virg. Aen. 9, JJ9 : 
 
 V. HUNGRY. 
 
 unfeed: v. unpaid. 
 
 unfeeling; 1. dilrus: d. arator, 
 Virg. Georg. 4. 512. Join: durus et 
 ferreus... inhumaniis, Cic. Verr. 5,46, 
 121. 2. inbuinanus: Join: in- 
 
 humanus aut ferus, Ter. Andr. i, 5, 4?. 
 3. ferns : Nep. Ale. 6. 4. cru- 
 delis: Cic. Lig. ;, 15. 5. obtusus 
 (duU): obtusa pectora, Virg. Aen. i, 
 567. 6. atrox : an u. sentiment. 
 
 Join: horrida et atrox sententia, Li v. 2, 
 JO. 7. immitis, e : i. tyrannus, Virg. 
 Georg. 4, 492. 8. illacryniabilis, e 
 (poet.) : i. Pluto, Hor. Od. 2, 14, 6. 9. 
 irapius (void of parental feeling) : iin- 
 pia Thracum pectora, id. Epod. 5, ij. 
 10, ai;erbus (poet.), a mother u. 
 towards her offspring, in partus mater 
 acerba suos, Ov. Fast. 2, 624. U. 
 immisericors, cordis : Cic. Inv. 2, lb, 
 108. 12. inimansuetus : nwst u., 
 
 immansuetissimus, Ov. Her. 18, 37. 
 Phr. : poet., u. hearts, nescia precibus 
 maiisuescere corda, Virg. Georg. 4, 492. 
 
 , to become: 1. caileo, ui, 
 
 2 • Sulp. ap. Cic. Fani. 4, 5, init. 2, 
 
 Join: obduresco et humanitatem oin- 
 nem exuo, id. Att. i j, 2, i. 3, sen- 
 sum oumeni hunianitatis amitto, id. 
 Rose Am. 5 J. 1 54, exlr. : v. unkind. 
 
 unfeelingly : v. unkindly. 
 
 unfeigned: 1. sincerus: Join: 
 sincerus atque verus, opp. to fucatus et 
 simulatus, Cic. Am. 25, 95. 2. sim- 
 plex : Join; simplex et apertus, id. 
 Off. I, JO, 108. 3, inggnuns : u. dis- 
 gust, ingf-nuum fastidium, id. Brut. 67^ 
 
 236 : V. TRUE, SINCERE. 
 
 unfeignedly : 1. simpUciter : 
 
 Join: s. et libere, Plin. Ep. i, i j : s. et 
 candide, Coel. ap. Cic. Fain. 8, 6. 2. 
 sincere • Cic. Att. 9, 10, extr. 3. 
 aperie ; J o i n : a. atque ingenue, id. 
 Fam. 5, 2. 4, sine tuco et fallaclis, 
 id. Att. I, I, I. 6. bona fide . 7 pro- 
 mise this u., polliceor hoc b. f., id. Agr. 
 2, 37, 100. 6, ex animo: id. Fam, 
 II, 22: opp. to simulate, id. N. D. 3, 
 67, 168: ex animo ac vere, Ter. Eun. I, 
 
 2, 95 . V. TRULY, heartily, SINOBBELY. 
 
 unfelt: v. to feel. Phr.: the 
 partial sensation being u. by the 
 whole, partium sensu non pertinente in 
 omnia, Liv. 2;, 24. Expr. by act. verb: 
 a cati-se which is u. by you, causa, quae 
 te non attingit, Cic. Leg. 2, i, 3. 
 
 unfeminine: 1. masculns; u. 
 Sappho, niascula Sappho, Hor. Ep. l, 19. 
 28. 2. virilis : an u. matron, ma- 
 trona virilis, Ov. Fast. 2, 847. 3. 
 
 asper: an u. maiden, aspera Virgo, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 664 : an u. person, Ama- 
 zon, lb. 648 : V. MASCULINE. 
 896 
 
 unfenced : v. undefended. 
 
 unfermented: sine fermento: u. 
 bread, pani.s s. f., Cels. 2, 24: v. un- 
 leavened. 
 
 unfetter : v, to unchain. 
 
 unfettered: 1. expeditus-. to go 
 
 into Gaul u. (by legal difficulties), e. in 
 Galliam ^proficisci, Cic. yuint. 6, 23. 
 2. solutus- u. by alisurd lans, 
 legibus insanis s., Hor. S. 2, 6, 68. 3. 
 non devinctiis- Cic. Cluent. 58, 160. 
 
 , to be: viucula nulla habeo, 
 
 Ov. Fast. 5, 432; v. free, loose, re- 
 lease. 
 
 unfilial: 1. impius: Hor. Epod. 
 3, I. 2. reverentiae, quae parentibus 
 debetur (adversus, erga parentes), oblit- 
 us. Quint. II, 1,62: V. Cic. Off. 1,28,99: 
 V. undutiful, unkind. 
 
 unfilled : v. emity, to fill. 
 
 unfinished: I. -^"^ concluded-. 
 
 V. IMPERFECT, INCOMPLETE. ||, Want- 
 ing in polish : 1. riidis, e r an 11. poem, 
 rude carmen, Ov. Trist. i, 6, 39: «■ 
 statues, rudia signa. id. Meu 1, 406. 
 
 2. n^mexactus: ib. 3. non ex- 
 pressiis (not fully made out) : u. out- 
 lines of virtttes, and only sketched, non 
 expressa signa sed adumbrata, Cic. Cael. 
 5, 12. 4. impOlitus : u. and coarse 
 performances, impolitae res et acerbae, 
 Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34. Phr.: my 
 writings vere «(., defuit scriptis ultima 
 lima meis, Ov. Trist. 6, 30. 5. cru- 
 dus : u. ve)ses, numeri crudi, Pers. i , 
 92. Phr.:/ haw an u. v:ork in hand, 
 habeo opus in manibus, Cic. Acad. I, i, 
 }• III. Aot consumed: v. uncon- 
 sumed. 
 
 unfit : 1. ineptus = non_ aptus : 
 V. Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17. 2. intitilis, e: 
 u. for irar, inutiles bello, Caes. B. G. 7, 
 78 : a tim^ not u.for taking counsel, non 
 inutilis «d capiendum consilium tem- 
 peslas, ib. 27. 3. inhabilis, e : oxen 
 
 not u. for cultivation, boves culturae 
 non inhabiles, Col. 6, I, I. 4, 'n- 
 commodus : a conversation not u. for 
 the occasion, colloquium pro re nata non 
 incommodum, Cic. Att 14, 6. 5, in- 
 opportunus (foi- a special puipose) : v. 
 unfavourable. 6. importunus: a 
 place u. for using uarlike machines, 
 locus i. machinationibus. Sail. Jug. 92. 
 
 7. impar (unequal) : u. for such 
 honours, i. tantis honoribus, Suet. Tib. 
 67. 8. indignus (unwoiiliy) : things 
 fit and «. to be expressed, digna, indigna 
 relatu, Virg. Aen. 9, 595. 9. toedus 
 (foul); u. to be spoken or seen, fuedum 
 dictu visuve, Juv. 14, 44. 10, alienus : 
 a most u. time, alienissimum tcmpus, 
 Cic. Fam. 15, 14. Phr.: unfit for war : 
 imbellis ; Ov. Her. 1, 97 ; u!to resist an 
 attack : invalWus . icalls u. to resist a 
 storming party, moenia adversus irrum- 
 pentes invalida, Taa A. 12, 16: u. to 
 govern : impotens : a race u. to manage 
 their own affairs, gens suarum rerum 
 impotens, Liv. 9, 14. Very unft : 1. 
 mininie aptus: a kind of encounter for 
 which they are very u., genus pugnae in 
 quod minime apti sunt, Liv. 38, 21. 
 
 2. minime accommCdatus : l am 
 most u. to comfort you, minime sura ad 
 te consolandum accommodatus, Cic. 
 Fam. 5, 16: v. FIT, unequal, weak, 
 unsuitable. 
 
 unfitly: 1. inepte: to speak u., 
 i. dico, Cic. Brut. 82, 284. 2. incom- 
 mode : to behave »(., i. se gero. Col. i, 8, 
 
 15 ; v. FITLY, improperly. 
 
 unfitness; inuUlItas: (of gold, to 
 make swords) Lucr. 5, 1273: Cic. Inv. 
 2, 52, T58. 
 
 unfitting: v. unbecoming, indec- 
 orous. 
 
 unfix: 1. refigo, fixi, fixum, J: 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 622. 2. moveo, movi, 
 motum, 2 : to u. the standard from 
 its place, signum movere loco, Cic. 
 Div. I, 55, 77. 3. revello, velli, vul- 
 sum, 3 (tear up) . you u. the boundaries 
 of land, revellis agri terminos, Hor. Od. 
 
 2, 18, 24: v. UNFASTEN, UNSETTLE. 
 
 unfixed* v unsettled. 
 unfiedged: 1. implumiXe: Virg. 
 Georg. 4, 513. 2. deplumis.e: Join: 
 
 nudus atque d.. Plin. 10, 24, 14. 3. 
 impubes (beardless) : an u. buy, i. puer, 
 Ov. Fast. 2, 239. 3. tener, a, um: u. 
 boys, teneri mares, id. Met. 10, 84. 
 Fh r.: my wings are still u., meae alae 
 pennas non habent. Pi. Poen. 4, 2, 29. 
 
 v. YOUTHFUL, BEARDLESS. 
 
 unfleshed {unused to blood): ♦san- 
 guinis expers: V. UNACCUSTOMED. 
 
 unfoiled: v. unconquebed. 
 
 unfold: A- Trans, both in lit. 
 and met. sense : 1. explico, avi and 
 ui, atum and itum, 1 : to u. a roll, e. 
 voluraen, Cic. Rose. Am. 35, loi : to u. 
 (explain) an obscure sutject, rem laten- 
 tem explicare definiendo, id. Brut. 41, 
 152. 2. pando, di, pansum and pas- 
 sum, 3 : to u. tlw subject, rem paiidere, 
 Virg. Aen. J, 179. 3. expando, 3 : to u. 
 nature in itwd*, naturam expanders dic- 
 tis, Lucr. I, 127 ; cranes u. their icings, 
 grues expandunt alas, HIin. 10, 38, 54. 
 4. aperio, ui, pertiim, 4 : the tree 
 U.S itsjiouer, floreni ajierit, Plin. 12, II, 
 2j : they u.'d their sentiments, quid sen- 
 tirent aperueruut, Nep. Eum. 13. 5. 
 adaperio : to u se^-vessels, foUiculos a.. 
 Sen. N. Q. 5, 18, 2. 6. evolve, vi, 
 volutum, 3 ; to u. a consultation, deli- 
 berationem evolvere, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 
 post med. 7. cxsero, ui, sertum, 3 : 
 irhen the blade u.s itself from the seed- 
 vessel, quuni foUiculo se exserit .spiia. 
 Sen. Ep. 124, II. 8, recludOi si. 
 
 Slim, 3 : to u. treasures, thesauros r., 
 Virg. Aen. i, 358. 9. expgdio, 4 : to 
 u. a story, famam e., Virg. Georg. 4, 
 286. 10. cdo, didi, itum, 3 : it. your 
 own name and that of your parents, 
 ede tuum nomen, nomenque parenium, 
 Ov. Met. 3, 580: V. TO EXPAND, develop, 
 
 EXPLAIN, DISPLAY, OPEN. B. I D- 
 
 trans. : 1. dghisco, 3: Virg. Aen. 
 
 6, 52: the rose u.s, rosa dehiscit, Plin. 
 
 21, 4, 10. 2. bio, i: a flower u.s, 
 flos liiat, Prop. 4, 2, 45 : v. to open, to 
 
 APPEAR. 
 
 unfolding (sitbs.); v. explanation, 
 
 DEVELOPMENT. 
 
 unforbidden: v. forbidden, law- 
 ful. 
 
 unforced: 1. incoactus (late) 
 .T o i n : iiijussum incoactuni, Sen. Ep. 
 66, 17. 2. sponte. trees come u., 
 sponte sua veniunt, Virg. Georg. 2, 11; 
 the verse came u., sponte sua carmen 
 veniebat, Ov. Trist. 5, 10, 2;. 3. ^ 
 non adhibita: v. Cic. Cit. i, 8, 18: id. 
 Caecin. 15, 44 4. voluntate : ^/'orcerf 
 or «., aut vi aut voluntate. Liv. 29, 3 : 
 
 V. WILLINGLY, VOLUNTARY. 
 
 unforeknown: v. to foreknow. 
 unforeseeing : 1. improdens: 
 
 Virg. Georg. i, 373. 2. improvidus: 
 Join; iniprovidi et negligentes, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 20: V. imprudent. 
 
 unforeseen : v. unexpecped. 
 
 unforfeited : salvus : j o i n ■ in- 
 columis et sjUvus, Cic. Div. in CaeciL 
 
 22, 72 : v. TO forfeit. 
 unforgiving: v. implacable, m- 
 
 MERClFUfc. 
 
 unforgotten: nondumoblivionitra- 
 ditus ; qiiud immortali memoria aliquis 
 retinet (Kr. after Cic. and Nep.). 
 Phr.: to preserve the recollection u., 
 vivam memoriam tenere, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 2, 8 ; u. hatred, immortale odium, Juv. 
 1 5. J4. 'Jo be unforgotten : 1. vivo, 
 vixi, victum, ; : the narm feelings are M, 
 vivunt Cidores, Hor. Od. 4,9, II. 2. 
 dflro, I . hatred remained u. so long, in 
 tantum duravit odium. Veil. 2, 79. 
 Phr. r deeds which were intended to 
 remain u., quae ad posteritatis memo- 
 riam pertinerent, Cic Sen. 2 J, 82: a 
 large portion of me will be u. (poet.X 
 multa pars mei vltabit Libitinam, Hor. 
 Od. 3, JO, 7. To keep unforgotten: 
 
 1, memoria t?nere, Cic. Sen. 4, 12. 
 
 2, immortali memoria retinere: 
 Nep. Att. II. 3. ab oblivione vin- 
 dicare: Cic. de Or. 2, 2, 7. Phr.: the 
 recollection of oneself ought to be kept u. 
 for ever, commemoratio nostri... cum 
 omni posteritate adaequanda. id. Arch. 
 
 II, 29: v. TO REMEMBER, LASTING. 
 
 unformed: 1. indigestus: Jo*n:
 
 UNFOKSAKEN 
 
 UNGODLY 
 
 UNHALLOWED 
 
 •thUs indlgeataque (moles), Ov. Met. i, 
 7. 2. informis, e r a tiling dumb and 
 it^ res inula et i. (opp. lo coiiforaiaia), 
 Auct. ad Her. 4, s j, 66. 3. infeclus : 
 Join: rudis atque Infectus, Petron. S. 
 114. >{• 4. crudus: u. verses, crudi 
 nunicri, Pers. i, 92. 5. tfiier {not 
 full grutim) : the u. world, lener muiidl 
 orbis, Virg. Kcl. 6, J4. Join, tenori i-t 
 rndes (animi), Auct. dial. Oral. 29. 6. 
 incoctus PI. Mil. 2, 2, 55. 7. '"■ 
 fomiabilis, e (in/MpabU of formation) 
 (late): Tertull. Pia.x. 27. Pbr.: u. 
 buds : fluKculi, opp. 10 certi et defomiati 
 fructus, guint. 6, prooem. 9 : v. unkipe, 
 
 niJFASHIONKl). 
 
 xinforsaken : v. to fomake. 
 unfortified: 1. imnmnitus: u. 
 
 toitiis, iuiiimiiita oppida, l.iv. 22, II. 
 2. muro lion circumdiitus v. Caes. 
 
 B. <i. I, {8 : V. TO FORTIKV, UNDE- 
 FENDED. 
 
 unfortunate : 1. infelix : u. boy, 
 L puer, Viri;. Aen. i, 475: i. patria, id. 
 9, 786. 2. inf'austus (of things): u. 
 itep, i. gradus, Ov. Met. j, j6 : u. ships, 
 i. puppes, Virg. Aen. 5, 655. 3. In- 
 fortiinatus : o! u. old man, O! Infor- 
 tnnatum senem, Ter. Eun. 2, j, 7. 4. 
 improsper (unsuccessful) : Tac. A. 4, 
 44- 5. ngfastus : an u. day, dies ne- 
 fastus, Hor. Od. 2, i J, l : v. Smith, Diet, 
 of Antig. p. 409 (Dif..s), v. cnhappy, un- 
 
 LUCKV, UNFAVOnBABLE. 
 
 unfortunately : infeliciter : in- 
 conveniently, nay u., incommode, imo 
 Infellcilor, Ter. Eun. 2, }, ST. v. UN- 
 
 FAVOIKABLV, UKLUCKILV. 
 
 unfounded : v. groundless. 
 unframed: v. frame (subs.), to 
 
 FBAMU (v.). 
 
 unfrequency: raritas: Plin. -, ij, 
 
 II : V. r.AP.iTV. 
 
 unfrequented : 1. incsieber, 
 
 bris, bre: in an u. valley, inct-lebri 
 valle, Sil. 8, J76. 2. avius: the u. 
 habitations of tlie Muses, avia Pieridum 
 loca, Lucr. I, 925 : v. LONELI, solitabv, 
 
 bkmote. 
 unfrequently : v. seldom, rarely. 
 unfriendliness : v. unkikdness, 
 
 FJiMirv. 
 
 unfriendly : 1. inlmicus : Join: 
 infestus inimicusque, Cic. Phil. 10, 
 10, 21. JJ. iMiquus: the u. Fates, 
 Parcae iniquae, Hor. Od. 2, 6, 9. 3. 
 malignus : the u. mob, vulgus nialig- 
 nuni, ib. 2, 16, J9. 4. milovSlus: u. 
 tpeeclies, malevoli sermone.s, Cic. Fam. 
 }, 10, extr. In an unfriendly manner : 
 inimicfc : Join: iniiiiicissime atque in- 
 festissime, Cic. Quint. 21,66: v. hostile, 
 
 UNKIND, SiMTEKUL. 
 
 unfrock : v. to strip. 
 
 unfrozen: soiatus: the u. lands, 
 
 terrae solutae, Hor. Od. 1, 4, 10 (cf. 
 Zepliyro putris se gleba resolvit, Virg. 
 
 G. I, 44): V TO THAW. 
 
 unfruitful : 1. infecundus : Virg. 
 Georg. 2. 48. 2. stfirilis, 0; u. plane- 
 trees, steriles platani, ib. 70. 3. in- 
 felix frugibus: ib. 2J9: ". darnel, i. 
 loUum, ib. I, 154. 4. aniarus: ib. 
 
 5. malus- ib. 24?. 6. difTicIIis, 
 e: ib. 179. 7. nialignus: ib. 8. "K- 
 navus: u. groves, nemora i., ib. 208. 
 
 9. Jejunus: il). 212. 10. segnis, e: 
 the u. thistle, s. carduus, ib. 1,152. U. 
 iniitilis,e : lopping the u. boughs, inutilcs 
 ramos amputans. Hor. Epod. 2, 11. 12. 
 iners (from va»t of employment) : u. 
 winter, brunia i., id. Od. 4, r, 12. 
 
 13. vaiiius frugum: Sail. Jug. 90. 
 
 14. nudus gignentium : ib. 79: v. 
 
 barren. KRIITI. !■.<•*. CNPROFITAKLE. 
 
 UnfruitfulneSS : 1. infecundltas : 
 C!ol. I : i)r(KM ni. 2. JPjiinlum : of land : 
 id. J, 12, ? : of animals: Virg. Georg. J, 
 128. 3. inOpia Irugnm : Llv. 40, 29 ; 
 
 V. BARRF.NNI.S.S, r^TKRILITV. 
 
 unfulfilled : 1. lm"'nis, e : an u. 
 promise, promissura inane, Ov. Fast, j, 
 685. 2. vaiius: I'ac. A. J, 16. 3. 
 irritiis : itiil. Epith. Pel. 59. 4, in- 
 fectus: to make offers u. (not to fulfil 
 them): dona infecta facere, PI. Most. 1, 
 J, ^^. 5. tilla-x : u. ht^aes, spps fal- 
 
 Uoee, Cic. Mil. 54, 94. P h r. : bound by 
 
 an u. promise or vow, voti reus, Virg. j ungovernable : L linpij«<>u» «». 
 Aen. 5, 216; v. Macrob. Sat. j. 2, 6. To horses, (<-qui) iuipotentes rrgeodi, U». 
 be unfulfdled. \. exituin nullum JJ, 11 : vieloiy muAw null mure fieret 
 
 habeo: auguries, uhidi uere eiUier u. ond u., fepiciores liupoteoilowoque r«l- 
 ar turned out in cimtrary way, quae dit, Cic Fam. 4, 9: a fiertt and u. 
 aut nullos habuerint exilus, aut con- woman, ferox atque impoteoB mulier. 
 
 trarlos, Cic Div. 2, 24. 52. 2. minus 
 evenio : prophecies are n., ea qua'- prai-- 
 dicta sunt, minus cvcnlunt, il>. i, 14, 24. 
 3. ad cxitum non pervenio: id. 
 Fam. 10, 22. 4. effectu careo : Ov. 
 Am. 2. 16: V. unaccomplished. 
 
 unfurl : 1. soWo, vi, sOlutum, } : 
 
 u. lite sails, solvltc vela, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 574. 2. do, dSdi. datum, I (vela): lb. 
 594. 3. pando, di, pansum, and pas- 
 sura, ? : velorum pandiinus alas, ib. j, 
 520 : Fig.: p. vela orationls, Cic. Tu.sc. 4, 
 5, 9- 4. intendo, di. turn, and sum, j : 
 to u. the sails to tlie u-imls, veiitis inten- 
 derr V. la. Virg. Aen. j, 68j. 6. <ac<o 
 (vela) : Cic. Tusc. 4, 4. 9. 6. deduce 
 (vela): Ov. Met. }, 66j. 7. explico 
 velum: PI. Mil. 4, 8. 7: v. lnfold. 
 
 SI-BEAD. 
 
 unfurnished : 1. nudus (person 
 or thing) : an u. house, doiuus nuda 
 atque iiiaiiis, opp. to exomata atque in- 
 structa, Cic. Verr. 2, 54, 84: men u. 
 (but) icith g(y>d will, nudi cum bona 
 voluntate, fpp. to cum facultatibus. 
 Plane, ap. Cic Fam. 10, 8. 2. inipa- 
 ratns (person): scandalously u. both as 
 
 Suet. Ner. j8. 2. IndOniliui,: u. an{j<T, 
 iudomita Ira, Virg. Aen. 2, 59f- 3. in>- 
 (jortunus : u. lutls, im(Kirtuuib6iiiute 
 libidines, Cic Verr. 4, 50. in. 4. in- 
 tractiibilU, e (late in this w-nx) • an u. 
 temper, aidniuis L, Sen. Hipp. 229. 6. 
 non trartabllis : Join: Impatiens 
 neque adhuc tr.ictabilis. Ov. Rem. 121. 
 
 6. liidOcilig tencri (late and poet.). 
 Sut. 6, jo6. 1' h r. : to b" omr u., 
 
 1. olVHlientiam abjicio: Cic. Off. I, 
 29, 102. 2. hib€n«« effundo: Virg. 
 Aen. II, 499. Tfie tram becomes u, non 
 audit currus babenas, v. Virg. (Jeorg. 
 
 I, 514: V. UNBRIDLED, CNKEffTRAISKI^ 
 WILD, rjTMOIiIRATF- 
 
 ungovernably : 1. "'n^ "'<"* • 
 Virg. A< 11. ?. 694. 2. immlSRiK h»- 
 benis, ib. 6^2. P h r. : tlu rayts u„ 
 saevit inops animi, Virg. Aen. 4. joi : 
 
 V. WFLDLV, URIOUbLV. 
 
 ungraceful : invsnustn*. Infilft- 
 
 gans: V. AWKWARD, ISELIXJANT, UUBB- 
 COMING. 
 
 ungracefully : v. awkwabdlt, tm- 
 
 BE< dMI.Nc.LV. 
 
 ungracefulness : v.AWKWAHDifBas. 
 
 to men and money, flagilio.se imparati, 1 iNFXt.'.AMK 
 
 tum a milltibus. turn a pecunia, Cic 
 Alt. 7, 15 : quite u. in all r<spects, om- 
 nibus rebus imparatissimus, Caes. B. C. 
 
 1. JO- 3. expers, lis: u. both in repu- 
 tation and fortunes, fama atque fortunis 
 expertes. Sail. Cat. }J: v. destitute, 
 
 EMPTY, UNI'ROVIDED. 
 
 ungainly : '^'- awkward, clumsy. 
 
 ungartered : diseinctus : v. Hor. 
 Epoil. I, M- 
 
 ungathered : v. to oathee. 
 
 ungenerous : 1. iHib^ralis, e : an 
 u. deed, illilx-rale facinus,Ter. Ad. },4. J. 
 2, lurpis, e : nut only u. but tcickxd, 
 non n'lodo turpe sed sceleratuni, Cic. 
 Off. 2, 22,77. 3. Join: humilis et 
 
 miniiiie gcnerosus, id. Am. 9, 29. 4. 
 soididus: id. Flacc. 22, 52. 5. malig- 
 nus: Hor. Ud. 2, 16. J9: S. I. 5, 4: V. 
 BASK, MEAN, STINGY, COVETOUS. Un- 
 generous conduct : illiberalitas, Cic. Off. 
 
 2, 18, 64 : V. .STINGINESS, MEANNES-. 
 
 ungenerously : illibCrallter : Ter. 
 Phonii. 2, 2, 24 : V. unkindly. 
 
 ungenial : 1. mcominOdus : Cic. 
 N. D. J, 29, 7?. 2. illi'P'dus: miserly, 
 u., avarus, illepidus, ib. 72. 3. dif- 
 ficilis, e : a most u. nature, difficilUma 
 natura, N'l-p. Att. 5 : ^'- morose. 
 
 ungenteel: 1. ignObllis e: onot 
 u. family, taniilia non i., Cic. Verr. 5, 11, 
 28. 2. inhonestus : (women) u. in 
 behaviour at home, inhonestae domi, 
 Ter. Eun. 5, 4. 16 : v. genteel, un- 
 
 GENTLEMANLY, MEAN. LOW. 
 
 ungentle ; v. ungenteel, unkind, 
 bough. 
 ungentlemanly : 1. iliiWraiis, e : 
 
 opp. til ingeinius. id. Off. i, 29. 104: v. 
 
 GENTLEMANLY, UNGENTKKL, MEAN. 2. 
 
 sordldus: opp. to llberalls and inge- 
 nuus: id. Off. 1,42. 15°- 3. inhones- 
 tus: Join: tur^1issimus atque inho- 
 nesti.s.-iimns. Cic. Rose. Am. 18, 50. 
 
 ungently : v. roughly. 
 
 UUgird: 1. discingo, .\i, ctum, j: 
 Juv. 8, 120. 2. rCcingo, }: to u. a 
 rolie, tunicjim r., Ov. Met i. 598. 3. 
 solvo, vi, sOlutum, }:_ zonaiu solvo, 
 Caiull. 2, I}. 4. desterno. straNi 
 
 ungracious: L InhOmSnus: tdut 
 more u. than he f quis inhumaiiior? 
 Cic. Verr. 2. 78, 192. 2. iuiquus: 
 u. to all, omnibus l, id. Plane 16. 40, 
 3. acerbus: u. men, from tlie s'-hool 
 of Zeno, a. e Zenonis scbola, id. N. l>. 
 }, }i, 77. 4. pittilans: opp. to or- 
 banus. Id. Off. i,'29, 104. 5. riciL^ns; 
 Join : invitus et recusiins : id. de Or. 1, 
 4.18. I'hr. : heappearstobeu.atfrtt, 
 difflclles aditus primos habet, Hur. S. 1, 
 9, 56: V. gracious, uncoubteocs. 
 
 ungraciously: gravate; Cic. Balb. 
 16. ;f>. 
 
 ungraciousness : ^- uncoubteous- 
 
 ! NK.-r.-. l:iH-.,IINK.--. 
 
 I ungrammatical : barbSms ; u. 
 costs, barbarl casus, Cic Or. 48. 100. 
 An u. usage: sOloeclsmus: yulni. i, 5, 
 J4, foil.: <;.-ll. 5, 20 V. grammatical 
 ungrammatically: bariAre: Cit 
 Tusc 2 4. 12 v. gkammaticau.v. 
 
 ungrateful: I. Forgetful of 
 
 kiudntis . 1. ingratus : an u. mtnd. 
 L animus, Cic Alt 9. 26. 2. mil* 
 gratus: Ov. Her. 7. 27. 3. Ixineticil 
 immemor; Ter. Aiidr. I, 1. 17. 4. 
 immemor : u. Alphenus .' Alphtne I. ! 
 CatuU. 27, 1. 6. "on obllgalus bene- 
 ficio : V. Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69. Pbr. lo be 
 tUterly u., nulla gratia teneri : id. N. U. 
 
 I, 44. 124: V GRATEFUL, THANKI.KSa, 
 
 II. InpteasatU : v. unpi.ea.sam, 
 
 DISAGRI KAliI.E. 
 
 Ungrounded: v. c boundless. 
 ungrudgingly : „ 1. ''"'"'^ ^"^J^ = 
 PI. Trill. 4. 1.:. 2. lu.n mvitus Cic 
 
 Am I 4 V. WILLINGLY. I lIKERKlLLt. 
 
 unguarded: I. .\"t «y"ched: 
 
 1 incustodiius : the u.JoUl. iiku.-4o- 
 dltum' ovlle, Ov. Tri.-L 1. 5- 'o- 2. "> 
 Uberis custodiis. Sail. CaU 47. 3. «>- 
 liitus: Join: iiegteitus ac s- .lulus. Liv. 
 25 J9 Phr.:hesanthevaUsu.,XftcA\x- 
 tills custodias in muro disi>..>it:is vileUil, 
 Caes. B.G. 7, 27 : the gaUs and ramport 
 beir,,, quite u., quum stalio nulla ptt> 
 portls. iieque in vallo custodiae essenl. 
 
 Liv. 25.i9- II- •"^■"' '''"'^'"F'„A 
 
 Incautus: Virg. A.iu i. J50: '» '"^•} 
 
 stratum, J 'late !nd infreq.)': he u.d ^ me,, u. (off i/'i«'-'*.>- '"^""J^^^^J^ 
 his camck destravit cainelos, Vulg. Liv. 25, }8. 2. secQ'-u*. •»«'" /^ 
 Gen.xxiv.,2. | cun.s ae ^^huus b. ,9. 3.^"'"* 
 unrirf 1 diseinctus: Hor. S. 2, remls-sus: caes. H- 1. I, 14- ,*• '„ 
 1.7? 2." Uxus: an«.,-oJ«,tOKalaxa, prQdens: Cx'^- '^"'^'IJ^^lri^^'^'-^ 
 Tib. I. 7.46: V. loose (a</>.). SLACK. " .^.. . v^m 
 
 ungloved : v. GI.ov^», gu)ved. 
 ungodliness: v. imi-iktv. 
 ungodly : 1 i'ic««»"^ : "'^f- Od. 
 
 PARKK. rAltFLK.SS. UNr»lTKcTB». 
 
 unguardedly: '^^"'f™; J"'": 
 
 timer? ;ic l.Ttuitu. Cic Off. I. J9, 10}. 
 
 v. RVSlll V, H i^TII.Y. 
 
 i M 
 
 BrTABLK. 
 
 McrllJgus: u. 
 |^rS7s.rgu.-8.rib. }. 5. 11. ^^2. «»-
 
 UNHAND 
 
 U N H D R 1 
 
 UN INSTRUCTED 
 
 cestus : to profane rites by an u. crime, 
 incesto flagitio poUuere ceremonias, Auct. 
 Dom. 40, 1 05. 3. sacer : u. lust nf 
 gold, auri sacra fames, Virg. Aen. }, jf. 
 
 V. UNHOLY. 
 
 unhand : v. to loose, to beleasr. 
 unhandsome : v. uglt, ungexe- 
 
 BOUS, FODL. 
 
 unhandy : '^. inrwiELDr, cLUMsr. 
 unhaioily : I. with bad res«/< .• 
 
 1. calamltose : Cic. Off. j, 29, 105. 
 
 2. iniprospere: Col. 1,1,16: v. on- 
 
 POBTUNATELT. UNLUCKILY. ||. Sadll/ : 
 
 I, misgrabiliter: the illust7'ii)iis man 
 dies not «., non m. vir clarus emoritur, 
 Cic. Tiisc. I, 40, q6. 2. niisere : to 
 live happily or u. beate misereve vivere. 
 Id. Fin. ;, 15. 50: v. sadly, miserably. 
 
 unhappiness : v. misfobtune, mi- 
 
 8EBY. 
 
 unhappy : v. happy, luckless, tin- 
 fortunate, UNLUCKY, MISERABLE. 
 
 unhardened : v. tendeb, soft. 
 
 unharmed : v- unhurt. 
 
 unharmonious : v. inharmonious, 
 discokdant. 
 
 unharness: |. v. animals: 1. 
 solvo, vl, solutuni, ; : Virg. Georg. 2, 542. 
 2. resolvo: to u. horses, r. equos, 
 Ov. Fast. 4, 180. 3. disjungo, xl, ctum, 
 J (unyoke) : to u. the beasts, jumenta d., 
 Cic. Div. 2, j6, TJ. 4. religo, i : 
 Cybele u.s (the litms), C. religat juga 
 manu, Catull. Atys, 8;. 6. retoitto, 
 misi, missum, } : the beast u.'d (un- 
 yoked), nodo jugi remissus quadrupes, 
 PetroD. Sat. 89, 59. 6. diduco.dnxi, 
 duclum, j: poet., Hor. Od. }, 9, 18. 
 7. helciiim dlmoveo : Apiil. Met. 9. 
 p. 112, Elni. : u.'d, helcio absolutu^ ib. 
 p. 227. II, Take off armour: v. to 
 ixsarm, to undress, ungird. 
 
 unhatched : v. to hatch. 
 
 unhealed : P h r. : the u-ound is 
 still u., vivit taciturn sub pectore vul- 
 nus, Virg. Aen. 4, 67: Dido, ivith u. 
 wound, recens a vulnere Dido, ib. 6, 
 450 . V. unccred, fresh, to heal. 
 
 unhealthily ; insalubrlter : and 
 expr. by adj.: v. unhealthy. 
 
 unhealthiness : I. unhealthy 
 
 condition : 1, valetudo : the srason 
 had tried the army xvith u., exercitum 
 valetudine tentaverat, Caes. B. C. j, 2. 
 Phr. : extreme u, tenuis aut nulla 
 potius valetudo. Cic. Sen. 11, j;; in- 
 firma atque aegra valet"do, id. Brut. 48, 
 180 ; totius valetudinia tonquassatio et 
 perturbatio, id. I'usc. 4, ij, 29. 2. 
 mala valetudo : u. of mind, ni. v. animi, 
 id. Tusc. 4, J7, 80. 3. Invaletudu : id. 
 Att. 7, 2. 4. aegrltQdo : id. Tusc. j, 
 I J, 28. 5. aegrotatio: ib. 4. ij, 29. 
 6, ad aegrotandum prociivltas: ib. 
 12, 28. 7. imbecillitas coipuris: id 
 Att. II, 6, 2. 8. Infirniitas valetu- 
 dinis ; id. Fam. 7, 1. 9. pesiilentia: 
 u. o/"ejii)ai7s (in sacrifice), p. extorum, 
 opp. to salubritas, id. Div. i, 57, i;i. 
 
 II, Condition causing ilUhealth : 
 1. intenipSries, ei, /. ; ;/. 0/ atmo 
 
 sphere, i. coeli. Liv. 8, 18. 2. gravitas . 
 u. of this climate, hujus coeli g.,Cic. Att. 
 11,22. 3. pestilentia : land deserted 
 on account of u., propter pestilentiam 
 vastum atque desertum, id. Agr. 2, 26, 70. 
 unhealthy : j. Disposed to ill- 
 health : 1, ad aegrotandum proclivis : 
 Cie. Tusc. 4, 12, 28. 2. invalidus : 
 u. offspring (of horses) i. nati, Virg. 
 Georg. J, 128. Join: i. atque aeger, 
 Suet. Aug i;. 3. infirmae valelii- 
 dinis, or tSnuis valetudinis : Cic. Brut. 
 48, 180: id. Sen. 11, J5. 4. valetu- 
 dine affectus : Cic. B. C. I, Jl. 5, 
 male validus : an u. son, filius m. v., 
 Hor. S. 2, 5, 4?. 6. uiale \ivus 
 
 (poet.): Ov. A. A. 2, 660. 7. nior- 
 
 bbsus: an u. slaiv., servus niorbosus, 
 Cato R. R. 2, 7. Join morbosus et 
 vitiosus, Varr. R. R. 2, i, 21. 8. 
 
 valetiidinarius : ai> u. flock, v. pecus, ib. 
 2, 1, '5 tn send remedies to an u. man, 
 valeiudinario medicamenta mitto. Sen. 
 Beii. I, II, 6. 9. morbidus. the u. 
 fxyf, pars ni., l.ucr. 6, 1259 "• ^^^< 
 anes m., Varr. R. H. j, i6, 22. 10, 
 causanus (on invalided soklier') : c 
 808 
 
 miles, Liv. 6, 6: the u. parts, causariae 
 partes. Sen. Ep. 68, 6. U, languens : 
 an u. multitttde of country folk, I. 
 copia agricolarum, Lucr. 6. 1258. 12. 
 languldus : an u. (?€e, 1. arbur, Pallad. !, 
 25,4: V. SICK. ILL. II. Causing ill- 
 
 liealth ; unwholesome : 1, insalubris : 
 Col. 1, 4, 2. 2. pesillens : p. ager, 
 
 ib. : p. annus, Cic. Div. i, 57, i?o. 3, 
 vitiosus : u. distriits, viliosae regiones, 
 Vitruv. 5, J. 4. gravis, e : u. 
 
 autumn, g. auctumtius, Hor. S. 2, 6, 19. 
 Join; gravis et pestilens, Cic. Div. i, 
 57, no; Fam. 5, 16. 5. noxius (inju- 
 rious) : u. blasts from the sea, afflatus 
 maris noxii, Plin. 17, 4, 24. 6. uocl- 
 vus (injurious to) ■ u. for cattle, pecori 
 n., id. 20, 2, 6. 7. nocens tke S. 
 u-ind u. for men's bodies, nocens cor- 
 poribus Auster, Hor. Od. 2, 14, I } : u. 
 blasts, nocentes spirltus, Vitruv. 5, j : 
 
 v. UNWHOLESOME, HURTFUL. 
 
 unheard: 1. inaudltus: u. and 
 undefended, i. et indefensus, Tac. A. 2, 
 77 : the other side being u., parte inau- 
 dita altera. Sen. Med. 199. 2. ion 
 auditus : straiiis u. before, carmina non 
 prius audita, Hor. Od. j, I, 2. P b r. : 
 to condemn a man u., absentem con- 
 deniiiare, Cic. Verr. 2, 17, 41 : causa in- 
 dicia damnare, ib. 5, 42, 109: nhatever 
 is said to me about you, I pass by u., 
 ad surdas mihi dicitur aure.s Prop. 2, 
 
 16, IJ : V. UNDEFENDED. 
 
 of: inauiiitus : Join : inauditus 
 
 autnovus, Cic. de Or, I. ji. i?7- Phr.: 
 such a thing uas u. of before, hoc post 
 hominum memoriam contigit nemini, 
 Cic. Cat. I, 7, 16: ^ behai'ed uith u. of 
 cruelty after the victory, post victoriam 
 audito crudelior, Veil. 2, 25 : v. un- 
 known, TO HEAR, NEW, STRANGE. 
 
 unheated : 1. nondum calg- 
 
 factus, or calfactus: Ov. lb. 47. 2. 
 tgpidus (luketiarm) : Ov. Hem. 629 : v. 
 cool. 
 
 unheeded (part, adj.): neglectus, 
 incuria praetermissus : to leave u., 
 negligere, incuria praetermittere : v. to 
 
 NEGLECT. 
 
 unheedful : I incJiriosus. immemor : 
 unheeding :t see also uNJiiNnFui.. 
 unhelmeted : galea expers, nudato 
 capite (Virg. Aen. 12, ?I2). 
 
 unheroic : mollis, ignavus, etc. : V. 
 
 EFFEMINATE, COWABDLT. 
 
 unhesitating : ) fidenti animo : 
 
 unhesitatingly:! Cic. Tusc. i, 46, 
 iio: cf. fidens animi, Virg. Aen. 2, 61. 
 Also audacter; v. boldly, fearlessly. 
 / ivill ansicer n. (without raising diffi- 
 culties), non haesitans respondebo, Cic. 
 Ac. I. 2, 4. 
 
 unhewn : rudis, e (unwrougkt) : u. 
 marble, r. marmor. Quint. 2, 19. j. 
 (Caemeiitum. usu. pi., and saxum cae- 
 menticium, denote rough stone and chips 
 of stone from the quarry, used both for 
 building walls, and oftener, for filling up 
 the interior of a structure, while the 
 exterior was finished off with dressed 
 stoTie.saxuni quadratum). (Infabricatus 
 occurs only Virg. Aen. 4, 400, and should 
 not be used in prose.) 
 
 unhinge: on'y fig-: to "• i^e mind, 
 perh. animum resolvere ; animi nervos 
 elidere (which phrases, however, corres- 
 pond more closely to Eng. unnerve) : 
 perh. labefactare animum (to shake, 
 weaken, impair): R. and A. give ani- 
 mum de statu dejicere, certo de statu 
 demovere (e Cic.) ; the sense of which is 
 rather to disconcert, deprive of self- 
 possesion. 
 
 unhistorical : parum compertus 
 (cf Sail. Cat. 22) ; *historia parum com- 
 probatus; tabulae commenticiae potius 
 quam historiae naturam habens. 
 
 unholiness: impietas. v. impiety. 
 
 WICKEDNESS. 
 
 unholy : impius v. impious, wick- 
 ed. 
 
 unhoped for ; insperatus (unex- 
 pecti-d) : Cic. Join: insperatus et nec- 
 opiiius (necopinatus) : Cic 
 
 unhorse: Phr; equo dejicere, 
 Liv. 4, 19. Caes. 
 
 unhurt: incOiamis, e : v. safe (H.). 
 
 unhurtful: iimoxius: v. HAUMLEsa 
 
 unicorn : niSnocgros, otis, m. : Plin. 
 8, 21, }i (fabulous animal): later, 
 called also, unicomuus: Ten. (Uni- 
 cornis, e, occurs as adj. in Plin.). 
 
 uniform (<idj.) : 1, aequabllis, e 
 (even) : a sure and u. motion, motus cer- 
 tus et aeq., Cic. X. D. 2, 9, 2} : (animals 
 have) greater and more u. health, virium 
 major et aequabilior firniitas, Sen. Ep. 
 I'it iv 2. expr. by tgnor, oris (un- 
 interrupted course) : u. ai'd unbroken 
 course of law, unus et perpetuus t. juris, 
 Liv. J5, 16: to l:eep on a u. (undeoia- 
 ting) course, tenorem serv.ire, Virg. Aen. 
 10, 540: see also uniformly. (Uni- 
 formis occurs, Tac. Or. j2, simplex et 
 miiformis, but not in present sense.) 
 3. sometimes tralaticius or trans- 
 laticius (usual, customary) : v. bodtine 
 (adj.). See also monotonous. 
 
 uniform (sul>s.) : perh. • omatua 
 (vestitus, habitus) mllitarls. 
 
 uniformity : 1. aequabilltas : M. 
 of motion, aeq. motus, Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 
 1$: u. of style, aeq. dictndi, id. Or. 16, 
 5 J. 2. sometimes tenor (uniTiteiTupt- 
 ed course) : Cic. . v. uniform, adj. See 
 also monotony. Phr.: the Act of U., 
 *lex de unaeademque rellgionuni norma 
 regulaque constituenda. 
 
 uniformly : 1. aeqnabTUter : Sail. 
 C. 2 : Tac. 2. uno tenore : Cic. Or. 
 6, 21 (of style). 
 
 unilateral : * unilatsrus (perh. as 
 t. t.) : or, unum latus habens. 
 
 unimaginable : *quod animo fingl 
 non potest : v. to imagine. 
 
 unimpaired: 1. integer (lit. 
 
 not touched : hence, not broken in upon 
 or wasted) : Caes. : Cic. 2. intactus 
 (sim. in meaning but less freq.); with 
 strength u., 1. viribus. Curt. 9, 7. med. 
 Join: integer intactusque, Liv. 3, 
 incSlumis, e (uninjureS) : v. safe (II.). 
 
 . to be: vigeo, ui, 2 (to 6* in 
 
 fuU vigour) .- my mind at all events i» 
 M., animo duntaxat vigemus, Cic. Att. 
 4, J : so, animus valet, Sail. Cat. 20. 
 
 unimpassioned : lentus : the u. 
 
 Menelaus, I. Mr-nelaus, Ov. Her. 16 (17), 
 249 : an u. girl, I. puella, Tib. See also 
 
 quiet, sedate, INDIFFERf;NT. 
 
 unimpeachable : 1. sanctus, 
 
 sanctissinius (free from blemish or 
 
 fault) : V. IRREPROACHABLE. 2. '5- 
 
 cuples (of a witness : of good authority) : 
 V. TRUSTH orthy. See also spotless. 
 
 unimportant: i^vis, parvi (nui- 
 lius) momenti ■ v. trifling, insigni- 
 ficant. 
 
 unimposing: specie parum magni- 
 fica; quod oculos specie non capit: v. 
 ni posing. 
 
 uninfluenced : ultro : v. sponta- 
 neously. 
 
 uninformed : v. lONORAirr. 
 
 uninhabitable: TnhabitabUis, e: 
 Cic. N. D. 1, 10, 24. (Later used = 
 habitabllis, from inhabito.) Also, non 
 habitabilis : non habitabile frigus, Ov. 
 Tr. J, 4. 51. Phr. : to be altogether m, 
 omni cultu ^^care, Cic. Tusc. i, 20, 4;. 
 
 uninhabited : 1, desertus (not 
 
 inhabitid or frequented by men) : opp. 
 frequens, Quint. 5, 10, 57 : Cic. : v. 
 SOLITARY (II., 2). 2. usu. better 
 
 expr. by circuml., e. g., cultorum egens, 
 Liv. (Q.); cultoribus inanis. Sail. (Q.); 
 omni cultu vacans, Cic. N. D. i, 20, 45. 
 Phr.: u. regions, solitudines . v. desebt, 
 subs. 
 
 uninitiated: prSfanus (not conse- 
 crated) : Virg. Aen. 6, 258. Used fig. : 
 u. in learning, literarum p., opp. doc- 
 trina initiati, Macr. S. S. I, 18, init. 
 Or without a figure, rudis, ignarus; and 
 by change of fig., peregrinus, hospes. 
 
 V. IGNORANT, UNACt^UAtNTED WITH, CtC. 
 
 uninjured: incolumis, salvus: ▼. 
 
 SAFE (II.). 
 
 uninspired: nuUo divino aflaatu in- 
 stinctus ; * non inspiratus (very late) . 
 V. TO INSPIRE. Sometimes bumanus, 
 opp. divinus, may be precise enough. 
 
 uninstructed : riidls,e(withpe»»j« 
 
 v. UNACQUAINTED. Sce alsO IGMO' 
 
 BANT.
 
 UN I NTEI,1,IGENT 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 UNKNO W S 
 
 unintelligent : tardus ; lugcuio 
 parum acuio v intelligkkt. 
 
 unintelligible: obscurus u. lan- 
 juaye. o. lingua. Lucr i, 640 slrengih- 
 ened, obscui-us et caecus. Cic. Agr 2 i-\ 
 j6; V QuscuRK. Or pxpr by circuml. . 
 Don a|>ertus ad intelligetiduiii ; qui>d 
 mens huniana capere iion potest, Kr. 
 (eCic); 10 say ulut is u, quud nemo 
 intelligat diccrp, Cic. I'h. }. 9. 22. 
 
 unintelligibly. xbMuie; ita ut 
 aemo inulllu'at v. prco-d. art. 
 
 unintentional: "on (hand) cogi- 
 
 tatus s. niiditatiis v. imu.mkiht.^tku 
 Phr. ■ to be (juilty of an u oinitsion, 
 aliquem (aliqiihl) inrprudentem prae- 
 terire, Cic ; v. foil. art. 
 
 unintentionallv : 1. expr. by 
 
 imprudens / did (it) u., Imprudens 
 feci, Ter Hec. 5,4,40; Cic. (Imprud- 
 enter in this sense is doubtful in Cic. 
 Inv I, }o, 46, Nobbe reads qui Impru- 
 dentes [not -ter] laesernnt.) 2. by 
 Insciens v. ignobantlv (1). 3. P^r 
 Imprudentiam: Cic Verr. 2, 2, 2}, 57. 
 See also accidkntallt 
 
 uninterested : v. disinterested. 
 
 uninierestin? ; friguius (jlat and 
 li/el' as), ariclus, jejuntis (dii/, pithless), 
 injucundus, etc. Or by phr. : quod le- 
 gentis (audientis) aninium nou tenet : 
 
 V. INTKKKTtNG. 
 
 unintermitting : asslduus ; quod 
 nulla interniissione tit: v ixctasAKT. 
 
 uninterruptedly : sine ^uilaj inter- 
 missione: v. inci->.sastlt. 
 
 uninterrupted : 1. perpetuus 
 
 (runnitig on without a break): u. 
 ranges {of mountavis), p. juga, I'lin. }, 
 5, 7 : u. lines of fortification, p. Hiuni- 
 tloues, Caes. B. C. j, 44: Cic. 2. 
 continuus {of things following close 
 vpon one anothei; vithout an interval) : 
 u. wars, c. bella, Liv. 10, Ji : «• toil, c. 
 labor. Quint. I, j, 8 : also quite like 
 perpetuus : {one) u. bone {inst'-ad of 
 teeth), c. OS, Plin. 7, 16, 15. 3. con- 
 tinen.s, ntis (like prect-d.) : u. toil, c 
 r'niniuni dierum] labor, Caes. B. C. J, 
 Oi : Lw. 4. assiduus: v. inci-^ssant. 
 
 uninterruptedly : continenter : 
 Caes. B. G. j, 5. See also incf-ssantly. 
 Also continuus {adj.) may serve, ace. 
 to L. G. } J4J : cf. Liv. 10, Jl. 
 
 uninured : insuetus (with gen.) : 
 Caes. B. (i 7, JO. also less freq. foil, by 
 abl. or ad and ace. ; v. rNACcrsroMED. 
 
 uninvited : invocatus Nep. Cim. 4. 
 
 uninviting: insuavis, injiicundus: 
 
 V. UNPLKASANT. 
 
 union: I. .Act of joining: 1. 
 consdciatio: u. of family (by marriage), 
 c gentis, Liv. 40, 5 : Cic. So expr. by 
 part, of consCcio : o constitution formed 
 by the u. of these {forms), delecta ex bis 
 et consociata reipublicae forma, Tac. A. 
 ^ it : by the u. of these, quibus conso- 
 ciatis ■ V. to cnite. 2. junctio, con- 
 junctio (expressing Ifss than preced. and 
 denoting contact) : Cic. 3. in Lucr. 
 concilium Lucr. i, 485. Also, aW. only, 
 eoncUiatus, us id. Phr.- formed by 
 then, of a numbrr of things, concretus 
 ex pluribus naiuris, Cic N. D. }. 14. 
 II, Agreemerit : consensus, us ; con- 
 Bensio: Cic. v. DNANiMrrv. |||, 
 
 States united: concTliuni, civitates foe- 
 deratae (foedere junctae) v. league. 
 See also society. |V. Marriage : 
 
 miitrimonlum. v marriage. 
 
 unionist : *<!"• clvluitem (civitates) 
 B(Jungl s. dirumpi pruhil)et. 
 
 Uniqun ; unicus. singularia: v. sin- 
 
 eULAR. nNl'ARAI.I.KLED. 
 
 unisexual: *uno sexu praedllus. 
 
 unison : i'br. to sing in u., * una 
 voce concinere. 
 
 unit: 1. monas, adis./. : cf. Macr. 
 3. S. I, 6, ad init , unum autem quod 
 fiova;, id est, unit^is diiitur ... and a 
 little further on, haec monas. . . . (in 
 Latin letters). 2. unio, Cnis, m. : 
 Tert. 
 
 tmitarian: 'unltarlus: as theol.i t. 
 
 unitarianisiu: 'unitanorum (qui 
 dtcuntur) ratio. 
 
 unite: |. Trans. 1. con- 
 
 sOcio, I . to u. thexr thade (<2f treet), c 
 
 umbrani, Hnr Od. 2, }, lo i/oa iivic 
 never so hrartUy u.d viUi tite senate, 
 niinquam lam vphementercons«»cialicum 
 senaiu fuistla.Cic. l'li.4, 5. 12 Liv. Less 
 strong, B6cio, I Uj u. ones'-lf V> any onr 
 liy the nuptial tie, se alirul vinclo Jugali 
 s., Viru. 2. junco, conjungn, j; v. 
 TO JOIN. 3, coiicllio, I (rare in this 
 .sense) Lucr. I'lin. 4. connecto, 
 xni, xum, i to u. (rirers) b;/ a trench, 
 lacta inter utrumque fossa c, Tac, . v. 
 TOcosNhCT. II. In trans, tn grow 
 t'njethei , form into one: \, <6fii, 4, 
 irr : an artny when cut d/ies not u , 
 urt<riaincisanonc.,Cels. 2, 10: strength- 
 ened, in unum coire, Liv. 6. ?. med.: 
 coire in unum globum.and, in unitatem 
 c, Cels. 4, 19, ad Jin. 2. cfiilesco, 
 alui, J (giodually) : the eyelid whm 
 severed by a wound does not unite, 
 (cilium) viiluete diducium non c, Plin. 
 II, J7. 57 K^tP- in fig. sense: to u. 
 easily {of nations), facile c, Siill. Cat. 6 : 
 more fully, inpopuli unlus corpus c, l..iv. 
 
 1, 8, init.: and where union of purpose 
 is meant, m hunc consensnm c, I'ac. H. 
 
 2, ?7- 3. expr. by pass. rejl. of con- 
 socio, I. \.supT. (L). 4. conscntio, 
 conjuro • v. to agree, consimre. 
 
 united (?>*"■'• i<0) ■■ cons^clatus, sii- 
 cius : v, to msTTE, and allied. 
 
 uniter • expr. by verb : v. to csite. 
 
 unity: I. Oneness: unitas: Gell. : 
 Scrr. eccl. Or expr. by unus : they teach 
 the u. of (lod, • Deura unum esse, Dei 
 naturam unam simplicemque esse do- 
 cent. II, Agreement : 1, consen- 
 sus, coBsensio: v. agreement, nsANi- 
 MiTV. 2, Concordia: v. conxord. 
 
 (Unitas only in connection with con- 
 sensus : Sen. V. B. 8, extr.) |||. In a 
 work of art : expr. by Onus : let your 
 theme be what you please, only let there 
 be a u. about it, sit quodvis simplex 
 duntaxat et unum, Hor. A. P. 2j: there 
 is a wonderful u. about the Iliad, "mira- 
 blliter Iliadis membra quasi unum corpus 
 efflciunt: both poems bear the stamp of 
 u., *unius continuaeque poesis speciem 
 utrumque carmen prae se fert, Baiiml. 
 pref. Horn. p. xix. 
 
 universal : 1. unlversus : hatred 
 so intense and so u., odium tantum ac 
 tam u., Cic. Pis. 27, 65 (a rare use) ; 
 more freq. expr. by gen. pi. : e. g. the 
 individual and the u.good [good of all], 
 uniuscujusque et universorum utilitas, 
 id. Off. }, 6, init. So may be used cunc- 
 torum, omnium : v. all. 2. com- 
 munis, e {shared by all) : the u. good, c. 
 [omnium] uiilitas, Cic Off. j, 12. 52. 
 3. only in tech. lang., universalis, e ; 
 u. precepts, u. praecepta, Quint. 2, ij, 
 14 (where the word is introduced with 
 an apology to represent Gr. xadoAtKo;) : 
 M. L. See also general. 
 
 universalist : *qui docet fore ut 
 
 universuin hnininum genus salvenlur. 
 
 universality: perh. communitas: 
 
 or expr. by phr. : they teuvh the a. of the 
 Gospel, *Evangelium universi hominum 
 generis commune ac proprium esse 
 docent. 
 
 universally : |. TTitA extension 
 to Vie II hole, iiot individually : in uni- 
 versum. universe, generatim v gener- 
 ally. II. Without excepliom : expr. 
 by unlversus, cunctus, f mnis ■ to lielieve 
 that men are u. depraved, "uuiviTsum 
 hominum genus corruptnm ac deprava- 
 tum esse u. celebrated, •omnibus iiotis- 
 simus ; per totum orbem terrarum cele- 
 beirimus to ue u. detested, •omnibus 
 odio e.sse. 
 
 universe ; 1. mundns (Gk. k6<t- 
 jios the u.as exhibiting onlev and sys- 
 tem) . Cic. pass. : Plin. 2. univer- 
 sum ■ but best not used in nam. : Vie 
 aealor of the u., universi genltor. Col. 
 J, 10, niei.: Cic N D. 1, 4}. 120 (in 
 eodem universo). 3. unlversltas {the 
 totality) : more fully, u. renim. Cic N. I ). 
 I, 4!, 120 but simply universiias, id 
 Tim. 2 (but immediately afterwards the 
 word mnndus Is used, and continues to 
 be so used) 
 
 university : acMfmia . Stat Can- 
 tab. : Kr. (Kr. also allows universitas, 
 
 but Ui« is qur>liuiial>te.) To be at tkt 
 u., 'versari inter ilve.'% ucad.-iiiia>-, Kr. 
 Univocal : unlv^cu- Man. Cap 
 
 uniuBt: 1. injusiu^ etc Lit. 
 Tn enter on on u. I'Oi with . ., anna 
 Injubia inftrrre, Llv.7. 29 2. Iniquus 
 
 {unfair, on groumls of common fquily : a 
 meaning which oft<»ii jiab.-^!, int.) ihat of 
 unfai-oural,U, hoitiU) : vcnjaie. 3, 
 iiijiirlosua {owtivel;/ wvrkmg ham and 
 urong tu uny une) , al!>o. in same h>-uvk, 
 injurius: thryate u. {yuiUiinJ a wrung) 
 toi'-anU their on-n kindied, iiijuriusi 
 sunt in pruximos, Cic Off. i, 14, 44. 
 Phr.. to make an u. tU'ree, injuht«, 
 inique deceniere (v. UNjnuiLT)- to do 
 what is u. (or unlawful), cuntra Ju» 
 lacere allquid, Cic. Caec. 1, 2 
 
 unjustifiable : qo'^d centra Ju8 Dt; 
 quod nihil excusaiionis babet v. iNca- 
 
 CL'SABLE. 
 
 unjustly : 1. injuats : Cic 
 
 Join; male et injusie rfac<;re], Nep. 
 2. Iniqiig (unfairly): opp. Jure, 
 Liv. J9, 48 : Cic. 3 per injuriam (tn 
 an unjust manner) : ( 'ic Verr. j, 07, 
 226 : and, with somewhat diff. s»-n>o, in- 
 juria {without good reason or justihca- 
 tion), id. Cat. 1, 7, 17. 4. Inju'ridse 
 
 {wrongfully): Cic 5. contra Jtu 
 
 (esp. with ref. to the law) : Cic. Oaec., 
 init. 
 
 unkempt : incomtus : Hor. 
 
 unkind ; 1. InhCimanug (stronger 
 than Kng. : wanting in refinement and 
 courtesy, churlish): a m/jit u. {brutal) 
 man, homo inhumanlssimus, Ter. I'h. }, 
 2,25: Cic. 2. Inconimodus (ciii/jrce- 
 able) : u-ith nU even an u. word, ne sitre 
 quidem i., Liv. j, 14, fn. 3. diff»- 
 cilis, e {hard to please or prevail upon) 
 a parent u. to his children, parens In 
 liberos d., Att. in Cic. N. D. }, 29. 7 ,) 
 {Penelope) u. to suitors, d. procis, Hor. 
 Od. }, 10, II. 4. illiberalis. e {un- 
 handsome): Cic. Fam. ij. 1, fin. f). 
 expr. by comis, bJnignus.offlciosus, with 
 baud, parum, non v. kind. (Inufflcio 
 sus, disobliging occurs, Cic. Alt. u, 27.) 
 
 For U. soil. V. f.s KINDLY. Oilj. 
 
 unkindly (u J ''•); inbiimanS(ratbei 
 stronger than Eng.)- Cic. Off. j, 6, }0 
 also, parum comiier {icith lack of 
 courtesy: v. kindly); illibirallter ^un- 
 handsomely) : Ter. Ad. 4, 5, jo; dunis, 
 ferreus (v. habi>-heaiitei>i. Phr. : 
 nature has dealt u. u-ith one, natura cum 
 aliquo maligne egit. Sen. Ep. 44, init. 
 
 unkindly (<i<0) • *»P- *>' '*''' ■ "''• 
 
 lignus Virg. G. 2, 179: Plin. min 
 The u. fates, I'arcae Iniquae, Hor. Od. z. 
 6,9. 
 
 unkindness: lnliumanitas(incjri/»- 
 ty.cliurlishnei-s: oft. in much stronger 
 sense than Eng.) Cic de Or. 1, 2>, 9<^ 
 Phr.: toact with great u tO'ords any 
 one, *parum comem (benignum) se in 
 aliquem praebere; admodum inhumane 
 se gerere v, unkind, cnkisdlv. 
 
 unkingly; 'quod ngem parum 
 
 (baud) dectt. 
 
 unknowingly : impriidens V. ic- 
 norantly. 
 
 unknown {part, o^ ).- L Igni- 
 tus: generi'US wine 'f 11. date, nobllis 
 ignoto diffuMis consule Bacchns. Lucan 
 4. J79. altogether ii, ignoiivimus. Cit 
 Fl. 17, 40. 2. Ignarus (u.'<ii. In acL 
 sense, but found alio patt. . not in C\c.): 
 an u. tongue, ignara luiv.'ua. Sail. J. 18: 
 Tac. Ov. 3. Inroiniltus (not ascer- 
 tained: on uhich iTK has no informa- 
 tion): to take things u. (unproriai) for 
 knoivn (ascertained), incugnlia pro cog- 
 nitls habere. Cii. Off I. () l8. atl <• hxck 
 particulars (ronca^ing the geography 
 of Britain) urre u. tu the Haul*, quae 
 omnia Gallis i. erani, Caes B. G. 4, 20 
 (i.e. the Hauls had not informed thrm- 
 telves about thevt) : SurU 4. nesclut 
 (rare in pass, sense). PL Fac. 5. 
 pirum rompiTius (not authenticated): 
 cf. Sail. CaL 22. Phr it is u„ parum 
 constat, baud satis constat cf. Cf Fam. 
 1 1, 1, init. u iiy his wife, clam uxorem, 
 nxore, PL Caes. (v kn'owlf.inik, Phr.) . 
 also imprudence aliquo or -qua: Qc S. 
 Am. 8. 21.
 
 UNLABOURED 
 
 UNLOVELY 
 
 UNMANNERLY 
 
 unlaboured : P h r. : o plain and 
 U. style, purus sermo et dissimilis curae, 
 Quint. 8, J, 14 (H. and A.) also, minime 
 arcessltus s. elabnratus . cf. yuint. 12, 
 10, 40. 
 
 uillace : pert, solvo, j v.to loosen. 
 
 unlade: v, unload. 
 
 unladvlike • ilUberalis ; *quod liber- 
 am muiierem baud decet. 
 
 unlamented : * npmini ploratus ; 
 qnem nemo luget v. to moukn. Also 
 poet., illacrimabilis; Hor. Od. 4, 9, 26. 
 
 unlawful. 1. with verb to be, 
 fas, with some negative word ; iiefas : 
 with ref. to divine or natural law : they 
 think it to be u. to taste. . ., gustare. . . 
 fas non putant, Caes. B. G. 5, 12 : so, ne- 
 que fas existimani, ib. 6, 14 in an u. 
 manner, contra quain fas erat, Cic. Clu. 
 5, 12. So, It i-s M., uelas est: Cic: Caes. 
 
 And after a prep., per [onine] fas ac 
 nefas {by lawjul or u. misans), Liv. 6, 
 14, mud. 2. expr. by contra jus, 
 
 contra legem (with ref. to state law) : to 
 act in an u. manner, coiiira jus facere, 
 Cic. Caes., ini«. : v. unlawfully. 3. 
 expr. it is u., by licet, with negative foil. 
 by dot. or absol. : it is u.for ani/ one to 
 lead an army against his country, 
 nemini licet exercitum contra patriam 
 dncere, Cic. Ph. u, 6, 14: v. lawful, 
 TO BE. 4. vgtitus {forbidden) ; v. 
 TO FORBID. 5. iuconcessus (rare) : 
 Virg. Aen. i, 651 (i. hynienaei). 6. 
 illkltus (cf. supr. 3: rare): u. love, i. 
 amor, Tac. A. 12, 5: Val. Fl. 7. 
 with ref. to Ugal business : u. days, 
 dies nefasti, Liv. i, iq.extr. (Non legi- 
 timus = not prescribed by ta"', not in 
 such form as tite law specifies and 
 directs). See also unjust, wickf,d. 
 
 unlawfully: contra legem (leges), 
 opp. ex lege (legibus) : Cic. de Or. }, 19, 
 ■70. So, contra fas, jus; contra fas jus- 
 que, etc. : v. preced. art. 
 
 unlawfulness: expr. by contra 
 legem, etc. : v. unlawful. 
 
 unlearn : dedisco, didici, } : foil, by 
 direct ace. and by inf. : Cic. : cf. to 
 
 LEARN. 
 
 unlearned {adj.): 1. indoctus 
 
 (uneducated and ill informed) : Join: 
 inilocti Imperitique, Cic. Part. 26, 92; 
 opp. (homines) bene instituti {the welU 
 educated) : u. and boorish, i. et agreste 
 [homlnum genus], ib. 2;, 90. 2. i™- 
 pfiritus {without experience or train- 
 ing) : {the public assembly) which con- 
 sists of the most u., quae ex imperitis- 
 simis constat, Cic. Am. 25,9;. Join; 
 niiperlti homines, rerum omnium rudes 
 ignarique, id. Fl. ■;, 16. 3. ineriidi- 
 tus(rare); Cic. Fin. 1,21, 72. 4. il'i- 
 teratus (ace. to Sen. denoting one nnt 
 completely uneducated but tvith little 
 Uarning, ad litteras altiores non per- 
 dnctus, de Ben. 5, i?, 4): not u. (not 
 unacquainted with letters), non i., Cic. 
 de Or. I, 6, 25. 5. rudis, e (imac- 
 quainted with : with gen. or abl., often 
 with prep.) : u. in Greek literature, 
 Grapcarum litterarum r., Cic. Off. init. : 
 iletined by abl. studiis. Veil. 2, "i?: ii. 
 in civil law, r. in jure civil!. Cic. de Or. 
 I, 10, 40: cf. supr. (2). 6. expr. by 
 litterae, with some negative : altogellier 
 «., litterarum omnino rudis, imperiius, 
 peregrinus atque ho.-ipes (v. unac- 
 
 QUAINTKD, IGNOUANT, al.SO STRANGER): 
 
 quite u., * ne minimum quidem litteris 
 imbutu'4 ; qui ne primoribus quidem 
 Ijkbris littnras gustavit : v. lf.arned. 
 
 unlearnedlv : 1. indocie, Cic. : 
 Veil. 2. impgrite; v. unskilfully. 
 
 unleavened : sine fermento, CpIs. 2, 
 24 . Inlermentatus (late) Paul. Nol. 
 Wahl in Lex., *non fermentatus, nuUo 
 fermento facius (panis). (Vulg. Lev. 
 it 4, has panes absque lermento; and 
 Marc. xiv. i, in speaking ol the festival, 
 Az^a, Oram = Gk. ofv^ia, lor.) 
 
 unless : "Isi, contr. ni : constr. same 
 as si, being useil with iiuiic. where a 
 thing is assumed to be so, and with subj. 
 where probability or possibility are con- 
 cerned (v. IF) . [7 report to you good 
 ncivi and true"], u. my parents in vain 
 insfructt.' me in the art of augury, nl 
 900 
 
 frustra angurium docuere parentes,Virg. 
 Aen. I, J92- Cic- u. it were so, she 
 would have left the house, quod nisi esset, 
 domuin reliquisset, Cic. Clu. 66, 189 : u. 
 tine Etesian winds delai/ me, I shall 
 speedily see you, nisi quid me Ete.->iae 
 morabuntur, celeriter vos videbo, id. 
 Fam. 2, 15, exlr. [N.B.— (i.) when the 
 apodosis is expr. by fut. indie, as in 
 last ex., the protasis is also in fut. indie. 
 (ii.) when si non occurs, the word si is 
 alone the hypothetical conjunction, the 
 non attaching itself to a single word in 
 the senteme: cf. Cic. Ph. 12, 8. 21, do- 
 lorem si non potero frangere [if I am 
 unable to crush it], occultabo. (iii.) si 
 is sometimes repeated after nisi : this is 
 esp. the case where si quis occurs: cf. 
 Cic. Fam. 14, 2. noli putare me ad quen- 
 quam longiores epistolas scribere, nisi 
 si qui ad me plura scripsit (here is per- 
 haps an ellipsis : u. I do so, if or ivhen 
 some one, etc.) : Sail, (iv.) note the 
 ironical use of nisi forte, u. perchance ; 
 with in/lie.: u. perchance I am mis- 
 taken, nisi torte animus me fallit. Sail. 
 20. fm. : Cic. Also, nisi vero, u. indeed : 
 Cic". Mil. }, 8.] 
 
 unlettered : iiiueratus : v. un- 
 learn kd. 
 
 unlicensed; I. ^^ot under state 
 
 pel-mission, free (MWt.) : liber: v. free. 
 
 H. JVot having a regular license : 
 
 * nulla per literas potestate data: v. 
 
 LICENSE. 
 
 unlike : 1. d'sslmilis, e (foil, by 
 gen. or dat. of noun or pron. ; by atque 
 or ac before inf. or clause; and by 
 inter to express mutual u.ness) : very u. 
 Q. Crassus (in life), Q. CYassi dissimilli- 
 mus, Cic Br. 81, fin.: nothing so u. 
 as Cotta to Sulpiciits, nihil tam d. quam 
 Cotta Sulpicio, ib. 56, init. : u. one an- 
 other, d. inter se, ib. : it is not u. going 
 to. . ., quod est non d. atque ire. . ., id. 
 Att. 2, ?. Rather different is the use of 
 et cf. id. Ph. 2, 24, 59. d- est militum 
 cau.sa et tua ( = this and that are u. 
 each other). 2. dispar. parls (not 
 matching : with dat. or gen.) : v. dif- 
 ferent. 3. diversus: opp. par, Tac. 
 A. 14, 19; opp. simllis, Quint. Join: 
 diversus ac dissimilis, Cic. Inv. i, 21, 
 J?. 4. alius: V. different. See 
 also TO differ. 
 
 unlikelihood : v. improrabilitv. 
 
 unlikely: parum veri similis: v. 
 
 niPROBABLE. 
 
 unlimber : perh. expedio, 4 {to ex- 
 tricate, disungcge). 
 
 unlimited : infinitus, immenstis : 
 V. INFINITE. Phr. : u. capital, "co- 
 piarum (faculiatum) quantumvis : u. 
 poller, * imperium cujus modus con- 
 stitutus est nuUus : or simply, infinitum 
 imperium. Cic. Verr. j, 91, 21 j; infinita 
 potestas, id. Agr. 2, I?, J? : u. (insatia- 
 ble) lusts, profundae libidines, id. Pis. 
 21, init. 
 
 unload: 1. exSnero, i: to u. a 
 ship, navim ex., PI. St. 4, i, 26: Plin. 
 (In this sense, dSCnero, i, occurs in 
 Amm., and is used fig. by Cic. Div. Verr. 
 14, 46.) 2. expono, posul, itum, j 
 (to set goods ashore) : to u. grain, fru- 
 mentum ex., Cic. Off. }, 12. 51- Pbr. : 
 to u. baggage cattle, deponere onera 
 Jumentis. Caes, B. C. i. 80. (Exinanire 
 navem, Cic. Verr. 5, 25, fin., is robbery, 
 not mere u.ing.) 
 
 unloading: exongratio (mercis): 
 UIp. Usu. better expr. by verb : to put 
 into port for the purpose of u., * expon- 
 endarum mercium appelli: v. to un- 
 load. 
 
 unlock: 1. resero, i (to draw a 
 bolt <rr bar) : to u. a gate, januam r., 
 Ov F. 2,455. Virg. Plin. Fig.: the 
 breeze of Favoniu.s u.'d, reserala aura 
 Favoni, Lucr. i, 11: Cic. 2. recludo, 
 si, sum, ? ( to throw open what has been 
 closed) : Virg. : Ov. Fig.: to u. secrets, 
 operta r., Hor. Ep. I, 5. i6._ 
 
 unlooked for: insperatus, inex- 
 speciatus . v. unexpected. 
 
 unloose: eolvo, exsolvo, j: V. to 
 loosen. 
 
 unlovely : 1. inamabilis, e • 
 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 4J8 Ov. : Sen. 2. ina- 
 moenus (to the eye): Ov. : Slat. See 
 also disagreeable. 
 
 unluckily : _ 1, infelidter: Ter. : 
 Liv. 2. mala avi (poet.)- Hor. Od. 
 1, i;, 5 {with ill omen). 3. secus 
 (otherwise than could have been wished : 
 badly) : to turn out u., s. cedere, proced- 
 ere, Sail. 
 
 UnluckineSS : infelicitas (rare) : 
 Ter. oh, my u. ! (heu) me infelicem : 
 
 V. UNLUCKY. 
 
 unlucky : 1. infelix : V. unfor- 
 tunate. 2. infaustus . v. inauspi- 
 cious. 3. laevus (left-handed, unfa- 
 vourable, bad) : at an u. time, I. tempore, 
 Hor. S. 2, 4, 4 : Virg. (But al>o used in 
 good sense, with ref. lo sunrise ; as the 
 augurs looked South : Liv. : Virg.) 4. 
 sinister (which like laevus has two 
 senses) : ivith u. omens, s. avibus (aus- 
 piciis), Ov. H. 2, 115: Val. Max. Phr.: 
 an u. day, dies ater, Liv. 22, 10 : also, 
 dies nefastus (strictly, a day on which 
 legal business could not Uwfully be 
 dime ; also in gen. sense, unlucky) : 
 Hor. Od. 2, li, I : Suet. See also ill- 
 omened. 
 
 unmaidenly : * quod pueiiam (vir- 
 
 ginem) baud decet. 
 
 unmaimed : incolumis, integer : v 
 unhurt. 
 
 unmalleable : expr. by malleis 
 tenuari non posse, malleis non obsequi . 
 V. malleable. 
 
 unman : I. To deprive of the 
 organ of virility : 1, eviro, l,(rare) : 
 Cat. 61,17: Varr. in Non. 2. excldo, 
 ex>eco, castro: v. to castrate, geld. 
 Phr.: virilitatem alicui adimere, Tac. A. 
 6, J I (ademptae virilitatis homo). ||. 
 To weaken or paralyse with fear or 
 other emotion : 1, debililo, i : pain 
 threatens to u. us, (dolor) fortitudinem 
 se debilitaturum niinatur, Cic. Tusc. s, 
 2"}, 76: do not u. me by grief and fear, 
 nolite anlmum d. luctu (ac) metu, Cic 
 Plane, fin. : grief u.s me and j£ojw my 
 utterance, me dolor d., includitque vo- 
 cem., id. Mil., fin. 2. enervo, i (as it 
 were, to take away the sinens or rob 
 them of strength) : more precisely, ener- 
 vare vires, Hor. Epod. 8, 2 : Cic. Fig. : 
 the lute u.s the mind, e. animos citharae, 
 Ov. R. Am. TSJ. 3. percello, ciili, 
 culsum, J (to strike with a sudden 
 shock ; esp. of fear) : Cic. Verr. }, 57, 
 fin.: Val. Fl. 4. infringo, fregi, frac- 
 tum, } (to break, impair): Liv. }8, 16 
 (i. animos). 
 unmanageable: 1. tntractaMlis, 
 
 e (difficult to deal with) : (a man) of an 
 u. and surly disposition, natura intrac- 
 tabilior et morosior, Gell. 18, 7, init. : 
 Sen. : Virg. (who ha.s it = invincible). 
 
 2. asper, 6ra, grum {wHd, fierce) : 
 (a Imrsf) u. to the bridle, a. Irena pati, 
 Sil. : Col. 3. contumax (esp. of ani- 
 mas, stubborn) : Col. 6, 2, med. : an u. 
 syllable (in verse), c. syllaba. Mart 9, 
 12. 4. inhabills, e (of things ivithout 
 life; U7iwieldy): a ship of alnvist u. size, 
 navis i. prope magnltuilinis, Liv. 5?. Jo, 
 med. : V. UNWIELDY. 5. expr. by Ini- 
 patiens (not submitting to: witli gen.): 
 (a person) of u. temper, impatiens irae, 
 Liv. 5, J7 : u ship that has become u., 
 navis i. gubernaculi, Curt. 9, 4, med. : 
 an u. horse. *frenorutn i. equus. 6. 
 impotens (M»)</oreri'a62e : e>p. with ref. 
 to the passions)- v. ungovernable. 
 (N. B. — Impoti'iis regendi [K. and A.] 
 in Liv. J5, 11, refers to the rider, not 
 his steed; unable to manage a horse.) 
 
 7. by circunil., qui regi [iractari] 
 non potest: v. ro manage. 
 
 unmanageably; "ita "t [equus, 
 
 etc.], regi nequeat. 
 
 unmanlv; 1. mollis, e (so/i!, e^e- 
 minate) : u. plaints, m. quernlae, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 9, 17 Cic. Join [philosophus] 
 tam mollis, tam languidus, tam ener- 
 vatus, Cic de Or 1, ^1, fin. 2. noD 
 viro dignus Cic. Or. j6, ijo (ornatos). 
 
 See also hTFEMINATK. 
 
 unmannerlv: agrestis. tnurbanos: 
 v. KLDE. Also inhumanus, which how- 
 ever usu. expresses more than Eng.
 
 UN MANUFACTURED 
 
 UNNOTICED 
 
 UNPATKIOTIC 
 
 unmanufactured: radls, e: v. dn- 
 
 WKouonr. 
 
 unmarriaeeable : baud nubiiis, 
 
 haud muiura viro v. habbiaueable. 
 
 unmarried : caelcbs, libis (used of 
 botM sexai) : (ttie censors) are to prevent 
 people remainiruj u., coelil)es es»e pro- 
 liibeiito, Vet. I.eic In Clc. Leg. }, i, "j : 
 u.life. c. vita, Hor [rare constr.]: the 
 u. state, caelibalus, us : Sen. : buet. ; 
 u, woiiuni, virglnes; v. maiden. 
 
 unmask : |, L i t. .- Vhr.-. to u. 
 a jorrsoji, personam alicul detrahere. 
 Mart. J, 4?, 4; to u. oneself, personam 
 ponere (v, to lay aside) : in war, to u. 
 a battery,, fmU •tornienta aperire. ||, 
 Fig.: to r'-veiU any one's real c/ia- 
 ractn- : perh. nudare, detegere, apcrlre 
 (allciijus ini-nteiii, ingenlum, volunta- 
 tftm, consili.i, inore.s): v. to 1)I.s<;i.osb, 
 KEVEAL. Also, [fjuasi, tanquam] per- 
 Bouani detrahere: cf. sui>r. (1): the 
 example from Mart, being not e.xactly 
 lit. P li r. : now 1 hai>e yon perfectly u.'d. 
 Jam . . . aliquando evolutum illis intogu- 
 mentisdis.-iniul:ttionis luue nudatnmque 
 perspicio, Cic. de Or. 2. 86, init. (Kr.). 
 
 unmatched : ftnlcus, slngQlans : V. 
 
 UNPARAl.LKI.KD. 
 
 unmeaning: Phr. : u. words, 
 
 * voces quibus nulluB subest seiisus, 
 quae sensu carent also, niigae (v. non- 
 sense) ; or, voces absurdae, inanes, uiiga- 
 torlae ■ v. absurd, emity, etc. 
 
 unmeaningly : peib. absurds : v. 
 
 AB.SIIRULV, 
 
 unmeasurable : immensus: v. im- 
 
 MEASURAIil.E. 
 
 unmeet : v. uNFrr. 
 unmeetly : '• unfitly. 
 unmelodious : stridulus ; panim 
 cinorus: v. harsh, mi'i.odious. 
 unmerchantable : I' h r. : u. goods, 
 
 •merces iiequani, uuUius pretii, quales 
 nemo mercari velit. 
 
 unmerciful : 1. immisgricors, 
 rdis (without compassion) : rare : Cic. 
 Join: immisericors atque ine.xorabilis, 
 Gell. 2. inclemens, ntis (seivre) ■ most 
 u. (tyrant), inclementissimus, Miicr. S. S. 
 1, lo.fin. : Liv. 3. immilis, e (harsh, 
 cruel, inexorable) : the u. Achilles, i. 
 Achilles, VIrg. Aen. i, 29: u. slaughter 
 (indiscriminate), i. caedes, Liv. 4, 59: 
 Suet. 4. durus, ferreus: v. hard- 
 HEAKTEt". 5. ine.xorabllis, e: v. in- 
 exorable. 
 
 unmercifully : 1. immisf ricor- 
 
 dlter (rare): I'er. 2. inclenienler: 
 Liv.; Ter. 3. dure (harshly, sternly): 
 Caes. : Cic. (For sya., v. adj.) 
 
 unmercifulneSS : inclenientia : v. 
 SEVEBiTY. (Or expr. by adj. : v. unmer- 
 
 CIFUL.) 
 
 unmerited; immgrltus: Liv.: Ov. 
 
 unmindful : 1. immemor, 6ris (not 
 thinking of: with gen.): Cic. : Hor. 
 2. incuriosus (indifferenl U> : with 
 gen.) : u. o/fame, 1. famae, Tac. H. i, 
 49: Suet. 3. securiis: v. iieedlf.ss. 
 To be u., (1). negligo, exi, ectum, j : 
 foil, by ace. of direct obj, : to lie u. of 
 danger, periculum n., Cic. Fam. 14, 4 : 
 Caes. : rarely by ivf. : to be u. of com- 
 mitting a crime, n. fraudeni coniniittere, 
 Hor. Od. I, 28, }o. (2). desuni, irr. (to 
 be wanting in regard for : with dat.)t 
 dn not be u. of your mim interest, ne tibl 
 desis, Clc. R. Am. {6, 1^4 ; he would not 
 be u. of his duty to the state, se relp. 
 non defutnrum. Caes. B. C. init. 
 
 unmindfulness : incuria ; v. ne- 
 glect. 
 
 unmistakable : certlsstmus : v. 
 certain. Also diiliius, with negative: 
 cf. Virg. Aen. 2, i-ji, nee dubiis . . . . 
 monstris. I' h r. most u. omens, vel 
 argntisslnia exta. Cic. Div 2, li.fin. 
 
 unmistakably aj)ertc, perspicue, 
 certlssiniis indicils, etc. v. evidently. 
 
 See also TrNDf)UBTEDLY. 
 
 unmitigated : pprh- mSrus (lit. un- 
 diluted) : u. atrocities, m. scelera, Cic. 
 Att. 9, 12. extr.i so. lb. 9, n, extr., 
 merum l)elliim ; u. lies, *m. mendacia. 
 Phr.. thf liar tva.< being naged inth 
 u. cruelty cm both Sid's, "iitrinique bel- 
 Inm taiita quanta maxima potest esse 
 
 crudelitat>* gerebatur; *ab utrisquc hel- 
 ium atrociter gerebatur, nulla earuin 
 rerum qiias victorimi saeviiia (ertoniisnii. 
 unmixed : 1. niSrus (of u-ine) : 
 Varr. (iv. Ksp. as neat, subs, merum 
 (u. nini:): Virg. : Ov.: v. wine. 2. 
 slncerjs: v. genuine, itnadli.teratkd. 
 3. simplex (not compounded) : v. 
 
 SIMJM.K. 
 
 unmodified; immutatus: Cic. 
 
 unmoor: i'hr. : to u. a vessel, 
 navem solvere: v. to weigh (anilior). 
 
 unmoumed : '• i'nlamentrk. 
 
 unmoved : 1. immotus (both lit. 
 and tig.) : (the tree) remains u., imni'iia 
 maiiet, Virg (i.2, 19?: Ov. : so to denote 
 stedfastness of purpose, mens i. mauet, 
 id. Aen. 4, 449. (But not of mere/re<- 
 dom from emotion.) Jn same senses, 
 immobills ; v. immovable. 2. expr. 
 by verb: to be u. (by tears, etc.), non 
 moveri, conimoveri, ad misoricordiam 
 adduei ; nullis precibus flecti : v. to 
 HOVE (IL), PREVAIL uroN. Phr.: (to 
 behold anything) u., siccis oculis, Hor. 
 Od. I, }, 18: •sine lacrimig. 
 
 unmusical: stridulus (harsli, grat- 
 ing, squeaking ) : Ov. : Sen. Or by nega- 
 tive : hand (panim) canorus : v. jiisical. 
 
 unmutilated: integer: v. entire. 
 
 unmuzzle : perh. • fiscellam [de 
 canis ore] retigere: v. muzzle. 
 
 unnatural : I. out of the course 
 of nature: monstniosiis, m'mstrosus: 
 u. lusts, m. libidines. Suet. Cal. 16 (cha- 
 racterized by Cic. Tusc. j, j{, 95, more 
 delicately as, volupiaies quae ne na- 
 tnrani quideni attingtint) : v. monstrous. 
 Or expr. by phr. : what is u., qiioii contra 
 
 [praeter] naturam est; quod naturae 
 legibusj repugnat : u. phenomena, pro- 
 digia, porteiita: V. FRODIGY. ||, IVai't- 
 ing in natural affection : near<>st word, 
 impius : u. spouses, impiae [sponsae], 
 Hor. Od. J, II, ji (of the fiiinaidis who 
 slew their husbands): cf. (.iniiit. 8,6, }0, 
 impium dixerunt pro parricida : the 
 sup. occurs Mart. Dip. 28. 5, 48. implis- 
 simus filius \\\, Affected: affecifitiis, 
 cfiactus, ascitus (rare), arces-situs : v. 
 affected, forced, far-fetched. 
 
 unnaturally : conira or praeter na- 
 turam (v. contrary to) ; non conve- 
 nienter naturae (v. naturally) ; ita nt 
 natura repiignet (v. unnatural). 
 
 unnavigable : innavlgaWlis : Liv. 
 Or by phr., navium haud capax s. pa- 
 
 tiens: V. NAVIGABLE. 
 
 unnecessarily : P h r. : w. large, 
 
 major quam opus est, quam neces.se est 
 (v. NECES9AI1Y): Sometimes the compar. 
 alone may suffice : to be u. long in tell- 
 ing a stori/, aliquid longiiis circum- 
 ducere, Quint. 10, 2, 17: as thei/ tarried 
 u. long mi the way, *qunm diiitius in 
 itinere morarenlur. Also nimis will 
 often serve : v. too. 
 
 unnecessary: 1. non (baud, mi- 
 nime'i neces.-iiirius : Cic. Tusc. ;, ??. 9!. 
 2. supervaeaneus : v. superfluol s. 
 Phr.: u. pleasures, voluptates quae 
 necessitateni non attlngunt, Clc. 1. c. : 
 vhat lias quite 11. fur i/ou to do, id qur>d 
 tibi necesse mininie fuit, Clc. Siill. 7, 22 : 
 so, to deem anything u.. aliquid non 
 necesse habere (e. g. scribere), id. .Vtt. 
 16, 2 : i'( is n.for any name to be men- 
 tioned, nihil attinet quenquam nonii- 
 nari, id. Leg. 2, i";, 42 ; also, non opus 
 
 est (v. NECKJiSABY). 
 
 unnerve: le. to deprive of self- 
 possession and power of action : nearest 
 wont 1. fraiigo, fregi, fractum. ? : 
 
 esp. \n pass. : to be u.d In/ pain, dolore 
 frangi, Cic Fin. 2, 29. extr.: u.d by fear, 
 fractus [et debllitiitusl metu, id. deOr. 
 I, 26, 121. 2. del'ilito. I (todeprii-e 
 of all strength, completely to unman): 
 (jic. 1. c. .loin: afflictuii. debilitatns, 
 maerens, lb. 2, 4';. 19;. (Knervo signifies 
 to deprive of vigour permavevtly . to 
 \oealcen, render elTrmitiate : so, nervos 
 elldere, e.g. virtutis, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 
 
 27-) 
 
 unnoticed : P h r r. : (i.> fo escape 
 «.,(n. fallii, fefelli.falsum. ?(esp. poet.), 
 cf. Hor. Od. 1 . 10. 16, Thessalos ignes .... 
 fefelllt (passed u. through them): so 
 
 alubl. id. Kp. I, 17, 10, qui nntna me* 
 rlensque fefellit (haj lifd and died u.: 
 cf. .Sail. C.it. I, viuiiii fiilrntio iransire) : 
 nothing etcapeil tiirm a., nee qiiicquun 
 eos rallei>at, Liv. 41, 2, tmt. (2). lilett, 
 2 : the crime i/Oiiet u. among to many 
 <can(l<i/t, lOlus laiet ini^-r iii\ fl.igitia, 
 Cic. 11. Am. 40, 118: with direct ace. 
 (esp. poet.)- f/(^ wiles of Juno vera 
 not u. of her brother, nee Uiuere doll 
 fratrem Junonis, Vliy. Aen. 1, 1 10 : Ov. : 
 Just. (ii.) to post try u., praelfreo, 
 praetemiltto: v. to pajb ovkr (lil.), 
 (iii.) u. by : clam, with aic. or ohL : v. 
 KNOWLKt*iR (III.), [.\.B.— AlhO to be 
 unnoticed may be e.xpressed by most 
 of the verbs under Tu notice cf. also 
 NOTICt, sobs.~^ 
 
 unnumbered: innftmsnui: v. imro. 
 
 MERAIII.K. 
 
 unobjectionable: *cul nihil objid 
 (exprobrari) poU-sl . sec also hakmlek, 
 
 BLAMKLE.>iS. 
 
 tmobserved : v. itn noticed. 
 
 unobserving : idcuiI0>u8, panun 
 curioMis : v. imiki-din>:, cabi- Lras. 
 
 unobstructed : of ground. &pertiu, 
 expediius. piirus, etc.: v. opi^n (II.). 
 
 unoccupied: I. Having no on-* 
 
 ploymfiiC : 1. oliobU8(AaeiTi;; nothing 
 to do) : when I was u, at homr. quum 
 essem o. donii, Cic Br. }, »»iU. : not eeen 
 leisure u., ne otiimi qnidem otlo«um. Id. 
 Plane. 27, 66. So, u. money, o. |>ecuniae, 
 Plin. Ep. 10, 6t (54). 2. vicuus: 
 since we are u. (at leisure), I nill speak. 
 quoiiiam v. sumus, dicam, Clc. l>eg. 1. 4. 
 ij: Hor. (More fully, vacuus operuro 
 [poet, constr. =operibusi Hor. S. 2. 2. 
 119.) Join: [aniniusj v. et soluluk. 
 Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 9, 26: 10 to be u.. 
 vacare : opp. occupaium esse, Clc. Fam. 
 12, >o: Hor. 3. .-^liitus operuui 
 (poet.): Hor. Od. j, 17, 16. See al*i 
 IDLE. To be u., cessare: Join: nihil 
 agere et cessare, Cic. N. U. j, )9. fm. . 
 also sometimes sedere : v to srr (A.. 
 111.). II. Of land, not built upon: 
 apertus. piinis: v. open (II.). 
 
 unoffending (<>4?) •■ immdritus: the 
 II. wall (aliased by the unsuccessful 
 poet), i. paries, Hor. S. 2. j, 7 : 80, i. 
 vestis, id. Od. 1, 17, 28: Virg. So, im- 
 merens: Hor Od. 2, ij, 11. See al«i 
 
 HARMLESS, lNi:oCENT. 
 
 unopened: Phr.: to return a Ut- 
 ter u., litteras non reslgimtos redderf. 
 remittere : v. to open. 
 
 unorthodox : reclae doctrinae dl»- 
 
 crepans v. iutkiioihjx. 
 
 unostentatious : baud ambltiosu^ 
 nulla osteiit.aiune .«. anibitiune : v. os- 
 
 TENT.A,T1uL>. 
 
 unostentatiously : nulla ostenia- 
 tione: v. i»tkmation. 
 
 unpack : P h r. : to u. a chest, •quae 
 cistae iiisunt exiniere ; cislam vacuaoi 
 facere. i'ee also to inujad. 
 
 unpaid : i' h r. u. soldiers, •mllitr* 
 quibus stlpendiuni debitur (v. pat, to 
 pay) u. services, '(ipera quae gratuiio 
 confertur( v. gratuitous) : an u. Utter 
 •epistola cnjus pro vectura mercea Don 
 est soliita. 
 
 unpalatable : insuSvis. e Plin. 24. 
 
 16, 97 (h'Tli.i lilHi iHiii iusuavis) : see 
 
 also UNI-I.KASANr, NAL>Kors, IS.-IPID. 
 
 unparalleled: 1. unUug (uwd 
 
 both oftbiiig>.o'«Ki and [le»i fn-q.j fcoJ); 
 u. lilierality. 11. lll)erallLas,Cic. yuint. 12. 
 41 : u. tvickeilnas, u. neqiilUa, AucL 
 Her. }, 6, II : Veil. 2. slngfllSris. e ■ 
 Join; increilibills et prope singuUii^ 
 et divinus, Ciole Or. I,j8: s. e.xiniiaque 
 [virtusj, id. Man. i.fn. 3. e.vlinius. 
 
 Sgrt'^giUS. V. KXTRAORDIKABV, KKHAKK- 
 AHLE. 
 
 unpardonable : coi Ignosci non 
 
 jx>test ; riijus nulla venia ft ; quod 
 extra venjani et.t : v. pardon, to Par- 
 Don. (liiex|iialiilis, not to ite atoned for.) 
 
 unpardonablv : cf- y<r<vd. an. 
 unnarliamentarv : •quod contra 
 
 parlanuiili aMisiuiiidiiirm legosveest 
 
 unpatriotic; Phr to ente' tain u. 
 sentime'ils. male dc republic* sent ire (cf. 
 patriotic); minte alienaia a repuMica 
 esse, cf. SalL Cat. ff. in (erga) patriaa 
 
 yOI
 
 TTNPATRIOTICALIir 
 
 UNPROFITABLE 
 
 UNRAVEL 
 
 (remp.) male aainiatuni esse : cf. Suet. 
 Vit. "J (male a. erga priiicipem exer- 
 dtus); V. disaffix;tf.d, ireasonaelk. 
 
 unpatrioticaliy : *aiiimo a repub- 
 lica alienate : cf. preci-d. art. 
 
 Unpaved : (*''i) **xo non strata : V. 
 TO PAVE. Or perh. (via) Immunita : 
 Clc. Caec. 19, 54 (but tbe phr. is differ- 
 ently understood). 
 
 unpeopled: v. uninhabitrd. 
 unperceived : v. unkoticed. 
 unperformed : infectus ; v. in- 
 
 COMl'LKTE, IMPERFECT. 
 
 unpMlpSOPhical : *quod rationi 
 (philosophiae) non coiivenit, repugnat; 
 a recta ratione al'horret, alienum est : 
 that is venj a., *id philosopbum niinime 
 decet, omnino dedf-cet. 
 
 unpitied : inimis6iabilis, e (rare and 
 poet.) : Hor. Od. j, 5, i") in sim. sense, 
 JlUcrimabilis, ib. 4, 9. 26. (In prose 
 expr. by circunil. : they perished u. l/y 
 their fellow-countrymen, *nulla miseri- 
 cordia civium su'jrum periere ; civibus 
 BUis nihil miserantibus [nilseritis] per- 
 iere, or, quuni cives sui nihil eos misera- 
 rentur) v. foil. art. 
 
 unpitying (ad;.) : immisgricors, In- 
 e.xorabilis (as permanent feature of cha- 
 racter) • V. UNMERCIFDL Still more pre- 
 cisely, nil niiserans, Hor. Ud. 2, j, 24. 
 Also dunis, ferreus, inliiiiiuuuis, saevus 
 (cf. Tac. Agr. 45, saevus ille vultus), 
 may often serve . v. hard-heabted, 
 
 CRUEL. 
 
 unpityingly ; nulla misericordia 
 motu?: cf. preced. aitt. 
 
 unpleasant: 1. injucundus; a 
 labour by tm means u., minime i. labor, 
 Cic. Fin. 1,1,;: an u. smell, i. odor, 
 Plin. 2. insuavis, e : irhat more u. 
 
 than baivling f quid insuavius clamore ? 
 Aurt, Her. 5, 12, 22 : of persons (= un- 
 amiable), Hor. S. i, j, 85: Clc. 3. 'u- 
 commodus ; to put up iHth an u. affair, 
 1. rem pati, Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 27 : vnthout 
 an u. xvord, ne voce quidem i., Liv. j, 
 14 : some u. feeling, nescio quid i. opl- 
 nlonls, Cic. Att. i, 17, init. 4. i"- 
 gratus (unacceptable; with ref. to the 
 feelings) : Caes. : Hor. Od. }, 10, 9 (iu- 
 gratam Veneri pone superbiam). 5. 
 niolestus, odiosus : v. troublesome, dis- 
 agreeable. Phr.: to have a very u. 
 voyage, incommodissime navigare, Cic. 
 Att. 5, 9. 
 
 unpleasantly : 1. injucunde : 
 Cic. 2. OiliOse {offensively) : Cic. 
 
 3, incommSde (inconveniently, un- 
 seasonably) : Cic: cf. preced. art., yhi. 
 
 unpleasantness : 1. incommc- 
 
 ditiis: as the Eng., used with ref. to 
 iU-feeUiig. i. alit-nati animi, Cic. Att. i, 
 17, med. 2. mdlestia (trouble, annoy- 
 ivnce) ; to do away tvith an u. (of feel- 
 ing), m. levare, Cic. I. c. : the pi. may 
 be used to give a general and abstract 
 sense : such is the u. of being a candidate, 
 *tantae sunt candidatorum niolestiae : 
 cf. Nagels. Stil. p. 4J. 
 
 unpleasing («iy ) •' ingratus : this 
 speech was not u. to the Gauls, fuit haec 
 oratio non 1. Gallis, Caes. B. G. 7, }o : 
 Hor. 
 
 unpliant : ^'- isflkxible. 
 
 unploughed (part, and adj.) : 1. 
 Iniratus (poeL) : Hor. Ejxul. 16, 45 
 Virg. 2. riidis, e (that has not been 
 planted): Col. j, 11. init.: Varr. 
 
 unpoetical : invenustus (v. inele- 
 gant) ; * a ratione poetica abhorretis, 
 alienus. 
 
 unpolished : 1, impoiuus (both 
 
 lit. and fig.) : u. stones, lapiiles i., yuint. 
 8, 6, 6 J an u. kind of genius, forma 
 ingenii i. [et plane rudis], Cic. Br. 8;, 
 294- 2. riidis v. nuuE (1 ). 3. 
 inconditus v. st7ains, i. carminei, Liv 
 4, 20 Cic: v. RUDE (I.). See also 
 
 BOORISH, CLOWNISH. 
 
 unpolluted: 1, Intemeratus u. 
 faith, i. fides, Virg. Aen. 2, 14J to keep 
 l>odies u., oirpf)ra i. retinere, Tac. A. 12, 
 54. 2. impoUutus Tac . Sail. 3. in- 
 teger, gra, grum (ML untouclied , hence, 
 wtltout stain): opp. contaminatus, Cic. 
 Top. 18, 69: u. fountains, i. fontes, 
 Hor, Od. I, 26, 6. So intactus : u. i'ailas, 
 901 
 
 1. Hallas, Hor. Od. I, 7, 5. 4. esp. in 
 moral sense, sanctus: v. pure, irre- 
 proachable, SPOTLESS. 
 
 unpopular: I. ^'ot acceptable to 
 the j^ople : 1, invidiosus (exposed to 
 odium and Ul-fei-l ng ; the object of 
 such) : u. n~ith nspn table citizens, i. 
 apud bonos, Cic. Att 2, 19, ? : also 
 loll, by ad, in, id. Join: invidiosus 
 aut multis offensus, Cic. Clu. 58, init. : 
 so, miser atque invidiosus offensusque, 
 id. Verr. ;, 62, 145. 2. offensus : 
 
 so universallii u., tarn peraeque om- 
 nibus generibus. ordinibus, aetatibus 
 o., Clc. Att. 2, 19, I ; esp. with invi- 
 diosus: V. supr. (cf. also ukpoi-ulari- 
 TY). 3. invisus (dete.<!ted) : more 
 
 despised every day and more u.. con- 
 temptior in dies et invisicjr. Suet. Tib. 
 I ; Quint. 4. populo [plebi, niulti- 
 tudinij ingratus, injucundus: cf Cae.-<. 
 B. G. 7, JO (fuit haec oratio non ingrata 
 Gallis); and Cic. y. Fr. j, 8 (rumor 
 Dictatoris iiyucundus bonis) : v. un- 
 pleasing. 5. expr. by invidia, of- 
 fnnsio, ddium, with a verb : to tie in any 
 degree u., in ulla invidia esse, Cic. .4tt. 
 2, 9: to be somevhat u., nonnullam i. 
 habere, id. de Or. 2, 70, 28? : to become 
 «., invidia onerari. Suet. 0th. 6 ; apud 
 populum invidiam atque offensionem 
 suscipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5;, IJ7: so, in 
 odium off.que incurrere, cadere, id. : to 
 be so universally u., tanto in odio esse 
 omnibus, id. Att. 2, 21, I. Phr.: that 
 step is apt to be u., ea res solet populi 
 voluntatem offendere, Cic. 1. c. } 5. ||. 
 Ill-adapted for general acceptance : 
 expr. by negative with exprr. under 
 popular (IV.). 
 
 unpopularity: 1. invidia: to 
 
 bring upon oneself u., i. suscipere, Cic. 
 (cf. preced. art., I. 5): to keep one's u., 
 i. retinere, id. Att. 2, 19, j : to dimin- 
 ish a person's u., alicujus i. lenire, Sail. 
 Cat. 22. fin. 2. offeiisio, Odium 
 
 (hominum) : v. preced. art. (I. 5). 3. 
 aliena et offensa populi voluntas : Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, J7, 106. 
 unpopularly : Pb r. : to act «., id 
 
 facere quod populi voluntatem offendat : 
 
 V. UNI"OPCLAR. 
 
 unpractised: rudis, inexpenus: v. 
 
 RAW, INEXPERIENCED. 
 
 unpraised : illaudatus : Plin. Ep. 9, 
 26, 4: in Virg. G. }, 5 —odious, detest- 
 able. 
 
 unprecedented : nSvus, inauditus : 
 
 V. NOVEL, UNHEARD OF. See also EX- 
 TRAORDINARY. 
 
 unprejudiced : candidus : an u. 
 judge, c. jmlex, Hor. Ep. i, 4, i. Phr.: 
 to be quite u., *nullam praejudicatam 
 opiuionem secum aflferre ; praejudicatis 
 opinionibus omnino liberum esse. 
 
 unpremeditated: siiMtus: v. ex- 
 temporary. (Or expr. by meditatus, 
 cogitatus, with a negative : v. premedi- 
 tated.) 
 
 unprepared : imparatus : both ab- 
 sol. and foil, by a, ab, of the thing wiih 
 ref. to which a person Is unprepared : 
 e. g. imparatus a mllitibus, a pecimia : 
 Cic. Att. 7, i;. 
 
 unprepossessed ; v. unprejudtced. 
 
 unprepossessing : perh. injQcun- 
 dus, odiosus : v. unpleasant, offen- 
 sive. Phr.: an u. appearance, aspec- 
 tus deformis [atque turpis], Cic. Off. i, 
 !5, 126 (rather stronger th:in Eng.): 
 *aspectus parum ad conciliandam homi- 
 num benevolentiam aptus, accommo- 
 datus. 
 
 unpretending : minime ambitiosus: 
 V, pretentious, ostentatious. An u. 
 monument, *monumentuni omni osten- 
 tatione vacuum. 
 
 unprincinled : mails s. corruptis 
 moribus: Sail. Oat. J7, ad fn. Some- 
 limes impr6bus, nequam, injustus, may 
 be precise enough : v. unjust, wicked. 
 
 unproductive: infecundus, infruc- 
 tuosus: V. unfruitful. 
 
 unprofitable : expr. by nullum 
 fructum (or pi.) afferre ; nil prodesse : 
 V. PROFrr, profitable. Also iniitllis 
 may serve : v. useless. (Infrucluosus, 
 late.) 
 
 unprofitablr: nullis fructibus: r. 
 profit. 
 
 unpromising: nulla spe praeditug; 
 qui nihil spei dat: v promising. 
 
 unpronounceable : inefl ai<ni8, e : 
 Plii.. 28, 2, 4 (i. uomina). Or by clr- 
 cuml. *( nomen) quod enuntiari non 
 potest; quod frustra enuntiare coneria. 
 
 unpropitious : 1. iniqims (im- 
 tonard, malign) : u. gods, i. coelestes, 
 Ov. Her. 8, 87 : u. fates, i. fata, Virg. 
 Aen. 10, j8o. 2. iratus (angry, of- 
 fended) : born undei u. gods, dis L 
 natus, Phaedr. 4, 19, i;. Hor. 3 
 ndversus (unfavourable) : very u. axtr- 
 pices, adversissima auspicia. Suet. Oth. 
 8: a year u. to the crops, annus fru- 
 gibus a., Liv. 4, 12: v. UNFAvonitABLK. 
 4. infaustus (esp. of omens) : v. is- 
 
 AUSPICIOUS. 
 
 unpropitiously: infaustis aospi- 
 ciis, etc : V. inauspiciously. 
 
 unprotected: indefensus: Join: 
 [urbsj deserta indefensaque, Liv. 25, 15. 
 Also, solus ; nullis detensoribus. 
 
 unproved : * quod non probatum 
 est; nullis argumeiitis confimiatum. 
 
 unprovided : imparatus (ab aliqua 
 re): v. unpkepared. See also to pro- 
 vide, PROVIDE for. 
 
 unprovoked : illacessltus (not at- 
 tacked) : Tac. Ger. }6. Usu. better expr. 
 by ultro: to make war u., bellum, ultro 
 [nee ulla injuria accepta] inferre; ultro 
 aliquem hello lacessere, Liv. ;i, 18. 
 
 unpruned: imputatus: Hor. Epod. 
 16.44- 
 
 unpublished : *(liber) qui nor (non- 
 dum) e.\iit ; nondum editus ; ineditus 
 [Ov. Pont. 4, 16, J9, in diff. senat;, not 
 made knouiiy 
 
 unpunctual : *temporibu8 suis par- 
 um dispositus, circa tempora rerum 
 gerendarum negligentior. 
 
 unpunished: impunitus: Join: 
 [injuria] iuulta impunitaque, Clc. Verr. 
 5, 58, 149; i. atque libera, id. Cat. i, 7, 
 18. Compar. impunitior : Hor.: Liv. 
 See also unavenged. (A form im- 
 punis, e, also occurs : Apul. : Solin.J 
 Phr.: to escape (get off) u., aliquid 
 [sceleris] impune ferre, Cic Fam. ij, 
 77 : to alloivacrime to remain u., male- 
 ficiuni impune habere, Tac. A. j, 70 (the 
 adv. impunite also occurs but is rare: 
 Cic.) : to lay doum arms u., sine 
 fraude discedere ab armis, S. C. in Sail. 
 Cat. j6. 
 
 unpurified : perh. crudus, rUdis (in 
 its natural state) : v. raw (ill.). 
 
 unqualified : I. ^'"t possessing 
 pioprr qualifications : baud idoneus, 
 aptus, habilis, etc. : v. qualiiied. ||, 
 .\ot limited in any uuy : Phr.: to 
 praise any one in the most u. manner, 
 perh. *cumulatissime laudare ; cuniula- 
 tissimis laudibus aliquem onerare : to 
 speak in too u. a manner, *nimi8 sim- 
 pliciter absoluteque rem ponere (for this 
 use of absolute, cf. Scaev. Dig. jj, i, ij, 
 Kespondi non posse absolute responderi, 
 i. e. not \citliout qualifications). |||, 
 Without legal authorization : * nulUs 
 litteris; nullo diplomate instructus. 
 
 unquenchable: inexsUnctus: Ov. 
 F. 6, 297 (ignis). See also insatiable. 
 
 unquestionable : * certus, certissi- 
 mus; de quo dubitari non potest. 
 
 unquestionably : facile : u. the 
 
 foremost man, facile princeps, Cic. Clu, 
 5, II : so, {. praecipuus, (juint. 10, 1, 63: 
 and with verbs: (TTiutydides) is U, 
 superior to all..., omnes facile vicit, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, li, 56. See also undoubt* 
 
 EDLY, certainly. 
 
 unquestioned : certus, certisslmus; 
 a nullo in dubium vocatus, adductus: 
 V. certain, and to question (U.). 
 
 unquestioning: Pbr.: u. confi- 
 dence, *fides (fiducia) omni dubitatione 
 vacua, libera. 
 
 unquiet: inquietus, sollicitns, etc.' 
 
 V. RE.ST1.ESS. 
 
 unquietlr : Inquietg : V. restlesslt. 
 unransomed : non redemptus : T. 
 
 TO KANS<JM. 
 
 unravel : |. L i t. : rgtexo, ui 
 xtum, } (to undo what has been vjooen):
 
 UNREAD 
 
 UNROLL 
 
 DNSATISFIED 
 
 Oc. Acad. 2, l<),fm. (Henelope teUm 
 retexens.) ||. In fig. sense, toeaptum 
 a7td track out irhat is intricate : 1. 
 evoho, volvi, vOlulum, } : to u. (clear 
 up) 'I con/used tiotUm, aiiiuii cuniplica- 
 tani notiiiiiem e., Cic. Off. }, 19, l6 : to u. 
 thi end (of a mysterious crime), exituni 
 e., M. Coel. zj, 56. 2. expllco, i : v. 
 
 TO KXPLAIN. 3. SnSdo, I (lit. to free 
 from knots and tangle) : to u. the intri- 
 cacies 0/ the law, laqueos Juris e.. Hell. 
 U, 10: Cic. N. IJ. 2, 24, 62 (nomina e., 
 to explain them). 
 
 unread: illectus (rare)r Ov. A. A. 
 I, 469 (scriptum i. reniiitcre). In prose, 
 perh. better, non lectus: or by verb, 
 epistolara remittere nee earn legere. 
 
 unready: imparatiis(»io(p)«/)ar«<i): 
 in more gen. sense, tardus, leutus, socors, 
 igtiavns: v. su)W, sluggish. 
 
 unreasonable: 1. in strict sense .- 
 expr. by contra (rectani) rallonem esse; 
 (rectae) ratiuiii repugnare, ncjn conven- 
 Ire: v. cxjntraby to, opposed. Also 
 Bomeliraes absunlus : v. abs€BO. 2, 
 of persons who expect too much : inlquus 
 (unfair) : am I u in my exjiecta- 
 tionsf num liiiquum (iniqua) po^tulo? 
 Ter. Ph. l, }, 64 sn, of unreasonable 
 and captious critics : id. Hec. prol. alt. 
 46. 
 
 unreasonably : absurde (v. absurd- 
 ly) ; pui-um (rectae) ratloni corive- 
 nienter (v. keas()Nabi,y); luique (v. 
 cnfairly): cI. p need. art. 
 
 unreasoning ("J; ) •■ rationis expers 
 (v. iRRATiiiNAL); and where the ref. is 
 to thoughtlestness, ineonsidfirams, t^iner- 
 arius, eonsilii expera (Hor. Od. ?, 4, 65, 
 vis eonsili expers, u. force) : v. thought- 
 less, re<;kless. 
 
 unrebuked: incastigatus r Hor. Ep. 
 I, 10, 4?. (J rreprehensus, Inculpatus = 
 blameless.) 
 
 unreclaimable : *quera nequid- 
 
 quain conigere oineris; qui ad bonos 
 mores revucari recusal, non potest. 
 unreoompeased : gratuito : v. gra- 
 
 TOITOUSLV. 
 
 unreconciled : "■ to reconcile. 
 unrecovered : v. to ri:iovei£. 
 unredressed : ^ b r. : to leave the 
 
 grievances of the people «., * querelas 
 populi negligere ; injnrias jxipuli non 
 levatas relinquere; uuUam uijuriia nie- 
 delam adbilx-re. 
 unrefined: |. Lit: rudls, crsd- 
 
 U3 . V. RAW (III.). W.J^'f manners : 
 lmp61iius, agrestis, inurbanus, incultus : 
 in style harsh, u. and rude, oratione 
 durus, incultus, liorridus, Cic. Br. }i, 
 117: gesture not u., gestus non inur- 
 banus, Quint. 6, J, 26: an u. style of 
 jesting, illiberale genus Joeandi, Cic. Off. 
 
 I, 29, 104: V. UNPOLISHED, RUDE, KKJRISH, 
 
 (Inhumanus is too strong ; though 
 humanitatis expers may sometimes 
 serve: v. refined, refinement). 
 
 unreformed: of persons, 'moribus 
 non eorrectis s. emendatls : as epitti. of 
 the eccles. body, '(ecclesia) non refor- 
 mata. 
 
 unregarded : negleetus : v. un- 
 heeded, unnoticed. 
 
 unregenerate ; * »on rggSnSratus : 
 
 V. REGENKRAIK. 
 
 unregistered : in tabulas, album 
 non relatus : v. register. 
 
 unrelenting: 1. atrox (dark, 
 stem, inflexible) : the u. soul of Calo, a. 
 animus Catonis, llor. Od. 2, i, 24 : u. in 
 hatred, odio atrox, Tac. A. 14, 61 ; Ov. 
 2. immitis, e (savage, unmerciful : 
 chiefly p'jet.) : theu. ./»c/ii(/««,i. Achilles, 
 Virg. Aeii. I, ?o : Ov. : Liv. 3. sae- 
 Tus : v. cRnEL(cf. Virg. Aen. I, 25,saevi 
 dolores). 4. inexorabllis. e : v. in- 
 exorable. 6. sometimes pertlnax : 
 ef. Hor. Od. ?, 29, 50 (Kortuna ludum 
 Insolentem ludere p.). 6. implaca- 
 
 tus, implacabilis : v. implacable. The 
 u. anger of cruel Juno, sacvae memorem 
 Junonis [ob] Irani, Virg. Aen. i, 4. 
 
 unrelentingly : alroeiter ; saevo 
 
 (atroei) aniino : i<nplacabili (implacato) 
 
 nimo: v. pnced. art. 
 
 unremarked : f- unnoticed. 
 
 unremedied: 
 
 IncQratus. cf. Hor. 
 
 Ep. I, 16, 24. (Or expr. by phr. : nullft 
 adhibitA medeU ; omnI curft expers.) 
 unremitting : aftiduus : v. inces- 
 
 SANr. .Sli- ;il>ii I.N RELENTING. 
 
 unremittingly : assidue : v. isces- 
 
 SANTLV. 
 
 unrepealed : non abrogata (lex) : 
 
 V. TO ICKPEAL. 
 
 unrepentant : v. iMPENrrENT. 
 
 unrepented : v. to repent. 
 
 unrepining : sine querela, nil quer- 
 ens: v. complaint, TO a)>iHLAiN. 
 
 unrequited : Inultus (unavenged) ; 
 graluitus (gratuitous) ; nulla niereede 
 accepta. Cic. 
 
 unreproved: incasligatus: Hor. 
 
 unreserved : liber, Spertos, sim- 
 plex : v. FRANK, OPEN. 
 
 unreservedly: I. without reti- 
 cence: ai>ertc, simpllciter : v. frankly 
 Or by circuinl., 'positls omnibus dis.~i- 
 mulaiionis integumentis ; omni dissi- 
 nnilatione posiia (sublata): to declare 
 one's sentiments u., patefacere se tutum 
 alieui (R and A.). ||. Without re>er. 
 vation : * nulla re exeepta ; absolute 
 
 (v. UNyUAIJFIED). 
 
 unresolved : v. irresolutf. 
 unrest : inquies, iuquieiiido, agita- 
 
 tlO: v. RhiTLh^SSNESS. 
 
 unresting : inquietus ; non cessans : 
 
 v. Kl-STI.KSS. 
 
 unrestrained: 1. cffrcnatus 
 
 (unt/riiiled) : u. insdlmce, e. insolenlia, 
 Cic. i;ep. 1,42: u. freedom., e. libertas, 
 Liv. }4, 49. Join: [libido] effrenata et 
 indomita, Cic. Clii. 6, init.; [ciipiditasj 
 e. et furiosa, id Cai. i, 10, init. 2. 
 indOmitus (ungovernable) .- Cic. : v. 
 supr. 3. impfiiens (having no self- 
 control) : V. UNGOVERNABLE. 4. 
 effusus (oftAat rchich has fi ee vent given 
 to it, extravagant): u. ^ic«IS^ e. liien- 
 tia. Liv. 44, I, m^.: cf. effusa laeiiiia. 
 Id. };, 41, fm. So, toith u demonstra- 
 tiinis of joy, etc., effu-^e, effusissime : cf. 
 Suet. Ner. 22 (e. aliquein excipere): 
 Cic. See also extravagant, excessive. 
 
 unrestricted : litxT •■ "■ ^i^e. 
 
 unrevealed : v. to reveal. 
 
 Unrevenged: Innltns: Cic. ; Liv. 
 
 unrewarded : inhonoratus: Liv. 17, 
 54, ad init. (whore the renard is viewed 
 as a mark of honour). Or by circuml., 
 niillo iretio" affectus, sinepremio s. mer- 
 eede : v. reward. 
 
 unrig : Phr.-. to u. a ship, aavem 
 exarmare, .Sen. ; navem armamentis 
 spoliare, l,iv. (e. Kr.). 
 
 unrighteous : 1. injnstus : a man 
 of a vicious and u. disposition, vir ni;i- 
 Icfieus natura et i., Cic. I'usc. 5, .'O, 57. 
 2. iniquus: v. UNJUST. 3. nS- 
 fastus: Hor. Od. i. J5, }? v. wicked. 
 4. impius : v. UNDUTIFUU _ 6. 
 sceifirosus: V. SINFUL. 6. injuriosus: 
 
 V. WUONGFUL. 
 
 unrighteously: 1. injustg: Cic. : 
 
 PI.: superl.: Sail. 2. Inique : Cic: 
 
 Liv. 3. impie: Cic: SueL : Quint. 
 4. injuriose : Cic. 
 
 unrighteousness : impietas : v. 
 
 IMl'IKTV. 
 
 UnriD : discindo, soldi, scissum, } : 
 friendships should not be unripped but 
 unstitched, aniicltlae dissuendae non 
 diseindendae, Cic. Am. 21, 76. 
 
 unripe: 1. crudus: u. apples, 
 
 ponia c, Cic. de Sen. 19/". : Col. 2. 
 immaturus (of fruit, etc., t^n^ fig): «. 
 pears, i. pira, Cels. 2, Jo : u. maids, i. 
 puellae. Suet. Tib. 61. 3. immitis. e 
 (sour): u. grapes. 1. uva, Hor. Od. 2, ;, 
 10. 4 ucerbus: u. peais, a. pira, 
 Varr. K. K. 1, 44. Ualf-u.; succrudus : 
 Cels. 6. I J. 
 
 unripeness ; immaturltas : fig. Suet 
 Aug. !4- 
 
 unrivalled: praestantis-slmus: Lie.: 
 Incomparubills . I'lin. : Quint.- or phr.: 
 cui nil vigei simile aut secundum, Hor. 
 Od. I, 12, 18: V. peerlk.'**. 
 
 unroasted: crudus (rair): u. flesh, 
 c. caro. .--^uet, Ner. fi. "r expr. by cir- 
 cuml. with torreo, frigo. 
 
 unroll ' 1. 6volvo, volvi, Tfllu- 
 tuni, } (esp. of MSS.): Cic. Tuso. i. 11, 
 24. 2 expllco, ivi, atum (post-Aug. 
 
 ui, Itnm), I : to u. a volume, t. Tolomeii 
 id. Ho!-c. .\m. i5, 101. 
 
 unroof : 1. det*go, xi, ctum, i 
 he u.i a siirine, aedein d., Liv. 42, J. 
 
 2. nudo tectum (with yen.) : ib. 
 
 3, demo t£gulab ((o remoi^ the 
 tiles) : Cic. Verr. }, 50, 1 19. 4. 'uiiilo 
 tSgtilis. t»-cio (wlihcux.); Georg. 5. 
 •dGuioliur t»-ctuiu(wilhytn.): Id. Ph r. ; 
 The utiid has u.'d the villa, villae d<~ 
 turbavlt tectum ac u-gulax, PI. Hud. 
 prol. 78 : the ttorm u.'d tome tf the 
 trmjAes (i. e. earned auay the pedi- 
 ments), fastigia aliquot templorum • 
 ciilmiijilnis abrupit, Liv. 40, 2. 
 
 unruffled : 1. immOiua : v. xm- 
 UUVKD. 2. tranquillus' v. calm. 
 3. at-quiis (e^p. In superl. wilb 
 animus) : v ith u. temper, arqul!«imu 
 animo, .Suet Aug. ;6. Phr.: Uie u. tea, 
 stratum aiquor, Virg. Lcl. II, 57; p>- 
 catum mure, Hor. Ud. 4, ;, 19 : an u. 
 brow, expr. by fruniem remiliere, cf. 
 I'lin. t;p. 2, 5 ; f . exporrigere, cl. Ter. 
 And. 5, }, 5 I ; r. explicare. c(. H<>r. Od. 
 3, 29, 16; f. s'llverr, cl. SlarL 14, iKj. 
 
 unrullness : L impoieiiiu cic 
 Tusc. 4. 15, J4 Plin. 2. li-rodlas: 
 Cic. Vat 1, 2 . .Suet 3. effrcnilio : 
 utter u., e. impijtentis animi, Cic. PbiL 
 5, 8, 22. 4. Ikrnlia: v. ucejobi. 
 6. petulautia : v. iNSUBuKUOfA- 
 
 TION. 
 
 unruly : 1. impSteas : u. emo- 
 
 tions, 1. aiiiml niotus, id. Part. {$, 119. 
 2. ftrox, ocis ; indulynce makes 
 one unruly, indulgenlia ferocem reddii, 
 id. Alt II, 10. Join: ferox imp<>- 
 t< nsque, Cic. Fam. 4, 9. 3. ffru?, 
 Tib. I, 5, 5. 4. effrSnalUb : an 11. 
 and raj'h mind, mens e. et praeceps, 
 Cic. 0»el. 15, J5 . I'lin. Liv. 5. lur- 
 bulentus. »:ic. de Or. 2, 11,48: superl. 
 Caes. b. C. 1, 5. 6. immOdfritiis : v. 
 UNBRIDLED. Phr.: u. ^in'tr, iiigeniA 
 inquieta et in novas res avida, Liv. 11, 
 
 21 : v. UNGOVERNABLE, tTNBRIIiLfLD. 
 
 unsaddle: l. »oivo siraium: cf. 
 
 l>efore bui/ing a horse you order it to be 
 unsaddled, equuni einpuirus solvi jubei 
 siraluin. Sen. Ep. 80, 10. 2. deiriho 
 slratuin ; cl. he orders the mules to be 
 unsadiled (of pack-saddles), niulis straU 
 detrahi jul>ei, Liv. 7, 14. Phr.; tAey 
 luid their horses unsaddled, non stratos 
 babebunt equos, Liv. J7. '°- 
 
 unsafe: 1. imaius: an u. friend- 
 ship, i. amicitla, Tac A. 2, 44 : u. re- 
 treaU, i. latebrae, Ib. i, }8: P.in. : alfo 
 
 V. DKFENCELESS, UNGUARDED. 2. 
 
 non ivilus, piiruni tutus: Quint. 9, 2, 66. 
 3. periciilOsus : v. dangkkocs. 4. 
 infestus (^lor trafllers or v^iyayeis) : to 
 make the country u., i. agruni reddere, 
 Liv. 2,11: a road made u. Iiy raidt, 
 via excursionibus infesta, Cic. lYov. 
 Cons. 2. 4. 5. lubriciis: v. bUiPKBT. 
 6. incertus: v. insecure. 7. 'o- 
 fldus : V. TREACHEROUS. To be made u., 
 infestor, i ; that those ulamis are made 
 u. bii wild beasts, eas Insulas 1. belluit 
 Plin". 8, }2, J7 ; the wa (■emj; made u. 
 bif piracy, mari Infeslato hilrocinlis. 
 Veil. 2. ■;"?. 
 
 unsaleable: invrndibllis. u. mer- 
 chamliS'. 1. lutr.'c. I'laul. I'oen. I. 1, 128 
 
 unsalted: insuisus: Ool. 2.9. •non 
 sale cuiiilitus. atpersus. 
 
 unsaluted: insilutilus: \1rg. Aen. 
 9. Z88. 
 
 unsatisfactorily : , 1. niinu» 
 
 b*ne: Cic. 2. alitor (wilh verb» 
 
 meaning to happen, turn out). Ter.: 
 Si\ll. . , 
 
 unsatisfactory: 1. expr. by dr- 
 cmnl. with ex sentenlia. 2. "on 
 
 IdOiieus: Ueorg. : mlnOs idOneus: Cie. 
 B;\lb. J, 7 non sAtIs UlOneus: id. .\tt 
 8, 22; impriibabllLs: an u. argiiment, 
 i. arguim-niiiiii, Pll". 4. i J. 27 Phr.-. 
 we hn<l -verylhing else «., hiil> mm 
 nihil aliud in quo acquicscanius, Cic. 
 
 KaUl 4 J : V. .'iATlSFACTOBT. 
 
 unsated: I 1. "cuinonau.- 
 
 unsatiflfied : i factum est (of potoni 
 
 Willi relcreiice to claims c.r demands): 
 
 (ietirg. . V. DISSATISFIED. 2. Inei- 
 
 pletus: u-ith u. eye, i. Inmine, Ov. Met 
 
 90J
 
 O N S A V O U R Y 
 
 UNSHORN 
 
 UNSOUND 
 
 J, 4jq ; u. love, I amor, Stat. Theb. •;, 
 •70 J. 3. iii.-atiatus : an u. desire for 
 going, i. ardor eundi, Stat. Theb. 6, J05, 
 or expr. by cirouml. with expleo, satio : 
 
 V. SATI^FT. 
 
 unsavoury : 1. foedus : v. foul. 
 
 2, teter, tra, trum : v. loathsome. 
 
 3. fetitius : v. sriNKreo. 4. expr. 
 by circuml. with condio, sapio: v. uk- 
 
 PALATABLK. 
 
 unsay : 1. expr. by circuml. with 
 indictus : e. g. that then could not uvsay 
 what they then recited, quae turn ceci- 
 nerint, ea se nee ut indicta siut revocare 
 posse, Liv. 5, 15. 2. retexo, xui, 
 xtum, J : it cannot, unless you u. 
 w/iat you said Itefore, non potest, nisi 
 retexueris ilia, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84. 3. 
 recanto, i: Hor. Od. i, 16, 27: v. be- 
 
 CANT, RETRACT. . 
 
 tinscr6v»i *cochleas rgtorqueo, re- 
 tnittu (V. TO screw): or expr. simply 
 by solvo, laxo, retorqueo. 
 
 unscriptural : * libris divlnis re- 
 pugnnns, pariini conveniens; *a sacra- 
 rum scripturarum doctrinis abhorrens. 
 
 unseal ; 1. rgslgno, i .- to u. a 
 
 letter, litieras r.. Plant. Trin. j, }, 65: 
 to u. mils, teslamenta r., Hor. Ep. i, 7, 9. 
 2. rgllno, levi, ? (of wine jars) : 
 Plant. : Ter. 3. ap6rio, rni, rtutn, 4 : 
 V. OPEN (v.). 4. exsolvd, vi, solQtum, 
 }, Plaut. : V. tJNDO. The letters of 
 classical times were tied with strings : 
 hence to unseal, vincula epistolae laxare, 
 Nep. Paus. 4 ; linum incidere, Cic. Cat. 
 J, 5 : imst^alid (not sealed), *non obsig- 
 natus : V. TO seal. 
 
 unsealed: ^ unseal. 
 
 unsearchable : expr. by negative 
 particle and gerundive of verbs mean- 
 ing to search v. sEf^K, search, trace, 
 FIND, or by ciicimil. with possum: in- 
 scriitabilis the heart of kings is u., cor 
 reguni i., Viilg. Prov. xxv. j : Aug. 
 
 unseasonable : 1. intempestivns: 
 
 a letter from, you never seemed to me u., 
 nimqnam mihi tua epistola i. visa est, 
 Cie. Att. 4, I J : M. industry, i. Minerva, 
 Ov. Met. 4, j; : u. sho"e7-s, i. imbres, 
 Lucr. 2, 87;. 2. inimaturus (unripe, 
 untimely) : u. counsi-ls, i. consilia, Liv. 
 22, J8. 3. praematurus: v. prema- 
 ture, TTNTiMELT. 4. incommodus : 
 it seems not u. to explain, non i. vi- 
 detur exponere. Cic. Inv. i, J4, 59. 
 5. praecox, c6cis : u. laughter (of in- 
 fants), p. risiis, Plin. 7, prooeni. 6. 
 Ineptus : u. laughter, risus i.. Cat. J9, 
 16 : Cic. : v. place (P h r. : out of place). 
 7. intempftralis . Coel. Aur. ; Aug. 
 
 unseasonableness : 1. imem- 
 pesOvitas: Gell. 2. intempOralitas: 
 Coel Aur. 
 
 unseasonably: 1. intempestive, 
 
 Cic. : Liv. : Tac. : Ov. 2. importune : 
 Cic: Gell. 3. incommode: Caes.: 
 
 Cic. : Plaut. 4. non apto tempore : 
 Ov. Rem. Ijl. 5. ineple : Cic. : 
 
 Hor. 6. iniempestiviter: Gell.: in- 
 temporaliter : Coel. Aur. Acting u. : 
 intempestivus : geese m. making their 
 incessant cackling, anseres contiimo 
 clamore i., Plin. 18, ^5, 87. 
 
 unseasoned: I. of food: non 
 
 conditus: v. to season. ||. Of 
 
 timber ; 1, humidiis : ships hastily 
 
 made of unseasoned timber, (naves) fac- 
 tae subito ex h. materia, Caes. B. C. i, 
 58. 2. viridis, e: of u. timber, ex v. 
 
 materia, Liv. 29, i, med. 
 
 unseemly: indecorus, indecens, in- 
 eptus : V. UNBECOMIKG. 
 
 unseen : 1. invlsus : unseen rites, 
 sacra i., Auct. Har. Resp. 27, 57 : Caes. 
 2. invlsitatus : omnia visitata et 
 invisitata: Vltr. 9, 4. 
 
 unselfish : 1, omni carens cupi- 
 ditate (';/' persons) : Cic. Att. j, 2;. 
 2, gratuitus (of actions) : men's 
 affection and friendship is «.. hominum 
 caritas et aniicitia g. est, id. N. D. i, 44, 
 122: H. integrity, pvobitas g., id. Fin. 
 2. }i. 99; u. virtue, virtus g., id. Div. 
 I. ?5i 87. 3. innocens, ntis; Sail.: 
 Suet. : Plin. : V. DISINTERESTED : 01 expr. 
 by phr. : to be n., suae utilitatis imme- 
 morem ease, id. Fin. 5, 22, 64: to be 
 904 
 
 quite u., mirifice abstinentem esse, ab 
 omni cupidltate remotum esse, Cic. 
 (from Kr.) : u. acts, facta quae suscepta 
 videntur sine emolumento ac praemio, 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 85, 146. 
 
 unselfishly : 1. innocenterj Tac. 
 
 2. gratuito: Cic. 3. Uberaliler; 
 Cic. : Ter. To act u., nullo emolu- 
 mento incitatus facere aliquid, Cic. ; 
 sine emolumento aliquid suscipere, Cic. 
 (from Kr.). 
 
 unselfishness : innocentia, conti- 
 neniia : v. disinterestedness. 
 
 unsentenced: indemnatus: v. UN- 
 condemned. 
 
 unserviceable: 1. inutiiis: v. 
 
 useless. 2. emgritus : v. worn (out). 
 
 3. non satis litilis: (of a soldier), 
 Ov. Trist. 4, 8, 21. 4, insaliibris : 
 it is »., i. est, Plin. 17, 2, 2. 
 
 unsettle : \. J"" nuxke uncertain 
 (that which has been fixed, determined) : 
 1, diiblum facio, feci, factum, j : 
 you u. a matter by no means doubtful 
 by arguing upon it, rem minime dubiam 
 argumentando dubiam facis, Cic. N. I K 
 i,4, 'o. 2. expr. by Phr.: the rights 
 of citizenship, the title of property oj' all 
 lands tvilt be u.d, civitatis Jus, bona, 
 fortunae possesslonesque in diibium in- 
 certumque revocabuntur, id. Caecin. 27, 
 76. To be u.d, ad incertum revocari, ib. 
 I J, J8 ; in dubium vocari (to be called in 
 question) : cf. Cic. de Inv. 2, 28. 84. To 
 leave u.d, in medio relinquere, Cic. Coel. 
 20, 48 ; incertum relinquere. id. Mur. }i, 
 68. To u. any one's opinion, movere all- 
 ciyus senientiam, id. Att. 7, <; aliquem 
 de sententia deducere, id. Tusc. 2, 2;, 60. 
 To go axvay with the affair u.d, re in- 
 fecta abire, Liv. 9, j2. ||, Of the 
 mind (to instil doubts, scruples, etc.) : 
 
 1. dubium facio to u. the mind, 
 d. f. animum, Cic. Leg. Man. 10, 27 : 
 
 2. dubitationem a£F6ro, injicio: v. 
 doubt. To become u.d, sententift de- 
 sistere, id. Tusc. i, 19, 6!. To be u.d, 
 fluctuo, I : v. waver, restless. Ill, 
 Of the mind (to disturb, agitate) : to u. 
 the mind, animum loco et certo de statu 
 demovere, id. Caecin. i;, 42. 7b u. 
 thorougMy, perturbo, I, id. Or. 57, 128 : 
 commoveo, 2: agito, i : v. to disquiet. 
 
 IV. Of things (to bring into dis- 
 order, confusion): \, turbo, i : take 
 care that he does not u. anything, ne 
 quid ille turbet vide, id. Q. Fr. j, i. 
 2. perturbo, \: to u. the province, 
 p. provinciani, id. SuU. 20, 56. 3. 
 misceo, ui, mistum or niixtum, 2 : to u. 
 the state, rem publicam m., id. Agr. 2, 
 }3, 91- 
 
 unsettled: dubius, inslaliilis. incon- 
 stans : v. doubtful, hesitate, un- 
 steady' : vagus (of haliits) : Cic. Clu. 
 
 62, 175: v. ROVING, TO unsettle. 
 
 unsew : dissuo, iitum, j : Ov. Fast. 
 
 1, 408. 
 
 unshackle: solvo, ex vinciis eximo: 
 
 v. UNCHAIN. 
 
 unshackled: solutus: Cic. Fin. i, 
 10, j{ : V. unfettered, untrammelled, 
 
 FREE. 
 
 unshaded : apricus : u. hills, u. 
 coUes, Liv. 21, J7: Cic: Plin.: Poet. 
 
 unshaken : 1. inconcussus : u. 
 
 by struggles, certaminibus i., Tac. Ann. 
 
 2, 44. 2. illabgfactus: u. harmony, 
 i. Concordia, Ov. Pont. 4, I2, Jo. 3. 
 immotus : v. unmoved. 
 
 unshapen : v. misshapen. 
 
 unshaved: intonsus (v. unshorn): 
 irrasus : an u. cudgel, i. clava, Sil. 8, 
 584- 
 
 unsheath: 1. e vagina educo 
 
 (gladium) : cf Cic. Inv. 2, 4. 14. 2, 
 nfido (gladium) : Ov. Fast. 2, 69}. 3. 
 (gladium) stringo, destringo, i : v. draw 
 (IV.). 
 
 unsheltered : detectus, apertus : 
 
 V. UNCOVERED, EXPOSED. 
 
 unship : expono, posui, positum, j ; 
 Cic. Off. J. 12, 51. 
 
 unshod : I. Of human beings : 
 
 p6dibus nudis. excalceatus, discalceatus : 
 v, BAREFOOT. II, Of horses : expr. 
 by * non calceatus. 
 
 unshorn: 1. intonsus: u. hair, 
 
 i. capilli, Hor. Epod. 15, 9 : u.face, i. era, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 181 : u. ancestors, i. aW, 
 Ov. Fast. 2, JO : u. hair, i. coma, Ace. 
 Ap. Cic. Tusc. }, 26, 62. 2. 'm- 
 missus (allowed to grow) : u. beard, 
 i. barba, Virg. Aen. j, 59} : Quint. : 
 u. hair, i. capilli, Ov. Fast, i, ?o}. V» 
 keep (hair and beard) unshorn, pro- 
 mitto, misi, missum, j: Liv. 6, 16. 
 
 unsifted: incretus: u. bran, i. fur- 
 fures, Appul. Met. 7, p. 194 : V. .sift. 
 
 unsightliness : detormitas, turpl- 
 tudo, foeditas : v. ugliness. 
 
 unsightly : 1, indecorus visu : 
 
 Plin. \}. 12, 24. 2. Indecens: Mart. 
 3. turpis; V. UGLY. 4. foedus 
 
 (very strong) : u. appearance, f. species, 
 Lucr. 2, 421 : a most u. monster, foedis- 
 simum monstrum, Cic. Pis. 14, }i. 
 
 unsisterlike : *non sororius. 
 
 unskilful : < 1. imperitus (un- 
 
 unskilled : > practised, and gene- 
 rally, inexperienced : rarely of things) : 
 u. in speaking, i. dicendi, Cic. de Or. }, 
 44. 175 : u. in tear, I belli, Nep. Epam. 7 : 
 riidis (raw, clumsy, unacquainted with) : 
 u. in warfare, r. rei miiitaris, Cic. Acad. 
 2, 1,2: u. in engagements of infantry, 
 r. ad pedestria bella. Liv. 24, 48 : u. 
 workmanship, r. opus, Ov. A. A. j, 228. 
 2. insdtus : V. inexperienced. 3. 
 Iners, rtis: Cic. Fin, 2, J4, 11;. 4. 
 ignarus : v. ignorant. 5. inexerci- 
 tatus: V. unpractised. 
 
 unskilfulness : 1. imperitia ; 
 
 the u. of the legate, i. legati. Sail. Jug. 
 42. 2. Inscitia: u. in building, i. 
 
 aedificandi, Tac. Ger. 16 : u. in 
 managing a business, i. iiegotii gerendi, 
 Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 11. 3. inertia 
 (rare): id. Pan. 10, J5. 
 
 unskilfully : 1. imperite : Cic. : 
 Quint. 2. iii.scite (without knowledge 
 or judgment) : Cic : Liv. 3. Inepte: 
 V. improperly. 
 
 unslaked: I. CfUme: vlvus; 
 
 u. lime, V. caLx, Vitr. 8, 7. ||. Of 
 thirst : non explgtus, non satiatus : cf. 
 Cic. Par. I, I : or expr. by neg. with 
 restinguo, sedo : v. quench. 
 
 unsociable : 1. insOciabltis, e : an 
 u. race, i. gens, Liv. }•], i. 2. diffi- 
 cilis, e: V. SURLY. 3. solitarius : an 
 u. meal, s. coena, Plin. Pan. 49 : v. soli- 
 TAEY. To be u., sermonem segregare, 
 Plaut. Mil. J, I, 61. 
 
 unsodden : v. uncooked. 
 
 unsoiled : sine labe, integer, intact- 
 us, purus, immaculatus: v. unblemish- 
 ed, UNSTAINED. 
 
 unsolicited : «'xpr. by adv. ultro, 
 sua sponte : or by neg. with verb . t. 
 
 solicit, UNASKED. 
 
 unsolved : doh solutus: V. TO solve. 
 unsophisticated: 1. simplex., 
 
 plicis : an u. man, homo s., Cic. Rep. }, 
 16. 2. sincerus: an u. and pure 
 nature, s. et Integra natura, Tac. Or. 28, 
 fin. Join: simplex et sincerus, Cic. 
 Att. 10, 6. 3. incorruptus; v. UN- 
 corrupted. 4. frogi : V. SIMPLE. 
 Phr.: o thoroughly u. neighbourhood, 
 vicinitas non assueta mendaciis, non 
 fucosa, non fallax, non erudita artifioio 
 simulationi.s, id. Plane. 7, 22. 
 
 unsought; non quaesitus; v. to 
 
 SEEK. 
 
 unsound : I. of things : 1. 
 puter and putris, tris, tre: v. rotten, 
 
 TAINTED. 2. caVUS: v. hollow. 3. 
 CadClCUS : V. PERISHABLE. 4. VltiOS- 
 
 us : V. FAULTY : u. wine, infirmi saporis 
 vinum nee perenne. Col. Arb. ), extr, 
 5, affectus (of estate, credit) : Liv. 
 5, lo: Tac. Hist, j, 65. 6. evaniduB 
 (of wood and timber) : Vitr. ||, Of 
 health and strength: 1, infirmus: 
 u. in strength, viribus i., Cic. Verr. 4, 
 4J, 9; : u. health, i. valetudo, id. Brut 
 48, 180. 2. morbosus, morbidus: v 
 
 SICKLY, UNHEALTHY. |||. Of Opinions, 
 
 statements: vanus, falsus. vltiosus, in- 
 firmus, non satis tirnnis. levis (with 
 opinio, argumentum. ratio, rarely with 
 sententia) : Cic. • that argument is u., 
 nullum vero id argumentum est, id. 
 Tusc. 2, 5, i; : v. baseless, krbonfods. 
 Of u. mind, insanus . Cic. : Ter. : mente
 
 UNSOUNDNESS 
 
 captoa, Gc. Acad. 2, 17, ;2 ; male saiius, 
 Cic. Att 9, 15. IV. Of rdigioiM 
 
 OpinioM: sectarian t. t. .- baergticus : v. 
 ONOKTHODox. To hold u. vieivs on, 
 prava seiitio, etc., of. Cic. Tusc. i. i}, 
 ;o. To malce u., in&nno, imminuo: 
 
 V. TO IMPAIR. 
 
 onsOTlIldneBS : 1. Inflrmitas • to 
 afford a suspicion of u., suspicloiiem i. 
 dare, SueU Tib. -ji. 2. iiisariitas; 
 
 folly is a sort of u. of mind, iiisipientia 
 est quasi i. quaedam animi, Cic. ruse, i, 
 5, 10: Varr. 3. pravitas: u. of 
 
 opinions, p. opinionum, Cic. Tusc. i,i,2. 
 
 unsown : 1. non satus : V. TO 
 sow. 2. Inconsitus: Varr. 
 
 unspared : expr. by neg. with par- 
 co; V. siAKK. Plir. to leave no pains 
 u., operae plurimura studiique coiisu- 
 mere, Cic. Rose Am. 15, 4J. 
 
 onsparing: I. Sevtre.merciless -. 
 
 1, inclemens, ritis : Liv. : v. UN- 
 MKBCiFUL. 2. acT. cris, cre .- nuire 
 u. punishments, acrlora supplicia, Cic. 
 Cat I, I, I. 3. acerbus: a most u. 
 punishment, acerbissioium supplicium, 
 lb. 4, 6, 12. 4. crudelis: v. cruki,. 
 
 5. severus: v. skvkrk. ||. Iait 
 f>ith, liberal : prSfusus, prodigiis, largus, 
 Ubgralis : v. libkbal, unuecdging. 
 
 unsparingly : I. severely .- in- 
 
 clemeiiler : I'l. ; Liv.: Plin. : crude- 
 liter : Cic. : acerbe : id. ||. Lilier- 
 ally : prSITlse : Suet. : Liv. : large ; Cic. : 
 Tac. : V. i.AVtsiu,v. 
 
 unspeakable: infandus, Inenarra- 
 bllis, InefTabilis: v. nNUTTERABLE : in- 
 enunliabilis: Censorin. 
 
 unspin : rgneo, 2: Ov. F. 6, 757. 
 
 unspotted; v. unstained. 
 
 unstable: I. Li<- (rare): 1. 
 instabilis, e : u. gait, i. incessus, Liv. 24, 
 ;4. 2. molnliii, e : v. unsteadv. 3. 
 incertus: v. inskcure. ||. Fig.: 1. 
 instabilis: u. furlune, i. furtuna, Tac. 
 Hist 4, 47. 2. flu.xus : revou-n is u. 
 and frail, glnriii fluxa et fra^ilis est, 
 Sail. Cat. I. Join: instabilis Pt fluxus, 
 Tac. Ann. ij, 19: f. et mobilis, .Sail. 
 
 .fug. 104: V. CHANGEABLE, INCONSTANT, 
 CNSTEaUV. 
 
 unstained: 1. purus: u. by 
 crime, sceleris p., Hor. Od. i, 22, i. 
 Lit. : on u. spear, p. basta. Stat. Theb. 
 II, 450. 2. castus: an estate u. by 
 the blood of citizens, res familiaris casta 
 a cruore civili, Cic. Pliil. ij, 4, 8: Poet. 
 3. intSger : v. shotli-ss. 4. incon- 
 taminatus : that there may be nothing 
 u., ne quid i. sit, Liv. 4, 2. 5. intam- 
 inatus: virtue is bright iiith u. honours, 
 virtus L fulget boiioribus, Hor. Od. j, 
 2, 18. 6. Inipollutus: «. virginity, 
 i. virgin! las, Tac. Ann. 14, j;. 7. 
 intemeratus: u. honour, i. tides, Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 14? Tac. g. Intactus : u. 
 honnur. i. fides, Stat. S. 5, 1, 57: v. UN- 
 
 PEFILED, STAINt.ESS. 
 
 unstamped : of metals, coins, etc. .- 
 noil ."ignatus (v. stash-) : of measures, 
 ftc. : "nullosigiio, nulla iiota inipressus: 
 
 v. TINAUTIKHtlZED. 
 
 unsteadily : instaWliter : Aug. : 
 mritabillter (changeable) ; Varr. : or 
 expr. by adj. 
 
 unsteadiness : 1. instsbiiitas • 
 
 u. of mind, i. mentis. Plin. 24, 17, 102. 
 2 inobilitas, ievitas, incoustantia : 
 
 V. INCONSTANCV, FICKLF.NKSS. 
 
 unsteady : !• instabilis, e : u. gait, 
 1. gradus. Curt 8. 11 : an u. footing, i. 
 vestigium, Plin. Pan. 22. Fig.: an u. 
 and vavering line (of soldii^s), i. et 
 fluctuans acie-s, Liv. 9, j; : v. unstable. 
 
 2. trenigbunilus • «. voice, t vox, 
 Auct Her. j, 14, 2?. 3. trfmiilus: 
 an u. light, l. lumen, Virg. Aen. 8, 22: 
 
 v. SHAKE, QCIVKR, TREMBLE. 4, Va- 
 
 rius; an u. mind, animus v.. Sail. Cat. 
 5- 5. vagus: v. inconstant, v.agde. 
 To be u. (lit and fig.) : ftuctiio. i, va- 
 cillo, I : Cic. : v. to sway, waveb. 
 
 unstitch: dissuo, j: v. unrip 
 
 unstoa : V. OPEN. 
 
 unstring : of a boiv .- l. rctando, 
 ai, tuni or sum, { : he u.s his bofs, ar- 
 cus retendit, Ov. Met. 2, 419. 2. "ner- 
 Tum laxo. 
 
 UNTERRIPIED 
 
 UNTOLD 
 
 unstrung : |. L 1 1. : v. ukstriieg. 
 Ph r. : an u. bow, mollis arena, Ov. Her. 
 4, 92. It, F i «• : of t)ie nrrves. P b r. : 
 my nerves are utterly u., tola inente at- 
 que oninibiis arlubus contremisco, Cic, 
 de Or. I. if), fn. 
 
 unsubdued ■ indOmitus : v. UK- 
 
 TAMKI). 
 
 unsubstantial : inanis, levis : v. 
 
 EMI-Ti, LIGHT. 
 
 unsuccessful : 1, infelix : v. 
 
 UNFoBTUNATt. 2. inlauslus: u. in 
 
 U'ar, i. bellis, Tac. Ann. 12, 10 : v. CN- 
 LUCKV. 3. inipro.sper : v. i-npkos- 
 PEROUS. 4. adversub (olijective) . an u. 
 engagfmerU, a. proelium, Caes. B. 0. i, 
 18: Liv. 5. inanis, ctutfus: v. un- 
 I'KOFiTABLE. 6. irritus (utterly u.) : 
 u. attempts, i. Incepta, Liv. 29. j; : u. in 
 the embassy, 1. legationls, Tac. Hist. 4, 
 
 J2 : v. INEFFECTUAL. P U r. : and vhen 
 
 it (the plait) "OS u., quod ubi secus pro- 
 cedit Sail. Jug. 25: even the greatest 
 orators are sometimes u. in their at- 
 tempts, nonnunquam summis oratoribus 
 non satis ex sententia eventus dicendi 
 procedit Cic. de Or. i, 27 : to be u. in a 
 business, rem, negotium male gerere, 
 Cic. ; 'successu rarere. Georg. : male 
 cedere (impers.), Hor. Sat. 2, i, }i : to 
 be utterly u. (in attempts), oleum et 
 operam perdere, Cic. ham. 7. 1. 
 
 unsuccessfully: infr-licSter : Liv.: 
 improsperi-, I'ac. : parum feliciter, Hirt. : 
 frustra, inai^^um (v. [in] vain). 
 
 unsuitable : ' 1. IncommSdus : 
 
 UnSUlted ■ ( not u. under tJte /n-e- 
 sent circumstances, non incoiiimodum 
 pro re nata, Cic. Att. 14, i6 : Liv. 2. 
 alienus : a house rwl u. for their pur^ 
 pose, domus nrque a. consill. Sail. Cat. 
 40 : u.to tlie place and time, a. loco, tem- 
 IK)re, Quint, prooem. ; : u.for an engage- 
 ment, ad comniittrnduni pioellum a., 
 Caes. B. G. 4, J4: v. unfit, unbixoming. 
 3, ineptus : nothing u., nihil i., 
 Cic. Or. 9, 2<j: V. isiPROPKR. 4. in- 
 congruens Plin. Ep. 4, 9. 
 
 unsuitableness : mcommoditas : 
 Cic. : iiicongruentia : Tert ; v. lnfit- 
 
 NE.SS. 
 
 I unsuitably : inconmiOde : Cic. : 
 
 I Plant. : I'er : inepte : Cic. : Hor. : In- 
 
 I congruenter : Tert. 
 
 unsullied : incorruptus : V. UN- 
 
 ' stained, unblemished. 
 
 I unsuspected : non suspectus : v. 
 SUSPECT, i'br. : to be quite u., lugere 
 suspicioneni. Cic. Att. 8, 16: anything 
 is !(., nulla subest ile aliqua re suspicio, 
 id. Uosc. Am. 10, 28 : atnj one is u., non 
 cadit in aliquem suspicio, cf. id. Bull. 27, 
 
 75: to pass u. among..., inter 
 
 sine ulla s'ispicione versari, Caes. B. G. 
 
 5, 44 : V. UNDdUUTED, TRUS-TED. 
 
 unsuspecting : / 1. minime sus- 
 UnSUSpicioUS : ( plcax (of charac- 
 ter) : cf. Liv. 40, 14. 2. nihil niali 
 suspicaiis, cf. Cliient. 9, 27. 3. m- 
 cautus: V. guard (Phr. o^ one's g.). 
 
 untainted : 1. integer : u. 
 
 streams, I. fontes, Hor. Od. i, 26, 6 : Cic. 
 
 2. non Iniectus : v. to taint. 
 untamed : 1. indonutus : u. 
 
 dispo.^itiutis. i. ingenia, Liv. 21, 20: the 
 u. sea, i. mare, lib. 2, }, 4? : u. desires, 
 i. animi cupiditatps, Cic. Kosc. Am. 14, 
 J9. 2. iinmansuetus : Ov. : Sen. : v. 
 SAVAGE 3. lerus, efferus: v. wild. 
 
 untasted : ineustiitus (not having 
 been tasted liefore) : Hor. Sat. 2, 8, jo. 
 Phr. : leave the food u., rejice clbos, Ov. 
 Am. I, 4, J4. 
 
 untaught: 1. indoctus: v. ex- 
 learned. 2. ind6clli8,e: u.vays(of 
 vater), i. vias, Prop, i, 2, 12: an u. 
 strain, i. numenis, Ov. I'rist 4, i, 6. 
 
 3. riidis; v. KiNOHANT. 
 
 Un teachable : indocilis, e (of pri- 
 sons): Cic. N. 1). I. 5. 12: Plin.: Hor.: 
 an u. system, i. discipUna, Cic. Acad. 2, 
 I, I. 
 
 untenable: *quoil defendi non po- 
 test: * in qui (sententia) manere non 
 potest. 
 
 untenanted : vacuus; v. trKLEx, nn- 
 
 INHABITED. 
 
 unterrified : interritus : Tac. : 
 
 T. UK. 
 
 V. OJi- 
 
 OK- 
 
 Virg.: ImpHvidus. Lit.: Poet: 
 
 DAUNTED. 
 
 unthankful : ingratvs: 
 
 CBATKJLL THANKLElSi. 
 
 unthankfully : ingriie : r. 
 
 GBATKH 1 LI . THANKLKw-LV. 
 
 unthankfulness: uiiimus iogritua: 
 
 V. INGhATITLDI;, THANKLB*iSI2«. 
 
 unthinking: incon>id6ritus: T. w- 
 
 CONSIDEBaTE, THOUGHTLtss. 
 
 unthrifty: proUMi-,, prudigtu: w. 
 
 EXTRAVAGANT, WASTKJCU 
 
 untie : 1. soivu, lulvi, sdiiitum. 
 
 }: to u. a knU, nodum 8., Hor. Od. i. 
 21, 21 tJie 'lusttand uj the gir>lU fat- 
 tened with the Heiculean knot, ciuxulum 
 riodo Herculeani-o vinctum vir «., Sen. 
 Ep. 87, ad fin. : v. c.nbind. ukuxjok. 
 2. dis.solvo. }: to II. k-nitts. IHKlo^ d.. 
 Lucr. 6, J56. 3. laxo, i : v. to vk- 
 LOfj6E. P li r. : to u. IcnoU. noduw minu 
 didUL'ere, Ov. Met. 2. 560. 
 
 until (c'/nj.) .• 1. dum : with indie. 
 if mere succ^.-sion In time is Iralicaled : 
 e. g. that tMryain remained in foixr n. 
 the judges vxre rtjectfl, ta redt^ipUn 
 mansit dum Jndlces rejpcti sunt, Cic. 
 Verr. Act l, 6, 16 : u. / return, dum 
 redeo. Virg. Eel. 9, 2l : with sulj. whfii 
 there Is an idea of purpute e. g. let 
 them put it off to anuthrr time, u. Uietr 
 anger has subsided, difTerant in aliud 
 tempug dum defervescat ira, id. lu.-*, 4. 
 }6, 78 Caesar, houever, always uaes 
 the subj. 2. doiifc (rare in Cic. . uf>l 
 In Caes. or Sail.): game con^truction as 
 dum: Livy, however, and Tacitus oc- 
 casionally use the subj. when spealciog 
 of facts. 3. qu64d : with ind. or 
 
 subj. according as it refers to actual (act 
 or not: cf. (with sulj ) Caes. B.G. 5. 24. 
 Cic. Fam. 4, j : (with indie.) u. the 
 citadel uas given up, quoad di-dila arx 
 est, Liv. 26, 46: usque eo- q.,Cic. I>eiot 
 4^ II- 4. qiio^losi|ue : with indie.. 
 Suet. Caes. 14. 5. usque dum Cic. 
 Verr. 1, 5, 12: Plaut. 6. adeo usque 
 dum ; I'laut. Am. i, 2, 10. The Idi-a of iht- 
 continuance of action up to the spetilied 
 limit Is enforo^ by adding to the prin- 
 cipal clause usque ad eum finem before 
 dum, cf. Cic. .N. I'. 2. 51,/in. ; usque eo, 
 u.sque adcii before quoad: Cic; before 
 donee : Plaut. : u. non; usque adbuc, 
 Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 21: u. what time f 
 quousqiie ? v. how long. For con- 
 struction, V. L. y. {} 496-499. 
 
 until (prep.): 1. iid (with or 
 
 without us<iue) : u. his rrtui-n, ad re- 
 
 j ditum suuiii, Cic. Off. 2, 2 ?. 82 from 
 
 '■ about ten u'dock u. sunset, ab hora fen- 
 
 I quarta usque ad solis occasum, Ca^•^. 
 
 B. G. }, i; : u. late at night, ad ninltani 
 
 noctem, ib. i, 26: /10m morning u. 
 
 evening, a mane Ufsque ad vesperam. 
 
 Suet. Cal. 18: u. dawn, ad lucem, Liv. 
 
 i, 28. 2. •" ■ '" "■'" *leep u. broad 
 
 day, dormiet in lucem. H'-r. Kp. i. 18, 
 
 J4: he ."piike n. ni^A^ dixit in tKX-tem, 
 
 Plin. Ep. 4, 9. Esp. to put off u., differre 
 
 in. . . : e. g. to put off II. (/>-."nom/«'. Id 
 
 crasiinum A. Cic. de Or. 2, 90,/««. : v. 
 
 PUT (off). 
 
 untile : demo IfgOlas, nQdo t^lls. 
 dSt^go: v. TO UNRiKip. 
 untilled; mcuitus, risdis: v. rs- 
 
 CULTIVATH". 
 
 untimely: 1. immatfirns: u. 
 
 death, i. morN Cic Phil. 2, 46. 1 19 Plin.: 
 Suet 2. praemitiirus; u. drath. p. 
 mors, Plin. "7, SI. S2. 3. iniportfiniis : 
 u. death, i. uhtn Ov. Am. J, 9, 19. 4. 
 ftcerbus : u. drath. funus a., Virg. Aen. 
 6,4:9: to biinij forth u. oiTsprivq. .in\>' 
 diem edere i>artus ac»-rbos, Ov. Fa.>t. 4. 
 647 ■ V. UNSEA.-iOSABLK. An u. bittk, 
 iborlns, iilwrtio: v. mix-arbiagk. 
 
 un tinged : non linclus, non imbu- 
 
 tUS: v. TINGE. 
 
 untired: indefi>ssus: integer: t. 
 
 UNWEARIED. 
 
 untiring : asslduus : v. t-npi^ogdco, 
 
 tn>BEMMTING. 
 
 unto : V. TO. 
 
 untold: j. -^^ rrlnt^l, mention- 
 ed: 1. immtm(5niin> ijieu): Hor. 
 Ep. I, 19, I h 2. inislitus : u. oofB, \. 
 cura, Ov. Pont 4, 16, 19 (t. uimBi- 
 90s
 
 UNTOUCHE D 
 
 UNWALLED 
 
 UNWISE 
 
 tioned). Or expr. by neg. and iiarro, 
 dlco, memoro (v. tell). Ph r. : to have 
 u., omitto, praeterniiiio[v. I'ass (ovi;r)], 
 sileo de (v. sii.rnt) : Inaie dfeds re 
 main u., fortia facta silent, Ov. Met 12, 
 575- ll> !^'ot ccunted : nonumueialus: 
 V. TO CO0NT. Phr. : to trust aii.v one 
 with u. gold, marsupiuni cum argento 
 alicui concredere, Plaut. Men. 5, i, i. 
 
 untouched : 1. intactus : to send 
 ani/body an-ai/u. and unhurt, i. aliquera 
 inviolatnmque dimittere, Liv. 2, 12 : his 
 bodi/ u. by a weapon, i. f'eno corpus, id. 
 I, 25: Sail.: Virg Hor. Fig.: a 
 mind u. by religious injluences, i. reli- 
 gione animus, Liv. 5,15. 2. integer: 
 u. treasure, i. thesaurus, Plaut. True. 4, 
 
 12, IJ. V. UNINJUBED, UNDISTURBED. 
 
 3. indelibatus: u. uealth, i. opes, 
 Ov. Trist. I, 5, 28. 4. imniotus Q>f 
 the feelings) : v. unmoved. To leave u. 
 (of subjects In speaking) : v. pass 
 Qoveb]. 
 
 untoward : adversus : v. UNLUCKY : 
 contiimax, acis ; v. stubborn. 
 
 untractable : Intractabilis : V. FRO- 
 
 WARD, INTUACTABLR. 
 
 untrained; inexercitatns: v. un- 
 
 PRACTrSED, UNPREPARED. 
 
 untranslatable : * quod totidem 
 verbis iransferri non potest: *non ex- 
 primendum. 
 
 untried: I. Unattempted, un- 
 
 tested. 1. Iiiexpertus r a new and u. 
 power, nova et i. potestas, Liv. j, 52: 
 legions u. by civU nar, le^iones civili 
 bello i.,Tac. Hist. 2, 75. Pbr. : to leave 
 nothing u., omnia experiri, Ter. And. 2. 
 I, II: Caes. 2. intentaius: our pods 
 have left nothing u., nil intentatum nos- 
 tri liquere poetae, Hor. A. P. 285 : 
 Virg. Tac. 3. intactus : a nen' and 
 u. method, nova i que ratio. Pi in. J4, 8, 
 19, No. 6 Sail.: Hon: Virg. 4. in- 
 tractatus : tlint no criine or fraud might 
 he ((., ne quid intiactatum S(ele!i>^ve do- 
 live esset, Virg. Aen. 8, 2-5. ||. .Voi 
 tried judicial! y : 1. indicia causa. 
 Oic. Leg. I, I?, 42 2. iucogmia 
 
 causa, id. N. D. 2, 2v. 7?- 3. Inaudit- 
 U3 : Tac. Ann. 2, 77 Suet. : v. unheard. 
 
 untrimmed : honidus: v. shag(;v, 
 ROUGH. To be left u., immitti, missus. 
 J: that vine is left u., ea vitis immit- 
 titur, Varr. R. R. i, ji. J : of beard 
 and hair : v. unshorn, uncut, un- 
 dressed. 
 
 untrodden : 1. non tritus : u. 
 places, loca nullius ante trita solo, Lucr. 
 I, 926. 2. avius : v. lonksome, 
 
 PATHLESS. Fig.: to purstie u. paths, to 
 leave the trodden, vias indagare iuusita- 
 tas, tritas rellnquere, Cic. Or. ii. 
 
 untroubled: 1. securus .sgren- 
 US: V. TRANQUIL. 2. pla< idus. qui- 
 
 StUS: V. CALM, QUIET. 3. aeqUUS : 
 
 V, UNRUFFLED. 4. VaCUUS : V. CARE- 
 
 LESS : or expr. by neg. part, and verb : 
 T. TO TROUBLE. 
 
 untrue : falsus, mendax : v. false. 
 untruly ; falso : v. falsely. 
 untruth : mendacium : v. lie, 
 
 FALSEHOOD. 
 
 unturned : Pb r. : to leave no stone 
 u. (to find out anything), investigo et 
 perscrutor omnia, of. Cic. Verr. 4, 21, 47. 
 
 untutored: v. unprompted, un- 
 taught. 
 
 untwine ; \ 1. reneo, 2 ■ v. to 
 
 untwist: jusspin. 2. retexo, 
 xui, xtum, i : V. TO unweave. 3. 
 Bolvo, solvi. sSliitura, } (gen. term): v. 
 
 LOOSKN, tWRAVEL. 
 
 unused : I. ^f persons .• insuS- 
 tus, insOlens, insolitus, inexpertus : v. 
 UNACCUSTOMED. ||. Of things ! 1. 
 integer (nU yet itsed) : v. fbesh, new. 
 
 2, inusiiatus: an u. word, i. ver- 
 bum, Cic. de Or. j, j8, 152 : v. obsolete. 
 
 3. non tritus (not worn by use) : 
 
 V. USED, USE. 4. vacuus: V. UNOC- 
 
 CUPIED. 5. non usTtatus: an u. 
 
 tving, non u. penna, Hor. Od. 2, 20, i. 
 To let no day go u., nullum diem prae- 
 termittere, id. Att 9, 14: v. to let 
 PASS, to lose. 
 
 unusual : 1. insftlltus (gen. term) : 
 o talhativenets u. to me, i. mihi loqua- 
 905 
 
 citas, Cic. de Or. 2, 88, .}6i . an u. word, 
 i. verbum, id. Balb. 16, ^6 : with subj. : 
 Join: it is quite u. to consider, rarum 
 ac prope insolitum est ut putet, Plin. 
 Pan. f>o : u. toil, i. labor, Ov. Met. 10, 
 554 : to venture 011 an u. thing, insolitum 
 sibi audeie, Tac. Hist. 4, !} : v. strange, 
 unwonted. 2. insolens, ntis; an u. 
 word. 1. verbum, Cic. Or. 8, 25. 3. 
 insuetus : u. desettedness, i. solitudo, 
 Liv. }, 52: an u. journey, i. iter. Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 16. 4. inusitatus: n. size, 
 i. magniludo, Cic. Off. J, 9, ?8: Join : 
 novus et inusitatus, Caes. B. C. j, 47 : 
 or expr. by neg. with usitaius (mean- 
 ing not in use). 5. inauditus (of 
 speech, etc.) : I will say nothing u., ni- 
 hil i. dicam, Cic. de Or. i, ii, 1 57 : also 
 of things (strong term): v. unheard 
 [of]. 6. n6vus : v. new. 7. ra- 
 rus: V. SCARCE. 8. egregius: v. un- 
 common, distinguished. 9, sinpu- 
 laris: v. unique, singular. 10. 
 enormia (fif shape and size) : v. enor- 
 mous. 11. extraordinarius : v. ex- 
 traordinary. Phr : anything u. 
 happens, praeter con>uetudinem accidit 
 aliquid, Cic. IMv. 2. 28, 60: it. is u. for 
 me to render..., nou est meae con- 
 suetudinis.. reddere..., id. Rab. 1,1. 
 They had attracted u. attention, plus 
 sulito converterant in se animos, Liv. 
 
 24.9 
 
 unusually: 1. insOlenter: Cic: 
 
 Caes. 2. tgregie (with adjs., in a 
 good sense) : an u. brave general, e. fortis 
 imperator, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 268. 3. 
 inusitaie: Cic: v. strangely. 4. 
 
 praeter solitum : u. blithe, p. s. laeti, 
 Virg. Georg. i, 412. 5. raro: v. 
 
 seldom. 6. expr. by solito with a 
 
 camp. adj. : e. g. u. liandsome, solito 
 formosior, Ov. Met. 7, 84. 1' h r. : bel- 
 lotving «., insueta rudentem, Virg. Aen. 
 8, 248 : earth u. close, terra supra morem 
 den?a, id. Georg. 2, 227. 
 
 unusualneSS : I. insolentia: u. 
 
 oj aords, i. verlx)rum, Cic. de Or. j, ij, 
 50. 2. nOvitas: v. novelty. 3. 
 raritas : v. fewness, RAurry, or expr. 
 Ijy adj. or adv. : v. unusual, cnusdally. 
 
 unutterable : 1. inetfaJMlis : v. 
 unpronounceable. 2. infandus: an 
 u. affair, res 1., Cic. de Or. 2, 79, J22 : 
 u. toils, i. labores, Virg. Aen. I, 597. 
 3. Ineuarrabilis : v, indescrib- 
 able. 4. incredibilis : v. incred- 
 ible. Unutterable is often used as a 
 mere superl., and to be translated by im- 
 mensus, maximns, etc. [N.B. — inelo- 
 quax, ineloquibilis, are Eccl.] 
 
 unutterably : 1. * supra quam 
 
 enarrari potest (beyond all description) : 
 Georg. 2. incredlbiliter : v. incre- 
 dibly. 3. intoleranter : v. intoler- 
 ably, excessively, i'hr.: lamu.re- 
 joiced, non dici potest quam valde gau- 
 deam, Cic. Fain. 7, 15. 
 
 unvarnished: I. Lit.: non 
 
 flicatus, fuco non illitus, Cic. : v. to 
 varnish. II. Fig.: 1, sine fuco: 
 in these there is an appearance of u. 
 truth, in his inest quidam sine f. veri- 
 tatls color, Cic. Brut. 44. 162. 2. sin- 
 cerus: opp. to tucatus : Join: sincera 
 atque vera, id. Am. 25, 95. 3. sim- 
 plex, pllois : Join: nihil simplex, 
 nihil sincerum, id. Att. 10, 6: v. soiple. 
 4. niidus : v. naked, plain. To 
 tell an u. tale, simpliciter et libere 
 verum dicere, loqui, CSc (from Kr.). 
 
 unveil: I. Lit. : 1, det«go, 
 xi, ctum, J : to u. the face, d. faciem. 
 Suet. N'er. 48 : v. UNCOVES, expose. 
 2. velamen alicujus capiti detraho, 
 Kr. after Mart, j, 4;, j. To u. one- 
 self, caput aperire, Cic. Phil. 2, ii, 77. 
 II. Fig.: To make manifest : 1. 
 nudo, I : Cic: v. expose. 2. de- 
 nudo, I : v. lay bare, disclose. 3. 
 patefacio, feci, factum, j ; truth u.'d, 
 Veritas p., id. SuU. 16, 45. 4. aperio, 
 erui, ertum, 4: id. Fin. 1,9. ^o: v. re- 
 veal. I'.'d, niidus: u.'d icords, verba 
 n„ Plin. Ep. 4, 14. 
 
 unwalled : * muro, moenibus non 
 cinctus, septus, circumdatus, etc. ; im- 
 miiDitus (unfortified) ; Liv. To be u. 
 
 (of a city), esse sine muris, Liv. J9, 
 31- 
 
 unwarily : imprudenter, incaute, 
 inconsulle, tgm6re : Caes. ; Cic. : Liv. 
 
 unwariness ; imprudentia : Caes, : 
 Cic. 
 
 unwarlike: ImbeUis : Cic: Liv,; 
 Sail.: V. peaceful. 
 
 unwarrantable: iniquus, injustus: 
 V. unjustifiable. 
 
 unwarrantably: precario: to gain 
 possession u., p. possidere, Cic. Caec. J2, 
 92. 
 
 unwarranted: I. ^ot war- 
 
 ranted (of a purdiase"): non saiisda- 
 tum : Cic. : Dig. : v. guarantee, war- 
 rant. II, Not ascertained, uncertain : 
 incertus, sine auctore editus, sine tide 
 jactatus, nuUo certo auctore allatus: v. 
 uncertain, unfounded. 
 
 unwary : imprudens, incautus, in- 
 coiisultus, temgrarius: v. incautious. 
 
 unwashed : ii lotus : u. servants, 
 
 1. ministri. Mart. 8. 67, 5 : to toueh with 
 u. hands, i. manibus tractare, Plaut. 
 
 Poen. I, 2, lOJ : V. DIRTT. 
 
 unwearied : 1. indgfessus : an «. 
 right hand, i. dextra, Virg. Aen. 11, 
 151 : Ov. : Join: i. et assiduus, Tac. 
 Ann. 16, 22. 2. impiger (of cha- 
 racter) : u. in action, i. manu, Tac. 
 
 Ann. i, 20: V. INDEFATIGABLE. 3. 
 
 sedulus : V. industrious. 4, assi- 
 duus : u. and careful writing, a. et 
 diligens scriptura, Cic Or. i, ?j, 150: 
 V. uNREMiTriSG. 5. slfcnuus : V. 
 
 vigorous, ACTIVE. 
 
 unweave : retexo, xui, xtum, j ; 
 
 to u. her web, telam r., Cic. Acad. 2, 29, 
 fin. 
 
 unwelcome ; non acceptus, ingra- 
 tus, injuLundus : v. unacceptable, dis- 
 agreeable. 
 
 unwell : aeger, Invalidus, inBnnus ; 
 V. ILL, SK.K. Phr.: / am very u., sum 
 admodum infirmus, Cic. Ac. i, 4, 14; 
 I feel u., male est animo, Plaut. Cure. 
 
 2, J, ?? : / am getting u., male fit 
 animo. id. Rud. 2, 6, 26. 
 
 unwept : 1. infletus : a crowd 
 unburied and u., inhumata infletaque 
 turba, Virg. Aen. 11, 572. 2. inde- 
 fletus : M. spirits, i. animae, Ov. Met. 7, 
 611. 3. indeploratus : this head u., 
 caput hoc i., id. rrist. i, j, 46 'Jo be u. 
 (of a death), lacrimis vacare (mortem), 
 Cic Sen. 20, 7J. 
 
 unwholesome : 1. gravis, e : u. 
 food, g. cibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24. 2. 
 nocuus: an u. sea breeze, n. afflatus 
 maris, Plin. 17, 4, 2. 3. insalubris: 
 a most u. wine, Insaluberrimum vinum, 
 Plin. 2 J, I, 22 : v. unhealthy, indigest- 
 ible. 
 
 unwieldiness : inhabilis corporis 
 vasti moles, cf. Curt. 9, 2 : v. clumsi- 
 ness. 
 
 unwieldy : inhabilis, gravis, immo- 
 bilis : v. CLU.MSV. 
 
 unwilling : invltus : u. judges, i. 
 judices, Cic. Mur. 20, 42 : v. involun- 
 tary. To be u., nolo, nolui, nolle; 
 women are u. when you are u-illing, 
 xchen you are u. they desire, mulieres 
 noluiit ubi velis, ubi nolis cupiunt ultro, 
 Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 4? : v. to wish (not). 
 To be utterly u., abhorreo (with ^rep. 
 ab and gerund) : v. averse. 
 
 unwillingly: 1. invite (rare): 
 Cic. 2. non libenter : v. (against 
 one's) will. 3. gravate, Cic. 4i 
 gravatim (rare) : Liv. : Lucr. Mosttreq. 
 expr. by adj. invltus, non libens, agree- 
 ing with subject. To write letters u., 
 gravari litteras dare, Cic Fam. 7, 14. 
 Ve)\v u. perinvitus, Cic. ; Liv. 
 
 unwillingness : in class, prose 
 expr. by adj., adv., or v. Tert. uses 
 nolentia. 
 
 unwind : 1. revoivo, vulvi, vciu- 
 
 tum, } . they u. their threads, retro sua 
 fila r.. Sen. Here Fur. 182. 2. ''6- 
 texo, I: V. unweave. 3. explico, 
 
 avi (post.-Aug. ui), alum, or itum, i ; to 
 u. spindles, e. fusos. Mart. 4, 54, 10. 
 For reft., v. uncoil. 
 unwise : 1. insipiens : Qc. : Sen. 
 
 2. StUltUS: V. FOOLISH. 3. 1™'
 
 UNWISELY 
 
 UPHILL 
 
 prfidciis : V. RASR. 4. inconsaltus ■ 
 
 V. IKDISCREET. 
 
 unwisely: 1. inslpienter: Hunt.: 
 
 Cic. 2. Stulte: V. FrKjUSHLV. 3. 
 
 m&lg : if he leave Italy he "-ill act 
 altogether u., s\ iste Italiain reliiiquet 
 faciet omiiino male, Attic, in Cic. Atu 
 9> lo. 
 
 unwittingly : expr. by adj., im- 
 prudens : v. unconsciously, inadvert- 
 ently. 
 
 unwished for : non optatns : v. 
 
 WISHED HiB. 
 
 unwithered : vggetus, integer : v. 
 
 FRESH. 
 
 unwittily : 1. inlScete : Veil. : 
 Plin. 2. insulse : Cic. v. tasteless- 
 ly. 3. ineple; Cic: v. imhroherly. 
 foolishly. 
 
 unwitty : 1. Infiicetus: anotu. 
 lie, non i. mendaciuni, Cic. Coel. 29, 69. 
 
 2. insulsus: v. tastelkss. insipid. 
 
 3, Ineptus: v. silly, absurd. 
 unwomanly. "Wi mnliebns: V. 
 
 womanly: ur expr. by circiiml. : v. 
 WOMAN. It is u.,*niin mulieris est. 
 
 unwonted: insdlUus, insuStus, Inu- 
 sitatus : v. unusual. 
 
 unworthily : 1. Indlfine : Plant. : 
 Ter. : Caes. ; Cic. 2. initigniter; 
 
 Anthol. 1-at. 3. indigimni in modum, 
 Liv. 29, 9. 4. indignis niodis, Ter. 
 Ad. 2, I, 12. 
 
 unworthiness : 1. indignltas: 
 
 no one nas reje'tedfor u., nemo propter 
 i. rejectus est, Cic. Caec. 19, 6j. 2. 
 vililas : v hasenkss, meanness. 
 
 unworthy : 1. indigmis (in good 
 and bad sense, unbecoming, unde- 
 serred) : constr. abs. with alii., or qui 
 with subj. ; Livy only uses ut will) 
 subj. ; Ihe poets u>e tbe inf. : cf. L. G. 
 } J20 and 480: any one. however «., 
 may have riches, divitias quivis, quam- 
 vis i., habere potest, Cic. Tusc. 5, 16. 
 46: were u. to gain thfir request, i. 
 erant qui imiwtrarent, id. Rose. Am. 41, 
 119 : dfeds M. of our race, iiidigna geiiere 
 nostro, Ter. Ad. ?, 4, 44: we tiere u. of 
 being redeemed by you, i. ut a vobis redi- 
 meremur, \Av. 22, 59 : thighs u. of being 
 hurt, i. laedi crura, Ov. Met. I, ;o8. 
 2. imniCritus : u. to die, i. mori, 
 Hor. Od. !, 2, 21 (v. undf.servino) ; u. 
 praise^, laiide-i i., Liv, 4, ij. /;n.(v. un- 
 deserved) : why does my puiiishmetit 
 drag down the u. ? imtneritos cur mea 
 poena traliii .' Ov. Trist. i, 2, 58 : v. in- 
 nocent. 3. illienus : u. of a jvise 
 man, a. a s.ipicnte, Cic. .-icad. 2, 4}, 1 52 : 
 Ter.: u. of thai high character which 
 every one yircs me, a. ejus dignitatis 
 quam mihi quisque tribuil, Cic. Fin. 1, 
 4, II: u. of my character, a. existinia- 
 tlone mea. id. Att. 6, i. 4. vilis,, e • 
 V. WORTHLES.S: u. treatment or beha- 
 viour, iiiilignila*. Caes. B. G. 2. 4 Liv. 
 P h r. : til dii nothing u. of a philosopher, 
 nihil a dipnitate sapientls distedere, Cic. 
 Off. I, 20, b-. 
 
 unwrap : 1. expiico. i : v. un- 
 
 FOLI). 2. Bvdlvo, }: V. UNROLL. 3. 
 
 solvo involucrum {to loosen the wrap- 
 per) : l>ig 47, 2, 21. 
 
 unwritten: 1. non scriptus- 
 
 Cic. 2. inscriptus. Quint, j, 6, j6. 
 
 To leave u., * non scribere (Kr.). 
 
 unwrought : 1. rudis, e : u. 
 bronze, r. aes, Plin. j;. ?. i ?. 2, 
 
 infect us: u. silver (uncoined), i. arpen- 
 tum, Liv. J4, lo. Join: rudis et 1., 
 Petr. 1 14. 1' h r. . u. stone, vivum 
 saxuni, VirR. Aen. i, ift-j. 
 
 unvielding : obstlnatus, firmus, in- 
 flexibilis: v. inflexible, unconquer- 
 able. 
 
 unyoke : 1. abjungo, nxi, nctum, 
 i : to u. a Imllock, a. Juvencum, Virg. 
 Georp. ?, ;i8. 2. disjungo, j : Varr. : 
 Col.: Cic: Hor. 3. solvo, }: v. un- 
 harness. Or expr. by circuml. with 
 jugmu : e. p. (o u. urea, demere juga 
 bobus, Hor. Od. ?, 6, 4;. 
 
 up: Phr. : up the stream, adverso 
 fluniine, Virg. Georg. 1, lot : in adversum 
 flunicn, Caes B. G. 7, 60 : to bring corn up 
 the river Arar in vessels, frnmenium flu- 
 mine Arari gubvcbcrenavibuB, Caes. E.G. 
 
 I, -6: conveyed up the ttnam, flumine 
 adverso gubvecius. Liv. 24, 40: up the 
 stairs, conira bcalas, I'liii. 7, 20, 19 : 
 I live up three pair ofstaiit, bcalis ha- 
 bito tribus, Mart, i, no up the hill: 
 V. uphill: they charye up the hill, 
 erigunt acicm pt-r ailv.r>uni colli-ni, Tac. 
 Hist. J, 71 : he will go up mountains, 
 ibit in adversos niontes, Ov. .\ni. i, 9. 11 : 
 part of tlie camp rising gently up Out hill, 
 pars castroruin leniler in tolli'm ex.sur- 
 gens, Tac. Hist. 4, 2} : up the couidiy, 
 in Interiora (rcgni), Liv. 42, 59 : triUs 
 who live up the coutitry, interiures iia- 
 tii'nes, Cic. Manil. 12, 64 : to rite up 
 against us, coorlrl in nos, Tac. Hi.-t. 1,2: 
 exsurpere adversus. contra, ib. 2. 76 : v. 
 TO REBEL, insurrection. Ip and duwn, 
 sursum deorsum, Cic. N. l>. 2, n, 84: 
 Ter. : to nalk upauddoim, inambulo. i ; 
 
 Liv. 40, 8: V. BACKWARDS. FORWARDS. 
 
 Bigh up, sursum, Varr. Ter. : v. hi<;h, 
 above. I'p is generally expr. in l^itln 
 by siib-, or e-, ex-, con-, in comp. with a 
 verb: e. g. to get, rise, stand up, snrgo, 
 exsurpo, v. cet, rise, stand: to lift up, 
 sublSvo, V. lii-t: to hold up, susteiiio, 
 sustineo v. uphold, support: to look 
 up, su«picio, V. LOOK : to Uad up, sub- 
 dnco, erigo, V. lead: to bring up (to 
 rear), cduci>, v. kkin<;, rear, educate. 
 to bring up (to vomit), emolior, v. spit, 
 VOMIT : til Set, raise up, erIgo, v. set, 
 raise, erect: to climb up, escendo, 
 enitor. v. ci-rMB, mount : to exd up, 
 comedo, V. EAT to drink up, coinbilxi, 
 eblbo. V. drink : to burn up, comburo, 
 V. BiTRN : to use, take up, consumo, 
 confijio, V use . to snatch up, corripio, 
 V. snatch: etc To take up (position, 
 space, room), occiipo, v. occupy, take: 
 to come up with, C"ns6quor, asseqiior, v. 
 OVERTAKE. To keep up with: v keep. 
 From my duldhoiid, youth, up, a par- 
 vulo, pupro, juvene • v. ohildhwid, 
 YOUTH, 'lo sit up, vigilo; v. awake, 
 
 TO WATCH. 
 
 up to : tgnus (with abl., more rarely 
 gen., always placed after Us case): 
 ! in itr/nw places the -untfr was up to 
 the waist (nai'el), alibi umbilito tenus 
 aqua feral, Liv. 26, 45, extr. : he plunged 
 his sioord up to the hilt in his side, 
 lateri capulo tenus abdidit cn.sein, Virg. 
 Aen. 2. 55?. Tn came up to (lit. and 
 fig.), aequo, l : the rivfr nas so high 
 ""it it came up to the top oti the horS'S' 
 ^leasts, fluniiiils altitudo sunima equo- 
 runi ppctora ae,. Curt. 4. 9, 15: bonlcs 
 which already almnst come up to tluise 
 (i. e. equal in merit), llbri qui Jam illos 
 fere ae., Cic. Off. i, I, i • v. to K.yu.vL. 
 To trace up to, repeto a : nostrum hunc 
 populum hesterno sermone a sllrpe repp- 
 tivit, id. Rep. j, I2,/>1. I'p to (of time), 
 usque ad : v. tjKTiL. 
 
 upbraid : \. To reprove justly : 
 
 1. lastigo verbis, Cic. Off. I, 2;, 88: 
 castigo, id. de Or. I, 41, 185. 2. ob- 
 Jurgo, I : id. Am. 24,88: v. to reprove, 
 REPROACH, CHIDE. ||. 'i'o abuse, rail 
 at : 1 objuipo. I : they u. as if they 
 hated, sic o. qua.si oderint, (jniiit. 2, 2, 
 9 : Plant. 2. exprobro, 1 : those very 
 letters seem as it were to u. me, illae ipsae 
 Utterae quasi e. mihi vidintur, Cic. Fain. 
 5, i;: to u. you u-ith your miffortun'S 
 in loar, sibi casus bellicos e., id Verr. 5, 
 50. 1 5 2. 3. increpo. ul.ltum, l Plaut.: 
 Liv. :. Sail. : v. tochide. 4. I'lC^plto. 
 I Caes. : Virg. : with vocibus. verbis : 
 Caes. Liv. : v. to scold. 5. objicio, 
 jcci, jpctum. } (with dat. of pers., ace. 
 of ground of censure): he u.s me with 
 having been at Raiae, i>. mihi me ad 
 Baias'fuisse.Cic. Att. i. 18 : v. to taunt. 
 To u. ivJiemently, corripio. ripui, reptiim, 
 J : Cic. : Liv. . v. to kk\ n.i:. kail at. 
 
 upbraider: exprobrator, exprobrS- 
 tri.x : Sen. : or expr. by verb. 
 
 upbraiding: exprobnitlo . Liv.: 
 Ter.: Plin. 
 
 uphill : adversus clivuni, Caes. B. G. 
 i, 46 : Plaut. : adverso colic. Sjdl. .L 52 : 
 advorsus nicniieni, Ca<s. B.C. i. 46: Ae 
 leads his army u., eripit apmen In ad- 
 vprsuni clivum. Liv 9. ?I,./in. : to It-ad 
 the line u., crigere aciem in collem, Tac 
 
 UPPERMOST 
 
 Hist. 4, 71. Viiihsubs, accUvit ot u^ 
 arduub : that part if Die road u quite u., 
 ea viae pars est valde accliTU, Cic(^. Vt. 
 J, I, 2 V. steep. 
 
 uphold : Lit. and FM g. : susUiieo, 2 , 
 suslento, 1; fukio, 4, Fig.; biaUlio, 
 4 v. TO support. 
 
 ^upholsterer: *qui concUvia ornai, 
 Kr.: * -bi« lliftills -'pifex (o uoiL-ing 
 u.) : *qui ^upt:ll•-clil«-m venditat. 
 
 upland: 1. Cditus: u. disirieU, 
 edita, lac. Ann. 15, 27. 2. moiiiinus; 
 an u. field, m. ager, Varr. R. R. I, 6: y, 
 
 HIGHLAND. 
 
 upon : 1. sQper ( local, and al&o 
 used acxumulatlvely, and ol ab»tract re- 
 lation, concerning): constr. with aec. 
 chiefly after verl« implying motion or 
 extension, and with alii. : to tit u. a 
 inaJ,e, a. asfiid'-ni as.-'idere, Cic Kin. z, 
 18, 59: to be ihroiin hrad'orrmost u. the 
 Stakes, 8. vallum praeclpitari. .Sail. Jug. 
 58: V. OVER lu rest u. giern hribage, 
 requiesiere fronde s. virldi, Virg. Kcl. i, 
 81 : plaiing fresh lugt u. the hearth, 
 lipna 3. fuco rejtonens, H»r. (kX. i, 9, J: 
 kisses u. kisses, savia ». savia, piaut. 
 Pseud. 4, I, j8- they are slamMrred 
 one u. another, alii s. alios trniiAiniur, 
 Liv. I, 50: / iciW leriU u. f/ii.< mlfject, 
 hac s. re scribam, Cic Att 16, 6 (in this 
 sense de is more common : v. coK- 
 CERNING, ABOUT): also ill Comp. : e. g. 
 to sit u., siJpersMeo : to stand u. su- 
 persto V. SIT. STAND. 2. f. ex (in 
 
 the sense of imm^tiatrly after and ac- 
 cording to) : cheapnits followed uj^in the 
 greattst siarcity and dearrvis, viliias r 
 summa inopia el caritate consecuta est, 
 Cic. Jlanil. 15, 44: u;<on Hompey's re- 
 commendation, e commeiidatioDe Pom- 
 peiL .Suet. Caes. 75. 3. a. 4b : in tbe 
 phrases, u. the Ujt, the right, the flank, 
 etc., a laeva, dextra. latere, etc. : also lo 
 to be upon any oiu's side, stare, esse, ab 
 allquo: tod'pend u., pendere a: v. on. 
 4. in (wiih abl.): u. Ihe u-hoie, 
 in tolo, Cic. Att. ij. 20, fin.: v. o». 
 rpon is often expr. by prrp. In in 
 comp. with verbs: e. g. to ruth u., 
 irruo: to fall, light, u.. incido : to 
 jilay u. (nf wind instruments), inflo: 
 to put, impose, u.. Impono: to put u. a 
 level with, in aequo punere (with dat.\ 
 Liv. jg. 5P, fin. : to dwell u.. Insisio, 
 Cic. Vcrr. j, 47. 5, ad . u. the ukoU, 
 ad suinmam, Cic. All. 14, i : u. (in 
 cimsequrnce of) this Caesar pardoned 
 them, ad ea Caesar veniam illis tribult. 
 Tac. Ann. 12, 17. 6. sub (just ajtrr) : 
 u. this he said, sub hoc inqcii, Hu'r. Sat. 
 2, 8, 4; also u. coti(ii<ion that . . . not, 
 sub ea condillone ne . . ., Cic. Arch. le, 
 25. Mi seel 1. Phr.: u. any terms, 
 uUa condltione, Cic. Fin. 5, 20. ??: u. 
 my honour, do tideni, Ter. Kuii. 5, 9, ;o : 
 V. honour : II. his hiees, geiilbus niiiKT, 
 Hor. Kp. 1, 1;, 28. u. lejif-tiun, etc., 
 may often lie expr. by the dat. of tbe 
 pres. part, of c«rresponding verb: v. 
 REFLECT: u. this (in aiiitinuutlon of a 
 narrative) Is often to be rendered by tbe 
 abl. abs. witb a rel. : v. THtREUPoN, 
 
 WHKRKfPON. 
 
 unrer : 1. sflpf rus (osp. of aSrial 
 and <tlesiial things and persons, or of 
 the wtv 1(1 opjiosiHi to Ihe lower regiomO: 
 Cic: Virg. v. auovj:. higher. 2. 
 sJiperiiir: an u. room, s. cacnaculum. 
 Plant. Am. }. 1, J (Ae u. part vf the 
 hill. s. pars collis, Caes. B. G. 7. 46 ail 
 the u.part 0/ the house is unoccupied, 
 tola doiiiiis s. vacat, Cic. Att. 12. 10: 
 all Ihe u. pirt of the Circus, sumratu 
 Circus, Ov. Kast 6, 2o^. I'hr. : the u. 
 clas.'es, •oniims bup«Tiores, amplioras- 
 to get the u.hand, supfro, vinco. tnpe- 
 rior discedo v. ovkr(y>iie, cosvUEa! 
 on the u. side, supra v. abo> r. [dm 
 thf] T(ip : the u. part, superficies, nin. 
 
 uppermost: 1. suinmus: v.top- 
 >io>T. 2. supK'mus (uf 11 AaJ is atxne 
 in the air o"- heaven") : v. highest. 
 3. primus tof oidrr. rar.k): v. 
 FIRST. Phr.: to say tehat amrs u., 
 loquor qu<d in solum ut dicituT, Cic. 
 F»ni. 9. 36 : quod io buixam vpiiit, kl. 
 Att. I, I2,>n. 
 
 907
 
 UPPISH 
 
 USE 
 
 US ELESSLY 
 
 uppish. I siiperbus, airogans : v. con- 
 ceited. 
 
 uprigllt (subs.) ; architect. 1. 1. : lig- 
 num statulum . U.S and crois-beams, t. s. 
 et transversaria, Vitr. 8, 6. 
 
 upright (adj.): I. I'it-^. 1. 
 
 rectus: u. pillars, r. columnae. Cic. Q. 
 Fr. J, I Ov. : Quint. 2. erectus : Cic. : 
 an a. carriage, e. incessus, Tac. Hist, i, 
 
 Lt . To place (si>ears) u., erigere (hastas), 
 iv. I, z-]. II. K i g. : 1. probus (of 
 persons; : Plant. : Ter. ; Cic. 2. rec- 
 tus : vien of u. character, r. iiigenia, Plin. 
 Ep. 4,7. 3. integer : Cic. : Hor. 4. 
 bonus: V. GOOi>. 5. Justus: v. just. 
 Join: Justus et bonus, Cic. Off. 2, 12, 41. 
 6. honestus : v. honourable. 7. 
 incorruptus ■ an u. decision, i. judicium, 
 Liv. 4, 6. 8. innocens, ntis : an u. 
 and hardworking man, vir i. et inilus- 
 irius, Suet. Vit. z : Cic. : Sail. : Plin. 
 uprightly. !• Lit.: recte: Plin. 
 II, Fig.- 1, recte : v. RiGHTLr. 
 2. 'int«gre : Cic. . v. honestly. 3. 
 incorrupte Cic. 
 
 mrightness: 1. prSbitas: Cic. 
 lie Or. I, 26. fin. 2. innocentia: Cic. 
 iHanil. It, j6: Caes. 3. integritas: 
 V. iNTEGRrrr, innocence. 4, bOnes- 
 
 tas • V. NOBLENESS. 
 
 uproar: clamor, tiiraultus, turbae; 
 
 V. NOISE, TUMULT, DISTURBANCE. 
 
 uproot : evello, raiicitus tollo, radi- 
 citus effodio, radicitus e.xtraho, radicitus 
 excutio, funditus evpllo, funditus tollo : 
 
 V. TO ERADICATE, TO EXTIRPATE. 
 
 upset: 1. everU), ti, sum, }: the 
 maxims thoroughly u. friendships, prae- 
 cepta funditus e. amicitias, Cic. Fin. 2, 
 25, 80. 2. subverto, j : to u. the table., 
 s. mensam. Suet. Ner. 47. 3. inverto, 
 ; : to u. wine flasks, i. vinaria, Hor. Sat. 
 2, 8, J9. 4. sttriio: v. throw [down], 
 
 OVERTHROW, SUBVERT, OVERTURN. 
 
 upshot: exitus, eventus: v. issue, 
 
 RESULT, EVENT. 
 
 U'>Side ; Pbr. : to turn 11. doiim, ima 
 summis miscere, summa imis confun- 
 dere, omnia turbare et miscere, coe- 
 lum et terras miscere, immuto, sursum 
 deorsum versare, quod sursum est deor- 
 sum facere: v. to turn upside down, 
 
 TOPSy-TURVT. 
 
 upstart: 1. homo novus: Cic. 
 
 Join : homo ignotus et novus, Cic. Kep. 
 1,1. 2. terrae filius: of. Cic. Fam. 9, 
 7, extr. 
 
 upwards : I. of direction : 1. 
 sursum : Plant. : Cat. 2. sursum 
 
 versus : Cic. 3. sublinifi : to be borne 
 u., 8. ferri, Cic. Tusc. i, 17, 40 : Liv. : v. 
 ALOFT. P h r. : a face turned u., sub- 
 lime OS, Ov. Met. I, 8). The palms 
 turned u., manus supinae, Virg. Aen. 
 }, 170. Tuned u. (of snouts, horns): 
 resimus, Col. • Ov. : Plin. : repandus. 
 Sloping u., acclivis or us : Caes. : Cic. : 
 Ov. II. Of number: amplius, plus ; 
 
 V. ABOVE, MORE. 
 
 urbanity : urbanitas, comitas : v. 
 
 POLITENESS. 
 
 urchin : f. ^ hedge-hog : erina- 
 
 ceus : Plin. 8, ?7, 56. ||, A boy (in a 
 diminutive sense) : 1, puerulus : 
 
 Cic. 2. piipulus: Cat. 56, 5. 3. 
 pupus : Varr. 4. pusio, onis, m. : 
 Cic. : Juv. 5. frustrum pueri ^a bit 
 of a boy) -. Plant. Pers. ;, 2, 67. 
 
 urge: I. To press upon in a hostile 
 manner : 1, insto, stiti, i ; titey were 
 u.ing the foe more vehemently, hostes 1. 
 instabant. Caes. B. C. j, 4;. 2. urgeo, 
 ursi, 2 ; Cic. : Sail. Join: insto et u., 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 4??: v. to prkss upon. 
 II, To drive, hasten, impel : 1, 
 argeo : to u. the cavalry against the town, 
 equites in oppidum u.. And. B. Afr. 92. 
 2, impello, puli, pulsum, j : to m. 
 forward a ship, i. navem, Virg. Aen. 5, 
 119. Also fig. . he ii.d the men to dis- 
 honesty, in fraudem homines i., Cic. Pis. 
 I. I. Ill, To insist on (a point or 
 urgument) : 1, urgeo : Cic. Q. Fr. ?, 
 9. 2. suadeo, 2, hortor, i : to u. tlie 
 
 necessity of peace, pacem s., Cic. Fam. 
 7, j; pacem h., id. Ait. 7, i7,,/i«. |V. 
 To advise strongly, entreat or bid ear- 
 
 nettly : to u. any one to summe con- 
 
 908 
 
 tendo ab aliquo ut or de wiili ger- 
 undive : Cic. : acerrime suadeo cui ut. . . 
 or ne...: Veil.: v. solicit, entreat, 
 PRESS. P h r. : to u. the plea of bad 
 health, excusare valetudinem, Liv. 6, 
 22 ; Cic. : Suet. : Tac. : Hor. : to u. the 
 plea (or excuse) of business, negotia cau- 
 sari, Tac. Ann. I, ^l.fin.: v. to plead. 
 
 urge on : stimQlo, i , incite, I, im- 
 pello, J, instigo, I . v. to incite, stimu- 
 late, (//ftorses: admitto, i: V. gallop. 
 
 urgent : 1. gravis : v. weighty, 
 important. 2. instans, ntis : u. 
 
 argument, i. argumentatio, Quint. 11, j, 
 med. : Tac, 3. praesens, ntis : an u. 
 matter, p. res, Liv. 2, ?6 ; u. danger, 
 p. periculum, Cic. : v. pressing. P h r. : 
 most u. prayers, curaiissimae preces, 
 Tac. Ann. i. u : whose need was most u., 
 quibus summa necessitudo. Sail. Cat. 17 : 
 to ply with u. entreaty, multa prece 
 prosequi, Hor. Od. 4, 5, !?. 
 
 urgently: 1. vehgmenter: Cic. 
 
 2. acriter : Cic. 3. "mni modo : 
 Cic. Often with verbs of entreating, 
 etc., expr. by joining two Lat. verbs : 
 e. g. to entreat u., orare et obsecrare, id. 
 Verr. 2, 17, 42 : v. earnestly, 
 
 urinal : matella (a chamber-pot) : 
 Man. 12, 12, 
 
 urinary : iirinalis : Coel. Aur. : Veg. 
 
 urine : 1. ilrlna . Cic. : Plin. : 
 
 Cels. 2. lotium : Cat. : Suet. 
 
 urn : 1. uma (any kind of u.) : 
 Cic. 2. hydria (o water-pot and 
 
 gen.): Cic: Inscr. 3. testa: v. jug, 
 pot. a cinerary u., olla ossuaria, Inscr. 
 Orell. 2896. 
 
 usage : mos, consuetude, usus : v. 
 custom. 
 
 use (subs.) : 1. iisus, us : cattle 
 were created for the u of mankind, 
 pecude.s ad hominum usnm procreatae, 
 Cic. Leg. I, 8, 2; : the necessari/ u.s of 
 parts of tlie bodii, parti um corporis ne- 
 cessarii u., id. Off. i, ??, 127 ; v. pur- 
 pose, experience. 2. iitilitas: even 
 if there is no u. in friendship, etiamsi 
 nulla est u. examicitia, id. Fin. i, 20.69: 
 have I the right u. of mi/ eyes or not? 
 satin' ego oculis u. obtineo sincere an 
 parum ? Plaut. Kpid. ;, i, 28. 3. fruc- 
 tus, US: Claut. ; v. enjoyment. 4. 
 
 commodum : v. profit, advantage. 
 5, usura: v. using, enjoyment. 
 Miscell. Phr. : To be of u., utilem 
 esse (v. useful): Usui esse, Cic. Rep. i, 
 20, jj : Liv. : ex usu esse, Caes. B. G. 
 I, 50: Cic: Ter.; praebere usum, Hor. 
 Sat. I, I, 75 ; praebere (mirabiles) utili- 
 tates: Cic. Att. 7, 5; conducere (v. to 
 SERVE, PROFIT); prodesse (v. to bene- 
 fit) ; ex re esse (alicui ut.), Plaut. Pseud. 
 
 1. }, loj ; juvare, adesse (v. assi.st) ; 
 valere (v. efficacious); esse utilitati, 
 Cic. (v. advantage, service); facere 
 (with prep., ad, or dat., or abs.), I'lin. 
 22, 18, 21 ; ib. 19, 22 : Quint. Solitude 
 is of u.. solitudo adjuvat, Cic. Att. 12, 
 14 ; Hor. It is of u. to plant, Juvat 
 couserere, Virg. Georg. 2, J7. To be 
 of great, much, u., niagno Usui esse 
 (alicui), Cic. Att. i, i ; bono usui esse, 
 Plant. Cure. 4, 2, 15 ; niagnos usus 
 afferre, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 152. It is of 
 
 the greatest u. to plurimum tacit 
 
 (with ace. and inf.). Quint. 6, 4, 8. To 
 be of no less u., mm miiiorem uitili- 
 tatem afferre, Cic. Off. i , 2 ! . 79. For th is 
 purpose lou-ne^s is of great u., quam 
 ad rem hnmilitas raultuni adiuvat, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, I. To be of no u.. iinitilem 
 esse (v. useless) ; usum nullum habere, 
 Cic. N. D. i, 2, I : or expr. by valere 
 attinere, prodesse, proficere, with neg. : 
 V. (OF no) avail. To make u. of: v. 
 to use, employ, apply. To groiv out 
 of u., exolesco, evi, etum, } : Liv. : 
 Tac. : Suet. Out of u. : desuetus, Liv. : 
 Quint. : Ov. : exoletus : v. obsolete, 
 DISUSE. In common u., usitatus : nords 
 in common u., u. vocabula, Cic. Fin. j, 
 
 2, 4. To come into u., invalesco. Quint. 
 10, 2, I?: in morem venio, Liv. 42, 21 : 
 V. fashion, customary, a false: II. (of 
 words), abusio, Auct. Her. 4, ?}. 4;. 
 A makiruj u., usurpatio, Cic. Brut. 71, 
 250: Liv. 
 
 use ("•)•■ I. To make u. of, emr- 
 ploy : 1. iitor, ilsus, i ; constr. with 
 abl.: to u. the eyes, oculis u., Plaut. 
 Kpist. I, I, 4: to u. diligence and zeal, 
 alacritate et studio u., Caes. B. G. 4, 24: 
 u. your opportunities, utere tempori- 
 bus, Ov. Trist. 4, j, 8} : we can u. the 
 name metaphorically, in aliis rebus pos- 
 surous u. vocabulo et nomine, Cic. de 
 Or. }, 40, 161 : to u. earnest entreaty, 
 prece et obsecratione u.. id. Inv. i, 16, 
 22. 2. abiitor, j (to u. thm-oughly, 
 or u. with a notion of impropriety or 
 lurong) : ive u. the keen scent of fiounds 
 for our own advantage, sagacitate cauum 
 ad nostram utilitatem a., Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 
 i;i : he uses all his ivickedness and 
 treachery for my ruin, omni suo scelere 
 et perfidia a. ad meum exitium, id. Att. 
 ?, 14. 3. usurpo, I : / wiU u. an 
 old word to express a new matter, inter 
 novam rem verbum usurpabo vetus, 
 Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 29: to M. a saying of 
 Solon's, ut Solonis dictum usurpein, Cic. 
 Ep. ad Brut. 15. 4. adhibeo, 2 (to 
 apply to a purpose) : to u. all diligence 
 for recorery, a. omnem diligentiam ad 
 convalescendum, id. Fam. 16, 9; Caes. 
 5. conffiro, } (with ad) : v. apply, 
 DEVOTE. 6. i" usum verto (to make 
 anything serve a purpose for which it 
 was not originally designed) : v. con- 
 vert. 7. habeo, 2 (rare in this 
 sense) : riches u.d with moderation, 
 divitiae modeste habitae, Tac. Ann. 4, 
 44: Ov. II. To treat: 1. tracto, 1: 
 a father badly u.d by his son. pater 
 parum pie tractatus a filio, Cic. Coel. 
 2, J : to u. you as you deserve, te, ut 
 merita es de me, tractare, Plaut. Asia. 
 I, i, 8. 2. habeo, 2: v. treat. 
 
 for: 1. adhibeo: v. use. 
 
 2. consQmo: v, spend (upon). 
 
 up: conticio, cousumo: v. con- 
 sume. 
 
 used : "• to, with verb : suetus, as- 
 suetus, assuefactus : v. accustomed. / 
 am u., soleo. U. up, abusus, Plaut. 
 Asin. I, ;, 44. 
 
 useful : 1. iitn's, e (gen. term) • 
 a man u. for nothing, homo ad nuUam 
 rem u., Cic. Off. }, 6, 29 : he mixed the 
 u. with the pleasant, miscuit utile dulci, 
 Hor. A. P. HJ- 2. salutaris, salubris : 
 V. wholesome, beneficial. Join: 
 utilis et s., Cic. N. D. 1, i;. 3. effi- 
 cax ■ Hor. ; Plin. : v. efficacious. 4. 
 commodus, aptus, accommodatus, ido- 
 neus: v. fit, serviceable, convenient, 
 suitable. Phr.: to be u., usui esse: 
 to be u. to the state, usui esse civitati. 
 Cic. Rep. I, 20, I J ; to be very u., magno 
 Usui esse, id. Att. 1,1: no one is more 
 u. to you, magis ex usu tuo nemo est, 
 Ter. Kun. 5,9,47: proficere, Cic. : Liv.; 
 V. [to be of] use: / will make you 
 see hoiu u. I can be, utilitatem ego faciam 
 ut cognoscas meam, Ter. Eun. 2, ?, 17 : 
 to keep what is u. in war and honour- 
 able in peace, utilitatem belli et pacis 
 dignitatem retinere, Cic. Mauil. 6, 14. 
 Vei-y u. works, perutilia opera, Cic. Att. 
 
 9, 17. /'"• 
 
 usefully : 1. utiliter : Cic. : 
 
 Quint. : Hor. : Ov. 3. comm6de, 
 
 apte: v. FriLY. To employ u.: recte 
 uti: Cic. 
 
 usefulness: _ 1. fitnitas: Cic: 
 
 Hor. 2. iisus, us : on account of his 
 u. to me, propter meum usum (ejus), 
 Cic. Alt. 7, 5 : V. USE, utiuty. 3. 
 rommoditas: v. fitness, benefit. 
 
 useless: 1. inutilis, e: Caes.: 
 Cic. : Hor. 2, casstis (empty) : u. toils, 
 c. labores, Plin. Ep. 8, 2? : u. prayers, c. 
 votn, Virg. Aen. 12, 780. 3. inanis, 
 vanus : v. vain, empty. 4. irritus 
 i^ineffecttMl) : a u. undertaking, i. in- 
 ceptum, Liv. 29, J5. 5. incommOdus, 
 Tnhabilis : v. unfit. To he u. : nihil 
 valere, nihil proficere, usum nullum 
 habere: v. to use. A u.feltow, homo 
 ad nullam rem utilis, Cic. Off. j, 6, 29. 
 U. may be expr. by circuml. with adv. 
 frustra, inc^ssum. To make u. : frus- 
 trari : Col. : v. frustrate. 
 
 uselessly : 1. frustra : Cic. . 
 
 Plauu 2. nequicquam or nequid-.
 
 USELESSN KSS 
 
 UTTEB 
 
 VACANCY 
 
 qaani: Caes,: Cic. : Virg. 3. incas- 
 oum: Plant.: Li v. 4 'fac. 4. Tnuti- 
 
 liter (only alter non) . Liv. j, ;i ■ Quint. 
 
 5. futile: I'laut. Sticb. 2, 2. 7J. 
 
 6. inriiiiler: Cic: lior.: Ov. : v. 
 
 ▼AINI.V, WORTHLKSSLV. 
 
 nselessness : 1. inutiiitas: puW 
 
 would lie neiiUcUd on acyjuiit o/its u., 
 aurum jacchat propter i., Lucr. 5, 1274. 
 2. fiitlUias (rare) . Cic. N. 1). 2, 28, 
 ■JO. 3. inanitas (rare) ; v. empti- 
 
 KESS. 
 
 usher: I. f^if a court: *qui 
 
 oflBcio admissioiiis fungitur: cf. Suet. 
 Vesp. 14 • or, magister udmissionum, 
 Amm. : v. CHAMBKRi.AtN. Or expr. by 
 ti«r6 introdiico : cf. Curt. 6, 7. Adnils- 
 sionalis, introductor, are late. ||, An 
 assistant master : 1. ndjfitor: Quint. 
 2. 5, J. 2, liSfpodTdasdllus Cic. Kain. 
 9. 18. 3. sulxloctor: A us. To teach 
 any one as an u., siibdocore aliquem, 
 Cic. Att. B, 4. [X.B.— O.^tiarius (a 
 porter) from whom u. is derived must 
 not be used in tbis sen.se.] 
 
 usher in: I. I-'''.: 1. intro- 
 
 diico, xi, ctiim, j (with prep. ad): to u. 
 
 in to the kitig, i. ad rcgem. Curt. 6, 7. 
 
 2. deduce in conspectum aliciijus: 
 
 Caes. B.C. i, 22. ||. Fig.: infCro: 
 
 V, BBING ON, INTHdDOCK. 
 
 usual ; 1. usitatus : to transgress 
 in the u. vajt, u. more peccare, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, ?. 9 : it is u., u. est, ib. 5, 44, 
 117. 2. sCHtus: a u. custom, s. mos, 
 Ov. Her. 21. 127. more than u., plus 
 solitu, ib IS. 47 Liv.. u. honours, s. 
 honores, Tac.Aim. 1,5. 3. coiisni^tus: 
 he restraineil his pussinns from their it. 
 excess, aninium a con.sueta lubidine con- 
 tinuit, Sail. Jug. i;, extr. : poet. 4. 
 assueius: farther than u., longius as- 
 sueto, Ov."Her. 6, 72. 5. tritus (of 
 language) : Cic. Join: t. et celebra- 
 tum, id. Klacc. 27, 65. 6. -ollennis, e 
 (■madf. cwstirmai If by regular repetition) : 
 Hor. . Suet. : subs. : let us keep to our u. 
 custom, nosiruin illud s. servemus, Cic. 
 Att. 7, 6. 7. vulgilris, e: v. common. 
 8 qu6t\iiia.n\iii {of daily occurrence): 
 u. shapes, q. formae, Ter. Eun. 2, ?, 6: 
 Cic. 9. commiiiiis, e : Quint. 9, 26: v. 
 COMMON. Usual is often to be rendered 
 by verb s61eo or suesco, or subs, consue- 
 tude : e. g. which are the u. indications 
 of poison, quae indicia et vestigia esse 
 Solent veneni, Cic. Clu. 10, jo: as is u. 
 in such cases, quod in tali re fieri .solet. 
 Sail. Jug. 15, extr. : as is tt., ut assolet, 
 Liv. J7, 14 : Cic. : ut solet, id. Clu. 59, 
 161 : as is u. in reyularlii established 
 sacred rites, iKWi in solleniiibus sacris 
 fieri consuevU, Sail Cat. 2Z : as vas u. 
 n-ith him {according to his custom), 
 consuetudine sua, Caes. B. G. 2, 19: ex 
 consuetudine sua Caes. B. G. i, 52 : ac- 
 cording to my u. practice, pro mea con- 
 suetudine, Cic. Arch. 12, fin. : as is u., ut 
 est consuetiuio, Cic. Caecin. 8, 2}: they 
 reported that there seemed to be more dust 
 than u., reiiuntiaverunt majoreni pul- 
 verem quam consuetude ferret vlderi, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, ?2. In prose, than u. 
 should gen. be expr. by quam soleo: v. 
 
 OBDINARV, CCSTOMARY, OKSERAL : in the 
 
 u. way. usitate, Cic. Kin. 4, 26, 72 : 
 soUenniter, I'lin. 8, i, i : veni «., pervul- 
 gatus, Cic. Kam. s, 16. [N.B. — Usualis 
 is late.] 
 
 usually : 1. '•^fe ■ he u. stays in 
 the country, niri fere se coiitinet, Ter. 
 Phorm. 2, J, 16 : as u. happens, ut t. fit, 
 Cic. Inv. 2. 4, 14: this ts u. the ccLse, 
 hoc sic fieri solet. id. Manil. 9, 24. 
 Join: f. plerum(iue. Ter. Phorm. i, 2, 
 ^9- 2. plerumque: v. mosti^v. 3. 
 vulgo: Quint. 19, 2. 8: v. generallv. 
 Often to be rendered by circuml. with 
 verb soleo, siiesro, etc. : e. g. as u. hap- 
 pens, ut fieri solet. Cic. Verr. ;, 26, 6? . 
 since truth u. affords evidence 0/ itself, 
 qunm multa assoleat Veritas praebere 
 vesiigia siii, Liv. 40, 54, ./in. . v. com- 
 monly, OKNICRAI.LY, ORUINARILY. 
 
 usuca^tion : I-iegal 1. 1. .- 1. usu- 
 capio: Cic. Leg. I, 21, ?5 : v. Diet. Ant. 
 l2l^, seqq. 2. usus et auctoritas Cic. 
 Caecin. 19, $4 : usus auctorataa. id. Top. 
 
 4. 2; : to otriain posuttion by u., usu- 
 capere, Plin. Ep. 5, I : Cic. 
 
 usufruct : usus et fructus, Cic. 
 Caecin. 7, iiy: u.sus fructustpie. Sen. Ep. 
 75. fin.; and more Ireq. u^usirucius, 
 Cic."Caecin. 4, 11: v. Diet. Am. 1221, 
 seqq. : one ithn enjoys the u.: v. csu- 
 
 FBLCTLAKV. 
 
 usufructuary: ilsflfructuarius ■ Ulp. 
 
 i>ig- 7. '. r 
 
 usurer : 1. fcnSrator (one who 
 leruls 0)1 interest): Cic. OCT. I, 41, i;o: 
 f acerbissinius. Id. Att. 6, t. 2. '<> 
 cullio (in very bad sense): Cic. Att. 2, 1, 
 extr. Fenerarius is late. To be a u., 
 fenerarl : v. to lend. 
 
 usurious: fSnJraterius; Fig.: ava- 
 rus et feiieralorius . Val. Ma.x. 2, 6, 1 1. 
 
 usurp : 1. invade, si, sum, } : 
 
 constr. with i)i and ace. or simple ace. : 
 to u. the titk of Manus, i. in tinmen 
 Marii, Cic. I'hil. I, i : <o u. tlie dictator- 
 ship, i. dictaturam. Suet. Caes. 9. 2. 
 vindico, i (with dot. of rejt. pron.) : v. 
 asscme, AFFROPRIATE. 3. assiimo, } : 
 V. ASSUME, AitBofjATE. 4. ii>urpo. I : 
 u.ing the citizenship of Home, clvltatem 
 Komanam usurpantes. Suet. Claud. 25 : 
 Cod. Justin.: Ulp. Phr. : to u. the 
 sovereignty, occupare regiium, Cic. Am. 
 12, 40: to u. the government, occupare 
 tyrannidem, id. Off. }, 2?, 90. To u. 
 forcibly, per vim et usurpationem viD- 
 dicare. Cod. Ju:itin. i, 4 6. 
 
 usurpation : usurpatio: Cod. Justin. 
 
 usurper: iisuqwtor- Amm. Better 
 expr. Iiy circuml. wiih verb.: v. usURf 
 
 usury : 1, iisura {what is paid 
 
 for use of money by the debtor) : v. tN- 
 TEREST. 2. fcniriiiio (o lending on 
 interest) : Cic. Flac. 2 ;, 56. 3. fenus. 
 Oris, n. {interest receitvd on money 
 lent): to keep increasing your capital 
 by u., pecunias fenere auciitare, Tac. 
 Ann. 6, 16. To lend motwy to any one 
 at u., pecunias alicui fenori dare, Cic. 
 Verr, 2,»7o, 170. To practise u., fenus 
 agitare, Tac. Germ. 26 : fenerari (v. to 
 LEND): fenus exercere, id. Ann. 6, 16. 
 
 utensils: 1. utcnsilia. ium, n.p/. 
 (things for use, geu.) : Col. 12, praef 
 ^ J : Liv. : u. vasorum, Plin. 15, 11, 22. 
 
 2. siipellex, lectilis, /. {things for 
 household use) : Cic. : Ter. : Hor. : v. 
 CHATTEijj, FLRXiTUKE. 3. vasa, orum, 
 n. (vessels) : Ulp. Dig. J4, 2, 20 : kitchen 
 u., cequinateria v., Plin. jj. >lp49: esp. 
 of soldiers' necessaiies : Liv. 21, 47 : 
 Cic. : Sen. 4. instrflmentum : house- 
 hold u. and Jumiture, i. et supellex, 
 Cic. Verr. 4. 44, 97 : k-itclien u., i. cequi- 
 natorium, Ulp. Dig. 54, 2, 19 A cham- 
 ber «., matella. Mart. 12, J2. 
 
 uterine : fitCrinus : u. brothers, u. 
 fratres : Cod. Justin. 5, 61. 21. 
 I utilitarian: *qui summum et ulti- 
 mum boimm in utilitate ponunt. 
 
 utility : fitllUas, commoditas : v. 
 
 rSEFUI.NESt^. 
 
 utmost : 1. extremus : to eiulure 
 the u. hunger, e. famem siistentare, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 17. 2. summus: tlie u. 
 
 baseness, s. turpitudo, Cic. Am. 17,61. 
 
 3. ultlmus : u. despair, u. despera- 
 tjo, Tac. Hist. 2, 48. Ph r. : it ivos <iilh 
 
 the u. difficulty that nihil aegrius 
 
 factum eat multo labore quam ut, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, 65, 146. 7») (/« one's u., use 
 one's u. endeavours, omnibus virilms 
 contendere ; omni ope atqiic opere enili, 
 id. Att. 14, 14 : summa ope niti. Sail. 
 
 Cat. 1 : V. KXTREME. 
 
 utter (ailj.) •• expr. by totus : e. g. it 
 is an u. falsehood, falsum est id loium, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 15. 2»: or by super/, of cha- 
 racteristic at//. : V. KNTIltE, TOTAL. 
 
 utter (v-): 1. emitto, misi, mis- 
 sum, J : tou.a curse, e. maledictuni. t'ic. 
 Plane. 2?, adfn. 2. dice, xi, etimi. j 
 (most gen. term) : v. say. 3. loquor, 
 locQtus, J, dep. (rare in this sen.se) : to 
 u. cUjsurdities, I. deliranienta, PlauL .Vin. 
 2, 2, 64. 4. cliiquor {to txpr/fs fully 
 [hence rhetorically) uhul is ciinceiveit iti 
 the mind) : ntil tti U able to a. hit senti- 
 ments, id quod .sentit non e. posse, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, J. 6. 5. prolo<iuor (to give 
 utterance to what is secret) : to u. one's 
 
 thoughts, p. cogii.tta. Ter. Ph.irm. 1, i, 
 5{. 6. inuniio. i (fu cummunicate 
 the substance of a Vtuughl u-w.uut le- 
 fereiice to the form 1 : tn u. uue t ■iftmums 
 in brrirf, stDieniliji brevittr e., Cic. Kiu. 
 2.7,20. 7 proniuilio, I ({(/ (ic/itirr »o 
 as to be heurd) : to u. many trries in 
 one breath, multos ver^us uno spirtlu p., 
 id. de Or. i, 6i,yin. 8. eff* ro, exiaii, 
 Slatuni, }. irr. : if veighly tentimmU 
 are u.'d in a/nfused terms, d graves iett- 
 tentiae lucondiis verbis e., Id. Or. 44, 
 i;o: Ter.: QiiitiL 9. efor. I. drp.: 
 to u. uhat thould be kept t^irirt, e. ce- 
 landa, Liv. 5, 15, /n.: Virg.: Hor.: 
 Suet. 10. fundo, (Qdl flUum, ] : to 
 u. meaningless sounds, Inanes f. aonus, 
 Cic. Tusc, 5, 26, 7?: Plaul. : Virg.: 
 Hor.: Ov. U. f,|o. didl. dllmn. }: 
 to u. words, e. verba, Ov. Met. 8, 754: 
 to u. a hoarse munnur. e. raucum 
 murmur, Ib. 14, 280. 12. profC-ru (to 
 pronounce) : to u. Ote last sylUitArs, p. 
 extremas syllaba^, Quint. 11, }, ij. 
 Phr.: to lie unalie to u. a uvrd, non 
 posse loqui, Ov. Met. 14, 180 : wAo haoe 
 never u.'d a word in piilAic, qui verbum 
 nunquaiM in pub ice fecerunt. Cic Urii'. 
 78, 270: he did not u. a vord, verbum 
 nullum fecit, Plaut, Bac. 4. 9, 58 : mind 
 not to u. a vxtrd aljotU Ihe mtimage, 
 verbum unuin de nupiiLs r.ive, IVr. 
 And. 1, 5, 6;: if you u. another word, 
 verbum si addldens, ib. 5, 2. 19 ; he 
 dared not u. a nuord attout Caesar, ne 
 verbum quidem ausus est facere de 
 Cae>are, Cic. All, j, 2o: v. expbk.*. 
 
 Utterance : 1. dictum v. sat- 
 
 IKG. 2. efT:itum, (Jic. Leg. 2. 8. 20. 
 3. explanatie {distinct u.). Quint. 
 11. J, J J : I' ilhout treth there is no possi- 
 bility of distinct u., (denies) quum 
 desunt explaiialioneni omnem adlmunt, 
 Plin. 7, 16, 18, ) 70. 4. pronun- 
 tiatio V. PRONtJNTIATION. 5. ex- 
 
 positie: an u. of one's oum opinion, e. 
 sententiae suae, Cic. de Or. }, 55, 2oj. 
 Phr.: to give u. to ones feelings, expri- 
 mere dicendo sensa, lb. i, 8, 12: sens» 
 mentis et con.silla verbis expllcare, Ib. }, 
 14, 5; : to give u. to one's thoughts, (v. 
 TO UTTEB) also V. ^:xl■K^s.M<l^•. 
 
 utterly: fundllus onmino, p^nltus; 
 
 V. TllOKOLGHLY, WHOLLY, TOTALLY, KN- 
 TIBKLY. Phr.: nut u. mad. non ad 
 ullimum demens, Liv. 28, 28: an u. 
 vorthless felloiv, nebulo, Hor. : vapps 
 ac nebulo, id. S. i, :, 104. 
 Uttermost: extreums, ultlmus: ▼. 
 
 UTMlkST. 
 
 uxonous: 1. uxBrlus- Virg. Aen. 
 4, 266. 2. amaiis uxoris nuixime: 
 Plaut. As. 5, 2, 7. 
 
 V. 
 
 VAC ANCY : I. A»ri;Vinr«, empty 
 siKice : 1. iiianli.is to move 
 through vacancy, jht inanltatem fi-rrt, 
 Cic. Fat. 9, 18: ct. inaniiate inle»tina 
 murmuranl, PlauL Ca-s. 4, }. 8. 2. 
 vacultas (very rare) the v. (empty 
 spcKes) t>etueen the reins (of minerals), 
 imcrveniorum vacultiites. Vitr. 2. 7. ad 
 vied. 3. Inane (aiij. u>*'d as suits, 
 
 the most common expres>ioii) : in IMe 
 infinite v., in infimlo inaiil, Cic. Fin. 
 
 I, 6, 17' nullum inane, Ib. I, 6, 21- 
 Id. N. D. 1. 2?, 6?, a</./iFi. 4. vAcuum 
 {adj. used as sutis.): the pnblicani burst 
 in tJirough the v., publicani jxt vacuum 
 irruperunt, Liv. 2?, i. ad hn. Join: 
 varuum with inane . vacuum quod 
 inane vocamus, Lucr. I,4N(. ||. Cn- 
 employed time, intermission of loork t 
 Otium : v. LKJSCBK, IIH.KNKSS. |||. Of 
 
 a post, office : 1. viicultas (ver>- rare) : 
 you knou- uliat cmiiUitvm it rzi-itett by 
 tJie V. in the ufftre of evnsid, quan- 
 tam cuplditatem hominibu- iigu-iat va- 
 cuitas te non fiicil. Brut. a>l i le, Kam, 
 
 II, 10, 2. 2. locus vacuus (Vacuus 
 with sill's) ■ hofting for Ote r. in iAt 
 kingdom, vacuam possessionem regni 
 sperans, Caes. B. C j, 112. 9. extr. 
 Phr.. there is a c, locus vacai. Plia 
 
 909
 
 VACANT 
 
 VAIN 
 
 VA LETUDINARIAN 
 
 Ep. io,7(aJ. 9): ib.8(aJ.i;): cf.noschool 
 of philosophy would be unrepresented, 
 nullius philosophiae vacaret locus, Cic. 
 N. D. I, "7, 16: tfie son Idled the v. 
 earned by his father's death, filiiis patri 
 suffectus, Tac. A. 4, 16 : cf. suffectus in 
 Lutretii locum, Liv. 2. 8 : ne consul 
 sufficiatur, C'c. Mur. jg, 82. A choosing 
 of new judices to fill up v.s, subsortltio, 
 Cic. Verr. i, 61, 157, init. To choose a 
 judex to Jill a v., subsortiri judicem, iii. 
 Clu. )5, 96. Phr. lohen he had been 
 chosen (as judex) to fill a v., quura ex 
 subsortitione sedisset, ib. ^7, 103 • v. 
 
 BCBSTITCTE. 
 
 vacant: \. of space: -l. vacuus 
 (of space which Ims been filled or is in- 
 tended to be fiUed) : Cic. 2. inanis, e 
 (empty): v. empty. To be v., vaco, i : 
 ttie whole upper part of the house is v., 
 tota domus superior vacat, Cic. Att. 12, 
 •o. II. 'if an office: vacuus: he con- 
 ferred the V. priests' offices on others, 
 sacerdotia v. contulit in alios, Tac. A. 12. 
 40. Phr.- a post is v., locus vacat : v. 
 VACANCY. Ill, hegal term, nf propel ty 
 ■without a maste)- : vacuus: Cic. de Or. j, 
 JI. 122. To be v., vaco, I ; Paul. . Ulp. 
 IV. Unoccupied, idle : vacuus : quo- 
 niam v. sumus, Cic. Leg. i, 4, ij v. 
 LEisuitE. (Phr.: at leisure.) V. 
 Void of thfmght or knowledge : perh. 
 mentis siveconsilii vacuus- v. thought- 
 less, STUPID. 
 
 vacate : I. To make or leave 
 
 empty : 1, vacuefacio, leoi, factum, j : 
 quum donmm novis nuptiis vacuefe- 
 cisses, Cic. Cat. i, 6, 14 : you, I'.d a seat 
 for me at supper, niihi in coena vacue- 
 fecisti locum, Macr. Sat. i, 2, 10: the 
 benclies are v d, subsellia vacuefacta sunt 
 {al. vacua fncta), Cic. Cat. i, 7, 16. 2. 
 perh. vacuum pra-beo, 2 (e. g. locum 
 alicui) : vacuum facio, feci, factum, {. 
 II. Of an ollice: perh. ejuro, i : to 
 V. a magistracy, ejurare magistratuni, 
 Tac. A. 12, 4: V, RE-iioN. III. To 
 annul, make void : convello, deleo, in- 
 firmo, etc. . v annul, rhscind. 
 
 vacation: holidays, intennission of 
 work : 1. leriae. 2. dies ferialus. 
 For examples and phrases, v. holiday. 
 3. ju.stUium (a cessation from busi- 
 ness in the courts of justice, legal v., 
 sometimes equivalent V> public mourn- 
 ing, Tac. A. 2, 82) : the .•Minute directed 
 a V. to be proclaimed, Senatus J, indici 
 jussit, \a\\ 10, 21, 2: so edicinir j., id. 
 4, 26, fin. : to end the v., aVoin business 
 to be resumed,}, remittitur, id. 10, 21, ? 
 
 vaccinate ; *vaccitmm pus inserere. 
 
 vaccination: •vaccinatio(not,class.). 
 Med. : v. vaccine. 
 
 vaccine : vaccinus (pertaining to 
 cows): V. caro, Plin. 28, 12, 50: v. l.'jc, 
 id. 25, 8, 5 J. Vaccine matter : * vacci- 
 num pus. The medical term for the 
 cow-pox is *variola vaccina, or "vaccina 
 simply. 
 
 vacillate: I. Lit.: Ibswaytoand 
 fro : vacillo, I (vaccillo or vacillo, Lucr. 
 
 J, 50;): v. STAGGER, TOTTER. ||. Fig. : 
 
 to waver, fail : vacillo : with one legion, 
 and that v.ing in its faith, cum una le- 
 gione et ea vacillante, Cic. Phil. ;, 12, Jl : 
 ■yepoi'TtKuiTepov' est memoriola v. (i. e. to 
 fail), id. Att. 12, I, 2. Phr.: will ye v. 
 between your new and old allegiance t 
 inter recens et vetus sacramentum erra- 
 bitis? Tac. H. 4, 58, ad fin. 
 
 vacillating : amblguus ? a. fides, 
 Liv. 6, 2, ad init.: v. DoUBTFCL, hesi- 
 tating, WAVERING : V. also preced. art. 
 
 vacillation: I. Lit.: sivaying 
 to and fro : vacillatio : Quint. 11, j, 
 128. Suet, Claud. 21, ad fin. ||. 
 
 Fig. : sometimes dtibitatio ■ v. waver- 
 ing, HESITATION. May be expr. by adj. : 
 tlie V. of the legion, legio vacillans : Cic. 
 Phil. J, 12, JI. 
 
 vacuity : vacuitas : v. vacanct, 
 
 EMPTINES,S. 
 
 vacuous: vacuus- v. vacant, empty. 
 
 vacuum : inane : v. va<;ancy. _ 
 
 vade-mecum : enchuidion (tyx"- 
 piSiov), (a manual) : Pomp. Dig. i, 2, 2. 
 
 vagabond (subs.) .- 1. erro, oilis : 
 Tib. 2, 6, 6 : a runaway and v., fugi- 
 910 
 
 tlvus et eiTo, Hor. S. 2, -j, iij. 2. 
 grassator (a street robber): Cic. Fat. i;, 
 J4: Suet. Aug. init. 3. suhrosirani, 
 pi. (loiterers) .- Coel. in Cic. Fam. 8. I, 4. 
 To be a v., vagor, i : ynu who lead a v. 
 life, quae circum vicinos vagas (i. e. 
 vagaris), Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 14: if any jar 
 has escaped that v. ."^partacus, Spartacum 
 si qua potuit vagantem fallere testa, 
 Hor. Od. }, 14, 19 : v. wanderer. 4. 
 scglestus (rascal) : v. rascal. 
 
 vagabond (adj.) .- 1. vagus : while 
 he led a v. and banished life, quum 
 vagus et exsul erraret, Cic. Clu. 62, 
 '"!;• 2. vagabundus (late): Aug. 
 
 Phr.; a V. quack, pharmacopola circum- 
 foraneus, Cic. Clu. 14, 40: v. wandering; 
 and preced. art. 
 
 vagary ; 1. libido (liibido), Inis,/. 
 (caprice, whim) : ad libidinem suam 
 vexare fortunas, Cic. Rose. Am. 49, 141 : 
 Liv. 25, 21, ad med. : v. caprice. 2, 
 deliciae (piece of affectation) . lo, another 
 V. on the part of the equiles, ecce aliae d. 
 equitum, Cic. Att. i, 17, 9. 3. ineptiae 
 (absurdity): why indulge in these d.s? 
 quid ad istas ineptias abis ? id. Hose-. Am. 
 16, 47. 4. niigae (trifling, nonsense) : 
 this is an absurd v., maximas nugas 
 agis, Plaut. Asin. i, i, 77. 
 
 vagina (botan.) ; a sheath, husk : 
 vagina: I'lin. : Varr. 
 
 vagrancy : ^agatio (late) f App. 
 Better expr. by adj. vagus, and verb. 
 
 vagrant (s"')S.) ; erro ; V. vaga- 
 
 vagrant (adj.): vagus ( bond. 
 
 vague : 1. vagus : to have no v. 
 and doubtful opinion, habere non erran- 
 tem et V. opinionem, Cic. N. D. 2, i, 2: 
 gii'ing very v. reasons for his absence, 
 redditls caussis absentiae admodum v., 
 I'ac. A. 6, 1 ?. 2. incertus («ot,/i zed) ; 
 a very v. hope, spes incertissima, Cic. 
 Sest. 22, 50. 3. diibius (uncertain, 
 
 undetermined) : v. things, quae d. sunt, 
 opp. certa atque concessa, Cic. Div. 2, 51, 
 106. V. ivords, d. verba, opp. aperta, 
 Quint. 7, 2, 48: d. jus, t/pp certuni, ib. 
 12, J, 6. 4. anceps cTpi lis ("A ic/i may 
 turn out in one of two nays, doubtful) .- 
 a V. oracle, a. oraculimi, Liv. 9, j, ad med. 
 5, ambiguus (capable of two inter- 
 pretations): V. vords. verba a., Cic. Or. 
 29, 1^2 : a. scriplum. id. lop. 25, 96 : a. 
 oiacula, id. l)iv. 2, 56, 115. 6. Ciiecus. 
 a V. surmise, c. suspicio. Id. Fam. 6, 7, 4. 
 7. oh&curns (indistinct) : Heraclitus 
 is very v., valde Heraclitus o. (Or. 6 o-ko- 
 Ttti/ds), id. Div. 2, 64, ijj : o. poeta, ib. 
 1 ?2 : o. res, Lucr. i, 952. 8. invo- 
 lutus (intricate) : res i., Cic. Or. 29, io2. 
 Join obscurus and caecus, ubscurus 
 and igiiotus, obscurus and suspensus, 
 firxiloquus and obscurus, id. Div. 2, 56, 
 115 (q. V. for. dif. between obscurus 
 and ambiguus). Phr.; he gave v. ex- 
 planatifms, nullas probabiles caussas af- 
 ferebat, Tac. A. 6, 14 : / begin to have 
 some V. -lecollection, in memoriam re- 
 gredior quasi per nebulam, Plaut. Capt. 
 5, 4, 25 : V. suspicions, suspiciones im- 
 becillae, Tac. A. 2, 76. 
 
 vaguely: 1. incerte. 2. ob- 
 scui-e. Phr.: expr. with o<i/. : he could 
 not prevent his answering v., non per- 
 vlcit quin suspensa et quo ducerentur 
 inclinatura responderet, Tac. A. 11, 54: 
 we know r., per nebulam scimus, Plaut. 
 Pseud. I, 5, 48: V. preced. art. 
 
 vagueness : obscuritas : Pythagoras' 
 v., o. Pythagorae, Cic. Rep. i, 10, 16, fin. 
 
 vain: I. Without substance : 1. 
 vanus blood would not return to the v. 
 shade, non v. redeat sanguis imagini, 
 Hor. Od. I, 24, 15. 2. inanis, e : uhy 
 trample on a v. .':hadoiv f quid i. proteris 
 umbram.'' Ov. Tr. j, 11, 25: i. imago, 
 lb. Fa-st. 5, 4fij. II, Fig.: wilhout 
 substance, worthless, empty : 1. vanus 
 (not to be depended on, false) : they be- 
 lieved a V. speech, orationi v. crediderunt, 
 Cic. Rose. Am. 40, 117 : id. Quint. 6, 26 : 
 Vie V. soul of the dictator, v. ingenium 
 dictatoris, Liv. i, 27, init. 2. inanis, e 
 (unmeaning, worthless, the most com- 
 mon word) : the ears themselves judge 
 what IS V. and what solid, aures ipsae 
 quid plenum quid i. sit Judicant, Cic. 
 
 Brut. 8, J4 : to utter v. sounds, voces i. 
 fundere, id. Tusc. j, 18, 42 : 1. voce 
 souare, id. Fin. 2, 15, 48- v. struggles! 
 o i. nostras contentiones i id. de Or. }, 
 2,7: V. hopes, spes i., Virg. Aen. 10, 627 : 
 V. reports, iiiania famae, Tac. A. 2, i6. 
 3. futilis, e (not to be depended on) : 
 a V. slave, f. servus, Ter, And. },$,}: 
 V. soothsayers, f. haruspices, Cic. Div. i, 
 19, j6 V. and fictitious opinions, f. com- 
 menticiaeque sententiae, id. N. D. 1, 8, 18. 
 4. levis, e (trimal) : a v. report, I. au- 
 ditio, Caes. B. 6. 7, 42 : 1. spes, Hor. Ep. 
 1,5,8. Join: 1. and inanis ; Cic. I'lanc. 
 26, 6? . l, vanus, and futilis ; id. Fin. j, 
 II, j8. 5. cadQcus (frail, perishable): 
 Cic. Kep. 6, (4), 17 : V. hopes, c. spea, 
 Ov. M. 9, 596 : V. time, futile et c. tempus, 
 Plin. Ep. 5,7,14. 6. fragills, e (perish- 
 able)- Cic. Kep. 2, 28, $\,fin. Join: 
 f. and caducus, id. Am. 27, 102. "J, 
 fluxus (fleeting): id. Att. 4, 2, I. 
 Join; t. and instabilis, Tac. A. IJ, 19, 
 init. : f. and fiagtlis, Sail. C. I : f. and 
 mobilis, id. J. 104. 8. vacuus: v. 
 names, v. nomina, Tac. H. i, jo, med 
 III, Useless, without effect : \, 
 vanus (uncommon) . the javelins faU in 
 v., pila V. cadunt, Liv 7, 2?, ad fin. : 
 to make v. promises, v, polUceri, Cic. 
 Plane. 42, loi. 2. irritus: a v. attempt, 
 i. inceptum, Liv. 29, J5, ad Jin, : a v. 
 remedy, i. remedium, Tac. H. 4, 81. 3. 
 cassus : v. toils, c. labores, Plin. Ep. 8, 
 2J, med.: Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, ijg- v. use- 
 less, groundlf.ss. IV, Attached to 
 V. things, foolish : 1, perh. vanus 
 (emptily vaunting): Virg. Aen. 11, 715 
 «u<-/i was the pleasure of v. Otho, sic 
 libitum V. Othoni, Juv. j, 159. 2. 
 inanis, e : there is nothing v, about me, 
 nihil est in me i., Cic. Ep. Brut, i, 3,2- 
 the V. man, homo i., Sail. J 64, Jin. 
 3. perh. vacuus- glory exalting her 
 V. head, tollens v gloria verticem, Hor. 
 Od. I, 18, 15. V. Ostentatious: glo- 
 riosiis v. ostentatious. 
 
 vainglorious : 1. gloriosus : ». 
 philosophy, g. philosopbia, Cic. de Or. 1. 
 4J, 195. Plin. 2. vanllSquus: Liv 
 j;, 48, init. To be v., glorior, i; v. 
 to boast. 
 
 vaingloriously ; gioriose, Cic. de 
 Or, 2, 8, JI. 
 
 vainglory : 1, gloria such it 
 your v., quae tua g. est, Cic. Fam. 7, I j, 
 2: Hor. Od. 1, 18, 15. 2. ostentati* 
 (parade): inanis o., Cic. Off. 2, 12, 4J: 
 id. de Or. 2, 8, j. Join- ostentatio et 
 gloria, id. Rab. Post. 14, j8 ; gloriosa o., 
 id. Flacc. 22, 52. 
 
 vainly ; I. ^" vain, to no purpose • 
 
 1. frustra(Mn(/ioui effect, sometimes 
 mthout caiise) : to labour in v., f. la- 
 borem sumere, Caes. B. G. j, 14, i • that 
 attempt uas v. made, f. id inceptum fuit. 
 Liv. 2, 25, init. : v. and groundUssly . 
 f. ac sine causa, Cic. Div. 2, 60, 125. 
 
 2. nequicquam (nequidquam and 
 nequiquam), (to no purp)se) : id. Qnint, 
 2;, 79 : Virg. Aen. 9, 219. 3, incassum 
 (in cassum ; casse, Liv. 24, 26, 6: caewn. 
 Sen.) to h url their javelins v., L Jactare 
 tela, Liv. 10, 29, I. [Frustra refers to 
 the person disappointed, nequicquam to 
 the/oii«re of result, incassum implies a 
 want of consideration by which failure 
 might have been foreseen. Doderl.] 
 Phr.- to labour in v., oleum et operam 
 perdere, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 122 : Cic. Att. 
 2, 17, I. II, Idly, foolishly, without 
 reason : inauiter ; the mind exults v.. 
 i. animus exsultat, Cic. Tuso. 4, 6, u ; 
 id. Ac. 2, i;, 47. Ill, Ostentatiously, 
 perh. gioriose: v. ostentatiouslt: 
 boastfully. 
 
 valance : perh. vestis may be used • 
 V. drapery, tapestry. 
 
 vale : valUs : v. vallet. 
 
 valerian (a plant) : * valEriana ■ 
 Linn. 
 
 valet : cubiciilarius (a v. de chanibre), 
 Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5 ; id. Verr. j, 4, 8. 
 
 valetudinarian (subs.) : viietiidi- 
 
 narius; Sen. Ben. i, 11, 6, fin. Phr. 
 a v., qui intirma atque etiam acgra est 
 valetudine, Cic. Brut. 48, 18O; extr. : he 
 was a v., valetudirie minus oommod*
 
 VALETUDINA RIAN 
 
 VALUE 
 
 VA N I TT 
 
 mebatnr, Caes. B. C. i, 62, extr.i v. 
 
 8ICKI.V, WKAK. 
 
 valetudinarian (a<0) •• valetudl- 
 narlus Varr. 
 
 valetudinarianism: perh. gravitas 
 valftudiiiis Cic. Fam. 6, 2, I ; v. sick- 
 mess, WRAKNESS. 
 
 valiant: fortis: v. brave, 
 valiantly ; forUier : v. dkavely. 
 
 valid ; I. strong : valldus : V 
 
 •TRONG. II, Fig.; sound, capable of 
 h*ing supported \, firinus. v.argii- 
 mnits, argunienta f. ad probandiim, Cic. 
 Bnit. -jS, 2";2: a nuifl vdyldy and v. 
 argument, argiinienium gravis^imum et 
 firmis-simiim, id. Kosc. Com. 12, JT- 2. 
 Justus {sufficient) : a v. excuse, satis j 
 excusatio. id. Pis. 15, }6. 3. certus 
 {to be trusted) : very v. proofs, wrtis- 
 sima argumenta, id. Cat. j, ;. 1 1. 4. 
 legitimus {alloned by Ian) ; a v. excuse, 
 excusatio I., id. PhiL 5, 5, 14. |||. Of 
 a law or principU, of Ugal efficacy, in 
 force: X, Tii'M<i {estabUslied) : things 
 which cannot be v., quae r. esse uon 
 possunt, Cic. Phil. 5, •;, 21 r. tribunatus, 
 opp. irritus, Id. Prov. Cons. 19, 45 : v. 
 wUls, testamenla r., opp. rupto, id. de 
 Or. I, ?8, 1 7 J. 2. stabllis, e: a v. 
 right of possession, s. el certa [wssessio, 
 id. Am. 15, ;;. Join: s., ftxus, ratus, 
 id. Ac. 2, 9, 27 . jussus, ratus, firnius, 
 id. Caec JJ, 96. To be v. : \, valeo, 
 2 : the announcement of an adverse 
 omen was not v., nihil v. obnunciatio, 
 id. Div. I, 16, !o: your en'uses are v. in 
 my eyes, v. apud me excusationes tuae, 
 id. .SuU. 16, 47. 2. ratus sum: 
 
 it irill be V. in my eyes, I shall ap- 
 prove, r. mihi erunt, id. Fam. 7. 2?, i. 
 3. peril, vigeo, 2 (to flourish) : n-hose 
 authority I hear is stUl v., quein maxlme 
 vigere audio, id. de Or. j, 28, 1 10. To 
 establish as v., probo, i : to show that 
 one's case is v., causam p., id. Balb. 2i, 
 49. To regard as v., ratum habeo, opp. 
 rescindo, id. Part. Or. j6, 125 : r. duco, 
 Liv. 27, 17, ./in. . r. efflcio, id. i, 6, 2: 
 
 V TO AlfRDVE, CONFIRM, RATIFY. 
 
 validity : !• soundness, <>f argu^ 
 ments, etc. ■ 1, perh. auctoritas (ini- 
 portaiice) : Cic. Leg. 2 7. 18 : id. Klacc. 
 4,9- 2. peib. gr^vltas ("eijf/if) ; id. 
 de Or. 2, 17, 72, fin. Both auctoritas 
 and gravitas are rather used iif jtersons 
 in the sense of influence. 3. pondns 
 {importance): id. Fam. 15, 25. Join 
 p. and vis, Id. deOr. 2, 74, }o2 ; maximi 
 momenti et p., id. Vatln. 4. 9,/?(. : vis, 
 p., auctoritas, id. Flacc. 4, 9. ||. Of 
 a law, etc.: perh. auctoritas. IMi r. ; 
 qtiestions of the v. of wills, testanien- 
 torum rupiorum aut ratorum jura, id. 
 de Or. 1, ?8, 17 J he destroys the v. of 
 all laws, leges et Jura latiefactat, id. 
 Caec. 25, 70: shall fie maintain the v. 
 of his case before you f isne apud vos 
 obtinebil caussam ? ib. 14, j8 . v. preced. 
 art (III.). 
 
 valise: 1. vidulns: Plant. Prud. 
 4, ?. 60. 2. mautica (a nallet) : 
 
 Hor. S. I, 6, io6( v. BOX, wai.i.kt. 
 
 valley: 1. vallis (valle.s): Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 47, init. 2. convuUis (a v. 
 inclosed on all sides): Cic. Agr. 2, J5, 
 96. 3. Tempe (a vale in '['hessaly, 
 hence used poet, for a v.), pi. n. indecl. : 
 Virg. <i. 2, 469 Ov Fast. 4, 477. 4. 
 sometimes nngustiae (a dejile) : Liv. 28, 
 
 1. ^, fancea, pL {a nairow pass): id. 
 29, ?2: Joined with angustiae, Cic Agr. 
 
 2, J2, 87 V. DF.FILE, PASS, 
 valour: virtus: V COURAGE, BRAVF.RT. 
 
 valorous: fortis v. bravk. 
 valuable {subs.): perh. res prgtiosa: 
 
 ▼. VAI.t;K. 
 
 valuable (.adj.): |. I'ossesstng 
 value: pretiOsus a v. horse, p. equus, 
 Cic. Off. J, 11, 89: mvU V. thi7igs, res 
 pretiosissimae, opp. vUisslmae, ib. Fin. 
 1,28,91. II. Fig.: magniprJtii; v. 
 
 VALOB. 
 
 valuation: I. !>'*•; ae.stTmntio: 
 
 Cic. Att 4, 2. 5 ■ the power of mnk-ing a 
 V. w intrusted to the censor, potostJis a. 
 habendae censon pormittiiur, id. Verr. 
 J, 55, HI at a fair v., aequa facta a,, 
 Caeg. B. C. 1, 87 : A* took an estate at a 
 
 fair v., praediu in a. accepit, Cic. Fam. 
 i;, 8, 2. II, Fig.: aestimatio: id. 
 Fin. }, 10, 14. 
 value (subs.): I. frice, vorth: 
 1. iHciium; to settle the v., p con- 
 stituere, Cic. All. 12, n. 1 : P- paclsci, 
 id. Off. !, 29. 107: what is the v. of ptyt 
 haef quibug hie p. porci vi-ii.uiit? 
 Plaut. MeiL 2, 2, 15 the v. of tstaJtes is 
 low, jaceiit p. praedioruni, Cic Rose 
 Com. 12, ?} : a field of greater v., ager 
 majoris pretii, 'I'er. Heaut. I, i, 12. it 
 has v., p. Iiabet, Cic. Verr. j, 98, 227 to 
 be of v.. In p. esse. Plin. ?j. 1. 6 2. 
 aestimatio (u as fixed by another, valua- 
 tion): v. valuation. 3. digiiltas: 
 Plaut. I$ac 1, 2, 2?. Plin. Phr. : pro- 
 vvied you do not sell it for less v. than 
 
 I paid, diim ne minoris vendas quam 
 I go emi, Plaut. Merc. 2. J, 88 : Cic. 
 Off. i, 12, 51 : V. Ijit. (Jrum. } 281, 
 ^ J16. 11. Fig.; 1, preiium(rare): 
 lo estimate the v. of their services, operae 
 p. facere, Liv. 27,1 7, ad fin. 2. dig- 
 iiitas: o house of great v., plena d. do- 
 mus, Cic Off. I, ?9, u8. 3. '»"«• 
 Coan jars are of most v., Cois ainphoris 
 maxima I. est, Plin. JS, 12, 46. 4. 
 hOnor O'onos) : rve hold natural science 
 in the sam£ v., physlcae idem tributus 
 est h., Cic Fin. j, 22, 7}. 5. virtus: 
 the V. of a tree, arboris v., id. Leg. 1, 16, 
 45. Plaut. Mil. },i, HI. 6. vis: the 
 whole V. of friendship, omnis v. amiclliae, 
 Cic. Am." 4, 1 5. P h r. • a man of no v., 
 homo non nauci. Plant. True. 2, 7, 61 : 
 he is of no v., nihili est, ib. Pseud. 4, 7, 
 2: to be held of no v. by his frietids, 
 suis sordere, Liv. 4, 25 : v. foil. art. 
 Ill, Import of a word, etc.: vis. v. 
 FORCE," MF.ANTNG. Phr.: ice want a 
 word of the same v., quaerimus verbum 
 quod idem valcat, Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 1 3. 
 value (■■•) •■ I. 7b set a price on : 
 
 I, aestlmo, I • the consuls v.d the 
 buildings of my house at two million 
 sesterces, coiisules a. superficiem aedium 
 H. S. vicios, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5 . so abs.. ib. 
 4, I, 7 : to V. (it a very low rate, tenuls- 
 sime a., ib. Verr. 4, 16, j5. 2. aesti- 
 mationem facio, feci, factum, j • a. halx-o, 
 2; V. VALUATION. 3. prStium con- 
 stltuo, ui, utum, j: p. statuo, ul. utum, 
 j: Plaut. Mil. ?. i, m : v.vaixk. 4, 
 puto, I : to value at 400 denarii, p. 
 denariis quadringentis, Cic. Verr. 4, 7. i }. 
 
 II, Fig. • 1. aestimo, i • id. Post. 
 Red. 6, 15 : they v. things by opinion, ex 
 opinione a, id. Rose. Com. 10. 29: to v. 
 his authority highly, magni a., id. Att. 
 7, I;, 2 to V. not at all, nihil a (poet.), 
 transl. of Epicharnius in id. Tusc i, 8, 
 i;- to v.equall I/, ju\i&Si.,Sial.C. 2, ad fin. 
 (cf. for tonstr. Dr. Smith's Lat. iiict. 
 aestimo, 11.). 2. <'xpeiido, di, sum. ? 
 (to weigh): I do not rechm them so 
 muclt by number as by v., non ea tani 
 numerare soleo quam e.. Cic. de Or. 2. 
 76, ?"9; with aestimo, theii weigh and 
 V. pteasuies, ii e. ct aesliniant voUiptaies, 
 id. Post. Red. 6, i;. 3. pi iido, p6- 
 pendl, pensum, i (not used alis.) to v. 
 the case according to its truth, p. cau- 
 sam ex veritaie, id. Quint, i, 5 : you do 
 not V. highly, non matini p., Hor. S. 2, 
 4, 9} / v. little the favour of a wicked 
 man, nequam hominis ego parvi p. gra- 
 tiam, Plaut. Bac. ?, 6. 29 vot to v. at 
 all, non flocci p., Ter. Eun. j. 1, 21. 4. 
 facio, feci, f.ictum, j (with gen. of price 
 or adv.) .- Cic. Fam. J, 10. 2: / i'. it not 
 at all. nee flocci f., i.l. Atu u, 50, }: 
 non f. pili cohortem. Cat 10. I ? : I v. it 
 little, parum id f.. Sail. J. 8?. 5. 
 duco, xi, ctum, ?: he v.d it liltle, parvi 
 id d., Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24 : to v. anything 
 not at all, pro nihilo aliquid d , id. 
 Verr 2, 16, 40: to v. as good, in bonis 
 d., id. Fin. i. ;, 10. 6. P»it*>. ' '" ^'■ 
 honours highly, magni p. Iionores, Cic 
 Plane 4, II p. aliquem nihilo, id. I>iv, 
 in Caecil 7. 24. 7. hiib.'o, 2. to f. 
 TiotAi"(7, nihil pensi h.. guint. 11, J, 29 
 1/ou V. not yiiur It-nefcctor, lune meren- 
 tem h. despicatul, "I'laut. Men. 4. j, 19: 
 / ti. not, non nauci h., Knn. in Cic. I>lv. 
 I, 58, 111. III. I'o esteem: dillgo, 
 exl, ectum. j* v. to lovr. Phr . / v. 
 
 you as much at mysetf, laiituni libi tri- 
 but) quantum uiibi arrugu, Cic. Fam. 4, 
 I, 2, Jin. : Uu-y are v.d and rttecmed bf 
 htm, apud eum in boiiore niiil ft pr«- 
 tio, id. Rose. Am. 28, '.t to be vd bf 
 the Human people, esse In lande n in 
 gratia cum populu Rom., Id. Verr. Act. 
 I, 17, 51 . to V. frirndihip nu/rr (Aon 
 country, amiclllam patriae praepom-re, 
 id. Kosc. Perd. 8, 1 1 to r. friendthip 
 alxrix nvrylhihg, amicitidm rebus om- 
 nibus ante[ii.nere. Id. Am. 5 l"] . to v. 
 you less than her children, vo» post- 
 ponert- natis suis. Ov. M 6. 211 v.ing 
 .Samos lets, poslbabilu Samo, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 16. 
 
 valuer: aestlmStor Cic lis ;?, 86, 
 ad fin. : Fig., injustus rerum a., id. 
 Mar.-. 5, 15. 
 
 valueless: parvi pritii : v. valor 
 and wmtTHLhUss. 
 
 valve: I. Leaves of a f'ldxng- 
 dour: valvae : Cic. IHv. i, 14. 74. ||. 
 .1 safety v.. etc. : perh. 6pibt0niium (a 
 tap) : Sen. Kp. 86, 5. 
 
 vamp (subs.) : the upper leather of a 
 shoe : perh. pellls ; rupta p., Juv. j. 
 i;o. 
 
 vamp ('•)•• I. Lit: W patch: 
 
 sarcio, 4: v. to RRrAii:. ||. Fig.: to 
 patch up : Phr.: a v.'d up story, perh. 
 res commenticia, Cic Fin. i, 6, 19: v. 
 
 FICTION. 
 
 vampire: I. Lit.: p<:rh. limia: 
 Hor. A. P. ?4o. II, Fig.: perh. 
 
 hiriido (a leech): h. aerarii. Cic. Att. I, 
 16, n . Hor. A. P, 476. |||. The bat 
 so called: vespcrtilio: Plin.: Linn. 
 
 van : I. "/ <"• ai-my : 1. prl- 
 mum agmen (prop, of a column on tA< 
 march) : the regimj-ntt forming tlit v., 
 p. a. cohortes, Liv. 54. 28, med. 2. 
 prima acies (in battle) : the hasLatI 
 formed the v., p. a. hasuiti eranl, ib. 8, 
 8. 3. frons: Tac H. 2, 89: the v. 
 consisted of the floner of the ynuth, 
 prima f. in acie floremjuvenum baWbat, 
 Liv. 8, 8. Phr.: the legionary cohorts 
 formed the v., primae legionariae co- 
 hortes ibani, id. 54, 28, med. ||. A 
 u-innowing fan : 1. vaunus; Col.: 
 Virg. G. I, i'6. 2. ventilabnim- 
 Col. III. A wing: ala: v. wino. 
 
 IV. A vehicle: pt>rh. rhSda (o 
 roomy .^-wheeled conveyance) : Juv. j, 
 
 10: V, CAItBIAGE. 
 
 vandal: perh. Oplcus (adj.) {rude, 
 cUnvnish): Juv. 6, 454- «•. miie, o. mu- 
 res, id. J, 207 : or use Vandalicus. 
 
 vane: v. weatheucock. 
 
 vanish: I. ''■' ^ to disappear: 
 
 1. vanesco. nui. ? : eeerything rx 
 into ashes, cuncta in cinerem v., Tac. H. 
 5, 7. 2. evanesco, j : to r. I'nto uir.in 
 tennem e. aurain, Virg. Aen. 9. 6?8. 8. 
 dilabor, lap>us. } : id. G. 4, 410. _ 4. 
 difTugio. fugi, ? : the niow it v.'d, d. 
 nives. Hor Od. 4, 7, 1 . t.tO i>isa pi-ear. 
 Phr.: land soon r.'d, ceb-riter e con- 
 spectu terrae ablati sunt. Ltv. 29, 27, ad 
 tned. : lo V. from sight, evolare e con- 
 spectu, Cic. Verr. ;, ?+ 88 . the ttart v., 
 stellae ociultautur, id. .N'. I' 2, 20, 51. 
 
 II. Fig. 1. vanesco, ?: Tac. 
 A. 2. 40: V. amor, Ov. A. A. 2, 158. 
 
 2. evanesco, nui. I Liv. 28, JJ: 
 all recollection of them has v. d, omnis 
 eorum uh niuria i>t>Murata i-st ei evan- 
 uit, Cic de dr. :, :i, -h / raw our 
 hi^s v., exleniia'i >ixm nie-tram et e. 
 vidi, Id. Att. t, I!. I 3. dilabor, 
 lapsus, t ■ to let one's piofieitit v., rem 
 famillarcm d. sinere, id. Olf. j. 18, 64. 
 Phr.. frirnihhip v.s e itA kiiidnejt, 
 sublata henevolentia aniicitiae n-'men 
 tollitnr, id. Am. 5. 19 the . uri/tn hat 
 e.'J, sublata jiun consuetiido esi. id. Roic 
 Am. I, I, ./ill. 
 
 vanity: !• Fmplinrtt, unrealUv : 
 
 1. va'nitas (Ja ' renews) : lU r. of 
 
 opinions, opininnuni v.. l"ic. \ak. I, 
 
 10. 29. 2. lutlllta-s. this it all v., 
 
 baec plena sunt f.. Id. N. P. 2. 28, "jo. 
 
 3. li^vIUis the V. of opinion, L 
 opiniimis lb. 2, 17, 45 Joined »iih fu- 
 tilitas. ib. 2. 28. 70. 4. fragllllas: 
 t/ie veukrutt and v. of human kmd, 
 Imbeclllltos f.que bumanl generis, id. 
 
 911
 
 V A NQU ISH 
 
 VARIANCE 
 
 VARIOUS 
 
 Tnsc. 5, I, J. 5. perh. inanitas; 
 joined with error, id. Fin. i, ij, 44. 
 Pbr. : O the V. of the ivorld ! quan- 
 tum est in rebus inane, Pers. i, i : v. 
 VAfN. I), Concr. a vain thing ; 1. 
 perh. vanitas, in pi. : the v.s of the 
 Magi, magorum v. (al. lee. sing. = I. 1.), 
 Plin. 22, 8, 9. 2. levitas, in pi : 
 given to the v.s of love, amatoriis 1. de- 
 diti, Cic. Fin. i, iS, 61. 3. P<'rh- in- 
 finltas, in pi. : v.s of words, i. verborum, 
 GelL I J, 8. 4. nugae: v. trifle. 
 5. resvana: v. vain. |||, I'ride, 
 zonceit : 1, vanitas : C(Mspicw>us bv 
 his own v., suamet v. monstraius, Tac. 
 H. J, "jj : joined with jactaiio. Quint. 
 II, 2, 22. 2. jactatio: Cic. I'usc. 4, 
 q, 10, Jin. 3. tumor: v. and conceit, 
 t. et vana de se persuasio, Quint. 2, 
 2, 12. 4. gloria: V. vain-glort, 
 
 VAUNT. Phr. : / have no v., nihil est 
 in me inane, Cic. Ep. Brut, j, 2 : to 
 swell with v., pulmoueiD rumpere ven- 
 tis, Pers. ;, 27. 
 
 vanquish : vinco : v. TO coNQUEB. 
 
 vanquisher : victor : v. coNQnEROB. 
 
 vantage-ground: Wcus superior: 
 they fought on v., ex I. s. proeliabaiiiur, 
 Caes. B. G. 2, 2J : to leave tlieir v., ex s. 
 1. descendere, lb. B. C. j, 98. 
 
 vapid : |. L 1 1. : vapldus (of wine 
 which has lost its flavour) ; Col. 12, 5, i. 
 v: tvine, vapjia, Hor. S. 2, j, 144. ||. 
 Fig.: spoiled, tasteless : 1, vapidus . 
 in your v. mind, v. sub pectore, Pers. 5, 
 117. A v. felloiv, vappa, Hor. S. I, 1, 
 104. 2. insulsus (insipid) : a v. style 
 of joke, i. geuus ridiculi, Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 
 259: the view of a v. fellow, i. homtnis 
 sententia, ib. Tusc. i, 8, 15 : many are 
 the V. sayings, multa insulse dicuntur, 
 ib. Att. 5, 10, J. 3. perh. jejunus 
 {poor, meagre): a vain ami v. mind, 
 animus J. atque inanis, ib. Fain. 2, 57, 
 "] : a V. quibble, j. ealumnia, ib. Caec. 
 21, 61. 
 
 vapidly: Fig.: insulse. Cic Att. 
 15.4, I- 
 
 vapidness: Fig.: insulsltas: Cic. 
 Rab. Post. I }, j6. 
 
 vaporization: vaporatio: Sen.: V. 
 
 VAPOUR. 
 
 vaporous: 1. nebulosus: Plin. 
 21, 7, 18 ; Prop. 5, 12?. 2. vaporosus : 
 App. M. 3. vaporlfer: Stat. S. i, ?, 
 45. 4. vaporus: Nemes. 5. ^5- 
 poralis: Aug. 
 
 vapour (.subs.) : I. Lit: 1. vapor, 
 oris (v.Jrom land or water) : Cic. N. D. 
 2,46, 118. 2. halitus (n. from land 
 or water): Plin. ti, 12, 12. 3. ne- 
 bula (a dmidlilce mist) : exhales v. and 
 fioating mist, tenuem exhalat n. fumos- 
 que volucres, Virg. G. 2, 217 • we see v. 
 and steam rise, surgere n. aesttimque 
 vldemus, Lucr. 6, 475. 4. mgphltis 
 (o pestilential exhalation) : Virg. Aen. 
 7, 84. I'hr. : the v. given out by the 
 earth, exhalationes terrae, Cic. Tusc. i, 
 ig, 4? : terrae exspiraiiones, id. N. D. 2, 
 jj, 8j : a>piratio terraruni, id. Div. i, 
 }6, 79; the v. given out by water, re- 
 splratio aquarum, id. N. D. 2. 10, 27: 
 vaporatio aquarum. Sen. Q. N. 6, 11. 
 waier emits v., aquae vaporant, Plin. ji, 
 2, 2 : the sun Jills the side of the valley 
 vnth v., sol iatus vallis vaporat, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 16, 7 : the Itnd emits v., terra 
 humorem ex se remitiit, Virg. G. 2, 218 : 
 the stars are fed on the v.s rising fnim 
 the earth and the sea, sidera niarinis 
 terrenisque hunioribus exlenuatis alun- 
 tnr, Cic. N. D. 2, i6, 4J. LiU v. (adv.), 
 vaporaliter Aug. ||, Fig: v.s, hy. 
 pochondriacal mclancMy : perh. lien, 
 enis (sfileen): Plaut. Cure. 2, i, 5. Af- 
 flicted K'tV/i v.s, lienosus : Plin. 7, 2, 2 : 
 
 V. MELAKCHOLY. 
 
 vapour (i"-) •• I. L i t. : to emit v. : 
 v8.poro, I: v. preced. art. ||. Fig.: 
 to brag, vaunt : glorior, i : v. to boast, 
 
 VAUNT. 
 
 -bath : perh. assa sudatio (a 
 
 sweating bath) : Cels. The chamber for 
 a v.-bath : 1. siidatio : Vitr. 2. 
 
 sudatorium : Sen. The process of a v., 
 sudatio balinearum, Plin. 28, 4, 14. 
 
 variable: 1. varlus (prop, of 
 
 912 
 
 colour, thence transf.. cf. Cic. Fin. 2, i, 
 10): ti. laii; V. Jus, id. Verr. 5, 19, 49. 
 2, varians (of seasons. J'ortuve, etc.) : 
 not capable of standing a v. climate, 
 impatlens v. coeli, Plin. 14, 2, 4: m- 
 statu:es of v. Jmtune, exenipla v. for- 
 tunae. Id. 7, 42, 4J. 3. vari.^bilis, e (no 
 good authority): v. aer, App. 4. 
 
 matabilis, e : Cic. N. D. }, 12, 30: joined 
 with varius . uoman is ever v. and 
 cluinging, varinm et m. semper feniina, 
 Virg. Aen. 4 569. 5. conimutabilis, e : 
 Cic. N. D. i, 12, ?o: joined with varius: 
 see hoi" v. is life, vide quam sit varia 
 vitae c.que ratio, id. Mil. 26, 69: a v. 
 mind, varius, c, multiplex animus, id. 
 Am. 25, 92. 6. vagus id. Fin. 5, 20, 
 56 slars of v. motion, sidera quae v. et 
 mutabili rationelabun tur, id. Tim. 10: 
 see how v. is fortune, vide quam v. volu- 
 bilisque fortuna, id. Mil. 26, 69. 7. 
 niobilis, e (of things and persons) : the v. 
 moisture of the season, coeli ra. humor, 
 Virg. G. 1, 417 : my feelings to you have 
 not been v., nee in te animo fui m., Cic. 
 Fam. 5, 2, 10: human life is v., m. et 
 fluxae res humaiiae, Sail. J. 104, ad med. 
 8. inconstans (of things and per- 
 sons): V. winds, i. venti, Plin. 18, j;, 
 80 : no science is more v., nulla ars in- 
 constantior, id. 29, i, i. 9. levis, e 
 (Jightminded) : Cic. Am. 25,91. 10. 
 volubilis, e: Plin. Ep. 4, 24, ad fin.: 
 
 cf. 6 : V. CHANGEABLE, FICKLE. 
 
 variableness : 1. varietas (rare 
 in this sense) : Jearing v. and treachery 
 in the army, extimescens v. atque in- 
 fidelitatem exercitus. Plane, in Cic. Fam. 
 10,18,2. 2. miitabilitas: v. of mind, 
 m. mentis, Cic. Tusc. 4, }$, 76. 3. 
 mobilitas: Tac. H. 5, 8. 4. incou- 
 stantia (of things and persons) : i. ful- 
 goris, Plin. J7, ij, 76: all know the v. of 
 fortune, fortunam nemo ab i. sejunget, 
 Cic. N. D. {, 24, 6f : joined with mu- 
 tabilitas. id. Tusc. 4, 35, 76 : with 
 varietas, id. pro Dom. 2, j. 5. levitas : 
 joined with mobilitas, Caes. B. G. 2, i : 
 with inconstantia and mobilitas, Cic. 
 
 Phil. 7, I, 9 : V. CHANGEABLENESS, 
 FICKLENE.SS. 
 
 variably; inconstanter: v. change- 
 
 ABLV. 
 
 , variance : I. "<« »<«<« of vary- 
 ing: perh. inconstantia. v. variation. 
 j|. Dissension : 1. di^cordia : 
 
 Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 21 : in pi., id. Fin. i, u, 
 44 • to set the state at v., serere civiles 
 d., Liv. !, 40, ad med. 2. dissensio : 
 Cic Agr. 2, 6, 14. 3. dissensus, us (poet, 
 in good Lai.): Virg. Aen. 11, 455- 4. 
 dissTdium {separation, consequent on 
 discordia, dissensio): Cic. Att. i, 17, 7. 
 
 5. simultas (esp. in pl~) : to be at 
 V. with some erne, s. exercere cum aliquo, 
 id. Flace. 35, 88. he was at v. with 
 Vurio, s. huie cum Curione intercedebat, 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 25: v. enmitv, quareel. 
 Phr.: the state at v. with itself, civitas 
 secum Ipsa diseors, Liv. 2, 23, init. : 
 they are at v., inter se dissident atque 
 discordant, Cic. Fin. i, i?, 44: thei/ are 
 slightly at v., leviter inter se dissident, 
 id. Alt. I, 13, 2, fin.: a nation at v. 
 with the Roman people, gens dissidens a 
 pop. Rom., id. Balb. 12, 30 (for ex- 
 amples of constr of disconlo and dis- 
 sideo, a very common word, v. I )r. Smith's 
 LaU Plct.) the Marsi begin to be at v. 
 with them, ab his Marsi dissentire incipi- 
 unt, Caes. B. C. I, 20 (v. Dr. Smith's LaU 
 Diet, lor constr.). the Aedui are at v., 
 Aedui pugnant, Cic. Att. i, 19, 2. |||, 
 Disagreement, inconsistency : \, dis- 
 sensio: the most learned men were at v. 
 concerning the law, inter peritissimos ho- 
 mines summa fuit de jure d., Cic. de Or. 
 1, 56, 238 they are so much at v., tanta 
 sunt in varietate et d., id. N. D. i, i, 2. 
 
 2. dlscrepantia : v. between the letter 
 and the intention, d. scripti et vcjluntatis, 
 id. Top. 25, 96 3. discrgpatio : Liv. 
 10. 18. 4. repugnantia expediency 
 being at v., utilitatis r., Cic. Off. 3. 4. I7- 
 
 5, diversitas: authorities being at 
 v., d. auctorum, Plin. 6, 26, 30 : v. dif- 
 ference. Phr. you will find the 
 wisest men at v., sapientissimos diversos 
 
 reperies, Tac. A. 6, 22: our doctrines, 
 
 but slightly at v. with those of the Peripa- 
 tetics, nostra non multum a Peripateticu 
 dissidentia, Cic. Off. i, i, 2 (cf. 11.) : they 
 are greatly at v., longe dissentiunt, id. 
 Am. 9, 32 ; his deeds are at v. with his 
 words, facta ejus cum dictis discrepant, 
 id. Fici. 2, 30, 96 (v. Dr. Smith's Lat. Diet, 
 for constr.): to be at v. in words but 
 agree in facts, verbo inter se discrepare, 
 re unum sonare, id. Off. 3,21,83: youare 
 at V. with yourself, tecum ipse pugnas, 
 id. Phil. 2, 8, 18: 'io you not see that 
 your statements are at v. f te pugnantia 
 loqui non vides ? id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13 : these 
 things are at v., haec inter se repugnant, 
 ib. 3, 29, 72 : to state the points aboiut 
 which authors are at v., ambigua pro- 
 mere, Tac. A. 6, 28. 
 
 variation : 1, varietas : a war 
 which had exhibited many v.s, helium 
 in multa v. versatum, Cic. Arch. 9, 
 21 ■ a v. in the measurement, mensurae 
 v., Plin. 6, 26, JO. _ 2. variatio : Liv. 
 24,9. 3. comnuitatio: the v.s of the 
 seasons, c. tempestatum coeli, Cic. Div. 
 2,42,89. 4. conversio: in ^(.Joined 
 with commutatio: ib. 5. vicis (esp 
 in pi.) : the ejirth renews her v.s, mutat 
 terra v., Hor. Od. 4, 7, j. 6. vicissi- 
 tudo ; the v.s of day and niglit, dierum 
 noetiumque v., Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 16: v. 
 change. Phr.: from his infancy he. 
 experienced v.s of fortune, casus prima 
 ab infantia ancipites, Tac. A. 6, 51 . 
 
 varicose: varieosus; Pers. ?, 189. 
 A V. vein : 1, varix, icis (a, Faccio- 
 lati) : Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35. 2. 'ari- 
 cula: Cels. 
 
 varied : variatus 1 v. vary. 
 
 variegate: 1. vano, i (chiefly 
 poet.): Virg. G. i, 441. 2. variego, 
 I : Auson. : V. TO coiX)UR, PAINT. To be 
 vjI, vario, i : Prop. 4 (5), 2, 1 3 . 
 
 variegated : 1. varius : Cic. Fin. 
 
 2, ), 10 v. lynees, Virg G. j, 264. 2. 
 variiitus : Cat. 64, 50. 3. variSgatus. 
 App. Flor. p. 346. 4. maculosui: 
 1'. marble, m. raarmor, Plin. j6, 6, 5, 
 init. 5. versleSlor {changing its 
 colour, many coloured) : a v. dress, v. 
 vestis, Liv. 7, 10. 6. multicolor: Plin. 
 37, lo, 60. 7. mullicdlorus : GelU 
 
 8. discolor (lit. of inharmonious 
 colour) : v. birds, d. aves, Plin. 10, 2, 2, 
 init. 9. bieolor {of two colours) : 
 a horse v. with white spots, albis equus 
 b. maculis, Virg. Aen. 5, 566 : v. 
 
 COLODU. 
 
 variegation: varietas: Cic. Fin. 2, 
 
 3, 10. 
 
 variety : 1. varietas : Cic Fin. 2, 
 
 5, 10: Asia exceeds all lands in the v. of 
 its productions, Asia varietatibus fruct- 
 uum omnibus lerrisantecedit, id. Manil. 
 
 6, 14 : still greater v. is found in men's 
 miniis, in animis exsistunt majores 
 eliam v., id. Off. i, Jo, 107. 2. vari- 
 antia: Lucr. i, 654. 3. diversltas 
 {of different, contradictory things) : v. 
 of plans, consiliorum d., Tac. H. 4, 76: 
 V. DiFFERFJs'CE. 4. muliitiido: the 
 V. of things exported, m. earum rerum 
 quae exportentur, Cic. Manil. 6, 14. 
 
 5, vieissitQdo v. of seasons, anni- 
 versariae (coeli) v., id. N. D. 2, 38, 97 : 
 
 V. VAEIATION, CHANGE. Phf.: a V. 
 
 of things, res variae, diversae: v. 
 
 VARIOUS. 
 
 various: 1. varius: Cic Fin. 2, }, 
 10 : v.and manifold qualities, quali tales 
 V. et quasi raultiformes, id. Acad. I, 7, 
 26: a V. reading, * v lectio. 2. di- 
 veTS\i%{different, implying confrai'ieh/') ; 
 tliey adopt V. plans, d. c^nsilia capiunt, 
 Caes. B. C. 3, 30. 3. multiplex, icis: 
 Cic. 4. multlmOdns: Liv 21, 8 
 
 (van lect.). 5. multljiigus (Jugis): 
 Cic. Att. 14, 9, I. 6. mullifarlns: 
 Gell. 7. multieSnus • Lucr. 2, S3J. 
 Phr.. v.perso7is, complures, nonnuUi: 
 irhen V. opinions were expressed, variatis 
 hominum sententiis, Cic. Mil. 3. 8 the 
 V. accounts giivn of Marcellus' death, 
 quae de morte Marcelli variant auctores, 
 Liv. 27, 21, ad fin.: v. to vary. A v. 
 reading, * leetionis varietas, * scripturae 
 dlscrepantia: v. beading (iv.). In «.
 
 V ATIIOUSLT 
 
 VAUNTING 
 
 V EH E M KX CK 
 
 places, iiiulrilariam (a<iB.) • Cic: Llv. : 
 tn V. ways, omni hmxId. Cic. 
 
 variously: 1. vaiie Cic. SalL • 
 Liv. 2. varittim Gell. 3. multi- 
 pllciter. yniiit. : also jnlrKKl witli varie, 
 id. 4. multlmOdls . F'laut. Mil. 4. 4, 
 5;. Phr. to be handled v., non uno 
 moclo traciari, Cic. Or. 35, 122. 
 
 varlet: I. a senant : pcrh. cA\o, 
 onls (a xiil'.ier's servant, horse-boi/). 
 II. A rascal : furcTfer, verbcro, Oiiis, 
 BCClus, ens: v. uas<;al, villain. 
 
 varnish (subs.) .- |. L i t. : perh. 
 atranicntuiii : PliiL (?5, lo, ;6, no. 18) 
 says of Apilles, absoliita opera atrameiito 
 tenui illinebat, i.e. a vaiTiish which pro- 
 served the piitiires and softened tiie 
 colours. II. Fig.: gloss, deceitful 
 
 shoii' : fucus . irilhout colouring and r., 
 sine plpiii'-niis f.qne, Cic. de Or. j, 52, 
 igq : witliiiut v. and deceit, sine f. et 
 fallaciis, id. Alt. i, i, i. 
 
 varnish ("•)•• I, Lit.: atramento 
 jUiiio. levi, liiutn, j: Plin. ?;, 10, j6, no. 
 18: V. preced. art. ||. Kig. : to give a 
 fair colouring to: 1. culoro, i: Val. 
 Max. 8, 2, 2. 2. veto, I : Tac. A. 14, 
 j6 ,_ V. TO coLOUit, coni;kal. y.'d, (1) 
 fQcatus vhat is w'd and pretended, f. 
 et siniulata, Cic. Am. 25, 9;: Plin. (2) 
 cOloratus: joined with fictus.Sen. Kp. 16. 
 
 vary : A. I' r a n s. 1. vario, 1 : 
 of colour, Virg. i, 441 ■ v. to vakieoate : 
 he uill V. his voice, vocem v., Cic. Or. 1 8, 
 59: to V. toil vith rest, v. laborem olio, 
 otiuin lab<jre, PUn. Kp. 8. 8, 4 : in pass. : 
 when opinions X'.'d, variatis honiiniim 
 sententiis, Cic. Mil. ?, 8 : pass, impcrs. : 
 qnum sentcnliis variaretur, l.lv. 22, 60. 
 
 2. infito, I • to V. one's st'jle of 
 speaking, m. orationem, Cic. Or. ji, 109. 
 Join: m. and vario, il>. 18,59: m. and 
 vorto, id. de Or. j,4;, !•;■). /«.: in pass.; 
 fortune v.s, forluna ni.. Cars. B. C. I, 59. 
 
 3. d slintino, nxi, nctum, }: joined 
 with vario: oralionrm v. ot d. quibusdam 
 verborum senteiiiianimqne insijniibus, 
 Cic. de Or. 2. 9, ;6 to v. and set off mil's 
 ttyle,A. ct illustrarc orationini, id. Inv. 2, 
 15,49: V. TO cii.vNGR. B. In trans. 
 
 1. varlo, I : of colour, uva v. 
 {changes). Prop. 4 (;), 2, IJ : report v.s, 
 fama v., Liv. 2";, 27, fn.: in pass.: 
 V. L, 1 2. inuto, I (<o change): 
 
 Liv. jg, 51 : in pass., v. L, 2 : v, to turn, 
 CHANGE. Phr.: to V. in his opinion, 
 decedt-re de sententia, Cic. IJalb. 5, 11 . 
 d. sententia, Tac. A. li, 49: not to v., 
 constare, sibi constare, Cic. 
 
 vase : 1. vas, vSsis, n., (a vessel, re- 
 ceptacle): murrhina vasa, or murrhina, 
 vases of Jluor spar, Plin.: v. Smith's 
 Ant. 769. 2. vasculum : Juv. 9, 141 : 
 Pluut. 3. amphora (a jar, for wine, 
 etc.): Hor. : v. Smith's Ant. 90. 4. 
 urceus (a pitcher) : Hor, 5. "rceSlus: 
 mentioned as a humble ornament of the 
 abacus, Juv. }, 20J : v. cui', ikjwl. 
 
 vassal : I. a feiulatory holder : 
 
 1. * vassallus : 1 Ui Cange. 2. In 
 Koman sense = cliens ; v. Smith's Ant. 
 *94- 3. clientela (mostly /^ur.); he 
 kneiv that I'omjicii had many v .t, mapn.is 
 esse Pompeio cliciiti'las sciebat, ('aes. 
 B. C. 2, 18, ./in. P li r. : they heciiiiie Chry- 
 togomis' vjs, se in Chrysogonl fidem et c. 
 contuleruiit, Cic. Hose. .Am. ?■;■ 106. ||. 
 A dependent: 1. cliens: Cacs. B. (J. 
 I, 4: of whole nations, vassals, lb. i, ?i. 
 
 2. assectator, oris (an attendant. foU 
 leicer) : Cic. Verr. 2, 1 1, 29. Phr.. ' hst 
 we be the v.s of fortune, ne fortima in iios 
 magnam habeat dominatlonein, Auct. 
 Her. 4, 19, 2"] : v. uei'endent. sfnjE(T. 
 
 vassalage : I. Feuiintory <^- 
 
 pendence: \. • vassuillagiuni . Du 
 
 Cange. 2. In llonian sense, clienlela: 
 Cic Kosc. Am. 57, 1-6. ||. Depend- 
 ence, generally: |ierh. .serviins. iitis: 
 V. DEPENUINCK. SUIUECTION. Phr.: a 
 life of v., sub domlnalione vita, Asin. 
 Poll, in Cic. Kam. 10. ji. ;. 
 
 vast (<"ij) •• I. lla-tfe, deserted : 
 
 Tastiis : V. et de.serla urbs, Liv. 24, }. 
 ad^iied.: v. wa-stk, dh^olatk. ||. '/ 
 ffreat size or extent ■ 1. va-stMs (of 
 excessive, shafielt^s size) : a v. beast, v. 
 beluu, Cic Kep. 2, 40, C'j. a v. sea. 
 
 V. mare, Caes. B. G. j, 12. ad fin.: 
 frequent in saperl. 2. ingens (of 
 excessive size, hug^-) ; a v. plain, i. cam- 
 pus, Cic. d>-Or. ?. 19, 70 : v. iilgk. 3. 
 immensus (biiundlets) : joined with in- 
 gens, Cic. de Or. j, ig, 70 : a v. sea, 
 mare i., id. 'I'usc. I. jo, 7 j to a v. extent, 
 per (ad, or In) imniensiim : at a v. price, 
 immeiiso. flin. 4. immanls, e {nvm- 
 strous) : Joiiii-d with vastus t-'ic. Hep. i. 
 40. 67 : with Ingens. id. Verr. }, 46, no. 
 5. magnus, esp. tuperl. : a v. amonnt 
 of honey, vis mellis maxima, Cic. Verr. 
 2,72,176. 6. atnplus,csp. sup>;;i. : id. 
 7. spaliosus: a v. body of utater, 
 s. aeqiior, Plin. 4, I, i : v. gkeat, lakge. 
 III. 01 abstract or mental qualities 
 and things: 1, ingens: v. glory, 1. 
 gloria, Liv. 2, 22: ';/ v. strength and 
 resirurces, i. viribus opibusque, Tac. H. 
 1, 61. 2. Immensus: v. passions, i., 
 Inhnitae cupldltates, Aiict. Her. 2, 22, 
 >4. 3. niapnus a v. task, opus m. et 
 arduum, Cic. Or. 10, j j : con^uiering of 
 V. importance, magiii existiinans Inter- 
 ess*', id. X. I). I. 4. 7. 4. amplus: 
 esp. sui>erl. : v. efecls are fell, amplis- 
 sinil effectus sentiuntur, Plin. 2, 40, 40: 
 V. great. 
 
 vast (subs.') : immensum : the whoU 
 v., omne I , Liicr. i, 75. 
 
 vastly: perh. maxlme: v. gkkatlv. 
 Phr.: 6m) .17 v. inferior in numbc^ 
 quoniani numero mullis partibus essel 
 inlerior, Caes. B. C. ?, 84: v. more, 
 omnibus partibus miyores (out of all 
 comparison), Cic Fin. 2, jj, 108 : v. 
 
 VKRV. 
 
 vastness ; 1. immensltas (of 
 
 space) : Cic. X. D. I, 20, 54. 2. im- 
 maiiilas (monstroiisness) : i. vitiorum, 
 id. I'oel. 6, 14. Phr.: expr. by arfj". : 
 the v. of the r bodies, ingens magnitudo 
 corponim, Cacs. B. G. 1, jg, init. : v. 
 greatness, size. 
 
 vat: 1. cupa (a wooden vat): 
 
 Oies. B. C. 2, II. 2. dolium (a very 
 large eartlten jar) : Hor. Od. j, 1 1, 27 : 
 Cat. : V. CASK. 
 
 vaticinate : validnor, i : V. to pbo- 
 pnr.sv, I'RiDKrr. 
 
 vaticination : vatidnado : v, pro^ 
 
 PUKCV, I'REDirrioN. 
 
 vault (siiiis.) : I. An arched roof: 
 1, fornix, itis (a stime vault) : Sen. 
 Kp. go, J2, vied. : Cic. Top. 4, 22. 2, 
 fornicatlo : Sen. : Vitr. 3. camera (also 
 camara): (strictly, an arclied roof of 
 V ood or plaiUr) : Cic. Q. Fr. J, I, 1, fin. : 
 Vitr. 7, }: theiideriarofa v., ccoelum, 
 ib. 4. caniciatio : Spart. 5. con- 
 cami/ratio: I'lin. : Vitr. ||. Araulted 
 apartment: 1, fornix, icis (a v.'d 
 opening, an arch, archway): Liv. ;?. 27. 
 2, camiSra (a v.'d chamber): Sail. C. 
 55- 3. hypogeum (a r. or ce//<iruHd«r 
 gnmnd) : Vitr.: used for burial, Pelr. 
 4. sometimes perh. cella (a store- 
 roirm, chiset) : used for storing wine, oil, 
 etc. . Varr. : Col. Phr.: an under- 
 ground v., locus sub terra saxo con- 
 septus : Liv. 22, 57, mal. Jn tlie form 
 of a D., iornicatira (euir.): Plin. |||, 
 A leap : saltus: v. leap. 
 
 vault ' ''•) •• A. T r a n 8. : 1. con- 
 fornlco, I . Vitr. 2. camCro (iiro). i : 
 Plin. 10, ??, 50. 3. concamCro: I'lin. 
 ?4, 14, 42 : a v.'d ajxirtment, locus c, 
 Snet-Aug.go. "R. InlTaus.: toleap : 
 salio, 4: V. to leap Phr.: tliey v. im 
 to their steeds, corpora saltu subjiiiunl 
 in equos, Virg. Aen. 12, 288: he vs into 
 his chariot, saltu emicat in currum, ib. 
 12, ?:6. 
 
 vaulted : fomlcfitus: Cic Top. 4, 22 • 
 V. priced, art. 
 
 vaulter : p<rh. lietanrista: Varr. in 
 Xon, . petauristarius: I'etr . v. Smith's 
 Ant. 
 
 vaulting: concJlmfiratlo . v. vault. 
 
 -board: y>orh. peiaunim: Juv. 
 
 14, :6i : V .■Smith's .\nt. 
 
 vaunt (•-■"''«■)•• J 1- jacuuitia : 
 
 vaunting: < J- miiitarib. r«c 
 
 Agr. 2? : J. sul, id. A. 2, 46. 2. jac- 
 talio (paraded : Coel. ad Cic Att lo. 9. 
 ;. 3. ostenUitio Cic. ile Or. 2, 82, 
 
 }JJ: in plur., id. .\tL 5, I}. 1. 4. 
 i N 
 
 vendilaljo: Id. Tu* . I, 16, 0.. ./nin.- 
 V. et osientatlo. Cic. 5. vBi>il6- 
 
 quentia : irith v.t .i<i (/•fva(.^, per V. AC 
 minas. rac. A. 6, ji v. ^OASTl^G. 
 
 vauntC'').- A. Trans. l.Jacto, 
 I (ol Something belonging or rrlatiug tj 
 owself: cf. Madvig In Cic. Fin. 2, C, 
 24) ■ to V. ones iuflumcr utul petition, 
 ). gratiam et dignitiiem. Cai-». B. C. j, 
 8j. e>p. wiih;/rr/n. 1 r fleet. : he VJ Ai'm- 
 self cinicfi~nin<i Call flu. t,\. fr de CalU- 
 dio,Cic. Verr.4,21.46 ojlrr v.inyaUiut 
 that, quum in eo w jocl«vis.vt. i.l. AtL 
 2, I, ;. 2. ■nientu, I (lo display, 
 }Mradr) : o prudenllani, Cic. F.ini. 10, j, 
 4 : Caes. B C. J, 8j : u. et pmr be lerre. 
 Cic. Alt. 2. 2}, I. 3. vei.dil-.. 1 {to err) 
 up what Is your oieri or amllier't). v. 
 siiam operani, Llv. 44, j 5, a,l nud.: 
 Cic. Verr. 2. 54, IJ?. 4. glOri"r. 1: 
 with cogn. neut., / u-ish I cmitd maLe U e 
 same r. at Cyiiu. v.-ll.-m id«'iii pi«ftv 
 g. qnod Cyrus, CiC Sen. 10, t2 yer., 
 a happy life it a tiling ^. r , UiiL« vil* 
 glorianda el prai-dicniula ei |it>e M 
 fi-riiiila est, id. Tu-c. 5, 17. 50- of. tsl 
 allquid praeilicabile el gloriaiidum uc 
 prae se leri'ndum, Ib. ^49. 5. pr»e- 
 filiM, I (tii pi aite): V. 4. B. ' "irana.. 
 
 1, glOrlor, I (very common, ti-p. In 
 Cic.) : / may v. lief ore you. lio-l apud 
 te g., Cic. Off. I, 22, 78 : you r. about 
 your rich's, de tuis divitiig g., id. Valin. 
 12. 2g: for other examples of coiistr., v. 
 Dr. Smith's UiL hid.: v. albu I J ., 4 . 2. 
 effcro, extull, elatum, }, with pron. re- 
 Jlect. : you v., elfers le ia-oleiiter, Cic 
 
 Tusc. 4, 17, jg: e. »cse audacia sitlere 
 atque siipirbia,Sall. J. 14; v. to boast. 
 Vaunter: 1. jaclalor, ori*; a n. 
 of his 0"-n exploits, J. reriim a se gesU- 
 rum. yuint. 11, i, 17. 2. o>ieiiiator, 
 oris : a v. of his acJiievemntts. fjctonim 
 (>., Llv. I, 10. 3. vendiUilor- fat. H. 
 
 1, 49, med. ilay freq. be expr. by adj. 
 vaunting (subs.) : Jaciantia . r 
 
 VAVST. 
 
 vaunting (n<0) • 1. >ct*n» 
 
 joiniHl «itli arrogans, iniiOlens, Cic, 
 fragni.: I'lin. I.p. 2. glOriusus: Cic: 
 I'lin. Kp. : v. VAISGLOKIOLS. 3. viriu* 
 ((f tmpty ostentation) : v. vain. 4. 
 viinilo<|uns: Liv. ;;, 48. 5. Jaclit* 
 bundiis : Cell. 6. Jactilibundns Sid. 
 vauntingly: l.jacunter Amm. 
 coniii. I.ic. 2. gloiioBc: Cic de Or. 
 
 2, 8, }i 
 
 veal: vitiil;na(n;. caro): Kaut.: also 
 Tiiulina. n. plur., Xep. a pitce of v., 
 viiulina caruiicula, Cic DIv. 2, 24. 52. 
 roaft v., assum viiullnum, id. Fain, o, 
 20, I. 
 
 vedette or vidette ; perh- exctt- 
 
 bltor . V. SENTINKU 
 
 veer: A.. Trtins.: to turn: L 
 verto, li, sum, }: v. ToTfKN. 2. ob- 
 liquo, I ((o tuiii olilii/uely) : Virg. Aen. 
 5, 16 (of ti-imming sails): to v. ouX a 
 rope, jierli. la.xare funem . v. rv slaikkm, 
 LET <io. B. 1 n I ra n s. : verto, ll. r.um. 
 f : alls, with pirm. rejtect. or pats. : tht 
 vind vs r-iund irom the .Vou/A to the 
 .'•'.-^o^s^ AustiT In Alrlcum Be v.. Cats. 
 
 B. 0. }, 26. fin. : V. TO TIBN. CIIASGIL 
 
 vegetable (•""''••) •■ I. "f 'hmp» 
 
 belonging lu the vegrfable kifijfiUnn: 
 most gen. word perh. |>Uinta Juv. • C*>l. 
 Phr.: ea quae a lerra ktirplbus con- 
 tineiitur. Cic. N. 1». 2, H, 81 quod :u 
 ortum e.-t e terra nt ^llr|^lbu^ i>ul» niLa- 
 tur, opp. animal, id. TusC. 5. ij, 17 •r<» 
 quae e terra gigiiuntur. jj. Vrgttaiiet 
 tor the labLe : 1. 01UN?ri.s toilitU'-n 
 V.S, prand.re olus, Hor. Kp I, 17, 1 1. 
 
 2. olii- iiliim : pi. : Cic All. b. i, i j. 
 
 vegetable (.<M;) • l^fh- •iwrmvju 
 
 ad plania?: the 1: world, * pLiulanim 
 genus: v. preccd. art. 
 vegetate: I. Lit.: 7b srrow. of 
 
 plants: vlnei.. 2 Join: viverv et v., 
 Cic. X. 1>. 2. ?t. 81: v. Til GROW. II. 
 Fig.- • 1'lant.ie qii.i>l Miiiiia^err. 
 
 veuetative : 1. vfgriAbiiui.e (act, 
 
 causing to gruic) : Marl. C^p. 2. K^ 
 nialis. e: v. prodcctivr. 
 
 vehemence: 1. vfh?m'niia(not 
 Aug/i : I'f jH-rsonal character, PUn. |<i, j, 
 4.^1 ;!• 2. '■'9 (strength, or forot): 
 gi}
 
 VEHEMENT 
 
 VENAL 
 
 VENGEANCE 
 
 (t) the V. of the jto)-n», v. tempestatis, 
 Caes. B C. z, 14. (ii.) of a speech, Clc. 
 Or. 68, 229. 3. contcntio {exertion) : 
 great v. of speech, siimnia vis et c. ser- 
 inonis, Cic. de Or. I, 60, 255. 4. im- 
 petus, us (lit., onset), (i.) the v. of the 
 vA-nd, venlorum i., Caes. B. G. J, l J, med. 
 (ii.) (itherwise there can be no force or v. 
 in speaking, aWierm orationenec i. ullus 
 nee vis esse potest, Cic. Or. 68. 229. 
 
 5. incitalio : (i.) of the rapid mf>- 
 tion of the sun, Cic. Acad. 2, 26, 82. 
 (ii.) transf : mentis i. atque alacritas, 
 Caes. B. C. ?, 92 : of an orator, vis atque 
 i., Cic. deOr. i, ?;, 161. Join any of 
 the preceding words wiih vis. 6. sta- 
 dium (eagerness, assiduiti/) : to fight 
 with v., alacritate et s. nili, Caes. B. G. 
 4, 24, /n. 7. ardor, oiis (hmt) : when 
 the V. of the passions is lessened, a. cu- 
 piditatum restincto, Cic. Fin. i, ij, 4J. 
 
 8. calor, oris {heat) : Quint. : Plin. 
 Ep. 9. aeslMS, us{m.nient commotion): 
 used met., the v. (lit. tide) of your 
 genius has carried you off from land, 
 repente te quasi quidam a. ingeiiii lui 
 procul a terra abripuit, Cic. de Or. 5, ;6, 
 14?- 10. sometimes, vi61entia (strong 
 ex^T., ferocity, violence): Cic. Phil. 12, 
 II, 26: opp. vis, Quint. 2, 12, 11. U. 
 sometimes, Iracundia (t>. of character, 
 proneness to anger) : Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 27. 
 
 12. animus ; of oratorical fire : 
 Quint. 
 
 vehement: I. vghemens (very 
 eager, impetuous) : (i.) Oalba was v. 
 and fiery, Galba v. atque incensus. Cic. 
 Brut. 22, 88 : V. and headstrong, v. 
 feroxquc, id. Vat. 2, 4. (ii.) transf: 
 of a style of speaking, id. de Or. 2, 49, 
 200 . 0/ the course of a river. Quint. 
 
 2. acer {keen, active) : (i.) a v. 
 patriot, civis acerrimus, Cic. Fain. 10, 
 28, I : V. in action, a. in gerendis rebus, 
 ib. 8, 15, 2. Join: a. et veheniens. 
 Id. Caec. 10, 28. (ii.) transf., 0/ a uar, 
 id. Balb. 6, 14. 3. contentus (s<ra?»!€(Z, 
 intent) : ■urith v. zeal, c. studio, Cic. Sest. 
 6, n: of the voice, id, Or. 17, 56. 4. 
 concitatus : of a style of speaking. 
 Quint. 5. incitatus . (i.) of rapid 
 motion, Caes. : Cic. (ii.) transf., a more 
 V. style of speaking, cursus in oratione 
 incitatior, Cic. Or. 59, 201. 6. ardens 
 {gloioing) : to seek death with v. desire, 
 a. studio petere mortem, id. Fin. 2, 19, 
 61 : of a style of speaking, id. Or. }8. 
 I J2. 7. flagians {yhnmng, blazing') : 
 fired vrith the love of studies, oratorjis 
 Stiidiis flagrantissimus, id. Fat. 2, j : 
 V. passion, f. cupiditas, id. Tusc. 4. 19, 
 44. 8. viOlentus (strong expr., mry 
 V.) : (i.) a V. and violent man, homo 
 vehemeiis et v., id. Phil 5, 7, 19. (ii) 
 of storms, id. Clu. 49, Ij8. 9. ^r- 
 vidus (fiery) .■ (i.) of character, chiefly 
 poet , Liv. 27, ?}. (ii.) of speaking, 
 Cic. Brut. 68, 241. 10. fervens : id. 
 Off. I, 15, 46 Hor. 11. calidus (hot): 
 of persons, fxjet. : of a course of policy, 
 Cic. Off. I, 24, 82. 
 
 vehemently : 1. vehementer : 
 
 (i.) to behave v., v. se agere, Cic. Phil. 8, 
 
 5, 16 : / implore you v., v. te etiam 
 atque etiam mgo, id. Att. 16, 16, D,fin. 
 (ii.) oj the loagh sea: Plaut. 2. 
 acriter ; to light v., a. pugnare, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 10, ad init. : Silius v. urged the 
 measure, Silius a. incubuit, Tac. A. 11, 
 
 6, init. 3. animose (ivith spirit) : 
 Join: acriter, vehementer, animose, 
 Cic. Tusc. 2, 2}, 51. 4. contents : 
 to speak v., c. dicere, ib. 2, 24, 57. 
 
 5. concitate : of speaking, Quint. 
 
 6. incitate- of style, Cic. Or. 6;, 
 211. 7. ardeiiter: to desire v., a. 
 cupere, id. Tusc. 4, 17, J9. 8. Aa- 
 granter : superl. of passiini, Tac. A. I, J. 
 
 9, ferventer ■ of speaking, CMel. in 
 Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2. 10. valde: to praise 
 any one too v., aliquem nimis v. laudare, 
 id. Leg. J, I, I : with vehementer, very 
 »„ v. vehementer. id. Att. 14, i, 2. 
 
 11. obnixe (strenuously) : Ter. : 
 Sen. Ep. 12. irapense (eai'nestly) ; 
 
 (^ requests, etc. : Ter. : Quint. : comp., 
 the Rhodians returned thanks more v., 
 impenslus Rbodii gratias egerunt, Liv. 
 914 
 
 J7, 56, ad fin. 13. 8Ttienter: ofcJe- 
 nmijf, Cic.Tusc. 4, 17, ?7. I'hr. : may 
 freq. be expr. by adj. and subs. ; to 
 fight v., *magno studio coiitend'-re : to 
 cry v.. *magna voce clamare : v. two 
 preced. arts. 
 
 vehicle : vgHcuium (gen. term) .- 
 Cic. : Liv. : v. carriagk. 
 
 veil (subs.) : \. A cover for the 
 face : 1. rica (a veil of cloth, worn by 
 women, esp. at sacrifices) : Varr. L. L. 
 5, 29, ?7 also on ordin:iry occasions, 
 Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 50. 2. rirlninm (worn 
 esp. by mourners) : Varr. L. L. 29, 57' 
 Cic. Leg 2, 2?, 59 : v. Smith's Ant 99;. 
 3. ricula (a v. worn by young 
 women) : Turp. in Non. 4. flamnieim[i 
 (a Jtame-coloured bridal r.) : Plin 21, 
 8, 22 : Juv. 5. flammeOlum {a small 
 or fine bridal v.) : Juv. A maker 0/ 
 V.S, flammearius, Plaut. j|. Any cover- 
 trig : 1. velum (a curtain, hanging) : 
 of tent hangings. Cic. Verr. 5, 12, ?o: 
 a curtain hung before a door ; Juv. 6, 
 228. 2. velamen (of clothes gene- 
 rally) : Virg. Aen. I, 649. 3, ve- 
 lamentum (a curtain): Sen. |||, 
 
 Fig.: a cover, a disguise: 1. in- 
 
 tegamentum ; pi. : Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 
 J50. 2. invSlucrum: pi.: Joined 
 
 with integumenta, ib. I, 35, 161. 3. 
 perh. velum : each man's real character 
 is concealed by v.s and coverings, invo- 
 lucris tegitur et quasi v. quibusdam 
 obtenditur unius cujusque natura, Cic. 
 Q. F. I, I, ;, i;. 4. obtentus, us: 
 Iter avarice was veiled, cupido auri o. 
 babehat, Tac. A. 12, 7, fin. : v. pre- 
 tence, PRETEXT, COVER. 
 
 veil (t'): I. Lit.: 1. velo, i: 
 with v.'d head, c&^\te v., C\c. N. D. 2, J, 10. 
 
 2. tego. Xi, Ctum, 3 : V. TO COVER. 
 
 II. Fig.: 1. velo, I : to v. hatred 
 under caresses, v. odium fallaciis, Tac 
 A. 14, ;6. 2. tSgo, xi, ctum, j: 
 
 joined with velo, Cic. Ms. 24, 56: v. to 
 
 COVER, COXCEAI,. 
 
 vein: |. Propr. l. vena:r.s 
 and arteries, v. et arteriae, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 55, 139 : to open a v. (of a physician), 
 incidere v., Cels.- ferire v., V'irg. G. j, 
 460: sanguinem mittere, Cic: v. to 
 BLEED : to opin a man's v.s (of an exe- 
 cutioner or suicide), v. incidere, Cic: 
 v. interscindere, abrumpere, abscindere, 
 exsolvere, aperire, Tac. : v. pertundere, 
 Jnv. : V. secare. Suet: v. solvere, Col. 
 2. venula (a small v.) : Cels. 
 II. Transf.: vena: av.ofTnetal, 
 CSc. N. D. 2,60, 151: a veining of a stone, 
 Plin. 57, 6, 24: of wood, id. 16, j8, 7J. 
 The spaces betiveen v.s (of minerals), in- 
 tervenia. Vitr. Pull of v.s. venosus: 
 Cels. Transf.: marked with v.s (of 
 plants or stones), Plin. |||. Fig.: a 
 V. of talent, vena ingeni, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 
 10: Juv.; Quint. 
 veined : venosus : v. prec. art. 
 vellum : 1. pergamena (charta), 
 parchment (invented by Eumenes, king 
 of Pergamum): Isid. Hier. 2. mem- 
 braxta (skin, parchment): Plin.: Hor. 
 
 velocity: 1. velocHas (smft mo- 
 tion in men or animals) : Cic. Ott. i, ?o, 
 • 07. 2. celeritas (iptickness of mo- 
 tion, agility) : id. Tusc. 4, i ?, 32 : cf 3, 
 used of V. in speaking, Cic. 3. 'u- 
 
 citatio (prop, word for v. in physical 
 philosophy) : the sun mores ivith such 
 v. tliat its speed cannot evm be imagined, 
 sol tanta i. fertur ut celeritas ejus ne 
 cogitari quidem possit, M. Acad. 2, 26, 
 82. 4. pernicitas (strictly continued 
 endurance, thence speed generally in 
 men or animals) id. Tusc. 5, I?, 4;: 
 Liv. : Tac. 5. rapiditas (a rare W(ird) : 
 the V. of the river, fluminis r., Caes. B C. 
 I, 62. II itft v.. ceieriter, Cii'. : peinl- 
 clter, Liv : raptim, Cic: Liv.: Caes. : 
 
 V. QUICKLr. 
 
 venal : I. Relating to the veins : 
 r. blood, *venarum sanguis. ||. Ojii-n 
 to corruption, mercenary : 1, ve- 
 
 nal is, e : Cic Verr. 3,62, 144: the v. mob, 
 multitudo v. pretio, Liv. 35, ;o. 2. 
 numarius . v. judges, n. judices, Cic. 
 Att. I, 16. 8. a v. judgment, n. judi- 
 cium, id. Verr. 3, 57, 131 •• Sen. Phr. : 
 
 the authority of the senate was destroyed 
 by av. tribune's veto, senatus auctoritas 
 enipta iritercessione sublata est, Cic. Mil. 
 
 6, 14,./'«- •• V. BRIBE. 
 
 venality : venalitas : Cod. Justin. 
 Use pertidia, turpiluilo • v. cokroptiok: 
 may be expr. by adj. ; the v. of the mob, 
 venalis pretio multitudo, Liv. 35, 50. 
 
 vend : vendo, dldi, ditum, 3 : v. to 
 
 SELL. 
 
 vender : venditor, oris : v. selleb. 
 vendible : vendibilis • Cic : V. sauc- 
 
 ABLE. 
 
 veneer (subs^) .- ligni bractea, cortex, 
 Icis : Plin. : v. foil. art. (b. is a thin 
 plate, e. g. of gold. I.ucr. 4, 729). 
 
 veneer ("•)•■ arborem alia iiitego: 
 villus ligno pretiosius cortice fsicio (vi- 
 liorls ligni e pretiosiore corticem faclo): 
 lignum pretiosioris ligni bractea tego, 
 intego : these are derived from the 
 following passage, describing veneering, 
 "haec prima origo luxuriae arborum. 
 alia integi et viliores ligni preliosiores 
 cortice fieri. Ut una arbor saepius 
 veniret, excogitatae sunt et ligni brac- 
 teae," Plin. 16, 45, 84, } 84, Sillig. 
 
 veneering : perli. luxuria arborem 
 alia integendi : v. was invented, bracteae 
 ligni excogitatae sunt, Plin. : v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 venerable: 1. vgnerabills, e: vlr 
 v., Liv. I, 7. 2. venerandus (as adj., 
 poet, and late Lat ) : v. Pales, Virg. 
 G. 3, 294. 3. rgvgrendus (as adj., 
 poet, and late Lat.) : v. vox, Ov. Ib. 75. 
 4. augustus, (lit. ronsecrated, hence 
 v., august) ; Ov. F. i, 609 : a v. temple, 
 templum augustissimura. Liv. 42, 12 ; 
 a V. man, a. vir, id. 8, 6. 5. some- 
 times sanctus {sacred, when applied to 
 persons, holy, pious) : a v. fountain, 
 s. augustusque fons, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36, 
 fin. 6. sacer (consecrated, rare) ; 
 
 V. groves, s. vetustate luci. Quint. 10, i, 
 88. 7. priscus (v. from antiquity) : 
 V. Jnachus, p. Inachus, Hor. Od. 2, 3, 21 : 
 a virgin of v. purity, p. sanctimonlae 
 Virgo, Tac A. 3. 69. 8. sometimes 
 gravis (influential, from weight of cha- 
 racter, etc.) : V. HONOURABLE. 
 
 venerate : 1. vgneror, i (vgnero, 
 Plaut.) (to trorship, revere) : Cic. N. D. 
 3, 21, ?} : when transf. to a person use 
 a qualifying expr. : to v. Epicurus, 
 Epicurum ut deum v., id. Tusc. i, 21, 
 48. 2. adoro, i (to norship, adore: 
 more emphatic than veneror) : when 
 transf. to a person use a quali lying 
 expr. : Eniiium sicut sacros vetustate 
 lucos a.. Quint. 10, i, 88. 3. colo, ui, 
 cultum, 3 (to worship, hon-our) : Cic. 
 N. D. I, 41, 115 : to v. Africanus, Afri- 
 canum ut deum c, id. Rep. i, 12, 18 ; 
 Join: c. and veneror, id. N. I). 2, 28, 
 71. Phr.: the Druids are v.d by 
 them, Druides magno sunt apud eos 
 honore, Caes. B. G. 6, i j : v. to honour. 
 
 veneration: 1. vgngratlo (rare) . 
 Cic N. D. I, 17, 45. 2. adoratio: Plin. 
 3. cultus, us: Cic. I'usi-. I, 26, 64. 
 all these words express vM-sliip paid to 
 the gods, and would not be applied to a 
 person without qualification : v. honouei. 
 With v., adj., vgngrahunilus: Liv. 5, 22. 
 
 venerator: _ l._ venerator, oris: 
 Ov. 2. adorator, oris: Pert. 3. 
 
 cultor, oris: Liv.: Hor.: Ov. Phr.: 
 a V. of the gods, 'qui deos colit et 
 veneratur, cf. Cic. N. U. 2, 28, 71. 
 
 venereal: vgngreus: ric. 
 
 vengeance : 1. "'^io (sen. expr. 
 esp. V. to.ken by a private person) : to 
 so/rifice to tfteiV «., ultioni niaciare, Tac. 
 A. 2, I 3 ; Sen. : Quint . to take v. on Fiso, 
 petere e Pisone u., Tac. A. 3, 7 : to glut 
 their v., explere se ultione, id. 4, 2?, ad 
 fin. 2. vindicta (punishment, re- 
 
 venge) : to glow with the hope if v., cnpi- 
 diuf vindictae inaidescere, Tac. A. ft, 32: 
 I'lin.: Juv.- vindicta and ultio used as 
 equivalent Juv. is, 190. 3. poena 
 (gen. tprm for punishment or penalty for 
 any offence) : esp. plur. : to suffer just 
 v., p. justas et debitas solvere, Cic. Mil. 
 31, 85 : to seek v.for his wrong, p. doloris 
 sui petere, id. Att i, 10, ■): lesthe exact 
 v., ne p. exigat, Juv. 10, 84: v. penaltt.
 
 VENIAL 
 
 VENTURE 
 
 VFRANHAH 
 
 The taking of v., vindicatio : Cic Inv. 2, 
 ■22, 66. To take v. (1) ulciscor, ultus, j. 
 (2) viiidico, I : v. TO avknge. 
 
 venial: I'hr. : expr. by adj. venia 
 (lignud, cui vpiiia dari possit: vhal they 
 do is v.. liabeiit excusalioncin, Cic. : this 
 is v., fieri id vldctur exciisate, yuiiit. : my 
 fault is v., pcccavl citra scelns, Ov. Tr. 
 J, 8, 2j: a V. fault, culpa ea quae sit 
 ignoscenda, Tcr. I'horm. 5, j, 26: lam 
 subject to sliyht and v. defects, medio- 
 cribus et quis ignoscas vitlis tfneor, 
 Hor. S. I, 4, I ji- [Notk: vfnifiljili.s, is 
 only used by later writers, sucli as Sid."] 
 
 venison: 1. fCrinadiro; Sall.X 
 18: feiina (^sc. caro): Virt;. Aen. I, 215. 
 
 2. cervina : Dioclct. I'ilict. 
 venom: I. l-it. : 1. v(5nf'num 
 
 (a substance producing physical etTects, 
 esp. poisuii) : Cic. N. 1). j, tJ. 81 : of ser- 
 pent's v., Virg. Aen. 2, 221 : Hor. Od. i, 
 J7, 28 : V. tnaluui, old legal formula in 
 Cic. Clu. 54, 148. 2. virus (jx;i'io;/o«« 
 liquid): ol serpent's v., Virg. G. i, 129. 
 
 3. sanies {poisonous slaver): of a 
 serpent joined with venenum, Virg. Ai-n. 
 2, 221 : s. vencni, Lucaii 6. 451. 4. 
 toxicum (prop, poison fur arrows) : Hor. 
 Kpod. !•;, 61 : I'lin. 5. perh. tiibum 
 (corrupt matte)') : Joined with sfinies, 
 Enn. in Cic. I'is. 19, 4J: Virg.: Ov. : 
 Hor. 6. fel (lit. gall): f. vipereum, 
 Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 16: V. I'oisox. II. ^'ig.: 
 
 1, vfiienuni: the v. ff his naturf and 
 country, naturae patriaeque v., Juv. j, 
 12? : virulence and v., pus atque v., 
 Hor. S. I, 7. I. 2. virus: to vent the 
 V. of his bitterness, evomere v. acerbi- 
 tatis suae, Cic. Am. 2}, 87. 3. fel: 
 
 V. BITTKRNr^SS. 
 
 venomous: I. lit.: 1. vEnen- 
 alus: I', snaki-s. v. cokibrae, Lucr. 5, 27. 
 2. vgnenifer : Ov. M. ?, 8?. 3. 
 vgncnosus : Aug. 4. vinilentus: of 
 seriievts. Gell. 5. perh. ater (a com- 
 mon epith. of serpents, etc.) ; a. venenum, 
 Hor. Od. I, }"}, 28. 6. perh. malus 
 (nacious) : m. virus, Virc. Q. i, 129. 
 f'hr. : the v. fury Aleclo, Gorgoneis 
 Alecto infecta venenis, Virg. Aen. 7, 
 J41 : their bile is v., venenum morsibus 
 inspirant, id. G. 4, 2j6 : v. poisonous. 
 II. I"'?-: 1. venenatus: a v. jest, 
 V. jocus, Ov. Tr. 2, 566. 2. ater . if 
 any /icw assailed me nith the v. tooth if 
 calumny, si quis a. dente me petiverit, 
 Hor. Kpod. 6, i; : v. verses, a. versus, 
 id. Ep. I, 19, JO. 3. perh. mordax 
 (biting, of persons and things) : v. bitter. 
 P h r. : no one makes a secret v. attack 
 on mi/ prosperity, non mea commoda 
 quisquani odio obscuro morsuque ve- 
 nenat. Hor. Kp. i, 14, 1': uhen assailed 
 by the V. fangs of salirf, dente Theonino 
 quum circumroditur, Hor. Ep. i, 18, 82. 
 
 vent (subs.) : I. An aperture, 
 
 passage: 1. splraculura (a b)-ea(Aijii7- 
 kole) : Virg. Aen. 7, 568 ; Lucr. : Pliii. 
 2. spiramen (rare and poet.): Enn.: 
 Lucan. 3. spiranientuni (o bnath- 
 ing-hiile, pore): heat opens v.s (in the 
 ground): calor s. relaxat, Virg. G. i, 90. 
 
 4. via: in />("r. joined with spira- 
 menia, Virg. G. i. 90. 5. lonlnien 
 (an aperture) : Cic: Plin. 6. exitus, 
 fls (a passage out): Plin. 7. some- 
 times perh. emissarium (an outlet of a 
 pond, lake, etc.) : Cic. : Suet. ||. 
 Fig.: escape, passage into notice or 
 expression: Phr. ■ the matter took v., 
 res percrebuit ; in ore atque sermone 
 omnium cocpit esse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2}, 
 56: their madness found v., furor eru- 
 pit, id. Sull. J4, 67 : their grief finds 
 t). in tears, dolore erumpunt lacrimae, 
 Qtiint. : whett his tears found r., quum 
 lacrimae prorumperent, Plin. Ep. j, 16: 
 
 V. TO BURST FORTH, IIRKA K OUT : tO give 
 
 v.to: erumpo: v. loll. art. |||. Sale, 
 market: venditio : v .s.m.k. markkt. 
 
 vent ("■) •• I. '/" ''' out by an 
 aperture : perh per foramen gmltto, 
 misi, missum, j : v. to lkt out. ||. 
 Fig.- To give v. or expression : 1, 
 erumpo, upi, uptum. ! : lest they v. their 
 wrath on me. iie in iiie stoniachum e.. 
 ClC. Att 16, }, I : \av. Ter. : Tac. 
 2. efTmido, udi, usum, } : he v.s his 
 
 anger on the Maronilae, in Maronilas ' 
 Irani e., Liv. jg. 54, init. 3. Cviiiiio, ; 
 ui, itum, }: to v. his venom and bittrr- 
 7iess, e. virus acerblt.itis suae, Cic. .Vm. 
 2 J. 87. 4. exproiiio, psi. ptum, }: 
 
 thm he v.'d his liatred, delude suuni e. 
 odium. Cic. Att. 2. 12, 2: id. Mil. I{, )}: 
 V. to iiiM'f av. Kxi'ithuss. I'onic forth. 
 
 vent-hole: perh. Riramen : v. vf.nt. 
 
 ventilate : |. L i t. : sometimes 
 ventilo, I (to fan, hence to expose to tlie 
 air): of wine, corn, and the like : Plin.: 
 OjI.: Varr. Phr.: the'/ pn-frr grana- 
 rii-s to be thoroughly v.d. perflari un- 
 dique granaria malunt, Plin. 18, }o, 75: 
 they V. the room, perflatus admittunt, id. 
 17, 19, ?i : a irAl-v.d house, aediticlum 
 habens perflatum, Cels. i, 2 : Plin. 1 8, 17, 
 44, no. 2. II. Fi g. : to discuss, publish : 
 * in medium profero, tuli, latum, irreg. : 
 V. to DI.SUUSS. kxamink, iuhi.ish. 
 
 ventilation : 1. 1- i t. : 1. venti- 
 laiio (exposing to the air): of grapes: 
 Plin. 25. 1,6. 2. perfiulus, fis : Ir.tv.be 
 secured b;i opening the u-indows, fenes- 
 tris patentilius sic ut p. aliquis accedat, 
 Cels. 1,19: a place u-ith good v., locus 
 perflabllis. Pall. : v. preced. art. ||. 
 Fig.: discussion, publication: perh. 
 patefactio ; would usually be expr. by 
 part, or verb : v. dis('u.s,sion, etc. 
 
 ventilator : P«rh. foramen : v. vf.nt. 
 
 ventral : X. ventralis : Macr. 
 
 2. ventriculosus : Coel. Aurel. : may 
 be e.\pr. hy gen., ef^.., of venter. 
 
 ventricle: ventricQlus: a v. of the 
 henrt. V. rordls, Cic. N. D. 2, 55,"l}8: 
 Cels. 4, I, uses v. for the stomach : the 
 right V. of the heart: v. pulmonaris; 
 A11.1t. 
 
 ventriloquist: ventriloquus: Tert. : 
 Hier. fGk. irvilutv, leni. wuBiiivKKTo. : 
 Plut. (Kr.)] 
 
 venture (mbs): \. Risk: \. 
 pp.ricfilum (danger, risk) : to risk a v., 
 p. subire, Caes. B. G. i, 5 : v. risk, and 
 toll. art. 2. discrlmen (crisis, risk) : 
 freq. joined with periculuni : Cic. 3, 
 alea (hazard) : ve hazard a perilous v., 
 in dubiam a. imus, Liv. i, ij,adfin.: 
 V. foil. art. 4. casus (chance, accident) : 
 v. foil. art. 5. dimiciitio (struggle) ; 
 a V. of life, vitae d., Cic. Plane. ?2, 77. 
 Phr.: audax facinus, ( onatus. coeptum, 
 inceptum : a Ixild v. is d{i7igerous, non 
 fit sine periculo facinus magnum, Ter. 
 Heaut. 2, J, 7J • aid my bold venture, 
 audacibus annue coeptis, Virg. G. i, 
 
 40: Liv. 42, 59: v. ATTEMl'T. II, A 
 
 thing risked : perh. fortunae. res, b6na : 
 V. FOUTUNF.S. At a V. : tgmf re, temere 
 ac forluito, imprfidenter, ciisu : v. ran- 
 dom (at). 
 
 venture ('•■) •• A. Trans.: |. 
 To (xpose to risk : pgriclitor. i (rare in 
 this sense): we must not v. the safety of 
 the state, non est salus perlclitanda rei 
 publicae, Cic. Cat. i, 5, 11 : v. to risk, 
 ENDANGF.R. Phr.: with the words given 
 in preced. art. : to v. one's safety, in peri- 
 culum se committere, id. inv. 2. 8, 27, 
 fin. : to V. one's life, periculuni ;idire capi- 
 tis, id. Rose. Am. }8. iio: to r. all. dare 
 suminam rernni in aleam, Liv. 42, 59, ad 
 fin. : to V. one's safety, se in ali-am tjmtl 
 casus dare, id. 42, 50 to v. the issue, rem 
 in casum dare, Tac. A. I2, 14 v.ing a 
 stake, posito plgnore, Ov. A. A. i. 168: 
 the}/ are ready to v. any vag'r, quovis 
 plgnore contendunt. Cat. 44, 4: v. to 
 HAZARD. RISK; to V. one's //MI'/, peiicli- 
 tarl capite. Mart. 6, 26, i : v. ill. : to v. 
 erne's fortunes, de fortnnis dimicare, Cic. 
 Sesi. I, I. II. To undertake what is 
 attended n-ith risk : 1. aud<'o. ausus, 
 2 (to dare): nhal emiiol-lens him to v. 
 this? qua audacia laiitum facinus a.? 
 Ter. Eun. ?, 4, ?7 : to v. a liitlte. a. 
 acieni. Tac. A. 11, 28: Liv.: Caes.: 
 with inf., he never v.d to hope, nun- 
 quain est ausus optare, Cic. Maml. 
 9, 2;, init. 2. Conor, I (to at- 
 
 tempt): to r. so great an undertaking, 
 c. taniam rem, Liv. 42, 59: v.to at- 
 Ti MtT. 3. lento, I (toput to the (»iM ; 
 to V. the finiunr of var, t. foriunam 
 belli, Caes. B. G. i, j6: for other ex- 
 amples of constr. t. Dr. Smkh's I^at, Diet. 
 
 4. periclltor, 1 (to make trial of\ 
 Joined with lenUire : to v. the fortune cf 
 liar, belli fortuoam t«ntaT« ac p.. Cic. 
 Verr. 5, 50, U2. 5. expCrior, 4 (to 
 try, prove): to v. everything, e "iiiiiiA, 
 Ter. Andr. 2, I, 1 1. B. 1 "l r a n ^. : (o 
 encounter risk : 1. auilco, ausujs. j ; 
 it is more dangerous Ui te .'.'^-'- ■ <h.\n 
 to v., periculosiug est depr^ im 
 
 a., Tac. Agr. 15, /in. 2. i • 
 
 bold in V.ing, audax ad coiiaiiduni, Liv. 
 45. 2}. 3. periclltor (tt> be in peril, 
 will often e.\pr. phrases coming in Eng- 
 lish under /.): that the lives of the 
 Hauls might lie v.d rather than those oj 
 the hgioiiarier, ut piillu> Gnlloniro vita 
 quam legiiiiiurlum p.. Cues. U. G. 6, {4, 
 Jin.: V. I. phr.: v. also to OABe, to 
 
 ENOOUNTER (II.). 
 
 venturesome: I. '/ person*: 
 
 reaiiy In euioiinler risk : \. audax, 
 iicis (Ijold, more freq. in l>ad tense): 
 with gen. : of r. soul, a. ingenii. SlaL S. 
 }. 2, 64; with inf., a. omnia perpetl, 
 Hor. Od. I, J, 25' 2. aiidens ((mUI, 
 mostly in good sens<-)r Tac: Virg. 
 3. tSm6rariU8 (rath, freq. In bud 
 sense): v. and ignorant per$ons, hom- 
 ines t. et iniperili, Gies. B. G. 6, 20. 
 Join: temerarlus and audax, Cic. Inv 
 I, i, 4. II, of things: iuvotving 
 
 risk: \, audax, acis a v. plan, a. 
 consilium, Liv. 25, ?8, ad med. 2. 
 tCmerarius : a v. plan. I. consilium. 
 Plane, in Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 2: this is v 
 conduct, ea sunt t.. Cic. Caetln. IJ, J4. 
 3. pfriculosus (dangerous). 4. 
 diibius (dilVcidt, dangerous). 6. *"• 
 ceps (criticcU, dangerous) : v. DANCkit- 
 ous. 
 
 venturesomely : 1. audSritcr 
 
 (older form) : Liv. 2. audacter: Cic: 
 Liv.: v. BouiLY. 3. timgre: Cic. ■ 
 Liv.: Caes.: v. rashly. 
 
 venturesomeness : 1. audacia 
 V. BOLDNKss. 2. lemeritas: v. kash- 
 
 NESS. 
 
 venturous: audux: v. vkkturk- 
 
 SOME. 
 
 venturously: audacter: v. vkn- 
 
 TUBl-:SOMKI.Y. 
 
 venturousness : audacia: v. vf.n- 
 
 TUBKSOMi;NI->oi. 
 
 venue: '" hiw, a iJace II here an 
 actio7i is laid: |. In Kngl. law • vici- 
 netum, visnetuni, vicinitas : I'u Cange. 
 
 II. in clas.-i. I>at. : 1. perlt lorum 
 (a court-district): Uie (totes uho tte- 
 longed to that v., civilates quae in id f. 
 convenirent, Cic. Verr. 2, 15, j8 : beyond 
 his oihfi t'., extra suum f., lb {. 15, j8. 
 
 2. conventus (an assise-circuit or 
 district. V. Smith's Ant. J57): Plin. j, 
 I, ?. etc. 
 
 veracious: 1. vSrus (true, in 
 the sense of trtdh-sjieak-ing : rare) : am 
 / v.r sum v..' Ter. Andr. 2. 5. 12- of 
 an oracular resp<jnse. v. oraculum, Cic. 
 DIv. 2. 56. 116 V. TRUK. 2. vSrax, 
 acis: a v. oracle, v. oraculum. ib. I, 
 19, }8 : Plaut. : Hor. : I'hy should J 
 consider Herodotus more v. than A.>i- 
 niusf Herodotum cur veraclorem du- 
 cam Ennio .» Cic. I Hv. 2, 56, 1 16. 8. 
 verldicus (mre) : t>. words, v. voces. 
 ib. I, 45, loi : Lucr. : Mart 4. perb. 
 l6cuples,etis(/iii»/""i""V.of wiliu'!***). 
 
 6. sanctus (<;/' uitnrsses. evidence, 
 
 etc.): V. TKU.sTWORTHV, CltKl.lBI.K, 
 
 Veraciously: 1. vcri- (tndy): 
 
 Cic: J sptu': most r., verissliii'- Unjuor, 
 Id. Att 5. i'.l- 2. vCriiclur; PlauV 
 ace. to IVIs..: Aug. 3. vCrldlc*- 
 .\mm.: .\"g. 
 veracity : 1. v5rit»* (truth) : u. 
 
 of oracles, oraculoruni v., Cic Piv. i, 19. 
 J7: of H-itnesstf. ill. I.eg. I, I, 4 v. 
 truth. 2. fl'le- (good faith, con- 
 scienlioiisness : d- tin. d as diclonmi con- 
 venlorumque con.*t.iiitla et veriias. Id. 
 Off. I, 7. 21)' of witnesses: Id. Font. 6, 
 2?. 3. rellgio (relllKlo) (scrupulous- 
 ness, conscientiousness) : you irill tee 
 with II hat V. the witnesses pur evidence. 
 intelligetis qua r. dicant, id. hlncc 4. 
 10. .iolu: tides et religiu. Id. Koac 
 (.'oni. I?, 4< : id. Font. 6. 2J. 
 verandah: 1. subdiile (in jn.. 
 9'5
 
 VER 
 
 VERGE 
 
 VERSATILE 
 
 opeji galleries or terraces) : Plin. j6, 25, 
 6z • 'i'ort. 2. podium (a baJamy) : 
 Plin. Ep. 5,6, izTVitr. 
 
 verb : verbum : Cic. de Or. j, 49, 191 : 
 active v.s. verba agentia, Gell. : v. activa, 
 Cbaris. : Prise. : neuter v.s, v. neutra, 
 id. }Mssive v.s, v. patiendi, Quint. : v. 
 passiva, Charis.: Dlomed.: Prise 
 
 verbal : I, Sy word of mouth, 
 oral . P h'r. : / have given him more 
 V. than written instructions, plura illi 
 mandata verbo quam scriptura dtdimus, 
 Plane, ad Coss. in Cic. Fani. 10, 8, 5: 
 you gave v. testimony to your feelings, 
 vocem vivara prae vobis indicem volun- 
 tatum tulislis, Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4 (so viva 
 vox is used by Quint, and Sen.): all 
 disputes %Ml bi settled by a v. interview, 
 fore, ut per coUoquia omnes contro- 
 versiae componantur, Caes. B. C. i, 9, 
 Jin. : let everything else be kept for v. 
 communication, caetera praesenti ser- 
 mon! reserventur, Cic. Q. F. 2, 8, 1. 
 II, Dealing with words rather than 
 things: Phr. : with verbum (in pi.): 
 the straits 0/ v. subtleties, istae verborum 
 angustiac, Cic. Caec. 29, 84 ; a dispute 
 vfv. (iistiwciions, disceptationis res, Li v. 
 21, 19, init. : if we are to make the facts 
 depend on v. distinctions, si ad v. rem 
 deflectere velimus, Cic, Caec. i3, 51: lie 
 judges by a v. standard, omnia v. mo- 
 mentis e.xaminat, id. Rep. j. 8, 1 2 : a mere 
 V. critic, auceps syllabarum (* verbo- 
 nim),id.iieOr.i,55,2?6. |||. Wordfor 
 ward, literal: Pbr. . with verbum : 
 Latin plays ivhich are a v. translation 
 from, the Greek, fabellae Latinae ad v. 
 de Graecis expressae, Cic. Kin. i, 2,4: 
 that would be a v. trandation , Id. v. 
 esset e v., id. Tusc. !, 4, 7 ^ ^"^ '"^ given 
 a V. translation, v. de v. expressum ex- 
 tulit, Ter. Ad. prol. 11: to give a v. 
 translation, v. pro v. reddere, Cic. Opt. 
 Gen. 5, 14 : v. v. reddere, Hor. A. P. IJJ : 
 / have given a v. translation from 
 Dicacarchus, totidem verbis a Dlcaearcho 
 transtuli, Cic. Att. 6, 2, i. 
 
 verbally : \. By word of mouth ; 
 per coUoquia: to treat v. concerning 
 peace, per c. de pace agere, Caes. B. C. 
 }, i8,./m.; V. VEUBAL [I.]. ||. Word 
 for word: ad verbum, e verbo, etc.: v. 
 
 VERBAL [111.]. 
 
 verbatim: tStJdem verbis : Qc. Att. 
 2, 6. J : V. VEBBAL [111 ]. _ 
 
 verbena! l, verbenaca(t'«rr)am); 
 Plin. 2. * verbena officinalis ; Linn. 
 
 verbiage : verba (pi.) .- this is mere 
 V. and nonsense, v. sunt atque ineptiae, 
 
 Cic, Pis. 27, 65 . V. VERBOSITY. 
 
 verbose : 1. verbosus : a V. pre- 
 tence of foresight, v. slmulatio pruden- 
 tiae, Cic. Mur. 14, jo; a v. letter, v. epi- 
 stola, Juv. 10, 71 : iu comp. Cic^: sup. 
 Quint. • v. GARRULOUS. 2. copiosus 
 (in good sense); v. copious, febtile, 
 
 ELOQUENT. 
 
 verbosely : 1. verbose : Cic. 
 
 Mur. 12, 26 : verbosius, id. Fara. 7, J, S •' 
 V. GARRULOUSLY. 2. copiose (in good 
 sense) : c. et abundanter loqui, id. de 
 
 Or. 2, J5, 151 : V. FULLY, ELOQUENTLY, 
 
 verboseness : v. foil. art. 
 
 verbosity: 1. verbosltas: Prud.. 
 Symm, 2, loquacitas: v. talkative- 
 ness, loquacity. Phr. : with verbum 
 (in pi.) : what is so insane as mere un- 
 meaning v. ? quid est tam furiosum quam 
 verborum sonitus inanis nulla subjecta 
 sententia? Cic. de Or. i, 12, 51 : such v., 
 tauta turba v., ib. j, ij, 50 i unmeaning 
 v., inanis v. voiubilitas, ib. I, 5, 17: in- 
 anium v. flumen, id. N. D. 2, I, I : in- 
 anium v, torrens. Quint. 10, 7, 2J : de- 
 terrima v. coUuvio, Gell.: inanis quae- 
 dam profluentia loquendi, Cic. Part. 2J, 
 81. 
 
 verdancy : vlridUas : v. verdure. 
 
 verdant; 1. y'miWs {green, fresh): 
 walking on a v. bank, in v. ripa inam- 
 bulantes, Cic. Leg. i, 5, 15 . land is 
 clothed with v. gi-ass, v. se gramiuo ves- 
 tit, Virg. G. 2, 219. 2, virens. v ivy, 
 hedera v., Hor. Od. i. 25, 17: Virg. 
 3. viridans: on a v. bed of grass, 
 V. toro herbae, Virg. Aen. 5, ?88. 4. 
 herbobus (grassy): v. pastures, U. pas- 
 416 
 
 cua, Ov. Mv 2, 689 Virg.: Hor.; v. 
 GRASSY. 5. frondens (leafy) : v. 
 
 groves, {. nemora, Virg. Aen. 1, 191 : v. 
 leafy. 6. flOrons; v. blo<jming. 
 
 Somewhat v., subviridis (of leaves), Plin. 
 To be v., vireo, 2 : verno, 1 : t» become v., 
 vlresco, j : to become v.again, reviresco, 
 rui, J, Tac. : Ov. 
 
 verdict: I. The decision of a jury 
 or court : 1, sentenlia (the v. of an 
 individual judex, also the decision of a 
 court): (he said) that he should giiva 
 V. of guilty, sua Ilium s. condenuiatum 
 iri, Cic. Clu. 26, 72: that slave is ac- 
 quitted by an unanimous v., servus ille 
 omnibus s. absolvitur, id. Ven-. 4, 4;, 
 100 -. Cato pronounced the v. of the 
 court, Cato s. dixit, id. Off. J, 16, 66 : you 
 will give your v., s. vos feretis, id. Verr. 
 4, 47, 104. 2. jiidicium (the decision 
 of a court) : Cic. Clu. 28, 76 : ib. ?7, loj : 
 v. JUDGMENT. 3. ''P* jiidicata : you 
 whose case rested on the v.s of the courts, 
 tu cujus accusatio rebus Judicatis niti 
 videbatur, Cic. Clu. 41, 1 14 : v. decision. 
 Phr.: to pronounce a v., pronunlio, I 
 (with or without sententiam): Cic. Fin. 2, 
 12, J7 ; id. Off. J, 16, 66 : judlco, i : v. to 
 JUDGE, DECIDE: to give a v. of acquittal, 
 absolve, vi, utum, i . v. to acquit : to 
 give a v. of guilty, condenino, i : v. to 
 CONDEMN : they gave a v. of not proven, 
 sibi non liquere dlxerunt, id. Clu. 28, 76 : 
 tite consuls gave their v. in favour of 
 the Buthrotians, consules secundum 
 Buthrotios decreverunt, id. Capit. post 
 Att. 16, 16, 2 : he who is to give a v. in 
 our favour, is qui nobis causani adjiidi- 
 caturus sit, id. de Or. 2, 29, 1 29 : v. to 
 AWARD: his v.will be that Alexandria 
 does not belong to the Roman people, 
 Alexandriam a populoRom. abjudicabit, 
 Cic. Agr. 2, 16, 4? : V. art. judex, Smith's 
 Ant. II, T r a n s f. : opinion, judg- 
 ment: 1. sententia: v. opinion. 2. 
 judicium : v. decision, judgment. 
 
 verdigris: 1. aerugo: Pi in. J4, 
 11,26. 2- aenica : Vitr. 3. *nerugo 
 aeris: Chem. 
 
 verdure: 1. virtdftas: the sprout- 
 ing v., herbescens v., Cic. Sen. i;, 51: 
 pratorum v., ib. 16, 57- 2. viridia 
 (pi., green shrubs, etc.): Plin.: Vitr. 
 Phr.: the v. iirith which the banks are 
 clothed, viridissuni riparum vestitus, 
 die. N. D. 2, J9, 78: to be clothed with 
 v., vireo, 2 : v. veedant. 
 
 verge (subs.) : .Lit.: 1. margo, 
 inis: of a fountain, Ov.M. J, l(>2: Juv. 
 J, 19 : at the empires extremest v., in im- 
 perii m., Ov. Tr. 2, 200 : v. edge, brink. 
 2. ora (border, edge) : of a shield, 
 Virg. Aen. 10, 24}: Lncr.: ihev.ofthe 
 universe, extrema o. mundi, Cic. N. D. 
 2, 40, loi, 3, finis: v. boundary, 
 Lmrr. ||. Fig. Phr. : fee is om the 
 V. of madness, assidet insane, Hor. Ep. 
 
 1, 5, 14: he had brought the state to the 
 u. of ruin, prope toUim rem publicam 
 in piaeceps dederat, Liv. 27, 27, ad fin. : 
 to restore a sick person from the v. of 
 death, aegrum ex praecipiti levare, 
 Hor. S. 2, J, 292 : to be on the v. of ruin, 
 extrema tegula (Lips, regula) stare, Sen. 
 Ep. 12, 4 : on the v, of despair, in ex- 
 trema spe salutis, Caes. B. G. 2, 27 : so 
 much on the v. of death, tam capularis, 
 Plant. Mil. j, I, j?. |||. A rod of 
 office : may be expr. by fasces, pi. : or 
 vindicta, festiica (the rod of manu- 
 mission): v. bod. 
 
 verge ("•)•■ I. ^" inchne, slope: 
 
 I, ^ergo, J : the hill v.d tovards 
 the river, colli.s ad flumen v., Caes. B. G. 
 
 2, 18, init. : Cic. 2. inclino, I (with 
 pron. reflect; pass., or neut.) : when day 
 ivas v.ing tonards afternoon, inclinato 
 in postmeridianum tempus die,Cic.Tusa 
 5, I, 7 : tlie sun vji dotcnivards, sol se i., 
 Liv.q, }2 : soil., Juv. j, ji6: v. to slope. 
 
 II, Fig.: to incline, tend : vergo, 
 ? voiv that his life vas v.ing to its 
 close, vergente Jam senecta, Tac. A. 4, 
 41 suam aetatem vergere, ib. 2, 4} : v. 
 to tend. Phr.: the science of dialectic 
 vx upon eloquence, dialectorum scientia 
 vicina et finitissima eloquentiae, Cic. Or. 
 }2, iij , v.ing closely upon truth, prox- 
 
 ima veris, Hor. A. P. j}8 : to v. upon, 
 may be expr. by non multum distare, 
 differre, diversum esse, etc. : v. to bor- 
 
 DEU UPON. 
 
 verger : perh. lictor (the magistrate's 
 attendant): or apparitor (o public ser' 
 vant, gen. term). 
 
 verification: I. confirmation by 
 argument or evidence : I'h r. : in v. of 
 this, ad hoc demonstrandum, proban- 
 dum : v. confikmation, proof. j|, 
 'Testing ami approval : perh. probatlo • 
 
 v. EXAMINATION. 
 
 verify ; I. ^V) confirm, as ti-ue : 
 
 priJbo, I : V. TO CONFIRM, PROVE. Pbr.: 
 icould I could V. his expectations, utinam 
 spem inipleverim, Plin. Ep. i, 10, j ; 
 so, explore spem. Just. : do we wonder 
 that our dreams are sometimes v.'d f 
 miramur aliquando id quod sonmiarimus 
 evadere? Cic. Div. 2, 59, 121 ; so, verum 
 evadere, ib. 2, $}, 108 : the predictions 
 of the soothsayers ivere not v.'d, respond :. 
 baruspicum exitus habuerunt contraries, 
 ib. 2, 24, 52 : hmv seldom are their pre- 
 dictions v.'d, quota enim quaeque res 
 evenit praedicta ah istis? ib. 2, 24, 52. 
 II, To examine and approve : probo, 
 
 I : V. TO EXAMINE. 
 
 verily: 1. certe: v. assueedly, 
 TRULY. 2. pr6fecto : v. surely, cer- 
 tainly. 3. ne (nai, =: vol. vt)), (by 
 Cic. used only before prons., ego, tu, ilU, 
 etc. : esp. in oaths) : verily you have 
 bought a fine place, medius tidius ne tu 
 emisti locum praeclarum, Cic. Att. 4, 
 46, 2: Plaut. 
 
 verisimilar : veri slmilis (also 
 written as one word) : v. probable. 
 
 verisimilitude : ^gri simiiitado 
 (also written as one word) : v. proba- 
 bility. 
 
 veritable : verus : v. true. 
 
 veritably : vero . v. truly. 
 
 verity ; Veritas : V. truth. 
 
 vermiculated ; veimiculatus (arch. 
 of work inlaid so as to resemble the 
 tracks of worms) : Lucil. in Cic. Or. 44, 
 149 : Plin. 
 
 vermilion (subs.) .• 1, minium 
 (native cinnabar) : Prop. 2, j, 11. 2. 
 perh. cinnabaris (more prob. dragon's 
 blood, a resinous substance of a red- 
 brown colour) : Plin. A v. mine, mi- 
 niaria (or, -um), miniarium metallum, 
 PUn. 
 
 vermilion (.adj.) • 1. miniriiiii> 
 i^coloured with v.) : m. Jupiter, Cic. Fani. 
 9, 16, 8. 2. niiniatulus : a v. pe^ictl 
 mark, m. cerula, Cic. Att. 16, II, I. 3. 
 minialus : m. cerula, Cic. Att, 15, 14, 4 : 
 of a paii-ot, Plin. 10, 42, 58. 4. nii- 
 niaceus : Vitr. : v. red. 
 
 vermilion (^.) ■• minio, i : Plin. : v. 
 
 TO PAINT, COLOUR. 
 
 vermin : perh. bestiSlae molestae 
 (molestus is used of mice infesting a 
 house, Phaedr. i, 22, j): different sorts 
 of v., variae pestes, Virg. G. i, 181: 
 quae plurima terrae monstra ferunt, ib. 
 185 : cf. the passage, for particular kinds 
 of vermin. 
 
 vernacular (sm6«.)j sermo patrius : 
 V. foil. art. 
 
 vernacular (adj.): 1. vema- 
 culus (lioine.-born : no good authority 
 for applying it to language): our v. 
 pleasantry, v. iestivitiis (i. e. native) : 
 Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2 : V. ^vords, v. vocabula, 
 Varr. 2. patrius: our v. tongue, p. 
 sermo, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4: the poverty of 
 our V. tongue, p. scrmonis egestas, Lucr. 
 I, 8j2. 3. nostras, atis : our v. words, 
 n. verba, Cic. Fam. 2, 11, i. 4. niay 
 be expr. by noster, vester, etc.: v. ouu, 
 lOUB, etc. 
 
 vernal: vemns: the v. season, v. 
 tempus, Cic. Sen. 19, 70 : the v. equinox, 
 V. aequinocliuni, Liv. jj, J- 
 
 veronica : *veronica : Lino. 
 
 verrucose (having rvaits): verrii- 
 cosus : Aur Vict. : Cic. Brut. 14, 57 (a 
 name given to Q. Fabius Maximus). 
 
 versatile: I. Lit: versatllis, e •. 
 Plin.: Lucr.: Sen. v. cHANGEABLfc 
 
 MOVEABLE, VARIABLE. ||, Fig. 
 
 variable, unsteady ; 1. versatilis ; v, 
 fortune, v. fortuna. Curt. 5, 6, fin. : Sen
 
 VEKSATILITY 
 
 VERY 
 
 VERT 
 
 2. variuS: V. CHANGEABLE, VARt- 
 
 ABLE. III. Of the mind : cliarujing 
 
 with eofe from ftne thing to anotluti- -. 
 1, versatilis: UU v. geniut, v iri- 
 genium, Liv. 59, 40. 2. ^arius : Plalo 
 was I'., Plato V. et multiplex fuit. Cic. 
 Aca<l. 1,4, I'j. 3. moh'iWs, e ■ 0/ fjuick 
 and V. miiid, inpcuio vdoci ac m.. C^uiut. 
 ^.4.8. 4. P'tIi. agilis.c; v. i^ticK, 
 
 ACTivK. 5. pt-rh. proinptus; v. bkai>v. 
 rersatility : I. Lit. ; 1. mo- 
 
 billUi.^. 2. agilltas: Lis'.: v. vabia- 
 ISLKNKSS, ((UICKNKSS. ||, Fig.: mO- 
 
 bilitas: v. changkablkness, VAUtABLK- 
 NE.SS. Ill, Of the mliid: perh. 1. 
 igilitas: v. of character, a. naturae, Cic. 
 Att. I, 17, 4 (i. e. qaiclcnas, ruiirpti- 
 nlity). 2. Ct-liMlt<is : V. of genius, c. 
 animoruni, Oil-. St-ri. 21, 78 (i.e. quidc- 
 ness of appithension). I'h r. : may bo 
 expr. by adj. : t'. of genius, ingenium 
 versatile, Liv.: v. preced. art. 
 
 verse: I. .^ nwtHcal line: 1. 
 versus, (is (prop, any line): all his w-s 
 are beautiful and ]X)liiht:d, omnes apud 
 hunc oniali elal)oraiique sunt v., Cic. Or. 
 II, j6 : more tlianfour heroic v.s, plus 
 quatuor herois v., id. Leg. 2, 27, 68 : 
 I saiil tluxt his v.s ran rudeli/, inconi- 
 posito di.xi pede currore versus, Hor. .S. 
 1,10, I. 2. verslculus: more polished 
 and smoother v.s, v. magis facti et mol- 
 lius euntes, Hor. S. i. 10, 58 Cic. : a set 
 of tii-o, four, verses, distichon, telra- 
 stichon : Mart- Quint. I'hr. : contented 
 unth merely vriting v.s ivhich can be 
 scanned, pedibus quid claudere senis. 
 hoc tantum contenlus. Hor. S. 1, 10, 59: 
 V. TO VKBSiFy. II. I'oetrtj : 1. 
 
 versus: xvhen he had betaken himself to 
 v.. quum se mente ac voluntate con- 
 jecisset in v., Cic. de Or. j, ?o, 194 : in 
 pi., from Greek v., ex v. Graecis. id. 
 Arch. 10, 2}. 2. Humerus (in pi.): 
 I delight in xaritivn v., numeris nec- 
 tere verba juvat, Ov. Pont. 4, 2, }o. 
 
 3. cannen (esp. li/ric or epic rerse) ; 
 you delight in v., c. tu gaudi-s. Hor. Ep. 
 2, 2, 59 : to vrite v., c. condere, id. S. 
 2, I. 82. III. A short Section : peril, 
 membriim : v. cladse, sfxtion. 
 
 versed : 1. versatus {concerned) : 
 men v.d in the vicissitudes of state 
 affairs, viri in reruni publicarum va- 
 rietate v., Cia Rep. j, j, 4. To be v.d, 
 versor, i : v occcpt. 2. exercitiis 
 (rare) : vd in military matters, e. mi- 
 litia, Tac. A. J, 20. To be v.d, exerceor, 2. 
 3, exercilalus (freq.): in which he 
 is v.d, in quibus vei'satus e.que sit, 
 Cic. Ac. 2, ?4. no : Caes. : vho is better 
 v.d (ill state matters)? quis exerci- 
 tatior.' Cic. Pbil. 6, 6, 17: thoroughly 
 v.d in naval matter.-^, in maritimis rebus 
 exercitalissimi, id. Maiiil. 18, 55: Caes. 
 4. vOlutatus (rare) : in vhom 
 (writers) / see that you are well v.d, 
 iu quibus te video v., Cic. Q. F. 2, 1?, 4. 
 5. pgrilus, nun impCritus: v. i-rac- 
 
 TISED, .SKILLED, EXrEltlENCED. 6. 
 
 doctus, instructus, eruditus : v. learned. 
 7. perfectus (Jlunoughly v.d) : uere 
 v.d in .•<toic lore, p. in Uteris Stoicis, 
 Cic. Brut. }o, 114, 8. contritus (in 
 bad sense : rare) : vd in the law courts, 
 c ad regiam (oi. concitus ad rixam), 
 Cic. Caec. ;, 14. 
 
 versicle : verslculus : v. a-erse. 
 
 versification : vprslficatio : Quint. 
 ), 4, 116. The art of v. : perh. poeiica 
 (-«!) ; Cic. Tusc. 4, 'ft, 69 ; *ars versus 
 faciendl, scribcndi. Acqiuiinted tvith the 
 laus of v.. metricus. Gell. 
 
 versifier: verslficator : QnlnU 10, 
 1.89. 
 
 versify: A. Trans.; 1. versl- 
 f'lco, (to txpress in V.) : Apul. : v.'d, ver- 
 sificatus : I.iicil. in Noii. 2. perh. 
 versu includo, si, sum, j : Cla de Or. j, 
 48, 184. B. in trans.: 1. ver- 
 siflco, I : Quint. 2. versus faciu, 
 
 scribo, condo, duco, pango. etc : v. to 
 COMPOSE. I'hr.; to v., verba includere 
 versu, Cic. de Or. ;. 48, 184: / like to v., 
 me pedibusdelectat claudere verba, Hor. 
 S. 2, 1 , 28 to v. extempore, versus fun- 
 dere ex tempore, Cic. de Or. j, 50. 194. 
 
 version: I. Abstr. : translutlo: 
 
 Quint. Phr. : may be expr. by verb: 
 if I uere to give a literal v., si pUiiie 
 verterem, Cic. Fin. i, j. 7 : s to tbass- 
 LATii. II. Cone r.: Phr.: a v. of 
 Aratut' poems, Arati carmlna converaa, 
 Cic. N. 1). 2, 41. 104: a literal Latin v. 
 of Greek plays, fab -Hue I>aiiiiae ad ver- 
 bum de Graecis exprt-ssae, Id. Kin. 1,2,4: 
 / cannot find a literal Ijitin v., ad ver- 
 bum (quid) I>allne iratislulum nun in- 
 veniu, c^iiirit. 7, 4, 4: v. t<j tua.mslate. 
 
 vertebra : 1. vertebra (gen. a 
 joint. Pliti. : Sen.) : tlie Sf/ine it com- 
 fjosed (f four and tiienty v.t, spina con- 
 stat ex V. quatuor et viglnti, Celu. 8, 1. 
 
 2. sfKjnd.vlus (sphond.) (= iriroi'iv 
 Aos) : Plin. 29, 4, 20. 
 
 vertebral: perh. vertebrStus (unVA 
 joints') : of l^jncs, I'lin. II, J7. ''7. The v. 
 co/((»i»i, spina, \'irg.: Plin.: Cels. 
 
 vertebrated : perl'- v. ru-bratus 
 (jointed) : I'lin. : v. preced. art. 
 
 vertex: vertex (vor.): V. SUMMIT, 
 TOP. 
 
 vertical : 1. rectus (straight) : 
 V. cliffs, r. saxa, Liv. 2i, j6. 2. <!'- 
 rectus (straight, perpendicular) : he 
 construded a Irencli with v. sides, ton- 
 sam d. laterlbus diixit, Caes. B. G. 7, 72. 
 Phr.: A V. line, perpendicfllum : Cic. : 
 linear Cic: calhetus (Ko9eT0«) : Vitr. : 
 
 V. PLUMMET: V. foU. art. 
 
 vertically: 1. recie (straight): 
 
 if atoms shall move v. by their onm 
 weight, si aiomi suo nutu r. ferentur, 
 Cic Fin. 1,6, 20. 2. linfKlo (straight): 
 (the atom) moves v. downvards, d. 
 deorsum fertur, id. N. 1) i, 25. 69. 
 
 3. e regione (from, straight oppo- 
 site) : if all things moved v. d'm nwards, 
 si omnia deorsum e r. lerreiitur, id. 
 Fin. I, 6, 19 • I>ucr. 4. "d llneam, 
 recta linea (according to plumlj-line) : 
 his view is that they move v. downwards, 
 censet deorsum ferri ad I., id. Fin. i, 6, 
 18: these elements fly v. upwards, hae 
 partes rectis lineis in coek-stem locum 
 subvolant, id. Tusc. i, 17, 40 : this 
 region is r. under the lion, linea rectum 
 mundi ferit ilia leonem, Lucan 10, jo6. 
 
 5. ad perpendiculum : beams stand- 
 ing v., tigna directa ad p., C!aes. B. G. 
 
 vertiginous : veruginssus : Plm. 
 
 2i, 2, 28. 
 
 vertigo : vertigo: Liv. 44, 6 (sieim- 
 ming of the head on a precipice): to 
 suffer from v., v. lalwrare. Plin. 2J, I. 
 
 vervain : 1. vcrl>enaca : Plin. 2;, 
 9,59. 2. *verbena officiiiulis: Linn. 
 
 very ("<'j) • 1- vf-us (true): 
 
 V. TKLE, REAL. 2. germunus (ge- 
 
 nuine) : I know that J have been a 
 V. donkey, scio me g. asinura fuis;*, 
 Cic Att. 4, 5, J. 3. ipse (ipsu.-) (self, 
 same) : at that v. hour, ea i. liora, Cic. 
 Fam. 7, 2J, 4 : superl.. are you the man 
 himself? His v. self, ergo ipsus es? 
 ip.^issiinus, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 146. Phr.: 
 expr. by suptrl., etc : / s/ieak in v. 
 truth, verissime loquor, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 7 : 
 unless you were the v.est fool, nisi sis 
 stultlor stultls.*imo, PlauL Am. }, 2, 26 : 
 V. UTTEK. At this V. moment, nunc 
 quum maxime, Cic. Clu. 5, 1 2 : Tac. H. 
 4, 58 Ter. Andr. 5, i, 4: at the v. 
 moment when he was speal-ing, quum 
 maxime loqueretur, Cic. Verr. 5, 54, 
 142. 
 
 very {adv.) ; A. Espr. by adv. |, 
 ll'itt adj. etc. : 1, maxlmC (in tlu: 
 Itighest degree) : (i.) with adj : dis- 
 tricts r. rick in cirrn, loca m. frumiii- 
 taria, Caes. B. G. i, 10; v. eager for 
 var, m. omnium belli avida, I.,iv. 21, 
 49: for other forms of expr. v. I»r. 
 Smith's Uii. IHct. (il.) With verbs in 
 this hgion he placed v. great trust, liuic 
 legionl conlidel>al m., Caes. B. G. 1, 
 40: V. GREATLY. 2, sunimC (ill the 
 highest degree) : (i.) with a({j. : v. 
 pleasant, s. juounduni, Cic. Fam. 1 1. 
 18, 2. (ii.) with verbs: tWiicA always 
 causej: me v. great anxiety, quod nie 
 soUicitare s. solet, id. de Or. 2. 72, 295 : 
 V. GREATLY. 3. Vrtlde (stnmgly): 
 
 (i.) with culj. : v. lenient magistrates, 
 magistratus v. lenes, Cic. R<-p. 1, 4), 66. 
 
 I (li.) with ode. : to speak r. ttrmglf 
 
 ' and freely, v. vchi-niirnier et libere 
 
 dicere, Id. Att. 14. i, 2. (Hi.) vkiUj 
 
 I Verbs : v. STROMiLV. GiUiATLY. 4. 
 
 admOdum (^in proper mMteure) .- (1.) 
 I with adj. ■ V. un/Mltthcd, a. ini|>uUtA. 
 Cic. Brut. 85, 2^ e»p. with wordu 
 denoting age : lo/ien Craf»i/» was v. 
 young, Cra*»>ug quutu ei«*l a. luloltbcvni, 
 id. Off. 2. I}, 47. (li ) WHO v..-rbii: 
 yi/ur Utter gave me v. great pleatuit, me 
 lilerae tua>- a. delect^irunt, id. Fam. {, 
 19. ^• 6. *4lis (»fit) (tufficieiitly) : 
 (i.) with adj. ; v. much remains, * 
 miilta reslanl, Cic. lU-p. 2. 44. 71. 
 (ii ) with adverbs : not r. honouralAy, 
 lion s. hone^te, Id. Am. 16, 57. (iii.) 
 with verbs : / know v. uelt, ». nclo. 
 I'er. Hec. 5, 4, i; -. v. emocgh, wku. 
 
 6. b*iMf (riylit) : (1.) wiUi oilj. : 
 a V. strong ban'i, b. magna calerva, Cic. 
 Mur. }j, 69. (ii.) with adv.: he got c. 
 deep in his amfuience. b. (i^nitUK ►« io 
 istius familiiif ■ ■• l-lit, id. Verr 1, 
 70, 169: V. ea . id. Alt. 4. 9, 
 
 z,fin. 7. 1 ■'. IU the cunver- 
 
 sational style ot comedy) : (1.) with 
 adj.: he is v. like you, tui siDiilb e«t p, 
 Ter. Heaut. 5. j, 18. (ii.) with verlli: 
 to deceive r. th/roaghly, p. declpefe, 
 PLauL Am. i, i, 2(18 Oiry are r. inung, 
 errant p., ib. j, j. 20. 8. P" fquam : 
 (i.) with adj. or adv. : I tuucJied m v. 
 briefly, p. brcvlter persirinxi, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 49, 201. (li.) with verbe : / 
 should v. mucli like to know, p. scire 
 velim, Plin. Ep. 7, 27. i. 9. ""o* 
 (i/e7J, trulu): (i.) with adj. : he kU 
 forth a V. long speech, explicat or»- 
 llonem s. loiigum, Ci'-. Agr. 2, 5, ij. 
 (ii.) with adc. : v. well cultivated, 
 s. bene culta, id. Quint. ), ir (iii.) 
 strengthened with quam (r. much, ex- 
 cee'lingly) : with cuij., adr., and v..rl». . 
 in a V. short time, s. quam brevi, id. 
 Leg. 2, 10, 2J. 10. impeiis* (earnestly, 
 greatly) : (i.) with a^lj. (rare) : r. nicked, 
 i. improbus, Plaut. Kpld. 4, i, 19. (ii.) 
 with verbs ; v. vkhkmently. U. 
 
 mire, miriflce, minim quantum • v. 
 marvellously. 12. apprln<e, in pri- 
 mis, etc : v. especially. 13. per- 
 fecie (completely): i: learned, p. pl»- 
 neque eruditus, Cic. BrUL 81, 282: v. 
 fully, completely. 14. egri^giS 
 
 (eminently) .■ a v. tn-are and good 
 general, e. fortis et bonus linperxtor, 
 id. de Or. 2, 66, 268. 15- oppldo 
 
 (i.) with adj. or adv. : v. coiivenuvlly. 
 o. opptirtune Ter. Ad. }. 7, 24 : Cic. : 
 oppldo quam Liv. (il.) with v.-rb»: 
 they are v. dilTerent,o. int<r se difTenint. 
 Qc Fin. j,'io, J?. 16. plane: v. 
 lirrrE. 17. veheinent-i (ard'-tilly): 
 (i.) with adj.: which are r. imfMirtant, 
 quae sunt gravis v., Cio. Clu. 24, 64. 
 (ii.) wiih verlis : etc r. angry, v. irata, 
 Plaut. Tnic 2. 6. 6a J atk c. eamrstly, 
 V. rogo, Cic. Att 16. 16 I). II. With 
 comp., etc., and words Implying rujie- 
 riority or difference: r. far. vtc. L 
 multo; V. mucJi fewer. •■■■ • ' '"rrs, 
 Cic. (le Or. i, ?, 11 : ;-/ ' '■ 
 
 much before everything, v Mini- 
 
 bus rebus m. anteponentea, id. Fin. 
 4, 18, 51 : r. differently : m. secus 
 id. Fam. 4, 9. 2. 2. miiltum: he WU 
 V. far sur^iass all, m. oniiies super- 
 abit, id. Verr. 5. 44, 1 15- »"1» <^'*P- 
 po.t. Plaut.: Juv. 3. li">KC r. su- 
 perior, L melior, Virg. Aen. 9, 556 : r. 
 wiuc^i the first, I. pni)cvl>s, Cic. Fam. 
 U, IJ: my princiflt w,-is r. different, 
 mealongissinierati. t. id Verr. 
 
 2. 4, 10. Join 1 'n>. ih. «. 
 
 44, 115; V. fak. III. ^> '■'< 
 
 1. non ita, baud ita : >'■ 
 aflert'cards, non i. mult" t- -' 
 6, 17: not V. mtu'Jt com. ! 
 frumentl, Liv. 4. I2. L' 
 non sane: not v. long time Imud s. dm, 
 Plaut. Merc. }. I. 44- Join 1 and 3: 
 Hot 0. oUi. non ita .-ane vc tus. Ctc Brut. 
 
 la 41. IV. ^^'"1' '^^ "'■ P"'^' 
 
 p ,,, . . ;),e Words of wblco 
 
 in-:. ' under I.]: i. 
 
 ma.:,, , .. . ijc) U not v. desirmu 
 of pleasures, voluptates ntillas m. ae» 
 
 " C)I1
 
 VESICLE 
 
 VEXATIOUS 
 
 VICINAGE 
 
 derat, Cic. Sen. ij, 44: Supeii.: I ask 
 you V. anxCousli/, a te maximopere peto, 
 id. Fam. j, 2, 1. 2. summ6p6re : id. 
 Inv. 1, 18, 26: Lucr. 3. graviter 
 
 (with words expressing suffering, anger, 
 etc., deeply) : to be v. ill, g. aegrotare, 
 Cic. Off. I, 10, J2 : V. angry, g. iratus, 
 Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 2. 4. exiraie : he 
 loved him v. much, e. dilc.xit, Cic. Arch. 
 9, 20: a V. much decorated temple, e. 
 ornatum templum, Liv. 2;, 40. Phr.: 
 you are v. v.-rong, tola erras via, Ter. 
 Eun. 2, 2, 14 : tliey are v. irrong, procul 
 errant, Sail. Jug. 89, ad fin. : expr. by 
 Superl. : a v. great man, vir raaximus : 
 in a V. great degree, maxime. B. 
 
 Expr. by words the composition of which 
 denotes superiority, etc. : a v. great man, 
 vir egregius, eximius, etc. (J. Expr. 
 
 by prefix : 1. per : very few, per- 
 
 pauci ; it is v, pleasing, perplacet. 2. 
 prae: v. hard, praedurus. 3. ^e 
 
 (usu. in neg. sense) : not v. large, ve- 
 grandis : v. pale, vepailidiis : v. Dr. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. 4. <lis (with 
 verbs) : to praise v. highly, dilaudo, 
 I, Cic. : to be v. eager, discupio, i, CopI. 
 in Cic. Fam.: Plant. 
 
 vesicle : 1. vesica {a blister) .- 
 
 Plin. 20, 6, 2}. 2. vesicula (of a 
 seed-pod): Cic. Div. 2, 14, J J. 
 
 vesicular: vesiculSsus: Coel. Aurel. 
 
 vesper : i. 'fhe evening star ; 
 
 I. vesper, eris and eri : v. kindles 
 her flame, v. accendit lumina, Virg. G. 
 I, 251 : Hor.: Plin. 2. hesperus (-os): 
 ac. N. D. 2, 20. ; ? : Virg. 3. ves- 
 perflgo : Plant. : Vitr. ||. Evening : 
 vesper : v. evening. 
 
 vessel : I. ■^ receptacle : vas, 
 
 vasis, n. : silver v.s, v. argentea, Hor. S. 2, 
 27, 72. A small v. : vascQlum : Quint. : 
 Plaut.: Cato: v. jar, pitcher, etc. A 
 maker of v.s : vascillarius, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 24, 54. II, A ship: navis: v. ship. 
 III. A blood-vessel: arteria, vena: 
 
 V. VEIN, etc. 
 
 vest (subs.) : \. perh. tunica (an 
 undnr-nnrment : X. Smith's Ant.) . v. 
 GARM KNT. A flannel v., subuculae thorax 
 laneus, worn in winter, Suet. Aug. 82. 
 
 II. Gen.: veslis: v. garment. 
 vest ("•) ■■ I. To clothe: vestio, 4: 
 
 V. TO CLOTHE. II, To invest : to V 
 
 any one iinth authority, ni:\gistratum 
 or imperium deferre alicui ; v, to in- 
 vest. 
 vestal fswb.t.); virgo vestJilis: Cic: 
 
 Liv. vnvir,lis \Av. Ov. 
 
 vestal (adj.) : purh. caslus ; v. PURE, 
 CHASTE. 
 
 vested: perh. certus: to maintain 
 Ms V. interests, certissimuin jus obtin- 
 ere, Cic. Caecin. 4, 10: deprived of his 
 V. rights, certa re et possessione detur- 
 batiis, id. Fam. 12, 2;, 2. 
 
 vestibule : 1. vestrbiiium (the 
 enclosed space betneen the street and 
 front door, v. Smith's Ant. 427): Cic. 
 Caecin. 12, J5. 2. aditus (entrance) : 
 joined with vestibulum, Cic. Caecin. 12, 
 J5 : V. ENTRANCE. 3. procoeton 
 
 ( = TTpoKotTui', an ante-room to a bed- 
 chamber) : Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10. 
 
 vestige: 1. vestigium (foot- 
 
 print) : ire have no v. of dignity left, 
 ne V. quidem ullum est reliquura nobis 
 dignitatis, Cic. Fam. 4, 14, i. 2. 
 inillcium (proof, token): joined with 
 vestigium : v.s of poison, 1. et vestigia 
 veneni, Cic. Clu. 10, jo. 3. nota 
 
 (mark, token) : joined with vestigium : 
 v.s of their crimes, a. et vestigia sreler- 
 uni, Cic. Verr. 2, 47, 115. 4. signum : 
 v. SIGN, TOKEN. 5. reliquiae (rare) : 
 
 V. REMNANT. 
 
 vestment ; vestlmentum : Cic. : v. 
 
 GARMENT. 
 
 vestry: 1. vestiarium (a ward- 
 
 robe) : Plin. 15, 8, 8. 2. perh. sacra- 
 rium (a room in vhtch sacred things 
 are deposited): Ulp. Dig.: Serv. on 
 Virg. A en. 12, 199. 
 
 vesture: vestis: v. duess, gar- 
 ment. 
 
 vetch; vicia; Plin.- Virg.: Varr. : 
 a sieve for u.s, cribrum viciarium,Col. 8, 
 5, 16; stalks of v.s, vicialia, id. 6, jo, 5. 
 918 
 
 veteran (subs.): |. Gen.: ve- 
 teiiiior, oris : a v. in private cases, \n 
 privatis causis satis v., Cic. Brut. 48, 
 178. _ II, Esp.; a V. soldier: 1. 
 vetCranus (miles): the v.s, veterani, 
 Caes. B. C. j. 24: Cic. Phil. 11, 14, jt. 
 2. emeritus (one who served his 
 time) ; Tac. A. i, 28. To be a v., sti- 
 pendia emereri, Cic. ben. 14, 49. 
 
 veteran {adj.): 1, veteranus: 
 
 V. soldiers, v. milites, Cic. Phil. J, 2, ; : 
 t>. legions, legiones v., Caes B. (i. i, 24. 
 
 2, vetus, 6ris : the v. ruler, v. reg- 
 nandi, Tac. A. 6. 44 : the v. soldiers, 
 veteres militiae,;d. H 4, 20: v. old, ex- 
 perienced. 
 
 veterinary: vetgrmarius: the v. 
 art, V. medicina, Col. 7, j, 16: a v. sur- 
 geon, veterinarius (sc. medicus), id. 7, 5, 
 14 ■ a v. school, * V. schola. 
 
 veto (subs.) : intercessio (a tribune's 
 protest) : Caes. B. C. I, 7 • v. protest. 
 
 veto (v.) : intercedo, cessi, cessum, 
 J : vishing to v. the bill, quum i. vellerit 
 rogationi, Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 197 • v. to 
 protest, forbid. fJne vho v.s, inter- 
 cessor : he promised to v. the law, legi i. 
 fore professus est, id. SulL li, 65 : i. 
 legis, Liv. 4, 5}. 
 
 vex: I. To disturb, trouble: 1. 
 vexo, I : V. to trouble, harass. 2. 
 
 .SoUlClto, I : V. TO DISTURB, MOLEST. ||. 
 
 Fig.: to disturb, trouble : 1, vexo, 
 1 : to V. with reproaches and abuse, v. 
 probris maledictisque, Cic. Flac. 20, 48 : 
 
 V. TO A.SSAIL, ANNOr. 2. SOlllcItO, I : 
 
 many things v. me, multa sunt quae me 
 s. anguntque, Cic. Att. i, i8. i, fin. : v. 
 
 TO TKOtJBLE, DISTRESS, ANNOY. 3. 
 
 offendo, di, sum, }: v. to displease. 
 4, pungo, pupQgi, punctum. j (to 
 mortify) : that letter so v.'d me that I 
 coidd not sleep, epistola ilia ita me pu- 
 pugit, ut somnum mihi ademerit, Cic. 
 Att. 2, l5, I. 6. mordeo, 2: your 
 
 letters v.'d me greatly, valdf me mo- 
 morderunt epistolae tuae, Cic. Att. ij, 
 12, 1 : V. to hurt. 6. commoveo, 2: 
 V. TO PROVOKE, DISTURB. Phr.: he 
 rather amicses me than v.s me, mihi ri- 
 sura magis quara stomachum movere 
 solet, Cic. Att. 6, ;, 7 : stomachum facere, 
 ib. ;, II, 2; he h'os greatly v.'d, exarsit 
 iracundia ac stomacho, id. Verr. 2, 20, 
 
 48: V. ANGER. INDIGNATION: thiSV.Sme, 
 
 bilem id commovet, ib. 2, 7, 2 : v. wrath : 
 something v.s me, nescio quid meo ani- 
 mo est aegre, Plaut. Mer. 2, j, j;: this 
 v.s the man, hoc male babet virum, Ter. 
 Andr. 2, 6, ; : / am ivry much v.'d, mo- 
 lestissime fero, Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 5. To be 
 v.'d: indignor, i, stfimachor, i.irascor, 
 J, succenseo, 2 : v. to be angry : 
 laboro, 1, atHictor, i : v. to be anxious, 
 TROUBLED: gravor, I (to be irearied, dis- 
 tressed) : doleo, 2 (to be distressed, in- 
 dignant) : that which v.'d Alcibiades, 
 illud quod Alcibiades dolebat, Cic. Tusc. 
 J, J 2, 78. Imp.: piget: my brother 
 v.s me, p. me fratris, Ter. Ad. ;. j, J7. 
 
 vexatipn : 1. stomachus (dis- 
 
 pleasure, indignation): v. preced. art.: 
 Phr. 2. indigniitio: v. indignation. 
 Slight v., Indignatiuncaia, Plin. Kp. 
 
 3. ira: v. anger. 4. dSlor, oris 
 (distress, indignation, resentment) : Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 8, 18: Cato is moved by v. at 
 his rejection, Catonem incitat d. re- 
 pulsae, Caes. B. C. i, 4: 1 am ready to 
 burst u-ith v., dirumpor d., Cic. Att. 7, 
 12, J. 5. aegritudo (sickness of heart) : 
 Cic. Tusc. }, 10, 22. 6. mOlestia: 
 ivithout V. to you, sine m. tua, Cic. Fam. 
 I}, 2i, 2: do not cause me v., noli mihi 
 m. exhibere, ib. 12, jo, i. 7. offensio: 
 they cause me more v., mihi majori o. 
 sunt, Cic. Att. I J, 2}, 2: slight v., 
 offcnsiuncula, id. Fam. ij, i, 4: v. 
 
 OFFENCE. 
 
 vexatious: 1. gravis, e(q^e?)S)De, 
 of persons and things) : o v. burden, g. 
 onus, Cic. Rose. Am. 38, 112 : v. burden- 
 some. 2. mOlcstus (tioublesome) : a 
 v. post, provincia m., id. Mur 8, 18. 
 3. odiosus (tiresome, of persons and 
 things): a v. class of people, o. genus 
 hominum, id. Am. 20, 71. Join; o. et 
 molestus, gravis et molestus: Cic. 
 
 vexatiously ; moleste (in an offen- 
 sive mMnncT) : Cat. : Quint. 
 
 vial : 1. phiala (a flat vessel, 
 
 saui:er) : of the v.s in the Apocalypsei 
 Hier. 2. laguncula (a small bottU, 
 lagena) : Plin. Kp. : v. flask, bottle. 
 
 viand : cibus : v. food. 
 
 viaticum: viaticum: Cic. Sen. i8. 
 66 : Liv. : Claut. 
 
 vibrate: I. A. Trans.: l. 
 vibro, I : v. TO SHAKE, brandish. 2. 
 torqueo, 2; v. to twi.st, whirl. ||' 
 B, In trans. : 1, vibro, i : with 
 v.ing tongue, of a serpent, vibrans lingua, 
 Lucr. J, 657. Fig.: of language, ft (hM 
 with vigour, oratiu vibrans, Cic. Brut. 
 95, J 26. 2. trgmo, ui, ^: v. to trem- 
 ble, QUIVER. 
 
 vibration : I. vibratio (brandish- 
 ing) : Fest. : Calpurn. in Vopisc. ||, 
 Neut. : vibraius (quivering): v. of 
 light, V. luminis, Marl. Cap. 8, Joo: v. 
 quivering, trembling, motion. 
 
 vicar ; I. .-1 substitute, q. V. II. 
 As an fcclc-siastical 1. 1. : vicai'iu.s, M. L. 
 
 vicarage : I. Tlte benefice ; V. 
 
 BENEFICE. II. The residence :* yicani 
 a'de.s s. dumicilium. 
 
 vicarious : vicarius : the V. honesty 
 ot friends, v. fides aniiconini, Cic. Rose. 
 Am. 58, III. For a v. agent, v. sub- 
 stitute. 
 
 vicariously : may be expr. by, pro 
 (with abl.) s. loco (with gen.). 
 
 vicarship : * vicarli munus. 
 
 vice : I, TUe principle or dispo- 
 sition : 1. vitiosllas, atis : v. is the 
 C2^posite of virtue, viriutis contraria est 
 v., Cic. I'usc. 4, 15, J4 : cf. ill. 4, ij, 29. 
 2. vltium (opp. virtus: rare in this 
 sense) : to every virtue tliere is opposed 
 by a contrary name a v., omni virtuti 
 V. conirario nomine opponitur, id. Fin. 
 J, 12, 40. 3. pravitas, atis (with some 
 other word): p. animi, Cic. : p. morum, 
 Tac. H. 4, 44. 4. turpUudo: V. base- 
 ness, meanness. 6. libido, etc.: v. 
 licentiousness (XL), wantonness: v. 
 also wickedness. ||, The act : 1. 
 flagitium (a shameful deed) : to become 
 addicted to so many v.s, in tot flagitia 
 se ingurgitare, Cic. Pis. 18, 42 : what v. 
 has your whole body been free from t 
 quud f. a toto corpore abfuit.' id. Cat. i, 
 6, IJ : debaucheries and adulteries and 
 every such v., stupra et adulteria et 
 omne tale f., id. de Sen. 12, 40. 2. 
 vitium (prop., a flaw, defect : not so 
 strong as preced.) : as rewards are fixed 
 for virtues by the laus, so are punish- 
 ments for v.s, legibus et praemia pro- 
 posita sunt viitutibus et supplicia vitiis, 
 id. de Or. i, 58, 247 (cf. virtus est vitium 
 fugere, Hor. Ep. 1, I, 41): the v.s of 
 gluttony and drunkenness, v. ventris et 
 guttmis, Cic Coel. 19, 44 : polluted with 
 v.s and crimes, vitiis et sceleribus con- 
 taminatus, id. de Consol. 6 (Ffagm. No. 
 240, Nobbe) : to be implicated in v.s, 
 vitiis affinem esse, id. Inv. 2, 10, a : ti> 
 flee from v.s, a vitiis se abstinere, id. 
 cf. declinare vitia, id. Off. i, 6, 19: \. 
 also FAULT. 3. libido, inis,/. (ush. in 
 pi.) : to give oneself up to v.s, libidinibus 
 se dedeie. id. Tusc. i, jo, 72. 
 
 vice (an instrument) : perh. *foicepg 
 cochleiitus (or cuchleata) : *r6tinaciilum 
 (Georg.). 
 
 -admiral : classis snbpraefec- 
 
 tus, Inscr. (Quich.). 
 
 -chamberlain : perh. * cubi- 
 
 cularii vicarius : * qui cubicularii vice 
 fungitur. 
 
 -chancellor : * cancellarii vi- 
 carius: *procancellarius (Georg.): *vice- 
 cancellarius (Ainsw.). 
 
 — -gerent : v. REPRESENTAxrvE 
 
 (subs.), DEl'UTV, SUBSTITUTE (Subs.), 
 
 -president : *pi aesidis vicarius. 
 
 viceroy : subrggijlus (a petty prince, 
 subject to another): Amni. 17, 12, cUl 
 med. : perh. too *regis vicarius (Georg.). 
 
 vicinage, vicinity : viciuitas, vi- 
 
 cinia, etc.: v. neighbourho'D. Phr. 
 / shall sojoui-n in this v., circum haec 
 loca commoiabor, Cic. Att. j, 17. 2 . 
 cities in the v. of Capua, urbes quae 
 circum Capuam sunt, id. Agr. i, "j, 20.
 
 VICIOUS 
 
 V I C T O R T 
 
 V I C T O U V 
 
 vicious : I. Addicted to vice : 
 
 \, tl;ij;iliiisu> : theyaie v. who with 
 in/la ninl latiid oivet Uit plianurei of 
 stxual low, f. sum (jui veneic-as volup- 
 Utes inflammato aiiimo coiitupiscuiit, 
 Cic. Tiisc. 4, J2, 68. Also, opp. mo- 
 destu.s, id. Am. i ?, 47: v. also rno- 
 FLIGATE. 2. vitioMis (nwl so strong 
 aspreced. : prnp. JauWy, deftclirt): if 
 those ivko attended the lectures 0/ pltilo- 
 sophers were likely to leave them v., a\ 
 qui audieruiit (philosoplios), v. essetit 
 discessurl, Cic N. 1). j, ji, 77 : cf. Hor. 
 Od. J, 6, 48. Join; V. ct flaRJliosa vita, 
 Cic. Fin. 1, j8, 9J. 3. pt- rdltus, prOfli- 
 
 gatUS : V. IMtOKI.IGATK (adj.), UNPIUN- 
 
 ClPi-KD. 4. piaviis, corniplus : v. 
 DKI'RAVKD. 5. iiOquam (i)id<-cl.) : 
 
 Hor. Oil. }, 6, 47 • V. (JOOD-FOR-NOTHINO. 
 
 6, scfilestus, sceiOriiius : v. wicked. 
 
 7, turpis, e: v. disgracekul, shame- 
 ful. Phr. : a very v. lije, vita villjs 
 flagitiisqiie omnibus dedita, Cic. Rose. 
 Am. I ?, ?8 cl. viiiis, flagitiis, scelerl- 
 busobrutus ((ieorg.) : to lead a v. life, 
 impure ac flagitiose vlvcre, Cic. Kin. ;, 
 II. }8: av. disposiiitm, animus libidlni 
 deditus, Cic. Coel. 19, 45 : v. expressiuns, 
 turplier et flagitiose dicta, Id. de Or. i, 
 
 II. Faulty : q. v. |||, Of a horse, 
 refractory : q. v. ; contunia.x. 
 
 viciously : 1. flagitiose : Cic. 
 
 pass.: V. also vicioLS (I, i'lir.), pro- 
 fligately. 2. turpiter: v. basely. 
 3. sceleste, scfilCrate : v. wickedly. 
 [For V. ini.lined, v. vicious.] 
 
 viciousness : v. vice (1.). 
 
 vicissitude : 1. vicis (gen. : nam,, 
 sing, not found), vicem, vice : pi. vices 
 (nom. and ace), vicibus, f. : such i\s 
 has the state of mortals, habet has v. 
 conditio uiortalium, Phn. Pan. 5, Jin. : 
 V. also mutability. 2. vicissitiido 
 (like preced.) : v.s of fortune, lortunae 
 vicissitudines, Cic. Fam. ;, 12, 4 : cf. 
 omnium rerum est v., Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 45. 
 
 3, varigtas (rare in this sense) : a 
 war inviilreji by sea and l-and iii many 
 a !• . ln'Minn in multi. v. teini iniirique 
 veis.uuiM, Cic. Arch. 9, 21 : i'..< ';/' the 
 tim's, varittutes temporum, id. Kam. ;, 
 12, 4: cf. Tac. A. 2, il, m'd.: <iuum 
 videamus tot varietates tarn volubili 
 orbe circumagi, Plin. Ep. 4, 24, fn. : 
 V. also i-ickleness, change (subs.). 
 
 4. incertuni : tAe t).s f/ war, incerta 
 belli, Liv. }o. 2, med. : cf. incerla for- 
 tunai", Plin. Ep. j, 19, ad med. Phr.: 
 the V.S (lit. rerulutioiis) of the lot of 
 man, sortis humanae voluiiilna, Plin. 
 7, 45, 46, 5 147 lam myse'f an example 
 of the v.s tf fortune, equkitni ciuam vit- 
 sabilis fortuna sit, documcniuni ipse 
 sura. Curt. 5, 8, ad fin. : the v.f of 
 human aft'airs, res humanae tluxae et 
 mobiles. Sail. J. 104: the c.s nj fortune, 
 eventus varll fortunae, Cae.<. H G 2, 22 : 
 cf. vaga volubillsque fortuna, Cic. Mil. 
 26,69: the V.S i>f life, varia vitae cora- 
 mutabilisque ratio, ib. 
 
 vicissitudinous : e. g. v. fortune, 
 V. vici.ssitude. 
 
 victim: 1. viciima: to slay vjs, 
 caedere v., Liv. 45, 7, itiit.: Cic. Att. i, 
 I ?. 1 : Hor. Od. ?, 2J. 12: the v. slain 
 (jave a favourable omen, v. caesa litavit. 
 Suet. 0"th. 8, ./ni. : ef. Mart. 10, 7?, 6: 
 £0 sacrijiie human v.s, pro viciimis 
 homines Immolare, Caes. B. G. 6, 16, 
 post init. Fig.: to offer otirself as a 
 V. to the state, se v. relpublicae praebere, 
 Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61 : shall I he the deceived 
 V. of a deceiver t v. deceptus decipientis 
 ere? Ov. Am. }, i, 22. 2. hostia: 
 with M hat v.s sacrifice should be offered, 
 and to what god, to nhum vith larger 
 V.S, to uhom II nil smaller (lit. sucldiug), 
 qttibus bo.'-tiis linmolanduui cuique deo, 
 cui Biajoribu.s, cui lactentilnis, Cic. Leg. 
 2, 12, 29. often a very favourable omen 
 is given by the next v., proxlnia hosiia 
 (abl.) litalur saejK' puk-errinie. Id. hiv. 
 2, 15, i6 : the Oauls pollute the altars 
 vith human v.s, (Galll) himianis h. aras 
 funestant, iil. Font, ic, 51 : cf. I'ac. G. 9. 
 3. iiiaculum {an expiatory v.) : 
 bring blacic cattle, let thote be the first 
 
 V.S, due nigras pecudes, ea prima p. 
 sunlo, Vlrg. A en. 6, i;j. Fig. . p. rupil 
 foederis (•.fHanullal), Liv. 21, lo,adJin. 
 Phr.: to be a V. tu Uie ftamtn of envy, 
 invidiae inceiidio conliagrare, Cic. Cat. 
 I, II, 29' to fall u I', lu disease, morbo 
 mori, Nep. cf. morbo obire, I'liii. : Liv. : 
 to be a V. to a legal decision, Judicio cir- 
 cumveniri, Cic. Hrul. 12, 48: must I be 
 made a v. to ijuur follii T men' piacu- 
 larein oportet fieri ob stultiliam tuaui ? 
 PL Epid. I, 2. }6: lie were Uie fust i-j, 
 hoc nobis primis accidit, Cic. ^To be a 
 V. to, may also be e.xpr. by pati (with 
 ace.) ; opprinii, eadere, perire (all with 
 abl). For to make a r. of, v. to cheat : 
 to offir iifi a.s' a v., v. to sacrifice.] 
 
 victimize ( c o 1 1 o q. ) : v . to cii eat. 
 
 victor (.subs.) : 1. victor, /. vlc- 
 trlx : a tax nhich v.s upon vantpiished 
 are accustomed to impose, stipendium 
 quod V. victis imponere consuescunt, 
 cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 44, a</ init. : PI. Amph. 
 I, I, }}: to leave the field as v., v. dis- 
 ccJere, Caes. B. C. ?, 47. fin. : cf. v. ab 
 hoste discedere, Hor. Ep. I, 10, J7 : 
 palm-branches given to v.s (in the 
 games), palmae v. datae, Liv. 10, 47, 
 med. : an Olympian v., Olympiae v. 
 (= ■QAu/in-ioi'iKT)?), Nep. pracf. 5 (v. also 
 infr.) : v. also conqueror. 2. palnia 
 (rare in this sense : only poet.) : Diores, 
 third v., tertia palma 1)., Virg. Aen. 5, 
 }J9: cf. Sil. 16, 50J. Phr.: to be v. 
 over, vlncere, devincere, superare, etc. 
 (v. TO conquer) : the I'ompeians consi- 
 dered themselves already v.s, I'ompeiani 
 vicisse jam sibl videbantur ((Jeorg.): 
 to return to Home as v. over the Volsci, 
 victoriam ex Volscis Romam relerre, 
 Liv. 4, 10, post init. : Love is my v., de 
 me iriumphat Amor, Prop. 2, 9. 24 (8, 
 40): should Turn us have proved v., si 
 victoria Tumo cesserit, Vlrg. A. 12, i8j: 
 a gladiator n-ho /los been often v., pluri- 
 marum paluiarum gladiator, Cic. Rose. 
 Am. 6, 17 : to be an Olympian v., vincere 
 Olympia, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 5, i^: cf. 
 magna coronari Olympia, Hor. Ep. i, 
 1, 50. 
 
 victor (ailj.) : Pope : " the victor 
 Greeks": v. victorious. 
 
 victorine: v. tippet. 
 
 victorious : 1. victor, /. victrlx 
 (as adj.) : a v. army, v. exercitus, Caes. 
 B. G. 7, 20, fin. : v. Greeks, v. Graii, 
 Ov. M. I ?, 41 J : V. Atheris, victrices 
 Athenae, Cic. Tusc. i, 48, 116: v. a: ms, 
 victricia amia. Virg. Aen. j, 54: v.ships, 
 vicnices rates, Ov. M. 15, 754. 2. su- 
 perior : so that our men mre v. in all 
 quarters, ita ut nostri omnibus partibus 
 superiores fuerint, Caes. B. G. 5, i;: to 
 come off' v., s. discedere, id. B.C. I, 47. 
 May also be expr. by verb (v. to con- 
 
 QUF.R, VANQUISH, ROIT). 
 
 victoriously: usu. 'inphr.: to fight 
 V. (— to gain a victory). Phr.: victo- 
 riam consequi .'!. adipisci (v. victory : 
 TocoNQUEU): to travirse the vorld v., 
 omnes tentes cum victoria periigrare, 
 Cic. Balb. 6, 16 he icill drive his chariot 
 v., victor aget curruni, Virg. A. 6. 8!8. 
 
 victory : |. fn war .- 1. victoria : 
 a IMMdlefS v., v. incnienla. Sail. Cat. 61, 
 ad med. : a blooity v., v. non incrueiita, 
 Liv. 7, 8, fin. : a brilliant v., v. prae- 
 clara, Nep. Timol. 2, med. : cf. v. glo- 
 riosa, Cic. Coel. 7. 18 : a civil v. (or a v. 
 iti civil tear), v. civUis, Sail. J. 95..''"- •" 
 Cic. Ueiot. 3} : (cf. v. civllibus bellis, id. 
 Fam. 4, 4, 2) : a complete v.. Jiista v., ib. 
 2, :o, J : a crurl v., v. crudelis. ib. 4, o, 
 5 : o decisive v., v. explorata. Cues. B. G. 
 7, 52, med. : a double v., geminala v., 
 Liv. I, 25, post med. : a doubtful v., v. 
 dubia, il). 7, 80, ad fin. : to comt of with 
 a iloubtful V. (or h"'i</i the v. undecided) 
 pari proeli > discedere, Nep. Them, j, 
 post med (cf. a<quo proellodiscederetur, 
 Caes. B. C. ?, 112. med.: aequo Marte 
 discessuni est, Liv. 2, 40, extr. : bellum 
 ancipiti MarU' gestuui, Liv. 7, 19): an 
 easy v., v. expedlUi,Cj»es. B.C. }, '^o.fin. : 
 cf. v. incruenta. Sail. Cat. 61, ad meii. : 
 V. facilis, Liv. 7, 29 : a i-ery melancholy 
 v., V. acerbissinui, Cic. Fam. 6. 21, i • 
 a naval v., v. navalis, Cic, Uiv. i. 54. 75 : 
 
 a noble v., egregia v., Liv. 1, 47,por( ■wd. s 
 to gain a v., v. \ ic-iuky, to gai«: (• 
 have the v. tn ohe't hands, v. in mAUibui 
 hal«re, Liv. jo, jo, post inil.: the v. <u 
 il were Hipped out oj hit haiidt. qiiudam- 
 modo V. excidii en . Kp. ad 
 
 Brut I, 10, 1: Voj' ,:, v., V. 
 
 exploratam dimiilere. - i, >,. 7. 51, 
 
 me>i. : tofoUuiv up a r, a v. nihil ct-ssare, 
 cf. Liv. {4, it, post init.: to make u»e of 
 a V. (i. e. to turn it to a/xuunt), v. exer- 
 cere, Liv. 2, 5 J, ad fin. (cl. utrique vic- 
 toriam erudeliter exercebant. Sail. C. }8, 
 extr.: id. J. 16, ad med.: IJv. 6, 12, 
 med.) : to urest Uie v. out of one's handt, 
 v. e manlbus eripere, liaM-d on .Sail. J. 
 82, ad fin. : to ruite a sltout of r., v. 
 conclamare. Caeo. B. G. 5. 17, med. : to 
 proclaim v. by rumour atfl drtpatchet, 
 fama uc Uteris v. concelebrare.Ours. B. 0. 
 }, 72, extr. : tlie >-. cost the ( 'arttioffinian* 
 much bltKid, iiiulto sanguine Pot-iiis v. 
 stetit, Liv. 2}, JO. ad init. : (of thegids) 
 to grant v., v. dare, Liv. jo, f3 (cf. belli 
 secunaos exitus reddere, Hor. cJd. 4, 14, 
 }S). [Also expr. by vicius. e.g. in 
 consequence of the v. otvr them, ex victln 
 illis (Gefjrg.) : to boatt 0} a v. over some 
 one, allquo victo glorian (id.) oftrr the 
 V. over Ltarius, post liarlum victiim (id.) 1 
 2. triumphus: he Irft lo hit ooC- 
 league the prof pects of a r. onr the Hiiii, 
 Boiorum triumphi spem collegae reli- 
 qult, l>iv. H, 37. ad fin.: lo yain a v. 
 over the fleet of the Homan iienpU, de 
 classe populi Romani triumplium agere, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 19. loo cf. t. ex Ktturia 
 agere, Liv. 6, 7, po«< meJ. 3. tiojiaeum: 
 a V. which may vie wiUi the v. ai Ma- 
 rathon, victoria quae cum Marailiunio 
 possit compararl tropaeo, Nep. Ihem. 5: 
 cf. Hor. Od. 2, 9. 19. 4. succe.-.-iLs, Os, 
 m. (poet.: rare): the dread goddrtf re- 
 fuses v., successum dea dira iiegat, Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 912: V. SUCCESS. Phr. to 
 yield the v., maiius dare, Nep. Hamllc. 1, 
 post med.: cf. dede manus. Lucr. 2, 1041. 
 II. In rivalry or contest : 1. vic- 
 toria : V. in suit.<:, v. lilium, Plin. 29. j, 
 12, } 54: the V. nas 111 the handt 0/ the 
 senate, v. penes jiatres full, I jv. 4, 50. 
 2. triumphus : so that they conti- 
 dered your rejection (as a caodidatF) 
 their v., ut repul^am tuam triunipbum 
 suum duxerinl, Cic. Vat. 16. 19. 3. 
 palma: the reward <f Vie olympian v., 
 Olympiacae praeniia palmae, Vlrg G. ;, 
 49 : so great uxiS our striving J nr the v. 
 (in our studies^ ea nobis Ingeiis palmae 
 contcnlio, yuint. i, 2, 24. Phr. : to yield 
 the V. (i. e. to oicti imeself conimered), 
 herbam dare s. porrlgere v. ForcelU 
 s v. berba, and Plin 22. 4. 4. <} 8 : 
 nor strive J for v., neque vincere certo, 
 Virg. Aen. ;, 194. 
 
 victory, to gain a : ^1. •'xp''- 
 
 over : J i>y ^"i'- 
 
 toria with verb: e. g. victoria potiri, 
 Caes. B. G. j. 24: victorlnm i-onsequl, 
 Cic. Ct>el. 7, 18: victoriam adipi;^!, SueC 
 Aug. 16, med. : victoriam pairare. cf. 
 Tac. A. H. 41 : to i;ai»i a v.vvtr one. 
 abaliquo victoriam reiKirtare.Clc. ManiL 
 }, 8 (cf. triunipbum deportire. id. (>(f. i, 
 22,78): ex aliquo victoriam fern-. I.iv. 
 8, 8, extr. : v. ex aliquo referre. Id. 4. l(\ 
 post init. 2. vinco, vici, victum, ?. 
 to gain a splendid r. oirr one. alinuem 
 egregle vincen-, Liv. 21. 40, init. Fig. . 
 
 /A<; opinion nhich, etc gained the 
 
 v., vicit siiittntia quae, etc.. cl. Liv. 2, 4 
 V. TO tXINQUKR. 3. sillWro, t ; V. TO 
 ovERCOMF, Phr: he who hat gained 
 the v., vicioriac compos, Veil, i, k, ad 
 med. (v. also vicmu): to gain the r., 
 rem obtlnere, C^ies. B. G. 7, 85 • cf. supe- 
 riorcm e.-w* .«. dl>redere (v vicToRUTn 
 21 : he had gaineii an rosy v., mn le- 
 viter sine criiore gesseral. Plin. (yuich.). 
 Fig.: to gain a v. over one's jtafsnmt, 
 domitas hal)ere libldines, Cic de Or. 1, 
 4J. 194. .^i'.- cf. coero-re onines lupl- 
 dilates. ib. : ciiplditatibus imperare, id. 
 Am. 22. 82 (v. alro to < xintrol). 
 
 victon'. memorial of: tropaeum. 
 V. TKoiin . 
 
 , news of: literae victrices, Cic 
 
 Att. 5, 21.2; tabellae victrices, Ov Am 
 919
 
 V 1 C T O R V 
 
 VIEW 
 
 VIEW 
 
 I, II, JJ : laureatae Uterae (so called | 
 because bow/id up with iMy-leaves), Liv. 
 5, 28, extr.: also, laureata. absol., Tac. 
 Agr. 18, /m. 
 
 victory, ornaments of ; ornamenta 
 
 triumphalia, Suet. Aug. ;8. init. : v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v, triumpUalis, and 
 
 art. TRIOMPHAL. 
 
 . songs of: epinlcia {= €7ru'iKco), 
 
 Suet Ner. 4}, extr. 
 
 victress (rare : Shakesp.) : victrix, 
 icis, /. ; V. vrcTOE. 
 
 victual ("-) ■• Ph r. : to v. an army, 
 exercitui rem fruraentariain providere, 
 based on Caes. B. G. 5, 8 : to v. some one, 
 rem frumentariam alicui suppeditare, 
 Oic. Att. 8, I, 2 (cf. cibos suppeditare. id. 
 Leg. 2, 27, 6i) • tov.a toivn, comnieatus 
 in oppidura importare, based on Caes. 
 B. C. J, 40, post nied. .- cf. fruraentuni in 
 oppidum supportare, Hirt. B. G. 8, J5: 
 to V. Will, sustinere commeatus (to keep 
 up the supply of jn'ovisions), Caes. 
 
 victualler : caupo, onis : Cic. : Hor. : 
 
 V. INN-KEEPEB. 
 
 victualling-house: 1. caupona: 
 V. INN. 2. popina : v. eating- 
 
 house. 
 
 -OflRcer; 1. perh. rei fru- 
 
 mentariae praefectus (a superintendent 
 of corn), Tac. A. 11, Jl. 2. ftument- 
 arius (a purveyor of corn) : Hirt. B. G. 
 
 8, j; : V. also COMMISSARIAT (I.). 
 
 victuals : 1. cibaria. orum : 
 
 cooked v., cocta c, Liv. }, Z"), ad med. : 
 V. also PBOvisiONS. 2. cibus: v. 
 
 FOOD. 3. esca (in pi.) ! the gods feed 
 on neither v. nor drink, dii nee escis aut 
 potionibus vescuntur, Cic. N. D. 2, ti, 
 59. 4. penus, as and i, m. and /., 
 also penum, i, and penus, oris, n. .- tliat 
 V. are wine and rvheat, etc., penura esse 
 vinum el triticum, etc., Gell. 4. i.post 
 init.: but v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 5. gdulia, ium and iorum : v. eat- 
 able. 6. victus, commeatus: v. 
 PBOVISIONS. P h r. : broken v.. reliquiae 
 (v, LEAVINGS). [For to Supply with v., 
 V. to victual.] 
 
 vie with ; 1. certo, l : it remains 
 that we V. with one another in (dning) 
 kind services, reliquuni est ut officiis 
 certemus inter nos, Cic. Fam. 7, ii, i : 
 citizens ivere v.ing with citizens in 
 virtw, cives cum civibus de virtute c. 
 Sail. C. 9. Also in poet, with dal. (in- 
 stead of cum) ; Amyntas alone v.s with 
 you, solus tibi certat A., Virg. E. 5, 8 
 (cf. certent et cycnis ululae, ib. 8, 55): 
 r.also TO coNTENo(I.). .41so of things: 
 the (olive-) berry (of Hymettus) v.s tvith 
 the green (one of) Venafrum, viridi c. 
 bacca Venafro, Hor. Od. i. 6, i;. 2. 
 contendo, di, turn, i : (that) obscurity 
 was v.ing with rank in respect of great- 
 ness, humilitatem cum dignitate de am- 
 plitudine contendere, Cic. Rose. Am. 47, 
 
 I}6: V also TO CONTEND (1., 1.). 3. 
 
 aemiilor, i (for constr , v. to rival) : to 
 II. with Pindar, IHndarum aemulari, 
 Hor. (v. TO rival) : to v. with the virtue 
 of ancestors, virtutem niajorum a.. Tac. 
 Agr. I). Also of things: the Basilican 
 grapes v. with the Alban wine, (Basilicae 
 uvae) Albanum vinum a., Plin. 14, 2, 4, 
 
 tjo. 4. provdco, t (prop, to chal- 
 nge) : to v. with old men in virtue, 
 senes p. virtute, Plin. Ep. 2, 7, med. ; 
 that painting v.d with nature itself, ea 
 pictura naturam ipsam provocavit, Plin. 
 J5, 10. 56, 16, { 94. Of things: the vast 
 side of the circus v.s with the magiii- 
 ficence of temples, immensum latus circi 
 templorum pulcritudineni p., Plin. Pan. 
 51, Tried. P li r. : one who v.s with an- 
 other, acmulns (v. RIVAL, subs.): all V. 
 (Krith one another) in lotting me, omnes 
 certatira me am iiit. Plin. Ep. 2, 9, ad 
 med. : the comra/it:s v. (icith one another) 
 in striking the sea (i. e. in roning), cer- 
 tatim socii feriunt mare. Virg. Aen. ;, 
 778 (cf. ingenti certiimine concitant 
 remos, Curt. 9, 4: Virg. Aen. 5, 197): 
 where the honey «.s with (that o/) Hy- 
 mettus. iibi noil Hymetto mella deced- 
 uni, Hor. Od. 2, 6, 15: v. also to equal. 
 view (subs.) : I. The power or 
 act (if seeing : 1. aspectus, us : 
 
 920 
 
 nature has made the eyes ni/oveabU so 
 that they might with ease turn their v. 
 whither they would, oculos fecit (natura) 
 mobiles ut aspectum, quo vellent, facile 
 converierent, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142 : at 
 the first v., primo aspectu, ib. 2, ;;, Qc. 
 Also in pi. (poet.): sic orsus Apollo 
 mortales medio aspectus sermone reli- 
 quit, Virg. Aen. 9, 657 (654). 2. con- 
 spectus, us : ahnost in v. of our 
 army, paene in c. e.\ercitus iiostri, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 11: to enjoy a v. of the citi/, 
 conspectu urbls frui, Cic. SuU. 9, 26 : he 
 dfscries no ship in v., naveni in c. nul- 
 1am prospicit, Virg. Aen. i, 184. Fig.: 
 to place in the mind's v., ponere in c. 
 animi, Cic. de Or. j, 40, 161. Join: 
 conspectus et cognitio naturae, id. Leg. 
 
 1, IS, 61 (v. survey). Also in sense of 
 a short v. (or sketch, like Gr. <nii'0i//i9) 
 Gell. 17, 21, iiiit. 3, prospectus, us 
 (to be used cautiously^) : v. prospect. 
 
 4. transpectus, iis (rare) : since 
 the door affords an open v. through it, 
 janua quiim per se t. praebet apertum, 
 Lucr. 4. 27J (271). 5. ocillus: he 
 vanished from their v., ex oculis evanuit, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 655. 6. acies, ei, /. ; 
 such subtlety as to elude the v., tanta 
 tenuitas ut aciem fugiat, Cic. : v. eye 
 (subs., 3): v. also look (subs.), gaze 
 (subs.) : and for fig. sense, v. considera- 
 tion (I.). Special Phr. : (I) field 
 or range of v. : as far as the field of v. 
 extended, quo longissime conspectum 
 oculi ferebant, Liv. i, 18 : cf. qua longis- 
 sime prospectari poterat, Tac. A. j. i : 
 v. prospect (L), range (subs., IV.), 
 scope, scenery, (ii.) point of v. : locus 
 la'e prospectans, Tac. H. j, 60, od init. : 
 perh., too, *locus unde prospectus s. de- 
 spectus est (based on Caes. B. G. 7, 79, 
 erat ex oppido Alesia despectus in cam- 
 pum),Georg. Fig.: this is my point of 
 v., sic hoc mihi videtur, Cic: to regard 
 a thing from a right point of v., vere s. 
 recte jtidicare de aliqua re, id. ; to regard 
 a thing from a wrong (or mistaken) 
 point of v., aliquid fallacibus judiciis 
 videre, id. (iii.) a bird's-eye v. : to 
 take a bird's-eye v. of a city, * oninem 
 urbem sub uno aspectu dospicere : lie 
 takes possession of a mounlaiii's lofty 
 summit to get a bird's-eye v. sitting, 
 niontls sul>linie cacuinen occupat, unde 
 sedens partes spcculetur in omnes, Ov. 
 M. I, 667. Fig.: so that by chronology 
 1 get a bird's-eye v. of all ut, explicatis 
 ordinibus temporum, uno in conspectu 
 omnia videam, cf. Cic. Brut. 4, 15 : cf. 
 brevi in conspectu poni, id. Leg. j, 5, 12 
 (v. also TO glance, JU.). (iv.) to oe in 
 V. : the enemy was in v., hostis in con- 
 spectu erat, cf. Gell. i, 11, med.: cf. 
 cujus prope in conspectu Aegyptus est, 
 Cic. Fam. i, 7, 5: esse in prospectu, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 10: v. also visible (to bk). 
 (v.) to expose to v. : (I.) propono, posui, 
 posituni, J . p. vexillum, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 20 p. argentum, Cic. de Or. i, 55, 161 • 
 p. in medio, id. Verr. i. 11, 29. (2.) 
 propalam collSco : tabulas et signa pro- 
 palam c, Cic. de Or. i, j;, 161 : v. also 
 Ti) display, to show, (vi.) to be ex- 
 posed to V. : spectiiculo esse, Cic. Att. 
 10. 2, 2 : she herself sitting exposed to 
 (public) v., spectaculiim ipsa sedens, 
 Prop. 5 (4), 8, 21: the tablets are ex- 
 posed to v., tabulae sunt in medio, Cic. 
 Verr. 2,42, 104. (vii.) to come into v.: 
 cadere in conspectum, Cic. Tusc. i, 22, 
 50 : sub oculos cadere, id. Or. }, 9 : cf. 
 dare se in lonspectum alicui, 'ter. Ph. 
 
 2, I, Ji : alicui in conspectum prodire, 
 lb. 2, 4, J venire in conspectum ali- 
 cujus, Cic. Fin. i, 7, 24: v. also to ap- 
 pear, (viii.) to disappear from v. : 
 V. TO disappear, vanish, (ix.) to ob- 
 struct a v. : prospectum prohiljere. Sail. 
 J. Si, init. : prospectum impedire, based 
 on Caes. B. G. 2, 22. (x.) to command 
 a V. : the town Alesia commanded a v. 
 into the plain, erat ex oppido Alesia de- 
 spectus in campum, Caes. B. G. 7, 79: 
 V. also TO command (III.). Expr. also 
 by prospicio, prospect© (v. prospect, 
 I., med., aspect. III.): specto, aapecto 
 (v. to LOOK towards), (xi.) in v. : v. 
 
 \asiBLE : in one's v., in ore atque in 
 oculis alicujus, i.Sc. Verr, 2. jj, 81 : 
 riches, honour, glory, are placed in 0, 
 divitiae, decus, gloria, in oculis sita 
 s\u(t, Sail. C. 20, _/in. : in v. of their own 
 men, praeter ora suorum, Tac. H. 4, jo: 
 cf. ante ora parentum (Virg.): (v. also 
 SIGHT, presence) : in public v., palam, 
 aperte, propalam (v. openly) : cf. in 
 luce (v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. lux). 
 (xii.) to take a v. of expr. by verbs 
 given under to view, q. v. (xiii.) to 
 keep in v., custodio, lueor (v. to guard, 
 watch)' speculiir. etc. (v. to ouserve): 
 subsequor, prosgquor (v. to follow 
 UP): to keep silcer-plaie in v., nusquam 
 ab argento digitura discrdere, Cic. Verr. 
 4. '5, ii (also ellipt. without discedere, 
 in fig. sense : ab honestissima sententia 
 digitum nusquam, Cic. Att. 7, ;, 11): 
 (Caesar) wanted to keep the Ilelretii in 
 v., discedere nolebat (ab Helvetiis), Caes. 
 B. G. 1, 16: (of a speaker), to keep 
 the argument constantly in v., *argu- 
 mentum orationis summa constantia 
 persequi (Georg.), opp. aberrare a pro- 
 posito, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 8j. ||, The v. 
 presented or general aspect : spgciea, 
 facies, aspectus: v. appearance (111.), 
 aspect (I.): spectaculum (v. sight, 
 spectacle). Ill, A picture of scenery : 
 V. landscape (11.). Phr. (fig.) : as ice 
 design to give a v. of Epaminondas's 
 way and manner of life, quum expri- 
 mere imaginem consuetudinis atque 
 vitae velimus Epaminondae, Nep. Epam. 
 I. IV. Menial survey, opinion, judg- 
 mmt : sententia, etc. (v. opinion, judg- 
 ment, III.): a speculative v., ratio (v. 
 theory): a superficial v., disputatiun- 
 cula inanis, Sen. Ep. ii"), post med.: v 
 also doctrine. Special Phr.: (i.) 
 to or in one's v., expr. (1.) by judicium: 
 e. g. to my v. at least : meo quidem 
 Judicio, Cic. (2.) by a simple dat. : e.g. 
 if they wanted to be cleared from blame 
 in his (Caesar's) v. (or eyes), si sibi 
 purgati esse vellent, Caes. B G. 1, 28, 
 init. (ii.) to take or entertain a v.: 
 often expr. by sentire (with an ex- 
 planatory word) : to entertain one and 
 the same v., unum atque idem sentire, 
 Cic. : ?«fto entertained most noble and 
 generous v.s respecting tlie state, qui de 
 republica praeclara atque egregia sen- 
 tireiit, Cic. Cat. J, 2, 5 : to entertain v.s 
 hostile to the slate, contra rempublicam 
 sentire, Cic: but v. also opinion. 
 (I., phr.). Also expr. by videtur with 
 dat. : e. g. this is the v. I take, hoc mihl 
 videtur (with ace. and inf.), Cic: dif- 
 ferent people entertain different v.s of 
 tlie honourable and the base, non eadem 
 omnibus sunt honesta atque turpia 
 
 (yuich.) : V. also TO THINK, TO JUDGE. 
 
 V, End in v., design: propdsilum, 
 consilium, etc. (v. purpose, subs.). 
 Expr. also by periphrasis of such verbs 
 as volo, specto, peto, sequor, valeo, with 
 id, quod, quid, and other pronouns • v. 
 PURPOSE (subs., 11.). Phr. : with what 
 V. f quo consilio ? Ter. Eun. 5,7, l : 
 quorsum (v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v.: 
 and art. wherefore) : vnth a good v., 
 bono consilio, Cic. N. D. j, ji, 78: with 
 this V. that.or with a v. to, eo consilio ut, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 48, init. : ea mente. . . ut, 
 Cic. Fam. 12, 14, i . ad earn rem. ., ut, 
 id. Verr. 4, 15, jj idcirco s. ideo.. . ut, 
 id. : V. also so (V., throughout). Also 
 expr. by ad or in, toll, by pron. or 
 gerund : or by ad simply . e. g. confin- 
 gis falsas causas ad discordiam, Ter. Hec 
 4, 4, 71 ; V. also FOR (prep., V.). Also 
 expr. by causa, gratia (in ant 1 ; v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. vv. Sp'Cial 
 Phr.. to have in v.: spectare (v. end, 
 subs., I v., 3, 4) : also expr. by, in animo 
 est, coglto, etc. (v. to intend, to pub- 
 pose) • to have in v. one's interests, ali- 
 cui servire, consiilere, prospicere (v. to 
 consult, III.). 
 
 view (".)-■ to take a v. of: 1. 
 viso, si, sum, j : from the ivaUs v. your 
 fields laid ivaste, ex muris visite agros 
 vastatos, Liv. j, 68, tntt. 2. inspicio, 
 aspicio, introspicio, j: v. to inspect. 
 
 3, specto, I : v. to look at (3.^
 
 VIEWLESS 
 
 VIGOROUSLT 
 
 VIGOUR 
 
 4, tueor, intueor, contueor: v. to 
 OAZB. 5. conspicio, spexi, spectura, 
 }: V. TO BEHOLD. l'"ig. : SD that IJOU 
 may v. with your mindi him vhum you 
 cannot with your ei/ts, ut conspiciatis 
 fum muntibus vi-stris quern oeiilis iion 
 liotestis, Cic. Bulb. 20, 47. 6. con- 
 spicor, 1 : V. TO dps<;kv, 7. contem- 
 
 plor, I: V. T<J COSTKMPLATE, OBSKRVK. 
 
 Join; contemplarl et conoiderare all- 
 quid, Cic. Verr. 4, 15, {}. 8. oculis 
 perlustro (to v. caieJuUy): to v. every- 
 thing, omnia oculis p.. Li v. 25, 9, init.: 
 (cf. collustrare omnia o<uli3, Cic. lusc. 5. 
 2}, 65). Fig. p. aliquld unimo, Cic. 
 ParL Or. u, ?8: v. also tu oiisKRVK, 
 
 SDRVEY: CONSIDKR, REOAICU (lit. and lig.). 
 
 viewless v. invlsible. 
 
 vigil : I. Vrvutional watching : 
 1. vigiliae, arum . on the v.s of 
 Cere«. Cereris vigiliis, I'l. Aul. prol. }6 : 
 ib. 4, 10, 65. QAlso in bud sense : entr- 
 t-ateil by sleep or v;anton v.s, somiio aut 
 libidinosis v. niarcidus, Tac. A. 6, 10 
 (.4)- ] 2. pervigilium {lasting all 
 
 night) : tlie camp rmgUcted in a v., 
 castra pervigilio neglccUi. Li v. 25, ?>, 
 fm. ; to use a thing for v.s, aliquid per- 
 "vigiliis adliibere, I'iin. 18, 12. n, ^ 124: 
 to enjoin a c, p. indicere, Suet. Cal. 54, 
 nied. : to hep v.s, p. celel)rare, lac. A. 
 15, 44, post init. • to worship an image 
 by a yearly v., (simulacrum) p. aniiiver- 
 sario colere, Suet. Galb. 4, ad fin. 3. 
 perviglliitio: nightly u.s, nocturnae p., 
 Cic. Leg. 2. 15, 57. Phr. : <o keep a v. 
 ail night in honour of Venus. Veneri 
 pervigilare, PI. Cure, i, {. 2;. ||. The 
 evening pricceditig a festival : v. eve 
 (IL). Phr. : V.S (I. e. tlie practice of 
 sitting up all night) impair lite strength 
 of the young, attenuant juvenum vigi- 
 latao c<)rp<jia noctes, cl. Ov. A. A. I, Tij. 
 
 vigilance: 1. vigil.mtia: by 
 
 vaJ4>ar and remarkable v., virtute et v. 
 singularl, Cic. Verr. 5, 1, I : and pass. 
 2. vigilia : by v. and foresight, v. 
 et prospicientia, id. Pliil. 7, 7, 19: cf. id. 
 Fam. II, 24, I; v. also vigilant (4). 
 3, cu>todia : to guard one inth 
 greater- v., intentiore c. aliquoni asser- 
 vare, Liv. jg, 19, post init. : the shep- 
 herd's v., c. pa,sU)ris, Col. 8. 4. 5 : the «. 
 of dogs, c. canum, Cic. N. i). 2, 6;, 158: 
 
 V. also GUAUDIANSHIl". 4. pi'ospi- 
 
 cienlia : v. foresight : also care (««(«., 
 
 IL), CAKEFDLNHS8 (IL), CAUTION (L). 
 
 Phr.: to exercise t)., vigilare: one must 
 always exercise v., vigilanduin est sem- 
 per, PoeU ap. Cic. Plane. 24, 59 : to re- 
 double V. [in guarding) the prisons, 
 lautuniianitn iiitenlioreni rurara liaberc, 
 Liv. J2, 26, ad fin. ; our men luid re- 
 lated all their old v., superioris tem- 
 porig conteiitionem nustri omnem re- 
 miserant. Caes. B C. 2, 14, fin. [For 
 iHth v., V vigilantlt] : v. also watch- 
 
 FDLNfSS. 
 
 vigilant : 1. vlgllans, antis : a v. 
 and shreii'd tribune, v. et acutus tri- 
 bunus, Cic. Agr. i, i, j : a v. general 
 (Hannibal), v. dii.x, Val. Ma.\. 9, 1, i,ad 
 fix- 2. vigil, ills (poet.) : V. AWAKE, 
 
 and Sniilh's Lat. Diet. s. v. Fig.: v. 
 cares, v. curae, Cie. Div. 1,4;, 96. Very 
 v., pervigil : sleepless rather than very 
 v., insomnes magis quam p., Tac. A. i, 
 6^, ad init. : cf. Plln. Pan. 6?. ad med. 
 
 3. vigilax, acis: v watchfi:l. 
 
 4. exsonmis, e (prop., sleepless, 
 wakeful): v. in mind, animo e.. Veil, i, 
 127, extr. Join; a man truly v., 
 whenever a matter demamled vigilance, 
 vir ubi res vigillani exegerit, sane e., 
 providens, atque agendi sciens, id. 2, 88, 
 ined. 5. intentus: the senate by no 
 m^a7is v., senaius nihil sane i.. Sail. C. 
 16, fin. 6. providus, etc.: v. prc- 
 
 DENT, CADTIOUS, CARKKUI. (IL), CIRCDM- 
 SPECT. 7. pionipttis ; V. ready, 
 
 PBTjMPT. Phr.- to keep a more v. eye 
 upon one, intentiore cnsliKiia aliquem 
 asservare, Liv., v. vlG^.A^cl•■. (3.). cf. 
 aliquid quam maxime intentis oculis 
 contemplari, Cic. Kl. 11, 26- Intentis 
 oculis aliquid intueri (opp. paulisper 
 connivere), id. Agr. 2, 28, 77. Phr.: 
 to be v^ vigilare (v. vioilakcb, Phr): 
 
 Join; / ihall be v. in your service, 
 excub.ibo vigilaboque pro vobis, Cic. 
 Phil. 6, 7, i3. 
 
 vigilantly: 1. vlgilanU-r Cic. 
 
 pass. 2. diligenter: v uiLioENTLr 
 also ciiiciMsi'EOTLV. But often best 
 expr. by adj. and subs.: o. g. to guard 
 v., interna custodia asservare, et«. (v. 
 prece<i. art.). 
 
 vignette; perh. •ornamentum, em- 
 blem.i. 
 
 Vigorous: 1. vfgi-lus; the tireA 
 fouijlit with the fresh and v., fessi cum 
 recontibus ac v. pugiialwnt, Liv. 22, 47, 
 extr. : cf. Cic Att. 10. 16, 6. Fig. ; u 
 V. intellect, v. mens, id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41 ; 
 cf. V. ingenium, Liv. 6, 22 : v. active 
 (IL, 4). 2. vlgens, ex\t\i: fresh and 
 V. (in body), integri ac v., Liv. 21,4?. 
 Fig.: a mind keen and v., mens acris 
 et v., Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45 : v. also infr. 
 (4). 3. vividus {full of life): a v. 
 constitution, v. corpus, Piin. Kp. ?. 1, 
 ad fin. : a v. old age, v. senectus, Tac. 
 A. 6, J? (27). Fig.: the v. force of the 
 mind, v vis aninii. Lucr. I, 73 (66) ■ v. 
 eloquence, v. eloqnentla, Tac. A. 1 5, 42, 
 7ned. 4. viridis. e (poet.): Kuryalui 
 of v. youth, K. viridi juventa, Virg. Aen. 
 5,295: Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17. Join, a r. 
 okl age. crnda v.que senectus. Virg. 
 Aen. 6, $04 (cf. Tac. Agr. 29. quibus 
 cruda ac v. senectus). Fig., v in 
 counsel, v. consilio, Sil. J, 25;. Join: 
 V. animo ac vigens. Sen. Ep. 66, init. 
 5. vi^hemens, eiitis(of^O"'M : very 
 rare iii this sense) : a nine v. andfinurish- 
 ing in much wood, vitis v. mullaque 
 materia frondens. Col. j, I, 5- For fig. 
 sense, v. animated (IL, 3): v. also 
 VEHEMENT. 6. a^er. impiger. etc. : 
 
 v. ENERGETIC, SMAKT (odj., 11.), AITTIVE. 
 
 7. alacer, cris, ere : a mind v. and 
 ready for undertaking irars. ad hella 
 suscipienda a. et promptus animus, 
 Caes. B. G. J, 19, extr.: v. also BiasK. 
 
 8. strenuus : he has prmetl himself 
 a V. fellow, s. hominem praebuii(witk- 
 out refl. pron.), Per. Ph. j, i, 12 : v. also 
 ENKKGETic. 9. rgcens, entis (nut ex- 
 hausted by faliyue : usu. joined with 
 integer) : when the v. had taken the 
 places of the tired-out, quum r. atque 
 integri defessis sucoessissent, Caes. B. C. 
 J, 94. init. : cf. id. B. G. 5, 16, extr. : v. 
 also SH^r. (1). Fig.: the other consul 
 of V. mind, recentis animi (consul) alter, 
 Liv. 21, 52. a<< init. 10. integer: v. 
 supr. (9). and Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 
 11. nerv(3sus(lit., S!n^"'.y; of style): 
 ivho more v. than Aristotle f quis Aris- 
 totele nervo.sior ? Cic. Brut ?i, 121. 
 
 12, validus, valens, robustus, etc. : 
 v. STKONo(L). 13. pBteiis (of reme- 
 die-s) Plin. 25, to, 81, ^ no: v. also 
 EFFKCTnAL, GOOD {adj.. IL). Phr.: to 
 attack a town with a v, assault, oppidum 
 magno impetu oppugnare, Caes. B. (i. 2, 
 6: the V. appeuriinee (of a tree), hila- 
 ritas, Plin. 17, 16, 26, ^ 118. To be v., 
 vigere, virere (v. to ku)URish) ■ to be- 
 come I'., vigescere (v. Smith's Lat. Diet 
 s. V.) : V. also si-IRrTED. 
 
 vigorously: 1. forttter: the 
 
 hands being uplifted very v., snblatis 
 fortius manibus, Petr. 9, post med : to 
 draw 1)1 the reins more v., fortius alira- 
 here lora. Ov. U. Am. 198 : to fight more 
 v., fortius puenare, Caes. B. (i. 2, 26 to 
 resist nuist v.. fortisaime resistere, ib. 4, 
 12. 2. acriter v. stkonglv (11., 4). 
 Join: a. atque contente propugnare, 
 Gell. 18, I. init. Fig.: 1 fought my 
 battle V. (In the Senate), a, et vehementer 
 proeliatus sum, Cie. Att. I, 16. I : v. also 
 EARNivsTi.y. 3. strt^nue to do a thing 
 v., s. aliquid faeere, PI. ."Mil. 2, 5. 48 : to 
 take up (inns v, s. capere (anna), Cic. 
 Rab. I'erd. 10, 30: v. also infr (4). 
 
 4. inipigre: v. actively. Join: 
 aliquid i. et strenue facero, Gell. 15,4. 
 meil. 5. gravUer, nervosi; (both of 
 style of speaking): v. forcibly (U.). 
 6, inti-nte: to press the besieged 
 more v., intentliis premere obsessos, Tac. 
 A. 15, U. to assist a tittng very v., in 
 
 attitt one most v , (aliquem) enixiiu>lm< 
 juvare. Suet. Caes. 5: cf. Liv. 2}, 7; 
 andpoM. (V. Forcell. s. v. enixe). 8. 
 &deu: they followet up the pursuit to 
 v., adeo effusis insliterunt, Liv. 26, 44. 
 ad mid. 9. laetS (of crops, fruit- 
 
 fully, q. v.): a aapflouruhing d.. segea 
 1. vireris, Plin. JJ, 5, 27, } 8^: v. alsa 
 STBOM^LV (IL). 
 
 vigorousness : v. vigour. 
 
 vigour : I. ^f phydcal or I'ntel- 
 lectuat force : 1, vigor. Oris (rare in 
 lit. s>n.se) : a v. cls of fire, Igm-us v, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 7{o- v. also life (IV.). 
 Fig.: v. vf minid, v. animi, Ov. H. 16, 
 51. 2. vis, vim, vi; pi. vires: v. 
 STRENGTH, POKCE. Join Ute V. of the 
 mind, vires animi vigorque, Virg. Aeo. 
 9, 610 (608) the highest r. of intellect, 
 v. summa ineenii, Cic Phil. 5, 18,49: 
 tlial great v. and excellence of an orator, 
 V. ilia divlna rt virtus oratoris, id. de 
 Or. 2, 27, 120; the lively v. of the mind, 
 vivida v. animi, Lucr. 1, 7} (66). 8. 
 viriditas, Stis : old age takes away v., 
 senectus aufert v., Cic. Am. }. II ; v. 
 also FRFj.HXKS.'^. 4. vlrillta> ( manly 
 vigour): v MANHOOD (IL). 5. robur, 
 6ns, n.; v stp.kxoth (I., 4). 6. "ervi, 
 orum ; to exert all the v. of one's age on 
 something, in allquo omnes n. aetatis 
 contendere, Cie. Verr. Act. i, 12, 15 : 
 poets strike out the v. of every virtue, 
 (poetae) n. omnis virtutis elidunt, id. 
 T'lse. 2, II, 27. 7. sucus (suc<.UB. 
 prop., juice, sap) : v. is taken au ay from 
 the cattle, s. pecori subducltur, Virg. E. 
 J, 6. Fig.; V. of intellect, a. ingenii, 
 Quint, lib. i.prooem., } 24. v. also lifb 
 (I v.). 8. .saiis^uis, inis, m. : O ye. 
 whose V. of life stands entire, vos o 
 quibus in'eger aevi s. (stat). Virg. 
 Aen. 2, 6?9 Join irhose v. fails, 
 quini s. viresque deficiunt, Caes. B. G. 
 7, 50, fin. 9. faeultates, um, /. : 
 
 V. RF.sbuRCE (6) ; V. also enf.rgy, 
 activity (III.). 10- virtus, uti.s/. : 
 V. e.xcellence (IL). Phr.: youthful 
 mental v., primus flos animi, Stat. Ach. 
 I, 625; to be in full v.. vigere, florere, 
 V. PRIME {subs., il.): in the full v. of 
 life, integerrima aetate, Cic. : i'. of life, 
 bona aetas, etc.; v. prime {subs., IL, 
 Phr.): endoived ivith v., v. vigorous; 
 to gain v., vigescere, Cic (v. to 
 
 strengthen, 1 1.: TO INCREASE, 11.) : tO 
 
 regain v., vires reenperare, Tac. H. i, 
 22, init. : C. vires revocare, Virg. Aen. 
 
 I. 214 (v. TO RECRCrr, REFRESH : also TO 
 RECOVER, B.) : without v., debilis, inflr- 
 
 niUS, etc. (v. FEEBLF, LA.NG1:ID, WEAK, 
 
 ENERVATED) : loss (of want) of P., iu- 
 fiiTOitas, debilitas, etc. (v. feeblenb*, 
 languor, weaKNF-ss); to impair c, 
 vires carpere, Virg. G. }, 21 5 (v. also To 
 enfeeble, enervate, weaken) ; to lose 
 v., languere, etc [v. to languish, to 
 FAIL (A.), to pine, to fla(;}. M i s ce 1 L: 
 u-ith v., armis et castris, Cic. Off. 2. 24, 
 184 (cf remis vellsque, veils renilsque, 
 remis ventisque, ventis remis : also, equis 
 virisque; v. Smith's 1-at. Diet. s. vv. re- 
 nins, equus) 7ior are the preparations 
 for ivar conducted with less v. amongst 
 'the enetni/. neque segnius ad hosies hel- 
 ium apparatur, Liv. 7, 7, ad med.: I 
 exerted all my v.. tentavl quid ;>os.sem, 
 Cic. Tusc I, 4, 7 : '" P"^« I'" "'.<^' ""'^ 
 the greatest v., sumino labore oppugnare, 
 Liv. (Quich.)- cf. intentc obs<•^sos pre- 
 mere, Tac. A. 15. U- '/ "•« '«'<" ""' '• 
 by delaying, si ex hoc impetu rerum 
 nihil prolataiido n-miilitur. I>lv. 17- '9. 
 med. : to pursue tvitli v.. maturo. prae- 
 cipito, iiisto, festino, v. to hurrv on 
 (IL), to hprRV (111.). II. Oi pUnta. 
 luxurianre, q. v.: luxuria, laellli*. 
 Ill Fig.: of style in oratory, etc ; 
 1, vis, vim. vi : pi- vires my poemt 
 have' no great r.. iion magnas Imbeiit 
 mea carmina vin-s. Ov. (Qulch.) : v. also 
 supr. (1., 2). 2. r6bur. 6rl», n.: 
 
 {men) who have produced some v. tn 
 writing, qui r. aliquod in stUo fecerint, 
 Quint. 10, }, 10. 3. vigor, 5rl8,m.; 
 hoia much v. is there in that book, quan- 
 
 tentius a<lesse allcui rei, ib. 11. 11. Cf. turn in illo (libro) vigons est, 6en. Ep, 
 7 i;nixe;tol64, post init. 4. nervi, orum CM 
 
 921 
 
 contente (v. supr., 2).
 
 TIKINO 
 
 VIIil^AIN 
 
 V I I- 1- A N A G E 
 
 speech of these vitn has neither r. rwr 
 oratorical point, horuni oratio neque n. 
 neque aculeos oratorios habel, Cic. Or. 
 19, 62 ■ cf. Hor. A. P 26. 5. lacerti, 
 orum : in I.ysias there is often v. to 
 *ach an extent that nothing can be pro- 
 duced more powerful, in Ljsia Siiepe 
 mnt laccrtl, sic ut fieri nihil possit val- 
 entius. Cic. Brut. 16, 64. Join to 
 hurl the orator's spears vith v., (has- 
 tas) oratoris lacertis viribusque torijiiere. 
 Id. de Or. i, %"). 242. 6. sanguis. Inis, 
 W». : expressions full of v., (dicta) plena 
 sanguinis, Quint. II, I, J4. Join: to 
 shine in v., sanguine et viribus nitere, 
 Id. 8, ?, 6 7. siicus (succus) a speech 
 is adorned by its o"-n v., ornatur oratio 
 1. sno, Cic. de Or. j, 2 ;, 96. Join: that 
 V. of orators, s. ille et sanguis (orator- 
 um), i I. Brut. 9. 36. 8 impetus, us; 
 pleadings ivhich are read aloud lose all 
 their v. and warmth, acliones quae re- 
 citantur i. onincm calorenique perdunt, 
 Plin. Ep. 2, 19. init. : v. also KNi-jjcy (4). 
 9. contentio: v energy (5). 10. 
 gravitas: v. weight. Phr : purity 
 and manly v., sanctitas et virllitas, 
 Quint. I, 8. 9. Join vithout v. (of 
 an orator), fractus atque elumbis, Tac. 
 Or iZ.fni. (V, also knervated). 
 
 viking i V. riR.\TE. 
 
 vile : I. ^Vorthless, mean, con- 
 temptible : 1. Vilis, e V. PALTRY. 
 
 2. contemnendus, contemptus, de- 
 
 SpIcatUS . V. CONTEMPTIBLE. 3. ab- 
 
 jectus, projectus, bumilis . v. abjkct. 
 Join {held) v. by all the rest, a., con- 
 temptus, despectus a ceteris, Cic. Pis. 
 41, 99 : a r. fellow, contemptus et ab- 
 jectus homo, id. Agr. 2, 34, 9? (also 
 expr. by nebulo, an idle rascal, Cic. 
 Hon). 4. bumilis, sordidus : v. gro- 
 velling, SORDID (II.), MEAN {adj. II.). 
 5. nequam v. good-for-xothing. 
 Phr.: to make one appear v., in con- 
 temptionem aliquem adducere, Cic. Inv. 
 I, 16 to accoimt one ?>., aliquem habere 
 contemptui, Suet. Aug. 9; (cf. aliquem 
 habere despicatui, Pi. Meu. 4, j, 19) : to 
 be accounted v., esse contemptui, Caes. 
 B. G. 2. JO. [May also be e.xpr by act. 
 and pass, respectively of contcmno.] 'J'o 
 become u, in contemptiuneni venire, 
 Caes. B. G. J, 17, post med. ||. Morally 
 base, depraved : 1. turpis, e v. 
 
 BASE {aitj IV.), disgraceiul. i.mmoral. 
 Join : the v.e.st {fellow^ (f all, omnium 
 turpissimus et sordidissimiis. Cic Att. 
 9, 9. }• 2. maculosus the law has 
 subdued the v. abomination, le.\ m. 
 edomuit nefas, Hor. Od. 4, 5, 22 i'. 
 senators, m. senatores, Cic. Alt. i, 16, j. 
 
 3, inquinatus v low (adj., VII.), 
 vulgar. 4. foedus, teter, spurcus, 
 liitiilentus (rare), obscenus: v. fodl, 
 filthy, obscene. 5. inipiirus, in- 
 ccstus ■ V impure, ukchaste. 6. 
 perditus flagiliosus, etc. pravus, cor- 
 ruptus nfitarius, nefaiuius: v profli- 
 gate, depraved, wicked. 7- '111- 
 manis, atrox: v atrocious, heinous. 
 
 8. delestabilis, e a v. crime, d. 
 Bcelus, Cic. Am. 8, 27 cf. d. exemplum, 
 Liv. 26, 48, atZJin. Cf. od;ll^us (v. hate- 
 ful). Phr.. a V fellow, scelus (ab- 
 stract lor "oncrete). Plant, v also 
 RASt-AL, villain (II.) a V. act (may 
 Bometimis be expr by) facinus, scelus, 
 flagitium, without an ck'j cf. Cic. Verr. 
 5,66, 170 Tac. Ger 12, (v also crime): 
 V. acts, inipuritates, Cic, Phil. 2, }, 6 
 (cf. impuritiae. PI. Pers. j, j, 7): v. ex- 
 pressions, sordes verbonmi, Tac. Or 2i. 
 med. (v. also low. adj., VII., Phr.) 
 
 vilely . I. Meanly : sordide, illi- 
 bgraliter, etc. v meanly (II., Ill), 
 CONTEMpriBLV ||. Bosely : 1. tur- 
 plter V BASELY 2. flagitiose, foede, 
 etc. V DISGRACEFULLY. 3 nC'tarie : 
 
 V, ABOMINABLY. 4. impure, inceste, 
 
 obscene v impcrely, disgustingly 
 
 6. prave, scgleste. scelerate v. 
 
 WICKEDLY. BADLY. VILLAINOUSLY 
 
 Vileness 1 turpitudo, inis, / ; 
 
 the V of flight, t. fiigae, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 
 V), post med.: cf. Verr Act. I. l6 49 
 
 2. pravltas, etc. : imprSbitas v 
 
 dbpravity, WICKEDNESS. 3. focditas 
 
 922 
 
 oVjscenitas v. foulness, obscenity'. 
 Join depravatio et f. turpific;iti ani- 
 mi, Cic. Off. ?. 29. lo;. 4. nequitia : 
 
 V VILLAINY (II., 2). 5. indlgnitas: 
 
 V UN worth IN ess (Or expr. by adj. 
 with animus.) 
 
 vilification ; obtrectatio, etc. . V. 
 
 DISPAltACIMENT. 
 
 vilifier • obtrectator. etc. : v. ca- 
 lumniator, REVILER. 
 
 vilify : I. To debase, disgrace, 
 
 q. v. (c!. ililton: "Their Maker's image 
 thev vilijied"). ||. To defame 1. 
 
 diffanio, iufamo: v to defame (1, 2, 
 and 4). 2. criminor ■ v to calum- 
 niate. 3. detraho, detrecto, obtrecto : 
 
 V. to DETRACT FHOM, DISPARAGE, SLAN- 
 DER. 4. nialedico, etc. v, to rf.vile. 
 Phr. to v., existimationera oppugnare, 
 Cic. Fam. ;, lo. 8 (cf. existiniaUonem 
 lacerare, .Siiet. Caes. 75, extr ) ; to be v.'d 
 by all, omnium sermonibus vapulare, 
 Cic. Att. 2, 14, I. 
 
 villa ; villa V. country-house. 
 ' village ; 1. p5g"s i» ''« «"d 
 market-places. In p. forisque. Liv. 2;, 5, 
 med. .- about the v.s arid cross-roads, 
 pages et compita circum, Virg. G. 2, 
 382 leaving out the large v.s and the 
 small ones (or /tamWs), omissis p. vicis- 
 que, Tac. A. i, 56, post med. 2. vicus 
 {a smaller v. than pagus • prop., a quar- 
 ter of a city, a street) : Cic. Fontei. 5, 19 • 
 Caes. B. G. i, 5: Tac: Hor. Dimin. 
 vIcMus, Cic. Rep. I, 2. 5 : Liv. 21, Jj, 
 ad fin. M i s c e 1 1. • of a v., v.-, paga- 
 nus" v.-hearths, pagani foci, Ov. F. i, 
 670: PUn : cf. paganicus a v.-fair, 
 paganicae feriae, Varr. L. L. 6, }, ^ 26 
 (called also, paganalia, Macr. Sat. i, 16) : 
 a v.-school, *ludus literarum paganus, 
 based on Liv. j, 44 : a v.-school-master, 
 *ludi literarum pagani magister by v.s 
 (or in every v.), pagatim : temples con- 
 secrated in every v., templa pagatim 
 sacrata, Liv. }i. 26, adfm.: v.-wise (or 
 from V. to v., in hamlets), vicatim • to 
 dwell i\-wise, V. habitare. Liv. 9, ij, 
 med.: cf. Plin. 6, 26, }o, ^ 17: sooth- 
 sayers who travelled from, v. lo v., 
 h.\ruspices vicani, Enn. in Cic. Oiv. i, 
 58, 1J2: a baiUJf of a v. (or burgo- 
 master), comarchus (= icuifiapxo?). PI. 
 Cure. 2, }, 7 : in pure Latin, magi.ster 
 vici, Suet. Aug. jo, ad init. (Kor an in- 
 habitant of a v., V. villager): v. also 
 country {subs, and adj.), ucsric (adj.). 
 villager ; 1. paganus : v.s and 
 
 tonnsfolk, p. et oppidani, Auct. B. Alex. 
 Jf) 2. pagus (abstract tor conciete): 
 the festive v.s are keeping holiday in the 
 meadows, lestus in pratis vacat p., Hor. 
 Od. }, 18, II cf. pagus agat testum, Ov. 
 F I, 669. 3. vicani, orum . Liv. j8, 
 JO, ad fin. Seldom in sing. : e. g. Tmo- 
 lites the v., l' ille vicanus, Cic. Fl. j, 8. 
 
 4. rusticus, agrestis : v. peasant. 
 villain ; I. i" feudal law, one 
 
 who holds lands by a base or servile 
 tenure, a bondman : in this sense also 
 spelt VILLEIN, villan. 1. ascriptitius 
 (-cius) servus {a slave attaclied to the 
 soil and transferred with it): Cod. Just. 
 II, 47, 6. [Ascriptitii glebae, villains 
 regardant (Blacksione), opp. villains in 
 gross who were transferable from one 
 owner to another, and may be expr. by 
 mancipia (v. infr., 3), or perh. servi.] 
 
 2 *ascriptus glebae, villanus M. L. 
 
 3, niancipium (a slave by purchase, 
 regarded as properly) Cic. ^luss. 4.' 
 colonns (of the later Imperial period): 
 Cod. Just. II, 47, 2 and 7 v. Smith's 
 Diet. Ant. pp. Jil, 312 V also serf. 
 Phr. v.-socage (or soccage), * socagmm 
 villanum, Du Gang. || A deliberate 
 scoundrel (in this sense only written 
 VILLAIN)- 1, expr. by adj., with or 
 without homo . (homo) scelestus, PI. : 
 Ter. homo nequam, fiagitiosus. Cic. 
 (V RASCAL, rogue) the greatest v.s, 
 homines sceleratissimi, Sail. Jug. Ji, 
 med. : a most ingenious v., homo inge- 
 niosissime nequam, Veil. 2, 48, post 
 med. Join: thou nouldst have been 
 a v., scelei'iitus et nefarius fueris, Cic, 
 Mur. JO, 62: cf. id. Rep. J, 17, 27, 12: 
 ct homines malefici sceleratique, Cic. 
 
 Verr. 5, 55, 144: conscelerati contami- 
 natique homines, Liv. 2, J7, extr. : im- 
 probus et scelestus, PI. Mil. {, i, IJ5; 
 mains et nequam homo, PI. Ps. 4, 7, I : 
 improbus homo et perfidiosus, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 7J, 297 homo nefarius impius- 
 que, id. Off. 2, 14, 51 . homo nequam et 
 improbus, id. Deiot. 7, 21 : thegreatest v. 
 on eaHh, profligatissimus omnium mor- 
 talium ac peiditissimus, id. Verr. j, 26, 
 65 cf. longe post natos homines impro- 
 bissinms, id. Brut. 62, 224. 2. scelus, 
 flagitium (abstract for concrete), turci- 
 fer, verbSro (v. rascal); veteiator (v. 
 rogue). Phr.: to play the v. (expr. 
 by) scelus (and adj.) with verb : e. g. 
 scelus nefarium facere, perficere, moliri, 
 suscipere (v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. 
 scelus) : the greatest v.s, maximorum 
 molitoies scelerum. Sen. Tranq. 7, post 
 med. Join that v., labes illud atque 
 coenum, Cic. Sest. 8, 20: cf. coenum 
 illud ac labes, ib. II, 26. 
 
 villainous: |. of persons: 1. 
 scelestus, scelefatus, nequam, etc. (v. 
 VILLAIN, II.). 2, facinorosus : most 
 V. cut-throats, facinorosissimi sicarii, Cic. 
 Sest. ?8, 81 : cf. id Cat. 2, 10, 2J. ||. 
 
 Of things ■ 1. scelestus : to a v. act 
 he added more v. language, s. facinori 
 scelestiorem sermonem addidit. Liv. 5, 
 27, post init. Join: s. ac nefarium 
 facinus, Cic. Rose. Am. ij, 57: res s., 
 atrox, nefaria, ib. 22, 62. 2. scelera- 
 tus, nefarius, nefandus : v. wicked, 
 accursed. 3, Infamis, flagitiosus 
 
 V. INFAMOUS. 4. foedus, teter : atrox 
 
 V. FOUL {adj. II.), HEINOUS, ATIiOCIOLS 
 V. also \ ILE. 
 
 villainously ; 1. scelesle .- pro- 
 perty v. acipiii ed, parta bona s., PI. Hud, 
 2, 6, 22. Join: to act i'., s. atque im- 
 pie facere, Liv. 24, 25, init. 2. sce- 
 lerate: to do nothing v., nihil s. lacere, 
 Cic. Sull. 24, 67 planning most v. all 
 pMs, omnes insidias sceleratissime nia- 
 chinatus, id. Sest. 64, ijj. 3. flagi- 
 tiose: V. SCANDALOUSLY, SHAMEFULLY. 
 
 4. ngfarie: v. abominably, atro- 
 ciously. 5 spurce (lit. fdthily) : v. 
 done, s. fjictum, Auct. ad Her. i, 5, 8 : v 
 
 also VILELY. 
 
 villainousness : v. villainy. 
 villainy: I, The dispositimi: 
 
 I. best expr. by mens s. animus 
 with adj. (v, villainous); e. g., what 
 they have lusted after in their v., quae 
 roente conscelerata et nefaria concupier- 
 unt, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19. 2, pravitas, 
 etc.; v. depravity. 3. immanitas, 
 atrocitas ; v. enorsiity, heinousness. 
 
 4. scelus, iniprobitas v. wicked- 
 ness. 5. malliia; v. dishonesty. 
 
 II. The act- 1. scelus, eris, n. 
 (usu. joined with netarius) ; steeped in 
 v.s, nefariis s. cooperius, Cic. Verr. i, 4, 
 9 : to conceive a v., in se s. concipere. ib. : 
 to perpetrate a v., s. nefarium facere, id. 
 de Or. I, 51, 220 (v. also Smith's l>at. 
 Diet. s. v. scelus). 2, nequitia re- 
 markable v., insignis n., Cic Pis. 6, 12: 
 a xvork^hop of v., officina nequiliae ^fig., 
 of a villain's house), id. Rose. Am. 46, 
 IJ4. 3. flagitium: v. vice (U.). 
 
 4, facinus, oris, n.: {men) diosen 
 for violence, v., and murder, ad vim, f., 
 caedemque delecti, id. Agr. 2, 28, 77. 
 Join: scelus et f., id. Mil. 16, 4J to 
 O'niit no v., nihil facinoris, nihil flagitii 
 praetermittere, Liv. J9, i}, post med.: 
 
 V. also CRIME. 
 
 villan : v. villain (I.> 
 
 villanage (written also VILLENAGB 
 or VILLEINAGE, a tenure of lands and 
 tenements by base services) : 1, angaria 
 (a Persian word, but occurring, according 
 to Forcell., as early as Cicero's time ; ct 
 Fragm. Nicidi; [a contemporary of Cic] 
 ap. Gell. 19, 14, ad fin.) . Arcad. Dig. 50, 
 4, 18, } 29. 2. Opera serva {the ser- 
 vice reniia-ed), based on PI. Pers. 2, 
 4, 9- 3. * villenagium ; Du Cange. 
 Phr. ; to exact v., angariare, Ulp. Dig. 
 49, 18, 4 : to perform v., angariam s. 
 operani servam praestare (based on, an- 
 gariarum praestalio, Paul Dig.), Georg.t 
 Lycurgus gave the lands of the wealthy 
 to the plebs to be tilled as in v., Lycnr-
 
 V I L L A N o r; s 
 
 V 1 N E - D n E S S E H 
 
 X T A G E 
 
 pis affros locupletiim) plebl ut servilio 
 colefidos deilit, Cic. l^^-p. j, o. i6. 
 
 villanous. villanously. villan- 
 •nsness. villany ^'- ^ h.laikols, 
 
 Vn-LAINOCS/.V, VILLAINOL'iKKSS, VIL- 
 LAINY. 
 
 villein: v. villain (l). 
 villeinage, villenage : v- villan- 
 
 AGK. 
 
 villous : viliosus : Piin. 
 
 vinaigrette: acetabulum: v.CBTJBT. 
 
 vindicate : I. ^f'o muintain as a 
 right, to luihl succesffully against : 
 1. t*ne.>, 2, ail' I compds. ; to v. one's 
 rights. iussuam tenere.Cic. lU'p. i, ?2. 48: 
 ct jusretlnere. oblinere . v. to maintain 
 (II-)- 2. jus persSquor id. Oiv. in 
 Caecil. 6, ?!• cf. armis jus suum exse- 
 qui.Caes.B.G. i, 4. 3. viudlco, i so 
 great was the universal fetliiig throiu/h- 
 out the whole of (;aul that liberty should 
 be v.'d, tanta ui\i versae Galliae con.sensio 
 fuit libprtatis vindirandae, id. "), 76: cf. 
 se in libertatein vindicare, Cic, pass. : 
 aliquem in libeitat<:'m asscrere (to v. or 
 assert the lilH?rty of an actual slave), 
 Suet. Vitell. 10, ad med. ||. To sup- 
 port by argunufht: 1, obtTueo: v. 
 TO maintain (VII.). 2. pr(3bo, etc. : 
 to V. my coiiiliui to i/i.u. ut vobis ration- 
 em mei facti piubem, Cic. Mur. 2, } : v. 
 
 TO PROVE, bUBSTANTIATE. |||. TO 
 
 justify: purgo: v. to jl-stift. Phr. : 
 culpa aliquem liberare. etc. (v. TO EX- 
 cttlpatk) : V. also TO I'LEAB (II., phr.), 
 INNOCENCE (phr.). Mi see 11.- to v. 
 justice, pro aequitaie propugnare, Cic. 
 Off. I, 19, 62: to V. one's reputation, 
 pro fama alicujus propugnare, id. Rab. 
 I'erd. 10, jo: to v. one's own innocence, 
 expedire se criraine, Ter. Hec. j, I, 29: 
 to do so by accusing another, alieno 
 crimine protegeie Innoceniiam suam, 
 Liv. (Quich.). 
 
 vindication: I. ^ maintaining 
 one's rifjIUs : 1. propugnaiio our v. 
 and defence of your position, nostra p. 
 ac defensio dignitatis tuae. Cic. Fam. I, 
 ■7,2. 2, patrocinium : the v. of jus- 
 tice, p. aequitatis, id. de Or. 1, 57, 242. 
 
 3. vindicatio (rare In tbis sense) : 
 vindicatio per quara vim et contuineliam 
 defendeudo aut ulciscendo propuUamns 
 a nobis et a nostris, qui nobis esse cari 
 debent: ct per qiiani peccala punimus, 
 Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66 cf. ib. 2, ?{, 161. 
 
 4. or expr. by verb (v. to vindi- 
 cate): eg the unanimous feeling for 
 a V. of liberty, consensio liberiatis vindi- 
 caiidae, Caes. B. G. 7, 76. ||. excul- 
 pation : purgatio, satistactio : v. justi- 
 fication, DEFENCE (111.). Phr.: m 
 his V. of himself , quum se purgut, Cic: 
 to V. themselves, ut non deliquisse vide- 
 anlur, id. : he says a few uords in v. of 
 himself, pauca pro delicto suo verba 
 facit, Sail. / have only one thing to say 
 in v., tliat. etc., una defensio uccurrit, 
 quod, etc., I'ac. |||, Of an argument, 
 support, q V. 
 
 vindicator : 1. propugnator : v. 
 CHAMi-ioN. 2. defensor : v. defend- 
 er. 3. assertor : the sivord tlw. v. of 
 freedom, gladius a. libeiUitis, Sen. Ep. 
 I J, ad fin.: V. also maintainer. 4. 
 vindex : v. maintainer. (Kxcept in 
 the above senses, expr. by verb.) 
 
 vindicatory: v. afolocetic. 
 
 vindictive : 1. avidus poen le (so. 
 sumeiidae) Liv. 8, {O, extr. 2. ini- 
 micitiarum perscquens (i. e. ulciscens 
 Inimicltla-s, Forcell.) Auct. ail Her. 2, 
 19, 29. I'lir. ; a V. man, qui nullam 
 injuriam iniiliani Impunitanniue diinit- 
 tit, based on CU-. Veir. 5, 58, 149. no 
 one is more v. than a noman, vindicla 
 (abl. : revenge) nemo magis gaudet quam 
 femlna, Juv. i j. 191 all felt v., omnium 
 aninii ad ulcisceiidum ardibunt, Caes. 
 B. G. 6, J4, ad fin. (cf. acrius ad ul- 
 tionem e.xarsere, Tac. A. 12. ;8 in 
 mltionem excanduit [_perf. of excan- 
 desco], Flor. 2, 18, meiL): v. also ee- 
 
 TENGEFUI- 
 
 vindictively : expr. by adj. (v. 
 
 VnJDICT|\ K). 
 
 vindictiveness ; tilciscendi libido • 
 cic. TiiBC. 4, 19, 44. Phr. : to glut, 
 
 one's V. explere se ultione, Tac A. 4, j 
 25: to shovi v., irae Indulgere, Liv. 2), ] 
 I, post init. (Or expr. by adj. with I 
 animus.) 1 
 
 vine (subs.) : 1. vitis. is, / (Uie 
 grape -(tearing t'ln*): * Vltis vinifera, 
 Linn, /yimin., viiicula. Cic. N. I), l, is, 
 86. y.s lay hold of props with tlitir ten- 
 drils. vit<* claviculis adminioula appre- 
 hendunt, ib. 2.47, 120 cf. id. .Sen. 15, 52: 
 the V. abounding in useless boughs runs 
 to vood, V. supervacuis frondlbus Uixu- 
 rians silvescit, based on Col. 4, 11. med. : 
 a V. vigorous and jlourii^hing in much 
 irood. V. vehemens mullaque materia 
 frundens. id. j, I. 5 : young r.s, novellae 
 v.. Virg. K. J, II ■ late-bearing vj, 
 tardae v.. Mart. 1. 4J, J : a good sort of 
 v., V. generosa, Col. j, 2, ad fm. : to 
 plant the v., v. serere, Cic. Kep. 5, 9, 16 
 (cf. pon" ordine vires, \Mrg. K. i. 75)' 
 to cultivate the v., v. colere, Cic. Fin. 4, 
 14, ;8: to piro]tagate the v., v. propagare. 
 cf. Cato In Plin. 17, I}, 21, ^97: to graft 
 the v., V. inserere. Col. Arb. 8, 2 : to 
 prune the v., v. putare, V^irg. G. 2, 407 
 (cf. V. amputire, Cic. Sen. i;, 52): to 
 support vs, v. alligare, based on Ciol. 4, 
 20: (cf. [vitibus] furcas sulidere, Plin. 
 14, 2, 4, 9 52). -Join : V. adminicular! 
 arborique Jungere, Col. Arb. 16 : tlms 
 are nedded (i. e. attached to) v.s, ulmi 
 vitibus marifcintur. Col 11, 2, 79 (cf. 
 ulmis adjiingere vites, Virg. G. I, 2 : 
 intexere vitibus ulmos, ib. 2. 22 1). 2. 
 vinea (prop, a plantation of vines: but 
 often used for vitis by the Scriptores 
 Rei Kustirae) • to trim v.s, paniplnare 
 vineas, Plin. 18, 27, 67, i 254: to pre- 
 pare the ground for planting v.s, pas- 
 tinare vineas, id. 18. 16, 6;, i 240 : to 
 prop v.s, v. palare. Col. 11. 2, 16 (cf. v. 
 pedare, id. 4, 12, init. : staiuminibus v. 
 impcdare, i<i. 4, 16. 2. J i> i n : v. admini- 
 culari arl)orique Jugare, id. 4, 26, init.). 
 3. labrusca (or labrusca vitis, the 
 v-ild V. : V. Smith's I^at. Diet. s. v.). 
 Phr.: to set out new v.s, novellare, "^uet. 
 Dom. 7 : to trim v.s, pampinare, Varr. 
 R. R. 1, 51, 2 : a trimming of v.s, pani- 1 
 pinatio, Col. 4, 6. i : Plin. • to prepare i 
 the ground for planting v.s, pa.-.tinare ; 
 agrum, C<iL ?. i ?, med. : land suita'ile 
 for planting v.s, terra vinealis, id. j. 12, 
 I: v.-bearing hills, vitiferi colics, I'lin. 
 J, 5, Q. 5 6c (cf. vitifer mons, Sil. 4, 149). 
 vine (adj.) : 1. vitiggnus (vive- 
 born) : V. liquor, Lucr. 5, i; : v. latices, 
 id. 6, 1071 (1069). 2. vitigineus (like 
 preced.) : v.-slips, v. mirculi. Cato R. R. 
 41, }: v.-leaves, v. folia. Col. 12, 16, j: 
 cf. V. ligna, Plin. jo, 6, 16, ^ 50. 3. 
 vlnearius(/>'rtoi'nin.'; to vines): v.-hills, 
 V. coUes, Col. 5, 6, {6. 4. vineaticus 
 (like preced.): v. semina, id. 4, I. 1 : v. 
 cultus, id. 4. 5?. 6. Phr.: v.-clud moun- 
 tains, amini vitibus niontes, Flor. 1, 16, 
 5 ■ v. also foil. ant. 
 
 vine-arbour : 1. pergula : Col. 4, 
 21, m>-d.: Plin. 14. I, J. II. (Hence, 
 pergulana vitis, a vine trained orer an 
 arbour. Col. j. 2. 28 : called also, irtiola, 
 ib.) 2. trictiila: v. Forcell. s. v. 
 
 branch <"" shoot : 1. palmes, 
 
 itis, m. (a vnie-sprout) : Plin.: Virg.: 
 Ov. 2. painpinus (like preced.: tor 
 gender, v. Smith's Lat. Diet, s v.): to 
 clear anay v.s. p. detergere, Plin. 17, 22, 
 J5. i 175: Virg.- Ov. 3. claviciila 
 (a Hne-lendril) : Cic. Sen. i?. ;2. 4. 
 capreolus (like preced.). Col. i, ?l, 4: 
 Plin. I-, 2!, !>. J 208. 5. vivlradix, 
 surculus. propago v. quicksi T . Col. 
 }>ass. 6- tradux. iicls, m. (a rine-layer 
 trained for propagatum) : Varr. R. R. 
 I. 8. 4. "Called also, rumpus, ib. 7. 
 mallerniis (like preced.) : Col. pass. 8. 
 flagellum (rare one of the highest taper- 
 ing branrhis): Virg. G. 2, 299 \arr. 
 9. vitis (a vine-sapling): Ov. M. 6, 
 591 . Cato P. R. 41. 
 
 dresser : 1. vinitor : Cic 
 
 Fin. ;. 14. 40 Virg. E. 10, ?6. 2. 
 (viiis) ciiltor: Cic. Fin. 1;. 14. 40. 3. 
 viticola: Sil. 7, 195. (N.R— Not vin- 
 deniit^r f vindemiator], as in R. and A., 
 which — vintager, q. v ) P li r. : a v.'s 
 knife, vinitoria falx. Col. 4, 25, init.: 
 
 cf. vineatica falcula, Cato R. R. .1. 4 
 med. 
 
 vine -fretter or grub : convolvjiug 
 Cato K. li. J 5, I Plin. 17, 28. 47, } 264. 
 ("Pyralis vitis, Bosc: Sphinx elpCnor, 
 Linn.). 
 
 grower or planter ; 1. vi- 
 
 iTsator : a .^aOine v., v. Sabinns, V irg. 
 Aen. 7, 179. 2. coiLslior uvae : of 
 Bacchus, Ov. M. 4, 14 (cf vitis repertor, 
 also of Bacchus, Varr R. R. I, 2. 19). 
 3. jierh. vitis cultor, Cic; viiic6la, 
 
 SiL ; V. VINK-DRIi-feKIt. 
 
 -grub : V. VIJJE-KKETTKR. 
 
 miife : v. vi.sk-dkksser. 
 
 -leaf: pampinus, m. (for gender, 
 
 V. Smith's l,at. Diet. s. v.): the grape 
 clad in vj, uva vt-stita piiiipinis, Cic 
 Sen. 15, ;j: cf. omatus viridi trnipora 
 pampino Liber, Hor. OJ. 4, 8. j:. Hence 
 ihe toll adjj. : (1.) pampliieus: tp^art 
 nrapprd lound triUi vj, p. hastae, Virg. 
 Aen. 7, J96 : a cliaplft of v.z, p. corona, 
 Tac. A. 1 1, 4. (2.) pampinOsus : a nne 
 full of leavs, p. vitis. Col. 5, 5 : Plin. 
 2}, I, 16, i 21 : V. also VISE (fldj.), 2. 
 
 -planter: v. vink-i.buweb. 
 
 -prop : 1. pe'lamen, adminl- 
 
 culum, p6diimentum,statumen : v. fbof 
 (subs.). 2. lidica: Cato R R. 17, 
 init. . Varr. H. K. i, 8, init. 3. furca: 
 Plin. 14, 2, 4, } 52. 
 
 vinery : v. hot-hocse. 
 
 vine-shoot: v. vine-branch. 
 
 -stock : P^rb- vitis stirps <. 
 
 materia: cir. vitis simply. 
 
 vinegar : aeetum : very tour (or 
 strong) v., acidissimum a., PL Ps. 2, 4, 
 49 : cf. a. acerrinium, Cels. 4, 4, }. nted. : 
 a. a.=perriiiium, Plin. 20, 9. 59. } 91 to 
 pickle in v., in aceto condlre, id. 14. 19. 
 2 J, $ 119: to soak by v., ex aceto nia- 
 cerare, id. JJ, 5, 26, { 88: toinfuse olivet 
 with V. (i.e. jiour v. on iA«m). (olivas) 
 aceto iiil'undere. Col. 12, 47, cuJ med.: 
 v.-mead (or honey -mewi: a Roman 
 drink), mulsum aeetum, Cato R. R 157, 
 ad med. : PI. (cf. posca, a drink made 
 of vinegar and water, PI. ilil. j, 2. 2J : 
 Plin. 27, 4. 12, V 2q). Phr.: chaJk 
 steeped in v., acida crela. Mart. 6, 9}, 9- 
 a pickle of v. and brine, oxalnie (= 
 ojoiA/oiT)), Plin. 25, 2. 29, } 61 to turn to 
 (or become) v., (of wine, etc."), ace&c», 
 coacesco, inacesco (v sour, adj., Phr.) : 
 as s. as t)., acidissmius. Fig.: to look 
 v., vultus acerbos sumere, Ov. (v. sodr, 
 adj., II., 1). 
 
 -cruet: iieelabulum: v. CRCKT. 
 
 -manufactory : perh. 'offlcina 
 
 aceti, based (Hi Caes. H. C. I, 54. offlcina 
 armorum (a manufactory of arms). 
 
 plant : • Ulvlna acetl s. Myco- 
 
 denna aeeii (Bot.). 
 
 vineyard: 1. vinea: to plant 
 v.s, v. inslituere, Cic Agr. 2, 25, 67 (cf. 
 agrum vineisvestire. Col. }, 4): to plant 
 V.S closely, v. frequenlare, cf. Col 4. 15, 
 init.; to plant a v. afresh, v reiiovel- 
 lare, CoL Arb. 6. wl init.: Virg. G. 1. 
 jQO 2 vinetum ; to nuiKe v.!. v. 
 
 facere, Col'. !, 4' Cic N. D. 2.66, 167: 
 Virg. G. 2, Jig. I'rov.- to cut doicn 
 one's oivn v.s (1. e to be seerre imrards 
 oneself), v. sua caedere. cf Hor. Ep. 2, 
 1, 220. 3. vinearlus hortiis; Ulp. 
 I)ig 50, 16.' 198. 4. viii.irium (a 
 nursery for vines) Cito. R K. 40. init..- 
 Varr : Col. 5. arbustum (a r. plant- 
 ed tvith trees : whereas ihe ririfa wa» 
 one in which the vine lay upon Ou 
 earth, or v as supported by poles) ; Cic. 
 Sen. i;, 54. Fig. abusive language 
 that smac'.e'l of the v., expressa arbusto 
 convieia, Hor. S I, 7. 29 (cf. balilus cadi, 
 Plin. 14, 22,28,} «42)- 
 
 vinous: L vinSsns: jutce of a 
 V llairntr, succus v., I'lin. i;. 24, 27, 
 496: cf. V. s;ipor, itl. 12. U, 27. ^47; 
 odor v., id. 27. 4- I', i -8- 2. expr. 
 by vini with stibs. : <■. C-. o- .fuma, 
 vinl anhelitus, Cic I'osl. Red. 7, 16 cf. 
 vini odor s. Siipor (Georg), Phr.: to 
 hare a v. smacl; vlniim redolere. Cic 
 Phil. 2, :>.6i. 
 
 vintage : I tI" "P""' ""^ I 
 vindemia; tvhen the grape i-all Oe npe, 
 the vintage tnuU taU fUux (or bt 
 
 9^3
 
 VINTAGER 
 
 V I O T-ENT 
 
 VIOI>ENTLY 
 
 gathered in), uva cum erit matura, 
 sindemiam fieri oportet, Varr. R. R. i, 
 54, I Plaut. 2. uvarum perceptio, 
 based on Cic. Off. 2, j, i2. ||. 'J'ht 
 time: fgriae vindemiarum (opp. feriae 
 messium), Suet. Oaes. 40. Also, vinde- 
 miae simply, M. A urel. |||. The pro- 
 duce : 1. vindemia : not the same v. 
 hangs on our trees, noii eadem arboribiis 
 pendet v. nostris, Virg. G. 2, 89 : cf. ib. 
 2, 522 : to gather the v., v. metere, Plin. 
 I'l, 22, 35, ^ 185 : cf. V, cogere, Col. 2, 22, 
 med. : to manage the v., v. celebrare, 
 Pallad. Sept. II (cf. v. administrare, Varr. 
 R. R. 1, 17, P"St init.) : / have but aporrr 
 
 violence ; I. inherent overpower- 
 ing force, whether physical or mental : 
 1. viOlenl.ia: the continued v. of the 
 storm, V. assidua hiemis, Col. i, i, 5 ^ "'« 
 ti. of the sun s ray, v. radii (soils), Plin. 
 2, 16, I ?, § 10. Fig.: the uncurbed v. 
 of the upstart, novi (hominis) effrenata 
 v., Cic. Phil. 12, II, 2b: frightened by 
 Ids threats and v., minis ejus ac v. ter- 
 ritus, Suet. Ner. J4, post init. 2. vis, 
 vim, vi: plur, vires, /. ■• the v. of the 
 storm, V tenipestatis, Cic. N. D. j, ?i, 
 76 (cf. V. venientis aquai, Lucr. i, 280). 
 Also strengthened by violentus : vio- 
 leiita vis viri, Lucr. 5, 962 : cf. vis vio- 
 
 v' net 'a better one ilian I had expected, Wenti venti. ib. 1225 (1222): v also 
 
 "graciles quidem, nheriores tamen 
 quam expectaveram coUifjo, Plin. Ep. 9, 
 20 : to cause full v.s, v. exnberare. Col. 
 2, 16, rned. Dimin. (fig.), vindemiola 
 (<if innime), Cic. Att. i, 10, 4. 2. 
 viiieaticus fructus Col. 7, j, 11. 3. 
 vi.idemialis fructus. Macr. S. •7, 7, nici. 
 P h r t (if the 0., v.-, vinderaiatorius : «.- 
 vessels, viiidemiatoria vasa, Varr. R. R. 
 i, 2, 8 : to gather the v., vindemiare, 
 Plin. 18, ?i, 74, J>6: also, vindemiare 
 (uvas). I'lin. 14, 2, 4, 30 : v. vinum. Col. 
 12, JJ, I (cf- uvas demetere, Plin. 17, 26, 
 40, $ 249 ; [uvam] carpere, Virg. G. 2, 90). 
 
 vintager ; vindemiator (vindemitor. 
 Sen. Apocol. init.): Hor. S. i, 7, }o: 
 Varr. 
 
 vintner: vinarius: Suet. Claud. 40, 
 init. : PI. Asin. 2, 4, 30. 
 
 viol (Milton); fides, ium : now 
 ohicfiy used as a gen. term e. g. bas.t- 
 v., fides gravi(.ris soni (Kr.). 
 
 Violable : violabUis (poet.): Ov. : 
 Virg.: Stat, in prose expr. by verb 
 (V. TO violate). For w)t v., v. inviola- 
 ble. 
 
 violate; I. '''0 outrage, injure: 
 <!■ V. II. To profane: violo, etc.: v. 
 TO PROFANE. |||.' To break, infringe : 
 1. violo: to V. a truce, indutias v., 
 Caes. B. C. 2, 15 : to d. a treaty, foediis 
 v., Liv. 28, 44, a<l med. : to v. an oath, 
 ju^urandum violare, Cic. Off. J, 29, 104: 
 to V. friendship, amiclliam v., id. Phil. 
 
 2, I, i {y, also TO BREAK OFF, II.). 
 
 Join: to v. right.jufiv.et imminuere, 
 Cia Rose. Am. 38, 109. Cf. rumpo, 
 frango (v to bkf.ak, 111.). 2. migro 
 (opp. conserve) : to v. cioil law, jus civile 
 m., Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 67. Join; m. at 
 non servare, id. Off. i, 10, 31- Mis- 
 cell.: to V. every right (or obligation), 
 fas onine abrumpere, Virg. Aen. 3, 55 : 
 to 1). ones word giren to an enemy, Gdem 
 hosti datam fallere,Cic. Off. i, 13, 39: to 
 V. the right of emlxissy, jus legationis 
 Imminuere, id. Verr. I, 3 J, 84: without 
 v.ing one's word, salva fide, id. Rose. 
 Am. I, 4. 95 (cf. salvis legilms, id. Fam. 
 1, 2, 4) : to V. a law (lit. to offend against). 
 committer? (with in, or contra legem, or 
 abl.: Cic. V Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v., 
 IV., 2) to V. an oath, pejero s. peijuro 
 (v. TO perjure); cf. falsum juran-, Cic. 
 Off. i, 29, 108. IV. To debauch a 
 tmman- viSlo- to v. virginity, virgini- 
 tatem v., Qc. N. D. j, 2j, 59: v. also to 
 bavish. 
 
 violation: I. Breach (in fig. 
 sense) expr. by verb: v. breach (II.), 
 iNFRACTtON. P h r. : without v. of duly, 
 right, etc, salvo officio, jure, etc.: Cic. 
 pass. : V. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. salvus 
 (1., 2). [For to act in v. of, v. to de- 
 viate (11.) ] II. J'rofanatimi, q.v.: 
 Ti61atio, etc. [For a v. of decency, v. 
 OUTi:»OK.] III. ftape; V. RAPE (II.). 
 
 violator: I. ^ breaker (of a 
 
 treaty, ttc): 1. viSlator : o u. 0/ t/ie 
 tail' of nations, inr\ii gentium v., Liv. 4, 
 19, piat init. : a. v. of a treaty, foederis 
 v., I'ac. A. I, 58, post init. 2. ruptor .• 
 o «. q/' a tiealy, foederis r., Liv. 4, 19: 
 a V. of a truce, iuduiiarum r., id. 8, 39, 
 post med. 3. eversor o r. of the 
 rights <;/ wwin, juris bumani e., Plin. 28, 
 I, 2, } 6. Or expr. by verb: v. tovio- 
 latb(11I.). II. Aprofaner: vidlator; 
 V. tenipli, Ov. Pont. 2, 2, 27. Or expr. 
 by verb (v. to profane). |||. A 
 
 ravither, q. v. P h r. a v. of chastity, 
 pndicitiae ezpugiiatur Cic. Verr, i, 4, 9. 
 924 
 
 force {subs.). 3. gravitas, atis, /. 
 (rare in this sense) : the v. of the weather 
 and rains, g. coell aquarumque, Liv. 23, 
 34 post med. : the v. of disease, morbi 
 g., Cic. N. D. 3. 31. 7'>- 4. intem- 
 peries, ei, /. (inclemerwy) : v. of the 
 weather, i. coeli, Liv. 8, 18, init. F i g. : 
 the V. (or outrageous conduct) of a 
 friend, i. amici, (!ic. Att. 4, 6, 3: cf. s. 
 cohortium, Tac. H. 1,64: i. mulierum, 
 Gell. 1, 23,a'i./!n. 6. saevitia: v. of 
 the sea, s. maris. Veil. I, 2. extr. : cf. i. 
 (undae), Ov. H. 19, 23 : v. of the season, 
 s. lemporis, Sail. J. 37 : "• of storms, 
 s. tempestatum, PUn. 2,47, 47- i 125- 
 6. impetus, us, m.: to assuage 
 the V. of disease, morbi i. lenire, Petr. 
 S. 17, post med.: v. also impetuosity. 
 
 7. ardor, fervor: v. aruour (II.). 
 
 8, inipotentia (carit of moderation 
 or self-restraint) : no star's fiery v. 
 scorche.f the Jiock, nullius astri gregem 
 aestuosa torret i., Hor. Epod. 16, 57. 
 Fig.: a ■woman's v., mulicbris i., Tac. 
 A. 1, 4, fin.; the v. of the veterans, 
 veteranoi'uni i., ib. 14, ji.med.: the v. 
 of liisl, libidinis i., Plin. 34. J, 6, } 12. 
 
 9. iiacundia : v. iBASCiBiLirr. ||. 
 Hostile or unjust force (viewed objec- 
 tively) : 1. vis, vim, vi : plur. vires, 
 /. : V. inflicted is repelled by v., vi vis 
 illata defenditur, Cic. Mil. 4, 9 (cf. vim 
 vi repellere, id. Sest. 17, 39) : to offer v. 
 to life, v. afferre vitae, id. Caecin. 21,61: 
 cf. V. alicui adhibere, id. Off. j, 30, iio: 
 with v., vi s. per vim, id. pass. (v. also 
 violently)' to proceed with v., vi gras- 
 sari, Liv. 3, 44, post mM. (or grassari, 
 absol. : V. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v.) 
 Join; to inflict v. on one, vim et 
 manus inferre alicui, Cic. Cat. i, 8. 21: 
 to fight together with the greate.H v., 
 summa vi impetuque contendere, id. 
 Fin. 3, 20, 66. 2. manus, iis, /. • to 
 abstain from «., manibus abslinere, Tac 
 H. 2, 44, ad med. (cf. nianibus tein- 
 perare, Liv. 2, 23, ad med.) : v. al-o 
 force (subs. II.). 3. impetus, us. 
 m. ; in the great v. of the sea, in magno 
 i. maris, Caes. B. G. 3, 8, init. : to with- 
 stand so great v. of the winds, tantos i. 
 veiitorum suslinere, lb. 3, 13. 4. 
 
 vexatio, injuria, indignitas, facinus: v. 
 outrage. 5. raalgflcium : v. mis- 
 
 chief (11.). 6. saevitia; v. crdkltt. 
 Phr. : to take by v., rapere, etc. (v. to 
 snatch) : to do V. to (or treat u'ith v.), 
 violare: they think it uTong to do v. to 
 guests, hospites violare fas non putant, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 2}, fin. (v. also to in- 
 jure) : cf. vexare, mulcare, etc. (v. to 
 maltreat): when I did v. to my feel- 
 ings to bear those (thoughts) patiently, 
 quum frangerem ipse me cogeremque 
 ilia ferre tolt-ranter, Cic. ham. 4, 6, 2 : to 
 do V. to one's feelings so as not, etc., 
 tormentum sibl injungere, ne, etc., Plin. 
 Pan. 86, init. : the v. of animosities, 
 vivida "dia, Tac. A. 15, 49. |||. lio- 
 Tence olTered to chastity : vis : v. offered 
 to a sister, v. allata sorori, Ov. A. A. i, 
 6-19; cf. Cic. Mil. 4, 9: to suffer v., v. 
 pali, Ov. M. 4, 255: to offer v. to one, 
 V. afferre alicui, Liv. }8, 24, post init. 
 (v. also RAPE, II.: to ravish, II.). 
 
 violent : 1. vehemens, entls (opp. 
 lenis, placidus: of persons and things) : 
 a V. rain, v. iniber, Lucr. 6, 516 (v. also 
 heavy, VIU.)- a V. blow, v. ictus, ib. 
 310. Join: Fig.; v. acerque, Cic. 
 Caecin. 10, 28 : homo v. et violentus, id. 
 Phil. 5, 7, 19 (v. also FtERT, II.) • a v. 
 
 kind of speech, genus orationis v. atqne 
 atrox, id. de Or. 2, 49, 200 : a v. decree 
 of the senate, v. et grave senatus con- 
 s'ultum, id. (3at. i, I, j: v. also vehe- 
 mi;nt, 2. violentus (stronger than 
 
 preced.) ; most v. storms, violentissimae 
 tempestates, id. Clu. 49, 1 38 (cf. violentior 
 Eurus, Virg. G. 2, 107). Fig.: a v. 
 nature, v. ingenium, Liv. i, 46, vn,ed. : «. 
 rule, V. imperium, id. 45, \2,med. : v. re- 
 medies, V. medicamitia, Cic. Pis. 6, 13 (but 
 al. vinolenta, Nobbe) ■ [cf. iratae medl- 
 caniinayoriiapraebere, Ov. A. A. 2, 489]. 
 3. violens, entis (poet, for preced. ■ 
 but violentus much more usual) ; Hor. : 
 Pers. 4. furiosus, Itirlbuiidus, etc. ; 
 V. furious. 5. inipGtens, entis (i»!- 
 capable of self -control) : a most v. fellow, 
 homo iinpolentis.simus, Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 
 42. Join: vidoi y makes them more v„ 
 victoria eos ferocions iinpoteiitioresque 
 reddit, id. Fam. 4. 9, 3 (cf. ferox at<iue 
 i. mulier. Suet. Ner. 28): most v. rule, 
 impolenlissimus dominatus, Cic. Fam. 
 10, 27, I : fired to a much more v. 
 frenzy, in niulto impotentiorem labiem 
 accensi, Liv. 29, 9, med. Also with gen.: 
 V. in anger, i. irae, ib. post med. : cf. i. 
 amoris, Tac. H. 4, 44. Karely of 
 things: e. g., i. Aquilo, Hor. Od. 3, 50, }. 
 6, acer, oris, cie : a v. engagement, 
 a. proelium (v. smart, adj., II.) : v. yrief, 
 a. luctus, Lucr. (v also poignant) : cf. a. 
 dolor, Virg. Aen. 7, 291 : a very u. ttn/c, 
 uxor acerrima, PI. Mer. 4, 4, 56 : v. mas- 
 ters, domini a., Lucr. 6. 63 (61). 7. 
 effreiiatus: v. Smith's Lat. Diet. B. v., 
 and art. unbridled. 8. atrox, saevus, 
 etc. : V. fierce, cbcel, and Smith's Lat. 
 Diet. 8. vv. 9. gravis, v. formidable. 
 10, iracundus, etc. : v. passionatk 
 (II.), HASTY. 11. ripidiis, etc. : v. ra- 
 pid, swift. 12, praeceps. v. bushing 
 (adj.). M 1 s c e 1 1. : to become v. (= to 
 gain force), crebrescere, increbrescere, 
 gliscere (v. Smith's Lat. Diet. s. vv.); 
 to be V. (lit. and fig.), furere, saevire 
 (V. to RAGE, I., II.); to use V. means, 
 expr. by vis with verb (v. violence, 
 II.) ; v. passions, libidines importunis- 
 simae, Cic. Verr. 4, 50, iii ; v. animosi- 
 ties, vivida odia, Tac. A. 15, 49 (cf- 
 odium magnum s. acerbum, Cic. pass.) : 
 his most V. acts, quae impotentissime 
 fecit, Sen. Ben. 4, 17, med.: to have a v. 
 longing, flagrare cupiditate, Cic. pass. : 
 to have a v. hatred, odio flagrare, id. de 
 Or. 2, 45, 190: to jly into a v. jmssion. 
 exardescere iracundia et stomacho, id. 
 Verr. 2, 20, 48 (v. passion, IV.) : the 
 more v. storms are, the shorter tiiey last, 
 procellae quanto plus hahent virium, 
 tanto minus temporis. Sen. (Quich.) : 
 a V. death, nex (v. death, 3 : cf. fuiuis 
 [poet.], letum: v. Smith's Lat. Diet. 
 s. vv.): to die a v. death, ueci occuni- 
 bere, Ov. M. 15, 499: (also expr. by pass. 
 of verbs under to kill) ; to lay v. hands 
 on cmeself, vim suae vitae inferre. Veil. 
 2, 45, ad fin. (cf. sibi manus afferre, 
 Plane, in Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 4: v. also 
 suicide [to commi t] ) : av. attack, vis (v. 
 ASSAULT, subs. 1., II.), impetus (V, at- 
 tack, sm6s.) : a v. pain, niorsus dolorts, 
 Cic. lusc. 4, 7, i;: V. attacks of pain, 
 faces dolorum, id. Off. 2, lo, 37 : he suffers 
 from V. pains in the limbs, vehemtnter 
 ejus artus laborant, based on Cic. Tusc. 
 2, 25, 61 (cf. magnos articuloruni \jointt] 
 dolores habere, id. Att. i, 5. 9)- " "• 
 attack of gout, impetus podagrne, Plin. 
 28, 4, 9. 41 the pains become v., do- 
 lores accrescunt. cf. Nep. Att. 21, med. : 
 the disease becoming v.. ingravescen* 
 morbus, Cic. Div. 2, 6, 16 ■ to make a 
 cough v., exasperare lussim, Plin. 23, 4, 
 51, $97 (cf- exulceraie dolorem, Plin. 
 Kp. 1,12, init.) : to have a very v. fever, 
 febre ardentissima peniri, id. 7, I, med.: 
 a V. construction on vorils (or inter- 
 irretation). perh. "interpretatio dura: 
 s. contorta : to put a v. lonstruction on 
 uvrcb. * verba dure interpretari (Georg.Y, 
 violently : 1. violenter : with 
 
 waoes V. driven Ix'ck on tlie shore, 
 retortis liiore v. undis, Hor. Od. i, 2, 14: 
 dogs attack v. one who comes near, v, 
 invadunt approplnquantem (canes), CoL
 
 VI OLET 
 
 VIRGINITY 
 
 V I RTD E 
 
 7. 12, "J the trial coiiUucted roughly 
 and », quaestio exercita ampere v.que. 
 Sail. J. 40, ad Jin. 2. vcbgoienter 
 to behave v., v. se agere, Cic. I'hil. 8, 5, 
 16 V. angrij, v Irata. I'l.Truc. 2, 6, 64 
 to harass one very n., Irisectari all(|Ufiii 
 vehementiu8, Cic. Am. 16, 57 to Jiyhl 
 very v., vehemc-iitissinie conU'ndere, 
 Caes. B.C. {, iT.Jhi. : v. aUoFURiorsLv, 
 
 VP.HKMENTLY 3. ^'1 «• P^^ ^'1' '■ to 
 
 proceed v., vi Rrassarl, Liv. to ureU v., 
 per vim extori|u>re, id. Cf. impetu : to 
 rush v., i. fcrri, Plin. lo. 25, ?2, } 6j ■ 
 to strike one v., i. aliquem percc-llere. 
 Cic. Dom. 40, ic6. 4. acriter v 
 
 STRONGLY (11., 4). 5. gruviter v. 
 
 CBIBVODSLY, 8KRIOUSI.Y. 6. Contellte : 
 
 V. VEHEMENTLY. 7. fCiocitcT after 
 many v. expressed opinions, multis f. 
 dictis sententiis, Liv. 2, 5;. ./'"••' Y 
 »lso FIERCELY. g. anionter, avide, 
 
 ciipldu, etc.: v. ari>kntlv, EA(iERLY. 
 K'hr. . to pursue v. ( may SDiiietimes be 
 expr. by), camps, of sccior (v. to 1"UR- 
 SUE, 11., 2): V. to outrage a girl, Qmol- 
 lae) indigne per vim vitium offerie, cf. 
 Ter. Ad. j, 2, 10 . to be v. in love, v. TO 
 
 SMITE (11), I'.ASSIOJJATELT. 
 
 violet {subs.): I. The fiower : 
 
 1, viola (uiider which term the 
 Romans desli^ated other flowers : v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v.); *Viol,i odorata, 
 lann. : dark v.s, nigrae (i. e. purpureae) 
 v., Virg. B. 10, H) : palr-cohmed v.s, 
 pallentes v., ib. 2, 47 . cf. I'lin. 21, 6, 14, 
 j 27 : to smeU of the v., * violam olere 
 (Georg). 2. iun. ". "• (= '<>>•) cf. 
 Plin. ib. (solaeqiie fpurpureac violae] 
 (iraeco nomine a ct'tcrib discernuntur, 
 appellatae ia.) . P h r. : a bed (or bank) 
 of v.s. violarium, Varr K, K. 1, J5, 1 : 
 Virg. G. 4. J2 : Hor. ; Ov. (And even 
 viola, simply, in this sense : to make a 
 v.-bed, V facere. Col. Arb. jo.) ||, 
 The colour: vi61a: the paleness of lovers 
 tinged with v, tinctus viola pallor 
 amantium, Hor. Od. }, 10, 14 : cf. Ov 
 M. 10, 190 a dyer of v., violarius, PI. 
 Aul. J. 5, 56. 
 
 violet {.adj.) : 1, violaceus {violet- 
 coloured) : a v.-purple, v purpura. Nep. 
 in Plin. 9, 59, 6}, $ Ij6 a v.-gem, v. 
 (gemma), id. }7, 10, 61, $ 170 2. 
 ianthiuus (= idi'flti'os like preced.) 
 v.-coloar, i. color, id. 21, 8, 22, ^ 4; : a 
 v.-dress, L vestis, id. 21,6, 14, ^ 27. Also 
 as sitbs.: v.-garnwnts, ianihiiia, oruni. 
 Mart. 2, jg. 3, violaris, e(^c(u(/(insr 
 to violets) : v.-day, v. dies (the day on 
 which graves were garlanded with 
 violets, roses, etc.), Inscr. 
 
 violin: no exact equivalent: for the 
 sake of distinctness. *vi61ina (quae di- 
 citur), must be used (Georg.) : * giga, 
 M. L. . to play {tvell) on the v., * violiiia 
 (fcite) cancre (Georg.). 
 
 violinist : * viOllnista (on the ana- 
 logy of cltharlsta, KiSapicrT^?), Georg. 
 
 violoncello : * viollna ampla 
 (Georg.); V also bass-viol. 
 
 viper: 1. vjpera (*Coluber Benis, 
 and Coluber aspis, Linn.) a small v. 
 kills a huge bull irith its bite, parva 
 necat morsu spatiosum v taurum, Ov. K. 
 Am. 421 ■ v.'s young, (viperae) catuli, 
 Plin. 10, 62, 82, } 170. Prov (I.) to 
 nourish a v. in one's bosom, v. nuiricare 
 »ub ala, Petr. 77 ad init. (ii.) tUfre's a 
 V. in the bush (of a hidden danger), v. 
 est in veprecula. Pompon, in Non. 251 
 IJ (cf. ■• latet angnis in lierba," Virg. K. 
 
 I, 9J). F 1 g. as a term of reproach for 
 a dangerous person v., vipera ! .Juv. 6, 
 641 (cf. Flor 4, 12, ii) those poisonous 
 and deadly vs, v. illae venenatae ac 
 pestiferae, Cic. Harusp. Kesp. 24. ;o (cf. 
 homines qui onine serpentum genus dolo 
 supenmt. based on Val. Max. 7, 6, extr), 
 or may be expr, by, scelesti homines. 
 
 2. aspis, idis, f {- aoTrn, the asp), 
 Cia Plin.: •Coluber, Linn. 3. e.x- 
 cfitra ((perh. corrupted from exiSva 
 only used fig. as a reproach) ■ Liv. ^9, 
 
 I I , init. : PI. Cas. }, 5, 22 id. Ps. i, 2, 
 82. Phr. v.'s flesh, vipereae cames, 
 Ov. M. 2, 769 (cf. viperinae carms. Plin. 
 1,2, 2, 5 27) v.'s bite, viperinus niorsus, 
 poet, ap, Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94 : o herb good 
 
 against a v.'s bile, herba viperalis, A pp. 
 Herb. 89 v.'s fangs, viperei dentes, cf. 
 Ov. M. 4, 57}: v.'s poison (or ven<nn), 
 vi()ereum veneimm, Lucan 9, 615 (cf. fel 
 vipereum, Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 16) v.s (i.e. 
 l>o:so)ious) breath, viperea anima, Vir»:. 
 Aen. 7, ?5I : v.'s blood, viperinus sanguis, 
 Hor. Od. I. 8, 9. 
 
 VilJerOUS (only used tig. venomous, 
 malignant . cf. " This viperous slander," 
 .Shakesp.). I'hr. o v. ti/nyue, virus 
 linguae, .Sil. 11, 560 (557) cf. lingua 
 suffusa veneuo, Ov. M 2, 777. 
 
 virago ; |. ^ female warrior (cf. 
 I'ope . " To arms ! to arms ! the fierce 
 virago cries."), virago, inis, /. : v. 
 Smith's Lat. Diet. s. v. ||, A vixen : 
 q. v 
 
 Vil'gilian : Vlrgillanus- Plin.: Quint. 
 
 virgin (subs.) .- l. virgo, fnis,/. : 
 he ordered .^abine v.s to be carried off, 
 Sabinas v. rapi jussit, Cic. Kep. 2, 7, 12 
 a Vestul v., Veslalis v., ib. 2, 14, 26: 
 groim up v.s, grandes v., Mart. 5, 58, 40 
 (cf. adulta v., Hor. Od. }, 2, 8). The 
 Virgin .Vary, * Virgo, Hier. Also (of the 
 constellation), Virgo, Arat. In Cic. X. D. 
 2, 42, no. 2, Innupta puella: cf. 
 Virg. G. 4, 476. Also innupta ab.vo'.. Git. 
 62 (64), 78. Ph r. to be a v., virum noi- 
 habere, cf. Cic. Verr. I, 2;, 64: as Jar as 
 1 am concerned, she is a v., a me pudica 
 est, PI. Cure, i, I, 51 . to remain a v., 
 tlialami expertem viiam degere, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 550 : / remain a v., innuba per- 
 nianeo, Ov. M. 14, 141 : to act {or play) 
 the v., virginari. Pert. : a v's funeral 
 pile, virginea favilla, Ov, M. i}, 697; 
 cf. virgiiieum gymna-Niiim ^i. c of the 
 .sjxirtan virgins]. Prop, j, 14 (4, 1?), 2. 
 The foil, epithets occur: intacta, Virg. . 
 intemerata, id. : Integra, Cic. ; innupta, 
 Virg. : innuba, Ov, ; nuptiarum expers, 
 Hor. 
 
 virgin (afij ) . 1. virgo (used in 
 appo.-.ition): a v.-dauyhter, v. tiha, Cic. 
 Kep. 2, J7, 6; . the c.-goddess (i. e. 
 Diana), v. dea, Ov. M. 12, 28. v.-soil, 
 terra v., Plin. j!, ?, 15, i 52- 2, ''ir- 
 niiialis, e . v.-nuxiesty, v. verecundia, Cic. : 
 v. MAIDENLY (I.): av.-cot {i.e.,v.-stealer), 
 v. feles, PI. Rud. j, 4, 4?. 3. virgineus 
 (poet.): Ov, Hor. : v. Smith's LaL. Dirt. 
 s. V. 4. virginiirius (only in Plant.) . 
 a v.-cat{\. e., v.-stealer), v. feles, PI. Pers. 
 4, 9, 14. Cf. virginisvendonides (a v.-sel- 
 U:i), id. 4, 6, 20. See also foil. artt. 
 
 -copper: aes rude, cf. Plin. jj, 
 
 }, I?, 4J- Simly., rudis may be used 
 with other metals. I 
 
 -earth or soil : terra Virgo, I 
 
 Plin. 5}, J, 15. } 52 (cf. rudis campus. 
 Virg. G. 2, 211 : rudis terra, Varr. it. K. 
 44, ad med. : rastro intacta tellus, Ov. 
 M. 1, 101). 
 
 -forest : Phr.: v.s, silvae sal- 
 
 tusque intacti, Virg. G. }, 40 : cf Her- 
 cyiiiae silvae roborum vastitas intacta 
 aevis, I'liii. 16, 2, 2, $ 6. 
 
 -gold: aiirum apyron (= aTrv- 
 
 poi',tr>lliiiiitjiri').c{. Plin. 21, II, J8, 5 
 66(tthoal.so uses aurum absol., in this 
 sense, cf. id. u, i, 19, ^ 58). 
 
 -honey : pcrh. *flo8 mellls (on 
 
 the analogy of flos olei: v. virgin-oil): 
 mel optimi saporis. Col. 9, 14. 
 
 oil i^the first oU expressed from 
 
 the olives): flos 61ei : cf. quod post 
 molam primura est, flos (olei), Plin. 15, 
 6, 6, i 2i. 
 
 soil : ^- VIRGIN-EARTH. 
 
 sulphur: 1. vivum sul- 
 phur (suit-): I'lin. 19, 1,4, J 19. 2. 
 apyron {=aTrvpoi') sulphur {prepared 
 uithout Jire) : vivum, quod Graeci 
 apyru)! vocant, id. J5, '5. 5°-i '75. 
 
 virginity : 1. viiglnitas to vio- 
 late one's v., v. violare. Cic. N. D. j, 2}, 
 59 (v. also TO RAVISH): in return for 
 ravishing her v., ercptji pro v., Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 140: chaste v., impoUiita v., 
 Tac. A. 14, j; (cf illibata v.. Val. Max. 
 6, I, 4): pi]»tuai v., perpetua v., Liv. 
 I, J, extr. : I 'umUla duislely preseri'es a 
 love of v., C. virgiiiitaBis amorem inte- 
 merata colit, Virg. .■\eii. II, 58j. 2, 
 flos castus irheii a virgin has lost her 
 V. by defiUment of body, (virgo) quum 
 
 castum amisit poUuto corpore flomn. 
 Cat. to (62), 46. 
 
 virile : v. mascdlinf. 
 virility' v mami<j<<u(M.). 
 
 virtual" no exact equivalent expr. 
 by piriphr. : e. g., quod le vera s. retpa* 
 est, etc. (V REAUTV)- quod Ideui valet 
 (R. and A.). 
 
 virtually : re vera, relpsa fv. reau- 
 TY) this is V. the same castas the other, 
 hoc re vera nihil omniiio dilT«rt ab illo. 
 Phr.- he noiiliere actuall;/ says this, it 
 is true, but V. so. non u.sqiLini id quidem 
 dicit omnino, sed quae dicit idem valent 
 (K. and A.). 
 
 virtue : |. As a gi-n. term, moral 
 perfection (as a disjxisition, principU, 
 OT practice): \_ virtus, Qtis,/.: v. is 
 a consistent and hamvmious Jrame of 
 mind, making those praismorUiy in 
 ichom it rxiils, v. est affeiiK, animi 
 constans eonveiiitns<iue laudahlles efB- 
 ciens eos in qiiibus est, Cic. fuse. 4, 15, 
 J4: V. itself may be dejinrd most con- 
 cisely as right reason, ip>a v. brevissime 
 recta ratio did ixjtfst, ib. . cf. id. I>?g. i, 
 16. 45 ; good men hate to sin,fr</m love 
 if v., boni oderunt jiercare virtutis 
 amore, Hor, lip. i, 16, 52 a religious 
 regard fur v., superstjiio (virtutis). Sen. 
 Kp. 9;, j; : all who possess v. are happy, 
 omnes virtutis compotes beati sunt, Cic 
 Tusc. 5, I}, J9 . V. is very active, v. 
 actuosa est, id. N. I), i, 40, no: the 
 special quality (or force) of v., vis vir- 
 tutis, id. Fam. q, 16, 5 : the perfection of 
 v., (Join), [wrfecia cumulalaque v., id. 
 Sest. 40, 86 : (endiAved) n-iOi these quali- 
 ties oj v. and vice, c\im hac indole vlr- 
 tutum atque vitionim, Liv. 21. 4. <^c/r. 
 (cf Ixjnae animi indoles, Gell. 19. 12, ad 
 med.) : a pattern of v., documenium vir- 
 tutis, Cic. Kab. Post. 10, 27 : v. over- 
 throun (.J o i n), afflicta et prostrata v., 
 id. de Or. 2, 52, 211 : a man of extras 
 ordinary v., vir singulari v. prae<litus, 
 id. Dom. J9, 15 (cf. v. eximia, cgregia, 
 exoellens, etc.: v. Nizol. I>ex in Cic. 
 s. V. virtus): to have v., virtut«-m 
 habere, Cic. /iixss. (cf virtule praeditum 
 esse, based on id., v. supr.) : to practise 
 v., V. colere, id. Arch. 7, 16 : to strive 
 after v., virtuti studere, id. Fm. 4, 24, 
 65; teachers of v., virtutis maKi>tri, id. 
 .\Iur. J I, 65 (but aretalogos, = opera- 
 Adyos, is a babbler about v., a blaster, 
 gen. of a Cynic or Siolc: Suet. : Juv.): 
 to abandon the path of v., viara virtuUs 
 deserere, Hor. Od. j, 24, 44: perh. too, 
 for prose, via viriutis may serve, based 
 on Cic. Leg. i, 6, 18 (Justitiaevias). 2. 
 hunestas, atis, /., {honourableness qf 
 character) : one pair is left to fight it 
 out, pleasure and v. (metaph. from 
 gladiators), uniim par quod depugnet 
 reliquum est, voluplas cum h., Cic. 
 Acad. 2, 46, 140 : to covr.t v. for its own 
 sake, h. propter se expetere, id. Off. i , 2, 
 6: v. also Honour {subs., V.). 3. 
 honestuni, rectum (neut. adjj. used as 
 subss. : in sense like preced.) : r., that 
 which is cultivated by thost nho nould 
 be esteemed good men, h., quod colllur 
 ab lis, qui bonos se vlros haberl volunt, 
 Cic. Off. }, 4, 17 : cf boncstiim aut Ipsa 
 virtus est aut res gesta virtut<?, id. 1- in. 
 5, 2 J, 66 (cf rectum est quod cum virtule 
 et officio tit, Auct. Her. j, 2, I)- Join; 
 r. honcslumque, Cic. Acad. I, 6, 2J. 4. 
 prOWtas, atis, /. : tried v., p. s|>ectata, 
 Tac. A. IJ, 12. Join a light of v. 
 (of a man), lumen p. et viriutis. Cic 
 Am. 8, 27 ; v. integrity. 5. inn6- 
 centia, integritas • v. intei.rity, lp- 
 rightness. 6. sancllmotiia. ^allclila8 : 
 V. PLKITY (5). Phr. to allure one to 
 v., aliquem ad recte faciendum allicere, 
 Cic. Phil. 2, 45, in •" the uhoU-oi life 
 ■not to swerve from v., (lit. an upright 
 conscience) a hair's breadth (\it finger's 
 breadth). In omni vita a recta coiisrlentia 
 transversum unguem non dscedere. id. 
 Att. I?, 20, 4 to <i<ni oneself tn r. (i. e. 
 to reform oneself), ad Ixmam Irugem se 
 recipere, id. Coel. 12. 28 (v. .-^niiths Lat. 
 Diet s. v. frux, 11., 3) the langungeqf 
 v., proba oralio (i. e. semio probitatis et 
 honestatis plenus, Forcell.), but al. proW 
 9»5
 
 VIRTUOSO 
 
 VISIBLE 
 
 VISIT 
 
 ©ratio (Nobbe), Cic. Or. 22, 74. ||. 
 
 A particular moral excUence : virtus, 
 aUs, /. : all V.S are eqiuil, omnes v. 
 sunt inter se aequales tt pares, Cic. de 
 Or. J, 14, 55 to have all the v.s, omnes 
 habere v., id. Off. 2, 10, 35 tlie cardinal 
 v.s, virtutes eae quae quasi funtes uni- 
 versae honestatis sunt (v. cakdinal, 
 adj.): adwned ivitk these v.s, self-con- 
 trol, temperance, justice, viriutibus his 
 omatus, modestia, temperantia, justitia, 
 Cic. Off. I, 1 5, 46: cf. virtutes conti- 
 nentiae, justitiae, fidei, id. Mur. 10, 2j 
 a portrait 0/ the v.s, virtutum efiSgies, 
 id. Arch. 12, Jo . he sh'me out in v.s, vir- 
 tutibus elu.xit Nep. Pausan. i, mit. 
 P r o V. ; to make a v. of necessity, facere 
 de necessitate virtutem, Hier. in Ruf. i, 
 n. 2 : cf. quae casus obtulerat in sapieii- 
 tiam vertere, I'ac. A. 1, 28, med. : 
 *laudem virtutis nt-cessitati dare(R. and 
 A.). III. Chastity, q. v. : pudicitia. 
 [^For to rob a woman of her v., v. to 
 DISHONOUR, EAvisH.] |V, Of auimals 
 and things, excellence, north : 1. 
 
 virius, litis,/. ; the v. {or excellence of a 
 tree, a horse, v. arburis, equi, Cic. Leg. i, 
 id, 45 the V. (or strength) oj wine, v. 
 Bacthi, Prop, j, 17 (4, 16), "20. 2. 
 
 bonitas: v. GOODNESS. 3. laus, laudis, 
 /. : Jidelity is the v. of a dog, *summa 
 laus cauis in fide cernitur (K. and A.). 
 V. fower, efficacy, esp. in medicine : 
 1, vis, virtus: v. efficacy. Join: 
 (herbarum) vis et effectus, Cic. Div. 2, 
 
 20, 47. 2. potestas (in plur.) : 
 Join: (herbarum) potestates visque, 
 Plin. 25, 2, 5, { 9 ; cf. p. herbarum, 
 Virg. Aen. 12, 596. 3. facultas (in 
 plur, : rare in iliis sense) : since all 
 tne.dicines have their special v.s, cum 
 omni.i medicamenta proprias lacultates 
 liabcant, Cels. 5, praef., ad fin. 4, 
 poteiiiia : p. herljarum, Ov. M. i, 522: 
 PUn.: v. Smilh's Lat. Diet. s. v. 5. 
 ixpr. hy adjj.: saliitiiris, efticax: e.g., 
 the decoction ha.s v. Jor tooth-ache, ad 
 dentium dolorem decoctum eorum salu- 
 tare est, Plin. 24, 9, 42, ^ 71: v. good 
 (ad;., II.). 6. expr. by verbb. : facere, 
 prodesse : e. g., to have v. for dysury, 
 facere ad difficultatem urinae, id. 22, 18, 
 
 21, 5 46. Cf. also posse, Cic. Dlv. 1,10, 
 16; poilere, Piin. 24, 19, 110, $ 171 (v. 
 also Forcell. s. v.) : valere, Piin. : Cels. 
 (v. Forcell. s. v.). Fig.: e.xpr. by 
 posse, valere: e. g., philosophy has nut 
 tlie same v. with all mitids, (pliilosophia) 
 nou idem potest apud omnes, Gic. (v. 
 also iNFLnuNCE, subs., I.). Special 
 P h r. ; by (or in) v. of : expr. by (1.) an 
 abl. simply: to prevail by v. of au- 
 thority, auctoritaie praevalere. Suet. 
 Galb. 19 • by V. of which command, quo 
 imperio, Nep. Milt. 7, init.: cf. foede- 
 ribus veiustis juncUi Punica res Romanae, 
 lav. 9, II), post med. (2.) ex or e (with 
 abl. : in accordance with) : by v. of the 
 law, ex lege, Cic. . cf. ex foedere, Liv. 
 (3.) per: by v. of the stijiulations, per 
 condilioiies. Sail. J. 61, exir. (4.) pro: 
 by V. of your practical wisdom, pro tua 
 prudentia, Cic. Kam. 4, 10, 2: cf. pro 
 Jure amicitiae nostiae a te peto, id. Att. 
 10, 8 (b.): V. also accolkt (subs., III). 
 
 virtuoso: rerum antiquarum studi- 
 osus, based on Cic. Verr. 4, 7, i j : cf 
 * rerum artificiosaruni {itorlcs of art) 
 Studiosus ((ieorg.) * urtium amator 
 (id.): *artium elegantiurum studiosus: 
 
 V. also ANTIQUARIAN, CONNOISSKUR. 
 
 virtuous : I. ■'^howmg mural ex- 
 cellence : 1, vin Cue piaeditus . Cic. 
 Doni. 15, J9 (cf. niudestia praiditus, ib. 
 42, no). Also, virtuiiiius oniatus, id. 
 Off. I, 15, 46 (cf. id. ViiT. I, 48, 127). 
 Also, virtuNs computes, id. Tusc. 5, 1 j, 
 }9. Phr. ; to be v., virtutem habere, 
 Cic. pass. : virtute praeditum esse, cf. 
 supr.: to be very d., virtute plurimum 
 praestare, Cic. Plane. 25, 60: to be so v. 
 that, etc., tanta virtute esse ut, etc., id. 
 Font. I J, J9. 2. honestus: a most 
 
 v. life, vita honestissima, id. Rose. Am. 
 
 17, 48: v. HONOURAIiLK (ill.). 3. 
 
 rectus: v. duposition^, r. ingeuia, Plin. 
 
 Ep. 4, 7, med. (c(. r. consilia, Liv. i, 27, 
 
 init.: r. conscieutia, Cic. Att. ij, 20. 4). 
 
 926 ^^ 
 
 Join" that which is v., quod r., honest- 
 um, et cum virtute est, id. Parad. 1, i, 9. 
 
 4. b6nus ■ tlie mark of the v. man 
 is to act virtuously, boni est honeste 
 facere, yuint. 5, 10, 64 : v. good {adj., 
 1., 1, f.). 5. probus ■ a v. son, p. 
 
 filius, Cic. Verr. j, 69, 161 : v. upright. 
 
 6. friigi (strictly dat. of frux, but 
 used as adj.) : a i). life, frugi severaque 
 vita, Cic. fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 4: v. 
 also honest. 7. sanctus, pius: v. 
 MORAL {adj., II.), PIOUS. 8. integer . 
 V. BLAMELESS. Join of a v. life, in- 
 teger vitae scelerisque purus, Hor. Od. i, 
 22, I. Phr.. V. actions, actiones virtu- 
 tibus congruentes, Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58 : 
 any v. action, siquid recte fit, id. Parad. 
 I, 9 to have led a thm-oughly v. lije, 
 virtutis perfectae perfecto functum esse 
 munere, id. Tusc. i, 45, 109. ||. 
 Chaste : 1. castus, piidicus : v. 
 
 CHASTE. 2. probus : who is reported 
 by the citizens to be v., quam cives rumi- 
 ficant pi liain, PI. Amph. 2, 2, 46. 
 Join: a v. woman, p. et modesta 
 mulier, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 7 : cf. p. et vener- 
 andus, Plin. 57, 2, 6, ^ 14. 3. honest- 
 us: a V. sister, h. soror, Hor. S. 2, J, 58. 
 
 4. integer : to preserve childi'en 
 and wives v. from one's uantonness, 
 liberos conjugesque integras ab alicujus 
 petulantia conservare, Cic. Verr. Act. 
 I, ;, 14. Cf. bona mulier, PI. Merc, i, 
 I, 16. 
 
 virtuously : 1. cum virtute : to 
 live v., cum v. vivere, Cic. Fin. j, 8, 29. 
 
 2. honeste : to live happily and v., 
 beate et h. vivere, id. Rep. 4. ?, j : v. also 
 VIRTUOUS (I., 4). 3. sancle: lobehave 
 most v., se sanctissime gerere, id. Q. Fr. 
 I, 2, 4, ij : V. PIOUSLY: V. also con- 
 scientiously, CHASTELY. Or expr. by 
 adj. : e. g., to have lived v., vixisse 
 probos, Hor. (t^uich.). 
 
 virulence: |. Lit. : 1. vis 
 {strength), with some qualifying word : 
 the V. of poison, v. veneni, Cic. Coel. 24, 
 53 : they are compelled by the v. of dis- 
 ease, V. morbi coguntur, Plin. Ep. 7, 19, 
 2 ; V. VIOLENCE. 2. virus, n. : v. 
 
 VENOM. II. Fig. : 1. virus, n. : 
 
 Cic. Am. 2?, 87. 2. venenum: pus 
 at(iue v., Hor. S. i, 7, i: v. venom. 
 
 3. iicerbitas : v. bitterness. 
 vil'Ulent : |. L i t. : l. vlru- 
 
 lentus : Geil. ; v. venomous. 2. gra- 
 vis, e (of disease, severe) ; suffering fi-om 
 V. disease, mortx) gravi aeger, Cic. Cat. 
 
 I, IJ. JI: V. SEVERE, DANGEROUS. ||, 
 
 Fig.: acerbus : v. venomous, bitter. 
 virulently : l"^ i g- : acerbe, aspere 
 
 V. bitterly, MALIGNANTLY. 
 
 virus : virus, n. : v, poison, vekom. 
 
 visage ; os, oris, n. : V. FACE, couN- 
 tenaN(;e. 
 
 viscera: 1. viscus, 6ris, n. (usu. 
 in plur. : prop, the upper internal 
 organs, heart, liver, etc., but often used 
 gen.) . Cels. praef med. : id. 4, 11 : Lucr. ■ 
 yuint. 2. exta, n. plur. {the upper 
 
 organs) ; the upper v. are dieidedjrom 
 the loirer, e. ab inferiore visceruin parte 
 separantur, Plin. 11,57,77. v. entrails. 
 3. intestinuin (iisu. in plur. : the 
 loiver itilestines, boa-els): Cic. N D. 2, 
 55. lil- 4. interiineum (a kiwer in- 
 testine) : Plin. J2, 9, J3 : in plur., id. 
 }o, 7, 20 : V. bowels. 5, ilia (n. 
 plur.) : Hor. r Juv. 
 
 viscid : 1. viscidus : Theod. 
 
 Prise. 2. viscosus: Pall.: Prud. 
 
 3. lentus ; more v. than birdlime or 
 pitch, visco et pice lentius, Virg. G. 4, 
 41. 4. tgnax, aeis: they hang their 
 
 V. combs, t. suspendunt ceras, Virg. O. 4, 
 
 161 . v. STICKY, tenacious. 
 
 viscidity : lentor, oris ■ the v. of 
 pilch, 1. picis, Plin. 6, 11, 22. 
 
 viscose : viscosus : v. visc:lD. 
 
 viscosity ; lentor, oris : v. \iscidity. 
 
 visibility: visibiUtas (late) : Tert.: 
 Fulg. Better expr. by o'i;. . v. foil. art. 
 
 visible : I- Perceivable hy the eye : 
 
 1. vislbilis, e (laie); App. : Prud. 
 
 2. asppctubilis. e coipureal and 
 v., corporeuni et a., 1 ic. Tim. 4. 3. 
 conspicuus {strikingly v.) : the v. line 
 of the barbarian army, c. barbarorum 
 
 acies, Tac. H. 4, 29 Ov. Hor. Phr. 
 
 this v. world, haec omnia quae \ idemus, 
 Cic. Cat. i, 9, 21; hie quern ceiiniiius 
 mundus, id. I'im. 2 ; omnia qu .e cer 
 nuntur, id. Fin. 1, 6, 17 ; thejint begin 
 nings of things are not it., nequeunt 
 oculis rerum primordia cernl, Lucr. 1, 
 269 : the heaven is v., coelum ita aptum 
 est ut sub aspectum cadat, Cic. Tim. 
 5 : to become v., cadere in cunspectura, 
 id. Tusc. i, 22, 50. nhen only the rear 
 was v., quum jam extremi esseiit in 
 prospectu, Caes. B. G. 5, 10 ■ v. sight : 
 the star becomes v. in the morning, 
 Stella matutinis temporibus se aperit, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52 . cf. Virg. Aen. j, 
 206 : Metellus is v. with his army, Me- 
 tellus cum exercitu conspicitur. Sail. 7, 
 49 : V. to appear, see, co.sspicuuds. 
 To render v., subjicere oculis, Cic. Or. 
 
 40, IJ9; V. to show, DIStOVKR. ||, 
 
 Noticeable, striking : manifestus ; v. 
 
 CLEAR, EVIDENT, etc. 
 
 visibly. I. Perceivably by the 
 
 eye: Phr.: with adj., oculi, etc.: v. 
 preced. art. ||. .\oticeably : manl- 
 
 feste, evidenter v. clearly, evidently, 
 etc. 
 
 vision : j. The faculty or act of 
 seeing: 1, visus, us: Cic. ap. Plin. 
 7, 2, 2: Ov. ; Quint.: v. sight. 2. 
 visio: App. 3. aspecius, iis {looking, 
 also tlie sense of sight) .- they lose cUl 
 power of v., a. omnino amittunt, Cic. 
 Tusc. I, JO, 7J : V. SIGHT. 4. con- 
 spectus, us {luoking, view) : as far as v. 
 extended, quo longissime c. oculi fere- 
 bant, Liv. I, 18: V. SIGHT, VIEW. 5, 
 
 prospectus, us (poet.): m,y v. scans the 
 sea, aequora prospectu metior, Ov. H. 
 
 10, 28. 6. obllitUS, fls • V. SIGHT. 
 
 Phr.: with oculi : v. gaze, eye. ||, 
 A thing seen, apparition : 1. visus, 
 lis: nightly v.s, nocturni v., Liv. 8, 6: 
 terrified by the unexpected v., iiiopiiio ter- 
 ritavisu,Ov. M.4, 2;2. 2. visum: v.g 
 in dreams, v. somnioruni, Cic. Tusc. 7 
 41,97 : tell me what the v. portends, di- 
 age, visa quid isia ferant, Ov. Am. j, 5, 
 J 2. 3. visio: an external v., ext/ema, 
 et adventicia v., Cic. Div. 2, 58, 120. 
 4. spgcies {appearance): the same 
 v. of a man is said to have appeared to 
 both consuls, utrique consul! eadem di- 
 cilur visa s. viri, Liv, 8, 6 ; uocturnae s., 
 id. 26, 19. 5. iniago, Iiiis (a shade, 
 phantom) ; why dost thou delude thy son 
 with empty v.s ? quid natum falsis ludis 
 i. ? Virg. Aen. 1, 408: Tib. i, 4, 56. 
 6. simulacrum (a shade, phantom) : 
 empty v.s of sleep, s. inania sonini, Ov. H. 
 9, J9 ; V. shade. 7. somnium . v. 
 dream. Ill, Fig.: A creation of the 
 imagination : 1. somnium : «.s of 
 madmen, delirantium s , Cic. N. D. 1 , 16, 
 42 : V. DREAJi. 2. imago {semblance, 
 as opp. to substance) : a mere outline 
 and V. of glory, adumbrata i. gloriae, 
 Cic. Tusc. i, z, i . V. shadow, sem- 
 blance. 
 
 visionary {subs.) : perh. somnians ; 
 extravagances of v.s., porteiita somnian- 
 tium, Cic. N. D. i, 8, 18 v. enthusiast, 
 
 visionary (a<y) : |. Act. : 1. 
 
 perh. somnians . v. prec. art 2. fa- 
 naticus: v. enthusiastic, mad. ||, 
 Pass.: existing mily in the imagina- 
 tion: 1, vanus ; v. vain, empty. 
 2. fictus V. imaginary. 
 
 visit {subs.): 1. perh. salutatio 
 {piaying a ceremonial call) : uhen their 
 v. is over, ubi s. defluxit, Cic. Fam. 9, 
 20, ; : V. call. 2. a longer visit may 
 be expr. by mansio, comiiidriitio {stay, 
 staying) : that lovely scenery deserves a 
 Umg v., amoenitas ilia commorationia 
 est, Cic. Fam. 6, 19, i v stay. Phr. ■ 
 those to whom, he pays the longest v., 
 apud quos ille diutissime commoratur, 
 Cic Man. 5, ij, Jin. to beg him to put 
 off his v., orare ut visendi curam dif- 
 feiTet, Tao. A. 14, 6- f paid a pleasant 
 v. to your suburban villa, fui libenter in 
 tua suburbana villa. Cat. 44, 6 . we all 
 lookfornard to your v. with pleasure, 
 earns omnibus exspectatusque venies, 
 Cic. Fam. 16, 7 v. foil. art. 
 
 visit («•)•• \. To go to tee' 1
 
 VISITANT 
 
 VIVACIOUS 
 
 V O C A B U I. \ U Y 
 
 viso, si, sum, j • / sMied to come and v. I 
 you, constitui ad te venire lit te viserem, 
 t'lc. Fam. i), 2 1. 2. 'isito. i (rare) : ] 
 ■when Carnead>'S had v.'d him, qiium 
 visitasset eum Cariieades, id. Fin. 5, Ji, 
 94. 3. inviso, si, sum, } : that you. 
 may v. us. ut nus 1., id. Alt, i, 20, 7, fm. 
 4, interviso, si, sum, 5 (<o v. from 
 time id time): you seUiom v. me. nos 
 minus i., id. Fam. ■], I. J. 5. saluto, I 
 (JLopaii a cerenumial call) : Curtius came 
 to V. m-'. Curlius vt-nit salutaiidi causa, 
 id. Att. I}, 9, I : V. TO CALL. 6. co"- 
 
 veuio. 4 : Halbus suH'ers such pain in 
 his feet that he dors not with to be v.'d, 
 Balbus Untis peduui doloril)us aflicitur 
 ut se convenirl nolit, id. Fam. 6, 19, 2. 
 7. adco, 4 {to apjiruach, of persons 
 «nd things) : many have v.'d me, aliquot 
 me a., I'er. Andr. j, J, 2 to v. the touiis, 
 a. municipia, Tac. A. 2, i9 : Caes. : v. 
 TO AiTHoAiii, ADDKicss. 8. &beo, 4 
 (to go ocer, of places) : that you may v. 
 my villas, ut nostras villas o. possis, 
 Cic. Fam. 7, l, 5,./in. 9. circumeo, 4 : 
 when Caecina v.'d his estates, qunm 
 Caecina c. praedia, id. Caecin. J2, 94. 
 10. frCqucnto, I (to resort to fre- 
 quently): the talk of tlwse uho v. my 
 house, sermonos eorum qui f. domuni 
 meam, id. Fam. 5, 21, i,fin.: less v.'d 
 districts, loca minus f., Sail. J. 17. U. 
 cglebro, i (to n-owd, frequent) : if they 
 V. our house, a quibus si domus nostra 
 celebratur, Cic. Alur. 54, 70. 12. ven- 
 tito, I (to keep coiiii7ig): m^itiy mer- 
 chants V. them, multi ad eos niercatores 
 v., Caes. B. G. 4, J : she v.'d his house 
 u-ith a largerelinue, illamuliocomitatu 
 V. domuni, Tac. A. 11, 12. 13. pi^r- 
 ambulo, I (to walk through): Hor. : 
 esp. of a physician v.ing his paiicnts. 
 Sen. Ben. 6, 16. 14. colo, ui, ultum, j 
 (poet.) : V. TO HAUNT. Muck v.'d (of 
 places) : fri5quens, celeber: v. ckowdkd, 
 FREQUENTED. ||. Esp.: to visit for 
 inspection, etc. : 1. liivlso, si.sum, j 
 (of divine supervision =1 tTron-Tevui) : to 
 V. cities, urbes i., Virg. G. i, 25. 2. cir- 
 cumeo, 4 (more gen. to visit for pur- 
 poses of canvassing.etc.) : v.ing all their 
 winter quarters, circumitis omnibus hi- 
 bernis, Caes. B.C. 5, 2. 3. scrutor, I, 
 recenseo, 2 : v. to inspect, examine. 
 Ill, Ksp. : to visit judicially: 
 1, auimadverto, ti, sum, j ; Cic. 2. 
 vindlco, I: v. to ruxisH. I'hr: he 
 besought Caesar not to v. his brother's 
 fault with fieavy punishment, Caesarcm 
 obsecrare coepit ne quid gravius in Ir.i- 
 trem statueret, Caes. B. G. i, 20, in it. : 
 my rashness is v.'d on my head, maxinias 
 poenas pendo temeritatis meae, Cic. Att. 
 II, 8, I. 
 
 visitant : perli. hospes, Itis V 
 visiToi;. 
 
 visitation : I. ^'■'^''< ./""'" '«■'/«<:- 
 
 tion, etc. : 1, perh. .s':rutatio (i xami- 
 nation): Sen. 2. I"'''' lec-iisio (/«- 
 viewing, registering); Cic. Mil. 27, 7 J. 
 3. may be expr. by census, us (i'le 
 registering and rating of Roman citi- 
 zens : v. Smith's Ant.): in holding a v., 
 in c. habendo, Cic. Verr. 2, Si, m . a v. 
 was held, c. actus, Liv. j, 22 : v. exami- 
 nation, INSPECTION. II, Judicial visi- 
 tation, punishment : animadversio : v. 
 
 PUNISHMENT. 
 
 visitor : I. -A caller, guest : 1. 
 Balutiitor m., atrix,./'. : {one a ho pays a 
 ceremonial call) : y Cic. I'et. Cons. 9, J4 : 
 the ow'do/' i'.s, tuiba .saluliitri.\, Juv. 5, 
 21. 2, siiliiLans: they rival one an- 
 other in their crowils of v.s, immeiisis 
 salutantium agminibus contendunt, lac. 
 H. 2, 92 : a title of morning v.s, mane 
 salutantum unda, Virg. G. 2, 461. 3. 
 
 hospes, ills (a v. staying in the house, 
 ifuest): V. GUi'.ST. 4. advena: v 
 
 IBANGEB. 'J'o receive v.s, siili'iio, i 
 ,,rare)r Cic. Fam. 9, 2t , {. I'hr. .- 
 where he coidd amuse himself uithont 
 troublesome v..'!, ubi sc oblectare sine 
 interpellatoribus posset, Cic. Off. j, 14, 
 58. II, An inspector, etc. : may peril, 
 be expr. by censor, oris • v. inspector, 
 
 COMMISSIONER. 
 
 visitorial: perh.censorius: v. power. 
 
 c. auctorltas, Cic. Clu. 42, 117 (uf the 
 
 censors). 
 
 visor : I, buccaia (the clieek-piece 
 of a helmet = napayvaOi';) ■ Uhers po- 
 lish their v.s, alii b. teigen-. Liv. 44, 54 : 
 Juv. 10, uj. II. Fig.: perh.spficles: 
 
 V. MASK. 
 
 vista : perh. prospectus, iis: v. view. 
 visual : P h r. ; with visus, iia, oculi, 
 
 etc.: V. EVE, SIGHT. 
 
 vital : |. Pertaining to life : 
 
 viialis, e: heat contains v. force, natura 
 caloris in se habct vim v., Cic. N. U. 2, 
 9, 24 : thou breathest the v. air, auras v. 
 carpis, Virg. Aen. I, 387. The v. prin- 
 ciple, aninia : v. like. ||, Fig.: 
 essential: I'hr.: this is a v. point, id 
 est niaximi nionienti et ponderis, Cic. 
 Vatin. 4, 9 : V. impoutast, jasENTiAi.. 
 
 vitality: 1, vitalitas: V. remains 
 in the luart, v. durat in corde, I'liii. II, 
 37, 69. 2. ■^'i* viialis, Cic. N. 1). 2. 9, 
 
 24 : spiritus v., 
 viicitas : Plin. : 
 
 vitally : 
 
 V, animated, v, 
 II. Kig.: 
 V. F.SSENTIALLT, 
 
 VI- 
 
 ib. 2 4;, 117 
 t^uiiit. : Col. 
 |. With life: vltalUer : 
 
 animata, Lucr. ;, 146. 
 essentially : imprimis : 
 
 VERY. Ph r. : this is 
 
 V. important, id est maximi momenti, 
 Cic. Vatin. 4, 9. 
 
 vitals: 1. vitaiia. ium, n. pi: 
 Plin.: Sen. 2. viscgra, um, n. pi. : 
 
 V, ENTRAIIJi, VISCERA. 
 
 vitiate; I. ^o «P<"''. impair: 
 
 1. vitio, I (to spoil, pollute ; also, 
 of documents, to falsify) : a dreadful 
 plague had v.d the air of I.atium, diia 
 lues Latias v. auras. Ov. M. 15, 626. 
 
 2. corrumpo, upi, ptum, j : they 
 can V, the morals of' the community, c. 
 mores civitatis possunt, Cic. Leg. j, 14, 
 J2: V. TO CORRUIT. 3. dcpravo, i: 
 nature is v.d by bad training, natura 
 depravata est mala disciplina, Cic. Fin. 
 2, II, }J. Join: corrupta ac depra- 
 vata, id. Miir. 12, 27. 4. adultero, i ; 
 deceit v.s one's judgi7ient of what is true, 
 siinulatio a. judicium veri, Cic. Am. 25, 
 92. 5. sometimes interpolo, i : v. to 
 FALSIFY. Phr. : / begin my dinne)- 
 with no v.d appetite, integram faniem 
 ad ovum affero, Cic. Fam. 9, 20, i. ||, 
 To render defective, iyivaliitate : 1, 
 rescindo, scidi, scissum, j. 2. irritnm 
 leddo, didi, ditum, j : v. to impair, in- 
 validate. 
 
 vitiation : _ |. -^et or state of cor- 
 ruplion: depravatio: v. coRici prioN. 
 II, Invalidation: Phr.: with re- 
 scindo, irritum reddo, etc.: v. to in- 
 valipatk. 
 
 vitreous : vltreus (of glass) : Juv. : 
 Mart.: v. glass, glassy: v. humour, 
 peril, viircus humor, after v. ros (i. e. 
 transparent), Ov. Am. i, 6, 55. 
 
 vitrifaction : Phr.: wiih in vit- 
 rum excoquo, coiiverto : v. loll. art. 
 
 vitrify: I. Trans.: in vitium 
 converto, tl, sum, j, excoquo, xi, ctum, 
 J : sand is v.'d by an admixture of 
 natron, arvnue admixto nitro in vitrum 
 ex., Tac. Hist. 5, 7, ./in. ||. Intrans. : 
 in vitrum convenor, excdquor. etc. 
 
 vitriol: *vltriolum: blue v., *v. 
 caeruleum : green v., *v. viride • oil of 
 v., *acidum vltrioli. 
 
 vitriolic : *vitriolicus. 
 
 vituperate : 1. vitupgro, i : if 
 
 ani/ erne nere to wish to v. philosophy in 
 general, si quis uiiiver.sam |)liilosopliiam 
 v. velit, Cic. Tusc. 2, i, 4. 2. i<'- 
 
 preheiido, di, sum, j: v. to blajie, 
 
 CENSURE, REPROACH. 
 
 vituperation: 1. vituperatio; 
 
 to visit with general v., communi v. 
 repreliendere, Cic Verr. s, 18, 46: to 
 incur v., in v. venire, lb. 4. 7, U. 2. 
 reprehensio : v. censure, uepuoach. 
 
 vituperative: someiimes maiedl- 
 
 cus (abusive): V. reproachful. 
 
 vituperatively : sometimes mUi- 
 A\ce(abusiielii): v. reproachfully. 
 
 vituperator: 1. vitupetator. 
 
 oris : to put to silence envious v.s, iii- 
 vidos V. confutaie, Cic. N. 1>. I. }. 5. 
 2. rcprelieiisor, oris : v censuhek. 
 
 vivacious: I. l.ong-lived: visax. 
 acis (of persons and things) : the v. olive. 
 
 V. oliva, Virg. G. 2, 181 : v. ezcellene*. 
 virtus V. expersque sepulcri, Ov. I'onl. 4. 
 8. 47- II. Fig.: lively, active : L 
 perh. vivax : tonu-nhat vv/re v., paullo 
 vivacioros {high-spiriied, quii.k). i^uint. 
 2, 6. }. 2. vividus (aninuitrd, vigor- 
 ous) : the V. power of his mind, v. vig 
 animi, Lucr. i, 71: v. viguuous. 3. 
 viviitus: V. powers of mind, animi v. 
 potestas, Lucr. j, 557. 4. vfigCtus: 
 a V. mind, v. mens, Cic. Tusc. i, 17, 41. 
 Join: v. et vividus. Liv. 6, 22 5. 
 
 vigens: (of the mind); Cic Fin. 2, 14, 
 45: V. VIGOROUS. 6. ilacer v. bbisk, 
 active. 7. acer. v. kei:n, akdknt. 
 8. promptus (ready) : I am glad 
 you are v., te esse auimo prompto ad 
 jocandiim valde me juval, Cic. y. Fr. 2, 
 I?, i: v. READY'. 9, hllaris, c (-us) : 
 
 V. CHEERFUL. 
 
 vivaciously: 1. viviiciuT(Ute): 
 Fulg. : in tump., Prud. 2. acriter: v. 
 
 BRISKLY, Vli.OKOI .>LV. 
 
 vivaciousness : vivacitas: v. foiL 
 
 art. 
 
 vivacity: I. Tenadoutnets of 
 
 lije : vivacitas : Plin. ; Quint. : CoL 
 II, Fig.: liveliness: vigour: \, 
 vivacitas : i>. of miiid. v. cordis, Amob. 
 5. 157. 2. alacrilaa (cJieerfulneu, 
 
 Inriskness): v. uRisKSh^ss. 3. vigor, 
 oris: V. VIGOUR, ENERGY. 4. hllirltas: 
 
 v. CHEERFULNESS. 
 
 vivarium: vivarium (an incloture 
 ft/r game, fish, etc.) : Plin.: Sen.: Juv. 
 
 vivid: 1. vividus: a v. repre- 
 sentation of .ilars, v. Martis imago, 
 Claud. B. Get. 468 : v. signa (life-like). 
 Prop. 2, 31, 8 : V. oratory, v. eloquentia, 
 Tac. A. I J, 42. 2. pert, vivus : of 
 life-like representations, v. vultus, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 849. 3. acer: v. lively, 
 
 STRONG. Phr.: what tw see makes a v. 
 impression on our mind, visa ment^'m 
 acriter impelliint, Cic. Acad. 2, 20, 66: 
 to regard the case with most v. interest, 
 causam quam niaxlmc intentis oculis, ut 
 aiuiit, accrrime contemplari, id. Flacc 
 II, 26 : to give one's hearers a v. repre- 
 sentation, in rem praesentem ducere 
 audientes, yuiiit. 4, 2, 12}: most v. like- 
 net-ses, imagines similitudinis iiidiscrelae, 
 Plin. !5, 10, }6; v. striking. 
 
 vividly: 1. vivide: in comp.. 
 
 Gell : Aniin. 2. acriter: v. keenly, 
 sTi!ONi;i.v. 
 
 vivification : 1. viviHcatlo : 
 
 Tert. 2. iinimatlo: Tert. 
 
 vivifier ; 1. vIvIHcaior : Tert : 
 Aug. 2. animator, atri.v,/.: I'ert. 
 
 vivi& : 1. ai'lmo, I : uhatever 
 this is it V.S all things, (|uidquid est hoc 
 omnia a., Pac. in Cic. Div. i, 57. iji : 
 they could not v. themselves, se ipsa a, 
 non possent, Cic. N. I». I, 39. 110. 2. 
 vivifico, I (late) ; Tert : Prud. . v. to 
 
 ANIMATE, ENDOW WITH UFK, CBF.ATE. 
 
 vivifying: 1. vivificus: App.: 
 
 Amm. 2. genitalis, e: v. elements, 
 
 g. corpora mattriai, Lucr. 2, 6l ; Plin. 
 
 3. gjnitiibilis. e : Lucr. l. 11. 4. 
 
 ggnialis, e: v. productive, life-giving, 
 
 CREATIVE. 
 
 viviparous: viviparus. ». fth, v. 
 pisces, App. ApoL p. 298. 
 
 vixen: |. .4 sAe/ox; vulpes,/. • 
 a v. wiih young, feta v., Hor. Od. j, 27, 
 4. II. A qiuirrelsome immau : L 
 
 raiilier jurgios;i, Gell. 2. "> '.v P^rh. 
 
 be expr. by canis (cf. Plant. .M<n. ?, l, 
 14 : non tu scis, mulier, HkuIuuu qua- 
 propter canem Grail I'sse praedicabant? 
 quia omnia mala IngiTeliat quemqueni 
 adspexerat): v. yUARKEij^oME. 
 
 vixenish: 1. jurgiOsus: (JelL: 
 V. QrARKKi.soME. 2 "lorosus : v. 
 
 ill-tempkred. 
 
 vocable : viViibiUuni : v. word 
 
 vocabulary: \. a dictionary: 1. 
 perh. * vucabiilorum, verborum index 
 (index is a summary, list, syllabus, or 
 index, Cic. .\tt. 4. 46. :): v. dictionary 
 2. omiinasticon (6i'o>io<jTi<tbi'), 
 prop, a VKcabularj- arranged according 
 to subjicts. ||. Slock <;/ words: 
 
 copia verborum, diceiidi : our v. it not 
 sufficiently copious for everything to be 
 called by a name of Us own, non ver- 
 927
 
 VOCAL 
 
 VOLATILE 
 
 VO LUM I N OUS 
 
 boruii r.inla copia esl res ut omnes pro- 
 pnis vocabulis nominentur, Cic. Caecin. 
 l8, 51 : V. coprousNESS, fluency. 
 
 vocal : I. Possessivg voice : 1, 
 vocalis, e : v. strings, v. chordae, Tib. 2, 
 5, J : {Echo) V. nymph, v. njrapha, Ov. 
 M. J, iS'i ■■ Plin. 2. sonOrus : v. 
 
 .souNDiNo, ECHOING. jl. I'ttereo. by 
 the mice: Phr. • with vox, os, etc.: 
 the whole neighbourhond resounds nith 
 v.and instrumented music, Cdntu vocum 
 et nervorum et tibiarum tota vicinitas 
 personat, Cic. Kosc. Am. 46, i J4. 
 
 vocally: voce, ore, verbis: v. voice: 
 vocallter (late) ; Tert. 
 
 vocation: I. call: 1. vOca- 
 
 tio (a citing, summons) : Varr. 2. 
 vScatns, us : Cic. : v. call. ||, Call- 
 ing : officium, miinus : v. calling. 
 
 vocative ; vocatlvus : the V. ccise, v. 
 casus, Gell. 14, 5. 
 
 vociferate: 1. vociferor, i.- to 
 
 V. openly, v. palam, Cic. Verr. 4, 18, jq 
 if I now chose to v. this, si hoc nunc v 
 velim, lb. 2, 21, 52. 2. vScito, 1 
 Tac. H. 2, 41. 3. clamo, i : v. to 
 
 CBY, CALL. 
 
 vociferation : 1. voclf eratio • 
 
 the V. of Flavins, Flavii v., Cic. Verr. 5, 
 60, 156: id. Clu 10, 30. 2. vocifgr- 
 atus, us : Plin. 10, 60, ';9. 3. clamor, 
 
 oris : V. CLAMOUR, SHOUT. 
 
 vociferator : 1. vocifgrator, 5riB ■. 
 Tert. 2. clamator : v. crier, caller. 
 
 vociferous; Phr.: they assailed 
 the judices nith v. shouts, clamorlbus 
 maximis judices corripuerunt, Coel. In 
 Cic. Fam. 8, 2. i : the v. applause of the 
 mob, acclamationes multitudinis, Llv, 
 J(, 15: (in Cic. acclamatiu gives the 
 idea of disapprobation) : v. loud, cla- 
 
 KOBOtlS. 
 
 vociferously : magno clamore : 
 maximis clanioribus : v. locdlv, clam- 
 orously. 
 
 vogue : nios, moris : he said that it 
 was not in n. with the Greeks, negavlt 
 tnoris esse Graecorum, Cic. Verr. 1, 26, 
 
 66: V. FASHION, CUSTOM. 
 
 voice {subs.) : I. Faculty or nioih 
 of utttrance : vox, vocis, /. : Kor dues 
 thy V. sound human, nee v. horainem 
 sonar, Vlrg. Aen. i, 328 : / advocated 
 the i'oco7iian law with a loud v., legem 
 Voconiani magna voce siiasi, Cic. de 
 Sen. 5, 14: the quality (f the u., vocls 
 figura, Auct. Her. i, li, 19 (v. the pas- 
 sage for e.xpr. for strength, etc.. of v.) : 
 tone of v., vocis genus, Cic. de Or. j, 58, 
 117 (v. the whole passage: v. also id. 
 Or. II, j'j, seq.). ||. Sound uttered : 
 
 I, vox ■. a stag temjied by the v^ 
 of the hunters, cervus venantum vo- 
 cibus conterritus, Phaedr. i, 12. 7 : 
 also of inanimate things : the horn fills 
 the shores n-ith its v., buccina litora 
 V. replet: Virs. Aen. 7, 519. 2, 
 sonus : V. sound. 3. sonitns, us; 
 V. sound. 4. sometimes cantus, us 
 (of the v. of birds or musical instru- 
 ments) ; the i'.s of birds, c. avium, Cic. 
 Div. 1, 42, 94: V. soNO : as soon as the 
 ■». of the trumpets teas heard, simul ac 
 tubarum est auditus c, Liv. 2;, 24: v. 
 SOUND. III. Opinion expressed, suf- 
 frage : 1. vox : universal agreement 
 is the V. of nature, omnium consensus 
 naturae v. est, Cic. Tusc. 1,15,35. 2. 
 sententia : Caecina deteiinijied in ac- 
 cordance vith the V. of his fi'ietids, 
 placuit Caecinae de amicorum s., id. 
 Caecin. 7, 20: v. opinion, vote. Phr.: 
 Agricola was demanded as general with 
 one v., AgricoUi uno ore dux poscebatur, 
 Tac. Agr. 41 : tJie general v. ti'os for 
 peace, omnium consensu pax facta, Caes. 
 B. G. 2, 29, extr. : he vnns everii v., 
 omne tulit puuctum {vote, token of ap- 
 probation), Hor. A. P. J4J. 
 
 voice («•)•• I. Trail!!. : praedico, 
 
 I : V. to I'ROCLAIM, titter, I'UHLISH. 
 
 II, I n t r a n s. : clamo, i : v. to cry. 
 VOiceful : vocalis. e ; v. VOCAL. 
 voiceless : sine voce, mutus, elin- 
 
 guis: v. speechless, dumb. 
 
 void {subs.) : I. inane {empty 
 tpace) : (also inanttas, vacuum) : v. 
 VACANCY (!.). II, Fig. : lacuna (a 
 928 
 
 gap, defect) : they devoted themsdves to 
 tilling up the v. thus caused iti their 
 property, dederunt operam ul illam 1 
 rei familiaris explerent, Cic. VeiT. 2, 55, 
 
 U8: v. DEFICIENCY, WANT. 
 
 void {adj.) : I, Empty : vacuus, 
 inanis : v. empty. ||, Vacant, of an 
 office, etc.: vacuus: v. vacant. |||, 
 Fig.- Empty of, wanting: 1. va- 
 cuus : with abl., the mind in sleep is v. 
 of sensations and anxieties, animus per 
 somnum sensibus et curis v., Cic. I>iv. 
 2, II, 27: with gen. poet: with piep. 
 ab: V. of hatred, af'etion, angefi; and 
 pity, v. ab odio, atnicitia, ira atque mi- 
 sericordia, Sail. C. 51. 2. inanis, e : 
 
 most v. of counsel, iiianissima pruden- 
 tiae, Cic. Mur. 12, 26. 3. expers, 
 
 pertis : with gen.: atiimals are v. of 
 reason and speech, ferae sunt rationis 
 atque orationis e., id. Off. i, 16, 50, 
 fin. : strength v. of counsel, vis con- 
 sili e., Hor. Od. 3, 4, 6;: with abl.: 
 V. of fear, e. metu, Plaut. Asin. i, l, 
 31 : Sail. 4. inops, opis {needy, des- 
 
 titute) : with gen. : you had descnbed 
 a man v. of refinement, descripseras i. 
 quendara humanitatis, Cic. de Or. 2, 
 10, 40 with prep.: was I so v. of 
 frieyids? tam i. ego eram ab amicis? 
 id. Dom. 22, 58 : v. destitute. 5. 
 egenus {needing) ; v. of all hope, e. 
 omnis spei, Tac. A. i, 53 : Virg. : with 
 abl. Tac. 6. egens : v. wanting. 
 7. st^rTlis, e {barren, tinproductiie) : 
 the age is not so v. of virtue, non adeo 
 virtutum s. seculum, Tac. H. i, 3 : Pers. : 
 v. barren. 8. prTvatus: the nature 
 of the gods is v. of all pain, divom na- 
 tura est p. dolore omni, Lucr. i, 50. 
 9. liber {free) : v. of all fear, 
 omni 1. metu, JJv. 7, ?4 : v. free, 
 exempt. 10. iiiivus (andefiled) : v. of 
 guilt, sceleris p., Hor. Od. I, 22. i. 
 Phr.: tlmt you may be v. of all suffer- 
 ing, ut omni dolore careas, Cic. Am. 6, 
 22: to be V. of anxiety and trouble, 
 cura vacare et negotio, id. Leg. i, j, 8: 
 that we may call him v. of prudence, ut 
 ilium nihil sensisse dicamus, id. Rab. 
 P(jst. I, I : / should be v. of feeling if 
 I did not love you, ferreus essem si te 
 non amarem, id. Fam. 15, 2i, 3. |V. 
 Wanting in effect, invalid: 1. irri- 
 tus {invalid) : he made the will v., 
 testamentum i. fecit, Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 
 109 ; let them be null and v., inita in- 
 fectaque sunto, id. Leg. 2, 8, 21, fin. 
 2, sometimes vanus {hollow, fruit- 
 less) : wills which were null and v., 
 v. et irrita testamenta. Suet Cal. 38 : 
 V. VAIN. 3. nuUus {of no account) : 
 so you think tite laws null and v..? 
 igltur tu leges n. puias ? Cic. Leg. 2, 6, 
 14. Phr.: may be expr. by gen., etc, 
 of price : to treat as null and v., nihili 
 pendere: v. value : you have made v. 
 the acts of M. Antonius and annulled 
 his laws, acta M. Antonii rescidistis, 
 leges refixistis, Cic. Phil. 13, j, 5: to 
 make v. the existing laws by enacting 
 new ones, tollcre veteres leges novis le- 
 gibus, id. de Or. I, 58, 247: v. to Aitito- 
 
 GATE, ANNUL, CANOEL. 
 
 void {^■) •" I. ^ make or leave 
 empty ; viicuefacio, feci, factum, 3 ; 
 vacuo. I : v. to empty, vacate. Phr.: 
 to V. the field, discedere victus, SalL C. 
 49- Ij. '^^ annul, cancel: rescindo, 
 scidi, scissum, 3; irritum facio, feci, 
 faetum, 3: v. to annul, cancel. |||, 
 To emit, discharge : 1. evomo, ui, 
 Itum, 3 •• Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 124: Fig.: 
 to V. his venom and spite, e. virus acer- 
 bitatis suae, id. Am. 23, 87 : id. Phil. 5, 
 7, 20. 2. exinanio, 4 : to v. bile, e. 
 bilem, Plin. 28, 8, 36- 3. reddo, idi, 
 itum, 3 ; r. saiiguinem, excrementa, etc., 
 Plin. 4. erumpo, upi, ptum, j ; v. 
 to discharge, vent. 
 
 voidable : *quod rescind! (tolli) 
 potest : V. TO annul, cancel. 
 
 volatile: I. Lit.: perh. *quod 
 
 caelo subjectum tenuatur, dissipatur, 
 vim integram perdit. Volatile salt : 
 *sal volatilis. ||. Fig. : 1. v6- 
 
 laticus : how v. is the academy, O v. 
 academiam, et sui similem. modo hue 
 
 niodo illuc, Cic. Att. i?, 2?, 3: v. and 
 frivolous, V. et levis. Sen. Ep. 42, Tned. 
 2, 16vis, e : v. light. 3. varius : 
 V. changeable, versatile. 
 
 volatility: Fig-: perh. levitas: v. 
 
 LIGHTNE.SS (OF MINU), LEVITY. 
 
 volcanic : 1. vulcanius : Virg. : 
 V. stoves, * saxa vulcania (KrO. 2. 
 flammas eructms. Just. 4, i, 4: ignes 
 evomens, Sil. It, 17 594 (e Kr.). P h r. : 
 Ceres is said to have lighted her torch 
 at the v. fires of Etna, dicitur Ceres in- 
 flammasse taedas iis ignibus qui ex 
 Aetnae vertice erumpunt, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 48, 106 : V. foil. art. 
 
 volcano : *mons vulcanius (no clas- 
 sical authority). Phr.: mens cujus ex 
 vertice ignes erumpunt : v. preced. art : 
 mons eructans flammas, vaporem, fu- 
 mum, Just. 4, 1,4: mons arenas flam- 
 marum globo eructans, Plin. 2, 10?, 106 
 (e Kr.): mons evomens ignes, SiL It. 17, 
 
 594- 
 
 volition : voluntas : V. WILL, CHOICE. 
 
 volley: I. Lit.: Phr.: the line 
 of the Gauls was ovei-whelmed with v£ of 
 missiles, nubes levium telorum conjecta 
 obruit aciem Gallorum, Liv. 38, 26 : 
 v.s of darts fall on them, tempeslas 
 telorum et ferreus ingmit imber, Virg. 
 Aen. 12, 284: V.S of stones, Jaculationes 
 saxorum, App. : v. storm, SHOWEii. 
 II, Fig.: Phr.: av.of complaints, 
 tempestas querelamm, Cic. Pis. 36. 89 ; 
 amid this v. of words, in hac veluii 
 jaculatione verborum, Quint. 6, 3, 4; 
 before he could pour out this v. of words, 
 priusquam illam eloquentiae procellaui 
 effunderet, id, 11, 3, 158: they assail 
 Fufius with vs of abuse, Fiifium cla- 
 moribus et conviciis conseclantur, Cic. 
 
 Att 2, 18, I : V. STORM, SHOWER. 
 
 volubility: I. Lit : v61ubiliUs 
 {whirliug motion) : v. mundi, Cic. N. D. 
 2, 19,49. II' '■i?-- of speech: volu- 
 bilTlas: v. of speech, v. linguae, Cic. 
 Plane. 25, 62 : others like fluency and v., 
 flumen aliis verborum v.que cordi eat, 
 
 id. Or. 16, 53 : V. FLUENCY. 
 
 voluble: I. Lit: volulnlis, e 
 
 (whirling) : v, caelum, Cic. Tim. t.fin. : 
 
 V. WHIRLING. II. F i g., of speech : 
 
 volubilis : v. speech, v. oratio, Cic. Brut. 
 28, 106 : a very v. speaker, homo volu- 
 bilis quadam praecipiti celeritate dicendi, 
 id. Flac. 20, 48: V. fluent._ 
 
 volubly: Fig.: vSmbillter: hit 
 speech is deliveied v., funditur oratio v., 
 Cic. Or. 62, 210: V. fluently. 
 
 volume: I. Gen. a roU, whirl: 
 1. volumen.inis: n. {the snake) trails 
 his vast v., (anguis) sinuat immensa vo- 
 lumine terga, Virg. Aen. 2, 208 : v.s of 
 smoke, v. funii, Ov. M. 13, 601. 2. 
 spira (a, coil) : of a serpent, Virg. G. 2, 
 154: V. COIL. 3. sinus, Qs (a curve, 
 fold): V. FOLD. II. K.-^p. of a book, 
 a roll: volumen : to utfold a v., v. e.x- 
 plicare, Cic. Rose. Am. "35. loi : to turn 
 ove>- a v., evolvere v. {to unroll in tht 
 process of reading). Quint. 2, 15, 24; 
 Cic. III. A division of a work, a 
 part. 1, volumen : tlie third day's 
 
 discussion will make vp the third ii, 
 tertius dies disputationis hoc tertium v 
 efficiet, Cic. Tusc. 3, 3. 6: Plin. 6, 29, 
 34- 2. liher: 1 have finished three 
 V.S., tres 1. perfeoti sunt. Cic. Div. 2, i 
 3: Quint. With liber omitted: in 
 Livius' first v., in T. Livii primo. Quint 
 9, 2, 37 : Cic. : V. BfKiK. 3. tomus 
 (=z t6^05j a slice) : M. Aur. in Front. : 
 V. part. IV.' Of the voice; mag- 
 nitudo {strength) : v. voice. 
 
 voluminous; I. Lit: 1. 
 volumlnosus (late): of the coils of a 
 serpent, bid. Carm. 9, 76. 2. slnu- 
 osus {^cinding) : the v. coils {of a ser- 
 pent), s. volumina (serpentis), Virg. 
 Aen. II, 75?. II. Fig. : 1. perh. 
 copiosus : the one is more condensed, the 
 other nun-e v. in h is style of speaking, 
 densior ille, hie copiosior in eloquendo. 
 Quint I, I, 106: V. FULL, copious. 
 2. diffusus: a v. work, diffusum 
 opus, Plin. Ep. 3, 5. 6: a v. writer, 
 (scriptor), per multa diffusus volumina 
 
 Col. 1 , 1 , 10 : V. DIFFUSE.
 
 VOLUMINOUSLY 
 
 VORACIOUSNESS 
 
 VOTER 
 
 voluminously : 1. cOpiose : c et 
 akondanter, Cic . v oopiouslv, fullt. 
 
 2. diffuse : Cic. : v. diffusely. 
 voluminousness : 1. copia 
 
 (^Julness oj expres.i.ii/n) : Cic. : v. oo- 
 nou.SKK.ss, FLLNKss. 2. amplitQdo 
 
 (copitniinets and dif/nit;/) : a. I'latonis, 
 Cic. Or. 1,5. 3. ioiigitudo {leiiyUi): 
 v.o/ tpet'li, 1. oratioiiis, Cic. Part. iV.sg. 
 voluntarily : 1. voiuntate, med 
 (su&) voluntate (o/" one's oion will or 
 determinatiun, tipp. vi or invitus et co- 
 actus) : II hen (lifiiulus) had v. returned 
 to I'arthaije, quuin sua v., nulla vl co- 
 actus, Carthagiiiem revertisset, Cic. Fin. 
 2, 2o, 6; . tlie other states v. submitted, 
 aliae civitates v. in ditloriem venerunt, 
 Liv. V), j8. ad init. 2. sponte, mea 
 (suS) sponte (of one's otcn motion or 
 impulse, not prompted by external com- 
 pulsimi^ inducement, or assistance): 
 whetlitr V. or summoned 6// decree of 
 the senate, slve ipse s. sua, sive senatus- 
 coiiBuUo accitus, id. lo, 25 : he replied 
 that he had spoken v., s. di.xisse re- 
 spondit, Tac. A. i, 8. Join: sua 
 sponte et voluntate, Cic. Part. 57. i^i. 
 
 3. ultri) connected with ille (il, ol, 
 ul), opp. citro (v. Dr. Smith's Lat. 
 Diet.), implying doing, over and above, 
 tomrthing not asked or expected, may 
 often be rendered even, actually, nay 
 more; good m^n came Joruard v. to 
 support I'lancius, vlri boni Plancio se 
 n. offerebant. Cic. Plane. 10, 26 : / comW 
 wish for nothing tchuii Caesar has not 
 bestowi'd on me v., nee mihi quidquam 
 in mentera venit optare quod non u. 
 mihi Caesar detulerit, id. Fam. 4, i;, 2 : 
 Join: ultro et sponte. Suet. 4. li- 
 benter (lub.) : v. willinglv, readily. 
 ( Note. — VOluntarie is late : Am. : Hyg.] 
 Phr. : may be e.xpr. by ipse: there is 
 nothing which I think Caesar will not 
 V. grant, nihil est quod non ipsum 
 Caesarem tributurum existimeni {of 
 himself), ib. 6, i}, 2: v. voi.cntary. 
 / tvent V. to d/:struetion, prudens et 
 sciens ad pestem ante oculos positam 
 sum profectus (ivith my eyes open), Cic. 
 Fam. 6, 6. 6. 
 
 voluntariness: Phr.: may be 
 expr. by adj. or adv. : v. voluktarii.y, 
 
 VOLUNTARY. 
 
 voluntary: 1. vQiuntarius ("/ 
 
 persons and things) : (i. of persons) 
 After procuring v. auxiliariei', quuni 
 V. auxilia coniparavissem, Cic. Fam. 15, 
 4, ;: a t). agent, v. procurator, id. Brut. 
 4, I"), (li. of things) I must die a v. 
 death, con.sciscenda mors v., id. Fam. "), 
 J, } : l..iv. 6, I, me.d. : they hoped for a v. 
 surrender, v. deditio sperabamr, Tac. 
 Hist. 2, 45, init. 2. v61ens: /, 
 
 Turnus, am a v. suppliant, v. vos 
 Tunius adoro, Virg. Aen. 10, '177. 3. 
 spontaneus: v. motiini, s. motus, Sen. 
 Kp. 121, 7. 4. ultroneus: oy>p. Jussi, 
 Sen. y. >f. 2, 5g, 7. Instead of these 
 two words we slmuld fiiiil the idea expr. 
 in good Liitin by the adv. spoiile and 
 iiltro. Phr.: (He said) that his death 
 was not v., nee ilium sponte exstinctum, 
 Tac. A. }, 16 : he died a v. d/aWi, mortem 
 sibi conscivit, Liv. j, ;8; sua nianu ce- 
 cidit, Tac. .\. j, 4J ; vim vitae suae attu- 
 lit, ib. 6, }8 : V. SCICIDK that we should 
 go into v. exile, ut exsiliuni ac fugam 
 nobis conscisceremus, Liv. 5, 55, med. : 
 the wise man alone is idways a v. agent, 
 soli hoc contlngit sapienti, ut nihil facia 
 invitus, nihil coactus, Cic. Par. 5, 1, 54 : 
 
 V. VOLUNTAIilLV. 
 
 volunteer (subs.) : vSluntarius, 
 miles voluntarius: he knew that v.s 
 would lud lie lacking, neque sibi volun- 
 tariorum copia.s defore Iniellexit, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, ;6, ad init. : v.s, v. milltes, id. 
 B. C. ?, 91, /.»!. 
 
 volunteer (a^j) •■ v. voluktary. 
 
 volunteer ("■) ■• 1, G e n. : sponte, 
 nltro facio : they v.'d to aid I'laticius, 
 Plancio se u'.tro offerebant, Cic. I^lanc. 
 10,26: v. voluntarily. II. Esp. of 
 soldiers : *sponte nomen dare, profiteri. 
 
 voluptuary (subs.): 1. vsiup- 
 tarius (one whose theory is that pleasure 
 it the chief good) ; Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 47. 
 
 2. lux&riosus: the things whicli 
 give pleasure to v.s, ea quae sunt 1. 
 efficientla voluptatum, id. Fin. 2, 7, 21. 
 
 3. libidlDosus (licentious) : Join 
 with lux.: he is a most thorough v., nihil 
 Isto luxurioslus nihil 1., id. Pis. 27, 66. 
 Phr.: if a man is someirhat of a v., 
 si quis est pauUo ad voluplaus propcn- 
 sior, id. Off. i, jo, 105 : a mere v., • vo- 
 luptaiihus (corporis) deditus: v. sen- 
 sual, LICKNTKJLS. 
 
 voluptuary (adj.): voluptarius: o 
 V. excitement of mind, aninii elalio v., 
 Cic. Fin. j, 10, {5: v. foil. art. 
 
 voluptuous : 1. v61uptarius • a 
 
 v., ioft. and effeminate school of tltout/ht, 
 v., delicata, mollis dlsciplina, Cic. Fin. 
 
 l,il.}7- 2. v61uptuosus(j:;/«asajiO •■ 
 Piin. Ep. i, 19, 2. 3. luxurlosus the 
 furniture of a i>. man, 1. hominis su- 
 pcUex, Cic. Phil. 2, 27. 66. 4. libidi- 
 nosus : v. pleasures, 1. voliiptates. id. 
 Fin. I, 18, 59. Phr.: a v. life, 'vita 
 voluptaiibu> dedlta : v. sensual, licen- 
 
 Tl'itiS. 
 
 voluptuously • 1, luxuriose : to 
 live v., I. vivere. Cic. Coel. 6, I j. Phr.: 
 to live v., diffluere luxuria, et delicate ac 
 molliter vivere, id. Off. I, io, 106 : v. 
 sensually, licentiously. 2. v61up- 
 tuose : Sid. Ep. 5, 20. 3. vomptarie : 
 App. M. J, p. I J 8. 
 
 voluptuousness: 1. perh. lux- 
 
 lirla (litJkUries) (extravagant living): 
 V. is produced in a capita/, in urbe L 
 creatur, Cic. Rose. Am. 27, 75 : v. 
 
 LUXURY', E.XTEAVACANCE. 2. Vo- 
 
 lupUis, libido, laseivia: v. pleasure, 
 
 LICKNTIOUSNtSS. 
 
 volute : vOliita (o spiral ornament 
 (111 the ciipitals of columns): Vitr. 4, I : 
 id. ), ?. 
 
 vomit (subs.) : I. Matter vomited : 
 
 I. vOniitio : various colours of v.s, 
 varii eolores v., Pliii. 2?, 5, if. 2. 
 vomitus, US: I'lin. 2;, 8, 80. ||. An 
 emetic : m&Jicamentum v5niilicum : 
 Coel. Aurel. : v. emkiio. 
 
 vomit {'»■): I. Trans.: 1. 
 
 vomo, ui, itum, j : t" v. blood, v. sau- 
 guimm, Plin. 26, ij, 84. Transf. in 
 gen.: charybdis v.s forth the waves, 
 Charybdis v. fluctus, Ov. H. 12, 125; 
 Virg. G. 2, 462. 2. ev6mo, ui, itum, j: 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 124. Transf. in gen.: 
 to V. forth Jiames, flammas e., Plin. 
 Fig.: he v.'d forth a speech upon me, 
 iu me orationem e., Cic. Phil. 5, 7, 20. 
 3. eructo, I : v.ing venom, saniem e., 
 Virg. Aen. }, j62 : in gen., TUrtarus 
 v.ing Iwrrid steam, Tartarus horrificos 
 e. taucibus aestus, Luer. ;, 102; : Virg. 
 
 II. In trans.: vOmo, ui, itum, i: 
 Cic. Fin. 2. 8, 2J. 
 
 vomiting : 1. vOmltio : dogs cure 
 themselves by v., v. canes alvos curant, 
 Cic. N. D. 2, 50, 126 2. v6mitus, us: 
 Plin. 8, 48, 72 : to disrlutrge by v., v. 
 reddere, id. : the caper produces v., cap- 
 paris V. facit, id. ij, 2j, 44, 
 
 vomitive : 1. vomllicus, Coel. 
 
 Aurel. 2. vomitorius : a v. root, 
 
 bulbus queni v. vocuni, I'lin. 20. 9, 41. 
 
 vomitory: vomllOriuui (ian.plur., 
 the outlets from the theatres or amphi- 
 theatres) : Macr. S. 6, 4. 
 
 voracious: 1. edax, acis: you 
 have lost your v. friend, e. hospltem 
 aniisisti, Cic. Flac. 17,41. Fig.: of fire, 
 Virg. Aen. 2, 758. 2. viirax, acis 
 
 (chiefly fig. : titrou) I'jip) : "hat Charyb- 
 dis is so V. t quae Charytxlis tain v. ? 
 Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 67 : of fi're, Sil. 4, 687. 
 3. avid us (greedy) : v. gursts, con- 
 vivae a., Hor. S. I, 5, 75. Fig.: of 
 flames. Ov. M. 9, 172 : v. grkedv. 
 
 voraciously : 1. avide : Suet. : 
 fig., Cie. : (\n comp.) they eat and drink 
 too v., avidius vino cilxxiue corpora oncr- 
 ant, Liv. 41, 2 : v. greedily. 2. 
 
 vonlciter : Macr. S. 7, 5, med. 
 
 voraciousness : 1. MacTias : / 
 
 fear the boy's v., e. pueri pertimesco, 
 Cic. y. Fr. 1,9,9: Plaut. 2. voracitas : 
 Eutr. : App.: fig. of fire, Plin. 2, 107, 
 III. 3. ivWilas: lettuce causes >■., 
 lactuca in cibis a. Iiicitat, Plin. 20, 7, 26 
 
 V. GREEDINESS. 
 
 i o 
 
 voracit^: Sdacltaa: V. preced. »n. 
 vortex : 1. vertex, Icis (vor.) : »• 
 
 WHlliL. WHIRLPOOL, KDDV. 2. tUrbo- 
 
 inis: v. WHIRL, WHIULWI.SD. 
 
 votaress : perh. cuitrix : Lact. : v. 
 
 foil. art. 
 
 votary: perh. cultor aniggardand 
 unjrtijuent v. of Uie yods. partus deoiuia 
 c, f-t iiitiequen8,Hor. Od. i, {4, i. Phr.: 
 a V. of pleasure, dediius voluptatibug; 
 propensus ad voluptaujs: Cic: v. dk- 
 
 VOTED: WORSHIPPEB. 
 
 vote («"<<«•) : I, Prop r.: L ""f- 
 fragium (a ballot, vote) : the centuries of 
 the ttpjLites with six vj, equltum cenluriae 
 Clini Sex v., Cic. llep 2, 22, J9; the v.t 
 of tiie multitude, s. multitudiuis, id. l>?tL 
 I, 16, 4} : to take the vj of tlie caUuriei, 
 eentuiias In s. mlttere, Liv. ji, 7. ?.. 
 seiitentia (the expressed opinion, vote, of 
 a se)iator, judex, etc.): Scamander teas 
 condemned by the v.s of all (Ihe judic«»), 
 omnibus s. Scamander cundeninaius est, 
 Cic. Clu. 20, 5; : he asktd the accused 
 whether he pi eferre-i Uie v.s lo be given 
 Secretly or openly, quaesivit ab reo chim 
 an palam de se ^<eulenliam lerri vellet, 
 ib. 3. punctum (In. a mark made in 
 a wax tablet as a sign of a vote) : to oth 
 tain v.s, p. ferre, id. Plane. 22, 54. Fig.: he 
 gains every v., oinne lullt p., Hor. A. P. 
 {4J- II. l^^ potsessiny a v., suffri- 
 gium : it is the people's right lo gire pj, 
 populi esse s. quibus velit impertirl, 
 Liv. j8, }6. Support by v., suffiagalio: 
 tlie support of the sUdiers has great 
 effect in the consular election, in consule 
 declarando niullum auctoriialis hal>ei s. 
 militaris.Cic. Mur. 18, }8. |||, Transf. 
 in gen., judgmerit : 1. suffragium : a 
 rhetorician according to your v., rhetor 
 s. tuo, Cic. Phil. 2, 17, 42. 2. sentenlia : 
 v. OPINION. 3. consensus, iis ; the ge- 
 neral V. was in favour of peace, omnium 
 c. pa.v facta, Caes. B. G. 2, 29, exlr. : v. 
 
 CONSENT, DI.C1SI0N. 
 
 vote (v.) : I. T r a n s. : 1. ccnseo, 
 2 : ((he senate) v.d an altar to Clemency. 
 aram Clementiae censuere, Tac. A. 2. 74: 
 II liat the senate has v.d, quae palres cen- 
 suere, Liv. JI, 7, _/in. 2. deceriio. 
 crevi, cretum, } : when the senate c.d 
 Africanus a triumph, quum seiiaius 
 iriumphum Africano d., Cic. Fin. 4, 9, 
 22 : provinces are v.d to private indi- 
 viduals, provincjae privatis d., Caes. B. C 
 
 I. 6, 4. 3. jiibeo, 2: v. TOOliDKR, DE- 
 
 CREE. II, 1 n t r a u s. : 1. suffriiginm 
 fero, tiili, latum, ferre, irreg. : nhat 
 is more disgraceful than fur neeay 
 and abandoned persons to v. concerning 
 a man's life and status f quid est iu- 
 dignius quum de ejus capite egentes et 
 perditos k. ferre? Cic. l»om. 18, 46. 2. 
 suffiagium ineo, 4 (to recrrrd one's v.) : 
 others v., alii s. ineunt, Liv. }, 17. 3. 
 sententiam f6ro: of a judex: Cic. Clu. 
 20, 55: ib. 26, 72,yin. To V. for, sup- 
 port a candidate : suffragor, I : Ihey 
 had come together, nut only to vole for, 
 but also to see F. Scipio. convcncrant 
 undi(iue non s. modo sed eliaui spec- 
 tanili causa P. Sclpionis, Liv. 28. J8: 
 Cic. Mur. J4, 71. Jo v. for a candidate, 
 suffragio suo omare, ai^uvare, allquem, 
 Plin. Ep. To V. in favour of any one's 
 motion in the senate, iu senlentiam 
 discedere, Liv. }, 41 : when all v.d in 
 favour of his motion, quum onines In 
 sententiam ejus j)edibus Irent, Liv. 9, 8, 
 ad Jin.: most v.d the same way, jvirs m^Jor 
 ill eandeiii sententiam ib.11. id. i, ]2, ad 
 fin. Phr.: he v.d agamsl the relurti of 
 the prisoners, caplivos reddendos in se- 
 catu non censuit.Cic. Off. I, I}, 19: irAeii 
 the many asked me to v. for this decree, 
 quum multitudo a me ut id decernerem 
 (= decemendum censereui) j>ostiilaret» 
 id. Alt. 4, I, 6 (pro/'iise and tuip-irt) : 
 I not only v.d. but also tried to induce 
 you, nun solum decrevi (= deceniendum 
 ceniui) sed etiaiii ut decemeretls lat>or> 
 avi, id. Prov. Cons. 11, 28: they v.d for 
 Curio's proposition, Curiotu a»s«-n»<Tunl, 
 id. I. 14, ;. 
 
 voter : I. One who votes : qui 
 
 suffragium fert: v. preced. art. ||, 
 f>n« who possesses the right ol voting 1 
 929
 
 VOTINGT ABLET 
 
 VULGAR 
 
 WA D E 
 
 qui suffragium. Jus fereudi suffragii, 
 habet -. v. preced. art. |||. A voter 
 
 in favour of any one: suffrat;ator : the 
 comparison of v.s, buffraguioium com- 
 paratio, Cic. Mur. 21, 44 : v. supporter. 
 
 voting-tablet : taljella : used in the 
 coniitia: am I to wait till 75 v.-t.s are 
 sorted concerning you f an ego exspect- 
 em dum de te quinque et sepiuaginta t. 
 diiimantur {al. lee. diribeantiir).' Cic. 
 Pis. 40, 96, init. A sorting of v.-t.s, 
 diribitio ; Cic. Plane. 6, 14. A sorter 
 of v.-t.s, diribitor, oris, id. Pis. i?, }6. 
 The place ivhe.re v.-t.s are sorted, diribi- 
 toriiim, Suet. Claud. 18: Plin. 6. 40, 76: 
 [others take dlrlbeo and its derivatives 
 to refer to the distribution if v.-t.s for 
 voting: v. Smith's Ant. 414]. 
 
 -urn : 1. urna : he draws 
 
 (the names of) three (jadices) from the 
 u., educit ex u. tres, Cic. Verr. 2, 17, 42. 
 
 2. cista {the box for depositing votes 
 at the comitia) : he ripsets the v.-ums, c. 
 dejicit, Auct. Her. i, 12, 21 (v. Smith's 
 Ant. 288). 3. called also cistella: 
 Auct. Her. i, 12, 11. 4, sitella (an 
 urn from, which the centuries, etc. were 
 drawn by tot) : a v.-urn was brought, s. 
 allata est, Liv. 25, 3, ad fin. : Plant. 
 Cas. 2, 4, 17. 5. called also sitiila: 
 ib. 2, 6, 7. 
 
 votive; votlvus.- a v.-tablet, v. 
 tabula, Hor. Od. i, 5, 14: v. games, v. 
 .udi, Cic. Verr. Act. i, 10, ji. 
 
 vouch : A. 'r r a n s. : I. To call 
 to witness : 1. tester, i : I v. all gods 
 and men, ego omnes homines deosque 
 t., Cic. Caecin. 29, 8j. 2. obtestor, 1 : 
 V. TO WITNESS. II, To attest, war- 
 rant, confirm : 1, tester, i : what 
 plain does not v. our impious conflict ? 
 quis non campus impia proelia t. ? Hor. 
 Od. 2, I, 51. 2. testihcor, i : you v. 
 what I said or wrote, t. quid dixerim aut 
 scripserim, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, jj : v. to 
 ATTEST. 3. contirrao, I : all of whom 
 V. the trvth of this circumstance of Dion's 
 money, quorum omnium testimoniis de 
 hac Dionis pecunia confirmatuni est, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 8, 2J. 4. afiSrmo, i (to corro- 
 borate) : v.ing the truth if the deserteis' 
 reports, traustugaruni dicta a., Liv. 28, 
 2, ad init. 5. f idem facio, feci, fac- 
 tum, } : (these things) v. tlie fact of the 
 tberi having migrated, f. laciunt Iberos 
 trajecisse, Tac. Agr. 11 : v. to prove. 
 
 3. may be expr. by spondeo, 2 : v. 
 
 TO PLEDGE, ENGAGE, PROMISE. 7. 
 
 praesto, i (to warrant, be responsible 
 for): v.TOWARRANT. B. lutrans.: 
 to bear witness : testif Icor, i : v. to 
 
 TESTIFY, WITNESS. 
 
 for : V. TO VOUCH (II.). 
 
 voucher : I. '>"« "'/w vouches or 
 attests : 1. auctor, oris . the fathers 
 thinking him an insufficiettt and un- 
 trustiKorlhy v. in so great a matter, a. 
 levem, nee satis iidiim super tanta re 
 patres rati, Liv. 5, 15, /i9i. : we are v.s 
 that the majesty of the Roman name 
 shall there be safe, a. sumus tutam ibi 
 majestatem Roniani nominis fore, id. 2, 
 48. 2, testis: most tiu^tnnrthy v.s, 
 t. locupletissimi, Cic. Brut. 9!. j22 : v. 
 WITNESS. 3. conlirmiitor, oris : a v. 
 for the money, c. pecuniae, id. Clu. 26, 
 72 ; V. SURETY. II. An attesting 
 
 document, etc., tvarrant : 1, auc- 
 toritas: you think the v.s and papers of 
 the state are of no value in court, nihil 
 putas valere in judiciis civitatum a. ac 
 literas, id. Verr. j, 62, 146: v. wae;- 
 BANT. 2. may be expr. by testimon- 
 ium : V. EVIDENCE. 
 
 vouchsafe : | T r a n s. : concedo, 
 cessi, cessum, } : v. to grant : (the idea 
 of condescension, etc., may perh. be expr. 
 by ullro with the verb used). ||. 
 1 n t r a n s. : dignor, i : v. to deign. 
 
 VOW (s^ubs.) : I, In religious sense : 
 1. votum: to make a v., v. susci- 
 pere. Cic. N. D. j, J9, 9? : v. nuncupare 
 (to pronounce before ivitnesses), id. Verr. 
 5. I J. 14: «'e are bound to God by the 
 obligation of a v., v. sponsione obliga- 
 mur deo, id. Leg. 2, 16, 41 : to pay a v., 
 V. solvere, id. I'hil. j, 4. 1 1 : v. reddere, 
 id Leg. 2, 9, 22 (for other expr., v. Dr. 
 9?o 
 
 Smith's Lat. Diet.). 2. sometimes de- 
 votio (devoting) : devoting oneself to God 
 by a v., deorum d., Cic. N. D. j, 6, 55. 
 
 3. religio (rell.) (the obligation of a 
 V.) : because he said he was hindered by 
 v.s, quod se r. inipediri diceret, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 6, Died. : V. oath. |[, Gen.ra 
 solemn promise, pledge : peih. fides, 
 spoDsio : is this your marriage v. f 
 haecne marita fides? Prop. 5, j, 11 : v. 
 
 PRoHISE, obligation. 
 
 VOW(i'-)- I. Trans. : in religious 
 sense; 1, voveo, vovi, votum, 2: 
 
 'J'ullus v.'d ten Salii and temples to 
 I'allor and Fear, TuUus decern v. Salios 
 fanaque Pallori ac Pavori, Liv. 1 27. 
 2. devoveo, 2: they v. their spoils 
 to Mais, Marti ea quae bello ceperint d., 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 17 : Cic. Off. j, 2;, 95. 
 II, I n t r a n s. : to assent or invmise 
 solemnly : 1. spondeo, spopondi, 
 
 sponsum, 2 : / promise, undertake, v., 
 promitto, recipio, s. (foil, by inf.), id. 
 Phil. ;, 18, 51. 2. despondeo, 2. 3. 
 promitto, isi, issum, i : v. to promise. 
 
 4, confirmo, i : to v. with an oath, 
 jurejurando c. (foil, by inf.), Caes. B. G. 
 5, 27 : v. to declare. 
 
 vowel : vocalis (sc. litera) : a hiatus 
 caused by v.s coming together, quasi 
 hiatus concursu voailium, Cic. Or. 2}, 77. 
 
 voyage (subs.) .- l. navigatio : 
 
 / learned from your letter the course of 
 your v.s, ex tuis Uteris cognovi cursuin 
 n. tuarum.Cic. Fani. u, 68, I : the island 
 is a day's voyage J rom the mainland, in- 
 sula a continente diei navigalione abest, 
 Plin. J7, 8, ;2. 2. cursus, us (the 
 course of a sh ip at sea) : sv^h a storm 
 suddenly arose that none (of the ships) 
 could continue its v., tanta tempestas 
 sublto coorta est ut nulla earum (na- 
 vium) c. tenere posset, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 28 : if he has seen ships on the direct v. 
 to Rhodes, si naves in c. Rhodum pe- 
 tentes videril, Cic. Off. i, 12, 50: the 
 island is one day's v. off, insula abest 
 diei cursu, I'lin. 4, 1 ;, 27. P h r. : as yet 
 my voyage has been pleasant, though 
 slow, ego adhuc magis commode quam 
 strenue navigavi, Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1 : two 
 persons icho had commenced their v., duo 
 quidam quum Jam in alto navigarent, 
 (were in the open sea), id. inv. 2, 51, 15 } : 
 persons starting on a v., portu solventes, 
 id. Mur. 2, 4 : thfy began their v., a terra 
 solverunt, Caes. B. C. j. loi : v. to sail. 
 
 voyage (''•) •• niivigo, i • Dionysius 
 was v.ing to .Syracuse, Dion3'sius n. 
 Syracusas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 8j ; v. to 
 SAIL, and g e 11. to travel . v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 voyager : 1. vector, oris (a pas- 
 senger) : Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 27. 2, pere- 
 grin a tor, oris : V. traveller. 
 
 vulgar («"b».) : 1. viilgus (volg.) 
 n. : the judgment of the n'ise man is at 
 variance with that of the v., sapientis 
 Judicium a Jndicio v, discrepat, Cic. 
 Brut. 53, 198 : the profane v., profanum 
 v., Hor. Od. J, 1, I. 2. multitudo 
 (the many): he wlio depends mi the false 
 opinions oftheignorant u., qui ex errore 
 pendet imperitae m., Cic. Off. i, 19, 65. 
 3. plebes (plebs) : a crowd of the 
 v., multitudo de plebe, Liv. 5, jg. 
 
 vulgar (adj.) : I. Pertaining to the 
 multitude, general : 1. vulgaris, e : in 
 all arts not in v. and general use, in 
 omni arte cujus usus v. communisque non 
 sit, Cic. Fin. j, 1, j. 2. commiinis, e: 
 v. G en eral, common : J o i n : c. et vu 1- 
 garis, Cic. 3. iisitatus : v. ordinary, 
 USUAL. II. In bad sense: lacking re- 
 finement, low, in bad taste : 1. perh. 
 plebeius: though rve seem to you v. and 
 beggars, quanquam nos videmur tibi 
 pleb. et pauperes. Plant. Poen. j, i, 12. 
 2. sometimes may be expr. by 
 ineptus (wanting in tact, vulgarly 
 ostentatious, etc.) : ineptus, quod non sit 
 aptus, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17 : one man is 
 somen hat v. and loud-tongued, i. et jac- 
 tantior hie pauUo est, Hor. S. i, j, 49. 
 3. inconcinnus (xvanting in grace, 
 a'cknard) : boorish and vulgar rough- 
 ness, asperitas agrestis et i., Hor. Ep. i, 
 18, 6. 4. sometimes agrestis, e ( clown- 
 
 ish): one class of men is ignorant and 
 v., alterum hominiim genus indoctum et 
 a., Cic. Part. 25, 90. Join : agrestis et 
 inconcinnus. 5. sometimes insulsus 
 (without taste) : Cic. g, Inurbanus 
 
 (boorish): Cic: v. rude, boorish. 7. 
 sordidus: v. low, mean, base. 
 
 vulgarity: best gen. word perh. 
 ineptia (usually in pi. : senseless want 
 of taste) : Cic. : v. rudeness, boorish- 
 NESS. Phr. : expr. with od;. : v. preced. 
 art. 
 
 vulgarly: |. Commonly: vulgo: 
 
 v. COJIMONLY, GENERALLY. ||. In bad 
 
 sense ; 1, inepte (tastelessly) : v. 
 
 TASTELESS. 2. rusticg : Cic. 3, per- 
 vulgate (after the manner of the people) : 
 p. dicere, Gell. 
 
 vulgarize : 1. vulgo, i : let them 
 not V. the honours of the magistrates, 
 honores patrum ne v., Tac. A. ii, 2J, 
 fi'n. 2. pervulgo, I : to v. the re- 
 
 wards of merit by bestowing them on 
 ordinary persons, praemia virtutis in 
 mediocribns homiuibus p., Cic. Inv. 2, 
 J9. In- 
 vulnerable : quod vulnerari, quod 
 vuliiiis accipere potest, after Cic. and 
 Liv. (e Kr.) : Phr.: elephunls are 
 most V. under the tail, elephanti sub 
 caudis maxime vulnera accipiunt, Liv. 
 21, 55 (e Kr.): v. to wound. 
 
 vulnerary : vulnerarius : a v. plas- 
 ter, v. emplastrum, Plin. 2}, 4, 40. 
 
 vulneration : vulneratio : cic Cae- 
 cin. 16, 47. 
 
 vulpine : I. vulpinus : Plin. 28, 
 11,47. II, Fig.: astutus, callidus, 
 
 VersUtUS : v. CRAFTY. 
 
 vulture : |, P r o p r. : 1. vultur 
 (volt.), uris : carcases which v.s did not 
 touch, radavera iiitacta a v., Liv. 41, 21, 
 med. : Virg. Aen. 6, 597. 2. vultiirius 
 (volt.) : like v.s, they scent their prey be- 
 fore, quasi v. prius praedivinant quo die 
 esuri sint. Plant. True. 2, }, 16 : Lucr. 
 II, Fig.: a rapacious person : 1, 
 vultur : to what v. will this be a prey f 
 cujus V. hoc erit cadaver? Mart. 6, 62. 
 4: Sen. 2. vultiirius: the v. in com- 
 mand of their {nominee, v. illius pro- 
 vinciae, Cic. Pis. 16, j8: id. Sext. a, 71. 
 
 3. harpyia (o harpy) : Sid. Ep. ;, 7. 
 
 4. harpago (lit. a grappling-hook) 
 Platit, Trin. 2, i, 1} : v. rapacious. 
 
 vulturine: vultannus(volt.): Plin.: 
 Mart. 
 
 w. 
 
 WAD (subs.) : for a gnn : perh. 
 * fartura : or use * stuppa, xyli- 
 num, lana, according to the material em- 
 ployed. 
 
 wad ("•) •• I. To line with a soft 
 material: Phr.: to w. a cloak, * pal- 
 lium lana (.xylino, etc.), inferciie, den- 
 sare, introrsus obducere: v. to line. 
 II, To stuff: farcio, infercio: v. to 
 stuff. 
 
 wadding : I. For a gun : v. wad. 
 II. A soft material for lining, etc. : 
 * lanugo xylina condensata ad vestes 
 inferciendas, obducendas. 
 
 waddle : P h r. : to 10. like a duck, 
 *anatis in modum incedere, (Kr.). (No 
 known single word : vacillare is simnly 
 to red, stagger, as a drunken man). 
 
 wade : no single word : expr. by 
 per aquam, per vada ire, incedere, etc. 
 I^hr. : to w. througli the sea, pedibus 
 pontum per vada transire, Lucr. I, 2ol : 
 to w. across a river, fiumen vado trans- 
 ire, Caes. B. G. i, 6: to iv. about a 
 l-agune, stagnum vadis pervagarl, Liv. 
 2f), 45, ad fin. : to 'c. right through the 
 lagiuie to the city, medio stagno evadere 
 ad nmenia, ib. extr. : far one day's march 
 they had to w. through water of un- 
 certain depth, unius diei itinere per in- 
 certa vada emergendum fuit, Fieinsh. 
 Curt. 2, II, med. Fig.: to w. through 
 slaughter to a throne (Gray). *per cae- 
 dein ac funera ad regnum grassari, p<3r- 
 venire.
 
 WADERS 
 
 WAINSCOT 
 
 WAIT 
 
 waders : on order of Hrds : 'gral- 
 latores (lit. stilt-wal leers) : Cycl. 
 
 wafer : I. (^dinmy : perh. 
 
 •pastlllus signatorlus, or crustulum 
 signaturium (Kr.). Phr. : as thin as 
 a ?('., adiiiirabili tenuitate : or simply, 
 praetciiuis: v. thin. ||. Sa/,"ranuiital : 
 ♦oblatji (S(;. hostia): Scrr. Eccl. (Kr.): 
 •paiiib eucharisticus (this last lerni 
 being suited to indicate tlie lum-sacri- 
 ficial doclrine of the Sacrament) ; Scrr. 
 Jiccl. (Kr.). 
 
 waft : f <ii"o, porto, transporto (to v. 
 acrusf) : velio, traiisvfiho (to w. across) : 
 sul)v6lio (to tr. upuaids), etc. : v. TO 
 
 BEAi:, CAURl, CO.NVKV. 
 
 wag (nubs.) : 1. j6ciiiator : Cic. 
 Att 4, 16, ad init. 2 deilsur (one 
 given to mock and banter) ; vhat a "•. 
 you alivai/s mil be, ut tu semper eris 
 derlsor, Hnr. S. 2, 6, 54. 3. lifiino 
 feslivus (a meifii person): a vealthy 
 old man and merry w., liKuples et fis- 
 tivus senex, Cic. Att. 4, 16, ad init. 
 4. riduUlUB: our young men now 
 make ptnniless ics keep their distance, 
 juventus Jam r. inopes ab so scgregat, 
 I'l. Uapt. J, I. 10: they don't value iv.s 
 at thrKf. uiiciae, neque r. terunci facliiiit, 
 lb. 17. Al.so, homo ridiculus: if any 
 man uants a n:, si r. hominem quaerat 
 quispiam, I'l. Stich. i, j, 17. 
 
 wag (''•) I. Trans.: moto, 
 
 quasNj, m6veo : v. to movk, shakk. 
 Phr.: to w. the tail, leniter atterere 
 caudam, Hor. Od. 2, 19, ji. ||, In- 
 trans. ; moveor, agitur, etc.: v. to 
 SHAKE, iiitrans. 
 
 wage («•) •' P li r. : to w. war, bellum 
 gerere (the most gen. term) : he v.d 
 raany tiars most successfully, bella 
 niiilta felicissime gessit, Cic. Kep. 2, 9, 
 15 : they ic. war unceasingly, continenter 
 belltum geruiit, Caes. B. <i. 1, 1 : of the 
 aggres>or, to u: war against, inferre 
 alicui bellum, arma, etc. : v. war. 
 Fig.: to »■. perpetual war against, 
 •hnmoriali odio, ira, etc., persequi. 
 
 wager (subs.) .- 1, sponsio : o 
 
 hoW tc. (as to the issue of a combat), 
 audax sponsio, Juv. 11, 200: to win a 
 !v.. spoiisione vincere, IMacr. Sat. 2, ij, 
 cuifm. : to offer a w. that the green will 
 not II in, sponsione provocare si prasinus 
 palniam (habet), Petr. 70, extr. (ed. 
 Burm.). Sponsio is often used of a kind 
 of n\ in Roman laic-courts ; to chalhnge 
 to a w., sponsione lacessere, C'ic. Verr. j, 
 57, i}2 : to iiin, lose a w., spoiisioiiem 
 vincere, sponsionis condemnari, Cic. 
 Caec. JI, 91. 2, pignus, oris, n. 
 (strictly the stake): they lay any v'. 
 that it is S., quovls Sabiimm pignore 
 esse contendunt. Cat. 44, 4. P h r. : to 
 offer w. of battle, * provocare ad piig- 
 iiam : V. TO challenge. 
 
 wager (".) .• 1. spondeo, spopondi, 
 sponsum, 2: / w. that the green loins, 
 spondeo (or, sponsione provoco) ni 
 prasinus palmani habet: I to. that the 
 green does not nin, sp. si prasinus, etc. : 
 cf. Burm. ad Petr. 70. 2. sponsione 
 provoco, lacesso: v. wagkii (subs.). 
 
 wages : I. *f "• labourer, soldier, 
 etc. : 1. merces, edis. /. ; workmen's 
 w., fabrorum m., Cic. Verr. i, ;6, 147: 
 to support poverty by the w. of manual 
 iabouc, nianuummerccde iiiopiam tuler- 
 are. Sail. C. J7 : yooil. fair w., merces 
 magna, digna, aequa, Cic. : low, px>r ic, 
 m. parva, iniqua, ("\c.: to pay v., mer- 
 cedem tribiiere, Cic. Fam. {, 10, 4 ; 
 dare, id. I'hil. 2, n, 4?; persolveie, id. 
 Dom. 9, 25 : to receive ic, m. accipere, 
 id. Rose. Am. 29, 80: hit,h w. ate 
 offered to us by you, magn;i ni. pro- 
 posita est nobis a te, i I. y. Fr. 3, j, 
 ad fin. : Laomedon deprived the g<ids 
 of their promisid w., I.,aonied n des- 
 titult deos niercede pacta, llor. Od. j, 
 }, 21: to raise, Ioutt w., *nu'ic('dem 
 augere, minuere: having loitered the 
 players' wages, mercedibus scenicorum 
 recisis. Suet. Tib. J4. 2. manupre- 
 tiun> (price of /iantiiioor.v, as dis- 
 tinguished from value of material) : 
 give me the gold, I will pay the wcn'k- 
 men't w., ccdo mi aurum, ego m. dabo, 
 
 PI. Men. }, J, 20. (This word is also 
 written separately manus pretium. I.iv. 
 J4' ■)•) 3. slipendium (commonly of 
 soldiers' ir.): v. i-av. ||. Kig. ; any 
 reward, recompense, etc. : merces, pre- 
 tium, praemiiim v. reward. ||J, 
 Fig.: ina liad scn.se.puriis/imCTit ; 1. 
 (rarely) merces : w. ol folly, ii-merita(is 
 m., Liv. !9. 55. 2. stipendluni: Die 
 IC of sin is death, s. peccali mors, Vulg. 
 Rom. vi. 2;. 3. poena, suppllcium: 
 
 V. PUNLSHMKNT. 
 
 waggery ; ^^My sayings .- 1. 
 facetiae : / have often sei-n n-it and w. 
 do much in court, raultum in causis 
 saepe lepore et facetiis prolici vidi, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 54, 219. 2. festiviias: a 
 pattern of our old native tc, imago anii- 
 quae etvernaculae festivitatis, Cic. Fam. 
 9, 15, med. 3. liidus, Jiicus, etc.: v. 
 I'UN. iiANTER. 4. * verba, dicta Jocosa 
 Oie-rs,'.). 
 
 waggish : dicax, jocosus, festivus, 
 ridiculus, etc. : v. wao. 
 
 WaggishneSS: I. '[he quality of 
 being ivaygish ; 1. di'-acitas (implies 
 banter, smart attack: significat ser- 
 monem cum risu aliquos iiicessentem, 
 •Jiiint. 6, }, 21) a sluirp and short style 
 of wit (reparter) is callid w., peracutum 
 et breve geims faeetiurum dicacitas 
 nominata est, Cic. de Or. 2, 54. 218. 
 
 2. festivitas (implies less raillery, 
 more playfulness): Cic. ||, H'aggish 
 sai/ings: v. waggery. 
 
 waggon : 1. carrus (four- 
 
 wheeled,for soldiers' baggage): tliey re- 
 solved to buy a number of beasts of 
 draught and w.s, constiterunt Jument- 
 orum et carrorum numeruin coemere, 
 Caes. B. G. i, j. 2. plaustrum (most 
 gen. term for a w. or cart for agricul- 
 tural pu7pose.'!) : thronm into a w., in 
 plaustrum coiijectus, Cic. Div. t, 27, 57 : 
 the Eleusinian mother's sloiv rolling w.s, 
 tarda Kleusinae matris volventia plau- 
 stra, Virg. G. I, i6j. 3. sarracum : 
 the fir tree suays as tlie w. comes, corus- 
 cat sarraco veniente abies, Juv. j, 255. 
 4, veliiculum (gen. term for a con- 
 vei/aiwe, but used of military baggage- 
 ics) : W.S and camp-followers mixtid, 
 j mixta vehicula et lixae, Tac. H. 2, 41, 
 od fin. 5. plostellum (a little w., 
 toy-w.): to harness mice to a to., plo- 
 stello adjungere mures, Hor. S. 2, }, 247. 
 waggoner: 1. *carrl, plaustri 
 
 ductor, agitator (this last poet., cf. Virg. 
 (J. I, 27!)- 2. plaustrarlus : Ulp. 
 
 3. biibulcus (if waggon be in the 
 context) : he met the w. at the gate and 
 asked him what "OS in the waggon, bu- 
 bulco praesto fuit ad portam: qu:iesivit 
 e.\ eo quid esset in plaustro, Cic. Div. i, 
 27. ;7- 4. vecturiirius (a public 
 carrier) : to snjtply oxen to the w.s, dare 
 boves vectnrariis, Cod. Theod. 5. 
 *qiii pro mercede vecturas facit (Kr.). 
 
 wagtail; "' bird: motacilla (quia 
 caudam motat) : Varr. : Plin. : Linn. 
 
 waif ; I. ^'f things : ic.s and 
 
 strays: *re3 abjectae, res quas m mo 
 vindicat : of persons : a to. and stray, 
 *ignotus et erro. ||. In a legal sense, 
 goods thrown away by a thitf to secure 
 escape: *Jactura (cargo thrown over- 
 board to save a ship). 
 
 wail (subs.) : V. WAILING. 
 
 wail ('••)•• 1. ploro, I: they w. 
 when and how thy please, quo volunt 
 plorant tempore quoque modo, Ov. A. A. 
 5, 291. 2. plango, nxi, cluni, j. 3. 
 fleo, vi, turn, 2 : v. to lament, to weei'. 
 
 wailing: 1. pioratus. us. 2. 
 planctus, us. 3. fletus, us: v. la- 
 mektation. 
 
 wain: I. '^'- waggox. ||. The 
 
 constellation Charles' w.: 1, plau- 
 strum : Bootes had turred his w. with 
 pole aslant, flexerat obliquo plaustrum 
 temone Bootes, Ov. JI. 10, 447. 2. 
 sarraca, orum ; the w. of slow Bootes, 
 pigri sarraca Bootae, Juv. 5, 2 J. 
 
 wainscot : no exact equivalent : 
 
 1. perh. tabulamentum, Front, or 
 
 tabiiiritio, Caes.: Vltr. (these, however, 
 
 are rather used of Jlooring). 2. r"""'''*. 
 
 etis, m., (partition wall). 3. abaci 
 
 (panels). The Roman rooms were usu- 
 ally adorned with painiintig or mosaic 
 work, or slatw of maible or mirrors: cf. 
 Plin. i;, 12, 4$. See Smith's Ant. p. 
 719. 
 
 waist : no sinele word : expr. by 
 •media pars corporis, medium corpus: 
 the n: of a ship, 'media pars navig, 
 media navis. P h r. : with a girdle 
 round the ic, zona cinctus, PL Cure, i, 
 I, 5 plunijed up to the w., •medio tenu* 
 corpore immersus. 
 
 waistcoat : 1. cClOhium (a sleeve- 
 less tunii): .Serv. ad Virg. A>n. 9, 616. 
 2. Biibiicula("c/m uniler tfie tunic): 
 there is a thnadljar'- <• . Ijeneath a glossy 
 coat, trita subncula subest pexae tunlcae, 
 Hor. S. I, I, 95. ( I be Roman articles 
 of dress do not correspond to the 
 modem, v. Smith's Anu p. 1015.) 
 Phr.: a flannel ic. thorax laneus, Suet. 
 Aug. 82: a strait -w., perh. tunicA 
 molesta, .Mart. 10, 25 to punish with a 
 strait-w., tunica punire molesta, Juv. 8, 
 
 2J5: V. STUAIT-WAI.-TC'OAT. 
 
 wait (subs.): Phr.: to lay ic, to 
 li^. in IC for, alicui insidias faccre, pon- 
 ere, struere, insidiari : v. ambikii. 
 
 wait ("•) •■ I. 'I'o stay, not to dtrpart 
 from : 1, maneo, nsl, iisum, 2 (the 
 most gen. word): / ic: meanwhile J Sfe 
 no one, maneo, Interca nemim ra video, 
 Ter. Andr. 2, 2, 26 : "•. .' you don't /.-noio 
 yet, mane ! nondum etiam scK Ter. 
 Andr. 4, i, J4: v). awhile'. [KiuUlsper 
 mane, Ter. Ad. 2, ?, 4; : to w. llirre days, 
 manere tridunm, Ter. Ph. }. 2, 4 : to w. 
 for any one, to iv. till he comes : he will 
 i«. for the uncle to come, mansurus est 
 patruum dum advenlat, Ter. Ph. j, i. 
 It). 2. oppgrior, rtus, 4 (generally, to 
 w. till soiM thing lujpprns which there is 
 reason to expect ; to w. by appointment) : 
 I am iv.ing in Arcanum tiU I hear from 
 you cm this.ego in Arcano opperior dum 
 ista cognosco, Cic : go in, w. for me there 
 abi intro : Ibi me opperire, Ter. Andr. }, 
 2, 4} : I w. for no laggard, nee tardnm 
 opperior, Hor. Kp. I, 2, 71: to ic (bide) 
 one's time, opperiri tempora sua, Liv. i, 
 56, ad fin. 3. ex^ipecto, i (implies a 
 mental feeling, hope or wish to see) : like 
 the countryman lie wj for the rirer to 
 run dry, rusticus expectat dum defluai 
 amnis, Hor. Ep. i, 2, 42: to w. till the 
 storm passes, cxspectare transliuin tem- 
 pestatis, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2 : to v. the i.'^ue 
 of the fight, exspectareevenlum pugiiae, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 49: with a part.: w.ing 
 impatiently while my companions were 
 dining, exspectans baud animo aequo 
 cenantes comites, Hor. S. i, 5. 8: with 
 a rel. clause : he u-as w.ing (to see) what 
 plan the enemy vsmld take, cxspectahat 
 quid hostes consllii cap<'rent, Caes. B. G. 
 J, 24 : / am w.ing (lo see) if you say 
 cnytlting, exspecto si quid dlcas. Pi. 
 Trin. I, 2, 61. 4. praestolor, i (to ic 
 1 IJ readiness, used csp. of servants) : tchm 
 should w. for you armed at the forum, 
 qui tibi ad lorum praeslolarentur armati, 
 Cic. Cat. I, 9, 24: with ace in other 
 writers: for vhom w. you, larmenot 
 qucm praestolare, Pamicno.' Ter. Eun. 
 5. 5. 5- 5. aucupor, i (to tc and 
 watch): we meant to w. for calm seat, 
 nos Iranqulllitates aucupturi eramus, 
 Cic. AtU 6, 8, 4: to IC ('liJe) otus time, 
 tempus aucupari, Cic. Ro-c Am. 8, 24. 
 II. To trait on or upon : 1. f.\- 
 niillor, I (as a domestic stTt^an^) : / 
 vould tc upon you as handmiiid, lamu- 
 larer tibi serva, Cil. 64. 161. 2. 
 minlstro, i (to w. at table): the slaves 
 tc, servi mmislrant, Cic Pis. 27, 67; 
 Ganymede w.ing t'pon (the gods) u-itK 
 ci'jX«iGanyme<ies pocula miiii>lrans, Cic. 
 N. II. I, 40, 112. 3. appareo, 2 (to tc 
 on a magistrate as lictur. clcr\; etc.) : to 
 w. on the consuls, ap|>arere consulibus, 
 Liv. 2, 55, ad init.: these w. near the 
 throne of Jove, haec apjiarint ad solium 
 Jovis, Virg. Aon. 12. 8iO. 4. con 
 veiiio.vf-ni, vemum. 4 (.-imply, to visit): 
 J'o.'tumia w.'d u}km me, Postumia me 
 convenit, Cic. Piv. 4. 2, I. 5. siiluto, 
 I (as cli-nt on painm) : Curtius cante 
 to w. upon me, Curlius venit salutandi 
 9^1
 
 WAITER 
 
 WALL 
 
 WALLOW 
 
 causa, Cic Att. ij, 9, i : v. to saidte, 
 ATTEND. Phr. : to w. upofi any one 
 ■with anything, aliquid alicui offerre, de- 
 feire, v. to offrk : to keep any one %v.- 
 ing, moram facere alicui, Cic. SuU. 20, 
 58 : in mora esse a., Ter. Andr. j, i, 9 ; 
 
 V. TO DELAY. 
 
 waiter : I. t^''^ ^^° waits, an 
 attendant, servant : 1. minister : 
 
 Jove's rhrygian iv. (cup-bearer). Jovis 
 Phryglus minister, Mart. 12, 15, 7. 
 2, puer : bring water for my 
 hands, w., cedo aquam manibus puer, 
 PI. Most- I, J, i;o: we have three w.s 
 at tahle, cena ministratur pueris tribus, 
 Hor. S. I, 6, 116. 3. servus, famiilus : 
 
 V. SERVANT, ATTENDAKT. A ftniole W., 
 
 waitress : niinislra, famula, ancilla, v. 
 MAID-SERVANT. { I'he waiting at table 
 was not assigned to women, but to 
 men or boys.) ||, A tray : ferciilum : 
 
 V. THAT. 
 
 waiting: I. -^ staying, remain- 
 ing : 1. niansio : it', is the safer 
 course, cautior est niansio, Cic. Att. 8, 
 15,2- 2. exspectalio (waiting for) : 
 hnpe is aw. for good, spes est exspecta- 
 Uo boni, Cic. Tusc. 4, 57, 80. 3. mOra 
 (fjelay): a tedious w., longa mora, Ov. 
 
 M. 9, 134: V. DELAY. ||. A W. upon : 
 
 1, ministgrium : v. attendance. 
 
 2. salutatio, ofFicium(qf acJte«<).- 
 V. salctation. Phr.: to be in w., ap- 
 pSrere : v. to watt (II.). 
 
 waive ; 1. rfimitto, misi, missum, 
 i-.tow. private enmity in fa voter of pub- 
 lic good, remittere privata odia publicis 
 utilitatibus, Tac. A. I, ip, med. : used 
 absolutely : the tribunes v.ing the right, 
 remittentibus tribunis, Liv. j6, 7. 2. 
 concedo, ssi, ssum, i : to w. candidate- 
 ship in favour of any one, concedere 
 petitionem alicui, Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 4. 3. 
 decedo de {depart from) : to w. a right, 
 decedere de jure, Cic. Rose. Am. 27, 75. 
 
 wake (subs.) : \, A watch, esp. 
 ore solem,n occasions: pervigilium, vi- 
 gilia: V. WATCH. II. A ivatch by a 
 corpse (ill Ireland): *funebre pervigi- 
 lium, f. vigilia. III. The wake of a 
 thip: *tractus aquarum a tergo navis : 
 you. toill see a loi^g line of /lame glisten 
 white in the (falling) star's w., * videbls 
 8tellae flamniarum longos a tergo al- 
 bescere tractus. Phr.: to follow in tlie 
 %vake, "sequi pone, a tergo; subsequi: 
 
 ▼. TO FOLLOW. 
 
 wake («■)•■ A. Trans. : 1. e.x- 
 eito, I : to w. any one from sleep, e 
 Bomno aliquem excitare, Cic. Rep. 6, 12 : 
 to u>. from the dead, a mortuis e., id. de 
 Or. 1, 57, 245. 2. suscito, i: to w. 
 any one from sleep, e somno aliquem 
 8., Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44 : he w.s the silent 
 Muse, suscitat tacentem Musam, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 10, 19. 3. exsuscito, i : the 
 
 crowing of the cocks w.s you, te gallorum 
 cantus ex., Cic. Mur. 9, 22. 4. ex- 
 pergefacio,fecl, factus, ; : w.d from sleep, 
 cxpergefactus e somno. Suet. Cal. 6 : 
 Fig.: if you could w. yourself, si te 
 expergefacere posses, Cic. Verr. 5, 15, 
 J8. B. Intrans. : 1. exjiergis- 
 cor, perrectus, } : if you sleep, w., si 
 dormis. expergiscere, Cic. Alt 2, 2J, ad 
 fin. : Fig.: why then w. ye not ? quin 
 igitur expergisciminl ? Sail. C. 20, ad 
 fin. 2. expergefio, factus : see above. 
 
 3. somno solvor (to be loosed from 
 sleep) : he departed, I woke, ille disces- 
 sit, ego somno solutus sum, Cic. Rep. 6, 
 26, 29. Phr.: between sleeping and 
 waking, semisomnus, semisomnis, Cic. : 
 Liv. : Tac. : v. TO awakk. 
 
 wakeful : 1. vTgil : w. before 
 twirise, prius orto sole viizil, Hor. £p. 
 3, I, II}: w. candles, vigiles lucernae, 
 id. Od. J, 8, 14. 2. exsomnis. e (skep- 
 Itss) : Tisiphone guards the vestibule w. 
 night and day, Tisiphone vestibuUmi 
 insomnis servat nociesque diesque, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 556. 3. Insomnis, e : apples ill- 
 guarded by the to. dragon, poma ab in- 
 somni male custodita dracone, Ov. M. 
 9,190. 
 
 wakefulness : 1. vigilantla (power 
 <ff keeping avxike) : he possessed extreme 
 to., erat summa vigilantla, Plin. £p. i, 
 9JI 
 
 5, 8. 2. insomnia (inability to sleep) ; 
 he was made restless by w., incitabalur 
 insomnia, Suet. Cal. 50 : usu. in pi. : cf. 
 neque insomniis neque labore fatigari, 
 Sail. C. 27 : insomniis carere, Cic. Sen. 
 
 n.44- 
 
 walk (.subs.) : I. The act of walk- 
 '"9 •■ 1. ambulatio -. to finish the 
 
 afternnon's w., ambulationem postmeri- 
 dianam conficere, Cic. Fin. 5, i, i. 2. 
 deambiilatio : this w. has tired me, haec 
 d. me ad languorem dedit. Ten Heaut. 
 4, 6, 2 : (for distinctions between compds. 
 of amb., V. to walk). 3. ambula- 
 tiunciila (a short w.) • our little w. and 
 talk together, ambilliitiunciila et sermo 
 noster, Cic. Fam. 2, tz, 2. Phr.: to go 
 outfin- a HI., abire ambulatum, Pi. Mil. 2, 
 2. 96: let us take a «>., eamus deain- 
 bulatum, Cato ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 6}, 256. 
 \\. The plcwe of walking : 1. ambu- 
 latio; Cic. 2. ambulacrum: PI. 3. 
 ambiilatiuncfi.j : a covered w., tecta 
 ambulatiuncula, Cic. Att. ij, 29, 2. 
 4. spStium : tlie w.s of the Academy, 
 spatia Academiae, id. Fin, 5, 1, i w.s 
 marked off by columtis, spatia inter- 
 stincta columnis, Stat. S. }, 5, 90. |||, 
 Manner of wallcing : incessus, iis, in- 
 gressus, us : v. gait. |V. Course on- 
 path of life, pursuit : * vitae status, 
 conditio : also expr. by studium : v. 
 
 PUR-SDIT. 
 
 walk (i>.) : I. To go afoot, as 
 
 opp. to riding : pedes ire, incedeie ■ 
 let the consul ride drawn by hoises, 
 Nero, even if he walked afvot, xvould be 
 glorious, iret consul equis, Neroneni 
 etiam si pedes incedat niemorabilem 
 fore, Liv. 28, (),adfin. ||. of leisurely 
 going : 1. ambiilo, i : to w. in the 
 sun, in sole ambulare, Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 
 60. 2. deambiilo, i (to w. up and 
 
 down) : to w. on the shore, deamb. in 
 litore. Suet. Aug. 96. 3. obambulo, i 
 (to If. to and fro before) : soldiers iv.iny 
 before the rampart, milites obambulan- 
 tes ante vallum, Liv. 2;, J9, med. 4. 
 inambiilo, i (in a limited space) : I was 
 w.ing about indoors, inambulabani donii, 
 Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5. 6. pSranibiilo, i (to 
 IV. through, over) : to iv. the fteUts, rura 
 perambulare, Hor. Od. 4, ;, 17: to i«. 
 the stage, crocos floresque p., Hor. Ep. 2, 
 J. "79- 6. spatior, i (to w. abroad, in 
 open space) : to w. in a coh/nnade, spa- 
 tiari in xysto, Cic. Opt. gen. j, 8. Where 
 the English might use to walk the Latins 
 use various words to e.xpress the manner 
 of walking: 1. gradior, ingrgdior (q/ 
 composed and deliberate stepping) : he 
 ivill w. to his death confidently, fidenti 
 animo gradietur ad mortem, Cic. Tusc. 
 1,46, no. 2. incedo, cessi, cessum, j 
 (of majestic advance) : the minstrel w.s 
 through the city, incedit tibicen in urbe, 
 Ov. F. 6, 65} : cf. ego (Juno), quae 
 divom incedo regina, Virg. Aen. i, 46. 
 3. vado, si, sum, j (of bold, cheer- 
 ful, determined, advance) .- Soa-ates w.s 
 boldly to prison, Socrates vadit in car- 
 cerem, Cic. Tusc. i, 40, 97. 
 
 walker: 1. pedes, itis, m. (as 
 opp. to rider) : 2. ambulans, deam- 
 bulans, qui ambulat, deambulat, inam- 
 hulat, Cic (e Kr.). 3. ambulator, 
 
 (only used contemptuously of o loun- 
 ger), Cato, R. R. 5, 2 ; fern, ambu- 
 latrix, id. 14J, i ; 0/ o walking pedlar. 
 Mart. I, 42, J. Phr. : a good w., *pedi- 
 bus acer, tirmus : a fast, slow w., *pedi- 
 bus alacer, tardus. Or expr. by pedes 
 iiter, etc. 
 
 walking : 1, ambulatio ; Cic. 2. 
 inamljiilatio (a w. to and fro on the 
 rostra as a rhetorical artifice): Auct. 
 Her. J, 15, 27. 3. obambaiatio (of 
 numbers w.ing about) ■ the crowd arid 
 frequent w. to and fro of men, Ire- 
 quentia et obambulatio houiinum, Auct. 
 Her. J, 19, ii : v. walk. 
 
 wall (subs.) : 1. nmrus (the most 
 gen. word; in sing, oi any line of wall, 
 whether across country, round a town, 
 or of the outer wail of a house ; in 
 plur. of city walls) : Caesar builds a 
 H'oH across from L. I^man to Mt. Jura, 
 Caesar perducit murum a lacu Lemano 
 
 ad montem Juram, Caes. B. 6. I, 8 : th« 
 w.of a town, murus oppidi, id. B. G. 7, 
 46: about the house iv. I leave given 
 orders to Philotimus, de muro iniperavi 
 Philotimo, Cic. Att. 2, 4, 7 : buildings 
 not ivith conim,on partiHim w.s, but each 
 with its own outer w., aediljcia non 
 communione parietum sed propriis 
 quaeque muris, I'ac. A. 15,45: the w.s 
 of a city, muri urbis, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 
 94. F i g. : be tfew your brazen w., hie 
 murus aeneus esto, Hor. Kp. i, i, 60: 
 laws the bulnarks and k>.s of quietness. 
 leges propugnacula murlque tranquilli- 
 tatis, Cic. Pis. 4, 9. 2. moenia, ium 
 (tv.s of a town, ramparts) : most lofty 
 W.S, altissima moenia, Caes. B. C. j, 80 : 
 to fence xrith w:s, urbem m. sepire, Cic. 
 Sest. 42, 91. Fig.: w.s (sides) of a 
 ship, moenia navis, Ov. M. n, 552: w.» 
 of the world, moenia mundi, Lucr. i, if. 
 3. macgria (a low w. of mud, rough 
 sto7)es, or the like ; such as bound the 
 fields in North Wales or Yorkshire): a 
 u\ without nwrtar, of rough stones and 
 flint, m. sine calce ex caementis et silice, 
 Cato, R. R. 15 : aw. in a garden, m. in 
 horto, Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 10 . they had built 
 before them a w. six feet high, niace- 
 riam In aUitiidinem se.\ pedum prae- 
 duxerant, Caes. B. G. 7, 69. 4. paries, 
 glis, m. (partition w. between rooms or 
 houses in the same row) : / (wofce 
 through the w. in that room, perfodivi 
 parietem in eo conclavi, PI. Mil. 2, i, 
 64 : 'tis your risk when your neighbour's 
 w. is aflame, tua res agitur paries quum 
 proximus ardet, Hor. Ep. i, 18,84: the 
 w.s of a tower, parietes turrls, Caes. B. C. 
 2,9. Phr.: fallen-down ws, parietlnae, 
 Cic. Tusc. i, 22, 5J : to bwhi a w., 
 murum (moenia, etc.) aedificare, Ov. 
 M. II, 204: ducere, perducere (ex- 
 pressing esp. the length of w.) -. Cic. : 
 Caes.: cxstruere (to raise): Cic; Tac: 
 Caes. : instruere (to put in order the 
 materials) < Caes.. Tac: v. to build: 
 to pidl doum a w., m. destruere, Cic. : 
 \'irg. : diruere, !'er. : Cic ; to surround 
 a city with w.s, moenibus urbem cin- 
 gere, Ov. M. 4, 58 : moenia urbi circum- 
 dare, moenibus urbem circumdare (both 
 constructions frequent): Liv.: Caes.: 
 Tac. . to batter w s with a ram, quatere 
 m. ariete, Liv. 21, ad fin. : (erire. Sail. .J. 
 76 ; to make a breach in u\s, perfringere 
 muros, Tac. H. j, 20; through the breach 
 in the w. they burst in, per apertura 
 ruina iter perruperunt. Liv. ^i, 46, ad 
 fin. : to mount w.s, in moenia egredi, 
 Tac. H. 4, 29. Fig.: to go to the to., ced- 
 ere, etc. ; v. to yield : the weakest 
 must go to the w., *cedat necesse est 
 validiori debilis. 
 
 wall (■"•)•■ munio, 4; to wall (fortify) 
 a place, munire iocum, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 29 : to w. in a ioron, urbem muro sepire, 
 Cic. * claudere, concludere ; to w. off, 
 *muro dividere : to wall up, *saxis (late- 
 ribus, etc.) concludere. 
 
 walled : 1. miinltus : strongly 
 
 w. towers, bene munita templa, Lucr. 2, 
 7. 2. muris, etc., cinctus, circuni- 
 datus ; V. Phr. under wall, and to 
 wall. 
 
 wallet : 1. pera ; an old man 
 with staff and waUet, cum haculo pe- 
 raque senex. Mart. 4, 5 { ; Jupiter has 
 loaded us rvith two w.s, peras imposuit 
 Jupiter nobis duas, Phaedr. 4, 10, i : ct 
 Cat. 2, 21. 2. mauiica : we see the 
 w. on the back before us, praecedenti 
 spectatur mantica tergo, Pers. 4, 24. 
 3, saccus (a beggai 's scrip or w.) : 
 I -may go outside the gate to hold my w. 
 (to beg), extra portam ud saccuiu ilicet, 
 PI. Capt. I, I, 22. 
 
 wail-flower: 1. *Cheiranthus 
 
 Cheiri: Bot. 2. pallens viOla (^pro- 
 
 bably), Viig. E. 2,47. 3. perU. •luU-a 
 viola. 
 
 wallow : 1. volutor, I : tJie sow 
 delights to w. in a muddy pond, sua 
 gaudet coeno.so lacu volutari. Col. 7, 10, 
 6. Fig.: whom we find ii:ii,g h-ad over 
 ears in mire, qui m in luto volutatum 
 tolls corporis vestigiis invenimus, Cic 
 Verr. 4, 24, 53 : to to. in every kind 0/
 
 WALNUT 
 
 WANT 
 
 W AN TI HG 
 
 vrickedness, v. in omni genere scelerutn, 
 Cic. Fam, 9, j, med. 2. v61Qto ine : 
 
 I'lin. 
 
 walnut : 1. jQglans, dis, /. ; of 
 the fruit : w.-thells, juglaiidium puta- 
 mina, Cic. 'I'usc. 5. jo, 58: of llie tree : 
 the shade o/u'.-tree*, Jugluiidlum umbra, 
 Pliii. 17. 12,18. 2. nuxjuglans: I'lin. 
 (both ot fruit and tre^). 3. *juglaiis 
 regia (of the tree) ■ Linn. 
 
 walrus : * pliOca (a se^l), Cquus ma- 
 riniis, vacxa marina ((jeorges gives 
 *orca, wliich is more prob. yraiitinin). 
 [NoTK. — I'he modern scicniilic name is 
 Triclicchiis Kosmarus.] 
 
 waltz {sahs.): 1. •saltatio In 
 
 gyruni(tbi' danci- itself). 2. *numeri 
 ad qiios salialur (Die music). 
 
 waltz ( "•) ■ * ^altare in gyrum : •lente 
 variare gyros (Kr,). 
 
 wan: 1. pallidas : a w. crew (of 
 
 ghosts), pallida turba, Tib. i, 10, }8. 
 
 2. fxsangnis, e (bloodless) : the ic. 
 
 shadds, exsaiigues umbrae, Virg. Aen. 6, 
 
 401 : V. PALE. 
 
 wand : 1. virga : striwk with a 
 golden u'., aurea percussus vlrga, Virg. 
 Aen. •;, 190. 2. virgula: to draiv a 
 line round any one with a it'., virgula 
 allquem circumscribere, Cic. I'bll. 8, 8, 
 2J. 3. vimeti, inis, «. : soothing ni(h 
 Lethaemi ic, Lethaeo vimine nnilo'ns, 
 Stat. Th. 2, JO. 4. caduceus (,IA r- 
 cury's or any herald's ir. or slaft'): 
 furnished iritU a lienild's w., caduceo 
 omalus, Cic. de Or. i, 46, 202. 
 
 wander : 1. erro, i (to w. as one 
 tvho has lost his vay, to w. forlorn) : 
 vie w. ignorant of the men and plaix, 
 Ignari hominumque locorumquc erra- 
 mus, Virg. Aen. i, jjj: to v\ an exile, 
 errare exsul, Cic. Clu. 62, 17; : it is ill 
 to 10. then in Libya's lonely wilds, male 
 turn Libyae solis errat ur in agris, Virg. (i. 
 J, 249 : tu.ing stars, errant^s stellae, Cic. 
 Kep. I, 14, 22. Fig.: the mind iv.s, 
 errat animus, Lucr. ;, 464. 2. vagor, 
 I {to w. at your oicn will, to ramble, 
 roam): birds ir.in;/ hither ami thither, 
 volncres buc illuc vagantes, Cic. iJiv. 2, 
 j8, 80: Ino in.'d through the earth, luu 
 terras vagata est. Prop. 2, 28, 19. Fig. : 
 the mind w.s in error, vagatur errore 
 animus, Cic. Off. 2, 2, 7 : to w. from the 
 subject in u-ritivg : am I therefore tow. ' 
 idclrcone vager ? Hur. A. I'. 265. 3. 
 palor, I (to )'■. dispersed) : n e seek our 
 w.ing comrades, quarrimus palantos co- 
 mites, Liicr. 4, 577 .- the troops vi. 
 through the fields, agmen palatur jjor 
 agros, Liv, 27, 47, ad fin. : w.ing stars, 
 palantia sidera, Lucr. 2, loji. K i g. : 
 w.ing and lacking reason, palantes ac 
 rationis egento.s, Ov. M. 15, 150. Krro, 
 vagor, palor, may be Ibus distinguished ; 
 errare is involuntary, of one n ho mis- 
 takes, or u at a hss ; vagai i is voluntary, 
 oi one who strays uni entrained, or roies ; 
 palari \s of numl>ers, nho straggle, scat- 
 tered by fear, or some cause: hut they 
 are often coupled : vagari et errare, Cic. 
 de Or. I, 48, 209: Hor. Kp. i, 12, 17: 
 errare el palantos viani f|uaerere, Lucr. 
 2, 10 vagi palantnr. Liv 5, 44. 
 
 about : ot>erro, I : to w. about 
 
 the tents, tentoriis oberrare, Tac. A. i, 
 65, in it. 
 
 around : 1. clrcumerro, 1 : 
 
 Sen. 2. circiimvSgor, 1 dep. : Vitr. 
 
 away from : 1, aberro, i : the 
 
 hoy ir.'d away fnnii his father, puer 
 aberravlt a patre, I'l. Men. prol. ;i : 
 the speech w.sfrimt thepnirU, ah eo quod 
 propositum est alH'rrat oratio, Cic. Caec. 
 19. 55- 2. deorro : to v; a. f. his 
 
 father, a patre d., I'l. Men. 5, 9, 54: to 
 It'. a.f. the truth, a vero d. 
 
 in : inorro, 1 : to w. in the moun- 
 tains, inerrare monlibus, Plin. Ep. 
 1, 6. 
 
 over, through : 1. pSrerro, i ; 
 
 Virg.: Ov. II(.r. 2. pervagor, i dep. : to 
 w. over tlie whole mn-ld, pervagaii orbem 
 terraruni, Liv. j8, 17. 3. pi!ragro, 
 I (of willing irandenng) : bees to. 
 through uoeds, apes peragrant silvas, 
 Virg. G. 4, ? ?. P b r. : to let the eyes 
 tvaiuier: *oculos negligenter clrcum- 
 
 ferre, Incertas hue atque buc acies 
 circumftrre : cf. Virg. Aen. 5, 558. 
 
 wanderer : erro, Onis, »«. .- fend our 
 w. home, erronem remittite nostrum, 
 Ov. H. 15, 5}. 
 
 wandering (.adj.) 1. errabundus : 
 to yo II-. thniugh a tiouse, donnim erra- 
 buiidus pervagari, Liv. 1. 29 n: foot- 
 steps, enabunda vestittia, \'irg. L. (j, 58. 
 2. va};us : a scattered and n . mul- 
 titude, dlspersa et vaga mullltudo, Cic. 
 Rep. I, 2 J, fin. : w. in mind, vagus 
 aninii. Cat. 6;, 4. 
 
 wandering (subs.) .- l. error, oris : 
 a 1". of citizens, error clvium.Cic. Kep. 2, 
 4, 7 : ir.s on the sea, pelagi errores, Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 53 2 : a w. of mind, e. mentis, Cic. 
 Att. }, 1 J, 2. 2. erriitiis, (is: driven 
 about in long w.s, longis crrutibus actus, 
 Ov. M. 4, 566. 3. erratio : there is no 
 chance or vk, all is order, nee fortuna 
 nee erratio inest, omnia ordo, Cic. N. D. 
 2, 21, 56. 
 
 wane (»"J>s.) .■ P b r. : to be <m the 
 xvane, decrescere: v. to wank. 
 
 wane C^"-) • 1. dCcresco, evi, turn, 
 } : oysters uax and w. with the moon, 
 ostreae cum luna pariter crescuni pari- 
 terque decrescunt, Cic. 1)1 v. 2, 14, JJ : 
 the w.ing day, decrescens dies, Plin. 2, 
 59, 63. 2. sfinesco, nui, } : when the 
 moon is w.ing, senescente lima, Varr. 
 R. R. I, J7, I : to w. in repute and 
 strength, senescere fama et viribus, Liv. 
 27, }• 3. tabesco, bui, } : the days 
 may ivax long and the nights ic, crescere 
 licet dies et tahescere nodes, Lucr. 5, 
 680. 4. niinuor, tum, j: the lights 
 IC, luces minuuntur, Lucr. ;, 681. 
 
 waning (subs.) : 1. demlnutio : 
 a waxing and v: of the (niuou's) light, 
 aicrctio et deminutio luminis (lunae), 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 28, 68. 2. di-cres- 
 
 ceiitia : vj. of the moon, lunae d. Vitr. 
 
 wanness : pallor, oris: w. and n^n- 
 ter possess the place, pallor biemsque te- 
 nent locii, Ov. M. 4, 4 56 : the w. of lovers, 
 pallor aniantiuni, Hor. Od. ;, 10. 14. 
 
 want (*""''*'■) •■ 1. \'ii''uiirht. (a being 
 without, a sicarcity), mostly followed by 
 a yn. of the thins needed: w. of Jood, 
 penuria cibi, Lucr. 5, 100; : of water, 
 aquartim. Sail. .J. 17: of good citizens, 
 civium bonorum, Cic. Brut, i, 2: ic/i«- 
 Iher there be abundance or w. of money, 
 copiane sit pecuniae an peimria, Cic. 
 Inv. 2, J9, 115: absolutely, of tvant, 
 scarcity: to support temporary ic, p. 
 temporum susiinere, Col. 9, 14. 17. 2. 
 inOpia (resourceles.imess, the opposite to 
 opes or copia) : xv. of money, argenti in- 
 opia, PI. Cure. 2, j, 5;: if corn, frumenti, 
 Sail. J. 91 : of remedy, remedii, Tac. A. 
 U, 57: to compare plenty with w., 
 copias cinn inopia conferre, Cic. Cat. 2, 
 II, 24 to supply w., ferreopem inopiae, 
 PI. llud. ;, 2, J : to lessen w., inopiam 
 lenire. Sail. J. 91 : a time of w. and 
 /ami»(e, iiiopia et fames, Cic. Off. }, 12, 
 50: to support w., i. tolerare. Sail. C. 
 !7. 3. (•gestas (extreme iv.) : poverty 
 or rather extreme w. and beggary, pau- 
 perias vel potlus egestas ac mendicitas, 
 Cic. Parad 6, i, 45: pressing w., urgens 
 egestas, Virg. G. i, 146: w.of food (star- 
 vation), e. clhi, Tac. A. 6, 2?, init. : of 
 pastui aye, pabuli. Sail. .T. 44. 4. de- 
 fectus, us (11 ant of what has been and 
 is 710W gone. Jail ure) : w. of milk, d. 
 lactis, I'lm. 20, 2!, 96. 5. diifectio: 
 «'. of sti enylh, viriuni, Cic. de Sen. 9, 29. 
 6. difficultjis (distressing. jierpUx- 
 ing to.); w. of money, ditlicultas imm- 
 niaria, Cic Verr. 2, 28. 69: <>/"twn, rei 
 fiunientariae, Caes. li. G. 7. 17. 7. 
 angustiae, arum (straitened circum- 
 stances) : w. of public money, angustiae 
 pecuniae pubiicae, Cic. Kani. 12, 30,4: 
 w. of breatli, a. spiriius, Cic. de Or. }, 
 46, 181 : to fall into w., decidere In 
 angustias. Suet. Claud. 9. 8. dfsi- 
 derium (a feeling of the w., generally of 
 things lost, longing for): the natural 
 II'. of food and drink, cibi potionlsque 
 desideriuni naturale, Liv. 21, 4, m<fd. ; 
 V. DF.SIKK. Pbr. : to be in w, egere : 
 V. TO WANT: to be ojtpressed by w., 
 inopia afflcl, Cic. Att 6. }, 2: "inopia 
 
 laborare, preroi to fall into to, ui 
 Inopiam, difBcultates, incidert-, delabi, 
 Cic. . in w. : inops. egenus, etc. r 
 POOH. The want of qualities may ba 
 expr. by neg. coni|ids. to. oj hatnl, m- 
 solentia ■ w. of experunce, Inijurii la. 
 
 want (o): 1. cireo, 2 (to I- nith- 
 out, of s(jmetblng desirable) : (« 1/ . a 
 gift, carere niunere, Virg. Aen. s, 651 
 tliey w. a poet, csirent vate, Hor. Od. 4, 9, 
 28: to w. the companiimtliip of frieniU, 
 carere consuetudine umicurum, Cic 
 Tusc. 5, 22, 6}. 2. C-g<-o, 2 (to fetl 
 Hie w. of, to need for a given pui-pote) : 
 with abl. usually : importation of Ihingi 
 which we w., invecllo reruni qnibua 
 egemus. Cic. Off. 2, j, ij : to t". < i,r$ tn 
 order Oi see, oce.lis ad cemendum eg.-re. 
 Id. N. I). 2, 57, 14}: with j;oi. : you to. 
 (Jiave no) shame, puduris eges. PI. Am. 
 2, 2, 187: to w. help. e. auxilii, Caea. 
 B. G. 6. 11: used absolutely : that I 
 should be in wealth, the thuuUl 10., roe 
 in divltiis ess<-, lllara egere. PI. Trin. 
 i, 2. 57. 3. i'ldlgeo, 2 (fr< be in tore 
 w., generally stronger than egeo) : / 10. 
 your advice, indlgeo tul Oitisilii, Cic. 
 Att. 12, J5, fin.: my youth «'.» their 
 good opinion, niea adoleK-eniia indiget 
 illoruni lx)na existimation. . id. lUitc. 
 Com. i;. 44 : tow. gold and silver, auri, 
 argenti, indigere, id. Sull. 8, 25. 4. 
 desidero, 1 (to regret the alis^nce of, to 
 long for) : I w. you, desideramus t*. 
 Cic. Fam. 16, i,.(in.; to to. (ordy) a ruf- 
 ficiency, desiderare quod satis est, Hor. 
 
 Od. J, 1, 25 : V. TO DKSIRK, To MISS. 5. 
 
 requiro, isivi. Slum, } (to think neces- 
 sary to an end) : I tee not vihat the 
 happy man ws to make him happier, 
 qui beatus est, non intelligo quid re- 
 quirat ut sit bealior, Cic. Tusc. ;, 8, 
 2{ : great mental endowments are w.'d, 
 magnae animi virtutes requimntur. Id. 
 Manil. 22, 64. 6. ^"'Oi '"'. velle, j irr 
 (to wish for) : come out ; I w. i/t/u, e.\i le 
 volo. PI. Capt. 5, 2, 24 : what do^Ji hr w. 1 
 quid vult? Ter. Andr. i, 2, 1} : what do 
 you w. me to do? quid vis faclani. Ter 
 F.un. 5, 8, 24 : you w. me to W"p, vi.< ni* 
 ttere, Hor. A. P. 102 : / w. you fc) defend 
 me, tu velim nos defendas, Cic. Fam. 15, 
 },extr.: v. to wish. 7. aveo, 2 ^to 
 10. eagerly) : I w. extremely to know, 
 \ valde aveo scire, Cic. AtL 1,15. Pbr.: 
 there w.s but little, pauluin deest, abe^t, 
 constr. with quin and ccnj., or with 
 ad : there w.'d little to comyltte suc- 
 cess, paulum defuit ad sunmiam felicl- 
 tatem, Caes. B. G. 6, 4?: v. wantin); • 
 it w.s but an hour of noon, •merldleg 
 una tantuni bora abest : things wanttd, 
 res necessariae : Cic: Liv. 
 
 wanting: I. Defective: vitidsua, 
 piVrum idoneus: v. UF.FECTIVE, Failty; 
 «'. i7i prudence, power, etc. : imprudens, 
 impotens, etc. ||. To be w. : 1. de- 
 sum : of persons that he might not tte 
 v: to the occasion, iie tempori deesset, 
 Liv. 21, 27, ad fin. : of things; money 
 was «'., argentum deerat, Ter. 2, 1,69; 
 one to uhom nothing it w., is cui nihil 
 desit, Cic. Rep. I, 17. 28. 2. a'Jsum: 
 / teas IC. to (/ai7<J) -4i//rotiiii.':, abfui 
 Autronio, Cic' Plane. 5. 14 history is 
 yet w. to our litt ratine, abest bistoria 
 lltleris nostrls. Cic Ia%. i. 2. 5. 3, 
 deflcio, eci, ctum, i (tofaiTjf: to be ic. 
 in the fight, pugnando deticere, Caes. 
 B.C. 2, 6: /(' ii/i"m strength is ic.quem 
 vires deticlunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 50. 4. 
 deBo, eri : milk is not u: to me, lac mihi 
 non delit Virg. K. 2, 22. Pbr. : to be 
 found u:, •improbarl, proliationi (\aruin 
 sali^faeere, in iruiiiia levior evadere- 
 he is neighed in the ba/niif and found 
 , w., apjvnsus e,«t in sUitera ei invenlua 
 '■ est deticiens, Vulg. I>an. v. 27. H'an<- 
 ' ing may also be expr. by the foil. : 
 (1) 6pus est • personally . t« w. a 
 1 leader, dux nobis opus est. Cic. Fam. 2, 
 16,4: iniivrs. : lee le. j/'""" authority, 
 o. e. nobis auctoritate tua. id. Fam. 9, 
 I 25, fin.: with part. : haste if w.d, ma- 
 ' turato o. e, Liv. 8, 1 1, ad fin. .- with 
 gen. : money was w.'d argiiiti o. fuit, 
 id. 2}, 21. (2) fisus est my .-on xo.s 
 tweidij minae, usus est fillo viginti minis, 
 9Ji
 
 WANTON 
 
 WAR-CRY 
 
 WARDROBE 
 
 PL Asin. 1,1, 76. (3) necesse est (of ur- 
 jent w.) : a thing which ynu hy nn mtans 
 lO.'d, quod libi minime in-cesse full, Cic. 
 
 Sull. 7, 22 • V. NECKSSARY. 
 
 wanton (atij-) •• 1. Ubidinosus 
 
 (se7isual, of sti-ong passimi) ; a most w. 
 man, homo libidinosissinuis, Cic. Verr. 
 2, ■;8, 192 : a w. youth, 1. adolescentia, 
 id. Sen. 9, 29. 2. impudlcus (un- 
 chaste) : lu. women, impudirae mulleres, 
 id. Cat. 2, 5, 10. 3, lascivus (some- 
 times in a bad sense, but more often 
 playful, giving ths reins to s-portiveness, 
 and used fig.) : w. damsels, I. puellae, 
 Ov. A. A. I, 52J : w. young lambs (or 
 calofs), nova proles lasciva, Lucr. i, 
 261 : »". (luxuriant) ivy, 1. hederae, 
 Hor. Od. I, 36, 20. 4. protnrvus 
 
 (foriiard) : u\ Satyrs, protervi Satyri, 
 Hor. A. I*. 2JJ : w. grinds, p. venti, Hor. 
 Od. I, 26, 2. 5. petiilans (pert, saw:y, 
 mischievous) : a w. strumpet, petulans 
 nonaria, Pers. i, l(j. Phr. : a w. life, 
 *vitain liliidines effusa, libidinibus de 
 dita: to be or nax ir., lascivire: Cic, 
 Liv., and in Quint, freq. of language 
 fig. : lu.xuriare or lu.xuriari : thf Jluck is 
 w., lu.xuriat pecus, Ov. F. i, i;6: that 
 their miuds might tint wax w. through 
 ease, ne Uixuriarentur olio animi, Liv. 
 I, 19, med. : to inflict u; injury, * in- 
 Joriam ultro, de industria, iiiferre: a 
 w. (unprovoked) outrage, *cuntumelia 
 ultro in aliquem jacta. 
 
 wanton (sabs.) : meretris, scortnm; 
 
 V. PROSTITUTE. 
 
 wanton ("•)■• 1. lascivio, ii, Uum, 
 4 : the lamb w.s, agnus lasci\ it, Ov. M. 
 7. J 2 1. 2. luxurio, I : v. wanton 
 
 wantonly : 1. libidinose : Cic. : 
 
 2. lascive: Mart. 3. proterve: 
 
 4. petiilanter: Cic. 5. ultro. For 
 
 distinctions of sense v. wanton. 
 
 wantonness : 1. libido, inis, /. .- 
 
 the "'. of aniiuals, libido animantiuni, 
 Cic. Off. 1, 17, 54: of fortune. Sail. C. 8. 
 
 2. lascivia; in sport and w., per 
 lusum atque la.-iciviani, I.iv. i, 5, init. 
 
 3. protervitas : pleasing i"., grata 
 p., Hor. 0(1. 1, 19,7. 4. pfitiilantia: 
 w. of youug mtn, p. adolesceiitium, Cic. 
 Sen. II, j6. 
 
 war (subs.): 1. bellum : discord 
 at home and tc abioad, discordia domi 
 et bellum foris, Liv. 2, 41, iyiit. ; an 
 army is levied for two w.s ai once, ad duo 
 simul bella exercitus scribitur, id. 2, 45. 
 med. Uses with adj. : foreign w., bu-l- 
 lum externum, Liv. : Tac. : civil, in- 
 testine w., b. civile, intestiuum, douies- 
 ticum, Cic. : Tac. . Caes. : w. hy land, *b. 
 terrestre, pedestre (cf. Cic. Sen. 5, i}): 
 w.bysea,b.nava.\e : Cic: *b. maritimuni 
 (Georg.) : ojf'ensive w., *b. ultro inferen- 
 dum (of w. yet to be begun), b. ultro illa- 
 tum (if w. already begun) : w. of exter- 
 mination, to the knife, b. internecinuni, 
 Liv. 9, 25, extr. : Cic. Phil. 14, }, 7 : regular 
 w. (as opposed to guerilla naif art, etc.), 
 justum b., id. Cat. 2, i, i : w. with or 
 against any one, is expressed either by 
 preps., cum, in, contra, adversus, accord- 
 ing to the verb used, or by an adj., as : 
 w. with the slaves, servile b., Cic. : ttnth 
 the Gauls, Gallicuni, Caes. : w/ife pirates, 
 piraticum, Plin. : w. (cmitest) with the 
 tribunes, b. tribunlcium, Liv. },24. The 
 place of the war is e.xpresscd by preps. ; 
 in (of countries), apud (near, of lakes, 
 towns), circa Qrnund, esp. if a town be 
 beleaguered) : thus, b. in Italia, apud 
 Mutlnam, Regillam, circa Numantiani 
 gpstum. Or an adj. is used : the w. in 
 Ulyria, b. lllyricuiu. W. for one's 
 country, b. pro patria : n: for religion, 
 sacred w., *b. pro religionibus, pro sacris 
 gestum. Conmion uses with verb : to 
 intend tv., belluia meditari, cogltare: to 
 seek occasion of v., * bellum quaerere 
 (Georg.) : to prepare tv., b. parare, com- 
 parare (of the gathering of the forces), 
 Cic. : Liv. : apparare, Nep. : adornare, 
 instruere (of the arrangeme^H and pro- 
 visimiing, etc.), Cic. : to threaten )«., b. 
 minari, niinitari, denuntiare (this last 
 not to declaie, o>mp. Cic. Off. i, 11, j6, 
 denunciutum ante et indictum, first 
 934 
 
 threatened and duly declared, with Cic. 
 Phil. 6, 2, 4) : to declare w., b. indicere 
 (of a formal declaration tlrat the to. is 
 begun) : I and the Roman peopls (hi 
 therefore declare and begin w. against 
 the Latins, ob eair. rem ego populusque 
 Konianus Latinis b. indico facioque, Liv. 
 I, }2, fin. : used also fig. : I declare w. 
 against my stomach, ventri indico b., 
 Hor. S. 1, 5, 7 : to decree w., decernere 
 (of the senate), jubere (of the people), 
 Liv. 41, 7 ; to stir up w., b. raovere, 
 comniovere, concitare, excitare . to be- 
 gin w. : b. inchoare, incipere, suscipere 
 (to lake yji) : Cic. : Liv. : Tac. : to take 
 part in w., b. capessere : to induce others 
 to take part with himself in a w., ad 
 bellum secum capessendum incitare, 
 Liv. 26, 2;: also c. partem b., id. 31, 28: 
 to take in hand w., sumere (rare, and 
 implies SI ime cUoice or wilful taking : cf. 
 Tac. Hist. 4, 69) . rousexi by this they all 
 chose w., bis instincti sumpsere uni\ersi 
 bellimi, Tac. Agr. 16 : to go forth to w., 
 take the field, in b. proficisci, Liv. : Caes. : 
 to wage w., b. gerere (coiuraonest word, 
 both of general and soldiers), facere, 
 agere, Cic. : Liv. : Caes. : to conduct w., 
 administrare (of the general) : Cic. : to 
 wage w. against, b. inferre alicui, bello 
 persequi, lacessere (of the aggressor) : 
 Cic. . Liv. ; to maintain a w., b. sus- 
 tiiiere : Cic: to protract aw.,h.lTahere, 
 ducere : Cic. : Liv. : Caes. : to end a w., 
 con&cere, perficere, Cic. : Caes. : com- 
 ponere (by mutual arrangement) : Tac: 
 Nep. : ponere, deponere (to lay aside) : 
 Liv.: lac: patrare : Tac: Sail, (an 
 emphatic word, not thought refined by 
 Quintilian, Inst. 8, j, 4) : to nearly end a 
 w. by a masterly stroke, profligare b. : 
 the w. being virtually ended and weU- 
 niyh out of our sight, bello profligato ac 
 paene sublato, Cic. Fam. 12. ;o, 2 (cf. 
 Flor. 2, 15, 2, who says of the three Punic 
 wars considered as one struggle, primo 
 tempore commissum est bellum, profli- 
 gatum secundo, tertio vero confectimi). 
 In w., bello, belli tempore : in w. and 
 peace, pace belloque, domi belloque, 
 domi bellique, or, in reverse order, belli 
 domique, etc. 2. arma, orum (arms) : 
 in peaee rather tluin in w., pace potius 
 quam armis, Liv. 5, J5, extr. : civil vo., 
 civilia arn)a, Cic Fam. 2, 16, ; : let w. 
 yield to peace, cedant arma togae, id. 
 Off. I, 22, 77 : and in many phrr. arma 
 may take the place of bellum, esp. in 
 poetry or oratory. 3. militia (mili- 
 ta}-y service) : great Icnowledge of w., 
 militiae magna scientia. Sail. J. 6^ : at 
 home and in w., domi militiaeque, Cic. : 
 I/iv. 4. tiimultus, iis (a disturbance, 
 w. suddenly breaking out, esp. near 
 Rome) : beyond the troublous tv. of Gaul 
 and Italy, extra tumultum Gallicuni 
 Italicumque, Cic. Phil. 5, 19, 5J: cf.il). 
 8, I, 2. Phr.: the art of w., res mili- 
 taris, disciplina militaris, bellica, Cic. : 
 arts, manoeuvres, of to., artes belli, Liv. : 
 man-of-w. (a w.-ship). navis longa: v. 
 ship: to put the army on a tv.-footing, 
 *exercitum instruere omnibus rehns ad 
 belli usum iiecessaiiis (Kr.): to put the 
 ii'ivy on a w.-footing. classem expedire 
 atque instruere, Hirt. B. Al. 25 : the w. 
 tvas ended bji a single battle, uno proelio 
 debellatum est, Liv. 2, 26. extr. -. a wordy 
 ?«., rlxa, Jurgium: v. quarrel. 
 
 war ("•) ■■ 1. bello, I: to w. against 
 the Romans, adversus Ilomanos bellare, 
 Liv. 9, 42,,/m. 2. bellTggro, l : to tv. 
 against neighbouring tribes, adversum 
 accolas belligerare, Tac. A. 4, 46 : / had 
 to w. n-ith fortune, cum fortuna bel- 
 ligerandnm "fuit, Cic. ad Quir. post Redit. 
 
 8. 19 : V. WAR. 
 
 war-cry : 1. clilmor, oris (with 
 
 some epithet, or where the context 
 ^hew8 a cry of tvar to be meant) : to 
 raise a u\, clamorem tollere, Caes. B. G. 
 ?, 22: the Romans tv. nas of one tone, 
 the others' a discordant din, congruens 
 clamor Ronianis, dissonae illis voces, 
 Liv. JO, J4, init. 2. uliilatus, us (a 
 wild w. or ivar tvhmp of the Gauh) .• to 
 raise a to., u. tolliie. Caes. B. (i. 5, J7. 
 3. baritus, iis (the w. of the Ger- 
 
 mans, a kind of war-song) : by the re- 
 peating of their song u'hich they call 
 baritus, they Jire their Jury, carminum 
 relatu, quem baritum vocant, animos 
 accendunt, Tac. Germ. j. 
 
 war-horse: 1. equus miiitaris: 
 Nep. Eum. 5, 4. 2. equus bellator 
 (more poet^ : Tac. Germ. 14 (e Kr.). 
 
 -office or -department: *con- 
 
 siliiim res bellicas ciirans, admii. .^irans: 
 *curia, tribunal, consilium rerum belli- 
 carum (Kr.). Phr.: the administration 
 of the tvar-oflice, *rerum bellicamm 
 administratio (Kr.). 
 
 warble : 1. mSdalor, cano, etc. : 
 V. TO srNG. The idea of w.ing may be 
 nearly given by liquid us . the birds JUl 
 the place with w.ing voices, volucres 
 liquidis loca vocibus opplent, Lucr. 2, 
 14; : tremiilus : cf. tnmulum gnttur, 
 of a bird's throat in Cic. Div. i, 8, 14. 
 
 2. perh. vibrisso, j (explained by 
 Fest. " vocem in cantando crispare"). 
 
 3. fritinnio, 4 (to twitter, of small 
 birds) : w.ing young, pulli fritinnientes, 
 Varr. in Non. 7, 15. 
 
 warbler : mMulator, cantor, etc. : 
 
 v. SINGKR, SONGSTRESS. 
 
 warbling (subs.) : cantus, iis, mddi, 
 niinieri : v. song. Phr.: clear w.s, 
 liquidae voces, Lucr. : thrilling w.t, 
 
 * tremulae voces. 
 
 ward (subs.) ; I. In fencing : 
 
 * Ictus propulsatio. ||, Safe-keeping : 
 custodia : v. custody. |||, One under 
 a guardian: puplllus, piipilla: he said 
 t'nat w.s of either sex tvere a very safe 
 prey, pupillos et pupil las certissimam 
 praedam esse dictitabat, Cic. Verr. i, 50, 
 IJI- IV. A division of a town : 1, 
 rggio: liome is divided into fourteen 
 iv.s, in quattuordecim regiones Roma 
 dividitur, Tac. A. 15, 40 : he divided the 
 whole city into w.s and streets, spatium 
 urbis in regiones vicosque divisit, Suet. 
 Aug. JO : (the vicus was a definite sub- 
 division, smaller than our nard, as, 
 perhaps, the regio was larger). 2. 
 paroecia (a paris/i) : Scrr. Eccl. 
 
 ward (.^'-J •• '''o «'■ <"■ fceep off: 1. 
 arceo, 2 : you will u'. him off from your 
 altars, hunc a tuis aris arcebis, Cic. Cat. 
 I, IJ, }} : he w.'d off the foe from Gaul, 
 hostem arcuit Gallia, id. Phil. ;, ij, 57 : to 
 tv. off' the gad-fly from cattle, arcere oes- 
 trum pecori, Virg. G. j, 155 : to w. off a 
 blow, plagara arcere, Ov. M. }, 89. 2. 
 defendo, di, nsum, j : to iv. off blows, 
 defendere ictus, Caes. B. C. 2,9: to w. 
 off wrong, d. injurlam. Cic. Off. j. 18, 74: 
 fi7-e is tv.'d off from the roofs, ignis de- 
 lenditur a tect'is, Ov. R. Am. 625 : to w. 
 off summer heat from goats, d. aestatem 
 capellis, Hor. Od. 1, 17, J. 3. pro- 
 pulso, I : to tv. of an enemy, propulsare 
 hostem, Caes. B. G. i, 49 : to tv. off 
 danger, p. periculum, Cic. CIu. 52, 144. 
 
 4. averto, ti, sum, i (to avert) : 
 which my friends could not tv. off from 
 me, quod non poterant avertere amici. 
 Prop. }, 24, 9. 5. amoveo, movi, 
 motum, 2 (to keep far aicay, remove) : 
 the Forcian law w.s of blows from 
 citizens, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 12. 6. 
 caveo, cavi, cautum, 2 (to beware of, 
 guard against) : to tv. off a blow, ictum 
 c, Lucr. 6, 406 ; c. vim, Tac. A. ti, i. 
 
 warden : custos, odis : v. keeper, 
 guardian. Phr.- w. of the Cinque 
 Ports, *quinque portuum custos, pro- 
 curator : tv. of a college, *collegii prae- 
 positus. roagister, praeses. 
 
 warder : I. -^ sentinel, guard t 
 1. exciibitor: the for ts tvere secured 
 by u.s, castella excubitoribus teneban- 
 tur, Caes. B. G. 7. 69. 2. vigil: v. 
 watchman. \\_ a keeper of prisoners : 
 custos, odis : I will keep you under a 
 cruel tv., saevo te sub custode tenebo, 
 Hor. Kp. I, 16, 77. 
 
 wardrobe : I. ™« P^« to keep 
 clothes : area vestiaria (clothes chest) : 
 Cato R. R. II, J vestiiiriuui : Plin. 
 II. The clothes themselves : ves- 
 tiarium. Col. i, j, 17 : or use vesti- 
 menta, oriim. vestes, etc. v. clothes. 
 The tv. (dresses) of a theatre, vestis 
 scenica, choragium (Georg.).
 
 W A K D S U I r 
 
 W A K N I N G 
 
 WARRANT 
 
 Clc. N. D. 2, 15, 40. 2. ciiefUcio (0/ 
 
 a greater degree of Keat): to lo. t^ 
 
 . I botly, ad calclacieiidura corpus, id. N. 1>. 
 
 2 ''•'cuVaiVo':"ct. use of curator , 2, 60, 151 : htarts w/d {lofury) by Uit 
 
 wardship: I. Gvardianthip -. 
 
 1. tutela : to come under «•., in 
 tutelam pirvenirf, Cic. Kosc. Com. 6, 
 16 ~ ' ' 
 
 in Hor Kp l i 102 ; and v. Smilli's me<«e, calefacla lonia luiuullu. Virg 
 Ant li? '11' ■•^tate 0/ pupilaye : Xl-u. 11, 2(x). 3. foveo, lovi, folum, 3 
 •papillaris aeta "status, or, perh.,tutela : (to iv. by yrvnoting internal orantnuii 
 
 •pupillari 
 
 V. GUARDIAN.SHII'. 
 
 ware or wares: 1, merx, cis,/..- 
 
 good w. easily lind a purchaser, piulja 
 merx facile eniptorem reperit, \'\. I'ocn. 
 
 1, J, 12B; w. far sale, venales merces, 
 Hor. Kp. 2, 2, 1 1. 2. mercimoniuni : 
 in buying aiid selling x'., i" nierci- 
 moiiiis euiundis vendundisiiiif, I'l. Am. 
 prol. I : I'', in titojis. iiiercimoiiiiim in 
 tabemis, Tac. A. 15, j8. 
 
 warehouse : 1. * mercium re- 
 ceplaculum, liorrcum, cella. rig.' that 
 town icas o m. for your pjumlei , illud 
 oppidum rea'placulura libi pr.n-iiai' luit, 
 Clc. Verr. 5, 2j. 59. 2. taberna (a 
 ihop). Cic: Liv. : I'ac. 
 
 warfare: militia, bellum, res bel- 
 
 llca: V. WAR. 
 
 warily : provid<', cjiute, circuni- 
 specte, I onsid^rate, diliRenter: v. waky. 
 I' h r. : t" go w. lo ivork, •circumspuctius 
 agere, rem iractare. 
 
 wariness: 1. cautio: w. and 
 
 timidity, cautio et timiditas, Cic. de Or. 
 
 2, 74, joo. 2. circuraspeciio (a care- 
 ful looking round, to avoid possible 
 dangers)- w. and tliouylUJulness, c. et 
 conslderatio, id. Acad. 2, 11, J5- 3. 
 sagacitas (a keenness that makes one 
 alive to dinger): v. SAGAcrrv, acutk- 
 NESS. P h r. to proceeil with ic, cau- 
 tionera adbiljere, oumia circumspicere, 
 
 ac. 
 
 warlike; 1. militaris, e: w. 
 matters, res militaris, Caes. U. G. I, 21 : 
 a manly and w. mien, habitus corporis 
 virilis ac militaris, Liv. 28, i$. 2. 
 belUcosus (0/ 10. disposition) : t«. ti-ibes, 
 gentes b.. Cic. Prov. Cons, u, }}■ a 
 more 10. year (mare abounding in wars), 
 bellicosior annus, Liv. 10, 9, ad Jin. 
 
 3. bellicus : w. matters, res b., Cic. 
 
 4i belliger: 10. nations, belligerae 
 gentes, Ov. Tr. ?, II, i J. P li r. : things 
 have a w. appearance, omnia belli 
 speclem tenent (after Liv. ;, 41): the 
 political horizon nears a w. aspect, * res 
 ad arma spectant ((ieorg.). In the gen. 
 sense of twld, courageous, fierce, etc., 
 ferox, acer, strenuus, etc., may he equi- 
 valent of warlilce, esp. in poetry. 
 
 warm {adj.): |. Lit.: 1. 
 
 calidus (implies considerable heat): a 
 w. day, dies c, Virg. : w. water, aqua 
 c, Cic, or simply calida or calda, Plm.: 
 a w. bath, balneum calidum, Plin. : or 
 if many bathe together, thermae, Plin. 
 to bathe in w. water, calida lavari, 
 Plin. : w. springs, aquae calidae, Liv. ; 
 o fountain cold by day, w. by night, 
 fons luce diuriia frigidus, et calidus 
 noclurno tempore, Lucr. 6, 850. 2. 
 
 tepidus {just IV.. defined by .Seneca, 
 Ep. 92, 1 9, as inter frigidum et calidum) : 
 w. water, aqua t., Plin. ■ a w. breeze, 
 aura l., Ov. : a w winter, hiems t., 
 Plin.: tv. milk, tepidum lac, Ov. M. 7, 
 247. 3. fervidus (extremely w., hut) : 
 thj'. v. beams if the sun, fervidi ictus, 
 Hor.Od. 2, 15,9. II. Fig.: I'hr.: ic. 
 in my j/oiit/i, calidus juventa, Hor. Od j, 
 14, 27 ■ u\ language, fervida oratio, Cic 
 Brut. 7}, 288: w. friendship, loue, ami- 
 citia intinia, amor iiitlmus, Nep. : a w. 
 imagination, *cjilidior, acrlor quaedam 
 vis imaglnandi : he is my warmest 
 friend, ilium liabeo amicorum prin- 
 cipem, Cic. (e Kr.) : a w. patriot, *stu- 
 diosissimus patriae defensor, propug- 
 nator {Kr.) : tliere was iv. work (in 
 fighting) there, acriter in eo loco pug- 
 natum est, Caes. B. G. 2, 10. To be w. ; 
 tgpere, calere, fervgre (ace. to the degree 
 of warmth) : to becinne w., tepescere, 
 calescere, lervescore. 
 
 warm (v.) •. |. T r a n s. : to maJ;e 
 warm. 1, t€p6faclo, feci, factum, } 
 (to bring from coldness to moderate 
 vxirmth) : the mm not only iv.s Die earth 
 but often burns it, sol non raodo tepe- 
 facit solum, sed etiam saepe coniburit. 
 
 2 
 ■null 
 heat) : birds v.'. tlieir young with their 
 wings, aves pullus peniiis fovent, Cic. 
 X. U. 2, 52, 129 : lo w. viands in c hot 
 In-azier, epulas fovere foculis in ferveut- 
 ibus, PI. Capt. 4, 2, 67. Phr. : to w. 
 oneself at the ftre, artus admoto igne 
 refovere. Curt.: to w. up (dress again, 
 food), 'epulas recoquere (Georg.): yes- 
 terday's soup w.'d up. Jus hesteriium, 
 Ter. Lull. 5, 4, 17 : Alexander came in 
 Diogenes' way whUe w.ing himself in 
 the sun, Ale.xaiider ofTecerat Diogeni 
 apricanii, Ci'. I'usc. 5, }2, <)i- 11. 
 1 n t r a 11 s. : to become wai-m : v. wakm 
 (adj.). 
 
 warming (subs.): caiefaclio (late) : 
 Dig. BelU-r expr. by verb : we use 
 tvood fur w., materia ad corpus cale- 
 faciendum utiniur, Cic N. 1). 2, ()o. 151 ; 
 
 V. TH WAltM. 
 
 warming-apparatus : impress! pa- 
 rietibus lulii, per quos circumlunditur 
 calor, ijui iiiia pariter et snnima a' -qua- 
 liter fovel : S. n. Ep. 90, 2; (e Kr.). 
 
 warming-pan: *vas ad lectum 
 caletacicudum. 
 
 warmly: I. Lit-: expr. gene- 
 rally by a periphrasis: warmly clad, 
 •spis^is vestibus involutus or for tig. 
 senses use vt-hementer, acriter, etc. 
 II. Fig.: 1. calide (fig. only) : 
 to act w. (eagerly), c agere, PI. 2. 
 
 ferventer: to siieak w., f. loqui, Coel. in 
 Cic. Kam. 8, 8, 2. 
 
 warmth : 1. calor, oris : rital w., 
 c. vltalis, Lucr. ?, 129: youthful w., 
 juvenilis calor. Quint. 2. tepor, oris : 
 external w., exiemus tepor, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 10, 26. 3, fervor, oris: to. of the 
 SU7I, lervores soils, Lucr. 5, 216 : w. of 
 feeling, fervor pectoris, Hor. Od. I, 16, 
 24. Phr. : to act icith u:, *cum aniini 
 fervore agere ; vehementer, acriter 
 agere; vehementius, acrius (witli coti- 
 siderable w.) ; veheiueiitibsime, acer- 
 
 rime (with extreme 
 
 warn : 1. moneo, 2 : Fabixis w.'d 
 me of this, FaliiM> ea me uionuit, Cic. 
 Fain. ?, }, I : (Jaeeiiia w.'d his soUliers 
 of the emeigency, Caecina milites neces- 
 sitatis monuit, 'i'ac. A. i, 67 : to w. of a 
 thing, monere de aliquo, Cic. : to w. to 
 do, monere ut faciat, Cic. Fam. 10, 1,2: 
 / w. them to keep (iff their hands, nioneo 
 abstineant manus, id. V^err. Act. i, 12. 
 j6 : the year n:s you not to hope, monet 
 annus ne speres, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 7 : th^. sun 
 w.s us that tumults are at hand, sol m. 
 tumultus instare, Virg. G. i, 464. 2. 
 aiimoueo, 2 (rather mure of friendly 
 naming or advice an things past or 
 present', less of things future) : constr. 
 as moneo: also with inf. in poets and 
 later prose: evening has u:'d tliem to 
 leave the fields, vesper admonult dece- 
 dere canipis, Virg. G. 4, i86. 3. 
 
 praemoneo, 2 (to foren arn) : constr. 
 with ut, ne, and subj.,ox with de; or 
 with dependent clause: tliat future 
 princes might be w.'d hoiv they might 
 gain glory, ut futuri priucipes prae- 
 monerentur qua via possent ad glorliun 
 niti, Plin. Fp. j, 18, 2. Phr.: to 
 
 suffer oneself to be w.'d. *audire monen- 
 tem, luonenti obsifiui (Georg.) : to refuse 
 to be w.'d, *rejicere, spernere mouentem 
 (Georg.). 
 
 warning : 1. mOnltio (Me act of 
 w.): let w. be without bitterness, m. 
 careat acerbitate, Cic. Am. 24, 89. 2. 
 monitus, fis, (poet, and 01 ".s from 
 heaven) : he had finisheii his w., linicrat 
 monitus, Ov. M." 2, 10?: by the w. of 
 fortune, foituiuie monitu, Cle. Div. 2, 41, 
 86. 3. mOnitum tie. when given): 
 
 advice and w.s, consilia, monila, Cic 
 Fam. 5, 8, 2: w.s of the gods, deorum 
 m.. id. Har. resp. 25, 54- 4. admd- 
 nitio: ir. is a mild reproof, admonitio 
 lenior objurgalio est, Cic. de Or 2.8?, 
 JJ9- 6. admoniius, us (only fouud 
 
 in the abl.) : at the w. he itmorefuriout, 
 acrior admonitu est, Ov. M. j, 566. 
 
 6, admoiiitum : precepts, wa, proe- 
 cepta, admomia, Cic. de Or 2, 15, 64 
 
 7. dOcuuientum (a w. to initruct. 
 a lesson, proof): a w. was yireri them 
 tiiat they might guard ayaii.-l a similar 
 urrony.di'eumenlum datum iiliscaseiidae 
 similis iijjuriae, Liv. }, $0, mai. : to Uikt 
 w. wliat llie vanquished have to fear, d. 
 capere quid victis sil extimeecendum 
 Cic. Phil. II, 2, $: it was a w. not to 
 hold the cumitia, documents fuil ne 
 comitia habi-nntur, Liv. 7, 6, extr. ^ 
 excmplum t,u le. by example lo deter) 
 make me a w., exemplum siaiuitc ii> 
 me, Ter. Heaul. prol. ji : etlaUith a 
 w., what great punishments are ready 
 fiir such nm. e. siatuite quantoe poeiiae 
 
 sint i^tiuBnlodi hominibus comiuiralae, 
 AucU Her. 4, J5, 47. Phr.: to take w. 
 by anything, •exempio monitus cavere : 
 by this w. learn justice, dlscite ju^litiam 
 moniti, Virg. Aeii. 6, 620: ecildoert art 
 punished as a tv. lo ollicrs, *maletici 
 puniuntur in tcrrorera caeteris: toyire 
 w. : for orduhiry senses v. to wakn to 
 give w. of (appoint putjlicly) a day, 
 praedicere diem, Tac. A. 2, 79. of a 
 master or servant: jK-rh. reiiunliare, or 
 numiiim niittere (lit. to send a Utier qf 
 divorce, cf. Cic Fam. 16, 16). 
 
 warp (subs.) : stamen, Inis, n. (opp. 
 to the woof, sublemen or irama) : ikt 
 draws down the long w. (Utreads of Ute 
 tv.) from full distaff, deducii plena 
 stamina longa coIo, Tib. i, }, 86 : a reed- 
 comb srparales the w., stamen secemit 
 arundo, Ov. M. 6, 55: cf. Smiths Ant. 
 
 941- 
 
 warpC"-): I. Trans. : to bend 
 distort : torqueo, fiecto, depravo : v. tO 
 
 DISTOKT, BEND, DEI-RAVK: tO U>. and 
 
 bend his nature every way, naturam hue 
 et illtic torquere et flectere, Clc. CoeL 6, 
 I}: to IC. every thing to suit his own 
 advantage, omnia ad suum commudum 
 torquere, Cic. Inv. 2, 14. 46. I'lir. : to 
 have one's judgment w.'d, 'pravo ease 
 judicio, piavejudicare. ||. In trans.: 
 of t'ood. 1. pando, i : elm and OiK 
 soon w., ulmus el fraxiiius celeriler 
 pandant, Vitr. 2, 9. 2. paiidusesse; 
 cypress ow* pine are toont to w., cupree- 
 Bus et pinus solent esse pandae, Vitr. 
 2.9- 
 
 warping (<>/''"<'<''0" panda tio: Vitr. 
 7. •• 
 
 warrant («il>«)-" I. Authonty. 
 1. auctoritas (most gen. term): 
 justice even without wiscUmi givs enough 
 w. (of veracity), justiiia sine pnideulia 
 satis habet auctoritatis, Cic. Off. 2, 9, 
 54; Vie w. of evidence, a. testinu>nii, id. 
 Flacc 22, 5?- the w. of senate and 
 people, a. senatus populique, Surt. Caes. 
 28. 2. l^le»tii.> (oiUcicU right ) : right 
 and w.. Jus poiesta.Miue, Cic Pliil. 11, 
 12, }o. 3. lli-entla (liberty tu act): 
 
 they had also ivanant to acquit, date 
 et absolvendi llcentia, lac. A. 14, 49. 
 II. A commi.\':iou that gives autho- 
 rity. ' 1. iiiandatum (a wrilt'-n w. or 
 commission) on my w.. mandato moo, 
 Cic. Faui. 2, 11, 2: an imperial w.,ni. 
 principum, Froiitin. 2. maiHlatus, 
 
 us (only in abl.): on the w. of the 
 praetcr, mandatu praeloris. Suet. Caes. 
 7. 3. diploma, illis. n. (10. for safe 
 
 conduct, i>a.<sport) : that Otho's wj 
 might regain their validity, Ut diplo- 
 niata Othonis revalescerenu Tac. H. 2, 
 54. i'hr.: uii<i<T the uyinant <•/ the 
 gods, diis auctoribus, Liv. 28, 28. nici. : 
 they ci-ied that they had a w. i.ir what 
 they did, vmircral'.-.nuT esse sibi auc- 
 torem, lac. .\. i;, }i, extr.: t- tssu, a 
 w.fora aiminal's apprtt'eii.'i'in, "dare 
 auctoriuuem (inandatum) ud .-^intern 
 comprehendeiulum : praemaiulare ut lu- 
 gitlvus conquiralur, Vallii. in Cic. Fam. 
 
 5. 9. 2- 
 warrant (f-) •• !• "^o- ' ('"«- 
 
 tablish, proved : many things are w.'d 
 by an oath, mulu jurojurando firmanlur, 
 Clc. Ix"g. 2, 7. i''- 2. ontirmo, I: 
 for my.'elf //ii"mi.«» and iP. you, de mc 
 tibi piomino el cuiitirmo, Cic. Fam. i, 
 9i*
 
 WARRANTY 
 
 WASTE 
 
 W ATCH 
 
 lo, I. 3. probo, I : difficult to w., 
 
 difBcile probatu, Cic. Tusc. 5, i, i. 4. 
 praesto, stUi, sti turn and statum, i (to be 
 responsible I or) : lo lu. not yourself oiily 
 but all your subalterns, iionte unum sed 
 omnes niinistros praestare, Cic. Q. Fr. 
 I, 1, J : I'ho could to. tliat there would be 
 no pirates f praeiiones nuUos fore quis 
 prae>tare poterat? id. Flacc. il, 28 : / 
 cannot warrant you (sc/e) from vio- 
 Urvce, ego tibi a Ti praestare nihil 
 possum, Cic. Kam. i, 4, J. 5. pro- 
 mitto, misi, niissum, j (to w. in tlie. 
 fviure): I warrant that Caesartvill be 
 iuch, proniitto Caesarem taletn fore. Cic. 
 Phil. 5, 18, 51. 6. spondeo, spopondi, 
 sponsuni, 2 {to give solemn pUdge) : nere 
 Jupiter as voucher to warrant it, I 
 wmild not hope, non si mihi Jupiter 
 auctor spondeat, sperem, Virg. Aen. 5, 
 18. 7. sancio, xi, ctuni, 4 (to fx, 
 authorise, as by law) -. a law to establish 
 and w. this, lex de his confirraandis et 
 sanciendis, Cic. Phil. 10, 8, i-]. 8. 
 
 auctor sum (to w. a fact as true, or to au- 
 thorise the doitig, used of persons): 
 rumour said you were in Syria, no one 
 w.d it, fama liuntiabat le esse in Syria, 
 auctor erat nemo, Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 2: 
 they w.'d Bibulus' 0-omising tfie same, 
 auctores fuere Bibulo tantundem poUi- 
 cendi, Suet. Caes. 19. Hhr. : to iv. an 
 mnission, fault, *m excusatione esse cur 
 omiseris, deliqueris: nothing can w. 
 your conduct. *excusare te prorsus nou 
 potes: / yave many i-xcuses to w. my 
 getting of, multa dixi cur excusatus 
 aoiiem, Hor. Ep. i, Q, 7 : /'W warrant 
 you : nimirum, profecto, mehercule (un- 
 doubtedly, ifailh) : Ter. 
 
 warranty : siitisdatio .- v. gua- 
 
 BANTEE. 
 
 warren; <* pn'serre .for game or 
 fish: 1, vivarium: Plin.: Juv. 
 
 2. septum (enclosure) : a w. for 
 beasts of chace, venationis septum, Varr. 
 K. R. J, 12, 2. 3. leporarium (a 
 place where hares, etc. are kept) : Varr. 
 R. R. ?, J. A rabbit w., *cuniculorum 
 leporarium. Phr. :/j<'e w., * libertas 
 venandi, aucupandi, piscandi. 
 
 warrener : * vivariicustos (Kr.). 
 
 warrior : 1. bellator : a V). and 
 general, bellator duxque, Liv. 9, i. 
 "F i g. : a w. with the tankard, b. 
 cantharo, PI. Men. i, l, ?. 2. proe- 
 Uator : rm less a w., non minus proelia- 
 ter, Tac. A. 2, 7!. 3. pugiiator (gen., 
 at. actual combatant) : a renowned w., 
 darus p., 8il. 15, 595- (These three 
 words are mostly in poets or poetic 
 prose.) 4. miles, itis (qualified by 
 some epithet) : a skilful, energetic, gal- 
 lant w., * m. peritus, strenuus, fortis. 
 5. homo militaris (an experienced 
 w.): they being w.s, illi homines m.. Sail. 
 C. 45 : the rough tongue (pa w., rudis in 
 militari liomine lingua, Liv. 2, 56, med. 
 Phr.: a brilliant w., in bellica laude 
 egregius, Liv. : a skilful w., militiae, 
 belli, etc. peritus, Liv.: Caes.: to be a 
 great, distinguished w. (with reference 
 to actual wars waged), maximas res in 
 bello gessisse, Liv. ; a great w. and 
 statesman, * magnus bello nee minor 
 pace ; qniini in armis turn in toga prac- 
 stantissimus. 
 
 wart: verruca: basil removes w.s, 
 ocimum toUit verrucas, Plin. Fig.: 
 let him pardon his friend's w.s (small 
 failings), ignoscat verrucis amici, Hor. 
 S. 1, }, 74. Phr.: covered with w\s, 
 warty, verriicosus (an appellation ot (j. 
 Fabius in Cic. Brut. 14, 57). Fig.: 
 warty (rugged) Antiopa, v. Antiopa, 
 Pers. I, 77. 
 
 wary : 1. provldus (foreseeing) : 
 cautious and w. m^n, homines cauti pro- 
 vidique, Cic. Rose. Am. 40, 117. 2. 
 priidens: a^ute and u\, peracutus et 
 prudens, Cic. Or. 5. 18. 3. cautus 
 (cautious) : how w. he is where there's 
 no need, ut cautus est ubi nil opus est, 
 Ter. Ph. 4. 5, j. 4. circunispectus 
 (keeping the eyes open te surrounding 
 dangers) : w. and sagacious, c. et sagax, 
 Suet. Claud, i;. 5. sagax (keen of 
 perception) : a w. animal, animal sagax, 
 9^6 
 
 Cic. Leg. I, 7, 22. 6. consideratus 
 (judiciously weighing everything) : a 
 w. man. homo c, Cic. Caec. i, i. 
 
 wash (v.): I. Trans. : 1. 
 
 lavo, I, and lavi, lautum, j (the most 
 gen. term) : to w. hands, manus lavare. 
 Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 246 : to w. hair, crines 
 1., Hor. Od. 4, 6, 26 : he w.'d the sacred 
 vessels in the water, sacra lavit aquis, 
 Ov. Fast. 4, 540 : to w. with tears, lacri- 
 mis 1., PI. Ps. I, I, 8 : the sea w.'d the 
 sands, mare lavit arenas, Ov. M. 7, 
 267. Fig.: to w. away evils with 
 wine, mala vino lavere, Hor. Od. ?, 
 IS, 2 : you come to w. out your fault 
 by prayers, venis precibus lautum 
 peccatum tuum, Ter. Ph. ;, 7, 80. 
 2. luo, lui, J (rare, and poet.); 
 Greece'is vi.'d by the Ionian .leinGraecia 
 luitur lonio, Sil. 11. 22. 3. abluo, ui, 
 fitum, J (to w. away) : he seelcs the bath 
 to IV. away the blood, petit balineas ab- 
 luendo cruori, Tac. H. j, J2: w. away 
 the perjuri/, ablue perjuria, Ov. F. 5, 
 68t. 4. eluo (to rinse, w. out) : to 
 w. out dishes, patinas e., PI. Capt. j, 2, 
 66: to w. out colour, colorem e., Lucr. 
 6, 1076. Fig.: criine is w.'d out, scelus 
 eluitur, Virg. Aen. 6, 742- 5. perluo 
 (to w. thoroughly) : he io.s his hands, 
 perluit manus, Ov. F. 5, 455- 6. 
 
 alluo (to w. against) : the river w.s 
 the sides of the island, fluvius alluit 
 latera insulae, Cic. Leg. 2, }, 6. ||. 
 Intrans. : to w., to bathe: 1. lavor, 
 I : they w. in the rivers, lavantur in flu- 
 minibus, Caes. B. G. 4, i. 2. lavo, i 
 and } : fish are w.ing all their life long, 
 pisces usque dum vivunt lavant, PI. 2, 
 h 1. 3. perluor, J : I w. in cold 
 water, gelid'a perluor unda, Hor. Ep. i, 
 15,4. Phr.: this dress will (will not) 
 w., *huic vesti post lavationem stat 
 (evanescit) color. 
 
 wash (subs.) : I, V. WASHING : P h r. : 
 to send to the w., *ad lavandum dare. 
 II. Cosmetic, lotion: 1. fucus: 
 to dye' with a blue w., tingere caeruleo 
 fuco, Prop. 2, 18, 27. 2. medicament- 
 um : Sen. |||. A marsh, esp. at a 
 
 river's mouth, estuary : palus, iidis, /. ; 
 aestuarium : w.s and marshes, aestuaria 
 et paludes, Caes. B. G. 2, 28 : v. marsh, 
 
 FEN. 
 
 hand hasin : 1. aqualis 
 
 (sc. urceus): won't you give him aw.? 
 datin' isti aqualeni .' PI. Cure. 2, J, j i. 
 
 2. iiquaenianalis : Varr. in Non. 
 
 3. aquiunnariuni : Ulp. Dig. 
 -hand stand : *abacus lavandi 
 
 supellectileni continens (Kr.). 
 
 -house •. * aedificium linteis la- 
 
 vaudis (Kr.). 
 
 -tub; *alveus ad lintea lavanda. 
 
 washerwoman ; * mulier lintea 
 lavans (Kr.). 
 
 washing : 1. lavatio : what mat- 
 ters it to my IV. ? quid altinet ad nieam 
 lavationem ? PI. Most, i, j, 4. 2. ab- 
 intio : Plin. 3. lotura : Plin. 4. 
 15tio : Vitr. Phr.: aw. bill, schedula 
 (scidula) linteorum lavandorum index 
 (Kr.). 
 
 wasp: vespa: w.s make their nests 
 of mwrf.'vespae e luto nidos faciunt, 
 Plin. II, 21, 24. Phr. : to stir a w.s' 
 nest (prov.), crabrones irritare, PI. Am. 
 2, 2, 75. 
 
 waspish : asper, acerbus, stSmach- 
 osus, iracundus: v. irritable, passion- 
 ate. 
 
 waspishuess : acerbltas, stomachus, 
 iracnndia, morositas : v. irritability. 
 
 waste (subs.) : I. Destruction : 
 
 vasiatio, populatio, etc. : v. destruc- 
 tion, ka\ age. II. Loss, diminution : 
 1. damnum : tlte su-ift moons re- 
 pair the w., celeres lunae reparant 
 danina, Hor. Od. 4, 7, IJ. 2. detri- 
 mentum: to make up for w., reconcin- 
 nare detrimentum, Caes. B. C. 2, i;. 
 3, dispendium : without loss and 
 w., sine damno et dispendio, PI. Poen. 
 I, 1, }$■ 4. jactura: w. nf property, 
 jactura rei familiaris, Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 79. 
 5, intertrimenlum (w. by attrition) : 
 in gold there is no w., in auro nihil tit 
 intertrimenti, Liv. 34, 7, ad init, 6. 
 
 retrlmentum (refuse) : the w. of olive$, 
 r. oleae, Varr. R. B. 1,64. 7. rgcisa- 
 mentum (chips) : Plin. 8. rament- 
 um (^shavings) : w. of iron, ferri r., Lucr. 
 6, 1044 : of wood, ligni, Plin. |||, 
 Act of w.ing, throwing away carelessly : 
 1. effiisio: w. apes liberality, eS- 
 fusio imitatur liberalitatem, Cic. Put. 
 2 J, 81. 2. profiisio: excessive »„ 
 nimia p., Plin. Ep. 2, 4. Or expr. by 
 sumptus effusi, luxuria profusa : v. dis- 
 sipation. IV, A desert place: L 
 vastitas : what a tvilderiiess, what a w, 
 quae solitudo, quae vastitas, Cic. Verr. 
 4, ;i, 114. 2. solitudo : they had 
 
 hidden themselves in ii.s and xvoodt, se 
 in s. et in silvas abdiderant, Caes. B. Q. 
 4. 18. 
 
 waste {adj.): 1. vastus (empty, 
 desolate, without tre.es or buildings) : a 
 kind of land w. and deseH, genus agro- 
 rum vastum atque destrtum, Cic. Agr. 
 2, 26, 70. 2. desertus (lonely, desert) ; 
 w. places, loca deserta, Caes. B. G. S, 
 5J. 3. incultus (uncultivated): w. 
 regions, incultae regiones, Cic. N. D. I, 
 10, 24. Phr.: to lay w. : 1, vastare : 
 fieldLs laid w., agri vastati, Caes. B. O. I, 
 II- 2. p6pulari ; to lay w. fidAis, 
 agros p., Caes. B. G. i, ii: v. to de- 
 vastate; Troy is laid w., fit vasla 
 Troja, PI. Bac. 4, 9, no. Phr.: there is 
 w. (empty) space, vacat spatium. Lucr. i, 
 508 : lands He w., agri vacant, Caes. B. 6. 
 4, J : w. paper, chartae ineptae (siUy, 
 iiseless writings, such as we use thus) ; 
 whatever is wrapped up in w. paper, 
 quicquid chartis amicitur ineptis, Hor. 
 Ep. 2, 1, 270. 
 
 waste(»')-- I. Trans.: 1. con- 
 sumo, mpsi, mptum, j : to lavish and w. 
 in luxury, per luxuriam effundere atque 
 consumere, Cic. Rose. Am. 2, 6 : tv.d by 
 fire, incendio consumptus, Liv. 25, 7 : 
 w.d by grief, moerore c, Liv. 40, 54. 
 
 2. conficio, feci, fectuni, j : fires 
 would w. Vie woods, ignes conficerent 
 silvas, Ijucr. I, 905 ; w.d by age, con- 
 fecius senectute, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21. 
 
 3. corrumpo, rupi, ruptum, ; (to 
 destroy, spoil) : to xv. by fire, incendio c, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 55 : to w. opportunities, c 
 opportunitates. Sail. C. 4J. 4. perdo, 
 didi,dltum, } (iosquander, lose) : let him 
 use up, w., consumat, perdat, Ter. Heaut. 
 }, I, 56 : to w. time, p. tempus, Cic. de 
 Or. J, j6, 146 : to w. pains, p. operam, id. 
 Mur. 10, 2i. 5. dissipo, i (to 10. by 
 scattering) : to to. property, d. rem fami- 
 liarem,Cic. Fani.4,7,5. 6. profundo. 
 fudi, fiisum, i (to w. by pouring out) : 
 tfiey have w.d their patrimonies, patri- 
 monia profuderunt, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10. 
 
 7. vasto, I (to lay w.) : v. phrases 
 under waste (acij.). ||. Intrans.: 
 to waste away : 1. tabesco, bui, } : 
 moisture w.s through heat, humor tabe»- 
 cit calore, Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26 ; to w. auay 
 with grief, t. luctu, Lucr. i, 924. 2. 
 contabesco (0/ gradual w.ing) : Arte- 
 misia w.d away worn out by grief, 
 Artemisia luctu confecta contabuit, Cic. 
 Tusc. 3, ji, 75. 3. consumer, con- 
 ficior : v. supr. 
 
 wasteful: I. Destructive: per- 
 niciosus, edax, etc.: v. destkuctivr 
 II. Ruinously lavish : 1. pro- 
 digus : they are w. who lavish their 
 money on things of which they will leave 
 a short-lived memory, prodigi sunt qui 
 pecunias profuudunt in eas res quarum 
 memoriam brevem sint relicturi, ('ic. Off. 
 2, 16, 55. 2. profiisus: an abandoned 
 and w. spendthrift, perditus ac prolusus 
 nepos, Cic. Quint. 12, 40: iv. expense, 
 profusi sumptus, ib. 50, 9J : 10. with hit 
 oum wealth, sui profusus, Sail. C. 5. 
 3. eifusus (unrestrainedly w., but 
 not quite so much 111 dispraise as pro- 
 fusus) : who more iv. in giving f quis in 
 largitione effusior? Cic. CaeL 6, IJ : v. 
 extr.wagant. 
 
 wastefully ; 1. prodlge : Cic. 
 
 2. profuse : Liv. 3. effuse : Cic. 
 
 wastefulness ; luxuria, profUsio, 
 etc. : V. \va.'<te, extravagance. 
 
 watch (i"''s.) : I. A keeping 
 
 awake : vigilia : who has not heard of
 
 WATCH 
 
 WATER 
 
 WATER-CBES8 
 
 Demostlienes' U'atckes t cui non auditat; 
 sunt Uemostbenis vigiliae ? Cic. Tusc. 4, 
 19, 44: V. WAKRPULNEss. ||. A keep- 
 ing awake Jur security, a guard : 1. 
 vigilla (by iiiglit) : that they might keep 
 xo. by night, ui iioctu vigiliaa agereiit, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 4;, gj : tuearied with stn- 
 tries and w.s, statlonlbus vigiliisqiic 
 fessus, Liv. ;, 48 ; hence of the time of 
 a w., a fourth part of the tiight : in the 
 )irst w., prima vigilia, Uiv. 5, 44 : of the 
 persons : to arrange the u\ through the 
 city, disponere vigilias per urbem, Liv. 
 i9, 14, ftn. 2. excublae, arum (by 
 day or night) : arms, cohorts, u:s, arma, 
 cohortes, excubiae, Cic. Mil. 25, 67: of 
 the persons : he orders the military w. 
 to depart, excubias mllitares degredi 
 jnbet, Tac. A. ij, 18. 3. statio (the 
 post : hence, esp. in plur., the sentry, 
 the w.) : the w. duly arranged, dispo.>iilae 
 stationes, Caes. B. G. 5, 16. 4. custodia 
 (safe keeping) : keep »: here, agitato liic 
 custodiam, PI. Riid. }, 6, 20 ; a colony 
 secured by w.s, culunia custudiis munita, 
 Cic. Cat. I, }, 8. Phr. : to set a w., 
 vigilias, etc., ponere, disponere : to keep 
 w., V. agere, obire : to keep u: over : cus- 
 todire aliquem: v. to watch: to visit, 
 inspect the w., vigilias circumire.Tac. : to 
 set a strong w. about the house, domum 
 magnis praesidiis fimiare, Cic. |||, A 
 icatch to tell tite time : no exact word ; 
 the Romans had no portable timepiece : 
 usehordlOgium (iime-maiAtr generally); 
 solarium (sun-dial) : clepsyiira ( wattr- 
 clock) : V. CLOCK. With hurologiiim lor 
 a ivatch, the foil, phrases may serve : 
 the hand of a w., * horologii virgula, 
 gnomon (the pointer of a sun-dial) : a 
 w. goes, * h. movetur: stops, *stat: is 
 too/as^ sJoH',*celerius,tardiusinovetur : 
 'o wind up a iv., *h. intendere : w.-chain, 
 
 .-case, * horologii caiella, theca: ic- 
 
 tiker, * borologiorum artifex. 
 
 watch yV) ■■ I. T r a n s. : 1. 
 
 .stodii). 4 (to guard) ; the youth who w. 
 your person arui your house, juvenlus 
 qtiae luum corpus domunique custodit, 
 Cic. Mil. 2;, 67. 2. observo, i (to tc. 
 narroiiiy) ; he w.'d for the dog to lie 
 asleep, observavit dum dorraitaret canis, 
 PI. Trin. 1, 2, i jj : they w. how he is en- 
 grossed, occupationem ejus observant, 
 Cic. Rose. Am. 8, 22 : to lie in wait and 
 w.for, insidlari el observare, id, Or. 62, 
 210: / bade him w. his opportunity for 
 delivering the letter, praecepi ut teuipus 
 observaret epistolae n ddendae, Cic. Fam. 
 tl, 16, I : to w. the door, januani o., PI. 
 Asin. 2, 2, 7. 3. servo, i : my wife 
 W.S me, uxor me servat, PI. Rud. 4, 1, 4: 
 Tisiphone w.s the vestibule, Tisipbone 
 servat vestibiiluni, Virg. Aen. 6, ;;6. 
 4. speculor, i (to look out for) .- to 
 w. and examine everything, omnia sp- . 
 culari et perscrutari, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20. 59 : 
 the eyes and ears of many will w. and 
 observe you, multorura te oculi et aures 
 speculabuntur et custodient, id. Cat. i, 
 2, 6. 5. exsppcto, I (to w. u-ith hope, 
 desire) .- / iv.fcr your return with hope, 
 reditum spe exspecto, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 
 5 : the stale is u:wg most eagerly for 
 tluit, earn rem avidissime civitas p.\- 
 spectat, id. Phil. 14, 1,1. 6. insidior, 
 I (with treacherous intent) : Gracchus, 
 thinking tliat they must u\ for this 
 opportunity, huic Gracchus insidiandum 
 tempori ratus, Liv. zj, J5, ad fin. 
 Phr.: to have any one w.'d, custodem 
 (custodes) alicui dare, ponere, imponere : 
 Cic. : Caes. : to have a place w.'d, locum 
 custodiis munire, Cic. : he w.'d for a 
 chance to overwhelm the other general 
 andarmy, in alteriusducisexercitustiue 
 opprimendi occasionem imminebat, Liv. 
 25,20. II. In trans. : 1. vipilo, 
 I (not to sleep, to be vigilant, attentivt-) : 
 to w. till late at night, ad multam 
 noctem vigilare, Cic. Rep. 6, 10, 10 : 
 we must always ic, vigilandum 'st 
 semper, Att. in Cic. Plane. 24, 59 : / will 
 be sentinel and w.for you, excubabo vi- 
 gilaboque pro vobis, Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18. 
 2. excubo, I (to lie out on guard) : 
 two legions were w.ing before the camp, 
 ime legiones pro caslris excubabaot, 
 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 24 : Cerberus wj before 
 the duor, Cerberus excul«t ante fores, 
 Tib. I. i, 72. 3. aniuium adverto (to 
 w. with mind as well as eye) : let them w. 
 that no tumult arise, auimadvertt^rent 
 ne quid tumultus oriretur, Liv. 4, 45 : 
 
 V. TO ATTEND, ATrKNTIVK. 
 
 watchful: 1. vlgllans: aw. and 
 keen-eyd tribune of the comm/ms, vi- 
 gilansptacutus tribunu8plebis,Cic. Agr. 
 I, I, J. 2. vigil (poet.); u: eyes, 
 
 vigiles oculi, \'irg. Aen. 4, 182 : v. wakk- 
 Ft.L. Phr.: to be w., vigilare, advl- 
 gilarp, vigilem esse : to keep a w. eye 
 on anything, diligenter servare, obser- 
 vare, aliquid : v. to watch: to 6e w. 
 against anything, c&vere ab aliquo: v. 
 
 TO BKWARK. 
 
 watchfully : vlgilanter : to manage 
 a province xu., v. administrare provin- 
 ciam, Cic. Verr. 4, 64, 144. Comp. and 
 sup., vigllantius, vigilanti.ssime, Cic. 
 
 watchfulness : 1. vigllantia : 
 
 .Sicily lias preserved by his w., Sicilia 
 istius vigllantia servata est, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 
 1, I. 2. vigilia : w. and foresight, 
 vigilia et prospicientia, Cic. Phil. 7, 7, 19. 
 
 3. cura, diligentia, cautio, etc. • v. 
 
 CARK, I-Rlr>F.NCK. 
 
 watch-house : 1. custodia : we 
 are placd m this xv., and as it were 
 watch-tower, in hac custodia et tiinqnani 
 in specula coUocati sunius, Cic. Phil. 7, 
 7. 19- 2. *statio (a post, station). 
 3, vigiliSrlum : Sen. Ep. 57, nuui. 
 
 watchman : 1. custos, odis, m. 
 
 (keeper) : the xvatchmen of the temple, 
 fani custodes, Cic. Verr. 4, 4?, 94. 2. 
 vigil ; watchmen by night, nocturni 
 vigiles, PI. Am. i, i, 19;. 3. excii- 
 bitor : by night they xi-ere secured by 
 xiatchmen, noctu excubitoribus tenp- 
 baiitur, (ies. B. G. 7, 69: what xt: can 
 be found more vigilant (than a dog) f 
 quis excubitor iuvenirl potest vigilan- 
 tior.' Col. 7, 12, I. 
 
 watch-tower : spgcula : fire rai!:ed 
 from a w. signalled the approach of the 
 pirates, praedonum adventum signifi- 
 cabat ignis e s. sublatus, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 J5, 9} : Misenus gives tlie signal from 
 a high xv., dat sigiium specula Misenus 
 ab alta, Virg. Aen. 3, 2J9. 
 
 watchword : 1. tess6ra (the ta- 
 blet on nhich the xiord xias iviitten) : 
 the ir. lias given through the camp by the 
 consul, tessera per castra a consule data 
 erat, Liv. 27, 46, init. : the w,, the signal 
 for war, is passed, it bello tessera slgnuni, 
 Virg. Aen. 7,657. 2. signum (signol, 
 whether given by tessera or otherwise) . 
 haxnng given the w. " Success." signo 
 Fdicitatis Asito, Auct. B. Afr. 8{: the 
 tessera give^ in silence the w., taciturn 
 dat tessera sigiuim, Sil. i;. 475. 
 
 water {subs.) .- l. aqua (usual 
 
 word) : out of earth comes «-., out of ir. 
 air, e.K terra aqua, ex aqua oritur aer, 
 Qc. N. D. 2, j;, 84; sea w., a. marina, 
 Cic. : salt w., fresh ic, a. salsa, dulcis, 
 Lucr, 6, 891 : river w., a. fluvialis, 
 Virg.: Col.: rain w., a. pliivia, plu- 
 vialis, caelestis, Cic. : Virg. : Hor. : run- 
 ning i«., a. viva, Varr. : a spring of 
 flowing «'., jngis aquae fons, Hor. Sat. 
 
 2, 6, 2 : standing w., a. stagnans, 
 Plln. . aquae in plur. of a collection 
 of w. : a vast bo<ly of xv. comes from 
 heaven, imtiiensum coelo venit agmen 
 aquarum, Virg. G. i, ?22 : there tvere 
 floods of «'. twice in that year, aquae 
 magnae bis eo .uino fueruot, Liv. 24, 9: 
 unfailing stren ms of w., perennes aquae, 
 Cic. Verr. 4, 48, 107 : also of Me "■.« of 
 a seaside place, medicinal springs, etc. : 
 to come for the ir.s, venire ad aquas, Cic. 
 Plane. 27, 65 (hence names of places, 
 Aquae Sextiae, etc.). 2. liquor (any 
 liquid) : the intervening xv.. medius 
 liquor, Hor. Od. j, i, 46. 3. latex, 
 icis, m. (any liquid) : sea xv., 1. marinus, 
 Ov. Pont, i, I, 17: the iv.s of Avenius, 
 latices Averni, Virg. Aen. 4. ;i2. 4. 
 lympha (esp. pure spring w. ) : the xv. 
 of the xvells, lyniphae puteale.<, Lucr. 6, 
 1 172: w. of a nitr. 1. Huvialis, Virg. 
 Aeu. 4, 6;5. 5. umla (u iiace); snoiv 
 w., undae iii vales. Mart. 14, 118, i : a 
 
 fprin If transparent xrith to., fon^ pello- 
 cidus unda, Ov. M. }. 161. These last 
 four wonls are poetic; and in poetry 
 other equivalents lor tvater may stand : 
 e. g. amnis, lacus. mare, ai-quor, flactoa. 
 etc., actorditig to the requirements of 
 the pa.ssage. Phr.: bublding, gushing 
 ic, scalPbra, scalebrae, I'lln.: Virg.: sca- 
 turigo, inis./. .• Plin.: and in /•/ur., Liv. 
 44, ? ? : a flood of wj, "superfusae aquae, 
 undae : the Circus I'OS laid under w. 
 by the overflowing of tfie Tiber, Circa* 
 superfiiso I'iberi lrrigatu<, Liv. 7, } : 
 river-banks under xv., stannantes ripae, 
 Sil. 10, 89 : by land and xv.. terra marl- 
 que, terra et mari; et terra et mari, et 
 mari et terra, mari aique terra (terra 
 roarique is most usual, the others in 
 cases where a peculiar bt'es> i.« placed 
 on the words) : to go iiy u-.. uavigare : a 
 journey by xv., navlgaiio (I'pp. to pedes- 
 Ire iter, p. via) : to ann-ey yooiit by xo., 
 *merces in nave vehere, trans mare 
 portare, exportare : lie lives oorr (the 
 other side of) Oie to., •trans mare 
 (amnem) habitat; cf. Hor. S. i, 9, 18, 
 trans Tiberim cubat : to fetch xv., a. 
 petere, aquatum ire, aquari (a military 
 term, Sail. J. 9}) : xve see w. drawn from 
 loeKs, ex puleis aquam trahi videnius. 
 Cic. N. 1). 2, 9, 25 : to tuin off xc from 
 a stream, aquam e fluniini- derivare, 
 Caes. B. G. 7. 72: the w. of the Alban 
 lake was dra" n off, aqua Albaiia de- 
 ducts est, Cic. I)iv. 2, }2. 69; to back to., 
 remos inhibere, Cic. AtL ij. 21, ). 
 Fig.: this xfill nut hold to., • hoc non 
 Stat, haec ratio cadit ; quod ab sonat 
 vitium, eflBuls (after Per>. j, 20) • a gem 
 of the first xv., *priml (eximii) splendorts 
 gemma. For water in the sense of urine, 
 
 V. URINE. 
 
 water (»■) • I. ^ bedew, xcet : 
 
 I. rigo, I : the Ifiie w.s Kgypt, 
 Nilus rigat Aegyptum, Lucr. 6, 714: 
 slie w.'d Iter face with her tears, fletihug 
 ora rigavit, Ov. M. 11, 419. 2. ir- 
 rigo, I : from xvhose springs Epicurus 
 w.'d his gardens, cujiis loniibus Epicu- 
 rus hortulos suos irrigavit, Cic. N. D. i, 
 4?, 12}. 3. conspergo, si, sum, j (to 
 sprinkle) : he required the streets to be 
 w.'d because of the dust, vias consp«>rKi 
 propter pulvereni exegit, SueL Cal. 45. 
 Jin. 4. diluo, ui, utum, } (to dilute 
 withw.): w.'d Falerniaii, Mart, i, 107, 
 }. 5. misceo, mlsciii, mistum, 2 (tc 
 mix) : you xv. Veientan xvine for me 
 Veientana raihi misces. Mart. '}, 49, 1. 
 
 II. 7b give drink to: adaquo, I; 
 ulcere the beast xvas vomt to Ik xv.'d, ubi 
 jumentum adaquari solebat. Suet Galb. 
 7 : or expr. by ad aquam, aqiiatlonem 
 ducere, agere; potionem (petom itare. 
 Phr.: Aetna makes your ximuth to., 
 Aetna salivam tibi movet, Si-n. Ep. 79, 
 med. : smoke that makes the eyes to., 
 lacrimosiis fuinus, Ov. il. 10, 6. 
 
 bottle : * lagtiia aquaria (Kr.). 
 
 carrier : 1. Aquarius a 
 
 hired xv. xvill come, veniet coiiductua 
 aquariiis, Juv. 6, j ?2 ; the " . (oue o( 
 the signs of the Zodiac) saddens the 
 tcani/'Sf j/ear, inversuin oonlrislat Aqiu- 
 rius annum, Hor. S. 1, i. j6. 2. ftqui- 
 tor (in an army) : news is brought that 
 the xv.s are hard pressed, nuntiatur 
 aquatores premi, Cat-s. B. C. I, 7J: if 
 fem. •mulier aquam ferms (Kr. ). 
 
 -cask : 'dOlium .iquurlum. 
 
 -clock: clepsydra: v. CLOO 
 
 and Smith's Ant. 486. 
 
 -closet : 1. sella, sella nunl 
 
 liarica: Varr. R. K. I, i?, 4. 2. 
 lalrina: the servant tvho cleans the to, 
 ancilla quae latrinam laval, PL Cure 
 ^.^, 24. 3. forica (ii public w.) : 
 
 Juv. J, j8. 4. 14*anum (a close- 
 
 stool) : Peir. 
 
 colour : •pigmentum aqua 
 
 dilutuni. 
 
 coloured : caerfllena, cyftneos 
 
 (sea-blue, dark-blue): cumatills: Titia 
 in Non. : v. BLUt. 
 
 -cress : 1. sTsyrobrium : Hot. 
 
 2. na-sturtlum (prob. garden-cress): 
 Senopiion says the I'ersians lake no- 
 thing but to. with their bread. Peraaa 
 on
 
 W A T E It - 1) O G 
 
 W AVE 
 
 WAVY 
 
 negat Xenuphun ad panem adhibere 
 quicquam praeter n., Cic. Tusc. 5, ^4, 
 
 99- 
 
 water-dog: *caiii.-. aquaticus. 
 
 ■ -drinker : aquae potor : poems 
 
 cannot live that are written by w.s, 
 carmina non vivere po^sunt quae scii- 
 biiiitur aquae potoiibus, Hor. Ep. 1, 
 
 19. 1- 
 
 _ -drinking; *aquae potus, po- 
 
 tatio. 
 
 watered : I. -^f<>ist vdth water, 
 'jiell lu. : 1. afiuosus (whetlier by 
 
 rivers or rain) -. a well w. pktce, 
 aquosissimus lucus, Cato, R. R. ^4. 2. 
 irriguus {by streams or spiings) : a 
 tract w. by springs, regio irrigua fon- 
 tibus, Pliii. 5, 14, 15 : a w. garden, 
 hortus irriguus, Hor. S. 2, 4, 16. ||. 
 Marked witli wavy lines: peril. *un- 
 datus: cf. Plin. 9, j?, 52, who uses it of 
 the markings of shells : or umiiilatus, an 
 epithet of togae in Varr. in Non., cited 
 ilso in Plin. 8, 48, '74. 
 
 waterfall : 1. dejectus aquae 
 
 (fhi falling of water): Sen. Ep. 56, j. 
 2. de^iliens aqua : a place wet with 
 much spray from a lofty w., locus as- 
 pergine niMlt;i uvidus ex alto desilientis 
 aquae, Ov. F. 4, 427 ■ cf. a description 
 of an artificial cascade in Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 
 24. 3. * catiracta (in class. Lat. only 
 of the Falls of the Nile, but used once 
 in Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 4 of a sluice, flood- 
 gate). 
 
 -flood : V. FLOOD. 
 
 fowl : a^'is aquatica : Plin. : if 
 
 of the sea, pelagi volucres, cf. Virg. G. 
 I, J8j: if q)' riorrs or marshes, *aves 
 fluviatiles, palustres. 
 
 -hen: fulica : Plin.: the w.s 
 
 sport on the di-y land, in sicco ludunt 
 fnlicae, Virg. G. i, 36;. 
 
 watering : aquatio (a fetching of 
 water) : Caes. : a w. of animals and 
 plants ■• Col. : Pall. 
 
 ~ — place : I, ^"^ cattle : 1. 
 Squariiini : let there be a w. near, aqua- 
 rium propi; sit, Cato, R. R. i, j. 2. 
 aquatio; here is the w., hie aquatio. 
 Cic. Off. }. n, 59. II. Fashionable 
 
 retort, for bathing, or medicinal ivaters : 
 aquae, arum : the w. o/'.s'i'nu^ssa, Sinues- 
 sanae aquae, Tac. H. i, 72 : a much- 
 visited, pleasant, and healthy w., locus 
 amoeno saUibrium aquarum usu fre- 
 quens, Tac. H. i, 67. Jf simply the 
 sea-side, mare, locus maritimus, mari- 
 tinia ora, may suflSce. 
 
 water-lily : * iris pseudoacorus : 
 Linn. ; or peril., iris {sword-lily) : Plin. : 
 or acSrus {flag) : Plin. 
 
 waterman : 1. nauta {boatman) .- 
 Appii Forum crowded with w.. Forum 
 Appi dilTertimi nantis, H^r. S. i, ;, j. 
 2. portitor {a ferryman) : the w. 
 of Orcus, portitor Orci, Virg. G. 4, ;o2. 
 Phr. : to ply as a w., naviculariani 
 (rem) facere. Cic. Verr. 5. 18, 46. 
 
 -melon : * cucurbita citruUus : 
 
 Linn. 
 
 -mill ; mSla aquaria : Pall, i, 
 
 -mint : * mentha aquatica : 
 
 Linn. 
 
 -pipe: 1. tubus: water is 
 
 conveyed by w.s into a covered cistern, 
 aqua tubis in contectam clsternam de- 
 ducitur. Col. i, ;, 2. 2. iistiila: the 
 w.s by which water ivas supplied, fistulae 
 quibus aqua suppeditabatur, Cic. Rab. 
 perd. II, ji. 
 
 - — ■ -pot : 1. vas aquarium (gen. 
 term for any vessel). 2. hydria {jug, 
 eiier) : Cic. Verr. 19, 4'). Z, urceus: 
 , an amphora began to be designed, why 
 does a m^re w. come out f amphora coe- 
 pit institui, cur urceus exit.' Hor. A. P. 
 22. 4- urna: you who have a iv., put 
 in water, tu qui urnam habes, aquam 
 ingere, PI. Ps. i, 2, 24. 
 
 -proof : * aquam, bumorcs non 
 
 transmittens ; quod non recipit in se 
 nee combibit liquorem ; quod humidam 
 potestatem in corpus p-^netrare non 
 patitur, Vitr. 2, ?, 4 (e Kr.) : imiiribus 
 Impervius (after Tac. A. 15. 45, igni- 
 biui impervius, fire-proof) ; pii.'ises.Hng 
 
 938 
 
 ability to resist rain : • tutura muni- 
 men ad inibres (poet.). (R. and A.) 
 
 water-side : v. .shore, bank. 
 Phr.: lualce the Hennenses measure 
 out corn for you down by the "■„ coge ut 
 ad aquam tibi fruinentum Hennenses 
 metiatjtur, Cic. Verr. j, 8j, 192 : / tvill 
 erect a temple by the w., templum ponam 
 propter aquam, Virg. G. ?, 14. 
 
 -snake: 1. hydras: a w. 
 
 lying close to the bank, hydrus servaiis 
 ripas, Virg. G. 4, 458. 2. hydra (esp. 
 ot the constellation of the W.) .- Iii-re the 
 W. raises itself from tlielnnei- parts, hie 
 sese infernis de partlbus erigit Hydra, 
 Cic. Arat. 214. 
 
 -spout : I. The end of a 
 
 water-pipe: *tubi (fistulae) extrema 
 pars. II. In mtteorol<igy : 1. pres- 
 IcT, eris, TO. {a fiery uhirhoind, the 
 effect of wblcli, as described in Lucr. 6, 
 424, etc., and Plin. ii. iji-i}4, is a w.). 
 2, typhon, onis, m. (similar to the 
 prester): Plin. 
 
 -trough : * alveus (alveolus) 
 
 aquarins. 
 
 -tub . * oTca. aquaria. 
 
 -wheel: rota aquaria: Cato 
 
 R. R. II, J. Phr.: an under-shot {over- 
 shot) w. icheel, *rota subterfluente (super- 
 fusa) aqua circumacta. 
 
 -willow , * salix viminalis : 
 
 Linn. : v. willow. 
 
 -works : 1. aquarum ductus : 
 
 add w., cliannels drawn from rivers, 
 adde duitus aquarum, derivationes 
 fluminuni, Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14. 2. iquae- 
 ductus, lis, m. {a conduit) : you have 
 managed the w. nicely, de aquaeductu 
 probe fecisti, Cic. Att. i ?, 6, i. 3. 
 aqua (when qualified by the context, as 
 is aqua Claudia in Suet. Claud. 20, where 
 extensive w. are described). F'hr. : to 
 establish w. in a toum, *aquam in urbeni 
 ducere, aquarum ductu per tubos et 
 canales urbem instruere. 
 
 watery : 1. aquaticus {wet, rainy) : 
 IV. Auster, aquaticus Auster, Ov. M. 2, 
 85J. 2. aquatilis (in taste): cucum- 
 bers, gourds, and kttuces are w., sunt 
 aquatiles cucumeres, cucurbitae, lactu- 
 cae, Plin. 19, 12, 61. 3. iiquosus 
 
 {alxmnding in water) : vj. winter, aquosa 
 hienis. Virg, E. 10, 66 : a iv. cloud, nubes 
 aquosa, Ov. M. 4, 621. 
 
 wattle {subs.) : |. A hurdle : 
 
 crates, is,./". : v. hurdle. ||. The w.s 
 of a cock : palea : a cock with red w.s, 
 gallus rubra palea, Varr. K. R. }. 9, ; 
 
 wattle («■) ■■ 1. inte.xo, ui, xtum, 
 ; {to iveave) : that {land) wiU w. a fence 
 of fruitful lines round your elms, ilia 
 (terra) tibi laetis intexet vitibus ulmos, 
 Virg. G. 2, 221. 2. conte.xo, ui, xtum, 
 J. 3. implecto, xi, xum, J (<o pfciit) ; 
 all these mostly used in the pa.rt. pass., 
 as is our w.d : v. wattlkd. 
 
 wattled : 1. cratltius : w. parti- 
 tions, c parietes, Vitr. 2, 8, fin. 2. 
 contextus : the remaining paii, of the 
 boats, made of uj. osier-twigs, was covered 
 with hides, reliquum corpus navium vi- 
 minibus contextum coriis integebatur, 
 Caes. B.C. i, 54. 3. intextus: shields 
 of w. osier-twigs, scuta viminibus in- 
 texta, Caes. B. G. 2, u. Phr.: w. work, 
 crates : penning in his flock with w. 
 fence, claudens textis cratibus pecus, 
 Hor. Ep. 2, 4; : they weave a soft bier 
 of V). work with tn-iys of arbutus, crates 
 et molle feretrum arbuteis texunt virgis, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, 64. 
 
 wave {subs.) : 1, unda {a mxming 
 swell, of the sea in gentle motion, or in 
 storm, and of other things, and fig.) : the 
 sea is full of w.s, plenum 'st imdarum 
 mare, PL Mil. 2, 6, j? : w. follows after 
 w., unda supervenit undam, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 2, 176: w.s nf air, aeriae undue, Lucr. 
 2, 151 : the Campus and those » .s of 
 tlie assembled electors, Campus alque illae 
 undae comitiorum, Cic. Plane. 6, 15: the 
 hou.'se pours forth a rast n: of saluters 
 di^nius vomit iiigcnfeni salutantum u., 
 Virg. G. 2, 462 : f plunge in the w.s of 
 public life, mersor oivilibus u., Hor. 
 Ep. I, I, 16. 2. fliictus, lis, (o 
 
 billow, surge, implying more of title or 
 
 stream than unda ; hence of the sea in 
 storm, and fig. of violent troubles) : to 
 raise the ii:s by wind, fluctus toUere 
 vento,Virg. Aen. 1,66 whe^i the w.s were 
 calmed, sedatis fluctibus, Cic. Inv. 2, ;i, 
 154: to quiet tlie troubled w.s. motos 
 componere fluctus, Virg. Aen. i, 155 : 
 tlie w.s of the sea break at the mountain's 
 base, mare frangit fluctus ad radices 
 mentis, Lucr. 6, 695 : w.s break on a 
 rocky sliare, fluctus franguntur a saxo, 
 Cic. Fam. 9, 16 : we are tossed in this 
 popular storm and these w.s, in hac 
 tempestate populi jactamur et fluctibus, 
 Cic. Piano. 4, 11 : Massilia is washed by 
 the w.s of barbarism, Massilia barbariae 
 fluctibus alluitur, id. Flacc. 26, 6j : w.s 
 of anger, irarum f., Lucr. }, 299. Phr. : 
 in W.S, undatim : PUn. : the sea full of 
 W.S, aequor undosura, Virg. Aen. 4, Ji? : 
 the sea rough nith w.s, mare fiuctuosum, 
 PL Rud. 4, 2, ;. 
 
 wave ("•) ■■ |. Intrans.: to un- 
 dulate : 1. undo, i : 'pylorus w.ing 
 -with box-trees, Cyturus buxo uudans, 
 Virg. G. 2, 4J7 : w.ing flames, undantes 
 flammae, Sil. 9, 446. 2, fluctuo, i 
 {to w. violently) : in fierce rage the air 
 ws, furibundus fluctuat aer, Lucr 6, 
 ^67 : the tvhole field w.s with gleaming 
 brass, fluctuat oninis aere renidenti tel- 
 lus, Virg. G. 2, 281. 3. fluito, i {to 
 w. or stream as hair, flags, etc.) : the 
 awnings lu.ing ovei- a full theatre, pleno 
 fluitantia vela theatro, Prop, j, 18, IJ. 
 
 II. Trans. : 1. agito, i : he w.s 
 a lance, agitat hastam, Ov. M. j, 667. 
 
 2. jacto, I : to w. the arms in regu- 
 lar measure, brachia jactare in nuraer- 
 um, Lucr. 4, 669 : to w. the hands, man- 
 us j., Juv. }, 106. 3. rolo, I (to w. 
 round) : to shake out and w. round the 
 hair ijespeM-ks a madman, comas excu- 
 tientem rotare fanaticum est, yuint. 11, 
 J, 71 : he u'.s round his flashing sicord, 
 rotat ensem fulmineum, Virg. Aen. 9, 
 
 441- 
 
 waver : 1. fluctuo, i : to w. in a 
 decision, in decreto fluctuare, Cic. Acad. 
 2, 9, 29. 2. fluito, I : that I may not 
 w. in suspense, ne fluitem pendulus, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 1 8, no: the allegiance of Caecina 
 is believed to have w.'d, creditur Caecinae 
 fides fluitasse, Tac. H. 2, 9}. 3. diibito, 
 I {between two courses) : that he never 
 either w.'d or feared, se neque unquam 
 dubitasse neque timuisse, Caes. B. G. i, 
 41. 4. vacillo, I {to be unsteady): a 
 w.ing hgion, legio vaeillans, Cic. Phil, j 
 12, JI. 5. nato, I {to incline to fall, 
 to want firmness) : the cavalry attacks 
 the w.ing line, nutanlem aciem equitatus 
 incursat, Tac. H. }, 18 : Democritxis 
 seems to w. about the nature of the gods, 
 Democritus nutare videtur in natiira 
 deorum, Cic. N D. i, 4?, 120. 6. 'abo, 
 I {to totter) : knov: that my mind, which, 
 seemed fixed before, ws, scito meum 
 consilium labare, quod satis jam fixum 
 videbatur, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 2 . the allies 
 begin to xc, socii coeperunt 1., Liv. 22, 
 61, ad fin. Phr.: to begin to w., labas- 
 cere, PI. : Ter. : to cause to w., labefacere, 
 Cic. : Tac. : in swift thought he w.s now 
 this way now that, animiun celerem 
 nunc hue nunc dividit illuc, Virg. Aen. 
 4, 285. 
 
 wavering {adj.): 1. suspensus: 
 the w. and fu'fde commons, suspensa et 
 incerta plebs, Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66. 2. 
 incertus: changing and u'., varius incert- 
 usque. Sail. J. 74. 3. diibius : the w. 
 are determined, dubii confirman t nr, Caes. 
 B. C. I, J. 4. anibiguus : w. bctneen 
 shame and fear, ambiguus piidoris et 
 metus, Tac. A. 2. 40. 5. the parti- 
 ciples of the verbs atiove may be used ; 
 
 V. TO WAVER. 
 
 wavering {subs.) .- 1. fluctuatio : 
 
 during this u>. of their minds they might 
 
 be surprised, in ea fluctuatione animor- 
 
 um opprimi incautos posse, Liv. 9, 25. 
 
 2. dubilatio, haesitatio, etc. : v. 
 
 DOUBT, HESITATION. 
 
 wavy : 1. undatus v. {wavily- 
 marked) kinds of shells, concharum 
 genera undata, Plin. 9, ??, ?2. 2. 
 xindans : w. com crops, *undan les segetes.
 
 WAX 
 
 WE 
 
 WEAK 
 
 8, crispus (curliny) : vi. locks, 
 crispi cincinni, PI. True. 2, 2, il. 
 
 wax (i'): I. Trans.: to cover 
 loith wax ■■ 1. cero, i : wings w'd by 
 Daedakan aid, cerataP ope Daedalea 
 peniiae, H(ir. Od. 4, 2, 2. 2. incero, 
 I : to w. the fcjiees of the g(jds, genua 
 incerare deorum, Juv. 10, 55. 3. 
 
 *C€ra illino, ciicumlino. ||. In- 
 
 Irans. : to grow: opp. to to wane: 
 crescx). crevi, cretiim, ; : low. and wane 
 viith the jtUKin, tTi'>cere et decreixere 
 cum luna. Cic. Div. 2, 14. JJ: v. to 
 GROW, iNciiKASB. P h r. : to wax great, 
 * fieri maRiiusi. 
 
 wax (subs.); cera: "« shape and 
 mould tlw softest u: at our tiill, inoUis- 
 simam c<Tum ad nostrum arbitrium 
 fonnamus ex tiiif;lmus, Cic. de Or. j, 45, 
 I'J7: bees slcilfitlly shape the frtsh w., 
 apes arte rccentes excudunt ccras, Virg. 
 <j. 4, 57 : upon thai document ofeLnitence 
 
 fence, eadt-m ratio viaque defensionis, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 1,4. Hiere is no w. of 
 resisting, ratio nulla est restandi. Lucr. 
 I, III : new v.'j of waning, novae tx-l- 
 landi rationcs, Ca'-s. B. ti. j, 50. 6. 
 mos, nioris, «t. (««?, koiiI). as is my 
 IV., ut meus 1 >t nios, Hor. S. I, 9, i : the 
 w. and custom of the state, ruos cousue- 
 tudoque civilis, Cic. Off. i, 41, 148. 
 Piir. : by the w. : obiter; he wilt read 
 by the w., obit<»r leget, Juv. j, 241 : used 
 by Pliny for incidentally, not by Cicero 
 who uses quiisl praeteriens (iJlv. in 
 Caecil. 15, 50), or strictim: / began to 
 refect by tlie w., cocpi mccuni inter vias 
 cogitare, Ter. Kun. 4, 2. I : in the v.: 
 obvius : he put U imxelf in my w., se mihi 
 obvium deitit : uliu puts himself in my 
 XV., qui obviani obsisiit niilii. I'l. Am. }, 
 4, 2 : to be in the n: (hinder), obesse, 
 obstare, imptHJire, inipedinieiito esse: 
 out of the w. : dijvius (of the high-road) : 
 
 u'e have seen tlictt tn. was put (by nay of an out of the w. path, devlum iter Cic 
 
 .\eal), in illo t<'stimonlo ceram esse vidi 
 mus, Cic. Place. 16, )"]. Phr. : images 
 of w. arranged through the hall, dis- 
 positae per atria lerae, Ov. F. I, 591 : 
 easy os iv. to turn tonards vice, a-reus 
 in vltlum flecli, Hor. A. P. 165 : sealing- 
 w. •cera sigiiatoria a w. seal, *signuni 
 annuli cera e.xpressum. 
 
 -candle : *candela cerea : cereus 
 
 funali*, Val. Max. : cert-us (simply) : 
 
 Cic: V. WAX-I-IOHT. 
 
 -chandler : * qui ceram venum 
 
 dat (Kr.) : * cerarius (Uloss ). 
 
 coloured : cgrinus : Plin. j 
 
 doll : * pupiila cerea ( Kr.). 
 
 -light : cereus : frankincense 
 
 and wjs liy the images, ad statuas thus 
 et cerei, Cic. Off. }, 20, 80. 
 
 waxen : 1. cereus : o u). image, 
 cerea effigies, Hor. S. I, 8, jo. 2. ce- 
 ratus (coated with w.) : a w. tablet, 
 cerata tabula, PI. Asiu. 4, i, 18. 
 
 waxy : cerosus w. honey, cerosum 
 mel, I'lin. 
 
 way : 1. ^'^^ (tti^ most gen. 
 
 Latin word ; rocul, journey, manner ; 
 corresponding widely to the Knglish 
 uses of nay) : I was going along the 
 sacred w., Iham via sacra, Hor. Sat. i, 
 9, 1 : Appius made a pavid iv. (a raised 
 Roman road), Appius viam munivit, 
 Liv. 9, 29 : a dusti/ ii.,pulverulenta via, 
 Cic. Att. 5, 14, ' : / tnrned out of the 
 w. to the right, ad dextram de via decli- 
 navi, id. Kin. ;, 2, 5 : to sheir the w., 
 monstrare v., Juv. 14, 105: two w.s led 
 to Luceria, dnae ad Luceriam ferebant 
 v., I.,iv. 9, 2 : he takfs his w., it v., Virg. 
 Aen. 6, 122: take your w., carpe v., ib. 
 629 : to enter on a w., iiisistere v., Ter. 
 Eun. 2, J, 2: I have a certain w. (»nan- 
 ner) and plan, habeo certain v. ac ra- 
 tionem, Cic. Verr. Act. i, 16, 48 : »•.« not 
 so much of justice as of liligatum, non 
 tarn Justitiae quam litigandl viae, id. 
 Leg. I, 6, 18. 2. iter, iiinerls, n. 
 (journey, road, manner, this last use 
 rare in prose) • / will tell you on the 
 u)., dicam in itinere, Ter. Ph. ?, ;, j;: 
 whither does your iv. lie ? quo iter i\st 
 tibi .' Hor. S. i, 9. 16: they thought they 
 must hasten their w., niaturandimi iter 
 exlstimabant, Caes. B. C. i, 6j : there 
 were two w.s by which they could leave 
 home, erant duo itinera quibus domo 
 exire posf=ent, Caes. B. (!. 1,6: we must 
 open a iv. by our swords, ferro 1. aperien- 
 dum est. Sail. C. 58: the iv. (path) of 
 my duty, i. officii uiei, Cic. Att. 4, 2, i : 
 fortun* points out the w. of safety, iuv- 
 tuna salutts monstrat i., Virg. Aen. 2, 
 587. 3. cui-sus, lis (course) : to 
 
 hold on one's w. with a most favourable 
 wind, secundissimo vento cursum te- 
 nere, Cic. N. I). }, 54, 8}. 4, niOdus 
 (manner): they are not alnays treated 
 in the same uay, non semper Iractaiitur 
 uno modo, Cic. Or. J> : in every w., om- 
 nibus modis, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 79: in this 
 It'., ad hiinc modiim, Caes. B. G. 5, 24: 
 in a wondeiful w., mlrum in m., Caea. 
 B. G. I, 41." 5. ritio (plan, system, 
 method; ibe most extensive equivalent 
 for the Knglish nay in significations of 
 this kind) : the same w. and line of de- 
 
 avlus (lonesom--, 'paUtless), Lucr. : Liv. : 
 Virg. : longinquus, remotus : v. Di.s- 
 TANT : out of the w. and abstruse 
 matters, reconditae abstnisaequc reii, 
 Cic. Brut. 11,44: mU of the common u\, 
 extra ordinem, Cic. : to be out if the w. 
 (absent, not at hand): abcssi>, non 
 praesto esse : longe abesse (far away) : 
 get out 0/ the way, abi, apage, I'l.: go 
 your w.,\,a\j\: I'l.: Ter.: com^ this iv., 
 concede hue : PI. : Ter. : a Imtg tv. off, 
 diBtans, longinquus to be a long w. off, 
 longe abesse, distare : he met him half- 
 way, ad medium viae obvius fuit, Liv. 
 }j. I • <" make »•., progredi (to pro- 
 gress) : prolicere (to p)o>p<:r) : to make 
 w. (yield), cedere, ilecedero : to give u:, 
 cedere (yield) ; laUire, nutare (to give 
 w, from wexiknes.':) : to have one's own 
 w., *res pro arbitrio gerere, vincere 
 tis hard fighting with one who will 
 have his n;, contendere durum est cum 
 victore, Hor. S. I, 9, 42; have it your 
 ou-n tv., •esto ut lubet : vincas sino : to 
 go out of one's iv. to do, sine cau>a 
 (ultro) facere : a right of w., iter, actus, 
 Cic. Caec. 26, 74 : le.s and means, re- 
 ditus, opes, pecuniae: v. rkvknuk, 
 EEi^ouRCKs : w. of o ship, impetus : one 
 hand steers a ship however much w. she 
 may have on, navem manus una regit 
 quantovls inipele eunli ni. Lucr. 4, 904 : 
 to gi-t midir w., ab ancora solvi, an- 
 curam .--iilvcre, UiUcre (to weigh anchor). 
 
 wayfarer: viator: the penniless w. 
 will .%iny before the rubber, caniabit 
 vacuus coram latrone viator, Juv. 10, 
 22 : a weary w., lassus viator. Mart. 2, 
 6, 14. 
 
 wayfaring-tree : viburnum : the 
 
 pliant w.s. liiila viburna. Virg. K. i, 26. 
 
 waylay: insidii.r, t ; let us it". Tuscan 
 
 boars, Tuscis insidiemur apris, Mart. 
 
 12, 14, 10 : V. WATT, AMBrSII. 
 
 waymark : * columna, plla itineris 
 index (Kr.). 
 
 wayside: I'lir. : by the w. : ad 
 viam: a nut-tree by Die w., iiu.\ juncta 
 viae, Ov. Nux Kleg. i : aw. inn : (1.) 
 deversoritmi, Cic. (2.) deverticulum : 
 r.-r. Tac. 
 
 wayward : 1. pertinax (persistent 
 in one's own way, wilful): fortune leuv- 
 ward in her tyrannous sjiort, fortuna 
 ludum insolentem ludere pertinax, Hor. 
 Od. ?, 29, 50. 2. iiiconstans (change- 
 able) : the w 7vi7ids, iiiconstantes ventl, 
 Plin. i3, ;5. 80. 3. 16^'s. mobills, 
 mulabills, etc. : v. chanokaiili:. 
 
 waywardness : 1. libido, inis,/. .- 
 
 fortune glorifies and obscurei: actions 
 rather from iv. than acconling to truth. 
 fortuna res ex llbidine magis quam ex 
 vero celebrat obscuratque, Aill. C. 8: 
 xvhich rests with another's will, not to 
 sa>i w., qiKHl positum est in alti^nus 
 voluiitale, ne dicam lihidine, Oc. Fam. 
 9, 16, }. 2. impetus, us (ivayward 
 impulse in particular cases): toad from 
 w. rather than from reftectinn, •inipetu 
 potius quam cogltatione agere. 3. 
 
 levitas, inconstantia, etc.: v. fickle- 
 ness, CAPKIOK. 
 
 we : n""'' nosmet (emphatic), uos- 
 met ip'si (we ourselves). Like the other 
 
 personal pronouns, nos need not be 
 expr. before the Jirst pert. plur. ol 
 vfrbs, unless for t•n>phasi.^ or dii4ioc- 
 tiun. Thus: we all must netdt go the 
 same way, omnes eodeui CiTgimur, !>ur. : 
 but : we (it it we that) maJ^e y</U a 
 goddess. Fortune, nos te facimub, F'or- 
 tuna, deam, Juv. 
 
 weak : 1. infirmus (opp. to fir- 
 mus, validuB, fortis ; to. in body, mind, 
 or resources , used both of persims ar>d 
 of things): I am vrryw., sum udmodum 
 'nfirmu.s, Cic. Aiad. 1,4, 14 n. heulih, 
 intinna valetudo, id. Brut. 48, 180: a 
 feeble and w. mind, tenuis alque i. ani- 
 mus, Caes. B. C. i, J2 : a w. stale, L 
 clvita-s, Caes. B. ti. 7, 17 w. t^curitia, 
 i. cauliunes, Cic. Fam. 7. 18, i. 2. 
 
 debllis. e (unreadu, useUst, w. from 
 defe':tf): were you to girt a nvord to a 
 helpless or w. obi man, si gladium im- 
 beclllo seni nut debili dederis, Cic. Seat. 
 10, 24: one is w. in the thoublee, one in 
 the loins, one in the hip, ille bumero, 
 bio lumhis, hie coxa debllis, Juv. 10, 
 227 : who ivould be so w. in this part of 
 his mind:" qui hac parte aninii lam de- 
 bills esset? Cic. Brut. 61, 219 a ytae- 
 torship disableil and w., manca et de- 
 bills praetura, id. Mil. 9, 25. 3. Im- 
 becillus (inwardly and essentially 10.); 
 a w. man is torn to pieces oy a strung 
 beast, homo Inihecillus a vahiitlssiiDA 
 bestia laniatur, Cic. Fam. 7, i, }: Ute 
 medicine is weaJcec than the disease, 
 imbecillior est medicina quam morbus, 
 Cic. Att. 10, 14. 2: a to. mind, i. animus, 
 id. Div. 2, 60, 12;. 4. invilldus 
 
 (having but little strength : 41pp. in va- 
 lidus, robustns); Camillas now Ihrougk 
 old age w. for bodily service, CamillUR 
 jam ad munera corporis senecla inva- 
 lidiLS, Liv. 6. 8 : walls w. against astail- 
 ants, moenia adversiis Irrumpentes in- 
 validii, Tac. A. 12, 16. 5. languidus 
 (faint, sluggish ; it describes the effect 
 of weaJcness) : w. with wine and wake- 
 ful orgies, vino vigililsque languidus, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 12, Ji: aw. str-iam. 1. 
 aqua, Liv. i, 4: a vj. ant enervated 
 philosopher, 1. et enervatus philo^ophus, 
 Cic. de Or. i, 52, 226. 6. coniectus 
 (^made w., by weariness, etc.) : iveaned 
 and w., fessi confectique, Liv. i. 2!, fin. 
 7. fractus (broken) : our age nova 
 is so w., jamque adeo fracta e^t aetas, 
 Lucr. 2, 1 151 what is so w., so petty f 
 quid est tam fractuni, lam mlnuiuni.' 
 Cic. Brut. 8?, 287. 8. enervatus 
 
 (nerveless, utterly to.) : to. men, homines 
 enervati, Cic. Sest. 10, 24 ; a w. and 
 womanish opinion, enervala mullebris- 
 que sententia, id. Tusc. 2, 6. 15 : a soft 
 and w. philosophy, mollis et e. ratio. Ib. 
 4, 17. }8. 9. aeger. ra, rum (p>>etical; 
 feeble as with disease) : to. mortals, mor- 
 tales aegri, Virg. A<n. 2, 268 : you pro- 
 long w. hopes Quipes that have no healthy 
 strengtii and must fall), spes ixtendltis 
 aegras, .Sil. 9, ,-4?. 10. levi>, e (w. 
 where uYight implies strength) : you 
 seek oOier (arguments) teorlhttss and w., 
 alia quaedam inania et levia conquiris, 
 Cic. Plane. 26. 6} : a thing Uiat is w. 
 and of no validity, quiJ leve et inflr- 
 mum est, id. Ro^c. Com. 2, 6. IL 
 tenuis, e (Win, and so tig. slender, to.); 
 a w. constitution, tenuis valetudo. Id. de 
 Sen. II, :;: a vain and to. hope, Inanis 
 et tenuis spi-s, id. Rose. Com. 14. 41. 
 12 exilis, e (thin): a w. voice, ex- 
 ilis vox, yulnt 11, }, 15. 13. exlguus 
 (scanti/, w., where number or fulness 
 makes strength): w. forces, ••xiguae 
 copiae, Oies B. C. 2, [9: « strong or w. 
 voice, vox graudis aut exlgua. Quint ii, 
 }_ ,5. 14. liflM's. Oils (10. where 
 
 keenness is strength) ; I'Uh eyes being 
 nuturally w., ulroque ociilo natara be- 
 beti', Plin. 9, 15, 20: the senses they 
 thought w. ani slow, sensus hrbet«s et 
 tard'os arbltrab;iiitur, Cic. .\oad. 1. 8. 
 }i. Phr.: weaker in ships, inferior 
 navibus, Caes. B. C. i, 57- ""^ weaker 
 in the I'tig contest, minor lu certomine 
 longo, Hor. Ep. I, 10, is: to be w.: 
 langnere, parum valere : to crow to, 
 deficere 'to fail): to attack any one's 
 9}g
 
 WEAKEN 
 
 W E A I. T H T 
 
 WEAR 
 
 iu. side, * nudum latus Invadere; in his 
 letters he attacks his sister and his 
 mother on tlisir iv. side, epistolis et 
 sororis et mairis Imbecillitatem aucu- 
 patur, Cic. Flacc. J7, 92. 
 
 weaken : 1. iufirmo, 1 : lie had 
 
 w.'d the other legions bi/ indiscriminate 
 granting of leave, reliquas legiones pro- 
 miscuis commeatibus infirmaverat. Tac. 
 A. 15, 10: to w. the credit of a tvitness, 
 testis fidem infinnare, Cic. Rose. Com. 
 15. 45- 2. debiUto, i : the tongue 
 w.'d by sufering, lingua debilitata ma- 
 lis, Lucr.' 6, 1149 • old age w.s the 
 strength of the mind, senecius debilitat 
 vires animi, Virg. Aen. 9, 611. 3. 
 enervo, i (a strong word); slf.ep, ban- 
 quets, and ease have w.'d body and 
 spirit, somnus et vinum et epulae ener- 
 vaverunt corpora animosque, Liv. 2j, 
 18, ad fin. 4. frango, fregi. fractuiii, 
 J (because coherence of parts consti- 
 tutes strengtli) : to w. and siibdue tribes, 
 nationes frangere doraareque, Cic. Prov. 
 Cons. I J, {j: to be w.'d by pain, dolore 
 frangi, id. Kin. 2, 29, 9?. 5. com- 
 minuo, ui, utum, j : Ldelius broke and 
 w.'d Viriathus, Laelius fregit et com- 
 minuit Viriathum, Cic. 0£f. 2, 11, 40 to 
 w. and impair a sense of duty, rom- 
 ininuere et violare ofBciura, id. yuint. 6. 
 26. 6. imminuo : they w.'d their 
 
 bodies by ease, tlieir minds by passion, 
 corpus otio, animum libidinibus imnii- 
 nuebant, Tac. H. 2, 9J. 7. el6vo, i {to 
 ksten, disparage) : to w. suspicions, 
 elevare suspiciones, Cic. Am. 24, 88 
 that which w.s an adversary (his argu- 
 ments), quod elevat adversarium, id. de 
 Or. 2. 58, 2?6. 8. attgnuo, i : a 
 
 legion xv.'d (thinned) by battles, legio 
 proeliis atienuata, Caes. B. C. ;, 89. 
 
 9. e.xtgnuo, I : / saw my hope w.'d 
 and vanishing, vidi spem nostram ex- 
 tenuari et evanescere, Cic. Att. }, I?, i. 
 
 10. labefacto, i (to make to totter) : 
 the year befwe had w.'d the farmers, 
 superior annus labefacturat aiatores, 
 Cic. Verr. j, 18, 47 : with hope of w.ing 
 (shaking) their alUgiance, spe labetac- 
 tandae fidei, Liv. 24, 20, fin. H. he- 
 beto, I (tu bluht, dull) : with mind and 
 body w.'d, animo et corpore hebetato. 
 Suet. Claud. 2. 12. obtundo, tudi, 
 tilsum, J (to blunt by blmcs) : / toould 
 not have tlie abilities of young men w.'d, 
 their shameUssness strengthened, ado- 
 lescentium ingenia obtundi nolui, cor- 
 roborari impudentiam, Cic. de Or. j, 24, 
 9?. [N.B. — The English to iveaken is 
 a general and e.xtensive word : the 
 Latins use special verbs, which nega- 
 tive partii ular elements of strength, or 
 express elements of weakness. The 
 proper verb must be self-cted with due 
 regard to the context: probably some 
 few might be added to the above, as 
 possible to use in composition, though 
 not of themselves equivalents of to 
 weaken.] 
 
 weakening: 1. debnitatio: a 
 w. of your spirit, d. animi tui, Cic. Pis. 
 j6. 2. intractio ; a rertain tc. and 
 dejection of the mind, infractio quae- 
 dam animi et dejectio, Cic. Tusc. j, 
 7. 14- 3. demiiiutio: interpreting 
 the exaltation of the uoman as a w. 
 (lowerivg)ofhir)iself, muliebre fastigiura 
 in deminulionem sui accipiens, Tac. A. 
 I, 14. Weakening is more often expr. 
 by the verbs e. g. : luxury cannot 
 be indulged nithout a »". of the consti- 
 tution, *luxiiriae mm indulgetur nisi ut 
 enervetur (debilitetur, frangatur) cor- 
 »X)ris valetudo. 
 
 weakly (adv.): 1. infimie: Cic. 
 2. imbecille (only imbecillius 
 found in Cic). 3. parum valide (in- 
 valide only in Arnob.). More com- 
 monly expressed by circumlocution with 
 adj. 
 
 weakly (<^7•) • invalidus, aeger : v. 
 
 WEAK. 
 
 weakness: 1. infirmitas: w.of 
 body, i. corporis, Cic. Brut. 91, Jij: iv. 
 of mental pon-er,\. animi, id. Rose. Am. 
 4, 10. 2. debtlitas: w. of limbs, 
 
 membninim d., Liv. jj, 2 : w. of mind, 
 940 
 
 animi d., Cic. Fin. i, 15,49. S- ™' 
 
 liecillitas: disease and w. of body, mor- 
 bus et i. corporis, id. Att. 11, 6, 4 : on 
 aecounl of w. and helplessness tve require 
 friendship, propter imliecillitatem atque 
 inopiam desiderata est amicitia, id. Am. 
 8, 26 : u'. of judgment, i. consilii. id. 
 Fin. I, J 2, 117. 4. languor (ic. visibly 
 evidenced li.i/ languor) : the mind owing 
 to the body's u<. cannot use limbs or 
 senses, animus languore corporis nee 
 membris uti nee sensibus potest, id. 
 Div. 2, 62, 128. 5. Ifivitas (of argu- 
 
 ments, etc.) : the w. of ivhich opinion 
 uants no words (to refute it) from me, 
 cujtis opinionis levltas non desiderat 
 orationem meam, id. N. D. 2, 17, 45- 
 6. tenuitas : the w. of tite treasury. 
 taerarii. id. Off. 2, 21, 74- 7. exilitas: 
 the w. of a woman's voice, t. femineae 
 vocis, Quint, i, 11, i. 8. mollilles, 
 ei ; or, -la, ae, f. (softness, irresolution) : 
 you knmv our Mcias' feebleness and 
 w., nosti Niciae nostri imbecillitatem, 
 mollitiam, Cic. Att. 12, 26, 2 : it is iv. of 
 mind not to be able to endure want for 
 a time, animi est mollitia inopiam 
 paulisper ferre non posse, Caes. B. G. 
 7. 77 : of such w. (tenderness) and 
 gentleness am I, qua mollitia sum ac 
 lenitate, Cic. SuU. 6, 18. 9. vilium, 
 culpa, error : v. fault, failing. P h r. : 
 w. of a kingdom, state: *regni, reipub- 
 licae opes attritae, fractae, senescentes : 
 w. of the ei/cs, *oculi hebetiores; and 
 often w. of a thing, would be expr. in 
 [iatin by the adj. 
 
 ■weai: I. Welfare: prosper! tas, 
 
 utilitas, etc. : v. weLfaric. P h r. . the 
 common w.,puhlicw., respublica, bonnm 
 pulilicum, publica (communis omnium) 
 utilitas: the w. or woe of the Romun 
 pi-ople, populi Romani prospera vel 
 ad versa, Tac. A. I, 1 ; faithful in w. 
 and woe, *per prosperas idem advers- 
 asque res fidus. 1|. A inark of a 
 
 bUnv: vlbex, icis,/. : the marks and w.s 
 of stripes, verberum vulnera atque 
 vibices, Plin. jo. ij, 19. 
 
 wealth: I. Riches, plenty : 1. 
 divitiae, arum (gen. term, applied to w. 
 of many kinds) : some set before tliem 
 w., others power, divitias alii praepo. 
 nunt, alii potentiam, Cic. Am. 6, 20 ; 
 your heir will possess your piled up 
 
 1,of*'r\<i ^f tn ovctrn^tw in olt.nni divitii.si 
 
 heaps of w., exstructis in altum divitiis 
 potletur heres, Hor. Od. 2, J. 2o : in 
 the language of Crassus I saw the w. 
 and the beauties of his mind, in oratione 
 Crassi divitias atque ornamenta ejus 
 ingenii perspexi, Cic. de Or. i, j;, 161. 
 2. ope.s, 6pnm (resfMrces) : affluent 
 in IV. and plenty, opibus et copiis 
 affluentes, id. Agr. 2. jo, 82 . another 
 hoards up his u>., condit opes alius, Virg. 
 G. 2, 507. 3. opulentia (great tv.) : 
 
 as a state v>e are in poverty, as indi- 
 viduals in w., publice egestatera, pri- 
 vatim opulentiam habemus. Sail. C. 52, 
 med. : ttie w. of the Lydians, Lydorum 
 opulentia, Tac. A. 4, 55. 4. copia 
 
 (plenty, store; usually qualified by a 
 genitive) : the tax-farmers brought 
 their tv. into that province, publican! 
 suas copias in illam jirovinciam contu- 
 lerunt, Cic. Mauil. 7, 17: w. of matter 
 begets w. of words, rerum copia ver- 
 borum copiam gignit, id. de Or. j, ji, 
 12;. 5. ahundsintia (over ffoiving IV.) : 
 IV. and plenty of everything, omnium 
 rerum abundantia et copia, Oic. Am. 2J, 
 87. II. Prosperity : v. fbosprritt. 
 
 P h r. : ma>l you live in health and w., 
 *valens beatusque (et felix) vitam agas. 
 wealthy: 1. dl^es, itls (rich; 
 
 used abs., or with qualificalion) : the w. 
 man courts me though jmor, pauperem 
 dives mp petit, Hor. Od. 2, 18, 10: w. in 
 fcnds, dives agris, Hor. S. i, 2, I? : w. in 
 cattle, d. pecoris, Virg. E. 2, 20. 2. 
 locuples, etis (stronger than dives) : 
 moneyed and w. men, pecuniosl et locu- 
 pletes, Cic. Kep. 2, 9, 16 : a w. and well- 
 filled house, 1. et referta domus, id. de Or. 
 I, 55, 161 : w. in words, rather meagre 
 in matter, oratione 1., rebus ipsis iejunior, 
 id. Fin. 5, 5, IJ. 8. Opulens, opii- 
 
 lentus (ridi in means and resources ; \ sdmb, to w aste. 
 
 opp. to inops) : w. and prosperous, 
 opulentus fortunatusque, id. Off. 2, 20, 
 70 : a part of Numidia more w. in men, 
 pars Numidiae viris opulentior, Sail. J. 
 i6 : provinces w. in money, provinciae 
 pecuniae opulentae, Tac. H. 2, 6. 4. 
 abundans (overfixnving) . a man not in- 
 deed of extravagant splendour, but yet 
 wealthy, non luxuriosus quidem homO; 
 sed abundans, Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66 : his 
 language was not w. (luxuriant), yet not 
 poor, non erat ab., non inops tamen oratio, 
 id. Brut. 67, 2j8. 5. copiosus : /ur- 
 nished and w. in everything, rebus 
 omnibus omatus et copiosus, id. Cat. 2, 
 8, 18: afuU,varied,andw.style,mviltA 
 et varla, et c. oratio, id. de Or. 2, 5}, 214. 
 6. beatus (prospered with good 
 things) : a most rich aud w. state, opu- 
 lentissimaet beatissima civitas, id. N. D. 
 }, J !. 81 : w. enough with my one Sabine 
 farm, satis beatus unicis Sabiuis, Hor. 
 Od. 2, 18, 14. 7. fortunatus (well 
 off): aw. and powerful man, f. et 
 potens, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 69. 8. pecii- 
 niosus (w. in money) homo pecuniosia- 
 simus, a most w. man, Cic. Verr. 5, 9, 
 24. Ph r. : (0 be w. in anything, aliqua 
 re florere, abundare, aflluere, circum- 
 fluere : Cic. : to become w., locupletari ■ 
 Cic. : to make w., divitiis, fortunis, etc. 
 augere, amplificare: Cic: very w., per- 
 dives: Cic: praedives: Liv.: Tac. 
 
 wean: I. Lit.: Phr. : tow. an 
 infant : infantem lacte depellere, ab 
 ubere depellere : a lion just w.'d from 
 the teat of his tawny mother, fulvae ma- 
 tris ab ubere jam lacte depulsus leo, Hor. 
 Od. 4, 4, 14 ; prohil)ere a matre (cf. Virg. 
 G. t, i98); *auf«'rre ubei Ibus, a mamma 
 disjungere (Georg.) : the yimnggraduilfily 
 become w.'d from the mother, catiiji (a 
 matre) minutatim desuefiunt, Varr.f ft. 
 2,9,12. II. Fig. : to (c.ony one /«i' a 
 habit : desuefacere (only found in /«ss. 
 voice) : dedocere (to unteach) : vie,' je 
 w.s the people from the use of Jalse 
 terms, \nitus populum falsis dedocet uti 
 vocibus, Hor. Cki. 2, 2, 20 : to be ir.-d 
 from : desueBeri : the multitude now 
 w.d from (their love of) harangues, 
 multitudo jam desuefacta a contionibus, 
 Cic. Clii. 40. no; o beast w.'d from its 
 fury, (era rabiem desueta, Stat. Tbeb. 5, 
 2JI : you must w. yoursi'lf from your 
 yV«tt-(;asA;e(s. dediscendae tibi suntspor- 
 tellae, Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2. 
 
 weapon : 1. teium (esp. of missUe 
 w.s; but also used of any offensive 
 weapon) : they uere hurling tv.s, tela 
 conjiciebant, Caes. B. G. i, 26 : Ajaxfell 
 on his sword, Ulysses drew the w. out of 
 his body, Ajax ferro incubuit, Ulixes e 
 corpore telum educit, Auct. Her. i, 11, 
 18. Fig.: the goodwill of the citizens 
 is no unimportant w. for achieving suc- 
 cess, non mediocre telum ad res gereudas 
 beuevolenlia civium, Cic. Am. 17, 81. 
 2, arma, orum (implements of war) : 
 V. ARMS. Phr.: furnished with w.s 
 against wrongs, armatus contra injurias. 
 Sail. J. JI. 
 
 wear (subs.) : tritus, us (rubbing) : 
 Cic. Phr.: w. and tear, detrimen- 
 tum: intertrimenlum : Scaevola Dig. : 
 V. waste. 
 
 wear («•) •• A. T r a n s. : \, To 
 impair by rubbiiig : 1. tero, tilvi, 
 tritum, i : time iv.s hard fiint, tempus 
 terit rigidas silices, Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 14 ; a 
 worn (threadbare) garment, Irita vestis, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 19. j8. 2. attero: fliznni- 
 bal had greatly worn down the strength 
 o//fa/3/,"Hannibal Italiae opes maxime 
 attriverat. Sail. J. 5- 3. detgro : stone 
 pavements worn by the feet of midtitudes, 
 strata volgi pedibus detrita viarum saxea, 
 Lucr. I, }i6. 4. cont6ro(the strongest 
 compound of tero) ; we w. out our oxen, 
 conterimus bores, Lucr. 2, 1160: to w. 
 out a book by constant reading, conterere 
 librum legendo, Cic. Fam. 9, 25, I. 5. 
 tSnuo, 1 (to Tnake thin) : a worn body, 
 tenuatum corpus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 84. 6. 
 exfido, edl, esum, 5 (to eat away'): sor- 
 70W W.S the mind, aegritudo exest ani- 
 mum, Cic. Tusc. }, 1 J, 27 : v. to con- 
 
 To wtar, carry
 
 WEARIED 
 
 WEAVE 
 
 WEED 
 
 on tJu body, ax clothes : 1. gfiro. 
 
 eeesi, gestum, j : to w. a garment. 
 vestem gerere, Lucr. ;, 1419 : to w. 
 omamentt, omamenta g.. Suet. Cae». 
 84. 2. gi'sto, I : he wore a laurd 
 eliapUt, coronam aurcani gestavit. Suet. 
 Tib. 69 : to w. a ring on the finger, g. 
 gemmamdigitu, Pliti. 2, 6;. 6?. The part. 
 wearing may be expressed by : (i.) lii- 
 dutus (of any garment) : weanng any- 
 thing you like, qiiidlibet iiidiitus, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 17, 28: w.ing slippers, iiiclulus 
 soccis, Cic. de Or. j, J2. ii-1- (2-) Smic- 
 tas (of upper gamu^ils) : w.ing a toga. 
 amictUB toga, Cic. I'liil. 2, }+ 85. Or 
 single I^tin words may be used. ace. to 
 the special article : w.ing shoes, cal- 
 ceatus: w.ing a toga, togatus : w.ing a 
 cloak, palliatus (palliolatira amictiis, 
 PI.): w.ing the praeti'Xla, praete.xtatus. 
 B. In trans.: To stand wear: 
 Phr.: to w. (last) through all time, om- 
 nem durare per aevoni, Lucr. j, 604 : 
 they will w. well and iinproee by age, 
 annos fereiit et vetustate proficient. 
 Quint. 2, 4, ad init. 
 
 wearied : 1. fatigatus : w. with 
 
 labour and battle, labore proeliiwiue 
 fatigati. Sail. J. 76. 2. ilcRtigatus 
 {utteily w.) : that t)ie fresh and new 
 troops might relieve the w., ut inttgri et 
 recentes defatigatis succederent, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 17. 3. fessus: w. tt'ith war, 
 militia fessus, Hor. Od. j, 4, j8. 4. 
 defesans : 10. with the busineas of the 
 forum, forensibus negotiis defessus, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 6, 2J. Phr.: thoroughly w.. 
 lassitudine confectus, oppressus ; Caes. : 
 w. and breatliless with running, cursu 
 ac lassitudine exanimatus, Caes. B. G. 
 
 1, 2} : V. TIKE1>. 
 
 weariness: 1. lassitude, Inis,/.: 
 
 to skip nune soundly from w., arctius 
 ex las.->itudine dormire, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14. 
 
 2. fatigatio (o being tired out; 
 implying great previous e.xertion ; and 
 stronger than lassituito) : w. of horses 
 »nd men, f. equorum atque hominum, 
 Liv. 22, 15. 3. defatigatio: w. and 
 tatiety, d. et satietas, Cic. Phil. 5. 7, 20. 
 
 4. languor (faintness, langwrr) : 
 this walking has l/rought on me a w., 
 haec deanibtilatio me ad languorem 
 dedit, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 5. 5. taedinni 
 (fl feeling of disgust at what has lasted 
 '00 long) : a w. at the iiar, taedium belli, 
 Liv. 8, 2, in it. 
 
 wearisome ; 1. opcrosus (costing 
 
 trouble) : a w. and troublesome task, 
 labor operosus et niolestus, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 2?. 59- 2. lalioriosus : iwthing will 
 be more to. and troublesome tlian a pro- 
 vince, nihil erit laboriosius niolestiusque 
 provincla,Cic. I^eg. j, 8, 19. 3. molestus 
 (anmying, entailing trouble which is 
 grudged all the while) : a troublesome 
 and w. province, provincia negutiosa et 
 moiesta, Cic. Mur. 8, 18. 4. longus 
 (tedi/rus, long) : not to make a w. tale, ne 
 longuni faciam, Hor. S. i, j, i J7- Phr.: 
 I find this w., taedet me (taedium me 
 capit) hujus rei : PI. : Ter. : Cic. 
 
 wearisomely: 1. opCrose: Cic. 
 2. laboriose: PL: Cic. 
 
 weary (<kO.)- 1. 'assus: J have 
 come VI. from a journey, lassus veni de 
 via. PL Ps. 2, 2, 66: poppies with w. 
 (drooping) neck, lasso papavera coUo, 
 Virg. Aen. 9, 456. 2. languldus 
 
 (faint from weariness) : the oxen dratv- 
 ing the plough with w. neck, voroerem 
 boves collo trahentes languido, Hor. 
 Epod. 2, 64. 3. fessus, fatigatus, etc. 
 (these woids expressing fatigue from 
 actual exertion, which weary in English 
 does not always imply): v. wearied. 
 Phr.: to groiv weary (tired) : fatigarl, 
 lassjirl : / am w. of this : taedet me 
 hujus rei, satietas me tenet (where dis- 
 like is more predominant than /aii</t;<) ; 
 
 V. WEARISOME. 
 
 weary ("•) A. Trans.; 1. fa- 
 tigo, I : vhm they had w.'d themselvfs 
 ^vith fighting, quum pngna semet ipsl 
 fatigassent, Liv. 8, 10. init. 2. defut- 
 Igo, 1 (to w. out) : when they w.'d out our 
 men with constant labours, quum nos- 
 tios assidao labore defatigarent, Caes. 
 
 B. ti. 7, 41. 3. lasso. I (poet.) that 
 a longer letter w. not your weal: ttmiy, 
 longior intirmum ne lasset eplstola 
 corpus. Ov. Her. 20, 241. 4. oblundo, 
 tiidi. tusuin, ? (to w. by importunity) : 
 do not ic. me ncer and over again on 
 this matter, ne me obtuiidas de hac re 
 saepius, I'er. Ad. i, 2. ;?: that lengthi- 
 Twss may not be thought to have w.'d 
 your hearers, ne longitudo obtiidisse 
 aures videatur, Cic. Or. 66. 221. B. 
 
 1 n t r a n s. : to weary of a thing : 1. 
 defatigor, i dep. ; / will never rest vor 
 w., nuiiquam conquiescam neque defatj- 
 gabor, Cic. de Or. }, j6, 145. 2. d£- 
 retiscor, fessus, } : / will not u: of 
 trying, non defetlscar experlricr, Ter. 
 Ph. 4, I, 2? : V. To TIBE. 
 
 weasand : v. w ixdpipf, throat. 
 weasel: musteia: inin. : Fig.: / 
 
 am resolved never to trust a v. again, 
 cerium 'st mustelae posthac nunquam 
 cr.dHP-, I'l. Stich. j, 2, 4J. 
 
 weather (subs.) : 1. caelum (the 
 stale of the atmosphere) : tlie varying 
 character of the w., varius caeli nios, 
 Virg. y. I, 51 -.fine w., c. serenum, Virg. 
 G. I, 260; stoi-my w. vith much rain 
 and clouds, v. crebris imbribus ac nebu- 
 lis foedum, Tac. Agr. 12 : inclemency of 
 w., caeli intemperies, Liv. 8, 18. 2. 
 tempestas (the w. of a particular time, 
 good or bcul) ; having got w favmirable 
 /or the voyage, nactus idoneam ad navi- 
 gandum tempestatem, Caes. B. G. 4, 
 2}: ckar H)., clara t., Virg. Aen. 9, 20: 
 beautiful w., egregia t., Cic. Att. 9, i }, 2 : 
 rough w., turbida t., PI. Rud. 4, j, ?: 
 foeda t., \A\. 2. 62 : very cold >r., t. per- 
 frigida, Cic. Verr. 4, 40. 86. Phr.: 
 clear cloudless v.:, liquidissima caeli 
 tempestas, Lucr. 4, 170 : dry «'., siccitas, 
 Liv. 40, 29, init. : fine u:, serenilas, Cic. 
 Div. 2, 45, 94: tranquilla serenita.s, Liv. 
 2, 62: rainy w., inibres, Col.: stormy 
 V)., tempesia-s, Virg.: Lucr., etc. (and all 
 varieties of weather niaj' be expressed 
 by the special words for unnds, tluinder. 
 etc.) ; the w. side, *pars opposita vento. 
 
 weather (».)•• I. A nautical 
 
 phrase : to w. a cape (to gH round it in 
 spite of adverse poinds) : * per adversos 
 (obliquos) ventos promontorium circum- 
 vehl : (circumvehi, used in Liv. 8, 2, is not 
 enough by it.solf, as it does not imply the 
 difficulty). II. tow.(oTw.out)a storm: 
 *procellam durare: cf. Hor. Od. i, 14, 7, 
 vix durare carinae possint iniperlosius 
 aequor. Or use perferre, superare, vin- 
 cere (to endure, overcome). F i g. (from 
 either sense of weather) : to work your 
 way round and out of a difficulty, or to 
 last out, endure to the end and overcome : 
 
 * difficultates, res adversas, etc., eluc- 
 tari, superare, vincere ; durare, perferre : 
 to w. any trouble, quemvis durare labo- 
 rem, Virg. Aen. 8, 577 : he w.d many 
 stoi-ms, never to be sunk in the adverse 
 waves of trouble, aspera multa piertulit, 
 adversis rerum immersabilis undis, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 2, 22. 
 
 weather-beaten: * imbribus, tem- 
 
 pestate, etc. afHiitiis, Jaotatus (of the 
 actual hardships) (Kr.); duratus, asper 
 (of the personal appearance that re- 
 sults). 
 
 weather-cock: 'vexillmn vento- 
 rum indc.K (Kr.) : a brazen w. upon a 
 toner, * aeneus In turn venti variabilis 
 index. Fig.: of a .ih ifty, fickle person : 
 
 * ventis mobilior, Uvior. 
 
 weather-glass: *barometrum, fis- 
 tula Torrioelliana: (of no I.atin autho- 
 rity, as the thing did not exist). 
 
 weatherwlse: 'mutationum caell 
 peritus (Georg.): caili inlerpres. 
 Phr.: see that you be w., caeli variura 
 praedisoere morem cura sit, Virg. G. i, 
 
 5J- 
 
 weave : 1. t* xo, xui, xtum, ? : we 
 find her I'v.ing at the I'tom. texentem 
 "telam offendinius, Ter. Heaut. 2, I. 44: 
 coverings Jor the body either voivn or 
 seum, tegumenta corporum vel texta vel 
 suta, Cic N. P. 2,60, i;o: let a basket 
 lie woven of tivigs, texatur fisclna virga. 
 Virg. G. I, 266. Fig.: lov unweavfs 
 the work which your writings have 
 
 woven, amor quod tua t^xueront ecripU 
 retexit opus, Ov. Pont, i, j, }o. 2. 
 lnt*-xo (to w. in, among): to w. purple 
 marks among white threanU, purpureas 
 notas intexere albis fills, Ov. M. 6, 577. 
 3. contexo (to w. together) ; Me 
 iroven wool of sheep, vlllae ovluni con- 
 texuie, Cic. N. D. 2, 6|. i;8. 4. neeto, 
 xui and xi, xuni, } (of an y fattening) : 
 par.4ey for w.ing chapUts, nectendiii 
 apium curonis, Hor. Od. 4, 11, j. 5. 
 
 pl( cto, xui and xi, sum (to plait, mostly 
 us«'d in />a.«». part., and by ports): woven 
 cJiaplets. pl<-.\ae coronae, Lucr. 5. I J98. 
 
 weaver : lextor : mantles f truck fcy 
 tfie reed of the v'., lacernae percussae 
 textoris pecline, .luv. 9, ;o : a woman 
 w., textrix. Mart. 4. 19. I. Phr.; to.* 
 reed or slei/. jM-cten : wj yam-beam, 
 scapus . V. Smith's AnL p. 940. 
 
 web : 1. tf 'a (the w. while yet on 
 the loom): I'eneUipe unwea'iny her w., 
 Penelope telam retexens, Cic. Acad. 2, 
 2q. 95 : spiders' w.t, araniorum lelae, 
 PI. Stich. 2, 2, 25. 2. te.vtura (the 
 v.'oven thing when complete, with refer- 
 ence to the tfxture) : t/ie w. if Coan 
 Minerva, Coae textura Miiier\'ae, F'rop. 
 4, 5, 2?. 3. t«xtum (a vxiven piece): 
 costly IV.S, pretiosa texta. Ov. H. 17, 22}. 
 P h r. : the w.s (of the feet if nHmmtng 
 (ni'ci*), 'menibranae, membr.iiiulae : the 
 spider's w. that hangs Jium the roof, 
 sunimo quae pendet araneu tigno. Or. 
 11. 4, 179. 
 
 footed : P b r. : u'. birds, • n«- 
 
 tatores (swimmer.^) : water-birds have 
 webbed feet, * avium nataiitium digili 
 niemljranulis inter se conlinuantur. 
 
 wed : ^. TO MABBT. 
 
 wedded: I. Lit.: v. tomarkt. 
 
 II. Fig.: devoted, attached to : dedltos, 
 addictus, devotus (all constr. with dat.) : 
 amans, aniantlssinius (with gen.): to be 
 to. to a thing, niultusesse in re, totiis esse 
 in re; servjre, adiiaerescere allcui ivi ; 
 amplecti aliquid : he is w. to his </pinxon, 
 *in sententia obstinatus est (he isfimUy 
 fixed) : V. devoted, attached. 
 
 wedding-day: d'^s nuptiamm: to 
 fix tke w., *di'ni iiuptiis dicere, ellgere; 
 iiuptias in diem ronstituere: to tie at a 
 wedding feast, in nuptiis cenare, Cic 
 y. Fr. 2, J, 7. 
 
 wedge (subs.) : caneus : they used to 
 sjilit the cleavable %vood with w.s, cnnels 
 scinilebant fissile lignum, Virg. G. i, 144: 
 their lines are arranged in w.s. acies per 
 cuneos componitur, Tac. Germ. 6. Phr.: 
 the lond narroivs as it were to a 10., temi 
 velut in cunenm lenuatur, Tac Agr. 10. 
 
 wedge ("■)•■ cuneo, i: if anything 
 neeiLs w.ing in ivood. si quid cumandum 
 sit in ligno, Plin. 16, 40, 76: the moun- 
 tain pa-'S w.d in so as tn leave tmt a 
 nan ow ridge, jui^nm montis in angust- 
 um dorsum cuneatuni. Liv. 44, 4. 
 
 wedlock : matrinionlum ; v. mar- 
 riage. Phr. : born in lairful u-., "ex 
 jusio matrimonio susceptus ; justa uxore 
 natus; matre famllias ortus; legitinius 
 (legitimate, opp. to pellice ortus, noth- 
 us): bom out qfw.,nui\u (incerto) patre 
 natus, spurlus' ((iaius defines "spuril 
 filii " as '■ sine patre filii." nfffpring, 
 that is, of an unknou-n father and a 
 prostitute): pellice ortus. iKithus (of a 
 knoum father and a concubine): adul- 
 terino sanguine ortus (bom to one man 
 from anuthir'i wife): Plin. 
 
 Wednesday : 'J'*^ Mercurii. 
 
 weed (sulis.) : I. A luaii'iu or use- 
 less platit: herba infltllis. Infelix. »t*r- 
 ilis: by incantation com is miirrrd and 
 fades to a barrai to.,cannine la- s.i I'eres 
 sterilem VHnescit in herhim. Ov. Am. 
 J, 7, Jl : the w. darnel, iiifellx lolluro, 
 Virg. G. I. 154. Phr.: a frjient fed 
 on poisonous trj, colulx-r mala gramins 
 pasttis,Virg. Aen. 2. 471. ||. HVdoto'i 
 wj, i e. vwuming dreu : " vesies lugn- 
 bres viduarum. 
 
 weed (i"-) •■ 1- run"". ' low. out 
 thorns, r. spinas. Cat. : to ic. crops, r. 
 segetes. Varr. 2. erunco, 1 Col. : 
 or expr. by • stcrlles bcrbas evellere, 
 effodere, sarrire (to hoe). Phr.: ke 
 ws a garden, * hortnm steriles herbdS 
 941
 
 W E EDER 
 
 "WEIGHT 
 
 WELCOME 
 
 eligens purgat, Curt. 4, i, 21 : let us try 
 whether I more vigorousli/ vj. my mind, 
 w you m,y field oj brambhs, certemus 
 spinas anlmoiie ego fortius an tu evellas 
 agro, Hor. Ep. i, 14, 4. 
 
 weeder: 1. nmcator: Col. 2. 
 sarritor (hoer) : Varr. : Col. 
 
 week: 1. hebdomas, adis,/. (Cic. 
 uses it of the critical seventh day in 
 diseases, Fam. 16, 9; Gellius speaks of 
 the " hebdomades lunae," the inoon's 
 quarters : the Romans did not reckon 
 lime by weeks). 2. septimana : Cod. 
 rheod. Or expr. by septem dies, sep- 
 tem dierum spatium. Phr. : w. days 
 and holidays, dies profesti fastique (cf. 
 Liv. J4, j) : on w. days and holidays 
 {common and sacred days), profestis 
 lucibus et sacris, Hor. Od. 4, 15, 25 : cf. 
 sacri et negotiosl dies, Tac. A. 14, 41 : 
 w. day dress, *vestis quotidiana (Kr.). 
 
 weekly : *hebdomadalis : Sid. Phr. 
 IV. wages, wages paid w., * merces sep- 
 timo quoque die (per singulas hebdoma- 
 das) soluta. 
 
 ween: v. to think. 
 
 weep : 1. lacrimo, I (to shed tears, 
 as the consequence of emotion, whether 
 it be Joy or sorrow) : / was distressed at 
 your w.ing, te lacrimasse niolesle fere- 
 bam, Cic. Att. 15, 27, 2; / w. for joy, 
 lacrimo gaudio, Ter. Ad. j, j, 55 ; with 
 w.ing eyes, oculis lacrimantibus, Cic. 
 Sest. 69, 144 : is the girl w.ing for that f 
 num id lacnmat virgo? Ter. Eun. 5, i, ij 
 (this use is rare). 2. lacrlmor, 1, dej). 
 (distinguished iDy Georg. as meaning, to 
 be moved to tears ; the distinction in 
 sense seems doubtful): was there any 
 one wlio did not w. ! ecquis erat quin 
 lacriniarctur ? Cic. Verr. 5, 46, I2i. 
 3, fleo, evi, etuni, 2 {to sited tears 
 with sobs, to w. from grief) : he forbad 
 me to vj., ille me fiere prohibebat, Cic. 
 Rep. 6, 14: you would have forced the 
 stones to w. and lament, lapides fleie et 
 lameiitari coej^isses, Cic. de Or. i, 57, 
 24; : a mother w.s for her only son, fiet 
 unicum mater. Cat. jg, 5 : to w. /or the 
 death of a son, filii neiem f , Tac. A. 6, 
 10. 4. ploio, I (to w. and wail 
 
 aloud) : J am weary with w.ing, plor- 
 ando fessus sum, Cic. Att. 15, 9, i: to 
 w. over a crime, ploiare commissum, 
 Hor. Od. i, 27, j8, 5. lamentor, i 
 {of continued bitter w.ing): to w. sor- 
 rowfully, flebiliter lanjentari, Cic. Tusc. 
 2, 21, 49: / saw her w.ing for her 
 mother's death, vidi earn malrem 1. moi- 
 tuam. Per. Ph. i, 2, 46. 6. ejiilo 
 
 {to we.ep or wail as at a funeral) -. 
 Hercules himself he had seen w.ing 
 in the greatness of his sufferings, Her- 
 culem ipsum viderat magiiitudine do- 
 lorura ejulantem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 7, 19. 
 7. defleo, evi, etum. 2 (to w. over) : 
 we wept over impending misfortunes, 
 impendeutes casus deflevimus, Cic. Brut. 
 96, J 29. 8. deplore, i (strengthened 
 from ploro) : w.ing with mournful voice, 
 lamentabili voce deplorans, Cic. Tusc. 2, 
 U, Ji- 9. illacrimo and -or, i (to tv. 
 at or over) : to w. over the death of 
 Soa-ates, illacrimari morti Socralis, Cic. 
 N. D. }, !J, 82. Phr. : to weep one's 
 eyes out, laciiinis confici : to ir. copious- 
 ly, lacrimal um vim profundere, Cic: 
 w. no more, desiiie flere : to make any 
 one w., lacriraas alicui movere, elicere, 
 Cic. : PI. : the man for joy iv.s like a 
 child, homini cadunt laciimae, quasi 
 puero, gaudio, Ter. Ad. 4, i, 20. 
 
 weeper: I. plorator: Mart. Or 
 expr. by the verb, qui lacrimal. ||. A 
 badge of mourning : * luctus insigne ; 
 arm'illa lugubris, etc. {the crape-band 
 iteti on the arm at afuwral) (.Kr.). 
 
 weeping : 1. fletus, us : w. and 
 groaning, fletus giniilusque, Cic. Rc^r. 
 Am. 9, 24 : lamentation and to., lanifti- 
 tatio lieiusque, id. Tusc. I, IJ, Jo. 2. 
 ploratus, lis : the whole place resounds 
 with the jc.s of icomen, omnia mulienmi 
 ploratibus sonant, Llv. 29, 17, ad fin. 
 3. lamenta, orum : the grief and 
 w. of friends, dolor et lamonta amicor- 
 um, Cic. de ."^n. 20, 7J. 4. lamenta- 
 tio : sorrov}. tears, w., aegritudo, laciimae, 
 942 
 
 lamentatio, PI. Merc. 5, 2. 29. 5. 
 
 lacrimae, arum (tears) : nor can I speak 
 fur w., neque prae lacrimis loqui pos- 
 sum, Cic. Mil. !8, loi. 
 
 weeping-birch. : *betula pendula : 
 Linn. 
 
 -willow : * salix Biibylonica : 
 
 Linn. 
 
 weevil : curculio, onis, TO. : Plin. : 
 *curculio granarius: Linn.: the w. de- 
 stroys tlie heap of corn, populat farris 
 acervum curculio, Virg. G. i, 18;. 
 
 weigh : I. 'Jo ascertain iveight ; 
 
 of the person : 1. pendo, pependi, 
 pensum, j : she w.s and balances the 
 herbs, pensas examinat herbas, Ov. M. 
 14, 270: do you XV. ttus matter by its 
 real, not its nominal weight, vos eam 
 rem sue non nominis pondeie penditote, 
 Cic. Verr. 4. i, 1. 2. expendo, di, 
 nsum, J : w. Hannibal, how many 
 pounds ivill you find f expende Hamii- 
 balem, quot libras invenies ? Juv. 10, 
 147 : a hundred pounds of gold was 
 w.'d out. expensuni est auri pondo cen- 
 tum, Cic. Flacc. 28, 68 : / um not wont 
 to count so much as to w. arguments, 
 argumenta nou tarn inmierare soleo 
 quam expendere, id. de Or. 2, 76, 509. 
 
 3. perpeiido (to w. thoroughly) : 
 most diligently w.ing the importance of 
 different duties, diligentissimc perpen- 
 dens momenta oflBciorum, id. Mur. 2, j. 
 
 4. penso, I : to w. guld, aurum 
 petisare, Liv. }8, 24: a resolution long 
 u'.'d, diu pensata senteniia, Sil, 7, 22j. 
 
 5. pensito, i (freq. of penso) : to 
 w. in equal balance, pensitare aequa 
 lance, Plin. 7, 7, 5 : to w. a matter, p. 
 rem, Liv. 4, 41. 6. pondero, i : he 
 w.s his fists, pugnos poiiderat, PI. Am. 
 I, I, 156: ire must w. the motives from 
 vhich each man has acted, quo quisque 
 animo fecerit ponderandum est, Cic. Off. 
 1,15, 49. 7. examino, i (to discriminate 
 nicely by the balance) : pieces of iron 
 w.'d carefully to a certain weight, taleae 
 ferreae ad certum pondus examinatae, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 12 : to w. all things by their 
 verbal, not their real value, omnia ver- 
 borum momentis non rerum ponderibus 
 examinare. Cic. Rep. j, 8, 12. 8. trii- 
 tJnor, I : they i". (balance) words, truti- 
 nautur verba, Pers. j, 82. For other fig. 
 uses oi weigh v. TO FONDiiR, TO consider. 
 
 II, To w., w. dmun ; of the thing : 
 
 1. pendo (strictly of weight of metal, 
 of money, etc.) : let not a talent w. less 
 than eighty pound by Roman weights, 
 talentum ne minus pondo octogiuta 
 Romanis ponderibus pnndat, Liv. 38, j8. 
 
 2. gravo, I (to load,, w. down) : to 
 tu. down with burdens, gravare sarcinis, 
 Tac. A. I, 20 : evils w. the heavier the 
 more they are knoivn, mala magis hoc 
 quo sunt cognitiora gravant, Ov. Tr. 4, 
 6, 28. 3. degravo, i : let the vine w. 
 down the elm, vitis degravet ulmum, 
 Ov. Tr. 5, J, 35 : though skilful swim- 
 mers, fatigue and wounds w. them down, 
 peritos nandi lassitudo et vulnera de- 
 gravant, Liv. 4, jj, ad fin. 4. pr6mo, 
 pressi, pressum, ; ■ Greece tv.'d down by 
 spoils, Graecia exuviis pressa. Prop. 4. 
 I, 114. 5. deprimo, pressi, pressum, 
 J : the force of the wind w.s down the 
 cloud, vis venti nubem deprimit, Lucr. 
 6, 4J2. 6. opprimo : w.'d down by the 
 heavy burden of their arms, gravi oiiere 
 armorum oppressi, Caes, B. G. 4, 24 : v. 
 
 TO PRESS, TO OPI'RKSS. 
 
 weigher ; 1. pondgrator (lit.) : 
 
 Cod. Iheod. 2. pensitator (fig.) : Hell. 
 
 3. examiiiator (fig.) : Teit. Expr. 
 by the verb : he is a careful w. of argu- 
 ments, * argumenta accurate ponderat, 
 pens! tat. examinat. 
 
 weighing: expr. by verb: v. to 
 
 ■\VK1GH. 
 
 machine: •machina ad pen- 
 
 dendum. 
 
 weight (subs.) : 1. pondus, 6ris, n. 
 (llie most gen. term. w. in a balance, 
 lieaviness, and fig. burd^en, influence) : 
 unfair w.s brought by Dve Hauls, pondera 
 ab Gallis allata iniqua, Liv. ;, 48: the 
 atom mores try heaviness and w., atomus 
 movetur gravitate et pondere, Cic. Fat. 
 
 II, 24 : (Al w.sfaU tn the earth by theit 
 own gravitation, in tellurem feruntui 
 omnia nutu suo pondera, id. Rep. 6. 17; 
 w. of cares, p. curarum, Luc. 9, 951, 
 w. of testimony, p. testimonil, Cic. Top. 
 19, 73 : my introduction had great w. 
 with you, mea coramendatio magnum 
 apud te pondus habuit, id. Fam. 13, 25. 
 2. gravitas (heaviness) : the first 
 beginnirigs of things must needs move 
 by their w., necesse est gravitate sua 
 ferri .primordia rerum. Lucr. 2, 83: the 
 u\ of sentences, sentential um g., Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 17, 72. 3. libramentum (a w 
 to counterpoise something at the otlter 
 end of a crane or the like) : a heavy 
 leaden w., grave 1. plumbi, Liv 24, 34. 
 
 4. momentum (w. to turn the scale, 
 w. in balance ; mostly fig.) : the stars 
 by their very shape keep their w£ in 
 balance, astra forma ipsa figuraque sua 
 momenta sustentant, Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 
 117: by the smallest w.s the greatest 
 turnings of the scale are produced, 
 minimis momentis maximae inclina- 
 tiones fiunt, Cic. Phil. ;, 10, 26 : to 
 balance every thing according to its 
 proper w., unamquamque rem mo- 
 meiito suo ponderare, id. Font. 6, 21. 
 
 5. anciorUas (i7>fluence) : he has u:, 
 reputation, and an army, auctoritatem, 
 nomen, exercitum habet, id. Phil. 11. 
 10, 26 : words of laws somewhat more 
 ancient, so as to have more w., legum 
 verba paulo antiquiora, quo plus aucto- 
 ritatis habeant, id. Leg. 2. 7, 18. Phr. : 
 matters of w., res giaves, dignae ; v. 
 WEIGHTY : to have great w., multum 
 valere, posse : to attack great w. to a 
 thing : rem magni pendere, aestimare : 
 Ter. : Cic. : a pound w., libra pondo 
 (lit. a pound by w.) : the army decreed 
 to the dictator a golden crown of a 
 pound «'., exercitus dictatori coronam 
 auream libram pondo decrevit, Liv. j, 29. 
 
 weightily : gravlter : Cic. : but ge- 
 nerally this adverb is expressed by a cir- 
 cumlocution : to argue w., * gravissimis, 
 tirmissimis argumenlis uti : this opinion 
 is w. confirmed, *haec sententia gra- 
 vissimis auctoritalibus fiimatur. 
 
 weighty: I. Heavy: V. HEAVT. 
 
 II. Cogent, forcible : 1. gravis, e: 
 most w. causes, gravissimae causae, Cic. 
 Fam. 5, 12, 7: w. sentences, sententiae 
 g., Cic. Brut. 95, 325. 2. firmus: 
 
 UK precepts <f duty, officii praecepta 
 firma, Cic. Off. i, 2, 6 : v. forcible. 
 
 welcome (adj.) .- 1. acceptus 
 
 (gladly received) : what you approve 
 must be deemed pleasant and w., quod 
 approbaris id gralum acceptumque ha- 
 bendum, Cii'. Tusc. 5, 15, 45 : a most w. 
 slave, servus acceptissimns, PI. Capt. 3, 
 5. 56. 2. gratus (giving pleasure) : 
 w. and wished-for love, amor gratus et 
 opiatus, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: aw. guest, 
 g.cunviva, Hor.S. 2, 2, 119. 3. laetus: 
 that name was w. to the soldiers, laetum 
 militibus id nomen, Tac. H. 4, 68. 4. 
 jucundus : that uas very pleasing and 
 w. to the soldiers, id militibus fuit per- 
 gratum et jucundum, Caes. B. C. i. 86. 
 
 5. commodus (coming at the right 
 time) : I received a iv. letter, litteras 
 accepi commodas, Cic. Q. Fr. 3. 1. 25. 
 
 6. opporlunus : no one is more w. 
 for all this, ad omnia haec magis oppor- 
 lunus nemo est, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 47. 
 
 7. exspectatus (long looked for) : 
 you will come dear and w. to all, earns 
 omnibus exspectatusque venies, Cic. 
 Fam. 16, 7 : an arrival most charming, 
 most to., adventus suavissinius, exspec- 
 tatissimus, id. Att. 4, 4 A. 
 
 welcome («•■) ■• 1. samto, i (to 
 
 greet) ; l.ysiteles w.s Charmides, Char- 
 midem Lysiteles salutat, PI. Trin. 5, 2, 
 29. 2. salvere jubeo : / w.d him, 
 
 salvere jussi, PI. Asin. 2, 4, 4. 3. <ix- 
 cipio, cepi, ceptum, 3 (to receive) : to to. 
 with kind look, benigno vultu excipere, 
 Liv. 30, 14. 4. accipio : / wish to to. in 
 grand style the great men, magnifioe voio 
 Bummos viros accipere, PI. Ps. I, 2, J4. 
 
 welcome iinterj.): 1. salve: H"., 
 Mysis! Mysis, salve, Ter. Andr. 4, 5, 
 7. 2. saKusBis: VI'., Crito .' sal vus 8i8,
 
 W E LCO M E 
 
 WELL-BRED 
 
 W ET 
 
 Crito, Ter. Andr. 4, 5, •;. Or, if decided 
 joy at an arrival is ti> be expr., *e.\- 
 gpectatus ades, exspectatum, exoplatuir 
 te video. 
 
 welcome (subs.) .- saiutatio (a 
 
 greeting): the anntes exchanged words 
 of w., inter exerci'us saiutatio facta, 
 Liv. I, :,fm. Generally expr. by I'erb 
 and advetb : / gave him a warm v.'., 
 * amantissime eum excepi : he had a 
 cold w., 'frigidp exeepnis est. 
 
 weld; 1. ferruniinii. i. I'lin. 
 
 2. conferrumiiio, 1 : I'lin. 
 welding : lerruminatio . I'lin. : v. 
 
 jOLDiatINO 
 
 welfare: 1. saiu8,utis,/. .- ttew. 
 
 n/ stales di pevds rni th. cmivseh of the 
 best men. in optinioruni coiisiliis posiia 
 est clvitaliuni salus, Cic. Kep. i, J4, 51 
 lltat he may amsult for his mim w.. ut 
 suae saluil consulat, Caes. B. G. 5, If. 
 what J think to be for your w., that I 
 advise, saluti quodtibi esse a^nsco id 
 consuadeo, I'l. Merc. I, 2, J2. 2- <-"<Jiu- 
 modum: the w. of the .state, c. reipub- 
 licae, l,iv. 10, 25, fm. ; the public w., 
 publica conimoda, Hor. Kp. 2. i, }. 
 
 3. buiium : the public »'., bununi 
 publicum, Sail. C. j8. 4. ulilitas (ic. 
 in external advantages) : to devote him- 
 self to their interests and w., eorum 
 commodis utilitalique servire, Cic. C^. 
 Fr. 1, I, 8. 24: nature who anisults 
 and provules for the w. and advantages 
 of all, naiura consultrix et provida uti- 
 litatum opportuTiitatunique ninniuni, 
 Cic. N. I). 2, 22, 58. 5. iucoluniitas 
 (a state of perft^ct safety) : w. is a safe 
 and comjilete presi-rvation of well-t>eing, 
 iucoluniitasest salutis tuta atque Integra 
 conservatlo, Cic. Inv. j, 56, 169. Ph r. ; 
 to consult for tht public u>., rei pub- 
 licae consulere, Cic. : our v. demands 
 this, *res nostrae hoc postulant (res 
 may not unfrequently in such phrases 
 stand tor w.) : to wish any one's w. : 
 *salvum aliqueni velle. 
 
 welkin : aer, caelum ; V. SKT. 
 
 well (subs.) : 1- puteus (a pit 
 dug for water) : we have seen warm 
 water drawn from clear w.s, ex puteis 
 jngibus aquam calidani Iralii vidimus, 
 Cic. N. I). 2, 9, 25 : to dig a w., puteiim 
 fodere, PI. Most. 2, i. J2. 2- io"s. 
 
 tis, m. (a sjiring, fountain) : v. foi;n- 
 TAIN. Phr.: medical w.s, •foiites me- 
 dicae salubritatis: mineral w.s, *fonu's 
 metallicae aquae : v. wati:k: the enclo- 
 sure round aw.'s mouth, initcal : Cic. 
 a w.-cover, *putei openuluni ; a »•.- 
 digger: putearius; Plin. \i\-water : 
 puteanae (puteales) aquae ; Lucr : Col.; 
 Plin. 
 
 well (■"•) •■ *" ""•• "'■ forth, w. out . 
 scateo, profluo, etc.: v. to gush, to 
 
 FLOW. 
 
 well (adj.) : 1. salvus (iv. in body 
 or circumstances) : J saiv your son just 
 now alive, v<., and safe, filium tuum 
 modo vivum, saliuni, et sospitem vidi, 
 PI. Capt. 4, 2,9? would that xce could 
 have conversed uli He all teas w., utinam 
 salvis rebus loUuqui potuissemus, Cic. 
 Fam. 4, I, I. 2. sanus (sound in 
 
 mind or body) : v. and in good health, 
 sanus recteque valens, Hor. Kp. i, 16, 
 21 : if he be made n: again by that 
 medicine, si eo medicamento s;imus fac- 
 tus sit, Cic. Off. J, 24, 92. 3. valens 
 (in health): the doctor is quite posiltve 
 that you will soon be w., niedlcus plane 
 contimiat prope diem te vaUntcni fore, 
 Cic Kam. 16, 9, 2. 4. imfger (un- 
 injured) : tlte infant wishes himself to 
 be V). and safe, inlans se integrum sal- 
 vumque vult, Cic. Fin. 2, 11, JJ. Phr,: 
 to be w.: valere, bene valere ; bene se 
 habere; valetudine Ixina, linnn, Integra 
 uti : Cic. : V. health, hkalthy to 
 get w. : convalescere, ex morbo eva- 
 dere. recreari: Ci». : to look »'., * sanus 
 videri, sanitatem corporis vultu prodere : 
 you do 7wt look quite »'., *vi.\ satis valens 
 (firmus, robustus) videris, paulio infir- 
 mior (debilior, languidior) videris 7111/ 
 l>efiple are never so w. in any other })lace. 
 mei nusquam salubrius degunt, PUn. 
 Kp. S, 6, 46. 
 
 well (adv.) : 1. bSne (most general 1 urbanus (polithed) : a 
 with verbs ' "' " - " 
 
 word ; used both ahs. and with vei 
 and participles) t( is «;, bene est, bene 
 habet, lx;ne iigitur, Cic. : Ter. : it is w. 
 with husbands, b. est maritis. Hor. Kp 
 I, 1,89 a couutry house w. built, villa 
 b. acdificata, Cic. • afield w. tilled, ager 
 b. cultus, Cic. : to speak, do, w., b. 
 dicere, facere: the gods dtj w. to you. 
 tibl Di b. faclant, PI., to buy w. (advan- 
 tageously), bene emere, Clc : to do w. 
 (fare well): b. rem gerere. se habere. 
 2. probe {excellently, thoroughly) : 
 up to this point we hare dime w.. usque 
 adhuc actum est prolje, PI. Mil. 2. 6, 
 107 : Antipati-r whom you w. remember. 
 Antlpater queni tu probe meministi, 
 Cic. de Or. j, 50, 194: w. drunk, ap- 
 potus probe, PI. Am. I, I, 126. 3. 
 rede (rightly): it seems done w. and 
 regularly, r. atque ordine factum vide- 
 tur, Cic. Quint. T, 28 ; tlure was one to 
 whom I could w. etUrust a letter to you, 
 fuit cul r. ad te litteras darem. Id. Att. 
 4, I, I : to look out IV. for oneself, 
 T. sibi vldere, Ter. Ph. i, 4. 12. 4. 
 pulchre (beautifully) : it is w. ami 
 wisely said, p. et saplenter dictum, 
 Ter. Kun. ?, i, 26: it is w. vith me, p. 
 est mihi, Cic. N. !>. I. 41, 114. 5. 
 belle (neatly, nicely) : Terentia loas less 
 ID., Terentia minus b. habuit, Cic. Kara. 
 9, 9, 1 : to operate w., b. facere (in medi- 
 cine), Cato R. l'>. 157. 6. scienter 
 (10. in jioint of .«/,-i7/, science): to sing 
 w., to play (in the lute w., •scienter 
 canere, citharam modular!. 7. '•'-'''* 
 (tastefully): to arrange a Itanquet w., 
 s. coiivivium exornare. Sail. J. 8; 8. 
 praeclare (admimbly w.) ■ you do w., 
 p. facitis, Cic. I'hil. J, lo, 25. Some 
 other Latin adverbs expressing spe- 
 cial excellence might serve to render 
 the Knglish ivell, though not strictly 
 translateable by xcell when found in 
 Latin authors. Phr.: to take anything 
 w., in bonam partem accipere : Cic. : to 
 wish any one well : favere ahciti : Cic. : to 
 let w. alone (piov.). quieta non movero: 
 because Apelles kiieiv when to let ic. alone, 
 quod Apelles matium de tabula scirei 
 tollere, I'lin. 35. 'o. J6, } 80: v. met! 
 I jcas looking for you, ebem opportune ! 
 te Ipsum quaerito, I'er. Ad. i, 2, I. 
 well (interj.): 1. esto (belt so). 
 2. non rCpugno (/ do not oliject). 
 3' licet (all right .'). 4. l>cn»' 
 
 est ('tis well). 5. audio, teneo (of an 
 impatient listener who says well ! go oJi) : 
 PI. : Ter. : (of these colloquial phrases no 
 one is exactly coextensive with Kng. 
 rcell, which is sometimes hardly em- 
 phatic enough to require any distinct 
 rendering by a Latin word). 
 
 well-affected: 1. bgngvoius 
 
 (kind): v. tdirards anyone, erga ali- 
 quem b., PI. Capt. 2, 2, 100. 2. Ami- 
 cus (frieniUy): the tribimes ofthejilebs 
 are w. toiviiids us, tribuni plebis sunt 
 n(jbis amici. Cic. y. Kr. 2, I, 16. 3. 
 propiiius (fanmrable; of one whose 
 favour is cciurted): they hope he is w., 
 the other th'-y think angry, hunc pio- 
 pitium sperant, ilium initum putani, 
 Cic. Att. 8, :6. 4. pronus (thus used 
 in poets and post-.\ug. pnw); 1/' O'lly 
 thed'ihd be w. and help, si motlo prona 
 assint nuniina. Slat. S. 4, 8, 6t : Sero's 
 court was w. towards him, prona in euin 
 aula Neroms, Tac. 11. i, 11 v. krienhi.y, 
 FA YOUR A RLE. Phr.: tobew.: favere . 
 
 v. TO FAVOUR. 
 
 being '• fiil"s. lellcltas, etc. • 
 
 V. WELFAUr. 
 
 -born; 1. ""'''I's 0''0>>- 
 
 born) : ClfKlia. a w. Iculy, Clodla mulier 
 nobilis, Cic. Oiel. u, 21. 2. hi- 
 
 genuus (freeborn): w. and illustrious 
 parents, ingenui clarique paronies, Hor. 
 S. I, 6, 91. 3. honesto loco natus ; 
 noblli senere ortus : Cic. 
 
 . bred : 1- nbi'rallter educa- 
 
 tus (describi's (I man who has actually 
 hadagwl education): a le. man, homo 
 1. e., I'ic. Kin. }, i-J. 57- 2. wniis 
 (lOurt'OHS. as the result of good breed- 
 ing) "■., kind, affable men, comes, 
 beuigni, facUes, Cic. Baib. 16. }6. 3. 
 
 man, homo 
 u., Cic Fam. 3, 8, } 4. humanui 
 
 (polite, obliging): a most affable and 
 w. man, homo faciUimus atque bunia- 
 nissinms, Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, j. 
 
 well-favoured : pulcher. formOsos, 
 
 etc.: V IlKALTIH 1. HANKSOMK. 
 
 -disposed : v. wkll-apfectkd. 
 
 -known: 1. r^'f^'ulKitus: 
 
 w. slaniitrrs, nialeilicta perviilKata. Clc. 
 Coel. }, 6. 2. cH6bralii6 (told over and 
 over again): wliat is so trite and u:f 
 quid tarn tritum atque celebratimi est? 
 Clc. Flacc. 27, 65. 3. nObllis (re- 
 
 nowned) : the great and w. rlieturician 
 Isocrales, C\c. Inv. 2, 2, 7. Phr.- i( it 
 w. : constat, certuin est : it is w. to 
 me that : me non IukU. non praeterit 
 (consir. with ace. and injin.) : Cic. 
 
 -Spent: I'hr. : a ncU-ipent 
 
 life, vita acta boneotissime. Cic. : v. to 
 
 SPEND. 
 
 -versed : 1. versalu* : men 
 
 w. in a variety if puUic ma tiers, vlri 
 in rerum publicarum varieUite versati, 
 Cic. Rep. J, }, 4. 2. peritus. w. in 
 many things, peritus niultarum rerum, 
 Cic. Font. 7, 25. 3. expertus : youths 
 w. m war, experll belli juvenes, Virg. 
 Aen. 10, 172: V. PKACTisKi) Phr.: he 
 lias equally w. in matters 0/ Oie city 
 and the country, urbaiia.s ruslicaisque res 
 pariter callelmt, Liv. 59. 40. 
 
 -wisher : Mnev6lus, AniKus, 
 
 etc. : V. FKIKJJD. 
 
 welt (subs.) : *limbus (liorder, hem), 
 margo, Inls, m. (edge), e.xtrema sQtura. 
 
 welt (''■) •■ * circunisuo. ui, btum, J 
 (perh. only in part.). 
 
 welter (v.) : to roll about : vOliltor, 
 I dep. : to w. to the wind (Milton, Lye), 
 * vento jactantp volularl ; to w. in one's 
 blood, * sanguine perfusus volutari, ver- 
 sari or -re; sanguine madere: cl. niori- 
 ensque suo se in vulnere versat, Virg. 
 Aen. II, 669. 
 
 wen: ganglion: Veg. 
 
 wench, (subs.): l. puelliila: ke 
 found a?»ie-;)'ai/iJi^i'., nactusestpuel- 
 lulam cilharistriam, Ter. I'h. i, 2, )i 
 2. miilierciila : will they take their 
 w.s with them to the campt num sua8 
 secum mulierculas in castra sunt duc- 
 turi ? ac. Cat. 2, 10, 2j : v. GiKL, i-bosti- 
 
 TUTE. 
 
 wench ('■•) ■ scortor, l : PL : Ter 
 
 wend : '' h r. : to w. one's way. car- 
 pel e viaUl : V. TO GO. 
 
 west (subs.) : L occldens : from 
 ea>t to If., ah oriente ad occidentem, 
 Cic. X. I). 2, 66, 164. 2. occiisus, Qs 
 (or occu-siis soils) . toicards tlte w., in 
 occasum, Virg. Aon. 11, ?17 : rain com- 
 ing from the w., ab ocaisu veuien8 
 imbe'r, ib. 9, ' 68 : the as)>ect of .i({uitania 
 IS between w. and north, Aquitania 
 special inter occasum solis et septen- 
 trlones, Caes. B. G. i, i. Phr. the 
 extreme east or w., orientls aut olieuntls 
 solis ullimae partes, Cic. Itep. 6. 20, 22: 
 tlte region of tlte w., vespertlna loglo, 
 Hor. S. 1,4, }o. 
 
 west ("dj): occldentalis, occlduus: 
 V. wh>Ti:RX. P h r.: the w. wild, veiituu 
 occiileiitiiUs: Gell. In classical Latin 
 expr. by one word : 1, FavOnlus : to 
 date the beginning of spring from the 
 w wind, veris iniiium a Favonio nolare, 
 Cic. Verr. 5. Jo. ^1- 2. ZOphyrus: 
 Tempe moi-ed by w. winds, ^iophyri* 
 agitaUi Temjie, Hor. Oii. j, 1. 24. 
 
 westerly: Plir-' " wistcly gate, 
 ab occ;i-<ii veniens (flan.-) venlus, Virg.: 
 v. WEST (subs.). 
 
 western' l. ad occidentem :Cic.. 
 V WE4T (subs.). 2. occUloii talis. 
 
 Plin : Gell. 3. occlduus (jwel): the 
 Crab has s<t in the w. wat-is. i .mi-er 
 occiduas sul'ivlt aquas. Ov. F. I. .M4. 
 
 westwards (adv.): i" <xTasum. oc- 
 casum v.rsus: v.y<.tsi (subs.). 
 
 wet(u<0')' 1. hunildus (moirf or 
 that brings moisture, opp. to aridus. 
 -icciis^ : the earth w. wUk fhoitrrs, ex 
 imbril'us humida tcUus. Lucr. 2, Bij: 
 „• summers, humM.\ solstltia, \ irg. G. 
 I ICO. 2. uvldus (saturated inlh 
 
 n'wisture): w! garments, uvlda vestt 
 ' 94J
 
 WET 
 
 WHEEDL,ING 
 
 WHEN 
 
 menta, Hor. Od. i, 5, 14: fields w. with 
 constant rains, rura assiduis uvidaaquis, 
 Ov. F. 4, 686. 3. fldus (damp on 
 the surface, swimming with water) ; «'. 
 fens, udae paludes, Ov. F. 6, 401 : the >«. 
 palate, u. palatum, Virg. G. j, j88. 
 4. madidus (vxt through, drip- 
 ping) ; a bundle of letters w. through 
 with water, fasciculus epistolaruni aqua 
 madidus, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 4 : cheeks w. 
 {with tears), madidae genae, Ov. A. A. i, 
 660. 5, madeiis w {marshy) plains, 
 madentes campi, Tac. H. 5, 17. Pb r. : 
 w. weather, iiiibres, pluvia: v. rain, 
 RAWT : cheeks are w. with tears, lacriniis 
 madent genae, Ov. A. A. }, J78 : the 
 earth becomes %v. with the constant rain- 
 doudt, nubilms assiduis tellus madescii, 
 id. M. 1 , 66 : the place is i". with water, 
 locus huniet aqua, Ov. F. 4, 146 : they 
 grow 111. with the foam of those that 
 follow, humescunt spumis sequentum, 
 Virg. G. J, III. 
 
 wet ("•)■• I. Trans.: 1. 
 
 madgfacio, feci, factum, j {to wet 
 through) : to w. a sponge, raadefacere 
 spongiam, Suet. Vesp. 16: Cic. 2. 
 hiimecto, i (poet.) : to w. the cheeks 
 with tears, lacrimis humectare genas, 
 Lucr. I, 919. 3. rigo, i : the rains 
 sprinkle and w. sea and land, imbres 
 maria ac terras sparguutque rigantque, 
 Lucr. 6, 61J. II. Intrans.: 1. 
 huraeo, 2, humesco, } : the place is 
 wet, locus hiiniet, Ov. F. 4, 146. 2. 
 m&deo. 2, madesco, j : the earth is w., 
 terra madet. Virg. Aen. 1 2, 690 : Cic. 
 3. permadesco, j (stronger) : Col. 
 Phr. : he is 70. through, aqua madidus 
 est. Col. (c Kr.). 
 
 wet-liurse: nutrix, icis: eachmctlier 
 stickles her own child ; children are nut 
 entrusted to w.s, sua quenique mater 
 uberibus alit, nee nutricibus delegantur, 
 Tac. G. 20: we seem to liave sucked in 
 error almost with our iv.'s milk, paene 
 cnm lacte nutricis errorem suxisse vide- 
 mur, Cic. Tusc. j, i, 2. 
 
 wether : vervex, ecis, m. : to sacrifice 
 wethe)s, sacrificium facere vervecibus, 
 Cic. Leg. 2, 22. 55. 
 
 wetness." hilmor, oris; an external 
 w. seems very like sweat, humor extrin- 
 secus sndorem videtur iraitari, Cic. Div. 
 
 2, 2T, 58 ; V. MOISTUBE. 
 
 wettish : humldiilus : w. flax, humi- 
 duluni linum, Ov. A. A. 3, 629 ; v. i»amp. 
 
 whale: 1, balaena: the dolphins 
 suckle their young, as does the w., del- 
 phini nutriunt uberibus, sicut balaena, 
 Plin. 9, 8, •; . the huge backs of w.s, 
 balaenarum immania terga, Ov. M. 2, 9. 
 2. cetus, i, m. (also n., and In plur. 
 cete) : huge iv.s, immania cete, Virg. 
 Aen. 5, 822 : (the word is rather indefi- 
 nite for any great sea animal: it is used 
 by Vitruvius for the constellation of the 
 Whale). 3. pistrix, icis,/. (a doubtful 
 sea monster, perh. a ivhaU) : a w. with 
 huge body, immani corpore pistrix, Virg. 
 Aen. J, 427 (of ScylU) : the back of the 
 Whale {constellation), Pistricis terga, 
 Cic. Arat. 152. 
 
 -fishing : * captura balaena- 
 rum (Kr.). 
 
 whaler : a ship for whalefisliery : 
 * navis cetaria. 
 
 wharf: 1. navale, is, n. (usu. 
 pi.) : Cic. 2. crgpido, inis, /. ; a 
 
 piratical galley sailed up to all the 
 wharves of the city, piiaticus myoparo 
 ad omnes urbis crepidiiies accessit, Cic. 
 Verr. 5, J7, 97. 
 
 what {pron.) ; |. Interrogative, 
 
 Independent or dependent: 1. quid 
 (used substantively): what do you 
 wants' quid tibi vis? Hor.: take care 
 what you do, vide quid agas, Ter. : rohat 
 if he restore it I" quid si reddet.' 'I'er. 
 what? have you brought your daughter? 
 quid.' adduxtin' filjam? Ten 2. 
 
 quidnani {tvhat, pray? the termination 
 " nam " adds liveliness to the question) : 
 / come back to see what Chaere/i is doing 
 here, reviso quidnani Chaerea hie agat, 
 Ter. 3. ecquid (asks with expectation 
 of negative); what hope is there further ? 
 cquid spei porrost? Ter, 4 quis 
 
 944 
 
 (used adjectively for what, chiefly with 
 substantives which denote a person.- 
 cf. Madvig Lat. Gr. 88, l) : what sena- 
 tor? quis senator? Cic: in such cases 
 the inquiry seems afier the name only, 
 and not, as with " qui," after the charac- 
 ter. 5. qui, quae, quod (an inquiry 
 after character, kind, etc. is usually im- 
 plied): what Chaerea? qui Chaerea? 
 I'er.: what sueeter song can be found? 
 wluU more pleasant actor? qui cantus 
 dulcior inveniri potest ? qui actor jucun- 
 dior? Cic. : tohat pnner have I? quae in 
 me est facultas ? Cic. 6. quinam (a 
 mere strengthening of qui). 7, qualis 
 {of what kind, sort) : ii'hat honour, what 
 natural affection think you that they 
 possess ? quali fide, quali pietate existi- 
 matis eos esse ? Cic 8. quantus {of 
 what an amount, hon' great) : for what 
 did he buy it? quanti emit? Ter. 
 II, Exclamatory ■ quid (substan- 
 tive); qui. qualis, quantus (adjectives), 
 with distinctions as given above: O 
 what embracings, what joys there were ! 
 qui complexus, et gaudia quanta 
 fuerunt ! Hor. S. i, 5, 4? : O what an 
 appearance, and worthy of what a 
 picture! qualis facies et quali digna 
 tabella ! Juv. 10, 157. What in this 
 use may also be rendered by "quam" 
 with adj. ; what a shameful deed ' 
 quam indignum facinus ! I'er. |||, 
 Relative : equivalent to tliat ivhich : 
 
 1, quod : why do you zoish for 
 what you possess ? cur optas quod 
 babes? Hor. 2. quae, n. pi. {if , as 
 frequently in English, the relative what 
 sums up several things) : what you have 
 written to me I feel to be true, quae ad 
 me scripsisti ea sentio esse vera, Cic. 
 
 whatever ; 1. quicunque : used 
 both adjectively and, in the neuter, sub- 
 stantively ; by whaterer method I could, 
 quacunque potui ratione, Cic. ; whatever 
 you see, quodcunque vldes. Prop. : with 
 genitive of noun : ichatever soldiers you 
 can gather, quodcunque militum con- 
 trahere poteiitis, Cic. Att. 8, 12, A. 
 
 2. quisquis : the neuter quicquid is 
 chiefly substantive, constr. like quod- 
 cunque ; but in other genders and cases 
 It is used adjectively : whatever man, 
 quisquis homo, PI. : ^I'ith whatever design 
 he did it, quoquo consilio fecit, Cic. 
 (" Quicunque " and " quisquis " are both 
 used when among a number of speci- 
 mens in a class none is excepted; but 
 " quisquis " appears more summarily to 
 dismiss the specimens as equal among 
 themselves : e. g. : quodcunque est, tibi 
 habe, take all that there is : quicquid 
 est ti bi habe, take an nth ing or everything 
 that there is. it is all the same. Perhaps 
 too "quicquid" leaves it more uncer- 
 tain wheiher there is much or little). 
 
 wheal: I. -A piistule: pustula: 
 Plin. II. The murk of a stripe ; 
 
 vibex; V. sTRiPK (11.). 
 
 wheat : trlticum : he made them 
 promise a hundred and twenty bushels 
 of wheat, tritici niodios centum viginti 
 poUiceri coegit, Caes. B. C. 2, 18. Phr.: 
 a wheat crop, triticea messis, Virg. G. 1, 
 219: a wheat field, *ager tritico con- 
 situs (Kr.) : a grain of wheat, * tritici 
 granum (Kr.) ; wheat straw, * stramen- 
 tum triticeum (Kr. ). 
 
 wheaten : 1. triticeus : wheaten 
 bran, triiicei furfures, Varr. R. R. : iv. 
 m.eiil, triticeum far. Col. ; w. bread, 
 *panis triticeus (Kr.). 2. siligineus : 
 w. bread, panis s., Sen. Ep. 12 j. Hied. 
 
 wheedle : 1. blandior, Uus, 4 dep. : 
 the cunning flatterer often w.s by pre- 
 tending to dispute, callidus assentator 
 saepe litigare se simulans blanditur, 
 Cic. Am. 26, 99. 2. eblandior {to 
 wheedle or coax out) : work or rather 
 w. it out of him, elabora vel potius 
 eblandire, Qa Att. 16, 16 C. . votes 
 w.d out, eblandita suffragia, id. Plane. 
 
 4, 10 : V. TO COAX, TO FLATTER. 
 
 wheedler : assemator, adulator, 
 blandus : v. flatterer. 
 
 wheedling : 1. blandltiae, arum : 
 to win the good will of citizens hi/ 
 wheedling and flattery is shameful. 
 
 benevolentiam civium blanditiis et as 
 sentando coUigere lurpe est, Cic. Am. 
 ■7. ^'- 2. blandimentum (mostly in 
 plur); you fiave ruined me with your 
 w., pessum dedisti blandimentis me tuis 
 PI. Rud. 2, 6, 2}. 3. adulatio: v. 
 
 FLATTERY. 
 
 wheel: 1. rata: the spokes of 
 broken w.s, radii fractarum rotarum, 
 Ov. M. 2, J17 • a potter's w., rota tigularis, 
 PI. Epid. J, 2, J5 : in this he is thought 
 to say that liappiness does not mount the 
 IV. {of tm-ture), in eo puiatur dicere in 
 rotam beatam vitam uon escendere, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24 : the w. {inconstancy) 
 of fortune, rota fortunae, id. Pis. 10, 22. 
 2. tympanum (a drum like w.) : 
 by pulleys and w.s, per trochleas et 
 tympana, Lucr. 4, 906. 3. rhombus (o 
 magician's w. or circle) : to draw down 
 the moon by Thessalian w., Thessalico 
 lunam deducere rhombo, Mart. 9, jo, 9. 
 4. orbis, is, to. (poet.) : iron-tired 
 W.S, ferrati orbes, Virg. G. j, }6i. 5. 
 orbiculus {the w. of a pulley) : Vitr 
 P h r. : to lock a w., sufHaminare rotam. 
 Sen. : he locks the w., rotam astringit 
 sufflamine, Juv. 8, 148. For wheel in the 
 sense of a turning round, v, evolution. 
 
 wheel (f) ■■ 1. circiimago, egi, 
 
 actum, i : before they could w. round 
 their horses, prius quam equos frenis 
 circumagerent, Liv. i, 14, ^n. : the enemy 
 w.ing round, circumagens se hostis, id. 
 4. 28. 2. converto, ti, sum, i : they 
 
 force the rest to w. round, reliquos sese 
 convertere cogunt, Caes. B. C. i, 46. 
 Phr., again, at the word of command, 
 they w.'d round, rursus vocatl conver- 
 tere vias, Virg. Aen. 5, 582 : the kite 
 w.ing in circles through the air, ducens 
 per aera gyros miluus, Ov. Am. 2, 6, }} : 
 to w. right about, signa convertere, Caes. 
 B. G. I, 25 : to w. to the right, in 
 hastam : to !«. to the left, in scutum 
 (R. and A.). 
 
 wheel-barrow : pabo, onis, m. .- 
 
 Isid. Gloss. 
 
 -drag: sufflamen: v. wueex 
 
 {subs.). 
 
 -rut: orbita: I hoped that the 
 
 wheel of state had so turned that we 
 could hardly see any wheel-rut marked, 
 sperabam sic orbem reipublicae esse con- 
 versum ut vix impressam orbitam videre 
 possemus, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2. 
 
 -work : *rotae {wheels). 
 
 __ -Wright : *rhedarius, vehicl- 
 
 larius, carjientarius, plaustrarius : Capi- 
 tol. ; Lampr. 
 
 wheeze (")•• perh. anbglo, I (tf 
 pant) : Cic. : spiritum aegre ducere : Qc 
 
 wheezing: («"bs.) perh. anhelitus 
 us : Cic. 
 
 wheezing, wheezy (o^;.).- 1, 
 anhelans, anhelus ; w. ohi men, seneE 
 anheli, Virg. G. 2, ij;. 2, astb- 
 
 maticus {asthmatic) : Plin. 
 
 whelk (a shell fish); •buccinum 
 undatum. 
 
 whelp (subs.) : 1, catulus • let the 
 vjild beasts cmiceal their w.s, catulos 
 ferae celent, Hor. Od. j, j, 41; thews 
 of a lioness, catuli leaenae, ib. i, 20, 2, 
 2. scymnus (poet.); lioTit' w.s, 
 scymni leoiium, Lucr. 5, ioj6. 
 
 whelp (»■); catulos edere, parere : t. 
 to bring forth. 
 
 when : 1. quum : the most gen. 
 word lor the varying shades of meaning 
 of when : it denotes the coincidence of 
 two facts, or the sequence of one after 
 the other. When used purely of time 
 with no idea of cause and effect, quum 
 is constr. with indie, of any tense (v. 
 Lat. Gr, ^ 485): so too with indie, of 
 repealed actions, when it means as 
 often as. Where cause and effect are 
 implied, constr. with subj. : hence in his- 
 torical sequence it usually takes subj. 
 (v. Lat. Gr. ^^ 48^, 484), some rela- 
 tion of cause and effect being almost 
 necessarily implied ; with subj., if for 
 when wemigbt substitute since,whereat, 
 etc. : or i f it is used by periphr. to supply 
 the lack of &past part, active in Latia. 
 Jj. filii ; denotes a point of time 
 from which some other takes Its be-
 
 WHENCE 
 
 WHETHER 
 
 WHILE 
 
 guuiing: v. (OS goon as) the Ifelvtlii 
 vcere informed tkey sent ambassaJ/ns, 
 ubi Helveiii certiores fact! sunt, legates 
 Diittunt, Caes. B. G. I. 7: it is coiistr. 
 with iiidic. usually; ihe stilij., where It 
 occurH, U-iuK hardly aiiributable to 
 "ubi:" e. g., w. once a man has per- 
 jurr.d himself he must not henceforth he 
 tttlirved, ubi semel quis pojeravcrit, ei 
 credi posli-anou oportet Cic. Kab. Post. 
 IJ, }6: where the subj. s used because 
 it is a supposed case. 3. ^^^'- o^ soo" 
 Oi ecer ■ to mark an occurrena- imme- 
 diately preceding the main acli^^n w. I 
 had read your biter, immfdiatdy I 
 wrote mine, litteras scripsi statim ut 
 tuas legeram, Cic. Alt. 2, 12, }. 4. 
 quandu: interrogative, direct, and in de- 
 pendent sentences: O country, w. shall 
 J see you t O rus, quando ego te as- 
 piciam .' Hor. S. 2, 6, 60 : we do not see 
 w. old age is aeeping over tis, iion intel- 
 ligitur quando obrepat senectus, Cic. 
 Phr.; Caesar, ichcn lie had landed his 
 army, hastened against the enemy. Cae.sar 
 exposito exercitu ad hostes contendit, 
 Caes. : Sabinus w. he had encouraged 
 his men, gave the signal, Sabinus suos 
 bortatus signum dat, id. : Tarquinius, 
 w. besieging jirdea, lost his kingdom, 
 Tarquinius Ardeam oppugnans regnum 
 perilidit, Uiv. : since tlie time v. Deu- 
 calion climbed the mountain, ex quo 
 Deucalion montem ascendit, Juv. i, 81 : 
 w. (ivhat time) first Deucalion cast the 
 stones into an empty winld, quo lemixire 
 primum Deuailiuu vacuum lapides jac- 
 tavit in orbeiu, Virg. G. I, 62. 
 
 whence ; unde : nm does he come 
 tlience w. I vould have preferred, nee 
 inde veuit unde mallem, Cic. r w. has 
 Cinna been dislodged t unde dejectus 
 est Cinna ? id. : that he might answer 
 7/ie, w. he came, ut milii respuiideret unde 
 esset, id. ; / do not recal to mind w. J 
 have fallen, but w. / have risen, non 
 recordor unde cecidcrim, sed unde sur- 
 rexerim, Cic. Alt. 4, 16, 10: the relation 
 will be brief if the beginning be made tv. 
 it must needs be, brevis erit iiarratio si 
 unde necesse est iude initium sumctur, 
 Cic. Inv. I, 20, 28: ivho had killed the 
 man w. (from wlunn) he himself was 
 boi-n, qui eum necasset unde ipse natua 
 esset, id. Rose. Am. 26, ^i. 
 
 whencesoever : 1. undgcunque: 
 
 Sen.: I'liu. 2, unde unde: Vcn. 
 
 whenever : 1. quandocunque : 
 
 w. business draws me to Home, quando- 
 cunque trahunt negotia Hoinam, Hor. 
 Ep. 1, 14, 17. 2. utcuiique: w. 
 
 morals have failed, utcunque delecere 
 mores, Hor. Od. 4, 4, ?;. 3. qu6ties 
 (as often as, of repeatt-d actions) : w. it 
 is disputed which is the first. I'acui'ius 
 wins the fame, ainliigiiur quoties uler 
 utro sit prior, aul'erl Pacuvius faniam, 
 Hor. Kp. 2, I, 55. 4. quOtiescunque : 
 the rest shall be ready for you w. you 
 wish, cetera quotiescunque voletisparata 
 vobig erunt, Cic. I'usc. j, 54, 84. 
 
 where: I. interrogative: 1. 
 
 iibi : w. am I to find Famphilusf ubi 
 iuveniani Pamphilum ? Ter. : w. in tlie 
 world f ubi gentium f PI. ; / could not 
 even guess w. on earth you were, ne sus- 
 picabar quidom ubi terrarum es.ses, Cic. 
 2- ubinam : w. is the ntan? uliinam 
 est homo .' PI. : / see nut where the mind 
 can take its statid. non video ul)iiiani 
 mens insisiere possil, Cic. ||. Re- 
 
 lative: 1. qua f shall be spoken of 
 w. violent Anfidus roars, dicar qua 
 violens obstrepit Aufidiis. Hor. Od. ?, 
 JO, 10. 2- "bi : ?/■. o tyrant is. there 
 we must say thine is absolutely no ami- 
 moniicalth, ubi tyrannus est, ibi dicen- 
 dum est plane nullani esserempublicam, 
 Cic Where may often be turniHl by the 
 cases of ihe relative "qui": e. g., the 
 house w.. dotnus in qua; Ihe place w., 
 locus in quo, apud quern ; a matter w., 
 res in qua : etc. 
 
 whereas : quoniam, quando, quan- 
 doquidem, quum : v. since, whilr. 
 Whereas, when serving to shew an ad- 
 versative relation of two clauses, is often 
 Dot expressed in Latin . e. g., we heard 
 
 you say that we thought aU men ene- 
 mies who were mil wiOi us, w. you thought 
 all menfrieruls who were not ayatnst you. 
 te dicere audiebanius. nos oiuiies adver- 
 saries putare nisi qui uubi&> um essent, 
 te omnes qui contra te non essent tuos, 
 Cic. 
 
 whereby :_ I. Interrogative: qua 
 re, ralione, via; quo pacto : Cic. ||. 
 
 Relative: quo, quil viii, etc.; p«r quod, 
 per quae, Cic. 
 
 wherefore : I. Interrogative : 
 
 I. quare, quamobrem, cur, quid 
 Cic. 2. quiipropter: PI.: Ter. 
 
 II. Relative e.xpressing a conclu- 
 sion from grounds distinctly sUUed : 
 
 1, quare : w. I thus recommend 
 him to you, quare sic tibi eum com- 
 mendo, Cic. 2, quamobrem (referring 
 to one distinctly staled reason) ■ coiiceit 
 of power is odious, w. T say noViing of 
 my own prnvers, arrogaiitia ingenii odiosa 
 est, quamobrem nihil dice de meo 
 ingenio, Cic. 3. quiipropter (in 
 transitions, referring to .vcrei al reasons) : 
 w. 1 sliall say Viis, quapropter hoc 
 dicam, Cic. 4, quocirca : w. the 
 senate in our ancestors' time rightly 
 decreed, quocirca bene apud majores 
 nostros senatus decrevit, Cic. 5. 
 proinde (consequently : used in ani- 
 mated fxhortatum esp.) : w. let them 
 eitlier depart, or keep quiet, proinde aut 
 exeant, aut quiescaiit, Cic. 
 
 wherein : in quo, in qua re, in qui- 
 bus (if many things are referred to). 
 
 whereof: cujus, cujus rei, quorum: 
 de quo, qua re, quibus (if in wAereq/'tlie 
 of means concerning). 
 
 whereto: I. interrogative: 1. 
 quo (to irhat end) : w. should you rese)-ve 
 such a tvicked enemy f quo tam scelera- 
 tum hostem reserves? Cic. 2. 
 
 quorsum : «>i7/. you not say w. this 
 tends" non dices quorsum haec teiidant? 
 Hor. S. 2, 7, 21. II, Relative; to 
 
 xvhich: cui, cui r. i : ad <iiuid, ad quam 
 rem : ace. to Ihe conle.vt. 
 
 whereupon : 1, quo facto (after 
 the doing of xvhich). 2. PO*t quae 
 
 (after wh ich). 
 
 wherever : 1. quacunque : wher- 
 ever he went, quacuuque iter fecit, Cic. 
 
 2, ubicunque : w. you are, you are 
 in the same ship, ubicunque es, in eadem 
 es navi, Cic. 
 
 wherry : cymba, cymbula, linter, 
 lembus: v. boat. Phr.: safe in the 
 refuge nf my two-oared w.. tutus biremis 
 praesidio scaphae, Hor. Od. }, 29, 62 : 
 two-oared tv.s, bireraes lembi, Liv. 24, 
 
 ■^°- -^ 
 wberryman : nauta, remex, igis, 
 
 TO. (a Timer) : v. BOWER. 
 
 whet (I'): I, Liit-: 1, 5cuo, ui, 
 utum, J : tliey hear the shrill sound of 
 the saiv when it is being w.'d, stridorem 
 serrae audiunt quum acuitur, Cic. fuse. 
 5, 40, 116: the lioness w.s her terrible 
 teeth, leaena denies acuit timendos, Hor. 
 Od. }, 20, 10. 2. exacuo (strength- 
 ened): the hoarw.s his teeth, sus exacuit 
 dentes, Virg. G. 5,255. ||, Fig.: to 
 
 provoke, stimulate : acuo, exacuo : to w. 
 the tongue by practice in speaking, lin- 
 guam a. exercilatlone diceudi, Cic. Brut. 
 97, ! Ji : Tyrtaeus iv.'d manly spiHtsfor 
 martial icor, Tyrtaeus mares animos 
 exacuit in Martia bella, Hor. A. P. 40J. 
 
 whet (subs.) : a stimulus to the ap- 
 petite : gustatio, Petr. 
 
 whether ( pnm.) : a ter : w. of us two 
 is on the people's side, you or I? uter 
 nostrum est popularis, tune an ego.' 
 Cic. Rail. perd. 4, 11 : v. which. 
 
 whether (awj.).- |. In single 
 
 questions: 1. ne (attached to the 
 most important word in the question) : 
 ir. I'ublilius will go, you iiill be able to 
 know jrom Alclius, Publilius Iturusne 
 sit. ex Aledio cognosces, Cic. 2. numr 
 / ask u\ Uiings ivoiM happen differently 
 from what tliey do happen, quaero num 
 aliter ac nunc eveniunt evenirent, Cic. 
 
 3, an (after verbs oi doubting, not 
 knowing, etc.) : I d» not know te. / may 
 (not) better call it patience, nescio an 
 melius patientiam posbim dicere, Cic. 
 
 JP 
 
 Mg. <), 26: there is reallv no ellipse of - 
 negative here; it is only tlrnt / amntir 
 sure It)., in I.aiin. conveyed a leaning to 
 the aflirmaiive, whereas in Knglish it 
 leans to the negative / doubt w. J 
 tliould (not) place (1. e. / am almost in- 
 clined lit place) Thrasybuliis tliefint of 
 all men, dubito an Tbraaybulum prim- 
 um omnium pouani, Nep. Thras. i. 4. 
 si (after verbs of seeing, trying) : I wiU 
 go and see w. he it at home, ilo el visam 
 si domi est. Pi.: itie Hdvetii tried w. 
 they could brealc through, Helveiii si 
 perrumpere possent conati. < ai-s. B. G. 
 I. 8. 5. utrum (very rare in ibis 
 use) : ivill you dare to say Uial it matter! 
 not w. tlie .Sicilians tliink well 0/ you r an 
 hoc dicere audebisuirum dele. Siculib--no 
 exislimeiit, ad rem non (K-rtinere .' Cic 
 Verr. 2, 69, 167. II, In donbl- ques- 
 lion.s, t«/i«(/ier.. .or : 1, utrum... an, 
 amie, ne : ir. he spoke in a Roman tense, 
 or as the .Stoics tpeaJc. I will hereafter 
 inquire, utnira Romano more locutus 
 sit, an, ut HUAci dicunt, po>lea videro, 
 Cic. : n: they think this or prrtend it, you 
 uill understand, id utrum illi sentiant 
 anne simiilent, tu inii llig 's id. : w. ymt 
 liave bouglU it or not, iiiruiu enieris nec- 
 iie, id. 2. ne. . . an : w. in the wliole 
 compass of the speech, or in the begin- 
 ning, or in Vie end, or in both, in toione 
 circuitu oralionis, an in pnncipiis, an in 
 extremis, an in utraque pane. Cic 3. 
 . . .an, ne, the I^atiii word for whether 
 being not expressed : w. wounded or 
 whole, have I deserted your standard f 
 s;iucius an sanus numquld tua signa 
 reliqui? Ov. : so that it vas uncertain 
 w. they were conqw.rtns or conquered, 
 ut incertum fuerit vicissent vicline es- 
 sent, Liv. Ill, H'Actter. . . or, where a 
 matter is left undecided, but a con- 
 cJusion drawn wbidiever way it be: 
 sive... sive, seu... seu (the former 
 Ciceronian, the latter, as also sive... 
 seu, seu... sive, in Caes. and in the 
 poets): to. I am thinlcing, or writing, 
 or reading, I «ni wont to u.'e that at 
 my favourite place, sive quid mecum 
 ipse cogito sive quid aut scribo aul 
 lego, illo loco libentissime soleo ntj, 
 Cic. : w. it was done rightly or wrongly, 
 I confess myself the doer, seu rccte seu 
 pervorse facta sunt, egomet lecisse con- 
 fiteor, PI. : rv. by guile or n: tliefaiet of 
 Troy so willed it, sive dolo seu Trojae 
 sic fata ferebant, Virg. : w. it is mad- 
 ness or any one has harmed you, sen 
 furor est, sive aliquis nocuil, Ov. 
 
 whetstone : cos, coii.s /. .- / will 
 
 play the part of a w. which can sharpen 
 steA, fungar vice cotis aciitum redder* 
 quae ferrura valet, Hor. A. P. 304: to 
 sliarpen axts on the w., subigere in cole 
 secures, Virg. Aen. 7, 627 : they said 
 that anger was as it were the w. of 
 courage, iracundiam fortiiudinis quasi 
 cotem esse dicebant, Cic. Acad. 2, 44, 1 15. 
 
 whey : s^rum : jeed yuur yuung 
 hounds with rich w., catulos pasce sero 
 pingui, Virg. G. }. 406. 
 
 which: I. interrogative: 1. 
 quis, qui (w. out of many) , the former 
 generally subs., the latter adj. : v. what. 
 2. uter (w. of two) : the king not 
 knoiving w. was Orestes, ignorante rege 
 uter esset Orestes, Cic. Am. 7, 24. ||. 
 Relative : qui, quae, quod. 
 
 whichever: l. quicunque, quis- 
 quis (0/' *ewr(i/): v. whathvkk. 2. 
 utercunque (of two): there are said to 
 be great forces ready on both sides, so 
 that, w. conquers, there uill be nothing 
 to surprise one. magnae utrinque copiae 
 paralae esse dicuntur, ita ut uiercunque 
 vicerit non sit mirum luturum, Cic 
 Fam. 6. 4. 
 
 whiff: 'balitus, Qs (breath). 
 
 whig : lauior factlonis quae nomina- 
 tur ■• wing." 
 
 while (subs.): tempus, spatium, 
 m6ra v. timk. Phr. hold your peace 
 for a ii'/tl" tt'., tnce parumper, PL Cure. 2, 
 }, 78 : -l/iio delayed for a little w.. Milo 
 pauUisper commorafus est, Cic. Mil. 10, 
 28 : / have been spealcing a Unig 10, diu 
 loquor, PL Ps. 2, }, ii: the crime wot 
 94S
 
 WHILE 
 
 WHIRLIGIG 
 
 WHISTLE 
 
 coinmitted a great w. ago, scelus fac- I w. and droll thing '. O rem ridiculam et 
 ttimst Jam diu, PL Most. 2, 2, 45 : a UttU ' jocosani ! Cat. S\ t- P li r. <i «). and 
 w after, pauUo post, Cic. Fani. 16, 5. 2 ^ I fi^lde mind, iiicuiislantia uiutabilitasque 
 a good w. afUr. aliquanto post, id. Caec. | mentis. Cic. Tusc. 4, 3;, 76. 
 4. '11 : in a little w., in brevi spatio, whimsically : 1. 
 
 1 '.T. Heaut. ;, 2, 2 ■ that 1 might see 
 you after so Vmg a w.. ut te tanto inter- 
 vallo videreni, Cic. Fani. 15, 14, 2: in 
 the meati w. Munatius comes, interim 
 venit Munatius, id. Fani. 10, 12, 2 : wortk 
 VI., operae pretium, Cic. : Liv. 
 
 while (to"J.) •• 1. dum (the pre- 
 sent is almost always used with dum, 
 though the rest of tlie sentence may be 
 in a. 'past tense : as, dum hascparantur, 
 Saguntum jam oppU(jnabatur, while 
 these preparations were [lit. are'] mak- 
 ing, ><aguntiim was already being as- 
 saulted, Liv.: but when dum .signifies 
 OS l«)ig as, it may take a past or future ; 
 as, hoc leci dum licuit, I did this as 
 JfOng as I was permitted. Cic. : v. Lat. 
 Gr. 5 ?95, Obs. 2): w. this was being 
 dene in Apulia, the Samnites did not 
 keep the toa-n of Interamna, dum haec 
 in Apulia gerebantnr, Samnites In- 
 teramnam urljem non tenueruiit, l>iv. 
 ic, j6 : w. he wished to be like Alex- 
 ander, he was found most urdike the 
 Crassi, dum Alexandri similis esse vo- 
 luit, Crassorum inventus est dissimil- 
 limus: Cic. Brut. 81, 282: with subj. 
 In the oratio obliqua : some say that w. 
 he was being bound to the stake Flaccus 
 enjoined silence, quidam tradunt dum 
 ad palum deligatur silentium iieri Flac- 
 ciim jussisse, Liv. 26, 16 ; also with 
 sut^. in directa or., chiefly in the poets ; 
 the maiden, w. she was Jlying, saw not 
 the snake, puella, dum fugeret, non vidit 
 hydrum, Virg. G. 4, 457 : also with sutj. 
 if while is nearly the same as until, and 
 has any idea of purpose : uait a little, 
 to. he sleeps out his first sleep, paullisper 
 mane, dum edormiscat ununi somnum, 
 ?;. Am. 2, 2, 64. 2. donee {as long 
 as : it has the same construction as 
 dum : V. Lat. Gr. $ 499) : iv. I was 
 pleasing to you, donee gratus eram tibi, 
 Uor. Od. J, 9, I. 3. quum {wlien, 
 whereas) : w. I was at Athens I fre- 
 quently heard Zeno, Zenonem, quum 
 Athenis esseni, a\idiebam frequenter, 
 Cic. N. I, 21. i;9: and u: friend- 
 ship has many advantages, this is the 
 chief of all, quumque amicitia pluri- 
 mas tontineat coninioditates, tum ilia 
 praestat omnibus, id. Am. 7, 25. While 
 with the Knglish participle is not ex- 
 pressed in Lathi : / dictated this w. 
 %valking, haec dictavi anibulans, Cic. 
 
 while, while away ('•)■■ Phr. : 
 to w. away the timi-. the hours, tempus, 
 horas fallere: meantime they w. away 
 the intervening hours with cwi verse, 
 intereamediasfallunt sermonibus horas, 
 Ov. M. 8, 6;2. Fallere is to beguile : 
 perh. to while away bhould be to wile 
 away .- if simply to pass the time, then 
 use tempus terere, desere : v. to pass. 
 
 whilom : olim, quondam, antea : v. 
 
 FORMERLY. 
 
 whim : 1. libido, Inis, /. ; it 
 
 depends on the will, not to say the 
 w. of another, positum est in alterius 
 volantate, ne dicam libidine, Cic. Fam. 
 9, 16, ?. 2. arbitrium : they mould 
 themselves entirely according to their w. 
 and pleasure, ad eorura arbitrium et 
 nutum totos se tingunt, Cic Or. 8, 24. 
 3. impetus, lis {sudden impulse) : 
 rather from w. than discretion, im- 
 petu magis quam consilio, Liv. 42. 29. 
 Phr.: full of w.s and fancies : * in- 
 Con>tantiae levitatisque plenus. 
 
 whimper : vagio, 4 ; v. to cry. 
 
 whimpering: vagitus, us: v. ckv. 
 
 whimsical : 1. '^vis, e (fckie, 
 thijting) . w. and untrustworthy men, 
 homines leves atque fallaces, Cic. Am. 
 i5> 91- 2- mobilis. e: the Gauls are 
 w. in adopting plans, Galli sunt mobiles 
 m conslliis capieudis, Caes. B. G. 4, 5. 
 
 3. insOlens {full of surprises, ca- 
 priciout) : fortune nerer weary of play- 
 ing her w. game, forluna ludum insolen- 
 tem ludere pertinax, Hor. Od. }, 29, 50. 
 
 4. rialctilus {funny) : what a 
 946 
 
 _ _ _. ex libidine 
 
 {ace. to one's w. ' and pleasure) : Sail. 
 2. * insolenter {capriciously) : v. 
 
 WHIMSICAL. 
 
 whine ("■) •■ P h r. : to w. piteously, 
 *miserablliter vagire (Georg.) another 
 {beggar) w.s in concert, let me too >Mve 
 a slice, succinit alter, et mihi findetur 
 quadra. Hor. F.p. i, 17, 49. 
 
 whine {subs.) .- perh. *cantus (a 
 drawl, sing-song) : there is no exact 
 word for the nasal utterance implied 
 in whine. 
 
 whinny ("•) •" hinnio, 4 : the horse 
 w.s wdh limbs all shaking, equus con- 
 cussis artubus hinnit, Lucr. ;, 1076. 
 
 whinnying (subs.),- hinnitus, its: 
 Saturn fdled felion with his slirill w.. 
 Saturniis Pelion hinnitu implevit acuto, 
 Virg. G. }, 94. 
 
 whip {subs.) : 1. flagellum (a 
 
 severe w., scourge): the I'orcian law did 
 away with rods, this merciful man has 
 reintroduced w.s, Porcia lex virgas 
 amovit, hie miserieors flagella retulit, 
 Cic. Rab. perd. 4, 12 : he cracked his w., 
 Insonuit fiagello, Virg. Aen. 5, 579. 
 2. flagrum : a Vestal was scourged 
 mth a w., caesa est flagro Vestalis, Liv. 
 28, II. 3. sciilica (a lash) : that you 
 may not punish one wlio deserves the w. 
 with the cruel scourge, ne scutica digiium 
 horriljili sectere flagello, Hor. S. I, ?, 
 119. 4. lora n. pi. {w. of thongs): 
 the public slaves lashed him with the w., 
 servi publici eum loris ceciderunt, Cic. 
 Phil. 8, 8, 24. 5. virga (a sivitch, 
 
 riding-w.) : my mule-driver shakes his 
 w. and beckons to me, mihi mulio eom- 
 mota virga annuit, Juv. 5, J17. 6- 
 verber, eris, n. {a w. actually in use) : 
 they press on with plaited w., illi instant 
 verbere torto, Virg. G. i, lot. 
 
 whip ("■)•■ I. ^o *<'*« '*"*'' "■ 
 lash. 1. flagello, 1: he w.'d his 
 
 quaestor, quaestorem suum flagella- 
 vit. Suet. Cal. 26. 2. verbero, i : 
 
 he who unjustly w.s a slave, qui seri-um 
 injuria verberat, Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 76. ||, 
 To sew slightly : leviter suo : v. sew. 
 Phr. : w.'d to death, flagellis ad mortem 
 caesus, Hor. S. I. 2, 41 : / am driven 
 like a top by the lash, which a boy w.s 
 round, agor ut verbere turbo queni 
 versat puer, Til>. i, 5. 4: w.'d by the 
 triumvir's lash, sectus flagellis trium- 
 viralibus, Hor. Epod. 4, 11. 
 
 -out : Phr.: drink, piper ; 
 
 come, w. your pipe out of your mouth, 
 bibe tibicen ; age, eripe ex ore tibias, PI. 
 Stich. s. 4. ?6- 
 
 whirl {subs.) : 1. turbo, Inis, m. : 
 the w. {rotation) of the heavens, turbo 
 caeli, Lucr. 5, 62 j: the mighty w. {of a 
 weapon thrown), imnianis turbo (cun- 
 torti teli), Virg. Aen. (•. 594 • the spindle 
 balanced with its round i«. (or whorl), 
 libratum tereti turbine fusuni, Cat. 64, 
 315 2. vortex, ieis, m. (vertex)- a 
 torrent with eddying iv., torto vortice 
 torrens, Virg. Aen. 7, 567 ; a w. of 
 duties, V. officiorura. Sen. 3. vertigo, 
 ini>, /. : tlie heavrn is swept round in 
 ceaseless w., as^idua rapilur vertigine 
 caelum, Ov. M. 2, 70. 4. verticillus . 
 the w. of a spindle : Plin. 
 
 Whirl(t')- I. Trans: 1. tor- 
 queo, rsi. tum, 2 : to to. the thongs of the 
 sling, torquere verbera fundae, Virg. G. 
 I ■ 5'~9- 2. contorqueo : Eridanus w.ing 
 forests in his furious eddy, insano con- 
 torquens vortice silvas Kridanus, Virg. 
 G. I, 481 : that the sphere may w. round 
 with velocity, ut globus celeritate con- 
 torqueatur, Cic. N. D. i, 10, 24. 3. 
 r6to, I : he w.s him through the air like 
 a sling, per auras more rotat fundae, 
 Ov. m'. 4, 517 ; a ^v.ing tornado, rotans 
 turlxi, Lucr. i, 29?. ||. Intrans. : 
 torqueor Cic: rotor: Ov. : *inorbem, 
 in gyrum agi, circumagi, moveri, ferri, 
 (Kr ). 
 
 whirligig : perh. turbo, inis, m. (lit. 
 top, hence anything that has the whirl- 
 
 ing motion of a top : v Smith's Lat. Diet. 
 s. V. turbo). 
 
 whirling : contortlo : a w.ing round 
 of the right hand, conturtio dexterae, 
 Auct. Her. 4, 19, 26. 
 
 whirlpool : 1. vortex, icis, TO. 
 
 so that the waters circling round are 
 sucked in and make a w., ut circum- 
 latae aquae in se sorbeantur et voi ticem 
 eificiant. Sen. Q. N. 5, l?. 2. gurges, 
 itis, m. {a strong eddy ; chiefly poet.) : 
 here turbid with mud and of yawn ing 
 depth a w. boils, turbidus hie coeno 
 vastaque voragine gurges aestuat, V^irg. 
 Aen. 6, 296. 3. vQtago, inis, /. {a 
 devouring gulf ) : the horse sunk in the 
 W.S, submersus equus voraginibus, Cic. 
 Div. I, j{, 7J. 
 
 whirlwind : 1. turbo, inis, m. : 
 wind driven round and circling round, 
 the same place is a w., ventus circum- 
 actus et eundem ambiens locum turbO 
 est, Sen. (j. N. 5, 13: / n-ho amid voj 
 and waves had steered the ship of tht 
 stale, qui in turbinibus ac fluciibus rei 
 publieae naveni gubernassem, Cic. Pis. 
 9, 20. 2. vortex, Icis, to. : they were 
 stvept round and beaten dowti by the w., 
 vortice intorti afiligebantur, Liv. 21, 58. 
 3. prester, eris, TO. : what the (,'reeks 
 called fery v).s from their nature, pres- 
 teras Graii quos ab re noniinitarunt, 
 Lucr. 6, 41} : a •• preMer " is a fiery w., 
 prester igneus est turbo. Sen. y. N. 5, 
 
 IJ. 
 
 whirr {subs.) .• stridor (the nearest 
 word, but it implies whizzing sound as 
 well) : the w. of wings, stridor pennar- 
 um. Plin. II, 29, j;. 
 
 whirr ("■) • strideo, di, 2: uriih w.ing 
 wings, stridentibus alis, Virg. Aen. i, 
 
 397- 
 
 whisk {subs.): a light brusli: sco- 
 pilla : Cato : Col. 
 
 whisk ("•) •• Phr. : to w. or brush 
 off, * everrere, excutere : to w. about {to 
 move quickly about), * circum volitare. 
 
 whiskers : no exact word : w.'d 
 cheeks, hirsutae genae. Mart. 6, Si, 4. 
 
 whiskey : * aqua vitae. 
 
 whisper (subs.) .- siisurrus : be open ; 
 I will have no loiv murmur or w., palam 
 age, nolo ego murmurillum neque su- 
 surruni fieri, PI. Rud. 5. i. 48 : the hedge 
 shall with gentle w. {of bees) oft in rite 
 sleep, sepes saepe levi somnos suadebit 
 inire susurro, Virg. E. i, 56: to hear 
 gentle lo.s., blandosaudire susurros. Prop. 
 I, II, I J : gentle w.s, lenes susurri, Hor 
 Od. I, 9. 19. 
 
 whisper ("•) •■ 1. susurro, l : tht 
 breeze of the w.ing wind, aura susur- 
 rantis venti, Virg. Cul. 154: / hear it 
 w.'d that she is an Athenian citizen, su- 
 surrari audio civem Attieam esse banc, 
 Ter. Andr. 4, 4, 40. 2. insusurro, i 
 to IV. to another, insusurrare alteri, Cic. 
 Tusc. 5, j6, 10! : to w. into the ears, in- 
 susurrare in aures, id. Q. Fr. i, i, 4, ij. 
 Phr.: to u<. something or anothei- to the 
 slave, in aurem dicere nescio quid puero, 
 Hor. S. I, 9, 9. 
 
 whisperer: siisurrator: only toj 
 come, susurratiires dumtaxat veniunt, 
 Coel. in Cic. F.-un. 8, 1,4. 
 
 whispering {subs.): susurrus: t. 
 
 WHISFIR. 
 
 {adj.) ; susurrus ; a w. tongue, 
 susurra lingua, Ov. M. 7, 825. 
 
 whist (subs.) : * lusus chartarum 
 qui nouiinatur " whist." 
 
 whist iinteij.) : St, tace : Plaut. : Ter. 
 
 whistle (subs.): I. The sound: 
 V. WHISTLING. II, The instrument: 
 " fistiila. 
 
 whistle (v.) •• I. I n t r a n 8. : 1. 
 sibilo, I : lest the tvind may w. {througx 
 the ropes), ne sibilet aura, Luc 2, 698 • 
 the ct eaking ropes w., stridor rudentum 
 sibilat, Sil. 17, 2;8: sibilo seems rathe.- 
 of o hissing than of a clear flute-like w 
 
 2, strideo, 2 ; strido, j {of the wind): 
 the wrxxls w. {with the urind), stridunt 
 silvae, Virg. Aen. 2, 418. Phr : tow. 
 to an 1/ one to come, * sibilo aliquem pro- 
 vocare(Kr.). ||. Trans.: Phr.: to 
 w. a tune, "fistidato ore modes ex- 
 primere, cauere.
 
 WHISTLING 
 
 W U «) L E 
 
 W H y 
 
 whistling (««*»•) : 1. sibUus(p?. 
 
 Id the pot-tb sibila, oruDi, n.) : to give a 
 sign by w., sibilo signum dare, Liv. 25, 
 8 r the w. of the coming swith-tvesl icinil, 
 venientis sibilns Aiistri, Vip^ K. 5, 82: 
 shepherd's U'.s (pipings), pastoria sibila, 
 Ov. M. I J, 785. 2. stridor, oris (o/' 
 the vnnd) : IUk w. of tfie stoitn, stridor 
 procellac, I'rop. j, "j, 47. 
 
 whistling iouij) •• 1. slbilus : Virg. 
 2. .-tiidons (of the wind) : v. to 
 WHISTLE (Jl.). 
 
 whit: I'hr. : Sisyphus turns a 
 stont and advances not a w.. Sisyphus 
 versat saxiim ueque proficit biluin, I'oet. 
 Cic. Tusc. I, 5, 10: not a w. butter, ni- 
 hilo melius, Cic: every w. as gooii, oni- 
 nino, oumi ex parte par: v. alto- 
 
 GETHKK. 
 
 white (a<i?) •• 1. albus (dead white, 
 opp. to ater) : Democritus could vot 
 distinguish things ic. and black, iJeiiio- 
 critus alba et atra discernere non [wte- 
 rat, Cic Tusc. 5, 59, 114: w. h/rses, a. 
 equi.Virg. G. 3, 82 : a it\ paleness blanches 
 his clieek. ora pallor albus inficit, Hor. 
 Ep. 7, 15 : pedibus albis, with w. 
 (chalked) feet, Juv. i, iii. 2. can- 
 didus (glistening u: opp. to niger) : w.er 
 than swans, candidior lygiiis, Virg. E. "], 
 j8: w. lilies, c. lllia, I'rop. 1, 20, }8 : 
 Suracte w. with snow, Soracte nive can- 
 didum, Hor. Od. i, 9, i. 3. canus 
 
 (hoary) : w. waves, cani fluctus, Lucr. 2, 
 767 : w. hairs, c. capilli, Hor. Od. 2, 11, 
 15: «;. rime, caiia pruina, ib. i, 4, 4. 
 4, niveus (snowy) : garments »■. as 
 siurw, nivea vestis, Ov. M. 10, 452. 
 P h r. • to be w., albere, albicare, tan- 
 Jiere, eanere (ace. to kind of whiteness) : 
 tfte plains are v. u-ith bones, catnpi 
 ossibus albent, Virg. Aen. 12, 56: the 
 meadows are w. with hoarfrost, prata 
 albicant pniliiis, Hor. Od. i, 4, 4: tlie 
 ivory is w., candet ebur, Cat. 64, 4; : while 
 the grass is w., dum graniina cauent, 
 Virg. G. J, J2j : the iron glows iv. in the 
 fire, ferrum candescit in igni. Lucr. i, 
 ■49'- 
 
 white-bait: * dupea lutulus. 
 
 -lead : cerussa : Plin. 
 
 -swelling : * hydarthrus : Med. 
 
 -thorn: *onopardium acauth- 
 
 ium : Bot. 
 
 vitriol : * sulphas zinci. 
 
 white (subs.) : 1. album : spotted 
 I'ith w., maculis insignis et allxi, Virg. 
 G. }, 56: the v:. of an egg, album ovi, 
 Cels. : of an eye, a. oculi, Cels. 2. 
 
 candor : the w. of an egg, c ovi, Plin. 
 
 whiten: I. Trans.: 1. 
 
 dealbo, i : those columns which you see 
 w.'d, illae columnae quas dealbatas 
 vldetis, Cic Verr. i. 55, 14;. 2. 
 
 candefacio. feci, factum, } : to w. ivory, 
 c ebur, PI. Most, i, }, 102. ||. 
 
 1 n t r a n s. : 1. albesco, } : the sea 
 
 wj, mare albesclt, Cic. Ac. 2, J J, loj. 
 2, canesco, } : the sea w.s beneath 
 the oars, caiicscunt aequora remis, Ov. 
 H. J. 65. 
 
 whiteness: 1. albitudo, inis,/. : 
 w. of the hfad, capitis albitudo, PI. Trin. 
 4, 2, ) 2. 2. candor : dazzling w., 
 
 splendidissimus candor, Cic. Rep. 6, 16: 
 
 T. WHITK (subs.). 
 
 whitewash (subs.) -. albarium : 
 Vitr. 
 
 whitewash (".)•• dealbo, i: to 
 whitewash two walls from the same pot, 
 duo parietes de eadem tidelia dealbare. 
 Cur. Cic. Fam. 7, 29, 2. Phr. : he con- 
 tracted for w.ing the c"?«mn«, columnas 
 poliendas albo locavit, Liv. 40, 51. 
 
 whither: I. InterrogaUve : 1. 
 quo: w. are you rushing T quo ruitls? 
 Hor. : w. in tfie ivorld f quo terrarum, 
 quo gentium .' PI. 2. quorsum : / 
 know not w. I am going, nescio quor- 
 sum earn, Ter. ||. Helative : quo : 
 lie wHl go w. you wish, who has lost his 
 purse, ibit eo quo vis qui zoiiani perdi- 
 dit. Hor. Ep. 2, ?, 40. 
 
 whithersoever : quocunque : Cic. 
 
 whiting: I. The fish-. *gadus 
 
 merlangus: Linn. ||. A soft chalk: 
 
 •calx, calcis,/. 
 
 whitish: 1. albidus; w.foam. 
 
 albida spuma, Ov. M. j, 74. 2. sut*- 
 
 albus : Varr. 3. subalbidus : Plin. 
 
 4. succandldus : I'lln. 
 whitlow: pirony-chia (and paroiiy- 
 
 chiiniii riiii. 
 Whitsunday : *dies primus Pente- 
 
 CosIe>. 
 
 Whitsuntide : P'-ntecostg (= ntv- 
 rrfKoimfi. the fiftieth day after Easter) : 
 Eccl. : dies fesli Pentecostes : Jvccl. : 
 pentecostalis (adj.) : Keel. : Whitsuntide 
 holidays, feriae pentecostales (liubnk. 
 e Kr.). 
 
 whiz : strideo, di, 2 : a whizzing 
 aiTfiir, stridens sagitta, Virg. Aen. 12, 
 
 whizzing (subs.) .- stridor : the w. of 
 wings, stridor peDoarum, Plin. 11, 29, 
 
 j;- 
 
 whizzing (04?) •• stridulus : the «-. 
 coi-nel-sprar sounds, sonltum dat stri- 
 dula coriius, Virg. Aen. 12, 267. 
 
 who : I. Interrogative : 1. 
 
 quis: 1(7(0 !s the man f quis homo 'st? 
 Ter. : reflect who is said to have de- 
 frauded uhomf consldera quis quern 
 fraudasse dicatur, Cic. 2. quisnam : 
 in emphatic or lively questions : PL : 
 Ter., etc. ||. Relative : qui. 
 
 whoever: 1. quicunque: who- 
 
 ever he is, I profess myself his enemy, 
 quicunque is est, ei me profiteor inimi- 
 cum.Cic. Fam. 10, jr, J. 2. quisquis: 
 he who shall strike an enemy shall be to 
 me a Carthaginian, whoever he sliall be., 
 hosteni qui feriet mihi erit Carthagi- 
 niensis, quisquis erit, Eiin. ap. Cic. Balb. 
 
 22, ;i : V. AVUATKVKB. 
 
 whole (o.dj)- 1. totus: the w. 
 state, tota respublica, Cic. Mil. 2J, 61 : 
 they marched uninterruptedli/ through 
 the w. night, tola nocte contineiiter 
 ierunt, Caes. B. G. i, 26 : il you came out 
 ii\ attd unhurt, si totus et integer exieras, 
 Pers. 5, 17}. 2. omnis, e (all) : the w. 
 heaven, earth, and sea, omne caelum 
 totaque cum universe mari terra, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, J4, 112 : the w. island, onitiis in- 
 sula, Caes. B. G. 5, I J. 3. cunctus(aH 
 collectively) : the w. senate and people, 
 cnnctus senatus populusque, Liv. 9, 6 : 
 the w. world, c. terrarum orbis, Virg. Aen. 
 I, 2}J. 4. iinveraus: heis belijcedby 
 the If. province and by each separate 
 part of it, ab uiiiversa provincia genera- 
 timque a singulis ejus partibusdiligitur, 
 Cic. Verr. 2, 69, 168. 5. intgier (un- 
 impaired) : the loner part of the piles 
 remained w., pars inferior sublicarum 
 Integra remanebat, Caes. B. G. ^, i$ : w. 
 and uninjured in every resp«c<, omnibus 
 rebus iutegri incolumesque, Cic Fam. 
 • J. 4, J- 6. sarins (sound): iv. and 
 
 sound, sanus recteque valens, Hor. Ep. 
 I, 16, 21: if he were made w. by that 
 medicine, si eo medicamento sanus 
 factus sit, Cic. Off. ?, 24, 92. 7. s61J- 
 dus (complete) : to receive the w. pay for 
 half the year's service, militia semestri 
 solidum stipendium accipere, Liv. 5, 4 : 
 some days are wanting to the w. year, 
 desunt dies solido anno, Liv. i, 19. 
 
 whole (subs.): 1. tiitum: the iv. 
 depends on this, totum in eo est, Cic. 
 y. Fr. }, I, I : upo7i the w^ in toto, id. 
 Att. ij, 20, 4. 2. universitas (<Ae w. 
 opp. to the parts): the w. of the human 
 race, universitas generis bumani, Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 6;, 164: J pronounce at once 
 upon tlte w., the parts I will lest by a 
 reading. Jam nunc de universitate pro- 
 nuntio, de partibus experiar legcndo, 
 Plin. Ep. J, 15. 3. iiniversum : the 
 first elements of mind which are in this 
 same w. (universe) he calls gods, priiicipia 
 mentis quae sunt in eodeni universe 
 deos esse dicit, CSc. N. D. i, 45, 120 : not 
 singly, but as a w., non nominatim, sed 
 in universum, Liv. 9, 26, »(«/. 4. 
 sunima (the 10. amount): nothing shall 
 6e taken from the it'., de sumnia nil de- 
 cedet, Ter. Ad. 5, J, 50: on the «•., ad 
 summam, Cic. 5. omnia (all the 
 
 parts): the u'. depends tm this, in eo 
 sunt omnia. Cic. ram. 15, 14, >. The 
 n: of may also be expressed by wij. : 
 the w. of the land, tofi terra : v. 
 WHOLE (adj.). Phr.: upon the to. 
 
 (aSl things considered), •omnibus per- 
 pensis. 
 
 wholesale: mercatura magna, mer- 
 catQra magna ei copiosa: Pbr. : tnui- 
 ness, if it is retail, is to he deemed m^ean, 
 if w. and extensiif, xt not so mucli to tie 
 centureil, tnercatura. si tenuis est, sordid* 
 putanda est, sin magna et cupiusa non 
 est adm>xlum viiuperanda. Cic. Off. i, 
 42, 151 : to cart y on a w. business, mag- 
 nam mercaturam fac.re. Cic. (e Kr.) : 
 Caesar sold the booty of tliat town w. 
 (in one lot), Caesar sictli.nem ejus oppidi 
 umversam veiididit, (Jaes. B. G. 2, jj. 
 A w. dealer : J. qui mat;nara facil 
 mercaturam: Cic. 2. niercator (asopp. 
 to caupo) , Cic. 3. * negotiator mag- 
 narius, App. Fig.: by w. : accrvatini. 
 indiscrete, nuUo discrimine : v. inui.-- 
 
 CRIMINATKLV. 
 
 wholesome : 1. salularls, e: w. 
 
 and vital watmth, salutarls et vitalis 
 calor, Cic. N. I). 2, 10,27; reast/n fatal 
 to many, w. for very fr.w, ratio multis 
 pestifera, admodum paucis s., ib. i, 27, 
 69: a 10. Iierb, herba salutaris, Plin. 
 2. salubris, e (more limited to what 
 is w.for the body) : w. sleep, somni salu 
 bres, Virg. G. ?, 5J0: w. breezes, s.&urat: 
 Hor. Carm. >S. ji : most w. counsels, salu- 
 berrima consilia, i'ac. Agr. 21. 
 
 wholly: 1. omnino: either w. or 
 in grrat part, aut omnino, aut magna 
 ex parte, Cic. Tusc. 1,1,1. 2. plane 
 he is w. without oomnn/n sense, communi 
 sensu plane caret, Hor. .S. i, j, 66. 3. 
 prorsus (absolutely, decidedly) : I am 
 w. of tliat opinion, ila prorsus existimo, 
 Cic. Tusc 2, 5, 14. 4. ^x toto: nor 
 yet can you w. abandon them, nee tameii 
 ex toto deserere ilia pote«, Ov. I'ont. 4, 
 8, 72. Or expr. by ex omni parte, omni 
 ratione, etc. : v. altogether, ektikely. 
 Phr.: that is to. false, falsum est id 
 totum, Cic. Rep. 2, i;, 28: a man w. 
 made up of deceit and lies, totus ex 
 fraude et mendacio factus, id. Clu. 26, 
 72 : w. wrapt up in those trifles, totus 
 in illis (nugis), Hor. S. i, 9, 2. Wholly 
 may also be expr. by per in compounds, 
 or by the superlative degree ol adjj. 
 
 whoop : uliilatus, lis : they raise a 
 w., tollunt ululatum, Caes. B. G. 5, }^ : 
 
 V. SHOtT, WAK-CRV. 
 
 whore (subs.): mgretrix, scortum, 
 prostibulimi : v. i-ecjstitcte. 
 
 whore ('•)•■ scortor, I : PL : Ter. 
 
 whoredom: Pbr.: to commit w 
 (of men) : scortari, stupra facere: K. 
 had committed iv. tvilh Fulvia, erat ei 
 cum Fulvia stupri consuetude. Sail. C. 
 2} : of women ; piidicitiam prostituere. 
 Suet. : corpus publicare, PI. : vulgare. 
 Liv. : meretricium facere, SueL 
 
 whoremonger: 1. seortator: 
 
 PI. : Hor. 2. stuprator (ravisher) : 
 Quint. ■ .Suet 
 
 whorish : 1 meretnclus : to. 
 
 life. ni. vita, Cic. Coel. 2o, 49. 2. 
 libidiiii'sus (lustful): Cic. 3. impu- 
 dicus (immodest): Cic 
 
 whortle-berry : vaccinum: Plin.: 
 vacciiiiiim niyrtillus: Linn. 
 
 whose Ca<0)- cijjus: to. girl is it. 
 Virgo cuja 'st, Ter. Eun. 2, J, 29 : w. 
 cattle f cujum pecus ? Virg. E. j, i. 
 
 why (interr.) : 1. cur: why does 
 he l<jve * cur amat ? Ter. : what is the 
 reason why he is not afraid t quid est 
 causae cur non is pertlmescal ? Cic. 2. 
 quid: why do I argue' quid ego argu- 
 mentor? Cic. : say why you have come, 
 eloquere quid venisti. PL 3. quare : 
 why did you deny itf quare negasti? 
 Cic. : I do not k-notv why, nescio quare. 
 Cic 4. quamobreni : / think you a 
 rascal. i\'hy,prayf .Scelestissimum te 
 arbitror. Nam quamobrem ? PL: to what 
 end t why f fur what cause f quem ad 
 finem ? quamobrem .' quam ob causam ? 
 Cic: V. WHEUEFORE. Phr. I why not f 
 quidnl? Ter.: (Tie: whydo toe not mount 
 our horses * quin conscendlmus equos ? 
 Liv. I, 57. 
 
 why (interj.) : no one word for it In 
 
 all cises in interrogations expr. by nam, 
 
 either subjoined to a pronoun or at the 
 
 beginning : why what kind of a dream 
 
 W7
 
 WICK 
 
 WIFE 
 
 WILFUL 
 
 w that of Tarquinius Superhus ? cujus- benevoUvce extending far and w.. bene- 
 nam modi est Superbi Tarquinii som- \ volentia Ute longeque diffusa, C!c. Leg. 
 nium? Cic.Div. i, 22, 4! : why what am, 1 i, 12, 54: the art is of iv. exte7it,aTS late 
 I dciingf nam quid ago? Virg. Aen. 12, I patet, id. Or. 1,55, 2J5 : a nd^lake spread 
 
 bi"] : in wondering assertions by at 
 what is the qtieslion ? ivhethfr the thing 
 was dorwf why thai is ceHain, quid 
 quaerendum est ? factutone sit ? at con- 
 stat, Cic. Mil. 6, 15 : or liy immo (,nay) : 
 is not then the cause good r why it is 
 most excellent, causa igitur non bon& est ? 
 immo optima, id. Alt. 9, 7, 4 Piir. : 
 why yes; enim, enimvero: your wife 
 said you called me. St. Why yes, I did 
 order you to be called, te uxor aiebat 
 lua rac vocare. St. Ego enim vocari 
 juBsi, PI. Casin. 2, 4, 2 do you indeed 
 say so? So. Wliy yes I do, ain' verof 
 So. aio enimvero, Fl. Am. i, i, 188. 
 
 wick : 1. ellydmium : Plin. 2. 
 filnm {thread) : aunnllewhosew. I trim 
 and husband, candela cujus dispcnso et 
 tempero filuni. Juv. }, 287 : rush w.s, 
 scirpea fila, Prud. 
 
 wicked : 1. scglestns : a w., atro- 
 cious, and abominable crime, res sce- 
 lesta, atrox, netaria, Cic. Rose. Am. 22, 
 62 : w. and audacious villain, sce- 
 lestum atque audacem honiinem, Ter. 
 Eun. 4, 4, 41. 2. scelCratus: a w., 
 guilty, avd criviinal man, vir sceleratus, 
 facinorosus, nefarius, Cic. Rep. ;, 17, 
 27 : the w. madness of war, scelerata 
 insania belli, Virg. Aen. 7, 461. 3. 
 ngfarius (impious) : w. vows, n. vota, 
 Cic. Clu. 68. 194. 4. mains (opp. to 
 bonus) : a w. and worthless man, malus 
 et nequani homo, PI. Ps. 4, 7, i. 5. 
 pravus (vicious, in the wrong direction, 
 opp. to rectus): iv. advisers, pravi im- 
 pulsores, Tac. H. 4, 68. 6. impius 
 (unnatural): men w. and crime-stained, 
 impll et conscelerati, Cic. Pis. 20, 46: 
 criminal and w. deeds, scelerata atque 
 iuipia facta, Lucr. i, 84. 7. imprObus 
 (opp. to probus, against what is honest 
 and upright) : worthless and w., nequam 
 et improbus, Ci#. Deiot. 7, 21 : v. bad, 
 
 CRIMINAL. 
 
 wickedly: 1. sceleste: Li v. 2. 
 scelgrate: Cic. 3. nefarie : Cic. 4. 
 impie: Cic. 5. improbe: Cic. 
 
 wickedness : 1. sceius, eris, «. .- 
 
 abominable w., detestabile sceius, Cic. 
 Am. 8, 27 : on ove side contends duty, 
 iin the other w., hinc pietas, illiiic sceius, 
 id. Cat. 2, II, 25. 2 nglas (sin against 
 divine law) ; they all dared monstrous 
 IV., ausi omnes immane nefas, Virg. Aen. 
 6, 624. 3. flagitium (shameful w:t) : 
 to leave no crime, no w. undone, nihil 
 facinoris, nihil flagitii praeiermittere, 
 Liv. }(), I J. 4. impietas: tv. and 
 crim^e, impietas et sceius, Cic. Kin. 4, 24, 
 66. 5. imprSbitas : w. and perverse- 
 ness, improbitas perversitasque, Cic. Q. 
 Fr. I, I, I J, ?8. Phr. ; to commit an 
 act of shameful "•., aliquid lu-farie fla- 
 gitioseque facere, Cic. Verr. Act. i, u. 
 J7 ; aliquid impie nefarieque commit- 
 t€re, ib. 1, 2, 6. 
 
 wicker : 1. vimlneus : n: covers, 
 viminea tegumenta, Caes. B. C. ?, 6; 
 w.hurdUwork, vimineae crates, Virg (i. 
 I. 95- 2. criiticius (watlUd) ■ Vitr. 
 3. craticulus : Cato. I'hr. : hurdles 
 of w.-work, textae crates, Hor. Kp. 2, 
 45 : w.-umk shield.s, scuta viminibiis iu- 
 texta, Caes. B. G. 2. ??• 
 
 wide ; 1. lat"s : a w. ditch, lata 
 fossa, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59 1 a marsh not 
 under than, ffty fed, palus non latiur 
 pedibus quinquaginta. Caes. B. G 7, 19; 
 it is of wilier extent than is here setfoiih, 
 latius patet quiim hicexponitur.Cic. In v. 
 I, 46, 86. 2. aniplus (roomy) : the w. 
 porch, amplae porticus, Virg. Aen. ;, J5J. 
 3, spaiiosus : the w. sea, spatiosum 
 aequor, Plin.4, 1. 1. 4. patulus (open): 
 ffie w. world, patulus mundus, Lucr. 6, 
 108. 5. patens: w. plains, cainpi 
 
 patentes, Liv. 21, 47 : the w. and open 
 hfaven, caelum patens atque apertum, 
 Cic. iJiv. I, I, 2. 6. laxus (opp. to 
 angustus) : a w. (ojjen) donr, laxa janua, 
 Uv. Am. I, 8, 77 : where there was wider 
 scope for negligence, in quo negllgentiae 
 laxlor locus esset, Liv. 24, 8. Phr. : 
 048 
 
 far and w., error longe lateque diffusus, 
 id. Fin. 2, !4, 115 : that our words may 
 not be w. of our mark, iie al) eo quod 
 propositum est aberrel oraiio, id. Caecin. 
 19. 55- 
 
 wide-spreading : patulus : a w. 
 beech, patula fagus, Virg. E. i, i : a 
 plane-tree with w. boughs, platJinus 
 patulis diffusa ramis, Cic. de Or. i, 
 7,28. 
 
 widely : 1. 'ate : that they might 
 wander less w., ut minus late vaga- 
 rentur, Caes. B. G. i, 2 ; a people w. 
 reigning, populus late rex, Virg. Aen. t, 
 21. 2. spaiiose: incompar. : moreic, 
 spatiosius.Ov. Am. J 6,85. 3. laxe: 
 in superl. : the planet Mercury wanders 
 most w., Mercurii Stella laxissirae va- 
 gatur, Plin. 2, 16, TJ^ 
 
 widen •" 1. dilato, i : to IV, a camp, 
 dilatare costra, Liv. 27, 46. 2- extendo, 
 di, tum, ? : he bade the plains w., the 
 valleys sink, Jussit et extendi campos, 
 subsidere valles, Ov. M. i, 4J. 3- 
 laxo, I : that ive might w. the forum, ut 
 forum laxarenius, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14. 
 4. amplif ico, i : the city seemed to 
 need w.ing, urbs amplificanda visa est, 
 Liv. I, 44. 
 
 width : 1. latttudo, inis, /. : the 
 w. of a ditch, 1. fossae, Caes. B. (i. 2, 1 2. 
 2. amplitudo, inis, /. (s^■^e).• the iv. 
 between the horns, amplitudo comuum, 
 Caes. B. G. 6, 26. 3. laxitas (wide 
 
 extent) : the w. of the sea, laxitas maris, 
 Plin. 4, 12, 24. 
 
 widow: vidua: who tvas so long a 
 w. without her husband, quae tam diu 
 viro suo vidua caruit, PI. Stich. i, i, 2. 
 Phr.- to become a tv., viduam fieri, Cic. : 
 in viduitate relinqui, l^iv. 40, 4 : a tv's 
 fund, * aerarium viduis sustlneiidis, 
 alendis, or aerarium viduarum (Kr.) : 
 tv.'s alimony, *pecunia viduae alendae, 
 sustinendae data, destinata (Kr.). 
 
 widowed: 1. viduatus: .Agrip- 
 
 pina w. by thedeath of Domitian. Agrip- 
 pina viduata morte Domitii. Suet. (ialb. 
 5 : w. of Phoebus' light, viduatos lumine 
 Phoebi, Virg. Cul. J72. 2- viduus: lie 
 joins the vine to w. trees, vitem viduas 
 ducit ad arbores, Hor. Od. 4, 5, Jo. 
 3, orbus : a w. couch, orbum 
 cubile. Cat. 66, 21. 
 
 widower : viduus vir . to weep when 
 a w. deprived <f his wife, abducta 
 viduum conjuge flere virum, Ov. H. 
 8, 86. Plir. : to become a w., viduum 
 fieri, amittere uxorem, Cic. (e Kr.). 
 
 widowhood : 1. viduitas : Ae- 
 butius who hail Imigbeen maintained by 
 the IV. and loneliness of Caesennia, Ae- 
 butius qui janidiu Caesenniae viduitate 
 ac solitudine aleretur, Cic. Caec. 5, IJ: 
 Liv. 2. orbltas: Just. 2,4. 
 
 wield: I. '-it-: 1. tracto, I: 
 to w. weapmts, tela traclare, Liv. 7, J2 : 
 there is no one ivho w.s mctnly arms 
 with more grace, virilia spt-ciosius arma 
 non est qui tractet, Hor. Ep. i, 18, 5i. 
 2. iitor, sus, j, dep. : that he might 
 IV. arms well, bene ut armis uteretur, 
 Cic. Deiot. 10. 28. ||. Fig.: 1. gero, 
 ge.ssi, gestum, j : that they might w. 
 their poiver, ut potestatem gererent, Cic. 
 Verr. 2, 55, ij8. 2. tSneo, ui, ntum, 
 2 : Aeolus sits w.ing his sceptre, sedet 
 Aeolus sceptra tenens, Virg. Aen. i, 57 : 
 
 v. TO USE, TO EMPLOT. 
 
 wife : 1. uxor, oris : to take a w., 
 uxorem adjungere, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 68 : 
 has then Antipho taken a w. without my 
 ccmsent? itane tandem uxorem duxit 
 Antipho injussu nieo? Ter. I'horm 2, i, 
 I. 2. conjux, jQgis (a partner): 
 
 wives and children, conjuges ac liberi, 
 Cic. Cat. 4, 9. 18. 3. niarita (mostly 
 
 poet.) : chaste ivives, cistae maritae, Ov. 
 F. 2. 1 59. Phr.- if you refuse to take 
 a to., si tu iiegaris riiit-ere, I'er. Andr. 2, 
 ?, 5 : the maiden beca7ne the w. of him 
 whose w. Caecilia had been, virgo ei 
 nupsit cui Caecilia ante nupta fuerat. 
 
 matrimonium dare, Caes. B. G. i, j : for 
 
 otiier phrases, v. to Marr*. 
 
 wig : 1. cilpillamentuni : disguised 
 in a w., capillaniento celatus Suet. Cal. 
 II. 2. galenmi - a yellow iv. hiding 
 her black hair, nigrum flavo caput ab- 
 sconriente galero. Juv. 6, 1 20. 3. gal- 
 ericiilum : a w. being fitted to his head 
 because his hair was thin, galericulo 
 capiti propter raritatem capillorum adap- 
 tiito. Suet. 0th. 12. 4. caliendrum, 
 Hor. S. I, 8, 48. [Note.— A wig was 
 sometimes called crines emti, Ov. A. A. 
 J, 16; : cf. Becker, Gallus, ili., p. 151 ] 
 
 wig-maker : * capillamentorum 
 textor (Kr.). 
 
 wild : 1. ferus : what various 
 kinds of beasts there are, both tame arid 
 w.., quam varia genera bestiarum vel 
 cicurum vel feraium, Cic. N. D. 2, jg, 
 99 : a ill. goat, f. capra, Virg. Aen. 4, 
 150: w. fruits, f. fructns, id. G. 2, {6: 
 w. mountains, f. montes, id. E. 5, 28: 
 from w. and savage has rendered them 
 gentle and civilized, ex feris et imma- 
 nibus mites reddidit et mansuetos, Cic. 
 Inv. I, 2, 2. 2. agrestis, e ('/ the 
 fields as opp. to town): the roots of w. 
 palms, radices palmarum agrestium, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, j8, 99 : « w. ra:e of men, 
 genus hominum agreste. Sail. C. 6. 
 3. silvestris, e (of the woods): w. 
 cornels, silvestria coma, Hor. S. 2, 2, 
 57. 4. rudis, e (rough, unculti- 
 
 vated) : w. grass, herba rudis, Mart. 
 2, 90. 5. incultus : a w. and wood- 
 land ivay, inculta et silvestris via, Cic. 
 Brut. 74, 259. 6. vastus (desolate, 
 of places) : a mountain w. naturally. 
 mens vastus ab natura. Sail. J. 48. 
 Fig.: men in their looks and gestures 
 w. and uncouth, vultu motuque corporis 
 vasti atque agrestes, Qc. de Or. i, 25, 
 115. 7. immanis, e (mon.<<?o«s) .- an 
 enemy savage and w., hostis ferus et 
 immanis, Cic. Verr. 2, 21, 51. 8. 
 saevus : savage, w., fierce, agrestis, sae- 
 vus, truculentus, Ter. Ad. ;, 4, 12 ; v. 
 FIERCE. 9. insanus (mad): a w.er 
 
 passion, insanior cupiditas, Cic. Verr. 4, 
 18. jg. 10. amens: a most w. design, 
 amentissimum con.silium, Cic. Att. 7, 
 10: blind with w. fury, amenti caeca 
 furore. Cat. 64, 197. Phr.: the deep 
 lairs of w. -beasts, stabula alta ferarum, 
 Virg. Aen. 6, 179 : timid w.-asses, 
 timidi onagri, Virg. 6. j, 409: a bristly 
 tu.-boar, setosus aper, id. E. 7, 29 : o 
 w.-ox, urns, Caes. B. G. 6, 28 w.-thyme, 
 serpyllum, Virg. E. 2, II. 
 Wilderness : 1. I5^u« desertus, 
 
 also desertum as subs. .- Caes. : Virg. : 
 Vulg. : V. DESERT. 2. solitudo, inis, 
 /. : what a w. there was in the felds, 
 what a waste, quae solitudo esset in 
 agris, quae vastitas, Cic. Verr. 4, 51, 
 114: wheie they make a w. they call it 
 peace, ubi solitudinem faciunt pacem 
 appellant, Tac. Agr. jo. 3. vastitas. 
 let them not prefer a iv. and solitude to 
 friendly nations, ne vastitatem ac soli- 
 tudinem mallent quam amicos populos, 
 Tac. A. I J. 55 : into such a w. did he 
 turn the Sabine land, tantam vastitatem 
 in Sabino agro reddidit, Liv. }, 26. 
 Phr.: land reduced by pestilence to a 
 desolate w., genus agrorum propter pes- 
 tilentiam vastum atque desertum, Cic. 
 Agr. 2, 26, 70. 
 
 wildly : insane (madly) : gen. expr. 
 by adj. or noun : he rages «'., * furi- 
 bundus est, summo furore sacvit, in- 
 sanit : Vhr. : the priestess raves w. 
 through the cave, in antro baccbatur 
 vates, Virg. Aen. 6, 78. 
 
 wildness : 1. fSritas : in human 
 form the w. and savageness of a brute, 
 in tigura hominis feritas et iramanitas 
 beUiae, Cic. Off. 3, 6, J2. 2. imma- 
 nitas : roughness and to. of nature, 
 aspcritas et Iramanitas naturae, Cic. Am. 
 2J, 87. 
 
 wile (.^ubs.) ; ars, fraus, dolus : v. 
 
 ART, DECEIT. 
 
 wile ("•) -• iillicio, dccTpio : v. TO de- 
 ceive, TO p.rr.iii.r. 
 
 wilful : 1- P*''"^''i"ax, acis : that 
 
 Cic. Uiv. I, 46, 104: to give to w.. in he should be 0/ si«.7. a to. spirit ! adeon
 
 WILFULLY 
 
 WIN 
 
 WIND 
 
 pervicaci tssc animo! ler. Hcc. 4, i, 
 11- 2. penlnax, acis: you will be 
 
 very to. if you persist in this, pertina- 
 cissituus' fueris si in eo perstiterls, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, J J, loT. 3. obstinatus: a 
 more w. determination, voluntas obsti- 
 naiior, Cic. Alt. i, li, i. 4. on- 
 
 tuniiix, acl8 {stiff-necked) : who more 
 VI )t quia contum.icior? Cic. Verr. 2, 78, 
 192: for these meanings of wilful, v. 
 OBSriNATK. 5. t6nit5iarius {head- 
 
 Strang, rash) : that blind awl w. tiirant 
 0/ the mind, passion, caeca ac tenieraria 
 dominatri.x iiiiiiiii cupiditas, Cic. Inv. 1, 
 2, 2. P li r. : it is a compulsory, nut a 
 w. offence, necessitatis crimen est, non 
 voluntatis, Cic. Lig. 2, 5. 
 
 wilfully : I. stubbornly :_ 1. 
 
 perviciiciter : Liv. 2. pcrliiiaclter : 
 
 Van-.: v. oiteTiNATELV. 1|. Purposely : 
 
 1. omsiilto; it is impoilaiit whether 
 the wrimji lie drme under i-xcilement, or 
 w. and dielibirately, interest utnim per- 
 turbaltoni' ali(|ua aninii an consulto et 
 cogititte fiat injuria, Cic. Off. i, 8, 1"]. 
 
 2. de indiistiia : wnmgs which are 
 inflicted w. in trrder to damage, in- 
 Juriae quae iioccnili causa de industria 
 inferuntur, Cic. Off. i, "j. 24. 3. de- 
 dila Opera . tu d/i w., o. d. facere, Cic. de 
 Or. ?, 5", 19?. I'lir. : 10, Icnoimnyly, 
 ■with rail ei/es open I go to ruin, prudeiis, 
 aciens, viilenscjue peroo, Ter. Eun. I, I, 
 27 : nut w. : imprudenter, per impru- 
 dentlam -. v. cnintkntionau.v. 
 
 wilfulness : 1 pervTcacia : your 
 w. ami arrogance, pcrvicacia tua et 
 superbia, Liv. 9. JJ^, ad Jin. 2. Pfr- 
 tinacia: w. which is near akin to [>er- 
 setferame. pertinacia quae perseveran- 
 tiae finitima est, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 16;. 
 
 3. contumacla: nor did his imh'- 
 pendence or w. mislead any, nee lilxrias 
 aut contnmacia fraudi cuiquam fuit. 
 
 Suet. Aug. 54 : v. OBSTINACY. 4. 
 
 libido, inis, /. (wantonness) : fortuni- 
 ennobles and obscures all things more 
 in w. than according to the truth, Ibr- 
 tuna res cniictjis magis ex libidiiieqiiani 
 ex vero celebrat obscuiatque, Sail. C. 8. 
 Wilily : iistate, callide, vafre, sub- 
 
 d61e : V. AinHJLLY, CCNNINGLT. 
 
 wiliness: I. astutia: our hope 
 lies in this w., est nobis spes in liac 
 astutia, Pl.Capt. 2, i, ?}. 2. versutia 
 (in plur.) : not Carthaginian w. nor 
 Greek cunning, non Puiiicae versuliae 
 necGraeai calliditas, Liv. 42, 4';. 3. 
 calllditas: it is to be called w. rather 
 than wisdom, calliditas potius quam sa- 
 pientia est appellanda. Cic. Off. i, 19, 6} : 
 
 V. CUNNING, ABTFDLNIv'.S. 
 
 ■Vjill (subs.); |. The faculty of 
 volition, desire, purpose : 1. voliuitas: 
 that is w. which desires anything with 
 reason, voluntas est quae cum ratione 
 aliquid desiderat, Cic. I'u.sc. 4, 6, 12: 
 the decision and v. of the multitude, 
 judicium voluntasque multitudiiiis, Cic. 
 Rep. I, 4i, 69: to shew what was his w., 
 ostendi-ie quid esset suae volutitatis, 
 Caes. B. C. ?. 109: what yim seek /will 
 grant of my oiimfree w., istuc quod e\- 
 petls niea voUmtate concedam, Cic, i)iv. 
 in Caecil. 9, 27. 2. .studium ( gooti will, 
 zeal) : what good w., what favour did 
 I'anurgus brir.g f quod studium, quern 
 favorem secimi attulit Panurgus? Cic. 
 Rose. Com. 10, 29: v. inclination, zi-:ai,. 
 
 3. tvnu-ntia {iv. expressed) : as far 
 as I vnderst(ml the old man's 10. alxmt 
 the marriage, quantum iniellcNi .-enis 
 sententiam (le niiptiis, Ter. Andr 1, ?, 2. 
 
 4, consilium (piiriiose) : whether 
 by chance, or lii/ the iv. of the immortal 
 gods, sive casu, sive consillo deoium 
 immurtuliuin, Caes. B. G. I, 12: v. 
 
 PIIKPOSK, INTKNT. 5, Hl'Tdo, illis, 
 
 f. (to. and pleasure) : not n'ont to obey 
 even their kings except at their mim 
 w., ne rrgibus quldeni parere soiitl nisi 
 ex liliidine, 'I'ac. A. 4. 46. 6. arbi- 
 trium : to rule not according tu anothei-'s 
 dictotiiin. but after urn's own w., non 
 ad altrrius piae>crlpHim sed ad suum 
 arbiirinm imperare, Caes. B. ti. i, ;6: 
 Jupiter's noii and ly., Jovis inilus et 
 arbitrium, Cic. Itosc. Am. 4;, ui. 
 
 Phr. : you will do it with my good w, 
 me lubente facies, PL Am. 2, 2, 218: 
 / sent him away very much against my 
 w., ego eum a me Inviti>simu8 dimisl, 
 Cic. Fam. ij, 6j. ||. Testament: 1. 
 testamentum : to male a v)., testa- 
 menlum facere, Cic. .Mil. 18, 48; to teal 
 a w., t. obsignare, Cic. ib. : he will secure 
 this by his w.. Id testiinu-nto c.ivebit, Cic. 
 Fin. 2, )t, 102: to have the light of 
 making a w., lactionem t*stamenti 
 habere, id. Fara. 7, 21 : to alter a 
 w., testamentum mutare. Id. Clu. 11, 
 {I : to forge a w., t. subjicere, sup- 
 ponere, Cic. : to open (unseal) a w., t. 
 resignare, Hor. Kp. 1,7,9. 2. tabulae 
 testamenti (Cic. Fam. 7, 21), or tabulae 
 simply : a nexu w., novae tabulae, Plin. 
 Kp. 2, 20, 7 (the context shewing the 
 nature of th<' document). Phr.: the 
 use and prqlHs of all his property he 
 leaves by w. to Cae^ennia, usum et fruc- 
 lum omnium bonorum suorum Cae- 
 senniae legat, Cic. Caec. 4, 11: to die 
 aillujut making a w., mori intestato, 
 id. de Or. i, 40, i3j ■ a fmger of a w., 
 testamentoruin subjecior, id. Cat. 2. 4, 
 7; testamentarius, id. Sest. 17, 59: acU>p- 
 tion by w., t. adoptio, Plin. 
 
 will ("•) •■ I. '/'o ('*'«"■« ■■ ^'f*'". 
 
 volui, velle, irr. : our forefathers w.'d 
 it that about all the magistrates you 
 should give your votes twice, majores de 
 omnibus magistratibus bis vos senU-n- 
 tiam ferre voluerunt, Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 26 : 
 / ivill do wluxt you to., faciani quinj 
 vultis, id. Rep. i, 24, ?8. If ti'ill lias no 
 emphasis on it, it is in Latin generally 
 expressed by the future tense. Phr.: 
 as you w., ut lilx't. Per. Heaut. 4, 4, 16 : 
 / would (sluruld will) that .- velim (0/ 
 things possible), vdlcm {of impossilile) : 
 con-^tr. with siibj. ; Cic. : umuld that, 
 utiiiam {in eai-nesl prayer) : constr. 
 subj. : Cic. ; Liv. : etc. ||. To leave 
 by "■. : 1. lego, I . he w.s a large sum 
 to his wife, uxori grandim picuiii:iin 
 legat.Cic.Clii. tz, n. 2. relinquo.iqui, 
 ctum, ? : to w, money to any one, relin- 
 queie pecuniam aliiui, Quint. ?, II. }?■ 
 
 willinS : 1. voli-ns .- it is a toil 
 to restrain the h\, labor est inhibHre vo- 
 lentes. Ov. M. 2, 128. 2. libens: 
 
 actiitns which were praised before so w. 
 a senate, res quae tam libenti senatu 
 laudarentur, Cic. Att. I. 14. ?. 3. 
 promptus (/orionct/. really): the mind 
 of the Gatils is ready and w. for war, 
 animus (iallorum alacer ac p. est ad 
 bella, Caes. B. G. j, 19. 4. paiatus : 
 which they are w. to do, quod parati 
 sunt facere, Cic. Quint. 2, 8. 5. facilis, 
 e (compliant) : so may you find the gods 
 w. when you pray, sic habeas facllcs in 
 tua vota deos, Ov. H. 16. 280. 
 
 willingly : 1. libenter : that men 
 may hear you w. and eagerly, ut ho- 
 mines te liljentcr studioseque audiant, 
 Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1 2, jq. 2. pronipte : 
 more w., ptoniptius(opp. to cunctanter), 
 Tac H. I, 55 I'hr. : w. a7id ivith all 
 jny heart, lubentissimo corde atque 
 aiiimo, I'l IV. ?, 2, 22. 
 
 willingness : 1. volunUis: greater 
 IV. for preserving the comiivm intaests, 
 major ad connnunes fortunas conser- 
 vandas voluntas, Cic. Qit. 4, 7, 14. 2. 
 facTlltas: kindness and w., comitas et 
 facilitas, id. Mur. ji, 66. 3. studium, 
 favor: T. zeal. Phr.: ivith iv, great 
 w., libonter, libentissime: v. willinolt. 
 willow ; salix, icis,/. ; the pliant tv., 
 lenta salix, ViiR. K. j, 8?. Phr. • a w. 
 stick, siilignus nisiis, Hor. S. 1, 5. 22 : a 
 bed of w.s. saliclum.Cic. Api-. 2, 14. j6. 
 
 wily •' 1. viifer : w. in argument. 
 In disputando v., Cic. Rep. }, 16, 26. 
 2. versfilus: Cic. 3. callidus : 
 10. and cunning men, versuii homines 
 accallidi,Cic. Off. 2. ?, 10. 4. astfitus: 
 cunning, w., deceitful, artful, shrewd, 
 sli/, ver^ulus, a^lutus, fallax, malitlosus, 
 callidus, vafer. Cic. Off. j, i ?, 57: v. 
 c;i:NMNr.. 
 
 wimble: tCrebra: Cato: Plin. 
 win : 1. vinco. vici, victum, j (to 
 n: in compitilion) : the l\omans had not 
 won by valour or in open field, uon vir- 
 
 tnte peque in ai;ie vicisse Ronianoa. 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 9 : that title won in the 
 senate which pi ef erred favmr to truth, 
 vicit in Senatu pars lUa qu.ie vtro gra- 
 tiam praeferebat. Sail. .J. 16 to w. a 
 trial, vincere judlcio, Cic. Kosi. C'lUi. 18, 
 5J : to w. a bet, sponsione v., id. Qumt. 
 27, 84 : to w. a cause, causam v., Ov. tl. 
 16,75. 2. lucror, I : they play at die* 
 with such hitedletsness of ninning or 
 losing that tliey wiU, when all is gone, 
 stali-e their ou-n peistm, aleam cxercent 
 tanta lucrandi perdendive lemeritate, 
 ut, cum omnia d<-fecerunt, de corpore 
 contendant, Tac. G. 24 : who ntumed 
 having won a namr. from, cumiwred 
 Africa, qui domita iiomen ab Africa 
 lucratus rediit, Hor. Od. 4, 8. 19. 3. 
 toUo, sustiili, sublalum, } : he was to w. 
 the whoU. sum, who threw tfie highett 
 throw, tollebal universos denarios qui 
 Venerem jecer.it, SueL Aug. 71. 4. 
 acquire, quisivl. itiim, i : to w. friends, 
 acquirere amicos, .Sail. J. u : v. to get, 
 TO GAIN. 5. con.s6quor, sfculus, } 
 
 (to attain to) : that you may w. the 
 highest honours, ut amplissiiuos honores 
 consequare, Cic. Plane. 5, i?. 6. 
 
 assequor, j : to w. immortality, immor- 
 talltatem assequi, Cic. Plane. 57, 90. 
 7. concilio, I (to make friendly) : 
 legions whicli he was intemting to to. 
 over to himself by money, lesiones quas 
 sibi conciliare pecunia cogitibat, Cic. 
 Fam. 12, 2 J, 2: to w. the heart of the 
 commons, conciliare animos plebis, Liv. 
 I. ?5- 8. allicio, lexi, ledum, j (to 
 entic) : there is nnthing vhidi sows 
 and attracts as do-s similarity of cha- 
 ractei- to friendship, nihil est quod tam 
 alliciat et tam aitrabat quam ad ami- 
 citiam similitudo, Cic Am. 14, 50. 
 Phr.: boasti7ig that he never won more 
 at play, glorians nunquam se prospt-riore 
 alea usum. Suet. Cal. 41. 
 
 wince : P h r. : to 10. v-ith sudden 
 pain, *prae dolore snbilo moverl, com- 
 moveri, motum non supprimere : to 
 stand inithoiit wincing, * stare imraotus, 
 intrepidus : v. to shrink, to start. 
 
 winch : sucilla : Cato. 
 
 wind (subs.) : I. Lit. and Fig.: 
 
 1. ventus : the air flouring to afkX 
 fro makes rv.s, aer etfluens hue et illnc 
 
 ventos efficit. Cic. N. I). 2, 59, loi : the 
 sea is agitated by the violence of the iy.s, 
 mare ventorum vi agitaiur atque tur- 
 batur, Cic. Clu. 49, I j8 : the w. rises, 
 ventus increbrescit, id. Fam. 7, 2o: to 
 run before the w., dare vela vcntis, 
 Nep. Annib. 8 : to sail with a side w., 
 obliquare sinus velorum ad ventum, 
 V^irg. Aen. 5, 16 ; to be ivind-bound, 
 vento teneri, Caes. : the gods have 
 lulled the w.s, Dii stravere ventos. Her. 
 (M. I, 9, 10 : to waste loords on the 
 w.s, ventis verba profnndere, Lucr. 4, 
 9J2 : having got a favourable w., ven- 
 tum nactus secimdum, Caes. B. <i. 4, 2?. 
 
 2, aura (geiUle w., usually): deceit- 
 ful w., fallax aura, Hor. Od. i, 5, II : 
 the canvass rent by the boisterous ws, 
 carbasus perscissa petulantlbus auris, 
 Lucr. 6, III. 3, flainen, inis, n. 
 (blast ; poet.) : like the rising u:s, when 
 they rage in the ivooiis, ceu tlamina 
 prima cum fremunt sllvis, Virg. Aen. 
 10, 97. 4. flatus, us : wlien v-e enjoy 
 a favourable w. of fortune, ice are 
 wafted to our wished-for haven, quum 
 prosfiero flatu fortunae utimur. ad exl- 
 tns pervehimur optiitos, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 19. 
 I'h r. : thcU I long ago p<:rceived and got 
 to. of, id jam pridem sensi et sulx)lebat 
 mlhi. PI. Ps. 1, 5, 7. II. Flat-dency : q. v. 
 
 wind (f) •• V. TO SCENT. 
 
 wind ("•) ■• \. I'o blow {a horn): 
 •comu infiare, sonare : v. to blow, to 
 sound. II. 7b turn, to turn round 
 some object: 1. volvo, vi, iitum, j: 
 to II'. threiui, volvere filum, '/arr. L. L. 
 4. 2? 2. clicunivolvo : a plant that 
 w.s itself not only round briars t>ut 
 round trees, herba mm .-olum sp>nla 
 veruui (tiam arboribiis se clroumvol- 
 vens. Plin. 16, 44, 92. 3. torqueo, 
 
 rsl, turn, 2 • the j/.aie w.s his scaly 
 folds in coiling knots, serpens volubi- 
 949
 
 WIND-UP 
 
 \v I N G 
 
 WINTER 
 
 libus squamosos uexibus orbes torqnet, I 
 Ov. M. J, 41. 4. glomgro, i (to w. ' 
 into a ball) : to v;. wool into balls, g. 
 lanam in orbes, Ov. M. 6, ig. 5. 
 
 siiiuo, I : they 10. in coils tlieir huge 
 backs, sinuant (angues) immensa volu- 
 mine terga, Virg. Aen. 2, 208 : the 
 plain W.S irreyvXarly betireen the river 
 i^isurgis and the hills, campus medius 
 inter Visurgim et, coUes inaequalitxT 
 sinuatur, Tac. A. 2, 16. 6. insinuo, 
 
 1 {to 10. into) : when they had wound 
 tlieir icay into the squadrons of cavalry, 
 quum se inter equitum turnias insi- 
 nuaverunt, Caes. B. G. 4, ij : you must 
 retrojce your steps by the satne path 
 by which you wound your way in, 
 eadem qua tc insinuaveris retro via re- 
 petenda est, Liv. 9, 2. 7. sustollo (to 
 raise by icing up) : a machine iv.s up 
 with slight effort many things of great 
 Weight by pulleys and wheels, multa per 
 trochleas et tympana pondere niagno 
 levi sustollit machina nisu, Lucr. 4, 906. 
 
 wind-up : P h r. : to w.-up one's af- 
 fairs, res domesticas ac familiares in 
 ordinem redigere, of. Auct. Her. j, 9, 
 116: to w.-up a dock, *horologium inten- 
 dere : to ir,-up a speech, orationem con- 
 cludere, absolvere (R. and A.). 
 
 winded : antielans (panting). Ph r. : 
 don't you fee that I am quite w. mth 
 running:' noii videsmeex cursuraanhe- 
 litum eliLim ducere? PI. As. 2, 2, 61. 
 
 windfall: fig.: unexpected profit : 
 *lucruni, lucellum insperatum. 
 
 winding (subs.): sinus, lis, flesus, 
 
 us : V. CDltVE, BEND. 
 
 winding (adj.)-. 1. flexuosus: 
 a XV. vay, fle.xuosum iter, Cic. N. D. 2, 
 57, 144. 2. sinuosus ; Maeander w. 
 in curves, Maeander flexibus sinuosus, 
 Plin. 5, 29, ji. 3. tortuosus : /ram 10. 
 and closed passages fuller sounds come, 
 ex tortuosis locis et inclusis soni re- 
 ferunlur atnpliores, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144. 
 P h r. : the watei-s of Adria washing Cala- 
 bria's w.ing hays, Ireta Adriae curvantis 
 Calabros sinu-s Hur. Od. i, jj. i6- 
 
 -sheet: *iunica fuuebris: *ves- 
 
 timentum funebre : * vestis funebris or 
 feralis. 
 
 windlass : 1. ergata, m. ; Vitr. 
 2. sucula : Cato R. R. 3. troch- 
 leae (pulleys) ; Vitr. : v. crane. 
 
 Windmill: molaventi: Cod. Just. 2, 
 42, 10 i,e Kr.) ; *mola vento versatilis, 
 mola aeria (after mola aquaria, water- 
 mill). 
 
 window : 1. fSnestra (an opening 
 for light and air, closed by shutters): 
 the moon entered the w.s with double 
 shutters, bifores intrabat luna fenestras, 
 Ov. Pont. 3, J, ; : the closed w.s, junctae 
 lenestrae, Hor. Od. i, 2;, i : y. Smith's 
 Ant. p. ;oo. 2. speculare (o w. 
 
 glazed with lapis specularis: v. ibid.): 
 the w.s admit the cUar rays of the sun, 
 specularia puros admittunt soles. Mart. 
 8, 14, }. [Note. — Glass-windoics, fe- 
 nestrae vitreae, are first mentioned by 
 Jerome in the 4th century of our era.] 
 P h r. : to furnish tvith w.s, fenestrare, 
 Plin. : w.-pane, * vitrum fenestrae, spe- 
 culare : V. above. 
 
 frame : * margo llgneus fenes- 
 
 trarum (Kr.). 
 
 -shutters: 1. foricujae: 
 
 Varr. R. R. i, 59, i. 2. luminaria, 
 ium: broad w.-shulters, 1. lata, Cato 
 K. R. 14 : cf. Cic. Att. 15, 26, 4. 
 
 -tax : tributum in singulas fe- 
 nestras impositum, alter Caes. B. C. }, 
 }2 (e Kr.). 
 
 windpipe: 1. aneria aspera: 
 
 the w.,for so the doctors call it, has an 
 opening near the root of the tongue, as- 
 pera arteria, sic enim a medicis appel- 
 latur, ostium habet ad,iunetum linguae 
 radicibus, Cic. N. I). 2, 54, 136. 2. 
 arteriae, arum : the w. becomes rested by 
 silence, arteriae reticendo acquiescunt, 
 Auct. Her. j, 12, 21. 3. ciinalis animae 
 {passage for the breath) ; Plin. 
 
 windward: Phr.: the w. side, 
 pars ad ventum conversa, ubversa (cf. 
 Bpelimca conversa ad Aquilonem. Cic. 
 verr. 4, 48, 107). 
 9,50 
 
 windy: ventosus: a w. day, di' s 
 ventosus, Quint. : w. weather, cael;nii 
 vetitosuni, aer ventosus, Plin. : the u\ 
 Alps, ventosae Alpes : Ov. Am. 2, 16, 19 
 w.fame (fig.), ventosa gloria, Virg. Aen. 
 
 11, 728. Piir. : it is very w. to-dai/, 
 *vebcmens flat, coortus est hodie ventus 
 (Kr.). 
 
 wine : 1. vlnum : red, dark-co- 
 toured w., V. rubrum, atrum, nigrum, 
 Plin. : white, light-coloured it\, v. album, 
 Plin. ; candidum. Pall. : new tv., v. 
 novum, Cic. ; recens, Plin. : ohl ic, 
 V. vetus, Cic. : dry w., v. ansternm, Cels. : 
 sweet w., V. dulce, Cic. : fine w., v. bo- 
 nuni. Sen. ; generosuni, i'lin. : uvak ic, 
 V. nuUarum virium, Cels.; imbecilluni, 
 Plin.: the w. becomes sour, v. accscil. 
 Col.: the w. is sow, v. acet, Cato; it is 
 not every iv. that grows sour by age. uori 
 omiie vinum vetustate coacescit, Cic. Sen. 
 18,65: to wash away cares with siveet 
 tv., dulci mala vino larere, Hor. Od. }, 
 
 12, 2 : on the wines of antiquity, v. 
 Smith's Ant. I20i. Phr.: to drink 
 much w., largiore vino nti, Liv. : Curt. : 
 to drink too much w., vino se obruere, 
 Cic. Deiot. 9, 26 : to drink ve^-y little 
 w., vini esse parcissimum (opp. vini 
 plenus). Suet. Oct. 77 : fond of wine, 
 vinosus, Hor. Ep. I, 19, 6 (all from Kr.) : 
 v.TO DRINK, DRUNK. 2. merum (slieer 
 unmixed w.) : how the slut tipples off 
 the w., ut ingurgilat impura in se nieruni 
 avariter, PI. Cure, i, 2, J5. 3. niustum 
 (neiviv.): he boils down on the fire the 
 juice of the sweet neio w., dulcis musti 
 
 Vulcano decoquit humorem, Virg. G. i, 
 295. 4. temetum (any strong drink ; 
 poet.) : a cask of w. cadus temeti, Hor. 
 Ep. 2, 2, 16}. 5. Bacchus (melon.) : 
 Ut the cups svnm with generous w., 
 madeant generoso pocula Baccho, Tib. 
 }, 6, 5. 6. Liber (melon.) : when 
 truthful w. opens the sea-ets of the lieart, 
 condita cum verax aperit praecordia 
 Liber, Hor. S. 1,4, 89 : / have had my 
 fill of the best of w., me complevi flore 
 "Liberi, PI. Cist, i, 2, 8. 7. vappa 
 
 (flat w.) : accustomed to drink flat w. 
 cm common days, solitus potare vappam 
 profestis diebus, Hor. S. 2, j, 144. 
 
 -bibber : 1. vlnolentus : lest 
 
 he fall, though sober, into the boisterous 
 play of the to^, ne sobrius in violentiam 
 vinolentorum incidat, Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 
 118. 2. vinosus: v. wike. 
 
 — cellar : 1. apotheca (v. 
 
 Smith's Ant. p. 105, for the ancient 
 method of storing wine) : whole w.s, 
 apothecae totae, Cic. Ptjil. 2, 27, 67. 
 2. horreum (store) : you spare to 
 take down from, the w. your amphora, 
 parcis deripere horreo amphoiani, Hor. 
 Od. }, 28, 7. 3, cella vinaria : Plant. 
 Phr. : a wine jar first stoied in the iv. 
 171 TuUus' consulship, amphora fumum 
 blbere instituta consule TuUo, Hor. Od. 
 J, 8, II. 
 
 merchant : vlnarius : the wine 
 
 which J sold yesterday to the w., Tina 
 quae heri vendidi vinario, PI. Asin. 2, 4, 
 
 JO. 
 
 wing (^«''«-) •• I. Lit-: 1. ala: 
 cocks clap their w.s, galli plausu preniunt 
 alas, Enn. in Cic. Uiv. 2, 26, 57 : that 
 they (the bees) may be able to spreati their 
 w.s to the summer sun, ut possint alas 
 pandere ad aestivum solem, Virg. G. 4, 
 27. 2. peiinae, arum (feathers) : 
 
 birds keep their young warm beneath 
 their iv.s, aves pullos pennis fovent, Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 52, 129 : to unfold the w.s, ex- 
 plicare pennas, Ov. Am. 2, ft, 55: bees 
 shake their iv.s, apes pennis coruscant, 
 Virg. G. 4, 7 J. Fig.: those who liad 
 clipped my w.s would not have them 
 grow again, qui mihi pennas inciderant 
 nolunt easdem renasci, Cic Att. 4, 2, 5 : 
 to be <m the w., volare: v. to flv. 
 II, Fig.: (i.) the wing of an army : 
 1. cornu (extremity, w. of an army) : 
 the enemy's line was repulsed on the lejt 
 w., hostium acies a sinistro cornu pulsa 
 est, Caes. B. G. I, 52. 2. ala (prop, the 
 cavalry stationed on the wing): the 
 right w., de.xtera ala, Liv. 27, 2. Ph v. : 
 the cavalry on the w., alarii equites, Liv. 
 
 40. 40. (ii.) the wing of a building: ala: 
 
 Vitr. 6, 4, 28. 
 
 wing (i')-' Phr. : to v. one's way 
 through the air, aerias carpere vias, Ov. 
 A. A. 2, 44. 
 
 winged: 1. alatus: when first he 
 touched the roofs uxith his w. heeli, lit 
 primum alatis tetigit magalia planlis, 
 Virg. Aen. 4, 259. 2. aliger : a w. 
 flock, agnien aligerum, Virg. Aen. 12, 
 249. 3. iilipes, pedis (iving -footed, 
 of Mercuiy) : the w. god, alipes df us, 
 Ov. F. 5, 100. 4. pennatus: those w. 
 hoD'ses which they call pegasi, pennati 
 equi quos pegasos vocant, Plin. 8, 21, }o : 
 the w. Zephyr, ppiinatus Zephyrus, Lucr. 
 5. HI- 6. ptnniger: the class of 
 aiiimals that are w. and tenant the air, 
 genus animantium pennigerum et aeri- 
 um, Cic. Tim. 10. 6. pennipotens 
 (strong of w.) : the w. tribes, pennipo- 
 tentes, Lucr. 5, 789. 7. voliicer (fiy- 
 ing) : some animals that swim nature 
 lias appointed, to dwell in the water, 
 others that are w. to enjoy the free air, 
 alias bestias nantes aquarum incolas esse 
 voluit natura, alias volucres caelo frui 
 libero, Cic. Tusc. 5, ij, j8: more swiftly 
 titan the wind or a tv. arrow, citius vento 
 volucrique sagitta, Virg. Aen. s, 242. 
 
 wink (subs.): 1. nictatio: croco- 
 diles have no tv. (nopotver of tv.ing) on 
 account of their hard eyes, crocodili sine 
 ulla nictatione propter praeduros oculos, 
 Plin. II, .?7, 57. 2. nictus, Gs: you 
 give a sign by a lo., nictu signa remittis, 
 Ov. M. }, 460 (here, as in the other pas- 
 sages of poets where the word occurs, 
 some would read " nulu "). 
 
 wink (v.) : Lit and Fig.: 1. 
 nicto, I (also nictor) : it is natural to 
 most to be continually w.ing, plerisque 
 naturale ut nictare non ce^sent, Plin. 
 II, J 7, 54: and let her not nod, w., 
 or beckon to any man, neque ulli iUa 
 homini nutet, nictet, adnuat, PI. Asin. 
 4. I, J9- 2. conniveo, nivi or nixi 
 2 : the larger birds w. tvith the lower 
 cheek, graviores alitum iuferiore gena 
 connivent, Plin. 11, 57, 57 : this I allow, 
 in some cases I even w. at it, ea ipsa 
 concede, quibusdam in rebus etiam 
 conniveo, Cic. Phil, i, 7, 18. For this 
 sense, to close the eyes at, pretend not to 
 see, may be used.ignosco, indulgeo, prae- 
 termitto : v. to allow, to pardon. 
 winner : victor, superior : v. victor, 
 
 SCCCESSFUL. 
 
 winning: I. Successful in com- 
 petition : V. SUCCESSFUL. II. Able to 
 win over any one: 1. blandus: we 
 wiU try which of us is the more tv., ex- 
 periemur nostrum uter sit blandior, PI. 
 Cas. 2, 3, 58: tv. tvords, blanda verba. 
 Ov. M. 2, 575. 2. suavis, e (sweet in 
 manner) : men are called courteous 
 wlien they are kind, com,plianl,w., comes 
 benigni faciles suaves homines esse dic- 
 untur, Cic. Balb. 16, j6. 3. amoen- 
 
 us (post- Aug. in this sense) : a gentle 
 and tv. disposition, ingenium mite et 
 amoenum, Pac. A. 2. 64. 4. facund- 
 us (w. by tvords) : love made him w., 
 facundum faciebat amor, Ov. M. 6, 469. 
 5. \enustus (w. by brauty. charm- 
 ing) : tnost tv. beauty, forma venustis- 
 sima. Suet. Aug. 79. Phr.: w. conver- 
 sation and manners, sernionum atque 
 morum suavitas, Cic. Am. 18, 66. 
 
 winnow: I. Prop-: 1. ^pn- 
 
 tilo, I : many forbid the com to be w. d 
 in the barns, frumenta in horreis multi 
 veniilare vetant, Plin. 18, ;o, 7J. 2. 
 evanno, } : Varr. ||. Fig.: to sift, 
 examine : excutio, scrutor, perscriitor : 
 V. to examine. 
 winnower: ventilator: CoL 
 winnowing-fan : 1. vannus,/.: 
 the mystic tv. of lacclius. mystica van- 
 nus lacchi, Virg. G. 1, 166. 2. ven- 
 tilabrum ; Col. 
 
 winter (««''»•) •• 1. hlems, gmis./. : 
 to undergo this severity of cold and w., 
 banc vim frigorum hiememque exci- 
 pere, Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42: the depth 
 of to., hicms summa, id. Verr. 4, 40, 86: 
 in the begintting of w., inita hieme, 
 Caes. B. G. j, 7 : befwe the end of tu.
 
 WINTER 
 
 WISELY 
 
 WISH 
 
 ante oxatlara hiemem, ib. 6, i : it there 
 a place where the v^ are miUkrf (st 
 ubi plus tepeaiit hiemes? Hor. Kp. i, lo, 
 15 : a very secere w., gravissima b., 
 Caes. B. C. j, 8. 2. bruma (strictly, 
 '\e w. solstice') : coiild the nun's approacit 
 and loithdrawal be rerognise'l by the 
 summers and wj, posset solis accessus 
 dlscessusque M)lstitiis bi-uniisque cog- 
 nosci, Cic. N. I'. 2, 7, 19: ab^ut which 
 (islands) some have imitten that in w. 
 they kave a continuous night for thirty 
 days, de quibus nonnulli scripserunt 
 dies continues triginta sub bruma esse 
 noctem, Caes. B. G. ;, ij: sluggish w. 
 returns, bruma recurrit iners, Hor. Od. 
 4, 7, 12. Pbr. : 11!. time: biemale tem- 
 pus, CSc. Div. 2, 14, if- annus hibernus, 
 Hor. Kp. 2, 29 : w. dress, bibernae 
 tunicae, PI. Jlil. j, i, 94 : w. months, 
 brumales menses, Plin. : / wish to know 
 where you mean to pass tlte w., cupio 
 scire ubi sis hiematurus, Cic. Fam. 7, 9 : 
 we alUno the furrows to lie idle through 
 the w., sulcos vacuos perhiemare pati- 
 mur. Col. II, }, 4. 
 
 winter (>'.) •■ 1. hiSmo, i : three 
 legions vAich were tv.ing near Aquileia, 
 he leads out Jrom their iv.-quarters, tres 
 legiones, quae circum Aquileiam hiema- 
 bant, ex hibernis educit, Caes. B. G. i, 
 10: let the merchant go to sea and w. 
 in the midst of the waves, naviget ac 
 mediis l)iem>-t luercator in nndis, Hor. 
 Ep. I, 16,71. 2, hiberno, I : tunnie.^ 
 wherever they are detained till the 
 equinox, there u\, thynni ubicunque de- 
 prebensi usque ad aoquinoctiiim, ibi 
 hibernant, Plin. 9, 15, 20 ^ 51 : tlie Car- 
 thaginian was going to w. bettveen the 
 rocks of Formiae and the sands of 
 Litemum, Poenus inter Formiana saxa 
 ac Litemi arenas hiberuaturus erat, Liv. 
 22, 16. 
 
 -quarters : 1. hiberna, orum 
 
 {sc. casira) : he led his army to iv. 
 among the Seqaani, in hlbema in Se- 
 quanos exercitum deduxit, Caes. B. G. 
 
 I, 54 : he gathered provision into the 
 Clatulian camp and there formed his 
 10., pabulum in Claudiana castra con- 
 vexit Ibique hibema aodificavit, Liv. 2 J, 
 48. 2. hiberuaculum (a w. residence) .- 
 these are my w., hoc hibernaculum est, 
 Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 7 ; the w. (!«. tmrracks) 
 of the Carthaginians ivere almost en- 
 tirely of wood, hil)emacula Carthagi- 
 niensiuni lignea forme tola erant, Liv. 
 JO, J: the legions were sent to their w., 
 legiones in h. rcmissae, Tac. A. 2, 2j. 
 
 wintry : 1. biemalis, e : a long and 
 w, voyage, navigatio longa et hiemalis, 
 Cic. Fam. 6, 20, i. 2. hibernus: tlie 
 w. Alps, hibernae Alpes, Hor. S. 2, 5, 41. 
 3. brumalis, e: the earth lies hid be- 
 neat/i w. snow, brumali sub nive terra 
 latet, Ov. I>ont. 4, 5. 4 : w. tvinds. b. 
 venti, Luc. ;, 407. 4. frigidus (cold), 
 nivalis (snowy) ; if definite description 
 be wanted : v. cot.D, snowy. 
 
 wil>e : 1. tergeo, si, sum, 2 : to 
 w. the forehead ivith a handkerchief, 
 frontem sudario tergere. Quint. 6, ?, 60 : 
 to be washed or rubbed or w.d, lavari 
 aut fricari aut tergeri, PI. Poen. i, 2, 10. 
 2. detergeo (to tv. off, tv. clean): to 
 w. the perspiration on his broiv with his 
 arm, sndorem front is brachio d.. Suet. 
 Ner. 54 : lo w. the head with one's 
 mantle, caput pallio d., PI. Cas. 2, j, 
 2 J. 3. ex tergeo : loith which the 
 
 shoes are w.d, qui cxtergentur baxeae, 
 PL Men. 2. ?, 40. 4. abstergeo: to 
 w. the lips, labellum a., PI. Asin. 4, i, 
 52. 5. pertergeo (to i«. thoroughly) : 
 a slave w.d the table ivith a purple 
 cloth, puer gausape purpureo mensani 
 pertersit, Hor. S. 2, 8, 11. 6. sicco, i 
 {to w. dry) : to w. the forehead with a 
 handkerchiif, sudario frontem s., Quint. 
 
 II, }, 148. 7. deleo, ev i, etuni, 2 (to 
 to. or blot out) : to w. out writings with 
 a sponge, delere scripta sjwnpin. Suet. 
 Cal. 20: to to. out their former disgrace, 
 ad delendam priorem Ignominiam, Liv. 
 J9, io. Phr. : to )''. the nose, emungere 
 ■e, Auct. Her. 4, 54. 67. 
 
 wire ; * Ulum metuUicuni (Georg.) : 
 
 brass, iron, tiltxr w., *filum aeneum, 
 f<rreum,arginteiini. Pbr.: todrawii.:, 
 * metallum. in fila ducerc, tenuare : le.- 
 work, w.-netting : perh. * transenria 
 (a grating, a lattice: v. Dr. Smith's 
 Lat. Diet.): / shall cleverly w. this 
 fellow to-day, bunc ego homineni bodie 
 in transennam ductis ducam dolls, PI. 
 Pers. 4, J, II : network of brass iv., reti- 
 culum aeneum, Fest. s. v. s<'cespitam : 
 you dance like a puppet, but amtther 
 j>ulls the u'.s, duceris ut nerris alienis 
 mobile lignum, Hor. S 2, 7, 82. 
 
 wisdom : 1. sapientia (the highest 
 and m(j>t comprehensive word) : w. the 
 mother of nil good things, to express the 
 love of which the (,'reek word philosophy 
 ivas framed, mater omnium bonarum 
 rerum sapientia. a ciijus amore Graeco 
 verbo pbilosophia nonien invenit, Cic. 
 Leg. 1, 22, 58: chief of all virtues is 
 that II-. which the Greelcs call ao<i)ia, 
 the knowledge of things divine and 
 human, princeps omnium virtutum est 
 ilia sapientia, quam Graeci aotj^iav vo- 
 cant, reruni divinarum atque humana- 
 rum scientla, id. Off. i, 4J, 15? : w. which 
 is to be deemed the art of limng, sa- 
 pientia quae Vivendi ars putanda est, 
 id. Fin. i, ij, 42: the first w. is to be 
 rid offolhi, sapientia prima est stultitia 
 caruisse, Hor. Ep. i, i, 41 : I give you such 
 advice as I can with my w., moneo quae 
 possum pro mea s., Ter. Ad. j, }, 7?. 
 
 2. pradentia (jiractical w.) : the w. i 
 wh icit tlie Greeks call <f>p6vq<m is the 
 Icnovledge of what is to be sought and 
 what avoided, p., quam Graeci <t>p6vri<Tiv 
 vocant, est rerum expetendarum fugicn- 
 darumque scientia, Cic. Off. 1, 4J, 15} : 
 political w., civilis p., id. Rep. 2, 25, 46. 
 
 3. consilium (,judgment, vjise pur- 
 pose) : she lacks it), and discretion, con- 
 silio et ratione deficitur, Cic. Clu. 65, 
 184: the greatness of the w. by which 
 all this is done no w. of ours can attain 
 to comprehend, quae quanto consilio ge- 
 raniur nuUo consilio asscqui possumus, 
 id. X. 1 ». 2, ?8, 97 : in plur. .- mix a 
 little folly ivilh your w., misce stultitiam 
 consiliis brevem, Hor. Od. 4, 12, 27. 
 
 4. ratio (reaion, wise system; opp. 
 to headstrong force) ; that Ariovistus 
 had conquered rather by 10. and judg- 
 ment than by valour, Ariovistum 
 niagis ratione ac consilio quam virtute 
 vicisse, Caes. B. G. I, 40. Phr.: toilh 
 IV., great w., sapienter, sapientissime : 
 
 v. WISELT. 
 
 wise (adj.) .- 1. sapiens : M. Buc- 
 ciileias, a man in my judgment no fool, 
 and in his oimi very w., JL Bucculeius, 
 homo neque meo judicio stultus, et su» 
 valde sapiens, Cic. de Or. i, 19, 179: a 
 good and iv. king, rex bonus et sapiens, 
 Id. Kep. 2, 29, 52 : a word to the ii\ is 
 enough, dictum sapient! sat est, PI. Pers. 
 4, 7, 19: he is the lu. man (philosopher) 
 zrlumi ice seek, is est sapiens <iu«m quae- 
 rimus, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, i7. 2. prud- 
 ens : wlu> VMS wiser than P. Octavius, 
 or more sK-illed in law f quis P. Octavio 
 prudentior, jure peritior ? Cic. Clu. j8, 
 107 : the counsels of the w., prudeiitium 
 consilia, id. de Or. i, 9, }6. 3. sciens 
 (knowing, sk-ilful) : the ship that has the 
 wisest pilot, navis quae scientissimo 
 gul)ernatore utitur, Cic. lur. i, J4, 58. 
 4. pHrilViS (skill'-d by experience) : the 
 tvisest geneials, peritisslmi duces, Caes. 
 B. C. }, 7J. P h r. : to be 10., sapere : they 
 are i«. I'ji my opinion, sapiunt mea sen- 
 tentia, Ter. ; are you a tvhit the tviser 
 noiv r num quid nunc es certior.' PI. 
 
 wise (iubs.) : modus, ratio ; v. man- 
 ner, MKTHOD. Pbr.: in no w. teas the 
 magnitude of that ailvnntage comparable 
 to the other disadvantage, nequaquam 
 fuit illius commodi niagnitudo cum eo 
 inconnnndo cuniparanda, Cic. Jnv. 2, 8, 
 26 : that in no w. phases me, id neuti- 
 quam niihi placet, PI. Capt. j, 4, 54: 
 in any w., omnino. sallem : Cic. 
 
 wiseacre : 'sapiens (the irony being 
 made plain by the context); sibi sapiens, 
 ceteris ineptus ; ineptus, insulsus (fool- 
 ish, if undisguised contempt l)e needed). 
 
 wisely : 1. sapienter : how w. our 
 
 kings saw this, quam sapienter reges 
 hoc nostri viderint. Cic. Rep. 2, 17. ji : 
 there is no one who can more w. advise 
 you than yourself, nemo est qui libi 
 s:i|>it-ntius suadere jxjssit le ipso, CIc. 
 Kam. 2, 7. 2. prQdenter: to act w., 
 p. tacere, Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 15. 
 
 wish (subs.): 1. optatio (act of 
 w.iiig) : when .Veplune hail allowed him 
 three w.s, cui quum tres optationef 
 Neptunus dedissoi, Cic. Off. }, 25. 94. 
 
 2. optatum (the thing w.'d) : hav- 
 ing obtained which w., quo optato im 
 petralo, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 94: in aU your 
 affairs fortune has answered to my wj, 
 in omnibus tuis rebus meis optatis for- 
 tuna respondit, id. Fam. 2, l, 2 : txyond 
 my w., pra<'t«-r optatum roeum, id. Pis. 
 20, 46: accoiditig to one's w., optato. Id. 
 Att ij, 28. {. 3. voluntas (will, con- 
 sent) : So tJuil the citizens assented to hit 
 wj, ut ejus voluatatibus cives assen- 
 serint, Cic. Manil. 16, 48: J will comply 
 with your i«., obscquar voluntati tuae, 
 id. Fin. 2, 6, 17. 4. deslderium (long- 
 ing for something absent) : a w. for the 
 city, desiderium urbis, Cic. Fam. 2, 11, 
 I : you will fulfil all niy expectation 
 arul long-cherislied w., expleris omnem 
 exspectationem diuturni desiderii nos- 
 tri, id. de Or. i. 47, 205. 6. 
 votum (prayer) : the w.s of his own 
 avarice, vota cupiditatum suarum, Cic. 
 Verr. ;, 54, 142: having gained a to., 
 votl polens, Ov. JL 8, 80: does one 
 of Attalus' cities occur to you as aw.f 
 au venit in volum Attalicis e.x urbibus 
 una? Hor. Ep. i. 11, ;. Phr.: to fol- 
 low with tme's best w.s, ominibus optimis 
 prosequi, Cia Fam. 4, 1 2, 2 : you have inj, 
 verytjeit w.sforsuccess,(i\\oA Iwnum faui- 
 tuni fell.x fortunatumque sit, Cic: accord- 
 ing to one's w., e.\ sententia, de s., Cic. : 
 nothing was more agieeable to my wj, 
 nihil mihi fuit optatius, Cic. Fam. i, 5. 
 
 wish (v.) : 1, opto, I (to to. for 
 as good ; implying some choice) : that 
 a mail ought lo admire, w. for, or seek 
 nothing except what is honourable and 
 seemly, nihil bomiuem, nisi quod hones- 
 tuni decorumciue sit, aut admirari aut 
 oplare aut expetere oportere, Cic. Fin. 1, 
 20, 66 : Phaelhon w.'d to be takeyi up 
 into the chariot of his father, Phaelhou 
 optavit ut in curruni patris toUeretur, 
 ib. 3, 25, 94: we often w.'d to see this 
 day, hunc videre saepe optabamus diem. 
 Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 29. 2. exopto, I ((o 
 
 w. earnestly) : what the majority of m^i 
 deem best that they chiefiy w. for, quae 
 majori parti pulcherrima videntur ea 
 maxime exoptant, Cic. Off. i, il, 118. 
 
 3. cuplo, ivi or ii, itum, i (ex- 
 presses the attual emotion of w.ing, the 
 impulse of the mind) ; whose aUevipts 
 they did not w. to check, if they could, 
 a7id, if they had xv.'d, coiiid hardly do 
 so, cujus coiiatus illi nee, si possent, re- 
 priraere cuperent, et, si vellent, vix pos- 
 sent, Cic. Mil. 12, J2 : the more you have 
 got the more you w. for, quanto plura 
 parasti tanto plura cupis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 
 148. 4. volo, vOlui, velle: Aelius 
 w.'d to l>e a Stoic, Aelius Stoicus esse 
 voluit, Cic. Brut. 56, 206: / to. yu to 
 ansiver me this, illud volo ut respondeas. 
 Id. Vatln. 7, 18: how I w. ice could 
 have had I'anaelius with us. quam vel- 
 lem Panaeiium nobi.-cuin babereraus, 
 id. Rep. I, 10, i;: you u:for pikes, 
 cohorts, vis pila, lohortes, Juv. 10, 94 ; / 
 and he w. tach other icell. ego huic et 
 mi bic liene volumus, PI. I's. i, j, 4. 
 
 5. desidero, i (to long for): I am 
 neither athirst for honours nor do I w. 
 for glory, nee bonores si tic nee desidero 
 gloriam, Cic. Q. Fr. j, ;, }. 6. prS- 
 cor, I , dep. (to pray for, express a to.) : so 
 to leave your country that one's fellow- 
 citizens may w. for your return, sic ex- 
 ire e patria ut cives redilum precentur, 
 Cic. Pis. 14, 3}- Phr.: objects to be 
 coveted and w.'d for, expetenda atque 
 optabiliu, Cic. dcOr. I, ;i, 221 : this was 
 one of the tilings I w.'d for, hoc erat in 
 votis. Hor. S. 2, 6, I : as you w., at 
 placet, ut libet: v. to will: / w. you 
 joy, gratulor libi, Cic. Fam. 6, 1 2. 
 
 951
 
 WISHING 
 
 WITH 
 
 WITHDRAW 
 
 J. 5J. 
 
 WisMns: optS-tio: Cic de Or 
 105 : V. WISH. 
 
 wisp : 1. mampulus (Jiavdful) : 
 manipuli herbae, w.s of grass, Varr. 
 R. R. I, 49. 2. fasciculus {bundle) : 
 tied up in ws, in f. manuiiles dlliga- 
 tum, Win. 19, i, j. 3. * peniculus (a 
 little brush) : PI.: v. WHiSK. 
 
 wist : V. TO KNOW. 
 
 wistful: *anxius, sollicitus (words 
 usually applied to the mind in I^atin, 
 whereas w. seems to be almost always 
 an epithet of gaze, looks, etc.) : *desiderii 
 plenus, cupidus {longing, eager). P h r. : 
 your eyes loolced wistfvlly around for 
 something, desideravere aliquid oculi 
 tui, Tac. Agr. 45. 
 
 wit : 1. ingPnium (natural power 
 of intellect) : to this first class {of ymid 
 qualities which are inborn) belo'ng t':ach- 
 ableness, memory; and all tliese are 
 tomprised under the <nxename w., pvioris 
 generis (virtutum quae ingenerantur) 
 est docilitas, menioria; quae fere omnia 
 appellanlur uno ingenii nomine, Cic. Fin. 
 5. 1 J. 3& : a man of the most vigorous ic, 
 vir acerrimo ingenio, id. Or. 5, 18: he is 
 of a dull w., hebeti ingenio est, id. Phil. 
 10, 8, I") : o vei7i of w., ingeni vena, Hor. 
 Od. 2, i3, 9 : Ae greatly patronised w.s 
 (men ofw.), ingenia maxime fovit.Suel. 
 Vesp. '18: V. Gi-.Nrus, talknt. 2. 
 
 aciimen (penetration) : he applied hisw., 
 t'> tlie Greek ttntings, admovit acumina 
 chartis. Hor. Ep. 2, 1. ifei. S-.l^pof. 
 oris, m. (elegance) • such rv. in his 
 mirthful talk, tantus in jocando lepos, 
 Cic. de Or. i, ■;, z-j. 4. facetiae, arum 
 (witty, humourous sailings) : J have 
 often seen much done in court bu hu- 
 mour and w., multun) in causis persaepe 
 lepore et facetiis profici vidi, Cic. de Or. 
 2, 54, 219: a::i~ustomed to mock at Ti- 
 berius with bitter w., Tiberium acerbis 
 facetiis irridere soliius, Tac. A. 5, 2. 
 6, sal, salis, m. ( pungent smartness) : 
 p. Seipio surpassed all in pungent w. 
 ■ '. i humour, P. Scipio omnes sale face- 
 tiis/iue superabat, Cic. Brut. 54, 128: 
 the w. of Flautus, Plautini sales, Hor. 
 A. P. 2^1. 6. dicacitas (repartee): 
 
 a sharp and sma7-t sti/le offacetiousness 
 is called w., peracutimi et breve genus 
 facetiaruni dicacitas noininata est, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 54, 218 : Imv w.. scurrilis dica- 
 citas, 2, 60, 244. P li r. : a man of v. -. 
 homo acutus, facetus. etc. : v. wittv : 
 o tmon w. scurra, urbanus scurra : Cic. : 
 PI. : Hor. : have you your w.s about 
 youf satin' sanus es?Ter. Heaut. 4, j, 
 29: t?ie man is out of his w.s. insanit 
 homo, Hor. S. 2, •;, 118 : v. mad. 
 wit: Phr. : to w. : scilicet: v. 
 
 NAMELY. 
 
 witch: (subs.): 1. saga (a wise 
 diviner, enchantress) : old wom^n are 
 called W.S, because they pretend to much 
 wisdom, sagae anus dictae, quia niulta 
 scire volunt (a sagiendo, i. e..sentieiido), 
 Cic. Div. I, ji, 6;. 2. niiga (dealer 
 in magic) : the spells and arts of jc.s, 
 cantus artesque magarura, Ov. M. 7, 
 195. 3. venefica (one who uses 
 
 poisowius drugs): the tpell of a mare 
 cunning w. veneficae scientioris carmen, 
 Hor. Ep. 5, "]! : what say you, old w. ? 
 quid ais, venefica? Ter. Eun. 5, i, 9. 
 
 Witcix (v.) ■■ V. TO BEWITCH. 
 
 witchcraft: 1. niagice, es, ars 
 magica : arts of «■., magicae artes. Virg. 
 Aen. 4, 49J : v. magic. 2. cannina, 
 
 inum. n. pi.' (charms, spells): Circe by 
 w. clianged Ulysses' crew, carminibus 
 Circe socios mutavit Ulixi, Virg. E. 8, 
 "JO 3. cantus, us .■ w. attempts e'en 
 
 to draw down the moon from her car, 
 cantus et e curni liinam deducere ten- 
 tat, Tib. I, 8, 21. 4. vSnef icium : 
 w. and enchantments, veneficia et can- 
 tlones, Cic Brut. 60, 217. 5. eSfas- 
 
 clnatio (bewitching, charming) : why do 
 we oppose w. witii a peculiar prayer t 
 cur effascjnationibus pecoliari adoratione 
 occurrinius ? Plin. 28, 2, 5. 
 
 with: I. By Latin prepositions • 
 
 \, cum (with aU.): (\.) together 
 
 %o., in company w. : I lived w. Fansa, 
 
 vixi n'lT) Pansa, Cic: you sup w. me, 
 
 952 
 
 cenas mecum, Hor. : together w., is fre- 
 quently expressed by una cum : v. toge- 
 ther (li.) furnished w. : he comes w. a 
 lantern, cum laterna advenit, PI. : ships 
 w. provision, nave.? cum commeaiu, Liv. : 
 (iii.) of time: tv. early dawn, cum prima 
 luce, Cic. : (iv.) to indicate circum- 
 stances, accompaniments, manner, etc. : 
 vj. greai loss to the slate, cum magna 
 calamitate civitatis, Cic. : to beseech w. 
 many tears, multis cum lacrimis obse- 
 crare, Caes. : w. the utnwst zeal, cum 
 suiiimo studio, Liv. : (v.) of help, alli- 
 ance, etc. : w. the help of the gods, cum 
 dis juvantibus, Liv. : Romulus allied 
 his kingdom w. that of the -abiiM king, 
 Romulus regnum suum cum >abinorum 
 rege sociavit, Cic. : (vi.) generally, with 
 words denoting intercourse, hostile or 
 friendly; comparison, deliberation: to 
 deal w. any one, agere cum aliquo : to 
 pght w., dimicare cum : to agree w., 
 "consentire c : to compare w., conferre 
 c. : to deliberate w. oneself, or an- 
 other, secum reputare, cum aliquo de- 
 liberare. 2. apud (with ace): ap- 
 
 plied to a person with reference to the 
 place where he is, or to his mind : you 
 shall sup VJ. me (at my place), apud me 
 cenabis, PI.: this is of little avail w. 
 me, haec apud me minimum valent, 
 Cic. : tv. our ancestors (in their time, 
 among them) this was the practice, 
 apud majores nostros haec fectitata, 
 Cic. 3. pgnes (wiih occ): in the 
 power ()/■, resting w. : w. whom is the 
 authority, penes quem est potestas, Cic. : 
 is that harp-girl w. youf istaec penes 
 vos psallria est? Ter. 4. 'n (with 
 
 abl.): where with means in the midst 
 of, and where it implies noturithstand- 
 ing : w. all their great debts they have 
 also greater property, niagno in aere 
 alieno majores etiam possessiones ha- 
 bent, Cic. : w. all your great learning 
 you, will not omit this, in tanta tua doc- 
 trina hoc non praetermittes, id. 5. 
 ex (with o6i.) : in consequ£7ice of : when 
 the comnvmwealth was in a disturbed 
 state w. debt, quum esset ex aere alieno 
 commota civiias, Cic. 6. pro (with 
 abl.) : considering : w. your wisdom you 
 will consider the rest, reliqua tu pro tua 
 prudentia considerabis, Cic. 7. at) 
 
 (with abl.) : after verbs of beginning : / 
 had a mind to begin w. that, ab eo exor- 
 diri volui, Cic. ||, By cases of the 
 
 Latin noun without preposition : 1. 
 Ablative: of the instrument, manner, 
 cause : he killed ftini w. his 0W7i hand, 
 nianu sua occidit, Cic. : to be tomunted 
 w. expecting, angi exspectatioiie, Cic. : he 
 advances w. the longest possible marches, 
 quani maximis itineribus contendit, 
 Caes. : to attend to w. great diligence, 
 magna diligentia curare, PI.: of quali- 
 ties, substance : endoived w. talent, 
 praeditus ingenio, Cic. : woven w. twigs, 
 viminibus iiitextum, Caes. : of contents, 
 fulness : he filled the goblet w. wine, im- 
 plevit mero pateram : a grove thick w. 
 trees, nemus densum arboribus, Ov. : of 
 mixture, junction : he m-ixed hmtey w. 
 Falet-nian ivine.meWA miscebat Falerno, 
 Hor. : dishonesty combined w. crime, 
 improbitas scelere juncta, Cic. (Of the 
 Latin cases the ablative most frequently 
 expresses with : and nnder the above 
 heads most of the various uses of abl. 
 for with might be brought: but it is 
 often optional whether the prep, cum 
 be added, e. g., in mixture, manner • the 
 prose writers rather prefer using the 
 prep., or including nrith in the Latin 
 compound verb; the poets more often 
 omit it : with the instrument, strictly so 
 called, the Latins rarely, if ever, use 
 cum.) 2. Dative: after verbs of 
 
 anger, contention, comparison, mixing ; 
 though the prose writers in the latter 
 cases prefer the abl. with prep. ; there is 
 no reason why I should bis angry w. the 
 young man, adolestenti nihil est quod 
 succenseam, Ter. : Amyntas alone con- 
 tends w. you, solus tibi certat Amyntas, 
 Virg. : to compare great things with 
 small, parvis componere magna, id. : Ae 
 was proud of the honour mingled w. 
 
 his burden, mixtoqne oneri gaudebat 
 honore, Ov. 3. (ienitive : with a 
 
 few adjectives denoiinir abundance: 
 abounding iv. millc, lactis abundans, 
 ^i'g- III. By being included in the 
 Latin verb : to mix fragments w. wine, 
 commiscere frusta mero, Virg. : but 
 most of such compounds with con take 
 the p>-ep. with the abl., or take the dat. : 
 logo w. any one, comitari aliquem : who 
 will find fault with it ? quis id repre- 
 hend'erit ? Cic. : to agree w. any one, 
 assentiri alicui : to have done w. a 
 matter, perfunclus esse re : he goes on w. 
 his villany, persequitur scelus ille suum, 
 Ov. IV. With combined with an 
 
 Eiiglish noun is often turned by a Latin 
 adv.: IV. pleasure, libenter: w. zeal, 
 studiose : or by an adj. : he did this w, 
 pleasure, laetus hoc fecit : or by a par- 
 ticipial construction : w. speed, adhibita 
 celeritate. Phr. : what would you w. 
 mef quid me vis? Ter.: what shall we 
 doiu. the child? quid faciemus puero? 
 Ter. : w. all my heart, ex animo, Ter. . 
 this seems to be the same w. that, hoc idem 
 videtur esse atque id, Cic. : he cam* w. 
 two legions, *venitduas habens legiones : 
 having the wind w. him, ventum nactus 
 secundum, Caes. : / know not what 
 course to take w. that girl, neque quid 
 consilii capiam scio de virgine istac, Ter. : 
 they contend one w. another, inter se 
 contendunt, Cic. 
 
 withal: slmiil: I proved this to Cae- 
 cilius, and w. pointed out the following, 
 demonstravi haec Caecilio, simul et illud 
 ostendi, Cic. Att. 1,1. Phr.: he fed on 
 such meat as was most sn-eet and w. of 
 easiest digestion, utebatur eo cibo qui 
 suavissimus esset et idem laciilimus ad 
 concoquendum, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 64. 
 
 withdraw: A. I'rans. : 1 
 
 abduco, xi, cturo, } : it n-UI be lawful 
 to take an-ay and «•., auferre et abdu- 
 cere licebit, Cic. Quint. 27, 84. 2. 
 deduce : to u: on army from thesepartt, 
 exercitum dtducere ex his rcgionibus, 
 Caes. B. G. i, 44 : used esp. in this mili- 
 tary sense : cf Liv. j2, 27. 3. sub- 
 diico (to w. quietly) : some cohorts nrith- 
 draivn from the right wing he leads 
 round behind the line, cohortes aliquot 
 subductas ex dextro cornu post aciem 
 clrcumducit, Liv. 27, 48: many stones 
 having been withdrau-n from the totver, 
 compluribus lapidibus ex turri subduc- 
 tis, Caes. B. C. 2, 11. 4. abstraho, xi, 
 ctum, J (implies deprivation to some 
 one) : if they could have withdrawn 
 some forces from Lepidus, si quas 
 copias a Lepldo abstraxissent, Cic. Fam. 
 10, 18, J. 5. detraho: they despised 
 the legion for its weakness, now that 
 two cohorts were i«., legionem detractis 
 cohortibus duabus propter paucitatem 
 despiciebant, Caes. B. G. j, 2. 6. 
 remSveo, movi, motum, 2 (to move 
 away) : having withdrau-n the horses 
 out of sight, remotis ex conspectu equis, 
 Caes. B. G. l, 25. 7. surripio, ripui, 
 reptum, } (to steal) : you withdrew 
 yourself from the forum, surripti^isti te 
 de foro, PI. Men. }, 2, 26. 8. averto. 
 ti, sum, } (to turn away, divert) : the 
 terrors of accusation w. the people's 
 thoughts from the hope of suecess. ter- 
 rores accusationis popuU opinionem a 
 spe adipiscendi avertunt, Cic. Miir. 21, 
 4 J : Fompey had withdrawn himself 
 from Caesar's f7-iendship, Pompeins se 
 a Caesaris aniiciiiaaverterat, Caes. B. C. 
 1. 4- 9. av6co. 1 : Soaates appears 
 first to have irith'lrawn philosophijfrom 
 abstruse matte7-s o»!(i biought it into 
 common life, Socrates videtur primus a 
 rebus occultis philosopbiam avocaviase, 
 et ad vitam comnuinem adduxisse, Cic 
 Acad. 1, 4, 1 5. 10. retracto, i (to take 
 back) : there is no cause J or therm to w. 
 their words, nihil est quod dicta retrac- 
 tent, Virg. Aen. 12, 11 : v. to retract. 
 B. lu trans.: |. To retire: 1. 
 cedo, 8si, ssum, j : I will w. and depart, 
 ego cedam atque abibo, Cic. MiL J4, 9}. 
 2, rScedo : the ce-nturions vithilrew 
 from the place wliere they stood, centu- 
 riones ex eo quo stabant loco recesserunt
 
 W I T n t; K 
 
 WITHOUT 
 
 WITNESS 
 
 Caes. B. G. 5. 4J- 3. detrecto, i (fc- 
 
 to from, dadtne) : to tv. from ''"''«f. 
 officia ilelrectare, Quint. II. To 
 
 depart, reii eaJ : se subducere, detraherc 
 rc-movere, surripere, avertere : v. to 
 
 UEFAkT, TO RETREAT. Phr. : tO U-ltU- 
 
 draw frmn the public gazf. con- 
 spectiini huminum vitare, deviuire : n. 
 TO sHnN ■ to v. from contest, deponere 
 conU;titionen), Liv. 4. 6: to if ^rom 
 office, alxiicare se macistratu, Cic. Cat. }, 
 
 6 IS V TO ABDICATE, TO KESIGN. 
 
 'wither- I. Trans.: 1. tor- 
 reo, Hi, tosium, 2 (to parch) : the dogttar 
 W.S the litlis vUh dry thirst, cams 
 arenti torret arva siti, I'ib. I, 4, 42 : to 
 be Wd by the sun's heat, .solis ardore 
 torreri, Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21. 2. ""-o, 
 
 ussi. ustum, « : I'ontus uM by lonstant 
 nld uslus ab ajsiduo frigore I*oiitu», 
 Ov. Tr. }, 2. 8. 3. corrumpo, p«;rdo; 
 
 V TO SPOIL, TO DESTEOV. ||. 1 "" 
 
 trans.: 1. flaccesco, cui, J : eipos- 
 the fennel, when ymi have gathered it. 
 till it w., feiiiculum quiim legt-ns e.\- 
 ponito dum flaccescat, Col. 12, 7, 4- 
 2 marceo, 2: the chaplets were 
 vj ing, marcfbant curonae, Claud. Rapt. 
 Pros. ?, 244. 3. marcesco, j : the beecii 
 and Tarkei/ onk »•. quickly, fagus et 
 cerrus celeiiter marccscunt, Pliii. 16. 40, 
 1.7 4 laiiBuesco, gui, f (to droop, 
 
 grow weaic) ; the vines w, vites laiigues- 
 cunt, Plin. 18. 15.27- 5. vi^o, j: 
 
 a to ing fig-tne. viescens ticus, Lol. 12, 
 15 I. 6 a.viXi>,TU\,l(togr<nvdry): 
 the grass to tr. and die, herbas arescere 
 et iuterfici, Cic. Oecon. in Non. 450. I. 
 7 exaresco : a whole wood w.'d up 
 tTom its very roots, silva oninis exaruit 
 radicibus, Suet. (ialb. i. 
 
 withered : 1. flaccidus : a i«. 
 leaf, flacciduni folium, PIm. 2. mar- 
 cidus: w. lilies, lilia maiciila, Ov. M. 10, 
 192. 3. rugosus (unrinhkd): w. 
 
 theeks, rugosae genae, Ov. Am. i, 8, II2. 
 Phr • to be w. -. marcere : v. To wither. 
 withhold: 1. retineo, ui. ten- 
 
 tum, 2 (to kcp back) : that the pay is 
 imthheld, retiiieri mercedem, PI. Asin. 
 ■> 4 jr 2. supprimo. pressi, pres- 
 siim', i- money which he withheld, ses- 
 tenia quae ille suppressit, Cic. Clu. j6. 
 99. 3. comprimo: they condemned 
 the corndealers Jor w.ing llie corn, fru- 
 mentarius ob annonam compressam 
 damnanint, Liv. }8. J5- 4. cohibeo, 
 ui. Hum, 2 : it ought to shew that the 
 iccuiemicians were icise in w.ing their 
 assent from uncertainties, arguraento 
 esse debet prudenter Academicos a rebus 
 incertis as.sensionem cohibuisse, Cic. 
 N.I). I, I, >. 5. sustineo (to dffer): 
 
 tow. a dangerously easy assent, assensus 
 Inbrlcos suslinere, Cic. Acad. 2, J4. '°8. 
 6. recuso, i (to refuse): I wi^' ''.'• 
 nothing from you on your asking, nihil 
 tibi a me posiulanti recusabo, Cic. de 
 Or. 2, 29, 128. When withholding 
 means' refraining >t may also be ex- 
 pressed thus : / cannot w. assent, appro- 
 batum, non possum quin assentiar, lau- 
 dem ; uon possum non assentiri, lau- 
 dare. 
 
 withholding : 1. "-etenHo : a w. 
 of assent, asseiisionis relentio, Cic. Acad. 
 2, 18, 59. 2. suppressio (in plur.) : his 
 acts of spoliation and w.ing (embez- 
 zlement) of money as judge, praedae ac 
 guppressiones judiciales, Cic. Clu. 25, 68. 
 within iprep-): 1. iutra. with 
 
 ace. (if place, time, and Itmit generally) : 
 w. my walls, intra parictes meos, Cic 
 Att. {, 10, 2: "''10 had received Ario- 
 vistiis w. their borders, qui intra fines 
 <!Uos Ar^ovi^lum recopi^sellt, Caes. B. li. 
 1 }2 : 10. tiientii days, intra vignui dies, 
 p'l. Cure. J, I, ^T : to iHxnqurt w. the law, 
 ppulari intra legem, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 4. 
 
 2 inter, with ace. (during a de- 
 finite' time) : the crimes committed w. 
 'ten years, quae inter decem aiiiios nefane 
 facta sunt, Cic. Verr. Act. 1. «?. J7- 
 
 3 in, with abl.: then keep thi-ir 
 fm-ces'iv. the camp, copias in castns con- 
 tinent, Caes. B. C. I, 66 : w. a few da>is. 
 ID diebus paucis, Ter. And. i, i, •)l. 
 
 4. dfl, with occ. '.cm the hither sidt 
 
 of a boundary): the Germans who 
 dwell w. the Rhine, Ueriiiaiios qui cis 
 Khenum incolunt, Caes. B. G. 2. 5 : w.a 
 few days, cis dies paucos, PI I' rue. 2, i, 
 2-7 (only in Plautu» and late writers 
 ihus). 5. ciira. with occ. : w the 
 moantainranye of lUurus. c. lauri 
 juga. Liv. }8, 48- ^\ic.: hevxisw a 
 iiitU of beiny kitled. baud multum afuil 
 ciuin interficeretur, Liv. 42, 44. 
 
 within (<«iO-- 1. i"i"*^ ^''^ 
 Ihrii had an enemy both without and w.. 
 nuum extra et intus hostem haberent, 
 Caes. B. G. }, 69 : the treachery isw. ; 
 the danger is fhut up iv.. Intus liisldiac 
 sum, intus Inclusum periculum est. 
 Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 11: 's J/o"'' toother w. 7 
 estne frater Intus .' Ter. Ad. 4, 2, Jo : 
 Iheie passions even w. in the mind are 
 at variance, hae cupidltates intus etiam 
 in animis dis.-.ideni, Cic. Kin. 1, U, 44- 
 
 2 intrinsecus (OTi the inside) : to 
 pitch 'vessels iv. and witliout. vasa in- 
 irlnsecus et exterius picare, CoL 12. 4 J- 
 
 3 intra (not Augustan us adv.) ; 
 Col. Plin. 4. intro (into the inside) : 
 he comes w. to us, intro ad nos venit, 
 Ter. Euii. 5, 7. 2: "f' '-ised by good 
 writers except with verbs of motion. 
 Within may often be expressed by Lat. 
 adj • war w. and without (at home ana 
 abroad), internum simul exlemumque 
 bellum. Tac H. 2, 69 : v. inward, 
 
 IXTERNAI.. . „ , .• 
 
 Without (prep.): I. By Latm 
 
 prepositions: 1. extra, with occ. (oii 
 the outside of): faults are committed 
 within and w. the walls of Jhati, lliacos 
 intra mures peccatur et extra. Hor. Kp. 
 I. 2, 16: rather w. (free from) vices 
 than with virtues, niagis extra vitia 
 quam cum virtulibus, Tac. H. 1, 49- 
 2 sine, with abl. (denotes want 
 or absence, whether of good or evil) : w. 
 wings, sine pennis, PI. Asin. i, i, 180; 
 jio« w. great hope, non sine magna spe, 
 I (Jaes B G. i, 44 : w. trouble, sine rao- 
 lestia, Ter. Kun. ?, 4. & : «• <^'^^- ""^ 
 I dubio, Cic. N. D. I, 21, 58- 3. abs- 
 que, with abl. (in comedy and late 
 prose): o whole day iv. sun, absque 
 sole perpetuus dies, PI. Most, j, 2, 18. 
 II. By l^itin negatives: lie Mars 
 ^jntho'ui being prayed to, non vocaius 
 audit, Hor.Od. 2, i3, 40: w. any certain 
 order, nuUo certo ordine, Caes. B. G. 2, 
 II : )jo one can be condemned w. his 
 cause being heard, incognita causa nemo 
 condemnari potest, Cic. Verr. I, 9, 25 : 
 the negative may also be included in 
 the Latin compound adj. or adv.: a 
 man w. wisdom, vir imprudens: he 
 acted w. wisd/nm, fecit imprudenter. 
 III. By Latin adjectives or verbs 
 expressing deprivation : that he might 
 not be w.a share, ne exp<'rs partis esset, 
 Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, J9: the mmd w the 
 body, mens vacans corpore, Cic. N. I). I, 
 10 2; to be tv. blame, carere culpa, 
 ler. Hec. 4. 4. 4t- IV. I" phrases 
 where without represents except, unless, 
 praeler, nisi, quin. extra quara, extra 
 quail) si, ut non, may be used : it would 
 be lawful for them to lay drnvn arms w. 
 they had been coiulemned of a capital 
 charge, liceret ab arinis discedere praeter 
 rerum capitalium damnatis, Sail. C. }6 : 
 he swore that he would not return to. he 
 were victorious, jiiravit se nisi vlcU.rem 
 non reversurum, Caes. B. C. J, 87 : so 
 that I could in no way enfr irtthout 
 their seeing me. ut nuUo modo introire 
 possum quin me vlderent, Ter. Kun. 5, 
 2, 2 : w. theii are unwilling to pensh 
 bv hunger, extra quam si iiolint fame 
 perire, Cic. Inv. 2, 57. '72 : ''« '"'" i"«/<^ 
 being thought a gooii man w. being so, 
 to being one w. being thought so. malet 
 existiniari bonus vIr ut non sit quam 
 esse ut non putetur, id. Fin. 2. 22, 71. 
 
 without ('«'i'^- 1- ^•^^'*- ^'.'' 
 witldn the bodu and w. there are certain 
 (joods, et in corpore et extra esse quae- 
 dam bona, Cic. Kin. 2, 21. 68: a nui 
 has nothing hard ir. (on the outside), 
 nil extra est in nuce duri, Hor. Kp. 2, I. 
 ji. 2 extrlusgcus (often /itwn w.) ; 
 if tkeylrembUd at the ai>pearance from 
 
 w. of tome fomiidahle object, si trem- 
 ereiil objects terrlbili re extnnsecua, 
 Cic. Acad. 2. 15, 48 he has encomi>asted 
 the soul with a body and i Uithed d w., 
 animum clrtnmdedit curp-.re et veslivit 
 extrinsecus, id. Tim. 6. 3. exttrius 
 (sirictly. more on the outside, in compa- 
 rison with things that are more vjithm) : 
 cities lying to., urbes exterius siia.?, Ov. 
 iL 6. 420. 4. fOris (out ofdoort, opp. 
 to ilomi): left within, wailed for w., 
 relictus Intus. exspectatus forUs Cic. Salt 
 5. IT : some fruiU have the toft »u6- 
 stoTice within, the wood w., a* nuts; 
 others the soft substance w., tlie wood 
 within, as plums, aliorum intus corpus 
 et foris lignum, ut niicura ; allis foris 
 corpus, liitus lignum ut prunls. I'lin. 15, 
 28, J4. Phr.: eUher by home resources 
 or succours from w„ vel domestlcls 
 opibus vel extemis auxiliis. Caes. B. C. 
 
 2, 5 : V. OITTWABD, FOKEIGK. 
 
 withstand : 1. rfe^isio. stiti, j : 
 
 when the legions vilhstuod the enemy, 
 quum legiones lioslibus re>i8terent, Caes, 
 B. G. 2. 22 : the wise plans of my consul- 
 ship by which I w. that tribune of the 
 armmans, consilia consiilatus mei qulbus 
 illi tribuno plebis restitissem, Cic. de Or. 
 2. II. 48. 2. resto, stIti. I (rarer than 
 resisto): you, the nuxny, hardly w. the 
 few, paucis plures vix restati=s Liv. 2}, 
 45,/m. 3. obsisto, stiti. j (to stand 
 in the way, implies perhaps less active 
 resistance than does resisto) : who when 
 tlieti attempted to w. and make defence, 
 qui quum obsistere ac defendere con- 
 arentur. Cic. Verr. 4, 4J, 94 : to w. aU 
 his designs, o. omnibus ejus consillis, id. 
 Cat. i, "), 17. 4. obsto, stiti, I : why 
 do you oppose and w. my interests f cur 
 nieis commodis ofliiis atque obslas? 
 Cic. Rose. Am. j8, 112. 5. rfpugno, I 
 (to fight against) : our men at first witli- 
 stood them bravely, nostri primo fortlter 
 repugnare, Caes. B. G. j, 4 : ">« consult 
 neither gave in nor yet vehemently with- 
 stood it, consules iieque concedebant 
 neque valde repugnabaiit. Cic. Fam. I, 
 
 2, 2 : V. TO RESIST, TO OPPOSE. 
 
 withy : vimen, Inis. n. : tlie country- 
 men used to pluck there the low icj and 
 rushes, and tlie marsh-loving s-dge, 
 agrestes illic fruticosa legebant vimina 
 cum juncls gratamque paludibus ulvam, 
 Ov. M. 6, J45. Phr.: coverings made 
 of tv.s, viminea tegumenta, Caes. B. C. 
 }. bj: a bed (^plantation) of ws, viini- 
 netum, Varr. 
 
 witless : amens, stultus. inepttia : 
 
 V. SENSELESS, FOOLISH. 
 
 witness (subs.) .- \. Tfu: person 
 witnessing : 1. testis : t<-ii/i me, at 
 with a good judge.argumenU have more 
 weight than witnesses, apud me, ut apud 
 boiium judicem, argumenU plus valent 
 quam testes, Cic. Rep. I, ?8, 59= ' «"" 
 produce you w.s, dabo tibi testes, ib. i, 
 J7. 58 : to summon w.s, t. citare, id. Verr. 
 2 '59 146 I call you as my »•, U^stem 
 Ut tektor mlhi. PI. Rud. 5. 2. 51 : what 
 you owe. Home, to the yeros, the nver 
 Afetaurus is ic. quid debeas. P-oma. 
 Neronibus testis Metaurum flumen. Hor. 
 Od 4 4 58. 2. auctor (o warrant, 
 voucher): when this from one w. had 
 made its uHiy to many, one passing i( 
 o»i to another, there seemed to be many 
 ws to the fact, hoc ubi uno auctore ad 
 plures pemianaverat, atque alius alli 
 transdiderat. plures auclorea ejus rei 
 videl.antur. Ca.-s. B. C. 2. 29. 3. ar- 
 biter, tri, in. (one who is present to hear 
 or see) : I'omponius rose, and having 
 removed all w.s, bade the young man 
 nme to him. Pomponius snrrexit re- 
 motisque arbitris ad se adolescentem 
 Jussil venire. Cic Off. ?, U. 112. 4. 
 spectaUir (a Ixholder): aw of thecoma 
 test. s|xH;Uitor certaniinis, Uv. i W: 
 
 V EYEWITNK.SS, SPECTATOR. ||. TTj* 
 
 eridenee uiren: testimonium: to beor 
 10. against any one, testimonium in 
 aliquem dicere, Cic Rose. Am. ?6, lol: 
 fcUse w., falsa tesllmonU, PI. Rud. proL 
 I J to deliver by ivay of w., dicere pro 
 tostimonlo. Cic. Rose Am. J«. 101: t. 
 FviDEMCE. Phr. to invoke at »». • 
 Q5J
 
 WITNESS 
 
 WOMAN 
 
 WONDER 
 
 testari, testificari : / invoke all men and i 
 gods as w.s, omnes homines lioosiiiie ] 
 tester, Cic. Caecin. 2q, 8? : he invoked as 
 w.s men, she a goddess, ille homines, haec 
 3st testificata'deam, Ov. H. 20, 160 : to 
 call as w. to a summons, antestari (of 
 the plaintiff when summoning the de- 
 fendant into court : cf. Hor. S. i, 9. l6") : 
 to bear w., testari, testificari : v. to wit- 
 ness. 
 
 witness (''•) •• I. To attest-. 1. 
 tester, I : / confess, you may w., Qui- 
 rites, set your seal thereto, confiteor, 
 testere licet, signate Qiiirites, Ov. Pont. 
 4, 15, II : that the matter might be 
 better w.'d to by tlie eyes of mani/, 
 ut res multorum oculis esset testatior, 
 Cic. Coel. 2'7, 64. 2. attestor, i : 
 
 a sfwrt fable of Aesop w.s this, hoc 
 attestatur brevis Aesopi f'abula, Phaedr. 
 I, 10, J. 3. testlflcor, I : you 
 
 w. what I have at any tim^ said or 
 toritten, testificaris quid dixerim ali- 
 quando aut scripserim, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 
 Jj. The Latin verbs are more used in 
 the general sense to protest, aver ; for 
 the strictly legal sense some phrase 
 with testis, testimonium seems pre- 
 ferred. II, To see, behold, observe: 
 
 V. TO SKR, TO BEHOLD, TO ORSI'.RVE. 
 
 witnessing : 1. testificatio (a 
 
 bearing of ivitness) : if all v. of that 
 fact were removed, si omnis testificatio 
 ejus rei tolleretur, Cic. Verr. 4, 42, 92. 
 2. testatio : Quint. 
 witticism : dicterium (a bon^ inot) -. 
 you utter your w.s mi all, dicteria 
 dicis in omnes. Mart. 6, 44, j : there seems 
 to be no other Lalin sulistantive in the 
 singular for a witticism ; for the plural 
 use facetiae, sales, joci : v. wrr, wag- 
 G ERT. P h r. : a good w. ! facete dic- 
 tum ! PI. Capt. I, 2, 7J: the .Sicilians 
 are never so hard put to it as not to 
 have some w. a propos, nunquam tam 
 male est Siculis quin aliquid facete et 
 commode dicant, Cic. Verr. 4, 4J, 9?. 
 wittily; 1. facete: to laugh at 
 the Stoics w. and neatly, facete et ur- 
 bane Stoicos ridere, Cic. Kin. i, 11, jg. 
 2. lepide: he jested u\, lepide lusit, 
 id. de Or. 3, 4J, 171. 3. salse ; to 
 
 say something m., dicere aliquid salse, 
 id. de Or. 2. 68, 275. 4. urbane; 
 
 being w. attacked, urbane vexatus, id. 
 Q. Fr. 2, I, }. 5. festive: to defeat 
 an argument w., festive argumentum 
 dissolvere, id. Div. 7, i;, 55. For the 
 distinctions of sense, v. wit, wittt. 
 
 witty : 1. facetus (of elegant 
 
 wit) : pleasant and w., and of a merry 
 style of conversation, dulcis et facetus 
 festivique sermoni-s, Cic. Off. i, jo, 108. 
 2. lepidus : we know how to dis- 
 tinguish an inelegant saying from a 
 w. one, scimus iiuirbanum lepido se- 
 ponere dicto, Hor. A. 1*. 27 J. 3. 
 
 urbanus (of refined town polish; op- 
 posed to rusticus) : this man you think 
 pleasant, w., and frank, hie tibi comis 
 et urbanus liberque videtur, Hor. S. i, 
 4i 9°- 4. salsus (sharp, pungently 
 
 vntty) : to be ever so Jdcetious and w. is 
 not a thing of itself so overmuch to be 
 coveted, esse quamvis facetum atque 
 salsum non nimis est per se ipsum in- 
 videndum, Cic. de Or. 2, 56, 228 : many 
 laughable and w. sdi/ings of the Greeks, 
 ridicula et salsa multa Graecorum, ib. 2, 
 54, 217. 5. dicax (smart in attack or 
 repartee) : a charmmg, w., and elegant 
 fellow, homo venustus et dicax et ur- 
 banus, Cat. 22, 2 : w. at your expense, 
 dicax in te, Cic. Phil. 2, ji, 78. 6. 
 ingeniosus (of natural parts, wit, in the 
 older sense of the word) : a man ir. 
 and learned, vir ingeniosus et eniditus, 
 Cic. Att. 14, 20. 
 
 wizard : 1. magus : what witch. 
 
 what UK, by Thessalian drugs, will be 
 able to loose you f quae saga, quis te sol- 
 vere Thessalis magna venenis poterit? 
 Hor. Od. t, 27, 22. 2. veneflcus (one 
 wtio uses poisonous drugs) : what >;'. in 
 the whole III' Italy, quis in tola Italia 
 veneficus, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 7. 
 
 wizened : 1. rfitorrtdus : a w. 
 forehead, ••etorrida frons, Col. : a w. 
 954 
 
 mouse, retorridus nius, Phaedr. 4, i, 27. 
 
 2. * contractus (draivn, shrivelled), 
 
 rugosus (wrinkled), tenuis (thin, small). 
 
 WOad : 1. vitmra : all the Britons 
 dye themselves wilh w., which produces 
 a blue lolour, onmes Britanni se vitro 
 inficiunl, quod caerulcum eflicit co- 
 loreni, t'aes. B. G. 5, 14. 2. g'^s- 
 
 tuni : Plin. 22, 1,2, 3. * isatis 
 
 tinctoria : Linn. 
 
 woe ; dolor, luctus, aerumna, cala- 
 mitas : V. GRIEF, sorrow. Phr. ; w. is 
 me ' vae mihi, vae mihi misero, PI. : 
 Ter. : w. to the vanquislied, vae victis, 
 Liv. 5, 48. 
 
 woeful : 1. tristis, e : / never saw 
 you more w., nunquam ego te tristiorem 
 vidi esse, PI. Cist. 1, i, 5; : a «'. coun- 
 tenance, vultus tristis, PI. Most, j, 2, 
 124: IV. wars, tristia bella, Hor. A. P. 
 7;. 2. niaestus: why do I see you so 
 IV. and sad f quid vos maestos esse tam 
 tristesque conspicor? PI. Bac. 4, 4. 18: 
 tvith IV. and disturbed looks, maesto et 
 conturbato vultu, Auct. Her. j, 15, 27. 
 3, miserabilis. e (i/tocinp^ii//) .• aw. 
 sight, miserabilis aspectu.s Cic. Phil. 2, 
 29. 7 J. 4. fiebilis, e (lamentable) : set 
 befirre your eyes that pitiable and w. 
 sight, ponite ante oculos miseram illam 
 et flebilem speciem, Cic. Phil. 11, }, 7. 
 
 5. luctuosus (fraught with sor- 
 roic) : wretched and w. times, misera 
 tempora et luctuosa, Cic. Fam. 5, 14. 
 
 6. aerumnosus (of persons loaded 
 with grief) : unhappy and w., infelix et 
 aerumnosus, Cic. Verr. 5, 62, 162 : v. 
 
 SAD, PITIABLE, GRIEVOUS. 
 
 woefully : I. misere : it is w. 
 
 writtm, Pseudolus ! I's. o most w. ! 
 misere scriptum, P.seudole ! Ps. miser- 
 rime ! PI. Ps. I, I, 72. 2. flebillter: 
 to lament w., flebillter lanientari, Cic. 
 Tusc. 2, 21, 49. 3. triste (poet.) : 
 why weep you more w. than captive 
 Andromache? quid fles captiva tristius 
 AndroMiacha? Prop. 2, 20, 2; v. sou- 
 
 ROWFUI.LV, MISERABLY, PITEOUSLT. 
 
 wolf: 1. liipus : the lioness fol- 
 
 lows the w., the w. the goat, leaena lupum 
 sequitur, lupus ipse capellam, Virg. E. 
 2, 6}. 2. lupa (she-wolf) : a gray 
 
 she-w. running doivn from the Laniivian 
 lands, ab agro rava decurrens lupa Lanu- 
 vino, Hor. Od. j, 27, j. Phr. : the tiats 
 of a ii\ : lupina ubera, Cic. Cat. j, 8, 19. 
 
 wolfs-bane : "■ plant .- aconltum ; 
 nor do hapless gatherers pluck wolfs- 
 bane unawares, nee miseros fallunt 
 aconita legenles, Virg. G. 2, 152 : used 
 also by Pliny : perh. the Latin word in- 
 cludes more than one species : *aconitum 
 napellus, Bot. : v. Smith's Lat. l)ict. : 
 aconitum. 
 
 claw '. *lycopus or lycopodium 
 
 clavatum : Bot. 
 
 -milk ; a plant with a milk-like 
 
 sap: titbymalus: Plin.: * euphorbia, 
 Linn. 
 
 woman ; 1. mulier, 6ris (used 
 
 both of married and unmarried ; but 
 esp. a groivn w., not a girl): all w. 
 because of the weakness of their mind 
 our ancestors would have under guar- 
 dians, mulieres omnes propter inflrmi- 
 tatem consilii majores in tutoruin potes- 
 tate esse volnfrunt, Cic. Mur. 12, 27 : a 
 chaste w. (wije), pudica m., Hor. Epod. 
 2, J9. 2. femina (refers esp. to 
 
 sex ; opp. to vir) : how Sithon ivas 
 doubtful in sex. now man, now iv., ut 
 ambiguus fiierit modo vir, modo femina 
 Sithon, Ov. M. 4, 280. 3. puella (a 
 young w.): young w. already married, 
 puellae jam virum expertae, Hor. Od. 
 J, 14. 10. 4. virgo, inis (maiden, 
 
 young unmarried n:) : ah! hapless w., 
 ah ! virgo infelix, Virg. E. 6, 47. 5. 
 juvenis (young w.) : Cornelia is a young 
 w., Cornelia juvenis est, Plin. 7, j6, j6. 
 6. anus, lis (an old vx) : ivhat old 
 IV. is so crazy as to fear that? quae est 
 anus lam delira quae ista timeat ? Cic. 
 Tusc. I, 21, 48. 7. vetiila (implying 
 contempt generally) : all your friends, 
 Fabulla, are either old w. or ugly, 
 omnes aut vetnlas habes amicas, aut 
 turpes, Fabulla, Mart. 8. 79, i. Phr.. 
 
 belonging to a w. : 1, muliebris ; 
 
 the voice of a w., vox muliebris. Cic. 
 de Or. ;, 11, 41- ths rights of no- 
 men, mnliebria jura, Liv. J4. ; . in ic'a 
 fashion, tnuliebiiter, Hor Od. i, 57, 
 22. 2. f emineus (mostly poetical ; 
 
 and with esp. reference to sex, a> opp. to 
 male) : the sex of tc, femirjea sors, Ov. 
 IL 6, 680 : love for a w,, lemineus amor, 
 id. Am. }. 2, 40. 
 
 womanish : 1. muliebris a w. 
 
 and weak sentiment, muliebris eiierva- 
 taquc sententia, Cic. I'usc. 2, 6, i;. 2. 
 femineus : she vas injlamed uitk a w. 
 lore of booty and spoil, femineo praedae 
 et spoliorum ardebat amore, Virg. .4.en. 
 11,782. 3. effeminalus (effeminate): 
 that there be nothing »'. or soft, iie quid 
 effeminatum aut molle sit, Cic. Off. 1, 
 i5. ' 29 
 
 womanisMy: muliebriter: if he 
 give iiimself up w. towailings and tears, 
 si se lamentis muliebriter lacrimisque 
 dedet, Cic. I'usc. 2, 21, 48. 
 
 womanly: muliebris: IV. beauty. 
 muliebris venustas, Cic. Off. 1, ?6, 1 jo. 
 
 womb : 1. iiterus : Hor. Od. j, 
 22, 2. 2. venter, tris, m. (tlie belly) : 
 she pays for Vie killing of men when 
 yet in Vie w., homines in ventre nec- 
 andos conducit, -Juv. 6. 596. 3. 
 
 alvus, /. : to carry in the lu., in alvo 
 gestare. Pi. Stich. 2, I, 5. 
 
 wonder (subs.): |, Astonish- 
 
 ment : 1. miratio ; to excite iv,, 
 
 mirationem facere, Cic. Div. 2, 22, 49. 
 2. admiratio (more used than 
 miratio: Ixith most frequently ex- 
 press 10. at something grand and ad- 
 mirable) : to feel tv., admiratione affici, 
 Cic. Off. 2, 10, 57 : a^tou7ided with w., ad- 
 miratione ob^tupefactl, id. Deiot. 12, 54: 
 u'. at a JUient and ji-ise speaker, adm. 
 copiose Siipienteique dicentis, id. Off. 2, 
 14 : the consul was seized with w. that they 
 did not begin the light, consulem adm. 
 incessit quod non pugnam inirent, Liv. 
 7. J4. 3. stiipor (blank amazement) : 
 when all the others were rooted to the 
 spot in w. and silence, quura stupor 
 silentiumque ceteros defi.Kisset, Liv. 6, 
 
 40 : V. A.SrON;SHMENT, AMAZEMENT. 
 
 II, The thing wondered at, a prodigy, 
 a miracle. 1, miraculum . the por- 
 tents and w.s of dreaming philosophers, 
 portenta et miracula philosophorum 
 somniantium, Cic. N. D. i, 8, 18: the 
 seven w.s if the world, *septem miracula 
 mundi : v. miracle, peodigt. 2. 
 
 mirum : you tell of great w.s, nimia 
 mira memoras, PI. Am. 5, i, 5;. Phr.: 
 a w. (of a person), homo mirificus, Cic. 
 Att. 4, II, 2: when lost in ic. I ivas 
 gazing on this, haec cum intuerer stu- 
 pens, Cic. Rep. 6. 18, 18: ivhat w. is it if 
 old men are at times weak? quid mirum 
 in senibus si intirmi sunt aliquando? 
 Cic. de Sen. 11, J5: no wmider: non 
 mirum est, non est quod miremur, Cic. : 
 also by quippe, scilicet, nempe ; no 
 IV. for he was a kindly man, quippe 
 benignus erat, Hor. S. i, 2, 4 (e Kr.). 
 
 wonder (".) •• 1. miror, i, dep. : i 
 cannot sufficiently w. at the carelessness 
 of the man, mirari satis hominis negligen- 
 tiam non queo, Cic. Att. 10, 5, i : if any 
 erne vj.s that J come here to accuse, si 
 quis miratur me ad accusandum descen- 
 dere, id. Div. in Caec. 1,1: do you w. at 
 the son's taking after the father? idne 
 tu miraris si patrissat filius ? PI. Ps. i. 
 5. 27- 2. admiror : / tv.'d at the 
 
 shortness of your letter, admiratus sum 
 brevitatem epistolae, Cic. Att 6, 9: / 
 w. how he escaped, admiror quo pacto 
 fngerit, Hor. S i, 4, 99: / w. that they 
 are not contented in serious matters with 
 their native tongue, admiror cur In gra- 
 vissimis rebus non delectet eos patrins 
 sermo, Cic. Kin. 1, 2, 4. 3. demiror 
 
 (to w. greatly) : that yon in your folly 
 desired this, I w. not, that you hoped in 
 my consulship to gain it, 1 do greatly w., 
 haec ego vos concupiisse pro vestra stnl- 
 titia non miror, sperasse me consuie 
 a-ssequi posse demiror, Cic. Agr. 2, j6 
 1 00 : / w. who knows, demiror qui sciat, 
 PI. Am. 2, 2, lii.
 
 WONDERFUL, 
 
 WOOER 
 
 W O K 1> 
 
 wonderful : 1. mirus (strange, sur- 
 fri.<itig, in any way) : / uiii passesfed 
 with a ti: lonyiny for the city, niirum 
 ;iie ilcsiileriuni tenet urbis. C'Ic. Kani. 2, 
 II : the minds < if all tiete changed in a 
 xo. manner, niiruni in ninduni convcrsae 
 sunt omnium nientts, Caes. B. G. t, 41. 
 2, niirubiiis, e: unex/jfcted arid w., 
 inopinatum ac mirabile. Cic. I'arad. 5, I, 
 J5 : ii\ to tell, mirabile dictu, Virg. G. 2, 
 ?o. 3. mirandiis : su7ik to a "\ depth, 
 minuidam in allitudiuera depressuni, 
 Cic. Verr. ;, 27, 68. 4. adniiiabilis. e 
 (esp. admirable) : a w. orator, adm. in 
 dicendo vir, Cic. do Or. i, 2, 6: lliese 
 things they call paratloxieal , I'e «'., 
 haec napdEo^a illl, nos adniirabilia dici- 
 mus, Cic. Kin. 4, 2'7, 74. 5. adniiran- 
 dus : things to l>e hioked up to and iv., 
 suspicienda et admiranda, Cic. Div. 2, 
 72, 148: "'. sights, though of snudl 
 things, admiranda spectacula levium 
 rerum, Virp. G. 4, j. 6. mirificus 
 {surprising in i-il'ccl) : a toiver of great 
 height and ir. amsti mtion, turris magna 
 altitudine niirificis o|ieribus exstnicta, 
 Caes. B.C. J, 112. 7. permirus (weri/ 
 u).) : it seems tome very »•. that there is 
 any one, mihi permiruni videtur quem- 
 quam exstare, Cic. Div. 2, 47, 99. 
 Phr. : to be w., esse miraculo, Li v. 
 25, 8 : he changes himself into all kirids 
 of w. shapes, omnia transformat sese in 
 miracula rerum, Virg. G. 4, .^41. 
 
 wonderfully : 1. mire : the 
 
 municipal towns are iv. partial to the 
 Imy, puero municipia m. favent, Cic. Att. 
 16, II, 6. 2. miriibiliter: to rejoice 
 w., m. laetan, Cic. Fam. 11, 14. 3- 
 mirifU*: to be w. delighted, m.delectari, 
 Cic. Acad. 2, 2, 4. 4. admirabiliter : 
 to speak too w. and too grandly, nimis 
 adm. nimisque niagiiifice dicere, Cic. 
 Tusc. 4, 16, }6. 1' li r. : to hate w., miris 
 modis odisse, Ter. Hec. i, 2, 104: that 
 tvas It', serviceable tmvard the harmony 
 of the state, id mirum quantum profuit 
 ad concordiani civitatis, Kiv. 2, i : our 
 Cnaeus has proved ic. covetous of a regal 
 power like that of Sulla, mirandum in 
 modum Cn;ieiis noster similitudincm 
 Sullani regiii concupivit, Cic. Att. 9,7, }. 
 
 WOnderfulnesS : admiraljilltas : 
 how great is the w. of the things of 
 heaven and earth, tpianta sit adniiia- 
 biliUis caelestium rerum atque terres- 
 trium. Cic. N. D. 2, }6, 90. 
 
 wondrous : v. wondkrful. 
 
 wont (subs.): 1. mos, moris, Jii. : 
 Cic. 2. amsuetiido, inis,/. : against 
 v. and custom, contra niorem consuetudi- 
 nemque, Cic. Off. i, 41, 148: v. custom. 
 Phr. : my eyes see furthrr than is their 
 «,'., longius assueto luminano^tra vident, 
 Ov. H. 6, 72 : joyful beyond tlieir w., 
 praeter solitum laeti, Virg. G. i, 412. 
 
 wont (<wi;.): suetus, assucui.s: v. 
 ACCUsrOMEU. Phr.: to be »•. ; solere, 
 assolere, consuevisse, assuevi.sse : v. to 
 ACCUSTOM. / am w. so to do, ita fert 
 mea consuetudo, Cic. ; as I am w. to do, 
 ut mbus est mos, Hor. 
 
 wonted : 1. assuetus : C is pleas- 
 ing to spend time in o^ie'': w. art, tem- 
 pus assueta ponere in arte juvat, CJv. 
 Pout. I, 5, j6. 2. consuetus: I'roteus 
 seeking his w. caves, Proteus consueta 
 petens antra, Virg. G. 4, 429. 3. 
 sfilitus : the countryman will go to his 
 w. task, ad wlitura rustlcus ibit opus, 
 Ov. Fast. 4, 168: V ou.sroMAuy. 
 
 woe: 1. pSto, Ivi and ii, Hum, ,: 
 many u'.'d her, she scorned her wooers, 
 multi illam petitro, ilia aversaUi petcntcs, 
 Ov. M. I, 478. 2. colo, ui, culmm, } 
 (to court with ambitious views') : that he 
 might w. her more effectively, quo effica- 
 cius coleret. Suet. Oth. 2. 3. capto, 
 I • to to. maidens, captar^' pucllas, Ov. 
 A. A. I, 40;. 4. »nio, I (to love) : (/' 
 anyone l,-i}ows not the aU <f w.ing,i\ 
 quis artem non novlt amandi, Ov. A. A. 
 1. I. 5. ambio, ivi and ii, itum, 4 (to 
 court the favour of) -. thee the }x»>r man 
 w.s irith constant prayer, te paujx'r am- 
 bit sollicila proce, Hor. Od i, j;, ?. 
 
 wood : !. '/'''« substance, timber : 
 1, lignum : the trunK- of a fig-tree. 
 
 useless w., tnincus ficuhius, inutile lig- 
 num. Hor. S. I, 8, I: in pi. of small 
 iticl.s, eSD. firewood: he ordered a fire 
 to be uutde with green and moist w., 
 ignem e.\ lisnls viridihus atque liumidis 
 tieri jussit, Cic. Verr. i, 17. 2. nia- 
 teria {large solid vj., tinibir) : between 
 the bark and the w., inter librnm et 
 materiam. Col. : ail lu., whether if culti- 
 vated or wild trees, we use partly for 
 warming the body, jtartly for building, 
 onuii maU'rIa et culta et sllvestri partim 
 ad Ciilefacieiulum corpus utimur, partim 
 ad aediticandum, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 1 5 1. 
 P li r. the sulistanee of w., llgnea ma- 
 teria, Cic Inv. 2, 57, "170: V. W<XlDKN. 
 II. '''f }>late where trees are : 1. 
 silva: fire would destroy the ivs, ignes 
 conticerent silvas I>ucr. 1,905: ccusar 
 ditermined to cut down the w.s, Caesar 
 silva.s caedere Instituit, Caes. B. G. i, 29. 
 2. nenius. Oris, n. (a wood iHth 
 glades and pasture) : w.s and forests, 
 nemora silvaeque, Cic. Div. i, 50: a w. 
 Uiick with trees, nemus densum arbori- 
 bus, Ov. F. 6, 9. 3. liicus (strictly, 
 o sacred w. or grove): tlie w.s which 
 India bears, quos gerit India lucos, Virg. 
 G. 2, 122. 4. saltuB, us (a lo.'d glen, 
 valley, a foreM-pasture) : so that he 
 hun-ieil out of his hiding-places, arui 
 forests or w.s, ut ille latebris ac silvis 
 aut sallibus se eriperet, Caes. B. G. 6, 
 4 { : /e< them feed in the open w.s, salti- 
 bus in vacuis pascant, Virg. G. j, 14?. 
 Fig.: to get one safe out of the w. (of 
 danger), ex saltu damui elicere foras, 
 PI. Men. 5, 6, jo. 
 
 woodcock: scolopax: Nemes.: *sc6- 
 lopax ruslicola: Linn. 
 
 wooded: silvestris, silvosus, nemor- 
 osus, saltuosus : v. wof>nY. 
 
 wooden: 1. ligneus aw. bridge, 
 
 ligneus poiiticulus, Cic. I'a^c ;, 20. 
 
 2. ligncoliis (of small objects) : a 
 
 w. candlestick, I. lychnucliu.s, Cic. Q. Fr. 
 
 '■ '^■'- ■ , J- 
 
 wood-engraving : 'ars scalpendi 
 
 lignum. 
 
 woodlan J • silvae, nemora, saltus : 
 V. wiioi). I'lir. : IV. glades, nemorum 
 saltus, Virg. i;. 6, ;6 : the iw. Faun, silvi- 
 cola Faunus, Virg. Aon. 10, 551 : w. deer, 
 w. boar, cerva silvicullrix, aper nemori- 
 vagus. Cat. 6?, 72: iv. caves, silvestria 
 antra, Ov. M. ij, 47. 
 
 louse: 1. Oniscus: Plin. 
 
 2. muliiiieda (also millepcda, cen- 
 ttpeda) : Plin. 
 
 man : 1. lignator (nn/> who 
 
 cuts wood for an army) : the iv. being 
 oi'erpoi«eir(i,oppressis lignatoi ibus, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 26. 2. *q'ii ligna caedit 
 
 (lignicida not used, as Varro saj's, L. L. 
 8, I J, 119"). 
 
 -nymph : 1. Rryas, adis 
 
 (tree-nymph) : trip it hithtr ye Fauns 
 and maiden w.s, ierte simul Faunique 
 pedem, Dryadesque puellae, Virg. G. i, 
 II : in sing, rare : oj'en has a rustic jy. 
 lurked under this leaf, saepe sub liac 
 latuit rustica fronde Uryas, jVIart. 9, 62, 
 14. 2. Hamadryas, adis (mostly in 
 pi. : nymphs inseparable from their 
 trees) : the sister w.s, Haniadryades sor- 
 ores, Prop. 2, 2!, 9;. 
 
 -pecker : picus : there are too 
 
 small birtls with crooked claws, as the 
 iv.s, of great moment in augury, sunt et 
 parviie avos unc(jruni unguium, ut pici, 
 in auspicatu nuigni, Plin. 10, 18, 20. 
 
 pigeon ; palumlies, is, m. and 
 
 f. : the hoarse w.s, raucae palumbes, 
 "Virg. K. 1, 58. 
 
 woody: I. full of w. fibres : \ig- 
 nosus: a w. fruit, lignosus fructus, Plin. 
 24, 9, 42. II. Abounding in trees: 
 1. silvestris, e: a ip. j)^(ce, silvestris 
 locus. Cic. Am. 19, 68. 2. silvosus- 
 jt) gle)is, silvosi saltus, I.iv. 9, 2. 3. 
 ngtnfirosus: w. Zacynthus, nemorosa 
 Zacynthus, Virg. Aen. j, 270. 4, 
 
 saltuosus (full of wooii or w.'d defiles) : 
 loca saltuosa, Sail. J. ?8. 
 
 wooer : 1. priicus : Penelope cruel 
 to her n'.s, Penelope difficilis procis, 
 Hor. Od. ;, 10, II; shamel.ess w.s (fig.). 
 inipudentPS pnxi, Cic. Bnit. 96. Jjo. 
 
 2. aniator (toocr) : lie wno had bmi 
 a friewi lierjime a w., qui Tuerat cultor 
 Tactus amal'tr eral, Ov. A. A. i, 721 
 3. ainfuius (a suyetlieart) : PL 
 Gell. 
 
 woof : 1. trama (tlie cross thread*, 
 opp. to sl<imHn : but Sen. Ep. 90, seems 
 to disiiii;;iii»li it from siibiemeii). Fig. : 
 a lenajUous w. (or welt), tz-nax trama. 
 Plin. II. 24, 28. 2. subtciin-ii. Tnis. >i.: 
 tlte w. is inserted between Ijy the sharp 
 shuttles, ins<Titur medium radiis >ub- 
 temen acutis, Ov. M. 6, 56 : v. Smith's 
 I>lct, Ant. TKi.A, p. 941. 
 
 wool: 1. liina: you come to me 
 with your distaff and ui., ad me venis 
 cum tua colu et lana. Cic. de Or. 2. 68, 
 277 : to card w., lanam carere, PI. Men. 
 5. 2, 46: to spin w., I. ducere. Ov. M. 4, 
 J4 : to dye w., 1. lingere, ib. 6, 9 to 
 vxirk in w., I. facere, ib. 6, Ji : w. slioni 
 near Luceria, laiiae tonsae prope Lucer- 
 iam, Hor. Od. j, 15, 1} : thin fle--cy cloiuU 
 like w., tenula vellera lanae, Virg. G. I, 
 J97. 2. liinugo, Inis, /. (wooUinest, 
 down) : hair soft as w., comae lannginis 
 instar, Ov. Am. i, 14. l}. Phr. :a 
 worker in w., lanarius, PI. .\m\. j, 5, 14. 
 w.-bearing trees, lanifirae arbores, Pllu.: 
 muck cry and little w., "vox et praeterea 
 nihil. 
 
 woollen ; liineus : a w. cloak, lane- 
 urn pallium, Cic. N'. D. }, J4, 8t : aw. 
 waistcoat, thorax laneus, Sueu Aug. 82. 
 
 -draper : lanarius (prop, a 
 
 worker in wool): Inscr. 
 
 woolly : 1. laneus : pears icith a 
 w. skin, pira corio laneo. Plin. 1;. 15. 16. 
 
 2, lanjitus (covered with wool) : 
 w. sheep, lanatae oves. Col. : /'•. a}>plet 
 (with a downy skin), lanala mala, Plin. 
 
 3. laniger (wool-bearing : poet.) : 
 the w. flocks, lanigerae greges, Virg. G. 
 }. 287. 
 
 wool-working : lanincus : a 10. 
 hand, lanitica manus, Tib. 2, i, 10. 
 
 word : I. -^ xvord, spoken m 
 
 written : 1. verbum (the most ge- 
 neral term, of words, spoken or written) : 
 a II . once uttered flies away past recal, 
 semel emissum volat Irrevocabile ver- 
 bum, Hor. Kp. I, 18, "I : you see that 
 by this one w. two things are meant, 
 videtis hoc uno verbo signiticari duas res, 
 Cic. Caecin. }0, 88 : the very to. itself, 
 " pleasure," has no dignity, verbuni ip- 
 sum volupUitis non habet dignitatem, 
 id. Fin. 2, 2}, 7;: to stamp things witJi 
 W.S by xvay if nuirks, ut signa quaedam 
 sic verba rebus imprlmere. id. Kep. }, i, ? 
 choice of iv.s is the origin of eloi/uence. 
 delectus verborum origo est eloquentiae. 
 id. Hrut. 72, 2?j: ivhat 7ieed if w.s r 
 quid verbis opust? PI. Am. i, i, 289; 
 insulting w.s, contumelia verborum, 
 Caes. B. G. 5, 58 : character, disgrace, 
 infamy, are but w.s and folly, existi- 
 matio," dedecus, infami;i, verba sum 
 atque inei>liae, Cic. Pis. 27, 6; : the force 
 of w.s, iiot the weight of things, ver- 
 borum momenta non rerum pondera, 
 id. liep. J, 8. 12 : in iv. all are free. 
 verbo sunt tilxri omnes, ib. i, ?l, 47: 
 Latin plays translated w. for w. from 
 the Creek, fabellae Latinae ad verbum 
 de Graecis expressae, id. Fin. i. 2, 4 : 
 w. for w., verbum e verbo, id. Tusc. 3, 
 4, 7 : to translate w.for w., verbum pro 
 verbo reddere, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 5, 14 : 
 verbum verlx) r., I lor. A. P. i? j : in a »• 
 (to sum up all in one ic), uno verbo, Cic. 
 Phil. 2, 22. 54 : that you could say 
 that w. (saying) from your heart and 
 with truth, utinam isluc verbum ex 
 animo ac vere diceres. Ter. Eun. i, 2, 9; 
 2. dictum (a sp'l^t-n w. or saying): 
 what is the matter, that no one values 
 mil w.f quid hoc est negoti neminem 
 meum dictum niagiii facere ? I'l. Asin. 
 2. 4, I : to seduce by fine w.s, phaleratis 
 dictis ducere, Ter. Ph. j, 2, 16: he obeyed 
 hi.'! w, dicto paruit, Liv. 9, ^i. 3. 
 vOrabuhnn (an api>eUation of a parti- 
 cular thing) : the nanu is that which is 
 given to each person as the distinctive 
 Sfiecial and fixed w. by which each is 
 called, nomen est quod unicuique per- 
 sonae attribuitnr quo suo quaeque pro- 
 955
 
 WORD 
 
 WORK 
 
 Working 
 
 prio et certo vocabulo appellatur, Cic. 
 Inv. I, 24, ?4 : vnthout changing the 
 things then 'hanged the w.s., rebus non 
 commutatls immutavei-unt vocabula, id 
 Leg. I, I}, {8. 4. nomen, inis. n. (a 
 name) : to apply new w.s to new things, 
 novis rebus nova nomina imponere, Cic. 
 Fill. J, I, J. 5, ^ox, vocis, f. {an ex- 
 pression, uiterance.ofoiie or mm-ewords) : 
 that he, who is altva>is saying that we 
 ought diligently to bring out the fwce 
 that underlies w.s, does not umlerstand 
 tlie meaning of this word " pleasure," 
 eum qui < rel)ro dicat diligenter oportere 
 exprinii quae vis subjecta sit vocibus, mm 
 intelligere quid soiiet haec vox volup- 
 tatis, Cic. Fin. 2, 2, 6 ; a iv. uttered 
 cannot return, nescit vox missa reveni, 
 Hor. A. P. 590: determine Uiat there is 
 no sticcnur in these words, [am a Roman 
 citizen, constitue nihil esse opis in hac 
 voce, Civis Romanus sum, Cic. Verr. 5, 
 65, 168 : when the m).s of that gladiator 
 had become known, quum illius g'.adia- 
 toris voces precrebuissent, id. Mur. 25, 50. 
 Phr. ; a w. tiith you : ausculta paucis : 
 audi paucis : paucis te volo : Ter. : in a 
 to., in a few w.s : breviter: paucis: ne 
 multa : Cic. : to gire ill w.s to any one, 
 maledicere alicui, Cic. : to give any one 
 a good w., favere, suffragari, alicui (to 
 favour, vote for) : Cic. : comniendare 
 aliquem (to recommend) : Cic. : to have 
 w.s tmth any one. altercari cum aliquo, 
 Liv. : v. TO QDARREI-. ||, Mcssoge, 
 
 ivformatixm : hence, to send, send back 
 V)., nuntiare, renuntiare : certiorem fac- 
 ere aliquem : to vn-ite, %orite Ixick w., 
 scribere, rescribere : v. mkssage, to in- 
 form. Ill, Promise: to keep erne's w., 
 fidem praestare, servare : to break one's 
 w.. fideni vjolare, fallere : to tiike a per- 
 son's w., alicui credere : he will believe 
 my IV. sooner than your oath, jnjurato 
 plus credot mihi quatn Jurato tibi, PI. 
 Am. I, 1, 284: he is as good as his 
 w., firmavit Bdem, Ter. Andr. i, i, 4 : v. 
 
 PROMISE. 
 
 word (" ) •■ concipio, cepi, ceptum, j : 
 having changed a few terms in the form 
 and in the w.ing of the oath, paucis 
 verbis camiinis concipiendique juiis- 
 juraodi mutatis, Liv. i, jz: v. to ex- 
 press. 
 
 wordy: verbosus: a w. pretence of 
 ivisdom, verbosa -sininlaiio prudentiae, 
 Cic. Mur. 14, JO : he objected to him as 
 w. and careless in his history, ut ver- 
 bosum in historia negligentemque car- 
 pebat. Suet. Cal. {4. 
 
 work (subs.) : 1. 6pus, eris, n. 
 
 (the act of icing, and the thing completed 
 by the w., as a building, a hook, etc.): 
 for eight successire montlis they had 
 no lOiCk of w., menses octo continuos 
 opus his non defuit, Cic. Verr. 4, 24, 
 54 : speaking in all other cases is play, 
 in the exertions at the bar it is labo- 
 rious w., omnium ceterarum rerura 
 oratio ludus est, in caussarum conten- 
 tionibus magnum est quoddam opus, 
 id. de Or. 2, 17. 72 : the toitsnme tv. of 
 war, grave Martis opus, Virg. Aen. 8, 
 516 to accomplish w., opus eificere, Cic. 
 Atl. 9, II, 2: am urn of beautiful w. 
 (workmanship), hydria praeclaro opere, 
 id. Verr. 4, 14, }2 : in plur. esp. of 
 siege-works : lie commenced an attack on 
 the city by w.s, operibus oppugiiare 
 urbem est adortus, Liv. J7, 5: ir.s and 
 fortilicatvms, opera munitionesque, Cic. 
 Phil. 15, 9, 20: demolition of public "•.«, 
 (buildings), publicoruni operum depo- 
 pulatlo, id. Verr. Act. i, 4, iz : I have 
 an important tv. (book) in hand, habeo 
 magnum opus in njanibus, id. Acad, i, 
 I, 2. 2. 6p6ra (labour, pains) : the 
 
 hand and w. of men, hominum nianus 
 atque opera. Cic I iff. 2, 2, 14 : to bestow 
 great zeal and mudi w. cm mailers, 
 niagnum stu<iium niultjimque operam 
 in res conlerre, ibid, i, 6, 19: you had 
 spent more w. and labnur, plus operae 
 laborisque consumpspras, id de Or. i, 55, 
 2J4 : in the agricultural writers esp. of 
 a day's w.fm a labourer; one day's w. 
 for a tioy, puerilis una opera. Col. 11, 2, 
 44 : therr will remain a w. to mark this 
 956 
 
 foreign travel, exstabit opera peregri- 
 naiionls hujus, Cic. Att. t?, 1 1, 2 : w.s of 
 spviers (spiders' webs), operae aranearum, 
 PI. As! 11. 2, 4, 19. 3. labor (labour, 
 trouble) : what mime;/ or w. he may have 
 spent on this matter, quid suuiptus 
 in earn rem aut laboris insumpserit, Cic. 
 ]nv. 2, 58, 112: to lighten w.. laboreni 
 levare, id. Or !4, 120: the fruit ofw.: 
 the glad crops and w.s of otcen, saia 
 laeta boumque labores, Virg. (i. i, J25. 
 4. factum (a thing done) : aglorious 
 and divine w., factum praeclarum atque 
 divinum. Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 114: the w.s of 
 men and oxen, hominum, boum facta, 
 Ov. H. 10. 60. 5. '"''s, rei,./'. (a thing, 
 a matter taken in hand) : he undertakes 
 the w., rem suscipit, Caes. B. G. I, 9. 
 6. opuBciilum (a small %v. ; esp. a 
 writing) ; why an ungrate/ ul reader de- 
 preciates my w.s. mea cur ingratus 
 opuscula lector premat, Hor. Ep. i, 19, 
 55- 7. opella {p^tty w.): the w. of 
 the forum, opella forensis, Hor. Kp. i, 
 7, 8. 8. pensum {the day's portion 
 weighed out to wooUspinners) : maidens 
 plying their nightly w., nociurna car- 
 pentes pensa pufllae, Virg. G. i, jgo : / 
 shall recal myself to my duty and w., 
 me ad meum munus pensumque revo- 
 caljo, Cic. de Or. j, jo, 119. Phr.: w.s 
 of art, artes . works of art vn-ought by 
 Parrhasius, artes quas Parrhasius pro- 
 tulit, Hor. Od. 4, 8, 5 : woman's 10. : tela 
 (weaving), lana, lanificium (wool-work- 
 ing), pictura (embroidery) : ace. to the 
 special kind : zeal for woman's w., 
 operosae M inervae studiuni, Hor. Od. j, 
 12, 4: the w.s {machinery) of a clock, 
 etc.: macbinatio: when we see anything 
 moved by w.s, as a sphere, a timepiece, 
 and many utlier things, quum niachi- 
 natione quadam moveri aliquid videmus, 
 ut sphaeraui, ut horas, ut alia permulta, 
 Cic. N. 1). 2, J8, 97 : the w.s (place nhere 
 the w.ing is cUme) of a numufactory : 
 *off icina : good w s, *recte honesteque 
 facta, virtus : this is not the w. of chance. 
 id eveiiit non casu, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6 : it 
 is a w. of time, "tempore eget ad confi- 
 ciendum. 
 
 WOrk('')-' I. Intrans.: 1. opgr- 
 or, I, dep. : the older bees w. within, 
 seniores apes iirtus operantur, Plin. 11, 
 10, 10 : the youth w.ing in the new fields, 
 arvis novis operata Juvenlus, Virg. Aen. 
 J, i;6: some woman wing at the web. 
 aliqua textis operata, Tib. 2, i, 6s. 2. 
 laboro, 1 : as long as they understood 
 that they were sowing, spending, and 
 w.ing for themselves and not for Verrej, 
 quaiudiu intelligebant sese sibi, non 
 Verri, serere, impeudere, laborare, Cic. 
 Verr. j, 52, 121 : with ace. of the task 
 w.'d at : I w. at my task, pensa laboro. 
 Prop. 4, }, jj. 3_ elaboro (to tv. 
 
 thoroughly): I am bound to w. for tliis 
 that my countrymen may be more learned, 
 debeo in eo elaborare ut sint doctiores 
 cives mei, Cic. Kin. i, 4. 10. Ph r. : the 
 bees w. within, iipes intus opus laciunt, 
 Varr. K. R. j, 16 : / hate engaged to w. 
 todaii for three sesturces, ego operam 
 meam tribus nummis bodie locavi : ihe 
 phrr. with "operam" seem more used 
 in classical Latin than the verb"oper- 
 or " : v. WORK {subs.). For w. meaning 
 fermtnt : v.to ferment. ||, Tran.s.: 
 1. exerceo, ui, itum, 2 (to keep in 
 constant w. or stir) : to collect and w. 
 troops, coplas cogere, exercere, Caes. 
 B. <j. 5, 55 : the body must be iv.'d, exer- 
 ceiidum corpus, Cic. Off. i, 2J, 79: Vll 
 w. you tii-ilay as you deserve, ego te 
 e.xercebo bodie ut dicuus es, Ter. Ad. 4, 
 2, 48 : they w. the hills w<th the plough- 
 share, exercent voniere colles, Virg. Aen. 
 7, 798 : fields or mines for the iv.ing of 
 which w may be resirved, arva aut met- 
 alla quibus exercendis reservimur, lac. 
 .\gr. J I. 2. exercito, i (ciiiefly in 
 pass, part.) : the mind stirred and w.'d 
 with cares, cutis agitatus et exercitatus 
 animus, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 28. 3. agito, 
 ) (to shake) : to bi: w.'d and stirrai by 
 the violence of the n<inds, ventorum vi 
 agitari atque turbari, Cic. Clu. 49, 1 58 : 
 to be w.'d and terrified by the fires of the 
 
 Furies, agitari et perterreri t'uriarum 
 taedis ardentibus, id. Rose. Am. 24, frj. 
 4. siiblgo, egi, actum, j (to stir vp, 
 esp. of soil) : practised in w.itig the soil, 
 glebis subigeiidis exercitatl, Cic. Agr. 2, 
 51. 84 : let him put the meal into a 
 mm tar, add voter graduaUy, and w. it 
 we/i, tarinam in niortarium indito, aquae 
 pauUatim addito, subigitoque pulcre, 
 Cato R R. 74. 5. colo, ui, cultum, } 
 (to till) : it is not all fields that are w.'d 
 that bear fruit, agri non omnes fnigi- 
 feri sunt qui coluntur, Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 
 I J. 6. tracto, I (to w. this way and 
 that, to ha^idle) : the wax w.'d by the 
 thumb is moulded into many shapes, 
 era tractata polllee multas flectitur in 
 fades, Ov. M. 10, 285 ; to w. the helm of 
 state, tractare gubemacula reipublicae, 
 Cic. Sest. 9, 20. 7. fingo. uxi, ctum, 
 } : to w. in wax, fingere e cera, Cic. 
 Verr. 4, ij, jo. 8. fabricor, i (to w. 
 in hard substances) : those who w. statues, 
 ii qui signa fabricantur, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 
 147 : cups w.'d out of beechwood, fabri- 
 cata fago pocula, Ov. M. 8, 669 : images 
 vn-ought of gold, simulacra ex auro 
 faliricata. Suet. Ner. 32. 9, molior, 
 itus. 4 (to set in motion ivith effort) : the 
 husbandman having w.'d the siil vnth 
 the curved plough, agricola incurve ter- 
 ram molitus aratro, Virg. G. i, 494 : 
 these Jeelings chiefly are to be w.'d in 
 Vie minds of the judges by our speaking, 
 haec maxinie sunt in Judiciim animis 
 oratione molienda, Cic. de Or. 2, 51, 206. 
 10. efficio, feci, factum, j (to effect): 
 fortune w.s great changes by small 
 forces, fortuna parvis momentis magnas 
 rerum commutationes efficit, Caes. B. C. 
 J, 68 : V. to effect, to produce. 11. 
 adnilnistro, 1 (to manage) : tow.a ship, 
 administrare navem, Caes. B. O. j, 14 
 V. to manage. Phr.: to w. vigorously 
 and diligently on a thing, in aliqua re 
 acriter et diligenter versari, Cic. kep. i. 
 22, j;: whatever can be w.'d out or 
 effected, quidquid elaborari aut efflci 
 poterit, id. Kam. 9. 16, 2 : tow. up : per- 
 ficere : to w. up sicins, wool, coria, lanas 
 p., Plin. ; to w. one's way through : pene- 
 trate, perfodere (to dig through) : to w. 
 one's way up to power, ad summas emer- 
 gere opes, Lucr. 2, 1 j : / have seen many 
 tv. their way out (from profligacy) to 
 virttie, multos vidi emersisse ad frugem 
 bonam, Cic. Cael. 12, 28 to w. well (be 
 usejul, succeed): prodesse, provenire : 
 if his design /tad w.'d well, si consilium 
 provenisset, Tac. H. }, 41. 
 work-basket : 1. quasiUum : 
 
 among the ir.s (in the work-roovi) gold 
 was neighed out, inter qua.silla peiide- 
 batur aiirum, Cic. Phil ;, 4, 10. 2. 
 qiialus: your w. and n earing Cytlterea's 
 winged son takes from you, tibi qualum 
 Cyihereae puer ales, tibi tflas aufert, 
 Hor. Od. J, 12, 4. 3. calaihas: you 
 lirair out wool, and lay the fleecy mass 
 when finished in the w.s, vos trahitis 
 laiiam calathisque peracta refertis vel- 
 lera, Jiiv. 2, 54. 
 
 -dav : negotiosits dies, Tac. A. 
 
 I J, 41: I'hr. : on w.-days (common 
 days) and holidays, prolestis lucibus et 
 sacris, Hor. Od. 4, 15, 2? : v. wekk-day. 
 worker: v. workman. Phr.: a 
 good tvorker (diligent) : diligena : a w, 
 in metals, *laher metallicus : a w. in 
 iron, brotize, f. ferrarius, aerarius : Plin. : 
 in gold, silver, *aurarius, argentarius. 
 
 workhouse : 1. ergasiQIum (hoicse 
 of correetion and forced labour) : Cic.: 
 i'iv. 2. *pt6chotr6phium, orptochium 
 (poor-house) : Cod. Justin. 
 
 working: 1. lracla.tio (handling, 
 management) : the tv. and employment 
 of the voice, tractatio et usus vocis, Cic. 
 Or. 18, 59. 2. fabrica : tlte w. of 
 
 In-ass and i) on, fabrica aeris atque ferri, 
 Cic. N. |). 2, I?, J?. 3. cultus, us: 
 the IV. of the ground, cultus agrorum, 
 Liv. 4, 12. 4. cultio: the w. of the 
 ground, agri cultio, Cic. Sen. 16, 56. 
 5. effectus, lis : of which lierbs you 
 might see the force and w., quarum her- 
 barum vim et effectum videre8,Cic. Div. 
 
 2, 20, 47 : V. EFFECT.
 
 W O IS K M A .N 
 
 WORLD 
 
 WORSE 
 
 workman : 1. <5pifex, icU : ail 
 
 w. are employed in a lot" art, omnes 
 opifices in sordiJa arte vi-rsaiitur, CIc. 
 Off. I, 42, i;o: w. and slaves, opifices 
 atxjue servltia. Sail. C. ;o. 2. 6p6ra- 
 rius (generally Ubi-d rather in contempt): 
 th/ise whom you uxiidd despise as w. 
 and barbarians, quo.s, sicut operarios 
 barbarusque coiitemnas, CIc. Tusc. ;, }6, 
 104. 3. Op«ra (usually in plar., of 
 day labourers) : Col. : you will be added 
 a ninth w. to my Sabiiie fai-m, accedes 
 opera agro nona Sablno, Hor. S. 2, •). 
 118. 4. artlfex, icis (an artist ; more 
 skill is implieii than in opife.'c) : those 
 II'. made likeni'sses of the body, illi 
 artifices corporis simulacra faciebant, 
 Cic. Fain. <;, 1 2, 7 : o cunning iv. (fi9-)- 
 arlllex callidus. id. Fin. 2, Jj, il5. 
 5. taber, bri (a vorh-er in )uird 
 substances) ■■ a w. in wood, faber tlgna- 
 rius, Cic. Brut. 1 ?, 2;'; : w.s in marble, 
 ivory, or brass, nmmioris ant eljoris 
 fabri aut aeris, Hor. Ep. 2, 1. 96. 6. 
 sellularius (w. at a sedentary trade, in- 
 door to.): the multitude of ould/mr and 
 indoor w., opificum vulgus et sellularii, 
 Liv. 8, 20. I'hr. : w. handle w.'s tools, 
 tnutant fabrilia fabri, Hor. Kp. 2, i, 116. 
 workmanlike: fiber, bra, brum: 
 to. art, tabra ars, Ov. M. 8, 159 ; v. 
 
 SKILKDI., INOKNIOUS. 
 
 workmanship : 1, Spus, 6ris, n. .- 
 
 of these he was delighted, not with the 
 to., but tinth the weight, quorum Iste 
 non opera delectabatur sed pondere, 
 CSc. Verr. 4, 56, 124. 2. ars, artis./. : 
 seven tripods equal in weight and w., 
 sepiem tripodas pondere et arte pares, 
 Ov. H. J, }2. 
 
 workshop: 1. offlcina: nor can 
 a H>. have anything noble, nee quidquam 
 ingenuum potest habere ofiRcina, CIc. 
 Off. I, 42, 1 50: whose house is a most 
 profitable to. of forgeries, cujus domus 
 quaestuosissima est falsorum chirogra- 
 phorum offlcina, id. I'hil. 2, 14, J5. 2. 
 fabrica : Vulcan who is said to have 
 been mastersmith in a m. at hemnos, 
 Vulcanus qui Ivcmni fabricae traditur 
 praefuisse, id. N. I), j, 22, 5;. Phi.: 
 a weaver's to., textrinum : Vitr. : v. 
 
 SHOP. 
 
 workwoman : * Sperarla (one tofto 
 u-orks for hire): used by Flautus ironi- 
 cally. P h r. : she lived a hard life, 
 being a w. in wool, for her livelihood, 
 vltam duriter agebat lana ac tela vic- 
 tum quaeritans, Ter. Andr. i, i, 48 : for 
 w., as needlewoman, there is no one 
 Latin term, though carding and spin- 
 ning wool were done by women : young 
 to.en at their task kite at night, nocturna 
 carpentes pensa puellae, Vlrg. 
 
 world: I. the world cansideietl as 
 extent of space ; the universe, earth : 
 1, mundus (Me tini't'ffse ; Gr. k6<t- 
 ^<k) : the to. is as it uere the comitum 
 home of gods and men, or the city of both, 
 est niundug quasi communis deorum 
 atque hominum domus aut urbs utro- 
 rumque, Cic. N. I). 2, 62, 154: this our w. 
 you say is not for certain round ; for 
 possibly it may he of some other shape, 
 and countless other w.s there may be of 
 other shapes, nee hunc ipsum inundum 
 pro certo rotundum esse didtis ; nam 
 posse fieri ut alia sit figura : iniiumer- 
 abilesque mundos alios aliarum esse 
 fomiarum, lb. 18, 48 : the ramjmrts of 
 the mighty w., magni nioenia iiiundi, 
 Lucr. 2, 114;: whatever limit bounds 
 the to., let him attain to it, quicunque 
 mundo terminus obstitlt, hunc tangat, 
 Hor. Od. ?, J, 5 J (in jwetry m. often 
 means no more than the earth). 2. 
 orbis. Is, m. (the sphere of earth ; in prose 
 terrae or terrarum is generally added) : 
 should Uie to. crash in ruins upon him, 
 si fractus illabatur orbis, Hor. Od. }, ?, 
 •J : no bay in the to., nuUus in orbe sinus, 
 Hor. Ep. I, I, 8} : thew.andall nations, 
 orbis terrarum gentesque onme.s CIc. 
 Agr. 2, I }, n : Ihe Campanian land, the 
 fairest in the to., ager Caiiipanus orbis 
 terrae pulcherrimus, ib. 28. -6 : l.iber 
 comes enriclied from the eastern to. 
 {dime). Liber eoo "dives ab orbe venit, Ov. 
 
 F. J, 466. 3. terrae, arum (all lands) : 
 all the money in the to., tanta peciinia 
 quanta sit in terns, Cia Agr. 2. 2}, 62: 
 wliere in the to. ,' ubi terrarum .> Cic. : 
 ulierever in the w. she sliaU be taken 
 lam ri-siilred to follow, quoquo terrarum 
 asportabllur certumst persequi, Ter. Pb. 
 J, }, 18. 4. iiatdra (or n. rerum, all 
 nature, creation) : Cleanthes gives the 
 name of Cod to the mind and soul of 
 the whole to., Cleanthes totius naturae 
 nii'iiti atque animo nomen Dei tribult, 
 Cic. X. 1). I, 14, n ' " certain reason 
 that pervades the whole to., ratio qiiae- 
 dani per omnem rerum naturam per- 
 tlnens, ib. 14, ?6. ||. Mankind, all 
 men, the public, human affairs, etc. : 
 1. muiidus trarc In this u.se) . if you 
 will recul the recmiis and annals ol the 
 to., tempora si fastosque veils evolvere 
 muiidi, llor. S. I, 5, 112. 2. hSmines, 
 uni : whatever the to. lioes. qulcquid 
 agunt homini'S, Juv. i, 85 : this is the 
 xray the w. Uxies, sic vita hi'mlnuin est, 
 Cic. : since the to. Iiegiin. post homines 
 natf)S, Cic. 3. omnes, ium : the worst 
 poet in the IV., pessimus omnium poeta. 
 Cat.: who is there of all the w.r quis 
 eniin est omnium ? Cic. : tie whole w. 
 are agreed, omnes ad unum idem sen- 
 tiunt. Cic. 4. Rentes, ium {all na- 
 tions) : where in the to. are we f ubinam 
 gentium sumus ? Cic. 5. populus {the 
 public) : what says the to. ,•' quis popull 
 sermo est ? F'ers. I. 6 j the to. hisses me, 
 but lajrplaud myself, populu^^ me sibilat, 
 at mihi plaudo ipse, Hor. S. i, i, 66. 
 6. vulgus, i, n. : if the question were 
 a.%ked after the speech was concluded, 
 the judgment of the wise man zvould 
 never differ from the judgment of the 
 to., perorata causa si quaereretur nun- 
 quam sapientis judicium a judicio vulgi 
 discreparet, Cic. Brut. 5?, 198: ivhich ue 
 perceive to be acceptable to the to., quod 
 In vulgus gratum esse sentimus, id. Att. 
 2, 22, ?. 7. secfilum {the age, men 
 with whom we live) ; / know this to. 
 and its ways, novi ego hoc seculum 
 moribus qiilbus slet, Plaut. 8. res, 
 rerum {affairs) : ignorance of the to., 
 inscitia rerum, flor. : Ulysses, not to be 
 sunk by the buffeting waixs of the to., 
 Ulixes adversis rerum Inimereabllis un- 
 (lis, Hor. Ep. I, 2, 22. III. Things 
 temporal as opposed to eternal; things 
 not religious : 1. *niundus : Vulg., 
 passim. 2. *secuhim : loose the Imdy's 
 slave from the chains of the to., servien- 
 temcorporl absolve vinclis seculi, Prud. : 
 this sense of umrld, being Christian, finds 
 no one classical Latin equivalent : expr. 
 by res profanae (as opposed to sacrae), 
 hunianae; voluptiites, illecebrae voliip- 
 tatum ; curae hunianae. Ph r. : u citizen 
 of the to.: mundanus: SiKrates, v)hen 
 asked of what city lie called himsdf a 
 citizen, answereil. Of the to., Socrates 
 quum rogaretur cujateni se esse dioeret, 
 Mundaiiuni, iiiquit, Cic. Tusc. ;, 57, 108: 
 since Ihe be ginning of the w., ex oiiiiiiiim 
 saeculoruin minioria, CIc. : a deed that 
 will last to the w.'s end, factum in saecula 
 ituium, Sil. 12, JI2: 10. without end, 
 *in secula seculorum, Eccl. : in the to. 
 is often a mere expletive : who in the to. ," 
 quis tandem.' nothing in the »•., nihil 
 omnino, prorsus nihil : / am the very 
 ivretdu'dfst man in the 10., prorsus nihil 
 abest quin sim iniserriiuus, Cic. Att. 11, 
 15, { : a man of the ti'., homo politus, 
 urbanus, lautus (polished) : morum peri- 
 tus, multum cum hominibus versitiis 
 (experienced) : knitwiedge of the to. (as 
 opp. Ut mere scholastic training), rerum, 
 hominum, tem[X)rum notitia, Tac. Dial. 
 29 : as the to. goes, ul sunt mores, Ter. : 
 ut nunc est, Hor. : to tn-ing before the w. 
 (to make public), in medium pniferre, 
 Cic. the to. sometimes with adji'ctiies 
 means a class : the literary to., homines 
 docti, literati, eruditi: CIc. : thefashion- 
 able w., e'egantloreii : not quite polished 
 enough for this aitical u\, minus aptus 
 acutis narlbus horum hominum, Hor. S. 
 I, }, )o : to leave Vie to. (to die), e vita 
 exoedere : the next to., • futura vita : 
 a to. qf waters, 'aquarum immensitas. 
 
 avo.of wonders, * miracalorum inflnita 
 vis ac varii-tas. 
 
 worldliness : 1, *prOfanitas: (Ae 
 to. of tlie ancient heathen writers, superi- 
 onmi prof.inltas, Tert. Pall. 2. 2. 
 
 •rerum terrenarum amor, studium. 
 
 worldly : 1. *s6culari8, e : w. 
 
 lusts, secularia desideria, Vulg. Tit il. 
 12. 2. I<> clasti. Latin iiu exact 
 
 equivalent: the idea is too essentially 
 Christian perh. prdfanus : / hate tfte to. 
 throng, odi profanum vulgus, Hor. Od. 
 ?, I, 1 : the distinction between pi-iest 
 and pejople being analogous to that be- 
 tween worldly and rpiritiuil : or, ler- 
 renus, terre.'-Iris (earthly) ; hnmanus 
 (human). Phr. : a w.-miruUd man, 
 * homo divliiiorum iiicuriosus, volupta- 
 tibus deditus: could you but nd your- 
 self of chilling to. caies, you might 
 follow the lending of heavenly tcvfdom, 
 si frigida curarum foiiienta rellnquere 
 posses, quo te caelestis sapientia duceret 
 ires, Hor. Ep. i, }, 26. 
 worm (subs.) : |. The animal ; 
 
 1. vermis. Is, m. : you mat/ se^. live 
 w.s produced frfrm derailing dung, videre 
 licet vivos exislere vermes stercore de 
 taetro, Lucr. 2, 871: earth-w.s, vermes 
 terreni, Plin. 18, 17, 45 : where thfir w. 
 dieth not, ubi vermis non morliur, Vulg. 
 Mark ix. 44. 2. verml. ulus (h7Ueic.); 
 these substances, when decat/ing, produce 
 w.s, haec quum sunt piitrefacta verrai- 
 culos pariunt, Lutr. 2, 899. 3. lum- 
 bricus : that they may search the marsh 
 and dig up w.s, ut rimentur paludem 
 effodiantque lumbricos. Col. 7, 9 : get 
 away, you to., to/10 have just crept out 
 from beneath the earth, toras, lumbrice, 
 qui sub terra erepslsti niodo. PI. Aul. 4, 
 4, I 10 .s- (ivtestinal) hurt calves, solent 
 vitiiiis iiocere lumbrici. Oil. 6, jo. 4. 
 cuiculio, onis, m. (com-w.) : the to. de- 
 stroys the heap of com, populat farris 
 iicervum curcullo, Virg. G. i, 18;. 5. 
 tinea (small to. that destroys books, 
 wood, etc.) : Virg.: Hor.: Col.: intes- 
 tinal to. : Plin. 6. teredo, Inis, /. 
 (the boring to.) : tite ship destroyed bf 
 the secret to., occulta vitiata teredine 
 navis, Ov. Pont, i, i, 69. \\. A disease 
 under a dog's tongue, supposed to be 
 caused by a w. : vermlculus, lytta: 
 Plin. III. TVie to. of a screw : * spira 
 cochleae; the 6r. jrcpiicoxAioi'. Phr.: 
 the w.s, a disease, verminalio: PUn. : 
 to have the w.s, verminare : Sen. : full 
 of w.s, vermlno.sus, Pliu. 
 
 worm ("■) •■ Phr.: to 10. out of any 
 one {a secret or the like), * extorquere, 
 ellcere : to to. one's nay in, Insinuare se, 
 irrepere : when he had n.'d his iray into 
 an intimacy with him, quum se ejus in 
 familiaritateni insinuasset, Cic. Caec. j, 
 I ! : to I'', their way into the register, 
 irreiX'ie in UibuUiB, id. .\ich. 5, 10. 
 
 -eaten : 1. vermlciilosus : 
 
 Pall. 2. cAriosiis (liecay'd): Plin. 
 
 I'll r. : soiif ti'cs are more, some less 10.. 
 veriiiiciilaiitur umgis iijiimsve quaedam 
 arboies, Plin. 17, 24, }7: being ic. is an 
 evil common to all trees, arborum com- 
 munis morbus vennlculatio, Ib. 
 
 wood ; ali.-lnthium: Plin.: bitter 
 
 to., ab>intliiu taetra, Lucr. i, 9J5. Phr.: 
 a cup of 11: mixture. jHiculum absinthi- 
 atum. Sen.: f. i<i»if. absiiithites: Col. 
 wormy: venninosus, vermiculosus: 
 
 v. \V(il:M. WORM-KATI-JJ. 
 
 worry: I. 'I'o vtx, torment. 1. 
 
 criicio, I : hoir he n-.s himse'f, ut Ipsas 
 sese cruclat, PI. Bac j, ?. 89 : don t to. 
 yourself, I entreat, lie crucia te, obsecro, 
 Ter. Eun. 1. 2, 15. 2, ^exo. i: Cic 
 3. exerci-o, ul, itum, I : Cic. : v. 
 
 TO VKX, TO TOBMK.VT. jj. To tear, 
 
 drive aliout ; as a sporting term lAnio, 
 l&cfiro, ilgito: v. to tkak, to hi;nt. 
 
 worse (a<ij): 1. PSJ"'' <-"'^' P^- 
 lively bad, in a comparison ol two evils) : 
 a disgraceful escape from death is w. 
 than 'any death, lurpis luga mortis est 
 omni niorte pejor, CIc. Phil. 8, 10, 29 : the 
 mailer canriot lie t»» a w. state, pejore 
 res lixo non potis est esse, Ter. Ad. ?, !■ 
 46 : to fall away to the u'„ in peiMM 
 mere, Virg. G. i, 200. 2. delfirlor 
 951
 
 WORSE 
 
 won T H 
 
 WOUND 
 
 {less good, that has degenerated) : the 
 fall has not made my property w., ruina 
 rem non fecit deterioreni, Cic. Att. 14, 
 II, 2 : the w. cause in court, deteriur 
 causa in judiciis, id. Caec. 16, 46 : empire 
 changed for the 11 ., mutatus in deterius 
 principatus, Tac. A. 4, 6. 3. gravior 
 {more severe) : a w. wound, gravlus vul- 
 nus.Caes. B.G. I, 43. 4. vilior(»wJic 
 1107-thless) : birth and worth without 
 WMney is «•. than mere seaweed, genus et 
 virtus nisi cum re vilius alga est, Hur. 
 S. 2, 5, 8. Worse serves loosely for com- 
 parative in many Ijinds of badness : 
 hence many I^tin comparatives may at 
 times express it: he is ii~icked, dishonour- 
 able, base, etc., you are «'., * ille sceles- 
 tus, inhonestus, turpis, tu scelestior, in- 
 houestior, tuipior; a w. fault, major 
 culpa, Hor. : v. bad. Phr. : fruits 
 grow to., poma degenerant, Virg. G. 2, 
 59 : the evil grows u\ every day, ingra- 
 vescit in dies malum, Cic. Brut, i, 10, 1 : 
 a disease growing w., ingrave^cens mor- 
 bus, id. Div. 2, 6, 16 : sliitlifulness will 
 groiv w., intendetur socordia, lac. A. 2, 
 }S ■ to make the morals of a state w. or 
 better, vel coriumpere mores civitatis 
 vel corrigere, Cic. Keg. }, 14, J2 : things 
 marred and made w., cornipta ac de- 
 pravata, id. Mur. 12, 27 : there is no- 
 thing, Antipho, that cannot be made u: 
 by bad telling, nil est, Autiplio, quin 
 male narrando possit depravarier, I'er. 
 Ph. 4, 4, 16: to make a viattir n: by 
 words, verbis rem exasperare. Quint. 4, 
 2, 75 : tfy which matters had been made 
 w., quo aggravatae res essent, Liv. 4, 12 : 
 she makes my suffering w., ilia meos 
 casus ingravat, Ov. Tr. j, 4, 60 : / can 
 be none the w. for what they may do, 
 mihi nihil ab istis noceri potest, Cic. 
 Cat. J, 12, 27 : to come out none the iv., 
 totus et integer exire, Pers. 1;, 17!. 
 
 worse (_adr.) : 1, pejus : / hated 
 him much w. than f'lmlius, huncoderam 
 multo pejus quam Clodium, Cic. Fani. 7, 
 2, i. 2. deterius does the grass shine 
 or smell w. than Libiiao floor f deterius 
 Llbycis olet aut nitet herba lapillis? 
 Hor. fi;p. I, 10, 19. 
 
 worship ("■)■• 1. veiieror, l: to 
 w. the gods, venerari deos, Cic. N. I', j, 
 2 1 , 5 ? : to ly. Epicurus as a god. v. Epicu- 
 rum ut deum, id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48. 2. 
 adoro, i (more emphatic than veneror): 
 Ennius we w. as ice lio groves sacred 
 from, antiquitj/, Enniuni sicut sacros ve- 
 tustate lucos adoramus, Quint. 10, 1, 88 
 some IV. the crocodile, crocodilon adorat 
 pars, Juv. 15,2. 3. e61o, ui, cultuTii, } 
 (by fmmal rites) ; the gods whom we are 
 wont to worship, pray to, and venerate, 
 dii quos nos colere, precari. venerarique 
 soloamus, Cic. N, [). i, 42, 119 : to w. by 
 flamens and priests, per flaniines et 
 sacerdotes colere, Tac. A. i, 10. 
 
 worship (subs.) : 1. vgneratio 
 whatever excels, rightly claims tv., vene- 
 rationem habet justam quidquid excellit, 
 Cic. N. D. I, 17, 45. 2. aJoratio: to 
 propitiate the gods by «'., propiliaredeos 
 adoratione, Plin. 29, 4, 20. 3. cultus, 
 us : the w. of the gods, deorum c, Cic. 
 Tusc. 1, 26, 64: having venerated the 
 deities by w., veneratus numiiia cultu, 
 Ov. M. 5, 279. 4. religio : w. is that 
 which offeis attention and ce^-emony to 
 a being of superior nature, religio est 
 quae superioris ciijusdam naturae curam 
 caerimoniamque affert, Cic. In v. 2, ;j, 
 161. 5. sacra, oruni {the details of 
 w., sacrifices, vesseU, etc.) : he admitted 
 tfte .'<abines into the state, adopting one 
 common rc.Sabinos in civitatem ascivit, 
 sacris comniunicatis, Cic. Rep. 2, 1, i ;. 
 Phr.: having finished w., re divina 
 facta, PI. Am. j, j, 15 : to conduct divine 
 w., rem divinara facere, Cic. N. D. i, 
 18, 47 : performing w., operatus, Virg. : 
 sacris operatus, Liv. ; your w., as a title, 
 perh. expr. by a vocative : * venerande, 
 praeclare, dignissime vir. 
 
 worshinful : * venerabTlis, revgren- 
 dus. augustus, dignissimus: but no one 
 of these was used specially as a title of 
 honour to persons in office, till post- 
 classical times. 
 958 
 
 worshipper: 1- cultor: an unfre- 
 quent w. of the gods, deorum cultor in- 
 frequens, Hor. Od. i, J4. I. 2. vene- 
 rator : tliat w. if your house, ille di^nms 
 vestrae venerator, Ov. Punt. 2, 2, i. 
 3- admirator {admirei-) : a w. of 
 antiquity, adm. antiquitatis, Quint. 2, 5, 
 
 21. Plir. : / am a most devout w. of 
 poetry, poeticeii religiosissime veneror. 
 Plin. Ep. 3, 1 5, 2 : quite a w. of mine, 
 homo mei observantissimus, Cic. Q. Fr. 
 I, 2, II. 
 
 worst (adj.) : 1, pessinius (super- 
 latively bad) : the w. piet in the world, 
 pessinius omnium poeta. Cat. 49, 6: the 
 w. and most faithless spirit, mens pes- 
 sima et infidelissima, Cic. Fani. 11, i, i. 
 2. deterrinius (fallen from good 
 to very bad) : a form of government 
 changed from good to w., genus reipub- 
 licae ex bono in deterrimum conversum, 
 Cic. Rep. 2, 26, 48 : IV. and most shame- 
 less man, deterrime et impudentissiiue, 
 id. Verr. 2, 16, 40. 3. extremus {ex- 
 treme, last in a list of evils) : the n: 
 madnefs, extrema dementia. Sail. J. j ; 
 to suffer famine, sword, and the very w., 
 famem feiTumque et extrema pati, Tac. 
 H. 4, 59. 4. ultlmus: to suffer all 
 the w., omnia ultima pati, Liv. J7, 54. 
 5. supienius (highest in an ascend- 
 ing scale of evils): the n: punishment, 
 supremum supplicium, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 
 
 22. Phr.: when he saw his w. enemy, 
 ubi vidit inimicissimum snum, Cic. Mil. 
 9, 2; : to make the iv. of a matter, *rem 
 in deterius (pejus) interpretari. 
 
 worst (adv.): pessime: stolen bees 
 thrive v., furtivae apes pessime prove- 
 niuiit, Plin. 19, 7, 57. 
 
 worst (^0 •' vinco, vici, ctura, j : to 
 IV. in Jight, pugna vincere, Cic. Manil. 
 18, 55 : he has iv.'d him in argument, 
 argumentis vicit, PI. Am. I, I, 267 : v. 
 
 TO CONQUER, TO DEFEAT. 
 
 worsted (subs.): *lana, laneum 
 filum : V. \vooi,. 
 
 worsted (adj.) .- *laneus : v. ■wool- 
 len. 
 
 wort: |. Berb: berba: but the 
 
 English ivort only appears in compounds. 
 II, Unfeiniented beer: perh. *mus- 
 tum ex hordeo factum. 
 
 worth (subs) : 1, pretium {price, 
 value) : no one has afield of greater w., 
 agrum pretii majoris nemo habet, Ter. 
 Heaut. 1,1,12: the man is of small tc, 
 homo parvi prelii est, Cic. Q. Fr. I, 2, 
 14 : a moderate lawyer is of some w., 
 consultus juris niediuciis in pretio est, 
 Hor. A. P. i']2. 2. uestimiitio {valaa- 
 tion) : it is to be valued highly, but it is 
 a IV. in quality nut quantity, est illud 
 quidera pluiimi aestimandum, sed ea 
 aestimatio genere valet, non magiii- 
 tudine, Cic. Fin. 3, 10, J4: vhich (nap- 
 kin) does not trouble me from its w. but 
 it is a keepsake, quod me non niovet 
 aestimatione, veruiii est mnemosynon. 
 Cat. 12, 12: V. VALBK. 3. dignitas 
 
 {win-thi7iess) : all knmu that he is not 
 wanting in w. or injluence, onmes in- 
 telligunt nee dignitatem ei deesse nee 
 giatiani, Cic. Fam. 11, 17, i : v. dign'itt. 
 4. virtus, Qtis. /. ; «'. a7id honour, 
 virtus atque integritas, Cic. Font, i ;, 29 : 
 that good wares may sell for their real 
 u'., quae probast merx pro viitule ut 
 veneat, PI. Mil. 3, i, uj: v. excel- 
 lence. Phr.: a man of great w., vir 
 amplissimus, giavissimus, Cic. 
 
 worth (a'tj.) ■■ digtius (with abl.) : 
 they think the men w. arguing uith, 
 homines diguos quibnscuin disseratiir 
 pulaiit, Cic. Acad. 2, 6, 18: w. their 
 hearing, dignum horum auribus, id. 
 Rep I, I J, 19: V. WORTHY. Phr.: 
 what are pigs w. here ? quibus hie 
 preliis porci veneunt? PI. Men. 2, 2, 
 1 5 : you have a charming slave, iv. any 
 price you like, babes graphicum servurn 
 et quantivis pretii, id. Epid. ?, 3, 29: 
 do not look to what the man is w., noli 
 spectare quanti homo sit, Cic. Q. Fr. i, 
 2, 14: he is w. nothing, nihili est, Cic: 
 when estates in land uere w. little, quum 
 jacerent pretia praediorum, id. Rose. 
 Com. 12, }5: provided that one gold 
 
 coin should be w. ten silver, dum pre 
 argenteis decern aureus unus valeret, 
 Liv. j8, II : to be w. muA:h (little), mul- 
 tum (parum) valere: do you not know 
 what money is w. f nescis quo valeat 
 immus ? Hor. S. i, l, 7J : this is w. 
 something to me : *hoc mihi in lucre est, 
 hinc ego pecuniam lucror: to count it 
 as w. something, id deputare esse in 
 lucro, Ter. Ph. 2, i, 16 : he is w. a large 
 sum of money, *divitias niaximas habet ; 
 you wished to be known as w. {to be 
 rated at) a great sum, in landed pro- 
 perty, voluisti magnum agri modum 
 censeri, Cic. FI. J2, 80 : it is tv. knowing 
 what guardians the virtue (of Augustus) 
 has, est operae pretium cognoscere quales 
 aedituos babeat virtus, Hor. Ep. 2, i, 
 229. 
 
 worthy: I. Deserving: dignus: 
 (i.) with abl. : a man most w. of his 
 ancestors, vir majoribus suis dignissi- 
 nms, Cic. Phil, j, 10, 25 : you are w. of 
 stripes, dignus es verberibus, PI. Mil. 2, 
 J, 71 : flattery is not w. even of a free 
 man, assentatio ne libero quidem digna 
 est, Cic. Am. 24, 89: (ii.) with relative 
 and subj. : w. of commanding, dignus 
 qui imperet, id. Leg. 3, 2, 5 : (iii.) with 
 infin. (only in poets) : w. to be praised 
 in song, dignus cantari, Virg. E. 5, 54 : 
 (iv.) with ut (very rarely) : / am not 
 w., compared with you, to drive a stake 
 into a wall, non sum dignus prae te ut 
 figam palum in parietem, PI. Mil. 4, 
 4, 4. II. Possessin,g worth, good: 
 
 Phr. w. and suitable men, digiii et 
 idonei, Sail. C. 51 : but this use is not 
 Ciceronian : for this sense use laudandus, 
 optimus: v. GOOD, estimable. Phr.: 
 / think not myself w. of such honour, 
 hand equidem tali me dignor honore, 
 Virg. Aen. i, }i$. 
 
 worthily: digne: philosophy can 
 never be praised w. enough, numquam 
 laudari satis digne potent philosopbia, 
 Cic. de Sen. i, 2. Phr.: to praise w., 
 pro dignitate laudare, Cic. Rose. Am. 12, 
 ii to reward w., *pro meritis rependere. 
 
 worthiness: dignius: a w. for the 
 consular office, dignitas consularis, Cic. 
 Mur, I J, 28: gen. the adj. would be 
 used : no)ie doubted his w.for tlie office, 
 •nemo dubitavit quin dignus asset qui 
 eligetetur. 
 
 worthless : 1. Iniitills, e (useless) ; 
 a heljiless and w. man, homo iners 
 atqiie iiiutilis, Cic. Off. i, 6, Ji. 2. 
 vilis. e (paltry) : nothing is so tv. or 
 commiin, nihil est tam vile neque tam 
 viilgiie, Cic. Rose. Am. 26, 71. 3. 
 levi>, (' (of no weight or worth) : w. and 
 venal judges, leves ac numarii judices, 
 Cic. Clu. 28, 75. 4. inanis, e {contain- 
 ing nothing of value, unmeaning) : to 
 be pleased with w. things, as glory, de- 
 lectari inanibus rebus, ut gloria, Cic. Am. 
 14, 49 : our w. contentions, inanes nostrae 
 contentiones, id. de Or. i, 2, 1. 5. 
 mis?r (contemptuously) : abandoned and 
 «'. man, homo perditus miserque, Ter. 
 Eun. ?, 1, 28. 6. nequam, indecl. 
 (mostly of moral worthlessness) : w.and 
 wicked freedmen,\ihKTti nequam et im~ 
 probi, Cic. Rose. Am. 4;, ijo; fish is w. 
 unless fresh, piscis nequam est nisi 
 receiis. "i'l. Asin. i, j, 26: v, bad. 
 
 worthlessness : 1. levitas .- th^ 
 
 iv. if ivkich opinion, refuted as it has 
 been by Colta, needs no won-ds from me, 
 cujus opinionis levitas confutata a Cotta 
 non desiderat orationem meam, Cic. 
 N. D. 2, 17, 45; foUy and w., futilita.s 
 levitasque, ib. 28, 70. 2. inane (poet.) : 
 toltat to. is there in things ! quantum 
 est in rebus inane ! Pers. 1, i. 
 
 wound (subs.) : 1. vulnus, eris, n. 
 (inflicted by a tvtapon or sharp instru- 
 ment) : after giving and receiving many 
 w.s, multis et illatis et acceptis val- 
 neribus, Caes. B. G. I, 50: to suffei- w.s 
 for one's country, pro patria vulnera 
 excipere, Cic. Sest. 10, 2j: defend our 
 leaves from the w. of Vie sharp knife, 
 ab acutae vulnere falcis frondes defen- 
 dite nostras, Ov. M. 9, J8j: the w.s 
 which he inflicted on the state, the same 
 he cured, quae reipublicae vulnera im«
 
 W O D N D 
 
 W K EC K 
 
 \v li ^. T < H i; D L ir 
 
 nonebat eadetn ille sanabat, Cic. Fin. 4. 
 24, 66. 2. plaga (a blow meant to 
 injure) : to injltct a deadly iv., niorti- 
 feram plagam infligert?, id. Vat. 8, 20 : 
 !•■ i g. : this w. is less painful from a 
 friend, haec plaga levior est ab aniico, 
 'id. Fam. 9, 16. 7. 3. ulcus, eris, n. 
 {sorf from, a v;.) : unhealed w.s, incurala 
 ulcera, Hor. Kp. i, 16, 24. 4. cica- 
 trix, icis. /. (scar): to shotv his w.s in 
 front, cicatrices adversas ostendeie, Cic. 
 de ©r. 2, 28. 124 : to reopen a w. already 
 closed, rcfricare oMuctam jam cicalri- 
 cem, id. Agr. }, 2, 4. . 
 
 wound ( I') •• 1. vulnero. I (to in- 
 flict a i>:) . let no man w. any one be- 
 fore he see Induciomarus slain, neu 
 quis quein vulneret priu>quain Indu- 
 clomarum inleifecium viderit, Caes. 
 B. G. 5. 58 : /i« u w.'d in the face by a 
 fling, in adversum os fuiida vulneratur, 
 ib. M • to be w.'d by the edge of the steel, 
 acie ferri vulnerari, Cic. Seat. 10, 24: 
 tin's might v.'. the feelings of men, viro- 
 riim hoc aiiimos vulnerare posset, Llv. 
 J4, 1- 2. sauclo. I (to render disabled, 
 to put hors de combat ; stronger than 
 vulnero) : Rubrius is tv.'d in Vie meUe, 
 Kubrius in turba sauciatur, Cic. Verr. 
 I, 26, 67. Fig.: the words are keen; 
 they IV. reputation, aculeata sunt ; fara- 
 am sauciant, PI. Bac. i, 1, so. 3. 
 
 laedo, si, sum, j (to hurt , lit. and fig.) ; 
 if he has w.'d rione, si neminem laesit, 
 Cic. Mur. 40. 87. 4. offendo, di, sum, 
 } (to offernl) : to w. any one's feelings, 
 offende're cujusquam animum, Cic. Fam. 
 0, 16, 6. Phr. : they do not v.\ man, 
 bominem non vulnore laedunt. Ov. M. 
 4, 602: severely iv.'d by foHune. for- 
 tunae gravissimo percussus vulnere.Cic. 
 Acad. I, ?, II. 
 
 wounded : saucius : we see the w. 
 carried of the field, videmus ex acie 
 i-fferri saiicios, Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, j8; some 
 of us w. by Vie deadly bite, pars de iiol)is 
 lunesto saucia morsu, Ov. M. 11, j"}: 
 w. feelings, saucius animus, Cic. Att. i, 
 17, I : saucius means w. nearly to Vie 
 death, or deeply hurt : vulneratus (v. 
 TO woCNu), struck by a weapon, having 
 a wound inflicted, whether slight or 
 severe. 
 woven; v. to weave. 
 wrangle: 1. ■''xo'', i, dep. . one 
 man w.s about a trifle, alter rixatur de 
 lana caprina, Hor. Ep. i, 18, 15. 2. 
 
 N'. I). 2, 47, 120. 6. tSgc, ^>- ctiini, } did the tea te. ships and shipmen on the 
 (by wa'i/ of protection) : with this same , rucks, nee apqii.na laedebant naves id 
 
 hood 1 w. me up if it rains, e.jdem 
 tegillo tectus es^ soleo si pluit, I'l. Kud. 
 2, 7, 19. 7. iii"'rf|Ueo, rsi, turn, 2 (to 
 iviiid tightl'i louiih: w.ing his cloak 
 round his left 01 m, p I"' •n.-nio drcum 
 laevum braeliiiim intL.ri.j, Liv. 25, 16, 
 ad fm. 
 
 wrapper : 1. invSlucrum : the w. 
 (case) of a shield, involucrum cllpei, 
 Cic. .N'. I'). 2, 14, J7- 2. tfgumentum: 
 w.s for the body, woven or seicn, tegu- 
 nienta corporum vel texta vel suta, Cic. 
 N. I). 2, 60, 150. 3. sagum (cloal.) : 
 a w.fasten':d by a brooch, sagum fibula 
 consertum, Tac. Germ. 17. 4 tui.ica 
 (poet.) : you (my book) will supply w s 
 for m.ai:kerel, scombris tunicas dabis. 
 Mart. 4, 87, 8. 
 
 wrath : '""a' iracundia, bilis, st6- 
 machus ; v. anger. Phr.: he flamed 
 
 saxa viro>que. I.ucr. 5, 999. Phr.; 
 many have been w.'d, uiulti naufragia 
 fetenint, Cic. Kam. 16, 9, i. 
 
 wrecked: naulragus: he saw .Variut 
 an exile and w., Marium expulsum et 
 naufragum vidit, Cic. Pis. 19, 45:0 10. 
 ship, naufraga (uippls, Ov. H. 2, 16. 
 Fig.: u company of w. men, naufra- 
 gorum niaim.s Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24. 
 
 wren : u-guluo: Aucl. Carm. Phil. ij. 
 
 wrench (f.) ■• 1. Intorqueo, rsi, 
 turn, 2 : to w. the ankle, talum intor- 
 quere, Auct, B. Hi»p. }8. 2. extor- 
 queo . to w. out (disbxate) a joint, arti- 
 culum ext.. Sen. : v. to spkai.s. 
 
 wrench (subs.) .- v. .-i-itAix. 
 
 wrest: 1. e.Miirqueu, rsi, turn, l: 
 the dayye.r was w.'d from your hands, 
 tibi sica de manlbus extorta est. Cic. Cat. 
 I, 6, 16 -.tow.a sentence from the judge* 
 
 out with passionate iv., exarsit iracundia by force of language, ext. senteniias de 
 
 et stomacho, Cic. Verr. 2. 20, 48 : to be manil)us judicum vi quadam orationis. 
 
 in hot w.. excandescere, Cic. : he swells id. Or. 2, 18, 74 from whom my pleasure 
 
 and glmvs with w., lurgescit vitrea bilis, is thus w.d, cui sic e.\torta voluptas, 
 
 iratus, ira incensus: v. 
 
 Pers. ?, 8. 
 wrathful ; 
 
 ANGRY. 
 
 Wrathfully: 1. irate: Phaedr. 
 
 2. iracunde : Cic. : v. angrily. 
 
 wreak : I* h r. : to tv. vengeance on ' 
 
 any one. aliquem ulcisci ac persequi, 
 
 Cic. : each w.'d a sanguinary vengeawe. 
 
 se quisque ultione et sanguine cxple- 
 
 bant Tac. A. 4, 2;: nor would he w. for the worse, detorqucre veTbuta in pe- 
 HI iMiocent hostages, nefiue ' jus. Sen. Phr.: to w. the sense, male. 
 
 Hor. Kp. 2. 2, Ijg. 2. torqueo (hg.) . 
 to v:. e eery thing for the adoantage of 
 his own cause, omnia torquere ad suae 
 causae commodum, Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 46. 
 3. detorqueo : to produce suspicion 
 and hatred by slandering and vj.ing ttte 
 meaning of everything, calumnlatido 
 omnia <let<jrquendoque suspecta et in- 
 visa eEHcere, Liv. 42.42; to 10. a trorcL 
 
 x-engeance on 
 
 se in obsides innoxios saeviturum, Liv. 
 
 28, 14. 
 
 wreath: \. Something twutea or 
 curled: 1, volumcn, inis, n.: w.s of 
 black smoke, nigri volumina fuml, Ov. 
 M. u. 601. 2. vertex, icis, m. : a w. 
 of fire, igneus vertex, Lucr. 6, 298. 3. 
 tortus, us : a serpent with manifold w.s. 
 
 perverse interpietari, Cic 
 
 wrestle : lu'tor, i : mi) will w. 
 at olympia, luclabiiur Olympiis Milo, 
 Cic. Fat. ij, 30: to w. (conttnJ) and 
 cope with you. tecum luctari et congrcdi, 
 
 id. SuU. 16, 47: v. TO STRIVE, TO COS- 
 TEND. 
 
 «,.v..=, -.,. v....^.-.. wrestler: 1. luctator: he is a 
 
 tortu"' nmuTpTicabili draco, poet., Cic' crafty it'., luctator dolosus est. Pi. Ps. 5. 
 Tusc 2 9, 22. Or e.xpr. by adj.: w.s ; 1, 5 : a w. thrice thrown has lost Vie 
 of flame, * tortae flammae. ||. A gar- \ palm, lucUitor ter abjecius perdidit pai- 
 land : 1. scrtum (in plur.) : they 
 
 twine fragrant w.s round their temples, 
 odoratis inneclunt tempera sertis, Ov. 
 Tr. ?, }, }. 2. corona • w.t twined 
 of linden, nexae philyris coronae, Hor. 
 Od. I, j8, 2. 3. corolla: a plaited w., 
 corolla plectilis, PI. Bac. i, 1, J7- 4. 
 torquis, is, m. and /em. : the altars decked 
 
 mam. Sen. Ben. 5, }. 2. aihleta (w. 
 or athlete in public gam4:s) : when he 
 saiv the w.s jrraclising, quuni atblei.is se 
 exercentes viderct, Cic. de Sen. 9. 27. 
 
 wrestling: 1. luciatio: there 
 
 can be no w. without an adveisary, sine 
 adversario nulla luctatio est. Cic. FaL t}, 
 }o: with the .Academicians it is a ic. in 
 
 altercor, i, dep. : we sit idle, w.ing like arae, Virg. G. 4, 276: v. garland. 
 
 with woven w.s. nexis ornatae torquibus , the dark, for they assert positively no- 
 
 woniai, sedemus desides, mulierum ritu 
 inter nos altercantes, Liv. }, 68. 3. 
 jurgo, I : how ivill he w. with you f 
 quid jurgabit tecum? Ter. Aiidr. 2, i, 
 
 15 : v. To ytlARRtL. 
 
 wrangling: 1. rixa: discipline 
 was destroyed by disputes or w.s, cor- 
 rupta jurgiis aut rixis disciplina, Tac. 
 H. 2, 27. 2. altercatio : then ensued 
 not only a sharp debate but even a w., 
 magna ibi non dlsceptatio modo se<l 
 etiam altercatio fuit, Liv. j8, }2. 3. 
 jurgium : whetwe arise evil w.s. evil 
 words, abuse, ex quibus jurgia, male- 
 dicta, contumeliae gigimntur, Cic. Am. 
 
 21, 78 : V. yOARREL (subs.). 
 
 wrap : 1. involvo, vi, fitum, J ; 
 they w. their cloaks round their left 
 arms, islnistras sagis Involvnnt, Caes. 
 B. C. 75 : he is w.'d in smoke, invol- 
 vitur lumo, Ov. M. 2, 2J2. 2. fb- 
 volvo ; having w.'d up his arm in 
 woollen bandages, brachio lanis fasciis- 
 que obvolutii, Suet. Dom. 17: are you 
 to w. up your fault in fair words t 
 verbis decoris obvolvas vitium ? Hor. S. 
 2,7, 42. 3. ainicio, icui or ixi, ictum, 4 : 
 the cloak in which he was w.'d, pallium 
 quo amictus, Cic. de Or. j, }2, 127 : 
 whatever is w.'d up in trashy paper, 
 quicquid chartis amicitur ineptis, Hor. 
 Ep. 2, I, 270. 4. ^elo, I (to veil) : 
 with head close w.'d, capite velato, Cic. 
 N. I). 2, J, 10: w.'d in a purple robe, 
 purpurea velatus veste, Ov. i\. 2, 2j. 
 5. obdiico, xi, ctum, } (to draw 
 over) : with his cloak w.'d tightly round 
 him. obducta veste, Tac. A. 4, 70: the 
 trunks of trees are w.'d in bark or rind, 
 tmnci obducimtur libro aut cortice, Cic. 
 
 wreathe : 1. torqueo, rsi, tum, 2 : 
 he w.s his scaly rings in circling coUs, 
 ille volubilibus squamosos nexibus or- 
 bes torquet, Ov. M. j. 42 2. con- 
 volve, vi, vOiutum, J : the snake v>.ing 
 his body, anguis convolvens terga, Virg. 
 G. J, 426. 3. sero, ui, rtum, i (in 
 pass, part.): w.d chaplets, sertae coro- 
 nae, Lucan 10, 164. 4. necto, xui and 
 xi, ctum, J (to bind round) : their heads 
 will be w.d ivith olive, caput nectentur 
 oliva, Virg. Aen. ;, jog. Phr.; Alecto, 
 her neck w.d with ripers, Alecto tor- 
 quata colubris, Ov. H. 2, 119: the w.d 
 snakes of the Furies' locks, intorti ca- 
 pillis Eumenidum angues, Hor. Od. 2, 
 
 wreck (subs.): \. Qf a ship: 
 
 naufragium; to peiish by w., naufragio 
 perire, Cic. Deiot. 9, 25 : the n: (frag- 
 mevis of the i-hip) covers the sea, nau- 
 fragimn operit freta, Sil. to, J2J. Phr.: 
 )/ he siiims out from a n:, si fractis 
 enatat navibus, Hor. A. P. 20. ||. 
 Fig.: breaking up, ruin : 1. nau- 
 fragium : the w. of one's fortunes, nau- 
 fragium fortunarum, Cic. Rab. perd. 9, 
 2;. 2. ruina: v. ruin. Phr.: 
 
 should the w. of the world fall on him, 
 si fractus illabatur orbis. Hor. Od. j. }, 
 8 : the w. of former greatness, *reliquiae 
 pristini splendoris. 
 
 wreck (w-) •• 1. frango, fregi, frac- 
 tum, i (to break): many ships benig 
 w.'d, compluribus navibus fractis, Caes. 
 B. G. 4, 29: all my fortunes were w.'d, 
 omnis res niea fracta est, Hor.S. 2, ?, 19. 
 2. illido, si, sum, ; (to dash upon) : 
 to w. m the shadows, illidere vadis, Virg. 
 Aen. I, 112. 3. l*edo, si, sum, ? . nor 
 
 thing, cum Academicis incert-i l.e^t, qui 
 nihil affirmant, id. Fin. 2, 14, 4}. 2. 
 luctatus, us : I'lin. 3. lucta tpoet.) ; 
 the contest (if w.. certamen luctae, Aus. 
 9}. 7. 4, luctamen (p<iet ) : strug- 
 gling : Virg. Aen. 8, 89. P h r. : a ic.- 
 scfwol, palaestra, Cic: PI.: Ter.: the 
 director of a w.-school, palaestrita, Cic. 
 
 wretch: 1. ""se"" (»" P''!')" *« 
 Idsses Vie door, poor w., toribus miser 
 oscula tigit, Lucr. 4, 117;. 2. ne- 
 quam (vile w.) : you are a rascal and a 
 w., mains et ne<iuam es, PI. Asin. 2, 2, 
 59- 3. perditus (abandoned IC.) ; you 
 most aUuidoned w., tu omnium mor- 
 taliuui iH-rtiiiisjime, Cic. Verr. ', 26, 65. 
 
 wretched: 1. miser: a w. and 
 unhappy man, homo miser alque infelix, 
 Cic: w.. unhappy, suffering, miser, in- 
 felix, aenmniosus, Cic. : he sufers front 
 w. ambition, misera ambitlone laburat, 
 Hor. S. I, 4, 26: a w. (icorthltss) strain 
 on grating straw, stridcnti misenim 
 stipula carmen, Virg. K. j, 27. 2. 
 mlst-rabllis, e (pitiabU): a w. sight, 
 miserabllis a^pectus, Cic Phil. 2, 29, "j}. 
 3. fleblli.s e (causing tears): a 
 miseiahle and w. appearance, misera el 
 flebilis si>ecios,Cic PhiL n, }, 7 : >"• t'K" 
 
 HAPrV, WOEHL, POOR. 
 
 wretchedly: 1. ^'^'^^l. "^ 
 
 anxious to yet aicay, misere discedere 
 quaerens, Hor. S. i, 9.8 2. mlsfr- 
 abiliter : to die w., ni. eniori, Cic. Tu>c 
 I, 40, 9;. 3. male (qualifying things, 
 the exc<-8s of which is bad): / am w. 
 afraid, male metuo, Ter. Hec }, 2. 2 
 1/'. hoarse, rauci male, Hor. S. i, 4, 66. 
 The superl. may sometimes express w. 
 with an adj.: to. poor mendicissimua, 
 Cic 
 
 9S9
 
 "WKETCHEDNESS 
 
 W i; I T I N G 
 
 WRONGFULLY 
 
 wretchedness : 1. mlsgria : 
 
 where virtue is, there w. and utUr misery 
 cannot be, ubi virtusest, ibi esse miseria 
 et aerumna noii potest, Cic. Fin. 5. J2, 
 95 : the w. (pooerty) of the comnums in- 
 creased evei-y day, indies miseiiae plebis 
 crescebant, Liv. 6, J4. 2. aerumna : 
 w. is distressful so^tow, aerumna est 
 aegritudo laboriosa, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18. 
 3, figestas {bitter poverty) : porerty 
 or rather w. and beggary, paupertas vel 
 potius egestas ac mendicitas, Cic. Parad. 
 
 61 1 1 45 ' V. MISKRV. 
 
 wriggle ; lorqueor, tortor, sinnor : v. 
 TO wRiTHK. Phr. ; w.ing turns, *si- 
 nuosi flexus. 
 
 Wright: opifex, artlfex, faber: w. 
 occurs chiefly in compounds; where 
 a Latin a/ij. would specify the craft : 
 e.g. * faber plaustrarius, a wheeL-w. 
 
 wring : 1. torqueo, rsi, turn, 2 : 
 a bitter taste will w the mouths of those 
 who try it, ora tentantum torquebit 
 amaror, Virg. G. 2, 247 : / am wrung 
 (with anxiety) nii/ht and day, equidem 
 dies noctesijue lorqueor, Cic. Att. 7, 9, 4. 
 2. crucio, I (to torture); bodies 
 wrung with dire torments, cruciata diris 
 corpora tormentis, Ov. M. }, 694. Phr. : 
 to w. towels dry, 'aquam lintels ex- 
 primere to w. the neck, *colium obtor- 
 tDm frangere: [c. torquere, Liv. 4, $j, 
 and c. obtorqnere, Cic. Clu. 21, 59, is 
 something milder, to drag off forcibly 
 by the neck'\ ; c. frangere, to Irreak the 
 neck by hanging. Sail. C. 55. 
 
 from : extorqueo v. to extort. 
 
 wrinkle: ruga : grey hairs, w.s, cam, 
 rugae, Cic. Sen. 18.62: old age furrows 
 your brow with, w.s, rugis Iroiitem sen- 
 ectus exarat, Hor. Epod. 8.4. Phr.: 
 when you, liave more w.s on your brow 
 than creases in your dress, rugosiorem 
 cum geras stola frontem, Man. j, yj, j : 
 to make full of w.s, corrugare, Hor. 
 
 wrinkled : 1. rugo>us : w. cheeks, 
 rugosae genae, Ov. Am. I, 8. 1 1 2. 2. 
 rugalus . w. (marked as untli w.s) sheUf, 
 rugatae concharum testae, Plin. Phr.: 
 the north wind that makes the apphs w., 
 aquiloiiis ;ifll.itus poma deturpans rugis, 
 Plin. i;, 16 18. 
 
 wrist: "" single word In class. 
 writers : Celsus e.xplains the Greek 
 Kaprroi by prima palniae pars: *carpus: 
 Anat. Phr.: edged with fringe at the 
 u)., ad manus fimbriatus, Suet. Caes. 45. 
 
 writ: \. Anything written : Phr.: 
 Boly Id: • litterae, ganctae, divinae ; 
 corpus litterarum sanctarum (the whole 
 Bible); biblia sacra, scripiurae sacrae : 
 all these phrases are of course uiiclassical. 
 and more or less modern. ||. A legal 
 instrument conferring authority : man- 
 datum, praescriptum (order): auctoritas 
 (warrant) : litterae (letter of appoint- 
 ment) : c(. Suet Vesp. 8. Phr. : to issue 
 a w.for the appreliension of a criminal, 
 *edere litteras ut maleficus comprehen- 
 datur 
 
 write : 1. scribo, psi, ptum, j : 
 when letters are written with a pen in a 
 book, quom in libro scribuntur calamo 
 litterae, PI. Ps. 1, 5, i ji : w. this song 
 on Ike middle column, hoc carmen media 
 scribe columna. Prop. 4, 7, 8} : Aufidius 
 was w.ing a drecian history, Aufidius 
 Graecara scribeb.it histuriam, Cic. Tusc. 
 5, i8, 112- V!h() could rv. worthily of 
 Mars f quis Maitem digne scripserit ? 
 Hor. Od. I, 6, 14. a letter carefully 
 written, epistula perdiligenter scripta, 
 Cic. Alt. I, 11, i: with infin. 01 in- 
 formation : he w.s that he xvill come, 
 scribit se affore, Caes. B. G. 5, 48: with 
 relat. clause : iv. to me what you are 
 doing, scribe ad me quid agas, Cfc. Fam. 
 7, 12, 2 : to w. an order to dio, by subj., 
 with or without ut: to w. me wirrd to 
 come, scribere ad me ut vcairem, id. At t. 
 II, 7, 2: he w.s to Labienus to come, 
 scribit Ijableno veniat, Caes. U.^. 5, 46. 
 absol.. to lie an author : he wlinm no one 
 has excelled m wing, ille quo nerio in 
 3crib<^ndo praestaiitior full, Cic. Rep. 2, 
 II, 21. 2. coiisciibi) (to draw up in 
 w.ing) : a book written about his consitU 
 ihip and acts, liber de consulutu et de 
 960 
 
 rebus gestis suis conscriptus, Cic. Brut. 
 J5, IJ2: pages im-itten in a beautiful 
 hand, tabellae lepida conscriptae maiiu, 
 PI. Ps. I, I, 28. 3. pei-sciibo (to w. 
 in full, w. out) : he w.s of what had 
 been done, rem gestam perscribit, Caes. 
 B. G. 5, 47 : my brother has written out 
 your speech, frater meus twam orationem 
 perscripsit, Cic. Fam. 5. 4, 2. 4. c- 
 scribo (to copy as an extract) : I w. out 
 the inscriptions in the forum, tabulas 
 in foro exscribo. Cic. Verr. 2, 77, 189. 
 5, transcribo (to w. from, one book 
 into anoOier) : the will written into 
 another set of tablets, testamentum in 
 alias tabulas transcriptum, Cic. Clu. 14, 
 41. 6. desciibo (to copy, or to w. 
 down plainly) : BcUbus icrote to me 
 that he had written out my fifth book, 
 De Finibus, Balbus scripsit ad me se 
 quintum De Finibus librum descripsisse, 
 C"ic. Att. I J, 21, 4: the songs which I 
 have toritten on tlte bark of the beech, 
 quae in cortice fagi carmina descripsi, 
 Virg. E. 5, 14. 7. rescribo (to iv. 
 again, w. back) : to w. over again anil 
 correct, rescribere et corrigere. Suet. 
 Caes. 56: to your morning letter [wrote 
 answer at once yesterday, antemeri- 
 dianis tuis litt«ris heri statim rescripsi, 
 Cic. Att. I ?, 2;, I. Phr.: tow. a care- 
 less hand, *negligenter exarare litteras 
 (Kr.) : tow.a good hand, lepidis Uteris 
 conscribere, PI. Ps. i, i, 28: I got your 
 Irtter written in an unstea/iy hand, 
 accept tuam epistolam vacillantibus Ijt- 
 terulis, Cic. Fam. 16, 15, 2 : I wrote these 
 few lines, hoc litterularum exaravi, Cic. 
 Att. 12, I, I : / write this at Rome. 
 dabam Romae, Cic. : to w. (publish) 
 against anyone, *contraaliquem libruin 
 edere ; to put thoughts in w.ing, mandare 
 littt-rts cogi tationes, Cic. ■ to w. dovm in 
 short hand, notis excipere velocissime, 
 Suet. Tit. J : there is w. evidencefor this, 
 exstat hoc, memoriae traditum est, Cic. 
 
 writer : 1. scripior : OiphHus 
 
 Crassus' w. (secretary) and, reader, 
 DipliilusCrassi scriptor et lector, Cic. de 
 Or. I, }o, i;6: tlie w.s and teachers on 
 the liberal arts must be read, bonarnm 
 artiiim scripiores et doctores legendi, 
 ibid. I, {4, i;8: a most elegant and 
 polished w., veniistissimus scriptor et 
 politissimus, id. Or. 9, 29. 2. scriba 
 (a public w., clerk) : these w.s are an 
 honourable class, for to their integrity 
 the public accounts are entrusted, scriba- 
 riim ordo est boiiestus, quod eorum 
 homiimni fidei tabellae publicae com- 
 mitiuiitur, Cic. Verr. }, 79, l8j: v. 
 CLF.BK, COPYIST. 3. auctor (author) : 
 the w. of the Alexandrine tvar is uncer- 
 tain. Belli Alexandrini incertus auctor 
 est. Suet. Caes. 56 : w.s whom I am now 
 often reading, auctores quos nunc lec- 
 tito, Cic. Alt 12, 18, I. The writer of a 
 particular document is perhaps more 
 often expressed by a periphrjisis with 
 the verb : the w. of this letter, qui banc 
 epistolam scripsit, conscripsit. 
 
 writiie : 1. tortor, i dep. : you 
 will se-- aU the parts tv.ing with the 
 fresh wound, omnia cemes recenti vul- 
 nere tortari, Lucr. j, 661. 2. lor- 
 
 queor, 2 dep. : that the wise man cannot 
 be happy when he is w.ing under the rack, 
 noil posse sapienteni beatum esse quum 
 eculeo torqueatur, Cic. Fin. ?. i ?. 42. 
 
 writing: \. Act of writing : \. 
 scriptio : soreness of the eyes ivhich hin- 
 ders my w., lippitudo quae impediat 
 scriptionem meam, Cic. Att. 10, 17, 2 
 nothing is so useful for speaking as w., 
 nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit 
 quantum scriptio, id. Brut. 24, 92. 
 2. scriptiSra constant and diligent 
 w., assiilua ac dilignns scriptura, Cic. de 
 Or. I, jj, 150. II, The thing written: 
 1. scriptum: when the meaning 
 of the writer seems to disagree with 
 the actual iv., quum videtiir scriptoiis 
 voluntas eura scripto ipso dissentire, 
 Auct. Hi'r. I, II. 19 the iv.s of Lwcil- 
 ius, scripta Lucili, H'^r. S. 1, 10, ;6. 
 2. scriptfira . that the w. might 
 not perish ivith the poet, ne cum poeta 
 scriptura evanesceret, Ter. Hec. prol. 
 
 alt. 5. 3. tabiilae, arum (documents) : 
 w.s in Greek characters, tabulae Graecis 
 litteris confectae, Caes. B. G. i, 29. 4. 
 charta (paper) .- I fear lest my very w. 
 may betray me, charta ipsa ne nos pro- 
 dat pertimesco, Cic. Att. 2, 20. Misc. 
 Phrr. : Wte art of w., ars scribendi, 
 Cic. : * ars scriptoria (Ruhn.) : love 
 of w., scribendi alacritas, Cic. Att. 
 16, J : a w.-case, scrinium : Hor. : w.- 
 ink, * scriptorium atramentum, Cels. : 
 a w.-pen, calamus scriplorius, Cels. ; 
 calamus fissipes, Aus. Ep. 7, 49: *pen- 
 na scriptoria (late) : v. pen : w.-paper, 
 * charta scriptoria (Kr.) : w.- tablet, 
 codicilli, orum : Cic: pugillares, ium: 
 Suet.: Plin.: a w.-desk, *mensa scrip- 
 toria (Kr.): a w.-master, *magi8ter 
 artis scribendi, artis scriptoriae magis- 
 ter (Kr.). 
 
 wrong (odj-) •• 1. pravus (having 
 a false direction ; opp. to rectus) : than 
 which nothing can be more w., quo nihil 
 pravius esse potest, Cic. Tusc. j, }}, 80 : 
 things base and w., turpia et prava, Juv. 
 14, 41. 2. perversus : bad arid w., 
 pravum et perversum, Cic. Rose. Com. 
 10, JO. 3. falsus (false, mistaken) : 
 
 that is altogether %v., falsum est id 
 totum, Cic. Hep. 2, ic, 28: the mind 
 prone to w., acclinis falsis animus, Hor. 
 S. 2, 2, 6. 4. alienus (unsuitable) .- 
 
 they engage in a w. place, alieno loco 
 praelium committunt, Caes. B. G. i, 15. 
 6. vitiosus (faulty) : a w. com- 
 parison, exemplum vitiosum, Auct. 
 Her. 2, 29. 46. 6. injustus (unju,st) : 
 how w. that was towards his country 
 he did not see, id quam injustum in 
 patriam esset non videbat, Cic. Off. }, 
 21, 82. 7. iniquus: wliat is more 
 
 w. or more shameful than this? quid 
 hoc iniquius aut indignius? Cic. Quint. 
 2, 8. Phr.: wrong measure: * men- 
 sura iniqua, non justa: cf. Liv. 5, 
 48,_^ra. ; to form a w. conclusion, vitiose 
 concludere, Cic. Acad. 2, ?o, 98 : to be w. 
 (of persons) : errare : she took the w. 
 road, erravit via, Virg. Aen. 2, 7^9 : 
 yi/u are wholly w., tola erras via, Ter. 
 Eun. 2, 2, 14: / had sooner be w. with 
 Plato Oian right ivith your others, errare 
 malo cum Platone quam cum istis vera 
 sentire. Cic. Tusc. i, 17, jq : we may be 
 w., but how could a yod be w. f possu- 
 mus falli ; deus falli qui potuit ? id. 
 N. D. J, ji, 76; whom the Egyptians 
 think it lo. to name, quern Aegyptii 
 nefas habent nominare, ibid. 22, s6. 
 
 wrong (subs.) : 1. ngfas, inded, 
 
 (a sill against all laws d,im.nc and 
 human): right and w. are reversed, fas 
 versum atque nefas, Virg. G. i, 505. 
 2. injuria : those w.s which are in- 
 flicted wilfully with intent to damage, 
 illae injuriae quae nocendi causa de in- 
 dustria inferuntur, Cic. Off. i. 7, 24: to 
 avenge w.s, injurias ulcisci, Caes. B. G. 
 1,12. to avert a w., injuriam propulsare, 
 
 Cic. : V. INJUSTICE, INJUKT. 
 
 wrong (w) •■ no one Latin verb is 
 the exact counterpart : 1. laedo, si, 
 sum, J (to hurt ; the context determines 
 the hurt to be a wrong) : it is a property 
 of the human heart that you hate one 
 whom you have w.'d, propriimi est 
 humani ingenii odisse quern laeseris, 
 Tac. Agr. 42. 2. fraudo, 1 (to de- 
 fraud) : hetvho has w.'d and deceived a 
 partner, qui socium fraudaritet fefellerit, 
 Cic. Rose. Com. 6, 17. Phr.: it is 
 foreign to a wise 7nan's nature not only 
 to w. any, but even to damage any, 
 alienum a sapiente est non modo inju- 
 riam cui facere, veriira etiam nocere, 
 Cic. Fin. ?, 21. 71 : to w. a man, injuriam 
 ( ui inferre, Cic. : he w.s himself, ipsus 
 sibi injurius est, Ter. Iw. Iiomitius in 
 comparing him ivith Castor, inique 
 Castorem cum Domitlo comparo, Cic. 
 Deiot. 7, }i. 
 
 wrong-doer: 1. maigficus: Cic 
 
 2. malefactor : Pi. : v. halef^actob, 
 
 CRIMINAL. 
 
 wrongful : injus(u.«, injurlosus, ini- 
 quus : V. UN.irST. 
 
 Wi"0nKfull>': injuste, injiiriose, jid« 
 que : v. unjustlt.
 
 W K (J N G L Y 
 
 YEARLY 
 
 YEOMAN 
 
 wrongly: 1. male (badly): he 
 tuUl act altogether w., faciei otnnino 
 male, Cic. Alt. 9, 10, 4. tlie wheels w. 
 ( looliihly) wiihedfiir, maleoplati axes, 
 dv. M. I, 148. 2. p'TpC-ram: whether 
 riyhtly or w., seu recte seu perjKTam, 
 Cic.Quini. 8, 25. 3. prave: putting 
 things d/me rightli/ among guod aclians, 
 tilings done w. among liad, recte facta in 
 bonis actionibus ponens. prave in malis, 
 Cic. Acad. I, 10, ?■;. 4. fa'so (e'^o- 
 neinisli/): when Tanimnius was w. said 
 to 6e oZiw, quiim Tarqiiinius vivere falso 
 diceretur, Cic. Kep. 2, 21, 58. 5. 
 
 Tiaose {faultily) : / have inferred w., 
 vitiobC conclusi. Cic. Acad. 2, Jo, q8. 
 
 wroth: iratus, iracundus. v. angry. 
 
 wrought : factus, confectus : v. To 
 
 MAKE, TO WOKK. 
 
 wry : 1. distortus : «'. faces, dis- 
 torti vultus, Quint, legs groum an'ri/, 
 dtstorta cnira, Hor. S. i. j. 41. 2. 
 obstipus : all things must tf. w.. omnia 
 fieri ot/stipa neces.se est. Lucr. 4, ?l6 : 
 with head awry, obstipo caplte, Hor. 
 S. 2, 5. 92. 3. pravus : limbs that 
 
 had gyinvn out awry, elapsi in pravum 
 anus. Tac. H. 4, 81. I'hr. . the hitter 
 taste will cause a w. face, amaror tor- 
 quebic ora, Virg. G. 2, 247 : Fufius ivii- 
 tat^s tlie w. faces of Fimbria, Fiifius 
 Fimbriae oris pravitatem imitatur, Cic. 
 de Or. 2, 22,91. 
 
 Wrr-neck (a bird) .- iynx. yngis,/. : 
 Plin. : *i.vnx ur junx torqnilla; l.inn. 
 
 WryneSS : pravilas : w., distortion, 
 defect of ^hape in the limbs, menibrorum 
 pravita,s, di^turtio, deformitas, Cic. Tusc. 
 
 wych-elm : *ulmus scabra : Linn. 
 
 Y. 
 
 YACHT : priva navis, triremis, 
 celox, etc. : according to the 
 nature of the vessel ; but the varieties 
 of rig do not correspond to those of mo- 
 dern ships : the poor man in his hired 
 boat is as sick as the rich man in his 
 trireme yacht, pauper conducto naWgio 
 aeque nauseat ac locuples quern ducit 
 priva triremis, Hor. Ep. i, i, 92. 
 
 yam : "dioscorea Linn. 
 
 yard: I. ^ court: 1, area: o 
 y. before a house, area domus, Plin. Kp. 
 6, 20, 4. 2. cobors, lis,/.; (written 
 also cors and chors in this sense) the y. 
 in which the fowls stray about, cohors 
 per quam vagantur gallinae. Col. 8, j : 
 the fowls of the y., cortis avcs, Mart. 
 U. 45. 2. II. A measure: *ulna : 
 
 approximately, where great exactness is 
 not needed : with a gown six y.s long, 
 cum bis ler uliiarum toga, Hor. Epod. 4, 
 8. I'hr. : a shu:ld a y. long, parma 
 tripedalis, Liv. j8, 21. |||. A sail- 
 
 yard: antenna: the ropes which bound 
 the 3/.S to the masis, luiies qui antennas 
 ad malos destinabant, Caes. B. G. j, 14: 
 thf tips of the sail-clad y.s, cornuu vela- 
 tarum antennarum, Virg. Aen. }, 549. 
 
 yarn: |, Lit.: 1. *linum ne- 
 tum (linen y.) : Ulp. 2- 'lana ngla 
 (woollen y.) : Ulp. Or use Blum lini, 
 lanae. ||. Fig. : o long story fabiila 
 
 longa : V. TALK. 
 
 yawl ; perb. lembus, scapha : mo- 
 dem distinctions in boats and ships do 
 not correspond to ancient 
 
 yawn ("■) ■ 1. oscito, l (to open 
 the VTMuth in weariness, etc.) : he y.s im- 
 mediately on reaching the threshold of 
 his villa, oscitat extemplo tetlgit quum 
 limina villae, Lucr. j, io";8 : to y. too 
 Untdly, Clare nimis et sonore osc, Gell. 
 4, 20. 2. oscitor, 1, d'p. : how he 
 
 stretches and ys, iit pandiculans osci- 
 tatur, PI. Men. 5, 2, 80. 3, hio, i 
 (to gape, open vnde) : vast caverns y.. 
 vasti specus biant, Plin. J4, •], 18 : the 
 sicelling waves y., timientes biant un- 
 dae, Lucan 5, 641. 4. dghisco, hivi 
 (in the inf. dehisse), j : the y.ing sea 
 opens to view the ground beticeen Uie 
 waves, unda debiscens terram inter 
 
 fluctns aperlt, Virg. Aen. i, 106. Phr. : 
 he detceruis into the y.ing chasm, de- 
 Kendit in biatum, Cic. Off. i, 9, }8 : a 
 cave of vast and y.ing mouth, spelunca 
 vasto'imnianis hiatu, Virg. Aen. 6, 2}^- 
 
 yawn (*«^*-) •■ osciiatio: Plin. 
 
 ye : vos. 
 
 yea; I. in assent: v. yes. ||, 
 
 In enforcing wliat precedes ; often 
 Joined with more or ralhrr : inimo, im- 
 mo etiam ; quin, quin eiiani; quin po- 
 
 tiUS: V. NAY. 
 
 yean : pario, enitor : V. TO BKAR, TO 
 
 BKING KOKTH. 
 
 year : annus : Hamulus fixed that 
 there i^hould be ten months in his y., 
 Romulus in anno consiituit menses 
 quinque bis esse suo, Ov. F. T, 27 : no 
 one is so old that he does not think he 
 may live a y., nemo est lam senex qui 
 se annum non putel posse vivere: Cic. 
 Sen. ■;, 24: at tlie beginning of the y., 
 anno incipiente, ineunte ; anni prin- 
 cipio, exordio, initio: Cic: Liv.: at the 
 end of the y., anno exeunte, desinente, 
 e.\plet<), circvmiacto . Cic: Liv. S- me 
 catesofannus are used adverbially, with- 
 out or with a prep. (I.) Anno : last y. 
 J bought that Jor four minae, quatuor 
 minis emi i>tanc anno, PI. Men. i, }, 22 : 
 II ho have luit now held a senate for 
 almost a y., qui anno jam prope senatum 
 non habuerint, Liv. }, }<), Jin. : tuice a 
 y., bis anni) : Plin. : he died the y. before 
 I vas cejisor, anno ante me censorem 
 mortuus est, Cic. : Cic. adds in wiih nu- 
 merals : thrice a y., ter in anno, Rose Am. 
 46,i;2. (ii.) Annum :/o>ai/Aole3/.t/ie 
 matrons mourned Aim, annum matronae 
 luxernnt eum, Liv. 2, 7: a v. hence, ad 
 annum, Cic. : for a y. : in annum : the 
 command uas prolc/ngedfor a y.. proro- 
 gatum in a. imperiuni est, Liv. 57, 2 : 
 of time past or future : it was done six- 
 teen y.s ago, abliinc annos fuctumst 
 sedecim, PI. : fifteen y.s after, annum 
 post quintum decimum. Liv. The y. be- 
 fore, annus superior, proximus: the y. 
 after, annus sequens, posterns, Cic. : 
 Liv. ■ it is a hundred and ttn y.s since 
 the law vas passed, centum et deom 
 anni sunt quum lata lex est, Cic. Off. 2, 
 21, 7;. In speaking ot age: he is tuenty 
 y.s old, viginli annos natus est, babet, 
 Cic: 1 am more than tveiity y.s old, 
 plus annis viginli natus sum. PI.: Oius 
 dieii iialba, being seventy-three y.s old, 
 bunc exitum habuit G;ilba tribus et 
 septuaginta annis, Tac. H. 1,49: when, 
 being tiyhty y.s old he had gone to 
 Egypt, quum annorum octoginta in 
 Aegyptum ivisset, Nep. Ages, i: I am 
 in my eighty-fourth y., quartum annum 
 ago et octogeslmum, Cic. Sen. 10, J2. 
 Phr.- a half y. : semestre spatium, 
 Plin. : you uill see that that reign could 
 hardly last half a y., intelliges id reg- 
 num vix semestre esse posse, Cic. Alt. 
 10, 8, 7 liio y.s, three y.s, etc. : bien- 
 nium, tricmiium, etc. • he lived five y.s 
 longer : vixit quinquennium postea, Cic. : 
 well stricken in y.s, aetate provectus, 
 Cic. : J at your y.s did not think of love, 
 ego istuc aetatis n^n amori operam 
 dabam, Ter. Heaul. i, i, 48 to wish 
 any one a happy new y., *in novum 
 annum laeta optare alicui et ominari 
 (cf. Plin. Kp. 4, i;, 5) / had necrrly 
 served out my y., annuum tempus prope 
 jam enieritum habebamus, Cic. Att. 6, 
 5. ? ; you have a full y.'s pay, give a 
 full y.'s work, ainiua aera habes. an- 
 nuani operam ede, Liv 5, 4 : / saw that 
 youth every y., Meliboeus, ilium vidi 
 juvencm Meliboee quotaniiis, Virg. E. 
 
 1.4J- 
 
 yearly (<"ij) ■ 1. aimuus (in prose 
 gem-rally loitirig through the year, in 
 poetry, recurring every year, but rarely 
 thus in prose) the y. changes of the 
 S'asous. annuae conmiiitaliones. Cic. Inv. 
 I, 48, 59 offer the y. sacrijices to great 
 I eres, a. magiiae sacra refer Cereri, Virg. 
 G. I. >}8. 2. annlversarius (recur- 
 ring as the year comes round) : y. sacri- 
 jices. a. sacra. Cic. Verr. 4, }<). 84 the 
 swiftness of tlie heavens accomplishing 
 their y. clianges. impetus caeli conh- 
 
 ciens vicisBltudineB a., Cic N. D. 2, }8, 
 97. Phr.: the honour was ina eased 
 lA) the offer of a y. salan/ of Jive hun- 
 dred thousand sesterces, boni.r aurtus 
 est oblalis in singulos annoe quiugenis 
 sestertiis, Tac. A. ij, 14. 
 
 yearly (twit'.): 1. quStannls: the 
 .■Sicilians pay tribute y.. Siculi qw^tan- 
 nls iributa conferunt, Cic Verr 2, 51, 
 l?i. 2. I" singulos annos: v pr<c. 
 
 ait. 3. in singulis annis : t/i< run ^T- 
 forms y. tun journeys from the oijtoiite 
 'ends of heaven, sol blnas in singiiii- an- 
 nis reversiones ab extremo comraiias 
 facit, Cic N. D. 2, 40, 102. 
 
 yearn : dSiJdero, i • what nature 
 wants, seeks, yearns for, quid naiura 
 velit, anquirat, desideret. Cic Am. 24, 
 88: that day and night you may love 
 me, y.for me, dies nocte.'<4Ue me ames, 
 me desideres, Ter. Kun. i, 2. iij. Phr. 
 / //. for the city, me desiderium tenet 
 urbis. (;ic. Earn. 2, 11, i you viU do 
 all that we have so long waited and 
 y.'d Jor, expleiis omiiem exspecta- 
 tloiiem diuturni desideril notitri, id. de 
 Or. I, 47. 205. 
 
 yearning : de.-id?rium to have a 
 passit/nate y for me, desiderlo nostri 
 aestuare, Cic Eani. 7, 18. i: Rome and 
 my home occur to me, and a y.for lite 
 place, Roma domusque subit deslde- 
 riumque locorum, Ov. Tr. j, 2, 21. 
 
 yeast : fermentum ■ brend without 
 y., panis sine fermento, Cels. Fig. 
 take this as y. to make your choler rise, 
 accipe et istud fermentum tibi babe, 
 Juv. J, 188. 
 
 yell (.'■'■)■ 1. *ilulo, I : the priest cf 
 the inspiring mother (lybele) yj, ululat 
 nialris eniheae Gallus, Mart. 5, 41. J. 
 2. ejulo, I (with lain): Heiculei 
 himself on t/etahe had seen yingfrom 
 excess of pain , ipsum Herculem in Oeta 
 viderai niagniiudinedolorum ^ulantem, 
 Cic Tusc. 2, 1, 19. 
 
 yell (subs.) : 1. iiltilatus. us : they 
 shout and raise a y., conclamant et ulii- 
 latum loUiint, Caes. B. G. 5, 37. 2. eju- 
 latio (of pain) : a groan may be per- 
 mitted sometimes to a man, a y. of pain 
 not even to a wotiian, ingemiscere non- 
 nunquam viro concessum est, ejulaiio ne 
 mulieri qiiidem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 2J, 55. 
 Phr.: discordant y.s, dissoni clamores, 
 Liv. 4, 28 ■ cai'M echoing tmth mad y.s, 
 antra ululata luroribus, Stat. Tb. i, }l8. 
 yellow : 1. flatus : the y. stream 
 of himey. fiavus mellls liquor, Lucr. i, 
 957 ; y. corn-fields, flava arva, Virg. G. 
 I, }i6: y. gold, flavum aurum, id. Aen. 
 I, 592 : y. hair, flava coma, Hor. Od. i, 
 5,4. 2. fiavens: a alaesus waters the 
 y. corn-lands, humectat flaventia culta 
 Galaesus, Virg. G. 4, 126. 3. fulvus 
 (lieep y., tau-ny) . y. hair, f. caesuries, 
 Virg. Aen. 11, ^42: y. sand, f. arena, 
 ib. 12, 741. 4. luieus(OT-an<;eye((ou'): 
 a y. paleness, 1. pallor, Hor. Ep. 10, 16; 
 a y. robe, 1. palla, Tib. 1, 7, 46. 6. 
 crSceus (saffron) : y. Jlawers, crocel 
 flores, Virg. G. 4, 109 ay. mantle, c 
 cblamys, id. Aen. II, 775. 6. Wridus 
 (pale y., mostly of things that look 
 ghastly and unpleasant) : y. teeth, luridi 
 denies, Hor. Od. 4, i j, 10. 7. galbanus 
 (gieenish y.) : y. robes, galbana ivesli- 
 menU), Juv. 2, 97. 8. gilvus (etjmo- 
 logically connected with yellow, but 
 applied by Varro and Virgil only to 
 horses). Phr. when the harvest thali 
 be y. with ripe ears, quum maturis Aa- 
 vebit messis aristis, poet.. Col. 10, ill. 
 
 yellowish : 1. subflavus y. hair, 
 s. capilius. Suet. Aug. 79. 2, flavidus 
 y. tumip-lops, flaviila rapacia, Plin. 
 
 yelp : gaunio. 4 : to y. is properly 
 said of Joys, gannire proprle est canum. 
 Nod. 4;o, 11. Fig. what is he y.mg 
 fort quid llle gannit ? Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 17. 
 I'hr.. dogs caress Uieir puppies with a 
 y.ing sound, canes calulos gaunitu voclfl 
 adulanl, Lucr. 5. 1070. 
 
 yeoman : "^ exact word : agri or 
 agroruiii dOminus or simply agrarias, 
 Cic All. I, 19, 4 : agricola. cdlonus 
 (farmer, but not necessarily of his 
 own land) : sturdy yeomen, fortes coloni. 
 961
 
 YES 
 
 Y I i: 
 
 D 
 
 V U K E 
 
 Virg. G. }, 288. Phr. : he is an inde- 
 pendent y., ploughing his awn acres, 
 paterna rura bobus exercet suis, Hor. 
 Ep. 2, } : yeomen of the guard, * sii- 
 patores corporis, satellites : v. body- 
 guard. 
 
 yes: I. Ry single adverbs: 1, 
 ita : what mean you r is it panegyrics ? 
 yes, said Antmiius, quidiiam ? an lauda- 
 tiones? ita, inquit Antonius, Cic. de Or. 
 2, 10, 4J : you said, I think, you were 
 called Slenanchmus ? M. yes, certainly, 
 Menaechmum opinor te vocari dixeras? 
 M. ita vero, PI. Men. 5, 9, 37. 2. sic : 
 do you say ihat i'hanium is left alone f 
 G. yes, ais Phanium relictam solam ? G. 
 sic, Ter. Pli. 2, 2, 2. 3. maxiJme : 
 throw the dice, father. D. yes, certainly, 
 jace. pater talos. D. maxume, PI. Asin. 
 5, 2, 54. 4. admoduni. 6. oppido : so 
 you say he is gone, afraid of his father's 
 arrival f ti. yes. P. And that tlieohl 
 man is in a rage ? G. yes, exactly, itane 
 patris ais adventum veritum hinc abiis- 
 se? G.admodum. P. et iratiim senem ? 
 G. oppido, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, I. 6. cert« : 
 it is wretched then because it is an evil? 
 A. yes, est miserum igitur quoniam ma- 
 lum? A. certe, Cic. Tnsc. i, 5, q. 7. 
 sane • is tier beauty what they say f P. 
 yes, quite, estne ut fertur forma? P. 
 sane, I'er. Eun. 2, J, -jo. 8. plane, 
 plauissime : money has been given him 
 to live on while working out some other 
 rascality. G. yes, exactly so, argent- 
 umst objectum, ut sit qui vivat, dum 
 aliud aliquid flagiti conficiat. G. plunis- 
 sume, Ter. Ph. 5, 2, 4. 9. etiam : do 
 you want anything else ? A. yes, that 
 you coime directly, numquid vis? A. 
 etiam, utactutumveuias.pl. Am. i, },46: 
 to answer either yes or no, aut " etiam " 
 aut "non " respondere, Cic. Acad. 2, J2, 
 104. II, By eUipse with enim, enimvero, 
 nempe, in corroborating a preceding as- 
 sertion : your wife said you called me. 
 S. yes, I did order you to be called, te 
 uxor aiebat tua me vocare. S. ego enim 
 te vocari jussi, PI. Casin. 2, 4, 2 : do you 
 really say so ? S. yes 1 do, ain' tu vero? 
 S. aio enimvero, PI. Am. i, i, 188 : 1 
 know now what you want, yes, you want 
 me to go away, scio Jam quid velis, 
 nempe hinc me abire vis, PI. Merc. 4, 4, 
 }(>■ III. By repetition of the word on 
 which the emphijsis rests in the inter- 
 rogation, and this is probably the most 
 frequent way in Latin of expressing a 
 simple yes as an aflSrmative to a ques- 
 tion : does Uemiplio deny that she is his 
 kinstvoman ? G. yes, banc Demipho ne- 
 gat esse cognatam ? G. negat : do you 
 want me f I), yes, you, mene vis ? D. te ; 
 has he sold her;' P. yes, vendidit? P. 
 vendidit, Ter. Ph. : is this your opinion ? 
 M. yes, sieinest sententia ? M. sic ; are 
 you taking her to my father f S. yes, ad 
 patremne ducis? S. ad eum ipsum, Ter. 
 Heaut. Phr.: say either yes or no, vel 
 tu aias vel neges, PI. Kud. 2, 4, 14: Dio- 
 genes says yes, Antipater no, Diogenes 
 ait, Antipater negat, Cic. Off. j, 2;, 91 • 
 to say yes to a proposal : assentiri : v. 
 
 TO ASSIiNT. 
 
 yesterday (ado.) .• hgri or here : 
 where to-day is the Lyre which shone y.f 
 ubi est hodie quae Lyra fulsit heri ? Ov. 
 F. 2, 'j6 : my substance is less to-day 
 than it was y., res hodie minor est here 
 quam fuit, Juv. j, 2j: y.-evening, heri 
 vesperi, Ter. And. 4, 4, 29. 
 
 yesterday (subs.) ■. he.stemus dies : 
 the discussion of y. and to-day. hesterni 
 atque hodiemi diei disputatio, Cic. de Or. 
 3,21,81. Phr.: of y.: hesternus: the 
 coinversation ofy., h. sermo, Cic. Rep. 3, 
 12, 21 : the night of y. (yesternight), h. 
 nox, Ov. H. 19, 72 • the day bejore y., 
 nudius tertius, Cic. Att. 14, 11. 
 
 yet : I. As an adversative par- 
 ticle, in contrasts, transitions, etc. : 
 1, tamen : though he is free from, 
 blame, yet is he not ufithout suspicion, 
 quamquam abest a culpa, suspicione t. 
 non caret, Cic. Rose. Am. 20, 55 : though 
 the expectation be great, y. you will sur- 
 pass U, quamvis exspectatio sit magna, 
 t. eam viucea, id Rep. i, 23, 37 : though 
 962 
 
 / told you to come, y. I understand that 
 you are of use whei-e you are, licet tibi 
 significarim ut venires, t. iutelligo te 
 istic prodesse, id. Att. 3, 12, 3: without 
 a though, after an indicative clause; 
 freq. with sed : it is difficult to do, but y. 
 I will try, diflBcile factu est, sed conabor 
 t., id. Rep. I, 4 J, 66: with ntque : andy. 
 not: and y. these are not unornamental, 
 neque t. ilia non ornant, id. de Or. 2, 85, 
 J4'l- 2. veruni tamen or verun-ta- 
 nien : a foolish resolve, y. merciful, con- 
 silium stulium, verum tamen Clemens, 
 Cic. Verr. 5, 39, loi. 3. nibiloniinus 
 (nevertheless) : there was less cause for 
 grief, but y. assuredly cause for punislt- 
 ment, minus dolendum tuit, sed punien- 
 dum certe n., Cic. Mil. 7, 19. 4. at- 
 tamen (but y.) : the change of place 
 seemed to do me good, y. etc., visa est 
 mihi loci mutatio profuisse, attamen, 
 etc.: Cic. Fam. 7. 26, 2. .5, quanquam 
 (and y., esp. in exceptions made by the 
 speaker himself) ; and y. what am I say- 
 ing f q. quid loquor? Cic. Cat. i, 9, 22 : 
 and y. I should like to know, q. scire 
 sane velini, id. N. 1). 3, 16, 42. 6. 
 etsi (though, in fact ; to restrict) : I suffer 
 for my rashness ; and y. what rashness 
 was it ? do poenas temeritatis meae ; e. 
 quae fuit ilia temeritas? Cic. Att. 9, 10, 
 2. 7. sed (but) : you have found me 
 
 at leisure, y. more so from active toil 
 than in mind, me otiosum nactvis es, s. 
 otiosiorem opera quam aninio, Cic. Rep. 
 
 1, 9, 14. 8. at (chiefly after clauses 
 with if) : if you despise mankind, y. 
 expect that thegods aremindful of right 
 and wrong, si genus humanum temnitis, 
 at sperate deos memores landi atque 
 nefandi, Virg. Aen. i, 543 : a state of our 
 country, if not good, y. at least safe, 
 status civitatis, si non bonus, at saltem 
 certus, Cic. ham. 9, 8, 2. 9. saltem 
 (at least) : if that cannot be, y. this can, 
 si ilUid non licet, s. hoc licebit, Ter. Eun 
 4,2,12. II, Of time, or of degree: siiW, 
 
 further, etc. \, adhuc (up to this point) : 
 there is nothing y. for you to fear, nil 
 adhuc est quod vereare, Ter. Heaut. 
 1,2,1: he found the king y. wavering, 
 regem consecutus est fluctuantem a., Liv. 
 3 ; , 49 ; if there is y. roo m for prayers, si 
 quis a. precibus locus, Virg. Aen. 4, 319 : 
 with comparative (not thus in Cicero): 
 this embassy is yet milder, haec legatio 
 est a. leiiior, Liv. 21, 18. 2. etiam 
 (even y., yet more) : do you not y. know 
 me ivell r non satis me pernosti e.? Ter. 
 Andr. 3, 2, 23 : because he has not y. 
 given the minae, quia minas non e. 
 dedit, PI. Ps. I, 3,46- / beg of you y. 
 this one thing, unum e. hoc vos oro, Ter. 
 Eun. 5, 8, 54 : in minds there are y. 
 greater varieties, in auimis existunt 
 majores etiam varietates, Cic. Off. i, 30, 
 107. 3. etiamnunc, or -num (even 
 
 now) : is the woman y. within ? e. 
 mulier intu'st ? PI. Merc. 4, 5, 14 (e. is 
 usu. with present tenses). P h r. : not 
 y., nondum : it is not y. a hundred and 
 ten years since the law zvas passed, 
 nondum centum et decern anni sunt 
 quum lex lata est, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 7; 
 (nondum is of the non-existence or non- 
 occurrence of a thing when something 
 else exists or happens ; or of the non- 
 occurrence of what is yet expected to 
 happen: whereas non with adhuc, 
 etiam, is as yet not). 
 
 yew : taxus, f. : y.s are bent into 
 bows, taxi torquentur in arcus, Virg. G. 
 2, 448. Phr.: a wood ofy.s, taxea silva, 
 Stat. S. 5, 5, 29: poison made from, y., 
 taxicum venenum, Plin. 16, 10, 20. 
 
 yield: A. Trans.- 1^ To 
 
 produce, bear: 1. fero, tiili, latum 
 (to bear) : the earth which can y. fruits, 
 quae terra fruges ferre possit, Cic. Leg 
 
 2, 27, 67. 2. effero ; that which the 
 fields y., id quod agri efferant, id. Rep. 
 ^. 4. 9- 3. profero ; Plin. 4, 
 pario, pepfiri, partum, 3 : the corn and 
 other things which the earth y.s, fruges 
 et reliqua quae terra pariat, Cic. N. D. 
 I, 2, 4. 5. fundo, fiidi, fiisum, 3 (to 
 y. copiously) : nhich the earth y.s tnth 
 the greatest bounty, quae terra maxima 
 
 cum largitate fimdit, id. N. U. 2, 62, 156. 
 6. effundo : lands y. corn, segetes 
 fruges effundunt, id. Or. 15, 48. ||. 
 'Jo give, grant, impart, offer, etc. : J. 
 affero : it y.s much pleasure, jucundi- 
 tatis plurimum affert. id. Fin. i, 16, 53. 
 2. praesto, stUi, stitnm, and statum, 
 I (to offer) : do you bid me y. my head 
 to tlie lightning stroke? jubes me ful- 
 niinibus praestare caput? Luc. 5, 770. 
 3. praebeo, ul, itum, 2 : you mvM 
 y. to the sword your neck, praebenda est 
 gladio cervix, Juv. 10, 345. |||. To 
 give up, allow, cede, surrender : 1. do, 
 dedi, datum, i (to give up) : in geo- 
 metry if you y. the first points you must 
 y. all, in geometria prima si dederis 
 danda sunt omnia, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83: 
 to y. the palm to any one, palmam dare 
 alicui, Cic. 2. concedo, cessi, cessum, 
 3 (to allow, cede) : allow and y. this 
 to my modesty, date et concedite hoc 
 pudori meo, Cic. Verr. i, 12, 32: Sicily 
 had been y.'d up in too hasty despair, 
 Sicilia niniis celeri desperatione con- 
 cessa, Liv. 21, i. 3, cedo ■ y.ing up 
 many rightful claims, cedens multa de 
 suo jure, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64. 4. trado, 
 didi, itum, 3 (to hand over) : I y. to you 
 my share of the talking, meam partem 
 loquendi t, tibi, PI. Asin. 3, i, 14. 5. 
 dedo, 3 (to surrender) : that they should 
 y. their city, lands, altars, hearths, and 
 themselves, urbem, agrum, aras, focos, 
 seque uti dederent, PI. Am. i, i, 71; 
 Remus is y.'d up for punishment, Remus 
 ad suppliciura deditur, Liv. i, 5 : to y. 
 the limbs to sleep, d. somno membra, 
 Lucr. 3, 113 • to y. themselves up heart 
 and soul to this charm of learning, d. 
 se toto animo huic discendi delectation!, 
 Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 11;. B. Intrans. 
 
 1. cedo, cessi, cessum, 3 : wlieiever we 
 move the air seems to give place and y., 
 quacunque movemur videtur aer quasi 
 locum dare et cedere, Cic. N. 1). 2, 3}, 
 83 : our armies y.'d to Vijiathus, Viri- 
 atho exercitus nostri cesserunt, id. Off. 
 2, II, 40: y.ing to the gods in no other 
 point save immortality, nulla alia re 
 nisi inimortalitate cedens caelestibus, 
 id. N. D. 2, 61, 153 : to y. to entreaties, 
 c. precibus, id. Plane. 4, 9. 2. con- 
 cedo : / am resolved to y. to no man 
 living, certum est concedere boniini 
 nato nemini, PI. Cas. 2, 4. 15 : the 
 senate y.'d to your demand, concessit 
 senatus postulationi tuae, Cic. Mur. 23, 
 47. 3. obsequor, secutus, 3, dep. (to 
 comply) : I will y. to your wish, obse- 
 quar voluntati tuae, Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 17 : to 
 y. to one's inclinations, animo obsequi, 
 PI. Mil. 3, I, 83. Phr.: to y. profit, 
 pleasure, etc. : esse Usui, volupiati, etc. 
 to y. mie's right, decedere de jure suo, 
 Cic. Att. 16, 2, t : to y. a position, ex 
 loco cedere, Liv. 3, 63 : to y. the palm, 
 palmam deferre, Cic. de Oi-. 2, 56, 227 : 
 Cotta at length y.s, tandem dat Cotta 
 manus, Caes. B. G. 5, 31 : y.ing to the 
 entreaties of his father, victus patris 
 precibus, Liv. 23, 8 : forced to y. in the 
 long contest, minor in certamine longo, 
 Hor. Ep. I, 10, 35. 
 
 yielding (subs.) .- 1. cessio ^sur- 
 rendering, a legal term) : a y. in point 
 of right, in jure c, Cic. Top. 5, 28. 
 2. concessio : by our y. they have 
 lost ail the force of their right, nostra 
 concessione omnem vim sui Juris amise- 
 runt, Cic. Att. 3, 24, i. Generally the 
 subs, yielding would be expressed by a 
 phrase with verb: our y. proves uur 
 cause weak, *quod cedimus causam 
 arguit infirmam. 
 
 yielding (ot^.) J |. of persons: 
 
 obsequens, obsgquiosus, facilis : v. com- 
 plaisant. II. Of things soft, flexi- 
 ble: mollis: y. water, mollis aqua, Ov. 
 A. A. I, 476: V. soft, pliant. 
 
 yoke (subs.) : jugum : we place y.s 
 on some beasts, quibusdam bestiis Juga 
 imponimus, Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151 : a cow 
 that shakes off the y., bos j. detrectans, 
 Virg. G. 3, 57 : to remove the y.from the 
 oxen. j. demere bobus, Hor. Od. 3, 6, 4,2. 
 Of a pair of oxen : to plough with fewer 
 y.s (ff oxen, minus multis jugis araro.
 
 y OKE 
 
 YOUTH FULNESS 
 
 ZERO 
 
 Cic. Verr. }, 51, 120. Of the dooituay 
 inade by thne spears, under which a 
 vanquiglicil rnemy was seiil in token 
 of submission : the dictator sent the 
 Aequiaiis under this y., sub hoc j. dic- 
 tator Aeqiios misit, Liv. }, 28 : hence 
 Fig. : from whose vecks they had re- 
 moved the y. of slavery, cujus a. cervi- 
 cibu3 j. servile dejecerant, Cic. Phil, i, 
 2, 6 : the Brigantes have been abU to 
 throw off the y., Brigantes j. e.xuere 
 potuere. Tac. Agr. }i : to bear the y. 
 [o/' wedlock), ferre j., Hor. Od. 2, 5. i'- 
 lave unites by a y.. juko cogit Venus, id. 
 Od. }, 9, 18. Fur yoke figuratively used 
 
 V. also DOMINIOK, TVKANNY. 
 
 yoke ("■)•■ 1. Ji'i'go. nxl, nctum, 
 J : to y. lurrses to a chariot, currus et 
 equos j., Virg. G. }, 114: y. suitahle 
 pairs, aptos junge pares, ib, 167: toy. 
 to a chariot, j. ad cnrrum, Plin. : / nitl 
 y. (join) to you /leinjyea in firm wed- 
 lock, Deiopeam connubio juiigam stabili, 
 Virg. Aen. I, -Jj. 2. conjungo (toy. 
 together) : to y. together two pairs of 
 horses, bis conjungere blnos equos, Lucr. 
 5, 1299. Phr. : to y. a beaft, jngum 
 imponere bestiae ; Cic. : jugo subdere 
 beoliam : Plin. 
 
 -fellow : 1. conjux, jugis 
 
 (the exact word, but only used of a 
 married pair) : true y.s, boni conjuges, 
 Cat. 61, 2}}. 2. sOcius (parttier) : 
 
 a y. and partner in my toil, s. et consors 
 laboris, Cic. Brut, i, 2. 
 
 yoked : jOgulis. e : horses and beasts 
 of burden y., j. eqni Jnmentaque, Curt. : 
 tico y. (horses), geiuini jugalcs, \'irg. 
 Aen. 7, 280. 
 
 yolk : 1. vTtellus : hard eggs con- 
 tain a male y., niareni cohibent callosa 
 (ova) vitelluni, Hur. S. 2, 4, 14. 2 
 luteum (the yellow part) : the y.s from 
 pigeons' eggs, lutea ex ovis columba- 
 I uni, I'lin. 
 
 yon, yonder: if "sed as adj., expr. 
 by deiuonstr. pronouns ; 1, iste or 
 istic (that near you, that irhicJi you 
 see) : y. benches (niiere you were sitting) 
 were deserted on your arriral, advenlu 
 tuo ista suhscUia vacuefacta sunt, Cic. 
 Cat. I, 7. 16. 2. '1'*" or i'lic (of more 
 remote tilings) : y. man is Sosia, illic 
 est Sosia. I'l. Am. prol. 148. When a 
 person is seen coming, it is often expr. 
 by ecce, behold ; y. comes to meet me 
 the man J am seeking, quem quaere 
 ecce obviam mihi'st. Pi. Bac. 4, 4, 16: 
 otU'ii ecce is combined with accus. of 
 pronoun : y. is her very self, eccam 
 jpsam, Ter. lum. 4, 5, 12 : y. comes in 
 haste your wife, eccillam festinat uxor 
 lua, PI. Stich. 4, I, JO ' 7 see her y., 
 eccistam video, id. Cure. 5, 2, 17. 
 
 yore : P h r. : 0/' j/o?e : 1, olim : 
 thus of y. they spoke, sic olini loque- 
 bantnr, Cic. de Or. 2, 4}, 18;. 2. 
 quondam : great ivas the reverence of y. 
 for the hoary head, magna I'uil (iiiondam 
 capitis reverentia cani, Ov. V. 5, 57. 
 Days of y., temjwra antiqua. Men of y., 
 anliqui, vetercs : such precepts gave tlwse 
 men of y. to their juniors, haec illi ve- 
 teres praecepta minoribus, Juv. 14, 189; 
 
 V. ANCIKNTLY, ANCIENT. 
 
 young (adj.) : 1, juvgnis (rare as 
 adj. in the positive degree): y.er by a 
 whole year, toto junior ainio, Hor. Ep. 2, 
 I, 44 : a y. sheep, ovis juvenis. Col. 2. 
 adSlescens: lltal I may use the same 
 right when old that J used when yer, 
 eodem ut Jure uti senem liceat quo 
 sum usus adolescentior, Ter. Hec. prol. 
 alt. 5. 3. parvus (small): y. children, 
 p. liberi, Cic. Itep. 2, 21, J7. 4. par- 
 vulus : a y. Aeiieas, p. Aeneas, Virg. 
 Aen. 4, J26. 5. inlans (infant): y 
 children, infantes pueii, Cic. <le Or. 2, 
 J9, 162. 6. novus (new, fresh): y. 
 offspring, no\'a proles, Lucr. 1, 260 : a 
 y. bride, n. nupta, Cat. 61, 80. 7. 
 
 novelUis ■ a y. goat, n. capra, Varr. : y. 
 vines, n. vites, Virg. E. j, 11. Of men 
 and women at various points of youth 
 the above are used substantivfly and 
 some other terms. A y. child, infans: 
 a y. hid (boy), puer: y.girl, puella: y. 
 man. adolescens, juvenis : ?/. woman. 
 
 virgo. Phr. : o veiy y. man, homo 
 peradolesceiis, Cic. Manil. 21. 61 : to 
 groiv y. again, repuerascere, Cic. : Juve- 
 nescere, Ov. : Plin. 
 
 young (subs.) : offspring : \. 
 
 partus, us (of any creature): animals 
 fight for their y., bestiae pro suo partu 
 propugnanl, Cic. I use. 5, 27, 79. 2. 
 
 letus, us : anirtuxls that have many y.at 
 a birth, quae muliiplices fetus procre- 
 ant, Cic. N. I). 2, 51, 128. 3. proles, 
 
 is,/. ; when the eagU has fed he)- young, 
 ubl esca aqulla replevit proU'm suam, 
 Pliaedr. 2, 4, 19. 4. siib6les : the y. 
 of the flock, suboles gregis, Hor. Od. }, 
 IJ. 8. 5. pullus (iff any animal ; but 
 the kind is generally defined by some 
 addition): y. of horse, ass, p. equinus, 
 asininus, Varr. : Col.: the y. of a frog, 
 piiUi ranae, Hor. S. 2, i, 514: the y. of 
 pigeons, p. colurabini, Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 
 }. 6. calulus (of quadrupeds) : let 
 
 the beasts hide their y., catulos ferae 
 celent, Hor. Od. j, i, 41 : v. whelp. 
 
 younger : 1. jQnior : v. yoitng. 
 2. minor : y. by one month, m. uno 
 mense, Hor. Ep. 2, I. 40: the y. daughter 
 of king I'tolemy, filia minor Ptolemaei 
 regis, Caes. B. C. ?, 112. Phr.: minor 
 natu : Cic: aetate minor: Ov. 
 
 your : tuus (sing.) : vester, tra, trum 
 (plur.). 
 
 yourself (sing.): tu ipse, tute; tute- 
 mel (colloquial): plur., vos ipsi, vosmet, 
 vosmet ipsi. 
 
 youth : I. 77ie age of youth : 
 
 1. j&ventus, litis, /. .- things which 
 are d'me in v. and strength, quai- Ju- 
 ventute et viribus geruntur, Cic. Sen. 6, 
 15- 2. Jiiventa: he had not so borne 
 him from his y., non ita so a juventa 
 eum gessi.sse, Liv. J5, 42 : hot tempered 
 in y., calidus j., Hor. Od. }, 14, 27. 3. 
 juventas (poet.) : active y., levis J., Hor. 
 Od. 2, 11,6. 4. adoli'scentia (ripen- 
 ing y., earlier than juventus strictly, 
 but used generally) : old age steals upon 
 y. more quickly tluin y. upon boyhood, 
 citius adolesceutiae senectusquam puer- 
 itiae adolescentia obreoi!, Oic. Sen. 2, 
 4: in early y., ineun^ 1 id. Off. i, 
 i2, 117: from the earliest y.. Jam 
 a prima adolescentia, id. Fam. i, 9, 
 2J. 5. pu6iitia (boyhood) : from y. 
 upivards, a p., Cic. Kep. i, 6, 10. 6. 
 aetas, alls, /. : (determined by the 
 context to mean youth) : the inexpe- 
 rience of early y., ineuntis aetatis in- 
 scienlia, Cic. (J£f. i, ?4, 122 : the flower 
 of j/.,flos aetatis, id. Phil. 2, 2, { : things 
 which his y. allowed, quae ipsius ae. per- 
 lulit, id. Verr. i, 12, jj. Phr.: from 
 y. up, a puero, piiei is (ace. to the num- 
 ber sing, or plur.) : from tender y., ab 
 infantia : Tac. : the years of y., Juvenes 
 anui, Ov. M. 7, 295. ||. ^1 body of 
 youth ; juventus : all the y. had as- 
 sembled, omnis j. convenerat, Caes. B. G. 
 J, 16: the 'IVojan y., Trojana j., Virg. 
 Aen. 1,467. III. A youth, young man : 
 juvenis, adolescens, puer. Of these 
 three juvenis is older than adolescens, 
 puer younger; and this last, though 
 used of persons as old as twenty, seems 
 meant in such cases to emphasize their 
 youthfulness : v. young. 
 
 youthful: 1. J&venilis, e: y. free- 
 dom if speaking, j. dicendi licentia, Cic. 
 Brut." 91, ?i6: y. years, j, anni, Ov. M. 
 8, 6j2. 2. jiivenalis, e (poet, and late 
 prose): a y. botly, J. corpus, Virg. Aen. 
 5. 475- 3. puSrilis, e (boyish) : of y. 
 ajtpearance, but matural tiriiiioHi, puerili 
 specie, senili prudentia, Cic. Uiv. 2, 2}, 
 50. 
 
 youthfully : 1. ji'ivSnilltcr : fzi/K- 
 i»<;i/., J.e.xsultaiis, Cic. Sen. 4, 10. 2. 
 puerorum, adolescentium more, modo, 
 Cic. 3. puerilitcr : Phaedr. 
 
 youthfulness : .'"" "/ y""'"' ■ 
 
 "aestus juventutis (Uuhnk.). 
 
 z. 
 
 ZANY: \. A frml. jester : L 
 
 sunnio : what can be to ridiculMU 
 ax a z. is f quid potest esse tani ridi- 
 culum quam santiiu est? Cic. de Or. l, 
 61, 2;i. 2. maccu.s (in the Alellane 
 plays): I)ioni. 3. cMyrva (a court fool): 
 Suet. Tib. 61. 4. 'faluus (.Seneca in 
 
 Ep. 50, speaks of a falua kept by a 
 Roman lady of rank): v. blfkkoN : but 
 the Latin scnrra is something mach 
 more polished than the Etiglish zany or 
 buffoon. II. A simpleton : homo 
 
 ineptus, stultus, etc. : simpletons and 
 z.s, stulti, stolidi, fatui. PI. Bac. j, i, 2. 
 
 zeal : 1, stddlum : to employ z. 
 and pains in anything, s. operamque 
 in re ponere, Cic. Fin. i, 1,1: Ut there 
 be ever z., never delay, s. semper adsit, 
 cunctatio absit, id. Am. i j, 44 : to sliaw 
 readiness and z., alacritate ac studio uti, 
 Caes. B. G. 4, 24 I promise you my best 
 z., tibi polliceor eximium menm stu- 
 diuin,Cic. Fum. 5, 8, 4 : our countrymen 
 burned tuith z. lor oratory, nostri ho- 
 mines dicindi studio flagraverunt, id. de 
 Or. 1,4. 14: lo be pi'ssessedv.-ith z.,ien*;T\ 
 studio, Cic. 2. ardor, oris (warm 
 
 eagerness) : such was thjeir z. for the 
 fight, tanlus fuit a, amiorum, Liv. 22, 5 : 
 whose rashness we checked and quenched 
 their z., quorum rcpressimus impetum 
 ardoremque restinximus, Cic. ad Br. 2. 
 7, I. 3. fervor, oris: youthful z., f. 
 aetatis, id. Sen. i;, 4$. 4. alacritas 
 (readiness for action) : z. in defence of 
 the state, a. relpublicae defendendae, id. 
 Phil. 4, I, I. 5. industria (diligence) : 
 to employ z. in writing, i. In scribendo 
 ponere, id. Fam. j, 9, j ; devotion and 
 z., studium et industria, id. Sen. 7, 22. 
 Phr.: / iiiill attend to it with z. and 
 diligence, studiose diligenterque curabo, 
 id. Att. 16, 16, A., 5 : such was his 
 painstaking and constant z., talis erat 
 labor, assiduitas, id. Balb. 2, 6. 
 
 zealot : P h r. : an eager z. for my 
 reputation, existimationis meae studio- 
 sissimus cupidissimusque, Cic. Verr. 2, 
 47, 117: a z. in your cause, acerrimu* 
 tui defensor, id. Fam. i, i, 2 : supersti- 
 tious philosopho-s, nay, one may say, 
 frantic z.s, philosophi superstiliosi et 
 paene fanatici, Cic. I)iv. 2, 57, 118. 
 
 zealous: 1. studiosus: z. in all 
 learning, s. omnium doctrinaruni, Cic. 
 Fam. 4, ?, } . 3. for his success, studiosi 
 illius victoriae, id. Att. i, 16, 8. 2. 
 acer (sharp, fiery) : a most z. patriot, 
 civis acerrimus, Cic. Fam. 10, 28, i. 3 
 ardens (warm) : spirited and z., acer, 
 ardens, Cic. Or. 28, 99. 4. vebemens 
 (violent) : z. and fiery, v. acerque, Cic 
 Caec. 10, 28. 
 
 zealously ■ 1. stiidiose : to seek 
 z., s. investigare. Cic. Rep. i, 11. 17. 
 2. acriter. they attend moie z., 
 acrius advertunt animum, Lucr. ;, 54. 
 most z., acerrime, Cic. 3. ardenter- 
 to desire z , cupere a., Cic. Tiisc. 4, 17, 
 iq. 4. intente (car/i<«t/i/) : while the 
 levies uvre prosecuted more z.. cum de- 
 lectus Intentius haberetur, Liv. 8, 17. 
 5, enixe (with strenuous effort): t» 
 undertake a cause z., e. causjim suscipere, 
 Cic. Sest. 16. J8 : Viey helped more z., 
 enixius adjuverunt, Liv. 29, I. 6. 
 indusirie: to manage diligently and z., 
 diligenter industrieque administrare, 
 Caes. B. G. 7, 60. 
 
 zebra : * <'quus zebra : Cycl. 
 
 zebu: •boslndicus: Cycl. 
 
 zenith : * vertex : I' h r. : the sun is 
 in the z., "sol supra verticem est, rectij 
 desuper radiis ferit. 
 
 zephyr : 1. Zephyrus : Tempi 
 
 stilted by z.s, zephyris agitata I'empe, 
 Hor. Od. i, 1, 24. 2. Favonius (Ute 
 pure Latin tvord) : by the pleasing re- 
 turn of spring and the z., grata vice 
 veris et Favoni. Hor. Oil. i. 4, i. 
 
 zero (cipher, nothing) : 'zero, signum 
 absentis numeri. Fig.: * nihil, ni- 
 96,
 
 Z EST 
 
 ZONE 
 
 ZOO PH YTE 
 
 hilum : his worth is z., ' niliili aesti- 
 mandus est. 
 
 zest: I. Lit.: relish, taste ; sa- 
 
 por, guslus: V. RELISH. II. Fig.: 
 
 1, giistatus, us : thei/ have no z.firr 
 true praise, verae laudis gustatum non 
 habent, Cic. Phil. 2, 4;, 115. 2. amor 
 (Jove, passion) : to do a thing irith z., 
 *cum amore agere. 3. impgtus, us ; 
 pleadings when recited lose all their z. 
 and tvarmth, actiones quae recitantur 
 impetum omnem calorenique perdiint, 
 Plin. Ep. 2, 19, 2. 
 
 zig-zag: Phr. : z. paWs, an fractus 
 viarnm, Liv. a, i : z. ways on a hill- 
 side, anfractus Jugi, id. 44, 4: a black 
 964 
 
 'cloud through which z. and quivering 
 flames broke, atra ntibes ignei spiritus 
 tortis vibratlsque discnrsibus rupta, 
 Plin. Ep. 6, 20. 9. 
 
 zodiac: *Zodiacns, m., only in late 
 writers: the zodiac isdescribtd in Cicero 
 as.signifer orbis.signifer cii cuius; orbis 
 duodecim signonim, orbis in duodecim 
 partes distributus (I>iv. 2, 42, 89 : Tusc. 
 I, 28, 68: N. D. 2, 20, 53): in Virgil 
 (G. I, 2J9) by obliquus ordo signorum. 
 
 zone : I. -^ girdU -. cinguluni, 
 
 zona: v. girule. ||, A division of 
 the earth : \, cinguhis : the earth 
 surrounded by certain z.s. terra circuni- 
 data qulbusdam cingulis, Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 
 
 21. 2. zona: five zjs compass the 
 earth, quinque tenent caelum zonae, 
 Virg. G. 1 , 2 J ; : tU fifth z. is hotter than 
 the others, quinta zona est ardentior iUis, 
 Ov. M. I, 46: the toi-rid z., z. torrida, 
 Plin. Phr. ; tAe/j'ipJd (ici/) z.. glacialis 
 polus: Ov. M. 2, !•;?: glacialis regio: 
 Col. 
 
 zoological : *zoologicus : Mod. Lat. 
 (Kr.). Phr.: z. garden, * vivarium, 
 septum feraruni (Kr.). 
 
 zoology : *descriptio anitnantiutn : 
 *zoologia : Mod. Lat. (Kr.) Phr.: to 
 study z., *aniiiiantium naturam inve»> 
 tigare. 
 
 zoophyte : •zoophytum : Liiui. 
 
 THE END.
 
 INDEX OF PROPER NAMES.
 
 INDEX OF PROPER NAMES, 
 
 A C H 
 
 4won. Aaron, -onis (r/i.). 
 
 ibte, Abee, arum (/.). 
 
 ibantes, iht, Abantcs, -urn (m.) , of or bt- 
 longing to ike Aban i>, Abandos, -a, 
 •um. 
 
 Abaris, Abaru, -idis and -is (m.). 
 
 dbas, Abas, -antis {m.) ; of or belonging to 
 Abas, Abanteus, -a, -um ; son or de- 
 Bcendant of Abas, Abantiades, -m (w.) ; 
 daughter or female descendant of Abas, 
 Abantias, -adis (/.). 
 
 Abbeville, Abbatia viUa (/.). 
 
 Abdera, Abdera, -le (/.), a7id Abdera, 
 ■orum (n.) ; an Abderite, Abderites, -m 
 (m.) ; of or belonging to Abdera, Abderi- 
 ticus, a, -um, and Abderitanus, -a, •um. 
 
 Mhel, Abel, -elis, and Abelus, -i, also Abel, 
 indecl. (to.) ; of or belonging to Abel, 
 Abelicus, -a, -um. 
 
 Abella, v. Avella. 
 
 Aberdeen, Aberdona, -sb (/.). 
 
 Abigail, Abigail, -Ilifl (/). 
 
 Abijah, Abias, -m (m.). 
 
 Abila, V. Abyla. 
 
 Abimelech, Abimelechus, -i («,). 
 
 Abingdon, Abendonia, -ee (/.). 
 
 Abniba, Abndba, -as, v. Black ForuL 
 
 Aborigines, the, Aboriginea, -um (».). 
 
 Aboukir, Canopua, 1 (m.). 
 
 Abraham, Abraham, -amlB, Abrab&mns, 
 •i, and Abraa, -sb (to. ); descendant of 
 Abraham, Abrahamidee and Abrami- 
 des, B (.«.) ; of or belonging to Abra- 
 ham, Abrameus, -a, -um. 
 
 Abrantes, Abrantium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Absalom, Absalon, or Absfilo, -onla, amd 
 Absalomus, -i (m.). 
 
 Absyrlis, v. Osero and Cherto. 
 
 Absyrtus, Absyrtua, -1 (»».). 
 
 Abula, V. Avita. 
 
 Abydos, Abydus, -i (in. and /.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Abydos, Abyd^nue, -«, -um. 
 
 Abyla, V. Ccnta. 
 
 Abyssinia, Abyaainia, -m (/.) 
 
 Acimas, Acamaa, -antia (m.). 
 
 Acanthus, Acanthua, -i (m.) , Acanthean, 
 Acanthiua, -a, -um. 
 
 Acaputco, Portus Aquee polchres. 
 
 Acamania, Acam&nia, -ae (/.) ; an At4tr- 
 nanian, Acaman, -ants; the Acamant- 
 ana, Acnmanea, -um (m.) ; Acamanian, 
 Acamanlcua, -a, -um. 
 
 Acastns, Acastue, -i (m.}. 
 
 Acca, Acca, -te (/.). 
 
 Ace, V. Acre. 
 
 Acerenza, Aeheronda, •» (/). 
 
 Acesinei, v. Jenaub. 
 
 Acesta, Acesta, -e (/.) ; the Acettant, Aee*- 
 
 taji, -orum (m.). 
 Acestes, Aceates, -bb (nt.). 
 Ackaa or Achaia, Achaia, « (/.) ; Ackttan, 
 Acbaiua, -a, -um ; Achaius, -a, -um {po- 
 etical) ; Achivua, -a, -um, and Ach&Icue, 
 -a, -um ; the Achaans, Achffii, -orum 
 (n>.) ; an Achttan female, Achaias, -Adia 
 
 (/•)• 
 
 Achamenes, Acbsuidnea, xa (.m.) ; of or 
 bel/mging to Achamenes, Acbwmenius, 
 -a, um ; a descendant of Achamenet, 
 Achwmenidea, -te (m.). 
 
 Aeharn<t, Acbams, -arum (/.) ; Achami- 
 an. Acharnanua, -a, um, and Acbamen- 
 eis, -e. 
 
 Achates, Achatt'S, m (m.). 
 
 Achehils, the, Acbelous, -i («.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Acheloua, AcheloJuB, -a, 
 •um; a daughter of the Achelons. Ache- 
 loia, -idia, and Acheloias. -adis. 
 
 Acheron, the, Ach§ron, -ontis (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to the Acheron, Acheronlian, 
 Acherontlcus. -a. -nm, and AcherontS- 
 
 jE AC 
 
 UB, -a, -nm ; also usually Acberftaiaa, -a, 
 -am. 
 
 Achillas, Achillaa, -m (m.). 
 
 Achilleid, the, Achilleia, -Idia (/.). 
 
 Achilles, Achilles, -ia (m.), poetical alto 
 -ei and -i (.after 2d decl.) ■ of or belong- 
 ing to Achilles, Achilleus, -a, -um, and 
 Achilliacus. -a, -um ; a son or descend- j 
 ant of AduUes. Achillidea, -m (m.) ; the 
 tomb of Achilles, AchiUeum, -i (n.). 
 
 Acxdalia, Acid&lia, -cb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Acidalia, Acidalian, Acid&lius, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Acilia, Acilia, -ffi (/.). 
 
 Acilius, Aciliua, -i (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Acilius, Aciliua, -a, -am, and AdUft- 
 uua, -a, -am. 
 
 Aciris, v. Aeri. 
 
 Acis, Acia, -idis (m.), the titer , (f.) the 
 island. 
 
 Acmon, Acmon, -fints (m.). 
 
 ActBtes, AcoBtea, -ee (m.). 
 
 Acrigas, v. Agrigentum. 
 
 Acre {St. Jean d'Acre), Ace, •€«, and Aca, 
 
 e (/■)• 
 
 Acrt, the, Aciris, -ia (m.). 
 
 Acrisius, Acrisiua, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Acrisius, Acriaioneua, a, -um ; 
 son or descendant of Acrisius, Acriaio- 
 n ei eg, a (m '* ; daughter or female de- 
 seen dam if Acrisius, Acriaione, -fis, and 
 Acrisioneia, -Idia (/.); 
 
 Acroceraunian, Acrocerauniua, -a, -am , 
 the Acroceraunian mountains, Acrocer- 
 aunia, -orum (n.). 
 
 Acrdcorinthus, Acrocorinthua, -I (/.). 
 
 Acron, Acron, -onla (•«.). 
 
 Acttton, ActeBon, -onia (m.). 
 
 Acte, Acte, -ea (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Aete, Acttean, ActiKus, -a, -um. 
 
 Actinm, Aetium, -ii (n.) ; c(f or belonging 
 to Aetium, Actian, ActiacuB, -a, -am, 
 and Actius, -a, -um. 
 
 Actor, Actor, '6riB (nt.) ; son or descend- 
 ant of Actor, Act6rideB, -m. 
 
 Aciileo, Aciileo, -onis (m.). 
 
 Adam., Adaraus, -i, also indecl., Adam (m.). 
 
 Adda, the, Addua, -m (/.). 
 
 Adeline, Adelina, -as (/.). 
 
 Adherbal, Adherbal, -ilia (m.). 
 
 Adiabene, Adiabene, -ea, and -b^nS, -ee 
 (/•) t of or belonging to Adiabene, Adia- 
 benicua, -a, -um, and Adiabenua, -a, -um. 
 
 Adige, the, Atheaia, -ia (m.). 
 
 Admeto, Admeto, -Hb (/.). 
 
 Admetus, Admetua, -i (»n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Admetus, AdmeUan, Admeteus, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Adolphus, Adolpbua, -1 (m.). 
 
 Adonis, Adonis, -is or -idia, aiid Aden, 
 -flnia (ct.) ; of or belonging to Adonis, 
 Adonens, -a, -um ; the festival of Ado- 
 nis, Adonia, -orum (n.). 
 
 Adour, the, Atiiria, -ia, or Atur. -Oris (m.). 
 
 Adramyttium, Adr&myttiura, or teon, gen- 
 itive -i (n.), and Adr4mytt6oa, i (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Adramyttium. Adra- 
 myttenus, -a, um. 
 
 Adrastea, Adrastfia or -da, s (/.). 
 
 Adrastus, Adrastus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Adrastus, Adrasteus, a, -um ; 
 daughter or female descendant of Adras- 
 tus, Adrnstia, -idia. 
 
 Adria, Adriacus. Adrianus, &c., v. Hadria. 
 
 Adrianople, Adrian6p61i8, -ia (/.). 
 
 Adriatic Sea, the, Siims Adriftticas. 
 
 Adrumetum, v. Hadrumetum. 
 
 Aduatuca. v. Tongres. 
 
 Xa. S.h, -»" (/.) ; of or belonging to Ma, 
 Moan. jEkus, -a, -um. 
 
 Maetis, iE6cU8, -i (m.) ; of or l>elonginf 
 
 iE O L 
 
 to Macus, iEftcius, -a, -am , ion or dn 
 scendant of Macus, £icldea, m; of m 
 belonging to a son of Sacus, ^EacidAi 
 na, -a, -um. 
 
 £aa, Aa;a;e, ee (/.) ; of or belonging te 
 Mtta, iEuiua, -a, um. 
 
 JEas, iEas, -antis (m.). 
 
 Manteum, v. Ajax. 
 
 Mbulius, jEbutiua, -i (m.) ; Mbuiian, Jib» 
 tius, -a, -um. 
 
 JSdessa, v. Edessa. 
 
 Mdui, £.d\i\, orum (m.) ; of or belong 
 ing to the £dui, £duan, lEduicua, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Metes, Rktiee or yEeta, -sb (»«.) ; of or ft* 
 longing to /Eetes. Metian, iEeteug, a, 
 -am, and iEetius, -a, -um ; daughter or 
 female descendant of Metes, i£6tiaa, 
 -adia, .£edne, -ea, and Metis, -idia. 
 
 Mga, iEgttj or JEgetB, -arum (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Mga. Mgttan, ^eajua, -* 
 -um ; inhabitants of Mgit, JDgS&tei 
 -ium (m.). 
 
 Mgaon, iEgieon, -onia and later -dnij (M.) 
 
 Mgates, the, iEgates, -iima (/.). 
 
 Mgett, V. Mgit. 
 
 Mgean, the. Sea, .figffinm Mare. 
 
 Mgeria, v. Egeria. _ 
 
 Mgeus, .£geua, -i, and .£geas, -^c % (m.) , 
 son or Mscendant of Mgeus, V^ldea, 
 -»» (fit.). 
 
 Mgiale, iEgiftle, -es (/.). _ 
 
 MgiiUeus, .£gi&leaB, -(H, and iEgialena, 
 
 ■6o» (»!.). 
 ^glnii, jEglna, -m (/.); of or belonging 
 
 to Mgina, .figinenaia, e, and S.^kM- 
 
 ciu, -a, -um ; an inhabitant of Mgina, 
 
 .A'gineta, -» (m.). 
 Mginium. iEgiiiium, -ii (n.). 
 Mgira, iEgira, -86 (/.,. 
 Mgisihut, -i {m.). 
 Mgium, .(Egium, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Mgium, jEgiua, -a, -uol 
 MgU, iEgle, -ea (/.). 
 Mgon, jEgon, -onia (m.). 
 Mgostkena, i£goaUi6na. K)rum («.) ; tkt 
 
 inhabitants of Mgoslhena, fgosdltai. 
 
 ensea, ium. 
 Mgvpt, <fcc., V. Egypt. 
 Mgyptns. .^igyptUB, -i (ra,). 
 Mlian, iElianus, -i (»n.). 
 Mlian. v. MUus ; Mlia, iEUa, le (f.^. 
 Mlius, iEliua, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging m 
 
 MUus, Mlian, iElianua, -a, um, and 
 
 ^liua. a, um : the Mlian house, JEMa 
 
 gena. 
 Aello, Aello, -fts (/.). 
 Mmilia, ^Emilia, -8b (/.). 
 Mmilius, il'^milius, -ii (m.) ; of or btUng 
 
 ing to Mmitins, or the Mmilian gens, 
 
 Mmilian, iEmilianua, a, -um, and 
 
 iEmilius, -a, -um. 
 Mmon, iEmon, -Onia (m.) ; son of Mmon 
 
 iEmonides. 
 Mmonia, &c.. v. H<tmonia 
 Mnaria. v. Ischia. 
 Mneas, jEneas, -« (m.) ; son or descend 
 
 ant of Mneas, iEnfe&des. -ai (m.) : (tf or 
 
 belonging to Mneas. .Enfiius, a. -imi , 
 
 a poem relating to Mneas, iEneis, -fdoa 
 
 Mneid, ike, iEneia, -idoe (/•). 
 
 Mnia or Mnea, jEnia or i£n6a, «• (/) i 
 of or belonging to Mnea, Mnenn,, .iEne 
 aticua, a. -um ; inhabitants uf Mnea, 
 .fine&U'S, -um (ra.) . ^nianes, -um (m.) ; 
 and iEnicnses, -ium (to.). 
 
 Mnus. ^nu?. -i, 1. (m.) river; 2. (/.) citjr 
 
 Molia, JE61iR. as (/.) ; of or belonging U 
 Molia, Molian. £olicaB, a, -um, ana 
 £oliu8. -a, -um . tht Molian s. £Ale& 
 709
 
 A Q R 
 
 -am ^n.), md ^dlii, -6rum (m.) ; land 
 of tke kalians, Mo\iB, -idos (/.). 
 
 Mtolus, iEoluB, -i (tn.) ; »on or descendant 
 of ^olus, iEolidee, -bb (m.) , daughter 
 or female descendant of jEolus, ^olis, 
 -idi8 (/.). 
 
 Xpytus, jEpytus, -i (/.) ; Mpytian, of or 
 belonging to Mpytus, iEpytius, -a, -um. 
 
 Mqui, the, iEqui, -orum (m.) \ of or be- 
 longing to the ^gui, Mquian, ^qui- 
 cus, -a, -um, and ^quIcQlus, -a, -um ; 
 an JEquian, ^quiciilus, -i (m.). 
 
 Msar, the, JEasr, -Sris (m.) ; Msarian, 
 iGs&rSuB, -a, -um. 
 
 /Eschinea, i£echlnes, -is (m.). 
 
 £schylus, ^.schylus, -1 (m.) ; of JEschy- 
 lus, iEschylean, ^schyleus, -a, -um. 
 
 Msculapius, iEsculapius, -ii (m.) ; M$cu,- 
 lapian, iEsculapius, -a, um ; a temple of 
 Msculapint, iEscul&pium, -ii (n.). 
 
 MsepiLs, the, iEsepus, -i (rn.) ; Mtepian, 
 .BsepiuB, -a, -um. 
 
 /E.ier'da, Msemia, -aa (/.) ; Xiemian, of 
 or belonging to ^aemia, ^eernlnua, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Msis, iEsifl, -is, 1. (m.) a river.— 'i. (/) a 
 lovm ; of or belonging to Xiia, iBsinas, 
 -atis {adj.). 
 
 Xson, .£8011, -dnig (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to ^son, iEsonius, -a, -am ; von ofMton, 
 ^sdnldes, -e (m.). 
 
 M»op, iEsopus, -i (m.) ; jEsopian, of or 
 belonging to Msop, i£s6p6u8, -a, -am, 
 and .^sApIcui, -a, -um. 
 
 MsuUl, iEaula, -m (J.) ; Mgulan, iEsfila- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Mthalia, y. Elba. 
 
 Ethiopia, V. Ethiopia. 
 
 Sthon, i£thon, -onis (m.). 
 
 Etna, iEtna, ■», and ^Etne, -es (/.) ; 
 numniain and city ; of or belonging to 
 Etna, £tnean, Mtamw, -a, -um (joftht 
 mountain), and iGtnenei8, -e (of the 
 eUy). 
 
 Stolta, iEtolia, -as (/.) ; JEtolian, JEtoM- 
 coa, -a, -um ; ;Etoliu8, -a, -um, and i£to- 
 lus, -a, -am ; an Etolian, Mtolxia, -i 
 (m.) ; an Mtolian female, iEtolia, -Idia 
 
 (/•)■ 
 
 mdlut, .£t6lo8, -i (m.) . «OM or descendant 
 of Mtolus, .£t6lide8. 
 
 Afranius, Afranias, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Afranius, Afranianus, -a, -am, 
 and Afranius, -a, -am. 
 
 Africa, Africa, -8b (/.); African, Afer, 
 Afrfii, -um ; Afric&nus, -a, -um, and Afrl- 
 cus, -a, -am. 
 
 Agltmede, AgamSde, -es (/.). 
 
 Agimides, Agamedes, -la (m.). 
 
 AgamemTum, Agamemnon or -no, genitivs 
 -onis (m.) ; of or belonging to ^amtm- 
 non, Agamemn6niu8, ■«, -am; son or 
 descendant of Agamemnon, Agamem- 
 ndnldes, -s (m.). 
 
 Aganippi, Aganippfi, -es (/.) ; Aganippi- 
 an, Aganippgus, -a, -am, and Aganlppl- 
 CU8, -a, -urn ; also, fern. adj. Ag^inlpids, 
 -ides. 
 
 Agar, V. Hagar. 
 
 Agatko, Ag&tho, -onis («.), 
 
 Agathocles, Agithocles, -is (at.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Agathocles, Agatkoetean, 
 Agsthocldus, -a, -am. 
 
 Agathyma, v. St. Agatha. 
 
 Agave, Agave, -es (/.). 
 
 Agbatana, v. Ecbalana. 
 
 Agde, Agatha, -8b (/.). 
 
 Agen, Aginnum. -i (n.). 
 
 Agendicum, Agendicum, -I (n.). 
 
 Agenor, Agenor, -Sris (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Agenor, Ag6n6r6ue, -a, -nm ; son 
 or descendant of Agenor, Agfin&rides, 
 •SB («.). 
 
 AgesilAus. Agfisilaus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Agesipolis, AggefpoUs, -is («.). 
 
 Agincourt, Agincurtium, -11 («.). 
 
 Agis, Agis, -idle, ace A^n, die., and Aglm, 
 Cnrt. (m.). 
 
 Aglaia, Agl&ia, -sb, and -ale, -e« (/.) 
 
 Aglaophon. Aglaophon, -ontls (».). 
 
 Aglauroa, Aglauros, -I (/.). 
 
 Agius, Agnes, -etis (/.). 
 
 Agnon, Agnon, -onla (m.). 
 
 Ajfnonides, Agnonldes, -e (w.). 
 
 Agrigentnm, Agrigentum. -i (n.), Oreek 
 Acr&gaB, -antis (n».) ; of Agrigentum, 
 Agrigeniine, Agrlgentinua, -a, -um, and 
 Acra- or Agragantinaa, -a, -nm. 
 
 4gr^pa, Agiippa, -m (m.) ; of or belong- 
 710 
 
 ALE 
 
 ing to Agrippa, Agripplanus, a, um, 
 and Agrippinus, -a, um. 
 
 Agrippina, Agripplna, -sb (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Agrippina, Agrlpplnensis, 
 -e, and Agrippinianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Agron, Agron, onis (m.). 
 
 Agylla, Agylla, -ae {/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Agylla, Agyllinua, -a, -nm. 
 
 Agyrium, Agyrium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Agyrium, Agyrian, Agyrinenau, 
 •e, and Agyrinus, -a, -am. 
 
 Ahab, Achabus, -i (m.). 
 
 Ahasuenis, Ahasuerus, -i (hi.). 
 
 Aia, the, Allia, -ee (/.). 
 
 Aix, AqueB Sextiee (pl.,f.). 
 
 Aix-ia-Chapelle, Aqnisgranom, -1 (%.). 
 
 Ajaccio, Urcinium, -11 (n.). 
 
 Ajax, Ajax, -acis (m.) ; «om6 of Ajax, A', n 
 Sum, -ii (n.). 
 
 Akhissar, Thyafira, -te (/.). 
 
 Alabanda, Alabanda, -e (/.), and Alaban- 
 da, -orum (re.) ; of or belonging to Ala- 
 banda, Alabandensis, -e ; Alabandenoa, 
 -a, -um ; AlabandlcuB, -a, -am ; and AU- 
 bandlnua, -a, -nm ; an inhabitant of Ala- 
 banda, Alabandeus, -el (m.) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Alabanda, Alabandea, -ium (■».), 
 and Alabandl, -orum. 
 
 Alans, the, Alani, -drum (m.) . .-lUinian, 
 Alanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Alaric, Alaricus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Alastor, Alastor, -6ri8 (m.). 
 
 Alatri, Aletrlum, -Ii («.) ; oj or belonging 
 to Alatri, Aletrtnaa, atia (adj.). 
 
 ^SSiAlazon,.«ms(«.). 
 
 Alba, Alba, -bb (/.) ; Alban, Albftnus, -a, 
 -um, and Albensis, -e; the Albans, Al- 
 bani, -drum (m.). 
 
 Albania, Albania, -« (/.) ; Albanian, Al- 
 banus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Albany, Albania, -as (/.); Villa Albaiia; 
 Albanian, Albanua, -a, -um. 
 
 Albengo, Albium In^aunom, -i (n.). 
 
 Albinius, Albinius, -li (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Albinius, AlbinHnna, -a, -am. 
 
 Albinus, Albinns, -I, (m.). 
 
 Albion, Albion, -5nl8, 1. (f.) as country. — 
 3. (m.) as mase., prop. n. 
 
 Albu, Albia, is (m.). 
 
 Albium, Albium, -ii (n.), r. Albengo and 
 yintimiglia. 
 
 Albius, Albius, -U (m.) ; of or belonging to 
 Albius or the AUna gens, Albius, -a, -am, 
 and Albianus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Aliucius, Albucins, -ii (m.) ; Albueian, Al- 
 bucius, -a, -um. 
 
 Alcaus, Alceeus, -i (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Alatus, Alcaic, Alc^cua, -a, -um ; son 
 or descendant of Alc^us, Aieldea, -ce 
 (voe. -de and -da). 
 
 Alcala, Complutum, -1 (n.). 
 
 Alcamenes, AJc&mfinea, -is (m.). 
 
 Alcander, Alcander, -drl (».). 
 
 Alcanor, Alcflnor, -firis (».). 
 
 Alcathoi, Alcathoe, -es (/.). 
 
 Aleathous, Alcathoua, -1 («.). 
 
 Alee, Alee, -ea (/.). 
 
 Alcenor, AJcSnor, -6rls («.). 
 
 Alcestis, Alcestifl, -Is (/.). 
 
 Aldbiides, Alcibl&des, -is (voc ■de> 
 
 Alcidamas, Alcldamas, -antis (a.). 
 
 Alddes, T. Alctcus. 
 
 Alcimachus, Alclmachos, -1 («.). 
 
 Alcimedt, Alcimgde, -ea (/.). 
 
 Alcimedon, Alcimddon, -ontls («.). 
 
 Alamus, Alcimna, -1 (m.). 
 
 AlcinoHs, Alcinofia, -i (m.). 
 
 Aids, Alcia, -idle (/.). 
 
 Alcmaon, Alcmeeo, -Onis (m.) , of or be- 
 longing to Alcmaon, AlcmteAnios, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Alcman, Alcman, -anls (ace. also -&nt) ; of 
 or belonging to Alcman, AlcmAnicos, 
 -a, -um, and Alcmanios, -a, -nm. 
 
 Alcmena, Alcmgna. -aa, or Alcmend, -es (/.). 
 
 Alcon, Alco, -onis (m.). 
 
 Alcyone, Alcy6nS, -«s (f.f ; Aleftmean, AI- 
 cyon6aa, -a, -um. 
 
 Alaborough, Isuriom, -ii (n.). 
 
 Aldemey, Riduna, -aa (/). 
 
 Alecto, Alecto or Allectd, -tts (/). 
 
 Aleian, Algius, -a, -nm ; the Aleian plaim, 
 Aleiua campua. 
 
 Alemanni, the, Alemanni, -6mm (m.) ; of 
 or belonging to the Alemanni, A lema n- 
 nic, Alemannlcua, -a, -um. 
 
 Alimon. Alemon, -6n\s (m.) ; son or de- 
 scendant of Alemon Alem6nldes,-8e(ai.). 
 
 A M B 
 Aleppo, Bercea, -m (/.). 
 Aleria, Aleria, -sb (/.), and Alalia, •» ^/.^ 
 Aletes, Aletes, -aa (to.). 
 Aletium, Aletium, -ii (ti.) ; Aletian, of «r 
 
 belonging to Aletium, Aletinus, -a, -um 
 Alexander, Alexander, -dri (in.). 
 Alexandria, Alexandria, -aa (/.) ; of or 6» 
 
 longing to Alexandria, Alexandrine, hV 
 
 exandrinus, -a, -um. 
 Alexandrdpolis, AlexandrfipfiUs, -Is (/.). 
 Alexia, Alexio, -onis («.). 
 Alfenus, Alfenus, -i (w.). 
 Alfred, Alfredua, -1 ; purer Latin, Ireneo^ 
 
 •1 (m.). ^ 
 
 Algidus, Algidua, -i (m.^ ; of or belonging 
 
 to Algidus, Algidenais, -e, and Algidua 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Algier, Algeria, -aa (/); Julia Ceesarta 
 
 Alicante, Lucentum, -i (n.). 
 
 Alimentus, Alimentus, -i (m.). 
 
 Alinda. Alinda, -aa (/.) ; <j/" or bslonging 
 to Alinda, Alindenais, -e. 
 
 Alise, Alesia, -aa (/.). 
 
 Allia, Allia, -s (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 the Allia, Allienais, -e. 
 
 Alice, Alicia, -aa (/.). 
 
 AUienus, Allienua, -i (m.). 
 
 AUier, the, Elaver, -Sris (m.). 
 
 AUifit, AUifee, -arum (pi., /.) , of or be- 
 longing to AUifte, AUifantan, Allifaaus, 
 -a, -am. 
 
 Allobrogian, an, Allobrox, -figis (m.) ; (A* 
 AUohrogians, Allcbrdges, -um ; AUa- 
 brogian, AUo'brogicns, -a, -um. 
 
 Almaden, Sis&pon, onia (/.). 
 
 Almo, Almo, -onia (to.), 1. a river. — Z. a 
 man's name: Almon, -onis (/.), a city. 
 
 Alnwick, Alnevicum, -i (n.). 
 
 Aloeus, Aloeus, -ei (m.) ; son or dssesndmm 
 of Aloeus, Alof dea, -as (m.). 
 
 Aloni, Alone, -es (/.). 
 
 Alonlio, T. Aluntium. 
 
 AUpe, Alope, -ea (/.). 
 
 AUirus, Alonie, -i (/.) , the inhahitamU qf 
 Alorus, Aloritae, -arum (m.). 
 
 Alphenor, Alphenor, -6ris (».). 
 
 Alphius, the, Alpheas, i (m.) ; of or bs- 
 longing to the Alpheus, Alpb6us,-a, -am ; 
 aspeeul.fem. adj., Alpheiaa, -ftdls (p.). 
 
 Alps, the, Alpes, -ium (/.); of or belong- 
 ing to ths Alps, Alpine, Alplnas, -a, -am, 
 and Alplcua, -a, -um. 
 
 Alsace, Alsatia, -m (/.). 
 
 Alaium, Alsium, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging 
 to Alsium, Alaiensia, -«, and Alsius, ••, 
 -um. 
 
 AUinum (mod. AUino), Altlnam, -1 (n.) ; 
 of or belonging to Altinum, AltlnSs, gen. 
 -&tis, and Altlnua, -a, -um. 
 
 Aluntium (now Alontio), Aluntium, -il (».) , 
 of or belonging to Aluntium, Aluntinus, 
 •a, -um. 
 
 Alyattes, Alyattes, -is or -ei (m.). 
 
 Alymon, Alytnon, -onis (m.). 
 
 Alyzia, Alyzia or -zea, -«b (/.). 
 
 Amalec, Amalechus, -i (m.). 
 
 Amalekites, the, Amalechlte, -arum (fa.) 
 
 Amalfi, Melphia, -se> (/.). 
 
 Amalthea, Amalthea, -» (f) -, temple of 
 Amalthea, Amaltbeum, -{(n.). 
 
 Amanda, Amanda, -ea (/.). 
 
 Amanus, Amanua, -1 (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Amanus, Amanienris, ■«, and Amasd- 
 ens, -a, -um; the passes of Amanus, 
 AmanicBB pylsB. 
 
 Amaryllis, Am&ryllis, -Idis (/.), aee. -Idt, 
 voc. -i. 
 
 Amarynihua, Amarynthns, -i ; Amarynthi- 
 an, Amarynthia, -Idis (Jem. adj.). 
 
 Amaseno, the, Amasenua, -i (m.). 
 
 Amasia, Amasla, -ee (/.), a city; (m.) masc. 
 prop. name. 
 
 Amasis, Amaeis, -is (m.). 
 
 Amastris (now Amastro), Amastris, -Is (J.) , 
 of or belonging to Amastris, AmasoU- 
 cus, -a, -um ; inhabitants of Amastris, 
 Amastri&nl, -orum (m.). 
 
 Amathus, AmdthQs, -untia (/), ace poeL 
 -unta ; of or belonging to Amathvs, Am- 
 athusian, Amathasiua, -a, -nm, arid Am- 
 athusi&cus, -a, -um. 
 
 Ambiant, the, Ambianl, -orum (at.). 
 
 Ambiortx, Ambiorix, -isis (m.). 
 
 Ambivius, Ambivlus, -11 (m.). 
 
 Ambracia, Ambrftcia, -ea (/) ; Amhradan, 
 Amhrftciua, -a, -um ; Ambrftclensis, -« 
 Ambracian Qulf (now Gulf (tf Arta), 
 Ambraeias sinus ; an inh/Uiitant of Am
 
 A M Y 
 
 oricia, Ainhriciota or -tes, gen. m {m.f ; 
 fern, ad- . Ambracias, -ftdis. 
 Amhrouea, the, Ambrftnea, -um (m.). 
 dmbrcse. Anibrdsius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing tc Ambrose, Ambrosian, Ambrftsia- 
 nos, -a, -um. 
 Amelia, Amelia, -8b (/.). Vid., also, Ame- 
 
 Tia. 
 Anuria (now Amelia), Arafiria, -88 (/.) ; of 
 or belonging to Amcria, Amerian, Am6- 
 rlnua, -a, -um. 
 America, America, -rj (/.) ; for long quan- 
 tity of penult, V. Humboldt, Hist, de la 
 Oeog., vol. iv., p. 52, aq. ; American, 
 AmericanuB, -a, -um ; the United States 
 of America, Civitatcs FcederatiB Ameri- 
 canaj ; North America, America Septen- 
 trionaJifl ; South America, America Me- 
 ridiana. 
 Ameslratus, AraestrftCus, -i (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Amestratus, Ameatratian, 
 AmuBiratinus, -a, -um. 
 Amiens, Samarobriva, -as (/.). 
 Amilcar, v. Hamilcar. 
 Aminttan, Aminatus, -a, -um. 
 Amisus, Amisus, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Amisus, Amisian, Amisenus, -a, -um. 
 Amitemum, Amitemum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Amitemum, Amiteniian, Am- 
 Iteminue, -a, -um, and poet. Amitemue, 
 -a, -um. 
 Amitinum, Amitiuum, -i (n.) ; Amitinian, 
 
 Amitinensis, -e. 
 Ammianus, Ammianus, -i (m.). 
 Amman, Ammon, -onis (7».) ; of or be- 
 longing to Ammon, Am^/ionian, Ainm6- 
 niacus, -a. um. 
 Ammonites, the, Anomonitag, -arum (m.). 
 Amabeus, AmoebSus, -ei (»».) ; ace. poet. 
 
 ■ea. 
 Amotjus, Amorgos or -gus, -I (/.). 
 Amos, Amosus, -i, and Amos, mdecl. («.). 
 Ampelius, Ampelius, -ii (m.). 
 Ampkiirans, AmphiarauB -i (m.); of or 
 belonging to Amphiara-ts, Amphiar&eUB, 
 -8, -um ; son or descendant of Amphia- 
 rang, Ampliiaraides, -» (»»■). 
 Amphicrates, AmphicrStes, -is (m.). 
 Amphiayon, Amphictyon, -6ni8 (n».) ; the 
 Amphictyons, Amphictyones, -um, ace. 
 -Ss {Amphictyonic council). 
 Ampliidamas, Amphidamas, -antiB (m.). 
 Amphilochi, the, AmphilSchi, -orum (m.) ; 
 (Ae country of the Amphilochi, Amphi- 
 lochin, -BB (/.) ; Amphilockian, Ampbi- 
 lochicuB, -a, -um, or -lochius, -a, -um. 
 Amphilochns, AmphilochuB, -i (m.). 
 Amphimedon, Amphimfidon, -ontia (m.). 
 Amphin&mus, Amphiuomus, -i (m.). 
 An^hion, Amphion, -dnis (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Amphion, Amphlftniua, -a, 
 •um. 
 Amphipolis, AmphipSlis, -is (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Amphipolis, Amphivolitan, 
 Amphipolitanus, -a, um ; an innabitanl 
 of Amphipolis, Amphipolites, -as (to.). 
 Ampkissa, Amphisaa, -as (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Amphissa. Amphissius, -a, 
 ■um. 
 Amphithimis, AraphithSmiB, -Idis (m.). 
 Amphiirite, Amphitrite, -es (/.). 
 Amphitryo, Araphitrilo or Amphitryon, 
 •onis (.TO.) ; son or descendant of Am- 
 phitryo, Amphitryoniades, -ee (m.) ;/em. 
 adj., of or descended from Amphitryo, 
 Amphitryonis, -Idis. 
 Amphrysus, Amphrysus, i (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Amphrysus, Amphrytian, 
 Amphrysius, -a, -um, and AmpDr^si- 
 ftcuB, -a, -um. 
 Ampsaga, the, Ampsaga, -m (m.). 
 Ampsanctui, Arapsanctus, i (ra.). 
 Ampycua, Ampycus, -i (ra.) ; son or d»- 
 ecendant of Ampycus, Ampjcldea, •« 
 
 ("••)• 
 Ampyr, Ampyx, -ycis (m.). 
 Amsanetua, v. Ampaanctua. 
 Amsterdam, Amsteleedamum and -loda- 
 
 mum. -i (n.). 
 Amulius, Amulius, •ii (ra.). 
 Amy, Amicia, -liB, and Amata, m {/.). 
 Amy da, Amyclw, -arum (/.) ; of or be- 
 
 longing to AmycUe, AmycUtan, Amy- 
 
 clffios, -a, -um, and Amyclanus, -a, -um. 
 Amyclas, Amyclas, -8b (ra.) ; son or de- 
 
 »cendant of Amyclas, AmycUde«, •» (m.). 
 Amycug, Amyous, -i (m.). 
 dmydon, Amydon, -onis (/.). 
 Am^mine. Amvm6n6, ea (/.) ; of or be- 
 
 AND 
 
 lunging to Amymone, Amymftnius, -a, 
 ■um. 
 Amynander, Amynander, -dri (ra.). 
 Amyntat, Amvntaa, -aa (m.) ; ton or de- 
 scendant of Amyntat, AmyntlAdes, -te 
 (ra.). 
 Amyntor, Amyntor, 6ri8 (m.) ; son or de- 
 scendant of Amyntor, Amyntorides, -bb 
 (ra.). 
 Amythaon, Amjthaon, -ftnis (m.) ; of or 
 descended from Amythaon, Amythadni- 
 UB, -a, -um. 
 Amyzon, Amyzon, -onis (/.). 
 Anacharais, Anacharais, -ia (m.). 
 Anacreon. AnacrSon, -ontiB (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Anacreon, Anacreontic, Ana- 
 crcontSus, -a, -um, or -Hua, -a, -um, and 
 AnacrcontTcua, -a, -um. 
 Anaclorium, Anactfirium, -ii (n.) ; of or 
 belonging to Anactorium, Anadorian, 
 Anac'firius, a, -um. 
 Anagn.x. Anagnia, » (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Anagnia, Anagnian, Anagnlous, 
 -a, -um. 
 Anaitis, AnftJtia, -Idia (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Anaitis. Anaiticua, -a, -um. 
 Ananias, Ananias, -a* (ra.). 
 Anaphe, Anftphe, -es (/.). 
 Anapo. the, Anapis, -is, or Anapus, -1 (in.). 
 Anas, the, Anas, -sB (m.). 
 Anattnsitis, Ana-stisius, -ii (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Anastasiut, AnaatislamiB, -a, 
 •um. 
 Anaurua. the, Anaurus, -i (ra.). 
 Anaxagoras, Anaxagftras, -SB («.) ; of or 
 belonging to Anazagoraa, Anaxagori- 
 an, AnaxagorgUB, -a, -um. 
 Anaxander, Anaxander, -drl ("•.). 
 Anazarchut, Anaxarchus, -. (m.). 
 Anaxarete, Anaxftrfite, -es (/.). 
 Anazilaut, Anaxilaus, 1 (ra.). 
 Anaximander, Anaximander, •dri («.). 
 Anaximinet, Anaxlmgnea, -i* (».). 
 Anaxipolit, AnaxipOlis, •is (»«.). 
 Anatua, Anceeue, •! (m.). 
 Ancalitea, the Ancalitea, -um (m.). 
 Anchariua, Anchariua, -ii (m.) ; Anehari- 
 an, of or belonging to Ancharint, An- 
 charianus, -a, -um. 
 Anckemolns, AnchSmSluB, -i (ra.). 
 Anchiaie, Anchifilg, -es (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Anchiaie, AncUaJIt&nus, -a, -um 
 (iaee). 
 Anehialus, Anchialus, -i (/.), a city ; («•) 
 
 man's name. 
 Anchxaes, Anchlses, -a (ra.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Anchisea, Anchiseus or -e^us, -a, 
 -um ; ton or descendant of Anchitea, An- 
 chlsi&des, -e (m.). 
 Aneona, Ancon, -dots, and Ancdna, •» 
 (/.) ; of or belonging to Aneona, An- 
 conltanus, -a, •um. 
 Ancua, Ancus, -l (ra.). 
 Aneyra, Ancyra, •» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Ancyra, Ancyranos. -a, -um. 
 Andalntia, BiBtica, -bb (/.), or Vandalitla, 
 
 ■as (/). 
 Andania, the, Andanls, -is (».). 
 Andatit, Andatia, -ia (/.). 
 Andantonium, Andantonium, -il (n.) ; of 
 or belonging to Andantonium, Andan- 
 toniensis, -e. 
 Andegavi, the. Andegavi, -orum (m.). 
 Andera, And^ra, orum (n.). 
 Anderitum, Andfiritum, -i (n.). 
 Andemach, Antunnacum, -i (n.). 
 Andes, the, Andee, -lum (ra.) ; 1 fl people 
 of Oaul, and, 2. city of Italy ; cf or be- 
 longing to Andes (2), Andtous, a, -um. 
 Andoddea, Andftcldes, ia (m.). 
 Andrttmon, Andreemon, -dnis (ra.). 
 Andrew, Andreas, -ad (ra.). 
 Andriaea, Andriaca, -m, and -lace, -e« 
 
 Andrtan, r. Androa. 
 
 Andricut, Andricus, -i (m.). 
 
 Andriicua, Andriecus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Andro, v. Andron. 
 
 Androbulut, Androbfllus, -1 (m-). 
 
 Androclea, Androcles, -Ib (ra.). 
 
 Androcydea, Androcydes, -is (ra.). 
 
 Andrigeus, Andr6g6uB, -i and -on, gen. 
 •onlB, ace. -ona (ra.) ; of or belonging to 
 Androgens, Andr6g66n6u8, -a, -um. 
 
 Andromache, Andr6macii6, -ea, and -cha, 
 1 -» (/.). 
 1 Andromeda, AndrOmfida, -es, and mfidd, 
 
 1 ■es(/.). ^ , ^ 
 
 I Andromenea, AndrJSmfines, -is (m-). 
 
 A NT 
 
 ^Hc/ron, Andron, -onia (m of or belong 
 ing to Androu, Andronius, -a, -um. 
 
 Andronicus, Androuicus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Androa, Androa and Andrue, -i (/.) ; <tf 
 or belonging to Androa, Andrian, An- 
 driuB, -a, -um. 
 
 Aitdroathenea, .^ndrosthgnes, -ia (ra.). 
 
 Androiion, Androtion, -onia (m.). 
 
 Andorra, Andura, » (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Andorra, Andurensia, -e. 
 
 Anemo {now Amone), the, AnSmo, onli 
 (ra.). 
 
 Anemurium. AnSmQrium, -ii (n.) ; of or be 
 longing to Anemurium, Anemurlenaii, 
 •e. 
 
 Angerona. AngSrona, •» ( f.) -, festival in 
 honor of Angerona, Angeron&Ua, -ium 
 and -orum («.). 
 
 Angera, AndegSva, -ffi (/.). 
 
 Angitia, Angitia, •aj (/.). 
 
 Anglesey, Mona, -bb (/.). 
 
 Angli, the, V. England. 
 
 Angora, Ancyra, -» (f.) 
 
 Angrivarii, AngrivSrii, orum (ra.). 
 
 Aniciua, Anicius, ii (ra.) ; of or belonging 
 to Aniciua, Anician, Anicianua, -a, -um. 
 
 Anto (now Teeerone), the, Anio, -onis, Ani- 
 en, -enis, and Anienua, -i (ra.) \ of or be- 
 longing to the Anio, Aniinus. -a, -um 
 (poet.), and Anienaia, -e ; a dweller on 
 tne Anio, Anienic6la, -as (m.) 
 
 Anigroa, the, Anigros, -i (ra.). 
 
 Anistorgis, Aniatorgia. is (/.). 
 
 Aniua. Aniua. -ii (ra.). 
 
 Anjou, Andea, -ium (m.) ; of Anjou, Aadl 
 nua, -a, -um. 
 
 :{:;;?! A— </■>• 
 
 Anntea, Annua, -m (/.). 
 
 Annans, Annajua, -i (ra.). 
 
 Annalis, Annalia, -ia (ra.). 
 
 Annapolis, Annapolia, -is (/.) 
 
 AnTuia, Anueia, -m (/.). 
 
 Anneius, Anneius, IL («.). 
 
 Annianua, Annianus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Annibal, v. Hannibal. 
 
 Anniceris, Anniceria. -is and -idis («.) 
 the followers of Annieerit, AnnlrSril, 
 -orum (m.). 
 
 Annia, Annia, -» (/.). 
 
 Annius, Annius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Annius, Annian, Annius, -a, nm ; 
 Annianua, -a, -um ; descendants of tht 
 Annia gens, Anniads, -arum (m.). 
 
 .^n«JacA,.Onolsbacum, -i (n.). 
 
 Aneer, Anaer, -eris (m.). 
 
 AnUtopolia, AntKopolie, -ia (}.) ; AiMts- 
 politan, Anta:'6p61ite6, -a- (ra.). 
 
 Antaiia, Anteus, i (m.). 
 
 Antandroa. Antandros, and -drus, -i (/.) , 
 of or belonging to Antandroi, Antan 
 drius, -a, -um. 
 
 Antarctic Ocean, Oceanus Antarcticus, 
 
 Antemna, AntemnsB, -arum (/.), alao in 
 aing., but unua., -emna, -sb (/.) ; the in- 
 haHtants of Antemna., Antemnatea, -lum, 
 (ra.). 
 
 Antenor, Antenor, -firis (ra.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Antenor, Ant6n6r6u.". -a, 
 •um; son of Antenor, Antendridca, ■■ 
 (ra.). 
 
 Anteroa, Antfiroa, -oUs (ra.). 
 
 Anthedon, Anthedon, -ftnis (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Anthedon, Antheddnias, -a, 
 -um. 
 Anthemus, Anthgmus, -untis (/.J, and Aa- 
 themuaias, adis (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Anthemus, Anthemuaiua, -a, -nm. 
 Anthium, Anthium, -ii (n.). 
 Anthony, v. Antoniua. 
 Antidntra, AntianSra, -8b (/.). 
 Antibe^s, Antipolis, -is (/.). 
 Anticinobis, Anticinobis, -idis (/.). 
 Anticlea. Anticlea, -m (/). 
 Anticlides, Anticlldes, -tB (ra.). 
 Anticyra, AnHcyra, -aj (/.) ; the inAoMt- 
 ants of Anticyra, Anticyrenaes, -iuM 
 
 (ra)- 
 Antigenet, AntigSnes, -is (ra.). 
 Antigenides, AntigSnidas, and -dea, •• 
 
 (ra.). 
 Antigine, AntlgCnfi, -eB. and -gona, -» (/). 
 Antigonea, Antigonga or -nia. •sb if.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to Antigonea, AntigOnan 
 
 gia, -e. 
 Antig&tnis, AnHgonua, -i (ra.) 
 Antigua. Antiqna. -a) (/.). 
 AntUibanus, Antilibanus, -i (m,). 
 Aruilochue, Antil6cbu8, -i (ra.). 
 
 711
 
 A P O 
 
 Anitmachus, Antimachus, -i (m.). 
 
 Antinous, Antinous, -i (m.) ; of or belong- j 
 ing to Antinous, Antinoeue, a, -um. 
 
 Antxnum, Antinum, -i (n.) ; inhabilanls of \ 
 Antinum, Antinates, -um (m.). 
 
 Antioch, Antiochea, and -chia, -ee (/.); of 
 or belonging to Antioch, AntifichensiB, 
 « ; Antiochenus, -a, -um (late) ; Antid- 
 cheus or -cbius, -a, -um (,Cic.) ; the in- 
 habitants of Antioch, Antiochienses, -ium 
 
 ("»•)• 
 Antiochus, Antiochus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 tng to Antiochus, Antiochinus, -a, -um 
 (e. g., belliim, &c., Cic.) ; pecul. fern., 
 Antiochis, -idos. 
 Antiope, Antiope, -es, and -opa, -88 (/■)• 
 Antiparos, 01ear":s., -i (/.). 
 Antipdter, Antipater, -tri (m.). 
 Antipalria, Antipatria, -m (/.). 
 Antiphas, Antiphas, -antis (m.). 
 
 Antiphates, Antiphates, -te (m.). 
 
 Antiphellus, Antiphellus or -los, -i (/.)• 
 
 4ntipho, Antipho, -onis, and Antiphon, 
 -ontis (m.). 
 
 Antipolis, Antapolis, -is (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Antipolis, Antipolitanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Antirrhium, Antirrhium, -i (».). 
 
 4ntissa, Antissa, -a (/.); of or belonging 
 to Antissa, AntisssBus, -a, -um. 
 
 Antisthenes, Antisthenes, -is and -» (m.). 
 
 Antistius, Antistius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Antium, Antium, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging 
 to Antium, Antias, gen. -atis ; Andanus. 
 -a, -um ; Antiatinus, -a, -um ; Antiensis, 
 -e; and Antius, -a, -um. 
 
 Antoninus, Antoninus, -1 (m.) ; of or bt- 
 longing t" Antoninus, Antoninianus, -a, 
 ■um. 
 
 Antoniopdlis, Antoniopolis, -is (/.) ; the in- 
 habitants of AntoniopoUa, Antoniopoli- 
 tB, -arum (m.). 
 
 Antonius, Antonius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Antonius, Antonianus, -a, -um, 
 and Antonius, -a, -um. 
 
 Antrim, Antrinum, -i (n.). 
 
 Antron, Antron, -onis (/.). 
 
 Antwerp, Antuerpia, ■« (/.) ; of Antwerp, 
 Antuerpianus, -a, -um, and Antuerpien- 
 sis, e. 
 
 Anubis, Anubis, -is and -idis (m.). 
 
 Amur, Anxur, -uris (n.), a city ; also a 
 mountain and name of a hero, both masc. ; 
 of or belonging to Anxur, Anxflras, -atis, 
 and Anxurus, -a, -um (poet.). 
 
 Anytus, Anytus, -i (m.). 
 
 Aon, Aon, -onis (m.) ; son or descendant 
 of Aon, Aonides, -w (m.). 
 
 Aonia, A6nia, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Aonia, Aonius, -a, -luu ; pecul. fern., A6- 
 nis, -idis ; inhabitants of Adnia, Aones, 
 -um, ace. -as (m.). 
 
 Aosta, Augusta Prsetoria (/.). 
 
 Aiius, the, Aotts, -i (m.). 
 
 Apdmia, Apemea or -mla, -aj (f); of or 
 belonging to Apamea, Ap&mensis, -e, 
 and Apamenus, -a, -um ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Apamea, Apamei, -orum (m.). 
 
 Apella, Apella, -sb (m.). 
 
 Apelles, Apelles, -is (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Apelles, Apelleus, -a, um. 
 
 Apennines, the (mountains), Apennini 
 Montes (m.) ; Apennine, Apenninus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Aper, Aper, Apri (m.). 
 
 Aperantia, Aperantia, -8b (/.) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Aperantia, Aperantii, -orum (ra.). 
 
 Aphareus, Aphareus, -ei (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Aphareus, Aphareius, -a, -um. 
 
 Aphas, Aphas, -antis (m.). 
 
 Aphesas, Aphesas, -antis, ace -anta (m.). 
 
 Apkidna, Aphidna, -bb, and -idnsB, -arum 
 
 Aphrodisias, Aphr6d!sia8, -idis (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Aphrodisias, Apbrodisien- 
 eis, -e, and Apbrodisieus, -a, -um; the 
 inhabitants of Aphrodisias, Aphrodisi- 
 enses, -ium (m.) 
 
 Aphrodisium, Aplirodisinm, -ii (n.). 
 
 Apicins, Apicius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
 to Apicius, Apician, Apicianus, -a, -urn, 
 and Apicius, -a, -um. 
 
 Apidanus, the, Apidanus, -i (tn.). 
 
 Apion, Apion, -onis (m.). 
 
 Apis, Apis, -is (m.). 
 
 Apodoti, the, ApodSti, -orum (m.). 
 
 ApoUinaris, Apollinaris. -is (m.). 
 
 ipoUo, ApoUo, -inis (m.) ; 0/ or belonging 
 to ApoUo, ApoIlin6ue, -a, -um, and Apol- 
 UnArls, -e. 
 719 
 
 ARC 
 
 Apollddiirus, ApoUodorus, -i (m./ ,ofor\ 
 belonging to Apollodorut, Apollodoreus, 
 -a, -um; the folloicers or imitators of 
 ApoUodorus, ApoUodorei, -orum (m.). 
 Apollonia, ApoUonia, -83 (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Apollonia, Apolloniensis, -e, 
 and ApoUoniaticus, -a, -um ; an inhab- 
 itant of Apollonia, Apolloniates, -bb, and 
 Apollonins, -atis (m.). 
 Apollonides, Apollonides, -sb (m.). 
 Apollonis. Apollonis, -idis (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Apollonis, Apollonidensis, -e. 
 ApoUonius, Apollonius, -ii (m.). 
 Apollos, Apollos, -i (m.). 
 Apollyon, Apollyon, -onis, (m.). 
 Aponus, Ap6nus, -i (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Aponus, Aponinus, -a, -um, and Ap6- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 Appenzell, Abbatis Cella (/). 
 Appia, Appia, -sb (/.), a city ; of or belong- 
 ing to Appia, Appian, Appianus, -a, -um. 
 Appian, v. Appius ; Apptan Way, Appia 
 
 Via (/.). 
 Appius, Appius, -ii (m.), and Appia, Ap- 
 pia, -ffl (/.). Roman proper names; the 
 Appian family, Appia gens ; of or be- 
 longing to the Appia gens, or to Appius, 
 Appianus, -a, -um ; pecul. fern. Appias, 
 -ftdis ; son or descendant of Appius, Ap- 
 piades, -« (m.). 
 Appleby, Aballaba, -8b (^). 
 App'deius, Appiileius, -ii (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Appuleius, Appuleianua, -a, 
 -um. 
 Appulia, V. Apulia. 
 
 Apronhts, Apronius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Apronius, Apronianus, -a, -um. 
 ApruA~m, Aprustum, -i (n.) ; inhabitants 
 
 of Aprustum, Aprustani, -orum (ra.). 
 Apta (a city), Apta (Julia), -as (/.) ; inhab- 
 itants of Apta, Aptenses, -ium (m.). 
 Apuleius, V. Appuldus. 
 Apulia, Apulia, -a (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Apulia, Apulian, Apiilus, -a, -um, and 
 Apiilicus, -a, -um. 
 Apulum, Apulum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Apulum, Apulensis, -e. 
 Aquila, Aquila, -» (m.). 
 Aguileia, Aquileia, -ffi (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Aquileia. Aquileiensis, -e, and 
 Aquileius, -a, -um. 
 Aguilius, Aquilius. -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Aquilius, Aquilianus, -a, -um, and 
 AquiliuB, -a, -um. 
 Aquxnum (now Aquino), Aqulnum, -i (n.) ; 
 of or belonging to Aquinum, Aquinas, 
 -atis; the inhabitants of Aquinum, Aqnl- 
 nates, -ium. 
 Aquitania, Aquitania, -as (/.) ; of or be^ 
 longing to Aquitania, Aquitanus, -a, 
 -um; Aquitanicus, -a, -um; and Aqni- 
 tanensis, -e ; the inhabitants of Aquita- 
 nia, Aquitani, Aquitfini, -drum (f».). 
 Arabella, Arabella, -as (/.). 
 Arabia, Arabia, -ffl (/-) ; of or belonging 
 to Arabia, Arabian, Arabicus, -a, -um ; 
 Arabius, -a, -vm (Arabus, -a, -um ; Ara- 
 bianus, -a, -um ; and Arabinus, -a, -am, 
 late); an Arab, Arabs, -ibis (m.); an 
 Arab female, Arabissa, -bb ; the Arabians, 
 Arabes, -um. 
 Arachne, Arachne, -es (/) ; of or Belong- 
 ing to Arachne, Arachnaus, -a, -um. 
 Arachisia, Arachosia, -» (/.) ; Arachosian, 
 ArachCsius, -a, -um ; the Arachosians, 
 Arachosii, -orum, and Arachota, -arum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Aracynthus, Aracynthus, -i (m.). 
 
 Aradus. Aradus, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Aradus, Aradeus, -a, -um, and Arftdi- 
 
 us, -a, -um. 
 Aragon, Aragonia, -a (/.). 
 Aramaa, Aramaa, -a (/.) ; the Aranuei, 
 
 Aramai, -orum (m.). 
 Arar, the, Arar or Ar&ris, -is, ace -im 
 
 sometimes in, abl. -i (m.) ; of the Arar, 
 
 Araricua, -a, -um. 
 Ararat, Ararat (m.), indecl. 
 Aratus, Aratus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Aratus, Arateus, -a, -um. 
 Arausio, Arausio, -onis (/.). 
 Araxes, the, Araxes, -is (m.) , of or belong- 
 ing to the Araxes. Araxeus, a, -um. 
 Arbaces, Arbftces, -is (m.). 
 Arbela, Arbela, -orum (n.); the country 
 
 of, around Arbela, Arbelitis, idis (/.). 
 Arcadia, Arcadia, -a (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Arcadia, Arcadian, Arcadicus, -a, 
 
 -um, and Arcadius, -a, -um ; an Arcadi- 
 
 A R) 
 
 an. Areas, -fidis n.), act. poet, -di, ait* 
 pi. -das. 
 Arcadius, Arcftdius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Arcadius, Arcadianus, -a, -um. 
 Arc^, Area, -arum (/.) ; of ir belonging 
 
 to Area:, Arean, Arcanus, -a, -um. 
 Arcesilas, Arcesilas, -a (m.). 
 Arcesilaus, Areesilaus, -i (m.). 
 Archangel, ArchangelopoUs, -is, and Mi 
 
 ehaelopolis, -is (/). 
 Arche, Arche, -es (/.). 
 Archebalus, Archebulus, -i (m.) ; of or n 
 toting to Archebulus, ArchebOlSus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Archelats, Archelais, -idis (/.). 
 Archeldus, Archelaus, -i (m.). 
 Archem/lchus, Archemachus, -i (m.). 
 Archemorus, Arcbfimorus, -i (m.). 
 Arehias, Arehias, -a (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Arehias, Archiacus, -a, -um. 
 Archibald, Arehibaldus, -i (m.). 
 Archidemus, Archidemus, -i (m.). 
 Archigenes, Archigenes, -is (m.). 
 Archildchus, Archilochus, -i (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Archilochus, Arehilochius, -a, 
 -um. 
 Archimedes, Archimedes, -is (m.) , of or 
 belonging to At 'Mmedes, Archimedeua, 
 •a, -um. 
 Archipelago (Grecian), Mssum Mare. 
 Archippe, Archippe, -es (/.). 
 Archippus, Arehippus, -i (m.). 
 Archytas, Archytas, -a (m.). 
 Ardea, Ardea, -a (/.) ; of or belonging u 
 Ardea, ArdeStinus, -a, -um, and Ardeaa, 
 -atis ; the inhabitants of Ardea, Ardeate*, 
 -ium (m.). 
 Ardennes (Forest of), Arduenna (silva), -m. 
 Arecomici, the, Arecomici, -orum (m.). 
 Arelate (now Aries), Arelas, -atis (f.), 
 usu. Arel&tS, -is (u.) ; of or belonging 
 to Arelate, Arelatensis, -e. 
 Aremberg, Areburgium, -ii (n.). 
 Areopagus, Areopagus, -i (m.); of or b* 
 longing to the Areopagus, Areopa^itic, 
 AreSpagiticus, -a, -um : an Areopagite, a 
 member of the Areopagus, Areopagitee, 
 -a (to.). 
 Arestor, Arestor, -ori? ,m.) ; son or de- 
 scendant of Aresior. Arestorides, -a (m.; 
 Aretho, the, Aretho, -onis im.). 
 Arethusa, Arethusa, -a (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Arethusa, Arethusaus, -a, -um, 
 and Arethusius, -a, -um ; pecul. fern, 
 Arethiisis, -idis (poet.). 
 Arevaci, the, Arevftci, -orum (m.). 
 Areizo, v. Arretium. 
 
 Arganthonius, Arganthonius, -ii (m.) , oj 
 or relating to Arganthonius, Argantho- 
 niacus, -a, -um. 
 Argentoratum, ArgentSratum, -i (n.) ; of 
 or belo7iging to Argentoratum, Argen- 
 tftratenBis, -e. 
 Argiletum, Argflfitum, -I (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Argiletum, Arglletanus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Arginusa (the islands), ArginOsa, -arum 
 
 (/.), sc. insula. 
 Argo, Argo, gen. -gUs, ace. -go (/.) ; of ot 
 
 relating to the Argo, Argons, -a, -um. 
 Argolis, ArgSlis, -idis (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Argolis, Argolic, Argolicus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Argonauts, the, Argonauts, -*rum (m >. 
 Argos, Argos (n.), indecL, and Arei, -orum 
 (771.) ; of or belonging to Argos, Argive, 
 Argeus or -gius, -a, -um. and Argivus, 
 -a, -um. 
 Argus, Argus, -i (m.). 
 Argyle, Argathelia, -a (/.). 
 Aria, Aria, -a (/.); of or behngivg u 
 Aria, Arlus, -a, -um ; tA£ inhabitants o. 
 Aria, Arii, -orum (m.). 
 Ariadne, Ariadna, -a and -dne, -es (/.; , 
 of or belonging to Ariadne, Ariadnaus, 
 •a, -um. 
 Ariana, Ariana, -a (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Ariana, Ari&nus, -a, -um. 
 Ariarathes, Ariarathes, -is (m.). 
 Aricia, Aricia, -a (/.) ; of or belonging te 
 
 Aricia, ArlcinuB, -a, -um. 
 Aridaus, Aridaus, -i (m.). 
 Arimaspi, the, Arimaspi, -orum (m.). 
 Arimathea, Arimathia, -a (/.). 
 Ariminum, Ariminmm, -i (n.)-, of or b» 
 longing to Ariminum, Ariminensis. -e 
 the inhabitants of Ariminum, ArimXnea 
 see, -ium (m). 
 Ariobarzanet, Ariobarzanes. is (m.
 
 A au 
 
 Irion. Arion, -dnis (ro.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Arion, ArioDiue, -a, -um. 
 ^riovitius, Ariovistue, -i (»n.). 
 Arieba, Arisba, -bb, and be, -ee (/.). 
 dristauB, ArUtaJue, -i (m.). 
 Aristaguraa, Aristag6ra8, -8) (m.). 
 AristandtT, Aristander, ndri (ra.). 
 Arislarchut, Aristarchus, -i (m.) ; ofor be- 
 longing to Arislarchus, Arielarckian, 
 AristarcbeuB, -a, -nm. 
 Aristeas, Aristeas, -m (m.). 
 Aristides, AristideB, -is (m.). 
 Ariiiipptu, Aristippufl, i (m.); of or be- 
 longing to Aristipptit, Ariitippean, Aria- 
 tippeus, -a, -um. 
 Arieiius. Aristius, -ii (m.). 
 Arisio, Arifito, -onia (m.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Aritto, Aristoneue, -a, -um. 
 AristobuluB, Aristobulus, i (m.). 
 Arulodemus, Aristodemus, -i (ra.). 
 Arisiuglton, AriuUigito, -ooia (m.). 
 Arisiumiche, Aristomache, -es (/.). 
 Aristomenes, Aristomenes, is (w.). 
 Aristonicus, Aristonicus, -i (m.). 
 ArUtdphants, Aristophanes, -is (n.) ; of or 
 belonging to Aristophanes, Arislophanic, 
 Aristopbaneus or -ius, -a, -um, and Aris- 
 topbonicus, -a, -um (late). 
 Ariiiotle, AristotSles, -is (ro.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Aristotle, Aristotelian, Aria- 
 tAt^leus or -ius, -a, -um. 
 Arutoxenus, Aristoxenus, -i (m.) 
 Arittus, Aristus, -i (m-). 
 Arius, Arlus, -ii (ra.) ; of or belonging to 
 Arius, Arian, Arlanus, -a, -um ; the Ari- 
 ant, Ariani, -orum. 
 Ariusian, Ariusius, -a, -um. 
 Arkansas, Arkansa, -m (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Arkansas, Arkaneiensis, -e. 
 Aries, V. Arelate. 
 Armagh, Ardimacha, -sb (/.). 
 Armenia, Armenia, -» (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Armenia, Armenian, ArmfiDius, 
 •a, -um, and Aniieniacus, -a, -um. 
 Arminiiis, Arminius, -ii (m.), v. Hermann. ) 
 Amorica, Armdrica, -as (/.) , Armoricari, 
 
 Armoricus, a, -um. 
 Ama, Arna, -ta (/.) ; the inhabitanu of 
 Ama, Arnates, -ium (ro.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Ama, Amensis, -e. 
 Ame, Ame, -es (/.). 
 Amheim, Arecanum, -i (ji.). 
 Amo, the, Amus, -i (ro.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to the Amo, Amiensis, -e. 
 Arnobius, Amobius, -ii (ro.). 
 Arnus, v. Amo. 
 
 Arpi, Arpi, -orum (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Arpi, Arpanus, -a, -um, and Arpinos, 
 •a, -um. 
 Arpinum, ) Arpinum, -i (n.); oforbelong- 
 Arpino, J ing to Arpinum, Arpioas, 
 ■atis, and Arpinus, -a, -um ; an inhabit- 
 ant of Arpinum, Arpioas, -Ads (ni.). 
 Arran, Glota, -88 (/.). 
 Arreizo, Arretium, ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Arrezzo, Arrfetinua, -a, -um. 
 Arrhene, Arrhene, -es (/.). 
 Arrhidaiis, Arrhidsens, -i (m.). 
 Arrit, Arria, -aj (/.). 
 
 Arsaxxs, Arsices, -is, ace. -en (ro.) ; $on or 
 descendant of Arsaces, Ars&cldes, -sb 
 (m.) ; the Araacida, Arsacids, -arum 
 (m.) ; of or belonging to Arsaces, Ars&- 
 cius, -a, -um. 
 Arsanias, the, Arsaniaa, -m (m.). 
 Arsir.oe, Arsin6€, -es (/.) ; of or beimging 
 to Arsinoe, Arsinoeticas, -a, -um ; the 
 district of Arsinoe (in ^gypt), Arsin6i- 
 tes nemos (m.). 
 Argippus, Arsippus, -i (ro.). 
 Arta, Ambracia. le (/.) ; Oulf of Arta, 
 
 Attbrftciua Sinu.s 
 Arta, the, Aretbo, -onis (m.). 
 Artibdnus, Artabanus, -i (m.). 
 Artdbrnm, Prom., v. Finisterre, Cape. 
 Artapliernes, Artiiphernes, -is (ro.). 
 Artaxita (now Ardaschir), Artax&ta, -orum 
 
 (n.). 
 Artaxerzes, Artaserxes, -is (ro.). 
 Artemidorus, ArWmidorus, -i (».). 
 Artemisia, Artemisia, -ee (f.). 
 Artemisium, Artemisium, -ii (n.). 
 Artemo, Artfimo, -6nis (m.). 
 Arthur, Arthunis, -i (m,). 
 Artois, province of. AtrSbatensis agar or 
 comitatus ; people of Artois, Atreb&tes, 
 •ium (ro.) : v. Atrebates. 
 Arundel, Aruntina. -ee (/.). 
 4rtins, Amns, untis (m). 
 
 ATA 
 
 Ar upturn, Arupium, -ii (n.); of or belong- 
 ing to Arupium, Arupinus, a, -um. 
 
 Arcerni, Arvemi, orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 lougiMg to tJie Arcerni, Arremu*, a, 
 -um. 
 
 Arzenheim, Argentaria, -8b (/.). 
 
 Asa, Asa, -m (m.). 
 
 Asaph, As&pbus, -i (*.). 
 
 Asburg. Asciburgium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Ascalon {note Ascalan), Ascilo, -inla (/.) , 
 of or belonging to Ascalon, Asc&ldnina, 
 •a, um ; an inhabitant of Ascalon, A*- 
 cal6Dita, -a) (m.). 
 
 Ascanius, Ascanius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Ascii/urgium, r. Asburg. 
 
 Aiclepiades, Asclepiades, -ee (ro.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Asclepiades, AscUpxadean, 
 AeclepiadeuB, -a, um. 
 
 Asclipiodorus, Asclepiddfirua, -i (m.). 
 
 AscUpioditus, Asclepioddtu*, -i (m.). 
 
 Asconius, Asconius, -ii (ro.). 
 
 Ascoli, V. Asculum. 
 
 Atera, Ascra, ■» (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Aicra, Ascraan, Ascreeus, -a, -um. 
 
 Aieulnm (note Ascoli), Asc&lum or A«- 
 clum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging to Ascu- 
 lum, Asculanus, -a, -um ; AscuUnus, -a, 
 -um ; Asculanensis, -e (late). 
 
 Asdrubal, v. Hasdrubal 
 
 Ashbel, Asbglus, -i (ro.). 
 
 Ashur, Assur, -ilris (m.). 
 
 Alia, Asia, -a; (/.) ; Asia Minor, Aria Mi- 
 nor ; of or belonging to Asia, Asiatic, 
 Asiaticus, -a, -um, aiid Asianus, -a, -lun ; 
 Asius, -a, -um ; pecul.fem., Asia, -Idia (p.). 
 
 Asine, Asine, -es (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Asine, Asinaan, AsinsBUs, -a, -am. 
 
 Asinius, Aslniua, -ii (ro.) ; Asinian (of or 
 belonging to the Asinia gens), Aainixu, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Asisium (now Assist), Asisium, -ii (n.) ; m- 
 habitants of Asisium, Aaisinates, -ium 
 (ro.). 
 
 Asius, Asius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Asmideus, Asmodseus, -i (m.). 
 
 Atipus (note Asopo), the, Aaopus, -1 (in.) ; 
 of or belonging to the Asopus (fern, adj.), 
 Asopis, -idos (/.) ; son or descendant of 
 the Asopus, Asopiades, -e (ro.). 
 
 Asoph or Asow (Sea of), Palus MsBStla, 
 ■idis (/.). 
 
 Aspasia, AspSsia, -m (/.). 
 
 Aspendus, Aspendns, -i (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Aspendus, Aspendius, -a, -nm. 
 
 Asphaltites (lake), Asphaltites, •« (»».), and 
 Asphaltitea L&cus. 
 
 Asprenas, Asprenas, -atia (ro.). 
 
 Aspro Potamo, AcheloUs, -i (ro.). 
 
 Assorui (now Asoro), Assorus, -1 (ro.) ; of 
 or belonging to Assorus, Assorinus, -a, 
 ■um. 
 
 Assns, Assus or AasoB, -1 (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Assus, AssiuB, -a, -um. 
 
 Assyria, Assyria, -m (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Assyria, Assi/rian. Aasyriua, -a, -um ; 
 the Assyrians, Aesyrli, -orum. 
 
 Atta, Asta, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Alto, ABtensia, -e. 
 
 Astaboras, the, Aatab&ras, -se (ro.). 
 
 Asiacus, Ast&cus, -i (/.), and Ast&cum, -t 
 (n.) ; of or belonging to Astaeut, Asta- 
 cenua, -a, -um. — 2. AsUScua, -i (ro.) ; ion 
 or descendant of Astacus, ABt&cIdea, -» 
 (ro.). 
 
 Astnpa, Aetapa, -m (/.). 
 
 Astarte. Astarte, -es (/.). 
 
 Asterii, Asterie, -es, and -ria, -«b (/.). 
 
 Astorga, Asturica, -» (/.). 
 
 Astrtta, Astrasa, -bb (/.). 
 
 Astraus, Astrajua, -i (m.). 
 Astura. Astura, -aj (/.). 
 
 Aituria, Asturia, -aj (/.) ; Asturian, Astur, 
 tiris, and Astyr, -Jris, and Asturicus, -a, 
 -nm ; the Asturians. Aatiires, -nm (ro.). 
 Asturica, v. Astorga. 
 
 Astyages, Astyases, -is (m.). 
 
 Astyanax, Aetyaiax, -actis (ro.). 
 Astynime, Astynome, -es (/.). 
 Aitypalea, Astj-palsia, ■« (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Astijpalea, Astypalseensia, -e ; 
 Aatypal:ficu8, -a. -um : and Astypaleai- 
 na, -a, -um (poet.). 
 Atabyria, Atabyria, -m (/.) ; Atabyrian 
 (from Mount Atabyris), Atabyrius, -a, 
 -um. 
 Atalanta, Atalanta, -ee, and -lante, -ea (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Atalanta, Atalantean, 
 Atalantsu^. -a. -um : son or descendant 
 of Atalanta. Atalantiades, -a; (m). 
 
 A i V 
 
 Atame, Atame, -es, and -tamfia, ■• (J.) , 
 
 qf or beloitging to Atame, ACarnitM, ■■ 
 
 (ro.). 
 Atax, Atax, -ftcis (ro.) ; of or belonging t» 
 
 Alax (or tJu Atax, now Aude), Atacinua, 
 
 -A, -um. 
 Ateius, AtciuB, ii (ro.) 
 Atella, Atella, -at (/.) ; of or belonging u 
 
 Atcila, Atellan, Atellftnus, a, um, and 
 
 AtelianiuB, -a, -um. 
 Atemius, Atemius, -ii (m.) ; Aiemuin, 
 
 AterniuB, -a, -um. 
 Atemum, Atfmura, -i (n.) ; of or lejong- 
 
 ing to Atemum, Atemian. Atemensis, -«. 
 Atemus, Atemus, -i (ro.). 
 Atesu (now Esto), Ateste, -es (/.) ; of or 
 
 belonging to Ateste, AtestinuB, -a, -am- 
 Athamdnia. Athamania, -m (f); ike Atk- 
 
 amanians, Atham&ues, um (ro.) ; a ft- 
 
 male of Aihamania, Ath&manis, -<dij 
 
 (/■) ; "/ or belonging to Athamani*. 
 
 Atbamanas, -a, -um. 
 Athamas, Axh&vaaa, -antis (m.) ; of or be 
 
 longing to Athamas, Athamanteua. a, 
 
 -um, or -lua, -a, -um; Athumanticua, -a, 
 
 •am ; son of Athamas, Atbamannadea, 
 
 -SB (m.) ; daughter of Athamas, Ath*- 
 
 mantis, -idis (/.). 
 Athanasius, Atb^oaaiuB, -ii (m.). 
 Athens, Athena), -arum (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Athens, Athenwua, a, -um, ana 
 
 Atheniensis, -e ; the Atheiiiaus, Atheattti, 
 
 -orum (ro.) ; AtbenienseB, -ium ; ana 
 
 AtbenKopolitai, -arum (unus.). 
 Athenaus, Athenteua, -i (m.). 
 Athendts, Athenais, -idis (J.). 
 Athenin, Athenio, -onia (ro.). 
 Athenodorus, Athen6d6rua, -i (».). 
 Athesis, the, Athesis, -ia (m.). 
 Athos (Mount), Athos, -o, and Atbo, -6Bti 
 
 (m.). 
 Atilius, Atiliua, -ii (ro.; ; of or belonging 
 
 to Atilius (or the Atilia gem), Atiliua, -» 
 
 -um, and Atili^nua, -a, -um. 
 Atina, Atina, -» (/.) ; of or belonging U 
 
 Atina, Atinas, -atis ; the inhabitanu oj 
 
 Atina, Atinltes, -ium (ro.). 
 Atinius, Atlnius, -ii (ro.) ; Atinian, Atlnl 
 
 us, -a, -um 
 Atius, Atius, -a, -nm ; Attan, Atianus «r 
 
 Attianus, -a, -um. 
 Atlantes, the, Atlantes, nm (m.). 
 Atlantic, the. Ocean, Atlauticum Mare 
 
 Oceanus Atlanticus. 
 Atlas, Atlas, -antis (ro.) ; of or beioiigin^ 
 
 to Atlai, AtlanticuB, -a, -um ; Atlantic 
 
 cos, -a, -um ; Atlantius, -a, -um ; ant. 
 
 Atlanteua or -ius. a, um ; son or de 
 
 icetidant of Atlas, Atlantiddes, -a? (ra.) 
 
 daughter or female descendant oi' Atlas. 
 
 Atlantiaa, -fidis, and Atlantis, -idis or 
 
 -Idos (/.) ; the daughters of Atlas, At 
 
 lantides, -um (/.). 
 Atlantis, Atlantis, -idia (/.). 
 Atrax, Atrax, -ftcis, 1. (ro.) a river : sfrrung 
 
 from Atrax, Atracides, -m (ro.) ; Atricia, 
 
 -idis (/.).— 2. (/.) a city of Thessaly ; of 
 
 or belonging to Atrax, Atracius, -a, um 
 (=:Thessalian, poet.). 
 Atrebates, the, Atrgbates, ium (m.) : Atrt- 
 
 batian, AtrSb&ticus, -a, -um. 
 Atreus, Atreus, -gi (ro.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Atreus, Atreus or Atrelus, -a, -um 
 (p.); son or descendant of Atreas, Atrl- 
 
 da or Atrldcs, -a; (ro.). 
 Atria. Atria, •» (/.) ; the inhabitants of 
 Atria, Atriftni, -orum (m.), and Atri&tea, 
 
 -am ; of or belonging to Atria, Atriatl- 
 
 CUB, -a, -um. 
 Atropatene, Atropatene. -€8 (/) : thi m 
 habitants of Atropatene, Atropatenl 
 
 -orum (ro.). 
 Atropos, Atr6pos. -i (/.). 
 Atta, Atta, -je (m.). 
 
 Aualea, Attalea or Ha. m (/.) ; the inhab- 
 itanu of Attalea, Attalenses, -ium (ro.). 
 Attalis, AttftUs. -Idis (/.). 
 AUalus, Attalus, -i (ro.) ; of or belonging U 
 
 Attalus, Attalicns, a, -am. 
 Auica, Attica, aj (/.) ; of or belonging u 
 
 Attica, Auic, Atticna, -a, -um ; fern. adj.. 
 Atthia, -Idis. 
 Atticus, Atticus, -i (ro.). 
 Attila. .\ttila, -« (ro.). 
 Attus. Attus. -i (ro.). 
 
 Aturus (note Adour), the, Atnrus, -1 (ro.) 
 of or belonging to the Aturus, Aturlcoa 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Atys, Atya or Attys -yos («.). 
 
 713
 
 BAB 
 
 dude, the, V. Aiax. 
 Aufidus, the, Aufidus, -i (m.). 
 Augeas, Augeas, -ee (m.). 
 Augsburg, Auguflta Vindelicorum. 
 Augst, Augusta Rauracorum. 
 Aagmta, Augusta, -w (/.)• 
 Augustus, Augustus, -i (m.) ; oforbeUm^- 
 ing to Augustus, Augustan, August&lia, 
 •«; Augustanus, -a, um ; Augustensia, 
 -e (lale) ; Augusteus, -a, -um (late) ; Au- 
 gustianus, -a, -um ; and Augustinus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Augustine, Augustinus, -i (m.). 
 Augustddkrum. Augustodunun, -1 (».). 
 AiUerci, the, Aulerci, -onim (m.). 
 AulU, Aulis, -idis (/.). 
 Anion, Aulon, -onis (to.). 
 Aulus, Aulus, -i (TO.). 
 Aumarle, Albemala, -8B (/.). 
 Aurelianum, v. Orleant. 
 4urelianus, Aurelianus, -i (m.). 
 durelius, Aurelius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Aurelius (or the Aurelia gent), 
 Aurelian, Aurelius, -a, -um. 
 Aurora, Aurora, -8b (/.). 
 Aurunci, the, Aurunci, -drum (».) ; of or 
 belonging to the Aurunci, Auruncan, 
 Aoroncus, -a, -um. 
 Autar, the, Ausar, -iriB (m.). 
 Autci, the, Ausci, -orum («.). 
 Auee, the, Alsa, -m (/.). 
 Autetani, the, Ausetani, -onun (m.). 
 Anton, Ausou, -dnis (m.). 
 Autonet, the, Ausdnes, -um («.) ; po*, An- 
 
 ednidsB, -arum (to.). 
 Autonia, Aus6nia, -ae (/.) ; Autonian, Au- 
 eOnius, -a, -um ; pecuL fem^ Ansonl*, 
 •IdiB (p.). 
 Autonius, Ausdnius, -il («.). 
 Austria, Austria, -88 (/.) ; Auttrian, AlM- 
 
 tri&cus, -a, -um. 
 Autololes, the, Aut6l61e8, -nm (■».). 
 Autolycus, Autfilycus, -i (m.). 
 Auuymedon, Automedon, -ontU (■•.). 
 Autonoi, Autonoe, -es (/.) j of or relating 
 
 to Autonoe, Autdnoeius, -a, um. 
 Atttrey, Autreia, -as (/.). 
 Autun, Augustodunum, -i (n.). 
 Autergne, Alvemia, -as (/.) ; Arreml, 
 
 -omm (m.). 
 Auximum, AnxTmnm, -1 (n.) ; the inkabil- 
 ants of Auximum, Auximatea, -um (m.). 
 AvMon, AvaUo, -onis (/.). 
 Avaricum, Avaricum, -I (n.) ; (^or belong- 
 ing to Avaricum, Avaricenffls, ■&- 
 Avella, Abella, m (/.). 
 Avellino, Abellinum, -i (n.). 
 Avenches, Aventicum, -i (n.). 
 Avenio (now Avignon), Avfinlo, -Anls (/.) ; 
 qfoT belonging to Avenio, Avenicus, -a, 
 ■nm [late). 
 Aventicum, Aventtcum, -I (».). 
 Aventine, the (Mount), Aventlnue, -t 
 (mons), (TO.) ; of or belonging to the 
 Aventine, Aventinus, -a, -um; Aventi- 
 nensis, -e ; and Aventiniensis, -e. 
 Avemus, Avemus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Lake Avemus, Avemian, Aver- 
 nus, -a, -um ; Avemalls, -o. 
 Avianus, Avianus, -i (m.). 
 Aviee, Avisia, -bb (/.). 
 Avido, Abydos, -i (/.). 
 AlAa, Abula, -8B (/.). 
 Avienus, Avienus, -i (m,). 
 Avignon, v. Avenio. 
 Avington, Abonis, -is (/). 
 Avilits, Avitus, -1 (TO.). 
 Avon, the, Ant6na, -ee (m.). 
 Avranches, Abrincse, -arum </.); Abrin- 
 
 catui, -orum (to.). 
 Anon, Axion, -onis (m.). 
 ATiut, the, Axius, -li (to.). 
 Axminsler, Axa, •» (/.). 
 .4xina, the, Axona, -» (to.). 
 Aian (Mount), Azan, -anis (to.). 
 Azania, Azania, -aj (/.) ; Azanian, Azani- 
 
 us, -a. -um. 
 Azaruih, Azarias, -ae (to.). 
 Atof, Sea of, Palus Meeotifl, -idis (/.)■ 
 Azotus, Azfitus, i (/.). 
 Azores, the (islands), Accipitrum Insfils. 
 dzura, Azura, ee (/.), and Aruritanum 
 oppidim. 
 
 Baalbek, v. Balbek 
 
 Bab.el-Mandeb, D6re or Dire, -ea (/.). 
 Babylon, Babylon, -inia (/.) ; the eowury 
 714 
 
 UAH 
 
 around BaoyUm, Babyiouta, Babylonia, 
 -8B (/.) ; Baln/lonian, Babyloniacus, -a, 
 -um ; Babylonicus, -a, -um ; Babylonius, 
 -a, -um , and Babyloniensis, -e. 
 Bacchis, Bacchis, -idis (to.); deacendanU 
 of Bacchis, the Bacchiada, Bacchi4d«B, 
 -arum (to.) ; of or relating to Bacchit, 
 Baccbeis, -idis (pecul.fem.). 
 
 Bacchus, Bacchus, i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Bacchus, Bacchic, Baccheus or 
 -ius, -a, -um ; Bacchicus, -a, -um ; and 
 Baccb6iu8, -a, -um. 
 
 Bacchylides, Bacchylides, -is (»».). 
 
 Bactra, Bactra, -orum (n.). 
 
 Baaria, Bactria, « (/.) ; Badrian, Bac- 
 trianuB, -a, -um ; Bactrinus, -a, -um , 
 and Bactrius, -a, -um. 
 
 Bartru^ (note Balk), Bactrus, -i (m.). 
 
 Badajos, Pax Augusta, -a (/.). 
 
 Baden, Badena, -m, and Bada, -» (/.). 
 
 Biztica, BaiBca, aj (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Batica, BseticUB, -a, -um. 
 
 Btttis, the, Bwtis, -is (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to the Btttis, Bieticus, -a, -um. 
 
 B<ttulo, Baitulo, -onis (/.) ; o/ or belong- 
 ing to Batulo, Bastulonengi*, -e. 
 
 Baturia, BeBturia, -bb (/). 
 
 Baffo, PaphuB, -i (/.). 
 
 Bagacum, Baeacum, -i («.). 
 
 Bagdad, Bagdatum, -1 (n.), and SeleucU, 
 
 Bagoas, Baeoas, -ee (m.). 
 
 Bagradas, the, Bagradaa, -8b («.). 
 
 Bahr-elKolsum, HeroftpoUticUB Sinua. 
 
 Baia, Baiffl, arum (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Baia, Baian, Baianns, -a, .um. 
 
 Baiocasset, the, Baiocasses, -ium, and Ba- 
 iocassi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Baireuth. Baruthum, -i (n.). 
 
 Bainbridge, Bainus Pons (M.). 
 
 Balbek, Heli6p61i8, -is (/.). 
 
 Balbinus, Balblnus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Bdlbut, Balbus, -i (to.). 
 
 Baldunn, Balduinus, -i («.). 
 
 Baledren, the, Baleares, -ium (/.) , of or be- 
 longing to the Baleares, Balearic, Bale- 
 aricus, -a, -um ; Balearie, -e ; the inhab- 
 itants of the Baleares, Baleares, -ium («.). 
 
 Balk, Bactra, -orum (n.) 
 
 Balkan (Mount), H»mu8, -i (Mon»), («.). 
 
 Balthazar, Balthazar, -iris (m.), and alto 
 inded. 
 
 Baltic Sea, the. Mare Suevicum (n.) ; utu. 
 Sinus Codanus (but this it prop, onb/ 
 the S. W. part). 
 
 Bamberg, Babeberga, -bb (/.). 
 
 Bambyce, Bambyce, -es (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Bambyce, Bambyclus, -a, -nm. 
 Bampton, Bamptonia, -bb (/.). 
 Banbury, Banburia, -as (/.). 
 Bandusia, Bandusia, -» (/). 
 Bangor, Bangorium, -ii («.), and Banger- 
 tium, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging to Ban- 
 gor, Bangoriensis, -e. 
 Bantia (novo Banza), Bantia, -m (J.) ; of or 
 belonging to Bantia, Bantian, Bandnus, 
 -a, -um. 
 Bapharus, the, Bapbarus, -1 (m.). 
 Barabbaa, Barabbas, -bb (to.). 
 Barbadoes, Barbata, -bb (/.). 
 Barbara. Barbara, -m (/.). 
 Barbary, Barbaiia, -« (/.) ; AfricsB orm 
 
 Septentrionalis. 
 Barca, Barce, as (/.) ; the inhabilantt of 
 
 Barca, Barcaat -orum (to.). 
 Barcas, Barcas, -» (to.); Barcine, of or 
 descended from Barcas, Barcsua, -a, 
 -um ; Barcinus, -a, -um. 
 Barcelona, Barcino, -onis (f.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Barcelona, Barcinonensls, -e. 
 Bardesey, Adros, -i (/.) ; Andrium EdrL 
 Bardulph, Bardulphus, -i (to.). 
 Barium (note Bari), Barium, -ii (n.) ; of or 
 
 relating to Barium, Barianns, -a, -um. 
 Barnabas, Barnabas, -m (to.). 
 Bamet, SulloniacBB, -arum (/.). 
 Bariabas, Barsabas, -sb (to.). 
 Bartholomew, Bartholomwus, -i (to.). 
 Baruch, Baruch (inded.), and Bariicbus, 
 
 •i («■)• . 
 
 Basil or Basle, Basil6a, -» (/■) ; of or be- 
 longing to Basil, Basileensis, -e ; the 
 canton of Basle, Pagus Basileensis. 
 
 Basil (man's name), Basilius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Basilica, Sicyon, onis (/.). 
 
 Basilides. Basilides, -bb (to.). 
 
 Batilipotamo, Eurotas, -m (to.). 
 
 Bassania, Bassania, -ee (/.) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Bassania, Bassanitae, -arum (to.). 
 
 B ER 
 
 Bassus, BasBus, -i (m.). 
 
 Bastama, the, BastarncB, -arum (tn.). 
 
 Bastuli, the, Bastuli, -orum (to.). 
 
 Batavi, the, Bativi, -orum (m.) ; the coum 
 try of the Batavi, Batavia, Batavi* -m 
 (/.) ; Batavian, Batftvus, -a, -um. 
 
 Bath, Aquffi SoUs. 
 
 Bathsheba, Batheheba, -bb (/.). 
 
 Bathylhis, Bathyllus, -i (to.). 
 
 Bato, Bato, -finis (to.). 
 
 BaUis, Battis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Battus, BattuB, -i (to.) ; son or deictndmm 
 of Battus, Battiades, -as (m.). 
 
 Baubo, Baubo, -onis (f). 
 
 Battels, Baucis, -idis, (/.). 
 
 Bauli, Bauli, -orum (m.). 
 
 Bautzen, Budissa, -bb (/.). 
 
 Bavaria, Bavaria, -bb (/.); Boloaria, -• 
 (/.) ; Bavarian, Boius, -a, -um. 
 
 Bavay, Bagacum, -i (n.). 
 
 Bayeux, ArsBgenuBB, -arum (J.) ; BaloCA 
 -arum (/.) ; of or belonging to BayeuM, 
 Baiocensis, -e. 
 
 Bayona, Abobrica, -bb (/.). 
 
 Bayonne, Lapurdum, -i (n.); Bajona, •• 
 
 Beatrice, Beatrix, -Icis (/.). 
 Beauvais, Bellovacum, -i (n.) ; Bratuspask 
 tium, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging to Beau 
 rata, Bellovacensis, -e. 
 Bebryces, the, Bebrycea, -um (to.) ; Bebry 
 eian, Bebrycius, -a, -um; Bebrycia, B« 
 brycia, -Bfa (/.). 
 Bebryz, Bebryx, -ycis (to.). 
 Bechires, the, Bechirea, -um («.). 
 Bede, Beda, -aj (m.). 
 Bedford, Lactodilrum, -i (n.). 
 Bedriacum, Bedriacnm, -i («.) ; of or be 
 longing to Bedriacum, Bedriaceneis, •« 
 Beelzebub, Beelzebul, -aha (m.), and Beal 
 
 zebub, indecl. 
 BeirotU, Berytua, -i (/.). 
 Beja, Pax JuUa (/.). 
 Beled-el-jerid, Gaetulia, -as (/.). 
 Belgit, the, Belgffi, -arum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Belga, Belgicna, -a, -um. 
 Belgium, Belgium, -ii («.) ; Belgian, Bet 
 gicus, -a, -um; a Belgian, Belga, -• 
 (TO.) ; V. foregoing. 
 Belgrade, Alba Greeca, -» (/.); T«iur»- 
 
 num, -i (n.). 
 Belisarius, Belisariua, -ii (w.). 
 Belize, Belisium, -ii (n.). 
 Belle Isle, Calonesus, -i (/.). 
 BeUerophon, BellSrdphon, -ontia («.) ; ^ 
 or relating to Belleropkon, BellSrfiphon- 
 teus, -a, -um. 
 Bellocasti, Bellocaasi, -omm (w.). 
 Bellona, Bellona, -bb (/.). 
 Bellovici, the, BellSvaci, -oTram (to.). 
 Bellvno, BeUunum, -I (n.). 
 Belus, BeluB, -i («.); ton or descendant 
 of Belus, Belldea, -ae (to.) ; a daughter 
 or female descendant of Belus, Belia, 
 -idia (/.). 
 Ben&cut, Lake (Lago dt Garda), BenScua, 
 -i (lacus); of or relating to Benacus, B* 
 nacensis, -e. 
 Benaiah, Benaia, -bb (to.). 
 BeTudia, BenedictuB, -i (to.). 
 Benedicta, Benedicta, -bb (/.). 
 Benevento, Beneventum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Benevento, BenSventanna, -a, 
 •nm- 
 Benjamin, Benjamin, -inia (to.). 
 Bengal, Bengala, -bb (/.) ; Gangetica tet 
 Ius ; Bay of Bengal, Sinua Gangeticua. 
 Bennet = Benedict, q. v. 
 Berecyntus (Mount), BerScyntus, -i (•».) ; 
 of or belonging to Berecyntus, Berecyn- 
 tian, Berecyntius, -a, -um; Berecjmti*- 
 ens, -a, -um. 
 Berenice, Berenice, -es (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Berenice, Bereniceus, -a, -um. 
 Bergamo, BergSmum, -i (n.) ; of Bergamo, 
 
 Bergamot, BergOmensis, -e. 
 Bergen, Berga. -bb (/.). 
 Berlin, Berdlinum. -i (n.). 
 
 Bermuda Islands, BermidsB InsulsB (fX 
 Bern, Aret6p61i9, -is (/.) ; Bema, -ffi (/.) , 
 
 of or belonging to Bern, Bemensia, •« ; 
 
 canton of Bern, Pagus Bemensis. 
 Bernard, Bemardus, -1 (m.). 
 Bemiee = Berenice, q. v. 
 BerSe, Beroe, -es (/.). 
 Bereca, Berosa, -bb (/.) ; of or belongtng 
 
 to Berwa, BeroBBBUB, -a, -um, and Berc» 
 
 ensis, -e. 
 Berosiis, Berosua, i (».V
 
 B () L 
 
 Strry Bituiicensis proviDcia (/.) ; an in- 
 
 hahilanl >/ Berry, Biturix, -icis (nt.). 
 Bertha, Bertha, -a) (/.). 
 Bertram, Bertraraus, -i (m.). 
 Berwick {upon Tweed), Barrlcus, -i (/.). 
 Berytus (mod. Beirout), Berytua, -i (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Bert/tut, Berytius, -a, 
 -um. and Berytensie, -e. 
 Betanfon, Vesontio, -onifl (/.). 
 Besti, Che, Bessi, -orum (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing' to the Bessi, Bessicus, -a, -um. 
 Bethany. Bethania, -» (/.) ; the inhabitantt 
 
 of Betkany. Bethanitae, -arum (m.). 
 Bethlehem, Bethlehem (indeci.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Bethlehem, Bethlehemicus, 
 •a. -um ; an inhabitant of Bethlehem, 
 Bethlebemltes, -ee (m.) ; Bethlehemitis, 
 -Idi^ (/.). 
 Bethphage, Bethphftge, -es (/.). 
 Bethsaida. Bethsaida, -ffl (/.). 
 Bethuiia, Bethulia, -ae (/.). 
 Beverley, Betuaria, -as (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Beverley, BetuariensU, -e. 
 Bianor, Bianor, -dris (m.). 
 Bias. Bias, -antis (m.). 
 Bibracu, Bibracte, -is (ji.). 
 Bibrax, Bibrax, -actis (/.). 
 BUbilit, Bilbilis, -is (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Bilbilis, Bilbilitanus, -a, -um. 
 Biledulgerid, v. Beled-el-jerid. 
 Binchester, Bimonium, -U (n.), and Vtnno- 
 
 yium, -ii (n.). 
 Brngen, Bingium, -ii (ji.). 
 Bion, Bion, -onis (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Bion, Bioneus, -a, -um. 
 Bipontum, v. Zweybrilcken. 
 Bitalut, the, Bisaltaa, -arum (m.) ; the Und 
 
 of the Bisalut, BiBaltia, -sb (/.). 
 Biscay, Cantabria, -» (/.) ; o Bitcayan. 
 Cantaber, -bri (m.) ; Bitcayan, Canta- 
 bricus, -a, -um ; Bay of Biscay, Oceanus 
 Cantabricus. 
 Bistones, the (z= Thracians), Bietdnes, -nm 
 (m.), poet. ace. -is ; Bistorilan, Bistdnius, 
 -a, -um; pecul.fem., BistSnis, -idla. 
 Bithynia, Bithynia, -m (/.) ; Bithyntan, 
 Bithynius, -a, -um ; Bithynicus, -a, -um ; 
 and Bithynus, -a, -um; also at peeul. 
 fern., Bithynifl, -Idiis. 
 Bkiat, Bitias, -bb (m.). 
 Bito, Biton, -onis (m.). 
 Bituriges. the. Bituriges, -um (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to the Bitnriges, Biturtcus, -a, 
 -am ; a Biturigian, Bitfirix, -igis (m.). 
 Black Forest, Abnoba, -as (/.), (so. silva). 
 Blacktcater, the, Dabrona, -m (m.). 
 BUttus. BlassuB, -i (ro.) ; of or relating to 
 
 BUbsus, BlGBsianus, -a, -am. 
 Blsnche, Blanca, -sb (/.). 
 Blanda, Blanda, m (/.). 
 Blandeno, Blandeno, -onis (/.). 
 Mateo, Blascon, -onis (/.). 
 Blemya, the, Blemyce, -arum ; Blemyes, 
 
 •um ; and Blemyi, -orum (m.). 
 Bloit, B18988B or 6les8B, -arum (/.). 
 Bobbio, Bobium, -Ii (n.). 
 Soeehar, Bocchar, -aria (»».). 
 Bocchui, Bocchus, -i (m.). 
 Bodincomagum, Bodincomagum, -1 (n.) ; 
 of or belonging to BodincomagutK, Bb- 
 dincomasensis, -e. 
 Bodotria (Firth of Forth), Bodotria, -bb 
 
 ReJe, BoBbe, -ee (f.) ; of or belonging to 
 Babe, Babean, Bcsbeius, -a, -um ; pecul. 
 fan , Boebfeis, -Idis, esp. *t name of lAkt 
 Baheis. 
 
 Bceolin. BoBOtia, •» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to BcEotia, Baotian, Boeoticue, -a, -um ; 
 Boeotius, -a, -um ; and 6aB6tU8, -a, -um. 
 
 Boitkius, BoRthius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Bolthiis, BogthuB, -i (m.). 
 
 Hngnd, Bogud, -udis (m.). 
 
 Bohemia. Boih>>mum and Boiohemum, -i 
 (nO ; "/ Of belonging to Bohemia, Bohe- 
 mian, Boiohemicus, -a, -um, and Boio- 
 hemus, -a, -um. 
 
 BoO, the, Boii, -«rum (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to the Boii, Boian, Boiicus, -a, -um. 
 
 Boiorix, Boiorix, -igis (»».). 
 
 Bola, Bola, -le, anrf Boise, -arum (/.) ; of 
 or belonging to Bola, Bol&nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Bolanus, BoUnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Bolbitine, BolbiHne, -es (/. ) : of or belong- 
 ing to Bolbitine, Bolbltlnus, -a, -nm; 
 the Bolbitine moiuk (of the Nile), Bol- 
 bitlnum ostium. 
 
 Bologna, Bononia, -bb (/.). 
 
 ttnlsmn V'jlsiniL -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 
 B R I 
 
 longing to Bolsena, VuIsinleoaU, -«; 
 lAiMe of Bolsena, Lacus VuUlnieusia. 
 Bolton, Boltonia. -bb (/.). 
 Bombay, F'erimuda, ee (/.). 
 Bona, Hippo, -onis, Regius (m.). 
 Bonifacio (Straits of), Fretura Taphroa. 
 Boniface, Bonifaciue, ii (m.). 
 Bonn, Bonna, -m (/.). 
 Borbelomagus. v. U'orms. 
 Bordeaux, liurdigala, -ee (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Bordeaux, Burdigaleneis, -e. 
 Borysihenes. the, BorystbSnes, -is (m.) ; of 
 or relating to the Borysihenes, Boryithft- 
 nius, a, -um ; dwellers along the Borys- 
 ihenes, Borysthenldee or -Dltffi, arum 
 (m.). 
 Bosporus, the, 6osp6ru8, -i (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to the Bosporus, Bospdrfinns, -a, 
 -um ; Bosp6riu8, -a, -um ; Bosp6rlcu8, 
 -«^ -um ; and Bosporensis, -e. 
 Bostar, Bostar, -aria (m.). 
 Boston, Bostonia, -» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Boston, Bostonian, Bostoniensis, -e. 
 Bothnia, Bothnia, -ea (/.) ; Otilf of Both- 
 nia, Sinus Bothnicus. 
 Boulogne (Bononia ad mare), Gessoria- 
 
 cum, -i (n.). 
 Bouillon, Bullio, -onie (/.) ; of Bouillon, 
 
 BuUoniensis, -e. 
 Bourbon (Isle of). Insula Borbonia, -ee (/.). 
 Bourdag (Mount), Tmolus, -1 (m.). 
 Bourdeaux, v. Bordeaux. 
 Bourges, Bituriges, -um («.), or Avarlcnm, 
 
 •1 (n.). 
 Boyne, the, Boandus, -i (»».). 
 Brabant, Brabantia, -8b (/.). 
 Bracara (now Braga), Bracara, •» (/.) , 
 of or belonging to Bracara, Bracaren- 
 sis, -e. 
 Bradanut, the, Bradantis, -1 (■».). 
 Braganza, Brigantia, -m (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Braganza, BrigantiDas, -a, 
 -um. 
 Brandenburg, Brandeburgiom, -11 (».). 
 Brauron, Brauron, -onis (m.). 
 Brazil, Brazilia, -bb (/.). 
 Brecknock, Brechinia, -as (/.) ; Breeknoek- 
 
 shire, Brechiniensis ager. 
 Breda, Breda, -bb (/.). 
 Breedevoort or Brevoort, Bredefortla, -bb 
 
 (/.) ; Brefurtium, -ii (n.). 
 Bremen, Brema, -aa (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Bremen, Bremensis, -e. 
 Brennut, Brennus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Brennus, Brennicus, -a, -nm. 
 Brenta, the, Medoftcus, -1 (•.), Major; 
 
 Brentesia, -a (ra.). 
 Brescia, Brixia, -bb (/.) , of or belonging 
 
 to Brescia, Brixi&nus, -a, -nm. 
 Breslau, Vratislavia, -b (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Breslau, Vratislavieniia, -e. 
 Brest, Brivates portus (m.). 
 Bretagne, Armorica, -as (/.), Britannia 
 Minor : of or belonging to Bretagne, 
 Britannos, -a, -um; an inhabitant of 
 Bretagne, Britto, -onis (m.). 
 Breuni, the, Breunl, -orum (».). 
 Brian, Brianus, -i (m.). 
 Brian^on, Brigantia, -tB (/.). 
 Briareus, Bnareus, -eos and -ei (m.) ; of 
 or relating to Briareus, BrlarelOB, -a, 
 -um. 
 Bridget, Brigitta, -bb (/.). 
 Bridlington, Brill endimum, -1 (n.). 
 Brienne, Brena, -bb (/.). 
 Brigantes, the, Brigantes, -um (m,) ; of or 
 belonging to the Brigantes, Briganticus, 
 -a, -um. 
 Brilessus, Brilessus, -1 («.). 
 Brindisi, Brundleium, -il (n.), q. v 
 Brinnius, Brinnius, -il (m.). 
 Briseis, v. sq. 
 
 Brises, Brises, -bb (bi.) ; daughter ofBrues, 
 Briseis, Brls6is, -Idos, ace. .idem OTid 
 ■ida (/.). 
 Bristol, Bristolia, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Bristol. Bristoliensis, •€. 
 Britain, Britannia, B (/) ; <3reat Britain, 
 Magna Britannia; of or belonging to 
 Britain, British, Bntannicus, -a, -um, 
 and Britannus, -a, -nm ; pecul. poet, 
 fern., Britnnnis, -idis ; a Briton, Britan- 
 nus, -i (m.) : Britto. -onis (m.), late; the 
 British, Britanni, -orum (m.) ; the Brit- 
 ish Isles, Insulee Britannic» ; the Brit- 
 ish Channel. Occanus Britannicas ; New 
 Britain. Britannia Nova. 
 Britomariis. Britftniartie, -is (/.). 
 Brixellnm (now Brisello), BrixeHjm, -I 
 
 CAB 
 
 (».) i of or belonging to BrixeUum, Brt» 
 ell&nus, -a, -um. 
 Brixia, v. Brescia. 
 Brondolo, BrundQlus, -i (m.). 
 Brontes, Brontes, -bb (m.). 
 Brougham. Braboniacum, -I («.). 
 Broughion, LeucopibiEi, -bb (/.). 
 Brucleri. the, Bructeri, -orum («.). 
 Bruges I'.nigtB, -arum (/.). 
 llrugti, \>.. lodunum, i (n.),prob. 
 Brundi^iniit, Brundii-ium, ii (n.); of at 
 belonging to Brundisium, Brunditian, 
 Brundieianus, -a, -um ; but more utu. 
 Brundislnus, -a, -um. 
 Brundnlus, v. Brondolo. 
 Bnindusium. v. Brundisium. 
 Brunsviclc, Brunonis Vicus, Bmn6p6Ui. 
 -is (/.) ; Brunsviga, -as (/.) ; and Brnns- 
 ricum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging to Bruns 
 wick, Brunsvicensis, -€, and Brunsvigei? 
 eis. -e. 
 Brussels, Bruxellie, -arum (/.). 
 Brtutium, Bruttiura. -ii (n.) : Bruttian, oj 
 Bruuium, Bruttius, -a, -um ; Bruttianns, 
 -a, -um ; the inhabitanU of BruttiumL. 
 Bruttii, -orum (m.). 
 Brutus, Brutus, i (m.) ; cf or belonging 
 to Brutus, Brutlnus, -a, -um, and Brutt- 
 ftnus, -a, -um. 
 Bryanium, BrySnium, -il (n.). 
 Bubassus, Bubassus, -i (/.) ; Bubattian, 
 Bubassius, -a, -um; peciU. poet, fern., 
 Bubassis, -Idos. 
 Bubasiis, Bubaetis, -Ij (/.) ; the district of 
 Bubastis, Biibastltes (nomus), -bb (».) ; 
 of or belonging to (the goddess) Bvft(i» 
 tis, Buba«tiu8, -a, -um. 
 Bucephala, Buccphdia, -bb (/). 
 Bucephalus, Bucephalus, -1 (m.). 
 Bucharest, Bucaresta, -as (/.). 
 Buckineham, Neomagns, -I (_f). 
 Buda, Aquincum, -1 (n.) ; Bnda, -bb (/.; 
 Budweis, Budissa, -bb (/.). 
 Buena Vista. Belvedera, -as (/.). 
 Buffalo, Ur6p61i8, -is (/.). 
 Buenos Ayres, Beneventnm AmericanuB 
 
 (n.). 
 Bulgaria, Bulgaria, -» (/) ; the Bulgan 
 ans, Bulgari, -orum, ana Bnlgarea, -an 
 (m.). 
 Bulness or Bonlnest, Tunnocelum, -1 (n.^ 
 Bupalus, BQpSlus, -1 (m.). 
 Bura, Bura, -m (/.). 
 Burdigala, v. Bordeata.. 
 Burgos, Burgi, -orum (m.). 
 Burgundij, Burgundia, -bb (/.) ; the Bii> 
 
 gundians, Burgundii, -omm (m.). 
 Burrampooter, the, Dyardanea, -U (m.") 
 Burton, Burtonia, -bb (/.). 
 Buna. Prusa, -m (/.). 
 Bury, Buria, •» (/.) ; Faustinl Tflla. 
 Butiris, Buslris, -is and -idis, ace -la (<■-) , 
 the district of Butiris (in ^gypt), Burt 
 rites, -BB (m.), nomus. 
 Butet, Botes, as (m.). 
 Butkrotvm (now Butrinto). 6nthr6tum. -I 
 (n.) ; of or belonging to Buthrotum, Bn 
 throtius, -a, -um. 
 Butos, Butos, -i (/.) ; of or belonging U 
 
 Butos. Buticus, -a, -um. 
 Butrinto, t. Buthrotum. 
 Buxentum, Buxentum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Buxentum. Buxentinlia, -a. 
 -um, and Buxentius, -a, -um. 
 Buxton, Bucostenum, -1 (n.). 
 Bvblis, Byblis, -Idie and -idos (/.). 
 B'vblus, Byblos or Byblus, -1 (/). 
 Byrsa. Byrsa, -bb (/.) ; of or relating u 
 
 Byrsa. Byrsicus, -a, -um. 
 Byzacium, Byzficium, ii (n.) ; of or reUn 
 ing to Byzacium, Byzacfintis, -a, -nm 
 and Byzacius, -a. -nm. 
 Byutntivm, Byzantium, -ii (n.) ; Bfzan 
 tine, of or elating to Byiaraium, By 
 xantius, -a, -um ; and late forms, Byzan 
 tJnue, -a, -um, and Byzand&cns, -•, -oia 
 Byzas, Byzas, -bb (m.). 
 
 c. 
 
 Cabes (Gulf of), Syrtii Minor (/.). 
 
 Cabillonum, Cabillonum, -1 (n.). 
 
 Cahira, Cablra, -orum (n.). 
 
 Cabrri. the, Cabiri, -orum (m.). 
 
 Cabrera, Capraria, -tB (/). 
 
 Cabyle, Cabyle, -es and -yla, -te (f);in 
 
 habitanU of Cabyle, CabyWtflB, -arun 
 
 (m.). 
 Cabul, Arigeum, -1 (n.) 
 
 71»
 
 C AL 
 
 Ca^as, Cactts, -i (m.). 
 
 Cadiz, Gades, -iiun (/.). 
 
 Oadmia, Cadmia or Cadmea, -se (/.)• 
 
 Cadmus, Cadmus, -i (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cadmus, Cadmtan, Cadmeug, -a, -um, 
 and Cadraeius, -a, -um ; pecul. fem., 
 Cadmeis, -idos ; daughter or female de- 
 scendant of Cadrmis, Cadmeis, -Idos 
 
 (/■). 
 
 Cadurci, the, Cadurci, -orum (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to the Cadurci, Cadurcus, -a, 
 ■um, and Cadurcensis, -e. 
 
 Cadusia, Cadusia, -m (/.) ; the Cadugii, 
 Cadusii, -orum (m.). 
 
 Cadteallader, Cadwalladarus, -i (m.). 
 
 Ceteilia, CsBcilia, -m (/.). 
 
 Cttdlius, CsBcilius, ii (n>.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cacilius or the C<tcilia gens, Cs- 
 cilianus, -a, -um, and Csacilius, -a, -um. 
 
 Ciecina, Ccecina, -ae (»«.) ; of or belonging 
 to Ctecina, CajcinianuB, -a, -um. 
 
 Cacuban (the district), Csecubus ager (m.) ; 
 Cacuban, Csecubus, -a, -um. 
 
 Galium or Ccelium, Csslium, -ii (n.) ; of or 
 belonging to Calium, CaBlinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Caiius or Coelius, Ca^liug or CgbHub, -ii 
 («.) ; of or belonging to Caiius, Caelia- 
 nU8, -a -um. 
 
 C<tlius {Mount), Cslius, -ii (m.) ; little 
 Caiius, Ctelidlus, -i (m.), and Ceeliculus, 
 -i (m.). 
 
 Caen, Cadomum, -i (n.) , of or belonging 
 to Caen, Cadomensia, -e. 
 
 Caneus, Cieneus, -ei (m.). 
 
 Canina. Cainina, -SB (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Camina, CajDiueDsis. -e, and Cteni- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Canis, Casnia, -idis (/.). 
 
 Catiys, Casnys, -yoa (/.). 
 
 Caparius, CaepariuB, -ii (m.). 
 
 Citpasius, CsBpasiua, -ii (in.). 
 
 Oapio, Caepio, -onis (m.). 
 
 Care (now Cervetert), Cfflre, tndecl. (n.), 
 but with helerocl. gen., Cceritis, and abl., 
 Cserete , of or belonging to Care, Caa- 
 rea, -etia and -itia, and Co^retanus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Caer-gwent, Venta Silurum. 
 
 Caerleon, Isca Silurum. 
 
 Caermarthen, Maridunum, -i (».) 
 
 Caernarvon, Segontium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Caerrhyn, Conovium ii (n.). 
 
 Casar, Caisar, aris (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Casar, Cajsarianua, -a, -um ; Caeeari- 
 ensis, -e ; arid poet., Ciesar6ua, -a, -um. 
 
 Casarea, CsBsarea or -ria, -sb (/.). 
 
 Casaraugusta, Cieaaraugusta, -w (f.). 
 
 Casario, Casaario, -onis (»».). 
 
 Casena (now Cessna), Ceeaena, -m (/.) , 
 Caseiiian, of or belonging to Casena, 
 Cataenaa, -atis. 
 
 Casius, Cusiua, -ii (m.) ; Casian, Csasius, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Caso, Casso, -onis (m.). 
 
 Casonius, Cajsonlus, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Casonius, Casonian. Caasonia- 
 Dus, -a, um, and Ceeaoiiius, -a, -um. 
 
 Caja, Theodoaia, -ae (/.); Straits ofCqffa, 
 Bosporus Cimmerius. 
 
 CagUari, Caralia, -ia (/.), q. v. 
 
 Cajiors, Cadurcum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cahors, Cadurcenais, -e. 
 
 Caiaphas, Caiaphas, SB (?».). 
 
 Caicus, Caicus, -i (m.). 
 
 Caieta, Caieta, -as (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Caieta, Caietanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Cain, Cain (indecl.) and Cainus, -i (m.). 
 
 Caia, Caia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Caius, Caiua, -i (m.) ; of or belonging to 
 Cains, Caianua, -a, -um. 
 
 Caister, Venta Icenorum. 
 
 Calabria, Calabria, -sb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Calabria, Caiabrian, Cal&ber, 
 -bra, -brum ; Calabricua, -a, -um. 
 
 Calacta, Calacta, -a and -te, -es (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Calacta, Calacdnaa, -a, 
 •um. 
 
 CaUxhorra, Calagurria, -is (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Calahorra, Calagaritanos, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Calais, Calais, -idis (m.). 
 
 Calais. Caletum, .i (n.) ; of or belonging 
 to Calais, Caietanus, -a, -um, and Cale- 
 tensis. -e. 
 
 Calamis, CalSmis, -idia (i».). 
 
 Calatia, Calatia, -» (/.) ; Calatian, of or 
 belonging to Calatia, Calatinua, -a, -um. 
 
 Calatravet, Oretum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Calatrava, Oretanua, -a, -um. 
 716 
 
 CAN 
 Calauria, Calaurea, -sa, and Calaurik, -m 
 
 Calbis, Calbis, -ia (m.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 the Calbis, Calbiensis, -e. 
 Calchas, Calchas, -antis (m.). 
 Calchedon, v. Chalcedon. 
 Caleb, Caleb, indecl., Calebua, -i (m.). 
 Caledonia, Caledonia, -m (/.) ; Caledoni- 
 an, Caledonius, -a, -um, and Caledoni- 
 
 cua, -a, -um; the Caledonians, Caledd- 
 
 nea, -um (m.). 
 Cales (now Calvi), Cales, -ium (/. pL). 
 Caleti, the, Caleti, -orum (m.). 
 Caletri, Aletium, -ii (n.). 
 Calidius, Calidius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Calidius, Calidianus, -a, -um. 
 Calidus, Calidus, -i (m.). 
 California, California, -as (/.) j Regio An- 
 
 ritera. 
 Caligula, Caligfila, -ae (m.). 
 Callias, Callias, -as (m.). 
 Callicles, Calliclea, -is (in.). 
 Callicrates, Callicrates, -is («.). 
 Callicratidas, Callicratidas, -as (m.). 
 Oallidame, Callidame, -es (/.). 
 Callides, Callidee, -sb (m.). 
 Callidemides, Callidemides, -sb (m.). 
 CaUimachus, Callimacbus, -i (m.) ; of or 
 
 belonging to CaUimachus, Callimachian, 
 
 Callimachius, -a, -um. 
 Calliope, Callidpe, -es, and poet., Callidpea, 
 
 -ae (/.) ; of or belonging to Calliope, 
 
 Calliopeiua, -a, -um. 
 Callipho, Callipho, -onis and -phon, onds 
 
 (m.). 
 Callipolis, Callip61is, -is (/). 
 Callipides, Calllpldea, -m (m.). 
 Callirrhol, CallirrhOe, -ea (/.). 
 Callisthenes, Calliatbgnes, -is (m.). 
 CaUisto, Calliato, -fls and -onis (/.). 
 Callistratits, Callistratua, -i (m.). 
 Callithera, Callithera, -orum (n.) 
 Callon, Callon, -onia (m.). 
 Calpe, Calpe, -es (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Calpe, Calpian, Calpetanus, -a, -um. 
 Calpurnius, Calpumius, -ii (m.) ; Calpur- 
 
 nian, of or belonging to Calpumius or 
 
 the Calpurnia gens, Calpumius, -a, -nm, 
 
 and Calpumianus, -a, -um. 
 Calvary (Mount), Golgotha (»., inded.) , 
 
 Calvaria, -sb (/.). 
 Calvena, Calvena, -as (m.). 
 Calvi, V. Cales. 
 Calvina, Calvlna, -as (/.). 
 Calvinns, Calvinua, -i (n».). 
 Calvisius. Calvisius, -il (m.) ; Oalvi*ian, 
 
 Calvisianua, -a, -um. 
 Calvus, Calvua, -i (m.). 
 Calybe, Calybe, -es (/.). 
 Calycadnus, Calycadnua, i (m.). 
 Calydna, Calydna, -ae, and Calydne, -es 
 
 Calydon, Calydon, -bms, ace -onem and 
 -6na (/.) ; of or belonging to Calydon, 
 Catydonian, Calydonius, -a, -um ; pecul. 
 puet.fem., Calydonis, -idis. 
 
 Calymna, Calymna, -sb (/.). 
 
 Calypso, Calypso, -fls, less usu. -onis (/.). 
 
 Oamaldimum, Camaldunum, -i (»*.). 
 
 cr;^Scamarina, -«(/.). 
 
 Cambay, Monoglosaum, -i (n.). 
 
 Camhray, Camaracum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Cambray, Camaracensls, -e. 
 
 Ocpnbuniam, the (mountains), Cambimi 
 AfnntPo 
 
 Oamhijgts, Cambyaes, -is (m.). 
 
 Cambridge, Ccmtabrigia, .aB (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Cambridge, Cantabrigien- 
 sis, .e. 
 
 Cameria, Cameria, -as (/.), and Cameri- 
 um, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging to Cameria, 
 Camerinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Camerinum (now Camerino), Camerinnm, 
 -i (n.). 
 
 Camertes, the, Camertes, -mm (m.) ; Co- 
 mertian. Camera, -ertis ; Camertinus, -a, 
 
 -UDL 
 
 Camilla, Camilla, -aa (/.). 
 
 Camillus, Camillus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Camillus. Camillanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Camirus, Camirus, -i (m.). 
 
 Camissares, Camissires, -is (m.). 
 
 Campagna di Roma, Latium, -ii (n.) , Ro- 
 raanus ager. 
 
 Campania, Campania, -as (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Campania, Campanian,Cam- 
 panicus, -a, -um ; Campanus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Cana. Cana, -as (/.). 
 
 C At 
 
 Canaee, C&nace, -es (/.). 
 
 Canachus, Canachus, -i (m.). 
 
 Canada, Canada, -sb (/.). 
 
 CaTia, CansB, -arum (/.); ofoi beUmgin^ 
 to Cana, Canaius, -a, -um. 
 
 Canai^, the (islands), Caaariae, -arum (in- 
 aulaB), (/.) ; Insulae Fortunhtsa , of or 
 belonging to the Canaries, Canary (at 
 adj.), Canarieusis, -e. 
 
 Canistro (Cape), Canastrffittin, -i (n.), sc 
 promontorium. 
 
 Candaee, Candace, -«s (/.). 
 
 Candavia, Candavia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Candia, Creta, -aa (/.) ; v. Crete. 
 
 Canidia, Canidia, -aa (/.). 
 
 Canidiiis, Canidius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Caninius, Caninius, -ii (m.); Cantntoo, 
 Caninianua, -a, -um. 
 
 Canius, Canius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Carina, Cannaa, -arum (/.); of or belong- 
 ing to Canna, Cannensis, -e. 
 
 Canninefales, the, Cannineiates, -um (m.) ; 
 of or relating to the Cannin^ates, Can- 
 ninefas, -atis. 
 
 Canopus, Canopus, -i (m.) , of or belong- 
 ing to Canopus, Canopicus, -a, -um; 
 CanopitSnus, -a, -um ; and poa., Cano- 
 peus, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Cano- 
 pus, CanopitiB, -anuu (m.). 
 
 Canosa, v. Canusium. 
 
 Cantabria, Caatabria, -sb (/.) ; the inhcUnt- 
 ants of Cantabria, the Cantabri, Canta- 
 bri, -orum (m.) ; in sing., Cantaber, -bri 
 («.) ; Cantabrian, of the Cantabri Can- 
 taber, -bra, -brum, but usu. Cantabricua. 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Canterbury, Cantuaria, -aa (/.). 
 
 Canthara, Canthara, -sb (/.). 
 
 Cantharus, Cantharus, -i (m.). 
 
 Cantium, v. Kent. 
 
 Cantius, Cantius -ii (m.). 
 
 Canuleius, Canuleius, -i (m.); Canuletan 
 Canuleius, .a, -um. 
 
 Canus, CanuB, -i (m.). 
 
 Canugium (now Canosa), Canusium, -il 
 (n.) ; of or belonging to Canusium, C* 
 nUsian, Canusinus, -a, -um, and Cauu 
 Einatus, -a, -um. 
 
 cSL,}canutius,.ii(m.). 
 
 Capaneus, Capaneua, «i, ace -ea, voc. eu 
 
 (m.) ; of or belonging to Capaneus, Ca- 
 
 paneius, -a, -um, and Capaneus, -a, .um 
 Cape Baba, Lectum, -i (n.), promontori 
 
 um. 
 Cape Blanco, Album promontorium. 
 Cape Beeo, Lilybaaum, -i (n.), promonto 
 
 ri»un. 
 Cape Bruzzano, Zepbyrium, -i («.), pro 
 
 montorium. 
 Cape Comorin, Comaria, -aa (/.). 
 Cape Colonna, Columnarum Caput , Capt 
 
 delle Colonne, Lacinium, -ii (n.), pro 
 
 montorium. 
 Cape Colonni, Sunium, -ii (n.), promon 
 
 torium. 
 Cape Crio (in Crete), CriumStopon, -i (n.) 
 Cape Ducato, Leucatea, -aa (m.). 
 Cape Espartel, Ampeliisia, -ae (/.). 
 Cape Faro, Pelorua, -i (m.). 
 Cape Finisterre, Artabrum, -i («.), pro 
 
 montorium. 
 Cape Gardafui, Aromata (k.), promon 
 
 torium. 
 Cape Horn, Homanum or Homiense 
 
 promontorium. 
 Cape of Good Hope, Promontorium Bonse 
 
 Spei. 
 Cape Matapan, Tesnarum, -i (».), and Tte- 
 
 narus, -i (w.). 
 Cape Miseno, Misenum, -i (n.), promos 
 
 torium. 
 Cape North, Boreale Caput 
 Cape d'Oro, Caphareua, -ei (m.,. 
 Cape Passaro, Pacbynum, -i (n.), promon 
 
 torium. 
 Cape Romania, Magnum promontorium. 
 Cape Skyllo, Scylseum, -I (n.), promonto- 
 rium. 
 Cape Spartivento, Herculis promontori 
 
 um. 
 Cape St. Angela, Malea, .sa (/.). 
 Cape St. Maria, Cuneum, -i (b.), promon 
 
 torium. 
 Cape St. Vincent, Sacrum promontorium 
 Cape Trafalgar, Junonis promontorium. 
 Cape Trapani, CrepanmD promontorium 
 Ct^ Verd, Arsenarinm promontorium 
 
 Caput Viride.
 
 C AH 
 
 Vape Zonchio, Corypbasium promontori- 
 um. 
 
 Capella, Capella, -ee (m.). 
 
 Capena, Capena, -aj (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Capena, Capenian, CapenaB, -atis ; 
 Capenatis, -e; and voet^ CapenuB, -a, 
 •um. 
 
 Capernavm, Capharnauia, -i («.) ; of or 
 belonging to Cavemaum, Capbamsiu, 
 •a, -um. 
 
 CapetiLs, CapStua, -i (to.). 
 
 SapKareus, Capbarous, .ei, ace. -ea, roc. .eu 
 (m.) ; of or belonging to Caphareiu, Ca- 
 phareua, -a, -um ; poeL fern., Caph&ria, 
 ■idis. 
 
 Oapissa, Capissa, -m (/.) ; the country 
 around Capiasa, Capissene, -es (/.). 
 
 Capitium, Capitium, -ii (re.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Capitium, Capitinus, .a, -um. 
 
 Capita, Capito, -onis (m.). 
 
 Capitol, the, Capitolium, -ii (re.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Capitol, CapitoUne, Capi- 
 toltous, -a, -um. 
 
 Capitulum, Capitulupi, -i (n.); the people 
 of Capitulum, Capitulensea, -ium (m.). 
 
 Capo SOro, Caphareus, q. r. 
 
 Cappadocia, Cappaddcia, -8B (/.) ; Cappa- 
 docian, Cappaddciug, -a, -um ; Cappd- 
 d5cu8, -a, -um ; and Cappaddcicus, -a, 
 -um ; an inhabitant of Cappadocia, Cap- 
 padox, -dcis (m.) ; the Cappadoeians, 
 Cappadoces, -um (to.). 
 
 Capra, Capra, -8b (to.). 
 
 Capraria, Capraria, -8b (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Capraria, Caprariensis, -e. 
 
 Caprea (now Capri), Capresa, -arum (/.) ; 
 of or belo/iging to Caprete, Caprlen- 
 818, -e. 
 
 Caprius, Caprius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Oapsa, Capsa, -m (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Capsa, Capsensis, e ; the inhabitants of 
 Capsa, Capsenses, -ium. 
 
 Capua, Capua, -« (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Capua, Capuan, Capuensis, -e; the in- 
 habitants of Capua, Capuenses, -iom 
 
 («••). 
 
 Capys, Capye, -yos (to.). 
 
 Caracalla, Caracalla, -ee (m.). 
 
 Caractacus or Caradoe, Caract&cus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Caralis, Carftlis, -is (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Caralis. C&r&litanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Carambis. Carambis, -is (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Carambis, Caramblcus, -a, -um. 
 
 Carana, Carana, -orum («.) ; of or b»- 
 longiiig to Carana, Caranitis, ;«cul./em. 
 
 Carauus, Caranus, -i (m.). 
 
 CarasH, the, Cydnus, -l (ra.). 
 
 Carausius, Carausius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Carbania, Carbania, -» (/.). 
 
 Carbo, Carbo, -onia («.); of or belonging 
 to Carbo, Carbonianua, -a, -nm. 
 
 Carcassone, Carcaso, -onia (/.). 
 
 Otrcine. Carclne, -es (/.) ; Oulf of Car- 
 cine, Sinus Carclnltes. 
 
 Cardia, CardJa, -» (/.) ; of or belongtng 
 to Cardia, Cardi&nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Cardigan, Ceretica, -m (/). 
 
 Carduchi. the, CardQcbi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Caresa, Caresa, -a) (/.). 
 
 Caresns, Carfesus, i (to.). 
 
 Carin, Caria, -8B (/. ); Carian, C&ricas, 
 .a, -um ; a Carian, Car, -aria (to.) ; the 
 Carians. Cares, -um. 
 
 Carina, Carina, -6b (/.). 
 
 Carinas, Carinas, -atis (to.). 
 
 Carinola, Calenum, -i (n.). 
 
 Carinthia. Carinthia, -8b (/). 
 
 Carlisle, Carleolum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Carlisle, Carliolensis, -e. 
 
 CarHruhe, Caroli Hesychium, -i (fi.). 
 
 Carmania, Carmania, -ae (/) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Carmania, Camiani, -orum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Carmel {Mount), Carmelus, -i (to.) ; also 
 Carmel, tnded. (m.) ; of or belonging to 
 Carmel. Carmelius, -a, -um ; an inhabit- 
 ant of Mount Carmel, a Carmelite, Car- 
 melites, -8B (to.) ; Carmelltis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Carme7ita, Carmenta, -sb, and Carmentis, 
 -is (/.) : of or belonging to Carmenta, 
 Carmentalis, -e. 
 
 Omrmona, Carmo, -onis, and Carmona, -s 
 (/.) ; the inhabitants of Carmona, Car- 
 monenses, -ium (m.). 
 
 Camat, Thebee, -arum (/.). 
 
 Ommarvon, iScgontium, -ii («.). 
 
 "jmmeades Cameades, -is (to.) ; of or be- 
 longrng to Cam»ades, CameAdeua, -a, 
 -uv« 
 
 CAS 
 
 Cami, the, Carui, -orum im.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Cami, Camicus, -a, -um. 
 
 Camuntum, Camuntum, -i (n.), and Car- 
 nus, -untis (/.). 
 
 Camutes, the, CamQtes, -um («.). I 
 
 Carolina, Cur61ina, -83 (/.). ' 
 
 Caroline, Carolina, -te (/.). 
 
 Carpaihus, Carpatbus, -i (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Carpaihus, Carpatbius, -a, 
 .um ; Me Carpathian Sea, Mare or Pela- 
 gus Carpatbium. 
 
 Carpentras, Carpentoracte, -es (/.). [ 
 
 Carpelania, Carpetania, -tB (/.) ; Corpe- i 
 tanian, CarpetSnus, -a, -um ; the Carpe- 
 ta7iUtn*,Carpe8ii, -orum, anei Carpetanl, ' 
 •orum. I 
 
 Oorr«, CarrsB or Carrhe, -arum (/.). i 
 
 Carseoli (.note Carsoli), CarsSfili, -orum 
 (to.) ; of or belonging to Carseoli, Car- 
 sedl&nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Car suite, Carsulaj, -arum (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to CarsuUt, Carsulan, Camla- 
 nus, -a, ■xizn. 
 
 Carteia, Carteia, -ae (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Carteia, Carteianus, -a, -um, and Car- 
 teiensis, -e. 
 
 Carthita, Cartheea, -ee (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Carthtta, Cartbaaus, -a, -ma, and 
 Cartbeius, -a, -um. 
 
 Carthage, Cartbago, -Inis (/.) ; of or he- 
 longing to Carthage, Carthaginian, Car- 
 tbaginiensis, -e, and Puuicus, -a, -am; 
 New Carthage, Cartbago Nova. 
 
 Carthagena, Carthago Nova. 
 
 Cartismandua, Cartismandua, -ae (/.). 
 
 Carus, Cams, -i (m.). 
 
 Carusa, Carflsa, -» (/.). 
 
 Carventum, Carventum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Carventum, Carventanus, -a, 
 -am. 
 
 Carviiius, Carvilius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Carvilius or the Carvilia gent, 
 Carvilius, -a. -um, mnd Carviliaaus, -a. 
 -um. 
 
 Caryct, Caryae, -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Caryce, Caryan, Caryus, -a, -um ; 
 pecul. fern., Caryatis, -Idis ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Cary<i, Caryates, -lam (m.). 
 
 Caryanda, Caryanda, -bb (/.). 
 
 Carystus, Carystus or -tos, -1 (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Carystus, Carystian, Ca- 
 rystius, -a, -um ; and poet, only, Carys- 
 teus, -a, -um. 
 
 Casal, Bodincomagum or -conigum, .1 (n.). 
 
 Casca, Casca, .a; (to.). 
 
 Cascellius, Cascellius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Cashel, Casella, -m (/.) ; Cassilla, •• (/.). 
 
 CasiUnum, CasDlnum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to CasiUnum, Casillnus, -a, um. 
 
 Casinum, Casinum, -i (n.); of or belong- 
 ing to Casinum, Casiniu, -a, -am, and 
 Caslnas, -atis. 
 
 Casius (Mount), Casiua, -ii (m.). 
 
 Casus, Casus, -i (/.). 
 
 Casperia, Caspgria, -te (/). 
 
 Caspian Sea, the, Caspium Mare ; the Cas- 
 pii, duellers on the Caspian, Caspii, 
 ■orum, and Caspianl, -orum (to.) ; Cas- 
 pian, CaspiuB, -a, -um, and Caspiicus, 
 ■a, -um. 
 
 Cassander, Cassander, -dri («.). 
 
 Cassandra, Cassandra, -8B (/.). 
 
 Cassandrea, Cassandrfia, -sb (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Cassandrea, Cassandrean, 
 Cassandrensis, -e. 
 
 Cassano, Cosa, -a (/.). 
 
 Cassel {in Hesse), Castellum Cattorom. 
 
 Cassia, Cassia, -as (/.). 
 
 Cassiodorus, Cassifidorus, -i (m.). 
 
 Cassiope, CassiCpe, es, and CassiSpSa, -as, 
 and Cassiepea, -a (/.) : of or belonging 
 to Cassiope, Cassifipicus, -a, -um. 
 
 Cassiterides, v. Scilly Islands. i 
 
 Cassius, Cassius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cassius, Cassian, Cassias, -a, -am, 
 and Casslanus, -a. -um. 
 
 Cassivelaunus, Cassivelaunus, -1 (to.). 
 
 Castabala, Castftbala, -orum (n.) ; the in- 
 habitants of Castabala, Caatabalenses, 
 -ium. 
 
 Castalia, Castalia, -m (/.) ; Castalian, of 
 or belonging to Castalia, Castalius, -a, 
 -um ; pecul. fem., Castalis, -Idis. 
 
 Caster, Durobrivae, -arum (/.), or Venta 
 Icenorum. 
 
 Castile, Castilia, -as (/.). 
 
 Castor, Castor, eris (to.) ; of or belonging 
 to Castor. CastAreus, -a, -um. 
 
 Castoria, Celetrum, -1 (n.). 
 
 C e. L, 
 
 Castri, r. Delphi. 
 
 Castridus, Castricius, .ii (m.) ; Casincian 
 
 of or relating to Castricius, Ca&triciua 
 
 -a, -um, arid Castricianus, -a, -um. 
 Cmstronius, Castroniug, -ii, (to.). 
 Catlulo, CastiXlo, -onis (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Castulo, Castulonensis, -e ; tht 
 
 inhabitanu of Castulo, Castulouensea, 
 
 •ium (to.). 
 Caiabani, Catab&ni, -orum, and Cautii 
 
 nes, um (to.). 
 Catabathmus, Catabatbmus, -i {m.j 
 Catadupa, Catadupa, -onmi (n.) : tht 
 
 dwellers around Catadupa, CatadOpL 
 
 -orum (to.). 
 Catalonia, Catalaunia, -as (/.). 
 Catalauni, Catalauni, -orum (to.) ; of ot 
 
 belonging to tlie Catalauni, Catalaooi- 
 
 cus, -a, -um. 
 Catania, Catana or Catina, •« (/.), v. C<» 
 
 tina. 
 Cataonia, Catadnia, -aj (/.) , the people of 
 
 Caiaonia. Cata6nee, -um (m.). 
 Catharine, Catb^na, -as (/.). 
 Catienus, Catienus, -i (ro.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Catienus, Catienus, -a, -um. 
 Catiline, Catilina, -a; (m.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Catiline, Catillnarius, -a, -um. 
 Catilius, Catilius, -ii (m.). 
 Catillus, Catilius, -i (to.). 
 Catina, Catina, -ee (/.) ; of or helonging 
 
 to Catina, Catlaensis, -e; less usu., Ca 
 
 tiniensis, -e. 
 Catius, Catius, -ii (to.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Catius, Catianus, -a, -um. 
 Cato, Cato, -onis (m.) ; of or belonging tc 
 
 Cato, Catoninus, -a, -um, a7id Catonia- 
 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 Catti, the, Catti, -orum (m.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to the Catti, Catticus, -a, -um. 
 Cattwyck, Cattorum vicus. 
 Catullus, CaruUus, -i (to.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Catullus, CatuUianus, -a, -um. 
 Catulns, Catalus, -i (to.) ; of or btlonging 
 
 to Catulus, Catulianus, -a, -um. 
 Caturiges, the, Caturiges, -um (to.). 
 Catus, Catus, -i (to.). 
 Caucasus {Mount), Cauc&sus, -i (m.) , of 
 
 or belonging to Caucasus, Caucasian 
 
 Caucasius, -a, -um ; the Caucasian past 
 
 or defies, Caucasiffi portee. 
 Cauci, the, v. Chauci. 
 Caudez, Caudejc, -icis (m.). 
 Caudium, Caudium, -ii (re.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Caudium, Caudine, Caudinus, -a, 
 
 •am ; the Caudine defUe, Kurcffi Caudi- 
 
 na;. 
 Caulares, Caul&res, -is (to.). 
 Caulon, Caulon, -onis (to.), and Caulonia, 
 
 -SB (f.)- 
 
 Caunus, CaUDUS, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Caunus, Caunian, Caunius, a, -um; 
 pecul. masc. adj., Caunites, -as. 
 
 Cavaillon, Caballio, -onis (/.). 
 
 Cariu the, Cavii, -orum (m.). 
 
 Cayster, the, Caystros or -trus, -i (to.) ; oj 
 or belonging to the Cayster, Caystrius, 
 •a, am. 
 
 Cazlona, Castillo, -onis (/.). 
 
 Ccti, } C6&, -8B (/.), and Ceos, -i, arc. Ceo, 
 
 Ceos, ) and abl. Ceo (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Ceos, Cfius, -a, -um. 
 
 Cebenna, v. Cevennes. 
 
 Cebren, Cebren, -6ni8 (m.) ; daughter ot 
 female descendant of Cebren, Cebrgnis. 
 -Idis (/.). 
 
 Cecil, Caecilius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Cecrops, Cecrops, dpis (to.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cecrops, Cecrnpian. Cecropiua, 
 -a, -um ; son or descendant of Cecrops, 
 Cecropides, s (ro.) ; daughter or fe- 
 male descendant of Cecrops. Cecr6pl», 
 -idis (/.); land of Cecrops, CecrCpia, -■ 
 
 Cedrosi, the, Cedr6si. -orum (to.) ; country 
 
 of the Cedrosi, Cedrosis. -Idis (/.). 
 CefalL, Cephaloedis, -Idis (/.), or Cepha 
 
 Icedium, -ii (re.), v. CephaUedis. 
 Cefalonia, Cepballenia, -as (/.), q. t 
 Celado, the, Celfidug, -i (m). 
 Celadon, Celftdon, -ontis (m). 
 CeUtnn, Cetenae, -arum (/.) ; of or h* 
 
 longing to CeUena, CelKnajUS, -a, -um. 
 Cel<zno, Celaeno, -As (/.). 
 Celendris {now Celindro), CelendSria oi 
 
 -dris, -is (/.) : the region of Celendris 
 
 Celenderitis regio. 
 Celenna, Celenna, as (/.). 
 Celer. Celer. -aria (to.). 
 
 717
 
 CE S 
 
 CH A 
 
 Cdelrum, Celelrum, -i (n.) 
 
 Oeleus, Cel6us, ei (m.). 
 
 Celindro, v. Celendria. 
 
 Cella, Cella, -ee (m.). 
 
 Celta, Celsa, -as (/.) ; the inhabUant$ oj 
 Celsa, Celsenses, -ium (m.). 
 
 Celtns, Celsus, -i (m.). 
 
 Ctlut, \ Celtaj, -anxm (m.) ; o/ or 6e- 
 
 CeJM, tJie, > longing lo the Celts, Celtic, 
 Celticus, -a, -um ; in Celtic, Celtice 
 {adv.) ; tAe land of the Celts, Celtica, -» 
 
 Ceuiberia, Celtibgria, -» (/.) ; a CeUiberi- 
 an, Celtiber, -beri (,mA ; the Celtiberians, 
 Celtiberi, -orum : Celtiberian, Celtiber, 
 -bera, -berum ; Celtibericus, -a, -um. 
 Omaum, Ceneeum, i (».) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cenaum. Census, -a, -um. 
 Cmchrea, Cenchreaa, -arum (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Cenchrett, CenchreBUS, -a, 
 -um; and peeul. fern., Cencbreis, -Idi*. 
 Cmchrius, Cenchrius, -ii (»».). 
 Cenomani, the, Cendmani, -orum (m.). 
 Censennia, Censennia, •» (/.). 
 Cmsorxnut, CensOrinus, -i (m.). 
 Centenius, Centeni"B, -ii (»».)• 
 Cento, Cento, -onis (m.). 
 Centobrica, Centobiica, •» (/.); the in- 
 habitants of CenloOrica, CentobriceDsee, 
 -iom {m.y 
 Centorbi, v. Centuripa. 
 Centrines, the, Centrones, -um (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to the Centrones, Centrflni- 
 CUB, -a, -um. 
 Ctntumalus, Centumalua, -i (m.). 
 Centum Cella (.now Civita Vecchia), Cen- 
 tum Cellae, -arum (/.). 
 Centuripa (nou> Centorbi), Centtlripa, 
 -orum (n.) ; of or belonging to Centuri- 
 pa, Centuripinus, -a, -um. 
 Cms, v. Cea. 
 
 C»phalenia, Cepbalenia, -ffl (/.) , the in' 
 kabitantg of Cephalenia, Cephalenes, 
 •tun, and Cephalenitte, -arum (n>.). 
 Ciphalio, Cephalio, -onis (m.). 
 CgthaUedis (now Cefali), CephaloedlB, 
 •Idis (/.), and Cephaloedium, -ii (n.); 
 of or belonging to CephaUtdis, Cepba- 
 loeditanus, a, -um. 
 Cephalus, Cephaius, -i (m.). 
 Cephenes, the, Cephenes, -um (ot.). 
 Cephe^LS, Cepbeus, -ei (•»•) ; of or de- 
 scended from Cepheus, Cephfiius, -a, 
 -um, and Cepheus, -a, -um ; daughter 
 or female descendant of Cepheus, Cepbfi- 
 is, -tdis. 
 Cephisodorus, Cephisodorus, -i (m.). 
 Cephisdditus, Cephisddotus, -i (m.). 
 Cephisus, the, \ Cephisus, -i (ro.) ; of or be- 
 Cq>hisso. i longing to the Cephisus, 
 Cepbisius, -a, -um ; pecul. fim-t Cephl- 
 Bis, -idis, and Cepblsias, -idia. 
 Oerambus, Cerambus, -1 (n».). 
 Ceramicus, Ceramicus, -i (n».). 
 CtrOmua, CfirSLmlij. -i (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Ceramus, Ceramicus, -a, -um. 
 CerastiB, the, Cerastae, -arum (m.) ; of or 
 relating to the CerasUt, Cerastis, -idis 
 
 </•)■ 
 Oerasus, Cerasus, -untis (/.). 
 
 Ceraunian (mountains), the, Cerannia, 
 
 •orum (n.) ; Ceraunian, Ceraunius, -a, 
 
 •um. 
 
 Ceraunus, Ceraunus, -i (m.). 
 
 Cerberus, Cerberus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cerberus, Cerbereus, -a, -um. 
 
 Otrcasorum, Cercasorum, -i (n.). 
 
 Oireetius (Mount), Cercetius, -11 (»i.), 
 Mons. 
 
 Cereina, Cercina, -m (/.) ; the inhabitants 
 of Cercina, Cercinltaai, -orum (m.). 
 
 Cercinium, Cercinium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Cercopes, the. Cercopes, -urn (m.). 
 
 Cercyon, Cercyon, -Snis (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Cerajon, Cercyfineus, -a, 
 ■um. 
 
 Ceres, C6res, -firis (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Ceres, Cere&lis, e. 
 
 Ctrigo, Cythera, -orum («.), q. v. 
 
 Cerinthus, Cerinthus, -i (m.). 
 
 Cermorum, Cermorum, -i (n.). 
 
 Ceron, Coron, -onis (m.). 
 
 Certima, OTtima, -ffi (/.). 
 
 Oervetere, Csere (indecl.), (n.), q. t., and 
 Agylla, -BB (/.). 
 
 Cervara, Cervaria, -a (/.). 
 
 Cesena, Cassena, -88 (/.). 
 
 Ctstius, Cestius, -ii (to.) ; of or belonging 
 tn Cestius, Cestianus, -a, -um 
 
 719 
 
 Oestria, Ceetria, -sB (/.) ; the inhabitants 
 
 of Cestria, Cestrini, -orum (to.). 
 Cuaria, Cetaria, •» (/.) ; the inhabitanu 
 
 of Cetaria, Cetarini, -orum (to.). 
 Cethegus, Cetbegus, -i (to.). 
 Ceto, Ceto, -fls (/.). 
 
 Ceuta, Ceutria, -bb (/.) ; Abyla, -e (/.). 
 Ceutrones, the, Centrones -um (to.). 
 Ceva, Ceba, -» (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Ceva, Cebanus, -a, -um. 
 Cevennes (mountains), Cebenna, Cevenna, 
 and Gebenna, -a (to.) ; of or belonging 
 to the Cevennes, CebennJcus, -a, -um. 
 Ceylon, Taprobana, -m (/.). 
 Oyz, Ceyx, -ycis (to.). 
 Chabriaa, Chabrias, -bb (to.) 
 Chorea, Chwrea, -m (to.). 
 Choreas, ChsBreas, -te (m.). 
 Oharestratus, Chfflrestratxis, -1 («».). 
 Charippw, Cbserippus, -i (m.). 
 Chitronia, Chasronea, -m (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Ch(eronea, CbeBronensis, -e. 
 Chalcedon, Cbalcedon and Calchedon, 
 -6ni8 (/.) ; of or belonging to Chalce- 
 don, Chalcedonian, CbalcedSniuB, -a, 
 -um. 
 Chalciope, Chalcidpe, -es (/.). 
 Chalcu, Chalcis, -Idis (f.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Chalcis, Chaleidian, Chalcidicus, 
 -a, -um; Chalcidensis, -e; and Chalci- 
 dicensis, -e. 
 Chaldeans, the, Cbaldeei, -orum (m.); 
 Chaldean, ChaldeBUs, -a, um, and Cbal- 
 daicus, -a, -um. 
 Chalonitis, Chalonitis, -idis (/.) ; the in- 
 habitants of Chalonitis, CbalonltSB, 
 -arum (»».). ' 
 Chdlons, Catalaunum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Chdlons, Catalaunensis, -e. 
 — 2. (sur Saone) Cabillonum, -i (n.) ; of 
 or belonging to ChAlons, Cabillonen- 
 sis, -e. 
 Chalybes, the, Chalybes, -um (m.). 
 Chalybs, the, Cbftlybs, -ybis (m.). 
 Cham (usu. Ham), Cbam (to., indecL). 
 Chambery, Camberiacum, -i, and Cambe- 
 rium, -i (n.) ; of or belonging to Cham- 
 bery, Camberiacensis, -e, and Camberi- 
 ensis, -e. 
 Chamavi, the, Chamavi, -orum (to.). 
 Champagne, Campania Franco-Gallica, 
 
 ■« (/.). 
 Chanaan, } Chanaan and Cb&nan (/., tn- 
 Canaan, > decl.) ; of or belonging to 
 Canaan, Cbananesus, -a, -um ; pecul. 
 fem., Chananitis, -idis ; the Canaanites, 
 Cbananffii, -onmi (to.). 
 Chaon, Chaon, -6nis (to.). 
 Cha»nia, Cha6nia, -«b (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Chaonia, Chaonian, Cba6niu«, 
 •a, -um ; pecul. fem., Cbadnis, -IdlB ; th» 
 Chaonians, ChaCnes, -um (to.). 
 Charadrus, (ibaradrus, -i (to.). 
 Charax, Charax, -acis (/.); the inhabit- 
 ants of Charax, Charftc6ni, -onim (m.) ; 
 the territory of Charax, Charftcfine, -es 
 
 (/•)■ 
 
 Charaxus, Cbaraxus, -i (to.). 
 
 Charente, the, Carantdnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Charenton, Cbarentonium, -ii («.) 
 
 Chares, Chftres, -etis (m.). 
 
 Chariclo, Cbariclo. -Ha (/.). 
 
 Charidemus, Charidemus, -i (m.). 
 
 Charisius, Cbarisius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Charity, Cbaritas, -atis (/.). 
 
 Charles, Carolus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Charleston, ) Carol6p61is, -is (/.) ; oJ or 
 
 Charlestown, > belonging to Charleston, 
 Carolopolit&nus, -a, um. 
 
 Charlotte, Caroletta, -bb (/.). 
 
 Charlotteville, Carolett6p61i8 ; of or be- 
 longing to Charlotteville, Carolettopoli- 
 tanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Charmidas, Charmidas, -bb (to.). 
 
 Charmis, Charmis, -is (ra.) 
 
 Charon, Charon, -ontis (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Charon, Cbaron6u8, -a, -um. 
 
 CharoncMs, Charondas, -sb (to.). 
 
 Charopus, Charopus, -i (to.). 
 
 Chartreuse (the great), Cartbusia, -» (/.), 
 Magna. 
 
 CkarybdU, Chftrybdis, -is (/.), ace -in or 
 -im. 
 
 Chasuari, the, Chasuari, -orum (m.). 
 
 Chatilton, Castellio, -onis (/.). 
 
 Chatti, the, v. Catti. 
 
 Chauci, the, Chauci or Cauci, -orum (to.) ; 
 of or belonging to the Chauci, Chauci- 
 an. ChauciuB. -a -um. 
 
 C I M 
 
 Chaus, the, Chaus, -i (m.f. 
 Chelidon, Chelidon, onis (/.). 
 Chdidonium, Chelidonium, -ii in j 
 Chelmsford, CajBaromagus, -i (J.). 
 Chelonatas, Chelonatas and Cbelonite* 
 
 -BB (TO.). 
 
 Chemnitz, Chemnitium, -i: (n.). 
 Cherbourg, Cajsaris Burgua, -i, or Car* 
 
 burgus, -i (m.). 
 Cherronesus, Cherronesus or CherBdn* 
 BUS, -i (/.) ; inhabitants ef the Cherro 
 nesus, Cberronenses, -ium (.to.) ; of * 
 belonging to the Cherronesus, Cherro 
 nensis, -e, or Chersonensia, -e (esp. ^f 
 the Thracian C hersonesus). 
 Chersidamaa, Cbersidamas, -antis (to.). 
 Chersiphron, Chersipbron, -onis («».)• 
 Cherso, v. Absyrtides. 
 Chersonesus, v. Cherronteus. 
 Cherusei, the, Cherusci, -orum (to.) 
 Chesippus, Cbesippus, -i (to.). 
 Chester, Cestria, -bb (/.) ; Deva, -bb t/.) , 
 
 Cheshire, Cestriensis Comitatus. 
 Chiana, the, Clanis, -is (m.) 
 Chilo, Chilo or Chilon, -onis (to.). 
 Chichester, Ciceatria, -se (/.). 
 Chinutra, Chimsera, •» (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Chimara, Chimcereus, -a, -um. 
 China, Sinarum regnum ; the Chineee, 
 SinsB, -arum (m.) ; of or belonging te 
 China, Chinese, Sinensis, -e. 
 Chione, Chione, es (/.) ; son of Chione, 
 
 Cbionides, -bb (to.). 
 Chios, Chios and Chius, -ii (/.) ; of or 6e- 
 longing to Chios, Chian, Chiua, -a, -um. 
 Chiron, Chiron, -onis (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Chiron, Chironicus, -a, -um, and 
 Cbironius, -a, -um. 
 Ohitro, Citrum, -i (n.). 
 Chiusi, Clusium, -ii (n.). 
 Chios, Cbl6§, -es (/.). 
 Chloreus, Chloreus, -6i aiid -eos (m.). 
 Chloris, Cbloris, -Idis (/.). 
 Chloriis, Cblonis, -i (to.). 
 Choaspes, the, Choaspes, -is (m.). 
 Chcerilus, ChcBrilus, -i (m.) ; of or belong' 
 
 ing to Chmrilus, ChoBrilius, -a, -um. 
 Chorasmii, the, Chorasmii, -orum (to.) 
 of or belonging to ihe Chorasmii, Cho 
 rasmian, Choraamius, -a, um. 
 Chremes, Chremes, -etis, ace. -eta {m.). 
 Cheist, Cheistus, -i (m.). 
 Christiana, Christiana, -le (/.). 
 Christopher, Chrietopborus, -i (to.). 
 Chromis, Cbromis, -is (to.). 
 Chrysa, Cbryaa, -», and Chryae, es (/) 
 Chrys&lus, Cbrysalua, -i (to.). 
 Chrysaor, Chrysaor, -oris (to.). 
 Chrysas, Chrysas, -bb (to.). 
 Chryses, Cbryaes, -bb (to.) ; daughter <y 
 
 Cluryses, Chryaeis, -idis (/.). 
 Chrysippus, Cbryaippua, -1 (m.) : of or be 
 Icynging to Chrysippus, Cbrysippeus, -a, 
 •um. 
 Chrysis, Chryais, -idis (/.). 
 Chryaogonus, ChirysSgonus, -i (m.). 
 Chrysopolis, Cbrysopolis, -is (/.). 
 Chrysorrhoas, the, Chryaorrhoas. -at (m.) 
 Chrysoslom, CJbrysostomus, -i (m.). 
 Chmonius, Cbthoniua, -ii (to.). 
 Chunni, v. Huns. 
 Chuaistan, Suaiana, -bb (/.). 
 Cibyra, Cibyra, -m (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cibyra, Cibyraticua, -a, -um : the in- 
 habitants of Cibyra, Cibyratse, -arum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Cicely, CBScilia, -» (/.). 
 
 Cicereius, Cicereius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Cicero, Cic§ro, -«nis (to.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cicero, Ciceronian, Ciceroniinus, -a 
 -um. 
 
 Cicestria, v. Chichester. 
 
 Cicirrus, Cicirrua, -i (m.) 
 
 Cicones, the, Ciconea, -um (to.). 
 
 Cicuta, Cicuta, -as (to.). 
 
 Cilieia, Cilicia, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cilicia, Cilician, Cilix, -icis; peew 
 poet, fem., Cilissa, -bb ; Ciliciensis, -e, 
 and Ciliciua, -a, -um ; a Cilician, Clllx, 
 -Icia (to. and f). 
 
 Cilix, Cilix, -icis (to.). 
 
 Cilia, CUla, -as (/.). 
 
 Cilnius, Cilnius, -ii (to.). 
 
 CiU), Cilo, -onis (m.). 
 
 Cimbri, the, Cimbri, -orum (to.) ; of or b» 
 longing to the Cimbri, Cimbrian, Cim 
 ber, -bra, -brum, and Cimbri»u», ■• 
 -tun. 
 
 Cimetra, Cimetra, -« (/.).
 
 O L 1 
 
 C'iarittM, Clmlous, -1 (m.) ; of er belong- 
 ing to CiminuB, Ciminian, Ciminioa, a, 
 -am. 
 
 Cimmeriant, the, Cimmerii, -orum (.«».) ; 
 of or uelonging to the Cimmerians, Cim- 
 mSrius, -a, -um. 
 Cimolua, CimoluB, -i (ni.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cimolus, Cimolian, Cimolius, -a, 
 •um. 
 Oimon, Cimon, -onis (m.). 
 Cin<ira, Cioara, -m (/.). 
 Cincinniui, CincianatopOlU, -U (/.). 
 Cinciniiolus, Ciiicinnatus, -i (m.). 
 Cinciolus, Cinciolus, -i (m.). 
 Oinciug. Cincius, ii (m.); of or belonging 
 
 to Cincius, Cincian, Cincius, -a, -um. 
 Chteat, Cincas, -w (m.). 
 Cinethii, the, Cinetbii, -omm (m.). 
 Cingetorix, Cingetdrix, -igifl (m.). 
 Cingilia, Cinj,'ilia, -m {/.). 
 (Unguium, Citii,'ulum, -i (n.) ; of or bt- 
 longing to Cingulum, Cin^linuB, -a, 
 -um. 
 Cinna, Cinna. -m (m.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Cimta, CiiiDunus, -a, -um. 
 Cinyps, the, Cinyps, -ypis or -yphis (m.) ; 
 of or belonging to the Cinyps, Cinyphi- 
 98, -a, -um. 
 Cinyras, Cinyras, -sb (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cinyras, Cinyrisus, -a, -um, and 
 Cinyreiue, -a, -um. 
 Circassia, Cercetia, -» (/.); the Circas- 
 
 tians, CerceUB, -arum (m.). 
 Ciree, Circe, -es (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Circe, Circean, Circeeua, -a, -um. 
 Circeii, } Circeii, -orum (to.) ; of or be- 
 Cireello, J longing to Circeii, CirceeuB, 
 
 -a, -um, and Circeieneis, -e. 
 CbTka, Cirrba, -m (f.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Cirrha, Cirrhtjpus, -a, -um. 
 Cirta, Cirta, -bb (/) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Cirta, Cirtensis, -e. 
 Cispius, Cispius, -ii (to.). 
 Cisseut, Cisseus, -ei or -eos (m.) ; daugh- 
 ter of Cisseus, Cieseis, -Idis (/.). 
 Cithteron, Cithwron, -dnia (to.). 
 Citium, Citium, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging 
 to Citium, Citiensis, -e; an inhabitant 
 of Citium, Citieua, -i (to.). 
 cuius, Citius, -ii (m.). 
 dvita Vecchia, Centumcellea, -amm (/.). 
 Clanius, the, Claniua, -ii (to.). 
 CUtra, Clara, -» (/.). 
 Clarog, Claros or Clarus, -i (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Claros, Clarius, -a, -am. 
 Clastidium, Clastidium, -ii (?<.). 
 Claiema, Clatema, -8b (/.). 
 Claudia, Claudia, -«b (/.), v. Claudiut. 
 Claudiopolis. Claudi6polis, -is (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Claudiopolis, ClaudiopAU- 
 taoue, -a, -um. 
 Claudius, Claudius, -ii (to.) ; Claudian, of 
 or belonging to Claudius, Claudius, -a, 
 •am, and Claudianus, -a, -um ; the Clau- 
 dian family, Claudia gens. 
 CloMsus, Clausus, -i (m.). 
 Clazomena, ClazomSnee, -arum (/.); of 
 or belonging to Clazomena, Clazome- 
 ukus, -a, -um, and Clazdmfinius, -a, 
 •am; inhabitants of Clazomentt, Clazo- 
 menil, -orum (to.). 
 Cleander, Cleander, -dri (to.). 
 Cleanthes, Cleanthes, -is (to.) ; of or be- 
 longing to CleoTUhes, Cleantbfius, -a, 
 •am. 
 Clearchus, Clearchus, -i (m.). 
 
 g^;j Clemens, ^ntU (to.). 
 
 Cleobis, CledbU, -is (to.). 
 
 CUobulus, CleobuluB, -1 (m.). 
 
 OUombrotus, Cleoinbrfttus, -i (to.). 
 
 Cleomedon, Cleomedon, -ontis (to.). 
 
 Cleomtnes, Cleftmenes, -is (to.). 
 
 Cleon, Cleon, -ontis (to.). 
 
 Cleona, CleontB, -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cleona, Cleonajus, -a, -um. 
 
 Cleopat, Cleopas, -» (to.). 
 
 Cleopatra, Cleopatra, -ee (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Clenpatra, Cleopatranus, -a, 
 -um, and Cleopiitricus, -a, -um. 
 
 Cleophantus, Cleophantus, -i (m.). 
 
 Cleophon, Cloophon, -ontis (to.). 
 
 Ckrmont, Claromontium, -ii (».) ; Augos- 
 tonemetum, -i (n.). 
 
 CZeiMU, Clevas, -m (to.) 
 
 OoBee, Cliria, -m (/.). 
 
 Ciimax, Climax, -ftcis (/^. 
 
 Clinias, Clinias, -eb (TO.^ son of C^inias, 
 Cliniades, -b< (to ) 
 
 O O L 
 
 Clio, Clio, -i« (/.). 
 
 Clisthenes, Clistbenes, -la («.). 
 
 Clila. Chun, -arum (/.). 
 
 Clitarchus, Clitarcbus, -1 (to.). 
 
 Clilemum, Clitt-mum, -i in.); of or be- 
 longing to Clitemum, CUtemlnaB, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Clitumachua, Clitom6cbu8, -i (to.). 
 
 ClitoT, Clitor, -Oris (to.), and CUt5rium, 
 •ii (n.) ; of or belonging to Clitor, Cll- 
 t6rius, -a, -um. 
 
 Ci«uTO;iU8, J(,,i J 
 
 Clitunno, J ^ ' 
 
 Clitus, Clltus, -1 (TO.). 
 
 Cloanthus, Cloantbus, -i (to.). 
 
 Clodia, Clodia, -» (/.). 
 
 Clodiiis, Clodiufl, -ii (to.) ; of or beUynging 
 to Clodius, Clodian, Clodius, -a, -am, 
 and Clodianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Clalia. ClcBlia, -it) (/.). 
 
 CUelius, Cloaliua, -ii (m.). 
 
 Cliniug, Clonius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Clotho, Clotho, -as (/.). 
 
 Cluentia, Cluentia, -m if.). 
 
 Cluentius, Cluentius. -ii (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Cluentius, Cluentian, Cluen- 
 tianUB, -a, -um ; the Cluentian family, 
 Cluentia gens, 
 
 CluUius, Cluilius, -ii (to.^ ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cluilius, Cluilian, Cluilius, •a, 
 -am. 
 
 Clunia, Clunia, -as (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Clunia, Cluniensis, -e. 
 
 Clupea, Clupea, -», and dopes, -arom 
 
 Clusium, Clusium, -U (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Clnsium, Clusian, Clusinua, -a, 
 •um. 
 
 Cluvia, Cluvia, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cluvia, Cluvian, Cluvianus, -a, -urn. 
 
 Cluvius, Cluvius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cluvius, Cluvianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Clyde, the, Glota, -w (/.) ; the Frith qf 
 Clyde, GlotuB .fstuarlum. 
 
 Clymene, ClymSne, -es (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Clymene, Clymineos, -a, -am, 
 and Clymcneius, -a, -um ; daughter of 
 Clymene, Clyraeneis, -Idle (/.). 
 
 Clytamnestra, Clytemnestra, •» if.). 
 
 Clytia, Clytia, -m, and Clytie, -es (/). 
 
 Clytius, Clytius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Ctytus, ClytuB, -i (to.). 
 
 Cnitua or Cneius, CnsBUS or Cneias, -i («.). 
 
 Cnidos, Cnidos or Cnldus, -i (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Cnidos, Cnidian, Cnidius, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Cnisus, Cn6su8, -1 (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cnosus, Cnosian, Cnoeius, -a, -um, 
 and Cnosi&cus, -a, -um ; peeul. poet, 
 fern., Cnosias, -adis. and Gnosis, -Idis. 
 
 Coblenti, Confluentes, -ium (m.) ; Conflu- 
 entia, -bb (/.) 
 
 Cocalus, Cocalus. i (m.) ; daughter of Co 
 calus, Cocalis, -Idis (/. ). 
 
 Cocceius, Cocceius, -il (to.). 
 
 Cocinlhum, Cocintbum, -i in.). 
 
 Codes, Codes, -itis (m.). 
 
 Cocytng, the, Cocytus, -i (to.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to the Cocytus, Cocytius, -a, -am. 
 
 Codomamius, Codoniannus, -i (to.). 
 
 Codrus, Codrus, -i (to.). 
 
 Calins, Ccelius, ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cali'is, Ccplianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Calus, CobIus, -i (to.). 
 
 Ceeranus, Cceranus, -i (to.). 
 
 Cteus, Cceus, -i (m.). 
 
 Cognac, Conacum, -i in.). 
 
 Coimbra, Conimbrica, -as (/.). 
 
 Colchester, Colcestria, -m if). 
 
 Colchis, Colchis, Idis and -Idos (/.) ; of 
 or belonging to Colchis, Colchian, Col- 
 chicus, -a, -um, and Colcbus, -a, -um ; 
 the inhabitants of Colchis, Colchi, -orum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Coldingham, Coldania, -bb, or Colania, -sa 
 
 if-)- 
 
 CoUatia, CoU&tia, -es (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to CoUatia, Collatian, Collatinuc, -a, -um. 
 
 Cologne, Colonia Agrippinensis (/>. 
 
 Colonue, Col6nus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Culonus, Coloneus, n, -um. 
 
 Colophon, Colophon, -onis (to.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Colophon, Col6pb6niacus, -a, 
 -am, and Colopbdnlus, a, -um. 
 
 Colossct, Colossai, -arum (/.); of or bo- 
 longing to Colossct, Colnssinn, Colossf- 
 nus, -a, -um; the Colossians, Colossen 
 ses, -ium (m.). 
 
 Columella. Columella, -sb (to.). 
 
 C O il 
 
 CboMna, Cdm&na, -orum ^».) ; of or bi 
 longing to Comana, Comanus. -a, -um. 
 
 Comania, Comania, le if.). 
 
 Gamines, I Cominium, -li in.) ; of or be 
 
 Cominium, y longing to Cominium, Co 
 minianuB,-a, -am. and CoiniQiu8,-a,-um 
 
 Commagene, (JomniageiiH. ■<;» if.); of a 
 belonging to Commagene, Ccmmag6 
 nu«, -a, um. 
 
 Commodus, Comm6du8, -1 (m.). 
 
 Compiulum, Complutum, -i in.) ; of or be 
 longing to Complutum, Compiutensis. -e 
 
 Compostella, Compostella, -m if). 
 
 Compsa, Compsa, -ee (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Compsa, Compsftnus, a, -um. 
 
 Comum inow Como), Comum, -i in.) ; of 
 or belonging to Comum, Comentis, -e. 
 
 Concani, the, Conc&ni, -orum (to.). 
 
 Concordia, Concordia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Condole, (^ondute, -is (n.); of or belong- 
 ing to Condole, Condas, -atis, and CoD- 
 datinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Condi, Condatum, -1 in.). 
 
 Condrusi, the, CondrQsi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Conon, Conon, onis (to.). 
 
 Conrad, ConraduH, -i (to.). 
 
 Consaburo, Consaburo, -onis (/.), mna 
 Consabunmi, -i (n.) ; qfor belonging lo 
 Consaburo, Consaburensis, -e. 
 
 Consentia, 1 Consentia, -m if.) ; of or bo- 
 
 Cosenza, ) longing to Consentia, Coe- 
 sentinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Consentius, Consentius, -li (re.). 
 
 Considius, Considius, -ii (ro.). 
 
 Constance, Constantia, -m if.) ; name ttf • 
 icoman and city. 
 
 Constance, Lake of, Brigantloas Lacas. 
 
 g::n;lConstans,-antis(TO.). 
 
 Constantia, Constantia, -te (/.). 
 
 Constantino, Constantina, -m if.). 
 
 Conslantine, Constantinus, -i (to.) ; of or 
 belonging to Conslantine, Constantinift' 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Constantinople, Constantindpfills, -is '/.) 
 of or belonging to Conslantincpie. Con 
 stantinopolftanuE, -a, -um; the Straiu 
 of Constantinople. BospSrus Thracius. 
 
 Constantius, Constantius, ii (vi.) -, of or 
 belo7iging to Constantiiis, CoDstantii 
 CUB, -a, -um ; Constantianus, -a, -um , 
 and Constantiensis, -e. 
 
 Consus, Consus, -i (to.). 
 
 Contessa, Gulf of. Sinus Strymonicus. 
 
 Contrebia, Contrebia, -m if). 
 
 Convoy, Conovium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Conza, Compsa, -b3 (/.). 
 
 Copa, CopeB, -arum (/.) ; the Lake of Cops, 
 or Lake Copms, Copais, -Jdis (/.), pafus 
 
 Copais Lake, v. foregoing. 
 
 Copenhagen, Hatiiia or Haunla, -as (/.); 
 Codania, -bb (/.). 
 
 Coponius, Coponius, -ii (to.) : of or be- 
 longing to Coponius, Coponianus, -a, 
 •am. 
 
 Cmtus, Coptas or Coptos, -i (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Coptus, Copticus, -a. -am : 
 an inhabitant of Coptus, Coptltes, -m 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Cora, C6ra, -m if.) ; of or belongirig to 
 Cora, Coranus. -a, -um. 
 
 Coracesinm, Coraceeium, -U in.). 
 
 Coras, Coras, -w (to.). 
 
 Corax, Corax, -Scis (m.). 
 
 Corbio, Corbio, -onis (m.) ; a man's name 
 —2. (/.) a citv. 
 
 Corbulo, CorbQlo. -Onis (m.). 
 
 CoTcyra (noic Corfu). Corcyra, bb (/). 
 of or belonging to Cr^cyra, Corcyrean, 
 CorcyrBBUs, -a, -um 
 
 Cordova, CordUba, -w (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cordova, Tordubensis, -o 
 
 Cordus. Cordus. i (to). 
 
 Corea, Corea, -as If). 
 
 Corfinium, Corfluium, -il in.) ; of or bo^ 
 longing to Corfinium, Corfiniends, •« 
 a/id Corf inius, -a, -um. 
 
 Corfu, V. Corcyra. 
 
 Corinnn. Corir.na, -bb ;/ 
 
 Corinth. Corinthus, -i (j ) '• "/ "■' '>'long- 
 iiig to Corinth. Corinthian. Cohnthica, 
 -a, -um, and Corinthiicus, a, um ; tkt 
 Oulf of Corinth, Sinus Corinthiacua 
 
 Coriolanus, Coiiolanus, -i (to.). 
 
 Corioli, Corioli, -orum (to.). 
 
 Corippus, Corippus. -1 (to.). 
 
 Cork, Corcagia or Cprragia, ■» (/.) , of w 
 belonging to Cork, Corcagiensia. ■«, •» 
 Corcensis, -e. 
 
 71»
 
 C RE 
 
 Cornelia, Cornelia, -as (/.) 
 
 Cornelius, Cornelius, -ii (m.) ; Cornelian, 
 
 Cornelius, -a, -um, and Comelianus, -a, 
 
 -um ; the Cornelian family, Cornelia 
 
 gens. 
 Carmciiliim, Comicalum, -i (n.) ; of or he- 
 longing to Corniculum, Comiculanus, 
 
 •a, -um. 
 Cornificius, ComiBcius, -ii (ro.). 
 Corniuiis, Comutus, -i (m.). 
 Cornwall, Comubia, -8b (/). 
 Corabus, Coroebus, -i (m.). 
 Coromandel, Coromandela, -8b (/.). 
 Coron, > Corone, -es (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ^orone, J ing to CoroTie, Coronean, Co- 
 
 ronaius, -a, -um ; Chilf of Coron, Sinus 
 
 Messeniacua. 
 Coronea, Coronea, -sb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 
 ing to Coronea, Coronensis, -«. 
 Coronis, Coronia, -idis (/.) ; <a» of Coro- 
 
 nis, Coronides, -8b (m.). 
 Oorrese, Cures, -ium (n».). 
 Corsica, Corsica, -jb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Corsica, Corsican, Corsus, -a, -um, 
 
 and Corsicus, -a, -um; the Corsicans, 
 
 Corsi, -orum (m.). 
 Cortona, Cortona, -ae (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cortona, Cortonensis, -e. 
 Coruncanius, Coruncanius, -ii (m.). 
 Conmna, Brigantium, -ii, or Caronium, 
 
 -ii (».). 
 Corcua, Corvus, -i (m.). 
 Corybantes, the, Corybantes, -um (m.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to the Corybantes, Cory- 
 
 bantian, Corybantius, a, -um. 
 Corybas, Corybas, -antis (m.). 
 Corycus, COrycus, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Corycus, Corycian, Corycius, -a, -um. 
 Corydon, Corydon, -onis (m.). 
 Coryna, Coryna, -ae (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Coryna, Corynean, Corynaeus, -a, -um. 
 Coryphasium, Corypiiasium, -ii (n.). 
 Corythus, Corytiius, -i (m.). 
 Cot (now Startco), Cos or Cous, -i (/.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to Cos, Coan, Cous, -a, -um. 
 Cosa, Cosa, -bb, and Cosas, -arum (/.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to Cosa, Cosanus, -a, -um. 
 Cosconius, Cosconius, -ii («.). 
 Cosenza, Consentia, -ae (/.). 
 Cosmus, Cosmus, -i (?7j.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Catmus, Cosmianus, -a, -um. 
 Cossinius, Cossinius, -ii (t».). 
 Cossus, Cossus, -i (»n.). 
 Cossutia, Cossutia, -aj (/.). 
 Cotsutius, CosBUtius, -ii (m.). 
 Cothon, C&thon, -onis (/.). 
 Cotiso, Cotiso, -finis (m ). 
 Cotrone, Croton, -onis (/.). 
 Cotta, Cotta, -m (m.). 
 Cottius, Cottius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Cottius, Cottian, Cottianus, -a, -um ; 
 
 the Cottian Alps, Alpes Cottians or Cot 
 
 tiffi. 
 Cotton, Cotton, -onis (/.). 
 Cottus, Cottus, -i (ro.). 
 Cotus, C6tu8, -i (?».). 
 Cotyaum, Cotyaeum, -i (».). 
 Cotyla, Cotyla, -te (m.). 
 Cotys, Cotys, -yia or -yos («i.). 
 Cotytlo, Cotytto, -fls (/.). 
 Coventry, Conventria, -8B (/.). 
 Cowbridge, Bovium, -ii (n.). 
 Cragus (Mount), Cragus, -i (w.). 
 Cracow, Cracovia, -ae (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cracow, Cracoviensis, -e. 
 Qranon, Cranon, -finis (/.) ; of or bAong- 
 
 ing to Cranon, Cranonian, Cranoniua, 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Grantor, Crantor, -oris (to.). 
 Crassipes, Crassipes, -edis (m.). 
 Orassus, Crassus, -i (m.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Crassus, Craasianus, -a, -um. 
 Cratenis, CratSrua, -i (m.). 
 Crates, Crates, etis (m.) ; man's name.— 
 
 2. Crates, -is (m.), a river. 
 
 fy^f *' ? the, Crathia, -is and -idis (m.). 
 
 Cratinus, Cratinus, -i (to.). 
 
 Oratippiis. Cratippus, -i (m.). 
 
 Crato, Crato, -Onis (m.). 
 
 Crau, La, Campi Lapidei (to.). 
 
 CritdHon, Cridia, ■» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 u> Crediton, Cridiensia, -e. 
 
 Oremaste, Crfimaate, -es (/.). 
 
 Cremera, the, CremSra, -SB (/.) ; of or he- 
 longing to the Cremera, Cremerensis, -e. 
 
 Cremnilz, Cremniciura, -ii (n.). 
 
 Cremona, Cremona, -ae (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cremona, Cremonensis, -e. 
 720 
 
 C Y A 
 
 Cremuttus, Cremutius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Creiiteus, Crenseus, -i (m.). 
 
 Creon, Creon, -ontia (m.). 
 
 Cresphontes, Cresphontes, -is (m.). 
 
 Cressy, Carisiacum, -i (n.). 
 
 Crete (now Candia), Creta, -ae, and Cr6t6, 
 -es (/.) ; of or belonging to Crete, Cre- 
 tan, Creticus, -a, -um ; Cretensis, -e ; 
 poet., Cretaeus, -a, -um, and Cresius, -a, 
 -um ; a Cretan, Crea, -fitis (m.), Cressa, 
 -aB (/.) ; the Cretans, Cretes, -uol 
 
 CretheMs, Cretbeus, -fios and -el (m.) ; of 
 Or relating to Cretheus, CrethSius, -a, 
 -um ; son or descendant of Cretheus, 
 Crethides, -as (in.). 
 
 CreUsa, CrSOsa, -ae (/.). 
 
 Crimea, Chersonesus Taurlca (/.) ; the 
 Crim Tartars, Tauri, -orum (to.). 
 
 Crimisus, the, Crimisus, -i (to.). 
 
 Crispina, Crispina, -ae (/.). 
 
 Crispinus, Crispinus, -i (m.). 
 
 Crispus, Crispus, -i (to.). 
 
 Crissa, Crissa, -ae (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Crissa, CrissaBUs, -a, -am. 
 
 Crithote, Crithote, -es (/.). 
 
 Critias, Critias, -m (to.). 
 
 Crito, Crito, -onis (to.). 
 
 Critobulus, CritobOlus, -1 (m-). 
 
 Critolaus, Critfilaus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Critonins. Critonius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Croatia, Croatia, -ae (/). 
 
 Crocale, CrScSle, -es (/.). 
 
 Crasus, CrcBsua, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Crmsus, Crceaius, -a, -um. 
 
 Cronstadt, Brassovja, -m, and StephAnop- 
 olis, -is (/.). 
 
 Croton, > Croton, -6nl8, and Crotona, -as 
 
 Cotrone. j (/.) ; of or belonging to Cro- 
 ton, Crotonienais, -e; an inhabitant of 
 Croton, Crot6niate8, -ae (m.). 
 
 Crustumerium, Crusttlmfirium, -U, and 
 Cruatflmlnum, -i («.), and CrustOmfiri, 
 •orum (m.) ; of or belonging to Crustu- 
 merium, Crustfimgrlnus, -a, -um, and 
 Crustumlnus, -a, -um. 
 
 Crusiumium, Crustumium. -U (n.) ; of or 
 belonging to Crustumium, CrustOmius, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Ctesias, Cteaiaa, -ae (to.). 
 
 Ctesibius, Ctealbiua, -Ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Ctesibius, Cteaibicus, -a, -um. 
 
 Ctesiphon, Ctesiphon, -ontis (ro.), a man's 
 name. — 2. (f.) a city. 
 
 Cuba, Cuba, -ae (/.). 
 
 Cuballum, Cuballum, -i (n.). 
 
 Cularo, Cularo, -dnis (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cularo, Cularonensis, -e. 
 
 Culeo, Culeo, -onis (m.). 
 
 Cumte, CQmse, -arum (/.) ; also poet., Cy- 
 me, -es (/.) ; of or belonging to Cumte, 
 CumaBus, -a, -um, and Cumanus, -a,-um. 
 
 Cumberland, Cumbria, -ae (/.). 
 
 Cuneus, Cimeus, -ei (m.). 
 
 Cuningham, Cunlgamia, -SB (/.). 
 
 Cupid, Cupido, -inls (m.) ; Atnor, -flrls 
 (m.) ; of or relating to Cupid, Cupldin- 
 eus, -a, -um. 
 
 Cupiennius, Cuplennlus, -ii (to.). 
 
 Cupra, Cupra, -SB (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Cupra, (3uprensis, -e. 
 
 Curdistan, Curdia, -ea (/.); the Curds, 
 Curdi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Cares, I Cures, -ium (m.) ; of or belong- 
 
 Correse, > ing to Cures, Curensis, -e ; an 
 inhabitant of Cures, Ciires, -6tis (to.). 
 
 Curetes, the, Curetea, -um (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Curetes, Curebcos, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Curiatius, Curiatiua, -ii (to.). 
 
 Curio, Curio, -onis (m.) ■ of or belonging 
 to Curio, Curionianua, -a, -um. 
 
 Curiosolitd, the, Curiosolitas, -arum, and 
 Curiosolitea, -um (to.). 
 
 Curius, Curiua, -ii (to.) ; of or belonging 
 to Curius, Curianua, -a, -um. 
 
 Curland, Curonia, -8b (/.). 
 
 Cursor, Curaor, -oris (m.). 
 
 Curtius, Curtius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Curzola, Corcyra Nigra (/.). 
 
 Curzolari, Echinades, -um (/.), inaute. 
 
 Cuta, Cuta, -te (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Cuta, Cutaeua, -a, -um. 
 
 Cuthbert, Cutiibertua, -i (m.). 
 
 Cutilict, Cutiliffl, -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Cutilut, Cutiliensis, -e, and Cuti- 
 liua, -a, -um. 
 
 Cutina, Cutina, -fe (/.). 
 
 Cyane, Cyane, -ea (/.). 
 
 Cyanean (islands'), CyaneaB, -arum (/.) ; 
 
 DAL 
 
 of ot belonging to the Cyaiiean Islands 
 Cyanean, Cyaneus, -a, -um. 
 
 Cybele, Cybele, -es (/.) ; oj or belonging 
 10 Cybele, Cybeleiua, -a, -um. 
 
 Cyclades, the (islands), Cycladea, um (/.) 
 
 Cycnus, Cycnua, i (m.); of or relating ta 
 Cycnus, Cycneius, -a, -um. 
 
 Cydas, Cydaa, -«b (to.). 
 
 Cydippe, Cydippe, -es (/.). 
 
 Cydnus, the, Cydnua, -i (to.). 
 
 Cydonia, Cydonia, -ae, and Cydon, -ftnU 
 (/.) ; of or beloiiging to Cydon, Cydo 
 nian, Cydonius, -a, -um ; an inhabitant 
 of Cydon, Cydon, -onis (m.) ; the inhabit 
 ants of Cydon, CydoniatsB, -arum (m.). 
 
 Cyllarus, Cyllarus, -i (m.). 
 
 Cyllene, Cyllene, -ea (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cyllene, Cyllenian, Cylleneeus, -a, 
 •am, and Cyllenius, -a, -um. 
 
 Cylon, Cylon, -onis (m.) ; of or relating t» 
 Cylon, Cylonius, -a, -um. 
 
 Cyme, Cyme, -es (/.) ; Cymean, CymsBUl, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Cymodoci, Cymodftce, -es (/.). 
 
 CytnrthUe, Cymothoe, -es (/.). 
 
 Cynapes, the, Cynapes, -is (m.). 
 
 Cynosarges, Cynoaarges, -ium (/.). 
 
 CynoscephaltE, Cynoscephalas, -arum (/.). 
 
 Cynossema, Cynoasema, -atis (n.). 
 
 Cynthia, CynUiia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Cynthus (Mount), Cynthus, -i (to.) ; oJ ot 
 belonging to Cynthus, Cynthius, -a, -um. 
 
 Cynus, Cynus, -i (/.). 
 
 Cyparissia, Cyparisaia, -sb (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Cyparissia, Cyparissian, Cy- 
 parissius, -a, -um ; Gulf of Cyparissia, 
 Sinus Cypariasius. 
 
 Cyparissus, Cyparissus, -1 (to.). 
 
 Cyprian, Cyprianus, -i (to.). 
 
 Cypru?, Cyprus, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cyprus, Cyprian, Cyprius, a, -um j 
 Cypricus, -a, -um ; ind late, Cypriacua, 
 -a, -um ; pecul. feni., Cypris, -idis (esp 
 as appell. of Venus). 
 
 Cypsela, Cypsfila, -orum (n.). 
 
 Cypselus, Cypaelus, -i (m.) ; son of Cyps& 
 lus, Cypselldes, -ae (m.). 
 
 Cyrene, Cyrene, -es, and Cyienas, -anim 
 (/•) > "/ <"■ belonging to Cyrene, Cyre- 
 nean, Cyrenaicus, -a, -um ; Cyrenmui, 
 -a, -um ; and Cyrenensis, -e ; the coun- 
 try around Cyrene, Cyrenaica, -ae (/.); 
 the inhabitants of Cyrene, Cyrenalcl, 
 -orum, and Cyrenenaes, -ium (to.). 
 
 Cyril, Cyrillus, -i (to.). 
 
 Cyrus, Cyrua, -i (to.) ; of or belonging to 
 Cyrus, Cyreus, -a, -um. 
 
 Cyssus, Cyssus, -untis (/.). 
 
 Cyta^ Cyta, -te (/.) ; of or belonging tf 
 Cyta, Cytean, Cytseus, -a, -um, and Cjr- 
 tceaaua, -a, -um (poet.) ; pecul. fern., Cy- 
 taeis, -Idis. 
 
 Cythera, Cythera, -orum (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Cythera, Cythereius, -a, -um, 
 and Cytheriacua, -a, -um ; pecul. fern., 
 Cythereia. -idis ; Cythereiaa, -adia ; and 
 Cytherea, -ae (esp. as appell. of Venus). 
 
 Cythnus, Cythnus or Cythnos, -i (/.) ; of 
 or belonging to Cythnus, Cythnius, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Cytorus, Cy torus, -i (to.) ; of or belonging 
 to Cytorus, Cytorian, Cytorius, -a, um, 
 and Cytoriacus, -a, -um. 
 
 Cyzicus, Cyzicus, -i (to.), man's name.— 
 2. (/.) a city, and Cyzicum, -i (n.); of 
 or belongi7ig to Cyzicus, Cyzicenus, -» 
 -um. 
 
 D. 
 
 Daa, the, v. Daha. 
 
 Dacia, Dacia, -ae (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Dacia, Dacian, Dacicus, -a, -um ; a Da- 
 cian, Dacus, -i (to.) ; the Dacians, Daci, 
 -orum (to.). 
 
 Dttdala, Dwdala, -orum (n.). 
 
 Dadalion, Da?dalion, -onis (m.). 
 
 Dadalus, Daedalus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Dadalus, Ditdalcan, Daedalius, -a, 
 -um, and Dsdaleua, -a, -um. 
 
 Dagon, Dagon, indecl., and perhaps -onit 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Dahte, the, DahtB, -arum (m.). 
 
 Dalecarlia, Dalecarlia, -m (/.) 
 
 Dalila, Dalila, -as (/.). 
 
 Dalmatia, Dalmatia, -ae (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Dnhnalia, Dalmatian, Dalmati 
 cus, -a, -uni ; the Dalmatians, Dalmatif 
 -arum (m.).
 
 D R I 
 
 l/d t U&ua, •« (m.). 
 
 Oamalis, D&jnalis, idis (/^ 
 
 Damaris, Damaris, -idis (/., 
 
 PamascHS, Damascus, -i (/.) ; of or be- 
 Ic'iging to Damascus, Damascus, -a, 
 •um, and Damascenue, -a, -um ; tht ter- 
 rilory of Damascus, Damascene, -es, and 
 Pamascenii, te (/.). 
 
 Ddmasichihon, Damfisichthon, -finis (to.)- 
 
 Damasippus, Damusippus, -i (m.) 
 
 Damio, Damio, -onis (m.). 
 
 Damoclts, Damocles, -is (m.). I 
 
 Damocriius, Damocritua, -i (»».) ] 
 
 Damatas, DamcBtas, -83 (m.). 
 
 Damon, Damon, -onis (to.). 
 
 Danae, Danie, -0= (/.); of or belonging 
 to Danae, Danaeiu=, -a, -um- 
 
 Danai, the. Danai, -orum (m.). 
 
 Danaus, Danaus, -i (m.) : sons or descend- 
 ants of Danaus. DaJi&ida^, -arum (to.), 
 daughters or fimate descendants of DOr 
 naus, Danaides, -um (/.). 
 
 Vanet, the, Dani, -orum (m.) ; Danish, Da- 
 nicus. -a. -um ; laud of the Danes, r. 
 Denl^rk. 
 
 Daniel, Daniel, -ells, and Danielus, -i (m.). 
 
 Dantiic, Dantiscum, -i (n.) ; Gedanum, -i 
 
 (»■)• . I 
 
 Danube, the, Danflbius, -ii (to.) , Ister, -tn 
 
 (TO.) (prop, only a part) ; Danubian, Da- 
 nublnus, -a, -um. 
 Daphne, Daphne, -es (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Daphne, Daphnieus, -a, -um, a/if' 
 Daphnicus, -a, -um. 
 Daphnis, Daphnis, -idis (m.). ; 
 
 Daphnus, Daphnus, -untis (f.). 
 Daphnusa, Daphnusa, -le (j.). 
 Dardanelles (Straits of the), Hellespontus, 
 
 •i (m.). 
 Dardania, Dardania, -ee (/.); Dardanian, 
 of or belonging to Dardania, DardaniuB, 
 -a, -um. and Dardanicus, -a, -nm ; the 
 Dardanians. Dardani. -orum (to.). 
 Da'daniiS, Dardanus, i (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Dardan us. Dardanus, -a, -um, 
 and DardaniuB, a, -um : soji or descend- 
 ant of Dardanus, Dardanides, -« (m.) ; 
 daughter or female descendant of Dar- 
 danus, Dardanis, -idis; descendants of 
 Dtrdanus, Dardanidaj, -arum contract- 
 ed -dm (m.) (poet, for Trojans and Ro- 
 mans). 
 Dares, Dares, -fitis (m.). 
 Darius, Darius, -ii, or Dirgus, -i (m.). 
 Dmrmsiadt, Darmstadium, -ii (n.) ; qf 
 
 Darmstadt, Darmstadiensia, -e. 
 Dartmouth, Dartmutiiia, -bb (/.). 
 Daseylium. Dascylium, -ii (n.), and Das- 
 
 cylos, -\ (/.). 
 Daeiut. Dasius. -ii (m.). 
 Datis, Datis, -is (m.). 
 
 Danlis, } Daulis, -idis (/.) ; ofDautis, Dau- 
 Danlia, \ Han, Daulius, -a, -um; pecui. 
 
 Jc^.. Daulias, -adis. 
 Daunia, Daunia, -as (/.) ; of Daunia, Dau- 
 nian, Daunius, -a, -um, and Dauniacus, 
 -a, um. 
 Daunus, Daunus. i (ra.). 
 Dauphiny, Delphinatus, us (m.) ; of Dau- 
 
 phiny, Delphinas, -atiB. 
 Daventry, Bennavenna, -« (/). 
 David, David, indec.l., and David, -Idis 
 (m.) ; of or belonging to David, Davidi- 
 cus, -a, -um. 
 David's, St., Menevia, -a; (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to St. David's, Meneviensis, -e. 
 Davus, Davus, -i (m.). 
 Dead Sea, Lacus Aspbaltltes, -m (».). 
 Deal. Dola, -SB (/.). 
 Deborah, Debdra, -bb (/.). 
 Debreczin, Debrecinum, -i (n.). 
 Decapdlis. DScapdlis, -is (/.) : of or be- 
 longing to Decapolis, Decap61ltanus. -a, 
 -um. 
 Decelia, Decelia, -m (/.). 
 Decentius, Decentius, -ii (to.). 
 Oecetia, DecStia. -m (/.)• 
 Decidius, Decidius, -ii (to.). 
 Decimius, Decimius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Decimius, Decimianus, -a, -um. 
 Decise, DecStia, -sb (/.). 
 Decius, Decius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Decius, Deci&nus, -a, -um. 
 Dee, the, Deva, -m (m.). 
 Deicnira, D6i&nira. -SB (/.). 
 Deidilmia, Deidamla, -8B (/.). 
 Deiopea, Deiopea, -«b (/.). 
 Delotartu, De56tarus, -i (to.). 
 Defphile. DeipbTle. -es (/.). 
 46 
 
 U 1 D 
 
 DeHphobe, D6iph6be, -es (/.). 
 DeXphobus, Deiphdbus, -i (to.). 
 Dejauira, v. Deiantra. 
 Delhi, Clisobora, -m (/.). 
 Delft, Delphium, -il (n.). 
 Delia, Delia, -a- (./.). 
 Dclium, Delium, -ii (n.). 
 Ddus, Delos or Dfelus, -i (/.) ; of Delos, 
 Delimn, Dclius, -a, um, and Deli&cus, 
 -a, um. 
 Delphi, Delphi, -orum (to.) ; of or beUmg- 
 ing to Delphi, Delphic, Delphicus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Delta, Delta, indecl. (n.). 
 Delus, V. Delos. 
 Demides, Demades, -is (to.). 
 Demarata, Demarata, -ts (/.). 
 Demara'us, Deniaratus, -i (to.). 
 Demea, Demea, -as (ra.). 
 Demetrias, Demetrias, adis (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Demetrias, Demetriacug, -a, 
 -um. 
 Demetrium, Demetrium. -ii (n.). 
 Demetrius, Demetrius, -ii (m.). 
 Demiurgus, Demiurgus, -i (m.). 
 Democftares, D6m6chares, -is (to.). 
 Democrates, Democrates, -is (to.). 
 Democritus, Democritus, -i (to.) ; of De- 
 mocritus, Democritean, Democrlteus, -a. 
 -um, and Democrlticus, -a, -um . the 
 disciples of Democritus, Democritei or 
 -critlci, -orum (to.). 
 Demddicus, Demodocus, -i («».). 
 Demoleon, Demdlcon, -ontis (m.). 
 Demoleus, Demoleus, -i (to.). 
 Demonicus, Demdnicus, -i (to.). 
 Drmophoon, Demdphoon, •ontis (tn.). 
 Demotica, DidymoHchos, -i (»i.). 
 Demosthenes, Demosthenes, -is (m.) ; of 
 or belonging to Demosthenet, Demos- 
 thenicufl, -a, -um. 
 Dendera, v. Tentyra. 
 Deni ark, Dania, -w (/.) , an inhabitant 
 
 of J Denmark, v. Danes. 
 Denv\^v. Deuys. 
 Den, It, Dentatus. -i (to.). 
 DcHj Dionysius, -ii (to.). 
 Deoa,' , Deodatus, -i (to.). 
 Derbe, )erbe, -es (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Derbe, Derbean, DerbsBUS, -a, -um ; an 
 inhabitant of Derbe, Derbfites, -» (to). 
 Derbent, AlbanisB portBB, -arum (/.). 
 Derbices. the, Derblces, -nm (m.). 
 Derby. Darbia, -m (/.) ; Derventia, -«b (/.) . 
 Derbyshire, Derbicensia ( Derblensie ) 
 comitatus. 
 Dercetia, \ DercStia, -is (/.), antd DercSto, 
 Derceto, i -its (/.). 
 Dercyllut, Dercyllua, -1 («.)- 
 Dtrpat, ▼. DoTTpoL 
 Derry, Deria, -w (/.). 
 Dertona, Dertona. -8b (/.). 
 Denocnt, Derventus, -i (m.). 
 Desmond, Desraonia, -sb (/.). 
 Despoto (Mount), Rhodope, -es (/.). 
 Dessau, Desaavia, -m (/.). 
 Detmold, Detmoldia, -bb (/.). 
 D^HCaZ/on, Deucalion, -onis (to.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Deucalion, Deucalldnias, -«, 
 ' um ; S071 of Deucalion, Dencalitaldea, 
 and Deucalides, -aj (m.). 
 Deuxponts. Bipontium, -ii (n.). 
 I Deva, Decidava, -as (/.). 
 Deventer. Davontria, -as (/.). 
 Devonshire, Devonia, -w (/.). 
 Dexippnt, Dexippus, -i (m.). 
 Dia, Dia, -a; (/). 
 
 Diadumenus, DiadQmSnus, -i (■•.). 
 Diagondaa, Dingondas, -sb (».). 
 Diagoras, Diigdras, -ae (m.). 
 Diana, Diana, -ffi (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Diana, Dianius, -a -um. 
 Dianium, Dianium, -ii (n.). 
 Dicaa, Dictta, -m (/). 
 Dicaarchia, Diciearchia, -m (/.) ; inhmbit- 
 ants of Dicaarchia, Dicajarchwi, -orum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Dicaarehut, Dicfearchus, -i (to.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Dicaarehttt, Dic8;arch6u8, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Dicte (Monnt), Dicte, -es, and Dicta, -as 
 (/•) ". "/ or belonging to Dicte, Diciean, 
 Dictasus, -a, -um. 
 
 Dictynna. Dictynna, -w (/.); of or he- 
 longing to Dictynna, Dictynnffius, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Dictijs, Dictys, -yis or -yos (,/n.). 
 
 Didius. Didius, -ii (to.) ; nf or belonging 
 to Didius. Didian, Didius. -a, -um. 
 
 D O It 
 
 Dido, Dido, -lis. Uis usual -dnis ( /■. 
 
 Diriymaun, Didymaon. -onis (im.i 
 
 Didymus, Didynius, -i (to.). 
 
 Dieppe, Deppa, -a; (/.). 
 
 Digentia, Digentia, -a; If.). 
 
 Digitius, Digitius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Digne, Dinia, -m (/.), q. v. 
 
 Dijon, Divio, -onis (/.) ; Diviodunom, * 
 
 (n.) ; of or btUmging to Dijon, Inrio 
 
 nensis, -e. 
 Dinarchus, Dinarchua, -i (m.). 
 Dindymns (Mount), Dindymus, i im.) 
 
 and Dindyiiia. -orum (n.) ; uj' or iuJong 
 
 ing to Dindi/mus, Dindynienus. u. -nm ; 
 
 Dindymus, -a, -um. 
 Dinia, Dinia. -as (f.) ; if or belonging M 
 
 Dinia, Dinien^is, -e. 
 Dinochares, Dinocbftres, -is (to.). 
 Dinocraief, Dinocrates, -is (to.). 
 Dinomachc, Dinomache, -es (/.) 
 Dinomachus, DinSmachus, -i (m.). 
 Dinon. Dinon or Dino, -onis (to.) 
 Dio, Die or Dion, -onis (m.). 
 Diocltares, Difichins. is (m.); of or reiat 
 
 ing to Di(j< hares, Diochariims, -a, -um 
 Diodea, Dioclca, -»> (/.). 
 Diocles, Diodes, -is (m.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Diocles, Diocleus, -a, -um. 
 Diocletian, Diocletianus, -i (m.) ; of or b» 
 
 longing to Diocletian, Diocletianus. -■ 
 
 -nm. 
 Diodnrus, Diodorus, -i (m.). 
 Diodotus, Diodotus, -i (ra.). 
 Diogenes, Di6g6nee, -is (to.). 
 Diognttus, Diognetus, -i (m.). 
 Diognotus, Diognotus, -i (m.). 
 Diomedes, Diomedes, -is (m.) . oj or o* 
 
 longing to Diomedes, Diomidian. Difr 
 
 medeus, -a, -um. 
 Dion, V. Dio. 
 Dione, Dione, es, and Diona, -m (f.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to Dione, Dionuius, -a, um 
 Dionysia, Dionysia, -« (/.). 
 Dionysius, Dionysius, -ii (to.). 
 Dionysodorur, Dionj-sOdorus, -I (»., 
 Diophanes, Diophanes, -is (m.). 
 Diores, Diores, -aj (m.). 
 Dioscuri, the., Dioscuri, -orum (m.; 
 Diospolis, Diospolis, -is (/.) ; oforbeto?,^ 
 
 ing to Diospolis, Diospolitanus, -a. -um. 
 
 and masc. adj., Diospolites, -as. 
 Diotrephes, Diotrephes, -is (m.). 
 Diphilus, Diphllus, -i (m.). 
 Dipsas, Dipsas, -adis (/.), a tcoman'i namt 
 
 — 2. Dipsas, -antis (to.), a river. 
 Dipso, .fidepsum, -i (n.). 
 Diree, Dirce, -es, and Dirca, -m (/) , oj 
 
 or belonging in Dirce, Dircian, Dircee 
 
 us, -a, -um. 
 Diteordia, Discordia, -ce (/.). 
 Diva, Dera, -m (/.). 
 Dium, DiiUD, -il (n.) ; of or belonging u 
 
 Dium, Dian, Diensia, •«. 
 Divio, V. Dijon. 
 Divitiacus, Divitiacua, -i (m.). 
 Divodurum, Divodurum. -i (n.). 
 Divona, Div6na. -m (/.). 
 Dnieper, the, Borysthenes, -is (m.). 
 Dniester, tlie, Danaster. -tri, and Tyras, -s 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Docimus, Docimus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Dodona, D6dona, -» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Dodona, Dodonajus, a, -um, and Do- 
 
 doniua, -a, -um : pead. fern., Dodonis, 
 
 -Idis. 
 Dolabella, Dolabella, -as (to.); of or be 
 
 longing to Dolabella. Dolabelli&nus, -a 
 
 -um. 
 Doliche, Doliche, -es (/.). 
 Dolichus. Dolichus, -i (m.). 
 Dolon, D61on. onis (m.). 
 Dolonne, the. Dolonca', -rum (m.). 
 Dolopia, D6I6pia, -aj (/.) ; the Dolopiant, 
 
 D6l6pes. -um (to.) ; Dolopian, D6I6pei- 
 
 us, -a, -um. 
 Domitia. Domitia, -m (f). 
 Domitian, Domitianus, -i (ra.). 
 Domitius, Domitius, -ii (to.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Domitius, Domitius, -a, -um, «n« 
 
 Domitianus, -a, -um. 
 Don, the, Tanals, -is (ra.). 
 Donatuf, Donutus. i (m.). 
 Doncaster. Dannm, -i (n.). 
 Donegal. Dungalia, -SB (/.) ; of or belung 
 
 ing to Donel'ol, Dungalenais, -e- 
 Donusa. Donusa. -a; (/). 
 Dora, Dora, -as (/.). 
 Dorcas. Dorcas.jadia (/). 
 Doreeut, DorceuB. -f.oa and -Si (» 
 
 721
 
 DUN 
 
 Uo-c^aur Dorcestxia, -aj (/.). 
 
 DorJo^nt ihe, Ouranius, -ii (in.). 
 
 C^tnans, the, Dores, -um (ts.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Doriant, Dorian, Dorius, -a 
 ■um ; Doricus, -a, -um ; and Doriensis, 
 -e ; /era. adj., Doris, -idis ; the country of 
 the Dorians, Doris, -idis (/.). 
 
 Dorion, Dorion, -ii (n.). 
 
 wrns, V. Bub Dorians. 
 
 Uoriscus, Doriscus, -i (/.). 
 
 Dornoch, Domodunum, -i (n.). 
 
 Doron, Doron or Dorum, -i (n.). 
 
 Dorotheus, Dorotheus, -i (m.). 
 
 Dorothy, Dorothea, •« (/.). 
 
 Dorpat, Dorpatum, -i, and Derbatnm, i 
 
 Dorso, Dorso, -onis (m.). 
 
 Dort, Dordracum, -i (re.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Dort, Dordracensis, -e. 
 Dortmund, Dormundia, -ea (/.); Tremo- 
 
 nia, -ffi (/.). 
 Dortrecht z= Dort. 
 Dorus, Dorus, -i (m.). 
 Dorylaum, Dorylseum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 
 Umging to DoryUcum, DoryuBU8,-a,-uin, 
 
 and Dorylensis, -e. 
 Dosiades, Dosiades, -is (m.). 
 Dositheus, Dositbeus, -i (»».). 
 Dosseunus, Dossennus, -i (m.). 
 Dolion, Dotion, -ii (w.). 
 Doto, Doto, -Us (/.). 
 Douay, Catuacum, -i (ra.) ; Duacum. i (n.) ; 
 
 of or relatijig to Douay, Dnaceosis, -e. 
 Doubs, the, Alduabis, -is, or Dubie, is (tn.). 
 Douglas, Duglasium, -ii (».). 
 Dotirdun, Dordanum, ' 'w.). 
 Douro, the, Durius, -ii (ot.). 
 Doux, the, V. Doubs. 
 
 Dover, Dubris, -is (ra.) ; Dubrae, •arom (/.). 
 Down, Dunum, -i {n.) \ Cottnty Doun, Du- 
 
 nensis Cornitatus. 
 Draburg, Dravoburgiina, -1 (n.). 
 Draco, Draco, -onis (ra.). 
 Dragonara, Geronium, ii (n.). 
 Dragoue, the, Draco, -onis (m.). 
 Drances, Drances, is (to.). 
 Drapano, Drepanum, -i (n.), Promontori- 
 
 um. 
 Drave, the, Dravus, -i {,vi.). 
 Drepanum, Drepanum, -i (n.), and Dre- 
 
 par a, -orum (n.). 
 
 Drogheda, Droghdiea, » (/.). 
 
 Dromiscus, Dromiscus, -i (/.). 
 
 Dromus, Dromus or Drdmos, -i (m.). 
 
 Droniheim, Nidrosia, -» (/.). 
 
 Druenlia, the, Drucntia, -as (»».) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Druentia, Druenticns, •■, 
 •um. 
 
 Drusilla, Drusilla, -aa (/.). 
 
 Druio, Druso, -onis (m.). 
 
 Drufus, Drusus, -i (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Drusus, Drusianus, -a, -um, and Dru- 
 einus, -a, -tim. 
 
 Dryads, the, Dryades, -um (/.) ; a Dryad, 
 Dryas, -adis. 
 
 Dryas, Dryas, -antls (ra.); ton of Dryai, 
 Dryantiades or Dryantides, -»< (m.). 
 
 Drymtt, Drymee, -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Dryma, DrymsBUS, -a, -um. 
 
 Drymo, Drymo, -da (/.). 
 
 Drymusa, Drymusa, -m (/.). 
 
 Dryope, Dryope, -es (/.). 
 
 Dryopes, the, Drydpes, -um (•!.). 
 
 Dubis, the, Dubis, -is (ra.). 
 
 Dublin, Dublinum, -i (n.); Dablinia, -s 
 (/.) ; and perhaps Ebiana, -w (/.) ; of 
 Dublin, Dubliniensis, -e. 
 
 Dubris, Dubris, -is (m.). 
 
 Dudley, Dudleia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Duero or Douro = Durius, a. v. 
 
 Duillius, DuiUius, -ii (m.) ; Duillian, Duil- 
 lius, -a. -um. 
 
 Duina, Duina, -as (/.). 
 
 Dulgibini, the, Dulgiblni, -orum (m.). 
 
 Dultchium, Dulichium, -ii (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Dulichium, L^liehian, Duli 
 chius, -a, -um. 
 
 Dumiartmi or Dunbriton, Britamiodnntira, 
 •1 (n.). 
 
 Dumfries, Dimfreia, -te (/".). 
 
 Dumnacus, Dumnacus, -i («».). 
 
 Dumnorix, Dumnorix, -Igis (».). 
 
 Jyimbar, Dumbarum, -i (n.). 
 
 J!>unblain, Dumblacum, -i (n.). 
 
 ^undalk, Dunkranum, -I (n.). 
 
 QuTidee, Allectum, -1 (».). 
 
 \hi%kirk, Dunquerca, -sb (/). 
 722 
 
 E GM 
 
 Dunstan, Dunstanns, -i (m.). 
 
 Durance, the, Druentia, -w (m.). 
 
 Duranius, the, Duranius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Durazzo, y. Dyrrachium. 
 
 Duria, the, Duria, •» (/.). 
 
 Durham, Dunelmum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Durham, Dunelmensis, -e. 
 
 Duris, Duris, -idis (m.). 
 
 Durius, the (now Douro), Durius, -ii (m.) ; 
 of or relating to the Durius, Durien- 
 sis, -e. 
 
 Durnomagus, Dumomagus, -i (/.). 
 
 Durocortorum, Durocortorum, -i (n.). 
 
 Duronia, Duronia, -a (/). 
 
 Duronius, Duronius, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Dusseldorf, Dusseldorpium, -ii (re.). 
 
 Dwina, the, Duina, -» (/.); CarambsBis, 
 •is (m.). 
 
 Dymas, Dymas, -antis (ra.) ; daughter of 
 Dymas, Dymantis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Dyme, Dyme, -es, and Dymae, -arum (/.) ; 
 Dymaan, Dyniijeus, -a, -um. 
 
 Dyrrachium, ? Dyrrachium, -ii (n.) ; of or 
 
 Durazzo, ) belonging to Dyrrachi- 
 um, Dyrrachlnus, -a, -um ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Dyrrachium, Dyrrachini or -eni, 
 -orum (m.). 
 
 Eadith, r. Edith. 
 Eadulph, Eadulphus, -i (m.). 
 Earinus, Earinus, -i (m.). 
 Ebersdorf, Aula Nova (/.). 
 Ebora, > Ebora, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 Evora, J to Ebora. Eborensis, -e. 
 Eboracum, Eboracum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Eboracum, Eboracensis, -e. 
 Ebro, the, Iberus, -i (m.). 
 Ebura, Ebura, -eo (/.). 
 Eburodunnm, Eburodunum, -1, (n.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to Eburodunnm, Eburo- 
 
 dunensis, -e. 
 Eburones, the, Ebur6ne8, -um (m.). 
 Eburovices, the, Eburovices, -um (m.). 
 Ebusus, > Ebusus or Ebusos, -i (/.) ; of or 
 Ivifo, 5 belonging to Ebusus, Eb&si- 
 
 tanus. -a, -um. 
 Ecbataua, Ecbatana, -orum (n.), and -at 
 
 (/.), and -anaj, -arum (/.). 
 Ecetra, Ecetra, -a; (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Ecetra, Ecetranus, -a, -um. 
 Echecrates, Echecrates, -is (m.). 
 Echedemus, Echgdemus, i (m.). 
 Echidna, Echidna, -aa (/.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Echidna, Echidna?U8, -a, •um. 
 Eehinades, the, Echin&des, -um (/.), in- 
 
 SUlSB. 
 
 Echinus, Echinus, -i (/.). 
 
 Echinussa, Echinussa, -sb (/.). 
 
 Echion, Echion, -finis (ra.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Echion, Echionius, -a, -um ; ton 
 of Echion, Echionides, -» (m.). 
 
 Echo, Echo, -(is (/.). 
 
 EcuUo, Eculeo, -onis (ra.). 
 
 Eden, the, Ituna, -sb (/.). 
 
 Edessa, Edessa, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Edessa, Edesssus, -a, •um, and Edes- 
 senus, -a, -um. 
 
 Edinburgh, Alata Castra (re.) ; Edinum or 
 Edenburgum, -i (n.) ; nf or belonging to 
 Edinburgh, Edenburgensis, -e. 
 
 Edetani, the, Edetani, -orum (ra.). 
 
 Edgar, Edgarus, -i, and Edgar, -aris {m.). 
 
 Edith, Editha, -sb (/.). 
 
 Edmund, Edmundus. -i (m.). 
 
 Edom, Edom, indecl. (m.), a man's name. 
 — 2. (/.), name of a country ; Idumspa. 
 -» (/.)• 
 
 Edoni, the, Edoni, -orum (ra.) ; of or re- 
 lating to the Edoni, Edonian, Edonus, 
 -a, -um, and Edonius, -a, •um; pecul. 
 fern., Edonie, -idis. 
 
 Edonus (Mount), Eddnus, -i, and Edon, 
 ■onis (m.). 
 
 Edusa, Edusa, -se (/.). 
 
 Edward, Edoardus, -i, and Edvardus, -i 
 (ra.). 
 
 Edwin, Edvtnus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Eetion, Efition, -onis (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Eetion, Eetioneus, -a, -um. 
 
 Egbert, Egbertus, -i (m.). 
 
 Egeria, Eggria, -sb (/.). 
 
 Egerius, Egerius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Egesinus, Egesinus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Egesta, Egesta, -sb (/.). 
 
 Egidius, Egidius. -ii {m.\ 
 
 Egina, v. Enghia. 
 
 Egmont, Ef^oDtinm, -U (».). 
 
 EM? 
 
 Egnatia, Egnatia, m (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Egnatia, Eguatinus, -a, -um. 
 Egnatius, Egnatius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Egnatius, Egnatianus, -a, -lun. 
 Egypt, ^gyptus and -tos, -i (/), v. £gypt. 
 Eisltben, Islebia, -sb (/.). 
 Elaa, Elita, -8b (/.) ; of or belonging U 
 
 EUea, Elaeensls, -e. 
 Elaus, Elaeus, -untis (/.). 
 Elam, Elam, indecl. (ra.) ; descendants of 
 
 Elam, the Elamites, Elamitse, -aruin. 
 Elatea, Elatea, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Elatea, Elatensis, e, and Elatitnsis, -e. 
 Elath, jElana, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging tc 
 
 Elath, ^,laniticus, -a, •um. 
 Elatus, Elatus, -i (m.) ; son of Elatus, E3a- 
 
 teius, -i (m.). 
 
 Alli^,' \ ^^^ Elaver, -eris (ra.). 
 
 £/ia,'llva. -aj (/.) ; iEthalia, -ai (/.). 
 
 Elbe, the, Albis, is (ra.). 
 
 Elbing, Elbinga, •« (/.). 
 
 Eldred, Eldredus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Elea, ?Elea, -sb (/.) ; of Elea, EleatU, 
 
 Velia, J Eleaticus, -a, -um, and flleatei. 
 
 •B (ra.). 
 Eleanor, Eleanora, -se (/.). 
 Eleazar, Eleazar, -aris, and Eleazarus, i 
 
 (ra.). 
 Electra, Electra, -sb (/.) ; of or relating le 
 
 Eleetra, Electrius, -m, -um. 
 EUaryon, Electryon, -onifl (w.) 
 Electus, Electus, -i (ra.). 
 Elefta, Elatea^ -ffl (/.). 
 Eleleus, Eleleus, •eos and •6i (m.;. 
 Elephantine, Elephantine, -es (/.) 
 Elephaniis, Elephantis, -idis (/.). 
 Eleusa, Eleusa, -sb (/.). 
 Eleusis, Eleusis or Eleusin, -inis (/.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to Eleusis, Eleusinian, 
 
 Eleusinius, -a, -um, and Eleusinus, ■«, 
 
 •um. 
 Elias, EUas, -sb (ra.). 
 Elicius, Elicius, -ii (ro.). 
 Eliezer, Eliezer, indecl. (ra.). 
 Elijah z= Elias. 
 Elimea, Elimea, -SB (f.). 
 Elimbo (Mount), Olympus, i (m.) 
 Elimintis, Elimiotis, -idis (/.). 
 Elis, Elis, -idis (/.); of or belonging u 
 
 EUs, Elean, Elius or Eleus. -a, -um ; latt 
 
 Elidensis, -e ; pecul. fern., EUas. -adis. 
 Elisn. Elisa or Elissa, -SB (/.) ; of or relmt- 
 
 iiig to Elisa, ElissBUS, -a, -um. 
 Elisabeth, EUsabetha, -te (/.), also indeet 
 Elisha, ElisiBus, -i (ra.). 
 Eliza, Eliza, -as (/.). 
 Elizabeth, v. Elisabeth. 
 Elmeflij, Ulmetum, -i («.). 
 Elorus, Elorus, -i (ra.), and Elorum, -i 
 
 (n.) ; of or belonging to Elorus, Elorian. 
 
 Elorius, -a, -um. and Elorinus, -a, um 
 
 alio written Helorus, &c. 
 Elpenor, Elpenor, -firis (ra.). 
 Elsineur, Elsenora, -aj (/). 
 Elusa, Elusa, -sb (/.) ; the inhabitants of 
 
 Elusa, Elus&ni, -orum, and Elusate& 
 
 -ium (ra.). 
 Ely, Ella, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging to Ely 
 
 Eliensis, -e. 
 Elymai, the, Elymssi, -orum (ra.) ; (Ai 
 
 country of the Elynuti, Elymais, -idis (/.) 
 Elysium, Elysium, .ii (re.); Elytian, Ely 
 
 siuB, -a, -um ; the Elysian Fields, Elysia 
 
 Cam pi. 
 Emalhia, Emathia, -sb ( /.) ; Emathtm%. 
 
 Emattiius, -a, -um ; peeui.fem., Em&tfai& 
 
 -idis. 
 Emathion, Emathion, -onis («•.). 
 Emboli, Amphipolis, -is (/.). 
 Embrun, Eburodunnm, -i (re.). 
 Emeric or Emery, Almericus, -i (m.). 
 Emerita, > Emerita. -sb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 Merida, J ing to Emerita, Emeritanuc 
 
 -a, -um, and Emeritensis, -e. 
 Emisa, Emisa or Emesa, •» (/.) ; of orb* 
 
 longing to Emisa, Emisenus, -a, -um. 
 Emma, Emma, -sb (/.). 
 Emmanuel, EMMANtrEL, indecL (t».) 
 Emmaus, Emtnaus, -i (/.). 
 Emodus (Mount), Emoiius, -i (m.), Moni 
 
 Emodi, -orum (ra), Montes; and Em6 
 
 des, -is (ra.), Mocs. 
 Empedocles, Empedocles, -is (m.) : En 
 
 pedoclean, Empedocleus, -a, -um. 
 Emporia, Emporia, -orum (n.) 
 Emporia, Emporia-, arum (/.) ; of or bt 
 
 longing to Kmpona Emporitanus, -•. 
 
 -um.
 
 E PP 
 
 Htuitulum, Empulum, -i (ra.)- 
 
 EfHS, the, Amisia, -ub, and Amisius, ii 
 
 (m.). 
 Enceladiis, Enceladus, -i (m.;. 
 Endymion, Kndymion, -finis (m.) ; of or 
 
 belonging to kndymion, Endymioaeus, 
 
 •a, -urn. 
 Eneti, v. Hentti. 
 
 Enghien, Angia, -m (/.)■ 
 Engia or Engkia, ^gina, •» (/.), q- ▼• 
 England, Anglia, -w (/.), v. Britain ; En- 
 glish, Anglicua, -a, -um, and Anglica- 
 nus, -a, -um ; an Englishman, Aoglus, 
 ■i (m.) ; NnD England, Nova Anglia (/.) ; 
 a New Eiiglander, Novus Anglicanus. 
 Engyo7i, Engyon, -i {n.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Engyon, Engynus, -a, -um. 
 Enipeus, Enipeus, -oos or -ei (»».). 
 Enna, Enna, -m (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Enna, Ennteus, -a, -um, and Ennen- 
 sis, -e. 
 Enneacrunos, Enneacrunos, -i (m.). 
 Enncapolis, Enneapolis, -is (/.). 
 Ennius, Ennius, ii (n».) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Ennius, Ennlanus, -a, -um. 
 Ennodiua, Ennodius, -ii (wt.). 
 Ennomus, Ennomus, -i (m.). 
 Enoch, Enoch, indecl. (m.) ; S07is, descend- 
 ants of Enoch, EnochitiB, -arum («i.). 
 Enos, JEnoB, -i (/.). 
 Bntella, Entella, -w (/.); of or belonging 
 
 to Entella, Entellinus, -a, -um. 
 EnteUns, EntcUus, -i (m.). 
 Enyo, Enyo, -ds (/.). 
 Eordea, Eordea, -as (/.); Eordian, Eor- 
 
 dieus, -a, -um, atid Eordensis, -e. 
 Epaminondas, Epaminondas, ee (m.). 
 Epaphras, Epaphras, -ffi {m.). 
 Epaphroditus, Epaphrodltug, i (m.) ; of 
 or relating to Epaphroditus, Ephaphro- 
 ditianua, -a, -um. 
 Epaphus, Epaphus, -i (ra.). 
 Epeans, the, Epei, -orum (»».). 
 Epenel}!^, Epa;netu8, -i (m.). 
 Epcries, Aperiascio. -onis (/.) ; Eperiaj, 
 
 -arum (/.). 
 Epcus, Epeus, -i («a.) 
 Ephesus, EphSsus, -i (f.) ; of Ephesus, 
 Ephesian, Ephfisius, -a, -um, and Ephe- 
 einus, -a, -um. 
 Ephialtes, Epbialtes, -as (m.). 
 Ephorus, Ephorus, -i (to.). 
 Ephraim, Ephraim, indecl., and EphraS- 
 
 mus, -i (m.). 
 
 Ephyra, Ephyra, -ce, and Ephyre, -es (/.) ; 
 
 of or belonging to Ephyra, EphyrsBUS, 
 
 -a, -um, and Ephyreius, -a, -um ; an i»- 
 
 habilant of Ephyra (a Corinthian), Ephy- 
 
 reiades, -m (m.); Ephyreias, -ftdis (/.). 
 
 Epicharis, Epicbaris, -is (m.). 
 
 Epicharmus, Epicharmus, 1 (m.) ; of Epi- 
 
 ckarmus, Epicbarmius, -a, -um. 
 Epiclerus, Epiclerus, -i (ro.). 
 Epicncmidii, the, Epicnemidli, -orum 
 
 (m.). 
 Epirrates, Epicrates, -is (m.). 
 Epictetns, Epictetus, i (ra.). 
 Epicurus, Epicflrus, -i (ra.) ; of Epicurus, 
 
 Epicurean, Epicureus, -a, -um. 
 Epidamnus, Epidamnus, -i (/.) ; of Epi- 
 damnuB, Epidamnian, Epidamnius, -a, 
 um. 
 Eptdaurus, Epidaurus, -1 (/.), and Epi 
 Uaurum, -i (n.) ; of Epidaurus, Epidau- 
 rian, Epidaurius, -a, -um, and late Epi- 
 dauritAnus, -a, -um. 
 Epidicus, Epidlcus, -i (ra.). 
 Epigenes, Epicfines, is (m.) 
 Epigoni, the, Epigoni, -orum (m.). 
 Epimenidet, Epimenides, -is (ra.). 
 Epimetlieus, Epimetheus, -fios an<^-ei (ra.) ; 
 daughter of Epimctheus, Epimetbis, -Idis 
 
 (/•)■ 
 
 Eptphanes, Epiphanes, is (ra.). 
 
 Epiphania, Epipbania, -te (/.). 
 
 Eptphanius, Epiphanius, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Epipola, Epipoltt), -arum (/.). 
 
 Epirus, Epirus and Epiros, -i (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Epirus, Epiroticus, -a, -um, 
 and Epirensis, -e : an inhabitant of Epi- 
 rus, an Epirote, Epirotes and Epirota, 
 ■«B (ra.V 
 
 Epona, Ep6na. -^ (/). 
 
 Epopeus, Epopeus, -eos or -ei («.) 
 
 Epopos, Epopos, -i (TO.) 
 
 Eporedia, Eporedia, ea (/.). 
 
 Eppius. Eppius -ii (m i. 
 
 EST 
 
 Epponiua, EppoDina, -cb (/). 
 
 Epylus, Epytus, -i (ra.) ; son of Epytus, 
 Epytides, -m (ra.). 
 
 Erasinus, the, Eraslnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Erasistralus, Erasiatrfttus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Erasmus, Erasmus, -i (m.). 
 
 Eraslus, Erustus, -i (m.). 
 
 Erato, Erato, -lis (/.). 
 
 Eratosthenes, Eratostbgnes, -is (ra.). 
 
 Erbessus, Erbessus, -i (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Erbessus, Erbessensis, -e. 
 
 Erebus, Erebus, -i (m.) ; of Erebus, Ere- 
 beuB, -a, -um. 
 
 Erechtheus, ErechtbeTls, -60s or -ei (ra.) ; of 
 or relating to Erechtheus, ErechtbSujB, -a, 
 -um ; son or descendant of Erechtheus, 
 Erecbtbides, -aj (m.) ; daughter or female 
 descendant of Erechtheus, Erecbtbia, 
 •idis. 
 
 Eressus, Eressus, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Eressus, Eressian, Eressius, -a, -um. 
 
 Eretri ^ Erythra, q. v. 
 
 Eretria, Eretria, -m (/.) ; of Eretria. Ere- 
 trian, Eretrius, -a, -um ; Eretricnsis, -e ; 
 and Eretrias, -atis (ra., /.) ; the Erelri- 
 ans (sect of Eretrian philosophers), Ere- 
 trici, -orum (ra.). 
 
 Eretum, Eretum, -i (n.) ; of Eretum, Ere- 
 tian, Eretlnus, -a, -um. 
 
 Erfurt, Erfordia, -w (/.). 
 
 Ergavica, Ergavica, -w (/.) ; of Ergavica, 
 Ergavicensis, -e. 
 
 Ergetium, Ergetium, -ii (n.) ; of Ergetium, 
 Ergeiian, Ergetinus, a, -um. 
 
 Erginus, Erginus, -i (m.). 
 
 Erichtho, Ericbtho, -da (/.). 
 
 Erichthonius, Eriehthdnius, -il (ra.) ; of or 
 derived from Erichthonius, Erichthoni- 
 us, -a, -um. 
 Ericinium, Ericiniuin, -il (n..). 
 Eridanus, the, Eridanus, -i (m.). 
 Erigone, Erigone, -es (/.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Erigone, Erigonoius, a, um 
 Erigonus, Erigonus, -i, and Erlgou. -6uis 
 
 Erinna, Erimia, -te, and Erimie, -es (/.). 
 
 Erinys, Erinys, -yos (/.). 
 
 Eriphyle, EripbyU, -es, and Eripbyla, -» 
 
 (/.) ; of or belonging to Eriphyle, Eri- 
 phyliBUs, -a, -um. 
 Eris, Eris, -idis (/.). 
 Erisichthon, Erisichtbon, -finiB (ra). 
 Erissi, Eressus, q. t. 
 Eriza, Eriza, -m (/.) ; of Eriia, Erizenus, 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Erlangen, Erlanga, -ea (/.). 
 Ernest, Emestus, -i («.). 
 Eros, Eros, -otis (to.). 
 Erycina, v. Eryx. 
 Erymanthus {Mount), ErymanthuB, i 
 
 (ra.) ; of Erymanthus, Erymanthiau. 
 
 Erymanthius, -a, -um ; pecul.fem., Ery 
 
 mantbins, -adis. and Erymanthis, -idis. 
 Erymas, Erymas, -antis (ro.). 
 Erythea, Erytbea or -thia, -bb (/.) ; of or 
 
 relating to Erythea, Erythfius, -a, -um 
 
 pecul.fem., Erytbeis, -idis. 
 Erythra, Erythrce, -arum (/) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Erythr<z, Erythreean, Erythreus 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Eryx (Mount), Eryx, -ycis (m.) ; of or re 
 
 lating to Eryx, Erycinus, -a, -um ; esp. 
 
 in fern., Erycina, as appell. of Venus.— 
 
 2. a man's name, Eryx, -ycis (ra.). 
 Esaias, Esalas, -m (ra.). 
 Esaro, the, .fisar, -aria (ra.). 
 Esau, Esau, indecl., and Esavus, -i («.). 
 Escurial, Escurlacum, -i, and Escuriftle, 
 
 48 (n.). 
 Esdras, Esdras, •» (ra.). 
 Esino, the, Mais, -is (ra.). 
 Esk, the, Esca, •» (/.). 
 Eskdale, Escia, -m (/). 
 Eskihissar, Stratonicea, -as (/.); Laodlcfia, 
 
 •ai (/•). 
 Espartel, Cape, Ampelusia. -sb (/.). 
 Esquilia, Esquilia;, -arum (/.). 
 Esquiline (Mount), Esquilinus, -1 (m.), 
 
 Mods; of the Esquiline, Esquiline, Kb 
 
 quillnus, -a, -um, and (from EsquUia) 
 
 Esqullius, -a, -um. 
 Essedines, the, Et=8ed6neB, -um (m.) ; of 
 
 or relating to the Essedones, EsB^ddniue. 
 <i, -um. 
 Essini, the, Esseni, -orum («.). 
 Essenide, Xantbus, -1 (/.). 
 Essui, the Essui, -orum (ra.) 
 Esielle. Stella, -se (/.). 
 Esther, Esther, indecl- (/.) 
 
 E U U. 
 
 Estremadura, Extrema Durii or Ext 
 
 dura, -ttj (/.). 
 Esula, Esula, -ee (/.). 
 Eteocles, Eteocles, -is and -eos (m.) ; of c 
 relating to Eteocles, Eteocleus, -a, -Ul» 
 Ethelbald, Etbelbaldua, -i (ra). 
 Ethtlbert, Ethelbertus, -i (m.)- 
 Elhelfred, Etbelfredus, -i (ra.). 
 Etfielred, Etbelredus, -i (m.). 
 Ethclatan, EtbelslaiiUB, -i (m.). 
 Ethelwald, Ethelwaldus, -i (m.). 
 Eihelwold, Ethelwoldus, -i (ra.). 
 Ethiopia, ^Ethiopia, -sb (/.) ; uf or relating 
 to Ethiopia, Ethiopian, i£.thidpiua, -a, 
 •um, and ^tbiops, -dpia; the EtAiopi 
 ans, iEthidpes, -um (m.). 
 Ethopia, Etbopia, -ee j. 
 Etovissa, Etovissa, ot _/.). 
 Etruria, Etruria, -ee (f.); Tynuenia. •», 
 and 'I\i8cia, -tB (/.) ; of or belonging I* 
 Etruria, Etrurian, Etruscus, -a, -um ; 
 Tyrrhenlcus, -a, -um ; Tyrrhfenufl, -•, 
 ■um ; 'I'uscus, -a, -um ; Tuscanus, -«, 
 -um ; and Tuscanicus, -a, -um ; tht 
 Etrurians, Etrusci, -orum ; Tuscl, 
 -orum ; and Tyrrbeni, -orum im.). 
 En, Auga, -IP (/.) ; Augium, -ii (n.). 
 Eubius, Eubius, ii (ra.). 
 Eubaa, EuboeH, -a; (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Eubaea, EubiLan, Eubceus, -a, -ob, 
 and Kuboicus, -a, -um ; pccul. fern., £•■ 
 bois, -idis. 
 Eubulides, Eubulides, -a (».). 
 Enbulus, EubQlus, -i (ra.). 
 Eucheria, Eucberia, -sb (/.). 
 Eucherius, Eucberius, -ii (■».). 
 Euclid, Euclides, -aj (ra.). 
 Euclus, Euctu:-, -i (ra.). 
 Eudamun, Euda-'mon, -dnia (a.). 
 Eudamus, Kudamus, -i (ro.). 
 Eudemuf, Eudemus, -i (m.). 
 Eudorus, Eudorus, -i (ra.). 
 Eudoses, the, Eudoses, -um (ro.). 
 j Eudoxia, Eudoxia, -m (/.). 
 Eudoxhs. Eudoxus, -i («.). 
 Eufemia, Gulf of, VibonensiB Sinoa. 
 
 Eugene. ? ., 
 
 ;eDiuB, -ii (a 
 
 Eugenius, 
 
 Eugenium, Eucenium, -ii (».). 
 Euliemervs. Kubemerus -i (m.), 
 Euhydrium, Eubydrium, -ii (».). 
 Eumedes, Eumedes, -is (ra.). 
 Eumelus, Eumelus, i (m.). 
 Eumenes, Eumenes, -is (m.) ; of or 
 
 ing to Eumenes, EumenSdcus, -a, -oat 
 Eumenia, Eumenia, -» (/.). 
 Eumenides, the, Eumenides, -um (/.), t 
 
 Fury, in 1st part. 
 Eumolpus, Eumolpus, -i (ra.) ; son or d» 
 
 scendant of Eumolpus, EumolpTdes, ■ 
 
 (ro.) ; tlie descendants of EnmolphS, tit 
 
 Eumolpidte (a priestty family), Eumot 
 
 pida;, -arum (m.). 
 Eumolus, Eum&lus, -i (ra.). 
 Eunice, Eunice, es (/.). 
 Eunomus. Eunomus, -i (at.). 
 Eunus, Eunus, -i (to.). 
 Euodia, Euodia, -m (/.). 
 Evpalium, Eupalium, ii (n.), and Eapa 
 
 lia, ■» (/.). 
 Eupator, Eupator, -Sris (ra.). 
 Eupkemia, Euphemia, -8b, or Eupbime, 
 
 •es (/.). 
 Euphorbus, Euphorbus, -i (m.). 
 Enphorion, Eupborion, -onis (ra.). 
 Euphranor, Euphranor, -iris (ra.). 
 Euphrates, the, Euphrates, -is, ace. -em ana 
 
 -ca (ra.) ; of or relating to the Euphrates, 
 
 Eupbratsus, -a, -um ; pecul.fem. in lau 
 
 poet., Euphratis, -idis. 
 Euphronius, Eupiironius, -ii (ra-). 
 Euphrosyne, Eupbrfisyne, -es, and En 
 
 phrdsyna, •»» (/.). 
 Eupolemus, Eup61emu8. : ,w.). 
 Eupolis, Eupblis, -idis v'*-)- 
 Eurt, the., Audura, -ee (/.). 
 Euripides, Euripides, -is (ra.) ; oforreJat- 
 
 ing to Euripides, Euripidean, £llripld 
 
 §U8, -a, -um. 
 Euripus, EurlpuB, -1 (ra.). 
 Euromus, Euromus, -i (/.) : of or belong- 
 ing to Euromus, Euromensis, -e 
 Europa, EurOpa. -se. and Europfi, -eg (/.y, 
 
 of or belonging to Europa. Enropsiu, 
 
 ■a, -um. 
 Europe, EnrOpa, -SB, and Europe, -es (/.) , 
 
 of or relating to Europe. European, EW 
 
 ropeeus, a, -um, and EuropeuslK, -• 
 
 (laU).
 
 r A I 
 
 Sytro/iut, Kurdpus, 1 («.) 
 EuTiitas, ike, Eurotaa, -m (i«.). 
 Euryale, Euryale, -as (/.). 
 Euryalus, Euryalus, -i (m.). 
 Buryanassa, Euryanassa, •» (/.). 
 EiirybaiKs, Eurybates, -is (ja.). 
 Eurybiddes, Eurybiades, -is (m.). 
 Euryclea, Euryclea, -ae (/.). 
 Eurydamas, Eurjdamas, -antis (w.). 
 Eurydice, Eurydice, -es, and Eurydica, -» 
 
 (/■)■ 
 Eurylochus, Eurylochus, -i (m.). 
 Eurymachus, Eurymachus, -i ("••)• 
 EuTymedon, Eurymedon, -ontis (m.). 
 Burymus, Eurymus, -i (m.) ; son of Eury- 
 
 mils, Eurymides, -sb (m.). 
 Eurynome, Euryoome, -es (/.). 
 Euryone, Euryone, -es (/.). 
 Eurypylus, Eurypylus, -i (m.) ; oj Euryp- 
 
 ylus, Eurypylis, -idis (fem. adj.). 
 Eurysthenes, Eurysthenes, -is cm.). 
 Euryslkeus, Eurystheus, -Sos nr -ei (m.) , 
 of or relating to Eurystheus, Eurystheus, 
 •a, -um. 
 Eurytion, Eurytion, -finis (fn.). 
 Eurylus, Eurytus, -i (?».); daughter of 
 
 Eurytus, Eurytis, -idis (/.). 
 Eutebius, Eusebius, -ii {»«.) ; of or relou- 
 
 ing to Eusebius, Euaobianua, -a, -um. 
 Eustace, Eustactiius, -ii (?«.). 
 Eustathius, Eustatbius, -ii (m.). 
 Euterpe, Euterpe, -es (/.). 
 Euthycrates, Euthycrates, -is (m.). 
 Entrapelus, EutrapSlus, -i (»».). 
 Eutropius, Eutropius, -ii (»».). 
 Eutyches, Eutyches, -is (m.). 
 Eutychides, Eutychides, -bb (m.). 
 Butychis, Eutycliis, -Idis (/.). 
 Eutyehius, Eutychius, -ii (w».). 
 Buxine, the (Sea), Euxinus, -i (m.), Pon- 
 tU8, and Euxinum, -i (re.), Mare ; Buz- 
 ine {as adj.), Euxinus, -a, -um 
 Eva, v. Eve. 
 
 Roadne, Evadne, -es (/.). 
 Boagoras, EvagSras, -sb (»».). 
 Evagrus, Evagrus, -i (/«.). 
 Evan, Evan, -anris (m.). 
 Evander, Evander, -dri, and Evandrus, -I 
 (i».) ; of or relating to Evander, Evan- 
 drius, -a, -um. 
 Bttmthia, Evanthia, -a (/.)■ 
 Evanthius, Evantliius, -ii (m.). 
 Eve, Eva, -88 (/.). 
 Evenor, Evenor, -oris («».). 
 Evenus, the, Evenus, -i (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Evenus, Evenlnus, -a, -um. 
 Everard, Everardus, -i (m.). 
 Bvora, Ebora, ee (/.). 
 Evreux, Eborica, .88 (/.) ; EbroIcsB, -arum 
 
 (/.) ; qf Evreux, Ebroicensis, -e. 
 Ex, the, Isca, -» (/.). 
 Bzadius, Exadius, -ii (m.). 
 Ezcisum, Excisum, -i (n.). 
 Exeter, Isca Damnoniorom , Exonia, •» 
 
 (/•) ; "/ Exeter, Exoniensis, -«. 
 Tl^q[u,ili<t, V. Esguilia. 
 
 KSiE-^^'^Was, -«(«..). 
 
 Eiechiel, Ezfichiel, -filis (m.). 
 Ezra, Ezra, -«, or Esdras, -« («•.). 
 
 P. 
 
 Fabaris, the, Fabaris, -is («.). 
 F(^atus, Fabatus, -i (m.). 
 Fdberius, Faberius, -ii (nt.) ; of or reltuing 
 to Faberius, Faberianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Faiius, FSbius, -ii (m.) ; of Fabius, Fabi 
 an, Fabius, -a, -um, and Fabianus, -a, 
 -um ; the Fabii, Fabii, -orum (m.). 
 
 FMrateria, Fabrateria, -ffl (/.) , of or re- 
 lating to Fabrateria, Fabratemus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Fabricius, Fabricius, -11 (»».) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Fabricius, Fabrician, Fabricius, 
 •a, um, and Fabricianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Fabulla, Fabulla, -m (/.). 
 
 Fabnllus, FabuUus, -i (m.). 
 
 Fadia, Fadia, -ee (/.). 
 
 Fadiut, Fadius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Faenza, Faventia, -m (/.), q. ▼. 
 
 FasuUe, FsesiileB, -arum, and FeesiUa, -as 
 (/.) ; of or belonging to F*tuUt, F«su- 
 lanus, -a, -um. 
 
 tagvtal, Fagutal, -Slis (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to the Fagutal, Fagutalis, -e. 
 
 Fair/ord, Pulcnruni Vadum, -1 (»-). 
 724 
 
 iT L A 
 
 Faith, Fides, -el (/.). 
 
 Falcidiut, Falcidius, -ii (m.) ; #/ Fcuctdiut, 
 Falcidius, -a, -um, and Falcidianus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Falerii, Falerii, -orum (m.) ; of Falerii, 
 Faierian, Faliscus, -a, -um ; Faleriensis, 
 •e ; and Falerionensis, -e. 
 Falernian, Falermis, -a, -um; the Faler- 
 nian wine, vinum Falemum; the Faler- 
 nian district, Falemus ager. 
 Falmouth, Voliba, -sb (/.) ; Cenionis Os- 
 
 tia, -orum (n.). 
 Famieh, Apamea, -as (/.), Syrise. 
 Fannius, Fannius, -ii (ro.) ; of Fanning, 
 Fannius, -a, -um, and Fanaianus, -a, -um. 
 Farfa, > the, FarfaruB, -i, or Fabaris, -ii 
 Farfarus, J (»».). 
 Farnham, Vindomum, -1 (n.). 
 Faro di Messina, Siculum Fretum (n.). 
 Farsa, Pliarsalus, -i (/.). 
 Faunas, Faunus, -i (ro.) ; of or relating to 
 Faunus, Faunius, -a, -um ; son or de- 
 scendant of Faunus, Faunigena, -89 (».). 
 Fausta, Fausta, -sb (/.). 
 Pausticnus, Fausti&nus, -1 (m.). 
 Faustina, Faustina, -bb (/.). 
 Faustinus, Faustinus, -i (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Faustinus, Faustlnianus, -a, -um. 
 Faustulus, Faustulus, -i (m.). 
 Faustus, Faustus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Faustus, Faustianus, -a, -um. 
 Faventia, Faventia, -» (/.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Faventia, Faventinua, -a, -nm. 
 Faveria, Faveria, -» (f.). 
 Favonius, Favonius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Favonius, Favonianos, -a, -nm. 
 Favorinus, Favorinus, -i (».). 
 FayaL, Insula FagSlis. 
 Felicia, Felicia, -m (/) 
 Felicitas, Felicitas, -atig (/.) 
 Felix, Felix, -ids (m.). 
 Felsina, Felsina, -ee (/.). 
 Fenestella, Fenestella, -8b (im.), • wutn'i 
 
 name. — 2. (/.) a gate of Rome. 
 Ferdinand, Ferdinandus, -i (m.). 
 Ferentina, Ferentina, -88 (/.). 
 Ferentinum, Ferentinuns, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Ferentinum, Ferentmeneis, 
 -e; the inhabitants of Fereatinuwt, Fe- 
 rentinates, -um or -ium (m.), and Fe- 
 rentini, -orum (n>.). 
 Fermo, Firmxmi, -i (».), q. t. 
 Feronia, Feronia, -te (/.). 
 Ferrara, Ferrara, -88 (/.) ; of Ferrara, Fer- 
 
 rariensis, -e. 
 Fescennia, Fescennia, -«b (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Fescennia, Fescenntanu, -a, 
 -um. 
 Festus, Festus, -i (m.). 
 Fez, Fessa, •» (/.) ; the kingdom of Fet, 
 
 Fessauum Regniuu. 
 Fezzan, Pliazania, -ea (/.) ; the inhabitants 
 
 of Fezzan, Pbazanii, -orum (n».). 
 Fibrenus, the, Fibrenus, -i (m.). 
 Ficulnea, Ficulnea or Ficulea, -sb (/.) ; of 
 or belonging to F'ieuhiea, Ficulensis, -e, 
 and Ficulnensis, -e ; the inhabitants of 
 Ficulnea, Ficuleates and Ficuleuses, 
 -ium (m.). 
 Fidari, Vu, Evenus, -i (m.). 
 Fidejia, Fidena, -as, a7id Fidfinea, -arum 
 (/•) ; of or belonging to Fidena, Fidd- 
 nas, -atis. 
 Fidentia, Fidentia, -ee (/.) ; of Fidentia, 
 
 Fidentlnus, -a, -um. 
 Fidius, Fidius, ii (m.). 
 Fiesole, Fajsulas, -arum (/.). 
 Figulus, Figrtilus, -i (m.). 
 Filibe, Philipp6p61is, -la (/.). 
 Fimbria, Fimbria, -» (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Fimbria, Fimbrianus, -a, -um. 
 Finisterre, Cape, Artabrum, -i (n.), Pro- 
 
 montorium. 
 Finland, Finnonia, -bb (/.) ; Flnnia, -sb 
 (/•) ; of Finland, Finnish, Finnicus, -a, 
 -um; the Finns. Fenni, -orum (».). 
 Firmicus, Firmicus, -i (m.). 
 Firmius, Firmius, -ii (»».) ; of or relating 
 
 to Firmius, Firmianus, -a, -um. 
 Firmum, Firmum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Firmum, Firmanus, -a, -um. 
 Flaccus, Flaccus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Flaccus, Flaccianus, -a, -um. 
 Flamen, Flamen, -inis (to.). 
 Flaminia, Flaminia, -sb (/.). 
 Flamininus, FlaminJnus, -i (m.). 
 Flaminius, Flaminius, -ii (to.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Flaminius, Flaminius, -a, -um. 
 Flanates, the, Flanates, -um (m.) ; of or re- 
 
 F RE 
 
 lating to the Flanates, FlanaQcua, •• 
 
 -um. 
 Flanders, Flandria, -88 (/.) , of Flandert 
 
 Flemish, Flandricus, -a, -um. 
 Flavia, Flavia, -» (/.). 
 
 Flavina, Flavina, -bb (/.) ; of Flavina, Fl» 
 
 vinian, Flavinius, -a, -um. 
 Flavinus, Flavinus, -i (m.^. 
 Flaviopolis, Flaviopolis, -is (/.) , of or r& 
 lating to Flaviopolis, Flaviop6Iitanag, 
 -a, -um. 
 Flavins, Flavins, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Flavius, Flavian, Flavius, -a, -um, 
 and Flavianus, -a, -um. 
 Flensburg. Flenopolis, -is (/.) ; Flenabur- 
 
 gia, 88 (/.). 
 Fleury, Floriacum, -1 (n.). 
 Flevo, Flevo, -onis (m.). 
 Flevum, Flevum, -1 (n.). 
 Flora, Flora, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging t» 
 
 Flora, FlorSlis, -e. 
 Florens, Florens, -entis (m.). 
 Florence, Florentia, -bb (/.), a city ; of or 
 belonging to Florence, Florentine, Flo- 
 rentlnus, -a, -um, and Florentius, -a, -um 
 — 2. a female name. 
 Florentinus, FIorentinuB, i (m.)- 
 Florentius, Florentius, -ii (».). 
 Florian, Florianus, -i (to.). 
 Florida, Florida, -bb (/.) ; of Florida, Flo 
 
 ridensis, -e. 
 Floronia, FlorSnia, -bb (/.). 
 Florus, Fldrus, -i (to.). 
 Flushing, Flessinga, -as (/.). 
 Fochia, PhocBsa, -bb (/.). 
 Folia, Folia, -sb (/.). 
 Fondi, Fundi, -orum (ra.). 
 Fontainebleau, Fons Bellaqoeiu («.) ; Bel- 
 
 lofoutanum, -i (n.). 
 Fontaines, Pontes, -ium (m.). 
 Fonteia, Fonteia, -bb (/.). 
 Fonteius, Fonteius, -ii (m.); of or relating 
 to Fonteius, Fonteius, -a, -um, and Fon- 
 teianus, -a, -um. 
 FonteneUas, Fontanella, -m (/.). 
 Foqui, Fochium, -Ii («.). 
 Forentum, ? F6rentum, -1 (n.) ; of or b*' 
 Forenza, J longing to Fortntum, Fo- 
 
 rent&nus, -a, -um. 
 Formite, Formise, -arum (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Formiee, Formitnus, -a, -um 
 Formianus, Formianus, -i («».). 
 Formosa, Formosa, -sb (f). 
 Forth (the Frith of), Bodotriaa .fistuari 
 
 um. 
 Fortore, the, Frento, -onls (•.). 
 Fortuna, Fortflna, -ae (/.). 
 Fortunate Islands, Fortunatas buvla 
 
 -arum (/.). 
 Fortunatus, Fortunatus, -1 («.). 
 Foruli, Foruli, -orum (to.) ; (jf or bdong^ 
 
 ing to Foruli, Forulanus, -a, -um. 
 Fosi, the, Fosi, -orum (to.). 
 Fossa, Fossa, -sb (/.). 
 Fossano, Fossanum, -i (n.). 
 Fossius, Fossius, -ii (m.). 
 Foisombrone, Forum Sempronii («.). 
 Fox Island, Alopeconnesus, -1 (/.). 
 France, Gallia, -sb (/.), in class. Lot. 
 Fraocia, -sb (/.), in very late Lot. ; tXt 
 inhabitants of Fraiice, the French, Galll, 
 •orum (ra.) ; in late Lat., Franci, -orum 
 (to.) ; French, of or belonging to France, 
 Gallicus, -a, -um, and GaUicanus, -a. 
 -um ; in late Lat., Francus, -a, -am, ema 
 Francicus, -a, -um. 
 Frances, Francesca, -m (/.). 
 Francis, Franciscus, -i (to.). 
 Franconia, Franconia, -bb (/.). 
 Frango, Frango, -onis (to.). 
 Frankfort, Francofurtum, -i («.). 
 Frascati, Tusculum, -i (n.). 
 Frederic, Friderlcus, -i (m.). 
 Fredericksburg, Fridericoburgnm, -1 (».). 
 Fredericktovm, Fridericopdlis, -Is (/.). 
 FregeUtt, FrfigellsB, -anmi (/.) ; of or h& 
 longing to Fregella, Fregelltous, -a. 
 -um. 
 Frejus, Forum Julil (n.) ; ef Ftgue, Fo 
 
 rojuliensis, -e. 
 Frentani, the, Frentanl, -orum (m.) ; of or 
 concerning the Frentani, Frantaniu, -a 
 -nm. 
 Frento, the, Frento, -onia («».). 
 Fresilia, Fresilla, -sb (/.). 
 Freyberg, Freyberga, -ea (/). 
 Freyburg, Freybnrgum, -1 («.)
 
 O AL 
 
 rnuland, Frisia, -» (/.) ; Eatt Fricaland, 
 Frisia Orientalis ; Wut Frialand, Fris- 
 ia Occidenlalis. 
 
 Pritii, the, Frisii, -orum (m.) ; of the Frit- 
 ii, Frisian, Frieidnus, -a, -urn. 
 
 Frontiiius, Frontinus, -i (m.). 
 
 Fronto, Froiito, -onis (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Fronto, Frontonianus, -a, -uno. 
 
 Frurino, < Frusiuo, onis (/.) ; of or re- 
 
 Frusino/ie, j iaiing to Frusino, Frusi- 
 Das, -atis (odj.). 
 
 Fkcijius {Lake), Fucinus, -i (m.), Lacua. 
 
 Fiiego (Tiara del), insula Ignis or igni- 
 um. 
 
 F'lffetiiig, FuffetiuB, -ii (m.). 
 
 Fujidius, Fufiiiius, -ii (m); of or relating 
 10 Fufidius, Fufidiauus, a, -um. 
 
 Fujiut, Fufius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Fafius, Fufius, -a, -um. 
 
 Fulciniiis, Fulcinius, ii (m.). 
 
 Fuld, Fulda, -a; (/.) ; of Fuld, Fnlden- 
 sis, -e. 
 
 FulfuUt, Fulfalffi, -arum (/.). 
 
 Fulgentius, Fulgentius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Fu^inia, Fulginia, -sB (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Fulginia, Fulginas, -atis (adj.). 
 
 Fuligno, Fulginium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Fulk, Fulco, -onia (m.). 
 
 Pidvia, Fulvia, -m (/.). 
 
 Fulviua, Fulvius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Futcius, Fulvianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Fitndanius, Fundanius, -ii (m.) , of or 
 concerning Fundaniiu, Fundanianus, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Fundi, Fundi, orum (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Fundi, Fundanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Funen, Fionia, -m (/.). 
 
 Furina, Furiua, -as {/.) ; of or relating to 
 Farina, Furinalis, -e. 
 
 Furius, Furius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Fumitts, Furnius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Futcinus, Fuscinus, -i (n».). 
 
 Fuscus, Fuscus, -i (m.) 
 FusiM, Fusius, -ii (m.). 
 
 G. 
 
 Saba, Gaba, -le, and Gabe, -es (/.). 
 Oabala, Gabala, --ea, and Gabale, -es (/.). 
 Qab&li, the, GabalL, -orum (m.) ; of or re- 
 
 laling to the Oabali, Gabalicos, -a, -um, 
 
 and late Gabalitanus. -a, -um. 
 Qabaon, Gabaon, indecl. (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing 10 Gabaon, Gabaonlticus, -a, 
 
 -am ; an inhabitant of Gaboon, Gabao- 
 
 nites, -a- (m.). 
 Oabba, Gabba, aj (m.). 
 0«beUus, the, Gabellus, -i (»i.). 
 Qabienus, Gabienus, -i (m.). 
 Qabii, Gabii, -orum (to.) ; of Gabii, Qa- 
 
 biiie, Gabinus. -a, -um ; Gabinianus, -a, 
 
 •um ; and Gabiensis, e. 
 Oabiiiia, Gabinia, a (/.). 
 Oabi7iius, Gabinius, -ii (m.). 
 QairrieL, Gabriel, indecl., and Gabriel, 
 
 ■elis (m.). 
 Oadara, Gadara, -orum (n.). 
 Qades, Gades, ium (/.) ; of Gades, Gadi- 
 
 tanus, a, um. 
 Gaeta. Caieta, ae (/.), q. v, 
 OaliUia, Gstulia, -m (/.) : of Gaiulia, G<t- 
 
 tulian. Otetiilicus. -a, -um, and Gastulus, 
 
 ■a, -um. 
 Qaius, Gains, -ii (m.;. 
 
 Galanthis, Galanthis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Galata, the, Galata), -arum (m.). 
 
 r-iatea, Galatea, -s (/. ). 
 
 atia, Galatia, -as (/.) ; GallogrffiCla, -86 
 (/.) ; of or belonging to Galatia, Gala- 
 tiar, Gal&ticus, -a, -um ; the Galatiana, 
 Galataj, -arum {m.) ; Gallogrseci, -orum 
 
 0aU>a, Galba. -bb (nt.) ; of or relating to 
 Galba, Galbianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Valen, Galenus, -i (m.). 
 
 6alepsus, Galepsu.a, -i (/.). 
 
 Qaleria, Galeria, -a) (/.). 
 
 Balerius, Galerius, -ii (m.) ; of Qaleriut, 
 Galerian, Galerius, -a, -um. 
 
 Oalesus, v. Galasus. 
 
 Qalicia, Gallaicia, -se (/.) ; Galician, Gal- 
 laecue, -a, um . Gallaicus. -a, um. 
 
 Oalilee, GalUrea, aj (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Galilee, Galileeus, -a, -um ; Sea of 
 Galilee, Gennesaras, -ea (m.). Lacus, or 
 Tiberiadis Lacus ; ▼. also Gennesareth. 
 
 ftaUa. Galla, -m ( f > 
 
 'i E R 
 
 Gallia, t. Gaul. 
 
 Galliena, Galliena, -s (/.). 
 
 Gallienua, Gallieuus, -i (fn.). 
 
 Gallina, Galllna, -m (m.). 
 
 Gallio, Gallio, -onis (m.). 
 
 Gallipoli, Callipolis, -is (/.). 
 
 Galliua, GaUius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Gallon ius, Gallonius, ii (m.). 
 
 Gallus, Gallus, -i (m.). 
 
 Galway, Galliva, -tu (/.). 
 
 Gamaliel, Gamaliel, indecl., and Gamaliel, 
 -elis (m.). 
 
 Ganges, the, Ganges, -is and ■« (m.) ; of 
 or relating to the Ganges, Gangeticus, 
 -a, -um ; pecul.fem., Gangetis, -idis. 
 
 Ganymedes, Ganymedes, -is (m.) ; of Gany- 
 mede, Ganymedeus, -a, -um. 
 
 Gaps, Tacftpe, -es (/.). 
 
 Qaramanles, the, Garimantes, -um (».) ; 
 of or relating to the Garamante*. Gara- 
 manticus, a, -um ; pei^ul. fern., Gara- 
 mantis, -idis. 
 
 Oarda (Logo di), Benacua, -i (»n.), Lacns. 
 
 Garganns {Mount), Garganus, -i (».), 
 Mons ; o/ Garj^an !/«, Garganua, -a, -um. 
 
 Gargaphia, Gargaphia, -«j and -phie, -ea 
 
 Gargara, Gargara, -orum (n.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Gargara, Gargaricus, -a, -um. 
 Oargettus, Gargettus, -i (m.) ; of Garget- 
 
 tus, Gargruian, Gargettius, -a, -um. 
 Gargilius, Gargilius, -ii (m.) ; of GargUi- 
 
 us, Gargilianus, -a, -um. 
 Garigliano, the, Liris, -is (m.). 
 Garonne, the, Garumna, -w (m.); of or re- 
 lating to the Garonne, Garumnicus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Qascony, Vasconia, -ae (/.). 
 Gateshead, Gabrosentum, -i (n.). 
 Gath, Geth, indecl. (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Gath, Gethsus, -a, -um. 
 QarU, Gallia, -8b (/.) ; of Gaul, GaUie, Gal- 
 licus, -a, -um, and Gallicanos, -a, -um ; 
 the Gauls, Galli, -orum (m.). 
 Oaurus {Mount), Gaurus, -i (m.) ; of or 
 relating to Mount Gaurus, Gaurinus, 
 •a, -um. 
 Gaviu.% Gavius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Gavius, Gavianus, -a, -um. 
 Gaza, Gaza, -m (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Gaza, Gazanus, -a, um, and Gazaticns, 
 -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Gaza, Gaztei, 
 -orum ; Gazani, -orum ; and GazatiB, 
 -arum (m.). 
 Gedrosia, Gedrosia, -sb (/.) ; of or con- 
 cerning Gidrosia, Gedrosius, -a, -um. 
 Qeganius, Geg&nius, -ii (m.). 
 Geidmii, the, Geiduni, -orum (m.). 
 Gela, Gela, -as (/.), a city ; of Gela, Gela- 
 DXis, -a, -um, and Gelous, -a, -um; the 
 inhabitants of Gela, Gelenses, -ium (»».). 
 — 2. Gela or Gelas, -iB (m.), a river. 
 Gelduba, Gelduba, -aj (/.). 
 Gellia, Gallia, -m (/.). 
 Gelliui, Gellius, -ii (m.). 
 Gelon, Gelo, -onis (m.). 
 Geloiii, the, Geloni, orum (m.) ; of tke Ot- 
 
 loni, Gelonus. -a, um. 
 Gemella, Gemella, -sb (/.). 
 Geminius, Geminius, -ii (»».). 
 Geminus, Geminus, -i (m.). 
 Genahuni, (ienSbum, -i {7i.),and Gen&bus, 
 -i (/.); of or belonging to Genabum, 
 Genabensis, -e. 
 Genauni, the, Genauni, -orum, and Ge- 
 
 naunes, um (m.). 
 Genesius. Genesius, -ii (jn.). 
 Geneva, GenSva, -a; (/.) ; Augusta Allo- 
 brogum ; of or belonging to Geneva, 
 Genevensi-s, -e ; Lake of Geneva, Lacus 
 Lemanus. 
 Gennadius. Gennadius, -ii (in.). 
 Gennesareth. Gennesar and Gennesareth, 
 indecl. (/.); the inhabitants of Gtnnesa- 
 reth, Gennesareni, -orum (m.) ; Lake of 
 Gennesareth, Lacus Gennesar, indecL, 
 and Gennesaras, -» (m.), v. sub Galilee. 
 Genoa, v. Genua. 
 Gentia, Gentia, -aj (/.). 
 Gentius, Gentius, -ii (ra.). 
 Genua, > Genua, -le (/.) ; of or belonging 
 Genoa, J to Genua, Genuensis, -e, and 
 Genuas, -atis ; Gulf of Genoa, Sinus 
 Ligusticus. 
 Oenucius, Genucius, -ii (m.). 
 GenusHs, Genusus, -i {m.). 
 Georgia, Georgia, •» (/.■). 
 Georgius, Georgius, -ii (»».). 
 Gera, Gera, -m (/.). 
 
 G O H. 
 
 Qer^stus, Gerisstua, -i (/.). 
 Gerania, Gerania, -« (/.) 
 Gerard, Gerardus, -i (m.). 
 Gergenti, v. Girgenti. 
 Gergit/ius, Gergiihua, -i (J.). 
 Gergrivia, Gergovia, -» (/.). 
 Germaiut, Germalus, -i (m.). 
 Qermaiiieus, Germanicua, -1 'm.). 
 Germany, Germania, -as (/.); of or rtim 
 ing to Germany or the Germans, Ger 
 manicus, -a, -um, and Germanus, -» 
 •um ; the Germans, Germani. orum 
 Alemanni, -orum (m.). 
 Geranium, Geronium, -ii («.). 
 Gerontia, Gerontia, ai (/.). 
 Gerrha. Gerrba. -orum (n.). 
 Gertrude, Gertruda, -a; (/.). 
 Geryon, Geryon, -finis, and GerySnes, •■ 
 (m.) ; of or relating to Geryon, Gery 
 6neu8, -H, -um. 
 Oessoriacum, Gessoriicum, -i (n.) ; of or 
 belonging to Gessoriacum, Gessoriacu^ 
 -a, -um. 
 Oet<e, the, G6t», arum (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing 10 the Geta, Geticus, -a, -um ; anA 
 pecul. masc, Ggtes. -bb. In ting, usual 
 as name of a slave. Geta. -m (m.) 
 Geth, V. Gath. 
 Oetone, Getone, -es (/.). 
 Ghent, Ganda, -m (/.), and Gandavum, -I 
 
 <7j.) ; of Ghent, Geiidavensis, -e. 
 Gibraltar. Calpe, -es (/.) ; Strait of Gibrai 
 tar, Fretum Herculeum, or Gaditanum 
 Gideon, Gedeon, -onis (m.). 
 Gilbert, Gilbertus, -i (m.). 
 Gildo, Gildo, -onis {m.) ; of or relating (a 
 
 Gildo, Gildonicus, -a, -um. 
 Giles, iEgidius, -ii {m.). 
 Gillian, Juliana, -as (/.). 
 Girgenti, Agrigentum, -i (n.), q. v. 
 Gisgo, Gisgo, onis (m.). 
 Glabrto, Glabrio, -onis (m.). 
 Glamorganshire, Glamorgania, -m> (/.) 
 Glaphyrus, Glaphyrus, -i (m.). 
 Glasgow, Glascovium, -ii (.a.). 
 Glastonbury, Gla^tonia, -le (/.). 
 Glauce, Glauce, es (/.). 
 Glaucia, Glaucia, ■» (m.). 
 Glaucio, Glaucio, -onis {m.). 
 Glaucippus. (ilaucippuB, -i (*•.) 
 Glaucus, Glaucus, -i (m.). 
 Globulus, Globulus, -i (m.). 
 Glogan, Glogavia, -aj (/.). 
 Gloucester. Glocestria, -as (/.). 
 Glycera, Glycera, -sb (/.). 
 Glycerium, Glycerium, -ii (/.). 
 GU/cerius, Glycerins, -ii (>».). 
 Glycon, Glycon, onis (w.) ; of ur relating 
 
 to Glycon, Glyconius, -a, -um. 
 Qnatho, Gnatho, -onis (m.). 
 Gnaiia, v. Egnatia. 
 Gradus, V. Cnidus. 
 Gnipho, Gnipho, -onis (m.) 
 Gnosus, V. Cnisus. 
 Godard, Godardus. -i (m.). 
 Godesherg. Ara Ubiorum. 
 Godfrey, Gothofredus, -i, and Godtridn* 
 
 -i (m.). 
 Godwin, Godwinus, -i (m.). 
 Golgi, Golgi, -orum {m.). 
 Golgotha, Golgotha, indecl. (m.). 
 Golconda, Golconda, -86 (/.) ; Dachinaba- 
 
 des, is (/.). 
 Goliath, GoUath, indecL, and Gfilias, • 
 
 (m.). 
 Gomurrka, Gomorrha, -sb (/.) ; Gomor 
 rhum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging to Go- 
 morrha. GomorrhsBus, -a. -um. 
 Gomphi, Gomphi. -orum (m.) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Gomphi, Gomphenses, -ium (m.). 
 Gonni, Gonni, -orum (m.), and Gonnns,-! 
 
 Good Hope {Cape of), Promontonum Bo- 
 na; Spei. 
 
 Gophnitica. Gophnitica, -« (/.). 
 
 Gordian, Gordianus, -i (m.). 
 
 Gordinm, Gordium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Gordiuf, Gordius. -ii (m.). 
 
 Gordnni, the, Gorduni, -orum («.)• 
 
 Gorge, Gorge, -es (/.). 
 
 Gorgias, Gorgias, a; (»7i,). 
 
 Gorgon, a, Gorgon or Gorgo, -Cnis (/,) ; 
 the Gorgons, Gorgones, -um ; of or re- 
 lating to the Gorgons, Gorgdneus, -a, 
 
 •UDl. 
 
 Qorgonius, Gorgonivis, -ii (m.). 
 Qorlitz, Gorlitium, -ii (n.). 
 Gortyn, Gortys or Gortyn, -ynis, and Gor 
 tyra, ■» (/.) : Gortyne, -es (/.) ; of Go*
 
 SAB 
 
 lyn, Qortyntan, Qortyuiaciu, -i, -am, 
 and Gortynius, -a, -urn ; pecul. fern., Oor- 
 tyuis, -idis. 
 
 Botha, Gotha, -bb (/.) ; of Qotha, Gotba- 
 nna, -a, -urn. 
 
 Qoths, the, Gothi, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Got/is, Got/lie, GothicuB, 
 •a, -am ; the country of the Qoths, Goth- 
 land, Gothia, -SB (/.). 
 
 Qbttingeii, Gottinga, -m (/.). 
 
 Qozo, Gaulos, -i (/.). 
 
 Qracchus, Gracchus, -i (m.) ; the Gracchi, 
 Gracchi, -orum (m.) ; of or relating to 
 the Gracchi, Gracchanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Grace, Gratia, -a; (/.) ; the Graces, Gratis, 
 ■arum, and Charites, -um (/.). 
 
 GriEciiius, Graicinus, i (m.). 
 
 Qramont, Grandimontium, -ii {n.). 
 
 Grampian {Hills), Grampius, -ii (m.), Mons. 
 
 Granada. Granata, -aj (/.) ; of Granada, 
 Granatensis, -e. 
 
 Graudio, Grandio, -onis (to.). 
 
 Grane, Grane, -es (/.). 
 
 Granicus, the, Granicus, -i (m.). 
 
 GraniiLs, the, Granius, -ii (nt.). 
 
 Qranta, the, v. Cam. 
 
 Gratian, Gratianus, -i (to.). 
 ratianopolis, Gratianopolia, -ia (/.) ; of 
 or hdongiiig to Gratianopolis, Gratian- 
 opolitanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Graiidiantis, Gratidianus, -i (i».). 
 
 Oratidius, Gratidius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Gratius, Gratius, -ii (m.) ; of or reUuing 
 to Gratius, Gratianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Qratus, Gratus, -i (to.). 
 
 Qravesend, Gravescenda, -8B (/.). 
 
 Gravisca, Graviscee, -arum, and less usual, 
 Gravisca, -m (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 GravisC(E, Graviscanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Greece, Graicia, -a^ (/.) ; Hellas, -adis (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Greece, Greek, Gre- 
 cian, Graicus, -a, -um ; later or le^s 
 usual, Gra^canicua, -a, -um ; Graius, -a, 
 nm ; Grsciensis, -e : and Helladicus, 
 -a, -um ; the Greeks, Hellenes, -um, and 
 Grteci, -orum (?«.). 
 
 Greetitoich, Gronaicum, -I, and Grenori- 
 cum, -i (71.). 
 
 Gregorian, Gregorianus, -i (to.). 
 
 Gregory, Gregorius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat. 
 ing to Gregory, Gregorian, Gregoria- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Greifswald, Gryphiswalda, -m (/.). 
 
 Grenoble, Gratianopolis, -is (/.). 
 
 Orijith, Griffithius, -ii (?a.). 
 
 Grinnes, Grinnes, -ium (/.). 
 
 GrSningen, Groninga, -ee (/.). 
 
 Grosphus, Grosphus, -i (m.). 
 
 Qrudii, the. Grudii, -orum (m.). 
 
 6riimeiuum, Gnimentum, -1 (?i.) ; of or be- 
 longirig to Grumentum, Grumentinen- 
 sis, -e. 
 
 Grnnium, Grunium, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Oryllus, Gryllus, -i (to.). 
 
 Grxjnia, Grynia, -ee (/.) ; Grynium, -ii (n.) ; 
 of Grynia, Grynean, Gryneus, -a, -um. 
 
 Chiadalqiiivir, the, Bajtis, -is (m.). 
 
 Guadalviar, the, Durias, -m, and Turia, -as 
 (?».). 
 
 Gnadiana, the. Anas, -m (m.). 
 
 Ouardafui, Cape, Aromata (n.), Promon- 
 torium. 
 
 Cubbio, Eugubium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Ouienne, Aquitania, -bb (/.), q. v. 
 
 Guilford, Gilfordia, -sB (/.). 
 
 Guinea, Guinea, -is (/.). 
 
 Oulussa, Gulussa, -sb (b».). 
 
 Gutia, Gutta, -8b (to.). 
 
 Guy, Guido, -onis (m.). 
 
 Gyarus, Gyarus or Gyaros, -1 (/.). 
 
 Gyas, Gyas or Gyes, -8b (to.). 
 
 Gyges, Gyges, -ss (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Oyges, Gygajus, -a, -um. 
 
 Oylippus. Gylippus, -i (m.). 
 
 Ciymnesij,. tlie, Gymnesias, -arum (/.), in- 
 BulaB ; an inhabitant of the Gymnesitt, 
 Gymnes, -etis (to.). 
 
 Qyndes, the, Gyndes, -ee (m.). 
 
 Qyrton, Gyrton, -onis, and Gyrtona, -sb (/). 
 
 Oythium, Gytheum or Gythium, -ii (n.) ; 
 of or belonging to Gythium, Gytheates, 
 -8B (to.). 
 
 Qythius, the, Gythius, -ii (m.). 
 
 H. 
 
 SaarUtm, v. Harlem. 
 
 Babakuk, Habacuc or Abacuc, indeel. (wj. 
 Uabeburg, Habsbiirga, -ee (/.). 
 T36 
 
 H fi B 
 
 Haddington, Hadina, -m (/.). 
 
 Hadersleben, Haderslebia, -88 (/.). 
 
 Hadria, Hadria, -bb (/.) ; of or relating to 
 Hadria, Hadriacus, a, -um j Hadrianus, 
 -a, -um ; atid Hadriaticus, -a, -um ; the 
 Hadriatic Sea, v. Adriatic. 
 
 Hadrian, Hadrianus, -i (to.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Hadrian, Hadrianus, -a, -um, and 
 HadrianaUs, -e. 
 
 Hadrumetum, v. Adriimetum. 
 
 Hamon, Haamon, -onis (ra.). 
 
 Hcemonia, Ha^monia, -sb (/.) ; of Hannonia, 
 Hsemonius, -a, -um. 
 
 Hcemus, Hiemus, -i (m.). 
 
 Hagar, Hagar, -aris (/.). 
 
 Hagna, Hagna, •<» (/.). 
 
 Hagnius, Hagnius, -ii (to.) ; son of Hag- 
 nius, Hagniades, -aa (m.). 
 
 Hague, Haga Comitum. 
 
 Haltesa, Hala^sa, -w (/.) ; of UaUtsa, Ha- 
 l(Esia7i, Halaisinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Halcesus, Hatesus, -i (to.). 
 
 Halcyone, v. Alcyone. 
 
 Hales, the. Hales, -etis (to.). 
 
 Haliacmon, the, Haliacmon, -finis (ra.) 
 
 Haliartus, Haliartus, -i (/.) , of Haliartus, 
 Haliartius, -a, um. 
 
 Halicarnassus, Halicamassus, -I (/,) ; of 
 or belonging to Halieamassiis. Halicar- 
 nasseus, a, -um, and Ualicamassen- 
 sis, e. 
 
 Halius, Halius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Halle, Hala, -sb (/.), or Hala Sax6num 
 
 Haimydesstis, Halmydeseus, -i (/.). 
 
 Halone, Halone, -es (/.). 
 
 Halonesus, Halonesus, -i (/.). 
 
 Haliis, Halus or Halos, -i (/.). 
 
 Halys, the, Halys, -yos (to.). 
 
 Ham, Hametum, -i (n.). — 2. (to.) t. Cham. 
 
 Hamadan, Ecbatana, -orum («.). 
 
 Hatnte, Hamas, -arum (/.). 
 
 Haman, Haman, indeel., and -anis (ra.). 
 
 Hamaxobii, the, Hamaxobii, -orum (m.). 
 
 Hamburg, Hamburgum, -i (n.) ; of Mam- 
 burg, Hamburgensis, -e. 
 
 Hamilcar, Hamilcar, -aris (m.). 
 
 Hampton, Hamptonia, -bb (/.) ; of Hamp- 
 ton, Hamptoniensis, -«. 
 
 Hampshire, Hanonia, -sb (/.) ; Hamptoni- 
 ensis Comitatus : iVete Hampshire, Nova 
 Hanonia. 
 
 Hamiali, Anna, -aj (/.). 
 
 Hannibal, Hannibal, -alia (ra.). 
 
 Hanno, Hanno, -onis (to.). 
 
 Hanover, Hanovera, -bb (/.) ; Hanoverian, 
 Hanoveranus, -a, -um. 
 
 Harfieur, Harflevium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Harlem, Harlemum, -i (n.). 
 
 Harman or Herman, Hermannus, -i (w.). 
 
 Harmodius, Harmodiua, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Harmonia, Harmonia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Harmonius, Harmfinius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Harold, Haroldus, -i (to.). 
 
 Harpagus, Harpagua, -i (m.). 
 
 Harpalus, Harpalua, -i (to.). 
 
 Harpalyee, Harpalyce, -es (/.). 
 
 Harpalycus, Harpalycus, -i (ra.) 
 
 Harpasus, the, Harpaaus, -1 (ra.) ; of the 
 Harpasiis, Harpaaides, -bb (ra.). 
 
 Harpax, Harpax, -acis (ra.). 
 
 Harpocrates, Harpocrates, -is (».). 
 
 Harpocration, Harpocration, -onia (m.). 
 
 Harpy, a, Harpyia, -bb (/.) ; usually in 
 plural, the Harpies, HarpyisB, -arum. 
 
 Hartford, Vadum Cervinum (n.) ; Har- 
 fordia, -bb (/.) ; of or 'elating to Hart- 
 ford, Harfordiensis, -e. 
 
 Harwich, Harvicum, -i (w.). 
 
 Harz Forest, Hercynia Silva 
 
 Hasdrubal, Hasdriibal, -alis (ra.). 
 
 Hastings, Hastingas, -arum (/.). 
 
 Hatford, Hatfordia, -» (/.). 
 
 Haterius, Hateriua, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Havana, Havanna, -bb (/.) ; Fannm St. 
 Christophori. 
 
 Havre, Havrea, -bb (/.). 
 
 Havre de Grace, Gratiee Portua ; Carscotl- 
 num, -i (re.). 
 
 Hehata. Hebata, -bb (/.). 
 
 Hebe, Hebe, -ea (/.). 
 
 Hebrews, the, Hebrsei, -orum (m.) ; of or 
 relating to the Hebrews, Hebrew, HebrsB- 
 us, -a, -um, and Hebraicua, -a, -um. 
 
 Hebrides, the, Ebudes, -um, or EbiidsB, 
 -arum (/.), Insula). 
 
 Hebron, Hebron, indeel. (ra.), a man's 
 name; sons or descendants of Hebron, 
 Hebronites, HebronitsB, -arum (m.). — 2. 
 (/.) a city. 
 
 H E U 
 
 Hebrut, the, Heorua, -i (to.). 
 
 Hecabe, Hecabe, -es (/.). 
 
 Hecale, Hecale, -es (/.). 
 
 Htcataus, Hecatieus, -i (m.). 
 
 Hecate, HecSte, -es (/.) ; of or relating M 
 Heeate, Hecatasus and Hecateius, -a. 
 -um ; pecul. fern., Hecateis, -idis. 
 
 Hecato, Hecato, -onis (to.). 
 
 Hecatompylos, Hecatompyloa, -i (/.). 
 
 Hector, Hector, -oris (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Hector, Hectorian, Hectoreus, -a, -um 
 
 Hecuba, Hecuba, -as, and Hecube, -ea ( f ' 
 
 Hecyra, Hecyra, -bb (/.). 
 
 Hedymeles, Hedymeles, -is (ra.). 
 
 Hegeas, Hegeas, -bb (to.). 
 
 Hegesias, Hegesiaa, -bb (to.). 
 
 Hegesilochus, Hegesilochus, -1 («•.). 
 
 Heidelberg, Heidelberga, -aa (/.) 
 
 Helen, Helena, -bb (/.). 
 
 Helena, Helena, -aa (/.). 
 
 Helenius, Uelenius, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Helenor, Helenor, -oris (to.). 
 
 Helenus, Helenus, -i (m.). 
 
 Helenius, Helernus, -i (m.). 
 
 Helicaon, Heljcaon, -onis (ra.) ; of Return 
 on, Helicaonius, -a, -um. 
 
 Helice, Helice, -es (/.). 
 
 Helico, Helico, -onis (m.). 
 
 Helicon, Helicon, -finis (m.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Helicon, Heliconius, -a, -um ; p» 
 cul. fern., Heliconis, -idis, aiid Helico 
 niaa, -adis ; in plural (of the Muses). 
 Heliconides and Heliconiadea, -um. 
 
 Heligoland, Insula Sancta (/.). 
 
 Helimus, Helimus, -i (to.). 
 
 HeliodoTVs, Heliodorus, -i (to.). 
 
 Heliogabalus, Heliogabalus, -i (ra.y 
 
 Heliopolis, Heliopolia, -is (/.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Heliopolis, Heliopolitanus, -a 
 •um ; pecul. maac. adj., Heliopolites, -bb 
 the inhabitants of Heliopolis, HeliopoU 
 tjB, -arum (m.). 
 
 Hellanice, Hellanice, -es (/.). 
 
 HeUanicus, Hellanicus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Hellas, Hellas, -adis (/.), v. Greece. 
 
 Helle, Helle, -es (/.). 
 
 Hellen, Hellen, -enis (to.). 
 
 Hellespont, Hellespontus, -i (ra.) ; of th4 
 Hellespont, Hellespontine, Hellespontia- 
 cus, -a, -um ; Hellesponticua, -a, -um ; 
 and Hellespontius, -a, -um. 
 
 Helltisii, the, Hellusii, -orum (to.). 
 
 Helmstadt, Helmstadiuni, -ii (7t.). 
 
 Helorus, v. Elorus. 
 
 Helos, Helos (re.) ; the inhabitants of Uelos. 
 V. sq. 
 
 Helots, the, Helotes, um. and Helots 
 -arum (m.). 
 
 Helva, Helva, -a) (m.) 
 
 Helvetii, the, Helvetii, orum (w.) ; of or re 
 lating to the Helvetii, Helvetius, a, -um. 
 
 Hclvidius, Helvidius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Helvti, the, Helvii, -orum (to.) ; of or reiaf 
 ing to me tteimi, aeivian, tielvicus, -a. 
 -um. 
 
 Helvius, Helvius, -ii (ra.) ; of or relating tj 
 Helvius, Helvianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Hemina, Hemina, -bb (to.). 
 
 Heneti, the, Heneti, -orum (to.) 
 
 Heniochi, the, Heniochi, -orum (to.) ; of or 
 relating to the Henioclii, Heniochius. -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Henrietta, Henrietta, -bb (/.). 
 
 Henry, Henricus, -i (to.). 
 
 Hephtestion, Hephsestion, -onis (to.). 
 
 Heraclea, Heraclea, -se (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Heraclea, Heraclean, HeracleeD- 
 sis, -e; Heracleue, -a, -um; and Hera 
 cleoticus, -a, -um ; pecul. masc. Hers- 
 cleotes, SB (to.). 
 
 Heracleum, Heracleiun, -i («.). 
 
 HeracUanus, Heraclianus, -i (to.) 
 
 Heraclides, Heraclides, -as (to.). 
 
 Heraclitus, Heraclitus, -i (to.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Heraclitus, HeracUteus, -a, -um 
 
 Heraclius, Heraclius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Heriea, Herwa, -se (/.). 
 
 Heraklitza, Heraclea (Thracia), -» (/.) 
 
 Herbert, Herbertus, -i (to.). 
 
 Herbita, Herblta, -bb (/.) ; of or relating 
 to Herbita, Herbitensia, -e. 
 
 Hercatcs. the, Hercates, -um (m.). 
 
 Hercolano, J Herculanum, -i ; Hercula- 
 
 Herculdneum, y neum, -i, or -nium, -ii (re.), 
 of or belonging to Herculaiievn, Hercn 
 lanean, HerculSnensis, -e ; Herculanc- 
 xxs and -lanus. -a, -um ; and late Hercu 
 leinus, a, -um. 
 
 Hercules, Hercules, -is (ra.) ; of or reiving
 
 H 1 U 
 
 M Hercules, Uerculear^ Herculeos, -a, ' 
 •um ; Herculanus or -lancus, -a. -um ; 
 and Heracleua, a, -um : aon or discend- 
 ant of Hercules, Heraclidea, -aj (m.). 
 
 Uercynian. Hercynius, -a, um ; the Her- 
 cyniait Forest, Hercynia Silva, Hercy 
 nius rialtus, and Hercynii Saltus. 
 
 Uerci/nna, Hercynna, -as (/.). 
 
 Uerdon ia, Uerdonia, -m (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Htrclimia. Uerdoniensifl, -e. 
 
 Herdonius, Uerdonius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Uerejord. Herelordia, ae (/.) ; Ariconium, 
 -ii (n.) , of Hereford, Ariconensis. -e. 
 
 HereiiHiut, Herenniua, -ii (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Herennius, Uerennianus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Herford, v. Hertford. 
 
 Uerdlas. Herillua, -i (m.) ; tlie folloy>er$ of 
 HiriUiis, Uerillii, -orum (m.). 
 
 Uerilus, Uerilua, -i (m.). 
 
 Uerius, Ueriua, -ii (m.). 
 
 Hermachns, Uermachua, -i (m.). 
 
 Uemidtum, Hermajum, -i (n.). 
 
 Hermngoras, Hermagoraa, -as (m.; ; the 
 disciples of Hermagoras, Hertnagorei, 
 -orum (m.). 
 
 Herman, Hermannua, -i, and Arminius, -ii 
 (m.). 
 
 Hermaiidica, Uermandica, -m (/.). 
 
 Herman list a dl, Hermannopolia, -ia (/.). 
 
 Hermapkrod'UHs, Hermaphroditua, -i (m.). 
 
 Hermas, Hormas, -sb (m.). 
 
 Hermaihena, Uermathena, -m (/.). 
 
 Hermi s, Hermes, -m (m.), v. Mercury. 
 
 Hermias, Hermias, -a) (nt.). 
 
 Uerminius, Herminius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Htrmione, Hermione, -es (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Hermione, Hertnidnicua, -a, 
 •um, and Hermioniua, -a, -um. 
 
 Hermlones, the. Hermiones, -um (ra.). 
 
 Hermippiis, Herraippus, -i (m.). 
 
 Hermodorus. Hermodorua, -i (m.). 
 
 Uermogenes, Hermogenea, -is (m.) ; of or 
 relating to Hermogenes, Hermogenia- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Hermolaus, Hermolaus, -i (m.). 
 
 HermopoUs, Hermopolis, -is (/.) ; of Her- 
 mopoiis. Hermopolitic, HerraopoUtea. -sB 
 
 (TO-)- 
 Hermotinns, Hermotinua, -l (m.). 
 Hermunduri, the, Hermundflri, -orum (»7i.). 
 Hermits, the, Ilermus, -i (m.). 
 gie^nici, the, Heniici, -orum (»».); of or 
 relating to the Hernici, Hemican, Her- 
 nicus, -a. -um. 
 Hero, Hero, -da (/.). 
 
 Herod, Herodes, -is (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Herod, Herodianua, -a, -um ; the Hero- 
 dians (partisans of Herod), Herodiani, 
 -orum (m.) , daughter of Herod, Hero- 
 dias. -adia (/.). 
 Herodian, Uerodianus, -i (jb.). 
 Herodias, Her6dias, -adia (/.) , slrUtly. 
 
 daughter of Herod. 
 Herodotus, Herodotus, -i (jb.). 
 Herophile, Herophile, -ea (/.). 
 Herostratus, Herostratus, -i (m.). 
 Herse. Herse, -es (/.). 
 Hersilia, Hersilia, -8b (/.). 
 Hertford, Harl'ordia, -ss (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Hertford, Harfordienaia, -e ; coun- 
 ty of Hertford, Hertfordshire, Harfordi- 
 ensis Comitatus. 
 Herus. Herus, -i (m.). 
 Hesiod, Hesiodus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Hisiod, Hesiodeua, -a, -um. 
 Hesione, Uesione, -ea (/.). 
 Hesperia, Hesperia, -m (/.) ; of or relating 
 to Hesperia, Hesperian, Heapgrius, -a, 
 ■um : perul. fern., Hesperis, -idia. 
 Hefperus, Hesperus, -i (m.) ; daughter of 
 Hesperus, Hesperia, -Idis (/.) ; usually tn 
 plural, Hesperidea, -um (/.). 
 Hesse. Hessia or Hassia, -as (/.) 
 Hester, v. Esther. 
 Hesritoiis, Hestiajotis, -Idis I,/.) 
 Hesyckius, Hesychiua, -ii (m.). 
 Hexham, Axelodunum, -i (n.). 
 Hezekiah. Ezechias, -aa (m.). 
 Hibernia, Hibemia, -as (/.). 
 Hicesius, Hiceaius, -ii (m.). 
 Hicetaon, Hicgtaon, -6ni3 (m.) ; of or rt- 
 lating to Hicetaon, Hicetafiniua, -a, -um. 
 Hiefnpsal, Hiempsal, -alia («.). 
 Hxem^kas. Hiempsaa, ■» (m.). 
 Hiera. Hiera, -a) (/.). 
 Bieracia, Hieracia, -le (/.). 
 Bterapolis, Hierapolia. -is (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Hierapolis, Hierapolitanus, 
 
 H O L 
 
 •a, um ; the inluiliitnnts of Hierapolis, 
 
 Hierapolitit), -arum. 
 Hierapyiiia, Hierapytna, -w (/> 
 Hitras, Hicraa, -a; (to.). 
 Hierax, Hierax, -acia {»».). 
 HiiTcmias, v. Jeremiah. 
 Hieres (lies d'), Stoecbadea, -nm (/.), In- 
 
 aulffi. 
 Hiericho, v. Jericho. 
 Hiero, Hiero, -onia (m.) ; of or relating lo 
 
 Hiero, HieronicuB. -a, -um. 
 Hierocasarea, Hierocajsarea, -aj (/.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to Hierocasarea, Hierocie- 
 
 aarienais, -e. 
 Hierocles, Hierocles, -if (ir..). 
 HierOnymus, v. Jerome. 
 Hierosolyma, v. Jerusalem 
 Hi/rum, Hierum or Uieron, -l (n.). 
 Hilaira, Hilaira, -m (/.). 
 Hitario, Uilario, -onis (m.). 
 
 HilArus, Hilarus, -i (m.). 
 Hildesheim, Ascalingium, -ii (n.) ; Ulldesia, 
 -aj (/.) ; of or belonging to Hildesheim, 
 Hildeaiensia, -e. 
 Hillus, Hillus, -i (m.). 
 Himella, the, Himella, -m (/.). 
 Himera, Himern, -aa (/.), and Himfira, 
 •orum (n.) ; of or belonging to Himera. 
 Himerffiua, -a, -um. — 2. (»n.) a river: 
 of the Himera. Himerensia, -e. 
 Himerius, Himgrius, -ii (m.). 
 Himilco, Himilco, -onis (m.). 
 Himmalaya (Mountains), ▼. Emodi Mon- 
 ies ; Imaus Mona (in part.). 
 Hipparchus, Hipparchua, -i (m.). 
 Hipparinus, Hipparinua, -i (m.). 
 Hipparis, the, Hipparia, -ia (m.). 
 Hippasus, Hippasua, -i (m.) ; son of Hip- 
 
 pasus, Hippasldes, -ae (m.). 
 Hippea, Hippea, -as (/.). 
 Hippia, Hippia, -a; (/). 
 Hippias, Hippias, -» (m.). 
 Hippius, Hippiua, -ii (to.). 
 Hippo, Hippo, -onis (m.), and Hippo Re- 
 gius ; of or belonging to Hippo, Hippo- 
 nensis, -e. 
 Hippocoon, Hipp6c6on, -ontla («».). 
 Hippocrites, Hippocrates, -la (ro.) ; of or 
 relating to Hippocrates, Hlppocraticua, 
 -a, -um. 
 Hippocrene, Hippocrfine, -ee (/.) ; of Hip- 
 pocrene, Hippocrenaeiia, -a, -nm ; pecul. 
 fern., Hippocrenis, -Idia ; etp. in plural 
 (of the Muses), HippocrfinTdes, -um. 
 Hippodamas, Hippodamaa, -antis (ra.). 
 Hippodamia, Hippodamla, -m, and Hip- 
 
 p6d6me, -ea (/.). 
 Hippodamus, Hippodamna, -i (m.). 
 Hippolochus, Hippol6chua, -1 (m.) 
 Hippolyte, Hipp61fte, -ea (/.). 
 Hippolytus, Hippolytus, -i (to.). 
 Hippomidon, HippomSdon, -ontla (m.). 
 Hippomenes, Hipp6ii"""s, -a) and -la (m.) 
 daughter of Hippom^uLS, Hipp6m6nei8, 
 -idia (/.). 
 Hippona, HippOna, -ge (/.). 
 Hipponax, Hipponax, -actia (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Hipponax, Hipponacteua, -a, 
 •um. 
 Hipponicus, Hipponicua. -I (m.). 
 Hippothdon, Hipp6th6on, -ontia (ra.). 
 Hippus, Hippus or Hippos, -i (/.), a city. 
 
 — 2. (m.) a river. 
 Hirpini, the, Hirpini, -orum (m.) ; of or re- 
 Uuing to the Hirpini, Hirpinus, -a, -um. 
 Hirrus, Hirrua, -i (m.). 
 Hirtiiis, Hirtiua, .ii (to.) ; of or relating to 
 Hirtius, Hirtianua, -a, -um, and Hirtius, 
 a, um. 
 Hispalis, Hispalia, -is (/.) ; of or relating 
 to Hispalis, Hispalensis, -e, and Hiapali- 
 ensis, -e. 
 Hispania, v. .9pain. 
 Hiapnniola, HispaniOla, -ee (/.). 
 Hispellum, Hispcllum, -i (n.) ; oj Hispei- 
 Inm, Hispellas, -atia, and HiapeUensie, -e. 
 Hispo, Hiapo, -onis (m.). 
 Hispulla. Hispulla, -a? (/.). 
 Histria, Histria, -te (/.); of or belonging 
 to Histria, Histrian, Hiatricus, -a, -um, 
 and Hietrus, a, -um ; the Histrian*, His- 
 tri, -orum (m.). 
 Hoans-Hn, Bautisus, -i (m.). 
 Holland. Bativia, -m (/.) ; oj Holland, Ba- 
 
 t4vus, -a. -um. 
 Holmia, J Holmia. -w (/.), and HolmoB, 
 Holmi, 5 -orum (to.). 
 
 HYP 
 
 Holofemes, Holofemea, -ia (m.) 
 Holstein, Uolsalia. -ub (/.). 
 Homtrita, the, Homciits -arum (m./ 
 Homerus, Homeru=. -i im.) ; of tr rtUutri^ 
 
 to Homtr, Homeric, Homericus, a. -um, 
 
 and Homerius, -a, -um ; a Homertd, 
 
 Homeriata, -as tm.). 
 Homole, Homdle, -es (/.). 
 Homolium, Hom61ium, -ii (n.). 
 Homona, Homona, -as (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Homona, Homonensia, -e. 
 Honoria, Honoria, -as (/.). 
 Honorius, lionorius, -ii (m.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing lo Honorius, Honorianua, -a, -uiu . 
 
 scm of Honorius, Honori&dea, -e (m.) ; 
 
 daughter of Honorius, Honoriaa, -tdU 
 
 (/.)• 
 Horace, Horatius, -ii im.), q. ▼. 
 Horatio, Uoratia, -aj (J'.). 
 Horatio =. Horcuius. 
 
 Horatius, \ Horatiua, -ii (to.) ; of or relm 
 Horace, > iug to Horatius, Horaiiai, 
 Horati&nua, -a, -tun, and HoraDut. -a. 
 -um ; the Horatii, Horatii. -orum (m). 
 Hormisdas, Hormiadas, -aj (to.). 
 Horialus, Hortilus, -i (m.y 
 Horta, \ Hortanum, -i (n.) ; of or kt 
 
 Hortanum. J longing to Horta, Hortine. 
 
 Hortiiiua, -a, -um. 
 Horus, Horus or Horos, -i (m.). 
 Hostilia, Hostilia, -sb (/.) ; of Hoslilia, Hoi 
 
 tiliensie, -e. 
 Hosiilius, HoEtiliua, -ii (m.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Hosiilius, Hoatilianus, -a, -nm. 
 and Uostilius, -a, -um. 
 Hostus, Hostiia, -i (m.). 
 Hubert, Hubertus, -i (m.). 
 Hugh, Hugo, -onia (m.). 
 Humber, the, Abus, -i (m.). 
 Humphrey, Humpbredua, -i, and Onuptin 
 
 ua, -ii (TO.). 
 Hungary, Hungaria, -aj (/.). 
 Hutu, the, Hunni, -orum. and CbunnL 
 ■omm (TO.) ; of or relating to the Hun*. 
 Hunniscus, -a, -um. 
 Huntingdon, Huntingdonia, -m (/.) ; oJ 
 Huntingdon, Huntingdoneneia, -e, tint 
 Huntingtoniensis, e ; Huntingdonshire 
 Comitatus Huntingdonensis. 
 Huy, Huum, -i t.). 
 
 Hyacinthus, ilyacintbua, -i (to.) , of or rt 
 lating lo Hyacinthus, Hyacinthin*, » 
 -um. 
 Hyale, Hyale, -es (/.). 
 Hyampolis, HyampoUa, -is (/.). 
 Hyantes, the, Hyantea, -um (m.) ; oj jr rt 
 lating to the HvantAf Hy«Bt'u8, -a. -un 
 and Hyanteus. -a. -um. 
 Hyas, Hyas, -antis (to.) ; sister of Hyat 
 Hyaa, -adia (/.) ; esp. in plural, the Hya 
 des, Uyadea, -um. 
 Hybla, Hybla. -ee (/.), a city ; (m.) a mount 
 ain ; of or belonging to Hybla. HybUean 
 Uybla?U8, -a. -um, and Hyblensia, -e. 
 Uydaspes. the, Hydaapes, -is (m.) ; of or re 
 lating to the Hydaspes, Hydaapeua, -a 
 -um. 
 Hyde, Hyde, -ea, and Hyda, -as (/.) 
 Hydraotes, the, Hydraotes, -as (m.). 
 Hydrela, Hydrela, -as (/.) : of or belong 
 ing to Hydrela, Hydrelatanna, a. -um 
 the inhabitants of Hydrela, HydreliCffi 
 -arum (m.). 
 Hydruntum, Hydruntum, -i (n.). and Hy 
 drus, -untis (/.) ; the inhabitants of Hy- 
 druntum, Hydruntini, -orum (m.). 
 Hydrussa, Hyilrussa, -as (./.)■ 
 Hygea, Hyeea or Hygla, -as (/.). 
 Hyginus, Hyginua, -i (m.). 
 Hyliii, the, ifylasi, -orum (m.) -, of or be- 
 longing to the Hylai, Hylasus, -a, -nm. 
 Hylaus. Hylasua, -i (to.). 
 Hylas, Hvlas, -ee (m.) 
 Hyle, Hyie, -ea (/.). 
 Hyles, Hyles, -bb (to.). 
 Ht/leus, Hyleiia, -eos and -ei («.). 
 Hyllus, Hyllus, -i (m.). 
 Hylonome. Hyl6n6me, -es (/.). 
 Hymen, Hymen (only in nom. and MC) 
 
 and Hymcnffiua. -i (m). 
 Hymettius, HymetUua. -ii (to.). 
 Hymettue (Mount), Hymettus, -I (m.) , fj 
 or belonging lo Hymettus, Uymcttin& 
 ■a. -um. 
 Hyp*pa, Hypsepa, -orum (n.) ; of or U 
 longing to Hupiipa. Hypa-pfinua, -a. -no. 
 Hypanis,the, Hypanis, -is (m.) ; of or >>' 
 longing to the Hypanis, Hypaneius. - 
 -um. 
 
 727
 
 ICE 
 
 Hypasis, the, Hypasis, -is (to.). 
 
 Hijpata, Hypata, -te (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Hypata, Hypatisus, -a, -um, and Hyp 
 
 atiniis, -a, -nm. 
 Uypatins, Hypatius, -ii (ra.). 
 Hyperbius, Hyperbius, -ii {m.). 
 Hyperbolus, Hyperbolus, -i (m.). 
 Hyperboreans, the, Hyperborei, -orum (m.). 
 Hyperea, Hyperea or -ria, -ee (/.). 
 Hyperides, Hyperides, -is (m.). 
 Hyperion, Hyperion, -onis (m.) ; daughter 
 
 of Hyperion, Hyperionis, -idU (f.); of 
 
 or belonging to Hyperion, Hyperioniua, 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Hypermnestra, Hypemmeatra, •», and 
 
 •neatre, -ea (/.). 
 Hypstea, Hypsaea, -sb (/.). 
 Hypsaus, Hypsaeus, -i (m.). 
 dypseus, Hypseus, eos and -ei (»n.). 
 Hypsicrates, Hypsicratee, -is (m.). 
 Uypsipyle, Hypsipyle, -ea (/.) ; of Hyp- 
 
 ripyle, Hypsipyl<E»»s, -a, -um. 
 Bj/rcania, Hyrcania, -se (/.) ; of Uyreania, 
 
 Hyrcanian, Hyrcaniua, -a, -um, and Hyr- 
 
 canua, -a, -um. 
 Hyrie, Hyrie, -ea (/.) ; of Hyrie, Hyrieti- 
 
 cua, -a, -uin._ 
 tlyrieus, Hyrieua, -eoa or -ei (m.) ; of Uy- 
 
 rieus, Hyrieus, -a, -um. 
 tiyrium, Hyrium, -ii {n.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Hyrium, Hyrinus, -a, -um. 
 Uyrmine, Hyrmine, -ea (/.). 
 yijriacns, Hyrtacua, -i (m.) ; son of Uyr- 
 
 taciis, Hyrtacidea, -se v."*.). 
 Uystaspcs, Hystaapea, -ia (m.). 
 
 I. 
 
 (a, la, -ai (/.). 
 
 lacckns, lacchus, i ("».)• 
 
 lacob, V. Jacob. 
 
 lacobns, lacftbua, -i (m.) ; t. also James. 
 
 lader, the, lader, -eria (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to the lader, laderdnus, -a, -imi. 
 liera, Itera, -ae (/.). 
 
 lalysus, lalysus, -i (ro.), a man's name.— 2. 
 (/.) a city : of or belonging to lalysus, 
 lali'aiuB, -a, -um. 
 laviblichus, lamblichua, -i (m.). 
 lanthe, lanthe, -ea (/.). 
 lapetus. lapetua, -i (m.) ; son of Japetnt, 
 lapetionides, -» (ro.) ; lapetidea, -a) (»».). 
 [apis, lapis, -idia (m.). 
 fapydia, lapydia, -ee (/.) ; of lapydia, /o- 
 pydian, lapis, -ydis ; the lupydians, la- 
 pydes, -um (m.). 
 lapygia, lapygia, -86 (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to lapygia, ISpygius, -a, -um ; the lapy- 
 gians, lapyges, -um (ra.). 
 Tapyx, ISpyx, -ygis (m.). 
 Tarbas, larbas, -aj (m.). 
 lision, lasion, -onis (m.) = sg. 
 Tatius, laaiua, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 lasius. laaiua, -a, -um ; son or desond' 
 ant oj lastus, lasidee, -e (m.) ; daughter 
 or female descendant of lasius, lasia, 
 -idis (/.). 
 laso, laso, -lis (/.). 
 lason, V. Jngon. 
 
 Tassus, lassus, i (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 lassus, lassius, -a, -um, and lassensia, 
 .e ; the Gulf of Tassiis, laasiua Sinua 
 [axarles, the. laxaites, -ffi (m.). 
 latyges, the, lazyges, -um (m.). 
 Theria, Iberia, -« (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Iberia, Iberian, Iberus, -a, -um, and Ibe- 
 rigcus, -a, -um ; an Iberian, Iber, -eria 
 (m.) ; the Iberians, Iberes, -um, and Ib6- 
 rl, -orum (m.). 
 
 B^' \ '*^' '^^'■"^' ' ('"■)• 
 
 Ibis, Ibis, -idia and -is (/.). 
 
 Ibyeus, Ibycus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Ibycus, Ibycius, -a, -um. 
 
 leadius, Icadius, -ii («.). 
 
 Icaria, v. Icarus. 
 
 learius, Icarius, -ii (ro.) : of or relating to 
 Icarius, Icariua, -a, -um ; daughter of 
 Icarius, Icaria, -idia, and Icariotia, -idis 
 
 Icarus, Icarua and Icaros, -1, and Icaria, 
 -8B (/.) ; of or belonging to Icarus, Ica- 
 rius, -a, -um ; the Icarian Sea, Icarium 
 Mare. 
 
 Iccius, Iccius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Iceland, {perhaps) Thule, -ea (/.^ ; lalan- 
 dia, ■» (/.) ; IcdandUk, lalandicus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 lettiu, Icilus, -1 (*i.). 
 738 
 
 *N G 
 
 luni, the, Iceni. -orum (b».). 
 
 Ichnusa, Iclinusa, -ae (/.). 
 
 Ichthyophagi, Ichthyophagi, -onim (m.). 
 
 Icilius, Iciliua, -ii (m.). 
 
 Iconium, Iconium, -ii (n.) ; of leonium, 
 
 Iconian, Iconiensia, -e. 
 Ictinus, Ictinus, -i (m.). 
 Icus, Icus or Icos, -i (/.). 
 Ida (Mount), Ida, -sb, and Ids, -ea (/) ; of 
 or belonging to Ida, Idaan, Id»U8, -a, 
 -um. — 2. a female name. 
 Idaus, Idseus, -i (n».). 
 Idalia, Idalia, -m (/.) ; v. sg. 
 Idolium, Idalium, -ii (n.) ; of Idalium, Ida- 
 lian, Idaliua, -a, um; peeuUfem., Idalia, 
 •idis. 
 Idas, Idas, -se (m.). _ 
 Idmon, Idmon, -onis (m.) ; of Idmon, Id- 
 
 monius, -a, -um. 
 Idomeneus, Idomeneus, -eoa or -ei (bi.), 
 
 poet. ace. -ea. 
 Idumea, Idumea, -ee (/.) ; of Idumea, Idu- 
 
 mean, Idumffiua, -a, -um. 
 Idyia, Idyia, -m (/.). 
 leremias, v. Jeremiah, 
 lericho, v. Jericho, 
 leme, leme, -ea (/.) = Hlbemia. 
 lerosolyma, v. Jerusalem. 
 lEsus, V. Jesus. 
 Igilgili, IgilgiU, indecl. (n.) ; of or belong- 
 
 ing to Igilgili, Igilgilitanus, -a, -una. 
 Igilium, leUium, -ii (k.). 
 Iguvium, Iguvium, -ii (n.) ; the inhabitant* 
 of Iguvium, Iguvinates, -ium, and Ign- 
 vini, -orum (m.). 
 fksworth, Icenorum Oppidum. 
 Ilchester, Iscalia or lachalis, -is (/.). 
 Ilenrda, Ilerda, -m (/.) ;, the inhabitants of 
 
 Herda, Uerdensea, -ium (m.). 
 Ilergetes, the, llergetea, -um, emd ilergS- 
 
 t», -arum (m.). 
 Ilia, Ilia, -aa (/.). 
 niad, the, llias, -adia (/). 
 Ilion, V. Uium. 
 
 Ilione, Iliona, •», and Ilione, -es (/.). 
 Rioneus, Ilioneus, -eos and -ei (m.). 
 Ilissiis, the, Ilissus, -i (m.). 
 riilhyia, llithyia, -ee (/.). 
 Ilium, Ilium and Dion, -ii (ra.) , of or be- 
 longing to Ilium {or Troy), Trojan, Ili- 
 ua, -a, -um ; Iliacus, -a, -um ; and Ilien- 
 aia, -e ; a icoman of Ilium, llias, -adia 
 (/.) ; usual in plural, Iliades, -um. 
 nkley, Olicana, -bb (/.). 
 Illyria, Illy ria, -ga (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 lUyria, Illyrian, lUyricua, -a, -um, and 
 lllyrius, -a, -um ; pecul.fem., Illyris, -idia. 
 Hilda, Ilucia, -te (/.). 
 Ilurco, Ilurco, -onis (/.) ; of Ilurco, Ilur- 
 
 conensis, -e. 
 Iluro, Iluro, -onia (/.) ; of Iluro, Ouren- 
 
 ais, -e. 
 Ilus, Plus, -i (m.); son or descendant of 
 
 hue, lUades, -te (m.). 
 Ilva, Ilva, -ffl (/.). 
 Imachara, Imachara, -ee (/) . of ImacJiara, 
 
 Imacharensis, -e. 
 Imaon, Iiiiaon, -onis (m.). 
 Imaus (Mount), Imaus, -i (m.), mens. 
 Imbarus, Imbaraa, i (m). 
 Imbrasus, Imbrasus, -i (m.) ; son oflmbra- 
 
 sus, Imbra-ides, ■» (m.). 
 Imbreus, Imbreus. -eos or -ei (»».). 
 Imbrinium. Imbrinium, -ii (n.). 
 Imbrus, Imbrus or Imbros, -i (/.) ; of Im- 
 
 brus, Imbrian, Imbriua, a, -um. 
 Imola, Forum Cornelii. 
 Inachia, Inachia, -SB (/.). 
 Inachus, Inachus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Inachus, Inachian, Inachius, -a, -um ; 
 son or descendant of Inachus, Inachi- 
 dea, -CB (m.) ; daughter or female de- 
 scendant of Inachus, Inachia, -idis (/.). 
 — 2. a river: of the Inachus, Inachiua, 
 -a, -um ; pecul. fern., Inachia, -idia. 
 Inarime, Inarime, -es (/.). 
 Index, Index, -icis (m.). 
 India, India, -se (/.) ; the inhabitants of 
 India. Indi, -orum (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to the Indi or India, Indicus, -a, 
 •um, and Indus, -a, um ; the Indian 
 Ocean, Erythrajum Mare ; the East In- 
 dies. India Orientalis ; the IFest Indies, 
 India Occidentalis. 
 Induciomarus, Induciomarus, -i (si.). 
 Indus, the, Indus, -i (m.). 
 Ingtnones, the, IngcBvones, -um (m.) 
 Ingauni, the, Ingauni, -orum («i»-). 
 Ingram Kngelr^Tna i (w.). 
 
 1 S M 
 
 Inn, the, iEnus or CEnua, -i (m.). 
 Innspruck, Mm Pons or CEnipona, ouOi 
 
 im.). 
 Innstadt, Boiodurum, -i («.). 
 Ino, Ino, -<is (/.) ; of or belonging to Ino 
 
 Incus, -a, -um. 
 Insubres, the, Insubres, -inm (m.) ; of or 
 
 relating to the Insubres, Insubrian, In- 
 
 euber or -bris, -e. 
 Intemelium, IntemSlium, -ii (n.) ; the m- 
 
 habitants of Intemelium, Intemelii, -onm 
 
 (»».)• 
 Interamna, Interamna, -8b, and Intcrsan- 
 nae, -ariim (/.) ; of or belonging to In- 
 teramna, Interamnas, -atis (adj.), and 
 Interamnensis, -e ; the Interamnians, In- 
 teramnates, -ium (m.). 
 Inuus. Inuus, -i (m.). 
 lo, lo, -As (/.). 
 loannes, v. John, 
 lob, V. Job. 
 loeasta, v. Jocasta. 
 lolaus, lolaua, -i (m.). 
 lolcos, lolcoa or lolcus, -i (/.; , of or »» 
 
 longing to lolcos, lolciacua, -a, -um 
 lole, lole, es (/.). 
 lollas, lollaa, -gb (m.). 
 ton. Ion, -onia (m.). 
 lonas, V. Jonas. 
 
 Ionia, Ionia, -a< (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Ionia, Ionian, lonicus, -a, -um; loniua, 
 •a, -um ; and Ion, -onia (as adj.) ; pecul. 
 fern., lonis, -Tdia ; the lonians, lonea 
 -um (m.) ; the Ionian Sea, Mare Ionium 
 lopas, I6paa, -ss (m.). 
 lordanes, v. Jordan, 
 los, los, -i (/.). 
 losephus, V. Joseph. 
 Z,M>.pe, ioiape, -es (/.). 
 Iphianassa, Iphianasaa, -» (/.). 
 Iphides, Iphicles, -is (m.) 
 Iphiclus, Iphiclus, -1 (m.). 
 Iphigenxa, Iphigenia, -as (/.). 
 Iphimedia, Iphimedia, -as (/.) 
 Iphinous, IphinSus, -i (m.). 
 Iphis, Iphis, -idis (m.) ; daughter of Iphn. 
 Iphias, -adis (/,). — 2. (/.) name of a 
 womun. 
 Iphitus, Iphitus, -i (m.). 
 Ipsala, Cypsela, -orum (ti,). 
 Ipswich, Gippevicum, -i (n.). 
 Iran, Ariana, -se (/.) ; Aria, -se, (J.). 
 Ireland, Hibemia, -ae (/.) ; leme, -es (/.) , 
 of or belonging to Ireland, Irish, Hiber- 
 nicus, -a, -um. 
 IrentEus, Irenaeus, -i (m.). 
 Irene, Irene, -ea (/.). 
 Iresia., Iresias, -arum (/.). 
 Iri, the. Eurotaa, -s ;m.). 
 Iria, Iria, -ea (/.) ; the inhabitants of IriA 
 
 Iriatea, -ium, and Irienses, ium (m.). 
 Iris, Iris, -la and -Idis (/.), a goddess.— % 
 
 (m.) a river. 
 Irus, Irus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Isaetc, laaacua, -i, and Isaac, ind*cl. (••.). 
 Isabella, Isabella, -SB {f.). 
 Isteus, Isaeus, -i (m.). 
 Isaiah, Isaias or Esaias, -ee (m.) , of or rr 
 
 lating to Isaiah, Isaianus, -a, -um. 
 Isara, the. Isara, -ae (m.). 
 Isaura, Ifaura. -orum (n.) ; Isaurus. i (/./ 
 Isanria. Isauria. -te (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Isauria, Isaurian, Isauricus, -a, um , 
 the Isauri, Isauri, -orum (m.). 
 Isaurus, the, Isaurus, -i (m.). 
 Isca, Isca, -ae (/.). 
 Iscariot (i. e., of Kerioth), Iscariotes, ••> 
 
 (m.). 
 Ischia, Aenaria, -ae (f) ; InWme, -ea (/.). 
 Isehomdche, Ischomacne, -es (/.)• 
 Iseo (Logo (f ), Sebinus. -i (m.), Lacus. 
 Isere, Isara, -ae (m.). 
 
 Ishmael, Ismael or Ismahel, -elis {m.) , 
 sons or descendants of Ishmael, the Ith- 
 maelites, Ismaelitae, -arum («.). 
 Isidorus, Isidorus, -i (m.). 
 Isigonus, Isigonus, -i (m.). 
 Isis, Isis, -is and -Idia (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Isis, Isiacus, -a, -um. 
 Ismael, v. Ishmael. 
 Ismara, Ismira, -orum (n.) ; v. sg. 
 Ismarus (Mount), lamarus, -I ("».). an* 
 lam&ra, -orum (n.) ; of or belonging U 
 Ismarus, lamariua, -a, -um, and IsmAri- 
 cus, -a, -um. 
 Ismene, lamene, -es (/.)- 
 lemenias, lamSniaa, -ae {m.). 
 Ismenus, the, Ismenus, i («».) ; of the It 
 menus. Ismenian, Ismeniua, -a, -ttiB
 
 J E C 
 
 pecul.fem., Ismeuis, -idis (poa.Jor The- 
 ban). 
 
 Itmir, Smyrna, -m (/.), q. ▼ 
 
 Isnich, Nictta, sb (/.), q- '. 
 
 Isocrates, Isocrates, -is (m.) ; oj or relat- 
 ing to Isocrates, Igocrateus, -a, um, and 
 Isocr&ticua, -a, -um. 
 
 Isola parneae, Veii, -orum (m.), q- ▼ 
 
 Ispahan, Aspadana, -orum (n.). 
 
 Israel, Israel, indecl., and Israel, -elie (in.) ; 
 son or descendant of Israel, Israelita, -le 
 (m.) ; 171 plural, the Israelites, leraelitte, 
 •arum (i».) ; an Israelitish woman, a 
 daughter of Israel, IsrHelltia, -Idis (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to tlie Israelites, Israeli- 
 Qcus, -a, -um. 
 
 Issa, Issa, •» (/.) ; of or belonging to Iisa, 
 IsstBua, a, -um ; Iss^cus, -a, -um ; and 
 lesensis, -e. 
 
 Issachar, lesacbar, indecl. (m.). 
 
 lue, Isse, -ee (/.). 
 
 Issny, Isna, -tu (/.). 
 
 Issoire, Iciodurum, -t (n.). 
 
 Issus. Issue, -i (/.) ; of or belonging to Is- 
 sus, Issius, -a, -um. 
 
 Istavones, Istovones, -um (■».). 
 
 Ister, V. Danube. 
 
 Istria, V. Histria. 
 
 Istropolis, Istropdlis, -is (/.). 
 
 Italica, Italica, -m (/.) ; of Italica, Itellcen- 
 sis, -e. 
 
 Ilalus, Italus, -i (m.). 
 
 Italy, Italia, -as (/.) : in poet., Uesp^rla, -ae 
 (/.); Aus6nia,-tb(/.); CEnotria, -»(/.); 
 and Saturnia, -m (/.), q. v. ; of or be- 
 longing to Italy, Italian, Italicus, -a, -am, 
 and Italus, -a, -um ; pecuL fern., Italis, 
 •idis (for poet, forms, v. under the poet, 
 names above) ; the Italians, Itali, -orum 
 (m.). 
 
 Ithaca, Ithaca, •», and Ithace, -es (/.) ; of 
 or belonging to Ithaca, Ithacus, -a, -um, 
 and Ithacensis, -e. 
 
 Ithome, Ithome, -es (/.)• 
 
 Itonus, Itonus, -1 (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Ilonus, Itoniufl, -a, -um. 
 
 Iturtta, Iturttja. -ee (/.) ; Iturtean. Iturceus, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Itys, Itys, -yos (»n.). 
 
 lulls, lulis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Iitlus, lulus, -i (m.); of or belonging to 
 lulus, deriredfrom lulus, luleus, -a, -um. 
 Ivica, Ebusus, -i (/.), q. v. 
 
 Ivrea, Eporedia, -m (/.). 
 Ivry, Iburium, -ii (n.). 
 Txibn, IxioB, -onis (n».) ; of or rdaling to 
 Ixion, Ixionius, -a, -um; son of Ixion, 
 Ixidnides, ■» (m.). 
 
 J. 
 
 Jabesh. Jabeeh, indecl. (».V 
 
 Jaca, Jacca, -«b (/. ). 
 
 Jacob, Jacob, indecl. (m.) 
 
 Jael, Jael, indecl. (/.). 
 
 Jafet, V. Japhet 
 
 Jaffa, Joppe, -es (/.), T. Joppa. 
 
 Jairus, Jairus, -i (m.). 
 
 Jamaica, Jamaica, m (/.). 
 
 Jamblichus, v. lamblickus. 
 
 James, Jac6bus, -i (m.). 
 
 Jamestoitm, Jacobipolis, -is (/.). 
 
 Jane, Joanna, -m (/.). 
 
 Janiculum (Mount), JanicQlum, -I (n.) , "/ 
 the Janiculum, Janicularis, -e. 
 
 Janina, Epirus, -i (/.). 
 
 Janissary, Cape, v. Jenischehr. 
 
 Janus, JanuB, -i (m.) ; of or relating to Ja- 
 nus, Janalis, -e, and Janu&lis, -e 
 
 Japan, Japonia, -as (/.). 
 
 Japelus, V. lapelus. 
 
 Japhet, Japhet or Japheth, indecL, and 
 Japgtus, -i (m.). 
 
 Jaques. Jacobus, -i (m.). 
 
 Jaqnet, Jacoba, -as (/.). 
 
 Jared, laredus, -i (m.). 
 Tason, Jason, -onis (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Jason, Jasonius, -a, -um ; son of Jason, 
 Jasonides, -b ("».). 
 
 Jaspar. Caspar, -aris (m.) 
 
 Jassy, Jassium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Javolinus, Jav61enu8, -i (m.). 
 
 Jeanette, Joanetta, -ea (/.). 
 
 Jebba, Jebba, -as (/.). 
 Jebus,, ,iebus, -1 (m.) ; the descendant* of 
 Jebut the Jebusites,i ebuami, -Oram (m.)- 
 of \JT relating to the Jebusites, Jebnsii- 
 cus, -a, -um. 
 Jechonias. Jechonias. •» Cm.>. 
 
 J U N 
 
 Jeddo, Jedum. i (.n.). 
 
 Jehoeaphat, Jehojhaphat, indecl. (m.). 
 
 Jena, Jena, -it: (,/.>. 
 
 Jcnaub, the, Aceisines, -i* or -m (m.). 
 
 Jentt, V. Jeanette. 
 
 Jenischehr, Cape, Sigajum, I- (».), Promon- 
 torium. 
 
 Jeoffrey, GallVidus, -i (m.). 
 
 Jeplua, Jephta, -as (/.)• 
 
 Jephiha, Jephthe or Jephte, indecl. (m.). 
 
 Jeremiah, ) Jeremias, -83, and Uieremias, 
 
 Jeremy, > -« (m.). 
 
 Jericho, Jericho or Hiericho, indecl. (f), 
 and Hiericbos, -i, or Uiericus, -untis 
 (/•) ; "f "^ belonging to Jericho, Hieri- 
 cbontuus, -a, -um. 
 
 Jeroboam, Jeroboamus, -i (m.) 
 
 Jerome, Hieronymus, -i (m.). 
 
 Jersey, Cuisarea, ■» if.). 
 
 Jerusalem, Hier6s6Iyma, -orum (n.) , Hi- 
 erosolyma, -tu (/.) ; Hierusalem and Je- 
 ruealem, indecl. (/.) ; the inhabitants of 
 Jerusali-m, Hieroeolymittt), -anmi (m.) , 
 of or belonging to Jerusalem, Hierosoly- 
 marius, -a, um. 
 
 Jesse, Jesse or Jessaj, indeeL (!»•), of or 
 relating to Jesse, Jessisus, -a, -um, and 
 Jesseus, -a, -um. 
 
 Jesus, Jesus, -u, occ -um (m.). 
 
 Jewry, v. Judea. 
 
 Jezabel, Jezabel, indecl., and Jezabel, -fills 
 
 Joab, Joab, indecl. (m.). 
 
 Joan, Joanna, -m (/.). 
 
 Joanna, Joanna, -m (/.). 
 
 Jcas, Joas, indecl. (m.). 
 
 Job, Job, indecl., and Jobus, -1 (»».). 
 
 Jocasta, Jocaeta, -aj (/.), and Jocaste, -es 
 
 Joel, Joel, indecl, (m.). 
 
 John, Joannes or Johannes, -is (m ). 
 
 Joigny, Joviniacum, -i (n.). 
 
 Joinville, Joiinvilla, -le (/.). 
 
 Jonas. Jonas, -a) (m.) ; of or rdaling to 
 
 Jonas, JoDiSUS, -a, -um. 
 Jonathan Jonathan, ijidecl^ and JouatiitiB, 
 
 •ffi (m.). 
 Joppa, Joppe, es (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Joppa, Joppicus, -a, -uql 
 Jordan, the, Joidanes, -is (»B.). 
 Joseph, Joseph, indecl., and Josephufl, -I 
 
 (m.). 
 Joseph)/ s, Josephus, -1 (m.). 
 Joshua, Josue, indecl. ; also, Jesus, -d (m.). 
 Josiah, Josias, -te (m.). 
 Jotham, Jotham, indecl., and Jothamna, -l 
 
 (m.). 
 Joux, Jovium, -il («.). 
 Jovian, J6vianus, -i (m.). 
 Jovinian, Jovinianus, -i (ra.) ; the folUneers 
 
 of Jovinian, Jovinianistse, -arum (m.). 
 Jovinus, Jovinus, -i (i«.). 
 Jotius, Jovius, -Ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Jovius, Jovianus, -a, -um, and Jovius, -a, 
 -um. 
 Juba, Juba, -« (m.). 
 Jubellius, Jubellius, -ii (».). 
 Judah, Juda, -m (m.). 
 Judaa, V. Judea. 
 Judas, Juilas, aj (m.). 
 Judea, Judiea, -as (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Judea, Jiicish, Judasus, -a, -um, and Ju- 
 daicus, -a, -um. * 
 Judith, Judith, indecl, and Juditha, -«B (/.). 
 Jiigurtha, Jugurtha, -» ("».) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Jugurtha, Jugurthine, Jugurthi- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 Julia, Julia, -w (/.). 
 Julian, Julianu.s, -i (m.). 
 Juliana, Juliana, -as (/.). 
 Juliers, JuUacum, -i (7i.). 
 Juiii Forum, v. Fr^us ; the inhabitants of 
 
 Forum Julii, Juhenses, -ium (m.). 
 Juliobriga, Juliobriga, -as (/.); of Julio- 
 
 briga, Juliobrieensis, -e. 
 Juliopolis, Juliopolis, -is (/.) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Juliopolis, Juliopolitffl, -arum 
 
 (T71.). 
 
 Julius, Julius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging to 
 Julius or the Julia gens, Julian, Julius, 
 •a, -um, and Julianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Juncus, Juncus, -i {m.) ; of or relating to 
 Juncus, Juccianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Jttnia, Junta, -as (/.). 
 
 Junius, Junius, -ii (ra.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Junius or the Junia gens, Junian, Ju- 
 
 { nius, -a. -um, and Junianus, -a, -wn; 
 
 son or descendant of Junius (Brutue), 
 
 Joniadi^s. -as (m.). 
 
 I Juno. Juno, onis (/.); of or relating to 
 
 LAB 
 
 Ju7io, Janonian, Junonius, -a, -um. »%* 
 
 Junonalis, -e . ilu temple of Juno, Uene 
 
 um. -i (n.). 
 Jupiter, Jupiter, gen. Joris, &.C. •m.); oj 
 
 or relating to Jupiter, Joviu: a, -um 
 
 and Jovialis, -e (late). 
 Jura (Mount), Jura, -as (m.) ; of or relal 
 
 ing to Jura, Jurensis, -e. 
 Jusiina, Jucdna, -le (/.). 
 Justinian, Jutslinianuj, -i (m.^ . oj ur relal 
 
 ing to Justinian, Juetinianeuo. a. -ujn. 
 Justin z=.Juslinut, ij. v. 
 Justinopoiis. J U£t1n6p6lis, -is (f) 
 Justinus, Juetinus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Justinus, Justinianus, a, -um 
 Justus. Justus, -i (m.). 
 Jutland, Chersonesus Cimbrv-a /;; Jl^ 
 
 tia, -as (/.). 
 Julurna, Jutuma, -jb (/.) ; of y 'tialing 
 
 to Jutuma, Juturualis, -e. 
 Juvenal, JQTenili-. ■\b (m.). 
 Juvencus, JuvencuB, -i tjn.). 
 Juventius, Juventius, -ii (■>.). 
 
 Kaffa. V. Caffa. 
 
 Kaffaria, Catiuna, -u; (/.) 
 
 Kaisarieh, C^sarea, -bb (/.), q. » 
 
 Kakosia, Thisbe. -es (/.). 
 
 KalaOalii, i'aUepharus, -i (/.). 
 
 Kalpaki, Oichomgnua, -i (/.), q. « 
 
 Karasa, tlie, Caystrus, -i (m.). 
 
 Kate, Kalliarine, v. Catharine 
 
 Kattegat, v. Cuttegai. 
 
 Kedar,-Kedar, indecl. (m.), a man. ■ J.. 
 
 a city. 
 Kedron, the, Ccdron, -onis (m.). 
 Kempltiir, Campodunum, -i (n.) 
 Kenchester, Maauas, arum (/.). 
 Kendal, Concangium, -ii (n.). 
 Kent, Cantiura, -ii (n.) ; Cantia. -as (/.>. 
 Kerttch, Panticapa:um, -i (n.) 
 Keasel, Castellum Menapiorum. 
 Keswick, Causennae, arum (/.). 
 Khahour, the, Centrites, -as (ii»-). 
 Kiel, Chilonium. ii in.). 
 Kiew, Chiovia, -se (/.). 
 Kilkenny, Cella (fanum) J-t. Canicl . HL 
 kennia, -as (/.) ; of Kilkenny. .Aiikennl 
 ensis, -e. 
 Killaloe, Laona, -a; (f.). 
 Kills, the, for Kyll, q. v. 
 Kilmort, Chilmoria, -as (/.). 
 Kingston, Kegiopolis, -is (/.> ; Kingston- 
 upon-Hull, Regiodunum t.UuUinum), -I 
 (n.) ; Kiitgston-upon- Thames, K(;giodll 
 num Tamesinum. * 
 
 Kinnaird's Head, Ttezalum 1 (n.). Pro- 
 
 montorium. 
 Kiow, V. Kiew. 
 
 Kishon, the, Kison, -6ni« (m.). 
 KisH-irmak, Oie, Halys, -yos (m.) 
 Kissaro (Mount), Ossa, -ee (/.). 
 Kola, Cola, -as (/.), Lapporum. 
 Kolokyihia, th.-, Gythius, ii (m.) , OuUof 
 Kolokythia, Laconicus Sinus , GyUieA 
 tes Sinus. 
 Konieh, Iconium, -ii (n.). 
 KOnigsberg, Regiomontum, -i (n.) ; Mom 
 Regius (m.) ; of or belonging to KOnigs- 
 berg, Rcgiomontanus, -a, -um. 
 Kopenhagcn, v. Copenhagen. 
 Krimea, v. Crimea. 
 Kronsiadl, v. Cronstadt. 
 Kuban, the, HypSnis, is («.). 
 Kudros, Cytorus, -i (/.). 
 Kur, the, Cyrus, -i (m.). 
 Kurds, the. Carduchi, orum '•.'i. S^f 
 
 distan, Carduchia, -» (/.). 
 Kuttenberg, Cutna, -se {/.). 
 Kyle, Coila, -as (/.). 
 Kyll, the, Celbis or Gelbis -U (m.). 
 
 L. 
 
 Labdaeus, Labdacns. -1 (m q/ ^ reim 
 ing to Labdaeus, descended from Labda 
 cus. Labdacius, -a, um (poeL for Tli 
 ban) ; sons or descendants of Lahdarya. 
 LabdacidfE, -arum («.). 
 
 Labeo, Labeo, -onis (m.). 
 
 Laberia, Labfiria, -te (/.). 
 
 Laberius, LabSrius. ii (m.) ; oftrr relating 
 to Laberius, Laberianus, -a, um 
 
 Labicum, L»bicum, -1 (n.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Labicum, Labicanus, -a. -um ; 
 themhabitanlsofLabicMn.'Latiici. oruir 
 
 ^-■>-
 
 i< A u 
 
 Unntnua, Labienus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Labienus, Labienianus, -a, -urn. 
 Labinius, Labinius, -ii (m.). 
 iMbulla, LabuUa, -ae (/.). 
 LabuUus, LabuUus, -i (»>.). 
 Lacedtemon, Lacedaemon, -dnis (/.) ; Spar- 
 ta, -SB (/.), q. V. ; of or belonging to Lac- 
 edtemon, Laced<Emonian, Lacedsmoni- 
 us, -a, -um. 
 Laceriug, Lacerius, -ii (ro.). 
 Lacetania, Lacetania, -m (/.) , the inhabit- 
 ants of Laceuniia, Lacetani, -orum (m.). 
 Laches, Laches, -etis (m.). 
 Lachesis, Lachesis, -is (/.)■ 
 Lacinium, Lacinium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Lacinium, Lacinian, Lacinius, 
 •d, -um, aiiU Laciniensis, -e. 
 Uacobriga, Lacobriga, -sb (/) ; of or be- 
 longing to Lacobriga, Lacobrigensis, -e. 
 Lacon, Lacon, -onis (m.). 
 Laconia. Laconia, -aj (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Laconia, Laconian, Laconicus, 
 ■a, -um ; a Laconian, Laco or Lacon, 
 -onis (.m.) ; Laca^na, -sb (/.). 
 Laaantius, Lactantius, -ii (ra.). 
 Laaucinus, Lactucinua, -i (m.). 
 Lacydes, Lacydes, -is (m.). 
 Ladas, Ladas, -a3 (m.). 
 Lade, Lade, -es (/.). 
 Ladon. the. Laden, -onis (m.). 
 Laca, Lffica, -ae (m.). 
 LtUaps, Lselaps, -apis (m.). 
 LtUia, Laelia, -sb (/.). 
 L<tlius, Lselius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Lalius, Laelianus, -a, -um. 
 Lanas, Laenas, -atis (to.). 
 Lairte, Laerte, -es (/.) ; of Lairte, LaSr- 
 
 bus, -a, -um. 
 Laertes, Laertes, aiid poet. Laerta, -sb (m.) ; 
 of or relating to Laertes, Laertius, -a, 
 -um ; son of Lairtes, Laertiades, -ai 
 (m.). 
 Lttstrygonet, the, Lsestrygones, -um (m.) ; 
 of the Lastrygonts, Lcestrygonian. L»8- 
 trygonius, -a, -um. 
 Latorius. Lffitorius, -ii (iti.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Latorius, Lietorius, -a. -um. 
 Lotus, Leetus, -i (,m.). 
 Lavi, the, Ltevi, -orum (m.). 
 Lttvina, Laevina, -aj (/.). 
 Lavinius, Lsviniua, -ii (m.). 
 Levinus, LsBvinus, -i (m.). 
 Lavi'U!. Lajvius. -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Lttvtus, Lffivianus, -a, -um. 
 Lovus, Laevus, -i (m.). 
 Lagos, Lagos, -i (/.). 
 Lagous, the, Lagous, -i (m.). 
 Lagus, Lagus, -i (m.) , of or reletting to 
 Lagus (or the Lagida), Lageufl, -a, -um ; 
 son or descendant of Lagus, Laglaes, 
 -ffi (in.). 
 Lais, Lais, -idis (/.). 
 Laiiis, LaiUB, -ii (m.) ; son of Lotus, Laift- 
 
 des. -SB (m.). 
 Lalage, Lalage, -es (/.). 
 Lamia, Lamia, -is (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Lamia, Lamianus, a, -um. — 2. (/-) a 
 city. 
 Lampadius, Lampadius, 11 (n>.). 
 Lampetie, Larapetie, -es (/.) 
 Lamponia, Lamponia, -86 (/.). 
 Lampridia. Lampridia, -sb (/.). 
 Lampridiiis, Lampridius, -ii (nj.j. 
 Lamprus, Lamprus, -i (m.). 
 Lampsacus, Lampsacus, -i (/.), and Lamp- 
 sacum, -i (re.) ; of or belonging to Lamp- 
 sacus, Lampsacene, Lamps&cenns, -a, 
 •um, and Lampsacius, -a, -um. 
 Lampsus, Lampsus, -i (/.) 
 Lampiis, Lampus, -i (to.). 
 Lamus, Lamus, -i (m.). 
 Lanassa, Lanassa, -sa (/.). 
 Lancia, Lancia, -as (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Laiicia, Lancian, Lanciensis, -e. 
 La^igobardi, v. Lombardy. 
 Lanuvium, Lanuvium, -ii (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Lanuvium, Lanuvian, Lanu- 
 vinus, -a, um. 
 Laocoon, Laocoon, -ontis (ra.). 
 Laodamia, L&6damia, -sb {f.f. 
 Laodice, Laodicc, -cb (/.). 
 iModicea, Laftdicea, le (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Laodicea, Laodicensls, e; the in- 
 habitants of Laodicea. Laodiceni. -orum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 taomache, LaSmache, -es (/). 
 
 Lapttudon, Laomedon, -ontis (m.) ; of or 
 btlonging to Lanmedoii. Laomedonte- 
 riA, -a, -um, and Laometiutitius, -a, -um ; 
 730 
 
 L E B 
 
 son of Laomedon, LuuiueJontiadeB, -e 
 (m.). 
 
 Lapathus, Lapathus, -untis (/.). 
 
 Lapitha, Lapitha, -m (/.). 
 
 Lapithz, the, Lapithse, -arom (m.) ; of or 
 relaxing to the Lapitha, LapithcBUS or 
 -theius, -a, -um. 
 
 Lapurdum, Lapurdum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Lapurdum, Lapurdensis, -e. 
 
 Lara, Lara, -sb (/.). 
 
 Larenlia, Larentia, -m (/.) , of or relating 
 to Larentia, Larentalis, -e. 
 
 Lares, the, Lares, ium (m.) ; of or relating 
 to the Lares, Laralis, -e. 
 
 Largius, Largius, -ii (»».). 
 
 Largus, Largus, -i (to.) ; of or relating to 
 Largus, Largianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Larinum, Larinum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Larinum, Larinas, -atis (adj.), 
 and Larinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Larissa, Larissa, -ae (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Larissa, Larissa^us. -a, -um ; the inhab- 
 itants of Larissa, Larissenses, ium (to.). 
 
 Larissus, the, Larissus, -i (to.). 
 
 Larius (Lake), Larius, -ii (m.), Lacus ; of 
 or belonging to (the Lake) Larius, L&- 
 rius, -a, -um. 
 
 Liironia, Laronia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Laronius, Laronius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Lartidius, Lartidius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Lartius, Lartius, -ii («.). 
 
 Lasaa. LassBa, -sb (/.). 
 
 Lasia. Lasia, -SB (/.). 
 
 Lateraniis, Lateranua, -I (m.); Later nn. 
 Lateranus, -a, -um. 
 
 Latinvts, I^atinius, ii (to.). 
 
 Latins, the. v. Latium. 
 
 Latinns. Latinus, -i (to.). 
 
 Latium, Latium, ii (n.) ; of or belonging 
 to Latium, Latin, Latinus, -a, -um; Lft- 
 tius, a. um ; and late Latiniensis, -e ; 
 born in Latium, Latinig6na, ->f (m.) ; 
 the Latins, Latini. -orum (m.). 
 
 Latmus, Latmus, -i ('«.): of or belonging 
 to Latmus, Latmian, Latmius, a. um. 
 
 Latona, Latona, -se (/.); Lato. il^i (/.); 
 of or relating to Latona, Latniiiii -a, 
 •um, and Latonius, a, -um ; son of La- 
 tona, Latoides, ■ai(m.),and l,atnnigena, 
 •SB (to.) ; daughter of Latona. 1 .atois, 
 -Idis; Latonia, -m; and LatoniiiAna. -sa 
 
 Latreus, Latreus, -eos and -ei (m.> 
 
 Latris, Latris, -is (/.). 
 
 Latro, Latro, -onis (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Latro, Latronianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Laud, the. Laud, indecL (to.). 
 
 Laura, Laura, -sb (/.). 
 
 Laurence, Laurens, -entis, and Laurenti- 
 us, -ii (to.). 
 
 Laurentius, Laurentlus, -ii (to.). 
 
 Laurentum, Laurentum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Laurentum, Laurentian, Lau- 
 rens, -entis (adj.) ; Laurentinug, -a, -nm ; 
 and Laurentius, -a, -um. 
 
 Laureolus, Laure61us, -i (m.). 
 
 Lauro, Lauro, -onis (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Lauro, Lauronensis, -e. 
 
 Laurus, Lauras, -i (to.). 
 
 Lans, Laus, dis (/.), Pompeia ; of or re- 
 lating to Laus, Lau^ensis, -e. 
 
 Laus, the, LaUs, -i (m.), v. Policastro 
 
 Lausanne, Lausanna, -sb (/.) ; Lausonl- 
 um, -ii (n.). 
 
 Lausus, Lansus, -i (to.)- 
 
 Lavema, Laverna, -sb (/.) ; of or relating 
 to Laverna, Lavem&lis, -e. 
 
 Lavernium, Lavernium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Lavinia, Lavinia, m (/.). 
 
 Lavinium, Lavinium, -ii (n.), and Lavl- 
 num, -i (n.) : of or belonging to Lavini- 
 um, Lnvivian, Lavinius, -a, -um, and 
 Lavinus, a, •ura ; the inhabitants of La- 
 vinium. Lavlnienses. ium (m.). 
 
 Lavoro (Terra di), Campania, -m (/.). 
 
 Lawrence, v. Laurence. 
 
 Lazarus, LazSrus, -i (m.). 
 
 Leah, Lea, -ae (/.). 
 
 Letena, Lesena, -sb (/.). 
 
 Leander, Lcander and Leandrus, -i (m.) ; 
 of or relating to Leander, Leandrius, -a, 
 -um, and Leandricus, -a, -um. 
 
 Learchns, Learchus, -i (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Lenrchiis, Learcheus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Lebade, Lebade. -es (/.). 
 
 I^badia, Lubedea or dia. -» (/.). 
 
 Lebbehs. Lebbeus. i (m.). 
 
 Lcbedun, Lehedus. i (f.). 
 
 Lebinthus, T.,ebinthus, i (/.). 
 
 LEU 
 
 Leeea, v. Laea. 
 
 Lech, the, Lichus, -i (m.). 
 Lecheum, LechsBum, -i (n), and Lecbfia 
 -arum (/.) ; of or belonging to Leekeuw^ 
 Lechean, I.ecbsBUS, -a, -um. 
 Lectins, Lectins, -ii (to.). 
 Lectum, Lectum, -i (re.). 
 Leda, Leda, -sb, and Lede, -es (/.) ; of «• 
 relating to Leda, Ledseus, -a, -am, an* 
 Ledeius, -a, -um. 
 Ledas, Ledas, -sb (m.). 
 Ledus, Ledus, -i (m.). 
 Leeds, Ledesia, -sb (/.). 
 Leghorn, Libumicus Portus. 
 Leicester, Legecestria, -sb (/.). 
 Leipsic, Lipsia, -ae (/.). 
 Leith, iLetba, -sb (/.). 
 Leleges, the, Leleges, -ub* ',m.^ , of or r* 
 lating to the Leleges, L616geius, -a, -am 
 pecul. fern., Lelegeis, -idis. 
 Lelez, Lglex, -egis (to.). 
 Leman (Lake), v. Oeneva. 
 Lemgo, Lemgovia, -sb (/.). 
 Lemjios, Lemnos, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Lemnos, Lemnian, Lemnius, -a, -um. 
 and LemniacuB, -a, -um ; peeul. /era. 
 Lemnias, -adis ; an inhabitant of Lem- 
 nos, Lemnicola, -sb (m.). 
 Lemovices, Ike, Lemorices, -um (ra.) ; of 
 or belonging to the Lemovicea, LersiTi 
 censis, -e. 
 Lemovicum, Lemovlcum, -1 (n.). 
 Lemovii, the, Lemovii, .orum (m.). 
 Lenas, y. Lanas. 
 Lenius, Lenius, -ii (to.). 
 Lentidiu^, Lentidius, -ii (m.). 
 Lentinus, Lentinus, -i (ra.). 
 Lento, Lento, -onis (m.). 
 Lentulus, Lentulus, -i (m.). 
 Leo, Leo, -onis (ra.). 
 Leoit, Leon, -ontis (m.). 
 Leonard, Leonardus, -i (m.). 
 Leonidas, Leonidas, -as (ra.). 
 Leonides, Leonides, -m (ra.). 
 Leonnatus, Leonnatus, -i (ra.). 
 Leonorius, Leonorius, ii (to.). 
 Leontini, Leontini, -orum (ra.) ; of cr be 
 longing to Leontini, Leontlnus, -a.-um 
 Leoniium, Leontium, -ii (/.). 
 Leontius, Leontius, -ii (to.). 
 Leontopolis, Leontdpolis, -is (/.) ; of or be 
 longing to Leontopolis, Leontopolltes 
 -aa (m.). 
 Leopold, Leopoldus, -i (m.). 
 Leotychides, Leotychides, -sb (to.). 
 Lepanto, Naupactus, -i (/.) ; Qulf of Lt- 
 
 panto. Sinus Corinthiacus. 
 Lepidus, Lepidus, -i (to.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Lepidus, Lepidanus, -a, -uin, and 
 Lepidianus, -a, um. 
 Lepinns, Lepinus, -i (m.). 
 Lepontii. the, Lepontii, -orum (m.) ; of Of 
 belonging to the Lepontii, Leponticas. 
 -a, -um. 
 Lepreon, I^epreon, -i (n.). 
 Lepria, Lepria, -at> (/.). 
 Leprion, Leprion, -ii (n.). 
 Lepta, Lepta, -se («.). 
 Leptines, Leptines, -is («•.). 
 Leptis, Leptis, -is (/.) ; of or belonging te 
 Leptis, Lepticus, -a, -um, an4 Leptica- 
 nus, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Leptis, 
 Leptitani, -orum (ra.). 
 Lerida, Ilerda, -as (/.), q. v. 
 Lerina, Lerina, -sb (/.). 
 Lema, Lema, -se, and Leme, -e« (/.); of 
 or belongiiig to Lerna, Lemsens, -a, -um. 
 Lero, Lero, -flnis (/.). 
 Leros, Leros. -i (/.). 
 Lesbia, Lesbia, -sb (/.). 
 Lesbos, Lesbos and Lesbus, -! (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Lesbos, Lesbian, Lesbius, 
 -a, -van ; Lesbous. -a. -um ; and Lesbii- 
 cus, -a, -um ; pecul. fern., Lesbias, -Sdis. 
 and Lesbis, idis. 
 Lessina, Eleusis, -inis (/.), q. t. 
 Lethe, the. Lethe, .es (/.I ; of or reuUiTi^ 
 to the Lethe, Lethean, Lethsns. -a, -um. 
 Lethon, the, Lethon, -onis (ra.). 
 
 Letus, Letus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Lcuca. Leuca, -sb (/.). 
 
 Leucadia, Leucadia, -m (/.), and Leucas 
 -ftdis (/.) ; of or belonging to Leucadia 
 Leucadius, -a, -um ; pecul. wuue., Leo 
 Gates, -SB. 
 
 Levca, LeucsB, -arum (/.). 
 
 Leucates (Cape), LencStes, -« (•.t
 
 u I M 
 
 Ltuce, Lence, -es (/.). 
 
 Leuci, the, Leuci, orum (m.; ; llu country 
 of the I,KHci, Leucia, •» (/.). 
 
 Leucippe, Leucippe, -es (/.). 
 
 Leucippus, Leucippus, -i (m.) ; daughter 
 of Leucipput, Leucippia, -Idia (/). 
 
 Leucon, Leucon, -oais (m.). 
 
 Leuconoe, Leuconoe, -es (/.)■ 
 
 Leucopetra, Leucopetra, -a) (/.)■ 
 
 Leucopkryna, Leucophryna, ■» (/.) 
 
 Leucopolis, Leuc6p61ia, -is (f.). 
 
 Leucosia, Leucdsia, -sb if.). 
 
 Leucosyri, the, Leucosyn, •orum (n».). 
 
 Leucolhea, Leuc6tbea, -8B (/.). 
 
 Leiicdihie, Leucoth6e, -es (/■)• 
 
 Leuctra, Leuctra, -orum (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Leuctra, Leuctricua, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Levaci, the, Levaci, -oi-um (m.). 
 
 Levadia, L6badea, -v: (/.). 
 
 Lecana, Levana, -m (/.). 
 
 Levant, the, Oriena, -entis (m.). 
 
 Levi, Levi, indecl. (m.), but ace. Levlm. 
 
 Leviathan, Leviathan, indecl. (ro.). 
 
 Leviticus, Leviticus, -i (m.). 
 
 Levsina, v. Lessina. 
 
 Lewes, Lesua, -aj (/.). 
 
 Lewis, Ludovicus, -i (m.). 
 
 Lexovii, the, Lexovii, -orum (m.). 
 
 Leyden, Lugdunum, -i (7!.), Batavorum. 
 
 Libanus (Mount), LibSnua, -i (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to Libanus, Lib^us, -a, -um ; 
 pecul.fem., Libanitia, -Idia. 
 
 Liber, Liber, -eri (m.). 
 
 Libera, Libera, -« (/.). 
 
 Libethra, Libethra,-aj (/.),(!'( r/ Libetlirua, 
 -i (m.) ; of or belonging to Libethra, Li- 
 bethris, -idia (fern, adj.), usual in plural, 
 of Muses. 
 
 Libcthrum, Libethrum, -i (n.). 
 
 Libo, Libo, -onis (m.). 
 
 Liburnia, Libumia, -ae (/) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Liburnia, Libumicua. -a, -um, 
 and Liburnus, -a, -um ; the Libumians, 
 Libumi, orum (wi.). 
 
 Libya. Libya, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Libya. Libyan, Libycua, -a, -um ; Libys- 
 tinus, -a, -um ; pecul. mase., Libya, -yos, 
 and Liba, -ihia,fem., Libyasa, -sb, and 
 Libystis, -idis ; the Libyans, Libyea, -um, 
 and Liljyi, -orum (ra.). 
 
 Licaitius, Licentius, -il (m.). 
 
 Licenza, the, Digcntia, -sb (m.). 
 
 Licerius, Licerius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Lichades (islands), Lichadea, -um (/.). 
 
 Lichas, Licbaa, •» (m.). 
 
 Licinia, Licinia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Lidnianus, Licinianus, -i (.m.). 
 
 Licinius, Licinius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Licinius, Licinius, -a, -um, and Li- 
 cinianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Licinus, Licinua, -i (w.). 
 
 Licymnia, Licymnia, -bb (/.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Licymnia, Licymnius, -a, -um. 
 
 Liddesdale, Lidalia. ->e (/.). 
 
 Liege, Leodicum or Leodium, -il (m.) ; of 
 Liege, Leodicenaia, -e. 
 
 Liffey. the, Avenliftiius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Ligarins, Ligariua, -ii (rn.) ; of or relating 
 to Ligarius, Ligarianua, -a, -um. 
 
 Ligdus, Ligdus, -i (m.). 
 
 Ligea. Ligea, -as (/.). 
 
 Liger. the, Liger, -eris (n».) ; of or relating 
 to the Liger, Ligfiricua, -a, -um. 
 
 Lignitz, Lignitia, -aa (/.). 
 
 Ligny, Ligneum, -ei (n.). 
 
 Ligur, Ligur, -Oria (m.). 
 
 Liguria, Ligiiria, -eb (/.) ; of Liguria, Li- 
 gurian, Ligur, -uris (adj.) ; Liguaticua, 
 -a, -um : and Ligurlnus, -a, -um ; pecni. 
 fern., Ligustia, -idia ; the Liguriant, Li- 
 gurea, -um (m.). 
 
 Ligurius, Ligtiriua, -ii (m.). 
 
 Ligusiinus, Ligustinua, -i (m.). 
 
 Lilybctum, Lilybteum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Lilybeeum, Lilybreua, -a, -um ; 
 Lilybeius, -a, -um; and LilybcBt&nua, 
 •a, -um. 
 
 Limn, Lima, -sb (/.). 
 
 Ltmburg, Liraburgum, -i (n.) ; of Lim- 
 burg, Limburgensia. -e. 
 
 Limera, Limera, -sb (/.). 
 
 Limerick, Liraericum. -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Limerick, Limericends, -e. 
 
 Limia, Limia, -it (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Limia, Limicua, -a, -um. 
 Limnaa, Limnsea, -m (/.). 
 Limoges. Augustoritum, -i (».). 
 Cimonum, LSmonum, -i (n.). 
 
 LUC 
 
 Limyra, Lfmyra, -a;, and Limyre, ■•la (/.), 
 and Limyra. -orum (n.) 
 
 Lincoln, Lindura, i (».); Lincoluia, -aa 
 if.); of or belonging to Lincoln, Lin- 
 coliiienais, -e. 
 
 Lindau, Lindovia, -se (/.). 
 
 Lindus, Lindua, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Liridus, Lindiua, -a, -um. 
 
 Lingen, Linga, -sb (/.). 
 
 Lingones, the, Lingonea, -um (m.) ; of or 
 relating to the Lingones, Ling6uicus, -a, 
 -um, and Lingoneneia, -e. 
 
 Linus, LtnuB, -i (m.). 
 
 Lionel, Leontllua, -i (m.). 
 
 Lipara, \ Lip4ra, -sb, and Lipftre, -ei (/.) ; 
 
 Lipari, J of or relating to Lipara, Lipa- 
 rean, Liparajua, -a, -um ; Liparensia, -c ; 
 a7td Liparitanua. -a, -um ; the Lipari 
 Islands, jEolisB IdsuIsb. 
 
 Liparus, Liparus, -i (m.). 
 
 Lippe, the, LQpia, -sb (m.). 
 
 Lirinus, Lirinua, -i (/.); of or belonging 
 to Lirinus, Lirinenais, -e. 
 
 Liriope, Liri6pe, -ea (/.). 
 
 Liris, the, Liria, -ia (m.) ; the dtcellers on 
 the Liris, Lirinatea, -um or -ium («•.). 
 
 Lisbon, Olisipo, -onis (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Lisbon, Oliaiponensie, -e. 
 
 Lirieux, Lexovium, -ii (n.). 
 
 ListTKz, Lisina;, arum (/.). 
 
 Lissum, Liasum, -i (n.). 
 
 Litana, Litana, eb (/.). 
 
 Litemum. Litemum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Litemum, Litemus. -a, -um, and 
 Liteminus, -a. -um. 
 
 Litemus, the, Litemua, -i (m.). 
 
 Litubium, Litubiura, -ii (n.). 
 
 Livadia, Bceotia, -sb (/.) ; Hellaa, -a'h^ 
 (/.); Lake of Livadia, Copais i,acu=, 
 q. T. 
 
 Livia, Livia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Livianus, Liviftnu.*. -i (m.) 
 
 Livias, Liviaa, -adis (/.). 
 
 Lirilla, Livilla, -sb (/.). 
 
 Livineius. Livineius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Livius, Linua, -ii (m.) : of or helnugmg to 
 Livius, Liviua, -a, -um, and I.ivianua, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Livonia, Livonia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Livy, Liviua, -ii (m.), q. v. 
 
 Locri, the, Locri, -orum (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Locri, Locrensis. -e ; the 
 country of the Locri, Locria, -idia (/.). 
 — 2. Locri, -orum (m.), a city ; of Locri, 
 Locrensis, -e. 
 
 Locris, T. foregoing. 
 
 Loeutius, Locutiua, -ii (m.). 
 
 Lodi, LauB, -audis (/.), Pompeia. 
 
 Loire, the, Liger, -gris (m.), q. T. 
 
 Lois, Lois, -idis (/.). 
 
 LoUia, Lollia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Lollianus, LoUianus, -i (m.). 
 
 Lollius, LoUiua, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Lollius, Lollianua, -a, -um. 
 
 Lombardy, Langobardia, -sb (/.) ; the Lom- 
 bards, Langobardi, -orum (m.) ; Lom- 
 bard, Langobardus, -a, -um. 
 
 London, Lundinium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to London, Londinieneia, -e; New 
 London, Novum Londinium. 
 
 Londonderry, Robertum, -i (n.). 
 
 Long Island, Macria, -idis (/.), 8c insula. 
 
 Longarenus, Longarenus, -i (m.). 
 
 Longford, Longotordia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Longinus, Longlnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Longula, Longxila, -eb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Longula, LongulSnus, -a, -um. 
 
 Longuntica, Longuntica, -sb (/.). 
 
 Longus, Longua, -i (m.). 
 
 Loracina, the, Loracina, -eb (m.). 
 
 Lorch, Lauri&cum, -i (n.). 
 
 Lorium, Lorium, Ii (n.), and Lorii, -orum 
 
 Loryma, Loryma, -orum (n.). 
 Lot. Lot or Loth, indecl. (m.). 
 Lothian, Laudania. -sb (/.). 
 Lotophagi, the, Lotophagi, -orum and -On 
 
 (m.) ; the land of the Lotophagi, Lotoph- 
 
 agitis, -idis (/.). 
 Louis, Ludovlcua, -i (m.). 
 Louisa, Ludo\ica, -is (/.). 
 Low Countries. Gallia Belglca (/) 
 Lua, Lua, -m (/.). 
 Lubeck, Lubecum, -1 (».). 
 Luea, Luca, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Luea, Lucensia, -e; the inkabitantt (^ 
 
 Luca, Lucenses. -ium (m.). 
 Lucagus. LOcagUis -i (»».). 
 Lucan, Lucanus. -i (m.>. 
 
 L Y C 
 
 Lucania. Lucania, -se (/.) ; oj jr belong 
 
 ing to Lucania, Lucaniau, Lucauut, •« 
 
 -um, and late LucanicuB, -a, -um. 
 Lucas, V. Luke. 
 Lucca, Luca, -ee (/.). q. T. 
 Lucceia, Lucceia, -u) (/.). 
 Lucceius, Lucceius, -ii (■».). 
 Luceium, Luceium. -ii (n.). 
 Lucentum, Lucentum, -i (n.) , of or Iter 
 
 longing to LuceJ.um, Lucendoa, -& 
 
 ■um. 
 Luceria, Luc6rii * f); of or belonging 
 
 to Lueeria, Luc: rjnua, -a, -um. 
 Lucerne, Luceria. -a?. a»<.' l.ucema, -» 
 
 (/•) ; °f Lucerne, Luceruuu«i8, -e ; Ca* 
 
 ton of Lvcerne, Pagu- '.ucemensiB. 
 Lucetiiu, Luc-ftr-og ii (tn., 
 Lucia, Lucia. •* (/.). 
 Lucilidnus, Lucilianus. -i (m.). 
 Lucilius. Lucflius. -ii (m.) ; ojf or relating 
 
 to Lurilins, LucUi&nus, -a, -am. 
 Lucilla, Lucilla, -sb (/.). 
 Lucilius, LucilluB, -i (m.). 
 Lucina, Lucina, -m (f). 
 Luciola, Luciola, -ae (j.). 
 Luciolus Luci61us, -i (m.). 
 Lucius, Lucius, -ii (m.). 
 Lucretia, Lucretia, bb (/.). 
 Lucretilis (Mount), Lucretilis, -la (m.) ; o) 
 
 or belonging to Lucretilis, LucretiUnua. 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Lucretius, Lucretius, -ii (m.) ; of or be 
 
 longing to Lucretius, Lucretianua. -a. 
 
 -um. 
 Lucrine (Lake), the, Lucrlnua, -i (ra.), La- 
 
 cua : of or relating to the Lucrine Lake, 
 
 LucrinuB, -a, -um, and Lucrlnenais, -e. 
 Luctatius, T. Lutalius. 
 LucuUus, Lucullus, -i (m.) ; t.f or relating 
 
 to Lueullus, LucuUanua, -a, -um ; Lu 
 
 cullianus, -a, -um, and Luculleus, -a. 
 
 •um. 
 Lucumo, LQcQmo, -6nis (m.). 
 Lucus, Lucus, -i (m.). 
 Lucy, Lucia, -eb (/.). 
 Lugano, Lucanum, -i (n.) ; Logo di Lm 
 
 gano, Cereaius Lacus. 
 Lugdunum, Lugdunum, -i (n.^ ; of or ^ 
 
 longing to Lugdunum, I^ugdOoeDsiB, -• 
 Luke, Lucas, -as (in.). 
 Luna, Luna, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging m 
 
 Luna, Lunensis, -e 
 Lund, Londinium, -ii (ii.), Scandinorum 
 
 Lunda. -a; (/.), Gothorum. 
 Luneburg, LunsBburgum, -i (».). 
 Lunus. Lunus, -i (m.). 
 Lupercal, Lupercal, -Uis (n.). 
 Lupercus, Lupercua, -i (m.). 
 Lupia, the, Lfipia, -bb (m.). 
 Lupinus, Lupinua, -i (m.). 
 Lupus. Lilpus, -i (m.). 
 Lurco, Lurco, -onia (m.). 
 Lurda, the. Lurda, -s (ai.). 
 Lusatia, Lusatia. -sb (f). 
 Luscienus, Luscienus, -1 (».). 
 Liiscinus, Luacinua, -i (m.). 
 Luscius, Lusciua, -ii (m.). 
 Luscus, Luscua, -i (m.). 
 Liisignan, Lusignanum, -I (n.). 
 Lusitania. Lusitania, -m (/■); of or b» 
 
 longing to Lusitania, Ltisitanian, Lual 
 
 tanus, -a, -um. 
 Lusins, the, Lusiua, -ii (m.). 
 Lutalius. Lutatius, -ii (m.) ; of or beiortg 
 
 ing to Lutatius, Lutatianus, -a. -um, ana 
 
 Lutatiua, -a, -um. 
 Lntctia, Lutetia, -aa (/.). 
 Lutorius, Lutoriua, -ii (m.). 
 Luximburg, Augusta Komanduorum : I.u- 
 
 cilmsgum, -i (n.). 
 Lnzueii, Luxovium, -ii (n.) ; of LuxncH, 
 
 Luxovienaia, -e. 
 Lyacura, Lycoreus, -ei (M.). 
 Lycabns, Lycftbas, -a? (m.). 
 Lycabettus, Lycabetrus, -i (m.). 
 Lycaus (Mount), Lycieus, -1 (m.) ; of tt 
 
 belongine to Lycaus. I,yca;U8. -a. -mn. 
 Lycambes, Lycambes, •»- "> \ -. of or relat- 
 ing to Lycambes, Lycambeeua or beut, 
 
 •a. -um. 
 Lycaon, Lycaon, -6ni8 (m.); of or relating 
 
 to Lycaon, LycaOnius. -a, -um ; daugh. 
 
 ter of Lycaon, Lycidnis, -idia (/.). 
 Lycannia, Lyca6nia, -» (/.) ; the inkabif 
 
 ants of Lycaonia. LycaSnes, -um («,) 
 
 Lycaonian, Lyca6niU8, -a, •am. 
 Lycaste, Lycaste, -es (/). 
 Lyeastus, Lycastus, -i (/.). 
 Lyce, Lyce, -es (/.).
 
 MAC 
 
 Lyceum, Lyceum, -i (n.). 
 
 Lychnidus, Lychnidus, -i (/.). 
 
 Lycia, Lycia, -a) (/.) ; of Lycia. Lyciat 
 Lycius, -a, -um. 
 
 Lycidas, Lycidas, -as (»i.)- 
 
 Lycisca, Lycisca, -» (/.). 
 
 Lyciscus, Lyciscus, -i (tn.). 
 
 Lycv, Lyco, -onis (ra.). 
 
 Lyco'tiides, Lycomedes, -is (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Lycomedes, Lycomedeus, -a, 
 •um. 
 
 Lfcon, Lycon, -onis (/.), a city.— 2. (tn.) 
 a man's name. 
 
 Lycophron, Lycophron, -onis (to.). 
 
 Lfeopolig, Lycopolis, -is (/.) of or be- 
 longing to Liicopolis, Lycopolitanus, -a, 
 -um ; pccul. viasc, LycopoUtes, -se. 
 
 Lycorias, Lycorias, -adis (/.). 
 
 Lycoris, Lycoris, -idis (/.). 
 
 Lycormas, Lycormas, -bb (m.). 
 
 Lycortas, Lycortas, -sb (m.). 
 
 hycotas, Lycotas, -bb («.). 
 
 l4yctus, Lyctus, -i (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Lyctus, Lyctius, -a, -um. 
 
 Lycurgus, Lycurgus, -i (m.) , of or belong- 
 ing to Lycurgus, Lycurgeus, -a, -um ; 
 son of Lycurgus, Lycurgldes, -8B (Jn.). 
 
 Lyons, Lycus, -i (m.). 
 
 Lydda, Lydda, -33 (/.). 
 
 Lyde, Lyde, -es (/.). 
 
 Lydia, Lydia, -as (/.), a female name. — 2. 
 a country ; of or belongiiig to Lydia, 
 Lydian, Lydius, -a, -um, and Lydus, -a, 
 -um ; the Lydians, Lydi, -orum (to.). 
 
 Lygdamus, Lygdamus, -i (m.). 
 
 Lymne, Lemanus, -i, and Lemanis, -is, 
 Portus (TO.). 
 
 Lyncest<B, the, Lyncestis, -arum (m.) ; of 
 or belonging to the Lyncesta, Lynces- 
 tus, -a, -um ; and Lyncestius (to.), Lyn- 
 cestis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Lynceus, Lynceus, -eos and -ei (m.) ; of or 
 relating to Lynceus, Lynceus, -a, -um ; 
 son of Lynceus, Lyncides, -m (to.). 
 
 Lyncus, Lyncus, -i (m.). 
 
 Lynn, v. Lymne. 
 
 Lyons, Lugdunum, -i (ra.), /Bduonim , the 
 Lyonnois or district d^nintd Lyons, Lug- 
 dunensis Ager ; of on nelonging to Ly- 
 ons, Lugdunetisis, -e ; Gulf of Lyons, 
 Sinus Ligusticus. 
 
 Lyrnessus, Lyrnessus, -i (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Lyrnessus, Lyrnessius, -a, 
 •um ; pccul. fern., Lyrnessis, -idis, and 
 Lyrnessias, -adis. 
 
 Lysander, Lysander, -dri (m.). 
 
 Lysanias, Lysanias, -sb (to.). 
 
 Lysias, Lysias, -aj (to.), man's name ; of or 
 relating to Lysias, Lysiacus, a, -um ; 
 son of Lysias, Lysiades, -ffl (/«.). — 2. Ly- 
 sias, -adis (/.), a city. 
 
 Lysidicus, Lysidicus, -i (m.). 
 
 Lysimachia, Lysimachia, -ee (/.) ; of or be- 
 Umging to Lysimachia, Lysimacbien- 
 sis, 8. 
 
 Lysimachus, Lysim&chus, -i (tn.). 
 
 Lysinoe, Lysinoe, es (/.). 
 
 Lyeippus, Lysippus, i (?«.). 
 
 Lysis, Lysis, -idis (to.), a man't name. — 2. 
 Lysis, -is (to.), a river. 
 
 Lysistratus, Lysistratus, -i (m.). 
 
 Lyso, Lyso, -onis (to.). 
 
 Lystra, Lystra, -m (/.) ; Lystra, -orum 
 (n.) ; and Lystraj, -arum (/.) ; the in- 
 habitants of Lystra, Lystreai, -orum 
 
 (IB.). 
 
 Lytrotes, LytrOtes, -aa (m.). 
 
 ni. 
 
 Haas, the, v. Mcuse. 
 Mabel, Mabilia, -sb, or Amabilis, -is (/.). 
 Maca, the, Macae, -arum (to.). 
 Macareus, Macareus, -eos and -ei (to.) ; 
 daughter of Micareus, Macareis, -idis 
 
 Macarta, Macaria, ■»• (/.). 
 
 Macarius, Macarius, -ii (m.). 
 
 M&catua, Macatus, -i (to.). 
 
 Maccabceus. Maccabwus, -i (ra.) ; tht Mac- 
 cabees, Maccabwi, -orum. 
 
 Uacedon, {Macedonia, -?e (/.) ; of or be- 
 
 Macedonia, J longing to Macedonia, Mac- 
 edonian, Macedonicus, -a, -um ; Mace- 
 d6nius, -a, -um ; and poet., Maceddnien- 
 eie, -e; pecul. masc, Macedo, -dnis; a 
 Macedonian, Macedo, -dnis (m.) ; th 
 Macedonians. Macedones, -um. 
 
 Hactdon, Macfidon, -6nis (?«.), a man's 
 73S> 
 
 MAG 
 
 name ; of or relating to Macedon, Mace- 
 donianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Macella, Macella, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Macella, Macellinus, a, -um. 
 
 Macellinus, Macellinus, -i (to.). 
 
 Macer, Macer, -cri (m.). 
 
 Macharus, Machsrus, -untis (/.). 
 
 Machaon, Machaon, -onis (to.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Machaon, Machaonicus, -a, 
 -um, and Machaonius, -a, -um. 
 
 Macistus, Macistus, -i (to.). 
 
 Macra, Macra, -sb (/.), an island. — 2. (to.) 
 a river. 
 
 Macrianus, Macriunua, -i (m.). 
 
 Macrinus, Macrinus, i (to.). 
 
 Macris, Macris, -Idis (/.). 
 
 Macro, Macro, -onis (to.). 
 
 Macrobii, the, Macrobii, -orum (to.). 
 
 Macrobius, Macrobius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Macrones, the, Macrones, -um (to.). 
 
 Maeronisi, Helena, -«b, and Macris, -idis 
 
 Macula, Macula, -bb (to.). 
 
 Madagascar, Hannonis Insula, -b (/.). 
 
 Madauri, Madauri, -orum (to.) ; of or he- 
 longing to Madauri, Madaurensis, -a. 
 
 Madeira {Islands), the, Purpurarias Insu- 
 l8B (/.). 
 
 Madian, Madian, indecl. (/.), v. Midian. 
 
 Madoch, Madocus, -i (to.). 
 
 Madras, Melange, -es (/.). 
 
 Madrid, Mantua, -SB (/.), Carpetanorum ; 
 Madritum, -i (n.). 
 
 Maduateni, Maduateni, -orum (to.). 
 
 Madyius, Madytus, -i (/.). 
 
 Mttander, the, Mseander or Majandrus, -i 
 (m.) ; of or relating to the M<eander, 
 Masandrius, -a, -um, aJid MsBandricue, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Meeandria, Mseandria, -88 (/.). 
 
 Macenas, Maecenas, -atis (to.) , of or re- 
 lating to Macenas, Meecenatianus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Meecia, Mascia, -se (,f.f. 
 
 MacUius, Msecilius, -li (to.) 
 
 Mticius, MaBcius, -ii (m.). 
 
 M<tdi, the, Msedi, -orum (m.) ; oj or relat- 
 ing to the Main, Msedicus, -a, -um. 
 
 Melius, Mffilius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating to 
 M<elius, Mselius, -a, -um, and Mselianus, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Mcenalus {Mount), Msenala, -orum (».) ; 
 Maanalus, -i (m.) ; of or belonging to 
 Manalus, Msenilius, -a, -um ; pecul. 
 masc, Msenalides, -sb ; fern., Msenalis, 
 -Idis. 
 
 Manaria, Msenaria, -aa (/.). 
 
 Mtenius, Maenius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Manius, Msenianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Manoba, Ma;noba, -sb (/.). 
 
 Maon, Mason, -onis (to.). 
 
 Mtednes, the, Maiones, -um (to.) ; the coun- 
 try of the M(tones, Misonia, Mcefinia, -sb 
 (/.); of Maonia, Maonian, Masonius, -a, 
 -um ; Mason, -onis, and Meednldes, -bb 
 (TO.) ; Maionis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Mttotis {Lake), MsBOtis, -idis (/. ), Palus ; 
 also, MasoQs {absol.) ; Maeotica Palus ; 
 Maeoticus Lacus ; and Mseotides Palu- 
 des ; of or belonging to Lake Maotis, 
 Maoiic, Maeoticus and Maeotius, -a, -um; 
 the dwellers on or around the Maotis, 
 MseotBB, -arum, and Masotidaa, -arum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Mtera, Msera, -sb (/.). 
 
 Mastricht, Trajectum, -1 («.), ad Mosam. 
 
 Mavia, MsBvia, -» (/.). 
 
 Mavius, Mfflvius, ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Mtevius, Masvianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Magdala, Magdala, -sb (/.), and Magda- 
 lum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging to Magda- 
 la, Magdalene, Magdalene, -es (/.). 
 
 Magdalene. Magdalena, -sb, and Magdale- 
 ne, -es {f),fem. proper name, but x. fore- 
 going. 
 
 Magdeburg, Magdeburgum, -i (n.); of 
 Magdeburg, Magdeburgensis, -e. 
 
 Mageddo, Mageddo, indecl. (/.) ; the in- 
 habitants of Magcddo, MageddsB, -arum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Magetobria, Magetobria, -ee (/.). 
 
 Maggiore (Logo), Verbanus, -i (m.), La- 
 cus. 
 
 Magia, Magia, -88 (/.). 
 
 Magius, Magius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Magnenlius, Magnentins, -ii (m.) ; the par- 
 tisans of Magneutius, Magnentiani, 
 -orum (to.). 
 
 Marines Maj^es. -fitis (m'> 
 
 M A N 
 
 Magnesia, Magnesia, -w (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Magnesia, Magnesiau, Magnesl 
 us, a, -um ; Magneticus, -a, -um ; Mag 
 nes, -etis (to.) ; and Magnessa, -le (/.) ; 
 the inhabitants of Magnesia, Magnetea 
 •um (TO.). 
 
 Magnus, Magnus, -i (to.). 
 
 Mago, Mago, -dnis (m.). 
 
 Magog, Magog, indecl. (to.). — 2. (/.) • 
 ciiy. 
 
 Magontiacum, Magontiacum, -i (n.). 
 
 Magra, the, Macra, -a) (to.). 
 
 Magrada, the, Magrada, -as (to.). 
 
 MaguUa, MaguUa, -as (/.) ; of o' belong 
 ing to MaguUa, MaguUinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Magus, Magus, -i (m.). 
 
 Maherbal, Maherbal, -alls (to.). 
 
 Mahon {Port), Magonis Portus (to.) ; some 
 times Magf , -onis. 
 
 Maia, Maia, -sb (/.) ; son of Maia, Maii 
 des, -SB (TO.), and Maiugena, -m (to.). 
 
 Maidstorie, Madus, -i (/.). 
 
 Main, the, Masnus or Moenus, .i (m.). 
 
 Maine, Cenomanja, •as (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Maine, Cenomanensis, -e ; the in- 
 habitants of Maine, Cenomanni, -orum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Maius, Maius, .ii (to.). 
 
 Majorian, Majorianus, •i (to.). 
 
 Majorca, Balearis Major or Balearium Ma^ 
 jor (/.) ; Majorica, •» (/.), late. 
 
 Malabar, Male, -es (/.). 
 
 Malacca, Aurea Cliersonesus. 
 
 Malaca, ? Malaca, -as {fT) ; of or belong 
 
 Malaga, > ing to Malaca. Malacita&ua, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Malachi, Malacbias, -as (to.). 
 
 Malchinus, Malchinus, i (to.). 
 
 Malchio, Malcbio, -onis {tn.). 
 
 Malchus, Malchus, -i (to.). 
 
 Maiden, Camaldunum, -i (n.). 
 
 Malea, Malea, -sb (/.) ; of or relating te 
 Malea, Maleoticus, -a, -um, and Maleus 
 or Malius, -a, -um. 
 
 Malevenlum, Maleventum, -i {n.). 
 
 Malians, the, Malies, -etn (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Malians, Malian, Malia- 
 cus, •a, •um ; Maliensis, -e ; and Malius 
 •a, um ; the Malian Oulf, Maliacus Si 
 nus. 
 
 Malleolus, Malleolus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Main, the, Malli, -orum (m.). 
 
 Mallia, Mallia, -as (/.). 
 
 Mallivs, Mallius, -ii (to.) ; of or rtlaling tc 
 Mallius, Mallius, -a, -um. 
 
 Mallaa, Malloea, -se (/.). 
 
 Malius, Malius or Mallos, •i (/.) , of or be- 
 longing to Malius, MallOtes, a- (to.). 
 
 Malmsbury, Maldunense Coencbium. 
 
 Malta, Melita, sb (/.), q. v. 
 
 Malthace, Malthace, es (/.). 
 
 MaUhiiius, Malthinus, -i (to.). 
 
 Mambre, Mambre, indecl., and Mambra 
 
 ■» (/•)■ 
 
 Mamercinus, Mamercinus, -l (f».). 
 
 Mamercus, Mamercus, i (ra.). 
 
 Mamertines, the, Mamertini, •orum (■•.), 
 Mamertine, Mamertluus, •a, -um. 
 
 Mamertus, Mamertus, .i (to.). 
 
 Mamilia, Mamilia, .bb (/.). 
 
 Mamiiius, Mamilius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Mamilius, Mamilianus, -a, -una. 
 
 Mammaa, Mammsea, -ed (/.) ; uf or relat- 
 ing to Mammaa, MammBeanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Mamortha, Mamortha, -as (/.). 
 
 Mamuriut, Mamurlus, -ii (to.). 
 
 Mamurra, Mamurra, -bb (to.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Mamurra, Mamurranus, -a, -um. 
 
 Man {Isle of), Mona, -as (/.), Insula 
 
 Manasses, Manasses, -bb, and Manasse, in- 
 decl. (to.). 
 
 Manastabal, Manastabal, -alis im.). 
 
 Manchester, Mancunium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Mancia, Mancia, -as (to.). 
 
 Mancinus, Manclnus, i (to.) ; of or be 
 longing to Mancinus, Mancinianus, -a 
 -um. 
 
 Mandela, Mandela, -as ( /.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Mandela, Mandelanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Mandonius, Mandonius, •ii (m.). 
 
 Mandrocles, Mandrocles, -is (ra.). 
 
 Mandropolis, Mandropolb, -is (/.). 
 
 Mandubii, Mandubii, .orum (m.). 
 
 Manduria, Manduria, -»> (/.). 
 
 Manes, Manes, •etis (to.) ; the follow »/ 
 Manes, Manlchasi, •orum (m.). 
 
 Manetho, Manetho, •onis (m.). 
 
 Manfredonia, Manfredonia, •as {/■)■ 
 
 Manheim. ManViemium. -ii (a.)
 
 M A K 
 
 itania. Maniu, -te (/.). 
 
 Manichaans, the, v. Manes. 
 
 Manicius, .Manicius, -ii (m.)- 
 
 Mcnilia, Maniliii, -m (/.). 
 
 Manilius, Mauilius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Munillus, Maiiiliiinus, -a, -um 
 Manilla, Lusonia. « (/.) ; tke Manilla 
 
 Islands, Lusonitu InsuliU. 
 Manius. Miiiius, -ii {m.), 
 Manlius, Maiilius, ii (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Maiilias. Manlius, -a, -um, and 
 Manliaiiug, a, -um. 
 Mannus, Mannus, i (."*.)• 
 Mans/eld, Mansi'eldia, -as (/.) ; of Mans- 
 
 feld, Mansfeldensis, -e. 
 Mantiuea, Mantiiiea, -m (/.). 
 Manto, Manto, -Us (/.)• 
 Maniun, Mantua, -m (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Mautita, MaiUuaii. Mantuanua, -a, 
 -um. 
 Maniiirna. Manturna, -ie (/.). 
 Maracanda, iMaracanda, -orum («.)■ 
 Marailie, Marathe, -es (/.) , of or belong- 
 ing to Marathe, Marathenud, -a, -um. 
 Marathon, Marathon, -onis (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Marathon, Marathoniua, -a, 
 •um ; peciil. fern., Marathonis, -idis. 
 Marathus, Maratlius, -i (nt.), a man's name. 
 — ^2. or Marathos, -i (/.), a city. — 3. Mar- 
 itlius, -untis (/.), another city. 
 Marbach, Collis Peregrinorum ; Marbach- 
 
 ium, -ii (;i.). 
 Marhury. Amasia, -m (/.), Cattonim ; Mat- 
 
 tium, -ii (tt.). 
 Marceila, Marcella, -as (/.). 
 Marcellwa, Marcellina, -« (/.). 
 MareellimLs, Marcellinue, -i (m.). 
 Marcellus, Marcellua, -i (ra.) , of or relat- 
 ing to Marcellus, Marcelliftnus. -a, um. 
 Marih, the. Marus, -i (to.). 
 Marrhubii, the, Marchubii, -orum (m.). 
 Marcia, Marcia, -as (/.). 
 Jtarcianopnlis, Marciandpdlis, is (/.). 
 Marcian, Marcianug, -i (m.). 
 liarcilius. Marcilius. -ii (to.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Marcilius, Marcilianus, -a, -um. 
 Marcton, Marcion, -ftnis (nt.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Marcion, Marcionengis. -e ; masc. 
 sdj., Marcionita or -ista, -as. 
 Marcius, Marcius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Marcius, Marcius, -a, -um, and Mar- 
 cianus, -a, -um. 
 Marcodurum, Marcodurum, -I (».). 
 Itarcolica, Marcolica, -ee (/.). 
 Marcomanni, the, Marcomanni, -orum 
 (m.) ; the country of the Marcomanni, 
 Marcomannia, -as (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to the Marcomanni, Marcomannicua, -a, 
 •nm. 
 Marcus, Marcus, -i (m.). 
 Mardi, the, Mardi, -orum (tn.). 
 liardocJuBus, Mardocheeus, -1 (<*.). 
 Uardoniua, Mardonius, -ii (m.). 
 liardns, the, Mardus, -i (m.). 
 Marea, Marea, ■» (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 itarea, Mareotic, Mareotieus, -a. -um , 
 peait. fern., Mareotis, -Idis ; tJie Mareol 
 tc Lake, Mareotis, -idis (/.^, absol., mnd 
 ■ Mareotis Palus ; the inhabuanta of Ma- 
 rea, Maredtffi, -arum (to.). 
 Uargiana, MargiSna, -sb (/.). 
 Margum, Margum, -i («.). 
 Maria, Maria, -» (/.). 
 Mariandyni, the, Mariandyni, -orum (n».) ; 
 of or belonging to the Mariandynt. Ma- 
 riandynus, -a, -um. 
 Mari*nus, Marianua, -i («.). 
 Marica, Marica, -sb (/.). 
 Maricas, Maricas, -m (tn.). 
 Maricus, Maricus, -i (w.). 
 Marina, Marina, -«e (/.). 
 Marinus, Maiinus, -i (m.). 
 Maritza, ttte, Hebrus, -i (to.) 
 Marius, Marius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Marius, Marianus, -a, -um. 
 Mark, Marcus, -i (m.). 
 Mmrlborotigk, Cunetio, -onis (/.). 
 Marmara, Proconnesus, -i (/.) ; Sea of 
 
 Marmara, Propontia, -Idis (/.). 
 Marmaduke. Marmaducua, -i, and Valen- 
 
 tinianus, -i cm.). 
 Marmarica, Marm&rlca, -bb (/.); of or be- 
 longing to Marmarica, Marmarfcua, -a, 
 •nm ; an inhabitant of Mnrmnrica, Mar- 
 m&ridcs, -as (m.). 
 Mame, the, Matr6na, -ea (to.). 
 Uaro, M&ro, -onis (to.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Mara, Maronianus, -a, -am. 
 limroboduits, Maroboduua, -i (at.). 
 
 M AU 
 
 Marocco, Maurocitcnum, -i t»-) ; Maroc- 
 
 canum Regnum. 
 Maronea, Maronea, -as (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Maronea, Maroneus, -a, -um ; pe- 
 cul. masc, Maronites, -m. 
 Maronilla, Maronilla, -» (/.). 
 Maronillus, Maronillus, -i (to.). 
 Marpcssus (Mount), Marpeasua, -1 (to.) ; 
 of or belonging to Marpessus, Marpes- 
 sius, -a, -um. 
 Marrubium. Marrubium, -ii (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Marrubium, Marrubius, -a, 
 ■um. 
 Marrucin i, the, Marrucini, -orum (to.) ; of 
 or relating to the Marrucini, Marruci- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 Mars, Mars, -rtis (m.) ; poet. Mavors, -rtis 
 (7«.) ; of or relating to Mars, Martius, -a, 
 -um, Martialis, -e : and Mavortius, -a, 
 -um. 
 Marsteus, Marsa^us, -i (to.). 
 Marseilles, Mas.5ilia, -as (/.), q. v. 
 Marsi, the, Marsi, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to tlie Marsi, Marsian, Marsi- 
 CU6, a, -um, and Marsus, -a, -um. 
 Marsigni, the, Marsigni, -onun ''to.). 
 Marsus, Marsus, -i (m.). 
 Marsyas, Marsyas, -as (to.). 
 Martha, Martha, as (/.). 
 Martial, Martialis, -is (to.). 
 Martiaiius, Martianus, -i («,). 
 Martin, Martlnus, -i (to.). 
 Martina, Martina, -w (/.). 
 Martinus, Martiuus. -i (m.). 
 MaruUa, MaruUa, -as (/.). 
 Marullus, Marullus, -i (m.). 
 Marus, the. Marus, -i (m.). 
 Mary, Maria, -a> (/.). 
 Masada. Masada, -8B (/.). 
 Mascot, Machorbe, -es, ajiii Mescha, •» (/.). 
 Masgaba, Masgaba, -ee (to.). 
 Masinissa, Masinissa, -» (».). I 
 
 Maso, Maso, -onis (to.). 
 Massa, Massa, -m (m.). 
 Maasada, t. Masada. 
 Massasyli, the. Massasyli, -onun (••.) ; 
 the country of the Massitsyli, MaassBsy- 
 lia, -SB (/.). 
 Massagetce, the, MassagStfts, -arum (••.). 
 Massalia, v. Massilia. 
 Massic (Hills), the, Massicua, -i (to.), Mods, 
 and Massica, orum (n.) ; Massic, Maa- 
 sicus, -a, -um. 
 Massilia, Massilia, -«b (f.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Massilia, Masttlian, Massalioti- 
 cus, -a, -um ; MassUiensis, -€ ; and Mas- 
 silitanus, -a, -um. 
 Massiva, Massira, -» (m.). 
 Massyli, the, Maasyli, -orum (to.) ; qf or 
 belonging to the Massyli, Massylfins, -a, 
 -um, and Massylius, -a, -um. 
 Mastricht, v. M<tstric1a. 
 Mastusia, Mastusia, -» (/,). 
 Maturius, Masurius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Masurius, Masuritous, -a, -nm. 
 Materniis, Maternus, -i (to.). 
 Matho, Matho, -onis (m.). 
 Matienus, Matienus, -i (to.). 
 Matilda, Matilda, -sb (/.). 
 Matinius, Matinius, -ii (to.). 
 Matinus (Mount), Matinus, -1 (■».) ; of or 
 relating to Mount Matinut, Matinian, 
 Matinus, -a, -um. 
 Matisco, ^Iati8co, -onis (/.). 
 Matius, Matius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Mati7is, Matianus, -a, -um. 
 Matrinia, Matrinia, -as (/.). 
 Matrinius, Matrinius, -ii (to.). 
 Matrinus, Matrinus, -i (m.). 
 Matrdna, the, Matrona, -as («.). 
 Maironianus, Matronianus, -i (to.). 
 Matthew, Matthaeus, -i, and Matthdus, -I 
 
 (TO.) 
 
 Matthias, Matthias, -es (to.). 
 
 Mauium, Mattium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Mattium, Mattian, MattiSeus, -a, 
 -am. 
 
 MaUius, Mattius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Mattus, Mattus, -i (to.). 
 
 Matuta, Matflta, -bb (/.). 
 
 Maud, Matilda, -e (/.). 
 
 Maurentius. Maurcntius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Mauri, the, v. Mauritania. 
 
 Mauricus, Mauricus. -i (m.). 
 
 Mauritania. Mauritania, -m ; of or belong- 
 ing to Mauritania, Mauritanicns, -a, 
 ■um : the inkabitants of Mauritania, the 
 
 M £ b 
 
 Moors, Manri, -orum (m.) ; of or belong 
 ing to the Moors, Moorish, Maurus, -H 
 •um ; Mauricua. -ii, -um ; a'ld (poet.) 
 Maurusius or MaurQsi&cua, -a, -um. 
 Mausolns. Mausolu^, -i (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Mausolus, MauBoleug, -a, -um. 
 Mavors, Mavors, -rtis (m.) ; a/ipell. of Mart. 
 Mazcntiu.i, Maxtnlius, ii (to.) ; of or r* 
 laiiug to Maxenliut, Masenti&uua, -& 
 -um. 
 Mazimian, Maximianus, -i (m.). 
 Maximilian, Maximilianus, -i (m.). 
 Mczimina, Maximiiia, -as (/.). 
 Maximinus, Maximinus, -i (ra.); of ■/» r» 
 
 laiing to Maximinus. Maximinitnus, -a 
 
 um. 
 Mazirr.us, Maximus, -i (m ) 
 Maxutta, MaxuUa, -m (/.). 
 Mayenne, Medu&num, -i («.> 
 Mayence, Mogunliacum, -i (n.) 
 Maiara, Mazica, -as (/.). 
 Maxactt, the, Mazacas, -arum (ra.). 
 Maiacis, the, Mazaces, -um (ra.) 
 Mazara, Mazara, -as (/.). 
 Meandtr, the, v. Mteander. 
 Meaux, Meldie, -arum (/.); of Meatt^ 
 
 Meldcnsis, -e. 
 Mecca, Macor4ba, -orum (n.). 
 Mechlin, Mcchlinia, -as (/.). 
 Mecklenburg, MegBiopolis, -is (/.) 
 Mecyberna, Mecyberna, -as (/.) ; of or o» 
 
 longing to Mecyberna, Mecybemsua, 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Medaba, Medaba, indecl. (/.). 
 Medama, Medama, -as (/.). 
 Medea, Medea, -as (/.) ; of or relating u 
 
 Medea, Medeis, -idis (fern. adj.). 
 Mcdelin, Metallinum, -i (n.). 
 Medeon, Medeon, -onis (,f.) ; the mhabu 
 
 ants of Medeon, Medionii, -orum (to). 
 Media, Media, -as (/.) ; of or belonging u 
 
 Media, Median, Medicus, -a, -um, and 
 
 Medus, -a, -um ; tke Medea, Medi, -orum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Medina, Jathmppa, -» (/.). 
 Mediolanum, J Mediolaniim, -i (n.) , of of 
 Milan, J belonging to Mediola 
 
 num, Mediolanensis, -e. 
 Mediomatrici, the, Mpdiomatricl, -oruni 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Median, v. Medeon. 
 
 Mediterranean (Sea), the. Mare Nostrum 
 Mare Magnum ; only in late Latin, Med 
 Iterrtkneum Mare. 
 
 Medoacus, Medoacus, -i (to.). 
 
 Mcdon, Medon. -ontis (to.) ; a ton or d* 
 srendant of Medon, Aledootidea, -m (m.) 
 
 Medora, Medora, -m (/.). 
 
 Medubriga, Medubrlga, -m (/.) ; of or be 
 longing to Medubriga, Medubrtgen 
 gig, -e. 
 
 Meduli, the, MfidOli, -orum («.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Meduli, MeaulUnus. -a. 
 -nm, and Mcdullus, -a, -um. 
 
 MeduUia, MeduUia, -ea (/). 
 
 Medullina, Medullina, -liB (/.) 
 
 MeduUus (Mount), Medullus, -i («.). 
 
 Medusa, Medusa, -as (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Medusa, Medusasus, -a, -um. 
 
 Medway, the, Mednacus, -i (m.). 
 
 Megabaius, Meeabazus, -i (to.). 
 
 Megabocchus, Alcgabocchus, -i (ra.) 
 
 Megabyzus, Megabyzus, -i (m.). 
 
 Megadorus, Megadorus, -i («.). 
 
 Megcrra, Megasra, -m (/.). 
 
 M'gale, Megale, -es (/.), aj>peU. of Cybiit . 
 cf or relating to Megale., Megaleaint. -a 
 -tun. 
 
 Megalopolis, MegS16p61is, -is ; of or be 
 longing to Megalopolis, Megalopolita- 
 nus, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Mega- 
 lopolis, Megalopolitas. -arum (m.). 
 
 Megara, Megara, -a- v/), name of a wou^ 
 an.— 2. (/.) and Meg&ra, -orum (n.), o 
 city ; of or belonging to Megara, Mega- 
 reus, -a, -um ; Megaricus, -a, tun ; Me- 
 garensis, -e ; and (late poeL) Megareius, 
 -a, -um ; the country of Megara, Megm- 
 rit, Megaria, ■Idi^(/.). 
 
 Megareus, Megftreus, -eo« and -ei (ra.), 
 o/ or relating to Megareus, Megarfilna 
 •a, -um. 
 
 Megarice, Meg4rice, -es (/.). 
 
 Megasthinet, MegastbSnes, -is (ra.) 
 
 Mtgeda, Megeda, -as (/.). 
 
 Meges, Meges. -etis (to.). 
 
 Megilla, Megilla, us (/.). 
 
 Megillus, Megillu? -i (ra.) 
 
 Megisba, Megisba « (/). 
 
 733
 
 MEN 
 
 Uegiste. Megiste, es (/.). 
 
 MegUitus, Megistjs, -i (m.). 
 
 M^'ssen. Misna, -SB ; Misena, -sb (/.). 
 
 Mela, Mela, -bb (to.). 
 
 Mela, Melae, arum (/.). 
 
 Melmna, MelsBna, -88 (/.). 
 
 Melana, Metenae, -arum (/.). 
 
 Melambium, Melambium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Melampus, Melampu8, -ddis (n».)-. 
 
 Mdaneus, Melaneus, -eo8 and -ei (»».). 
 
 Melanie, Melania, -« (/.). 
 
 Melanippe, Melanippe, -es (/.)• 
 
 Melano, Melano, -(is ( /"'' 
 
 Melanira. Melanira, -* \^J .. 
 
 Melaiitkius, Melanthius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Melantho, Melantho, -(is (/.). 
 
 Melantkus, Melanthus, -1 (wi.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Melanthus, Melantheus, -a, -um. 
 
 Melas, the, Melas, -anis (nt.). 
 
 Melasso, Pedasum, -i («.). 
 
 Melchisedech, Melchisedech, indecl. (m.). 
 
 MeldcB, V. Meaux. 
 
 Meldi, the, Meldi, -orum (m.) ; of the MeU 
 di (<w of Meaux), Meldensis, -e. 
 
 Meleager, Meleager and Meleagrus, -gri 
 (m.) ; of or relating to Meleager, MeleS- 
 grius, -a, -um. and MeleSgreue, -a, -um : 
 pecul. fern, (strictly fern, patron.). Melea- 
 gris, -idis. 
 
 Meleda, Melita, -w (/.") ; of or belonging 
 to Meleda, Melitaeus, -a, -um. 
 
 Meles, the, Meles, -eris (»i.) ; of or relating 
 to the Meles, Meleteus, -a, -um. 
 
 Melete, Melete, -es (/.). 
 
 Melfa, the, Melpis, -is (m.). 
 
 Melfi, Melphia, -m (/.). 
 
 Meliboea, Meliboea, -sb (/.) ; of or belong- \ 
 ing to Meliboea, MeliboBus, -a, -um, and 
 MelibcBensis, -e {late). 
 
 Melib(ZHs, Melibceus, -i (m.). 
 
 Melicent, Melicentia, -ee (/.). 
 
 Melicerta, Melicerta and Melicertea, •« 
 
 Melida, v. Meleda. 
 Melissa, Melissa, -sb (/.). 
 Melissus, Melissus, -i (m.). 
 Melita, Melita, -as, and Melite, -es (/.J ; of 
 or belonging to Melita (Malta), Meliten- 
 sis, e ; (of Meleda) MetttaWSi -a, -um. 
 Melius, Melius, -ii (m.). 
 Mella, Mella, -sb (»».).' 
 Melodunum, Melodunum, -1 («.). 
 Melos, Melos or Melus, -1 (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Melos, MellmiB, -a, -um, and 
 Melius, -a, -um. 
 Melpomene, MelpSmene, -es (/.). 
 Melpum, Melpum, -i (?!.). 
 Melun, Melodunum, -i (n.). 
 Memmius, Memmius, -ii (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Memmius, Memmian, Mem- 
 mius, -a, -um, and Memmianus, -a, -um ; 
 a member of the Memmian line, Memmi- 
 ftdes, -88 (m.), poet. 
 Memnon, Memnon, -onis (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Memnon, Memndnius, -a, 
 um. 
 Memphis, Memphis, -is (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Memphis, Memphiticus, -a, -um ; 
 pecul. masc, Memphites, -sb ; pecnLfem., 
 Memphitis, -Idis. 
 Mena, Menas, -se, and Menas, -Stk («.). 
 Utmeileat, Menalcas, -sb (m.). 
 lalius, Menalius, -ii (m.). 
 ^ landtr, Menander or Menandrus, -dri 
 ■ ) ; of OT relating to Menander, Me- 
 uidrSus, -•, -um. 
 Mtnapia, Menapia, -sb (/.) ; the Menapii, 
 Menapii, -orum (m.) ; Menapian, Me- 
 napicus, -a, -um. 
 Mertas, v. Mena. 
 
 Mende, Mendf* es ; Mendis, -is ; and Men- 
 d8B, -arum (./.) ; of or belonging to 
 Mende, Menaian, Mendfisius, -a, -um, 
 and Menddsicui: -a, -um ; peeul. masc, 
 Mendes, -etis. 
 Mendes, Myndus, -i (f.). 
 Meneelea, Menecles, -is (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Menecles, Meneclius, -a, -um. 
 Meneclides, Meneclides, -is (m.). 
 Menecrates, Menecrates, -is (m.). 
 Menedemns, Menedemus, -i (m.). 
 Menelais, Menelftis, -idis (/.). 
 Menelaius (Mount), MenelSius, -ii (m.). 
 Afene2<iug, Mendlaus and Menel&os, -1 
 (m.) ; of or relating to Menelais, Mene- 
 l&eus. -a, -um. 
 Henenius, Menenius, -ii (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Menenius, Meneidns, -«, -am, 
 *nd Meneniftnus, -a, nm. 
 734 
 
 MET 
 
 Menes, Mdnes, -6ti8 (m.). 
 Menestheus, Menestheus, -eos and -ei (m.). 
 Menippus, Menippus. i (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Menippus, Menippeus, -a, -nm. 
 Mennis, Mennis, -is (/.). 
 Meno, Meno, -onis (m.). 
 Menaceus, Menoeceus, -eos and -ei (m.) ; 
 of or belonging to Menceceus, Menoece- 
 us, -a, -um. 
 Mencetes, Menoetes, -sb (m.). 
 Menatius, MencBtius, -ii (m.) ; ton of Me- 
 
 natius, MenoBtiades, -bb (»b.). 
 Menon, Menon, -onis (m.). 
 Mentissa, Menrissa, -sb (/.). 
 Mentor, Mentor, -6ris (m.) : of or belong- 
 ing to Mentor, Mentoreus, -a, -um. 
 Mentz or Mem, v. Mayence. 
 Mercury, Mercurius, -ii (m.) ; Hermes, -* 
 (m.) ; of or relating to Mercury, Mercu- 
 rialis, -e ; Hermseus, -a, -um. 
 Mercy, Misericordia, -sb (/.). 
 Merenda, Merenda, -sb (m.). 
 Mergus, Mergus, -i (m.). 
 Merida, Emerita, -sb (/-), Augusta 
 Meriones, Meriones, -se (m.). 
 Mermerus, Mermerus, -i (m.). 
 Mermessus, Memiessus, -i (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Mermessus, Mennessius, -a, 
 -um. 
 Merobaudes, Merobaudes, -sb or -is (m.). 
 Merobriga, Merobriga, -ae (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Merobriga, MerobrJgencis, -e. 
 Meroe. Meroe, -es (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Meroe, Meroiticus, -a, -un:, and Meroi- 
 tanus, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Meroe, 
 Meroeni, -orum (in.). 
 Merope, Merope, -es (/.). 
 Merops, Merops, -opis (n».). 
 Merric, Merricus, -i (m.). 
 Merula, Merula, -sb (m.). 
 Mescmbria, Mesembria, -sb (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Mesembria, MesembriacuB, 
 -a, -um. 
 Mesene, Mesene, -es (/.). 
 Mesopotamia, Mesopfitamia, -» (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Mesopotamia, Mesop6t4mi- 
 us, -a, -um, and (late) Mesopotam6ntis, 
 -a, -um. 
 Mejsa. Messa, -sb (/.). 
 Messala, Messala, -m (m.). 
 Messalina, Messalina, -» (/.). 
 Messalinus, Messalinus, -i (m.). 
 Messana. 1 Messana, -sb (/.) : of or belong- 
 Messina, 5 ing to Messana, Messanen- 
 
 sis, -e. 
 Messapia, Messapia, -sb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Messapia, Messapian, MessSpius, 
 -a, -um. 
 Messapus, Messapus, -i (ra.). 
 Messeis, Messeis, -Idis (/.). 
 Messena, Messena, -se, and Messfine, -es 
 
 Messenia, Messenia, -sb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Messenia, Messenius, -a, -um. 
 
 Mkssiah, Messias, -SB (m.). 
 
 Messina, Messina, -sb (/), q. v. ; Faro di 
 Messina, Frotum Siculum. 
 
 Messius, Messius, -ii (»i.). 
 
 Mestra, Mestra, -sb (/.). 
 
 Mesua, Mesua, -sb (/.). 
 
 Metabus, Metabus, -i (>».;. 
 
 Metagomum. Metigonium, -ii (n.). 
 
 MetalUnum, Metallinum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Metallinum, MetalUnensis, -e. 
 
 Metanira, Metanira, -se (/.). 
 
 Metapontum, Metapontum, -i (n.) ; of or 
 belonging to Metapontum, Metapontl- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Metaurum, Metaurum, -i (n.). 
 
 Metaurus, the, Metaurus, -i (m.) ; dtedlert 
 on the Metaurus, Metaurenses, -ium (m.). 
 
 Metelin (the island), Lesbos, -i (/.), q. v. — 
 2. (the city) Mytilene, -es (/.), q. v. 
 
 Metella, Metella, -SB (/). 
 
 Metellus, Metellus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Metellus, Metellinus, a, -um. 
 
 Methion, Meihion, -finis (m.). 
 
 Methane, Methone, -es (/.). 
 
 Methusaleh, Methusala, -as (tb,). 
 
 Methydrium, Methydrium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Methymna, Methymna, -sb (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Methymna, MethymnsBUS, -a, 
 -um ; peail. fern., Methynmias, -idis. 
 
 Metia, Metia, -w (/.). 
 
 Mctianv^t, Metianus, -i (>».)• 
 
 Metilius, Metilius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Metina, Metina, -SB (/.). 
 
 Metiosedum, Metiosedum, -1 ■ft,}. 
 
 Metiscus, Metiscua, -i (m.). 
 
 M IN 
 
 Melius, Melius, -ii (m.). 
 Meton, Meton, -onis (m.). 
 Metro, the, Metaurus, -i (m.), q. ▼. 
 Metrodorus, Metrodorus, -i (m.). 
 Metronax, Metronax, -actis (f».). 
 Metrophanes, Metrophanes, -is (m.). 
 Metropolis, Metropolis, -is (/.) ; of tr be 
 longing to Metropolis, Metropolitinu^ 
 -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Metropoli*, 
 MetropolitsB, -arum (m.). 
 Mettis, Mettis, -is (/.) ; of or belongiTig u 
 Mettis, Metticus, -a, -um, and Metten 
 sis, -e. 
 Mettius, Mettius, -ii (m.) 
 Melius, Mettvis, -i (m.). 
 Mett, Divodunim, -i (n.) ; Mete, -arum 
 
 and Mettis, -is (/.), q. v. 
 Meuse, the, Mosa, -sb (/.). 
 
 Mevania, Mevania, -sb (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Mevania, Mevanas, -atis (adj.). 
 
 Mexico, Hispania Nova ; Regio Mexicans , 
 Mexican. Mexicanus, -a, -um. — 2. (tht 
 city) Mexicopolis, -is (/.) ; Mexicano 
 rum Metr6p6iis. 
 
 Mezentius, Mezentius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Mieah, Michreas, -sb (to.). 
 
 Michael, Michael, elis (to.) ; Church of Si 
 Michael. Michaelium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Micipsa, Micipsa, -se (m.). 
 
 Micon, Micon, -onis (m.). 
 
 Midas, Midas, -sb (m.). 
 
 Middletown, Mesdpfilis, -is (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Middletown, Mesopolitanus, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Midian, Midian, indecl. (m.) ; descendanu 
 of Midian, Midianites, Midianits or 
 MadianitsB, -arum (ro.) ; of or belonging 
 to Midian or the Midianites, Midianit- 
 iih, Madianffius, -a, -um; pecul. fern., 
 Madianitis, -idis. 
 
 Midias, Midias, -sb (to,). 
 
 Midjeh, Halmydessus, -i (/.). 
 
 Milan, Mediolanum, i (n.), q. v. 
 
 Milanion, Milan ion, -onis (to.). 
 
 Miles, Milo, -onis (to.). 
 
 Miletopolis, Miletopolis, -is (/.) , the inha^ 
 itants of Miletopolis, MlletopolItsB, 
 -arum (m.). 
 
 Miletus, Miletus, -1 (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Miletus, Milesian, Milesius, -a, -um ; 
 pecul. fern., Miletis, -idis. — 2. (to.) • 
 man's name ; daughter of Miletus. Mil6- 
 tis, -idis (f). 
 
 Milford, Milfordia, -bb (J.) ; of MUford. 
 Milfordiensis, -e. 
 
 Milionia, Milionia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Mitlionius. Millionitts, -ii (m.). 
 
 Millo, Melos, -i (/.). 
 
 Miily, Milliacum, -i (n.). 
 
 Milo, Milo, -onis (m.) ; of or relating m 
 Milo, Milonianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Milonius, Milonius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Miltindes, Miltiades, -is (to.). 
 
 MUvian (Bridge), v. Mulvian. 
 
 Milytt, the, Milyae. -arum (m.). 
 
 Milyas, Milyas, -adis (/.). 
 
 Mimas, Mimas, -antis (m.). 
 
 Mimnermus, Mimnermus, -i (to.). 
 
 Mincei, the, Minaei, -orum (to.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Minai, Minseus, -a, -um. 
 
 Minalius, Minatitis, -ii (to.). 
 
 Minciut, ? the, Mincius, -ii (m.) ; bom on 
 
 Mincio, J the Mincius, Minciades, -a 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Mindius, Mindius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Minerva, Minerva, -» (/.) ; Greek Athene, 
 
 -es ; of or relating to Minerva, Minerva- 
 
 lis, -e; Temple ^Minerva, Athenasum. 
 
 -i (n.). 
 Minervium, Minervium, -u (n.). 
 Mingreiia, Mingrelia, -eb (/.) ; Colchia, 
 
 idis (/.), q. V. 
 Minho, the, Minius, -ii (to.). 
 Minio, the, Minio, -onis (to.). 
 Minius, the, Minius, -ii (to.). 
 Minorca, Balearis Minor or Balearium 
 
 Minor (/.) ; also late Minorica, -se (/.). 
 Minos, Minos, -ois (m.) ; of or relating te 
 
 Minos, Minoius and Minous, -a, -nm , 
 
 daughter of Minos, Minois, -idis (/.). 
 Minotaur, Minotaurus, -i (m.). 
 MinturntB, Minturnse, -arutn (/) ; of or b*- 
 
 longing to Minturntz, Mintumeneia, -• 
 Minueia, Minucia, -bb (/.). 
 Minueius, Miniicius, ii (to.) ; of or relat 
 
 ing to Minueius, Minucian, MinAcla* 
 
 -a, -nm. 
 Minyit, the, Minyee, -arum (m.). 
 Minyat, MInyas, m (m.): daughter of
 
 Mmyas, Minyeias, adis, atid Minyeis. 
 idis (/.) ; of Or reUuing to Minyas, Min 
 yeius, -a, -um. 
 Mirubriga, Mirobriga, -m (/.) ; of or be 
 longing to Mirubriga. MirobrlgensU, -e. 
 Misagenes, Misagenes, ■'« im.). 
 Misenitm, }{Cape), Misfnum, -i («.)• Pro 
 Miseno, J montorium, and Misena 
 ■orum (n.); of or btl'<iging in (Cape, 
 Misenum, Miaenensis, e, and Miaenaa 
 -itis (adj.). 
 Miaenus, MUenus, -i (m.). 
 Misicra, Lacedajmon, -iinia (/.) ; Sparta, 
 
 ■as (/.), qq. v. 
 Misua, Misua, -ee (/.). 
 iilitltradaus, Mithradfttes, -is (m.), more 
 correct than Mithridates, -is (m.) ; of or 
 rriating to Milhradates, Mithradftticus, 
 •tiu8 or -teus, -a, -um ; the MilhradcUic 
 war, bollum Mithradaticuin. 
 Mithras, Mithras or Mitiires, ee (m.) ; of 
 or relating to Mithras, Mithriacus, a, 
 ■um. 
 Mitylene, Mitylene, -es (more correaly 
 Mjrtilene) ; Mitylena, -m ; and Mityle- 
 nie, -arum (/.), v. Mytiline. 
 Mitys, the, Mitys, -yos or -yis (m.). 
 Mnaseas, Mnaseas, -cb (m.). 
 Mnaso, Mnaso, -onis (m.). 
 Mnemon, Mnemon, -onis (m.). 
 Mnemosyne, Mnemdsyne, -ee, and Mne- 
 
 mosyna, -ee (/.). 
 Mnesarchus, Mnesarchus, -i (m.). 
 Mncsilachut. Mnesilochus, -i (m.). 
 Mnesiikens, Mnesitheus, -i (n».). 
 Mnestheus, Mnesthetls, -eos and -el (•!.). 
 Mnevis, Mnevis, ■idis (m.). 
 Moab, Moab, indecl. (m.) ; son or descend- 
 ant of Moab, a Moabite, Moabites, -bb 
 (m.) ; daughter of Moab, a Moabitisk 
 woman, Moabitis, -idis (/.). 
 Mocha, Moca, -le (/.). 
 Modena, Mulina, -aj (/.), q. ». 
 Modesta, Modesta, -a (/.). 
 Modesiinus, Modestinus, -1 (m.). 
 Modeslus, Modestus, -i (m.). 
 Modius, Modius, -ii (m.). 
 Modon, Mothone, -es (/.). 
 Ucenui, the, MoBnus, -i (m.). 
 MiKris, Mceris, -Idis (m.) ; Lake of Maris, 
 
 or Lalu Maris, Moeridia Lacus. 
 Moesa, Moesa, -» (/.). 
 Maesia, McBsia, -» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Mmsia, Mcesian, Moesiacus, Moasicos, 
 •a, -um, arid Moesius, -a, -um ; the Ma- 
 tians, McBsi, -orum (m.). 
 Mogontia, Mogontia, -a (/.). 
 Mogrus, Mogrus, -i (m.). 
 Uogunliacum, Moguntiacum, -i (n.) ; nf 
 or belonging to Moguntiaeum, Mogun- 
 tiacensis, -e. 
 Moldavia, Moldavia, -te (/.)• 
 Molo, Molo, -onis (ra.). 
 Moloch, Moloch, indecl. (m.). 
 Molorchus, Molorchus, -i (m.) ; of or relate- 
 ing to Molorchus, Molorcheus, -a, -um. 
 Molossi, the, Molossi, -orum (m.) ; tlie 
 country of the Molossi, Molossis, Mo- 
 lossis, -idis (/.) : of or belonging to the 
 Molossi, Molossian, Molossus, -a, -um. 
 Mohssus. Molossus, -i (m.). 
 MolpcHs, Molpeus, -eos or -ei (m.). 
 Molucca (Islmids), the, Moluccee, -arum 
 
 (/.), Insula;. 
 Molycria, Molycria, •» (/.). 
 Mona, Mona, -» (/.). 
 Mon/rMs, MonsBses, -la (n».). 
 Monapia, Monapia, -8b (/.). 
 Monesi, the, Monesi, -orum (»».). 
 Moneta, Moneta, -w (/.). 
 Mnnimus, Monimus, -i (n.). 
 Monmouth, Monumethia, -as (/.), Mon- 
 mouthshire, Monumethensis Comitatua. 
 Montanus, Montacae, -i (ro.); of or relat- 
 ing to Montanus. Montanianus, -a, -um. 
 Montauban, Mous Albanus (m.). 
 Montgomery, Mone Gomericus (m.) ; coun- 
 ty of Montgomery, Montgomericensis 
 Comitatus. 
 Montpelier, Mods Pessulanus or Peasnlus 
 
 (m.). 
 Montreal, Mons Regalis (m.). 
 Montrose, Mons Rosarum (m.). 
 Monychus, Monychus, -i (m.) 
 Mopsinm, Mopsium, -ii (n.). 
 Mopsos, Mopsos, -i (/.). 
 Mopsuestia, Mopsuestia, -» (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Mopsuittia, MoptuesttoDB. 
 a, -um. 
 
 M Y C 
 
 Mopsus, Mopsus. -i (m.) ; the partisans of 
 Mopsus, Mopsii or MopsiSni, -orum (m.). 
 
 Moravia, Moravia, •» (/.) ; tiie Moravian*, 
 Moravi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Morgan, Morginus, -i (to.). 
 
 Morges, Morginum, -i (n.). 
 
 Morgus, tlie, Morgus, -i (m.). 
 
 Morimene, Morimene, -es (/.). 
 
 Morini, the, Morini, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Morini, Morinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Morpeth, Corstorpitum or Morstorpitum, 
 
 -i (n.). _ 
 
 Morpheus, Morpheus, -eos and -ci (m.). 
 Mnsa, the, Moea, ■» (/.). 
 Moscheni, the, Moscheni, -orum (ra.). 
 Moschi, the, Moschi. -orum (ro.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Moschi, Moschicus, -a, 
 ■um. 
 Moschtis, Moschus, -i (m.). 
 Moscow, Moscua, -» (/.). 
 Moselle, the, Mosella, ■» (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Moselle,MoBe\\^\ia,-H,-\iin. 
 Moses, Moses, -is (to.), and Moyses, -is ; 
 ace. Mosen and Moysen; of or relating 
 to Moses, Mosaic, Al6seu8, -a, -um ; Mo- 
 siticus, -a, -um ; and Moseius, -a, -um. 
 Mossini. the, Mossini, -orum (m.). 
 Mosleni, the, Mosteni, -orum (TO.). 
 Mothone, Mothone, -es (/.). 
 Motya, Motya, -te (/.); of or belonging to 
 
 Moiya, Motyensis, -e. 
 AfiKTJi, Mucia, -as (/.). 
 Mucins, Mucius, -ii (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Mucius, Mucian, Stucius, -a, -nm, 
 and MucJanus, -a, -um. 
 Mugillanus, Mugillanus, -i (m.). 
 Mulhauaen. Mulhueia, -eB (/.). 
 Mullut, MuUus, -i (m~). 
 Mulucha, the, Mulucha, -m (ro.). 
 Mulvius, Mulvius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Mulvius, Mulvian, MulviuB, .a, um, 
 a«d Mulvianus, ■a, -um. 
 Mummia, Mummia, -ee (/.). 
 Mummius, Mummius, -ii (to.); of or relat- 
 ing to Mummius, Mummianiu, -a, -um. 
 Munntins, Munatius, -ii (ro.). 
 Munda, Munda, -as (f.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Munda, Mundensis, -e. 
 Mundus, MunduB, -i (ro.). 
 Munich, Monachium, -ii (n.). 
 Munster, Momonia, -ee (/.). 
 Munychia, Munychla, -se (/.); of or be- 
 longing to Munychia, Munychius, -a, 
 ■um. 
 Mumna, v. Murena. 
 Murcia, Murcia, m (/.). 
 Murcus, Murcus, -i (ro.). 
 Murena, Murena, -as (ro.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Murena, Murenianus, -a, -um. 
 Murgantia, Murgantia or Murgentia, -m 
 (/.) ; of or belonging to Murgantia, 
 Murgantinus, a, -um, or Murgentinus, 
 -a, -um. 
 Murgis, Murgis, -is (/.). 
 Mnrranus, Murranus, -i (m.). 
 Murray, Murevia or Morayla, -» (/.), 
 
 Scottias. 
 MuTsia, Mursia, -m (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Mursia, Mursinus, -a, -um. 
 Murviedro, Saguntum, -i (n.), q. v. 
 Mus, Mus, -Oris (ro.). 
 Musitus, MUSIBUS, -1 (TO.). 
 Muse, Musa, -bb (/.) ; the Muses. Musa, 
 
 -arum (/.) ; y. first part. 
 Musea, Musea, -as (/.). 
 Musonius, Musonius, -ii (to.) 
 Mnstela, Mustela, -a; (ro.). 
 Mustius, Mustius, -ii (to.). 
 Miitenum, Mutenum, -i (n.). 
 Mutgo, Mutgo, -onis (m.). 
 Muihul, the, Muthul, indecl (to.) 
 Mutila, Mutila, -eb (/.). 
 Mutina, Mutina, -a; (/.); of or belonging 
 
 to Mutina, Mutinensis, -e. 
 Mutius, V. Mucius. 
 Mutusca, MutuBca. le (/.) ; the inhabitants 
 
 of Mutusca. Mutuscwi, -onun (to.). 
 Muziris, Muziris. -is (/.). 
 Mycale, Mycalc, -es (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Mycale, Mycalasus, -a, -um, and My- 
 calensis, -e. 
 Mijcalessus, Mycalessus, -i (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Mycalessus, Mycalessius, -a, 
 •um. 
 Mycina. Mycenas, -arum ; Mycene, -es ; 
 and Mycena. -« (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Mycena. MyceusBUS, a, -um ; petuL 
 fern., Mycenis, -idis. 
 Mycov, Mycon, -onis (to.). 
 
 N A K 
 
 Mydnus. Mycduus, -i (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Myconus, Mycooius, -a, -um. 
 Mygdon. .Mygdon, -onis (m.) ; son of Myg 
 
 don, Mygd6nidp8, m (m.). 
 Mygdonia, Mygdonia, -as (/.) ; the Myg 
 £>nes, Mygdones, -um (ro.) ; Miigdoui 
 an, Mygddnius, a, um; perul.frm., .Myg 
 ddnis, .jdis. 
 Myla, Myltb, ■arum (/.); of or belong' s 
 
 to Mylte, Mtjltzan, Mylbsus. -8. -um. 
 Mylas, the, Mylas, -te (m.). 
 Mylasa, Mylasa, -orum (r/.) ; of or bu 
 ing to Mylasa, Mylaseus, -a, -nm , 
 inlinbiiants of MyUtsa, Mylas^ni, -o. 
 and Mylusenses, -ium (m.). 
 Myle, Myle, es (/.). 
 Myndus, .Myndus, -i (/.). 
 Myomitsus, Myonnesus, -l (/.). 
 Myra, Myru, -orum (n.). 
 Myrianarus, MyriundruB, -i (/.). 
 Mtjrina, Mj'rina, -m (/.). 
 Myrinus, Myrinus, -i (ro.). 
 Myrlea, Myrlea, -as (/.). 
 Myrmecides, Myrmecidea, -m («.,. 
 Myrmecium, Myrmecium, -ii (n.). 
 Myrmez, Myrmex, -ecis (/.). 
 Myrmidon, Myrmidon, -6nis (ro.) 
 Myrmidons, the, Myrmid6neB. -um (,».>. 
 Myron, Myron, -onis (ro.). 
 Myrrha. ftlyrrha, -a; (/). 
 Myrsilus, Myrsilus, -i (to.). 
 Myrtale, Myrtale, -es (/.). 
 Myrtilus, Myrtilus, -i (ro.). 
 Myrtos, Myrtos, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Myrtos, Myrtoan, Myrtous, -a, um . 
 tlu Myrtoan Sea. MyrtAum Mare. 
 Mys, Mys, ■yos (m.). 
 Myscelus, Alyscelus, -i (ro.). 
 Mysia, Mysia, -se (/) ; of or belonging lo 
 Mysia, Mysian, Mysius, -a, -um. and 
 Mysus, -a, -um ; the Mytians. Mys*. 
 -orum (m.). 
 Mystts, Mystes, -sb (to.). 
 Mystia, Mystia, -ee (/.). 
 Myitos, Mystos, ■! (/.) ; of m 'rionging to 
 
 Mystos, Mystifus, -a, -um 
 Mytiline, Mytilene, -es (J.j more correct 
 than Mitylene ; of or belonging to M'jli- 
 lene, Mytilcnian, MytilenasuB, -a, -un, 
 and Mytilenensis, -e. 
 Myus, Myus, -uiitis (/.). 
 
 N. 
 
 Naaman, Naaman, -anis (to.). 
 
 Naation, Nausson, -ftnis (to.). 
 
 Nabat, Nabal, -alia (ro.). 
 
 Nabathtea, Nabathtea, -a; (/.); the Saba 
 
 thai, Nabathasi, -orum (m.) ; of or bt 
 
 longing to Nabathaa, or the Nabaihai 
 
 Nabatha;us, -a, -um. 
 Nobis, Nabis, -is (ro.). 
 Nabuchodonosor, t. Nehuchadneiiar . 
 Nadab, Nadab, indecl. (ro.). 
 Navia, Nasvia, -te (/.). 
 Ifavius, Naivius, -ii (to.); of or belonging 
 
 to Havius, Navian. NsBVius, -a, -um. 
 
 and Nttjvianus, -a, -um. 
 Nagidus, NagiduB, -i (/). 
 Ifaharvali, the, Naharvali, -orum (m.) 
 Naiads, the. Naiades, -ura (/.) ; a liaiaa 
 
 Naias, -adis (/.). 
 Nain, Naim or Nain. indecl. (/.). 
 Ifamneles, the, Namnetes or Nannetis. -um 
 
 (m.); of or belonging to the yanmcie*. 
 
 NamneticuB, -a, -um. 
 Hamur, Naniurcum, -i (n.). 
 Nancy, Nanceium, -ii (n.). 
 Nanneins, Nanneius, -ii (m.). 
 Nannetes, the, v. Namnetes. 
 Nantes, Nannetes, -um (ra.). 
 Nanlu&tes, the, NantuStes, -um («.)■ 
 Napai, the, Napasi, -orum (to.) 
 Naples, } Neapolis, is (/.), q. v. ; pod. Paj 
 Napoli, ) thfinftpe, -es (/.) ; Bay of ff» 
 
 plrs, tfinus Cumanus. 
 Napoli (di Romania), Nauplia, -8B (/.) 
 
 Qulf of Napoli, Sinus Argolicus 
 Nar, the, Nar, -aris (ro.). 
 Naraggara, Naraggara, -ee (/.). 
 Narbo, I Narbo, -onis (ro.) ; of or bt 
 Narbonne, J longing to Narbo. Narbi 
 
 nensis, -e ; and Narbonicus, -a, ■um 
 Narcissus, Narcissus, -i (m.). 
 Nardo, Neritum i (n.). 
 Nariandus. Nariandus, -i (m.) 
 Narisci, the, Narisci, orum (m.). 
 Namia, } Namia, ae (/.) ; of or belonging 
 I Nami, S to Namia, Namieneis, ■«. 
 
 735
 
 N E M 
 
 Jaro, lite, Naro, -onis (m.). 
 
 (Corona, Narona, -se (/.)■ 
 
 Sarscs, Narses, -is (m.), v. sg. 
 
 Nar ■ us, Narseus, -ei (?«.); "/ "'" belong- 
 i?(i 'y Ifarseus or Narxes, Narsensia, -e. 
 
 Ifarthvcusa, Narthecusa, -8B (/.). 
 
 tiarycium, Narycium, -ii (,n.) ; of or he- 
 longing to Narycium, Narycius, -a, -um. 
 
 \asamones, the, Nasamones, -um (m ) ; of 
 or belonging to the Nasamones, Nasa- 
 monius, -a, -um, and Nasamoniaciis, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Nasica, Nasica, -bb (m.). 
 
 Nasidienus, Nasidienua, -i (m.). 
 
 Nasidius, Nasidius, -ii (m.) ; ofornUuing 
 to Nasidius, Nasidianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Naso. Naso, onis (rn.). 
 
 Nasns, Nasos, -i (/.). 
 
 Nassau, Nasso\'ia, -8b (/.). 
 
 tfatalis, Natalis, -is (m.). 
 
 Nathan, Nathan, indecl. (m.). 
 
 Nathaniel, Nathanael, -elia (m.). 
 
 Natiso, the, Natiso, -onis (m.). 
 
 Natalia, Asia Minor ; Anatx)lia, -» (/.)• 
 
 Natta, Nana, -as (m.). 
 
 Naubolits, Naubolus, -i (m.) ; «<m <{/" iVoi*- 
 bolus, Naubolides, -x (m.). 
 
 Naucrates, Naucrates, -is (m.). 
 
 Naucratis, Naucratis, -idis (/.) ; of or b& 
 longing to Naucratis, Naucraticua, -a, 
 •um, and pecul. masc, Naucratites, -m 
 
 Naulocha, Naulocha, -as (/•). 
 Naulochos, Naulochos, -i (/.). 
 Naulochum, Naulochmn, -i (ra.). 
 Naiiinachns, Naumachus, -i (/.). 
 Naupactus, Naupaclus, -i (/.), and Nau- 
 
 pactum, -i (ra.) ; of or belonging to Nait- 
 
 pacius, Naupactous, -a, -um. 
 Nauplius, Nauplius, -ii (m.) ; son of Nan- 
 
 plius, Naupliades, -bb (m.). 
 Nauportum, Nauportum, -i (n.). 
 Nausicaa, Nausicaa, •», and Nausicafi -ea 
 
 (/■)■ 
 Nausiphanes, Nausiphdnes, -is (m.). 
 Nausiphous, Naueiphous, -i (m.). 
 Naustathmus, Naustatimius, -i (/.). 
 Names, Nautes, -sb (n».). 
 Ifautius, Nautius, -ii (m.). 
 Navarre, Vasconia, -bb (j.). 
 Navanno Pylus, -i (m.), Messeniacua. 
 Navius, Navius, -ii (m.). 
 Naxos, Nasos or Naxua, -1 (/.) ; of or be- 
 
 longntg to Naxos, Naxian, Naxius, -a, 
 
 -um. 
 Nazanzus Nazanzus or Nazianzus, -i (/.) ; 
 
 of or belonging to Nazanzus, Nazanzius, 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Nazareth, Nazareth, indecl., and Nazara, 
 
 -» (/•) ; of or belonging to Nazareth, 
 
 Nazarteus, -a, -um ; Nazarenus, -a, -um ; 
 
 and Nazarus, -a, -um; the inhabitants 
 
 of Nazareth, Nazarenes, NazarseL -orum 
 
 Nazianzus, v. Nazanzus. 
 Nea, Nea, -as (/.). 
 Neathus, the, Nesathus, -i (».). 
 Neal, Nigellus, -i (m.). 
 Netdces, Nealces, -is (ro.). 
 Neapolis, NeapSlis, -is (/.) : of or belong- 
 ing to Neapolis, Neapolitan, Ne&p6llta- 
 nus, -a, -um; pecul. masc, NeapoUtes, 
 -aa; pecul. fern., Neapolltis, -Idis. 
 Nearchus, Nearchus, -i (m.). 
 Nebis, the, Nebis, -is (m.). 
 Nebo, Nebo, -onis (m.). 
 Nebridius, Nebridius, -ii («.). 
 Nebrissa, Nebrissa, -sb (/.). 
 Ndnrorlcf (Mount). Nebrodes, -m (m.). 
 Neckar, the. Nicer, -cri (m.). 
 Nectartabis, Nectanabis, -is or -Idis (to.). 
 Negropont (the island), Euboea, -sb (/.), q. 
 V. — 2. (the city) Cbalcis, -idis (/.), q. v. 
 Nehemiah, Nehemias, -sb (m.). 
 Neleus, Neleus, -eos and -ei (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Neleus, Neleius, -a, -um, and 
 Neleus, -a, um ; son of Neleus, Nelides, 
 -» (m.). 
 Nelo, the, Nelo, -onis (n».). 
 Nemausus, Nemausus, -i (/.), and Neman- 
 sum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging to Nemau- 
 sus, Nemausensis, -e. 
 Nemea, Neraea, -sb, and Nemefi, -es (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Nemea, Nemeetu, 
 ■a, -um, and NemSeins, -a, -um. 
 Semesianu*. Nemeeianns, -i ("«.). 
 Nemesis, Nemfisis, -is (/.). 
 Semetacum, Nemetacum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Nsmetamm Nemetacensia, -e. 
 73f 
 
 N E W 
 
 Nemetes, the, Nemetes, -um '"i ' ; of or be- 
 longing to the Nemetes, Neii'utensis, o. 
 Nemossus, Nemossus, -i (/.). 
 Nemours, Nemorosiuiii, -ii (n.). 
 Nemrod, v. Nimrod. 
 Neo, Neo or Neon, -onis (m.). 
 Neobiile, Neobule, -es (/.). 
 NeoctBsarea, Neocaisarea, -m (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to NeoctBsarea, NeocfEsarien- 
 sis, e. 
 Neocles, Neocles, -is or -i (ro.) ; son ifNe- 
 
 ocles, Neoclides, -sb (to.). 
 Neon, V. Neo. 
 
 Neoptolemus, Neoptolemus, -1 (ro.). 
 Neoris, Neoris, -is (/.). 
 Nepet, Nepet, indecl. (n.), Nepgte, Nepte, 
 and Nepe, -is (n.) , of or belonging to 
 Nepet or Nepe, Nepesinus, -a, -um, a7td 
 Nepensis, -e. 
 Nephele, Nephele, -es (/.) ; of or relating 
 to Nephele, NephelsBUS, -a, -um ; daugh- 
 ter of Nephele, Nepheleias, -adis, and 
 Nepheleis, -idia (/). 
 Nephelis, Nephelis, -idia (/.). 
 Nepheris, Nepheris, -is (/.). 
 Nephthali, Nepbthali, indecl. (m.). 
 Nepos, Nepos, -otis (m.). 
 Nepotianus, Nepotianus, -i (ro.). 
 Neptune, Neptunus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Neptune, Neptunian, Neptunius, -a, 
 -um, and Neptunalis, -e ; daughter of 
 Neptune, Neptunine, -es (/.). 
 Nequlnum, Nequinum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Nequinum, Nequlnas, -atis 
 (adj.). 
 Niraiius, Neratiua, -li (ro.). 
 Nereid, a, v. Nereus. 
 
 Nereus, Nereus, -eos or -ei (ro.) ; of or he- 
 longing to Nereus, Nereius, -a, -um, and 
 late Nerinus, -a, -um ; daughter of Ne- 
 reus, a Nereid, Nereis, -idis, and Nerine, 
 -es (/.). 
 Nerigos, Nerigos, -i (/.). 
 Neriphus. Ntriphus, -i (/.). 
 Neritns, Neritus or Neritoa, -i (/.) ; of or 
 
 belonging to Neritus, Neritius, -a, -»im. 
 Nerius. Nerius, -ii (ro.). 
 Nero, Nero, -onis (m.) , of or relating to 
 Nero, Neronius, -a, -um ; Neroneus, -a, 
 -um ; and Neronianus, -a, -um. 
 Nerulum, Nerulum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Nerulum, NerulOnensis, -e. 
 Nerva, Nerva, -ee (m.) ; of or relating^ toNer- 
 va, Nerviuus, -a, -um, and Nervalis, -e. 
 Nervii, the, Nervii, -orum (ro.) ; of or relax- 
 ing to the Nervii, Nervicus, -a, -um. 
 Nesece, Nesse, -es (/.). 
 Neseas, Neseas, -w (m.). 
 Nesimachus, Nesimachua, -i (ro.). 
 Nesis, Nesis, -idis (/.). 
 Nesos, Nesos, -i (/.). 
 Nessa, Nessa, -le (/.). 
 Nessus, Nessus. -i (ro.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Nessus, Neaseus, -a, -um. 
 Nestor, Nestor, -oris (to.) ; of or belonging 
 to Nestor, Nestorian, Neatoreus, -a, -um ; 
 son of Nestor, Nestoridea, -sb (m.). 
 Nestorius. Nestorius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Nestorius, Nestorianus, -a, -um ; 
 the followers of Nestorius, Nestorians, 
 Nestoriani, -orura (m.). 
 Nestus, the, Nestus, -i (ro.). 
 Netherby, Castra Exploratorum. 
 Netherlands, the, Gallia Belgica (/.). 
 Netum, Netum, -i (n.) ; the inhabitants of 
 Netum, Netinenses, -ium, and Netini, 
 -orum (ro.). 
 Neufchatel, Neocomum, -i (n.). 
 Nevers, Nivernium, -ii (n.) ; Novlodunnm, 
 
 -i (n.). 
 Newark, Nova Area, -as (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Newark, Novarcensis, -e. 
 New Britain, Nova Britannia, -bb (/.). 
 New Brunswick, Novum Brunavicum, -i 
 
 (n.). 
 New Castile, Castella Nova (/.). 
 New Castle, Novum Castellum, -i (n.). 
 New Grenada, Castella Aurea, -se (/.). 
 New Guinea, Guinea Nova, -a (/.). 
 NeiB Hampshire, v. Hampshire. 
 New Haven, Novus Portus (ro.). 
 New Holland, Hollandia Nova, -SB (/.). 
 New Ireland, Nova Hibernia, -sb (/.). 
 New Jersey, Nova Cajsarea, -ffl (/.), or 
 Neo-Ca;.«area ; of or belonging to New 
 Jersey, NeoCtesariensia, -e. 
 New Market. Asoropolis, -is (/.) 
 NeM Orlenva Nova Aurelia, m (/.) ; No- 
 vum Aurcliatium. -i (n.) ; Neo-Gena- 
 
 N O A 
 
 bum. -i (71.) ; of New Orleans, NeoA» 
 relianensis, -e ; Neo-Genabensis, -e. 
 Neicport, Novus Portus, -lis (.m ). 
 Newton, ) Neapolis, -is (/.); Oppidun 
 Newtown, J Novum, -i (n.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Newtown, Neapolitanus, -a, -urn. 
 New York, Novum Kboracum, -i (n.) , oj 
 or belonging to New York, Nec-Ebora- 
 censis, -e. 
 Nictea, Nicaja, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging te 
 Niciea, Niccean or Nicejie, Nicffieaais, -e, 
 and (late) Nicenus, -a, -um. 
 Nica:us, Niceeua, -i (m.). 
 Nicander, Nicander, -dri (m.). 
 Nicanor, Nicauor, -oris (ro.). 
 Nicator, Nicator, -oris (m.). 
 Nice, Niciea, -a; (/.), q. v. 
 Nicea, v. Nictea. 
 Nicearchus, Nicearchus, -i (ro.). 
 Niciphorium, Nicephoriura, -ii {n.) , o) ok 
 belonging to Nicephorium, Nicephorius 
 -a, -um. 
 Nicephorius, the, Nicephorius, -ii (ro.). 
 Nicephorus, Nicephorus, -i (ro.). 
 Niceratus, Niceratus, -i (m.). 
 Niceros, Niceros, -otis (»n.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Niceros, Nicerotianus, -a, um. 
 Nicetius, Nicetius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Nicetius, Nicetianus, -a, -um. 
 Nicias, Nicias, -re (m,). 
 Nicholas, Nicolaus, -i (ro.), q. v. 
 Nico, Nice or Nicon, -onis (ro.). 
 Nicocles, Nicocles, -is (ro.). 
 Nicocreon. Nicocreon, -ontis (ro.). 
 Nicodamus, Nicodamus, -i (ro.). 
 Nicodemus, Nicodemus, -i (ro.). 
 Nicodorus, Nicodorus, -i (ro.). 
 Nicolas, V. Nicholas. 
 
 Nicolaus, Nicolaus, -i (w.) ; of or relating 
 to Nicolaus, Nicolaus, -a, -um ; the fol- 
 lowers of Nicolaus. NicolaitsB, -arum (»».). 
 Nicomachus, Niconiachus, -i (ro.). 
 Nicomedes, Nicomedes, -is (ro.). 
 Nicomedia, Nicomedia, -sb (/.) ; the inhab- 
 itants of Nicamedia, Nicomedenses, -ium 
 (ro.). 
 Nicon, V. Nico. 
 
 Nicophanes, Nicophanes, -is (m.). 
 Nicopoiis, Nicopolis, -is (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Nicopolis, Nicopolitanua, -a, -um 
 Nicosthenes, Nicosthenes, -is (ro.). 
 Nicostratus, Nicostratus, -i (ro.). 
 Niger, the, Niger, -gri, or Nigris, -ia (ro.). 
 Niger, Niger, -gri (.ro.) ; a partisan of Ni 
 
 ger, Nigrianua, -i, (m.). 
 Nigidiua, Nigidius, -ii (ro.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Nigidius, Nigidianua, -a, -um. 
 Nigrinus, NiarJnus, -i (»».). 
 Nigrita, the, NigritsB, -arum (ro.). 
 Nile, the, Nilus, -i (ro.) ; of or relating to 
 the Nile, Niliacus, -a, -um, and Niloticus. 
 -a, -um ; pecul. masc, Nilotea, -as ; peetU. 
 fern., Nilotis, -idis. 
 Nileus, Nileus, -eos and -ei (m.). 
 Nilus, Nilus, -i (ro.). 
 
 Nimrod, Nimrod or Nemrod, indecl. (ro.). 
 Nimuegen, Noviomagus, i (/.), q. v. 
 Nineveh, Ninive, -es, and Niniva, -se (/.) . 
 also, Ninus, -i (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Nineveh, Nlniviticus, -a, uin : the inhab- 
 itants of Nineveh. Ninivitse, -arum (to.). 
 Ninnius, Ninnius, -ii (ro.). 
 Ninus, Ninua, -i (ro.) ; son of Ninus, Win- 
 
 yas, -SB (ro.). 
 Niohe, Niobe, -ea, and Nioba, -sb (/.) ; of 
 or relating to Niobe, Niobeua, -a, -um • 
 son of Niobe, Niobides, -sb (ro.). 
 Niphates (Mount). Niphates, -as (m.). 
 Niphe, Nipbe, -es (/.). 
 Nirens, Nireus, -eos or -ei (ro.). 
 Nisaa, Nisasa. -as (/.). 
 Nisihis, Nisibis, is (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Nisibis, Nisibenus, -a, -um. 
 Nismes, Nemausus, -i (/.), q. v. 
 Nisuette, the, Nisuott«, arum (ro.). 
 Nisiis. Nisus, i (OT.) ; of or relating to Ni 
 sus, Nileus, -ii, -um, md Niseius, -a 
 -um ; (laughter of Nisus, Niseis, -id* 
 
 (/•)■ . , 
 
 Nisyrus, Nisyrus, -i (/.). 
 
 Niliobriges, the, Nitiobrigcs, -iiiii («».). 
 
 Noa, Noa, -as (/.). 
 
 Note. Noas, -arum (/.) : the inhabitants of 
 
 Noa, Noeni, -orum (m.). 
 
 Noah, Noe. indecl., and Noa, -te (ro.i. 
 
 Noami, Noemi, indecl,, and Noeraia. -a 
 
 (/.)■ 
 Nohilior. Nobilior, -dris («.l. 
 Nocera, Nuceria, ■» (/.). q v.
 
 N U it 
 
 Heamut, Modinus, -i (m.>. I 
 
 f/oel, Noelius, -ii. and Natalis, -is (i».). 
 Nottus. No6»U8, -1 (»».); the follmctri oj '■ 
 
 HoeitLS, Notitini, oruin (to.)- ' 
 
 Nola, Nola, -m (,/•); of <«• belonging to 
 
 Ifola, Nolanua -a, um. 
 Itoiiba, NolibB, « (/.). 
 Somadcs, me, Noma]tJe«, -um (m.)- 
 HomeiUum, Numentum, i (n.) -, of or be- 
 longing In Nomentum, Nomentaaus, -a, 
 
 uin. 
 Somenianus, Nomentanus, i (m.)- 
 Nomion, N6njion, -onis (m.) 
 Somius, Nomius, -ii (•«.>. 
 Noiui, Nona, -m if). 
 ffonaarit, Nonacris, -is (/.), a mountain 
 
 and city; of or belonging to I^onacrU, 
 
 Nonacriub, -a, -am, and Nonacriaua, -a, 
 
 ■um. 
 Konianut, Noniiuufl, -i (m.). 
 yoniiu, Noniue, ii (m.). 
 Hora, Nora, onun (n.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Nora, Norensia, -e. 
 Norba, Norba, -as, and Norbe, -es (/.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to Norba, Norbanufl, -a, 
 
 •um, and Norbensis, -e. 
 Norbanus, Norbanus, -i (ra.). 
 tforcia, Nursia, -aj (/-), q. v. 
 Noreia, Noreia, -as (/.). 
 Norfolk, Norfolcia, -as (/.) ; Icen6p6lia, U 
 
 (•^•>- ^ .. , 
 
 Noricum, Noricum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Noricum, Noricus, -a, -um. 
 Norman, Normannus, -i (m.). 
 Normandy, Normaunia, -SB (/.). 
 North Sea, Oceanus Germftnicufl. 
 Northumberland, Northumbria, -m (/.). 
 Norway, Norvegia, -as (/.). 
 
 Nortciclt, Venta Icenorum ; Nordovicum, 
 -i in.). 
 
 Sotiiim, Notium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Nottingltam, Nottingbamia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Novana, Novana, -a) (/.); of or belonging 
 to Novana, Novanensis, -e. 
 
 Novaria, Novaria, -a (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Novaria, Novariensis, -e. 
 
 Novatian, Novuti&iius, -i (nt.). 
 
 Novatitis, Novatius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Novalus, Novatus, -i (.m.) ; daughter of 
 Novatus, Novatilla, -as (/.). 
 
 Novellius, Novellius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Novelliis, Novellus, -i (m.). 
 
 Notesinm, Novesium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Novia, Novia, te (/.). 
 
 Noviodanum, Noviodunum, -i (n.). 
 
 Noviomagus, NoviSmagua, -i (/.), or No- 
 viomagum, -i (n.). 
 
 Noviaa, Novius, -ii (ra.) ; of or relating to 
 Novius, Novianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Nubia, Nubarum liegio ; Nubia, -ee (/.) ; 
 the Nubians, Nubw, -arum, and Nubaii, 
 -orum (m.). 
 
 Nuceria, NucSria, -ee (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Nuceria, Niicerinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Nucuia, Nucula, -a; (.m.). 
 
 Nudilanum, Nuditanum, -i (n.). 
 
 Nuuhones, the, Nuitbones, -um (m.). 
 
 Numa, Numa, -m (m.). 
 
 Numavtia, Nuiiiantia, -te (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Nnmantia, NumanOnus. -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Numanus, Numanus. i (m.). 
 
 Numeiiiuf, Numenius, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Numeria, Numeria, -uj (/.). 
 
 Numerian, Numerianus, -i (ra.)- 
 
 Numerius, Numerius, -ii (nt.). 
 
 Numicius, Numicius, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Numicus. the, Numicus, -i. or Numicius, 
 -il (m.). 
 
 Numida. Numida, ■» (m.). 
 
 Numidia, Nuniidia, -as (/.); of or belong- 
 ing to Numidia, Nnmidian, Numidicus, 
 -a, -um ; Nuinidiatius, -a, -um ; and 
 poet. Nomas, -adis {adj.) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Numidia, the Numidians, Numi- 
 dsB, arum, sync, -inn (m.) ; a Numidian, 
 Numida, -se (m.). 
 
 Ifumidius, Numidias, -ii (m.). 
 
 Numisius, Numisius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Numislro, Numistro or Numestro, -onia 
 (/•) ; of or belonging to Numislro, Nu- 
 mistr&nu9, a, -um. 
 
 Numitor, Numitor, -oris (ra.). 
 
 Numttoria, Numitoria, •» (/.). 
 
 Numiti/rius, Nuraitorius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Numius, Numius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Nuremberg, Noriraberga or Noriberga, -a; 
 
 (/-). 
 Ifursa. NurssB, -arum (/.). 
 47 
 
 CE N E 
 
 Nursia, Nursia, -as (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Nursia, Nurslauti, -a, -um. 
 
 Nycteus, NycUTuB, -COS and -ei (m) , daugh- 
 ter of Nijcuu* Nycteib, idis (/.). 
 
 Nyctymene, Nyctymfine, -es (/.). 
 
 Nymphtta, Nympba:a, -m (/.). 
 
 Nymphtzum, Nympbaium, i (n.). 
 
 Nymphaus, the. Nymphaias, -i (m.). 
 
 Nymphidius, Nymphidius, ii (ra.). 
 
 Nymphius, Nymptiius, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Nympho, Nympho, -onis (ra.). 
 
 Nymphodorus. NymphOdorus, -i (m.). 
 
 Nysa, Nyea, -as (/); of or belonging to 
 Nysa, Nysaan, Nysajus, -a, -um ; Nysfil- 
 U8, -a,-um; Nyeius, -a, -um; and Nysi- 
 &CUS, a, -um ; pecul. fern., Nyseis, -Idis, 
 and Nysias, -adis. 
 
 Nysaus, Nysasus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Nyssos. Nyssos, -i (/.). 
 
 Nysus, Nysus, -i (m.). 
 
 o. 
 
 Oasis, Oasia, -is (/.) , of or relating to the 
 
 Oasis, O&senua, -a, -um. 
 Oaxes, the, Oaxes, -is (ra.). 
 Obadiah, Obadiaa, ■» (m.). 
 Obed, Obed, indecl. (m.). 
 Obrimas, the. Obrimas, -te (ra.). 
 Obsidius, Obaidius, -ii (ra.) ; of or relating 
 to Obsidius, Obsidiaous, -a. -um. 
 
 Ocalea, Ocalea, -aj, and Ocalce, -ea (/.). 
 
 Occia, Occia, -as (/.). 
 
 Ocednus, Oceanus, -i (ra.) ; ion of Ocea- 
 nus, (Dceanides, -ee (ra.) ; daughter of 
 Oceanus, Oceanitis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Occlenses, the, Ocelenses, -ium (ra.). 
 
 Ocella, OceUa, -a) (ra.), a man's name. — 2. 
 (/.) a toomaii's name. 
 
 Ocellina, Ocellina, -m (/.). 
 
 Ocellum, Ocellum, -i (n.) 
 
 Oeha, Ocba, -ee (/.). 
 
 Ochus, Ochus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Ocilis, Ocilis, -is (/.). 
 
 Ocnus, OcDus, -i (m.). 
 
 Ocrea, Ocrea, -» (ra.). 
 
 Ocriculum, Ocrictilum, 1 (n.) ; of or bt- 
 longing to Ocriculum, (>cricaIanuB, -a, 
 •um. 
 
 Oerisia, Ocrisia, -m (/.). 
 
 Octavia, Octavia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Oclavianus, Octarianua, -i (m.), ▼. Octa- 
 vius. 
 
 Octavius, Octavius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Octavius or the Octavia gens, Octavi- 
 us, -a, -um, and Octavianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Ociodurus, Octodurus, l (ra.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Ociodurus, OctodureDsia, -e. 
 
 Octogesa, Octogesa, -» (/^. 
 
 Octoidphus, Oclolophus, -1 (m.), and Oc- 
 tolophum, -i (71,). 
 
 Ocyale, Ocyale, -es (/.). 
 
 Ocyrhoe, Ocyrhde, -68 (/.). 
 
 Oder, the, Viadrus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Odessa, Odeesus or -sos, -i (/.). 
 
 Odiles, Odites, aj (m.). 
 
 Odumantes, the, Odomantes, -um (ra.) ; of 
 or belonging to the Odomantes, Odoman- 
 ticus, -a, -um. 
 
 Odrys<e, the, Odrysaj, -arum (ra.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the 0(2ry3(z,Odry8iug,-a,-nm. 
 
 Odyssee, the, Odyssea, -b (/.). 
 
 lE(i. CEa, -SB (/.) ; of or belonging to (Ea, 
 CEenais, -e. 
 
 (Kiigrus, Qiagrus or (Eager, -gri (ra.) ; of 
 or belonging to (Eagrus, Q^agrius, -a, 
 -um, 
 
 CE^nlhe, CEanthe, -es, and CEanthia, -a) 
 
 (/•). 
 
 (Ebalus, CEhtluB, i (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to (Ebalus, (Ebalian, (Elialius. -a. -um ; 
 ton or descendant of (Ebalus. CEbaJides, 
 •BB (?«.); daiighli-r or female descendant 
 of (Ebalus. CEbalis, -idis (/.) ; poet, also 
 for Laconian. 
 
 (Echalia. CEchalia, •SB (/.); of (Echalia, 
 (Eihalis, -idis (fern. adj.). 
 
 (Edipodes, v. sg. 
 
 (Edipus, (Edipua, -i, and CEdipua, -6dis 
 (ra.) ; poel. also, CEdipodea. -aj (ra.) ; of 
 or relating to (Edipus, (E<iip6d!dnius, 
 •a, -um ; son of (Edipus, CEdipddi6Dl- 
 des, -w (ra.). 
 
 (Eneus. CEnuua, -eos and ei (ra.) ; of or be- 
 longing to (Eneus, CEneius and CEne- 
 ue, -a, -um ; daughter of (Eneus. CEneis. 
 •idis (/.) ; son or descendant of (Eneus, 
 CEnides, •bb (ra.). 
 j \Eniad4c, the, Q'^ni&dse, -arum (m.) 
 
 O N (; 
 
 (Euua, Q^uua. ■«> (f.). 
 
 (Enomaut, Qvi>6maui), -i v,k.; 
 
 (Enone, CEiioue, es (/.). 
 
 (Enope, CEiiope, -ee (/.). 
 
 (Enopim, CEuopia, -m (/.); qf or t'Utng 
 
 ing to (Enupta. CEnopius, a, -um. 
 (Enuiria, CEootria, -aj (/.) , of or belong- 
 ing to (Enotria, (Enotrian, CEuotnua, 
 ■a, -um ; the (Enoiri, CEootri, -srum 
 (ra.). 
 (Enus. the, (£nu8, -i or -ODtia (ra.;. 
 (Enutsa, CEnuBsa, -as (/.); the (E'ttsss 
 (Islands), CEdussu, anua (/.), Insula! 
 (Eia (Mount). (Eta, -a;, and CEta, es (/.) , 
 also {late) CEta, -as (ra.) ; of or belong 
 ing to (Eta, (Etaan, C£ta:U8, -a, -um. 
 Ofanto, the, Autidus, -i (ra.). 
 Ofellus, OfeUus, i (ra.). 
 OJUius, O&lius, -ii (ra.). 
 Oglio, the, Ollius, -ii (ra.). 
 Ogulnia, Ogulnia. -a; (/.). 
 Ogulnius, Ugulnius, -ii (ra.). 
 Ogyges, Ogyges, -is, and rarely -i (ra.) , (y 
 vr relating to Ogyges. Oeygian, Ogy^- 
 -ua, -a, um ; son or descendant of Ogy 
 gius, Ogygides, -a) (ra.) ; in plural poel. 
 for ThJuans. 
 Ogygia, Ogygia, -as (/.). 
 Oileus, Oileus. -eos or -ei (ra.; . ton of Oi 
 
 leus, Oilides, -as (ra.). 
 Oise, the, JEsia, -as (/.), 
 Olana, the, Olana, as, or Olane, es (f.). 
 Olarso, Oiarso, -onia (/.). 
 Olbia, Olbia, as (/.) ; of or belonging t* 
 Olbia, Olbianus, -a, -um. and Olbien- 
 ais, -e. 
 Olbiipilis, Olbidpdlia, -is (/.) ; an inhabit- 
 ant of OlbiopoUs, Olbifipdllta, -Be («.), 
 Olcades, the, Olcades, -um (ra.). 
 Olcinium, Olcinium, -ii (n.) ; the inhaba 
 ants of Olcinium, Olciniatea, -um, or 
 Olciniata:. -arum (ra.). 
 Oldenburg, Branesia, -ee (/.), 
 Olearus, Oleanis or Olearos, -i (/.). 
 Oleastros, Oleastros, -i (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Oleastros, Oleastrensis, -e. 
 Olennius, Olennius, ii (ra.). 
 Olenos, O16nos or Olenus, -i (/.) ; of orb» 
 
 longing to Olenus. 01€nius, -a, -um. 
 Olinus, Olgous, -i (m -. wn of OUnus 
 
 Olenidea, -a; (ra.). 
 Oleron, Uliarus, -i (/.) , of or belongings 
 
 to Oleron, Olarionenais, -e. 
 Oliarus, v. Oltartis. 
 
 Olisippo, Olisippo, -onis (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Olisippo. Oiisipponensis, -e. 
 Olives (Mount of), Mons Olivarum. 
 Oliver, Olivarus, -i (m.). 
 Olivia, Olivia, -w (/.). 
 Olizon, Olizon, -onis (/.). 
 Ollius, the, Ollius, -ii (m.). 
 Olmius, Olmius, .ii (ra.). 
 Olmutz, Ebarum, -i, and Olmucium, -U 
 
 (".)■ 
 Oloarilus, Oloaritua, •i (m.). 
 Oloessa, (Dloesaa, -bb (/.). 
 Olophyzos, Olophyxoa, -i (/.). 
 Olurus, Olurus, -i (/.). 
 Olybrius, Olybrius, -ii (ra.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Olybrius, Olybriacus, -a. -\ixa. 
 Olympia, Olympia, -» (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Olympia, Olympic or Olympian, 
 Olympiacus, -a, -um ; Olympicus, -a, 
 •tmi ; Olympius, -a, -um ; and (lau) 
 Olympianus, -a, -um. , 
 
 Olympias, Olympias, •adis (/.). 
 Olympio, Olympic, -onis (ra.). 
 Olympiidiirus. Olympiodorus, -i Cm.). 
 Olympus (Mount), Olympus, -i (ra.) ; o' 
 or belonging to Olympus, Olympian. 
 Olympicus, a, -um, and Olympius. a. 
 -um. 
 Olynthid. Olynthia, -as (/.). 
 OUjnihus, Ol'ynthus or Olyntbos, -i (/.> 
 of or belonging to Olynthus, Olyntkian 
 Olynthius, -a, -um. 
 Ombos. Ombos, -i (/.) ; of Ombos, Ombitii 
 
 Ombites, -w (masc. adj.). 
 Ombrone, the, Umbro. -onis (m.). 
 Omphale, Omphalc, -es, and Omphila, -a 
 
 (/•)- 
 (yndusius, Onchesrus, -I (/) : of or t 
 
 longing to Onchcstus, Chiahectima, -a 
 
 -nm. 
 OnesicHtus, Onesicritus, -i (ra.) 
 Onesimuf, Onesimus, -i (ra.). 
 Onoba, Onoba, -bb (/.). 
 Onomarchns. Onomarchus, -i (».) 
 Onomastns, OnOmastus, -i iin.). 
 
 73T
 
 O KW 
 
 Ontario (Lake), Andiatrociu. -i (m.), La- 
 
 CU8. 
 
 OpharuB, the, Opharus, -i (ct.) ; dtoellers 
 
 on the Opharus, OpharitsB, -arum (m.). 
 OoheUes, Opheltes, -ae (m.). 
 Ophion, Ophion, -onis (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Op/lion, Ophionius, -a, -urn ; son 
 of Ophi • .. OphioniJes, -a (»«.)• 
 Ophtr, Ophir, indeci (/ ) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Ophir, Ophiriu3, a, -um. 
 Ophites, Ophites, -as (»».). 
 Ophius, Ophiu3, -u (m.) ; da •■ ?hter of Ophi- 
 
 HS. Ophias, -ad is (./.). 
 Ophiusa, Ophiusa or Op'. asaa, -» (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Ophiusa, Ophiusius, 
 •a, -um. 
 Ophradus, the, Ophradus, -i (ot.)- 
 Opici, the, Opici, orum (m.) ; of the Opic.i, 
 
 Opican, Opicus, a, -um. 
 Opilius, Opilius, -ii (m.). 
 Opimia, Opimia, -a; (/.). 
 Opimius, Opimius, -ii (»«.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Opimius, Opimius. -a, -um, aitd 
 Opimi&nus, a, -um. 
 Opis, Opis, -is (/.). 
 
 Opitergium, Opitergium, -ii (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Opitergium, Opiterginus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Opiternius, Opitemius, -il (in.). 
 Oplacus, Oplacus, -i (m.). 
 Oporto, Cale, -es (/.) ; Portus Calensis ; 
 of or belonging to Oporto, Calensis, -e. 
 Oppia, Oppia, -as (/.). 
 Oppianicvs, Oppianicus, -i (m.). 
 Oppian, Oppianus, i (m.). 
 Oppidius, Oppidius, -ii (m.). 
 Oppius, Oppius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Oppius, Oppius, -a, -um. 
 Ops, Ops, Opis (/.) ; of or relating to Ops, 
 
 Opalis, -e. 
 Opsius, Opsius, -ii (m.). 
 Optantius, Optantius, -ii (m.). 
 Opus, Opus, -untis (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Opus, Optintian, OpuntiuB, -a, -um. 
 Orange, Arausio, -onis (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing 10 Orange, Arausiensis, -e. 
 Orata, Orata, -bb (m.). 
 Orbelus (Mount), Orbelus, -i (m.). 
 Orbilius, Orbilius, -ii (m.). 
 Orbius, Orbius, -ii (m.). 
 Orbona, OrbOna, -bb (/.). 
 Orcades, the, Orcades, -um (/.), InsulsB. 
 Orchamus, Orchamus, -i (m.). 
 Orcheni, the, Orcheni, -orum (m.). 
 Orchinius, Orchinius, -ii (m.). 
 Orclidmenos, Orchomenos or -nus, -i (m.) ; 
 of or belonging to Orchomenos, Orcho- 
 menius, -a, -um. 
 OrcHs, Orcus, -i (m.). 
 Ordessus, Ordessus, -i (/.). 
 Ordovices, the. Ordovices, -um (m.). 
 Ordymnus (Mount), Ordymnus, -i (m.). 
 Oreads, the, Oreades, -um (/.) ; an Oread, 
 
 Oreas, -adis (/.). 
 Oresta, the, Orestte, -arum (m.) ; cou7Ury 
 
 of the Oresta, Orestis, -idis (/.). 
 Orestes, Orestes, -ee and -is (ta.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Orestes. Oresteus, -a, -um. 
 Oreslilla, Orestilla, -ffi (/.). 
 Oretum, Oretum, -i (Ji.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Oretum, Oretanue, -a, -um. 
 Oreus, Oreus, -i (/.), and Oreimi, -i (n.) ; 
 of or belonging to Oreus, OreticUB, -a, 
 ■um ; the inJiabiiants of Orevs, Oritiani, 
 -Drum (m.). 
 Oreas, Wgas, -eb (m.). 
 Orge, Orge, -es (/.). 
 Orgessum, Orgessum, -1 (n.). 
 Oricus, Oricus or OrJcos, -i (/.), and Ori- 
 cum, -i (n.) ; of or beloiighig to Oricus, 
 Oricius, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Ori- 
 cus, OricSni, -orum (m.). 
 Origeii, Origenes, -is (m.) ; a follotoer of 
 Origen, Origenista, •», and Origfinia- 
 nue, -i (m.). 
 Orion, Orion, -onis (m.). 
 Orb/po, Orippo, -onis (/.). 
 '4Ay<a, Orithyia, •» (/.). 
 i ^ f OrlUB, -ii (m.). 
 
 ei he (Islands), Orcades, -um (/.), 
 
 Drtan^u, Orlandus, -i (m.). 
 
 Orleans, Genabum, -I (n), q. v. ; Aur6lia, 
 •SB (/.) ; Aurelianum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Orleans, AureliSnensis, -e ; 
 T Tfevj Orleans. 
 
 Ortntsdas, v. Hormisdas. 
 
 '^tt |Omithus or Ornttus, -i (m.). 
 
 73*> 
 
 o z o 
 
 Oroanda, Oroanda, orum (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Oroanda, Oroandicua, -a, 
 -um, and Oroandensis, -e. 
 Oroandes, Oroandes, -is (m.). 
 Orodcs, Orodes, -is (m.). 
 Oromedon, Oromedon, ontis (m.). 
 Orontes, Orontes, -is (m.), a man's nasne. 
 — 2. the Oruntes, Orontes, -is and -i (m.), 
 a river ; of or belonging to the Orontes, 
 Oronteus, -a, -um. 
 Oropus, Oropus, -i (/.). 
 Orosius. Orosius, -ii (m.). 
 Orpheus, Orpheus, -cos and -ei (m.) ; of 
 or belonging to Orpheus, OrpbSus, -a, 
 •um, and Orphicus, -a, -um. 
 Crphidius, Orphidius, -ii (m.). 
 Orphitus, Orphitus, -i (m.). 
 Orphne, Orphne, es (/.). 
 Orsiloehus, Orsilochus, -i (m.). 
 Orsinus, Orsinus, -i (m.). 
 Orthobula, Orthobula, -as (/.). 
 Orthosia, Orthosia, -bb (/.). 
 OrUirus, Orlhrus, -i (m.). 
 Ortiagon, Ortiagon, -onis (m.). 
 Ortona. Ortona, -ffi (/.); of or belonging 
 
 to Ortona, Ortonensis, -e. 
 Oriygia, Ortygia, -ee, and Ortygie, -es (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Ortygta, Ortygian, 
 Ortygius, -a, -um. 
 Osaces, Osaces, -is (m.). 
 Osca, Osca, -as (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Osca, Oscensis, -e. 
 Osci, the, Osci, -ornm (m.) ; Osean, Oa- 
 
 CU8, -a, -um. 
 Oscar, OscaruB, -i (m.). 
 Oseus, Oscus, -i (m.). 
 Osdroene, Osdroene, -es, and Osdrofina, 
 -83 (/.) ; of or belonging to Osdroene, 
 Osdroenus, -a, -um. 
 Osero, Absorus, -i (/.). 
 Osi, the, Osi, -orum (m.). 
 Osii, the, Osii, -orum (m.). 
 Osinius, Osinius, -ii (m.). 
 Osiris, Osiris, -is and -idis (m.). 
 Osismii, the, Osismii, -orum (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to the Osismii, Osismicus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Osmund. Osmundus -1 (m.). 
 Osphagus, the, Osphagus, -1 (m.). 
 Ossa (Mount), Ossa, -8b (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Ossa, OsswuB, -a, -um. 
 Ossuna, Genua, m (f), Ursomm. 
 Ostanes, OstSnes, -is (m.). 
 Ostend, Ostenda, w (/.). 
 Ostia, Ostia, -» (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Ostia, Ostiensis, e. 
 Ostorius, Ostorius, ii (m.). 
 Ostrogoths, the, Ostrogothi, -orum (m.). 
 Osteoid, Oswaldus, -i (m.). 
 Otacilius, Otacilius, ii (m.). 
 Otho, Otho, -oniB (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Otho, OthoniinuB, a, -um. 
 Othrys (Mount), Othrys, -yoB or -yis (m.) ; 
 of or belonging to Othrys, OthrysiUB, 
 -a, -um. 
 Othtis, Othus, -i (m.). 
 Otranto, Hydruntum, -i (n.), q. v., and 
 
 Hydrus. -untis (/.). 
 Otricoli, Ocriculum, -i (n.), q. v. 
 Otris, Otris, -is (/.). 
 Otto, Otho, -onis (m.). 
 Otus, Otus, -i (jTi.). 
 Ouessant, Uxantis, -is (/.). 
 Ovetum, Ovfitum, -1 (n.); of or belonging 
 
 to Ovetum, Ovet&nus, -a, -um. 
 Ovia, Ovia, -as (/.). 
 Ovid, Ovidius, -ii (m.). 
 Oviedo, Ovetum. -i (n.), q. v. 
 Ovinius, 0\iniu8, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Ovinius, Ovinius, -a, -um. 
 Ovius, Ovius, -ii (m.). 
 Oicen, Andonenue, -i, and Engteias, -U 
 
 Oxathres, Oxathres, -is (».). 
 
 Oxford, Osonia, -» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Oxford, Oxoniensis, -e. 
 Oria, Oxiffi, -arum (/.), Insnlee. 
 Oxiones. the, Oxiones, -um (m.). 
 Onis, the, Oxus, -i (m.). 
 Oryartes, Oxyartes, -is (m.,. 
 Ozydrae{t. the, OxydracB, -amm (m.). 
 Oxyrrynchus, Oxyrrynchus, -i (m.) ; of or 
 
 belonging to Oxyrrynchus, Oxyrrynchl- 
 
 tes, -SB (masc. adj.). 
 OzoUx, the. OzolsB, -arum (m.). 
 Ozomene, Ocomene, -es (/.). 
 
 P A t 
 
 Pacarius, Pacarius, -ii (m.) 
 
 Pacatus, Pacttus, -i (m.). 
 
 Paccius, Paccius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Paccius, Paccianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pacensis, v. Pax. 
 
 PacAynum, Pachynum, i (n.),and Pachv- 
 nus, -i (/.) ; Greek form, Pacbynos, -i (f) 
 
 PacUius, Pacilius, -ii (m) ; of or relatinig 
 to Pacilius, Pacilianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pacilus, Pacilus, -i (m.). 
 
 Paconius, Paconius, -ii (m.) 
 
 Pacorus, Pacorus, -i (m.) 
 
 Pactius, Pactius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Pactolus, the, Pactolus, -i (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Paaolus, PactoliB, -Idia (fern, 
 adj.). 
 
 Pactumeius, Pactumeius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Pactye, Pactye, -es (/.). 
 
 Paculla, Paculla, -aa (/.). 
 
 Pacuvius, Pficiivius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat 
 ing to Pacuvius, Pacuviinns, -a, -um. 
 
 PadSrbom, Paderboma, -bb (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Paderbom, Paderbomen 
 siB, -e. 
 
 Padua, Patavium, -ii (n.). q. v. 
 
 Padus, \lhe, Padus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 Po, J to the Padus or Po, P&d&nus, 
 -a, -um ; dwellers on the Po, Padani, 
 •orum (m.). 
 
 Padusa, the, Padusa, -es (/.). 
 
 Ptzan, Pasan, -inis (m.). 
 
 Pamani, the, PsBmani, -orum (m.). 
 
 Picnula, PEenuIa, -m (m.). 
 
 Paon, Paeon, -onis (m.) ; of or relating te 
 Paon, Paconius, -a, -um. 
 
 Paynes, the, Pajones, -um (m.) ; the coun- 
 try of the P<tones, Paonia, Pasonia, -se 
 (/.) ; Paonian, PsBonius, -a, -um ; and 
 pecul.fem., PeeoniB, -idis. 
 
 Paonius, PKonius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Pttstum, Peeatum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging 
 to P<£stum, Psestanus, -a, -um. 
 
 PMina, Pffitjna, -bb (/.). 
 
 Patus, Pffitus, -i (m). 
 
 Pttzon, PsBzon, -ontis (m.). 
 
 Paga. Pagw, -arum (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Pagti, Pagajus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pagasa, Pagaflffi, -arum, and Pagasa, -aa 
 (/•) ; of <"■ belonging to Pagasa, Paga 
 S8BUS, -a, -xim, and Pagasicua, -a, -um. 
 
 Pal(zmon, Pala^mon, -onis (m.) -, of or re- 
 lating to PaUtmon, PalEBmonius, -a, -um 
 
 Pal<mo. Palajno, -Us (/). 
 
 Palaovottni, Helicon, -onis (m.), q. v. 
 
 PaUtpaphos, Pala'paphos or -phus, -i (/.) 
 
 PaUtphatus, Palaephatus, -i (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Palcepkatus, Patephatius, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 PaUaie, Palajste, -es (/.). 
 
 Pal-asiina, v. Palestine. 
 
 PaUttyrus. Palffityrus, -i (/.). 
 
 Palamides, Palamgdes, -is (m.) ; of or it 
 tating to Palamedes, PaJamedens, -a, 
 -um ; Palamedicus, -a, -um ; and Pala- 
 mediacus, -a, -um. 
 
 Palatine (Mount). Palatinus, -i (to.), Mens , 
 
 Palatium, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging tt 
 
 the Palatine Mount, Palatinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Palermo, Panormus, -i (/.), q. v. 
 
 Pales, Pales, -is (/.) ; of or relating to Pa. 
 
 les, Palilis, -e. 
 Palestine, PalBestina, -SB and -tine, -es (/.) , 
 of or belonging to Palestine, Paleestinus 
 -a, -um, and (late) Palwstinensis, -» 
 Palestrina, Pra»ne6te, -is (n.), q. v. 
 Palfurius, Palfurius, -ii (m.). 
 Palibrothra, Palibothra or Palimbothra 
 
 -» (/•)• , 
 
 Palici, the, Palici, -orum (m.). 
 
 Palinuro (Cupe), Palinurum, i (».), Pro 
 montorium. 
 
 Paiinurus, Palinurus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Palla, Palla, -bb (to.). 
 
 Palladins, Palladius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Pallantenm, Pallanteum, -i (n.) ; oj or re- 
 lating to Pallanteum, Pallanteua, -a, 
 •nm. 
 
 Pallas, Pallas, -adia (/.), appellation oJ 
 Minerva ; of or relating to Pallas, Pal 
 l&diuB, -a, -um. — 2. Pallas, -antia (m.), a 
 man's name; of or relating to PallSM, 
 Pallantius, -a, -um, and Pallanteus, -a, 
 -um ; daughter or female descendant of 
 Pallas, Pallantias, -adis, and Pallantia. 
 -Idis (/.). 
 
 Pallene. Pallene, -ea (/.) : of or MotgviM
 
 PAP 
 
 to Patient, PaUentan, Pallenuius, -a, -urn, 
 end Pallenenflis, -e. 
 Palma, Palma, -w (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Paima, Palmensis, -e. 
 Palms (Island of), Palmaria, -sb {/.), In- 
 
 sulu. 
 Palmyra, Palmyra, -bb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing lo Palmyra, Palmyrenus, -a, -um. 
 
 Palms, Paltus, -i (/.). 
 
 Palumbits, Palumbus, -i (m.). 
 
 Pamisus, Pamisus, -i (m.). 
 
 Pammriies, Pammenes, -U (m.). 
 
 Pampeliina, Pampelo, -onis (/.) ; Pampe- 
 lonn. -a; (/.). 
 
 Pampkila, Pamphlla, -bb (/.). 
 Vamphilita, Pamphilus, -i (ro.). 
 famphi/Ua, Pimphylia, -w (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Pamphylia, Pamphylian, 
 Pamphylius, -a, -um, and (JUue) Pam- 
 phylus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pan, Pan, -anos or -Knis (m.). 
 
 Panacea, Panacea, -w (/.). 
 
 Panacra, Panacra, -aj (/.). 
 
 Paneenus, Panu>nu3, -i (m.). 
 
 Panalius, Pana)tiU8, -ii (n».). 
 
 Panatolium, Panastolium, -ii (n.) , of or re- 
 lating to the Panatolium, PansBtolicus, 
 ■a, -um. 
 
 Panaretiis, Panaretus, -i (m.). 
 
 Paitchaia, Pancbaia, -w (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Panchaia, PancbteuB, -a, 
 -um ; Panchaicus, -a, -um ; and Pan- 
 chaius, -a. -um. 
 
 Panda, Panda, -m (/.). 
 
 Panda, the, PandiB, -arum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Pand/t, Pandeaus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pandana, Pandana, a; (/.). 
 
 Pandarua, Pandanig, -i (m.). 
 
 Pandataria, Pandataria, -as (/.). 
 
 Pandion, Pandion, -ouis (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Pandion, Pandioniua, -a, -uni. 
 
 Pandora. Pandora, as (/.). 
 
 Pandosia, Pandosia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Pandrosos, Pandrosos, -i (/.). 
 
 Pangceus (Mount), Pangsus, -t (m.), and 
 Pangaja, -orum (n.) ; of or belonging 
 to Mount Pangaus, Pangieus, -a, -um, 
 
 Paniiiniiim, Pftnionium, -ii (n.) ; of or re- 
 lating 10 the Panionium, Panionius, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Pannicus, Pannicus, -1 (»b.). 
 
 Pannnnia, Pannonia, -bb (/.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Pannonia, Pannonian, Pannonl- 
 cus, -a, um, and Pannonius, -a, -um ; 
 pecnl. fern., Pannonia, -idis. 
 
 Panope, Panope, -es, and Panopea, -88 (f.). 
 
 Panopeus, Panopeus, -eos or -ei (m.). 
 
 Panopolis, Panopolis, -is (/.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Panopolis, Panopolites, -sb (mate, 
 adj.). 
 
 Panormus, Panonnus or Panhormus, -i 
 (/.) ; Panormum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Panormus, Panormitanua, -a, -um. 
 
 Pansa, Pansa, -cb (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Pansa, Pansianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Panlagias, the, Pantagias, -se (m.). 
 
 Pantaleon, Pantaleon. -ontis (m.). 
 
 Pantanus, Pantanua, -i (m.). 
 
 Pantheon, Pantheon or Pantheum, -i (n.). 
 
 Pantheus, PantheuB, -i (m.). 
 
 Panthius, Panthius, -ii (n».). 
 
 Pantlius, Panthus (contracted from Pan- 
 thous), -i, voc- -u (m.) ; son of Panthus, 
 Panthofdes, -sb (m.). 
 
 Panticap(Eum, Panticapsum, -1 (re.) ; of or 
 belonging to Paniicjipdum, Panticapen- 
 sis, -e ; the inhabitants of Panticapaum, 
 PantJcftpffii, -onim (m.). 
 
 Pantilius, Pantilius, ii (m.). 
 
 Pantolabiis, Pantolabus. i (m.). 
 
 Panurgits. Panurijus, -i (m.). 
 
 Panyasis, Panyasia, -is (m.). 
 
 Panysus, the, I'anysus, -i (m.). 
 
 Paphlagonia, Paphlagonia, -sb (/.); of or 
 bt.lonai'ig to Paphlagonia, Paphlagoni- 
 an, Paphlagonius, -a, -um ; the Paphla- 
 gonians, Paphlagonea, -um ("•.). 
 
 Paphnutius, Paplinutius, ii (m.). 
 
 Paphos, Paphos or Paphus, -i (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Paphos, Paphian, Papbius. 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Paphus, Paphus, -i (m.). 
 
 Papia, Papia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Papilus, Papilus, -i (m.). 
 
 Paptnian, Papfnianus, -i (m.). 
 
 Papinius, Papinias, -ii (m.). 
 
 Papijtus, Papinus, -i (m.). 
 
 Papirian, Papirianus, i (w.). 
 
 "apiiitis. Papirius. -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 PAT 
 
 to Papirius, Papirius. -«. -am. mmA Pa 
 pirianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Papius, Papiua, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Papus, I'apus, -i (».). 
 
 Parada, Parada, -eb (/). 
 
 Paradise, Paradisns, -i (m.). 
 
 Paratacene, Para-tacene, -ea (/.) ; the <n- 
 hahitants of Paratacene, ParajtacenL 
 -orum (m.). 
 
 Paratuninm, I'araitfinium, -ii (n.) ; of or 
 belonging to PariUonium, PartetADius, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Paralus, Paralus, -i (m.). 
 
 Parctz, Parcai, -arum (/.). 
 
 Parenzo, Parentium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Parhedrus, Parhedrus, -i (m.). 
 
 Paris, Paris, idis, ace. -idem, -In, or -hn 
 (m.), a man's name. 
 
 Paris (city), Luteda, -m (/.), Parlsiorum ; 
 Parisii, -orum (m.) ; the Parisians, Pa- 
 risii, -orum (m.) ; of or relating to Paris, 
 Parisian, Parisiacus, -a, -um. 
 
 Parium, Parium, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging 
 to Parium, Pariftiius, -a, -una. 
 
 Parma, Parma, -te (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Parma, ParmSnus, -a, -um, and Par- 
 mensis, -e ; the inhabitants of Parma, 
 ParmenBes, -ium (m.). 
 
 Parmenides, Parmenides, -is (m.). 
 
 Parmenio, Parmenio, -onia (■».). 
 
 Parmeniecus, Parmeniscus, -i (m.). 
 
 Parnassus (Mount), Pamassua or PamS- 
 sna, -i (m.) ; of or belonging to Parnas- 
 sus, Parnassian, Pamassius, a, -um ; 
 pecul. fem., Pamaasia, -idia. 
 
 Fames (Mourn), Pamea, -ethia (m.). 
 
 Paropamisus, Paropamisug, -i (m.) ; the 
 dieellers on the Paropamisus, Paropaml- 
 eadsa, -arum, and Paropamiaii, -orum 
 (m.). 
 
 Parorea, Parorfea, -m (/) ; the inhabitanu 
 of Far or ea, ParoreatSB, -arum (m.). 
 
 Faroe, Paroa and Pirus, 4 (/.) ; of (^ be- 
 longing to Faros, Parian, Parlua, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Parparus (Mount), Parparus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Parrhasia, Parrhasia, -te (/.) ; of or bo- 
 longing to Parrhasia, Parrhasian, Par- 
 rhasiua, -a, um ; pecul. /nn., Parrbaaia, 
 -idia (poet, for Arcadian). 
 
 Farrhasitis, Parrhasius, -ii (w.). 
 
 Parthalis, Parthalis, -is (/). 
 
 Farthaon, Parthaon, -onia (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Parthaon. ParthSfinins, -a, 
 -um ; son or descendant of Parthaon, 
 Partbaonides, -te (m.). 
 
 Farthenie, Parthenie, -ea (/.). 
 
 Farthenii, the, Parthgnii, -orum («•.). 
 
 Parthenium, Parthenium or Parthenlon, 
 -ii (n.), Promontorium. 
 
 Farthenius (Mount), Parthfiniua, -ii (m.) ; 
 of or relating to Mount Farthenius, Par- 
 tbenius, -a, -um. 
 
 Farthenius, Parthenius, -U (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Parthenius, Partbeni&uus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Parthenon, Parthenon, -onis (m.). 
 
 Pariheriopceus, PartbendpEBUs, -i (m.). 
 
 Farthenope, Parthgnope, -es (f.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Farthenope, Partben6peiu8, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 FarrhenopoUs, Partbendpfilia, -ia (/.). 
 
 Parikia, Parthia, -w (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Parthia, Parthian, Parthiua, -a, -um, 
 and Parthus, -a, -um ; the Parthians, 
 Parthi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Parthum, Parthimj, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Parthum, Parthinus, a, -um. 
 
 Farthusi, the, Partbusi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Faryadres (Mount), Paryadres, -bb (ra.). 
 
 Pasargada, Pasargada;, -arum (/.). 
 
 Pasias, Pasias, -sb (m.). 
 
 Pasiphai, PasiphaS, -es, and Paoiphaa, -te 
 (J.) ; daughter of Fasiphai, PasipbUia, 
 •B (/.). 
 
 Pasiteles, Pasitelea, -ia (m.). 
 
 Pasilhea, Paaithea, -n, and Pasitbde, -ea 
 
 Pasitigris, the, Pasitigris, -Idia or -U («.). 
 PassaUe, the, Pasaalaa, -arum (»».)■ 
 Passaro, Paesaro, -onia (/.). 
 Pussau, Passaviura, -ii (n.). 
 Passerintts, Passerinus, -i (m.). 
 Pnssienus, Passienus, -i (n».). 
 Passy, Paciacura, -i (n.). 
 Pastillus, Pastillua, -i (m.). 
 Pastona, Paetona, -m (/.). 
 Palate, Patale, -cs (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Paiale, Patalius, -a, -um. 
 
 P F L 
 
 Patmmi, the, Palami, -tirum (m.). 
 
 Putara, Patara, -sb (/.) and -orum (,».; 
 of or belonging to Patara, Patarseas, -• 
 ■um, and Pataricus, -a, -um ; pcn^ 
 masc, Pat4ruu8, -eos or -ei ; pecul. fem, 
 Patareis, -idis; the inhabitants of Patm 
 ra, Pataroni, -orum (m.). 
 
 Patavium, Patavium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong' 
 ing lo Patavium, Patavinus, -a, um. 
 
 Faterculus, Paterciilus, -i (m.). 
 
 Pateria, Pateria, -as (/.). 
 
 Pateminus, i'atemlnus, -i («.) 
 
 Patemus, Patemus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Patience. Pacientia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Patina, Patina, -as (m.). 
 
 Patino, Patmos, -i (f). 
 
 Patiscus, Patiecua, -i (m.). 
 
 Patmos, Patmos or Patmua, -i (J.) 
 
 Patrit, > PatTffi, -arum (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 Fatras, J ing to Pairtt, i'atrenala, e. 
 
 Patricius, > Patricius, -ii (ra.) ; (^ or reiat 
 
 Patrick, i ing to Patricius, PatriciA 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Patrobas, Patrobas, -sb (ra.). 
 
 Fatrobius, Patrobiua, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Falrocles, Patroclea, is (ra.). 
 
 Patrodus, Patroclua, i (ra.) ; of or re^ai 
 ing lo (a) Patrodus, Patrocliiinua, -a 
 -um. 
 
 Fatro, Patro, -onis (ra.). 
 
 Patulcius, Patulcius, -ii (m.) , of or belong 
 ing to Patulcius, Patulcianus, -a, -am. 
 
 Fau, Palum, -i (n.). 
 
 Paul, Paullua or Paulue, -I (m.) 
 
 PauUa, Paulla, •» (/.). 
 
 PauUina, Paullina, -m (/.). 
 
 Paullinus, PauUinua, -i (ra). 
 
 FauUus, Paullua, -i (ra.); of or relating Is 
 Faullus, Paullianus, -a, um 
 
 FavUulus, Paullulus, -i (m.). 
 
 Pausanias, Pausaniaa, -Sb (ra.;. 
 
 Pausias, Pausias, -m (ra.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Pausias, Pausiftcus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pausilypus (Mount), Pausilypum, 4 («.), 
 and Pausilypus, -i (m.), Mons. 
 
 Pausistraius, Pausistrfttus, -i («.). 
 
 Pavia, Ticinum, -i (n.), q. t. 
 
 Favo, Pavo, -onis (m.). 
 
 Fax, Pax, -acia (/.), Julia (a town) ; of oi 
 belonging to Pax (Julia), Pacenaia, -e. 
 
 Paxaa, PaxsBa, •» (/.) 
 
 Pedanius, Pedaniua, -ii ,./».). 
 
 Pedasum, Pedasum, -i, aui, ^edasa, -orua 
 (n.). 
 
 Fedasus, Pedasue, -i (/.). 
 
 Pedianus, Pedianua, -j (m.). 
 
 Fedius, Pedius, -ii (ra.) ; of or relating w 
 Fedius, Pedius, a, -um. 
 
 Fedo, Pedo, -onis (ra.). 
 
 Peducaus, Peducoius, -i (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Peducaus, Peducseanus, -a, -am. 
 
 Pedum, Pedum, -i (»i.) ; of or belonging te 
 Pedum, Pedanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pegasus, I'ega?us, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Pegasus, Pegasean, Pegaaeus, a, -um 
 Pegaseius, -a, um , and Pegasiua. a. 
 -um ; pecul. fem., Pegasis, -tdis. 
 
 Pegu, Berynga, -bb (/.). 
 
 Pckin, Pequinum, -i ()..). 
 
 Felagius, Pflagius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Pelagius. Pelagi&nus, -a, -um ; the Pe- 
 lagians, PelagiSm, -orum (ra.). 
 
 Pelagon, Pelagon, -Onis (tn.). 
 
 Pelagones, the, Pelagfinea. -um (ra.) , the 
 country of the Pelagones, Pelagdnia, -m 
 
 if-)- 
 
 Pelasgi, the, Pelasgi. -orum (ra.) ; of ttr be- 
 longing to the Pelasgi. Pelasgic, Pelaa 
 gus, -a, -um, and Pelasgiua, -a, -am ; tks 
 land of the Pelasgi, Pelasgia, -m, and 
 Pclaagia, -idis (/.). 
 
 Pelrlhronius, Pelethroniua, -ii (ra.) ; of or 
 relating to Felcthronius, PeletflrOmOi. 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Peleus, Peletis. -eos or -ei (ra.); of or relat- 
 ing to Peleus, Peleiua, -a, -um ; ton tff 
 Peleus. Pelidcs, -ae (m.). 
 
 Pelias, I'eliaa, -ib (to.) ; daughtar of Pelima. 
 P61ias, -ftdis (/.). 
 
 Pelides, v. Peleus. 
 
 Feligni, the. Peligni, -orum (ra.) ■,oforr* 
 lating to the Feligni, Pelignua, ^i, -um. 
 
 Pelignus, Pelignus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Pelion (Mount), Pelion. -ii (ti.); Pelioa. -U 
 (ra.) ; and Pelius Mons; of or relating 
 lo Mount Pelion, Peliua, a, um, etna 
 Peliacua, -a, -um ; pecnl. fan, H6Mt< 
 -ftdis. 
 
 Pelium. Pelium, -t' (n.) 
 
 »1«
 
 P£ B 
 
 fellc, Pella, » (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Pella, Pellean, Pellaeus, -a, -um. 
 Pellenaus (Alount), Pellenseus, -i (jn.). 
 PeilendoJies, the, Pellendones, -um (m.). 
 "ellene, Pellene, -es (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Pellene, Pelleneeus, -a, -um, and Pel- 
 lenensis, -e. 
 Pellio, Pellio, -finis (m.). 
 P liipea, Pelopea, -m (/.). 
 Ptliipidas, Pelopidas, -a; (m.). 
 Pelopomiesus, Peloponnesus, -i (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to the Peloponnesus, Pelopon- 
 nesian, Peloponnesius, -a, -um ; Pelo- 
 ponnesiacus, -a, -um ; aiid (late) Pelo- 
 ponueusis, -e. 
 
 Ptlops, Peiops, -opis (m.) , of or relating 
 to Pelops, Pelopeus, -a, -um ; Pelopeius, 
 •a, -nm ; and Pelopius, -a, -um ; pecul. 
 fern., Pelopeias, -adis, and Pelopeis, 
 -Idb ; son or descendant of Pelops, Pe- 
 Ifipides, -ffi (m.) ; usually in plural, the 
 Pelopida, Pglopida;, -arum («.). 
 
 Pelorus, Pelorus, -i (»j.), and Pelorum, -i 
 (».) ; of or belonging to Pelorus, Pelori- 
 an, Pel6ritanus, -a, -um ; pecul. fern., Pe- 
 lorias, -adis, a7id Peloris, -idis. 
 
 Pelusium, Pelusium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Pelusium, Pelusian, Pelusius, -a, 
 -um ; Pelusiacus, -a, -um ; and Pelueia- 
 nu8, -a, -um ; pecul. nrnsc, Pelusiotes or 
 -Ota, -8B (an inhabitant of Pelusium). 
 
 Peneleus, Peneleus, -eos or -ei (m.). 
 
 Penelope, Penelopa, -se, or Penelope, -es 
 (/•) ; of or relating to Penelope, Penelo- 
 pseus, -a, -um. 
 
 Penestia, Penestia, -bb (/.); the inhabit- 
 ants of Penestia, Penestae, -arum (m.). 
 
 Pcnius, the, Peneus, -i (to.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Peneus, Peneus, -a, -um, and 
 PeneiuB, a, -um ; pecul. fern., Peneis, 
 -idos. 
 
 Pennine (Alps), Pennina) Alpes (/.), v. 
 Alps ; of or relaliug to the Pennine Alps, 
 Pennine, Penninus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, -sb (/.) ; 
 Penngylvanian, Pennsylvanius, -a, -um. 
 
 Pennus, Pennus, -i (m.). 
 
 Pentadius, Pentadius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Pentapolis, PentapSlis, -is (/.) , of or be- 
 longing to Pentapolis, Pentap5litanua, 
 -a, -uir. 
 
 Pentertactylos (Mount), TaygStus, -i (m.). 
 
 Pentelirus (Mount), Pentelicus, -i (m.); 
 of o) belonging to Mount Peyitelicns, 
 Pentelicus, -a, -um, a7id Pentelensis, -e. 
 
 Penthesilea, Penthfisilea, -bb (/). 
 
 Pentheus, Pentbeus, -eos or -ei (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to Pentheus, Pentheus, -a, 
 •um ; son or descendant of Pentheus, 
 PenthSdes, -m (m.). 
 
 Pentri, the, Pentri, -orum (m.). 
 
 Peparethus, Pfiparethus, -i (/.) ; of or he- 
 longing to Peparethus, Peparethius, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Pera, Chrysocgras, -atis (w.). 
 
 Peraa, Pereea, -» (/.). 
 
 Percival, Percivallus, -i (m.). 
 
 Perco/e. Percote, -es (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Percote, Percotius, -a, -um. 
 
 Perdiccas, Perdiccas, -m (m.). 
 
 Perdix, Perdix, -icis (m.). 
 
 Peregrine, Peregilnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Perenna, Perenna, -8b (/.). 
 
 Pere7inis, Perennis, -is (to.). 
 
 Perga, Perga, -a (/) ; of or belonging to 
 Perga, PergffiUs, -a, -um, and Pergen- 
 sis, -e. 
 
 Pergamris, PergSma. -orum ; Pergftmum, 
 i (n.) ; and PergSmus, -i (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Pergamvs, Pergamgnus, -a, 
 -nm, and Pergameus, -a, -um. 
 
 / rgus, Fergus, -i (m.). 
 
 leriander, Periander, -dri, and Perian- 
 drus, -i (m.). 
 
 Peribomius, Peribomius, -H (m.). 
 
 Pericles, Pericles, -is (and sometimes -1) 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 rericlymenus, Periclymgnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Perigord, Petricoriensis regie (/.). 
 
 Perigueux, Petrlcorium, -Ii (n.). 
 
 Peritaus, PerilSus, -i (m.). 
 
 Perilla, Perilla, -ae (/.). 
 
 Perillius, Perilliue, -ii («.). 
 
 Perillus. Perillus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Perillus, Perin§u8, -a, -um. 
 ferimede. Perimgde, -es (/.); Perimidl- 
 
 an, Perimedeus, -a, -um.' 
 Perimele. Perimgle, es (/.). 
 Pennihus, Perinthus, -i (/.); cfor belong- 
 740 
 
 PET 
 
 I ing to Pennihus, Perinthian, Perinthius, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Periphanes, Periphanes, -is (m.). 
 
 Periphas, Periphas, -antis (nt.). 
 
 Periphetes, Periphetee, -m (m.). 
 
 Permessus, the, Permessus, -i (to.) of or 
 relating to the Permessus, Permeesiue, 
 •a, -um ; pecul. fern., Permessis, -idia. 
 
 Pemambuco, Femambocum, -i (n.). 
 
 Pero, Pero, -ts (/.). 
 
 PeroUa, Perolla, -bb (/.). 
 
 Perouse, Perusa, -sb (/). 
 
 Perpenna, Perpenna, -as (m.). 
 
 Perperene, Perperene, -es (/.); of or be- 
 longing to Perperene, Perpgrenus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Perperna, Perperna, -sb (to.). 
 
 Perpignan, Perpinianum, -i («.). 
 
 Perrhcebi, the, Perrhjebi. -orum (m.) ; the 
 country of the Perrhabi, Perrhsebia, -sb 
 (/.) ; Perrhabian, Perrhaibius, -a, -um. 
 
 Persa, Persa, -se (m.). — 2. (/.) a woman's 
 name ; daughter of Persa, Persgis, -Idis 
 
 Jf). 
 
 Persaus, Persajus, -i (to.). 
 
 Persephone, v. Proserpina. 
 
 Persepolis, Persfipftlis, -is (/.). 
 
 Perses, Perses, -b (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Perses, Perseius, -a. -um, and Perseus, 
 -a, -um ; daughter of Perses, PersSie, 
 
 -idi8(/.). 
 
 Perseus, Perseus, -eos or -ei (m); of or re- 
 lating to Perseus, Per?eiu8, -a, -um, and 
 Persgus, -a, -um ; peenL fern., Perseis, 
 -Idis. 
 Persia, Persia, -Idis (/.)-, Persia, m ^j., ; 
 of or belonging to Persia, Persian, Per- 
 sicus, -a, -um, and (late) Perseus, a, 
 -um ; pec^il. fern., Persis, -Jdis ; a Per- 
 sian, Persa and Perses, -te (m.) ; At 
 Persians, Persee, -arum (to.). 
 
 Persicus, Persicus, -i (m.), an appellative ; 
 of or relating to Persicus, Persicianus, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Persis, v. Persia. 
 
 Persins, Persius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Perth, Fanum St. Joannis ad Tarum; Per- 
 tbum, -i (?«.). 
 
 Pertinax, Pertinax, -Scis (m.). 
 
 Peru, Peruvia, -» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Peru, Peruvianus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Perugia, > Pgrtlsia, -je (/.) ; of or belong- 
 
 Perusia, J ing to Perusia, Perusian, 
 P6rusinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pesaro, Pisaurum, -i (w.), q. t. 
 
 Pescara, Aternum, -I (re.). 
 
 Pescara, the, Atemus, -i (m.). 
 
 Pescennius, Pescennius, -Ii (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Pescennius, Pe^ennifinus, -a, 
 •um. 
 
 Pessintis, Pessinus, -untis (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Pessinus, Pessinuntius, -a, 
 -um, and (late) Pessinunticus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Pesth, Pessiiun, -ii (re.). 
 
 Pesti, Pffistum, -i (n.), q. t. 
 
 Petale, Petale, -es (/.). 
 
 Petavio, Petavio, -finis (/.) ; of Petavio, 
 Petavionensis, -e. 
 
 Peter, Petrus, -j (n».). 
 
 Peterborough, Petuaria, ■» (/) ; Petro- 
 burgum, -i (re.). 
 
 Petersburg, St., Petropfilis, -is (/.). 
 
 Petentardein, Acimincum, -1 (n.). 
 
 Petilia. Petilia, -as (/.) ; of Petilia, Pettii- 
 an, Petilinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Petilium, Petilium, -ii (re.). 
 
 Petiliua, Petllius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Petilins, Petilian, Petilius, -a, -um, 
 and Petilianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Petosiris, Petfislris, -Idis (m.). 
 
 Petra, Petra, sb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Petra, Petrajus, -a, -um, and (late) Pe- 
 trensis, -e ; pecul. masc, Petrltes, -sb. 
 
 Peircea, Petrsa, -bb (/.), Arabia ; of Ara- 
 bia Petrcea, PetTSBUs, -a, -wra. 
 
 Petreius, Petreius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Petreius, Petreianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Petrince, Petrln», -arum (/.); of or be- 
 longing to Pelrince, Petrlnus, -a, -um. 
 
 Petro, Petro, -finis (m.). 
 
 Petrocorii, the, Petr6c6rii, -orum (m.) ; of 
 or belonging to the Petrocorii, Petrficfir- 
 icus, -a, -um. 
 
 Petronia, Petronia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Petronius, Petrfinius, -ii (to.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Petronius, Petronian, Petronina, 
 -a. -um, and Petronianus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Petrus, v. Peter. 
 
 Ptttalus, Pettalus, -i (m.>. 
 
 PH A 
 
 Pence, Peuce, -es ( /.) ; of or belonging a. 
 Peuce, Peucenus, -a, -um. 
 
 Peucestes, Peucestes, -is (to.). 
 
 Peucetia, Peucetia, -» (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Peucetia, Peucetian, Peucetiiis. 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Phadum, Phacium, -ii (re.). 
 
 Phaacia, Phseacia, -sb (/.) ; the Ptutaci 
 ans, Phseaces, -um (ra.) ; in sing., Ph«9- 
 ax, -acis ; Phaacian, Phaeacius, -a, -nm, 
 and PhsBacus, -a, -um. 
 
 Ph<Bdimus, Phasdimus, -i (m.). 
 
 Phado, Phaido, -onis (to.). 
 
 Phadra, Phsedra, -aj (/.). 
 
 Phadria, Phaidria or Phsedrias, -ee (ra.). 
 
 Phtedrus, Phaidrus, -i (m.). 
 
 Phaneas, Phajneas, -ss (to.). 
 
 Phaoeomes, Phaiocomes, -sb (tn,.). 
 
 Phastum, Phajstum, -i (n.) ■ Phajstus. -l 
 (/•) ; of or belonging to Phastum, PhsBS 
 tius, -a, -um ; pecul. fern., PhEEstias, -adis. 
 
 Phaithon, Phfietbon, -ontis (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to PhaHhon, Phaethontius, -a, 
 -um, and Phagthonteus, -a, -um ; pecul. 
 fem., PhaStbontias, -adis, and Phaethoa- 
 tis, -idis. 
 
 Phaethusa, Phaethusa, -as (/.). 
 
 PhaUecus, Phalaicus, -i (m.). 
 
 Phalangius, Phalangius, -ii (»».). 
 
 Phalanna, Pbalanna, -sb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Phalanna, Phalannseus, -a, -um. 
 
 Phalantus, Phalantus, -i (to.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Phalantus, Phalanteus, -a, -um, 
 and Phalantjnus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Phalara, Phalara, -orum (re.). 
 
 Phalaris, Phal&ris, -idis, ace. -idem or -ia 
 (m.). 
 
 Phalasamt, i haiasame, -es ^/) ; oj orbe 
 longing to Phalasarne, PbalasamSus, a, 
 um. 
 
 Phalasia, Phalfisia, -ae (/.). 
 
 Phaleg, Pbaleg, indecl (m.). 
 
 Phalerum, Pbalerum, -i, and Phalera, 
 •drum (re.) ; of or belonging to Phale- 
 rum, Phalericus, -a, -um ; pecul. masc, 
 Phalereus, eos or -ei. 
 
 Pkalerion, Pbalerion, -finis (m.). 
 
 Phalerus, Phalerus, -i (to.). 
 
 Phalesina, Phalesina, -ae (/.). 
 
 Phaliscns, Phaliscus, -i (to.); of or reUuing 
 to Phaliscus, Phaliscus, a, -um 
 
 Phaloria, Pbaloria, -sb (/.). 
 
 Phamea, Phamea, -aj (m!). 
 
 Phana, Phanffi, -arum (/.) ; of or heumg 
 ing to Phana, Phanseus, -a, -um. 
 
 Phanagoria. Phanagoria, -as (J.). 
 
 Phanias. Phanias, -as (m.). 
 
 Phanote, Phanote, -es (/.). 
 
 Phanotea, Phanotea, -sb (/.) 
 
 Phanuel, Phanuel, -elis (to.). 
 
 Phaon, Phaon, -onis (to.), lover of Sappho 
 
 2. Phaon, -ontis (to.), freedman of Nero 
 
 Phara, Pbaras. -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Phara, Pharaeus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pharaoh, Pbarao or Pharaon, -onis (to.). 
 
 Pharasmnnes, Pharasmanes, -is (to.). 
 
 Pharathon, Pharathon, -finis (/.) ; an in- 
 habitant of Pharathon, Pharathonites, 
 ■SB (m.). 
 
 Pharisee, a, PharisBUs, -i (to.) ; the Phari- 
 sees, Pharissei, -firum (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Pharisees, Pharisaic, Phari- 
 seeus, a, um, and Pharisaicus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pharmacusa, Pharmacusa, -SB (/.). 
 Phamabaius, Phamabazus, -i (to.). 
 Pkamaces, Phamaces, -is (to.). 
 Phamacia, Phamacia, -w (/.). 
 Pharos, Pharos or Pharus, -i (f.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Pharos, Phfirius, -a, -um, and 
 Phariftcus, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of 
 Pharos, PharitsB. -arum (to.). 
 Pharsalus, Pliarsalus. i (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Pharsalus, Pharsalian, Pharsali- 
 ens, -a, um, and Pbarsalius, -a, -um. 
 Pharus, v. Pharos. 
 Pharusii, the, Pharusli, -orum (to.) 
 Phasania. Phnsania, -sb (/.). 
 Phaselis, Pbasglis, -idis (/.); of or belong 
 ing to Phaselis, Phasellnus, -a, -um ; the 
 inhabitants of Phaselis, Phaselltse, -arum 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Phasis, the, Phasis, -is and -idis («.) ; of or 
 belonging to the Phasis, Phasianns, -a, 
 -um, and Phasiacus, -a, -um ; pecul. fem^ 
 Phaeias, -idis, and Phasis, -Idis (peetfot 
 Colchian). 
 
 Phatnitic, Phatniticus, -a, -um ; the Phai- 
 nitic mouth (of the Nile), PhatniticuiD 
 Ostium.
 
 PH I 
 
 Phatania, Phazania, -sb (/.) ; o/or beU»ig- 
 ing to Pha:ania, Phazanius, -a, -um. 
 
 Pheca, Pheca, -a; (/.). 
 
 Phegeits, Phegous, -eos or -ei (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to Plugeus, PhegeiuB, -a, -um ; 
 daughter of Phtgeut, Phegis, -Idie (/.)• 
 
 Phetlus, Phellus, i (m.). 
 
 Phelliisa, Phellusa, -le (/.). 
 
 P'lemius, Pheraius, ii (m.). 
 
 Phemonoe, I'hemonfte, -es (/.). 
 
 Plieneus, Pheneus or Pheneos, -i (/.). tmd 
 Pheneum, -i {n.) ; the inhabitants of 
 Pheneus, Phentata3, -arum (m.). 
 
 Phera, Pheras, -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Plura, P/teraan, Phermue, -a, -um. 
 
 P/ieredus, Phdreclus, -i (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Phereclus, Phcrecleus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pherecrate.s, Pherccr&tes, -is (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Pherecrates, Pherecrfttius, -a, 
 ■um. 
 
 Pktrecydea, Pherecydes, -is (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Pherecydes, Pherecjdius, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Pkeree, Pheres, -etis (to.) ; ton of Pheres 
 Pheretiades, -ai (m.). 
 
 Pktretus, Pheretus, -i (m.). 
 
 Pherenti, the, Pherczaji, -orum (to.). 
 
 Phiale, Phiale, es (/.). 
 
 Phidias, Pliidiiis, -iB(m.); of or relating to 
 Phidias, Phidiacus, -a, -um. 
 
 Phidippides, Phidippjdes, -is (to.). 
 
 Phidippns, Phidippus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Phidon, Phidon, -onis (to.). 
 
 Phidyle, Phidyle, -es (/.). 
 
 Phigellus, Phigellus, -i (»n.). 
 
 Philadelphia, Philadelphia, -8B (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Philadelphia, Philadelphi- 
 an, Philadelphenus, -a, -um ; the Phila- 
 delphians, Philadelpheni, -orum (to.). 
 
 Philadelphus, Philadelphus, .i (m.). 
 
 PhiUe, PhiliB, -arum (/.). 
 
 Philteni, Philaani, -orum or -tn (to.). 
 
 Philanis, Philiienis, -idis (/.). 
 
 PhiUenius, Philrenius, -ii (m.). 
 
 PhiUznus, v. Phileeni. 
 
 Philagrius, Philagrius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Philagrius, Philagrianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Philammon, Philammon, -ouis (to.). 
 
 Philarchiis, Philarchus, -i (m.). 
 
 Philargyms, Philargyrus, -i (to.). 
 
 Phileas, Phileas, -a) (to.). 
 
 Philcmcnus, Philemgnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Philemon, Philemon, -finis (to.). 
 
 Pkileros, Phileros, -Otis (to.). 
 
 Philesius, PhilesiuB, -ii (m.). 
 
 Philetcerus, Philetajrus, -i (m.). 
 
 Philetas, Philetas, -» (to.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Philetas, PhiletsBUs, -a, -um. 
 
 Philetes, Philetas, -w (to."). 
 
 Philelus, Philetus, -i (m.)- 
 
 Philibcrt, Philibertus, -i (to.). 
 
 Philinus, Philinus, i (m.). 
 
 Philip, Philippus, i (to.), q. v 
 
 Philippa, Philippa, -aj (/.). 
 
 Philippeville, Philipp6p61is, -is (/.), q. v. 
 Philippi, Philippi, -orum (to.) ; nf or be- 
 longing to Philippi, Philippeus, -a -um; 
 Philippensis, e ; and Philippicus, -a, 
 ■um ; the Philippians, Philippensos, -ium 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Philippides, Philippides, -88 or .is (m.). 
 
 PhilippOpdlis, Philippopolis, -is (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Philippopolis, Philipp6p6- 
 litanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Philippus, Philippus, -i (to.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Philippus or Philip, Philippicus, 
 a, -um, and Philippfius, -a. -um. 
 
 Pkilipsburg, Philippopfilis, -is (/.), q. v. 
 
 Philiscus, Philiscus, -i (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Philiscus, Philiscius, -a, -um. 
 
 Philistines, the, Philistaei, and Philisdni, 
 •orum (to.') ; the country of the Philis- 
 tines, Philistffia, -ffi, and Philistiim, in- 
 deel. (/.) ; Philistine, Philistajus, -a, -um, 
 and Philistinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Philistio, Philistio, -onis (to.). 
 
 Philistus, Philistus, -i (to.). 
 
 Phillyrides, v. Philyra. 
 
 Philo, Philo, -ftnis (to.). 
 
 Philocharis, Philocharis, -is (to.). 
 
 PhilorJiotHs. PhilfichCrus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Philocles, Philficles. -is (m.). 
 
 Philocrates, Philocrates, -Is (to.). 
 
 Philocteles, Philoctetes, -as (to.) ; of or re- 
 lating t0 Philoctetes, PhiloctSttBUS, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 "hilndamiit, PhilodSmus, -i (to.). 
 
 philodemtis, Philodemus, -i (to.). 
 
 Philodorut Philodorus. -i (to.). 
 
 P H O 
 
 Philogenes, Phil6geDes, is (to.). 
 Philiigonut. PhilfigOnns, -i (to.). 
 PhiUAaus, Philfilaus, -i (m.). 
 Philomtdes, Philomedee, -is or -w (m.). 
 Philomela, Philomela, a) (/.)■ 
 Philomelium, Philomelium, -ii (n.) ; of Or 
 belonging to Philomtlium, Pbilomfilien- 
 sis, -e. 
 Philomilus, Phil6melu8, -i (ra.). 
 Phitametnr, Philometor, -oris (m.). 
 Philon, V. Philii. 
 Phiionides, PhilSnides, aj (m.). 
 Philmiis, Philonis, -Idis (/.). 
 Philnpator, PhildpStor, -fins (m.). 
 Philojthron, Philfiphron, -finis (m.). 
 Philopcemen, PhilfipoBraen, -finis (■».). 
 Philostratus, Philostrfttus, -i (m.). 
 Philotas, Philotas, -w (to.). 
 Phitotera, Philotera, -m (/.). 
 Philotes, Philotes, -as (to.) 
 Philotimus, PhilfiOmus, -i (m.). 
 Philoxenus, Philoxgnus, -1 (ra.). 
 Philus, Philus, -i (m.). 
 Philyra, Philyra, -m (/.); of or relating to 
 Philyra, Philyrteus, -a, -um, and Phily- 
 reius, -a, -um ; son of Philyra, Philjrl- 
 des (poet. Phillyr-), •» (m.). 
 Philyrides, v. foregoing. 
 Phineas. Phineas, -sj (ra.). 
 Phineus, Phineus, -eos or ei (m.) ; of or 
 relating to Phinens, Phinfeue, -a -um, 
 and Phineius, -a, -um ; son of Pkiurus, 
 Phinides. -a3 (m.). 
 Phindpilis. Phinfipfilis, -is (/.). 
 Phintia, Phintia, -es (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Phintia, Phintiensis, -e 
 Phintias, Phintias, -se (ra.). 
 Phison, the, Phison, -6ni8 (to.). 
 Phlegethon, PhlegSthon, -ontis (to.); nf irr 
 belonging to Pldegethon, Phlegethoiite 
 U8, -a, -um, and Phl6g6thontiu8, -a, um . 
 pecnl.fem., Phlegethontis, -Idis. 
 Phlcgon, Phlegon, -ontis (to.). 
 Phlegra, Phlegra, -» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Phlegra, Phlegra^us, -a, -um. 
 Phlegraus, Phlegreeus, -i (m.). 
 Phlegyas, PhlSgyas, -as (m.). 
 Phlins, Philus, -nntis (/.) ; of or beUmg- 
 ing to Phlius, Phliasian, Phliftsins, -a, 
 •um; the inhabitants of Phlius, Phliun- 
 tii, -orum (to.). 
 Phlogis, Phlogis, -Idis (/.). 
 Phobetor, Phobfitor, -oris (m.). 
 Phoca, Phoca, -8b (to.). 
 Phocaa, Phocsea, -« (/.); of or belonging 
 to Phocaa, Phoctsan, Phoc^cue, -a, -nm ; 
 Phoceeus, -a, um : and Ph6c8Ben8is, -e ; 
 pecul. fern., Phocais, -Idis ; the inhabit- 
 ants of phocaa, PhocBBenses, -ium, tnd 
 Phocffii, -orum (ra.). 
 Phocas, Phocas, -as (to.). 
 Phocion, Phocion, -Onis (m.). 
 Phocis. Phocis. -idis (/.) , of or bclofiging 
 to phocis, Phocian, Phocaicus, -a, -um ; 
 Phoceus, -a, -um ; and Phocensis, -e ; 
 the Phodans, Phocenses, -ium (m.) 
 Phocns, Phocus, -i (to.). 
 Phoda, Phoda, -w (/.). 
 Phcebas, Phcebas, -ftdis (/.). 
 1 Phabe, Phosbe, -es (/.). 
 
 Phmbidas. PhoBbidns, -as (m.). 
 ; Phashiis, Phoebus, -i (to.) ; of or relating to 
 Phmbiis, PhoBbeus, -a, -um , PhoebSiuB, 
 -a, um ; and Phoebiftcus, -a, -um. 
 Phmnice, Phoenice, -es (/.). 
 Phoenicia, Phoenice, -es, and Phoenicia, -ea 
 if) ' ojfor belonging to Ph/tnieia.. Pha- 
 nician, Phoenicius, -a, -um ; peail. masc, 
 Phoenix, -Icis; pecul fern., ?hcBnisea,-BB; 
 the Phcenicians, Phoenices, -Um (m.). 
 Phcenicus, Phoenicus. -untis (/.). 
 Phanicusa, Phoenlciisa, -8b (/.). 
 Phtrnix, Phoenix, -Icis (ra.). 
 Pholegandrus, Pholegandrus, -i (/.). 
 Pholoe (Mount), Phoifie, -es (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Pholoe, Pholfifiticus, -a, -um. 
 Pholus, Pholus, -1 (ra.). 
 Phorbas, Phorbas, -antis (m.). 
 Phorcus, Phorcus, -i, or Phorcys, -yes 
 (ra.) ; daughter of Phorcus, Phorcis, 
 ■Idis (/.). 
 Phormio, Phormio, jfinis (m.). 
 Phoroneus. Phfironeus, -eos or-ei (m.) ; of 
 or relating to Phoroneus, Phfirfineus, -a, 
 -um ; daughter or female descendant q/ 
 Phoroneus, Phoronis, Idis (/.). 
 Phorontis, Phorontis, -Jdis (/.). 
 Photinus, Photinus, -i (to.) ; followers of 
 Photinns, Photiniani. -orum («■> 
 
 P IS 
 
 Phoiius, Photius, -ii (ro.). 
 
 Phraates, Phraatcs or Phrabates -m i«» • 
 
 Phradmon, Phradmon, -6nl8 (».). 
 
 Pkraganda, Phragandee, -arum (/.). 
 
 Phrahatea. v. Phraates. 
 
 Pkrixus. Phrixus, -i (ra.) ; of or relating u 
 
 Phrixus, Phrixgus, -a, -um. 
 Phrygia, Phrygia, -8b (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Phrygia, Phrygian, Phrygius, -a 
 -um ; the Phrygians, Phrygee, um (m ^ 
 in ring., Phryx, -ygis (m.). 
 Phryne, Phryne, es (/.). 
 Phrynichus, Phrynlchus, -i (m.). 
 phryx, the, Phryx, -ygis (to ' 
 Phlhia, Phthia, -m (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Phthia, Phthiue, -a, ■um ; pecul. fern., 
 Pbthias, ■ftdis ; tke territory of Phlhia, 
 Phthiitis, Phthiotis. Idis (/.) ; of or be^ 
 longing to Phthiotis, Phthiotlcue, -a, 
 -um ; the inhabitants of Phthia or Phthi- 
 otis. PhtliiotsB, ■arum (to.). 
 Pkyaces. Phyacee, 83 (to.). 
 Phycari, l/ie, Phycari, -orum (ra.). 
 Phycus, Phycus, .untis (to.). 
 Phylace, Phylace, -es (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Phylace, Phylaceus, -a, -uni. and 
 Phylaceius, ■a, ■nm ; pecul. fern.. Phy 
 laceis, idis. 
 Phylarchns, Phylarchus, -i (ra.;. 
 Phylax, Phylax, -ftcis (ra.). 
 Phyle, Ph jle, e^ (/.). 
 Phylleus, Phylleus, -eos or -el («. ; 
 Phyllis, Phyllis, -idis (/.). 
 Phyllius, Phyllius, -ii (m.). 
 Phyllodoce, Phyllfidoce, -es (/.). 
 Physcella, Physcella, -ee (/.). 
 Piacenza, Placentia, -ae (/), q. v. 
 Piava, the, Plavis, -is (to.). 
 Pieens, Picens, -entis (m.), v. Plcenuwt 
 Picentia, Picentia, -a; (/.). 
 Piceniim, Pirenum, -i (n.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Picen um, PIcenus, -a, -um , ft- 
 cens, -entis (adj.) ; and Picentinus -a, 
 -um; the Piccntines, Picentes, -ium (m.). 
 Pictavi, the, Pictavi, -orum (ra.) ; of or bo 
 longing to the Pictavi, Picta'-icus, -a, 
 -um, and Pictavus, -a, ■um 
 Pictones, the, Pictfines, ■um (m.) , o- ur be- 
 longing to the Pictones, Pictinicua, ■«. 
 ■um. 
 Picts, the, Picti, .orum (ra.). 
 Pirtor, Pictor -oris (to.). 
 Picns, Pious, -i (to.). 
 Pidauro or Pithauro, Epidaurus, ■! (/.). 
 
 q. V. 
 Piedmont. Pedemontium, -ii (n.). 
 Pieria, Pieria, -83 (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Pieria, Pierian, Pierius, a, um, and Pi 
 gricue, -a, um ; pecul. fetn., Pieria, -Idla, 
 especially in plural (of the Muses) ; tJu 
 Pierians, Pieres, -um (m,). 
 Pierus, Pi§rus, -i (to.). 
 Pietoltt, Andes, -ium (/.). 
 Pilate, Pilatus. -i (to.). 
 Pilia, Pilin, -te (/.). 
 Pilius, Pilius, -ii (m.). 
 Pilumnus, Pilumnus, -i (ra.). 
 Pimplea, Pimplea, ■» (/.) ; of or relating 
 to Pimplea, Pimplean, Pimpleus. a, -um , 
 pecul. fern., Pimpleis, -Idis, and Pimpll- 
 88, -adis ; esp. in pi. (/or the Muses). 
 Pinara, Pinara, ■» (/) ; the inhabilants of 
 
 Pinara, Pinnrita?, -arum (to.). 
 Pinarius, Pinftrius, -ii (m.) ; usually in plu- 
 ral, the Pinani, Pinftrii, -orum. 
 Pinarus. the, Pinfirus -i (to.). 
 Pindar. Pindirue, -1 (ra.) ; of or relating l« 
 Pindar, Pindaric, Pindftrlcus, -a, -um. 
 and (late) Pindireus, -n, -um. 
 Pindasns (Mount). Pindasus, -i (to.i. 
 Pmdenissus, Pindenissus, -i (/.); the in- 
 habitants nf Pindenissus, PindeniMtB, 
 -arum (to.). 
 Pindus (Mount), Pindus, -1 (m.) 
 Pinnius, Pinnius, -ii (m). 
 Pinus, PInu?, -i (m.\ 
 Pirmbino. Phimbir.um, -i (n ) 
 Piperno. Privernum, i (n.). 
 Pippa, Pippa, -ee (/,). 
 Piraus, Pireeus, -i (ra.) ; Piraseus, -eos ot 
 ■ei (ra.) ; and Pirsn, -orum (n.) ; of ot 
 belonging to Pir<eus. Pira-ue, -a, -um. 
 Pirene, Pirgng, -es (/.) : of Pircne, Pireni 
 
 an, Pirfinis, -Idis (fern. adj.). 
 Pirithous. Pirithfius, -i (to.). 
 Pirusti. the. Pirusti, orum (m.V 
 Puia, Piea, -a; (/.); of or relating to Pisa, 
 PiseeUB, -a, um. — 2. tiie ancisnt Pisa 
 q. T. 
 
 741
 
 P L 1 
 
 risa. ^Pisee, -arum (/) ; ^f or belonging 
 Pisa J to Pisa, Pisan, Pisfflue, -a, -um, 
 
 and Pieanns, a, -um. 
 Pisander, Pisander, -dri (m.). 
 Pisatelk), Rubicon, onie (m.). 
 Pisauriim, Pisaurum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Pisaurum, Pisanrensis, -e. 
 Pisaurua, the, Pisaurus, -i (m.). 
 Piscnor, Pisenor, -oris (m.). 
 Pisidia, Pisidia, -8b (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Pisidia, Pisidian, Pisidicus, -a, -um ; 
 ike Ptsids, Pisidaa, -arutn (»».). 
 Pisistratus, Pisistratus, -i (m.) ; son of Pi- 
 
 sistratus, Pieistratides, -66 (ra.). 
 Pisitheiis, Pisithens, -i (m.)- 
 Piso, Piso, onis (m.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Piso, Pisonianus, -a, •um. 
 Pigtoia, Pistorium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Pistoia, Pistoriensia, -e. 
 Pistut, Pistus, -i (m.). 
 Pitana, Pitana, -», and PitSne, -ea (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Pitana, Pitdneus, -a, 
 -am. 
 Pitharatus. Pitharatus, -i (m.). 
 Pithecusa, Pithecflsa, », and PithecfissB, 
 
 -aram (/.). 
 Pilkolaus, Pithdlaiis, -i (m.). 
 Pilholeon, Pitholeon, -ontis (m.). 
 Pitinum, Pitinum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Pitinum, Pitinas, -5ti8 {adj.). 
 Pittacus, Pittacus, -i (m.). 
 Pittheus, Pittheus, -eos or -ei (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to Pittheus, Pitthgua or Pit- 
 theiua, -a, -um ; peeul. fenu, Pitthfiis, 
 -Idia. 
 Pituanius, Pituanius, -ii (to.). 
 PUulum, Pitulum, -i (n.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Pitulum, Pitulanus, -a, -um. 
 Pityusa, the, Pityusse, arum (/.). 
 Pitis, Pius, -ii (TO.). 
 
 Placentia, Placentia, -ee (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Placentia, PlacendnuB, -a, -um. 
 Placia, Placia, -ifi (/.). 
 Placideianus, PlacideiSnus, -1 (m.). 
 Placidia, Placidia, -eb (/.). 
 Placidua, Placidus, -i (m.). 
 Platorius, Plietorius, -ii (m.) ; of or reUu- 
 ing to Plcetorius, Plcetorian, Plffitorina, 
 •a, -um, and Plaetorianus, a, -um. 
 Plaguleius, Plaguleius, -ii (m.). 
 Plaisance, Placentia, -as (/.). 
 Planaria, Planaria, -as (/.). 
 Planasia, Planasia, -m (/.). 
 Plancina, Plancina, -bb (/.). 
 Plantius, Plancius, -ii (to.). 
 Pianette, Planets, -arum (/.). 
 Plancus, Plancus, -i (to.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Plancus, Plancianus, -a, -um. 
 Planius. Planius, -ii (m.). 
 Plat<t(t, PiatiesB, -arum (/.); of or belong- 
 ing to Plataa, Plattean, PlatiBSBua, -a, 
 •um, arid Platasenais, -e ; the inhabitant* 
 of Plattttt, Plata-enses, -ium (to.). 
 Platea, Platea, -SB (/.). 
 Platea, Plateas, -arum (/.). 
 Plato, Plato, -onia (ra.) ; of or relating to 
 Plato, Platonic, Platonicua, -a, -um ; the 
 Platonists, Platonici, -orum (to.). 
 Plator, Plator, -oria (m.). 
 Plautia, Plautia, -m if). 
 Plautianus, Plautianua, -i (m.). 
 Plautillua, Plautillua, -i (m.). 
 Plautius, Plautius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Plautius, Plautian, Plautius, -a, -um. 
 Plautus, Plautus, -i (to.) ; of or relating to 
 Plautus, PlautJnua, -a, -um, and Plauti- 
 anus, a, -um. 
 Plavis, the, PlSvia, -Is (to.). 
 Pleiad, a. Pleias, -ftdie (/.) ; the Pleiads, 
 
 Pleiades, um (/.). 
 Pleione, Plei6ne, -es (/.). 
 Pleminius, Pleminiua, -ii (to.); of or be- 
 longing to Pleminius, Pleminianua, -a, 
 -um. 
 Plemmyrium, Plemmyrium, -ii (n.). 
 Plestia, Plestia, -» (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Plestia, Plestinua. -a, -um. 
 Pleumosii, the, Pleumoaii or Pleumoxii, 
 
 -orum (m.). 
 Plturatus, Pleuratus -I (to.). 
 Pleuron, Pleuron, -onis (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Pleuron. Pleuronius, -a, -um. 
 Plinius, Plinius, -ii (to.); of or relating to 
 
 Plinv, Plinianus, -a, -um. 
 Plinthius. Plinthius, -il (to.). 
 Pliny, Plinius, -ii (to.), q. ▼. 
 Pliethenes, Plisthfinea, -ia (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to PUsthenes, PUsthenius, -a, -um ; 
 mm of PUsthenes, PlisthSnldea, -sb («».). 
 742 
 
 POM 
 
 Plistia, T. Plestia. 
 Plitendum, Plitendum, -i (n.). 
 Plocamus, Plocamua, -i (to.). 
 Plot<E, the. Plot*, -arum (/.), Inaulea. 
 Plotina, Plotina, -te (/.). 
 Plotinus, Plotinus, -i (m.). 
 Plotius, Plotius, -ii (ra.). 
 Plutarch, Plutarchus, -i (to.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Plutarch, PlutarchSua, -a, um. 
 Plutianus, Plutianus, -i (ra.). 
 Pluto, Pluto or P'uton, -onia (to.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Pluto, Plutonian, Plfltfinius, a, 
 -am. 
 Plutus, Plfltus, -i (m.). 
 Pluvina, Pluvina, -m (/.). 
 Plymouth, Tamaropolia, -is (/.) ; Plymouth 
 
 Sound, Tamari Ostia. 
 Po, the, Padua, -i (m.), q. v. ; Oreek and 
 
 poet., Eridanus, -i (ra.). 
 Podalirius, Podalirius, -ii (to.). 
 Podarce, Podarce, -es (/.). 
 Podarces, Podarces, -ia (to.). 
 Pceas, Poeas, -antis (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Pceas, Poeantius, -a, -um ; son of Paat, 
 PcBantiades, •» (m.). 
 Pcecile, PoBcile, es (/.). 
 Pmni, the, v. Carthage. 
 Panius, Poenius, .ii (m.). 
 Poitiers, Pictaviima, -ii (n.). 
 Poitou, Agar Pictavicus or Pict6nicu8 , t. 
 
 Pictavi and Pictdnes. 
 Pola, Pola, -83 (/.), a city ; of or belonging 
 to Pola, Polensis, -e, and Pdlaticua, a, 
 -um. — 2. (ra.) a man's name. 
 Poland, Polonia, -ea (/.) ; Polish, Polonl- 
 ensis, -e ; in classical Latin included in 
 Sarmatia, -s (/.). 
 Points, Poleas, -m (ra.). 
 Polemarchus, Polemarchua, -1 (m.). 
 Polemo, Polfimo or Polemon, -Cnia (m.); 
 of or relating to Polemo, PolemOnfiua, 
 -a, -um, and Polemoniacus, -a, am. 
 Polemoerates, Polemocrates, -ia (to.). 
 Polieastro, Buxentum, -i (re.) ; Gulf of 
 
 Policastro, Lails, -i (m.) .''inus. 
 Policoro, Heraclea, -bb (/.). 
 Poliorcetes, Poliorcetes, -as (ra.). 
 Poliles, PSlItes, -sb (to.). 
 Polla, Polla, a (/.). 
 
 Pollentia, ? PoUentia, -bb (/.) ; of or be- 
 Pollenza, J longing to Pollentia,P6\leTi- 
 
 dnua, -a, -um. 
 Polles, PoUes, -etia (m.). 
 Pollio, Pollio, -onis (to.). 
 Pollius, Pollius, -ii (ra.). 
 Pollutia, PoUutia, -bb (/.). 
 Pollux, Pollux, -ilcis (TO.). 
 Polus, Polus, -i (ra.). 
 Polusca, Poluaca, -bb (f.). 
 Polyemvs, Polyesnua, -l (».). 
 Polyaratus, Polyaratua, 4 (to.> 
 Polybe, Polybe, -ea (/.). 
 Polybetes, Pb\fb&tes, -bb (to.). 
 Polybius, Pdlybias, -ii (to.). 
 
 Polybus. PolybuB, 4 (to.V 
 
 Polycarp, Polycarpua, -1 (to.). 
 
 Polycharmus, Pol^charmua, i (m.). 
 
 Polycles, Polyclea, -ia (m.). 
 
 Poly clevis, Polyclfitus, 4 (ra.) ; of or rtlat- 
 ing to Polycletus, PolycletSus, -a, -am. 
 
 Polycrates, Polycrates, 4s (ra.). 
 
 Polycratia, Polycratia, -® (/.)• 
 
 Polydamon, PolydEemon, -ftnls («.). 
 
 Polydamas, Polydftmaa, -antia (to.). 
 
 Polydectes, Polydectes, -bb (to.). 
 
 Polydector, Polydector. -Sris («.). 
 
 Polydora, Polydora, -bb (/.). 
 
 Polydarus, \ Polydorua, 4 (to.) ; of or re- 
 
 Polydore, J lating to Polydorut, Poly- 
 doreus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pobjgnotus, PolyanOtus. 4 (to.). 
 
 Polyhymnia, Polyhymnia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Polyidus, Polyidus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Polymesior, Polymestor or Polymneator, 
 -Sria (ra.). 
 
 Polymnus, Polymnus, 4 (m.). 
 
 Polynlces, Polynlces, -ia (to.). 
 
 Polypemon, Polypemon, -6ni8 (to.). 
 
 Polyphemus, Polyphemus, 4 (to.). 
 
 Polyphonies, Polyphontea, -bp (to.). 
 
 Polypmtes, Polypoetea, -bb (to.). 
 
 Polyzena, Polyxena, -86, or Polyxfine, -e» 
 (/■) : "/ or belonging to Polyxena, Po- 
 lyxBniua, -a, -um. 
 
 Polyxenus, Polyxenus. 4 (to.). 
 
 Polyxo, Polyxo, -i3a (/.). 
 
 Pomerania, Pomerania, -bb (/.); Pomera- 
 nian, Pomeranus, a, -um. 
 
 Pometia. PomStia, -bb (/.) ; Pomfitii, -orom 
 
 POT 
 
 (m.) ; of Pometia, Pometian, Ponietinai 
 -a, -um. and I'ometinensis, e. 
 Pomona, Pomona, •bb (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Pomona, Pomonalis, -e. 
 Pompeia, Pompeia, bb (/.). 
 Pompeianus, Pompeianua, -i (m.). 
 Pompeii, Pompeii, -orura (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Pompeii, Pompeianua, -a, 
 -um. 
 Pompeiopdlis, Pompeiopolis, -is (/.). 
 Pompeius, I Pompeius, -ii (ra.) ; of or re- 
 Pompey, y lating to Pompeius, PoMpit- 
 an, Pompeiinus, a, -um, and Pomp6I- 
 ua, -a, -um. 
 Pompilius, Pompiliua, -ii (to.) ; of or relat 
 ing to Pompilius, Pumpilian, Pompiliua, 
 •a, -um, and Pompilianua, -a, -um. 
 Pompilla, Pompilla, -bb (/.). 
 Pompilius, Pompiliua, -i (ra.). 
 Pomponia, Pomponia, -bb (/.). 
 Pomponian, Pomponianus, -i (to.). 
 Pomponius, Pomponius, -ii (to.) ; of or re 
 lating to Pomponius, Pomponian, Pom- 
 ponius, -a^ -um, and Pomponianus, -a, 
 -um. 
 Pomptine (Marshes), the, PomptinsB PalQ- 
 des ; Pomptina Palus ; Pomptine, Pomp- 
 tinus, Pomtinus, or Pontinus, -a, -um. 
 Pomptinus, PompSnus, i (ra.). 
 Pomtine {Marshes), v. Pomptine. 
 Pondicherry, Ponticerium, -ii (n.). 
 Pontia, Pontia, -bb (/.), a city , of or be- 
 longing to Pontia, Pontianua, -a, -um.— 
 2. a woman's name. 
 Ponticus, Ponticua, -i (to.). 
 Pontidia, Pontidia, -bb (f). 
 Pontidius, Pontidiua, -ii (»».). 
 Pontificius, Pontificius, -ii (ra.). 
 Pontine {Marshes), v. Pomptine. 
 Pontius, Pontius, -ii (to.). 
 Pontus, Pontus, 4 (ra.), a country. — 2. {th* 
 Euxine Sea), Pontus Euxtnus, and ab- 
 sol, Pontus, 4 (ra.). 
 Popilia, Popilia, -bb (/.). 
 Popilius, Popilius, -ii (to.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Popilius, PopUiua. -a, -am, and 
 Popilianus, -a, -um. 
 Poppita, Poppiea, -bb (/.). 
 Poppaus, PoppBBUs, 4 (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Poppteus, Popptean, Poppesufl, -a, -um, 
 and PoppBBanua, -a, -um. 
 Populonia, Populonia, -bb (/.), and Popu- 
 Ionium, -ii (k.) ; of or belonging to Pop- 
 ulonia, Populoniensis, -e. 
 Porcia, Porcia, •» (/.). 
 Porcius, Porcius, -ii (m.); of or relating to 
 Porciua or tlie Porcia gens, Poreian, 
 Porcius, -a, -um. 
 Porius, Porius, -ii (to.). 
 Poros, Calauria, -bb (/.). 
 Porphyria, Porphyrio, -onia (m.). 
 Porphyria, Porphyria, 4di8 (/.). 
 Porphyrins, U^ ^yrins, .jj („.). 
 Porphyry, <, " ' ' ^ 
 
 Porsenna, Porsgna or Porsenna, -ee (m.) 
 Port Mahon, v. Mahcm. 
 Porto, V. Oporto. 
 Porto Rico, Insula St. Joannia PortuB D»- 
 
 vitis. 
 Port Royal, Annapolis, -is (/.). 
 Portsmouth. Magnus Portus (to.). 
 Portugal, Lusitania, -bb {f), q. ▼. 
 Portumnus, Portumnua, 4 («.). 
 Portunus. Portunua, 4 (to.). 
 Poms, Porus, -i {m.). 
 Posen, Posna, -bb (/). 
 Posidea, Posidea, -bb (/.). 
 Posides, Posidea, -is (to.). 
 Posidenm, Posldeum, 4 (n.). 
 Posidipptis. Posidippus, 4 (to.). 
 Posidius, PoBidiua, 4i (to.) ; of or relattns 
 
 to Posidius, Posidianns, -a, -um. 
 Posidonia, Posidonia, -m (/.). 
 Posidonius, Posidonlus, -Ii (m.). 
 Posthumia, I Posthiimia or PoatAmla, -€B 
 Postumia, 5 (/•)• 
 
 Posthumius, JPosthiimius or Poattlmlus, 
 Postumius, J -ii (ra.) ; of or relating U 
 Postumiua, Postumtan, Poattimius, -a 
 -am. 
 Postumulenus, PostHmOlenua, 4 (to.). 
 Postumus, Postiimus or Posthlimua, 4 (m.) 
 Potamo, Potamo, -onis (m.). 
 Polentia, Potentia, -bb (/.); of or belong 
 
 ing to Potentia, Potentinua, -a, -uiu 
 Potentius, Potentlufl, 4i (to.). 
 Potenza, Potentia, -bb (/.), q. »• 
 Pothinus. Pothlnaa, -1 (to.). 
 Potidaa, Potidtea, -bb (/".)•
 
 Potidanta, Potidania, -te (/.). 
 
 PotUius, Potitius, -ii (m.) ; the Poiii'.i, Po- 
 titii, -orum (m.) ; ojf or beUmgiit^ lo Po- 
 titius, Potitianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Potuus, Potitus, -i (m.). 
 
 Polnue, PotnitB, -anim (/.) ; o/or belong- 
 ing to Poiniit, Potnias, -fciis (/em. adj.). 
 
 Potgdam, Bostampium, -ii (».). 
 
 Pozzuolo, Pute61i, -orum (ro.) ; Gulf of 
 Pozzuolo, Puu^olanus Sinus. 
 
 Pr/tneste, Prasneste, -is (n.), and Prajnes- 
 tis, -is (/.) ; of or belonging to Praneste, 
 Prienestinus, .a, -um. 
 
 Praiorium, Praitorium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Pratutian, Prajtutiue, -a, -um, and Prajtu- 
 ti&DUs, -a, -um. 
 
 Prague, Boiobinum, -i (n.) ; Praga, -m (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Prague, PragensiB, -e. 
 
 Prasitt, Prasiie, arum (/.). 
 
 Prasii, the, Prasii, -orum (m.) , of or be- 
 longing to the Prasii, Prasian, PraslA- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Prasulagus, Prasutngus, -i (m.). 
 
 Praxagoras, Praxigftras, -» (m.). 
 
 Praxeas, Pra.xeas, -w (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Praxeas, Praxeanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Praxilla, Praxilla, -te (/.). 
 
 Praxiteles, Praxiteles, -is (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Praxiteles, Praxitelius, -a, -nm. 
 
 Praxo, Praxo, -onis or -da (/). 
 
 Precianus, Precianus, -i (n».). 
 
 Prepesinthus, Prepeainthus or -thoB, -i (/). 
 
 Presburg, Brecislaburgum, -i ; Posonium, 
 -ii (n.). 
 
 Pretianus, v. Precianus. 
 
 Pretius, Pretius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Prevesa, Nicopolis, -is (/.), q. v. 
 
 Priam, PriamuB, -i (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Priam, Priameius, -a, um ; son of 
 Priam, Priamldes, -as (m.) ; daughter 
 of Priam, Priameis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Priapus, Priapus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Priapus, Priapian, Priapeue, -a, -um. 
 
 Priene, Priene, -es, and Priena, -ae (/) ; 
 of or belonging to Priene, Prienajus, -a, 
 -um ; Prienius, -a, um ; and Prieoen- 
 sis, -€. 
 
 Primus, Primus, -i (m.). 
 
 Princeps, Princeps, -ipis («•.) 
 
 PrineJis. Prineua, -i (m.) 
 
 Prion, Prion, -onis (m.). 
 
 Pritca, Prisca, ■« (/.). 
 
 Priscian, Prlscianus, -i (hi.). 
 
 PHsciana, PrisciSna, -8B (j.). 
 
 Priscilla, Priscilla, -bb (/.). 
 
 Priscilliamis, PrisciUianufl, -1 (m.^ ; the 
 followers of Priscillianus, Priscllllanis- 
 t8B, -arum (m.). 
 
 Priscus, Priscus, -i (m.). 
 
 Privemum, Privemum, -i (71.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Privemum, Privemas, -fttis 
 (adj.) ; the inhabitants of Privemum, 
 Privemates, -ium (m.). 
 
 Probatus, Proiiatus, -i (m.). 
 
 Probinus, Problnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Probus, Probus, -i (m.). 
 
 Procas, Prftcaa, -as (m.). 
 
 Prochorus, Pr6ch6ru8, -i (m.). 
 
 Prochyta, } Prochyta, -a, and Proch^te, 
 
 Procida, > -es (/.). 
 
 Proeilius, Procilius, -Ii (m.). 
 
 Procilla, Procilla, -» (/). 
 
 Procles, Procles, -is (m.). 
 
 Proelus, Proclns, -l (n».). 
 
 Procne, Procne or Progne, -es (/.). 
 
 Proeonnesus, Proconngsus, -i (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Proeonnesus, Proconnesi- 
 us, -a, um, and Proconnensis, -e. 
 
 Procopius, Procftpius, -ii (in.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Procopius, Procopi4nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Procris, Procris, is (/.). 
 
 Procrustes, Procrustes, -te (m.). 
 
 Proeula, Procula, .as (/.). 
 
 Proeuleia, Proeuleia, -at (/.). 
 
 Proeuleius, Proculeius, -Ii (m.). 
 
 Proculus. Pr6culu8, -i (m.); of or relating 
 to Proculus, Proculianns, -a, -nm. 
 
 Prodicus, Prodicus. i (m.); of or belong- 
 ing to Prodicus, Prodicius, -a, -nm. 
 
 Proema, Proerna, -8B (/.). 
 
 Practus, ProBtus, i (m.) ; daughter of Pro- 
 tus, ProBtis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Progne, v. Procne. _ 
 
 Prometheus, Prometheus, .eos or -ei (m.) ; 
 of or belonging to Prometheus, Prome- 
 lAian, Prometheus, a, -um; son of Pro- 
 metheus, Promethides, -as (m.). 
 
 PronioluK. Prfimohis, .i (m.). 
 
 Provertius, Propertius, -ii (m^ 
 
 P Y L 
 
 Prophtkasia, Propbthasia, -ee (/). 
 
 Prupontis, Propontis, -idis (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Propontis, Propontiacu*, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Proserpina, Proserpina, -ee (/.). 
 
 Prosper, Prosper, -Sri (m.). 
 
 Prosymna, Prosymna, as, and Prosymne. 
 -es (/.). 
 
 Protagoras, ProtJigftras, -m (m.) ; of or rtr 
 lating to Protagoras, Protaig6reua, a, 
 -um. 
 
 Prote, Prote, -es (/.). 
 
 Protenor, Protfinor, -6ri8 (m.). 
 
 Protesilaus, Protesilftus, -i (m.); of or relat- 
 ing to Protesilaus, Protesil&eus, -a, -um. 
 
 Proteus, Proteus, oos or -ei (m.). 
 
 ProikHus, Prothous, -1 (tn.). 
 
 Proio, Proto, -lis (/.). 
 
 Prolodamas, Protddamas, .antls (■».). 
 
 Protigenes. Protfigfines, .is (tn.). 
 
 Provence, Provincia, -b (/.). 
 
 Proxenus, Proxgnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Proximus, Proximus, i (m.). 
 
 Prudence, Prudentia, -«j, and ProTldentla, 
 
 •*(/■)• 
 
 Prudens, Prudens, -entis («».). 
 
 Prudentius, Prudentius, -ii {tn.). 
 
 Prusa, Prusa, -ae (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Prusa, Prusensis. .e. 
 
 Prusias, Prusias, -se (m.), a man's name ; 
 son of Prusias, PruBi&des, -m (tn.). — 2. 
 Prusias, -adis (/.), a city ; of or belong- 
 ing lo Prusias, Prusi&cus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Prussia, Borussia, -sb (/.) ; Prussian, Bo- 
 mssicus, -a, -um. 
 
 Prytanis, Prytanis, -is (m.). 
 
 Psamathe, Peamathe, -es (/.). 
 
 Psammathus, Psammathus, -untia (/.). 
 
 Psammetichus, Psammetichus, -I (M.). 
 
 Psecas, PsScas, -adis (/.). 
 
 Pseudolus, PseudSlus, -i (tn.). 
 
 Psile, Psile, -es (/.). 
 
 Psillis, the, PsiUis, .Idis (m.). 
 
 Psophis, Psophis, .idis (/) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Psophis, Psopmdiaa, -a, um. 
 
 Psyche, Psyche, -es (/.). 
 
 Psylli, the, Psylli, .orum (tn.). 
 
 Psyllus, Psyllus, -i (m.). 
 
 Psyttalia, Psyttalia, -b3 (/.). 
 
 Pteleon, Pteleon or Pteleum, 1 (ti.). 
 
 Pterelas, Pterelas, -ee (m.). 
 
 Ptolemaus, ) Ptolgmsaus, -i (m.) -, of or re- 
 Ptolemy, 5 lating to Ptolemaus, PtolS- 
 maieus, -a, -um ; Ptolemaeius, -a, -um ; 
 and Ptolemaicus, -a, -um ; daughter of 
 Ptolemy, Ptolemais, Idis (/.). 
 
 Ptolemais, Ptolemais, -Idis (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Ptolemais, Ptolemensie, -e, 
 and Ptolemlidensis, -e. 
 
 Ptolemy, v. Ptolemaus. 
 
 Pitblia, Publia, -aj (/.). 
 
 Publidus, Publicius, -ii (m.) , of or relat- 
 ing to Publicius, Pnblicitous, -a, -nm. 
 
 Publicola, Public61a, -sb (ro.). 
 
 Publilius, Publilius, ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Publilius, PublUius, -a, -um. 
 
 Publius, Publius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Publius, Publianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Puebla de los Angelas, Angelopolis Amer- 
 icana (/.). 
 
 Pugno, Pugno, -onis (m.). 
 
 Pulchellus, Pulchellus, -i (m.) 
 
 Pulcher, Pulcher, -chri (m.). 
 
 Pulcheria, PulchSria, -ee (/.). 
 
 Pulchra, Pulchra, -m (/.). 
 
 PuUus, PuUus, -i (m.). 
 
 Pulto, Pulto, -onis (m.). 
 
 Pulvillus, Pulvillus, i (m.j. 
 
 Punic, POnlcus, -a, -um ; v. Carthage. 
 
 Pupienus, Pupignns, -i (ro.). 
 
 Pupinia, Pupinia, -» (/.). 
 
 Pupius, Pupius, .ii (ro.). 
 
 Purpurea, Purpureo, -onis (tn.). 
 
 Puteoli, P^teoli, .orum (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Puteoli, Pute61anu8, .a, .um. 
 
 Pydna, Pydna, -a> (/) ; of or belonging to 
 Pydna, Pydnaan, Pydnseus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pygela, Pygela, -m (/.). 
 
 Pygmies, the, Pygmtei, -orum (ro.) ; of or 
 relating to the Pygmies, Pygmean, Pyg- 
 maus, -a, -lun. 
 
 Pygmalion, Pygmalion, -6nis (m.) ; of or 
 relating to Pygmalion, Pygm4li6neus, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Pylades, Pylfides, -ee and -is (w.) ; of or 
 relating to Pylades, Pyladeus, -a, -um. 
 
 PyUz. Pylaj, -arum (/.) ; of or relating to 
 Pyla, Pylaicus, -a, -um. 
 
 PyUanenes, PylsemSnes, .is (ro.) ; of or re- 
 
 U U I 
 
 lating to Pylamenes, Pyliiimgnia*. • 
 -um. 
 
 Pylene, Pylene, -es (/). 
 
 Pylos, Pylos or Pylus, -i (/., sotnetimes ««.) 
 of or belonging to Pylos, Pylian, Pyliua 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Pyra, Pyra, -a) (/.). 
 
 Pyracmon, Pyracmon, -6ni6 (m.) 
 
 Pyra., PyrbB, -arum (/.). 
 
 t^amus, Pyrftmus .i (ro.) : of or relating 
 to Pyramus, Pyrameus. -a. -um. 
 
 Pyrenees, the, Pyrenajus Mens ; Pyreneet 
 Montes ; and absol., Pyrenteus, -i (in.) ; 
 of or belonging to the Pyrenian Mount 
 ains, Pyrenian, Pj-renwus, -a. .nm, 
 Pyrenaicus, .a, .um. 
 
 Pyrene, Pyrene, es (/.). 
 
 Pyrcneus, Pyreneus, .eos w -el («.). 
 
 Pyruus. Pyretus, .i (ro.). 
 
 Pyrgi, Pyrgi, -orum (ro.) ; oj or belonging 
 to Pyrgi, Pyrgensis, -e. 
 
 Pyrgo, Pyrgo, -Us (/.). 
 
 PyrgitiUs, Pyrgoteles, -is (m.). 
 
 Pyrgus, Pyrgus, -i (ro.). 
 
 Pyriphlegethon, Pyriphlggfithon, ondt 
 (ro.). 
 
 Pyrnos, Pymos, .i (/.). 
 
 Pyrnus, Pymus, -i (m.) 
 
 Pyrodes, Pyrodcs, -aj (m.). 
 
 Pyrots, Pyr6is, -entis (m.). 
 
 Pyromachus, Pyromftchus, i (m.). 
 
 Pyrrha, Pyrrha, -ee, and Pyrrbe, .es (/), 
 a tooman ; of or relating to Pyrrha, Pyr- 
 rhsBus, -a, -um.— 2. a city; of Pyrrha, 
 Pyrrhlan, Pyrrhseus, -a, -um ; pecul.fam., 
 Pyrrhia.'?, -fidis. 
 
 Pyrrhia, Pyrrhia, -«b (/.). 
 
 Pyrrhias, Pyrrhias, -m (ro.). 
 
 Pyrrho, Pyrrho, -onis (ro.) ; the folloven 
 ofPyrrho, Pyrrhonisls, PyrrhOnii, -orum 
 (»»•). 
 
 Pyrrhus, Pyrrhus, -i (ro.) ; son or descend- 
 ant of Pyrrhus, Pyrrhides, -m (ro.) ; in 
 plural as an appellation of the Epirott. 
 I Pythagoras, Py th&gdras, .je (ro.) ; of orbs- 
 \ longing to Pythagoras, Pythagorean. 
 Pythag6reu8, -a, -nm, and Pythag6ricaa, 
 •a, -um. 
 
 Pytheas, Pytheas, -ee (ro.). 
 
 Pythias, Pythias, -ee (m.), a man's namt. — 
 2. -adis (/.), a tDoman's name. 
 
 Pythion, Pythion, -onie (ro.). 
 
 Pythis, Pythis, -is (ro.). 
 
 Pythium, Pythium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Pythius. Pvthius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Pytho, Pytho, -onis (m.), a man's name.— 
 2. Pytiio, -lis (f.) = Delphi; of or be- 
 longing to Pytho, Pythian, Pytiiius, -a, 
 -um, and Pythicus, -a, -um. 
 
 Pythocles, Pythocles, -is (ro.). 
 
 Pythocriius, Pythocritus, -i (ro.). 
 
 Pythodicus, Pythodicus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Pythodoms, Pyth6d6rus, -i (m.). 
 
 PylhoTi, Python, -onis (ro,). 
 
 Pythopolis, Pyth6p61is .is (/.). 
 
 Pyxiies, Pyxites, -bb (m.). 
 
 Quadi, the, Quadi, .orum (ro.). 
 ^uadratus, Quadratus, -i (m.). 
 Quadrigarius, Quadrisarius, .ii (■• f 
 ^uanero (Oulfof), Flanaticus SinuB. 
 Q:uariates, the, Quariates, .um (m.). 
 Quarto, Quarta, -m (/.). 
 ^uartilla, Quartilla, -a </.). 
 Quartus, Quartus, -i (m.). 
 Quebec, Sten6p61i8, -is (/.), Canadensla 
 
 Lycdpftlis, -is (/.). 
 Quedlinburg, Quedliuburgum, -i (n.). 
 Queensborough, Regin® Burgus. -i (ro.). 
 Queen's County, Comitatus Regin&]i« 
 Quercens, Quercens, .entis (ro.). 
 Quesnoy, Quercetum, -i (n.). 
 Quietus, Quietus, -i (ro.). 
 Qiinctilius, v. Quintiliut. 
 Quinta. Quinta, -8B (/.). 
 Quintia. Quintia. -a- (/.). 
 Quintilian, QuintiUanus, -i (m.). 
 Quintilius, Quintilius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat 
 
 itig to Quintilius, Quintilianus, -a, -um 
 Quintilla, Quintilla, -ee (/.). 
 Quintilius, Quintilius, -i (m.). 
 Quiniin, Quintinus, .i (m.). 
 Quintius. Quintius or Quinctius, .ii (ro.) 
 
 0/ or relating to Quintius, Quintian 
 
 Quintius, -a, -um, and ^uintianns. -• 
 
 -um. 
 Qumtus, Qnintus. -i (ro.). 
 
 743
 
 RH A 
 
 Quiriitixis, Quiiinius, -ii (m.). 
 
 ^uirinus, Quirinus, -i (m.) ; of or reUu- 
 
 ing to Quirinus, Quirinus, -a, -am, and 
 
 Quirinalis, -e. 
 Quirkes. Quirites, -urn and -inna («.)• 
 Quito, Fanum Sancti Francisci (n.). 
 Qttiza, Quiza, -m (/.). 
 
 R. 
 
 Raab, Jaurinuni, -i (n.) ; of or htUmging 
 
 to Raab, Jauriensis, -e. 
 Saab, the, Arabo, -Onis (»>.). 
 Rabirius, Rabirius, -ii (to.). 
 Rabocentus, Rabocentus, -i (»».). 
 Rabonius, Rabonius, -ii (m.). 
 Rabuleius, Rabuleius, -ii (m.). 
 Rachel, Raciiel, indecl. (/.) 
 Rachias, Rachias, -» (m.). 
 Racilia, Racilia, -aj (/.). 
 Racilius, Racilius, -ii (m.). 
 Rectus, Raecius, -ii (m.)- 
 R^ia, V. Rhcctia. 
 
 Ragusa,Ragnsa,-ss(,f.y, Rhau8ium,-ii(n.)- 
 Rahab, Rahab, iridecl. (/.). 
 Rajoo, the, Sadus, -i (m.)- 
 Ralla, Ralla, -se (m.). 
 Ralph, Radulpbus, -i (m.). 
 Rama, Rama, -m, and Rame, -es {f.). 
 Rameses, Rameses, •» or -is (m.). 
 Randal, Ranulphus, -i (m.). 
 Raphael, Raphael, -elis (m.). 
 Raphana, Raphana, -ea (/.). 
 Raphia, Raphia, -m (/.). 
 Ratisbon, Ratisbona, -ae (/.) ; Augusta Ti- 
 
 berii (/.). 
 Raudian (Plain), the, Raudius Campus, 
 
 and Raudii Campi (m.). 
 Raunonia, Raunonia, -m (/.). 
 Rauraci, the, Rauraci, -orum («.). 
 Ravenna, Ravenna, -te (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to RaBenna, Ravennas, -8tis (adj.), 
 and (late) Ravennatensis, -e. 
 Ravi, the, Ravi, -orum (m.). 
 Raymond, Rayraundus, -i (m.). 
 Reate, Reate, -is (?j.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Reate, Reatlnus, a, -um. 
 Rebecca, Rebecca, •« (/.). 
 Rebillus, Rebillus, -i (m.). 
 Rebius, Rebius, -ii (ra.). 
 Receptus, Receptus, -i (m.). 
 Rector, Rector, -Oris (to.). 
 Red Sea, Sinus Arabicus (m.). 
 Rediculus, Rgdiciilus, -i (fli.). 
 Redones, Redones, -um (m.) ; of or belong 
 ing to the Redones, Redonicus, -a, -um. 
 Reggio, Rhegium, -ii (n.), q. v. 
 Regilla, Regilla, -« (/.). 
 Regillanus, Regillanus, -I (m.). 
 Regillian, RegUlianus, -i (m.). 
 Regillum, Regillum, -i (n.) 
 Renins, Regillus, -I (m.). 
 Regina, Regina, -se (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Regina, Reginensis, -e. 
 Reginus, Reglnus, -i (fn.). 
 Regains, Regulus, -i (to.). 
 Remens, the, tiemens, -entis (m.). 
 Remi, the, Remi, -orum (m.); of or belong- 
 ing to the Remi, Remensis, -e. 
 Remigius, Remigius, -ii (m.). 
 Remmius, Remmius, -ii (m.) ; qf or relat- 
 ing to Remmius, Remmian, Remmius, 
 -a, -um. 
 Remulus, RgmQlus, -i (m.). 
 Remuria, R€muria or Remoria, -sb (/.). 
 Remus, Rgmus, -i (m.). 
 Reni, RenStus, -i (to.). 
 Rgnnes, Rhed6nes, -um (m.). 
 Repentinut, Repentinus, -i (ra.). 
 Retian (Alps), Retisj (Alpes) (/.). 
 Retovium, Retovium, -ii (v.) ; Retovian, 
 
 Retovlnue, -a, -um. 
 Reuben, Reuben, indeel., and Reubeous, 
 
 •i (m.). 
 Reudigni. the, Reudigni, -orum (m.). 
 Reynold, Reginaldus, -i (ffl.). 
 Rha, the, Rha, indecl. («.). 
 Rhacotis, Rbacotis, -is (/.). 
 Rhndamanthus, Rhadfimanthus, -1 (to.). 
 Rhailnmistns, Rhad&mietus, -1 (m.). 
 RJuetia, Rbesda or Reetia, -sb (f:) ; of or 
 belonging to Rhatia, Rhdtian, Rhaeticus 
 «r Rffiticus, -a, -um ; and Rtetus, a, um ; 
 Ike Rhati, Rhaati or Rsti, -orum (to.). 
 Rhameses, v. Rameses. 
 Rhamnes, Rhamnes, -eda (m.). 
 Rhamnue, Rhamnus, -nntis (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Rhamnus, Rhamnflsius, -a, 
 ■um ; pecvl. fern., RhamnQsis, -Idis. 
 744 
 
 R.0 C 
 
 Rhamms, r. Rameses. 
 
 RJuinis, Rh^s, -idis (/.). 
 
 Rhascupolis, Rbascap61is, -is (■§.). 
 
 Rhea, Rtiea, -se (/.). 
 
 Rhebas, the, Riiebas, -SB (m.). 
 
 Rhediknes, the, v. Reddnes. 
 
 Rhegium, Rhegium, -ii ; and RhSgion, -ii 
 (n.) ; of or belonging to Wiegium, Rhe- 
 g^nus, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Rhe- 
 gium, Rhegienses, -lum (m.). 
 
 Rheims, Remi, -Arum (to.) ; Durocorto- 
 nun, -i (n.). 
 
 Rhemetalees, Rhemetalces, -bb (m\ 
 
 Rhemi, v. Remi. 
 
 Rhemnius, Rhemnius, -ii («.)■ 
 
 Rhene, RhSne, -es (/.). 
 
 Rhenus, v. Rhine. 
 
 Rhesus, Rhesus, -i (»».). 
 
 Rhetenor, Rh6t6nor, -dria (■•.). 
 
 Rhetico (Mount), Rhetlco, -onis (m). 
 
 Rhianua, Rhianus, -i (to.). 
 
 Rhidagus, the, Rludagns, -i (m.). 
 
 Rhine, the, Rhenus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to the Rhhie, Rhenish, Rbenanus, -a, 
 -um ; the dwellers on the Rhine, Rheni, 
 ■orum (TO.). 
 
 Rhinocolura, RhinocSlflra or -corfira, -ffl 
 
 Rhinthon, Rhinthon, •6ni3(TO.); of or relat- 
 ing to Rhinthon, Rhinthonicus, -a, -um. 
 Rhion, v. Rhium. 
 
 Rhipeei (Momits), Rhipaei or Rhiph»i, 
 -orum (m.). Monies ; Rhipaan, Rhipse- 
 us or RhiphsBus, -a, -um. 
 Rhipe, Rhipe, -es (/.). 
 Rhipeus, Rhipeus ur Rhipheus, -eos and 
 
 -ei (m.). 
 Rhiphai (Mounts), v. Rhiptet. 
 Rhium, Rhium or Rhion, -ii (n.). 
 Rhizo, Rhizo, -onis (/.) ; the inhabitants 
 
 of Rhizo, RhizonittB, -arum (w.). 
 Rhhus, Rhizus, -untis (m.). 
 Rhoas, the, Rhoas, -ee (m.). 
 Rhoda, Rhoda, -sb, or Rhode, -es (/.), a 
 woman's nam*. — 2. a city; of or belong- 
 ing to Rhoda, Rhodensis, -e. 
 Rhoddnus, v. Rhone. 
 Rhode, V. Rhoda. 
 Rhodes, V. Rhodus. 
 Rhodo, Rhodo, -onis (to.). 
 Rhodope, Rh6d6pe, -es (/.), a mountain ; 
 of or belonging to Rhodope, Rhodopel- 
 us and Rhoddpgus, -a, -um. — i. a wom- 
 an's name. 
 Rhodopis, RhSdOpis, -Idis (/.). 
 Rhodus, i Rhddns and RhOdos, -i (/.) ; of 
 Rhodes, J or belonging to Rhodes, Rko- 
 dian, Rhodius, -a, -um ; Rhodlacus, -a, 
 am ; and Rbodiensis, -e. 
 Rhodussa, Rhodussa, -89 (/.). 
 Rhabus, Rhoebus, -i (•».). 
 Rhceeus, Rhcecus, -i (to.). 
 Rhatium, RhoBtgum and Rhetion, -i (n.) ; 
 of or belonging to Rhateum, KhoUean, 
 RhoBtMus and RhcetAua, -a. -um ; and 
 Rhoetiensis, -e. 
 Rhateus, RhoBteus, -eos or -el (to.). 
 Rhatus, RhoBtus, -1 (to.). 
 Rholus, Rholus, -i (to.). 
 Rhone, the, Rh6danus, -i (to.) , of or be- 
 longing to the Rhone, RhSdftnitis, -Idis 
 (fern. adj.). 
 Rhosos, Rhosos. 1 (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Rhosos, Rhosiacus, -a, -um, and 
 Rhosius, a, um. 
 Rhozolani, the, Rhoxolanl or Roxoleni, 
 
 -orum (m.). 
 Rhudia, v. Rudia. 
 Rhunca, Rhunca, -» (/.) 
 Rhyndacus, the, Rhynd&cus, -i (to.). 
 Rhytium, Rhyrium or Rhytion, -U (n.). 
 Richard, Ricardus, -i (m.). 
 Ricimer, RIcImer, -eris (?«.). 
 RiHna, Rlcina, -sb (/.) ; of or relating to 
 Ridna, Ricinensis, -e, and Rlcinianus, 
 -a, -um. 
 Riduna, Riduna, -«b (/.). 
 Rieti, Reate, -is (n.), q. v. 
 Riga, Riga, -sb (/.). 
 Rigodulvm, Rigodulum, -i (ra.). 
 Rimini, Ariminum, -i («.), q. v. 
 Riptsi (Mountains), v. Rhipeei. 
 Ripon, Rigodunum, i (n.). 
 Robert. Robertus, -i (m.). 
 Rochefort, Rupiforrium, -ii (ra.). 
 Rochelle. Rupella, -te (/.); New Rochelle. 
 
 Rupella Nova. 
 Rochester, Durobrivse, -arum; Roffa, -« 
 (/.) ; of Rochrsier, Roffensis, -e. 
 
 RUT 
 
 Roger, Rogems, -i (to.). 
 
 Romanus, Romanus, -i (m.). 
 
 Rome, Roma, -ffi (/.) ; of or beliinging (• 
 Rome, Roman, Romanus, -a, -um ; unu$- 
 ual, Romaniensis, -e, and Romanicns, 
 -a, -am; the Romans, Romani, -onun 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Romilius, Romilius, -ii (to.). 
 Romney, Romanum, -i (n.). 
 Romula, Romula, -sb (/). 
 Romulea, Romulea, -sb (/.). 
 Romulus, Romilius, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Romulus, Romulian, Romtilus, -a, 
 -um ; Romuliue, -a, -um ; Romuleus, -a, 
 •um ; and Romularis, -e ; son or de- 
 scendant of Romulus, Romillides, -m 
 (TO.) ; in plural poet, for Romans. 
 Ramus, Romus, -i (ra.). 
 Rosamund, Rosamunda, m (/.). 
 Roscius, Roacius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Roscius, Roscian, Roscius, -a, -um, 
 and Roscianus, -a, -um. 
 Rose, Rosa, -88 (/.). 
 Rosetta, Bolbitine, -es (/.), of Rosetta, 
 
 Bolbitinus, -a, -um. 
 Rosse, Rossa, -m (/.). 
 Rostock, Rostochium, -ii (n.) , Bunitium, 
 
 -ii (n.). 
 Rossello, Rusellai, -arum (/.). 
 Rotomagus, Rotomagus, -i (to.), and Bo- 
 tomagi, -orum (m.) ; of or belonging eo 
 Rotomagus, Rotomagensis, -e. 
 Rotterdam, Roterodamum, -i («.) 
 Rotundus, Rotundus, -i (.to.). 
 Rouen, Rotomagus, -i (/.). 
 Roussillon, Ruscino, -onis (/.), q. v. ; Ur 
 
 solis, -is (/.). 
 Rnwlnnd. Rolandus, -1 (m.). 
 Rozane, Roxine or Rtaoxane, -es (/.). 
 Roxolani, the, v. Rhoxolani. 
 Rubeas, Rubeas, -8b (m.). 
 Rubellius, Rubellius, -ii (m.). 
 Rubi, \ Rubi, orum (ra.) ; of or belonging 
 Ruvo, J to Rubi, Rubustinus, -a, -um. 
 Rubicon, the, Rubicon, -dnis (m.). 
 Rubria, Rubria, -as (/.). 
 Rubrieus, Rubricus, -i (to.). 
 Rubrius, Rubrius, -ii (to.); of Or relating 
 to Rubrius, Rubrian, Rubrius, a, -um 
 and Rubri&nus, -a, -um. 
 Rudia, RudiaB, -arum (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Rudia, Rudinus, -a, -uin 
 Rufa, Rufa, -ffi (/.). 
 Rufilla, RufiUa, -m (/.). 
 RufUus, Rufillus, i (TO.). 
 Rufina, Ruflna, -sb (/.). 
 Rufinus, Ruflnus or Rufflnus, -1 (m.) 
 Rujio, Rufio, -onis (m.). 
 Rufius, Rufius, -ii (m.). 
 Rufnt, RufrsB, -arum (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Rufree, Rufranus, -a, -um. 
 Rufrenus, Rufrenus, -i (to.) 
 Rufrium, Rufrium, -ii («.). 
 Rufulus, RufQlus, -i (m.). 
 Rufus, Rufus, -i (m.). 
 Ruga, Ruga, -«b (to.). 
 Rugen, Rugia, -se (/.). 
 Rugii, the, Rugii, -orum (m.). 
 Rullianvs, Rullianus, -i (to.). 
 Rullus, RuUus, -i (to.). 
 Rupert, Rupertus, -i (to.). 
 Rupilia, Rupilia, -ae (/.). 
 Rupilius, Rupilius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Rupilius, Rupilian, Rupilius, -a, -um 
 Rusarus, Rusarus, -i (/.). 
 Rusca. Rusca, -88 (/.)._ 
 Ruscino, Ruscino, -6nis (/.). 
 Rusctnus. the, Ruscinus, -i (m.) 
 Ruscio, Ruscio, -onis (ro.). 
 Ruseius, Ruscius, -ii (m.). 
 Rusconia, Rusconiae, -arum (/.) , oj oi 
 belonging toRnsconia, Rusconiensis, -e. 
 Rusella, ) Rusellas, -arum (/.) ; of or bt- 
 Rosello, 5 longing to RuselUe, Rusellft- 
 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 Ruso, Ruso, -onis (m.). 
 Ruspina, Ruspina, -» (/■). 
 Russia, Russia, -as (/) ; Sarmatla, bb (/.>, 
 Europeea ; of or belonging to Russia. 
 Ruasicus, -a, -um. 
 Russius, Russius, -ii (».). 
 Rusticelius, RusticeUus, -ii (to^. 
 Rusticus, Rusticus, -i (m.); of orrelMtng 
 
 to Rusticus, Rusticlanus, •«, -um 
 Rnsucurum, Rusucurum, -1 (n). 
 Ruteni, the, Ruteni, -orum (m.) ; of or b» 
 longing to llie Ruteni, RutenUm, Rut* 
 nus, -a, -utn. 
 Rii'\ auth indeel (/).
 
 SAL 
 
 Rutila, Rutila, •» (/.). 
 
 Rniilia KutUia, -8B (/.). 
 
 RutUius, Rutilius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Rutilius. Rutiliaaus, -a, -am. 
 
 Rutilnt, Rutflus, -i (m.). 
 
 Rutuba, Ruttiba, -ee (*».)■ 
 
 Rntubis, Rutubis, -ia (/.) 
 
 Ratiili. the, Rutflli, -orum (»n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Rutuli, RutOlus, a, -um. 
 
 Rutupitg,"Rut(ip\iB, -arum (/.) ; of or be- 
 longi'ig to Rutupiec, RDtCkplDUS, -a, -um. 
 
 JlarorRubi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Riye, Rlum, -ii ('<.)■ 
 
 Saar. the, Sara, -se, and Saravue, -i (ra.) ; 
 of or belonging to the Saar, Saravicua, 
 •a, um. 
 Sabce. Sab», -arum (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Saba, SabtBUS, -a, -um. 
 Sahaa, Sabffla, -m (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Sabaa, Sabaan, Sabwna, -a, -um. 
 Sabata, Sabata, -m, and Sabate, -es (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Soiato, Sabatinua, -a, 
 •u:n. 
 Sabazius, Sabaziug, -ii (m.). 
 Sabella, Sabella, -aj (/.). 
 Sabelli, the, Sabelli, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Sabelli, Sabellicus, -a, 
 -um, and Sabellua, -a, -um. 
 Sabellins, Sabelliua, -ii («.) ; of or relating 
 
 to SabelUus, Sabelliftnua, -a, -um. 
 Sabellit3, Sabellua, -i (m.). 
 Sabidins, Sabidiua, -ii (m.). 
 Sabina, Sabina, s (/.). 
 Sabines, the, Sabini, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Sabineg, Sabine, Sablnua, 
 •a. um. 
 Sabinius, Sabiniue, -11 (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Sabinitis, Sabini&nue, -a, -um. 
 Sabis. the, Sabis, -ia (m.), v. Sambre. 
 Sable, Sabolium, -Ii (n.). 
 Sabrata, Sabrata, -ae (/.) : of or belong- 
 ing to Sabrata, Sabratensia, -e. 
 Sabrina, the, Sabrina, w (m.). 
 Sabus, Sabua, -i (m.). 
 
 Sac^t, the, Sacffii, -arum (to.) ; in ting.. Si- 
 ces, -8B (»n.). 
 Sacer, Sacer, -cri (m.). 
 Saeerdos, Sacerdos, -otis (m.). 
 Sacrani, the, Sacrani. orum (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to the Sacrani, Sacranue, -a, -um. 
 Sacrata, Sacrata, -ae (/.). 
 Sacrovir, Sacrovir, -iri (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Sacrovir, Sacrovirianus, -a, -um. 
 Sacred (applied to places), Sacer, Sacra, 
 Sacrum ; as. Sacred Mount, Sacer Mona 
 (m.) ; Sacred Way, Sacra Via (/.) ; Sa- 
 crea Promontory, Sacrum Promontori- 
 um («.), &c. 
 Sadales, Sadalea or Sadala, -bb (to.). 
 Sadducees, the, Sadducai, -orum (m.") ; of 
 or relating to the Sadductet, Sadduce- 
 ue, -a, -um. 
 Sttpinum, Seeplnum, -i (n.) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Saptnum, Seepinatea, -ium (m.). 
 Satabia, Ssetabis. -is (/.) ; of or relating to 
 Satabis, Ssetabus, -a, -um ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Satabis, Sistabitani, -orum (m.). 
 Safinius, Safinius, -ii (to.). 
 Sagana, Sagana, -m (/.). 
 Sasani.^. the, Sagftnis, -is, and Sagftnua, -i 
 
 <m.,. 
 tagaris, the, Sftgiris, ia (ra.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Sagaris, Sag&rltia, -Idia (Jem. 
 adj.). 
 Sages, S&gea, -ee or -is (m.). 
 Sagis. the, Sagia, -ia (m.). 
 Sagitta, Sagltta. ■» (m.). 
 Sagra. the, Sagraa, -w (m.). 
 Saguntum, Saguntum, -i (n.) -, Saguntus 
 or -toe, -i (/.) ; of or belonging to Sa- 
 guntum. Saguntine, SagunUnuB, -a, um. 
 dihara (Desert of), Libyee Deserta, -cram 
 
 («.). 
 
 Saint, V. St, in alphabetical order. 
 
 Saintes, Mediolauum, -i (n.), Santdnum; 
 SantAnes, -um (m.). 
 
 Sate, Sftis, -la (f.) ; of or belonging to So- 
 ft, Saiticna, -a, -um ; pecul. mase., Sa- 
 Itea, -s ; thJe inhabitants of Sais, Saltaa, 
 •arum (m.). 
 
 Salacia, S&lacia, -8b (/.), a goddess. — 2. a 
 ctty; of or belonging to Salacia, balaci- 
 ensis, -e. 
 
 Salaco, Salaco, -onis (m.). 
 
 Salamanca, Salmantica, -m (/.) q. t. 
 
 Salamit, Sftlamis, -tnis (/.", : of or belong- 
 
 SAM 
 
 ing to Salamis, tiaiaminian, Salamlnl- 
 us, -a, -um, and Salamlni&cua, -a, -am. 
 
 Salanus, .Salanua, -i (m.). 
 
 Salapia, Salapia, -» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Salapia, Salaplnua, -a, -um, and Sal- 
 apitanua, -a, -um. 
 
 Solaria, Salaria, -m (/), a city ; of or be- 
 longing to Salaria, Salariensis, -e. — 2. 
 (adj.) Salaria Via, the Salarian Way; 
 of or relating to the Salarian Way, Sala- 
 nanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Salassi, the, Salasai, -orum (m.). 
 
 Salasstis, Salaaaus, -i (to.). 
 
 Salathiel, Salathiel, -Slia (m.). 
 
 Salduba, Salduba, -w (/.). 
 
 Salee, Sala, -le (/.). 
 
 Saleius, Saleius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Salentum, Salentum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Salentum, Salentine, Salentlnus, 
 •a, -am ; the inhabitants of Salentum, 
 Salentlni (or Salient), -ormn (m.). 
 
 Salera, Salera, •» (/.). 
 
 Salerno, } Salernum, -1 (n.) ; of or be- 
 
 Salemitm, > longing to Salernum, Saler- 
 nit&nua, -a, -um , Qulf of Salerno, PeB»- 
 tanua Sinus. 
 
 Salitnus, SaliSnaa, -1 (m.). 
 
 Salii, the, Salii, -orum (ra.) ; of or relating 
 to the Salii, Sali&ria, -e, and Saliae, -a, 
 •um. 
 
 Salina, Sallnse, -arum (/.) 
 
 Snlinator, Salinator, -oris (m.). 
 
 Salins, Salinse, -arum (/.). 
 
 Salisbury, Sarieburia, -a) (f.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Salisbury, Sanaburiensis, -e. 
 
 Salius, Salius, -Ii (to.). 
 
 Sallust, Salluatins, -ii (m.) , of or relating 
 to Salluil, Sallustian, Salluetl&naa. a, 
 -um. 
 
 Salyei. the, Salyea, -um, and Salyl, -orum 
 (m.). 
 
 Salmacit, SalmAcis, -Idia (/.). 
 
 Salmani, the, Salmani, -orum (m.). 
 
 Salmantica. Salmantica, -m (/.); of or be- 
 longing to Salmantica, Salmanticenais, 
 -e. 
 
 Salmon. Salmon, -onla (/.), a eitif. — 2. (ra.) 
 a man's 7iame. 
 
 Salmone, Salmone, -es (/.). 
 
 Salmoneus, Salmoneus, -eos or -ei (».) ; 
 daughter of Salmoneus, SalmAnis, -Idia 
 
 Salo, the, Salo, -dnla (ra.). 
 
 Salome, Salome, -ea (/.). 
 
 Salomon, Salomon, -6nie (w.) , of or relat- 
 ing to Salomon or Solomon, Salomonla- 
 CU8, -a, -um, and Salomonius, -a, -am. 
 
 Salona, S&16na, -m, and Salonee, -arum 
 (/•) : "/ <"■ belonging to Salona, Salo- 
 nensia, -e, and Saloninua, -a, -um- — ^3. 
 (in Livadia), Amphiasa, -ea (/.), q. T. j 
 Oulf of Salona, CrisseBOB Sinoa. 
 
 Salonichi, Theasalonlca, -ea (/.), q. t. ; 
 Oulf of Saloniehi, ThermeBua Sinua. 
 
 Salonina, Salonlna, -» (/.). 
 
 Saloninus, Salonlnus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Salonius, Salonius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Salonius, Salonianas, -a, -um. 
 
 Salpe, Salpe, -ea (/.). 
 
 Salpesa. Salpesa, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Salpesa, Salpeaanna, -a, -um. 
 
 Salpis, Salpis, is (/.) ; o/ or belonging to 
 Salpis, SalpInuB, -a. -um, and Salpinaa, 
 •atia (adj.). 
 
 Saltis, Salus, -ntia (/.). 
 
 Salutio, SalQtio, -6nia (m.). 
 
 Salvia, Salvia, -le (/.). 
 
 Salvianut, Salvianua -1 (m.\ 
 
 Salvidienus, Salvidignoa, -1 (to.). 
 
 Salmus, Salvias, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Salvius, Salvianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Salzburg, Salishurgum, -i (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Salzburg, Saliaburgenaia, -e. 
 
 Samarrand. Maracanda, -orum (n.). 
 
 Samaria. Samaria, -as (/.) ; the inhabitantt 
 of Samaria, the Samaritans. Saniaritie, 
 -arum, and Samaritflni, -orum (to.) ; of 
 or belonging to Samaria, Samaritan, Sa- 
 mareuar-a.'ura ; Samarit&nua, -a, -um ; 
 and Samarlticus, -a, -um ; peeuL /««•., 
 Samarltis, -Idia. 
 
 Samnrobriva, Sain&rObriva, -m (/>. 
 
 Sambre. the. Sabis, -is (m.) ; of or relating 
 to the Sambre. Sambricus, -a, -um (late). 
 
 Same, Same, -ea (/.); the inhabitantt of 
 Same, Samwi, -orum (to.). 
 
 Samiarius, Samiariua, -ii (ra.). 
 
 Sammoniciis, Sammdnicus, -i («•.). 
 
 Sammonium, Sammoninm, -il (n.). 
 
 SAT 
 
 Samnites, the, Samnltea, -um and -iw 
 
 (TO.), in sing., Samnia, -Itis ; of or belong 
 
 ing to the Samnites, Samnite, Samnltl 
 
 cus, -a, -um. 
 
 Samnium, Samniom, -ii (n.) ; the Samnitii 
 
 V. foregoing. 
 Samos, Samoa or Samua. 1 (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Samos, Samian, Samiua, -a. 
 -um. 
 Samosata, Samosata, -orum («.), and 8a 
 moeata, -m (/.) ; of or belonging to S» 
 mosata, Samosateneis, -e. 
 Samolhrace, > Samotbraca, -es, Samotibrs 
 Samothraki, J cia, -ea, and Samothraco, 
 -es (/.) ; of or belonging to Samolhrart. 
 Samortiracenue, -a, -am ; Saaiotbr&ol 
 cus. -a, -um; and Samothr&ciua, -a, -um 
 Sampso, Sampso, -ds or -onia (/.). 
 Samson, Samaon, indecl., and SamsoE 
 
 -finis (TO.). 
 Samsoun, Amisua, -i (/.), q. t. 
 Samuel, Samuel, -§li8 (m.). 
 Sancia, Snncia, -aj (/.). 
 Sanctio, Sanctio, -onis (/.). 
 Sanetut, Sanctus, -i (ra.). 
 Sancns, Sancua, -1 (ra.). 
 Sanda, the, Sanda, -ea (m.). 
 Sandarion, Sandarion, -onis (m.). 
 Sandwich, Sabulovicum, -i (n.). 
 Sanga, Sanga, -ea (ra.). 
 Sangarius, the, Sangariua, -ii («.) ; of o» 
 belonging to the Sangarius, Sangarlut, 
 -a, -um. 
 Sanni, the, Sanni, orum (m.). 
 Sannio, Sannio, onis (ra.). 
 Sanguinius, Sanquiniua, -il (ra.). 
 Santones, the, Santdnes, -um, and SantdnL 
 -orum (ra.) ; of or relating to the Santa- 
 net, Santfinicus, -a, -um. 
 Saone, the Arar, -aria (».). 
 Sap<ri, the, Sapsi, -orum (ra.) 
 Sapandut, Sapandua, -i (m.). 
 Sapharut, Saphirue, -i (».). 
 Saphon, Saphon, -finia (/.). 
 Sapis, the, S&pia, -la (m.). 
 Sapor, Sapor, -6rla (ra.). 
 Sapphira, Sapphira, -ffi (/.). 
 Sappho, Sappho, -da (/) ; of or relating to 
 
 Sappho, Sapphic, Sappbicua, -a, -um. 
 Sarabat, the, Hermiia, -i (ra.). 
 Saracens, the, Sarracfinl, -orum (m.) 
 Saragassa, Ceaaraugusta, -as (/.). 
 Sarah, Sara, -m (/.). 
 Saranga, the, Saranga". -arum (ra.) 
 Sardanapalus, Sardinapalus, -i (m.) ; oj 
 or belonging to Sardanapalus, Sarda- 
 napftlicua, -a, -am. 
 Sardes, t. Sardii. 
 
 Sardinia, Sardinia, •« (/.) ; nf or belong- 
 ing to Sardinia. Sardinian, Sardous, -a. 
 -um; SarduB, a, um ; and Sardinia- 
 nua, -a, -um ; Sardinienila, -e, and Sar- 
 donius, -a -um. 
 Sardis, Sardes or Sardia, -Ium (/.) ; o/«r 
 belonging to Sardis, Sardius, a, -um, 
 and Sardianus, -a, um ; the inhabitant! 
 of Sardis. Sardianl, -orum (m). 
 Sardonet, the, Sardftnea, -um (ra.). 
 Sare, Sare, -es (/). 
 
 Sarepta, Sarepta and Sarephta, -te (/.); 
 of or belonging to Sarepta, Sarepttnua, 
 -a, -um. 
 Snriolenns. Sariolfinus, -1 (m.). 
 Sarmatia, Sarmatia, -m (/.) ; the Sarma- 
 tiant. SarmatsB, arum (ra.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Sarmatia, Sarmaticus, -a, 
 -um ; pecul. fcm., Sarmatia, -Idia. 
 Sarmentui, s ■ mentaa, -i (ra.). 
 
 5amiM, )^ ,mua. -i(ra.). 
 Samo, S • V / 
 
 Saronic (6".;), Saronlcus Sinua («.); 
 
 Saronic, Saronlcua, -a -nm peeuL 
 
 fern., Saronla, -Idis. 
 Sarpedon, the, Sarpedon, -finie (n. 
 Sarrastet, the, Sarraetes, -um (ra.). 
 Sarsina, Sarelna, -« (/.) : of or belongimg 
 
 to Sarsina, Sarelna*. -atia (adj.). 
 Sort, T. Sardit. 
 Sarus. the, Sarua, -1 (ra.).— 2 (ra.) a man'* 
 
 name. 
 Saseno. Sason, -onis (/.). 
 Sassai, the, Saeseei, -orum (ra). 
 Satsia. Saaeia, -m (/.)- 
 Sassula, Sassflla, m (f )■ 
 Satetlius, SatelliuB, -ii (m.). 
 Saticila, Saticflla, b (f.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Saticula, Satlculanus, -a, -um. 
 Satrapene, Satrapfine, -ea, (/.). 
 Satriano, Satrianum. -i (n.). 
 
 745
 
 8C 1 
 
 Satrieum Satricum, -i (n.) ; of or belongs- 
 
 mg to Satrieum, Satri>-anu8, -a, -urn. 
 Satricus, Satricus, -i (m.). 
 
 Satrius, Satrius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Satureium, Satureium, -ii (w.) \ of or be- 
 longing to Satureium, Satureianna, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Saturius, Satiiriue, -ii (m.). 
 
 Saturn, Saturnus, -i (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Saturn, Satumlus, -a, -urn. 
 
 Saturnia, Satumia, -eb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Saturnia, Saturnlnus, -a, -um. 
 
 Satur',inus, Satuminus, -i (m.). 
 
 Saturuus, v. Saturn. 
 
 Satynis, Satyrus, -i (m.). 
 
 Smif-^ia. Saufeia, -83 (/.). 
 
 Saujeins, Saufeius, -ii (to.). 
 
 SaufeUus. Saufellus, -i (m.). 
 
 Saul, Saul, indecl, and Saul, -Clis (ra.). 
 
 Sauromatts, the, Saurdmatse, -arum (to.) ; 
 of the Sauroviatie, Sauromatian, Sauro- 
 mates, -sa (TO.), Sauromatis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Save, Save, -es (/.). — 2. the Save, r. Savus. 
 
 Saverrio, Saverrio, -onis (to.). 
 
 Savo, the, Savo, -onis (to.). 
 
 Savone, Savo, -onis (/.). 
 
 Savoy, Sabaudia, -se (/.). 
 
 Savus, the, Savus, -i (to.); of or relating 
 to the Savus, Savensis, -e. 
 
 Saxa, Saxa, -aj (to.). 
 
 Saxons, the, Saxones, -um (ra.) ; in ting., 
 Saxo, -onis ; the country of the Saxons, 
 Saxony, Saxonia, -8b (/.) ; Saxon, Sax- 
 omcus, a, -um. 
 
 Scaan {Gate), the, Sctea Porta, and Scsaa 
 Portw (/.). 
 
 Scttva, Scajva, -m (to.). 
 
 SCiEvinus, Scasvinus, -i (to.). 
 
 Scavola, Scasvola, -ee (m.). 
 
 Scala, Scala?, -arum (/.). 
 
 Scalabis, Scalabis, -is (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Scalabis, Scalabitanus, -a, -um. 
 
 SiMldis, the, Scaldis, -is (to.). 
 
 Seamander, the, Scamander, -dri (m.) ; of 
 or belonging to the Scamander, Seaman- 
 drius, -a. -um. 
 
 Scammos. Scammos, -1 (/.). 
 
 SeandiUus, Scandilius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Seandinuria, Scandia, -sb, and Scandlnd- 
 ▼ia. SB v/-). 
 
 Sccniinius, Scantinius, ii (to.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Scanti7iius, Scantinius, -a, -um. 
 
 Seantius, Scantius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Scantius, Scantianus, -a, ura. 
 
 Seaptia, Scaptia, •» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Scaptia, ^captian, Scaptius, -a, -um ; 
 of or belonging to the Scaptian tribe, 
 Scaptiensis, -e. 
 
 Scaptius, Scaptius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Scapula, Scapula, -8b (to.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Scapula, Scapulanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Scarpanto, Carpathus, -i (/.), q. t 
 
 Scarphea, Scarphea, -89 (/.). 
 
 Scarpona, Scarpona, -bb (/.). 
 
 Scaurinus, Scaurinus, -i (to.). 
 
 Scaurus, Scaurus, -i (to.) ; of or relating to 
 Scaurus, Scaurian, Scaurianus, a, -um. 
 
 Setnita, the, ScenlttB, -arum (?;».). 
 
 Scepsis, Scepsis, -is (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Scepsis, Scepsian, Scepsius, -a, -um. 
 
 Sc^tius, Scepsius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Scepsius, Scepsianus, -a, -um. 
 
 ScerdiUedus, Scerdileedus, -i (to.). 
 
 Bchaffhausen, Scaphusia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Scheldt, the, Scaldie, -is (m.), q. y. 
 
 Sckera, Schera, -8b (/.); of or belonging 
 to Schera, Scherinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Schinussa, Schinussa, -bb (/.). 
 
 Sehleswig, Heideba, -as (/.). 
 
 Schonbrunn, Pons Bellus (»».). 
 
 Sehanos, Schoenos, -1 (/.). 
 
 Schanus, Schoenus, -i (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Schcemis, Schoeneius, -a, -um ; daugh- 
 ter of Schanus, Schoeneis and Schoenis, 
 ■Idis (/). 
 
 Seiathus, Sciathus or Sciathos, -i (/.). 
 
 SeillO^ ScillsBum, -i (re.). 
 
 Scilllf Iiiands, Cassiteridea, -um (/), In- 
 
 Sdo, Chios, -U (/), q. v. 
 
 Seione, Scione, -es (/.). 
 
 Seipio, Sclplo, onis (to.) ; poet, {in form 
 
 patr.) Scipiades, -» (to.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Seipio, Scipionins, -a, -um. 
 Sebron, Sclron, -onis (to.) ; of or belong- 
 
 tng to Sciron, Scironian, Sciron'us, -a, 
 
 -nm ; pecul. fem., Sclronia. -Idia. 
 Sdseit, Sciseis, -is (/.). 
 9olavini, v. Siavonia. 
 746 
 
 Sdavonia, v. Siavonia. 
 
 Scodra, Scodra, -bb (/.) ; e^ or heUmging 
 to Scodra, Scodrensis, -e. 
 
 Seopas, Scopas, -sb (to.). 
 
 Scope, Scope, -es (/.). 
 
 Scopinas, Scopinas, -se (m.). 
 
 Scopius, Scopius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Scordisci, the, Scordisci, -orum (m.). 
 
 Scordus (Mount), Scordus, -i (to.). 
 
 Scotland, Scotia, -ee (/) ; of or relating to 
 Scotland, Scottish, Scoticus, -a. -um ; the 
 Scots or Scotch, Scoti, -orum (ro.). 
 
 Seotussa, Scotussa. -m (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Scotussa, Scotussssus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Scribonia, Scribonia, -as (/.). 
 
 Scribonian, Scriboniinus, -i (m.). 
 
 Scribonius, Scribonius, -ii (i».) ; of or re- 
 lating to Scribo7iius, ScriboDianns, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Scrofa, Scrofa, -m (ro.). 
 
 Scultenna, the, Scultenna, -sb («.). 
 
 Scutari, Chrysopolis, -is (/). 
 
 Scydrothemis, Scydrothemis, -is (m.). 
 
 Scylace, Scylace, -es (/.). 
 
 Scylaceum, Scyliceum, -i (re.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Srylaceum, Scylicdius, -a, 
 -um ; Scylaceus, -a, -um ; and Scylaci- 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 
 Scylax, Scylax, -&cis (f».). 
 
 Scylla, Scylla, -w (/.); of or relating to 
 Scylla, Scyllseus, -a, -um. 
 
 Scyllaum, Scyllaeum, -i (n.). 
 
 Scyllis, Scyllis, -is (to.). 
 
 Scymnus, Scymnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Scyron, Scyron, -onis (m.). 
 
 Scyros, Scyros or Seyms, -1 (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Scyros, Scyrian, Scyriua, -a, 
 -um, and Scyreticus, -a, -um ; pecul. 
 fem., Scyrias, -&dis, and Scyreis, -Wis. 
 
 Scytala, Scytala, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Scytala, Scytalicus, -a, -nm. 
 
 Scythia, Scythia, -as (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Scythia, Scythian, Scythicus, -a, -um ; 
 pecul. fem., Scythis, -idis ; the Scythians, 
 ScythsB, -arum (to.), a Scythian, Scythes, 
 -8B (m.), Scythissa, -bb (/.). 
 
 Scythopolis, Scyth6p61is, -is (/.) ; the in- 
 habitants of Scythopolis, Scythopollts, 
 -arum (to.). 
 
 Sebaste, Sebaste, -es (/.); of or belonging 
 to Sebaste, Sebastenus, -a, -um. 
 
 Sebastia, Sebastia, -» (/.). 
 
 Sebastian, Sebastianus, -i (to.). 
 
 Sebastopolis, Sebastopolis, -is (/.). 
 
 Sebennytic, Sebennyticus. -a, -um ; the Se- 
 be7tnytic mouth (of the Nile), Sebennyti- 
 cum Ostium. 
 
 Sebtthus, the, Sebethus -i (ro.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Sebethus, Sebethis, -Idis (Jtm. 
 adj.). 
 
 Sebtnut, Sfiblnus, -i (to.), Lacos. 
 
 Sebosus, Sfibosus, -i (m.). 
 
 Secchio, the, Gabellus, -i (m.). 
 
 Seckau, Secovium, -ii (re.). 
 
 Secundilla, Secundilla, -ee (/.). 
 
 Seeundxnus, Secundinus, -i (m.). 
 
 Secundus, Secundus, -i (to.). 
 
 Sedecias, Sedecias, -le (to.). 
 
 Sedigitua, Sedigitus, -i (to.). 
 
 Sedoeheii, the, Sedochezi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Sedulius, Sediilius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Sedunum, Sedunum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Sedunum, Seduni, -orum (to.). 
 
 Sedusii, the, Sedusii, -orum (to.). 
 
 Segeda, Segeda, -m (/.). 
 
 Segedin, Segedunum, -i (n.). 
 
 Segedunum, JSegodunum, -i (n.), or Se- 
 
 Segodunum, > gedunum. 
 
 Segesta, Segesta, -m, or Segeste, -es (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Segesta, Segest&irae, 
 -a, -um, and Segestensis, -e. 
 
 Segestes, Segestes, -bb (to.). 
 
 Segestica, Segestica, -bb (/.). 
 
 Segida, Segida, -m (/.). 
 
 Segimerus, Segimerus, -1 (ro.). 
 
 Segimund, Segimundus, -i (ro.). 
 
 Segisama, Segisama, -bb, and Segisamo, 
 -onis (/.) ; of or belonging to Segisama, 
 Segisamonensis, -e. 
 
 Segni, the, Segni, orum (to.). 
 
 Segobriga, Segobriga, -bb (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Segobriga, Segobrigensis, -e. 
 
 Segonax, Segonax, -actis (to.). 
 
 Segontia, Segontia or Seguntia, m (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Segontia, Segontinus, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Segontiaci, the, Segontiacl, -omm («.)■ 
 
 Segonlium, Segontium, -ii (*.). 
 
 Segorbe, Segobriga, •» (/.). 
 
 S E F 
 
 Segovellaunu the, Segovellauni, -onm 
 (m.j. 
 
 Segovia, Segovia, -bb (/). 
 
 Segre, the, Sicons, -is (m.). 
 
 Segulius, Segulius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Segusiani, the, Segiisiani. -omm (to./. 
 
 Segusio, Segusio, -onis (/.). 
 
 Segusium, Segusium, -ii (n.) ; of or belongs 
 ing to Segusium, Segusiensis, -e. 
 
 Seia, Seia, -te (/.). 
 
 Sei7ie, the, SequSna, -bb (f.). 
 
 Seissel, Sesselium, -ii (re.). 
 
 Seius, Seius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to Stir 
 us, Seifinns, -a, -um. 
 
 Sejanus, Sejanus, -i (to.) ; of or relating u 
 Sejanus, Sejanianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Selachusa, Selachusa, -bb (/.). 
 
 Selambina, Selambina, -se (/.). 
 
 Sele, the, Silarus, -i (m.). 
 
 Selena, Selene, -es (/.). 
 
 Seleucia, Seleucia, -bb (/.) ; oj or belong 
 ing to Seleucia, Seleuciensis, -e : Selen- 
 cianus, -a, -um; and (late) Seleucenua, 
 -a, -nm; pecul. fern., Seleucia, -idia. 
 
 Seleucis, Seleucis, -idis (/.), t. the fort- 
 going. 
 
 Seleucus, Seleucus, -i ;ro.). 
 
 Selge, Selge, -es (/.) ; of or belonging is 
 Selge, Selgiticus, a, -um. 
 
 Selicia, Selicia, -bb (/.). 
 
 SeliciJis. Selicius, -ii (to.) ; of or relating to 
 Selicius, Selicianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Selimbria, the, Peneus, -i (to.). 
 
 Selinus, Selinus, -untis (/.) ; of or belong 
 ing to Selinus, Selinnsius, -a, -um ; um 
 inhabitants of Selitiits, Selinuntii, -omm 
 
 (TO.). 
 
 Selivria, Selymbria, -» (/.), q. t. 
 
 Sellasia, Sellasia, -m (/.). 
 
 Sells, Selle, -es (/.). 
 
 Selti, the, Selli, -omm (ro.). 
 
 Sellium, Sellium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Sellius, Sellius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Selsey, Seolesia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Selymbria, Selymbria, -bb (/.) , of or u» 
 longing to Selymbria, SelymbriSnus, -a, 
 -nm. 
 
 Sem or Shem, Sem, indecl. (to.). 
 
 Semele, Sgmele, -es, and Semela, -m (/.) 
 of or relating to Semele, Semelgius, -a, 
 um, and Semeleus, -a, -um. 
 
 Semiramis, Semiramis, is a7id -idis (/.) , 
 of or relating to Semiramis, Semiraml- 
 us, -a, -um. 
 
 Semnones, the, SemnSnes, -um (to.). 
 
 Semo, Semo, -onis (to.). 
 
 Sempronia, Sempronia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Sempronius, Sempronius, ii (m.) ; ufor re- 
 lating to Sempronius, Sempronian, Sem- 
 pronius, -a, -um, and Sempronianus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Sena, Sena, -te (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Sena, Senanus, -a, -um, and Senensis, .«. 
 
 Senaar, v. Sennaar. 
 
 Seneca, Seneca, -bb (to.). 
 
 Senegal, the, Daradus, -1 (to.). 
 
 Senia, Senia, -ffi (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Senia, Seniensis, -e. 
 
 Senigaglia, Sena, -m (/.), Gallica; Seno- 
 gallia, -ad (/.), q. v. 
 
 Sennaar, Sirbitum, -i (n.). 
 
 Sennacherib, Sennacherib, indecl. («.). 
 
 Senogallia, Senogallia, -bb (/.) , :f or be- 
 longing to Senogallia, Senogallienais, -ei 
 
 Sennones, the, Seimones, -um (m.) ; of or 
 belonging to t/ie Sennones, SennOnicns, 
 -a, -um ; the country of the Sennones, 
 Sennonia, -bb (f.). 
 
 Sens, Agendicum, -i (re.) ; Senones, -um 
 (ro.). 
 
 Sentinum, Sentlnum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Sentinum, Sentinas, -atis (aifj.'i. 
 
 Sentinus, Sentinus, i (to.). 
 
 Sentius, Sentiua, -ii (to). 
 
 Sepias, Sepias, -adis (/.). 
 
 S^ussa, Sepiuasa, -te (/.). 
 
 Seplasia, Saplasia, -bb (/.), atid Seplaala. 
 -orum (n.). 
 
 Seppius, Seppiua, -il (to.). 
 
 Septa, Septa, -orum (re.). 
 
 Septicius, Septicius, -ii (ro.); of or relating 
 to Septicius, Septicianua, -a, -um. 
 
 Septimania, Septimania, -bb (/.). 
 
 Septimia, Septimia, ■<»? (/.). 
 
 Septiminus, Septiminus. -i (to.). 
 
 Septimius, Septimius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Septimuncia, Septimuncia, ■» (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Septimuncia, Septim«»ncl- 
 eneia, -e.
 
 b H K 
 tepttmua, Septimus, -i (m.). 
 
 Sequani, the, Sequani, -orum (m.) ; •/ or 
 
 relating to the Sequani, SequSaicoB, -a, 
 
 •una, and Sequtous, -a, -um. 
 Serachi, the, Serachi, -orum (m.) 
 Serapitm, Serapion, -6nU (m.). 
 Serapit, Sertpis, -is and -Idis (tn ) j oj or 
 
 relating to Serapis, rierapicus, -a, -um. 
 Serbi, the, Serbi, -orum (w.). 
 Serbonis (Lake), Serbonis, -Idis (/.). 
 Serchio, tite, iEsar, -ftris (m.), q. ▼. 
 Serdica, Serdica, -aa (/) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Serdica, Serdicensis, -e, and Serdice- 
 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 Serena, Serfina, -te (/.). 
 Serenianut, Sereniaous, -i (m.). 
 Sereniu, Serenue. -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Serenus, Sereniftnus, -a, -um. 
 Sera, the. Seres, -um (ro.) ; in aing^ 8er, 
 
 -fais ; of or r dating to the Serea, 86ri- 
 
 cus, -a, -um. 
 Sereatua, Serestus, -i (m.). 
 Sergeetut, Sergestus, -i (in.). > 
 
 Sergio, Sergia, -as (/). 
 Sergiolus, Sergiolus, -i (m.). 
 •iergiua, Sergius, -ii (»n.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Sergius, Sergian, Sergius, -a, -um. 
 Seria, Seria, -ee (/.). 
 Seringapatam, Brachme, ^es (/.). 
 Seriphua, Seriphus or Seriphos, -i (/.) , of 
 
 or belonging to Seriphua, SeripUus, •«, 
 
 •um. 
 Serippo, Serippo, -onis (/.). 
 Serphant, Sarepta, -8B (/). 
 Serphanto, Seriphus, -i (/.), q. ▼. 
 Serranua, Serr&nus, -i («•.). 
 Serretea, the, Serretes, -um (m.). 
 Serri, the, Serri, -orum (m.). 
 Serrium, Serrimn, -ii (n.). 
 Serloria, Sertoria, -m (/.). 
 Sertorius, Sertorius, -ii (tn.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Sertoriua, Sertorianus, -a, -um. 
 Servaua, Serveeus, -i (m.). 
 Servia, Servia, -8b (/.^ ; McBsia Superior. 
 Servian, Servianus, -i (m.). 
 Servilia, Servilia. -as (J7). 
 Serviliua, Serrilius, -ii (tn.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Serviliua, Servilian, Serviliua, -a, -um, 
 
 and Servilianus, -a, -um. 
 Serviue, Servius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Serviua, Servianus, -a, -um. 
 Seaamum, Sesamum, -i (n.). 
 Seaanium, Sesauium, -ii (n.). 
 Se8ddsts:= Seauatria. 
 Sesoatria, Sesostris, -is, alto Sesdosi*, -ia 
 
 Seaaa, Suessa, -sb (/.). 
 Sesaia, Sessia, -ea (/.). 
 Sestintim, Sestinum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Seatinum, SesOnas, -atia (adj.). 
 Sestius, Sestius, -ii (fn.). 
 Seeto, Sextium, -ii (n.). 
 Sestos, Sestos, -i (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Seatos, Sestiacus, -a, -um ; peeul. fern., 
 
 Sestis, -idis, and Sestias, -Sdis. 
 Setabia, v. Stttabia. 
 Seth, Seth, indecl (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Seih, Setliianus, -a. -um. 
 Saia, Setia, -b (/.) ; I'J -t relating to Se- 
 
 tia, Setinus, -a, -um. 
 Setiua (Mount). Setius, -ii («.), Mons ; of 
 
 or belonging to Mount Setiua, SStianus, 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Setuhea, Seuthes, -m (m.). 
 Seuthusa, Seuthusa, -» (/.). 
 Severa, Severa, -88 (/.). 
 Severian, Severianus, -i (m.\ 
 Severiyiua, Severinus, .i (m.). 
 Several, the, Sabrina, -bb (m.). 
 Severua, Severus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Severua, Severianus, -a, -um. 
 Seville, Hispalis, -is (/.), q. t. 
 Sevinua, Sevinus, -i (m.). 
 Sevo (Mount), Sevo, -onia («.). 
 Seottia, Sextia, -ee (/.). 
 Seztilia, Sextilia, -s (/.). 
 Sezxiliua, Sextilius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to StxtUius, Sextilianus, -a, -um. 
 Seitillus, Sextilius, -1 (m.). 
 Sextiiis, Sextius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Sextilia, Sextius, -a, um, and Sextia- 
 
 nufl, -a, -um. 
 Sextiis, Sextus, -i (rn.). 
 Shadrach, Shadrach, indecl. (m.). 
 Shannon, the. Juernus, -i (m.). 
 Shippey, Toliapis, -is (/.). 
 Shretcsbuni. Salopia. -88 (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Shrewsbury, Salopiensis e 
 
 Sill 
 
 Skaland (Uionds), the, Mmodm, -arum 
 
 (/.), Insula:. 
 Siambia, Siambis, -is (/.). 
 Sibde, Sibde, -e« (/.). 
 Siberia, Siberia, -ffi (/.). 
 Sibuzates, the, Sibuzates, -inm (m-X 
 Sibyll, SibyUa, -as (/.). 
 Sica, SIca, -sb (ot.). 
 
 Sicambri, tlie, Sicambri, -orum (m.) ; of or 
 relating to the Sicambri, Sicamber, -bra, 
 -brum. 
 Sicamhria, Sicambria, -as (/.). 
 Sicani, the, Sicani, -orum (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Sicani, Sicanius, -a, -um, and 
 Sicftnus, -a, -um (poet, for Sicilian). 
 Sicca, Sicca, s (/) ; of or relating to Sic- 
 ca, Siccensis, -e. 
 Siceiua, Siccius, -ii (in.). 
 Sichceua, SichsBUS, -i (m.). 
 Sichem, Sichem, indecL (m.), a man't nam*. 
 
 —2. (/.) a city. 
 Sicily, Sicilia, -aj (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Sicily, Siciliaji, Sicfllus, -a, -um, and 
 Siciliensie, -e ; pecul. fern., Slcdlis, -Idls ; 
 the Sicilians, Siciili, -orum («.). 
 Siei7iius, Sicinius, -ii (m.). 
 Sieinua, Sicinus, -i (/.). 
 Sieoria, the, SicCris -is (fi».). 
 Siculi, the, Sicnli, -orum (m), t. SieUg. 
 Sieiilua, Siclllus, -i (m.). 
 Sicyon, Sicyon, -onis (/) ; of or belonging 
 to Sicyon, Sicyonian, Sicyoniiis, -a, -um. 
 Side, Sida, -ee, and Side, -es (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Side, Sidensis, -e ; the inhab- 
 itanU of Side, Sidetse, -arum (m.). 
 Sidicinum, Sidicinum, -i (n.); of or be- 
 longing to Sidicinum, Sidicinus, -a, -um. 
 Sid07i, Sidon, -onis (/.), a city; of or be- 
 longing to Sidon, Sidonian, Sldflnius, 
 -a, -um ; pecul. fern., Siddnis, -Idis. — H. 
 (m.) a man' a name. 
 Sidoniua, Sidonius, -ii (m.). 
 Sidra (Gulf of), Syrtis, -U (/.), Major. 
 Sidus, Sidus, -untis (/.). 
 Siduaa, Sidusa, -bb (/.). 
 Sienna, Sena, -sb (/.). 
 Sifanto, Siphnus, -i (/.), q. v. 
 Szga. Slga, -ffl (/.) ; of or belonging to Si- 
 
 ga, Sigensis, -e. 
 Sigambri, the, v. Sicambri- 
 Sigeum, Sigeum and Sigeon, -i (n.) ; of or 
 belonging to Sigeum, Sigeua, -a, -um, 
 and Sigeius, -a, -um. 
 Sigida, Sigida, -88 (m.). 
 Sigipedes, the, Sigipedes, -um (m.). 
 Signia, Signia, -se (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Signia, Signlnus. -a, -um. 
 Signiaa (Mount), Signlas, -m (m.). 
 Sigovesus, SigovesuB, -i (ni.). 
 Sila, Sila, -se (/.); of or relating (0 SOa, 
 
 Sllanus, -a, -um. 
 Silana, Silana, -bb (/). 
 Silanio, Silanio, -onis (m.). 
 Sildnua, Sflfinus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 S>la?ius, Silanius, -a, -um. 
 Silarus. the, Silarus, -i (m.). 
 Silaa, Silas, -bb (m.). 
 SUbium, Silbium, -ii (n.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Silbium, Silbianus, -a, -um. 
 Sileni, the, Sileni, -orum (in.). 
 Silenvs, Silenus, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Silenua, Silenicius, -a, -um. 
 Silesia, Silesia, -ae (/.). 
 Sileum, Sileum. -i (w.). 
 Silici, the. Silici, -orum (m,). 
 Siliua, Silius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 9U- 
 iua, Silian, Silius, -a, -um, and SiUanus, 
 •a, -um. 
 Silo, Silo, -onis (in.), a man'i name.— 2. 
 
 (jr.) a city. 
 Siloa, Siloa, -bb, and Siloe, indecL (f.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to Siloa, SUoua, -a, -um. 
 Silpia, Silpia, -sb (/.). 
 Sit'ires, the, Silures, -um (in.). 
 Silns, Situs, -i (m.). 
 Silvanua, Silvinus, -i (m.). 
 Silvester, Silvester, -tris (».). 
 Silvi, the, Silvi, -orum (m.). 
 Silvia, Silvio, -bb (/.). 
 Silvinus, SiWnue, -i (in.). 
 Silvius. Silvius. -ii (m.). 
 Simathua. v. Symalhna. 
 Simalio, Simalio, -onis (m.). 
 Simbruvinm. Simbruvium, -ii (n.) ; of or 
 bdonging 'o Simbrufium, Slmbruvinus 
 (or Simominus), -a, -um. 
 Simeon, Simeon, -onis (m.). 
 Simittu, Simittu. indecl. (n.) \ofor belong- 
 i"g to Simittu. Simittiiensis. -e. 
 
 SLA 
 
 Simnias, Simmias, -se (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Simmias, Siramieus, -a, -um. 
 Simo, Simo, oui^ cm.). 
 Simoia, the, Simois, -eutis or -entos (M.). 
 Simon, Simon, -finis (m.) ; of or relating te 
 
 Simon, SimonianuB, -a, -um. 
 Simonides. SUnOnides, -m (m.) ; oforrtlat 
 ing to Simonides, Simonldeus, -a. um. 
 Simplex, Simplex, -icis (in.). 
 Simuinns, Simulans, -antis (».). 
 Simulus. Simulus, -1 (m.). 
 Simns, Simus, i (m.). 
 Simyra, Simyra, -m (/.). 
 Sinda, Slnda, -aa, and Sindos, -1 (/.) , oJ 
 or belonging lo Sinda, Sindicus, -a, -am, 
 and SindeusiB. -e. 
 Sindes, Sindes, * or -ia (m.). 
 Sindi, the, Sindi, orum (m). 
 Singara, Singara, -orum (n.) , of or o^ 
 longing to Singara. Singarenua, -a, -am. 
 Singidunum, Singidunum, -i (n.); of or 
 belonging to Singidunum, Singidiineil- 
 sia, -e. 
 Singili, Singili, indeel. (n.); of or belong. 
 
 ing to Singili, Singilensia, -e. 
 Sinigaglia, v. Senigaglia. 
 Sinia, Sinis, -is (m.). 
 Sin7ta, Sinna, -bb (/.). 
 Siimacea, Sinnacea, -is (m.). 
 Sinnius, Sinnius, -ii (m.); of or belonging 
 
 to Sinnius. Sinnianus, -a, -um. 
 Sinon, Sinon, -onis (m.). 
 Sinope, Sinope, -es (/-) ; of "r belonging 
 to Sinope, Sinopicus, -a, -um, and Sino- 
 pensis, -e ; pecul. fern., Sinopis, -idis. 
 Sinlice, Sintice, -es (/) ; of or belonging 
 to Sintice, Sinticus, -a, -um; thi' inhabit- 
 anta of Sintice, Sintii, -orum (m.). 
 Sinub, Sinope, -es (/.), q. v. 
 Sinueasa, Sinuessa, -ae (/.) ; of or helrng- 
 
 ing to Sinuessa, Sinuess&nus. -a. -tun. 
 Sion (Mount), Sion, indecl. (/.). 
 Siphnua, Siphnus, •) (/) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Sipknua, Siphnius, -a, -um. 
 Siponlum, Sipontum, -i (n.); of or beUmg 
 
 ing to Siponlum, Sipontinus, -a, -um. 
 Sipylua (Mount), Sipylus, i (m.) ; of or i» 
 Longing to Sipylus, Sipyleus, a, -um ; 
 Sipyleius, -a, -um ; and Sipylensis, -e. 
 Sir, the, laxartes, -» (m.). 
 Sirte, Sits, -arum (/.). 
 Sirbitum, Sirbitum, -i (n.). 
 Sirbonia (Lake), Sirbonis, -Idis (J.). 
 Sirena, the, Sirenes, -um (/.) ; a Siren. Si- 
 ren, -enis ; of or relating to the Sirena, 81- 
 renius, -a, -um ; pecul.fem., Sirenis. -idis. 
 Siria, the, SIris, -is (ra.) ; of or relating ta 
 tke Siria, Sirinus, -a, -um. — 2. (/.) a city ; 
 of or belonging to Siria, Sirinus, a, um ; 
 theinhabitantsofSiris, Sirini, -orum (in.) 
 Sirmia, Sirmia, -a; (/.). 
 Sirmio, Sirmio, -onis (m.). 
 Sirmium, Sirmium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Sirmium, Sirmiensis, -e. 
 Sirpi, Sirpi, -orum (tn.). 
 Sirpieua, Sirpicus, -i (m.). 
 Siaapo, Sisapo, -onis (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Siaapo, Sisaponensi.':, -e. 
 Siaeenniua. Siscennius, -ii (m). 
 Siaeia, Siscia, -bb (/.) : of or belonging tt 
 
 Siacia, Siscianus, -a, -um. 
 Siaenna, Sisenna, -sb (m.). 
 Siaennus, Sisennus, -i («».). 
 Siaer, Siser, -eris (m.). 
 Siaigambia, Sisisambis, -Ib (/.). 
 Siaieron, Segustero. -onis (/.); CivitasSe 
 
 gesterorum. 
 Si^hua, Sisyphus, -1 (m.) ; of or relating 
 lo Siayphus, Sisyphius, -a, -um ; son of 
 Sisyphus. Sisyphides, -m (m.). 
 Sithon, Sithon, -onis (m.). 
 Sithonii, the, SithSnii, -orum (m.^ . Sitko- 
 nian. SithCnius, -a, -um : pecul.fem.. Si- 
 th6ni8. -idis (poet, for Thrarianj. 
 Sitia, Sitia, -m (/.). 
 Sitifi, Sitifi. indecl. (n.); oj jr belonging 
 
 to Sitiji. Sitifensie, -e. 
 Sitonea, the, Sitones, -um (m.). 
 Sittace, Sittace. -es (/.); the territory of 
 
 Sittace. Sitticene, -es (/). 
 Sittiua, SitrilM, -ii (m.): of or belonging U 
 
 Sittiiia, Sittianus, -a, -um 
 Siviah, Ammonium, ii (n.). 
 Sirtns, Sixtus. i (m.). 
 Skye (Isle of), Ebuda Orientalis. 
 Skvro, Scyros, -i (/.), q. v. 
 Slatonia, Sclavonia or Slavonia, -«B (/.) 
 the Slavonians, Slavi, -orum, and 81» 
 Tones, -um (in.). 
 
 147
 
 SOS 
 
 SUtictck, Slesvicum, -i (71.). 
 Sluys, Clausulas, -arum (/.). 
 Smerdis, Smerdis, -is (m.). 
 Smilax, Stnilax, -acis (/.). 
 Smintha, Smintha, -as (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Smintha, Sminthian, Sminthius, 
 •a, -nm, and Smintheus, -a, um ; as an 
 appellation of Apollo, Sminthian, Smin- 
 theus, -eos or -ei (m.). 
 Smyrna, Smyrna, -a; (/.), a city; of or be- 
 longing to Smyrna, SmyrTutan, Smyr- 
 nsBus, -a, -um. — 2. a iromara'a name. 
 Sobii, the, Sobii, -orum («.)• 
 Sochis, Sochis, -is (m.). 
 
 Socho, Socho, indecl. (/.). 
 
 Socotora, Dioscoridis Insula (/.). 
 
 Socrates, Socrates, -is (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Socrates, Socratic, Socraticns, -a, -um ; 
 the followers of Socrates, Socradci, -orum 
 ("»■). 
 Socration, Socration, -onis (w.). 
 
 Soeunda, Socunda, -ae (/.). 
 
 Sodii, the, Sodii, -orum (f».). 
 
 Sodinus, the, Sodlnus, -i (»».). 
 
 Sodom, Sodoma, -aa (/.) ; Sod&mum, -i 
 (n.); tind Sodama, -orum (n.) ; the in- 
 habitants of Sodom, Soddmitae, -arum 
 (m.) ; of or belonging to Sodom, S6d- 
 6m!ticas, -a, -um. 
 
 Sogdiana, Sogdiana, -as (/.) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Sogdiana, Sogdiani, -onmi (m.). 
 
 Sogdonacus, Sogdonacus, -i («.). 
 
 Sohemus, Sobemus, -i (m.). 
 
 Soissons, Suessio, -onie (/.) ; Augusta 8u- 
 essionum. 
 
 Sol, Sol, -olis (m.). 
 
 Sole, Sole, -es (/.). 
 
 SoUtum, Soletum, -i (n.). 
 
 Soli, Soli or Solas, -orum (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Soli, Solensis, -e. 
 
 Solimnia, Solimnia, -bb (/.). 
 
 Solinus, Solinus, -i (to.), 
 
 Sollius, SoUius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Solomon, v. Salomon. 
 
 Solon, S6I00, -onis (m.). 
 
 Solontt, Solonae, -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Solontt, Solonas, -atia (adj.). 
 
 Solonium, Solonium, -ii (n.) ; of or bdong- 
 ing to Solonium, Soloniolis, -a, -am. 
 
 Solorius, Solorius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Solovetlius, Solovettius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Soltu, Solus, -untis (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Solus, Soluntinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Solva, Solva, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Soha, Solvensis, -e. 
 
 9>beay {Frith of), Ituns .^stuariam (n.). 
 
 Solymi, the, Sol^mi, -orum (».). 
 
 Solymut, Solymus, -i (ra.). 
 
 Sonno, Sonno, -onia (m.). 
 
 Sontini, the, Sondni, -orum («.). 
 
 Sontius, the, Sontius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to the Sontius, Sontius, -a, -am. 
 
 Sopater, Sopater, -tri (m.). 
 
 Sophene, Sj^hene, -es (/.) ; the inhabitanti 
 of Sophene, Sopheni, -orum (m.). 
 
 Sophia, Sophia, -as (/.) ; of or relating to 
 Sophia, Sophiinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Sophocles. Sophocles, -is (m.); of or relat- 
 ing to Sophocles, Sophoclean, Sopboclft- 
 ns, -a, -um. 
 
 So^konia, Sophonia, -8b (/.). 
 
 So ■ oniaba, Sophonisba, -te (/.). 
 
 Ha onins, Sophonlus, -ii (m.). 
 
 Sophron, Sophron, -onis («.). 
 
 Scrphronia, Sophronia, -SB (/). 
 
 Saphroniseus, Sophrdniscus, -I («.). 
 
 Sophronins, Sophronius, -ii («i.). 
 
 Sophus, SSphus, -i («i.). 
 
 Sopolis, S6p61i3, -is (m.). 
 
 Sora, Sora, -sb (/.) ; of or beUmgtng to So- 
 ra, Sorantts, -a, -um. 
 
 Soracte (Mount), Soracte, -is (n.) , of or 
 belonging to Mount Soracte, Soractlnus, 
 ■a, -um. 
 
 Soranus, Sdranus, -i (m.). 
 
 Sordice, Sordlce, -es (/.). 
 
 Sordones, the. Sordones, -um (»».). 
 
 Sjrdus, the, Sordus, -i (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to the Sordus, SordicSnus, -a, -um. 
 
 Sorrento, Surrentum, -i («.). 
 
 Sotagoras, SosagSras, -sb (!•.). 
 
 Sosia, Sosia, -8b (m.), a man'e name. — S. 
 (/.) o woman's name. 
 
 Sosias, Sosias. ■» (w.). 
 
 Sotibius, Sosibius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Soticles, Sosicles. -is (m.). 
 
 Sosigenet. SosiaSnes, -is («.). 
 
 Sositaui, Sosilaus, 4 (m.). 
 
 SoeHue, Sosilug, -1 (m.). 
 74$ 
 
 ST 
 
 Sofimenes, SobimSnes. -is (m.). 
 Sosipater, Sosipater, -tris (m.). 
 Sosippus, Sosippus, -i (m.). 
 Sosis, Sosis, -is (ro.), a man.— 2. (/) a 
 
 woman. 
 Sosistratus, SosistrStus. -i (m.). 
 Sositheus, Sositheus, -i (m.). 
 Sosius, Sosius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Sosius or the Sosii, Sosianus, -a, -um. 
 Sosthf:7te.i, Sosthenes, -is (m.). 
 Sostratus, Sostratus, -i (m.). 
 Sosns, Sosus, -i (m.). 
 Sotacus, Sotacus, -i (m.). 
 Sotades, Sotades, -is (rn.) ; of or relating to 
 Sotades, Sotadeus, -a, -una, and Sotadi- 
 cus, -a, -um. 
 Sotas, Solas, -sb (ra.). 
 Soter, Soter, -eris (m.). 
 Sotericus, Sotericus, -i («.) 
 Soteridas, Soteridas, -sb (m.). 
 Sothis, Sothis, -is (m.). 
 Sotiates, the, Sotiates, -um or -iain (m.). 
 Sotimus, Sotlmus, -i (m.). 
 Sotira, SoHra, -sb (/.). 
 Southampton, Clausentum, -1 («.). 
 Soza, Soza, -sb (/.). 
 Spa, Aqu8B SpadansB, -arum (/). 
 Spaco, Spaco, -te (/.). 
 Spain, Hispania, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Spain, ^aniak, HispAnns, -a, -um; 
 Hlspaniensis, -e ; and Hispanlcus, -a, 
 -um; the Spanish Sea, Ibericum Ma- 
 re ; the Spaniards, HispSni, -orum (m.) ; 
 Greek and poet., Iberia, and its derivt., 
 used for Hispania, -aa; t. Iberia. 
 Spalathra, Spalathra, -sb (/.). 
 Spalatro, Spalatum, -1 (n.). 
 Sparta, Sparta, -as (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Sparta, Spartan, Spartanus, -a, nm, and 
 Spartiacus, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of 
 Sparta, Spartans, Spartiata, -arum (m.), 
 Spartani, -orum (m.). 
 Spartaais, Spartacus, -1 («i.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Spartacus, Spartaciiu, -a, -um. 
 Spartian, Spartianus, -\ (in.). 
 Spatale, Spatale, -es (/). 
 Spectatns, Spectatus, -1 («l.). 
 Sprier, V. Spire. 
 SpeUtum, SpelsBum, -1 (n.). 
 Spdunca, Spelunca, -bb (/). 
 Sperchius, the, SpercbSus or Sperehlns, -H 
 (m.) ; of or belonging to ike Spereheut, 
 Spercheis, -Idis (fem. adj.); eon of Sptr- 
 chins, Spercheftnldes, -sb (w.). 
 Sperchite, SperchisB, -amm (/.). 
 Sperchius, the, y. Sperehiu*. 
 Speueippus, Spensippufl, -1 (m,). 
 Spezia, Tiparenua, -1 (/.). 
 Sph^rns, Sphserus, -1 (m.). 
 Sphagia, SphagisB, -arum (/.). 
 ^ciliua, Spicilius, -ii (m.). 
 Spina, Spina, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Spina, Spinflticus, -a, -nm. 
 Spina, Spino, -finis (m.). 
 Spintharus, Spintharui, -I (m.). 
 Spinther, Spinther, -«ris (m.). 
 Spintum, Spintum, -i (n.). 
 Spio, Spio, -ds (/.). 
 Spiraum, Spirseum, -1 (n.). 
 ^re, Augusta Nemetom; Noriomagua, 
 
 -i, and Spira, -sb (/.). 
 Spiridion, Spiridion, -onia (m.). 
 SpoUtium, ) Spoletium, -ii (n.) ; of or be- 
 Spoleto, 5 longing to Spoletiumt, 8po- 
 
 letinus, -a, -um. 
 Spongia, Spongia, •» (•.). 
 Sporades, the, Sp6rade8, -um (/.), Inrals. 
 Sponis, Sp6ruB, -i (m.). 
 Spurinna, Spnrinna, -m (m.). 
 ^irinus, Spurlnns, -1 («.). 
 Spurius, Spurius, -i) (m.). 
 Sguillaee, Scylacfeum, -i (n.), q. r. ; Cht^f 
 
 of Sguillaee, Scylaceus Slnna. 
 St. Agatha, Agathyma, -e (/.), and Aga- 
 
 thymnm, -i (n.). 
 St. Alban'e, Fanum St. Albanl (n.). 
 St. Andreu^s, Andre6p61ia, -ia (/.). 
 St. Angela, Castrum St AngeU (n.) ; An- 
 
 gS16p61i8, -is (/.). 
 51- Bertrand, Bertran6p61ii, -ii (/). 
 St. Catharines, Insula Catharinee (/.). 
 St. Christoval, Fortalitium St Cbrlatophft- 
 
 ri (fi.). 
 St. Cloud, Fanum St Clodoaldi («.). 
 St. Cruz. Fanum St. Crucis («.). 
 St. David's, Menevia, -sb (/.). 
 St. Denis, Cntolacura, -1 (n.). 
 St. Domineo, Kispaniola, -89 (/.). 
 St. Eufemia (Qulfof), LameOcu Sinoa. 
 
 S T O 
 
 St. Fe, Fanum St Fidei (».). 
 St. George, Insula St Georgii (/.). 
 A. Gothard, Adulas or Adula, -sb (Ǥ.). 
 St. Jago, Insula St. Jacobi (/.), an ielan* 
 
 —2. a city ; Fanum St Jacobi (n.). 
 St. James, Fanum St Jacobi (n.). 
 St. Jean £ Acre, Ace, -es (/.). 
 St. Juan de Puerto Rico, Fanum St Joan 
 
 nis Portus Divitis. 
 St. Maura, Leucadia, -bb (/.), q. v. 
 St. Michael, Fanum St Michaelis (n.). 
 St. Omer, Audomaropolis, -is (/.). 
 St. Quentin, Augusta Veromanduorun 
 
 St. Remi, Fanum St Remigii (n.). 
 St. Sebastian, Donastienum, -i (n.). 
 St. Stephen's, Fanum St. Stephfini (».). 
 St. Thomas, Insula St. ThomsB (/.), or 
 
 island.— 2. Fanum St ThomsB («.), 
 
 toiim. 
 Staberius, Staberius, -ii (m.). 
 Stabia, Stabiae, -arum (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Stabiee, Stabianus, -a, -um. 
 Stabulum, Stabnlum, -i (n.). 
 Stadius, Stadius, -ii (m.). 
 Stafford, Staffordia, -as (/.). 
 Stajgira, Stagira, -bb (f.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Stagira, Slagirite, Stagbites, -cb (wtatt 
 
 adj.). 
 Staius, Stains, -ii (m.). 
 Stalimene, Lemnos, -i (/.), q. t. 
 Stamford, Stamfordia, -bb (/.). 
 Stanwicks, Congavata. -bb (/.). 
 Staneo, Cos, q. v. 
 Standia, Dia, -sb (f.\ 
 Staphylius, Staphyhus, ii («.). 
 Staphylue, Stapbylus, -i (m.). 
 Staseat, Staeeas, -te (m.). 
 Stasimue, Stasimua, -i (m.). 
 Statianus, Statianus, -i (m.). 
 StatielUe, Statielloi, -amm (f.) -, of or b* 
 
 longing to StatielUe, Statlellas, -&tij 
 
 (adj.), and Statiellensis, •«. 
 Statilia, Statilia, -bb (/). 
 Statiliut, Statiliue, -ii (m.). 
 Statins, Statins, -ii (m.). 
 Statonia, Statonia, -aa (f.) ; of or bet&mg 
 
 ing to Statonia, Statonienna, -e. 
 Statortus, Statorius, -U (••.). 
 Stauri, the, Stauri, -omm (m.). 
 SteUndena, Stelendena, -bb (Jr.). 
 Stella, Stella, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging u 
 
 Sulla, Stellas, -Stis (adj.), and Stellatl- 
 
 nus, -a, -nm. 
 Stellio, Stellio, -Anis (m.). 
 Stenaeum, Stenacnm, -1 (n.). 
 Stenebtea, Stfindboea or SditaebcBa, •« 
 
 (/) ; of or relating to Stenebtea, SteD» 
 
 boBins, -a, -am. 
 Slentor, Stentor, -firis (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Stentor, Stentdreus, -a, -om. 
 Stephane, Stephine, -es (/.). 
 Stephania, Stephftnia, -bb (/.). 
 Stephanio, Steph&nio, -onis («i.). 
 
 |g^-.jStephanus.-.(.^). 
 
 Stereutius, Stercutius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Steria, Steria, -sb (/.). 
 
 Sterope, Sterope, -es (/.). 
 
 Steropes, Stfirdpes, -aa (m.). 
 
 Stertinius, Stertinius, -ii (m.^ ; of or bt 
 
 longing to Stertinius, Stertinius, -a, -um. 
 Stesiehorus, Stesich6rus, -i (m.) ; of or be 
 
 longing to SJf^icAonw, StesicboriuB, -a, 
 
 •am. 
 Stkentbaa, ▼. Stenebeea. 
 Sthenelus, SthSnglns, -i (m.) ; of or relat 
 
 ing to Sthenelus, SthenSlSfns, -a, um ; 
 
 pecuLfem., SthenSleis, -Idls. 
 Sthenius, Sthenins, -ii (m.). 
 Stkeno, Sthgno, -fls (/.). 
 Sthendbcea = Sthenibcea. 
 Sterling, Sterlinia, -aa (/.) ; Hons Dolorfr 
 
 sas (m.). 
 Stettin, Sedinum, -i (n.). 
 Stichue, Stichns, -i (m,). 
 Stilbon, Stilbon, -ontis (m,). 
 Stilicho, Stilicho, -finia (m.) ; ofer relating 
 
 to S'ilicho, StUicbonlaa, -m, -am 
 Stilio, Stilio, -onis (m.). 
 Stih, Seio, -onis (m.). 
 Stilpo, Stilpo, -onis (m.). 
 Stimicon, Sdmicon, -onis (m.)- 
 Stimon, Stimon, -onis (/.). 
 Stimula, Stimula, -bb (/). 
 Stipax, Stipax, -acis (»».). 
 Sttria, Stiria, -ib (/.). 
 Stobi, Stobl, -omm (m.) ; ^or belonging 
 
 to Siobi Stobensis, -e.
 
 8D E 
 
 Stockholm, Holmia, -m (/.). 
 
 Stockades, tlu, Stoechades, -urn (/.), i* 
 
 ting., StOBcbafi, -ftdis. 
 Stola, Stola, •» (m.)- 
 Stolo, Stolo, -onis (m.). 
 Storat, Storax, -acia (m.). 
 Strabo, Strabo, -onis (m.). 
 Strait of Caffa, BoapSrus Cimmeriiu (».). 
 Straw 0/ Comtantinopte, Bosporu* Tl>r«- 
 
 cios (m.)- 
 5trail of Dover, Fretum OalUcom. 
 Strait of Gibraltar, v. Oibraltar. 
 Strait of St. Bonifacio, Taphro*, -I (/.)• 
 Stralsund, Snmonia, ■» (/.). 
 Strassburg, Argentorfttum, -i (n.)- 
 Stratioki, Munychia, -» (/.). 
 StratippocUs. Stratippoclea, -1« (m.). 
 Stratiut, Stratius, -ii (»».)• 
 Strata. Strftto, -onie (m.). 
 Stratoclea, Stratoulea or StratocUa, -• (/.). 
 Stratocles, Stratocles, -is (m.). 
 Stratoniee, Strfttonlce, -es (/.). 
 Stratonicea, Stratonlcea, -m (/.) ; of or ht- 
 
 longing to Stratonicea, Strat6n!censi«, 
 
 ■e ; Straton!ceu8, -eos or -ei (mate adj.) ; 
 
 pecut.fem., StratonlcU, -Idia. 
 Slratonicus, Straton!cti9, -l (m.). 
 Stratonidas, Strat6nidtt9, -89 (m.). 
 Straiophanes, Stratfiphftnes, -is (».)• 
 Stralorius, Stratorius, -11 (m.). 
 StrattLg, StratUfl or Stratos, -i (/). 
 Strivali (Islands), P16UB or StrophSde* In- 
 
 sul* ( f). 
 
 Strongoli, Petelia, -Be (/.). 
 
 Slrongylion, Stronsylion, •bvia (».). 
 '^opn/u' 
 sQlee. 
 
 the, Stropb&de*, -um (/), Ib- 
 
 Stropkiut, Strophloa, -ii («a.). 
 
 Struma, Struma, -as (m,). 
 
 Strymon, Strymon, -Onli («.) , of or ht- 
 ionging to the Strymon, Strymonian, 
 Strym6niu8, -a, -um ; pecul. fern., Stry- 
 mSuis, -Idis. 
 
 Slubera, Stubera, -» (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Stubera. Stubereeue, -a, -um. 
 
 Stura, the, Stura, -sb («i.)- 
 
 Sturii, the, Sturii, -orum («•.)• 
 
 Slurium, Sturium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Stuttgard, Stuteardia, -ee (/.). 
 
 Stympk/llis, the, Stymph&lis, -is (m.). 
 
 Siifmphalus, Stymphalus, -1 («.) ; Stym- 
 phalum or Stymphilon, -1 (n.) ; and 
 Stymphala, -orum (n.); Stymphnlian, 
 Stymphallus, -a, -um, and Stymphall- 
 cns, -a, -um ; pecul. fern-, StymphWis, 
 -Idia ; especially in plural, the Stynpha- 
 lian (birds), Stympb&lidea, -um. 
 
 Styphelus, Styphfilns, -i (m.). 
 
 Siyr, Styx -fgi^ (/.) : of or belonging to 
 the Styz, Stygius, -a, -um. 
 
 Suadones, the, Suadones, -nm (m.^. 
 
 Suari, the, Saari, -orum (m.). 
 
 Suasa, Su&sa, -ee (/.) ; of or belonging >n 
 Si/asa. Suasanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Subernius, Subemius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Subis, the, Subls, -is («.)• 
 
 Sublaceum, Snblftceum, -1 (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Sublaceum, Subl&cengis, -e. 
 
 Sublieian (Bridge), Subliciua, -ii (m.), 
 Pons. 
 
 Bubota, Subota, -orum (n.). 
 
 Suhriut, Subrius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Subnr, Subur. -uris (/.), a city. — 2. (m ) a 
 river. 
 
 Subura. SfibQra or Stlburra, -m (f.) , of 
 or belonging to Subnra, SuburSnus, -a, 
 ■nm, and Suburitanus, -a, -um . the in- 
 habitants of the Subnra, SubQrSnenses, 
 -ium (m."). 
 
 Suceabar, Succabar, -ftris (n.). 
 
 Suecasses, the, Succasses, -ium (m.). 
 
 Suecubo, Snccubo. -finis (/) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Sucaibo. Succnbonitftnus, -a, -um. 
 
 Sueie Suche, -es (/.). 
 
 Btteinium, Sucinlum, -ii (».) , of or belong- 
 ing to Sucinium, Sucini&nus, -a, -um, 
 itnd Suciniensis, -e. 
 
 Buerana, Sucrana, -bb (f). 
 
 Suero, the, Sucro, -onis (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to the Sucro. Sucrdnensis, -e. 
 
 Sucuro, Snciiro, -onis (m.). 
 
 Sudertum, Sudertum, -i (n.) , of or belong- 
 ing to Sudertum, Sud^rtiSnug, -a, -um. 
 
 Sudines. Sudines, -» or -is (m.). 
 
 Sue, Sue, -es (f). 
 
 Sueeius, Sufecius, -ii (m.y 
 
 Sueconi, the, Sueconi, -cnim (m.) 
 
 S Y B 
 
 Suedtus, Buedius, ii (m.). 
 
 Suel, Suel, -Slis (n.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 SueL, Suelitauus, -a, -um. 
 Suelleni, the, Suell6ni, -orum («.). 
 Suemus, the, Suemns, -i («.). 
 Suessa, Sneesa, -as (/.); of or belonging 
 
 to Suessa, Buessanus, -a, -um. 
 Sueasetani, the. .Suessetftni, -omm (m.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to the Suessetani, Suesso- 
 
 t&nns, -a, -um. 
 Suestionet, the, Suesaiones, -um (m.) ; of 
 
 or belonging to the Suessionm, Suessio- 
 
 nensis, -e. 
 Suessula, Suessula, -m (f.) , of or belong- 
 ing to Suessula, SuessiiUnaa, a. -nm. 
 Suttius, Snetius, -ii (m.). 
 Suetonius, .Suetonius, -ii (m.). 
 Suetri, the, Suetri, -orum (m.). 
 Suetrius, SuetriuB, -Ii (m.). 
 Suevi, the, Suevt -orum (m.) ; of or bs- 
 
 longing to the Sued, Su6t1cu8, -a, -um, 
 
 and SuAvus, a, -um ; the country of ths 
 
 Suevi, Suevia, -m (/.). 
 Suerius, Suevius, -ii (m.). 
 Suez, ArsinoS, es (/.). 
 Suffenas, Sutfenas, -atis (m.). 
 Suffenatet, the, SuCfenltea, -um t -Ium 
 
 (m.). 
 Suffenus, SufTenns, -I (■».). 
 Suffetia, Suffetia, -bb (/.). 
 Suffolk, Suffolcia, -8b (f.). 
 Suffucius, Suffucius, -ii ((■.). 
 Sugambri, the, ▼. Sieambri. 
 SuUla, Suilla, -bb (/.). 
 Suillius, SuilliuB, -ii (m.). 
 SuiUum, Suillum, -i (n.); of or belonging 
 
 to Suillum, Sulllas, -»tii (adj.). 
 Suioneg, the, Suiones, -um («.). 
 ^fet. Sulci, -orum (m.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to SuM, Sulcensis, -e. 
 Suleiut, Sulcitu, -11 (m.). 
 Sulla, T. Sylla. 
 
 Sullanus, Snlllnns, -i (mX 
 SulUmiacis, Snlloniacls, -u 
 
 (/•) 
 
 Sully, Sulllacum, -1 (n.). 
 
 Sulmo, > Sulmo, -dnis (m.) ; of or be- 
 
 Sulmons, > longing to Snlmo, Sulmo- 
 
 nensia, -e, and (late) Solmontliilua, -*, 
 
 •am. 
 Sulpicia, Sulpicia, -m (/.). 
 SulpieOla, Sulplcilla, .«b (/.). 
 Sulpieius, Sulpicina, -il (m.) ; of or reitU- 
 1 ing to Sulpieius or the Sulpicia g*nt, 
 
 Sulpician, Sulpiclua, -a, -um, and 8nl- 
 
 piciinus, -a, -um. 
 Suniathus, Suniathus, -i (m.). 
 Sunici, the, Sunicl, -orum («.). 
 i Sunium, SQnium and SOulon, -il (n.) ; of 
 I or belonging to Sunium, Sunian, Sunl- 
 I aa, -Sdis (/.). 
 SuperbJit, Superbus. -i («.). 
 Sura, Sflra, -bb (/.), a city.— 9. (m.) a 
 
 man's nimte ; of or relating to Sura, 8n- 
 
 r&DUs, -a, -um. 
 Sura, the, Surs, -arum (m.). 
 Surdaones, the, Surdaftnei, -nm (m.). 
 Surena, Surfena or Surgnas, -«b (m.). 
 Surivs, the, Surius. -il (m.). 
 Surrentum, Surrentum, -1 (n.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Surrentum, Surrentine, Sur- 
 
 rentlnus, -a, -um. 
 Sitsa, Susa, -omm (n.) , of or belonging to 
 
 Snsa, Susins. -a, -um ; peeul.fem., Susis, 
 
 -Idis ; V. Susiana. 
 
 !::::;;;«.,! Susanna, 
 
 Susarion, SQsftrion, -onis (m."); of or relat- 
 ing to Susarion, Pusarifinins. -a, -um. 
 
 Susas, the, SuBa«, -te (m.). 
 
 Susiana, SQsiSna, -bb, and Snsi&ne, -es 
 (/•); of or belonging to Svaiana. Susi- 
 Inns, -a, um ; the inhabitants of Susi- 
 ana, Susiani, -orum, and Susii. -orum 
 (m.). 
 
 Susus, Susns, -i (ro.'i. 
 
 Suthuk Suthul, indecl. (f). 
 
 Sutrium, Sutrium, -ii (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Sutrium, Sntrtnus, -a, -um, and 
 Sutrins, -a, -um. 
 
 Sweden, Suecia, -ea (/.) ; Swedish, Snecl- 
 cus, -a, -um. 
 
 Switzerland, Helvetia, -re (/), q. t. 
 
 Syagriun, Pyasrius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Syagriim, Syaarum. -i (n.). 
 
 Sybaris, SybSris, -is (/.I, a city; of or b^ 
 -nging to Sybaris. Sybaritinua, -a, -am, 
 ^nd SybarlticU'". -a, -nm ; an inhabit- 
 ant ofSuharis, Sybarites, -re (ra.); Syb- 
 arltis. -Idis (/.). — % (m.) a wuin's name. 
 
 (/.). 
 
 T A L 
 
 Syce, Syce, -eg (/.). 
 
 Sycurium, Sycurium, -ii (».). 
 
 Syeusta, Sycuesa, -re (/.). 
 
 Sydopta, Sydopta, -re (/.). 
 
 Syene, Syene, -es (/.); of Syene, Syenite* 
 
 -re (masc. adj.) ; the inhabiianis of Syen^ 
 
 Syenitre, -arum (m.). 
 Syleum, Syleum, -i (n.). 
 Siylla, SyUa, -m (m.) ; of or relating m 
 
 Sylla, Syll&nas, -a, -um. 
 Syllus, SyUus, -i (m). 
 Symathus. the, Symajthus, 1 (m.) . of or 
 
 belonging to the Symttthus, Syini«tnin« 
 
 or -th6us, -a, -um ; pecul. fern., f^ymre 
 
 this, -idis. 
 Syme, Syme, -e« (/.). 
 Symmachus, Symmachus, i (im.) ; of or be 
 
 longing to Symmachus, SyRimachiauus, 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Symplegades, the, SympleET&des. -nm (/.) . 
 
 t» sing., Symplggas, -adis. 
 Symposion, Symposion, -ii (n.). 
 Symposius, Symposius, -ii (m.). 
 Syneerastus, Syncerastus, -i (m.). 
 Synephebi, the, Synephebi, -orum (m.). 
 Sifnnada, Srnnada, -re (/.) ; Synnas, -adis 
 
 (/.) ; and Synnada, -orum (n.); of or 
 
 belonging to Synnada, Synnadensig, -e, 
 
 and Syunadicus, -a, -am. 
 Syphax, Syphax, -Icis (m.). 
 Sypheum, Sypheum, -i (n.). 
 Syracuse, SyrScflsre, -arum (/) ; of or be- 
 longing to Syracuse, Syraciisan, Syra- 
 
 cflsanus, -a, -um ; Syrftcueius, -a. -um . 
 
 and poet., SyrScftsius, -a, -um. 
 Syrbota. the, Syrbotre, -arum (m.). 
 ^fria, Syria, -re (/.) ; of or belonging tn 
 
 Syria, Syrian, Syriacns, -a, -nm ; Syriua, 
 
 -a, -um ; and Syrua, -a, -um ; the Syrt 
 
 ans, Syri, ^jrum (m.). 
 Syrie, Syrie, -es (/.). 
 ^frinx. Syrinx, -inds (/.). 
 Syriseus, Syriscus, -i (m.). 
 Syrmattt, Syrmatre, -amm (m.). 
 Symos, Symos, -1 (/.). 
 Siyro, Sf ro, -onis (m.). 
 Syropha.nician, Sjrrophosnix, -Icis (,m.j 
 
 SyrophoBnissa, -re (/.). 
 5yro», SyroB, -i (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Syros, Syrius, -a, -um. and Syn<-"8. -«, 
 
 -am. 
 Syrtes, the, Syrtes, -Ium (/.) ; the grtata 
 
 Syrtis, Syrti.a major; the smaller Syrtis. 
 
 SjTTtls minor ; of or belonging to the 
 Syrtes, Syrticus," -a, -nm ; pecfil. masc^ 
 
 Syrates, -re. 
 Syrvt, Syrus, .i (m.). 
 Skegedin, r. Segedin. 
 
 Tahtt, TabsB. -arum (/.). 
 
 Taber, Taberium, -il (n.). 
 
 Tabis, Tabls, is (m.). 
 
 Tabitha, Tabltha, -re (/.). 
 
 Tabraca, Tabraca, •» (/.). 
 I Tabumus. Tabumus, -i (m.). 
 1 Taeape, Tacape, -es (/.). 
 I Tacfarinas, Tacfwinas, -Stis («.) 
 I Tachompm, Tachompso, -fls (/.). 
 ' Taehus, Tachus, -i (m.>. 
 
 Tacitus, Tacitus, -1 (m.). 
 ■ Tadeaster. Tadecastrum, -i (n.). 
 
 Tader. the. Tader, -firis (m.). 
 
 Tadiates, Tadiates, -um or -ium (w.; 
 
 Tadinates, TadinStes, -um or ium (■».). 
 
 Tadmor, r. Thadmor. 
 
 Tndnte. TadOte, -es (/.). 
 
 Tttvnrum. v. Matapan ; of or belonging ta 
 Tienarum, Ttenarins, -a, -um ; a female 
 of T(tnarum. i. e., Laconia. T8>n4ri8. 
 -Idis (/."> ; a man of Tanarum. i. e., La- 
 conia, Ta-narldes, -re (m> ; the lower re 
 gions, the lower world, Trenara, -onUB 
 (n. plural). 
 
 Tagaste. Tagaste. -6s (/.). 
 
 Tages. Tagcp, -6tis (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Tages. Taggticus, -a. -um 
 
 Tagus, V. Tajo. 
 
 Tajo, Tagus. i (m.). 
 
 Talassio, Tala?sio, -6ni8, and Taiassius, -il 
 (m.) ; T. Talassus. 
 
 Talassus, Talassns, -i (m.> ; another form 
 for Talassio. 
 
 Talaiis, Talaus. -1 (pi.) : 0/ or relating to 
 Talaut, Talaiftnius, a. -am: a son or 
 descendant of Talaus, TalalftnTdea, -a 
 (m.). 
 
 Talos. Taloa -i (^.) 
 
 -49
 
 T A L 
 
 Taa/iybius, Talthybius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Tamar, Tamarus, -i (m.). 
 
 Tambre, Tamaris, -is (nt.). <tnd Tamara, -e 
 
 Tamests, v. Thames. 
 Tamos, Tamos, -i (m.). 
 Tampsapor, Tampsapor, -SriB (m.). 
 Tamworth, Tamawordina, -ai (/.)■ 
 Tanager, Tanager, -gri (m.) 
 TTana^ra, Tanagra, •» (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Tanagra, TanagraiUB, -a, -um, 
 and Tanagricus, -a, -um. 
 Tanagrus, another form of Tanager. 
 Tanais, v. Don. 
 Tanaquil, Tanaquil, -ilia (/.). 
 Tanaro, the, Tanarus, -i (nt.). 
 Tanas, Tanas, -ffi (m.). 
 Tanedo, Tanetum, -i («.). 
 Tangier, Ting;i8, -is (/.). 
 Tanis, Tanis, -is (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Tanis, Taniticua, -a, -run, and Tanites, 
 •SB (masc. adj.) ; Tanitic Nome or Nome 
 of Tanis, Tanites Nomos. 
 Tantalus, Tantalus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Tantalus, Tantaleus, a, -um, and 
 Tantalicus, -a, -um ; a son or descendant 
 of Tantalus, Tantalides, -bb (m.) ; a 
 daughter or female descendant of Tan- 
 talus, Tantalis, -Idis (/.). 
 Taormino, Tauromenium, -ii (n.). 
 Taphius {Mount), Taphiue, -ii (f».); of en- 
 belonging to Taphius, Taphiusius, -a, 
 -um. 
 Taphros, v. Bonifacio. 
 Taprobane, v. Ceylon. 
 Taranis, Taranis, -is (m.). 
 Tarantaise, Tarantasia, ea (/.). 
 Taranto, Tarentum, -i (n.). 
 Taras, Taras, -antis (m.). 
 Tarascon, Tarasco, -onis (m.). 
 Tarbelli, Tarbelli, orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Tarbelli, TarbeUicus, -a, 
 •um, and Tarbellus, -a, -um. 
 Tarchon, Tarcho, -onis (m.). 
 Tarentum, Tarentum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Tarentum, Tarentinus, -a, -um ; 
 the inhoJdtants of Tarentum, Tarentini, 
 •orum. 
 Targovisco, Targoviscum, -i (».)• 
 Tarichma, Tarichaea, -ee (/.). 
 Tarn, the, Tarnis, -is (m.). 
 Taro, Tarus, -i (m.). 
 Tarpa, Tarpa, •» (m.). 
 Tarpeia, Tarpeia, -8b (/.). 
 Tarpeian Mount, Mons TarpeJus, Tar- 
 
 peium Saxum ; Tarpeia rupes. 
 Tarptxus, Tarpeius, -ii (m.). 
 Tarquin, Tarquiniua, -ii («.). 
 Tarquinii, Tarquinij, -onmi (m.). 
 Tarracina, Tarracina, -m (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Tarracina, Tarracinensis, -e ; 
 the inhabitants of Tarracina, Tarraci- 
 nenaes. 
 Tarraco, Tarrico, -onis (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Tarraco, Tarraconensis, -e. 
 Tarragona, Tarraco, -onis (/.). 
 Tarsus, Tarsus, -i (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Tarsus, Tarsenais, -e ; the inhabitants 
 of Tarsus, Tarsenaes. 
 Tanarus, Tartarus, -i (m.), and in plural, 
 Tartara. •drum (n.) ; of or belonging to 
 Tartarus, Tartarean, Tartareua, a, -unL 
 Tarteastt*, Tarteaaus, -i (/.); of or belong- 
 ing to Tartessus, Tartessius, -a, -um ; 
 Tartessiacua, -a, -um ; and fem. adj., 
 Tartessia, •idia. 
 Taruenna, Taruenna, -ae (/.) ; v. Terou- 
 
 enne. 
 Tarusates, Tarusates, •um or -lum (»».). 
 Tarcisus, Tarvisus, -i (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Tarvisus, Tarvisanua, -a, -um ; v. 
 Treviso. 
 Tatianus, Tatianus, -i (m.). 
 TVuteK.-t^ Tatienaes, -um (»».)• 
 Tatius. 'i «cua, -ii (m.). 
 Twia (Lake), Tatta, -sb (/) ; v. Tuila. 
 Taniantii, Taulantii, -orum (»i.). 
 Taum Mstuarium, v. Tay. 
 Taunton. Thonodunum, -i (n.). 
 Tauric Chersonese, Chersonesus Taorica ; 
 
 ▼. Crimea. 
 Taurini, Taurini, -orum («n.) ; v. Turin. 
 Tauris, Tauria, -idis (/.). 
 Taurisci, Taurisci, -orum (m.). 
 Tauromenium, Tauromenium -il (n.) ; of 
 or belonging to Tauromenium, Tanro- 
 menitanuB, -a, -um ; the inhabitants of 
 Tauromenium, Tauromenii, -orum ; v. 
 Taomtno. 
 750 
 
 T E R 
 
 TauToseytha, Tanroscythaj, -arum (m.). 
 
 Taurunum. Taurunum, -i (.n.) ; the inhab- 
 itants ofTaurunum, Taurunensea, -ium. 
 
 Taurus (Mount), Taurus, -i (■».) ; Pass of 
 Taurus, Tauri Pylse. 
 
 Taxiles, Taxiles, -m (m.). 
 
 Tay (Fritk of), Taum (-i) ^stuarlnm. 
 
 Tay (River), Tavua, -i (m.). 
 
 Taygete, Taygete, -es (f). 
 
 Taygelus (Mount), Taygetus, -i (m.), and 
 Taygeta, -drum (n. plural). 
 
 Teanum, Teanum, -1 (n.) ; the inhabitantt 
 of Teanum, Teani, •orum. 
 
 Teate, Teate, -is (n.) ; the inhabitants of 
 Teate, Teatlni, -orum. 
 
 Tech, Tecum, •i («.). 
 
 Tecmessa, Tecmeesa, -as (/.). 
 
 Tecmon, Tecmon, -onis (in.). 
 
 Tectosages, Tectosages, -um (»».). 
 
 Tegea, Tegea, -bb, and Tegee, -6a (/.); of 
 or belonging to Tegea, TegeseuB, -a, •tim ; 
 Teeeeus, -a, -um ; Tegeaticua, -a, -um ; 
 and fem. adj., Tegeatis, -idis; the latter 
 is also used poetically for a female Arca- 
 dian. 
 
 Telamon, Telamon, -onia («.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Telamon, Telamoniua, -a, -um ; 
 a son of Telamon, Telamoni&des, -sb. 
 
 Telchines, Telchlnes, -um (m.). 
 
 Teleboaru, Telebos, -irum (m.), and Tele- 
 b6i, -orum (»i.) ; Teleboan Islands. Tele- 
 boides Insulee. 
 
 Telegonus, Teleg6nue, -1 (m.). 
 
 Telemachus, Telemftchua, -i («.), 
 
 Teiephus, TelSphus, -1 (m.). 
 
 TeUsia, Telesia, •se (/.) ; of or relating to 
 Telesia, Teleslnus, -a, -um. 
 
 Telesinus, Telesmna, -i (m.). 
 
 Telestes, Teleates, -sb or •is («.). 
 
 Telethusa, Teletbaaa, -sb (/.). 
 
 Telina Vallis, v. VaUeline. 
 
 Telini, Telini, -orum (m.). 
 
 Tellus, Tellua, -uria (/.). 
 
 TelmessHs, Telmesaus, -i (/.) ; oj or be- 
 longing to Telmessus, Telmeaaicns, -a, 
 -um ; Telmessius, -a, -um ; and fem. 
 adj., Telmessis, -idis ; the inhabitants 
 of Telmessus. Telmesaenses, -Inin. 
 
 Tela, Telo, -onia (m.). 
 
 Telo Martins, v. Toulon. 
 
 Telos, Telos, -i (/.). 
 
 Telxiope, Telxiope, -es (/.). 
 
 Temesa, Temesa, -ee (/.). 
 
 Temese, Temese, -es (/.). 
 
 Temeswar, v. Tomiswar. 
 
 Temnos, Temnos, -i (/.). 
 
 Tempe, Tempe (n. plural). 
 
 Tempyra, Tempyra, -onim (n. plural). 
 
 Tenctheri, Tenctheri, -orum (m. plural). 
 
 Tenedos, Tenedos, -i (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Tenedos. Tenedius, -a, -um. 
 
 Teneriffe, Nivaria, -sb (/.). 
 
 Tenes, Tenes, -8b or -ia (m.). 
 
 Tenos, Tenos, 1 (/.). 
 
 Tentyra, Tentyra, -orum (n. plural) ; v. 
 Dendera ; of or belonging to Tentyra, 
 Tentyriticus, -a, -um, and masc. adj., 
 Tentyrites, -« ; the Nome of Tentyra, 
 Tentyrites Nomos ; the inhabitants of 
 Tentyra, Tentyritte, -arum (m. plural). 
 
 Teas, Teos, -i (/.) ; of or beUmging to 
 Teas, Tean or Teian, Teius, -a, -um. 
 
 Teredon, Teredon, -onia (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Teredon, Teredonius, -a, 
 •um. 
 
 Terence, TerentiuB, -n (m.). 
 
 Terentia, Terentia, -ea (/.). 
 
 Terentianus, Terentianus, -i (m.). 
 
 Terentilla, Terentilla, -sb (/.). 
 
 Terentillut, Terentillus, -i (m.). 
 
 Terentius, Terentius, -ii (ra.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Terentius, Terentianus, -a, -um ; 
 Terentinus, •a, -um. 
 
 Teres, Teres, -6tis (m.). 
 
 Tereus, Tereus, -ei and -eoa (m.) ; a son 
 or d^eendant of Tereus, TerSides, -sb. 
 
 Tergeste, Tergeate, -is (n.) ; v. Trieste ; of 
 
 or belonging to Tergeste, Tergestinua, 
 
 -a, -um ; the inhabitants of Tergeste, 
 
 Tergeatini. 
 
 Terias, Teriaa, •sb (m.). 
 
 Terina, Terina, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Terina, Terinsua, -a, -um. 
 Termes, Termes, -etis (/.). 
 Termessus, Termeasus, -i (/.) ; the i7thab- 
 
 itants of Termessus, Termessensea. 
 Termini, Therms Uimerenses. 
 Temi, Interamnia, -«b (/.). 
 1 Ta-nova, Ternolium, -ii (».). 
 
 THE 
 
 Terouenne, Taruenna, -aa, and Tar'^oa^ 
 
 •8B (f). 
 Terpander, Terpander, -dri (m.f. 
 Terpsichore, Terpsichore, -es (/.). 
 Terpsis, Terpsis, -idis (/.). 
 Terra Nuova, Gela, -sb (/.). 
 Terraci7ia, Tarracina, -sb (/.), q. t. 
 Tertullian, Tertullianus, -i (m.). 
 Tertullus, TertuUus, -i (»».). 
 Tesino, Ticinus, -i (to.). 
 Tethys, Tethys, -yos (accus. -ya or -yn (J.y 
 Telragonis, Tetragonis, -Idis (/.). 
 Tetricus, Tetricus, -i (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Tetricus, Tetricianus, -a, -um. 
 Teucer, Teucer, -cri (m.). 
 Teuchira, Teuchira, •« (/.). 
 Teucria, Teucria, -sb (/.) ; v. Troy , of or 
 belonging to Troy, Teucrus, -a. -ma , 
 Teucrius, -a, -um (used only in the plu- 
 ral n.) ; the Trojans, Teucri ; a Trojan 
 female, Teucria, •idis (/.). 
 Teuiana, Teutana, .se (/.). 
 Teutales. Teut&tes, -sb (m.). 
 Teuthrania, Teuthrania, -sb (/.), aiid Ten- 
 
 thranie, es (/.). 
 Teuthras, Teuthraa, -antis (m.) ; of or rt- 
 lating to Teuthras, Teuthranteus. ■• 
 -um ; Teuthrantius, -a, -um. 
 Teuthredon, Teuthredon, -onis (m.). 
 TeMoburgium, Teutoburgium, -ii (»..). 
 Teutones, Teutones, -um (m.) ; of or l» 
 longing to the Teutones, Teutonicns, -a, 
 -um. 
 Thabena, Thabena, -sb (/.) ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Thabena, Thabenensea, ium. 
 Thabor (Mount), Itabyriua Mona. 
 Thabraca, Thabraca, -ea (/.) ; v. Tabraca. 
 Thaddeus, Thaddeus, -i (m.). 
 Thadmor, Thadamora, -sb (f.) ; Palmyra, 
 
 -ffi(/). 
 Thais, Thais, -idis (/.). 
 Thalassius, Thalassiua, -ii (m.). 
 Thales, Thales, -etis (»*.). 
 ThaXestris, TUalestris, -is (/.). 
 Thalia, Thaha, -w (/.). 
 Thaliarchus, Thaliarchus, -1 (».). 
 Thallumttus, Thallumetus, •! («.) 
 Thames, Tamesis, -is (m.). 
 Thamugas, Thamugas, adls (/.) 
 Thamyras, Thamyras, -sb («.). 
 Tha7iet, Tanatis, -is (/.). 
 Thapsacus, Thapsacua, -i (m.) ; inhabittnts 
 
 of Thapsacus, Thapaacenaes. 
 Thapsus, Thupsua, -i (/.) ; of or belongltig 
 to Thapsua, Tbapsitanus, -a, -um ; th* 
 itihabitanta of Thapsus, Thapsitani. 
 Thasos, Thajios, -i (f.) ; of or belo7tging to 
 
 Thasos, Thasius, -a, -um. 
 Thaumaei, Thaumaci, •orum. 
 Thaumas, Thaumas, -antis (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Thaumas, Thaumanteua, -a, 
 •um ; a daughter of Thaumas, Thau- 
 mantis, -idis, and Thaumantias, -adia- 
 JTietetetus, Theajtetus, -i {m.). 
 Theagenes, Theagenes, •is (m.). 
 Theaki, Ithaca, -sb (/.). 
 Theano, TheSno, -fls (/.). 
 ThebtB, ThebsB, -arum (/.) ; of or belong, 
 ing to Thebes, Theban, Thebanua, -a, 
 -um , the inhabitants of Thebes, Theba- 
 ni, -orum. 
 Thebais, Thebais, -idia (/.). 
 Thebe, Thebe, -es (/.). 
 Thebes, ThebsB, -Srum (/.) ; Theban, The- 
 banus, -a, -um ; Thebans, Thebani, -orum 
 Theiss, Tibiscus, -i (ro.). 
 Themis, Themis, -idia (/.). 
 Themiseyra, Themiscyra, aj (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Themiseyra, Themiscyra 
 us, -a, -um ; Themiscyrius, a, -um • 
 Themiscyrenus, -a, -um. 
 Themison, Themlson, -onis (tn.). 
 Themisonium, Themisonium, -ii (n.) ; the 
 inhabitants of Themisonium, Themiso 
 nes, -lun. 
 Themisto, Themisto, -fls (/.). 
 Themistocles, Themistoclea, -is (m.) ; of or 
 relating to Themistocles, Themiatocleua, 
 -a, -um. 
 Thera, Thera, -» (/.) ; of or belonging t» 
 
 Thera, Theraus, -a, -um. 
 Theobald, Theobaldus, -i (m.). 
 Theoclea, Theoclea, -sb (/.). 
 Theocritus, Theocritus, -i (m.) ■ of or be- 
 longing to Theocritus, Theocriteua, -a. 
 •um. 
 Theodamas, Theodamas, •antis (m.) ; of at 
 relating to Theodanas, Theodamaatina, 
 -a, •ui#
 
 THY 
 
 rheodora, Theodora, -ae (/.). 
 Tkeodurc, Theodorus, -i (m.). 
 Theodoric, Theodoricus, -i (m.)- 
 Theodosia, Theodosia, -m (/.)• 
 Theodoiiianus, Thcodosilnus, -i (m.). 
 Theodosius, Theodosius, -ii (m.). 
 Theodotion, TheodoHon, -onis (m.). 
 Theodoius, Theod6tU8, -i (m.). 
 Theodulf, Theodulfiis, -i (ra.). 
 Theogcnet, Theogenee, -is (m.). 
 Theognit, Theognis, -Idis (m.). 
 Theomedea, Theomedes, ia (m.). 
 Theon. Theon, -onis (ra.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Theon. Theoninus, -a, -urn. 
 Theojt&e, Theon6e, -es (/.)• 
 Theopfianes, Theophanes, is (ra.) 
 T/ieopkilus, Tht^ophilus, -i (m.). 
 Theophraslns, Theophrastus, -i (m.) 
 Tluopolis, Theopolis, -is (ra.). 
 Theopompus, Theopompus, -i (m.). 
 Tlieorug, Theorus. -i (m.). 
 Theolima, Theotima, -ae (/.). 
 Theotimits, Theotimus, -i (ra.). 
 Theoxena, Theoxena, -8b (/.). 
 Theozenits, Theoxeuue, -i (m.). 
 Thera, Thera, -m (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Thera, Therasus, -a, -um. 
 
 Therame7ies, Theramenes, -ia (m.). 
 Therapntt, Therapnaj, -arum {/.) ; oj 
 
 }f or 
 
 belonging to Therapntt, Tberapnwus, 
 •a, -um. 
 There, There, -es (/.). 
 Thericles, Thericles, -ia (m.). 
 Thermodon, Thermodon, -ontis (m.). 
 Thtrmopijlct, Thermopylae, arum (/.). 
 Theron, Theron, -ontia (m.). 
 Thersander, Thersander, -dri (ra.). 
 Thersilochus, Thersilochus, -i (m.). 
 Thersites, Thersitee, •» (ra.). 
 ThesHa, Theseis, -idis (/.). 
 Theseus, Thesuus, -ei or -eos (ra.) ; qf or 
 relating to Theseus, Theseius, a, van ; 
 Theseus, -a, -um ; a son of Theseus, 
 Thesides, -a; (m.); the Athenians, as de- 
 scendants of Theseus, Thesidas, -arum 
 (ra.). 
 Thespia, Thespia;, -arum (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to ThespuE, Theapiacus, a, -um ; 
 Thespias, -adis (/em. adj.). — Hence, the 
 Muses, as being honored at Thespijr, 
 aere called Thespiades Dete ; the inhab- 
 itants of Thespia, Thespienaes, -ium. 
 Thespis, Thespis, -is and -idia (ra.). 
 Thespiiis, Thespius, -ii (m.) ; a son or de- 
 scendant of Thespius, Thespiadea, -ee. 
 Thesprotia, Theaprotia, -sb (/.) ; of or bt- 
 longing to Thesprotia, Thesprotius, -a, 
 -um. 
 Thessalia, Thessalia, -» (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Thessaly, Thessalian, ThessaU- 
 cus and Thessalius, -a, -um ; the Thes- 
 salians, Thessali, -orum ; a female Thes- 
 salian. Thessalis, -idia. 
 Thessalonica, Thesaalonica, -bb (/.) ; the 
 inhabitants of Thessalonica, Thessaloni- 
 censes, -ium. 
 Thetford, Sitomagua, -i (/.). 
 Thionville, Theodonis Villa. 
 Thorn, Thorunium, ii (7i.). 
 Thrace, Thracia, -te (/.) ; a Thracian, 
 Thrax, -acis ; Thracian, Thracicus, -a, 
 -um ; Tliracius, -a, -um ; Threicius, -a, 
 -um. 
 Thraso, Thraso, -onis (ra.). 
 Thrasybulus, Thrasybulua, -i (ro.). 
 Thrasymedes, Thraaymedea, -ia (m.). 
 nria, Thria, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Thria, Thriasian, Thriasius, -a, -um. 
 Thrius, Thrius, untis (/.). 
 Thucydides. Thucydldes, -is (w.) ; Thucyd- 
 
 idean, Thucydideus, -a, -um. 
 Thule. Thule, es (/.). 
 Thurii. V. Thurium. 
 
 Thurium, Thurium, -ii (n.), and Thurii, 
 -orum (TO.) ; of or belonging to Thuri- 
 um, Thurinus, -a, -um ; the inhabitants 
 of Thurium, Thuriatea, -um or -ium. 
 Thyamis. Thyamis, -ia (ra.). 
 Tkyatira, Thyadra, -sb (/); the inhabit- 
 ants of Thyatira, Thyatirfini, orum. 
 nyestes, Thyestes, -as, rarely -is (ra.) ; son 
 or descendant of Thyestes, Thyestiides, 
 m- 
 T%ymbra, Thymbra, -aa (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Thymbra, Thymbraeus, -a, -um. 
 Thymele, Thymele, -es (/.). 
 TTtyni, Thyni, -orum (».) ; of or belong- 
 ing to the Thyni (,=:Bilhynian), Thy- 
 Dceus, a, -um. 
 
 TOR 
 
 Thynias, Thynias, -adis (/.). 
 
 Thyone, ThyOne. -es (/.). 
 
 Thyraum, TLyritrUin, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 
 ing to Tkyraum. Thyrajus. a, -um. 
 Tkyrsis. Thyrsis, -is (ra.). 
 Tiber, Tibgris, -is ; Tibria, -is nr -Idle ; Thy- 
 bris, -is or -idis (ra.) ; of or belonging to 
 the Tiber, Tiberinus, -a, -um 
 Tiberias, Tiberias, -ftdia (/.). 
 Tiberinus, Tiberinua, -i (ra.). 
 Tiberis, v. Tiber. 
 Tiberius, Tiberius, -U (f».). 
 Tibiscus, V. Theiss. 
 Tibutla, TibuUa, -ee (/.). 
 Tibullus, TibuUus, -i (m.) 
 THbur, Tibur, -Oris (n.) ; of or belonging 
 to THbur, Tiburs, -urtie (ro.,/., n.) ; Ti- 
 burtlnus, -a, -um ; Tibumua, -a, -um ; 
 the inliabitants of THbur, Tiburtes, -ium 
 (ra.). 
 Tibumus, Tibumus, -i (ra.). 
 Tiburtut, Tiburtus, -i (ra.). 
 Ticinum, Ticinum, -i (n.) ; v. Pavta; of 
 or belonging to Ticinum, Ticinensis, -e ; 
 Ticinus, -a, -um. 
 Ticinus, Ticinus, -i (w.) ; v Tesine. 
 Tifata, Tif ftta, -orum (n.) ; of or btUmg 
 
 ing to Tifata, Tifatinue, a. um j 
 
 Tifemum, Tifemimi, -i (fi ) . the inhabit \ 
 ants of Tifemum, Tifrm4t<i», um or 
 -ium. 
 Tigellinus, Tigellinus, -i (m.» 
 TigeUius, TigcUius, -ii (ro.) 
 T^anee, Tigranes, -is or -» (ra.) 
 Tigranocerta, Tigranocerta. -orum (». 
 
 plural). 
 Tigris, Tigris, -is or -idis (ro). 
 Timaus, Tunseus, -i («.). 
 Timagenes, Timagenee, -ia (ra.). 
 Timagoras, Timagoras, -bb (m.) 
 Timandra, Timandra, -8B (/.). 
 Timanor, Timanor, -6ris (ra.). 
 Timanthes, Timanthes, -is (ro.) 
 Timarete, Timarfite, -es (/.). 
 Timasicrates, Timaaicratcs, -is (m.). 
 Timochares. Timochares, -is (m > 
 Timocles, Timdcles, -is (m.). 
 Timocrates, Timocrates, -is (m.) 
 TimoUon, Timoleon, -onds («•.) 
 Timon, Timon, -onis (ro.). 
 Timothy, TimothSus, -i (ra.). 
 Tingis, V. Tangier. 
 Tiphys, Tiphys, -jria or -yea (•!.). 
 Tiresias, Tireaias, -sb (ro.). 
 Tiridates, Tiridatos, -le or -ie (m.). 
 Tiro, Tiro, -onis (m.V 
 Tiryns, Tiryns, -nthis (/.) ; of or bdong 
 
 ing to Ttryris, TyrinthiUB, -a, 
 Tisagoras, Tisag6ras, -sb (m.). 
 Tisamenes, Tieamenea, -is (m.). 
 Tisias, Tisias, -sb (ro.). 
 Tisiphone, Tiaiphdne, -es (/.). 
 Thsaphernes, Tissaphemes, -is (m.). 
 Titan, Titan, anis (ro.) ; of or gelongtng 
 to the THtans, Titanis, -idis {fern, adj.) ; 
 a female Titan, Titanis, -idis. 
 Tilhonus, Tithonus, i (ra.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Tithonics, Tithonlus, -a, -um. 
 JHtian, Titianua, -i (m.). 
 Titicuses, Titicuaea, -ium (m.). 
 Titinius, Titinius, -il (m.). 
 Titius. Titiua, -ii (ro.). 
 Titurius, Titurius, -ii (ro.). 
 Titus, Titus, -i (m.). 
 Tityos, Tityos, -i (ra.). 
 Tivoli, Tibur, -uris (n.). 
 Tlos, Tlos, -ois (/.). 
 
 Tmarus (Mount), Tmarus, -i (m.) , of or 
 belonging to Tmarus, Tmarius, -a, -um. 
 Tmolus (Mount), Tmolua, -i (ro.) ; of or 
 belonging to Tmolus, Tmolius, -a, -um. 
 Tobias, Tobias, -es (ra.). 
 Toby, Tobias, -ee (ra.). 
 Tolbiacum,To\hi&cnm, -i (n.). 
 Toledo, Toietura, -i (n.). 
 Toletum, v. Toledo. 
 Tolometa, Ptolemais, idis (/.). 
 Tolosa, Tolosa, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 ToU/sa, Tolosanus, -a, -um ; the inhabit- 
 ants of Tolosa, Tolosates, -um or -ium 
 (ro.). 
 Tomi, Tomi, -orum (ro. plural) ; r. To- 
 
 mistcar. 
 Tomistear, v. Tomi. 
 Tomyris, Tomyria, -is (/.) 
 Tongres, Aduatilca, -sb (/.) ; Tungri, 
 
 •orum (ro.). 
 Tonnerie, Tornodurura -i (n.). 
 To''\ac.um. v. Tournay. 
 
 T LT i 
 
 Torone, Torone, -es (/.). 
 
 Torqutmada. Augusta Nora. 
 
 Torres '-^edras. Arandis, -is (/.). 
 
 Tortona. Dertona, •« '/.). 
 
 Tc»rtosa, Dertosa, -a; (/). 
 
 Totila, Totfla, -aj (/.). 
 
 Toulon, Telo Martius. 
 
 Toulouse, Tolosa, -at (/.), q. ▼. 
 
 Toumay, Tomacum, -i (n.). 
 
 Tours, CubaarodQnum, -i (n.), and TuTO 
 
 aium, -ii (n.), and Turonea, -um '«.). 
 Trachin, Trachin or Trachis, -Inia (f.) 
 of or belonging to Tracui- Trachinio* 
 •a, -um. 
 Trachonittt, Trachonltifl, -idia ' 
 Trajan, Trajanus, -i (m.). 
 Trajcctum Mosit, t. Maestricht. 
 Trajeclum ad Riienum, v. Utrech- 
 Tralies, Tralles, -ium (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Tralles, Trallianus, -a, -um- 
 Trapani, v. Drep&num. 
 Trapeius, Trapezus, -untis (/.) ; t Trebt. 
 
 sonde. 
 Traun (Lake), Gemundanus Lacoa 
 Trebia, Trebia, -w (/.). 
 Trebisonde, Trapezus, -untis (/.). 
 Trebonian, Trebonianus, i (m). 
 Trebula, Trebula, -va (/.) ; inhabitants oi 
 
 Trebula, Trebulani, -orum (ro.). 
 Treat, v. Troyes. 
 Treia, Treia, -te (/.) ; inhabitants of Treta 
 
 Treiensea, -ium (ra. plural). 
 Tremiti, Diomedea, -as (/.) 
 Trent, Tridentum, -i (n.), q. v. 
 Treres, Treres, -um (m. plural). 
 Treeeri, Treveri, orum (ra plural), ▼ 
 
 Treves. 
 Treves, Treveri, -orum (ro.), and also kn 
 
 gusta, -SB (/.), Trevirorum. 
 Treviso, Tarvesium, -ii (n.). 
 Triboci, Trib6ci, -orum (ra. plural)- 
 Tricala, Tricca, -m (/.). 
 Tricasses, Tricasses, -ium (ro. plural) 
 Tricca, Tricca, -sb (/.) ; v. Tricala : oJ or 
 belonging to Tricca, Triccajua, a, -um 
 Tridentum, Tridentum, -i (n.) ; of or 6t- 
 longing to Tridentum, or Trent, Triden 
 tinua, -a, uin. 
 Trieste, Tergeste, -Is (n.) ; '^f or belonging 
 to Tergeste, Tergestinuc -a, -um ; ▼. 
 Tergeste. 
 Trigno, the, Trinium flnraen. 
 Trinacria, Trinacria, -» (/.) ; of or be 
 longing to Trinacria (^Sicilian), Tri 
 nacrius, a. -um ; Trinacris, -idis (/.). 
 Trincomalee. Spatana, -aj (/.). 
 Trinobanles, the, Trinobantes, -ium or -ura 
 
 (ro. plural). 
 Triobris, Triobris, -is (m.). 
 Tripoli, Gea, -aj (/.), and also TripoUa, -li 
 (/.) ; of or belonging to Tripolis, Tri- 
 politanua, -a, -um : Tripoliticus, -a, am, 
 Triptolemus. Triptolemufl, -i («.). 
 Triton, Triton, -onis (ro.). 
 Tritonia. Tritonia, -86 (/.). 
 Tritonis. Tritonis. -Idis (/.) 
 Trivia, Trivia, if (/.). 
 Troas, Troas. adis (/.). 
 Trmzcne, TrcBzene, -ea, and TioBZoii, -ftnie 
 (/.); of or belonging to Trceiene, Tn»- 
 zeniua, -a, um. 
 Trogilus, Troinlus, -i (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Trogilus, Trogiliua, -a, um. 
 Troglodytes, Troglodytle, -arum (ra. plu- 
 ral) ; qf or belonging to the Troglodytes. 
 Troglodyticua, -a, -um ; the country of 
 the Troglodytes, Troglodytice, -es (/.). 
 Troja, Trojrt, -a (/.); of or belonging to 
 Troy, 'I'rojanus. -a. "in ; the Trojans. 
 Trojani, -orum. and Trojugena;. -arum 
 (ra. plural) ; the Trojan females, Troa 
 des, -um (/). 
 Trophonxus, Trophonius, -ii (m.>. 
 Troppau, Troppavia, » (/.). 
 Tros, Tros, -iis (ro.). 
 Troy, Troja, -as (/.) ; t. Troja. 
 Troyes, Augustobona, -» (/.) ; t re<- 
 
 -arum (/.). 
 Truxillo, Castra Julia. 
 Truphon. Tryphon, -onis (ra.). 
 Tiibero, Tubero, -onis (m.). 
 Tudtla, Tulonium. -ii (n.). 
 Tuder, Tuder (n. indecl.) ; of or belonging 
 to Tuder, Tudcrs, .rtis (masc adj) ; the 
 inhabitants of Tuder, Tudertinl, -orum. 
 Tudri, Tudri, -orum (ro.). 
 Tugia, Tug^a, -» (/.) ; of or belonging w 
 
 Tugia, Tugiensis, -e. 
 Tnisco, Tuisco. -onis (m.). _
 
 UM M 
 
 rulUa, TuIUa, -so (/.). 
 
 TuUiola, TuUiola, -sb (/.>. 
 
 fY<Z<tt(S, TuUius, -ii (nt.) ; o/ or relating to 
 
 Tullius, Tullianus, -a, •um. 
 Tullus, TuUus, -i (to.). 
 Tully, Tullius, -ii (m.). 
 Tungri, Tungri, -orum (»i.) ; v. Tongres. 
 Tunis, Tunes, -etis (/.), and Tunetura, -i 
 
 ("■)■ 
 Turbo, Turbo, -onia {m.). 
 Turicum, v. Zurich. 
 Turin, Augusta Taurinorum. 
 Turkey, Turcia, -sb (/.) ; Turkish, Turci- 
 
 cos, -a, -nm; the Turks, Turcea, -Brum 
 
 Turnut, Tumus, -i {m.^. 
 
 Turnnes, Turones, -um (m.) ; t. Tour*. 
 
 Turpio, Turpio, -Onis (m.). 
 
 Tuscany, Tuscia, -sb ; Etruria, -» (/.) , 
 Tuscan, Tuscua, -a, -um ; Etruscus, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Tusculum, Tusculum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Tusculum, Tusculanensla, -e. 
 
 Tuzla (Lake), Tatta Palus. 
 
 T^ana, Tyana, -orum (n. plural), and Ty- 
 ana, -le (/.). 
 
 Tyche, Tyche, -es (/.). 
 
 Tychieus, Tychicus, -i (m.). 
 
 Tychius, Tychius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Tydeus, Tydeus, -ei or -eos (m.) ; a son or 
 descendant of Tydeus, Tydides, -8b (m.). 
 
 Tylos, Tylos, -i (/.). 
 
 Tyndareus, TyndareUB, J (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Tyndareus, Tyndareus, -a, 
 -um ; a daughter of Tyndareus, Tynda- 
 ris, -Idis (/.) ; a son or descendant of 
 Tyndareus, Tyndaridea, -aj (ro.). 
 
 T\/phoeus, Typhoeus, -ei or -eoa (m.) ; of 
 or belonging to Typhoeus, Typhoeus, 
 •a, -um. 
 
 Typhon, Typhon, -onis (m.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Typhon, Typhoneua, -a, -um. 
 
 T^rannio, Tyrannic, -onis (m.). 
 
 Tyre, Tyrus, -i (/.) ; Sarra, ■» (/.) ; Old 
 Tyre, Palastyrus, -1 (/.) ; v. Tyrus. 
 
 Tyro, Tyro, -Us (/.). 
 
 Tyrrheni, the, Tyrrheni, -orum (n.plurat). 
 
 T)/rrhenia, Tyrrhenia, -m (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Tyrrhenia, Tyrrhgnus, -a, 
 •um ; Tyrrhenicua. -a, -ura. 
 
 Tyrrheus, Tyrrheus, ei or -eos (m.) , the 
 sons of Tyrrheus, TyrrhidsB, -arum (m.). 
 
 Tyrtteus, TyrtBUS, -i (to.). 
 
 Tyrus, Tyros, -i (/.); v. Tyre; Tyrian, 
 Tyrius, -a, um ; Sarranue, -a, -um. 
 
 Tzemitz, Zervs, -arum (/.). 
 
 Ubii, the, Ubii, -orum (m.). 
 
 Ubisci, the, Ubieci. -orum (m.). 
 
 Ucalegon, Ucalegon, -ontis (»».). 
 
 Uceni, the, Uc6ni, -orum (m.). 
 
 Ucubis, Ucubis, -is (/). 
 
 Udini, the, Udinl, -orum (m.). 
 
 Udnba, the, Uduba, -sb (to.). 
 
 Ufente, \ the, Ufens, -entis (m.) ; of or re- 
 
 Vfens, ] lating to the Ufens, Ufendnus, 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Uffugum, Uffugum, -i (n.). 
 
 Ukraine, Ukrania, -ee (/.). 
 
 Uliarus, Uliarua, -i (/.) ; v. OUron. 
 
 Ulia, Ulia, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Ulia, Uliensis, -e. 
 
 mixes, V. Ulysses. 
 
 Vim, Ulma, -aj (/.) ; Alcimoennia, -is (/). 
 
 Ulmi, the, Ulmi, -omm (m.). 
 
 Ulphilas, Ulphilaa, -« (jn.). 
 
 Ulpia, Ulpia, » (/.). 
 
 Olpian, Ulpianus, -i («.). 
 
 VlpiuM, Ulpiua, -ii (to.) ; of or relating to 
 Ulpius, Ulpian, Ulpiua, -a, -nm, and Ul- 
 pianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Ulster, Ultonia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Vlubra, UlubrsB, -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Ulubrtt, Ulubranus, -a, -ura, and 
 Ulubrensis, -e. 
 
 Vlysseg, Ulysses, -is and -1 (m.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Ulysses, Ulyssgus, -a, -um. 
 
 Dmbrenus. Umbrfinus, -1 (m.). 
 
 fimbria, Umbria, -sb (/.) ; the Umbri, Um- 
 bri, -orum (to.) ; of or belonging to Um- 
 bria, Umbrian, Umber, -bra, -brum; 
 Umbricua, -a, -um. 
 
 Vmbricius, Umbrlclue, -11 (m.). 
 
 Umbrius. Umbriui, -ii (m.). 
 
 Vmbro, the, Umbro, -onis («.). 
 
 Vfumidia, Ummidia, -bb (/). 
 
 Vmmidius, Ummidius, -ii (w.V 
 7.52 
 
 V A H 
 
 Una, Una, -ib {f). 
 
 Unelli, the, Unelli, -orum (m.). 
 
 Unimanus, Unimanua, -i (m.). 
 
 Unsingis, the, Unsingia, -is (m.'). 
 
 Upis, Upia, -is (TO.). 
 
 Upsal, Upsala, -SB (/.). 
 
 Urania, Urania, -sb, and Uranie, -es (/.). 
 
 Uranipdlis, Uranopolis, -ia (/.). 
 
 Uranus, Ur&nua, -i (to.). 
 
 Urba, Urba, -as (/.). 
 
 Urban, Urbanus, -i (m.). 
 
 Urbi, the, Urbi, -orum (m.). 
 
 Urbicius, Urbiciua, -ii (m.). 
 
 Urbicua, Urbicua, -as (/.). 
 
 Urbieus, Urbicua, -i (m.). 
 
 Urbinia, Urbinia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Vrbinius, Urblniua, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Urbinins, UrbiniSnus, a, -um. 
 Urbinum, Urbinum, -i (n.) ; an inhabitant 
 
 of Urbinum, Urblnae, atis (to.). 
 Ore, the, Urua, -i (m.). 
 Urgao, Urgao, -onis if.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Urgao, Urgaonensis, -e. 
 Urgi, Urgi, indecl. (re.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Urgi, Urgitanus, -a, -um. 
 Urgia, Urgia, » (/.). 
 Urgo, Urgo, -finis (/.). 
 Urgulania, UrgulSnia, -sb (/.). 
 Uri, the, Uri, -orum (to.). 
 Uria, Uria, -a3 (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Uria, Urias, -fttia (i».), and Uritanus, a, 
 -um. 
 Uriah, Urias, -8B (to.). 
 Urites, the, Urites, -um {m.\ 
 Urius, Urius, -ii (m.). 
 Ursanius, Ursanius, -ii (to.). 
 Ursicinus, Ursiclnus. -i (m.). 
 Vrsidivs, Ursidius, -ii (m.). 
 Ursinian, Ursinianus, -i («.). 
 Ursinns, Ursinus, -i (m.). 
 tfrso, Urso (or Ursao), -onis (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Urso, Ursonensb or Ursa- 
 onensis, -e. 
 Ursolis, Ursolia, -is (/.). 
 Ursula, UrsOla, -ae (/). 
 Ursulus, Ursiilua, -i (m.). 
 Uruncis, Uruncis, -ia (/.). 
 Vsalla, Usalla, -» (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Usalla, Usallit&nus, -a, -nm. 
 Usar, the, Uear, -ftria (to.). 
 Uscana, Uscana, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Uscana, Uscanensia, -e. 
 Ushant=z Ouessant. 
 Usidieani, the, Usidicftni, -orum (m.). 
 Usipetes, the, UslpStes, -um (to.). 
 Usipii, Usipii, -orum (m.). 
 Uspe, Uspe, -es (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Uspe, Uspensis, -e. 
 Ussubium, Ussubium, -U (n.). 
 Ustica, Ustica, -a (/.). 
 Vtende, Siatutanda, -omm (n.). 
 Vlens, the, Utens, -ntis (m.). 
 Vthina, Uthlna, -sB (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Uthina, Uthinensis, -e. 
 Utica, Utica, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Ulica, Uticensis, -e. 
 Utrecht, Trajectum, -i (n.), ad Rhenom. 
 Uxama, Uxama, -89 (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Uxama, Uxamensis, -e. 
 Uxantis, Uxantis, -is (/). 
 Uxellodunum, UxellddQnmn, -i (n.). 
 Uxentum, Uxentum, -! (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Uxentum, Uxentlnus, -a, -um. 
 Uzalis, Uzalis, -ia (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Uzalis, Uzalensia, -e. 
 Uzes, Ucetia, -SB (/.). 
 Ulia, Uzia, -» (/.). 
 Uiila, Uzila, -sb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 
 Uiila, Uzilensis, -e. 
 Uzxiah, Uzziaa, -e (m.). 
 
 V. 
 
 Vabar, the, Vabar, -aria (m.). 
 
 Vacca, Vacca, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Vacca, Vaccensis, -e, and VaccsBlu, -a, 
 -um. 
 
 Vaecius, Vaccius, -il (m.). 
 
 Vaccus, Vaccna, -1 (m.). 
 
 Vaeerra, Vacerra, -sb (m.). 
 
 Vacuna, VftcOna, -sb (/.) ; of or relating 
 to Vacuna, VacunSlls, -e. 
 
 Vada, Vada, -sb (/).— 2. Vada, -cram («.). 
 
 Vadimonis (Lake), VadimSnia Lacna (m.). 
 
 Vadomarius, Vadomariua, -ii (to.). 
 
 Vaga, Vaga, -ee (/.), another form o/ Vac- 
 ca, q. V. ; adj., Vagenaia, -e. 
 
 VageUius, Vaeellius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Vahahs. the. VShalis or VftohdlU. t« («.). 
 
 va 1 
 
 Faup/i. Vaslo, -Onii (/.). 
 
 Vala, Vala, -sb (».). 
 
 Valence. Valentia, -sb (/.), q. i. 
 
 Valeneia, Valencia or Valentia, -»» (/). 
 
 Valenciennes, Valentianse, -arum </.). 
 
 Valens, VSlens, -entis (m.). 
 
 Valentia, Valentia, -sb (/.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Valentia, Valentinua, -a, -um. 
 Valentina, Valentina, -bb (/.). 
 Valentine, Valentinus, -i (to.) ; of or relap 
 
 ing to Valentine, Valentinianns, -a, -um. 
 Valentinian, Valentinianue, -i (m.). 
 Valentius, Valentius, -ii (m.). 
 Valema, Valentlnum, -i (n.). 
 Valeria, Valeria, -sb (/.), a woman. — ^2. • 
 
 eity , of or belonging to Valeria, ValM- 
 
 ensis, -e. 
 Valerian, Valeriftnua, -i (ra.). 
 Valerius, Valerius, -ii (to.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Valerius, Valerian, Valerius, •«, 
 
 -um, 071(2 Valerianus, -a, -um. 
 Valerns, Valfirus, -i (to.). 
 Valetium, Valetium, -ii (n.). 
 Valgius, Valgius, ii («.). 
 Valgus, Valgus, -i (to.). 
 Valladolid, Pintia, -bb (/.) ; Valliaoletum, 
 
 -i (n.). 
 Vallai, the, Vallsai, -orum (to.). 
 Vallebana, Vallebana, -aa (/.). 
 Valli, the, Valli, -orum (to.). 
 Valtdine, Vallis Tellina (/.). 
 Vandals, the, Vandali, -orum (to.); oJ or 
 
 belonging to the Vandals, Vandal, Van- 
 
 dalicua, -a, -nm. 
 Van Diemen's Land, Diemeni Insuia 
 
 Vangio, Vangio, -Cms (to.). 
 Vangiones, the, Vangiones, -um (to.). 
 Vannes, Civitas Vetietorum ; Ven^tia, -at 
 
 (/■)• 
 
 Vanniue, Vannlus, -ii (to.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Vannius, Vannianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Vapineum, Vapincum, -i (re.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Vapincum, Vapincenaia, •• 
 
 Var, the, Varua, -i (to.). 
 
 Vardai, the, Vardsei, -orum (m.). 
 
 Vardanes, Vardanea, -sb or -ia («.) 
 
 Vardar, the, Axiua, -ii (m.). 
 
 Varduli, the, Varduli, -orum (m.). 
 
 Varenus, Vurfenus, -i (to.). 
 
 Vargula, Vargula, -sb (to.). 
 
 Vargunteint, Vargunteins and Vargontel- 
 ua, -ii (to.). 
 
 Varia, Varia, -sb (/.), a city. — ^3. a womaK't 
 name. 
 
 VarUla. Varilla, -sb (/.). 
 
 Varillus, Varillus, -i (to.). 
 
 Varini, the, Varini, -orum (m.). 
 
 Varinus, Varlnus, -i (to.). 
 
 Variola, VariCla, -bb (/.). 
 
 Varlsidius, Varisidius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Varius, Variua, -ii (to.). 
 
 Varro, Varro, -finis (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Varro, Varronian, Varrfinianus, a, 
 -um. 
 
 Varronianus, Varroni&nus, -i (to.). 
 
 Icarus, varus, -i (to.) ; of or relating to 
 Varus, Varianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Vasaees, Vaaacea, -ia (to.). 
 
 Vasites, the, Vasates, -um or -ium, and 
 VasatSB, -arum (to.) ; of or belonging to 
 the Vasates, Vasaticus, -a, -um. 
 
 Vasetnes, the, Vascfines, -um (to.) ; of or 
 belonging to the Vaseones, Vasconian, 
 Vascfinicua, -a, -um ; the country of the 
 Vaseones, Vasconia, -sb (/.). 
 
 Vatia, Vatia, -sb (to.). 
 
 Vatican (Mouxt), Vaticanus, -i (to.), Mom 
 or Collis ; of or belonging to the Vatican, 
 Vatican, Vaticanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Vatienue, Vatienns, -i (to.). 
 
 Vatinius, Vatinius, -ii (to.); of or relating 
 to Vatinius, Vatinian, Vatiniinus, -a, 
 -nm. 
 
 Vatusium, Vatusium, -ii (n.) ; of or b» 
 longing to Vatusium, Vatuaicus, -a. -oat 
 
 Veciliut, Veciliua, -ii (m.). 
 
 Vectenus, Vectenus, -i (to.). 
 
 Vectidius, Vectidins, -ii («.). 
 
 Veetis, Vectis, -is (/.). 
 
 Vectius, Vectins, -ii (m.>. 
 
 Vecturius, Vecturius, -U («.). 
 
 Vedius, Vedius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Vegetius, Vegetius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Veia, Veia, -sb (/). 
 
 Veianius, Veianius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Veianus, Veianus, -i (m.). 
 
 Vaento, Veiento, -onis (m.V 
 
 Veii, Veil, -orum (to.) ; of or btlonginjr •»
 
 V u a 
 
 VeH, Veian, Veiens, -eotig iodj.), and 
 Veieataous, -a, -um. 
 
 Vejovis, Vejovis, -is (m.). 
 
 Veiabrum, Velabrum, -i, and Velabra, 
 oruDi (7i.) ; of or belonging to Velabrum, 
 VelabreDsis, -e. 
 
 Velauni, the, Velauni, -orum (m.). 
 
 Velio, Velia, -m (/.) ; of or belonging to 
 Velia, Veliensie, -e, and Velinus, -a, -um. 
 
 Velitra, Velitrw, -arum (/.) , of or biiong- 
 ing to Velilret, Velitemus, -a, -um, and 
 Velitemlnus, -a. -um. 
 
 Vtlius, Velius, -ii (m.). 
 
 VtUavi, the, Vellavi, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the VtUavi, VeUavus, -a, -um. 
 
 FelUda. Velleda, -le (/.). 
 
 VtUeius, Velleius, -ii (m.) ; of or relating 
 to yeileius, Velleianus, -a, -um. 
 
 VeUari, Velitrw, -arum (/.), q. t. 
 
 VtUiea, Vellica, -a; (/.). 
 
 VeUocatus, Vellocatus, -i (nt.). 
 
 VeUodunum, Velloduuum, -i (n.). 
 
 Vellvxug, Vellutus, -i (wi.). 
 
 Velocasset, the, Velocasses, -ium (m.). 
 
 Velocius, Velocius, ii (>n.). 
 
 Vtlox, Velox, -ocia (nj.). 
 
 Vtnafrum, Venafrum, -i (n.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Venafrum, Venafranus, -a, -um. 
 
 Vendonte, Castrum Vindonicum, -i (n.). 
 
 Venedi, the, Venedi, orum (»».)• 
 
 Veneti. the, Vfineti, -orum (m.) , of or be- 
 longing to the Veneti, Venetian, Veneti- 
 CU8, -a, -um, and Vengtus, -a, -um ; the 
 country of the Veneti, Venetia, -« (/.). 
 
 Venice, VeneticB, -arum (/.) ; Venetian, 
 Venetus, -a, -um. 
 
 Venilia, Venllia, » (/.). 
 
 Venno, Venno, -onis (m.), 
 
 Vennonius, Vennonius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Venosa, Venusia, -aj (/.), q. t. 
 
 Vmta, Venta, -as (/.). 
 
 Ventidiui, Ventidius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to Ventidius, Ventidianus, -a, -um. 
 
 Venuleia, Venuleia, -m (/.). 
 
 Venuleius, Venuleiue, -ii (>».). 
 
 Venulus, Venulus, -i (m.). 
 
 Venue, Venus, -Sris (/.) ; of or relating to 
 Venus, Venereus or Veneriua, -a, -um. 
 
 Venusia, Venusia, -m (/.), and Venusium, 
 -ii (71.) ; of or belonging to Venusia, Ve- 
 DUBinue, -a, -um. 
 
 Venustus, Venustus, -i (»».). 
 
 Venzo7ie, Vannia, -£b (/.). 
 
 Vera Cruz, Vera Crux, -flcis (/. ). 
 
 Veragri, the^ Veragri, -orum («•.). 
 
 Verannia, Verannia, -se (/.). 
 
 Verannius, Verannius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Verax, Verax, -acia (ro.). 
 
 ^erbanue (Lake), Verbanua, -l (w.), Lacus. 
 
 ^:;t£'"'!v-binum.-i(n.). 
 
 VercelUe, > Vercellaj, -arum (/.) ; of or be- 
 
 Vercelli, J longing to Vercella, Vercel- 
 lensis, -e, and Vercellinua, -a, -um. 
 
 Vercellius, Vercellius, -ii (m,). 
 
 Varcingetorix, Vercingetorix, -igis (m.). 
 
 Verconnius, VerconniuB, -ii (wi.). 
 
 Verdun, Verodunum, -i (tj.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Verdun, Veroduneneie, -e. 
 
 Veretum, Veretum, i (n.) \ of or belonging 
 to Veretum, Veretinus, -a, -um 
 
 Vergte, Vergaj, -anim (/.). 
 
 Vergellus. Vcrgellue, -i (m.). 
 
 Vergetitum, Vergentum, -i (n.). 
 
 Vergilius, v. Virgilius. 
 
 Vergium, Vergium, -ii (ti.) , of or belong- 
 ing to Vergium, Vergeetanus, -a, -um. 
 
 Vergunni, the, Vereunni, -orum (m.). 
 
 Veria, Venn, -m (/). 
 
 Verina, Verina, -a; (/.). 
 
 Verminti, Vermina, -ue (m.). 
 
 Vernon, Vellaunodunum, -i (n.). 
 
 Verolamium, Verolamium, -ii, or Verola- 
 mum, i (n.). 
 
 Veromandui, the, Veromandui, -orum (m.). 
 
 Verona, Verona, m (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Verona, Ve ronensis, -e. 
 
 Verres, Verres, -is (m.) ; of or belonging 
 to Verres. Verreus, -a, -um, and Verrl- 
 ous, -a, -um. 
 
 Varritus, Verritus, -1 (m.). 
 
 Verrius, Verrins, -ii (nt.). 
 
 Verrugo, Verriigo, -Inis (/.). 
 
 Verrutius, Vcrrutius, .ii (»».). 
 
 Versailles, Versaliaj, .arum (/.). 
 
 Vertumnus, Vertumnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Vtrulamium, v. Verolamium. 
 
 f^erxiUt, VeriilBB, -arum (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Verula, Veriilanus. -a, -um. 
 4S 
 
 V I N 
 
 Verua, V6ru«, -i (m.) ; of or relating to 
 Verus, VerauuB, -a, um, and Verianus, 
 -a, -um. 
 Veiniins. Verbinum, -i (».). 
 Vesagus, VucagUt), -i (n.). 
 Vetcelia, Vesceiia, -as (/.). 
 Veecia, Veecia, -bb (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Veecia, Veacinus. -a, -um. 
 Veeculariue, Vesculariua, -ii (m,). 
 Veeeris, the, Veaerle, -ia («».). 
 Verontio, Vesontio, -onis (/.) ; of or b»- 
 
 longing to Veeontio, Veaontieuais, -e. 
 Vespa, Veapa, •» (m.). 
 Veepaeia, Vespasia, -« (/.). 
 Vespasian, Vespasi&nus, -i (m.). 
 Veepasius, Vespasiua, -ii (;».). 
 Vespillo, Veapillo, -onis (m.). 
 Veepronius, Vesproniua, -ii (m.). 
 Vesta, Veata, -jb (/.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Veeta, Veatalia, -e. 
 Vetlia, Vestia, -as (/.). 
 Vestienue, Veatienus, -i (m.). 
 Veetilia, Veatilia, -» (J".). 
 Veetilius, Veatiliua, -ii (m.). 
 Vestini, the, Veaani, -orum (m.) ; of or be- 
 longing to the Vestini, VesUDUa, -a, -um. 
 Veetinue, Veatinua, -i (nt.). 
 Vestorius, Veatoriua, -ii (n».) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Vesioriue, Veatorianus, -a, -um. 
 Veatrilius, Veatritiua, -ii (m.). 
 Vesulus (Mount), Vesiilua, -i (m.), Mone. 
 Vesuni, the, Vesuni, orum (m.). 
 Vesunna, Vesunna, -ee (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Vesunna, VeaunnlcuB, -a, -um. 
 Vesuvius (Mount), Vesuvius, -ii (m.), and 
 VesevuB, .i (m.) ; of or belonging to Ve- 
 suvius, Vesuvtan, Vesuvius, -a, -um ; 
 Vesevus, -a, -um; and (late) Vesviiu, 
 -a. -um. 
 Veteranio, Veteranio, -onis (m.). 
 Vetilius, Vetiliua, -ii (m.). 
 Vetrasinus, Vetrastnua, .1 (m.). 
 Vetronius, Vetroniua, -il (m.). 
 Veitius. Vettius, -ii (m.). 
 Vettona. Vettona, -oi (J.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Vettona, Vettonensls, -e. 
 Vettonee, the, Vettonea or Vectones, -um 
 (m.) ; country of the VeUonee, Vettonia, 
 -8B (/.). 
 Vettonianus, Vettoniannt, -i (at.). 
 Vttulonia. Vetulonia, -as (/.) ; of or be- 
 longing to Vetulonia, Vetuloniensie, -^ 
 Veturia, Veturia, -eB (/.). 
 Veturius, Veturius, -ii (m.) ; of Or relating 
 
 to Veturius, Veturius, -a, -um. 
 Vetusius, Vetusius, -ii (m.). 
 Vevay, Viviscum or Vibiscum, -i (n.). 
 Vibelli, the, Vibelli, -orum (m.). 
 Vibenna, Vibenna, -te (/.). 
 Vibennius, Vibenniua, -ii (m.) 
 Vibidia, Vibidia, -aj (/.). 
 Vibidius, Vibidius, -ii (m.). 
 Vibienus, Vibienus, -i («.). 
 Vihilius, Vibiliua, -ii (m.). 
 Vibius. Vibiua, ii (m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Vibive, Vibiua, -a, -um. 
 VU>ij, Vibo, -onia (/.) ; qf or belonging to 
 
 yibo, Vibonensis, -e. 
 Vibulanus, Vibulanus, -t (m.). 
 Vibulenus. Vibulenus, -i (»».). 
 Vibullius, VibuUius, -ii (in.). 
 Vicentia, ) Vicentia, -bb (J.) ; of or belong- 
 Vicenza, j ing to Vicentia, VicentinuB, 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Vicetia, Vicfitia, -aj, or Vicentia, -sb (/.) ; 
 of or belonging to Vicetia, Vicetinus, -a, 
 -um =z foregoing. 
 Vichy, Aqua; Calidas, -arum (/.). 
 Victor, Victor, -Oris (m.). 
 Victoria, Victoria, -» (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Victoria, Victoriensis, -e. 
 Victorian, VictorianuB, -1 (m.). 
 Victoriatus, Victoriatus, -i (m.). 
 Victorinus, Victorinua, -i (m.). 
 Victorias, Victorius, -ii (m.). 
 Victumvia, Victumvice, .arum (/.). 
 Vidius, Vidius, -ii (m.). 
 Vienna, Vind6b6na, -sb (/.) ; of or belong- 
 ing to Vienna, Viennese, Vindobonen- 
 Bis, -e. 
 Vienne, Vienna, -se (/.) ; of or belonging 
 
 to Vienne, Viennensis, -e. 
 VigeUius, Vigellius, -ii (m.). 
 Vigilius, Vigilius, .ii (»».). 
 Villius, Villius, -ii (to.). 
 Viminal (Mount), the. VimlnSlis, -la («».). 
 Mona, CoUis ; of the Viminal, Viminal, 
 Viminalis, -e. 
 Vineennes. Vincentja, -as (/.). 
 
 VOL 
 
 Vincent, Vincentius, -ii (m... 
 Vincentia, Vinientia, •« (/.) 
 Vincentiue, v. VtncenL 
 Vincium, Vincium, ii (»i.) ; of or beionf 
 
 ing to Vincium, Viucieoais, -e. 
 Vinciut, Vincius, -ii (m.). 
 Vindaiium, Vindalium, -ii (n.). 
 Vindelicia, Vlndelicia, -m (f.) ; tie Vinda 
 
 lid, Viudelici, -orum (m.) ; Vindtlidmn 
 
 Vinddlicus, a, -um. 
 Vindez, Vindex, -icia (m.). 
 Vindia, Vindia, -ut (/.). 
 Vindiiiue, Vindicius, -ii (mt,). 
 Vindiiia, Vindilis, is (/.). 
 Vindobona, v. Vienna. 
 Vindonieaa, Vindoniasa, -m (/•) , of i/- b*- 
 
 longing to Vindoniesa, Vindoiiibsea 
 
 eis, -e. 
 VinduUus, VinduUus, -i (m.). 
 Vinicius, Vinicius, -ii (m.) ; of or rdiuing 
 
 to Vinicius, Vinicianus, -a, -um. 
 Vinidius, Vinidiua, -ii (m.). 
 Vinius, Vinius, -ii (m.). 
 Vinovia, Vinovia, to (/.). 
 Vintimiglia, Albium lotemelinm, -U («.). 
 Viola, Viola, -uj (/.). 
 Violens, Violens, -entia (m.). 
 Vipsania, Vipaania, -ae (/.). 
 Vipranius, Vipsanius, -ii (»>.). 
 Vipstana, Vipstana, -a; (/.). 
 Vipstanus, VipstSnus, -i (,»!.). 
 Virbius, Virbius, -ii (m.). 
 Virdius, Virdius, -ii (tti.). 
 Virdomarus, Virdomarus, -i, or Virdumtr 
 
 rus, i (m.). 
 Virgilianus, Virgilianus, -i (m.). 
 Virgil, Virgilius, -ii (.m.) ; of or relating to 
 
 Virgil, Virgilianus, a, um. 
 Virginia, Virginia, -as (/.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Virginia, Virginiensis, -«. 
 Virginiua, Virginius, -ii (m.). 
 Viriathus, Viriathus or Viriatus, -i (in.,, 
 
 of or relating to Viriathus, Viriathinut 
 
 -a, -um. 
 Viridasiue, Viridasiua, -ii {«.). 
 Virrius, Virrius, -ii (m.). 
 Virro, Virro, -onis (m.). 
 Virtus, Virtus, -utis (/.). 
 Virunum, Virunum, -i (n.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Virunum, Virunensis, -e. 
 Viscellinus, Viscellinua, -i (m.). 
 Viecus, Viscua, -i (m.). 
 Vieeiue, Viseiue, -ti (m.). 
 Visellia, Visellia, -88 (/.;. 
 Visellius, Viaellius, -ii (m.) ; of or reiaiing 
 
 to Visellius, Visellian, Visellius. -a, -um. 
 Visigoths, the, Visigothee, -arum ; Visi 
 
 gdtbi, -orum (m.). 
 Visa (Mount). Vesulus, i («.', Mona. 
 VisoJitio =: I'esontio. 
 Vistilia, Vistilia. a) f.). 
 vijiula, the, Vistula, -«;, and '/.^lil.oA. 4 
 
 (tn.). 
 Visurgis, the, Visurgis, -ia (»n.). 
 Vitalian, Vitalianus, -i (m.). 
 Vitalius, Vitalius, -ii (m.). 
 Vitellia, Vitellia, if (/.). 
 VitcUinut, Vitellinus, -i (m.). 
 Vilellius, Vitelliua, -ii («.) ; of or relating 
 
 to Vitellius, Vitellianua, -a, -um 
 Viterbo, Viterbium, -ii (n.). 
 Viiia, Vitia, -a; (/.). 
 Vitrasia, Vitrasia, -aJ (/.)■ 
 Vitrasius, Vitrasius, ii (m.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Vitrasius, VitrasiSnua, -a. um. 
 Vitruvius, Vitruvius. -ii (m.). 
 Vittoria, Victoria, m (/.)■ 
 Viturgia. Viturgia, -a; (/.). 
 Virarium. v. Viviers. 
 Vivian, Vivianus, -i (m.). 
 Viviers, Vivarium, ii (ti.) ; of or belong 
 
 ing to Viviers, Vivariensis, -e. 
 Vivisci, the, Vivisci, -orum (tn.) ; of or bt 
 
 longing to the Vivisci, Viviacus, -a, -um, 
 Vticha, OlpB, -arum (/.). 
 Vlie, the. Fossa Corbulonie (/.). 
 Vlieland, Flevolandia, -SB (/.). 
 Vliesingen, Fleeinga, -bb (/.). 
 Vacates, the^ Vocates, um or -ium (m.). 
 Vocetius (Mount). Vocetjue, -ii (m.). Mob* 
 Vocio, Vocio, -finis (m.). 
 Voconius, Voconius, -ii (m.) ; of or relat- 
 ing to j'oronius, Voconius, -a, -um, ana 
 Voconianus. -a. -um. 
 Vocontii, the, Vocontii, -orum («.; ; of or 
 
 belonging to the Vocontii, Vocontins. •* 
 -um. 
 Vocula, Vocula, a (m.). 
 Vogeaiu. V. Visigua. 
 
 " 753
 
 WAS 
 
 VoUt, Volsa, irum (/.) ; of or belonging 
 to Vola, Volanus, -a, -urn. 
 
 Volagimus, Volaginius, -ii (m.). 
 
 Volana, Volana, -sb (/.). 
 
 Volandum, Volandum, -i (n.). 
 
 Volanerius, Volanerius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Volaterrx, VolaterrsB, -arum (/.) ; of or 
 belonging to Volaterrce, Volaterrftnus, 
 -a, -urn. 
 
 Volca, tht, Volcie, -arum (m.). 
 
 Volero, Volero, -onis (to.). 
 
 Voltiiu, Volesus and Volusua, -I (m.) , t 
 Volugus. 
 
 Volga, the, Rha, indecl. (m.). 
 
 Vologeaus, Vologesus, -i, and Vologeses, 
 -is (to.). 
 
 Volscens, Volecens, -eutis (m.). 
 
 Volsei, the, Volsci, -orum (m.^ ; of or be- 
 longing to the Volsci, Volscian, Volacua, 
 -a, -urn. 
 
 Volsciani, the, Volsciani, -orum (m.). 
 
 Volicius, Volecius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Volsinii, Volsinii or Vulsinil, -orum (to.) ; 
 of or belonging to Volsinii, Vulsinieneis, 
 -e, and Volscinus or Volsinius, -a, -um. 
 
 VoUerra, Volaterrffl, -arum (/.), q. t. 
 
 Volturno, Vulturnus, -i (m.). 
 
 Volnmnia, Volumnia, -» (/.). 
 
 Volumnius, Volumnius, -ii (to.) ; of or re- 
 lating to Volumnius, Volumnianus, -a, 
 -am. 
 
 Volumnus, Volumnus, -i (to.). 
 
 Volupia, Volupia, -ae (/.^. 
 
 Volusenus, Volusenua, -i (to.). 
 
 Volusian, VoluBiSnue, -i (to.). 
 
 Volusiiis, Volusius, -ii (to.). 
 
 Volusus. VolilBUS, -1 (m.) ; of or relating 
 to Volusus, Volusian, Volasinus, -a, -una. 
 
 Volventius, Volventiue, -ii (to.). 
 
 Vonones, Vononee, -is (to.). 
 
 Vopiscus, Vopiscus, -1 (to.). 
 
 Voranus, Voranus, -i (to.). 
 
 Vosges, les, ) Vosegus or Vfigesns, 
 
 Votegus (Mount), J -i (to.). Mons. 
 
 Vottizza, .lEgium, -ii (n.), q. v. 
 
 Votienus, Votienus, -i (to.). 
 
 Vulcan, Vulcanus, -i (m.) ; Qreek and 
 poet; HephsBStUB, -i (to.) ; of or relating 
 to Vulcan, Fu2caraian, Vulcania8,-a,-uin, 
 and Vulcanalis, -e. 
 
 Vulcalius, Vulcatius, -U (to.). 
 
 Vulpenius, Vulpenius, -ii (to.) 
 
 Vulginii, v. Volsinii. 
 
 Vulso, Vulso, -Onis (m.). 
 
 VtUteius, Vulteius, -ii (ra.^. 
 
 VuUuTcius, Vulturcius, -U (m.). 
 
 Vnltur {Mount), Vultur, -uris (m.), Mons. 
 
 Vultumum, Vultumum, -i (n.). 
 
 Vulturnus, the, Vulturnus, i (m.) ; of or 
 relating to the Vulturnus, VultamSIis, -e. 
 
 w, 
 
 tl^aag, Vagus, -1 (to.). 
 
 Waal, Vahalls, -is (m.). 
 
 Wadi el Arisch, iEgypti flurlus. 
 
 Wadi el Berber, Tusca, -89 (m.). 
 
 Wadi Qiiaham, Cinyps, -ypis («i.). 
 
 Wadi Miisa, Petra, -88 (/.). 
 
 Wclcheren, Gualacra, -88 (/> 
 
 Waldeck, Valdecum, -i (n.). 
 
 Waldhust, Valdhusta, -se (/.). 
 
 Wales, Britannia Secunda ; Cambria, -cb 
 
 (/.); Vallesia, -as (f.\. 
 Wallachia, Dacia, -8b '(/.), of vkiek it 
 
 formed part ; Vallachia, -» (/). 
 Wallingford, Caleva, -se (/.). 
 Walton, Valtonia, -88 (f.). 
 Walsingham, Parathalassia, -m (/.). 
 Wantage, Vanatinga, -88 (/.) 
 Wardein, Varadinum, -i (n.). 
 Waren, Virunum, -i (n.). 
 Warminster, Verlucio, -onis (/.). 
 Warrington, Rigodflnum, -1 (n.). 
 Warsaw, Varsovia, -8b (/.). 
 Warwick, Calunia, -bb (/.). 
 Wash (the), Metaris .^stuariom. 
 754 
 
 Y A R. 
 
 Washington, HeroopClls, -Is </•>. 
 Waterford, Menapia, -ee (/.). 
 Waterloo, Nicephorium, -ii («,). 
 Weichsel, the, Vistula, -m (m.). 
 Weissenburg, Alba Selusiana. 
 Weissenfels, Leucopetra, -ae (J".). 
 Wells, Pontes Belgae. 
 Welten, Veldidena, -m (/.). 
 Werden, Moradunum, -i (n..). 
 Wertach, Vinda, -as (/.). 
 Weser, Visurgis, -is (m.). 
 West Bothnia, Bothnia OccidentftU*. 
 West Chester, Cestria Occidentalis. 
 Wester7i Islands, Accipitrum Insulee ; r. 
 
 Azores. 
 West Indies, India Occidentalis. 
 Westminster, Westmonasterium, -ii (n.). 
 Westphalia, Guesttalia, -sa (/.). 
 West Point, Zephyrium, -ii (n.). 
 Whitechurch, Album Monasterium. 
 White Sea, Album Mare. 
 Widden, Viminacium, -ii (n.). 
 Wien, Vindobona, se (/.); ▼. VitnTia. 
 Wiener Wald, Boiorum Deserta 
 Wiesbaden, Aquaa MattiacsB. 
 Wight (Isle of), Vectis Insula. 
 WUloughby, Verometum, -i (n.) 
 Wilna, Vilna, -ad (/.). 
 Wilton, EUanduDum, -i (n.). 
 Winchester, Venta Belgarum ; VIntonia, 
 
 -8B (/). 
 Windischgratz, Slavogrsecium, -II (n.i. 
 Windsor, Vindesorium, -ii («.). 
 Winterthur, VitodQrum, -i (n.). 
 Wittenberg, Vitemberga, -sb (/.). 
 Wolfenbutiel, Guelferbytum, -1 (n.) ; of or 
 
 belonging to Wolfenbuttel, Guelferbyta- 
 
 nus, -a, -um. 
 Wolga, Rha, indecL (m.). 
 Worcester, Vigomla, -ae (/) ; BramiOTinm, 
 
 U (n.). 
 Tfo 'Its, Borbetomagus, -1 (/.) ; Augusta 
 
 Vangionum. 
 Wroxeter, Uriconium, -ii (n.). 
 Wurzberg, Artaunum, -1 (n.); Herbtpolit, 
 
 -i« (/.) ; Wurceburgum, -1 («.) 
 
 Xalapa, Jalapa, bb (/.). 
 Xalon, the, Bilbllis, -is (».). 
 Xanten, Castra Vetera. 
 Xanthe, Xanthe, -(.t (/.). 
 Xanthias, Xanthias, -w (to). 
 Xanthippe, Xanthippe, -e« (/.). 
 XanthippiLs, Xanthippus, -i («.) 
 Xantho, Xantho, -fla (/.). 
 Xanthus, the, Xanthus, -i (m ). 
 Xelsa, Celsa, -se (/.). 
 Xelva, Xelva, -te (/.). 
 Xenagoras, Xenagdras, m (to 'i 
 Xenarchiis, Xenarcbns, -i (m ) 
 Xeno, Xeno, -onis (to.). 
 Xenocles, Xen6cle8, -is (to.). 
 Xenocrates, Xenocrates, -is (m ) 
 Xenodorus, Xenodorus, -1 (to.) 
 Xenomenes, Xenomfines, -is (m i 
 Xenophanes, Xenophanes, -is (m i 
 Xenophantus, Xenophantus, -1 (ro i 
 Xenophilus, XenophlluB, -i (m.). 
 Xenophon, XenSphon, -ontis (m.) , of or 
 
 relating to Xenophon, Xenophont6u8. a, 
 
 -nm. 
 Xerxes, Xerxes, -Ib (to.). 
 Xigonza, Saguntia, -ee (/.). 
 Xilocastro, iEgira, -68 (/). 
 Xistus, XistuB, -i (to.). 
 Xucar, Sucro, -onis (».). 
 Xnthe, Xuthe, -es (/.). 
 Xuthus, XuthuB, i (to.). 
 Xylenopolis, Xylenop6UB, -1« (J.). 
 
 Y. 
 
 Yare, the, Garienis, -is (».). 
 Yarmouth, Garianonum, -i (n.). 
 Yarroto, Yarrovia, -m (/.). 
 
 Z W ] 
 
 Yarrow (River), Yarrovus, -i (m.). 
 
 Tarum, Girvium, -ii (n.). 
 
 Yellow River, Flavuj Amnis. 
 
 Yellow Sea, Flavum Mare. 
 
 Yemen, Arabia Felix, and also Amania 
 
 ■m (/.). 
 Yenisei, lenisia, -ae (/.). 
 Yenne, Canna, -ee (/.), and alio Yenna 
 
 -IB (/.). 
 Ycpes, Ispinum, -i (n.). 
 Ygualada, Aqualatum, -i (».). 
 Yil, Hyla, -» (/.). 
 YUt, Ilostum, -i («.). 
 Yniesta, Egelasta, -se (/.). 
 Yonne, Icauna, -te (/.). 
 York, Eboracum, -i (n.), and also Ebora 
 
 copoliB, -is (/.) ; of or belonging to York, 
 
 Eboracensis, -e ; Eboracopolitanus, -a, 
 
 -um ; V. New York. 
 Yorktown, Nicop61is Americana. 
 Ypres, Hypra3, -ftrum (/.). 
 Ysendick, Isendicum, -i (n.). 
 Yssel, the, Isala, -6b (to.). 
 Ysselberg, Ysselburgum, -i (n.). 
 Ystadt, Istadium, -ii (n.). 
 Yucatan, lucatania, -88 (/.). 
 Ynnto, Tagrua, -i (m.). 
 Yvoire, Aquaria, -88 (/.). 
 Yvoii (District), Cariniacum, -1 (».> 
 Yvoiz (City), Epoissus, -1 (•».). 
 
 z. 
 
 Zabulon, Zabulon, -dnis 'to.). 
 Zaeharias, Zachaiias, -88 (to.). 
 Zachary, Zaeharias, -ee (to.). 
 Zacchenis, Zaccheus, -i (to.). 
 Zacynthue (now Zante), Zacyntkiib, -i yj.) 
 
 of or belonging to Zacynthus, Zacyntm 
 
 us, -a, -um. 
 Zadok, Zadocus, -i (to.). 
 Zagrus (Mount), Zagrus, -1 (m.). 
 ZcUeucus, Zaleucus, -i (m.). 
 Zama, Zama, -8b (/.) ; of or belonging m 
 
 Zama, Zamensis, -e. 
 Zamolxis, Zamolxis, -is (n.). 
 Zancle, Zancle, -es (/.). 
 Zante, Zacynthus, -i (/.), q. ▼. 
 Zaranga, Zaranges, -arum (to.). 
 Zariaspa, Zariaspa, -m, and Zariaspe, ■«« 
 
 Zea, CSa, -se, and Ceos, -1 (/.) ; of or b» 
 longing to Ceo, Ceus, -a, -um. 
 
 Ztbedee, Zebedseus, -i (to.). 
 
 Zedekiah, Zedeklas, -sb (to.). 
 
 Zeitoun (Oulf), Sinus Maliacus. 
 
 Zela, Zela, -«b (/.). 
 
 Zeloles, ZelOtes, -8B (to.). 
 
 Zelotue, Zelotus, -i (to.). 
 
 Zeno, Zeno, -onis (m.). 
 
 Zenobia, Zenobia, -tp (/.). 
 
 Zenobius, Zenobius, -ii (ffl.). 
 
 Zenodotus, Zenodotus, -i (M.). 
 
 Zepkyrus, ZephyruB, -i (to.). 
 
 Zetee, Zetes, -88 (to.). 
 
 Zetit, Zeds, -is (to.). 
 
 Zeugis, Zeugis, -is (/.)• 
 
 Zeugma, Zeugma, -itis (n.). 
 
 Zeuxis, ZeuxiB, -is and -idis («.) 
 
 Ziel, Zela, -88 (/.). 
 
 Zilis, Zilis, -is (/.). 
 
 Zoe, Zoe, -es (/.). 
 
 Zoilus, ZoQus, -i (TO.). 
 
 Zofs, Zeis, -idis (/.). 
 
 Zen, Zon. -ontis (m.) 
 
 Zopyrion, Zopyrion, -onis (».). 
 
 Zopyriis, Zopyrus, -i (to.) 
 
 Zoroaster, Zoroastres, -tB and -is («.). 
 
 Zosimus. ZoslmuB, -i (to.). 
 
 Zoster, Zoster, -ens (m.) 
 
 Zurich. Turicum, 1 (n,) ; of or belonging 
 to Zurich, Turicensis, -e. 
 
 ZteeibTiicken, Bipontium, -il, and Bipoc 
 turn, i ; ojf or belonging to Zweibrilck 
 en, or Bipontium, Biponl, Bipontlout 
 -a, -um. 
 
 Zwickau, Cyguca, -m (/.). 
 
 THE END.
 
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